bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topical fibroblast growth factor‐2 for treatment of chronic tympanic membrane perforations
Authors: Santos Felipe , Shu Edina , Lee Daniel J. , Jung David H. , Quesnel Alicia M. , Stankovic Konstantina M. , Abdul‐Aziz Dunia E. , Bay Camden P. , Quinkert Amy , Welling D. Bradley 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) in treating chronic nonhealing tympanic membrane (TM) perforations.MethodDouble‐blinded, randomized placebo controlled phase 2 clinical trial for patients with chronic TM perforations of more than 3 months duration with a cross‐over arm. Patients received either FGF‐2 or placebo (sterile water) saturated gelatin sponge in the perforation after rimming the perforation under topical anesthesia. The perforation was then covered with Tisseel fibrin glue. The primary endpoint was complete closure of the TM perforation. Secondary end points included change in hearing and partial TM closure rates. The TM was examined every 3 weeks with otoendoscopy for closure. The treatment was repeated if there was incomplete closure every 3 weeks up to a total of three treatments per arm.ResultsSeventy four patients were recruited for the study. Fifty seven met eligibility criteria and fifty four completed the study. Ten of 14 perforations closed completely in the placebo group (71.4%) and 23 of 40 perforations closed completely in the FGF‐2 treatment group (57.5%), P value = .36. Pure tone averages and word recognition scores were not statistically significantly different between study groups post‐treatment. After initial complete closure, re‐perforation occurred in seven FGF‐2 treated patients and two placebo patients making the effective final closure rate 40% for FGF and 57% for placebo, respectively.ConclusionNo statistically significant difference in tympanic membrane perforation closure rate was found between the FGF‐2 and placebo groups. There were no differences in hearing outcomes between the groups.Level of evidence1b.
Relationship of Cerebrospinal Fluid Vitamin B12 Status Markers With Parkinson's Disease Progression
Authors: Christine Chadwick W. , Auinger Peggy , Saleh Nasrin , Tian Miao , Bottiglieri Teodoro , Arning Erland , Tran Nam K. , Ueland Per Magne , Green Ralph ,   the Parkinson Study Group—DATATOP Investigators
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundUsing blood specimens from untreated early Parkinson's disease (PD) patients from the DATATOP trial, we found that subjects in the low serum vitamin B12 tertile experienced greater annualized change in ambulatory capacity score, whereas those with moderately elevated (>15 μmol/L) total homocysteine had greater annualized declines in the Mini‐Mental State Exam.MethodsIn this this study we sought to determine whether levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) B12 markers were also associated with progression of PD.ResultsThe annualized change in the UPDRS “walking” item, a component of the ambulatory capacity score, was worse in the low B12 tertile. No association with change in the Mini‐Mental State Exam was seen for those 7% with the highest baseline CSF total homocysteine.ConclusionsIn these untreated early‐PD subjects, low CSF B12 predicted greater worsening of the UPDRS “walking” item, whereas CSF total homocysteine was not associated with progression of cognitive impairment. These findings extend and partially support our findings in serum. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Acromicric dysplasia with stiff skin syndrome‐like severe cutaneous presentation in an 8‐year‐old boy with a missense FBN1 mutation: Case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Tao , Yang Yuyan , Dong Qi , Zhu Huijuan , Liu Yuehua 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcromicric dysplasia is a rare heritable short‐stature syndrome with joint stiffness and varying degrees of cutaneous hardness. Stiff skin syndrome is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by diffusely thick and hard skin from the time of birth. Heterozygous point mutations in the FBN1 have been proposed as the predominant cause of both diseases.MethodsBy performing skin biopsy, X‐ray imaging, electrocardiography, as well as whole‐genome sequencing and Sanger sequencing, we diagnosed an 8‐year‐old Chinese boy as acromicric dysplasia with severe skin stiffness caused by a heterogeneous mutation in the FBN1.ResultsThe patient presented with skin tightness, wrist and ankle stiffness, short stature and limbs, several deformed joints in the extremities, cone‐shaped epiphyses, and distinct facial features. He also had a patent foramen ovale and frequent respiratory infections. Skin biopsy showed thickened dermis and excessive collagen aggregation. Alcian blue staining indicated dermal mucopolysaccharide deposition. Mutation analysis revealed a heterozygous missense mutation, c.5243G>A (p.Cys1748Tyr), in exon 42 of the FBN1.ConclusionThis is a report about acromicric dysplasia with stiff skin syndrome‐like severe cutaneous presentation caused by a single hotspot mutation, further revealing the gene pleiotropy of FBN1.
Wideband and compact rat‐race coupler for fifth‐generation N77/N78/N79 applications
Authors: Zhou Bo , Zhang Ziyang , Li Changkun , Qian Li , Wang Yunheng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA wideband and compact rat‐race coupler that covers 3 to 5 GHz is proposed for the fifth‐generation new radio N77/N78/N79 applications. The wideband characteristic is obtained by using cascaded two‐section topology and broadside‐coupled lines at each input/output port. Miniaturization of two‐section rings is achieved using meander microstrip lines. A fractional bandwidth of 50% and a size reduction of 60% are both reached. Good in‐phase and out‐of‐phase characteristics are obtained as well. The circuit can be easily fabricated using conventional printed circuit board process and suitable for mass production.
Model reduction for nonlinear multiscale parabolic problems using dynamic mode decomposition
Authors: Jiang Lijian , Li Mengnan 
Published: May 2020

SummaryIn this article, a model reduction technique is presented to solve nonlinear multiscale parabolic problems using dynamic mode decomposition. The multiple scales and nonlinearity bring great challenges for simulating the problems. To overcome this difficulty, we develop a model reduction method for the nonlinear multiscale dynamic problems by integrating constraint energy minimizing generalized multiscale finite element method (CEM‐GMsFEM) with dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). CEM‐GMsFEM has shown great efficiency to solve linear multiscale problems in a coarse space. However, using CEM‐GMsFEM to directly solve multiscale nonlinear parabolic models involves dynamically computing the residual and the Jacobian on a fine grid. This may be very computationally expensive because the evaluation of the nonlinear term is implemented in a high‐dimensional fine scale space. As a data‐driven method, DMD can use observation data and give an explicit expression to accurately describe the underlying nonlinear dynamic system. To efficiently compute the multiscale nonlinear parabolic problems, we propose a CEM‐DMD model reduction by combing CEM‐GMsFEM and DMD. The CEM‐DMD reduced model is a coarsen linear model, which avoids the nonlinear solver in the fine space. It is crucial to judiciously choose observation in DMD. Only proper observation can render an accurate DMD model. In the context of CEM‐DMD, we introduce two different observations: fine scale observation and coarse scale observation. In the construction of DMD model, the coarse scale observation requires much less computation than the fine scale observation. The CEM‐DMD model using the coarse scale observation gives a complete coarse model for the nonlinear multiscale dynamic systems and significantly improves the computation efficiency. To show the performance of the CEM‐DMD using the different observations, we present a few numerical results for the nonlinear multiscale parabolic problems in heterogeneous porous media.
Predicting physical activity and cardiovascular risk and quality of life in adults with osteoarthritis at risk for metabolic syndrome: A test of the information‐motivation‐behavioral skills model
Authors: Kim Chun‐Ja , Kang Hee Sun , Kim Jung Suk , Won Ye Yeon , Schlenk Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo examine a hypothetical model of physical activity and health outcomes (cardiovascular risk and quality of life) based on the information–motivation–behavioural skills model in adults.DesignA cross‐sectional survey.MethodsA total of 165 adults with osteoarthritis at risk for metabolic syndrome were recruited between October 2016 and September 2017 from the outpatient clinic in South Korea. Data were collected on the model constructs such as cognitive function, social support, depressive symptoms, barriers to self‐efficacy, physical activity and quality of life. A hypothetical model was tested using the AMOS 25.0 program.ResultsCognitive function and barriers to self‐efficacy had a direct effect on physical activity. Physical activity had a direct effect on cardiovascular risk, while social support and depressive symptoms had a direct effect on quality of life.ConclusionsThe information–motivation–behavioural skills model can predict physical activity and, in turn, cardiovascular risk and quality of life in adults with osteoarthritis at risk for metabolic syndrome.
Comparison of depth of cure in opaque sealant cured with high irradiance light‐emitting diodes at various light tip distances
Authors: Cloud Corey J. , Tantbirojn Daranee , Wells Martha H. , Versluis Antheunis 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate depth of cure of an opaque sealant when light cured from increasing tip distances with high irradiance light‐emitting diode (LED) curing units.MethodsUltraseal XT Plus opaque sealant was cured in a 2 × 2 × 5 mm covered slot mold using LEDs in high irradiance (VALO, SmartLite) or regular mode (Demi Ultra). Curing durations were 9, 15, and 20 seconds for the VALO, SmartLite, and Demi Ultra, respectively. The light tip was placed at three distances from the sealant surface (0, 3, and 5 mm; N = 10/group). Depth of cure was determined at the sealant surface and at 0.5 mm increments using Vicker's hardness (VHN). Results were statistically analyzed using two‐way ANOVA and multiple comparisons (α = 0.05).ResultsDepth of cure was significantly affected by the LEDs and light tip distance. At 0.5 mm below the surface, most combinations resulted in hardness higher than 80% of the surface value, except for SmartLite at 3 and 5 mm tip distances and VALO at 5 mm tip distance. Regardless of the tip distance, VALO and Demi Ultra achieved similar VHN values through 1.5 mm depth.ConclusionsIt is not likely that sealant is adequately cured with LEDs, even for those in high power mode, when the light tip is moved away from the surface due to lower radiant exposure.
A Shell‐by‐Shell Approach for Synthesis of Mesoporous Multi‐Shelled Hollow MOFs for Catalytic Applications
Authors: Sun Bo , Zeng Hua Chun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOver the past two decades, advanced materials with hollow interiors have received significant attention in materials research owing to their great application potential across a vast number of technological fields. Though with great difficulty, multi‐shelled hollow metal–organic frameworks (MSHMs) have also been successfully synthesized in recent years. Herein, a rational shell‐by‐shell soft‐templating protocol has been devised to fabricate highly uniform multi‐shelled hollow cobalt‐imidazole‐based MOF (ZIF‐67). For the first time, it has become possible to endow mesoporosity to this new type of functional material (i.e., mesoporous MOFs). When used as carrier materials in catalytic reactions, in principle, these mesoporous MSHMs with high surface area not only improve the dispersity of metal nanoparticles (NPs), but also efficiently facilitate the mass diffusion of the reactions, resulting in enhanced catalyst activity. Moreover, the obtained MSHMs/M nanocomposites serve as base‐metal bifunctional catalysts for one‐pot oxidation‐Knoevenagel condensation cascade reaction, in which the MSHMs itself serves as a pristine active catalyst in addition to its role of catalyst support. The results demonstrate that excellent multifunctional catalysts can be achieved via preparing intrinsically microporous bulk MOFs into extrinsically mesoporous MSHMs which possess many structural merits that conventional bulk MOFs do not have.
2,4,6‐Triamino‐1,3,5‐Trinitrobenzene Explosive Wastewater Treatment by Hydrodynamic Cavitation Combined with Chlorine Dioxide
Authors: Wang Kun , Jin Riya , Qiao Yina , He Zengdi , Wang Xiaojian , Wang Chaoqi , Lu Yanrong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA large amount of wastewater is produced in the process of 2,4,6‐Triamino‐1,3,5‐trinitrobenzene (TATB) production, which is harmful to the environment and human health. In this work, the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from TATB wastewater was investigated by using hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), and the combination of the HC and ClO2. We explored the effects of different operating parameters on extent of degradation including time (10–60 min), concentration of ClO2 (25–150 mg/L) and initial pH (6, 9.25). The result showed that the reduction of COD from explosive wastewater with initial concentration of 5407 mg COD/L was 65.9 % after a 60 min treatment with a ClO2 dosage of 150 mg/L at a pH of 6. The COD removal process by the HC/ClO2 conforms to a pseudo‐first‐order kinetic equation with a reaction rate of 20.8×10−3 min−1. We were able to determine that the HC/ClO2 method has a synergistic effect on TATB wastewater treatment with a synergetic coefficient of 3.01. By comparing the cavitational yield and cost of each process, the HC/ClO2 has a higher energy efficiency (26.78×10−3 mg/J). In conclusion, the HC/ClO2 composite process is more economical, effective, and suitable for large‐scale commercial operations.
Synthesis of Functional 2‐Substituted 1,3‐Dinitroimidazolidines
Authors: Sysolyatin Sergey V. , Paromov Artyom E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThree new functional 2‐substituted 1,3‐dinitroimidazolidines were synthesized herein. A synthetic strategy is suggested for structurally different α,α‐dinitraminocarboxylic acids via condensation of glyoxylic acid ethyl ester with amine or amide derivatives. Alkali‐ and acid‐catalyzed hydrolyses of ethyl 1,3‐dinitroimidazolidine‐2‐carboxylate were studied. A series of hydrolysis products were isolated. The Curtius rearrangement of 1,3‐dinitroimidazolidine‐2‐carboxylic acid to 2‐isocyanato‐1,3‐dinitroimidazolidine was carried out. Hydrolyses of 1,3‐dinitroimidazolidine‐2‐carbonyl azide and 2‐isocyanato‐1,3‐dinitroimidazolidine were studied. 1,3‐Dinitroimidazolidine‐2‐amine was captured as 1,3‐bis(1,3‐dinitroimidazolidin‐2‐yl)urea.
Enhancing resistance of Sesamum indicum against Alternaria sesami through Bacillus velezensisAR1
Authors: Bayisa Regassa Ayana 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDConsiderable yield loss and poor quality of sesame seed are attributed to fungal pathogens including Alternaria sesami. The use of agrochemicals and few biocontrol agents have been employed to at least minimize the problem. Thus, this research work was initiated to mitigate the impact of the disease using Bacillus velezensis AR1. A total of four treatments, A. sesami alone, sole fungicide, AR1, and alternate application of AR1 with dithianon (fungicide) were applied with six replications.RESULTSThe results indicate that the sole and alternate application of AR1 with fungicide reduced disease severity to less than 10%. Plant physiological traits also improved due to the plant growth promoting AR1. Induced plant defense‐related biochemicals, i.e. total phenolic and flavonoid contents, were maximum in the plant subjected to AR1 and alternate application with a fungicide. In addition, the concentration of leaf amino acid proline was doubled due to AR1 compared to the control. The concentration of the plant growth‐regulating hormones gibberellic acid and indole acetic acid (IAA), as well as leaf chlorophyll, total nitrogen and phosphorus contents were also significantly increased by 203.86, 7.79, 0.31 mg gFW−1, 0.15 and 0.13%, respectively, due to the treatments. Furthermore, postharvest soil chitinase, cellulase and 1,3‐β‐glucanase activity results indicated the biological control and rapid soil colonization trends of AR1.CONCLUSIONFrom these in vitro and in vivo experiment findings, B. velezensis AR1 can be recommended for biological control of plant fungal diseases for environmentally safe and quality crop production. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Internal migration in Northern Ireland: Are people becoming more stuck in place?
Authors: Shuttleworth Ian , Foley Brian , Champion Tony 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe analysis uses the Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study to explore migration trends from 2001 to 2015. Its contributions are to extend this analysis to the period after the 2011 Census, to use administrative data to measure migration not as a transition between places but as (potentially) multiple events over the full 2001–2015 period over different distance bands, to add to the UK evidence base on internal migration trends, and to show how long‐term trends appear to override economic cyclical effects. The results show that internal migration rates over all distance bands fell from 2001 onward, continuing a decline in migration between Super Output Areas recorded since 1981, the first date for which there are data. This indicates that Northern Ireland, despite its unique political and social history, has not been immune to the long‐term migration decline observed elsewhere in Great Britain and other countries such as the United States. The only caveat to this is that when moves from Northern Ireland to other places are included in the long‐distance band of 50 km or more then long‐distance migration returns to near its 2001–2003 level by 2013. The analysis also shows that the same personal characteristics as elsewhere are related to different frequencies and distances of moving.
Ultrasonographic measurement of the thickness of cervical oesophagus layers in the reflux oesophagitis: Association with clinical findings
Authors: Yalcin Ahmet , Taydas Onur , Koc Ural , Aydinli Onur 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to evaluate the oesophagus of patients with reflux oesophagitis using ultrasonography and sought associations between the measurements of the mucosa, submucosa and muscularis propria, and endoscopic and clinical findings.MethodsThirty‐nine patients with endoscopically proven reflux oesophagitis and 19 patients with negative endoscopy for oesophagitis were included in the study. Two radiologists assessed the cervical oesophagus at the level of the thyroid gland. The data belonging to the ultrasonographic assessment of the patient group were compared to those of the controls.ResultsThe muscular, submucosal and mucosal thicknesses of the cervical oesophagus measured by two observers significantly differed between the patient and control groups. The P‐values for mucosa, submucosa and muscularis propria were .02, <.001 and <.001, respectively for observer 1, .004, .001 and <.001, respectively for observer 2. The regression analysis showed that among the symptoms of heartburn, regurgitation and dysphagia, heartburn was independently associated with decreased mucosal and submucosal thicknesses of the oesophagus.DiscussionOur findings confirmed that the layers of oesophagus in the gastroesophageal reflux disease were thicker compared to those of healthy people. We also found that heartburn was associated with decreased thicknesses of mucosal and submucosal layers in patients.
Stress tensor and gradient of hydrostatic pressure in the contact plane of axisymmetric bodies under normal and tangential loading
Authors: Willert Emanuel , Forsbach Fabian , Popov Valentin L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe Hertzian contact theory, as well as most of the other classical theories of normal and tangential contact, provides displacements and the distribution of normal and tangential stress components directly in the contact surface. However, other components of the full stress tensor in the material may essentially influence the material behaviour in contact. Of particular interest are principal stresses and the equivalent von Mises stress, as well as the gradient of the hydrostatic pressure. For many engineering and biomechanical problems, it would be important to find these stress characteristics at least in the contact plane. In the present paper, we show that the complete stress state in the contact plane can be easily found for axially symmetric contacts under very general assumptions. We provide simple explicit equations for all stress components and the normal component of the gradient of hydrostatic pressure in the form of one‐dimensional integrals.
Online Technology in Knowledge Transfer
Authors: Burgos Daniel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The transfer of knowledge entails a challenge for any research activity. It drives the promise and results towards implemented and replicable facts. The transfer is frequently crystallised in contracts and patents, but not solely: scientific communication, general publication, property rights, or public R&D + innovation projects generated in the heat of research are also transference products and tools. This article lays out the benefits and weaknesses of these devices, underlining the participation of technology, especially online tech, when appropriate. We found that there are a variety of resources for transference, and that technology is only valid in some of them.
Reinforced Limit of a MEMS Model with Heterogeneous Dielectric Properties
Authors: Laurençot Philippe , Nik Katerina , Walker Christoph 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA MEMS model with an insulating layer is considered and its reinforced limit is derived by means of a Gamma convergence approach when the thickness of the layer tends to zero. The limiting model inherits the dielectric properties of the insulating layer.