bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and content validation of the Burden of Documentation for Nurses and Midwives (BurDoNsaM) survey
Authors: Brown Janie A. , Cooper Alannah L. , Albrecht Matthew A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimTo develop a validated tool to measure nursing and midwifery documentation burden.BackgroundWhile an important record of care, documentation can be burdensome for nurses and midwives and may remove them from direct patient care, resulting in decreased job satisfaction, associated with decreased patient satisfaction. The amount of documentation is increasing at a time where staff rationalisation results in decreasing numbers of clinicians at the bedside. No instrument is available to measure staff perceptions of the burden of clinical documentation.DesignSurvey development, followed by rwo rounds of content validation (April and May 2019).MethodsBased on the literature a 28 item survey, with items in 6 subscales, representing key areas of documentation burden was developed. Item (I‐CVI), subscale (S‐CVI/Ave by subscale) and overall content validity indexes (S‐CVI/Ave) were calculated following two review rounds by an expert panel of clinical and academic nurses and midwives.ResultsLevel of agreement for the first iteration of the survey was low, with many items failing to reach the critical I‐CVI threshold of 0.78. No subscale reached a S‐CVI/Ave above 0.8 and the overall scale only achieved a S‐CVI/Ave score of 0.67. Thirteen items were removed, seven were edited and five new items added, based on the expert panel feedback, substantially improving the content validity. All individual items achieved an I‐CVI ≥0.78, the S‐CVI/Ave was above 0.85 for all subscales and the total S‐CVI/Ave was 0.94.ConclusionThe Burden of Documentation for Nurses and Midwives (BurDoNsaM) survey can be considered as content valid, according to the content validity analysis by an expert panel.ImpactThe BurDoNsaM survey may be used by nurse leaders and researchers to measure the burden of documentation, providing the opportunity to review practice and implement strategies to decrease documentation burden, potentially improving patient satisfaction with the care received.
Flash glucose monitoring in type 1 diabetes: A comparison with self‐monitoring blood glucose
Authors: Babaya Naru , Noso Shinsuke , Hiromine Yoshihisa , Taketomo Yasunori , Niwano Fumimaru , Yoshida Sawa , Yasutake Sara , Kawabata Yumiko , Ikegami Hiroshi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims/IntroductionA flash glucose monitoring (FGM) system has become available. To clarify the relationship between FGM and self‐monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) values, we compared the two values after simultaneous measurement in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes, under daily life settings.Materials and MethodsA total of 20 outpatients with type 1 diabetes were analyzed. When FGM and SMBG were carried out simultaneously (within ±3 min), the values were adopted and each FGM value was matched and compared with the corresponding SMBG value. In addition, we analyzed other cases of simultaneity defined as “within ±2 min,” “within ±1 min” and “at the exact same time.”ResultsThe percentage of SMBG and FGM values in the clinically acceptable zone A + B in Clarke and consensus error grid analyses were 97.9 and 99.2%, respectively. Deming regression (x‐axis: FGM values, y‐axis: SMBG values) determined a slope of 0.9128 (95% confidence interval 0.9008–0.9247) and an intercept of +15.94 mg/dL (95% confidence interval 14.05–17.84). FGM values were lower than SMBG values in the lower glucose range, and higher in the higher glucose range. The shorter the time lag between measurements, the higher the rate of concordance between FGM and SMBG values.ConclusionsThe results of this study provided evidence on the reliability of FGM in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes in home conditions. Based on the results, if an abnormal glucose value is detected by FGM, SBMG should then be used to confirm the result.
Decisional conflict associated with clinicians discouraging particular contraceptive methods
Authors: Grant Rachel L. , Paul Rachel , Zeal Carley , Madden Tessa , Politi Mary C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesApproximately 45% of pregnancies in the United States are unintended. The use of contraception reduces the risk of unintended pregnancy. The initiation of several contraceptive methods requires seeing a clinician. This study explored how clinicians' expressed preferences against particular contraceptive methods impacted participants' confidence in their method choice and perception of shared contraceptive decision making.MethodsEligible individuals were 18 to 45 years of age, assigned female sex at birth, English speaking, and either using or had previously used contraception. Participants completed an anonymous survey via web link on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Primary self‐reported outcomes were (a) proportion of participants being discouraged from a particular contraceptive method, (b) decisional conflict, and (c) extent of shared decision making. Secondary self‐reported outcomes were (a) importance of contraceptive attributes and (b) self‐reported quality of care.ResultsSix hundred sixty‐nine participants completed the survey. Most were white (74.0%), non‐Hispanic (84.5%), married or cohabitating (69.4%), and nulliparous (47.2%). A total of 33.8% reported that a clinician had discouraged them from using a particular contraceptive method, most commonly because of side effects, usability, and/or method effectiveness. Effectiveness, affordability, and side effects were the self‐reported most important contraceptive features. Those who were discouraged from using a method (versus those who were not) were more likely to report decisional conflict (41.2% vs 30.0%, P = .004), yet reported a higher extent of shared decision making (median: 76 vs 71; P = .03). Adjusting for age and nulliparity did not impact results, except nulliparity made the relationship between being discouraged from using a method and shared decision making no longer significant (P = .06).ConclusionsDecisional conflict might arise when clinicians discourage individuals using particular contraceptive methods. Clinicians' reasons for discouraging methods might not always align with patients' preferences. More research is needed to examine how to reduce decisional conflict and support contraceptive method selection.
Prediction of neonatal acne based on maternal lipidomic profiling
Authors: Wang Hecong , Wang Jiateng , Zhou Mingyue , Jia Yan , Yang Ming , He Congfen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeonatal acne occurs in the first few weeks after birth. Some lesions are more serious and leave scars. Maternal surface skin lipids (SSL) have a strong correlation with SSL of infants. The establishment of prediction rank model based on maternal SSL is essential to the prevention and treatment of neonatal acne.MethodSurface skin lipids samples were collected from the mothers (M) of 56 neonatal acne patients and the mothers (HM) of 19 healthy infants. Surface skin lipids from the right forehead were collected using a noninvasive method. UPLC‐QTOF‐MS was applied to detect SSL. Partial least squares discriminant analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed to screen and validate potential lipids. Random forest (RF) and ROC analysis were used to establish a prediction model and evaluate its accuracy.ResultsSixteen altered potential lipids belonging to fatty acids, sphingomyelins, and glycerides were associated with M. M had less lipids than HM. Spearman's correlation of 16 lipids revealed 9 with high correlation. They were chosen as characteristic values of the RF prediction model. And the model showed an average accuracy of 98% in the validation set.ConclusionWe have established an RF model for predicting neonatal acne and have shown that high skin barrier‐related lipids were markers for predicting neonatal acne.
Successful heterotopic pregnancy with prior radical trachelectomy after transabdominal cervico isthimic cerclage with methotrexate treatment
Authors: Lee Kyong‐No , Ham Hee‐Jin , Whang Eun‐Jee , Eun‐ji Jo , Seung‐hye Choi , Lee Keun‐Young 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHeterotopic pregnancy with cervical incompetence is very uncommon. And yet there is no definite treatment for cervical incompetence occurring after radical trachelectomy. We are reporting a rare and novel case of a following in vitro fertilization combined intrauterine pregnancy and interstitial pregnancy which was successfully treated with maintenance of the pregnancy to term.
A qualitative study exploring how Practitioners within Early Intervention in Psychosis Services engage with Service Users’ experiences of voice hearing?
Authors: Bogen‐Johnston Leanne , deVisser Richard , Strauss Clara , Hayward Mark 
Published: February 2020

Accessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?

The experience of hearing distressing voices is commonly reported by service users with a diagnosis of first‐episode psychosis, but their access to formal conversations about voices in the form of psychological therapies can be limited.

Service users within Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) services can benefit from informal opportunities to talk about their voice hearing experiences. However, they can be reluctant to engage with these conversations.

Little is known about the experiences of EIP practitioners as they try to engage service users in conversations about their voices.

What does the paper add to existing knowledge?

Despite EIP Services specializing in the treatment of the symptoms of psychosis such as voice hearing, practitioners can still be reluctant to initiate and continue informal conversations about voices.

What are the implications for practice?

EIP practitioners may benefit from the introduction of interview guides and brief interventions to assist them with the initiation and continuation of conversations about voices.

AbstractIntroductionHearing voices is a common and distressing symptom of first‐episode psychosis. Formal and informal conversations about voices are helpful, but service users within Early Intervention in Psychosis (EIP) Services can be reluctant to discuss their voice hearing experiences. There is currently no literature that explores the experiences of EIP practitioners as they try to facilitate conversations about distressing voices.Aim/QuestionA qualitative methodology was used to investigate how EIP practitioners work with service users who hear voices. Ten practitioners were interviewed, and interviews were analysed using template analysis.ResultsTwo themes that offer novel insights are presented: “starting a conversation about voices” and “continuing the conversation about voices.”DiscussionStarting and continuing a conversation about voices was considered important but not all practitioners were confident in this respect. The initiation and continuation of these conversations may need to be systematically supported.Implications for practiceTo support the initiation of informal conversations, a standardized interview guide for voice hearing could be introduced and systematically utilized. The continuation of these conversations could be supported by practitioners being given the opportunity to receive training in and the opportunity to deliver brief symptom‐specific therapies for distressing voices.
The effects of dietary iodine and its consumption duration on performance, carcass characteristics, meat iodine, thyroid hormones and some blood indices in broiler chickens
Authors: Behroozlak Morteza , Daneshyar Mohsen , Farhomand Parviz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary inclusion levels of iodine supplementation and duration of feeding on performance, carcass characteristics, meat iodine, thyroid hormones and some indices including red blood cell, haematocrit, haemoglobin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase in broilers. A total of 450 one‐day‐old male broiler chicks were used during a 42 days experiment in 9 treatments with five replicates pen for each treatment. The experimental design was a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments including three levels of iodine (0, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg as a source of potassium iodide) during the T (total, 1–42 days), GF (grower and finisher, 11–42 days) and F (finisher, 25–42 days) periods (p < .05). The results demonstrated that none of the performance data (feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio) were influenced by level and duration of iodine consumption (p > .05). The diet supplemented with 5 mg/kg iodine had no effects on relative weights during total (T) and grower and finisher (GF) periods, but there was an effect on the finisher (F) period. Moreover, increasing the iodine level from 0 to 5 mg/kg linearly decreased the relative weights of the both small intestine and jejunum (p < .05). Increasing the iodine level from 0 to 5 mg/kg linearly increased the breast iodine content. Also, the highest breast meat enrichment was observed during the T period (p < .05). Blood triiodothyronine concentration was not changed by any of the iodine level and duration of consumption, but tetraiodothyronine concentration was higher for T period than GF and F ones (p < .05) and even linearly increased by increasing the level of dietary iodine for 0 to 5 mg/kg (p < .05). It was concluded that 5 mg/kg iodine from day 1 to day 42 of age is needed in the diet to enrich the broiler meat.
Central uplift collapse in acoustically fluidized granular targets: Insights from analog modeling
Authors: Dörfler M. A. , Kenkmann T. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDepending on their sizes, impact craters have either simple or complex geometries. Peak‐ring craters such as the Chicxulub impact structure possess a single interior ring of peaks and hills and a flat interior floor. The exact mechanisms leading to the formation of a morphological peak‐ring are still a matter of debate. In this study, analog modeling was used to study the flow field of a collapsing central uplift. A 3‐D‐printed cast was used to bring the analog material in the shape of an overheightened central uplift that was based on numerical modeling. The cast was then quickly removed and the central peak collapsed, forming a flattened broad mound that spread out onto the annular moat of the crater cavity. A subwoofer was used to fluidize the granular target material. The kinematics of the collapse were analyzed with the aid of particle image velocimetry, revealing a downward and outward collapse of the central uplift. This mode of collapse is partly in agreement with numerical models, in particular for the initial and middle phases. The overthrusting of the collapsing central peak onto the inward moving crater floor predicted by numerical modeling was observed, though to a lesser degree. A peak‐ring, however, could not be reproduced since the collapse came to a halt before the central peak was completely leveled. Nevertheless, the method provides qualitative insights into the kinematics of collapse phenomena. This experimental study provides independent support of the theory of acoustic fluidization, in addition to numerical simulations.
Structural vulnerabilities and breastfeeding among female sex workers in Mumbai
Authors: Reno Rebecca , Karandikar Sharvari , McCloskey Rebecca J. , España Megan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBreastfeeding has numerous health, environmental, and economic benefits, and the promotion and support of breastfeeding has been at the centre of efforts from many global organizations such as WHO and UNICEF to promote maternal and child health. Interventions developed from such policies tend to be inaccessible to those who are economically marginalized, however, and thus may further inequities. Understanding the lived experiences of women occupying this segment of society, such as sex workers, illuminates the social and structural determinants of breastfeeding and how they constitute structural vulnerability that renders breastfeeding difficult. This qualitative study explores breastfeeding practices and decisions among sex workers in Mumbai and the factors shaping their experiences. We look at proximal factors—those that women directly indicate as influencing their breastfeeding decision‐making or behaviour, and distal factors—macrolevel forces identified by the women, as indication of their structural vulnerability, particularly in relationship to the decision to initiate and sustain breastfeeding. We conclude with discussing the need to promote appropriate infant feeding practices through culturally responsive interventions and mechanisms, taking both proximal and distal factors into account, to work towards equity in health outcomes.
Geometrical methods for analyzing the optimal management of tipping point dynamics
Authors: Wagener Florian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNatural resources are not infinitely resilient and should not be modeled as being such. Finitely resilient resources feature tipping points and history dependence. This paper provides a didactical discussion of mathematical methods that are needed to understand the optimal management of such resources: viscosity solutions of Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations, the costate equation and the associated canonical equations, exact root counting, and geometrical methods to analyze the geometry of the invariant manifolds of the canonical equations.Recommendations for Resource Managers

Management of natural resources has to take into account the possible breakdown of resilience and induced regime shifts.
Depending on the characteristics of the resource and on its present and future economic importance, either for all initial states the same kind of management policy is optimal, or the type of the optimal management policy depends on the initial state.
Modeling should reflect the finiteness of the data.
Policy statement of enteral nutrition for preterm and very low birthweight infants
Authors: Mizuno Katsumi , Shimizu Toshiaki , Ida Shinobu , Ito Setsuko , Inokuchi Mikako , Ohura Toshihiro , Okumura Akihisa , Kawai Masanobu , Kikuchi Toru , Sakurai Motoichiro , Sugihara Shigetaka , Suzuki Mitsuyoshi , Takitani Kimitaka , Tanaka Daisuke , Mushiake Sotaro , Yoshiike Nobuo , Kodama Hiroko , Okada Kazuo , Tsutsumi Chiharu , Hara Mitsuhiko , Hanawa Yoshio , Kawakami Kazue , Inomata Hiroaki , Oguni Tatsuya , Bito Yuko , Uchida Keiichi , Sugiyama Akihide 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

For preterm and very low birthweight infants, the mother’s own milk is the best nutrition. Based on the latest information for mothers who give birth to preterm and very low birthweight infants, medical staff should encourage and assist mothers to pump or express and provide their own milk whenever possible.

If the supply of maternal milk is insufficient even though they receive adequate support, or the mother’s own milk cannot be given to her infant for any reason, donor human milk should be used.

Donors who donate their breast milk need to meet the Guideline of the Japan Human Milk Bank Association.

Donor human milk should be provided according to the medical needs of preterm and very low birthweight infants, regardless of their family’s financial status.

In the future, it will be necessary to create a system to supply an exclusive human milk‐based diet (EHMD), consisting of human milk with the addition of a human milk‐derived human milk fortifier, to preterm and very low birthweight infants.
Evaluation of sunscreen efficacy over time and re‐application using hybrid diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Ruvolo Eduardo , Aeschliman Lisa , Cole Curtis 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn 2007, the FDA added requirements for sunscreens to be labeled “re‐apply at least every 2 hours” based on very limited data. This study used hybrid diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (HDRS) to evaluate the persistence of protection by 80 minutes water‐resistant sunscreen formulation with and without re‐application, and with and without sweat‐inducing activity over 6 hours.MethodsSunscreens were applied to subject's foreheads and backs, and they remained at rest or exercised to induce sweating in a heated environment. Efficacy of a sun protection factor (SPF 50) very water‐resistant sunscreen was measured with HDRS instrumentation and ultraviolet (UV) photography to determine the sunscreen protection over time.ResultsThe sunscreen maintained SPF 50 efficacy over 6 hours for the non‐active group with a single application, and for 2 hours for the active group, dropping slowly to SPF 30 level after 6 hours of sweating. Re‐application of sunscreen gave additive SPF, with two applications resulting in SPF >100 and three applications approximately SPF 150. UV photography was insensitive to the differences in protection detected with HDRS instrumentation.ConclusionsSunscreen efficacy is maintained over time in the absence of sweating or rub‐off. After two hours of sweating, an 80 minutes water‐resistant sunscreen does not need to be re‐applied “at least every 2 hours.”
IL‐33 is essential to prevent high‐fat diet–induced obesity in mice infected with an intestinal helminth
Authors: Obi Seiji , Shimokawa Chikako , Katsuura Mizuki , Olia Alex , Imai Takashi , Suzue Kazutomo , Hisaeda Hajime 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntestinal helminthes induce immunosuppressive responses as well as type 2 immunity. Their suppressive properties are intended to regulate inflammatory diseases such as allergies and autoimmune diseases. This study evaluated whether helminthic infections suppress obesity, a chronic inflammatory state, using an intestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Hp). Infection with Hp at the same time as feeding a high‐fat diet (HFD) prevented weight gain, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance observed in uninfected obese mice. Immunologically, Hp infection skewed M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages and induced type 2 innate lymphoid cells in adipose tissues. The expression of interleukin (IL)‐33, a potent initiator of type 2 responses, was also increased in association with uncoupled protein 1 (UCP1). To further investigate the anti‐obesity effects of IL‐33 in mice infected with Hp, IL‐33‐deficient mice were fed the HFD and infected with Hp. These mutant mice rapidly gained weight compared with wild‐type mice, indicating the anti‐obesity effect of IL‐33. In the absence of IL‐33, the rapid increase in weight was not prevented, and type 2 responses and UCP1 expression were not observed even during Hp infection. These results suggested that the suppression of obesity by Hp is dependent on IL‐33.