bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estructura organizacional y competitividad en industrias de alimentos: Análisis relacional
Authors: Blanco-Ariza Ana Beatriz , Vázquez-García Angel Wilhelm , García-Jiménez Rafael , Melamed-Varela Enrique 
Published: January 2021

Este artículo presenta como objetivo primordial analizar la relación entre la estructura organizacional y la competitividad como dimensiones empresariales en la labor de fortalecimiento del desempeño y sostenibilidad en las industrias del sector alimentos. Desde este propósito, se realizó una valoración de los ejes teóricos relacionados con las formas de organización y capacidades competitivas en pequeñas y medianas industrias de este sector en la ciudad de Barranquilla (Colombia), para ello se aplicó un cuestionario y se ha realizado un análisis bivariado estadístico a partir de los datos recopilados en las unidades de estudio. Como resultado se evidenció una positiva correlación entre las dimensiones de estructura organizacional y competitividad, presentando las organizaciones con adecuado diseño de su estructura, mejor desempeño competitivo en su sector. Como conclusión, se argumenta una reflexión sistemática desde la gestión en pequeñas y medianas industrias de alimentos, con la finalidad de fortalecer el diseño organizacional como estrategia que impulse su competitividad y sostenibilidad en los escenarios de negocio contemporáneos.
Tertiary Lymphoid Structures: Diversity in Their Development, Composition, and Role
Authors: Gago da Graça Catarina , van Baarsen Lisa G M , Mebius Reina E 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Lymph node stromal cells coordinate the adaptive immune response in secondary lymphoid organs, providing both a structural matrix and soluble factors that regulate survival and migration of immune cells, ultimately promoting Ag encounter. In several inflamed tissues, resident fibroblasts can acquire lymphoid-stroma properties and drive the formation of ectopic aggregates of immune cells, named tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs). Mature TLSs are functional sites for the development of adaptive responses and, consequently, when present, can have an impact in both autoimmunity and cancer conditions. In this review, we go over recent findings concerning both lymph node stromal cells and TLSs function and formation and further describe what is currently known about their role in disease, particularly their potential in tolerance.
Development and Immunological Function of Lymph Node Stromal Cells
Authors: Pikor Natalia Barbara , Cheng Hung-Wei , Onder Lucas , Ludewig Burkhard 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Stromal cells have for a long time been viewed as structural cells that support distinct compartments within lymphoid tissues and little more. Instead, an active cross-talk between endothelial and fibroblastic stromal cells drives the maturation of lymphoid niches, a relationship that is recapitulated during lymph node organogenesis, steady-state conditions, and following inflammation. In this review, we go over recent advances in genetic models and high-resolution transcriptomic analyses that have propelled the finer resolution of the stromal cell infrastructure of lymph nodes, revealing that the distinct subsets are strategically positioned to deliver a catered mixture of niche factors to interacting immune cell populations. Moreover, we discuss how changes in the activation state of poised stromal cell–underpinned niches rather than on-demand differentiation of new stromal cell subsets govern the efficient interaction of Ag, APC, and cognate B and T lymphocytes during adaptive immune responses.
Afferent Lymphatic Transport and Peripheral Tissue Immunity
Authors: Steele Maria M , Lund Amanda W 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Lymphatic vessels provide an anatomical framework for immune surveillance and adaptive immune responses. Although appreciated as the route for Ag and dendritic cell transport, peripheral lymphatic vessels are often not considered active players in immune surveillance. Lymphatic vessels, however, integrate contextual cues that directly regulate transport, including changes in intrinsic pumping and capillary remodeling, and express a dynamic repertoire of inflammatory chemokines and adhesion molecules that facilitates leukocyte egress out of inflamed tissue. These mechanisms together contribute to the course of peripheral tissue immunity. In this review, we focus on context-dependent mechanisms that regulate fluid and cellular transport out of peripheral nonlymphoid tissues to provide a framework for understanding the effects of afferent lymphatic transport on immune surveillance, peripheral tissue inflammation, and adaptive immunity.
The effect of low versus high tidal volume ventilation on inflammatory markers in animal model undergoing lung ventilation
Authors: Hajjar Waseem M. , Eldawlatly Abdelazeem , Alnassar Sami A. , Ahmed Iftikhar , Alghamedi Alaa , Shakoor Zahid , Alrikabi Ammar C. , Hajjar Adnan W. , Ahmad Abdulaziz Ejaz 
Published: January 2021

Background and Aims:
Mechanical ventilation (MV) with high tidal volume (Vt.) may induce or aggravate lung injury in critically ill patients. It might also cause an overwhelming systemic inflammation leading to acute lung injury (ALI), diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and multiple organ failure (MOF) with subsequent high mortality. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of different Vt. on the inflammatory markers of the broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung biopsy in a group of animal model (Beagle dogs).

Methods:
A two-phased prospective study involving 30 Beagle dogs (15 dogs/phase), each phase divided into three groups (each 5 dogs/group). In the first phase each group received MV with Vt. of 8 (low), 10 (normal, control group), and 12 (high) ml/kg body weight (b.w.) respectively. BAL fluid was obtained at the time of induction of anesthesia immediately following tracheal intubation and one hour later following MV to count the macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes. In the second phase of the experiment, in addition to obtaining (BAL) fluid similar to the phase one, mini thoracotomy and lung biopsy obtained from the upper lobe of the right lung at same timings for histopathological examination study. Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test was used for statistical analysis of the data obtained.

Results:
BAL fluid analysis showed increase in the counts of macrophages and lymphocytes with Vt. of 12 ml/kg b.w. compared to the control group (10 ml/kg b.w.) (P < 0.05). in the second phase, similar findings obtained. The histopathological study of the lung tissue obtained in the second phase of the study from the group that received a high Vt. of 12 ml/kg b.w. showed significant inflammatory changes with presence of neutrophil infiltration and edema in the bronchial wall compared to the control group (10 ml/kg b.w.) (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The use of high Vt. in ventilated animal lung model may increase the risk of inflammation and subsequent damage in healthy lungs, these findings may help physicians to avoid using high Vt. in short-term mechanically ventilated patients in the operating room setting.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA LAGU RUMUS MATEMATIKA BERBASIS AUDIO PLAYER UNTUK KELAS VI SD/SEDERAJAT
Authors: Gusti Ama Gusti Azis , Indra Martha Rusmana  
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan penggunaan media lagu rumus matematika pada materi
volume bangun ruang untuk kelas VI SD/Sederajat. Metode yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah metode Research and Development (Penelitian Pengembangan) dengan menggunakan prosedur pengembangan ADDIE yaitu (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Metode pengambilan data menggunakan angket validasi uji pakar. Hasil analisis data dalam proses validasi media diantaranya dari ahli media yaitu 4,06 berarti “baik”, ahli materi yaitu 4,53 berarti “sangat baik” dan ahli bahasa yaitu 3,97 berarti “baik”. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa rata-rata kelayakan media lagu rumus matematika adalah layak karena rata-rata menunjukkan hasilnya adalah baik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di MI Nurul Ikhlas Depok dan dilakukan sampai uji pakar yaitu guru kelas dan tidak dilakukan uji lapangan kecil terhadap siswa karena pandemi Covid-19 tahun 2020
Engagement, Technology, and Mathematics: Students’ Perceptions
Authors: Attard Catherine 
Published: January 2021

Many schools are investing significant funds in technology in the hope that it will address declining engagement with mathematics and improve students’ learning outcomes. This paper presents data from two studies and explores students’ perceptions of technology use during mathematics lessons and their resulting engagement. Results from the two studies suggest some relationship between the ways in which technologies are incorporated into mathematics lessons, and teacher experience and expertise.
Changing the Attitudes and Beliefs of Pre-service Primary Teachers Towards Mathematics
Authors: Stoilescu Dorian 
Published: January 2021

The importance of preparing primary educators capable of successfully teachingmathematics has been extensively emphasized in educational research. However, it is widely acknowledged that pre-service teachers in primary education start their career with poor attitudes and a great degree of anxiety towards mathematics. As such, primary education has been under severe criticism for not being able to provide their pre-service teachers with an adequate set of skills and attitudes towards mathematics. This paper discusses several cases and searches for possible explanations that are perpetuating this state. As well, this theoretical paper gives some recommendations for decreasing mathematics anxiety and improving mathematical knowledge for pre-service teachers in primary education.
The Impact of Gender, Parents’ Education Level, and Socio-Economic Status on Turkish Students’ Mathematics Performance
Authors: Rusli Rusli 
Published: January 2021

This paper describes secondary data analyses that investigate the impact of gender, parents’ education level, and socio-economic status upon Turkish students’ mathematics achievement in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2009. The analyses were done quantitatively using t-tests, one-way ANOVA, correlation and linear regression. The findings revealed that gender differences and Turkish students’ mathematics performance are statistically significant but practically not significant. Parents’ education level had an impact on Turkish students’ mathematics achievements. The index of Economic, Social and Cultural Status (ESCS) had a positive effect on mathematics achievements and ESCS was a significant predictor of Turkish students’ mathematics performance. The findings seem to suggest that at the school level, the school environment is expected to build students’ motivation in learning, and the teachers in the classroom setting are expected to provide extra hours and learning consultation services for students who need it. At the student level, students were expected to have high motivation in learning and are suggested to not rely on learning facilities provided by their parents. However, further research is required prior to making any recommendations on school policy, teaching, and learning practice in the classroom setting.
Inconsistency Among Beliefs, Knowledge, and Teaching Practice in Mathematical Problem Solving: A Case Study of a Primary Teacher
Authors: Siswono Tatag Yuli Eko , Kohar Ahmad Wachidul , Kurniasari Ika , Hartono Sugi 
Published: January 2021

This is a case study investigating a primary teacher’s beliefs, knowledge, and teaching practice in mathematical problem solving. Data was collected through interview of one primary teacher regarding his beliefs on the nature of mathematics, mathematics teaching, and mathematics learning as well as knowledge about content and pedagogy of problem solving. His teaching practice was also observed which focused on the way he helped his students solve several different mathematics problems in class based on Polya’s problemsolving process: understand the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back. Findings of this study point out that while the teacher’s beliefs, which are closely related to his problem solving view, are consistent with his knowledge of problem solving, there is a gap between such beliefs and knowledge around his teaching practice. The gap appeared primarily around the directive teaching which corresponds to instrumental view he held in most of Polya’s process during his teaching practice, which is not consistent with beliefs and knowledge he professed during the interview. Some possible causes related to several associate factors such as immediate classroom situation and teaching practice experience are discussed to explain such inconsistency. The results of this study are encouraging, however, further studies still need to be conducted.
The Implementation of TPACK (Technology, Pedagogy, and Content Knowledge) Framework on Indonesian Online Mathematics Teachers Training
Authors: Rohmitawati Rohmitawati 
Published: January 2021

This study aimed to describe how the implementation of the TPACK (Technology, Pedagogy, and Content Knowledge) framework used for online mathematics teacher training, and to observe participants’ response of the course. This research was a case study of online training for 30 Indonesian junior secondary school mathematics teachers on a quadrilateral course developed using the TPACK framework. The TPACK framework provides a map for understanding how to effectively integrate technology and instructional strategies into the content. The finding of this study for the teachers in the sample were: (1) The TPACK framework was implemented interactively in the integration process of GeoGebra (technology) using discovery learning strategies (pedagogy) on the square area formula (content) for quadrilateral properties; (2) The use of the TPACK framework on the online course received positive responses from teachers in the sample and they stated that it would be interesting and helpful when used in the classroom.
Students’ Errors and Misconceptions about Operations of Fractions in an Indonesian Primary School
Authors: Ratnasari Ratnasari 
Published: January 2021

Fraction is one of the topics that is learned by students from primary, in secondary school and even college. When learning about fractions, sometimes students find difficulties that can trigger errors and misconceptions. This study was conducted to identify common students’ errors and misconceptions about operations of fractions (i.e. addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) in an Indonesian primary school. The study used a qualitative methodology and involved 4 participants (S1, S2, S3, and S4) from 6th grade students from a classroom in a public primary school in South Jakarta. They were selected based on theirscores on a test on operations of fraction (15 problems). The four participants who were chosen, each got 2, 4, 6, and 14 answers correct. The result of this study indicated that for these four students, some errors about fractions in their primary school were errors in computing the fractions and mistyping the solutions. Some of the misconceptions of fractions were related to fraction operations.
Ruqyah Syar’iyah: Upaya Mencari Kesembuhan
Authors: Hayat Mukhtamar 
Published: January 2021

The treatment of ruqyah syar'iyah (hereinafter referred to as ruqyah) is one of the treatments practiced in time of Rasulullas SAW. In the last few years, such treatment has been popularly practiced in Indonesia, including in Makassar, one of the cities in Indonesia where the practice of ruqyah is mushrooming. While many literatures deal with the practice of ruqyah from spiritual point of view, the new contribution of this article lies in the practice of various types of ruqyah.
This study was conducted in the city of Makassar, the capital city of South Sulawesi where more than 80% of its population are Muslims. Using qualitative approach, this study involved 14 informants, consisting of eight patients, two peruqyah, staff of ruqyah clinic and patients’ families respectively. Data was collected using the combination of interview and observation.
This study shows that whether or not one is intended to cure his/herself depends very much on their belief in the treatment. Some started with modern medical treatment, others had full faith from the start. Some did it on the basis of their own desire, others influenced by close relatives. Ruqyah is part of Tibbun Nabawi and in its development ruqyah itself is divided into three types, namely, mass ruqyah, clinic ruqyah, and independent ruqyah. Despite the fact that the stages of each type are relatively the same: pra-ruqyah, main ruqyah, and post-ruqyah, each has its own uniqueness. Ruqyah not only helps to heal someone, especially those who suffer from disorders of spirits, but also strives to be a medium of preaching for patients. Curative healing is the main axis in the treatment of ruqyah, but preventive measures are also introduced as a bulwark against disturbance by spirits. Even though ruqyah is an islamic treatment, non-Muslim is not prohibit to take such treatment as long as they believe and follow the rule. This indicates that the belief to such treatment breaks down religious barriers. However, healing through ruqyah treatment is not entirely dependended on peruqyah, but it is mainly depended on the patient him/herself, by improving his/her quality of life after the ruqyah treatment.
Accelerating and Improving Simulation Performance in Communication Systems Modeling through Parallel Computing and Clustering
Authors: Kapusniak Kacper , Nautiyal Tanmay , Grammenos Ryan 
Published: January 2021

Existing 5G communication systems suffer from two major problems: the need for better spectrum efficiency and lesser adjacent channel interference. Thus, development of novel waveform techniques to overcome these problems is a major topic of research amongst scholars and it requires carrying out Monte Carlo simulations in MATLAB© (by MathWorks) to measure the Bit Error Rate (BER) of these communication models. As most of these simulations require millions of computations, they take a significantly long time to run (for example, days) as they run on single-core machines and carry out the computations serially. The main objective of this research is to reimplement current scripts using various parallel computing techniques in MATLAB to study which one is the best suited for this particular type of simulations while also scaling these scripts onto a multi-core cluster to further improve the execution time.
Selected psychometric aspects of the Polish version of the Liverpool Self-efficacy Scale
Authors: Dymecka Joanna , Gerymski Rafał , Bidzan Mariola 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundSelf-efficacy expresses the individual’s belief in their ability to take up and continue actions in order to achieve a particular result and cope with various life events. For people with multiple sclerosis (MS), self-efficacy is an im-portant resource because it affects how they adapt to the disease, and influences their motivation, health-related behavior and physical activity. It also has a great impact on their quality of life. Because of the lack of tools for meas-uring self-efficacy in Polish patients with multiple sclerosis, the goal of the current study was to develop a Polish language version of the Liverpool Self-efficacy Scale (LSES) and assess its validity and reliability.Participants and procedureA total of 175 people diagnosed with MS took part in the study. A Polish version of the LSES, the Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SOC-29), the Resiliency Assessment Scale (SPP-25), the Health-Related Hardiness Scale (HRHS), the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS) and the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale were applied.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis using α and ω coefficients, and two measures of validity (content and criterion validity) were used in order to validate psychometric properties of the Polish version of the LSES. Our analyses confirmed a good fit of the one-factor and two-factor models.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the Polish version of the LSES is a useful and valuable tool for assessing levels of self-efficacy in Polish patients with multiple sclerosis. The scale can be used for both clinical and research purposes.
Structural investigation of the Short Dark Triad for Youths (13-16 years)
Authors: Klimczak Agnieszka , Turska Dorota 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe classic three-factor structure of the Short Dark Triad Questionnaire (SD3) has been confirmed in studies on different popu-lations. However, a few studies (including those on the Polish population) reveal some problem with the proposed SD3 struc-ture. The main goal of the present study was to investigate the structure of the Short Dark Triad for Youths (SD3-Y) in a sample of subclinical Polish adolescents. The results obtained should be treated as comments on the inconsistencies that exist among classic and critical conceptualisations of the SD3 structure.Participants and procedureThree studies were conducted: (1) adaptation of the Polish version of the SD3 in terms of linguistic and cognitive needs of ado-lescents (N = 45); (2) investigation of the structure of the SD3-Y (N = 405); (3) examination of the external validity of the SD3-Y (N = 325).ResultsA series of confirmatory factor analyses, reliability analyses using ω coefficients as well as a correlation analysis between the Dark Triad traits and Big Five traits, aggression and self-esteem were conducted. No replication of the factor structure of the classic model was obtained. The bifactor Dark Dyad model with psychopathy and Machiavellianism as two dimensions best fits the data. The ω reliability coefficients were acceptable with the highest value for psychopathy. There was an admissible external validity level.ConclusionsThe Dark Triad as measured by SD3-Y comprises the Dark Dyad (psychopathy, Machiavellianism) and narcissism as a feature independent of the other two. Such data comply with the critical findings relating to the structure of the SD3 with a Polish adult population.
The risk for the female athlete triad in Brazilian athletes
Authors: Maria Uyara Pereira De , Juzwiak Claudia Ridel 
Published: January 2021

PurposeThe female athlete triad (triad) is a medical condition observed in athletes and physically active females. Its components are low energy availability, with or without an eating disorder, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. The aims of this study
were to identify the triad risk in Brazilian athletes and to characterize the prevalence of symptoms associated with the
triad risk.MethodsCrossFit, endurance, aesthetic, combat, and team sports female athletes aged 18–39 years, training 5 hours/week
and regularly competing answered the Brazilian version of the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q).ResultsTriad risk, corresponding to a LEAF-Q score 8, was identified in 34% of the participants. Combat athletes presented the highest mean LEAF-Q score [10.6 (3.0); <i>p</i> < 0.05] and injury score [4.8 (1.6); <i>p</i> < 0.05]. Overall, 48 athletes reported
an injury due to training overload in the previous year; this type of injury was associated with the triad risk (<i>p</i> < 0.05).
A LEAF-Q score 8 was related to gastrointestinal (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and menstrual dysfunctions (<i>p</i> < 0.001). A high prevalence
(46.4%) of self-reported menstrual dysfunction was observed. A higher percentage (50%) of weight-sensitive sports athletes
than of team sports athletes presented LEAF-Q score 8.ConclusionsTriad risk was observed in Brazilian athletes competing in numerous sports; however, weight-sensitive sports
athletes, especially combat athletes, are more vulnerable to the triad risk. LEAF-Q is a reliable tool to identify athletes at
risk of developing the triad and symptoms related to low energy availability