bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species co-occurrence networks of ground beetles in managed grasslands
Authors: Elo Merja , Ketola Tarmo , Komonen Atte 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGrassland biodiversity, including traditional rural biotopes maintained by traditional agricultural practices, has become threatened worldwide. Road verges have been suggested to be complementary or compensatory habitats for species inhabiting grasslands. Species co-occurrence patterns linked with species traits can be used to separate between the different mechanisms (stochasticity, environmental filtering, biotic interactions) behind community structure. Here, we study species co-occurrence networks and underlying mechanisms of ground beetle species (Carabidae) in three different managed grassland types (meadows, pastures, road verges, n = 12 in each type) in Central Finland. We aimed to find out whether road verges can be considered as compensatory to traditional rural biotopes (meadows and pastures). We found that stochasticity explained over 90% of the pairwise co-occurrences, and the non-random co-occurrences were best explained by environmental filtering, regardless of the grassland type. However, the identities and traits of the species showing non-random co-occurrences differed among the habitat types. Thus, environmental factors behind environmental filtering differ among the habitat types and are related to the site-specific characteristics and variation therein. This poses challenges to habitat management since the species’ response to management action may depend on the site-specific characteristics. Although road verges are not fully compensatory to meadows and pastures, the high similarity of species richness and the high level of shared species suggest that for carabids road verges may be corridors connecting the sparse network of the remaining traditional rural biotopes.
Dust observations from Parker Solar Probe: dust ejection from the inner Solar System
Authors: Mann I. , Czechowski A. 
Published: December 2020

Context. The FIELDS instrument onboard Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observes dust impacts on the spacecraft. The derived dust flux rates suggest that the particles originate from the vicinities of the Sun and are ejected by radiation pressure. Radiation pressure typically ejects particles of several 100 nm and smaller, which are also affected by the electromagnetic force.
Aims. We aim to understand the influence of the electromagnetic force on the dust trajectories and to predict the dust fluxes along the orbit of PSP, within 1 AU and near Earth.
Methods. We study the trajectories of dust particles influenced by gravity, radiation pressure, and the electromagnetic force assuming that pitch-angle scattering can be neglected (scatter-free approximation). We estimate the dust fluxes along the second orbit of PSP and in the vicinity of the Earth based on average dust velocities derived from the trajectory calculations and dust production rates derived from a fragmentation model.
Results. The calculated cumulative flux of dust particles larger than 100 nm is of the same order (within a factor of ~2) as implied by PSP observations. In this size interval, the dynamics of most particles is dominated by the radiation pressure force. The Lorentz force becomes more important for smaller particles and fluxes can vary with magnetic field conditions. The calculated flux of the 30 to 75 nm particles at the PSP is negligible for most of the second orbit, except for an isolated peak at the perihelion. The 30–75 nm particles that were created inwards from 0.16 AU from the Sun are in trapped orbits if the radiation pressure force is weaker than gravity, which is the case for dust from asteroids and for cometary dust that was altered in space.
Conclusions. The inner Solar System is the most likely source of dust smaller than 100 nm that enters Earth’s atmosphere and our results suggest the flux is time-variable.
Zitzenverletzungen – retrospektive Datenauswertung von 116 Deutsch-Holstein-Kühen
Authors: Kaiser Matthias , Starke Alexander 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungGegenstand und Ziel Die Versorgung von Kühen mit Zitzenverletzungen stellt unter den Bedingungen der modernen Milchproduktion eine große Herausforderung dar. Ihre Behandlung und das Management während der Heilungsphase behindern den Schlüsselprozess der Milchwirtschaft, das Melken. Auf Basis der Auswertung des Patientenguts der Klinik für Klauentiere der Universität Leipzig werden therapeutisches Vorgehen und postoperatives Management präsentiert.Material und Methode In einer retrospektiven Untersuchung wurden die Patientendaten von Mai 2012 bis Juli 2017 analysiert. Die Datenerhebung umfasste Lokalisation und Art der Verletzung, initiale und postoperative Medikation sowie Behandlung und deren Erfolg.Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden bei 116 Kühen 120 Zitzenverletzungen behandelt. Als häufigste Lokalisation traten Zitzenverletzungen unter Einbeziehung des Verschlussapparats (n = 85; 70,8 %) auf. Gedeckte Zitzenverletzungen stellten die häufigste Verletzungsart dar (n = 73; 60,8 %). Insgesamt waren 65 (54,2 %) der vorgestellten Läsionen gedeckt und bezogen den Verschlussapparat ein. Diese wurden zeitnah nach Vorstellung, unabhängig von anderen Diagnosen (Thelitis [außer akut, hochgradig], Zisternitis oder Mastitis) fast ausschließlich lateralendoskopisch geführt operiert. Insgesamt 98 (87,4 %) der behandelten Zitzen waren nach der Ausheilung melkbar, 7,2 % (n = 8) wurden amputiert und die übrigen ließen sich nach einer weiteren Operation uneingeschränkt melken. Die nach mindestens 700 Tagen erfolgte Nachfrage zum Verbleib der Tiere ergab, dass 23 (21,5 %) der chirurgisch und 2 (50 %) der konservativ versorgten Tiere wegen Problemen mit der betroffenen Zitze oder dem zugehörigen Viertel geschlachtet wurden.Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Zitzenverletzungen sind für die Rinderpraxis relevante Erkrankungen. Bei unverzüglicher, konsequenter Versorgung der Läsion und der intensiven, kompetenten Überwachung des Heilungsverlaufs mit angepasster postoperativer Therapie sind bezüglich Wiederherstellung der Euterfunktion die besten Behandlungsergebnisse zu erwarten.
Risk Factors for Poor Postoperative Outcome and Epileptic Symptoms in Patients Diagnosed with Cerebral Cavernous Malformations
Authors: Winter Fabian , Blair Lisa , Buchfelder Michael , Roessler Karl 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and Study Objective Roughly 12 to 47% of individuals with cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are asymptomatic, while other people may present with symptoms such as epileptic seizures, neurologic deficits, and intracerebral hemorrhages (IH). The aim of this study was to report our experience of postoperative outcomes of patients diagnosed with CCMs.
Patients and Methods We present a series of consecutive patients who underwent surgical treatment for a diagnosed CCM between January 2003 and March 2014. Data were retrospectively analyzed with respect to preoperative visits, operating reports, patient admission charts, and postoperative follow-up visits. The Engel scale was used to evaluate the outcome of patients with epileptic seizures.
Results A total of 91 patients were included with a mean age of 38.8 ± 15 years (range: 2–72 years). Prior to surgery, 57 of these patients had epileptic seizures, while 25 patients recorded at least one episode of IH with a latency time of 6.7 ± 8.5 years (range: 3–240 months) in between hemorrhages. A CCM located within the brainstem was significantly associated with IH prior to surgery (p = 0.000). If the CCM was adjacent to an eloquent brain area, the postoperative outcome in terms of seizure control was significantly worse (p = 0.033). In addition, a trend for worsened outcomes according to the Engel scale was observed in patients with more than one seizure prior to surgery (p = 0.055).
Conclusion Proximity of CCMs to eloquent brain areas is a risk factor for poor postoperative outcome with respect to a lower rate of medication reduction as well as a lower rate of epileptic seizure omission. This underlines the importance of patient-specific therapeutic approaches.
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Nasopharynx with Skull Base Involvement: Retrospective National Cohort Analysis of Treatment Paradigms, Outcomes, and Provider Density
Authors: Gadkaree Shekhar K. , Parikh Anuraag S. , Barbarite Eric , Feng Allen L. , McCarty Justin , Gray Stacey T. , Lin Derrick T. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives This article examines a national cohort of patients with nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) for incidence, skull base invasion, overall survival, and treatment paradigms.
Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective national population-based study using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program data of patients with ACC of the nasopharynx (NACC) and skull base between 2004 and 2016.
Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcomes included 5-year overall survival and odds of radiation treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 15.0 (STATACorp). p-Values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results Of the 2,385 cases of ACC, 70 cases were classified as NACC. Twenty-one percent (15) involved invasion of the skull base or posterior pharyngeal wall, and 42% (30) were either stage 3 or stage 4. The 5-year overall survival for patients with NACC without skull base invasion was 67% which dropped to 40% with invasion into the skull base. Radiation was used as the primary form of therapy for 62% of NACC and 73% of NACC invading into skull base. Odds of receiving radiation therapy and 5-year survival were not affected by socioeconomic status or density of providers.
Conclusion NACC is rare in incidence and was most commonly treated with radiation therapy when advanced in stage. Prognosis was dependent on invasion through posterior pharyngeal wall and skull base. Provider density and socioeconomic status did not affect odds of radiation or overall survival for NACC.
Intrathecal Administration of Nusinersen in Pediatric SMA Patients with and without Spine Deformities: Experiences and Challenges over 3 Years in a Single Center
Authors: Johannsen Jessika , Weiss Deike , Schlenker Friderike , Groth Michael , Denecke Jonas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neurodegenerative disease leading to progressive muscular atrophy, respiratory failure, and premature death. Secondary thorax and spine deformities are frequent. In July 2017, the antisense oligonucleotide nusinersen (Spinraza) was approved for the recurrent lifelong intrathecal treatment of SMA in Europe. Lumbar punctures are challenging especially in SMA patients with severe spine deformities and after spine surgery. In the light of alternative SMA therapies that are available or are expected to be available soon and which are administered orally or via one-time infusion, an appraisal of the established therapy is significant. Discussion about which therapy is the best for each individual patient will have to include not only the safety and efficacy of data but also the application form and its burden for the patient and the health care system. Therefore, we analyzed our 3-year experiences and challenges with 478 lumbar puncture procedures in 61 pediatric SMA patients with and without spine deformities or instrumentation.
Mini-Invasive Surgery for Distal Radius Fractures: A Double Incision under 12 mm
Authors: Ribeiro Elisabete , Campanholi Gustavo , Acherboim Marcelo , Ruggiero Gustavo Mantovani 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Distal radius fracture is one of the most common lesions in adults. Surgical techniques have evolved considerably with a clear tendency toward mini-invasive techniques.
Objective Our aim is to push the limits to a 12 mm approach and evaluate its clinical and radiological results.
Patients and Methods Ten fractures in nine patients were operated by a double incision with mean size 11.50 ± 3.41 mm (range 8.00–1.00) and using a specially designed volar distal locking plate.
Results At the latest follow-up, visual analogue scale score for pain (0.20 ± 0.63 during rest and 0.60 ± 1.07 while making efforts) and quick DASH (quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand) score (6.14 ± 7.43) were extremely low. All the range of motion parameters and grip strength were above the 95% barrier of the contralateral side, with exception of ulnar deviation. Radiological parameters obtained were located within the normal ranges. Time to return to independent daily tasks and work was 6.67 ± 5.15 and 10.14 ± 14.24 days, respectively. One case of transient carpal tunnel syndrome was solved with watchful waiting and one case of extensor tendons impingement was improved after plate removal. All patients were completely satisfied at the end of the treatment.
Conclusion In conclusion, mini-invasive volar technique for distal radius fractures with special designed plates in carefully selected patients allowed us to obtain good clinical and radiological results, minimal complications, fast recovery, and high-satisfactory rates.
Level of Evidence This is a Level IV, case series study.
The Caregiver Reported Autistic Symptoms in Preschool Children: Findings of Chandigarh Autism Screening Instrument (CASI) Linked Screening from North India
Authors: Joseph Jaison , Hooda Komal , Chauhan Indu , Dhull Komal 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder and can be early detected with the aid of screening tools. Chandigarh autism screening instrument (CASI) is a newly developed tool to screen autistic symptoms among children aged between 1.5 to 10 years in the north Indian Hindi speaking population.

Objective In this study, we evaluated the caregiver report of autistic symptoms in preschool children (3–6 years) attending selected schools of Rohtak.

Materials and Methods The index study was conducted among 225 caregivers of school-going children aged between 3 to 6 years. Social and communication disorders checklist (SCDC-Hindi) and CASI was used to measure autistic symptoms. The modified Kuppuswamy scale was used for assessing the socioeconomic status of the caregivers.

Results The autistic symptoms varied from 2.2 to 18.7%, depending upon the CASI (cutoff score of 10) and SCDC (cutoff score of 9) measurements. The items in the shorter four-item version (CASI Bref) of CASI were found to be the predictors of autistic symptoms in this population. Children’s gender, age, and socioeconomic status were not found to have any association with autistic symptoms in this setting.

Conclusion The study provides preliminary evidence in relation to the CASI-linked screening for autistic symptoms among preschool children. The shorter version of CASI (CASI Bref) can be an efficient quick screener for autistic traits, but the full version of CASI needs to be validated as per age-appropriate autism screening tools.
Electron–phonon coupling enhancement and displacive magnetostructural transition in SrCr2
As2 under magneto-Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Kaneko U F , Teodoro M D , Gomes P F , Sangeetha N S , Johnston D C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A Raman spectroscopy study on high quality single crystals of SrCr2
As2 (SCA) in the temperature T range 4 K < T < 300 K and high applied magnetic fields up to H = 9 T is presented. The chromium B
1g phonon analysis reveals two anomalous shifts in the frequency, the first below T = 250 K at H = 0 T in the saturated AFM G-type order likely due to an enhanced electron–phonon coupling by the magnetic order, whereas the second anomaly occurs above H = 4 T at T = 4 K likely as a consequence of a magnetostructural displacive transition. Renormalization of the electronic Raman spectra in both studies reveals a decrease in the electronic density of states with decreasing T and increasing H, respectively, with consequent changes in the Fermi surface, which are intrinsically related to the observed anomalies.
Tracking control of two qubit entanglement using piecewise time-independent method
Authors: Delben G J , Beims M W 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The tracking control of quantum correlations between two coupled qubits is analyzed, where only one of the qubits is coupled to a Markovian environment. Such a system is a generalized model that can be used, for example, to study the problem of a nuclear spin coupled to the electron spin exposed to the environment. Using an external control field, we increase the time for which the system remains coherent and entangled. The control field is an external potential applied to the system, which contains two adjustable parameters, the intensity and the phase of the field. Furthermore, we present quantum control protocols with different targets. First, for population control of both qubits, second for the coherence control of both two-level systems, and finally for the control of entanglement. Due to analytical for X states the target function can directly be identified with the entanglement. Furthermore, we have shown that when smaller dissipation rates are considered, the control method generates larger stable entanglement between the qubits.
A time-delay propagation model for studying illegal crossing behavior of E-bikes on a regular lattice
Authors: Li Qiao-Ru , Lin Qin-Ze , Li Meng-Jie , Chen Liang , Li Kun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Violation behavior of e-bikes at the signal intersection is usually induced by the ‘herd effect’, which may easily lead to dangerous accidents. In order to study the propagation mechanism of e-bikes’ illegal crossing, taking the high mobility and flexibility of e-bikes into account, this paper proposes an illegal time-delay model based on the theory of regular Lattice. A typical signal intersection of Guilin was selected as the study subject. Its topological features are analyzed through field survey and video shooting. Further, how the violation behavior of e-bikes with different structural features evolves was investigated. Results show that the herd illegal behavior of e-bikes is sensitively affected by the degree, transmission rate, arrival rate and crossing time. Specifically, a slight increase of any of the above factors will dramatically boost the violation behavior across the whole intersection. This study may give insight into why the illegal crossing of e-bikes prevails, and help to facilitate intersection design and signal control in the future.
The Argo: a high channel count recording system for neural recording in vivo
Authors: Sahasrabuddhe Kunal , Khan Aamir A , Singh Aditya P , Stern Tyler M , Ng Yeena , Tadić Aleksandar , Orel Peter , LaReau Chris , Pouzzner Daniel , Nishimura Kurtis , Boergens Kevin M , Shivakumar Sashank , Hopper Matthew S , Kerr Bryan , Hanna Mina-Elraheb S , Edgington Robert J , McNamara Ingrid , Fell Devin , Gao Peng , Babaie-Fishani Amir , Veijalainen Sampsa , Klekachev Alexander V , Stuckey Alison M , Luyssaert Bert , Kozai Takashi D Y , Xie Chong , Gilja Vikash , Dierickx Bart , Kong Yifan , Straka Malgorzata , Sohal Harbaljit S , Angle Matthew R 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective. Decoding neural activity has been limited by the lack of tools available to record from large numbers of neurons across multiple cortical regions simultaneously with high temporal fidelity. To this end, we developed the Argo system to record cortical neural activity at high data rates. Approach. Here we demonstrate a massively parallel neural recording system based on platinum-iridium microwire electrode arrays bonded to a CMOS voltage amplifier array. The Argo system is the highest channel count in vivo neural recording system, supporting simultaneous recording from 65 536 channels, sampled at 32 kHz and 12-bit resolution. This system was designed for cortical recordings, compatible with both penetrating and surface microelectrodes. Main results. We validated this system through initial bench testing to determine specific gain and noise characteristics of bonded microwires, followed by in-vivo experiments in both rat and sheep cortex. We recorded spiking activity from 791 neurons in rats and surface local field potential activity from over 30 000 channels in sheep. Significance. These are the largest channel count microwire-based recordings in both rat and sheep. While currently adapted for head-fixed recording, the microwire-CMOS architecture is well suited for clinical translation. Thus, this demonstration helps pave the way for a future high data rate intracortical implant.
Development of Electricity Trading Vector Benefit Evaluation Model
Authors: Chang You Yi , Wang Rong Mao , He Xiao Yang , Li Qing Chun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In order to ensure the smooth progress of the new round of electricity reform and reduce market operation risks, it is necessary to study the impact of the market rules on the market performance through the power market simulation before the formal implementation of the market rules, in order to test the rationality of the trading rules and discover the existence of the defects in the rules, so as to further optimize and perfect the market design, establish corresponding market risk control strategies, and resolve risks in the stage of market design and rule making. This article is based on the fact that users of production and consumption can trade their own elastic load capacity on the feature vector trading platform, that is, when they respond to the imbalance of distributed generation/power consumption of production and consumption groups, the environmental protection benefits of distributed power generation can be reflected before they can obtain corresponding response power Subsidies for environmental benefits. According to the principle of power trading evaluation, the eigenvector model is used for analysis, and the simulation experiment environment is used to simulate the reasonable range of benefits in power trading, which proves that the research content of this paper is true and effective, and plays a popular role in power trading evaluation.
Design of Self-Healing Control Method for Photo Voltaic Distribution Network of Internet of Things
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Lin Wei , Yu Yang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
During the construction of photo voltaic grid-connected distribution network, the self-healing control system is generally composed of monitoring computer, communication cable, communication interface, photoelectric converter, bus connector and multi-film optical cable. The remote centralized monitoring is realized by communicating with the local controller of the unit. Its network mode model for industrial Ethernet, communication system and implementation of the need for large-scale but photo voltaic (pv) grid power distribution network with single purpose of large number, wide distribution of the region, and the communication of capital concentration is much higher than power generation capacity of thermal power, hydro power, nuclear power or if based on Internet technology and network, not only can reduce the communication equipment of the implementation of the capital, can also provide follow-up self-healing control rising space.