bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LIFE AS A JOURNEY: A VIEW OF LIFE AS A JOURNEY MODERATES THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE AGE AND SUBJECTIVE HEALTH
Authors: Oh Ga-Eun (Grace) 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Previous research has shown the relationship of subjective age and health status: feeling younger than one’s age is correlated with better health outcomes including both subjective and objective measures. This research investigates how the view of life as a journey might moderate the relationship between subjective age and subjective health. A view to look at life as a journey is a common metaphor to view life as an ongoing process. Prior work has suggested that people who went through difficult situations successfully tend to construe their life experience as a journey. This suggests that thinking of life as a journey might help people cope better with their negative experiences in general such as feeling older. Thus, we investigate to see if believing ‘life as a journey’ can buffer against the negative effect of feeling older on subjective health perception. To test this, we collected the data from American participants (N = 724) of various ages. The results showed that more life was viewed as a journey, smaller the detrimental effect of subjective age on subjective health. Although feeling older generally reduced subjective health, this negative effect of feeling older was smaller among those who thought life as a journey. This research suggests that thinking life as a journey might be used to reduce the negative impact of older subjective age on health perceptions.
AGE-BASED STEREOTYPE THREAT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PRIMING TECHNIQUES AND THEIR EFFECTS
Authors: Riboni Francesco Vailati , Pagnini Francesco 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Age-based stereotype threat (ABST) occurs when older adults are influenced by negative stereotypes about age-related decline and functional losses and ironically behave in disengaging and self-defeating ways that confirm the stereotype (Steele & Aronson, 1995). Aging stereotypes are found to be strong predictors of health and illness outcomes in later life, and are associated with performance in specific areas, mainly in cognitive and physical domains. The current study reviewed the experimental methods and their reported effects previously published in the literature to determine if there were different ABST methods were associated with different types of age-related outcomes. We conducted a systematic review, screening the scientific literature for papers that included experimental manipulation of age-related stereotypes as an independent variable, focusing on samples of older adults (1113 articles, most published after 2003). Through a classification of the common and distinctive characteristics of the different stereotype manipulation techniques, we were able to identify three specific types of experimental methods: by instruction, tests, and interpersonal exposure. Although the mechanism by which stereotypes are associated with functional outcomes in older adults remains unclear, our review suggests it is possible to experimentally control the activation of the stereotype by manipulating its specific characteristics and the way older participants are exposed to it. Findings also highlight the possibility that specific experimental methods used to induce ABST in older individuals may lead to unique and different consequences on functional performance variation.
INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG COLLECTIVE PERSONALITY, ATTITUDES TOWARD INTERGENERATIONAL SUPPORT, AND CO-RESIDENCE
Authors: Lee Yooumi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study investigates if collective personality influences positive attitude towards family caregiving and support for elderly parents, which, in turn, engenders positive attitude toward intergenerational coresidence. To test the hypothesis, the author examines the interconnections among collective personality; attitude towards family caregiving, and attitude towards support for aged parents; and attitude towards intergenerational coresidence in the U.S. The survey data is collected from total 67 undergraduate students in classroom environment. Particular attention is given to their attitude towards family caregiving and aged parents support. Results show that those three predictors are positively correlated with the attitude towards intergenerational coresidence i.e. respondents with more positive attitude towards family caregiving and aged parents support and with collective personality are more likely to have positive attitude towards intergenerational coresidence. Among the three predictors, collective personality is positively connected to the attitudes towards family caregiving and support for aged parents. A positive correlation is also observed between two attitude predictors i.e. respondents with more positive attitudes towards the family caregiving are likely to have positive attitude towards the support for aged parents and vice versa. The results highlights the important influence of collective personality, and attitude towards family caregiving and support for older parents on the intergenerational coresidence, even in the individualistic society.
SLEEP IN LATE LIFE: RECENT RESEARCH ON PSYCHIATRIC CORRELATES AND TREATMENT
Authors: Dozier Mary E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sleep is an often overlooked health factor, particularly in older adults. Sleep disturbance is associated with increased functional impairment as well as poorer cognitive, mental, and physical health trajectories. Understanding the clinical impact of disturbed sleep, and the optimal targets for intervention, is critical for the promotion of health and well-being in older adults. This symposium will highlight recent findings that advance the extant knowledge on the interplay of sleep disturbance and physical and psychiatric co-morbidities in older adults across a variety of settings. Darina V. Petrovsky will discuss the impact of medical, demographic, and contextual factors on excessive daytime sleepiness in older adults receiving long-term services and supports. Kathi L. Heffner will present data on a recent study examining change in slow wave sleep, and subsequent change in osteoarthritis pain, following insomnia treatment. Courtney Bolstad will discuss the differential impact of onset, maintenance, and terminal insomnia on anxiety and depression symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. Eliza Davidson will present research on the association between sleep disturbance and hoarding symptoms in older adults engaged in behavioral interventions for hoarding disorder. Finally, Christina McCrae will discuss the relationship between sleep and cognition in older adults with insomnia.
RECEIVING ELDERLY PRIVILEGE AND POSITIVE ATTITUDES ABOUT AGING: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF SUPPORT FROM CHILDREN
Authors: Zhao Lingya , Xu Ling 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives. This study investigated the influence of receiving elderly privilege on positive attitudes about aging, and examined the mediating roles of support from children in such associations among Chinese older adults. Methods. Data were derived from China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey (CLASS), a nationwide social survey project of Chinese older adults aged 60 or older (N = 7,184) conducted in 2014. The positive attitudes about aging were measured by Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire. Sum scores were calculated with higher scores indicating more positive attitudes about aging. Analyses were conducted by PROCESS v3.3 for SPSS 20.0. Results. Receiving elderly privilege was significantly associated with more financial support (b = 0.303, p＜.001) and instrumental support (b =0.225, p＜.001) from children. Financial support (b = 0.100, p &lt; .05), instrumental support (b = 0.090, p &lt; .05), and emotional support (b = 0.405, p＜.001) received from children were significantly correlated with more positive attitudes about aging. Financial support (b = 0.030, BCa CI [0.010, 0.057]) and instrumental support (b = 0.020, BCa CI [0.000, 0.042]) from children mediated the association between receiving elderly privilege and positive attitudes about aging. Conclusion. With the rapid increase of aging population in China, it’s important to help Chinese older adults maintain high quality of life by encouraging society and family to work together. To maintain higher levels of positive attitudes about aging among Chinese older adults, social program of providing elderly privilege and support from children are both needed.
GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT BEFORE HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANT IDENTIFIES DEFICITS ACROSS ALL AGES
Authors: lowder yen p , Romero Kristi , Ren Yi , Pastva Amy M , Morey Miriam C , Cohen Harvey J , Chao Nelson J , Sung Anthony D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) is a lifesaving procedure; however, it is associated with significant morbidity, and treatment-related mortality ranges from 10-30%. Morbidity and mortality have been associated with poor functional status. The geriatric assessment (GA) may allow identification of deficits pre-HCT, allowing intervention and improvement. While focused on older adults, we hypothesize that GA may also identify deficits in younger patients who may be debilitated by chemotherapy or cancer before HCT. We performed a GA in all adult patients at the time of initial evaluation for HCT (between 10/1/17-1/31/19) and again immediately before HCT. Deficits were identified and patients referred to specialists (physical therapy, neuropsychology, etc.) prior to HCT. Among 83 patients, the median age was 58 years (age range: 19-75), 59 (71%) had ≥1 deficits, including 41 (49%) had ≥2 deficits that required referral. The most common deficit was physical function (45, 54%), followed by cognitive function (29, 35%), nutrition (26, 31%), and mental health (7, 8%). Deficits were common across all age groups: 9/16 (56%) 60 years old. To date, 40 patients have undergone HCT; of the 24 with deficits at initial evaluation, 10 (42%) improved at least one deficit, 5 (21%) were unchanged, and 9 (38%) not evaluated. Physical and nutrition deficits were most responsive to intervention. These results suggest that there is a high degree of impairment prior to HCT among both older and younger patients; however, these deficits are amenable to improvement prior to HCT.
INTERVENTIONS TO REDUCE STIGMA OF DEMENTIA: FINDINGS FROM A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: Bacsu Juanita R , Viger Marc , Johnson Shanthi , McIntosh Tom , Jeffery Bonnie , Novik Nuelle , Hackett Paul 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Although there is significant stigma attached to dementia, there is a paucity of knowledge on stigma reduction interventions. Guided by a strength-based approach, this presentation consists of two objectives: 1) to identify the literature on interventions to reduce dementia-related stigma; and 2) to recognize the strength-based components of existing anti-stigma interventions. A five-stage scoping review process was used to examine peer-reviewed literature of anti-stigma interventions of dementia from 2008 to 2018. From 744 initial records, 21 articles matched our inclusion criteria and were reviewed. A stigma reduction framework was used for classifying interventions: education (to dispel myths with accurate information), contact (to provide interaction with people with dementia), mixed (education and contact interventions), and protest (to challenge negative attitudes of dementia). A range of education, contact, and mixed interventions were identified. Strength-based components of education interventions included using: facts to dispel myths, multiple mediums to support dementia information, and culturally-informed strategies for specific audiences. Key components of contact and mixed interventions included: showcasing the achievements of people with dementia, relationship-building, and engaging in purposeful learning. Findings from this study can help to inform future interventions to reduce stigma and improve the quality of life for people affected by dementia.
DOES IMPROVING SLEEP IMPROVE COGNITION IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS WITH INSOMNIA?
Authors: McCrae Christina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Late life insomnia is associated with worse cognitive performance. Behavioral/cognitive behavioral treatments for insomnia (BBT-I, CBT-I) improve sleep in older adults, but findings are mixed for cognition. This presentation examines the effects BBT-I and CBT-I on sleep and cognition across three RCTs involving older individuals (community-dwelling [N=62, Mage=69.45(SD=7.71)], chronic pain [N=64, Mage=53.2 (SD=13.7)], dementia caregiving [N=36, Mage=62.32 (SD=6.71]). Sleep was assessed using daily diaries and actigraphy for 1-2 weeks prior to randomization to treatment or control. Cognition was measured using standardized executive functioning, memory, and attention measures. Multiple regressions revealed improved executive functioning following treatment (caregivers), associations between improved executive performance and greater pain/sleep improvements (chronic pain), and associations between improved attention and processing speed and improved sleep 9-months following treatment (community-dwelling). BBT-I/CBT-I hold promise for improving cognition in older aged individuals with insomnia. Research is needed to determine what factors influence/which patients are most likely to experience cognitive benefits.
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND RELATED DEMENTIAS AMONG ARAB AMERICANS
Authors: Dallo Florence , Kindratt Tiffany 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the United States (U.S.), Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) afflict over 4.7 million individuals ages 65 or older. Most studies compare the prevalence of ADRD between minorities and whites. Arab Americans are a subgroup of whites, and ADRD is not understood among Arab Americans. The overall goal of this study is to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for ADRD among Arab Americans ages 45 or older compared to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, Hispanics and Asian Americans. Data for 2000-2017 from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) using the region of birth question was be used (N=222,219). Percents, chi-square and logistic regression will be estimated. Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of ADRD was 10.3% for foreign-born Arab Americans compared to approximately 7.5% for US-born non-Hispanic whites (NHW), blacks and Asians. The prevalence of ADRD was 8.6% for Hispanics (all p-values &lt;.0001). When controlling for age and sex, Arab Americans were 1.4 times (OR=1.02,1.93) more likely to have ADRD compared to US-born NHW. This is the first study to focus on ADRD among Arab Americans and the findings suggest ADRD is a burden in this population. Future studies should capture other generations of Arab Americans to better understand the trend of ADRD among this understudied, often invisible population.
EMPOWERMENT AMONG FORMAL CAREGIVERS WORKING WITH PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA IN HOME CARE
Authors: McIlveen Heather A , Savundranayagam Marie Y , Orange J B , Kloseck Marita 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is significant literature on workplace empowerment that focuses on individuals in positions of power rather than those who lack it. However, there is limited research on empowerment of home care workers, such as personal support workers (PSW) who work in dementia care. Empowerment is an active process based on a multifaceted model consisting of four components: meaning, self-determination, impact and competence. This study explored the roles of education and employer support in empowering PSWs to care for persons with dementia who live at home. Empowerment was investigated using semi-structured interviews with PSWs (N=15). A phenomenological approach was to understand the lived experiences of home-care based PSWs who work with persons with dementia. Components of empowerment were reflected through five emerging themes: “providing best care”, “autonomy”, “employer support”, “career long learning”, and “experiential learning”. The theme “providing best care possible” support the component of meaning, which included the motivation for training among PSWs and their value of aging in place. The theme “autonomy” supported the component of self-determination, which focused on PSW workload and feelings regarding their control working in home care versus long term care. The theme “employer support” supported the component impact, which included both PSW compensation and their perceived lack of emotional support. Finally, the themes “career-long learning” and “experiential learning”, were linked with impact and competence components, respectively. Overall, these findings support relationships between education and employer support in empowering PSWs who care for persons with dementia who live at home.
REJECTION OF CARE, AGGRESSION, AND AGITATION IN PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA: A REVIEW OF DEFINITIONS IN DEMENTIA MEASURES
Authors: Choi Scott , Cajita Maan , Gitlin Laura N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective: To provide a systematic review of how rejection of care, aggression, and agitation are described and operationalized in existing measures of dementia-related behaviors with a particular focus on whether these behaviors are conceptualized as separate phenomena in rating scales. Methods: We reviewed two systematic reviews of behavioral measures in dementia to evaluate their definitions and operationalization of rejection, aggression, and agitation. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review of English-language peer-reviewed articles published from 1980 to 2017 to update the previous list instruments and identify additional measures that were not captured in previous reviews. Results: 43 instruments (23 general behavior measures, 20 symptom-specific measures) developed to measure behavioral symptoms were included. Of these, 25 (58.1%) included items related to rejection of care; 32 (74.4%) included aggression items; and 35 (81.4%) had agitation items. Descriptions and definitions of the behaviors were highly variable across instruments. 13 of 23 general measures and 3 of 20 symptom specific measures included items separately representing all three behaviors while the rest of the measures lacked items measuring one or two behaviors of our interest. Conclusions: The review demonstrated that rejection, aggression, and agitation are measured in most scales yet their measurement is highly variable and they are often not distinguished from each other. Researchers and clinicians need to consider each symptom in its own right and revise existing instruments to address possible misnomers to improve measurement of dementia behaviors.
SLOW WAVE SLEEP AND PAIN AFTER BEHAVIORAL INSOMNIA TREATMENT IN ADULTS OVER AGE 50 WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Heffner Kathi L , Heffner Kathi L , France Christopher R , Pigeon Wilfred R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sleep disturbance can aggravate pain, and we recently found that insomnia treatment improved osteoarthritis (OA) pain, lowered inflammation, and improved quality of life in middle-to-older aged adults. Inadequate slow wave sleep (SWS), known as deep or restorative sleep, can decline with aging and is linked to pain and inflammation. We examined how insomnia treatment affects SWS, and the relationship between SWS and pain. In a pilot trial, 33 adults, ages 51 to 74 years with OA-related knee pain and insomnia, were randomized to 6-session CBTi (n=16) or a weekly phone contact control group (n=17). The CBT-I group showed significantly more laboratory-measured SWS across a study night than controls after controlling for baseline SWS. Greater SWS intensity was associated with lower OA-related pain among the CBT-I group, but not among controls. These preliminary data suggest that behavioral sleep treatment may strengthen the beneficial influence of restorative sleep on pain.
RACIAL DISPARITIES IN HIP FRACTURE CARE
Authors: Ali Iman , Jang Jessica , Vattigunta Sanjana , Bansal Ankit , Srikumaran Uma 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Hip fractures are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Delaying surgery for more than 24 hours after presentation results in more complications, higher 30-day mortality rate, and longer stays in the hospital. As such, high-quality care should be provided consistently to an increasingly diverse patient population. We determined if race characteristics influence the quality of care provided to patients with hip fractures. We conducted a retrospective analysis on patients at our institution between January 2015 and December 2017. Patients were categorized as white, Black, Asian, and other. The primary outcome variable was the time between presentation to surgery. Other outcomes included length of hospital stay and narcotic pain medication consumption in the first 24 hours postoperatively. Adjusted analysis was performed, controlling for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists’ (ASA) classification of health, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). There were 1544 hip fracture patients included in the study. The majority of patients were white (84.1%) followed by Black (7.6%), Asian (4.5%), and other (3.7%). Most patients were female (69.6%). After adjusting for patient characteristics, Black patients experienced a significantly greater delay to surgery after presentation than white patients (42.1 vs. 34.9 hours). In addition, Black patients experienced significantly longer length of hospital stays compared to their white counterparts (6.9 vs. 5.8 days). Racial disparities in the quality of care provided to hip fracture patients persist even after adjusting for patient characteristics. Addressing these disparities can possibly enhance outcomes for minority patients.
SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D LEVELS IMPACT RISK OF EXTENSIVE ASSISTANCE NEEDED BY OLDER ADULTS TO WALK
Authors: Jenney Krista N , Robbins Ronna , Sweitzer Sara , Ranjit Nalini , Briley Margaret 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Study objective is to determine the association between deficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] serum levels and the amount of assistance needed to walk in a room by older adults living in long-term care (LTC) communities. Participants (age ≥ 65) from five LTC communities in Central Texas were recruited for a multi-site, cross-sectional study (n=169). Double-blinded data abstraction protocols were used to collect a one-year medical history. Laboratory blood draws measured serum 25(OH)D levels. Level of assistance was measured by the activities of daily living score for walking in room from section G of the Minimum Data Set (MDS). To determine the association between deficient 25(OH)D serum levels (≤20 ng/ml) and assistance with walking, adjusted logistic regression was used. Total vitamin D per day (supplementation and meals), therapy and/or restorative programs, body mass index, race, gender, age, and years living in the community were used as confounders. Of the 169 participants (mean age=83) 27.17% had deficient serum 25(OH)D and 9.25% required extensive assistance to walk in a room. The mean serum level and supplementation rate of participants was 32.61 ng/ml and 1,160.64 IU per/d, respectively. Participants with deficient 25(OH)D serum levels had significantly elevated odds (OR=8.73; CL: 1.28, 8.54; p=0.027) of requiring extensive assistance to walk in a room compared to those with adequate serum levels (&gt;20 ng/ml). Deficient 25(OH)D serum levels are associated with increased assistance to walk in a room indicating that adequate serum levels in LTC residents could potentially decrease burden on staff.