bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistence of Zika virus RNA in the epididymis of the male reproductive tract
Authors: Vogt Megan B. , Frere Francesca , Hawks Seth A. , Perez Claudia E. , Coutermarsh-Ott Sheryl , Duggal Nisha K. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTZika virus (ZIKV) can infect developing fetusesin uteroand cause severe congenital defects. Thisin uterotransmission can occurs following ZIKV infection during pregnancy via sexual transmission or mosquito bite. Infected men may shed ZIKV RNA in semen for over six months post symptom onset, indicating that ZIKV may persistently infect the male reproductive tract (MRT). However, the site of persistent infection in the MRT and whether ZIKV can recrudesce in the MRT is unknown. We hypothesized that if ZIKV establishes a persistent infection in the MRT, then immunosuppressant treatment should stimulate ZIKV replication. We tested this hypothesis in a wild-type mouse model of ZIKV sexual transmission. Male mice were infected with ZIKV and immunosuppressed when they no longer shed infectious virus in their ejaculates. After immunosuppression, ejaculates and MRT tissues were monitored for infectious virus and ZIKV RNA. Our results show that ZIKV recrudescence did not occur following immunosuppression, as we did not detect significant levels of infectious virus in ejaculates or MRT tissues following immunosuppression. We did detect ZIKV RNA in the epididymides of mice treated with the immunosuppressant cyclophosphamide. Further analysis revealed that this ZIKV RNA was contained within the lumen of the epididymis. Our findings suggest that ZIKV persistently infects the epididymis within the male reproductive tract. This study provides insight into the mechanisms behind ZIKV sexual transmission, which may inform public health decisions regarding ZIKV risks.ImportanceZika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-transmitted virus that typically causes mild and self-limiting febrile illness in humans; however, during the recent epidemic of ZIKV in the Americas, severe birth defects, such as microcephaly and club foot, were reported in infants born to ZIKV infected mothers. Additionally, sexual transmission has been identified as a secondary method of ZIKV transmission. Since ZIKV can be isolated from semen of infected men long after initial infection, it is imperative to understand the mechanism(s) of ZIKV infection of the male reproductive tract to prevent sexual transmission and ZIKV-associated birth defects. The significance of our research is in identifying a site of persistent ZIKV infection in the male reproductive tract and in assessing the likelihood that a persistently infected individual will begin shedding infectious virus in semen again. This information will enhance our understanding of ZIKV sexual transmission and inform health decisions regarding ZIKV risks.
Function expansion of antitumor transcriptional activator NFE2L1 by the original discovery of its non-transcription factor activity
Authors: Lu Qiu , Qiufang Yang , Peng Li , Xiaowen Zhou , Yonghui Yang , Xiuman Zhou , Shanshan Gou , Wenjie Zhai , Guodong Li , Yonggang Ren , Wenshan Zhao , Yahong Wu , Yuanming Qi , Yanfeng Gao 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTAntitumor transcription activator NFE2L1, with the functions to regulate redox homeostasis, protein turnover, and material metabolism, plays an important role in embryonic development and specialization of tissue and organ functions. Deficiency ofNFE2L1gene in different regions yields distinct phenotypes, suggesting that NFE2L1 may have a transcription factor-independent function. Here we originally discovered the non-transcription factor activity of NFE2L1 by constructing a truncated protein-NFE2L1ΔCwithout 152 aa at the C-terminus which lost the transcription factor activity. The regulation of NFE2L1 on redox homeostasis, proteasome function, and immune response mainly depends on its transcription activator function in nucleus, while the regulation on metabolism, ribosome function, and canceration is germanely to its non-transcription factor activity in cytoplasm. Surprisingly, the results indicated the tumor suppressive effect of NFE2L1 by repression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in a non-transcription factor manner, indicating the potential value of NFE2L1 as a therapeutic target in clinical cancer treatment independent of its transcription factor activity. Our observations reveal the non-transcription factor activity of NFE2L1 for the first time, and lay foundation for the basic and applied research of NFE2L1.
Modulation of Transient receptor potential melastatin 3 by protons through its intracellular binding sites
Authors: Saad Md Zubayer Hossain , Xiang Liuruimin , Liao Yan-Shin , Reznikov Leah R. , Du Jianyang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTransient receptor potential melastatin 3 channel (TRPM3) is a calcium-permeable nonselective cation channel that plays an important role in modulating glucose homeostasis in the pancreatic beta cells. However, how TRPM3 is regulated under physiological and pathological conditions is poorly understood. In this study, we found that both intracellular and extracellular protons block TRPM3 through its intracellular binding sites. We demonstrated that external protons indirectly block TRPM3, whereas internal protons inhibit TRPM3 directly with an inhibitory pH50of 6.9 ± 0.11. We identified three titratable residues, D1059, D1062, and D1073, at the inner vestibule of the channel pore that contribute to pH sensitivity. The mutation of D1073Q reduces TRPM3 current intensity and pH sensitivity; Replacement of Asp 1073 by Gln 1073 changes the reduction of TRPM3 outward current by low external pH 5.5, from 62 ± 3 % in WT to 25 ± 6.0 % in D1073Q. These results indicate that D1073 is not only essential for intracellular pH sensitivity, but it is also crucial for TRPM3 channel gating. In addition, a single mutation of D1059 or D1062 enhances pH sensitivity. In summary, our findings provide a novel molecular determinant for pH regulation of TRPM3. The inhibition of TRPM3 by protons may indicate an endogenous mechanism governing TRPM3 gating and its physiological/ pathological functions.
Signatures of processing complexity during global cognitive states in ventromedial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Mehta Priyanka S. , Michael Yoo Seng Bum , Hayden Benjamin Y. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTBehavioral neuroscience almost exclusively studies behavior during tasks and ignores the unstructured inter-trial interval (ITI). However, it is unlikely that the ITI is simply an idling or paused mode; instead, it is a likely time for globally focused cognition, in which attention is disengaged from the task at hand and oriented more broadly. To gain insight into the computational underpinnings of globally focused cognition, we recorded from neurons in a core decision-making region, area 14 of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), as macaques performed a foraging search task with long inter-trial intervals (ITIs). We find that during the ITI, ensemble firing is associated with increased discriminability of a key mnemonic variable, recent reward rate, which in turn predicts upcoming search strategy. ITI activity is also associated with increased ensemble dimensionality and faster subspace reorganization, presumed markers of processing complexity. These results demonstrate the flexible nature of mnemonic processing and support the idea that the brain makes use of ostensible downtime to engage in complex processing.
A Machine Learning approach for assessing drug development risk
Authors: Vergetis Vangelis , Liaropoulos Gerasimos , Georganaki Maria , Dimakakos Andreas , Skaltsas Dimitrios , Gorgoulis Vassilis G , Tsirigos Aristotelis 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTCharacterizing drug development risk – the probability that a drug will eventually receive regulatory approval – has been notoriously hard given the complexities of drug biology and clinical trials. This often leads to an inefficient allocation of resources, and an overall reduction in R&D productivity. We propose a Machine Learning (ML) approach that provides a more accurate and unbiased estimate of drug development risk than traditional models.
COVID-19 initial preparedness and response in Vietnam during the first six months of the pandemic and the lessons for Sendai framework implementation
Authors: Linh Tran Nu Quy , Hanh Tran Thi Tuyet , Shaw Rajib 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze the current responses applied in Vietnam to the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and link these measures to priority actions highlighted in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR). From there, strengths, limitations and recommendations on applying the SFDRR to build the pandemic resilience in the future are discussed.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors synthesize literature on response measures to the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam from January to June 2020 and compare to four priority actions of the SFDRR including understanding risk, strengthening governance, investing in risk reduction for resilience and enhancing preparedness for effective response and resilient recovery.

Findings
Vietnam has effectively controlled the pandemic with 401 infected cases and no death so far. Well preparation, timely policies’ implementation, risk communication and comprehensive approaches are key strategies. These measures are same as the four priority actions in the SFDRR.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in Vietnam to link the COVID-19 response and the SFDRR, which can serve as an important example for other countries in responding to the pandemic. Some measures have surpassed SFDRR’s guidance, especially preventive responses applied nationwide with strong political will and the community’s commitment accompanied by sanctions. Cultural factors such as the habit of using masks to prevent air pollution have contributed to the good observance of wearing mask regulations during the pandemic. However, some areas that need more attention include specific solutions for vulnerable groups, limiting fake news and ensuring patient privacy.
Is agile the latest management fad? A review of success factors of agile transformations
Authors: Naslund Dag , Kale Rahul 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
Agile is the new popular management change method and agile has lots of momentum. Management consulting firms are promoting agile via articles and newsletters. While history does not repeat itself, it often rhymes, and thus agile will probably be a successful change effort in some organizations. On the other hand, there is a high probability that agile will not deliver the expected results for most organizations. History reveals that about two-thirds of the change efforts are deemed unsuccessful – regardless of the actual change method. In this paper, we present the results of a systematic literature review on agile and we compare and contrast it with other similar organizational change methods. The purpose of this paper is to explore what one may learn from the history of the earlier change methods in terms of how organizations may succeed in their agile efforts.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based on a structured literature review of the agile concept – including agile transformation, and with a specific focus on critical success factors.

Findings
In addition to presenting the state of the art on agile in general, we identify, structure and categorize critical success factors (CSF) for agile. From the 13 categories, we form three clusters, which constitute a 3P framework (purpose, process and people). We also compare and contrast the CSF literature regarding agile with CSFs for organizational change in general. history indicates that most organizational change efforts are not successful. Based on the framework and the discussion, we provide recommendations to hopefully increase the probability of successful agile implementations.

Originality/value
Given the relative novelty or at least the renewed interest in agile, a structured literature review of the current status of this “new” method provides value as it may help organizations and managers to not repeat old mistakes – once again.
An exploration of the leadership strategies of Facebook community leaders
Authors: Gazit Tali , Bronstein Jenny 
Published: October 2020

PurposeUnderstanding leadership in newly created online social spaces, such Facebook communities, is an important new area of study within leadership research. This study explores an existing leadership model in offline environments by analyzing leadership strategies used by Facebook community leaders.Design/methodology/approachBy using both quantitative and qualitative methods, data were collected through a survey from 94 Facebook community leaders about their leadership strategies.FindingsFindings show that the framework of leadership behavior in offline groups can also be observed in Facebook communities. The content analysis of the open-ended questions reveals new categories reflecting unique leadership strategies in online environments. Leaders that participated in the study focused on strategies of content and team management, provided their groups with relevant content and personal stories to engage their members and strived to lead both offline and online-related social spaces to build a sense of community.Originality/valueThe growing number of Facebook community leaders and their key role in social media communities raise new questions about their position in light of what is already known about traditional leadership. Since social media occupies a central place in almost every aspect in everyday life, understanding the way that leaders manage these online communities is ever more important, and it can lead to an advancement in online communications.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at:https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/OIR-01-2020-0034.
Processes at the soil–root interface determine the different responses of nutrient limitation and metal toxicity in forbs and grasses to nitrogen enrichment
Authors: Tian Qiuying , Lu Peng , Ma Pengfei , Zhou Huirong , Yang Ming , Zhai Xiufeng , Chen Mengmeng , Wang Hong , Li Wenchao , Bai Wenming , Lambers Hans , Zhang Wen‐Hao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Nutrient limitation and metal toxicity have been implicated in changes of grassland communities by nitrogen (N) deposition. Below‐ground processes, especially those at the soil–root interface, play important roles in determining variation in nutrient concentrations in plants. However, few studies have specifically focused on the roles of these processes in mineral‐element acquisition in grassland plants in response to N enrichment.

Here we investigated the contributions of below‐ground processes at the soil–root interface to the differential acquisition of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca) and manganese (Mn) by forbs and grasses of a temperate steppe in response to N addition by combining field and glasshouse experiments.

Nitrogen addition increased the concentrations of both leaf P ([P]) and Mn ([Mn]) and decreased leaf [Ca] of forbs while it had little effects on leaf concentrations of these elements in grasses. Nitrogen addition led to a higher activity of acid phosphatase in the rhizosphere of forbs, and greater release of protons and carboxylates from forb roots than grass roots, contributing to the differential [P], [Ca] and [Mn] in the leaves of forbs and grasses. Applying oxalate to soil to simulate the release of carboxylates by N enrichment enhanced [P] and [Mn], and decreased [Ca] in the soil solution. However, addition of hydrogen‐ion increased [P], [Mn] and [Ca] in the soil solution. Lime addition mitigated the N‐addition‐induced soil acidification while it did not abolish the stimulatory effect of short‐term N addition on leaf [P] and [Mn] of forbs. Therefore, we conclude that differences in the eco‐physiological processes at the soil–root interface account for changes in leaf [P], [Ca] and [Mn] under short‐term N addition, and that soil acidification aggravates the responses of these elements, especially [Ca] and [Mn], to long‐term N enrichment.

Synthesis. Our results highlight the contribution of below‐ground processes, especially those at the soil–root interface, to variation in plant element concentrations between dominant forbs and grasses in the temperate steppe. These findings greatly enhance our mechanistic understanding of the effects of N deposition on grassland communities.
“It helped us, and it hurt us” The role of social media in shaping agency and action among youth in post‐disaster Nepal
Authors: Dahal Leena , Idris Mussa S. , Bravo Vanessa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis case study explores the communication platforms that youth in Nepal used to respond to the Gorkha earthquake that struck this country on 25 April 2015, and it delves into the role that social media played in shaping the relief efforts initialled and led by youth in Nepal. The data were collected through ethnographic fieldwork and 50 in‐depth interviews conducted in Nepal during the summers of 2015 and 2016 with Nepali youth directly involved in the relief efforts during the immediate aftermath. Findings show that Nepali youth served as integral agents of influence in the chaotic aftermath of the Gorkha earthquake, it highlights the various ways in which virtual communities mostly helped but (in some cases) hindered the relief distribution and coordination process, and it analyses how these 50 young people in Nepal conceptualized social media's role in shaping their agency and resilience. Implications are discussed on how the results of this case study can allow academics and practitioners gauge the effectiveness of social media platforms to respond to crises, understand their impact for people in distinct generations and evaluate the feasibility and inclusivity of using social media as a tool in national crises, especially in developing countries.
Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) development under fluoxetine effect using two drug administration models
Authors: Zanetti Noelia I. , Costantino Andrea , Lazzarini Natalia , Ferrero Adriana A. , Centeno Néstor D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, commonly used for the treatment of a variety of psychopathological conditions. As such, fluoxetine may be expected to appear in clinical and forensic cases. Dermestes maculatus De Geer (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) has been recognized as a relevant component of the insect fauna associated with decomposing human and animal remains. Experiments were conducted to study the effect of fluoxetine on developing D. maculatus using two‐drug administration models: a non‐living animal model (pork muscle) and a living one (Sus scrofa L. pigs). We assessed the duration of immature stages and total life cycle, as well as morphological parameters (body length, cephalic width, and weight). The effect of fluoxetine was studied at an overdose concentration: In the non‐living animal model the drug was mixed with macerated pork muscle (2000 mg/kg) and in the living animal model, pigs were given the drug orally (833 mg/kg). A control was used for each model. Daily observations were performed from the beginning to the end of the experiments. GC‐MS was used for drug detection and quantification. There were no statistically significant differences in the duration of immature stages, life cycle, larval mortality, morphological parameters, or sex ratio, between treatment and control, regardless of the drug administration model. Given that fluoxetine had no detectable effect on the development of D. maculatus, detection of this drug in forensic situations would not compromise the accuracy of PMI estimations.
Lung adenocarcinoma in a patient with a cis EGFR L858R‐K860I doublet mutation identified using NGS‐based profiling test: Negative diagnosis on initial companion test and successful treatment with osimertinib
Authors: Onozawa Hiroto , Saito Haruhiro , Sunami Kuniko , Kubo Takashi , Yamamoto Noboru , Kasajima Rika , Ohtsu Takashi , Hiroshima Yukihiko , Kanamori Heiwa , Yokose Tomoyuki , Miyagi Yohei 
Published: October 2020

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are used as first‐line treatment for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring driver mutations in EGFR, ALK, ROS1, and BRAF. Currently, standard molecular testing approaches help identify single genes for such targetable driver mutations in NSCLC; however, next‐generation sequencing (NGS)‐based genetic profiling provides a more comprehensive approach and is hence strongly recommended. This case study aimed to highlight the benefits of NGS‐based tests for the diagnosis of complex EGFR L858R mutations. A patient was diagnosed with stage IVB NSCLC using a government‐approved in vitro diagnostic test and was noted to have a high programmed death‐ligand 1 tumor proportion score. This patient was treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy followed by cisplatin and pemetrexed owing to the lack of actionable driver gene mutations, including EGFR mutations. After treatment failure, a sample harvested from the same transbronchial lung biopsy specimen (formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded) used for the initial EGFR test was subjected to NGS‐based broad genetic profiling. The NGS‐based test identified an EGFR L858R‐K860I cis doublet mutation; however, neither of these mutations was identified upon initial molecular testing. The patient was then successfully treated with a third‐generation EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor, osimertinib. In this study, we delved deeper into the realm of L858R and K860I mutations in NSCLC and discuss the potential causes underlying our initial negative diagnosis. Furthermore, this study highlighted the additional benefits of replacing typical molecular tests with NGS‐based broad profiling approaches.Key pointsSignificant findings of the study
The EGFR L858R‐K860I cis doublet mutation was not detected by a PCR‐based EGFR test.

A next generation sequencing (NGS)‐based test was able to identify the L858R‐K860I cis doublet mutation.

What this study adds
Osimertinib was effective in an NSCLC patient with EGFR L858R and K860I mutations.
Association between caregivers’ coping and children’s psychiatric symptoms in the heart transplantation process: A pilot study
Authors: Yilmaz Kafali Helin , Kalyoncu Tugba , Ozbaran Burcu , Kalyoncu Emir , Tuncer Osman Nuri , Ozturk Pelin , Engin Cagatay , Yagdi Tahir , Ulger Zulal , Atay Yuksel , Ozbaran Mustafa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOur aim was to investigate whether there is an association between caregivers’ coping and children's psychiatric symptoms and quality of life in adolescent heart transplant (HTx) recipients and HTx candidates with left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Fourteen patients were recruited for this pilot study (HTx (n = 8), LVAD (n = 6)). Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children, Present and Lifetime Version (K‐SADS) was administered to detect the psychiatric diagnosis of patients. Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) were completed by adolescents; Brief Coping Styles Inventory by their caregivers. Six of the participants had an internalizing disorder. Optimistic coping strategy score was significantly higher in the caregivers of adolescents without an internalizing disorder than caregivers of those with an internalizing disorder (U = 2.500, P = .005). Utilizing Spearman's correlation, caregivers’ optimistic approach (rho = −0.736, P = .004), and self‐confident approach (rho = −0.634, P = .020) had significant negative correlations with children's CDI scores. Moreover, caregivers’ optimistic approach score had a significant positive correlation with children's PedsQL score (rho = 0.563, P = .045). According to our preliminary results, it seems that caregivers’ optimistic and self‐confident coping strategies may be associated with fewer internalizing symptoms and a better quality of life in adolescents in the HTx process. A future multicentered longitudinal study will be planned to assess the effect of caregivers’ coping strategies on the psychological adjustment of these children.