bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing team‐based learning in the life sciences: A case study in an online introductory level evolution and biodiversity course
Authors: Arcila Hernández Lina M. , Zamudio Kelly R. , Drake Abby G. , Smith Michelle K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTeam‐Based Learning (TBL) is a pedagogical tool that has great potential to develop student engagement, accountability, and equity in the online classroom. TBL is rooted in evidence‐based educational theories and practices that underlie many active learning approaches such as self‐testing, team discussion, and application of knowledge. The use of these approaches is associated with better student performance, retention, and sense of belonging in the classroom, aspects that are often reported to be especially lacking in online courses. Here, we describe how we implemented TBL in a face‐to‐face and an online introductory level evolution and biodiversity course. We implemented TBL in the face‐to‐face course (~200 students) starting in 2018 and in the online course (~30 students) starting in the summer of 2019. We used several online applications to facilitate the transition to an online platform such as Simbio, Slack, VoiceThread, Articulate 360, and Teammates. Our experiences using TBL approaches in the online course have been rewarding, and students are engaged and accountable for their learning and performed well in the course. Our goal is to provide an example of how we designed a life science course using TBL approaches and transitioned the course to an online environment. With the current switch to remote instruction and online learning, we recommend the use of TBL as a course design approach that can improve the students’ online learning experience.
Spatial structure of reproductive success infers mechanisms of ungulate invasion in Nearctic boreal landscapes
Authors: Fisher Jason T. , Burton A. Cole 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Landscape change is a key driver of biodiversity declines due to habitat loss and fragmentation, but spatially shifting resources can also facilitate range expansion and invasion. Invasive populations are reproductively successful, and landscape change may buoy this success.

We show how modeling the spatial structure of reproductive success can elucidate the mechanisms of range shifts and sustained invasions for mammalian species with attendant young. We use an example of white‐tailed deer (deer; Odocoileus virginianus) expansion in the Nearctic boreal forest, a North American phenomenon implicated in severe declines of threatened woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus).

We hypothesized that deer reproductive success is linked to forage subsidies provided by extensive landscape change via resource extraction. We measured deer occurrence using data from 62 camera traps in northern Alberta, Canada, over three years. We weighed support for multiple competing hypotheses about deer reproductive success using multistate occupancy models and generalized linear models in an AIC‐based model selection framework.

Spatial patterns of reproductive success were best explained by features associated with petroleum exploration and extraction, which offer early‐seral vegetation resource subsidies. Effect sizes of anthropogenic features eclipsed natural heterogeneity by two orders of magnitude. We conclude that anthropogenic early‐seral forage subsidies support high springtime reproductive success, mitigating or exceeding winter losses, maintaining populations.

Synthesis and Applications. Modeling spatial structuring in reproductive success can become a key goal of remote camera‐based global networks, yielding ecological insights into mechanisms of invasion and range shifts to inform effective decision‐making for global biodiversity conservation.
Chimpanzee identification and social network construction through an online citizen science platform
Authors: McCarthy Maureen S. , Stephens Colleen , Dieguez Paula , Samuni Liran , Després‐Einspenner Marie‐Lyne , Harder Briana , Landsmann Anja , Lynn Laura K. , Maldonado Nuria , Ročkaiová Zuzana , Widness Jane , Wittig Roman M. , Boesch Christophe , Kühl Hjalmar S. , Arandjelovic Mimi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCitizen science has grown rapidly in popularity in recent years due to its potential to educate and engage the public while providing a means to address a myriad of scientific questions. However, the rise in popularity of citizen science has also been accompanied by concerns about the quality of data emerging from citizen science research projects. We assessed data quality in the online citizen scientist platform Chimp&See, which hosts camera trap videos of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and other species across Equatorial Africa. In particular, we compared detection and identification of individual chimpanzees by citizen scientists with that of experts with years of experience studying those chimpanzees. We found that citizen scientists typically detected the same number of individual chimpanzees as experts, but assigned far fewer identifications (IDs) to those individuals. Those IDs assigned, however, were nearly always in agreement with the IDs provided by experts. We applied the data sets of citizen scientists and experts by constructing social networks from each. We found that both social networks were relatively robust and shared a similar structure, as well as having positively correlated individual network positions. Our findings demonstrate that, although citizen scientists produced a smaller data set based on fewer confirmed IDs, the data strongly reflect expert classifications and can be used for meaningful assessments of group structure and dynamics. This approach expands opportunities for social research and conservation monitoring in great apes and many other individually identifiable species.
Frequency and clinical impact of hyperkalaemia within a large, modern, real‐world heart failure population
Authors: Muhlestein Joseph B. , Kammerer Jennifer , Bair Tami L. , Knowlton Kirk U. , Le Viet T. , Anderson Jeffrey L. , Lappé Donald L. , May Heidi T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsThis analysis qualitatively describes the impact of hyperkalaemia (HK) and renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitor (RAASi) use on clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF).Methods and resultsPatients were included if they were ≥18 years old; had a serum potassium result between 1 January 2003 and 3 December 2018; had ≥2 separate, non‐urgent care or emergency department encounters; and had an HF diagnosis. Criteria were met by 52 253 patients; 48 333 had sufficient follow‐up for analysis. Patients were stratified by the presence/absence of HK (serum potassium >5.0 mmol/L) (n = 31 619 and n = 20 634, respectively) and by baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% or >40%. Compared with patients without HK (no‐HK), those with HK had significantly higher rates of baseline cardiovascular risk factors, prior diagnoses, and greater RAASi use in both baseline and follow‐up periods. Assessed outcomes included RAASi use, rate of 3 year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and individual component rates. Between baseline and follow‐up analyses, the proportion of patients on RAASi decreased by 5% in patients with HK but increased by 20% in no‐HK patients. Overall, MACE and death were consistently highest in the presence of HK without RAASi treatment (63% and 62%, respectively) and lowest in no‐HK but on RAASi (25% and 21%, respectively). After complete multivariable adjustment, these trends were consistent regardless of baseline LVEF.ConclusionsIn this large, real‐world HF population, HK was common and linked to baseline clinical risk factors, declining use of RAASi treatment, and an increase in future MACE, regardless of baseline LVEF. Both HK and reduced RAASi use were independent predictors of future MACE.
Preparation and Capacitance Properties of Graphene Quantum Dot/NiFe−Layered Double‐Hydroxide Nanocomposite
Authors: Samuei Sara , Rezvani Zolfaghar , Shomali Ashkan , Ülker Emine , Karadaş Ferdi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA new composite from graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and NiFe layered double hydroxide was successfully prepared by the coprecipitation method under optimal conditions. The nanoparticles of the composite were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) to obtain the structure, composition and morphology information. Also, the electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The nanocomposite displays a specific capacitance of 712.7 F g−1 and excellent cycle life after 2500 cycles by applying 10 A g−1 of the current density in 1 M KOH electrolyte, which confirms that the nanocomposite has superb capacitance retention (∼94.8 %) and can be used as a capable supercapacitor. Furthermore, this study provides a desirable procedure for the preparation of novel nanocomposites based on graphene quantum dots, which can be used in energy storage/conversion devices.
Lanthanide Podands with a Short Tripodal Ligand: The Missing Piece of Puzzle
Authors: Sa Jing‐Peng , Guénée Laure , Pal Prodipta , Hamacek Josef 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA new small tripodal ligand L2 has been synthetized and used for lanthanide complexation in acetonitrile. This podand has a short distance between the carbon anchor and the binding sites, but this structural motif still leads to the formation of stable tripodal mononuclear complexes. Indeed, the crystal structure of a C3‐symmetrical mononuclear complex with EuIII shows a helical wrapping of binding strands around the cation. Similar tripodal complexes are formed with L2 along the LnIII series. The selected ones were characterized with different techniques including NMR, mass spectrometry and spectroscopy. As shown with spectrophotometric and NMR titrations, the LnL2 complexes are moderately stable (log β∼7) but remain unchanged in large metal excess. In addition, luminescence lifetimes confirm the complexation of trivalent lanthanide in a single well‐protected coordination environment.
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy: Personal utility of a genetic diagnosis for families
Authors: Jeffrey Jennifer S. , Leathem Janet , King Chontelle , Mefford Heather C. , Ross Kirsty , Sadleir Lynette G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesIdentifying genetic pathogenic variants improves clinical outcomes for children with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) by directing therapy and enabling accurate reproductive and prognostic information for families. We aimed to explore the additional personal utility of receiving a genetic diagnosis for families.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with fifteen families of children with a DEE who had received a genetic diagnosis. The interviews stimulated discussion focusing on the impact of receiving a genetic diagnosis for the family. Interview transcripts were analyzed using the six‐step systematic process of interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).ResultsThree key themes were identified: “Importance of the label,” “Relief to end the diagnostic journey,” and “Factors that influence personal utility.” Families reported that receiving a genetic label improved their knowledge about the likely trajectory of the DEE, increased their hope for the future, and helped them communicate with others. The relief of finally having an answer for the cause of their child's DEE alleviated parental guilt and self‐blame as well as helped families to process their grief and move forward. Delay in receipt of a genetic diagnosis diluted its psychological impact.SignificanceTo date, the factors associated with the personal utility of a genetic diagnosis for DEEs have been under appreciated. This study demonstrates that identifying a genetic diagnosis for a child's DEE can be a psychological turning point for families. A genetic result has the potential to set these families on an adaptive path toward better quality of life through increased understanding, social connection, and support. Early access to genetic testing is important as it not only increases clinical utility, but also increases personal utility with early mitigation of family stress, trauma, and negative experiences.
Rapid measurement method for lithium‐ion battery state of health estimation based on least squares support vector regression
Authors: Xiao Bin , Xiao Bing , Liu Luoshi 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe state of health (SoH) is a key indicator of a battery management system (BMS). Accurate SoH estimation can be adopted to guide the timely recovery and ladder utilization for lithium‐ion batteries (LiBs), which is particularly beneficial to environmental protection. Although many battery SoH estimation algorithms have been developed, there are few simple and easy‐to‐use methods for on‐site rapidly measurement. Therefore, in this paper, a model for battery SoH estimate is realized by least‐square support vector regression (LS‐SVR) configured with radial basis function (RBF) kernel. Based on the hysteresis behavior of LiB, data samples can be quickly obtained by the hybrid pulse power characteristic (HPPC) test. The grey correlation analysis (GRA) was conducted to select features of data samples, and the K‐fold cross‐validation and grid search (GS) were performed to optimize the hyperparameters of the estimation model LS‐SVR. Finally, to verify the proposed method, data samples collected from 18 650 LiB with different aging degrees were used for LS‐SVR model training and testing, and the method was compared to existing SoH estimation methods. Experimental results demonstrate that the SoH estimation model only requires some short‐term data of a battery to achieve high‐precision SoH estimation, which shows that this method has broad application prospects.
Mutation of the Cytochrome P450 CYP360A8 Gene Increases Sensitivity to Paraquat in Daphnia magna
Authors: Religia Pijar , Nguyen Nhan Duc , Nong Quang Dang , Matsuura Tomoaki , Kato Yasuhiko , Watanabe Hajime 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna has traditionally been a model for ecotoxicological studies owing to its sensitivity to many xenobiotics. Because it is used in many toxicity assessments, its detoxification mechanism for xenobiotics is important and requires further study. However, studies related to detoxification genes are limited to transcriptomic profiling, and there are no D. magna mutants for use in the understanding of xenobiotic metabolism in vivo. We report the generation of a D. magna CYP360A8 mutant—the gene is a cytochrome P450 (CYP) clan 3 gene. Based on RNA sequencing of adult D. magna, we found that CYP360A8 has the highest expression level among all CYP genes. At ovarian maturation, its expression level is up-regulated 6-fold compared to the juvenile stages and is maintained thereafter. Using the CRISPR/CRISPR-associated 9 (Cas9) system, we disrupted CYP360A8 by coinjecting CYP360A8-targeting guide RNA and Cas9 proteins into D. magna eggs and established one monoallelic CYP360A8 mutant line. This CYP360A8 mutant had a higher sensitivity to the herbicide paraquat compared to the wild type. We confirmed the up-regulation of CYP360A8 by paraquat. The results demonstrate the role of CYP360A8 in paraquat detoxification. The present study establishes a CYP mutant of D. magna, and this strategy can be a basic platform to document a range of CYP gene–xenobiotic relationships in this species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1279–1288. © 2020 SETAC
Antifungal interactions of Persian shallot (Allium hirtifolium) extracts and potassium sorbate against Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium citrinum
Authors: Mohammadiani Esmaeil , Aliakbarlu Javad , Ownagh Abdolghaffar , Kaboudari Ata 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to investigate the antifungal activities of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Persian shallot (Allium hirtifolium Boiss) combined with potassium sorbate against Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium citrinum. Chemical analysis of the extracts was conducted using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Antifungal activity was assessed using agar well diffusion, mycelial growth inhibition, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), and fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) methods. The main component of the extracts were methyl methylthiomethyl disulfide and 1‐Butene, 1‐(methylthio)‐(Z). Both extracts completely inhibited the mycelial growth of A flavus. MIC value of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Persian shallot against A flavus was 10 and 5 mg/mL, respectively. MIC value of both extracts against P citrinum was 2.5 mg/mL. Synergistic antifungal activity (FICi = 0.5) was found between aqueous extract of Persian shallot and potassium sorbate against A flavus. In conclusion, aqueous extract of Persian shallot has the potential to be used as an adjunct natural antifungal to reduce the concentration of potassium sorbate in foods.
Self‐Cleaning Integrative Aerogel for Stable Solar‐Assisted Desalination
Authors: Gu Yufei , Mu Xiaojiang , Wang Pengfei , Wang Xiaoyang , Tian Yongzhi , Wei Anyun , Zhang Jiahong , Chen Yulian , Sun Zhiqiang , Zhou Jianhua , Miao Lei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe solar‐assisted desalination generator (SADG) shows great potential for solving water scarcity problems. However, salt precipitation and accumulation is still a challenge for SADG, which slows down solar steam generation performance of evaporator during operation. Here, a facile integrative evaporator featuring stable and high evaporation performance breaks this bottleneck. By using a rational design in which amorphous carbon particles are evenly composited within the porous chitosan aerogel, the evaporator not only integrates excellent light absorption, heat management, and water transportation abilities but also endows a large vapor escape space. Upon desalination, salt concentration ingredients between carbon particles and chitosan membranes can be quickly balanced by water transport in interconnected chitosan chains, and thus salt precipiation on the evaporator surface would be avoided. Compared to other salt‐rejection evaporators, the integrative evaporator can operate in 3.5 wt% brine for 60 days without salt precipiation and exhibits a stable evaporation rate (1.70 kg m−2 h−1), indicating its potential for practical applications in seawater desalination and the harvest of clean drinking water.
Transcranial brain atlas‐based optimization for functional near‐infrared spectroscopy optode arrangement: Theory, algorithm, and application
Authors: Zhao Yang , Xiao Xiang , Jiang Yi‐Han , Sun Pei‐Pei , Zhang Zong , Gong Yi‐Long , Li Zheng , Zhu Chao‐Zhe 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe quality of optode arrangement is crucial for group imaging studies when using functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Previous studies have demonstrated the promising effectiveness of using transcranial brain atlases (TBAs), in a manual and intuition‐based way, to guide optode arrangement when individual structural MRI data are unavailable. However, the theoretical basis of using TBA to optimize optode arrangement remains unclear, which leads to manual and subjective application. In this study, we first describe the theoretical basis of TBA‐based optimization of optode arrangement using a mathematical framework. Second, based on the theoretical basis, an algorithm is proposed for automatically arranging optodes on a virtual scalp. The resultant montage is placed onto the head of each participant guided by a low‐cost and portable navigation system. We compared our method with the widely used 10/20‐system‐assisted optode arrangement procedure, using finger‐tapping and working memory tasks as examples of both low‐ and high‐level cognitive systems. Performance, including optode montage designs, locations on each participant's scalp, brain activation, as well as ground truth indices derived from individual MRI data were evaluated. The results give convergent support for our method's ability to provide more accurate, consistent and efficient optode arrangements for fNIRS group imaging than the 10/20 method.
Targeting the De Novo Purine Synthesis Pathway Through Adenylosuccinate Lyase Depletion Impairs Liver Cancer Growth by Perturbing Mitochondrial Function
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Sánchez‐Rivera Francisco J. , Soto‐Feliciano Yadira M. , Yang Qiyuan , Song Chun‐Qing , Bhuatkar Arjun , Haynes Cole M , Hemann Michael T. , Xue Wen 
Published: December 2020

Background and Aims
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common cancer types worldwide, yet patients with HCC have limited treatment options. There is an urgent need to identify drug targets that specifically inhibit the growth of HCC cells.

Approach and Results
We used a CRISPR library targeting ~2,000 druggable genes to perform a high‐throughput screen and identified adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL), a key enzyme involved in the de novo purine synthesis pathway, as a potential drug target for HCC. ADSL has been implicated as a potential oncogenic driver in some cancers, but its role in liver cancer progression remains unknown. CRISPR‐mediated knockout of ADSL impaired colony formation of liver cancer cells by affecting AMP production. In the absence of ADSL, the growth of liver tumors is retarded in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that ADSL knockout caused S‐phase cell cycle arrest not by inducing DNA damage but by impairing mitochondrial function. Using data from patients with HCC, we also revealed that high ADSL expression occurs during tumorigenesis and is linked to poor survival rate.

Conclusions
Our findings uncover the role of ADSL‐mediated de novo purine synthesis in fueling mitochondrial ATP production to promote liver cancer cell growth. Targeting ADSL may be a therapeutic approach for patients with HCC.
High‐Fat Diet Modulates Hepatic Amyloid β and Cerebrosterol Metabolism in the Triple Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Bosoi Cristina R. , Vandal Milène , Tournissac Marine , Leclerc Manon , Fanet Hortense , Mitchell Patricia L. , Verreault Mélanie , Trottier Jocelyn , Virgili Jessica , Tremblay Cynthia , Lippman H. Robert , Bajaj Jasmohan S. , Barbier Olivier , Marette André , Calon Frédéric 
Published: December 2020

Obesity and diabetes are strongly associated not only with fatty liver but also cognitive dysfunction. Moreover, their presence, particularly in midlife, is recognized as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD, the most common cause of dementia, is increasingly considered as a metabolic disease, although underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. The liver plays a major role in maintaining glucose and lipid homeostasis, as well as in clearing the AD neuropathogenic factor amyloid‐β (Aβ) and in metabolizing cerebrosterol, a cerebral‐derived oxysterol proposed as an AD biomarker. We hypothesized that liver impairment induced by obesity contributes to AD pathogenesis. We show that the AD triple transgenic mouse model (3xTg‐AD) fed a chow diet presents a hepatic phenotype similar to nontransgenic controls (NTg) at 15 months of age. A high‐fat diet (HFD), started at the age of 6 months and continued for 9 months, until sacrifice, induced hepatic steatosis in NTg, but not in 3xTg‐AD mice, whereas HFD did not induce changes in hepatic fatty acid oxidation, de novo lipogenesis, and gluconeogenesis. HFD‐induced obesity was associated with a reduction of insulin‐degrading enzyme, one of the main hepatic enzymes responsible for Aβ clearance. The hepatic rate of cerebrosterol glucuronidation was lower in obese 3xTg‐AD than in nonobese controls (P < 0.05) and higher compared with obese NTg (P < 0.05), although circulating levels remained unchanged. Conclusion: Modulation of hepatic lipids, Aβ, and cerebrosterol metabolism in obese 3xTg‐AD mice differs from control mice. This study sheds light on the liver–brain axis, showing that the chronic presence of NAFLD and changes in liver function affect peripheral AD features and should be considered during development of biomarkers or AD therapeutic targets.