bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTERVERTEBRAL VEINS DIRECTLY CONNECTING THE VERTEBRAL VENOUS SYSTEM TO THE AZYGOS VENOUS SYSTEM RATHER THAN THE PROXIMAL END OF THE POSTERIOR INTERCOSTAL VEINS. Venas intervertebrales conectando directamente el sistema venoso vertebral al sistema venoso
Authors: Dahran Naief , Soames Roger 
Published: March 2020

La estructura de las venas de la cavidad torácica varía significativamente en función de sus conexiones. Treinta cadáveres embalsamados con la técnica de Thiel fueron disecados (18 mujeres, 12 hombres), con edades comprendidas entre 48 y 98 años (media 81.3±12.40). Los pulmones, el corazón, la aorta torácica, el esófago y la pleura parietal fueron cuidadosamente retirados para permitir la visualización de las venas ácigos, hemiácigos y hemiácigos accesoria así como el conducto torácico. En la mayoría de los especímenes (21) se encontró que las venas intervertebrales estaban directamente conectadas con el sistema venoso ácigos en vez de con la parte terminal proximal de las venas intercostales posteriores. Se observó también que dicha distribución es más común en el lado derecho, pero no en todos los niveles vertebrales. Estas conexiones podrían jugar un rol en la regulación del volúmen de sangre entre los sistemas venosos ácigos y vertebral: también podrían actuar como vías metastásicas entre las regiones torácica y abdominal. Dado que su aspecto es bastante similar al de los vasos intercostales posteriores, es importante que los cirujanos sean conscientes de esta variación para evitar lesiones que induzcan hematomas postoperatorios. Veins in the thoracic cavity are highly variable in terms of their communications. Thirty Thiel-embalmed cadavers were dissected (18 females and 12 males), ranging in age from 48 to 98 years old (mean 81.3±12.40). The lungs, heart, thoracic aorta, oesophagus and parietal pleura were removed carefully to expose the azygos, hemiazygos, accessory hemiazygos veins and thoracic duct. In most specimens (21) intervertebral veins were connected directly to the azygos venous systems rather than the proximal end of the posterior intercostal veins. This presentation was observed to be more common on the right side, but not at all vertebral levels. These communications could play a role in regulating blood volume between the azygos and vertebral venous systems; they may also act as metastatic pathways between the thoracic and abdominal regions. As they mimic posterior intercostal vessels, it is important for surgeons to be aware of this variation to avoid injuries leading to postoperative hematomas.
EVALUATION OF ACROMIAL GEOMETRY IN RELATION TO THE CUFF TEARS ON THIEL-EMBALMED CADAVERS USING 3D MICROSCRIBE DIGITIZER. Evaluación de la geometría acromial en relación a la ruptura del manguito rotador en cadáveres embalsamados según la técnica de Thiel
Authors: Alobaidy Mohammad A , Alraddadi Abdulrahman S , Soames Roger W 
Published: March 2020

Objetivo: El propósito del presente estudio es evaluar la geometría del acromion en relación con las ruptura del manguito de los rotadores. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron 30 pares de escápulas, 20 del sexo femenino y 10 del sexo masculino, con una edad promedio de 82 años (con intervalo de 62 a 101 años). Las escápulas fueron escaneadas y las mediciones se realizaron con un digitalizador Microscribe 3D y el software de rinoceronte. Principales Resultados: La media encontrada para el ángulo de inclinación acromial y la vertiente fueron 38,70 ± 5,91° y 48,87 ± 9,94° respectivamente. La media de los ángulos acromial lateral y acromio-glenoideo fueron 81,13 ± 8,72° y 182,80 ± 12,09°, respectivamente. Las distancias entre el acromial (la extremidad anterior y posterior) y el glenoideo fueron 28,7 ± 3,77 mm y 20,75 ± 4,45 mm, respectivamente. Los ángulos entre el acromion y la glena son más grandes en el lado izquierdo en comparación con el lado derecho, 186.49° y 179,16° (P <0.05). La distancia entre el acromial posterior y el glenoideo mostró una diferencia significativa (P <0,05) entre los sexos (23,13 mm para el sexo femenino y 26,37 mm para el sexo masculino). Conclusión: No hubo diferencias significativas en relación a las roturas del manguito de los rotadores. La comprensión de la geometría del acromion es importante para mejorar las técnicas quirúrgicas en la cirugía del hombro. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate acromion geometry in relation to rotator cuff tears. Materials and Methods: Thirty pairs of scapulae from 20 females and 10 males, average age 82 years (range 62 to 101 years), were scanned and measurements taken using a 3D microscribe digitizer and Rhino software. Main Results: The mean angles of acromion tilt and slope were 38.70± 5.91° and 48.87± 9.94° respectively, while those for lateral acromial and acromial to glenoid were 81.13± 8.72° and 182.80± 12.09°, respectively. The acromial (anterior and posterior tip) to glenoid distances were 28.7 ± 3.77 mm and 20.75 ± 4.45 mm, respectively. Left shoulders also were showed higher angles (P<0.05) of the acromion to glenoid than right, 186.49° and 179.16°. Posterior acromial to glenoid distance showed a significant difference (P<0.05) between females and males, 23.13 mm and 26.37 mm, respectively. Conclusion: There were no significant differences in relation to rotator cuff tears. Understanding the geometry of the acromion will improve surgical intervention in shoulder surgery
Peculiarities of apple fruiting on the lower terrace of the Krutovsky Botanical Garden
Authors: Repyakh M. V. 
Published: March 2020

The paper provides an assessment of the frequency of apple fruiting of different maturation periods growing on the lower terrace of the Vs. M. Krutovsky Botanical garden in the period from 2015 to 2018 according to the following parameters: the number of fruit-bearing trees, the number of fruits on the tree, yield. In the conditions of the Botanical garden, located in the green zone of Krasnoyarsk, the timing of the onset of removable fruit maturity varies significantly. The variability of the fruit formation period depends on the weather conditions in the summer and primarily on the temperature regime. The optimal time for collecting varieties of the summer ripening period is August, and for winter varieties is September, since by this time the fruits of these groups acquire a characteristic color and size. It was found that during the research period, most of the trees of the presented varieties fruited annually. Varieties and individual specimens with an annual plentiful fruiting and maximum fruit weight of fruits are selected: Bismark, Belyy Naliv, General Orlov, Grushovka moskovskaya, Zolotoy Ship, Papirovka, which is a positive factor in a sharply continental climate. It was found that in Siberia, varieties adapted to the European zone have successfully adapted and can be grown in these and similar climatic conditions and can be recommended for further breeding.
Peculiarities of the phytosanitary state of pome fruits in industrial horticulture
Authors: Antonenko V. V. , Zubkov A. V. , Kruchina S. N. 
Published: March 2020

Data were obtained on the basis of the results of research carried out on the territory of the educational and experimental farm of the Timiryazev State Agrarian University, in Moscow during 2018-2019. As a result of the surveys, the most dangerous diseases and pests of pome crops on the territory of this farm were established. The most resistant apple and pear varieties to major diseases have been identified. Peculiarities of development of alternariosis on pear are described, the harmfulness of the disease on pear and apple seedlings is noted. A possible role in the transfer of alternariosis infection from garden-protective plantations and weed vegetation to fruit trees was noted. A possible role has been established in the transport of septoriosis, powdery dew infection from dicotyledonous weeds plants. The peculiarities of the spread of infection under the influence of wind direction are noted. The results and peculiarities of the application of various methods of scaring birds in the orchard are presented. As a result of route surveys the most harmful weed plants have been identified. The possibility of using herbicides of different mechanism of action in fruit gardens for weed control has been studied. High efficiency and relative safety of application of herbicides of contact action in nursery fields, operational orchards and for control of piglets on fruit trees are shown. Recommendations are given for the use of soil and systemic herbicides of soil in seedlings beds, the first and second fields of the nursery, as well as in the process of production of large-scale planting material and operational orchards of fruit crops. The safety of the herbicides in question is established when used in accordance with the recommended methods of use.
Peculiarities of studying the gene pool and breeding of triticale in the Central region of the non-chernozem zone
Authors: Medvedev A. M. , Nardid A. V. , Kuzmich M. A. , Kuzmich L. S. 
Published: March 2020

The article considers the results of experiments on the study and selection of sources of valuable features from the world collection. The aim of the research is to create new varieties of winter triticale with high features of productivity (over 12 t/ha) and grain quality in comparison with the Victor and Hermes standards. Special attention in the experiments is paid to the search for genotypes that are promising for use in breeding programs for different types of crossing, obtaining hybrid populations, identifying forms, lines with a complex of economically useful features. Breeders of Federal Research Center “Nemchinovka” for a number of years received varieties of winter triticale, competitive in Russia and abroad, able to form a crop of more than 10 t\ha of quality grain. However, their disadvantages are tallness, susceptibility to dangerous diseases (snow mold, septoriosis), and significant variability in grain harvest over the years (2.9). The authors have identified sources of economic and valuable features from the collection of N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. This includes the winter-hardy variety Tsekad 90, drought-resistant Doctrina 110, short-stemmed Legion, Kentavr, yielding large-grain Efremovskaya, etc., successfully used in breeding. Highly productive lines have been created (No.6 408-19-71, No.618-176, No.878-1-25, No.690-1-19) and varieties (Gera, Kapella, Arktur) with a fixed grain harvest of more than 10t\ ha, adaptive to the natural conditions of the non-Chernozem zone and the middle Volga region.
Classrooms for Consumer Society: Practical Education and Secondary School Reform in Post-Second World War Canada
Authors: Rollwagen Katharine 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTYoung people’s intersecting roles as students, workers, and shoppers have received little attention from historians, who have focused on young people as either students or workers. This paper begins to examine these roles by analyzing the efforts of the Canadian Education Association to define and promote practical education in the late 1940s. The Canadian Research Committee on Practical Education solicited industry and business perspectives and surveyed students that were leaving school before graduation. The committee’s work and the discussion it generated reveal a desire to make secondary schools more profitable and palatable for Canadian teenagers. Educators and industry leaders wanted the post-war high school to serve all young Canadians by catering to their interests, keeping them in school, and preparing them to be both workers and consumers upon graduation.RÉSUMÉLes jeunes comme groupe peuvent se définir selon trois caractéristiques : élèves, travailleurs et consommateurs. Cette façon de concevoir la jeunesse n’a reçu que peu d’attention de la part des historiens. Ces derniers ont étudié les jeunes soit comme élèves ou soit comme travailleurs. Cet article s’intéresse à ces trois caractéristiques en s’intéressant aux actions entreprises par l’Association canadienne d’éducation. L’auteure analyse les efforts de cette dernière pour définir et promouvoir les arts et métiers en éducation à la fin des années 1940. Le Comité de recherche canadien sur l’éducation pratique a sollicité l’aide des industries et des maisons d’affaires pour recenser les élèves qui quittaient l’école avant la fin de leurs études. Le travail du comité et les discussions qui s’ensuivirent ont révélé le besoin de rendre les écoles secondaires plus utiles et plus attirantes pour les adolescents canadiens. Les éducateurs et les chefs d’entreprises souhaitaient que l’école secondaire d’après-guerre soit utile aux jeunes Canadiens ; ils désiraient susciter leurs intérêts, les garder à l’école et les préparer à devenir des travailleurs et des consommateurs une fois leurs études terminées.
ANALISIS KECELAKAAN KERJA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HFACS PADA PT. X
Authors: Ratriwardhani Ratna Ayu 
Published: March 2020

PT. X merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang fabrikasi dan manufaktur penghasil boiler yang terletak di Surabaya Jawa Timur. Sesuai dengan data laporan kecelakaan yang didokumentasikan oleh Environment Health Safety Officer (EHS) PT. X selama tahun 2015-2019 terdapat 50 kasus kecelakaan. Dari beberapa kasus yang telah terdokumentasi oleh EHS tersebut, terdapat beragam penyebab, ada beberapa kasus kecelakaan yang terjadi berulang kali dengan penyebab yang hampir sama. Bahkan telah dilakukan investigasi setelah terjadinya kecelakaan namun kecelakaan masih saja berulang. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa terdapat faktor lain yang tidak teridentifikasi atau adanya rekomendasi yang tidak efektif dari analisa yang telah dilakukan. Metode Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) adalah suatu alat analisa kecelakaan yang digunakan untuk menganalisa suatu kecelakaan pada aspek Human Factor. Metode ini dikembangkan oleh Wiegmann dan Shappell pada tahun 2003. Metode ini didasarkan oleh model Swiss Cheese. Hasil analisis kecelakaan menggunakan metode HFACS, telah dibuktikan bahwa kecelakaan yang terjadi dikarenakan adanya kegagalan pada tindakan tidak aman yaitu kesalahan yang terjadi karena skill, kesalahan pengambilan keputusan, salah persepsi, pelanggaran yang dilakukan secara rutin, pelanggaran luar biasa. Berikutnya, kegagalan pada pre kondisi untuk tindakan tidak aman yaitu lingkungan fisik, lingkungan kerja (teknologi), crew resource management, mental yang merugikan perusahaan, fisik yang merugikan perusahaan. Selanjutnya, pada tahapan pengawasan yang membahayakan yaitu pengawasan yang tidak memadai, pengawasan yang gagal untuk mengetahui masalah, pelanggaran pengawasan. Tahapan yang terakhir adalah organisasi yaitu sumber daya manajemen, dan proses dalam organisasi. Hasil uji koefisien kontingensi terdapat asosiasi pada tahapan sumber daya manajemen dan pelanggaran pengawasan. Hasil uji kontingensi menunjukkan bahwa pada kasus ini hampir semua kegagalan mempengaruhi kegagalan di tingkat lain. Dengan demikian maka sebaiknya tidak hanya manajemen yang dikontrol, melainkan semua elemen yang berpengaruh harus tetap dikontrol sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya kecelakaan yang disebabkan oleh human error.
KECACINGAN DAN STATUS GIZI PADA BALITA, DI KABUPATEN ENDE NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR TAHUN 2018
Authors: Sudirman Agus 
Published: March 2020

Latar Belakang: Penurunan prevalensi balita pendek (stunting) dan pengendalian penyakit menular merupakan salah satu fokus pemerintah dalam pembangunan kesehatan periode tahun 2015-2019. Status gizi balita pendek (sangat pendek dan pendek) di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 sebesar 37,2%, menunjukkan penurunan yang tidak signifikan jika dibandingkan dengan persentase tahun 2010 sebesar 35,6% dan tahun 2007 sebesar 36,8%. Tujuan:. untuk mengetahui gambaran kecacingan dan status gizi pada balita di Kabupaten Ende Nusa Tenggara Timur tahun 2018 Metode: Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh balita yang tinggal di Kabupaten Ende Nusa Tenggara Timur. Responden pada penelitian ini sebanyak 258 balita. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian observasional dengan design penelitian croes sectional. Hasil: Jumlah balita yang kecacingan adalah 19 balita atau 7,36% dari 258 balita. Sebanyak 19 balita yang mengalami kecacingan, 1 balita (0,38%) status gizi sangat kurus dan 4 balita (1,55%) status gizi kurus. Jumlah balita yang mengalami stunting 8 balita (3.10 %). Kesimpulan: Balita dengan kecacingan didominasi balita perempuan, yang berusia 1-2 tahun dengan status gizi normal dan tidak mengalami stunting.
Kulturowe role płci i dzietność w Polsce i Norwegii
Authors: Kocot-Górecka Katarzyna 
Published: March 2020

Changing gender roles are increasingly considered as a driving factor of both fertility decline in European countries and its recovery in some of these countries. The fertility decline is attributed to the first stage of the gender revolution when increasing women’s labour force participation is accompanied by some progress in gender equality in the public sphere while in the family life a gender asymmetry remains. During the second stage of the gender revolution the progress towards new roles of men and women in the private sphere takes place – they both are considered as economic providers and careers and share work and family responsibilities (e.g. McDonald 2000b, Goldscheider, Bernhardt, Lappegård 2015, Esping-Andersen, Billari 2015).
The article compares on-going changes in gender roles in Poland and Norway, two countries which are at different stages of this process, and their interplay with fertility (mean number of children and intensions about the second and third child). Attitudes towards gender equality are studied by taking into account views on this issue on one side and sharing care and housework on the other. Data come from the first round of the Generations and Gender Survey. The study has been performed for respondents aged 20–44, living together with a partner and children under 14 years of age.
The descriptive analyses showed that Poles are not only less advanced in gender role changes in two gender dimensions studied: their views on gender roles are more traditional than Norwegian ones, women’s share in family duties is higher contrary to men who contribute less to family responsibilities than women and men in Norway. There is also a higher variation of views and practices among Poles.
In Poland and Norway, egalitarian men participate more in family duties than those who declare traditional views, while egalitarian women are less burdened by home work and care. However, in Norway there is remarkably more egalitarian women with low and medium share of domestic duties in parallel to more numerous egalitarian men who take a great share of family responsibilities.
More egalitarian respondents have fewer children than the traditional ones in both countries. However, the mean number of children among this group of respondents in Norway is higher than in Poland. Moreover, women in both countries are less inclined to declare intensions to have a second or third child when they participate more in care and domestic duties. This relationship has been found for men in Norway as well.
Zmiana liczby zgonów i trwania życia w latach 2016–2018. Przyczynek do analizy zgonów w Polsce
Authors: Wróblewska Wiktoria 
Published: March 2020

Since the 1990s, life expectancy at birth in Poland has increased by over three months on average each year for both sexes. However, in recent years there has been a decrease in life expectancy, and the number of deaths increased by 6% for men and 8% for women between 2016 and 2018.
The aim of this study is to identify the subpopulations most sensitive to the recent changes in mortality in Poland. The increase in deaths is described with regard to changes in age distribution of the population and age at death contributing to life expectancy changes in recent years is analysed. The findings serve as a basis for making references to theoretical knowledge and proposals for future research directions as well as recommendations for public statistics and social policy.
The increase in the number of deaths is a new phenomenon that cannot be accounted for by the size differences between the cohorts born between the two world wars and during the Second World War or the ageing of the baby-boom generations. The greatest contributors to the decreasing life expectancy are deaths at older age. This and the fast growing population aged 85 years and more indicate a need to devote more research attention to analysing mortality in the oldest age groups. It is also emphasised that the elderly are potentially the most prone to various threats associated with an excessive number of deaths, including inadequate health care funding.
Family life as an area of emotional work and investments: an analysis from the perspective of sociology of mental health
Authors: Frąckowiak-Sochańska Monika 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this paper is to analyse and interpret family life as an area of individuals’ emotional work and investments. The perspective of the above mentioned analysis is designated by the sociology of mental health. Relationships within a family have undeniable influence on the state of people’s mental health. These relationships can be a source of support as well as emotional burden. Families can either compensate for the social stress individuals experience due to processes at the macro level or enhance the emotional tension resulting from social stress. The main method used in this study is meta-analysis of epidemiological and clinical data concerning the mental health of the global (WHO) and Polish population (EZOP-Poland) and my own research – a nationwide, representative survey (N=1,000) carried out in Poland, which was part of a broader theoretical and empirical project devoted to the process of social construction of the categories of mental health, disease and disorder in late modern society. I also refer to my qualitative research including twenty in-depth interviews with psychologists, psychiatrists and psychotherapists who had experience in carrying out family, couples and individual therapy. The research objective was to find out whether and in what way some issues described from the socio-cultural perspective manifest themselves in the form of problems with which people turn to psychotherapists.
The analysis and interpretation of data from the above mentioned sources enable us to put forward a thesis that living within a family entails not necessarily an alternative (either emotional burden or support), but a conjunction (both emotional burden and support). In this context the practical solutions that enable families to protect and strengthen the individual’s mental health should be searched for.
Якість пилку та насіння інтродукованих видів сосни в умовах ДП «Киівська ЛНДС»
Authors: Shlonchak G. A. , Shlonchak A. V. , Bazan T. A. 
Published: March 2020

Наведено результати дослідження якості пилку 18 видів сосни 37-річного віку на пінетумі Старопетрівського лісництва ДП «Київська ЛНДС». Із 29 посаджених видів роду Pinus дотепер зберіглося 20. Усі види сосни, представлені на пінетумі, «цвітуть». Природно-кліматичні умови регіону сприяють утворенню життєздатного пилку (65,9–99,8 %) з незначною кількістю аномальних пилкових зерен.
У процесі пророщування пилку виявлено відхилення від норми у вигляді двох пилкових трубок майже у всіх видів сосни. Життєздатність пилку інтродукованих видів сосни та інтенсивність росту пилкових трубок пов’язані між собою. Якість пилку не є причиною низького виходу виповненого насіння. Виявлено, що на пінетумі ДП «Київська ЛНДС» дерева-інтродуценти не утворюють достатньої кількості якісного насіння.