bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
10 Deep brain stimulation of the bilateral habenula for treatment resistant depression: preliminary results of six patients
Authors: Zhang Chencheng , Zhang Yingying , Li Jun , Li Dianyou , Jin Haiyan , Voon Valerie , Sun Bomin 
Published: July 2020

Objectives/AimsThe habenular nucleus is a set of well-conserved structures involved in aversive reward and is inhibitory to major monoaminergic nuclei. Several cases indicated that it is a promising deep brain stimulation (DBS) target for treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). In this study, we assess the effectiveness and safeness of bilateral habenula DBS in MDD patients.MethodsSix patients with MDD underwent DBS of bilateral habenula in the study (5 bipolar disorder and 1 unipolar disorder; 4 males and 2 females). Quantitative susceptibility mapping was used to visualize the habenula. Hamilton depression scale (HAM-D) and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) were used to qualify the severity of depressive symptoms and were the primary outcome measures.Response to DBS was defined as a 50% decrease on the HAM-D and MADRS compared to baseline. The pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), 36-Item short form survey (SF-36) and sheehan disability scale (SDS) were used to assess quality of sleep, quality of life and disability respectively. These measures were implemented at baseline and 1-month, 3-month, 6-month and 12-month after surgery.ResultsAt one-month follow-up, compared to the baseline, the HAM-D and MADRS mean scores significantly decreased from 24 (2.2), 31 (4.1) to 14 (7.3), 17.3 (9.8) respectively and four patients were categorized as responders to DBS (p=0.018, p<0.01). Moreover, the PSQI mean score dramatically decreased from 16.3 (2.1) to 9.7 (3.3) (p<0.01) and the SF-36 total mean score increased from 317 (119.4) to 540 (228.3) (p=0.012). The SDS mean score also significantly decreased (p<0.05). There were no permanent side effects observed.ConclusionsThe results of one-month follow-up demonstrated that DBS of bilateral habenula may relieve the depressive symptoms rapidly. The quality of sleep, quality of life and functioning also improved.
27 The coexistence of social withdrawal and impulsivity: a trans-diagnostic approach
Authors: Mandali Alekhya , Gillan Claire , Voon Valerie 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionSocial anxiety disorder or phobia (SAD) is a debilitating condition, where an individual experiences overwhelming fear to situations involving social interactions. Prototypically, SAD presents as shy, submissive, inhibited, and risk- aversive behaviours. Contrastingly, an atypical sub-group show impulsive, aggressive, novelty-seeking behaviours along with severe substance abuse problems. In scenarios, where there is co-existence of polar opposite symptoms, trans-diagnostic approaches extrapolate the characteristics of a disorder as a continuum rather than a categorical one. Data-driven computational models such as drift diffusion model utilize behavioural measures and extract potential markers that reflect the activity of specific brain networks. Here, we aim to analyse and correlate the psychological traits with computational estimates of behaviour during risk-taking and value based decision making.MethodsWe used the data from 1400 participants who completed the 2 stage sequential learning task. We focused on the second stage of the task, where the reward probabilities of the choices are stochastic. The computational measures were estimated for two scenarios i.e. when the participants made 1) accurate choices and 2) risky choices (the choice with maximum variance in reward probability was labelled as risky). This computation was performed for all the trials across all the participants. We then used choice–(risky vs non-risky or correct vs incorrect) and response time as inputs to the hierarchical drift diffusion model to extract threshold (a), drift rate (v) and response bias (z) parameters. The computational parameters were then correlated with the 3 psychological factors that span the compulsive, anxiety- depression and the social withdrawal spectrum.ResultsThe computational parameters from both accuracy and risk taking scenarios of the sequential learning task were correlated with the 3 factors. While controlling for IQ and age, we found a generalized correlation which is significant between the threshold parameter(‘a’) and social withdrawal, with the former estimate being negatively correlated (Accuracy: |r| = -0.078, p=0.003; Risk: |r| = -0.075, p=0.005) with the latter. This relation was not observed with regard to anxiety-depression and compulsive traits.ConclusionsWe show that individuals with higher social withdrawal levels are impulsive as they accumulate less evidence while making a choice. This behaviour holds irrespective of the choice being chosen is an optimal or a risky one. Critically, we show how a trans-diagnostic approach of integrating computational model and psychological questionnaires can reveal the existence of psychological traits as a continuum.
34 Case report of sertraline exacerbation of tics in tourette’s with OCD
Authors: Paramlall Mark , Tyagi Himanshu 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionTourette Syndrome (TS) is a prototypical Neuropsychiatric neurodevelopmental disorder consisting of multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic, usually preceding the motor tic, with onset prior to age 18 and of a duration of at least 1 year.1 2It is estimated that 50% of TS patients demonstrate OCD behaviours during their lifetime.3Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s) are approved for treatment of depression and for OCD. There are literature reports of the SSRIs, exacerbating or causing tics. However, in all the cases described, symptoms resolved on cessation of Sertraline. We present below a case report of a patient in which this was not the case.Case ReportOur patient was a 22-year-old man an unremarkable medical and psychiatric history except mild childhood tics, resolved in adulthood, was referred with a 3-year history of disabling tics (vocal and motor) of sudden onset after using Sertraline prescribed for depression. Three days post Sertraline he began singing his conversation, swearing and suffering from muscle twitches. His symptoms evolved to include: facial tics (masseter spasms, blinking, puffing of his cheek, expelling air through his lips, forehead wrinkling), complex thoracic and upper limb tics (violent head turnings with a hand grabbing motion, shrugging shoulders with violent right arm movements imitating a severe precordial thump, upper limb shaking with spasms and episodes of punching outwards and upper limb flexion with fingers curled as if he is holding an object such as a gun), Lower limb tics (hip gyration, kicking and occasional foot tapping) and vocal tics (simple and complex). Tics were associated with premonitory urge with increased anxiety and intensity on voluntary inhibition. Investigations were unremarkable and included an LP, blood tests with immunological profile, photo stimulation EEG and an MRI. Unsuccessful treatment modalities employed: CBT for twitches (24 sessions) and psychopharmacological interventions (Risperidone, Haloperidol and Quetiapine. Family history was significant for Sertraline intolerance. He was treated with Aripiprazole 2.5 mg for his diagnosis of Gilles la Tourette syndrome with comorbid OCD.ResultsThe subject responded well to Aripiprazole with reduced tic episodes.ConclusionThe above case is the only one in the literature to identify a family history of sertraline intolerance and requiring treatment with D2 modulator and a 5HT agonist for tic cessation after tic exacerbation post Sertraline treatment.ReferencesRobertson MM, Eapen V. Cavanna AE, et.al. The international prevalence, epidemiology and clinical phenology of Tourette Syndrome: a cross cultural perspective.J Psychosom Res2009;67(6): 475–83American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th Edition. Arlington (VA): American Psychiatric Association, 2013Leckman JF, Pauls DL, Cohen DJ. Tic disorders. In: Bloom FE, Kupfer DJ. (eds).Psychopharmacology: The fourth Generation of Progress. New York: Raven Press, 1995, 1665–1674
Safety and feasibility of ulnar artery access for neuroangiography and neurointervention: a case series
Authors: Dossani Rimal H , Waqas Muhammad , Tso Michael K , Rajah Gary B , Popoola Daniel , Rai Hamid H , Levy Elad I , Siddiqui Adnan H , Davies Jason M 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundRadial access has become popular among neurointerventionalists because it has favorable risk profiles compared with femoral access. Difficulties in accessing or navigating the radial artery have been viewed as a reason to convert to femoral access, but ulnar artery access may prevent complications associated with transfemoral procedures.ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and feasibility of ulnar access for neurointerventions and diagnostic neuroangiographic procedures.MethodsConsecutive patients who underwent diagnostic angiography or neurointerventional procedures via ulnar access between July 1, 2019 and April 15, 2020 were included. Data recorded were demographics, procedure indication, devices, technique, and complications. Descriptive analysis was performed.ResultsUlnar artery access was obtained for 21 procedures in 18 patients (mean age 70.3±7.8 years; nine men). Procedures included 13 diagnostic angiograms and eight neurointerventions (3 left middle meningeal artery embolization, 1 of which was aborted; 2 carotid artery stenting; 2 angioplasty; 1 mechanical thrombectomy for in-stent thrombosis). A right-sided approach with ultrasound guidance was used for all cases except one. Indications included small caliber radial artery (n=9), radial artery occlusion (n=10), and radial artery preservation for potential bypass (n=2). A 5-French slender sheath was used for diagnostic angiography; a 6-French slender sheath was used for neurointerventions. No case required conversion to femoral access. Two patients had minor hematomas after the procedure; one other had ulnar artery occlusion on 30-day ultrasonography.ConclusionUlnar access is safe and feasible for diagnostic and interventional neuroangiographic procedures. It provides a useful alternative to radial access, potentially avoiding complications associated with femoral access.
Variation in the MRI signal intensity of naturally occurring equine superficial digital flexor tendinopathies over a 12‐month period
Authors: Berner Dagmar , Brehm Walter , Gerlach Kerstin , Offhaus Julia , Scharner Doreen , Burk Janina 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundSignal intensity (SI) of equine tendinopathies in MRI differs between the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) and the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT). In DDFT lesions, short tau inversion recovery (STIR) SI decreases earlier than T2‐weighted (T2w) SI, while the latter decreases earlier in SDFT lesions, but long‐term results using STIR sequences are lacking.MethodsStanding MRI of eight horses with naturally occurring SDFT lesions was performed at the day of treatment as well as 2, 6 and 12 months after treatment.ResultsAfter 12 months, six horses were sound and showed complete resolution of increased SI in T2w fast spin echo (FSE) images, but increased SI was found in STIR images in three horses and persisted in T1w and T2*w gradient recall echo images of all horses. In contrast, hyperintense areas were still visible in the SDFT in T2w FSE images in two horses presenting with re‐injury. In the six horses without re‐injury, percentage of cross‐sectional areas affected and SI decreased over time in all sequences.ConclusionsThis study suggests that SI in naturally occurring SDFT lesions decreases earlier in T2w FSE than in STIR images, in contrast to the DDFT.
The FAMU experiment: muonic hydrogen high precision spectroscopy studies
Authors: Pizzolotto C. , Adamczak A. , Bakalov D. , Baldazzi G. , Baruzzo M. , Benocci R. , Bertoni R. , Bonesini M. , Bonvicini V. , Cabrera H. , Cirrincione D. , Citossi M. , Chignoli F. , Clemenza M. , Colace L. , Danailov M. , Danev P. , de Bari A. , De Vecchi C. , de Vincenzi M. , Fasci E. , Furlanetto E. , Fuschino F. , Gadedjisso-Tossou K. S. , Gianfrani L. , Guffanti D. , Hillier A. D. , Ishida K. , King P. J. C. , Labanti C. , Maggi V. , Mazza R. , Menegolli A. , Mocchiutti E. , Moretti L. , Morgante G. , Niemela J. , Patrizi B. , Pirri A. , Pullia A. , Ramponi R. , Rignanese L. P. , Roman H. E. , Rossella M. , Sarkar R. , Sbrizzi A. , Stoilov M. , Stoychev L. , Suárez-Vargas J. J. , Toci G. , Tortora L. , Vallazza E. , Vannini M. , Xiao C. , Zampa G. , Vacchi A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe FAMU experiment aims to measure for the first time the hyperfine splitting of the muonic hydrogen ground state. From this measurement the proton Zemach radius can be derived and this will shed light on the determination of the proton charge radius. In this paper, we describe the scientific goal, the method and the detailed preparatory work. This includes the outcome of preliminary measurements, subsequent refined simulations and the evaluation of the expected results. The experimental setup being built for the measurement of the hyperfine splitting to be performed at the RAL laboratory muon facility is also described.
BRG1 Loss Predisposes Lung Cancers to Replicative Stress and ATR Dependency
Authors: Gupta Manav , Concepcion Carla P. , Fahey Caroline G. , Keshishian Hasmik , Bhutkar Arjun , Brainson Christine F. , Sanchez-Rivera Francisco J. , Pessina Patrizia , Kim Jonathan Y. , Simoneau Antoine , Paschini Margherita , Beytagh Mary C. , Stanclift Caroline R. , Schenone Monica , Mani D.R. , Li Chendi , Oh Audris , Li Fei , Hu Hai , Karatza Angeliki , Bronson Roderick T. , Shaw Alice T. , Hata Aaron N. , Wong Kwok-Kin , Zou Lee , Carr Steven A. , Jacks Tyler , Kim Carla F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Inactivation of SMARCA4/BRG1, the core ATPase subunit of mammalian SWI/SNF complexes, occurs at very high frequencies in non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). There are no targeted therapies for this subset of lung cancers, nor is it known how mutations in BRG1 contribute to lung cancer progression. Using a combination of gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we demonstrate that deletion of BRG1 in lung cancer leads to activation of replication stress responses. Single-molecule assessment of replication fork dynamics in BRG1-deficient cells revealed increased origin firing mediated by the prelicensing protein, CDC6. Quantitative mass spectrometry and coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that BRG1-containing SWI/SNF complexes interact with RPA complexes. Finally, BRG1-deficient lung cancers were sensitive to pharmacologic inhibition of ATR. These findings provide novel mechanistic insight into BRG1-mutant lung cancers and suggest that their dependency on ATR can be leveraged therapeutically and potentially expanded to BRG1-mutant cancers in other tissues.

Significance:
These findings indicate that inhibition of ATR is a promising therapy for the 10% of non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring mutations in SMARCA4/BRG1.
Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) population density and relative abundance at the buffer zone of the Chingaza National Natural Park, cordillera oriental of the colombian andes
Authors: Rodríguez Daniel , Reyes Adriana , Quiñones-Guerrero Andres , Poveda-Gómez Fidel Ernesto , Castillo-Navarro Yeimy , Duque Robinson , Reyes-Amaya Nicolás Rafael 
Published: July 2020

The Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) population density and relative abundance within the Chingaza Massif were assessed between September 2015 and May 2016. One hundred seventeen (117) camera traps were installed at 9 grids: 13 cameras per grid, each camera separated 750 m from the other; the sampling effort was 17,057 days-trap. Two thousand seven hundred eighty-four (2,784) native fauna records were obtained, 1,456 corresponding to mammals, 183 records for Andean bear specimens, 158 of them independent bear records (at least one hour between records), and 106 effective-independent bear records (also permitting individual recognition). Fifty-seven (57) Andean bear individuals were identified according to key external morphological features. Sixteen (16) adults were recaptured (12 males and 4 females), with a maximum mean distance of 27.22 km. Bears population density was 2.9 bears per 100 km². Based on this density and the buffer area of the sampling grids, we estimated an overall number of 122 bears in 4,215.15 km². The estimated density is the first for the species in Colombia and the lowest regarding previous reports from other countries. Thus, it is necessary to better understand how integral habitat quality and the anthropic impacts on habitat quality, availability, and connectivity may affect the Andean bear population densities in Colombia, as a useful tool for assessing populations` state and focus future conservation actions.
Surveys of the bee (Hymenoptera: Apiformes) community in a Neotropical savanna using pan traps
Authors: Viana Thaís Andrade , Lourenço Anete Pedro 
Published: July 2020

Bee populations are declining because of various synergistic threats, and therefore bee survey and monitoring programs are needed. Several techniques have been developed to survey bees, but the most cost-effective and suitable methods to sample bees in several sites at the same time are passive approaches, such as methods involving colored pan traps (also known as Moericke or bowl traps). Several bee surveys using pan traps have been conducted in North America, Europe, and Australia, but only a few such surveys have been done in tropical regions. We used colored pan traps (blue, yellow, and white) to assess the bee community in the Brazilian savanna ecosystem in Rio Preto State Park. Sampling was conducted in October 2013 and March 2014 along permanent trails. We also characterized the local habitat of each trail, and then we compared bee abundance with habitat complexity. In total, 187 individual bees (n = 15 species) were collected, mainly using blue and white traps. Although we were not able to sample most species that were previously recorded in this park, the pan trap method can be used to survey and monitor bee assemblages in combination with another sampling method. Habitat complexity also affected the numbers of bees sampled using the pan traps, and more bees were collected at open sites.
Pisidia longimana (Risso, 1816), a junior synonym of P. bluteli (Risso, 1816) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Porcellanidae) and a species distinct from P. longicornis (Linnaeus, 1767)
Authors: Ferreira Luciane Augusto de Azevedo , Tavares Marcos 
Published: July 2020

Pisidia longimana (Risso, 1816) and P. bluteli (Risso, 1816), both described from Nice, France, have been considered each other’s synonyms or have been validated depending on successive taxonomic opinions. The validity of both in respect to P. longicornis (Linnaeus, 1767) has also been contradicted a number of times. The current lack of clarity in the use of the names P. longicornis, P. longimana and P. bluteli has resulted in nomenclatural instability, but also in unreliability and miscommunication as regards the available ecological and distributional information. The validity of P. bluteli and P. longimana is revisited herein based on a large number of specimens (241 males, 190 females and 33 juveniles) from many different localities. The latter species is confirmed as a junior synonym of the former, whereas P. bluteli and P. longicornis are herein considered separate species. Diagnostic characters and morphological variations are discussed and illustrated.
Hierarchical Mapping for Crosslingual Word Embedding Alignment
Authors: Azpiazu Ion Madrazo , Pera Maria Soledad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The alignment of word embedding spaces in different languages into a common crosslingual space has recently been in vogue. Strategies that do so compute pairwise alignments and then map multiple languages to a single pivot language (most often English). These strategies, however, are biased towards the choice of the pivot language, given that language proximity and the linguistic characteristics of the target language can strongly impact the resultant crosslingual space in detriment of topologically distant languages. We present a strategy that eliminates the need for a pivot language by learning the mappings across languages in a hierarchical way. Experiments demonstrate that our strategy significantly improves vocabulary induction scores in all existing benchmarks, as well as in a new non-English–centered benchmark we built, which we make publicly available.
Linkage between Projected Precipitation and Atmospheric Thermodynamic Changes
Authors: Chen Jiao , Dai Aiguo , Zhang Yaocun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLight–moderate precipitation is projected to decrease whereas heavy precipitation may increase under greenhouse gas (GHG)-induced global warming, while atmospheric convective available potential energy (CAPE) over most of the globe and convective inhibition (CIN) over land are projected to increase. The underlying processes for these precipitation changes are not fully understood. Here, projected precipitation changes are analyzed using 3-hourly data from simulations by a fully coupled climate model, and their link to the CAPE and CIN changes is examined. The model approximately captures the spatial patterns in the mean precipitation frequencies and the significant correlation between the precipitation frequencies or intensity and CAPE over most of the globe or CIN over tropical oceans seen in reanalysis, and it projects decreased light–moderate precipitation (0.01 < P ≤ 1 mm h−1) but increased heavy precipitation (P > 1 mm h−1) in a warmer climate. Results show that most of the light–moderate precipitation events occur under low-CAPE and/or low-CIN conditions, which are projected to decrease greatly in a warmer climate as increased temperature and humidity shift many of such cases into moderate–high CAPE or CIN cases. This results in large decreases in the light–moderate precipitation events. In contrast, increases in heavy precipitation result primarily from its increased probability under given CAPE and CIN, with a secondary contribution from the CAPE/CIN frequency changes. The increased probability for heavy precipitation partly results from a shift of the precipitation histogram toward higher intensity that could result from a uniform percentage increase in precipitation intensity due to increased water vapor in a warmer climate.