bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to assess ventriculoarterial coupling in sepsis
Authors: Pinsky Michael R. , Guarracino Fabio 
Published: April 2020

Purpose of review
We will highlight the role of ventriculoarterial coupling in the pathophysiology of sepsis and how to assess it.

Recent findings
Most septic patients show a ventriculoarterial uncoupling at the time of diagnosis with arterial elastance (E
a) greater than left ventricle (LV) end-systolic elastance (E
es), often despite arterial hypotension. Ventriculoarterial coupling levels predict the cardiovascular response to resuscitation in this heterogeneously responding population.

Summary
Ventriculoarterial coupling is quantified as the ratio of E
a to E
es. The efficiency of the cardiovascular function is optimal when E
a/E
es is near one. When the hydraulic load of the arterial system is excessive either from increased vasomotor tone, decreased LV contractility or both, E
a/E
es becomes greater than 1 (i.e. ventriculoarterial decoupling), and cardiac efficiency decreases leading to heart failure, loss of volume responsiveness, and if sustained, increased mortality. Noninvasive echocardiographic techniques when linked with arterial pressure monitoring allow for the bedside estimates of both E
a and E
es. Studies using this approach have documented the key role ventriculoarterial coupling has defining initial cardiovascular state, response to therapy and outcome from critical illness. Sequential monitoring of ventriculoarterial coupling at the bedside offers a unique opportunity to assess relevant cardiovascular determinants in septic patients requiring resuscitation.
Carbohydrate composition in breast milk and its effect on infant health
Authors: Berger Paige K. , Plows Jasmine F. , Demerath Ellen W. , Fields David A. 
Published: April 2020

Purpose of review
This narrative review presents the current state of available evidence regarding the role of breast milk carbohydrates on infant outcomes, with a primary focus on growth and body composition.

Recent findings
To date, there is a paucity of available data that exists in this realm. The current literature focuses on the role of two carbohydrate fractions in breast milk, and their relationships with infant outcomes in the first six months of life: oligosaccharides and fructose. A small but growing body of research indicates robust associations of both oligosaccharides and fructose in breast milk with infant weight and length, as well as bone, fat, and lean mass. There is also emerging evidence to support the role of these same carbohydrate fractions in breast milk in infant cognitive development.

Summary
The present state of the science suggests that oligosaccharides and fructose in breast milk play a role in infant growth and body composition and introduces intriguing associations of these two carbohydrate fractions with infant cognitive development as well.
Radiogenomics of magnetic resonance imaging and a new multi-gene classifier for predicting recurrence prognosis in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Tokuda Yukiko , Yanagawa Masahiro , Minamitani Kaori , Naoi Yasuto , Noguchi Shinzaburo , Tomiyama Noriyuki 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
To examine the correlation of qualitative and quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) results with 95-gene classifier or CurebestTM 95-gene classifier Breast (95GC) results for recurrence prediction in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer (ERPBC).
This retrospective study included 78 ERPBC patients (age range, 24–74 years) classified into high- (n = 33) and low- (n = 45) risk groups for recurrence based on 95GC and who underwent DCE-MRI between July 2006 and November 2012. For qualitative evaluation, mass shape, margin, and internal enhancement based on BI-RADS MRI lexicon and multiplicity were determined by consensus interpretation by 2 breast radiologists. For quantitative evaluation, mass size, volume ratios of the DCE-MRI kinetics, and both the kurtosis and the skewness of the intensity histogram for the whole mass in the initial and delayed phases were determined. Differences between the 2 risk-groups were analyzed using univariate logistic regression analyses and multiple logistic regression analyses. Receiver-operating characteristic curve cut-off values were used to define the groups.
As for the qualitative findings, the difference between the 2 groups was not significant. For the quantitative data, the volume ratio of “medium” in the initial phase differed significantly between the 2 groups (P = .049). The volume ratio of “medium” (P = .006) and of “slow-persistent” (P = .005), and the delayed phase kurtosis (P = .012) in the univariate logistic regression analyses, and in the multiple logistic regression, volume ratio of “medium” >38.9% and delayed phase kurtosis >3.31 were identified as significant high-risk indicators (odds ratio, 5.83 and 3.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.58 to 21.42 and 1.24 to 10.15; P = .008 and P = .018, respectively).
A high volume ratio of “medium” in the initial phase and/or high kurtosis in the delayed phase for quantitative evaluation could predict high ERPBC recurrence risk based on 95GC.
Does Tai Chi Chuan improve psychological well-being and quality of life in patients with breast cancer? Protocol for a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Guo Jing , Shen Yifeng , Li Bin , Wang Fei , Jiang Yang , Lin Yi , Chen Jianping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. Treatment for breast cancer can be expensive, painful and can significantly affect the quality of life, leading to various side effects such as depression and anxiety, fatigue, sleep disorders, and cognitive impairment. Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) is the most prominent manifestation of tai chi in Chinese martial arts. TCC has been reported to be potentially effective for health and well-being of both the sick and the healthy. However, it is still controversial whether TCC benefits breast cancer patients. It is therefore of great value to evaluate the effectiveness of TCC on the psychological well-being and quality of life in people with breast cancer.

Methods:
This review will summarize and meta-analyze all relevant randomized controlled trials on TCC in patients with breast cancer in the light of their anxiety, depression and fatigue level, inflammatory cytokine as well as quality of life, sleep quality, and cognitive function. The following electronic databases will be searched: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and Wan Fang Data. The methodologic quality of randomized controlled trials has been assessed using the Cochrane risk assessment tool. All trials included are analyzed according to the criteria of the Cochrane Handbook. Review Manager 5.3, R-3.5.1 software and grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation pro-GDT online software are used for data synthesis and analysis.

Results:
The results of this systematic review will be used to summarize and evaluate the evidence available from randomized controlled clinical trials of TCC as supportive and adjuvant therapy for breast cancer.

Conclusion:
This review will provide a detailed summary of the evidence to assess the effectiveness of TCC for breast cancer.

OSF Registration:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/Z2FSA.
Mycobacterium culturing and drug resistance of osteoarticular tuberculosis in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Hajiaheman Yeerzati , Yang Yi , Shayilanbieke Nuerhanati , Jin Gele 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the strains and drug resistance of mycobacterium isolated from osteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) patients and provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of OATB.
Sixty-nine clinically diagnosed and surgically treated OATB patients were collected in time period of January 2017 to December 2018 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. The BACTEC MGIT 960 system was used for mycobacteria culturing, strain identification, and drug susceptibility testing, and the mycobacteria culture positive rate, species distribution, and drug resistance were analyzed.
Within 4 weeks, 24 (34.78%) isolates of mycobacteria culture were positive; 40 (57.97%) isolates were positive, when culturing time was expanded to 8 weeks, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). Among the 40 isolates, 24 (60%) were identified as mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), 10 (25%) were Mycobacterium bovis, and 6 (15%) were non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Among total 69 isolates, 40 were enrolled in drug sensitivity test, and 15 (37.5%) isolates were confirmed drug resistant strains, in which 5 isolates were MTB, 4 isolates were M. bovis, and 6 isolates of NTM.
The pathogen of clinically diagnosed OATB was mainly MTB. However, M. bovis and NTM also accounted for a considerable proportion, and their drug resistance rate was higher. Extending the culturing time appropriately could improve the culture positive rate. NTM was a drug resistant strain, and mycobacteria culturing, strain identification, and drug resistance analysis should be carried out to serve as a guide for individual treatment.
Comparison of tracheal intubation with controlled ventilation and laryngeal mask airway with spontaneous ventilation for thoracoscopic bullectomy
Authors: Li Xiu-Liang , He Xiang-Bo , Wan Lei , Liu Chun-Quan , Cui Yong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
General anesthesia with double-lumen endobronchial intubation is considered mandatory for thoracoscopic bullectomy. We assessed the safety and feasibility of thoracoscopic bullectomy for treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) under intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) with spontaneous breathing sevoflurane anesthesia combined with thoracic paravertebral block (TPB).
From January 2018 to December 2018, some 34 consecutive patients with PSP were treated by thoracoscopic bullectomy under ILMA with spontaneous breathing sevoflurane anesthesia combined with TPB (study group). To evaluate the safety and feasibility of this new technique, these patients were compared with the control group consisting of 34 consecutive patients with PSP who underwent thoracoscopic bullectomy using tracheal intubation with controlled ventilation from January 2017 to December 2017. The demographic characteristics, intraoperative surgical and anesthetic results, and postoperative results were assessed.
The 2 groups had comparable anesthetic time, operation time, chest drainage time, postoperative hospital stays, and hospitalization cost. Visual analogue score (VAS) scores at 3 hours at rest and at coughing were significantly lower in the study group than in the control group (mean, 0.9 vs 2.0 and 1.8 vs 4.0, P = .024 and P = .006, respectively). No differences were seen in PaO2 values between the 2 groups in the intraoperative stage and postoperative stage (P > .05, respectively). The pH value was significantly lower in the intraoperative stage (mean, 7.28 vs 7.40, P = .01) and higher in the postoperative stage (mean, 7.35 vs 7.33, P = .014) in the study group than in the control group. The PaCO2 value was significantly higher in the intraoperative stage in the study group than in the control group (mean, 57.0 mm Hg vs 42.0 mm Hg, P = .015). In the study group, no cough reflex was found, and the level of collapse of the operative lung was excellent in 31 cases and good in 3 cases.
Our study demonstrated that thoracoscopic bullectomy for treatment of PSP can be safely and feasibly performed in highly selected patients under ILMA with spontaneous breathing sevoflurane anesthesia combined with TPB.
Association between hepatitis B virus infection and risk of osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Xingwen , Huang Rui , Li Xiuxia , Li Ning , Zhang Haijun , Xu Shihong , Li Dingpeng , Xi Shanshan , Yang Kehu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
The potential association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and development of osteoporosis has drawn significant attention from clinicians and researchers in recent years due to the increasing prevalence of HBV infection. This study aims to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to show whether HBV infection is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis.

Methods:
Case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies that report the incidence of osteoporosis, osteoporotic fracture, osteopenia, and bone mineral density level in populations with HBV infection will be selected. Four databases from their inception to October 2019 will be searched. All data were assessed and extracted by 2 authors independently. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale and (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality checklist will be used to assess the quality of the selected studies. Stata 15.1 (Stata Corp, College Station, TX) will be used to conduct meta-analysis.

Result:
The results of this systemic review and meta-analysis will be submitted to a recognized journal for publication.

Conclusion:
This systemic review and meta-analysis will determine whether HBV infection is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis. We hope this review can provide a reliable evidence.

Registration:
PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020140522).
A clinical study of traditional Chinese medicine prolonging the survival of advanced gastric cancer patients by regulating the immunosuppressive cell population
Authors: Pan Xiaoting , Tao Heyun , Nie Mengjun , Liu Yuanjie , Huang Pan , Liu Shenlin , Sun Wei , Wu Jian , Ma Ting , Dai Anwei , Lu Jianwei , Liu Baorui , Zou Xi , Sun Qingmin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common high-mortality disease, causing a serious social burden. Traditional Chinese medicine has been utilized to prevent and treat GC for many years but its effects remain unclear. The aim of our study is to elucidate the anti-tumor effects and the possible mechanism of Jianpi Yangzheng Xiaozheng decoction.

Methods/design:
This is a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial continuing 1.5 years. Two hundred ten eligible patients will be randomly divided into 2 groups, the chemotherapy alone and the chemotherapy combined with JPYZXZ group at a ratio of 1:2. All patients will receive the treatment for 24 weeks and follow up for 1.5 years. The primary outcomes are one-year survival rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS), while the secondary outcomes are immune related hematology test, objective response rate, tumor makers, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome points, fatigue scale, and quality of life scale. All of these outcomes will be analyzed at the end of the trail.

Discussion:
This study will provide the objective evidence for the efficacy and safety of Jianpi Yangzheng Xiaozheng decoction in advanced GC. Furthermore, it will be helpful to form a therapeutic regimen in advanced GC by the combination of traditional medicine and western medicine.

Trail registration: ChiCTR1900028147
Effect of carotenoid encapsulation on antioxidant activities
Authors: de Queiroz Jaluza Luana Carvalho , Medeiros Isaiane , Piuvezam Grasiela , de França Nunes Ana Clara , Gomes Camila Carvalho , Maciel Bruna Leal Lima , de Araújo Morais Ana Heloneida , Passos Thaís Souza 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Carotenoids play essential roles in human health, such as antioxidant activity, and therefore can decrease free radicals oxidation action, preventing numerous diseases. However, these compounds have an unstable nature, turning them susceptible to adverse conditions in food processing and storage. Thereby the search for alternatives that maintain and enhance carotenoid antioxidant function, such as encapsulation, has grown. The objective of this study was to establish a systematic review protocol to evaluate the effect of different encapsulation techniques on the antioxidant action of carotenoids, evaluating which one is the best and safest, and their role in enhancing the antioxidant activity.

Methods:
This protocol was guided by the preferred reporting items for protocols for systematic reviews and meta-analyzes. The databases to be searched are PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Experimental studies conducted in rats and mice (in vivo) of both sexes and ages, evaluating the use of encapsulated and crude carotenoids will be included in the systematic review. The characteristics of the studies, the experimental model, and the main results will be described, and the risk of bias assessment will be evaluated. Three independent reviewers will proceed with the selection of studies, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment. A narrative synthesis will be made for the included studies. Besides, if sufficient qualitative data is available, a meta-analysis will be conducted. I2 statistics will be used to assess heterogeneity.

Results:
This protocol will guide the production of a systematic review that can determine the effect of different encapsulation techniques and encapsulating agents on the antioxidant action of carotenoids. Thus, it will enable the determination of the best encapsulation techniques to promote the preservation and increase of the antioxidant activity, contributing to future research that may reproduce the best carotenoid encapsulation technique in an animal model.

Conclusion:
The systematic review to be produced from this protocol will provide support for the construction of research that evaluates the effect of encapsulation on the antioxidant function of carotenoids and its possible application as a nutraceutical, considering that this functionality is directly associated with health promotion.

Record of systematic review:
This review was recorded in the International Register of Prospective Systematic Reviews on January 22, 2020 (registration: CRD42020142065). Available at: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020142065
Wiedemann-steiner syndrome with a de novo mutation in KMT2A
Authors: Jinxiu Liu , Shuimei Liang , Ming Xue , Jonathan Liu CS. , Xiangju Liu , Wenyuan Duan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WDSTS, online mendelian inheritance in man 605130) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hypertrichosis cubiti. Here, we report a Chinese boy who do not show the characteristic of hypertrichosis cubiti, and was misdiagnosed as blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome at first. We found a de novo frameshift mutation (p.Glu390Lysfs∗10) in the KMT2A gene, which was not reported before. Our study increases the cohort of Chinese WDSTS patients, and expand the WDSTS phenotypic and variation spectrum.

Patient concerns:
The patient demonstrated typical craniofacial features of blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome, including small palpebral fissures, ptosis, telecanthus, and epicanthus inversus, besides he had congenital heart disease (ventricular septal defects), strabismus, hypotonia, amblyopia, delayed speech and language development, delayed psychomotor development, and amblyopia (HP:0000646) which was not reported before.

Diagnosis:

FOXL2 gene was cloned and sequenced, however, there was no mutation detected in this patient. The result of Chromosomal microarray analysis was normal. The patient was diagnosed as WDSTS by whole exome sequencing.

Interventions:
The patient received cardiac surgery, frontalis suspension and regular speech and occupational therapy. He also treated with growth hormone (GH).

Outcomes:
The patient's symptoms are improved after cardiac surgery and frontalis suspension, he can express himself well now and had a 10 cm gain in height.

Lessons:
As the relationship between genotype and phenotype becomes more and more clear, WES is incredibly powerful tool to diagnose the disease of WDSTS.
Colchicine therapy for deep vein thrombosis in a patient with vascular-type Behçet disease
Authors: Nonaka Daishi , Takase Hiroyuki , Machii Masashi , Ohno Kazuto 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Behçet Disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory vasculitis with thrombogenicity and multisystem involvement. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremities is the most frequent manifestation of vascular involvement in BD. The causes of thrombosis vary widely and include congenital predisposition and acquired factors, but of all the thrombosis, the cause is rarely BD. Furthermore, there are few reports of treatment for thrombosis in BD.

Patient concerns:
We herein describe the case of an Asian male patient aged 40 years, admitted to our hospital for left leg pain, edema, and swelling.

Diagnoses:
We confirmed the DVT and pulmonary artery thrombosis (PAT) by contrast computed tomography angiogram. At the same time, the patient developed oral ulcerations and skin lesions consistent with BD.

Interventions:
The patient was initially treated with anticoagulants. However, because the improvement of DVT was inadequate, we added colchicine in anticipation of anti-inflammatory effects. After that, anticoagulation was discontinued, and only colchicine was continuously prescribed.

Outcomes:
We observed an almost complete resolution of DVT and PAT with no recurrence of thrombosis for 6 months after discharge.

Lessons:
This case shows us that we should consider BD as a differential diagnosis of DVT and that colchicine therapy is effective for inflammation-induced thrombosis in BD.
Clinical significance of serum neuron-specific enolase in gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Luo Hai , Shen Kexin , Sun Hongyan , Li Ruiqi , Wang Zeming , Xie Zhongshi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
As a biomarker, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) has been widely recognized in the diagnosis of benign diseases and malignant tumors. This study aimed to investigate the potential diagnostic value of NSE in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.
Serum levels of the NSE were compared between 219 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 298 healthy individuals, NSE and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. Meanwhile, to evaluate the diagnostic capability of NSE, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and area under curve (AUC) was calculated.
In the present study, the median serum NSE level of the patient group was 20.770 ng/mL, which was higher than that of the control group 15.625 ng/mL (P < .05). Serum NSE level in patients group compared with healthy control was statistically significant (P < .05). Serum NSE level was associated with pathological tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) staging, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Besides, the AUC of NSE in gastric adenocarcinoma was 0.742, which was higher than those of the other 3 markers (0.573–0.644). Besides, the AUC of the combined 4 markers was higher than any individual marker (0.778).
Serum NSE detecting may have good value for diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. Besides, the combination of NSE, CEA, CA19–9, and CA242 performed even better than any single marker. Thus, the combined detection of the 4 tumor markers may be more useful for the diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma.