bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Actitud emprendedora de los jóvenes españoles en un contexto de crisis
Authors: Ortiz García Pilar 
Published: December 2020

El emprendimiento ha despertado un gran interés en los últimos años. Éste responde a la necesidad deÂ dinamizar el empleo, especialmente en economías como la española, con altos niveles de desempleo enÂ un período de crisis que va desde 2007 hasta la actualidad. Por esta razón, resulta de especial relevanciaÂ analizar la actitud de los jóvenes españoles ante el emprendimiento empresarial, objetivo de este artículo. ElÂ estudio utiliza una metodología cuantitativa para analizar los microdatos de la encuesta de ámbito nacionalÂ del Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas: “Actitudes de la juventud española ante el emprendimiento”,Â realizada mediante entrevista personal en domicilio a una muestra de 1.437 jóvenes, del universo poblacionalÂ compuesto por personas de ambos sexos entre 15 y 29 años en España. La Teoría del Capital Social ”“Â colectivo e individual- sirve como marco para un análisis cuyos resultados evidencian que los jóvenesÂ españoles poseen unos “capitales” débiles, lo que marca una actitud reacia al emprendimiento. La conclusiónÂ es que la socialización de los jóvenes en un mercado de trabajo marcado por la inestabilidad en el empleo,Â debilita los capitales sociales que inducen al emprendimiento y la asunción de riesgos y, por el contrario,Â promueve una actitud conservadora en el trabajo.
Banca comercial e intermediación financiera. Período 1989-1994
Authors: Taborda Larreal Alberto , Lugo de Nava Mariana 
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal el análisis del comportamiento de la Banca Comercial y su función de intermediario financiero en un contexto de Crisis Financiera. Para lograr dicho objetivo fue escogida la serie cronológica 1989-1994, por considerarse ésta como el período de aceleración de la crisis financiera venezolana. La metodología aplicada consistió en la revisión del material documental con el fin de fijar posiciones teóricas en relación al fenómeno de la crisis financiera, posteriormente se procedió a realizar un análisis vertical de los estados financieros consolidados de la Banca Comercial, para determinar la estructura porcentual de las partidas que conforman dichos estados, igualmente fueron seleccionados algunos ratios financieros de acuerdo al método CAMEL (Capital, Activos, Gerencia, Rentabilidad y Liquidez). Las conclusiones de la investigación fueron las siguientes: La aplicación del programa económico de ajuste en el año 1989 y el proceso de liberación financiera constituyeron el factor desencadenante de la crisis financiera venezolana. Durante el período considerado (1989- 1994), se observó un marcado deterioro enÂ el índice de intermediación financiera y un aumento en la participación porcentual de la carta de inversiones en el activo total, lo que implicó un cambio en el rol principal de la Banca Comercial de intermediario financiero a inversionistas.
América Latina: Una región en riesgo. Pobreza e inequidad.
Authors: Kliksberg Bernardo 
Published: December 2020

Â En el presente estudio se muestra el impacto que tiene el círculo perverso de la pobreza, conformado por familias pobres con educación incompleta y desocupación, como uno de los factores que más ha incidido para que en Centroamérica sean pobres el 75% de los guatemaltecos; el 73% de los hondureños; el 68% de los nicaragüenses y el 53% de los salvadoreños. En otros países como Venezuela, las estimaciones indican que es pobre el 80% de la población; y en países catalogados de mayor desarrollo relativo como Argentina la tasa de pobreza en las provincias del noroeste se ubica en 48.8%, por lo que la pobreza viene a constituir uno de los problemas más acusiantes de final del milenio e inicios del nuevo siglo ya que las causas de este fenómeno son múltiples e interrelacionadas, y combatirlas efectivamente requiere estudios y propuestas intersectoriales que permitan que extensos sectores de la población tengan acceso a bienes básicos como agua potable, instalaciones sanitarias, electricidad, salud, trabajo, educación. Todos estos problemas no se dan aisladamente, tienen profundas interrelaciones que van conformando círculos perversos regresivos que desembocan en la exclusión social.
TEACHER’S COMMUNICATION MASTERSHIP: GROUNDWORK AND IMPLICATION TO PEDAGOGY SKILL FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING
Authors: Batubara M. Daud , Nurbianta Nurbianta 
Published: December 2020

Basically, this research was to evaluate the learners respond about the teacher’s communication skill role in their success of academic. Hence, the goal of this research was to determine the extent of teacher’s communication skill at STAIN Mandailing Natal, North Sumatra. To ensure effective teacher treatment, effective communication skill plays role important. To this purpose the extent to which a teacher practice the communication skill in teaching and learning process. This research was performed by using survey, the researcher distributed questionnaire to collect data needed to obtain the role of communication mastership in intensify teacher's pedagogy skill. The design was quantitative descriptive research. The population consists of 494 students of Islamic Education Department major, meanwhile the sample size of 32 students at the 6th semester was randomly selected. The instrument was questionnaires as data taker tool & weighted mean. To interpret the weighted mean for each indicators, the Likert-type scale and finding of this research was average shows effective
DETERMINANTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND ITS IMPLICATION ON TURNOVER INTENTION AT THE FOODHALL IN DKI JAKARTA PROVINCE
Authors: Husainah Nazifah , Madiistriyatno Harries 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of organizational culture, career development, compensation and organizational commitment partially or simultaneously on employee turnover intention. The population in this study amounted to 1,982 employees at twenty-five outlets of The Foodhall in DKI Jakarta Province, with a total sample of 355 respondents. The research method used in this research is descriptive and explanatory survey methods. The sampling method is probability sampling with proportional random sampling technique, and the data analysis method used is SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with data analysis tools Lisrel 8.80. Based on the research results obtained the following findings: organizational culture, career development, and compensation partially and simultaneously have a significant effect on organizational commitment with a contribution of 58%. Partially career development which is reflected in career doubt has a positive and dominant effect on organizational commitment. Organizational culture, career development, compensation and organizational commitment either partially or simultaneously have a significant effect on employee turnover intention with a contribution of 81%. Partially, organizational commitment has the most dominant influence on employee turnover intentions. The results also show that organizational commitment is a fully mediating variable on the influence of organizational culture, career development, and compensation on employee turnover intention. The managerial implication of this research is that the turnover intention of The Foodhall's employees in Jakarta, which is reflected in the dimension of stopping work, will decrease if The Foodhall in Jakarta is able to increase organizational commitment which is reflected in sustainable commitment, while organizational commitment will increase if The Foodhalls in Jakarta can improve career development. employees who are reflected in career doubts which are supported by an increase in organizational culture which is reflected in the dimensions of results orientation and also supported by an increase in compensation given to employees which is reflected in the high level of indirect compensation.
ANALISIS LIKUIDITAS DAN PROFITABILITAS UNTUK MENILAI KINERJA KEUANGAN PT. KIMIA FARMA (PERSERO) TBK TAHUN 2014 - 2019
Authors: Wijayanti Erna 
Published: December 2020

Untuk memperoleh laba yang optimal perusahaan harus memiliki strategi dan inovasi baru untuk memenangkan pasar serta melakukan penilaian kinerja terutama pada keuangan. Perusahaan perlu memperhatikan bagaimana kinerja keuangan mereka selama ini, hal ini dikarenakan kinerja keuangan dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai kondisi perusahaan serta dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam mengambil keputusan baik dari pihak internal maupun eksternal, untuk dapat menilai kondisi keuangan maka di perlukan beberapa alat ukur yang bisa dijadikan acuan,salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan analisa rasio, berdasarkan masalah yang akan diteliti, maka tujuan dalam makalah ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kinerja keuangan PT. Kimia Farma (Persero) Tbk dengan menggunakan analisa rasio likuditas dan profitabilitas
Lifestyle effects on telomeric shortening as a factor associated with biological aging: A systematic review
Authors: Espinosa-Otalora Raul Enrique , Flórez-Villamizar Jairo , Esteban-Pérez Clara Inés , Forero-Castro Maribel , Marín-Suarez Johana 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Telomeres are structures located at the chromosome ends, whose function is protecting DNA from attrition caused during cell division. Telomeric length serves as a mitotic clock, activating senescence and cellular cycle arrest when it reaches a shortening limit, which causes aging. Lifestyle is a factor that can affect telomeric shortening. Unhealthy habits have been linked to accelerated telomeric shortening, while healthy lifestyles are known to reduce this process and slow down aging. Current community has expressed an interest in improving lifestyle choices; however, an increase in unhealthy habits and chronic stressors have been seen. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to show the influence that different lifestyles have on telomeric length. METHODS: The review was carried out following the PRISMA statement in three databases. Twenty-eight research articles and nine review articles were reviewed, identifying six main lifestyles habits. RESULTS: Regular moderate-vigorous physical activity, dietary patterns rich in vegetables and antioxidants, and the stress control techniques were related to greater telomeric lengths and improvements in the oxidative response by reducing the levels of oxidative stress markers. On the contrary, stress, obesity, smoking, and alcoholism showed a negative effect of shorter telomeres, which can be a factor of early aging. CONCLUSION: The previous demonstrates the influences of lifestyles on telomere shortening rates and aging, therefore they should be considered as areas of interest for future research, and personal and community health improvement.
Silver Trauma- a true challenging entity
Authors: Chowdhury D. 
Published: December 2020

Historically trauma has been identified as the leading cause of death in the younger under 40’s population (1). However, with an aging population there is a higher incidence of trauma sustained in the elderly population. Silver trauma is defined as elderly patient of retirement age or over the age of 65 years. This has been taken into consideration when trauma guidelines have been incorporated. To name a few examples, the CCSR (Canadian C-spine rule) includes the at-risk population as those >/= 65 years of age in the context of potential cervical spine injury. In various major trauma trial tools, the >65 years of age group are considered to be a high risk of deteoriation group. Through clinical practice clinicians have noted that in this group of patients’ injuries can be missed which would be detrimental to the overall outcome of these patients.
Through this article I aim to highlight the main issues that make the initial management of the elderly trauma patient at times challenging. Furthermore, suggestion for potential management strategies will also be highlighted.
Interval and Point Direction Finding of Radio Emission Sources for Broadband Radio Monitoring
Authors: Shevchenko M. E. , Malyshev V. N. , Sokolov S. S. , Gorovoy A. V. , Soloviev S. N. , Stenukov N. S. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The point and interval direction finding of radio sources is used for broadband radio monitoring in the frequency domain. The initial data for broadband radio monitoring are spectral samples obtained from an M-element antenna array by multichannel reception. Point direction finding is based on a grouping of point estimates of azimuth and elevation angle formed for each frequency sample, in which signal components are detected. A single estimate of azimuth and elevation angle is made based on the grouped point estimates in the range of neighbouring frequency samples. Interval direction finding is based on the azimuth and elevation estimates formed entirely from the interval of adjacent frequency samples, in which the signal components are found, and the subsequent refinement of frequency sample interval boundaries for each radio source in multisignal mode by spatial selection methods. Point direction finding is mainly implemented in single-signal mode in modern operating broadband radio monitoring complexes, while the multi-signal mode based on MUSIC or ESPRIT is implemented in the time domain in a narrow frequency band.Aim. Development and investigation of methods for point and interval direction finding in multi-signal mode, as well as development of recommendations for their practical application in multi-signal and single-signal modes.Methods. Multi-signal mode for point and interval direction finding was implemented using MUSIC and ESPRIT. An experimental study of the developed direction finding methods in single-signal and multi-signal (on ESPRIT) modes with overlapping signal spectra was carried out by processing the recorded real signals. The records were made using a seven-channel coherent synchronous receiver connected to a seven-element 60° angle antenna array.Results. The research results are presented by frequency-azimuth panoramas and estimates of the amplitude spectra of separated signals and direction finding accuracy indicators.Conclusion. It was experimentally demonstrated that point direction finding should be used in single-signal mode provided the absence of information on the number of signals in the observed data. Interval direction finding is recom-mended in multi-signal mode for improving the accuracy and real-time feasibility of the process.
Detection Characteristics of the Parametric Method of Signal Processing in a Sparse Antenna Array of a Transportable Decameter Range Radar
Authors: Kutuzov V. M. , Ovchinnikov M. A. , Vinogradov E. A. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. The possibility of application of modified parametric methods of spatial signal processing in a sparse antenna array (SEAA) of the receiving position of transportable over-the-horizon decameter range radar (DRR) intended for all-weather remote monitoring of the shelf zone is considered in this paper. With an operational deployment of DRR on unprepared coast, problems of the equidistant location of antenna elements (AEs) often arise. In the case of nonequidistant AEs location and matched spatial processing, antenna pattern has interference sidelobes, which level can significantly exceed the allowable or calculated one for an equidistant AA. A well-known alternative to matched processing are parametric methods of spectral analysis based on the using of models with a finite number of parameters, but their direct application requires an equidistant sampling of the spatial signal.Aim. The aim of the research is to develop and analyze the method of parametric processing of spatial signals of the SEAA which AEs are located on the line with a random step in the range from λ/2 to several λ, where λ is the DRR wavelength.Materials and methods. To construct the detection characteristics (DC) computer modeling in the MatLab environment, the reliability of which was confirmed by the construction of known and theoretically calculated DC, was used.Results. The developed method includes a procedure of restoring (synthesizing) of artificial signal of equidistant AA with subsequent application of Burg parametric algorithm to obtain an estimate of the angular spatial frequency spectrum. To prove the applicability of the parametric method of SEAA signals processing in the case of location signals detecting, DC were obtained and compared with optimal ones.Conclusions. The obtained results have proved the suboptimality of the parametric method of SEAA signal processing at the random AEs spacing step lying in the range from λ/2 to 3λ, what makes it possible to recommend it for using in transportable DRRs.
Selection of the Material for the Sensitive Elements of SAW-based Accelerometers
Authors: Shevchenko S. Yu. , Mikhailenko D. A. , Lukyanov D. P. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. At the present, sensors based on surface acoustic waves (SAW) is a rapidly developing direction and a promising replacement for classical sensors, especially in those areas where long-term performance of latter is questionable. The principle of operation of SAW sensors is based on acoustic vibrations, therefore, the choice of piezoelectric material of а console, considering external influences on a future device and its operating conditions, is the most important task. Currently, many monocrystalline structures and their sections have been synthesized and created for the devices using SAW. The main materials used for the manufacture of substrates are crystals of quartz (SiO2), lithium niobate (LiNbO3), lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) and film aluminum nitride (AlN). Also, new crystal structures: langasite (La3Ga5SiO14), langatate (La3Ga5.5Ta0.5O14), langanite and others were produced. The problem of using such materials for the manufacture of consoles is the lack of systematized data on important characteristics for the propagation of surfactants, for example, the elasticity tensor of the 4th rank. One of the key problems for the further development of SAW-based sensors is the one-way fastening of rectangular and triangular sensitive elements (SE) in sensor housing. In order to overcome the above drawback an MMA surfactant thing based on a membrane SE for a more uniform distribution of a load over the surface of the SE was proposed.Aim. To show the advantages of using AlN as the SE material of a ring wave resonator on SAW.Materials and methods. The theoretical part of the research was carried out using the finite element method. Mathematical processing was implemented in AutoCAD 2019 and in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.4.Results. The use of AlN, which acts as the SE material for measuring an acceleration based on SAW was proposed. The proposed solution was compared with existing prototypes based on the use of SiO2 / LiNbO3 membranes, which were characterized by strong anisotropic properties. A 3D model of the SE of a ring wave resonator on surface waves was created. Using computer simulations and COMSOL Multiphysics software, it was shown that the thing was capable to withstand exposures in excess of 10 000 g, and an isotropic AlN sensor overcomed the limitations of both the low sensitivity of SiO2 and the low temperature stability of LiNbO3. AlN demonstrated almost double resistance to irreversible mechanical deformations as compared to SiO2, which, in turn, allows an additional 1.5-fold increase in sensitivity compared to quartz – based sensors.Conclusion. Based on the data obtained by the modeling, it can be concluded that the use of AIN as SE material is promising, especially for measuring high acceleration values, but with restrictions on temperature sensitivity of the material.
La disclosure sulla corporate governance nei gruppi, strumento di tutela di interessi diffusi. Un'analisi critica nel contesto italiano
Authors: Fellegara Anna Maria , Tibiletti Veronica , Marchini Pier Luigi 
Published: December 2020

Nella normativa nazionale, il concetto di gruppo aziendale non è precisamente definito. Di conseguenza, il riconoscimento dei confini di gruppo non è sempre immediato, il che può implicare difficoltà nell'individuazione delle responsabilità delle scelte economiche assunte al suo interno. Tale circostanza può danneggiare gli interessi dei soci di minoranza. Con riferimento a questi temi, in Italia sono state introdotte regole volte a rendere maggiormente trasparenti gli assetti proprietari nei gruppi aziendali. Gli autori si propongono di analizzare qualità ed efficacia della comunicazione in tema didei gruppi aziendali, con particolare riferimento agli effetti prodotti dalla normativa in materia di direzione e coordinamento di società.
Il ruolo dei competitor nell'orientamento delle politiche di comunicazione economico finanziaria
Authors: Cerbioni Fabrizio , Menini Andrea 
Published: December 2020

Il lavoro si propone di analizzare il ruolo svolto dai competitor sulle politiche comunicative delle imprese. In particolare, si concentra sulle principali forze competitive che influenzano lae sui processi imitativi (). Vengono considerati due particolari tipi di: il leader ined il leader in dimensione per verificare la presenza di processi di imitazione informativa e reputazionale. I principali risultati confermano le ipotesi di comportamenti imitativi intrasettoriali e evidenziano un trend di omogeneizzazione delle politiche di comunicazione.
Analisis Penerapan Syariah Pembiayaan Rahn Emas
Authors: Widiyani Eka , Khotjah Siti Afidatul 
Published: December 2020

Abstract: This study aims to determine whether the principles of sharia are applied and the financing of gold in the Sharia Pawnshop Mertoyudan Branch Office, whether it is in accordance with sharia principles in accordance with the established rules. This study uses qualitative methods using primary data, namely through direct interviews with the parties concerned and observation. In addition to primary data as well as secondary data taken through books, journals, internet, and previous research, the data obtained are not numbers but information related to this research. The result of this research is that the gold rahn financing in sharia pawnshops uses a combination of two contracts, namely the rahn contract and the ijarah contract. The ijarah rates set are based on the size of the loan. The legal basis used is based on Al-Qura'an Surat Al-Baqarah ([2]: 283), Bukhari Muslim's Hadith, and the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council No.25 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002. The auction system implemented in the Sharia Pawnshop Mertoyudan Branch Office is in accordance with the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council No.25 / DSN-MUI / III / 2002 regarding rahn, but the status of gold rahn collateral is still questionable whether it is in accordance with sharia principles or not yet because the Mertoyudan Branch Office Sharia Pawnshop doesn't pay attention to the status of the collateral.
Keywords: Gold Rahn, Sharia Principles, Financing.