bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorrect sleeping position and eye rubbing in patients with unilateral or highly asymmetric keratoconus: a case-control study
Authors: Mazharian Adrien , Panthier Christophe , Courtin Romain , Jung Camille , Rampat Radhika , Saad Alain , Gatinel Damien 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate eye rubbing and sleeping position in patients with Unilateral or Highly Asymmetric Keratoconus (UHAKC).

Methods
Case-control study of consecutive UHAKC patients diagnosed at the Rothschild Foundation. Controls were age- and sex-matched, randomly selected refractive surgery clinic patients. Patients self-administered questionnaires regarding their family history of keratoconus, eye rubbing, and sleeping habits. All the eyes underwent a comprehensive ocular examination. Logistic regression was used to analyze univariate and multivariate data to identify risk factors for keratoconus.

Results
Thirty-three UHAKC patients and 64 controls were included. Univariate analyses showed that daytime eye rubbing [OR = 172.78], in the morning [OR = 24.3], or in eyes with the steepest keratometry [OR = 21.7] were significantly different between groups. Allergy [OR = 2.94], red eyes in the morning [OR = 6.36], and sleeping on stomach/sides [OR = 14.31] or on the same side as the steepest keratometry [OR = 94.72] were also significantly different. The multivariate model also showed statistical significance for most factors including daytime eye rubbing [OR = 134.96], in the morning [OR = 24.86], in the steepest eye [OR = 27.56], and sleeping on stomach/sides [OR = 65.02] or on the steepest side [OR = 144.02]. A univariate analysis in UHAKC group, comparing the worse and better eye, showed that eye rubbing [OR = 162.14] and sleeping position [OR = 99.74] were significantly (p < 0.001) associated with the worse eye.

Conclusion
Our data suggests that vigorous eye rubbing and incorrect sleeping position are associated with UHAKC. This is especially true in rubbing the most afflicted eye, and contributory sleep position, including positions placing pressure on the eye with the steepest keratometry.
Optimale Auslegung von getriebelosen, permanentmagneterregten Windgeneratoren mit Zahnspulenwicklung und massivem Rotorjoch
Authors: Erd Nicolas , Binder Andreas 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungGetriebelose Windgeneratoren mit Zahnspulen und massivem Rotorjoch sowie der Möglichkeit zum Weiterbetrieb bei teilweisem Umrichterausfall stellen eine besondere Herausforderung in der Auslegung dar. Zunächst wird untersucht, welche Zahnspulenwicklungen im Hinblick auf die zulässigen Rotorverluste geeignet sind. Nachdem entsprechende Wicklungsvarianten gefunden sind, wird die Maschinengeometrie optimiert. Dabei wird das Optimierungspotenzial, welches in den kurzen Wickelköpfen der Zahnspulenmaschine liegt, berücksichtigt. Nach der Optimierung erfolgt eine Nachrechnung der Verlustbilanz und eine Auswertung der magnetischen Geräuschanregung mithilfe von transienten, nichtlinearen Finite-Elemente-Simulationen.
Medial-tonsillar telovelar approach for resection of a superior medullary velum cerebral cavernous malformation: anatomical and tractography study of the surgical approach and functional implications
Authors: Brogna Christian , Lavrador José Pedro , Kandeel Hussein Shaaban , Beyh Ahmad , Ribas Eduardo C. , Vergani Francesco , Tolias Christos M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Superior medullary velum cerebral cavernous malformations pose a challenge in terms of appropriate microsurgical approach. Safe access to this deep location as well as preservation of surrounding anatomical structures, in particular the superior cerebellar peduncle just lateral to the superior medullary velum and the dentate nuclei, is paramount to achieve a good functional outcome.

Methods
Cadaveric dissections provide useful knowledge of the normal anatomy while tractography allows a better understanding of the individual anatomy in the presence of a lesion. The medial-tonsillar telovelar approach provides a feasible corridor for accessing superior velum cerebral cavernous malformations without compromising the fibres contained in the superior cerebellar peduncle. The major cerebellar efferents—cerebello-rubral, cerebello-thalamic and cerebello-vestibular tracts—and afferents, anterior spinocerebellar, tectocerebellar and trigeminocerebellar tracts, within the superior cerebellar peduncle are preserved, and the dentate nuclei are not affected.

Results and conclusion
A retraction-free exposure through this natural posterior fossa corridor allows the patient with the anatomical and functional subtract to make a good functional recovery by minimizing the risk of a superior cerebellar syndrome, ataxia, tremor and dysmetria; decomposition of movement in the ipsilateral extremities, nystagmus and hypotonia; or akinetic mutism, reduced or absent speech with onset within the first post-operative week.
Sensitivity of simulated climate over the MENA region related to different land surface schemes in the WRF model
Authors: Constantinidou Katiana , Hadjinicolaou Panos , Zittis George , Lelieveld Jos 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe effects of different land surface scheme (LSS) implementations on the simulated climate of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have been investigated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional model. Six simulations were carried out using four different LSSs (Noah, NoahMP, CLM, RUC) for the period 2000–2010, driven by ERA-Interim meteorological reanalyses at a horizontal resolution of 50 km. Deviations of key surface climate variables, radiation, and turbulent fluxes from the different LSS runs are presented relative to the default Noah scheme. The simulated annual mean climate variables in the MENA (indicating uncertainty) range from 0.7 to 2.4 ∘C for air temperature, 2.0 to 3.4 ∘C for land temperature, and 5 to 25 mm/month (54–65%) for precipitation. The Noah scheme deviates less than − 1 W/m2 from the domain-wide surface energy balance and the NoahMP less than − 2 W/m2, while for CLM and RUC the deviation is 3–4 W/m2. Considering the differences among the surface energy balance from the various LSSs compared to the reference Noah, a surface climate response is calculated, and average LSS-induced climate sensitivity is derived for the air (and land) temperature of 0.1 ∘C per W/m2 and − 6 mm per W/m2 for precipitation. The LSS-induced range in the modelled climate is of similar magnitude to the climate change projection estimates for the region, which highlights the importance of carefully selecting a land surface scheme in the regional climate simulations.
K-Ras prenylation as a potential anticancer target
Authors: Baranyi Marcell , Buday László , Hegedűs Balázs 
Published: June 2020

AbstractKRAS is one of the most commonly mutated oncogene and a negative predictive factor for a number of targeted therapies. Therefore, the development of targeting strategies against mutant KRAS is urgently needed. One potential strategy involves disruption of K-Ras membrane localization, which is necessary for its proper function. In this review, we summarize the current data about the importance of membrane-anchorage of K-Ras and provide a critical evaluation of this targeting paradigm focusing mainly on prenylation inhibition. Additionally, we performed a RAS mutation-specific analysis of prenylation-related drug sensitivity data from a publicly available database (https://depmap.org/repurposing/) of three classes of prenylation inhibitors: statins, N-bisphosphonates, and farnesyl-transferase inhibitors. We observed significant differences in sensitivity to N-bisphosphonates and farnesyl-transferase inhibitors depending on KRAS mutational status and tissue of origin. These observations emphasize the importance of factors affecting efficacy of prenylation inhibition, like distinct features of different KRAS mutations, tissue-specific mutational patterns, K-Ras turnover, and changes in regulation of prenylation process. Finally, we enlist the factors that might be responsible for the large discrepancy between the outcomes in preclinical and clinical studies including methodological pitfalls, the incomplete understanding of K-Ras protein turnover, and the variation of KRAS dependency in KRAS mutant tumors.
The Influence of Reaction Conditions on the Oxidation of Cyclohexane via the In-Situ Production of H2O2
Authors: Crombie Caitlin M. , Lewis Richard J. , Kovačič Dávid , Morgan David J. , Davies Thomas E. , Edwards Jennifer. K. , Skjøth-Rasmussen Martin Skov , Hutchings Graham J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The oxidation of cyclohexane via the in-situ production of H2O2 from molecular H2 and O2 offers an attractive route to the current industrial means of producing cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol (KA oil), both key materials in the production of Nylon. Herein we demonstrate that through the in-situ production of H2O2 supported AuPd nanoparticles catalyse the formation of KA oil under conditions where activity is limited when using molecular O2, with no loss in catalytic activity observed upon re-use. The effect of key reaction parameters, including reaction temperature, catalyst mass and H2:O2 ratio are evaluated.

Graphic Abstract
Development of novel human in vitro vascularized adipose tissue model with functional macrophages
Authors: Huttala Outi , Sarkanen Jertta-Riina , Mannerström Marika , Toimela Tarja , Heinonen Tuula , Ylikomi Timo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInflammation has been proven significant factor in development of type 2 diabetes. So far, most of the adipose tissue related research has been performed in animals, mainly rodent models. The relevance of translation of animal results to humans is questionable. However, in vitro model with relevant human cell source, such as human adipose tissue stromal cells (hASC), can be developed and should be utilized for human adipose tissue research. We developed in vitro models of human adipose tissue utilizing hASC, endothelial cells and monocytes/macrophages. By isolating endothelial cells and macrophages from same adipose tissue as hASC, we were able to provide method for constructing personalized models of adipose tissue. With these models, we studied the effect of macrophages on adipogenesis and protein secretion, with and without vasculature. The models were analyzed for immunocytochemical markers, cell number, triglyceride accumulation and protein secretion. We found that lipid accumulation was greater in adipocytes in the presence of macrophages. Interferon gamma increased this difference between adipocyte culture and Adipocyte–Macrophage co-culture. Protein secretion was affected more by macrophages when vasculature was not present compared to the mild effect when vasculature was present. The vascularized adipose model with macrophages is valuable tool for human adipose tissue research, especially for the personalized medicine approaches; for choosing the right treatments and for studying rare medical conditions.
The effect of providing learning analytics on student behaviour and performance in programming: a randomised controlled experiment
Authors: Hellings Jan , Haelermans Carla 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe use a randomised experiment to study the effect of offering half of 556 freshman students a learning analytics dashboard and a weekly email with a link to their dashboard, on student behaviour in the online environment and final exam performance. The dashboard shows their online progress in the learning management systems, their predicted chance of passing, their predicted grade and their online intermediate performance compared with the total cohort. The email with dashboard access, as well as dashboard use, has positive effects on student behaviour in the online environment, but no effects are found on student performance in the final exam of the programming course. However, we do find differential effects by specialisation and student characteristics.
Higher Education Marketization: a Case of Language and Colliding Interests
Authors: Karlsson Tom S. , Karlsson Susanna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article examines how market interests and state regulations come into play as policy makers engage in establishing language primacy within higher education (HE). More specifically, the focus concerns issues of internationalization within a multi-lingual context, manifested in language policies (LP). LPs are constructed in order to sort out which language to give primacy. Findings demonstrate how HE is balancing between invoking markets obfuscated through internationalization whilst simultaneously restricting market effects through state regulations. The promulgation of certain languages supports and weakens market and state interests. This article contributes to research and practice in HE, presenting future obstacles and challenges.
Analysis of the Impact of Thermochemical Recuperation of Waste Heat on the Energy Efficiency of Gas Carriers
Authors: Cherednichenko Oleksandr , Mitienkova Vira 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEnlarging the fleet of gas carriers would make it possible to respond to the growing demand for hydrocarbon gases, but it will increase carbon dioxide emissions. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has developed the energy efficiency design index (EEDI) with the objective of carbon emission reduction for new ships. In this paper, thirty gas carriers transporting liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and equipped with various types of main engines are considered. As shown by the calculation of the attained EEDI, 2 of the 13 LPG carriers and 6 of the 17 LNG carriers under study do not comply with the EEDI requirements. To meet the stringent EEDI requirements, applying thermochemical regenerators (TCRs) fed by main engine exhaust gases is suggested. Mathematical modeling is applied to analyze the characteristics of the combined gas-turbine-electric and diesel-electric power plant with thermochemical recuperation of the exhaust gas heat. Utilizing TCR on gas carriers with engines fueled by syngas produced from boil-off gas (BOG) reduces the carbon content by 35% and provides the energy efficiency required by IMO without the use of other technologies.
The effect of prophylactic surgery in survival and HRQoL in appendiceal NEN
Authors: Alexandraki Krystallenia I. , Kaltsas Gregory , Grozinsky-Glasberg Simona , Oleinikov Kira , Kos-Kudła Beata , Kogut Angelika , Srirajaskanthan Rajaventhan , Pizanias Michail , Poulia Kalliopi-Anna , Ferreira Clara , Weickert Martin O. , Daskalakis Kosmas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background/aims
Long-term outcomes are understudied in patients with well-differentiated appendiceal neuroendocrine neoplasms (WD-ANENs). We aimed to evaluate the validity of currently applied criteria for completion prophylactic right hemicolectomy (pRHC) and determine its association with patient outcomes, including health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods
Eligible patients from five European referral centers were divided between those who underwent appendectomy alone and those who underwent completion pRHC. HRQoL EORTC-QLC-C30 questionnaires and cross-sectional imaging data were prospectively collected. Age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited for HRQoL analysis’ validation.

Results
We included 166 patients (119 women [71.2%]: mean age at baseline: 31 ± 16 years). Mean follow-up was 50.9 ± 54 months. Most patients (152 [92%]) had tumors ≤20 mm in size. Fifty-eight patients (34.9%) underwent pRHC that in final analysis was regarded as an overtreatment in 38/58 (65.5%). In multivariable analysis, tumor size >20 mm was the only independent predictor for lymph node (LN) involvement (p = 0.002). No mortality was reported, whereas 2-, 5- and 10-year recurrence-free survival in patients subjected to postoperative cross-sectional imaging (n = 136) was 98.5%, 97.8%, and 97.8%, respectively. Global HRQoL was not significantly impaired in patients with WD-ANEN compared with age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (median scores 0.83[0.08−1] vs 0.83[0.4−1], respectively; p = 0.929). Among patients with WD-ANEN impaired social functioning (p = 0.016), diarrhea (p = 0.003) and financial difficulties (0.024) were more frequently reported in the pRHC group.

Conclusions
WD-ANEN is a low-malignant neoplasm with unconfirmed associated mortality, low recurrence rate, and overall preserved HRQoL. pRHC comes at a price of excessive surgery, functional HRQoL issues, and diarrhea. The value per se of a prophylactic surgical approach to patients with WD-ANENs <20 mm is challenged.
Kognitive Funktionen von Gesten beim mathematischen Arbeiten
Authors: Salle Alexander , Krause Christina 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren rücken Gesten und ihre Rolle für das Lehren und Lernen von Mathematik vermehrt in den Fokus der mathematikdidaktischen Forschung. Dabei werden vor allem die sozialen Aspekte der Gestennutzung untersucht, wie beispielsweise ihre Bedeutung für die Konstruktion von Wissen in sozialen Interaktionen, Arten der Repräsentation von Gesten sowie die Auswirkung der Gesten von Lehrenden. Wenig hingegen ist bekannt über die kognitiven Funktionen, die Gesten beim mathematischen Lernen für einzelne Lernende erfüllen. Um besser zu verstehen, auf welche Weise Gesten zu mathematischen Lernprozessen beitragen können, wird in diesem Beitrag eine Theorie aus der Psychologie für mathematische Lern- und Denkprozesse adaptiert, nach der die vier kognitiven Funktionen des Aktivierens, Manipulierens, Strukturierens und Explorierens unterschieden werden. Um das Potential dieser sogenannten Gesture-for-Conceptualization Hypothesis für das Verständnis kognitiver Prozesse im Kontext der Mathematik zu untersuchen, werden Daten aus zwei Studien gemeinsam analysiert, in denen sich Studierende mit Lösungsbeispielen und Problemen aus dem Bereich der Trigonometrie auseinandersetzen und dabei laut denken. In den Analysen zeigt sich, dass sich bestimmte kognitive Funktionen vermehrt in typischen mathematischen Situationen wiederfinden. Konkret wird dies an exemplarischen Fällen zur Verifikation von Hypothesen, Situationen des funktionalen Denkens und bei der Nutzung spezifischer Darstellungen expliziert.
Emotions and the Problem of Variability
Authors: Loaiza Juan R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the last decades there has been a great controversy about the scientific status of emotion categories. This controversy stems from the idea that emotions are heterogeneous phenomena, which precludes classifying them under a common kind. In this article, I analyze this claim—which I call the Variability Thesis—and argue that as it stands, it is problematically underdefined. To show this, I examine a recent formulation of the thesis as offered by Scarantino (2015). On one hand, I raise some issues regarding the logical structure of the claim. On the other hand, and most importantly, I show that the Variability Thesis requires a consensus about what counts as a relevant pattern of response in different domains, a consensus that is lacking in the current literature. This makes it difficult to assess what counts as evidence for or against this thesis. As a result, arguments based on the Variability Thesis are unwarranted. This raises serious concerns about some current empirical theories of emotions, but also sheds light on the issue of the scientific status of emotion categories.
Support for Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients—a Systematic Review
Authors: Bochenek-Cibor Justyna , Górecka Magdalena , Storman Dawid , Bała Małgorzata M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOur study objective was to evaluate existing evidence on different types of support received by metastatic breast cancer patients as well as the need for support expressed by such patients. We searched Medline and EMBASE up to January 2019 for survey studies that aimed to assess any type of support among women of any age, with metastatic breast cancer diagnosis. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, then full texts of retrieved records against inclusion/exclusion criteria, and extracted the data and assessed the quality of included studies with AXIS tool. From a total of 2876 abstracts, we selected 100 potentially eligible full-text articles, and finally, we included 12 records reporting on 11 studies. Due to the variability of methods used to measure and define support, it was not possible to quantitatively synthesize data; therefore, we synthesized them narratively. The quality of the included studies was moderate. We found that most patients are satisfied with the received psychosocial, emotional, informational, and medical support. In the analysis of any support received from a certain type of group of people, we found that the majority of patients reported receiving sufficient support from their family, friends, and healthcare providers. Ten studies showed a high need for informational support. If asked about the need for psychosocial, medical, and sexual support, women also declared the need for such support. Our review revealed that the patients generally receive support from their community but they express high need for information and treatment choice. PROSPERO CRD42019127496
Morphometric analysis for prioritizing sub-watersheds and management planning and practices in Gidabo Basin, Southern Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Abdeta Gadisa Chimdesa , Tesemma Azene Bekele , Tura Abiyot Legesse , Atlabachew Getahun Haile 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCharacterization and prioritization of watersheds has gained importance for proper planning and management of natural resources in sustainable development. Implementation of management practices over a larger area at the same time is inaccessible and uneconomical. So, it has required applying a viable technique for prioritization of critical sub-watersheds. Thus, the present study was aimed to prioritizing erosion-prone sub-watersheds using morphometric analysis. Advanced space-borne thermal emission and reflection radiometer of 30m resolution DEM has used to generate drainage networks and delineation of sub-watersheds using ArcGIS software. The important derived morphometric parameters have computed on the base of already developed mathematical formulae and methods. The study area (a watershed) has classified into seven interesting sub-watersheds, which have ordered SW1–SW7. The very important quantitative watershed aspects such as linear, relief and areal have been taken in consideration, and eighteen morphometric parameters have been selected and used for ranking and prioritizing of sub-watersheds. In this regard, sub-watersheds (SW7, SW3 and SW4) and (SW5, SW6 and SW2) have categorized into higher and medium priorities, whereas sub-watershed (SW1) has assigned at lower priority. This implied that SW1 is relatively sustainable than others, on the contrary, SW7 is relatively affected sub-watershed by runoff and soil erosion that needs first priority for management practices. Therefore, the study proposes a useful soil and water conservation practices such as bunds, check dams, micro-basins and multipurpose tree species planting based on suitable location and design parameters. The decision makers should optimally allocate the investments according to this final priority. And it has required to monitor and evaluate due to environmental sound, economical viable and socially acceptable. Also it has required developing an integrated approach for characterizing and prioritizing of sub-watersheds.