bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of a decision support tool for industrial and agricultural water reuse solutions in international case studies
Authors: Wencki Kristina , Thöne Verena , Becker Dennis , Krömer Kerstin , Sattig Isabelle , Lischeid Gunnar , Zimmermann Martin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Treated wastewater is expected to constitute an essential part of the urban water cycle as an additional water resource in water-scarce or densely populated regions in the future. As decisions on the implementation of water recycling measures should always consider local conditions, the project ‘MULTI-ReUse: Modular treatment and monitoring for wastewater reuse’ has developed a comprehensive sustainability assessment tool, designed to support decision-makers in examining the technical feasibility, economic viability, ecological compatibility and social acceptance of alternative service water supply solutions at local level. This article describes the structure of this sustainability assessment tool and its underlying multi-criteria assessment approach based on 23 evaluation criteria. Already in the development phase, the tool was tested in a German and a Namibian case study. Both case studies are presented with a special focus on the technologies used and the results of the analysis with the sustainability assessment tool. Case study testing proved that the tool is applicable in various environmental and societal settings with widely differing climatic conditions, limited resource availability, for varying feed water qualities and water quality requirements. The comprehensive, straightforward assessment approach enabled the local users to identify the most sustainable supply system or strategy for their decision case.
Impacts of precipitation and topographic conditions on the model simulation in the north of China
Authors: Sun Long , Li Zhijia , Zhang Ke , Jiang Tingting 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe evaluation of hydrological models for a specific catchment is normally based on the model performance according to the selected performance criteria. However, the catchment rainfall-runoff characteristics could be used for the selection of a suitable hydrological model in study area, which, also, for the problem solve of the model application in ungauged basins. In this study, six conceptual models were applied in three semi-humid or semi-arid catchments to investigate the correlation between catchment characteristics and model structure selection. In addition, the impacts of precipitation and topography in model simulation were analyzed. The results show that runoff generation are highly impacted by catchment topographic index and land cover change, and the influence of slope for river channel is greater than mean slope for the whole catchment due to the runoff generation for partial area. For the catchments under similar climate condition, the impact of topographic features for runoff generation process is greater than the difference of precipitation. It indicates that for a specific catchment, the selection of appropriate model should base on better understanding of the rainfall-runoff relationship. The method of incorporating additional runoff generation module in the traditional model can significantly improve the accuracy of flood simulation.
The energy – pressure nexus in the water supply system
Authors: Ćipranić Ivana , Jevrić Marija , Radulović Milan , Sekulić Goran 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Due to the importance of overall sustainable development, efficient energy management should be as significant as water resource management within every water supply system. The pressure reduction, as a measure for loss reduction, not only guarantees less leakage but also minimizes energy consumption. The relationship between energy consumption and pressure in water supply systems has been the subject of many previous studies, mainly based on measurements in real systems. However, a methodology for beforehand assessment of energy savings which occur due to the pressure reduction, has not been proposed yet. The paper proposed a method for the assessment of energy savings in relation to pressure reduction, implemented it on the hypothetical water supply system and verified it on the real system. Results led to the conclusion that the proposed methodology can be considered as a successful tool for better energy and water management. It enables water utility management to estimate energy saving in water supply system in advance, based on the hydraulic model of the system.
Multi-objective optimization of energy and greenhouse gas emissions in water pumping and treatment
Authors: Cardenes Iliana , Siddiqi Afreen , Naeini Mohammad Mortazavi , Hall Jim W. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A large part of operating costs in urban water supply networks is usually due to energy use, mostly in the form of electricity consumption. There is growing pressure to reduce energy use to help save operational costs and reduce carbon emissions. However, in practice, reducing these costs has proved to be challenging because of the complexity of the systems. Indeed, many water utilities have concluded that they cannot practically achieve further energy savings in the operation of their water supply systems. This study shows how a hybrid linear and multi-objective optimization approach can be used to identify key energy consumption elements in a water supply system, and then evaluate the amount of investment needed to achieve significant operational gains at those points in the supply network. In application to the water supply system for the city of London, the method has shown that up to 18% savings in daily energy consumption are achievable. The optimal results are sensitive to discount rate and the financial value placed on greenhouse gas emissions. Valuation of greenhouse gas emissions is necessary to incentivise high levels of energy efficiency. The methodology can be used to inform planning and investment decisions, with specific focus on reducing energy consumption, for existing urban water supply systems.
Pengaruh inkuiri terbimbing terhadap kemampuan mengidentifikasi sumber energi di sekitar manusia dan kemandirian belajar IPA
Authors: Prahenti Dindya Sisca , Rusijono Rusijono , Mariono Andi 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model inkuiri terbimbing terhadap kemandirian belajar siswa dan kemampuan mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber energi yang ada di lingkungan sekitar manusia pada siswa kelas 2 Sekolah Dasar di Sinergia Worldwide Education Surabaya. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 2 SD di Sinergia Worldwide Education Surabaya yang terbagi ke dalam dua kelas, yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok eksperimen. Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian adalah pada bulan Maret hingga April 2020, yaitu pada semester genap. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Mann Whitney U-test dan Wilcoxon Sign-Test. Model Mann Whitney U-test dan Wilcoxon Sign-Test bertujuan untuk membandingkan hasil dari perolehan nilai pretest dan posttest yang didapatkan antar dua kelompok, serta untuk melakukan uji validasi instrumen penelitian yang digunakan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh model inkuiri terbimbing terhadap kemandirian siswa, karena model inkuiri terbimbing lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan kemandirian belajar siswa, serta terdapat pengaruh model inkuiri terbimbing terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber energi yang ada di sekitar manusia, karena dengan menerapkan model inkuiri terbimbing siswa dapat lebih aktif dalam menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan materi.AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the guided inquiry model on student learning independence and the ability to identify energy sources in the environment around humans in grade 2 elementary school students at Sinergia Worldwide Education Surabaya. This study's subjects were students of grade 2 Elementary School at Sinergia Worldwide Education Surabaya, which were divided into two classes, namely the control group and the experimental group. The time of research is from March to April 2020. The research method used is the Mann Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon Sign-Test. The Mann Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon Sign-Test models aim to compare the obtained pretest and post-test scores. The Mann Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon Sign-Test models were also used to test the research instruments' validation. The results of this study indicate that the guided inquiry model has an influence on students' independence because the guided inquiry model is more effective in increasing students' learning independence, and there is an influence of the guided inquiry model on students' ability to identify energy sources around humans, because by applying Guided inquiry model students can be more active in answering material questions.
Characterizing Chronic Pain Episodes in Clinical Text at Two Health Care Systems: Comprehensive Annotation and Corpus Analysis
Authors: Carlson Luke A , Jeffery Molly M , Fu Sunyang , He Huan , McCoy Rozalina G , Wang Yanshan , Hooten William Michael , St Sauver Jennifer , Liu Hongfang , Fan Jungwei 
Published: October 2020

Background
Chronic pain affects more than 20% of adults in the United States and is associated with substantial physical, mental, and social burden. Clinical text contains rich information about chronic pain, but no systematic appraisal has been performed to assess the electronic health record (EHR) narratives for these patients. A formal content analysis of the unstructured EHR data can inform clinical practice and research in chronic pain.

Objective
We characterized individual episodes of chronic pain by annotating and analyzing EHR notes for a stratified cohort of adults with known chronic pain.

Methods
We used the Rochester Epidemiology Project infrastructure to screen all residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, for evidence of chronic pain, between January 1, 2005, and September 30, 2015. Diagnosis codes were used to assemble a cohort of 6586 chronic pain patients; people with cancer were excluded. The records of an age- and sex-stratified random sample of 62 patients from the cohort were annotated using an iteratively developed guideline. The annotated concepts included date, location, severity, causes, effects on quality of life, diagnostic procedures, medications, and other treatment modalities.

Results
A total of 94 chronic pain episodes from 62 distinct patients were identified by reviewing 3272 clinical notes. Documentation was written by clinicians across a wide spectrum of specialties. Most patients (40/62, 65%) had 1 pain episode during the study period. Interannotator agreement ranged from 0.78 to 1.00 across the annotated concepts. Some pain-related concepts (eg, body location) had 100% (94/94) coverage among all the episodes, while others had moderate coverage (eg, effects on quality of life) (55/94, 59%). Back pain and leg pain were the most common types of chronic pain in the annotated cohort. Musculoskeletal issues like arthritis were annotated as the most common causes. Opioids were the most commonly captured medication, while physical and occupational therapies were the most common nonpharmacological treatments.

Conclusions
We systematically annotated chronic pain episodes in clinical text. The rich content analysis results revealed complexity of the chronic pain episodes and of their management, as well as the challenges in extracting pertinent information, even for humans. Despite the pilot study nature of the work, the annotation guideline and corpus should be able to serve as informative references for other institutions with shared interest in chronic pain research using EHRs.
The Use of Virtual Reality Technologies in the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Systematic Review
Authors: Baeza-Barragán Maria Rosa , Labajos Manzanares Maria Teresa , Ruiz Vergara Carmen , Casuso-Holgado María Jesús , Martín-Valero Rocío 
Published: October 2020

Background
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a serious and progressive disease affecting one in 3500-6000 live male births. The use of new virtual reality technologies has revolutionized the world of youth rehabilitation.

Objective
We performed a systematic review to study the effectiveness of the use of virtual reality systems applied in the rehabilitation of the upper limbs of individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Methods
Between June 2018 and September 2019, we carried out a series of searches in 5 scientific databases: (1) PubMed, (2) Web of Science, (3) Scopus, (4) The Cochrane Library, and (5) MEDLINE via EBSCO. Two evaluators independently conducted the searches following the PRISMA recommendations for systematic reviews for articles. Two independent evaluators collated the results. Article quality was determined using the PEDro scale.

Results
A total of 7 clinical trials were included in the final review. These studies used new technologies as tools for physiotherapeutic rehabilitation of the upper limbs of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Collectively, the studies showed improvement in functionality, quality of life, and motivation with the use of virtual reality technologies in the rehabilitation of upper limbs of individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Conclusions
The treatment of neuromuscular diseases has changed in recent years, from palliative symptom management to preventive methods for capacity building. The use of virtual reality is beginning to be necessary in the treatment of progressive diseases involving movement difficulties, as it provides freedom and facilitates the improvement of results in capacity training. Given that new technologies are increasingly accessible, rehabilitation and physiotherapy programs can use these technologies more frequently, and virtual reality environments can be used to improve task performance, which is essential for people with disabilities. Ultimately, virtual reality can be a great tool for physiotherapy and can be used for Duchenne muscular dystrophy rehabilitation programs to improve patient performance during training.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42018102548; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=102548
Economic Value of Data and Analytics for Health Care Providers: Hermeneutic Systematic Literature Review
Authors: von Wedel Philip , Hagist Christian 
Published: October 2020

Background
The benefits of data and analytics for health care systems and single providers is an increasingly investigated field in digital health literature. Electronic health records (EHR), for example, can improve quality of care. Emerging analytics tools based on artificial intelligence show the potential to assist physicians in day-to-day workflows. Yet, single health care providers also need information regarding the economic impact when deciding on potential adoption of these tools.

Objective
This paper examines the question of whether data and analytics provide economic advantages or disadvantages for health care providers. The goal is to provide a comprehensive overview including a variety of technologies beyond computer-based patient records. Ultimately, findings are also intended to determine whether economic barriers for adoption by providers could exist.

Methods
A systematic literature search of the PubMed and Google Scholar online databases was conducted, following the hermeneutic methodology that encourages iterative search and interpretation cycles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to 165 initially identified studies, 50 were included for qualitative synthesis and topic-based clustering.

Results
The review identified 5 major technology categories, namely EHRs (n=30), computerized clinical decision support (n=8), advanced analytics (n=5), business analytics (n=5), and telemedicine (n=2). Overall, 62% (31/50) of the reviewed studies indicated a positive economic impact for providers either via direct cost or revenue effects or via indirect efficiency or productivity improvements. When differentiating between categories, however, an ambiguous picture emerged for EHR, whereas analytics technologies like computerized clinical decision support and advanced analytics predominantly showed economic benefits.

Conclusions
The research question of whether data and analytics create economic benefits for health care providers cannot be answered uniformly. The results indicate ambiguous effects for EHRs, here representing data, and mainly positive effects for the significantly less studied analytics field. The mixed results regarding EHRs can create an economic barrier for adoption by providers. This barrier can translate into a bottleneck to positive economic effects of analytics technologies relying on EHR data. Ultimately, more research on economic effects of technologies other than EHRs is needed to generate a more reliable evidence base.
The Third Attempt. A New Chance for an Idealist Philosophy
Authors: Sztankó Nándor 
Published: October 2020

The message of total non-universality (both sensible content and concept as such are evalued as non-universal) is incompatible with human nature. From this, the exceptional character of my philosophical venture is derived. Essentially, it is a problem of communication. Hence, it is a didactical construction which is central to my paper. The crucial importance of two simple assertions must be emphasized:1) A finite extension is not divisible infinitely (proposed by Berkeley and Hume)2) The line does not consist of points (proposed by Hegel)The above two assertions may be called the hard core of idealist philosophy. Both are instrumental in the conception of original environment. Being tied to the original environment is the outstanding fact that explains why the sensible content should be qualified as non-universal.
Istilah Kekerabatan Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Minangkabau: Analisis Kontrastif dalam Pemelajaran Bahasa
Authors: Zabadi Fairul 
Published: October 2020

Penelitin ini bertujuan untuk menemukan dan mendeskripsikan sistem dan istilah kekerabatan di dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Minangkbau berdasarkan analisis konstraktif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penenltian ini adalah kulaitatif dengan teknik analisis isi. Data penelitian berupa istilah-istilah kekerabatan yang terdapat di dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Minangkabau. Data tersebut bersumber dari sembilan kamus bahasa Indonesia dan kamus Minangkabau serta wawancara langsung atau tidak langsung. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa istilah kekerabatan dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Minangkabu berbeda dalam jumlah, tetapi sama dalam hal hieraki dari atas ke bawah dengan titik acuan EGO. Istilah kekerbatan dalam bahasa Indonesia ada tujuh belas, yaitu anak, cucu, cicit, piut, bapak, ibu, kakek, nenek, moyang, buyut, paman, bibi, kakak, adik, sepupu, anggas. dan kemenakan. Istilah-istilah tersebut memiliki hubungan empat tingkat di atas EGO dan lima tingkat di bawah EGO. Sementara itu, istilah kekerabatan dalam bahasa Minangkabau berjumlah delapan belas, yaitu anak, cucu, cicik, piuk, (b)apak, (a)mak, uwak/uwo, ayek/angku, niniak//inyiak, pak tuo, pak etek, mak tuo, etek (ma)mak tuo, (ma) etek, (ma)maka tunggano, uni, uda, adiak. dan kamanakan. Istilah-istilah tersebut memiliki hubungan lima tingkat di atas EGO dan empat tingkat di bawah EGO.
Knowledge Awareness and Attitude of Women toward Epidural Anesthesia during Labor
Authors: Hejaz Hatem A , Skafe Khulood , Awawdeh Suzan 
Published: October 2020

Background: Epidural analgesia is a central nerve block technique achieved by injection of a local anesthetic close to the nerves that transmit pain, and is widely used as a form of pain relief in labor. However, it is likely that epidural blocks lengthen labor and result in increased rates of operative vaginal delivery. Although, questions have been raised about its side effects.
Objectives: The aims of this research study are; to predict the common use of epidural analgesia in Palestinian women, to assess its effectiveness on pain relief, and to determine its adverse effects. However, the study designed to measure the knowledge awareness, and attitude of Palestinian women toward epidural anesthesia during labor.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire. The study included females (age < 20 - > 40 years old) from all governorates in Palestine. The survey was designed to measure the knowledge awareness and attitude of Palestinian women toward epidural anesthesia during labor. A total of 2685 females participated in the study. SPSS version 22 was used to analyze the data collected.
Results: About 893 women (33%) participated in the research study didn’t use the epidural analgesia and 1792 (67%) women used it, out of 2685 women completed the questionnaire. The research study included Palestinian women in different Governorates in Palestine. 43.2 % (800) of women who participated in this research study mentioned that the epidural injection is painless, 29.3% (543) said that it is painful and others filled it may be painful. In women used epidural injection, the expending of uterus was 1-2 cm in 355 women (20.5%), 2-3 cm in 325 women (18.7%), 3-4 cm in 482 women (27.8 %), 4-5 cm in 355 women (20.5%) and more than 5 cm in 218 women (12.6 %). The percentage of birth pain which anesthetized by epidural analgesia; 621 women (35%) mentioned that the epidural injection anesthetized about 80-100% , 24.5% (434) is 60-80% ,13% (230) is 40-60% , 9.4 (166) is 20-40% and 18.2% (322) is 0-20% .
Comparative Non-Randomised Observational Study of Prasugrel and Ticagrelor in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Keerthana Samala Sai , Shravya Vaddepally , Divya Bandi , Bose Subash Chandra , A. Srinivasa Rao A. Srinivasa Rao 
Published: October 2020

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) is the primary guideline-recommended treatment strategy for patients presenting with CAD, STEMI, NSTEMI, Unstable Angina. It is known that, the use of oral P2Y12 receptor antagonists (Prasugrel and Ticagrelor) in PCI patients could lead to improved outcomes compared with clopidogrel. This study has been designed for review and analysis of clinical safety and outcomes of these agents in patients undergoing PCI. Out of 100 patients (50 in Prasugrel group & 50 in Ticagrelor group) considered for the study, the incidence of stroke, stent thrombosis was comparable between the groups with P =0.044, P =0.041 respectively and was not comparable for MI (P=0.245). Single Death was reported. The results differed significantly for Palpitations/Arrhythmia(P=0.018), SOB(P=0.000), Dizziness(P=0.005), Creatinine levels(P=0.000), Fatigue(P=0.003), Headache(P=0.000) and did not differ significantly for Bleeding and Back pain in both the drug groups with P =1.000, P =0.438 respectively. Also, majority of the patients showed decreased platelet count in both the drug groups. Withdrawal parameters, like withdrawal due to cost(P=0.172) and withdrawal due to fear of side effects(P=1.000) when evaluated for both the drugs showed no significant difference. Outcomes associated with Prasugrel were not superior to outcomes associated with Ticagrelor when 30 days to 6 months follow up was done. The clinical safety, side effects and withdrawal parameters were comparable and the results showed no significant difference between these drug groups. Keywords: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, Ticagrelor, Prasugrel, Dual Anti-Platelet therapy, Acute Coronary Syndrome, Coronary Artery Disease.