bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vibration improves gait biomechanics linked to posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis following anterior cruciate ligament injury
Authors: Blackburn Troy , Padua Darin A. , Pietrosimone Brian , Schwartz Todd A. , Spang Jeffrey T. , Goodwin Jonathan S. , Dewig Derek R. , Johnston Chris D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) incurs a high risk of posttraumatic knee osteoarthritis (PTOA). Aberrant gait biomechanics contribute to PTOA and are attributable in part to quadriceps dysfunction. Vibration improves quadriceps function following ACLR, but its effects on gait biomechanics are unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of whole‐body vibration (WBV) and local muscle vibration (LMV) on gait biomechanics in individuals with ACLR. Seventy‐five volunteers (time since ACLR 27 ± 16 months) were randomized to WBV, LMV, or Control interventions. Walking biomechanics were assessed prior to and following a single exposure to the interventions. Outcomes included pre‐post change scores in the ACLR limb for the peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and its loading rate, peak internal knee extension (KEM) and abduction moments, and peak knee flexion and varus angles. LMV produced a significant decrease in the vGRF loading rate (−3.6 BW/s) that was greater than the changes in the WBV (−0.3 BW/s) and Control (0.5 BW/s) groups. Additionally, WBV produced an increase in the peak KEM (0.27% BW × Ht) that was greater than the change in the Control group (−0.17% BW × Ht) but not the LMV group (0.01% BW × Ht). Lower KEM and greater loading rates have been linked to declines in joint health following ACLR. WBV acutely increased the peak KEM and LMV decreased loading rates. These data suggest that vibration has the potential to mitigate aberrant gait biomechanics, and may represent an effective approach for reducing PTOA risk following ACLR.
A group additivity methodology for predicting the thermochemistry of oxygen‐containing organosilanes
Authors: Janbazi H. , Schulz C. , Wlokas I. , Wang H. , Peukert S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA combinatorial approach was applied to devise a set of reference Si–C–O–H species that is used to derive group‐additivity values (GAVs) for this class of molecules. The reference species include 62 stable single‐bonded, 19 cyclic, and nine double‐bonded Si–C–O–H species. The thermochemistry of these reference species, that is, the standard enthalpy of formation, entropy, and heat capacities covering the temperature range from 298 to 2000 K was obtained from quantum chemical calculations using several composite methods, including G4, G4MP2, and CBSQB3, and the isodesmic reaction approach. To calculate the GAVs from the ab initio based thermochemistry of the compounds in the training set, a multivariable linear regression analysis is performed. The sensitivity of GAVs to the different composite methods is discussed, and thermodynamics properties calculated via group additivity are compared with available ab initio calculated values from the literature.
Changes of Laryngeal and Extralaryngeal Symptoms and Findings in Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Patients
Authors: Lechien Jérôme R. , Bobin Francois , Muls Vinciane , Mouawad Francois , Dapri Giovanni , Dequanter Didier , Horoi Mihaela , Thill Marie‐Paule , Rodriguez Ruiz Alexandra , Saussez Sven 
Published: August 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess the evolution of laryngeal and extralaryngeal symptoms and findings of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) throughout a 3‐month to 9‐month treatment.Study DesignProspective Controlled Study.MethodsOne hundred twenty‐seven LPR patients and 123 healthy individuals were enrolled from four European hospitals. Patients were managed with a 3‐month personalized treatment considering the LPR characteristics at the impedance‐pH monitoring. Regarding the clinical therapeutic response, treatment was adapted for 3 to 6 additional months. Symptoms and findings were assessed throughout the therapeutic course with the Reflux Symptom Score (RSS) and the short version of the Reflux Sign Assessment (sRSA). The relationship between patient and reflux characteristics, symptoms, and findings was assessed.ResultsOne hundred twenty‐one LPR patients completed the study. LPR patients exhibited more laryngeal and extralaryngeal symptoms and findings than healthy individuals. RSS significantly improved from baseline to 6 weeks posttreatment and continued to improve from 3 months to 6 months posttreatment. sRSA significantly improved from baseline to 3 months posttreatment. No further improvement was noted at 6 months posttreatment for pharyngeal and oral findings. Laryngeal findings continued to improve from 3 months to 6 months posttreatment. There was a significant association between patient stress level and RSS (P = .045). At 3 months posttreatment, 28.1% of patients had high or complete response, whereas 47.1% required 6 months or 9 months of treatment. Overall, 24.8% of patients had an LPR chronic course.ConclusionsLaryngeal and extralaryngeal symptoms and findings significantly improved throughout treatment in LPR patients. The improvement of laryngeal findings was slower. Regarding the low prevalence of some digestive or otolaryngological symptoms, a short version of the RSS could be developed.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:1332–1342, 2021
Optical Metasurfaces for Generation and Superposition of Optical Ring Vortex Beams
Authors: Han Jin , Intaravanne Yuttana , Ma Aning , Wang Ruoxing , Li Songtao , Li Zhancheng , Chen Shuqi , Li Jensen , Chen Xianzhong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe helical phase structure of a twisted light beam has attracted big interest in both fundamental science and practical applications. A facile metasurface approach to generate and manipulate ring vortex beams is reported and experimentally demonstrated. The generation of ring vortex beams is realized by combining the functionalities of an axicon, a vortex beam generator and a beam deflector onto a single reflective metasurface, which consists of nanorods with spatially variant orientations sitting on a silicon dioxide layer in the middle and a gold layer at the bottom. By controlling the polarization state of the incident light, the superposition of ring vortex beams is continuously tuned. The unique property of the developed device renders this technology very attractive for polarization detection and quantum science related applications.
One‐Year Functional and Anatomical Outcomes After Selective Retina Therapy With Real‐Time Feedback‐Controlled Dosimetry in Patients With Intermediate Age‐Related Macular Degeneration: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kim Minhee , Park Young Gun , Roh Young‐Jung 
Published: August 2020

Background and ObjectivesThis pilot study sought to evaluate changes in macular function and drusen volume (DV) after selective retina therapy (SRT) in patients with intermediate age‐related macular degeneration (iAMD).Study Design/Materials and MethodsTwenty participants with bilateral iAMD were included in this prospective interventional case series study. After titrating pulse energy by real‐time feedback‐controlled dosimetry, SRT with a wavelength of 527 nm was applied around the macula of one eye of each patient. Changes in best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA), DV within the central 5‐mm ring (C5), and retinal sensitivity (RS) of the SRT‐treated eyes (treated eyes) and untreated fellow eyes (untreated eyes) were evaluated at baseline and then at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after treatment using linear mixed models.ResultsThe mean BCVA did not change significantly between baseline and 12 months in both treated and untreated eyes (P = 0.06, P = 0.24, respectively), whereas the BCVA increase rate was faster for treated than for untreated eyes at the 12‐month visit (–0.072 logMAR; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.085 to −0.059 logMAR; P = 0.006). The mean cube root transformation of DV (cube root DV) within C5 in the untreated eyes increased significantly from 0.278 ± 0.115 at baseline to 0.295 ± 0.132 mm (P = 0.027) at 12 months, whereas the cube root DV change in treated eyes was not significant (P = 0.553). The rate of increase in the cube root DV was lower in treated than in untreated eyes at the 12‐month visit (−0.016 mm; 95% CI, −0.018 to −0.011 mm; P = 0.015). The mean RS was increased from 22.49 ± 2.40 dB to 24.09 ± 2.19 dB (P < 0.001) in the treated eyes, whereas the change of mean RS in the untreated eyes was not significant at the 12‐month visit (P = 0.18). The treated eyes had a higher rate of increase in RS than untreated eyes at the 12‐month visit (1.012 dB; 95% CI, 0.776–1.251 dB; P = 0.037). The RS change was significantly associated with the interaction between SRT treatment and time (P = 0.028), whereas it was not associated with cube root DV change (P = 0.106). No SRT‐related adverse effects were observed in all participants during the 1‐year follow‐up.ConclusionSince SRT improved the mean RS and reduced the rate of change in drusen load in the treated eyes, as compared to the untreated eyes, SRT might slow the progression of iAMD. However, further large randomized clinical trials are necessary to confirm the efficacy of SRT for iAMD. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Hydroxyapatite‐Incorporated Composite Gels Improve Mechanical Properties and Bioactivity of Bone Scaffolds
Authors: Suvarnapathaki Sanika , Wu Xinchen , Lantigua Darlin , Nguyen Michelle A. , Camci‐Unal Gulden 
Published: August 2020

AbstractReinforcing polymeric scaffolds with micro/nanoparticles improve their mechanical properties and render them bioactive. In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) is incorporated into 5% (w/v) gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels at 1, 5, and 20 mg mL−1concentrations. The material properties of these composite gels are characterized through swelling, degradation, and compression tests. Using 3D cell encapsulation, the cytocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation of preosteoblasts are evaluated to assess the biological properties of the composite scaffolds. The in vitro assays demonstrate increasing cell proliferation and metabolic activity over the course of 14 d in culture. Furthermore, the scaffolds support osteogenic differentiation of the microencapsulated preosteoblasts. For the in vivo study, the composite scaffolds are subcutaneously implanted in rats for 14 d. The histological staining of the explanted in vivo samples exhibits the functional advantages of the scaffold's biocompatibility, biodegradability, and integration into the existing host tissue. This work demonstrates the enhanced mechanical and biological performance of HA‐gelatin composite hydrogels for bone tissue engineering applications.
Oceanic Environmental Effects on American Eel Recruitment to the East River, Chester, Nova Scotia
Authors: Jessop Brian M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The effect of oceanic environmental conditions on the recruitment of American Eel Anguilla rostrata to coastal waters is poorly understood. This study examined correlations between the annual elver count index of the East River, Chester, Nova Scotia, seasonal oceanic environmental conditions associated with the larval and glass eel stages, and larval and glass eel migration times between the spawning area and continental recruitment. In recent years, the elver fishery of the East River has started earlier in conjunction with increasing inshore, continental shelf, and Gulf Stream water temperatures, with the strength of the correlation decreasing with distance from shore. A northward shift of the Gulf Stream may also have contributed to earlier arrival dates. Annual elver index values increased over the study period but were not significantly correlated with any atmospheric or oceanic environmental conditions, perhaps due to a relatively short time series, although effect sizes (correlation coefficient r) were often medium, a level potentially considered of biological importance. Elver mean lengths varied annually with no trend and were not significantly correlated with the elver index. Significant correlations occurred between the North Atlantic Oscillation and Sargasso Sea primary productivity (lag of 0) and Emerald Basin (Scotian Shelf) water temperatures (lag of –5), while Scotian Shelf chlorophyll values decreased with increasing water temperatures (lag of –3). The mean migration period from spawning to stream entrance at the East River was estimated at 1.2 years, mostly spent growing in and ultimately leaving the Sargasso Sea, then crossing oceanic and continental shelf waters between the Gulf Stream and coastal streams, with a short period of transport along the Gulf Stream. The estimate of total migration period based on observed recruitment times at various sites and the mean of the estimated spawning period averaged 45.5% greater than those estimated from otolith methods, perhaps due to the effect on otolith daily ring deposition during glass eel migration in oceanic water temperatures &lt;10ºC between the Gulf Stream and coast.
Carbon‐nanotube‐loaded planar gas and humidity sensor
Authors: Ge Wenping , Pei Lei , Liu Yajun , Baktur Reyhan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper reports a gas and humidity sensor design with improved sensitivity. The design is based on a planar antenna loaded with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Sensing is achieved by the conductivity change of the CNT film when exposed to various gases or humidity levels. The sensitivity improvement was achieved by replacing a portion of the patch conductor at the dominant edge with a strip of CNT film, and accordingly having the CNT film exercise the maximum effect on the antenna's radiation. The fabricated sensor was tested in a sealed chamber by filling the chamber with several different gases and then with water vapor. The experimental results were excellent, and the gas sensing capability of the CNT‐loaded patch antenna was better than previously reported designs. The sensor was designed for 2.4 GHz so that it can easily be compatible with Wi‐Fi and Bluetooth devices, and the sensor geometry can be easily scaled to other frequencies, which shows great promise for applications of the proposed wireless sensor in environmental monitoring and weather forecasting.
Impact of sequence type and field strength (1.5, 3, and 7T) on 4D flow MRI hemodynamic aortic parameters in healthy volunteers
Authors: Wiesemann Stephanie , Schmitter Sebastian , Demir Aylin , Prothmann Marcel , Schwenke Carsten , Chawla Ashish , von Knobelsdorff‐Brenkenhoff Florian , Greiser Andreas , Jin Ning , Bollache Emilie , Markl Michael , Schulz‐Menger Jeanette 
Published: August 2020

Purpose4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D‐MRI) allows time‐resolved visualization of blood flow patterns, quantification of volumes, velocities, and advanced parameters, such as wall shear stress (WSS). As 4D‐MRI enters the clinical arena, standardization and awareness of confounders are important. Our aim was to evaluate the equivalence of 4D flow‐derived aortic hemodynamics in healthy volunteers using different sequences and field strengths.Methods4D‐MRI was acquired in 10 healthy volunteers at 1.5T using three different prototype sequences, at 3T and at 7T (Siemens Healthineers). After evaluation of diagnostic quality in three segments (ascending‐, descending aorta, aortic arch), peak velocity, flow volumes, and WSS were investigated. Equivalence limits for comparison of field strengths/sequences were based on the limits of Bland‐Altman analyses of the intraobserver variability.ResultsNon‐diagnostic quality was found in 10/144 segments, 9/10 were obtained at 7T. Apart for the comparison of forward flow between sequence 1 and 3, the differences in measurements between field strengths/sequences exceeded the range of agreement. Significant differences were found between field strengths/sequences for forward flow (1.5T vs. 3T, 3T vs. 7T, sequence 1 vs. 3, 2 vs. 3 [P < .001]), WSS (1.5T vs. 3T [P < .05], sequence 1 vs. 2, 1 vs. 3, 2 vs. 3 [P < .001]), and peak velocity (1.5T vs. 7T, sequence 1 vs. 3 [P > .001]). All parameters at all field strengths/with all sequences correlated moderately to strongly (r ≥ 0.5).ConclusionData from all sequences could be acquired and resulting images showed sufficient quality for further analysis. However, the variability of the measurements of peak velocity, flow volumes, and WSS was higher when comparing field strengths/sequences as the equivalence limits defined by the intraobserver assessments.
Assessment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms where an undiagnosed neurological disease is suspected: A report from an International Continence Society consensus working group
Authors: Roy Holly A. , Nettleton Jeremy , Blain Camilla , Dalton Catherine , Farhan Bilal , Fernandes Ailton , Georgopoulos Petros , Klepsch Sabine , Lavelle John , Martinelli Evangelista , Panicker Jalesh N. , Radoja Ivan , Rapidi Christina‐Anastasia , Pereira e Silva Ricardo , Tudor Katarina , Wagg Adrian S. , Drake Marcus J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimLower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are a common urological referral, which sometimes can have a neurological basis in a patient with no formally diagnosed neurological disease (“occult neurology”). Early identification and specialist input is needed to avoid bad LUTS outcomes, and to initiate suitable neurological management.MethodsThe International Continence Society established a neurological working group to consider: Which neurological conditions may include LUTS as an early feature? What diagnostic evaluations should be undertaken in the LUTS clinic? A shortlist of conditions was drawn up by expert consensus and discussed at the annual congress of the International Neurourology Society. A multidisciplinary working group then generated recommendations for identifying clinical features and management.ResultsThe relevant conditions are multiple sclerosis, multiple system atrophy, normal pressure hydrocephalus, early dementia, Parkinsonian syndromes (including early Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy) and spinal cord disorders (including spina bifida occulta with tethered cord, and spinal stenosis). In LUTS clinics, the need is to identify additional atypical features; new onset severe LUTS (excluding infection), unusual aspects (eg, enuresis without chronic retention) or “suspicious” symptoms (eg, numbness, weakness, speech disturbance, gait disturbance, memory loss/cognitive impairment, and autonomic symptoms). Where occult neurology is suspected, healthcare professionals need to undertake early appropriate referral; central nervous system imaging booked from LUTS clinic is not recommended.ConclusionsOccult neurology is an uncommon underlying cause of LUTS, but it is essential to intervene promptly if suspected, and to establish suitable management pathways.
A discontinuous and adaptive reduced order model for the angular discretization of the Boltzmann transport equation
Authors: Hughes Alexander C. , Buchan Andrew G. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThis article presents a new adaptive reduced order model for resolving the angular direction of the Boltzmann transport equation, based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and the method of snapshots. It builds upon previous methods of applying POD to the angular dimension, with modifications to increase accuracy and solver stability. Previous methods used continuous global functions spanning the whole sphere. The new approach, discontinuous POD (DPOD), partitions the surface of the sphere into angular regions, each with an independent set of POD basis functions. Combined, these can approximate flux distributions which span the sphere using optimized basis functions for each angular region. In addition, a novel implementation of adaptive angular resolution known as adaptive discontinuous POD (ADPOD) is presented, which allows the number of DPOD basis functions to vary by angular octant and spatial element. DPOD and ADPOD are applied to two problems in order to demonstrate their benefits compared with POD. Both are shown to reduce the number of solver iterations required to find a solution and decrease the error in the angular flux.
Research on the individualized short‐term training model of nurses in emergency isolation wards during the outbreak of COVID‐19
Authors: Zhou Min , Yuan Fei , Zhao Xiaolong , Xi Fanjie , Wen Xianxiu , Zeng Li , Zeng Wenbo , Wu Haiyan , Zeng Hui , Zhao Ziyu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo explore an effective personalized training model for nurses working in emergency isolation wards of COVID‐19 in a short period.DesignThis study is a longitudinal study from 24 January 2020 to 28 February 2020.MethodsThere are 71 nursing staff working in the emergency isolation wards of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital that participated in this study. The questionnaires were conducted with Likert scale. The operation assessment teachers have received standardized training. The self‐rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self‐rating depression Scale (SDS) were applied to assess the mental state of nurses.ResultsAfter short‐term training, these nurses can handle the emergency tasks in a timely manner. The pass rate of nurse theory and operation assessment is 100%. The 111 suspected patients admitted to the emergency isolation ward have been scientifically diagnosed and treated, the three confirmed patients have received appropriate treatment. No nurses have been infected.ConclusionsIn this study, the personalized emergency training mode was feasible in the emergency isolation ward during the COVID‐19 epidemic, which rapidly improved the rescue ability of nurses and effectively avoid the occurrence of cross‐infection. This mode can provide a valuable reference for the emergency training of nurses in the future.
The Impacts of Paid Family Leave Benefits: Regression Kink Evidence from California Administrative Data
Authors: Bana Sarah H. , Bedard Kelly , Rossin‐Slater Maya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe use 10 years of California administrative data with a regression kink design to estimate the causal impacts of benefits in the first state‐level paid family leave program for women with earnings near the maximum benefit threshold. We find no evidence that a higher weekly benefit amount (WBA) increases leave duration or leads to adverse future labor market outcomes for this group. In contrast, we document that a rise in the WBA leads to an increased likelihood of returning to the pre‐leave firm (conditional on any employment) and of making a subsequent paid family leave claim.