bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empowerment of Small Businesses through The Implementation of Qardhul Hasan Financing
Authors: Machfudz Masyhuri , Kamila Nahdhiatun 
Published: January 2020

The research aims to describe Qardhul Hasan financing and recognize the problems faced in micro businesses in the city of Malang. The study was conducted on two research objects. The first study was on a used motorcycle dealer business that received Qardhul Hasan during the 2016-2018 period. The second study in 2019, was the implementation of Qardhul Hasan in small-scale creative economy traders, whose source of funding came from 2.5 percent of profits from used motorcycle dealers. The results showed that the implementation of Qardhul Hasan financing was quite profitable. Qardhul Hasan who is allocated to the creative economy group indicates a feeling of happiness and calm because loan repayments are not burdened with costs, besides having flexibility from the time of repayment. Economic actors managed to collect savings from repaying loan installments. Qardhul Hasan funding received a reasonably good response from economic actors. Qardhul Hasan loan recipients should be able to maintain trust and uphold the agreements that have been built. This study has implications for the development of Qardhul Hasan, namely strengthening the concept of Qardhul Hasan as loan financing, and strengthening groups for small businesses to run the Qardhul Hasan management mechanism JEL Classification: D14, Q21, G51
MUHASEBEDEKİ ELEKTRONİK GELİŞMELERİN MUHASEBE MESLEK ETİĞİNE ETKİSİ: KIRIKKALE İLİNDEKİ MUHASEBE MESLEK MENSUPLARININ BAKIŞ AÇISI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: ÇITAK Fatma , DERYA BASKAN Tuba 
Published: January 2020

Çalışma, anket uygulaması yöntemiyle
muhasebede elektronik gelişmelerin muhasebe meslek etiği davranışına etkisi ile
ilgili Kırıkkale Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavirler Odasına kayıtlı muhasebe
meslek mensuplarının görüşlerinin tespit edilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Sonuç
olarak, katılımlarının %56'ı e-dönüşüm uygulamalarının meslek etiği davranışını
etkileyeceğini, %72'sinin e-dönüşüm uygulamasının mesleki özeni
destekleyeceğini, %56'sı e-dönüşüm uygulamalarında çalışanların altyapı
eksikliğinin muhasebe meslek etik davranışını etkilediğini, %55'i ise
çalışanlara e-dönüşümle ilgili eğitim verilmemesinin muhasebe meslek etiği
anlayışını etkilediğini ifade etmişlerdir. Ayrıca yapılan faktör analizi
sonucunda 15 değişken 3 faktör tarafından açıklanabileceği belirlenmiş ancak
demografik özelliklere göre herhangi bir farklılık tespit edilememiştir.
Existe-t-il une plus-value du lactate artériel comparé au lactate veineux dans la prise en charge des patients infectés aux urgences ?
Authors: Contenti J. , Occelli C. , Lemoel F. , Levraut J. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: La mesure du lactate est une étape cruciale dans l’évaluation des patients septiques aux urgences. Bien que la référence soit le prélèvement artériel, celui-ci est inadapté à la médecine d’urgence, et le prélèvement veineux semble être une alternative potentielle. Ce travail s’est intéressé à décrire la concordance entre Lact-A et Lact-V, et à comparer l’apport pronostique du Lact-A comparativement au Lact-V chez les patients infectés aux urgences.Matériels et méthode: Étude de cohorte prospective observationnelle menée au centre hospitalier universitaire de Nice entre 2015 et 2017. Ont été inclus les patients présentant une suspicion d’infection avec au moins deux critères cliniques de SIRS. Le lactate a été mesuré de manière concomitante par prélèvement veineux et artériel.Résultats: Au total, 354 couples Lact-A/Lact-V ont été analysés. Le biais moyen entre les valeurs artérielles et veineuses était de 0,65 ± 0,89 mmol/l, avec des limites d’agrément à 95 % de –2,4 + 1,1 mmol/l. Un Lact-V supérieur à 2,3 mmol/l permettait de confirmer un Lact-A supérieur à 2 mmol/l avec une sensibilité de 94,1 % (IC 95 % : [87,8– 97,3]) et une spécificité de 91,7 % (IC 95 % : [87,6–94,5]). De plus, un Lact-V inférieur à 2 mmol/l permettait de confirmer un Lact-A inférieur à 2 mmol/l avec une VPP de 99 %. L’apport pronostique du Lact-V était globalement similaire au Lact-A mais restait relativement faible.Conclusion: La lactatémie veineuse apporte des arguments équivalents pour l’évaluation pronostique des patients infectés aux urgences. Par ailleurs, un Lact-V inférieur à 2 mmol/l permet d’affirmer un Lact-A normal permettant de surseoir au prélèvement artériel.
Surgical treatment of mechanical complications following acute myocardial infarction. A Case Series.
Authors: Bucaj Jorgjia , Prifti Edvin 
Published: January 2020

Background: Acute myocardial infarction can result in ischemic, mechanical, arrhythmic, embolic or inflammatory complications. Despite high operative mortality, the lack of an effective and immediate medical alternative makes the surgery repair the mainstay of current management for these patients. Novel surgical approaches are presented to manage these complications.
Main body: Mechanical complications presented at the Department of Cardiac Surgery-Tirana University Medical Centre consisted in nine cases during the period January 2008-June 2018: two anterolateral papillary muscle rupture cases (22%), one posteromedial papillary muscle rupture case (11%), two ventricular septal rupture cases (22%), one free ventricle wall rupture case (11%), three chordae tendineae rupture cases (33%), four out of nine patients (44,5%) underwent concomitant CABG intervention. Intra operator mortality is estimated 11% (one out of nine cases). The Department of Cardiac Surgery-Tirana University Medical Centre is limited only in open surgery techniques for repair the post myocardial infarction mechanical complications. To our personal view key reasons for these results are conditioned from lack of medical devices, trained stuff, reliable short and long outcome data from alternative procedures in order to incorporate thus in our daily practice. Further studies should be undertaken not only to create a precise image of the situation, but also to evaluate the results of the possible changes.
Key words: Acute myocardial infarction, mechanical complications, papillary muscle rupture, ventricular septal rupture, free ventricle wall rupture, CABG intervention.
Safety in Road Comunication and Role of Pre –Hospital Emergency Service
Authors: Bajrami Isuf 
Published: January 2020

Traffic accidents are leading cause of death in the most productive age group - 20-45 years of age. 20 - 50 milion people in the world are left with injuries and disability caused by traffic accidents.
Half of those who loose their life in traffic accidents are active participants - pedestrians, bicycle and motorcycle drivers. Unless preventive measure are taken, it is expected that by year 2030, traffic accidents with be the 7-th leading cause of death in the world. Large number of traffic accidents is caused by a variety of factors and the result is a relatively large number of victims left with disability and material loss. This number can be lowered with proper laws and practices.
A very rare complication of an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Primary Aortoduodenal Fistula without gastrointestinal bleeding.
Authors: Xhepa Sokol , Bejko Ervin , Kosovrasti Denis , Sopiqoti Marsela , Llazo Stavri , Xhemali Astrit , Vila Frenki , Xhelili Eliona 
Published: January 2020

An abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) is an enlargement of the lower part of the aorta that extends through the abdominal area.The diameter of the aneurismatic vessel is represented by 3 cm or more in either anterior – posterior , or transverse planes.
The developpement of Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex, multifactorial process involving destructive remodeling of aortic wall connective tissue. Four interrelated factors involved in this process include: (1) chronic inflammation associated with neovascularization and increased proinflammatory cytokine production, (2) increased and dysregulated production of matrix-degrading proteinases, (3) destruction of structural matrix proteins, and (4) decreased medial smooth muscle cell (SMC) presence, resulting in impaired connective tissue repair. This understanding has developed from a characterization of human AAA tissue, as well as the use of different animal models that replicate human disease.
The mortality of ruptured AAA is set between 40 – 70% in patients that manage to arrive alive in the emergency room, and that of 90% in overall patients confirmed with rAAA in the autopsy results.
A ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) represents a disruption of a dilated aortic wall that leads to blood outside the aortic wall.
USING AUTOMATED BATTERY REPLACEMENT STATIONS FOR THE PERSISTENT OPERATION OF UAV-ENABLED WIRELESS NETWORKS DURING NPP POST-ACCIDENT MONITORING
Authors: Kliushnikov Ihor Mykolaiovych , Fesenko Herman Viktorovych , Kharchenko Vyacheslav Serhiiovych 
Published: January 2020

Motivation. After the Fukushima, nuclear power plant (NPP) accident, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless network (UEWN) is considered to be used for transmitting the data from monitoring stations (MSs) to the crisis center (CrS) during NPP post-accident monitoring missions. Nevertheless, the popular lightweight UAVs have an endurance of about 20–40 minutes only. The last fact presents a significant barrier to use a UEWN in complex, long-term NPP post-accident monitoring missions. The subject matter of the paper is the process of ensuring the persistent operation of UEWN. This paper aims to propose an approach to ensuring the persistent operation of UEWN during NPP post-accident monitoring missions via automatic battery replacement stations (ABRSs). The objectives of the paper are: to propose a scheme of deployment of a UEWN with ABRSs for the given scenario; to give an example of the proposed scheme application for persistent transmitting the data from a MS to the CrS during Zaporizhzhia NPP (ZNPP) post-accident monitoring missions; to discuss an example of the proposed scheme application. The following results were obtained. A simplified scheme of deployment of a UEWN with ABRSs for transmitting the data from the MS to the CrS during NPP post-accident monitoring missions was developed and described. Two segments within the UEWN were considered: 1) Wi-Fi segment, comprising the WiFi equipment of the MS, the onboard WiFi equipment of the UAVs of a multi-rotor type (MUAVs), and onboard WiFi equipment of the UAV of an airplane-type (AUAV); 2) LoRaWAN segment, comprising the LoRaWAN equipment of the AUAV and the LoRaWAN equipment of the CrS. An example of deployment of a UEWN with ABRSs for transmitting the data from an MS of ZNPP to the CrS was given and described. A shift schedule for 2 MUAV fleets ensuring the persistent operation of the UEWN during post-accident ZNPP monitoring missions was built and analyzed. It was evaluated how the flight distance for the MUAV between its location point in the WiFi segment and the ABRS effects: the duty time for the MUAV fleet; the waiting time for the MUAV to flight to the point of its location in the WiFi segment; the number of the MUAV fleets for ensuring the persistent operation of the UEWN. The new research will aim at developing a scheme of deployment of the UEWN with ABRSs for several WiFi segments
ОСЦИЛОГРАФІЧНИЙ МЕТОД ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ФАЗОВОГО ЗСУВУ НА БАЗІ ДВОНАПІВПЕРІОДНОГО ПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ
Authors: Губін Сергій Вікторович , Тишко Сергій Олександрович , Забула Олег Євгенович , Черниченко Юрій Миколайович 
Published: January 2020

The subject matter of the article is the oscilloscope methods of measuring the phase shift of two harmonic signals, after carrying out their two-half-period transformation and summing. The goal is to develop ways to implement an oscilloscope method of measuring the phase shift of two harmonic signals, which will significantly reduce the component of measurement error caused by phase non-symmetry of the transmission channels, by reducing their length. Analyze the measurement error for each of the methods for determining the phase shift of two harmonic signals using their two-half-periodic transformation. The tasks: statement of measurement problem of determination of phase shift of two harmonic signals; analysis of known oscilloscope methods of phase shift measurement, development of methods for implementing the oscilloscope method based on the analysis of the characteristics of the total signal obtained during the two-half-period transformation; estimation of measurement errors for each method. The methods used are the methodology for estimating measurement errors in indirect measurements. The following results were obtained. Methods for implementing an oscilloscope measurement method using the total signal after a two-half-period transformation based on the analysis of temporal characteristics and local extrema of this signal are proposed. The list of measuring operations that implement each method is defined. The analysis of the components of measurement errors was performed and the degree of correlation was determined. Synthesized ratios for the calculation of measurement error. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is the following: an oscilloscopic method has been developed that will allow reducing substantially the component of the error caused by phase non-symmetry of the signal transmission channels; obtained ratios for the implementation of the oscilloscope measurement method using two-half-period conversion; obtained ratios to calculate the standard deviation of the total measurement error in each of the proposed methods.
Independence Conservation and Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Holloway Eric 
Published: January 2020

Leonid Levin developed the first stochastic conservation of information law, describing it as "torturing an uninformed witness cannot give information about the crime." Levin's law unifies both the deterministic and stochastic cases of conservation of information. A proof of Levin's law from Algorithmic Information Theory is given as well as a discussion of its implications in evolutionary algorithms and fitness functions.
Cohort fertility of Polish women, 1945–2015: the context of postponement and recuperation
Authors: Tymicki Krzysztof , Zeman Krystof , Holzer-Żelażewska Dorota 
Published: January 2020

The article is a follow-up and an extension to previously published papers by Holzer-Żelażewska & Holzer (1997) and Holzer-Żelażewska & Tymicki (2009). Fristly, we have added new cohorts to the cohort analysis based on the individual data from births registration for the years 2009–2015. Secondly, we have extended the scope of the study by taking into account the context of postponement and recuperation to analyses of cohort fertility of Polish women.
The approach applied to the fertility postponement and recuperation on the cohort data refers to the method which was originally proposed by Frejka (2011) and Lesthaeghe (2001) and further developed by Sobotka et al. (Sobotka et al., 2011). This method allows for calculation of fertility postponement and recuperation measures with respect to a benchmark cohort chosen as the one that first experiences an onset of the increase in the mean age of motherhood at first birth.
The results show the remarkable changes in the fertility patterns in Poland. The main driving forces behind the change in fertility patterns in Poland are related to the postponement of first births along with a relatively good recuperation. The magnitude of recuperation for Polish cohorts dropped significantly for second births and was almost non-existent for third and higher births. Therefore, the pattern of fertility in Poland observed till 2015 could be characterized by postponement and recuperation of first births along with a significant decrease in second births with perpetual postponement of third and higher births.
Serum immunoglobulins and anti-pneumococcal antibody levels in patients with bronchiectasis of unknown aetiology
Authors: Norhazlin Mustafa , Wahab Asrul Abdul , Hamid Mohd Faisal Abdul , Hamid Hamzaini Abdul , Harunarashid Husyairi 
Published: January 2020

Background: Bronchiectasis is a chronic condition which can result in significant physical and social morbidity. The exact prevalence in Malaysia is unknown although several studies have shown a higher prevalence in the Asian population. Several causative factors have been identified but there are many patients with unknown aetiologies. This study looks into the level of serum immunoglobulins and antipenumococcal antibody in bronchiectasis patients where they were not part of prior routine investigations.
Methodology: Four hundred fifteen bronchiectasis patients were screened and 26 patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled for this study. The serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) concentrations were measured using nephelometry and interpreted according to age-matched reference range. The integrity of antibody production against specific antibody to capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae were assessed using ELISA method and the level of ≥ 10mg/L is considered as reactive.
Results: The twenty six bronchiectasis patients have the mean age of 62 years and a predilection of female gender. Majority of patients presented with typical bronchiectasis symptoms which were further supported by radiological findings. One of 26 patients (4%) had low total serum IgG level. The vaccinated group has higher anti-pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide antibody level (median: 224.2 mg/L) compared to the unvaccinated group (median: 100.4 mg/L). However there is no statistical difference between the anti-PCP levels of both groups (p> 0.05). All of the selected patients had reactive specific antibody to capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae regardless of the vaccination status, which may reflect the natural acquisition of anti-pneumococcal immunity.
Conclusion: Although immunoglobulin deficiency is an uncommon aetiological cause of bronchiectasis, the immunoglobulin parameters can be helpful in selecting patients who should receive the appropriate treatment of immunoglobulin therapy for the prevention of subsequent complications and better quality of life.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.200-207
Factors Influencing the Subjective Symptoms of Submandibular Gland Sialolithiasis
Authors: Min Hyun Jin , Lee Sei Young , Yang Hoon Shik , Kim Kyung Soo 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting subjective symptoms, especially pain and swelling in submandibular gland sialolithiasis.
Methods: We analyzed the computed tomographic (CT) findings of submandibular gland sialolithiasis (stone size/location/ number) and assessed white blood cell (WBC) (neutrophil/absolute neutrophil count) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) to elucidate the correlation with subjective symptoms, especially swelling and pain.
Results: Of the 82 patients, 45had a solitary stone. Thirty seven patients experienced pain and 73 patients had swelling. The number, location and size of the calculi were not associated with symptoms, especially pain and swelling. From logistic regression analysis, WBC (p=0.048) and the percentage of neutrophils (p=0.027) were associated with the presence of pain, but not swelling.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to observe that both the location and size of stone are not significantly related to subjective symptoms, especially pain and swelling in submandibular gland sialolithiasis.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.240-244
Emotional Substrates in Neuroticism: The Reactions to Arousal-evoking Stimuli of Various Strengths
Authors: Yusoff Nasir , Reza Faruque , Anuar Nik NurAzhani , Ahmad Roslee 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Neuroticism is a medical condition associated with negative affect and is considered to predispose one to mental disorders. This study examined the effectsof arousal-evoking stimuli of various strengths on the severity of neuroticism.
Materials and Methods: In the Event Related Potential (ERP)/electroencephalograph (EEG) recording session that was held at the Clinical Neuroscience Laboratory at a local hospital, Electroencephalogram was recorded in 58 participants (N=29 for moderate neuroticism and 29 for mild neuroticism) after they were screened for the severity of the neurotic trait. Universal emotional pictures were chosen randomly from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) and were used as visual stimuli in the experiment. Visual stimuli weredivided into three categories (high, moderate, low) based on the IAPS normative mean values of arousal.
Results: The significant interaction effect of P300 latency between neuroticism and arousal strength was found in the mid-frontal region. Meanwhile, independent of neuroticism, the main effects of arousal strength of the P300 (amplitude and latency) and N200 (latency) were observed in the mid-central region.
Conclusion: There is a significant interaction between the severity of neuroticism and the emotional arousal strength, thus, points to the implication of the emotion process in the brain rewards system especially among individuals with neuroticism.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.262-267
Mothers Initial Challenges Having Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders in Bangladesh
Authors: Upoma Tanjina Farhana , Moonajilin Mst Sabrina , Rahman Md Estiar , Ferdous Most Zannatul 
Published: January 2020

Background: Autism, one of the most widespread problems in the world, is rising alarmingly in Bangladesh day by day. Over the most decade autism has become one of the most visible and articulated social issues in Bangladesh. Besides, in our country, journey of a mother with a special child is a challenge.
Objectives: To find out the experiences and challenges of mothers having children with ASDs.
Materials and Methods: The study was based on case study method where 20 mothers were selected purposively from Dhaka division. Data was collected using an open ended questionnaire and in depth interviews.
Results: In this study though majority of the mothers reported having a typical pregnancy with little or no complications. Majority of the mothers had no knowledge about autism before. The average age of children when they diagnosed was 2.9 years. In response to their initial reactions to diagnosis of their child, mothers reported the following emotional states: shock, depression, self-blamed, sadness. Prayer was a clear coping strategy for parents of an autistic child. Most of the mothers reported passing many days with depression and frustration. All the mothers were satisfied with the activities of the current special school.
Conclusion: Mothers reported about their most challenging part of raising their autistic child were to manage their hyperactivity and social interaction. They realize a strong familial and social support are necessary as it was found as a key factor in adjusting and coping a mother to her challenging life with her autistic child.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(2) 2020 p.268-272