bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dàgáárè (Central)
Authors: Angsongna Alexander , Akinbo Samuel 
Published: December 2020

Dàgáárè /dàgááɹɪ̀/ (ISO 639-3) is a Mabia language (Bodomo 1997) of Niger-Congo family. It is spoken by about 1.5 million The map in Figure 1 shows the areas, in northwestern Ghana and southern Burkina Faso, where Dàgáárè is spoken predominantly. There are four broad dialects of Dàgáárè. These include Northern Dàgáárè [dàgàɹà], spoken in Lawra /lóɹáː/, Nandom /nàndɔ̀ː/ and Burkina Faso; Southern Dàgáárè /wáːlɪ́/, spoken around Kaleo /kàlèó/ and in Wa /wá/; Western Dàgáárè /bɪ̀ɹɪ̀fɔ̀/ spoken in Lassie /lààsɪ̀ɛ́/, Tuna /tʊ́ːnà/ and along the western side of the Black Volta river in Burkina Faso. The other dialect is Central Dàgáárè. These broad dialects are further divided into sub-dialects, as there are internal variations in these dialect groups (Bodomo 2000). This paper’s primary focus is on Central Dàgáárè, which comprises the varieties spoken in and around Jirapa /ʤɪ̀ɹɛ́bǎː/, Han /hɛ̌ŋ/, Ullo /úlò/, Daffiama /dàfɪ̀ɛ́mɛ́/, Nadowli /nàdòlí/, Charikpong /tʃɛ̀ɹɪ̀kpóŋ/, Sombo /sʊ̀mbɔ́/ and Duong /dùóŋ/.
Prediction of psychosis: model development and internal validation of a personalized risk calculator
Authors: Lee Tae Young , Hwang Wu Jeong , Kim Nahrie S. , Park Inkyung , Lho Silvia Kyungjin , Moon Sun-Young , Oh Sanghoon , Lee Junhee , Kim Minah , Woo Choong-Wan , Kwon Jun Soo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundOver the past two decades, early detection and early intervention in psychosis have become essential goals of psychiatry. However, clinical impressions are insufficient for predicting psychosis outcomes in clinical high-risk (CHR) individuals; a more rigorous and objective model is needed. This study aims to develop and internally validate a model for predicting the transition to psychosis within 10 years.MethodsTwo hundred and eight help-seeking individuals who fulfilled the CHR criteria were enrolled from the prospective, naturalistic cohort program for CHR at the Seoul Youth Clinic (SYC). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-penalized Cox regression was used to develop a predictive model for a psychotic transition. We performedk-means clustering and survival analysis to stratify the risk of psychosis.ResultsThe predictive model, which includes clinical and cognitive variables, identified the following six baseline variables as important predictors: 1-year percentage decrease in the Global Assessment of Functioning score, IQ, California Verbal Learning Test score, Strange Stories test score, and scores in two domains of the Social Functioning Scale. The predictive model showed a cross-validated Harrell'sC-index of 0.78 and identified three subclusters with significantly different risk levels.ConclusionsOverall, our predictive model showed a predictive ability and could facilitate a personalized therapeutic approach to different risks in high-risk individuals.
An evaluation of the efficacy of two add-on ecological momentary intervention modules for depression in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial (ZELF-i)
Authors: Bastiaansen Jojanneke A. , Ornée Daan A. , Meurs Maaike , Oldehinkel Albertine J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundDepression treatment might be enhanced by ecological momentary interventions (EMI) based on self-monitoring and person-specific feedback. This study is the first to examine the efficacy of two different EMI modules for depression in routine clinical practice.MethodsOutpatients starting depression treatment at secondary mental health services (N = 161; MIDS−DEPRESSION = 35.9, s.d. = 10.7; MAGE = 32.8, s.d. = 12.1; 46% male) participated in a pragmatic randomized controlled trial with three arms. Two experimental groups engaged in 28 days of systematic self-monitoring (5 times per day), and received weekly feedback on either positive affect and activities (Do-module) or negative affect and thinking patterns (Think-module). The control group received no additional intervention. Participants completed questionnaires on depressive symptoms (primary outcome), social functioning, and empowerment before and after the intervention period, and at four measurements during a 6-month follow-up period.ResultsOf the 90 (out of 110) participants who completed the intervention, 86% would recommend it. However, the experimental groups did not show significantly more or faster changes over time than the control group in terms of depressive symptoms, social functioning, and empowerment. Furthermore, the trajectories of the two EMI modules were very similar.ConclusionsWe did not find statistical evidence that this type of EMI augments the efficacy of regular depression treatment, regardless of module content. We cannot rule out that EMIs have a positive impact on other domains or provide a more efficient way of delivering care. Nonetheless, EMI's promise of effectiveness has not materialized yet.
Identification of determinants of healthy ageing in Italy: results from the national survey IDAGIT
Authors: Guastafierro Erika , Rocco Ilaria , Quintas Rui , Corso Barbara , Minicuci Nadia , Vittadello Fabio , Andreotti Alessandra , Denitto Floriana , Crepaldi Valeria , Forgione Margherita , Leonardi Matilde , Sattin Davide 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHealthy ageing is a public health problem globally. In Europe, the dependency ratio of the elderly is expected to increase by 21.6 per cent to 51.2 per cent in 2070. The World Health Organization (WHO) study on healthy ageing started in 2002 as a concept whereby all people of all ages should be able to live in a healthy, safe and socially inclusive way. The aim of this study is to present preliminary results of the project Identification of Determinants of Healthy Ageing in Italy (IDAGIT) that aimed to collect data on the active and healthy ageing of the Italian population aged over 18 using the conceptual framework of the WHO's ageing model. To link the determinants of the IDAGIT studies to those of the WHO model, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis which reported these variables as significant (in order of factor loading): smoking, cognition score, comorbidity, outdoor built environment, participation, working expertise and income. Considering comorbidity, 83.8 per cent of the sample declared not having any chronic diseases or to have only one, and regarding neurological diseases, only nine people had received a diagnosis of stroke. Regarding gender, the personal determinants and physical and social environments did not result in statistically significant differences, whereas we found statistical differences between the aged groups in all variables analysed. These results provide a first bio-psycho-social perspective on ageing in the Italian population.
Legitimacy under institutional complexity: Mapping stakeholder perceptions of legitimate institutions and their sources of legitimacy in global renewable energy governance
Authors: Nasiritousi Naghmeh , Faber Hugo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe legitimacy of international institutions has in recent years received growing interest from scholars, yet analyses of stakeholder perceptions of the legitimacy of institutions that coexist within a governance field have been few in number. Motivated by the proliferation of institutions in the field of global climate and energy governance, this study maps stakeholder perceptions of legitimate institutions and their sources of legitimacy in global renewable energy governance. Specifically, the article makes three contributions to the existing literature. Theoretically, it unpacks the legitimacy concept and offers a multidimensional conception of legitimacy. Methodologically, it captures these different dimensions of legitimacy by relying on three open survey questions. Empirically, it maps legitimacy perceptions among climate and energy experts and not only shows which institutions are considered most legitimate, but also why they are considered legitimate and how this varies between different stakeholders. The article thereby contributes to the literature on legitimacy by providing new insights into the sources of legitimacy among international institutions that operate under institutional complexity.
Responses to Critics: What Makes Mysticism Critical? (Or, What Makes Critique Mystical?)
Authors: Palmquist Stephen R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAfter summarizing the content of my book, Kant and Mysticism (Palmquist 2019), I warn against four preliminary misconceptions. The book never argues that Kant viewed himself as a mystic, fully acknowledges Kant’s negative view of mysticism, offers no comprehensive overview of mystical traditions, and aims to initiate a dialogue, not to have the final word. I then respond to the foregoing essays by the five critics.
Collaboration of primary care and public health at the local level: observational descriptive study of French local health contracts
Authors: Kendir Candan , Breton Eric , Le Bodo Yann , Bourgueil Yann 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Aim:
In this paper, we report on a study investigating the involvement of primary care providers in French local health contracts.

Background:
Worldwide actions are carried out to improve collaboration between primary care and public health to strengthen primary healthcare and consequently community health. In France, the local health contract is an instrument mobilising local stakeholders from different sectors to join in their actions to improve the health of the population.

Methods:
We developed an instrument to analyse the frequency and nature of involvement of primary care providers in 428 action plans extracted from a sample of 17 contracts (one per French region). The number of primary care actions were counted, and thematic analyses were conducted to identify the nature and level of involvement of the professionals.

Findings:
Primary care providers were involved in 20.1% (n = 86) of the action plans and were mostly described as a target of the action rather than leaders or partners. Within those action plans, 76.7% (n = 66) of these action plans aimed to improve access to care for local communities; an issue that appears as the main driver of collaboration between public health and primary care actors.
Quantifying Climate Signals: Spicity, Orthogonality, and Distance
Authors: Huang Rui Xin , Yu Lu‐Sha , Zhou Sheng‐Qi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe variability of water masses has been analyzed using temperature and salinity or density and various forms of spicity/spiciness. The objective way of comparing these spicity/spiciness functions is not the difference between these definitions; instead, it is through the application of these functions in tracing water masses and climate signal analysis. The major advantage of the spicity function introduced by Huang et al. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, is that this function in combination with density gives rise to an orthogonal coordinate, in which the signals are separated into two independent components. In addition, a new quantity, distance, is introduced, that can be used to trace water masses both along and across isopycnal surfaces. Spicity can serve as an appropriate tool to extract globally varying water mass properties as a supplement to variations of density alone.
Improving the Physical Basis for Updraft Dynamics in Deep Convection Parameterizations
Authors: Peters J. M. , Morrison H. , Zhang G. J. , Powell S. W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article presents a new deep convective parameterization that determines cloud characteristics based on a specified cloud size distribution. The vertical profiles of cloud properties are determined by analytic equations, which formulate entrainment with an inverse relationship to cloud width. In line with recent studies of large eddy simulations (LES), cloud widths are assumed to be constant with height and vertical mass flux (M) characteristics of the clouds are therefore regulated by the vertical velocity profile. The parameterization is configured to work with existing cloud baseMclosure formulations, with the closure predicting the total cloud area rather than the cloud baseMdirectly. Analytic formula are also used to connect the vertical wind shear magnitude to the cloud size distribution, wherein larger shear magnitudes result in more numerous large updrafts than weaker shear magnitudes, which is in line with recent research results. The parameterization is compared against 10 deep convective LES with varying thermodynamic and vertical wind shear profiles. Results show dramatic improvements in the prediction of normalizedM, detrainment, and the properties of detrained air over the existing Zhang and McFarlane (1995) scheme. In particular, the new model is able to correctly portray the transition from a bottom‐heavyMprofile in weakly sheared environments, to a top‐heavyMprofile in strongly sheared environments.
Assessing the Projection Correction of Coronal Mass Ejection Speeds on Time‐of‐Arrival Prediction Performance Using the Effective Acceleration Model
Authors: Paouris Evangelos , Vourlidas Angelos , Papaioannou Athanasios , Anastasiadis Anastasios 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWhite light images of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are projections on the plane‐of‐sky (POS). As a result, CME kinematics are subject to projection effects. The error in the true (deprojected) speed of CMEs is one of the main causes of uncertainty to Space Weather forecasts, since all estimates of the CME time‐of‐arrival (ToA) at a certain location within the heliosphere require, as input, the CME speed. We use single viewpoint observations for 1,037 flare‐CME events between 1996 and 2017 and propose a new approach for the correction of the CME speed assuming radial propagation from the flare site. Our method is uniquely capable to produce physically reasonable deprojected speeds across the full range of source longitudes. We bound the uncertainty in the deprojected speed estimates via limits in the true angular width of a CME based on multiview‐point observations. Our corrections range up to 1.37–2.86 for CMEs originating from the center of the disk. On average, the deprojected speeds are 12.8% greater than their POS speeds. For slow CMEs (VPOS < 400 km/s) the full ice‐cream cone model performs better while for fast and very fast CMEs (VPOS > 700 km/s) the shallow ice‐cream model gives much better results. CMEs with 691–878 km/s POS speeds have a minimum ToA mean absolute error (MAE) of 11.6 h. This method, is robust, easy to use, and has immediate applicability to Space Weather forecasting applications. Moreover, regarding the speed of CMEs, our work suggests that single viewpoint observations are generally reliable.
An Interannual Probabilistic Assessment of Subsurface Water Storage Over Europe Using a Fully Coupled Terrestrial Model
Authors: Hartick Carl , Furusho‐Percot Carina , Goergen Klaus , Kollet Stefan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe years 2018 and 2019 were two of the hottest and driest in Mid‐Europe, highlighting the need for a comprehensive assessment of available water resources. In this study, we propose a probabilistic, terrestrial water assessment method, which utilizes a terrestrial forward model that closes the coupled water and energy cycles, from groundwater to the top of the atmosphere. In this methodology, the model is initialized with the current state of the water year and forced with a climatologic ensemble of atmospheric forcing to account for atmospheric uncertainty and natural variability. The simulations result in an ensemble of ensuing water years that are analyzed for subsurface water storage anomalies. The methodology was applied to the water years 2011/2012 and 2018/2019 and showed an increased probability of a significant water deficit in regions that had a water deficit in the previous year. This was also observed in an evaluation simulation. The results were compared to simulations with perfect forcing and uncertain initial conditions, and showed predictability at the interannual timescale and beyond, depending on the strength of the anomaly. The methodology was then applied to 2019/2020 to provide an outlook of the evolution of the current anomalies. The results emphasize the importance of accounting for groundwater dynamics in applied terrestrial models to account for long‐term memory effects in the terrestrial water cycle in forward simulations, over large spatial scales. This method of probabilistic subsurface water storage assessment may provide crucial information to public and industrial sectors for long‐term water resource planning.
LSD1: more than demethylation of histone lysine residues
Authors: Perillo Bruno , Tramontano Alfonso , Pezone Antonio , Migliaccio Antimo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLysine-specific histone demethylase 1 (LSD1) represents the first example of an identified nuclear protein with histone demethylase activity. In particular, it plays a special role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, as it removes methyl groups from mono- and dimethylated lysine 4 and/or lysine 9 on histone H3 (H3K4me1/2 and H3K9me1/2), behaving as a repressor or activator of gene expression, respectively. Moreover, it has been recently found to demethylate monomethylated and dimethylated lysine 20 in histone H4 and to contribute to the balance of several other methylated lysine residues in histone H3 (i.e., H3K27, H3K36, and H3K79). Furthermore, in recent years, a plethora of nonhistone proteins have been detected as targets of LSD1 activity, suggesting that this demethylase is a fundamental player in the regulation of multiple pathways triggered in several cellular processes, including cancer progression. In this review, we analyze the molecular mechanism by which LSD1 displays its dual effect on gene expression (related to the specific lysine target), placing final emphasis on the use of pharmacological inhibitors of its activity in future clinical studies to fight cancer.
Spermidine attenuates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis by inducing autophagy and inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-induced cell death in mice
Authors: Baek Ae Rin , Hong Jisu , Song Ki Sung , Jang An Soo , Kim Do Jin , Chin Su Sie , Park Sung Woo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSpermidine is an endogenous biological polyamine that plays various longevity-extending roles and exerts antioxidative, antiaging, and cell growth-promoting effects. We previously reported that spermidine levels were significantly reduced in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) of the lung. The present study assessed the potential beneficial effects of spermidine on lung fibrosis and investigated the possible mechanism. Lung fibrosis was established in mice using bleomycin (BLM), and exogenous spermidine was administered daily by intraperitoneal injection (50 mg/kg in phosphate-buffered saline). BLM-induced alveolar epithelial cells showed significant increases in apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related mediators, and spermidine attenuated BLM-induced apoptosis and activation of the ERS-related pathway. Senescence-associated β-gal staining and decreased expression of p16 and p21 showed that spermidine ameliorated BLM-induced premature cellular senescence. In addition, spermidine enhanced beclin-1-dependent autophagy and autophagy modulators in IPF fibroblasts and BLM-induced mouse lungs, in which inflammation and collagen deposition were significantly decreased. This beneficial effect was related to the antiapoptotic downregulation of the ERS pathway, antisenescence effects, and autophagy activation. Our findings suggest that spermidine could be a therapeutic agent for IPF treatment.
A randomized cross-over trial to define neurophysiological correlates of AV-101 N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor blockade in healthy veterans
Authors: Murphy Nicholas , Ramakrishnan Nithya , Vo-Le Bylinda , Vo-Le Brittany , Smith Mark A. , Iqbal Tabish , Swann Alan C. , Mathew Sanjay J. , Lijffijt Marijn 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe kynurenine pathway (KP) is a strategic metabolic system that combines regulation of neuronal excitability via glutamate receptor function and neuroinflammation via other KP metabolites. This pathway has great promise in treatment of depression and suicidality. The KP modulator AV-101 (4-chlorokynurenine, 4-Cl-KYN), an oral prodrug of 7-chlorokynurenic acid (7-Cl-KYNA), an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) glycine site antagonist, and of 4-chloro-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (4-Cl-3-HAA), a suppressor of NMDAR agonist quinolinic acid (QUIN), is a promising potential antidepressant that targets glutamate functioning via the KP. However, a recent placebo-controlled clinical trial of AV-101 in depression found negative results. This raises the question of whether AV-101 can penetrate the brain and engage the NMDAR and KP effectively. To address this problem, ten healthy US military veterans (mean age = 32.6 years ± 6.11; 1 female) completed a phase-1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to examine dose-related effects of AV-101 (720 and 1440 mg) on NMDAR engagement measured by γ-frequency band auditory steady-state response (40 Hz ASSR) and resting EEG. Linear mixed models revealed that 1440 mg AV-101, but not 720 mg, increased 40 Hz ASSR and 40 Hz ASSR γ-inter-trial phase coherence relative to placebo. AV-101 also increased 4-Cl-KYN, 7-Cl-KYNA, 4-Cl-3-HAA, 3-HAA, and KYNA in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting KYN and QUIN. AV-101 was safe and well tolerated. These results corroborate brain target engagement of 1440 mg AV-101 in humans, consistent with blockade of interneuronal NMDAR blockade. Future studies should test higher doses of AV-101 in depression. Suicidal behavior, which has been associated with high QUIN and low KYNA, is also a potential target for AV-101.
Regulation of melanoma malignancy by the RP11-705C15.3/miR-145-5p/NRAS/MAPK signaling axis
Authors: Chen Xiang-jun , Liu Sha , Han Dong-mei , Han De-zhi , Sun Wei-jing , Zhao Xiao-chun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMelanoma is a common lethal skin cancer. Dissecting molecular mechanisms driving the malignancy of melanoma may uncover potential therapeutic targets. We previously identified miR-145-5p as an important tumor-suppressive microRNA in melanoma. Here, we further investigated the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in melanoma. We identified RP11-705C15.3, a regulator of miR-145-5p, as an oncogenic lncRNA in melanoma. RP11-705C15.3 competitively bound miR-145-5p, relieved the repressive roles of miR-145-5p on its target NRAS, upregulated NRAS expression, and activated MAPK signaling. In vitro functional assays revealed that ectopic expression of RP11-705C15.3 promoted melanoma cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and promoted migration and invasion. Silencing of RP11-705C15.3 repressed melanoma cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and repressed migration and invasion. Notably, the roles of RP11-705C15.3 in melanoma cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion are reversed by miR-145-5p overexpression. In vivo functional assays revealed that RP11-705C15.3 promoted melanoma tumor growth and metastasis, which were also reversed by miR-145-5p overexpression. Furthermore, we investigated the expression of RP11-705C15.3 in clinical melanoma tissues and found that RP11-705C15.3 was increased in melanoma tissues. High expression of RP11-705C15.3 was positively correlated with thickness, ulceration, metastasis, and inferior overall survival. Taken together, our findings suggest RP11-705C15.3 as a novel oncogene in melanoma, and highlight that the RP11-705C15.3/miR-145-5p/NRAS/MAPK signaling axis may be potential therapeutic targets for melanoma.