bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Manufacturing System in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 from Concept to Industrial World
Authors: Harianton Iwan , Heri Setiawan  , Agus Surjana Saefudin  
Published: December 2020

Pengembangan industri di negara-negara mulai maju menjadi sangat menarik bagi pemanufaktur peralatan orisinil sejak sepuluh tahun terakhir dengan bukti makin kuatnya kehandalan sistem industrial yang dikembangkan oleh negara-negara tersebut secara terpisah. Khususnya, setelah publikasi pemerintah Jerman dengan tajuk Revolusi Industri 4.0 ditandai oleh pabrik pintar, dimana lebih banyak teknologi digital dikreasikan dan diterapkan di pasar. Periode unik ini dikenal sebagai inovasi disruptif dimana generasi sebelum milenial masih pada posisi produktif sementara teknologi digital menggantikan hampir semua alat dari profesional tersebut dengan mengabaikan peralatan praktis yang digunakan selama ini. Oleh karena itu, sementara perubahan sangat cepat berjalan terus menerus, sebagian besar aspek produktif dari komunitas menyambut positif kepada generasi mudanya dengan memberikan arena produktifnya melalui pergantian kepemimpinan unggulnya secara damai. Dunia manufaktur sebagai salah satu arena yang sangat jelas terlihat merespon inovasi disrupsi dengan memetakan persyaratan sistem dengan mentransformasikan perusahaan tradisional menjadi perusahaan manufaktur kelas dunia. Proses transformasi cepat di dunia manufaktur dilakukan pada pemasok dari hampir semua pemanufaktur peralatan orisinil dengan menstrukturkan level pembangunan sistem manufakturnya dan meningkatkan peralatan produksi dengan teknologi digital dan juga mempertahankan indikator kinerja utamanya sebagai pemasok handal. Rekaman perjalanan perbaikan tersebut diteliti dan dibuat tersedia ke publik melalui agen pemerintah lokal sehingga perusahaan menengah dapat memenuhi permintaan persyaratan pemasufaktur peralatan orisinil. Metodologi pengembangan sistem manufaktur di uraikan dalam tulisan ini termasuk benefit bagi kebanyakan perusahaan yang sedang mengejar posisi pesaing kelas dunia.
The dual-field-of-view polarization lidar technique: a new concept in monitoring aerosol effects in liquid-water clouds – case studies
Authors: Jimenez Cristofer , Ansmann Albert , Engelmann Ronny , Donovan David , Malinka Aleksey , Seifert Patric , Wiesen Robert , Radenz Martin , Yin Zhenping , Bühl Johannes , Schmidt Jörg , Barja Boris , Wandinger Ulla 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. In a companion article (Jimenez et al., 2020), we introduced a new lidar method to derive microphysical properties of liquid-water clouds (cloud extinction coefficient, droplet effective radius, liquid-water content, cloud droplet number concentration Nd) at a height of 50–100 m above the cloud base together with aerosol information (aerosol extinction coefficients, cloud condensation nuclei concentration NCCN) below the cloud layer so that detailed studies of the influence of given aerosol conditions on the evolution of liquid-water cloud layers with high temporal resolution solely based on lidar observations have become possible now. The novel cloud retrieval technique makes use of lidar observations of the volume linear depolarization ratio at two different receiver field of views (FOVs). In this article, Part 2, the new dual-FOV polarization lidar technique is applied to cloud measurements in pristine marine conditions at Punta Arenas in southern Chile. A multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar, upgraded by integrating a second polarization-sensitive channel to permit depolarization ratio observations at two FOVs, was used for these measurements at the southernmost tip of South America. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the potential of the new lidar technique. Successful aerosol–cloud-interaction (ACI) studies based on measurements with the upgraded aerosol–cloud lidar in combination with a Doppler lidar of the vertical wind component could be carried out with 1 min temporal resolution at these pristine conditions. In a stratocumulus layer at the top of the convective boundary layer, we found values of Nd and NCCN (for 0.2 % water supersaturation) ranging from 15–100 and 75–200 cm−3, respectively, during updraft periods.
The studies of the aerosol impact on cloud properties yielded ACI values close to 1. The impact of aerosol water uptake on the ACI studies was analyzed with the result that the highest ACI values were obtained when considering aerosol proxies (light-extinction coefficient αpar or NCCN) measured at heights about 500 m below the cloud base (and thus for dry aerosol conditions).
What controls the coarse sediment yield to a Mediterranean delta? The case of the Llobregat River (NE Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Martín-Vide Juan P. , Prats-Puntí Arnau , Ferrer-Boix Carles 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The human pressure upon an alluvial river in the
Mediterranean region has changed its riverine and deltaic landscapes. The
river has been channelized in the last 70 years while the delta has been
retreating for more than a century (a set of data unknown, so far). The
paper concentrates on the fluvial component, trying to connect it to the
delta evolution. Is the channelization responsible for the delta retreat? We
develop a method to compute the actual bed load transport with real
information of the past river morphology. The paper compares the computation
with very limited measurements, among which are bulk volumes of trapped material
at a modern, deep river mouth. The decrease in sediment availability in the
last 30 km of the channelized river is deemed responsible for the decrease
in the sediment yield to the delta. Moreover, power development and flood
frequency should be responsible for a baseline delta retreat during the 20th century. The sediment trapping efficiency of dams is less important than the
flow regulation by dams, in the annual sediment yield. Therefore, it is more effective to dismantle channelization than to pass sediment at dams, to provide sand to the beaches.
User Preferences for Privacy Protection Methods in Mobile Health Apps: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Zhou Leming , Parmanto Bambang 
Published: December 2020

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) apps have the potential to facilitate convenient health care delivery and self-management of health. However, many users have concerns about their privacy when they use mHealth apps. Different apps provide different solutions for protecting users’ privacy. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine user preferences among the several privacy protection methods used in current mHealth apps and the reasons behind their preferences. Methods: Five privacy protection methods currently used in mHealth apps were presented to a group of study participants who had mild or moderate depression and expressed concerns about privacy of information when they used mental health apps. After a demonstration of the methods, study participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire and indicate their perceived privacy protection level (PPPL) of each method, their preference rating for each method, and the privacy protection methods they had used in the past. A brief interview was then conducted to collect study participants’ comments on these methods and elicit the reasons for their preference ratings. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the statistical significance of differences in participants’ preference ratings and in the PPPLs obtained for the five methods. Study participants’ comments on the privacy protection methods and suggestions were noted and summarized. Results: Forty (40) study participants were selected from a large candidate pool using the IRB approved selection criteria. All study participants viewed the app demonstration and understood the five privacy protection methods properly, which was indicated by their correct sorting of the PPPL of the five methods in their answers to the questionnaire. All study participants specified their preferences with respect to these methods and provided the rationale behind their selections on the questionnaire and during the brief interview. The results indicate that the users preferred privacy protection methods with customizable modules in multi-purpose apps because of their convenience and strong privacy protection, where the customization can be done either in the app or via a Web portal. Conclusions: This study identified user preferred privacy protection methods. These identified privacy protection methods may be used in many types of apps that perform sensitive health information management to better protect users’ privacy and encourage more users to adopt these mHealth apps.
Caregiver Satisfaction with a Video Telehealth Home Safety Evaluation for Dementia
Authors: Gately Megan E. , Tickle-Degnen Linda , Trudeau Scott A. , Ward Nathan , Ladin Keren , Moo Lauren R. 
Published: December 2020

Family caregivers are vital to telehealth-delivered dementia care. The objective of this mixed methods descriptive study conducted in the VA Bedford Healthcare System was to examine caregiver satisfaction with a video telehealth dementia home safety occupational therapy evaluation. Ten caregivers of Veterans with dementia participated. Ratings of caregiver satisfaction, measured by nine Likert scale items including ability to see and hear, were examined in relation to person and visit-related contextual factors extracted from RA field notes, to develop an in-depth understanding of caregiver experience. Person factors included caregiver age and gender and Veteran cognitive status. Visit-related contextual factors included occurrence of technical glitches. Caregiver visit satisfaction was overall positive, with exceptions related to technological glitches and the presence of the person with dementia during the visit. Veteran cognitive status appeared to influence caregiver satisfaction. Implications of the study are that proactively addressing technical glitches and incorporating dementia stage-specific approaches may optimize caregivers’ telehealth experience.
A Comparison of Undergraduate Students’ Perception of Tutorials Before and During the COVID-19: A Case of the University of Kwazulu-Natal in the Discipline of Public Governance
Authors: Nyawo Jabulani 
Published: December 2020

Enhancing students’ learning experience through support structures such as tutorial sessions is essential. Students attending the tutorial sessions within the Discipline of Public Governance have never been given the opportunity to provide feedback on the sessions they have attended. They only get a chance to evaluate their lecturers using closed and open-ended questions to capture their learning experiences about modules’ structure, content, delivery and assessments. This implied a need to explore the students’ perceptions about the tutorial sessions during the normal conditions and under severe conditions like this of COVID-19. The quantitative approach was utilised and the data was collected through the distribution of questionnaires to the undergraduate students. The participants attended tutorials within the Discipline of Public Governance during the first semester of the year 2020. The study findings indicated that tutorial sessions occupy a critical role in students' development and learning. It is the platform for the students to easily interact with other students, discuss issues, and improve their performance. The study recommends that higher education institutions invest in the tutorial structure as one of the student support systems as it produces positive results in enhancing student learning. Redefining and reviewing the tutorial support structure is always crucial to improve the tutorial sessions' quality.
Highlights vreemdelingenbewaring
Authors: Waasdorp Jim 
Published: December 2020

Highlights vreemdelingenbewaring
This article focuses on some key features of immigration detention. It contains information about the Return Directive, the Reception Directive and the Dublin Regulation. By doing so, this article aimes at providing an overview of immigration detention in a European law perspective. Furthermore, it adresses some recent developments in Dutch case law.
mE=rR2
Authors: Klijn Albert 
Published: December 2020

Two birds with one stone?
In this contribution, the authors enter into a debate on the innovation The Netherlands Council for the Judiciary made quite recently, promoting social effective justice (maatschappelijk effectieve rechtspraak;to English readers more familiar under the label of ‘Problem solving courts’).Klijn has quite serious doubts about this strategy. First of all: the judge is not - and never has been - a problem solver, as (a) the judge lacks the competences to do so and (b) the structure of legal procedure falls fundamentally short of this task. Secondly, in our contemporary society other professionals are in charge of intervening in social conflicts, and they are much better positioned to do so, at the appropriate moment in time. Thirdly, in making this choice the Council misunderstands its role as the Third State Power, vis-a-vis the much greater influence of changing societal conditions stimulating societal changes.
Herstelrecht op het terrein van verkeersongevallen.
Authors: Becx Iris 
Published: December 2020

Restorative justice after motor vehicle accidents
Those involved in a motor vehicle accident often have emotional needs that are not being met within the current framework of personal injury settlement. These needs include sharing one’s (side of the) story, getting in touch with the other person(s) involved and offering or receiving apologies. Following Nils Christie’s theory of ‘stolen’ conflicts, the fact that the people involved are often represented by lawyers or insurance companies is problematic because it alienates them from each other and it thwarts proper recovery. Incorporating restorative justice could offer a solution to this ‘theft’ of conflict, as it focuses on bringing all involved together to restore any of the harm done by concentrating on their needs. The central question to this dissertation is: how can restorative justice play a role in the sustainable resolution of conflicts after motor vehicle accidents so that the current insurance and liability system can better meet the immaterial needs of victims and perpetrators? Via several projects, the role of lawyers and insurance companies is studied. How beneficial or adversarial are their influences on victims and offenders? And can they incorporate restorative justice in their practice? The first publication is expected at the end of this year.
‘Let op! Hier wordt gehandhaafd’
Authors: Hertogh Marc 
Published: December 2020

Four decades of socio-legal research on regulatory enforcement in the Netherlands
Because of the sharp contrast between the law-in-the-books and the law-in-action regulatory enforcement has always been a popular subject in socio-legal research. This paper looks back at forty years of Dutch research on regulatory enforcement, using several key publications in this journal from each decade. First, it is argued that these Dutch studies reveal three general themes: this research can be seen as a time machine that takes us back to some of the most important social and political events of the past decades, these studies emphasize the crucial role of individual enforcement officials, and in everyday enforcement state law only plays a limited role. Next, this review also discusses some of the strengths and weaknesses of Dutch research. Most studies on regulatory enforcement are more interested in the role of the state than in the role of citizens and businesses. As a result, research focuses more on issues of effectiveness and less on questions of legitimacy. Finally, empirical research is seen as more important than theory development. Based on this overview, the author introduces a new research agenda for future research on regulatory enforcement.
‘Access to Justice’ en rechtshulpverlening.
Authors: Van Houtte Jean , Hubeau Bernard 
Published: December 2020

Access to Justice and legal aid. About the evolution of the socio-legal approach of access to justice and legal aid in the low countries
This contribution puts the developments of the socio-legal approach of access to justice and legal aid in the low countries (Belgium and the Netherlands) in a broad perspective. During the last 40 years, the journal has dealt with some general problems, related to the accessibility of justice and legal aid and the effects of legislation in that field. Some important differences between het Belgian and the Dutch situation are highlighted. Although the general situation has not changed dramatically in both countries, some improvements have been achieved, e.g. when it comes to the so called “social legal aid”. Still, a better and more equal access to justice has to be promoted and realised.
Rechtstoepassing in andere continenten
Authors: Schreiner Agnes 
Published: December 2020

Law practices in other continents
From day one of the journal Recht der Werkelijkheid (Journal of Living Law) the Legal Anthropology was welcomed. What once started as the jurisprudential study on Folk Law on the one hand and the cultural anthropological study of law on the other hand, evolved into an intensive collaboration among the researchers. Even more intensive under the subject Legal Pluralism. The legal anthropological studies extended over the years to subjects closer to the First World legal practices, i.e. the studies of social groups like the one on migrants. Under the concept of semi autonomous social fields many contributions on cultural versus legal norms were published. Later on, the legal anthropological expertise that sustained the comparative studies for international and supranational law was welcomed. The article thus shows that the journal provided room for the socio legal studies of law practices in other continents, expanded to those of other continents in the home continent as well as to those in all continents.
Sustainable Tax Policy Through the Lens of Intergenerational Justice
Authors: Buchanan Neil 
Published: December 2020

Professor Lind’s summary of the papers in this issue ably captures the range of topics addressed by the scholars who gathered for our conference at the University of Gävle last year. More importantly, she points out how well the various articles translate into the era of COVID-19. Even though no one could possibly have imagined the changes that we have experienced just since February of 2020, the issues of inequality, environmental degradation, international tax coordination, gender-and race-based unfairness, and so on have become even more important as the world explores how to move forward from this global tragedy.
One of my long-term research projects has involved exploring the obligations between generations, in particular the “downward” obligations from older generations to younger generations that determine whether new members of society will thrive in the future.1 It is a source of inspiration but also some frustration that nearly every policy issue can be viewed from an intergenerational perspective—inspiration because it reminds us that all policy decisions have effects (direct and indirect) that carry into the future, but frustration because merely “having an impact in the future” does not necessarily make a policy question ripe for an intergenerational analysis and is thus too broad.
Capital, an Elusive Tax Object and Impediment to Sustainable Taxation
Authors: Ordower Henry 
Published: December 2020

Sustainable taxation requires stability and predictability. Sustainable taxation is a tax or taxes that collect sufficient revenue to support the governmental goods and services the society needs and wants. The taxes must provide for: 1) even-handedness—something akin to horizontal equity; 2) distributional fairness—aconcept emerging from notions of vertical equity; 3) transparency in application so that the populace understands and accepts the tax and the need for it; and 4) collection mechanisms that do not favor some societal groups, especially those with resources to secure creative tax advisors, over others who lack the resources. Narrow base taxes—fuel, alcohol, tobacco—cannot meet these criteria and the broad base taxes currently applicable—value added, payroll, and income—alsofail to meet one or more of the criteria. While specialized taxes like environmental taxes and sin taxes—alcohol, tobacco—serve useful regulatory functions and may achieve their behavioral objectives in part, they do so primarily by increasing the cost of engaging in the undesirable behavior and pricing some actors out of the activity. Using a pricing rather than a direct regulatory mechanism, the specialized taxes change the conversation from social rejection of the behavior to acceptance as long as the actor is willing and able to pay the high price. Is it all right to pollute if one pays to do so? Direct regulation might prove less regressive and less likely to be viewed as simply a matter of price and more as a matter of societal mainstream and commitment to addressing a problem.
To secure sustainable taxation this Article recommends a non-preferential income tax on a comprehensive income tax base. While by no means a new idea, the growing resource disparity between affluent individuals and individuals with limited resources renders the idea of a non-preferential income tax on all income including realized and unrealized gains all the more compelling. This Article outlines a method for transition to the recommended tax base from the current realization-based tax base and suggests that in limited cases a taxpayer might defer payment of tax on some items of income but not defer inclusion of the items in the tax base. As it describes its tax plan, this Article reflects on the objectives and shortcomings of the targeted taxes and purposive tax base modifications that have proliferated during the 20th century. This Article concludes that a non-comprehensive tax base may accomplish narrow objectives successfully but is unlikely to become functionally sustainable to support essential governmental goods and services. Neither are targeted taxes and purposive tax base modifications fully justifiable. They are likely to distribute tax burdens unevenly among taxpayers without any compelling reason for preferring some taxpayers to others. The narrowness of the base of such taxes frequently leads to regressive tax incidence.