bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A checklist of pteridophytes collected on cham chu mountainsand adjacent sites
Authors: Loc Phan Ke , Duong Vu Thuy , Toan Vu Cong , The Pham Van , Bon Trinh Ngoc 
Published: April 2020

Located in Tuyen Quang and Ha Giang Provinces, the Cham Chu Nature reserve (NR) has diverse plant ecosystem types, and its the flora is rich in species. However, the pteridophyte flora of Tuyen Quang and Ha Giang Provinces has not been so far generallystudied. This study presented results of three biotic surveys conducted on Cham Chu mountainsand adjacent sites surveysin 2018−2019. A total of 123 plant specimens gathered and analyzed. with 84 plant species of 43 genera belonging to 23 families recorded. The family Polypodiaceae is therichestwith 8 genera and 12 species. Twogenera, Tectaria and and Pteris, are richin species, with 9 and 8 species, respectively. A checklist of species was also provided.
Geographical variation in morphological leaf traits of <i>Huperzia serrata </i>(lycopodiaceae) from Vietnam
Authors: Minh Nguyen Thi Ai , Trieu Le Ngoc , Duy Nong Van , Tien Tran Van 
Published: April 2020

Morphological leaf traits can be used to assess adaptive responses of plants to environmental conditions. To assess how the representation of Huperzia serrata leaf traits, such as leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW) and leaf area (LA) response to changes in mean annual temperature (MAT), sunshine duration (SuH), mean annual precipitation (MAP), air humidity (Hu), intraspecific variation of the morphological leaf traits of the species was analyzed along a geographical gradient of Vietnam. The results showed that among the three populations at the three sites, leaf sizes increased with MAT and MAP. Huperzia serrata, climatic factors, morphological leaf traits, Vietnam.
Ten years tuberculosis trend in Gambella Regional Hospital, South Western Ethiopia
Authors: Asebe Getahun , Ameni Gobena , Tafess Ketema 
Published: April 2020

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTBC). It is one of the major health problems in Ethiopia, across the nation. According to World Health Organization 2009 report the status of TB in Gambella Region was the highest from all the Ethiopian Regions, with the notification rate of (new and relapse) 261-421/100, 000. We, therefore, carried out this study to investigate the trend of TB in Gambella Regional Hospital Southwest Ethiopia.
Methods: The study was conducted at the Gambella Regional Hospital, South Western Ethiopia. Retrospectively the medical records of all TB patients registered from 1st January 2003 to 14th November 2012 were assessed.
Results: The results of the study revealed that there were 4300 TB cases registered in the ten years duration in Gambella Regional Hospital. Males consist the highest percentage 2430 (56.51%). Out of 4300 TB cases registered 1045 (24.30%) had Extra pulmonary TB (EPTB) and 3255 (75.70%) suffered from pulmonary TB (PTB) (χ2=31. 14; p<0.001). From 3255 registered PTB cases, smear positive PTB accounted for 1368 (31.81%) of the cases. The age groups 15-44took the highest percentage among the patients 2918 (67.86%). Only 1444 patients were knew their HIV status out of these 423 (29.29%) were HIV positives. The trend in TB registered cases of all forms of TB was gradually declining in the ten years.
Conclusion: The retrospective study showed that TB problem in the study area was not at the level to be undermined. Hence, TB control program should give attention to the control of TB in Gambella Region.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Khat Chewing among Atse Fasil Campus Student in University of Gondar, North West Ethiopia
Authors: Sinshaw Aklilu Endalamaw 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Khat is a shrub or tree its leaves have been chewed for centuries in the Eastern part of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Globally, khat chewing habit is being a hot issue of discussion and spreading at an alarming rate in the young generation, especially in higher institutions; where there are intensive academic activities are more intended. Similarly in Ethiopia it is consumed by some population groups commonly youths. It has a reported negative economic and health impact on the individuals engaging in the habit of khat chewing. There were no studies conducted to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of khat chewing in our study area. Objective: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of khat chewing among students of the Atse Fasil campus at the University of Gondar, North West Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 29 to May 03, 2013, in Aste Fasil campus, University of Gondar. A total of 310 students were selected using a stratified random sampling technique in which only 302 answer the question making the response rate of 97.4%. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Odds ratio and chi-square were used to test the association between different variables and also frequency, proportion and summary statistic was used to describe the study population. The analysis was taken a confidence interval of 95% and association with a P-value of < 0.05. Results: The study revealed 9.6% lifetime prevalence rate of khat chewing. The current prevalence of khat chewing was found to be 6.95%. There were 6.72% female khat chewers and 11.7% male khat chewers. A large proportion (58.6%) lifetime chewers were started khat chewing after joining the university. Tigre ethnic group was significantly associated factor (AOR=0.041, 95%CI (0.002-0.718) with the outcome variable. Conclusion: The prevalence of khat chewing seems to decrease among university students. According to the study, Tigre ethnic group were at low risk of chewing khat than another ethnic group. The majority of the students were started chewing after joining the university. Increasing control measures and awareness about the health and social problems associated with khat chewing need to be implemented. Recreational alternatives for young people have to be found.
La investigación narrativa de saber pedagógico: una perspectiva sociocultural
Authors: Barrera Quiroga Diego Mauricio 
Published: April 2020

El trabajo de investigación reconstruyó la experiencia de una docente que a través de la historización y rehistorización narrativiza sus prácticas de enseñanza. El objetivo trazado fue “reconstruir el saber pedagógico de una docente de la Universidad de la Amazonia en Florencia Caquetá, a partir de narrativas de sus experiencias docentes”. La metodología empleada fue la investigación narrativa y su proceso de historización y rehistorización mediante un trabajo dialógico con la participante en todos los momentos de la investigación. El enfoque sociocultural permitió orientar la mirada de los participantes en los diferentes momentos del proceso. Se tuvo en cuenta que para que una práctica fuera entendida como experiencia, esta debería estar dotada de significado a través del relato construido, ya fuese este oral, corporal o escrito, porque la forma primaria como la experiencia toma sentido para el ser humano es a través de la narrativa. Con este abordaje fue posible responder al interrogante: ¿Qué revelan las narrativas de experiencia de una docente-directiva del programa de Lengua Castellana y Literatura de la Universidad de la Amazonia, acerca de su saber pedagógico sobre la investigación, el aprendizaje y la enseñanza de la lengua?
Team Approach: Safety and Value in the Practice of Complex Adult Spinal Surgery
Authors: Sethi Rajiv K. , Wright Anna K. , Nemani Venu M. , Bean Helen A. , Friedman Andrew S. , Leveque Jean-Christophe A. , Buchlak Quinlan D. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Polly David W. 
Published: April 2020

» Surgical management of complex adult spinal deformities is of high risk, with a substantial risk of operative mortality.» Current evidence shows that potential risk and morbidity resulting from surgery for complex spinal deformity may be minimized through risk-factor optimization.» The multidisciplinary team care model includes neurosurgeons, orthopaedic surgeons, physiatrists, anesthesiologists, hospitalists, psychologists, physical therapists, specialized physician assistants, and nurses.» The multidisciplinary care model mimics previously described integrated care pathways designed to offer a structured means of providing a comprehensive preoperative medical evaluation and evidence-based multimodal perioperative care.» The role of each team member is illustrated in the case of a 66-year-old male patient with previous incomplete spinal cord injury, now presenting with Charcot spinal arthropathy and progressive vertebral-body destruction resulting in lumbar kyphosis.
Exploring Pharmacy Students’ Techniques in Translating Pharmaceutical Texts from English into Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Kailani Ahmad , Rafidiyah Dina 
Published: April 2020

Translating an L1 (source text) into a target language would be a daunting task and time-consuming work for students who are non-native speakers. It might be more challenging when the L1 text is a discipline specific text. Many words and specific terms are difficult to translate, and often unintended meanings emerge during this translation process. Although there has been considerable research on the translation studies, there has been still little study on how translators cope with the challenges. To fill this void, this case study is aimed to describe techniques employed by students majoring pharmacy in translating direction for use texts from English into Bahasa Indonesia. Adopting Vinay’s and Darbelnet’s (1996) translation methodology, this research is aimed to describe the translation process that students already undertook in order to produce texts that appropriately work in a particular social context. There are four drug brochures taken as samples of analysis. These texts are students’ assignment for the topic of translation. This is a group work and part of the whole assessment. The study provides detailed and specific examples of how students tackle the challenges of translating discipline specific texts into equivalent languages that are socio-culturally and linguistically acceptable.
HIGHLIGHTS:

Translating a text is not simply to transfer the meaning of source text into the target text, but it requires the translator to have sufficient discipline specific knowledge.
The challenges and problems faced by translators would be different from one another since each discipline specific text requires different strategies.
Webinar: A Strategy to Enhance Speaking Skill of Non-native English Speakers
Authors: Budiana Kartika Marta , Yutanto Hariadi 
Published: April 2020

Low competence in speaking for the students of Non-native English speakers has been crucial challenge so far for the teachers in language teaching in Indonesia. This study attempts to explore the effect of webinar applied in teaching speaking on Students of Non-native English Speakers at one of Business schools in Surabaya. There are three classes observed in this study. Before the webinar was applied, the groups were given test to check their proficiency. After conducting the webinar class, the post-test was given to the groups. The instruments to get the data was the oral test. The results reveal that there is an improvement on post test score in the two out of three classes observed. In contrary, the last class has no improvement on their post test score. Moreover, barriers found during the implementation of webinar in speaking class will be explored.
HIGHLIGHTS:

There is an improvement on the speaking score with webinar using on the two from three classes observed.
Practically, the findings of this study are likely able to give positive contribution and technology using experience to all English teachers as well as the students.
Forest fire detection using wireless sensor networks
Authors: Dasari Premsai , Reddy Gundam Krishna Jayanth , Gudipalli Abhishek 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A forest has different types of vegetation like herbs, trees, shrubs and different species of animals. In one way or other, these renewable resources are very essential to mankind. Forest fires are the most common hazards in forests which lead to serious destruction of forest wealth, bio-diversity and natural habitat. Early detection and preventive measures are necessary to protect forests from fires. In order to achieve early detection, there are two most used traditional methods of human surveillance. One is directly through human observation and the other is through distant video surveillance. Doing the observation through distant mode, one can achieve surveillance through automation approach of detection. Automated fire alert detection system proposed in this paper comprises of two sensors, namely smoke and fire. These sensors detect change in a measurable physical quantity and help in the early detection of a forest fire. A key feature of this fire detection system is to alert the user remotely by using a GSM module, whenever a fire is detected.
Ligand Conjugated Targeted Nanotherapeutics for Treatment of Neurological Disorders
Authors: Mittal Saurabh , Ashhar Muhammad U. , Qizilbash Farheen F. , Qamar Zufika , Narang Jasjeet K. , Kumar Shobhit , Ali Javed , Baboota Sanjula 
Published: April 2020

Background:Human brain is amongst the most complex organs in human body, and delivery of therapeutic agents across the brain is a tedious task. Existence of blood brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain from invasion of undesirable substances; therefore it hinders the transport of various drugs used for the treatment of different neurological diseases including glioma, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc. To surmount this barrier, various approaches have been used such as the use of carrier mediated drug delivery; use of intranasal route, to avoid first pass metabolism; and use of ligands (lactoferrin, apolipoprotein) to transport the drug across the BBB. Ligands bind with proteins present on the cell and facilitate the transport of drug across the cell membrane via. receptor mediated, transporter mediated or adsorptive mediated transcytosis.Objective:The main focus of this review article is to illustrate various studies performed using ligands for delivering drug across BBB; it also describes the procedure used by various researchers for conjugating the ligands to the formulation to achieve targeted action.Methods:Research articles that focused on the used of ligand conjugation for brain delivery and compared the outcome with unconjugated formulation were collected from various search engines like PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar, using keywords like ligands, neurological disorders, conjugation, etc.Results and Conclusion:Ligands have shown great potential in delivering drug across BBB for treatment of various diseases, yet extensive research is required so that the ligands can be used clinically for treating neurological diseases.
Antithrombotic Treatment in Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of the Literature about Antiplatelet and Anticoagulation Strategies Used for Diabetic Patients in Primary and Secondary Prevention
Authors: Siasos Gerasimos , Skotsimara Georgia , Oikonomou Evangelos , Sagris Marios , Vasiliki-Chara Mystakidi , Bletsa Evanthia , Stampouloglou Panagiota , Theofilis Panagiotis , Charalampous Georgios , Tousoulis Dimitris 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the rise globally. Its prevalence has nearly doubled
during the last two decades and it is estimated to affect 8.8% of the global population.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in diabetic population and despite
modern anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective therapeutic strategies diabetic patients have at
least a twice fold risk of cardiovascular events. Prothrombotic state in DM is associated with
multiple determinants such as platelet alterations, oxidative stress, endothelial changes,
circulating mediators. Thus, proper antithrombotic strategies to reduce the risk of CVD in this
population is critical.

Methods:
This article reviews the current antiplatelet and anticoagulant
agents in the aspect of primary and secondary prevention of CVD in the diabetic population.

Results:
The use of aspirin may be considered only at high-risk patients in the absence of
contraindications. Cangrelor was not inferior to clopidogrel in preventing the composite outcome
of CV death, myocardial infraction and revascularization without increasing major bleeding.
Triple therapy in the subpopulation with DM significantly reduced the composite primary
outcome of CV death, myocardial infraction or repeat target lesion revascularization. That was
not the case for stent thrombosis, which was similar in both groups. Importantly, triple therapy
did not result in increased bleeding complications, which were similar in both groups. However,
cilostazol is linked to various adverse effects (e.g., headache, palpitations, and gastrointestinal
disturbances) that drive many patients to withdrawal.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, DM is a
rapidly growing disease that increases the risk of CVD, AF, and CV mortality. Proper
antithrombotic strategies to reduce CVD risk in DM is a necessity. Also, new antithrombotic
treatments and combination therapies may play a critical role to overcome antiplatelet resistance
in DM patients and reduce morbidity and mortality attributed to CVD.
New Potential Biologically Active Compounds: Synthesis and Characterization of Urea and Thiourea Derivativpes Bearing 1,2,4-oxadiazole Ring
Authors: Ölmez Nevin Arıkan , Waseer Faryal 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Urea, thiourea, and 1,2,4-oxadiazole compounds are of great interest due to their
different activities such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, analgesic, fungicidal, herbicidal, diuretic,
antihelminthic and antitumor along with antimicrobial activities.

Objective:
In this work, we provide a new series of potential biologically active compounds containing both
1,2,4-oxadiazole and urea/thiouprea moiety.

Materials and Methods:
Firstly, 5-chloromethyl-3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles (3a-j) were synthesized from the
reaction of different substituted amidoximes (2a-j) and chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of pyridine by
conventional and microwave-assisted methods. In the conventional method, 1,2,4-oxadiazoles were obtained in
two steps. O-acylamidoximes obtained in the first step at room temperature were heated in toluene for an average
of one hour to obtain 1,2,4-oxadiazoles. The yields varied from 70 to 96 %. 1,2,4-oxadiazoles were obtained under
microwave irradiation in a single step in a 90-98 % yield at 160 °C in five minutes. 5-aminomethyl-3-aryl-1,2,4-
oxadiazoles (5a-j) were obtained by Gabriel amine synthesis in two steps from corresponding 5-chloromethyl-3-
aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles. Finally, twenty new urea (6a-j) and thiourea (7a-j) compounds bearing oxadiazole ring
were synthesized by reacting 5-aminomethyl-3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with phenyl isocyanate and isothiocyanate
in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at room temperature with average yields (40-70%).

Results and Discussions:
An efficient and rapid method for the synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles from the
reaction of amidoximes and acyl halides without using any coupling reagent under microwave irradiation has
been developed, and twenty new urea/thiourea compounds bearing 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring have been synthesized
and characterized.

Conclusion:
We have synthesized a new series of urea/thiourea derivatives bearing 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring. Also
facile synthesis of 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles from amidoximes and acyl chlorides under microwave
irradiation was reported. The compounds were characterized using FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental
analysis techniques.
Discovery of Novel Compounds Targeting DJ-1 as Neuroprotectants for Parkinson’s Disease by Virtual Screening and In Silico Method
Authors: Sharan Swati , Kumar Pravir , Ambasta Rashmi K. 
Published: April 2020

Aim:
To screen the zinc database for structurally similar molecules to compound 23 that
targets DJ1 for use as a neuroprotective agent for Parkinson’s disease.

Background:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common chronic neurodegenerative disorder
characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. To date,
several proteins account for the recessive familial PD-forms, namely, Parkin, PINK-1, DJ-1,
SNCA, PARK2, and LRRK2 Genes. DJ1 is one of the important central points that may be targeted
for PD therapy. Recently, Compound 23 has been observed to exert the neuroprotective effect
against neurodegeneration in a PD model, but due to its toxic substructure, the hunt for better nontoxic
compounds continues.

Objective:
The overall objective of our work is to apply in silico approaches to screen structure
similar compounds that interact potentially with DJ1 and may serve as a good therapeutic molecule
for PD.

Methods:
Initial data mining was done from the zinc database and then screened compounds were
additionally screened with toxicity checker, carcinopred, ADMET analysis and docking analysis.

Results:
The basic screening of database for structurally similar chemicals to compound 23 resulted
in 50 compounds, which were further screened to twenty-three and finally seven compounds have
been screened based on the toxicity and carcinopred test. Later, the seven compounds were docked
and analysed for docking efficiency with DJ1. Our result of molecular docking and molecular simulation
analysis highlights Molecule 42(SS2) to exhibit best binding affinity against DJ-1 protein target
and can be proposed to be used as a therapeutic agent to modulate neurodegenerative proteins.

Conclusion:
Therefore, we conclude the discovery of novel, non-toxic, non-carcinogenic, ADMET
investigated, capable of crossing BB barrier but structurally similar compounds to Compound-23,
specifically molecule 42(SS2) and potentially molecule 34(SS1) to be used as neuroprotective
agents for Parkinson’s disease.
Molecular Mechanisms Involved in the Progression and Protection of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Takahata Yoshifumi , Murakami Tomohiko , Hata Kenji , Nishimura Riko 
Published: April 2020

Objective:
Osteoarthritis is a common disease of the joint cartilage. Since the molecular
pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is not clearly understood, early diagnostic markers and effective
therapeutic agents have not been developed.

Methods and Results:
In recent years, there are several
researches to elucidate the molecular aspects based on mouse genetics by using stress induced
mechanical load model. Chondrocyte hypertrophy, which is usually seen in growth plate chondrocyte, is
also induced in articular cartilage and involved in the onset of osteoarthritis. Additionally, signal
molecules involved in inflammatory cytokine and matrix proteinase are expected to be target molecules
for the fundamental treatment of early osteoarthritis. Some additional signal molecules, transcription
factors and compounds have been reported to be involved in cartilage homeostasis.

Conclusion:
This
review sheds light on the current status of various signal molecules for the management of osteoarthritis.