bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taxonomic scheme of the order Chaetophorales (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) based on Chloroplast genomes
Authors: Liu Benwen , Hu Yu Xin , Hu Zheng Yu , Liu Guo Xiang , Zhu Huan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Order Chaetophorales currently includes six families, namely Schizomeridaceae, Aphanochaetaceae, Barrancaceae, Uronemataceae, Fritschiellaceae, and Chaetophoraceae. The phylogenetic relationships of Chaetophorales have been inferred primarily based on short and less informative rDNA sequences. This study aimed to phylogenetically reconstruct order Chaetophorales and determine the taxonomic scheme and to further the current understanding of the evolution of order Chaetophorales.Results: In the present study, seven complete and five fragmentary chloroplast genomes were harvested. Phylogenomic and comparative genomic analysis were performed to determine the taxonomic scheme within Chaetophorales. Consequently, Oedogoniales was found to be a sister to a clade linking Chaetophorales and Chaetopeltidales. Schizomeriaceae, and Aphanochaetaceae clustered into a well-resolved basal clade in Chaetophorales, inconsistent with the results of phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA sequences. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that the chloroplast genomes of Schizomeriaceae and Aphanochaetaceae were highly conserved and homologous, highlighting the closest relationship in this order. Germination types of zoospores precisely correlated with the phylogenetic relationships.Conclusions: chloroplast genome structure analyses, synteny analyses, and zoospore germination analyses were concurrent with phylogenetic analyses based on the chloroplast genome, and all of them robustly determined the unique taxonomic scheme of Chaetophorales and the relationships of Oedogoniales, Chaetophorales, and Chaetopeltidales.
Challenge for Diagnostic Assessment of Deep Learning Algorithm for Metastases Classification in Sentinel Lymph Nodes on Frozen Tissue Section Digital Slides in Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Kim Young-Gon , Song In Hye , Lee Hyunna , Yang Dong Hyun , Kim Namkug , Shin Dongho , Yoo Yeonsoo , Lee Kyowoon , Kim Dahye , Jung Hwejin , Cho Hyunbin , Lee Hyungyu , Kim Taeu , Choi Jong Hyun , Seo Changwon , Han Seong il , Lee Young Je , Lee Young Seo , Yoo Hyung-Ryun , Lee Yongju , Park Jeong Hwan , Gong Gyungyub , Oh Sohee 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Is Laminectomy and Fusion the Better Choice than Laminoplasty for Multilevel Cervical Myelopathy with Signal Changes on Magnetic Resonance Imaging ? A Comparison of Two Posterior Surgeries
Authors: He Xin , Zhang Jia Nan , Liu Tuan Jiang , Hao Ding Jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and complications between laminectomy and fusion (LF) and laminoplasty (LP) for multi-level cervical spondylotic myelopathy (MCSM) with increased signal intensity (ISI) on T2-weighted images (T2WI).Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 52 patients with MCSM with ISI on T2WI who underwent laminoplasty (LP group). The Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, the physical and mental component scores (PCS and MCS) of Short-Form 36 (SF-36), and the extension and flexion ranges of motion (ROMs) were recorded. As controls, propensity score matching identified 52 patients who underwent laminectomy and fusion (LF group) from January 2014 to June 2016 using 7 independent variables (preoperation): age, sex, JOA score, SF-36 PCS, SF-36 MCS, preoperative symptom duration and high signal intensity ratio (HSIR).Results The operative duration in the LF group was significantly higher than that in the LP group. At the last follow-up, the JOA score, VAS score, and SF-36 (PCS and MCS) scores were all significantly improved in both groups. The extension and flexion ROMs were decreased in both groups but significantly better in the LP group than in the LF group. Both groups demonstrated similar clinical improvements at the final follow-up. The complication rate was higher in the LF group.Conclusion The present study demonstrates that LP for MCSM with ISI on T2WI achieves similar clinical improvement as LF. However, longer operative durations, higher complication rates and lower extension and flexion ROMs were found in the LF group.
Fire needle plus cupping for acute herpes zoster: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Ying , Liang Zuohui , Li Shihua , Yang Ling , Guo Taipin , Yan Xu , Yang Juanjuan , Xu Qiannan , Zhang Qing , Zhao Jian , Li Cailian , Liu Xiuhong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAcute herpes zoster (AHZ) is a common skin disease caused by invasion of the varicella-zoster virus into the ganglia and skin, and the severe pain is the most complaint, which can seriously disturb the normal life of patients. Fire needle plus cupping is a special acupuncture treatment, which is widely used to treat AHZ for its better analgesic effect in China although it has not been fully verified by rigorous randomized controlled trial (RCT). Methods/ Design To test the effect, a three-arm randomized parallel controlled trial protocol has been designed. 105 AHZ patients suffering pain will be randomly divided into three groups in an equal proportion. The interventions are fire needle plus cupping (FC) in group A , famciclovir plus gabapentin (FG) in group B and fire needle plus cupping plus famciclovir (FCF) in Group C. The length for the trial is set for a week time frame. Precisely speaking, the A group (FC ) is to carry out 1 treatment per day for the total of 7 treatment sessions within 1 week period, On the other hand, the B group (FG) will take drugs orally three times a day within the trial 1 week . Meanwhile, with its combination element, the C group (FCF) is due to undertake both treatments and drugs as prescribed for A and B groups within the trial week. As an intra-trial arrangement, analgesics medication will be carefully administered for temporary pain release if the sudden intolerable pain appeared. For the primary outcome, this study is due to apply visual analogue scale to identify pain intensity relief. As the secondary outcomes are concerned, this study is aiming to focus on the issues related to changes in substance P and beta-endorphin concentrations in peripheral plasma, as well as those issues of analgesic needs, side effects, symptoms and physical signs including pain classification, local itching, burning sensation, fever, local lymphadenopathy, skin lesion area, blisters, herpes clusters, vesicular traits, ulcers, and pimples; and all these are taking into account for evaluation. For the final stage, the participants are due to be followed up for postherpetic neuralgia. Discussion: The results of this trial aim to provide sufficient evidence on FC treatment over both FG and FCF treatments. It will then give a credible alternative treatment to cut down acute pain and to cure AHZ infection. Trial registration: The registration number is ChiCTR1800015372. Registered on 28 March 2018.
Serum concentration of asprosin in new-onset type 2 diabetes
Authors: Naiemian Shakiba , naeemipour Mohsen , Zarei Mehdi , Najafi Moslem Lari , Gohari Ali , Behroozikhah Mohammad Reza , Heydari Hafez , Miri Mohammad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in individuals with insulin resistance. However, the available evidence on the association of asprosin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of asprosin and T2DM status. Methods: This observational study was performed based on 194 adults (97 newly diagnosed T2DM and 97 healthy individuals). Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants. Serum concentrations of asprosin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In patients with T2DM, the serum concentrations of asprosin were significantly higher than the healthy controls (4.18 [IQR: 4.4] vs. 3.5 [IQR: 1.85], P< 0.001). The concentrations of asprosin were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in healthy subjects and with BMI, FBG, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI), triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio in the T2DM group. In fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of T2DM with serum concentrations of asprosin was approximately 1.547 (95% CI 1.293-1.850, P< 0.001) compared to the control group. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were independently associated with asprosin in T2DM. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that serum concentrations of asprosin are increased in patients with T2DM. Also, asprosin is correlated with insulin resistance and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherosclerotic risk factor of cardiovascular diseases) in patients with T2DM.
Association between wasting and food insecurity among children under five years: Findings from Nepal demographic health survey 2016
Authors: Nepali Sajama , Simkhada Padam , Davies Ian Glyyn 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Wasting is a consequence of food insecurity, inappropriate dietary practices, and inadequate caring and feeding practices. The present study assessed association between wasting and household food insecurity among under five years old children, along with other socio-demographic characteristics.Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. The survey is cross-sectional in design with use of standardized tools. The sampling frame used is an updated version of the frame from the 2011 National Population and Housing Census. The participants were children under five years of age (n= 2414). Logistic regression was carried out to identify the odds of being wasted for children belonging to different levels of food insecure households using odds ratio and 95 percent confidence intervals. Results: The prevalence of wasting increased with the level of food insecurity, from mild (9.4%) to moderate (10.8%) and to severe (11.3%). The highest proportions of wasted children were in Province 2 (14.3%), from rural areas (10.1%), born to mothers with no education (12.4%) and from a richer quintile (11.3%). Children belonging to severe food insecure households had 1.36 (95%CI 0.72-2.57) adjusted odds of being wasted and those belonging to mild food insecure and moderately food insecure households had 1.13 (95%CI 0.65-1.97) and 1.36 (95%CI 0.72-2.57) odds of being wasted respectively. Province 1 (AOR 2.06, 95%CI 1.01-4.19) and Province 2 (AOR 2.45, 95%CI 1.22-4.95) were significantly associated with wasting.Conclusion: Considering the increment in childhood wasting as per level of food insecurity, an integrated intervention should be developed in Nepal that, 1. addresses improving knowledge and behavior of community people with respect to diet and nutrition; 2. reduce the problem of food insecurity through agricultural interventions.
CARTA Fellows’ Scientific Contribution to the African Public and Population Health Research Agenda (2011 to 2018)
Authors: Igumbor Jude , Bosire Edna N , Basera Tariro , Dieudonn Uwizeye , Fayehun Funke , Wao Hesborn , Ajuwon Ademola , Otukpa Emmanuel , Karimi Florah , Conco Daphney , Gitau Evelyn , Fonn Sharon 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Since its inception in 2009, the Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA) program has focused on strengthening the capacity of nine African universities and four research centres to produce skilled researchers and scholars able to improve public and population health on the continent. This study describes the alignment between CARTA-supported doctoral topics and publications with the priorities articulated by the African public and population health research agenda. Methods: We reviewed the output from CARTA PhD fellows between 2011 and 2018 to establish the volume and scope of the publications, and the degree to which the research focus coincided with the SDGs, World Bank, and African Development Bank research priority areas. We identified nine key priority areas into which the topics were classified.Results: In total, 140 CARTA fellows published 806 articles in peer-reviewed journals over the 8 years up to 2018. All the publications considered in this paper had authors affiliated with African universities, 90% of the publications had an African university first author and 41% of the papers have CARTA fellows as the first author. The publications are available in over 6300 online versions and have been cited in over 5500 other publications. About 69% of the published papers addressed the nine African public and population health research agenda and SDG priority areas. Infectious diseases topped the list of publications (26.8%), followed by the health system and policy research (17.6%), maternal and child health (14.7%), sexual and reproductive health (14.3%). Conclusions: Investments by CARTA in supporting doctoral studies provides fellows with sufficient training and skills to publish their research in fields of public and population health. The number of publications is understandably uneven across Africa’s public and population priority areas. Even while low in number, fellows are publishing in areas such as non-communicable disease, health financing, neglected tropical diseases and environmental health. Violence and injury is perhaps underrepresented. There is need to keep developing research capacity in partner institutions with low research output by training more PhDs in such institutions and by facilitating enabling environments for research.
A Multilevel Mixed Effects Analysis of Informal Carers Health in Australia: The role of Community Participation, Social Support and Trust at Small Area level.
Authors: Mohanty Itismita , Niyonsenga Theo , Cochrane Tom , Rickwood Debra 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Informal carers suffer from worse health outcomes than non-carers due to their caregiving role. Yet, in a society carers health is as important as that of their care recipients. This study investigated the self-assessed mental and general health outcomes of informal carers in Australia. It evaluated the influence of carers’ personal social capital- a logically linked sequence of their social behaviour such as community participation, social support and trust in others- on their health outcomes. The study estimated the magnitude of small local area (SA1) level variation along with individual level variation in carers’ health outcomes.Methods: The study used a multilevel mixed effects cross-sectional design using data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics of Australia survey, wave 14. It included Australians aged 15 years and older that were surveyed in the year 2014. The sample consisted of 12,767 individuals and 5004 SA1s. The outcome measures included- mental health, general health and physical functioning, domains of the Short Form 36 Questionnaire, a widely used multi-dimensional measure of health-related quality of life.Results: Informal carers suffered from poor mental (Beta = -0.587, p=0.003) and general health (Beta = -0.670, p=0.001) outcomes compared to non-carers in Australia. These health outcomes exhibited significant variation across small areas (SA1s) in Australia, with 12-13% variation in general and mental health. However, within small local areas, differences at the individual level, accounted for most of the variation in outcomes. Moreover, levels of community participation, personal social connection and trust, as perceived by individuals in the communities, had a positive influence on both mental and general health of carers and non-carers, and were more beneficial for carers compared to non-carers. Conclusion: It seems that the positive influence of social capital for carers helps them in coping with the negative impact of their caregiving duty on health outcomes. Findings suggested that some targeted community support programs for carers to build on their personal social cohesion and trust in their community could help in improving their poor health profiles. Moreover, improved informal carers’ health may help the health system in better managing their resources.
SUV39H1-DNMT3A-mediated epigenetic regulation of Tim-3 and galectin-9 in the cervical cancer
Authors: Zhang Li , Tian Sijuan , Zhao Minyi , Yang Ting , Quan Shimin , Yang Qing , Song Lihua , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Methylation of histone 3 at lysine 9 (H3K9) and DNA methylation are epigenetic marks correlated with genes silencing. The tumor microenvironment significantly influences therapeutic responses and clinical outcomes. The epigenetic-regulation mechanism of the costimulatory factors Tim-3 and galectin-9 in cervical cancer remains unknown. Methods: The methylation status of HAVCR2 and LGALS9 were detected by MS-PCR in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. The underlying molecular mechanism of SUV39H1-DNMT3A-Tim-3/galectin-9 regulation was elucidated using cervical cancer cell lines containing siRNA or/and over-expression system. Confirmation of the regulation of DNMT3A by SUV39H1 used ChIP-qPCR.Results: SUV39H1 up-regulates H3K9me3 expression at the DNMT3A promoter region, which in turn induced expression of DNMT3A in cervical cancer. In addition, the mechanistic studies indicate that DNMT3A mediates the epigenetic modulation of the HAVCR2 and LGALS9 genes by directly binding to their promoter regions in vitro. Moreover, in an in vivo assay, the expression profile of SUV39H1 up-regulates the level of H3K9me3 at the DNMT3A promoter region was found to correlate with Tim-3 and galectin-9 cellular expression level. Conclusion: These results indicate that SUV39H1-DNMT3A is a crucial Tim-3 and galectin-9 regulatory axis in cervical cancer.
Prognostic value of an autophagy-related gene expression signature for endometrial cancer patients
Authors: Wang Hui , Ma Xiaoling , Liu Jinhui , Wan Yicong , Jiang Yi , Xia Yankai , cheng wenjun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Autophagy is associated with cancer development. Autophagy-related genes play significant roles in endometrial cancer (EC), a major gynecological malignancy worldwide, but little was known about their value as prognostic markers. Here we evaluated the value of a prognostic signature based on autophagy-related genes for EC. Methods: First, various autophagy-related genes were obtained via the Human Autophagy Database and their expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Second, key prognostic autophagy-related genes were identified via univariat, LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Finally, a risk score to predict the prognosis of EC was calculated and validated by using the test and the entire data sets. Besides, the key genes mRNA expression were validated using quantitative real-time PCR in clinical tissue samples. Results: A total of 40 differentially expressed autophagy-related genes in EC were screened and five of them were prognosis-related (CDKN1B, DLC1, EIF4EBP1, ERBB2 and GRID1). A prognostic signature was constructed based on these five genes using the train set, which stratified EC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups (P<0.05). In terms of overall survival, the analyses of the test set and the entire set yielded consistent results (test set: p < 0.05; entire set: p < 0.05). Time-dependent ROC analysis suggested that the risk score predicted EC prognosis accurately and independently (0.674 at 1 year, 0.712 at 3 years and 0.659 at 5 years). A nomogram with clinical utility was built. Patients in the high-risk group displayed distinct mutation signatures compared with those in the low-risk group. For clinical sample validation, we found that EIF4EBP1and ERBB2 had higher level in EC than that in normal tissues while CDKN1B, DLC1 and GRID1 had lower level, which was consistent with the results predicted. Conclusions: Based on five autophagy-related genes (CDKN1B, DLC1, EIF4EBP1, ERBB2 and GRID1), our model can independently predict the OS of EC patients by combining molecular signature and clinical characteristics.
The association between family cohesion and disability following blunt trauma: Findings from a level-I trauma center in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almarwani Sarah , Hijazi Leen , Alamer Modhi , Alnwaiser Jury , Aldakheel Reem , Alsheikh Khalid , Albabtin Ibrahim , Alghnam Suliman 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Injuries pose a significant burden on population health of Saudi Arabia. Even in nonfatal injuries, the burden varies from temporary to permanent disabilities. Health outcomes following injuries can vary, and predictors of recovery from disability are not well understood. In the Kingdom, family values and cohesion can differ from other countries due to several factors, including religious beliefs and cultural traditions. Learning about predictors of injury recovery can improve prevention as well as planning for rehabilitation programs. Therefore, the study aims to evaluate the association between family cohesion and recovery following blunt injuries. Methods: This prospective study included 249 patients who were hospitalized for at least one day following blunt trauma in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh. Adult patients were interviewed twice: initially during admission, and a second interview via the phone three months after discharge. Baseline information included: demographics, injury characteristics, the five dimensions EQ-5D and family support scale. The follow-up interview captured only EQ-5D. Suboptimal family cohesion was defined as any issue with the relationship with parents, spouse, or siblings. Any disability was defined as a reported limitation in one or more domains of the EQ-5D scale. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between family cohesion and recovery at three months. Results: Of the overall sample, 169 (67.8%) responded to the second interview, and three patients passed away. About 95.2% of patients reported disabilities at baseline, while 88.1% continued to report disabilities after three months. Forty patients (16.1%) reported suboptimal family cohesion. Of these patients, 37(94.87%) were in pain, 33(82.5%) reported problems with usual activities, 32(80%) faced problems with self-care, 32 (80%) patients had difficulty in mobility, and 23(57.5%) were depressed. Multivariable regression suggested that patients with suboptimal family cohesion were less likely to recover from disabilities.Conclusion: The prevalence of any disability three months after discharge is striking. This study suggests that health outcomes after blunt trauma are affected by the strength of the patient’s family cohesion. More research is needed to identify effective ways through which the provision of social support can reduce short term disability after trauma.