bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiential learning for adolescents – results from a 2-year school-based oral health educational program
Authors: Ilici Roxana Romanita , Didilescu Andreea Cristiana , Sfeatcu Ruxandra , Dumitrache Mihaela Adina 
Published: December 2019

Background: For oral health promotion, teenagers represent an important target group, given that appropriate personal oral hygiene and dietary behaviors are established during this period of life. Experiential learning is an educational approach where learning comes through experience.
The aim of the Erasmus+ project “Youth Community-Based Oral Health Learning Model” was to assess the influence of a school-based experiential education program on oral health status, knowledge and behavior among a group of schoolchildren in Bucharest.
Methods: This longitudinal interventional study started in 2015 and enrolled 120 adolescents from three public schools. At baseline, all subjects were clinically examined and received a questionnaire. They were split into two groups: the test group received three experiential lessons and control group benefited from a demonstration of tooth brushing technique.
Results were presented for the test group, 76 schoolchildren, divided in two age groups: 13-14 years and 15-16 years. More children from the test group adopted twice-daily tooth brushing compared to the control group. The level of knowledge was good, but the role of a noncariogenic diet must be emphasized.
Conclusions: The oral health program had positive effects on oral health knowledge and behavior among adolescents. The present study indicated that intervention using experiential learning involving dental students was effective in increasing oral health attitudes and behavior among adolescents from 13-16 years of age included in the study.
The effect of rotation upon dental structure components following orthodontic fix appliance
Authors: Păcurar Mariana , Brezeanu Ligia , Olteanu Cristian , Dombi Karina , Sita Dragos , Molnar Cristina 
Published: December 2019

Background and aims. The purpose of the study is to evaluate through a FEM (Finite Element Method) the effects of the rotation movement upon a complex structure (enamel– pulp -alveolar bone, PDL), for external load.
Method. The progressive action of a fixed orthodontic device on three teeth: first molar, first and second premolar is modeled and simulated with the components placed on the buccal and palatal surfaces of the tooth. For the reproduction of a situation similar to the real one, the loading of the model was performed through a nodal force applied at a height of the crown, of various amplitudes, F = 1 N; 2, 3 and 4 N. The values of stress are: maximum stress of the whole structure and the shearing effect for the pulp.
Results. The characteristics of the material are Young’s E modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the components of the modeled structure. The most stressed elements of the structure are the pulp and the ligament, revealed by von Mises stress. The elements of the structure are mainly stressed in fiber compression in the direction of the moment’s action given by the orthodontic forces and in fiber stretching in the opposite direction. Out of the orthodontic movements: translation, tipping, intrusion-extrusion , rotation is the most dangerous.
Conclusions. The accumulated stress effect in the pulp becomes dangerous. The orthodontic movements given by dental force values higher than 1.5-2N are to be avoided.
Chair-side saliva parameters assessment and caries experience evaluation
Authors: Chifor Ioana , Rusu (Dascalu) Laura , Picos Andrei , Chifor Radu , Badea Iulia , Tisler Corina , Badea Mindra 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. Carioreceptivity-based, individualized prevention protocols allow a minimally invasive approach in many patients, in all age groups. The long-term success of such protocols depends not only on the actual caries experience of the patients, but also on the possible responses based on natural defense mechanisms. Therefore the salivary flow, the buffer capacity of stimulated and non-stimulated saliva and mostly the Streptococcus Mutans and Lactobacilli number are highly important in deciding whether a long-term remineralization therapy can be successfully applied for early stage caries lesions. Similar tests may record the the acidogenicity of dental biofilms. These risk factors can be entered into a computer-based risk assessment program (such as Cariogram).
Methodology. An extensive literature search was performed on Medline/PubMed using as key-words: Streptococcus Mutans, Lactobacilli, saliva volume, pH and buffer capacity. The methodology of selecting the reviewed literature and the inclusion criteria were based on articles published in the last ten years.
Results. Besides topically applied remineralization products, either in-office or at-home, changes in the diet can diminish the number of cario-active bacteria, especially Lactobacilli.
Latest researches show that dentifrices, especially toothpastes containing xylitol and/or probiotics can have a significant cario-protective effect.
Conclusions. Dental caries assessment is very important for specific age groups, because most risk factors have specific consequences in different age groups. Pre-teen and teenage patients need more individualized caries management strategies in order to avoid the onset of new caries lesions. Root caries risk may be decreased by an intensive and continuous preventive care.
Metaphysical Aspects of Rose Ausländer’s Poetry
Authors: Piasta Ewa Anna 
Published: December 2019

This article analyzes six poems by Rose Ausländer, a poet of Jewish origin, who lived in the years 1901–1988. She was born at Chernivtsi (then in the Austro-Hungarian Empire), and died in Düsseldorf (Germany). Ausländer wrote in German and in English. The aim of this paper is to discuss the metaphysical aspects of Ausländer’s poems and to demonstrate that these aspects are manifested on the semantic, lexical and axiological levels. My interest is in the spiritual experience evoked by her poetry, resulting from a transcendence-and Absolute-oriented existence, experienced in terms of mystery. Another objective is to determine whether the said metaphysical experience receives religious specification. The ergocentric method, as proposed by Zofia Zarębianka in her research into the sacred in literature, is based on the assumption that this phenomenon is inherent in the text itself and can thus be investigated without referring to external circumstances or searching therein for itsorigins. This allows for a greater concentration onthe very phenomenon of the sacred as present ina literary text.The analysis of the poems shows that references to God the Creator tend to be frequent, and that human participation in the act of creation is repeatedly stressed. The speaker assumes a posture of dependence on, respect for and admiration of the Absolute. Significant to the spiritual dimension of this poetry is seeing material reality and the affairs “of this world” in eschatological terms. Ausländer’s poetry reveals a system of Bible-based beliefs, such as those concerning the love for one’s neighbour. An adequate reading of the meanings evoked in Ausländer’s lyrical texts becomes possible when the Bible is seen as the prototype of the lyrical situations presented in her poems. The primacy of spiritual meanings, as well as the search for identity, eternity, fullness and the creative powers of God, become clear indeed. The religious vocabulary of the poems under discussion is rather poor. Instead, it is axiological references and allusions to Biblical fragments, such as psalm verses, that construct the poems’ metaphysical aspects. These are then made more specific with the use of notions typical of the Judeo-Christian tradition.
Tendencies in Noun Stress in the Southern Aukštaitian Subdialects in Handwritten Sources of the 1950s and 1960s
Authors: Ragaišienė Vilija 
Published: December 2019

The article deals with variously stressed nouns that were discovered in the 1950s and 1960s in handwritten sources of the southern Aukštainian subdialects in the archive of dialects of the Language History and Dialectology Department of the Institute of the Lithuanian Language. Data on the nouns and noun forms of the southern Aukštaitians, collected from almost the entire area under study, i.e., fifty-five inhabited settlements, demonstrate two tendencies: stress variance and oxytogenesis.Summarising the collected data, it was established that nouns with the same stem (o, io, ā, ē, ā, i, u and u) are most often stressed in two ways in the southern Aukštaitian area, e.g., kaklas (2/4), žmogùs (4) / žmõgus (2), and others.Words with non-productive i, u, u and consonant stems can also have separate parallels with other stems, or parallel forms of other separate stems, e.g.: vags (4), sing. gen. vagiẽs / vãgio, cf. nom. vãgys / vagia, šuvà (4), sing. gen. šuñs / šunès / šuniẽs / šùnio, etc.The abundance of the variants discovered in these handwritten sources of rather small volume demonstrates the intensity of stress variance in the southern Aukštaitian area in the 1950s and 1960s, which is corroborated by two facts. First, most of the forms of the words with variable stress in the sources under study appear several or even many times. Second, quite a few forms of such nouns were discovered within the same subdialect. Despite all this, nouns in the southern Aukštaitian subdialects are not stressed interchangeably, but according to one accentual paradigm. From two stress variants used in the subdialects, one is main, the other a parallel variant. The nouns in the handwritten sources are stressed in two ways, most often according to the paradigms of stem and mobile accentuation, e.g., bróliai / brolia, sõdžius (2) / sodžiùs (4), etc. The appearance of nouns with dual stress in the southern Aukštaitian subdialects and the tendency towards oxytogenesis are primarily related to the accentual and semantic models of two plurals, simple and collective, which are being reconstructed, e.g., pelis, pl. peliai / collect. pl. peilia.The stress on the singular instrumental endings and/or of the plural accusative forms of nouns with acute stems might also be related to the collective plural. The existence of such forms can be determined by the levelling of the accentual paradigm, cf., pėda, pėd, pėdám(s), pėdùs, pėdas. The possibility that the discussed forms could have been inherited, i.e., could have originated from the oxytonic paradigm, should not be discounted. Undoubtedly, noun accentuation might have been influenced by the factors of stem interaction: the existence of homonymous forms, levelling of the morpho(no)logic paradigm, the conformity of the system, etc. There is also no doubt that the accentuation analogue had an influence as well (especially that of productive stems on unproductive ones).
DSM-5 Internet gaming disorder among a sample of Mexican first-year college students
Authors: Borges Guilherme , Orozco Ricardo , Benjet Corina , Martínez Martínez Kalina I. , Contreras Eunice Vargas , Jiménez Pérez Ana Lucia , Peláez Cedrés Alvaro Julio , Hernández Uribe Praxedis Cristina , Díaz Couder María Anabell Covarrubias , Gutierrez-Garcia Raúl A. , Quevedo Chavez Guillermo E. , Albor Yesica , Mendez Enrique , Medina-Mora Maria Elena , Mortier Philippe , Rumpf Hans-Juergen 
Published: December 2019

Background and aims
DSM-5 includes Internet gaming disorder (IGD) as a condition for further study. While online and offline gaming may produce undesired negative effects on players, we know little about the nosology of IGD and its prevalence, especially in countries with emerging economies.

Methods
A self-administered survey has been employed to estimate prevalence of DSM-5 IGD and study the structure and performance of an instrument in Spanish to measure DSM-5 IGD among 7,022 first-year students in 5 Mexican universities that participated in the University Project for Healthy Students (PUERTAS), part of the World Health Organization’s World Mental Health International College Student Initiative.

Results
The scale for IGD showed unidimensionality with factor loadings between 0.694 and 0.838 and a Cronbach’s α = .816. Items derived from gaming and from substance disorders symptoms mixed together. We found a 12-month prevalence of IGD of 5.2% in the total sample; prevalence was different for males (10.2%) and females (1.2%), but similar for ages 18–19 years (5.0%) and age 20+ (5.8%) years. Among gamers, the prevalence was 8.6%. Students with IGD were more likely to report lifetime psychological or medical treatment [OR = 1.8 (1.4–2.4)] and any severe role impairment [OR = 2.4 (1.7–3.3)]. Adding any severe role impairment to the diagnostic criteria decreased the 12-month prevalence of IGD to 0.7%.

Discussion and conclusions
Prevalence of DSM-5 IGD and the performance of diagnostic criteria in this Mexican sample were within the bounds of what is reported elsewhere. Importantly, about one in every seven students with IGD showed levels of impairment that would qualify them for treatment under DSM-5.
EVALUASI SISTIM BUDIDAYA LELE: ASPEK PRODUKSI DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGANNYA (Studi Kasus: Pembudidaya Lele Kabupaten Tangerang)
Authors: Fauziyah Nur , Nirmala Kukuh , Supriyono Eddy , Hadiroseyani Yani 
Published: December 2019

Budi daya lele merupakan komponen penting dalam sektor usaha perikanan air tawar di Kabupaten Tangerang dengan kontribusi lebih dari 70% (senilai Rp109,5 milyar) pada tahun 2018. Meskipun demikian, diperlukan peningkatan produksi di masa yang akan datang dalam rangka mengantisipasi perkembangan dan kebutuhan pasar. Peningkatan tersebut perlu didukung oleh informasi potensi budi daya serta strategi pengembangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai karakteristik kegiatan budi daya serta merumuskan strategi pengembangan budi daya lele di Kabupaten Tangerang. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui survei dengan kuesioner terstruktur selama bulan Oktober 2018 hingga Januari 2019. Metode analisis data terdiri atas analisis deskriptif dan analisis SWOT. Alternatif strategi yang diprioritaskan berdasarkan hasil analisis SWOT yaitu strategi SO (Strength-Opportunities) yang berada pada kuadran I. Peningkatan keterampilan, ketersediaan benih berkualitas, dan penerapan teknolologi informasi diharapkan mampu mendukung efisiensi, produktivitas dan keberlanjutan usaha. Alternatif strategi yang disarankan yaitu: (1) Dinas terkait memfasilitasi pelatihan teknologi intensifikasi budi daya yang ramah lingkungan, serta penyediaan benih unggul; dan (2) Perluasan wilayah pemasaran dan pengembangan usaha dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi, serta penguatan kerjasama antar pembudidaya.Title: Evaluation of Catfish Farming System: Production Aspect and Developmental Strategy, (Case studies: Catfish Farmers in Tangerang Regency)Catfish farming is an important element in the freshwater fisheries business in Tangerang Regency that contributes more than 70 percent of total production (Rp. 109.5 billion) in 2018. However, it is necessary to increase the number of future production to anticipate the market demand. This increasing production should be supported with information on potential aquaculture and its development strategies. This study aims to describe the characteristics of aquaculture activities as well as to formulate the development strategies of catfish farming in Tangerang Regency. Data were collected by structured questionnaires from October 2018 to January 2019. Data were analyzed using descriptive and SWOT analysis. Result of SWOT analysis suggests that SO (Strength-Opportunities), which was in quadrant 1, should be prioritized. Skill improvement, availability of good fingerling, and application of information technology were expected to encourage its productivity, efficiency, and business sustainability. The study suggests following recommendation: (1) Associated agencies facilitate training of green intensification on aquaculture technology and supply superior fingerlings; and (2) Market expansion and business development using information technology, and the intense cooperation among farmers.
Comportamiento del consumidor de productos nacionales de la canasta familiar en el municipio de Maicao, la Guajira
Authors: Quintero-Ramos Meudis , López-Juvinao Danny , Acuña-Lacouture Saidec 
Published: December 2019

Objetivo: analizar el comportamiento del consumidor de productos nacionales de la canasta familiar en el municipio de Maicao, La Guajira. Método: esta investigación presenta un enfoque positivista, cuantitativo y de carácter descriptivo. En ella se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra de 157 personas consumidores del municipio de Maicao en distintos espacios donde se expenden productos de la canasta familiar y de diferentes estratos sociales. Resultados y discusiones: mediante los datos obtenidos bajo la aplicación del instrumento se logró identificar los diversos factores que influyen en el comportamiento del consumidor, obteniendo como resultados que los consumidores del municipio de Maicao no son influenciados de manera directa al momento de realizar sus compras por los factores expuestos por los diferentes autores que soportan dicha investigación. Conclusiones: existe una idiosincrasia muy marcada por los consumidores de la canasta básica familiar en este municipio además de mantener culturalmente una fidelización de marca.
The assessment and management of pain in children with Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a sub-Saharan setting.
Authors: Hutton Hayley , Wilmshurst Jo 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Neuropathic pain is challenging to manage in children compounded by inappropriate assessment tools. The lack of evidence-based pain control guidelines for children results in clinicians deferring to expert opinion and personal preference. Children with Guillain-Barré Syndrome are particularly at risk is of neuropathic pain.Objectives and Methods: This is a retrospective study of children with Guillain-Barré Syndrome who were admitted to Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa over a 10 year period. The study reviewed their pain assessment and management practice.Results: Eighty-four children were identified with Guillain-Barré Syndrome. 76% had symptoms of pain and 53% had breakthrough pain reported. Standardised pain rating scales were used in 3 patients. A mean of 2.7 analgesics were used per patient. Carbamazepine and gabapentin, were utilised in 27 and 20 patients respectively. The use of gabapentin increased 73% per annum from 2009. There was no statistical difference between these two groups for length of hospital stay or long-term disability.Conclusion: This study identified a significant gap in the assessment of pain in children with Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Tools to adequately assess pain are needed, especially in immobile and non-verbal children. Management of pain revealed a high use of adjuvant drugs. The dramatic increase in the use of gabapentin related to clinician preference and was not supported by any evidence. Clinical outcomes for both the carbamazepine and the gabapentin group were no different.
Yenilenen Kentlerde Nostaljik Söylemler ve Kurgusal Mekânlar
Authors: SATILMIŞ Rukiye 
Published: December 2019

Yaklaşık son
on-onbeş yıldır yenileme geçiren kentlere bakıldığında gerek yeni yapıların
inşaa edilip pazarlanmasında gerek eski yapıların restorasyonlarında
‘nostaljik’ söylemlerin payının yadsınamayacak derece olduğu görülmektedir.
Yatırımcılar yeni inşa ettikleri konutlarının nostaljik reklamlarında geçmişin
güzel, sakin ve huzur dolu eski günlerini müşterilerine vaat ederken, yerel
yönetimler ise tarihi yapıları restore ederek geçmişin nostaljik günlerini
canlandırdıklarını iddia etmektedirler. Bu durum sadece mekânların yapım ya da
onarım süreçlerine değil aynı zamanda kullanım biçimlerine de (nostaljik
kafeler vb.) etki etmektedir. Sürekli bir dönüşüm sürecinde olan kentlerde bir
taraftan yeni yapılar ve yeni yaşam şekli inşaa ediliyorken diğer taraftan sınırlı bir alanda eskiyi
yad etme ve yaşatma çabası dikkat çekmektedir. Bu makale,
kentlerdeki iki önemli aktörün –yatırımcıların ve yerel yönetimlerin, nostaljik
temalarının kent yenileme uygulamaları açısından işlevlerini ve aynı zamanda bu
temaların kentte yaşayanlar açısından ne gibi anlamlar ifade ettiğini
sorgulamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu nedenle
çalışmada nostaljinin kent hayatı açısından anlamları üzerinde durularak kent ve
nostalji ilişkisi değerlendirilmektedir.
Çerkezköy Organize Sanayi Bölgesinde Bir Tekstil İşletmesinin En Uygun Kumaş Seçimi Probleminin Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi Yöntemi İle Analizi
Authors: ARI Erkan , AYDIN Ebru 
Published: December 2019

İşletmeler, üretim sürecinde karar verirken birçok faktör rol
oynamaktadır. Çalışmada, tekstil sektöründe kumaş üretimi yapan bir işletmenin en uygun kumaş seçimi Analitik Hiyerarşi
Prosesi ile analiz edilmiştir. Firmanın yoğun olarak ürettiği 4 çeşit kumaş ele
alınmıştır. Bu kumaşlar içeresinden karara etki eden kriter ve alt kriterler
belirlenmiştir. Analizde 5 çeşit kriter ele alınmış ve bu kriterler de kendi
içlerinde alt kriterlere ayrılmıştır. Karar verici olarak, üretimde karar vermeye
yetkisi bulunan bir ekip ile değerlemeler yapılmıştır. Kriter ve alt kriterlere
Expert Choice programı ile ikili karşılaştırmalar yapılmış ve karar
vericiler aracılığı ile değer verilerek analiz sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
Ekonomik Büyüme, İstihdam ve İşsizlik İlişkisi: Geniş Tanımlı İşsizlik Oranları ile Türkiye Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: BAYRAK Selami 
Published: December 2019

Ekonomik büyüme, işsizlik ve istihdam kavramları iktisadın temel kavramlarındandır. Son yıllarda Türkiye özelinde de çokça tartışılan istihdamsız büyüme ile ilişkilendirilebilecek bu konuya, geniş tanımlı işsizlik kavramının da katılarak tartışılması, farklı açılardan bakılmasına ve daha iyi analiz edilmesine katkı sağlayacaktır. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada resmi işsizlik verilerinin yanında geniş tanımlı işsizlik kavramı ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki de incelenmiştir. Ekonomik büyüme, istihdam, resmi işsizlik ve geniş tanımlı işsizlik oranları, 2005-2017 arasında 3 aylık veriler kullanılarak, Maki (2012) eşbütünleşme testi Gauss 10 programı, KPSS (1992) birim kök testi ve Toda-Yamamoto (1995) nedensellik testleri Eviews 10 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. İşsizlik ile ekonomik büyüme arasında tek yönlü, geniş tanımlı işsizlik ile ekonomik büyüme arasında ise çift yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisinin varlığı tespit edilmiştir.
THE EFFICIENCY OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IN INDONESIA IN 2014-2018
Authors: Dwi Atmanti Hastarini , Naylah Maal 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is to measure the efficiency of the healthcare system in Indonesia in 2014-2018.
Methodology: The Data Envelopment Analysis model was used to analyze 33 Provinces in Indonesia in the 2014-2018 period. The input variables are the number of health human resources at the community health centre, health human resources at the hospital, the number of hospitals, the number of community health centres and the realization of per capita deconcentration health funds. The output variable was Life Expectancy Index.
Main Findings: The results of the analysis show that Lampung, West Java, Banten, West Nusa Tenggara and West Sulawesi whose health system reaches efficiency compared to other provinces in Indonesia during the observation period.
Applications: This result suggests that the provinces where health services are inefficient are caused by the low absorption of health deconcentration funds. These findings indicate that the distribution of health services in all regions has not been equally conveyed. These findings can be used to develop a program to assist and improve the efficiency of the health care system in Indonesia.
Novelty: One of the input variables used in this study is the realization of health deconcentration funds per capita which is the novelty of previous research.