bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translocation of Intracellular CD24&nbsp;Towards Cell Membrane Constitutes a Triggering Event for Drug Resistance in Breast Tumor Cell: Correlation With Dynamics of p38MAPK&nbsp;Activation
Authors: Huth Hugo Werner , Goes Alfredo Miranda de , Ropert Catherine 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe adaptation capacity of tumor cells to shift dynamically between different states could be responsible for chemoresistance and has been commonly linked to the acquisition of stem cell properties. Here, we have provided new elements concerning the role of the Cancer Stem Cell marker CD24 in the dynamics of tumor cell plasticity and the acquirement of drug resistance in breast cancer.MethodologyBreast cancer cell lines and cell lineage obtained from Brazilian patients were treated with cytotoxic and non-cytotoxic drugs and the phenotype switching associated with drug resistance was evaluated. Different markers were quantified like the expression of CD24 through microscopy and FACS, the regulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl-2, epigenetic changes and MAPK activation using western blotting in wild type and CD24 silencing cells. ResultsThe translocation of CD24 from cytosol to cell membrane was a triggering event for the phenotype change of tumor cells exposed to drug stress. Importantly, this phenomenon was observed in all the cells of the different population that was rendered possible thanks to the presence of an intracellular pool of CD24 in each given breast tumor cell. In these CD24+ cells, a strong and continuous phosphorylation of the p38 MAPK leading to drug resistance through the tri-methylation of H3K9 and overexpression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was observed. Importantly, the drug-resistant CD24+ cells entered into slow-down of cell cycle and restarted to proliferate after several weeks. The reawakened cells presented constitutive p38 activation, higher drug resistance and higher migration capacity. Notably, the use of a p38 activity inhibitor sensitized cells to drug treatment and avoided the appearance of chemoresistance.Conclusions/significance In this study, we have associated the cellular localization of CD24 with the changes in the dynamics of p38MAPK activation in breast tumor cells under drug stress. The tandem CD24/p38 plays a crucial role in the acquisition of drug resistance and new cell identity. The use of p38 inhibitor was able to disrupt this partnership and consequently to avoid chemotherapy-induced cell state transition. These results suggest that targeting p38 in breast cancer can overcome adaptive resistance to doxorubicin treatment.
Transcriptome Profiling of Epstein-Barr Virus Using Nanopore Sequencing
Authors: Moldován Norbert , Szenthe Kálmán , Bánáti Ferenc , Fülöp Ádám , Csabai Zsolt , Tombácz Dóra , Minárovits János , Boldogkői Zsolt 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an important human pathogenic gammaherpesvirus with carcinogenic potential. The EBV transcriptome has previously been analyzed using both Illumina-based short read- and Pacific Biosciences RS II-based long-read sequencing technologies. In this work, we use the Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION platform for the characterization of the EBV transcriptomic architecture. Both amplified and non-amplified cDNA sequencings were applied for the generation of transcription reads, including both oligo-d(T) and random oligonucleotide-primed reverse transcription. EBV transcripts are identified and annotated using the LoRTIA software suite developed in our laboratory. This study detected novel short genes (embedded into longer host genes) containing 5’-truncated in-frame open reading frames (ORFs), which might encode N-terminally truncated proteins. We also detected a number of novel non-coding RNAs and transcript length isoforms encoded by the same genes but differing in their start and/or end sites. This study also reports the discovery of novel splice isoforms, many of which may represent altered coding potential, and of novel Ori-associated RNA molecules. Additionally, novel mono- and polycistronic, as well as complex transcripts have been uncovered. An intricate meshwork of transcriptional overlaps has also been revealed.
Effect and Mechanism of Sacubitril/valsartan on Ventricular Remodeling in STZ induced Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Rats
Authors: Tang Kai , Lv Zhan , Ai Jiao , Shuai Zhuang , Li Zongyu , Zou Luwei , Liu Mao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) has a high incidence of heart failure and poor prognosis, so its prevention and treatment should be more active. In this study, we investigate the effect and mechanism of sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) on ventricular remodeling in DCM rats, so as to provide a new idea for clinical prevention of DCM.Methods: Twenty 8-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal rat group (NOR), DCM group, DCM+ Sac/Val group and DCM+ Perindopril (PER) group , with 5 rats in each group. The DCM rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 1% streptozotocin (STZ). NOR and DCM groups were gavaged with normal saline (1ml/100g/d) for 8 weeks, while Sac/Val and PER groups were gavaged with Sac/Val (60mg/kg/d) and PER (2mg/kg/d) for 8 weeks. HE and Masson staining were used to evaluate the pathological changes of myocardial tissue, the left ventricular/ body mass index was calculated to evaluate ventricular remodeling, the levels of IL-6 and TNF- α in myocardial tissue were detected by ELISA, and the protein expression of p-38 and phos-p38 was detected. Results: Compared with the NOR group, the arrangement of cardio myocytes in the DCM group was disordered and the content of collagen fibers increased. In the DCM group, the left ventricular/body mass index increased, the levels of IL-6 and TNF- α increased, and the phos-p38 protein expression increased (P＜0.01). Compared with DCM group, fewer collagen fibers were found and the degree of fibrosis was reduced in Sac/Val group and PER group. The levels of left ventricular/body mass index, IL-6, TNF- α and phos-p38 protein expression in the Sac/Val group were all lower than those in the DCM group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.01).Conclusion: Sac/Val can improve ventricular remodeling in DCM, and its mechanism may be related to its anti-inflammatory effect and inhibition of p38 signaling pathway in myocardial tissue.
Economic Activity Asymmetries to Oil Price Shocks for Oil Importing Economies
Authors: Bibi Salma , Rashid Abdul Rashid , Haq Mirajul 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
To prospect the query of asymmetry the data of 40 oil importing economies for period of 1990-2019 used in the analysis. All of the oil importing economies divided into 3 categories consisting of low, medium and high oil importing economy. The oil price shocks can lead to cross section to be correlated specifically oil importing panels this suspicion was realized by results the CD test of H. Pesaran (2004). The technique of dynamic common correlated effects (DCCE) by Chudik, et al. (2015) used for analysis. The results provided evidence of asymmetries for highest and lowest oil importing economies in long run. However, absences of asymmetry in short run for all oil importing nations.
Trust Assessment in Internet of Things Using Blockchain and Machine Learning
Authors: Wang Liming , Zhu Hongqin , Sun Jiawei , Dai Ran , Ma Qi , Wei Xin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Since IoT devices are strengthened, edge computing with multi-center cooperation becomes a trend. Considering that edge nodes may belong to different center, they have different trust management model, it’s hard to assess trust among edge nodes. In this paper, we take blockchain to coordinate differences among centers, construct a trust environment for transactions in IoT. In detail, we propose a blockchain based identity management for IoT to ensure identity is credible, then design a transaction model to provide certification for IoT transactions. And, we take machine learning methods to analyze IoT transaction log, thus decide trust nodes or not. Experiment results show that our mechanism could effectively identify trustworthy edges in IoT.
Impact of specific emergency measures on survival of out of hospital traumatic cardiac arrest: data from the northern french alps cardiac arrest registry.
Authors: Savary Dominique , Morin François , Douillet Delphine , Roupioz Thierry , Ageron François Xavier , Drouet Adrien , Charvet Romain , Carneiro Bruno , Metton Pierre , Fadel Marc , Descatha Alexis 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The management of Out of hospital Traumatic Cardiac Arrest (TCA) for professional rescuers combines advanced life support with specifics actions to treat potential reversible causes of the arrest: hypovolemia, hypoxemia, Tension Pneumothorax (TPx) and tamponade. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of specific rescue gestures on short-term outcomes in the context of resuscitation of patients with a pre-hospital TCA.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of all TCA treated in two emergency medical units (EM unit), which are part of the Northern Alps emergency network, from January 2004 to December 2017. Utstein variables and specific rescue actions in TCA were compiled: advanced airway management, fluid administration, pelvic stabilization or tourniquet application, bilateral thoracostomy, and thoracotomy procedures. The primary end point was the survival rate at day 30 with good neurologic outcome (cerebral performance category [CPC] score 1 & 2).Results: 287 resuscitations attempt in TCA were included and 279 specific interventions were Identified: 262 Fluid expansion, 41 External Pelvic stabilizations, 5 tourniquets, 175 bilateral thoracostomies, (including 44 with TPx).Conclusion: Among standard resuscitation measures to treat reversible causes of cardiac arrest, we were able to show that bilateral thoracostomy and tourniquet application on a limb hemorrhage improves survival of TCA. A larger sample for pelvic stabilization is necessary.
Evaluation of the Implementation Process of the Mobile Health Platform ‘WelTel’ in Six Sites in East Africa and Canada Using the Modified Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (mCFIR)
Authors: Joueidi Samia El , Bardosh Kevin , Musoke Richard , Tilahun Binyam , Moslim Maryam Abo , Gourlay Katie , MacMullin Alissa , Cook Victoria J. , Murray Melanie , Mbaraga Gilbert , Nsanzimana Sabin , Lester Richard 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Health systems globally are investing in integrating secure messaging platforms for virtual care in clinical practice. Implementation science is essential for adoption, scale-up, spread and maintenance of complex evidence-based solutions in clinics with evolving priorities. In response, the mHealth Research Group modified the existing Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (mCFIR) to evaluate implementation of virtual health tools in clinical settings. WelTel® is an evidence-based digital health platform widely deployed in various geographical and health contexts. Objectives: To identify the facilitators and barriers for implementing WelTel and to assess the application of the mCFIR tool in facilitating focus groups in different geographical and health settings. Methodology: Both qualitative and semi-quantitative approaches were employed. Six mCFIR sessions were held in three countries with 51 key stakeholders surveyed. The mCFIR tool consists of 5 Domains and 25 Constructs and was built and distributed through Qualtrics XM. “Performance ” and “Importance” scores were valued on a scale of 0 to 10 (Mean + SD). Descriptive analysis was conducted using R computing software. NVivo 12 Pro software was used to analyze mCFIR responses and to generate themes from the participants’ input. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the focus group facilitators to understand their experience using the mCFIR tool. Results: We observed a parallel trend in the scores for Importance and Performance. Of the five Domains, Domain 4 (End-user Characteristics) and Domain 3 (Inner Settings) scored highest in Importance (8.9 + 0.5 and 8.6 + 0.6, respectively) and Performance (7.6 + 0.7 and 7.2 + 1.3, respectively) for all sites. Domain 2 (Outer Setting) scored the lowest in both Importance and Performance for all sites (7.6 + 0.4 and 5.6 + 1.8). Areas of strengths included timely diagnosis, immediate response, cost-effectiveness, user-friendliness, and simplicity. Areas for improvement included training, phone accessibility, health authority’s engagement, and literacy. Conclusion: The mCFIR tool allowed for a comprehensive understanding of the barriers and facilitators to the implementation, reach, and scale-up of digital health tools. Participants emphasized the importance of creating partnerships with external organizations and health authorities in order to achieve sustainability and scalability.Trial Registration: · NCT02603536 – November 11, 2015· NCT01549457 – March 9, 2012
IFITM3 influences the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating NCAPG through phosphorylation
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Zhang Rongguiyi , Li Enliang , Wang Jiakun , Wu Linquan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background:Several studies have demonstrated that the expressions of IFITM3 and NCAPG are closely related to the prognosis of various tumors. However, the mechanism of action of these two is not yet clear. In this study, we have explored the mechanism of action of IFITM3 and NCAPG in the promotion of the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Specimens of liver cancer and adjacent tissues from 55 HCC patients at the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were collected, and the expressions of NCAPG and IFITM3 were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Through the analysis of multiple databases, the relationship between IFITM3 and NCAPG was established by the CO-IP method. SiRNA and plasmids were used to downregulate and upregulate IFITM3, and the expression of STAT3/CDK1, NCAPG mRNA, and protein was observed. After downregulating and upregulating the expression of IFITM3 and NCAPG, the ability of HCC cells to invade and metastasize was determined using a scratch test and Transwell assays. After using pathway inhibitors and activators, the expression of NCAPG was observed.Results: According to the database, both IFITM3 and NCAPG were highly expressed in liver hepatocellular carcinoma. We also confirmed that IFITM3 and NCAPG were upregulated in HCC tissues and cells. Furthermore, the bioinformatics analysis and CO-IP indicated that there was a protein interaction between IFITM3 and NCAPG, and that IFITM3 could regulate NCAPG by phosphorylating it. We further confirmed our observations by retrospective experiments. The reuse of pathway inhibitors and activators indicated that IFITM3 could regulate NCAPG through STAT3/CDK1 to promote the invasion and metastasis of HCC. Finally, the animal experiments confirmed that the results were also reproducible in vivo. Conclusion: IFITM3 can regulate NCAPG through STAT3/CDK1 to promote the invasion and metastasis of HCC.
Associated Factors to Immunization Timeliness and Completion in Preterm and Low Birth Weight Infants at Essos Hospital Center Yaounde
Authors: Kouya Marie , Motaze Annie Carole Nga , Ngoué Jeannette Epee , Sandie Arsene Brunelle , Ndombo Paul Olivier Koki , NLEND ANNE ESTHER NJOM 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction. Vaccination is very often delayed in premature and low birth weight infants. However, timely vaccination is even more important in the latter because of their increased susceptibility to infection.Objective. To assess immunization practice and factors associated with vaccine promptness and completeness in former preterm and low-birth-weight infants.Methods. We conducted a retrospective analytical cross-sectional study (January 2017 to February 2019). Main measurement : Promptness and completeness at each contact, Statistical analysis was performed using R software version 3.6.2, logistic regression was used to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) and their 95% Confidence Interval (CI).Results. We recruited 310 children aged 12 to 36 months born before 37 weeks with low birth weight, 163 (52.6%) of whom were female. Two hundred and fifty-three had received the vaccines at the indicated age, with promptness rate of 81.6%, and 97.7% had completed routine immunization at 9 months. The mean age at vaccination initiation was 6 days ±11 and the mean weight at vaccination initiation was 2233g ±494. High prematurity and very low birth weight were associated with a high rate of vaccine delay: 61.5% [OR: 15.56; (CI: 3.22-118.52; p=0.002)] and 66.7% [OR: 19.19; (CI: 4.67-92.52; p<0.001)] respectively. Distance > 5 km with HEC [OR: 3.48; (CI: 1.68-7.47; p=0.001)] was associated with poor vaccination. Women in common-law unions had the lowest vaccine readiness rate (60.6%), (OR: 3.36; CI: 1.006-10.70; p=0.038). The frequency of occurrence of post immunization adverse events was 24.5%, with fever type in 94.7%.Conclusion. Nearly all premature and/or low-birth-weight children hospitalized at Essos Hospital Center had completed routine immunization at 9 months, and the majority had received the vaccines in a timely manner. Similar study is needed in rural area.
Method to obtain homozygous introgressing segments in Drosophila to identify the presence of hybrid sterility genes of the reproductive isolation
Authors: García-Franco Francisco , Barandica-Cañon Lilian , Galindo-Pérez Ezel , García Martha Martínez , Chávez-Sandoval Blanca 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Here, we present for the first time, a method to generate homozygous segmental introgressions, by means of crosses between a pair of synmorphic species. The introgressions were monitored by the cytogenetic method of polygenic chromosome asynapses. Later the introgressions were evaluated in their capacity to produce sterility in segmental males. Also, the smallest segment with the capacity to produce sterility in segmental males was mapped by in situ hybridization of polythene chromosomes, using 8 sequences of BACs clones as probes. Finally, a bioinformatic analysis was carried out to identify the presence of particular genes. From 2 parental strains, D. buzzatii and D. koepferae, 6 simple segmental hybrid lines were generated, whose introgressing segments are distributed along chromosome 4 of these species. From the 6 simple segmental lines and by means of a new crossing strategy, the 6 respective homozygous segmental hybrid offspring were obtained, each of them carrying a specific homozygous introgression. None of the 6 heterozygous introgressions was capable of producing sterility in segmental males, while 4 of the same homozygous introgressions produced total sterility in segmental males, including in this group the two smallest introgressive segments, one of 5.03 % and the other 7.87% with respect to the total length of chromosome 4, which are located in the region F2 to F4 of the standard cytological map based on polythene chromosomes of the Drosophila Repleta group. In situ hybridization, using 8 clones from contig 1065 located along the F2 to F4 region of the physical map of D. buzzattii constructed in BACs, confirmed the precise location of the 6 clones in the chromosomal region F2 to F4 of chromosome 4 of the polygenic chromosomes of both D. buzzatii and D. mojavensis. The bioinformatic analysis of the F2 to F4 region, using the complete genetic sequence of the contig 1065 of D. buzzatti shows the presence of two predicted genes in the genomic map of D. buzzatii (g.1313.t1 and g.1314.t1), and the orthologous association of these 2 genes both with the D. moj_GI22766 gene of D. mojavensis and with the Trivet gene of D. melanogaster.
Machine Learning Models for Risk Prediction of Lymph Nodes Metastasis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Cai Miaochun , Shen Dong , Li Zhihao , Zhou Jianmeng , Chen Yingjun , Liu Dan , Zhang Yujie , Shen Hong , Mao Chen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To develop and validate machine learning models for risk prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using clinicopathologic parameters and immunohistochemical features. Methods: From January 2010 to December 2019, 639 patients' data were continuously collected in Nanfang Hospital. We exacted immunohistochemical features and clinicopathological features from the electronic medical records of patients. We established two models (a full model and a selection model) and implemented three algorithms (random forest, support vector machine and penalized logistic regression). The model performance was evaluated in terms of discrimination (receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)), calibration, and decision curve analysis. Results: AUROC (area under receiver operating characteristic curve) analysis (also calibration curves) showed that the selection model (AUC values for training and testing, 0.843 and 0.840 respectively) and the full model constructed using random forest (AUC values for training and testing, 0.855 and 0.863 respectively) performed best among all models. Decision curve analysis depicted that the full model and the selection model using random forest was clinically useful. The model performance of the full model and the selection model were comparable. Conclusion: The random forest model using clinicopathologic- immunohistochemical features can predict the LNM of NSCLC patients.
Mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg1 in preventing ETEC‑induced diarrhea: Maintaining ileal integrity and eliminating inflammation
Authors: Kang Jian , Ai Qin , Zhou Yanhong , Zhu Chunyang , Fang Binghu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) can cause severe watery diarrhea and rapid dehydration or death of newborn animals, resulting in significant economic losses of animal farms around the world. The endotoxin produced by ETEC usually causes inflammation and damage to the integrity of the intestinal mucosa, which leads to the destruction of intestinal homeostasis. To date, ETEC infections have been treated widely using drugs and antibiotics. Unfortunately, after high-dose or long-term antibiotic treatment, ETEC might develop drug or antibiotic resistance, and the animal products might also contain their residues. Therefore, the development of antibiotic substitutes has been explored widely by scholars. The main phytocomponent of Ginseng is ginsenoside Rg1 (GRg1), which has shown anti‐inflammatory properties in animal models and cell lines.Methods: Mice were infected with ETEC after 14 days of treatment with different doses of GRg1, and the diarrhea index, ileal pathological changes, and inflammatory factors in plasma were compared. Changes to the proteins in the ileum were assessed using proteomics.Results: ETEC challenge not only increased the serum content of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL) 1β, IL6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), (P < 0.05), but also induced pathological changes in the ileum such as reduction of villus height, crypt depth (P < 0.05), and inflammatory cell infiltration. However, different doses of GRg1 treatment significantly reversed the above changes, with no significant dose dependence (P > 0.05). Proteomic analysis identified 55 differentially abundant proteins in the ileum of ETEC-infected mice treated with and without GRg1. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that these proteins were involved in 15 signaling pathways, particularly, the complement and coagulation cascade pathway and the platelet activation pathway. Western blotting identified that the key proteins complement C3, fibrinogen (Fg)A, FgB and FgG in these signaling pathways were significantly downregulated by GRg1 (P < 0.05), which was consistent with the proteomic analysis.Conclusion: GRg1 alleviates ETEC diarrhea in mice by eliminating the infection‑related inflammatory reaction and maintaining the integrity of intestinal mucosa.