bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PREDICTORS OF HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND RECOVERY AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH SERIOUS MENTAL ILLNESS
Authors: Muralidharan Anjana , Brown Clayton H , Goldberg Richard W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Older adults with serious mental illness (i.e., schizophrenia spectrum disorders and affective psychoses) exhibit marked impairments across medical, cognitive, and psychiatric domains. The present study examined predictors of health-related quality-of-life and mental health recovery in this population. Participants (N=211) were ages 50 and older with a chart diagnosis of serious mental illness and a co-occurring medical condition, engaged in outpatient mental health services at a study site. Participants completed a battery of assessments including subtests from the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), the 24-Item Behavior and Symptom Identification Scale (BASIS-24), the 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), and the Maryland Assessment of Recovery Scale (MARS). Multiple linear regression analyses, with age, race, gender, and BMI as covariates, examined number of current medical conditions, RBANS, and BASIS as predictors of quality-of-life and recovery. Significant predictors of physical health-related quality-of-life (R-squared=.298, F(9,182)=8.57, p&lt;.0001) were number of medical conditions (β=-1.70, p&lt;.0001), BASIS-Depression/Functioning (β=-4.84, p&lt;.0001), and BASIS-Psychosis (β=2.39, p&lt;.0008). Significant predictors of mental health-related quality-of-life (R-squared=.575, F(9,182)=27.37, p&lt;.0001) were RBANS (β=0.03, p=.05), BASIS-Depression/Functioning (β=-6.49, p&lt;.0001), BASIS-Relationships (β=-3.17, p&lt;.0001), and BASIS-Psychosis (β=-1.30, p=.03). Significant predictors of MARS (R-squared=.434, F(9,183)=15.56, p&lt;.0001) were BASIS-Depression/Functioning (β=-4.68, p=.002) and BASIS-Relationships (β=-9.44, p&lt;.0001). To promote holistic recovery among older adults with serious mental illness, integrated interventions are required. For example, to improve physical health-related quality-of-life, one should target depression and psychotic symptoms as well as medical illness burden. To improve mental health-related quality-of-life, depression symptoms and interpersonal functioning may be key targets, as well as neurocognitive function.
DISPARITIES IN DEPRESSION AMONG CHINESE OLDER ADULTS WITH NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES
Authors: Hao Zhichao , Li qingyi , Ruggiano Nicole 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Depression is a major health issue among older adults, and it exerts negative impacts on them physically and mentally. In turn, various factors facilitate or impede the occurrence of depression, socially, economically and culturally. At the same time, neurodegenerative diseases have become a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. In China, the incidence rate of Parkinson’s disease among older adults aged 65 and older is 1.7%, which means 100,000 new cases occur each year, more than 2.5 million in total. Meanwhile, 3.21% of incidence rate, more than 8 million older adults aged 65 and older with Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementia (AD/RD) makes China become the largest and fastest-growing area of AD/RD in the world. Around 2050, Chinese older adults with AD/RD will exceed 20 million. However, little is known about the extent that to which older adults with Parkinson’s or AD/RD in China will suffer from depression. This study was conducted on the latest wave (2011-2014) of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS, 1998-2014). The sample included 334 Chinese older adults aged 65 and older with neurodegenerative diseases (Parkinson’s or AD/RD). A univariate and binomial hierarchical logistic regression were performed. Result showed that 13.5% (n = 45) participants reported depression. Several covariates were significantly correlated with the occurrence of depression, including: co-residence of interviewee, activity level, level of chronic diseases, self-reported health status and Instrumental Activity of Daily Life. Implications for research, policy, and practice are discussed.
AGE-RELATED ELEVATED CD4+ T HELPER 17 CELL RESPONSE PROMOTES PROSTATE CANCER CELL GROWTH, MIGRATION, AND INVASION
Authors: Zhang Qiuyang , Liu Sen , Zhang Bing , Norton Elizabeth , Jazwinski S Michal , Sartor Oliver , Steele Chad , Abdel-Mageed Asim B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Age is the most important risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa). But, how age contributes to PCa remains unknown. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) -producing CD4+ T helper 17 (Th17) cells play a critical role in inflammatory diseases. It is often elevated in aging humans and mice, however, whether aging affects Th17 cell function and subsequent PCa risk increase is unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of CD4+ T cells in PCa cell growth during the aging process. Splenic T cells were isolated and purified into CD4+CD25- T cells from young and old mice, then cultured in the presence of plate-bound anti-CD3/anti-CD28. Four days later, the cells were re-stimulated with PMA and ionomycin in the presence of brefeldin A for 4 hours and then were collected and used for flow cytometry and/or qPCR. The supernatant (conditioned media) from young and old cultures was collected and used in subsequent experiments. Flow and qPCR results showed that 17-producing T cells and associated cytokines were significantly increased in old mice compared to young mice. When PCa cell lines (LNCaP, DU-145, and PC3) were treated by the conditioned media for 48 and 72 hours. The cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as the activation of NF-B signaling in PCa cells, were significantly increased after exposure to the conditioned media from aged mice, compared to that from young mice. These results indicated that age-related CD4+ Th17 cell responses are elevated in mice in the aging process and play an important role in PCa growth.
SEPARATED KIN: RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION AND MENTAL HEALTH TRAJECTORIES OF OLDER ADULTS LEFT BEHIND IN RURAL CHINA
Authors: Lin Zhiyong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As the processes of urbanization and globalization have intensified across the world, a burgeoning literature has documented the impact of emigration on the health of family members left behind in emigrant communities. Although the association between children’s migration and parental well-being is well documented, few have examined the health implications of children’s migration in the milieu of multiple children and further differentiated between children’s short-term and long-term migration. Therefore, I argue that it is not the geographic locality of a single child but the composition of all children’s location that matters. I further suggest that the impact of children’s migration on parental wellbeing is conditioned on the duration of children’s migration. Using a six waves longitudinal data (2001-2015) collected in rural China, this paper compares mental health (measured as depressive symptoms) trajectories of old adults (aged 60 and older) across different compositions of local and migrant children over a 14-year span. Results from growth curve models show that parents having more migrant children relative to local children experience a more rapid increase in depressive symptoms. In addition, older adults who have their most children migrate away for three or more waves of data have experienced the steepest rate of increase in depressive symptoms. These findings provide new evidence to support the life course processes of mental health disparities among older adults from the perspective of intergenerational proximity.
RELATIONSHIP OF DEMENTIA AND MEDICAID ELIGIBILITY WITH FACILITY ADMISSIONS IN MEDICARE HOME HEALTH PATIENTS
Authors: Wang Jinjiao , Caprio Thomas V , Temkin-Greener Helena , Cai Xueya , Shang jingjing , Li Yue 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study was a secondary analysis of the Outcome and Assessment Information Set (OASIS) and administrative billing records of 6,153 adults ≥ 65 years old who received home health (HH) from a not-for-profit HH agency in upstate New York between 01/01/2017 and 12/31/2017. We examined the relationships of dementia and Medicare-Medicaid dual eligibility with unplanned institutional admission (i.e. to hospital, nursing home, or inpatient rehabilitation facility) among these HH recipients. Dementia was identified by ICD-10 codes and OASIS items (M1700, M1710, M1740). We also used OASIS record to identify dual eligible status (M0150) and unplanned facility admission (M2410 [occurrence], M0906 [date], M2430 [reason]). Time-to-facility admission was defined as the number of days from HH start date to the facility admission date. The rate of having an unplanned facility admission was 14.2% among Medicare-only patients without dementia, 15.8% among dual eligible patients without dementia, 16.7% among Medicare-only patients with dementia, and 39.3% among dual eligible patients with dementia (p&lt;0.001). In the multivariable Cox proportional hazard model of time-to-facility admission adjusting for patient covariates, dually eligible patients with dementia were more than twice as likely as Medicare-only patients without dementia to have an unplanned facility admission (Hazard Ratio=2.35, p=0.006). This is the first study that identified synergistic effects of having both dementia and Medicare-Medicaid dual eligibility on increasing the risk of healthcare facility admission in the Medicare HH population in the United States. Policies should ensure that appropriate and sufficient HH services be provided for dually eligible patients with dementia.
DEMENTIA IMMERSION SIMULATION EXPERIENCE (DISE): ELICITING EMPATHY, IMPROVING COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN DEMENTIA
Authors: Zaragoza Gabriela , Cruz-Martinez Jaime , Reilly Paula , Ross Jeanette , Mader Michael J , Arevalo-Flechas Lyda C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Dementia awareness training alone does not improve care or outcomes for patients living with dementia. Effective dementia education programs for family caregivers and healthcare providers can lead to improved care practices and patient outcomes. The Dementia Immersion Simulation Experience (DISE) is a face-to-face 2-hour educational program that includes simulation, videos, a virtual reality station, group debriefing, and a didactic session delivered by faculty with dementia caregiving expertise. The purpose of this project was to evaluate the effectiveness of DISE in a group of 48 interdisciplinary healthcare providers, trainees and administrative staff. A program evaluation and pre and post knowledge questionnaires were administered. Prior to the activity, the mean score of all participants was 8.85. After the activity, the mean score was 10.1 (p&lt;0.0001). 35.4% of all participants were well informed on dementia before DISE and 70.8% were well informed after the activity (p &lt;0.0005). Qualitative analysis of the comments section of the program evaluation showed that 95% of the participants mentioned empathy for those living with dementia. Participants rated DISE on a scale of 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree) across ten categories, covering objectives, relevance, effectiveness, and value of the learning experience. Over 95% of respondents agreed or better (score = 4 or 5) with each evaluation statement and at least 85% strongly agreed with each statement. The evaluation scores are further evidence of an effective program. DISE is an effective tool to teach and support family caregivers, healthcare workers, and healthcare professionals and trainees.
FAMILY CONFLICT: A WELL KEPT SECRET IN LATINO DEMENTIA CAREGIVING
Authors: Zaragoza Gabriela , Arevalo-Flechas Lyda C , Flores Bertha E , Lesser Janna 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The number of Latino older adults living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) could increase more than six-fold, from fewer than 200,000 in 2004 to more than 1.3 million by 2050 . One-third of Hispanic households report having at least one family caregiver (36%). 63% of Latino family caregivers are in high burden situations compared to 51% of non-Latino caregivers. Although in recent years research with Latino caregivers has increased, studies examining the family as a unit in a culture in which familismo is a central value, remain limited. The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of Latino families caring for loved ones living with ADRD along the illness trajectory. Group interviews were conducted with families caring for individuals in different stages of dementia. Interviews were conducted in English or Spanish, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed in the source language by bilingual investigators. In contrast to the numerous positive aspects of caregiving reported by individual Latino caregivers in previous studies, preliminary analysis of family group interviews revealed predominantly negative perceptions of the family caregiving experience. Families reported conflict between family members, feelings of resentment, lack of family member involvement, and uneven distribution of caregiving duties. The complex nature of fulfilling family duties as dictated by familismo appears to have idealistic and realistic consequences for families. Further exploration of Latino family dynamics in the context of dementia caregiving is needed.
METABOLOMICS IN MEN WITH DISTINCT INFLAMMATION TRAJECTORIES FOLLOWING HIP FRACTURE REVEAL RESPONSE MECHANISMS
Authors: Salimi Shabnam , Ryan Alice , Orwig Denise , Gruber-Baldini Ann , Guralnik Jack , Magaziner Jay S , Hochberg March 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Following hip fracture, men exhibit different trajectories of inflammation: high (HiInf) vs. low (LoInf). The purpose of this analyses was to compare metabolomics Between these groups. Methods: Seven men with HiInf and 7 with LoInf were randomly selected to quantify serum metabolites at baseline, 2, and 6 months following hip fracture in Baltimore Hip Study-7. We performed analysis of variance and mixed effects models. A p &lt;0.05 was considered significant. Results: At baseline, men with HiInf had higher oxidative stress, lipid-related inflammatory markers, and antioxidant compounds compared to LoInf group. These markers were reduced in both groups at follow-up, consistent with reduced stress. However, the attenuation level was significantly different between the two groups. Kynurenate, that indicates activation of the immune system, was higher in HiInf group and remained elevated over 6 months follow-up. Polyamines with antioxidant activity and boosting autophagy activities were declined more significantly in the LoInf group presumably indicating more response to bodily anti-oxidant activity compared to the HiInf group. Arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoids, mediators of the immune response, were significantly elevated at baseline in the LoInf while oxidative stress markers were increased more in HiInf group. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), the essential amino acids abundant in muscle, were elevated at baseline in the LoInf compared to HiInf group. Conclusion: Both groups showed an increase in anti-oxidative stress while LoInf group showed more reduction in oxidative stress and immune cell activity. Reduced intermediate compounds of BCCA suggest that their catabolism was attenuated following hip fracture in LoInf.
PARENTING ALL OVER AGAIN : HISPANIC “ABUELITAS” RAISING GRANDCHILDREN IN THE CONTEXT OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE DISORDERS
Authors: Flores Bertha E , Arevalo-Flechas Lyda C , Martinez Martha 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Around 7 million grandparents in the U.S live with grandchildren under 18 and 39% have primary caregiving responsibilities. In Texas, more than 313,499 children under age 18 live with a grandparent who is responsible for them. Hispanic grandparents are disproportionately more likely to care for grandchildren compared to non-Hispanic whites. In San Antonio, Texas, 36.6 % of grandparents are the primary caregivers for their grandchildren. Parental substance abuse disorders have been identified as one of the causes prompting child removal from parental custody. To understand the experience of custodial Hispanic grandmothers raising their grandchildren, three focus groups were conducted in English and Spanish by three bilingual investigators. Twenty-three grandmothers, mean age 60, caring for an average of 3.2 children, 2 months to 17 years of age participated in the focus groups. The narratives were transcribed and analyzed in the source language. The following overarching themes were identified: Family is family, parenting all over again, this is a struggle but a blessing, what did I do wrong? , fear of losing the children to foster care, I do not trust anybody with my children, financial and legal challenges, role captivity, aging as a limitation, and hope for the future. The findings from the study contribute to the body of knowledge necessary to foster urgent policy changes aimed at supporting these grandparents who feel unjustly treated by human services agencies and the legal system. Programs to support custodial Hispanic grandmothers need to be linguistically congruent and culturally competent.
AUTOMATED MEASUREMENT OF MUSCLE DENSITY ON COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) PREDICTS ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Lenchik Leon , Barnard Ryan , Boutin Robert D , Kritchevsky Stephen B , Weaver Ashley A , Hsu Fang-Chi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose was to examine the association of paraspinous muscle density (CT surrogate of myosteatosis) with all-cause mortality in 6803 men and 4558 women, age 60-69 years (mean age 63.6) in the National Lung Screening Trial. Our fully-automated machine learning algorithm: 1) selected the appropriate CT series, 2) chose a single CT image at the level of T12 vertebra, 3) segmented the left paraspinous muscle, and 4) recorded the muscle density in Hounsfield Units (HU). Association between baseline muscle density and all-cause mortality was determined using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for age, race, body mass index, pack years of smoking, and presence of diabetes, lung disease, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at enrollment. After a mean 6.44 ± 1.06 years of follow-up, 635 (9.33%) men and 265 (5.81%) women died. In men, lower muscle density on baseline CT examinations was associated with increased all-cause mortality (HR per SD = 0.90; CI = 0.83, 0.99; p=0.03). Each standard deviation (7.8 HU) decrease in muscle density was associated with a 10% increase in mortality. In women, the association did not reach significance.
NATURALISTIC DRIVING BEHAVIOR AS A NEUROBEHAVIORAL MARKER OF PRECLINICAL ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Babulal Ganesh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Decline in driving skills begins in preclinical AD, when an older adult remains cognitively normal, but the underlying disease process has begun. Preclinical AD is detectable among cognitively normal individuals using molecular biomarkers: positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The aim of this prospective, longitudinal study is to determine whether naturalistic driving behavior using in-vehicle dataloggers can distinguish older adults with (n=36) and without preclinical AD (n=134). Driving data was calculated as mean/month for several variables (number of trips/day, trip length, trip time, speeding, and hard-braking) for participants followed between one to 46 months. Using stepwise logistic regression, the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) and 95% confidence interval for these five variables was 0.73 (0.63-0.79) in distinguishing those with and without preclinical AD via amyloid imaging. When age, gender, race, and education were added, the model improved: 0.80 (0.72-0.88). Finally, when apolipoprotein ε4 allele (APOε4), obtained via blood or saliva, was added to the model, accuracy improved: 0.84 (0.77-0.89). Similar results were found using CSF biomarker tau/Aβ42: AUCs (95% CI) were 0.68 (0.58-0.79) for driving variables alone, 0.77 (0.69-0.86) for driving variables and demographics, and 0.87 (0.80-0.94) driving variables, demographics, and apolipoprotein ε4 allele. These promising findings suggest that naturalistic driving behavior can predict those with and without preclinical AD. The AUC is further improved with demographics and APOε4, an easily obtainable genetic biomarker. This model may be used in clinical/research settings as a screen or adjunct for diagnostics and prognostics purposes.
INFLUENCE OF DEPRESSION, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND MEANING IN LIFE ON SUICIDAL IDEATION OF OLD ADULTS HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Sim Hyebeen , Shin Jinhee 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose: This study is to identify how depression, social support and meaning in life influence to suicidal ideation of home based Korean old adult renal dialysis patients and the relating factors according to their general characteristics. Methods: This descriptive correlative study was conducted through a organized and structured self-administrated questionnaire and 120 sampled home based old adult renal dialysis patients. Collected data was analyzed by t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: Findings revealed that; 1) The degrees of suicidal ideation were significantly different among groups according to the marital status, drinking and smoking history. 2) Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed a significant association among the suicidal ideation, depression, social support and meaning in life. 3) Multiple regression analysis showed depression, social support and meaning in life were related to factors. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, health professionals should provide home based Korean old adult renal dialysis patients with proper management of suicidal ideation as well as its relating factors, depression, social support and meaning in life. Especially, it needs to implement suicidal ideation management and self-help group program to home based old adult renal dialysis patients.
SOCIAL NETWORK INFLUENCES ON SENSE OF CONTROL AND ATTRIBUTED DIGNITY IN OLDER AGE: RESEARCH RESULTS
Authors: LeBlanc Raeann G , Jacelon Cynthia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the functions of individual social networks, defined here as social support, and the outcomes of sense of control and attributed dignity among a sample of older people living with multiple chronic conditions. This study integrated an explanatory sequential (Quan/Qual) mixed methods design. Descriptive statistics were used to describe social networks. Bivariate correlations and regression statistics were used to examine the relationships of social network support (MOS-Social Support Scale) with the dependent variables of sense of control (Wallhagen Revised PCQ Questionnaire) and attributed dignity (Jacelon Attributed Dignity Scale). Open-ended interviews and thematic analysis were used to expand understanding of the quantitative findings. A cross-sectional sample of eighty-nine community dwelling older people living with multiple chronic health conditions participated. Social support, as a function of one’s social network, predicted the outcome of sense of control (β = .33, p ≤ .01) and attributed dignity (β = .44, p ≤ .001). Correlation statistics and regression models substantiated positive relationships of social supports’ influence on perceived sense of control and attributed dignity. Thematic analysis, based on open-ended interviews (n=12), expanded on the nuances of social influences on sense of control and attributed dignity in managing chronic health conditions through the themes “learning to ask for help”, “only a phone call away” and “smaller circles”. This research proposes new ways of understanding the relationships between perceptions of social support, sense of control and attributed dignity in later life in managing health.