bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of H2O2 and K2S2O8 as Oxidizing Agents for Accelerated Corrosion Testing
Authors: Parker Mary E. , Repasky Russell , Shrivastava Srishti , Kelly Robert G. 
Published: February 2020

In this work, the application of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) in accelerated corrosion testing was considered. H2O2 is already used as an accelerant in the standard immersion test ASTM G110, and K2S2O8 is an oxidizing agent that shows promise for corrosion testing applications. A Koutecky-Levich approach was used to investigate the cathodic kinetics of both oxidizing agents as well as dissolved oxygen (O2). Cathodic kinetics for O2, H2O2, and S2O82− were faster when measured on a platinum electrode than when measured on an AA2060-T3 electrode. This difference was attributed to the additional limit to cathodic kinetics posed by the protective oxide film on aluminum. H2O2 was a more potent accelerant than K2S2O8 at a concentration of 0.1 M due to the faster cathodic kinetics of H2O2 on aluminum. However, K2S2O8 was more convenient to use in a laboratory setting due to its stability during storage. The severity of tests using K2S2O8 was increased by lowering the solution pH to 2.28. At the low solution pH, cathodic kinetics and extent of attack increased.
Glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase 1 (GDE1) acts as a potential tumor suppressor and is a novel therapeutic target for non-mucin-producing colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shen Qiu , Lu Chao , Yang Hua , Ge Ming-Xia , Xia Wang-Xiao , Kong Qing-Peng , Li Gong-Hua , Gu Yan-Hong 
Published: February 2020

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) represents a major public health issue due to its high incidence and mortality. As different histological subtypes of COAD are related to various survival outcomes and different therapies, finding specific targets and treatments for different subtypes is one of the major demands of individual disease therapy. Interestingly, as these different subtypes show distinct metabolic profiles, it may be possible to find specific targets related to histological typing by targeting COAD metabolism. In this study, the differential expression patterns of metabolism-related genes between COAD (n = 289) and adjacent normal tissue (n = 41) were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. We then used weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to further identify metabolism-related gene connections. To determine the critical genes related to COAD metabolism, we obtained 2,114 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 12 modules. Among them, we found the hub module to be significantly associated with histological typing, including non-mucin-producing colon adenocarcinoma and mucin-producing colon adenocarcinoma. Combining survival analysis, we identified glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase 1 (GDE1) as the most significant gene associated with histological typing and prognosis. This gene displayed significantly lower expression in COAD compared with normal tissues and was significantly correlated with the prognosis of non-mucin-producing colon adenocarcinoma (p = 0.0017). Taken together, our study showed that GDE1 exhibits considerable potential as a novel therapeutic target for non-mucin-producing colon adenocarcinoma.
Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of reference genes for fruit development ofEuscaphis konishii
Authors: Yang Cheng-Long , Yuan Xue-Yan , Zhang Jie , Sun Wei-Hong , Liu Zhong-Jian , Zou Shuang-Quan 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundQuantitativereal-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction is the common method to quantify relative gene expression. Normalizating using reliable genes is critical in correctly interpreting expression data from qRT-PCR.Euscaphis konishiiis a medicinal plant with a long history in China, which has various chemical compounds in fruit. However, there is no report describing the selection of reference genes in fruit development ofEuscaphis konishii.MethodsWe selected eight candidate reference genes based on RNA-seq database analysis, and ranked expression stability using statistical algorithms GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and ReFinder. Finally, The nine genes related to the anthocyanin synthesis pathway of Euscaphis konishii were used to verify the suitability of reference gene.ResultsThe results showed that the stability of EkUBC23, EkCYP38 and EkGAPDH2 was better, and the low expression reference genes (EkUBC23 and EkCYP38) were favourable for quantifying low expression target genes, while the high expression reference gene (EkGAPDH2) was beneficial for quantifying high expression genes. In this study, we present the suitable reference genes for fruit development of Euscaphis konishii based on transcriptome data, our study will contribute to further studies in molecular biology and gene function onEuscaphis konishiiand other closely related species.
Brexpiprazole and Sertraline Combination Treatment in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Davis Lori L. , Behl Saloni , Lee Daniel , Zeng Hui , Skubiak Taisa , Weaver Shelley , Hefting Nanco , Larsen Klaus Groes , Hobart Mary 
Published: December 2024

ImportanceNew pharmacotherapy options are needed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of brexpiprazole and sertraline combination treatment (brexpiprazole + sertraline) compared with sertraline + placebo for PTSD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a parallel-design, double-blind, randomized clinical trial conducted from October 2019 to August 2023. The study had a 1-week, placebo run-in period followed by an 11-week, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled, parallel-arm period (with 21-day follow-up) and took place at 86 clinical trial sites in the US. Adult outpatients with PTSD were enrolled (volunteer sample).InterventionsOral brexpiprazole 2 to 3 mg per day (flexible dose) + sertraline 150 mg per day or sertraline 150 mg per day + placebo (1:1 ratio) for 11 weeks.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was change in Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) total score (which measures the severity of 20 PTSD symptoms) from randomization (week 1) to week 10 for brexpiprazole + sertraline vs sertraline + placebo. Safety assessments included adverse events.ResultsA total of 1327 individuals were assessed for eligibility. After 878 screen failures, 416 participants (mean [SD] age, 37.4 [11.9] years; 310 female [74.5%]) were randomized. Completion rates were 137 of 214 participants (64.0%) for brexpiprazole + sertraline and 113 of 202 participants (55.9%) for sertraline + placebo. At week 10, brexpiprazole + sertraline demonstrated statistically significant greater improvement in CAPS-5 total score (mean [SD] at randomization, 38.4 [7.2]; LS mean [SE] change, −19.2 [1.2]; n = 148) than sertraline + placebo (randomization, 38.7 [7.8]; change, −13.6 [1.2]; n = 134), with LS mean difference, −5.59 (95% CI, −8.79 to −2.38; P &amp;lt; .001). All key secondary and other efficacy end points were also met. Treatment-emergent adverse events with incidence of 5% or greater for brexpiprazole + sertraline (and corresponding incidences for sertraline + placebo) were nausea (25 of 205 [12.2%] and 23 of 196 [11.7%]), fatigue (14 of 205 [6.8%] and 8 of 196 [4.1%]), weight increase (12 of 205 [5.9%] and 3 of 196 [1.5%]), and somnolence (11 of 205 [5.4%] and 5 of 196 [2.6%]). Discontinuation rates due to adverse events were 8 of 205 participants (3.9%) for brexpiprazole + sertraline and 20 of 196 participants (10.2%) for sertraline + placebo.Conclusions and RelevanceResults of this randomized clinical trial show that brexpiprazole + sertraline combination treatment statistically significantly improved PTSD symptoms vs sertraline + placebo, indicating its potential as a new efficacious treatment for PTSD. Brexpiprazole + sertraline was tolerated by most participants, with a safety profile consistent with that of brexpiprazole in approved indications.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04124614
Learning Disabilities and the Adult Learner
Authors: Ross‐Gordon Jovita M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTApproximately one‐quarter of the adult population self‐reports having one or more disabilities. Expanding adult and continuing education access for individuals with disabilities is an important dimension of striving to make our programs more inclusive. Thus, it is crucial that adult and continuing educators have a basic understanding of the types of disability that relate most directly to adult learning. This article reviews key definitions, models of disability, and legal requirements related to adult disability. It also takes a more focused look at the literature on several types of disabilities, along with approaches that have been taken over time to develop the learning skills and strategies of individuals with these disabilities and restructure learning environments to make them more accessible. This information should be considered a starting point. Making needed changes will require continuing commitment from teachers, trainers, and program administrators.
Spatiotemporal spinal cord stimulation with real‐time triggering exoskeleton restores walking capability: a case report
Authors: Liu Penghao , Cheng Yuanchen , Xu Zhuofan , Li Xiaoyu , Chen Zan , Duan Wanru 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveMotor recovery is challenging for spinal cord injury (SCI), especially in low‐level SCI.MethodsA 16‐year‐old patient with complete SCI at T12 presented flaccid paralysis and inability to control defecation and was scored as ASIA A at admission. The patient underwent spinal cord stimulation (SCS) implantation at the T11‐L1, followed by an innovative algorithm combining spatiotemporal SCS with real‐time triggered exoskeleton training (EXS‐SCS).ResultsAfter 1 month of treatment, she gained substantial improvement in her iliopsoas and quadriceps femoris muscle strength to grade 3–4 as well as percutaneous EMG, allowing for assisted standing and walking, and was reassessed as ASIA C.InterpretationThis case reveals the potential of SCS‐EXS regimen in restoring walking capability of SCI patients.
Functionalized Bone Implant Inspired by Lattice Defense Strategy: Grid Management, Precise and Effective Multiple‐Prevention of Osteomyelitis Recurrence and Promote Bone Regeneration
Authors: Zhang Bo , Zhang Hao , Sun Yani , Chen Lei , Sun Kaixin , Zhang Yuming , Hu Xiaofan , Zhao Kang , Wu Zixiang , Tang Yufei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOsteomyelitis with a high recurrence rate. Timely‐prevention can avoid severe consequence and death. However, conventional drug response‐release has the disadvantages of unnecessary release and waste, causing ineffective prevention. Inspired by “Lattice‐defense technology”, gridding lesion areas and constructing a “Triggered‐precise response‐release system” may be an effective multiple‐prevention method. Here, a new strict pH‐triggered response drug controlled‐release mechanism was proposed innovatively to construct a “Triggered‐precise response‐release system” and achieve multiple‐effective prevention. PO43−‐Ce3+ strict pH responsive release system is prepared through simultaneous hydration reaction of solution‐polymerization and compounded in bone‐implant. The dispersed system only targets micro‐interface contact areas, achieving gridded management of the lesion site. In a normal environment, Ce3+ is captured by PO43− and kept electrostatic‐attraction balance, ensuring the zero‐concentration Ce3+ release continuously. Once osteomyelitis recurs and pH decrease, H+ at the interface will combine with PO43− under electrostatic drive and disrupt potential balance, achieving the release of Ce3+ only when the infection recurs. In vivo experiments was confirmed effective prevention and excellent promote bone regeneration. The adoption of “Lattice defense technology” has achieved accuracy spatiotemporal of drug delivery. Even if other lesion sites unfortunately recur again, effective‐prevention can be guaranteed. Bone‐implant show great potential in preventing osteomyelitis.
Development of Marine‐Degradable Poly(Ester Amide)s with Strong, Up‐Scalable, and Up‐Cyclable Performance
Authors: Park Sung Bae , Kwak Hojung , Lee Dohoon , Shin Giyoung , Jang Min , Jung Hyuni , Jeon Hyeonyeol , Kim Hyo Jeong , Park Jeyoung , Oh Dongyeop X. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBiodegradable polyesters provide an attractive alternative to non‐degradable plastics but often encounter a tradeoff between biodegradability and mechanical properties because esters are rotational and lack hydrogen bonds. Conversely, natural polyamides, i.e., silk exhibit excellent mechanical strength because amides are non‐rotational and form hydrogen bonds. Unlike esters, the nitrogen in amides can enhance microbial biodegradation. However, protein engineering exhibits limited productivity, and artificial polyamides, i.e., nylon remain non‐degradable due to their hydrophobic nature. Herein, a method is proposed for developing poly(ester amide)s (PEA)s, a polyester and polyamide hybrid, to address prevailing production challenges. These materials are synthesized from upcycled monomers in a 10 L reactor and converted into films and yarns. They achieve a tensile strength of 109 MPa and tenacity of 5.0 g de−1, while withstanding ironing temperatures. They achieve a remarkable 92% marine biodegradability in 12 months, which is rarely attained by current bioplastics, and exhibit low environmental impact in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. While biodegradable polyesters have remained within the performance range of commodity plastics, PEAs fall into the high‐performance category, potentially reaching markets that existing biodegradable plastics have not, such as fishing lines and clothing.
A Comprehensive Review of the Pseudo‐Two‐Dimensional (P2D) Model: Model Development, Solutions Methods, and Applications
Authors: Hussain Arif , Mao Zhiyu , Li Mei , Ahmed Moin , Xu Wenting , Zhang Jing , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecently, a paradigm shift toward the tremendous use of portable and mobile consumer products is observed and it consequently increases the battery demand. Currently, lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are used in almost all kinds of devices, however, the increased usage of LIBs raises some safety concerns. For safe operation, it is necessary to investigate the all important chemical and physical features of LIBs. Several mathematical models are proposed such as equivalent circuit models (ECMs), physics‐based ECM and electrochemical models (EMs). Among them pseudo‐two‐dimensional (P2D) model is most famous and comprehensive physics‐based EM and used frequently to study the battery electrochemical phenomena. Hence, the focus of this review work is to summarize the reported literature on the P2D model governing laws, its simplified models, coupled models, solution techniques, parameter analysis, and its applications. The literature survey shows that the P2D and its simplified models are very helpful to analyze the important aspects of LIBs such as state of charge, state of health, recycling, battery manufacturing and design etc. Also, it can be seen that no single model can be fit to study every aspect of LIBs and design a comprehensive battery management system (BMS) but different models can be used to address the specific applications.
Sensitivity of difficult‐to‐control Palmer amaranth accessions to fluridone and diflufenican
Authors: Souza Maria C. C. R. , Woolard Matthew C. , Norsworthy Jason K. , Avent Tristen H. , Barber L. Tom , Botelho Rodrigo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPalmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) has evolved resistance to herbicides targeting nine sites of action. Phytoene desaturase‐inhibiting herbicides remain among the few sites of action that are still effective in controlling Palmer amaranth. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of fluridone and diflufenican in controlling difficult‐to‐control Palmer amaranth accessions collected in Arkansas from 2016 to 2022, to quantify the response of three accessions that exhibited low sensitivity to both herbicides, and to evaluate the effectiveness of photosystem II inhibitors alone and with fluridone or diflufenican on three accessions. At 14 days after a preemergence application, Palmer amaranth control with fluridone and diflufenican ranged from 42% to 100% and 33% to 99% across 23 accessions, respectively. Three accessions required 10.2 to 26.7 times more fluridone than the susceptible Palmer amaranth standard based on LD50 values (where LD50 is the lethal dose to kill 50% of the population), with less than 50% mortality achieved with a 1x herbicide rate for two of the three accessions. For diflufenican, the LD50 values for the three accessions were 3.9–18.5 times greater than the susceptible standard. An additive response for mortality and biomass reduction resulted from adding fluometuron to fluridone at all rates tested. An additive or sometimes a synergistic response occurred with the combinations of metribuzin plus diflufenican. Overall, fluridone exhibited higher efficacy than diflufenican for most accessions tested. While phytoene desaturase‐inhibiting herbicides remain an effective control option for most Palmer amaranth accessions, herbicide mixtures targeting multiple sites of action remain essential for delaying resistance and obtaining effective control of this problematic weed.
Growth mechanism and process intensification of Ni‐Al‐layered double hydroxide synthesized via coprecipitation
Authors: Li Ying‐Jiao , Chen Yong , Liu Yue , Chu Guang‐Wen , Sun Bao‐Chang , Chen Jian‐Feng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis work systematically investigated the crystallization process of NiAl‐layered double hydroxide (NiAl‐LDH) with a Ni(II)/Al(III) ratio of 3 under different crystallization conditions. The results showed that the prepared NiAl‐LDH first exhibits sheet‐like morphology, which transforms into a hexagonal platelet with further growth. The lateral size and thickness of the prepared NiAl‐LDH are ~10–284 nm and ~2–31 nm, respectively. Based on the evolution of morphology, particle size and crystallinity, the growth mechanism of NiAl‐LDH was first proposed. The growth of NiAl‐LDH in the lateral dimension was governed by Ostwald ripening, while the increase in c direction was dominated by oriented particle attachment before precipitation and dissolution equilibrium. Afterward, the growth of NiAl‐LDH was dominated by the oriented particle attachment, leading to further growth of NiAl‐LDH. Moreover, a rotating packed bed (RPB) was first adopted to crystallize NiAl‐LDH. The results show that RPB can greatly enhance the growth of NiAl‐LDH.
Broad‐spectrum corrosion‐resistant nanofiltration membranes via reactive site‐bridged nanofibrous network
Authors: Cao Xue‐Li , Tian Tian , Bai Yong , Cui Chun , Luo Cong , Xing Jiang‐Shan , Chen Chuan‐Yu , Zhao Lili , Sun Shi‐Peng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTraditional nanofiltration membranes often struggle to maintain stability in harsh environments due to issues like swelling, chemical bond dissociation, and polymer chain creep. Fluoropolymers like poly(ethylene‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) (ECTFE) are promising substrate candidates for broad‐spectrum corrosion‐resistant nanofiltration (CRNF) membranes, but their solvent insolubility and hydrophobicity present significant processing challenges. This study harnesses the electrospinnability and abundant reactive sites of polyvinyl alcohol to create a reactive site‐bridged nanofibrous network. This network provides reactive sites to decorate the hydrophobic ECTFE substrate and bridges the molecular selective layer through aldolization, Schiff base reactions, and esterification. The resulting robust thin‐film nanofibrous composite membranes exhibit high rejection rates for small molecular dyes under a variety of harsh conditions, including exposure to 10 wt% H2SO4, 1 M NaOH, ethanol, N,N‐dimethylformamide, N‐methylpyrrolidone, and 80°C solutions. This work paves the way for designing next‐generation broad‐spectrum CRNF membranes, enhancing their applicability in diverse harsh environments.
Momentary Associations Across Specific Affective States and Dysregulated Eating Experiences Among Children and Adolescents With Loss of Control Eating Symptoms
Authors: Christian Caroline , Bell Victoria , Thomas J. Graham , Haedt‐Matt Alissa A. , Engel Scott G. , Hart Chantelle N. , Saletin Jared M. , Goldstein Stephanie P. , Cusack Claire E. , Goldschmidt Andrea B. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveDysregulated eating is common among youth and is associated with trait‐level negative affect and emotion regulation difficulties. Despite the transient nature of affect, momentary associations among affect and eating behavior are unclear, which limits development of more impactful treatment tools, such as “just‐in‐time” intervention approaches (JITAI). The current study (N = 62) drew from two ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies involving children and adolescents who endorsed loss of control (LOC) eating symptoms during a two‐week assessment period.MethodIntensive time series network analysis tested concurrent and prospective relationships across six specific affective states (i.e., upset, guilty, scared, tired, excited, attentive) and four eating‐related experiences (e.g., LOC, overeating, hunger, craving) in real time. Additionally, we repeated these models within demographic subgroups of the sample based on age, race, and sex.ResultsIn the full‐sample models, contemporaneously assessed guilt was associated with craving and LOC eating, and tiredness was associated with LOC eating. In the prospective analysis, tiredness was negatively predicted by LOC eating and positively predicted by overeating at the previous timepoint, and attentiveness positively predicted craving. Differences in affect‐eating relationships were identified across teens and preteens as well as male and female participants.DiscussionThese results suggest that specific affective states are associated with dysregulated eating‐related experiences in real time among youth, and associations may differ depending on demographic characteristics. Findings may be used to inform the development and tailoring of momentary interventions.