bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Far-field optical imaging of surface plasmons with a subdiffraction limited separation
Authors: Xiang Yifeng , Chen Junxue , Tang Xi , Wang Ruxue , Zhan Qiwen , Lakowicz Joseph R. , Zhang Douguo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
When an ultrathin silver nanowire with a diameter less than 100 nm is placed on a photonic band gap structure, surface plasmons can be excited and propagate along two side-walls of the silver nanowire. Although the diameter of the silver nanowire is far below the diffraction limit, two bright lines can be clearly observed at the image plane by a standard wide-field optical microscope. Simulations suggest that the two bright lines in the far-field are caused by the unique phase distribution of plasmons on the two side-walls of the silver nanowire. Combining with the sensing ability of surface plasmons to its environment, the configuration reported in this work is capable of functioning as a sensing platform to monitor environmental changes in the near-field region of this ultrathin nanowire.
Silicon–germanium receivers for short-wave-infrared optoelectronics and communications
Authors: Benedikovic Daniel , Virot Léopold , Aubin Guy , Hartmann Jean-Michel , Amar Farah , Le Roux Xavier , Alonso-Ramos Carlos , Cassan Éric , Marris-Morini Delphine , Fédéli Jean-Marc , Boeuf Frédéric , Szelag Bertrand , Vivien Laurent 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Integrated silicon nanophotonics has rapidly established itself as intriguing research field, whose outlets impact numerous facets of daily life. Indeed, nanophotonics has propelled many advances in optoelectronics, information and communication technologies, sensing and energy, to name a few. Silicon nanophotonics aims to deliver compact and high-performance components based on semiconductor chips leveraging mature fabrication routines already developed within the modern microelectronics. However, the silicon indirect bandgap, the centrosymmetric nature of its lattice and its wide transparency window across optical telecommunication wavebands hamper the realization of essential functionalities, including efficient light generation/amplification, fast electro-optical modulation, and reliable photodetection. Germanium, a well-established complement material in silicon chip industry, has a quasi-direct energy band structure in this wavelength domain. Germanium and its alloys are thus the most suitable candidates for active functions, i.e. bringing them to close to the silicon family of nanophotonic devices. Along with recent advances in silicon–germanium-based lasers and modulators, short-wave-infrared receivers are also key photonic chip elements to tackle cost, speed and energy consumption challenges of exponentially growing data traffics within next-generation systems and networks. Herein, we provide a detailed overview on the latest development in nanophotonic receivers based on silicon and germanium, including material processing, integration and diversity of device designs and arrangements. Our Review also emphasizes surging applications in optoelectronics and communications and concludes with challenges and perspectives potentially encountered in the foreseeable future.
Crystal structure of dichlorido-bis(1-hexyl-1H-benzotriazole-k1
N)zinc(II), C24H34N6Cl2Zn
Authors: Liu Xiao-jing , Liu E. , Jin Ze-shen , Li Zhuang-yu , Jian Fang-fang , Liang Tong-ling 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C24H34N6Cl2Zn, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.513(3) Å, b = 9.546(3) Å, c = 30.956(10) Å, β = 101.228(9)°, V = 2757.3(15) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0452, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1299, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of 6,7-difluoro-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)quinoxalin-2(1H)-one, C10H5F5N2O
Authors: Mi Xia , Hou Xuehui , Cui Beibei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C10H5F5N2O, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.3018(2) Å, b = 25.1396(7) Å, c = 8.9439(2) Å, β = 102.005(3)°, V = 2045.72(10) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0458, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1345, T = 293(2) K.
Prospects of cell replacement therapy for the treatment of degenerative cervical myelopathy
Authors: Shea Graham Ka Hon , Koljonen Paul Aarne , Chan Ying Shing , Cheung Kenneth Man Chee 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) presents insidiously during middle-age with deterioration in neurological function. It accounts for the most common cause of non-traumatic spinal cord injury in developed countries and disease prevalence is expected to rise with the aging population. Whilst surgery can prevent further deterioration, biological therapies may be required to restore neurological function in advanced disease. Cell replacement therapy has been inordinately focused on treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury yet holds immense promise in DCM. We build upon this thesis by reviewing the pathophysiology of DCM as revealed by cadaveric and molecular studies. Loss of oligodendrocytes and neurons occurs via apoptosis. The tissue microenvironment in DCM prior to end-stage disease is distinct from that following acute trauma, and in many ways more favourable to receiving exogenous cells. We highlight clinical considerations for cell replacement in DCM such as selection of cell type, timing and method of delivery, as well as biological treatment adjuncts. Critically, disease models often fail to mimic features of human pathology. We discuss directions for translational research towards clinical application.
Birefringence and order parameter studies in ferroelectric liquid crystals using laser transmission technique
Authors: Gowri Sankara Rao B. , Mallika K. , Ha Sie Tiong , Sreehari Sastry S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBirefringence of the ferro electric liquid crystals (FLCs): (S)-(−)-2-methylbutyl 4′-(4ʺ-n-alkanoyloxybenzoyloxy) biphenyl-4-carboxylates (S-MB-nB-BC) wheren = 16 and 18 is determined experimentally using laser transmission technique. In this experimental technique, the light coming out from the laser source (of wavelength 633 nm) passes through the polarizer and analyzer via FLC sample under crossed position. Optical intensities transmitted from the sample fall on the phototransistor through the analyzer. Phototransistor is a photo detector in which the transmitted light from the analyzer is converted into the electric response and measured in terms of voltage. These voltage measurements are used to determine the birefringence values of the samples. Further, order parameter is also determined. The results are compared with image analysis technique values along with phase transition temperatures, which are in good agreement.
Assembly, photocatalytic and fluorescence properties of three new coordination complexes of zinc(II) and nickel(II) with two kinds of flexible bis(pyridyl)-bis(amide) ligands
Authors: Lin Jia-Feng , Lin Hong-Yan , Liu Qian-Qian , Tian Yuan , Wang Xiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Three new coordination complexes [Zn(btec)0.5(L1)0.5(H2O)]
n
(1), [Ni(H2btec)(L1)(H2O)2]
n
(2), and {[Ni(btec)0.5(L2)(H2O)3]·2H2O}
n
(3) [H4btec = 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid), L1 = N,N′-bis(3-pyridyl)adipamide, L2 = N,N′-bis(3-pyridyl)octanediamide] have been obtained under hydrothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis has revealed that complex 1 has a layer structure based on [Zn(btec)0.5]
n
ribbons and the μ
2-bridging ligands L
1
. Complex 2 possesses a layered framework constructed by [Ni(H2btec)]
n
linear chains and [Ni(L1)]
n
wave-like chains. Complex 3 forms layers based on [Ni(L2)]
n
helical chains and μ
2-bridging L2 ligands, representing an interesting 4-fold interpenetrating 2D braided framework. The three different 2D frameworks exhibit 3,4-connected {4.62}2{42.62.82} topology for 1, 4-connected {44.62} topology for 2 and 3-connected {63} topology for 3. Their adjacent layers are further linked by hydrogen bonding interactions to generate 3D supramolecular structures. The differences in the nature of both the metal ions and the organic ligands lead to various coordination modes in the final structures. The photocatalytic activities and the fluorescence properties of complexes 1–3 were investigated.
TRANSIENT MULTI-DOF VIBRATION TESTING: ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DATA
Authors: Appolloni M. , Fransen S. , Fischer H. , Remedia M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The HYDRA facility is a very large 6-Degrees-of-Freedom (DoF) hydraulic shaker located in the European Space Research and Technology Centre of ESA in The Netherlands. It has been recently used as test platform to perform a number of innovative, 6-DoF experimental vibration runs with the aim of assessing more flight-representative ways to dynamically qualify a spacecraft, hence reducing the level of conservatism. This paper focuses on the methodology behind the definition of the injected profiles computed by launcher/spacecraft coupled loads analysis, the performance achieved by HYDRA and its state-of-the-art MIMO control system, how the experimental data compare to the simulation ones, and aims also at defining success criteria for 6-DoF transient testing.
Developing an Interactive Resource Map for Children with Disabilities in Kenya
Authors: Etling Mary Ann , Musili Michael , Oyungu Eren , McHenry Megan 
Published: December 2020

Background and Objectives:
An estimated 15% of the global population are living with a disability. Children with disabilities remain one of the most vulnerable populations, experiencing significant barriers to wellness and inclusion. In countries like Kenya, it is a challenge to navigate the existing resources available to support individuals with disabilities. Our objective is to develop an interactive map of organizations and institutions that provide medical, educational, financial, or social resources to children with disabilities in Kenya. The target audience for this tool includes persons with disabilities, caregivers, medical professionals, and organization leaders.
Project Methods:
A comprehensive list of 219 organizations, institutions, and government offices was compiled from various online directories. Each organization was contacted for an interview to verify contact information, address, services offered, payment options, requirement for enrollment, and transport services. Based on the services offered, each organization was assigned categorical search tags. The data was entered into a third-party mapping site. The map was embedded within the Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) website.
Future Steps:
The next two phases include: improving mapping quality and gathering feedback from key stakeholders. For instance, team members in Kenya are visiting each organization to take a photo of the site from the road and pin the specific location using mapping coordinates. In the next month, the pilot version of the map and a short survey will be sent to key stakeholders in Kenya. This feedback will inform revisions for future implementation.
Potential Impact:
Using the search features, this tool will allow medical professionals to provide more patient-specific referrals and caregivers to independently access these resources. Additionally, this map will inform organizations where resources are limited within the country. Ultimately, this interactive map will serve as a bridge to connect children with disabilities and their families to needed services.
Analysis of the National Real Estate Market Risk Management under the National Macro-Control Policy—Take Jinan as an Example
Authors: Guo Shijiang , Wang Dong , Zeng Linghong 
Published: December 2020

<p>In recent years, the real estate market regulation and control policies have been issued intensively, and the regulatory means have been more focused on “implementing policies according to the city”. On the whole, the important position of real estate as the pillar of our national economy has not changed, but many new characteristics have been derived from the industry. In this article, the real estate market in Jinan from 2010 to 2019 is selected, and the risk assessment and management of real estate market in Jinan City are analyzed by using the method of quantitative and qualitative risk assessment. Combined with the results of risk assessment, corresponding management countermeasures are put forward, which has certain practical significance.</p>
The UK-US Game and UK's Return to Gold Standard
Authors: Zhang Zheming 
Published: December 2020

<p>With the continuous development and evolution of the United States, especially the economic center shift after World War II, the United States become the economic hegemon instead of the UK and thus it seized the economic initiative of the world. After the World War I, the European countries gradually withdraw from the gold standard. In order to stabilize the world economy development and the international economic order, the United States prepared to build the economic system related with its own interests so as to force the UK to return to the gold standard. The game between the United States and the UK shows the significance of economic initiative. Among them, the outcome of the two countries in the fight of the financial system also demonstrates a significant change in the world economic system.</p>
Characterization of the residues in glass bottle from the Song Dynasty by GC-QTOF---the earliest archaeological recorded ambergris at present
Authors: Ding Li , Ma Yanru , Fu Yonghai , Yang Qin , Wu Jiajia , Xie We 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The organic residues in a glass bottle excavated from the Grand Baoen Temple site in the Song Dynasty, in Jiangsu Province, were studied in this paper. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Gas chromatography–quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QMS) and Gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS) were applied to characterize the material. By comparing the 7 modern collected ambergris reference samples, the residue in the bottle was identified as ambergris. The biomarker molecule ambrein was detected in the residues via solvent vent mode and the co-eluent of interferent was checked using secondary Q-TOF mode. Furthermore, the occurrence of ambergris in the underground palace demonstrates the well-developed overseas incense trade and the solemn Buddhist culture of using incense in the Song Dynasty.
Targeting NUFIP1 Suppresses Growth and Induces Senescence of Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Shen Aling , Wu Meizhu , Liu Liya , Chen Youqin , Chen Xiaoping , Zhuang Mingkai , Xie Qiurong , Cheng Ying , Li Jiapeng , Shen Zhiqing , Wei Lihui , Chu Jianfeng , Sferra Thomas J. , Zhang Xiuli , Xu Nanhui , Li Li , Peng Jun , Chen Fenglin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: NUFIP1 is an RNA-binding protein that interacts with fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) in the messenger ribonucleoprotein particle (mRNP). We previously showed that NUFIP1 was upregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC), but how the protein may contribute to the disease and patient prognosis is unknown. Methods: Here we combine database analysis, microarray, quantitative PCR, and immunohistochemistry of patients' samples to confirm our previous findings on NUFIP1 overexpression in CRC, and to reveal that increased expression of NUFIP1 in CRC tissues correlated with worse overall, recurrence-free, event-free and disease-free survival in patients, as well as with more advanced CRC clinicopathological stage. Results: Loss of function analysis demonstrated that NUFIP1 knockdown suppressed cell growth in vitro and in vivo, inhibited cell viability and survival, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro. In addition, as a natural anticancer triterpene from various fruits and vegetables, ursolic acid (UA) treatment suppressed cell proliferation, down-regulated NUFIP1 protein expression, and further enhanced the effects of NUFIP1 knockdown in CRC cells in vitro. NUFIP1 knockdown up-regulated the expression of 136 proteins, down-regulated the expression of 41 proteins, and enriched multiple signaling pathways including the senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF) pathway. Furthermore, NUFIP1 knockdown enhanced the expression of senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), the SAHF markers HP1γ and trimethylation (H3k9me3), and the senescence-related protein HMGA2. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that NUFIP1 is overexpressed in CRC and correlates with disease progression and poor patient survival. NUFIP1 may exert oncogenic effects partly by altering senescence. UA may show potential to treat CRC by down-regulating NUFIP1.
Formação docente: olhares sobre os saberes e práticas docentes no espaço do Pré-Universitário Popular Povo Novo
Authors: Das Neves Fernanda Caseira , Pereira Vilmar Alves Pereira Alves 
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho fundamenta-se em realizar uma análise da prática docente durante as minhas ações como educadora popular no contexto do curso Pré-Universitário Popular Povo Novo. Embasadas, portanto, na proposta de uma Educação Ambiental Popular possibilitando a base epistemológica orientar as atividades educativas de extensão no contexto do Programa de Auxílio ao Ingresso nos Ensinos Técnico e Superior – (PAIETS) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG). O acesso, assim como a permanência são grandes desafios enfrentados na vida profissional do docente, principalmente no que condizem as especificidades do curriculum do próprio curso e a articulação deste com os objetivos, os métodos de ensino, o planejamento didático e as condutas de avaliação, utilizadas durante os quatro anos de formação na Universidade, instigando a redefinição das bases formativas docentes num horizonte mais humano, crítico e transformador. Assim, procurou-se entender e valorizar os saberes e as práticas no processo de construção do diálogo entre os educandos e o sujeito histórico em seu contexto, visando à avaliação como uma prática emancipatória, onde o educando possa ser visto como o principal agente em seu processo de formação e nas construções das aprendizagens em meio de uma forte onda de políticas de desvalorização da educação. Aponto durante a pesquisa como educadora popular e graduanda do curso de Letras - Espanhol o que compreendemos sobre o processo de formação e algumas de nossas expectativas e dificuldades enfrentadas no dia a dia da sala de aula.
Experimental Models of Acute Lung Injury: their Advantages and Limitations
Authors: Mokra D , Mikolka P , Kosutova P , Calkovska A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Acute damage to the lung may originate from various direct and indirect reasons. Direct lung injury may be caused by pneumonia, near-drowning, aspiration, inhalation of toxic gases etc., while indirect lung injury is secondary, following any severe extra-pulmonary disease, e.g. sepsis, acute pancreatitis, or severe trauma. Due to a complex pathophysiology of the acute lung injury, the treatment is also extremely complicated and except for lung-protective ventilation there have been no specific treatment approaches recommended. An urgent need for a reliable and sufficiently effective treatment forces the researchers into testing novel therapeutic strategies. However, most of these determinations should be done in the laboratory conditions using animals. Complex methods of preparation of various experimental models of the acute lung injury has gradually developed within decades. Nowadays, there have been the models of direct, indirect, or mixed lung injury well established, as well as the models evoked by a combination of two triggering factors. Although the applicability of the results from animal experiments to patients might be limited by many factors, animal models are essential for understanding the patho-physiology of acute lung injury and provide an exceptional opportunity to search for novel therapeutical strategies.
Cybersecurity Education to Create Awareness in Artificial Intelligence Applications for Developers and End Users
Authors: Dawson Maurice , Szakonyi Annamaria 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This new era brings new promises of technology that will bring economic and societal benefits. Artificial Intelligence is to be the disruptor for work and even military technological applications. However, developers and end-users will play keys roles in how this technology is developed and ultimately used. Among these two groups, there are cybersecurity concerns that need to be considered. In this paper, the researchers address the process of secure development and testing. Also, for the end-user appropriate methods, procedures, and recommendations are defined that can mitigate the overall use of this technology within an enterprise.
The impact of urbanization expansion on agricultural land in Ethiopia: A review
Authors: Ayele Assefa , Tarekegn Kassa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In a country like Ethiopia where the vast majority of the populations are employed in agriculture, land is an important economic resource for the development of rural livelihoods. Agricultural land in peri-urban areas is, however, transformed into built-up regions through horizontal urban expansion that has an effect on land use value. In recent years Ethiopia has been experiencing rapid urbanization, which has led to an ever-increasing demand for land in peri-urban areas for housing and other nonagricultural activities that pervades agricultural land. There is a high demand for informal and illegal peri-urban land which has been held by peri-urban farmers, and this plays a vital role in the unauthorized and sub-standard house construction on agricultural land. This urbanization has not been extensively reviewed and documented. In this review an attempt has been made to assess the impacts of rapid urbanization on agricultural activities. Urban expansion has reduced the areas available for agriculture, which has seriously impacted upon peri-urban farmers that are often left with little or no land to cultivate and which has increased their vulnerability. Housing encroachments have been observed to be uncontrolled due to a weak government response to the trend of unplanned city expansion. This has left peri-urban farmers exposed to the negative shocks of urbanization because significant urbanization-related agricultural land loss has a positive correlation with grain production decrease. Appropriate governing bodies should control urban development in order to control the illegal and informal spread of urbanization on agricultural land that threatens food production.
A Holistic Approach to Polymeric Material Selection for Laser Beam Machining using Methods of DEA and TOPSIS
Authors: Roy Manish Kumar , Shivakoti Ishwer , Phipon Ruben , Sharma Ashis 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Laser Beam machining (LBM) nowadays finds a wide acceptance for cutting various materials and cutting of polymer sheets is no exception. Greater reliability of process coupled with superior quality of finished product makes LBM widely used for cutting polymeric materials. Earlier researchers investigated the carbon dioxide laser cutting to a few thermoplastic polymers in thickness varying from 2mm to 10mm. Here, an approach is being made for grading the suitability of polymeric materials and to answer the problem of selection for LBM cutting as per their weightages obtained by using multi-decision making (MCDM) approach. An attempt has also been made to validate the result thus obtained with the experimental results obtained by previous researchers. The analysis encompasses the use of non-parametric linear-programming method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) for process efficiency assessment combined with technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) for selection of polymer sheets, which is based on the closeness values. The results of this uniquely blended analysis reflect that for 3mm thick polymer sheet is polypropelene (PP) to be highly preferable over polyethylene (PE) and polycarbonate (PC). While it turns out to be that polycarbonate (PC) to be highly preferable to other two polymers for 5mm thick polymer sheets. Hence the present research analysis fits very good for the polymer sheets of 3mm thickness while it deviates a little bit for the 5mm sheets.