bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF NON-FOOD COMMODITY INFLATION ON CHANGES OF HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IN ACEH PROVINCE
Authors: Yasrizal Yasrizal 
Published: August 2020

<p><span class="fontstyle0">The relations of inflation and poverty can be seen from the contribution commodities of poverty contributor. Increasing prices on the commodity of poverty contributor leads to declining real incomes and income loss in households causing poverty. The commodity of poverty contributor is dominated by fuel and LPG commodities. The AIDS model is a development of the Engel curve and Marshall equations derived from the theory of satisfaction maximization. This model uses the budget share of<br />household on a selected commodity to represent demand variables. This study is an empirical study. The data used are primary and secondary data obtained from field research and literature. The study is located in Banda Aceh and Meulaboh. By using an almost ideal model of demand or an AIDS model, it will be seen that household behavior responds to changes in the price of the commodity of poverty contributor. From observation, inflation rate of non food commodity has a big effect on the welfare of Aceh Province community, both for Banda Aceh and Meulaboh households. The on-food commodity inflation has a huge influence to reduce household welfare in<br />Meulaboh.</span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><br /></span><span class="fontstyle2">JEL Classification: </span><span class="fontstyle0">D10, D11, D12</span></p><p><span class="fontstyle0"><br /></span><span class="fontstyle2">Keywords: </span><span class="fontstyle0">AIDS Model, Elasticity, Inflation, Non-food Commodity of Poverty<br />Contributor.</span></p>
Does quality of care entail environmental impact? A blind spot in our knowledge
Authors: Veltman Leonie M. S. , Delnoij Diana M. J. , Ossebaard Hans C. 
Published: August 2020

This scoping review examines the conceptual relationship between the terms “environmental sustainability” and “quality of care” as used in academic studies on health care. We performed searches in Scopus and PubMed looking for potential semantic and practical associations between sustainability and quality of care, including potential conflicts. For the first part about associations, 11 search strings were used resulting in 1,488 studies of which 8 were eventually selected for analysis. For the latter part about conflicts, 4 search strings were used resulting in 45 studies of which 6 remained for analysis. Information about the following aspects was extracted from the studies that were included: interpretation and definition of sustainability, dimensions of quality of care, and tensions between quality and sustainability. Merely a few studies address a relationship betweenenvironmental sustainability and quality of care. Only “patient-centredness” and “safety” are associated with sustainability in academic literature. “Effectiveness” is rather interpreted as opposing it. “Efficiency” seems to be both associated and opposed to sustainability. The conceptual relationship between environmental sustainability and quality of care has not been thouroughly examined in academic studies which implies a blind spot in our knowledge. Only one study reports on conceptual and practical work for incorporating sustainability as a dimension of health care quality.
The “Feigned Conversion of Constantine” in Early Islamic Literature
Authors: Stutz Jonathan 
Published: August 2020

This article focuses on the literary motif of Constantine’s artful conversion to Christianity in the context of Early Islamic literature. While it is reasonable to expect that this particular way of presenting Constantine’s approach to religion would have proven useful in the context of polemical literature against Christianity, this article aims to show that his conversion also appeared in literary settings different from a strictly theological one. Alongside the polemical work of ʿAbd al-Ǧabbār, the article presents the terms in which the figure of Constantine and his conversion were appropriated within the works of al-Masʿūdī and Miskawayh. In these two particular authors the story of Constantine’s conversion is relevant to problems peculiar not to the apologetic but rather to historiographical and ethical discourses. Constantine therefore stands as a representative case in point for the diversified reception and adaptation of Late Antiquity’s legacy within the emerging Islamicate world.
Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Aprepitant Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients With Postoperative or Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Chain Anne , Wrishko Rebecca , Vasilinin Grygoriy , Mouksassi Samer 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVESAprepitant is effective for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced or postoperative nausea and vomiting (CINV/PONV). The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model of aprepitant in pediatric patients and to support dosing recommendations for oral aprepitant in pediatric patients at risk of CINV.METHODSA population PK model was constructed based on data from 3 clinical studies in which children (6 months to 12 years) and adolescents (12–19 years) were treated with a 3-day regimen of oral aprepitant (capsules or suspension), with or without intravenous fosaprepitant on day 1 (CINV), or a single dose of oral aprepitant (capsules or suspension; PONV). Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling was used for model development, and a stepwise covariate search determined factors influencing PK parameters. Simulations were performed to guide final dosing strategies of aprepitant in pediatric patients.RESULTSThe analysis included 1326 aprepitant plasma concentrations from 147 patients. Aprepitant PK was described by a 2-compartment model with linear elimination and first-order absorption, with allometric scaling for central and peripheral clearance and volume using body weight, and a cytochrome P450 3A4 maturation component for the effect of ontogeny on systemic clearance. Simulations established that application of a weight-based (for those &lt;12 years) and fixed-dose (for those 12–17 years) dosing regimen results in comparable exposures to those observed in adults.CONCLUSIONSThe developed population PK model adequately described aprepitant PK across a broad pediatric population, justifying fixed (adult) dosing for adolescents and weight-based dosing of oral aprepitant for children.
Os mapas que Marcia me mostrou: a metodologia do Mapa da Vida no trabalho com o teatro na comunidade
Authors: Lauermann Aline Maria 
Published: August 2020

Este relato apresenta quatro experiências distintas com a metodologia do Mapa da Vida, sendo elas uma oficina realizada no ano de 2015, o desenvolvimento do meu Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (2017), a disciplina Teatro em Contextos Específicos (2019) e o meu estágio docência (2019). Pretendo revisitar essas experiências que contribuíram na formulação do meu entendimento sobre o trabalho no contexto comunitário, assim como refletir acerca das possibilidades pedagógicas que a metodologia oferece para aqueles que pretendem atuar nesse campo.
Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Concussion, Development of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, and Emerging Diagnostics: A Narrative Review
Authors: Berry James A. D. , Elia Christopher , Sweiss Raed , Lawandy Shokry , Bowen Ira , Zampella Bailey , Saini Harneel , Brazdzionis James , Miulli Dan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Pathophysiological mechanisms and cascades take place after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that can cause long-term sequelae, including chronic traumatic encephalopathy in patients with multiple concurrent TBIs. As diagnostic imaging has become more advanced, microanatomical changes present after mTBI may now be more readily visible. In this narrative review, the authors discuss emerging diagnostics and findings in mTBI through advanced imaging, electroencephalograms, neurophysiologic processes, Q2 biochemical markers, and clinical tissue tests in an effort to help osteopathic physicians to understand, diagnose, and manage the pathophysiology behind mTBI, which is increasingly prevalent in the United States.
Amount of Waste used for Different Purposes: A Socio-ecological Impact
Authors: Ghosh Arindam , Pal Dibyendu , Biswas Amitava , Acharya S. K. 
Published: August 2020

Waste is a ceaselessly developing issue at worldwide and territorial just as at neighborhood levels. Due to vigorous globalization and product proliferation in recent years, more waste has been produced by the soaring manufacturing activities. The social ecology of waste recycling implies the structural, functional and managerial intervention of waste generation process. The specific objective of the research was to isolate and identify the system variables characterizing and the management of waste recycling process and to estimate intra and inter level of interaction amongst and between the variables for respective, inductive and interactive contribution. The present study takes a look into the approach, process and impact of ongoing waste management process, followed by the both kalyani and jalpaiguri municipalities. A set of agro-ecological, socio-economic and techno managerial factors have been developed by selecting two sets of operating variables: Independent Variables: Age(x1), Education(x2), Family member(x3), Total cost of energy(x4), Household land(x5), Income(x6), Expenditure of family(x7), Volume of waste generation per household(x8), Water consumption per day(x9), Total bio diversity(x10), Impact of waste management on health(x11), Impact of waste management on agriculture(x12), Impact of waste management on livestock(x13), Impact of waste management on water(x14), Impact of waste management on soil(x15), Impact of waste management on micro flora and fauna(x16), Exposure to media(x17),Training received(x18), Participation on waste recycling programmer (x19), Perception on environmental impact of waste management(x20), Waste management at household level with value addition by percentage (x21a), Waste management at household level with value addition by percentage (x21b). Dependent variables: Volume of waste used for different purposes (y1). The following independent variables have come out with stark contribution on this consequent variable. Result suggested that in terms of variable, behavior and responses there have been stark differences between jalapaiguri and kalyani municipal areas. In kalyani, some few variables like perception of environmental impact on waste management, waste management at household level with value addition by percentage, impact of waste management on agriculture have recorded the distinct contribution on volume of waste used for different purposes and in jalpaiguri total household land, volume of waste generation from household, water consumption per day have gone in the determinant way. So, in kalyani and jalpaiguri municipal areas these variables have maximum influence on the dependent variable. Household wastes mostly are bio degradable in nature. It can be converted to organic manure which has a great nutritional value for plants and if these bio wastes can be converted into organic manure then amount of waste will be reduced. Not only bio waste but we can use non bio degradable wastes for energy production also.
Dual tasking impairments are associated with striatal pathology in Huntington’s disease
Authors: Lo Johnny , Reyes Alvaro , Pulverenti Timothy S. , Rankin Timothy J. , Bartlett Danielle M. , Zaenker Pauline , Rowe Grant , Feindel Kirk , Poudel Govinda , Georgiou‐Karistianis Nellie , Ziman Mel R. , Cruickshank Travis M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecent findings suggest that individuals with Huntington’s disease (HD) have an impaired capacity to execute cognitive and motor tasks simultaneously, or dual task, which gradually worsens as the disease advances. The onset and neuropathological changes mediating impairments in dual tasking in individuals with HD are unclear. The reliability of dual tasking assessments for individuals with HD is also unclear.ObjectivesTo evaluate differences in dual tasking performance between individuals with HD (presymptomatic and prodromal) and matched controls, to investigate associations between striatal volume and dual tasking performance, and to determine the reliability of dual tasking assessments.MethodsTwenty individuals with HD (10 presymptomatic and 10 prodromal) and 20 healthy controls were recruited for the study. Individuals undertook four single and dual task assessments, comprising motor (postural stability or force steadiness) and cognitive (simple or complex mental arithmetic) components, with single and dual tasks performed three times each. Participants also undertook a magnetic resonance imaging assessment.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, individuals with presymptomatic and prodromal HD displayed significant deficits in dual tasking, particularly cognitive task performance when concurrently undertaking motor tasks (P < 0.05). The observed deficits in dual tasking were associated with reduced volume in caudate and putamen structures (P < 0.05),however, not with clinical measures of disease burden. An analysis of the reliability of dual tasking assessments revealed moderate to high test–retest reliability [ICC: 0.61‐0.99] for individuals with presymptomatic and prodromal HD and healthy controls.ConclusionsIndividuals with presymptomatic and prodromal HD have significant deficits in dual tasking that are associated with striatal degeneration. Findings also indicate that dual tasking assessments are reliable in individuals presymptomatic and prodromal HD and healthy controls.
Better, Faster, and Less Biased Machine Learning: Electromechanical Switching in Ferroelectric Thin Films
Authors: Griffin Lee A. , Gaponenko Iaroslav , Bassiri‐Gharb Nazanin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMachine‐learning techniques are more and more often applied to the analysis of complex behaviors in materials research. Frequently used to identify fundamental behaviors within large and multidimensional datasets, these techniques are strictly based on mathematical models. Thus, without inherent physical or chemical meaning or constraints, they are prone to biased interpretation. The interpretability of machine‐learning results in materials science, specifically materials’ functionalities, can be vastly improved through physical insights and careful data handling. The use of techniques such as dimensional stacking can provide the much needed physical and chemical constraints, while proper understanding of the assumptions imposed by model parameters can help avoid overinterpretation. These concepts are illustrated by application to recently reported ferroelectric switching experiments in PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 thin films. Through systematic analysis and introduction of physical constraints, it is argued that the behaviors present are not necessarily due to exotic mechanisms previously suggested, but rather well described by classical ferroelectric switching superimposed by non‐ferroelectric phenomena, such as electrochemical deformation, electrostatic interactions, and/or charge injection.
Density Functional Theory Calculation of Zn and N Codoped Graphene for Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Li Yongcheng , Hu Riming , Wan Xin , Shang Jia‐Xiang , Wang Fu‐He , Shui Jianglan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe highly efficient and low‐cost electrocatalysts are of great importance for energy conversion systems such as fuel cells, metal–air batteries, and water electrolyzers. Here, the activities of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in zinc and nitrogen codoped graphene with different zinc–nitrogen (Zn–N) coordination numbers and configurations are studied by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The calculation results show that both Zn–N coordination numbers and structure configurations affect the activities of ORR and OER on ZnNx sites. Among all the calculated structures, ZnN4‐pyridine shows the lowest ORR overpotential of 0.61 V, whereas ZnN4‐pyrrole and ZnN4‐edge show lower OER overpotentials of 0.73 and 0.63 V, respectively. However, the other low N coordination structures of ZnNx‐pyridine/pyrrole/edge (x = 1/0/1–3) demonstrate poor activities. The electronic structure reveals that the O‐p orbital shows moderate hybridization strength with the N‐p and Zn‐d orbitals in O adsorbed ZnN4 systems thus facilitates the electrocatalytic reactions. The findings shed light on the rational design of bifunctional electrocatalysts for energy storage and conversion.
Enhanced Hardness in High‐Entropy Carbides through Atomic Randomness
Authors: Wang Yichen , Csanádi Tamás , Zhang Hangfeng , Dusza Ján , Reece Michael J. , Zhang Rui‐Zhi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHigh‐entropy carbides (HECs) are of great interest as they are promising candidates for ultra‐high‐temperature and high‐hardness applications. To discover carbides with enhanced yield strength and hardness, mechanism‐based design approaches are needed. In this study, dislocation core atomic randomness as a mechanism for hardness enhancement is proposed, in which the random interactions between different elements at a dislocation core make it more difficult for the dislocation to slip. The Peierls stress of an edge dislocation is calculated based on density functional theory, in which atomic randomness is increased by increasing the number of elements at the dislocation core. The results show that the Peierls stress statistically increases with increasing number of elements, indicating that incorporating more elements is likely to produce higher hardness. Based on this guiding principle, three eight‐cation HECs are fabricated (Ti,Zr,Hf,V,Nb,Ta,X,Y)C (X,Y = Mo,W, Cr,Mo, or Cr,W), the composition of which is guided by ab initio calculations of their formation enthalpy and entropy forming ability. The single‐phase dense ceramics all show high nanoindentation hardness of around 40 GPa. The random interactions between different elements at a dislocation core provide a mechanism for improving the hardness of structural ceramics.
Effect of the Dielectric and Mechanical Properties of the Polymer Matrix on ZnO‐Nanowire‐Based Composite Nanogenerators Performance
Authors: Doumit Nicole , Poulin‐Vittrant Guylaine 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe effect of Young's modulus and dielectric permittivity of the polymer matrix in vertically integrated nanogenerators (VING) on their output performance is studied by combining the finite element method and analytical modeling. To conduct this study, an elementary cell is considered, based on one ZnO nanowire (NW) surrounded by the polymer matrix. It is demonstrated that the polymer matrix should have the lowest Young's modulus and permittivity as possible, in order to maximize the output voltage and power. Four different materials, which have already been proposed in literature for such composite VING, are then compared: Parylene C, poly(methyl methacrylate), Al2O3, and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). Simulation results show that PDMS, which has the lowest values of both Young's modulus and permittivity, gives the highest output performance. Finally, the sensitivity to another design parameter—the surface density of the NWs—is calculated, and it is shown that choosing a polymer material with the lowest Young's modulus and permittivity is more powerful to improve the VING performance.
A Novel Mitigation Mechanism for Photo‐Induced Trapping in an Anthradithiophene Derivative Using Additives
Authors: Nasrallah Iyad , Ravva Mahesh Kumar , Broch Katharina , Novak Jiri , Armitage John , Schweicher Guillaume , Sadhanala Aditya , Anthony John E. , Bredas Jean‐Luc , Sirringhaus Henning 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA novel trap mitigation mechanism using molecular additives, which relieves a characteristic early turn‐on voltage in a high‐mobility p‐type acene‐based small‐molecule organic semiconductor, when processed from hydrous solvents, is reported. The early turn‐on voltage is attributed to photo‐induced trapping, and additive incorporation is found to be very effective in suppressing this effect. Remarkably, the molecular additive does not disturb the charge transport properties of the small‐molecule semiconductor, but rather intercalates in the crystal structure. This novel technique allows for the solution‐processing of small molecular semiconductors from hydrous solvents, greatly simplifying manufacturing processes for large‐area electronics. Along with various electric and spectroscopic characterization techniques, simulations have given a deeper insight into the trap mitigation effect induced by the additive.
A Novel Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitor Based on TiS2 (De)Intercalation Battery‐Type Anode
Authors: Wang Qiang , Wang Siliang , Li Jiayi , Ruan Limin , Wei Ning , Huang Linsheng , Dong Ziyan , Cheng Qinghua , Xiong Yi , Zeng Wei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe recent research on aqueous zinc‐ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs) based on zinc metal anode has attracted great attention in energy storage systems due to the inherited merits of supercapacitors and batteries. However, the problems of sluggish diffusion of zinc ion, low utilization rate of zinc foil, and uncontrollable zinc dendrites limit the application of ZHSCs. In order to effectively solve the above problems, a ZHSC is constructed and investigated with a 2D layered titanium disulfide (TiS2) (de)intercalation battery‐type anode and an active carbon (AC) capacitor‐type cathode in 2 m ZnSO4 electrolyte. Notably, this ZHSC demonstrates a high specific capacitance of 249 F g−1 (0.2 A g−1), a superior energy density of 112 Wh kg−1 (180 W kg−1), and a high power density of 3600 W kg−1 (35 Wh kg−1) based on the total weight of the anode and cathode active materials. Furthermore, the ZHSC also shows long service life with a capacitance retention of 92% after 5000 cycles at a current density of 2 A g−1. This work provides a concept to design next‐generation high‐performance ZHSC by replacing the zinc foil anode with a (de)intercalation battery‐type anode.