bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Is Associated With Aberrant Endplate Remodeling and Reduced Small Molecule Transport
Authors: Ashinsky Beth G , Bonnevie Edward D , Mandalapu Sai A , Pickup Stephen , Wang Chao , Han Lin , Mauck Robert L , Smith Harvey E , Gullbrand Sarah E 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
The intervertebral disc is the largest avascular structure in the body, and cells within the disc rely on diffusive transport via vasculature located within the vertebral endplate to receive nutrients, eliminate waste products, and maintain disc health. However, the mechanisms by which small molecule transport into the disc occurs in vivo and how these parameters change with disc degeneration remain understudied. Here, we utilize an in vivo rabbit puncture disc degeneration model to study these interactions and provide evidence that remodeling of the endplate adjacent to the disc occurs concomitant with degeneration. Our results identify significant increases in endplate bone volume fraction, increases in microscale stiffness of the soft tissue interfaces between the disc and vertebral bone, and reductions in endplate vascularity and small molecule transport into the disc as a function of degenerative state. A neural network model identified changes in diffusion into the disc as the most significant predictor of disc degeneration. These findings support the critical role of trans-endplate transport in disease progression and will improve patient selection to direct appropriate surgical intervention and inform new therapeutic approaches to improve disc health. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. Published 2020. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Improved performances of lithium carbonate coated graphite in the piperidinium‐based hybrid electrolyte for lithium‐ion battery
Authors: Gao Kun , Li Shu‐Dan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe lithium carbonate (Li2CO3)‐coated carbon microbead composites (LCO/CMB‐T) with the coating amount of 1.07, 2.88, and 7.39% are prepared by the impregnation process (IP). Three LCO/CMB‐T samples are first used in the piperidinium‐based hybrid electrolyte. It is found that the long charge–discharge cycles did not result in the decomposition or exfoliation of Li2CO3 coating. They can effectively prevent graphite electrode from exfoliation and suppress the graphite/electrolyte interfacial reaction. In three tested samples (IP‐1.07%, IP‐2.88% and IP‐7.39% for short), the IP‐2.88% sample showed the best cell performances and the highest capacity retention (82.9%) after 50 cycles. This work gives a new design method for the application of graphite materials in the ionic liquid‐based electrolyte.
Assessing vascular characteristics of the fetal descending aorta: A feasibility study
Authors: Evanoff Nicholas G. , Dengel Donald R. , Narasimhan Shanti 
Published: March 2020

AbstractResearch describing fetal arterial structure and function is lacking within the literature. This study's purpose was to measure intima‐media thickness (IMT), compliance and distensibility of 24‐ to 25‐week fetuses' abdominal aortas using conventional ultrasonography from 16 diabetic (DM) and 25 non‐diabetic mothers (NDM). We found no significant differences in fetal abdominal aorta IMT (P = .68), diameter distensibility (P = .22), or cross‐sectional distensibility (P = .23). However, both fetal abdominal aortic diameter compliance (P = .03) and cross‐sectional compliance (P = .005) were greater in DM than in NDM (P = .005). This study demonstrates that it is possible and potentially useful to measure fetal abdominal aorta biometrics and biomechanical characteristics.
Exploring the barriers preventing Indigenous Australians from accessing cancer genetic counseling
Authors: Gonzalez Tina , Harris Rebecca , Williams Rachel , Wadwell Rose , Barlow‐Stewart Kristine , Fleming Jane , Buckman Melissa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn Australia, individuals of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander descent (Indigenous Australians) have poorer health outcomes than the general population, including higher incidence of cancer and reduced life expectancy up to 14 years compared to non‐Indigenous Australians. Although differences in engagement with healthcare and beliefs about disease/cancer exist between Indigenous communities, a number of common barriers have been identified hindering attendance at mainstream health services. To inform exploration of barriers that may impact access to a cancer genetic counseling service, consultations with Aboriginal stakeholders were undertaken. Ethical principles for studies that engage Indigenous communities were followed throughout the research endeavor. Using a stakeholder‐endorsed focus group approach, the views of an Aboriginal Elders group (n = 9) were sought with additional semi‐structured interviews with social science and genetics researchers working with Indigenous communities in Australia (n = 7). Thematic analysis of the results identified three themes: explanatory models of illness, barriers to keeping well and attending services, and recommendations for improvements to access/attendance. Barriers common to accessing both mainstream health services and clinical genetic services were identified, including attributions of illness and cancer. Specific genetic counseling barriers included the cultural inclusivity and accessibility of services, and a lack of awareness of genetic counseling both in the community and by clinicians unfamiliar with genetics. Recommendations included developing flexible service delivery models and culturally appropriate resources for Indigenous patients. These findings may inform future studies to improve Indigenous health outcomes and promote a more accessible, culturally appropriate approach to provision of cancer genetics services for Australia's First Peoples.
Microwave assisted synthesis, docking and antimalarial evaluation of hybrid PABA‐substituted 1,3,5‐triazine derivatives
Authors: Adhikari Nayana , Kashyap Ankita , Shakya Anshul , Ghosh Surajit Kumar , Bhattacharyya Dibya Ranjan , Bhat Hans Raj , Singh Udaya Pratap 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of novel PABA‐substituted 1,3,5‐triazine derivatives were developed via microwave assisted synthesis and subsequently tested for antimalarial activity against chloroquine sensitive 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum using chloroquine as standard. Antimalarial screening result showed that synthesized compounds exhibited IC50 in the range of 4.46 to 79.72 μg mL−1. Among the tested compounds, 4c and 4f showed significant antimalarial activity with low binding energies (BE) ‐172.32 and 160.41 kcal mol−1 via interacting with Arg122 through the involvement of COOH of the phenyl linked to 1,3,5‐triazine. In conclusion, these core scaffolds can be used for future antimalarial drug development.
A new and green approach for regiospecific synthesis of novel chromeno‐triazolopyrimidin using tungstic acid immobilized MCM‐41 as a reusable catalyst
Authors: Akrami Sedigheh , Karami Bahador , Farahi Mahnaz 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA novel, eco‐friendly and fast route has been developed for the synthesis of new and known triazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidin fused chromone derivatives via a one pot three‐component reaction of 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazoles, aromatic aldehydes and 4‐hydroxycoumarin in aqueous medium at room temperature. These reactions are catalyzed by MCM‐41‐HWO4 as a safe and recyclable mesoporous solid acid. It combines successfully the synergistic effect of green chemistry with nanocatalysis. The yields are high and the products were characterized by 1H NMR, 13CNMR spectra and elemental analysis.
Influence of the tropical Atlantic Ocean and its Walker circulation cell on October–December rainfall variability over Tanzania
Authors: Limbu Paul Tilwebwa Shelleph , Guirong Tan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe study investigates the influence of the tropical Atlantic Ocean and its Walker circulation cell on October–December (OND) rainfall variability over Tanzania. The first two SVD modes contribute 95.3% of the total covariance with the strongest (positive) and significant correlation (
r ≅ .7) at the 99% confidence level showing a close relationship between OND rainfall and MAM tropical Atlantic SST anomalies. Significant positive running correlation observed between MAM Atlantic SSTs and OND rainfall indicates the variability of rainfall observed during the OND season is influenced by variability of Atlantic Ocean SSTs anomaly. Both SVD modes captured the positive phase of the South Atlantic Ocean Dipole (SAOD) which is characterized by warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the southwest pole (SWP) and cool SST anomalies in the northeast pole (NEP). The Walker circulation cell observed is due to inhomogeneous warming over the tropical Atlantic Ocean with ascending limb where it is relatively warm in the SWP and descending limb where it is relatively cool in the NEP. Nonsignificant low correlation is observed between the Atlantic Walker circulation index and the Oceanic Indices (dipole mode index [DMI] and Niño3.4). This indicates that the Atlantic Walker circulation cell is an independent system resulting from local ocean–atmosphere interaction and does not depend on the influence of the tropical Indian or Pacific Oceans. Above average rainfall in Tanzania during the OND season is associated with the ascending limb of the Atlantic Walker circulation cell which is enhanced by convection in the western Atlantic Ocean and the latent heat released through the condensation in the mid‐level which is advected by westerly winds aloft towards the study region, enhancing warming, and ultimately enhancing rainfall over Tanzania.
Cover Image, Volume 100, Issue 5
Authors: Mahmood Mubarik , Petri Renée Maxine , Gavrău Ana , Zebeli Qendrim , Khiaosa‐ard Ratchaneewan 
Published: March 2020

The cover image is based on the Research Article Betaine addition as a potent ruminal fermentation modulator under hyperthermal and hyperosmotic conditions in vitro by Mubarik Mahmood et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10255.
image
Comparing cellular bone matrices for posterolateral spinal fusion in a rat model
Authors: Lin Cliff , Zhang Nianli , Waldorff Erik I. , Punsalan Paolo , Wang David , Semler Eric , Ryaby James T. , Yoo Jung , Johnstone Brian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionCellular bone matrices (CBM) are allograft products that provide three components essential to new bone formation: an osteoconductive scaffold, extracellular growth factors for cell proliferation and differentiation, and viable cells with osteogenic potential. This is an emerging technology being applied to augment spinal fusion procedures as an alternative to autografts.MethodsWe aim to compare the ability of six commercially‐available human CBMs (Trinity ELITE®, ViviGen®, Cellentra®, Osteocel® Pro, Bio4® and Map3®) to form a stable spinal fusion using an athymic rat model of posterolateral fusion. Iliac crest bone from syngeneic rats was used as a control to approximate the human gold standard. The allografts were implanted at L4‐5 according to vendor specifications in male athymic rats, with 15 rats in each group. MicroCT scans were performed at 48 hours and 6 weeks post‐implantation. The rats were euthanized 6 weeks after surgery and the lumbar spines were harvested for X‐ray, manual palpation and histology analysis by blinded reviewers.ResultsBy manual palpation, five of 15 rats of the syngeneic bone group were fused at 6 weeks. While Trinity ELITE had eight of 15 and Cellentra 11 of 15 rats with stable fusion, only 2 of 15 of ViviGen‐implanted spines were fused and zero of 15 of the Osteocel Pro, Bio4 and Map3 produced stable fusion. MicroCT analysis indicated that total bone volume increased from day 0 to week 6 for all groups except syngeneic bone group. Trinity ELITE (65%) and Cellentra (73%) had significantly greater bone volume increases over all other implants, which was consistent with the histological analysis.ConclusionTrinity ELITE and Cellentra were significantly better than other implants at forming new bone and achieving spinal fusion in this rat model at week 6. These results suggest that there may be large differences in the ability of different CBMs to elicit a successful fusion in the posterolateral spine.
Two high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methods for determination of edaravone and taurine in human plasma: Application to drug–drug interaction and pharmacokinetic studies
Authors: Li Le , Zhao Shunbo , Xu Lingyan , Su Yuwen , Ding Li 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTwo high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methods were developed and validated for the quantification of edaravone (method A) or taurine (method B) in human plasma. After protein precipitation, separations were achieved on an Ultimate XB‐C8 (2.1 × 50 mm, 3.0 µm) column for edaravone and a ZORBAX SB‐Aq column (2.1 × 100 mm, 3.5 µm) for taurine, respectively. The detection used electrospray ionization source via multiple reaction monitoring in positive‐ion mode for edaravone and negative‐ion mode for taurine, respectively. The lower limits of quantification were 10.0 ng/mL for edaravone and 3.00 μg/mL for taurine. The selectivity, accuracy, and precision of the methods were all within acceptable limits. Two methods were successfully applied to a drug–drug interaction study and a pharmacokinetic study of edaravone and taurine in healthy Chinese volunteers after intravenous infusion of single or compound injection. The results showed that co‐administration of edaravone with taurine increased the Cmax and AUC0‐24 of taurine in human plasma while taurine did not affect the systemic exposure of edaravone. Edaravone and taurine have the dose‐dependent pharmacokinetic profiles in human.
Wolverine Occupancy, Spatial Distribution, and Monitoring Design
Authors: Lukacs Paul M. , Evans Mack Diane , Inman Robert , Gude Justin A. , Ivan Jacob S. , Lanka Robert P. , Lewis Jeffrey C. , Long Robert A. , Sallabanks Rex , Walker Zack , Courville Stacy , Jackson Scott , Kahn Rick , Schwartz Michael K. , Torbit Stephen C. , Waller John S. , Carroll Kathleen 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTIn the western United States, wolverines (Gulo gulo) typically occupy high‐elevation habitats. Because wolverine populations occur in vast, remote areas across multiple states, biologists have an imperfect understanding of this species' current distribution and population status. The historical extirpation of the wolverine, a subsequent period of recovery, and the lack of a coordinated monitoring program in the western United States to determine their current distribution further complicate understanding of their population status. We sought to define the limits to the current distribution, identify potential gaps in distribution, and provide a baseline dataset for future monitoring and analysis of factors contributing to changes in distribution of wolverines across 4 western states. We used remotely triggered camera stations and hair snares to detect wolverines across randomly selected 15‐km × 15‐km cells in Idaho, Montana, Washington, and Wyoming, USA, during winters 2016 and 2017. We used spatial occupancy models to examine patterns in wolverine distribution. We also examined the influence of proportion of the cell containing predicted wolverine habitat, human‐modified land, and green vegetation, and area of the cluster of contiguous sampling cells. We sampled 183 (28.9%) of 633 cells that comprised a suspected wolverine range in these 4 states and we detected wolverines in 59 (32.2%) of these 183 sampled cells. We estimated that 268 cells (42.3%; 95% CI = 182–347) of the 633 cells were used by wolverines. Proportion of the cell containing modeled wolverine habitat was weakly positively correlated with wolverine occupancy, but no other covariates examined were correlated with wolverine occupancy. Occupancy rates (ψ) were highest in the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem (ψ range = 0.8–1), intermediate in the Cascades and Central Mountains of Idaho (ψ range = 0.4–0.6), and lower in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (ψ range = 0.1–0.3). We provide baseline data for future surveys of wolverine along with a design and protocol to conduct those surveys. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Wildlife Management published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Magnetic Octupole Response of Dielectric Quadrumers
Authors: Terekhov Pavel D. , Evlyukhin Andrey B. , Redka Dmitrii , Volkov Valentyn S. , Shalin Alexander S. , Karabchevsky Alina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe development of new approaches to tuning the resonant magnetic response of simple all‐dielectric nanostructures is very important in modern nanophotonics. Here, it is shown that a resonant magnetic octupole (MOCT) response can be obtained by dividing a solid rectangular silicon block to a quadrumer structure with the introduction of narrow gaps between four nanocubes. The spectral position of the MOCT resonance is controlled and tuned by varying the distance between the nanocubes. It is demonstrated that several magnetic hot‐spots related to the MOCT resonance can be located in the gaps creating a strong magnetic field gradient in free space. It is observed that the resonant excitation of the MOCT moment leads to a significant enhancement of light absorption in the system at the spectral region, where light absorption in bulk silicon is weak. The results of this work can be applied to design new composite antennas and metamaterials based on complex building blocks, energy harvesting devices, and molecular trapping with magnetic hot‐spots.
Local weak presaturation of the strongly non‐stationary ideal
Authors: Shioya Masahiro , Yamaura Naoki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe give a model of set theory in which the strongly non‐stationary ideal over is weakly presaturated below some canonical set. Here μ is a regular uncountable cardinal. The model is the forcing extension with the Lévy collapse of a Woodin cardinal to the successor of μ. This improves on results of Goldring and of the first author.
Tacticity Effects on Polymer Glass Transition Revisited by Coarse‐Grained Simulations
Authors: Wu Chaofu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations have been extensively carried out to study glass transition of polymers for over 20 years, in which a central but still open question is how to quickly and reliably determine the glass transition temperature (Tg). To address this issue, the two “moderate big” bulk model systems comprised of the mono‐disperse isotactic or syndiotactic poly(methyl methacrylate) (iPMMA, sPMMA) chains have been separately simulated with the chemically specific coarse‐grained potentials. The model systems are first equilibrated at an enough high temperature and then cooled to an enough low temperature with three different rates. It is demonstrated that the densities and non‐bonded interaction energies qualitatively reveal glass transition whereas the reorientation functions of bond vectors quantitatively locate the Tg. Despite all, consistent result is yielded that sPMMA exhibits a higher Tg than iPMMA, which is in good agreement with the experimental observation. More importantly, the tacticity effects can be well dictated by the activation energy for the fast relaxation mode identified in the rubbery domain, which paves the way for quick assessment of polymer Tg.
Tricholomines A and B, two new amides from the fruiting bodies of Tricholoma bakamatsutake
Authors: Zhang Feng‐Ming , Wang Yue‐Hu , Yu Fu‐Qiang , Hua Yan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTwo new amides tricholomines A (1) and B (2), along with nine known compounds, were isolated from the dried fruiting bodies of Tricholoma bakamatsutake. Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis or comparison with the data in the literatures. The absolute configuration of 1 was confirmed by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis.
A multi spin echo pulse sequence with optimized excitation pulses and a 3D cone readout for hyperpolarized 13C imaging
Authors: Somai Vencel , Wright Alan J. , Fala Maria , Hesse Friederike , Brindle Kevin M. 
Published: March 2020

PurposeImaging tumor metabolism in vivo using hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate is a promising technique for detecting disease, monitoring disease progression, and assessing treatment response. However, the transient nature of the hyperpolarization and its depletion following excitation limits the available time for imaging. We describe here a single‐shot multi spin echo sequence, which improves on previously reported sequences, with a shorter readout time, isotropic point spread function (PSF), and better signal‐to‐noise ratio.MethodsThe sequence uses numerically optimized spectrally selective excitation pulses set to the resonant frequencies of pyruvate and lactate and a hyperbolic secant adiabatic refocusing pulse, all applied in the absence of slice selection gradients. The excitation pulses were designed to be resistant to the effects of B0 and B1 field inhomogeneity. The gradient readout uses a 3D cone trajectory composed of 13 cones, all fully refocused and distributed among 7 spin echoes. The maximal gradient amplitude and slew rate were set to 4 G/cm and 20 G/cm/ms, respectively, to demonstrate the feasibility of clinical translation.ResultsThe pulse sequence gave an isotropic PSF of 2.8 mm. The excitation profiles of the optimized pulses closely matched simulations and a 46.10 ± 0.04% gain in image SNR was observed compared to a conventional Shinnar–Le Roux excitation pulse. The sequence was demonstrated with dynamic imaging of hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate and [1‐13C]lactate in vivo.ConclusionThe pulse sequence was capable of dynamic imaging of hyperpolarized 13C labeled metabolites in vivo with relatively high spatial and temporal resolution and immunity to system imperfections.
Preparation of porous monoliths via CO2‐in‐water HIPEs template and the in situ growth of metal organic frameworks on it for multiple applications
Authors: Yang Yongxia , Li Jing , Dong Yong , Wang Jide , Cao Liqin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMonolithic porous copolymers with 3D structure were prepared via CO2‐in‐water high internal phase emulsions template by graft copolymerization of sodium methacrylate (MAANa) on to methyl cellulose (MC) backbone. The yielded copolymer monoliths are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanical instrument, the swelling degree of MC‐g‐PMAANa monoliths with different crosslinker in diverse pH were investigated. The adsorption performance of monolith to Cu(II) were conducted to explore its adsorption capacity to heavy metal ions from the wastewater. Then, a strategy of in situ growth of metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) on MC‐g‐PMAANa that adsorbed with metal ions was proposed first. The X‐ray powder diffraction, SEM, and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) surface area result of MC‐g‐PMAANa/MOFs composites indicated that the MOFs nanoparticles were grown uniformly on the monolith wall without destroying its original 3D porous structure. Compared with MOFs nanoparticle, MC‐g‐PMAANa/MOFs composites have advantages of easy operation and handle, which more conform to practical application. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of MC‐g‐PMAANa/MOFs was evaluated by disk agar diffusion and optical density methods. In addition, MC‐g‐PMAANa/Cu‐BTC composite was applied to dye adsorption, which has proved the underlying application of such composites in dye removal.