bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Our Moral Fate
Authors: Buchanan Allen 
Published: March 2020

A provocative and probing argument showing how human beings can for the first time in history take charge of their moral fate.
Is tribalism—the political and cultural divisions between Us and Them—an inherent part of our basic moral psychology? Many scientists link tribalism and morality, arguing that the evolved “moral mind” is tribalistic. Any escape from tribalism, according to this thinking, would be partial and fragile, because it goes against the grain of our nature. In this book, Allen Buchanan offers a counterargument: the moral mind is highly flexible, capable of both tribalism and deeply inclusive moralities, depending on the social environment in which the moral mind operates.
We can't be morally tribalistic by nature, Buchanan explains, because quite recently there has been a remarkable shift away from tribalism and toward inclusiveness, as growing numbers of people acknowledge that all human beings have equal moral status, and that at least some nonhumans also have moral standing. These are what Buchanan terms the Two Great Expansions of moral regard. And yet, he argues, moral progress is not inevitable but depends partly on whether we have the good fortune to develop as moral agents in a society that provides the right conditions for realizing our moral potential. But morality need not depend on luck. We can take charge of our moral fate by deliberately shaping our social environment—by engaging in scientifically informed “moral institutional design.” For the first time in human history, human beings can determine what sort of morality is predominant in their societies and what kinds of moral agents they are.
Predictors of Intershift Fatigue Recovery Among Doctors
Authors: Mohd Fauzi Mohd Fadhli , Mohd Yusoff Hanizah , Abdul Manaf Mohd Rizal , Mat Saruan Nur Adibah , Muhamad Robat Rosnawati 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Doctors are exposed to various psychosocial hazards such as high task demands and demanding work schedule which may influence fatigue, recovery, stress, job satisfaction, wellbeing, and work-family interface. This research generally aims to examine the interrelationship between work-home domain variables with outcomes of fatigue, its recovery, and others related outcomes such as work-to-family conflict, general wellbeing, and perceived stress level among doctors working at public hospital at general and day-level on-call duty.
Methods: This is a multicenter analytical mix cross sectional (general) and longitudinal (day-level) research among proposed 390 randomly-sampled on-call doctors working at seven core clinical disciplines from seven public tertiary hospitals in Malaysia. Data will be collected three times: (a) any days after obtaining informed consent (cross sectional), (b) at the end of on-call duty (first wave longitudinal), and (c) at the beginning of subsequent work period (second wave longitudinal). Data will be modelled by covariance-based structural equation modelling (SEM).
Conclusion: This research is well justifiable in view of limited available research on complex interrelationship of work domain, home domain and work-home boundary control with fatigue, recovery and other psychological health consequences (e.g. stress, wellbeing, work-home conflict) among doctors, particularly in Asia and developed countries, including Malaysia. This research is expected to provide strong evidence to policy makers in developing prevention and management policy related to fatigue, recovery and other psychological health consequences among doctors.
Keywords: doctor, fatigue, recovery, on-call, intershift, wellbeing, stress,
Increasing Investment and Autonomy in Second-language Learners – an Empirical Study Looking for the L2 Self
Authors: Bacquet Gaston 
Published: March 2020

Inspired by years of research into the areas of motivation and learner autonomy, this empirical study aimed at investigating ways of developing both of these dimensions in a Myanmar classroom; most current research output show results of what has been done mostly in Western context or in countries with strong ties to Western culture, such as China, South Korea or Japan. To the best of my knowledge, none of the literature or studies related to Myanmar, a country that presents a very unique set of circumstances for English-language teachers: not only had English been banned in all of its forms for nearly 40 years after the military government came to power (closing down libraries, English-language publications and eradicating the English curriculum from schools), but the country follows a Confucian system of education, which places greater value in memorization than understanding and in strict obedience rather than the development of critical thought (Purdie et al 1996; Han and Yang, 2001). Because of the Confucian belief in the importance of unequal relations in education (Guo ,2016) students are not only discouraged from asking questions but according to their own testimony, even physically punished. With these considerations in mind, the purpose of this study was to investigate the degree to which both autonomy and intrinsic motivation could be developed in Burmese, thus breaking away from the educational model they have followed so far, and to ascertain whether or not such dimensions had an impact in their learning outcomes. Nineteen Intermediate-level Burmese students, enrolled in the General English program at the British Council Myanmar, worked for six weeks twice a week carrying out tasks designed to boost their intrinsic motivation and develop a greater sense of autonomy, to assess if these dimensions had an impact in the students’ learning outcomes and to determine the degree and type of pedagogical interventions needed to facilitate that. Students answered three questionnaires, wrote three journal entries reflecting on their experience as learners and as subjects in the project, and engaged in a variety of tasks which will be described. Additionally, three students were interviewed in person to delve deeper into the issues described above. The first questionnaire was designed to help learners reflect on their own role as learners, The second one was based on Dörnyei’s Ten Commandments for Motivating Language. The final questionnaire was a reflection on the entirety of the course and changes students had experienced throughout. It asked questions concerning motivation, autonomy and identity and it serves as the final data–collection instrument by which to ascertain if any changes occurred in their behaviour, attitude or thinking patterns.
Sertaconazole in the treatment of mycoses: from dermatology to gynecology
Authors: Torres J , Márquez M , Camps F 
Published: July 2002

AbstractSertaconazole is a pharmaceutical product in the form of a cream, gel, powder and solution for dermatological use and vaginal cream, tablets and ovules for gynecological use. It is marketed in 24 countries and registered in a further 22. The active ingredient is 2% sertaconazole nitrate. Sertaconazole nitrate is an azole antifungal agent, with notable antifungal activity. Its molecule has a highly lipophilic fragment. This is a review of the efficacy and safety of all pharmaceutical forms of sertaconazole in order to provide data on vaginal sertaconazole for marketing purposes.
New considerations for the pathogenesis of endometriosis
Authors: Gazvani R , Templeton A 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To review the available evidence regarding the immunological, epidemiological and other factors involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Methods: Literature review. Results: Endometriosis remains a poorly‐understood disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. Conclusions: There is evidence to suggest that alterations in the immune response, whether genetically transmitted or environmentally induced, predispose women to the ectopic implantation of endometrial cells transported into the peritoneal cavity by way of retrograde menstruation. This predisposition may exist because of an impaired peritoneal clearing of endometrial cells and fragments or because of pathological angiogenesis.
Fetal heart rate patterns associated with periventricular leukomalacia
Authors: Okamura M. , Itakura A. , Kurauchi O. , Hayakawa F. , Mizutani S. , Tomoda Y. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: Our purpose was to assess the applicability of fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring to detect fetuses at risk of developing periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). Methods: FHR tracings obtained for babies delivered under 33 weeks' gestation and with a birth weight under 2000 g were assessed for baseline heart rate, variability, deceleration and ‘flip flap’ (an oscillatory tracing pattern). Results: PVL developed in 19 of the 103 infants studied. All of these infants were among the fetuses who exhibited average and increased variability. In addition, PVL was detected in 10 (47.6%) of the 21 flip flap positive fetuses, and in 9 (11.0%) of the 82 flip flap negative fetuses. The incidence of PVL was significantly higher in the flip flap positive fetuses (P < 0.005). Conclusion: The possibility that an unstable intrauterine environment, reflected by a flip flap pattern, is related to the subsequent development of PVL is indicated.
Morphological alterations of hypothalamic nucleidue to intrahypothalamic hyperinsulinism in newborn rats
Authors: Plagemann A. , Harder T. , Rake A. , Janert U. , Melchior K. , Rohde W. , Dörner G. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIn former studies, a temporary, intrahypothalamically localized hyperinsulinism duringbrain development was shown to result in overweight and metabolic disturbances during later lifein rats. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis whether intrahypothalamic insulin treatment duringearly postnatal life may lead to hypothalamic morphological alterations, i.e., of numerical densityof neurons and area of neuronal nuclei or area of neuronal cytoplasm, in this animal model. Forthis purpose, on the 8th day of age in Wistar rats a long‐acting insulin was bilaterally applicatedstereotactically into the hypothalamus (12 mIU on each side), while in controls the insulin‐freeagar‐vehicle was given only. By computer‐assisted morphometric analysis on the 15th day of life adecrease of the mean area of neuronal nuclei and the mean nucleus‐cytoplasm‐ratio within theVMN of the insulin‐treated animals was observed, as compared to control rats (P < 0.05), while no significant alterations were found in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). Analysisof topographically distinct parts of the VMN revealed significant reductions of the mean area ofneuronal nuclei (P < 0.001) and nucleus‐cytoplasm‐ratio (P < 0.05) inthe anterior part of the VMN (VMNpa). Furthermore, in the ventrolateral part (VMNpv) adecreased mean neuronal density was observed in the insulin group (P < 0.01). Incontrast, the dorsomedial part of the VMN (VMNpd) displayed an increased mean neuronaldensity in the insulin‐treated animals (P < 0.05). In the dorsomedial hypothalamicnucleus (DMN) a significant increase of the mean area of neuronal nuclei (P < 0.01)and the area of neuronal cytoplasm were observed (P < 0.001). These alterationswere accompanied by a significantly elevated mean numerical density of astrocytes (positive forglial fibriallary acidic protein ; GFAP+) within the periventricular hypothalamic area (PER) of theinsulin‐treated rats (P < 0.05). These observations speak for a varying vulnerabilityof LHA, DMN and distinct parts of the VMN to hyperinsulinism during early development,possibly leading to a disturbed organization and, consecutively, permanent dysfunction of thesemorphologically connected and functionally interacting hypothalamic nuclei.
Spatiotemporal pattern of the postnatal astrogliogenesis in the rat hippocampal formation
Authors: Setkowicz Zuzanna , Pawliński Rafał , Ziaja Marek , Janeczko Krzysztof 
Published: July 2002

AbstractNewborn, 2‐, 4‐, 8‐, 16‐ and 30‐day‐old Wistar rats were injected with 3H‐thymidine and sacrificed following 4 h. survival time. Brain sections containing the dorsal part of hippocampal formation were immunostained for S‐100β protein and subjected to autoradiography to visualize proliferating astrocytes. Microscopical observations revealed age‐dependent changes in the number and distribution of proliferating astrocytes. The changes were considered as being related to the neurogenetic gradient characteristic to the hippocampal formation.
Depression and panic: Comorbidity
Authors: Baldwin DS 
Published: July 2002

SummaryPanic disorder is a common condition. Epidemiological studies throughout the world consistently indicate that the lifetime prevalence of panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia) is between 1.5% and 3.5%. Panic disorder shows substantial comorbidity with other forms of mental illness. Major depressive disorder occurs in 50 to 65% of individuals with panic disorder and there is considerable cross-sectional and longitudinal comorbidity with recurrent brief depression and dysthymia. Phobic anxiety disorders, most notably social phobia and generalised anxiety disorder, commonly occur with panic disorder, especially in individuals with more severe agoraphobia. Approximately 35 to 50% of individuals with panic disorder in community settings also have agoraphobia. Panic disorder also shows significant comorbidity with physical illness. Compared with individuals without or with some other psychiatric diagnosis, patients with panic disorder have an increased risk of suffering from multiple medically unexplained symptoms and are associated with high use of medical services and increased mortality from both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.
Subjective quality of life in schizophrenic patients living in the community. Relationship to clinical and social characteristics
Authors: Bengtsson-Tops A. , Hansson L. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe aims of this study were to assess the quality of life among 120 schizophrenic patients who were attending a psychiatric outpatient department and to investigate which socio-demographic and clinical factors influenced their subjective quality of life. Quality of life was assessed by the Lanchashire quality of life profile, social functioning was judged according to the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale, and psychopathology was rated by means of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Both objective and subjective life conditions indicated an impaired quality of life for the patients. The areas of finance and work had the largest proportion of dissatisfied patients. Socio-demographic indicators showed to have a weak influence on the patient's self-assessed quality of life while clinical factors, such as psychopathology, strongly influenced the patient's life satisfaction. It is concluded that there is a need for further emphasise on the clinical, financial, and social interventions for this group of patients.
A
cidothermaceae
Authors: Berry Alison M. , Normand Philippe 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

A.ci.do.ther.ma.ce'ae. N.L. masc. n.
Acidothermus
type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Acidothermaceae
the
Acidothermus
family.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Acidothermales / Acidothermaceae

A one‐genus family, alone in the order
Acidothermales
, containing thermophilic, acidophilic, and cellulolytic bacteria that inhabit hot springs.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 66.9 (determined by complete genome sequencing).
G
eodermatophilaceae
Authors: Montero‐Calasanz Maria del Carmen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Ge.o.der.ma.to.phi.la.ce'ae. N.L. masc. n.
Geodermatophilus
type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Geodermatophilaceae
the
Geodermatophilus
family.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Geodermatophilales / Geodermatophilaceae

Cells are cocci, rods or present pleiomorphic forms. Gram‐reaction‐positive. Reproduction is by fission and/or budding. The presence of motile cells or zoospores is genus characteristic. Colonies are usually circular with a moist surface, but irregular and multilocular colonies with dried surface are also observed. Colony color varies between pink or light red and black, finding also representatives showing brown, blue, gray, and white tonalities. Colony color switch is usually described. Fundamentally aerobic and alkalitolerant. The cell‐wall peptidoglycan is
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid. The major menaquinone is MK‐9(H
4
). The predominant cellular fatty acids are iso‐C
16:0
and iso‐C
15:0
. The characteristic polar lipid pattern consists of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol. The cell‐wall sugar profile comprises ribose and glucose. The family currently accommodates the genera
Blastococcus
,
Cumulibacter
,
Klenkia
,
Modestobacter
, and the type genus
Geodermatophilus
. Representatives of the family have been mainly isolated from arid habitats, but also from marine sediments, contaminated soils, plant‐associated environments, and as part of biopits. Tolerance to oxidative stress is frequently observed.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 74–76 (genomic data).

Type genus
:
Geodermatophilus
Luedemann 1968
AL
emend. Montero‐Calasanz et al. 2017.
D
esulfofarciminaceae
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Fukui Manabu , Kuever Jan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

N.L. neut. n.
Desulfofarcimen
type genus of the family; suff.
‐aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Desulfofarciminaceae
the family of
Desulfofarcimen
.

Desulfotomaculota (Firmicutes_B) / Desulfotomaculia / Desulfotomaculales / Desulfofarciminaceae

Cells are straight or slightly curved rods. Gram‐stain‐negative. Spherical spores occur central or subterminal of cells. Motile by means of flagella. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory type of metabolism. Moderately thermophilic or mesophilic. Neutrophilic. NaCl is not essential for growth. Chemoorganoheterotrophic growth occurs using organic acids, short‐chain fatty acids, and alcohols. Chemolithoautotrophic growth with H
2
and CO
2
is observed in
Desulfolucanica
species. Substrates are completely oxidized to CO
2
. Sulfate is used as an electron acceptor and is reduced to H
2
S. The type species of the type genus is unable to ferment organic substrates. Desulfoviridin is absent. The major cellular fatty acids are C
16:0
, C
16:1
ω7
c
, C
18:1
ω7
c
, and iso‐C
15:0
. The major menaquinone is MK‐7. The family currently accommodates two genera,
Desulfofarcimen
and
Desulfolucanica
. The type genus is
Desulfofarcimen
. The type strain of the genus
Desulfofarcimen
was isolated from piggery waste in Göttingen, Germany.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 37.5–41.1 (LC,
T
m
); 40.5–41.6 (genome).

Type genus
:
Desulfofarcimen
Watanabe et al. 2018
VP
.
M
aricaulis
Authors: Abraham Wolf‐Rainer 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Ma.ri.cau'lis. L. neut. n.
mare
‐
is
the sea; L. masc. n.
caulis
stalk; N.L. masc. n.
Maricaulis
stalk from the sea.

Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhodobacterales / Hyphomonadaceae / Maricaulis

Rod‐shaped, fusiform or vibroid, Gram‐negative cells, 0.4–0.5 by 1–2 μm. Cells possess a prosthecum extending from one pole as a continuation of the long axis of the cell with adhesive material at the distal end. Cells occur singly and multiply by binary fission. Colonies are circular, convex, and colorless. Species are chemoorganotrophic aerobes. Nitrate is reduced to nitrite by some strains. Most strains can store carbon as poly‐β‐hydroxybutyric acid. Besides mixtures of B vitamins and amino acids, other organic factors are required for growth. All strains can grow on peptone yeast extract media with 5 g NaCl per liter. NaCl is required for optimal growth; optimal growth between 20 and 60 g NaCl per liter. Temperature range of most isolates is 15–35°C; 20–25°C is optimal. The pH range is 6.0–8.0, and optimal pH for growth is around neutrality. All strains are characterized by C
16:0
, C
17:1
iso ω9
c
, and C
18:1
ω7
c
as major fatty acids and the minor compounds C
17:l
ω8
c
, C
17:0
iso, C
17:0
, and C
18:1
ω9
c
. The major hydroxyl fatty acid is C
11:0
iso 3‐OH; the major respiratory quinone is Q‐10. Polar lipids are α‐
d
‐glucopyranosyl diacylglycerol, α‐
d
‐glucuronopyranosyl diacylglycerol, 1,2‐diacyl‐3‐
O
‐sulfoquinovosylglycerol, and 1,2‐diacyl‐3‐α‐
d
‐glucuronopyranosyl‐
sn
‐glycerol taurinamide. Most strains also contain phosphatidylglycerol. The currently described five species of the genus were all isolated from seawater.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 62.7 (genome); 65.2 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Maricaulis maris
Abraham et al. 1999
VP
(basonym:
Caulobacter maris
Poindexter 1964).
F
lavimaricola
Authors: Wang Tao , Wirth Joseph S. , Whitman William B. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Fla.vi.ma.ri′co.la. L. masc. adj.
flavus
yellow, golden, blonde, flaxen; L. neut. n.
mare
,
maris
the sea; L. suff. –
cola
(from L. n.
incola
) dweller, inhabitant; N.L. masc. n.
Flavimaricola
inhabitant of the Yellow Sea, referring to the isolation environment of the type species.

Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhodobacterales / Rhodobacteraceae / Flavimaricola

Gram‐negative‐staining, aerobic, nonmotile, and rod‐ to coccoid‐shaped bacteria. Optimal growth occurs at 30°C, between 2 and 3% (w/v) NaCl, and pH 7.0–8.0. The major fatty acid is summed feature 8 (C
18:1
ω7
c
and/or C
18:1
ω6
c
), and the respiratory quinone is Q‐10. The type species was isolated from the seawater of the Yellow Sea, South Korea. Member of the family
Rhodobacteraceae
. The type species is
Flavimaricola marinus
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 62.6 (LC).

Type species:
Flavimaricola marinus
Wirth and Whitman 2018
VP
(
Loktanella marina
Jung et al. 2016).
T
hioalkalibacter
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Merkel Alexander Y. , Muyzer Gerard 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Thi.o.al.ka.li.bac'ter Gr. neut. n.
thion
sulfur; M.L. n.
alkali
(from Arabic
al
‐
qalyi
, the ashes of saltwort) soda ash; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
a rod; N.L. masc. n.
Thioalkalibacter
rod‐shaped bacterium that loves alkaline conditions and utilizes sulfur compounds.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Halothiobacillales / Salinibacteraceae / Thioalkalibacter

The genus
Thioalkalibacter
was originally classified as a member of the cluster
Halothiobacillus halophilus‐Htb. hydrothermalis
, but later, it was placed into a separate family
Thioalkalibacteraceae
together with the genus
Guyparkeria
(accommodating former
Halothiobacillus
species
Htb. halophila
and
Htb. hydrothermalis
) in the
Gammaproteobacteria
.
Thioalkalibacter
is a moderately halophilic and facultatively alkaliphilic chemolithoautotrophic sulfur‐oxidizing bacterium utilizing reduced sulfur compounds as energy source and O
2
as an electron acceptor. CO
2
is assimilated via the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle. The genus includes a single species
Thioalkalibacter halophilus
, which is the type species. Habitat is hypersaline alkaline lakes.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 54.2 (genome).

Type species
:
Thioalkalibacter halophilus
Banciu et al. 2009, VL 127.