bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A MODULAR APPROACH TO THE FORMATION OF COMPETENCIES OF BACHELORS OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Authors: S. Nagovitsyn Roman , Yu. Senator Svetlana , Y. Ratsimor Aleksandr , V. Neverova Nataliya , V. Srebrodolsky Oleg 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study to develop a model for the implementation of a modular approach to the formation of competencies of bachelors of pedagogical education and experimentally prove its effectiveness in the practice of professional training of students - future teachers.
Methodology: Based on the diagnostic tools for B. Bloom's taxonomy in the author's modification, the levels of formation for each competency (n=19) identified for research work in the aspect of advanced (excellent), basic (good) and threshold (satisfactory) indicators were determined. Monitoring was carried out according to activity and reflective indicator. The study participants were students studying at the bachelor's degree in the direction of “Education and pedagogical sciences” (n=87). The authors used the SPSS20 program to analyze the student's t-test.
Main Findings: The pedagogical experiment showed the reliability of a larger number of students of the experimental group, compared with the control group, in terms of the high - advanced level of formation of their average competencies (p<0.01). The implementation of the modular approach with the highest significance (p<0.01) had an impact on students' ability to analyze the main stages and patterns of historical development for the formation of patriotism and civic position. Using the author’s curriculum, the ability to solve the problems of upbringing and spiritual and moral development of students in educational and extracurricular activities significantly increased (p<0.01) among students.
Applications of this study: The results of the experiment will be of interest to a wide circle of students and specialists in the field of pedagogical science.
Novelty of this study: The practical implementation of the author’s curriculum on the basis of a modular approach to the formation of competencies at the levels of “knowledge - skill - skill - action” in the system “basic academic disciplines - varied subjects - educational practice - state certification” has made it possible to increase the efficiency of the educational process.
Uma revisão narrativa sobre o estudante-atleta no ensino superior
Authors: Martins Fernando Bernardes , Rocha Hugo Paula Almeida da , Costa Felipe Rodrigues da 
Published: January 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a conciliação entre esporte e formação acadêmica de estudantes-atletas no ensino superior. Pesquisamos na Plataforma de Periódicos Capes (Portal Capes) e selecionamos 14 artigos para análise após refinamento. Observamos que estudantes-atletas encontram diferentes barreiras relacionadas ao estereótipo de inferioridade intelectual que lhes são atribuídas, à rotina de treinamento e à preparação para a vida após o esporte. O incentivo aos objetivos acadêmicos e a compreensão por parte das instituições de ensino das dificuldades enfrentadas por estudantes-atletas foram apontados como meios de superar as barreiras relacionadas ao estereótipo negativo. A participação em atividades que promovem o desenvolvimento profissional em conjunto com a oferta de cursos on-line durante os períodos de preparação para competições é indicada como uma estratégia para uma transição de carreira pós-esporte de forma satisfatória. Levantamos perguntas e sugestões para que a dupla carreira possa ser entendida como uma oportunidade efetiva para a formação de atletas de elite.
Subacromial Decompression Is Not Beneficial for the Management of Rotator Cuff Disease
Authors: Rossi Luciano A. , Ranalletta Maximiliano 
Published: January 2020

» Currently, the 2 most common indications for performing a subacromial decompression are subacromial pain syndrome refractory to nonoperative treatment and repair of rotator cuff tears.» Multiple, high-quality randomized controlled trials showed that subacromial decompression did not provide improvements in pain, function, or quality of life compared with a placebo surgical procedure or other conservative treatments for patients with subacromial pain syndrome.» Similarly, several randomized controlled trials failed to prove any functional or structural advantage when performing rotator cuff repairs with or without subacromial decompression.» Imaging studies showed that subacromial decompression did not prevent the development or progression of rotator cuff tears. Moreover, similar retear rates were reported between patients in which rotator cuff repairs were performed with or without subacromial decompression.» In conclusion, subacromial decompression did not provide any clinical or structurally substantial benefit for the treatment of subacromial pain syndrome or the surgical repair of rotator cuff tears.
Femoral Interference Screw Fixation in ACL Reconstruction Using Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafts
Authors: Su Charles A. , Knapik Derrick M. , Trivedi Nikunj N. , Megerian Mark F. , Salata Michael J. , Voos James E. 
Published: January 2020

» Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a commonly performed orthopaedic procedure with numerous reconstructive graft and fixation options. Interference screws have become one of the most commonly utilized methods of securing ACL grafts such as bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) autografts.» The composition of interference screws has undergone substantial evolution over the past several decades, and numerous advantages and disadvantages are associated with each design.» The composition, geometry, and insertional torque of interference screws have important implications for screw biomechanics and may ultimately influence the strength, stability of graft fixation, and biologic healing in ACL reconstruction.» This article reviews the development and biomechanical properties of interference screws while examining outcomes, complications, and gaps in knowledge that are associated with the use of femoral interference screws during BPTB ACL reconstruction.
Discursos, mídias, práticas e regimes de crença
Authors: Fontanille Jacques 
Published: January 2020

As mídias exploram todos os planos de imanência. Mesmo limitando-se ao “texto” midiático, é difícil excluir dele os objetos e as tecnologias que o suportam, as práticas de recepção que o determinam, sem falar das estratégias de publicação e de edição, e até dos valores e identidades de marca que as subsumem. Além disso, a instância de discurso e de enunciação, por construírem as semioses midiáticas, devem adotar os “regimes de crença” que condicionam a implementação da veridicção textual. Esses regimes de crença são, em geral, incluídos nas determinações de gênero e de tipo semiótico, mas no caso das mídias, enfrentamos, dentro desta concepção, duas dificuldades: (1) a quantidade de tipos semióticos encontrados nas mídias e (2) a aparição recente de regimes de crença transversais e globalizados (o documento, o jogo, a didática e a ficção), que não se fixam mais a um gênero ou a um tipo. Essas dificuldades levantam questões, para além mesmo dos meios de comunicação, sobre o nível de ancoragem social dos regimes de crença midiáticos: formas de vida? Modos de existência social? Semiosferas? As mídias ocupam um espaço muito particular na cultura contemporânea, que exige uma abordagem em vários níveis.
Discrimination of mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes in NSCLC based on radiomic features in different phases of CT imaging
Authors: Sha Xue , Gong Guan Zhong , Qiu Qing Tao , Duan Jing Hao , Li Deng Wang , Yin Yong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to develop radiomic models based on different phases of computed tomography (CT) imaging and to investigate the efficacy of models for diagnosing mediastinal metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: Eighty-six NSCLC patients were enrolled in this study, and we selected 231 mediastinal LNs confirmed by pathology results as the subjects which were divided into training (n=163) and validation cohorts (n=68). The regions of interest (ROIs) were delineated on CT scans in the plain phase, arterial phase and venous phase, respectively. Radiomic features were extracted from the CT images in each phase. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was used to select features, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to build models. We constructed six models (orders 1-6) based on the radiomic features of the single- and dual-phase CT images. The performance of the radiomic model was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).
Results: A total of 846 features were extracted from each ROI, and 10, 9, 5, 2, 2, and 9 features were chosen to develop models 1-6, respectively. All of the models showed excellent discrimination, with AUCs greater than 0.8. The plain CT radiomic model, model 1, yielded the highest AUC, specificity, accuracy and PPV, which were 0.926 and 0.925; 0.860 and 0.769; 0.871 and 0.882; and 0.906 and 0.870 in the training and validation sets, respectively. When the plain and venous phase CT radiomic features were combined with the arterial phase CT images, the sensitivity increased from 0.879 and 0.919 to 0.949 and 0979 and the NPV increased from 0.821 and 0.789 to 0.878 and 0.900 in the training group, respectively.
Conclusions: All of the CT radiomic models based on different phases all showed high accuracy and precision for the diagnosis of LN metastasis (LNM) in NSCLC patients. When combined with arterial phase CT, the sensitivity and NPV of the model was be further improved.
Spatio-temporal variation of malaria hotspots in central Senegal, 2008-2012
Authors: DIENG Sokhna , Ba El Hadj , Cissé Badara , Sallah Kankoe , Guindo Abdoulaye , Ouedraogo Boukary , Piarroux Martine , Rebaudet Stanislas , Piarroux Renaud , Landier Jordi , Sokhna Cheikh , Gaudart Jean 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background In malaria endemic areas, identifying spatio-temporal hotspots is becoming an important element of innovative control strategies targeting transmission bottlenecks. The aim of this work was to describe the spatio-temporal variation of malaria hotspots in central Senegal, and to identify the meteorological, environmental, and preventive factors that influence this variation.
Methods The weekly incidence of malaria cases recorded from 2008 to 2012 in 575 villages of central Senegal (total population 523,908) during a trial of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC), were analysed. Data on weekly rainfall and annual vegetation types were obtained for each village from remote sensing data. The time series of weekly malaria incidence for the entire study area was divided into periods of high and low transmission using change-point analysis. Malaria hotspots were detected during each transmission period with the SaTScan method. The effects of rainfall, vegetation type, and SMC intervention on the spatio-temporal variation of malaria hotspots were assessed using a General Additive Mixed Model.
Results The malaria incidence rate for the entire area ranged from 0 to 115.34 cases/100,000 person weeks during the study period. During high transmission periods, the cumulative malaria incidence rate varied between 7.53 and 38.1 cases/100,000 person-weeks, and the number of hotspot villages varied between 62 and 147. During low transmission periods, the cumulative malaria incidence rate varied between 0.83 and 2.73 cases/100,000 person-weeks, and the number of hotspot villages varied between 10 and 43. Villages with SMC were less likely to be hotspots (OR=0.48, IC95%: 0.33-0.68). The association between rainfall and hotspot status was non-linear and depended on vegetation type and the amount of rainfall. The association between village location in the study area and the hotspot status was also showed.
Conclusion In our study, malaria hotspots varied over space and time according to a combination of meteorological, environmental, and preventive factors. Knowing the similar environmental and meteorological particularities of hotspots, surveillance on these factors could lead targeted public health interventions in local context. Moreover, the issue of spatial hotspots and foci of malaria persistence during LTPs needs to be further addressed.
A simple strategy based on fibers coated with surfactant-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes to improve the properties of solid-phase microextraction of phenols in aqueous solution
Authors: zhou xueqing , Xie Yanli , Zhao Zhendong , Fu Wenyan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Methods and Experiments: In this study, a functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-coated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was developed for concentrating analytes in aqueous samples. Sodium deoxycholate(NaDC) was used as a dispersing agent for non-covalent modification of MWCNTs. The coating showed porous structure and large adsorption capacity. To investigate the capability of this MWCNTs/NaDC SPME fiber, it was applied to the analysis of phenols in aqueous solution. After extraction, the analytes were desorbed in an acetonitrile–water solution and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: The MWCNTs/NaDC fiber exhibited good analytical performance, and fine preparation reproducibility was obtained with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 4.9% to 10.2% (n = 6) in one batch, from 5.7% to 11.9% (n = 3) among different batches. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the detection limits were 0.15–0.30 ng/mL(S/N=3), the linear detection ranges were 1–100 ng/mL (R2≥0.9997) for these analytes, and good recoveries(80.3%–95.4%) were obtained for the spiked samples. Conclusion: This is a simple and accurate pretreatment method for the analysis of phenols in aqueous samples.
Prevalence of and Characteristics Associated with In-Hospital Mortality in a Ugandan Neurology Ward
Authors: Diaz Monica Maria , Hu Xin , Fenton Brenda T , Kimuli Ivan , Lee Allison , Lindsey Hayley , Bigelow Jeffrey K , Maiser Samuel , Altalib Hamada H. , Sico Jason J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background ― While the burden of neurologic illness in developing countries is increasing, less is known about mortality among patients admitted to sub-Saharan African hospitals with neurologic disease. We sought to characterize the rate and patient-level predictors of in-hospital mortality in a Ugandan Neurology ward.ccMethods ― Data was prospectively collected on 335 patients admitted to the Neurology ward of Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and multivariate COX proportional hazard modeling were used to assess survival.Results ―Within our sample (n=307), 35.8% received no diagnosis at time of hospital admission. Stroke (27.3%), head trauma (19.6%), and malaria (16.0%) were the most common diagnoses. Among the 56 (18.5%) patients who died during the index hospitalization, the most common diagnosis at admission and at death was stroke. Adjusted regression analysis showed that patients without a diagnosis at time of death (HR=7.01 [2.42-20.35], p<.001) and those with diagnoses of infections (HR=5.21 [2.16-12.58], p=<.001), stroke (HR=2.69 [1.20-6.04], p=.017), or head trauma (HR=3.39, [1.27-9.07], p=0.15) had worse survival. Conclusions ― In-hospital mortality affected nearly 20% of the cohort, with worse survival among those without a diagnosis and with infections, stroke, head trauma. Future work should identify reasons for increased mortality among these high-risk groups and implement targeted interventions.
Are we doing enough? Improved breastfeeding practices at 14weeks but challenges of non-initiation and early cessation of breastfeeding remain: findings of two consecutive cross-sectional surveys in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Horwood Christiane , Haskins Lyn , Engebretsen Ingunn Marie , Connolly Catherine , Coutsoudis Anna , Spies Lenore 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Initiative for breastfeeding support (KIBS) was a multipronged intervention to support breastfeeding initiation and sustained breastfeeding implemented between 2014 and 2017. We present results of two surveys conducted before and after KIBS implementation to assess changes in feeding practices in KZN over this time period. Methods Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted in primary health care clinics. Multistage stratified random sampling was used to select clinics and participants. Sample size was calculated to provide district estimates of 14-week exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates at baseline (KIBS1), and provincial estimates at endpoint (KIBS2). At KIBS1 the sample required was nine participating clinics in each of 11 districts (99 clinics) with 369 participants per district (N=4059), and at KIBS2 was 30 clinics in KZN with 30 participants per clinic (N=900). All caregivers aged ≥ 15 years attending the clinic with infants aged 13- <16 weeks were eligible to participate. Data was collected using structured interviews on android devices. Multi-variable logistic regression was used to adjust odds ratios for differences between time points. Results At KIBS1 (May2014- March2015), 4172 interviews were conducted with carers, of whom 3659 (87.6%) were mothers. At KIBS2 (January-August 2017), 929 interviews were conducted which included 788 (84.8%) mothers. Among all carers the proportion of EBF was 44.6% and 50.5% (p= 0.1) at KIBS1 and KIBS2 respectively, but greater improvements in EBF were shown among mothers (49.9 vs 59.1: p=0.02). There were reductions in mixed feeding among all infants (23.2% vs 16.3%; p=0.016). Although there was no change in the proportion of carers reporting not breastfeeding (31.9% vs 32.8%; p= 0.2), the duration of breastfeeding among mothers who had stopped breastfeeding was longer at KIBS2 compared to KIBS1 (p=0.0015). Mothers who had returned to work or school were less likely to be breastfeeding (AOR 3.76; 95% CI 3.1-4.6), this was similar among HIV positive mothers (AOR 2.1; 95% CI 1.7-2.6). Conclusion Despite improvements to exclusive breastfeeding, failure to initiate and sustain breastfeeding is a challenge to achieving optimal breastfeeding practices. Interventions are required to address these challenges and support breastfeeding particularly among working mothers and HIV positive mothers.
Rno-microRNA-30c-5p promotes myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats through activating NF-κB pathway and targeting SIRT1
Authors: Chen Jianfeng , Zhang Mingming , Zhang Shouyan , Wu Junlong , Xue Shufeng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of rno-microRNA-30c-5p (rno-miR-30c-5p) on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in rats and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: A rat model of myocardial IR injury was established. The infarct size was detected by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The pathologic changes of myocardial tissues were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The apoptosis of myocardial cells was measured by TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. The mRNA expression of rno-miR-30c-5p and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, p-IκBα, IκBα, p-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65 and SIRT1 was detected by Western blot. The interaction between rno-miR-30c-5p and SIRT1 was predicted by TargetScan, and further identified by dual luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Results: The myocardial IR injury model was successfully established in rats. IR induced the myocardial injury in rats and increased the expression of rno-miR-30c-5p. Overexpression of rno-miR-30c-5p enhanced the inflammation, promoted the apoptosis, and activated NF-κB pathway in IR myocardial cells. SIRT1 was the target gene of rno-miR-30c-5p. Silencing of SIRT1 reversed the effects of rno-miR-30c-5p inhibitor on the apoptosis and NF-κB pathway in IR myocardial cells. Conclusions: Rno-miR-30c-5p promoted the myocardial IR injury in rats through activating NF-κB pathway and down-regulating SIRT1.
Non breathing-related sleep fragmentation and imaging markers in patients with atherosclerotic cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD): a cross-sectional case-control study
Authors: wang jihui , Chen Xiaodong , Liao Jinchi , Zhou Li , Han Hongying , Tao Jiong , Lu Zhengqi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Sleep fragmentation was shown to be positively associated with cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD); however, the underlying mechanisms are not well characterized. In this study, we sought to clarify this issue by investigating the relationship between non breathing-related sleep fragmentation and brain imaging markers in patients with CSVD.Methods: Eighty-four CSVD patients and 24 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were prospectively recruited. All subjects underwent 3.0 T superconducting magnetic resonance imaging and overnight polysomnography. Polysomnography parameters including sleep onset latency (SOL), total sleep time (TST); sleep efficiency (SE), wake after sleep onset (WASO), percentage of each sleep stage (N1, N2, N3 and rapid eye movement [REM]), arousal index (ArI), periodic limb movement in sleep index (PLSMI), and periodic limb movement related arousal index (PLMAI) were compared between CSVD patients and healthy controls. The relationship between arousal index and CSVD markers was explored in the CSVD group.Results: On polysomnography, CSVD patients showed significantly higher ArI, WASO, PLSMI, and PLMAI, and lower sleep efficiency and N-3 ratio compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). On ordinal logistic regression, higher ArI showed a positive association with the severity of periventricular white matter hyperintensity (odds ratio [OR] 1.121, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.138–2.185) and perivascular space (OR 2.108, 95% CI 1.032–4.017) in CSVD patients, after adjusting for potential confounding variables.Conclusions: These preliminary results indicate that non breathing-related sleep fragmentation is common and related to the pathological markers of CSVD patients. Future prospective research is required to determine the causal relationship between sleep parameters and CSVD pathology.