bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding reduced dietary protein added with prebiotics on protein metabolism characteristics and growth performance of broiler chickens
Authors: Suthama Nyoman , Sukamto Bambang , Mangisah Istna , Krismiyanto Lilik 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feeding prebiotics on protein metabolism characteristics and growth performance of broilers. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications was arranged. Heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, protein metabolism characteristics (protein digestibility, fecal Nt-MH excretion, and meat protein mass), and growth performances (feed consumption, BWG, and FCR) were the parameters observed. Analysis of variance was performed to statistically evaluate the data, and continued to Duncan test at 5% probability. Protein digestibility, and meat protein mass in T1 and T2 were significantly (P<0.05), while those in T0 were significantly (P<0.05). On the contrary, H/L ratio, feed consumpton, and FCR were significantly (P<0.05) lowest in both T1 and T2, but those in T0 were significantly (P<0.05). In conclusion, feeding inulin and soy-oligosaccharide extracts improves protein metabolism and it is characterized by the increase in protein digestibility and meat protein mass, and promote better growth of broiler.
Stakeholder Collaboration in The Development of Tourism Villages (Studies on Kandri Tourism Village, Gunungpati Subdistrict, Semarang City)
Authors: Susilowati Indah , Ibnu Tsani Luthfi , Edy Yusuf AG , Sasana Hadi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this research was to formulate a mechanism of relations between stakeholders in the management of the tourist village of Kandri. The analytical method used in this study was the Mixed Method by combining quantitative approaches and qualitative approaches to analyze data. Data collection was done by key informant interviews, field observations and literature studies. The technique for determining key informants was snowball method. In-depth interviews were used using Mactor to find out the mechanism of relations between stakeholders. The identification results show that there were 7 stakeholders involved in the development of Kandri tourism village. The Semarang City Office of Culture and Tourism was an actor center in relationships that occur between stakeholders in the development of tourism villages. The mechanism of relations between stakeholders was based on Auth and the institutional rules that are owned include relations of coordination, communication, and cooperation. Formulation of the relationship mechanism can be done by making a joint work program. The making of the program was driven by the Semarang City Office of Culture and Tourism based on the results of stakeholder needs analysis. The work program will be adjusted to the autonomy and institutional rules.
Supply Chain Analysis of Chayote in Semarang Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Roessali Wiludjeng , Dwi Purbayanti Endang , Dalmiyatun Tutik , Nurfadillah Suryani 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study aim was to analyze the supply chain performance of chayote vegetable in Semarang, Central Java Province, Indonesia. The survey was conducted from April to July 2019. The analytical method used was descriptive quantitative, namely research by describing the conditions in the field from several individuals interviewed directly. Respondents were determined purposively on farmer respondents and snowball sampling for marketing institutions. The results showed that the supply chain of chayote vegetables at the research location had clear market targets however there were problems in optimizing supply chain targets, namely information on prices at the farm level, knowledge of good quality. The measurement of supply chain performance was categorized quite efficiently based on the marketing efficiency approach by calculating the income margin and the farmer’s share.
Determining strategy of beef cattle development in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hadi Purnomo Sutrisno , Intan Sari Ayu , Emawati Shanti , Tri Rahayu Endang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of beef cattle entrepreneur group members, to analyse the main factors that influence the development of beef cattle business, and to determine the strategies that can be applied for the development of beef cattle business in Ngargoyoso District, Karanganyar Regency. The basic method in this research was survey research method. Determination of the location of the study was conducted by purposive sampling. The research sample was determined by convenience sampling consist of 60 farmers. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of interviews, observation and questionnaires. The data analysis method used the IFE matrix, EFE matrix and SWOT analysis. The profile of beef cattle business in Karanganyar regency was still traditional in the management system, providing reef resources and managing in the financial sector. The results of the quantitative SWOT matrix analysis show that the appropriate strategy in the development of beef cattle farms was in quadrant 2. The strategy must be implemented in quadrant 2 was to take advantage of long-term opportunities by means of diversification or innovation that can be done by applying technology in the form of feed processing technology, reproduction technology, and waste treatment technology.
The Effect of Gamma Co 60 Radiation on Soybean (Glycine max(L.) Merr) Shade Tolerants
Authors: Harsanti Lilik , Anisyah  , Parno  , Tarmizi  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Soybean is one of important national commodities for food and industry. Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves that have very strong penetrating power. One of the sources of gamma rays is from 60Co. With its strong penetration power, gamma rays can be used in plant breeding to create new genetic diversity in order to develop high-yielding varieties. Irradiation of gamma rays at 300 Gy dose on Denna 2 variety soybean was conducted, then it was planted as M1 plant and later continued to be planted as M2. In M2 generation, mutant lines was selected based on early maturity, better than of the parent variety.The criteria used was harvest age between 75-81 days, the plants should look robust and strong stems. Harvesting days of parent varieties (Denna 2) was 81 days, while the mutant strains obtained were between 75-81 days. Likewise, for the plant height, the parent variety was 42.30 cm, whereas mutant lines of 38,56 cm in average, making it more resistant to logging. The average pods for parent was 36.37 pods and mutant lines of 55.24 pods. In selected shade tolerant soybean of the M3 generation early aged mutan lines shade tolerant days, of the parent variety Denna 2 days.
In Vitro Ruminal VFA Concentrations from Rice Straw and Sugarcane Bagase Based Diets with Different NFC Sources
Authors: Achmadi Joelal , Pangestu Eko , Surahmanto  , Subrata Agung , Ainsyar Harahap M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Information concerning with ruminal nutrient availability of feed could help in balancing ruminant ration. Rice straw and sugarcane bagase are known as fiber sources, and molasses is known as non fiber carbohydrate (NFC) source for ruminant. The banana plant root meal (BPRM) is postulated to replace the portion of molasses in a ruminant diet because of its NFC content. This study determined the in vitro ruminal concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) from ammoniated rice straw and sugarcane based diets supplemented with molasses and BPRM, respectively, as NFC sources. In the experiment, two diets of rice straw based diets suppelemented with molasses (RSM) and BPRM (RSB) respectively, and two diets of ammoniated sugarcane bagase based diets supplemented with molasses (SGM) and BPRM (SGB) were tested their in vitro ruminal VFA concentrations using a technique of batch culture. Result of the in vitro test showed that there was no significant different in ruminal concentrations of total VFA, acetic, propionic, butyric, isobutyric, isovaleric, and n-valeric among experimental diets. The portions of molasses and BPRM could be replaced each other in the diet, and likewise for rice straw and sugarcane bagase. This is valuable indicative in attempt for sustaining ruminant feed availability.
The Potential of New High-Yielding Varieties Development in Tegal Regency
Authors: Sahru Romdon Anggi , Komalawati  , Harwanto  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Tegal is one of the districts that has the opportunity to become one of the centers for rice production in Central Java Province. This is indicated by the relatively high paddy field area, ranked 9th in Central Java. However, rice production in Tegal Regency was only ranked 15th. One effort to improve IP is through the use of new high yielding varieties (VUB). This paper examined the opportunities for developing VUB rice in Tegal Regency. Primary data obtained from interviews with farmers and field staffs. Analysis of potential development was assessed from the feasibility of 32 and 43 VUB Inpari rice farming, Mekongga variety. The results of the study show that VUB rice farming was more feasible to be cultivated compared to the existing varieties. This was indicated by the R/C of both VUB rice which were higher than the existing variety. The response of farmers to both VUB rice was indicated by demand of most sub-districts in Tegal Regency to the two varieties. Therefore, it was necessary to guarantee the availability of VUB rice seeds in the market. This can be done by developing seed breeders of these varieties through Desa Mandiri Benih or a private seed company.
Partial Characterization of Watermelon Albedo Pectin Extracted Using Citric Acid Combined with Microwave Assisted Extraction
Authors: Ishartani Dwi , Mustika Sari Ardhea , Arifani Rizka , Kawiji  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the influence of microwave power and extraction time on pectin chemical characteristics of watermelon albedo using citric acid combined with Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method. Microwave power variations being applied were 50% (225 W), 75% (315 W), and 100% (450 W) and the extraction times were 1 minute, 2 minutes and 3 minutes. The data obtained was statistically analysed using two-way Analysis of Variance at a significance level of 5% continued by Duncan Multiple Range Test if there was a significant difference. The results showed that the variation of power and extraction time significantly affect yield, equivalent weight, degree of methylation, galacturonic acid content, and degree of esterification. Pectin yield was ranging from 2.19% to 5.34% and equivalent weight of the pectin ranging from 441.09 mg to 1432.00 mg. Pectin from the watermelon albedo was classified as low methoxyl pectin with degree of methylation ranged from 4.82%–6.92%. Galacturonic acid content of the pectin obtained was ranging from 39.83% to 79.21%. The pectin had a degree of esterification ranging from 49.57% to 68.74% which was classified as high ester pectin.
Consumer Satisfaction on Wetland Rice Agro-Tourism in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY)
Authors: Mulya Handayani Sugiharti , Jamhari  , Rahayu Waluyati Lestari , Handoyo Mulyo Jangkung 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY), wetland rice agro-tourism grows rapidly and is in demand as the medium of education about agriculture. The attractions include planting rice and ploughing fields. This study aim was to determine the consumer satisfaction level of wetland rice agro-tourism. This research was conducted at Pentingsari Tourist Village, Yogyakarta, because it offers wetland rice agro-tourism. The respondents were 70 people, it was determined by accidental sampling. The CSI (Customer Satisfaction Index) and IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) were used to determine consumer satisfaction. The attributes were derived from the servqual dimensions (tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy). The results have revealed high satisfaction level of consumers from DIY and outside DIY, however, there are several aspects that need improvement. Consumers had different evaluation over the attributes of services. To rise the satisfaction of consumers from DIY, wetland rice attraction must be packaged more attractively by improving the tour guides in term of communication skills. To improve the satisfaction of visitors from outside DIY, homestay facilities need to be enhanced without leaving the uniqueness of countryside and the guarantee of safety.
pH Value, Total Microbes, Alcohol Content and Overall Hedonic Characteristic of Ginger Ale
Authors: Dwiloka Bambang , Budi Pramono Yoyok , Zaliani Anqi , Etza Setiani Bhakti , Dwi Puspitoasih Anggun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Ginger Ale is a type of beverage that is quite well-known in the United States and Europe as a form of beverage that is affiliated with the basic ingredients of rhizomes (roots). This research aims at to analyse the pH value, total microbes, total sugar and overall hedonic properties of ginger ale with palm sugar substitution to white sugar namely T0 = 0%, T1 = 25%, T2 = 50%, T3 = 75%, T4 = 100%. Each treatment was done in 4 replications. The parameters tested were alcohol content, pH, total Saccharomyces and hedonic yeast. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA at a significance level of 5% and if there was a difference it was then analyzed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test. Hedonic test result was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test with a significance level of 5% and if there were differences then continue to be analyzed using Mann Whitney test. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the substitution of white sugar with palm sugar in ginger ale had significant influence on the level of alcohol content and pH value while had no significant effect on total microbes. Regarding hedonic quality, ginger ale with 75% palm sugar substitution showed as the most preferred formula for ginger ale.
Induced mutation by gamma rays on performance of MV3
Callistephus chinensis at lowland
Authors: Anwar Syaiful , Karno Karno , Kusmiyati Florentina , Herwibawa Bagus 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Callistephus chinensis has beautiful flower with high sale price and usually grow at highland/plateau. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of induced mutation by gamma rays on performance of third generation (M1V3) Callistephus chinensis at lowland. Tiller of Callistephus chinensis was induced mutation by gamma rays at 0 Gy (Yo), 5 Gy (Y1), 10 Gy (Y2), 15 Gy (Y3) and 20 Gy (Y4) at first generation (M1V1). Plant from M1V2 was selected based on earlier flowering as plant material for M1V3. There were 12 genotypes selected. Twelve genotype and Y0 were planted at lowland (125 m above sea level) in Tembalang - Semarang. The results showed that induced mutation by gamma rays increased height, number of leaves, number of flower, flower stalk length of M1V3
Callistephus chinensis at lowland. Number of tiller were not significantly different between induced mutation plant and control, except for Y1-U4-11 and Y3-U3-10. Colour of flower was not significantly different between induced mutation plant and control, except for some of Y3-U3-10 genotype. Most flower colour was purple, while some of Y1-U4-9 genotype (Y1-U4-9-5) were pink. The conclusion was Callistephus chinensis can adapted in lowland due to induced mutation by gamma rays.
Various Driver Factors For Youth Farmers in Malang Related with Horticultural Business
Authors: Yusnita Arvianti Eri , Masyhuri  , Rahayu Waluyati Lestari , Hadi Darwanto Dwijono 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Horticultural business in Malang tends to be cultivated by young farmers with various characteristics, such as individual characteristics, economic environment, social culture, empowerment, and managerial capacity. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of individual characteristics and external environment on the interests of young farmers and horticultural farming in Malang Regency. The study was conducted using a purposive sampling method with a number of 200 young farmers. Data collection was carried out for 3 months, from January to March 2019. Data analysis was used using SEM WarpPLS. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion that the interest of young farmers in horticultural agriculture in Malang Regency is still high, the statistical test found that the external environment in the form of social and empowerment factors encourages the interest of young farmers in horticultural agriculture in Malang Regency. In addition, the knowledge of young farmers is the main driving factor that drives the interests of young farmers. Other factors such as individual characteristics, economic environment, and managerial capacity are not significant drivers, because the statistical value is below its critical value.
Perception of cattle farmers toward silage as animal feed
Authors: Sri Lestari Veronica , Prawira Rahardja Djoni , Mohammad Saleh Ikrar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Silage is a high-yield fermented feed given to ruminants. The aim of this research was to identify perception of cattle farmers toward silage as animal feed. The research took place in Soppeng Regency, South Sulawesi. Data were collected through observation and interview by using questionnaires. Likert scale was used to answer the questions which consisted of score 3 refer to agree, score 2 refer to less agree and score 1 refer to disagree. Data were analysed descriptively by using mean and percentage. The results of this research showed that perception of cattle farmers toward silage as animal feed was categorized as agree.
Total Bacteria and The Gram-Positive and Negative Bacteria of Small Intestines Broilers in Starter Period With Different Methods of Giving Probiotics
Authors: Sumarsih Sri , Sulistiyanto Bambang , Utama C. S. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluated total bacteria and the existence of positive and negative gram bacteria of small intestines broilers in starter period with different methods of giving probiotics Lactobacillus Sp. The completely randomized design with 4 treaments and 5 replications was used in the research. The treatments were T0 = Control without probiotics, T1 = Force feeding method, T2 = Giving Lactobacillus Sp. On Feed, T3 = Giving Lactobacillus Sp. on drinking Water. Data of bacteria population were evaluated by descriptive analysis. The Result showed that the total bacteria of small intestines broilers in starter period with given probiotics Lactobacillus Sp. (T1, T2 dan T3) were lower compared to control treatment. Most of the microbes of small intestines broilers in starter period with given probiotics Lactobacillus Sp. (T1, T2 dan T3) were Gram-positive rods, followed by Gram-positive cocci and Gram-positive duplococci, the gram-negative rods bacteria were founded at small intestines broilers in starter period with control treatments. The conclusion was the total bacteria at small intestines broilers in starter period with given probiotics Lactobacillus Sp. was decreased and there were positive gram bacteria, and suppress negative bacteria.
Asymmetric Price Transmission in the Indonesian Food Market
Authors: Laili Fitrotul , Widyawati Wiwit , Budi Setyowati Putri 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A large number of goods and companies operating on different markets and selling varied agricultural and food products are present in the food supply chains. As well, the food supply chain associates producer and consumer through price mechanism. One question of specific is whether price rises and declines in the food supply chain at one stage have asymmetrical impacts. Thus, this study was designed to examine asymmetric price transmission in Indonesian food market between the producer and consumer using Engle-Granger two step approach. The study confirmed that producer prices were co-integrated with consumer prices in the food market. As a consequence, an asymmetric error correction model (AECM) was used to test for asymmetric price transmission between price levels in Indonesian food market. The outcome shows a higher response to producer rises than declines in both long-and-short term customer pricing. Hence, the findings show that the prices in the Indonesian food supply chain are favourable asymmetrical. Finally, the results of the present study indicate that the food prices pass-through varies greatly across product category and across country, and the pass-through to producer prices is greater than that in consumer prices. Therefore, understanding the asymmetric transmission is critical to help design better domestic price stabilization policies, and minimize jeopardize the price shocks for both of consumer and producer.
The Effect of Natural Additives On Microbiota and Body Weight On Broiler Chicken
Authors: Mangisah Istna , Suthama Nyoman , Rizqiati Heni 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of natural additives (synbiotics) made from Lactobacillus casei and dahlia tuber extracts (LDT) and synbiotics made from Lactobacillus casei and garlic tuber extract (LGT) on the number of lactic acid bacteria and coliform in the small intestine and body weight of broiler chicken. One hundred and sixty 1-day-old broilers were randomly placed in 20 experimental units for 3 weeks. The study used a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications, each experimental unit consisted of 8 birds. The treatments tested were level of additives, T0 (control), T1 = LDT 1%, T2 = LDT 2%, T3 = LGT 1% and T4 = LGT 2%. The parameters observed were the amount of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and coliform in the small intestine and the body weight of the starter phase of broiler chickens. The collected data were analyzed for variance and if there was a significant effect, then continued by Duncan multiple region test. The results showed that used of LDT1% and LDT 2% no significantly affected on lactic acid bacteria, coliform and body weight of broiler chickens. Giving LGT 1% and LGT 2% significantly increased the amount of LAB in the small intestine and increased body weight, while the number of coliform was significantly lower than the control. The conclusion was that the natural additives LGT 1% and 2% could increase LAB, reduce colliform and improve the performance of broiler chickens.
Feed efficiency and income over feed cost of Ettawa crossbred goats fed different quality of dry complete feed supplemented with mineral
Authors: Muktiani A , Kusumanti E. , Harjanti D.W. , Achmadi J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aim was to evaluate the effect of different quality of dry complete feed and mineral (Zn-Se) supplementation on feed efficiency and income over feed cost of Ettawa crossbred goats. Sixteen weaned female goats aged 4-month-old were used in this study. The experiment was conducted in factorial 2x2 in a completely randomized design with 4 replications and 2 factors. The first factor was different levels of energy and protein in the diets: 14% CP + 63% TDN (T1); and 16% CP + 67% TDN (T2). The second factor was the Zn-Se supplementation (treatment and control). The concentration of Zn and Se in the supplement were 20 mg/kg and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively. Results showed that goats in T1 group lost the body weight (BW) by 11.07 g, whereas T2 group gained 10.48 g of BW within 6 weeks of experimental period. Supplementation of Zn-Se in the T2 diets prevented the BW lost and resulted in the highest BW gain (7.15 kg) within 14 weeks. Moreover, the T2 diets plus Zn-Se supplement also resulted in the highest feed efficiency (11.82%) as well as income over feed cost (IDR. 1,722 head/d). It is concluded that dry complete feed containing 16%CP and 67% TDN with Zn-Se supplementation (Zn 20 mg/kg + Se 0.2 mg/kg). It is recommended for female weaned-goat for the optimal growth and increase the income over feed cost. It is recommended for female kid goat at the growth phase.