bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyphenols contents and antioxidant Activity of extracts from Leaves and flowers of Thymelaea hirsuta
Authors: Merghem Mounira , Dahamna Saliha , Khennouf Seddik 
Published: July 2020

Thymelaea hirsuta is a medicinal plant, belonging to the genus Thymelaea (Thymelaeaceae) widely used in Mediterranean countries especially in Algeria. In this study, we have evaluated the total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Leaves and flowers of Thymelaea hirsuta as well as its antioxidant activity using the DPPH (2'2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl) and β-carotene /linoleic acid bleaching assays. The yield of the methanolic and aqueous extract was 11, 55% and 13, 25% respectively. The total polyphenols content of the methanolic extract was 295, 22 µg GAE/ mg extract and flavonoids was 09, 40 µg QE/mg and 26, 42 µg RE/ mg extract. The total polyphenols content of the aqueous extract was 57, 95 µg GAE/ mg extract and flavonoids was 4.59 µg QE/ mg and 10.66 µg RE/ mg extract. In the DPPH assay, methanolic extract showed the higher scavenging capacity (IC50 = 0.03 ± 0.004 mg/ml), followed by aqueous extract with IC50 of 0.275 ± 0.019 mg/ml. In the test of β-carotene /linoleic acid, the percentage of inhibition was 39.1±1.33% for the aqueous extract and 41.05±2.72% for methanolic extract.
Keywords: Thymelaea hirsuta, antioxidant activity, polyphenols, DPPH scavenging, β-carotene.
Development of Transdermal Patches for the Delivery of Chlorpheniramine in Infants using Hypromellose and Cassava Starch Composite Polymers
Authors: Agubata Chukwuma O. , Nta Blessing B. , Onunkwo Godswill C. , Joshua Parker E. , Ofoefule Sabinus I. , Onoja Remigius I. 
Published: July 2020

Background: Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine that is used in the treatment of rhinitis and other allergies. Objectives: The objectives of this research was to develop and evaluate transdermal patches for improved delivery of chlorpheniramine in infants using hypromellose and cassava starch composite polymers. Methods: Chlorpheniramine transdermal patches were formulated by solvent casting method using varying amounts of hypromellose (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), cassava starch and polyethylene glycol 4000. The formulated transdermal patches were characterized by Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FT-IR), folding endurance, elongation breaking test, percentage moisture uptake/loss and ex vivo permeation studies. Results: The spectra showed no chemical interaction between the ingredients. The transdermal patches showed elastic qualities and high folding endurance. Patches with consistently high moisture uptake (around 40%) were observed to contain high concentration of cassava starch while those with higher amounts of HPMC lost more water (around 35%). The ex vivo study showed efficient permeation and flux for the target purpose. Conclusion: Transdermal patches may be used to deliver low dose chlorpheniramine drug through the skin possibly soft and thin infant skin.
Keywords: Transdermal; permeation; flux; allergy; chlorpheniramine
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Polyphenols Content of the Hydro-methanolic Extract from Saccocalyx satureioides Coss and Dur
Authors: MEHLOUS Soulaf , BENCHIKH Fatima , BENABDALLAH Hassiba , LOUCIF Karima , KAOUDOUNE Chahrazed , LAOUER Hocine , AMIRA Smain 
Published: July 2020

This study aimed to estimate the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of the Hydro-methanolic from Saccocalyx satureioides Coss and Dur aerial part. Total polyphenols contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent. The flavonoids were estimated using the method of Aluminum chloride (AlCl3). The antioxidant capacity was evaluated using two in vitro models (the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power). Total phenolic and flavonoid content in the extract were 171.34 ±1.43 mg Gallic acid equivalent/g of dry extract (GAE/g) and 18.6 ± 0.46 mg Quercetin equivalent / g of dry extract (QE/g), respectively. The methanol extract has an important capacity to scavenge the free radical DPPH with an IC50 of 0.03 ± 0. 0024 mg/ml. In addition, the plant extract exhibited high reducing power with an IC50 of 0.54 ± 0.00625 mg/ml. The results of the present study may prove that the medicinal plants are a good resource of natural antioxidants.
Keywords: Antioxidant activity, Saccocalyx satureioides, polyphenols, flavonoids.
Membuat Gambar Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam (Studi Perbandingan antara Yusuf Qarᾱḍawi dan Muhammad Ali Al-Ṣabuni)
Authors: M Jakfar Tarmizi 
Published: July 2020

Dalam Istilah kajian keIslaman, gambar disebut dengan ṣurah, dan membuat gambar dinamakan taṣwir. Para Ulama berbeda pendapat tentang hukum gambar, baik itu membuatnya atau memilikinya. Yusuf Qarᾱḍawi berpendapat bahwa yang haram adalah taṣwir yangmemiliki bentuk fisik dan ada bayangan. Adapun taṣwir yang di lukis di kertas, dinding dan sebagainya yang mana taṣwir tersebut tidak memiliki bayangan dan fisik adalah boleh. Sedangkan menurut Muhammad Ali al-Ṣabuni taṣwir yang diharamkan adalah yang dilukis dengan tangan yang merupakan tiruan makhluk bernyawa dan juga taṣwir yang berwujud fisik dan memiliki bayangan yaitu patung. Menurut Yusuf Qarᾱḍawi kebolehan dan keharaman gambar itu tergantung kepada objek yang digambar serta ada atau tidaknya illat larangan yang terdapat dalam hadis pada gambar tersebut. Al-Qarᾱḍawi juga mengatakan bahwa foto adalah boleh jika objeknya adalah halal, dan ia bukan gambar yang termasuk dalam hadis Nabi Saw. Sedangkan Muhammad Ali al-Ṣabuni mengharamkan gambar makhluk bernyawa yang utuh namun membolehkan gambar makhuk tidak bernyawa dan makhluk bernyawa yang tidak utuh. Al-Ṣabuni juga mengkategorikan gambar fotografi ke dalam gambar yang dilarang dalam hadis Nabi, hal ini didasari keumuman hadis Nabi tentang gambar dan azab kepada pembuat gambar. Dengan demikian, pada dasarnya hadis-hadis seputar taṣwir memiliki illat hukum, namun disamping itu ada hal lain yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam membuat gambar maupun foto. Bila gambar maupun foto itu menyalahi syariat, maka haruslah dilarang untuk membuatnya.Kata Kunci:Gambar dan Hukum Islam
PAULO LEMINSKI CANCIONISTA E O POEMA-CANÇÃO VERDURA
Authors: Pereira Lívia Mendes 
Published: July 2020

Ao realçar o papel da canção na literatura brasileira contemporânea, situando-a entre a música e a literatura, entre o som e a palavra, nossa leitura focará nas músicas compostas por Paulo Leminski, em particular na trajetória do poema-canção Verdura. Levamos em consideração o próprio ideal do poeta, ou seja, o desejo em utilizar a canção como forma de restituir à poesia escrita seu veículo originário: a voz. Nesse sentido, cria-se a possibilidade da retomada da tradição oral em sua origem para refleti-la no poema-canção na atualidade. A proposta, portanto, é perceber como Leminski conseguiu transmitir a característica da tradição oral à poesia escrita, com as canções que produziu entre as décadas de 1970 e 1980. Interessa-nos avaliar como esse trabalho é recebido contemporaneamente no Brasil com o resgate da obra do poeta, especialmente na publicação de seu Song Book, em 2015.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Paulo Leminski; poema-canção; Verdura
Pemodelan Sebaran Sedimen dan Analisis Kualitas Air di Muara Sungai Alindau Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Marwah  , Mudin Yutdam , Sesa Elisa 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian mengenai pemodelan sebaran sedimen dan analisis kualitas air telah dilakukan dengan obyek muara Sungai Alindau Kabupaten Donggala. Penelitian ini bertujuan memodelkan sebaran distribusi konsentrasi sedimen dan menganalisis kualitas air di muara Sungai Alindau yang dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas penambang pasir. Pemodelan ini menggunakan model numerik 2D dengan memanfaatkan data debit aliran sungai, data sedimen, data batimetri, dan gelombang pasang surut sebagai data inputnya. Luaran model menghasilkan pola arus serta pola sebaran sedimen di muara Sungai Alindau. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pola arus di perairan Sungai Alindau memiliki kecepatan arus maksimum terjadi pada saat kondisi pasang menuju surut purnama sebesar 0,023 m/s dan kecepatan arus minimum terjadi pada kondisi pasang purnama sebesar 0,018 m/s. Secara keseluruhan sebaran sedimen melayang selama 29 hari di sekitar muara Sungai Alindau dominan ke arah barat laut dengan besar konsentrasi sedimen mencapai 306 gr/m3. Hasil penentuan kualitas air di muara Sungai Alindau dengan melihat parameter BOD, COD, dan DO diperoleh bahwa BOD memiliki nilai 0 berada pada kategori kelas A (baik sekali) dengan status memenuhi Baku Mutu Lingkungan (BML), untuk hasil analisis COD memiliki nilai -12 masuk dalam kategori kelas C (Sedang) dengan status cemar sedang, sedangkan untuk parameter DO memiliki nilai -2 masuk ke dalam kategori kelas B (Baik) dengan status cemar ringan. Hasil simulasi modul SED2D untuk arah sebaran BOD dan COD adalah dominan ke arah barat laut.

Kata kunci : Kualitas air, Pola arus, Sebaran konsentrasi sedimen.
NILAI RELIGIOSITAS DALAM KUMPULAN PUISI KARYA GUS BLERO RELIGIOUSITY VALUE OF POEM ANTOLOGY BY GUS BLERO
Authors: Fasari Sabella Arjana , Maflahah Assalilatul , Dewi Ayu Kumala 
Published: July 2020

Puisi mampu menghibur dan memberikan manfaat bagi pembacanya. Di Indonesia puisi banyak membicarakan tentang kehidupan sosial, ekonomi, dan spiritual. Salah satu penyair yang sering membicarakan tentang kehidupan spiriritual adalah Teguh Soetanto yang biasa dikenal dengan sebutan Gus Blero.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai religiositas yang terdapat dalam kumpulan puisi karya Gus Blero. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kumpulan puisi karya Gus Blero yang berjudul Hujan Pertama, Menunggu Tuhan, dan Lagu Pengungsi. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi. Penelitian ini dikaji menggunakan pendekatan etika teori K. Bertens tentang moral dan agama yang mampu menjawab nilai-nilai religiositas pada kumpulan puisi karya Gus Blero.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengarang puisi menitikberatkan pada hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan yaitu (1) takut Tuhan pergi meninggalkan umat manusia, (2) keagungan Tuhan yang telah menciptakan manusia dan seisinya, (3) Bersyukur terhadap Tuhan yang telah memberi rezeki, (5) harapan keajaiban kepada sang Tuhan untuk mendapatkan nasib yang baik. Nilai-nilai kereligiousan di dalam puisi Gus Blero lebih ditonjolkan pada sikap pengarang yang senantiasa untuk beriman kepada Tuhan. Kata Kunci: Puisi, moral, dan religiositas.
Las formas de la vitalidad en la recepción de una obra teatral
Authors: Nudler Alicia Clara , Jacquier María de la Paz , Español Silvia 
Published: July 2020

En el artículo se describe un estudio empírico realizado con espectadores de una obra de teatro-danza, cuyo objetivo fue explorar la captación de formas de la vitalidad (Stern, 1985 y 2010). El estudio se caracteriza por un diseño complejo que implicó (a) la puesta en escena de una obra teatral, (b) la conformación de un estímulo novedoso a partir de la obra, y (c) la creación de tareas a ser realizadas por los espectadores al finalizar la función. La obra a la que asistieron los espectadores/participantes fue Dibaxu del director Hugo Aristimuño. El estímulo creado fue la proyección de dos fragmentos de la obra filmados en vivo en una de las funciones. Las tareas fueron cuatro: dos tareas no-verbales, originales y novedosas, y dos verbales. Se describen los rasgos particulares de la obra, el proceso de creación del estímulo y las tareas creadas. Se presentan los resultados de la tarea verbal que consistió en la selección de palabras descriptoras de formas de la vitalidad para caracterizar los fragmentos seleccionados de la obra presenciada. Se comentan luego los desafíos metodológicos del estudio de la recepción de espectáculos en vivo, se realizan comparaciones con otros trabajos del campo, y se resalta la virtud del diseño que permitió crear un estímulo breve que conserva, sin embargo, las cualidades de la obra completa. Finalmente, se discute la contribución de la investigación realizada tanto al estudio de las formas de la vitalidad como a los estudios de públicos de teatro y danza de orientación cognitiva.
Study Of Diffusion Influence Materials Of Copper-Zinc-Steel On The Hardness And Micro Hardness Under Heat Treatment
Authors: Adwan H Ali 
Published: July 2020

Low melting metals like zinc used in this research to promote increasing of diffusion process with presence of pure powder of copper., this metals have good corrosion resistance in chemical and environmental conditions by making thin film to hardening surface of rod of stainless steel18/8Ni-Cr under heat treatment condition at 890c above eutectic line to reached austerity zone and under this line at 0,600c to obtained re-crystallization annealing and 400c0 at sufficient time 90min..chemical composition ,hardness ,micro-hardness ,and micro structures were investigated to track the effectiveness of diffusion zinc-copper melting in different s points.
THE CONCEPT OF AL-WIHDATUL WUJUD IBNU ARABI (A Sufistic Philosophical Study)
Authors: Abd Rasyid Nurhayati 
Published: July 2020

This paper discusses the concept of Al-Wahdatul Wujud Ibnu Arabi. Ibnu Arabi is a well-known philosof in Islam and he was born in Sapin on 570 hijriah. His philosophical concept and sufistic thought is mostly influenced by Ibn Rushd's and Ibn Sina's philosophy. Ibu Arabi argues that everything in nature has the essence of being" Al-Farabi's philosophy, with the concept of emission (emanation) philosophy Folotinus, "which says that the “One” is everywhere and\ there is no where as a cause. Ibnu Arabi uses the term absolute (al-wujud al-mutlaq) or universal form (al-wujud al Kully) to show reality of the ultimate humans life. Absolute is not limited to any particular form, but is common to all forms of life. Absolute is also understood in the sense of not being in all forms but forms that transcend all the human beings.
Meneroka Pemikiran Ibn Taymiyah
Authors: Usman Muh Ilham 
Published: July 2020

This paper presents the results of the thought of Ibn Taymiyya who criticized philosophy and Sufism. This study uses the thought of character that reveal ideas that have been born by a Muslim scholar. By using a historical approach that sees the Moslem scholars as a historical person who takes part in social reality. The results of the study found that Ibn Taymiyya criticized philosophy in term of Aristotelian logic which had been widely used by Muslim scholars at the time. Whereas in Sufism, Ibn Taymiyya was not entirely Sufis, only he made his criticism of the philosophical Sufism figures and the tarekat practitioners who developed in his day.
Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil pemikiran Ibn Taymiyyah yang melakukan kritik terhadap filsafat dan tasawu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pemikiran kajian tokoh yakni mengungkap gagasan dan ide yang pernah dilahiran oleh seorang tokoh. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis yakni melihat sang tokoh sebagai manusia sejarah yang berkiprah dalam realitas sosial. Hasil kajian menemukan bahwa Ibn Taymiyah tidak sepenuhnya anti-tasawuf, malahan ia sangat mengapresiasi beberapa sufi awal, hanya saja ia melancarkan kritiknya terhadap para tokoh tasawuf falsafi dan para pengamal tarekat yang berkembangn pada zamannya.
Resilience in new nurses: a qualitative study
Authors: Lyu Lei , Xu Ling-Yan , Liu Min , Li Guo-Hong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To explore the resilience experience of new nurses and how new nurses develop and apply resilience strategies to cope with the difficulties during the transition period.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative research method was on data acquired using data semi-structured interviews with 12 new nurses aged 20–26 years whose working time was more than 12 months but less than 24 months.

Results
Analysis of the data could determine participants adopting resilience strategies to withstand difficulties and challenges in transition period. This period consisted of three main phases: “self-protection,” “undertaking challenges,” and “planning future.” The first-line nurse managers’ feedback and flexible shift scheduling paid a vital part in promoting the resilience development of new nurses.

Conclusions
Recognizing the importance of understanding and developing the resilience of new nurses in the transition period could greatly reduce the turnover rate and alleviate the shortage of nurses in global nursing workforce.
KEHIDUPAN BERAGAMA RAJA KERTANAGARA
Authors: Santiko Hariani 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. During the reign of King Kertanagara the last ruler of Singasari, the Buddhist Tantrayana and the Siwa Bhairawa merging together into one religious system. The motivation behind the merging of the two religions is not clear, it may have been tolerant nature of the king or to strengthen the kingdom to face the Chinese enemy Kubilai Khan. For this reason, king Kertanagara built two Siva-Buddhist temples, Candi Jawi and Candi Singasari.
Keywords: Kertanagara, Singasari, Tantrayana

Abstrak. Pada masa pemerintahan Raja Kertanagara, penguasa terakhir Singasari, Buddha Tantrayana dan Siwa Bhairawa bergabung menjadi satu sistem agama. Motif di balik penggabungan kedua agama tersebut belum jelas. Mungkin karena sifat toleran Raja atau untuk memperkuat kerajaan dalam menghadapi musuh dari Cina, Kubilai Khan. Dengan alasan tersebut, Raja Kertanagara membangun dua kuil Siwa-Buddha, Candi Jawi dan Candi Singasari.
Kata Kunci: Kertanagara, Singasari, Tantrayana
TRACING VISHNU THROUGH ARCHAEOLOGICAL REMAINS AT THE WESTERN SLOPE OF MOUNT LAWU
Authors: Purwanto Heri , Prawirajaya R. Kadek Dedy 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. To date, The West Slope area of Mount Lawu has quite a lot of archaeological remains originated from Prehistoric Period to Colonial Period. The number of religious shrines built on Mount Lawu had increased during the Late Majapahit period and were inhabited and used by high priests (rsi) and ascetics. The religious community was resigned to a quiet place, deserted, and placed far away on purpose to be closer to God. All religious activities were held to worship Gods. This study aims to trace Vishnu through archaeological remains. Archaeological methods used in this study are observation, description, and explanation. Result of this study shows that no statue has ever been identified as Vishnu. However, based on archeological data, the signs or symbols that indicated the existence of Vishnu had clearly been observed. The archeological evidences are the tortoise statue as a form of Vishnu Avatar, Garuda as the vehicle of Vishnu, a figure riding Garuda, a figure carrying cakra (the main weapon of Vishnu), and soles of his feet (trivikrama of Vishnu).
Keyword: Mount Lawu, Symbols, Vishnu

Abstrak. Kawasan Lereng Barat Gunung Lawu hingga saat ini cukup banyak menyimpan tinggalan arkeologi, baik yang berasal dari Masa Prasejarah hingga Masa Kolonial. Jumlah bangunan suci keagamaan yang didirikan mengalami peningkatan ketika masa Majapahit Akhir, yang diyakini dibangun dan dihuni oleh kaum rsi dan pertapa. Kaum agamawan tersebut sengaja mengundurkan diri ke tempat yang sunyi, sepi, dan jauh dari keramaian untuk mendekatkan diri kepada Tuhan. Sudah barang tentu kegiataan keagamaan yang dilakukan adalah pemujaan terhadap para dewa. Kajian ini ingin menelusuri jejak keberadaan Wisnu melalui tinggalan arkeologi yang ada. Untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut digunakan metode arkeologi yakni observasi, deskripsi, dan ekplanasi. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa hingga sekarang belum ditemukan adanya arca Wisnu, namun berdasarkan tanda dan simbol yang berkaitan dengan Wisnu jelas teramati. Bukti-bukti tersebut adalah arca kura-kura yang merupakan salah satu wujud dari avatara Wisnu, Garuda wahana dari Wisnu, tokoh menunggang garuda, tokoh membawa cakra (senjata utama dari Wisnu), dan telapak kaki (trivikrama Wisnu).
Kata kunci: Gunung Lawu, Simbol, Wisnu
El editor de revistas académicas: institucionalidad y responsabilidad
Authors: Rubio Alfonso 
Published: July 2020

El pasado 15 de mayo de este presente año de 2020, Colciencias abrió una nueva convocatoria para la “indexación de revistas científicas colombianas especializadas” (Publindex, n° 875 de 2020)[1]. Y de nuevo, año tras año, aparecen los trastornos y las inconformidades entre los editores de las revistas académicas colombianas. Se dio a conocer así un comunicado donde se informaba de una llamada “Propuesta de trabajo para la reforma de Publindex”, elaborada por una mesa “Mesa de Editores” que se creó en junio de este 2020 y en la que participaron, según dice el comunicado, cincuenta y dos editores. Entre ellos no estaba la representación de esta revista, Historia y Espacio, como no estaba la representación de muchas otras. La Mesa, se dice también en dicho comunicado, “ha venido avanzando por su cuenta” y ya cuenta con una “propuesta para modificar a fondo Publindex” que espera difundir prontamente.
Efficacy and safety of percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure devices for recurrent stroke: A systemic review and network metaanalysis
Authors: Nie Hao , Hu Yang , Tang Zhouping 
Published: July 2020

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that directly compare the efficacy and safety of percutaneous patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure devices have not been conducted. Thus, we performed a network meta-analysis to identify the efficacy and safety of occluder devices. Methods: From 1st January, 2000 to 1st May, 2018, we searched Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library for RCTs about percutaneous closure devices (such as STARFlex, GORE, and Amplatzer) and medical therapy for cryptogenic cerebral ischemic patients with PFO. The occurrence rate of recurrent stroke, atrial fibrillation (AF), major vascular complication (MVC), headache, transient ischemic attack, and bleeding were compared with the frequentist and Bayesian methods using R statistics. Results: We included 3747 patients from six RCTs. The GORE and Amplatzer occluders were found to be significantly associated with a decreased risk of recurrent stroke [relative risk (RR): 0.37 and 0.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.17–0.81, 0.29–0.83, respectively]. Moreover, STARFlex was correlated to an increased risk of postoperative AF and MVCs (RR: 11.66 and 7.63; 95% CI: 4.87–21.91, 2.34–24.88). Conclusions: Among the three devices, the GORE and Amplatzer occluders are found to be the most effective in preventing secondary stroke in patients with PFO. Meanwhile, STARFlex is the least recommended device because it cannot decrease the risk of recurrent stroke and is the most likely to cause adverse events.
Menumbuhkembangkan Kecerdasan Majemuk Siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Melalui Metode Pembelajaran Quantum Teaching Dan Learning
Authors: Sa’diyah Zumrotus 
Published: July 2020

Education aims to educate the nation and develop Indonesian people, the meaning of educating is a process of intelligent life of the nation that has not become a nation of intelligent life. Every human being is born with the potential and intelligence are different and not infrequently they have a lot of intelligence, or more commonly referred to as multiple intelligences. Thus as a teacher in charge understand the intelligences that exist in the students then develop and facilitate student learning by applying quantum teaching and learning hopefully can develop the intelligence of multiple intelligences that exist so that students can form fine Keywords: Multiple Intelligences, Quantum Teaching Learning