bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metformin plus megestrol acetate compared with megestrol acetate alone as fertility‐sparing treatment in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia and well‐differentiated endometrial cancer: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yang B‐Y , Gulinazi Y , Du Y , Ning C‐C , Cheng Y‐L , Shan W‐W , Luo X‐Z , Zhang H‐W , Zhu Q , Ma F‐H , Liu J , Sun L , Yu M , Guan J , Chen X‐J 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of metformin in megestrol acetate (MA)‐based fertility‐sparing treatment for patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia (AEH) and endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC).DesignA randomised, single‐centre, open‐label, controlled trial conducted between October 2013 and December 2017.SettingShanghai OBGYN Hospital of Fudan University, China.PopulationA total of 150 patients (18–45 years old) with primary AEH or well‐differentiated EEC were randomised into an MA group (n = 74) and an MA plus metformin group (n = 76).MethodsPatients with AEH or EEC were firstly stratified, then randomised to receive MA (160 mg orally, daily) or MA (160 mg orally, daily) plus metformin (500 mg orally, three times a day).Main outcomes and measuresThe primary efficacy parameter was the cumulate complete response (CR) rate within 16 weeks of treatment (16w‐CR rate); the secondary efficacy parameters were 30w‐CR rate and adverse events.ResultsThe 16w‐CR rate was higher in the metformin plus MA group than in the MA‐only group (34.3 versus 20.7%, odds ratio [OR] 2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89–4.51, P = 0.09) but the difference was more significant in 102 AEH patients (39.6 versus 20.4%, OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.06–6.21, P = 0.04). This effect of metformin was also significant in non‐obese (51.4 versus 24.3%, OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.22–8.84, P = 0.02) and insulin‐sensitive (54.8 versus 28.6%, OR 3.04, 95% CI 1.03–8.97, P = 0.04) subgroups of AEH women. No significant result was found in secondary endpoints.ConclusionAs a fertility‐sparing treatment, metformin plus MA was associated with a higher early CR rate compared with MA alone in AEH patients.Tweetable abstractFor AEH patients, metformin plus MA might be a better fertility‐sparing treatment to achieve a higher early CR rate compared with MA alone.
Artifacts Caused by Leaf‐Cutting Ants of the Genus Atta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Postmortem Bite Injuries and the Tearing of Clothes
Authors: de Souza Alexandre Ariel da Fonseca , de Rosa Cássio Thyone Almeida , Arantes Luciano Chaves , Pujol‐Luz José Roberto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAnts are one of the first insects to find an exposed cadaver and can be present during all stages of decomposition. Although these organisms are not commonly used in postmortem interval estimates, they are to be taken into account on criminal investigations involving human corpses, since they can leave bite marks that can be mistaken for antemortem or perimortem injuries, which could be misleading when ascertaining the occurrence of abuse or physical altercation during a crime. A few studies report the action of ants on human cadavers and even though leaf‐cutting ants of the genus Atta are frequently encountered in succession studies that use animal carcasses, there are no records of these fungus‐growing species on human corpses. Atta is a genus restricted to the New World, ranging from northern Argentina to southern United States and acts as one of the most conspicuous neotropical herbivores. In this study, we report three cases of violent death that illustrate the impact of ants, especially those of the genus Atta, in a forensic setting. We compare the patterns displayed by postmortem bite injuries caused by leaf‐cutter ants and other common species with less robust mandibles. We also present the capability of Atta ants to create artifacts by cutting victim’s clothes in a crime scene, contributing to the knowledge of ant‐mediated confounding factors in crime scene investigation.
Criminal Recidivism After Forensic Psychiatric Treatment. A Multicenter Study on the Role of Pretreatment, Treatment‐Related, and Follow‐Up Variables
Authors: Probst Thomas , Bezzel Adelheid , Hochstadt Michaela , Pieh Christoph , Mache Wolfgang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study examined associations between criminal recidivism after discharge from forensic treatment and variables related to either the time before the current forensic treatment, or the current forensic treatment, or the follow‐up after discharge. Participants were treated in 12 forensic clinics according to section 63 of the German penal code. A patient was classified as a criminal recidivist when the patient or the aftercare reported that the patient was delinquent at follow‐up. Patients without criminal recidivism were patients for which both perspectives (patient and aftercare) reported no delinquency at follow‐up. Mann–Whitney U‐tests and Fisher's exact tests were performed. Data to classify patients were available for N = 249 patients. Fifteen patients (6%) were classified as criminal recidivists. The follow‐up was M = 12.58 (SD = 1.84) months, and the criminal acts occurred M = 6.00 (SD = 5.55) months after discharge. Differences between patients with and without criminal recidivism were found in pretreatment (young age at first crime, early onset of mental disorder, previous forensic treatments), treatment‐related (disorder due to psychoactive substance use, gradual release abuses, outbreaks, assaults against staff, criminal act during treatment, type of discharge, outcome ratings), as well as follow‐up variables (no specified housing situation, not being abstinent from psychoactive substances, inpatient readmission, course of outpatient treatment, course of mental disorder) (all p < 0.05). To conclude, it is important to consider variables related to the time before the current treatment, treatment‐related variables, and variables related to the follow‐up to identify the patients at risk of criminal recidivism after discharge from forensic treatment.
Clinician‐led design for optimising flow: Seizing the opportunity for a new‐build Australian Emergency Department
Authors: Keogh Sean 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA new ED build creates a unique opportunity to improve the way we provide clinical care. Often, the focus is primarily on increasing clinical cubicle numbers but this may have a negligible, or even negative impact on care delivery. Instead, Australian EDs should examine the entire patient journey to inform design, reviewing outdated triage and registration models and maximising physical capacity by introducing advanced split‐flow models that optimise clinical space and provide high‐risk patients faster access to clinical care. Efficient ED patient flow is critical for success and is closely linked with departmental design, but too often this design process is delegated to architects with limited knowledge of ED function and with limited input from emergency clinicians. This relationship between clinicians and architects should remain collaborative but requires re‐alignment. Independent, expert ED‐specific designers can empower and provide valuable support for clinician‐led design teams in their interactions with architects.
Volatile composition of prickly pear fruit pulp from six Spanish cultivars
Authors: Andreu‐Coll Lucía , Noguera‐Artiaga Luis , Carbonell‐Barrachina Ángel A. , Legua Pilar , Hernández Francisca 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis research analyzed the volatile composition of the fruits pulp of six prickly pear cultivars (NT, NE, NO, NA, FR, and ORI) growing in Spain, by headspace solid‐phase microextraction and gas chromatography (GC‐MS and GC‐FID). A total of 35 compounds were isolated, identified, and quantified, with aldehydes, alcohols, and terpenes being the predominant chemical families, and esters, ketones, linear hydrocarbons, and terpenoids being also found. Nonanol, 2,6‐nonadienal, 1‐hexanol, 2‐hexenal, and D‐limonene were the predominant compounds. NT and FR cultivars showed the highest concentration of total volatile compounds. On the other hand, NE and NO cultivars presented the lowest concentration. Future studies on sensory evaluation are required to determine the sensory quality of the fruits of these Spanish cultivars.
Three‐Dimensional Structural Modelling and Source Rock Evaluation of the Quseir Formation in the Komombo Basin, Egypt
Authors: ALI Moamen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Quseir Formation consists mainly of dark gray mudstones with a high organic matter content and excellent hydrocarbon‐generating potential. The main objectives of this study are to highlight the dominant structural elements in the Komombo Basin, Egypt, and evaluate the geochemical characteristics of the Quseir Formation. Depth maps and a 3D structural model indicate two normal fault trends NW–SE and ENE–WSW. The NW–SE trend is the dominant one that created the primary half‐graben system. The depth to the top of the Quseir Formation gradually decreases from the eastern and central parts towards the corners of the basin. The thickness of the Quseir Formation ranges from about 300 to 1000 ft. The 3D facies model shows that the shale has a large probability distribution in the study area, compared with the sandstone and siltstone. The source rock potential varies between good in the western part to very good in the eastern part of the basin. The organic‐rich interval is dominated by gas‐prone kerogen type III based on TOC and Rock‐Eval. The pyrolysis data vitrinite reflectance (%Ro) (0.5–0.74%) and Tmax values (406–454C°) suggest a maturity level that ranges from immature to early maturity stage for hydrocarbon generation.
Dynamics of genomic architecture during composite breed development in cattle
Authors: Paim T. do P. , Hay E. H. A. , Wilson C. , Thomas M. G. , Kuehn L. A. , Paiva S. R. , McManus C. , Blackburn H. D. 
Published: January 2020

SummarySome livestock breeds face the challenge of reduced genetic variation, increased inbreeding depression owing to genetic drift and selection. Hybridization can reverse these processes and increase levels of productivity and adaptation to various environmental stressors. Samples from American Brangus were used to evaluate the indicine/taurine composition through nine generations (~45 years) after the hybridization process was completed. The purpose was to determine how hybridization alters allelic combinations of a breed over time when genetic factors such as selection and drift are operating. Furthermore, we explored genomic regions with deviations from the expected composition from the progenitor breeds and related these regions to traits under selection. The Brangus composition deviated from the theoretical expectation, defined by the breed association, of 62.5% taurine, showing taurine composition to be 70.4 ± 0.6%. Taurine and indicine proportion were not consistent across chromosomes. Furthermore, these non‐uniform areas were found to be associated with traits that were probably under selection such as intermuscular fat and average daily gain. Interestingly, the sex chromosomes were predominantly taurine, which could be due to the composite being formed particularly in the final cross that resulted in progeny designated as purebred Brangus. This work demonstrated the process of new breed formation on a genomic level. It suggests that factors like genetic drift, selection and complementarity shift the genetic architecture into a uniquely different population. These findings are important to better understand how hybridization and crossbreeding systems shape the genetic architecture of composite populations.
Assessing patients decision‐making capacity in the hospital setting: A literature review
Authors: John Shibu , Rowley Joanne , Bartlett Kerry 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveDecision‐making capacity assessments for hospital settings are challenging as it is dominated by the ethical and legal principles of maintaining autonomy and protection. Health clinicians, especially in rural areas, are challenged with a lack of a standardised processes and pathways for decision‐making capacity assessment. A literature review was conducted to determine what measurement tools clinicians are utilising in the hospital setting for decision‐making capacity assessment and how decisions relating to consent to treatment, independent living and finances are made.DesignLiterature review.MethodA search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases from January 2006 to April 2019 was conducted for peer‐reviewed articles to determine how decision‐making capacity assessments are conducted and the tools clinicians are utilising in the hospital setting.ResultsFive main themes were identified from this review: (a) domains of capacity; (b) capacity assessment; (c) capacity assessment instruments; (d) who performs capacity assessment; and (e) challenges and limitations to capacity assessment in the hospital setting. Currently, there is no gold standard for capacity assessment.ConclusionThis review shows that there is currently a lack of a uniform approach or a singular test to determine capacity. It is proposed that a multidisciplinary approach to decision‐making capacity assessment could be an effective model in the hospital setting, especially in rural health due to limited access to aged care specialists. It is important that clinicians receive ongoing training in decision‐making capacity assessment and further research is recommended in this specialised area of practice.
Liposomal simvastatin sensitizes C26 murine colon carcinoma to the antitumor effects of liposomal 5‐fluorouracil in vivo
Authors: Luput Lavinia , Sesarman Alina , Porfire Alina , Achim Marcela , Muntean Dana , Casian Tibor , Patras Laura , Rauca Valentin Florian , Drotar Denise Minerva , Stejerean Ioana , Tomuta Ioan , Vlase Laurian , Dragos Nicolae , Toma Vlad Alexandru , Licarete Emilia , Banciu Manuela 
Published: January 2020

Abstract5‐Fluorouracil‐based therapy remains the main approach in colorectal cancer, even though there are still some drawbacks, such as chemoresistance. In this study we combined 5‐fluorouracil encapsulated in long‐circulating liposomes with simvastatin, also encapsulated in long‐circulating liposomes, that was previously proved to exert antitumor actions on the same tumor model. The production of angiogenic/inflammatory proteins was assessed by protein array and the production of markers for tumor aggressiveness (Bcl‐2, Bax, and nuclear factor [NF]‐κB) were determined by western blot analysis. Intratumor oxidative stress was evaluated through measurement of malondialdehyde level by HPLC, and through spectrophotometric analysis of catalytic activity of catalase and of total antioxidant capacity. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumors for CD31 expression was assessed. Intratumor activity of MMP‐2 by gelatin zymography was also carried out. Our results revealed that combined therapies based on liposomal formulations exerted enhanced antitumor activities compared with combined treatment with free drugs. Sequential treatment with liposomal simvastatin and liposomal 5‐fluorouracil showed the strongest antitumor activity in C26 colon carcinoma in vivo, mainly through inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Important markers for cancer progression (Bcl‐2, Bax, NF‐κB, and intratumor antioxidants) showed that liposomal simvastatin might sensitize C26 cells to liposomal 5‐fluorouracil treatment in both regimens tested. The outcome of simultaneous treatment with liposomal formulations was superior to sequential treatment with both liposomal types as the invasive capacity of C26 tumors was strongly increased after the latest treatment. The antitumor efficacy of combined therapy in C26 colon carcinoma might be linked to the restorative effects on proteins balance involved in tumor angiogenesis.
Children’s Home Numeracy Environment Predicts Growth of their Early Mathematical Skills in Kindergarten
Authors: Susperreguy María Inés , Di Lonardo Burr Sabrina , Xu Chang , Douglas Heather , LeFevre Jo‐Anne 
Published: January 2020

This study investigated the longitudinal associations between children’s early mathematics and their home numeracy environment (HNE). Chilean children from families who varied widely in socioeconomic status were assessed at the beginning and end of prekindergarten in 2016 (N = 419, Mage = 4:7 [years:months]), and at the end of kindergarten in 2017 (N = 368, Mage = 5:10). Children whose parents provided frequent operational numeracy activities (e.g., learning simple sums) at prekindergarten showed better arithmetic performance and growth in nonsymbolic and symbolic number comparison at the end of kindergarten. Parents’ knowledge of number‐related games predicted children’s arithmetic skills and growth in nonsymbolic number comparison. These findings underscore the persistent relations between the HNE and the development of children’s mathematical skills.
Suicidal behaviour in transition‐aged youth with out‐of‐home care experience: Reviewing risk, assessment, and intervention
Authors: Katz Colleen C. , Busby Danielle , McCabe Chelsey 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe rates of suicidal behaviours in youth with out‐of‐home care experience, particularly those who are on the verge of emancipation, appear to be alarmingly high. The purpose of the current study is to highlight the rates of suicidal ideation and behaviour in these youth, illuminating the empirical risk factors that may increase their vulnerability. We offer a review of screening measures and suicide interventions that may hold promise for administrators, practitioners, and researchers who wish to provide comprehensive assessment for transition‐aged youth with out‐of‐home care experiences and effectively treat those who may be at the highest risk.
Jumonji domain‐containing protein 6 protein and its role in cancer
Authors: Yang Jing , Chen Siyuan , Yang Yanfei , Ma Xuelei , Shao Bin , Yang Shengyong , Wei Yuquan , Wei Xiawei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe jumonji domain‐containing protein 6 (JMJD6) is a Fe(II)‐ and 2‐oxoglutarate (2OG)‐dependent oxygenase that catalyses lysine hydroxylation and arginine demethylation of histone and non‐histone peptides. Recently, the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of JMJD6 has also been reported. The JMJD6 has been implicated in embryonic development, cellular proliferation and migration, self‐tolerance induction in the thymus, and adipocyte differentiation. Not surprisingly, abnormal expression of JMJD6 may contribute to the development of many diseases, such as neuropathic pain, foot‐and‐mouth disease, gestational diabetes mellitus, hepatitis C and various types of cancer. In the present review, we summarized the structure and functions of JMJD6, with particular emphasis on the role of JMJD6 in cancer progression.
Global research priorities for youth mental health
Authors: Mei Cristina , Fitzsimons Joanna , Allen Nicholas , Alvarez‐Jimenez Mario , Amminger Günter Paul , Browne Vivienne , Cannon Mary , Davis Maryann , Dooley Barbara , Hickie Ian B. , Iyer Srividya , Killackey Eóin , Malla Ashok , Manion Ian , Mathias Steve , Pennell Kerryn , Purcell Rosemary , Rickwood Debra , Singh Swaran P. , Wood Stephen J. , Yung Alison , McGorry Patrick D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimOver the past two decades, the youth mental health field has expanded and advanced considerably. Yet, mental disorders continue to disproportionately affect adolescents and young adults. Their prevalence and associated morbidity and mortality in young people have not substantially reduced, with high levels of unmet need and poor access to evidence‐based treatments even in high‐income countries. Despite the potential return on investment, youth mental disorders receive insufficient funding. Motivated by these continual disparities, we propose a strategic agenda for youth mental health research.MethodYouth mental health experts and funders convened to develop youth mental health research priorities, via thematic roundtable discussions, that address critical evidence‐based gaps.ResultsTwenty‐one global youth mental health research priorities were developed, including population health, neuroscience, clinical staging, novel interventions, technology, socio‐cultural factors, service delivery, translation and implementation.ConclusionsThese priorities will focus attention on, and provide a basis for, a systematic and collaborative strategy to globally improve youth mental health outcomes.
Serological hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity in patients with HBV infection and B‐cell non‐Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Zhou Xiang , Wuchter Patrick , Egerer Gerlinde , Kriegsmann Mark , Kommoss Felix K. F. , Witzens‐Harig Mathias , Kriegsmann Katharina 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrevious epidemiological studies suggest an association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (B‐NHL). The aim of our study was to evaluate clinical characteristics and serological indicators of HBV activity in patients who were diagnosed with both HBV infection and indolent or aggressive B‐NHL.MethodsSeventy‐two patients with current or resolved HBV infection and B‐NHL were identified between 2000 and 2017 at our institution.ResultsForty‐five (63%) and 27 (37%) patients were identified with aggressive and indolent B‐NHL, respectively. In indolent B‐NHL, the proportion of HBsAg‐positive patients was significantly higher compared with aggressive B‐NHL (59% vs 38%, P = .03). HBV‐DNA levels were significantly higher in patients with indolent compared to aggressive B‐NHL (P = .01). In the subgroup analyzes of follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the rate of HBsAg positivity in FL is significantly higher than that in DLBCL (83% vs 44%, P = .04), and HBV‐DNA levels were significantly higher in FL compared with DLBCL (P = .007).ConclusionOur results suggest that serological HBV activity is higher in patients with both HBV infection and indolent B‐NHL compared to those with aggressive B‐NHL.
Designing Proportional Integral Controller for a Solar Powered DC‐DC Converter Using PIPSO Algorithm and Deep Learning approach in Intelligent Bio‐Medical Applications
Authors: Rajarajacholan S. , Moses M. Balasingh , Barsanabanu J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNumerous engineering complexities are simplified using optimization algorithms. In a solar power system, the necessity of the voltage regulator is obvious. To control the regulator existent research works used PI, PID controllers that might have an unwanted transient response. To overcome such drawbacks here, a fresh scheme is proposed for the designing of the adaptive sliding mode (SM) controller of a solar powered LUO converter using optimization algorithms. The PSO (‘Particle Swarm Optimization') is proved to expedite the convergence characteristic for many applications. Here, an ameliorated PSO version is developed. This algorithm is termed the Parameter Improved‐PSO (PIPSO) algorithm. In this algorithm, the parameters, say, inertia weight, social along with cognitive agents is updated in every generation. The Proportional Integrator (PI) controller is used. The gain of this controller is tuned using the PIPSO. This algorithm's objective function is to lessen ISE (‘Integral Squared Error’) of the converter's output voltage. This parameter is picked as the objective function of the optimization algorithm. The proposed PIPSO is established to show better outcomes when contrasted to the traditional PSO concerning tuning a collection of parameters. An analysis is also made to evaluate the effect of usage of the solar panel () in the proposed work.