bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of organisational culture, organisational structure and technological infrastructure on process improvement through knowledge sharing
Authors: Chión Sergio J. , Charles Vincent , Morales José 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediator role that knowledge sharing plays between organisational culture, organisational structure, and technology infrastructure and process improvement in a knowledge management context in manufacturing enterprises operating in the food, beverage and textile industry.Design/methodology/approachAn empirical study is conducted with a sample of 200 food, beverage and textile companies. Data are obtained by means of a survey questionnaire applied to general managers in each of the sample firms. The impact of the factors organisational culture, organisational structure and technology infrastructure on process improvement via knowledge sharing is assessed. Structural equation modelling and maximum likelihood estimation are applied to find the direction and strength of the relationships.FindingsThe main findings indicate the significant relationships between knowledge sharing and process improvement, between organisational culture and knowledge sharing, and between organisational structure and knowledge sharing. The relationship between technology infrastructure and knowledge sharing is found not to be significant.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of the present study are limited to the food, beverage and textile industry. Future research could incorporate data from other manufacturing sectors or service companies.Practical implicationsThis study provides practical guidance for general managers who wish to implement process improvement programmes.Originality/valueSeveral authors have noted that there are few research studies concerning the interaction between each phase of knowledge management and total quality management practices. This study is interested in knowledge sharing and its impact on process improvement in a knowledge management context.
A new discrete method for solution to consolidation problem of ground with vertical drains subjected to surcharge and vacuum loadings
Authors: Nghia-Nguyen Trong , Shukla Sanjay Kumar , Nguyen Dang Dinh Chung , Lam Le Gia , H-Dang Phuoc , Nguyen Phu-Cuong 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to present a new discrete method to predict average excess pore pressure and degree of consolidation for soft ground using prefabricated vertical drains under time-dependent surcharge and/or vacuum loading and multi-soil layers.

Design/methodology/approach
The drain is discretized into a number of mesh points at which the average excess pore pressure is estimated. The conventional Laplace technique is used to solve the analytical equations. The proposed method is validated with previous findings reported in the literature. Moreover, field measurements are used to verify the accuracy of the proposed method with a case history of ground improvement by prefabricated vertical drains using the vacuum consolidation technique.

Findings
In comparison to past studies, this new discrete method is simpler to be implemented in a spreadsheet calculation to achieve a rational solution with less computational time for similar consolidation problems. Moreover, the current approach also incorporates a solution for multi-soil layers, which can hardly be derived by analytical solutions.

Originality/value
According to authors’ knowledge, this is the first-time discrete method by Laplace transform technique is applied for the vertical drain.
Three dimensional numerical simulation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
Authors: Peng Yeping , Bahrami Ghasem , Khodadadi Hossein , Karimi Alireza , Soleimani Ahmad , Karimipour Arash , Rostami Sara 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study is simulation of of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells are promising power sources for use in power plants and vehicles. These fuel cells provide a high level of energy efficiency at low temperature without any pollution. The convection inside the cell plays a key role in the electrochemical reactions and the performance of the cell. Accordingly, the transport processes in these cells have been investigated thoroughly in previous studies that also carried out functional modeling.

Design/methodology/approach
A multi-phase model was used to study the limitations of the reactions and their impact on the performance of the cell. The governing equations (conservation of mass, momentum and particle transport) were solved by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) (ANSYS fluent) using appropriate source terms. The two-phase flow in the fuel cell was simulated three-dimensionally under steady-state conditions. The flow of water inside the cell was also simulated at high-current density.

Findings
The simulation results suggested that the porosity of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) is one of the most important design parameters with a significant impact on the current density limitation and, consequently, on the cell performance.

Originality/value
This study was mainly focused on the two-phase analysis of the steady flow in the fuel cell and on investigating the impacts of a two-phase flow on the performance of the cell and also on the flow in the GDL, the membrane and the catalyst layer using the CFD.
An integrated fuzzy-AHP and TOPSIS approach for maintenance policy selection
Authors: Hemmati Narges , Rahiminezhad Galankashi Masoud , Imani D.M. , Mokhatab Rafiei Farimah 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to select the best maintenance policy for different types of equipment of a manufacturer integrating the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) models.Design/methodology/approachThe decision hierarchy of this research includes three levels. The first level aims to choose the best maintenance policy for different types of equipment of an acid manufacturer. These equipment pieces include molten sulfur ponds, boiler, absorption tower, cooling towers, converter, heat exchanger and sulfur fuel furnace. The second level includes decision criteria of added-value, risk level and the cost. Lastly, the third level comprises time-based maintenance (TBM), corrective maintenance (CM), shutdown maintenance and condition-based maintenance (CBM) as four maintenance policies.FindingsThe best maintenance policy for different types of equipment of a manufacturer is the main finding of this research. Based on the obtained results, CBM policy is suggested for absorption tower, boiler, cooling tower and molten sulfur ponds, TBM policy is suggested for converters and heat exchanger and CM policy is suggested for a sulfur fuel furnace.Originality/valueThis research develops a novel model by integrating FAHP and an interval TOPSIS with concurrent consideration of added-value, risk level and cost to select the best maintenance policy. According to the highlights of the previous studies conducted on maintenance policy selection and related tools and techniques, an operative integrated approach to combine risk, added-value and cost with integrated fuzzy models is not developed yet. The majority of the previous studies have considered classic fuzzy approaches such as FAHP, FANP, Fuzzy TOPSIS, etc., which are not completely capable to reflect the decision makers’ viewpoints.
Balanced centricity and triads: strategies to reach ecosystem equilibrium in the arts sector
Authors: Quero Gervilla María José , Díaz-Mendez Montserrat , Gummesson Evert 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze whether triad structures, as the smallest unit of a network, can facilitate or inhibit the evolution into a service ecosystem. According to SD logic literature, the triad structure and the institutions that dominate the triads determine the evolution into ecosystem, remain as triad or die. “Balanced centricity” is considered a desirable institution that increases the possibility of transforming triads into ecosystems through marketing equilibrium.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors apply a conceptual approach to develop a framework for deepening understanding about triads’ structures from the institution’s perspective (balanced centricity). Qualitative case study research was conducted using different methods of data generation including personal interviews and netnography analysis in the arts sector. Three case studies were developed, one for each triad structure: Sothebýs, Patreon and Vibuk.

Findings
New business models start being a triad, and it is a strategic option to evolve into an ecosystem. In this sense, authors argue for considering balanced centricity as an institution that enables the ecosystems to arise. From this perspective, balanced centricity can be considered a strategy that helps to balance and reach positive relationships among actors, enabling the process to become a “balance triad structure”.

Research limitations/implications
The paper is a conceptual work that combines with an empirical approach. The empirical approach considers three success cases on the arts context. Considering other contexts as different from arts industry would be useful to add new perspectives to the theory development.

Originality/value
The present paper defines a new form of triad “balanced triad structure” (BTS) and identifies categories depending on the way balanced centricity institution is adopted, facilitating or inhibiting the future evolution into an ecosystem. Hitherto, previous papers have not put together these concepts that build on the triads and ecosystems theory to better understand triads management and facilitate the evolution of three-actor networks into ecosystems.
No longer a family
Authors: Plakhotnik Maria S. , Volkova Natalia V. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of a perceived organizational culture on organizational identification and commitment of employees of a Russian university that is transforming to become an English-medium instruction (EMI) university.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected between February and March 2018, via an online survey that was disseminated among 115 new employees; 90 were completed and used for analyses. The survey included three scales.

Findings
Employees of the EMI university perceived its culture as market, which is not a common characteristic of universities that usually have a clan culture. The study has also demonstrated a discrepancy between the perceived (market) and the preferred (clan) organizational culture. The study has also showed that a clan, and not a market, culture strengthens employee organizational commitment and identification.

Originality/value
Most research has examined EMI universities from the perspectives of teaching and learning. This study contributes to the limited conceptual and theoretical base around these universities by examining their processes from a perspective of management. This paper suggests that the adoption of English as a medium of instruction requires organizational change that leads to change in organizational culture.
Understanding organizational aspects for managing crisis situations
Authors: Gabrielli Giorgio , Russo Vincenzo , Ciceri Andrea 
Published: December 2019

PurposeThe uncertainty of the current economic environment increases the risk of organizational failure. The traditional approach intends the crisis as a phenomenon that can be managed according to some predetermined and well-defined procedures. Although this traditional approach emphasizes on the technical dimension, it does not take into account the organizational dimension, which instead plays a crucial role in the circumstances of today’s crisis. The purpose of this paper is to investigate which are the most effective organizational practices able to promote an adequate culture prevent or manage effectively crisis situations.Design/methodology/approachA group of Italian military and civil opinion leaders took part in the study. Authors hypothesized that the military organizations, being defined as “High Reliability Organization,” have organizational characteristics that allow them to manage crisis situations more effectively, and, for this reason, they can be taken as a reference by civil organizations.FindingsThe results show noticeable differences about organizational attributes concerning the two organizations. According to the results, military organization has the most appropriate organizational dimensions to prevent and manage the crisis situations.Practical implicationsBased on the results, military organization is suggested to be taken as an example by civil organizations in the process of organizational change necessary to obtain reliable performance.Originality/valueThe originality of this paper lies in the empirical and theoretical framework provided to analyze risk and crisis management, based on the comparison between military and civil organizations. The paper aims to be a starting point from which a positive process of cultural osmosis between the two organizations can be promoted.
Impact of a leadership development programme for physicians in India
Authors: Gulati Kamal , Singh Angel Rajan , Kumar Sachin , Verma Vivek , Gupta Shakti Kumar , Sarkar Chitra 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of leadership development programme on enhancing leadership competencies of physicians in India. Assessment of leadership competencies of physicians is critical for designing suitable leadership development programmes. The previous studies of authors have revealed significant gaps in leadership competencies among physicians in India. Hence, authors have designed a programme incorporating various facets of health-care leadership and evaluated its impact on improvement of leadership competencies of top- and mid-career level professionals.

Design/methodology/approach
A six-day offsite residential programme incorporating a three-day component of leadership development was organized, in which 96 physicians participated. A mix of pedagogical approaches was used. A pre- and post-assessment of 30 medical leadership competencies was done using a self-administered questionnaire.

Findings
Majority of participants (69%) scored their competencies at Level 3 and Level 4 (Average to Good) with a mean score ranging from 3.20 ± 0.85 to 4.12 ± 0.71 in the pre-assessment group. In contrast, in post-assessment, this shifted to Level 4 and Level 5 (Good to Very good) in 72% with mean scores ranging from 3.8 to 4.24. Statistically significant differentiation was noted in pre- and post-assessment mean scores for all 30 competencies. The maximum improvement was noted in Competency 29 “Information management system planning and implementation”, whereas the least improvement was noted in Competency 12 “Holding self and others accountable and responsible for organizational goal attainment”.

Originality/value
The authors believe that this is the first study from India to assess effectiveness of leadership development programmes on enhancing medical leadership competencies demonstrating positive outcome. The findings of this study can provide a roadmap for designing of future medical leadership development programmes for physicians in India.
Should leading emerging market companies chase globalization?
Authors: Chakravarthy Bala , Abraham P.C. , Sorell Michael 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
This research study compares the financial success of emerging market companies that have globalized with similar sized EMNC companies that have stayed home.

Design/methodology/approach
One target cohort for this study was the short list of emerging market multinationals (EMNCs) that the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) published yearly from 2006 to 2016. 212 EMNCs were divided into three types: 10;1. Global Leaders – 19 from this list 10;2. Persistent Challengers – 78 companies on the BCG list. 10;3. Challengers – 115 companies were on BCG’s lists in various years. 10; Their financial results were compared with a group of 26 “Local Leaders,” emerging market companies that had revenues of over $10 billion but had not appeared even once on BCG’s list of global challengers. 10;

Findings
Local Leaders show superior financial performance when compared to Global Leaders.

Practical implications
Opportunistic moves to globalize without a sound underlying strategy have backfired on many emerging market companies, resulting in lagging financial performance and sometimes huge write-downs.

Originality/value
A carefully done study that indicates that globalization is not the magic bullet that improves the financial performance of an emerging market company.
Long‐term safety and efficacy of delgocitinib ointment, a topical Janus kinase inhibitor, in adult patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Nakagawa Hidemi , Nemoto Osamu , Igarashi Atsuyuki , Saeki Hidehisa , Murata Ryusei , Kaino Hironobu , Nagata Takeshi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPrevious studies demonstrated that delgocitinib ointment, a novel topical Janus kinase inhibitor, rapidly improved clinical signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Japanese adult patients. We sought to evaluate the long‐term safety and efficacy of delgocitinib 0.5% ointment in a 52‐week study (QBA4‐2). Japanese patients aged 16 years or older with AD received delgocitinib 0.5% ointment b.i.d. for up to 52 weeks. Topical corticosteroids for the treatment of worsening of AD could be used at the investigators’ discretion during the treatment period. Safety end‐points included the incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs). Pooled safety analyses included the data from the other long‐term study (QBA4‐1). Efficacy end‐points included the percentage change from baseline in the modified Eczema Area and Severity Index (mEASI). A total of 506 patients were included in the pooled safety population. Overall, AEs were reported in 69.0% of patients; most AEs were mild and unrelated to delgocitinib ointment. The most common AE was nasopharyngitis, followed by contact dermatitis, acne, and application site folliculitis. No skin atrophy or telangiectasia was found at the application sites of delgocitinib ointment. Application site irritation symptoms were infrequent (<2%) and mild. The incidence of AEs did not increase over time, except for seasonal diseases. The improvement effects on AD as assessed by mEASI were maintained throughout the treatment period. Delgocitinib 0.5% ointment was well tolerated and effective when administrated to Japanese adult patients with AD for up to 52 weeks.
Heat tolerance is more variable than cold tolerance across species of Iberian lizards after controlling for intraspecific variation
Authors: Herrando‐Pérez Salvador , Monasterio Camila , Beukema Wouter , Gomes Verónica , Ferri‐Yáñez Francisco , Vieites David R. , Buckley Lauren B. , Araújo Miguel B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe widespread observation that heat tolerance is less variable than cold tolerance (‘cold‐tolerance asymmetry’) leads to the prediction that species exposed to temperatures near their thermal maxima should have reduced evolutionary potential for adapting to climate warming. However, the prediction is largely supported by species‐level global studies based on single estimates of both physiological metrics per taxon.We ask whether cold‐tolerance asymmetry holds for Iberian lizards after accounting for intraspecific variation in critical thermal maxima (CTmax) and minima (CTmin). To do so, we quantified CTmaxand CTminfor 58 populations of 15 Iberian lizard species (299 individuals). Then, we randomly selected one population from each study species (population sample = 15 CTmaxand CTminvalues), tested for differences between the variance of both thermal metrics across species, and repeated the test for thousands of population samples as if we had undertaken the same study thousands of times, each time sampling one different population per species (as implemented in global studies).The ratio of variances in CTmaxto CTminacross species varied up to 16‐fold depending on the populations chosen. Variance ratios show how much CTmaxdeparts from the cross‐species mean compared to CTmin, with a unitary ratio indicating equal variance of both thermal limits. Sampling one population per species was six times more likely to result in the observation of greater CTmaxvariance (‘heat‐tolerance asymmetry’) than cold‐tolerance asymmetry. The probability of obtaining the data (given the null hypothesis of equal variance being true) was twice as likely for cases of cold‐tolerance asymmetry than for the opposite scenario.Range‐wide, population‐level studies that quantify heat and cold tolerance of individual species are urgently needed to ascertain the global prevalence of cold‐tolerance asymmetry. While broad latitudinal clines of cold tolerance have been strongly supported, heat tolerance might respond to smaller‐scale climatic and habitat factors hence go unnoticed in global studies. Studies investigating physiological responses to climate change should incorporate the extent to which thermal traits are characteristic of individuals, populations and/or species.A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Marine omega‐3 (n‐3) phospholipids: A comprehensive review of their properties, sources, bioavailability, and relation to brain health
Authors: Ahmmed Mirja Kaizer , Ahmmed Fatema , Tian Hong (Sabrina) , Carne Alan , Bekhit Alaa El‐Din 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFor several decades, there has been considerable interest in marine‐derived long chain n‐3 fatty acids (n‐3 LCPUFAs) due to their outstanding health benefits. n‐3 LCPUFAs can be found in nature either in triglycerides (TAGs) or in phospholipid (PL) form. From brain health point of view, PL n‐3 is more bioavailable and potent compared to n‐3 in TAG form, as only PL n‐3 is able to cross the blood–brain barrier and can be involved in brain biochemical reactions. However, PL n‐3 has been ignored in the fish oil industry and frequently removed as an impurity during degumming processes. As a result, PL products derived from marine sources are very limited compared to TAG products. Commercially, PLs are being used in pharmaceutical industries as drug carriers, in food manufacturing as emulsifiers and in cosmetic industries as skin care agents, but most of the PLs used in these applications are produced from vegetable sources that contain less (without EPA, DPA, and DHA) or sometimes no n‐3 LCPUFAs. This review provides a comprehensive account of the properties, structures, and major sources of marine PLs, and provides focussed discussion of their relationship to brain health. Epidemiological, laboratory, and clinical studies on n‐3 LCPUFAs enriched PLs using different model systems in relation to brain and mental health that have been published over the past few years are discussed in detail.