bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients treated with tandem auto‐allogeneic stem cell transplant have better overall survival with similar outcomes at time of relapse compared to patients who received autologous transplant only
Authors: LeBlanc Richard , Claveau Jean‐Sébastien , Ahmad Imran , Delisle Jean‐Sébastien , Bambace Nadia , Bernard Léa , Cohen Sandra , Kiss Thomas , Lachance Silvy , Landais Séverine , Roy Denis Claude , Sauvageau Guy , Roy Jean 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term survival in patients progressing after tandem autologous‐allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) has been reported, suggesting a persistent graft‐vs‐myeloma (GvM) effect even after post‐transplant progression.MethodsIn order to confirm this observation, we updated the results of our previously published cohort of 92 newly diagnosed myeloma patients who received tandem transplant and compared them with 81 contemporary patients who received autologous transplant only.ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 13.1 and 10.2 years, respectively, median overall survival (OS) in the tandem group has not been reached, compared with 6.1 years after auto‐SCT (P ≤ .001). Disease progression occurred less frequently after tandem transplant, with an estimated 10‐year cumulative incidence of 49% vs 76% (P ≤ .001). Cumulative incidence of extensive chronic graft‐vs‐host disease (cGVHD) was high at 83%, with modest benefits on OS (60% vs 49%, P = .550) but sharp improvement of progression‐free survival (PFS; 55% vs 10%, P = .002) at 10 years associated with development of cGVHD. After first progression, median OS was 5.8 years in tandem and 5.2 years in the auto‐group (P = .062); median PFS was also similar.ConclusionDespite confirmation of better outcomes after upfront tandem transplant, our data do not support persistence of a strong, clinically significant graft‐vs‐myeloma effect after first progression, emphasizing the need to better characterize the GvM effect.
A retrospective cohort study exploring diltiazem as a pharmaco‐enhancer for tacrolimus, in a post–heart transplant setting
Authors: Lodha Abhijit R. , Pillai Ashwin , Sheth Kaushik , Hiremath Jagdish 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundA significant proportion of heart transplant–associated expenditure are attributable to immunosuppressants. Post‐transplant hypertension adds to the pill burden and subsequent costs. In this study, we describe the effect of diltiazem—the antihypertensive and pharmaco‐enhancer—on reducing the required oral dose of tacrolimus.MethodsWe included 17 recipients who had successfully undergone heart transplants but later developed post‐transplant hypertension and were treated with diltiazem. Serum trough levels of the immunosuppressant tacrolimus were measured every 2 weeks. Required doses before and after the introduction of diltiazem were compared. Patients were assessed at each follow‐up visit for any evidence of toxicity. Medication‐related expenditure was estimated based on government‐mandated standardized retail price.ResultsThe power of the study was 98.92% at α = 0.05. The mean tacrolimus dose required prior to initiation of diltiazem was 5.85 ± 1.55 mg. After initiating diltiazem, the mean required doses reduced to 2.88 ± 1.24 mg (p < .0001). Relatively, the required doses reduced by 52.4 ± 10.9%—independently of age, sex, and dose of diltiazem. Medication‐related monthly expenditure reduced by 50.3 ± 10.4%. No patient demonstrated evidence of toxicity.ConclusionsConcomitant use of diltiazem and tacrolimus can safely, effectively, and predictably reduce the required dose of tacrolimus and significantly reduce corresponding costs.
EWSR1‐SMAD3 rearranged fibroblastic tumor: Case series and review
Authors: Habeeb Omar , Korty Katelen E. , Azzato Elizabeth M. , Astbury Caroline , Farkas Daniel H. , Ko Jennifer S. , Billings Steven D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe report the largest series to date (N = 6) of EWSR1‐SMAD3 rearranged fibroblastic tumor. Initially described in 2018, the tumor features a marked female predominance (F:M, 5:1, mean age 44‐years, median age 45.5 years; range 27‐57), with most cases (5/6, 83%) arising in acral locations (4 on foot/toe, 1 on hand). One case presented on the lower extremity. The lesions presented as nodules and were composed of short, variably cellular, intersecting fascicles of uniform spindled cells in a collagenous to myxoid stroma. In four cases, the tumor abutted the epidermis without a grenz zone. In one case, there was an abrupt transition to a central, acellular hyalinized area. Two other cases had admixed smaller collagenous areas, reminiscent of collagen rosettes. One had a concentric arrangement of tumor cells around blood vessels. Mitotic activity was low (<1/10 HPFs). All were positive for ERG by immunohistochemistry and negative for CD34 (6/6). An EWSR1‐SMAD3 fusion was identified in three cases tested by next‐generation sequencing (3/3). Rearrangement of EWSR1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization was showed in 1/1 case. Our series reaffirms prior findings and expands the known histopathologic spectrum of this emerging entity.
Modelled distributions and conservation priorities of wild sorghums (Sorghum Moench)
Authors: Myrans Harry , Diaz Maria V. , Khoury Colin K. , Carver Daniel , Henry Robert J. , Gleadow Roslyn 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo fill knowledge gaps regarding the distributions, ecogeographic niches and conservation status of sorghum's wild relatives (Sorghum Moench).LocationThe study covered the potential native ranges of wild Sorghum taxa worldwide, including Australia, New Guinea, Asia, Africa and Central America.MethodsWe modelled the distributions of 23 wild Sorghum taxa, characterized their ecogeographic niches, assessed their conservation status both ex situ and in situ and performed preliminary threat assessments.ResultsThree taxa were categorized as “high priority” for further conservation based on their ex situ and in situ assessments, with a further 19 as “medium priority” and only one as “low priority”. The preliminary threat assessment indicated that 12 taxa may be Endangered, four Vulnerable and four Near Threatened. The taxa fill a wide range of climatic niches, both across and within taxa, including temperatures and precipitation.Main conclusionsTaxon richness hotspots, especially in northern Australia, represent hotspots for conservation action, including further seed collection and habitat protection, with Sorghum macrospermum E. D. Garber being the highest priority for increased in situ protection. Outside Australia, Sorghum propinquum (Kunth) Hitchc. stands out for further ex situ conservation, especially given its close relationship to the crop.
Nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy attending rehabilitation centers
Authors: Ruiz Brunner María de las Mercedes , Cieri Maria E , Rodriguez Marco Maria P , Schroeder A Sebastian , Cuestas Eduardo 
Published: September 2020

AimTo describe the nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy (CP) from rehabilitation and therapeutic centers in Argentina, and to analyze their risk of undernutrition based on their Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level.MethodThis was a cross‐sectional study with data collected from 321 children (196 males, 125 females) with CP age 2 to 19 years (mean age 9y 3mo, SD 4y 5mo) from 17 rehabilitation and therapeutic centers in five Argentine provinces. Nutritional status was defined by height, weight, and body mass index for age z‐scores using World Health Organization growth charts. Odds ratios were used to evaluate the association between GMFCS level and nutritional status.ResultsOf the children with CP studied, 52.4% were in GMFCS levels IV and V. Regarding the nutritional status, 41.7% were normal, 19.0% had moderate undernutrition, 33.9% severe undernutrition, 2.5% overweight, and 2.8% obese. When compared to those in GMFCS levels I to III, the odds of children in GMFCS levels IV and V having moderate undernutrition are four times greater and the odds of having severe undernutrition are 14 times greater.InterpretationThere is a high prevalence of undernutrition associated with CP (GMFCS levels IV and V) among children in rehabilitation and therapeutic centers in Argentina. Risk of severe undernutrition increases with increased motor compromises.What this paper adds

High prevalence of moderate and severe undernutrition among children with cerebral palsy was found.

Children attending Argentine rehabilitation and therapeutic centers are most commonly in levels IV and V of the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS).

Children classified in GMFCS levels IV and V demonstrate more risk of severe undernutrition.
Methodological quality of clinical guidelines for universal newborn hearing screening
Authors: Kamenov Kaloyan , Chadha Shelly 
Published: September 2020

AimTo review existing guidelines for universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS), identify those that provide comprehensive and clear recommendations on the subject, and provide a brief overview.MethodA scoping literature review was performed in PubMed, the Guidelines International Network library, and national guideline databases to identify guidelines on newborn hearing screening developed or updated between 2004 and 2019. The quality of the guidelines was checked with the Checklist for the Quality Assessment of Guidelines (AGREE II).ResultsSix guidelines met all the inclusion criteria. All six were based on the 1‐3‐6 benchmark (screening completed by 1mo, audiological diagnosis by 3mo, enrolment in early intervention by 6mo). However, the guidelines varied in terms of their recommendations for the application of screening methods, role of health professionals in the screening process, and quality. Based on the AGREE II score, flexibility, adaptability, and foundation role for all other guidelines, the 2019 guidelines of the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing position statement were identified as the most appropriate to be recommended for adaptation by countries or programmes.InterpretationThe diversity in the existing guidance can be confusing for countries and institutions that are planning to develop universal hearing screening programmes. As more countries and organizations develop their newborn hearing screening programmes, they will need examples to emulate. This review provides an evaluation of the quality, comprehensiveness, and applicability of existing clinical guidelines that can serve as a facilitator for countries, institutions, or organizations in their planning and implementation of a UNHS programme.
An in‐depth study of the larval head skeleton and the external feeding structures related with the ingestion of food particles by the eristaline flower flies Eristalis tenax and Eristalinus aeneus
Authors: Campoy Andrés , Aracil Andrea , Pérez‐Bañón Celeste , Rojo Santos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere is an important lack of knowledge regarding the mechanisms and morphology of the structures involved in the feeding process of the bee‐mimicking eristaline flower fly species (Diptera: Syrphidae). In order to look more deeply into their larval feeding biology, a morphological study of the head skeleton and the external feeding structures of the three larval instars of Eristalis tenax (L.) and Eristalinus aeneus (Scopoli), important pollinators and bioindicators of water quality, was carried out, using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Additionally, an analysis of the ingested particle size was conducted, using various pollen grains and fungal spores. The main differences, found between the third instars of both species, consisted of the more restrictive mandibular lobes of E. tenax, which prevent the ingestion of bigger particles, and a wider filtering area in the cibarium of E. aeneus, which increases the number of particles that can be retained and ingested. Eristalinus aeneus is able to ingest bigger particles (80–100 μm) than E. tenax (70–80 μm). These results suggest that the structures involved in the feeding process of E. aeneus are less restrictive, thus increasing its survival chances when, under artificial rearing conditions, the same medium is used for both species. This study may contribute to the improvement in artificial rearing for future studies on pollination and decomposition.
The hidden ageing costs of sperm competition
Authors: Lemaître Jean‐François , Gaillard Jean‐Michel , Ramm Steven A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAgeing and sexual selection are intimately linked. There is by now compelling evidence from studies performed across diverse organisms that males allocating resources to mating competition incur substantial physiological costs, ultimately increasing ageing. However, although insightful, we argue here that to date these studies cover only part of the relationship linking sexual selection and ageing. Crucially, allocation to traits important in post‐copulatory sexual selection, that is sperm competition, has been largely ignored. As we demonstrate, such allocation could potentially explain much diversity in male and female ageing patterns observed both within and among species. We first review how allocation to sperm competition traits such as sperm and seminal fluid production depends on the quality of resources available to males and can be associated with a wide range of deleterious effects affecting both somatic tissues and the germline, and thus modulate ageing in both survival and reproductive terms. We further hypothesise that common biological features such as plasticity, prudent sperm allocation and seasonality of ejaculate traits might have evolved as counter‐adaptations to limit the ageing costs of sperm competition. Finally, we discuss the implications of these emerging ageing costs of sperm competition for current research on the evolutionary ecology of ageing.
Digital Module 16: Longitudinal Data Analysis
Authors: Harring Jeffrey R. , Johnson Tessa L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Jeffrey Harring and Ms. Tessa Johnson introduce the linear mixed effects (LME) model as a flexible general framework for simultaneously modeling continuous repeated measures data with a scientifically defensible function that adequately summarizes both individual change as well as the average response. The module begins with a nontechnical overview of longitudinal data analyses drawing distinctions with cross‐sectional analyses in terms of research questions to be addressed. Nuances of longitudinal designs, timing of measurements, and the real possibility of missing data are then discussed. The three interconnected components of the LME model—(1) a model for individual and mean response profiles, (2) a model to characterize the covariation among the time‐specific residuals, and (3) a set of models that summarize the extent that individual coefficients vary—are discussed in the context of the set of activities comprising an analysis. Finally, they demonstrate how to estimate the linear mixed effects model within an open‐source environment (R). The digital module contains sample R code, diagnostic quiz questions, hands‐on activities in R, curated resources, and a glossary.
Digital Module 17: Data Visualizations: Effective Evidence‐Based Practices https://ncme.elevate.commpartners.com
Authors: Gregg Nikole , Leventhal Brian C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this digital ITEMS module, Nikole Gregg and Dr. Brian Leventhal discuss strategies to ensure data visualizations achieve graphical excellence. Data visualizations are commonly used by measurement professionals to communicate results to examinees, the public, educators, and other stakeholders. To do so effectively, it is important that these visualizations communicate data efficiently and accurately. These visualizations can achieve graphical excellence when they simultaneously display data effectively, efficiently, and accurately. Unfortunately, measurement and statistical software default graphics typically fail to uphold these standards and are therefore not suitable for publication or presentation to the public. To illustrate best practices, the instructors provide an introduction to the graphical template language in SAS and show how elementary components can be used to make efficient, effective, and accurate graphics for a variety of audiences. The module contains audio‐narrated slides, embedded illustrative videos, quiz questions with diagnostic feedback, a glossary, sample SAS code, and other learning resources.
Ideal vascular health and cognitive performance in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health
Authors: Suemoto C. K. , Szlejf C. , Santos I.S. , Brunoni A. R. , Goulart A.C. , Bertola L. , Bittencourt M. S. , Viana M. C. , Barreto S. M. , Lotufo P. A. , Bensenor I. M. 
Published: September 2020

Background and purposeMost evidence for the association between ideal vascular health (IVH) and cognitive performance comes from high income countries. The aim was to investigate this association in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health.MethodsCognition was assessed using the word list, verbal fluency and trail making tests. The IVH score included ideal metrics for body mass index, smoking, physical activity, diet, blood pressure, fasting glucose and total cholesterol. Poor, intermediate and optimal health were characterized in those presenting 0–2, 3–4, 5–7 ideal metrics, respectively. To determine the association between IVH score and cognitive performance, linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, race, alcohol use, depression and thyroid function were used.ResultsIn 12 271 participants, the mean age was 51.3 ± 8.9 years, 54% were women, 57% White and 53% had poor vascular health. Participants with intermediate (β = 0.064, 95% confidence interval 0.033; 0.096) and optimal health (β = 0.108, 95% confidence interval 0.052; 0.164) had better global cognitive Z‐scores. In addition, interactions of IVH score with age, education and race were found, suggesting a better cognitive performance with higher IVH in older adults, Black/Brown participants and those with lower levels of education.ConclusionIdeal vascular health was associated with better cognitive performance. Older, Black/Brown and low‐educated participants had better cognition in the presence of higher IVH scores.
COVID‐19 meningitis without pulmonary involvement with positive cerebrospinal fluid PCR
Authors: Khodamoradi Z. , Hosseini S. A. , Gholampoor Saadi M. H. , Mehrabi Z. , Sasani M. R. , Yaghoubi S. 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) typically presents with respiratory illness ranging in severity. Neurological complications of the disease remain largely unknown. Herein, we discuss the case of a woman diagnosed with COVID‐19 meningitis following two positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) RT‐PCR assays, and highlight the importance of recognizing the neurological manifestations of the disease.Case reportThe patient was a 49‐year‐old woman with a history of hypertension who presented with non‐specific symptoms (fever, headache, malaise, nausea/vomiting). Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a lack of pulmonary involvement and oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal RT‐PCR was negative for COVID‐19. A lumbar puncture was performed on the third day of admission and the CSF analysis elucidated a viral pattern, but the CSF bacterial culture and RT‐PCR assay for herpes simplex virus were both negative. Surprisingly, the CSF RT‐PCR for COVID‐19 was positive. The diagnosis of COVID‐19 meningitis was made and the patient was treated solely with Kaletra®, with a second CSF analysis confirming our unique finding 1 week later. The patient's clinical characteristics improved progressively, and she was discharged in excellent general condition after 21 days.ConclusionIn contrast to what was originally believed, the SARS‐CoV‐2 can cause meningitis in isolation, perhaps by crossing the blood‐brain barrier. Hence, it seems essential that physicians maintain a high index of suspicion for neurological involvement among COVID‐19 patients, with early CSF analysis and brain imaging sometimes being indicated.
A bibliometric analysis of European Financial Managementʼs first 25 years
Authors: Baker H. Kent , Kumar Satish , Pandey Nitesh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis bibliometric analysis recognizes European Financial Managementʼs (EFM) 25th anniversary. EFMʼs output and impact have grown considerably since 1994. Although EFM focuses on financial issues in Europe, US authors are now its most frequent contributors. Evidence suggests greater gender diversity and collaboration among EFM authors over time. Most EFM publications focus on the stock market and investor behavior, portfolio performance, risk and risk management, firm ownership and corporate governance, banking, and organizational performance. We also identify key attributes associated with EFMʼs citations such as article and title length, reference count, and lead female author.
Semantic segmentation and colorization of grayscale aerial imagery with W‐Net models
Authors: Dias Maria , Monteiro João , Estima Jacinto , Silva Joel , Martins Bruno 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe semantic segmentation of remotely sensed aerial imagery is nowadays an extensively explored task, concerned with determining, for each pixel in an input image, the most likely class label from a finite set of possible labels. Most previous work in the area has addressed the analysis of high‐resolution modern images, although the semantic segmentation of historical grayscale aerial photos can also have important applications. Examples include supporting the development of historical road maps, or the development of dasymetric disaggregation approaches leveraging historical building footprints. Following recent work in the area related to the use of fully‐convolutional neural networks for semantic segmentation, and specifically envisioning the segmentation of grayscale aerial imagery, we evaluated the performance of an adapted version of the W‐Net architecture, which has achieved very good results on other types of image segmentation tasks. Our W‐Net model is trained to simultaneously segment images and reconstruct, or predict, the colour of the input images from intermediate representations. Through experiments with distinct data sets frequently used in previous studies, we show that the proposed W‐Net architecture is quite effective in colouring and segmenting the input images. The proposed approach outperforms a baseline corresponding to the U‐Net model for the segmentation of both coloured and grayscale imagery, and it also outperforms some of the other recently proposed approaches when considering coloured imagery.
Complex Pythagorean Dombi fuzzy operators using aggregation operators and their decision‐making
Authors: Akram Muhammad , Khan Ayesha , Borumand Saeid Arsham 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA complex Pythagorean fuzzy set, an extension of Pythagorean fuzzy set, is a powerful tool to handle two dimension phenomenon. Dombi operators with operational parameters have outstanding flexibility. This article presents certain aggregation operators under complex Pythagorean fuzzy environment, including complex Pythagorean Dombi fuzzy weighted arithmetic averaging (CPDFWAA) operator, complex Pythagorean Dombi fuzzy weighted geometric averaging (CPDFWGA) operator, complex Pythagorean Dombi fuzzy ordered weighted arithmetic averaging (CPDFOWAA) operator and complex Pythagorean Dombi fuzzy ordered weighted geometric averaging (CPDFOWGA) operator. Moreover, this paper explores some fundamental properties of these operators with appropriate elaboration. A decision‐making numerical example related to the selection of bank to purchase loan is given to demonstrate the significance of our proposed approach. Finally, a comparative analysis with existing operators is given to demonstrate the peculiarity of our proposed operators.