bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of dysplasia in bone marrow smear with convolutional neural network
Authors: Mori Jinichi , Kaji Shizuo , Kawai Hiroki , Kida Satoshi , Tsubokura Masaharu , Fukatsu Masahiko , Harada Kayo , Noji Hideyoshi , Ikezoe Takayuki , Maeda Tomoya , Matsuda Akira 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, we developed the world's first artificial intelligence (AI) system that assesses the dysplasia of blood cells on bone marrow smears and presents the result of AI prediction for one of the most representative dysplasia—decreased granules (DG). We photographed field images from the bone marrow smears from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or non-MDS diseases and cropped each cell using an originally developed cell detector. Two morphologists labelled each cell. The degree of dysplasia was evaluated on a four-point scale: 0–3 (e.g., neutrophil with severely decreased granules were labelled DG3). We then constructed the classifier from the dataset of labelled images. The detector and classifier were based on a deep neural network pre-trained with natural images. We obtained 1797 labelled images, and the morphologists determined 134 DGs (DG1: 46, DG2: 77, DG3: 11). Subsequently, we performed a five-fold cross-validation to evaluate the performance of the classifier. For DG1–3 labelled by morphologists, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were 91.0%, 97.7%, 76.3%, 99.3%, and 97.2%, respectively. When DG1 was excluded in the process, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 85.2%, 98.9%, 80.6%, and 99.2% and 98.2%, respectively.
Universal inherent fluctuations in statistical counting of large particles in slurry used for semiconductor manufacturing
Authors: Lee Manhee , Kim Dongwon , Heo Tae-Young , Park Taewon , Kim Wonjung , Choi Daejin , Kim Hyunwoo , Kim Jaehyun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the chemical mechanical polishing process of semiconductor manufacturing, the concentration of ‘large’ particles ($$\ge $$
≥
0.5 μm) in the slurry, which is considerably larger in size than the main abrasives ($$\approx $$
≈
0.1 μm), is a critical parameter that strongly influences manufacturing defects, yields, and reliabilities of large-scale-integrated circuits. Various instruments, so-called particle counters, based on light scattering, light extinction, and holography techniques have been developed to measure and monitor the large particle concentration in semiconductor fabs in real time. However, sizeable fluctuation in the measured particle concentration complicates the statistical process control in the fabs worldwide. Here, we show that an inherent fluctuation exists in the counting of large particles, which is universal, independent of instrument type, and quantitatively determined by the instrument’s operation parameters. We analytically derive a statistical theory of the fluctuation based on Poisson statistics and validate the theory through experiments and Monte-Carlo simulation. Furthermore, we provide a strategy to enhance the measurement accuracy by statistically adjusting the instrumental parameters commonly involved in the particle counters. The present results and analyses could be useful for statistical process control in semiconductor fabs to prevent large particle-induced defects such as micro-scratches and pits on wafers.
Photooxidative stress-inducible orange and pink water-soluble astaxanthin-binding proteins in eukaryotic microalga
Authors: Kawasaki Shinji , Yamazaki Keita , Nishikata Tohya , Ishige Taichiro , Toyoshima Hiroki , Miyata Ami 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLipid astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant known as a natural sunscreen, accumulates in eukaryotic microalgae and confers photoprotection. We previously identified a photooxidative stress-inducible water-soluble astaxanthin-binding carotenoprotein (AstaP) in a eukaryotic microalga (Coelastrella astaxanthina Ki-4) isolated from an extreme environment. The distribution in eukaryotic microalgae remains unknown. Here we identified three novel AstaP orthologs in a eukaryotic microalga, Scenedesmus sp. Oki-4N. The purified proteins, named AstaP-orange2, AstaP-pink1, and AstaP-pink2, were identified as secreted fasciclin proteins with potent 1O2 quenching activity in aqueous solution, which are characteristics shared with Ki-4 AstaP. Nonetheless, the absence of glycosylation in the AstaP-pinks, the presence of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor motif in AstaP-orange2, and highly acidic isoelectric points (pI = 3.6–4.7), differed significantly from that of AstaP-orange1 (pI = 10.5). These results provide unique examples on the use of water-soluble forms of astaxanthin in photosynthetic organisms as novel strategies for protecting single cells against severe photooxidative stresses.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided, through-the-needle forceps biopsy for diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions: a systematic review
Authors: Guzmán-Calderón Edson , Martinez-Moreno Belen , Casellas Juan A. , de Madaria Enrique , Aparicio José Ramón 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL), are a heterogeneous group of cystic lesions. Some patients with PCLs have a significantly higher overall risk of pancreatic cancer and the only test that can differentiate benign and malignnat PCL is fine-needle aspiration plus cytological analysis, but its sensitivity is very low. Through-the-needle direct intracystic biopsy is a technique that allows acquisition of targeted tissue from PCLs and it may improve the diagnostic yield for them. The aim of this study was to review articles about endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided through-the-needle intracystic biopsy for targeted tissue acquisition and diagnosis of PCLs.
Methods A systematic review of computerized bibliographic databases was carried out for studies of EUS-guided through-the-needle forceps biopsy (EUS-TTNB) of PCLs. The percentages and their 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for all the considered endpoints (technical success, adequate specimens, adverse events (AEs), and overall diagnosis).
Results Overall, eight studies with a total of 423 patients were identified. Pooled technical success was 95.6 % of the cases (399/423), (95 % CI, 93.2 %–97.3 %). Technical failure rate was 5.1 % (24 cases). Frequency of adequate specimens was 82.2 %, (95 % CI, 78.5 %–85.8 %). Adverse events were reported in seven of the eight studies. Forty-two total adverse events were reported (10.1 %) (95 % CI, 7.3 %–13.6 %). The overall ability to provide a specific diagnosis with EUS-TTNB for diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions was 74.6 % (313 cases), (95 % CI: 70.2 %–78.7 %). The most frequent diagnoses found with EUS-TTNB were mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN) in 96 cases (30.6 %), IPMN in 80 cases (25.5 %), and serous cystoadenoma neoplasm (SCN) in 48 cases (15.3 %).
Conclusions Through-the-needle forceps biopsy appears to be effective and safe, with few AE for diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions. This technique had acceptable rates of technical and clinical success and an excellent safety profile. TTNB is associated with a high tissue acquisition yield and provided additional diagnostic yield for mucinous pancreatic lesions. TTNB may be a useful adjunctive tool for EUS-guided assessment of PCLs.
Die Delegations-Vereinbarung und ihre Umsetzung innerhalb und außerhalb der hausärztlichen Praxis aus Sicht der Niedergelassenen
Authors: Dini Lorena , Koppelow Martha , Reuß Folker , Heintze Christoph 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Der demografische Wandel trifft auch niedergelassene Hausärztinnen und Hausärzte (HÄ) in vielen Regionen Deutschlands. Die Delegations-Vereinbarung (D-V) von 2017 ermöglicht bundesweit die Delegation ärztlicher Tätigkeiten an nicht-ärztliches Praxispersonal (näPp).
Ziel der Studie Dieser Beitrag untersucht den Informationstand der HÄ zur Gesetzeslage und die tätigkeitsbezogene Delegation an näPp innerhalb und außerhalb der Praxis.
Methodik Die quantitative postalische anonyme Befragung einer randomisierten Stichprobe von 30% aller HÄ NRWs erreichte eine Responserate von 32%. Outcomes inkludieren: Einstellung, empfundener Informationsstand zur D-V und die tätigkeitsbezogene Haltung zur Delegierbarkeit für 34 ärztliche Tätigkeiten (wird delegiert/ist nicht delegierbar).
Ergebnisse Über zwei Drittel der HÄ waren gegenüber Delegation positiv eingestellt, jedoch schätzten nur 24% ihren Informationsstand als gut/sehr gut ein. Am häufigsten wurden diagnostische Tätigkeiten delegiert. Die Zustimmung bezüglich der Delegierbarkeit von Tätigkeiten der Bereiche „allgemeine Beurteilung“ und „Beratung/Schulungen“ zeigte statistisch signifikante Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Haltung nach Informationsstand. Fast alle Tätigkeiten im Bereich „Therapie und Behandlung“ wurden gleichermaßen von gut wie von schlecht informierten HÄ delegiert. Im Bereich „Diagnostik“ ließen sich 2 Gruppen von Tätigkeiten deutlich unterscheiden, die sich auf den Informationsstand zurückführen ließen.
Schlussfolgerung Die Liste delegierbarer Tätigkeiten im Bereich Diagnostik, Organisation/Administration und „allgemeine Praxis“ weist große Potentiale auf. Delegationsmöglichkeiten sollten durch gezielte und verbesserte Informationsvermittlung über die D-V an HÄ ausgeweitet werden.
Single-center experience demonstrating low adverse events and high efficacy with self-expandable metal esophageal and biliary stents for pseudocyst and walled off necrosis drainage
Authors: Ortizo Ronald Dungca , Jalali Farid , Thieu Daniel , Yu Allen , Bucayu Robert , Paiji Christopher , Fortinsky Kyle , Chang Kenneth , Lee John Gunn , Samarasena Jason Buddika 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) have been designed as proprietary stents for the management of pseudocysts (PC)/walled off necrosis (WON). There has been concern about adverse events (AEs) with LAMS including bleeding, buried stent syndrome and migration. Prior to LAMS becoming available, fully-covered self-expandable metal esophageal and biliary stents (FCSEMSs) were used off-label for management of PC/WON with many centers demonstrating low rates of AEs. The primary aim of this study was to study the safety and efficacy of FCSEMS for the management of pseudocysts/WON.
Patients and methods This was a retrospective review of all endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided placement of FCSEMSs for drainage of PC/WON cases performed at our institution over 4-year period. The primary outcomes studied were technical success, AEs, PC/WON resolution, and salvage surgical/radiologic intervention.
Results Technical success achieved in 65 of 65 (100 %) study patients. An AE occurred 0 of 25 patients (0 %) with PC, and in 10 of 40 patients (25 %) with WON: bleeding (3 %), migration (5 %) and stent dysfunction/infection (18 %). There was resolution in 25 of 25 patients (100 %) with a PC and 31 of 40 patients (78 %) with a WON. Salvage therapy by interventional radiology or surgery was performed in nine of 40 patients (22 %).
Conclusions This single-center 4-year experience in the pre-LAMS era showed that FCSEMS was safe and effective in all patients with PC and over 75 % of patients with WON. Given the large cost differential between LAMS and FCSEMS and the efficacy and safety shown with FCSEMS, we believe that FCSEMS should still be considered a first-line option for patients with pancreatic fluid collections, particularly in patients with PCs.
Feasibility of endoscopic suturing to prevent adverse events and hospitalization after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Han Samuel , Wani Sachin , Edmundowicz Steven A. , Soetikno Roy , Hammad Hazem 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and study aim Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) enables en bloc removal of gastrointestinal epithelial lesions but can leave a large mucosal defect, which can lead to inpatient observation and delayed bleeding or perforation. The aim of this study was to examine the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic suturing in closing ESD defects to prevent adverse events.
Patients and methods In this single-center prospective cohort study, endoscopic suturing was performed to close ESD defects in the stomach or rectum. Suturing was performed in the antegrade position starting from the edge most distal to the endoscope insertion site, moving from right to left, left to right manner before ending at the edge most proximal to the endoscope insertion site.
Results In total, 31 patients (mean age 65.6, 71 % male) received endoscopic suturing after gastric (58.1 %) or rectal (41.9 %) ESD. Mean lesion size was 27.4 ± 16.2 mm and mean suturing time was 13.4 ± 5.9 min. Complete closure was achieved in all patients. Same-day discharge occurred in 58.1 % of patients; the remainder were hospitalized with mean length of stay of 1 ± 0.6 day. There were no instances of delayed bleeding or delayed perforation (0 %, 95 % CI: 0–11.5 %). No recurrences were found on surveillance endoscopy.
Conclusions Based on this small prospective study, endoscopic suturing of post-ESD defects in the stomach and rectum appears to be feasible, safe, and potentially effective in preventing bleeding or perforation. Further larger controlled studies, however, are needed to validate these findings.
Esophageal peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for treatment of esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction: results from the first prospective trial
Authors: Ichkhanian Yervant , Sanaei Omid , Canakis Andrew , Vosoughi Kia , Almazan Erik , Ghandour Bachir , Khashab Mouen A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is a rare esophageal dysmotility disease that is characterized by elevated integrated relaxation pressuse (IRP) with evidence of preserved peristalsis. The role of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in management of EGJOO is currently unknown.
Patients and methods This is a prospective trial conducted in a single US tertiary care center from June 2015 to June 2019. Symptomatic patients, diagnosed with EGJOO on both HRM and endoluminal functional lumen imaging probe (EndoFLIP), who were eligible for POEM were recruited. Primary outcome was clinical success, defined as Eckardt score (ES) ≤ 3, at 6 months post-POEM. Other outcomes included dysphagia score, quality of life as measured by 36-item Short Form health survey scales (SF-36), post-POEM HRM, EndoFLIP, and pH measurements, and adverse events.
Results A total of 15 patients (51.8 yr. 9 F) with EGJOO underwent POEM. Pre-POEM mean IRP on HRM and Distensibility index (DI) on EndoFLIP were 24.3 ± 2.2 mmHg and 1.1 ± 0.6 mm2/mmHg, respectively. Clinical success was achieved in 93 % at 6 months post-POEM. There was significant decrease in IRP (-17.6 mmHg) post-POEM. There was significant improvement at 6 months in two of the SF-36 subscales. Ten patients underwent post-POEM pH testing, seven of whom had abnormal DeMeester score. Seven patients underwent EGD evaluation revealing esophagitis in five (2 Los Angeles grade A and 3 grade B).
Conclusions POEM offers a high clinical success rate for patients with EGJOO confirmed by impedance planimetry.
A Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Prone Positioning Methods on Blood Loss and Intra-Abdominal Pressure in Obese Patients Undergoing Spinal Surgery
Authors: Kundra Sandeep , Bansal Hanish , Gupta Vishnu , Gupta Rekha , Kaushal Sandeep , Grewal Anju , Chaudhary Ashwani K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground Improper prone positioning of obese patients for spine surgery can increase the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), resulting in increased bleeding from epidural venous plexus. The choice of prone positioning frame can be an important determinant of the IAP.Materials and Methods This prospective, randomized study was performed on obese patients (body mass index ≥ 30) scheduled for lumbar laminectomy. After administration of general anesthesia, patients were positioned prone either on Wilson’s frame (group W), or on horizontal bolsters (group H). IAP was recorded at three intervals: (1) in supine position, (2) 10 minutes after prone positioning, and (3) in prone position at the end of surgery. Intraoperative blood loss was measured quantitatively and assessed subjectively by the surgeon.Results A total of 60 patients were enrolled with 30 patients in each group. IAP in supine position was similar in both groups. However, IAP 10 minutes after prone positioning was significantly higher at 11.44 ± 1.61 mm Hg in group W as compared to 9.56 ± 1.92 mm Hg in group H (p = 0.001). Similarly, IAP of 12.24 ± 1.45 mm Hg in group W, measured on completion of surgery was significantly higher than 9.96 ± 2.35 mm Hg in group H (p = 0.001). Mean total blood loss of 440.40 ± 176.98 mL in group W was significantly higher than 317.20 ± 91.04 mL in group H (p = 0.003).Conclusion Obese patients positioned prone on Wilson’s frame had significantly higher IAP and blood loss compared to patients positioned on horizontal bolsters.
Anti-MOG Antibody Syndrome and Cerebral Sinovenous Thrombosis: A Cause–Effect Hypothesis
Authors: Fontana Alessandra , Greco Filippo , Smilari Pierluigi , Praticò Andrea D. , Fiumara Agata , Ruggieri Martino , Pavone Piero 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCerebral venous thrombosis is an uncommon event of stroke in childhood. Its origin is multifactorial and often it manifests with nonspecific symptoms that may overlap with underlying predisposing factors. Anti–myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody syndrome is a group of recently recognized acquired demyelinating diseases that occur more commonly in children, usually, with a favorable outcome. The association between cerebral venous thrombosis and demyelinating syndrome has been reported but their clinical relationship is matter of debate and various hypotheses have been advanced including intravenous (IV) steroid therapy and/or the consequence of a shared inflammatory-thrombotic process. Herein, we report the case of a child with anti-MOG antibody syndromes who developed a thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus and of the right Trolard's vein.
Is Ocular Sonography a Reliable Method for the Assessment of Elevated Intracranial Pressure in Children?
Authors: Yildizdas Dincer , Aslan Nagehan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPoint-of-care ultrasound has been widely used by clinicians at the bedside in recent years. Various types of point-of-care ultrasound practices are employed, especially in pediatric emergency rooms and intensive care units. Pediatric intensive care specialists perform point-of-care ultrasound virtually as a part of physical examination since it provides just-in-time vital clinical information, which could assist in acute management strategies in critically ill patients. Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter using point-of-care ultrasound is a noninvasive and radiation-free technique to determine raised intracranial pressure. Ophthalmic artery and central retinal artery Doppler indices can be used as transcranial Doppler to assess raised intracranial pressure. The aim of this review was to provide detailed information on ultrasonographic measurements of optic nerve sheath diameter and central retinal artery Doppler indices as techniques of interest for predicting increased intracranial pressure in pediatric patients in view of the literature.
Practice Variability in Screening and Treating Pediatric Critical Illness Delirium: Survey
Authors: Aljabari Salim , Carter Cara , Waheed Shahzad , Anderson Jordan E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe best practice in pediatric delirium (PD) screening and treatment is still unknown. Current recommendations come from small studies and adult data. In this article, we surveyed the Pediatric Critical Care Medicine fellowship directors on PD screening and treatment practices in their centers. We reported high variability in the screening and treatment practices for PD in large academic medical centers in the United States. The Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium tool is the most commonly used tool for screening, and quetiapine is the most commonly used pharmacologic agent. A national guideline on PD screening, prevention, and treatment is needed to standardize practice and provide guidance.
Estimating of the costs of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses in agricultural works in Thailand
Authors: Yogyorn Densak , Slatin Craig , Siriruttanapruk Somkiat , Woskie Susan , Chantian Thanawadee , Chaladlerd Pusanisa , Kongtip Pornpimol 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThailand lacks occupational injury and illness (OII) surveillance for its agricultural sector, a sector that comprises 34% of the total Thai workforce but is not covered by the workers compensation system. This study used data from Thailand’s Universal Health Care System to estimate the medical costs of OIIs from agricultural work in Thailand. In 2017, OII medical costs totaled $47 million (USD), about ~ 0.2% of the gross domestic product produced by the Thai agricultural sector. We recommend that some of the national funds currently used for medical treatment of OIIs be used instead to develop and implement prevention programs in agriculture. This would improve not only worker health and safety, but also productivity. Availability of data on working conditions, injuries and illnesses, and especially lost time, lost income and productivity, and OII-related costs for the workers and their dependents might enable better public health policy formulation.
The role of milling time on the morphological and mechanical properties of wood flour and their polypropylene composites
Authors: Maria Hanna J , Ito Hirokazu , Kenta Sakamoto , Balqis Hanis , Okamoto Masaki , Volova Tatiana , Kalarickal Nandakumar , Thomas Sabu , Goda Koichi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRendering unique properties by combining materials are stepping stones to innovate novel material with excellent properties. Although the combination technology has been used to obtain characteristic properties, recent new technologies develop materials with both lower density and higher strength, which are not attainable for single bulk materials. The light weight, easy availability, and biodegradability of natural fibers make them as one of the most acceptable materials for manufacturing various products. Most of the commodity plastics can be reinforced with wood flour which is one of the most abundantly available resources and can impart better properties to the composite materials. To support the industry while considering the product reliability and durability, the effect of more detailed processing factors is in demand. Thus, the present study focuses on clarifying the effects of particle size, morphology, diffraction pattern, particle size distribution of the wood flour on the final properties of the wood flour-based composites. Multiple factors like morphological, structural, interfacial interactions, and crystallinity index shows 1 h milled wood fluor to be the appropriate time to mill the wood flour particles. There is an optimal milling time, which make smaller wood flours without agglomerates, resulting in better property enhancement.