bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Margins in Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Predictors, Outcomes, and the Endoscopic Approach
Authors: Torabi Sina J. , Spock Todd , Cardoso Bruno , Chao Janet , Morse Elliot , Manes R. Peter , Judson Benjamin L. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo identify factors associated with positive margins following surgical management of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC), especially with regard to endoscopic treatment.MethodsIn a retrospective analysis of adult patients with clinically staged tumor (T)1 to T4a SNSCC within the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2004 to 2014, factors were associated with positive margins using multivariable binary logistic regression. Cases from 2010 to 2014 had surgical approach (open vs. endoscopic) available and were analyzed in a subgroup to assess the association of surgical approach with margin status. The association of margin status with overall survival (OS) and additional therapy administration was also assessed.ResultsWe identified 2,968 cases, of which 807 (27.2%) had positive margins. On multivariable analysis, factors associated with positive margins included higher T stage (T4a vs. T1: odds ratio [OR] 2.768 [95% CI 2.143–3.577]), less differentiated tumors (poorly differentiated vs. well differentiated: OR 1.403 [95% CI 1.060–1.856]), and tumors in the ethmoid sinus (vs. nasal cavity; OR 1.889 [95% CI 1.305–2.734]). Cases treated at higher volume facilities (HVFs) were associated with a lower likelihood of positive margins (OR 0.716 [95% CI 0.582–0.881]). Positive margins were associated with decreased OS (hazard ratio 1.672 [95% CI 1.464–1.908]) and an increased rate of additional therapy (OR 1.966 [95% confidence interval 1.597–2.421]). An endoscopic approach was not associated with an increased likelihood of obtaining positive margins (vs. open; OR 1.151 [0.903–1.651]).ConclusionPositive margins were less likely when performed at HVFs and more likely in the ethmoid sinus than other subsites. Importantly, there was no association between positive margins and surgical approach. Endoscopic surgery may offer a safe, less invasive alternative to open surgery for select patients.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 130:E388–E396, 2020
Efficacy and safety of steroid‐impregnated implants following sinus surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Wanpeng , Lu Hanyu , Wang Huan , Sun Xicai , Wang Dehui 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThe purpose of this meta‐analysis was to discuss the efficacy and safety of bioabsorbable steroid‐impregnated implants following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were comprehensively searched for studies comparing the experimental group (bioabsorbable steroid‐impregnated implants) with the control group (bioabsorbable nonsteroid‐impregnated implants). Lund‐Kennedy scores, Perioperative Sinus Endoscopy (POSE) scores, polyp change, significant adhesion, middle turbinate lateralization, and adverse events were extracted from the final eligible studies. RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze the data.ResultsEight randomized controlled trials were included in our analysis. The experimental group showed no significant differences from the control group in Lund‐Kennedy scores (weighted mean difference (WMD) −0.40; 95% confidence interval [confidence interval (CI)] −1.05 to −0.62; P = 0.23). The experimental group had lower POSE scores compared with the control group, and there was a significant difference (WMD −1.88; 95% CI −2.32 to −1.43, P < 0.00001). The pooled results also demonstrated significant differences in polyp change, significant adhesion, and middle turbinate lateralization between the two groups. In addition, there was no significant difference with respect to adverse events between the two groups (odds ratio (OR) 0.38; 95% CI: 0.07 to 2.03; P = 0.26).ConclusionBioabsorbable steroid‐impregnated implants following ESS are effective in improving the endoscopic appearance of the healing process, and the safety profile appears to be favorable for the treatment of CRS patients.Level of Evidence1A Laryngoscope, 2019
Soil organic carbon sequestration and its stability after vegetation restoration in the Loess Hilly Region, China
Authors: Xu Hongwei , Qu Qing , Wang Minggang , Li Peng , Li Yuanze , Xue Sha , Liu Guobin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVegetation restoration is widely recognized as a way to improve soil organic carbon (SOC) stock. However, whether these recovered carbons are stable is yet largely uncertain. Thus, we determined the sequestration and stability of SOC in soils with three different types (Caragana korshinskii (CA) aged for 10, 20, 36, and 47 years, Hippophae rhamnoides (HR) aged for 5, 10, 20, and 30 years, and Robinia pseudoacacia (RP) aged for 5, 10, 20, 37, and 56 years) to compare their SOC sequestration and stability in different depths in this study. The SOC content, SOC stock, very labile fraction of oxidizable carbon (C1), labile fraction of oxidizable carbon (C2), and carbon management index (CMI) in 0–30 cm depths of the three types increased over the chronosequence. The SOC stocks increased by 1.40–3.19 Mg ha−1 in CA during the 47‐year restoration, by 5.76–10.01 Mg ha−1 in HR during the 30‐year restoration and by 1.88–8.93 Mg ha−1 in RP during the 56‐year restoration, respectively, in 0–30 cm depths. The carbon stability index (SI) in 0–10 cm depth of CA, 0–30 cm depths of HR, and 0–50 cm depths of RP decreased with recovery time. Over the recovery time, SOC content, SOC stock, CMI, and SI were lower than those of nature forest (NF aged more than 100 years) in all restored sites at the later stage of recovery. SOC sequestration decreased, but its stability increased, with the soil depths. Overall, HR had a higher SOC sequestration rate and lower SI (0–30 cm) than CA and RP. Our results revealed that although the SOC sequestration appears enhanced over the restoration, but the SOC stability becomes lower, so that the recovery of these site to the level of NF may meet difficulties in this semiarid Loess Hilly Region.
Capillary Refill—The Key to Assessing Dermal Capillary Capacity and Pathology in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Casper M. J. , Glahn J. , Evers M. , Schulz‐Hildebrandt H. , Kositratna G. , Birngruber R. , Hüttmann G. , Manstein D. 
Published: November 2019

Background/ObjectivesStandard optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has been limited to imaging blood vessels actively undergoing perfusion, providing a temporary picture of surface microvasculature. Capillary perfusion in the skin is dynamic and changes in response to the surrounding tissue's respiratory, nutritional, and thermoregulatory needs. Hence, OCTA often represents a given perfusion state without depicting the actual extent of the vascular network. Here we present a method for obtaining a more accurate anatomic representation of the surface capillary network in human skin using OCTA, along with proposing a new parameter, the Relative Capillary Capacity (RCC), a quantifiable proxy for assessing capillary dilation potential and permeability.MethodsOCTA images were captured at baseline and after compression of the skin. Baseline images display ambient capillary perfusion, while images taken upon capillary refill display the network of existing capillaries at full capacity. An optimization‐based automated vessel segmentation method was used to automatically analyze and compare OCTA image sequences obtained from two volunteers. RCC was then compared with visual impressions of capillary viability.ResultsOur OCTA imaging sequence provides a method for mapping cutaneous capillary networks independent of ambient perfusion. Differences between baseline and refill images clearly demonstrate the shortcomings of standard OCTA imaging and produce the RCC biometric as a quantifiable proxy for assessing capillary dilation potential and permeability.ConclusionFuture dermatological OCTA diagnostic studies should implement the Capillary Refill Methods over standard imaging techniques and further explore the relevance of RCC to differential diagnosis and dermatopathology. Lasers Surg. Med. © The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hepatocyte‐Specific Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Based Assessment of Indeterminate Hepatic Nodules in the Liver Transplant Evaluation of Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Kim Ha Il , Jang Jong Keon , Lim Jihye , Chang Seheon , An Jihyun , Kang Hyo Jeong , Song Gi‐Won , Lee Sung‐Gyu , Kim So Yeon , Shim Ju Hyun 
Published: November 2019

We aimed to determine the identities in explants of indeterminate hepatic nodules (IDNs) that had been scanned by dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to establish clinicoradiological parameters predicting which IDNs were hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). This study included 88 patients with cirrhosis who underwent gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI in pre–liver transplantation (LT) workup followed within 90 days by primary LT. The MRI detected 168 hepatic nodules that were classified into 6 benign tumors, 49 HCCs, and 113 IDNs, in 5, 34, and 72 patients, respectively. We compared these pre‐LT radiologic diagnoses and stagings with explant pathology on a per‐lesion basis to enable us to identify features of IDNs related to malignancy. Of the 168 nodules seen on MRI, 119 that were classified radiologically as consisting of 1 benign nodule (33.3%), 46 HCCs (93.9%), and 72 IDNs (63.7%) all turned out to be pathological HCCs. Of 32 patients inside Milan and 54 without HCC staged by MRI, 11 progressed beyond the criteria after LT. High serum alpha‐fetoprotein level (≥20 ng/mL) was the only per‐patient factor significantly associated with malignant IDNs. Per‐tumor analysis of the MRI signals revealed that arterial hyperintensity, hepatobiliary hypointensity, T2‐weighted mild‐to‐moderate intensity, and restricted diffusion‐weighted images were significantly correlated with malignant IDN. A model combining these 4 MRI factors with alpha‐fetoprotein level had the best performance in predicting the identification of IDNs as HCCs in explanted livers. Over 60% of the IDNs seen on dynamic images of cirrhotic livers proved to be HCCs when explanted livers were examined. It may therefore be possible to identify HCCs with reasonable accuracy by means of their hepatocyte‐specific MRI features when patients are being assessed for LT.
Textile‐Compatible, Electroactive Polyvinylidene Fluoride Electrospun Mats for Energy Harvesting
Authors: Forouharshad Mahdi , King Simon G. , Buxton Wesley , Kunovski Philip , Stolojan Vlad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPolymer piezoelectric nanogenerators have attracted attention for mechanical energy harvesting, for powering wearable electronics and movement sensing applications. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a flexible and efficient electroactive polymer, however, it is a polymorph for which only two phases (of five) are piezoelectric. Herein are produced breathable and flexible textile‐compatible electroactive mats via electrospinning, and the polymorphism of PVDF nanofibers during deposition is controlled, rather than post‐fabrication, meaning that this process is directly compatible with textile manufacturing. The electrospinning process combines mechanical stretching and electrical poling and results in the alignment of dipoles in the nanofibers. The local stretching of polymer chains at each position on the fibre point impacts the polymorph relative content in that area. It is found that finer PVDF fibres (ø < 50 nm) have a lower electroactive crystal phase content compared to medium thickness‐range fibres (100 nm < ø < 500 nm), whilst thicker fibres (ø > 1000 nm) show distinct areas of lower (fibres with beading) and higher (smooth fibres) electroactive phase content. Ultimately, fibrous mats produced using solutions with a high polymer concentration have a lower bead content and the most uniform medium‐range fibre thickness, consequently resulting in the highest content of the electroactive phase.
Chemical Composition of Hexene‐Based Linear Low‐Density Polyethylene by Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics
Authors: Boyron Olivier , Taam Manel , Boisson Christophe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMid and near infrared (MIR and NIR) spectroscopy associated with the partial least squares (PLS) method makes it possible to rapidly characterize the composition of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) in a large range of 1‐hexene content from 0 to 21 mol%. LLDPEs are produced using zirconocene catalysts activated with methylaluminoxane. PLS regression methods for MIR and NIR are constructed from this series of LLDPEs to quantify the 1‐hexene content in unknown copolymers. In this case, the PLS regression method aims to correlate the 1‐hexene content in the copolymers with their IR spectra. Multivariate calibration models are constructed by the PLS algorithm on pretreated data of MIR and NIR analyses. They are tested and validated by comparing results obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance and the PLS analyses for four unknown ethylene‐1‐hexene copolymers.
On closed Lie ideals of certain tensor products of C∗‐algebras II
Authors: Gupta Ved Prakash , Jain Ranjana , Talwar Bharat 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe identify all closed Lie ideals of and , where is either the Haagerup tensor product, the Banach space projective tensor product or the operator space projective tensor product, A is any simple ‐algebra, B is any ‐algebra with one of them admitting no tracial states, and H is an infinite dimensional separable Hilbert space. Further, generalizing a result of Marcoux, we also identify all closed Lie ideals of , where A is a simple ‐algebra with at most one tracial state and B is any commutative ‐algebra.
Early‐Stage Parkinson's Patients Show Selective Impairment in Reactive But Not Proactive Inhibition
Authors: Di Caprio Veronica , Modugno Nicola , Mancini Christian , Olivola Enrica , Mirabella Giovanni 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIt is well known that a deficit in inhibitory control is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, inhibition is not a unitary construct, and it is unclear whether patients in the early stage of the disease (Hoehn and Yahr stage 1) exhibit a deficit in outright stopping (reactive inhibition), a deficit in the ability to shape their response strategies according to the context (proactive inhibition), or both.ObjectiveWe assessed whether PD patients at Hoehn and Yahr stage 1 show a global or selective impairment in inhibitory control. As it has been suggested that inhibition relies upon a right‐lateralized pathway, we tested whether left‐dominant PD patients suffered from a more severe deficit in this executive function than right‐dominant PD patients.MethodsVia a reaching stop‐signal task, we assessed both proactive and reactive inhibition in 17 left‐dominant PD and 17 right‐dominant PD patients and in 24 age‐matched participants.ResultsWe found that reactive inhibition was more impaired in PD patients than in healthy participants. However, proactive inhibition was not affected. Furthermore, we found no differences between left‐dominant PD and right‐dominant PD patients.ConclusionsFor the first time, we found evidence for a deficit of reactive inhibition in the early‐stage PD patients in the absence of evidence for deficits in proactive inhibition. These findings have clinical relevance as they provide critical insights on the time course of the disease. In addition, we confirmed, on a population of PD patients at Hoehn and Yahr stage 1, previous results showing that the onset of the disease does not affect inhibition. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
A new frameshift mutation in L1CAM producing X‐linked hydrocephalus
Authors: Kong Weiqi , Wang Xueyan , Zhao Jing , Kang Min , Xi Na , Li Shengmei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundX‐linked hydrocephalus (XLH), characterized by mental retardation and bilateral adducted thumbs, often come out to be a genetic disorder of L1CAM. It codes the protein L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), playing a crucial role in the development of the nervous system. The objective of the study was to report a new disease‐causing mutation site of L1CAM, and gain further insight into the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus.MethodsWe collect the samples of a couple and their second hydrocephalic fetus. Then, the whole‐exome sequencing and in‐depth mutation analysis were performed.ResultsThe variant c.2491delG (p.V831fs), located in the exon 19 of L1CAM (chrX:153131214), could damage the L1CAM function by producing a frameshift in the translation of fibronectin type‐III of L1CAM.ConclusionWe identified a novel disease‐causing mutation in L1CAM for the first time, which further confirmed L1CAM as a gene underlying XLH cases.
Prenatal whole exome sequencing detects a new homozygous fukutin (FKTN) mutation in a fetus with an ultrasound suspicion of familial Dandy–Walker malformation
Authors: Traversa Alice , Bernardo Silvia , Paiardini Alessandro , Giovannetti Agnese , Marchionni Enrica , Genovesi Maria Luce , Guadagnolo Daniele , Torres Barbara , Paolacci Stefano , Bernardini Laura , Mazza Tommaso , Carella Massimo , Caputo Viviana , Pizzuti Antonio 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundPosterior fossa malformations are among the most diagnosed central nervous system (CNS) anomalies detected by ultrasound (US) in prenatal age. We identified the pathogenic gene mutation in a male fetus of 17 weeks of gestation with US suspicion of familial Dandy–Walker spectrum malformation, using Next Generation Sequencing approach in prenatal diagnosis.MethodsWhole exome sequencing (WES) approach has been performed on fetal genomic DNA. After reads preprocessing, mapping, variant calling, and annotation, a filtering strategy based on allelic frequency, recessive inheritance, and phenotypic ontologies has been applied. A fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 18 weeks of gestation has been performed. An in silico analysis of a potential causative missense variant in the fukutin protein has been carried out through a structural modeling approach.ResultsWe identified a new homozygous missense mutation in fukutin gene (FKTN, NM_006731.2: c.898G>A; NP_006722.2: p.Gly300Arg). Fetal MRI supported molecular findings. Structural modeling analyses indicated a potential pathogenetic mechanism of the variant, through a reduced activation of the sugar moieties, which in turn impairs transfer to dystroglycan and thus its glycosylation. These findings pointed to a redefinition of the US suspicion of recurrence of Dandy–Walker malformation (DWM) to a muscular dystrophy‐dystroglycanopathy type A4.ConclusionsThe present case confirmed WES as a reliable tool for the prenatal identification of the molecular bases of early‐detected CNS malformations.
Defected waveguide structure designs and characteristics
Authors: Chin Shu J. , Abd. Aziz Mohamad Z. A. , Ahmad Mohd R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article presented defected waveguide structure (DWS) designs and characteristics with microstrip‐fed circular monopole antenna for ultrawideband applications. Typically, waveguide is often designed and employed as antenna and filter application in its rigid dimension. The reconfigurable design toward the waveguide in terms of structural alteration with DWS was found less concerned among researchers although defected ground structure and defected microstrip structure have been applied widely. The motivation of this article was to propose the different DWS designs and characteristics in terms of the S‐parameters result. DWS in basic square geometry with different configurations of straight lines were introduced and compared with FR4 substrate waveguide. Simulated S‐parameters results were modeled in terms of equivalent circuit and measured for validation. For practical measurement, waveguide ports at both open‐ended surface of waveguide were replaced by the monopole antenna. For the modeled S‐parameters results, the square DWS design and square DWS with horizontal straight lines showed quite similar characteristics with higher S11 and lower S21 above frequency 9 GHz. Whereas square DWS with vertical straight lines and square DWS with both horizontal vertical straight lines showed higher S11 and lower S21 below frequency 3.5 GHz. Square DWS with vertical straight lines achieved the lowest S21 around −70 dB below 3.5 GHz and lower S21 around −50 dB at frequency 10.3 GHz. Thus, DWS is proposed for the future smart antenna technology as it can be further modified to meet the different requirements without changing the antenna configuration.
Economic value of conservation biological control for management of the Asian citrus psyllid, vector of citrus Huanglongbing disease
Authors: Monzó Cesar , Stansly Philip A 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDHuanglongbing (HLB) is the most devastating disease associated with citrus, transmitted by its principal vector Diaphorina citri, the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP). At present, the only effective action against this pathosystem is vector management. Owing to the severity of HLB, vector management mostly relies on highly frequent insecticide applications. While this strategy may be able to maintain the economic viability of citrus operations in the short term, it raises numerous concerns for the development of D. citri insecticide resistance as well as further impacts to human health and environmental sustainability.The present study estimates and allocates HLB management costs resulting from the loss of ACP conservation biological control (CBC) within vector‐intensive insecticide management regimes. Scenarios under different degrees of CBC were simulated and vector populations were estimated. CBC costs were calculated by subtracting the total HLB related costs of the scenarios with high ACP biological control to those of the scenarios with no or low biological control.RESULTSWe have estimated that an agroecosystem without an effective CBC management program for the suppression of ACP would result in predicted economical loss ranging from $1150 to $2000 per hectare. The proposed model translates to a total economic loss of approximately $300 million to Florida's citrus industry per season (36.42% of total Florida processed oranges production value).CONCLUSIONThese results help to identify the long‐term viability of the HLB management strategies currently implemented and highlight the urgency of finding a definitive and sustainable solution to HLB. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Alternative Synthesis Method for Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Ilnicka Anna , Lukaszewicz Jerzy P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt is demonstrated that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be synthetized on the surface of an example carbon background, activated carbon, using the thermal conversion of poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA). This newly discovered CNTs synthesis method is an alternative solution to previously known methods, e.g., chemical vapor deposition, arc discharge, and laser ablation. Scanning electron microscopy and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy images deliver direct evidence of CNT formation through the thermal degradation of PFA in a temperature range of 500–700 °C. The discovered process consists of the free growth of CNTs from PFA without any mechanical patterning, casting, or molding. CNTs obtained in this manner resemble MWCNTs in size, though according to microscopic investigation the tubes do not possess the well‐developed layered structure of MWCNTs. Nonetheless, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy studies fully confirm that carbon (C) is the main elemental constituent of the tubes (C atomic content above 85%) and C atoms are structured in a manner typical of defected CNTs (D, G, and G' intensity ratios).