bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Household Purchasing Productivity: Concept and Consequences
Authors: Shaw Eric H. , Pirog Stephen F. , Hall Justin R. 
Published: March 2020

To provide a logically coherent explanation for the high correlations found between a nation’s economic affluence and overall subjective wellbeing, this research takes a micro-macro systems approach. We extend the standard micro theoretical model of the household, by separating purchasing from home production. This separation allows analysis of the opportunity costs in trading-off time and money (as in make or buy decisions) for various household processes. By expanding the household model, a formula is derived to empirically test the relationship between aggregate household income and aggregate household purchasing productivity. The data, although rudimentary, support the hypothesis that growing economic affluence results in greater purchasing productivity. That is, aggregate household demand for marketing output increases more than proportionally to the purchasing time inputs to acquire it; and this increase in household purchasing productivity affords the option of trading off money for time (less make, more buy). Increasing purchasing productivity provides greater opportunities for household satisfaction, ceteris paribus, by freeing up time in household production; thereby providing more time and/or greater quality sensory data input into the consumption process to create satisfaction. Conversely, falling economic affluence has the reverse effect. It results in declining purchasing productivity and the necessity of trading off time for money (more make, less buy). Consequently, reduced opportunity for household satisfaction because of less time and/or lesser quality sensory characteristics input into the consuming process. Thus household purchasing productivity, which explicates the trade-off between make (or time) in home production versus buy (or money) in household purchasing, we argue, provides the linkage to explain a nation’s standard of living and potential happiness.
Cerebral oxygenation improvement is associated with hemoglobin increase after hemodialysis initiation
Authors: Ito Kiyonori , Ookawara Susumu , Ueda Yuichiro , Miyazawa Haruhisa , Uchida Takayuki , Kofuji Masaya , Hayasaka Hideyuki , Minato Saori , Kaneko Shohei , Mutsuyoshi Yuko , Yanai Katsunori , Ishii Hiroki , Matsuyama Momoko , Kitano Taisuke , Shindo Mitsutoshi , Aomatsu Akinori , Hirai Keiji , Hoshino Taro , Tabei Kaoru , Morishita Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Near-infrared spectroscopy has been used to measure the regional oxygen saturation (rSO2) of the brain, and decreases in cerebral rSO2 have been reported to lead to cognitive impairment in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, reports about the association between changes in cerebral oxygenation and clinical parameters at hemodialysis initiation, including hemoglobin level, are lacking. Methods: This study included 33 patients at the hemodialysis initiation phase. Cerebral rSO2 was monitored using an INVOS 5100C. Included patients were assessed twice (at hemodialysis initiation and 42.7 ± 20.8 days after the first measurement), and changes in cerebral rSO2 were compared with changes in clinical parameters. Results: Cerebral rSO2 at the second measurement significantly increased compared with that at hemodialysis initiation (57.2 ± 6.8% vs 54.4 ± 8.8%, p < 0.05). Changes in cerebral rSO2 represented a significant correlation with changes in hemoglobin level, pulse rate, and serum albumin level. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed using significant factors in simple linear regression analysis. Changes in hemoglobin (standardized coefficient: 0.37) and serum albumin (standardized coefficient: 0.45) levels were identified as independent factors influencing the changes in cerebral rSO2. Conclusion: Cerebral rSO2 was low in the presence of low hemoglobin levels at hemodialysis initiation and improved in response to hemoglobin increase in addition to changes in serum albumin levels. Attention should be paid to changes in hemoglobin levels even at hemodialysis initiation to prevent the deterioration of cerebral oxygenation, and this might contribute to the maintenance of cognitive function in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Outcomes Associated With Resuming Direct Oral Anticoagulant Therapy Following Admission for a Gastrointestinal Bleed
Authors: Valanejad Sara M. , Davis Kyle A. , Nisly Sarah A. 
Published: March 2020

Background: Although direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) carry a lower bleeding risk compared with warfarin, gastrointestinal bleeds (GIB) are a known complication. There are limited data observing outcomes associated with resuming DOACs following a GIB. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate practice patterns and clinical outcomes of patients admitted with an index GIB while receiving DOAC therapy. Methods: This retrospective, single-system study included adult patients receiving DOAC therapy prior to admission and hospitalized with an index GIB between January 1, 2013, and October 31, 2018. Patient exclusion criteria were a history of immune thrombocytopenia purpura or inflammatory bowel disease; discharge to hospice; leaving against medical advice; or death during hospitalization. The primary objective was 90-day readmission for a recurrent GIB. Results: There were 57 patients included for analysis; 37 patients had DOAC therapy held >7 days, 18 patients resumed DOAC therapy within 7 days, and 2 patients switched to warfarin. The majority of patients received rivaroxaban (59.6%) prior to admission for atrial fibrillation (71.9%), were admitted with a major GIB (66.7%), and required a blood transfusion (61.4%). The rates of recurrent GIB were 2.5% (n = 1) and 5.6% (n = 1) for those who had their DOAC held and resumed, respectively ( P = 0.83). Mortality within 12 months of discharge occurred in 4 patients (10.8%) who had their DOAC held and 4 patients (22.2%) who resumed DOAC therapy ( P = 0.28). Conclusion and Relevance: Resuming anticoagulation within 7 days of admission for an index GIB was not associated with a recurrent GIB within 90 days of discharge.
Effect on Overall Health Status With Weightbearing at 2 Weeks vs 6 Weeks After Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Ankle Fractures
Authors: Schubert Jonathon , Lambers Kaj T. A. , Kimber Cheryl , Denk Katharina , Cho Matthew , Doornberg Job N. , Jaarsma Ruurd L. 
Published: March 2020

Background: Ongoing controversy exists on postoperative weightbearing status after open reduction and internal fixation of an ankle fracture. This prospective randomized controlled trial aimed to compare patient-based and physician-based outcomes after early weightbearing at 2 vs 6 weeks postoperatively. Methods: Fifty patients with unstable rotational-type ankle fractures were treated operatively with subsequent immobilization in a below-the-knee cast for 2 weeks and were then randomly allocated to 2 groups. The first group had early weightbearing at 2 weeks postoperation and the second group at 6 weeks postoperation. Follow-up included subjective and objective evaluations performed at 2, 6, 12, and 26 weeks postoperatively. The primary outcome was the patient-based general health status as measured with the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) scoring system. Secondary outcome was the Olerud and Molander ankle score. Power analysis revealed a study group of 50 patients was needed to show a clinically relevant effect size of 10 points in both EQ-5D visual analog scale (VAS) score and Olerud and Molander score. Results: Patients in the early weightbearing group had higher mean EQ-5D VAS scores at a 6-week follow-up ( P = .014) of 77 ± 14 compared to 66 ± 15 for late mobilization. No difference was found at other follow-up points or between groups for physician-based outcome measures. At 26 weeks postoperatively, mean Olerud and Molander ankle scores were similar at 84 ± 16 and 81 ± 17 for mobilization at 2 and 6 weeks postoperation, respectively. Conclusion: Early weightbearing after operative fixation of rotational-type ankle fractures had a clinically relevant and statistically significant benefit in patient-based general health status, as quantified with EQ-5D VAS scores, at 6 weeks postoperation. These results contribute to our understanding of early weightbearing and may encourage consideration of weightbearing at 2 weeks postoperatively in standard protocols. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level I, prospective randomized controlled trial.
Nuclear Medicine for the Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Surgeon
Authors: Serino Joseph , Kunze Kyle N. , Jacobsen Stephen K. , Morash Joel G. , Holmes George B. , Lin Johnny , Lee Simon , Hamid Kamran S. , Bohl Daniel D. 
Published: March 2020

Nuclear medicine has been widely applied as a diagnostic tool for orthopedic foot and ankle pathology. Although its indications have diminished with improvements in and the availability of magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear medicine still has a significant and valuable role. The present article offers a comprehensive and current review of the most common nuclear imaging modalities for the orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon. Methods discussed include bone scintigraphy, gallium citrate scintigraphy, labeled-leukocyte scintigraphy, and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We review the indications and utility of these techniques as they pertain to specific foot and ankle conditions, including osteomyelitis, stress fractures, talar osteochondral lesions, complex regional pain syndrome, oncology, plantar fasciitis, and the painful total ankle arthroplasty. We conclude with a discussion of our approach to nuclear medicine with illustrative cases. Level of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion.
Upregulation of the transcription factor TFAP2D is associated with aggressive tumor phenotype in prostate cancer lacking the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion
Authors: Fraune Christoph , Harms Luisa , Büscheck Franziska , Höflmayer Doris , Tsourlakis Maria Christina , Clauditz Till S. , Simon Ronald , Möller Katharina , Luebke Andreas M. , Möller-Koop Christina , Steurer Stefan , Hube-Magg Claudia , Sauter Guido , Weidemann Sören , Lebok Patrick , Dum David , Kind Simon , Minner Sarah , Izbicki Jakob R. , Schlomm Thorsten , Huland Hartwig , Heinzer Hans , Burandt Eike , Haese Alexander , Graefen Markus , Schroeder Cornelia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
TFAP2D is a transcription factor important for modulating gene expression in embryogenesis. Its expression and prognostic role in prostate cancer has not been evaluated.

Methods
Therefore, a tissue microarray containing 17,747 prostate cancer specimens with associated pathological, clinical, and molecular data was analyzed by immunohistochemistry to assess the role of TFAP2D.

Results
TFAP2D expression was typically increased in prostate cancer as compared to adjacent non-neoplastic glands. TFAP2D staining was considered negative in 24.3% and positive in 75.7% of 13,545 interpretable cancers. TFAP2D staining was significantly linked to advanced tumor stage, high classical and quantitative Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis, and a positive surgical margin (p ≤ 0.0045). TFAP2D positivity was more common in ERG fusion positive (88.7%) than in ERG negative cancers (66.8%; p < 0.0001). Subset analyses in 3776 cancers with and 4722 cancers without TMPRSS2:ERG fusion revealed that associations with tumor phenotype and patient outcome were largely driven by the subset of ERG negative tumors. Multivariate analysis did not identify TFAP2D protein expression levels as a robust independent prognostic parameter. Positive TFAP2D immunostaining was significantly associated with 10 of 11 previously analyzed chromosomal deletions in ERG negative cancers (p ≤ 0.0244 each) indicating that elevated TFAP2D expression parallels genomic instability in prostate cancer.

Conclusion
These data demonstrate that TFAP2D protein overexpression is linked to prostate cancer progression and genomic instability in ERG negative prostate cancers.
Experimental Research on the Dynamic Lubricating Performance of Slipper/Swash Plate Interface in Axial Piston Pumps
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Zhou Jichen , Jing Chongbo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe interface between the slipper/swash plate is one of the most important frication pairs in axial piston pumps. The test of this interface in a real pump is very challenging. In this paper, a novel pump prototype is designed and a test rig is set up to study the dynamic lubricating performance of the slipper/swash-plate interface in axial piston machines. Such an experimental setup can simulate the operating condition of a real axial piston pump without changing the relative motion relationship of the interfaces. Considering the lubricant oil film thickness as the main measurement parameter, the attitude of the slipper under the conditions of different load pressure, rotation speed and charge pressure are studied experimentally. After the test, the wear state of the swash plate is observed. According to the friction trace on the surface of the swash plate, the prediction for the attitude of the slipper and the zone easy to wear are verified.
Functionalized Folate-Modified Graphene Oxide/PEI siRNA Nanocomplexes for Targeted Ovarian Cancer Gene Therapy
Authors: Wang Yunfei , Sun Guoping , Gong Yingying , Zhang Yuying , Liang Xiaofei , Yang Linqing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGene therapy is emerging as a valid method for the treatment of ovarian cancer, including small interfering RNA (siRNA). Although it is so powerful, few targeting efficient gene delivery systems seriously hindered the development of gene therapy. In this study, we synthesized a novel gene vector PEG-GO-PEI-FA by functionalized graphene oxide (GO), in which folic acid (FA) can specifically bind to the folate receptor (FR), which is overexpressed in ovarian cancer. Characterizations of the nanocomplexes were evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The siRNA condensation ability and stability were assessed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Cellular uptake efficiency and lysosomal escape ability in ovarian cancer cells were investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Furthermore, cellular biosafety of the system and inhibitory of the siRNA tolerability were evaluated by CCK-8 assay. The size of the PEG-GO-PEI-FA nanocomplexes was 216.1 ± 2.457 nm, exhibiting mild cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cells. With high uptake efficiency, PEG-GO-PEI-FA can escape from the lysosome rapidly and release the gene. Moreover, PEG-GO-PEI-FA/siRNA can effectively inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells. By and large, the PEG-GO-PEI-FA/siRNA may offer a promising strategy for siRNA delivery in the treatment of FR-positive ovarian carcinoma or similar tumors.
CNV Radar: an improved method for somatic copy number alteration characterization in oncology
Authors: Soong David , Stratford Jeran , Avet-Loiseau Herve , Bahlis Nizar , Davies Faith , Dispenzieri Angela , Sasser A. Kate , Schecter Jordan M. , Qi Ming , Brown Chad , Jones Wendell , Keats Jonathan J. , Auclair Daniel , Chiu Christopher , Powers Jason , Schaffer Michael 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Cancer associated copy number variation (CNV) events provide important information for identifying patient subgroups and suggesting treatment strategies. Technical and logistical issues, however, make it challenging to accurately detect abnormal copy number events in a cost-effective manner in clinical studies.

Results
Here we present CNV Radar, a software tool that utilizes next-generation sequencing read depth information and variant allele frequency patterns, to infer the true copy number status of genes and genomic regions from whole exome sequencing data. Evaluation of CNV Radar in a public multiple myeloma dataset demonstrated that CNV Radar was able to detect a variety of CNVs associated with risk of progression, and we observed > 70% concordance with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results. Compared to other CNV callers, CNV Radar showed high sensitivity and specificity. Similar results were observed when comparing CNV Radar calls to single nucleotide polymorphism array results from acute myeloid leukemia and prostate cancer datasets available on TCGA. More importantly, CNV Radar demonstrated its utility in the clinical trial setting: in POLLUX and CASTOR, two phase 3 studies in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, we observed a high concordance rate with FISH for del17p, a risk defining CNV event (88% in POLLUX and 90% in CASTOR), therefore allowing for efficacy assessments in clinically relevant disease subgroups. Our case studies also showed that CNV Radar is capable of detecting abnormalities such as copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity that elude other approaches.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that CNV Radar is more sensitive than other CNV detection methods, accurately detects clinically important cytogenetic events, and allows for further interrogation of novel disease biology. Overall, CNV Radar exhibited high concordance with standard methods such as FISH, and its success in the POLLUX and CASTOR clinical trials demonstrated its potential utility for informing clinical and therapeutic decisions.
Evidence for a novel overlapping coding sequence in POLG initiated at a CUG start codon
Authors: Khan Yousuf A. , Jungreis Irwin , Wright James C. , Mudge Jonathan M. , Choudhary Jyoti S. , Firth Andrew E. , Kellis Manolis 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
POLG, located on nuclear chromosome 15, encodes the DNA polymerase γ(Pol γ). Pol γ is responsible for the replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Pol γ is the only DNA polymerase found in mitochondria for most animal cells. Mutations in POLG are the most common single-gene cause of diseases of mitochondria and have been mapped over the coding region of the POLG ORF.

Results
Using PhyloCSF to survey alternative reading frames, we found a conserved coding signature in an alternative frame in exons 2 and 3 of POLG, herein referred to as ORF-Y that arose de novo in placental mammals. Using the synplot2 program, synonymous site conservation was found among mammals in the region of the POLG ORF that is overlapped by ORF-Y. Ribosome profiling data revealed that ORF-Y is translated and that initiation likely occurs at a CUG codon. Inspection of an alignment of mammalian sequences containing ORF-Y revealed that the CUG codon has a strong initiation context and that a well-conserved predicted RNA stem-loop begins 14 nucleotides downstream. Such features are associated with enhanced initiation at near-cognate non-AUG codons. Reanalysis of the Kim et al. (2014) draft human proteome dataset yielded two unique peptides that map unambiguously to ORF-Y. An additional conserved uORF, herein referred to as ORF-Z, was also found in exon 2 of POLG. Lastly, we surveyed Clinvar variants that are synonymous with respect to the POLG ORF and found that most of these variants cause amino acid changes in ORF-Y or ORF-Z.

Conclusions
We provide evidence for a novel coding sequence, ORF-Y, that overlaps the POLG ORF. Ribosome profiling and mass spectrometry data show that ORF-Y is expressed. PhyloCSF and synplot2 analysis show that ORF-Y is subject to strong purifying selection. An abundance of disease-correlated mutations that map to exons 2 and 3 of POLG but also affect ORF-Y provides potential clinical significance to this finding.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of PUB genes in cotton
Authors: Lu Xuke , Shu Na , Wang Delong , Wang Junjuan , Chen Xiugui , Zhang Binglei , Wang Shuai , Guo Lixue , Chen Chao , Ye Wuwei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The U-box gene encodes a ubiquitin ligase that contain U-box domain. The plant U-box gene (PUB) plays an important role in the response to stresses, but few reports about PUBs in cotton were available. Therefore research on PUBs is of great importance and a necessity when studying the mechanisms of stress- tolerance in cotton.

Results
In this study, we identified 93, 96, 185 and 208 PUBs from four sequenced cotton species G. raimondii (D5), G. arboreum (A2), G. hirsutum (AD1) and G. barbadense (AD2), respectively. Prediction analysis of subcellular localization showed that the PUBs in cotton were widely localized in cells, but primarily in the nucleus. The PUBs in cotton were classified into six subfamilies (A-F) on the basis of phylogenetic analysis, which was testified by the analysis of conserved motifs and exon-intron structures. Chromosomal localization analysis showed that cotton PUBs were unevenly anchored on all chromosomes, varying from 1 to 14 per chromosome. Through multiple sequence alignment analysis, 3 tandem duplications and 28 segmental duplications in cotton genome D5, 2 tandem duplications and 25 segmental duplications in A2, and 143 homologous gene pairs in A2 and D5 were found; however no tandem duplications in A2 or D5 were found. Additionally, 105, 14 and 17 homologous gene pairs were found in the intra-subgenome of At and Dt, At sub-genome and Dt sub-genome of G. hirsutum, respectively. Functional analysis of GhPUB85A and GhPUB45D showed that these genes positively responded to abiotic stresses, but the expression patterns were different. In addition, although the expression levels of these two homologous genes were similar, their contributions were different when responding to stresses, specifically showing different responses to abiotic stresses and functional differences between the two subgenomes of G. hirsutum.

Conclusions
This study reported the genome-wide identification, structure, evolution and expression analysis of PUBs in cotton, and the results showed that the PUBs were highly conserved throughout the evolutionary history of cotton. All PUB genes were involved in the response to abiotic stresses (including salt, drought, hot and cold) to varying degrees.
Correction to: Wnt3a induces exosome secretion from primary cultured rat microglia
Authors: Hooper Claudie , Sainz-Fuertes Ricardo , Lynham Steven , Hye Abdul , Killick Richard , Warley Alice , Bolondi Cecilia , Pocock Jennifer , Lovestone Simon 
Published: March 2020

Following the publication of this article [1], it has been noted by the authors that an image of the same cell nuclei has been used in error twice, in Fig. 8, parts A and B. These images are redundant in this figure as the images in parts D and E show Wnt3a treated and control cells stained with both Hoechst 33342 (as in parts A and B) and fluorescein diacetate. The data from multiple repetitions of the Hoechst 33342 stain experiment are presented in graph C. Thus, the duplicated images (in Fig. 8A and B) add no additional data and do not change the results or conclusions reached in the article. The authors apologize for any confusion this may have caused.