bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vancomycin, linezolid and daptomycin susceptibility pattern among clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from Sub- Himalyan Center
Authors: Husain Afzal , Rawat Vinita , Kumar Mukesh , Verma Pankaj Kumar ,   Umesh
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The efficacy of vancomycin, drug of choice for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), has become questionable due to the emergence of MRSA isolates with reduced susceptibility. The present study was conducted to determine the vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin susceptibility pattern in clinical isolates of MRSA and to observe minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) creep over 2 years if any.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: MIC of vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin were determined by E-test in 198 MRSA isolates and their MIC 50, MIC 90, and geometric mean MIC were calculated.
RESULTS: While all isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin, MIC 90 of vancomycin increased from 1.5 µg/ml in 2015 to 2 µg/ml in 2016. The percentage of isolates with vancomycin MIC >2 µg/ml doubled in 2016 (12.9%) as compared to 2015 (6.1%). MIC 90 for linezolid remained steady as 3 µg/ml, but geometric mean MIC increased from 2.20 µg/ml in 2015 to 2.29 µg/ml in 2016, and more than 40% isolates showed MIC 3 µg/ml. MIC 90 and geometric mean MIC of daptomycin decreased from 0.75 µg/ml to 0.5 µg/ml and 0.50 µg/ml to 0.36 µg/ml in 2015 and 2016, respectively.
CONCLUSION: MIC creep was observed with vancomycin. Although linezolid MIC was within the susceptible zone, more than 40% strains showing MIC 3 µg/ml may herald the future development of either resistant or heteroresistant. Daptomycin showed good sensitivity against MRSA isolates. Therefore, it could be considered as an alternative agent for the treatment of infections caused by MRSA. However, it should be reserved where this class has a clear therapeutic advantage over other anti-MRSA drugs.
A comprehensive assessment of tropical stratospheric upwelling in the specified dynamics Community Earth System Model 1.2.2 – Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (CESM (WACCM))
Authors: Davis Nicholas A. , Davis Sean M. , Portmann Robert W. , Ray Eric , Rosenlof Karen H. , Yu Pengfei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Specified dynamics (SD) schemes relax the circulation in climate models toward a reference meteorology to simulate historical variability. These
simulations are widely used to isolate the dynamical contributions to variability and trends in trace gas species. However, it is not clear if
trends in the stratospheric overturning circulation are properly reproduced by SD schemes. This study assesses numerous SD schemes and modeling
choices in the Community Earth System Model (CESM) Whole Atmosphere Chemistry Climate Model (WACCM) to determine a set of best practices for
reproducing interannual variability and trends in tropical stratospheric upwelling estimated by reanalyses. Nudging toward the reanalysis
meteorology as is typically done in SD simulations does not accurately reproduce lower-stratospheric upwelling trends present in the underlying
reanalysis. In contrast, nudging to anomalies from the climatological winds or anomalies from the zonal-mean winds and temperatures better
reproduces trends in lower-stratospheric upwelling, possibly because these schemes do not disrupt WACCM's climatology. None of the schemes
substantially alter the structure of upwelling trends – instead, they make the trends more or less AMIP-like. An SD scheme's performance in
simulating the acceleration of the shallow branch of the mean meridional circulation from 1980 to 2017 hinges on its ability to simulate the downward
shift of subtropical lower-stratospheric wave momentum forcing. Key to this is not nudging the zonal-mean temperature field. Gravity wave
momentum forcing, which drives a substantial fraction of the upwelling in WACCM, cannot be constrained by nudging and presents an upper limit on the
performance of these schemes.
Duidelijke taal: wat heb je eraan?
Authors: Cramwinckel T.A. 
Published: February 2020

Duidelijke taal: wat heb je eraan? Over in voorlichting ‘vertaalde’ (belasting)wetgeving
Bij voorlichting aan burgers ‘vertaalt’ de Belastingdienst complexe belastingwetgeving naar begrijpelijke teksten voor burgers. Deze bijdrage behandelt een aantal praktische en fundamentele vragen die zich voordoen bij deze vertaalslag, zoals: wat is de juridische status van voorlichting? Welke ‘ingrepen’ zijn nodig in de vertaling? Is begrijpelijke taal alleen maar ‘goed’, of zijn er ook nadelen? Kunnen burgers rechten ontlenen aan ‘vertaalde’ belastingwetgeving? En wat betekent dat voor de belastingwetgever? Duidelijk wordt dat begrijpelijke taal nodig is, maar dat het juristen ook voor praktische en fundamentele vraagstukken stelt, waarbij burgers niet uit het oog mogen worden verloren.
Homo renovatur de die in diem: Transforming Selves and Communities
Authors: Engh Line Cecilie , Eriksen Stefka G. , Steen Francis F. 
Published: February 2020

"This special issue of Acta ad archaeologiam et artium historiam pertinentia (from now on Acta) interrogates religious practices of reading, writing, praying and engaging with texts, images, architecture, music, and ritual spaces in late antique Rome and medieval Europe. More specifically, it aims to analyze and deepen our understanding of how liturgy and religious practice modeled and modified selves and communities, how they shaped and transformed identities and built communities - both individual and collective, religious and lay".

On cover:Monks singing the Office and decorated initial A[sperges me.]. Gradual Olivetan Master (Use of the Olivetan Benedictines), illuminated manuscript on parchment ca. 1430-1439. Italy, Monastero di Santa Maria di Baggio near Milan, Ca 1400-1775.Beinecke Ms1184: The olivetan Gradual. Gradual. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
Ocorrência de plantas tóxicas em escolas do município de Timbiras/MA, Brasil
Authors: Barroso Ednilson Barros , Silva Eduardo Oliveira , Olanda Rayane Frazão 
Published: February 2020

As plantas são fundamentais para a manutenção da vida, pois nos fornecem oxigênio, alimentos e contribuem para a produção de fármacos. Algumas plantas são consideradas tóxicas e podem causar envenenamentos em seres humanos e animais. Essas plantas possuem substâncias químicas que podem causar intoxicações quando ingeridas ou em contato com partes do animal. A maioria dos casos de intoxicação são acidentais e outros acontecem quando o indivíduo ingere continuada e propositalmente certas espécies vegetais. Tendo em vista que as crianças são as principais vítimas de acidentes por plantas tóxicas e que essas plantas podem ser encontradas em ambientes públicos como praças e ambientes escolares, esta pesquisa objetivou inventariar a ocorrência de plantas tóxicas em 17 escolas do município de Timbiras, MA, Brasil e investigar o conhecimento da comunidade escolar. A pesquisa se deu por meio da coleta de informações sobre as espécies e da aplicação de questionários. Foi constatado a presença de plantas tóxicas em 70% das escolas, apresentando, portanto, riscos de acidente por plantas. Foram levantadas 16 espécies de plantas tóxicas distribuídas em nove famílias. As espécies mais ocorrentes foram Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (pinhão-roxo), Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent. (tinhorão), Catharanthus roseus (L.) (vinca), Dieffenbachia seguine (Jacq) Schott. (comigo-ninguém-pode), e Ricinus communis (L.) (mamona) e as famílias botânicas mais frequentes foram Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae e Araceae. Esses resultados reforçam a necessidade de difundir o conhecimento sobre plantas tóxicas dentro dos espaços escolares, afim de evitar possíveis acidentes envolvendo crianças e esses vegetais.
Qualité du travail et de l’emploi et nature de la mobilité professionnelle : quels liens en France entre 2006 et 2010 à partir de l’enquête Santé et itinéraire professionnel ?
Authors: Signoretto Camille 
Published: February 2020

À partir de l’enquête Santé et itinéraire professionnel (SIP) retraçant la trajectoire de salariés français entre 2006 et 2010, cet article étudie les liens entre la qualité des conditions de travail et d’emploi, et la forme prise par la mobilité professionnelle : volontaire, subie ou négociée. D’un côté, les enquêtes sur les conditions de travail en France montrent que l’intensité du travail demeure à un niveau élevé, le travail répétitif augmente et l’autonomie des salariés diminue; et, de l’autre, les succès de la rupture conventionnelle — modalité de rupture négociée du contrat à durée indéterminée, introduite en 2008 —, et des plans de départs volontaires dans des entreprises en difficultés économiques, interrogent dans un contexte économique peu favorable ces dernières années. L’un des facteurs pouvant conduire un salarié à décider ou accepter de quitter son emploi peut alors renvoyer à la manière dont s’est déroulée cette relation d’emploi, et, en premier lieu, au niveau de qualité de ses conditions de travail.
Pour tester cette hypothèse, l’article propose, à l’aide de modélisations logistiques multinomiales, d’estimer les corrélations statistiques entre plusieurs indicateurs de conditions de travail et caractéristiques de l’emploi, et cinq types de mobilité (fin de contrat, licenciement, démission, rupture conventionnelle, autres).
Les résultats montrent une corrélation positive entre des conditions de travail difficiles et des départs négociés via la rupture conventionnelle, ainsi que subis via des licenciements et fins de contrat. Par ailleurs, de faibles salaires ou un temps partiel sont des caractéristiques de l’emploi reliées positivement avec les mobilités volontaires. Cela mène à trois conclusions : 1- la rupture conventionnelle constituerait une voie supplémentaire de sortie pour des salariés mécontents de leurs conditions de travail; 2- des conditions d’emplois peu favorables inciteraient les salariés à démissionner; et enfin, 3- certaines entreprises pratiqueraient des modes de gestion de la main-d’oeuvre peu soucieuses de la fidélisation des salariés, associant précarité du travail et précarité de l’emploi via les mobilités et non seulement le type d’emploi.
Des obstacles à la construction de l’identité professionnelle des sexologues
Authors: Després Lyanna , Bergeron Manon 
Published: February 2020

Le contexte de la sexologie est unique au Québec, notamment en raison de la formation, du contexte de pratique, de même que de la récente réglementation. La création de l’Ordre professionnel des sexologues du Québec en 2013 marque un moment décisif pour la reconnaissance de la profession de sexologue. Bien que certains chercheurs se soient intéressés à cette profession au Québec et ailleurs, aucune étude ne semble avoir exploré de manière précise la question de l’identité professionnelle des sexologues. Pourtant, certaines études indiquent que la construction de leur identité professionnelle poserait certaines difficultés.
Cette recherche exploratoire vise à répondre à la question suivante : Quels sont les obstacles à la construction de l’identité professionnelle des sexologues? Cette recherche se base principalement sur le modèle de la socialisation professionnelle de Dubar (2010) et a été effectuée par l’entremise de 25 entrevues individuelles auprès de diplômés du baccalauréat en sexologie, détenant ou non d’autres diplômes.
Les résultats indiquent que le principal obstacle à la construction de l’identité professionnelle réside dans le fait que l’identité collective demeure toujours en cours de définition en raison du caractère récent de la profession et de la réglementation, de même qu’à cause de la diversité du champ de pratique. Les résultats de l’étude procurent une meilleure compréhension des processus contribuant à la construction de l’identité professionnelle des sexologues : ils peuvent fournir des éléments de réflexion tant au milieu académique qu’à ceux de la pratique.
Politiques publiques et intimité face à la maladie grave
Authors: Papadaniel Yannis , Berthod Marc-Antoine 
Published: February 2020

Ce texte traite de l’emprise que peuvent avoir — ou non — les politiques publiques sur l’engagement des proches auprès de membres de la famille gravement malades, tout particulièrement les conjoints. Lors d’une enquête anthropologique menée en Suisse romande (francophone) entre 2012 et 2016, nous avons cherché à comprendre comment ces derniers parvenaient à articuler travail, famille et accompagnement et, par conséquent, à endosser le rôle de proche aidant promu par les services de santé publique. Sur la base des trente-neuf situations d’aide informelle en fin de vie que nous avons documentées, nous montrons — en nous appuyant concrètement, ici, sur cinq d’entre elles — que les individus situés en première ligne se retrouvent affectés à un espace intime où le partage est parfois difficile, voire impossible. Ce repli dans l’intimité ne participe pas nécessairement à une quelconque construction de soi ni à un renforcement positif des liens affectifs. Il amplifie au contraire les doutes et incertitudes sur l’évolution de la maladie et l’avenir des relations ; ce repli confine les proches aidants dans un espace où les questionnements ne trouvent pas de réponse. Dans cette perspective, les différences de trajectoire et de destin entre le malade et les proches se révèlent dans ce qui peut être partagé et ce qui doit être tu. La sphère intime peut dès lors s’apparenter à une zone d’inconfort susceptible de mettre ces proches en porte-à-faux avec les programmes de politiques publiques qui cherchent à mieux les soutenir et, simultanément, à les mobiliser pour répondre aux défis du vieillissement de la population et à la chronicisation des maladies.
Platelet-Rich Plasma and Epidural Platelet Lysate: Novel Treatment for Lumbar Disk Herniation
Authors: Rawson Benjamin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Lumbar herniated disks present a common cause of significant axial low back and radiating leg pain. This situation poses a risk for potentially permanent neurologic compromise, including numbness, weakness, and bowel and bladder dysfunction. Traditional treatment strategies such as medications, epidural steroids, and surgery all carry potential risk for iatrogenic sequelae. Platelet-rich plasma can be processed to isolate and concentrate the growth factors contained in platelet α granules. This solution is then referred to as platelet lysate. Lumbar injection of platelet-rich plasma along with epidural injection of platelet lysate is a novel therapeutic option that can initiate or expedite the resorption of herniated lumbar disk material, which can facilitate the decompression of the affected spinal structures. This process is thought to occur through a complex interplay of cytokines and growth factors that facilitate neovascularization along with macrophage-induced phagocytosis of the disk material. In the present report, we describe 2 patients with symptomatic herniated disks who were successfully treated with epidural injection of growth factors derived from concentrated platelet lysate.
Real Earnings Management and Dividend Payout among Non-financial Institutions in Nigeria
Authors: Ayunku Peter E. , Timipere Ekokeme, Tamaroukro 
Published: February 2020

Aims: This study seeks to evaluate the consequences of real earnings management and dividend payout among non-financial institutions in Nigeria.
Study Design: The study adopted Descriptive and ex-post facto research design.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Banking and Finance, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The study was carried out between October 2019 and January 2020.
Methodology: To this end, we made use of Descriptive and ex-post research design, secondary data set, collected from thirty five quoted non-financial institutions for the period 2015 and 2018 financial period. The data were analyzed using Descriptive Statistics, Correlation Matrix.
Results: Our findings align with the agency theory which suggests that despite the fact that corporate contracting is primarily designed to align incentives between principals and agents, agency concerns are still created as a result of incompleteness and rigidities in binding of contracts, which lead to manipulation of the reporting process consequently altering shareholders returns in form of dividend payout.
Conclusion: Specifically, we find that real earnings management is been modulated through expenses. The variables of abnormal production and cash flow from operations show no significant effect on dividend payout with respect to the institutions and period under review.
Comparative Assessment of the Efficiency of Rice Husk Biochar and Conventional Water Treatment Method to Remove Chlorpyrifos from Pesticide Polluted Water
Authors: Okoya Aderonke A. , Adegbaju Oyeyemi S. , Akinola Oyindamola E. , Akinyele Abimbola B. , Amuda Omotayo S. 
Published: February 2020

Nigeria is currently the largest rice producing country in Africa. High volumes of waste such as rice husk are inevitable with high production. Also pesticides used to rid of pests, diseases and improve crop yield find their ways into available surface water that serves domestic purpose. This study therefore determined the efficiency of conventional water treatment procedure for pesticide/pesticide residue removal and evaluated the performance of rice husk-based biochar as adsorbent to remove chlorpyrifos from domestic water supply with a view to manage solid waste (rice husk) for treating pesticide polluted water. Batch adsorption studies were carried out to assess the adsorption efficiency of rice husk biochar (RHB) for chlorpyrifos pesticide removal from surface water. Adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, contact time and dosage were optimized during simulation experiment. RHB and commercial activated carbon (CAC) were used for the removal of chlorpyrifos from surface water sample using the optimum condition from the simulation experiment after which the concentrations were determined using Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry detector. Both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were investigated. RHB gave percentage moisture (5.27±0.94), carbon yield (39.44±0.47), ash (41.96±0.96), fixed carbon (35.24±0.55), volatile matter (35.67±1.01 mg/g), Iodine number (85.57±0.81), surface area (97.20 m2/g), pH (7.90±0.14) and Electrical conductivity (298.8±1.14). Of the elements present in the char, Carbon has the highest percentage of 59.14%. Best adsorption conditions for RHB in this study were 2.8 mg/L initial concentration; 0.8 g of adsorbent dosage; pH of 5 and contact time of 30 min. The data fitted Freundlich than Langmuir model (R2 0.996 and 0.8315 respectively). Percentage removal of chlorpyrifos for CAC and RHB was 93.7±3.96 and 94.5±5.23 respectively for the surface water sample. Results concluded that RHB was efficient for removal of chlorpyrifos present in water and could be used as alternative for CAC in water treatments.
Antioxidant and Anti-arthritic Potential of Casuarina equisetifolia Fruit Methanolic Extract
Authors: Vaidya Santosh Kumar , Golwala Dharmesh K. , Shrimanker Mitali V. , Patel Darpini S. , Sahoo Satyajit 
Published: February 2020

Aims: Antioxidant and anti-arthritic potential of Casuarina equisetifolia fruit methanolic extract.
Place: C.U. Shah College of Pharmacy and Research, Wadhwan, Surendranagar, Gujarat, India.
Methodology: Extract was subjected to qualitative and quantitative investigation then antioxidant properties of extract was determine by two method namely Nitric Oxide free radical scavenging activity and Reducing power by FeCl3 method. Based on Phytochemical and antioxidant result anti-arthritic activity was performed on wistar rats using Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) and evaluated different parameter like paw volume, arthritic index, biochemical parameter and hematological parameter.
Results: In this study found that the methanolic extract of Casuarina equisetifolia fruit (MLCEF) contain significant percentage of secondary metabolite like poly phenol that properties was proved antioxidant activity. Antioxidant properties was determined by two methods the MLCEF IC50 Value 30.27±2.43 and 158.45±7.15 was found IC50 value reveled that MLCEF is a potent free radical scavenge capacity. Casuarina equisetifolia fruit (MLCEF) of 400 mg/kg, p.o. showed significant increasement in body wt from day 12th to 21st and significantly reduction in rat paw edema was observed from day 6th to 21st and it could be significantly normalize the haematological (like Hb, WBC and ESR) and biochemical abnormalities (like urea, ALT, AST and ALP) adjuvant induced arthritic rats in both developing and developed phases of CFA induced arthritis.
Conclusion: The study outcome reveled that MLCEF is contain significant amount of polyphenol and that properties exhibit good antioxidant properties and significant antiarthritic properties. The actual mechanism of action of extracts on adjuvant induced arthritis is not clear with these studies. The action of extracts on proinflammatory mediators like TNF-α, Interleukins and other relevant mediators will be carried out in future to study its mechanism.
Influence of Humic Substances on Cucumber Seeds Storability and Root Rot Diseases Incidence under Salinity Conditions
Authors: Awad Ahmed Abd El-Aziz Mahmoud , Ahmed Hoda Mohamed Hussein 
Published: February 2020

Seed germination is a complex process, which is regulated by many factors including storage. The present study aims at assessing the validity of stored cucumber seeds under stressed-soil. In-vitro experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of soaking of stored cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seeds produced during three consequent years (2015, 2016 & 2017) in five concentrations of humic substances (HS'c) solution (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2 & 1.5%) for five different intervals (30, 90, 150, 210 & 270 min), on germination percentage (G%), germination velocity (GV) and vigor index (VI). Another In vitro experiment was conducted to assess the direct effect of HS'c on two nutritional media for Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani mycelial growth, sclerotial productivity & viability, conidia viability. Greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the effect of soaking cucumber seeds in HS'c and spraying with salicylic acid (SA) (100 and 200mg L-1) twice on growth parameters of cucumber seedlings, and controlling the root rot disease caused by R. solani and F. solani under saline conditions (2.36, 4, 5 & 6 dS m-1). The results indicate that T5 (0.3% for 210 min.) for 2015 and 2017 and T4 (0.3% for 150 min.) recorded the highest values for all studied parameters. No morphological changes were observed for the highest pathogenic two fungal isolate's mycelial growth on both fungal strains. R. solani was affected less than F. solani for the presence of different HS'c into nutrient media. 1.5% HS concentration had a reduction effect on the radical growth of fungal isolates, R. solani sclerotial production (30%) and viability (53%) and F. solani conidial viability (58%). Root rot disease was affected differently by seedling treatments of HS'c and/or SA under the four salinity conditions. The combined treatment; soaking seeds in 0.3% HS (for different period/year) and spraying seedlings with 200 SA had significantly reduced the disease incidence (DI) and disease index of both R. solani and F. solani specially in the lowest and highest salinity conditions.