bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel hybrid genes and a splice site mutation encoding the Sta antigen among Japanese blood donors
Authors: Watanabe‐Okochi Naoko , Tsuneyama Hatsue , Isa Kazumi , Sasaki Kana , Suzuki Yumi , Yabe Ryuichi , Tsuno Nelson‐Hirokazu , Nakajima Kazunori , Ogasawara Kenichi , Uchikawa Makoto 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundThe low‐incidence antigen Sta of the MNS system is usually associated with the GP(B‐A) hybrid molecule, which carries the ‘N’ antigen at the N terminus. The GP(A‐A) molecule with trypsin‐resistant M antigen has been found in a few St(a+) individuals.Materials and MethodsAmong Japanese blood donors, we screened 24 292 individuals for the presence of St(a+) with trypsin‐resistant ‘N’ antigen and 193 009 individuals for the presence of St(a+) with trypsin‐resistant M antigen. The breakpoints responsible for the Sta antigen were analysed by sequencing the genomic DNAs.ResultsA total of 1001 (4·1%) individuals were identified as St(a+) with trypsin‐resistant ‘N’ antigen. Out of 1001 individuals, 115 were selected randomly for sequencing. Two novel GYP*Sch (GYP*401) variants with new intron 3 breakpoints of GYPA were detected in three cases. Twenty‐five (0·013%) individuals were identified as St(a+) with trypsin‐resistant M antigen. Five individuals had the GYP(A‐ψB‐A) hybrid allele; two of these five individuals were GYP*Zan (GYP*101.01), and the remaining three had a novel GYP(A‐ψB‐A) allele with the first breakpoint in GYPA exon A3 between c.178 and c.203. Nine individuals had a novel GYP(A‐E‐A) allele with GYPE exon E2 and pseudoexon E3 instead of GYPA exon A2 and A3. The 11 remaining individuals had a novel GYP(A‐A) allele with a 9‐bp deletion that included the donor splice site of intron 3 of GYPA.ConclusionOur finding on diversity of glycophorin genes responsible for Sta antigen provides evidence for further complexity in the MNS system.
A computed tomographic graphical approach to guide correction of femoral torsion
Authors: Eby Adam , Bleedorn Jason 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo report geometric methods to assess femoral transverse bone morphology and develop a virtual method to guide the surgical correction of femoral torsional deformities.Study designObservational study.Sample populationSixteen client‐owned dogs comprising 14 normal femurs and 14 femurs with angulation‐rotation bone deformities.MethodsFemoral torsion angle was measured with computed tomographic (CT) three‐dimensional (3D) multiplanar reconstruction. Distal femoral transverse morphology was estimated with geometric methods and compared to direct measurements to span a target 20° angle on 3D reconstructions. A virtual correction of 20° was performed, and 3D‐printed bone models were created. Femoral torsion of corrected bone models was compared to precorrection.ResultsGeometric estimates with an arc and chord of the metaphyseal area and chord of a best fit circle did not differ from direct measurement of femoral cortical length along the cranial cortex. Femoral torsion differed between normal femurs (25.8° ± 6°) and those with deformity (36.9° ± 8.4°, P < .001). Torsion that was measured on corrected 3D bone models did not differ from the expected torsion (preoperative +20°).ConclusionGeometric methods provided an accurate estimate of distal femoral transverse bone morphology. Rotation of the distal femur based on geometric methods resulted in an accurate correction of torsion.Clinical significanceFemoral bone diameter can be measured on a CT cross‐section, and rotation distance can be calculated to achieve a desired correction of torsion. This approach provides a simple and accurate method to guide the correction of femoral torsion.
Use of a bipolar sealing device to seal partial cystectomy with and without augmentation with a single‐layer simple continuous suture pattern in an ex vivo canine model
Authors: Scharf Valery F. , Milovancev Milan , Townsend Katy L. , Luff Jennifer A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the ability of a bipolar sealing device (BSD) to seal canine bladder tissue and to determine the influence of suture augmentation on resistance to leakage of sealed partial cystectomies.Study designEx vivo, simple randomized study.Sample populationUrinary bladders harvested from canine cadavers (n = 23).MethodsPartial cystectomy of the cranial third of each bladder was performed with a BSD. This seal was augmented with a simple continuous pattern of 4‐0 polydioxanone in half of the specimens. A pressure transducer inserted through the ureter measured intraluminal pressure at initial leakage and catastrophic failure as dyed saline was infused via a catheter inserted through the urethra. Initial leakage pressure and pressure at catastrophic failure were compared between sutured and nonsutured sealed partial cystectomies.ResultsSutured sealed cystectomies showed initial leakage at lower pressures compared to non‐sutured cystectomies (8.6 vs. 17.7 mm Hg; P = .0365) but were able to sustain greater pressures at catastrophic failure (34.3 vs. 21.8 mm Hg; P = .007). Catastrophic failure occurred along the seam of all nonsutured sealed cystectomies and at the suture holes in 10 of the 12 sutured bladders.ConclusionPartial cystectomies were effectively sealed with a BSD in this canine cadaveric bladder model. Augmentation with a simple continuous suture pattern increased the pressure at which catastrophic leakage occurred but lowered initial leak pressure.Clinical significanceThis study provides evidence supporting the evaluation of BSD use for partial cystectomy in live animals.
Epidemiological investigation of vascular etiological examinations in the diagnosis and treatment of lower‐extremity ulcers in China
Authors: Dong Jiaoyun , Tian Ming , Song Fei , Tang Jiajun , Liu Yingkai , Wu Minjie , Li Jian , Zhou Jingqi , Huang Lifang , Dong Wei , Lu Shuliang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe vascular causes of lower‐extremity ulcers cannot be neglected because they can directly affect treatment methods. No detailed epidemiological statistics have described vascular etiological diagnosis in China. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of clinical vascular etiological examination of lower‐extremity ulcers and improve the diagnosis and treatment effectiveness of lower‐extremity ulcers. Data were collected from the WoundCareLog database, which includes 2413 cases of lower‐extremity ulcers from 478 hospitals nationwide. Data analysis revealed that 1698 (70.4%) lower‐extremity blood flow examinations (including physical examination [PE] and assistant examinations [AE]) were performed, of which 61.7% were PE, 10.4% were AE only, and 27.9% were the combined PE and AE[PAE]. The proportion of nonexaminations was higher in the nondiabetic group than in the diabetic group (χ2 = 34.5; P < .01). The positive rates of vascular etiological examination in the diabetic and nondiabetic groups were 69.7% and 70.7%, respectively. Among the four economic regions of China, there were statistically significant differences in the use of the different examination methods. The examination of vascular diseases in lower‐extremity ulcers in China has not been fully popularized and requires improvement; there was no statistically significant difference between examination rates by doctors and nurses, which is mainly based on PE. However, PE has certain rates of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. The false‐positive and false‐negative rates were 25.7% and 57.6%, respectively. The use of an AE can compensate for this deficiency by making diagnosis more precise, while the quantitative diagnostic criteria allow disease diagnosis to transcend geographical and operator differences and maximize uniformity. The vascular B‐ultrasound examination is more suitable for the medical environment in China because of its mature technology, high hospital penetration rate, and low cost.
The eye in extreme environments
Authors: Jaki Mekjavic Polona , Tipton Michael J. , Mekjavic Igor B 
Published: May 2020

New Findings
What is the topic of this review?
This review describes the effect of extreme environments on the visual system.
What advances does it highlight?
The review highlights the way in which environmental stressors affect the eye and vision, both directly and indirectly.
AbstractMuch is known about the physiology and anatomy of the eye. Much less is known about the impact of different environments on the eye, and yet it is the pathophysiology that results from this interaction that is often the precursor to disaster. The present review focuses on the effect of different extreme environments on the visual system; in particular, the way in which such environments affect the sensory mechanism of that system.
Montecito debris flows of 9 January 2018: Physical processes and social implications
Authors: Keller Edward , Adamaitis Chandler , Alessio Paul , Goto Erica , Gray Summer 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Montecito, California, has a complicated Quaternary history of debris flows, the most recent being the Montecito debris flows of 9 January 2018, which were wildfire-debris flow–linked events that took 23 lives and damaged or destroyed several hundred homes. Relative flow chronology, based on boulder weathering, incision rates, and soil dates with limited numerical (radiocarbon and exposure) dating, is used to identify paths of prehistoric debris flows. Topography of debris flow fans on the piedmont is significantly affected by the south-side-up reverse Mission Ridge fault system. Examination of weathering rinds from Pleistocene debris flows confirms that the Rattlesnake Creek–Mission ridge debris flows are folded over the ridge, and that lateral propagation linked to uplift of marine terraces (uplift rate of ~0.5–1 m/k.y.) significantly altered debris flow paths. As communities continue to rebuild and live in these hazard-prone areas, disaster risk reduction measures must take into account both spatial and temporal components of vulnerability.
This field guide includes four stops from Montecito to Santa Barbara. The first stop will be to observe debris flow stratigraphy over the past ~30 ka beneath an earthquake terrace and a prehistoric Chumash site on the beach near the Biltmore Hotel in Montecito. The second stop will be at San Ysidro Creek in San Ysidro Canyon, the site of the largest Montecito debris flow that occurred on 9 January 2018. We will discuss source area and processes of the debris flow, and take a short hike up the canyon to visit the debris flow basin and a ring net designed to reduce the future hazard. The final two stops will explore the debris flow chronology of Santa Barbara over the past ~100 ka. Figure 1 shows the location of the field-trip stops. There is no road log as field sites can be found with a search on a smartphone.
Structure, metamorphism, and geodynamic significance of the Catalina Schist terrane
Authors: Platt* John P. , Grove* Marty , Kimbrough* David L. , Jacobson* Carl E. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
This guide begins with an overview of the internal structure and petrology of the Catalina Schist terrane as exposed on Santa Catalina Island, California, followed by a discussion of the tectonic setting and exhumational history of the terrane, and the Cenozoic tectonic and geological evolution of the Inner Borderland, within which it lies. The guide then presents an itinerary for a three-day field trip from 9–11 May 2020. Next, we present a tectonic model for the formation of the Catalina Schist, followed by a discussion of its relationship to the Pelona, Orocopia, Rand, and related schists in southern California.
Measuring functional recovery in somatic symptom and related disorders: a scoping review
Authors: Winarizal Afiah Salsabila , Horvath Anita , Sawyer Susan M 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveSomatic symptom and related disorders (SSRDs) are prevalent, heterogenous conditions that have the potential to profoundly affect normative function in children and adolescents. Yet there is little understanding of pathways to recovery. This study aimed to systematically scope how functional recovery has been measured in children and adolescents with SSRD .DesignScoping review of primary studies.MethodMedline (Ovid) and PsychInfo were systematically searched for publications from January 1998 to April 2019. Primary studies in English that reported functional outcomes of children and adolescents with SSRD were included. Case reports and population studies were excluded. Within the tools and clinician notes, the core domains of functional outcome were identified.ResultsSixteen studies were identified that used 11 different functional outcome tools. The domains assessed within these functional outcome tools, together with the domains noted by clinicians, included physical and mental health symptoms, as well as school attendance and academic outcomes, recreational participation, impact on family and service utilisation. There was no evidence of a preferred outcome measure as only two of the tools were used in more than one study.ConclusionsThe variability of tools and domains used to measure functional recovery in children and adolescents with SSRD suggests lack of conceptual agreement about what constitutes functional recovery. Continued focus on symptom measurement or mental health comorbidities risks limiting research to single types of disorder (eg, functional neurological disability) or interventions, which threatens a much needed wider research agenda around appropriate treatment, including of complex and persistent disorders.
Hepatocellular carcinoma tumour volume doubling time: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nathani Piyush , Gopal Purva , Rich Nicole , Yopp Adam , Yokoo Takeshi , John Binu , Marrero Jorge , Parikh Neehar , Singal Amit G 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundTumour growth patterns have important implications for surveillance intervals, prognostication and treatment decisions but have not been well described for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of our study was to characterise HCC doubling time and identify correlates for indolent and rapid growth patterns.MethodsWe performed a systematic literature review of Medline and EMBASE databases from inception to December 2019 and national meeting abstracts from 2010 to 2018. We identified studies reporting HCC tumour growth or tumour volume doubling time (TVDT), without intervening treatment, and abstracted data to calculate TVDT and correlates of growth patterns (rapid defined as TVDT <3 months and indolent as TVDT >9 months). Pooled TVDT was calculated using a random-effects model.ResultsWe identified 20 studies, including 1374 HCC lesions in 1334 patients. The pooled TVDT was 4.6 months (95% CI 3.9 to 5.3 months I2=94%), with 35% classified as rapid, 27.4% intermediate and 37.6% indolent growth. In subgroup analysis, studies from Asia reported shorter TVDT than studies elsewhere (4.1 vs 5.8 months). The most consistent correlates of rapid tumour growth included hepatitis B aetiology, smaller tumour size (continuous), alpha fetoprotein doubling time and poor tumour differentiation. Studies were limited by small sample sizes, measurement bias and selection bias.ConclusionTVDT of HCC is approximately 4–5 months; however, there is heterogeneity in tumour growth patterns, including more aggressive patterns in Asian hepatitis B-predominant populations. Identifying correlates of tumour growth patterns is important to better individualise HCC prognostication and treatment decisions.
Tobacco smoking among chrysotile asbestos workers in Asbest in the Russian Federation
Authors: Olsson Ann , Kovalevskiy Evgeny V , Talibov Madar , Moissonnier Monika , Byrnes Graham , Bouaoun Liacine , Schonfeld Sara J , Feletto Eleonora , Kashanskiy Sergey V , Ostroumova Evgenia , Kromhout Hans , Bukhtiyarov Igor V , Schüz Joachim 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesA historical cohort study of cancer mortality is being conducted among workers in a chrysotile mine and its enrichment factories in the town of Asbest, Russian Federation. Because individual-level information on tobacco use is not available for Asbest Chrysotile Cohort members, a cross-sectional survey of smoking behaviours was conducted among active and retired workers.MethodsSelf-administered questionnaires were completed by active workers during meetings organised by occupational safety personnel. Retired workers completed questionnaires during meetings of the Veterans Council or were interviewed via telephone or in person. Of the respondents, 46% could be linked to the Asbest Chrysotile Cohort. Among those, logistic regression models were used to assess associations between smoking and cumulative dust exposure.ResultsAmong men, smoking prevalence was high and relatively consistent across birth decades (average, 66%), and was similar in workers across all levels of cumulative dust exposure (p trend, 0.44). Among women, the prevalence increased from <10% in those born before 1960 to 30% in those born after 1980, and smoking was associated with exposure to dust versus not exposed to dust (p value, 0.006), but did not vary appreciably across workers in different cumulative dust exposure categories (p trend, 0.29).ConclusionsOur study suggests that cross-sectional surveys may be a useful tool for understanding the potential health impact from smoking in occupational cohorts, including possible confounding by smoking. This survey showed that adjustment at the age group level among women is needed to reduce residual confounding and account for smoking patterns, which have changed substantially over time.
Multiphoton signals of a (96 GeV?) stealth boson
Authors: Aguilar-Saavedra J. A. , Joaquim F. R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCascade decays of new scalars into final states with multiple photons and possibly quarks may lead to distinctive experimental signatures at high-energy colliders. Such signals are even more striking if the scalars are highly boosted, as when produced from the decay of a much heavier resonance. We study this type of events within the framework of the minimal stealth boson model, an anomaly-free $$\text {U}(1)_{Y'}$$

U

(
1
)

Y
′

extension of the Standard Model with two complex scalar singlets. It is shown that, while those signals may have cross sections that might render them observable with LHC Run 2 data, they have little experimental coverage. We also establish a connection with a CMS excess observed in searches for new scalars decaying into diphoton final states near 96 GeV. In particular, we conclude that the predicted multiphoton signatures are compatible with such excess.
Conformally invariant proper time with general non-metricity
Authors: Delhom Adrià , Lobo Iarley P. , Olmo Gonzalo J. , Romero Carlos 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe show that the definition of proper time for Weyl-invariant space-times given by Perlick naturally extends to spaces with arbitrary non-metricity. We then discuss the relation between this generalized proper time and the Ehlers–Pirani–Schild definition of time when there is arbitrary non-metricity. Then we show how this generalized proper time suffers from a second clock effect. Assuming that muons are a device to measure this proper time, we constrain the non-metricity tensor on Earth’s surface and then elaborate on the feasibility of such assumption.
Charged reflecting shells supporting non-minimally coupled massless scalar field configurations
Authors: Hod Shahar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe study analytically the physical and mathematical properties of spatially regular massless scalar field configurations which are non-minimally coupled to the electromagnetic field of a spherically symmetric charged reflecting shell. In particular, the Klein–Gordon wave equation for the composed charged-reflecting-shell-nonminimally-coupled-linearized-massless-scalar-field system is solved analytically. Interestingly, we explicitly prove that the discrete resonance spectrum $$\{R_{\text {s}}(Q,\alpha ,l;n)\}^{n=\infty }_{n=1}$${Rs(Q,α,l;n)}n=1n=∞ of charged shell radii that can support the non-minimally coupled massless scalar fields can be expressed in a remarkably compact form in terms of the characteristic zeros of the Bessel function (here Q, $$\alpha $$α, and l are respectively the electric charge of the central supporting shell, the dimensionless non-minimal coupling parameter of the Maxwell-scalar theory, and the angular harmonic index of the supported scalar configuration).
Scalar 1-loop Feynman integrals as meromorphic functions in space-time dimension d, II: special kinematics
Authors: Phan Khiem Hong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBased on the method developed in Phan and Riemann (Phys Lett B 791:257, 2019), detailed analytic results for scalar one-loop two-, three-, four-point integrals in general d-dimension are presented in this paper. The calculations are considered all external kinematic configurations and internal mass assignments. Analytic formulas are expressed in terms of generalized hypergeometric series such as Gauss $$_2F_1$$2F1, Appell $$F_1$$F1 and Lauricella $$F_S$$FS functions.
Enhanced room temperature ammonia sensing properties of polypyrrole–zinc tin oxide nanocomposite
Authors: Juybari Seyede Azadeh Hejazi , Moghaddam Hossain Milani 
Published: May 2020

Polypyrrole (PPy)–Zn2SnO4 nanocomposites with different weight percentages (0–20%) of Zn2SnO4 were successfully prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization. The prepared nanocomposites were deposited on epoxy glass substrate using a spin coating technique and have been characterized using various techniques such as X-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. The physicochemical characterization confirmed well-formed dodecylbenzene (DBSA)-doped PPy–Zn2SnO4 nanocomposites with granular morphology and high porosity. Among various nanocompositions, DBSA-doped PPy–Zn2SnO4 (10 wt.%) nanocomposite was found to be highly sensitive towards NH3 vapor at room temperature i.e. with a chemiresistive response of 5.44% at 27 ppm with a reasonably fast recovery time of 76 s. Additionally, it shows a linear response and appropriate recovery time at all concentrations of NH3 vapor. The DBSA-doped PPy–Zn2SnO4 nanocomposite response is four times better than pure PPy toward NH3 vapor at room temperature. Therefore, it is expected that such material with excellent gas sensing properties at room temperature can be used for high-performance NH3 sensors.