bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized control trial evidence for the benefits of massage and relaxation therapy on sleep in cancer survivors—a systematic review
Authors: Samuel Stephen Rajan , Gururaj Rachita , Kumar K. Vijaya , Vira Prina , Saxena P. U. Prakash , Keogh Justin William Leslie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Cancer survivors may experience sleep disturbances during and after their cancer treatments. While pharmacological approaches are commonly used to address sleep disturbances, they may have a number of adverse effects. This review studied the effect of two non-pharmacological interventions (massage and relaxation therapy) on sleep disturbances in cancer survivors.

Methods
A search for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro, and CINAHL using relevant keywords.

Results
The search yielded 371 articles, with 4 RCTs studying massage therapy and 3 RCTs studying relaxation therapy included for qualitative analysis. Massage therapy studies showed statistically significant improvement in self-reported sleep questionnaires and objectively recorded long sleep episodes, as assessed via an accelerometer. No significant improvements in sleep outcomes were observed in the relaxation therapy studies, although there were trends for improved self-reported sleep quality.

Conclusion
While massage therapy provided by massage therapists may have some potential for improving sleep outcomes for cancer survivors, there is no such current evidence regarding relaxation therapy.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Cancer survivors who experience sleep disturbances may benefit from regular sessions with a massage therapist. However, future studies should examine the long-term feasibility of massage therapist–delivered services, particularly for cancer survivors with limited finances, and determine if benefits can be obtained if massage is provided by non-certified individuals. Relaxation therapy appears to be safe for cancer survivors, but future RCTs involving larger sample sizes need to be conducted to better determine its feasibility and efficacy.
Cancer Risk in the Heart Failure Population: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications
Authors: Cuomo Alessandra , Pirozzi Flora , Attanasio Umberto , Franco Riccardo , Elia Francesco , De Rosa Eliana , Russo Michele , Ghigo Alessandra , Ameri Pietro , Tocchetti Carlo Gabriele , Mercurio Valentina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewAlong with population aging, the incidence of both heart failure (HF) and cancer is increasing. However, little is known about new-onset cancer in HF patients. This review aims at showing recent discoveries concerning this subset of patients.Recent FindingsNot only cancer and HF share similar risk factors but also HF itself can stimulate cancer development. Some cytokines produced by the failing heart induce mild inflammation promoting carcinogenesis, as it has been recently suggested by an experimental model of HF in mice.SummaryThe incidence of new-onset cancer is higher in HF patients compared to the general population, and it significantly worsens their prognosis. Moreover, the management of HF patients developing new-onset cancer is challenging, especially due to the limited therapeutic options for patients affected by both cancer and HF and the higher risk of cardiotoxicity from anticancer drugs.
Characterizing Uncertainty in City-Wide Disaster Recovery through Geospatial Multi-Lifeline Restoration Modeling of Earthquake Impact in the District of North Vancouver
Authors: Deelstra Andrew , Bristow David 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRestoring lifeline services to an urban neighborhood impacted by a large disaster is critical to the recovery of the city as a whole. Since cities are comprised of many dependent lifeline systems, the pattern of the restoration of each lifeline system can have an impact on one or more others. Due to the often uncertain and complex interactions between dense lifeline systems and their individual operations at the urban scale, it is typically unclear how different patterns of restoration will impact the overall recovery of lifeline system functioning. A difficulty in addressing this problem is the siloed nature of the knowledge and operations of different types of lifelines. Here, a city-wide, multi-lifeline restoration model and simulation are provided to address this issue. The approach uses the Graph Model for Operational Resilience, a data-driven discrete event simulator that can model the spatial and functional cascade of hazard effects and the pattern of restoration over time. A novel case study model of the District of North Vancouver is constructed and simulated for a reference magnitude 7.3 earthquake. The model comprises municipal water and wastewater, power distribution, and transport systems. The model includes 1725 entities from within these sectors, connected through 6456 dependency relationships. Simulation of the model shows that water distribution and wastewater treatment systems recover more quickly and with less uncertainty than electric power and road networks. Understanding this uncertainty will provide the opportunity to improve data collection, modeling, and collaboration with stakeholders in the future.
Temperature-mediated tribological characteristics of 40CrNiMoA steel and Inconel 718 alloy during sliding against Si3N4 counterparts
Authors: Bai Liuyang , Wan Shanhong , Yi Gewen , Shan Yu , Pham Sang The , Tieu Anh Kiet , Li Yan , Wang Rendong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA comparative evaluation of the friction and wear behaviors of 40CrNiMoA steel and Inconel 718 alloy sliding against Si3N4 counterparts was conducted over a large temperature range from room temperature (RT) to 800 °C. The temperature-dependent tribological properties associated with the resulting chemical mitigation and structural adaptation of the solid sliding surface were clarified by surface/interface characterizations. The results revealed desirable performance in reducing friction and wear at elevated temperatures, which was associated with the resulting oxide composite film’s adaptive lubricating capability, whereas severe abrasive wear occurred at room/ambient temperatures. The oxidative-abrasive differentials for the two alloys were further discussed by considering the combined effect of temperature and stressed-shearing conditions.
On Interpreting Something as Food
Authors: Borghini Andrea , Piras Nicola 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper we discuss the role that individual and collective acts of interpretation play in shaping a metaphysics of food. Our analysis moves from David Kaplan’s recent contention that food is always open to interpretation, and substantially expands its theoretical underpinnings by drawing on recent scholarship on food and social ontology. After setting up the terms of the discussion (§1), we suggest (§2) that the contention can be read subjectively or structurally, and that the latter can be given three sub-readings. We then lay out (§3) three case studies that, we submit, any viable theory of a metaphysics of food should be able to account for. We show that one structural reading—based on the idea of negotiation—swiftly accommodates for the three case studies. We thus conclude that this reading is most promising for charting a metaphysics of food.
Subsea cable key challenges of an intercontinental power link: case study of Australia–Singapore interconnector
Authors: Gordonnat Jeremy , Hunt James 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe high potential for renewable energy generation in Australia, in particular solar and wind, and the high carbon content of Southeast Asian electricity and projected demand growth create favourable conditions for a HVDC power link between Australian and Southeast Asia. Such an interconnector would link predominantly solar farms located in northern Australia, known for its highest insolation levels in the world, to Singapore given its central location within Southeast Asia, high reliance on natural gas for its power generation, high demand growth and limited renewable potential and land surface. The current paper presents a holistic view of the key challenges of an Australia–Singapore power link related to its length, in the order of 3200 km, the water depth of sections crossing the Timor Trough and Indonesian waters, up to 1900 m, and the manufacturing and logistic issues of extensive length of cable to be deployed in a part of the world distant from the main manufacturing facilities. This very ambitious project will require a unique integrated contracting strategy involving multiple HVDC cable suppliers, marine heavy transport companies and cable installation contractors to effectively deliver this project within a sensible timeframe.
Fast and accurate quasi-3D aerodynamic methods for aircraft conceptual design studies
Authors: Şugar-Gabor O. , Koreanschi A. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTIn this paper, recent developments in quasi-3D aerodynamic methods are presented. At their core, these methods are based on the lifting-line theory and vortex lattice method, but with a relaxed set of hypotheses, while also considering the effect of viscosity (to a certain degree) by introducing a strong non-linear coupling with two-dimensional viscous aerofoil aerodynamics. These methods can provide more accurate results compared with their inviscid classical counterparts and have an extended range of applicability with respect to the lifting surface geometry. Verification results are presented for both steady-state and unsteady flows, as well as case studies related to their integration into aerodynamic shape optimisation tools. The good accuracy achieved using relatively low computational time makes such quasi-3D methods a solid choice for conducting conceptual-level design and optimisation of lifting surfaces.
Impact of restricting procalcitonin measurements in a Swiss tertiary-care hospital on antibiotic use, clinical outcomes, and costs: An interrupted time-series analysis
Authors: Abbas Mohamed , Vernaz Nathalie , von Dach Elodie , Vuilleumier Nicolas , Harbarth Stephan J. , Huttner Benedikt D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe evaluated the impact of a restriction of procalcitonin measurements on antibiotic use, length of stay, mortality, and cost in a Swiss tertiary-care hospital using interrupted time-series analysis. There was no significant change in level or slope for rates of antibiotic consumption, and costs decreased considerably, by ~54,488 CHF (US$55,714) per month.
Ontogeny of the trilobite Redlichia from the lower Cambrian (Series 2, Stage 4) Ramsay Limestone of South Australia
Authors: Holmes James D. , Paterson John R. , Jago James B. , García-Bellido Diego C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStudies that reveal detailed information about trilobite growth, particularly early developmental stages, are crucial for improving our understanding of the phylogenetic relationships within this iconic group of fossil arthropods. Here we document an essentially complete ontogeny of the trilobite Redlichia cf. versabunda from the Cambrian Series 2 (late Stage 4) Ramsay Limestone of Yorke Peninsula in South Australia, including some of the best-preserved protaspides (the earliest biomineralized trilobite larval stage) known for any Cambrian trilobite. These protaspid stages exhibit similar morphological characteristics to many other taxa within the Suborder Redlichiina, especially to closely related species such as Metaredlichia cylindrica from the early Cambrian period of China. Morphological patterns observed across early developmental stages of different groups within the Order Redlichiida are discussed. Although redlichiine protaspides exhibit similar overall morphologies, certain ontogenetic characters within this suborder have potential phylogenetic signal, with different superfamilies characterized by unique trait combinations in these early growth stages.
Use of a novel drape ‘tent’ as an infection prevention control measure for mastoid surgery
Authors: Lawrence R J , O'Donoghue G M , Kitterick P , Hartley D E H 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMastoid surgery is an aerosol-generating procedure that involves the use of a high-speed drill, which produces a mixture of water, bone, blood and tissue that may contain the viable coronavirus disease 2019 pathogen. This potentially puts the surgeon and other operating theatre personnel at risk of acquiring the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 from contact with droplets or aerosols. The use of an additional drape designed to limit the spread of droplets and aerosols has been described; such drapes include the ‘Southampton Tent’ and ‘OtoTent’.ObjectivesTo evaluate the use of a novel drape ‘tent’ that has advantages over established ‘tent’ designs in terms of having: (1) a CE marking; (2) no requirement for modification during assembly; and (3) no obstruction to the surgical visual field.Results and conclusionDuring mastoid surgery, the dispersion of macroscopic droplets and other particulate matter was confined within the novel drape ‘tent’. Use of this drape ‘tent’ had no adverse effects upon the surgeon's manual dexterity or efficiency, the view of the surgical field, or the sterility. Hence, our findings support its use during mastoid surgery in the coronavirus disease 2019 era.
Conservation research output in sub-Saharan Africa is increasing, but only in a few countries
Authors: Pototsky P. Christy , Cresswell Will 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe tested if peer-reviewed conservation research output has increased in sub-Saharan African countries over the last 30 years in response to increased development. We carried out a bibliometric analysis to identify the number of conservation research papers published by national authors of 41 sub-Saharan African countries during 1987–2017, to provide an index of national conservation research output. We identified country-specific development factors influencing these totals, using general linear modelling. There were positive relationships between conservation research output and population size, GDP, literacy rate, international tourism receipts and population growth rate, and negative relationships with urban population and agricultural land cover, in total explaining 77% of variation. Thirty-eight per cent of countries contributed < 30 conservation research papers (of 12,701) in 30 years. Analysis of trends in primary authorship in a random subsample of 2,374 of these papers showed that primary authorship by sub-Saharan African authors has increased significantly over time but is now at a lower rate than primary authorship for authors from countries outside the country associated with the search term, usually a European or North American country. Overall, 46% of papers had national primary authors, but 67% of these were South African. The results show that conservation research output in sub-Saharan Africa overall is increasing but only significantly in a few countries, and is still dominated by non-national scientists, probably as a result of a lack of socio-economic development.
The northern bald ibis Geronticus eremita: history, current status and future perspectives
Authors: Böhm Christiane , Bowden Christopher G. R. , Seddon Philip J. , Hatipoğlu Taner , Oubrou Widade , El Bekkay Mohammed , Quevedo Miguel A. , Fritz Johannes , Yeniyurt Can , Lopez Jose Manual , Orueta Jorge Fernandez , Frigerio Didone , Unsöld Markus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe northern bald ibis Geronticus eremita was once widespread throughout the Middle East, northern Africa, and southern and central Europe. Habitat destruction, persecution and the impacts of pesticides have led to its disappearance from most of its former range. It disappeared from central Europe > 400 years ago, but has persisted as a relict and slowly growing breeding population in Morocco, where c. 700 wild birds of all ages remain. In Algeria, the last confirmed breeding was in 1984; in Turkey the fully wild population disappeared in 1989, but a population remains in semi-wild conditions. In Syria a small population was rediscovered in 2002, only to subsequently decline to functional extinction. Restoration programmes have been initiated independently in several locations, with over 300 free-flying birds resulting from reintroduction projects in Austria, Germany, Spain and Turkey, to restore both sedentary and fully migratory populations. Maintaining current efforts in Morocco remains a high conservation priority.
The longitudinal association between moral injury appraisals and psychological outcomes in refugees
Authors: Nickerson Angela , Byrow Yulisha , Hoffman Joel , O'Donnell Meaghan , Bryant Richard A , Mastrogiovanni Natalie , McMahon Tadgh , Benson Greg , Mau Vicki , Liddell Belinda J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundRefugees report a diverse array of psychological responses following persecution and displacement. Little is known, however, regarding the mechanisms that underlie differential psychological reactions in refugees. This study investigated the longitudinal impact of negative moral appraisals about one's own actions [i.e. moral injury-self (MI-self) appraisals] and others' actions [i.e. moral injury-other (MI-others) appraisals] on a variety of psychological symptoms over a period of 6 months.MethodsParticipants were 1085 Arabic, Farsi, Tamil, or English-speaking refugees who completed a survey at baseline and 6 months later either on-line or via pen-and-paper. The survey indexed demographic factors, exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs), exposure to ongoing stressors, MI-other appraisals, MI-self appraisals, re-experiencing and arousal symptoms, and feelings of sadness, anger and shame.ResultsFindings indicated that, after controlling for demographics, PTE exposure and ongoing stressors, MI-other appraisals predicted increased re-experiencing and hyperarousal symptoms, and feelings of sadness and shame. MI-self appraisals predicted decreased feelings of shame, and decreased re-experiencing symptoms. In contrast, psychological symptoms at baseline did not as strongly influence MI appraisals 6 months later.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the important role that cognitive appraisals of adverse events play in the longitudinal course of psychological symptoms. These results thus have important implications for the development of tailored psychological interventions to alleviate the mental health burden held by refugees.
Mealtime media use and cardiometabolic risk in children
Authors: Jamnik Joseph , Keown-Stoneman Charles , Eny Karen M , Maguire Jonathon L , Birken Catherine S ,   for the TARGet Kids! Collaboration
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectives:To examine the association between mealtime media use and non-HDL-cholesterol as well as other markers of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in children.Design:A repeated measures study design was used to examine the association between mealtime media use and CMR outcomes. Multivariable linear regression with generalised estimating equations was used to examine the association between mealtime media use and CMR outcomes. Analyses were stratified a priori by age groups (1–4 and 5–13 years).Setting:The TARGet Kids! Practice-based research network in Toronto, Canada.Participants:2117 children aged 1–13 years were included in the analysis.Results:After adjusting for covariates, there was no evidence that total mealtime media use was associated with non-HDL-cholesterol in 1–4 year olds (P = 0·10) or 5–13 year olds (P = 0·29). Each additional meal with media per week was associated with decreased HDL-cholesterol in 5–13 year olds (−0·006 mmol/l; 95 % CI −0·009, −0·002; P = 0·003) and log-TAG in 1–4 year olds (β = −0·004; 95 % CI −0·008, −0·00009; P = 0·04). Media use during breakfast was associated with decreased HDL-cholesterol in 5–13 year olds (−0·012 mmol/l; 95 % CI −0·02, −0·004; P = 0·002), while media during lunch was associated with decreased log-TAG (−0·01 mmol/l; 95 % CI −0·03, −0·002; P = 0·03) in children aged 1–4 years. Total mealtime media use was not associated with total cholesterol, glucose or insulin in either age group.Conclusions:Mealtime media use may be associated with unfavourable lipid profiles through effects on HDL-cholesterol in school-aged children but likely not in pre-schoolers.
Evaluating farm-level livestock interventions in low-income countries: a scoping review of what works, how, and why
Authors: Lindahl Johanna F. , Mutua Florence , Grace Delia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLivestock interventions can improve nutrition, health, and economic well-being of communities. The objectives of this review were to identify and characterize livestock interventions in developing countries and to assess their effectiveness in achieving development outcomes. A scoping review, guided by a search strategy, was conducted. Papers needed to be written in English, published in peer-reviewed journals, and describe interventions in animal health and production. Out of 2739 publications systematically screened at the title, abstract, and full publication levels, 70 met our inclusion criteria and were considered in the study. Eight relatively high-quality papers were identified and added, resulting in 78 reviewed publications. Only 15 studies used randomized controlled trial designs making it possible to confidently link interventions with the resulting outcomes. Eight studies had human nutrition or health as outcomes, 11 focused on disease control, and four were on livestock production. Eight interventions were considered successful, but only four were scalable. We found good evidence that livestock-transfer programs, leveraging livestock products for nutrition, and helping farmers manage priority diseases, can improve human well-being. Our report highlights challenges in garnering evidence for livestock interventions in developing countries and provides suggestions on how to improve the quantity and quality of future evaluations.
Behavior assessment and applications for BRD diagnosis: preweaned dairy calves
Authors: Cramer Catie , Ollivett Theresa L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBovine respiratory disease (BRD) is an important disease in dairy calves due to its long-lasting effects. Early identification results in better outcomes for the animal, but producers struggle to identify all calves with BRD. Sickness behavior, or the behavioral changes that accompany illness, has been investigated for its usefulness as a disease detection tool. Behavioral changes associated with BRD include decreased milk intake and drinking speed, depressed attitude, and less likelihood of approaching a novel object or stationary human. Behavioral measurements are useful, as they can be collected automatically or with little financial input. However, one limitation of many BRD behavioral studies includes the use of either lung auscultation or clinical signs as reference methods, which are imperfect. Additionally, external factors may influence the expression of sickness behavior, which can affect if and when behavior can be used to identify calves with BRD. Behavioral measures available to detect BRD lack adequate sensitivity and specificity to be the sole means of disease detection, especially when detection tools, such as calf lung ultrasound, have better test characteristics. However, using behavioral assessments in addition to other detection methods can allow for a robust BRD detection program that can ameliorate the consequences of BRD.