bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gross Motor Developmental Dysfunctional Outcomes in Infantile and Toddler Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Survivors
Authors: Yang Chun-Feng , Xue Yang , Feng Jun-Yan , Jia Fei-Yong , Zhang Yu , Li Yu-Mei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Increasing studies have focused on motor function/dysfunction in PICU survivors; however, most studies have focused on adults and older children. This study investigated gross motor developmental function outcomes in infantile and toddler pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) survivors and the factors associated with gross motor developmental functions. Methods: This observational study was conducted in the PICU of the First Hospital of Jilin University between January 2019 and March 2019. Thirty-five eligible patients were divided into the dysfunctional (n=24) or non-dysfunctional (n=11) group according to the results of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Second Edition (PDMS-2). Baseline gross motor function for all participants before PICU admission was measured via the Age and Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3). The PDMS-2 was used to evaluate gross motor development function before PICU discharge. Results: The gross motor developmental dysfunction incidence was 68.6%. Linear correlation analysis showed that the gross motor quotient (GMQ) was positively correlated with the pediatric critical illness score (PCIS, r=0.621, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with length of PICU stay (r=-0.556, P=0.001), days sedated (r=-0.602, P<0.001), days on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV; r=-0.686, P<0.001), and days on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT; r=-0.538, P=0.001). Linear regression analysis showed that IMV days (β=-0.736, P=0.001), sepsis (β=-18.111, P=0.003) and PCIS (β=0.550, P=0.021) were independent risk factors for gross motor developmental dysfunction Conclusions: Gross motor developmental dysfunction in infantile and toddler PICU survivors is more common and may be exacerbated by experiences associated with longer IMV days and increasing illness severity combined with sepsis.
Treatment Patterns and Sequences of Pharmacotherapy for Patients Diagnosed with Depression in the United States: 2014 through 2019
Authors: Kern David M. , Cepeda M. Soledad , Defalco Frank , Etropolski Mila 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Understanding how patients are treated in the real-world is vital to identifying potential gaps in care. We describe the current pharmacologic treatment patterns for the treatment of depression.
Methods: Patients with depression were identified from four large national claims databases during 1/1/2014-1/31/2019. Patients had ≥2 diagnoses for depression or an inpatient hospitalization with a diagnosis of depression. Patients were required to have enrollment in the database ≥1 year prior to and three years following their first depression diagnosis. Treatment patterns were captured at the class level and included selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, other antidepressants, anxiolytics, hypnotics/sedatives, and antipsychotics. Treatment patterns were captured during all available follow-up.
Results: We identified 269,668 patients diagnosed with depression. The proportion not receiving any pharmacological treatment during follow-up ranged from 29% to 52%. Of the treated, approximately half received ≥2 different classes of therapy, a quarter received ≥3 classes and more than 10% received 4 or more. SSRIs were the most common first-line treatment; however, many patients received an anxiolytic, hypnotic/sedative, or antipsychotic prior to any antidepressive treatment. Treatment with a combination of classes ranged from approximately 20% of first-line therapies to 40% of fourth-line.
Conclusions: Many patients diagnosed with depression go untreated and many others receive a non-antidepressant medication class as their first treatment. More than half of patients received more than one type of treatment class during the study follow up, suggesting that the first treatment received may not be optimal for most patients.
Vaccine uptake and associated factors in an irregular urban settlement in northeastern Brazil: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Veras Ana Amélia Corrêa de Araújo , Lima Eduardo Jorge da Fonseca , Caminha Maria de Fátima Costa , Silva Suzana Lins da , de Castro Amanda Alves Moreira , Bernardo Andressa Lílian Bezerra , Ventura Maria Lídia Amaral Barbosa , de Lira Pedro Israel Cabral , Filho Malaquias Batista 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Childhood immunization saves the lives of 2-3 million children annually by protecting them against vaccine-preventable diseases. In 2017, 116.2 million children were vaccinated worldwide according to the World Health Organization. Nevertheless, figures suggest that 19.5 million children around the world fail to receive the benefits of complete immunization. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed vaccine uptake and the factors associated with compliance in all the children of up to 36 months of age receiving care within the family health strategy program in an irregular settlement located in a state capital city in northeastern Brazil. This study was nested within a larger study entitled “Health, nutrition and healthcare services in an urban slum population in Recife, Pernambuco”, conducted in 2015. A census sample of 309 children was included, with vaccination data being obtained from their personal child health records. An ad hoc database was constructed, with absolute and relative values being calculated for the socioeconomic, demographic, obstetric and biological data collected. To identify possible factors associated with vaccine compliance, univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed, and the 95% confidence intervals calculated. Variables with p-values <0.20 in the univariate stage were included in the multivariate analysis. The statistical significance of the variables was evaluated using the Wald test, with p-values <0.05 being considered statistically significant. Results: Compliance with the vaccination schedule was 52.1%. In the final model, the factors associated with inadequate compliance with the vaccination schedule were age 12-36 months and the mother not having completed high school. Conclusion: The percentage of vaccine uptake found was well below the figure recommended by the national immunization program and was associated with the child’s age and the mother’s education level. Based on these findings, the family healthcare teams may elaborate vaccination strategies aimed at reaching the coverage rates established by the national immunization program. Optimizing coverage will ultimately prevent the resurgence, at epidemic level, of infectious diseases that are already under control in this country. Keywords: children’s health; vaccination schedule; maternal education level; Family Health Strategy.
Effects of menarche,parity,primiparous age,and reproductive diseases on uterine fibroids of rural women in China
Authors: Wu Bing-Jie , Shao Chun-Yan , Zhu Yun , Huang Kai , Wei Wu , Zhang Xiu-Jun , Hu Cheng-Yang , Zhong Fei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives With the increasing prevalence of hysteromyoma among Chinese rural women at childbearing age, it has become a priority to identify the risk factors that predispose to corporeity and promote early prevention. The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between menarche age, female reproductive health and uterine fibroids.Methods Study participants included 2,200 rural women of reproductive age who were screened for a cross-sectional study in the Anhui province. Data collected by questionnaire survey, gynecological and laboratory examinations were analyzed by Univariate and multivariate analysis to evaluate the risk factors for uterine fibroids.Results Of the 2,200 women, 440 had uterine fibroids. In general, women with endometriosis, ovarian cysts and early menarche were more likely to suffer from hysteromyoma. Factors including more parity, appropriate late primiparous age and normal menstrual cycle were protective of uterine fibroids.Conclusions Our findings indicate that a variety of modifiable factors may increase the risk of uterine fibroids and that relevant health departments should develop effective prevention and intervention measures to improve the reproductive health of rural women.
The Wide Distribution and Horizontal Transfers of Beta Satellite DNA in Eukaryotes
Authors: Guo Yabin , Yang Jiawen , Yuan Bin , Wu Yu , Li Meiyu , Li Jian , Xu Donglin , Gao Zeng-hong , Ma Guangwei , Zhou Yiting , Zuo Yachao , Wang Jin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Beta satellite DNA (satDNA) sequences, also known as Sau3A sequences, are repeated DNA elements reported in human and primate genomes. Beta satDNAs may play roles in genome stability and chromosome segregation during mitosis. It is previously thought that beta satDNAs originated in old world monkeys and bursted in great apes. However, global and high-throughput studies on beta satDNAs are still absent.Results: In this study, we searched 7,821 genome assemblies of 3,767 eukaryotic species and found that beta satDNAs actually are widely distributed across eukaryotes. The four major branches of eukaryotes, animals, fungi, plants and Harosa/SAR, all have multiple clades containing beta satDNAs. These results were also confirmed by searching whole genome sequencing data (SRA) and PCR assay. Beta satDNA might have originated during the early evolution of eukaryotes. The widely patchy distribution of beta satDNAs across eukaryotes presents a typical scenario of multiple horizontal transfers (HT). In contrast, beta satDNA sequences were found in all the primate clades, Primatomorpha and Euarchonta, indicating an origin in the common ancestor and vertical transfers thereafter. Besides in eukaryotes, beta satDNAs were even found in some archaea and bacteria, which should have been acquired from eukaryotes via HTs.Conclusion:Beta satDNAs widely exist in eukaryotes. The current distribution landscape of beta satDNA is the result of countless HTs. Our study shows for the first time that satellite DNAs can also undergo HT, and will provide new ideas for the future investigations in HT/HGT field.Keywords: Beta satellite DNA, Sau3A sequences, Eukaryotes, Horizontal gene transfer, Primates
Serum Amyloid A Protein as a Potential Biomarker in predicting acute onset and association with in-hospital death in acute aortic dissection
Authors: He Yuchen , Ma Changcheng , Xing Jia , Wang Shiyue , Chao Ji , Han Yanshuo , Zhang Jian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life-threatening disorder in vascular surgery with a high early mortality. Serum amyloid A (SAA) is a kind of acute-phase protein with a rapid diagnostic value in other diseases. However, the researches on the performance of SAA for the diagnosis of AAD is still lacking. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the SAA levels and further explore its potential diagnostic role in AAD patients. Methods: SAA levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 63 controls and 87 AAD patients. Laboratory examinations were also performed. And relative clinical information was collected from participants included in this study. Results: SAA levels were significantly higher in AAD patients than those in healthy controls. SAA levels were independently associated with the risk of AAD. There was a positive significant correlation between SAA and C reactive protein (R=0.442, and P=0.001). Based on receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) of SAA for the diagnosis of AAD were 0.942 with optimal cut-off points of 0.427mg/L. For in-hospital mortality, the AUC of SAA were 0.732 with optimal cut-off points of 0.500mg/L. According to logistic regression analysis, higher SAA levels represent a higher risk of in-hospital mortality (OR=1.25; 95%CI: 1.07-1.47; P=0.005). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that SAA levels were significantly enhanced in AAD. SAA was closely correlated with inflammatory parameters and coagulation-related parameters in AAD. Furthermore, SAA could be a potential bio-marker for identifying AAD in the early diagnosis. Finally, SAA >5.0 mg/L are independently related to AAD in-hospital mortality.
Development of a model on factors affecting instrumental activities of daily living in people with mild cognitive impairment – a Delphi study
Authors: Bruderer-Hofstetter Marina , Sikkes Sietske A.M. , Münzer Thomas , Niedermann Karin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The level of functioning in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) is crucial for a person’s autonomy. A clear understanding of the nature of IADL and its limitations in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is lacking. Literature suggests numerous possible influencing factors, e.g. cognitive function, however, without considering other domains of human functioning, e.g. environmental factors. Therefore, we aimed to propose a comprehensive model for IADL functioning that pictures relevant influencing factors. Methods We conducted a four-round online Delphi study in a sample of international IADL experts (N=69). In the first round, panelists were asked to mention all possible relevant cognitive and physical function factors as well as environmental and personal factors influencing IADL functioning. In the subsequent rounds panelists rated the relevance of these factors. Consensus was defined as: 1) ≥70% agreement between panelists on a factor and 2) stability between two succeeding rounds. Results Response rates of the four rounds were high (83% to 100%). In the first round, 229 influencing factors were mentioned, whereof thirteen factors reached consensus in the subsequent rounds and were used to build a model for IADL functioning. The final model includes five cognitive function factors (i.e. memory, attention, executive function, executive function subdomains (problem solving / reasoning and organization / planning), five physical function factors (i.e. seeing functions, hearing functions, balance, gait / mobility functions and functional mobility functions), two environmental factors (i.e. social network / environment and support of social network / environment) and one personal factor (i.e. education). Conclusions This study proposes a comprehensive model on IADL functioning in people with MCI. The results from this Delphi suggest that IADL functioning is not merely affected by cognitive function factors, but also by physical function, environmental and personal factors. The numerousness of mentioned factors in the first round also underlines the individuality of IADL functioning in people with MCI. The model may serve as ground for future research in IADL functioning in people with MCI.
Pneumocystis pneumonia occurrence and prophylaxis duration in kidney transplant recipients according to perioperative treatment with rituximab: a single-center, retrospective study
Authors: Kim Young Hoon , Kim Jee Yeon , Kim Dong Hyun , Ko Youngmin , Choi Ji Yoon , Shin Sung , Jung Joo Hee , Park Su-Kil , Kim Sung-Han , Kwon Hyunwook , Han Duck Jong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening fungal infection that can occur in kidney transplantation (KT) recipients. A growing number of KT recipients are receiving perioperative treatment with rituximab, which is associated with prolonged B-cell depletion and possible risk of PCP occurrence; however, the optimal prophylaxis duration according to rituximab treatment is yet unknown. We compared the occurrence of PCP and the duration of prophylaxis in KT recipients according to rituximab treatment. Method We retrospectively analyzed 2110 patients who underwent KT between January 2009 and December 2016. The study cohort was divided into non-rituximab group (n = 1588, 75.3%) and rituximab group (n = 522, 24.7%), the latter of which was defined as recipients who had been treated with rituximab due to pre-operative desensitization or rejection treatment within 6 months after transplant. Results In the rituximab group, the estimated number needed to treat (NNT) for prophylaxis prolongation from 6 to 12 months was 29.0 with a relative risk reduction of 90.0%. In the non-rituximab group, the estimated NNT value was 133.3 and the relative risk reduction was 66.4%. Rituximab treatment (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.09; P < 0.01) and acute rejection (HR = 2.19; P = 0.03) were significant risk factors for PCP in multivariate analysis. Conclusion Our results suggest that maintaining PCP prophylaxis for 12 months may be beneficial in KT recipients treated with rituximab for desensitization or acute rejection treatment.
Antibiotic prescribing among patients with severe infectious diseases in two private sector hospitals in Central India – A time series analysis over 10 years
Authors: Damlin Anna , Sharma Megha , Marrone Gaetano , Lundborg Cecilia Stålsby 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an emerging problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where mortality rates due to infectious diseases are highly associated with antibiotic resistance. Analyses of antibiotic prescribing practices is needed to develop strategies for improvement. The aim was to analyze antibiotic prescribing among patients with severe infections admitted to two Indian hospitals during 2007-2018. Methods Data from patients (>18 years-of-age), admitted to a teaching (TH) and a non-teaching hospital (NTH) in Ujjain, India, from 2008-2017 registered with one of the infectious diagnoses; epiglottitis, pneumonia, peritonitis, pyelonephritis, cellulitis, erysipelas, septic arthritis, endocarditis, meningitis or sepsis, were included. Antibiotic prescription data was analyzed using the 2019 Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system and the Defined Daily Doses (DDD). Prescribing of antibiotics was calculated for DDD/1000 patient days. To compare data between the hospitals and patient groups, chi-square tests and t-tests were used. Time series analyses were conducted using linear regression. P-values <0.05 were considered significant. Results In total, 2571 patients were included (NTH: 1610, TH: 96, of which 92% respectively 89% were prescribed antibiotics). Antibiotics included in the World Health Organization’s (WHO) access category; antibiotics that should be prescribed as first-choice treatment comprised 61% of the total antibiotic prescribing at the TH and 40% at the NTH (P<0.05). Prescribing of antibiotics categorized as the WHO’s watch antibiotics (second-choice antibiotics) comprised 29% of the antibiotic prescribing at the TH and 40% at the NTH. Prescribing of fixed dose combinations (FDCs) of antibiotics comprised 8% of the antibiotic prescribing at the TH and 18% at the NTH (P<0.05). At the NTH, overall antibiotic prescribing as well as prescribing of access, watch and FDCs of antibiotics increased between 2008-2017 among all included patients and for patients with pneumonia, sepsis, cellulitis and peritonitis (P<0.05). At TH, prescribing of watch, reserve and FDCs of antibiotics increased among all included patients well as among patients with pneumonia, cellulitis and peritonitis (P<0.05). Conclusions High percentage of patients were prescribed antibiotics at both hospitals. Between 2008-2017, overall antibiotic prescribing increased at NTH and prescribing of watch, reserve and FDCs of antibiotics increased at both NTH and TH.
Prevalence of perinatal asphyxia and its associated factors in Ethiopia; A systematic review and meta-Analysis
Authors: Assemie Moges Agazhe , Tizazu Getaye , Labata Busha Gamachu , Simegn Alemu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Perinatal asphyxia(PNA) is a severe health problem and main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. In Ethiopia, there are many studies conducted on PNA characterized by replete of inconsistent; unavailability of nation wide study to determines the prevalence of PNA and its determinants is an important gap. The aim of this study is to develop national consensus on pooled prevalence and associated factor key reports to enhance the quality and consistency of the evidence on perinatal asphyxia. Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis using computerized databases; searches were performed to locate all articles on the prevalence of perinatal asphyxia. Databases included were Pub Med, Cochran library, Google Scholar, Scopus and Science Direct systematically between 2014 and April 2019. All identified studies reporting the prevalence of PNA in Ethiopia were pooled. Two independent authors extracted the data using a standardized data extraction tool. The Cochrane Q test statistics and I2 tests were used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. Random-effects model was used to calculate pooled estimates and determinant factor of PNA in Stata/se version-14. Result: The prevalence of PNA reported from fifteen studies was in the range of 3.1 to 47.5%. The pooled occurrence of PNA in Ethiopia based on 15 articles with a sample size of 17,091 was 21.1% (95% CI: 14, 28). There was high heterogeneity observed (I2 = 99.4%, p <0.001). Thus, Subgroup analysis in the study area was computed .Thus, the highest prevalence (40.4%) was observed from Oromia region and the lowest 8% noted from Dire Dawa city administration. Pooled odd ratio estimates from included studies revealed prolonged labour (OR=3.7, 95% CI 2.4, 5.7), low birth weight (OR=6.5, 95% CI 4.0, 10.3), and Meconium stained liquor (OR=6.6, 95% CI: 4.4, 10.1) are significant risk factors of perinatal asphyxia. Conclusion: In this review, prolonged labour, meconium stained liquor and low birth weight are significantly associated with perinatal asphyxia. Therefore, improve facility-based intra partum care and quality neonatal resuscitation service through capacity building for health professionals is needed.
Relationship between Air Pollution and Lung Cancer in Fujian Province: A Case-control study
Authors: Chen Guang-Min , He Fei , Wu Jiasheng , Yang Huimin , Su Jin , Lin Jianbo , Liu Zhiqiang , Xie Jianfeng , Bai Liang , Cai Lin , Zheng Kuicheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Outdoor air pollutants, especially particulate matters, are defined as a type of carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Studies have shown that air pollution is associated with lung cancer morbidity or mortality . This study is aimed at exploring the relationship between air pollutants and primary lung cancer in Fujian Province, China. Methods: We conducted a hospital-based, retrospective, case–control epidemiological study on three different populations to assess the occurrence of lung cancer caused by exposure to various levels of air pollution. Results: The total study population comprised 885 lung cancer patients and 1,220 healthy controls. The following parameters were identified as risk factors for lung cancer among the total population: smoking; exposure to cooking oil fumes; passive smoking; medical history of lung disease; family history of lung cancer; and exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and O3. Fruit intake and physical exercise were protective against lung cancer. For smokers, medical history of lung disease, family history of lung cancer, and exposure to PM10, and PM2.5 were risk factors for lung cancer, while fruit intake and physical exercise were protective factors. Among non-smokers, exposure to cooking oil fumes; medical history of lung disease; family history of lung cancer; and exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and O3 were factors increasing the risk of lung cancer, while fruit intake, physical exercise, and tea drinking were protective. Conclusions: Long-term exposure to PM10, PM2.5, and O3 was found to be significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer, with the risk being greater for non-smokers and persons exposed to cooking oil fumes.