bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood Cortisol Level in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Correlation with Parameters of Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolisms
Authors: Nadolnik Liliya , Polubok Vyacheslav , Gonchar Kirill 
Published: January 2021

Background and Objective: Disturbance in adrenocortical mechanisms of regulation can play a significant role in the development of metabolic syndrome (MS).
The goal of the work was to study the correlations between the glucocorticoid status of patients with metabolic syndrome and the severity of disturbances in carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms.
Materials and Methods: Our studies carried out on two groups of patients, healthy subjects (n=28) and patients with MS characterized by obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and hypertension (n=20), provide evidence for close relationships between the level of blood cortisol and the extent of MS severity. The concentration of cortisol, glucose, triglycerols, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL was determined in blood samples.
Results: Patients with MS and low blood cortisol level showed less pronounced disturbances in lipid metabolism: The concentration of triglycerols was decreased by 30.2%, whereas that of LDL was reduced by 16.3% compared to patients with MS and normal cortisol level. The level of cortisol was correlated to the level of total cholesterol (rs= –0.3601, p=0.046). These relationships were more pronounced in patients with MS: their LDL levels highly significantly correlated to the cholesterol/cortisol ratio (rs=0.7062, p=0.01). In contrast to the higher blood glucose concentrations (>7.1 mmol/l), the low levels (<5.0) in patients with MS (and not in healthy subjects) were related to the risk of increase in morning blood cortisol concentrations in fasting patients.
Conclusion: The results obtained show that the correlations between glucocorticoids and cholesterol can play a significant role in the mechanisms of MS development, which is most probably related to dysregulation of the pituitary-adrenal system in the development of MS.
Childhood Convulsion: Home-care and Complications Seen in Children Presenting with Convulsion at the Federal Medical Centre Asaba, Delta State
Authors: Okike C. O. , Ajaegbu O. C. , Emeagui O. D. , Abonyi L. E. , Muoneke V. U. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Convulsion, a common neurological disorder resulting from abnormal electrical activities in the brain with morbidity and mortality depending largely on the cause of the convulsion and interventional practices. Outcome is often worsened when agitated parents/caregivers ignorantly deploy harmful home practices.
Objective: This study evaluated different home care offered to a convulsing child and their impact on the child.
Methods: This was a prospective study involving all children who came in with convulsion to the Paediatric Department of the Federal Medical Center, Asaba over a study period of 14 months. A Researcher administered pre-tested questionnaire was used to assess the types of home care given. Physical examination was carried out on all the patients while using a Chest radiogram to confirm cases of suspected aspiration.
Results: One form or more of harmful traditional home care was administered to 84% of the study children, 48% percent had palm kernel oil applied to the skin and other parts of the body while 33.3% of the convulsing children had spoons forcefully inserted into their mouths. The most common complication was massive blood loss from scarification marks in 60% of the subjects while fear of death was a common cause for concern in 56% of the parents.
The relationship between the socio-economic status of the parents and the caregiver to a convulsing child was seen to be statistically significant (p < 0.005).
Conclusion: Homecare/treatment for childhood convulsion is a common practice among caregivers necessitating an urgent need for mass education and enlightenment on proper management of convulsion.
Original Research Article MRI in Evaluation of Knee Cystic Lesions
Authors: Hamoda Sara A. M. , Mubarak Amr Ahmed , Samy Ahmed M. , Dawoud Mahmoud A. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Cystic knee lesions (synovial cysts, bursae, ganglia, and meniscal cysts) are frequently discovered and can be divided into real cysts and lesions that simulate cysts (hematomas, seromas, abscesses and vascular lesions).
Aim of the Work: The aim of this study was to assess the role of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of cysts and cyst like lesions in and around the knee.
Subjects and Methods: From January 2018 to August 2019, 30 patients were referred from outpatient clinics and orthopedic surgery department to MRI unit of radiodiagnosis and medical imaging department at Tanta University Hospitals, for MRI evaluation of suspected knee cystic lesions.
Results: MRI was able to detect all clinically suspected cystic lesions within the knee. It also helped to describe morphology and it’s relation to surrounding tissues. 16.7% and 3.3% of the studied cystic lesions had fine and thick septa respectively, and 67 % of the studied cystic lesions had communication with the joints. MRI could identify the associated pathology of most of the detected cystic lesions (80%). The most common pathology were meniscal degeneration (26.7%) followed by meniscal tear and osteoarthritis (23.3%) and (20%) respectively. Ligament tear / sprain formed 6.7% of the total cysts while bone contusion forms 3.3%.
Conclusion: The findings of this study confirm that In spite of its high cost, limited availability and the need for highly expert radiologists, MRI remains the method of choice for both diagnosis, characterization and uncovering the associated pathology and cause of cystic lesions around the knee. The high ability of MRI to image soft tissues plays a key role.
Assessment of Antioxidant Potential of Lutein, a Retinol Equivalent Carotenoid in Medicinal Landrace of Rice ‘Kavuni’
Authors: Chimmili Suvarna Rani , Kumar C. R. Ananda , Subashini G. , Raveendran M. , Robin S. , Padmavathi G. , Kumar J. Aravind , Jyothi B. , Divya B. , Sruthi K. , Rao L. V. Subba 
Published: January 2021

Background: Indigenous traditional coloured rices are rich in dietary fibre, resistant starch, minerals, bioactive compounds and antioxidants like anthocyanins, luteins and phenols. Kavuni is one such brownish black medical landrace of rice considered as nutrition supplement since 400BC as it cures gastritis, peptic ulcer and also enhances blood circulation and known for its anti diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. Lutein is the only dietary oxycarotenoid found in both the macula and lens of the human eye, and acts as blocker of blue light damage, quench reactive oxygen species, prevent age related macular degeneration, cataracts, cardiovascular disease and lung cancer.
Aim: The objective of the present investigation was to characterize the lutein content and antioxidant potential of Kavuni and released mega varieties of rice (ASD 16, Swarna Sub1) and its derivatives obtained from crosses ASD 16 and Kavuni; Swarna Sub1 and Kavuni.
Methodology & Results: It was found that lutein (quantified by HPLC) was much higher in Kavuni (225 µg/100 g) compared with white rice varieties (ASD 16-15 µg/100g and Swarna Sub1-21 µg/100 g) and the DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging ability (for quantification of antioxidant potential) were in the order (Kavuni >>ASD16, Swarna Sub1. Pigmented grain genotypes having higher lutein content had higher percentage of free radical scavenging activity of DPPH and lower IC50 values compared to non pigmented genotypes.
Conclusion: It is conceivable that the medicinal landraces of rice could be exploited as one of the potential sources for plant - based pharmaceutical products.
Development, Feasibility Assessment and in-vitro Evaluation of Diclofenac Potassium Multilayered Tablets
Authors: Abbas Jabbar , Yousuf Muhammad , Laghari Sadaf Hayat , Siyal Fahad Jibran , Muhammad Shaib , Qureshi Yasmeen , Jamali Jameela , Rajput Naseem Hyder , Ahmed Zuheeb , Ahmer Arslan 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Diclofenac potassium has widely been utilized as an analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent. To achieve rapid onset of action with prolonged therapeutic action is an immense need of time. In present project a study was conducted on preparation with physicochemical determination of diclofenac potassium tablets, this unique tablet have duel characteristics like rapid onset of action due to orodispersible coat and extended release of API due to sustained release core.
Methodology: As diclofenac potassium is not sensitive to water so wet granulation method was efficiently employed to prepare the granules of sustained release core, while direct compression was done to prepare orodispersible outer coat layer in order to give rapid release.
Results and Discussion: In evaluations granules characteristics and tablet properties were studied. Result of both pre compression and post compression studies were coming in pharmacopeia acceptable ranges. The orodispersible layer disintegrated with in 18sec, which gives sufficient amount of API as loading dose, in order to maintain the plasma drug concentration in therapeutic range the core will release drug in sustained manner within 10 hours in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) fluid (pH 6.8). The results of kinetic models were complying with Higuchi model.
Conclusion: In present work, a rapid release outer dispersible layer of drug was constructed on a sustained release core. Results of study gives expected outcomes to maintained initial concentration of drug which persist for long time. The combination of sodium starch glycolate, dry starch, and cross povidone exhibited promising super disintegrant efficiency while Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose K15 showed excellent sustained release properties.
Improving Knowledge of Lactation Compatibility of Antirheumatic Medications Among Providers Who Care for Patients With Rheumatic Disease
Authors: Mills Brooke S. , Bermas Bonnie L. 
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate and improve knowledge of lactation compatibility of medications commonly used to treat rheumatic diseases among rheumatology, obstetric, and newborn providers practicing at an academic safety net hospital.MethodsBaseline knowledge of rheumatic disease medication compatibility with lactation among 49 providers was obtained via a multiple‐choice questionnaire. Following initial evaluation, providers were given a rheumatic diseases and lactation information card. The questionnaire was readministered at the time of card distribution and 5 months later.ResultsAt baseline, more rheumatology providers correctly identified a higher number of lactation‐compatible and noncompatible medications than nonrheumatology providers (78% and 65% vs 31% and 46%, respectively; P < 0.0001). After the intervention, rheumatology providers correctly identified lactation‐compatible and noncompatible medications 98% and 100% of the time, compared with 78% and 65% of the time before the intervention (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001). This improvement was durable because rheumatology providers correctly identified lactation‐compatible and noncompatible medications 96% and 98% of the time 5 months following the initial intervention (P = 0.0021 and P < 0.0001). Nonrheumatology providers correctly identified lactation‐compatible and noncompatible medications 31% and 46% of the time before the intervention and 95% and 100% of the time after the intervention (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001).ConclusionRheumatology providers had better baseline knowledge than obstetric and newborn providers of the breastfeeding compatibility of medications used to treat rheumatic diseases. However, all providers had knowledge gaps. After a simple educational intervention, the knowledge gap was significantly narrowed in all provider groups. This improvement was durable because repeat testing of the rheumatology provider subset 5 months post intervention continued to show significant improvement.
Aiming for Personality: An Exercise of Continuous Improvisation
Authors: Samovich Lera 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLera Samovich describes the cooler appropriation of Postmodernism in the work of fala atelier, based in Porto, Portugal, of which she has been a member since 2014. While borrowing from and influenced by previous Postmodernisms, the practice's designs combine disparate formal tropes, materials and styles to create a less ironic, more sensible, less ornament‐dependent and more serious architecture.
Marni Sweaters and Rugby Shirts: Colour Blocking in Architecture
Authors: Bonner Jennifer 
Published: January 2021

AbstractArchitects are making colour fashionable again. This started slowly, but now the change is accelerating within the architectural profession. Jennifer Bonner, Associate Professor of Architecture at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design (GSD) and Founding Principal of MALL, illustrates this assertion with a collection of colourful examples and assesses their similarities and differences.
The Birth and Rebirth of a Movement: Charles Jencks's Postmodern Odyssey in AD
Authors: Parnell Stephen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractArchitect and architectural historian Stephen Parnell, from Newcastle University's School of Architecture, Planning and Landscape, charts the evolution of Postmodernism in architecture, the critical role of Charles Jencks in theorising and propagating it and the seminal place AD has in that history as the main publication that enabled its assimilation around the world.
#Architecturez: Rackz, Shackz and the Opportunities In Between
Authors: Barnes Mat 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMat Barnes is a director of London‐based architectural practice CAN. He believes ill‐conceived, expedient parts of cities – the bits that are unplanned and left to their own devices – are fecund breeding grounds for formal and material innovation. These are places of happy collisions of architectural elements that are ripe for further architectural insertions and experiments. Here he presents some of his practice's work in such contexts.
Screen's Domesticity: from the Postmodern House to Our House
Authors: Szacka Léa‐Catherine 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe ubiquity of telematics and media technologies has been highly accelerated in recent years and has changed us socially and domestically. New notions of augmented realities are being developed that suggest novel, communal yet individually decorated and populated ways to share living spaces for socialising, play and love. Léa‐Catherine Szacka, Senior Lecturer in Architectural Studies at the University of Manchester, looks at a few examples.
Enhancement of Wound Healing Efficacy by Increasing the Stability and Skin‐Penetrating Property of bFGF Using 30Kc19α‐Based Fusion Protein
Authors: Lee Haein , An Young‐Hyeon , Kim Tae Keun , Ryu Jina , Park G. Kate , Park Mihn Jeong , Ko Junghyeon , Kim Hyunbum , Choi Hak Soo , Hwang Nathaniel S. , Park Tai Hyun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe instability of recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a major disadvantage for its therapeutic use and means frequent applications to cells or tissues are required for sustained effects. Originating from silkworm hemolymph, 30Kc19α is a cell‐penetrating protein that also has protein stabilization properties. Herein, it is investigated whether fusing 30Kc19α to bFGF can enhance the stability and skin penetration properties of bFGF, which may consequently increase its therapeutic efficacy. The fusion of 30Kc19α to bFGF protein increases protein stability, as confirmed by ELISA. 30Kc19α‐bFGF also retains the biological activity of bFGF as it facilitates the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts and angiogenesis of endothelial cells. It is discovered that 30Kc19α can improve the transdermal delivery of a small molecular fluorophore through the skin of hairless mice. Importantly, it increases the accumulation of bFGF and further facilitates its translocation into the skin through follicular routes. Finally, when applied to a skin wound model in vivo, 30Kc19α‐bFGF penetrates the dermis layer effectively, which promotes cell proliferation, tissue granulation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Consequently, the findings suggest that 30Kc19α improves the therapeutic functionalities of bFGF, and would be useful as a protein stabilizer and/or a delivery vehicle in therapeutic applications.
Buried Interfaces in Halide Perovskite Photovoltaics
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Luo Deying , Xiang Yuren , Zhao Lichen , Anaya Miguel , Shen Yonglong , Wu Jiang , Yang Wenqiang , Chiang Yu‐Hsien , Tu Yongguang , Su Rui , Hu Qin , Yu Hongyu , Shao Guosheng , Huang Wei , Russell Thomas P. , Gong Qihuang , Stranks Samuel D. , Zhang Wei , Zhu Rui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the fundamental properties of buried interfaces in perovskite photovoltaics is of paramount importance to the enhancement of device efficiency and stability. Nevertheless, accessing buried interfaces poses a sizeable challenge because of their non‐exposed feature. Herein, the mystery of the buried interface in full device stacks is deciphered by combining advanced in situ spectroscopy techniques with a facile lift‐off strategy. By establishing the microstructure–property relations, the basic losses at the contact interfaces are systematically presented, and it is found that the buried interface losses induced by both the sub‐microscale extended imperfections and lead‐halide inhomogeneities are major roadblocks toward improvement of device performance. The losses can be considerably mitigated by the use of a passivation‐molecule‐assisted microstructural reconstruction, which unlocks the full potential for improving device performance. The findings open a new avenue to understanding performance losses and thus the design of new passivation strategies to remove imperfections at the top surfaces and buried interfaces of perovskite photovoltaics, resulting in substantial enhancement in device performance.
Cellular Pushing Forces during Mitosis Drive Mitotic Elongation in Collagen Gels
Authors: Nam Sungmin , Lin Yung‐Hao , Kim Taeyoon , Chaudhuri Ovijit 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCell elongation along the division axis, or mitotic elongation, mediates proper segregation of chromosomes and other intracellular materials, and is required for completion of cell division. In three‐dimensionally confining extracellular matrices, such as dense collagen gels, dividing cells must generate space to allow mitotic elongation to occur. In principle, cells can generate space for mitotic elongation during cell spreading, prior to mitosis, or via extracellular force generation or matrix degradation during mitosis. However, the processes by which cells drive mitotic elongation in collagen‐rich extracellular matrices remains unclear. Here, it is shown that single cancer cells generate substantial pushing forces on the surrounding collagen extracellular matrix to drive cell division in confining collagen gels and allow mitotic elongation to proceed. Neither cell spreading, prior to mitosis, nor matrix degradation, during spreading or mitotic elongation, are found to be required for mitotic elongation. Mechanistically, laser ablation studies, pharmacological inhibition studies, and computational modeling establish that pushing forces generated during mitosis in collagen gels arise from a combination of interpolar spindle elongation and cytokinetic ring contraction. These results reveal a fundamental mechanism mediating cell division in confining extracellular matrices, providing insight into how tumor cells are able to proliferate in dense collagen‐rich tissues.
Senescent Tumor Cells Build a Cytokine Shield in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Choi Yong Won , Kim Young Hwa , Oh Seung Yeop , Suh Kwang Wook , Kim Young‐Sam , Lee Ga‐Yeon , Yoon Jung Eun , Park Soon Sang , Lee Young‐Kyoung , Park Yoo Jung , Kim Hong Seok , Park So Hyun , Kim Jang‐Hee , Park Tae Jun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCellular senescence can either support or inhibit cancer progression. Here, it is shown that intratumoral infiltration of CD8+ T cells is negatively associated with the proportion of senescent tumor cells in colorectal cancer (CRC). Gene expression analysis reveals increased expression of C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) and colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) in senescent tumor cells. Senescent tumor cells inhibit CD8+ T cell infiltration by secreting a high concentration of CXCL12, which induces a loss of CXCR4 in T cells that result in impaired directional migration. CSF1 from senescent tumor cells enhance monocyte differentiation into M2 macrophages, which inhibit CD8+ T cell activation. Neutralization of CXCL12/CSF1 increases the effect of anti‐PD1 antibody in allograft tumors. Furthermore, inhibition of CXCL12 from senescent tumor cells enhances T cell infiltration and results in reducing the number and size of tumors in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced CRC. These findings suggest senescent tumor cells generate a cytokine barrier protecting nonsenescent tumor cells from immune attack and provide a new target for overcoming the immunotherapy resistance of CRC.
In Well‐Treated Celiac Patients Low‐Level Mucosal Inflammation Predicts Response to 14‐day Gluten Challenge
Authors: Stamnaes Jorunn , Stray Daniel , Stensland Maria , Sarna Vikas K. , Nyman Tuula A. , Lundin Knut E. A. , Sollid Ludvig M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn celiac disease (CeD), gluten activates adaptive immune cells that cause damage to the small intestinal mucosa. Histological evaluation of intestinal biopsies allows for grading of disease severity. CeD can effectively be treated with a life‐long gluten‐free diet. Gluten challenge of treated CeD patients is used to confirm diagnosis and to test drug efficacy in clinical trials, but patients respond with different magnitudes to the same gluten challenge. In this study of 19 well‐treated CeD patients, proteome analysis of total tissue or isolated epithelial cell compartment from formalin‐fixed paraffin embedded biopsies collected before and after 14‐day gluten challenge demonstrates that patients with strong mucosal response to challenge have signs of ongoing tissue inflammation already before challenge. This low‐level tissue inflammation at baseline is paralleled by increased gluten specific CD4+ T‐cell frequencies in the gut and presence of a low‐level blood inflammatory profile. Thus, apparently well‐treated CeD is frequently not entirely quiescent, with presence of low‐grade inflammation and antigluten immunity in the gut mucosa. Histology assessment alone appears insufficient to judge full recovery and gut mucosal healing of CeD patients. The findings raise a concern whether a seemingly proper gluten‐free diet is able to curb gut inflammation in all CeD patients.