bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Targeted and High‐Efficiency Nanosystem for Combinational Therapy for Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Yang Han , Mu Weihang , Wei Daohe , Zhang Yue , Duan Yue , Gao Jun‐xiao , Gong Xiao‐qun , Wang Han‐jie , Wu Xiao‐li , Tao Huaying , Chang Jin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) remains the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, and no effective treatment is available yet. Metal‐ion‐triggered aggregates of amyloid‐beta (Aβ) peptide and acetylcholine imbalance are reported to be possible factors in AD pathogenesis. Thus, a combination therapy that can not only inhibit and reduce Aβ aggregation but also simultaneously regulate acetylcholine imbalance that can serve as a potential treatment for AD is needed. Here, clioquinol (metal‐ion chelating agent) and donepezil (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor) co‐encapsulated human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles (dcHGT NPs) are designed, which are modified with transcriptional activator protein (TAT) and monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1). The GM1 lipid and TAT peptide endow this drug delivery nanosystem with high brain entry efficiency and long‐term retention capabilities through intranasal administration. It is found that dcHGT NPs can significantly inhibit and eliminate Aβ aggregation, relieve acetylcholine‐related inflammation in microglial cells, and protect primary neurons from Aβ oligomer‐induced neurotoxicity in vitro. The alleviation of Aβ‐related inflammation and AChE‐inhibited effect further synergistically adjust acetylcholine imbalance. It is further demonstrated that dcHGT NPs reduce Aβ deposition, ameliorate neuron morphological changes, rescue memory deficits, and greatly improve acetylcholine regulation ability in vivo. This multifunctional synergetic nanosystem can be a new candidate to achieve highly efficient combination therapy for AD.
Bioinspired DNA Nanointerface with Anisotropic Aptamers for Accurate Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells
Authors: Qin Weiwei , Chen Liang , Wang Zhiru , Li Qian , Fan Chunhai , Wu Minhao , Zhang Yuanqing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe capture and analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have provided a non‐invasive entry for cancer diagnosis and disease monitoring. Despite recent development in affinity‐based CTCs isolation, it remains challenging to achieve efficient capture toward CTCs with dynamic surface expression. Enlightened by the synergistic effect insideimmune synapses, the development of a nanointerface engineered with topology‐defined anisotropic aptamers programmed by DNA scaffold (DNA nanosynapse), for accurate CTCs isolation, is herein reported. As compared to isotropic aptamers, the DNA nanosynapse exhibits enhanced anchoring on the cell membrane with both high and low epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) expression. This nanointerface enables accurate capture toward CTCs of heterogeneous EpCAM, without dramatically proportional change inside the mixture of diverse phenotypes. By applying this nanoplatform, CTCs detection as well as downstream analysis for measuring disease status can be achieved in clinical samples from breast cancer patients.
Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks as Zn2+ Modulation Layers to Enable Dendrite‐Free Zn Anodes
Authors: Liu Xiaoqing , Yang Fan , Xu Wei , Zeng Yinxiang , He Jinjun , Lu Xihong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractZinc (Zn) holds great promise as a desirable anode material for next‐generation rechargeable batteries. However, the uncontrollable dendrite growth and low coulombic efficiency of the Zn plating/stripping process severely impede further practical applications of Zn‐based batteries. Here, these roadblocks are removed by using in situ grown zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) as the ion modulation layer to tune the diffusion behavior of Zn2+ ions on Zn anodes. The well‐ordered nanochannels and N species of ZIF‐8 can effectively homogenize Zn2+ flux distribution and modulate the plating/stripping rate, ensuring uniform Zn deposition without dendrite growth. The Zn corrosion and hydrogen evolution are also alleviated by the insulating nature of ZIF‐8, resulting in high coulombic efficiency. Therefore, the Zn@ZIF anode shows highly reversible, dendrite‐free Zn plating/stripping behavior under a broad range of current densities, and a symmetric cell using this anode can work correctly up to 1200 h with a low polarization at 2 mA cm−2. Moreover, this ultrastable Zn@ZIF anode also enables a full Zn ion battery with outstanding cyclic stability (10 000 cycles).
Degradation of High‐Nickel‐Layered Oxide Cathodes from Surface to Bulk: A Comprehensive Structural, Chemical, and Electrical Analysis
Authors: Ko Dong‐Su , Park Jun‐Ho , Yu Byong Yong , Ahn Docheon , Kim Kihong , Han Heung Nam , Jeon Woo Sung , Jung Changhoon , Manthiram Arumugram 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMultiple applications of lithium‐ion batteries in energy storage systems and electric vehicles require highly stable electrode materials for long‐term battery operation. Among the various cathode materials, high‐Ni cathode materials enable a high energy density. However, cathode degradation accompanied by complex chemical and structural changes results in capacity and voltage fading in batteries. Cathode degradation remains poorly understood; the majority of studies have only explored the oxidation states of transition‐metal ions in localized areas and have rarely evaluated chemical degradation in complete particles after prolonged cycling. This study systematically investigates the degradation of a high‐Ni cathode by comparing the chemical, structural, and electrical changes in pristine and 500 times‐cycled cathodes. Electron probe micro‐analysis and X‐ray energy dispersive spectroscopy reveal changes in the Ni:O ratio from 1:2 to 1:1 over a large area inside the secondary particle. Electron energy loss spectroscopy analysis related to structural changes is performed for the entire primary particle area to visualize the oxidation state of transition‐metal ions in two dimensions. The results imply that the observed monotonic capacity fade without unusual changes is due to the continuous formation of the Ni2+ phase from the surface to the bulk through chemical and structural degradation.
An Urgent Call to Spent LIB Recycling: Whys and Wherefores for Graphite Recovery
Authors: Natarajan Subramanian , Aravindan Vanchiappan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSpent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are a key source for securing tons of raw materials that are valuable materials for LIB applications. However, the massive emerging volume of spent LIBs urgently needs a new management strategy to recycle/reuse all components of spent LIBs, particularly the graphite before it becomes a “future critical material” like Li and Co. Many elements in LIB electrodes can now be recycled, however graphite has till now, been largely overlooked. Some research groups have begun examining possible strategies for the reuse of graphite for energy storage applications. This work has delivered some promising results that may help to achieve this goal on an industrial scale
The Impact of Criminal Record Stigma on Quality of Life: A Test of Theoretical Pathways
Authors: McWilliams Elaina R. , Hunter Bronwyn A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAcross multiple stigmatized groups, research suggests that stigma may negatively impact individual wellbeing. This impact often occurs through a sequential pathway that includes perceiving societal stigma, a diminished and stereotyped self‐concept (i.e., internalized stigma), experiences of discrimination and rejection, and attempts to cope with stigma (e.g., secrecy or withdrawal). While prior research supports individual links within this pathway, no study has evaluated a model representing the relationships between all of these factors in relation to criminal record stigma. This study utilized cross‐sectional data from an online survey of 198 adults to test the pathways through which criminal record‐related stigma impacts individual quality of life. The results indicated that perceived stigma was a significant predictor of discrimination and rejection experiences, secrecy coping strategies, and decreased quality of life. There was also a significant indirect association between perceived stigma and quality of life through secrecy coping. Consistent with recent criminal record stigma research, internalized stigma was low among respondents. These findings point to the importance of reducing criminal record stigma and discrimination, so that individuals with criminal records have more opportunities to enhance their quality of life without having to withdraw from society or keep their record a secret.
The complex karyotype and chronic lymphocytic leukemia: prognostic value and diagnostic recommendations
Authors: Jondreville Ludovic , Krzisch Daphné , Chapiro Elise , Nguyen‐Khac Florence 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChromosomal abnormalities are frequently observed in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and have prognostic value. Deletions of the short arm of chromosome 17 (and/or mutations TP53) predict resistance to chemoimmunotherapy and shorter progression‐free survival after targeted therapies. Although the complex karyotype (CK) is strongly predictive of a poor prognosis in hematologic malignancies such acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome, its value in CLL is subject to debate. Here, we review the literature on the CK in CLL and examine its prognostic value with different treatments. We also propose a standardized method for defining a CK in all types of hematopoietic neoplasm.
Biallelic loss of function variants in SYT2 cause a treatable congenital onset presynaptic myasthenic syndrome
Authors: Donkervoort Sandra , Mohassel Payam , Laugwitz Lucia , Zaki Maha S. , Kamsteeg Erik‐Jan , Maroofian Reza , Chao Katherine R. , Verschuuren‐Bemelmans Corien C. , Horber Veronka , Fock Annemarie J. M. , McCarty Riley M. , Jain Minal S. , Biancavilla Victoria , McMacken Grace , Nalls Matthew , Voermans Nicol C. , Elbendary Hasnaa M. , Snyder Molly , Cai Chunyu , Lehky Tanya J. , Stanley Valentina , Iannaccone Susan T. , Foley A. Reghan , Lochmüller Hanns , Gleeson Joseph , Houlden Henry , Haack Tobias B. , Horvath Rita , Bönnemann Carsten G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSynaptotagmins are integral synaptic vesicle membrane proteins that function as calcium sensors and regulate neurotransmitter release at the presynaptic nerve terminal. Synaptotagmin‐2 (SYT2), is the major isoform expressed at the neuromuscular junction. Recently, dominant missense variants in SYT2 have been reported as a rare cause of distal motor neuropathy and myasthenic syndrome, manifesting with stable or slowly progressive distal weakness of variable severity along with presynaptic NMJ impairment. These variants are thought to have a dominant‐negative effect on synaptic vesicle exocytosis, although the precise pathomechanism remains to be elucidated. Here we report seven patients of five families, with biallelic loss of function variants in SYT2, clinically manifesting with a remarkably consistent phenotype of severe congenital onset hypotonia and weakness, with variable degrees of respiratory involvement. Electrodiagnostic findings were consistent with a presynaptic congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) in some. Treatment with an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor pursued in three patients showed clinical improvement with increased strength and function. This series further establishes SYT2 as a CMS‐disease gene and expands its clinical and genetic spectrum to include recessive loss‐of‐function variants, manifesting as a severe congenital onset presynaptic CMS with potential treatment implications.
Sharp Switching of DNAzyme Activity through the Formation of a CuII‐Mediated Carboxyimidazole Base Pair
Authors: Takezawa Yusuke , Hu Lingyun , Nakama Takahiro , Shionoya Mitsuhiko 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDNAzymes are widely used as functional units for creating DNA‐based sensors and devices. Switching of DNAzyme activity by external stimuli is of increasing interest. Herein we report a CuII‐responsive DNAzyme rationally designed by incorporating one of the most stabilizing artificial metallo‐base pairs, a CuII‐mediated carboxyimidazole base pair (ImC‐CuII‐ImC), into a known RNA‐cleaving DNAzyme. Cleavage of the substrate was suppressed without CuII, but the reaction proceeded efficiently in the presence of CuII ions. This is due to the induction of a catalytically active structure by ImC‐CuII‐ImC pairing. The on/off ratio was as high as 12‐fold, which far exceeds that of the previously reported DNAzyme with a CuII‐mediated hydroxypyridone base pair. The DNAzyme activity can be regulated specifically in response to CuII ions during the reaction through the addition, removal, or reduction of CuII. This approach should advance the development of stimuli‐responsive DNA systems with a well‐defined sharp switching function.
Die Natur starker Chalkogenbindungen unter Beteiligung chalkogenhaltiger Heterocyclen
Authors: Haberhauer Gebhard , Gleiter Rolf 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChalkogenbindungen sind Sigma‐Hole‐Wechselwirkungen und kommen seit einiger Zeit als Alternative zu Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen zum Einsatz. In der Regel werden das elektrostatische Potential am Chalkogenatom und Delokalisierungseffekte für die Orientierung der Chalkogenbindung verantwortlich gemacht. Wir konnten jedoch mithilfe von SAPT‐Berechnungen zeigen, dass weder der induktive Term (Delokalisierungseffekte) noch der elektrostatische Term die räumliche Orientierung starker Chalkogenbindungen in tellurhaltigen Aromaten verursacht. Stattdessen sind sterische Wechselwirkungen (Pauli‐Abstoßung) für die Geometrie der Chalkogenbindung ausschlaggebend. Entgegen der chemischen Intuition sind die Dispersionsenergien der untersuchten tellurhaltigen Aromaten im Vergleich zu den Dispersionsenergien der entsprechenden Schwefel‐ und Selenverbindungen weitaus weniger relevant für die Gesamtanziehungskraft. Unsere Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung der häufig übersehenen sterischen Wechselwirkungen (Pauli‐Repulsion) in der Konformationskontrolle von Sigma‐Hole‐Wechselwirkungen.
How Far Does Energy Migrate in DNA and Cause Damage? Evidence for Long‐Range Photodamage to DNA
Authors: Kuhlmann Arthur , Bihr Larissa , Wagenknecht Hans‐Achim 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA new DNA architecture addresses the question, how far energy migrates in DNA and forms cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) as photodamages causing skin cancer. The 3‐methoxyxanthone nucleoside allows site‐selective photoenergy injection into DNA. The designated CPD site lacks the phosphodiester bond and can be placed in defined distances. The CPD formation links two oligonucleotides together and allows probing by gel electrophoresis. We obtained a sigmoidal distance dependence with R0 of 25±3 Å. Below R0, short‐range energy migration occurs with high CPD yields and shallow distance dependence, characteristic for a coherent process. 5‐methyl‐C as epigenetic modification on the 3′‐side facilitates CPD formation. Above R0, long‐range incoherent energy migration occurs over 30 A‐T pairs (105.4 Å). The evidence of long‐range CPD formation is fundamental for our understanding of DNA photodamaging. Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
Ferroelectric Behavior of an Octahedral Metal‐Ligand Cage and Its 2D‐Connected Cage Framework
Authors: Prajesh Neetu , Yadav Ashok , Gourkhede Rani , Praveenkumar Balu , Steiner Alexander , Boomishankar Ramamoorthy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSupramolecular systems hold great potential as ferroelectric materials because they are easy to prepare and do not require toxic and environmentally damaging elements. However, directing the self‐assembly process of a supramolecular array to yield polarizable solids is still challenging. Here, we describe induced ferroelectricity in a supramolecular framework of metal‐organic cages that are supported by a flexible tripodal ligand (NHCH2‐(3‐Py))3PO (TPPA). Ferroelectric responses on the discrete cage [Cu6(H2O)12(TPPA)8](NO3)12 ⋅ 45H2O (1) and its 2D‐connected framework [{Cu6Cl4(H2O)6(TPPA)8}(NO3)8 ⋅ 60H2O]n (2) yielded well‐resolved rectangular hysteresis loops at room temperature with remnant polarization values of 27.27 and 29.09 μC/cm2, respectively. Thermal hysteresis measurements (THM) and capacitance‐voltage (C−V) plots further corroborate the ferroelectric behavior in these compounds. The polarization in them is due to the displacements of solvated molecules and nitrate ions in the pockets of these frameworks.
Defect‐Rich Co−CoOx‐Graphene Nanocatalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Production from Ammonia Borane
Authors: Guan Shuyan , Zhang Lina , Zhang Huanhuan , Guo Yong , Liu Baozhong , Wen Hao , Fan Yanping , Li Baojun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChemical hydrogen storage ammonia borane has attracted extensive attention as a method of efficient utilization of hydrogen energy. The high‐efficiency catalysts are the main factor restricting the hydrogen production of ammonia borane. In this paper, the synergistic effect of Co and CoOx supported on graphene (named Co−CoOx@GO‐II) promotes the efficient hydrogen production of ammonia borane, and its catalytic hydrogen production rate can reach 5813 mL min−1 gCo−1 at 298 K, the corresponding TOF is 15.33 min−1. After five stability tests, Co−CoOx @GO‐II maintained 65% of its original catalytic performance. The synergy of metal and metal oxide and the defects in the atomic arrangement ensure the catalytic activity, the large specific surface area of graphene ensures the dispersion and fixation. This strategy may provide a possibility to design high‐performance transition metal catalysts.
A Reverse Strategy to Restore the Moisture‐deteriorated Luminescence Properties and Improve the Humidity Resistance of Mn4+‐doped Fluoride Phosphors
Authors: Liu Lili , Wu Di , He Shengan , Ouyang Zejian , Zhang Junfei , Du Fu , Peng Jiaqing , Yang Fengli , Ye Xinyu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFluoride phosphors as red components for warm white LEDs have attracted a tremendous amount of research attention. But these phosphors are extremely sensitive to moisture, which seriously limits their practical industrial applications. To tackle this problem, unlike all the straightforward preventive strategies, a reverse strategy “Good comes from bad” was successfully developed to treat the degraded K2SiF6 : Mn4+ (D‐KSFM) phosphor in the present study, which not only completely restores the luminescence properties, but also significantly enhances the moisture resistance at the same time. After treatment with an oxalic acid solution as restoration modifier, the emission intensity of the D‐KSFM phosphor can be restored to 103.7% of the original K2SiF6 : Mn4+ red phosphor (O‐KSFM), and the moisture resistance is remarkably improved. The restored K2SiF6 : Mn4+ (R‐KSFM) maintains approximately 62.3% of its initial relative emission intensity after immersing in deionized water for 300 min, while the reference commercial K2SiF6 : Mn4+ with a protective coating (C‐KSFM) is only 33.2%. As a proof of general applicability, this strategy was also conducted to K2TiF6 : Mn4+ phosphor, which is less moisture‐stable than K2SiF6 : Mn4+. The luminescence intensity of the degraded K2TiF6 : Mn4+ (D‐KTFM) phosphor can be restored to 162.6% of original level of the K2TiF6 : Mn4+ synthesized through a cation exchange approach without any treatment (O‐KTFM). The emission intensity of the restored K2TiF6 : Mn4+ (R‐KTFM) phosphor retains 62.8% of its initial emission intensity after soaking in deionized water for 300 min. Finally, the R‐KSFM phosphors were packaged into white light‐emitting diodes with blue InGaN chips and Y3Al5O12 : Ce3+ yellow phosphors. The WLEDs display excellent color rendition with higher color rendering index, lower color temperature (WLED‐II: Ra=83.6, R9=57.3, 3743 K, ηl=199.68 lm/W; WLED‐III: Ra=90.4, R9=94.2, 2892 K, ηl=183.3 1 m/W). The above results show that the reverse strategy can be applied in those phosphor materials with poor moisture resistance to restore luminescence properties and improve moisture resistance without excessively care about the deterioration during the production, storage and transportation.
Leader–follower consensus for multi‐agent systems with external disturbances generated by heterogeneous nonlinear exosystems
Authors: Mu Rui , Wei Airong , Li Haitao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the leader–follower consensus problem is investigated for multi‐agent systems subject to external disturbances generated by heterogeneous nonlinear exosystems. First, the disturbance observers are developed for each follower to effectively estimate the nonlinear disturbances. Then, based on the presented observers, the distributed state and output feedback consensus protocols are proposed to guarantee that the consensus tracking errors converge to zero asymptotically, and meanwhile to reject the nonlinear disturbances. Particularly, the output feedback protocol can be designed and implemented without any global information about the whole network, which means it is fully distributed. Finally, two numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the results.
Anatomical templates for tissue (re)generation and beyond
Authors: Mavaro Isabella , De Felice Elena , Palladino Antonio , D'Angelo Livia , de Girolamo Paolo , Attanasio Chiara 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a valuable alternative to stem cells in regenerative medicine overcoming their ethical limitations, like embryo disruption. Takahashi and Yamanaka in 2006 reprogrammed, for the first time, mouse fibroblasts into iPSCs through the retroviral delivery of four reprogramming factors: Oct3/4, Sox2, c‐Myc, and Klf4. Since then, several studies started reporting the derivation of iPSC lines from animals other than rodents for translational and veterinary medicine. Here, we review the potential of using these cells for further intriguing applications, such as “cellular agriculture.” iPSCs, indeed, can be a source of in vitro, skeletal muscle tissue, namely “cultured meat,” a product that improves animal welfare and encourages the consumption of healthier meat along with environmental preservation. Also, we report the potential of using iPSCs, obtained from endangered species, for therapeutic treatments for captive animals and for assisted reproductive technologies as well. This review offers a unique opportunity to explore the whole spectrum of iPSC applications from regenerative translational and veterinary medicine to the production of artificial meat and the preservation of currently endangered species.