bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and cumulative incidence of autism spectrum disorders and the patterns of co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders in a total population sample of 5-year-old children
Authors: Saito Manabu , Hirota Tomoya , Sakamoto Yui , Adachi Masaki , Takahashi Michio , Osato-Kaneda Ayako , Kim Young Shin , Leventhal Bennett , Shui Amy , Kato Sumi , Nakamura Kazuhiko 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundsWhether there is a true increase in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequency or not remains unclear. Additionally, the rates of co-existing neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) in a total population sample has not been fully examined before. Therefore, using a total population sample in Japan, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and cumulative incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) annually, to determine whether there is a true increase in ASD prevalence by estimating the cumulative incidence of ASD annually, and to examine the rates of co-existing neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD).MethodIn this cross-sectional sequential design study, all 5-year-old children in the catchment area underwent the screening annually from the year 2013–2016. Screen-positive children were invited to participate in a comprehensive assessment, including child and parent interview, behavioral observation, and cognitive and motor function testing. All cases were reviewed by a multidisciplinary research team.ResultsCaregivers of 3954 children returned the screening, among which 559 children underwent the assessment with 87 children receiving an ASD diagnosis. Adjusted ASD prevalence was 3.22% (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.66–3.76%). The male to female ratio of the crude prevalence was 2.2:1. The cumulative incidence of ASD up to 5 years of age for the total study years was 1.31% (95% CI 1.00–1.62%). A generalized linear model revealed no significant linear trends in 5-year cumulative incidence over the study years. Only 11.5% of children had ASD alone; the remaining 88.5% were found to have at least one co-existing NDD.LimitationsModest sample size for a total population study.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the stability of the 5-year cumulative incidence of ASD, implying no true rise in ASD incident cases over the 4-year study period in the study catchment area. High rates of co-existing NDDs reflect the importance of investigating broad developmental challenges in children with ASD.
Fluorescence labeling of a NaV1.7-targeted peptide for near-infrared nerve visualization
Authors: Gonzales Junior , Pirovano Giacomo , Chow Chun Yuen , de Souza Franca Paula Demetrio , Carter Lukas M. , Klint Julie K. , Guru Navjot , Lewis Jason S. , King Glenn F. , Reiner Thomas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Accidental peripheral nerve injury during surgical intervention results in a broad spectrum of potentially debilitating side effects. Tissue distortion and poor visibility can significantly increase the risk of nerve injury with long-lasting consequences for the patient. We developed and characterized Hs1a-FL, a fluorescent near-infrared molecule for nerve visualization in the operating theater with the aim of helping physicians to visualize nerves during surgery. Hs1a was derived from the venom of the Chinese bird spider, Haplopelma schmidti, and conjugated to Cy7.5 dye. Hs1a-FL was injected intravenously in mice, and harvested nerves were imaged microscopically and with epifluorescence.

Results
Hs1a-FL showed specific and stable binding to the sodium channel NaV1.7, present on the surface of human and mouse nerves. Hs1a-FL allowed epifluorescence visualization of sciatic mouse nerves with favorable nerve-to-muscle contrast.

Conclusions
Fluorescent NaV1.7-targeted tracers have the potential to be adopted clinically for the intraoperative visualization of peripheral nerves during surgery, providing guidance for the surgeon and potentially improving the standard of care.
Long-term Ashtanga yoga practice decreases medial temporal and brainstem glucose metabolism in relation to years of experience
Authors: van Aalst June , Ceccarini Jenny , Schramm Georg , Van Weehaeghe Donatienne , Rezaei Ahmadreza , Demyttenaere Koen , Sunaert Stefan , Van Laere Koen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Yoga is increasingly popular worldwide with several physical and mental benefits, but the underlying neurobiology remains unclear. Whereas many studies have focused on pure meditational aspects, the triad of yoga includes meditation, postures, and breathing. We conducted a cross-sectional study comparing experienced yoga practitioners to yoga-naive healthy subjects using a multiparametric 2 × 2 design with simultaneous positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging.

Methods
18F-FDG PET, morphometric and diffusion tensor imaging, resting state fMRI, and MR spectroscopy were acquired in 10 experienced (4.8 ± 2.3 years of regular yoga experience) yoga practitioners and 15 matched controls in rest and after a single practice (yoga practice and physical exercise, respectively).

Results
In rest, decreased regional glucose metabolism in the medial temporal cortex, striatum, and brainstem was observed in yoga practitioners compared to controls (p < 0.0001), with a significant inverse correlation of resting parahippocampal and brainstem metabolism with years of regular yoga practice (ρ < − 0.63, p < 0.05). A single yoga practice resulted in significant hypermetabolism in the cerebellum (p < 0.0001). None of the MR measures differed, both at rest and after intervention.

Conclusions
Experienced yoga practitioners show regional long-term decreases in glucose metabolism related to years of practice. To elucidate a potential causality, a prospective longitudinal study in yoga-naive individuals is warranted.
Research on data mining algorithm of logistics time series based on intelligent integrated network structure
Authors: Zhang Zhengyi , Cui Jian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWith the continuous development of information, big data analysis has become important and dependent technical means-increasingly in various fields. By data mining through time series, the development regular of the object could be grasped, so we could predict its future development trend. Based on the intelligent integration architecture, a new algorithm of bi-weighted support vector machines (SVM) based on category weighting, and feature weighting was proposed to solve the problem of unbalanced samples in time series. In the non-balanced sample set classification, the recognition ability of the traditional classification method was low; the supported vector machine as classifier was taken in the new algorithm based on cost-sensitive learning, and different weighting coefficients to less and more samples were given, and Gauss kernel function with the weight coefficients of different features was reconstructed, thus the recognition ability of less samples was improved. In the experiment, classification accuracy, g-mean, f-measure, TP, and FP were selected as evaluation indexes, indicating that the two-weighted SVM algorithm is effective in the classification of non-balanced sample sets.
Hybrid WGWO: whale grey wolf optimization-based novel energy-efficient clustering for EH-WSNs
Authors: Rathore Rajkumar Singh , Sangwan Suman , Prakash Shiv , Adhikari Kabita , Kharel Rupak , Cao Yue 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe energy harvesting methods enable WSNs nodes to last potentially forever with the help of energy harvesting subsystems for continuously providing energy, and storing it for future use. The energy harvesting techniques can use various potential sources of energy, such as solar, wind, mechanical, and variations in temperature. Energy-constrained sensor nodes are small in size. Therefore, some mechanisms are required to reduce energy consumption and consequently to improve the network lifetime. The clustering mechanism is used for energy efficiency in WSNs. In the clustering mechanism, the group of sensor nodes forms the clusters. The performance of the clustering process depends on various factors such as the optimal number of clusters formation and the process of cluster head selection. In this paper, we propose a hybrid whale and grey wolf optimization (WGWO)-based clustering mechanism for energy harvesting wireless sensor networks (EH-WSNs). In the proposed research, we use two meta-heuristic algorithms, namely, whale and grey wolf to increase the effectiveness of the clustering mechanism. The exploitation and exploration capabilities of the proposed hybrid WGWO approach are much higher than the traditional various existing metaheuristic algorithms during the evaluation of the algorithm. This hybrid approach gives the best results. The proposed hybrid whale grey wolf optimization-based clustering mechanism consists of cluster formation and dynamically cluster head (CH) selection. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared with existing state-of-art routing protocols.
α-ψ-contractions and solutions of a q-fractional differential inclusion with three-point boundary value conditions via computational results
Authors: Etemad Sina , Rezapour Shahram , Samei Mohammad Esmael 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe review the existence of solutions for a three-point nonlinear q-fractional differential equation and also its related inclusion. In this way, we use α-ψ-contractions and multifunctions. Also, we provide two examples to illustrate our main results. Finally by providing some algorithms and tables, we give some numerical computations for the results.
Validity and reliability of the Greek version of Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS)
Authors: Mandrou Eleni , Tsounis Andreas , Sarafis Pavlos 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The need for developing pragmatic and reliable measures that affect evidence-based practice has been highlighted in organizational studies. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Greek version of Implementation Leadership Scale (ILS). ILS is a brief and effective tool for measuring leadership when implementing evidence based practices.

Methods
The translation process followed World Health Organization guidelines. Face and content validity were examined. Then, the psychometric properties of ILS were tested with a sample of 143 nurses and midwifes working in a private Greek hospital. Confirmatory Factor Analyses for structural validity testing, Pearson coefficient for convergent and discriminant validity testing as well as internal consistency analysis for reliability testing were conducted. Quality of leadership scale from COPSOQ II and Organizational Climate Measure were used for assessing convergent and discriminant validity, respectively.

Results
Greek version of ILS show good face and content validity. CFA results (x2 = 100. 69 (50); CFI = 0.93; GFI = 0.83; RMSEA = 0.06) confirmed the four-factor structure of the scale (Proactive, Knowledgeable, Supportive and Perseverant leadership). The internal consistency was excellent (a = 0.94 for total scale and between 0.85 and 0.91 for subscales). Analyses also revealed good convergent and discriminant validity.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that the Greek Version of ILS is a valid and reliable tool for measuring leadership of evidence based practices implementation. However, further research for assessing its psychometric properties in various samples and more professional groups is suggested.
Feasibility of a virtual reality-based interactive feedback program for modifying dysfunctional communication: a preliminary study
Authors: Kim Junhyung , Jung Young Hoon , Shin Yu-Bin , Kim Min-Kyeong , Eom Hyojung , Kim Eunjoo , Kim Joohan , Kim Jae-Jin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundFunctional communication is vital in many areas of daily life, and modifying dysfunctional communication has been emphasized in various social areas, including family and school. The present preliminary study addressed the feasibility of a virtual reality (VR)-based interactive feedback program for the modification of dysfunctional communication.MethodsThirty-seven healthy young males completed psychological assessments associated with functional communication and participated in the VR-based program, consisting of the three tasks of ‘exploring the communication style,’ ‘practicing functional communication,’ and ‘expressing empathy.’ Behavioral parameters were recorded based on the participants’ choices among available options and the visual analog scale scores that resulted in responses to questions in the tasks.ResultsParticipants completed the program without dropping-out and reported 10.76 (SD, 9.66) in the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire and 106.97 (SD, 16.66) in the Presence Questionnaire. In exploring the communication style, there was no difference between the dysfunction level-with family and dysfunction level-with a friend, but only the dysfunction level-with family showed significant correlations with the level of communication with parents. In practicing functional communication, the communication scores with the placating, blaming, and computing styles significantly increased according to the repetition of trials. In expressing empathy, the empathetic feeling score was negatively correlated with the perspective-taking score, whereas the emotional intensity score was positively correlated with the level of differentiation of the self.ConclusionThese results suggest that the program may have a tolerable level of cybersickness, an adequate level of presence, an improvement in the behavioral parameters that may reflect the important aspects of communication, and a proper reflection of psychological states or interpersonal characteristics. The use of this program can be an important starting point for the development of a more convenient method for delivering VR programs designed to modify dysfunctional communication, which can further increase computerized dissemination.
NMR structure and bactericidal activity of KR-12 analog derived from human LL-37 as a potential cosmetic preservative
Authors: Yun Hyosuk , Min Hye Jung , Lee Chul Won 
Published: May 2020

AbstractKR-12 was derived from the human antimicrobial peptide, LL-37. KR-12 maintains the antimicrobial activity of LL-37 and has low toxicity against human cells, thereby showing a high potential for various applications. In this study, the three-dimensional structure of KR-12 analog (KR-12-pa) was determined by solution NMR spectroscopy. The NMR structure of KR-12-pa revealed a nearly perfect amphipathic α-helical structure composed of multiple hydrophobic and positively charged residues. The minimal inhibitory concentration of KR-12-pa for various bacterial and yeast cells suggested that KR-12-pa has a much stronger antimicrobial activity than commercial cosmetic preservatives. In addition, KR-12-pa in cosmetic formulations showed much stronger bactericidal effects than conventional cosmetic preservatives and very low cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. These results suggest that KR-12-pa is applicable as a cosmetic preservative.
18F-FDG PET/CT based spleen to liver ratio associates with clinical outcome to ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma
Authors: Wong Annie , Callahan Jason , Keyaerts Marleen , Neyns Bart , Mangana Johanna , Aberle Susanne , Herschtal Alan , Fullerton Sonia , Milne Donna , Iravani Amir , McArthur Grant A. , Hicks Rodney J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint blockade such as ipilimumab and anti-PD1 monoclonal antibodies have significantly improved survival in advanced melanoma. Biomarkers are urgently needed as a majority of patients do not respond, despite treatment-related toxicities. We analysed pre-treatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerised tomography (FDG PET/CT) parameters to assess its correlation with patient outcome.

Methods
This retrospective study evaluated pre-treatment FDG PET/CT scans in a discovery cohort of patients with advanced melanoma treated with ipilimumab or anti-PD1. Pre-treatment scans were assessed for maximum tumoral standardised uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumour volume (MTV) and spleen to liver ratio (SLR). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were characterised and modelled using univariable and multivariable analyses. Correlation of SLR and OS was validated in an independent cohort. Blood parameters and stored sera of patients from the discovery cohort was analysed to investigate biological correlates with SLR.

Results
Of the 90 evaluable patients in the discovery cohort: 50 received ipilimumab monotherapy, 20 received anti-PD1 monotherapy, and 20 patients received ipilimumab followed by anti-PD1 upon disease progression. High SLR > 1.1 was associated with poor PFS (median 1 vs 3 months; HR 3.14, p = 0.008) for patients treated with ipilimumab. High SLR was associated with poor OS after ipilimumab (median 1 vs 21 months; HR 5.83, p = 0.0001); as well as poor OS after first line immunotherapy of either ipilimumab or anti-PD1 (median 1 vs 14 months; HR 3.92, p = 0.003). The association of high SLR and poor OS after ipilimumab was validated in an independent cohort of 110 patients (median 2.3 months versus 11.9 months, HR 3.74). SLR was associated with poor OS in a multi-variable model independent of stage, LDH, absolute lymphocyte count and MTV.

Conclusions
Pre-treatment Spleen to liver ratio (SLR) > 1.1 was associated with poor outcome after ipilimumab in advanced melanoma. This parameter warrants prospective evaluation.
Development of nuclear SSR and chloroplast genome markers in diverse Liriodendron chinense germplasm based on low-coverage whole genome sequencing
Authors: Li Bin , Lin Furong , Huang Ping , Guo Wenying , Zheng Yongqi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Liriodendron chinense ranges widely in subtropical China and northern Vietnam; however, it inhabits several small, isolated populations and is now an endangered species due to its limited seed production. The objective of this study was to develop a set of nuclear SSR (simple sequence repeats) and multiple chloroplast genome markers for genetic studies in L. chinense and their characterization in diverse germplasm.

Results
We performed low-coverage whole genome sequencing of the L. chinense from four genotypes, assembled the chloroplast genome and identified nuclear SSR loci by searching in contigs for SSR motifs. Comparative analysis of the four chloroplast genomes of L. chinense revealed 45 SNPs, 17 indels, 49 polymorphic SSR loci, and five small inversions. Most chloroplast intraspecific polymorphisms were located in the interspaces of single-copy regions. In total, 6147 SSR markers were isolated from low-coverage whole genome sequences. The most common SSR motifs were dinucleotide (70.09%), followed by trinucleotide motifs (23.10%). The motif AG/TC (33.51%) was the most abundant, followed by TC/AG (25.53%). A set of 13 SSR primer combinations were tested for amplification and their ability to detect polymorphisms in a set of 109 L. chinense individuals, representing distinct varieties or germplasm. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 8 to 28 with an average of 21 alleles. The expected heterozygosity (He) varied from 0.19 to 0.93 and the observed heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.11 to 0.79.

Conclusions
The genetic resources characterized and tested in this study provide a valuable tool to detect polymorphisms in L. chinense for future genetic studies and breeding programs.
Genome-wide variations analysis of sorghum cultivar Hongyingzi for brewing Moutai liquor
Authors: Zhou Lingbo , Wang Can , Gao Xu , Ding Yanqing , Cheng Bin , Zhang Guobing , Cao Ning , Xu Yan , Shao Mingbo , Zhang Liyi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundHongyingzi is a sorghum (Sorghum bicolorL. Moench) cultivar for brewing Moutai liquor. For an overall understanding of the whole genome of Hongyingzi, we performed whole-genome resequencing technology to reveal its comprehensive variations.ResultsCompared with the BTx623 reference genome, we uncovered 1,885,774 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 309,381 small fragments insertions and deletions (Indels), 31,966 structural variations (SVs), and 217,273 copy number variations (CNVs). These alterations conferred 29,614 gene variations. It was also predicted that 35 gene variations were related to the multidrug and toxic efflux (MATE) transporter, chalcone synthase (CHS), ATPase isoform 10 (AHA10) transporter, dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR), the laccase 15 (LAC15), flavonol 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H),O-methyltransferase (OMT), flavonoid 3′5′ hydroxylase (F3′5′H), UDP-glucose:sterol-glucosyltransferase (SGT), flavonol synthase (FLS), and chalcone isomerase (CHI) involved in the tannin synthesis.ConclusionsThese results would provide theoretical supports for the molecular markers developments and gene function studies related to the tannin synthesis, and the genetic improvement of liquor-making sorghum based on the genome editing technology.
The puzzle of spontaneous versus traumatic intracranial hemorrhages
Authors: Quiñones-Ossa Gabriel Alexander , Durango-Espinosa Yeider , Padilla-Zambrano Huber , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Keni Ravish , Deora Harsh , Agrawal Amit 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage is hemorrhage occurring in the brain that can occur because of immediate trauma or structural disease process. The age-standardized mortality rate is decreasing worldwide especially in the past 20 years, but the number of cases and incidence along with number of disability-adjusted life-years and deaths keeps rising. Despite having half the incidence as ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage (traumatic or spontaneous) causes more morbidity and mortality than ischemic stroke and yet an established strategy for treatment on the lines of reperfusion therapy is a far-fetched dream. A selective review of all relevant articles covering recent treatment options and guidelines along with major emphasis of the surgical aspect and pathophysiology has been done. Complete literature review and differences between management of traumatic and spontaneous hemorrhage were sought and discussed. A pathophysiological basis of management should be followed for both these different yet similar pathologies. Understanding the etiology reveals a somewhat clearer picture regarding treatment of this highly unfortunate and devastating disease. Current interest is focused on the surgical management of the disease with the pathophysiology often been forgotten.
Fine structure of the cardiac muscle cells in the orb-web spider Nephila clavata
Authors: Sun Yan , Kim Hyo-Jeong , Moon Myung-Jin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe fine structural characteristics of cardiac muscle cells and its myofibril organization in the orb web spider N. clavata were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Although myofibril striations are not remarkable as those of skeletal muscles, muscle fibers contain multiple myofibrils, abundant mitochondria, extensive sarcoplasmic reticulum and transverse tubules (T-tubules). Myofibrils are divided into distinct sarcomeres defined by Z-lines with average length of 2.0 μm, but the distinction between the A-band and the I-bands is not clear due to uniform striations over the length of the sarcomeres. Dyadic junction which consisted of a single T-tubule paired with a terminal cisterna of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is found mainly at the A-I level of sarcomere. Each cell is arranged to form multiple connections with neighboring cells through the intercalated discs. These specialized junctions include three types of intercellular junctions: gap junctions, fascia adherens and desmosomes for heart function. Our transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations clearly show that spider’s cardiac muscle contraction is controlled by neurogenic rather than myogenic mechanism since each cardiac muscle fiber is innervated by a branch of motor neuron through neuromuscular junctions.