bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antiviral Inflammation during Early Pregnancy Reduces Placental and Fetal Growth Trajectories
Authors: Baines Kelly J. , Rampersaud Amanda M. , Hillier Dendra M. , Jeyarajah Mariyan J. , Grafham Grace K. , Eastabrook Genevieve , Lacefield James C. , Renaud Stephen J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Many viruses are detrimental to pregnancy and negatively affect fetal growth and development. What is not well understood is how virus-induced inflammation impacts fetal–placental growth and developmental trajectories, particularly when inflammation occurs in early pregnancy during nascent placental and embryo development. To address this issue, we simulated a systemic virus exposure in early pregnant rats (gestational day 8.5) by administering the viral dsRNA mimic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C). Maternal exposure to PolyI:C induced a potent antiviral response and hypoxia in the early pregnant uterus, containing the primordial placenta and embryo. Maternal PolyI:C exposure was associated with decreased expression of the maternally imprinted genes Mest, Sfrp2, and Dlk1, which encode proteins critical for placental growth. Exposure of pregnant dams to PolyI:C during early pregnancy reduced fetal growth trajectories throughout gestation, concomitant with smaller placentas, and altered placental structure at midgestation. No detectable changes in placental hemodynamics were observed, as determined by ultrasound biomicroscopy. An antiviral response was not evident in rat trophoblast stem (TS) cells following exposure to PolyI:C, or to certain PolyI:C-induced cytokines including IL-6. However, TS cells expressed high levels of type I IFNR subunits (Ifnar1 and Ifnar2) and responded to IFN-⍺ by increasing expression of IFN-stimulated genes and decreasing expression of genes associated with the TS stem state, including Mest. IFN-⍺ also impaired the differentiation capacity of TS cells. These results suggest that an antiviral inflammatory response in the conceptus during early pregnancy impacts TS cell developmental potential and causes latent placental development and reduced fetal growth.
Creating an Interprofessional Education Experience Through Short-Term Study Abroad
Authors: Manspeaker Sarah A. , Wallace Sarah E. 
Published: December 2019

Context
Student interest in and national recognition for the value of global education is expanding. Opportunities for interprofessional education (IPE) are a required component of athletic training education and education of other health care professions.

Objective
To describe the development of a short-term study abroad IPE course in the international setting of Australia.

Background
While some literature is available for discipline-specific study abroad experiences, limited information is available for implementing IPE in the international setting.

Description
Two faculty leaders from athletic training and speech language pathology, with IPE experience, designed and conducted a 17-day immersive study abroad experience for 12 students from 7 health care professional programs (athletic training, nursing, physical therapy, physician assistant studies, premedical, occupational therapy, and speech language pathology).

Clinical Advantage
Students desire unique, global learning experiences but may have trouble studying abroad for full semesters due to the lockstep nature of curriculum within their professional education programs. Having students learn from, with, and about each other in an international setting may enhance their preparation for collaborative practice.

Conclusions
Short-term study abroad opportunities offer an alternative to satisfy student interest in global education while meeting programmatic requirements for IPE. Inclusion of faculty leaders from different disciplines fosters interprofessional learning.
Belang van openbare infrastructuur binnen de Wet Markt en Overheid
Authors: Belhadj Ekram 
Published: December 2019

Belang van openbare infrastructuur binnen de Wet Markt en Overheid
In 2016 stelde de ACM vast dat de gemeente Hellevoetsluis bij de exploitatie van ligplaatsen in boxen in een aantal havens in strijd met artikel 25i lid 1 Mededingingswet de integrale kosten niet had doorberekend. De kern van deze zaak is welke kosten tot de integrale kosten moeten worden gerekend. De discussiepunten vormen de kosten van de publieke haveninfrastructuur en de vermogenskosten van het water waarin de ligplaatsen liggen. Het punt dat in deze annotatie wordt belicht betreft de kosten van de publieke haveninfrastructuur die naar het oordeel van het College ten dele bij de integrale kosten berekend moeten worden.
A mídia cinemática sob a ótica docente: um estudo sobre o ensino de História na cidade do Rio Grande/RS
Authors: Soares Luiz Paulo da Silva , Chaigar Vânia Alves Martins 
Published: December 2019

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar alguns resultados referente a investigação desenvolvida no mestrado em Educação no período 2015-2017. Buscamos compreender quais foram as concepções de professores sobre as mídias cinemáticas e que papéis atribuem no ensino de História na cidade do Rio Grande/RS. Para tanto, utilizamos como empiria questionários semiestruturados e respondidos por 26 professores da rede básica de ensino público e entrevistas, sendo cinco desse grupo de pesquisados. A metodologia utilizada para desenvolver a investigação foi de cunho quanti-qualitativo, cujos dados obtidos são descritos como significativos, densos e de uma riqueza de informações. Para realizar o desenvolvimento da investigação, optamos pelo método de análise de conteúdo proposto por Laurence Bardin (2012). A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada nos dois instrumentos utilizados para coletar os dados empíricos: os questionários semiestruturados e as entrevistas orais. E os resultados encontrados durante o percurso investigativo revelaram a compreensão de uma mídia cinemática que se configura como uma fonte histórica e, como tal, capaz de desenvolver os conteúdos de História, bem como o seu caráter educativo e gerador de habilidades cognitivas como análise, interpretação, reflexão, além de proporcionar a ampliação dos sentidos estéticos dos estudantes. Ratificamos, portanto, que a mídia cinemática na sala de aula é mais do que uma ferramenta didática, pois envolve questões subjetivas, históricas, políticas e estéticas que exigem que o professor a conheça bem para explorar suas potencialidades educativas.
Experimental Study of Railway Trackbed Pressure Distribution Under Dynamic Loading
Authors: Sysyn Mykola , Kovalchuk Vitalii , Nabochenko Olga , Kovalchuk Yuri , Voznyak Oleg 
Published: December 2019

Reliable and durable operation of the railway track under the dynamic load of the rolling stock depends considerably on the ability of the ballast layer to get the load from the sleepers and distribute it to the subgrade. In this paper, the experimental study of the distribution properties of the ballast layer under the impact of dynamic loading depending on the density of the ballast layer is carried out. The ballast behaviour during load cycles is estimated by pressure measurements at the ballast prism base along the axis of a sleeper with simultaneous video observation of the ballast particles movement through transparent sidewalls of the box with crushed stone. Measurements of pressure distribution are carried out with the developed microcontroller system of measurements and developed load cells. The system allows performing multi-point measurements of stress in combination with measurements of acceleration and photogrammetry. The results of measurements showed a significant effect of the ballast layer consolidation on the distribution of stresses under the sleeper. The performed research opens up opportunities for practical improvement of the existing types of track structures and the technology of the ballast layer tamping in terms to provide the optimal conditions for the ballast layer operation.
Formation and Diachronic Changes of Placental Scars in the House Shrew (Suncus murinus)
Authors: Nakano Kyosuke , Mekada Kazuyuki 
Published: December 2019

In the present study, diachronic changes in fresh and stained placental scars of postpartum house shrews (Suncus murinus) were studied and compared with the actual number of offspring. In non- stained fresh uteri, the placental scars were barely visible externally, except in some exceptional cases. In stained uteri, placental scars were observed in all specimens, even in the oldest animals evaluated (12 months postpartum). The study estimated the number of offspring and time of parturition using the degree of staining in the scars and the change in their forms. As the time postpartum increased, the stained placental scars became discoloured and shrank, making it difficult to distinguish between the scars from normal parturition and those that formed following halted development after implantation. Placental scars provided an invaluable method for estimating the female reproductive state in wild mammals. In captive house shrews, however, placental scars were barely detected in non- stained fresh uteri. Moreover, placental scars were observed in older animals at 12 months postpartum. It can be concluded that, it is not feasible to estimate the number of offspring or time of parturition based on placental scars in wild shrews, which are believed to undergo multiple parturitions a year.
Potential of Five Local Plant as Protectant against Hide Beetle, Dermestes maculatus Degeer Infesting Dry Cat Fish; Clarias gariepinus Burchell
Authors: Jatau A. , Majeed Q. , Yahaya M. A. , Sokoto M. B. 
Published: December 2019

Efficacy of varying amounts of five selected local plant namely : Balanite aegyptiaca, Eugenia aromatica, Piper guineense, Ocimum gratisimum, and Ziziphus mauratania against the mortality, oviposition, progeny emergence and weight loss of dried fish due to infestation by Dermestes maculatus was studied under ambient conditions. The plant were pulverised into powders and applied as 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 g per 50 g of dried fish. Three pairs of newly emerged adults by were inoculated into each of the treated fish in a beaker, arranged in a Complete Randomized Design in the laboratory. The result showed all the plant powders tested evoked significant mortalities of adults at the highest concentration (6) after 3 and 7 days of post-treatment when compared with untreated control. The rate of oviposition was drastically suppressed by all plant powders, especially at higher concentration. The number of adults emerged were significantly lower than control at (p>0.05). Similarly, all the plant's powders significantly prevented weight loss at highest concentration after 12 weeks of post-treatment periods. These results have shown that tested plants demonstrated potential ability against adults hide beetle infesting dried fish.
Comparative Observation of the Use of Combi 10 and Filter Paper in the Diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium Infections
Authors: Obisike V. U. , Ikpe F. O. , Amuta E. U. 
Published: December 2019

Urinary Schistosomiasis is neglected tropical disease (NTDs) caused by the trematode, Schistosoma haematobium. This Study was designed to comparatively observe the use of Combi 10 and filter paper in the diagnosis of Schistosoma hameatobium, and to determine the prevalence and intensity of the Infection among Primary School Pupils in Makurdi Metropolis. A survey involving 202 pupils from four different primary schools within the Makurdi Metropolis was conducted. Urine samples were collected from pupils between the ages 5 to 19 and examined for hematuria and Ova of Schistosoma haematobium using Medi Test Combi 10 and Polycarbonate Filters in Urine Syringe Filtration Technique (USFT) respectively. The prevalence of Schistosoma haematobium based on microscopic examination of Filter papers was 25.7% while prevalence of Hematuria was 35%. Prevalence of Proteinuria was observed to be 50% Infection Intensity varied from Light to heavy. In general infection was higher among males (26.3%) than females (25.8%; P>0.05) although statistically non-significant. The age specific prevalence ranged from 11.1% to 40% in 5-9 years and 15-19 years respectively (P >0.05), and showed no significant difference. There was also a strong positive correlation between the use Medi-test Combi 10 reagent strips and Poly membrane Filtration technique. A total of 111 urine samples were positive to haematuria using combi 10 while only 52 urine samples were positive to S. haematobium using poly membrane filter paper, hence correlation is significant at 0.05 level. The above finding shows that S. haematobiumis prevalent among primary school pupils and the use of Combi 10 and Filter paper are both diagnostic tools that can be used in S. haematobium diagnosis. They can both ascertain the prevalence of the disease will provide a guide for the treatment and eradicating of the infection. Hence, decisive control measures including administration of praziquantel to pupils are needed.
Foetal Wastage at the Oja-tuntun Slaughterhouse in Ogbomoso Town, South Western Nigeria: A Three Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Anyaku Caesar E. , Ajagun Ebele J. , Oshagbemi Abisola O. 
Published: December 2019

Aim: This survey was carried out to determine the prevalence of foetal wastage amongst cattle and goat; and its associated economic loss.
Study Design: A retrospective survey was carried out using the abattoir records of Owode Veterinary Hospital, Ogbomoso, were relevant data relating to foetal wastage was retrieved.
Place and Duration: The study was conducted in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria from January 2014 to December 2016.
Methodology: A three year retrospective survey (January 2014 to December 2016) based on the Veterinary Hospital records were used to determine the extent of foetal wastage as well as associated economic loss.
Results: A total of 11,903 cattle comprising 8,482 (71.3%) males and 3,421 (28.7%) females; 1,269 goats comprising of 791 (62.3%) males and 78 (37.7%) females were slaughtered over the study period. A total of 244 foetuses (cows) and 55 foetuses (does) were recovered during the period of study with a calculated prevalence rate of 7.1 and 11.5% respectively. Analysis of the economic loss over the study period was estimated at approximately N25,254,000 ($69,762) and N440,000 ($1,215) for cattle and goats respectively. With a calculated average annual loss of N8,418,000 to foetal wastage which is too huge for any developing country.
Conclusion: Reoccurring slaughter of gravid females and its resultant high foetal wastage must be discouraged; so as to meet demand for meat and meat-related products as well as boost the nation’s economy. Hence the need for all hands to be on deck to develop as well as implement local strategies aimed at reducing future economic losses.
A Preliminary Study on the Batraco-herpetological Fauna in the Forest Refuge of Albertine Rift, the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Authors: Mali Franck Masudi Muenye , Laudisoit Anne , Yendema Michel Komba , Babangenge Gabriel Badjedjea , Mukobya Morgan , Ewango Corneille , Katuala Pionus , Akaibe Dudu , Bongo Gédéon Ngiala , Anio Justin Asimonio , Ngbolua Jean Paul Koto-te-Nyiwa , Tungaluna Gembu 
Published: December 2019

Aims: Amphibians and reptiles of the Albertine Rift in the Congolese part of the country are poorly documented. The objective of this research was to perform a preliminary inventory of the diversity of amphibians and reptiles in the region.
Study Design: This study was designed following scientific expeditions related to studies on chimpanzees. Litterature search revealed that amphibians and reptiles are poorly documented in these habitats.
Place and Duration of Study: Amphibians and reptiles were collected in 12 days between April and May 2017 in Dzu (N01.94753°; E030.88848°), Dzoo (N01.92742°; E030.89179°), Nzerku 3 (N01.94119°; E030.90612°) and Nzonzo (N01.90352°; E30.91030°).
Methodology: To collect amphibians and reptiles, we used the most minimally invasive method. This method consists of capturing 1 specimen for a known species and a maximum of 5 specimens for those for an unknown species. The surplus specimens were released into their environment. During the night between 7 pm and 9 pm, amphibians were captured by hand using a flashlight. Snakes had been captured using the snake stick. All captured specimens were scanned with a camera and then identified using amphibian and snake species identification keys. Necropsies (tongue and muscle tissue) stored in Eppendorf tubes containing alcohol (90-75%). Specimens had been fixed with formaldehyde (10%), before being preserved in alcohol (75%) in the long term. Tissues were shipped for molecular analysis to the University of Texas (United States).
Results: In the four study sites, 149 amphibian specimens were collected, consisting of 19 species, 9 genera and 8 families. According to the reptiles, 27 specimens divided into 21 species grouped into 19 genera and 11 families were recorded.
Conclusion: The batraco-herpetological fauna in the Albertine Rift in Ituri province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo is rich and diversified, hence this deserves the attention of other researchers.
Phytodiversity Analysis of Tree Species of Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary (KWLS), Odisha, India
Authors: Saravanan R. , Sujana K. A. , Kannan D. 
Published: December 2019

Aim: The study aimed to investigate tree diversity in Kuldiha wildlife sanctuary of Odisha. Twenty (20) plots of 100 sqm each were established in three different disturbed zones within the forest.
Methodology: Important quantitative analysis such as density, frequency and abundance of tree species were determined along with the diversity indices which would give a better understanding of the forest structure.
Results: The study revealed a total of 118 tree species of 95 genera distributed in 39 families, were recorded in the different study areas of the forest. From the distribution index it was seen that nearly 80% of the species showed contiguous distribution in the core area. The buffer zone exhibited maximum proportion of the species (25%) with random distribution. In tree species, the value of species richness (Dmg) was highest in core area (14.852) and lowest in periphery area (7.114). The value of species diversity (H’) in tree species was highest in core area (4.332) and lowest in periphery area (3.115). Simpson index of dominance was calculated by using the important value of the plant species which showed minor variation within the study site. The value of dominance (D) in tree species was found to be highest in core area 0.982) and lowest in periphery area (0.931).
Conclusion: The forest of KWLS harbours a rich diversity of flora and these diversity indices would give an important insight on laying the conservation strategies in this forest.
Hubble Constant Tension in Terms of Information Approach
Authors: Menin Boris 
Published: December 2019

Aims: The purpose of this work is to formulate the theoretically justified information approach to analyze different methods of measuring Hubble’s constant, and to verify their advantages and disadvantages.
Place and Duration of Study: Mechanical & Refrigeration Consultation Expert, between June 2019 and November 2019.
Methodology: Due to the fact that any measurement model contains a certain amount of information about the studied object, comparative uncertainty is introduced, by which the least achievable relative uncertainty when measuring the Hubble constant is calculated.
Results: The experimental results of measuring the Hubble constant presented in the scientific literature are analyzed using the proposed information approach.
Conclusion: The information approach can be considered as an additional look at the Hubble constant tension. Most likely, this will help to understand the current situation and identify possible specific ways to solve it.
Takagi‐Sugeno tracking control of a fermentation process with respect to asymmetric constraints
Authors: Abyad Mohamed , Karama Asma , Khallouq Abdelmounaim 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis article deals with the tracking problem for nonlinear biological process with asymmetric constraints on the controller. Using the fuzzy logic Takagi‐Sugeno (TS), the nonlinear process is modeled by a fuzzy model and a parallel distributed compensation (PDC) controller with respect asymmetric constraints is designed. The main contribution of this work is to extend the available results, in the context of a TS formulation, for symmetrical constraints to asymmetrical ones. Hence, sufficient conditions are obtained for the first time, in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), for the existence of an asymmetrical constrained PDC controller. Moreover, fuzzy observer based controller with unmeasured premise variables is designed. The performance and effectiveness of the method are illustrated in simulation by considering a fermentation process.
Room‐Temperature Crosslinkable Natural Polymer Binder for High‐Rate and Stable Silicon Anodes
Authors: Ryu Jaegeon , Kim Sungho , Kim Jimin , Park Sooham , Lee Seungho , Yoo Seokkeun , Kim Jangbae , Choi Nam‐Soon , Ryu Ja‐Hyoung , Park Soojin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNatural polymers with abundant side functionalities are emerging as a promising binder for high‐capacity yet large‐volume‐change silicon anodes with a strong and reversible supramolecular interaction that originates from secondary bonding. However, the supramolecular network solely based on hydrogen bonding is relatively vulnerable to repeated deformation and has an insufficient diffusivity of lithium ions. Herein, reported is a facile but efficient way of incorporating the natural polymers with an ionically conductive crosslinker, which can construct a robust network for silicon anodes. The boronic acid in the crosslinker spontaneously reacts with natural polymers to generate boronic esters at room temperature without any kind of triggers, which gives a strong and dynamic covalent bonding to the supramolecular network. The other component in the crosslinker, polyethylene oxide, contributes to the enhanced ionic conductivity of polymers, leading to outstanding rate performances even at a high mass loading of silicon nanoparticles (>2 mg cm−2). The small portion of the proposed crosslinker can modulate the strength of the entire network by balancing the covalent crosslinking and self‐healing secondary interaction along with the fast lithium‐ion diffusion, thus enabling the extended operation of silicon electrodes.