bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between non-adequate health literacy and cancer screening adherence: a meta-analysis
Authors: Isonne C , Baccolini V , Salerno C , Giffi M , Migliara G , Mazzalai E , Turatto F , Marzuillo C , De Vito C , Villari P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective
Individuals with non-adequate health literacy (NAHL) are more likely to have poor health outcomes and behaviors, including a limited use of preventive services. This study aimed at summarizing the evidence on the association between NAHL and adherence to cancer screening programs.

Methods
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Cross-sectional studies conducted in any country, published through January 2020 and quantifying the association between NAHL and cancer screening adherence, were included. An adapted Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess quality. Inverse-variance random-effects methods were used to produce pooled estimates: overall, by cancer and by HL tool.

Results
Seventeen articles of heterogeneous quality were included in the systematic review and 45 analyses were combined. NAHL was found to negatively influence screening adherence in both the crude (n = 26) and adjusted (n = 19) pooled analyses, and the association was slightly stronger in the latter (OR = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.62-0.79 and aOR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.57-0.76, respectively). Moreover, NAHL was significantly associated with lower adherence in all the types of cancer screening investigated: breast cancer (n = 7), aOR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.38-0.78; cervical cancer (n = 4), aOR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.53-0.75; prostate cancer (n = 1), aOR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.36-0.99, and colorectal cancer (n = 7), aOR=0.85, 95%CI: 0.74-0.97. Lastly, tools measuring NAHL with reading comprehension/numeracy items yielded the strongest association with the outcome (n = 5, aOR= 0.53, 95%CI: 0.35-0.80), that was attenuated in tools with either self-reported comprehension items (n = 7, aOR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.65-0.80) or medical term recognition items (n = 7, aOR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.57-0.95).

Conclusions
This study shows that NAHL may have a significant impact on adherence in all types of screening programs analysed, independently of the tools applied to measure it. Hence, it should be a useful focus for interventions to improve screening participation rates.

Key messages
Non-adequate health literacy negatively influences cancer screening adherence. Efforts to promote the uptake of cancer screening programs should consider and address NAHL.
The phase angle as a marker of health and body composition in soccer players in Bogotá – Colombia
Authors: Argüello P , Gálvez A , Castro L , Sánchez I , Melo P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Body composition is a parameter that is evaluated to predict the nutritional status of the population. This is assessed by bioelectric impedance analysis, which reports BMI, fat percentage, skeletal muscle mass, phase angle (AP), among others. The latter, in recent years has become important because it is a direct electrical measurement in the body, used for the clinical prognosis of diseases such as cancer, anorexy nervous, sarcopenia and chronic liver disease. AP is an index of vitality and integrality of the cell membrane and an indicator of muscle strength and endurance; likewise, it is inversely related to BMI, age and gender, normal values in healthy populations range between 5.5° to 9°, it is believed that physical activity and sport can also modify AP values. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between body composition and AP in soccer players in Bogotá, Colombia.

Methods
Quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational approach. The sample was 84 soccer players (age: 18.67 + 2.9 years; height: 1.73 + 0.07 m; weight: 66.58 + 9.94 Kg), who were assessed using the Bioimpedance method through InBody 770®.

Results
The averages obtained were: AP 6.46°+0.58; muscle mass 32.25 + 5.06 Kg, percentage of fat mass 15.90 + 3.97. There was a direct relationship between AP, skeletal muscle mass and lean mass in the right, left arm, trunk and right leg (p &lt; 0.01), while with the percentage of body fat mass of the right and left arm the relationship was inverse.

Conclusions
Body composition with high values of musculoskeletal mass and AP favor the functionality and development of strength, which in turn are protective factors for the presence of diseases such as sarcopenia.

Key messages
The Phase Angle is constituted as an easily accessible marker of nutritional health and morphofunctional profile in athletes. The Phase Angle and body composition as determinants of the profile in athletes.
Comparison between health-related quality of life in normal-weight and overweight-obese children
Authors: Scrimaglia S , Esposito F , Masini A , Marini S , Gori D , Toselli S , Campa F , Grigoletto A , Messina R , Dallolio L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
In Italy 32% of 6-10 aged children were overweight in 2017-2018. Measures of Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) assess important aspects of health daily activities, physical symptoms, social interactions and emotional well-being. It is suggested that HRQoL is influenced by children's weight status. The aim of the study is to compare HRQoL among normal-underweight and overweight-obese children in an Italian sample.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 among 144 children, aged 6-10, recruited in a primary school in Bologna (Italy). Children were divided in Group1 (G1: normal-underweight) and Group2 (G2: overweight-obese) using the International Obesity Task Force cut points. HRQoL was assessed using 4.0 Italian version of PedsQL questionnaire. We obtained summary scores for children's total HRQoL and two subscales: one for physical health and one for emotional, social and school functioning.

Results
Of 144 children, 98 (68%) and 46 (32%) were respectively in G1 and G2. HRQoL total scores were 73.10±1.30 in G1 and 69.28±1.96 in G2 (p = 0.051). We analysed separately children in Grade 1 and Grade 3-4. In Grade 1, there were 68 children: 48 (71%) in G1 and 20 (29%) in G2. In grade 3-4 there were 76 children: 50 (66%) in G1 and 26 (34%) in G2. HRQoL total scores in grade 3-4 were: 73.28±1.63 in G1 and 72.66±2.32 in G2 (p = 0.41). In Grade 1, HRQoL total scores were 72.92±2.05 in G1 and 64.89±3.15 in G2 (p = 0.02); at subscale levels, means for physical health were 77.73±1.92 in G1 and 72.5±3.58 in G2 (p = 0.08) and means for emotional, social and school functioning were 70.35±2.48 in G1 and 60.83±4.04 in G2 (p = 0.02).

Conclusions
The effects of child overweight and obesity on health-related QOL was more evident in children aged 6-7, especially regarding emotional, social and school functioning. Prevention of childhood overweight and obesity is important not only to avoid health consequences of weight but also to improve children' quality of life.

Key messages
Overweight is a public health problem in Italy not only among adults, but even among children. Overweight has a negative impact on quality of life, therefore a healthy lifestyle should be promoted.
The effects of physical activity on human gut microbiota composition: a systematic review
Authors: Dorelli B , Iachini M , Zaccarin M , Preziosi Standoli J , Galle F , Valeriani F , Liguori G , Romano Spica V , Cattaruzza M S , De Vito C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Gut microbiota development and composition can be influenced by an existing dynamic balance between host physiology and lifestyle. This systematic review aims to assess the impact of physical activity on human gut microbiota.

Methods
PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched until May 2019. Full-text in English were recruited if focused on gut microbiota in healthy athletes or active people, without age or gender restrictions, collected on faecal samples and analysed with genome sequencing of rRNA 16S. All types of study design were included as long as they performed a comparison with a sedentary control group. No specific time frame for the publication date was applied. Quality assessment was performed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross Sectional Studies (2017) and Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Controlled Trials.

Results
The analysis yielded 7/985 articles: five cross-sectional studies and two clinical trials, published from 2014 to 2019. The overall methodological assessment was of fair quality. Types of exercise included in the studies were: rugby, running, aerobic exercise, bodybuilding. More in detail, regarding the exercise load, some studies were conducted on elite professional athletes, such as rugby players, marathon runners or bodybuilders, with rigorous training, while other studies included a few weeks of aerobic and resistance training at a moderate intensity. Shannon diversity index increased in three studies. Concerning phyla, Firmicutes were increased in five studies and three studies described a significant decrease in Bacteroides.

Conclusions
This systematic review confirms the direct correlation between microbiota composition and physical activity, but further studies are needed to establish the possible presence of a causal link between the two factors.

Key messages
Exercise can play an important role as an environmental factor in determining gut microbiota composition. Further studies are needed to gain robust evidence of physical activity influence on gut microbiota variability.
Healthy Eating Policy for a provincial health authority in Atlantic Canada
Authors: Kennedy L , Nicholson T , MacDonald B , Jago E , Mah C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Issue
Poor diets, the global leading cause of death and disability, are influenced by individual and community factors. Community health care settings have the potential to shape dietary behavior through food and beverage environments, and a healthy eating culture that supports the healthier choice as the easier choice.

Description of the Problem
The Nova Scotia Health Authority (NSHA) is a provincial government health authority in Atlantic Canada, responsible for delivering services to nearly 1 million people in 10 hospitals, 8 ERs, and 135 community locations. The NSHA employs over 23,400 health workers. In 2015, the NSHA centralized its governance, merging 9 regional health districts into one. Policies and procedures were re-written with a provincial focus, including a new Healthy Eating Policy (HEP) adopted in 2018. In this paper, we discuss the implementation of the HEP as a case study for how healthy eating can be fostered through continuous quality improvement.

Results
The policy upholds NSHA as a community leader working collaboratively with internal and external partners. To be a credible leader in changing the landscape around healthy eating, NSHA agrees to “walk the talk” and model an evidence-based healthy eating policy. A hospital in Halifax piloted pricing, placement and promotion interventions to further support healthier eating. These have been expanded to other sites across NS.

Lessons
1) Internal Capacity Building - A Healthy Eating Steering Committee promotes healthy eating across the health system, including initiatives in partnership with auxiliaries, foundations and staff. 2) Improving Evaluation Infrastructure- The interventions led to strategic thinking of future point of sale systems and ways to improve data collection for evaluation 3) Academic Partnerships - NSHA and Dalhousie University formed a collaborative partnership to strengthen evaluation capacity making use of the latest evidence and methods from food environments research.

Key messages
The Nova Scotia Health Authority’s Health Eating Policy supports healthy eating across the province, and promotes supportive environments where the healthier choice is the easier choice. A hospital site in Halifax, NS, implemented a variety of pricing, placement and promotion interventions to promote a healthy workplace environment for employees and community members.
Occupational exposure to pesticides and hematological neoplasms in southern Brazil
Authors: Lopes Gomide P , Portela de Assis M , Pereira Corrêa C S , Magedanz M C , Mocelin G , Sausen A G , Lisboa Riquinho D , Pollo Renner J D , Hedwig Pohl H , Frantz Krug S B 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Rural workers are highly exposed to pesticides, suggesting vulnerability to the development of hematological neoplasms. Thus, the relationship between the variables of the occupational profile of farmers exposed to pesticides with the presence of this disease was analyzed.

Methods
Retrospective, quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected from farmers diagnosed with hematological neoplasms being treated at an oncology center. A questionnaire with occupational variables and exposure to pesticides was used. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software. Descriptive statistical analysis and Chi-square test were used, considering p &lt; 0.05. The Research Ethics Committee of the University of Santa Cruz do Sul, under opinion 3.017.507, approved the study.

Results
Of the 72 farmers, there is a period of more than 30 years of exposure to pesticides (62.3%) and an early start in agricultural activities (95.8%). Failure to use Personal Protective Equipment (71.1%) and the use of 3 different types of pesticides (66.6%). Regarding cultivation, a greater proportion of tobacco producers (72.2%) and a smaller number of yerba mate producers (13.9%). A positive association between tobacco cultivation and the presence of the disease was identified (p = 0.040).The use of types of pesticides was compared and a significant difference was observed regarding the initial age in agriculture (p = 0.027), the daily workday (p = 0.035) and the cultivation of tobacco (p ≤ 0.01).

Conclusions
It is suggested a relationship between tobacco cultivation and the existence of the disease, since there was a statistical association between them. It is also suggested that the lower the age and the longer the workday, the greater the consumption of different types of pesticides.

Key messages
Actions to promote health are necessary, which may include educational actions, with the objective of stimulating changes in the lifestyle and work of the rural population. Rural workers are highly exposed to pesticides, suggesting vulnerability to the development of hematological neoplasms.
The voice of community: self-care from the perspective of vulnerable populations. Brazil, 2019
Authors: Kolchraiber F C , Santana C L A , Tanaka L H , Souza E S , Mayer I A S , Souza K M J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Social vulnerabilities influence the beliefs and practices of people about care, resulting in worse health rates, including those related to self-care. Multidimensional care and the complexity of social vulnerability converge to lack of health resources and human rights violations. In this context, how do people perceive practices that promote individual and collective well-being?

Methods
Using qualitative methods, theoretically based on the notion of care as a way of being-in-the-world, according to Leonardo Boff. We conduct 24 interviews with participants belonged to the Parelheiros region and from Non-Governmental Organizations, in a Center of Excellence in Early Childhood in São Paulo. For data collection, focus group technique was used with material transcribed, and analyzed with thematic content analysis.

Results
Two themes emerged (1) Meanings of self-care: related to sense of agency, self- perception and self-regulation (2) Practices to promote self-care: related to promote friendship, voluntary work, psychotherapies, spirituality, breathing exercise, emotional regulation and dialogue.

Conclusions
Social vulnerability sometimes normalize lack of self-care in people's daily lives and work, due to perpetual social injustice The perceptions of self-care are broad and plural, based on the concept of care as a particular way of being-in-the-world. These results have implications in the field of public health, with regard to teaching and health promotion practices, reflecting the living conditions of social subjects.

Key messages
The research contributes to reflection on how the vulnerable populations, especially in the contexts of social and political crisis, organize themselves to care for their own through self-care. Promotion of individual and collective well-being in social vulnerability scenarios is in line with Global Health and involves reflecting on sustainable interdependence to maintain life with equity.
Overcoming the gap between professional domains: A Dutch case study tackling childhood obesity
Authors: van de Goor L A M , van Mil M , SAA de Laat  , Jacobs M A M , van Mil E G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background and Aim
In the Netherlands about one in seven 1- to 11-year-old children are overweight. The multifaceted nature of childhood overweight requires joining forces across the medical, social and public sector. This study evaluated an integrated network approach of preventive care (INPC) for overweight children focusing on the process of intersectoral professional collaboration.

Methods
Fourteen network partners from the three sectors were interviewed face to face with semi-structured topic lists to determine the extent of collaboration in and outside sectors, the perceived outcomes and the hindering and facilitating factors.

Results
Collaboration within each sector was adequately established and all partners were in contact with the central care provider who functions as linking pin in the INPC. However, collaboration across sectors was not optimally realized. Both the medical and public domain partners indicated to have minimal contact with professional partners from the social domain, while they were perceived important in the INPC. Main hindering factors were related to the complexity of the childhood overweight problem, a lack of knowledge about network partners, unclarity in referrals, feedback, roles and responsibilities. In addition, frequent changes in policy, in personnel, lacking a visible leader, funding and time, were also hindering. Facilitating factors were: a general positive attitude towards intersectoral collaboration, knowing each other, short communication lines, a shared vision, trusting each other's expertise, and also formalized agreements and local health policy, and periodic meetings with partners.

Conclusions
Realizing professional collaboration across domains to tackle childhood overweight requires specific attention to structural factors enabling professionals to do so in their daily work. Stable funding and policies, clear responsibilities on the one side, getting to know each other, trust and positive attitudes on the other.

Key messages
An integrated approach for childhood overweight requires professionals to work across borders. However, in daily practice professionals experience structural factors hindering such collaboration. The functioning of networks linking professionals from public health, medical and social domains, essential in preventing childhood overweight, requires specific attention for organizational aspects.
The profile of vulnerable students using the university psychosocial and medical care services
Authors: Papadakaki M , Sarakatsianou F , Tsismeli V , Lapidakis G , Karapiperaki M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Increasing the capacity of higher education institutes to address students' vulnerabilities has been deemed necessary due to the financial crisis. Multilevel interventions have thus been initiated at the Hellenic Mediterranean University of Crete, as part of a project co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Social Fund-ESF) through the Operational Programme &lt;&lt;Human Resources Development, Education and Lifelong Learning 2014- 2020 &gt;&gt; (MIS 5045937). The project aims to offer support to students with low family income or a certified disability, monitor their bio-psychosocial needs, increase their accessibility to health and psychosocial care, and improve their academic outcomes.

Methods
As part of the project, a primary health care unit has been set up to offer medical and nursing care (medical unit) as well as psychosocial support (counseling centre) to students in need. An observatory has also been set up to monitor their health and psychosocial needs and their academic progress.

Results
A total of 228 eligible students used the services in the second half of 2019 (counseling centre 37; medical unit 191). Out of the 37 individuals who used the counseling centre, 30 (81.0%) were female and 16 (43.2%) were at the first 2 years of their studies. A total of 36 (97.3%) requested psychological support, 6 (16.2%) warranted social welfare services and 1 (2.7%) support for learning disabilities. As for the 191 individuals who used the medical services, 101 (52.8%) were male and 88 (46.0%) were at first 2 years of their studies. Most of them had a health examination to receive a health certificate (74.8%) followed by those who received emergency care (e.g. respiratory infection, allergic reaction, injury, etc), chronic disease management and medicine subscription, as well as vaccination.

Conclusions
Complex bio-psychosocial needs have been identified, recorded and analyzed to explain the academic progress of socially vulnerable students.

Key messages
The students’ journey through medical and counseling services is being mapped to offer important information for educational policy. Assessment and monitoring of students’ complex needs are important to achieve quality in higher education.
The Italian well-being: a race against time
Authors: Cuccaro C , Bezzini D , Vaccaro M C , Coletta V , Messina G , Battaglia M A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Well-being is the result of many factors such as health, happiness, expectations, values. Italy has been one of European countries that in recent years has suffered most combination of economic, political and social stress, with consequences on well-being. The aims of study are i) to examine health and happiness perceptions of young adults ii) to compare actual results with a previous survey conducted in 2004.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between Jan-Dec 2017. A validated questionnaire was administered from the Italian Centre for Social Investment (CENSIS) to 1,003 young Italians, aged 18-40. The anonymous questionnaire investigated emotional aspects, health status, social life and socioeconomic status. The statistical analysis (chi-square p &lt; 0.05) was carried out to evaluate the association between the items of the questionnaire and variables such as age, sex, education level, income, work status, Marital Status (MS), Self-Confidence (SC), social-life.

Results
The sample resulted quite happy (2017 vs 2004:56.1% vs 63.7%), the happiness increasing with the socio-economic level and appearing to be related to work status, MS, SC and income (p &lt; 0.05). Good or excellent health were reported by 89.8% (2004:86.1%) with a decrease in older age, and significant differences for all studied variables (excluded MS). Although the majority declared to be satisfied with their social life (2017 vs 2004:73.4% vs 85.7%) and economic status (2017 vs 2004:49.8% vs 70.7%), the future still seems uncertain, with respondents unabled to make predictions about work (2017 vs 2004:49.9% vs 19.8%) or when having children (2017 vs 2004:44.6% vs 61.2%).

Conclusions
Quality of life of Italians is still satisfactory, with a good degree of happiness and health, despite a clear decrease compared to 2004. The survey highlights that young people continue to perceive the future as uncertain, mainly due to job instability, with difficulty planning their lives.

Key messages
In ten years the Italian well-being has been reduced, despite the perceived level of happiness and health still being positive. The lack of job opportunities, the awareness of employment instability are the main causes of the lack of confidence in the future.