bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prestrained twistless flax yarn as reinforcement for polymer‐matrix composites
Authors: Magniez Kevin , Zaidi Badar Munir , Zhang Jin , Miao Menghe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe report a technique to improve the mechanical performance of aligned fiber‐reinforced polymer‐matrix composites utilizing a twistless wrap‐spun yarn structure. Conventional wrap‐spinning technology introduces crimps to the yarn structure, which is a source of fiber misalignment in the final composites. Here, we report a twistless wrap‐spun yarn constructed from flax fibers and an extensible wrapping filament so that the yarn crimp can be removed during composite fabrication. This is achieved by applying a prestrain to the yarn while the resin is being cured during compression molding. The study demonstrates that this manufacturing technique can be simply and efficiently utilized to produce highly aligned and twistless natural fiber yarn‐reinforced polymeric composites with up to 25% and 45% improvements in mechanical properties.
Wasp venom peptide, synoeca‐MP, from Synoeca surinama shows antimicrobial activity against human and animal pathogenic microorganisms
Authors: Freire Daniel O. , da Cunha Nicolau B. , Leite Michel L. , Kostopoulos Alessandra G. C. , da Silva Sheila N. B. , de Souza Adolfo C. B. , Nolasco Diego O. , Franco Octávio L. , Mortari Márcia R. , Dias Simoni C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe rising number of multidrug‐resistant microorganisms has triggered interest in the prospection of biocompounds with antimicrobial activities. Synoeca‐MP consists of an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) classified as a mastoparan, which was isolated from the venom of Synoeca surinama, a social wasp. Synoeca‐MP presented a potent antimicrobial activity, with values of MIC50 and MIC90 against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus—MRSA (1.9 and 2.2 μM), Escherichia coli ESBL (2.0 and 2,1 μM), vancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecalis (8.3 and 17.1 μM), Pseudomonas aeruginosa metallo‐ß‐lactamase (5.2 and 5.9 μM), and Klebsiella pneumoniae KPC (3.5 and 4.7 μM). Synoeca‐MP was also tested against six Candida species, with MICs varying from 10 to 40 μM. Moreover, the structural prediction for Synoeca‐MP demonstrated a cationic α‐helix capable of interacting with in silico membranes and low hemolytic activity. Due to its antimicrobial activity, synoeca‐MP shows potential as an adjuvant to antibiotics and antifungals commonly used in antibiotic therapies.
Vasopressin Plasma Concentrations Are Not Associated with Hemodynamic Response to Exogenous Vasopressin for Septic Shock
Authors: Yerke Jason R. , Sacha Gretchen L. , Scheraga Rachel G. , Culver Daniel A. , Abraham Susamma , Torbic Heather , Lam Simon W. , Ammar Mahmoud A. , Olman Mitchell A. , Bauer Seth R. 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionPositive hemodynamic response to vasopressin after 6 hours of infusion was independently associated with lower mortality in a previous retrospective study of patients with septic shock. However, factors previously associated with higher plasma vasopressin concentration were not associated with response, and the relationship between plasma vasopressin concentration and hemodynamic response has not been evaluated.ObjectivesThis cross‐sectional study compared plasma vasopressin concentrations in hemodynamic responders and nonresponders to vasopressin in patients with septic shock to evaluate plasma vasopressin concentration as a therapeutic target for hemodynamic response to vasopressin.MethodsAdult patients with septic shock were included if they were treated with fixed‐dose vasopressin as an adjunct to catecholamines for at least 3 hours. Patients were assigned to groups based on vasopressin response.ResultsTen hemodynamic responders to vasopressin and eight nonresponders were included. Blood samples for plasma vasopressin concentration were collected 3–6 hours after vasopressin initiation. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. No difference was detected in plasma vasopressin concentrations between hemodynamic responders and nonresponders (median 88.6 pg/ml [interquartile range (IQR) 84.4–107.5 pg/ml] vs 89.9 pg/ml [IQR 67.5–157.4 pg/ml], p=0.79, respectively). We also did not detect a difference between groups after correcting for vasopressin dose; median vasopressin plasma concentration per 0.01 units/minute of vasopressin infusion for responders was 25.9 pg/ml (IQR 21.8–31.8 pg/ml) versus 29.5 pg/ml (IQR 23.0–57.5 pg/ml, p=0.48) for nonresponders. No difference in clinical outcomes was detected between groups. The findings were robust to multiple sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsThis study does not support the use of plasma vasopressin concentrations as a therapeutic target to predict hemodynamic response to exogenous vasopressin in septic shock.
Post‐traumatic growth and related factors among 1221 Chinese cancer survivors
Authors: Zhang Liyan , Lu Yuhan , Qin Yin , Xue Jing , Chen Yang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThere is an increasing number of studies on the post‐traumatic growth (PTG) of cancer survivors worldwide. However, few Chinese studies have reported about PTG in cancer survivors because of the underdevelopment of community health services. This study aimed to evaluate the level of PTG in China and explore related factors among a large sample of survivors of more than 12 cancer types.MethodsWe recruited 1236 survivors from 14 sites of the Beijing Cancer Rehabilitation Association. Survivors completed standardized questionnaires assessing PTG, social support, coping styles, demographic characteristics, and clinical conditions. Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate potential predictive factors of PTG.ResultsA total of 1221 (98.7%) subjects completed the questionnaires. The average PTG score was 61.15 ± 20.26. Seven variables were included in the final regression model: social support, coping style, time after treatment, exercise, BMI, work status, and economic income (P < .05). Survivors who had low levels of social support, had negative coping strategies, had a time after treatment of less than 5 years, exercised irregularly, had an abnormal BMI, were unemployed, or had low economic income had lower PTG levels.ConclusionsPTG levels among Chinese cancer survivors are associated with social support, coping style, time after treatment, exercise, BMI, work status, and economic income. Strategies tailored to Chinese survivors should be developed to promote their PTG and improve their physical and psychological well‐being.
Differential effects of serine side chain interactions in amyloid formation by islet amyloid polypeptide
Authors: Akter Rehana , Zou Junjie , Raleigh Daniel P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIslet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), a 37 residue polypeptide, is the main protein component of islet amyloid deposits produced in the pancreas in Type 2 diabetes. Human IAPP contains five serine residues at positions 19, 20, 28, 29, and 34. Models of the IAPP amyloid fibril indicate a structure composed of two closely aligned columns of IAPP monomers with each monomer contributing to two intermolecular β‐strands. Ser 19 and Ser 20 are in the partially ordered β‐turn region, which links the two strands, whereas Ser 28, Ser 29, and Ser 34 are in the core region of the amyloid fibril. Ser 29 is involved in contacts between the two columns of monomers and is the part of the steric zipper interface. We undertook a study of individual serine substitutions with the hydrophobic isostere 2‐aminobutyric acid (2‐Abu) to examine the site‐specific role of serine side chains in IAPP amyloid formation. All five variants formed amyloid. The Ser 19 to 2‐Abu mutant accelerates amyloid formation by a factor of 3 to 4, while the Ser 29 to 2‐Abu mutation modestly slows the rate of amyloid formation. 2‐Abu replacements at the other sites had even smaller effects. The data demonstrate that the cross‐column interactions made by residue 29 are not essential for amyloid formation and also show that cross‐strand networks of hydrogen‐bonded Ser side chains, so called Ser‐ladders, are not required for IAPP amyloid formation. The effect of the Ser 19 to 2‐Abu mutant suggests that residues in this region are important for amyloid formation by IAPP.
A practical approach to preventing systematic error in the maintenance of instrumented safeguards
Authors: Summers Angela , Roche Eloise 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInstrumentation and electrical (I&E) maintenance is typically managed using site‐wide policies, practices, and procedures. Since I&E equipment is part of the control system and nearly every other layer of protection, the cumulative impact of poor I&E performance can be a significant contributor to major events. Systematic problems in managing I&E equipment reliability lower process safety performance across a site. Practical guidance is needed on how to assess the vulnerability of existing sites to instrumented safeguard failure due to maintenance deficits. This paper leverages Reason's organizational accident model as a framework to discuss site‐specific factors that impact a site's susceptibility to maintenance error. A table of more than 60 human factors covering I&E maintenance activities was developed and organized by four elements of causality: organizational processes, workplace practices, personnel traits, and enabling conditions. The human factors table can be used to rate an industrial site on a negative‐to‐positive scale, highlighting those areas where systematic changes would likely improve maintenance performance and instrument reliability.
Quantitative determination of human IgA subclasses and their Fc‐glycosylation patterns in plasma by using a peptide analogue internal standard and ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry
Authors: Chen Hsiao‐Fan , Shiao Ching‐Ya , Wu Mei‐Yi , Lin Yen‐Chung , Chen Hsi‐Hsien , Chang Wei‐Chiao , Wu Mai‐Szu , Kao Chih‐Chin , Tsai I‐Lin 
Published: November 2019

RationaleGlycosylation on immunoglobulins is important for the immune function. In this study, we developed and validated a method for the absolute quantification of IgA subclasses and relative quantification of IgA‐Fc glycopeptides by using affinity purification and ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS). Only micro‐volumes of plasma were required from each sample and we also applied the method to discover IgA and IgA‐glycopeptide profiles in patients with chronic kidney diseases and IgA nephropathy.MethodsPeptide M affinity beads were used to purify IgA, and a cost‐effective peptide analogue was added as internal standard. With an efficient on‐bead digestion process, purified samples were analyzed by UHPLC/MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring mode.ResultsCorrelation coefficients were greater than 0.999 for the IgA1 and IgA2 calibration curves and greater than 0.994 for glycopeptide regression curves. Intraday and interday precisions for IgA1 and IgA2 were <1.6% and <5.1% RSD, respectively. Intraday and interday accuracies ranged from 102.6 to 114.9% and 103.5 to 113.5% for IgA1 and IgA2, respectively. Stabilities of IgA1 and IgA2 at −80°C for 7 to 15 days ranged from 96.0 to 109.4%, respectively. The Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.916 when comparing the IgA quantification results of the 30 clinical samples by using ELISAs and the developed UHPLC/MS/MS method. Compared with healthy controls, IgA and IgA‐glycopeptides showed different profiles in patients with chronic kidney diseases and IgA nephropathy.ConclusionsThe developed method showed good validation results, and the absolute quantification results of IgA correlated with those from ELISA. The pilot application study showed that IgA and IgA‐glycopeptides can be potential biomarker candidates for kidney diseases, and more clinical sample applications are worth investigating.
A primer on sustainable value creation
Authors: Fatemi Ali , Fooladi Iraj 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper argues that the current paradigm of value creation has led to a number of unacceptable outcomes. Exaggerated by executive compensation incentives focused on short‐term results, the model of shareholder wealth maximization spurs short‐term profits that fail to take into account those costs that are externalized to other stakeholders. We argue that the all‐inclusive costs can far exceed those explicitly accounted for and that their magnitude is often such that it outweighs the short‐term gains by a wide margin. The cascading nature of these costs, the growing voice of other stakeholders in support of their interests, the erosion of public trust, and the increasingly dire state of the global environment have accelerated the pace of calls for the adoption of a model of sustainable value creation—one in which shareholders’ wealth is maximized without making any of the other stakeholders significantly worse off. Taking an exploratory step toward developing such an ideal process, we present a simple example of a valuation model that incorporates such a principle. We also argue that markets, education, and regulation represent the three indispensable cornerstones of a sustainable value creation framework.
SREBP2‐STARD4 is involved in synthesis of cholesteryl ester stimulated by mono‐butyl phthalate in MLTC‐1 cells
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Wang Yidi , Zhang Lulu , Hu Yanhui , Gu Chenxi , Wen Yun , Gu Aihua , Zhang Jingshu , Wang Yubang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSterol is synthesized from cholesterol which is from the hydrolysis of stored cholesteryl esters. The process of maintaining cholesterol homeostasis is regulated by SREBP2‐STARD4. Lots of researches demonstrated that male steroidogenesis could be interfered by di‐n‐butyl phthalate (DBP) or monobutyl phthalate (MBP). However, mechanisms of MBP exposure in this process have not been uncovered clearly. The objectiveof this study was to explore roles of SREBP2 and STARD4 in cholesteryl estersynthesis stimulated by MBP in mouse Leydig tumor cells (MLTC‐1). MLTC‐1 exposedto 10‐8, 10‐7, 10‐6, 10‐5 M MBP showed that levels of cholestery ester were increased significantly at 10‐7 M MBP. Besides, cholesteryl ester synthesis stimulated by MBP was down‐regulate when STARD4 or SREBP2 were inhibited. Activity of SREBP2 binding to the promoter of STARD4 was increased after MBP exposure. This study suggests that MBP can increase cholesteryl ester synthesis through SREBP2‐STARD4 signal pathway in MLTC‐1 cells.
Resummed prediction for Higgs boson production through b$$ \overline{\mathrm{b}} $$ annihilation at N3LL
Authors: Ajjath A.H. , Chakraborty Amlan , Das Goutam , Mukherjee Pooja , Ravindran V. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We present an accurate theoretical prediction for the production of Higgs bo- son through bottom quark annihilation at the LHC up to next-to-next-to-next-to leading order (N3LO) plus next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N3LL) accuracy. We de- termine the third order perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) correction to the process dependent constant in the resummed expression using the three loop bottom quark form factor and third order quark soft distribution function. Thanks to the recent compu- tation of N3LO corrections to this production cross-section from all the partonic channels, an accurate matching can be obtained for a consistent predictions at N3LO+N3LL accu- racy in QCD. We have studied in detail the impact of resummed threshold contributions to inclusive cross-sections at various centre-of-mass energies and also discussed their sensi- tivity to renormalization and factorization scales at next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO) matched with next-to-next-to leading logarithm (NNLL). At N3LO+N3LL, we predict the cross-section for different centre-of-mass energies using the recently available results in [1] as well as study the renormalization scale dependence at the same order.
Kinematical superspaces
Authors: Figueroa-O’Farrill José , Grassie Ross 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We classify N =1 d = 4 kinematical and aristotelian Lie superalgebras with spa- tial isotropy, but not necessarily parity nor time-reversal invariance. Employing a quater- nionic formalism which makes rotational covariance manifest and simplifies many of the calculations, we find a list of 43 isomorphism classes of Lie superalgebras, some with pa- rameters, whose (nontrivial) central extensions are also determined. We then classify their corresponding simply-connected homogeneous (4|4)-dimensional superspaces, resulting in a list of 27 homogeneous superspaces, some with parameters, all of which are reductive. We determine the invariants of low rank and explore how these superspaces are related via geometric limits.
Multi-Laser Powder Bed Fusion Benchmarking—Initial Trials with Inconel 625
Authors: Wong H. , Dawson K. , Ravi G. A. , Howlett L. , Jones R. O. , Sutcliffe C. J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Production rate is an increasingly important factor in the deployment of metal additive manufacturing (AM) throughout industry. To address the perceived low production rate of metal AM systems based on single-laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), several companies now offer systems in which melting has been parallelised by the introduction of multiple, independently controlled laser beams. Nevertheless, a full set of studies is yet to be conducted to benchmark the efficiency of multi-laser systems and, at the same time, to verify if the mechanical properties of components are compromised due to the increase in build rate. This study addresses the described technology gaps and presents a 4-beam L-PBF system operating in “single multi” (SM) mode (SM-L-PBF) where each of the four lasers is controlled so that it melts all of a particular components’ layers and produces specimens for comparison with standard L-PBF specimens from the same machine. That is all four lasers making all of some of the parts were compared to a single-laser manufacturing all of the parts. Build parameters were kept constant throughout the manufacturing process and the material used was Inconel 625 (IN625). Stress-relieving heat treatment was conducted on As-built (AB) specimens. Both AB and heat-treated (HT) specimen sets were tested for density, microstructure, tensile strength and hardness. Results indicate that the stress-relieving heat treatment increases specimen ductility without compromising other mechanical properties. SM-L-PBF has achieved a build rate of 14 cm3/h when four 200 W lasers were used to process IN625 at a layer thickness of 30 μm. An increase in the build rate of 2.74 times (build time reduction: 63%) has been demonstrated when compared to that of L-PBF, with little to no compromises in specimen mechanical properties. The observed tensile properties exceed the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) requirements for IN625 (by a margin of 22 to 26% in the 0.2% offset yield strength). Average specimen hardness and grain size are in the same order as that reported in literatures. The study has demonstrated that a multi-laser AM system opens up opportunities to tackle the impasse of low build rate in L-PBF in an industrial setting and that at least when operating in single mode there is no detectable degradation in the mechanical and crystallographic characteristics of the components produced.
T1ρ-mapping for assessing knee joint cartilage in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis — feasibility and repeatability
Authors: Barendregt Anouk M. , Mazzoli Valentina , van den Berg J. Merlijn , Kuijpers Taco W. , Maas Mario , Nederveen Aart J. , Hemke Robert 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Ongoing arthritis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) can result in cartilage damage.

Objective
To study the feasibility and repeatability of T1ρ for assessing knee cartilage in JIA and also to describe T1ρ values and study correlation between T1ρ and conventional MRI scores for disease activity.

Materials and methods
Thirteen children with JIA or suspected JIA underwent 3-tesla (T) knee MRI that included conventional sequences and a T1ρ sequence. Segmentation of knee cartilage was carried out on T1ρ images. We used intraclass correlation coefficient to study the repeatability of segmentation in a subset of five children. We used the juvenile arthritis MRI scoring system to discriminate inflamed from non-inflamed knees. The Mann-Whitney U and Spearman correlation compared T1ρ between children with and without arthritis on MRI and correlated T1ρ with the juvenile arthritis MRI score.

Results
All children successfully completed the MRI examination. No images were excluded because of poor quality. Repeatability of T1ρ measurement had an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.99 (P<0.001). We observed no structural cartilage damage and found no differences in T1ρ between children with (n=7) and without (n=6) inflamed knees (37.8 ms vs. 31.7 ms, P=0.20). However, we observed a moderate correlation between T1ρ values and the juvenile arthritis MRI synovitis score (r=0.59, P=0.04).

Conclusion
This pilot study suggests that T1ρ is a feasible and repeatable quantitative imaging technique in children. T1ρ values were associated with the juvenile arthritis MRI synovitis score.
Can´t beat the heat? Importance of cardiac control and coronary perfusion for heat tolerance in rainbow trout
Authors: Ekström Andreas , Gräns Albin , Sandblom Erik 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCoronary perfusion and cardiac autonomic regulation may benefit myocardial oxygen delivery and thermal performance of the teleost heart, and thus influence whole animal heat tolerance. Yet, no study has examined how coronary perfusion affects cardiac output during warming in vivo. Moreover, while β-adrenergic stimulation could protect cardiac contractility, and cholinergic decrease in heart rate may enhance myocardial oxygen diffusion at critically high temperatures, previous studies in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using pharmacological antagonists to block cholinergic and β-adrenergic regulation showed contradictory results with regard to cardiac performance and heat tolerance. This could reflect intra-specific differences in the extent to which altered coronary perfusion buffered potential negative effects of the pharmacological blockade. Here, we first tested how cardiac performance and the critical thermal maximum (CTmax) were affected following a coronary ligation. We then assessed how these performances were influenced by pharmacological cholinergic or β-adrenergic blockade, hypothesising that the effects of the pharmacological treatment would be more pronounced in coronary ligated trout compared to trout with intact coronaries. Coronary blockade reduced CTmaxby 1.5 °C, constrained stroke volume and cardiac output across temperatures, led to earlier cardiac failure and was associated with reduced blood oxygen-carrying capacity. Nonetheless, CTmaxand the temperatures for cardiac failure were not affected by autonomic blockade. Collectively, our data show that coronary perfusion improves heat tolerance and cardiac performance in trout, while evidence for beneficial effects of altered cardiac autonomic tone during warming remains inconclusive.