bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes of adolescent pregnancy: a cross sectional study in Hebei, China
Authors: Zhang Ting , Wang Huien , Wang Xinling , Yang Yue , Zhang Yingkui , Tang Zengjun , Wang Li 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by teenage pregnancy are major public health problems with significant social impact, especially in developing countries. While China is the most populous country in the world, and 8.5% of the women aged 10-50 years are adolescent women, we aimed to analyze the adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes of the adolescent pregnant women in Hebei Province, China.Methods There were 238,598 singleton pregnant women aged 10-34 years from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017 in the database of Hebei Province Maternal Near Miss Surveillance System (HBMNMSS). The 238,598 pregnant women were divided into two groups: adolescent group (aged 10-19 years) and adult group (aged 20-34 years), the adolescent group was divided into two subgroups (aged 10-17 years, aged 18-19 years). The information that was collected included sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric history, place and mode of delivery, pregnancy outcome, complications during pregnancy. We compared the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes between the two groups and two subgroups using univariate and multivariate Logistic regression. Results Compared with women aged 20-34 years, women aged 10-19 years had lower risk of cesarean delivery [adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 0.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.70-0.80], gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (aRR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.41-0.73). The women aged 10-19 years had higher risk of preterm birth (aRR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.54-2.01), small for gestational age (SGA) (aRR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08-1.30), stillbirth (aRR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.83-3.62), neonatal death (aRR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.60-4.32). The adolescent women aged 10-17 years had significantly higher risk of stillbirth (aRR: 4.83, 95% CI: 2.86-8.14) and neonatal death (aRR: 6.35, 95% CI: 3.16-12.77) compared with the women aged 20-34 years, but there was no association with the risk of incidence of GDM (aRR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.63-1.68) and SGA (aRR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.89-1.39). Conclusions The adolescent pregnancy was related to adverse perinatal (fetal and neonatal) outcomes, such as preterm birth, stillbirth and neonatal death, especially in younger adolescent pregnancies (aged 10-17 years).
First evidence of the deletion in the Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes in P. falciparum from Equatorial Guinea
Authors: Berzosa Pedro , González V , Taravillo L , Mayor A , Romay-Barja M , Garcia L , Ncogo P , Riloha M , Benito A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background WHO recommends RDTs as a good alternative malaria-diagnosis method in remote parts of sub-Saharan Africa. The majority of commercial RDTs currently available detect the P. falciparum protein histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2). There have also been recent reports of Pfhrp2 deletions being found in parasites collected from several African countries. WHO has concluded that the lacking the Pfhrp2 gene must be monitored in Africa. The purpose of the study was to analyze why the samples that were positive by PCR were negative by RDTs; and, therefore, to determine whether there have been deletions in the Pfhrp2 and/or Pfhrp3 genes. Methods Malaria NM-PCR was carried out to all the samples collected in the field. A group of 128 samples was positive by PCR but negatives by RDT, these samples were classified as RDT false-negatives. It was carried out a PCR for exon2 of Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes to detect the presence or absence of these two genes. Frequencies with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used for prevalence estimates. Associations were assessed by the chi-square test or Fisher´s exact test. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using the software package SPSSv.15.0. Results After the PCR, 81 samples were identified (4.7%, 95%CI: 3.8-5.8) which had deletion in both genes, Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 . Overall, however, 11 samples (0.6%, 95%CI: 0.36-1.14) had deletion only in Pfhrp2 but not in Pfhrp3 , and 15 (0.9%, 95%CI: 0.6-1.5) presented with deletion only in Pfhrp3 but not in Pfhrp2 . Considering the Pfhrp2 gene separately, within the total of 1,724 samples, 92 (5.3%, 95%CI: 4.37-6.5) had evidence of deletion. Conclusion The present study provides the first evidence of deletion in the Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 genes in P. falciparum isolates from Equatorial Guinea. However, larger studies across different regions within the country and across different seasonal profiles are needed to determine the full extent of Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 deletion. It would be strongly recommendable to implement an active surveillance program in order to detect any increases in Pfhrp2 and Pfhrp3 deletion frequencies.
Rapid shifts in the age-specific burden of malaria following successful control interventions in four regions of Uganda
Authors: Kigozi Simon P. , Kigozi Ruth N. , Epstein Adrienne , Mpimbaza Arthur , Sserwanga Asadu , Yeka Adoke , Nankabirwa Joaniter I. , Halliday Katherine , Pullan Rachel L , Rutazaana Damian , Sebuguzi Catherine M , Opigo Jimmy , Kamya Moses R , Staedke Sarah G , Dorsey Grant , Greenhouse Bryan , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria control using long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying of insecticide (IRS) has been associated with reduced transmission throughout Africa. However, the impact of transmission reduction on the age distribution of malaria cases remains unclear.Methods: Over a 10-year period (January, 2009 to July, 2018), outpatient surveillance data from four health facilities in Uganda were used to estimate the impact of control interventions on temporal changes in the age distribution of malaria cases using multinomial regression. Interventions included mass distribution of LLINs at all sites and IRS at two sites.Results: Overall, 896,550 patient visits were included in the study; 211,632 aged <5 years, 171,166 aged 5-15 years, and 513,752 >15 years. Over time, the age distribution of patients not suspected of malaria and those malaria negative either declined or remained the same across all sites. In contrast, the age distribution of suspected and confirmed malaria cases increased across all four sites. In the two LLINs-only sites, the proportion of malaria cases in <5 years decreased from 31% to 16% and 35% to 25%, respectively. In the two sites receiving LLINs plus IRS, these proportions decreased from 58% to 30% and 64% to 47%, respectively. Similarly, in the LLINs-only sites, the proportion of malaria cases >15 years increased from 40% to 61% and 29% to 39%, respectively. In the sites receiving LLINs plus IRS, these proportions increased from 19% to 44% and 18% to 31%, respectively.Conclusions: These findings demonstrate a shift in the burden of malaria from younger to older individuals following implementation of successful control interventions, which has important implications for malaria prevention, surveillance, case management and control strategies.
Keap1-targeting microRNA-941 protects endometrial cells from oxygen and glucose deprivation-re-oxygenation via activation of Nrf2 signaling
Authors: Li Shu-ping , Cheng Wei-nan , Li Ya , Xu Hong-bin , Li Ping , Zhang Deng-Xia , Han Hui 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Mimicking ischemia-reperfusion injury, oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-re-oxygenation (OGDR) applied to endometrial cells produces significant oxidative stress and programmed necrosis, which can be inhibited by nuclear-factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. MicroRNA (miRNA)-induced repression of Keap1, a Nrf2 suppressor protein that facilitates Nrf2 degradation, is novel strategy to activate Nrf2 cascade. Methods: MicroRNA-941 (miR-941) was exogenously expressed in HESC and primary human endometrial cells, and the Nrf2 pathway examined by Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR analysis. The endometrial cells were treated with OGDR, cell programmed necrosis and apoptosis were tested. Results: MiR-941 is a novel Keap1-targeting miRNA that regulates Nrf2 activity. In T-HESC cells and primary human endometrial cells, ectopic overexpression of miR-941 suppressed Keap1 3’-UTR (untranslated region) expression and downregulated its mRNA/protein expression, leading to activation of the Nrf2 cascade. Conversely, inhibition of miR-941 elevated Keap1 expression and activity in endometrial cells, resulting in suppression of Nrf2 activation. MiR-941 overexpression in endometrial cells attenuated OGDR-induced oxidative stress and programmed necrosis, whereas miR-941 inhibition enhanced oxidative stress and programmed necrosis. MiR-941 overexpression and inhibition were completely ineffective in Keap1-/Nrf2-KO T-HESC cells (using CRISPR/Cas9 strategy). Restoring Keap1 expression, using an UTR-depleted Keap1 construct, abolished miR-941-induced anti-OGDR activity in T-HESC cells. Thus Keap1-Nrf2 cascade activation is required for miR-941-induced endometrial cell protection. Conclusions: Targeting Keap1 by miR-941 activates Nrf2 cascade to protect human endometrial cells from OGDR-induced oxidative stress and programmed necrosis.
The impact of Clonorchis sinensis infection on immune response in mice with type II collagen-induced arthritis
Authors: li xiangyang , Yang Ying , Qin Su-Ping , Kong Fan-Yun , Yan Chao , Cheng Wan-Peng , Pan Wei , Yu Qian , Hua Hui , Zheng Kui-Yang , Tang Ren-Xian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Clonorchis sinensis infection could trigger strong immune responses in mice and humans. However, whether the C.sinensis infection has an impact on arthritis is unknown. Here we investigated the effect of C.sinensis infection on type II collagen-induced arthritis in BALB/c mice.
Results: The mice were firstly infected with 45 C.sinensis metacercariae by oral gavage. Four weeks later, arthritis in mice was induced by type II collagen. Joint inflammation with severe redness and swelling in hind paws was observed in type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. Besides, the physical activity was significantly reduced, but the respiratory exchange ratio was increased in CIA mice. Compared with CIA mice, C.sinensis infection could increase the severity of arthritis in CIA mice, based on the results of disease score and pathological changes. Compared to CIA mice, increased neutrophils and Ly6Chi monocytes, decreased B cells and CD4+T cells, were found in C.sinensis infected CIA mice. Besides these, C.sinensis infected mice also displayed significantly higher levels of serum IL-4 and IL-17 than those in CIA mice.
Conclusions: Taken together, our data suggest that C.sinensis infection have a bad effect on arthritis, and could induce the abnormality of the immune response in mice with CIA.
The diagonal branches and outcomes in patients with anterior ST- elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhang Shuning , Deng Xin , Yang Wenlong , Xia Liping , Yao Kang , Lu Hao , Ge Lei , Li Shen , Sun Aijun , Zou Yunzeng , Qian Juying , Ge Junbo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The management of diagonal branch (D) occlusion is still controversary. The association between the flow loss of D and the prognosis remains unclear. We aim to detect the impact of D flow on cardiac function and clinical outcomes in patients with anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods Patients with anterior STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)at our clinic between October 2015 and October 2018were reviewed. Anterior STEMI due to left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion with or without loss of the main D flow (TIMI grade 0-1 or 2-3) was enrolled in the analysis. The short- and long-term incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs, a composite of all-cause death, target vessel revascularization and reinfarction) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were analyzed. Results A total of 392 patients (mean age of 63.9years) with anterior STEMI treated with primary PCI was enrolled in the study. They were divided into two groups, loss (TIMI grade 0-1, n=69) and no loss (TIMI grade2-3, n=323) of D flow, before primary PCI. Compared with the group without loss of D flow, the group with loss of D flow showed a lower LVEF post PCI (41.0% vs. 48.8%, p=0.003). Meanwhile, loss of D flow resulted in the higher in-hospital, one-month, and 18-month incidence of MACEs, especially in all-cause mortality (all p<0.05). Landmark analysis further indicated that the significant differences in 18-month outcomes between the two groups mainly resulted from the differences during the hospitalization. In addition, multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis found that D flow loss before primary PCI was independent factor predicting short- and long-term outcomes in patients with anterior STEMI. Conclusion Loss of the main D flow in anterior STEMI patients was independently associated with the higher in-hospital incidences of MACEs and all-cause death as well as the lower LVEF.
The DELLA Proteins Interact with MYB21 and MYB24 to Regulate Filament Elongation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Huang Huang , Gong Yilong , Liu Bei , Wu Dewei , Zhang Min , Xie Daoxin , Song Susheng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Gibberellin (GA) and jasmonate (JA) are two essential phytohormones for filament elongation in Arabidopsis . GA and JA trigger degradation of DELLAs and JASMONATE ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins through SCF SLY1 and SCF COI1 separately to activate filament elongation . In JA pathway, JAZs interact with MYB21 and MYB24 to control filament elongation. However, little is known how DELLAs regulate filament elongation. Results: Here we showed that DELLAs interact with MYB21 and MYB24, and that R2R3 domains of MYB21 and MYB24 are responsible for interaction with DELLAs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DELLA and JAZ proteins coordinately repress the transcriptional function of MYB21 and MYB24 to inhibit filament elongation . Conclusion: We discovered that DELLAs interact with MYB21 and MYB24, and that DELLAs and JAZs attenuate the transcriptional function of MYB21 and MYB24 to control filament elongation. This study reveals a novel cross-talk mechanism of GA and JA in the regulation of filament elongation in Arabidopsis .
The Bipedicle Advancement Flap on Skin Coverage After Mucous Cyst Excision:A Retrospective Study of 18 Cases.
Authors: Ma Yanming , Meng Xiangjun , Su Yun , Yan Zuofa , Shao Quansheng , Chen Yiqing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Many patients have skin defects after digital mucous cyst (DMC) excision, and this study aimed to assess the clinical outcomes of using a bipedicle advancement flap to cover such defects. Methods : From January 2016 to January 2018, DMCs on 18 fingers of 15 patients (4 males and 11 females, with a mean age of 64 years) were treated with cyst and osteophyte excision and a bipedicle advancement flap to cover the resultant defect in this retrospective study. Postoperative flap survival, healing and infection were evaluated. The pre- and postoperative ranges of motion (ROMs) of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) or thumb interphalangeal (IP) joints were recorded. Postoperative patients’ satisfaction was assessed by the visual analogue scale (VAS; 0～10). Results : The patients were followed up for 12-36 months (mean, 20 months). All the flaps survived, the incisions healed well without infection, and no cyst recurrence occurred. The postoperative ROM of the affected fingers was restored to the preoperative ROM by two months after surgery. No difference was found between the preoperative and postoperative ROMs. The score of patients’ satisfaction for surgery by means of VAS was 8.5±1.0. Conclusions : The bipedicle advancement flap is a simple and effective technique for covering skin defects following DMC excision.
Symptomatic treatment (using NSAIDS) versus antibiotics in uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lopez Albert Macaire Chua Ong , Tan Charles Jeffrey L. , II Antonio S. Yabon , Masbang Armin N. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Current guidelines recommend empiric antibiotics as first-line treatment for uncomplicated UTI. Despite proven benefits in treatment, antibiotic resistance rates still rise.
Objectives: This meta-analysis aims to determine whether NSAIDs can serve as an effective and safe option in the treatment of uncomplicated lower UTI among non-pregnant women compared to antibiotics.
Data Sources: PUBMED,MEDLINE,EMBASE,CENTRAL,ACP databases and other grey literature sources from inception to June 2019 were sought in the relevant search.
Study Eligibility Criteria, Participants and Intervention: Randomized controlled trials that compare the use of NSAIDs versus antibiotics in non-pregnant women ≥ 18 years old with uncomplicated urinary tract infection.
Methods: Primary outcomes were symptom resolution of UTI at Day 3 or 4 of intervention,and upper UTI complications. Secondary outcomes include persistence of positive urine culture despite treatment and need for another rescue antibiotic. Random and fixed-effects model for dichotomous data using Mantel-Haenszel and Peto odds method were reported at 95% CI followed by sensitivity analysis with substantial heterogeneity.
Results: The probability of having a symptom resolution by Day 3 or 4 with NSAID use is only less than three-fourths of that with antibiotic treatment(RR: 0.69; 95% CIs [0.55, 0.86], I 2 =73).The odds of developing upper UTI complications with use of NSAIDs are 6.49 to 1 for antibiotics (Peto OR: 6.49, 95% CIs [3.02, 13.92], I 2 =0%).Secondary analysis showed that the NSAID group is 2.77x more likely to have persistence of a positive microbiologic urine culture than the antibiotic group (RR: 2.77; 95% CIs [1.95, 3.94], I 2 =36%).Treatment with NSAIDs are three times more likely to use a secondary or rescue antibiotic due to persistent or worsening symptoms as compared to antibiotics (RR: 3.10; 95% Cis [2.17, 4.43], I 2 =53%).
Conclusion: This meta-analysis could not prove non-inferiority of NSAIDs over antibiotics. However,the authors would still recommend maintaining the use of empiric antibiotic therapy as the primary treatment for UTI because of limited NSAID benefits with complication risks.
A predictive model for early diagnosis of keratoconus
Authors: CASTRO-LUNA GRACIA , PÉREZ-RUEDA ANTONIO 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The diagnosis of keratoconus in the early stages of the disease is necessary to initiate an early treatment of keratoconus. Furthermore to avoid possible refractive surgery that could produce ectasias. This study aims to describe the topographic, pachymetric and aberrometry characteristics in patients with keratoconus, subclinical keratoconus and normal corneas. Additionally to propose a diagnostic model of subclinical keratoconus based in binary logistic regression models
Methods: The design was a cross-sectional study. It included 205 eyes from 205 patients distributed in 82 normal corneas, 40 subclinical keratoconus and 83 established keratoconus The rotary Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam® type) analyzed the topographic, pachymetric and aberrometry variables. It performed a descriptive and bivariate analysis of the recorded data. A diagnostic and predictive model of subclinical keratoconus was calculated with the statistically significant variables
Results: Statistically significant differences were observed when comparing normal corneas with subclinical keratoconus/ in variables of the vertical asymmetry to 90º and the central corneal thickness. The binary logistic regression model included the minimal corneal thickness, the anterior coma to 90º and posterior coma to 90º. The model properly diagnosed 92% of cases
Conclusions: The differential diagnosis between normal cases and subclinical keratoconus depends on the mínimum corneal thickness, the anterior coma to 90º and the posterior coma to 90º.
Reablement through time and space: A scoping review of how the concept of ‘reablement’ for older people has been defined and operationalised
Authors: Clotworthy Amy , Kusumastuti Sasmita , Westendorp Rudi GJ 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background While the field of rehabilitation has determined a common definition of professional practice, legislators and healthcare professionals in various Western countries have been struggling to reach consensus about how the newer offer of ‘reablement’ should be organised, operationalised, and understood as a health service for older adults. International research indicates that a great deal of confusion, ambiguity, and disagreement has arisen regarding the terminology and the structure of these programmes, and they may not be adequately supporting older people. Could a clarification of the concept help reablement become more effective in theory and in practice? Methods We conducted a qualitative and quantitative scoping review to determine how reablement has developed through time and space. Eligible articles (n=86) had to focus on any of the defined features of current reablement programmes; there were no restrictions on study designs or publication dates. In articles published from 1947–2019, we identified themes and patterns, commonalities, and differences in how various countries described and defined reablement. We also performed an analysis using computer software to construct and visualise term maps based on significant words extracted from the article abstracts. Results The fundamental principles of reablement have a long history. However, these programmes have undergone a widespread expansion since the early 2000s with an intention to reduce costs related to providing long-term care services and in-home assistance to growing elderly populations. As reablement programmes have developed internationally, they have begun to overemphasise training older people to (re)gain their skills and confidence in maintaining or improving functional ability related to activities of daily living (ADLs). Conclusions Reablement programmes are fundamentally intended to be person-centred and should support older people in attaining their self-defined goals to be both more physically independent at home and socially involved in their communities. However, the rapid implemention of these programmes without clear evidence for the full scope of their potential effects and impact means that they may not adequately support older people’s needs. A continued lack of agreement about what reablement is (and what it should achieve) may lead to ineffective programmes and unclear guidance on which outcomes to measure.