bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vacancy‐Anchored Sub‐Nanometer Ru Catalyst with High Activity and Strong Durability at 800 °C Dry Reforming of Methane
Authors: Yang Juanjuan , Cao Zhiyang , Wan Yujie , Guan Shuhui , Jiang Bo , Yamauchi Yusuke , Li Hexing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDry reforming of methane (DRM) represents an important way to convert both CO2 and CH4 to reduce greenhouse effects and produce valuable chemical products. Owing to the strong bonding energies of both CO2 and CH4 molecules, DRM usually proceeds at a high temperature, which inevitably causes catalyst sintering, leading to catalyst deactivation. This work develops a highly stable sub‐nanometer Ru catalyst on a Ni‐doped MgO support using Mg2+ vacancies as anchors. The optimized Ru1.5/Ni1‐MgO‐R catalyst displays 90% CH4 conversion and 92% CO2 conversion to syngas in DRM at 800 °C. More importantly, it exhibits strong durability and can run continuously for more than 1200 h. Both the characterizations and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the Ni2+ substituted Mg2+ in the MgO matrix produces Mg2+ vacancies (MgV), which can stabilize sub‐nanometer Ru clusters of ≈0.9 nm. Moreover, the presence of Mgv‐Ru8 clusters strongly stabilizes sub‐nanometer Ru. This study contributes valuable insights into the design of sub‐nanometer metal catalysts with strong sintering resistance at high temperatures.
A Catch‐Release Strategy for the Genomics‐Driven Discovery of Antiproliferative Furan‐Functionalized Peptides
Authors: Ehinger Friedrich J. , Scherlach Kirstin , Trottmann Felix , Fiedler Jonas , Richter Ingrid , Hertweck Christian 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFuran‐functionalized peptides are of significant pharmacological interest due to their pronounced bioactivities and unique potential for orthogonal bioconjugation and derivatization. However, naturally occurring peptides with furyl side chains are exceedingly rare. This study presents a streamlined method to predict and assess the microbial production of peptides incorporating 3‐furylalanine (Fua) moieties. The approach integrates genome mining and the reversible, chemoselective tagging of furyl residues, utilizing their unique Diels–Alder reactivity, for mass‐spectrometry‐guided identification of candidate compounds. By employing the rhizonin Fua synthase as a bioinformatic handle and through heterologous reconstitution of Fua biosynthesis, we identified previously unknown Fua biosynthetic pathways in diverse bacterial phyla, including actinomycetes, cyanobacteria, actinobacteria, and γ‐proteobacteria, suggesting that Fua‐containing peptides are remarkably widely distributed. Metabolic profiling by reversible tagging facilitated the detection of Fua‐containing metabolites in their native producers. The successful adaptation of this method for solid support enabled the direct enrichment of furyl‐substituted peptides from complex mixtures. This multi‐pronged approach enabled the discovery and characterization of two novel families of Fua cyclopeptides (rubriamides and typhamides) with potent antiproliferative effects against human tumor cells and nematodes. The innovative catch‐and‐release strategy, in conjunction with genome mining, represents a valuable tool for the discovery of new furan‐substituted natural products.
Innovation of Some Novel Complexes Based on N‐[(Ethylcarbamothioyl)amino]‐1‐(hydrazine Carbonyl)formamide (L2) and (L3) N,N′‐Bis‐[(ethylcarbamothioyl)amino]ethane Diamide Ligands: Synthesis, Structural Elucidation, DFT Calculations, and Biological Studies
Authors: Sadak Sara A. , Nawar Nagawa A. , El‐khawaga Omali Y. , Mostafa Mohsen M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDifferent chelates derived from, N‐[(ethylcarbamothioyl)amino]‐1‐(hydrazinecarbonyl)formamide (L2) and N,N′‐bis‐[(ethylcabomothioyl)amino]ethanediamide (L3), with metal ions were synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, spectral (IR, UV–Vis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass), TGA, and magnetic measurements. The two new ligands (L2 and L2) were synthesized using L1 (oxalic acid dihydrazide [ODH]). Theoretical studies and molecular docking calculations were investigated. IR spectra suggest that L2 behaves in a bidentate manner coordinating either via the carbonyl oxygen and the nitrogen atom of the hydrazine group and/or through the sulfur (C=S and/or C–S) and the NH groups. In the case of L3, the metal complexes were obtained in the enol form with the removal of proton or more from either the carbonyl (C=O) and/or thioketo (C=S) or both groups after enolization is occurred, except the Pd2+, which was isolated in the keto form without removal of hydrogen atoms. The computational estimation of L2, and L3 and their complexes were approved with the Gaussian 09 W program in DFT/B3LYP. DPPH and ABTS were tested against two free radical scavengers that were utilized in order to evaluate the antioxidant potential of complexes in vitro. Biological effectiveness of L2 and L3 and their complexes against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria was in vitro investigated. Antifungal action was investigated utilizing inhibition zone diameter. Moreover, the ligands and its complexes were exhibited a broad spectrum of DNA degradation effects, as measured by agarose gel electrophoresis. The antioxidant activity of the complexes was determined based on the radical scavenging ability in reacting with a stable DPPH. Wound healing assay was tested with the most active complexes against liver cancer cell line HepG‐2.
Effects of Platycodon grandiflorum seeds exposure to static magnetic field on germination and early seedling growth
Authors: Yang Xingxing , Wang Xin , Zhang Xuhan , Hu Jinlan , Wang Jing , Chen Yansong , Zhu Yong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEffects of non‐uniform upward (north) and downward (south) 300 mT static magnetic field (SMF) 14 days (24 h/day) treatment of Platycodon grandiflorum seeds on germination, seedling growth, enzyme activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and seedling chlorophyll content were investigated under laboratory conditions. Germination rate, index and potential from magnetically exposed Anhui and Hebei Platycodon grandiflorum seeds were significantly not affected (p > 0.05), however, the values of these germination variables were notably higher in Anhui Platycodon grandiflorum seeds than Hebei seeds. Treatment of Hebei Platycodon grandiflorum seeds with 300 mT SMFs increased (p < 0.05) the catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), α‐and β‐amylase activities and chlorophyll content significantly, the root length and MDA level of Anhui seeds were reduced, while the MDA level was had no obviously affect. The results suggest that non‐uniform upward 300 mT SMF had potential to active the antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and hydrolytic enzymes (α‐and β‐amylase activities) and increase the chlorophyll content of Platycodon grandiflorus seeds under laboratory conditions.
Exploring the Impact of a No‐Cost, Self‐Directed Self‐Compassion Intervention in Promoting Mental Health, Resilience and Self‐Compassion Among Women in Violent and Non‐Violent Relationships
Authors: Davidson Cara A. , Shillington Katie J. , Irwin Jennifer D. , Mantler Tara 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTLimited access to social services often hinders women experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) from seeking support. This mixed‐methods (survey‐ and interview‐based) study investigated the impact of a no‐cost, one‐month, self‐directed self‐compassion intervention on women experiencing IPV compared with women in non‐violent relationships. Among the 28 participants (n = 15 non‐IPV, n = 13 IPV), significant improvements were noted in total self‐compassion scores (F(2,52) = 6.126, p = 0.004, η2p = 0.18), and specific domains such as self‐kindness (F(2,52) = 6.552, p = 0.003, η2p = 0.20) and over‐identification (F(2,52) = 4.251, p = 0.020, η2p = 0.14) over time. Interview findings indicated that women perceived meaningful improvements in their mental health and resilience because of the intervention, with some women in violent relationships reporting that the intervention facilitated leaving the relationship. This intervention demonstrates strong potential as an accessible, effective health promotion intervention for women in violent relationships.
Synthesis and Preliminary Evaluation of Tanshinone Mimic Conjugates for Mechanism of Action Studies
Authors: Assoni Giulia , Assunção Carreira Ágata Sofia , Tomiello Matteo , Seneci Pierfausto , Provenzani Alessandro , Arosio Daniela 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHuman antigen R (HuR) is an RNA binding protein (RBP) belonging to the ELAV (Embryonic Lethal Abnormal Vision) family, which stabilizes mRNAs and regulates the expression of multiple genes. Its altered expression or localization is related to pathological features such as cancer or inflammation. Dihydrotanshinone I (DHTS I) is a naturally occurring, tetracyclic ortho‐quinone inhibitor of the HuR‐mRNA interaction. Our earlier efforts led to the identification of a synthetic Tanshinone Mimic (TM) 2 with improved affinity for HuR. Here we report five new TM probes 3–5 bearing a detection‐promoting moiety (either photo affinity probe ‐ PAP or biotin) as a para‐substituent on the phenyl‐sulphonamide for mechanism of action (MoA) studies. Biological and biochemical assays were used to characterize the novel TM conjugates 3–5. They showed similar toxic activity in HuR‐expressing triple‐negative breast cancer MDA‐MB‐231 cells, with micromolar CC50s. REMSAs revealed that photoactivatable groups (4 a and 4 b), but not biotin (5 a and 5 b), prevented conjugates’ ability to disrupt rHuR‐RNA complexes. Further biochemical studies confirmed that biotinylated probes, in particular 5 a, can be used to isolate rM1 M2 from solutions, taking advantage of streptavidin‐coated magnetic beads, thus being the most promising HuR inhibitor to be used for further MoA studies in cell lysates.
Sulfur and Oxygen Transfer Reactions with Simultaneous NHC‐Coordination from Cyclic Thioureas and Ureas to a Stable Silylene
Authors: Ishida Shintaro , Toyooka Takuto , Tamura Tomofumi , Abe Tetsuro , Akasaka Naohiko , Iwamoto Takeaki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractReactions of cyclic thioureas (1,3,4,5‐tetramethylimidazol‐2‐thione and 1,3‐dimethylimidazolidin‐2‐thione) and ureas (1,3,4,5‐tetramethylimidazol‐2‐one and 1,3‐dimethylimidazolidin‐2‐one) with an isolable dialkylsilylene were examined. In these reactions, cyclic thioureas served as sulfur and NHC (N‐heterocyclic carbene) sources, and the corresponding silanethione and NHC‐derived products formed via silanethione‐NHC complexes. Reactions of cyclic ureas with the silylene afforded a new NHC and an isolable azomethine ylide. These reactions involved oxygen atom transfer and 1,3‐silyl migrations, which were supported by computational studies.
Designing Double Perovskites with Organic Dications for Enhancing Stability and Photoelectrical Performance
Authors: Chen Yan , Ding Xun‐Lei , Xu Shao‐Peng , Shi Xin‐Ying , Yan Yan , Wen Ang‐Ran , Li Wei , Chen Jiao‐Jiao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecently, the research on developing lead‐free double‐B‐cation halide perovskites has attracted attention. However, Cs2InBiCl6, the most promising one, was shown to be thermodynamically unstable. To improve the stability, organic dication DiMA2+ (i. e., (CH2NH3)+(CH2)3(CH2NH3)+) is introduced to design the new double perovskite DiMAInBiX6 (X=Cl, Br, and I) based on Cs2InBiX6 by replacing two Cs+ with a DiMA2+. Density functional theory calculations were performed to study the geometric and photoelectric properties of the newly designed materials. Unlike Cs2InBiX6, both DiMAInBiCl6 and DiMAInBiBr6 can exist stably against decompositions, indicating that the replacement of Cs+ by DiMA2+ will improve stability of double perovskites due to the staple effect. In addition, the replacement causes an increase in the band gaps of DiMAInBiX6. Particularly, the calculated band gap of DiMAInBiBr6 (1.31 eV) is close to the optimal value of single junction perovskite solar cell (PSC). Under ideal conditions, the PSC model constructed with DiMAInBiBr6 performs the best in theoretical simulation. This work proposes DiMAInBiBr6 as a promising light absorber of PSC, which has high stability and photoelectric performance. It also suggests that the replacement of Cs+ by DiMA2+ may serve as a rational and practical way to design new organic‐inorganic hybrid double perovskites.
A Novel High‐Speed Ultralow Power Double‐Node‐Upsets Tolerant Automotive Latch Design
Authors: Qiu Guoji , Bi Dawei , Hu Zhiyuan , Zhang Zhengxuan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces a novel High‐speed Ultralow power Double‐Node Upsets (DNU) Tolerant Automotive Latch (HUDTAL) fabricated in the 55‐nm CMOS technology. Through the integration of Muller‐C‐Element (MCE), Node‐Hardened MCE, CLK‐Gating MCE (CG‐MCE), and Transmission Gate techniques, the proposed latch can fully resist DNU. Compared with similar types of latches through simulation, the proposed latch has higher critical charges and does not generate any TFs at the output that may affect the next stage circuit, saving 4.89% area power delay product on average. Additionally, it exhibits lower sensitivity to process voltage temperature variations, enabling stable operation in harsh environmental conditions.
Double‐balloon endoscopy for duodenal diverticulitis with calculus after intestinal reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Toyoshima Kai , Takishin Yunosuke , Toda Kiko , Nakajima Katsuma , Otuka Yutaro , Yokoyama Daisuke , Muranaka Tetsuhito , Kunieda Yasuyuki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSmall‐bowel diverticulosis is relatively common, but there is no set treatment strategy for duodenal diverticulitis with stone impaction. A woman aged in her 70s presented with a chief complaint of abdominal pain, and she had been reconstructed by the Roux‐en‐Y method after total gastrectomy. We performed an enhanced computed tomography which revealed edematous wall thickening of the duodenum. We diagnosed her with duodenal diverticulitis and treated them with antibiotics but her disease was not cured, we therefore attempted endoscopic stone removal as a nonoperative treatment. After stone removal with a nonoperative procedure, when we contrasted the duodenal papillary diverticulum, it was found to form a fistula on the other side, and the successful treatment made her discharged on the 17th day. The duodenal diverticulitis with calculus is extremely rare, and there is no report to treat it using double‐balloon endoscopy, therefore we report this case with a literature review.
Detecting Fish Diversity in Urban‐Impacted Ecosystems: A Comparative Approach of eDNA Metabarcoding and UVC
Authors: Chung Arthur , Kam Y. C. , Shea Stanley K. H. , Schunter Celia 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTComprehensive assessments of coastal biodiversity in complex coral communities are crucial but challenging, particularly under unfavorable conditions such as poor underwater visibility in urbanized and eutrophic environments. Here we aim to examine the scope of underwater diversity detection and community shifts across habitat transitions spanning different geographic regions in Hong Kong SAR, a highly urbanized coastal city with limited underwater visibility of 3.93 ± 1.25 m during the sampling period. We employ and compare two methods: 12S rRNA eDNA metabarcoding coupled with custom built reference database and simultaneous extensive underwater visual census (UVC) surveys. eDNA detected a higher species richness per site. Yet, each survey method featured a distinct species profile with associated trophic guilds, where 98 (32.3%) species found exclusively by UVC and 120 (39.6%) species detected only by eDNA. eDNA featured species from diverse habitats and evolutionary distances, including cryptic and large mobile fishes, offering enhanced prediction on local ecosystem functions. eDNA also recorded 90 putative species that had never been recorded in additional seven yearlong UVC dataset, with seven prospective new occurrence records to the territorial waters. UVC on the other hand was more efficient in documenting reef‐associated species. Both methods captured similar patterns of community spatial structure along the habitat transitions while only eDNA detected more large fish species in offshore compared to sheltered inshore environments, This may suggest inshore overfishing and incapability of UVC in surveying large mobile species in turbid environments. Considering the discrepancies between two methods, we highlight the importance of complementing both UVC and eDNA metabarcoding survey for a complete overview of local biodiversity under unfavored underwater conditions in an urbanized seascape.
Distinct Tissue‐Dependent Composition and Gene Expression of Human Fetal Innate Lymphoid Cells
Authors: Rødahl Inga E. , Ivarsson Martin A. , Loh Liyen , Mold Jeff E. , Westgren Magnus , Friberg Danielle , Mjösberg Jenny , Björkström Niklas K. , Marquardt Nicole , Nixon Douglas F. , Michaëlsson Jakob 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe human fetal immune system starts to develop in the first trimester and likely plays a crucial role in fetal development and maternal‐fetal tolerance. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the earliest lymphoid cells to arise in the human fetus. ILCs consist of natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s that all share a common lymphoid origin. Here, we studied fetal ILC subsets, mainly NK cells and ILC3s and their potential progenitors, across human fetal tissues. Our results show that fetal ILC subsets have distinct distribution, developmental kinetics, and gene expression profiles across human fetal tissues. Furthermore, we identify CD34+RORγt+Eomes− and CD34+RORγt+Eomes+ cells in the fetal intestine, indicating that tissue‐specific ILC progenitors exist already during fetal development.
KIRA6 is an Effective and Versatile Mast Cell Inhibitor of IgE‐mediated Activation
Authors: Wunderle Veronika , Wilhelm Thomas , Boukeileh Shatha , Goßen Jonas , Margreiter Michael A. , Sakurov Roman , Capellmann Sandro , Schwoerer Maike , Ahmed Nabil , Bronneberg Gina , Arock Michel , Martin Christian , Schubert Thomas , Levi‐Schaffer Francesca , Rossetti Giulia , Tirosh Boaz , Huber Michael 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMast cell (MC)‐driven allergic diseases are constantly expanding and require the development of novel pharmacological MC stabilizers. Allergen/antigen (Ag)‐triggered activation via crosslinking of the high‐affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI) is fundamentally regulated by SRC family kinases, for example, LYN and FYN, exhibiting positive and negative functions. We report that KIRA6, an inhibitor for the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1α, suppresses IgE‐mediated MC activation by inhibiting both LYN and FYN. KIRA6 attenuates Ag‐stimulated early signaling and effector functions such as degranulation and proinflammatory cytokine production/secretion in murine bone marrow‐derived MCs. Moreover, Ag‐triggered bronchoconstriction in an ex vivo model and IgE‐mediated stimulation of human MCs were repressed by KIRA6. The interaction of KIRA6 with three MC‐relevant tyrosine kinases, LYN, FYN, and KIT, and the potential of KIRA6 structure as a pharmacophore for the development of respective single‐, dual‐, or triple‐specificity inhibitors, was evaluated by homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulations. We found that KIRA6 particularly strongly binds the inactive state of LYN, FYN, and KIT with comparable affinities. In conclusion, our data suggest that the chemical structure of KIRA6 as a pharmacophore can be further developed to obtain an effective MC stabilizer.
Lanthanide(III) Metal‐Organic Frameworks (Ln=Gd, Tb, Dy) Based on a C3 Symmetrical Tricarboxylate Linker
Authors: McHugh Darragh , Tong Wenming , Bezrukov Andrey , Farras Pau , Zaworotko Michael J. , Mayans Julia , Skelton Jonathan M. , Barnett Sarah , Pallipurath Anuradha R. , Papatriantafyllopoulou Constantina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLanthanide‐based metal‐organic frameworks have attracted significant interest due to their ability to combine porosity with one or more additional properties, providing an alternative method for the development of multifunctional materials. With this in mind, we report the synthesis and characterisation of the OnG5 family of MOFs with the formula [LnLH(DMF)3][(4‐NH2Ph)3C](NO3)(CH3CO2H), where Ln=Gd (OnG5‐Gd), Tb (OnG5‐Tb), Dy (OnG5‐Dy), and LH3−= the trianion of 4,4′,4′′‐(1 E)‐[4,4′,4′′‐(methanetriyl)tris(benzene‐4,1‐diyl)tris(azan‐1‐ yl‐1‐ylidene)]tris(methan‐1‐yl‐1‐ylidene)tribenzoic acid. OnG5 were synthesised in situ from the reaction of Ln(NO3)3.xH2O, pararosaniline base [(4‐NH2Ph)3COH] and terephthalaldehydic acid in DMF. Their structure was studied through single crystal x‐ray crystallography and confirmed with DFT calculations. OnG5 display a 2D, three‐fold interpenetrated structure with a honeycomb lattice topology. They are the first examples bearing the ligand LHH3 and they display photoluminescence originating from an intraligand π‐π* or n‐π* transition. Dc and ac magnetic susceptibility studies conducted on the OnG5‐Gd analogue revealed an absence of magnetic interaction between the metal centres.
Fundamentals of Viscoelastic Particle Focusing in Suddenly Expanded Microfluidic Channels
Authors: Chen Dalin , Huang Di , Zhu Zhixian , Huang Qiang , Ni Zhonghua , Wang Yiduo , Xiang Nan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTParticles focusing in suddenly expanded microfluidic channels with viscoelastic biofluids have attracted increased interests due to the potential biomedical applications. In this work, three types of suddenly expanded channels were designed and employed for experiments. These suddenly expanded channels contained a certain number of triangular expansion structures on the sides of the straight channel to investigate the effect of secondary flow on particle viscoelastic focusing and we investigated particle focusing behavior in those three channels with 0.1% hyaluronic acid (HA) solution. The effects of various suddenly expanded channel structures on particle focusing were discussed. The results indicated that the viscoelastic focusing effect was enhanced by using the sudden expansion structures. Consequently, particles with multi‐peak distributions were successfully focused into a focusing stream by using the secondary flow induced by the suddenly expanded structure. Finally, the viscoelastic focusing of leukocytes was explored using suddenly expanded channels. This work offers a deep understanding on the fundamentals of particle focusing in suddenly expanded channels and the results will enable the design of particles focusing microfluidic devices with suddenly expanded channels for critical applications in biomedicine.
Neuronal ‘Ensemble’ Recording and the Search for the Cell Assembly: A Personal History
Authors: McNaughton Bruce L. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis contribution is part of the special issue on the Hippocampus focused on personal histories of advances in knowledge on the hippocampus and related structures. An account is offered of the author's role in the development of neural ensemble recording: stereo recording (stereotrodes, tetrodes) and the use of this approach to search for evidence of Hebb's “cell assemblies” and “phase sequences”, the holy grail of the neuroscience of learning and memory.