bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review investigating the effectiveness of face mask use in limiting the spread of COVID-19 among medically not diagnosed individuals: shedding light on current recommendations provided to individuals not medically diagnosed with COVID-19
Authors: Marasinghe Keshini Madara 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFace masks are being used by individuals who are not medically diagnosed with COVID-19 as a means to limit the spread of COVID-19 in several countries around the world. While some countries recommend the use of face masks, other countries do not recommend their use to limit the transmission of COVID-19 among this specific population. Because of contradicting recommendations provided by health authorities of different countries, this paper aims to investigate the availability of scientific evidence on the effectiveness of face mask use in limiting the spread of COVID-19 among individuals who are not medically diagnosed with COVID-19 through a systematic review search. This paper will further discuss concerns around current recommendations provided to those who are not medically diagnosed with COVID-19 regarding face mask use in the context of available evidence.MethodsTo carry out the systematic review on the effectiveness of face mask use in limiting the spread of COVID-19 among individuals who are not medically diagnosed with COVID-19, databases Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were searched for relevant studies. Two groups of keywords were combined: those relating to face masks and COVID-19.ResultsThe systematic review search did not find any studies that investigated the effectiveness of face mask use in limiting the spread of this specific virus, COVID-19 among this specific population, those who are not medically diagnosed with COVID-19.ConclusionsIn light of the finding of this systematic review search, which is a lack of scientific evidence on the effectiveness of face masks in limiting the spread of COVID-19 among those who are not medically diagnosed with COVID-19, the significance of this finding is highlighted and extensively discussed in this paper. This paper calls for, but does not limit to; 1) evidence-based recommendations; 2) considerations when providing recommendations in the absence of evidence; 3) evidence and knowledge transparency on current recommendations with the public; 4) global alignment on recommendations; and 5) further research.
A Novel Timing and Frequency Offset Estimation Algorithm for Filtered OFDM System
Authors: Feng Xingle , Wang Mengjie , Chen Li , Zhu Wenxia , Hua Kun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
As a critical technology of 5G air interface waveform, F-OFDM not only inherits the technical advantages of OFDM, but also has outstanding advantages in system flexibility and spectrum efficiency. However, as a multi-carrier technology, it is still extremely sensitive to sample timing offset (STO) and carrier frequency offset (CFO). In this letter, an improved Park frequency domain training sequence (FS-Park) is proposed to complete STO and CFO estimation of F-OFDM system. Firstly, a real-value pseudorandom number (PN) sequence is sent to each subcarrier as training sequence in frequency domain, the corresponding time domain training symbol has a conjugate symmetry structure. Secondly, the training symbol is utilized for timing synchronization, then the fractional frequency offset is estimated based on the cyclic prefix in time domain. Finally, the integer frequency offset is estimated in frequency domain based on the auto-correlation of PN sequence. The simulation results illustrate that the FS-Park algorithm not only has a single pulse timing metric curve and great STO estimation accuracy, but also has better performance of CFO estimation than classical Park algorithm and Liang Xiao's method.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection during late pregnancy: A Report of 18 patients from Wuhan, China
Authors: Zhang Lu , Dong Lan , Ming Lei , Wei Min , Li Jun , Hu Ruheng , Yang Jing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Compared with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome(MESR), Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) spread more rapidly and widely. The population was generally susceptible. However, reports on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 were very limited. By sharing the clinical characteristics, treatments and outcomes of 18 patients with COVID-19 during late pregnancy, we hoped to provide some references for obstetric treatment and management. Methods: A total of 18 patients with COVID-19 treated in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University were collected. The epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, chest CT and pregnancy outcomes were performed for analysis. Results: 1.18 cases of late pregnancy infected with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia were delivered at 35 + 5 weeks to 41 weeks. According to the clinical classification of COVID-19, 1 case was mild type, 16 cases were ordinary type, and 1 case was severe type. 2 . According to Imaging examinations: 15 (83%) cases showed unilateral or bilateral pneumonia, 2 (11%) cases had pulmonary infection with pleural effusion, and 1(6%) case had no abnormal imaging changes. 3. Among the 18 newborns, there were 3 (17%) premature infants, 1 (6%) case of mild asphyxia, 5 (28%) cases of bacterial pneumonia, 1 (6%) case of gastrointestinal bleeding, 1 (6%) case of necrotizing enteritis, 2 (11%) cases of hyperbilirubinemia and 1 (6%) case of diarrhea. All the newborns were negative for the first throat swab test of SARS-CoV-2 after birth. 4. Follow-up to Mar 7, 2020, no maternal and neonatal deaths occurred. Conclusions: The majority of patients in late term pregnancy with COVID-19 were of ordinary type, and they less likely developed into critical pneumonia after early isolation and antiviral treatment. Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 was not detected, but the proportion of neonatal bacterial pneumonia was higher than other neonatal diseases in newborns.
Impact of limb salvage versus amputation on overall survival in patients with osteosarcoma of the extremities: an update in the modern era using the National Cancer Database
Authors: Evans Daniel R. , Lazarides Alexander , Visgauss Julia D. , Somarelli Jason A. , III Dan G. Blazer , Brigman Brian E. , Eward William C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Historically, amputation was the primary surgical treatment for osteosarcoma of the extremities; however, with advancements in surgical techniques and chemotherapies limb salvage has replaced amputation as the dominant treatment paradigm. This study assessed the impact of the type of surgical resection on overall survival in the era of modern limb salvage. Methods: Utilizing the largest registry of primary osteosarcoma, the National Cancer Database (NCDB), we retrospectively analyzed patients with high grade osteosarcoma of the extremities from 2004 through 2015. Unadjusted five-year overall survival between patients who received limb salvage and amputation was assessed utilizing Kaplan Meier curves. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model and propensity matched analysis was used to determine the variables independently correlated with survival. Results: From a total of 3,421 patients, 2,634 underwent limb salvage and 787 underwent amputation. After controlling for confounders, limb salvage was associated with a significant survival benefit over amputation (HR: 0.70; p<0.001). This survival benefit remained significant after propensity matched analysis of all significantly different independent variables (HR: 0.74; p=0.001). Chemotherapy and negative surgical margins were also independently associated with survival.Conclusion: Limb salvage is associated with a significant survival benefit over amputation, even when controlling for potentially confounding variables and differences between cohorts.
Identification of key genes controlling docetaxel resistance in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Jiang Yannan , Qian Yi , Qian Weifeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Chemotherapy is a very important part of its comprehensive treatment. Docetaxel is a commonly used chemotherapy drug in breast cancer treatment. However, some patients will develop drug resistance during use. To further explore this issue, we conducted an in-depth analysis on gene expression data of 24 breast cancer patients from GEO. Key module and hub genes were searched through WGCNA network construction, KEGG and GO function analysis, PPI network construction and other methods. Functional analysis revealed that the key module mainly related to drug transport events such as phagocytosis, cell-cell adhesion, and extracellular exosome. TCGA data were used to further verify these hub genes. Finally, we screened out 4 most important key genes, RPS2, EEF2, RPL15 and RPLP1, from 55 hub genes. These findings may highlight some therapeutic targets for predicting, avoiding or overcoming docetaxel resistance.
GLUT-1 as a predictor of worse prognosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: immunohistochemistry study showing the correlation between expression and survival.
Authors: Boira Maria del Mar Achalandabaso , Martino Marcello Di , Gordillo Carlos , Adrados Magdalena , Martín-Pérez Elena 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background. Various parameters have been considered for predicting survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Information about western population is missing. The aim of this study is to assess the association between Glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT-1) expression and prognosis for patients with PDAC submitted for surgical resection in a European cohort.Methods. Retrospective analysis of PDAC specimens after pancreatoduodenectomy assessing GLUT-1 expression according to intensity (weak vs strong) and extension (low if <80% cells were stained, high if > 80%) was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using the exact Fisher test, Student t test or the Mann-Whitney U test. Survival was analysed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the Log-rank test. The differences were considered significant at a two-sided p value of < 0.05. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS® 23.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).Results. Our study consisted of 39 patients of which 58.9% presented with weak and 41.1% with strong intensity. The median extension was 90%: 28.2% cases presented with a low extension and 71.8% with a high extension. No significant differences related to intensity were found. The high-extension group showed a higher percentage of T3 PDAC (92.9% vs 63.6%, p=0.04) and LNR20 (35.7% vs 0%, p=0.03) as well as shorter disease-free survival (17.58 vs 54.46 months; p=0.05).Conclusions. Our findings suggest that GLUT-1 could be related to higher aggressivity in PDAC and could be used as a prognostic marker, identifying patients with a worse response to current therapies who could benefit from more aggressive treatments.
Shearwave elastography of the knee menisci
Authors: Bedewi Mohamed Abdelmohsen , Elsifey Ayman A , Saleh Ayman K , Alfaifi Tariq 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Sonoelastography is a relatively new technique used to evaluate the musculoskeletal system, but shear wave elastography of the knee menisci has not previously been reported. The purpose of this study is to study sonoelastographic features of the knee menisci. Methods: 34 knee joints were studied, in 17 healthy subjects. Shear wave elastography was used to evaluate the anterior horn of the medial meniscus. Normal sonoelastographic values were obtained. Results: The mean shear elastic modulus of the anterior horn of the right medial meniscus was 24.86 kPa (range 15.3- 36.1 ±6.35 SD), and 23.86 kPa (range14.6-37.6 ± 4.49 SD) for the anterior horn of the left medial meniscus. Inverse correlation was noted between the right medial meniscus elasticity and height. Inverse correlation was noted between the left medial meniscus elasticity and age, while positive correlation was noted between left medial meniscus elasticity and BMI. Conclusion: The elastic modulus of the knee menisci has been determined in healthy subjects and can serve as a reference when studying pathological conditions of these structures .
Evaluating antimicrobial appropriateness in a tertiary care pediatric ICU in Saudi Arabia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kazzaz Yasser M , AlTurki Haneen , Aleisa Lama , Alahmadi Bashaer , Alfattoh Nora , Alattas Nadia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Two-thirds of antibiotic prescriptions administered in pediatric inpatient care are inappropriate. This inappropriate utilization is associated with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and a decline in antibiotic susceptibility in many pathogenic organisms isolated in intensive care units. Antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) have been recommended as a strategy to reduce and delay the impact of AMR. A crucial step in ASPs is understanding antibiotic utilization practices and quantifying the problem of inappropriate antibiotic use to support a targeted solution. We aim to characterize antibiotic utilization and determine the appropriateness of antibiotic prescription in a tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit in Saudi Arabia.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital (KASCH), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, over a 6-month period. Days of therapy (DOT) and DOT per 1000 patient-days were used as measures of antibiotic consumption. The appropriateness of antibiotic use was assessed by two independent pediatric infectious disease physicians based on the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) 12-step campaign to prevent antimicrobial resistance among hospitalized children.Results During the study period, 497 patients were admitted to the PICU, accounting for 3009 patient-days. A total of 274 antibiotic courses were administered over 2553 antibiotic days. Ceftriaxone, vancomycin, ceftazidime, and cefazolin were responsible for the highest rates of consumption (164.8, 150.5, 91.7, and 83.1 DOTs per 1000 patient-days, respectively). Forty-eight percent of antibiotic courses were found to be nonadherent to at least 1 CDC step. The top reasons were inappropriate antibiotic choice (empirically or definitive) (31.3%) and inappropriate prophylaxis (30.2%). Infectious disease service consultation decreased the likelihood of inappropriate consumption of antibiotics.Conclusions Antibiotic consumption was high in our setting, with significant inappropriate utilization mainly due to empiric choices and the duration of prophylaxis. These data could inform decision-making in antimicrobial stewardship programs and strategies. The CDC steps provide a more objective tool and limit biases when assessing antibiotic appropriateness.
Impact of the “Thinking while Moving in English” intervention on primary school children’s physical activity and academic outcomes: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mavilidi Myrto F , Lubans David R , Miller Andrew , Eather Narelle , Morgan Philip J , Lonsdale Chris , Noetel Michael , Karayanidis Frini , Shaw Kylie , Riley Nicholas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The majority of children internationally are not sufficiently active. Integrating physical activity into academic lesson time may not only help increase children’s activity levels but also improve learning. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a classroom-based physical activity intervention on primary school students’ physical activity levels and academic outcomes (i.e., on-task behavior, literacy and executive function skills). Methods: This cluster randomized controlled trial included students ( N = 283) from nine primary schools located in New South Wales, Australia. Schools were allocated to a control (n = 5 schools) or Thinking while Moving in English (TWM-E) (n = 4 schools) conditions. Teachers received professional learning (i.e. one day workshop), resources (e.g. drill ladders, lettered bean bags), and mentoring from the research team. Teachers in the TWM-E condition delivered three 40-min physically active English lessons per week for six weeks, whereas the control condition continued with the usual lessons. For both conditions, assessments occurred at baseline and post-test (six weeks). Children wore accelerometers on their wrists (Axivity) for one week during school time to measure their intensity of physical activity intensity (primary outcome). On-task behavior was assessed using a momentary time sampling procedure and expressed as a percentage of lesson time. Standardized tests were used to assess literacy skills (i.e., spelling, grammar and punctuation) and executive functioning (i.e, inhibition and task shifting). Results: No significant group differences were observed for physical activity outcomes, spelling or executive functions. Compared to the control group, the TWM-E group displayed improved on-task behavior (adjusted mean difference = 18.1% of lesson time, 95% CI [10.12 to 26.02], p < .001, d = 0.53), and improved grammar and punctuation scores (adjusted mean difference = 3.0, 95% CI [ 0.7 to 5.4], p = 0.018, d = 0.16). Conclusions: Despite minimal effect on overall physical activity levels, active lessons have important benefits for students’ on-task behavior and literacy.
Angiotensin AT1 and AT2 receptors heteromer expression in microglia correlates with Parkinson’s disease progression in the hemilesioned rat model of the disease
Authors: Rivas-Santisteban Rafael , Rodriguez-Perez Ana I. , Muñoz Ana , Reyes-Resina Irene , Labandeira-García José Luis , Navarro Gemma , Franco Rafael 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background/Aims : The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is altered in Parkinson’s disease (PD), a disease due to substantia nigra neurodegeneration and whose dopamine-replacement therapy, using the precursor levodopa, leads to dyskinesias as the main side effect. Angiotensin AT 1 and AT 2 receptors, mainly known for their role in regulating water homeostasis and blood pressure and able to form heterodimers (AT 1/2 Hets), are present in the central nervous system. We assessed the functionality and expression of AT 1/2 Hets in Parkinson Disease (PD). Methods: Immunocytochemistry was used to analyze the colocalization between angiotensin receptors, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer was used to detect AT 1/2 Hets. Calcium and cAMP determination, MAPK activation and label-free assays were performed to characterize signaling. Proximity ligation assays was used to quantify receptor expression in microglial cells and brain striatal slices. Results: We confirmed that AT 1 and AT 2 receptors form AT 1/2 Hets that are expressed in cells of the central nervous system. AT 1/2 Hets are novel functional units with particular signaling properties. Importantly, the coactivation of the two receptors in the heteromer reduces the signaling output of angiotensin. Remarkably, AT 1/2 Hets that are expressed in both striatal neurons and microglia show a cross-potentiation, i.e. candesartan, the antagonist of AT 1 increases the effect of AT 2 receptor agonists. In addition, the level of expression in the unilateral 6-OH-dopamine lesion rat PD model increases upon disease progression and is maximal in dyskinetic animals. Conclusion: The results indicate that boosting the action of neuroprotective AT 2 receptors using an AT 1 receptor antagonist constitutes a promising therapeutic strategy in PD.
Using Mixed Methods to Adapt and Evaluate the Implementation of a Multicomponent Tobacco-Free Workplace Program within Behavioral Health Centers
Authors: Leal Isabel Martinez , Chen Tzu-An , Correa-Fernández Virmarie , Le Kathy , O’Connor Daniel P. , Kyburz Bryce , Wilson William T. , Williams Teresa , Reitzel Lorraine R. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Integrated Human-Machine Intelligence for EV Charging Prediction in 5G Smart Grid
Authors: Sun Dedong , Ou Qinghai , Yao Xianjiong , Gao Songji , Wang Zhiqiang , Ma Wenjie , Li Wenjing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of the power infrastructures and the increase in the number of electric vehicles (EVs), vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies have attracted great interest in both academia and industry as an energy-management technology in 5G smart grid. Considering the inherently high mobility and low reliability of EVs, it is a great challenge for the smart grid to provide on-demand services for EVs. Therefore, we propose a novel smart grid architecture based on network slicing and edge computing technologies for the 5G smart grid. Under this architecture, the bidirectional traffic information between smart grids and EVs is collected to improve the EV charging experience and decrease the cost of energy service providers. In addition, the accurate prediction of EV charging behavior is also a challenge for V2G systems to improve the scheduling efficiency of EVs. Thus, we propose an EV charging behavior prediction scheme based on the hybrid artificial intelligence to identify targeted EVs and predict their charging behavior in this paper. Simulation results show that the proposed prediction scheme outperforms several state-of-the-art EV charging behavior prediction methods in terms of prediction accuracy and scheduling efficiency.
Research on English network teaching system Based on artificial intelligence and WBIETS system
Authors: Tan Minghua 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The English teaching network system is a distant teaching based on Web. This teaching method can stimulate students' interests, so that students can acquire knowledge voluntarily, and automatic test paper generation is one of the most important modules in English teaching network system. This paper first describes the automatic test problems, is a constrained multi-objective problem; then the design of genetic algorithm to improve the test paper, put forward questions based encoding method and based on the difficulty and test points of F fitness function for dynamic adjustment of the parameters in the iterative process. Finally, it is verified by experiments that the test paper made by this method satisfies users' requests for questions, contents and scores, and at the same time, it also improves the running efficiency of random optimization algorithm by 7-17 times.