bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computational studies of biologically active alkaloids of plant origin: an overview
Authors: Bilonda Mireille K. , Mammino Liliana 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Computational studies nowadays constitute a crucial source of information for drug development, because they provide information on many molecular properties and also enable predictions of the properties of not-yet-synthesized compounds. Alkaloids are a vast group of natural products exhibiting a variety of biological activities, many of which are interesting for drug development. On the other hand, computational studies of biologically active alkaloids have so far mostly focused on few particularly relevant or “popular” molecules, such as quinine, caffeine, or cocaine, with only few works on the other molecules. The present work offers an overview of existing computational studies on alkaloid molecules, from the earliest ones to the most recent, and considering all the theoretical approaches with which studies have been performed (both quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics). The considered studies are grouped according to their objectives and outcomes, such as conformational analysis of alkaloid molecules, effects of selected solvents on their properties, docking studies aimed at better understanding of the interactions between alkaloid molecules and biological targets, studies focusing on structure activity relationships, and computational studies performed to confirm experimental results. It is concluded that it would be important that computational studies on many other alkaloid molecules are performed and their results made available, covering their different classes as well as the variety of their biological activities, to attain better understanding of the properties not only of individual molecules, but also of groups of related molecules and of the overall alkaloids family.
Today's Market Needs Modernized Property Appraisers
Authors: Źróbek Sabina , Kucharska-Stasiak Ewa , Renigier-Biłozor Małgorzata 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article identifies and provides a synthetic overview of various concepts relating to the evolution of the real estate market and property valuation. According to the authors, the processes observed on the real estate market necessitate changes in training programs for property valuers. Real estate appraisers should be able to cope with new consumer expectations and requirements, and they should be well versed in modern technological solutions and analytical tools. The study indicates that, in order to face the challenges of the modern world, the appraisal profession should undergo a paradigm shift to embrace the fact that real estate is a commodity and that globalization is inevitable on the real estate market. Due to the high value of urban areas, a modern specialist determining the value of real estate is particularly needed there. Property valuers should develop new analytical skills, and they should rely on modern data processing tools to collect and process information. Additionally, recent events, including the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrate that property appraisers should be better prepared for dealing with unprecedented circumstances. The training curricula proposed in this article should increase property valuers’ competencies and effectively support real estate market entities and sustainable urban development.
Verhindertes Erzählen*
Authors: von Stein Juana Christina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The small oeuvre of Juan Rulfo has triggered myriad interpretations, ranging from a view of the texts as great examples of Latin American magical realism, to a classification of the works as the endpoint of revolutionary literature. The following article investigates the unconventional narrative structure of Rulfo’s texts, which enabled this heterogeneous reception. As will be shown primarily in a close examination of Rulfo’s most famous short story “Luvina”, the Mexican writer’s dominant technique can be described as a continuous combination of ellipsis and recurrence.
A tentative analysis of legal terminology diachronic changes and the problem of communication effectiveness in legal settings
Authors: Matulewska Aleksandra , Trzaskawka Paula 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present the diachronic changes taking place in legal languages and discuss whether the translators, who for some reason use as an equivalent an obsolete term, may produce a target text which is communicatively ineffective. The research methods applied encompass: the parametric approach to the interlingual comparison of legal terminology for translation purposes, the analysis of pertinent literature on translation and translation errors, the analysis of comparable texts for the purpose of observing diachronic changes in terminology. The diachronic change in terminology most frequently is the result of the amendments of legislation or repealing one act and replacing it with a new one. The terminological changes are especially frequent when the change in the political system occurs and the need appears to adjust the legal system to the new political ideology and principles. For that reason, the authors have analysed in detail three Polish acts on copyright enacted under three different political regimes that is to say (i) after the First World War when Poland regained independence after 123 years of occupation (Act of 29 March 1926 on Copyrights [Ustawa z dnia 29 marca 1926 r. o prawie autorskiem]), (ii) under the communist rule in Poland that lasted from 1945 until 1989 (Act of 10 July 1952 on Copyrights [Ustawa z dnia 10 lipca 1952 r. o prawie autorskim]), and finally (iii) after the collapse of communism in Poland and the period of transition into the democratic and free market society (Act on Copyrights and Related Rights of 4 February 1994 [Ustawa o prawie autorskim i prawach pokrewnych z dnia 4 lutego 1994 roku]). Apart from the main Polish corpus of above-mentioned acts, the authors have also provided examples from some other languages to confirm that the diachronic changes take place everywhere and miscommunication problems resulting from using an obsolete term in translation may occur in any pair of languages. In the last part of the paper the problem of the scale of miscommunication resulting from the usage of obsolete terminology in the target text is discussed.
Comparison of incidence of oculocardiac reflex between hang-back and conventional rectus recession in horizontal strabismus surgery
Authors: Maurya Rajendra P , Roy Meghna , Singh Virendra P , Singh Mahendra K , Loha Sandeep 
Published: December 2020

To compare the incidence of oculocardiac reflex(OCR) between hang-back and conventional method of rectus muscle recession in horizontal strabismus.In this prospective, randomized, double blind study, 40 consecutive patients of horizontal strabismus were evaluated. The patients were randomized into two groups based on the type of surgical recession technique employed for squint correction. Twenty patients were operated by Hang-back technique (group-1) and 20 by conventional rectus muscle recession where the muscle tendon was sutured directly to the globe (group-2). All patients underwent pre-operative evaluation which included refraction, keratometry and assessment of angle of deviation etc. ECG was monitored before surgery. During surgery heart rate (HR) was recorded as heart rate baseline (HRB), after 5 minutes of intubation (HR5), during muscle traction (HRT), Minimum heart rate during traction of muscle (HRMin), Maximum increase in heart rate (HRMax). OCR was defined as &#62; 20% reduction in HR during muscle traction as compared to baseline HR. Out of total 40 patients 17(42.50%) were having exotropia and 23 (57.50%) had esotropia. The overall incidence of OCR in conventional recession was found to be greater than that in hang-back recession. The mean baseline HR was 72.00± 7.391 beat/min in conventional recession group and 77.55± 7.494 beat/min in hang-back recession group. The mean HR reduction in conventional procedure was 56.05± 8.787 beat/min. and that in hang-back procedure 61.80 ± 9.317 beat/min., which was statistically significant (p&#60;0.01). This was probably attributed to the shorter duration of surgery and lesser manipulation during surgery in hang-back as compared to conventional procedure. OCR is a common complication encountered during manipulation of muscle during strabismus surgery. Hang-back recession is a safe and effective method of muscle recession as it offers a shorter surgical time and better exposure along with lesser incidence of OCR with similar success rates when compared to conventional muscle recession.
Study of accuracy of axial length measurements by two biometric methods with reference to post operative spherical equivalents in patients undergoing phacoemulsification
Authors: Patil Sakshi R , Mandlik Hanumant R , Joshi Ajit K , Tripathi Abhishek Kumar , Divya N Sai 
Published: December 2020

Cataract surgery demands refractive accuracy. To achieve this, accurate biometry is required. So two biometry methods should be compared for accuracy. To compare accuracy of immersion USG and optical biometry with reference to AXL measurement and postphaco refraction. Prospective study was done involving 60 eyes of 60 patients undergoing phaco with foldable IOL implantation under LA. Biometry of Group A was done by immersion USG and that of group B was done by optical biometry (30 patients in each group). Detailed preop examination was done. Calculations of IOL power in all patients were done by using SRK/T formula. At 1 month f/up, spherical equivalent was noted. Using regression formula, emmetropic IOL powers and their differences with implanted IOL powers were calculated. Statistical analysis was done using unpaired t test. : Mean AXL in group B (23.2157 mm) was slightly longer than that in group A (23.2093 mm), {P=0.9754}. Mean spherical equivalent at 1 month f/up in group B (0.4583) was slightly lesser than that in group A (0.4625),{P=0.973}. Mean of differences between emmetropic IOL and actual IOL implanted was lesser in group B(0.6877), than that in group A(0.6932), {P=0.9762}.Difference in mean AXL and mean postop spherical equivalent between two methods of biometry were not statistically significant. Immersion USG biometry has accuracy comparable to optical biometry.
A rare case of oguchi disease exhibiting the classic Mizuo-Nakamura phenomenon
Authors: Balakrishna Nischala , Tasneem Alhaj F , Nayak Vittal I , Narayanaswamy Nagalakshmi , Nastain Sara 
Published: December 2020

Oguchi disease also called congenital stationary night blindness is an autosomal recessive genetic condition first identified in Japan with a few cases reported in other countries like Europe, America, India and Pakistan. We report one such case exhibiting the Mizuo-Nakamura phenomenon with a reduced amplitude on the b-wave of the rod electroretinogram advocating this diagnosis. A 40-year-old man presented with complaints of non-progressive decrease in vision as the day progressed for 6 months with normal vision during the day in both eyes. There was no history of trauma or any other ocular or systemic disease. His parents had a second-degree consanguineous marriage and his father experienced similar symptoms. Visual acuity for distance was 6/6 and N6 for near in both eyes. His anterior segment and posterior segments were normal. When the patient was put to dark adaptation for 3 hours, there was a change in his fundus background colour from grey to red (Mizuo-Nakamura phenomenon). The b-wave amplitude was decreased on the rod electroretinogram. The cone electroretinogram on the other hand was normal. All this was confirmed by his genetic study which favoured this diagnosis.This disease presents with features similar to retinitis pigmentosa in terms of mutations in the SAG gene This highlights the importance of the Mizou-Nakamura phenomenon in formulating a confirmatory diagnosis and treatment protocol.
Pistas e indícios: uma investigação sobre o processo de aquisição mobiliar da escola primária (1884-1894)
Authors: Garcia Gecia Aline , Souza Gizele de 
Published: December 2020

Na esteira do paradigma indiciário de Carlo Ginzburg (1989), encontramos nas pistas e nos pormenores uma forma de interpretar e investigar a escola primária paranaense do século XIX. Por esta razão, este artigo tem como objetivo entender como ocorreu o processo de aquisição de móveis escolares para a escola primária paranaense. A empiria documental corresponde a artigos de jornais, leis, decretos e regulamentos da legislação escolar, cartas e iconografia, bem como relatórios e ofícios de professores, inspetores e presidentes da província do Paraná que estiveram presentes na troca de correspondência governamental no século XIX. Como resultados, percebemos que existiram diferentes modos de ser da escola primária durante o século XIX, o que culminou em formas distintas de supri-la materialmente.Palavras-chave: Cultura material escolar. Móveis escolares. Instrução primária paranaense.Clues and indications: research on the process of acquiring furniture in the primary school (1884 - 1894)ABSTRACTIn the wake of Carlo Ginzburg's (1989) indicative paradigm, we find in the clues and details a way of interpreting and investigating the 19th-century primary school of Paraná. For this reason, this article aims to understand how the process of buying school furniture for the primary school of Paraná took place. The documentary empiricism corresponds to newspaper articles, laws, decrees and regulations of school legislation, letters and iconography, as well as reports and letters from teachers, inspectors, and presidents of the province of Paraná, who were present in the exchange of government correspondence in the 19th century. As a result, we realize that there were different ways of being of the primary school during the 19th century, which culminated in different ways of supplying it materially.Keywords: School material culture. School furniture. Primary education in Paraná.Pistas e indicaciones: una investigación sobre el proceso de adquisición de mobiliario en la escuela primaria (1884 - 1894)RESUMENSiguiendo el paradigma indicativo de Carlo Ginzburg (1989), encontramos en las pistas y detalles una forma de interpretar e investigar la escuela primaria del siglo XIX en Paraná. Por esta razón, este artículo tiene como objetivo entender cómo se produjo el proceso de adquisición de mobiliario escolar para la escuela primaria de Paraná. El empirismo documental corresponde a artículos periodísticos, leyes, decretos y reglamentos de legislación escolar, cartas e iconografía, así como informes y cartas de maestros, inspectores y presidentes de la provincia de Paraná, que estuvieron presentes en el intercambio de correspondencia gubernamental en el siglo XIX. Como resultado, notamos que hubo diferentes modos de ser de la escuela primaria durante el siglo XIX, lo que culminó en distintas formas de suplirla materialmente.Palabras clave: Cultura material escolar. Mobiliario escolar. Educación primaria de Paraná.
Impactos da Covid-19 em Olinda (PE): notas etnográficas sobre pessoas com suspeita de contaminação
Authors: BRITO GABRIEL FERREIRA DE 
Published: December 2020

RESUMOO objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma reflexão sobre a experiência de moradores e moradoras do bairro de Ouro Preto (PE) que estão lidando com a suspeita de contaminação pela Covid-19 no que tocam os diagnósticos, a prevenção e o tratamento da doença. A partir da etnografia com ênfase online, mas também a partir da observação participante, foram selecionados quatro casos diferentes para esse estudo de caso. O aporte teórico parte do pragmatismo de William James e da antropologia de Bruno Latour em diálogo com a antropologia de epidemias e da biossegurança. Os resultados encontrados indicam que a sintomatologia só é eficiente e consensual quando dentro das instituições científicas e de suas redes, mas que fora delas, os agentes se encontram em um ambiente de incertezas e dúvidas, recorrendo, às vezes por medo ou conveniência, a outras alternativas para o autodiagnóstico.Palavras-chave: Covid-19. Etnografia-online. Experiência. Ouro Preto. Sintomatologia. Impacts of Covid-19 in Olinda (PE): ethnographic notes on people whith suspect of contaminationABSTRACTThe objective of this article is to present a reflection on the experience of residents of the neighborhood of Ouro Preto (PE) who are dealing with the suspicion of contamination by Covid-19 in what concerns diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of the disease. From the ethnography with online emphasis, but also from the participant observation, four different cases were selected for this case study. The theoretical contribution is based on the pragmatism of William James and the anthropology of Bruno Latour in dialogue with the anthropology of epidemics and biosecurity. The results found indicate that symptomatology is only efficient and consensual when within scientific institutions and their networks, although outside them agents find themselves in an environment of uncertainties and doubts, sometimes resorting to other alternatives for self-diagnosis, out of fear or convenience.Keywords: Covid-19. Online-Ethnography. Experience. Ouro-Preto. Sintomaptology.
E-Cigarette Use and Adult Cigarette Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Richard J. , Bhadriraju Sudhamayi , Glantz Stanton A. 
Published: December 2020

Objectives. To determine the association between e-cigarette use and smoking cessation. Methods. We searched PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, and EMBASE and computed the association of e-cigarette use with quitting cigarettes using random effects meta-analyses. Results. We identified 64 papers (55 observational studies and 9 randomized clinical trials [RCTs]). In observational studies of all adult smokers (odds ratio [OR] = 0.947; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.772, 1.160) and smokers motivated to quit smoking (OR = 0.851; 95% CI = 0.684, 1.057), e-cigarette consumer product use was not associated with quitting. Daily e-cigarette use was associated with more quitting (OR = 1.529; 95% CI = 1.158, 2.019) and less-than-daily use was associated with less quitting (OR = 0.514; 95% CI = 0.402, 0.665). The RCTs that compared quitting among smokers who were provided e-cigarettes to smokers with conventional therapy found e-cigarette use was associated with more quitting (relative risk = 1.555; 95% CI = 1.173, 2.061). Conclusions. As consumer products, in observational studies, e-cigarettes were not associated with increased smoking cessation in the adult population. In RCTs, provision of free e-cigarettes as a therapeutic intervention was associated with increased smoking cessation. Public Health Implications. E-cigarettes should not be approved as consumer products but may warrant consideration as a prescription therapy.
Light-triggered hydrogen production from anhydrous alkaline methanol on a multi-layer device
Authors: Wang Yiou , Yao En-Ping , Stolarczyk Jacek , Feldmann Jochen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hydrogen production from methanol has attracted substantial interest because of the clean combustion of hydrogen and the convenience of methanol in storage and transportation. However, it requires high-temperature and high-pressure conditions to reform methanol with water to hydrogen with high turnover frequency (TOF, e.g. 104 moles of hydrogen per mole of Pt per hour). Here we show that hydrogen can be produced from anhydrous alkaline methanol with a remarkable TOF of 1.8×106 moles of hydrogen per mole of Pt per hour on a light-triggered multi-layer system under mild conditions. The performance is attributed to the use of anhydrous methanol as both the proton source and the hole scavenger in alkaline conditions. In contrast to a slurry system, we show that the proposed multi-layer system avoids particle aggregation, and it leads to the effective utilization of methanol, light and Pt active sites. This notable performance steps forward to the practical light-triggered hydrogen generation.
Combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C enhanced therapeutic efficacy in HER2 positive tumor model
Authors: Vinod Nagarajan , Kim Jae , Choi Seungbum , Lim Ilhan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lanatoside C has a promising anti-tumor activity and is a potential candidate for radiosensitizers. In this study, we have investigated the therapeutic efficacy of the combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C for inhibition of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive tumor progression in NCI-N87 xenograft model. The combination treatment (131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C) showed highest cytotoxicity when compared to non-treated control or trastuzumab alone or 131I alone or 131I-trastuzumab alone in vitro. Biodistribution studies using 131I-trastuzumab or combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C showed tumor uptake in BALB/c nude mice bearing HER2 positive NCI-N87 tumor xenograft model. The higher tumor uptake was observed in 131I-trastuzumab (19.40±0.04% ID/g) than in the combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C (14.02±0.02% ID/g) at 24 hours post-injection. Most importantly, an antitumor effect was observed in mice that received the combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C (p=0.009) when compared to control. In addition, mice received lanatoside C alone (p=0.085) or 131I-trastuzumab alone (p=0.160) did not significantly inhibit tumor progression compared with control. Taken together, our data suggest that combination of 131I-trastuzumab and lanatoside C might be a potential synergistic treatment for radioimmunotherapy to control the HER2 positive tumor.
Psychological impact of COVID-19 amongst pregnant women in Conakry, Guinea. A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Touré Almamy , Diallo Abdourahamane , Magassouba Aboubacar , Doumbouya Abdoulaye , Conté Ibrahima , Camara Gnoume , Diallo Aïssatou , Diallo Mamadou , Ateib Abdelkader , Cissé Abdourahim , Diallo Asmaou , Beavogui Abdoul 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction Pregnancy, apart from any external events, is subject to psychological changes. The COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea led to the implementation of restrictive measures followed by the mitigating ones, but few of them have targeted stress and anxiety management in pregnant women. This study aimed to assess the psychological impact and its associated factors in pregnant women. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in three health centres in Conakry capital city. Pregnant women were interviewed during antenatal care visits. We used two tools for stress and anxiety assessment: Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), and followed three steps to seeking for factors associated with stress and anxiety: univariate analysis, regression tree (CART), and logistic regression. Results We surveyed a total of 649 pregnant women. Most of them presented a state of stress (97.7%) and anxiety (52.7%). Gestational age was the main factor associated with stress and anxiety. Pregnant women with a gestational age ≤ 34 weeks had an odd of 0.09 times lower of being stressed compared to those with a gestational age greater than 34 weeks. Pregnant women living in Ratoma and Kaloum with a gestational age was ≤ 9 weeks had an odds of 15.1 times [95% CI: 8.76, 27.4] higher of being worried compared to those from Matoto, Matam and Dixinn with a gestational age greater than 9 weeks. Similarly, pregnant women living in Matoto, Matam and Dixinn with a gestational age ≤ 9 weeks had an odds of 4.48 times [95% CI: 2.59, 8.12] higher of being worried compared to other women from the same localities. Conclusion Most of our participants were at a higher risk of stress and anxiety caused by COVID-19; women in their earlier stage of pregnancy tended to be more vulnerable to these psychological problems. Therefore, it is vital to implement an appropriate management plan which should prioritise those vulnerable pregnant women.