bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement in tricuspid regurgitation following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Markman Timothy M. , Plappert Theodore , De Feria Alsina Alejandro , Levin Michael , Amankwah Nigel , Sheth Samip , Gertz Zachary M. , Schaller Robert D. , Marchlinski Francis E. , Rame Jesus E. , Frankel David S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionFunctional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) remains a challenging clinical problem with poor outcomes and few effective treatments. Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with functional TR. We sought to determine whether restoring sinus rhythm through catheter ablation of AF can decrease the degree of TR.Methods and ResultsA retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing AF ablation between 2011 and 2017 at a single center was conducted. We included patients with at least moderate TR on echocardiogram within the year preceding ablation, who underwent repeat echocardiogram within the year following ablation. Formal quantitative analysis was performed by an experienced research echocardiographer, blinded to arrhythmia outcomes. Arrhythmia‐free survival was correlated to the extent of improvement in TR. Thirty‐six patients met the inclusion criteria. A baseline echocardiogram was performed 37 ± 68 days before ablation and follow‐up echocardiogram 139 ± 112 days following ablation. Patients were 63.7 ± 11.1 years old with a mean CHA2DS2‐VASc score of 2.7 ± 1.7. The degree of TR improved by at least one grade in 23 patients (64%). TR area decreased from 11.6 ± 3.4 to 7.0 ± 3.5 cm2 (p < .001) following ablation. Freedom from AF postablation was associated with a greater likelihood of improvement in TR by at least one grade (100% vs. 41%, p = .02).ConclusionsIn patients with AF and at least moderate TR, catheter ablation is associated with substantial improvement in TR severity.
MCTR1 enhances the resolution of lipopolysaccharide‐induced lung injury through STAT6‐mediated resident M2 alveolar macrophage polarization in mice
Authors: Wang Qian , Zhang Hua‐Wei , Mei Hong‐Xia , Ye Yang , Xu Hao‐Ran , Xiang Shu‐Yang , Yang Qian , Zheng Sheng‐Xing , Smith Fang‐Gao , Jin Sheng‐Wei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a fatal disease characterized by excessive infiltration of inflammatory cells. MCTR1 is an endogenously pro‐resolution lipid mediator. We tested the hypothesis that MCTR1 accelerates inflammation resolution through resident M2 alveolar macrophage polarization. The mice received MCTR1 via intraperitoneal administration 3 days after LPS stimulation, and then, the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was collected 24 hours later to measure the neutrophil numbers. Flow cytometry was used to sort the resident and recruited macrophages. Post‐treatment with MCTR1 offered dramatic benefits in the resolution phase of LPS‐induced lung injury, including decreased neutrophil numbers, reduced BAL fluid protein and albumin concentrations and reduced histological injury. In addition, the expression of the M2 markers Arg1, FIZZ1, Remlα, CD206 and Dectin‐1 was increased on resident macrophages in the LPS + MCTR1 group. Resident macrophage depletion abrogated the therapeutic effects of MCTR1, and reinjection of the sorted resident macrophages into the lung decreased neutrophil numbers. Finally, treatment with MCTR1 increased STAT6 phosphorylation. The STAT6 inhibitor AS1517499 abolished the beneficial effects of MCTR1. In conclusion, MCTR1 promotes resident M2 alveolar macrophage polarization via the STAT6 pathway to accelerate resolution of LPS‐induced lung injury.
Clinical evaluation of a universal adhesive in non‐carious cervical lesions
Authors: Rouse Matthew A. , May Jaren T. , Platt Jeffrey A. , Cook N. Blaine , Capin Oriana R. , Adams Brooke N. , Kirkup Michele L. , Diefenderfer Kim E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the clinical performance of a universal adhesive in class V non‐carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) using two surface treatment protocols (self‐etch [SfE] vs selective‐enamel‐etch [SelE]).Material and methodsThirty‐three adults, each with ≥2 NCCLs, received one resin composite restoration utilizing a SfE universal adhesive and another utilizing the adhesive and SelE with 37% phosphoric acid. Restorations were evaluated for sensitivity, retention, marginal discoloration, marginal adaptation, and clinical acceptability through 24 months using Cochran‐Mantel‐Haenszel tests for stratified, ordered categorical outcomes.ResultsSixty‐six restorations (35 SfE, 31 SelE; 27 volunteers) were evaluated at 24 months. There were no significant differences between SfE and SelE for sensitivity, retention, marginal adaptation, or clinical acceptability. One SfE restoration was lost. Marginal adaptation was significantly worse at 24 months than baseline for SelE (P = 0.01), but not for SfE. Marginal discoloration was significantly worse for SfE (P = 0.02), but not for SelE. Sensitivity improved from baseline to 24 months for both groups (SelE P = 0.004, SfE P = 0.002).ConclusionsTwenty‐four‐month data indicated significantly reduced sensitivity for both groups, worse marginal discoloration for SfE, and worse marginal adaptation for SelE. No changes in retention or clinical acceptability were observed in either group. All retained restorations were clinically acceptable at 24 months.Clinical SignificanceBoth self‐etch and selective enamel etch techniques with a universal adhesive produced clinically acceptable results in resin composite restorations for NCCLs over 2 years.
Effects of smoke produced from smoldering plants on the Aspergillus flavus growth and production of aflatoxin in pistachio
Authors: Shaterian Mohammadi Atena , Aminian Heshmatolah , Jamshidnia Arsalan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAflatoxin (AF) contamination of the Iranian exporting pistachio has become a major problem in the last decades. In this study, the antifungal effects of smoke produced from the smoldering of several herbal plants were investigated. Four different ratios of plant weight/exposure time (5/5, 10/15, 15/30, and 20 g/45 min) were used from each plant material to smoke two isolates of Aspergillus flavus (A47 and A3), grown in potato dextrose agar (PDA). The results showed that the 20 g/45 min treatment using smoldering cinnamon bark, neem leaves, and clove flowers had efficient inhibitions of 100, 85, and 75%, respectively. Furthermore, the smoking of pistachio inoculated with a spore concentration of 1 × 106 / ml using 30 g of cinnamon bark, neem leaves, and clove flowers for 75 min was capable of preventing the production of different types of AF, that is, B1, B2, G1, and G2 in the treated products. There is a good potential to smoke pistachio with these three herbal plants and prevent the production of AF in pistachio during the handling, storage, and transportation.
Iron promotes the clearance of α‐synuclein
Authors: Tuo Qing‐Zhang , Lei Peng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBoth elevated iron and α‐synuclein (α‐syn) aggregates are neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been previously shown that iron promotes α‐synuclein aggregation, and α‐synuclein dysfunction impairs iron metabolism. In their latest work, Kim et al. have shown that the H63D variant of the homeostatic iron regulator (HFE) facilitates α‐syn degradation via REDD1‐mediated autophagy. Mice with the H63D variant of HFE were protected against α‐syn toxicity. These results may shed light on recent clinical studies of PD using iron chelation therapy.
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Neuroendocrine mechanisms of grief and bereavement: A systematic review and implications for future interventions
Authors: Hopf Dora , Eckstein Monika , Aguilar‐Raab Corina , Warth Marco , Ditzen Beate 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBereavement is associated with many negative behavioural, psychological and physiological consequences and leads to an increased risk of mortality and morbidity. However, studies specifically examining neuroendocrine mechanisms of grief and bereavement have yet to be reviewed. This systematic review is a synthesis of the latest evidence in this field and aims to draw conclusions about the implications of neurobiological findings on the development of new interventions. PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were used to search for articles assessing neuroendocrine correlates of grief. Findings were qualitatively summarised. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Study Assessment Tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Out of 460 papers, 20 met the inclusion criteria. However, most were of fair quality only. As a neuroendocrine marker, the majority of the studies reported cortisol as the outcome measure and found elevated mean cortisol levels, flattened diurnal cortisol slopes and higher morning cortisol in bereaved subjects. Cortisol alterations were moderated by individual differences such as emotional reaction to grief, depressive symptoms, grief severity, closeness to the deceased and age or gender. Research on neuroendocrine mechanisms of grief is still in its early stages regarding grief measures and the use and timing of neuroendocrine assessments. Most of the studies focus on cortisol as outcome, and only limited data exist on other biomarkers such as oxytocin. Future research might consider assessing a broader range of neuroendocrine markers and use longitudinal designs with a focus on the psychobiological reactions to loss. Based on this, individually tailored psychosocial interventions, possibly in the palliative care context, might be developed to prevent prolonged grief disorder.
Prevention of impending scalp necrosis by topical nitroglycerine in hair transplant surgery
Authors: Abbas Zaheer , Kufi Hamid 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecipient site necrosis is a rare but potentially devastating complication of hair restoration surgery. Appropriate case selection and procedure performed by expert surgical team are although mandatory but not enough to prevent such event, particularly in megasessions. Timely recognition of impending necrosis is very important to consider preventive measures.AimsWe aim to evaluate the use of topical nitroglycerine in preventing the incidence of impending necrosis in hair restoration surgery.MethodsA retrospective observational study was designed to determine the efficacy of nitroglycerine spray in consecutive cases of hair transplant troubled with dusky skin vulnerable to necrosis. 1580 cases that underwent hair transplant were enrolled and topical nitroglycerine was used in 88 patients vulnerable to necrosis. A management algorithm was also proposed from clinical observations and literature review to avoid vascular injury that may lead to necrosis.Results83 cases (94.32%) were rescued by topical nitroglycerine and five developed necrosis eventually. Five cases who had considerable black hue and treated successfully with above treatment were reported in detail.ConclusionOur experience with the use of nitroglycerine spray on the cyanotic area aided in the prevention of impending necrosis due to its vasodilatory effects on arterioles.
NIGHT LIGHTS IN ECONOMICS: SOURCES AND USES1
Authors: Gibson John , Olivia Susan , Boe‐Gibson Geua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNight lights, as detected by satellites, are increasingly used by economists, typically as a proxy for economic activity. The growing popularity of these data reflects either the absence, or the presumed inaccuracy, of more conventional economic statistics, like national or regional GDP. Further growth in use of night lights is likely, as they have been included in the AidData geoquery tool for providing subnational data, and in geographic data that the Demographic and Health Survey links to anonymized survey enumeration areas. Yet, this ease of obtaining night lights data may lead to inappropriate use, if users fail to recognize that most of the satellites providing these data were not designed to assist economists, and have features that may threaten validity of analyses based on these data, especially for temporal comparisons, and for small and rural areas. In this paper, we review sources of satellite data on night lights, discuss issues with these data, and survey some of their uses in economics.
Risk of hedonic bias in sensory co‐elicitations: Comparison of CATA questions and applicability ratings
Authors: Jaeger Sara R. , Jin David , Roigard Christina M. , Le Blond Marie , Ares Gastón 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCo‐elicitation of hedonic responses and sensory responses is now common. Against this background, this research compared the risk of hedonic bias from sensory check‐all‐that‐apply (CATA) questions and sensory term ratings from unstructured line scales (RQ1) and evaluated if the risk of hedonic bias is independent of the sensory terms of the CATA question (RQ2). Seven studies with 137–293 participants each were conducted, using different product categories. Between‐subjects experimental designs were used and allocated consumers to one experimental condition (EC). For RQ1, these were hedonic, hedonic immediately followed by a CATA question, and hedonic immediately followed by a rating of term applicability (“not at all” to “extremely”). In RQ2, both ECs involved hedonic ratings followed by a CATA question, but the sensory terms differed. Results showed a significant effect of EC on hedonic ratings in three of five studies for RQ1, suggesting that hedonic bias may or may not occur. For RQ2, the terms of the CATA question influenced hedonic ratings in two of three studies, and a negative hedonic effect was seen when CATA terms drew attention to particular characteristics of individual samples. Collectively, the results suggest that likelihood of bias depends on interactions between product category, samples, and terms.Practical applicationsResults from the present work suggest that hedonic bias in sensory co‐elicitations using CATA questions and scales may occur depending on the type of sensory attributes considered in the study. The consideration of terms that trigger attention to specific sensory attributes of the samples may lead to changes in hedonic ratings. Rating scales appear more likely to be associated with hedonic bias compared to CATA questions due to their more analytic approach to sample evaluation.
Evaluation of the new Id‐Fungi plates from Conidia for MALDI‐TOF MS identification of filamentous fungi and comparison with conventional methods as identification tool for dermatophytes from nails, hair and skin samples
Authors: Sacheli Rosalie , Henri Anne‐Sophie , Seidel Laurence , Ernst Marie , Darfouf Rajae , Adjetey Caroline , Schyns Marjorie , Marechal Ludwig , Meex Cécile , Arrese Jorge , Hayette Marie‐Pierre 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe first compare the efficiency of mould/dermatophyte identification by MALDI‐TOF MS using a new medium called Id‐Fungi plates (IDFP) from Conidia® and two different databases. For the second purpose, we evaluated a new version of the medium supplemented with cycloheximide, Id‐Fungi plates Plus (IDFPC) for the direct inoculation of nails, hair and skin samples and compared the efficiency of MALDI‐TOF MS identification of dermatophytes to classical methods based on culture and microscopy.MethodsA total of 71 strains have been cultured IDFP and Sabouraud gentamicin plates (SGC2) and were identified by MALDI‐TOF MS. For the evaluation of the combination IDFPC/ MALDI‐TOF MS as a method of identification for dermatophytes, 428 samples of hair nails and skin were cultivated in parallel on IDFPC and Sabouraud + cycloheximide medium (SAB‐ACTI).ResultsFor Aspergillus sp and non‐Aspergillus moulds, the best performances were obtained on IDFP after maximum 48‐h growth, following protein extraction. For dermatophytes, the best condition was using the IDFP at 72 hours, after extended direct deposit. Regarding the direct inoculation of nails, hair skin on IDFPC, 129/428 (30.1%) showed a positive culture against 150/428 (35%) on SAB‐ACTI medium. Among the 129 positive strains, the identification by MALDI‐TOF MS was correct for 92/129 (71.4%).ConclusionThe IDFP allows the generation of better spectra by MALDI‐TOF MS compared to SGC2. It facilitates sampling and deposit. Regarding the use of IDFPC, this medium seems less sensitive than SAB‐ACTI but among positive strains, the rate of correct identification by MALDI‐TOF MS is satisfactory.
Relating three‐dimensional airway measurements to the apnea‐hypopnea index in pediatric sleep apnea patients
Authors: Masoud Ahmed I. , Alwadei Abdurahman H. , Gowharji Lena F. , Park Chang G. , Carley David W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectives(a) To evaluate three‐dimensional radiographic airway analysis as it relates to the pre‐test probability for sleep apnea in pediatric patients, and (b) to develop cut‐off values for measurements showing promising results.Setting and Sample PopulationA consecutive series of pediatric patients between the ages of 7 and 17 years, referred for a sleep study were recruited. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were acquired for 103 subjects within one month following the sleep study.MethodsThree‐dimensional airway analysis was performed including volumetric, area and linear measurements. Correlations with the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for prediction of AHI ≥ 5 and AHI ≥ 10.Results99 CBCT scans were included (median age = 11 years). The nasopharyngeal volume (NPV) significantly correlated with AHI (rho≈‐0.4, P < .05). In subjects aged 7‐11 years, proposed cut‐off values for NPV are 2400mm3 and 1600mm3 for AHI ≥ 5 and AHI ≥ 10, respectively. In subjects aged 12‐17 years, proposed cut‐off values for NPV are 3500mm3 and 2700mm3 for AHI ≥ 5 and AHI ≥ 10, respectively. Oropharyngeal cross‐sectional area (OCSA) demonstrated significant predictive value in ROC curve analysis, and cut‐off values for this airway measure are also proposed.ConclusionsContrary to findings in adults, the NPV shows promise when screening for sleep apnea in children when CBCT scans are available. The OCSA might also be of value when screening for sleep apnea especially in older children.
Hematopoietic cell transplantation in pediatric patients with acute leukemias or myelodysplastic syndrome using unrelated adult or umbilical cord blood donors in Brazil
Authors: Tavares Rita de Cássia Barbosa , Bonfim Carmem Sales , Seber Adriana , Pereira Lermontov Simone , Coulturato Vergílio , Zecchin Victor Gottardello , Ribeiro Lisandro , Fernandes Juliana Folloni , Daudt Liane Esteves , Grecco Carlos S. , Darrigo‐Jr Luiz Guilherme , Villela Neysimélia , Nichele Samantha , Gouveia Roseane , Bouzas Luís Fernando , Hamerschlak Nelson , Vigorito Afonso Celso , da Silva Paula Moreira , da Silva Priscila de Oliveira , da Silva Cinthya Corrêa , de Souza Fernandez Cecília , Flowers Mary Evelyn , Arcuri Leonardo Javier 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe choice of alternative donors for HCT for patients without an HLA‐matched related donor depends on several factors. We compared major HCT outcomes in 212 consecutive children transplanted at 11 centers in Brazil for acute leukemia or MDS from an HLA‐matched unrelated donor (MUD, n = 95), mismatched unrelated donor (MMUD, n = 47) or unrelated umbilical cord blood (UCB, n = 70). Most had ALL (61%), bone marrow (57%) as the graft source and 95% received a MAC regimen. The 3‐year OS probability were 57, 55, and 37% after HCT from MUD, MMUD, and UCB, respectively (HR 1.68, 95%CI 1.07‐2.63; P = .02). In comparison with MUD, OS was similar after transplantation of a ≥ 6/8 HLA‐matched or a high cell dose (>5 × 107 TNC/kg) CB unit (HR 1.41, 95%CI 0.88‐2.27; P = .15). NRM was higher for UCB (HR 3.90, 95%CI 1.43‐10.7; P = .01) but not for MMUD (HR 1.03, 95%CI 0.53‐2.00; P > .20). Advanced disease (HR 2.05, 95%CI 1.26‐3.33; P < .001) and UCB with high probability of being < 6/8 HLA‐matched (HR 5.34, 95%CI 2.0‐13.9; P < .001) were associated with higher mortality. Relapse and acute GVHD were similar among groups, while PGF was higher among UCB transplants (P = .002) and chronic GVHD among MMUD group (HR 2.88, 95% CI 1.05‐7.88; P = .04). Our results suggest that in Brazil HCT outcomes performed with MMUD and MUD donors were comparable, while with UCB units < 6/8 HLA‐matched were associated with higher NRM for children with acute leukemia or MDS.
Associations of sitting and physical activity with grip strength and balance in mid‐life: 1970 British Cohort Study
Authors: Cooper Rachel , Stamatakis Emmanuel , Hamer Mark 
Published: August 2020

Strength and balance training are now recommended in many physical activity (PA) guidelines. However, it is unclear whether these recommendations are applicable to middle‐aged adults. We aimed to examine the associations of sitting and physical activity times with grip strength and standing balance performance in mid‐life. Up to 4726 participants from the 1970 British Cohort study, with data on sitting and activity (measured using a thigh‐worn accelerometer (activPAL3‐micro)), grip strength and balance times at age 46 years were included in analyses. Associations of sitting, moderate‐vigorous, and total PA times with grip strength and balance performance were tested using linear and multinomial logistic regression models, respectively. Greater time spent sitting was associated with weaker grip strength even after adjustment for potential confounders and MVPA time (fully adjusted regression coefficient: −0.51 kg (95% CI: −0.63, −0.39) per 1‐hour sitting/day). Associations of PA time with grip strength were not independent of sitting time. There was only a weak association between sitting time and balance performance but greater MVPA and total PA times were associated with higher relative risks of successfully balancing for 30 seconds with eyes closed (vs poor balance). However, these associations were fully attenuated after adjustments for covariates. In summary, among a sample of middle‐aged adults a robust association between sitting time and grip strength was observed. These findings suggest potential benefits of actively promoting less sitting alongside activities that specifically benefit muscle strength and balance performance in mid‐life to ensure that people maintain all important aspects of their physical capability as they age.
Participation in sports/recreational activities and incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in adults
Authors: Mielke Gregore I. , Bailey Tom G. , Burton Nicola W. , Brown Wendy J. 
Published: August 2020

Evidence of prospective associations between participation in sports and recreational activities (SRAs) and health outcomes at the population level is scarce. We investigated the associations between participation in SRAs and 6‐year incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in a cohort of mid‐age Australian adults. We analyzed data from the HABITAT study (n = 8784), a cohort of adults aged 40+ years living in Brisbane, Australia. Mail surveys in 2007, 2009, 2011, and 2013 were used to collect data on participation in 11 SRAs in the past 12 months, as well as self‐reported hypertension, diabetes, height, and weight. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2. Logistic generalized estimating equation models with a 2‐year lag were used. Participation in SRAs in 2007, 2009, and 2011 was matched with outcomes measured in 2009, 2011, and 2013. From 2007 to 2013, the cumulative incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity was 14.9%, 3.2%, and 11%, respectively. Running, tennis, team sports, exercise classes, and resistance training were associated with reduced odds of hypertension. Running, cycling, resistance training, and yoga/tai chi were associated with reduced odds of diabetes. Cycling, tennis, home‐based exercises, resistance training, and yoga/tai chi were associated with lower odds of obesity. Participation in SRAs was associated with lower incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in mid‐age adults over six years. These findings support current efforts to promote wider and continuing participation in SRAs at this life stage.