bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Location and magnitude of capsular injuries varies following multiple anterior dislocations of the shoulder: Implications for surgical repair
Authors: Yoshida Masahito , Takenaga Tetsuya , Chan Calvin K. , Musahl Volker , Debski Richard E. , Lin Albert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCapsular injuries can occur during multiple shoulder dislocations. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the location and magnitude of glenohumeral capsular injury following multiple dislocations. We hypothesized that the magnitude of capsular injury would increase and the location of peak injury would vary depending on the number of dislocations. Seven fresh‐frozen cadaveric shoulders were used. A 7 × 11 grid of strain markers was affixed to the anteroinferior capsule. Each joint was then mounted to a six degree‐freedom robotic testing system. Marker tracking was performed following 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 dislocations to determine the nonrecoverable strain as capsular injury. Following each dislocation, the magnitude of the maximum principal strain representing the nonrecoverable strain in the inferior glenohumeral capsule was quantified by comparing the strain marker positions following each dislocation. The peak value of nonrecoverable strain statistically increased with the number of dislocations in five of seven specimens (p = .0007). The capsular location that had the peak value of nonrecoverable strain varied according to the number of dislocations, and from specimen to specimen. The nonrecoverable strain was identified in the posterior capsule and anterior axillary pouch, which increased with the number of dislocations compared to the other regions of the capsule (p = .001–.012) by up to 16%. Clinical significance: While plication of the anterior axillary pouch is important following multiple dislocations, a more extensive anterior capsular shift may be necessary with an increased number of dislocations in addition to a posterior capsular shift when appropriate.
Predictive value of the morphology of proximal tibiofibular joint for total knee replacement in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhao Yi , Zhu Zhaohua , Chang Jun , Wang Guoliang , Zheng Shuang , Kwoh C. Kent , Lynch John , Hunter David J. , Ding Changhai 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe association between proximal tibiofibular joint (PTFJ) and knee osteoarthritis (OA) has been understudied. The objective of this study was to determine whether the morphology of PTFJ has predictive value for the risk of total knee replacement (TKR). Case knees from Osteoarthritis Initiative participants with TKR at 24–60 months follow up (cases) were 1:1 matched with control knees (no TKR throughout 60 months) by baseline age, sex, and Kellgren–Lawrence grade. PTFJ morphological parameters, including coronal inclination angle (angle α), sagittal inclination angle (angle β), fibular contacting area (S), load‐bearing area (Sτ), lateral stress‐bolstering area (Sφ), and posterior stress‐bolstering area (Sυ) were assessed using coronal and sagittal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), respectively. Associations of the morphological measures at baseline and the time point before TKR (T0) and their changes with TKR risks were examined using conditional logistic regression analyses. Two hundred and twenty‐three knees of 193 participants received TKR between 12 and 60 months and therefore were matched with 223 control knees. Of these, 173 paired knees had MRI readings available both at baseline and T0 time point. While baseline angle α was positively associated with TKR risk, other measures at baseline and all measures at T0 were not significantly associated with TKR risk. Changes in S, Sτ, and Sυ were significantly and negatively associated with the risk of TKR (ΔS, odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19–0.76; ΔSτ, OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.16–0.87; ΔSυ, OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08–0.62, respectively). This data shows that morphological changes of PTFJ predict the risk of TKR, suggesting PTFJ may play a role in knee OA.
A sensitive ultra‐fast liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of ten constituents of Deng‐Zhan‐Xi‐Xin injection in rat plasma and its application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study in sham and middle cerebral artery occlusion rats
Authors: Guo Xin , Lin Shan , Liang Wei , Dou Xiuxiu , Wang Xinyu , Tian Xinhui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDeng‐Zhan‐Xi‐Xin injection is widely used to treat cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases in clinical practice. A rapid and selective method based on ultra‐fast liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was established and validated to simultaneously quantify chlorogenic acid, 1,3‐O‐dicaffeoylquinic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, neochlorogenic acid, erigeside I, cryptochlorogenic acid, apigenin‐7‐O‐glucuronide, scutellarin, isochlorogenic acid B, and isochlorogenic acid C of Deng‐Zhan‐Xi‐Xin injection in both sham and middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. This was the first quantitative analysis of these ten constituents in both sham and middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. Chromatographic separation of these ten constituents was accomplished on an Acquity HSS T3 column with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water. Mass analysis was performed in negative ion mode with an electrospray ionization source using multiple reaction monitoring technology. The pharmacokinetic study of the ten constituents in sham and middle cerebral artery occlusion rats after intravenous administration of Deng‐Zhan‐Xi‐Xin injection was successfully accomplished by using this validated method. Based on the results of pharmacokinetic parameters, significant differences were observed between the two groups, which might be due to the pathological factors of middle cerebral artery occlusion and pharmacological effects of Deng‐Zhan‐Xi‐Xin injection.
Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Analysis by Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound of Endometrial Lesions
Authors: Xu Jia , Qiao Lang , Xiong Kailing , Cheng Shutao , Luo Hong , Wang Yang , He Junxuan , Chen Xin , Pan Mei 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo explore the diagnostic value of time‐intensity curve parameters from contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations of endometrial lesions.MethodsFifty‐two patients with suspected endometrial lesions who received vaginal CEUS examinations were divided into a polyp group (n = 36), a malignant group (n = 11), and a normal control group (n = 5) based on the pathologic diagnosis. The midpoint of the myometrium at the same depth as the endometrial lesion was used as the reference point. The initial increase time, time to peak, area under the curve, and peak intensity were determined by the time‐intensity curve. The relative parameters, namely, the initial increase time difference, peak time difference, area ratio, and peak intensity ratio, were also calculated and analyzed statistically.ResultsThe comparison results of the relative parameters among the groups showed that the differences in the time difference, intensity ratio, and area ratio were statistically significant. The differences in the intensity ratio and time difference between the malignant and normal groups were statistically significant (P < .001). The differences in the intensity ratio, area ratio, and time difference between the malignant and polyp groups were statistically significant (P < .001). The diagnostic value of the intensity ratio and area ratio was confirmed by a receiver operating characteristic curve. The sensitivity and specificity of the intensity ratio and area ratio in the groups were 100% and 77.5% and 85.7% and 85.0%, respectively.ConclusionsThe relative CEUS parameters in endometrial lesions provide more diagnostic value in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions than the absolute parameters.
Predictive Value of Single or Combined Ultrasound Signs in the Diagnosis of Ovarian Torsion
Authors: Yatsenko Oleg , Vlachou Paraskevi A. , Glanc Phyllis 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTo determine predictive values of isolated and combined ultrasound signs in the diagnosis of adnexal torsion.MethodsThis work was a retrospective study of 129 adult female patients who underwent an ultrasound examination followed by a definitive surgical procedure within a 24‐hour period to determine whether adnexal torsion was present.ResultsThe positive predictive value (PPV) of the ultrasound diagnosis of adnexal torsion was 82.2%. The statistically significant ultrasound signs in multivariate logistic regression with single‐predictor analyses were relative enlargement of the ovary, an abnormal adnexal position, a twisted vascular pedicle, and the follicular edema “ring sign.” Possible combinations of these ultrasound criteria showed high specificities (74%–100%), high PPVs (93%–100%), and lower sensitivities (29%–71%) and negative predictive values (24%–35%). Any combination that included a twisted vascular pedicle or the follicular ring sign as one of the signs had high odds ratios and positive likelihood ratios.ConclusionsUltrasound has a high PPV as a first‐choice imaging modality in the diagnosis of adnexal torsion. The combinations of the following 4 statistically significant ultrasound signs, consisting of an abnormal position, relative enlargement of the index ovary, a twisted vascular pedicle, and the follicular edema ring sign, substantially narrow the imaging differential diagnosis in such cases. The presence of vascular pedicle twisting and the follicular ring sign was highly associated with a positive ovarian torsion diagnosis, with 100% specificity.
Factors Influencing Survival Rates of Pronghorn Fawns in Idaho
Authors: Panting Brett R. , Gese Eric M. , Conner Mary M. , Bergen Scott 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTPronghorn (Antilocapra americana) occur throughout western North America. In Idaho, USA, following intensive hunting to reduce crop depredations in the late 1980s, pronghorn populations have not rebounded to desired levels. Because neonatal survival in ungulates is one factor limiting population growth, we evaluated cause‐specific mortality and the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on survival rates of 217 radio‐collared pronghorn fawns across 3 study areas in Idaho during 2015–2016. For intrinsic variables, we determined the sex and body mass index (BMI) for each fawn. For extrinsic variables, we determined the abundance of predators and alternate prey, estimated the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for 1 month pre‐ and post‐parturition, and measured fecal nitrogen and diaminopimelic acid (DAPA). We considered NDVI as a measure of plant productivity, and fecal nitrogen and DAPA as possible proxies of diet quality. We predicted NDVI, fecal nitrogen, and DAPA would be positively related to the nutritional status of females and positively related to fawn survival. We used Program MARK with known fate models to estimate semi‐monthly survival rates of pronghorn fawns for the first 4 months post‐parturition. During both years, the leading cause of fawn mortality was coyote (Canis latrans) predation (58%), followed by unknown causes of mortality (18%), unknown predation (12%), predation by bobcats (Lynx rufus; 6%), predation by golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos; 3%), and other (3%). Mean fawn survival for the 4 months post‐parturition across years and study sites was 0.42 ± 0.04 (SE; range = 28–62%). The top survival model included BMI, lagomorph abundance, and DAPA and had a model weight of 83.3%. All 3 variables were positively related to pronghorn fawn survival. Because females with increased nutrition generally have heavier fawns, BMI was likely correlated to diet quality, which was supported by the positive relationship between DAPA and fawn survival. We hypothesize that high lagomorph abundance created an alternate prey base to buffer coyotes from preying on pronghorn neonates. We found no influence of measures of NDVI (pre‐ and post‐parturition), fecal nitrogen, or predator abundance on fawn survival. Management actions providing high‐quality forage for pronghorn are likely to contribute to production of heavier fawns having the highest chance of survival. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
A Review of Telemedicine Applications in Otorhinolaryngology: Considerations During the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Singh Amrita K. , Kasle David A. , Jiang Roy , Sukys Jordan , Savoca Emily L. , Z. Lerner Michael , Kohli Nikita 
Published: September 2020

Objective/HypothesisReview the published literature of telemedicine's use within otorhinolaryngology (ORL), highlight its successful implementation, and document areas with need of future research.Study DesignState of the Art Review.MethodsThree independent, comprehensive searches for articles published on the subject of telemedicine in ORL were conducted of literature available from January 2000 to April 2020. Search terms were designed to identify studies which examined telemedicine use within ORL. Consensus among authors was used to include all relevant articles.ResultsWhile several, small reports document clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction, and the cost of telemedicine, much of the literature on telemedicine in ORL is comprised of preliminary, proof‐of‐concept reports. Further research will be necessary to establish its strengths and limitations.ConclusionsParticularly during the coronavirus disease of 2019 pandemic, telemedicine can, and should, be used within ORL practice. This review can assist in guiding providers in implementing telemedicine that has been demonstrated to be successful, and direct future research.Laryngoscope, 131:744–759, 2021
Association and Familial Coaggregation of Idiopathic Dystonia With Psychiatric Outcomes
Authors: Martino Davide , Brander Gustaf , Svenningsson Per , Larsson Henrik , Fernández de la Cruz Lorena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPsychiatric comorbidities are common and major determinants of quality of life in idiopathic dystonia. Their prevalence estimates from service‐based studies are heterogeneous.ObjectiveWe explored the association between idiopathic dystonia and depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, suicide attempts, and death by suicide using Swedish population‐based registers.MethodsDiagnoses of idiopathic dystonia and psychiatric outcomes from inpatient and outpatient specialist services (1997–2013) were collected from the National Patient Register and the Cause of Death Register. Familial associations were explored using the Multi‐Generation Register. Adjusted logistic regression analyses measured associations with psychiatric disorders in individuals with dystonia compared with general population individuals and their unaffected siblings, as well as in full siblings of individuals with dystonia compared with full siblings of unaffected individuals.ResultsIndividuals with dystonia were more likely than those without to have a diagnosis of depressive disorder (adjusted odds ratio = 2.00, 95% confidence interval: 1.77–2.26), anxiety disorder (adjusted odds ratio = 2.13, 95% confidence interval: 1.90–2.39), and suicide attempts/death by suicide combined (adjusted odds ratio = 1.80, 95% confidence interval: 1.50–2.17), with odds higher in most idiopathic dystonia forms. In the full sibling comparison, estimates followed the same pattern, with overall attenuated magnitude. Full siblings of individuals with dystonia had higher likelihood of depressive or anxiety disorders and suicide attempts/death by suicide combined compared with siblings of individuals without dystonia.ConclusionsDifferent forms of idiopathic dystonia confirm its association with increased risk for depressive and anxiety disorders and suicide attempts. Familial coaggregation of dystonia and these psychiatric comorbidities supports shared genetic and extragenetic factors. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Effect of Gluten Ingestion and FODMAP Restriction on Intestinal Epithelial Integrity in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Self‐Reported Non‐Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity
Authors: Ajamian Mary , Rosella Gennaro , Newnham Evan D. , Biesiekierski Jessica R. , Muir Jane G. , Gibson Peter R. 
Published: September 2020

ScopeSince epithelial barrier dysfunction has been associated with gluten and fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyols (FODMAPs), the effect of alterations in FODMAP a gluten intake on epithelial barrier function in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) who self‐reported gluten sensitivity.Methods and resultsCirculating concentrations of markers of epithelial injury (syndecan‐1 and intestinal fatty acid‐binding protein) and bacterial translocation (lipopolysaccharide‐binding protein and soluble CD14) are measured while consuming habitual gluten‐free diet and during blinded challenges with gluten or placebo on a background of low FODMAP intake. In 33 patients, only syndecan‐1 concentrations during their habitual diet are elevated (median 43 ng mL−1) compared with 23 ng mL−1in 49 healthy subjects (p< 0.001). On a low FODMAP diet, symptoms are reduced and levels of syndecan‐1 (but not other markers) fell by a median 3335% (p< 0.001) irrespective of whether gluten is present or not.ConclusionGluten ingestion has no specific effect on epithelial integrity or symptoms in this cohort, but reducing FODMAP intake concomitantly reduces symptoms and reverses apparent colonic epithelial injury. These findings highlight the heterogeneity of populations self‐reporting gluten sensitivity and implicate FODMAPs in colonic injury in IBS.
Multi‐domain convolutional neural network (MD‐CNN) for radial reconstruction of dynamic cardiac MRI
Authors: El‐Rewaidy Hossam , Fahmy Ahmed S. , Pashakhanloo Farhad , Cai Xiaoying , Kucukseymen Selcuk , Csecs Ibolya , Neisius Ulf , Haji‐Valizadeh Hassan , Menze Bjoern , Nezafat Reza 
Published: September 2020

PurposeCardiac MR cine imaging allows accurate and reproducible assessment of cardiac function. However, its long scan time not only limits the spatial and temporal resolutions but is challenging in patients with breath‐holding difficulty or non‐sinus rhythms. To reduce scan time, we propose a multi‐domain convolutional neural network (MD‐CNN) for fast reconstruction of highly undersampled radial cine images.MethodsMD‐CNN is a complex‐valued network that processes MR data in k‐space and image domains via k‐space interpolation and image‐domain subnetworks for residual artifact suppression. MD‐CNN exploits spatio‐temporal correlations across timeframes and multi‐coil redundancies to enable high acceleration. Radial cine data were prospectively collected in 108 subjects (50 ± 17 y, 72 males) using retrospective‐gated acquisition with 80%:20% split for training/testing. Images were reconstructed by MD‐CNN and k‐t Radial Sparse‐Sense(kt‐RASPS) using an undersampled dataset (14 of 196 acquired views; relative acceleration rate = 14). MD‐CNN images were evaluated quantitatively using mean‐squared‐error (MSE) and structural similarity index (SSIM) relative to reference images, and qualitatively by three independent readers for left ventricular (LV) border sharpness and temporal fidelity using 5‐point Likert‐scale (1‐non‐diagnostic, 2‐poor, 3‐fair, 4‐good, and 5‐excellent).ResultsMD‐CNN showed improved MSE and SSIM compared to kt‐RASPS (0.11 ± 0.10 vs. 0.61 ± 0.51, and 0.87 ± 0.07 vs. 0.72 ± 0.07, respectively;P< .01). Qualitatively, MD‐CCN significantly outperformed kt‐RASPS in LV border sharpness (3.87 ± 0.66 vs. 2.71 ± 0.58 at end‐diastole, and 3.57 ± 0.6 vs. 2.56 ± 0.6 at end‐systole, respectively;P< .01) and temporal fidelity (3.27 ± 0.65 vs. 2.59 ± 0.59;P< .01).ConclusionMD‐CNN reduces the scan time of cine imaging by a factor of 23.3 and provides superior image quality compared to kt‐RASPS.
Pad weight gain in asymptomatic continent women is far less than the current ICS definition
Authors: Duffy Megan , Axell Richard , Nicholls Claire , Gora Audrey , Solomon Eskinder , Kightley Robert , Hamid Rizwan , Ockrim Jeremy L. , Pakzad Mahreen , Greenwell Tamsin J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsTo investigate typical pad weight gain (PWG) in asymptomatic women who have never reported any episodes of urinary incontinence.MethodsAn observational study was performed by measuring the increase in weight of small sanitary pads worn by 35 healthy, female volunteers of a median age 36 (range, 23–56) years. Each pad was worn for a minimum of 5 h which is the typical maximum duration of an ambulatory urodynamics study.ResultsThe median duration of pad wear was 6 h (interquartile range [IQR], 5–8). The median PWG was 0.111 g (IQR, 0.047–0.255). The maximum recorded PWG was 0.621 g and the minimum was 0.012 g. PWG was not significantly affected by age, parity, years since last delivery, body mass index, or menopausal status.ConclusionsPWG over a median duration of 6 h (IQR, 5–8) is typically <0.7 g in women who are asymptomatic of urinary incontinence. Therefore, PWGs in excess of 0.7 g over a 5‐h ambulatory urodynamics study in symptomatic women are likely to be diagnostic of urinary incontinence.
The role of perioperative medications in urinary retention following midurethral sling
Authors: Katz Eric G. , Stensland Kristian D. , Alazem Kareem , MacLachlan Lara S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsPostoperative urinary retention (PUR) is a known complication of midurethral sling (MUS) placement. The use of certain perioperative medications may influence the risk of this complication. This study aimed to investigate the association of perioperative medications with urinary retention after MUS.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of women undergoing MUS placement for stress urinary incontinence by a fellowship‐trained urologic surgeon between 2015 and 2018, under approval by the Institutional Review Board. Both retropubic and transobturator approaches were included. All patients underwent an active void trial following surgery. Intraoperative medications given by the anesthesia team were retrospectively noted. The Fisher's exact test was used to compare the association of PUR with categorical variables.ResultsA total of 82 patients were included, 17 (21%) of whom failed postoperative void trial due to urinary retention. Of 25 patients receiving perioperative scopolamine, 40% failed the postoperative void trial, compared to 12% of patients not receiving scopolamine (p = .048). Groups were then stratified based on scopolamine use due to the observed independent association with PUR. Subgroup analysis revealed a stronger association of postoperative retention with scopolamine in patients undergoing concomitant prolapse surgery. Notably, retention rate and scopolamine use were similar whether patients underwent sling placement alone or in combination with prolapse surgery. Rate of retention was also higher for retropubic versus transobturator slings (36% vs. 9%; p = .005).ConclusionsPerioperative scopolamine may be associated with an increased risk of postoperative urinary retention following MUS, especially in the setting of a concomitant prolapse surgery.