bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Branch Duct Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: Recommendations for Follow-Up and Surgery
Authors: Caravati A. , Andrianello S. , Pollini T. , Biancotto M. , Balduzzi A. , Malleo G. , Salvia R. , Marchegiani G. 
Published: February 2020

Background and Aims: Pancreatic cysts are increasingly diagnosed, mainly during abdominal imaging performed for other reasons. Between pancreatic cystic neoplasm, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms are the most common pre-malignant entities. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms involving side branches overall harbor a low risk of malignancy, and in the recent past, a progressively more conservative approach has been consolidated. Purpose of this report is to summarize the evidence supporting the current practice for the management of branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and to offer a useful practical guide from first observation to post-operative follow-up. Materials and Methods: Review of the most important scientific literature on intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms was made. In this review article, we also report the experience of a high volume center in managing Pancreatic cystic neoplasms. Results: The correct management during surveillance still is a matter of debate, since many guidelines have been published suggesting different clinical approaches. Recently, follow-up discontinuation has also been proposed in selected cases. Conclusion: Despite significant improvements made by the increase of evidence, selecting surgical candidates because of an increased risk of malignant progression remains an unsolved issue and a hot topic for pancreatologists.
Grainyhead-like transcription factors in cancer – Focus on recent developments
Authors: Kotarba Grzegorz , Taracha-Wisniewska Agnieszka , Wilanowski Tomasz 
Published: February 2020

The role of grainyhead-like transcription factors in cancer has been widely investigated by the scientific community. However, some of its aspects do not seem to be adequately appreciated, and these are the topic of our article. In addition to their well-documented role as tumor suppressors, in many cases the grainyhead-like proteins perform tumor-promoting functions, which make them potential drug targets. However, it is difficult to directly target transcription factors, which is why we recommend an alternative approach. The transcriptional transactivation activity of grainyhead-like transcription factors is regulated by phosphorylation, and protein kinases are much more feasible drug targets. Studying the phosphorylation of grainyhead-like proteins may thus allow to identify protein kinases regulating the activity of these factors, and design inhibitors of these kinases to indirectly regulate the activity of grainyhead-like transcription factors. There are many somatic mutations in the GRHL genes that occur during cancer development. These mutations are widely distributed across the GRHL loci, and these mutations are very rare. For this reason, they are unlikely to become targets of future therapies, nevertheless some of them may be driver mutations and studying them may provide important novel information about the regulation of functioning of the GRHL genes and proteins. Analogous information may be obtained by studying single nucleotide polymorphisms in GRHL genes that are associated with disease risk. Such polymorphisms may also prove useful in identifying individuals with an increased risk of a particular disease. Impact statement In the present article, we focus on relatively little appreciated aspects of involvement of the grainyhead-like (GRHL) transcription factors in cancer. These aspects are nevertheless very important for the functioning of GRHL proteins, as well as for cancer development. Some of the GRHL factors perform tumor-promoting functions in certain types of cancer, which makes them potential drug targets. Much information is available about somatic cancer mutations in the GRHL genes, yet there are very few analyses of these mutations in the scientific literature. The activity of GRHL transcription factors is controlled by phosphorylation, and we suggest that regulating their phosphorylation with specific protein kinases provides an alternative approach to modify the activity of GRHL proteins. Some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GRHL genes are associated with disease risk. Studying such SNPs may yield new information about the functioning of GRHL genes and proteins, and may also allow to identify people with an increased risk of a particular disease.
Perceptions of Registered Nurses on the Use of Psychotropic Medication for People with Learning Disabilities
Authors: Jenkins R. , Harris P. 
Published: February 2020

The research literature showed an absence of data on the perceptions of professionals about the use of psychotropic medication for people with learning disabilities within the UK. Registered Learning Disability Nurses in a single hospital ( n = 106) and six community support teams ( n = 36) were asked their views on psychotropic medication for people with learning disabilities using a questionnaire derived from Singh and colleagues in 1996. The 112 (78.8%) respondents indicated that doctors had the greatest influence on initiating or discontinuing medication. Marked differences were evident between hospital and community nurses about the type of behaviour most likely to lead to drug treatment. Behaviour modification was viewed as an alternative treatment for acting out1, self-injury and aggression and behavioural assessment was seen to be the most influential assessment technique. More interprofessional education and training about the use of psychotropic medication were recommended. 1Acting out meaning irritability, shouting, temper tantrums.
Can altmetrics predict future citation counts in critical care medicine publications?
Authors: Lehane Daniel J , Black Colin S 
Published: February 2020

Introduction Social media is increasingly used in the dissemination of medical research. Traditional measures of the impact of a paper do not account for this. Altmetrics are a measure of the dissemination of a publication via social media websites. The purpose of this study is to ascertain if the altmetric attention score of an article is a reliable measure of the impact it has in the field of critical care medicine. To this end, we investigated if a correlation exists between future citation count and altmetric attention score. Methods The top nine journals by impact factor in the field of critical care medicine were identified for 2014 and 2015. The 100 most cited articles from these journals were recorded to form the Scientific Impact Group, i.e. those with the greatest impact on the scientific community. The altmetric attention score was recorded for each article. The top 100 articles by altmetric attention score were also identified to form the Media Impact Group, i.e. those that generated the most online attention. Their citation counts’ were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed on each group to identify a correlation between altmetric attention score and citation count. Results There was a moderately positive correlation in the Scientific Impact Group, with a Spearman r score of 0.4336 ( P = 0.0001). A weakly positive correlation was found in the Media Impact Group, with a Spearman r score of 0.3033 ( P = 0.002). Conclusions There is a positive correlation between traditional bibliographic metrics and altmetrics in the field of critical care medicine. Highly cited papers are more likely to generate online attention. However, papers that generate a lot of online attention are less likely to have a high citation count. Therefore, altmetric attention score is not a reliable predictor of future citation count in critical care medicine.
Headless screw fixation through the dorsal rough surface for proximal-pole scaphoid-nonunion: a report of 15 patients
Authors: Hong JungJun , Choi Yun-Rak , Koh Il-Hyun , Oh Won-Taek , Shin Jucheol , Kang Ho-Jung 
Published: February 2020

Clinical outcomes of the dorsal-retrograde headless screw-fixation technique in 15 patients with proximal scaphoid nonunion are presented. In this technique, screws are inserted from the dorsal rough surface of the scaphoid, located between the dorsal ridge and scaphoid-trapezium-trapezoid joint. Fifteen patients underwent osteosynthesis with this technique with iliac bone graft. Seven patients required primary surgery, and eight patients with a history of failed operation required revision surgery. Among 15 patients, 13 achieved union and two with persistent nonunion were asymptomatic with average follow-up of 24 months (range 14–57). Mean time to union was 20 weeks (range 12–40). Our experience with the dorsal-retrograde headless screw fixation technique has shown encouraging results for the treatment of proximal-scaphoid nonunion, especially in revision surgery wherein secure fixation of the small proximal fragments can be difficult using conventional anterograde techniques. Level of evidence: IV
Dynamic vascular changes in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary endarterectomy
Authors: Ruigrok Dieuwertje , Braams Natalia J. , Nossent Esther J. , Bonta Peter I. , Boonstra Anco , Lely Rutger J. , Klok Frederikus A. , Vonk Noordegraaf Anton , Symersky Petr , Bogaard Harm‐Jan , Meijboom Lilian J. 
Published: February 2020

Residual pulmonary hypertension is an important sequela after pulmonary endarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Recurrent thrombosis or embolism could be a contributor to this residual pulmonary hypertension but the potential extent of its role is unknown in part because data on incidence are lacking. We aimed to analyze the incidence of new intravascular abnormalities after pulmonary endarterectomy and determine hemodynamic and functional implications. A total of 33 chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients underwent routine CT pulmonary angiography before and six months after pulmonary endarterectomy, together with right heart catheterization and exercise testing. New vascular lesions were defined as (1) a normal pulmonary artery before pulmonary endarterectomy and containing a thrombus, web, or early tapering six months after pulmonary endarterectomy or (2) a pulmonary artery already containing thrombus, web, or early tapering at baseline, but increasing six months after pulmonary endarterectomy. Nine of 33 (27%) chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension patients showed new vascular lesions on CT pulmonary angiography six months after pulmonary endarterectomy. In a subgroup of patients undergoing CT pulmonary angiography 18 months after pulmonary endarterectomy, no further changes in lesions were noted. Hemodynamic and functional outcomes were not different between patients with and without new vascular lesions. New vascular lesions are common after pulmonary endarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension; currently their origin, dynamics, and long‐term consequences remain unknown.
Smoothing Parametric Design of Addendum Surfaces for Sheet Metal Forming
Authors: Li Jixing , Ning Tao , Xi Ping , Hu Bifu , Wang Tian , Yang Jiong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe manual design of addendum surfaces on common CAD platforms is very tedious which requires many trials-corrections, which will certainly affect the construction efficiency and quality of addendum surfaces, and then affect the formability and quality of the workpiece in the process of sheet forming. In this paper, an automatic procedure based on parametric design method is proposed for the rapid construction of the addendum surfaces. The kernel of the parametric method is constructing boundary curves based on the shape of surfaces of workpiece and designing guide curves based on Hermite curve interpolation. By some simple parameters, the shape of the addendum surfaces could be controlled and adjusted easily. In addition, a minimum energy optimization method is employed to further optimize the constructed addendum surface. A finite element analysis for the sheet forming process is performed to evaluate the forming quality of constructed addendum surfaces. The instance illustrates that the addendum surface constructed by the proposed method could ensure both the overall smoothing of surfaces and the final forming quality, and it has a good effect on springback after forming. This research proposes a smoothing parametric design method for addendum surfaces construction which could construct and optimize addendum surfaces rapidly.
Kinematic Sensitivity Analysis and Dimensional Synthesis of a Redundantly Actuated Parallel Robot for Friction Stir Welding
Authors: Chai Xinxue , Zhang Ningbin , He Leiying , Li Qinchuan , Ye Wei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFriction stir welding (FSW) has been widely applied in many fields as an alternative to traditional fusion welding. Although serial robots can provide the orientation capability required to weld along curved surfaces, they cannot adequately support the huge axial downward forces that FSW generates. Available parallel mechanism architectures, particularly redundantly actuated architectures for FSW, are still very limited. In this paper, a redundantly actuated 2UPR-2RPU parallel robot for FSW is proposed, where U denotes a universal joint, R denotes a revolute joint and P denotes a prismatic pair. First, its semi-symmetric structure is described. Next, inverse kinematics analysis involving an analytical representation of rotational axes is implemented. Velocity analysis is also conducted, which leads to the formation of a Jacobian matrix. Sensitivity performance is evaluated utilizing level set and convex optimization methods, where the local sensitivity indices are unit consistent, coordinate free, and of definite physical significance. Furthermore, global and hierarchical sensitivity indices are proposed for the design process. Finally, dimension synthesis is conducted based on the sensitivity indices and the optimal link parameters of the parallel robot are obtained. In summary, this paper proposes a dimensional synthesis method for a redundantly actuated parallel robot for FSW based on sensitivity indices.
Sex-specific patterns of senescence in artificial insect populations varying in sex-ratio to manipulate reproductive effort
Authors: Jehan Charly , Chogne Manon , Rigaud Thierry , Moret Yannick 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The disposable soma theory of ageing assumes that organisms optimally trade-off limited resources between reproduction and longevity to maximize fitness. Early reproduction should especially trade-off against late reproduction and longevity because of reduced investment into somatic protection, including immunity. Moreover, as optimal reproductive strategies of males and females differ, sexually dimorphic patterns of senescence may evolve. In particular, as males gain fitness through mating success, sexual competition should be a major factor accelerating male senescence. In a single experiment, we examined these possibilities by establishing artificial populations of the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, in which we manipulated the sex-ratio to generate variable levels of investment into reproductive effort and sexual competition in males and females.

Results
As predicted, variation in sex-ratio affected male and female reproductive efforts, with contrasted sex-specific trade-offs between lifetime reproduction, survival and immunity. High effort of reproduction accelerated mortality in females, without affecting immunity, but high early reproductive success was observed only in balanced sex-ratio condition. Male reproduction was costly on longevity and immunity, mainly because of their investment into copulations rather than in sexual competition.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that T. molitor males, like females, maximize fitness through enhanced longevity, partly explaining their comparable longevity.
Genome-based analysis for the bioactive potential of Streptomyces yeochonensis CN732, an acidophilic filamentous soil actinobacterium
Authors: Malik Adeel , Kim Yu Ri , Jang In Hee , Hwang Sunghoon , Oh Dong-Chan , Kim Seung Bum 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Acidophilic members of the genus Streptomyces can be a good source for novel secondary metabolites and degradative enzymes of biopolymers. In this study, a genome-based approach on Streptomyces yeochonensis CN732, a representative neutrotolerant acidophilic streptomycete, was employed to examine the biosynthetic as well as enzymatic potential, and also presence of any genetic tools for adaptation in acidic environment.

Results
A high quality draft genome (7.8 Mb) of S. yeochonensis CN732 was obtained with a G + C content of 73.53% and 6549 protein coding genes. The in silico analysis predicted presence of multiple biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), which showed similarity with those for antimicrobial, anticancer or antiparasitic compounds. However, the low levels of similarity with known BGCs for most cases suggested novelty of the metabolites from those predicted gene clusters. The production of various novel metabolites was also confirmed from the combined high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Through comparative genome analysis with related Streptomyces species, genes specific to strain CN732 and also those specific to neutrotolerant acidophilic species could be identified, which showed that genes for metabolism in diverse environment were enriched among acidophilic species. In addition, the presence of strain specific genes for carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZyme) along with many other singletons indicated uniqueness of the genetic makeup of strain CN732. The presence of cysteine transpeptidases (sortases) among the BGCs was also observed from this study, which implies their putative roles in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.

Conclusions
This study highlights the bioactive potential of strain CN732, an acidophilic streptomycete with regard to secondary metabolite production and biodegradation potential using genomics based approach. The comparative genome analysis revealed genes specific to CN732 and also those among acidophilic species, which could give some insights into the adaptation of microbial life in acidic environment.
Transcriptomic profiles of Dunaliella salina in response to hypersaline stress
Authors: He Qinghua , Lin Yaqiu , Tan Hong , Zhou Yu , Wen Yongli , Gan Jiajia , Li Ruiwen , Zhang Qinglian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundDunaliella salinais a good model organism for studying salt stress. In order to have a global understanding of the expression profiles ofDunaliella salinain response to hypersaline stress, we performed quantitative transcriptomic analysis ofDunaliella salinaunder hypersaline stress (2.5 M NaCl) of different time duration by the second and third generation sequencing method.ResultsFunctional enrichment of the up-regulated genes was used to analyze the expression profiles. The enrichment of photosynthesis was observed, accompanied by enrichments of carbon fixation, pigment biosynthetic process and heme biosynthetic process, which also imply the enhancement of photosynthesis. Genes responsible for starch hydrolysis and glycerol synthesis were significantly up-regulated. The enrichment of biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids implies the plasma membrane undergoes changes in desaturation pattern. The enrichment of endocytosis implies the degradation of plasma membrane and might help the synthesis of new glycerophospholipid with unsaturated fatty acids. Co-enrichments of protein synthesis and degradation imply a higher protein turnover rate. The enrichments of spliceosome and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum imply the enhancement of regulations at post-transcriptional and post-translational level. No up-regulation of any Na+or Cl−channels or transporters was detected, which implies that the extra exclusion of the ions by membrane transporters is possibly not needed. Voltage gated Na+and Cl−channels, mechanosensitive ion channel are possible signal receptors of salt stress, and Ca2+and MAP kinase pathways might play a role in signal transduction.ConclusionAt global transcriptomic level, the response ofDunaliella salinato hypersaline stress is a systematic work, possibly involving enhancements of photosynthesis, carbon fixation, and heme biosynthetic process, acceleration of protein turnover, spliceosome, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, and endocytosis, as well as degradation of starch, synthesis of glycerol, membrane lipid desaturation. Altogether, the changes of these biological processes occurred at trancriptomic level will help understand how a new intracellular balance achieved inDunaliella salinato adapt to hypersaline environment, which are worth being confirmed at the physiological levels.
Comparative analysis of Lactobacillus gasseri from Chinese subjects reveals a new species-level taxa
Authors: Zhou Xingya , Yang Bo , Stanton Catherine , Ross R. Paul , Zhao Jianxin , Zhang Hao , Chen Wei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Lactobacillus gasseri as a probiotic has history of safe consumption is prevalent in infants and adults gut microbiota to maintain gut homeostasis.

Results
In this study, to explore the genomic diversity and mine potential probiotic characteristics of L. gasseri, 92 strains of L. gasseri were isolated from Chinese human feces and identified based on 16 s rDNA sequencing, after draft genomes sequencing, further average nucleotide identity (ANI) value and phylogenetic analysis reclassified them as L. paragasseri (n = 79) and L. gasseri (n = 13), respectively. Their pan/core-genomes were determined, revealing that L. paragasseri had an open pan-genome. Comparative analysis was carried out to identify genetic features, and the results indicated that 39 strains of L. paragasseri harboured Type II-A CRISPR-Cas system while 12 strains of L. gasseri contained Type I-E and II-A CRISPR-Cas systems. Bacteriocin operons and the number of carbohydrate-active enzymes were significantly different between the two species.

Conclusions
This is the first time to study pan/core-genome of L. gasseri and L. paragasseri, and compare their genetic diversity, and all the results provided better understating on genetics of the two species.