bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moderate rate of transmitted resistance mutations to antiretrovirals and genetic diversity in newly HIV-1 patients diagnosed in Benin.
Authors: TCHIAKPE EDMOND , Keke Rene K , Vidal Nicole , Ahoussinou Clément , Sekpe Olga , Dagba Hermione G , Gbaguidi Eric , Tonoukouen Conrad , Afangnihoun Aldric , Bachabi Moussa , Gangbo Flore A , Ndiaye Halimatou Diop , Kane Coumba Toure 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective Seventeen years after the start of the IBAARV (Beninese initiative for access to antiretrovirals), transmitted drug resistance mutations in ARV naïve patients and HIV-1 genetic diversity were investigated in Benin. Results Drug resistance mutations were detected in (27/248; 10.9%) according to the WHO SDRM 2009 list, with a predominance of mutations directed to NNRTIs drugs (24/248; 10%). Phylogenetic and recombination analyses showed a predominance of CRF02_AG strains (165/248; 66.5%) and a high genetic diversity with five other variants and 39 URFs (15.7%) which contained portions of strains that co-circulate in Benin. Eight recent transmission chains revealed active ongoing transmission of HIV-1 strains among ARV naïve patients. Our study showed a moderate primary drug resistance mutations rate and also provided recent data on the HIV-1 variants that circulate in Benin. Regular monitoring of primary drug resistance is required to adapt HIV-1 treatment strategies and adoption of new WHO recommendations in Benin.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with severe COVID-19 in Jiangsu province, China: a retrospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Liu Songqiao , Luo Huanyuan , Wang Yuancheng , Cuevas Luis E. , Wang Duolao , Ju Shenghong , Yang Yi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has become a major health event that endangers people health throughout China and the world. Understanding the factors associated with COVID-19 disease severity could support the early identification of patients with high risk for disease progression, inform prevention and control activities, and potentially reduce mortality. This study aims to describe the characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and factors associated with severe or critically ill presentation.Methods: Multicentre retrospective cohort study of all individuals with confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections diagnosed at 24 COVID-19-designated hospitals in Jiangsu province between the 10th January and 15th March 2020. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were collected at hospital admission and data on disease severity were collected at from admission. Patients were categorised as asymptomatic/mild/moderate, and severe/critically ill according to the worst level of COVID-19 recorded during hospitalisation.Results: A total of 625 patients, 64 (10.2%) were severe/critically ill and 561 (89.8%) were asymptomatic/mild/moderate. All patients were discharged and no patients died. Patients with severe/critically ill COVID-19 were more likely to be older, to be single onset (i.e. not to a cluster of cases in family/community), to have a medical history of hypertension and diabetes; had higher temperature, faster respiratory rates, lower peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (SpO2), and higher CT image quadrant scores and pulmonary opacity percentage; had increased C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and D-dimer on admission; and had lower white blood cells, lymphocyte, and platelet counts and albumin on admission than asymptomatic/mild/moderate cases. Multivariable regression showed that odds of being a severe/critically ill case were associated with age (year) (OR 1.06, 95%CI 1.03-1.09), lymphocyte count (109/L) (OR 0.25, 95%CI 0.08-0.74), and pulmonary opacity in CT (per 5%) on admission (OR 1.31, 95%CI 1.15-1.51).Conclusions: Severe or critically ill patients with COVID-19 is about one-tenths of patients in Jiangsu. Age, lymphocyte count, and pulmonary opacity in CT on admission were associated with risk of severe or critically ill COVID-19.
Objective Validation of YouTubeTM Educational Videos for the Instruction of Regional Anesthesia Nerve Blocks: A Novel Approach
Authors: Tewfik George , Work Adam , Shulman Steven , Discepola Patrick 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: YouTubeTM (“YouTube”) is often used as an educational tool to instruct anesthesia providers on regional anesthesia nerve blocks. However, there is no current objective standard to assess the educational quality of these user-uploaded videos. A new approach was used to objectively validate these videos by comparing them to high quality educational sources for the seven most commonly used nerve blocks.Objective: We sought to evaluate the educational quality of user-uploaded videos when compared to the highest quality anesthesia society websites (NYSORA, ACEP, USRA)Methods: After reviewing the instructional material available for the seven most frequently conducted nerve blocks on high-quality reference websites, we documented the educational characteristics present including such things as indications, volume, anatomy, etc. Next we reviewed the five most popular videos on YouTube for each block (by views) and documented the presence or absence of these educational characteristics. Results: Eighteen educational characteristics were documented in the “high-quality” anesthesia society reference material. Correlation was sought between this material and YouTube videos. Although there were varying degrees of correlation between the high quality sources and the videos, rarely did YouTube videos contain as high a percentage of these educational characteristics as the well-established sources. Some videos contained very few of these important educational characteristics. Conclusion: Although YouTube has been used an educational tool, we recommend that only high quality sources be used to teach or illustrate regional anesthesia nerve blocks.
Neurodevelopmental outcome and respiratory management of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome: a retrospective study
Authors: Ogata Tomomi , Muramatsu Kazuhiro , Miyana Kaori , Ozawa Hiroshi , Iwasaki Motoki , Arakawa Hirokazu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare disease characterized by sleep apnea. Anoxia often occurs soon after birth, and it is important to prevent anoxia-mediated central nervous system complications; however, data on the relationship between respiratory management and the prognosis for intellectual development of patients with CCHS is not well yet investigate. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review cohort study of patients with CCHS in Japan. We investigated the risk and prognostic factors for developmental outcomes and examined the disease in terms of its symptoms, diagnosis, complications, and treatment. Results: Of the 123 patients with CCHS included in the survey, 88 patients were 6 years old and older. They were divided into two group based on their intelligence quotient. Those treated using positive-pressure ventilation via tracheostomy in the first three months of life had a better developmental prognosis than those managed via tracheostomy after three months of age and those treated by ventilation using mask (OR = 3.80; 95% CI: 1.00–14.37, OR = 4.65; 95% CI: 1.11–19.37). There was no significant difference in physical development (P = 0.64).Conclusions: The best respiratory treatment for patients with CCHS is ventilation via tracheostomy, initiated ideally before the age of three months.
A spatiotemporal simulation study on the transmission of harmful microorganisms through connected healthcare workers in a hospital ward setting
Authors: Niekerk Magnus J. M. van , Stein Alfred A. , Doting Edwina M. H. E. , Lokate Mariëtte M. , Braakman-Jansen Annemarie L. M. A. , Gemert-Pijnen Lisette J. E. W. C. van 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Transmission of harmful microorganisms may lead to infections and poses a major threat to patients and healthcare workers in healthcare settings. The most effective countermeasure against the transmission and spread of harmful microorganisms is the adherence to spatiotemporal hand hygiene policies, but adherence rates are relatively low and vary over space and time. The spatiotemporal effects on the transmission and spread of harmful microorganisms for varying levels of hand hygiene compliance are unknown. The objectives of this study are to (1) identify a healthcare worker occupancy group of potential super-spreaders and (2) quantify spatiotemporal effects on the transmission and spread of harmful microorganisms for varying levels of hand hygiene compliance caused by this group.Methods: Spatiotemporal data were collected in a ward of an academic hospital using radio frequency identification technology for seven days. A potential super-spreader healthcare worker occupation group was identified using the contact data derived from the frequency identification sensors. The effects of five probability distributions of hand hygiene compliance and three rates of harmful microorganism transmission were simulated using a dynamic agent-based simulation model. The effects of initial simulation assumptions on the simulation results were quantified using five risk factors.Results: Nurses, doctors and patients are together responsible for 78.8% of all contacts. Nurses made up 57% of all contacts, which is more than five times that of doctors (11.1%). This identifies nurses as the potential super-spreader healthcare worker occupation group. For initial simulation conditions of extreme lack of hand hygiene compliance (5%) and high transmission rates (5% per contact moment), a colonized nurse can transfer microbes to three of the 17 healthcare worker or patients encountered during the 87 minutes of visiting 22 rooms while colonized. The harmful microorganism transmission potential for nurses is higher during weeknights (5 pm – 7 am) and weekends as compared to weekdays (7 am – 5 pm). Conclusion: Spatiotemporal behaviour and social mixing patterns of healthcare can change the expected number of transmissions and spread of harmful microorganism by super-spreaders in a closed healthcare setting. These insights can be used to develop better-informed infection prevention and control strategies.
A rare mutation c.1663G&gt;A (p.A555T) in the MMUT gene associated with mild clinical and biochemical phenotypes of methylmalonic acidemia in 30 Chinese patients
Authors: Liang Lili , Shuai Ruixue , Yu Yue , Qiu Wenjuan , Shen Linghua , Wu Shengnan , Wei Haiyan , Chen Yongxing , Yang Chiju , Xu Peng , Chen Xigui , Zou Hui , Feng Jizhen , Niu Tingting , Hu Haili , Ye Jun , Zhang Huiwen , Lu Deyun , Gong Zhuwen , Zhan Xia , Ji Wenjun , Yu Yongguo , Gu Xuefan , Han Lianshu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Methylmalonic acidemia is an inherited organic acid metabolic disease. it involves multiple physiological systems and has variable manifestations. The primary causative gene MMUT carries wide range of mutations, and one of them, c.1663G>A (p.A555T), is considered to be of an extremely rare type. So far, little is known about the clinical features of patients carrying this mutation. In the present study, we aimed to define the clinical and biochemical features of the patients with this genotype.Methods: Among 328 mut type methylmalonic acidemia patients from multiple hospitals in China, we collected 30 compound heterozygous patients sharing the mutation c.1663G>A (p.A555T) in the MMUT gene. Their clinical characteristics and biochemical index were described in detail and compared with methylmalonic acidemia patients without this variant. Results: Most of these patients were diagnosed via newborn screening (26/30), treated in a timely manner, and kept healthy (24/30). Disease onset occurred in 7 patients. Developmental delay or intellectual impairment occurred in 4 patients. Vitamin B12 is responsive in 100% of these patients (29/29). The blood propionylcarnitine, blood propionylcarnitine/acetylcarnitine ratio, urinary methylmalonic acid, urinary methylcitric acid before and after treatment in c.1663G>A (p.A555T) carrying patients were much lower than those in non-c.1663G>A (p.A555T) carrying patients.Conclusion: Compared to patients with other mutations in the MMUT gene, patients with the c.1663G>A (p.A555T) mutation showed later onset, milder clinical phenotype, lighter biochemical abnormalities, better vitamin B12 responsiveness, lower morbidity, easier metabolic control, and thereby better prognosis. Newborn screening project plays an important role in early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of these patients.
Impact of Teacher-Student Writing Conferences on Frequency and Accuracy of Using Cohesive Devices in EFL Students’ Writing
Authors: Alfalagg Abdullah Rajab 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
While the bulk of feedback studies have focused on written corrective feedback, oral feedback in teacher-student writing conferences in EFL context has been underexplored. This article investigated teacher oral feedback based on the tenets of sociocultural theory. It examined the impact of teacher-student writing conferences on students’ accuracy and frequency of cohesive devices employment. The study followed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, intervention and post-test. Data were collected from an intensive writing course for intermediate students at the college level. Based on guided-free writing prompts, the students had to write argumentative paragraphs of about 150-180 words followed by individual conference sessions to offer them oral feedback. The findings showed that oral feedback in writing conferences statistically impacted the students’ writing performance with huge effect size (Cohen’s d = 2.19). Moreover, the results demonstrated empirical evidence that writing conferences positively impacted the students’ frequency of employing referential markers (t value = -3.011; p= 0.006 < 0.05) and conjunctions (t value=-2.200; p= 0.039 < 0.05). Further, oral feedback statistically impacted the students’ accuracy of utilizing referential markers (t value= -6.874; p= 0.000 < 0.05) and conjunctions (t value= -7.253; p= 0.000 < 0.05). Writing conferences provided mediated learning experience for the students. The oral feedback assisted the students to decrease the overuse of the first, second person pronouns and the definite article ‘the’ with generic meaning in their writing. Instead, they depended on noun phrases and the third person pronouns which contributed to the text overall cohesion by creating explicit chains of references to the antecedents within the textual environment. Also, oral feedback helped the students to use conjunctions appropriately and accurately, so their texts were written densely cohesive. Pedagogical implications were discussed at the end of the article.
Key words: Teacher-student writing conferences; oral feedback; cohesion; referential markers; conjunctions; EFL students
Therapeutic potential of CKD-506, a novel selective histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor, in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Park Jin Kyun , Jang Yu Jin , Oh Bo Ram , Shin Jieun , Bae Daekwon , Ha Nina , Choi Young Il , Youn Gi Soo , Park Jinseu , Lee Eun Young , Lee Eun Bong , Song Yeong-Wook 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 promotes inflammation. We investigated the anti-arthritic effects of CKD-506, a novel HDAC6 inhibitor, in vitro and in a murine model of arthritis as a novel treatment option for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

HDAC6 was overexpressed in mouse peritoneal macrophages and RAW 264.7 cells and the effects of a HDAC6 inhibitor CKD-506 on cytokine production and activity of NF-κB and AP-1 signaling were examined. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from RA patients and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were activated in the presence of CKD-506. Next, regulatory T cells (Treg) were induced from RA patients and co-cultured with healthy effector T cells (Teff) and cell proliferation was analyzed by flow cytometry. Finally, the effects of the inhibitor on the severity of arthritis was assessed in a murine model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA).

Results

Overexpression of HDAC6 induced in macrophages to produce TNF-α and IL-6. The inhibitory effect of CKD-506 was mediated via blockade of NF-κB and AP-1 activation. HDAC6 inhibition reduced TNF-α and IL-6 production by activated RA-PBMCs. Also, CKD-506 inhibited production of MMP-1, MMP-3, IL-6 and IL-8 by activated FLS. In addition, CKD-506 inhibited proliferation of Teffs directly and indirectly by improving iTreg function. In AIA rats, oral CKD-506 improved clinical arthritis in a dose-dependent manner. A combination of sub-therapeutic CKD-506 and methotrexate exerted a synergistic effect.

Conclusion

The novel HDAC6 inhibitor CKD-506 induces regulatory immune responses in monocytes/macrophages, improves Treg function, and ameliorates arthritis severity in a murine model of RA. Thus, CKD-506 might be a novel and effective treatment option for RA.
Bioinformatic analysis reveals MIR502 as a potential tumour suppressor in ovarian cancer
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Qi , Ning Ning , Tang Fanglan , Wang Yan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a major cause of death among women due to the lack of early screening methods and its complex pathological progression. Increasing evidence has indicated that microRNAs regulate gene expression in tumours by interacting with mRNAs. Although the research regarding OC and microRNAs is extensive, the vital role of MIR502 in OC remains unclear.Methods: We integrated two microRNA expression arrays from GEO to identify differentially expressed genes. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to screen for miRNAs that had an influence on survival outcome. Upstream regulators of MIR502 were predicted by JASPAR and verified by ChIP-seq data. The LinkedOmics database was used to study genes that were correlated with MIR502. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was conducted for functional annotation with GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses by using the open access WebGestalt tool. We constructed a PPI network by using STRING to further explore the core proteins.Results: We found that the expression level of MIR502 was significantly downregulated in OC, which was related to poor overall survival. NRF1, as an upstream regulator of MIR502, was predicted by JASPAR and verified by ChIP-seq data. In addition, anti-apoptosis and pro-proliferation genes in the Hippo signalling pathway, including CCND1, MYC, FGF1 and GLI2, were negatively regulated by MIR502, as shown in the GO and KEGG pathway enrichment results. The PPI network further demonstrated that CCND1 and MYCN were at core positions in the development of ovarian cancer. Conclusions: MIR502, which is regulated by NRF1, acts as a tumour suppressor gene to accelerate apoptosis and suppress proliferation by targeting the Hippo signalling pathway in ovarian cancer.
Moxibustion therapy on Myofascial Pain Syndrome: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline protocol
Authors: wu zenan , Xu Guixing , Xiong Jun , Zuo Zhengyun , Xie Qiongshan , Yu Xinyu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Myofascial Pain syndrome (MPS) is a chronic systemic Pain disorder. Among the common treatments, moxibustion has an irreplaceable therapeutic effect and is an effective Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) therapy for MPS. However, the lack of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) has prompted the publication of guidelines on the use of moxibustion in the treatment of MPS
Methods

The CPG will base on the Institute of Medicine (IOM), the World Health Organization(WHO) guideline handbook, the Grade of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE),the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & EvaluationⅡ (AGREEⅡ), Reporting Items for practice Guideline in Health care (RIGHT), and recommendations thereof will be made on the basis of systematic reviews. We will establish a guidelines development team that will draft clinical questions in the form of population, intervention, comparison, results (PICO) and conduct a literature search and quality of evidence assessment. The Experts will make recommendations after two or three rounds of Delphi investigations We will carefully consider the patient's values and preferences and conduct a peer review.
Ethics and dissemination:

The guidelines will not contain any personal data and will not prejudice individual rights, so no ethical approval will be required. The guidelines will be subject to rigorous peer review and may be published in a journal or circulated at relevant conferences.
Results

The guidelines will be published in relevant peer-reviewed journals.
Conclusion

This guide will make it easier for clinicians to treat MPS in the clinical setting and improve the effectiveness of treatment for MPS
Study registration:

The study is registered with the International Practice Guideline Registry Platform(IPGRP) :IPGRP-2020CN030
Modelling Community Participatory Systems to Improve Health Care interventions for Adolescents in Latin America
Authors: Cordova-Pozo Kathya Lorena , Hagens Arnold , Sojo-Milano Mayira , Auquilla Nancy , Cruz Francisca 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCommunity participation is a systematic process where a group of people unites with the intention to solve a common problem. Although it is not new, every project adopts their own vision of participation which could impact differently to the outcomes of the project and may not lead to improve their original situation. The goal of this study was to model the interrelationship of Participatory Action Research (PAR) with the improvement of health that adds up to Community Development (CD) and describe the implementation in recent projects in Latin America.MethodsThe approach of this research is qualitative and intends to construct a framework that displays the relationshipbetweenPAR-CDtolater assess the implementation of seven Latin American projects. Group Model Building (GMB) and document assessment were used as methods.ResultsAdynamic system model is presented.The target variable is CD while control variables are the situation analysis, stakeholders, policy, bidirectional contribution, context-based for cultural-social-ethical, evidence-based and availability of resources.In the document assessment some missing elements were identified like dynamics of time, evidence base, cost-effectiveness, availability of resources, feasibility, replicability, sustainability, and scalability.ConclusionsThis research demonstrates that success of PAR-CD depends on a complex and dynamic system that contains causal loops and control factors. It alsoevidences the gap between an ideal model and what is implemented of PAR-CDgivingopportunities for improvement.Trial registration: Permission to conduct this study was granted by a research ethics committee at Colegio Medico de Cochabamba, Bolivia.