bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Correlation of Salivary Gland Uptake Between 18F-FP-CIT PET/CT and Salivary Scan
Authors: Kang Seo Young , Yun Ji Young , Kim Hye Ok , Moon Byung Seok , Yoon Hai-Jeon , Kim Bom Sahn 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An 85-year-old woman visited our hospital with repetitive diarrhea, nausea, and anorexia, as well as aggressive behavior. The neurologist decided to perform dopamine transporter imaging (18F-FP-CIT PET/CT) for accurate diagnosis, taking into account the potential adverse effects of l-dopa that the patient had been taking for a long time. The uptake of dopamine transporter in the bilateral basal ganglia was well preserved, but reduced uptake in the left parotid gland was incidentally detected. A subsequent salivary scan showed reduced uptake in the left parotid gland with the same pattern as that on 18F-FP-CIT PET/CT.
18F-THK5351 PET Can Identify Lesions of Acute Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Takami Yasukage , Yamamoto Yuka , Norikane Takashi , Mitamura Katsuya , Hatakeyama Tetsuhiro , Nishiyama Yoshihiro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 67-year-old woman sustained a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a traffic accident and had an initial Glasgow Coma Scale score of 13. She underwent 18F-THK5351 PET 18 days after TBI. Fused 18F-THK5351 PET/MRI showed that the location of 18F-THK5351 accumulations corresponded anatomically to intraparenchymal lesions of acute TBI on MRI. 18F-THK5351 reportedly binds to monoamine oxidase B highly expressed in astrocytes. Furthermore, TBI induces reactive astrogliosis or blood-brain barrier breakdown included in primary brain injury. Therefore, 18F-THK5351 uptake may represent primary brain injury in acute TBI lesions.
Feasibility of 177Lu Therapy Monitoring Using Fast Whole-Body SPECT Recordings Provided by a High-Speed 360° CZT Camera
Authors: Chevalier Elodie , Boursier Caroline , Claudin Marine , Marie Pierre-Yves , Imbert Laetitia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The whole-body absolute quantification of 177Lu-DOTATATE therapy was achieved using a high-speed 360° CZT SPECT/CT system. Twelve high-resolution swelling detectors may be positioned close to patients, providing a high-count sensitivity that is particularly advantageous for the low-count rate conditions of 177Lu imaging. After initially validating 177Lu quantification on phantom, serial whole-body SPECT/CT acquisitions of only 20 minutes were obtained for a 70-year-old woman treated by 177Lu-DOTATATE injections for a metastatic recurrence of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. The progressive decrease in tumor uptake between the consecutive 177Lu-DOTATATE injections could be quantified, and thereby the corresponding dosimetry changes could be estimated.
Typical Acute Traumatic Fracture Healing in an 83-Year-Old Man Undergoing 223Ra Treatment for Prostatic Cancer Bone Metastases
Authors: Minekawa Thaís , Lima Mariana , Moraes André , Santos Allan , Etchebehere Elba 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We report the case of a fracture healing after 223Ra in an 83-year-old wheelchair-bound man with prostate castration-resistant adenocarcinoma treated due to uncontrollable pain from widespread bone metastases. The patient fractured both right tibia and fibula 15 days prior to the first 223Ra cycle. After the first cycle, there was complete remission of his metastatic bone pain; after the second cycle, he began walking with support, which helped improve fracture healing; and after the third cycle, he presented complete mobility. Posttreatment images showed consolidated fractures. By improving metastatic bone pain with 223Ra, consolidation of the insufficiency fracture was possible.
Expression of CXCR4 Receptors in Refractory Atypical Mediastinal Carcinoid
Authors: Krishnaraju Venkata Subramanian , Satapathy Swayamjeet , Sood Ashwani , Das Chandan Krushna , Chatterjee Debajyoti , Shukla Jaya , Mittal Bhagwant Rai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Primary neuroendocrine tumor of the mediastinum is a relatively rare entity. In metastatic/inoperable disease, therapeutic options are limited to cytotoxic chemotherapy in poorly differentiated tumors and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in case of well-differentiated tumors. We present the case of a 52-year-old man with mediastinal atypical carcinoid (grade II) neuroendocrine tumor showing mild somatostatin receptor expression and intense FDG avidity with progressive disease on chemotherapy. Chemokine receptor targeted PET/CT with CXCR4 (68Ga-CXCR4) showed tracer avidity in tumor sites higher than the physiological sites, which may pave the way for CXCR4-targeted radionuclide therapy in this subgroup of patients.
Long-term Trace of Radiation Pneumonitis With 18F-Fluoroestradiol
Authors: Morel Agnès , Maucherat Bruno , Chiavassa Sophie , Kraeber-Bodéré Françoise , Rousseau Caroline 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Radiation pneumonitis (RP) can be an adverse complication of radiotherapy and usually occurs as an acute reaction from 6 to 12 weeks after radiotherapy. FDG PET is described as an early and adequate barometer for RP diagnosis. Only 1 case of fluoroestradiol uptake contemporary of metabolic FDG changes attributed to RP is reported. We report a case of a breast cancer patient with asymptomatic RP, who at 1 year later, at sequelar stage on CT, showed long-term memory of RP by 18F-fluoroestradiol PET imaging with nonmetabolic FDG PET.
Extensive Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in Thalassemia
Authors: Usmani Sharjeel , Ahmed Najeeb , Muzaffar Samreen , Al Kandari Fareeda 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We report the case of a 45-year-old man with thalassemia major referred for a bone scan as a workup for generalized bone pain. 99mTc-MDP SPECT CT showed multiple elongated soft tissue masses along the inner aspects of ribs and along both sides of dorsal spine with calcification and mild tracer uptake. There was also a large lobulated presacral soft tissue mass displacing the bladder and involving the adjacent pelvic bone. Biopsy of mildly avid tracer uptake in pelvic soft tissue mass was extramedullary hematopoiesis confirmed by biopsy.
Lung Scintigraphy Imaging Features in a Young Patient With COVID-19
Authors: Goetz Christian , Fassbender Thomas F. , Meyer Philipp T. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 31-year-old man developed diarrhea, fatigue, and intermittent fever for 2 weeks. The past few days he had experienced increasing dyspnea and dry cough. Ambulatory reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction testing was positive for SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Because of elevated d-dimer (1.5 mg/L), a lung scintigraphy (V/Q scan) was performed as SPECT/CT. Ventilation SPECT showed reduced ventilation with central nuclide deposition, whereas perfusion SPECT was inconspicuous, excluding pulmonary embolism. However, the low-dose CT revealed bilateral ground-glass opacities as previously described in COVID-19. This case highlights the procedure and findings of V/Q scanning (without embolism) in COVID-19.
Incidental Finding on 11C-Choline-PET/CT of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence in a Prostate Cancer Patient With Negative Abdominal CT Scan
Authors: Guglielmo Priscilla , Pisu Nicola , Sanna Silvia , Pung Bi Llie Joy , Boero Michele 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 76-year-old man, who experienced prostate cancer biochemical relapse after 12 years from radical prostatectomy, underwent abdominal CT scan for restaging purposes, negative for metastases, and then 11C-choline PET/CT. The only finding was an area of focal uptake of radiotracer between the intestinal loops and the abdominal wall; after resection, the lesion demonstrated to be a metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for which the patient had undergone liver resection 2 years earlier. This case proves that abnormal foci of 11C-choline uptake in the peritoneum in HCC patients have to be kept in mind as possible sites of HCC-metastases.
18F-Fluciclovine Uptake in Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Ahn Grace S. , Barsky Andrew R. , Galperin-Aizenberg Maya , Vapiwala Neha , Pantel Austin R. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An 85-year-old man with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after prostatectomy was imaged with 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT. Images incidentally revealed 18F-fluciclovine uptake in a dilated appendix with associated fat stranding, suggestive of acute appendicitis. The patient was then questioned about abdominal symptoms, and he reported severe right lower quadrant pain. He then underwent laparoscopic appendectomy with pathology confirming acute appendicitis.
Dual-Phase 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT in the Characterization of Enhancing Solid Renal Tumors
Authors: Zhu Hongjing , Yang Bo , Dong Aisheng , Ye Huamao , Cheng Chao , Pan Guixia , Zuo Changjing 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the value of dual-phase 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant enhancing solid renal tumors.

Patients and Methods
Totally, 180 patients were imaged with dual-phase 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT, which was performed 30 minutes and 90 minutes after 99mTc-MIBI administration. Among them, 147 patients with 148 histologically proved solid renal tumors met the selection criteria and were included for the final analysis. Relative quantification was performed by measuring the radioactive uptake ratio of tumor to the normal renal parenchymal background for both early and delayed images.

Results
Benign renal tumors (4 renal oncocytomas and 8 lipid-poor angiomyolipomas) demonstrated a significantly higher early relative uptake value (ERUV) and delayed relative uptake value (DRUV) than malignant renal tumors (n = 136; both P < 0.0001). The ERUV cutoff value of 0.53 helped to differentiate benign from malignant renal tumors, with sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 94.8%, and accuracy of 95.3% for the diagnosis of benign renal tumors. The DRUV cutoff value of 0.50 helped to differentiate benign from malignant renal tumors, with sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96.3%, and accuracy of 96.6% for the diagnosis of benign renal tumors. There was no statistically significant difference between the efficacy of ERUV and DRUV in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant renal tumors (P = 0.5). The efficacies of ERUV and DRUV were all significantly higher than the retention index (both P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Both early and delayed phase 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT are helpful for distinguishing benign renal oncocytoma and lipid-poor angiomyolipoma from malignant renal tumors, and the delayed phase imaging tends to show higher diagnostic accuracy.
18F-Florbetapir PET in Primary Cerebral Amyloidoma
Authors: Soffers Frederik , Ceyssens Sarah , Buffet Wendi , de Surgeloose Didier , Crols Roeland 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Amyloid deposition can lead to Alzheimer disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Rarely, it presents as a solitary focal deposition, primary cerebral amyloidoma, which can be misinterpreted as a neoplasm because of the “tumor-like” appearances. We present the case of a 54-year-old woman where MRI revealed a T2-hyperintense mass periventricular in the white matter with moderate contrast enhancement. Pathological investigation revealed AL (lambda) amyloidoma. 18F-florbetapir PET/CT was used to support the diagnosis and in follow-up. This case highlights that 18F-florbetapir PET/CT might play a role in the diagnostic workup of patients suggestive of cerebral amyloidoma, especially in cases where biopsy is not feasible.
Incidental Detection of Elastofibroma Dorsi With 68Ga-FAPI-46 and 18F-FDG PET/CT in a Patient With Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Hayrapetian Artineh , Girgis Mark D. , Yanagawa Jane , French Samuel W. , Schelbert Heinrich R. , Auerbach Martin S. , Czernin Johannes , Calais Jeremie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 71-year-old man underwent 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT for initial staging prior to surgery of a squamous cell carcinoma of the lower esophagus under the prospective study NCT04147494. Both scans showed increased uptake in the mid and distal esophagus without evidence of metastatic disease. A soft tissue right infrascapular mass with mild 18F-FDG and moderate 68Ga-FAPI-46 uptake was incidentally found. The patient underwent robotic-assisted Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy and excision of the right infrascapular mass. Histopathology of the right chest wall mass confirmed the diagnosis of elastofibroma.
Quality and Safety in Healthcare, Part LXXVI
Authors: Harolds Jay A. , Miller Laura B. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Magnet recognition has value that benefits patients; nurses, physicians, and other providers; the healthcare organization; and the community. This includes not only better job satisfaction, more empowerment, and less turnover for nurses, but also better outcomes for patients, more research and evidence-based practice, a superior reputation for the organization, and an easier time recruiting for the organization.
FDG PET/CT Findings in Biliary Papillomatosis
Authors: Tu Zhuolong , Yang Yingnan , Ruan Jing , Tu Jinfu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Biliary papillomatosis is a rare disease with high malignant potential. A 64-year-old woman underwent FDG PET/CT, which showed an intense FDG uptake in the location of an aggregated biliary papillomatosis with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia/carcinoma in situ but did not show FDG uptake in the sporadic, small biliary papilloma. FDG PET/CT may be an effective method to identify the components of the malignant transformation of biliary papillomatosis.
Detection of Residual Tumor With 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT in a Patient With Waldenström Macroglobulinemia and Concurrent John Cunningham Virus–Related Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Pan Qingqing , Luo Yaping , Qian Min 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 75-year-old man diagnosed with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) complained of neurological symptoms. Baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT showed diffusely increased radioactivity in the bone marrow and decreased FDG uptake in the right cerebellum. After rituximab-containing immunochemotherapy, the patient had clinically partial response of WM, but the cerebellar lesion was enlarged. Repeated 18F-FDG PET/CT was similar to the baseline. 68Ga-pentixafor PET/CT detected residual tumor of WM in occipital bone and cervical lymph nodes, but there was no uptake in the cerebellar lesion. Finally, John Cunningham virus–related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy was confirmed.
PET/CT Integrated With CT Colonography in Preoperative Obstructive Colorectal Cancer by Incomplete Optical Colonoscopy
Authors: Sánchez-Izquierdo Nuria , Pagès Mario , Mayoral Maria , Rubello Domenico , Colletti Patrick M. , Campos Francisco , Romero Inmaculada , Casanueva Sebastián , Fritsch Andrea , Fuster David 
Published: September 2020

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate if integrating whole-body PET/CT with CT colonography (PET/CTC) improves the preoperative diagnosis of obstructive colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
We prospectively included 47 consecutive patients (18 women and 29 men; mean age, 71 ± 14 years) suspected of having CRC by optical colonoscopy, which was not completed due to obstructive masses. To perform PET/CTC, a small caliber Foley catheter was inserted to distend the colon with CO2 insufflations. Polyps measuring 10 mm or larger were considered as high risk of malignancy. All findings were histologically confirmed.

Results
Colorectal cancer was localized in the sigmoid (n = 21), rectum (n = 7), rectosigmoid junction (n = 5), ascending (n = 7), descending (n = 5), and transverse (n = 2) colon. All tumors showed FDG uptake (mean ± SD SUVmax, 20.02 ± 9.9) including one synchronic tumor (SUVmax, 10.46). Forty-seven polyps were histologically confirmed as smaller than 10 mm (n = 35) and 10 mm or larger (n = 12). All 12 polyps 10 mm or larger showed FDG uptake (SUVmax range, 3.08–19.5), but only one smaller than 10 mm could be identified by PET. Pathological lymph nodes were diagnosed in 17/47 cases after surgical removal with a sensitivity and specificity for CTC and PET/CTC of 71% and 97% and 59% and 100%, respectively. Liver metastases were confirmed in 9 patients and in 4/9 along with lung metastases (n = 2) or implants (n = 2), showing a sensitivity and specificity for CTC of 89% and 100% and both 100% for PET/CTC.

Conclusions
PET/CTC is a reliable technique for staging CRC and diagnosing synchronous tumors. In this series, PET/CTC was not able to identify small polyps but showed potential use for ruling out 10 mm or larger polyps at high risk of malignancy.
Intense 99mTc-MDP Uptake in the Abdominal Soft Tissue Secondary to Subcutaneous Insulin Injection
Authors: Fu Wenhui , Zeng Chengrun , Xu Tingting , Zhang Xinyi , Chen Yue 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 65-year-old woman with known breast cancer presented with lower back pain over 1 month. Multiple sclerotic foci of increased tracer uptake in the bones were noted on the 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy and SPECT/CT images, suggesting osteoblastic metastasis. Unexpectedly, symmetric 99mTc-MDP activity was visualized in the soft tissue near the umbilical area, corresponding to the sites of insulin injection.
A Case of Primary Sinonasal Yolk Sac Tumor
Authors: Wang Peipei , Hou Guozhu , Li Fang , Cheng Xin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare and highly malignant germ cell tumor that is extremely rare in the nasal region. Herein, we present a case of biopsy-proven nasal YST admixed with transitional cell carcinoma in a 58-year-old woman. Complementary 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed the only FDG-avid mass in the right nasal cavity. This case indicates that YST could occur in the nasal region primarily, and 18F-FDG PET/CT is a useful tool to distinguish between primary and metastatic lesions.
18F-Fluciclovine Uptake in a Ureterocele
Authors: Bitar Ryan , Szklaruk Janio , Martiniova Lucia , Zurita Amado J. , Chery Lisly J. , Ravizzini Gregory 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 60-year-old man with prostate adenocarcinoma status post radical prostatectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection referred for restaging 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT due to rising serum prostate-specific antigen levels (1.1 ng/mL at that time of imaging). PET/CT images were obtained from the proximal thighs to the vertex of the skull approximately 3 to 5 minutes after the IV administration of 347.8 MBq (9.4 mCi) of 18F-fluciclovine. PET/CT imaging demonstrated a focus of abnormally increased 18F-fluciclovine uptake at the right ureterovesical junction. Subsequent MRI of the pelvis revealed that this focus corresponded to a benign ureterocele.
Incidental Detection of Pancreatic Arteriovenous Malformation by 99mTc-RBC SPECT/CT
Authors: Yang Xu , Wang Wei , Kan Ying , Yang Jigang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA patient with multiple episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding underwent99mTc-labeled red blood cell scintigraphy to detect the source of bleeding, which showed a focally increased activity in the upper midabdomen. SPECT/CT demonstrated that the activity was located in the pancreatic head. Angiography confirmed the diagnosis of pancreatic arteriovenous malformation. After transarterial embolization therapy, the patient no longer had bleeding episode. Based on the present case, pancreatic arteriovenous malformation should be included as differential diagnosis during99mTc–red blood cell scintigraphy.
Postablative 131I SPECT/CT Is Much More Sensitive Than Cervical Ultrasonography for the Detection of Thyroid Remnants in Patients After Total Thyroidectomy for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Bulzacka Iwona , Makarewicz Jacek 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Evaluation of utility of cervical ultrasound (US) for detection of thyroid remnants (ThR) in patients after thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer.

Methods
Included were 154 consecutive patients (17–89 years, 123 female and 31 male patients), without known cancer residues or cervical lymph nodes metastases, admitted for ThR ablation with 131I, 14 to 20 weeks after surgery. Neck uptake of 131I (Tup) and thyroglobulin were determined, and location and volume of ThR detected by cervical US were recorded. On days 3 to 4 after ablation (1.7–4.6GBq, 46–124.3 mCi 131I), neck SPECT/CT was performed, and 131I uptake foci were assigned to one of the regions as described below. The anterior neck was divided into 2 compartments: superior and inferior to lower margin of thyroid cartilage, and each compartment was subdivided into middle and lateral regions (in SPECT/CT, posterolateral and anterolateral regions were also marked out). 131I uptake sites and ThR detected by US, if congruent with SPECT/CT, were counted and analyzed.

Results
In total, 341 131I uptake foci were found in 150 patients (97.4%) by SPECT/CT and 213 corresponding ThR in 118 patients (76.6%) by US. Ultrasound detected 30% to 46% of 131I uptake foci in superior lateral regions, 49% in pyramidal lobe/thyroglossal duct area (both P < 0.05), 74% to 77% in inferior lateral regions, and 22% in isthmus (both P > 0.05). Correlation between ThR volume and Tup was strong (r = 0.79), and that between ThR volume and thyroglobulin was weak (r = 0.24).

Conclusions
Ultrasound is less sensitive than 131I posttherapy scans for ThR detection in patients after thyroidectomy, especially for remnants located above the lower margin of thyroid cartilage.
High Glucose Metabolism in the Right Ventricular Myocardium Due to Extrinsic Pulmonary Stenosis by Mediastinal Lymphoma
Authors: Parida Girish Kumar , Mitra Sujata , Suman Akchata , Muthu Gopal Sonai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Acquired pulmonary stenosis in adults is rare and is usually caused by extrinsic compression from a mediastinal tumor. We present a case of anterior mediastinal Hodgkin lymphoma, who presented with cough and hemoptysis. Compression of the bilateral pulmonary arteries by the mediastinal mass was demonstrated by transthoracic echocardiography and CT pulmonary angiography. FDG PET/CT showed diffusely increased FDG uptake in right ventricular myocardium in addition to lymphomatous involvement of the lymph nodes and spleen.
18F-FDG PET/CT Helps Differentiate Peripheral Nerve Myeloid Sarcoma From a Presumed Benign Nerve Sheath Tumor
Authors: Das Jeeban P. , Riedl Christopher C. , Ulaner Gary A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A 21-year-old man with NF1 (neurofibromatosis type 1) mutation and in remission from acute myeloid leukemia presented with a painless mass in the left upper limb. MRI showed a soft-tissue mass involving the ulnar nerve presumed to be a nerve sheath tumor. 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed demonstrating high FDG avidity in the mass, prompting a biopsy. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the biopsy sample demonstrated myeloid sarcoma of the ulnar nerve. This case highlights the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in raising the suspicion of malignancy in otherwise presumably benign lesions of the nerve.
Using COVID-19 deaths as a surrogate to measure the progression of the pandemics
Authors: Hernandez-Suarez Carlos , Murillo-Zamora Efren 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe IFR (Infection Fatality Risk) is one of the most important parameters of an infectious disease. If properly estimated, the observed number of deaths divided by the IFR can be used to estimate the current number of infections and, if immunity is permanent, we can estimate the fraction of susceptible which can be used to plan reopening of activities and vaccine deployment, when these become available. Here we suggest how to use the observed deaths by COVID-19 in an arbitrary population as a surrogate for the progression of the epidemic with the purpose of decision making. We compare several estimates of IFR for SARS-CoV-2 with our estimate that uses the number of additional deaths in households in a database population of 159,150 laboratory-confirmed (RT-qPCR) COVID-19 by SARS-COV-2 in Mexico. The main result is that if the number of deaths in a region is close to 2 per thousand individuals, the fraction of remaining susceptible may be too small for the vaccine to make a difference in the total number of infected.