bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retiring: Role identity processes in retirement transition
Authors: Bordia Prashant , Read Shari , Bordia Sarbari 
Published: March 2020

SummaryRetirement transition has become a prolonged process of adaptation, including changes in role identity. However, there is a dearth of research on the process by which retirees cope with the role transition, including how pre‐retirement role identities shape the transition, the forms of identity work undertaken by retirees, and the unfolding nature of retirement transition. In an in‐depth qualitative examination of the transition process, we identify pre‐retirement role identity profiles based on work and nonwork role identities. We then examine how pre‐retirement role identities influence the transition process, including the nature of identity work in transition and the transition pathways demonstrated by retirees. Our findings provide insights into strengths and limitations afforded by pre‐retirement identities: They facilitate agentic coping in which retirees shed old and adopt new identities but also impose inertia and prolong the transition until identity crises force the retirees to undergo identity exploration and adoption of new identities.
Body mass index moderates the association between gait kinetics, body composition, and femoral knee cartilage characteristics
Authors: Pamukoff Derek N. , Vakula Michael N. , Holmes Skylar C. , Shumski Eric J. , Garcia Steven A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study compared femoral cartilage characteristics between age‐ and sex‐matched individuals with (n = 48, age = 22.8 ± 3.5 years; body mass index [BMI] = 33.1 ± 4.1 kg/m2) and without obesity (n = 48 age = 22.0 ± 2.6 years; BMI = 21.7 ± 1.7 kg/m2) and evaluated the associations between body composition, quadriceps function, and gait kinetics with femoral cartilage characteristics. Medial and lateral femoral cartilage thickness, medial:lateral thickness ratio and medial and lateral cartilage echo intensity were measured using ultrasound imaging. Body composition was assessed using air displacement plethysmography. Quadriceps function was assessed via maximal isometric knee extension. Three‐dimensional gait biomechanics were recorded to extract peak external knee flexion and adduction moments, and peak loading rate of the vertical ground reaction force. Cartilage outcomes were compared between groups using one‐way multivariate analysis of variance. Stepwise moderated regression evaluated the association between body composition, quadriceps function, and gait kinetics with femoral cartilage outcomes in individuals with and without obesity. Medial (75.24 vs 65.84; P < .001, d = 1.02) and lateral (58.81 vs 52.22; P < .001, d = 0.78) femoral cartilage echo intensity were higher in individuals with compared with those without obesity. A higher body fat percentage was associated with higher medial and lateral cartilage echo intensity (ΔR2 = 0.09‐0.12) in individuals with obesity. A higher knee adduction moment was associated with a larger medial:lateral thickness ratio (ΔR2 = 0.09) in individuals without obesity. No associations were found between quadriceps function and cartilage outcomes. These findings suggest that high body fat in adults with obesity is associated with cartilage echo intensity. The obese body mass index was also associated with a lack of a positive relationship between cartilage thickness and joint loading during walking.
Motor development in infancy and spine shape in early old age: Findings from a British birth cohort study
Authors: Saunders Fiona R. , Gregory Jennifer S. , Pavlova Anastasia V. , Muthuri Stella G. , Hardy Rebecca J. , Martin Kathryn R. , Barr Rebecca J. , Adams Judith E. , Kuh Diana , Aspden Richard M. , Cooper Rachel , Ireland Alex 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSpine shape changes dramatically in early life, influenced by attainment of developmental milestones such as independent walking. Whether these associations persist across life is unknown. Therefore, we investigated associations between developmental milestones and spine shape, as determined using statistical shape models (SSMs) of lumbar spine from dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scans in 1327 individuals (688 female) at 60 to 64 years in the MRC National Survey of Health and Development. Lumbar lordosis angle (L4 inferior endplate to T12 superior endplate) was measured using the two‐line Cobb method. In analyses adjusted for sex, height, lean and fat mass, socioeconomic position, and birthweight, later walking age was associated with greater lordosis described by SSM1 (regression coefficient, 0.023; 95% CI, 0.000‐0.047; P = .05) and direct angle measurement. Modest associations between walking age and less variation in anterior‐posterior vertebral size caudally (SSM6) were also observed (0.021; 95% CI, −0.002 to 0.044; P = .07). Sex interactions showed that later walking was associated with larger relative vertebral anterior‐posterior dimensions in men (SSM3; −0.043; 95% CI, −0.075 to 0.01; P = .01) but not women (0.018; 95% CI, −0.0007 to 0.043; P = .17). Similar associations were observed between age at independent standing and SSMs but there was little evidence of association between sitting age and spine shape. Unadjusted associations between walking age and SSMs 1 and 6 remained similar after adjustment for potential confounders and mediators. This suggests that these associations may be explained by altered mechanical loading of the spine during childhood growth, although other factors could contribute. Early life motor development, particularly walking, may have a lasting effect on the features of spine morphology with clinical significance.
Cyclin E1 is a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma
Authors: Wei Ran , Thanindratarn Pichaya , Dean Dylan C. , Hornicek Francis J. , Guo Wei , Duan Zhenfeng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhile amplified expressed cyclin E1 is a well‐known tumorigenic factor and prognostic biomarker in several malignancies, its prognostic predictive potential and function in osteosarcoma is poorly understood. Here we reveal discrete expression pattern, correlation to clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis and overall function of cyclin E1 in osteosarcoma. Sixty‐nine osteosarcoma patient tumor specimens were enrolled to construct a tissue microarray to evaluate cyclin E1 expression through immunohistochemical staining. Cyclin E1 expression in osteosarcoma cell lines and fresh tissues was assessed by Western blot. Cyclin E1 gene expression was evaluated using RNA sequencing data acquired from the public database. We correlated staining intensity to clinical characteristics. Cyclin E1 small interfering RNA was used to determine the effect of cyclin E1 silencing on osteosarcoma cell proliferation and chemotherapeutic sensitivity. Sixty‐one percent of the osteosarcoma patient specimens in the tissue microarray had high cyclin E1 expression. Cyclin E1 gene was significantly highly expressed in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines compared to normal tissues. The expression of cyclin E1 positively correlated with disease status, and inversely correlated to prognosis and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The expression of cyclin E1 was an independent prognostic factor for osteosarcoma patients. In addition, silencing cyclin E1 expression in osteosarcoma cells significantly inhibited cell proliferation and increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. We conclude that cyclin E1 is overexpressed in osteosarcoma and is a promising biomarker for prognosis and chemotherapeutic response. We confirm aberrant cyclin E1 expression is a potent therapeutic target in osteosarcoma, and its selective inhibition is a rational treatment strategy for osteosarcoma.
Room temperature synthesis and Raman spectral evidence of carbon bond ranelate–gold nanoparticles
Authors: da Rocha Júlio C. , Mattioni João V. , Sihn Luca M. , Shinohara Jorge S. , Melo Fernando M. , Franco Mauricio P. , Braga Ataualpa A.C. , Toma Henrique E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRanelate ions, employed in the past as strontium salt for the treatment of osteoporosis, exhibit a rather interesting chemistry associated with a central thiophene ring encompassing two carboxylic groups, a cyanonitrile substituent, and a nitrile diacetate group. In spite of their unfavorable reduction potentials, around 1.26 V, they react very rapidly with HAuCl4 at room temperature, leading to decarboxylation at the C5 position in order to generate gold nanoparticles strongly stabilized by Au–C bonds. The reactions were elucidated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, ligand exchange kinetics, and by means of the surface‐enhanced Raman scattering effect. The gold nanoparticles were further characterized based on transmission electron microscopy and CytoViva hyperspectral microscopy.
Impact of oenological antioxidant substances on the formation of 1‐hydroxyethyl radical and phenolic composition in SO2 free red wines
Authors: Marchante Lourdes , Márquez Katherine , Contreras David , Izquierdo‐Cañas Pedro M , García‐Romero Esteban , Díaz‐Maroto María C 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDDifferent natural substances, chitosan, inactive dry yeasts and freeze‐dried aqueous extracts from two wine industry by‐products (stems and shoots) were used in red winemaking as possible alternatives to SO2. The resistance to oxidation of wines was evaluated by electron paramagnetic resonance. The phenolic composition of wines was analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐diode array detection/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical) and ABTS [2,2′‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) radical cation] assays and spectrophotometric measurements of color were compared.RESULTSThe wines elaborated with chitosan and inactive dry yeast presented greater capacity to inhibit the formation of the 1‐hydroxyethyl radical compared to the wines elaborated with stem or shoot extracts. The total content of anthocyanins was higher in the wines elaborated with SO2; however, the concentration of flavan‐3‐ols was higher in the wines with chitosan. In addition, the wines with chitosan and inactive dry yeast presented the highest % polymerization. Wines elaborated with stem extract had a lower concentration of flavonols and stilbenes.CONCLUSIONChitosan and inactive dry yeast, which are used as an alternative to SO2 in winemaking, allow the control of the formation of 1‐HER in red wines. Wines with stem and shoot extracts showed a lower resistance to oxidation. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Cross‐Linked Fluorinated Poly(Aryl Ether) (C‐FPAE) Films: Preparation Strategy, Performance Study, and Low Dielectric Applications
Authors: Wang Zhaoyang , Shang Yingshuang , Han Xiaocui , Yan Qixing , Liu Jie , Jiang Zilong , Zhang Haibo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe production of low dielectric materials that can be used in high temperature environments is the primary aim of this work. A cross‐linked structure is introduced into fluorinated poly(aryl ether) (named as FPAE) with high molecular weight (Mw, 140 000 g mol−1) and linear molecular structure using nucleophilic substitution reaction at the ortho‐position of decafluorobiphenyl monomer units in the FPAE molecular chain. The curing temperature and curing time are optimized and the final conditions for the cross‐linking reaction in this study are determined to be 300 °C for 1 h. Moreover, the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the C‐FPAE film respectively are 2.67 and 0.006 at 1000 Hz when 1 wt% of crosslinking agent is added, and the cross‐linked fluorinated poly(aryl ether) film shows excellent thermal stability (Td(5%), 495 °C), dimensional stability, hydrophobic properties, and high storage modulus in high temperature environments. Such novel low dielectric material with excellent performances has important application value in the aerospace and the integrated electronics field.
Profound intellectual disability caused by homozygous TRAPPC9 pathogenic variant in a man from Malta
Authors: Wilton Katelynn M. , Gunderson Lauren B. , Hasadsri Linda , Wood Christopher P. , Schimmenti Lisa A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntellectual disability is a complex multi‐faceted condition with diverse underlying etiologies. One rare form of intellectual disability is secondary to the loss of TRAPPC9, an activator of NF‐κB and a mediator of intracellular protein processing and trafficking. TRAPPC9 deficiency has been described in 48 patients with more than 15 pathologic variants.MethodClinical evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging, and whole‐exome sequencing were used to characterize the underlying cause of absent speech, restricted/repetitive behaviors, and worsening behavioral outbursts in 27‐year‐old man from Malta.ResultsMagnetic Resonance Imaging showed morphologic abnormalities, including global cerebral and cerebellar hypoplasia. Genetic analysis through Whole Exome Sequencing identified a homozygous deletion (c.568_574del) in TRAPPC9 resulting in a frameshift, premature stop codon, and ultimately a truncated protein (p.Trp190Argfs*95). In this case, the pathogenic variant was homozygous, identified in both of the parents without known consanguinity.ConclusionGiven the phenotype and genotype consistent with a deficiency in TRAPPC9, it is likely that this patient represents a novel case of this rare genetic syndrome. Specifically, this case, in the context of 48 total reported patients, raises questions as to the geographic origin of the pathologic variant and optimal detection and therapeutic intervention for this condition.
Transverse relaxation rates of pulmonary dissolved‐phase Hyperpolarized 129Xe as a biomarker of lung injury in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Kammerman Jeff , Hahn Andrew D. , Cadman Robert V. , Malkus Annelise , Mummy David , Fain Sean B. 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThe MR properties (chemical shifts and decay rates) of dissolved‐phase hyperpolarized (HP) 129Xe are confounded by the large magnetic field inhomogeneity present in the lung. This work improves measurements of these properties using a model‐based image reconstruction to characterize the decay rates of dissolved‐phase HP 129Xe in healthy subjects and patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).MethodsWhole‐lung MRS and 3D radial MRI with four gradient echoes were performed after inhalation of HP 129Xe in healthy subjects and patients with IPF. A model‐based image reconstruction formulated as a regularized optimization problem was solved iteratively to measure regional signal intensity in the gas, barrier, and red blood cell (RBC) compartments, while simultaneously measuring their chemical shifts and decay rates.ResultsThe estimation of spectral properties reduced artifacts in images of HP 129Xe in the gas, barrier, and RBC compartments and improved image SNR by over 20%. decay rates of the RBC and barrier compartments were lower in patients with IPF compared to healthy subjects (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005, respectively) and correlated to DLCO (R = 0.71 and 0.64, respectively). Chemical shift of the RBC component measured with whole‐lung spectroscopy was significantly different between IPF and normal subjects (P = 0.022).ConclusionEstimates for in both barrier and RBC dissolved‐phase HP 129Xe compartments using a regional signal model improved image quality for dissolved‐phase images and provided additional biomarkers of lung injury in IPF.
Rekindling old friendships in new landscapes: The environment–microbiome–health axis in the realms of landscape research
Authors: Robinson Jake M. , Jorgensen Anna 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Humans are spending less time in biodiverse environments, and according to the Old Friends and Biodiversity hypotheses, this has led to fewer interactions with diverse immunoregulatory micro‐organisms or ‘old friends’.

Non‐communicable diseases such as asthma and inflammatory bowel disease are on the rise, and the development and progression of these ‘modern’ diseases may be attributed in part, to the breakdown of this evolutionary relationship between humans and environmental microbiota.

There is a growing interest in the environment–microbiome–health axis as a mechanism to explain some of the health benefits linked to spending time in nature.

This may provide a platform for proposing a new, holistic and transdisciplinary approach to public and environmental health.

The field of landscape research—which combines social and natural sciences—responds to emerging socioecological issues and can make a significant contribution towards this approach.

This paper explores innovative, landscape research‐based approaches to understanding the complex relationships between the environment, the microbiome and human health.

Transdisciplinarity will play an important role moving forward. This forms a major discussion point in this paper, along with future research directions, key research questions and novel concepts supported by recent technological advancements.

The development of a new field of study—Microbioscape Research as a crossover between microbiome science and landscape research—is also discussed.

A free plain language summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Receptor tyrosine kinase fusions act as a significant alternative driver of the serrated pathway in colorectal cancer development
Authors: Chan Anthony W‐H , Pan Yi , Tong Joanna H‐M , Lung Raymond W‐M , Kwan Johnny S‐H , Chow Chit , Tin Edith K‐Y , Chung Lau‐Ying , Li Hui , Wong Shela S‐Y , Chau Shuk‐Ling , Chan Yuk Yu , Mak Tony W‐C , Ng Simon Siu‐Man , To Ka‐Fai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSerrated polyps are a clinically and molecularly heterogeneous group of lesions that can contribute to the development of colorectal cancers (CRCs). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the development of serrated lesions is still not well understood. Here, we combined multiple approaches to analyze the genetic alterations in 86 colorectal adenomas (including 35 sessile serrated lesions, 15 traditional adenomas, and 36 conventional adenomatous polyps). We also investigated the in vitro and in vivo oncogenic properties of a novel variant of the NCOA4–RET fusion gene. Molecular profiling revealed that sessile serrated lesions and traditional serrated adenomas have distinct clinicopathological and molecular features. Moreover, we identified receptor tyrosine kinase translocations exclusively in sessile serrated lesions (17%), and the observation was validated in a separate cohort of 34 sessile serrated lesions (15%). The kinase fusions as well as the BRAF and KRAS mutations were mutually exclusive to each other. Ectopic expression of a novel variant of the NCOA4–RET fusion gene promoted cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and the proliferation was significantly suppressed by RET kinase inhibitors. All of these underscored the importance of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation in the serrated pathway of colorectal tumorigenesis. In addition, we demonstrated that the kinase fusion may occur early in the precursor lesion and subsequent loss of TP53 may drives the transformation to carcinoma during serrated tumorigenesis. In conclusion, we identified kinase fusions as a significant alternative driver of the serrated pathway in colorectal cancer development, and detecting their presence may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of sessile serrated lesions. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Carbon fiber epoxy‐matrix composites with hydrothermal‐carbon‐coated halloysite nanotube filler exhibiting enhanced strength and thermal conductivity
Authors: Wu Xueping , Zhao Junshuai , Rao Xu , Chung D. D. L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe incorporation of hydrothermal‐carbon‐coated halloysite clay nanotube (HNT/C) as a filler in continuous carbon fiber polymer‐matrix composite is reported. The HNT/C (0.9 vol% of the fiber composite) with 11.9 vol% carbon enhanced the flexural strength and storage modulus by 18% and 23%, respectively, and decreased the porosity from 4.4% to 0.9%. The strengthening is due to the reduced porosity, effective filler dispersion, and strengthened filler‐matrix bond resulting from the interaction between epoxy and the amine‐functionalized hydrothermal carbon. The filler addition increased the through‐thickness thermal conductivity by 149%. The ductility was unaffected. The glass transition temperature was decreased slightly.
Diffuse and spotted anode layers in an atmospheric pressure glow discharge with a water electrode and miniature argon flow
Authors: Li Xuechen , Kang Pengcheng , Gao Kun , Zhou Shuai , Wu Kaiyue , Jia Pengying 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUpon varying discharge current and gap width, several self‐organized patterns are observed in the anode layer of an atmospheric pressure glow discharge with miniature axial argon flow, including diffuse‐disk, single‐ring, disk‐ring, wheel‐spokes, and radial‐stripes patterns. Among them, the wheel‐spokes pattern is observed for the first time in atmospheric pressure glow discharge above a water anode. The conditions for generating the self‐organized patterns are also investigated. Fast photography results indicate that the patterns with low current and narrow gap are diffuse in nature, while those with high current and wide gap are composed of individual spots. This is further verified from waveforms of applied voltage and light emission signals. Moreover, the generation, movement, and disappearance of discrete spots are observed by a high‐speed video camera. Besides, the optical emission spectrum indicates that the glow discharge above the water surface is abundant with electronegative species, including O, NO, NH, and OH. Finally, the formation mechanism of diffuse and spotted anode layers is revealed.
Internal and external migrations of pensioners in Poland: A directional typology
Authors: Pytel Sławomir , Rahmonov Oimahmad , Ruman Marek 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe article presents an analysis of directions of internal and international migrations undertaken by Polish pensioners. A typology of migration directions is proposed. We use the method of a table of signs to define five major types of pensioner migrations. We show the variability of these types over time, from the Type J (moderately mobile, consistent) in the 1990s to the Type H (moderately mobile, mixed) at present. A detailed analysis reveals a major difference between international and internal migrations: The former are mainly due to economic reasons and the latter to reasons related to housing. The obtained results allow us to conclude that pensioner migrations constitute an important factor in the social and economic development of local communities, especially in the day and age of society ageing and lengthening life expectancy.