bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to home-based videogame treatment for amblyopia in children and adults
Authors: Gao Tina Y. , Black Joanna M. , Babu Raiju J. , Bobier William R. , Chakraborty Arijit , Dai Shuan , Guo Cindy X. , Hess Robert F. , Jenkins Michelle , Jiang Yannan , Kearns Lisa S. , Kowal Lionel , Lam Carly S. Y. , Pang Peter C. K. , Parag Varsha , Pieri Roberto , Raveendren Rajkumar Nallour , South Jayshree , Staffieri Sandra Elfride , Wadham Angela , Walker Natalie , Thompson Benjamin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveHome-based videogame treatments are increasingly being used for various sensory conditions, including amblyopia (“lazy eye”), but adherence continues to limit success. To examine detailed behavioral patterns associated with home-based videogame treatment, we analyzed in detail the videogame adherence data from the Binocular treatment of amblyopia with videogames (BRAVO) clinical trial (ACTRN12613001004752).MethodsChildren (7-12 years), Teenagers (13-17 years) and Adults (≥18 years) with unilateral amblyopia were loaned iPod Touch devices with either an active treatment or placebo videogame and instructed to play for 1-2 hours/day for six weeks at home. Objectively-recorded adherence data from device software were used to analyze adherence patterns such as session length, daily distribution of gameplay, use of the pause function, and differences between age groups. Objectively-recorded adherence was also compared to subjectively-reported adherence from paper-based diaries.Results105 of the 115 randomized participants completed six weeks of videogame training. Average adherence was 65% (SD 37%) of the minimum hours prescribed. Game training was generally performed in short sessions (mean 21.5, SD 11.2 minutes), mostly in the evening, with frequent pauses (median every 4.1 minutes, IQR 6.1). Children played in significantly shorter sessions and paused more frequently than older age groups (p<0.0001). Participants tended to over-report adherence in subjective diaries compared to objectively-recorded gameplay time.ConclusionAdherence to home-based videogame treatment was characterized by short sessions interspersed with frequent pauses, suggesting regular disengagement. This complicates dose-response calculations and may interfere with the effectiveness of treatments like binocular treatments for amblyopia, which require sustained visual stimulation.Clinical trial IDACTRN12613001004752
Knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 in Bangladesh: Population-level estimation and a comparison of data obtained by phone and online survey methods
Authors: Karim Anwarul , Akter Mastura , Mazid AHM Thafikul , Pulock Orindom Shing , Aziz Tasmiah Tahera , Hayee Samira , Tamanna Nowrin , Chuwdhury GS , Haque Afsana , Yeasmin Farhana , Mitu Mashkura Akter , Yeasmin Farjana , Rashid Humayun , Kuri Ashish Kumar , Das Arni , Majumder Koushik , Barua Dipen , Rahaman Md Mahabubur , Akter Sanjida , Munia Nashid Niaz , Sultana Jabin , Usaila Faeeqa , Sifat Sabrina , Nourin Nishat Anjum , Uddin Md Forhad , Bhowmik Mrinmoy , Ahammed Tanvir , Sharik Nabil , Mehnaz Quddus , Bhuiyan Md Nur Hossain , Banu Tahmina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPeoples’ adherence to the guidelines and measures suggested in fighting the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is partly determined by the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of the population. In this cross-sectional study, we primarily addressed two key issues. First, we tried to determine whether there is a significant difference in the estimated COVID-19 knowledge level from the online and phone survey methods. Second, we tried to quantify the knowledge and attitude of COVID-19 in Bangladeshi adult population. Data were collected through phone calls (April 14-23, 2020) and online survey (April 18-19, 2020) in Bangladesh. The questionnaire had 20 knowledge questions with each correct response getting one point and incorrect/don’t know response getting no point (maximum total knowledge score 20). Participants scoring >17 were categorized as having good knowledge. The percentages of good knowledge holders were 57.6%, 75.1%, and 95.8% in the phone (n=1426), online non-medical (n=1097), and online medical participants (n=382), respectively. Comparison between phone and online survey showed that, overall, online survey might overestimate knowledge level than that of phone survey, although there was no difference for elderly, poor, and rural people. Male gender, higher education, living in town/urban areas, good financial condition, and use of internet were positively associated with good knowledge. However, higher knowledge was associated with having less confidence in the final control of COVID-19. Our adult population-level estimates showed that only 32.6% (95% CI 30.1-35.2%) had good knowledge. This study provides crucial information that could be useful for the researchers and policymakers to develop effective strategies.
Death, Demography and the Denominator: Age-Adjusted Influenza-18 Mortality in Ireland
Authors: Colvin Christopher L. , McLaughlin Eoin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUsing the Irish experience of the Spanish flu, we demonstrate that pandemic mortality statistics are sensitive to the demographic composition of a country. We build a population database for Ireland’s 32 counties with vital statistics on births, ageing, migration and deaths. We show how age-at-death statistics in 1918 and 1919 should be used to construct the age-adjusted mortality statistics necessary to make comparisons across time and space. We conclude that studies of the economic consequences of Influenza-18 and Covid-19 must better control for demographic factors if they are to yield useful policy-relevant results. For example, while Northern Ireland has a higher crude death rate in the current pandemic, it also has an older population; age-adjusted mortality paints a very different picture.
Identification of pipe inner surface in heat conduction problems by deep learning and effective thermal conductivity transform
Authors: Chen Haolong , Du Zhibo , Li Xiang , Zhou Huanlin , Liu Zhanli 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a transform method and a deep learning model to identify the inner surface shape based on the measurement temperature at the outer boundary of the pipe.

Design/methodology/approach
The training process is assisted by the finite element method (FEM) simulation which solves the direct problem for the data preparation. To avoid re-meshing the domain when the inner surface shape varies, a new transform method is proposed to transform the shape identification problem into the effective thermal conductivity identification problem. The deep learning model is established to set up the relationship between the measurement temperature and the effective thermal conductivity. Then the unknown geometry shape is acquired by the mapping between the inner shape and the effective thermal conductivity through the inverse transform method.

Findings
The new method is successfully applied to identify the internal boundary of a pipe with eccentric circle, ellipse and nephroid inner geometries. The results show that as the measurement points increased and the measurement error decreased, the results became more accurate. The position of the measurement point and mesh density of the FEM model have less effect on the results.

Originality/value
The deep learning model and the transform method are developed to identify the pipe inner surface shape. There is no need to re-mesh the domain during the computation progress. The results show that the proposed method is a fast and an accurate tool for identifying the pipe inner surface.
Connecting universities with entrepreneurship through digital learning platform: functional requirements and education-based knowledge exchange activities
Authors: Linzalone Roberto , Schiuma Giovanni , Ammirato Salvatore 
Published: May 2020

PurposeStudies on academic entrepreneurship (AE) agree on the significant impact that Universities can have on entrepreneurial development. AE deploys through fundamental activities, like the start-up of new companies and the connection of the University with Enterprises. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the role of digital learning platforms (DLP) to connect Universities and Enterprises effectively. Although the literature has extensively investigated DLP, there is a lack of understanding of the role of DLP in supporting digital AE. This paper focuses, in particular, on the functional requirements that have to distinguish the development of DLPs supporting education-based activities of knowledge transfer between academia and enterprise.Design/methodology/approachThe research is carried out, adopting a case study methodology. A single and holistic case regarding a DLP developed for the strategic and exclusive deployment of AE activities is proposed to describe and discuss the functional requirements of such Platform.FindingsThe DLP is a virtual learning space in which Enterprises and Universities can interact. The definition of design requirements is crucial for the efficacy of DLPs and needs to be carefully supported. Various criteria are proposed, respect to the various stakeholders engaged in DAE learning platform (Universities, Enterprises, students, employees), and according to the short- and long-term objectives of Universities and Entrepreneurship connection.Originality/valueThe paper explores an original case of DLP established in AE, to connect Universities and Enterprises. The research also sheds light on the under focussed typology of AE activities regarding education-based knowledge exchange. They are currently unaddressed by the literature on AE.
Evolution of private returns to schooling over the business cycle in a transition economy
Authors: Wincenciak Leszek 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide the estimates of returns to schooling using consistent methodology and comparable set of data for a long time horizon for a country undergoing economic transition. Second, the paper aims to verify if returns to schooling in Poland were pro-cyclical or counter-cyclical.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on the human capital theory in estimating the wage returns to years of schooling controlling additionally for unemployment rates at a regional level. Data come from a collection of Polish individual LFS waves for the period 1995–2017.FindingsReturns to schooling in Poland were increasing until 2006 and declining afterwards unveiling the supply side effects domination. The estimates suggested counter-cyclicality of returns in Poland.Research limitations/implicationsUsing LFS data made it impossible to control for ability bias therefore it is possible that the estimates are somewhat biased (the literature however suggests that the extent of the bias is likely to be small). It might still be argued that using consistent methodology for the whole period of analysis still offers valuable insight into returns evolution.Originality/valueThis paper finds a reversal of returns trend after 2006 suggesting the period after accession to EU exhibited a supply side effect domination. The findings on counter-cyclicality of returns to education in Poland have not yet been documented in the literature.
Social media engagement, service complexity, and experiential quality in US hospitals
Authors: Lee Youngsu , In Joonhwan , Lee Seung Jun 
Published: May 2020

PurposeAs social media platforms become increasingly popular among service firms, many US hospitals have been using social media as a means to improve their patients’ experiences. However, little research has explored the implications of social media use within a hospital context. The purpose of this paper is to investigate a hospital’s customer engagement through social media and its association with customers’ experiential quality. Also, this study examines the role of a hospital’s service characteristics, which could shape the nature of the interactions between patients and the hospital.Design/methodology/approachData from 669 hospitals with complete experiential quality and demographic data were collected from multiple sources of secondary data, including the rankings of social media friendly hospitals, the Hospital Compare database, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) cost report, the CMS impact file, the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society Analytics database and the Dartmouth Atlas of Health Care. Specifically, the authors designed the instrumental variable estimate to address the endogeneity issue.FindingsThe empirical results suggest a positive association between a hospital’s social media engagement and experiential quality. For hospitals with a high level of service sophistication, the association between online engagement and experiential quality becomes more salient. For hospitals offering various services, offline engagement is a critical predictor of experiential quality.Research limitations/implicationsA hospital with more complex services should make efforts to engage customers through social media for better patient experiences. The sample is selected from databases in the US, and the databases are cross-sectional in nature.Practical implicationsNot all hospitals may be better off improving the patient experience by engaging customers through social media. Therefore, practitioners should exercise caution in applying the study’s results to other contexts and in making causal inferences.Originality/valueThe current study delineates customer engagement through social media into online and offline customer engagement. This study is based on the theory of customer engagement and reflects the development of mobile technology. Moreover, this research may be considered as pioneering in that it considers the key characteristics of a hospital’s service operations (i.e., service complexity) when discovering the link between customers’ engagement through a hospital’s social media and experiential quality.
Theoretical and analytical analysis of convective heat transport of radiated micropolar fluid over a vertical plate under nonlinear Boussinesq approximation
Authors: Mahanty Debarati , Babu Reeba , Mahanthesh B. 
Published: May 2020

PurposeIn heat transfer problems, if the temperature difference is not sufficiently so small then the linear Boussinesq approximation is not adequate to describe thermal analysis. Also, nonlinear density variation with respect to temperature/concentration has a significant impact on heat and fluid flow characteristics. Because of this reason, the impact of nonlinear density variation in the buoyancy force term cannot be neglected. Therefore in this paper, the unsteady flow and heat transfer of radiating magneto-micropolar fluid by considering nonlinear Boussinesq approximation is investigated analytically.Design/methodology/approachThe flow is fully developed and time-dependent. Heat and mass flux boundary conditions are also accounted in the analysis. The governing equations of transport phenomena are treated analytically using regular perturbation method. To analyze the tendency of the obtained solutions, a parametric study is performed.FindingsIt is established that the velocity field is directly proportional to the nonlinear convection parameter and the same trend is observed with the increase of the value of Grashof number. The micro-rotational velocity profile decreases with increase in the nonlinear convection parameter. Further, the temperature profile increases due to the presence of radiative heat aspect.Originality/valueThe effectiveness of nonlinear Boussinesq approximation in the flow of micropolar fluid past a vertical plate in the presence of thermal radiation and magnetic dipole is investigated for the first time.
Surprising low diversity of the plant pathogen Phytophthora in Amazonian forests
Authors: Legeay Jean , Husson Claude , Boudier Benjamin , Louisanna Eliane , Baraloto Christopher , Schimann Heidy , Marcais Benoît , Buée Marc 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThe genus Phytophthora represents a group of plant pathogens with broad global distribution. The majority of them cause the collar and root‐rot of diverse plant species. Little is known about Phytophthora communities in forest ecosystems, especially in the Neotropical forests where natural enemies could maintain the huge plant diversity via negative density dependence. We characterized the diversity of soil‐borne Phytophthora communities in the North French Guiana rainforest and investigated how they are structured by host identity and environmental factors. In this little‐explored habitat, 250 soil cores were sampled from 10 plots hosting 10 different plant families across three forest environments (Terra Firme, Seasonally Flooded and White Sand). Phytophthora diversity was studied using a baiting approach and metabarcoding (High‐Throughput Sequencing) on environmental DNA extracted from both soil samples and baiting‐leaves. These three approaches revealed very similar communities, characterized by an unexpected low diversity of Phytophthora species, with the dominance of two cryptic species close to Phytophthora heveae. As expected, the Phytophthora community composition of the French Guiana rainforest was significantly impacted by the host plant family and environment. However, these plant pathogen communities are very small and are dominated by generalist species, questioning their potential roles as drivers of plant diversity in these Amazonian forests.
The relationship between tomato fruit growth, incidence of blossom‐end rot and phytohormone content as affected by sink/source ratio
Authors: Aslani Leila , Gholami Mahdiyeh , Mobli Mostafa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBlossom‐end rot is generally considered a calcium‐related physiological disorder. The results of the previous studies show that several factors such as plant conditions can be effective on the blossom‐end rot incidence. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the sink/source ratio on the incidence of the blossom‐end rot of two greenhouse tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars: ‘Grandella’ and ‘Isabella’. To this end, four treatments were applied: saving one fruit per truss (1F), two fruits per truss (2F), three fruits per truss (3F), and no fruit pruning (control). The results showed that the tomato cultivar ‘Isabella’ was more susceptible to the blossom‐end rot than ‘Grandella’. Decreasing the sink/source ratio increased the incidence of the blossom‐end rot and the relative fruit growth rate. The correlation between the blossom‐end rot incidence and the relative fruit growth rate showed that the fruit growth rate could be regarded as an important factor in the incidence of this disorder. Endogenous auxin and cytokinin concentrations acted as the regulators of the fruit growth rate and influenced it. Slowing down the relative growth rate by keeping proper sink/source ratio based on tomato cultivar is, therefore, an effective, cheap and healthy way to control the incidence of the blossom‐end rot, especially in organic farming.
Lanadelumab demonstrates rapid and sustained prevention of hereditary angioedema attacks
Authors: Riedl Marc A. , Maurer Marcus , Bernstein Jonathan A. , Banerji Aleena , Longhurst Hilary J. , Li H. Henry , Lu Peng , Hao James , Juethner Salomé , Lumry William R. ,   for the HELP Investigators
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundLanadelumab demonstrated efficacy in preventing hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks in the phase 3 HELP Study.ObjectiveTo assess time to onset of effect and long‐term efficacy of lanadelumab, based on exploratory findings from the HELP Study.MethodsEligible patients with HAE type I/II received lanadelumab 150 mg every 4 weeks (q4wks), 300 mg q4wks, 300 mg q2wks, or placebo. Ad hoc analyses evaluated day 0‐69 findings using a Poisson regression model accounting for overdispersion. Least‐squares mean monthly HAE attack rate for lanadelumab was compared with placebo. Intrapatient comparisons for days 0‐69 versus steady state (days 70‐182) used a paired t test for continuous endpoints or Kappa statistics for categorical endpoints.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐five patients were randomized and treated. During days 0‐69, mean monthly attack rate was significantly lower with lanadelumab (0.41‐0.76) vs placebo (2.04), including attacks requiring acute treatment (0.33‐0.61 vs 1.66) and moderate/severe attacks (0.31‐0.48 vs 1.33, all P ≤ .001). More patients receiving lanadelumab vs placebo were attack free (37.9%‐48.1% vs 7.3%) and responders (85.7%‐100% vs 26.8%). During steady state, the efficacy of lanadelumab vs placebo was similar or improved vs days 0‐69. Intrapatient differences were significant with lanadelumab 300 mg q4wks for select outcomes. Lanadelumab efficacy was durable—HAE attack rate was consistently lower vs placebo, from the first 2 weeks of treatment through study end. Treatment emergent adverse events were comparable during days 0‐69 and 70‐182.ConclusionProtection with lanadelumab started from the first dose and continued throughout the entire study period.
Transperineal freehand multiparametric MRI fusion targeted biopsies under local anaesthesia for prostate cancer diagnosis: a multicentre prospective study of 1014 cases
Authors: Marra Giancarlo , Zhuang Junlong , Beltrami Mattia , Calleris Giorgio , Zhao Xiaozhi , Marquis Alessandro , Kan Yansheng , Oderda Marco , Huang Haifeng , Faletti Riccardo , Zhang Qing , Molinaro Luca , Wang Wei , Bergamasco Laura , Guo Hongqian , Gontero Paolo 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveTo assess the outcomes of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) transperineal targeted fusion biopsy (TPFBx) under local anaesthesia.Patients and MethodsWe prospectively screened 1327 patients with a positive mpMRI undergoing TPFBx (targeted cores and systematic cores) under local anaesthesia, at two tertiary referral institutions, between September 2016 and May 2019, for inclusion in the present study. Primary outcomes were detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) defined as (1) International Society of Urological Pathologists (ISUP) grade >1 or ISUP grade 1 with >50% involvement of prostate cancer (PCa) in a single core or in >2 cores (D1) and (2) ISUP grade >1 PCa (D2). Secondary outcomes were: assessment of peri‐procedural pain (numerical rating scale [NRS]) and procedure timings; erectile (International Index of Erectile Function) and urinary (International Prostate Symptom Score) function changes; and complications. We also investigated the value of systematic sampling and concordance with radical prostatectomy (RP).ResultsA total of 1014 patients were included, of whom csPCa was diagnosed in 39.4% (n = 400). The procedure was tolerable (NRS pain score 3.1 ± 2.3), with no impact on erectile (P = 0.45) or urinary (P = 0.58) function, and a low rate of complications (Clavien–Dindo grades 1 or 2, n = 8; grade >2, n = 0). No post‐biopsy sepsis was recorded. Twenty‐two men (95% confidence interval [CI] 17–29) needed to undergo additional systematic biopsy to diagnose one csPCa missed by targeted biopsies (D1). ISUP grade concordance of biopsies with RP was as follows: k = 0.40 (95% CI 0.31–0.49) for targeted cores alone and k = 0.65 (95% CI 0.57–0.72; P < 0.05) overall.ConclusionsThe use of TPFBx under local anaesthesia yielded good csPCa detection and was feasible, quick, well tolerated and safe. Infectious risk was negligible. Addition of systematic to targeted cores may not be needed in all men, although it improves csPCa detection and concordance with RP.