bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Понятие «примирение» в международном праве
Authors: Ганиева А.Т. 
Published: December 2024

Процессы интернационализации и глобализации международных отношений нередко сопровождаются столкновениями политических интересов первичных субъектов международного права, могущих перерасти в ситуацию возникновения международного спора. Организацией Объединенных Наций определены средства мирного разрешения международных споров, одним из которых выступает примирение. Необходимость тщательного, всеобъемлющего изучения механизма данного средства разрешения споров обусловлена политико-правовой природой деятельности международных согласительных комиссий, а также недооцененным мировым сообществом потенциалом их применения. В рамках данной статьи автором предпринимаются попытки определения правовой природы и специфики примирения как международного правового средства мирного разрешения споров посредством установления его дефинитивной составляющей. Анализируются проблемы эклектичности процедуры примирения, минимизации политического авторитета международных согласительных комиссий, а также декларативности принимаемых ими решений. На основе анализа международных правовых актов, отечественных и зарубежных доктринальных источников предлагается определение понятия «примирение» в узком и широком смысле, обосновывается также вывод о положительном аспекте гибридности данной процедуры.
The processes of internationalization and globalization of international relations are often accompanied by clashes of political interests of the primary subjects of international law, which can develop into a situation of international dispute. The United Nations has identified means of peaceful settlement of international disputes, one of which is reconciliation. The need for a thorough, comprehensive study of the mechanism of this means of dispute resolution is due to the political and legal nature of the activities of international conciliation commissions, as well as the underestimated potential of their application by the world community. Within the framework of this article, the author attempts to determine the legal nature, specifics of reconciliation as an international legal means of peaceful settlement of disputes by establishing its definitive component. The problems of eclecticism of the reconciliation procedure, minimization of the political authority of international conciliation commissions, as well as the declarativeness of their decisions are analyzed. Based on the analysis of international legal acts, domestic and foreign doctrinal sources, the definition of the concept of "reconciliation" in a narrow and broad sense is proposed, and the conclusion about the positive aspect of the hybridity of this procedure is also substantiated.
ТРУДОВАЯ МИГРАЦИЯ В РОССИИ
Authors: Нурова Гюльназ Шамильевна , Юсупова Муслимат Гасановна 
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена проблемам трудовой миграции в современной России. Массовая категория иностранных граждан, носящий культуру и язык своей страны, часто вызывает негативную, а порой и агрессивную, реакцию коренного населения, что в значительной степени влияет на межнациональные отношения, ситуацию на рынке труда, нагрузку на инфраструктуры, на межнациональные отношения, на экологическую обстановку, на уровень преступности в стране. Ситуация будет усугубляться, если не принимать никаких мер. На данный момент актуальна весьма проблема социальной и культурной адаптации к российским условиям трудовых мигрантов, особенно граждан южных стран СНГ, которые приезжают в нашу страну.
The article is devoted to the problems of labor migration in modern Russia. The mass category of foreign citizens, who carry the culture and language of their country, often causes a negative, and sometimes aggressive, reaction of the indigenous population, which greatly affects interethnic relations, the situation on the labor market, the burden on infrastructure, interethnic relations, the environmental situation, the level of crime in the country. The situation will get worse if no action is taken. At the moment, the problem of social and cultural adaptation to the Russian conditions of labor migrants, especially citizens of the southern CIS countries, who come to our country, is very urgent.
ЗЕМЛИ ОТГОННОГО ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВА РЕСПУБЛИКИ ДАГЕСТАН: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ
Authors: Эйланбеков Гайдар Джигитович 
Published: December 2024

Обсуждаются проблемы землепользования, связанные с функционированием сложной системы отгонного животноводства, в Дагестане. Особое внимание уделяется анализу проблем сельских поселений, возникших на землях отгонного животноводства, которые не имеют статуса сельских поселений. На основе изучения общественного мнения, протестных выступлений общественных активистов этнического толка, а также правительственных документов, рассматриваются перспективы и риски возможных путей реформирования земельных отношений в части касающейся застроенных территорий отгонных пастбищ.
The problems of land use associated with the functioning of a complex system of livestock transhumance in Dagestan are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of problems of rural settlements that have arisen on the lands of livestock breeding, which do not have the status of rural settlements. Based on the study of public opinion, protests by ethnic ethnic activists, as well as government documents, the prospects and risks of possible ways of reforming land relations with regard to built-up areas of transhumant pastures are examined.
Synthesis of BSA-stabilized copper nanoclusters and evaluation of their potential use as fluorescent sensors for folic acid
Authors: Munar Krysma Irene , Lacquio Maritess , Remillon Bong Carlo , Recuenco Mariam 
Published: December 2024

This study describes the synthesis and characterization of BSA-stabilized copper nanoclusters (BSA-CuNCs) for use as sensors for the B vitamin folic acid. Ascorbate served as a reducing agent while bovine serum albumin (BSA) served as a capping and stabilizing agent. The BSA-CuNCs had a golden-yellow appearance and perceivably have good dispersibility. Transmission electron microscopy indicated average diameters of the BSA-CuNCs as 2.47 ± 0.50 nm. With atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering, the diameters of the BSA-CuNCs were varied and larger than anticipated (64 ± 13 nm AFM; 11-608 nm DLS), since nanocluster sizes should be less than 2 nm. The BSA-CuNCs' UV–visible spectra did not show peaks in the 500–600 nm indicating the absence of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of larger nanoparticles. The BSA-CuNCs were excited at 320 nm and showed a fluorescence emission at 644 nm. The BSA-CuNCs were then evaluated as potential folic acid sensors. Fluorescence quenching was observed as folic acid was added incrementally. The quenching fitted well with the Stern-Volmer equation, with estimated limits for detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) at 0.77 µg/mL and 2.35 µg/mL, respectively. Next, the folic acid content of some over-the-counter supplements was assessed. There was a range of 33.31% to 40.21% in the percent error between the claimed and experimental folic acid values, which were beyond the acceptable accuracy and precision errors of 5% and 10%, respectively. Nevertheless, current results may suggest potential that the BSA-CuNCs may be used to quantify folic acid. However, further research is required to improve sample preparations and analytical procedures.
ANÁLISE DOS DETERMINANTES DA OSCILAÇÃO DOS PREÇOS DAS AÇÕES DA PETROBRAS NO PERÍODO DE 2006 A 2022
Authors: Rosa Michele Jaqueline Andressa , Justino Tatiane Ferreira , Rigo Sandro José , Barbosa Jorge Luis Victória , Maria Luciano de Souza , Souza Marcos Roberto 
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar os principais fatores que influenciam o comportamento do preço das ações da Petrobras (PETR4) no período de 2006 a 2022.

Referencial Teórico: A Petrobras desempenha um papel estratégico no desenvolvimento econômico do Brasil, contribuindo para a geração de emprego, renda e para o crescimento do PIB por meio de suas atividades.

Método: De natureza quali-quantitativa, a pesquisa utilizou o coeficiente de correlação linear de Pearson e a regressão linear múltipla para análise dos dados. As variáveis consideradas foram os preços das ações (PETR4), o índice Ibovespa, a taxa de juros Selic, o câmbio, o EMBI+ risco-Brasil, o preço internacional do petróleo Brent, a produção de petróleo e o índice do Google Trends.

Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados indicaram que a Selic, o EMBI+ e o preço do petróleo Brent são os fatores mais significativos, explicando aproximadamente 80% das variações nos preços das ações PETR4. Em contraste, o índice Google Trends não apresentou relação estatisticamente significativa, sugerindo que o interesse público captado por buscas online exerce um papel secundário em relação a fatores econômicos.

Implicações da Pesquisa: Eventos históricos, como a crise do subprime, a Operação Lava Jato, a greve dos caminhoneiros e a pandemia de Covid-19, também demonstraram impacto relevante no comportamento das ações. Conclui-se que variáveis econômicas e políticas são determinantes para a formação dos preços das ações da Petrobras, enquanto fatores relacionados ao interesse público podem complementar estudos futuros.
Increasing Students Responsibility and Scientific Creativity through Creative Responsibility Based Learning
Authors: Suyidno Suyidno , Susilowati Eko , Arifuddin Muhammad , Misbah Misbah , Sunarti Titin , Dwikoranto Dwikoranto 
Published: December 2024

Scientific creativity and responsibility are believed to be key factors for overcoming increasingly complex real-life problems faced by students; but both competencies are not trained in school. Therefore, this research aims to describe the effectiveness of creative responsibility based learning (CRBL) to increase students responsibility and scientific creativity on physics learning in senior high school. This research used one group pretest-posttest design involving 66 students of two senior high schools in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The data collection was conducted by using responsibility observation emphasizing on participatory, cooperation, delivering an opinion, and leadership. Additionally, data were gained through scientific creativity test emphasizing on problem finding, product improvement, scientific imagination, scientific problem solving, and creative product design. The data analysis was done through qualitative descriptive, n-gain, and paired t-test. The results showed (1) students responsibility for each meeting is in good criteria, and (2) there is a significant increase on students scientific creativity at Î± = 5 %, with n-gain constitutes moderate category. Thus, the CRBL is believed to be effective to increase students responsibility and scientific creativity in physics learning
A validated, patient-specific, muscle mapping model of the shoulder
Authors: McCall Blake , Smith Geoff 
Published: December 2024

Patient-specific computational models of the shoulder have the potential to further our understanding of joint biomechanics and optimise treatments for common pathologies such as osteoarthritis and rotator cuff tears. Since active motion and stability of the shoulder are mainly governed by the surrounding soft tissues, such models must be able to reliable and accurately predict muscle paths. Our aim was to develop and validate a computationally efficient line-segment muscle mapping model capable of mapping patient-specific muscle paths of the multi-pennate muscles of the deltoid and rotator cuff.A triangular surface mesh was generated from segmentations of an anonymous male subject (75 years old, BMI 23) and muscle origin/insertion points were identified based upon previously reported data. A ‘convex hull’ algorithm identified optimal muscle fibre paths during 0-90° coronal plane abduction, sagittal plane flexion and axial rotation at neutral elevation. The model was capable of computing muscle lengths, moment arms and line of action for each muscle fibre.The model had acceptable correlation with in vivo and cadaveric data from the literature. The model was also highly efficient, capable of mapping 42 muscle segments at 2.5° intervals of joint motion in less than 17 seconds.The current model presents a patient specific method for modelling muscle multi-pennate muscles of the shoulder with high computational efficiency, requiring only the surface mesh inputs of the bony anatomy and muscle origin/insertion points without the need for commercial finite element contact detection software. The model may be used further for the study of shoulder musculoskeletal disorders.
Controlling and enhancing the post operative care after Knee Arthroplasty: Insights from a Multi-Center Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study of a Digital Rehabilitation solution
Authors: Lebleu Julien , Pauwels Andries , Servaes Ward , Wiersinga Wanne , Van Onsem Stefaan 
Published: December 2024

New surgical techniques, such as robotics and augmented reality, promise to increase the quality and reduce the variability of the surgical procedure. But the effect of these new developments could be altered by the variability of the post operative care. Rehabilitation following total knee replacement (TKA) traditionally involves in-person therapy, presenting challenges in terms of protocol adherence, reproducibility, and cost. Digital rehabilitation holds promise in addressing these issues, but existing systems often lack personalization, neglecting factors such as patient pain, participation, and recovery speed. Moreover, most digital platforms lack essential human support.This study aimed to explore the engagement, safety, and clinical effectiveness of a personalized and adaptive app-based human-supported digital monitoring and rehabilitation program. Conducted as a prospective multi-center longitudinal cohort study, 127 patients were enrolled. A smart alert system managed undesired events, triggering physician interventions in case of suspected issues. The app collected data on dropout rates, complications, readmissions, Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS), and patient satisfaction.Results showed a 2% readmission rate, with smart alerts potentially preventing 85% of flagged issues through timely doctor interventions. Program adherence reached 77%, and 89% of patients endorsed the program's use. The integration of personalized, human- backed digital solutions emerged as a transformative approach to standardize and enhance the rehabilitation journey post-TKA, while showing potential cost savings.
Use of a Fluoroscopy-Based Robotic-Assisted Total Hip Arthroplasty System Produced Greater Improvements in Patient-Reported Outcomes at One Year Compared to Manual, Fluoroscopic-Assisted Technique
Authors: Buchan Graham , Ong Christian , Hecht II Christian , DeCook Charles , Spencer-Gardner Luke , Kamath Atul 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The adoption of new technology should be supported by improvements in patient-reported outcomes (PROMs). The purpose of this study was to assess the one-year PROMs of patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA) using a novel, fluoroscopy-based, robotic-assisted (RA-THA) system when compared to a manual, fluoroscopic-assisted technique (mTHA).Materials and methods: A review of 91 consecutive mTHA and 85 consecutive RA-THA via a direct anterior approach was conducted. All cases were performed by the same surgeon at the same institution, for a pre-operative diagnosis of osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis, or rheumatoid arthritis. Outcomes included one-year Veterans RAND-12 (VR-12) Physical/Mental, Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome (HOOS) Pain/Physical Function/Joint Replacement, and University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Activity scores, as well as the difference between pre-operative and one-year post-operative PROMs.Results: Patients in the RA-THA cohort had lower pre-operative HOOS-JR scores compared to patients in the mTHA cohort (37.0 vs. 43.1; p=0.031). Cohorts experienced similar one-year post-operative VR-12, HOOS, and UCLA Activity scores. Patients in the RA-THA cohort experienced greater improvements across all pre- and post-operative HOOS scores compared to patients in the mTHA cohort: Pain (+54.7 vs. +42.1; p=0.009), Physical Function (-41.6 vs. -28.7; p=0.007), and Joint Replacement (+46.6 vs. +33.0; p=0.002). These differences exceeded minimum clinically important difference (MCID).Conclusions: Both manual and robotic cohorts experienced benefit from THA at one-year post-operative. Importantly, the use of a novel, fluoroscopy-based robotic assistance system for primary THA resulted in greater improvements in PROMs at one-year relative to manual technique.
A Longitudinal Cohort Study with Integrated Technologies to Inform Personalized Robotic Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wilson Janie , Laudanski Annemarie , Civiero Stephanie , Dorrance Adam , Ammoury Nadim , Richardson Glen , Wilson David , Leighton Jennifer , Dunbar Michael 
Published: December 2024

Many patients exhibit joint level biomechanics and mobility deficits after knee arthroplasty, which have been linked to patient dissatisfaction. Advancements in robotic-assisted surgery offer the potential for surgery personalization to address these deficits, yet the link between surgical planning and joint mechanics remains unclear. This research aims to comprehensively model the relationships among patient variability in joint mechanics, anatomy/morphology, physical activity, implant characteristics and post-operative outcomes to inform personalization strategies to address these deficits in joint mechanics. This is a five-year longitudinal patient cohort study with integrated data at several time points perioperatively including longitudinally during the pre-operative wait period, and post-operatively to one year. We combine patient-specific information from multiple domains including demographics and anthropometrics; patient-reported outcomes; three-dimensional gait kinematics through AI-driven markerless motion capture integrated into the clinic hallway; free-living physical activity (PA) and gait outcomes with inertial sensors; joint anatomy, morphology and OA feature modeling through custom CT image processing; and intraoperative robotic data. Longitudinal pre-operative outcomes have been collected for a subset (n=57) to date. There were no significant longitudinal changes in gait kinematics or objective PA outcomes on a population level pre-operatively. However, a subset of patients exhibited significant gait worsening, and worsening was significantly correlated with more advanced OA-related gait deficits at baseline. Unique free-living gait metrics were identified that moderately correlated with in-clinic gait kinematics.PA outcomes were not significantly correlated to gait outcomes, and significantly worse PA outcomes (step count, %sedentary, %light and moderate to vigorous PA) were identified for female patients.
In silico Computation of Knee Muscle Forces tailored to a Novel Multi-Motion in vitro Knee Simulator’s Constraints
Authors: Ven Line , Taylan Orçun , Killen Bryce A , Jonkers Ilse , Scheys Lennart 
Published: December 2024

In vitro physiological knee joint simulators have been proven to be valuable tools for characterizing knee joint biomechanics, complementing in vivo measurements. However, many simulators only allow simulations of squatting motions. This is partly due to the lack of a tailored approach to efficiently identify the required simulator input parameters for accurate investigation of other frequently performed activities of daily living (ADL). Therefore, we aimed to develop a novel in vivo-based computational approach which uniquely integrates multiple constraints from a novel in vitro knee simulator to determine the required muscle forces during various ADLs.During a motion capture study, six healthy subjects performed squatting, sit-stand- sit and gait motions. Subject-scaled musculoskeletal models were adapted to include constraints of the knee joint simulator by including only quadriceps and hamstring muscle actuators, down-scaling ground reaction forces and applying constant hamstring force. Subsequently, muscle forces were computed for each motion using the Concurrent Optimization of Muscle Activations and Kinematics algorithm.Afterwards, the in silico-based squatting results were retrospectively compared with previously performed in vitro experiments using the knee joint simulator, which actively controlled the quadriceps and bilateral hamstrings to maintain a constant vertical ground reaction force of 110N during squatting. Resulting in silico computed and simulator-measured forces during squatting showed similar magnitudes and high correlations. This indicates robustness of the proposed in vivo-based computational approach. Accordingly, its application to stance phase of gait initiated quasi-static in vitro simulations of this additional motion, further demonstrating its feasibility.
Morpho functional interbone parameters in supine versus standing position – Comparison of CT and EOS Alignment
Authors: Ehreiser Sonja , Stellmann Leonie , Berger Luisa , Tokunaga Kunihiko , Radermacher Klaus 
Published: December 2024

Morpho-functional interbone parameters of the knee are often used in clinical practice to assess the functional anatomy of the individual patient. Respective parameters, such as the TT-TG distance, are regularly measured manually on CT or MRI images. To overcome this time-consuming process, an automated framework for knee morphological analysis was previously presented by our group. A relevant remaining limitation, however, is the imaging performed in supine and not in an active, weight-bearing position, which was addressed in this study.Data from 7 patients (14 knees) scheduled for total hip arthroplasty were used for this study. After segmentation, the CT-derived bone surface models were matched to the EOS images based on landmarks, with manual control and optional correction. Subsequently, the automated framework for morphological analysis was applied.A statistically significant difference in mean was found for the joint rotation. The other mean deviations were not statistically significant and below the parameters’ standard deviation, whereas the absolute deviations were higher. This fact highlights the relevance of inter-individual differences in supine versus standing interbone parameter measurements.In general, large discrepancies regarding the changes in interbone parameter measurements from supine to standing position were found in the literature. The results of this study are plausible with regard to theoretical biomechanical relations. Overall, the study motivates an interbone parameter assessment in a standardized, active weight-bearing position. With further automation in data pre-processing, the workflow could be applied to large databases and hence be used to define reference ranges of interbone parameters in various poses.