bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mediating effect of soluble B-cell activation immune markers on the association between anthropometric and lifestyle factors and lymphoma development
Authors: Saberi Hosnijeh Fatemeh , Kolijn Pieter M. , Casabonne Delphine , Nieters Alexandra , Solans Marta , Naudin Sabine , Ferrari Pietro , Mckay James D. , Weiderpass Elisabete , Perduca Vittorio , Besson Caroline , Mancini Francesca Romana , Masala Giovanna , Krogh Vittorio , Ricceri Fulvio , Huerta José M. , Petrova Dafina , Sala Núria , Trichopoulou Antonia , Karakatsani Anna , La Vecchia Carlo , Kaaks Rudolf , Canzian Federico , Aune Dagfinn , Boeing Heiner , Schulze Matthias B. , Perez-Cornago Aurora , Langerak Anton W. , van der Velden Vincent H. J. , Vermeulen Roel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSustained B-cell activation is an important mechanism contributing to B-cell lymphoma (BCL). We aimed to validate four previously reported B-cell activation markers predictive of BCL risk (sCD23, sCD27, sCD30, and CXCL13) and to examine their possible mediating effects on the association between anthropometric and lifestyle factors and major BCL subtypes. Pre-diagnostic serum levels were measured for 517 BCL cases and 525 controls in a nested case–control study. The odds ratios of BCL were 6.2 in the highest versus lowest quartile for sCD23, 2.6 for sCD30, 4.2 for sCD27, and 2.6 for CXCL13. Higher levels of all markers were associated with increased risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), follicular lymphoma (FL), and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Following mutual adjustment for the other immune markers, sCD23 remained associated with all subtypes and CXCL13 with FL and DLBCL. The associations of sCD23 with CLL and DLBCL and CXCL13 with DLBCL persisted among cases sampled > 9 years before diagnosis. sCD23 showed a good predictive ability (area under the curve = 0.80) for CLL, in particular among older, male participants. sCD23 and CXCL13 showed a mediating effect between body mass index (positive) and DLBCL risk, while CXCL13 contributed to the association between physical activity (inverse) and DLBCL. Our data suggest a role of B-cell activation in BCL development and a mediating role of the immune system for lifestyle factors.
Long-read assays shed new light on the transcriptome complexity of a viral pathogen
Authors: Tombácz Dóra , Prazsák István , Csabai Zsolt , Moldován Norbert , Dénes Béla , Snyder Michael , Boldogkői Zsolt 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCharacterization of global transcriptomes using conventional short-read sequencing is challenging due to the insensitivity of these platforms to transcripts isoforms, multigenic RNA molecules, and transcriptional overlaps. Long-read sequencing (LRS) can overcome these limitations by reading full-length transcripts. Employment of these technologies has led to the redefinition of transcriptional complexities in reported organisms. In this study, we applied LRS platforms from Pacific Biosciences and Oxford Nanopore Technologies to profile the vaccinia virus (VACV) transcriptome. We performed cDNA and direct RNA sequencing analyses and revealed an extremely complex transcriptional landscape of this virus. In particular, VACV genes produce large numbers of transcript isoforms that vary in their start and termination sites. A significant fraction of VACV transcripts start or end within coding regions of neighbouring genes. This study provides new insights into the transcriptomic profile of this viral pathogen.
Diagnosis and mortality prediction of sepsis via lysophosphatidylcholine 16:0 measured by MALDI-TOF MS
Authors: Lee Eun Hye , Shin Mi Hwa , Park Jong-Min , Lee Sang-Guk , Ku Nam Su , Kim Young Sam , Park Moo Suk , Pyun Jae-Chul , Chung Kyung Soo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSepsis remains a critical problem with high mortality worldwide, but there is still a lack of reliable biomarkers. We aimed to evaluate the serum lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) 16:0 as a biomarker of sepsis using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Patients admitted to intensive care unit at Severance Hospital from March 2017 through June 2018 were prospectively enrolled. The inclusion criteria were the fulfillment of at least two criteria of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or the presence of sepsis. Of the 127 patients, 14 had non-infectious SIRS, 41 had sepsis, and 72 had septic shock. The mean serum LPC 16:0 concentration (µmol/L) in non-infectious SIRS was significantly higher than in patients with sepsis and septic shock (101.1 vs. 48.92, p < 0.05; 101.1 vs. 25.88, p < 0.001, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) predicting 28-day mortality using ΔLPC16:0 (D1-D0) levels was 0.7, which was comparable with the APACHE II score (AUC 0.692) and SOFA score (AUC 0.67). Mechanical ventilation, CRRT, lactate, Δ LPC16:0 (D1-D0) less than the cut-off value were significantly associated with 28-day mortality in multivariable analysis. Our results suggest that LPC16:0 could be a useful biomarker for sepsis diagnosis and mortality prediction in ICU patients.
A fine-tuned β-catenin regulation during proliferation of corneal endothelial cells revealed using proteomics analysis
Authors: Maurizi Eleonora , Schiroli Davide , Zini Roberta , Limongelli Anna , Mistò Raffaela , Macaluso Claudio , Pellegrini Graziella 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCorneal endothelial (CE) dysfunction is the main indication for corneal transplantation, an invasive procedure with several limitations. Developing novel strategies to re-activate CE regenerative capacity is, therefore, of fundamental importance. This goal has proved to be challenging as corneal endothelial cells (CEnC) are blocked in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle in vivo and, albeit retaining proliferative capacity in vitro, this is further hindered by endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Herein we investigated the mechanisms regulating CEnC proliferation in vitro. Comparing the proteome of non-proliferating (in vivo—G0/G1) and proliferating (in vitro—G2/M) rabbit CEnC (rCEnC), 77 proteins, out of 3,328 identified, were differentially expressed in the two groups (p < 0.005). Literature and Gene Ontology analysis revealed β-catenin and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) pathways to be correlated with the identified proteins. Treatment of rCEnC with a β-catenin activator and inhibitor showed that β-catenin activation was necessary during rCEnC proliferation, but not sufficient for its induction. Furthermore, both pro-proliferative activity of basic fibroblast growth factor and anti-proliferative effects of TGF-β were regulated through β-catenin. Overall, these results provide novel insights into the molecular basis underlying the proliferation process that CEnC re-activate in vitro, consolidating the role of β-catenin and TGF-β.
Collective effects of the cost of opinion change
Authors: Schawe Hendrik , Hernández Laura 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe study the dynamics of opinion formation in the situation where changing opinion involves a cost for the agents. To do so we couple the dynamics of a heterogeneous bounded confidence Hegselmann–Krause model with that of the resources that the agents invest on each opinion change. The outcomes of the dynamics are non-trivial and strongly depend on the different regions of the confidence parameter space. In particular, a second order phase transition, for which we determine the corresponding critical exponents, is found in the region where a re-entrant consensus phase is observed in the heterogeneous Hegselmann–Krause model. For regions where consensus always exist in the heterogeneous Hegselmann–Krause model, the introduction of cost does not lead to a phase transition but just to a continuous decrease of the size of the largest opinion cluster. Finally in the region where fragmentation is expected in the heterogeneous HK model, the introduction of a very small cost surprisingly increases the size of the largest opinion cluster.
Effects of neonatal isoflurane anesthesia exposure on learning-specific and sensory systems in adults
Authors: Aksenov Daniil P. , Venkatasubramanian Palamadai N. , Miller Michael J. , Dixon Conor J. , Li Limin , Wyrwicz Alice M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMillions of children undergo general anesthesia each year, and animal and human studies have indicated that exposure to anesthesia at an early age can impact neuronal development, leading to behavioral and learning impairments that manifest later in childhood and adolescence. Here, we examined the effects of isoflurane, a commonly-used general anesthetic, which was delivered to newborn rabbits. Trace eyeblink classical conditioning was used to assess the impact of neonatal anesthesia exposure on behavioral learning in adolescent subjects, and a variety of MRI techniques including fMRI, MR volumetry, spectroscopy and DTI captured functional, metabolic, and structural changes in key regions of the learning and sensory systems associated with anesthesia-induced learning impairment. Our results demonstrated a wide array of changes that were specific to anesthesia-exposed subjects, which supports previous studies that have pointed to a link between early anesthesia exposure and the development of learning and behavioral deficiencies. These findings point to the need for caution in avoiding excessive use of general anesthesia in young children and neonates.
Adaptation in U.S. Corn Belt increases resistance to soil carbon loss with climate change
Authors: Zhang Yao , Marx Ernie , Williams Stephen , Gurung Ram , Ogle Stephen , Horton Radley , Bader Daniel , Paustian Keith 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIncreasing the amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) has agronomic benefits and the potential to mitigate climate change. Previous regional predictions of SOC trends under climate change often ignore or do not explicitly consider the effect of crop adaptation (i.e., changing planting dates and varieties). We used the DayCent biogeochemical model to examine the effect of adaptation on SOC for corn and soybean production in the U.S. Corn Belt using climate data from three models. Without adaptation, yields of both corn and soybean tended to decrease and the decomposition of SOC tended to increase leading to a loss of SOC with climate change compared to a baseline scenario with no climate change. With adaptation, the model predicted a substantially higher crop yield. The increase in yields and associated carbon input to the SOC pool counteracted the increased decomposition in the adaptation scenarios, leading to similar SOC stocks under different climate change scenarios. Consequently, we found that crop management adaptation to changing climatic conditions strengthen agroecosystem resistance to SOC loss. However, there are differences spatially in SOC trends. The northern part of the region is likely to gain SOC while the southern part of the region is predicted to lose SOC.
Contribution of endogenous antibodies to learning deficits and astrocytosis in human P301S mutant tau transgenic mice
Authors: van der Hoven Julia , van Hummel Annika , Przybyla Magdalena , Asih Prita R. , Gajwani Mehul , Feiten Astrid F. , Ke Yazi D. , Ittner Arne , van Eersel Janet , Ittner Lars M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAntibodies have been explored extensively as a potential therapeutic for Alzheimer’s disease, where amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and the tau protein deposit in patient brains. While the major focus of antibody-based therapy development was on Aβ, arguably with limited success in clinical trials, targeting tau has become an emerging strategy, possibly extending therapies to dementias with isolated tau pathology. Interestingly, low titres of autoantibodies to pathological tau have been described in humans and transgenic mouse models, but their pathophysiological relevance remained elusive. Here, we used two independent approaches to deplete the B-cell lineage and hence antibody formation in human P301S mutant tau transgenic mice, TAU58/2. TAU58/2 mice were either crossed with the B-cell-deficient Ighm knockout line (muMT−/−) or treated with anti-CD20 antibodies that target B-cell precursors. In both models, B-cell depletion significantly reduced astrocytosis in TAU58/2 mice. Only when B-cells were absent throughout life, in TAU58/2.muMT−/− mice, were spatial learning deficits moderately aggravated while motor performance improved as compared to B-cell-competent TAU58/2 mice. This was associated with changes in brain region-specific tau solubility. No other relevant behavioural or neuropathological changes were observed in TAU58/2 mice in the absence of B-cells/antibodies. Taken together, our data suggests that the presence of antibodies throughout life contributes to astrocytosis in TAU58/2 mice and limits learning deficits, while other deficits and neuropathological changes appear to be independent of the presence of B-cells/antibodies.
Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes the proliferation of epithelial ovarian cancer cells by activating sphingosine kinase
Authors: Song Keqi , Dai Lan , Long Xiaoran , Wang Wenjing , Di Wen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFollicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is closely related to the pathogenesis and progression of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, until now, knowledge relating to FSH-driven signalling pathways that lead to the growth of EOC remained incomplete. We sought to explore whether sphingosine kinase (SphK) could mediate FSH-induced ovarian cancer cell proliferation and which pathway might be involved in this process. The expression of phospho-SphK1 and phospho-SphK2 was detected in sections of EOC tissues by Immunohistochemical staining, and clinical significances were analyzed by statistical analysis. EOC cells were treated with FSH or/and SKI-II. CCK8 assays and colony formation assays were used to investigate cell proliferation. Western blot was carried out to detect protein expression in EOC cell line after treated with FSH. Here, for the first time, we provide evidence that high expression levels of phospho-SphK1 and phospho-SphK2 were both prognostic indicators of overall survival (OS) in EOC. Additionally, the expression levels of both phospho-SphK1 and phospho-SphK2 were closely correlated with the expression level of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in ovarian cancer tissues. FSH stimulated the phosphorylation of both SphK1 and SphK2 and was able to regulate the survival and growth of ovarian cancer cells by activating SphK1 and SphK2 through ERK1/2. Both isoenzymes of SphK were equally responsible for FSH-induced cell proliferation of EOC. Both Erk1/2 and Akt activation play important roles in mediating FSH-induced cell proliferation after phosphorylation of SphK. Moreover, our data demonstrated that S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) and S1PR3, key components of the SphK signalling system, were involved in FSH-mediated proliferation of EOC. Taken together, the results of the current study revealed that SphK is an essential mediator in FSH-induced proliferation of ovarian cancer cells in EOC, which indicates a new signalling pathway that controls FSH-mediated growth in EOC and suggests a new strategy that pharmaceutically targets both isoenzymes of SphK for the management of ovarian cancer.
Elastic modulus evolution of rocks under heating–cooling cycles
Authors: Liu Weidong , Zhang Liangchi , Luo Ning 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRocks decay significantly during or after heating–cooling cycles, which can in turn lead to hazards such as landslide and stone building collapse. Nevertheless, the deterioration mechanisms are unclear. This paper presents a simple and reliable method to explore the mechanical property evolutions of representative sandstones during heating–cooling cycles. It was found that rock decay takes place in both heating and cooling processes, and dramatic modulus changes occurred near the α − β phase transition temperature of quartz. Our analysis also revealed that the rock decay is mainly attributed to the internal cracking. The underlying mechanism is the heterogeneous thermal deformation of mineral grains and the α – β phase transition of quartz.
Risk of fracture according to glucocorticoid use after renal biopsy: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Lee Eunyoung , Lee Min-Jeong , Park Bumhee , Park Inwhee 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFew data are available regarding fracture risk in patients treated with glucocorticoids, including patients with kidney disease. A population-based retrospective cohort study was performed using Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database, a South Korean nationwide cohort set. This study identified 44,702 patients with diagnosis code of kidney diseases who received a renal biopsy between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2017. A total of 8,624 patients met all study inclusion criteria. A total of 1,406 fractures of any site were observed in the study period. The glucocorticoid-exposed group had more fractures than the unexposed (14.4% vs 8.8%, P < 0.0001). Vertebral fractures were the most common, followed by upper limb, and lower limb fractures. The exposed group showed a remarkably higher hazard ratio of fracture risk (HR 6.0, 95% CI 5.01–7.23) than the unexposed group, indicating systemic glucocorticoid exposure was highly associated with fracture risk. Although HR increased at doses even less than 5 mg/day, it was independent of dose. Older age showed a significant effect on fracture risk (HR 1.2, 95% CI 1.05–1.44), even after adjusting for systemic glucocorticoid exposure. Glucocorticoids was associated with higher risk of fracture even at a low daily dose and short term exposure.
Improving growth properties and phytochemical compounds of Echinacea purpurea (L.) medicinal plant using novel nitrogen slow release fertilizer under greenhouse conditions
Authors: Ahmadi Fatemeh , Samadi Abbas , Rahimi Amir 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMedicinal plant production is most important than other agricultural plants due to their phytochemical compounds effects on human health. Paying attention to plant nutrition requirement is so important. In order to assess the effect of nitrate (NO3−) dosage supplies from two types of fertilizers on growth and phytochemical properties of Echinacea purpurea rhizomata cum radicibus, an experiment with completely simple design was carried out under greenhouse conditions. Two types of fertilizers (new invented nitrogen (N) slow release fertilizer and urea chemical fertilizer) at three dosages (50, 100, and 150 mM) were applied. Plant growth parameters and total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC), polysaccarides content, essential oil content, caffeic acid derivatives, and anti-radical scavenging activities of E. purpurea were assessed. The results showed the significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences among treatments, both in growth and phytochemical properties. Using of N slow release, especially in 150 mM dosage, significantly increased all the plant growth and phytochemical properties. The dried E. purpurea rhizomata cum radicibus contained more caftaric acid (max 12.56 mg g−1 DW) and chicoric acid (max 7.56 mg g−1 DW) than other derivatives. Despite the impact of heavy metals on yield and growth of E. purpurea, the concentration of all heavy metals and micronutrients (boron (B), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)) in studied soil and fertilizer samples was less than United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) limits of contamination. Based on the results, using of N slow release fertilizers can improve phytochemical properties of the plant due to its polymeric structure and can be a suitable substitution of chemical fertilizers, especially in medicinal plants growth.
Human adiponectin receptor AdipoR1 assumes closed and open structures
Authors: Tanabe Hiroaki , Fujii Yoshifumi , Okada-Iwabu Miki , Iwabu Masato , Kano Kuniyuki , Kawana Hiroki , Hato Masakatsu , Nakamura Yoshihiro , Terada Takaho , Kimura-Someya Tomomi , Shirouzu Mikako , Kawano Yoshiaki , Yamamoto Masaki , Aoki Junken , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Kadowaki Takashi , Yokoyama Shigeyuki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe human adiponectin receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, are key anti-diabetic molecules. We previously reported the crystal structures of human AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, revealing that their seven transmembrane helices form an internal closed cavity (the closed form). In this study, we determined the crystal structure of the D208A variant AdipoR1, which is fully active with respect to the major downstream signaling. Among the three molecules in the asymmetric unit, two assume the closed form, and the other adopts the open form with large openings in the internal cavity. Between the closed- and open-form structures, helices IV and V are tilted with their intracellular ends shifted by about 4 and 11 Å, respectively. Furthermore, we reanalyzed our previous wild-type AdipoR1 diffraction data, and determined a 44:56 mixture of the closed and open forms, respectively. Thus, we have clarified the closed-open interconversion of AdipoR1, which may be relevant to its functional mechanism(s).
Direct observation of time-asymmetric breakdown of the standard adiabaticity around an exceptional point
Authors: Choi Youngsun , Yoon Jae Woong , Hong Jong Kyun , Ryu Yeonghwa , Song Seok Ho 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecent study on topological operations around an exceptional point singularity has shown remarkably robust chiral processes that potentially create time-asymmetric or nonreciprocal systems and devices. Nevertheless, direct observation of the entire dynamics in the courses of the topological operations has not been revealed in experiments thus far. Here, we report a comprehensive experimental study on fully time-resolved dynamic-state evolution passages during encircling-an-exceptional-point operations. Using dynamically tunable electrical oscillators, we create a self-intersecting eigenvalue topology with an unprecedented accuracy and experimentally confirm that the time-asymmetric breakdown of the standard adiabaticity is indeed unavoidable when the system encircles an exceptional point in the canonical adiabatic limit. We further discuss the impact of parasitic noises on the time-asymmetric mode-transfer performance and subsequent considerations for practical design requirements.
CLCA4 and MS4A12 as the significant gene biomarkers of primary colorectal cancer
Authors: Han Jing , Zhang Xue , Liu Yan , Jing Li , Liu Yi-bing , Feng Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Primary colorectal cancer (PCRC) is a common digestive tract cancer in the elderly. However, the treatment effect of PCRC is still limited, and the long-term survival rate is low. Therefore, further exploring the pathogenesis of PCRC, and searching for specific molecular targets for diagnosis are the development trends of precise medical treatment, which have important clinical significance.
Methods: The public data were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Verification for repeatability of intra-group data was performed by Pearson’s correlation test and principal component analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and PCRC were identified, and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Significant module and hub genes were found in the PPI network. A total of 192 PCRC patients were recruited between 2010 and 2019 from the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. RT-PCR was used to measure the relative expression of CLCA4 and MS4A12. Furthermore, the study explored the effect of expression of CLCA4 and MS4A12 for overall survival.
Results: A total of 53 DEGs were identified between PCRC and normal colorectal tissues. Ten hub genes concerned to PCRC were screened, namely CLCA4, GUCA2A, GCG, SST, MS4A12, PLP1, CHGA, PYY, VIP, and GUCA2B. The PCRC patients with low expression of CLCA4 and MS4A12 has a worse overall survival than high expression of CLCA4 and MS4A12 (P&lt;0.05).
Conclusion: The research of DEGs in PCRC (53 DEGs, 10 hub genes, especially CLCA4 and MS4A12) and related signaling pathways is conducive to the differential analysis of the molecular mechanism of PCRC.