bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of body mass index and creatinine clearance on serum trough concentration of vancomycin in adult patients
Authors: Pan Yuyan , He Xiaomei , Yao Xinyu , Yang Xiaofeng , Wang Fengjiao , Ding Xinyuan , Wang Wenjuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of patient body mass index (BMI) and estimated creatinine clearance (CrCl) on serum vancomycin concentrations to define a possible optimal dosage regimen in overweight patients based on data obtained during therapeutic drug monitoring.Methods: This retrospective study used data collected from January 2017 to January 2019. Adult patients (n=204) received vancomycin treatment at a dose of 1000 mg every 12 h and underwent serum monitoring. Data collected included patient disease category, sex, age, height, weight, vancomycin regimens and concentrations, and serum creatinine. In this study, statistical comparisons were performed on the results of patients according to serum vancomycin concentration.Results: Serum vancomycin concentration was significantly related to BMI (P < 0.001) and CrCl (P < 0.05) in adult patients. Furthermore, the trough serum vancomycin concentration showed a logarithmic correlation with BMI (R = -0.5108, 95% CI: -0.6082 to -0.3982, P < 0.001) and CrCl (R = -0.5739, 95% CI: -0.6616 to -0.4707, P < 0.001). In addition, CrCl was significantly related to BMI (P < 0.01). Moreover, some of the patients with higher BMI (≥ 24 kg/m2) met the goal trough concentration after an adjustment from 1000 mg every 12 h to 1000 mg every 8 h.Conclusions: Serum vancomycin concentration decreases progressively with increasing BMI due to the augmentation in CrCl in adult patients. Therefore, the trough concentration of vancomycin should be continuously monitored for patients with a BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2 while considering the patient CrCl. The dosage regimen should be adjusted in a timely manner to reach the target trough concentration and reduce the impact of BMI.
Concept Analysis of Community Health Outreach
Authors: SHIN Hye Young , KIM Ka Young , Kang Purum 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The definition of community health outreach, aimed at promoting the health of vulnerable populations, depends heavily on the particulars of the given health project and community. There is no consistency in the definitions attached to the concept itself. Our study aimed to clarify the general definition of community health outreach to facilitate its understanding and use. Methods: Walker and Avant’s (2010) method of concept analysis was used to understand Community Health outreach. A total of 51 articles were included in the analysis after having searched for text on database portals like PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL complete and EMBASE published between 2010 and 2018. Results: The defining attributes of the concept of community health outreach were purposive, temporary, mobile and collaborative. The antecedents were individuals facing health risks and awareness of health risks. The consequences were increased accessibility and health promotion. Conclusion: This study proposed the definition of community health outreach as a temporary, mobile project that involves the collaboration of a community to undertake its purposeful health intervention of reaching a population facing health risks. This definition provides a general understanding of the outreach undertaken by health workers and enables the strong connection between health professionals and community residents.
Loss of FANCD2 and related proteins may predict malignant transformation in oral epithelial dysplasia
Authors: Ho Michael W , Ryan Mark , Gupta Juhi , Triantafyllou Asterios , Risk Janet , Shaw Richard , Wilson James 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Predicting malignant transformation in oral epithelial dysplasia(OED) is a clinical challenge. The higher rate of malignant transformation in non-smokers supports an endogenous aetiology. Loss of FANCD2 and associated proteins could lead to genomic instability and oncogenesis.
Patients & Methods: Longitudinal archival samples from 40 individuals with OED from time of diagnosis to the most recent review in 23 stable OED; or until excision of the SCC in 17 unstable OED undergoing malignant transformation. Histopathological reassessment, immunohistochemistry for FANCD2 and Western blotting for phosphorylation/monubiquitination status of ATR, CHK1, FANCD2 and FANCG were undertaken on each tissue sample.
Results: Decreased expression of FANCD2 was observed in the diagnostic biopsy of OED lesions which later underwent malignant transformation. Combining the FANCD2 expression scores with histological grading more accurately predicted malignant transformation (p=0.005) than histology alone and correctly predicted malignant transformation in 10/17 initial biopsies. Significantly reduced expression of total FANCD2, pFANCD2, pATR, pCHK-1 and pFANCG were observed in unstable OED.
Discussion: There is good evidence that defects in the DNA damage sensing-signalling-repair cascade are associated with malignant transformation in OED. Loss of post-translational modification in FANCD2 and related proteins, was more predictive of malignant transformation when compared to clinicopathological parameters.
Brain Natriuretic Peptide to Predict Successful Liberation from Mechanical Ventilation in Critically Ill Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Authors: Deschamps Jean , Andersen Sarah K. , Webber Jordan , Featherstone Robin , Sebastianski Meghan , Vandermeer Ben , Senaratne Janek , Bagshaw Sean M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

Predicting successful liberation from mechanical ventilation (MV) in critically ill patients is challenging. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been proposed to help guide decision-making for readiness to liberate from MV following a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT).

Methods

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and prospective observational studies that measured BNP levels at the time of SBT in patients receiving MV. The primary endpoint was successful liberation from MV (absence of re-intubation or non-invasive ventilation at 48h). Statistical analyses include bi-variate and Moses-Littenberg models, and DerSimonian-Laird pooling of areas under ROC curve (AUROC).

Results

A total of 731 articles were screened. After pre-specified inclusion criteria, 18 adult and 2 pediatric studies were included. The measure of the relative variation of BNP during SBT (ΔBNP%) after exclusion of SBT failure by clinical criteria in adults yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 0.889 [0.831-0.929] and 0.828 [0.730-0.896] respectively, with a pooled AUROC of 0.92 [0.88-0.97] for successful liberation from MV. The pooled AUROC for any method of analysis for absolute variation of BNP (ΔBNP), pre-SBT BNP and post-SBT BNP were 0.89 [0.83-0.95], 0.77 [0.63-0.91], and 0.85 [0.80-0.90], respectively.

Conclusion

The ΔBNP during a SBT is an accurate incremental tool after SBT success by clinical indices to predict successful liberation from MV in adults. There is insufficient data to support its use as an alternate test to clinical indices of SBT or the use of ΔBNP, BNP-pre and BNP-post as an alternate or incremental test, or in pediatric patients.
Identification of lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network associated with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Zhou Minwen , Lu Bing , Tan Wei , Fu Mingshui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by a progressive permanent degeneration of retinal ganglion cell (RGCs) death. An increasing number of studies have suggested that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have the ability to regulate gene expression; however, thus far, the mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in the development of POAG are still unclear. Methods: Using the data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), differentially expressed lncRNAs and differentially expressed mRNAs between POAG patients and controls were identified. Then, the lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed, and the key lncRNAs in POAG were identified. A Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed to assess the enriched biological functions of mRNA in the ceRNA network. Results: During this study, a POAG-related ceRNA network with 37 miRNA nodes, 248 lncRNA nodes, 178 mRNA nodes, and 1985 edges was constructed. In addition, four lncRNAs (DNAJC27-AS1, AF121898, OIP5-AS1, and SNX29P2) were established as hub RNAs in this ceRNA network. The functional assay showed that 18 GO terms and 17 pathways were enriched. Conclusion: This study provides novel insights into the lncRNA‑related ceRNA network in POAG, and the four lncRNAs were identified in the development of POAG.
Furosemide stress test as a predictive marker of acute kidney injury progression or renal replacement therapy: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Jia-Jin , Chang Chih-Hsiang , Huang Yen Ta , Kuo George 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The use of the furosemide stress test (FST) as an acute kidney injury (AKI) severity marker has been discussed in several different trials. However, the diagnostic performance of the FST in predicting AKI progression has not yet been fully discussed. Methods In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched the PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane databases up to December, 31 2019. The diagnostic performance of the FST (in terms of sensitivity, specificity, number of events, number of true positives, and number of false positives) was extracted and evaluated. Results We identified nine trials that enrolled a total of 1296 patients, including 432 patients and 864 patients for whom the outcomes in terms of AKI stage progression and renal replacement therapy (RRT), respectively, were reported. The pooled sensitivity and specificity results of the FST for AKI progression prediction were 0.83 (95% CI: 0.76 - 0.89) and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.80 - 0.92), respectively. The pooled positive likelihood ratio (LR) was 5.27 (95% CI: 3.75-7.39), the pooled negative LR was 0.22 (95% CI: 0.15 - 0.32), and the pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 29.34 (95% CI: 16.35-52.66). The summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC) with pooled diagnostic accuracy was 0.87. The diagnostic performance of the FST in predicting AKI progression was not affected by different AKI criteria (relative DOR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.18 - 5.94) or underlying chronic kidney disease (relative DOR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.08 - 5.70). The pooled sensitivity and specificity results of the FST for RRT prediction were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76 - 0.93) and 0.71(95% CI: 0.56 -0.83), respectively. The pooled positive LR and pooled negative LR were 2.85 (95% CI: 1.81-4.48) and 0.22(95% CI: 0.11- 0.43), respectively. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 13.36 (95% CI: 4.79-37.27) and SROC with pooled diagnostic accuracy was 0.87. Conclusion The FST is a simple tool for the identification of AKI populations at high risk of AKI progression, but the diagnostic performance of FST in RRT prediction is suboptimal.
Circulating neutrophil-derived microparticles associated with the prognosis of patients with sepsis
Authors: Chen Hong-Peng , Wang Xiao-Yan , Pan Xiao-Yan , Hu Wang-Wang , Cai Shu-Ting , Deng Lie-Hua , Ma Da-Qing 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background To investigate the relationship between plasma neutrophil-derived micro-particles (NDMPs) and sepsis patients’ prognosis. Methods Eighty eligible patients were classified as the sepsis and septic shock group according to the international guidelines. Their demographic data, pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6 and sTREM-1) and sepsis severity assessment index (PCT, APACHE-II scores, MODS scores, mechanical ventilation time, ICU length of stay (LOS) and total hospital length of stay (LOS)) of the post-admission day 1, 3, 5 and 7 were harvested. Their plasma NDMPs were determined with magnetic bead sorting and nanoparticle tracking analyser (NTA). Survival curve against the circulation NDMPs was constructed. Results The NDMPs level was higher in the septic shock patients than in the sepsis patients on the post ICU admission day 1, 3 and 5 ( P < 0.05). The NDMPs levels were significantly increased with a parallel increase of pro-inflammatory mediators and sepsis severity ( P <0.05) as well as mortality. Conclusions Our data suggested that NDMP may be a biomarker of sepsis severity and mortality but how its role on sepsis prognosis warrants further study.
CReM: chemically reasonable mutations framework for structure generation
Authors: Polishchuk Pavel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Structure generators are widely used in de novo design studies and their performance substantially influences an outcome. Approaches based on deep learning models and conventional atom-based approaches may result in invalid structures and did not address their synthetic feasibility issues. Conventional reaction-based approaches result in synthetically feasible compounds but novelty and diversity of generated compounds may be limited. Fragment-based approaches can provide better novelty and diversity of generated compounds but the issue of synthetic complexity of generated structure was not explicitly addressed before. Here, we developed a new fragment-based approach which results in chemically valid structures by design and gives flexible control over diversity, novelty, synthetic complexity and chemotypes of generated compounds. The approach was implemented as an open-source Python module.
Expression of AIM2 in rheumatoid arthritis and its role on fibroblast-like synoviocyte
Authors: qiu fujuan , Yong Chen , Fujuan Qiu , Xiaofeng Zhao , Changhong Xiao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background To determine whether any differences of AIM2 inflammasome expression levels between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) and investigate the effects of AIM2 when transferred into RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS).Methods Serum AIM2 levels between OA and RA patients were compared by ELISA. Different expression levels of AIM2, ASC, Caspase-1 and IL-1β between RA and OA synovium were semi-quantified by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. IHC staining were recorded by H scores, and determine the correlation with ESR and CRP levels of RA patients. SiRNA AIM2 was transferred to RA-FLS and observe its effects on proliferation and migration by MTT assay and transwell test respectively.Results In RA sera, no significant difference was observed between OA and RA patients. However, in affected knee synovium, AIM2, ASC, Caspase-1 and IL-1β were expressed higher in RA than that of OA. Plus, H score of AIM2, ASC, and IL-1β were positively correlated to ESR and CRP levels in RA patients. After transferred AIM2 siRNA to FLS and incubation for 48 hours, the proliferation of FLS were significantly inhibited, and the apoptosis rate were significantly increased compared to FLS in control group. However, no effect on migration was detected.Conclusions AIM2 participated in the proliferation of FLS, and might be a potential target for therapy.
Cost-effective joint Optimisation of BBU Placement and Fronthaul Deployment in Brown-field Scenarios
Authors: Marotta Andrea , Correia Luis Manuel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this work one proposes a model to evaluate the optimal deployment of Centralised Radio Access Network (C-RAN) architecture elements, i.e. Base Band processing Units (BBUs) and fronthaul links, in a brownfield scenario in which traditional base stations are already deployed and a physical network is present. The proposed optimisation framework jointly optimises BBU placement and access network infrastructures deployment. It clusterises Remote Radio Heads in the scenario through a Multicommodity Flow approach and solves the minimum cost fronthaul network deployment through a Rooted Delay-Constrained Minimum Spanning Tree approach. Optical fibre and microwave links are considered as fronthaul infrastructures. The proposed optimisation framework is validated through a comparison with a theoretical output for a canonical scenario then it is applied to a real scenario. A cost analysis for different scenario configurations is illustrated, and tradeoff and guidelines for a cost optimal deployment of C-RAN are provided. The analysis of results for the real scenario of the city of Lisbon and its surrounding areas shows that the delay budget in the fronthaul network highly impacts on capital expenditures as well as on operational ones. It is shown that a larger delay budget enables an annual cost reduction up to 72% in urban areas and 54% in rural ones.
PTX3 activates classic complement pathway and mediates phagocytosis of cholesterol-induced apoptotic macrophages in atherosclerosis
Authors: guo tang-meng , ke li , cheng bei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims: Apoptotic macrophages are removed by neighboring phagocytes (efferocytosis), which is an important event in advanced atherosclerosis. We reported the long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) located at the membrane of late apoptotic macrophages, mediates efferocytosis in a cell model of advanced atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism underlying PTX3-mediated apoptotic cell clearance in atherogenesis is unclear. Methods: We modeled macrophage apoptosis in advanced plaques by incubating macrophages (peritoneal macrophages isolated from C57 mice) with free cholesterol (free cholesterol-induced apoptotic macrophages, FC-AMs). FC-AMs were added to a monolayer of fresh phagocytes（macrophages） to study the engulfment response. The percentage of phagocytes that ingested FC-AMs was quantified by using confocal microscopy. C1q and C3b were detected by using fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and the confocal microscopy. Results: We found that PTX3 significantly enhances complement C1q binding on FC-AMs and was correlated with improved activating of classic complement pathway. C3b was the characteristic component of activating of classic complement pathway, displayed the increased deposition on FC-AMs and mediated the phagocytosis of FC-AMs. This study replicated the role of PTX3-mediated efferocytosis, explored the mechanism of PTX3 involving efferocytosis in detail and provided theoretical evidences for PTX3-mediated cardio-protective functions in atherosclerosis. Conclusion: PTX3 activated classic complement pathway and mediated phagocytosis of cholesterol-induced apoptotic macrophages in atherosclerosis.
Traditional Chinese medicine for treating novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yuxi , Liu Xiaobo , Guo Liuxue , Li Juan , Zhong Dongling , Zhang Yonggang , Clarke Mike , Jin Rongjiang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: A new type of coronavirus, 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), is causing an increasing number of cases of pneumonia and has been declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization on 30 January 2020. The virus first appeared in Wuhan, China in late December 2019 and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is being used for its treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis will assess studies of the effects of TCM in 2019-nCoV-infected pneumonia (NCIP).Methods: We will search electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) and Wanfang database using keywords related to NCIP and TCM. Reference lists of relevant trials and reviews will be searched. We will manually search grey literature, such as conference proceedings and academic degree dissertations, and trial registries. Two independent reviewers will screen studies, extract data and evaluate risk of bias. Data analysis will be conducted using Review Manager software (version 5.3.5) and R software (version 3.6.1).Discussion: This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of the effects of TCM for NCIP. The use of TCM for treatment or prevention of these novel viral infections affecting the respiratory tract will be investigated.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020168004
Proximal Gastrectomy with Anti-reflux Anastomosis for Patients with Adenocarcinoma of Esophagogastric Junction: A Simple and Safe Triangle-Valve Technique
Authors: Gao Yongshun , Sun Jiangang , Chen Yuheng , Zhang Yunfei , Chen Peng , Zong Liang , Huang Jingjing , Han Ji , Chen Xiaoping 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background A simple and safe triangle-valve technique (TVT) was applied to proximal gastrectomy (PG) in order to prevent post-surgery gastric reflux among patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG). Its clinical outcomes were evaluated in comparison to those of the canonical total gastrectomy (TG). Method This retrospective study of 74 AEG patients compared two surgical procedures PG-TVT (n = 44) and TG (n = 30) in terms of their surgical outcomes, postoperative complications, and nutritional status. All patients were followed-up for 6 months. Reflux Disease Questionnaire (RDQ) was used to evaluate reflux esophagitis. patients with the RDQ score of ≥12 points were diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Results The mean operation time was significantly shorter in PG-TVT group (242.6 minutes) than in TG group (288.1 minutes). The overall postoperative complication rate was not significantly different between PG-TVT and TG groups. All patients were followed up by 6 months. None of them developed cancer recurrence in distant organs, remnant stomach, or lymph nodes. The GERD incidence was similar between PG-TVT and TG groups. The mean levels of total protein and albumin within the 6 months were significantly higher in PG-TVT group than in TG group after adjusting the time effect and the interaction of time and surgical methods. The level of total protein significantly increased within 6 months in PG-TVT but decreased in TG group. Conclusion PG-TVT provides several advantages including a shorter operating time, better postoperative nutritional status, and similar incidence of GERD over TG for AEG patients.
JUNTS methodology for creating web apps to bridge the gap in doctor-patient communication: the case of COMjuntos application in the field of rare diseases
Authors: Bagò Rosa Estopà i , Ruiz Manuel Armayones 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The diagnosis or even the suspicion of disease has an emotional impact on the patient and their families and generates a need to acquire relevant knowledge and skills in a short period of time. These patients will sometimes face cognitive barriers in their communication with the professionals. These barriers can have a negative effect on knowledge acquisition and, affect their relationship with clinicians. Results : The JUNTS methodology, helps patients manage the communicative situations they and their family members find themselves by exploiting a polyphonic design that includes different levels of involvement. One of the characteristics that makes this approach unique is that patients and representatives of patient-support associations work jointly with health professionals, in designing the contents of a patient-support application. The methodology exploits a modular structure centred around a series of short challenges with different types of user involvement (visual, textual and hypertextual). For optimal adherence elements of persuasive design have been integrated. Conclusions: In this paper, we outline how the JUNTS methodology has been used to develop the COMjuntos app. This web app has been specifically designed to help families who have a child with a rare disease empower themselves in the main communicative situations with health professionals.