bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Revision Surgeries and Revision Rate on Quality Indicators in Certified Centres for Joint Replacement (EndoProthetikZentren)
Authors: Osmanski-Zenk Katrin , Klinder Annett , Haas Holger , Mittelmeier Wolfram 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The annual report of EndoCert publishes the results of the quality indicators (QI) and key figures of all certified centres for joint replacement (EndoProthetikZentren – EPZ). For some results it seems that centres with fewer revisions might have higher complication rates. However, to avoid misinterpretation the results have to be evaluated in more detail. The influence of the quantity of the revisions or the revision quotient on the quality of outcome was investigated.
Material and Methods This study included all certified EPZ and centres of excellence for joint replacement (EPXmax) (n = 492) and evaluated the data from 2016. Centres beyond the action limit were identified with the help of funnel plots and a confidence limit of 99.7% as action limit. Additionally data of the quality indicators were analysed with ANCOVA. The level of significance was p < 0.05.
Results The comparison by ANCOVA with number of revisions as co-variate showed no differences in the complication rates when related to the quantity of revisions. When considering a so called revision quotient (ratio of revision to all joint replacements) significant differences in the rate of fractures and fissures as well as in mortality for hip replacements and also in mortality for knee replacements were observed.
Conclusion EPZ with fewer revisions do not have higher complication rates than centers with high numbers of revisions. Thus, the quantity of revisions has no influence on the quality of the outcome, considering that on the basis of the data of the EndoCert system no risk adjustment of patient-specific data was performed. Therefore the revisioin quotient of an EPZ shows that quantity is not equal with quality.
Die Bedeutung der niedrig dosierten Radon-Speläo- und Balneotherapie in der Behandlung von rheumatischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Ritter Markus , Gaisberger Martin 
Published: February 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie niedrig dosierte Radon-Balneo- und Speläotherapie sind seit langem als effiziente Behandlungsformen etabliert und haben sich als therapeutische Optionen bei rheumatischen Erkrankungen bewährt. Radon ist ein natürlich vorkommendes radioaktives Edelgas, das in der Lage ist, analgetische und entzündungshemmende Wirkungen zu erzielen. Die Behandlung kann in Form von Bädern, im Dunstbad oder in einem Heilstollen erfolgen. Die Wirksamkeit ist empirisch und durch klinische Studien belegt. Eine Besonderheit ist die ausgesprochene Nachhaltigkeit der erzielten Verbesserungen, die zumeist über viele Monate anhalten. Dies trifft für den Schmerz, aber auch die Gelenkfunktion, die Lebensqualität und den reduzierten Schmerzmittelbedarf zu. Zudem mehren sich die Studien, welche die molekularen, zellulären und systemischen Wirkungen der Niedrigdosis-Radontherapie offenlegen und diese in einen (patho)physiologisch-klinischen Kontext setzten. Wenn auch die therapiebedingte Strahlenbelastung gering ist, kann ein kanzerogenes Risiko nach derzeitigem Wissensstand nicht explizit ausgeschlossen werden. Strenge ärztliche Indikationsstellung und eine Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung sind daher unabdingbar.
Evaluation of the Effects of Peritoneal Lavage with Rosmarinus officinalis Extract against the Prevention of Postsurgical-Induced Peritoneal Adhesion
Authors: Roohbakhsh Yasamin , Baradaran Rahimi Vafa , Silakhori Samaneh , Rajabi Hamed , Rahmanian-Devin Pouria , Samzadeh-Kermani Alireza , Rakhshandeh Hassan , Hasanpour Maede , Iranshahi Mehrdad , Mousavi Seyed Hadi , Askari Vahid Reza 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPostoperative adhesions are regarded as the major complication following abdominal surgery. Rosmarinus officinalis has shown antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we aimed to assess the influence of 70% v/v hydro-ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of R. officinalis against postoperative abdominal adhesions in a rat model. Forty-eight male Wistar rats (190 ± 20 g) were divided into six groups of eight: group 1 = normal group, without any surgical procedures, group 2 = control group, group 3 = vehicle group, and groups 3, 4, and 5 = experimental groups receiving 2 mL of 4, 2, or 1% w/v R. officinalis treatment. Adhesion levels were macroscopically examined. Additionally, the levels of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and TNF-α), growth factors (transforming growth factor-β1, and vascular endothelial growth factor), oxidative (NO, nitric oxide and MDA, malondialdehyde), and antioxidative (GSH, glutathione) factors were evaluated. Our results revealed that the adhesion score, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, TNF-α, transforming growth factor-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor, NO, and MDA levels were significantly increased in the vehicle group, while the GSH level was diminished. R. officinalis treatment notably ameliorated the adhesion score following postoperative abdominal adhesions compared with the vehicle group. Our results also revealed that R. officinalis markedly reduced inflammatory cytokines, oxidative factors, fibrosis, and angiogenesis biomarkers, whereas it increased the antioxidative factor. Therefore, R. officinalis may be a potential candidate for the management of postoperative peritoneal adhesion.
Laboratory Tests for the Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile
Authors: Carroll Karen C. , Mizusawa Masako 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Clostridium (reclassified as “Clostridioides”) difficile is an anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium that causes significant disease through elaboration of two potent toxins in patients whose normal gut microbiota has been altered through antimicrobial or chemotherapeutic agents (dysbiosis). The optimum method of laboratory diagnosis is still somewhat controversial. Recent practice guidelines published by professional societies recommend a two-step approach beginning with a test for glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), followed by a toxin test and/or a nucleic acid test. Alternatively, in institutions where established clinical algorithms guide testing, a nucleic acid test alone is acceptable. Nucleic acid tests are the methods of choice in approximately 50% of laboratories in the United States. These tests are considered as the most sensitive methods for detection of C. difficile in stool and are the least specific. Because of the lower specificity with nucleic acid tests, some clinicians believe that toxin enzyme immunoassays are better predictors of disease, despite their known poor performance in certain patient populations. This review will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the currently available test methods for the diagnosis of C. difficile with a brief mention of some novel assays that are currently in clinical trials.
Immigrants and Syrian refugees in the Turkish press
Authors: Doğanay Ülkü 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the way in which news reports and op-eds published in daily newspapers in Turkey handle the issues of asylum and refugees. The paper aims at revealing the patterns of discriminatory discourses towards refugees and also seeks an answer to the question of how much a discourse that will facilitate the acceptance of refugees and that will help them to be perceived as equipped with public rights finds a place in the Turkish press. The study examines the newspaper discourse on matters of immigration and asylum that is built within the news reports and op-eds of 7 national and 7 local newspapers from 1 June 2017 to 30 November 2018. The texts were first subjected to content analysis and then the selected news reports were treated based on the main components of the news discourse.
A variational approach to relativistic superfluid vortex elasticity
Authors: Andersson N , Wells S , Comer G L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
It is well known that a superfluid rotates by forming an array of quantized vortices. A relativistic formulation for superfluid vortex dynamics is required for a range of problems in astrophysics and cosmology, from neutron star interiors and radio pulsar glitches to possible dark matter condensates on galactic scales. This paper develops a formalism for such systems, extending the well-established variational approach to relativistic fluids to account for the presence of a collection of quantized vortices. The model is firmly anchored in the geometry of the problem (drawing on aspects from basic string dynamics) and accounts for elastic aspects associated with a vortex array, providing a precise foundation for applications which have so far been based on somewhat ad hoc phenomenology.
Heterodyne interferometry at ultra-high frequencies with frequency-offset-locked semiconductor lasers
Authors: Kowarsch Robert , Rembe Christian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Modern broadband telecommunications require microelectromechanical filters which mechanically vibrate at ultra-high frequencies up to several gigahertz. Heterodyne interferometers, so-called laser-Doppler vibrometers (LDVs), provide a sensitive and contactless measurement technique for vibrations in such filters, but are limited in GHz heterodyning by the efficiency drop of acousto-optic frequency shifters. Heterodyning by frequency-offset locking of two lasers in an optoelectronic phase-locked loop (OPLL) overcomes this limitation. This is demonstrated with our LDV setup with heterodyning up to

1.4

G
H
z

via offset locking of two semiconductor lasers at visible wavelength. The experiments show a vibration-amplitude resolution of less than

1

p
m

per

H
z

for frequencies higher than

50

M
H
z

up to

700

M
H
z

. The bandwidth is only limited by our photodetectors. This amplitude resolution already qualifies our LDV for vibration measurement of microelectromechanical filters at ultra-high frequencies. We present a comprehensive model for the vibration-amplitude resolution of a LDV with this technique including the laser linewidths, the OPLL transfer function, and interferometer delays. The experiments with our LDV validate the model predictions from numerical simulations. Finally, we discuss the collapse of the heterodyne carrier at vanishing mutual coherence due to interferometer delays, the transition to shot-noise-limited detection, and provide design recommendations.
Spray drop measurements using depth from defocus
Authors: Zhou Wu , Tropea Cameron , Chen Benting , Zhang Yukun , Luo Xu , Cai Xiaoshu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Sprays are typically characterised by providing local drop size and velocity distributions and number density. The present work examines the possibility of obtaining such information using backlight photography, whereby two cameras are employed and the size and position of each imaged drop is obtained using a depth from defocus approach. A simple algorithm for estimating size and position from the two camera images is introduced and the sensitivity of this algorithm to various system parameters is investigated with simulations using synthetic images, measurements from a calibration facility, and measurements conducted in a sparse spray. Comparison measurements using the analysis of focused images are provided.
Validation of [99mTc]Tc-DTPA radiochemical testing method using one-system paper chromatography
Authors: Putra Amal Rezka , Lestary Enny , Maskur Maskur , Tahyan Yayan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Kidney failure is a degenerative disease that has a prevalence of nearly 12 to 15% of the total population in the world. Renal scans are one of many diagnostic means which refers to several examinations using radiopharmaceuticals that evaluate the function and anatomy of the kidneys. Technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepetaacetic acid ([99Tc]Tc-DTPA) is a commonly used radiopharmaceutical for kidney scans. Since the half-life of technetium-99m radioisotope, one component of this radiopharmaceutical, is only about 6.0 hours, so an efficient and effective quality control techniques is a necessity. Up to now, two-systems thin layer chromatography (TLC) is a common method used for radiochemical purity (RCP) test of [99mTc]Tc-DTPA. Recently one-system TLC has been successfully developed for this purpose. Therefore prior to its application, it is necessary to validate as well to compare this method with an established method (WHO Pharmacopoeia). These methods were two-system used Whatman-1 paper as static phase and methyl ethyl ketone (two-system-A) and 0.9% sodium chloride (two-system-B) as mobile phases and one-system used Whatman-1 paper as static phase and acetone: 0.9% sodium chloride (11:9) as a mobile phase. RCP of [99mTc]Tc-DTPA was then tested using these methods. The retrieved data were processed and validated with some variables like accuracy, precision, and compared using t-test to see whether the above-mentioned TLC systems show a significant difference or not. The analysis results of RCP test of [99mTc]Tc-DTPA using two-system method was 99.37± 0.48% while using one-system method was 99.20 ± 0.41%. The percentage accuracy of the data between two methods was 99.83%. The t-stat value for both methods was 0.84 so it can be concluded that the results of measurement using one-system method are not significantly different from two-system method.
Quality assurance and quality control at dose calibrator to support nuclear medicine services
Authors: Nazaroh  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
One of the most important factors in health services is the quality and speed of service. However, the speed of service must be supported by the quality of service. Quality is often used as a benchmark and differentiator for a health service. Therefore, all producers and providers of health services must looking for ways to maintain and improve their quality. In this paper quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) will be presented at the dose calibrator (DC) to support nuclear medicine services. DC is a very useful tool for measuring radiopharmaceutical activity / dose (which will be given to patients) for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. For accurate measurements, DC must be calibrated routinely, must pay attention to electronic factors, statistical considerations, ion recombination, background radiation, the source and volume container effects, source position, source adsorption, pure beta transmitter measurements and the presence of contaminants. One of the successes of patient care in nuclear medicine (NM) is by giving accurate doses, according to the type of cancer, the volume and severity of cancer cells. Accurate doses can be achieved by implementing QA and QC at DC, which starts from the calibration stage, checks stability, linearity, and pays attention to parameters that can affect measurement. The aim is to ensure that the measurement results meet the requirements and quality standards set. There are 5 parameters that can support QC implementation, namely PC3M: Person, Chain, Machine, Material and Method. If one of these 5 parameters is missing then QC cannot be implemented.
Characterization of porosity inside limestone as a reservoir of oil using neutron tomography
Authors: Bharoto B. , Ramadhani A. , Akbar F. , Sukaryo S. G. , Priyanto T. H. , Kurniati M. , Fadhila F. A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
As it is well known, limestone is a type of sedimentary rock that has a function as a reservoir of oil and gas. One of the factors that affect fluid saturation of the reservoir is the distribution of porosity inside the limestone that represents a percentage of the total available space for the oil and gas to fill in. Since hydrogen and carbon have strong attenuation to the thermal neutron, the oil-filled in the porosity can be investigated by the neutron tomography technique. Therefore, neutron tomography can be used to visualize the distribution of the porosity of the limestone. In this work, we report the characterization of the porosity inside the limestone obtained from the oil and petroleum gas institution of Indonesia using the neutron tomography technique. Characterization of the porosity using X-ray tomography technique also has been done in order to compare the results. The results show the neutron tomography technique is useful to visualize and characterize the porosity inside the limestone.
Synthesis TiO2-Ag thin film by DC Sputtering method for dye degradation
Authors: Andriyanti Wiwien , Nurfiana Fifi , Sari Anisa Novita , Kundari Noor Anis , Aziz Ihwanul 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Titanium dioxide (T1O2) is well known as the most active and stable semiconductor as an environmentally friendly photocatalytic material to degrade pollutants in aqueous and gas. In this research, TiO2 thin film was synthesized on a stainless steel surface using DC sputtering method. To enhance the photocatalytic activity, the TiO2 thin film was doped with a silver (Ag) also using DC sputtering method. The surface morphology, chemical composition, and crystal structure of the thin film were characterized using scanning electron microscopy –energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and X-rays diffraction (XRD), respectively. Based on SEM-EDX analysis, it’s found that the content of silver (Ag) is 10.5 % weight or 2.56 % at.. This condition was achieved for 2 minutes of deposition time. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 and TiO2-Ag thin film was studied using UV light and sunlight. As a model pollutant, it’s used methylene blue. It’s found that, if the film exposure using UV light, the absorbance for TiO2 film is 35.85 % and 64.26 % for TiO2-Ag thin film. If the film exposure using sunlight, the absorbance for TiO2 film is 17.5 % and 76.74 % for TiO2-Ag thin film. It can be concluded that the effect of Ag doping can enhance the photocatalytic activity of the thin film.
Indoor Radon measurements in Madura dwellings
Authors: Wahyudi  , Winarni I D , Wiyono M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Indoor radon concentration in Madura Island region, East Java Province, has been mapped and determined. The obtained data is useful for health policies of radon in Indonesia and can be used as internationally baseline data through UNSCEAR, IAEA, and WHO. The mapping process has been done using a grid system of 20 km x 20 km, where on each grid there are 5-10 passive radon detectors using CR-39 installed in the houses for 3 to 4 months. After the exposure time, the detector CR-39 is etched using a 6,25 N NaOH solution at 70 °C in the oven for 7 hours to grow traces of alpha particles from radon. The imprints are read using a microscope with 400x magnification. The number of trace amounts of alpha particles in CR-39 shows the amount of radon concentration in the house. It was found that radon concentrations on Madura Island were in the range of 15.11 ± 1.07 Bq m − 3 to 126.93 ± 8.98 Bq m − 3 with an average of 58.74 ± 4.15 Bq m − 3. Radon concentration data in the house and GPS location were then entered into MapInfo Software v.10.5 for a radon distribution map. This research obtains the Regional Map of radon in Madura Island as a part of the indoor radon map in Indonesia.
Effect of drought stress on morphological, anatomical, and physiological characteristics of Cempo Ireng Cultivar Mutant Rice (Oryza sativa l.) strain 51 irradiated by gamma-ray
Authors: Patmi Y S , Pitoyo A , Solichatun  , Sutarno  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Drought stress is a factor that affects plant growth and development, both in terms of morphology, anatomy, and physiology. Mutant Oryza sativa L. strain 51 of Cempo Ireng cultivar as the result of gamma-ray irradiation is superior mutant black rice strain which has a faster planting period of 10-20 days than its control and shorter plant height. This study aims to determine the morphological, anatomical, and physiological responses, especially the proline content inside the leaves of mutant black rice strain 51. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with the treatment of drought stress using PEG 6000 in Yoshida liquid media. The seedlings were planted for 21 days in untreated media, then treated for 14 days. Observation of morphological characters was carried out by measuring plant height, root length, leaf area, and plant biomass. Observations of anatomical characters were carried out by observing the cross-section of the root. Observation of physiological character was carried out by measuring leaf proline levels. The results showed that drought stress with PEG 6000 inhibited the growth and development of mutant rice strain 51. Drought stress reduces plant height, root length, leaf area, plant biomass and the area of root aerenchyma. Proline leaf content increased significantly at a PEG concentration of 30%. Mutant rice strain 51 showed a tolerant response to drought stress with the significant increased of proline, the increased of root stele diameter and the constant number of metaxylem.
Analysis Distribution of 32P Radioisotope in Silicone Patch Using Autoradiography Scanner
Authors: Rahman Wira Y. , Sarmini Endang , Pujiyanto Anung 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Silicone patch has active ingredient of radioisotope Phosphorus-32 (32P) in the form of chromic phosphate (Cr32PO4). Radioisotope 32P is a β− (beta) emitter radionuclide with an energy of 1.71 MeV, having a half-life (T½) 14.3 days. A silicone patch with radioactive content of the radioisotope 32P has been used for keloid therapy. Radioisotope 32P as an active substance releases beta emitter continuously which causes the death of fibroblast and inhibits cell proliferation from keloid. In order to provide more optimal results, the distribution of chromic phosphate in silicone patches should be spread evenly. In this case, it provides a good therapeutic effect because of the energy of beta emitter is being released uniform. A chromic phosphate can be made from chromic acid reduction (redox) and phosphoric acid-containing radioisotope 32P by reducing Chrom VI to Chrom III using sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) reducing agent. In this study, we will determine the distribution of radioisotope 32P in silicone patches using an autoradiography scanner. Data from enumeration results were calculated statistically to obtain a relative standard deviation (RSD). The result shows that silicone patch sample has RSD of 0.036% with an average value of 14009482.6 ± 5041.4DLU (digital light unit) for lane and column size (10 x 14).
Qualitative Analysis of Long-Lived Residual Radioisotopes in 18 MeV Proton Bombarded Enriched Water Target
Authors: Kambali I , Suryanto H , Rajiman  , Parwanto  , Rindiyantono F , Billah A A , Pasha  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Residual radioisotope analysis as a result of cyclotron-based 18F production is of paramount importance since it relates to the radiation safety of patients as well as radiation workers. In this investigation, 18-MeV proton beams were employed to irradiate enriched water (H2
18O) target for 18F production while Talys Evaluated Nuclear Data Library (TENDL) 2017 were used to study the origins of the radionuclide impurities. Gamma rays emmitted by the residual radionuclides were detected using a gamma ray spectroscopic system following a month of decay while their origins were analyzed from the TENDL 2017 nuclear cross-section calculations. Experimental results indicated that several long-lived radionuclides such as 109Cd, 57Co, 57Ni, 58Co and 56Co were recorded by the gamma ray spectroscopic system. The long-lived residual radionuclides were presumably due to proton interactions with Havar window and Silver body. Using the TENDL 2017-calculated nuclear cross-sections, it was discovered that several nuclear reactions responsible for the residual radioisotopes include 109Ag(p,n)109Cd which corresponded to the generation of 109Cd radioisotope, 60Ni(p,α)57Co and 58Ni(p,2p)57Co reactions for the formation of 57Co, 58Ni(p,d)57Ni reaction for the production of 57Ni radioisotope, 58Fe(p,n)58Co reaction for the generation of 58Co, and 56Fe(p,n)56Co reaction for the formation of 56Co. This experimental result can be used as a reference for future production of 18F and other radioisotopes should Havar window and silver body are used in the target system.