bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy with COVID‐19: Management considerations for care of severe and critically ill cases
Authors: Chen Lian , Jiang Hai , Zhao Yangyu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPregnant women are a potentially highly vulnerable population due to anatomical, physiological, and immunological changes under the COVID‐19 pandemic. Issues related to pregnancy with COVID‐19 attracted widespread attention from researchers. A large number of articles were published aiming to elaborate clinical characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women infected with COVID‐19, in order to provide evidence for management. The existing data suggest that the overall prognosis of pregnancy with COVID‐19 is promising when compared with that of other previous coronaviruses. There is still maternal morbidity and mortality related to COVID‐19 reported. However, the optimal management of severe and critically ill cases of COVID‐19–infected pregnancy is poorly clarified. The possibility of postpartum exacerbation in pregnancy with COVID‐19 is also worthy of attention for obstetricians. This review makes further elaboration of the above issues.
A decade of grafting techniques as a sole treatment for Peyronie’s disease
Authors: Ragheb Ahmed , Eraky Ahmed , Osmonov Daniar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeyronie's disease (PD) can be a cosmetically and functionally devastating condition. Surgical approaches have been proposed in the chronic stages of PD as plication or plaque incision/excision with grafting to preserve penile size in complex cases. Although several surgeons nowadays are inclined toward the utilization of non‐autologous grafts owing to the ease of their preparation and availability, synthetic graft procedures still await more technical improvements and supporting evidence before their consideration for standard care.ObjectivesIn this review, our goal is to facilitate an insight into the most promising grafting materials used for the management of PD and techniques associated.Materials and methodsA PubMed review was conducted for all the studies on our topic within the past ten years (January 2009 until December 2019). The outcome parameters we documented and compared comprised of operative time, follow‐up time, postoperative penile cosmesis and function, and, finally, overall patient satisfaction related to each technique.ResultsOur search yielded 23 English‐written original study articles in addition to a single case report on the various grafting techniques utilized as the sole treatment for PD, each demonstrating different outcomes and points of comparison.ConclusionA successful grafting procedure for PD requires an appropriately tailored surgical modality and an experienced surgeon. Nevertheless, proper preoperative patient counseling on all aspects of his condition and opted treatment modality while setting clear and realistic expectations remains key for overall patient satisfaction.
Association of clinical predictors with recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation
Authors: Li Ang , Chen Yue , Wang Wei , Su Li , Ling Zhiyu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecurrence rate after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) remains high, and further investigation on predictors of recurrence is needed.ObjectsTo identify risk factors of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence in patients undergoing RFCA.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 257 patients with AF who underwent RFCA preceded by transthoracic echocardiographic and pulmonary vein CT examination from 2016 to 2019. Electrocardiogram examination was performed at baseline, 1, 3, 6 months, and 1 year after RFCA. We divided patients into two groups based on AF recurrence including recurrence group (n = 79) and nonrecurrence group (n = 178). The crude and independent association between clinical variables and AF recurrence was evaluated with logistic regression analysis. Specificity and positive predictive value of relevant factors for AF recurrence were performed by ROC curve.ResultsOf these AF patients, 174 (68%) was paroxysmal AF and 83 (32%) was persistent AF. The multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that AF duration (OR = 1.008, 95% CI 1.002–1.013, p = .008), pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH; OR = 2.313, 95% CI 1.031–5.192, p = .042), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C; OR = 1.646, 95% CI 1.129–2.398, p = .010) were independently correlated with recurrence of AF. For predicting AF recurrence, the specificity and sensitivity of AF duration were 30.1% and 87.3%, and for LDL‐C, the specificity and sensitivity of AF duration were 60.6% and 60.5%, respectively.ConclusionsAtrial fibrillation duration, PAH, and LDL‐C might be independent risk factors for the recurrence of AF after RFCA.
Ethnography of a Stone
Authors: Hazan Taylor 
Published: July 2020

SummaryA recent graduate of Kenyon College, I completed theses for both my Anthropology and English majors. In this excerpt from my English capstone project, I explored the idea of ethnography in relation to a subject (anxiety) that cannot speak but is embodied through someone's experiences. The “stone” is the metaphorical iteration of that anxiety, and the “anthropologist” (myself) is interviewing the person most closely linked to the stone (also myself). I also play with the idea of ethnographic research, combining “real” ethnography with lyrical “fake ethnography,” resulting in both an exploration of actor‐network theory and the creation of the “somnoquilogue” method. The piece is both a love letter to anthropology and an attempt to breathe life, empathy, and a bit of humor into my life‐long relationship with an anxiety disorder, and I hope you enjoy reading it as much as I enjoyed writing it.
HIPEC with cisplatin in a patient with a prior hypersensitivity reaction to systemic oxaliplatin
Authors: Morgan Ryan , Parsad Sandeep , Turaga Kiran K. , Eng Oliver S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPlatinum‐based chemotherapeutic agents are commonly used in the treatment of several cancers. While effective, they are often discontinued due to toxicities and hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) that occur more frequently with repeated exposure. Following discontinuation of one agent, therapy may be continued with a second platinum salt, though the cross‐reactivity between agents in this class is not well understood. This is particularly true for alternative routes of administration such as hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). In this case report, we describe the use of cisplatin during HIPEC in a patient who previously experienced an HSR to systemic oxaliplatin. The patient tolerated HIPEC including 200 mg cisplatin for 1 hour without any adverse effects and did not require a desensitization protocol prior to therapy. This case suggests that HIPEC with platinum‐based agents can be performed in patients with prior HSRs to systemic therapy, though further studies are needed to understand safety parameters, the cross‐reactivity between agents and the necessity of skin testing or desensitization protocols.
Enhancing consent forms to support participant decision making in multimodal learning data research
Authors: Beardsley Marc , Martínez Moreno Judit , Vujovic Milica , Santos Patricia , Hernández‐Leo Davinia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAdvances in the field of multimodal learning analytics (MMLA) research is often accomplished by actively exploring new technologies and techniques related to the collection and analysis of data. Exploration of ethical principles and procedures for governing the use of new technologies and techniques, however, is not as readily pursued. As collected data grow in complexity and invasiveness, potentially, a growing need is arising to scrutinize ethical aspects of MMLA research. In our study, we introduce an informed consent comprehension test for educational technology research and assess the effects of enhancing MMLA consent forms on comprehension of informed consent and on rates of enrollment in a MMLA study. One form is written from a researcher perspective and the other from a participant perspective. Results of the study involving first‐year undergraduate students suggest that the overall level of comprehension did not differ between conditions. Yet, the participant‐oriented consent form resulted in significantly lower rates of enrollment. Implications for MMLA researchers are discussed.
The impact of AI and robotics on physical, social‐emotional and intellectual learning outcomes: An integrated analytical framework
Authors: Salas‐Pilco Sdenka Zobeida 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis qualitative study examines the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics in learning designs from the perspective of learning sciences. The literature on the topic indicates that there is not enough research on including diverse learning outcomes in the designs for learning. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand how AI and robots impact physical, social‐emotional and intellectual learning outcomes through the implementation of learning designs that are guided by selected design principles. In this study, the design‐based research (DBR) methodology was employed for investigating learning in naturalistic contexts. The intervention was implemented in a primary school in which learners used educational robots. The main findings reveal that the development of an integrated analytical framework, which considers a broader spectrum of human potential, allows for analyzing students’ learning outcomes in a more integral, inclusive and balanced way. This, in turn, promotes students’ learning by using AI and robots. Another finding reveals that the impact of using AI and robotics on learning designs is reflected in learners’ personal trajectories having different pathways and paces. Finally, the lessons learned and the challenges to be overcome are summarized, and recommendations are made for future research for the enhancement of learning experiences that use AI and robotics.
Multimodal data capabilities for learning: What can multimodal data tell us about learning?
Authors: Sharma Kshitij , Giannakos Michail 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMost research on learning technology uses clickstreams and questionnaires as their primary source of quantitative data. This study presents the outcomes of a systematic literature review of empirical evidence on the capabilities of multimodal data (MMD) for human learning. This paper provides an overview of what and how MMD have been used to inform learning and in what contexts. A search resulted in 42 papers that were included in the analysis. The results of the review depict the capabilities of MMD for learning and the ongoing advances and implications that emerge from the employment of MMD to capture and improve learning. In particular, we identified the six main objectives (ie, behavioral trajectories, learning outcome, learning‐task performance, teacher support, engagement and student feedback) that the MMLA research has been focusing on. We also summarize the implications derived from the reviewed articles and frame them within six thematic areas. Finally, this review stresses that future research should consider developing a framework that would enable MMD capacities to be aligned with the research and learning design (LD). These MMD capacities could also be utilized on furthering theory and practice. Our findings set a baseline to support the adoption and democratization of MMD within future learning technology research and development.
Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about this topic

Capturing and measuring learners’ engagement and behavior using MMD has been explored in recent years and exhibits great potential.
There are documented challenges and opportunities associated with capturing, processing, analyzing and interpreting MMD to support human learning.
MMD can provide insights into predicting learning engagement and performance as well as into supporting the process.
What this paper adds

Provides a systematic literature review (SLR) of empirical evidence on MMD for human learning.
Summarizes the insights MMD can give us about the learning outcomes and process.
Identifies challenges and opportunities of MMD to support human learning.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Learning analytics researchers will be able to use the SLR as a guide for future research.
Learning analytics practitioners will be able to use the SLR as a summary of the current state of the field.
Survival following cytoreductive nephrectomy: a comparison of existing prognostic models
Authors: Westerman Mary E. , Shapiro Daniel D. , Tannir Nizar M. , Campbell Matthew T. , Matin Surena F. , Karam Jose A. , Wood Christopher G. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo validate models currently used to predict metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) outcomes in a cohort of patients undergoing cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN).Patients and methodsA total of 10 RCC prognostic models (International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium [IMDC]; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [MSKCC]; Culp; Leibovich; University of California at Los Angeles Integrated Staging System [UISS]; Stage, Size, Grade, and Necrosis [SSIGN]; Yaycioglu; Karakiewicz; Cindolo; and Margulis) were chosen based on clinical relevance and use in clinical trial design. Model validation was performed using patients who underwent CN at a single institution between 2005 and 2017, and model discrimination (ability to select patients at risk of death) was assessed. Concordance indices (c‐index) were calculated and compared with originally published c‐indices.ResultsA total of 515 CN patients were stratified according to the prognostic models. A total of 387 (75%) died over the study period, with estimated 3‐year survival of 46.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 41.6–50.4%). All models’ discriminatory capacity underperformed when compared to the originally published c‐indices. The c‐indices ranged from 0.53 (95% CI 0.50–0.56) for the Cindolo model to 0.61 (95% CI 0.58–0.64) for the Leibovich model. The MSKCC and IMDC models performed poorly with c‐indices of 0.55 and 0.56, respectively.ConclusionCurrently used prognostic models have limited discriminatory capacity when applied to a modern cohort of patients undergoing CN. They are inadequate for risk stratification and randomisation in prospective clinical trials of untreated patients with mRCC. Caution should be used when using these models for clinical decision making.
Multinationals, intra‐firm trade and employment volatility
Authors: Kiyota Kozo , Matsuura Toshiyuki , Higuchi Yoshio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the theoretically ambiguous relationship between the volatility of employment growth and the foreign exposure of firms. We employ unique Japanese firm‐level data during the period of 1994 to 2012. This allows us to investigate any differences in this relationship across multinational firms and trading and non‐trading firms, manufacturing and wholesale trade and intra‐firm and inter‐firm trade. One major finding is that, in manufacturing, employment volatility increases as the share of intra‐firm exports to total sales increases. In contrast, in wholesale trade, employment volatility declines as the share of intra‐firm imports to total imports increases. One possible interpretation of these results is that the transmission of foreign supply and demand shocks could be through not only manufacturing but also wholesale trade firms. Further, a higher share of intra‐firm trade could magnify foreign demand shocks in manufacturing and could mitigate foreign supply shocks in wholesale trade.RésuméMultinationales, commerce intra‐entreprise et volatilité de l’emploi. Cet article analyse le rapport en théorie ambigu entre la volatilité de la croissance de l’emploi et l’exposition des entreprises à l’étranger. Grâce à des données spécifiques recueillies au niveau des entreprises japonaises entre 1994 et 2012, nous pouvons étudier les différences relatives à cette relation pour les entreprises multinationales et les entreprises commerciales et non‐commerciales, le commerce manufacturier et le commerce de gros ainsi que le commerce intra‐entreprise et le commerce inter‐entreprise. L’une des conclusions majeures est que dans le secteur manufacturier, la volatilité de l’emploi diminue à mesure que la part des exportations intra‐entreprise augmente par rapport aux ventes totales. À l’inverse, dans le commerce de gros, la volatilité de l’emploi diminue à mesure que la part des importations intra‐entreprise augmente par rapport aux importations totales. L’une des interprétations possibles de ces résultats est que la transmission des chocs en matière d’offre et de demande étrangère ne passe pas uniquement par les entreprises du secteur manufacturier, mais également par les entreprises du commerce de gros. En outre, une plus grande part de commerce intra‐entreprise pourrait amplifier les chocs en matière de demande étrangère dans le secteur manufacturier, et pourrait atténuer les chocs en matière d’offre étrangère pour le commerce de gros.
The work of Canadian political staffers in parliamentary caucus research offices
Authors: Wilson R. Paul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSince 1970, recognized political parties in the Canadian House of Commons have received funding for caucus research offices. Staffed by political partisans, research offices provide policy, communications, research and administrative support to party leaders and their parliamentary caucuses. This research note examines the evolving organization, work and function of these offices. It demonstrates, first, that the tendency towards centralization, evident in Canadian politics for decades, is clearly reflected in research offices’ primary support for leaders rather than individual caucus members. Second, research offices are integral to parties’ strategic communications and marketing efforts, and this, especially in government, often eclipses their policy contribution. Third, while the government party views caucus researchers as a useful supplement to public service and ministerial office resources, opposition parties rely heavily on their caucus research offices as their dominant source of staff capacity.
Innate IFN‐lambda responses to dsRNA in the human infant airway epithelium and clinical regulatory factors during viral respiratory infections in early life
Authors: Salka Kyle , Arroyo Maria , Chorvinsky Elizabeth , Abutaleb Karima , Perez Geovanny F. , Wolf Seth , Xuchen Xilei , Weinstock Jered , Gutierrez Maria J. , Pérez‐Losada Marcos , Pillai Dinesh K. , Nino Gustavo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionIFN lambda (type III‐IFN‐λ1) is a molecule primarily produced by epithelial cells that provides an important first‐line defence against viral respiratory infections and has been linked to the pathogenesis of viral‐induced wheezing in early life. The goal of this study was to better understand the regulation of innate IFN‐lambda responses in vitro in primary human infant airway epithelial cells (AECs) and in vivo using nasal aspirates during viral respiratory infections.MethodsIFN‐lambda protein levels were quantified: (a) in human infant AECs exposed to (poly(I:C) dsRNA) under different experimental conditions (n = 8 donors); and (b) in nasal aspirates of young children (≤3 years) hospitalized with viral respiratory infection (n = 138) and in uninfected controls (n = 74). In vivo IFN‐lambda airway levels during viral infections were correlated with individual characteristics and respiratory disease parameters.ResultsOur in vitro experiments showed that the poly(I:C)‐induced innate production of IFN lambda in human infant AECs is regulated by (a) p38‐MAPK/NF‐kB dependent mechanism; and (b) exposure to pro‐inflammatory signals such as IL1β. Our in vivo studies demonstrated that (a) infants (<18 months) had higher virus‐induced IFN‐lambda airway secretion; (b) subjects with RSV infection showed the highest IFN‐lambda airway levels; and (c) individuals with the highest virus‐induced IFN‐lambda levels (>90th percentile) had higher viral loads and were more likely to have respiratory sick visits within 12 months of discharge (OR = 5.8).ConclusionIFN‐lambda responses to dsRNA in the human infant airway epithelium are regulated by p38‐MAPK and NF‐kB signalling. High in vivo IFN‐lambda production is influenced by virus type and associated with recurrent respiratory sick visits in young children.
Aromatase deficiency: A case series of 46, XX Chinese children and a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Fan Lijun , Zhang Beibei , Li Lele , Gong Chunxiu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundAromatase deficiency (AD) caused by cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A polypeptide 1 (CYP19A1) variants is characterized by a deficiency in androgen‐to‐oestrogen conversion.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics and accurate management of aromatase‐deficient children.Patients and methodsWe described three 46, XX aromatase‐deficient children, searched PubMed with “(aromatase deficiency) AND (46, XX OR ovaries)” and manually searched citations in identified studies for the literature review.ResultsTwo girls and one boy (3.4‐9.2 years) with the 46, XX karyotype presented ambiguous genitalia and maternal antenatal virilization, normal‐low height, delayed bone age, normal glucose and lipid profiles, markedly elevated follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and poor oestradiol responses to human menopausal gonadotropin stimulation. Ultrasound revealed normal‐sized uterus and ovaries with undetectable follicles. Histopathology revealed primordial follicles and few primary follicles in ovaries. One patient presented granulosa and follicular membrane cell proliferation and interstitial sclerosis. We identified four CYP19A1 variants; c.146_158del and c.344G >A were unreported. We reviewed available data from thirty 46, XX patients (0.2‐32 years). Some patients were not diagnosed until puberty/adulthood; three were initially misdiagnosed with congenital adrenocortical hyperplasia. The main characteristics were maternal antenatal virilization (21/29), ambiguous genitalia (mainly Prader IV or III, 19/23), delayed bone age (16/17), low bone mass (5/8), markedly elevated FSH levels and ovarian cysts (13/30).Conclusions46, XX AD is easily neglected or misdiagnosed. Ambiguous genitalia, maternal antenatal virilization and markedly elevated FSH levels are important diagnostic indicators. We described two novel variants, new histopathological features of ovaries and an early management strategy.
Lovers for a time, mothers for life: Ecosystemic analysis of blended family experiences of lesbian mothers and stepmothers
Authors: Lavoie Kévin , Saint‐Jacques Marie‐Christine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article presents results of a qualitative study of blended lesbian‐headed families with children from previous same‐sex relationships. Conducted in partnership with the LGBT Family Coalition, this study adopts an ecosystemic approach to document the experiences of parental separation and family blending of 17 (n = 17) lesbian mothers and stepmothers in the province of Quebec, Canada. The challenges these women face in these periods of transition, particularly in terms of post‐separation co‐parenting and family reorganization, are analysed with particular concern for the daily stresses of heterosexism and membership in a sexual minority. Various strategies used to overcome these challenges, the positive outcomes of creating blended families and the stepmother's place and role within the family are examined. A discussion of the support and intervention needs of these families concludes the paper.