bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐depth proteomics approach reveals novel biomarkers of cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction: An exploratory analysis
Authors: Mao Shuai , Liang Yubin , Chen Peipei , Zhang Yuzhuo , Yin Xin , Zhang Minzhou 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCardiac remodelling following myocardial infarction (MI) is a maladaptive change associated with progressive heart failure and compromises long‐term clinical outcome. A substantial proportion of patients afflicted by MI still develop adverse outcomes associated with cardiac remodelling. Therefore, it is crucial to identify biomarkers for the early prediction of cardiac remodelling. An in‐depth proteomics approach, including both semi‐quantitative and quantitative antibody arrays, was used to identify circulating biomarkers that may be associated with detrimental cardiac remodelling. Furthermore, statistical correlation analysis was performed between the candidate biomarkers and clinical cardiac remodelling data to demonstrate their clinical utility. A systematic proteomics approach revealed that sclerostin (SOST), growth differentiation factor‐15 (GDF‐15), urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA), and midkine (MK) were increased, while monocyte chemotactic protein‐3 (MCP‐3) was uniquely decreased in MI patients who developed cardiac remodelling, compared to MI patients who did not develop cardiac remodelling and healthy humen. Moreover, correlation analyses between serum proteomes and cardiac remodelling echocardiographic parameters demonstrated a moderate positive association between left ventricular end‐diastolic volume index (LVEDVi) and the three serum proteins, uPA, MK and GDF‐15 (P < .05, respectively), and a moderate negative correlation between LV ejection fraction (LVEF) and these serum proteins (P < .05, respectively). Importantly, uPA and MK were firstly identified to be associated with the development of cardiac remodelling. The present study contributes to a better understanding of the various cytokines expressed during adverse cardiac remodelling. The identified biomarkers may facilitate early identification of patients at high risk of ischaemic heart failure pending further confirmation through larger clinical trials.
Associations between urinary 6‐sulfatoxymelatonin excretion and diabetic vascular complications or arteriosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tanaka Kenichi , Okada Yosuke , Maiko Hajime , Mori Hiroko , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAims/IntroductionThere are limited reports on the association between melatonin levels and vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the association between urinary 6‐sulfatoxymelatonin, which is a urinary metabolite of melatonin, and diabetic vascular complications or arteriosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included patients (167 patients with type 2 diabetes and 27 patients without diabetes adjusted for age and sex) admitted to the hospital who underwent measurement of urinary 6‐sulfatoxymelatonin. The urinary 6‐sulfatoxymelatonin/creatinine ratio (6‐SMT) was calculated.ResultsThe natural logarithmically scaled 6‐SMT level (Ln 6‐SMT) was significantly lower in type 2 diabetes patients (1.9 ± 1.1) compared with patients without diabetes (2.8 ± 1.0, P < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis identified duration of diabetes, smoking status, urinary albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio, retinopathy and coronary heart disease as factors that could influence Ln 6‐SMT levels in type 2 diabetes patients (R2 = 0.232, P < 0.001). Ln 6‐SMT was associated with decreased odds of diabetic retinopathy, even after adjustment for various confounding factors (odds ratio 0.559, 95% confidence interval 0.369–0.846, P = 0.006). Similarly, Ln 6‐SMT was associated with decreased odds of coronary heart disease (odds ratio 0.442, P = 0.030).ConclusionsOur results showed the presence of low levels of Ln 6‐SMT in type 2 diabetes patients relative to patients without diabetes. Furthermore, Ln 6‐SMT is an independent risk factor of diabetic retinopathy and coronary heart diseases. These findings suggest that 6‐SMT could be a useful biomarker for the prediction of micro‐ and macrovasculopathies in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Collusion under different pricing schemes
Authors: Gössl Florian , Rasch Alexander 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe analyze collusive outcomes under different pricing schemes in a differentiated product market in which customers have elastic demand. Starting with a situation in which firms can set two‐part tariffs to price discriminate, we consider two policy interventions that ban price discrimination: Firms must set (a) linear prices or (b) fixed fees. We find that collusion at maximum prices becomes harder to sustain under linear prices. By contrast, the analysis shows that the fixed fees policy facilitates collusion at maximum prices. The results have important implications for competition policy.
Frailty Combined with Loneliness or Social Isolation: An Elevated Risk for Mortality in Later Life
Authors: Hoogendijk Emiel O. , Smit Annelot P. , van Dam Carmen , Schuster Noah A. , de Breij Sascha , Holwerda Tjalling J. , Huisman Martijn , Dent Elsa , Andrew Melissa K. 
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESFrailty, loneliness, and social isolation are all associated with adverse outcomes in older adults, but little is known about their combined impact on mortality.DESIGNProspective cohort study.SETTINGThe Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam.PARTICIPANTSCommunity‐dwelling older adults aged 65 and older (n = 1,427).MEASUREMENTSFrailty was measured with the frailty phenotype (Fried criteria). Loneliness was assessed with the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Social isolation was operationalized using information on partner status, social support, and network size. Two categorical variables were created, for each possible combination regarding frailty and loneliness (FL) and frailty and social isolation (FS), respectively. Mortality was monitored over a period of 22 years (1995–2017). Survival curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used to study the effects of the FL and FS combinations on mortality. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic factors, depression, chronic diseases, and smoking.RESULTSFrailty prevalence was 13%, and 5.9% of the sample were frail and lonely, and 6.2% frail and socially isolated. In fully adjusted models, older adults who were only frail had a higher risk of mortality compared with people without any of the conditions (hazard ratio [HR] range = 1.40–1.48; P < .01). However, the highest risk of mortality was observed in people with a combined presence of frailty and loneliness or social isolation (HRFL = 1.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.42–2.37; HRFS = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.36–2.30). Sensitivity analyses using a frailty index based on the deficit accumulation approach instead of the frailty phenotype showed similar results, confirming the robustness of our findings.CONCLUSIONFrail older adults are at increased risk of mortality, but this risk is even higher for those who are also lonely or socially isolated. To optimize well‐being and health outcomes in physically frail older adults, targeted interventions focusing on both subjective and objective social vulnerability are needed.
Function identification of MdTIR1 in apple root growth benefited from the predicted MdPPI network
Authors: Liu Lin , Yu Zipeng , Xu Yang , Guo Cheng , Zhang Lei , Wu Changai , Yang Guodong , Huang Jinguang , Yan Kang , Shu Huairui , Zheng Chengchao , Zhang Shizhong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProtein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis is an effective method to identify key proteins during plant development, especially in species for which basic molecular research is lacking, such as apple (Malus domestica). Here, an MdPPI network containing 30 806 PPIs was inferred in apple and its quality and reliability were rigorously verified. Subsequently, a root‐growth subnetwork was extracted to screen for critical proteins in root growth. Because hormone‐related proteins occupied the largest proportion of critical proteins, a hormone‐related sub‐subnetwork was further extracted from the root‐growth subnetwork. Among these proteins, auxin‐related M. domestica TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESISTANT 1 (MdTIR1) served as the central, high‐degree node, implying that this protein exerts essential roles in root growth. Furthermore, transgenic apple roots overexpressing an MdTIR1 transgene displayed increased primary root elongation. Expression analysis showed that MdTIR1 significantly upregulated auxin‐responsive genes in apple roots, indicating that it mediates root growth in an auxin‐dependent manner. Further experimental validation revealed that MdTIR1 interacted with and accelerated the degradation of MdIAA28, MdIAA43, and MdIAA46. Thus, MdTIR1‐mediated degradation of MdIAAs is critical in auxin signal transduction and root growth regulation in apple. Moreover, our network analysis and high‐degree node screening provide a novel research technique for more generally characterizing molecular mechanisms.
Neonatal skin assessments and injuries: Nomenclature, workplace culture and clinical opinions—Method triangulation a qualitative study
Authors: August Deanne L. , Ray Robin A. , Kandasamy Yoga , New Karen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAim and objectiveTo explore and establish the language, clinical opinions and workplace culture around neonatal skin injury nomenclature. Specifically, what nomenclature is used to describe, define, identity and communicate neonatal skin injuries including (a) terms, (b) locations, (c) associated risks and (d) mechanical forces.BackgroundSkin injuries are affirmed or denied based on visual assessment with findings reported by language rather than measurements. However, if language or nomenclature is ambiguous, assessments could be misinterpreted effecting healthcare delivery.DesignQualitative enquiry including applied discourse analysis and between‐method triangulation, within a larger exploratory mixed‐methods study.MethodsData were collected over two years from four sources: literature, documents, interviews/focus groups and free text injury assessments. Data analysis included content analysis, selective coding and thematic analysis. The collective data were further explored using discourse analysis and triangulation to achieve collective conclusions about opinions, emotions, feelings, perceptions and workplace cultures. The COREQ checklist provided structure for the reporting of study methods, analysis and findings.ResultsA total of 427 data points were collected from literature, documentation and two clinical data sources. Data convergence revealed that neonatal skin injuries are described by numerous terms with preferences for “injury,” “trauma” or “redness.” Injuries occur in over 20 anatomical locations and risks for injuries included hospitalisation, specific treatments and prematurity. Essential medical devices, clinical condition, lack of clinician experience and overactive neonates were uniquely associated risks. There was incongruency between sources. The literature and documents empathise pressure as the primary force related to skin injury, while varied forces were identified within interviews, focus groups and free text injury assessments.ConclusionsThe variety of unique terms, locations and risks for injury indicate the need for updated neonatal skin injury frameworks. If frameworks and policies continue to be created without the empirical knowledge of neonatal clinicians, misrepresentation of neonatal skin injury locations and risk will continue to dominate the literature.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe recognition and management of neonatal skin injuries are related to language used to describe assessments in the absence of diagnostic confirmation, which has implications for both the neonate and the healthcare team.
Involving nursing students into clinical research projects: Reliability of data and experiences of students?
Authors: Sortland Kjersti , Halvorsen Kristin , Šaltytė Benth Jūratė , Almendingen Kari 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo examine reliability of the screening data collected by nursing students. Furthermore, to examine students' evaluations of participation in nutritional screening of older hospitalised patients.BackgroundIn cross‐sectional study on nutritional risk and care in older hospitalised patients, the prevalence for undernutrition was 45%, a finding corresponding with other international studies. In this study, nursing students (n = 173) screened older patients (n = 508) for malnutrition, while they were in hospital practice. The validity of the results thus depends on the quality of the students screening.MethodsAgreement in measurements on age, weight, height and nutritional risk scoring by students using Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002) was assessed for 30 randomly selected hospitalised patients (≥70 years), with data collected by students in the study and two additional students. Bland–Altman analysis was used for continuous measurements, while kappa statistic was used to assess agreement between the NRS 2002 scores. Experiences of all included students were described. A STROBE checklist was completed.ResultsNo significant bias was found among the students. Questionnaire data showed that 70.5% of the students agreed that the NRS 2002 was easy to use and 59.0% found it easier to measure the patients' height than weight. It was 70.5% who found it difficult to find previously recorded information on the patients' weight in the electronic records. Only 13% found it easy to find information on patients' nutritional status. 37.0% agreed that participating in the screening was instructive, and 34.0% gained increased interest in nutritional care.ConclusionCollaborating with students in screening older patients for nutritional risk and undernutrition gave reliable data and increased the students' interest in nutritional care among hospitalised patients.Relevance to clinical practiceCollaborating with students contributes with valuable data for practice and research. Moreover, it increases students' engagement for improved care practices for older patients.
The relationship between resilience, anxiety and depression among patients with mild symptoms of COVID‐19 in China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhang Jie , Yang Zhen , Wang Xiao , Li Juan , Dong Lili , Wang Fusheng , Li Yifei , Wei Ruihong , Zhang Jingping 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the role of resilience in anxiety and depression and to clarify their relationships among patients with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in Wuhan, China.BackgroundThe outbreak of COVID‐19 has negatively affected some individuals, but resilience plays a decisive role in the response of individuals under pressure and can help them deal with pressure more effectively.DesignThe cross‐sectional descriptive correlational survey was reported in line with the STROBE guidelines.Subject and settingIn total, 296 patients from FangCang Hospital in Wuhan, Hubei, China, with mild symptoms of COVID‐19 were recruited.MethodsParticipants were recruited through convenience sampling. The data collected included their demographic information, the Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.ResultsA small number of patients in this study had above threshold anxiety (subthreshold anxiety and major anxiety) and depression (subthreshold depression and major depression). The mean total resilience score of the participants was slightly below the normal level of ordinary Chinese adults. Resilience was inversely associated with and was a protective factor for both anxiety and depression in our samples. Risk factors for anxiety include being female and having colleagues with COVID‐19, while a risk factor for depression was having family members with COVID‐19.ConclusionsThis study shows that after taking the general demographics into consideration, higher levels of resilience were associated with lower anxiety and depression among mild COVID‐19 patients in Wuhan, China.Relevance to clinical practiceHealth professionals, especially clinical nurses, need to be aware of the psychological status of COVID‐19 patients and promote resilience to improve their mental health.
The experience of living with rheumatoid arthritis: A qualitative metasynthesis
Authors: Parenti Giulia , Tomaino Silvia Caterina Maria , Cipolletta Sabrina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo develop a model of understanding of how rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects daily life based on a third‐order interpretation of qualitative findings.BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition subject to a progressive deterioration of joints, limiting the ability to move and causing severe impairment in patients' lives.DesignA qualitative metasynthesis.MethodsCINHAL, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies applying appropriate criteria. Screening and selection of studies were performed following the PRISMA guidelines and the PRISMA checklist was completed. Thirty‐eight qualitative articles were retrieved: in total, 17 were excluded for failing to meet inclusion criteria, and 21 were considered for synthesis. Data analysis followed a third‐order interpretation of data for synthesising qualitative research.ResultsFindings led to the creation of a model consisting of two overarching categories: “rheumatoid arthritis impact on life domains” and “Confronting the illness,” and two cross‐sectional codes: “Health” and “Independence and normality.”ConclusionThis meta‐study provides a model that is both inclusive of participants' own viewpoint and solidly grounded in a health psychology model.Relevance to clinical practiceThe model can be highly informative for both practitioners and researchers in developing tailored interventions of support and prevention.
Domestic host availability modifies human‐triatomine contact and host shifts of the Chagas disease vector Triatoma infestans in the humid Argentine Chaco
Authors: Ordóñez‐Krasnowski P. C. , Lanati L. A. , Gaspe M. S. , Cardinal M. V. , Ceballos L. A. , Gürtler R. E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDomestic animals may affect human‐vector contact and parasite transmission rates. We investigated the relationships between host‐feeding choices, site‐specific host availability, bug nutritional status, stage and abundance of Triatoma infestans Klug (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) in rural houses of Pampa del Indio during spring. We identified the bloodmeal sources of 865 triatomines collected in 70 sites from four main ecotopes. The main sources in domiciles were human (65.9%), chicken (23.4%) and dog (22.4%); dog (64.4%, 35.3%) and chicken (33.1%, 75.4%) in kitchens and storerooms, respectively; and chicken (94.7%) in chicken coops. Using random‐intercept logistic regression clustered by domicile, the fraction of human‐fed triatomines strongly decreased with increasing proportions of chicken‐ and dog‐fed bugs, dropping from 96.4% when no chicken or dog slept indoors at night to 59.4% when both did. The fraction of dog‐fed bugs significantly decreased with increasing human and chicken blood indices, and marginally increased with an indoor‐resting dog. Mixed blood meals occurred 3.62 times more often when a chicken or a dog slept indoors. Host blood source did not affect mean body weight adjusted for body length and bug stage. Indoor‐resting chickens and dogs greatly modified human‐bug contact rates, and may be targeted with long‐lasting systemic insecticides to suppress infestation.
Visual Narratives: Exploring the Impacts of Tourism Development in Placencia, Belize
Authors: Vitous Crystal Ann , Zarger Rebecca 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVisualizing environmental change is one way people experience ecological degradation and changes in land‐use practices. In Placencia, located in Belize, the intensity and scale of development has been increasing without participation by local populations. Through interviews and photovoice, we document the ways residents have encountered changing environments, in order to explore how global and local processes of uneven development intersect. Areas of concern included coastal erosion, dredging, and impacts to marine environments. Participants asserted the need for greater enforcement of environmental regulations and more equitable decision‐making practices related to land and resource ownership in the context of rapid development.
Factors associated with childhood vaccine hesitancy and measles vaccine hesitancy among healthcare students
Authors: Yörük Selda 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aims to determine the prevalence and causes of childhood vaccine and measles vaccine hesitancy and refusal among healthcare students in Turkey. The pool of this cross‐sectional study, which included 718 students, was made up of healthcare students from the Faculty of Health Sciences at Balikesir University (N = 960). It was determined that 10% of students surveyed were hesitant regarding childhood vaccines, while 11.8% were hesitant with regard to the measles vaccine, specifically. Many of the participants held the belief that chronic idiopathic diseases such as multiple sclerosis and autism are related to vaccines; they also believed that vaccines should not be mandatory. More alarming than this, however, was that in response to a question regarding the measles vaccine, many of the students responded that “I would not have my child vaccinated with the vaccines administered by the Ministry of Health if I had a child.” The findings revealed, overall, that the rates of childhood vaccine hesitancy and measles vaccine hesitancy are high among the healthcare students who were surveyed and that a high number of healthcare students hold negative attitudes that are related to rates of vaccine hesitancy.
Relationship between periodontal disease and male infertility: A case–control study
Authors: Tao Dan‐Ying , Zhu Jia‐Lin , Xie Chun‐Yu , Kuang Yan‐Ping , Chai Wei‐Ran , Lo Edward Chin Man , Ye Wei , Li Fei , Feng Xi‐Ping , Lu Hai‐Xia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the prevalence of chronic periodontitis between men who had semen abnormalities and those who had normozoospermia through a case–control study.Materials and MethodsMale patients who visited the assisted reproduction clinic of a large general hospital and were diagnosed with semen abnormalities were included in the case group. The control group was composed of patients of the same clinic with normozoospermia. The semen analysis included sperm concentration, count and progressive and total motility, which were measured in the laboratory. A questionnaire and clinical periodontal examination were conducted for all participants. Logistic regression was performed to explore the relationship between chronic periodontitis and male infertility.ResultsA total of 192 participants were included: 63 participants (32.8%) had some type of semen abnormality (case group), while 129 participants (67.2%) had normozoospermia (control group). The case group had a significantly higher prevalence of moderate/severe periodontitis than the control group (33.3% vs. 17.8%, p = .012). The logistic regression showed that participants who had moderate/severe periodontitis had a greater chance of having semen abnormalities after adjusting for other confounding factors (OR = 3.377, p = .005).ConclusionsPeriodontitis is associated with semen abnormalities and sperm motility in men.