bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health and Quality of Life Among Adults With Single, Multiple, and No Religious Affiliations
Authors: Peres Mario Fernando Prieto , Swerts Diego , de Oliveira Arão Belitardo , Leão Frederico Camelo , Lucchetti Alessandra Lamas Granero , Vallada Homero , de Oliveira Maraldi Everton , Toniol Rodrigo , Lucchetti Giancarlo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFew studies have investigated the “multiple religious affiliations” phenomenon. This study aims to understand those with “multiple religious affiliations,” describing its prevalence and investigating if there are differences in mental health and quality of life between this group and those with a single religious affiliation and those with no religious affiliation. A total of 1169 adults were included, and 58% had a single religious affiliation, 27.7% had multiple religious affiliations, and 12.3% had no religious affiliation. Participants with a single religious affiliation presented better mental health and quality of life than those with multiple or no religious affiliations. Although most outcomes were similar between multiple and no religious affiliations, happiness and optimism were higher in the multiple religious group, and anxiety was lower in the no religious group. Health care professionals should be aware of the secondary religious affiliations of their patients to identify possible conflicts and to treat them comprehensively.
Predicting Patients' Readmission
Authors: Zanovello Sofia , Donisi Valeria , Tedeschi Federico , Ruggeri Mirella , Moretti Francesca , Rimondini Michela , Amaddeo Francesco 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study explores whether clinicians or a statistical model can better identify patients at risk of early readmission and investigates variables potentially associated with clinicians' risk judgment. We focus on a total of 142 patients discharged from acute psychiatric wards in the Verona Mental Health Department (Italy). Psychiatrists assessed patients' risk of readmission at 30 and 90 days postdischarge, predicted their postdischarge compliance, and assessed their Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score at admission and discharge. Clinicians' judgment outperformed the statistical model, with the difference reaching statistical significance for 30-day readmission. Clinicians' readmission risk judgment, both for 30 and 90 days, was found to be statistically associated with predicted compliance with community treatment and GAF score at discharge. Clinicians' superior performance might be explained by their risk judgment depending on nonmeasurable factors, such as experience and intuition. Patients with a poorer GAF score at discharge and poor assumed compliance were predicted to have a higher risk of readmission.
Prediction of Smoking Abstinence in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Kim Sun S. , Cooley Mary E. , Lee Sang A , DeMarco Rosanna F. 
Published: January 2020

Background
This study examined whether baseline negative emotional states (depression and anxiety) would predict craving for cigarettes and other nicotine withdrawal symptoms in early abstinence and whether those emotional states and withdrawal symptoms would predict failure in quitting smoking at 3 months postquit among U.S. women living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Method
The study is a secondary analysis of data from two smoking cessation studies of women living with HIV. Craving for cigarettes and other withdrawal symptoms were assessed weekly with a total of 229 observations during the first 4 weeks following quit day. Descriptive statistics were used to examine baseline characteristics of the participants. A random growth curve model was used to estimate between-person differences in a within-person trend of changes in the withdrawal symptoms. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of short-term smoking abstinence.

Results
Baseline anxiety was a predictor of postquit nicotine withdrawal symptoms but baseline depression was not. Neither baseline anxiety nor depression predicted postquit craving for cigarettes. Participants who received an HIV-tailored smoking cessation intervention showed a greater decline in craving symptom than those who received an attention-controlled intervention. HIV-tailored intervention and less craving predicted smoking abstinence at 3-month follow-up.

Discussion
Compared to an attention-controlled intervention, an HIV-tailored intervention effectively decreased craving for cigarette smoking after quitting—which effectively increased the rate of short-term smoking abstinence in women living with HIV.
Periarticular Ketorolac Improves Outcomes for Patients With Joint Replacements
Authors: Sasse Laura , Laessig-Stary Betsy , Abitz Tracey 
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND:
Effective analgesia after joint replacement allows for earlier mobilization, decreased length of stay, and reduced opioid use. The injection of the surgical area with ketorolac (Toradol) prior to closure has changed pain management in joint replacement surgery.

PURPOSE:
This retrospective research study examined the difference between patients who received periarticular injections of ketorolac versus those who did not. Postoperative outcomes were measured in the two groups.

METHODS:
Between January 2012 and December 2014, a random sample of 161 patient charts was reviewed to compare length of stay, distance ambulated in the first physical therapy (PT) session, and amount of opioids consumed.

RESULTS:
Ketorolac injected into the tissue prior to closure significantly impacted outcomes. Patients who received the injection had statistically significant shorter stays, ambulated further distances with their first PT session, and used fewer opioids on postoperative day 1.

CONCLUSION:
Periarticular ketorolac injections reduce pain and improve outcomes, which reduces healthcare costs.
Niraparib in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Authors: González-Martín Antonio , Pothuri Bhavana , Vergote Ignace , Christensen René DePont , Graybill Whitney , Mirza Mansoor R. , McCormick Colleen , Lorusso Domenica , Hoskins Paul , Freyer Gilles , Baumann Klaus , Jardon Kris , Redondo Andrés , Moore Richard G. , Vulsteke Christof , O'Cearbhaill Roisin E. , Lund Bente , Backes Floor , Barretina-Ginesta Pilar , Haggerty Ashley F. , Rubio-Pérez Maria J. , Shahin Mark S. , Mangili Giorgia , Bradley William H. , Bruchim Ilan , Sun Kaiming , Malinowska Izabela A. , Li Yong , Gupta Divya , Monk Bradley J. 
Published: January 2020

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2019;381:2391–2402)
The standard treatment for newly diagnosed advanced epithelial ovarian cancer involves cytoreductive surgery and platinum-taxane combination chemotherapy. Unfortunately, recurrence occurs in up to 85% of patients after completing this chemotherapy regimen.
Effect of Behavioral and Pelvic Floor Muscle Therapy Combined With Surgery Versus Surgery Alone on Incontinence Symptoms Among Women With Mixed Urinary Incontinence: The ESTEEM Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sung Vivian W. , Borello-France Diane , Newman Diane K. , Richter Holly E. , Lukacz Emily S. , Moalli Pamela , Weidner Alison C. , Smith Ariana L. , Dunivan Gena , Ridgeway Beri , Nguyen John N. , Mazloomdoost Donna , Carper Benjamin , Gantz Marie G. 
Published: January 2020

(Abstracted from JAMA 2019;322:1066–1076)
It is estimated that urinary incontinence (UI) affects up to 58% of women and has a significant negative impact on their quality of life. Mixed UI includes both stress and urgency incontinence and is present in up to half of women with UI.
Abortion Rights in Peril—What Clinicians Need to Know
Authors: Nash Elizabeth 
Published: January 2020

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2019;381(6):497–449)
Although attempts to ban abortion in the United States have been common since the 1973 Roe vs Wade and Doe vs Bolton decisions, 2019 has seen an unprecedented surge of abortion restrictions passed by states. The past 46 years have seen more than 1200 laws restricting abortion access put in place, despite continuous rulings by the Supreme Court affirming the constitutional right to abortion.
Endometriosis and Cumulative Live Birth Rate After Fresh and Frozen IVF Cycles With Single Embryo Transfer in Young Women: No Impact Beyond Reduced Ovarian Sensitivity—A Case Control Study
Authors: Feichtinger Michael , Nordenhök Emelie , Olofsson Jan I. , Hadziosmanovic Nermin , Rodriguez-Wallberg Kenny A. 
Published: January 2020

(Abstracted from J Assist Reprod Genet 2019;36:1649–1656)
Although endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age and 40% of infertile women, the physiological mechanism of how this chronic inflammatory disease affects fertility remains unclear. There is little consensus in the literature that IVF/ICSI outcomes are impacted by endometriosis.
A Case of Personal Identification Via Postmortem Computed Tomography Confirmation of Aphakic Eyes
Authors: Oshima Toru , Yoshikawa Hiroshi , Yoshitomi Takeshi , Ohtani Maki , Mimasaka Sohtaro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) is used commonly in forensic medicine. Postmortem computed tomography of the head provides information on the eyes and orbits and may reveal intraocular abnormalities. We present a case in which the identity of a deceased man was confirmed by the presence of aphakic eyes detected on PMCT. A decomposed body was found in a house and suspected to be a man in his 40s who lived alone. Autopsy identified pontine hemorrhage as the cause of death. Although signs of previous dental treatment were evident, the storage period of the householder's dental records had expired. He had no family members to provide DNA for a comparative DNA analysis. Postmortem computed tomography before autopsy revealed aphakia (ie, the absence of eye lenses) suggestive of previous ocular surgery. His medical records revealed that he had undergone ocular surgery for secondary glaucoma due to uveitis, which had resulted in artificial aphakia. Peripheral iridectomy scars fully matched the findings in his medical records, thus identifying the body. The unusual finding of artificial aphakia in a man in his 40s facilitated the personal identification in this case. In conclusion, PMCT provides additional information, and the correct interpretation of intraocular PMCT findings by forensic pathologists is crucial.
Stress
Authors: Oriot Denis , Trigolet Marine , Kessler David O. , Auerbach Marc A. , Ghazali Daniel Aiham 
Published: January 2020

Background
Stress may impair the success of procedures in emergency medicine. The aims were to assess residents' stress during simulated and clinical lumbar punctures (LPs) and to explore the correlation of stress and performance.

Methods
A prospective study (2013–2016) was carried out in a pediatric emergency department. A mastery training and subsequently a just-in-time training were conducted immediately preceding each clinical LP. Stress was self-assessed by the Stress-O-Meter scale (0–10). Performance (checklist 0–6 points) and success rate (cerebrospinal fluid with <1000 red blood cells/mm3) were recorded by a trained supervisor. A survey explored self-confidence and potential causes of stress.

Results
Thirty-three residents performed 35 LPs. There was no stress during simulation procedure. Stress levels significantly increased for clinical procedure (P < 0.0001). Performance was similar in simulation and in clinic (respectively, 5.50 ± 0.93 vs 5.42 ± 0.83; P = 0.75). Success significantly decreased during clinical LP (P < 0.0001). The 2 most reported stress-related factors were fear of technical errors and personal fatigue.

Conclusions
Performance scores and success rates in simulation are insufficient to predict success in clinical situations. Stress level and stress-related factors (fear of technical errors and personal fatigue) might be different in simulated or real conditions and consequently impact success of a technical procedure even if a high-performance score is recorded.
Out-of-Hospital Seizures in Children
Authors: Salmi Heli , Oulasvirta Jelena , Rahiala Eero , Kuisma Markku , Lääperi Mitja , Harve Heini 
Published: January 2020

Objectives
Seizures seem to represent a frequent cause for pediatric emergency medical (EM) and emergency room (ER) contacts, but few population-based data are available. Our aim was to study the incidence, prehospital and ER treatment, and outcomes of pediatric seizures necessitating out-of-hospital care.

Methods
We studied the out-of-hospital evaluation procedures, ER treatment, diagnostics and 2-year prognosis of all cases of pediatric (0–16 years) seizures encountered by the emergency medical services (EMS) in Helsinki, Finland, in 2012 (population 603,968, pediatric population 92,742); 251 patients were encountered by the EMS, of which 220 seen at the ER.

Results
The yearly incidence of pediatric seizures necessitating EMS activation was 2.8/1000 in the pediatric population. Febrile seizures were responsible for 97 (44.1%) of the cases transported to the ER. Only a minority of patients required advanced life support measures out-of-hospital or complex diagnostics in the ER. Still, of the 220 patients seen at ER, 68 (30.9%) were hospitalized, and 106 (48.2%) had follow-up contacts scheduled.

Conclusions
Pediatric seizures were a common cause for EM and ER contacts. Advanced life support measures were seldom needed, and the prognosis was good, but seizures still required considerable resources. They often resulted in urgent EM dispatch and transport, hospitalization, follow-up visits, new medication, and complementary studies. This emphasizes the role the EMS plays in recognizing and terminating pediatric seizures and in referring these children to appropriate care.
“Sim One, Do One, Teach One”
Authors: Holland Jaycelyn R. , Latuska Richard F. , MacKeil-White Kimberly , Ciener Daisy A. , Vukovic Adam A. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives
The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a simulation-based curriculum in improving confidence in trauma resuscitation skills and increasing attendance during trauma resuscitations for pediatric residents during their emergency medicine rotation.

Methods
A simulation-based orientation curriculum was implemented for the 2017–2018 academic year. Participants completed a qualitative survey before and after each session to assess their comfort level with skills required in a trauma resuscitation. Responses were compared using the Wilcoxon ranked sum test. Nursing documentation was reviewed for the 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 academic years to determine the frequency of resident attendance at trauma resuscitations. Pediatric resident attendance before and after intervention were compared via χ2 analysis.

Results
Survey responses showed a significant increase in confidence in all skills assessed, including primary and secondary survey performance, knowledge of pediatric resident role, knowledge of necessary equipment, ability to determine acuity of patient illness or injury, and ability to differentiate between modes of oxygen delivery (P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant change in the frequency of pediatric resident attendance at trauma bay resuscitations before and after curriculum implementation (21.2% vs 25.7%, P = 0.09).

Conclusions
Through the implementation of a simulation-based trauma orientation for pediatric residents, we were able to improve self-reported confidence in trauma resuscitation skills. This improvement did not result in an increased attendance at trauma resuscitations. Next steps include identifying additional barriers to pediatric resident attendance at trauma bay resuscitations.
Management of Toddler's Fractures
Authors: Jeganathan Kristine , Elangainesan Praniya , Kam April J. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives
The aim of this study was to examine and compare the efficacy of external fixation strategies of toddler's fracture (TF) in acute care settings. Specifically, we aim to identify whether immobilization optimizes clinical outcomes for patients (based on immobilization duration, time to weight-bear/ambulate, and associated complications) compared with nonimmobilization, with a systematic review.

Study Design
After PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines, 2 independent reviewers searched electronic databases OVID Medline, Embase, and CINAHL for studies evaluating the health outcomes of various treatment methods for TF (1937–2019). The studies were chosen based on specific inclusion criteria. The 2 reviewers were looking for primary research articles that assessed health outcomes (such as immobilization duration, time to weight-bear/ambulate, and associated complications) of various treatment strategies for TF Fractures in acute care settings.

Results
A total of 2385 articles were initially screened, reviewed, and then narrowed down to 6 studies for an in-depth analysis. Among these 6 studies, 5 were retrospective chart reviews and 1 was a cross-sectional online survey. A total of 565 patients from the retrospective chart reviews and 153 physicians from the cross-sectional online survey were further analyzed. The current evidence shows that there was no significant difference in clinical outcomes (ie, time to weight-bear and immobilization duration) between immobilization and nonimmobilization.

Conclusions
Further large-scale prospective studies examining the clinical outcomes of TF management techniques should be conducted to establish a consistent standardized guideline for TF treatment across acute care settings.
Taking the Pulse on Pediatric Simulation
Authors: Frey-Vogel Ariel , Rogers Amanda , Sparger Katherine , Mehta Renuka , Mirchandani-Shah Dipti , Mangold Karen , Mitchell Diana , Wood Amy 
Published: January 2020

Objectives
There is abundant literature on simulation use in individual pediatric residency programs but limited overall data on simulation in US pediatric residency programs. This study sought to determine how US pediatric residency programs use simulation for teaching and assessment and the challenges programs face in their use of simulation.

Methods
The Association of Pediatric Program Director's Healthcare Simulation in Pediatrics Learning Community members developed a 15-multipart question survey on the use of simulation in US pediatric residency programs using best practices in survey design. The survey was distributed electronically to US pediatric residency program directors. Qualitative questions were analyzed by content analysis and quantitative questions using descriptive statistics.

Results
The survey response rate was 21%; respondents were disproportionately from large academic medical centers. Qualitative analysis found that respondents use simulation to teach pediatric residents in the areas of urgent/emergent situations, procedures, and communication, and common challenges to simulation implementation are time, physical resources, expertise, competing priorities, logistics, and buy-in. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that, although respondents are largely confident that their simulation programs improve resident preparedness and competence, few objectively evaluate their simulation programs.

Conclusions
Pediatric residency programs use simulation for similar purposes and face similar challenges. By collaborating, the resources of the national pediatric simulation community can be leveraged to collect evidence for best practices for simulation use in pediatric residency training.
Blinded or Nonblinded Randomized Controlled Trials in Rehabilitation Research
Authors: Malmivaara Antti , Armijo-Olivo Susan , Dennett Liz , Heinemann Allen W. , Negrini Stefano , Arokoski Jari 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective
Some recent studies suggest that double blinding should not be considered a validity criterion in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on real-life circumstances. This study aims to assess whether blinding vs. nonblinding have been analyzed conceptually in the rehabilitation literature. Propositions on the role of blinding in RCTs on rehabilitation are presented based on the conceptual analysis.

Design
Study questions, literature search strategy, and inclusion and exclusion criteria for the original studies were formulated. A health science librarian carried out the literature search. Eligibility was assessed and data extraction was performed by two independent researchers.

Results
The literature search identified a total of 1052 citations, of which 13 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. None of the included studies answered our research questions, and thus we were unable to extract any relevant data.

Conclusions
The ideas on blinding vs. nonblinding in RCTs have not been considered in the rehabilitation research literature. This conceptual systematic review proposes that a physical therapy modality is a single core element, and when the study question is on effectiveness of this single core element itself, double blinding in an RCT is indicated. In all other RCTs in rehabilitation, double blinding is not indicated and double blinding should not be considered a criterion for the assessment of risk of bias.
Clinically Lymph Node Positive Prostate Cancer: At the Intersection of Focal and Systemic Disease Control
Authors: Reichert Zachery R. , Dess Robert T. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Clinically node-positive prostate cancer is often found at the time of diagnosis by cross-sectional imaging and remains poorly understood. Advanced imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging nanoparticles or positron emission tomography–based molecular imaging stand to rapidly change the field and hopefully will bring better diagnostic clarity. This will allow for prospective clinical trials using radiographic, clinical, or molecular parameters to establish who may benefit from both localized and systemic treatment intensification and who may avoid overtreatment. Recent advances in metastatic hormone-sensitive disease may offer clues, but direct studies for nodal disease patients remain.
Surrogate Endpoints in Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hartman Holly E. , Jackson William C. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Randomized clinical trials assessing novel therapies in men with localized prostate cancer frequently require large patient numbers and more than a decade of follow-up to demonstrate improvements in overall survival. As the landscape of treatment options for prostate cancer is rapidly changing, clinical trials requiring long follow-up threaten to impede treatment improvements and run the risk of results being obsolete by the time that they are reported in publication. To address these issues, there has been tremendous interest in identifying an intermediate clinical endpoint that can be assessed earlier in the disease course to serve as a robust surrogate for overall survival in men with localized prostate cancer. Herein we review the relevant data for surrogate endpoints in localized prostate cancer, highlighting the work performed by the Intermediate Clinical Endpoints in Cancer of the Prostate Working Group identifying metastasis-free survival as a valid surrogate for men treated for localized prostate cancer.