bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Children Born Preterm and Full-Term on the Autism Spectrum in a Prospective Community Sample
Authors: Luu Jenny , Jellett Rachel , Yaari Maya , Gilbert Melissa , Barbaro Josephine 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Previous research suggests children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD or “autism”) born extremely and very preterm face substantially delayed development than their peers born full-term. Further, children born preterm are proposed to show a unique behavioral phenotype, which may overlap with characteristics of autism, making it difficult to disentangle their clinical presentation. To clarify the presentation of autism in children born preterm, this study examined differences in key indicators of child development (expressive language, receptive language, fine motor, and visual reception) and characteristics of autism (social affect and repetitive, restricted behaviors).Materials and Methods: One fifty-eight children (136 full-term, twenty-two preterm) diagnosed with autism, aged 22–34 months, were identified prospectively using the Social Attention and Communication Surveillance tools during community-based, developmental surveillance checks in the second year of life. Those identified at “high likelihood” of an autism diagnosis were administered the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule.Results: The children born preterm and full-term did not differ significantly in their fine motor, visual reception, expressive language, or receptive language skills. No significant differences in social affect and repetitive and restrictive behavior traits were found.Discussion: The findings of this study differs from previous research where children diagnosed with autism born very or extremely preterm were developmentally delayed and had greater autistic traits than their term-born peers. These null findings may relate to the large proportion of children born moderate to late preterm in this sample. This study was unique in its use of a community-based, prospectively identified sample of children diagnosed with autism at an early age. It may be that children in these groups differ from clinic- and hospital-based samples, that potential differences emerge later in development, or that within the autism spectrum, children born preterm and full-term develop similarly. It was concluded that within the current sample, at 2 years of age, children diagnosed with autism born preterm are similar to their peers born full-term. Thus, when clinicians identify characteristics of autism in children born preterm, it is important to refer the child for a diagnostic assessment for autism.
Redefining Criteria to Ensure Adequate Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy With Dual Tracer for Breast Cancer
Authors: Xu Li , Yang Jiqiao , Du Zhenggui , Liang Faqing , Xie Yanyan , Long Quanyi , Chen Jie , Zeng Helin , Lv Qing 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundFor sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in patients with breast cancer, the dual tracer of blue dye and radioisotope with the 10% rule that all nodes with radioactive count of 10% or more of the hottest node ex vivo should be removed is widely accepted. However, the cut-off point of radioactivity is being questioned for possibly excessive removal of negative nodes.MethodsTo compare different percentile rules and optimize the criteria for identifying SLNs, we established a database which prospectively collected the radioactivity, status of blue dye and the pathological results of each SLN in breast cancer patients who successfully underwent SLNB with a combination of methylene blue and radioisotope.ResultsA total of 2,529 SLNs from 1,039 patients were identified from August 2010 to August 2019. 16.4% (414/2,529) positive nodes were removed at a cost of 83.6% (2115/2,529) negative nodes removed excessively. Up to 17.9% (375/2,115) negative nodes were removed as radioactively hot nodes without blue staining. By gradually increasing the threshold by each 10%, the number of negative nodes identified reduced by 18.2% (385/2,115) with only three node-positive patients (1.0%) missed to be identified using the “40% + blue” rule. In patients with ≥ 2 SLNs removed, 12.3% (238/1,942) negative nodes avoided unnecessary removal with only 0.8% (2/239) positive patients missed with the “hottest two + blue” rule.ConclusionsOur data indicated that the “40% + blue” rule or the “hottest two + blue” rule for SLNB with the dual tracer of blue dye and radioisotope may be considered as a potential alternative rule to minimize extra nodes resected. Nonetheless, it should be validated by prospective trials with long-term follow-up.
Asphyxiated Female and Male Newborn Piglets Have Similar Outcomes With Different Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Interventions
Authors: Kim Seung Yeon , Shim Gyu-Hong , O'Reilly Megan , Cheung Po-Yin , Lee Tze-Fun , Schmölzer Georg M. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Male newborns have a greater risk of poor cardiovascular and respiratory outcomes compared to females. The mechanisms associated with the “male disadvantage” remains unclear. We have previously shown no difference between male and female newborn piglets during hypoxia, asphyxia, resuscitation, and post-resuscitation recovery. However, it is unknown if there are differences in resuscitation outcomes between males and females during different cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques.Intervention and Measurements: Secondary analysis of 184 term newborn mixed breed duroc piglets (1–3 days of age, weighing 2.0 (0.2) kg) from seven different studies, which were exposed to 30–50 min of normocapnic hypoxia followed by asphyxia until asystole. This was followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation. For the analysis, piglets were divided into male and female groups, as well as resuscitation technique groups (sustained inflation, 3:1 compression-to-ventilation ratio, or asynchronous ventilations during chest compressions). Cardiac function, carotid blood flow, and cerebral oxygenation were continuously recorded throughout the experiment.Main results: Regardless of resuscitation technique, there was no significant difference between males and females in the number achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) [95/123 (77%) vs. 48/61 (79%)], the time to achieve ROSC [112 (80–185) s vs. 110 (77–186) s], and the 4-h survival rate [81/95 (85%) vs. 40/48 (83%)]. Levels of the injury markers interleukin (IL)−1ß, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α in frontoparietal cortex tissue homogenates were similar between males and females.Conclusions: Regardless of resuscitation technique, there was no significant effect of sex on resuscitation outcome, survival, and hemodynamic recovery in asphyxiated newborn piglets.
Serum Ferritin Predicts Neither Organ Dysfunction Nor Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis Due to Tropical Infections
Authors: Williams Vijai , Menon Nisha , Bhatia Prateek , Biswal Manisha , Sreedharanunni Sreejesh , Rawat Amit , Jayashree Muralidharan , Nallasamy Karthi 
Published: December 2020

Objective: To evaluate serial ferritin levels measured in the initial 72 h of admission as a biomarker for new and progressive multi organ dysfunction syndrome (NPMODS) and mortality (unfavorable outcomes) in critically ill children with sepsis due to tropical infections.Material and Methods: In this prospective observational study from a tertiary care teaching hospital in India, children 3 month to 12 years with a diagnosis of acute febrile illness and any two features suggesting tropical infections [cytopenia (platelet count &lt;1,00,000/cu.mm, total leucocyte count &lt;4,000/cu.mm), hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, systemic signs (rash, edema), respiratory distress, and encephalopathy not accounted by localized infection] were eligible for inclusion. Children with known or suspected disorder of iron metabolism were excluded. Primary outcome was to determine the association of serial ferritin levels with mortality and NPMODS. Secondary outcomes included estimation of the prevalence of hyperferritinemia and comparison of risk prediction scores with serial ferritin measurement in predicting unfavorable outcomes.Measurements and Main Results: In the 202 children enrolled, diagnosis could be established in 133 (65.8%) children. Scrub typhus and dengue were the most common infections. Median (IQR) ferritin measured at admission (n = 183) and on day 3 (n = 120) of hospital stay were 798 (378, 3,205) μg/L and 429 (213,680) μg/L, respectively. Majority (n = 180, 89.1%) had MODS at admission defined as per International pediatric sepsis consensus conference. NPMODS occurred in 47 (23.3%) children of whom 37 (18.3%) died. Children with three or less organ dysfunctions had lower mortality. Neither admission ferritin values nor the percentage change over 72 h was different between children with favorable and unfavorable outcomes. Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM-III) and daily Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction score (dPELOD2 score) were significantly different in those with unfavorable outcomes. Admission ferritin levels and percentage change in 72 h had poor discriminatory power for mortality with AUC of 0.53 (0.53, 0.67) and 0.50 (0.50, 0.64), respectively. dPELOD2 had the best discriminatory power for mortality with AUC of 0.89 (0.89, 0.95).Conclusions: Serial ferritin estimation predicted neither organ dysfunction nor mortality in pediatric sepsis with tropical infections. dPELOD-2 and PRISM-III predicted unfavorable outcomes better than ferritin. The current diagnostic criteria for MODS overestimated organ dysfunctions in tropical infections and hence may need modification with further validation in this epidemiological cohort.
Enhanced Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Capillary-to-Fiber Ratio Following Moderately Increased Testosterone Exposure in Young Healthy Women
Authors: Cardinale Daniele A. , Horwath Oscar , Elings-Knutsson Jona , Helge Torbjörn , Godhe Manne , Bermon Stéphane , Moberg Marcus , Flockhart Mikael , Larsen Filip J. , Hirschberg Angelica Lindén , Ekblom Björn 
Published: December 2020

Background:Recently, it was shown that exogenously administered testosterone enhances endurance capacity in women. In this study, our understanding on the effects of exogenous testosterone on key determinants of oxygen transport and utilization in skeletal muscle is expanded.Methods:In a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 48 healthy active women were randomized to 10 weeks of daily application of 10 mg of testosterone cream or placebo. Before and after the intervention, VO2max, body composition, total hemoglobin (Hb) mass and blood volumes were assessed. Biopsies from thevastus lateralismuscle were obtained before and after the intervention to assess mitochondrial protein abundance, capillary density, capillary-to-fiber (C/F) ratio, and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity.Results:Maximal oxygen consumption per muscle mass, Hb mass, blood, plasma and red blood cell volumes, capillary density, and the abundance of mitochondrial protein levels (i.e., citrate synthase, complexes I, II, III, IV-subunit 2, IV-subunit 4, and V) were unchanged by the intervention. However, the C/F ratio, specific mitochondrial respiratory flux activating complex I and linked complex I and II, uncoupled respiration and electron transport system capacity, but not leak respiration or fat respiration, were significantly increased following testosterone administration compared to placebo.Conclusion:This study provides novel insights into physiological actions of increased testosterone exposure on key determinants of oxygen diffusion and utilization in skeletal muscle of women. Our findings show that higher skeletal muscle oxidative capacity coupled to higher C/F ratio could be major contributing factors that improve endurance performance following moderately increased testosterone exposure.
Psychometric Evaluation of the Chinese Version of the Decision Regret Scale
Authors: Xu Richard Huan , Zhou Ling Ming , Wong Eliza Laiyi , Wang Dong , Chang Jing Hui 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the decision regret scale (DRSc).MethodsThe data of 704 patients who completed the DRSc were used for the analyses. We evaluated the construct, convergent/discriminant, and known-group validity; internal consistency and test–retest reliability; and the item invariance of the DRSc. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to confirm the optimal cutoff point of the scale.ResultsA confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that a one-factor model fits the data. The internal consistency (α = 0.74) and test–retest reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.71] of the DRSc were acceptable. The DRSc demonstrated unidimensionality and invariance for use across the sexes. It was confirmed that an optimal cutoff point of 25 could discriminate between patients with high and low decisional regret during clinical practice.ConclusionThe DRSc is a parsimonious instrument that can be used to measure the uncertainty inherent in medical decisions. It can be employed to provide knowledge, offer support, and elicit patient preferences in an attempt to promote shared decision-making.
Is the Urine Cannabinoid Level Measured via a Commercial Point-of-Care Semiquantitative Immunoassay a Cannabis Withdrawal Syndrome Severity Predictor?
Authors: Claus Benedikt Bernd , Specka Michael , McAnally Heath , Scherbaum Norbert , Schifano Fabrizio , Bonnet Udo 
Published: December 2020

Background: For cannabis-dependent subjects, the relationship between cannabis withdrawal syndrome (CWS) severity and the urine cannabinoid concentrations are unclear; we investigated this using a commercial point-of-care (POC) enzyme immunoassay detecting 11-nor-9-carboxy-Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH).Methods: Observational study of 78 adult chronic cannabis-dependent subjects assessed over a 24-day inpatient detoxification treatment, with 13 serial measurement days. Repeated Measures Correlation and Multilevel Linear Models were employed.Results: Absolute urinary THC-COOH levels significantly correlated with Marijuana Withdrawal Checklist (MWC) scores across the entire study duration (r = 0.248; p &lt; 0.001). Correlation between serial creatinine-adjusted THC-COOH ratios and serial MWC scores emerged as significant only in the sample with higher MWC scores (&gt;11 points) at admission (n = 21; r = 0.247; p = 0.002). The aforementioned significant relationships have persisted when replacing the absolute THC-COOH-levels with the (relative) day-to-day change in urinary THC-COOH levels. MWC scores were significantly correlated with the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S; r = 0.812; p &lt; 0.001). Females showed a significantly slower decline in urine THC-COOH levels and prolonged CWS course characterized by substantial illness severity (per CGI-S), occurring in nearly 30% of cases.Conclusion: Urine cannabinoid levels (THC-COOH) determined by POC assay significantly predicted CWS severity (moderate correlation), guiding detoxification treatment duration. In patients with MWC &gt; 11 points upon admission, creatinine-adjusted THC-COOH ratios also significantly predicted CWS severity—again with moderate effect size. Females showed prolonged urinary THC-COOH elimination and cannabis withdrawal.
Catheter Management and Risk Stratification of Patients With in Inpatient Treatment Due to Acute Epididymitis
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Deuker Marina , Welte Maria N. , Hoeh Benedikt , Preisser Felix , Homrich Till , Kempf Volkhard A. J. , Hogardt Michael , Mandel Philipp , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Chun Felix K. H. , Kluth Luis A. 
Published: December 2020

Objective: This study aims to evaluate catheter management in acute epididymitis (AE) patients requiring inpatient treatment and risk factors predicting severity of disease.Material and Methods: Patients with diagnosed AE and inpatient treatment between 2004 and 2019 at the University Hospital Frankfurt were analyzed. A risk score, rating severity of AE, including residual urine &gt; 100 ml, fever &gt; 38.0°C, C-reactive protein (CRP) &gt; 5 mg/dl, and white blood count (WBC) &gt; 10/nl was introduced.Results: Of 334 patients, 107 (32%) received a catheter (transurethral (TC): n = 53, 16%, suprapubic (SPC): n = 54, 16%). Catheter patients were older, exhibited more comorbidities, and had higher CRP and WBC compared with the non-catheter group (NC). Median length of stay (LOS) was longer in the catheter group (7 vs. 6 days, p &lt; 0.001), whereas necessity of abscess surgery and recurrent epididymitis did not differ. No differences in those parameters were recorded between TC and SPC. According to our established risk score, 147 (44%) patients exhibited 0–1 (low-risk) and 187 (56%) 2–4 risk factors (high-risk). In the high-risk group, patients received a catheter significantly more often than with low-risk (TC: 22 vs. 9%; SPC: 19 vs. 12%, both p ≤ 0.01). Catheter or high-risk patients exhibited positive urine cultures more frequently than NC or low-risk patients. LOS was comparable between high-risk patients with catheter and low-risk NC patients.Conclusion: Patients with AE who received a catheter at admission were older, multimorbid, and exhibited more severe symptoms of disease compared with the NC patients. A protective effect of catheters might be attributable to patients with adverse risk constellations or high burden of comorbidities. The introduced risk score indicates a possibility for risk stratification.
Contrasting Thermoelectric Transport Behaviors of
p
-Type PbS Caused by Doping Alkali Metals (Li and Na)
Authors: Hou Zhenghao , Wang Dongyang , Wang Jinfeng , Wang Guangtao , Huang Zhiwei , Zhao Li-Dong 
Published: December 2020

PbS is a latent substitute of PbTe thermoelectric materials, which is on account of its superiority in low cost and earth abundance. Here, the thermoelectric transport properties of
p
-type PbS by doping alkali metals (Na and Li) are investigated and it is verified that Li is a more effective dopant than Na. By introducing Li, the electrical and thermal transport properties were optimized collectively. The electrical transport properties were boosted remarkably via adjusting carrier concentration, and the maximum power factor (PF
max
) of ~11.5
μ
W/cmK
2
and average power factor (PF
ave
) ~9.9
μ
W/cmK
2
between 423 and 730 K in Pb
0.99
Li
0.01
S were achieved, which are much higher than those (~9.5 and ~7.7
μ
W/cmK
2
) of Pb
0.99
Na
0.01
S. Doping Li and Na can weaken the lattice thermal conductivity effectively. Combining the enlarged PF with suppressed total thermal conductivity, a maximum ZT ~0.5 at 730 K and a large average ZT ~0.4 at 423-730 K were obtained in
p
-type Pb
0.99
Li
0.01
S, which are higher than ~0.4 and ~0.3 in
p
-type Pb
0.99
Na
0.01
S, respectively.
Distribution of Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782) (Teleostei: Acheilognathidae) in Turkey
Authors: BAYÇELEBİ Esra 
Published: December 2020

The present study aims to reveal the current distribution area of Rhodeus amarus in the freshwaters of Turkey. The survey was conducted between 2004-2019 from 56 sampling locations. Also, it was made a detailed literature research. R. amarus is distributed in rivers and streams flowing into the Black, Aegean, Marmara, Caspian Sea basins, and some lake basins in Anatolia.
SALUD INTEGRAL DEL ADULTO MAYOR DE LA “CASA DE LOS ABUELOS ANGÉLICA ALVARADO” DEL SECTOR PANTANO ABAJO ESTADO FALCÓN
Authors: Romero Sandra , Jaimes Jhon 
Published: December 2020

La presente investigación se planteó como propósito implementar estrategias para la Salud Integral del Adulto Mayor de la Casa de los Abuelos “Angélica Alvarado” del Sector Pantano Abajo del Municipio Miranda, Estado Falcón. La metodología utilizada fue la de Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP) aplicada a estudios sobre realidades humanas y con el empleo de técnicas como la observación participante, entrevista a informantes claves, priorización del problema con la técnica de Ranqueo, FODA y árbol del problema, lo cual permitió determinar la realidad social en la casa de los abuelos “Angélica Alvarado”. Para la intervención se estableció un plan de acción para la implementación de estrategias de salud en las áreas; cardiovascular, detección de micosis superficiales y enfermedades metabólicas e infecciosas a través de la Secretaria de Salud del Estado Falcón y el Ambulatorio “Dr. Edgar Peña”; además de la realización de talleres de formación en proyectos socio-productivos por parte de la Corporación Falconiana de Turismo y de actividades físicas - recreativas por docentes del Programa de Educación Física, Recreación y Deporte de la Universidad Nacional Experimental “Francisco de Miranda” para mejorar la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores del sector Pantano Abajo. El propósito trazado de la investigación se cumplió mediante la ejecución de diferentes Fases que conllevaron al estudio y conocimiento de las problemáticas más sentidas por parte de los adultos mayores de la casa de los Abuelos “Angélica Alvarado”, además se logró motivar la participación y colaboración de diferentes instituciones del Estado, la Comuna Heroína Josefa Camejo, el Consejo Comunal Territorio social I. Así como también, de la Comunidad en general del sector Pantano. La investigación permitió a través de la práctica transformadora y el cambio social resaltar la importancia de la salud integral del adulto mayor que como ciudadano activo con derechos y deberes debe ser integrado a todas las actividades de la comunidad que conlleven a mejorar su calidad de vida.
Violência simbólica contra a mulher
Authors: Godinho Maria Inês Almeida 
Published: December 2020

Nesse texto o objetivo é analisar como a violência simbólica exercida contra as mulheres no espaço familiar se estende ao espaço acadêmico universitário brasileiro. A hipótese é que neste processo são reproduzidas as estruturas de dominação simbólica masculina desenhadas pela família patriarcal brasileira durante gerações, o que torna este tipo de violência mais sutil se comparada à violência física, mas não menos devastadora. Estudantes universitárias brasileiras são constantemente alvo de agressões verbais, humilhações, abusos morais e psicológicos por parte de professores, colegas e funcionários que compartilham com elas o espaço acadêmico, mais tais atos são recorrentemente naturalizados pelos agressores, e, muitas vezes, também pelas próprias vítimas por estarem impregnados na sociedade brasileira. A análise se apoia principalmente nos estudos de Bourdieu sobre a dominação masculina e o poder e a violência simbólicos.
Recebido: 19/08/2019Aceito: 05/01/2020
Penerapan Pompa Air Free Energi Menggunakan Kincir Air Dan Pompa Sistem Hidrolik Untuk Pengairan Sawah
Authors: Iskandar Yogi , Saepudin Aep 
Published: December 2020

Pada musim kemarau petani Indonesia khususnya Daerah Kabupaten Kuningan mengalami kesulitan dalam melakukan aktivitas pertanian. Masalah tersebut dapat di pecahkan dengan adanya pompa air sehingga aktivitas pertanian masih dapat dilakukan, namun tidak semua petani dapat melakukan aktivitas karena hanya sedikit orang yang bisa dan mampu membeli pompa air serta harus membeli bahan bakar baik bensin maupun solar untuk mengoprasikan pompa air tersebut sehingga terjadi pembekakan pembiayaan. Pemecahan masalah tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan cara membuat pompa air sistem hidrolik dengan memanfaatkan tenaga air yang berasal dari arus Sungai Cijolang sebagai sumber energi pemutar/ kekuatan/pengungkit kincir dan menarik atau mendorang air. Sehingga dengan cara ini tidak memerlukan bahan bakar bensin/solar ataupun tenaga listrik. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan cara membuat pompa air sistem hidrolik. Hasil pengukurun/ penelitian menunjukan kecepatan arus air dalam penelitian ini senilai 7 detik/ satu kali putaran kincir air. Diameter kincir air sebesar 1 meter dan untuk diameter pompa air 5cm s/d 10cm. Kebutuhan pompa air untuk lahan seluas 1000 meter dibutuhkan 3 s/d 6 pompa air.