bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating risk factors for three negative outcomes in pregnant women admitted to the Centre de Références et Urgences Obstétricales (CRUO) and their neonates in Port-au-Prince, Haiti between January 2013 and June 2018
Authors: Schuurmans Jorien , Borgundvaag Emily , Finaldi Pasquale , Senat-Delva Rodnie , Desauguste Fedner , Badjo Colette , Lekkerkerker Michiel , Grandpierre Reynaldo , Lerebours Gerald , Ariti Cono , Lenglet Annick 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background

The prevalence of (pre-)eclampsia in pregnant women in Haiti is high and access to maternal health services is scarce. Limited evidence exists around negative maternal and neonatal outcomes in Haitian women and their offspring. We describe the patient profile of women admitted to an obstetric emergency hospital in Port-au-Prince between January 2013 and June 2018 and the estimated risk factors for maternal death, stillbirth and low birthweight (LBW).
Methods

We calculated frequencies of age groups, singleton vs. multiple pregnancies, delivery procedures and antenatal care (ANC) services for all maternal admissions. We estimated the associated risk between these factors and the three negative outcomes by calculating odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. We adjusted for an interaction between delivery procedure and pregnancy category in the regression models for maternal death and stillbirth.
Results

We included 31,509 women and 24,983 deliveries and documented 204 (0.6%) maternal deaths (648/100,000 women giving birth), 1,962 (7.9%) stillbirths and 11,008 (44.1%) LBW neonates. 34.9% of all admissions (n = 10,991) were women with (pre-)eclampsia. Maternal death was more likely in women with complicated pregnancies and/or deliveries and women with (pre-)eclampsia when undergoing a C-section compared to women with uncomplicated vaginal deliveries (OR 4.8; CI 1.7–13.8 and OR 2.3; CI 1.5–3.6 respectively). Stillbirth was more likely in women ≥ 35 years compared to women 20–34 years in complicated pregnancies and/or deliveries (OR 1.3; CI 1.1–1.6) and (pre-)eclampsia (OR 1.4; CI 1.2–1.7). C-sections in women with a complicated pregnancy and/or delivery and women with (pre-)eclampsia reduced the risk of stillbirth (OR 0.7; CI 0.6–0.9 and OR 0.3; CI 0.2–0.3 respectively). Not attending ANC was associated with a higher risk of stillbirth (OR 4.8; CI 3.6–6.6) and LBW (OR 1.4; CI 1.1–1.9) for women with complicated pregnancies and/or deliveries.
Conclusion

Maternal mortality in high-risk pregnancies in CRUO is higher than the national estimate of 529 per 100,000 deliveries. Attendance of ANC services is associated with a decrease in adverse neonatal outcomes including LBW and stillbirth. We recommend that access to maternal and neonatal healthcare facilities in Port-au-Prince is improved.
Exploring the mRNA expression level of RELN in peripheral blood of schizophrenia patients before and after antipsychotic treatment
Authors: Yin Jiajun , Lu Yana , Yu Shui , Dai Zhanzhan , Zhang Fuquan , Yuan Jianmin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The Reelin (RELN) gene encodes the protein reelin, which is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein that plays a key role in brain development. Additionally, this protein may be involved in memory formation, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity, which have been shown to be disrupted in schizophrenia (SCZ). A decreasing trend in the expression of RELN mRNA in the brain and peripheral blood of SCZ patients has been observed. There is a need to determine whether changes in RELN mRNA expression in SCZ patients are the result of long-term antipsychotic treatment rather than the etiological characteristics of schizophrenia. The expression levels of RELN mRNA in the peripheral blood of 48 healthy controls and 30 SCZ patients before and after 12-weeks of treatment were measured using quantitative real-time PCR.Results: The expression levels of RELN mRNA in the SCZ group were significantly lower than that of healthy controls; however, after 12-weeks of antipsychotic treatment, RELN mRNA levels were significantly increased in the SCZ group.Conclusion: The up-regulation of RELN mRNA expression was current in SCZ patients after antipsychotic treatment, suggesting that the changes in RELN mRNA expression were related to the effect of the antipsychotic treatment.
Re-positive discharged COVID-19 patients are at low transmission risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection– a finding from recovered COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China
Authors: Wei Sheng , Tong Yeqing , Liu Jiafa , Guan Xuhua , Wang Siquan , Yang Bo , Lu Xingxing , Wang Gaoming , Chen Qinhua , Xu Dandan , Liu Shi , Cai Li , Dong Minna , Ding Chenghui , Yu Hui , Liu Linlin , Lu Jingya , Wang Huanzhuo , Zhang Zhen , Yan Yizhong , Huang Xibao , Shi Tingming , Li Yanan , Wu Yang , Zhang Quanhong , Liu Sizhe , Luo Yingbo , Huang Jiao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Discharged COVID-19 patients have been found to be retested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (re-positive), which has widely raised concern among the public. We investigated the prevalence and transmission risk of re-positive cases in discharged COVID-19 patients and their SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody levels in Wuhan, China. Of 1065 discharged COVID-19 patients investigated, 518 (48.64%) patients were males; the mean age was 53.29 ± 14.91 years, with a median duration of 40 (IQR: 31–47) days since discharge. 63 patients were tested re-positive for SARS-CoV-2, with the re-positive prevalence to be 5.92% (95%CI: 4.50%-7.33%). The re-positive prevalence was higher in females (7.86%, 95%CI: 5.61%-10.12%) than that in males (3.86%, 95%CI: 2.20%-5.52%, P = 0.006). Re-positive prevalence was similar in patients tested positive and negative for IgG (6.01% vs 5.56%, P = 0.821) or IgM (6.38% vs 5.07%, P = 0.394). Illness severity and duration from illness onset to retest were not associated with the risk of positive results for SARS-CoV-2 after discharge. All 196 environmental samples collected from 49 re-positive patients were tested negative for SAR-CoV-2. Only one close contact to the re-positive patient had been tested positive for SARS-CoV-2; however, he might be a previous COVID-19 case but had not been detected before. Viral culture of 6 nasopharyngeal specimens presented no cytopathic effect of Vero E6 cells. Virus sequencing of 11 nasopharyngeal specimens indicated genomic fragments of SARS-CoV-2. 898 (84.72%) patients and 705 (66.51%) patients were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG and IgM, respectively. Self-report symptoms at the survey were similar, regardless of the level of antibody. All the re-positive patients and their matched non-re-positive patients were tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 four months later. These findings indicate that Testing re-positive of SARS-CoV-2 is common in discharged COVID-19 patients, but no evidence showed the transmission risk of these re-positive cases. Further isolation of recovered COVID-19 patients is unnecessary. However, only 85% recovered COVID-19 patients had SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody, which suggested discharged COVID-19 patients still had potential re-infection risk.
How to Define Boolean Low Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Experience from a Large Real-World Cohort
Authors: Xie Wenhui , Li Guangtao , Huang Hong , Zhang Zhuoli 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To propose Boolean-defined low disease activity (LDA) and to test its utility in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: We used data from a longitudinal academic clinical database of RA in Peking University First Hospital over a decade. The initial proposal of Boolean-defined LDA with ascending thresholds from 2 to 5 in steps of 1. Agreement and residual swollen joint count (SJC) pattern with the index-based (Simplified Disease Activity Index [SDAI] and Clinical Disease Activity Index [CDAI]) LDA was analyzed. To confirm discovery, we randomly classified RA patients in a 3:2 ratio into either analysis cohort or validation cohort.Results: In total 4,881 visits of 672 patients were included in the analysis cohort. Of these visits, the frequencies of achieving LDA were 71.9% (SDAI), 73.6% (CDAI), 52.8% (Boolean-LDA2), 65.2% (Boolean-LDA3), 73.5% (Boolean-LDA4), and 80.7% (Boolean-LDA5). High consistency and similar SJC pattern with SDAI-LDA or CDAI-LDA were observed in Boolean-LDA3 (kappa=0.796, 0.771). Further analysis found meeting SDAI-LDA but not Boolean-LDA3 were largely attributable to higher patient’s global assessment (PGA) scores (62.9%). In further modification of Boolean-LDA3, best agreement with SDAI-LDA or CDAI-LDA was reached when evaluator’s global assessment (EGA) replaced PGA with cutoff of 3.0 (kappa=0.851, 0.825), rather than exclusively increasing the PGA cut-offs. These findings were further replicated in randomly-generated validation cohort of 449 patients with 3,306 clinic visits. Conclusions: Using cut-off of 3 to Boolean-LDA with a substitute EGA for PGA provides highest consistency and similar residual SJC pattern with index-based LDA. This may deserve considering in clinical practice.
Intracellular pH Regulation: Characterization and Functional Investigation of H+ Transporters in Stylophora Pistillata
Authors: Capasso Laura , Ganot Philippe , Planas-Bielsa Víctor , Tambutté Sylvie , Zoccola Didier 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Reef-building corals regularly experience changes in intra and extracellular H+ concentration ([H+]) due to physiological and environmental processes. Stringent control of [H+] is required for the maintenance of homeostatic acid-base balance in coral cells and is achieved through the regulation of intracellular pH (pHi). This task is especially challenging for reef-building corals that share an endosymbiotic relationship with photosynthetic dinoflagellates (family Symbiodinaceae), which exert a significant effect on the pHi of coral cells. Despite their importance, the pH regulatory proteins involved in the homeostatic acid-base balance have been scarcely investigated in corals. Here, we reported the full characterisation in terms of genomic structure, domain topology and phylogeny of three majors H+ transporter families implicated in pHi regulation; we investigated their tissue-specific expression and we assessed the effect of seawater acidification on their level of expression.Results: We identified members of the Na+/H+ exchanger (SLC9), vacuolar-type electrogenic H+-ATP hydrolases (V-ATPase) and voltage-gated proton channels (HvCN) families in the genome and transcriptome of S. pistillata. In addition, we identified a novel member of the HvCN gene family in the cnidarian subclass Hexacorallia, which has never been described in any species to date. We also reported key residues that participate to the H+ transporters substrate specificity, protein function and regulation. Lastly, we demonstrated that some of these have different tissue expression patterns and are mostly unaffected by exposure to seawater acidification.Conclusions: In this study, we provide the first characterization of the H+ transporters genes that contribute to homeostatic acid-base balance in coral cells. This work will enrich knowledge about basic aspects of coral biology, bearing important implications for our understanding of how corals regulate their intracellular environment.
The Effects of Smoking, Regular Drinking, and Unhealthy Weight on Healthcare Utilization in China
Authors: Li Changle , Mao Zhengzhong , Yu Caixia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The preventable risk factors such as smoking, harmful drinking, and unhealthy weight have contributed to the accelerated rise in non-communicable chronic diseases that are dominant drivers of health care use and spending in China. This study aimed to ascertain the effects of smoking, regular drinking, and unhealthy weight on healthcare utilization in China. Methods: The database used in this study was obtained from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), and the final sample consisted of 63,260 adults in all the five waves of data collection. The fixed effects logistic regression model was used for the analysis. Results: The current study found that among Chinese adults, current and former smokers were more likely to use outpatient and inpatient care compared to those who never smoked. Former smokers increased the odds of using outpatient and inpatient care than current smokers. Moreover, compared to healthy weight people, obese people increased the likelihood of using outpatient and inpatient care, and overweight people were more likely to be hospitalized. In contrast, people who regularly drank alcohol were less likely to use outpatient and inpatient care than non-regular drinkers. Conclusion: This study ascertained the effects of smoking, regular drinking, and unhealthy weight on healthcare utilization in China using a five-waves of balanced panel data set. These results may have important implications for supporting the government to make healthcare resources allocation decisions.
WITHDRAWN: Correlation Between MSTS, TESS&nbsp;and QOL-CSV&nbsp;Scores in Patients With Soft Tissue and Bone Tumors
Authors: Singh Vivek Ajit , Haseeb Amber , Pathak Mandeep , Madhialagan Venotha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose:Limb salvage surgery (LSS) is the preferred treatment when compared to amputation. Although LSS provides a desirable outcome, it still presents with some functional limitation. The quality of life (QOL) amongst patients with musculoskeletal sarcomas is an important factor to consider in the management. This study investigates the correlation between MSTS and TESS score versus QOL for musculoskeletal cancer survivors.Methods:Patients with musculoskeletal tumors on follow up were recruited. Any age, gender and race were included provided they had completed surgical treatment. The functional scores were evaluated using MSTS and TESS tools while QOL was determined with QOL-CSV tool. Their correlation was compared. Results:The study involved 96 patients, 54.2% were females and 45.8% were males. The highest range of age was 21-30 years old (27.1%). Majority had bone sarcoma (63.3%). The mean MSTS score was 71.32% ± 23.34 (0-100), TESS was 78.92% ± 17.38 (0-100) and QOL-CSV was 71.51% ± 12.05 (0-100). Both MSTS (49.0%) and TESS (54.2%) scores had a good response. However, only 25% had a good QOL_CSV. All the tools had a positive correlation. Multiple linear regression model demonstrated that the effect of TESS on QOL was significant but the effect of MSTS was insignificant. The R-squared value of MSTS (0.073) and TESS (0.013) combined was 0.17. Conclusion:A single tool is not a good predictor therefore all 3 tools should be taken into consideration when assessing the QOL of those undergone musculoskeletal tumor surgery.
The Screening Value of Mammography for Breast Cancer: An Overview of 22 Systematic Reviews with Evidence Mapping
Authors: Shi Jiyuan , Li Jiang , Zhang Lili , Gao Ya , Chen Yamin , Zhao Liang , Kang Yingying , Chen Wanqing , Tian Jinhui , Li Ni , He Jie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Several meta-analyses have evaluated the screening value of mammography for breast cancer, but the overall results have remained mixed or inconclusive. Methods: Comprehensive literature search was conducted for SRs (systematic reviews) in Chinese Biomedical Databases (CBM), Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed until July 10, 2020. SRs with meta-analysis reported the benefit and performance of mammography screening were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data and performed the methodological quality assessments using The Risk Of Bias In Systematic Reviews (ROBIS). The characteristics of included SRs, the results of the quality of Risk of bias (RoBs) assessment and the pooled estimates of effect size were descriptively summarized using systematically structured tables and evidence mapping. Results: Twenty two systematic reviews with meta-analysis were included. Only 13.6% of SRs were assessed as low-risk bias according to the overall risk of bias rating results in ROBIS tool. Pooled estimates for a reduction in breast cancer mortality attributable to mammography screening were range from 0.51 (OR, 95% CI: 0.46-0.55) to 1.04 (RR, 95% CI: 0.84-1.27). Sensitivity of difference mammography was ranged from 55% to 91%, specificity of difference mammography was ranged from 84% to 97%. According to the results of included SRs suggested, the statistically significant was observed that digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) increased the cancer detected rate (CDR) and reduced the recall rate compared to digital mammography (DM), DM increased the CDR compared to screen-film mammography (SFM), and add DBT to digital or synthetic mammography increases the sensitivity, specificity, and CDR than DBT alone. Conclusions: Further study should investigate the value of different imaging technology in breast cancer screening.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020207227
DNA Methylation in the Adipose Tissue and Whole Blood of Agent Orange-exposed Operation Ranch Hand Veterans
Authors: Rytel Matthew Rae , Butler Rondi , Eliot Melissa , Braun Joseph M. , Houseman E. Andres , Kelsey Karl T. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBetween 1962 and 1971, the US Air Force sprayed Agent Orange across Vietnam, exposing many soldiers to this dioxin-containing herbicide. Several negative health outcomes have been linked to Agent Orange exposure, but data is lacking on the effects this chemical has on the genome. Therefore, we sought to characterize the impact of Agent Orange exposure on DNA methylation in the whole blood and adipose tissue of veterans enrolled in the Air Force Health Study (AFHS). MethodsWe received adipose tissue (n=37) and whole blood (n=42) from veterans in the AFHS. Study participants were grouped as having low, moderate, or high TCDD body burden based on their previously measured serum levels of dioxin. DNA methylation was assessed using the Illumina 450K platform.ResultsEpigenome-wide analysis indicated that there were no FDR-significantly methylated CpGs in either tissue with TCDD burden. However, 3 CpGs in the adipose tissue (contained within SLC9A3, LYNX1, and TNRC18) were marginally significantly (q<0.1) hypomethylated, and 1 CpG in whole blood (contained within PTPRN2) was marginally significantly (q<0.1) hypermethylated with high TCDD burden. Analysis for differentially methylated DNA regions yielded SLC9A3, among other regions in adipose tissue, to be significantly differentially methylated with higher TCDD burden. Comparing whole blood data to a study of dioxin exposed adults from Alabama identified a CpG within the gene SMO that was hypomethylated with dioxin exposure in both studies. ConclusionWe found limited evidence of dioxin associated DNA methylation in adipose tissue and whole blood in this pilot study of Vietnam War veterans. Nevertheless, loci in the genes of SLC9A3 in adipose tissue, and PTPRN2 and SMO in whole blood, should be included in future exposure analyses.
COVID-19 Infection Across Workplace Settings in Qatar, a Comparison of COVID-19 Positivity Rates of Screened Workers From March 1st Until July 28th, 2020
Authors: Kuwari Mohammed Al , Nuaimi Asma Al , AbdulMajeed Jazeel , semaan sandy , Romaihi Hamad Al , Kandy Mujeeb , Swamy Selvakumar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
IntroductionCOVID-19 transmission was significant amongst Qatar’s working population during the March-July 2020 outbreak. The study aimed to estimate the risk of exposure for COVID-19 across various workplace settings in the State of Qatar. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing surveillance data of all workplaces with ten or more laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19. These workplaces were categorized using a mapping table adapted from the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes 2017 version. The data was then analyzed to estimate and compare the positivity rate as an indicator of the risk of developing COVID-19 infection across various workplace settings in the State of Qatar. ResultsThe highest positivity rate was reported amongst the Construction (40.3%) and the Retail & Wholesale Trade sectors (40.3%) whereas, the lowest positivity rate was attributed to the healthcare workplace setting (11.0%). The private funded sector employees had higher positivity rates than employees of the governmental funded sector. ConclusionThe elevated risk of infection amongst screened workers in Construction and Retail & Wholesale Trade was probably due to Environmental and Educational vulnerabilities. On the other hand, the better containment within healthcare workplace settings can be attributed to the enforcement of infection control and occupational safety measures. These findings underline the importance of appropriately using preventive and surveillance strategies for high-risk workplace settings to mitigate the risk of infection.
Mortality Associated With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome 2009-2019: A Systematic Review and Meta-regression&nbsp;
Authors: Sadana Divyajot , Kaur Simrat , Sankaramangalam Kesavan , Banerjee Kinjal , Siuba Matthew , Amaral Valentina , Gadre Shruti , Torbic Heather , Krishnan Sudhir , Duggal Abhijit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common occurrence in an intensive care unit. The reported mortality in studies evaluating acute respiratory distress syndrome is highly variable. The adherence to ventilatory specific and adjunctive therapies is also highly variable. We investigated the mortality of ARDS since the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and examined the adherence to ventilatory specific and adjunctive therapies.Methods: We performed a systematic search in MEDLINE and EMBASE using a highly sensitive criterion from January 2009 to May 2019. We then ran a proportional meta-analysis for mortality and a meta-regression analysis using certain variables to address heterogeneity. Results: We screened 5361 citations, of which 85 fully met inclusion criteria. The weighted pooled mortality of all 85 studies published from 2009 to 2019 was 38% (95% CI 35,40). Mortality was higher in observational studies [40% (95% CI 37, 42)] compared to RCTs [35% (95% CI 30,39)], (p=0.04) Significant variability exists in literature of reported tidal volumes, positive end expiratory pressures, plateau pressures, and use adjunctive therapies. The tidal volumes in our systematic review ranged from 5.8 to 8.9 ml/kg with a mean of 7.2 ml/kg. PEEP ranged from 4.6 to 16.1 cm H2O at the time of enrollment with a mean of 10.2 cm H2O. Reported plateau pressures ranged from 21.0 to 35.1 cm H2O, with a mean of 25.6 cm H2O. Higher reported initial PaO2/FiO2 ratios were associated with decreased mortality. A trend towards decreased mortality was seen with lower reported tidal volumes in the included studies.Conclusions: Over the last decade, the mortality in ARDS has marginally improved and there exists significant heterogeneity in the utilization of low tidal volume strategies, application of PEEP and the adoption of adjunctive therapies in the management of these patients in published literature.