bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protection from neuropathy in extreme duration type 1 diabetes
Authors: Azmi Shazli , Ferdousi Maryam , Kalteniece Alise , Petropoulos Ioannis N. , Ponirakis Georgios , Alam Uazman , Asghar Omar , Marshall Andrew , Sankar Adhithya , Boulton Andrew J. M. , Soran Handrean , Efron Nathan , Malik Rayaz A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA proportion of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus for more than 50 years (medallists) may be protected from developing nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy. Detailed neuropathy phenotyping was undertaken in a cohort of 33 medallists aged 63.7 ± 1.4 years with diabetes for 58.5 ± 0.8 years and HbA1c of 65.9 ± 2.1 mmol/mmol. Medallists had a significantly higher HbA1c (P < .001), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P = .005) and higher albumin creatinine excretion ratio (ACR) (P = .01), but a lower total cholesterol (P < .001), triacylglycerols (P = .001), low density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (P < .001) and higher high density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (P = .03), compared to controls. Twenty‐four percent of participants were identified as “escapers” without confirmed diabetic neuropathy. They had a lower neuropathy symptom profile (P = .002), vibration perception threshold (P = .02), warm threshold (P = .05), higher peroneal amplitude (P = .005), nerve conduction velocity (P = .03), heart rate variability (P = .001), corneal nerve fibre density (P = 0.001), branch density (P < .001) and length (P = .001), compared to medallists with diabetic neuropathy. Escapers had a shorter duration of diabetes (P = .006), lower alcohol consumption (P = .04), lower total cholesterol (P = .04) and LDL (P = .02), higher eGFR (P = .001) and lower ACR (P < .001). Patients with extreme duration diabetes without diabetic neuropathy have a comparable HbA1c, blood pressure and body mass index, but a more favourable lipid profile and consume less alcohol compared to those with diabetic neuropathy.
Association between changes in urine output and successful indomethacin treatment for patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates
Authors: Louis Deepak , Dey Arjun , Jain Amish 
Published: November 2020

AimTo investigate the relationship between changes in urine output during indomethacin treatment and ductal closure in preterm neonates.MethodsIt is a retrospective study in neonates ≤32 weeks who had received two courses of indomethacin for PDA treatment over a 5‐year period. Indomethacin courses with pre‐ and post‐echocardiography confirmation of PDA status were included. Various urine output indices were collected and compared between successful versus unsuccessful indomethacin courses. Indomethacin treatment success was defined as: (i) where PDA closed or became haemodynamically insignificant (hisPDA) after treatment and (ii) only including neonates where PDA had complete closure after treatment. ROC analysis was performed to examine predictive ability of urine output during indomethacin for treatment success.ResultsOne hundred and eight indomethacin courses (first course: 52, second course: 56) in 80 neonates were included. The mean gestational age and birthweight were 25.4 ± 1.3 weeks and 762 ± 165 g, respectively. Irrespective of the definition used, there was no significant differences seen in any of urine output parameters between groups, except for a higher urine output during indomethacin associated with complete PDA closure (3.6 ± 1.3 vs. 3.0 ± 1.0 mL/kg/h, P = 0.02). The incidence of significant oliguria, hyponatraemia and need to withhold/delay indomethacin doses were also similar across groups.ConclusionUrine output was not a useful predictor of ductal response to indomethacin treatment in preterm neonates.
A novel nutritional risk score and prognosis of oral cancer patients: A prospective study
Authors: Chen Qing , Fan Yi , Li Yanni , Wang Jing , Chen Lin , Lin Jing , Chen Fa , Wang Jing , Qiu Yu , Shi Bin , Pan Lizhen , Lin Lisong , He Baochang , Liu Fengqiong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the prognostic performance of a novel nutritional risk score based on serum iron, hemoglobin, and body mass index (BMI) in oral cancer patients, and to predict the response to chemotherapy in patients with different nutritional status.MethodsX‐tile analysis was performed to determine the optimal cutoff values of serum iron, hemoglobin, and BMI. A nutritional risk score was established by using the HR values of serum iron, hemoglobin, and BMI. Kaplan–Meier curve and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the prognostic value of the nutritional risk score in overall survival (OS) and oral cancer‐specific survival (OCSS).ResultsSerum iron, hemoglobin, and body mass index were all inversely related to the prognosis of oral cancer. The adjusted HR of serum iron, hemoglobin, and BMI were 1.562, 1.886, and 1.465 for OS, and 1.653, 1.865, and 1.443 for OCSS. Patients with higher nutritional risk score had a poorer OS and OCSS. Additionally, chemotherapy was only associated with improved OCSS in patients with the lowest nutritional risk score, but not in patients with higher one.ConclusionsNutritional risk score is of prognostic value in oral cancer patients. Favorable response to chemotherapy may only be observed in well‐nourished oral cancer patients with lower nutritional risk score.
Anaphylaxis in children
Authors: Tanno Luciana Kase , Demoly Pascal 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAnaphylaxis in children is a potential acute life‐threatening systemic hypersensitivity reaction. Anaphylaxis fatality rate is estimated to be 0.65% to 2%. Food is the main anaphylaxis trigger in children, notably cow's milk, peanuts, and tree nuts. Mucocutaneous manifestations are observed in more than 90% of cases, but it is not essential for diagnosis. Deaths are rather secondary to the laryngeal edema, observed in 40%‐50% of cases. Personal history of asthma, allergy to particular foods such as peanuts and tree nuts, and adolescence are known risk factors for anaphylaxis and more severe reactions. Epinephrine (adrenaline) is the medication of choice for the first‐aid treatment of anaphylaxis. However, adrenaline auto‐injectors (AAIs) are commercially available in only 32% of world countries. There are still considerable unmet needs in the field of anaphylaxis in children. Therefore, the Montpellier WHO Collaborating Centre aims to start the global action plan applied to anaphylaxis.
Soybean transporter database: A comprehensive database for identification and exploration of natural variants in soybean transporter genes
Authors: Deshmukh Rupesh , Rana Nitika , Liu Yang , Zeng Shuai , Agarwal Gaurav , Sonah Humira , Varshney Rajeev , Joshi Trupti , Patil Gunvant B. , Nguyen Henry T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTransporters, a class of membrane proteins that facilitate exchange of solutes including diverse molecules and ions across the cellular membrane, are vital component for the survival of all organisms. Understanding plant transporters is important to get insight of the basic cellular processes, physiology, and molecular mechanisms including nutrient uptake, signaling, response to external stress, and many more. In this regard, extensive analysis of transporters predicted in soybean and other plant species was performed. In addition, an integrated database for soybean transporter protein, SoyTD, was developed that will facilitate the identification, classification, and extensive characterization of transporter proteins by integrating expression, gene ontology, conserved domain and motifs, gene structure organization, and chromosomal distribution features. A comprehensive analysis was performed to identify highly confident transporters by integrating various prediction tools. Initially, 7541 transmembrane (TM) proteins were predicted in the soybean genome; out of these, 3306 non‐redundant transporter genes carrying two or more transmembrane domains were selected for further analysis. The identified transporter genes were classified according to a standard transporter classification (TC) system. Comparative analysis of transporter genes among 47 plant genomes provided insights into expansion and duplication of transporter genes in land plants. The whole genome resequencing (WGRS) and tissue‐specific transcriptome datasets of soybean were integrated to investigate the natural variants and expression profile associated with transporter(s) of interest. Overall, SoyTD provides a comprehensive interface to study genetic and molecular function of soybean transporters. SoyTD is publicly available at http://artemis.cyverse.org/soykb_dev/SoyTD/.
A modified silent substitution electroretinography protocol to separate photoreceptor subclass function in lightly sedated dogs
Authors: Wise E. N. , Foster M. L. , Kremers J. , Mowat F. M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveA previously published study successfully isolated photoreceptor responses from canine rods, long/medium‐wavelength (L/M) cones, and short‐wavelength (S) cones using silent substitution electroretinography (ERG) performed under general anesthesia. We hypothesized that responses would be similar in dogs under sedation and that a curtailed protocol suitable for use in clinical patients could effectively isolate responses from all three photoreceptor subtypes.Animals studiedThree normal adult purpose‐bred beagles (2 females and 1 male).MethodsDogs were dark‐adapted for 1 hour. Sine wave color stimuli were delivered using LEDs in a Ganzfeld dome. The ERG protocol under anesthesia was performed as previously published; sedated ERG protocols were performed after a 3‐day washout period. Intravenous sedation (dexmedetomidine 1.25 mcg/kg, butorphanol 0.1 mg/kg) was administered for sedation. Statistical analysis was performed using two‐way repeated‐measures ANOVA and linear regression.ResultsIn both anesthetized and sedated animals, rod‐derived responses peaked at low frequency (4‐12 Hz), L/M‐cone responses peaked at high frequency (32‐38 Hz), and S‐cone responses peaked at low frequency (4‐12 Hz). The frequencies eliciting maximal responses were similar in sedated and anesthetized protocols, although rod amplitudes were significantly higher in the sedated protocols compared with anesthetized (P < .001).ConclusionWe present a clinically applicable method to consistently isolate rod and cone subclass function in sedated dogs. This may allow detailed evaluation of photoreceptor function in clinical patients with rod or cone subclass deficits without the need for general anesthesia or protracted adaptation times.
The urethra of healthy female dogs can be normally narrowed due to the urethral flexure in retrograde CT urethrography
Authors: Kang Kyuyong , Kim Kyeonga , So Jaebeom , Lee Jieun , Jang Yongseok , Choi Jeongwoo , Choi Mincheol , Yoon Junghee 
Published: November 2020

AbstractQuantitative analysis of urethral size in male dogs by retrograde CT urethrography using a power injector is a recently reported technique. The aim of the current, prospective, analytical study was to apply the same method to six, healthy, intact female Beagle dogs. The proximal (P < .0001) and middle (P = .0010) urethral volumes significantly differed between the empty and distended bladder states, although no significant difference was observed in the distal volume (P = .0971). Unlike male dogs, female dogs showed two patterns of the urethral course: a straight urethra and urethral flexure. The urethral flexure was always related to intrapelvic position of the urinary bladder, and the more caudal the location of the vesicourethral junction beyond the pecten of the pubic bone, the more marked the appearance of the urethral flexure. Analysis of the urethral diameter at five sites (adopted from the previous radiographic study) was performed, and the urethral diameter showed a significant difference between the empty and the distended bladder states at sites 1 (vesicourethral junction, P < .0001), 2 (P < .0001), and 3 (P = .0244). However, there were no significant differences at sites 4 (P = .2516) and 5 (inflatable retention bulb, P = .1260). The urinary bladder may be in part intrapelvically located in clinically healthy female dogs, and urethral flexure and urethral narrowing can result from the intrapelvic location of the bladder. Narrowing of the urethra should be interpreted with caution when the pelvic bladder is identified.
Anal sacculiths may be an incidental finding in dogs
Authors: Heng Hock Gan , Lim Chee Kin , Fulkerson Caroline V. , Fulkerson Christopher M. , Weng Hsin‐Yi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMineral‐attenuating material is occasionally seen in the anal sacs of dogs during abdominal CT studies. This retrospective, descriptive study was performed to estimate the prevalence and CT appearance of this mineral‐attenuating material. A total of 357 abdominal CTs were reviewed retrospectively. The mineral‐attenuating material was most easily identifiable using the brain window setting (window width: 120 HU; window level: 40 HU). In the current study, the prevalence of mineral‐attenuating material in the anal sacs was 7.6% (95% confidence interval, 5.0‐10.8%) with 48.1% bilateral involvement and equal distribution in the right and left in dogs with unilateral involvement. Successful collection and material analysis were performed in three dogs. The material was determined to be 100% dried blood, 100% waxy matter, and a “small amount of fat enmeshed in unidentified noncrystallined material.” Given the CT appearance and the Hounsfield unit of these mineral‐attenuating material within the anal sacs, the term “anal sacculiths” is proposed. All dogs with anal sacculiths within this study population did not have any reported disease of the anal sacs.
Shape Accuracy and Surface Quality of Additively Manufactured, Optimized, Patient-Specific Bone Plates
Authors: Seebach Michael , Fritz Christian , Kerschreiter Johanna , Zaeh Michael Friedrich 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Powder-based additive manufacturing technologies such as powder bed fusion (PBF) using a laser beam (PBF-LB) and PBF using an electron beam (PBF-EB) allow the manufacturing of complex, patient-specific implants from titanium alloys at appropriate manufacturing expenses and thus production cost. To meet medical quality requirements, mechanical post-treatment (e.g., grinding and polishing) is often required. However, different medical applications require specific quality characteristics. It is therefore necessary to assess the fulfillment of the requirements for each case individually with regard to the manufacturing technologies. This study investigated the potential of the two mentioned additive manufacturing technologies for manufacturing patient-specific, topology-optimized bone plates that are used for osteosynthesis (the joining of bone segments) in the reconstruction of the mandible (lower jaw). Identical individualized implants were manufactured and subsequently treated with established industrial processes and examined according to medical quality requirements. Crucial quality requirements for this medical application are the shape accuracy (for exact bone positioning and even load transmission) as well as the surface quality (to enhance fatigue strength and prevent bone ingrowth in view of the subsequent easy removal of the plates). The machining of the implants is shown in comparison to distinguish the two manufacturing processes from established procedures.
Low-Back Pain and Knee Position–Related Differences on Postural Control Measures During a One-Legged Stance in Athletes
Authors: Nowotny Alexandre H. , Calderon Mariane Guizeline , Alves Bruno Mazziotti O. , de Oliveira Marcio R. , Andraus Rodrigo A. de Carvalho , Aguiar Andreo F. , Amorim Cesar F. , Leonard Guillaume , da Silva Rubens A. 
Published: November 2020

Context: Chronic low-back pain (CLBP) may be associated with changes in postural balance in athletes as poor postural control during sports practice. Objective: To compare the postural control of athletes with and without CLBP during 2 one-legged stance tasks and identify the center of pressure (COP) cutoff values to determine the main differences. Designed: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Laboratory of functional evaluation and human motor performance. Participants: A total of 56 male athletes, 28 with and 28 without CLBP (mean age = 26 y). Intervention: The one-legged stance with knee extension and with the knee at 30° flexion tasks were measured and analyzed on a force platform. The participants completed three 30-second trials (30 s of rest between each trial). Main Outcome Measures: The COP parameters: the area of COP, mean COP sway velocity in both the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions, and total COP displacement were computed, and a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was applied to determine the group differences. Results: Athletes with CLBP had poorer postural control (P < .01) in both tasks. The 30° knee flexion reported more postural instability than the knee extension for all COP parameters (a large effect size d = 0.80).The knee extension cutoffs identified were >7.1 cm2 for the COP area, >2.6 cm/s for the COP sway velocity in the anterior-posterior direction, and >3.2 cm/s for the mediolateral direction. Whereas, the 30° knee flexion cutoffs were >10.9 cm2 for the COP area, >2.9 cm/s for the COP sway velocity in the anterior-posterior direction, and >4.1 cm/s for the mediolateral direction. Both measures showed enough sensitivity and specificity (ie, area under the curve = 0.88 in and 0.80, respectively) to discriminate both groups. Conclusions: The athletes with CLBP had poorer postural control than the healthy athletes and obtained specific cutoff scores from the COP values.
Risky business: a 15-year analysis of fatal coastal drowning of young male adults in Australia
Authors: Lawes Jasmin C , Ellis Annabel , Daw Shane , Strasiotto Luke 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionDrowning is a leading cause of unintentional death, especially for males. In Australian coastal waters, young male adults account for 25% of the burden of male drowning. This study aims to describe young male coastal drowning deaths and to examine the prevalence of risk factors, especially alcohol and drugs.MethodsCharacteristics of unintentional fatal drowning involving males (15–34 years) were compared with other adults (15 years and older). Data were sourced from the National Coronial Information System (Australia) and Surf Life Saving incident reports (2004/2005–2018/2019). Relative risk was calculated and χ2tests of independence were performed (p<0.05). Blood alcohol and drug concentrations were analysed with permutational analyses of variance.ResultsYoung males drowned more while jumping (9.85 times), swimming/wading (1.41 times), at rock/cliff locations (1.42 times) and on public holidays (1.8 times). Young males drowned less while boating (0.81 times), scuba diving (2.08 times), offshore (1.56 times) or due to medical factors (3.7 times). Young males drowned more (1.68 times) after consuming illicit drugs (amphetamines 2.26 times; cannabis 2.25 times) and less with prescription drugs (benzodiazepines 2.6 times; opiates 4.1 times; antidepressants 7.7 times). Blood serum concentrations of cannabis were higher in young males, while amphetamine and alcohol were lower.DiscussionUnsafe behaviours alongside certain activities or locations create deadly combinations of risk factors. A relationship between age, activity, attitude and affluence is proposed, where young males drown more in affordable activities with fewer regulations. Our results support multilevel strategies (spanning life stages) to reduce young male coastal drowning.
Overcoming leukemia heterogeneity by combining T cell engaging bispecific antibodies
Authors: Hoseini Sayed Shahabuddin , Espinosa-Cotton Madelyn , Guo Hong-fen , Cheung Nai-Kong V 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundLeukemia represents about 5% of all human cancers. Despite advances in therapeutics, a substantial number of patients succumb to the disease. Several subtypes of leukemia are inherently more resistant to treatment despite intensive chemotherapy or targeted therapy.MethodsHere we describe the generation of T cell engaging (CD3) bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) built on humanized IgG frameworks using the IgG(L)-scFv format against two targets expressed on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and on acute myeloid leukemia (AML).ResultsEach BsAb mediated potent anti-leukemia effect against ALL (CD19) and AML (CD33) in vitro and in xenograft models. Importantly, the CD19-specific BsAb (BC250) was effective against hematogenous spread preventing metastases to liver and kidney in mice bearing ALL and Burkitt’s lymphoma xenografts. BC250 was more potent than the The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved BsAb blinatumomab against ALL xenografts in vivo as measured by tumor bioluminescence and mouse survival. Furthermore, the combination of the CD19 and CD33 BsAbs in two xenograft models of mixed phenotype acute leukemia (biphenotypic and bilineal leukemia) was far superior than monotherapy with either of the BsAbs alone.ConclusionsSelective combinations of these leukemia-specific BsAb offer the potential to overcome tumor heterogeneity or clonal escape in the modern era of antibody-based T cell-driven immunotherapy.
Imaging criteria across pivotal randomized controlled trials for late window thrombectomy patient selection
Authors: Menon Bijoy K , Ospel Johanna Maria , McTaggart Ryan A , Nogueira Raul G , Demchuk Andrew M , Poppe Alexandre , Rempel Jeremy L , Zerna Charlotte , Joshi Manish , Almekhlafi Mohammed A , Field Thalia S , Dowlatshahi Dariush , van Adel Brian Anthony , Sauvageau Eric , Tarpley Jason , Moreira Tiago , Bang Oh Young , Heck Don , Psychogios Marios N , Tymianski Michael , Hill Michael D , Goyal Mayank 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe DAWN and DEFUSE-3 trials showed the benefit of endovascular treatment (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke patients presenting beyond 6 hours from last known well (LKW) and selected by perfusion imaging criteria. The ESCAPE NA1-trial selected patients based on non-contrast CT (NCCT) Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and multiphase CT angiography (CTA) collateral status. This study compares baseline characteristics, workflow, and outcomes in the EVT arms of DAWN and DEFUSE-3 with late-window patients from the EVT-only arm of ESCAPE-NA1.MethodsAggregate data on baseline characteristics, workflow, reperfusion quality, final infarct volume, and clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Score [mRS] at 90 days) in subjects enrolled in the DAWN and DEFUSE-3 EVT arms were compared with similar data from the ESCAPE-NA1 control arm (EVT-only arm) presenting beyond 6 hours from LKW using descriptive statistics.ResultsBaseline characteristics among late-window patients in the ESCAPE NA1 trial were similar to those in the DAWN and DEFUSE-3 EVT arms. Median time from LKW-to-puncture in subjects enrolled in the ESCAPE NA1 trial was 9 hrs (IQR: 7.5–11 hours) when compared with DAWN (n=107; 12.8 hours, IQR: 10.6–16.7 hours) and DEFUSE-3 (n=92; 11.5 hours, IQR: 9.2–12.8 hours). Median post-treatment infarct-volume was largest in the ESCAPE NA1-patients (47 mL [IQR: 19–146] vs median 8 mL [IQR: 0–48] in the DAWN group and 35 mL [IQR: 18–82] in DEFUSE-3), while % mRS 0–2 at 90 days were similar across the three trials (ESCAPE NA1: 50/111 [45%], DAWN: 52/107 [49%], DEFUSE-3: 41/92 [45%]).ConclusionPatients enrolled beyond 6 hours from LKW in the ESCAPE-NA1 trial based on NCCT-ASPECTS and mCTA had similar clinical outcomes when compared with patients selected by perfusion imaging in the DAWN and DEFUSE-3 trials.