bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Five-immune Gene Pair Signature in Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Li Nan , Yu Kai , Lin Zhong , Zeng Dingyuan 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy
worldwide. Immunity is closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of EC. At the same time,
immune-related genes have great potential as prognostic markers in many types of cancer.

Objective:
Therefore, we attempt to develop immune-related gene markers to enhance prognosis
prediction of EC.

Methods:
542 samples of EC gene expression data and clinical follow-up information were
downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The samples were randomly divided into
two groups, one group as a training set (N=271), and one set as a validation set. (N=271). In the
training set, the gene pairs were established based on the relative expression levels of 271 immune
genes, and the prognosis-related gene pairs were screened. The lasso was used to select the
features, and finally, the robust biomarkers were screened. Finally, the prognostic model of the
immune gene pair was established and verified by the validation data set.

Results:
10030 immune gene pair (IRGPs) were obtained, and univariate survival analysis was
used to identify 1809 prognostic-related IRGPs (p<0.05). 5-IRGPs were obtained by lasso
regression feature selection, and multivariate regression was used to establish 5-IRGPs signature,
5-IRGPs signature is an independent prognostic factor for EC patients, and could be risk stratified
in patients with TCGA datasets, age, ethnicity, stage, and histological classification (p#60;0.05). The
mean AUC of survival in both the training set and the validation set was greater than 0.7,
indicating that 5-IRGPs signature has superior classification performance in patients with EC. In
addition, 5-IRGPs have the highest average C index (0.795) compared to the prognostic
characteristics of the three endometrial cancers reported in the past and Stage and Age.

Conclusion:
This study constructed a 5-IRGPs signature as a novel prognostic marker for
predicting survival in patients with EC.
Dietary Antioxidants Significantly Reduced Phorbol Myristate Acetate Induced Oxidative Stress of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Chetia Purbajit , Khandelwal Bidita , Haldar Pallab Kanti , Bala Asis 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease responsible for maximum
human morbidity in modern life, whereas oxidative stress is the ultimate potential biomarker
for determining disease activity in patients with RA.

Objective:
The present study scientifically validated the effectiveness of antioxidants commonly
present in different food supplements to neutralize the free radicals mediated oxidative stress in isolated
peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes (PBML) of patients with RA.

Methods:
The study population included patients with Rheumatoid arthritis, RA (n =15), who fulfilled
the American College of Rheumatology criteria for RA. Peripheral blood was collected, and
isolated mononuclear lymphocyte cells (PBML) were pretreated with phorbol myristate acetate
(PMS) and furthermore, incubated with different concentrations of Naringenin, β carotene and Nacetyl
cysteine (NAC) in an ex vivo condition. The resultant cell lysate was used for further studies
for the determination of other oxidative biomarkers. The increase of superoxide and nitric oxide
production was observed when PBML was treated PMS.

Results:
Importantly, the increased oxidative stress was effectively decreased by the selected plantderived
compounds β-carotene and naringenin.

Conclusion:
The study scientifically evaluated the efficacy of the molecules validated by one-way
ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test of significance. Collectively, our results indicate that
both β carotene and naringenin may be a promising non-toxic food supplement in attenuating the
oxidative stress associated pathology in RA, meriting further pharmacological studies on other inflammatory
cells like neutrophils.
X-Ray Versus Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis: A Clinical Comparison
Authors: Gariani Karim , Lebowitz Dan , Kressmann Benjamin , Gariani Joanna , Uçkay Ilker 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
Radiographic imaging is an important diagnostic tool in diabetic foot osteomyelitis
(DFO). It is unknown whether DFO cases diagnosed with conventional X-ray versus positive Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI) differ regarding epidemiology and treatment outcome. Theoretically,
signs of inflammation on MRI without bone lesions might be easier to treat.

Methods:
Our clinical pathway for diabetic foot infections discourages the use of MRI for the diagnosis
of DFO. We compared the epidemiology and therapy of non-amputated DFO with positive features on
conventional X-ray, MRI, or both. Radiology specialists interpreted the images. The intraoperative aspect
of bone during amputation and the results of bone cultures were considered the gold standard for
DFO diagnosis.

Results:
We prospectively followed 390 DFO episodes in 186 adult patients for a median of 2.9 years
and performed 318 conventional X-rays (median costs 100 Swiss Francs; 100 US$) and 47 (47/390;
12%) MRI scans (median 800 Swiss Francs; 800 US $). Among them, 18 episodes were associated with
positive MRI findings but lacked bone lesions on X-ray. After debridement, the median duration of systemic
antibiotics was 28 days for MRI-only episodes and 30 days for X-ray-positive cases (Wilcoxonranksum-
test; p=0.26). The corresponding median numbers of surgical debridements were 1 and 1; and
recurrence was witnessed in 25% and 28%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis,
MRI-only episodes did not alter the remission rate (odds ratio 0.5, 95%CI 0.1-5.2).

Conclusions:
According to our clinical pathway, DFO episodes with positive MRI findings only did not
differ epidemiologically from the remaining DFO cases and did not influence the choice of therapy nor
remission rate.
Photocatalytic Inactivation of Bioaerosols: A Short Review on Emerging Technologies
Authors: Riaz Nadia , Khan Muhammad Saqib , Bilal Muhammad , Ullah Sami , Al‐Sehemi Abdullah G. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Formation of the microbial colonies in the wet and damp environment
affects the indoor air quality thus posing severe threats to human health. Health problems or Building-
associated illness (any disease or infection) caused by being in a closed space or building are
generally separated into two categories including building-related illness (BRI) and sick building
syndrome (SBS). Considered by Pathognomy research, that biological pollutants or bioaerosols (bacteria,
fungi and viruses like coronavirus), are the significant inducement for “sick building syndrome
(SBS)” associated with a group of mucosal, skin, and general symptoms, characterized by tiredness;
headaches; irritation of skin, nose, eyes, throat and mucous membranes, most prevalent in buildings
like residential and occupational like offices, schools, hotels and hospitals.

Methods:
Currently outdoor air purging, UV light activated air filters, chemical treatment like ozonation
and oxidation, are used for the improvement of indoor air quality but these treatment techniques
not only produce secondary biological pollutants but are also costly and not effective for a variety of
microorganisms. In recent years, nanomaterials in the area of heterogeneous photocatalysis have
gained much attention because of their enhanced physicochemical properties including particle size,
surface area, dopant dispersion and interaction with the support (Titanium).

Results:
Heterogeneous photocatalysis systems have been reported to produce self-cleaning materials
and to solve a range of environmental problems like air and water detoxification. Among various
heterogeneous photocatalysts, TiO2 gained much attention due to its non-toxic nature, high stability,
excellent photocatalytic ability, self-cleaning and antibacterial properties and most of all low cost and
commercial availability. It is among the basic materials being used in various commercial products
like as white pigment in paints for building coating. The antibacterial properties are associated with
the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of a light source.

Conclusion:
Some of the reported TiO2 nanomaterials-based air-filters and building coatings are reported
with the major drawbacks like lower surface area, inactivation in the absence of light (dark)
and activation only under UV light irradiation. Thus, the requirement for cost effective, safer and energy
efficient materials is the need of the day.
Potato Starch-sodium Alginate-Zr (IV) Phosphate Bio-nanocomposite Ion
Exchanger: Synthesis, Characterization and Environmental Application
Authors: War Jahangir Ahmad , Chisti Hamida- Tun-Nisa 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The introduction of inorganic fillers into the polymer matrix (with multiplicity in functionalization)
augments the specific properties of such materials. One such method employed here, which is environmental friendly and
facile is the sol-gel synthesis

Objective:
The nanocomposite synthesized by the above mentioned method was primarily utilized for ion-exchange
applications in general and cation exchange in particular. The ZrP based nanocomposite (PS/AG/ZrP) has been examined
(as a photocatalyst) for the elimination of toxic cationic dye, methylene blue (Mb) from the wastewater by the mechanism
of photodegradation. This study provides the experimental evidence and discussion of the different physicochemical
characteristics of the synthesized nanocomposite

Method:
Herein, we synthesized zirconium phosphate (ZrP)-linked-potato starch/sodium alginate nanocomposite ion
exchanger (PS/AG/ZrP) employing facile sol-gel method. Highly sophisticated techniques like FTIR, TGA, SEM, TEM,
XRD & UV-Vis were subjected to characterize the PS/AG/ZrP nanocomposite

Results:
The ion exchange (IE) results show that the nanocomposite ion exchanger (PS/AG/ZrP-6) exhibited higher IEC
(2.1meq/g) and thermal stability as conferred from IEC and TGA studies. Using UV-Vis irradiation, photocatalytic results
revealed that 74.5% of Mb dye was degraded by novel nanocomposite (PS/AG/ZrP) within 50 minutes.

Conclusion:
The results discussed reveal that the nanocomposite (PS/AG/ZrP-6) is a potential candidate for ion exchange
applications vis-à-vis a photocatalyst for the remediation of wastewater as the time demands. The nanocomposite
(PS/AG/ZrP-6) successfully characterized through various techniques and utilized as a potential ion exchanger and a
photocatalyst for the dye degradation (MB) under UV-Vis irradiation
Identification of KEY lncRNAs and mRNAs Associated with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression
Authors: Li Ju , Zhang Congcong , Shi Yang , Li Qing , Li Na , Mi Yong 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been the sixth most common
cancer worldwide. Emerging studies showed long non-coding RNAs to play a key role in human
cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of OSCC
remained to be further explored.

Objective:
The present study aimed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in
OSCC.

Methods:
GSE30784 was analyzed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in
OSCC. Protein-protein interaction network and co-expression network analyses were performed to
reveal the potential roles of OSCC related mRNAs and lncRNAs.

Results:
In the present study, we identified 21 up-regulated lncRNAs and 54 down-regulated
lncRNAs in OSCC progression. Next, we constructed a lncRNA related co-expression network in
OSCC, which included 692 mRNAs and 2193 edges. Bioinformatics analysis showed that
lncRNAs were widely co-expressed with regulating type I interferon signaling pathway,
extracellular matrix organization, collagen catabolic process, immune response, ECM-receptor
interaction, Focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. A key network, including lncRNA
C5orf66-AS1, C21orf15, LOC100506098, PCBP1-AS1, LOC284825, OR7E14P, HCG22, and
FLG-AS1, was found to be involved in the regulation of immune response to tumor cell, Golgi
calcium ion transport, negative regulation of vitamin D receptor signaling pathway, and glycerol-
3-phosphate catabolic process. Moreover, we found higher expressions of CYP4F29P, PCBP1-
AS1, HCG22, and C5orf66-AS1, which were associated with shorter overall survival time in
OSCC samples.

Conclusions:
Our analysis can provide novel insights to explore the potential mechanisms
underlying OSCC progression.
Application of Chemometrics-assisted HPLC-DAD Strategies for Simultaneous Determination of Paracetamol, Pseudoephedrine HCl, Dextromethorphan HBr, Doxylamine Succinate and Saccharin in Syrup Formulation
Authors: Dinç-Zor Şule , Dönmez Özlem Aksu , Bozdoğan Abdürrezzak E. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:This study introduces an effective strategy, which combines high performance
liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) with multivariate calibration
methods for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PAR), pseudoephedrine HCl (PSE), dextromethorphan
HBr (DEX) and doxylamine succinate (DOX) along with sweetener saccharin (SAC) in
syrup formulation.

Methods: PLS-2 and PCR calibration algorithms were selected for data processing. Based on the strategy,
all target analytes were rapidly quantified within 5.3 min under the simple isocratic elution (water:
methanol, 20/80, v/v) without a complete separation. The performances of the proposed methods were
confirmed by analyzing a series of synthetic solutions including different concentrations of analytes.

Results:The average recovery values were in the range of 100.33 to 103.70%, and the REP (relative
error of prediction) values ranged from 1.96 to 4.36% showed that these methods could provide satisfactory
predictions.

Conclusion:Novel HPLC methods coupled with PLS and PCR algorithm enable a simple, fast and
low-cost analysis of similar pharmaceutical products for simultaneous determination of the target compounds.
Influence of Nitrogen Application and Drip Irrigation on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yield of Cardoon Crop (Cynara cardunculus L.)
Authors: Barracosa Paulo , Antunes Manuela , Marques Francisco , Pinto António , Oliveira Jorge , Trindade Henrique , Pereira José L. S. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Cardoon is a multi-purpose crop with a wide spectrum of potential applications.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen (N) application and drip irrigation practices on emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) and morphological characterization and biomass production of cardoon crop.

Methods:
The experiment was run under field conditions from April to August 2018. The field experiment was a randomized complete block design with three replications and four treatments: (i) non-amended soil as control (CONTR); (ii) mineral N fertilizer and non-irrigated (NITRO); (iii) non-fertilized and drip irrigation (IRRIG); and (iv) mineral N fertilizer and drip irrigation by fertigation (FERTI). The fluxes of N2O, CO2 and CH4 were measured by the closed chamber technique and the morphological characteristics and yield of cardoon plants were evaluated per treatment.

Results:
Results showed that the N2O emissions and global warming potential were not significantly different among the application of mineral N fertilizer itself or by drip fertigation with an emission rate of 0.5% of N applied and -6,8 t CO2-eq. ha-1. The characteristics related to biomass production did not differ significantly (p>0.05) between amended treatments although numerically higher in IRRIG treatment.

Conclusion:
It was concluded that the application of mineral N fertilizer itself or drip fertigation had no significant effect on N2O emissions and global warming potential. Additionally, the plant growth, including biomass production, increased due to drip irrigation, but not significantly.
Nursing-Based Guidelines for Caregivers regarding Adult Patients with Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy
Authors: Elsaid Hussein Eman Sobhy , Mohamed Abu Negm Lobna Mohamed 
Published: July 2020

Background:

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) may cause complications when the management is inadequate and inappropriate. To avoid these complications, caregivers’ experiences and practices must be considered.

Study Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nursing- based guidelines on caregivers’ knowledge and practices regarding adult patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Methods:

A quasi-experimental design was used. The study was conducted in the medical and surgical departments in the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt. Sample: The sample consisted of 30 patients with PEG and their caregivers. A Structured interviewing questionnaire, Self-Administered Structured Questionnaire for caregiver, Caregiver Performance observation checklist, and PEG-specific questionnaire were obtained for data collection

Results:

The majority of studied patients (86.7%) were suffering from oncologic problems, in post-test and following up, the majority (83.3%) of caregivers had satisfactory level (76.7) (90%) (70%) in knowledge, complication and management of PEG, respectively. During follow up, the majority (73.3%) (90%) of caregivers were well level as regarding nutritional management and care of PEG. There were statistically significant differences between pre/post and follow-up nursing-based guidelines for caregivers’ knowledge and practice regarding patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy. The results show an improvement in the patients outcomes and the level of caregiver coping with the care of PEG and overall Patient satisfaction at (χ2 = 3.844, 4.097) p<0.001

Conclusion:

Nursing-based guidelines were helpful in the improvement of the caregiver's knowledge and practice regarding percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

Recommendations
Periodic educational training programs regarding PEG were based on the best practice guidelines for caregivers of those patients.
Application of Molybdenum ZSM-5 for Catalytic Oxidation of Wastewater Containing Methylene Blue
Authors: Ghosal Debarpita , Achary D. Kissan , Nayak Sandil , Kumar Bikash 
Published: July 2020

Background:
A vital section of water pollution mostly comes from the dying industry,
which contaminates the water bodies by discharging the effluents into them. Naturally, it is
carcinogenic as it contains harmful chemicals and minerals. To prevent this , many researchers have
studied the issue and came to an inference that Methylene blue should be removed from wastewater.
Many researchers and scientists proposed that Zeolite with little modifications could be one of the
feasible options for catalytic oxidation of dyes in wastewater. Our focus is mostly based on
Molybdenum impregnated H-ZSM-5 to catalytically oxidize methylene blue present in wastewater.

Objective:
This method examined the Catalytic oxidation of wastewater containing Methylene Blue by
the application of Mo-ZSM-5.

Methods:
Raw H-ZSM-5 was activated and impregnated with previously prepared MoCl5 and allowed
to dry and calcine at the required temperature. The product was characterized by Scanning Electron
Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and BET Surface Area Analyser methods.
Catalytic oxidation reactions were carried out at room temperature using hydrogen peroxide as oxidant.
The effect of each parameter was investigated vividly.

Results:
From the Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy method, it was observed that the percentage
for Molybdenum over H-ZSM-5 was 9%. Surface area analysis suggested that the value for the surface
area of unimpregnated H-ZSM-5 was 511 m2/g for 5% impregnation and 307 m2/g for 10% metal
impregnation. A sharp decrease in the surface area was observed. Scanning Electron Microscopy
images depict that the crystalline structure of raw H-ZSM-5 would not be damaged due to metal
impregnation. Its shape and size were unaltered. In the images, the porous surface was observed.

Conclusion:
Zeolites are an important catalyst in active phases for acidic/basic/redox catalysed
reactions. Its activity and selectivity affected by the crystalline structure as well as morphological
properties. Molybdenum impregnated H-ZSM-5 catalyst is best popularly known for its shape
selectivity property. It promotes faster decomposition of H2O2 to non-reactive O2, which shows poor
oxidation activity.
Synthesis and Characterization of Amine Impregnated Silica Aerogel from Rice Husk for CO2 Adsorption
Authors: Rani Noor H.A. , Mohammad Nor F. , Jamaludin Sharifah I.S. , Teo Nurul F.M.K. , Sah Nur S.M. , Jalil Mohd J. 
Published: July 2020

Objective::
Rice husk has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its
chemical components that are beneficial for a wide range of applications. In this paper, silica
aerogel from Rice Husk Ash (RHA) was prepared through sol-gel processing and ambient
pressure drying.

Methods::
The silica RHA was extracted with sodium hydroxide solution to produce sodium
silicate solution and neutralized with sulphuric acid to form silica gel. Then, the silica aerogel
was further modified with an amine, 3-(aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), because
amine groups provide specific adsorption sides for CO2 adsorption. The functional group,
surface morphology, and elemental composition of rice husk, silica aerogel, and modified
silica aerogel were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning
Electronic Microscopy (SEM) and Elemental Analysis (EA).

Results::
For amine-modified silica aerogel, it was found that the sample consists of N-H
band at a certain peak. FTIR and SEM analysis revealed that the synthesized silica aerogel
has fibrous morphology and indicates a similar trend with previous researches. The aminemodified
silica aerogel (AMSA) is able to adsorb 0.88 mol CO2/kg AMSA.

Concluson::
This study shows that the rice husk silica aerogel modified with APTES could
enhance the CO2 adsorption performance due to the physisorption and chemisorption.