bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of smart power meter for local electrical power generators in Baghdad city
Authors: Waheib Bushra Mahmoud , Hasan Ihsan Jabbar , Jalil Salih Nahla Abdul , Abdulkhaleq Nadhir Ibrahim 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe shortage in electrical power generation in Iraq due to several wars, forced the people to use an alternative solution. One of such solutions is the local power generators that distributed rapidly in Iraqi cities. The investors whom owning these generators make the prices for delivering the power to the consumers without power meters. In this paper, a smart power meter for such generators can be used in each customer place. The smart power meter simply is composed of an Arduino Pro Mini microcontroller with an ACS712 current sensor and DS3231 Real Time Clock. The sensed data is proceed using simple algorithm to calculate the required bill according to the consumed average amperes multiplied by the ampere price setting by the provider during the delivery period. The proposed meter with its low cost and fair bill calculations can be used at each end-user location for local generators.
Key Exchange Protocols for Parallel Network File Systems Using Optimized Cryptography
Authors: Lafta Inam Abdullah , Khamees Ruaa Ali , Abdalrahman Rana Alauldeen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The utilization of parallel file system is expanding quickly nowadays; security moves toward becoming are significant worry about inside this work is to structure capable and secure affirmed key trade conventions that meet explicit necessities of pNFS. The current techniques neglected to achieve alluring properties, for instance, scalability, viability, escrow free and forward mystery. A large portion of existing techniques either has not been alluringly practiced or are not reachable by the current Kerberos-based arrangement. These issues overwhelmed by a late technique which is utilizing an assortment of authenticated key trade conventions that are intended to address the above issues. This technique utilized AES calculation for security. In this undertaking, It is giving that a new AES calculation objective of accomplishing speed and security. This new AES is called as IAES (improved AES). The proposed security technique will accomplish better execution as far as speed, security, and correspondence overhead when contrasted with existing strategies.
Investigating the Access Point height for an indoor IOT services
Authors: Burhan I M , Al-Hakeem M S , Abdulwahid M M , Mosleh M F 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe prospects of location estimation and localization approaches in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) by using Received Signal Strength (RSS) have gained significant resonance recently. Selecting the appropriate highest for Access Point (AP) and Transmitter devices can achieve higher accuracy for different localization approaches and IoT (Internet of Things) based services. In addition, reducing the shadow fading effects and increasing the coverage area. In this paper, the effect of different AP height on the variation of signal strength was investigated with a height ranging between (1-2.5) m. The obtained RSS measurement indicates that AP height at 2.5 m can achieve best RSS measurement with respect to receiver height of (1.10) m, especially for NLoS received points. Furthermore, RSS measurement system has been designed and utilized for this investigation. The measurement system is connected with an open based cloud platform for aggregation, visualization and analysing the measurement data. The proposed system can achieve high-speed RSS measurements, low-cost implementation and provide more facilities in collecting and monitoring a huge amount of data.
Performance of the adaptive sliding mode control scheme for output voltage control of the DC/DC buck converter system
Authors: Rasheed Luay Thamir 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, the DC output voltage of a step-down DC/DC buck converter system has been controlled using different schemes of sliding mode controllers (SMCs) such as classical sliding mode controller (CSMC), modified sliding mode controller (MSMC) and the adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC). As the DC/DC buck converter is a nonlinear and time-variant system, the application of linear control techniques for controlling this type of converters is not always suitable. Therefore, the SMCs are used here due to their characteristic features of maintaining the overall system stability with acceptable performance in the absence or presence of the parameters uncertainty and external disturbance. The simulation results obtained using MATLAB/Simulink software show the advantages of using ASMC in terms of reducing the settling time, the chattering value in the control action and the steady state error but the hitting time is increased when compared with the CSMC. Besides, the simulation results show the advantages of using ASMC in terms of reducing the settling time and the chattering value, but the steady state error and the hitting time are increased when compared with the MSMC. Since the buck converter is a fast response system, the performance of the ASMC is better than that of the CSMC and MSMC in terms of reducing the settling time and the chattering value in the control action.
Virtual private network impacts on the computer network performance with different traffic generators
Authors: Nagy Zaman , Wali Mousa K. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Virtual private network (VPN) is providing a solution of security to the network nodes. This can be performed by applying tunnels on the link connecting the hosts. However, VPN connection may impact the performance of network according to the traffic density. In this paper, three types of network seniors were tested in presence of VPN connection. A 200 Mbps VPN connection was made between a pair of nodes and performance of this connection is examined by monitoring the time delay and throughput. Network traffic seniors were changes between CRB, HTTP and FTP protocols. Results shown that throughput is not affected when using HTTP-UDP topology. While, throughput is increased when HTTP-TCP topology is used. The time delay is generally increasing in case of HTTP-UDP and HTTP-TCP as compared with other traffic generators.
Design Low Power Detection QPSK-Transceiver for UWB Techniques
Authors: Hamid Hamood Shehab , Mohammed Mohammed Saeed , Mustafa Omar Ibrahim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the implementation and investigation of the quarter phase shift keying low power detection. The receiver is designed and modeled using Matlab. It was tested for different values of SNR with a constant input signal power of 100 mW. The FFT based receiver performance is measured theoretically by transmitting 1000 information symbols from the transmitter end with 7 dB improvement at Bit Error Rate BER of 10e−4, Multi Modulation Techniques Recommended and not Recommended are simulated in this research. In this research the modulation method was selected on the basis of reducing rates of the interference in the UWB communication techniques and the essential modulation should have several types of spectrum random distribution methods to reduce the level of the interference on account of the impulse train that transmitted.
Analysis of Interference and Signal Quality in Cellular Wireless Networks
Authors: Al-Jaff Sazan , Bayat Oguz , Sallomi Adheed Hassan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An analytical model to compute the effect of co-channel interference from the base stations at the Multi-cell CDMA systems is proposed. The objective is to study the effect of multiple-access interference generated by the neighbor cells on multi-cell CDMA and W-CDMA systems capacity. The potential of adaptive antennas in interference reduction and signal quality improvement in CDMA mobile communications systems is analyzed. The study shows that improvement in base-station sensitivity can boost system performance.
Low Complexity Rate Compatible Puncturing For Future Communication network
Authors: Aftan Ahmed Obaid , Sadiq Muhammed Salah , Alnasrawi Mukhalad , Aljanabi Mohanad , Jumaa Fadhel A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An efficient low complexity puncturing method has studied to achieve rate compatible. The parallel concatenation codes are use mixing of one component of Quasi-Cyclic (QC) low-density parity check codes LDPC codes with two components of (LDPC) in linear coding. The proposed QC-PCGC have lower computation complexity when compared with traditional punctured PCGC. The decreasing in the complexity analysis yields to the reducing in the memory requirement for the encoding/decoding system. It is possible to use the suggested coding system structure in the future communication applications like fifth generation (5G), where it is needed to have coding flexibility, with less complexity in encoding and decoding.
Photonic Antenna Design for Long Term Evolution Application
Authors: Abdualnabi Hussein Ali , Al-Aboosi Yasin Yousif , Sallomi Adheed Hasan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Radio over fiber (RoF) technology is an appropriate solution of transmission media a new fiber optic and cable development very high cost. The photonic antenna can crack this problem. This paper focuses on the development of the photonic antenna concept in order to integrate the antenna for long term evolution application. The proposed operating frequency range is 1.7 to 2.4 GHz which supports most of the spectrum used. The simulation of the designed an antenna by using FR-4 the substrate is analyzed by using the Microwave studio (CST). This project presents a proposed design for the Long-Term Evolution application in the close area by analyzes from the S-parameter characteristics.
Evaluate the effectiveness of cylindrical cooling holes embedded in arc trench over flat plate surface using infra-red technology
Authors: Ajlan Wisam A , Daud Harbi A , Yasin Nabil J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The present study employed Infra-Red Technology (IRT) to show and measure flat plate surface temperature. Experimental investigation of film cooling holes was achieved. The effect of blowing ratio for the Perspex flat plate samples was obtained using Thermal Image camera and Thermal Wind Tunnel (TWT). A flat plate with (240 mm long x 8 mm height x 120 mm width) was fabricated using the CNC machine. Namely, 9 film cooling holes (4 mm diameter) are placed as one row at a lateral spacing of pitch equal to three times of hole diameter with 35° angle of injection. Infra-Red Technology (IRT) was used to examine the ejected cooling air experimentally through increasing injection BR (BR=0.5, 1 and 1.5). So far, in terms of film cooling performance, the experimental result illustrates noticeable improvement achieved at BR=1 due to a reduction in plat surface temperature. Thermocouple technology was also used in this study by embedding 8 thermocouples in the flat place surface to measure the temperature of the coolant in the midline along the surface. The transient temperature along plate was measured for each BR during the first 500 sec of the test. Consequently, the lower the blowing ratio, the more stable increment in temperature points (gradually increasing) with longer testing time to reach steady state after 1500 sec. Moreover, the cylindrical holes model provides better film cooling efficiency at BR=1 and the arc trench model gave the best enhancement ineffectiveness at BR=0.5 and 1. It was found that, the experimental results were in excellent matching with previous published results. Finally, IRT shows successfully the qualitative temperature distribution on the plate surface.
Experimental Evaluation of Fresnel’s lens solar concentrator in Iraq
Authors: Obaid Ahmed H. , Sahlani Assaad Al , Eidan Adel A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This work presents an experimental study to utilize extreme sun rays temperature via Fresnel’s lens concentrate using a solar tracking system. The experimental rig consists of a freely rotating two-axis frame that is controlled by an electronic circuit that implements Arduino and stepper motors as a control system to adjust the position of the Fresnel’s lens focal by moving the motors accordingly. The focal of the sunray is to be maintained stationary at a fixed position to ensure continuity of heat flow on the absorption plate. The experimental results showed that the focal temperature reached as high as 422° C when the ambient temperature was 17° C. Observing the results, gives an idea of promising ability to use the Fresnel’s lens in a wide range of renewable energy applications such as heating and heat storage.
The Optimum Theoretical Design of Ranque-Hilsch Vortex Tube by using a Technique of Multiple Attribute Decision Making
Authors: Alwan Fouad , Taha Abdual Wahab A. , Dawood Qasim Abbas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The vortex tube is one of the devices used in refrigeration and air conditioning. This device is characterized by many features, including ease of manufacture, low cost, no need of maintenance, and does not produce any harmful waste for the environment, also rather it is one of the applications of environmentally friendly renewable energies. The Ranque _Hilsch vortex tube is used in medical purposes, the airplane cabins, cooling or heating of gases, and gases component separation. In present research, a theoretical and numerical study has been prepared to predict the expected temperature of the vortex tube according to the following variables: inlet pressure range (1.5-6.0 bar), the length-to-diameter ratio is 10, 13, 16 and19, and the ratio of mass cold air to the interior air is 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8. Also, the multi-attribute decision-making technique (MADM) was used to rearrange the results that were studied according to the importance of parameters and available data. According to Weighted Sum Method (WSM) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) the optimize choice at L/d = 13 with temperature drop 69.6 °C, pressure 6 bar, cold mass fraction µ = 0.2 and COP = 0.09127, by Weighted Product Method (WPM) the results showed that the optimum choice at L/d = 13 with temperature drop 62.6 °C, pressure 6 bar, cold mass fraction µ = 0.4 and COP = 0.16312
Numerical Modelling of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer of (TiO2-Water) Nanofluids in Wavy duct
Authors: Ghadhban Safaa A. , Abid Aun Salah Haji , Jehhef Kadhum Audaa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates numerically pressure drop and forced convection heat transfer of TiO2-water nanofluids laminar flow through a horizontal curvilinear form or wavy duct with using four baffle height ratio h/H=0.15, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45. This flow has been investigated assuming constant wall heat flux boundary condition by using ANSYS-Fluent with the finite volume method to discretize the nanofluids. The study has aimed to show the possibility of intensification of heat transfer by adding nanoparticles to the main coolant. The model employed in this study is a single phase (homogenous and dispersion). The effects of various factors, such as Reynolds number (Re) and nanoparticle concentration (φ), on the flow field and thermal distribution of the Nanofluids, have been analysed. The present results show that nanoparticle concentration and Reynolds number play a prevalent role in the horizontal wavy duct. The Nusselt number has increased by 54 % when using high nanoparticle concentration of (0.4 vol. %) at high Reynolds number of (1250), also the skin friction factor increased by (32%) in the same conditions. The results provide good predictions to enhancement the heat transfer. Predictably, as nanoparticle volume fraction and/or the Reynolds number increases, the heat transfer increases. However, the flow is accompanied by high friction factor and consequently, higher pressure drop.
The reasons and proposed treatments for the housing problem in Iraq
Authors: Jumaah Intissar Kadori , Mesrop Seda Sarkis , Mohammed Thaer Jasim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Iraq suffers from a housing problem, especially if it knows that there is a huge population deficit in Iraq estimated at more than 3 million housing units corresponding to a large variation in housing construction rates. Which led to the aggravation of the housing problem in the country. Therefore, it requires the responsible authorities to accelerate the adoption of a new strategy to solve the housing problem. The principle of establishing low cost residential complexes is based on adopting multi-storey residential buildings of 3 to 4 floors. The characteristic of these buildings in terms of suitable population densities, effective and economical use of the land. Thus, reducing housing costs to meet the large deficit and the growing population demand. For the target year 2040, the expected population of Baghdad will be increasing 11174249 people. So, the estimate of the housing need for the city of Baghdad 2040 need to 1196340 housing units. General, adoption of multi-storey housing (3-4) is the solution to eliminate the housing problem.
Influence of Compaction Method on Rutting Resistance of Hot Mix Asphalt
Authors: Alkawaaz Namir Ahmed , Asmael Noor Moutaz 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe main goal of the present investigation is the comparison between conventional Marshall and Superpave design methods for resistance to rutting if applied in the mix design of the wearing course layers in flexible pavements. Detailed work is completed to accomplish the goals of the study by implementing Marshall and Superpave specimens through utilizing aggregate from AL-Taji Quarry and asphalt cement with (40-50) grade from Dourah refinery plant and one sort of mineral filler. Specimens were fabricated by Marshall and Superpave methods and tested by creep tests to evaluate the strain for these mixes. The effect of compaction method and additives were investigated on the performance of these mixes. From the analysis results, it appears that; the Superpave blends are increasingly practical as compared to those with conventional Marshall blends. In addition, adding carbon fibers and lime to the blends decreases the strain mixture. It is additionally seen that the Superpave Gyratory compactor is equipped for accomplishing lower air void contents than the Marshall hammer. Furthermore, the Superpave mix reflects better resistance against permanent deformation. Finally, the present study recognizes the importance of using the Superpave system for design asphalt mix instead of the Marshall method in Iraq.
Management of Natural Iraqi Water Resources, Aims And Challenges
Authors: Elaiwi Ala H. , Hasan Karima , Al-Hadithi Mufid 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
There are a number of reasons that contributed to the water scarcity problem in Iraq, represented by the water policy by shared countries with Iraq, climate changes in the last few years and the mismanagement of the water resources in Iraq that faces many challenges such as the increased demand on water due to the abnormal growth of population, as well as the high river sediment and neglecting the sanitation systems and mix them with rainwater, in addition to discharge them directly to the rivers which led to rivers pollution and deteriorate their quality. The drought of Mesopotamian Marshes had a significant effect that resulted in environmental changes and increased the impact of desertification. Thus, solving the problem of water is done through the existence of a strong federal government that develops plans which follows a water policy suits the geography of the area and overcome the Iraqi’s riparian states competition
Selection of water harvesting sites in Horan valley
Authors: Ahmed Ali Dahham , Abdulhameed Isam M. , Ghani Emad T. Abdel , Ibrahim Muthanna K. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Geographic techniques were used to select the sites of water harvesting systems within the Horan basin. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and pairwise comparison were used to determine the importance of selected traits for water harvesting (soil texture area, runoff, Land cover,). A total of 96 water harvesting sites were identified, of which 11 were found to be the most important. The results showed that the use of AHP to compare the pairs of traits affecting water harvesting. There are several promising areas for harvesting, totaling 96 sites, distributed between sandy and loamy sand and sandy clay loam. With 11 sites characterized by sandy clay soil and high surface runoff. The site 41 has the highest weight in the selected traits 0.557, while the site 84 was the lowest weight and reached 0.339 in terms of importance. The total area of the 96 study sites reached 35402.48 ha, which constitutes 19.7% of the area of the valley, while the area of the most important sites for harvesting, which amounted to 11 sites (633.49) ha, which constitutes (0.35%) of Total area of the valley and 1.7% of the total area of the water harvesting sites. The volume of water collected at all harvest sites (96 sites) was 20288131.92 m3, 567159.58 m3. The correlation between the different characteristics, the derivation of a mathematical equation that reflects the values of the best sites using a program, and then a map of calculated values, is calculated to determine their suitability in the application.
Groundwater Quality Assessment Using Water Quality Index Technique: A Case Study of Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq.
Authors: Al-Tameemi I. M. , Hasan M. B. , Al-Mussawy H. A. , Al-Madhhachi A. T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe quality of groundwater is a global concern that is usually assessed using quality indices. The Canadian Water Quality Index (CWQI) alongside with Geographical Information system (GIS) were adopted to evaluate the quality of Kirkuk’s groundwater in terms of its suitability for drinking, irrigation, aquatic, recreational purposes, and livestock uses, in 60 wells within the time period of 2017 to 2019. The groundwater quality was assessed depending on Iraq’s and world health organization (WHO) guidelines. The Iraqi standards were used for drinking purposes. The WHO standards were used for irrigation, aquatic, recreational, and livestock purposes. Both standards were incorporated in CWQI Excel Spreadsheet to evaluate the groundwater quality for studied wells. Samples were collected and analyzed for 15 major parameters. According to the CWQI, groundwater samples obtained were classified as marginal in 2017 and 2018; while poor water for drinking was observed in 2019.
Recycling of Agriculture Wastes for Efficient Removal of Methyl Orange Dye Using Batch Adsorption Unit
Authors: Dakhil Ihsan Habib 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to exam the ability of agriculture wastes without pretreatment such as date palm fibers (DPF), sawdust (SD), rice husk (RH) as low-cost adsorbents for removing of methyl orange dye (MO) from industrial wastewater. The operating parameters were designed under isothermal batch conditions to study the influence of pH (2-10), initial concentration of MO dye (100-500) mg/l, adsorbent dose (0.1-1) g/100 ml and contact time (10-150) min. The optimum conditions were pH = 2, the initial concentration of dye = 100 mg/l, the amount of adsorbent dose = 0.6 g/100ml and 120 min contact time. At these conditions, the maximum removal efficiency was 95%, 86% and 77% for DPF, SD, and RH, respectively. There are two advantages to this work, it can remove MO dye from wastewater and disposal of agricultural wastes. The equilibrium results were compared with the most common isotherm adsorption models, Langmuir and Freundlich models, to measure the conformity of results obtained. It was fitted with the two models with a high correlation coefficient (R2) for all adsorbents.