bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GESTÃO TERRITORIAL E O PROGRAMA DE INFRAESTRUTURA E SERVIÇOS (PROINF) NO MÉDIO SERTÃO DE ALAGOAS
Authors: Antero da Silva Juliana , Pereira Santos Priscila 
Published: July 2020

O objetivo geral desta pesquisa foi analisar a gestão territorial no Médio Sertão de Alagoas sob a perspectiva das ações dos Projetos de Infraestrutura e Serviços (PROINF). Este estudo tem como delineamento os seguintes procedimentos metodológicos, a saber: pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e pesquisa de campo. Observou-se maior participação dos atores sociais nas plenárias do Colegiado que tratavam das chamadas para o PROINF. Possivelmente, o PROINF é a chave de atração do Colegiado, no entanto, como força que atrai também pode apresentar força inversa. No Colegiado, o espaço de discussão torna-se arena de poder na tomada de decisões. O interesse de determinado grupo é evidenciado, o que possivelmente tende a excluir os grupos ou associações não participantes. A proposta de coletividade é sucumbida por um processo perverso e desagregador.
Palavras-chave: Agricultura familiar; PROINF; Gestão territorial; Médio Sertão; Alagoas.
Clinical Profile, Severity Pattern and Socio-demographic Risk Factors of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (ALRTI) in Children in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Chinawa Awoere , Chinawa Josephat , Nduagubam Obinna , Chukwu Bartholomew , Nwokoye Ikenna , Amadi Oge , Ndu Ikenna , Aronu Ann , Eze Joy 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) is a major public health
problem that causes significant morbidity and mortality and is the main reason for utilization of
health services among children.

Obectives:
The study aimed to evaluate the clinical profile, severity pattern, and sociodemographic
risk factors of ALRTI in hospitalized children under the age of five years in two tertiary hospitals in
South East Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study of children aged two months to five years in
two teaching hospitals in the country. They were evaluated for ALRTI, focusing on their clinical
profile and socio-demographic risk factors.

Results:
Two hundred children presented with features of ALRTI, mostly pneumonias and
bronchiolitis. ALRTI occurred throughout the year with a peak in October. The majority had severe
disease and risk factors for severity were infancy, type of ALRTI, presence of comorbidity and lack
of measles vaccination or vitamin A supplementation, and exposure to wood smoke. Fast breathing
was the most sensitive symptom, while breathlessness was the most specific for ALRTI.

Conclusion:
Bronchopneumonia and bronchiolitis are the most common ALRTI in under-five age
children with bronchopneumonia occurring in severe forms. Poor breastfeeding, infancy, poor rate of
immunization and exposure to biomass smoke are all risk factors for severity.
Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Ascites: The Role of Fluid Attenuation Values
Authors: Ştefan Paul-Andrei , Lebovici Andrei , Csutak Csaba , Mihu Carmen Mihaela 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Intraperitoneal fluid accumulations are a common matter in current clinical
practice, being encountered by most medical and surgical fields.

Objective:
To assess ascites fluid with attenuation values in the form of Hounsfield units (HU) in
order to determine a non-invasive differentiation criterion for the diagnosis of intraperitoneal collections.

Methods:
Sixty patients with known intra-peritoneal collections who underwent computed tomography
(CT) for reasons such as tumor staging, post-surgical follow-up or other indications, were
retrospectively included in this study. All subjects had a final pathological analysis of the fluid collections.
Two radiologists measured the attenuation values for each collection. The averaged values
were used for comparing benign and malignancy-related ascites (MRA), bland and hemorrhagic
ascites and infected and noninfected fluid collections by consuming the Mann–Whitney U test. Also,
the receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed for the statistically significant results
(P<0.05), and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.

Results:
Attenuation values could differentiate between benign and MRA (P=0.04; AUC=0.656;
sensitivity, 65.52%; specificity, 71.43%) but failed to distinguish between bland ascites and ascites
with hemorrhagic component (P=0.85), and between infected and noninfected fluid collections
(P=0.47).

Conclusion:
Although the results are statistically significant, the substrate of differentiation between
benign and MRA ascites cannot be clearly stated. As being the first study to investigate this
issue, it opens the way for other researches in the field to determine the dynamics of imaging quantitative
measurements according to the fluid’s pathological features.
Self-Assembled Amphotericin B Pharmacosome-Like Vesicles Derived from Lipid-Based Microtubes: A Model Carrier to Further Explore
Authors: Salerno Claudia , Cuestas Maria L. , Manco Karina , Chiappetta Diego A , Lucangioli Silvia E. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Self-assembled drug delivery systems are of much interest since they can be
produced by simple low cost and solvent-free procedures. Pharmacosomes are supramolecularstructured
nanocarriers with benefits for drug stability and targeting delivery. Amphotericin B (AmB)
still remains an important agent for the treatment of invasive mold infections, e.g invasive aspergillosis,
although the challenge for new formulations is still prevailing due to high rates of toxicity.

Objective:
We have previously reported the incorporation of AmB into 12-hydroxystearic acid lipidbased
microtubes (MTs) for topical use, herein we report the ability of AmB-MTs to self-assemble into
vesicles upon dilution.

Methods:
AmB-MTs with different drug concentrations (1, 3, 5 mg/ml) were prepared, and size determination
was carried out for different dilutions. Morphology was evaluated by microscopy. In vitro
cytotoxicity was evaluated in Vero cells and in vitro activity against Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus
flavus was assessed.

Results:
AmB-MTs closed upon dilution to form vesicles ranging from 200 nm to 1μm. AmB MIC
(Minimum inhibitory concentration) for both Aspergillus species was 0.0625 and 0.125 μg/ml for dispersion
and reconstituted lyophilized, respectively.

Conclusion:
AmB pharmacosome-like vesicles are smaller structures than MTs may thus be favourable
for other delivery routes. We assume that this kind of pharmacosomes-like carrier is a promising
model for the obtention of new vesicular carriers based on lipid MTs.
Preparation and Evaluation of Polymeric Microparticles of Human Recombinant IL-1 Receptor Antagonist by Spray Drying
Authors: Ubhe Anand , D’Souza Gerard G.M. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Formulating protein drugs into delivery systems with high drug loading is particularly
challenging. Another major hurdle for formulation processes generally used for protein drugs
is their scalability. In this article, we present the application of spray drying to prepare polymeric microparticles
of human recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 ra).

Objective:
The objective of this study was to formulate polymeric microparticles entrapping a therapeutic
protein, human recombinant IL-1 ra using a spray drying process.

Methods:
IL-1 ra was formulated using three polymers viz. gelatin, pectin, and sodium alginate by using
a spray drying process to produce polymer entrapped drug microparticles. A single drug to polymer
ratio was used in the three drug-polymer formulation combinations. The prepared microparticles were
evaluated for morphology by scanning electron microscopy, average particle size by dynamic light scattering
and drug entrapment efficiency by ELISA.

Results:
Microparticles of three drug-polymer combinations were prepared using the Buchi B-90 spray
dryer. The morphology of the three types of polymeric microparticles was found to be uniform by
scanning electron microscopy. The average particle size for the three formulations ranged from 1 to 2.2
μ with a low standard deviation implying narrow particle size distribution. The drug loading efficiency
ranged from 62 to 90 % W/W for the three formulations.

Conclusion:
The presented study demonstrates the feasibility of using spray drying to prepare morphologically
uniform polymer entrapped protein drug microparticles with high drug entrapment efficiency.
Method Validation for the Determination of Carbamazepine in Spiked-saliva Using HPLC-UV for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Application
Authors: Wibowo Ari , Ningrum Vitarani D.A. , Ilhamy Rahma N. 
Published: July 2020

Background::
Carbamazepine has been used in the treatment of bipolar disorder,
both in acute mania and maintenance therapy, particularly in developing countries. Not only
its interaction with various drugs and auto-inducer nature, but the narrow therapeutic
range of carbamazepine also makes monitoring necessary to guarantee the adequacy of its
safety and therapeutic concentration. To date, the most common biological specimen used
for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) purposes is still plasma, but saliva can become an
alternative biological matrix since its level in saliva strongly correlates with carbamazepine
plasma concentration.

Objective::
This study validated the bioanalytical method parameters used for carbamazepine
in spiked-saliva in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) criteria
in the Guidance for Industry Bioanalytical Method Validation.

Methods:
HPLC-UV detector was employed at 285 nm λ with methanol: water: glacial
acetic acid (65:34:1) as the mobile phase and C8 as the stationary phase (4.6x150 mm; 5 μm).

Results::
The linearity test in a range of 0.0 - 5 μg/mL carbamazepine concentration resulted
in a correlation coefficient of 0.999 with 0.20 μg/mL LoD, 0.30 μg/mL LLoQ, and 0.61
μg/mL LoQ. The coefficient of variation and 0iff in the selectivity, accuracy, and precision
parameters remained below 20%, indicating fulfillment of the criteria for a bioanalytical
method, while the average % recovery was more than 90%.

Conclusion::
The currently-developed bioanalytical method has fulfilled the stipulated validation
criteria to be used for determining carbamazepine concentration in spiked-saliva as
an alternative method for relative bioequivalence studies or TDM application in a clinical
setting.
Lifestyle and Health promotional Guidelines in Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Patients from the Viewpoint of Persian Medicine
Authors: Jamalizadeh Hossein , Ahmadi Bijan , Setayesh Mohammad , Sharififar Fariba , Ansari Mehdi , Shahesmaelli Armita , Tajadini Haleh 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder. Considering its unknown etiology, the aim
of IBS treatment is to control symptoms, and most patients are dissatisfied with current treatments. The World Health Organization (WHO) has emphasized, in its latest announcement in this regard, on the safe and effective use of traditional
and complementary medicine in the health structures of countries
The aim of the present study was to investigate the lifestyle of IBS patients from the perspective of Persian Medicine.

Methods:
This is a library study. At first symptoms of IBS were first studied in databases and reference books of classical
medicine and their Persian equivalents were extracted from PM sources. Then, we explained the total etiologies that were
discussed for the occurrence of the causes, with respect to the principles of health care in PM. finally collected information was categorized and analyzed.

Results:
Iranian physicians have presented their views on health preservation and disease prevention in the form of the six
core principles. The influence of diet and lifestyle, sleep disturbances, eating habits, and physical activity have been found
to be effective in causing this disease.

Discussion:
Many of the guidelines given by PM for preservation and restoration of health are incorporated into lifestylerelated topics. Some of these recommendations and guidelines such as sleep, exercise, regular meals, and treatment of
mental disorders have been supported with a number of new studies.

Conclusion:
Introducing PM strategies to control the symptoms or treatment of IBS may provide researchers with new
clues.
Kajian Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Wahyudi Vritta Amroini , Octaviana Laurent , Sutrisno Sutrisno 
Published: July 2020

Processed products derived from mushrooms have been found and enjoyed by the community. One of the edible mushrooms used as traditional medicinal ingredients andalso, functional food is oyster mushrooms. Although oyster mushrooms have often been studied even using sophisticated instruments, some chemical laboratories that do not yet have sophisticated instruments still need literature data in the process of separation until pure isolates are obtained. This research was conducted to be the solution. The study uses descriptive methods by collecting data from the results of extraction, characterization, identification, and testing of antioxidant activity. Characterization includes retention factor (Rf) from elution of thin-layer chromatography (TLC), determination of melting point (to determine the purity of isolates), and solubility test (to determine the nature of polarity). The identification of isolates was done by analyzing the results of Infrared and UV-Vis spectra. Phytochemical studies of white oyster mushrooms can be done based on secondary metabolite screening, separation by extraction, and fractionation using organic solvents. Based on phytochemical screening, white oyster mushrooms are known to positively contain flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids. The crude extract had an absorbance of 0.669 at 274 nm, the chloroform fraction had an absorbance of 0.827 at 267 nm, and pure isolates had an absorbance of 0.628 at 282 nm. A spectrum with a maximum wavelength of> 210 nm indicates a conjugated system. The longer the conjugated system, the more inactive in the UV region of 200- 360 nm (UV) but more active in the 360-729 nm (Visible) region (Worsfold et al, 2019). UV-Vis spectrum of methanol extract, chloroform fraction, and pure isolate showed wave crests in the region> 210 nm so that all three were shown to have a conjugated system.
USO DE ANIMAIS COMO ALTERNATIVA NO TRATAMENTO PALIATIVO: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Canadas Costa Maria Carolina , Monteiro de Paula Gabriela , Santana Bianca , Dias Lopes Martins Marcela , Figueiredo de Brito Resende Rodrigo 
Published: July 2020

A terapia assistida por animais (TAA) é a modalidade terapêutica onde o animal é a parte principal do tratamento, com supervisão profissional, objetivando promover a melhora social, emocional, física e/oucognitiva de pacientes humanos. Este artigo visa identificar, através de uma revisão de literatura, os benefícios da utilização da TAA na saúde humana, assim como as espécies usadas nas modalidades de terapia. Os resultados apontaram a possibilidade de implantação da TAA em configurações diversas como hospitais, casas de repouso, clínicas ou escolas e demonstraram o potencial benéfico dessa intervenção para a reabilitação física, mental e emocional.Palavras-Chave: Terapia assistida por animais; Paliativo; Zooterapia. ABSTRACTAnimal-assisted therapy (TAA) is the therapeutic modality where the animal is the main part of the treatment, with professional supervision, aiming to promote the social, emotional, physical and / or cognitive improvement of human patients. This article aims to identify, through a literature review, the benefits of using TAA on human health, as well as the species used in the modalities of therapy. The results pointed out the possibility of implementing TAA in different configurations such as hospitals, nursing homes, clinics or schools and demonstrated the beneficial potential of this intervention for physical, mental and emotional rehabilitation. Key words: Animal-assisted therapy; Palliative; Zootherapy.
RELIGIOUS FACTOR COVARIATE ON SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A COMPARATIVEANALYSIS BETWEEN GENDER
Authors: Ismail Khaizir Hj 
Published: July 2020

This research examines the issue of substance abuse among first year students of National University of Malaysia. A total of 1000 students aged 18 until 23 years old comprising 271 male and 729 female students were involved in the study. To measure the level of tendency to abusedrugs, SASSI-2(Substance Abuse Subtle Screening), a psychology measuring instrument was used, containing 8 scales which are Family friends risk, Attitude, symptom, Obvious attributes, subtle attributes, Defensiveness, Supplemental addiction measure dan Correctional. Meanwhile, religiosity instrument is used for the purpose of measuring the practice of religious duties. From the independent sample t-test and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) conducted, differences in the pattern of substanceabuseamong male and female students were identified. The result of multivariate analisis covariate test (MANCOVA)showed that religiosity can be a determining factor in the tendency of students to be involved in substance abuse
PENGELOLAAN PENDIDIKAN MADRASAH ALIYAH: TELAAH TERHADAP PERATURAN MENTERI PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL NO. 19 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG STANDAR PENGELOLAAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Akhyar Yundri 
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, the management of Madarasah Aliyah is not maximal yet. The quality of its management is still under of SMU. In fact, there is UU SIKDIKNAS eliminating the discrimination between the secular and religious education. This law is explained in PP. NO. 19 in 2005 about the standardization of national education. But it does not improve the quality of MA. This regulation is described in a detailed explanation in PP. NO. 19 in 2007 about the standardization of education’s management. This clearly explain the management of MA, including the implementation of MA’s programs, funding, ethics, supervision, evaluation, leadership of MA, and information access. These are done based on independence, partnership, participation, transparency, and accountability. Therefore, the management of MA should be effective and efficient.
Optimalisasi Pemanfaatan Kincir Air Terapung Untuk Mensuplai Kebutuhan Air Sawah Tadah Hujan Di Nagari Rajo Dani Tanah Datar
Authors: Nurdin Hendri , Hasanuddin Hasanuddin , Irzal Irzal , Waskito Waskito 
Published: July 2020

Kebutuhan air yang banyak seringkali menimbulkan permasalahan bagi manusia karena merupakan kebutuhan hidup. Air juga tidak terlepas dengan sektor pertanian, terutama tanaman padi sebagai sumber pokok pangan masyarakat Indonesia. Daerah Kabupaten Tanah Datar terkenal dengan hasil pertaniannya berupa padi. Lumbung padi di daerah di daerah ini adalah Nagari Padang Ganting yang terletak di dataran tinggi. Daerah ini memiliki lahan pertanian persawahan tadah hujan yang penghidupan masyarakatnya sebahagian besar adalah sebagai petani sebagai penghasilan utamanya. Berdasarkan hasil survei yang dilakukan pada masyarakat kelompok tani Makam Tuan Kadhi dan Tangah Koto di Nagari Rajo Dani, diperoleh informasi tentang permasalahan kekurangan air untuk persawahan. Dari ungkapan tersebut sehingga dipilih solusi untuk menerapkan kincir air terapung yang dapat menggerakkan pompa untuk mensuplai kebutuhan air persawahan. Dengan pemanfaatan air sungai sebagai potensi sumber energi dalam menggerakkan kincir air sebagai tenaga penggerak pompa dinilai tepat untuk mengatasi permasalahan petani. Hasil dari kegiatan ini berupa penerapan rancang bangun kincir air terapung bagi kelompok masyarakat tani Nagari Rajo Dani Padang Ganting untuk mengatasi kebutuhan persawahan. Kinerja kincir air terapung yang diterapkan memiliki efisiensi sebesar 85% sehingga kapasitas kerja pompa dalam mensuplai air sebesar 5,68 m3/hari. Dampak nyata bagi masyarakat dirasakan dengan meningkatkan produktifitas panen dan kesejahteraan yang lebih baik.
Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Digital Marketing Dalam Pengembangan Pemasaran Dan Kewirausahaan UKM Pada Kota Sawahlunto
Authors: Farell Geovanne , Thamrin Thamrin , Novid Igor 
Published: July 2020

Digital marketing telah berkembang dengan sangat pesat sejak penggunaan Internet yang tinggi. Tingkat penggunaan ini dipicu dengan kehadiran smartphone dengan harga yang sangat terjangkau. Tetapi penggunaan digital marketing tidak banyak disadari oleh pelaku bisnis, terutama para UKM di kota Sawahlunto. Kebanyakan UKM di kota ini beranggapan bahwa digital marketing merupakan tempat untuk terjadinya transaksi, hal ini berbeda jauh dengan pengertian sebenarnya dari digital marketing. Karena digital marketing ini merupakan pemanfaatan semua sumberdaya yang berada pada Internet sebagai tempat pemberian informasi mengenai produk-produk yang dimiliki oleh UKM. Sumberdaya yang dimanfaatkan oleh UKM tidak hanya sebatas pada situs pemasaran, tetapi juga termasuk media sosial yang dimiliki oleh UKM tersebut. Media sosial yang digunakan untuk digital marketing tidak hanya tertumpu pada media sosial yang sengaja dibuat untuk UKM, juga media sosial yang dimiliki oleh pegawai/karyawan dari UKM tersebut. Sehingga pemasaran produk memiliki jangkauan yang lebih luas, dan dengan demikian penjualan produk dari UKM yang berada pada kota Sawahlunto juga meningkat.
Pelatihan Keterampilan Membangun Bisnis (Wirausaha) Bengkel Sepeda Motor Secara Mandiri Bagi Siswa SMK
Authors: Setiawan Dedi , Saputra Hendra Dani , Chaniago Muslim 
Published: July 2020

Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan serta kompetensi bagi siswa SMK di Kabupaten Solok Selatan dalam membangun usaha bengkel sepeda motor secara mandiri. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa menjadi hambatan dan kendala dalam mendirikan sebuah bengkel sepeda motor. Kegiatan PKM ini dimulai dengan memberikan pre-test untuk melihat seberapa pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa. Selanjutnya diberikan pelatihan tentang pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam membangun bisnis (wirausaha) bengkel sepeda motor. Selanjutnya diakhir pelatihan akan diberikan lagi post test tentang pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam membangun bisnis (wirausaha) bengkel sepeda motor. Akhir dari pelatihan diberikan post-test kepada siswa. Post-test bertujuan untuk melihat ada atau tidaknya peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemantapan skill serta kompetensi siswa mengenai berbagai hal tentang pendirian sebuah bengkel sepeda motor. Sehingga akhir dari pelatihan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kompetensi siswa dalam membangun usaha bengkel. Hasil dari PKM menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan dan kompetensi siswa dalam membangun bisnis (wirausaha) bengkel sepeda motor.
Teknologi Blended Learning dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Inggris Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP)
Authors: Arifin Syaadiah Maula , Ilyas Hamzah Puadi , Ani Aida Fitri 
Published: July 2020

Pada saat ini teknologi berkembang dengan sangat pesat. Perkembangan ini dapat dimanfaatkan guru untuk kegiatan pembelajaran melalui teknologi Blended Learning. Salah satu bentuk dari teknologi ini adalah melalui M-Learning (Mobile Learning) yang dapat membantu siswa untuk belajar di mana saja dan kapan saja. Penyuluhan ini diadakan di daerah Cilamaya Jawa Barat sekitar 150 km dari Jakarta. Pesertanya berjumlah 8 orang guru dari berbagai SMP. Tujuan utama dari Pengmas ini adalah untuk memberikan penyuluhan penggunaan aplikasi yang terdapat dalam telepon genggam yaitu Line untuk meningkatkan kemampuan Bahasa Inggris siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini adalah: Power Point, contoh Rpp/ lesson plan, dan diskusi interaktif. Pada penyuluhan dihari kedua peserta diharuskan membawa contoh RPP/ lesson plan sederhana yang mereka buat sendiri dan akan dipraktekan di aplikasi Line. Melalui program pelatihan ini diharapkan guru dapat menyelesaikan bahan mata pelajaran tepat waktu dan memberikan tambahan pelajaran dengan cara yang lebih menarik dan interaktif. Para peserta pelatihan tidak mengalami kesulitan memahami apa yang sudah dijelaskan oleh nara sumber mengenai pembuatan RPP/ lesson plan. Peserta antusias dalam mengikuti semua kegiatan dan akan mempraktekannya dalam mengajar.Kata kunci: blended learning, Applikasi Line, English teaching