bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic multiparameter Backus–Gilbert method—Application to density inversion
Authors: Kaplunov Noami , Hofstede Coen , Zigone Dimitri , Eisen Olaf , Kennett Brian L N , Fichtner Andreas 
Published: December 2024

SUMMARY
We present an adaptation of the Backus–Gilbert method that enables (i) the incorporation of arbitrary prior knowledge and (ii) the solution of multiparameter inverse problems, providing a tunable balance between spatial resolution, inference errors and interparameter trade-offs. This yields a powerful approach for solving a class of inverse problems where the forward relation is linear or weakly nonlinear. The method rests on a probabilistic reformulation of Backus–Gilbert inversion and the solution of an optimization problem that maximizes deltaness while minimizing interparameter trade-offs. Applying the theory to multimode surface wave dispersion data collected by distributed acoustic sensing on the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream, we show that density in the firn layer may be constrained directly and without the need for scaling relations to depths of around ten metres, provided that dispersion data up to at least the third overtone of Rayleigh waves are available in the $\sim$10–50 Hz frequency band. The limiting factor that prevents the resolution of density at greater depth is data quality. Hence, progress on the direct inference of density could be made by repeated experiments or higher signal-to-noise ratios that would require better coupling and shielding of fibre-optic cables from wind and temperature fluctuations.
A Neighbourhood-oriented approach to foster healthy ageing in low socioeconomic older adults: development and protocol for evaluation through intervention mapping
Authors: Duijsens Lieke J E , Lechner Lilian , Peels Denise A , Bolman Catherine A W 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The rapid ageing of our society poses significant challenges, including an increase in chronic diseases and loneliness among older adults, leading to higher demands for care and support. Addressing these needs requires an integral approach, especially among older adults with low socioeconomic status (SES). This article details the development of the Neighbourhood Active & Connected (NAC) intervention, using the Intervention Mapping framework to expand an evidence-based physical activity intervention into a neighbourhood-oriented, holistic and systemic strategy for healthy ageing. NAC focuses on enhancing physical activity, social connectedness, and digital literacy. It was developed through co-creation with local stakeholders and low-SES older adults, ensuring optimal alignment with their needs and capabilities. Performance and change objectives were established based on literature consultation and an extensive need assessment, with intervention materials refined through engagement with the target group. The results of a large-scale cluster randomised controlled trial will be utilised to evaluate NAC’s impact on physical activity, loneliness, social cohesion, health-related quality of life, and digital literacy among low-SES community-dwelling older adults. This paper aims to provide a detailed roadmap for researchers and practitioners to adapt, implement and evaluate similar interventions, promoting healthy ageing in low socio-economic contexts.
Telomere-to-telomere, gap-free genome of mung bean (Vigna radiata) provides insights into domestication under structural variation
Authors: Jia Kai-Hua , Li Guan , Wang Longxin , Liu Min , Wang Zhi-Wei , Li Ru-Zhi , Li Lei-Lei , Xie Kun , Yang Yong-Yi , Tian Ru-Mei , Chen Xue , Si Yu-Jun , Zhang Xiao-Yan , Song Feng-Jing , Li Lianzheng , Li Na-Na 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Mung bean (Vigna radiata), an essential annual legume, holds substantial value in global agriculture due to its short growth cycle, low input requirements, and nutritional benefits. Despite extensive domestication, the genetic mechanisms underlying its morphological and physiological evolution remain incompletely understood. In this study, we present a gap-free, telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of the mung bean cultivar 'Weilv-9', achieved through the integration of PacBio HiFi, Oxford Nanopore, and Hi-C sequencing technologies. The 500 Mb assembly, encompassing 11 chromosomes and containing 28,740 protein-coding genes, reveals that 49.17% of the genome comprises repetitive sequences. Within the genome, we found the recent amplification of transposable elements significantly impacts the expression of nearby genes. Furthermore, integrating structural variation and SNP data from resequencing, we identified that the fatty acid synthesis, suberin biosynthetic, and phenylpropanoid metabolic processes have undergone strong selection during domestication. These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms driving domestication and offer a foundation for future genetic enhancement and breeding programs in mung beans and related species.
Provider Education and Clinical Decision Support Tool Improve Proficiency in Advanced Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Dulai Parambir S , Johnson Elizabeth , Cox Kenny , Eldasher Lobna M , Theriault Nicolette 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite the growing availability of advanced medical therapies for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), significant gaps remain in treatment initiation. Targeted education and point-of-care clinical decision support may address this gap and lead to improved patient outcomes.

Methods
A multiphase IBD-focused provider education and decision support program spanning 10 years was developed consisting of (1) symposia-based education (n = 1101 learners; 2014 to 2019), (2) point-of-care education (n = 8547 learners) with clinical decision support tool (CDST) deployment (n = 11 940 users, n = 954 learners; 2019 to 2023), and (3) data-driven platform optimization (2024). Modifications were made through qualitative learner and user surveys, crowdsourced cases to guide implementation, and quantitative data metrics. A matched prepost methodology for testing was used for learners, and a key outcome measure was impact on mastery defined as correctness and confidence for scenario-based questions.

Results
Symposia-based education significantly improved provider knowledge, competence, and confidence for all learning domains except shared decision making and treatment selection. Based on learner data and qualitative provider feedback, a freely accessible web-based platform was launched (IBD CDST; www.CDSTforIBD.com). The platform had significant positive impacts on knowledge, competence, confidence, practice, and clinical decision-making learning domains, including shared decision-making. A greater than 200% increase in mastery was observed because of the educational platform model. The impact was consistent for physicians and advanced practice providers.

Conclusions
We have built a freely accessible web-based decision support tool platform for advanced medical therapy selection in IBD that significantly improved provider mastery in decision-making for advanced medical therapies.
Private law subjects in European mini-publics
Authors: Hesselink Martijn W 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article explores viable paths towards a more radically democratic European private law. In particular, it argues that European private law should catch the deliberative wave. To this end, the article proposes the introduction of deliberative citizens’ assemblies and citizens’ panels in the context of EU private-law making, especially its reform. The argument is grounded in the dialectical relationship between the private autonomy of persons as European legal subjects (individual self-determination) and their public autonomy as European citizens (collective self-determination). However, on the same grounds, the article also cautions against possible exclusionary effects of mini-publics constituted through sortition towards members of marginalized groups, which could end up undermining both individual and collective self-determination.
Numerical methods for computing the discrete and continuous Laplace transforms
Authors: Zhang Yupeng , Shen Yueyang , Zhang Rongqian , Liu Yuyao , Guo Yunjie , Deng Daxuan , Dinov Ivo D 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Laplace transform (LT) and its inverse (ILT) play vital roles in contemporary data science, probability modelling, statistical inference and spacekime analytics. For some complex functions, noisy data or incomplete observations, there are challenges with computing LT and ILT. This article reports on new numerical algorithms for computing the forward and inverse LT. The technique is applicable to both continuous functions and discrete signals, and yields computationally efficient and analytically robust results. We review a Meijer-G symbolic approach to compute the LT and test the LT and ILT on discrete data and on analytic functions with known exact transforms. We also report empirical evidence of the asymptotic behaviour of the expectation of the smallest singular value of the LT matrix, $\mathbb{E}(\sigma _{n}(\mathbf{A})) \sim \frac{1}{n^\gamma }$ for some $\gamma \in (0,2)$. Our analysis of the smallest singular values of the random matrix emerging in the ILT algorithm indicates that under certain assumptions, the matrix can be bounded. Random phase sampling independent of the radial strategy may violate isotropicities of the random matrix. This LT/ILT technique is applicable to analytical functions as well as observational signals. The article also proposes a Clifford algebra approach for generalizing the LT to higher dimensional space-time processes.
Spectral Instability of Coverings
Authors: Ballmann Werner , Mondal Sugata 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study the behaviour of eigenvalues, below the bottom of the essential spectrum, of the Laplacian under finite Riemannian coverings of complete and connected Riemannian manifolds. We define spectral stability and instability of such coverings. Among others, we provide necessary conditions for stability or, equivalently, sufficient conditions for instability.
Decline of Antibodies to Major Viral and Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lorenz Natalie , James Alex , Van Rooyen Tiaan , Paterson Aimee , Ramiah Ciara , Carlton Lauren H , Sharma Prachi , Baker Michael G , Charlewood Richard , McGregor Reuben , Moreland Nicole J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Surges in infections caused by respiratory pathogens have been documented in multiple settings after relaxation of pandemic restrictions. Antibodies to major antigens from respiratory syncytial virus and group A Streptococcus waned significantly in a longitudinal adult cohort throughout the pandemic. This waning may have contributed to the pathogen-surges that followed.
Temporal dynamics in a red alga dominated geothermal feature in Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Stephens Timothy G , Van Etten Julia , McDermott Timothy , Christian William , Chaverra Martha , Gurney James , Lee Yongsung , Kim Hocheol , Cho Chung Hyun , Chovancek Erik , Westhoff Philipp , Otte Antonia , Northen Trent R , Bowen Benjamin P , Louie Katherine B , Barry Kerrie , Grigoriev Igor V , Mock Thomas , Liu Shao-Lun , Miyagishima Shin-ya , Yoshinaga Masafumi , Weber Andreas P M , Yoon Hwan Su , Bhattacharya Debashish 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Alga-dominated geothermal spring communities in Yellowstone National Park (YNP), USA, have been the focus of many studies, however, relatively little is known about the composition and community interactions which underpin these ecosystems. Our goal was to determine, in three neighboring yet distinct environments in Lemonade Creek, YNP, how cells cope with abiotic stressors over the diurnal cycle. All three environments are colonized by two photosynthetic lineages, Cyanidioschyzon and Galdieria, both of which are extremophilic Cyanidiophyceae red algae. Cyanidioschyzon, a highly specialized obligate photoautotroph, dominated cell counts at all three Lemonade Creek environments. The cell cycle of Cyanidioschyzon in YNP matched that observed in synchronized cultures, suggesting that light availability plays a strong role in constraining growth of this alga in its natural habitat. Surprisingly, the mixotrophic and physiologically more flexible Galdieria, was a minor component of these algal populations. Arsenic detoxification at Lemonade Creek occurred via complementary gene expression by different eukaryotic and prokaryotic lineages, consistent with this function being shared by the microbial community, rather than individual lineages completing the entire pathway. These results demonstrate the highly structured nature of these extreme habitats, particularly regarding arsenic detoxification.
Weak selection for resistance to quorum sensing inhibition during multiple host infection cycles
Authors: Yang Qian , Defoirdt Tom 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) inhibition is a promising novel approach to control bacterial infections. However, it is not clear whether QS inhibition will impose selective pressure for the spread of resistance against QS inhibition in pathogen populations. Previous research tried to answer this question by using synthetic growth media, and this revealed that whether or not resistance will spread completely depends on the environment in which it is studied. Therefore, the spread of resistance should be studied in the environment where it ultimately matters: in vivo during infection of a host. Here, using QS inhibitor-susceptible and -resistant mimics, we show that resistance to QS inhibition does not spread in host-associated populations of Vibrio campbellii during up to 35 cycles of infection and transmission if the initial frequency of the resistance is low in the pathogen population, whereas it further increases to 100% if it is already prevalent. However, even in the latter case, the resistance spreads at a slower pace than resistance to antibiotics spreads under the same conditions.
Three-stage location-routing programming for heavy-duty railway maintenance machinery base based on multi-factor combined weights
Authors: Wang Jin , Qiu Shi , Yang Bobo , Zaheer Qasim , Wang Weidong , Sun Ying , Liu Xianhua , Xiao Chunzhong , Ge Hanzhang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
An imperative shift toward a scientific and methodical approach has become increasingly essential when deliberating the placement of maintenance bases for robust railway machinery dedicated to heavy-duty tasks. This article addresses the need for a systematic approach to placing maintenance bases for heavy-duty railway machinery. It introduces a meticulously crafted three-stage location-routing paradigm that factors in both qualitative and quantitative determinants. This approach optimizes routing strategies for the machinery while constructing an evaluative framework for base placement. An evaluative index is created by merging relevant qualitative and quantitative elements, using an enhanced game theory methodology combined with the evidential analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method to balance subjective and objective considerations. The model’s complexity is handled with an improved genetic algorithm and a hybrid ant colony algorithm, effectively addressing location and routing interactions. Practical implementation and case studies validate the model’s and algorithm’s efficacy, confirming their applicability in real-world scenarios.
Utopian Design Space: Practical Concerns and Transformative Ambitions
Authors: Engelbutzeder Philip , Jahn Leonie , Berns Katie , Kirschsieper Dennis , Wulf-Miskati Daniel , Schäfer Franka , Randall Dave , Wulf Volker 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Interconnected global crises have emphasized the need for alternative visions of the future, making transformative action urgent. Consequently, Sustainable Human–Computer Interaction (SHCI) has seen growing interest in exploring means to support radical and sustainable change, starting with grassroots, community-driven endeavors. This study explores the concept of Utopian Design Space (UDS) in the context of surplus redistribution in grassroots communities. The objective is to understand how practical concerns and transformative ambitions intersect, creating spaces that foster sharing and caring practices. Through action-oriented research, we examine six local projects, highlighting ICT’s role in these initiatives. Our findings highlight the challenges and opportunities in managing values, scalability, sustainability and inclusivity within UDSs. We discuss how aligning ICT with community practices can foster socio-technical innovation and support transformative change, introducing the notion of prefigurative technology. These insights can help us envisage design spaces that foster utopian ideas like equitable resource distribution and generalized reciprocity.
Ambient artificial intelligence scribes: utilization and impact on documentation time
Authors: Ma Stephen P , Liang April S , Shah Shreya J , Smith Margaret , Jeong Yejin , Devon-Sand Anna , Crowell Trevor , Delahaie Clarissa , Hsia Caroline , Lin Steven , Shanafelt Tait , Pfeffer Michael A , Sharp Christopher , Garcia Patricia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To quantify utilization and impact on documentation time of a large language model-powered ambient artificial intelligence (AI) scribe.

Materials and Methods
This prospective quality improvement study was conducted at a large academic medical center with 45 physicians from 8 ambulatory disciplines over 3 months. Utilization and documentation times were derived from electronic health record (EHR) use measures.

Results
The ambient AI scribe was utilized in 9629 of 17 428 encounters (55.25%) with significant interuser heterogeneity. Compared to baseline, median time per note reduced significantly by 0.57 minutes. Median daily documentation, afterhours, and total EHR time also decreased significantly by 6.89, 5.17, and 19.95 minutes/day, respectively.

Discussion
An early pilot of an ambient AI scribe demonstrated robust utilization and reduced time spent on documentation and in the EHR. There was notable individual-level heterogeneity.

Conclusion
Large language model-powered ambient AI scribes may reduce documentation burden. Further studies are needed to identify which users benefit most from current technology and how future iterations can support a broader audience.
Heritability estimates and genetic and phenotypic correlations of skin thickness and skin temperature with key production traits in FocusPrime, Texel, Romney and Highlander sheep
Authors: Graña-Baumgartner Andrea , Dukkipati Venkata S R , Biggs Patrick J , Kenyon Paul R , Blair Hugh T , Pickering Natalie K , Van der Linden Danitsja S , López-Villalobos Nicolás 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Skin thickness was found to be moderately heritable and genetically associated with lamb survival in a previous study on Romney sheep. The aims of this study were to estimate the heritabilities of skin thickness and skin temperature at around five and 11 months of age, and determine genetic and phenotypic correlations between them and with production traits such as fat depth, loin-eye muscle depth and width, live weights at weaning, scanning, and 12 months, and 12-month fleece weight, in FocusPrime (n=2,088), Texel (n=732), Romney (n=825) and Highlander (n=1,801) sheep breeds. Heritability estimates of skin thickness at 5-month old were moderate in FocusPrime (0.39 ± 0.12) and low in Texel and Highlander (0.11 ± 0.15 and 0.13 ± 0.09, respectively). Heritability estimates of skin thickness at 11-month old were moderate in all breeds (ranged from 0.19 ± 0.07 to 0.29 ± 0.15). Heritability estimates of skin temperature were high in FocusPrime (0.39 ± 0.11), low in Texel (0.17 ± 0.11) and Highlander (0.12 ± 0.06) and almost zero in Romney (0.04 ± 0.03). A tendency in all breeds for negative and favourable correlations was found between skin thickness and skin temperature at 11-month old sheep. Skin thickness at 11-months tended to have a positive genetic correlation with fat depth in all breeds except in Texel where the correlation tended to be negative (-0.10 ± 0.34). Genetic correlations of skin thickness at 11-month old with the weight traits were variate. There tended to be a positive correlation with weaning weight in Texel (0.14 ± 0.34) and Highlander (0.29 ± 0.22). However, there tended to be negative correlations with live weight at scanning and at 12-month of age in FocusPrime (-0.03 ± 0.18 and -0.13 ± 0.22 , respectively) and tended to be positive in Romney (0.09 ± 0.25 and 0.10 ± 0.24, respectively) and Highlander (0.26 ± 0.22 and 0.39 ± 0.21, respectively). Moreover, genetic correlations of skin thickness at 11-month of age with FW12 tended to be positive in both Romney (0.20 ± 0.22) and Highlander (0.55 ± 0.19). Further studies on the genetic correlations of skin thickness and skin temperature with lamb survival in these breeds are warranted.
Effects of increasing supplemental zinc to non-implanted and implanted finishing steers
Authors: Messersmith Elizabeth M , Hansen Stephanie L 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The effects of supplemental Zn within steroidal implant strategy on performance, carcass characteristics, trace mineral status, and muscle gene expression were tested in a 59-d study using 128 Angus-crossbred steers (492 ± 29 kg) in a 2 × 4 complete randomized design. Implant strategies included no implant (NoIMP) or Component TE-200 (TE200; Elanco, Greenfield, IN) administered on day 0. Zinc was supplemented at 0, 30, 100, or 150 mg Zn/kg dry matter (Zn0, Zn30, Zn100, Zn150, respectively) from ZnSO4. Steers were stratified by body weight (BW) to pens (n = 5 or 6 steers/pen) equipped with GrowSafe bunks (GrowSafe Systems Ltd., Airdrie, AB, Canada) and assigned treatments (n = 15, 16, or 17 steers/treatment). Cattle were weighed on days −1, 0, 18, and 59 with blood collected on days −1, 18, 40, and 59. Muscle samples were collected from the longissimus thoracis on day 11 and liver samples were collected on day 55 or 56. Data were analyzed using the Mixed Procedure of SAS via contrast statements testing the linear and quadratic response to Zn supplementation within implant treatment and NoIMP vs. TE200 for performance, carcass, blood, and liver parameters. Specific contrast statements were formed for the analysis of gene expression in muscle including: Zn0 vs. Zn150 within NoIMP and TE200, NoIMP vs. TE200 (Zn0 and Zn150 only), and the linear effect of supplementing Zn0, Zn100, and Zn150 within TE200. Steer was the experimental unit. Day 18 BW and days 0 to 18 average daily gain (ADG) were linearly increased due to Zn supplementation within TE200 (P ≤ 0.002) in conjunction with a linear increase from Zn in day 11 muscle epidermal growth factor receptor, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and phosphodiesterase 4B gene expression of TE200 steers (P ≤ 0.05). Plasma Zn on days 18 and 40 linearly increased with increasing Zn supplementation regardless of implant treatment (P ≤ 0.03) and was lesser for TE200 than NoIMP steers on day 18 (P = 0.001). Day 59 BW and hot carcass weight (HCW) were greater for TE200 vs. NoIMP (P ≤ 0.002) and HCW of implanted steers tended to linearly increase with increasing Zn supplementation (P = 0.09). No effects of Zn supplementation were observed in NoIMP for HCW, BW, or ADG (P ≥ 0.17). Yield grade and 12th rib fat tended to quadratically decrease within NoIMP (P ≤ 0.09), with Zn100 being the most lean. These data indicate increasing supplemental Zn influences steroidal implant signaling machinery while increasing the Zn status and implant-induced growth of feedlot cattle.