bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of hair type diversification for recruiting shampoo panelists without losing data relevance
Authors: Tabary C. , Pouradier F. , Belkebla S. , Panhard S. , Carvalho L. , Vincenzi F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA sensory descriptive method is used by the industries to characterize their various products under development. The sensory panelists are recruited through some general criteria suggested in International Standard Sensory Analysis – General guidelines for the selection, training and monitoring of selected assessors and expert sensory assessors [5] but for hair product evaluation, some hair criteria should also be considered, as a major challenge lied in the difficulty to recruit panelists. Such an issue led us to find practical solutions to make this recruitment easier. Among others, one possible solution was to restrict some requirements in the characteristics of hair. This study aimed at checking if a hair type diversification on either sensitization or curliness could influence the sensory perception of shampoos, and, if so, to which extent. This study demonstrates that, for a shampoo trained panel, the evaluation is impacted by the hair curliness but is not impacted by the hair sensitization level.
CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lee Adrian YS , Körner Heinrich 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) and its sole chemokine ligand, CCL20, are an intriguing pair that have been implicated in a growing number of inflammatory, autoimmune and malignant disease processes. Recent observations have also highlighted this chemokine axis in the regulation of humoral immune responses. Through this review article, we explore the emerging links of CCR6–CCL20 with an archetypal autoimmune disease of humoral dysregulation: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CCR6 is expressed prominently on several immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, such as dendritic cells and T‐helper 17 cells. CCR6's expression is correlated with disease activity and serological markers of disease severity, suggesting a possible role in disease pathogenesis. However, there are numerous holes in our understanding of the functions of CCR6 and CCL20, and future studies are required to determine if there are any diagnostic, prognostic or monitoring roles for these important molecules.
Dispersion and rheology for direct writing lead‐based piezoelectric ceramic pastes with anisotropic template particles
Authors: Walton Rebecca L. , Fanton Mark A. , Meyer Richard J. , Messing Gary L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractControlling the rheology of direct writing pastes is essential for producing high quality printed ceramics. Ceramic pastes were formulated to explore the relation between surface chemistry and rheology of complex pastes of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3‐Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐PbTiO3 (PIN‐PMN‐PT) powder, large BaTiO3 (BT) platelet particles, and a commercial poly(acrylic) acid‐based binder system. Zeta potential of the ceramic powder, the conformation of the poly(acrylic) acid, and the effect of these factors on rheology were evaluated as a function of suspension pH. Effective dispersion and amenable rheology for direct writing were achieved at mixing pH 5. Additions of 0.3 to 2.6 vol% BT tabular particles dramatically altered the rheology of the pastes due to the shear alignment of the BT particles. Powder‐organic interactions and the size and concentration of BT platelet particles can be tailored to direct write either space‐filling filaments to form dense ceramics or non‐flowing filaments to form spanning ceramic structures.
Uterine fibroids and preterm birth risk: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pérez‐Roncero Gonzalo R. , López‐Baena María T. , Ornat Lía , Cuerva Marcos J. , Garcia‐Casarrubios Patricia , Chedraui Peter , Pérez‐López Faustino R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimThis study explored the association between the presence of uterine fibroids (UF), as determined by ultrasound, and preterm birth (PB) risk.MethodsMedline, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Studies reporting women with and without UF demonstrated by an ultrasound exam. The primary outcome was the risk of PB < 37 weeks of gestation in pregnancies with UF diagnosed by an obstetric ultrasound exam. Effects for dichotomous and continuous outcomes are, respectively, reported as risk ratios (RR) or mean differences and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsEighteen studies were included comprising 276 172 pregnancies to whom obstetric ultrasound assessment was performed for the presence/absence of UF. Women with UF were older (mean difference = 2.40 years, 95% CI 0.94–3.85) and were at higher risk of PB before 37 (RR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.27–1.60), 34 (RR = 1.79, 95% CI 1.32–2.42), 32 (RR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.33–2.85) and 28 (RR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.48–3.17) weeks as compared to those without UF (P < 0.01). In addition, women with UF were at higher risk of threatened preterm labor, preterm premature rupture of membranes, fetal malpresentation, placental abruption, lower gestational age and birthweight at delivery and a higher cesarean delivery rate.ConclusionPregnant women with UF are at increased risk of PB and other adverse obstetric outcomes.
Liver mitochondrial DNA damage and genetic variability of Cytochrome b – a key component of the respirasome – drive the severity of fatty liver disease
Authors: Pirola C. J. , Garaycoechea M. , Flichman D. , Castaño G. O. , Sookoian S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsThe progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) into severe histological forms (steatohepatitis – NASH) is paralleled by the occurrence of complex molecular processes. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark feature of advanced disease. Mitochondrially encoded cytochrome B (cytochrome b, MT‐CYB), a member of the oxidative phosphorylation system, is a key component of the respirasome supercomplex. Here, we hypothesized that NAFLD severity is associated with liver tissue cytochrome b mutations and damaged mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).MethodsWe included 252 liver specimens of NAFLD patients – in whom histological disease ranged from mild to severe – which were linked to clinical and biochemical information. Tissue molecular explorations included MT‐CYB sequencing and analysis of differential mtDNA damage. Profiling of circulating Krebs cycle metabolites and global liver transcriptome was performed in a subsample of patients. Tissue levels of 4‐hydroxynonenal – a product of lipid peroxidation and 8‐hydroxy‐2’‐deoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative damage – were measured.ResultsCompared to simple steatosis, NASH is associated with a higher level of MT‐CYB variance, 12.1 vs. 15.6 substitutions per 103 bp (P = 5.5e‐10). The burden of variants was associated with increased levels of 2‐hydroxyglutarate, branched‐chain amino acids, and glutamate, and changes in the global liver transcriptome. Liver mtDNA damage was associated with advanced disease and inflammation. NAFLD severity was associated with increased tissue levels of DNA oxidative adducts and lipid peroxyl radicals.ConclusionNASH is associated with genetic alterations of the liver cellular respirasome, including high cytochrome b variation and mtDNA damage, which may result in broad cellular effects.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with a decreased myocardial mechano‐energetic efficiency
Authors: Fiorentino T. V. , Miceli S. , Succurro E. , Sciacqua A. , Andreozzi F. , Sesti G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to a raised risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), although the underlying mechanisms are not completely known. A reduced myocardial mechano‐energetic efficiency (MEE) has been found to be an independent predictor of CVD.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between NAFLD and a compromised MEE.MethodsMyocardial MEE was assessed by a validated echocardiography‐derived measure in 699 nondiabetic individuals subdivided into two groups according to ultrasonography defined presence of NAFLD.ResultsSubjects with NAFLD displayed higher levels of systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides, fasting and postload glucose, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP), insulin resistance (IR) estimated by HOMA‐IR and liver IR index, and lower values of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) in comparison with those without NAFLD. Presence of NAFLD was associated with increased levels of myocardial oxygen demand and reduced values of MEE. MEE was negatively correlated with male sex, age, BMI, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting and postload glucose, HOMA‐IR and liver IR index, hsCRP and positively with HDL levels. In a multivariable regression analysis, presence of NAFLD was associated with MEE regardless of several cardio‐metabolic risk factors such as age, gender, waist circumference, SBP, DBP, total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose tolerance and hsCRP (β = −0.09, P = 0.04), but not independently of IR estimates.ConclusionUltrasound‐defined presence of NAFLD is associated with a decreased MEE, a predictor of adverse cardiovascular events. The relationship between NAFLD and a compromised MEE is dependent of IR.
The Role of the Cerebellum in Pain Perception: A Brain SPECT Perfusion Study in Patients with Burn Injuries
Authors: Bermo Mohammed S. , Zacharias Claudia , Patterson David , Wilson Ann , Sharar Sam , Minoshima Satoshi , Hoffman Hunter , Lewis David H. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEVirtual reality (VR) is a promising tool for distraction analgesia. This study aims to compare brain perfusion patterns while patients were undergoing burn wound care in two conditions—VR distraction and control (NoVR).METHODSWith IRB approval, four patients hospitalized for acute burn care (three males and one female) participated in the study. All patients underwent wound care on two consecutive days; 1 day with standard analgesia and adjunctive VR, and the other day with standard analgesia alone, otherwise the wound care was very similar. Tc‐99m ethyl cysteinate dimer was injected during wound care at the time of peak pain. Subjective patient reports on a 0‐10 scale of pain intensity, time spent thinking about pain, and “fun” as well as opioid equivalent usage were analyzed. Voxel by voxel subtraction analysis of brain perfusion Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) images was performed at the group level. Statistical significance threshold was defined as P < .05.RESULTSMean group subjective scores (VR, NoVR, statistical significance, and P‐value) were observed for maximal pain intensity (9.0, 8.8, insignificant, and P = .809), time spent thinking about pain (5.2, 10.0, significant, and P = .015), and fun (6.0, 2.5, significant, and P = .012). Subtraction group analysis demonstrated VR‐induced modulation of brain activity with statistically significant relative suppression of cerebellar activation in the VR compared to intense cerebellar activation in the NoVR environments.CONCLUSIONRelative decrease in cerebellar perfusion based on stringent statistical threshold in the VR environment combined with improved subjective pain experience supports the hypotheses on the role of cerebellum in perception of noxious stimuli.
Optimal annuitization with imperfect information about insolvency risk
Authors: Li Hui , Neumuller Seth , Rothschild Casey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEven the highest‐rated life‐annuity providers have a nonzero probability of becoming insolvent during an annuitant's retirement, and many potential annuitants are unaware of the state guaranty associations (SGAs) which provide insurance against the associated financial consequences. We study the theoretical implications of insolvency risk—real and perceived—for annuitization. Then, using a disciplined calibration of annuitant misperceptions in a standard life cycle model, we show that even the modest perceived risk of default associated with highly‐rated providers can—absent awareness of the SGAs—reduce annuitization and significantly reduce welfare. We further consider the implications of information frictions which prevent retirees from discerning true insolvency risk and we find that these frictions have plausibly large additional quantitative implications for annuitization and welfare. Simulations of our model further suggest that the general lack of awareness of the SGA backstop by potential annuitants can erode a sizable fraction of the potential welfare benefits thereof.
Changes in Living Conditions of People with ID: A Follow‐Up after 16 Years
Authors: Umb Carlsson Õie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Swedish disability policy has an ambition that people with disabilities should have the possibility to live like everyone else in the community. A study in 2001 described living conditions of people with ID born 1959–1974 in Uppsala County as compared to the general population in the same age group. The results showed differences between the two groups, particularly regarding employment, finances, and social life.Specific AimsThe aim of the present study were to explore changes in living conditions of a group of people with ID in a 16‐year perspective and to compare the outcomes with changes in living conditions of the general population in corresponding age groups.MethodsInformation on the living conditions of people with ID for 40 persons who participated in the study 2001 was obtained through proxy reports at 2001 and 2017. National welfare statistics were used to obtain data on the general population. The study focus objective living conditions selected by people with ID including housing, occupation, finances, recreational and cultural activities, family and social relations, society participation, and personal safety.FindingsThe results showed clear differences in living conditions to the disadvantage of the sample of people with ID. However, no differences related to gender and level of functional limitations were identified within the study group.DiscussionEven if the study sample is small, the study makes an important contribution to the body of existing literature because knowledge is insufficient on changes over time regarding the living conditions of people with ID in community‐based residences. Such knowledge is necessary to identify patterns of equality and inequality and illustrate to what extent people with ID share welfare benefits over time.
Pollination syndromes in the 21stcentury: where do we stand and where may we go?
Authors: Dellinger Agnes S. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryPollination syndromes, recurring suites of floral traits appearing in connection with specific functional pollinator groups, have served for decades to organise floral diversity under a functional–ecological perspective. Some potential caveats, such as over‐simplification of complex plant–animal interactions or lack of empirical observations, have been identified and discussed in recent years. Which of these caveats do indeed cause problems, which have been solved and where do future possibilities lie? I address these questions in a review of the pollination‐syndrome literature of 2010 to 2019. I show that the majority of studies was based on detailed empirical pollinator observations and could reliably predict pollinators based on a few floral traits such as colour, shape or reward. Some traits (i.e. colour) were less reliable in predicting pollinators than others (i.e. reward, corolla width), however. I stress that future studies should consider floral traits beyond those traditionally recorded to expand our understanding of mechanisms of floral evolution. I discuss statistical methods suitable for objectively analysing the interplay of system‐specific evolutionary constraints, pollinator‐mediated selection and adaptive trade‐offs at microecological and macroecological scales. I exemplify my arguments on an empirical dataset of floral traits of a neotropical plant radiation in the family Melastomataceae.
A prospective observational trial evaluating factors predictive of accurate endotracheal tube positioning in neonates and small infants
Authors: Ebenebe Chinedu Ulrich , Deindl Philipp , Wolf Monika , Jahn Matthias , Singer Dominique , Blohm Martin Ernst 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is a high incidence of endotracheal tube malposition in neonates and small infants. Yet, verification of accurate endotracheal tube location via radiographic imaging involves radiation exposure.AimsThis study aimed to identify demographic and clinical parameters associated with accurate endotracheal tube positioning.MethodsWe conducted a prospective single‐center study with term and preterm neonates and small infants between January 2018 and November 2019. We investigated correlations between ten variables and accurate endotracheal tube position.ResultsOne hundred and sixty eight nasal intubations in 139 patients (weight 390‐5000 g) were analyzed. An accurate tube position was confirmed by radiographic imaging in 71.4% of the intubations. The endotracheal tube was high in 8.3% and low in 20.2% of the cases. Male gender was the only variable that significantly correlated with an accurate endotracheal tube position (OR 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3, 5.0; P = .010).ConclusionSo far, no parameter has proven to be able to predict accurate endotracheal tube position in neonates reliably. These findings emphasize the indispensability of postintubation imaging in neonates and small infants.
Coupled plant traits adapted to wetting/drying cycles of substrates co‐define niche multidimensionality
Authors: Rodríguez‐Robles Ulises , Arredondo J. Tulio , Huber‐Sannwald Elisabeth , Yépez Enrico A. , Ramos‐Leal José Alfreso 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTheories attempting to explain species coexistence in plant communities have argued in favour of species' capacities to occupy a multidimensional niche with spatial, temporal and biotic axes. We used the concept of hydrological niche segregation to learn how ecological niches are structured both spatially and temporally and whether small scale humidity gradients between adjacent niches are the main factor explaining water partitioning among tree species in a highly water‐limited semiarid forest ecosystem. By combining geophysical methods, isotopic ecology, plant ecophysiology and anatomical measurements, we show how coexisting pine and oak species share, use and temporally switch between diverse spatially distinct niches by employing a set of functionally coupled plant traits in response to changing environmental signals. We identified four geospatial niches that turned into nine, when considering the temporal dynamics of the wetting/drying cycles in the substrate and the particular plant species adaptations to garner, transfer, store and use water. Under water scarcity, pine and oak exhibited water use segregation from different niches, yet under maximum drought when oak trees crossed physiological thresholds, niche overlap occurred. The identification of niches and mechanistic understanding of when and how species use them will help unify theories of plant coexistence and competition.
The algorithmic regulation of security: An infrastructural perspective
Authors: Bellanova Rocco , de Goede Marieke 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article contributes to debates on algorithmic regulation by focusing on the domain of security. It develops aninfrastructuralperspective, by analyzing how algorithmic regulation is enacted through the custom‐built transatlantic data infrastructures of the EU‐U.S. Passenger Name Records and Terrorism Financing Tracking Program programs. Concerning regulationthroughalgorithms, this approach analyzes how specific, commercial data are rendered transferable and meaningful in a security context. Concerning the regulationofalgorithms, an infrastructural perspective examines how public values like privacy and accountability are built into international data infrastructures. The creation of data infrastructures affects existing modes of governance and fosters novel power relations among public and private actors. We highlightemergentmodes of standard setting, thus enriching Yeung's (2018) taxonomy, and question the practical effects of operationalizing public values through infrastructural choices. Ultimately, the article offers a critical reading of algorithmic security, and how it materially, legally, and politically supports specific ways of doing security.
Risk Science Contributions: Three Illustrating Examples
Authors: Aven Terje 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article aims to demonstrate that risk science is important for society, industry and all of us. Rather few people today, including scientists and managers, are familiar with what this science is about—its foundation and main features—and how it is used to gain knowledge and improve communication and decision making in real‐life situations. The article seeks to meet this challenge, by presenting three examples, showing how risk science works to gain new generic, fundamental knowledge on risk concepts, principles, and methods, as well as supporting the practical tackling of actual risk problems.
Are social movements truly social? The prosocial and antisocial outcomes of social movements
Authors: Coley Jonathan S. , Raynes Dakota K. T. , Das Dhruba 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA growing body of research demonstrates that U.S. politics has become increasingly polarized over the past few decades. In these polarized times, what potential roles might social movements play in bridging divides between, or perhaps further dividing, people across a variety of political and social groups? In this article, we propose a research agenda for social movement studies focused on the prosocial and antisocial outcomes of social movements. Although scholars commonly frame their work on the consequences of social movements in terms of social movements' political, economic, cultural, and biographical outcomes, we suggest a focus on two categories of social movement outcomes (prosocial and antisocial outcomes) that cut across prior theoretical categories, and we show how an emerging body of scholarship has documented such outcomes at micro, meso, and macro levels of analysis. We also consider how emerging scholarship has addressed the sociological question about the conditions under which social movements produce prosocial versus antisocial outcomes. As we argue, attention to prosocial and antisocial outcomes of social movements holds both theoretical implications for social movement research and practical implications for social movements navigating the United States' political and social divides.