bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hsa_circ_0002320: a novel clinical biomarker for colorectal cancer prognosis
Authors: Yang Ning , Xu Bin , Kong Peng , Han Mei , Li Bing-hui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A great many circular RNAs (circRNAs) exist in different types of mammalian cells. Previous studies have verified that a low level of hsa_circ_0002320 is present in gastric cancer and that it might represent a good prognostic indicator. However, its value in colorectal cancer (CRC) is unclear. The aim of this research was to explore the value of hsa_circ_0002320 as a potential diagnostic biomarker for CRC prognosis.
Plasma samples, CRC tissues, and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 50 patients with CRC, before any treatment, and 100 plasma samples were acquired from healthy individuals. Hsa_circ_0002320 levels in these samples were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Correlations between hsa_circ_0002320, clinicopathological characteristics, and overall survival (OS) of CRC patients were also investigated. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the value of hsa_circ_0002320 for CRC diagnosis. Finally, a bioinformatics analysis was performed to verify the effect of hsa_circ_0002320 on CRC prognosis.
Expression levels of hsa_circ_0002320 were significantly decreased in CRC plasma (P < .05). The expression level of hsa_circ_0002320 was significantly correlated with OS time (P < .05). Higher hsa_circ_0002320 reflected significantly greater OS; the HR of high hsa_circ_0002320 was 0.161 (95% CI, 0.066–0.393; P = .000). The area under the ROC curve of hsa_circ_0002320 in CRC was 0.823, which was higher than for the carcinoembryogenic antigen (area under the curve = 0.764). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that CRC patients with low expression of hsa_circ_0002320 exhibited poorer OS times than those with high expression.
Hsa_circ_0002320 could be a novel, noninvasive diagnostic blood biomarker for CRC prognosis.
The efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Zhang Shixiong , Lv Jingjing , Ren Xuetong , Hao Xinyu , Zhou Pingping , Wang Yangang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is 1 of the most complex systemic autoimmune diseases.Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota affect the development and function of the immune system and may play a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This new paradigm raises the possibility that many diseases result, at least partially, from microbiota-related dysfunction. This understanding invites the investigation of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in the treatment of SSc. However, no study has specifically and systematically investigated the efficacy and safety of FMT in the treatment of SSc. Thus, this study will systematically and comprehensively appraise the efficacy and safety of FMT in the treatment of SSc.

Methods:
We will search the following sources without restrictions for date, language, or publication status: PubMed, Web of Science,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) Cochrane Library, EMBASE and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. We will apply a combination of Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) and free-text terms incorporating database-specific controlled vocabularies and text words to implement search strategies. We will also search the ongoing trials registered in the World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Besides, the previous relevant reviews conducted on FMT for SSc and reference lists of included studies will also be searched.

Results:
This study will provide a reliable basis for the treatment of SSc with FMT.

Conclusions:
The findings will be an available reference to evaluate the efficacy and safety of FMT in the treatment of SSc.

Registration number:
INPLASY202060019.
Compassionate Design: Utilizing Design Thinking to Preserve Sanctity, Dignity, and Personhood When Children Die
Authors: Grossoehme Daniel H. , Mark Melissa S. , Lane Blake , Rednour Allison , Thienprayoon Rachel 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Greater than 70% of children who die in our institution annually die in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting. Family privacy, visitation policies, and an inability to perform religious rituals in the ICU are barriers to provide children with culturally competent, family-centered care when a child dies. The goal of this project was to profoundly understand family and staff experiences surrounding pediatric death in our institution to identify unique opportunities to design improved, novel delivery models of pediatric end of life (EOL) care.

Methods:
This project utilized a structured process model based on the Vogel and Cagan’s 4-phase integrated new product development process model. The 4 phases are identifying, understanding, conceptualizing, and realizing. We utilized an adaptation of this process model that relies on human-centered and design thinking methodologies in 3 phases: research, ideation, and refinement of a process or product opportunity.

Results:
There were 2 primary results of this project: 5 process and opportunity areas to improve the EOL experience across the hospital, and a set of criteria and considerations for a dedicated EOL space.

Discussion:
Sometimes, the best outcome we can provide for a child and their family is a peaceful, dignified death. This project utilized human-centered design to create improved process outcomes and to design a dedicated EOL space for children who die in the hospital. Offering grieving families quiet, private time with their child in a beautiful, dignified, peaceful location enables the beginning of improved bereavement outcomes for the family and staff.
Vaccinating in the Emergency Department, a Novel Approach to Improve Influenza Vaccination Rates via a Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Baumer-Mouradian Shannon H. , Kleinschmidt Abigail , Servi Ashley , Jaworski Brian , Lazarevic Kimberly , Kopetsky Matthew , Nimmer Mark , Hanson Thomas , Gray Matthew P. , Drendel Amy L. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all US children 6 months and older to prevent morbidity and mortality. Despite these recommendations, only ~50% of US children are vaccinated annually. Influenza vaccine administration in the pediatric emergency department (ED) is an innovative solution to improve vaccination rates. However, during the 2017–2018 influenza season, only 75 influenza vaccinations were given in this tertiary care ED. We aimed to increase the number of influenza vaccines administered to ED patients from 75 to 1,000 between August 2018 and March 2019.s

Methods:
Process mapping identified potential barriers and solutions. Key interventions included mandatory vaccine screening, creation of a vaccine administration protocol, education for family, provider, and nursing, a revised pharmacy workflow, and weekly staff feedback. Interventions were tested using plan-do-study-act cycles. The process measure was the percent of patients screened for vaccine status. The primary outcome was the number of influenza vaccines administered. The balancing measures were ED length of stay (LOS), wasted vaccines, and financial impact on the institution.

Results:
We included 33,311 children in this study. Screening for vaccine status improved from 0% to 90%. Of those screened, 58% were eligible for vaccination, and 8.5% of eligible patients were vaccinated in the ED. In total, 1,323 vaccines were administered with no significant change in ED LOS (139 min) and no lost revenue to the hospital.

Conclusions:
We implemented an efficient, cost-effective, influenza vaccination program in the pediatric ED and successfully increased vaccinations in a population that might not otherwise receive the vaccine.
The Effect of Interactive Educational Workshops With or Without Standardized Patients on the Clinical Skills of Midwifery Students in Providing Sexual Health Counseling
Authors: Khadivzadeh Talat , Ardaghi Sefat Seighalani Mina , Mirzaii Khadijeh , Mazloum Seyed Reza 
Published: July 2020

Background and Objectives
Insufficient skills among health personnel, including midwives, can lead to failure in evaluating and providing sexual health counseling services to clients. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 2 interactive educational workshops with or without standardized patients (SPs) on midwifery students' clinical skills in providing sexual health counseling at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, in 2014 to 2015.

Research Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, 62 midwifery students were selected through convenient sampling method and then randomly divided into 2 groups who received 1 of 2 interactive educational workshops, with or without SPs in 10-hour educational programs. The students' skills in providing sexual health counseling were evaluated before and 2 weeks after the education through an Objective Structured Clinical Examination composed of 5 stations using validated checklists. The data were then analyzed using the SPSS Software (Version 16) through descriptive statistics as well as independent t test, paired t test, Mann-Whitney U, χ2, and Fisher exact tests. The level of significance was considered by P < 0.05.

Results
There was no significant difference between the mean scores of students' clinical skills in providing sexual health counseling services in the group educated with or without SPs (22.4 ± 7.0 and 23.0 ± 9.4, P = 0.77). However, 2 weeks after the interventions, the mean scores were 75.8 ± 11.2 and 47.0 ± 8.9, respectively, meaning a significant difference between the study groups (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Although both teaching methods could promote clinical skills among the midwifery students, the effect of interactive workshop with SPs was much significantly stronger.
Noninvasive Discrimination of Low and High-risk Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms
Authors: Roth Susanne , Bose Promita , Alhamdani Mohamed S. S. , Mustafa Shakhawan A. , Tjaden Christine , Zamzow Katharina , Hinz Ulf , Michalski Christoph W. , Neoptolemos John P. , Hoheisel Jörg D. , Büchler Markus W. , Hackert Thilo 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
To propose a noninvasive diagnostic approach, which allows reliable distinction between low- and high-risk pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs).

Background:
IPMNs are identifiable precursor lesions of pancreatic cancer, of which surgical resection is warranted prior to the development of invasive carcinoma, but low-grade IPMNs should not be unnecessarily resected. However, diagnostic tools that preoperatively enable accurate risk stratification of IPMNs are missing.

Methods:
This single-center, retrospective cohort study included 56 patients who underwent surgical resection for IPMN including 18 low-risk (low-grade) and 38 high-risk (high-grade/invasive carcinoma) IPMNs, from whom clinical features and serum samples were prospectively obtained. An antibody microarray platform was used to analyze the serum proteome. Based on serum markers and selected clinical characteristics support vector machine models were constructed to predict the risk of IPMN malignancy.

Results:
A serum protein signature discriminating low- and high-risk IPMN patients was identified. Combinations of established clinical features and the newly identified serum biomarkers correctly distinguished low- and high-risk IPMNs in 93% on 1000-fold cross-validation.

Conclusions:
This study highlights the synergistic predictive value of combining a novel serum protein signature with conventional clinical characteristics to risk-stratify IPMN patients. If these findings are supported by larger validation studies, they might enable more rational decision-making in clinical management of IPMN patients in conjunction with clinical guidelines.
The Relationship Between Lymph Node Ratio and Survival Benefit With Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Node-positive Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Raman Vignesh , Jawitz Oliver K. , Farrow Norma E. , Voigt Soraya L. , Rhodin Kristen E. , Yang Chi-Fu J. , Turner Megan C. , D’Amico Thomas A. , Harpole David H. , Tong Betty C. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
We hypothesized that the ratio of positive lymph nodes to total assessed lymph nodes (LNR) is an indicator of cancer burden in esophageal adenocarcinoma and may identify patients who may most benefit from AC.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to discern whether there is a threshold LNR above which AC is associated with a survival benefit in this population.

Methods:
The 2004–2015 National Cancer Database was queried for patients who underwent upfront, complete resection of pT1-4N1–3M0 esophageal adenocarcinoma. The primary outcome, overall survival, was examined using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models employing an interaction term between LNR and AC.

Results:
A total of 1733 patients were included: 811 (47%) did not receive AC whereas 922 (53%) did. The median LNR was 20% (interquartile range 9–40). In a multivariable Cox model, the interaction term between LNR and receipt of AC was significant (P = 0.01). A plot of the interaction demonstrated that AC was associated with improved survival beyond a LNR of about 10%–12%. In a sensitivity analysis, the receipt of AC was not associated with improved survival in patients with LNR <12% (hazard ratio 1.02; 95% confidence interval 0.72–1.44) but was associated with improved survival in those with LNR ≥12% (hazard ratio 0.65; 95% confidence interval 0.50–0.79).

Conclusions:
In this study of patients with upfront, complete resection of node-positive esophageal adenocarcinoma, AC was associated with improved survival for LNR ≥12%. LNR may be used as an adjunct in multidisciplinary decision-making about adjuvant therapies in this patient population.
Recent therapeutic prospects for Machado–Joseph disease
Authors: Costa Maria do Carmo 
Published: July 2020

Purpose of review
Machado–Joseph disease (MJD), also known as spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), is a fatal, dominantly inherited, neurodegenerative disease caused by expansion of a CAG repeat in the coding region of the ATXN3 gene. No disease-modifying treatment is yet available for MJD/SCA3. This review discusses recently developed therapeutic strategies that hold promise as future effective treatments for this incurable disease.

Recent findings
As a result of the exploration of multiple therapeutic approaches over the last decade, the MJD/SCA3 field is finally starting to see options for disease-modifying treatments for this disease come into view on the horizon. Recently developed strategies include DNA-targeted and RNA-targeted therapies, and approaches targeting protein quality control pathways and cellular homeostasis.

Summary
While still in preclinical testing stages, antisense oligonucleotides, short hairpin RNAs and citalopram all show promise to reaching testing in clinical trials for MJD/SCA3. Two pharmacological approaches in early stages of development, the slipped-CAG DNA binding compound naphthyridine-azaquinolone and autophagosome-tethering compounds, also show potential therapeutic capacity for MJD/SCA3. Overall, a handful of therapeutic options are currently showing potential as future successful treatments for fatal MJD/SCA3.
MRI of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation
Authors: Lehéricy Stéphane , Roze Emmanuel , Goizet Cyril , Mochel Fanny 
Published: July 2020

Purpose of review
The diagnosis of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) typically associates various extrapyramidal and pyramidal features, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms with bilateral hypointensities in the globus pallidus on iron-sensitive magnetic resonance images, reflecting the alteration of iron homeostasis in this area. This article details the contribution of MRI in the diagnosis by summarizing and comparing MRI patterns of the various NBIA subtypes.

Recent findings
MRI almost always shows characteristic changes combining iron accumulation and additional neuroimaging abnormalities. Iron-sensitive MRI shows iron deposition in the basal ganglia, particularly in bilateral globus pallidus and substantia nigra. Other regions may be affected depending on the NBIA subtypes including the cerebellum and dentate nucleus, the midbrain, the striatum, the thalamus, and the cortex. Atrophy of the cerebellum, brainstem, corpus callosum and cortex, and white matter changes may be associated and worsen with disease duration. Iron deposition can be quantified using R2∗ or quantitative susceptibility mapping.

Summary
Recent MRI advances allow depicting differences between the various subtypes of NBIA, providing a useful analytical framework for clinicians. Standardization of protocols for image acquisition and analysis may help improving the detection of imaging changes associated with NBIA and the quantification of iron deposition.
Single source of pangolin CoVs with a near identical Spike RBD to SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Chan Yujia Alina , Zhan Shing Hei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMultiple publications have independently described pangolin CoV genomes from the same batch of smuggled pangolins confiscated in Guangdong province in March, 2019. We analyzed the three metagenomic datasets that sampled this batch of pangolins and found that the two complete pangolin CoV genomes, GD_1 by Xiao et al.Natureand MP789 by Liu et al.PLoS Pathogens, were both built primarily using the 2019 dataset first described by Liu et al.Viruses. Other publications, such as Zhang et al.Current Biologyand Lam et al.Nature, have also relied on this same dataset by Liu et al.Virusesfor their assembly of the Guangdong pangolin CoV sequences and comparisons to SARS-CoV-2. To our knowledge, all of the published pangolin CoV genome sequences that share a highly similar Spike receptor binding domain with SARS-CoV-2 originate from this singular batch of smuggled pangolins. This raises the question of whether pangolins are truly reservoirs or hosts of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses in the wild, or whether the pangolins may have contracted the CoV from another host species during trafficking. Our observations highlight the importance of requiring authors to publish their complete genome assembly pipeline and all contributing raw sequence data, particularly those supporting epidemiological investigations, in order to empower peer review and independent analysis of the sequence data. This is necessary to ensure both the accuracy of the data and the conclusions presented by each publication.
SARS-CoV-2 infection induces germinal center responses with robust stimulation of CD4 T follicular helper cells in rhesus macaques
Authors: Elizaldi Sonny R. , Lakshmanappa Yashavanth Shaan , Roh Jamin W. , Schmidt Brian A. , Carroll Timothy D. , Weaver Kourtney D. , Smith Justin C. , Deere Jesse D. , Dutra Joseph , Stone Mars , Sammak Rebecca Lee , Olstad Katherine J. , Reader J. Rachel , Ma Zhong-Min , Nguyen Nancy K. , Watanabe Jennifer , Usachaenko Jodie , Immareddy Ramya , Yee JoAnn L. , Weiskopf Daniela , Sette Alessandro , Hartigan-O’Connor Dennis , McSorley Stephen J. , Morrison John H. , Tran Nam K. , Simmons Graham , Busch Michael P , Kozlowski Pamela A. , Van Rompay Koen K.A. , Miller Christopher J. , Iyer Smita S. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTCD4 T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are important for the generation of long-lasting and specific humoral protection against viral infections. The degree to which SARS-CoV-2 infection generates Tfhcells and stimulates the germinal center response is an important question as we investigate vaccine options for the current pandemic. Here we report that, following infection with SARS-CoV-2, adult rhesus macaques exhibited transient accumulation of activated, proliferating Tfhcells in their peripheral blood on a transitory basis. The CD4 helper cell responses were skewed predominantly toward a Th1 response in blood, lung, and lymph nodes, reflective of the interferon-rich cytokine environment following infection. We also observed the generation of germinal center Tfhcells specific for the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins, and a corresponding early appearance of antiviral serum IgG antibodies but delayed or absent IgA antibodies. Our data suggest that a vaccine promoting Th1-type Tfh responses that target the S protein may lead to protective immunity.
The Role of Alcohol Consumption on Acetaminophen Induced Liver Injury: Implications from A Mathematical Model
Authors: Ghosh Aditi , Berger Isaac , Remien Christopher H. , Mubayi Anuj 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAcetaminophen (APAP) overdose is one of the predominant causes of drug induced acute liver injury in the U.S and U.K. Clinical studies show that ingestion of alcohol may increase the risk of APAP induced liver injury. Chronic alcoholism may potentiate APAP hepatotoxicity and this increased risk of APAP toxicity is observed when APAP is ingested even shortly after alcohol is cleared from the body. However, clinical reports also suggest that acute alcohol consumption may have a protective effect against hepatotoxicity by inhibiting microsomal acetaminophen oxidation and thereby reducing N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI) production. The aim of this study is to model this dual role of alcohol to determine how the timing of alcohol ingestion affects APAP metabolism and resulting liver injury and identify mechanisms of APAP induced liver injury. The mathematical model is developed to capture condition of a patient of single time APAP overdose who may be an acute or chronic alcohol user. The analysis suggests that the risk of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity is increased if APAP is ingested shortly after alcohol is cleared from the body in chronic alcohol users. A protective effect of acute consumption of alcohol is also observed in patients with APAP overdose. For example, simultaneous ingestion of alcohol and APAP overdose or alcohol intake after or before few hours of APAP overdose may result in less APAP-induced hepatotoxicity when compared to a single time APAP overdose. The rate of hepatocyte damage in APAP overdose patients depends on trade-off between induction and inhibition of CYP enzyme.