bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of manual brewing techniques on the sensory profiles of Arabica coffees (Aceh Gayo wine process and Bali Kintamani honey process)
Authors: Sunarharum W B , Farhan M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Post-harvest processing is known as one of the most important factors that influence coffee flavour quality. Amongst many different fermentation techniques, honey and wine processing are getting more popular in the country these days. Therefore, many single origins coffees processed following these techniques. There are also several manual brewing techniques readily available for Indonesian coffee consumers, and those techniques may give distinctive sensory characteristics to the brewed coffees. This research was aimed to study the effect of manual brewing techniques i.e. Indonesian “tubruk” method, Vietnam drip, cold brew, and aero press on the sensory profiles of two Arabica coffee samples i.e. Aceh Gayo wine process and Bali Kintamani honey process. As many as 10 selected, validated and trained student panellists were employed to assess 33 sensory attributes based on Sensory Descriptive Analysis method. Data analysis was performed using Minitab 17. The result has indicated that 22 to 24 sensory attributes were significantly different (α = 0.05) as influenced by different manual brewing techniques, while different coffees with different post-harvest processing created significant effect particularly in the fermented, berry, woody, and sweet notes.
The making of Gynura procumbens powder
Authors: Sari M P , Sinaga H , Lubis L M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Gynura procumbens, also known as sambung nyawa is a medicinal plant that belongs to Astereceae family. Many research and studies shows that Gynura procumbens is well known for its bioactive compounds and health benefits. Gynura procumbens leaves are often consumed raw or added in cooking. Gynura procumbens leaves are easily withered and rotten because of its high moisture. Therefore, the aim of this study was to make the Gynura procumbens as a powder that can be used and more applied, especially in the production of food and drinks as a form of food diversification and functional food. The making of Gynura procumbens powder consists of sorting, washing, blanching, drying, blending, sieving, packing and sealing, then analysing its moisture, total ash, and crude fibre. The powder was analysed using standard official methods and three replicates. The analysis results of the Gynura procumbens powder were moisture (6.6773%) which is lower than in the fresh leaves (82.4898%), total ash (6.3846%) which is higher than in the fresh leaves (4.3232%), and crude fibre (5.5527%) which is lower than in the fresh leaves (6.4458%).
Making artificial rice from sorghum flour, corn flour and cassava starch by using mini extruder
Authors: Ridwansyah  , Sinaga H , Adiba I F 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The research was did to introduce how to making artificial rice from composite flour (Sorghum bocolor L. Moench, Zea mays, and Manihot esculenta) by using mini extruder. The research was conducted using a non-factorial randomized block design using two steps of processes. The first step is making composite flour based on sorghum flour (with two types of pre-treatment such as hulled sorghum seeds and germinated sorghum seeds), corn flour and cassava starch. Hulled sorghum flour was processed such as being sorted, hulled, cleaned, dried, milled, and sieved. Germinated sorghum flour was made by steps such as being cleaned, sorted, soaked for 72 hours in room temperature, germinated for 36 hours on damp gunny, washed, dried, milled, and sieved. The second step is making artificial rice by using mini extruder. The artificial rice with the hulled sorghum flour has darker colour than the germinated sorghum flour and both of those treatments has the heterogen shapes and was not similar to rice in shape. The artificial rice with germinated sorghum seemed to be more appealing than the artificial rice with hulled sorghum. Mini extruder still need to be improved so that it could give the better results in making artificial rice.
Utilization of orange fleshed sweet potato flour, starch and residual flour in biscuits making
Authors: Harahap E S , Julianti E , Sinaga H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) is one type of sweet potatoes that is in great demand as it has attractive colour, high starch and fibre content, and excellent source of strong antioxidants, provide health beneficial effect. In this study, OFSP was processed into flour, starch, and residual flour from OFSP starch processing and they were used as ingredients for making biscuits to substitute the wheat flour. Ratios of wheat flour: OFSP flour: OFSP starch: residual flour were 85:5:5:5; 70:10:10:10; 55:15:15:15; and 40:20:20:20. The resulting biscuits were analysed for their textural property and sensory quality. The results showed the ratio of wheat flour, OFSP flour, starch and residual flour significantly affected the textural property and quality of sensory biscuits produced. Biscuits with the formula ratio of 55% wheat flour, and 15% OFSP flour, 15% OFSP starch and 15% OFSP residual flour had good textural properties and can also be accepted by consumers.
The analysis of Krai Tuna (Auxis thazard) resource utilization level using pure seine fishing gear in West Coast Waters, Sibolga
Authors: Fadhilah A , Juniyanti D , Soemaryono Y , Susetya I E , Dewinta A F 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Krai Tuna (Auxis thazard) is one of the economically important pelagic fish and has a wide distribution to the waters of the Indian Ocean, Sibolga. Utilization of fish resources has provided economic benefits to business people, but to use of resources has external and positive impacts. The exploitation of species has increased throughout the year and is generally caught by pure seine fishing gear. This study aims to determine the status of utilization and allowable catch of Krai Tuna (Auxis thazard) in Sibolga City caught using purse seine fishing gear. Secondary data analysis was using the Schaefer model. The level of utilization of Krai Tuna (Auxis thazard) resources was over the past 5 years based on purse seine fishing gear with average value of 87.42% and an effort rate of 76.97%. This shows that the condition of the level of resource utilization of Krai Tuna (Auxis thazard) is already densely caught. So in this case the results must be optimized by reducing the effort of catching because of that the condition of Krai Tuna (Auxis thazard) resources remain sustainable.
Molting mud crab (Scylla serrata) in the mangrove ecosystem service
Authors: Basyuni M , Indrawan R , Putri L A P , Yusraini E , Lesmana I 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Mud crabs (Scylla serrata) are one of the coastal fisheries commodities, especially in mangrove forests. This study was proposed to determine mangrove ecosystems service to produce molting of mud crab (S. serrata). This research on mangrove crab molting using a completely randomized design with four levels of treatment, namely ablation, autotomy, ablation + autotomy and control with three replications. The highest growth rate was ablation (molting percentage 80.95%, and 100% survival, growth 12.51%/day) and lowest ablation + autotomy (growth 4.95%/day, molting percentage 19.05%, growth 4.95% of the day). The differences in molting stimulation affect the percentage of molting.
Effect of shading on availability and nutrient balance in soils planted with Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson as cover crop
Authors: Asbur Y , Purwaningrum Y , Mindalisma  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the role of A. gangetica as cover crops in increasing the availability and nutrient content of N, P, K in the soil on the nutrient balance under with shade and without shade conditions. The experiment was conducted in Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, UISU, Gedung Johor Medan, Indonesia from February 2018 to June 2018. The research method is a non-factorial randomized block design with shading as treatment and six replications. Treatment consists of without shade and with shade 50%. A. gangetica was planted using stem cuttings measuring 15 cm or two segments with a spacing 20 cm x 20 cm and on a plot size of 2 m x 2 m. The shade is paranet 50%. Urea is given at a dose of 150 kg/ha. The results showed that A. gangetica as a cover crop, both in conditions without shade and with shade 50%, was able to increase the available N, P, K soil based on the nutrient balance, namely 16.25%, 86.33%, and 426.99% respectively in treatments without shade, and 13.10%, 171.06%, and 560.43% respectively in shade 50% treatment.
Effect of sound treatment on phosphate solubilizing microbial activity
Authors: Munar A , Sembiring M , Tantawi A R , Sabrina T 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Many soils have the problem of high phosphate retention values (> 85%) thus P is not available for plants. The activity of phosphate solubilizing microbes (PSM) is able to facilitate the availability of phosphorus in the soil. The ability of each microbe to dissolve inorganic phosphate varies and depends on the type of microbe and the microbial growth factors. In nature, almost all forms of life are surrounded by various types of sounds and they also interact with these sounds. Previous research found that the soil that had been applied with the murottal Al-Qur’an sound for 2 hours per day for 7 days increased the total population of soil microbes 23.08% more than without applying murottal sound. This research was carried out in the laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara from April to August 2019. This treatment was sounds on 9 rhizosphere of corn, were put into the box. The sounds were treat every morning during 2 hours at 08.00 -10.00 o’clock and compared with 9 rhizosphere of corn was not treated with sounds. The result showed that sound treatment affected the growth of phosphate solubilizing microbes and all microbes that were not pathogenic to plans.
Effects of type of biochar and dolomite – coffee compost application on characteristic of soybean germination
Authors: Zamriyetti  , Mayly S , Mufriah D 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects from biochar types application and dolomite-coffee compost application on characteristic of soybean germination. This study used factorial randomized design with two factors and two replications. The biochar types application that were applied were no biochar, rice husk biochar, rice straw biochar. Second factor was dolomite-coffee compost application such as control, dolomite 500 kg/ha, coffee compost 10 ton/ha, dolomite 500 kg/ha + coffee compost 10 ton/ha. The parameters observed in this research were root length, shoot length, root volume, root and shoot dry weight. Result of study indicated that rice straw biochar had the highest value of soybean germination like shoot length, root volume, root and shoot dry weight compared with other biochar types application. The highest value of root volume and root dry weight were found from dolomite application. Combination rice straw biochar with dolomite application showed the highest value of soybean germination.
The Risk of the Development of Non-Carcinogenic Effects from Exposure to Chemicals that Pollute the Atmospheric Air for the Health of Adolescents in an Urbanized Areas (Using the Example of Kazan)
Authors: Valeeva E R , Ismagilova C A , Ziyatdinova A I , Semanov D A 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAssessment of risk for adolescents due to atmospheric air pollution showed that the highest contribution to the total value of HI on inhalation route of entry was made by the suspended particulate matters PM2.5and the spread of values in the districts was from 15.03 % to 18.68 %. 12.02% - 20.95%; carbon (soot) – (11.54% - 18.68%) and formaldehyde (4.88% - 9.47%) ranked second. An alarming level of risk for adolescents was identified in 1 (HI = 3.04) and 2 (HI = 3.23) zones of the city. The risk of diseases of the blood ranked second in general toxic action of chemicals. The total risk of developing non-carcinogenic effects in adolescents on entry of chemicals with atmospheric air corresponded to average level. The substances contributing the main percentage share to the risk of developing non-carcinogenic effects are carbon (soot), suspended particulate matters (PM10and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide, carbon oxide, and formaldehyde
Invariant to Observation Conditions, the Algorithm for Processing Spatially Distributed Data from a Monitoring Network Consisting of Three Sensors
Authors: Chernetsova E , Burlov V , Shishkin A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A multi-sensory environmental monitoring system is being considered, in which pollution data is transmitted via radio from three sensors. It is assumed that the centralized processing of information at the point of observation and control in order to detect a signal indicating the presence of contamination. The proposed processing algorithm is invariant to any transformations of data coming from sensors. It keeps the property of the data to be equally or differently distributed. Such transformations are any non-monotonic functions of the original observations. It is shown that with respect to these transformations, the maximum invariant statistics is the set of ranks of quantities taken as elements of a single sample. The developed detection algorithm has a sufficiently high resistance to observation conditions, since it retains its working capacity when the observation conditions are non-stationary. The algorithm is also invariant to the law of fluctuations of the pollution signal and its location among the last two observed sites and provides a constant probability of false alarm in any (a priori unknown) noise distribution.
Interdisciplinary Model of Subsoil Use System
Authors: Belov V V , Lebedev Yu V , Gorbunov A V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The difficult environmental, economic, social and political situations require a deep analysis of interdisciplinary connections in industrial areas. The “system of subsoil use” is a set of mined subsoil areas characterized by geological, geomechanical and aerogasdynamic processes, and industrial production, connected to the civil society and the natural environment by the flows of energy, substance, and information. The flows of biogenic elements in the areas of subsoil use change in the direction of increasing the physical flows of the bio-elements carrying (into the World Ocean) the biological product flows. Energy flows in the areas of subsoil use, that are present in the form of net primary production of the biosphere, radically change in the direction of increasing the anthropogenic (man-made) channel to 8-12%. Environmental information flows in subsoil use areas contain data about whether the environmental conditions are suitable for the biotic regulation. The originality of the “system of subsoil use” concept lies in taking into account the energy, substance, and information flows distribution between the system components and the possibility of an objective analysis of the system effectiveness and its compliance with the concept of sustainable development of industrial areas.
Modelling of the Transport–Technological Process of Delivery of Wood Raw Materials under the Conditions of Uncertainty
Authors: Enaleeva – Bandura I M , Nikonchuk A V , Chernykh R A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article considers the most well-known existing methods of modeling of the transportation process under the conditions of uncertainty, describes the analysis of specified methods of optimization of the transport–technological process. The modern stage of development of the market economy requires new approaches to the transportation of wood raw materials for the purpose of increasing the effectiveness of the transport-technological process. In this regard, the problems related to transport logistics appear to be particularly topical. The subject of transport logistics is a set of planning and management problems associated with the transportation of wood freights by different kinds and types of transport, namely: ensuring technical and technological connectivity between participants involved in the transport process, coordinating their economic interests; ensuring technological uniformity of transport and warehousing facilities; collaborative planning of manufacturing, transport and warehousing processes; selecting kinds of vehicles (Vs); selecting types of Vs; determining rational routes; selecting carriers and forwarding agents. This set of specified problems lies within the general scheme of transport logistics problems. A traditional transport problem may be stated in all cases when it is necessary to determine a scheme of transportation of some wood freight (freights) from one destination to another, to find the most reasonable way (route) of transportation, to select a type of vehicles and determine the time of performance of this operation, but each of the mentioned cases is associated with a certain statement of a transport problem. At the same time, we use the assumption that the cost of transportation of a wood product along any route is proportional to its volume. In practice, however, this assumption does not frequently come to fruition. A problem becomes more complicated if, when it is stated, it is necessary to consider that the cost of transportation depends not only on the pair "supplier–consumer", but also on the characteristics of a freight to be transported, a type of vehicles to be used, etc. It also should be noted that the practice of supply chains: rarely uses only one type of vehicles; as a rule, the transportation process involves two or more types of transport; in addition to dynamic factors, the transport-technological process is also affected by uncertainty factors. Thus, the search for new solutions by developing mathematical models suitable to realities on the basis of a logistic approach, with the uncertainty of input parameters taken into account, appears to be a topical scientific problem.
The Conceptual Bases of the Scientific Direction “Technosphere Safety”
Authors: Aladyshkin I V , Kulik S V , Efremov S V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The paper is dedicated to the analysis of the conceptual foundation of the research area “Technosphere Safety”. It analyzes the conditions under which the ideas were formed in the Soviet past and the circumstances of their convergence with the field investigating the issues of hazards and threats. The authors conclude that the current situation in exploring the problems of safety relates to concrete historic dependence of renovation processes taking place in the post-Soviet scientific space. The evolution of the system of scientific knowledge connected with the integral research area called Life Safety (LS) is studied separately. This study shows that the conceptual grounds of the research area “Technosphere Safety” lie at the confluence of diverse trends and attitudes towards technical reality, qualitative rethinking of the nature of hazards and risks of technogenic society, and some attempts to renovate the system of training safety experts. This combination has brought about many contradictions and problems in today’s condition of the theoretical foundation of technosphere safety issue
Metrics for Marine Traffic Safety Estimation with Respect to Data of Automatic Identification System
Authors: Grinyak V M , Devyatisilnyi A S , Ivanenko Y S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The paper is devoted to the problem of ensuring navigation safety on the sea. The task of determining patterns of motion parameters (clustering) in a multidimensional phase space (coordinates, velocity, course, etc.) is considered. It is proposed to refer to the retrospective data on the movement of vessels provided by the Automatic Identification System (AIS) and available on open Internet resources. One of the results of solving a general problem is the idea of the intensity of movement in the water area. The paper introduces a set of traffic intensity metrics based on the number and trajectory properties of vessels passing through certain water area.
The Ceramic Dust Utilization at the Asphalt Mix Production
Authors: Himich T S , Matveev S A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The possibility of using industrial waste - ceramic dust in the production of asphalt concrete is considered. The characteristics of ceramic dust and building sand are compared. The analysis of the physicomechanical characteristics of the asphalt concrete mix is made. This mixture has a different content of ceramic dust (10%, 30%, 50%) of the amount of building sand. The samples made from this mixture were tested in a certified building laboratory. It is shown that the use of ceramic dust in the composition of the asphalt concrete mixture as a filler does not significantly change either the structure or the physical and mechanical properties of the latter. The possibility of using in construction practice asphalt concrete with a 50% replacement of sand with ceramic dust is proved.
Peculiarities of the Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Organs of the Pacific Redfin
Authors: Marchenko A L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article presents data on the levels of Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe, Pb and Cd in the organs and tissues of the Pacific Redfin. For each metal, rows of its distribution within the organs of Pacific Redfin were built. An attempt was made to determine the nature of the accumulation of metals in the organs and tissues of fish, driven by the ecology and biology of the species.
Some Aspects to Develop Method for Determining the Open Porosity of Ultralow-Permeability Rocks on Crushed Core
Authors: Gorshkov A M , Khomyakov I S , Mazurova A S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Laboratory studies of shale formations face serious challenges, one of which is the development of methods to determine the porosity of ultralow-permeability rocks. As the object of study, more than 100 ultra-permeability different lithological composition core samples of the Bazhenov Formation were used. The paper presents the results of determining the open porosity of ultralow-permeability rocks of the Bazhenov Formation using two methods adapted for crushed core. This is a gas-volumetric method and a modified liquid saturation method. The paper shows the legitimacy of using the proposed methods to determine open porosity in sandstones by comparing the results on cylindrical samples and on crushed core. According to the results of the study, a methodology to determine the bulk density and grain density of ultralow-permeability rocks of the Bazhenov Formation was been completed. Also, a systematic error in determining the open porosity of ultralow-permeability rocks of the Bazhenov Formation by the standard method on plugs was also shown.