bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Quasi-Experimental Study to Assess Hypnobirthing Educational Intervention on Labor Pain and Fear of Childbirth—The Case of Eskisehir/Turkey
Authors: Bülez Aysel , Soğukpınar Neriman , Sayıner Fatma Deniz 
Published: September 2020

PURPOSETo determine the effectiveness of antenatal period hypnobirthing education for childbirth fear and labor pain management during labor.STUDY DESIGNA quasi-experimental methodological study to assess the education of hypnobirthing. Women were recruited from Eskişehir State Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic in Turkey between 24 and 26 pregnancy weeks and July 1–September 1, 2016 and the hypnobirthing education was given 5 weeks in the antenatal period. Participants; 30 Turkish-speaking pregnant women. Following labor, questionnaires were completed in hospital by women in order to assess the mother and infant after birth and determine the effect of education first 24 hours after birth.FINDINGSIt was determined that hypnobirthing knowledge scores after education of the participating pregnancies decreased significantly, Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire-Version B (WDEQ-B) scale score decreased significantly (p = 0.002). Participating laborers; (p = 0.448), but there was also no significant relationship between birth satisfaction scores (p = 0.540) and posttraining hypnobirthing information status scores and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores.MAIN CONCLUSIONHypnobirthing training has an effect on fear of childbirth but has no effect on birth satisfaction and labor pain.
Organic Acids for Stimulation Purposes: A Review
Authors: Alhamad Luai , Alrashed Ahmed , Al Munif Eiman , Miskimins Jennifer 
Published: September 2020

SummaryHydrochloric acid (HCl) is the acid of choice for acidizing operations in most carbonate formations, and is the base acid that is commonly paired with hydrofluoric acid (HF) in most sandstone applications. However, high dissolving power, high corrosion rate, lack of penetration, and sludging tendency coupled with high temperature (HT) can make HCl a poor choice. Alternatively, weaker and less-corrosive chemicals, such as organic acids, can be used instead of HCl to avoid these issues. The objective of this paper is to provide an intensive review on recent advancements, technology, and problems associated with organic acids. The paper focuses on formic, acetic, citric, and lactic acids.This review includes various laboratory evaluation tests and field cases that outline the use of organic acids for formation-damage removal and dissolution. Rotating-disk-apparatus (RDA) results were reviewed to determine the kinetics for acid dissolution of different minerals. Additional results were collected from solubility, corrosion, coreflooding, inductively coupled plasma, X-ray diffraction, and scanning-electron-microscope (SEM) diffraction tests.Because of their retardation performance, organic acids have been used along with mineral acids, mainly a formic/HCl mixture, or as a standalone solution for HT applications. However, the main drawback of these acids is the solubility of reaction-product salts. This challenge has been a limiting factor of using citric acid with calcium-rich formations because of the low solubility of calcium citrate. However, the solubility of the salts associated with formic, acetic, and lactic acid can be increased when these acids are mixed with gluconic acid because of the ability of gluconate ion to chelate calcium-based precipitation. In terms of formation-failure response, organic acids are in lower risk of causing a failure compared with HCl, specifically at deep formation treatments. Organic acids have also been used in other applications. For instance, formic acid is used in HT operations as an intensifier to reduce the corrosion rate caused by HCl. Formic, acetic, and lactic acids can be used to dissolve drilling-mud filter cakes. Citric acid is commonly used as an iron-sequestering agent.This paper shows organic acid advances, limitations, and applications in oil and gas operations, specifically in acidizing jobs. The paper differentiates and closes the gap between various organic acid applications along with providing researchers an intensive guide for present and future research.
Generation of functional heart organoids from mouse embryonic stem cells.
Authors: Lee Jiyoung , Ishino Fumitoshi , Sutani Akito , Kaneko Rin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
For the understanding of the spatiotemporal regulation of cardiogenesis, it is important to generate in vitro model of hearts. This protocol introduces how to generate heart organoids from mouse embryonic stem cell-derived embryoid bodies (EB) in the presence of the laminin-entactin (LN/ET) complex and fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) by three consecutive steps, 1) the culture of ESCs, 2) in vitro differentiation of ESCs into EBs and 3) in vitro culture of EBs for the generation of heart organoids. The generated heart organoids possess structural and functional capacity similar to atrial and ventricular parts of in vivo embryonic heart. This simplified protocol also provides a promising research tool with a broad range of applications, including drug testing.
Homocysteine during the third trimester is a risk factor for preeclampsia: A prospective study
Authors: Chen Sha , Shen Hong , Zhao Xueya , Luo Jun , Cheng Weiwei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for elevating homocysteine during pregnancy and the relative effects on preeclampsia, so as to further understand whether Hcy had predictive value for PE.Method: This is a prospective study that only covers pregnant women with singleton who received regular prenatal care from July to September 2018 exclusively at IPMCH (N=1142). Homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin B12 were tested in the 1st trimester (10-14 weeks), 2nd trimester (24-28 weeks), and 3rd trimester (30-34 weeks), respectively, and MTHFR genes (rs1801133, rs1801131, rs17367504) were detected. Therefore, the analysis of this case includes the variation in Hcy levels during pregnancy, risk factors for elevating homocysteine and the risk factors on preeclampsia.Results: (1) Homocysteine was lowest in the 1st trimester. (2) Homocysteine was negatively correlated with folic acid (r=-0.17, p<0.001) and vitamin B12 (r=-0.15, p<0.001) in the same trimester. (3) Both of heterozygous CT (p=0.025, 95% CI 0.018, 0.275) and homozygous TT (p<0.001, 95% CI 0.185, 0.501) in MTHFR rs1801133 might be risk factors that caused an increase in Hcy. G-spot mutations in MTHFR rs17367504 might be a risk factor that caused a decline in homocysteine. (4) Homocysteine in the 3rd trimester might be significantly correlated with increasing risk of preeclampsia (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.01,1.42), particularly early-onset preeclampsia (OR = 3.63, 95% CI 1.71,7.71) and severe preeclampsia (OR = 3.63, 95% CI 1.71,7.71).Conclusions: The variation in homocysteine level in the third trimester might be associated with preeclampsia, especially early-onset preeclampsia and severe preeclampsia, and MTHFR, folic acid and vitamin B12 might be the three critical factors responsible for the changing homocysteine levels during pregnancy.
Degenerative knee osteoarthritis animal model and changes in intraosseous pressure during pathological processes
Authors: Wang Shuo , Du Yu-ren , Ma Jian-xiong , Xue Yuan , Liu Wei , Huang Hong-chao , Zhang Lei , Ma Xin-long 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Degenerative knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common clinical disease which affecting patients' quality of life. However, there is currently no standard animal model for KOA research. The purpose of this study was to find a reasonable age range of animal model for the studying of KOA pathological process, and to investigate Intraosseous pressure (IOP) in the process during different degeneration stages of KOA.

Methods

Male Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs were selected and divided into groups of 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 months old by age, 10 in each group. All knees underwent imaging examination including X-ray, Micro CT and MRI. Observed the imaging findings with the use of Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) classification and knee osteoarthritis MRI scores. Measured the IOP of distal femur and proximal tibia in each group, and observed the differences of bilateral tibiofemoral articular cartilage in histological and immunohistochemistry, staining results were evaluated by using Mankin’s score. Using one-way ANOVA and T-test were used to compare the differences indicators between groups.

Results

With the increase of age, changes in X-ray, Micro-CT and MRI imaging findings and pathological staining results of articular cartilage in all stages were consistent with the changing of degenerative KOA process. The IOP of distal femur and proximal tibia increased gradually with age, and reached its peak in 12-month age group, and then gradually decreased, there was a statistically significant difference of IOP between each group (femur side: F=8.261, P=0.000; tibial side: F=8.469, P=0.000). The IOP of the distal femur was slightly higher than that of proximal tibia, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).

Conclusions

Dunkin-Hartley guinea pig can be used as an animal model to study different pathological stages of KOA. And there might be a correlation between the changes of IOP and the pathological progress of articular cartilage and subchondral bone in distal femur and proximal tibia.
Detection of a novel PAX6 mutation in a Chinese family with multiple ocular abnormalities
Authors: Ouyang Junyi , Cai Ziyan , Guo Yinjie , Nie Fen , Cao Mengdan , Duan Xuanchu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Aniridia is a congenital,panocular disease affecting the cornea,anterior chamber angle,iris,lens,retina and optic nerve.PAX6 loss-of-function mutations were the most common cause of aniridia.Mutations throughout the PAX6 gene have been linked to a range of ophthalmic abnormalities,with distinct mutations at a given site within this gene leading to distinct phenotypic findings.This study aimed to characterize genetic mutations associated with congenital aniridia in a Chinese family.Methods:The proband and the proband’s brother of this family underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations as well as exome sequencing,with Next Generation Sequencing being used to confirm these results.Results: A novel mutation(c.114_119delinsAATTTCC:p.Pro39fs)in the PAX6 gene was identified in subjects III-2 and III-3 in these family,and both of these subjects exhibited completeaniridia,cataracts,glaucoma,high myopia,and foveal hypoplasia.Conclusions: We identified a novel PAX6 frameshift heterozygous deletion mutation in a Chinese family and determined that this mutation was a probable cause of various eye abnormalities in carriers.
An open label study of the safety and efficacy of a single dose of weekly chloroquine and azithromycin administered for malaria prophylaxis in healthy adults challenged with 7G8 chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in a controlled human malaria infection model
Authors: Livezey Jeffrey , Twomey Patrick , Morrison Meshell , Cicatelli Susan , Duncan Elizabeth H , Hamer Melinda , Lee Christine , Hutter Jack , Mills Kristen , DeLuca Jesse , Poon Lucas , Selig Daniel , Vuong Chau , Sousa Jason , Oliver Thomas , Bennett Jason , Moon James E , Sikaffy April , Sedegah Martha , Tosh Donna ,   Mara Kreishman-Deitrick2, Waterman Paige 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

BackgroundMalaria remains the top infectious disease threat facing the U.S. military in many forward operating environments. Compliance with malaria chemoprophylaxis remains a critical component in preventing malaria in the deployed Service Member. Studies of previous military operations show that compliance is consistently higher with weekly versus daily dosing regimens. Current FDA approved weekly chemoprophylaxis options have contraindications that can limit prescribing. The combination of chloroquine (CQ) with azithromycin (AZ) has previously been shown to be an efficacious treatment option for malaria, has pharmacokinetics compatible with weekly dosing, and has shown synergy when combined in vitro. MethodsIn this open label study 18 healthy volunteers, aged 18-50 years (inclusive), were randomly assigned to receive either 300 mg CQ or 300 mg CQ and 2 gm azithromycin (CQAZ) of directly observed therapy, weekly for 3 weeks prior to undergoing mosquito bite challenge with chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Volunteers that remained asymptomatic and had no evidence of parasitaemia continued to receive weekly post-exposure chemoprophylaxis for 3 weeks following malaria challenge. The primary endpoint was the number of volunteers that remained asymptomatic and had no evidence of parasitaemia 28 days after the malaria challenge.ResultsAll 6 (100%) volunteers randomized to the CQ control group became symptomatic with parasitaemia during the 28-day post-challenge period. Only 1/12 (8.3%) of volunteers in the CQAZ group developed symptoms and parasitaemia during the 28-day post-challenge period. However, after chemoprophylaxis was discontinued an additional 6 volunteers developed parasitaemia between days 28-41 after challenge, with 4 of 6 experiencing symptoms. 80% of subjects in the CQAZ group experienced treatment related gastrointestinal adverse events (including 13 % that experienced severe nausea) compared to 38% in the CQ group. A comparison of the pharmacokinetics in the CQAZ group demonstrated higher azithromycin Cmax (p0.03) and AUC (p0.044) levels in those volunteers who never became parasitaemic compared to those who did. ConclusionGiven the high rate of side effects and poor efficacy when administered for 3 weeks before and after challenge, the combination of weekly chloroquine and azithromycin is a suboptimal regimen combination for weekly malaria chemoprophylaxis.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03278808
Evaluation of Dorema Ammoniacum and Acupuncture's Therapeutic Effects in Patients With Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial&nbsp;
Authors: Mehrpour Mahsa , Yousefi Mahdi , AfzalAghaee Monavar , Rakhshandeh Hasan , Azizi Hoda , Hadianfar Ali , Mehrpour Omid , Ghandehari Kavian , Bahrami-Taghanaki Hamidreza 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Aim: Stroke is the third prevalent cause of disability worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the role of Dorema ammoniacum and acupuncture in the management of patients with stroke.Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, patients with a recent ischemic stroke (within the first month of stroke) were investigated. The patients were divided into three groups. The first group was managed by acupuncture, while the second group received 1 g of Dorema ammoniacum (two 500 mg capsules per day) from ammoniacum gum. The two intervention groups also received standard treatment with routine medical therapy and physiotherapy. The final group was the control, which only received conventional treatment and physiotherapy. The patients were evaluated immediately before the interventions, and one month after the interventions, using the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (mNIHSS).Results: There was a significant difference in the mean score of mNIHSS at the beginning and end of the study in all of the three studied groups (P<0.001). There were significant pre-treatment/post-treatment differences between the groups (P<0.001). After controlling for the effect of mNIHSS score at the beginning of the study and the follow-up visit, a significant difference was observed between the three groups regarding the mean mNIHSS score post-intervention (P<0.001). The results of the post-hoc test indicated a significant difference between the acupuncture and control groups, Dorema ammoniacum and control groups (P<0.001), acupuncture, and Dorema ammoniacum groups (P<0.001); the extent of reduction was greater in the acupuncture group. The mean mNIHSS scores of the acupuncture and Dorema ammoniacum groups were 1.82 and 1.04 lower than the control group's mean score, respectively. There was a significant difference in the mean mRS score at the beginning and end of the study in all three groups (P<0.001). However, the extent of reduction was greater in the acupuncture group.Conclusion: Acupuncture and Dorema ammoniacum may be beneficial if started within the first month of stroke incidence. However, acupuncture can cause a greater reduction in the mNIHSS score of stroke patients. Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20170227032797N2).Registered 5 March 2018 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.irct.ir/trial/25469
Effect of virtual reality on cognitive impairment and clinical symptoms among patients with schizophrenia in the remission stage ： a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Shangda , Sun Bin , Wei Ning , Shen Zhe , Jin Kangyu , Zhao Haoyang , Chen Yaping , Huang manli , Xu Yi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: This is an intervention study which explores the effect of using virtual reality supermarket training system (VRSTS) to improve cognitive function deficiency and clinical symptoms in Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia in the remission stage. Methods: 68 patients with schizophrenia in the remission stage were recruited for the interventional study and were randomly allocated to either virtual reality training (VRT) group or treatment-as-usual (TAU) group. For VRT group, patients received training with VRSTS for two weeks and antipsychotic treatment as usual while TAU group only received antipsychotic treatment as usual. Cognitive function and clinical symptoms before and after intervention were assessed by MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). Results: Results showed (1) VRSTS could improve MCCB composite scores and 4 out of 7 cognitive domains: speed of processing, working memory, visual learning, reasoning and problem solving, and (2) VRSTS could alleviate general psychopathology symptoms of PANSS but did not exert effects on positive and negative symptoms among patients with schizophrenia in the remission stage Conclusion: A therapeutic effect of VRSTS was observed in patients with schizophrenia in the remission stage. It may improve cognitive impairment and general psychopathology symptoms.
Post-stroke Depression in the Very Elderly Rate and Predictive Factors
Authors: Smadja Elias , Chausson Nicolas , Aghasaryan Manvel , Lainé Olga , Saddedine Sofiane , Smadja Léonard , Smadja Didier 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Post-stroke depression (PSD) affects 25–32% stroke survivors. PSD is quality-of-life altering and negatively impacts stroke recovery and mortality. Stroke incidence increases exponentially with age, especially >65 years, but no studies have yet specifically evaluated PSD in older stroke survivors. Because the very elderly are more prone to developing depression, we hypothesized a relatively high PSD rate for them. Methods: Consecutive stroke patients ≥75 years old, admitted to an acute stroke unit, were screened for depression with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale or Aphasic Depression Rating Scale for aphasic patients, ≥15 days to 1-year post-stroke. Potential factors predictive of PSD were assessed. Results: Among 441 consecutive stroke patients, only 78 (17%) patients were evaluated because of high mortality and exclusion criteria. Among them, 44.8% (35/78) developed PSD: 22/78 (28.2%) mild and 11/78 (14.1%) moderate. Multivariate analysis retained only ≥1 mRS-point gain as being independently associated with PSD (OR, 6.2 (95% CI, 1.3–29.2), P=0.020). Conclusion: Our results confirmed the expected high PSD rate in patients ≥75 years, and suggest that PSD should be sought systematically or prophylactic antidepressants prescribed >15 days post-stroke for patients with ≥1 mRS-point gain.
Implementation of a Telemental Health Training Program Across a Mental Health Department
Authors: Felker Bradford L , McGinn Meghan M , Shearer Erika M , Raza Gina T , Gold Sari D , Kim Jean , Rojas Sasha M , Varkovitzky Ruth L , Morrison Kate L , McCann Russell A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Telemental Health (TMH) is an effective way to increase access to mental health services. For this reason, many health care systems strive to make TMH a part of routine mental health services. TMH use has increased substantially in recent years; however, health care systems have found it challenging to implement TMH ubiquitously. Minimal literature addresses system wide TMH implementation efforts. Because previous local training efforts failed in leading to meaningful uptake in TMH use, a quality improvement project guided by implementation science methodology was used to design and implement an innovative TMH training program across a large service line. Methods PARiHS criteria (i.e., Evidence, Context, Facilitation) was used as a framework to design, communicate, and implement a TMH training program aimed at providing task-specific training and culture change. The Evidence included incorporating established telehealth literature on TMH acceptance and efficacy. The Context included leadership support to prioritize training sites. RE-AIM guided the evaluation outcome measures used. The Facilitation was guided by Implementation/Facilitation techniques. A total of 100 interdisciplinary mental health providers from outpatient mental health clinics participated in this training over the course of two years. Results Overall, providers reported satisfaction with the training program, and found that it increased their TMH knowledge and competence. The number of providers using TMH and patients who received it nearly doubled in the two years after the launch of the TMH training compared to the two years preceding. Conclusions Implementation science methodology was important in creating an organizational framework to design, evaluate, and facilitate implementation of an innovative TMH training program. The program was well-received by staff and increased the number of providers and patients using TMH. Since this project was completed, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the demand for telehealth services. This training model offers specific strategies based upon implementation science that could be disseminated to and adopted by mental health programs looking to implement system wide TMH use.