bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REGENERAÇÃO NATURAL DE ESPÉCIES MADEIREIRAS NA AMAZÔNIA OCIDENTAL
Authors: Sccoti Marta Silvana Volpato , Biazatti Scheila Cristina , Brito Júnior João Fideles , Fagundes Suelen Tainã Silva 
Published: September 2020

A regeneração natural representa um estoque da floresta importante para a manutenção e renovação da composição florística. Nos planos de manejo o seu conhecimento se faz necessário para orientar práticas culturais. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho objetivou caracterizar a composição, o estoque e dinâmica de espécies de valor madeireiro ocorrentes na regeneração natural em área submetida ao manejo florestal na Floresta Nacional do Jamari, Rondônia. O estudo foi realizado em dez parcelas permanentes, distribuídas de forma aleatória em uma área de 3.532 ha submetida a exploração madeireira. Em cada parcela foram aleatorizadas 5 subunidades para o estudo da regeneração natural, a qual foi dividida em duas classes de tamanho, mudas e arvoretas. As espécies foram avaliadas quanto ao grupo ecológico, taxas de ingresso e mortalidade, incremento corrente anual médio em altura e diâmetro e estrutura fitossociológica. Foram observadas a presença de nove espécies de valor madeireiro, sendo as mais importantes Astronium lecointei e Brosimum rubencens na classe de mudas e, na classe de arvoretas, Beilschmiedia brasiliensis e Dinizia excelsa. De forma geral, a regeneração sofre influência constante das taxas de mortalidade, ingresso, danos e crescimento, que afeta a sua composição e estrutura. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Espécies florestais, Sucessão ecológica, Unidades de conservação.
AVALIAÇÃO DA SOBREVIVÊNCIA DO AÇAIZEIRO, CULTIVAR BRS- PARÁ, EM ÁREA DE PRESERVAÇÃO PERMANENTE EM SÃO DOMINGOS DO ARAGUAIA-PA
Authors: Matos Thais Esllem Silva , Amorim Ismael Alves , Rodrigues Diego De Macedo , Silva Érica De Jesus 
Published: September 2020

As Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APP) são áreas encontradas ao longo de curso de água e são constituídas pela flora e fauna e pelos recursos hídricos. Além, disso desempenham importantes funções ecológicas e biológicas para a preservação dos recursos hídricos de uma região, como proteção contra erosão. Mesmo sendo comprovada a importância dessas áreas, elas não são poupadas das intervenções antrópicas. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a sobrevivência do açaizeiro cultivar BRS - Pará, em uma área experimental de Preservação Permanente-APP, da Fazenda Cristalina, em São Domingos do Araguaia-PA. Foram utilizadas quatro parcelas de açaizeiro, com dimensão de 24 m x12 m, as parcelas foram distribuídas casualmente ao longo do córrego, cada uma contendo 81 plantas e foram avaliadas as 20 plantas centrais. O estudo foi realizado durante 10 meses e as avaliações foram a cada 60 dias, sendo nos meses de janeiro a outubro de 2015. O parâmetro avaliado foi à sobrevivência e os dados coletados em campo foram organizados em planilhas do Microsoft Excel e no programa Sisvar. Em relação à taxa de sobrevivência houve diferença entre os meses avaliados, a menor sobrevivência foi no período de menor precipitação. Isso evidencia que as condições das subáreas e pluviosidade influenciaram as mudas de diferentes formas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Degradação, Ecossistema ripário, Recomposição vegetal.
Comprendiendo y desarrollando la creatividad: una aproximación práctica
Authors: Treffinger Donald J. , Selby Edwin C. 
Published: September 2020

Se propone al pensamiento crítico y al pensamiento creativo como factores determinantes para afrontar el cambio constante al que está sometida la sociedad en la actualidad y, especialmente, los más pequeños. Asimismo, se discuten las herramientas para el desarrollo del pensamiento creativo y crítico y se propone un conjunto de herramientas básicas para la solución de problemas creativos, tanto a nivel de la generación de opciones como a nivel de la focalización de opciones. Se discute la importancia de las herramientas como base importante para el aprendizaje y para la gestión de cambios en la solución de problemas creativos, así como sus aplicaciones desde la infancia hasta la adultez. Finalmente, se establecen sugerencias para la enseñanza y la aplicación de instrumentos de pensamiento.
Dificultades socio-emocionales del alumno con altas habilidades
Authors: Alencar Eunice Soriano de 
Published: September 2020

Se describen dificultades socio-emocionales que fueron observadas en alumnos con altas habilidades. Asimismo, se discute la asincronía entre distintas dimensiones del desarrollo, tales como el perfeccionismo, la hipersensibilidad, el bajo rendimiento, además de otro tipo de dificultades socio-emocionales, presentándose factores asociados a las mismas. Finalmente se señalan las posibles contribuciones del psicólogo en lo que se refiere a la orientación de los alumnos con altas habilidades, sus familias y profesores, a nivel de prevención o minimización de los desajustes, así como para contribuir a la optimización de su proceso de desarrollo.
Motivación, sobredotación y talento: un desafío para el éxito
Authors: Blumen Sheyla 
Published: September 2020

Se analizan las definiciones actuales sobre el talento y la sobredotación, con énfasis en la variable motivación, presentándose diferentes posturas sobre la influencia de la motivación en la génesis de la sobredotación y en el desarrollo del talento. Posteriormente se analiza la influencia de la motivación en el desempeño sobresaliente, en el bajo rendimiento, así como en el desarrollo socioemocional del sobredotado. Se presenta una visión panorámica de los logros y desafíos del Perú en el desarrollo del talento y la sobredotación, a nivel de conceptualización, identificación e intervención en contextos multiculturales y de pobreza. Se propone un proyecto económico y viable de fomento al desarrollo del talento en el Perú dentro del sistema educativo regular, a lo largo de los tres niveles educativos: primaria, secundaria y terciaria. Finalmente, se incluyen conclusiones y recomendaciones para el desarrollo de políticas de estado de fomento al talento en el Perú.
Prototipos de liderazgo masculino y femenino en población militar
Authors: Lupano Perugini María Laura , Castro Solano Alejandro , Casullo María Martina 
Published: September 2020

El objetivo fue identificar prototipos masculinos y femeninos de liderazgo efectivo en población militar. Participaron 262 sujetos, 69,5% (n = 182) varones y 30,5% (n = 80) mujeres, con edad media de 25,62 años. El 66% tenía personal a cargo y el 34% eran subordinados. Se utilizó una encuesta diseñada ad-hoc donde se solicitaba identificar dos líderes efectivos (un hombre y una mujer) y justificar la elección. Los sujetos identificaron mayormente como líderes varones a militares, tanto de población general como específicos por sus haza-ñas militares. Se observó variabilidad en el resto de categorías. Con relación a líderes mujeres se identificaron líderes religiosas, militares de población general y políticas. Además se hallaron diferencias en las características asignadas a ambos prototipos. Palabras clave: prototipos, liderazgo, género, militar.
Perspectiva temporal futura en adolescentes institucionalizados
Authors: Carcelén Velarde María Claudia , Martínez Patricia 
Published: September 2020

Se describen las metas a futuro y preocupaciones que los adolescentes institucionalizados poseen y se identifican las actitudes temporales que presentan hacia el pasado, presente y futuro, comparándolas con un grupo de adolescentes no institucionalizados de similares características. Es un estudio descriptivo con diseño transversal en el que participaron 34 adolescentes institucionalizados y 41 no institucionalizados de 15 a 17 años. Los instrumentos fueron el Método de Inducción Motivacional (MIM) y la Escala de Actitudes Temporales (TAS) (Nuttin, 1985). Se encontró que las metas se orientan principalmente hacia los contactos interpersonales, el deseo de autorrealización y el sí mismo. No obstante, los adolescentes institucionalizados muestran una mayor cantidad de metas relativas al desarrollo de aptitudes y una mayor necesidad de establecer contactos interpersonales, ligada, a su vez, a temores en torno al daño que se puede generar al entablar dichas relaciones.
Hill-based dissimilarity indices and null models for analysis of microbial community assembly
Authors: Modin Oskar , Liébana Raquel , Sabeh-Alam Soroush , Wilén Britt-Marie , Suarez Carolina , Hermansson Malte , Persson Frank 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: High-throughput amplicon sequencing of marker genes, such as the 16S rRNA gene in Bacteria and Archaea, provides a wealth of information about the composition of microbial communities. To quantify differences between samples and draw conclusions about factors affecting community assembly, dissimilarity indices are typically used. However, results are subject to several biases and data interpretation can be challenging. The Jaccard and Bray-Curtis indices, which are often used to quantify taxonomic dissimilarity, are not necessarily the most logical choices. Instead, we argue that Hill-based indices, which make it possible to systematically investigate the impact of relative abundance on dissimilarity, should be used for robust analysis of data. In combination with a null model, mechanisms of microbial community assembly can be analyzed. Here, we also introduce a new software, qdiv, which enables rapid calculations of Hill-based dissimilarity indices in combination with null models.Results: Using amplicon sequencing data from two experimental systems, aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactors and microbial fuel cells (MFC), we show that the choice of dissimilarity index can have considerable impact on results and conclusions. High dissimilarity between replicates because of random sampling effects make incidence-based indices less suited for identifying differences between groups of samples. Determining a consensus table based on count tables generated with different bioinformatic pipelines reduced the number of low-abundant, potentially spurious amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in the data sets, which led to lower dissimilarity between replicates. Analysis with a combination of Hill-based indices and a null model allowed us to show that different ecological mechanisms acted on different fractions of the microbial communities in the experimental systems.Conclusions: Hill-based indices provide a rational framework for analysis of dissimilarity between microbial community samples. In combination with a null model, the effects of deterministic and stochastic community assembly factors on taxa of different relative abundances can be systematically investigated. Calculations of Hill-based dissimilarity indices in combination with a null model can be done in qdiv, which is freely available as a Python package (https://github.com/omvatten/qdiv). In qdiv, a consensus table can also be determined from several count tables generated with different bioinformatic pipelines.
Characterization of type-2 diacylglycerol acyltransferases in Haematococcus lacustris reveals their functions and engineering potential in triacylglycerol biosynthesis and possible roles in astaxanthin esterification
Authors: Cui Hongli , Zhao Chunchao , Xu Wenxin , Zhang Hongjiang , Hang Wei , Zhu Xiaoli , Ji Chunli , Xue Jinai , Zhang Chunhui , Li Runzhi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Haematococcus lacustris is an ideal source of astaxanthin (AST) which is stored at oil bodies containing esterified AST (EAST) and triacylglycerol (TAG). Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) catalyze the last step of the acyl-CoA-dependent TAG biosynthesis and are also considered as the crucial enzymes involving in EAST biosynthesis in H. lacustris. Previous studies have identified four putative DGAT2 encoding genes in H. lacustris and only the HpDGAT2D allowed the recovery of TAG biosynthesis, but the engineering potential of HpDGAT2s in TAG biosynthesis, especially possible roles in AST esterification, remains ambiguous.Results: Five putative DGAT2 genes (HpDGAT2A, HpDGAT2B, HpDGAT2C, HpDGAT2D, and HpDGAT2E) were identified in H. lacustris. Transcription analysis showed that the expression levels of HpDGAT2A, HpDGAT2D, and HpDGAT2E genes markedly increased under high light and nitrogen deficient conditions with distinct patterns, which led to significant TAG and EAST accumulation. Functional complementation demonstrated HpDGAT2A, HpDGAT2B, HpDGAT2D, and HpDGAT2E had the capability to restore TAG synthesis in a TAG-deficient yeast strain (H1246) with the large difference in enzymatic activity. Fatty acids (FAs) profiles assays revealed that HpDGAT2A, HpDGAT2D, and HpDGAT2E except for HpDGAT2B preferred monounsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs (MUFAs) for TAG synthesis in yeast cells, and also showed polyunsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs (PUFAs) preference by feeding strategy. The over-expression of HpDGAT2D in Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii significantly increased the TAG content and obviously promoted the MUFAs and PUFAs contents. Interestingly, molecular docking analysis implied that HpDGAT2s structures contained AST binding sites, which provides strong evidence for AST esterification function in H. lacustris.Conclusions: Our study represents a pioneering work on the characterization of HpDGAT2s by systematically integrating expression pattern, AST/TAG accumulation, functional complementation, molecular docking, and over-expression in yeast, plants, and algae. These results (1) update the gene models of HpDGAT2s, (2) prove TAG biosynthesis capacity of HpDGAT2s, (3) show the strong preference for MUFAs and PUFAs, (4) offer target genes to modulate TAG biosynthesis by genetic engineering method, and (5) provide new evidence for HpDGAT2s roles in AST esterification.
Outcome of Community- versus Hospital-Acquired Intra-Abdominal Infections in Intensive Care Unit: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Abaziou Timothée , Vardon-Bounes Fanny , Conil Jean-Marie , Rouget Antoine , Ruiz Stéphanie , Grare Marion , Fourcade Olivier , Suc Bertrand , Leone Marc , Minville Vincent , Georges Bernard 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare patients hospitalised in the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery for community-acquired intra-abdominal infection (CA-IAI) and hospital-acquired intra-abdominal infection (HA-IAI) in terms of mortality, severity and complications.Methods: Retrospective study including all patients admitted to 2 ICUs within 48 hours of undergoing surgery for peritonitis.Results: 226 patients were enrolled during the study period. Patients with CA-IAI had an increased 28-day mortality rate compared to those with HA-IAI (30% vs 15%, respectively (p = 0.009)). At 90 days, the mortality rates were 36.7% and 37.5% in the CA-IAI group and HA-IAI group, respectively, with a similar APACHE II score on admission (median: 21 [15 – 25] vs. 21 [15 - 24] respectively, p = 0.63). The patients with HA-IAI had prolonged ICU and hospital stays (median: 17 [7 – 36] vs. 6[3 – 12] days, p < 0.001 and 41 [24 – 66] vs. 17 [7 – 32] days, p = 0.001), and experienced more complications (reoperation and reintubation) than those with CA-IAI. Conclusion: CA-IAI group had higher 28-day mortality rate than HA IAI group. Mortality was similar at 90 days but those with HA-IAI had a prolonged ICU and hospital stay. In addition, they developed more complications.
Managing intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy challenges: an ethnographic study of two Ghanaian administrative regions
Authors: Aberese-Ako Matilda , Magnussen Pascal , Gyapong Margaret , Ampofo Gifty Dufie , Tagbor Harry 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) is an important public health problem across sub-Saharan Africa. The package of measures for its control in Ghana in the last 20 years include regular use of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs), directly observed administration (DOT) of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) and prompt and effective case management of MiP. Unfortunately, Ghana like other sub-Saharan African countries did not achieve the reset Abuja targets of 100% of pregnant women having access to IPTp and 100% using LLINs by 2015.Methods: This ethnographic study explored how healthcare managers dealt with existing MiP policy implementation challenges and the consequences on IPTp-SP uptake and access to maternal healthcare. The study collected date using non-participant observations, conversations, in-depth interviews and case studies in eight health facilities and twelve communities for twelve months in two Administrative regions in Ghana. Results: Healthcare managers addressed frequent stock-outs of malaria programme drugs and supplies from the National Malaria Control Programme and delayed reimbursement from the NHIS, by instituting co-payment, rationing and prescribing drugs for women to buy from private pharmacies. This ensured that facilities had funds to pay creditors, purchase drugs and supplies for health service delivery. However, it affected their ability to enforce DOT and to monitor adherence to treatment. Women who could afford maternal healthcare and MiP services and those who had previously benefitted from such services were happy to access uninterrupted services. Women who could not maternal healthcare services resorted to visiting other sources of health care, delaying ANC and skipping scheduled ANC visits. Consequently, some clients did not receive the recommended 5+ doses of SP, others did not obtain LLINs early and some did not obtain treatment for MiP. Healthcare providers felt frustrated whenever they could not provide comprehensive care to women who could not afford comprehensive maternal and MiP care.Conclusion: For Ghana to achieve her goal of controlling MiP, the Ministry of Health and other supporting institutions need to ensure prompt reimbursement of funds, regular supply of programme drugs and medical supplies to public, faith-based and private health facilities.
Fetal double aortic arch: prenatal sonographic and postnatal computed tomography angiography features, associated abnormalities and clinical outcomes
Authors: Guo Qiao , Kong Yifan , Zeng Shi , Zhou Jiawei , Wang Xiaofang , Shang Quanliang , Zhou Jia , Yuan Hongxia , Wang Ling , Tong Lili , Yi Aijiao , Zhou Qichang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Fetal double aortic arch (DAA) malformation is a rare congenital heart disease with few reported cases in the literature. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of prenatal ultrasound and postnatal computed tomography angiography (CTA) of DAA and to describe the associated anomalies and clinical outcomes to improve prenatal diagnosis and assist in perinatal management. Methods: The obstetric ultrasound imaging databases of seven tertiary referral centers were reviewed retrospectively to identify fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of DAA between January 2013 and December 2018. Ultrasonographic findings, associated anomalies, genetic abnormalities, postnatal CTA images, and long-term postnatal outcomes were evaluated. Results: A total of 36 cases out of 40 prenatally diagnosed DAA fetuses were confirmed by postnatal diagnosis (fetal autopsy, CTA, and surgery). In this cohort of 36 confirmed cases, 24 (67%) were isolated anomalies, while 12 (33%) were associated with intracardiac or extracardiac anomalies, and 2 (6%) had a 22q11.2 chromosome deletion. Among nine cases of pregnancy termination with a fetal autopsy, 7 had other abnormalities. Among the remaining 27 live births, 16 (59%) were asymptomatic and 11 (41%) received surgical treatment due to tracheal or esophageal compression symptoms, all with satisfactory outcomes. Prenatal echocardiography showed that DAA was mainly characterized by a bifurcation of the ascending aorta into the right and left aortic arch and the formation of a complete O-shaped vascular ring around the trachea on the three-vessel tracheal view. A variant in the aortic arch branching pattern was found for the first time. The airway obstruction, branching pattern, and atretic arch of DAA were clearly shown by postnatal CTA. Conclusions: Fetal DAA has unique features on prenatal echocardiography and postnatal CTA, and systematic prenatal examination and timely postnatal CTA evaluation are required. A certain proportion of intracardiac and extracardiac abnormalities are associated with DAA, but the probability of chromosome abnormalities is low, especially for isolated DAA.The clinical outcomes of isolated DAA are favorable, even if surgery is performed due to symptoms. Determining whether other malformations or chromosomal anomalies exist is crucial for prognosis evaluation and prenatal counseling.
Loss of exosomal miR-146a-5p from cancer-associated fibroblasts after androgen deprivation therapy contributes to prostate cancer metastasis
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhao Jing , Ding Mao , Su Yiming , Cui Di , Jiang Chenyi , Zhao Sheng , Jia Gaozhen , Wang Xiaohai , Ruan Yuan , Jing Yifeng , Xia Shujie , Han Bangmin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the backbone of therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Despite the good initial response, castration resistance and metastatic progression will inevitably occur. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) may be implicated in promoting metastasis of PCa after ADT. Our aim is to investigate the role and mechanism of CAFs-derived exosomes involving in metastasis of PCa after ADT. Methods: PCa cells were co-cultured with exosomes derived from 10 nM dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-treated (simulating the high androgen level of prostate cancer microenvironment） or ethanol (ETOH) -treated (simulating the castration level of prostate cancer microenvironment after ADT) CAFs, and their migration and invasion differences under castration condition were examined both in vitro and in vivo. The miRNA profiles of exosomes derived from DHT-treated CAFs and matched ETOH-treated CAFs were analysed via next generation sequencing. The transfer of exosomal miR-146a-5p from CAFs to PCa cells was identified by fluorescent microscopy. The function and direct target gene of exosomal miR-146a-5p in PCa cells were confirmed through Transwell assays, luciferase reporter, and western blot.Results: Compared with DHT-treated CAFs, exosomes derived from ETOH-treated CAFs dramatically increased migration and invasion of PCa cells under castration condition. MiR-146a-5p level in exosomes from ETOH-treated CAFs was significantly reduced. The loss of miR-146a-5p may strengthen the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to accelerate cancer cells metastasis by modulating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/ERK pathway. Conclusions: CAFs-derived exosomal miR-146a-5p confers metastasis in PCa cells under ADT through the EGFR/ERK pathway and it may present a new treatment for PCa.