bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D Bioprinting of Neural Tissues
Authors: Cadena Melissa , Ning Liqun , King Alexia , Hwang Boeun , Jin Linqi , Serpooshan Vahid , Sloan Steven A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe human nervous system is a remarkably complex physiological network that is inherently challenging to study because of obstacles to acquiring primary samples. Animal models offer powerful alternatives to study nervous system development, diseases, and regenerative processes, however, they are unable to address some species‐specific features of the human nervous system. In vitro models of the human nervous system have expanded in prevalence and sophistication, but still require further advances to better recapitulate microenvironmental and cellular features. The field of neural tissue engineering (TE) is rapidly adopting new technologies that enable scientists to precisely control in vitro culture conditions and to better model nervous system formation, function, and repair. 3D bioprinting is one of the major TE technologies that utilizes biocompatible hydrogels to create precisely patterned scaffolds, designed to enhance cellular responses. This review focuses on the applications of 3D bioprinting in the field of neural TE. Important design parameters are considered when bioprinting neural stem cells are discussed. The emergence of various bioprinted in vitro platforms are also reviewed for developmental and disease modeling and drug screening applications within the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as their use as implants for in vivo regenerative therapies.
Aluminum Plasmonics Enriched Ultraviolet GaN Photodetector with Ultrahigh Responsivity, Detectivity, and Broad Bandwidth
Authors: Dubey Abhishek , Mishra Ragini , Hsieh Yu‐Hung , Cheng Chang‐Wei , Wu Bao‐Hsien , Chen Lih‐Juann , Gwo Shangjr , Yen Ta‐Jen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPlasmonics have been well investigated on photodetectors, particularly in IR and visible regimes. However, for a wide range of ultraviolet (UV) applications, plasmonics remain unavailable mainly because of the constrained optical properties of applicable plasmonic materials in the UV regime. Therefore, an epitaxial single‐crystalline aluminum (Al) film, an abundant metal with high plasma frequency and low intrinsic loss is fabricated, on a wide bandgap semiconductive gallium nitride (GaN) to form a UV photodetector. By deliberately designing a periodic nanohole array in this Al film, localized surface plasmon resonance and extraordinary transmission are enabled; hence, the maximum responsivity (670 A W−1) and highest detectivity (1.48 × 1015 cm Hz1/2 W−1) is obtained at the resonance wavelength of 355 nm. In addition, owing to coupling among nanoholes, the bandwidth expands substantially, encompassing the entire UV range. Finally, a Schottky contact is formed between the single‐crystalline Al nanohole array and the GaN substrate, resulting in a fast temporal response with a rise time of 51 ms and a fall time of 197 ms. To the best knowledge, the presented detectivity is the highest compared with those of other reported GaN photodetectors.
Agrivoltaics—The Perfect Fit for the Future of Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Meitzner Rico , Schubert Ulrich S. , Hoppe Harald 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis Essay presents a possible pathway for the advancement of organic photovoltaics toward broader commercial success and enlarged market size. This vision aims at broad scale applications in photovoltaic greenhouses and polytunnels, which harvest those portions of the solar spectrum that are not used or required by plants. Based on the assumptions of the Shockley–Queisser–Limit, respectively detailed balance, and the additional postulation of using no absorption in the visible part of the AM 1.5G solar spectrum a power conversion efficiency of ≈17% is theoretically predicted. The suggestion is supported by the existence of a number of organic compounds, which already exhibit a good spectral compatibility with the typical photosynthetic action spectrum of chloroplasts. It is hoped that more suitable materials development shall be triggered and fertilized as a result of this Essay.
A Pilot Randomized, Controlled, Double‐Blind Trial of Bumetanide to Treat Neonatal Seizures
Authors: Soul Janet S. , Bergin Ann M. , Stopp Christian , Hayes Breda , Singh Avantika , Fortuno Carmen R. , O'Reilly Deirdre , Krishnamoorthy Kalpathy , Jensen Frances E. , Rofeberg Valerie , Dong Min , Vinks Alexander A. , Wypij David , Staley Kevin J. ,   for the Boston Bumetanide Trial Group
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveIn the absence of controlled trials, treatment of neonatal seizures has changed minimally despite poor drug efficacy. We tested bumetanide added to phenobarbital to treat neonatal seizures in the first trial to include a standard‐therapy control group.MethodsA randomized, double‐blind, dose‐escalation design was employed. Neonates with postmenstrual age 33 to 44 weeks at risk of or with seizures were eligible. Subjects with electroencephalography (EEG)‐confirmed seizures after ≥20 and <40mg/kg phenobarbital were randomized to receive additional phenobarbital with either placebo (control) or 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3mg/kg bumetanide (treatment). Continuous EEG monitoring data from ≥2 hours before to ≥48 hours after study drug administration (SDA) were analyzed for seizures.ResultsSubjects were randomized to treatment (n = 27) and control (n = 16) groups. Pharmacokinetics were highly variable among subjects and altered by hypothermia. The only statistically significant adverse event was diuresis in treated subjects (48% vs 13%, p = 0.02). One treated (4%) and 3 control subjects died (19%, p = 0.14). Among survivors, 2 of 26 treated subjects (8%) and 0 of 13 control subjects had hearing impairment, as did 1 nonrandomized subject. Total seizure burden varied widely, with much higher seizure burden in treatment versus control groups (median = 3.1 vs 1.2 min/h, p = 0.006). There was significantly greater reduction in seizure burden 0 to 4 hours and 2 to 4 hours post‐SDA (both p < 0.01) compared with 2‐hour baseline in treatment versus control groups with adjustment for seizure burden.InterpretationAlthough definitive proof of efficacy awaits an appropriately powered phase 3 trial, this randomized, controlled, multicenter trial demonstrated an additional reduction in seizure burden attributable to bumetanide over phenobarbital without increased serious adverse effects. Future trials of bumetanide and other drugs should include a control group and balance seizure severity. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:327–340
Synthesis of Nitride Zeolites in a Hot Isostatic Press
Authors: Wendl Sebastian , Zipkat Mirjam , Strobel Philipp , Schmidt Peter J. , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe recently introduced nitridophosphate synthesis in a hot isostatic press (HIP) enabled simple access to large‐scale product quantities starting from exclusively commercially available starting materials. Herein, we show that this method is suitable for the synthesis of highly condensed functional nitridophosphates, as well. Hence, the syntheses of the nitridophosphate zeolites Ba3P5N10X (X=Cl, Br) are presented as proof of concept for this innovative access. Furthermore, samples of unprecedented Sr3P5N10X (X=Cl, Br) were prepared and characterized to demonstrate the advantages of this synthetic approach over commonly used methods. Luminescence investigations on Eu2+‐doped samples of AE3P5N10X (AE=Sr, Ba; X=Cl, Br) were carried out and characteristics of observed emission bands are discussed.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Chemically and Biologically Diverse Pyrroquinoline Pseudo Natural Products
Authors: Liu Jie , Cremosnik Gregor S. , Otte Felix , Pahl Axel , Sievers Sonja , Strohmann Carsten , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNatural product (NP) structures are a rich source of inspiration for the discovery of new biologically relevant chemical matter. In natural product inspired pseudo‐NPs, NP‐derived fragments are combined de novo in unprecedented arrangements. Described here is the design and synthesis of a 155‐member pyrroquinoline pseudo‐NP collection in which fragments characteristic of the tetrahydroquinoline and pyrrolidine NP classes are combined with eight different connectivities and regioisomeric arrangements. Cheminformatic analysis and biological evaluation of the compound collection by means of phenotyping in the morphological “cell painting” assay followed by principal component analysis revealed that the pseudo‐NP classes are chemically diverse and that bioactivity patterns differ markedly, and are dependent on connectivity and regioisomeric arrangement of the fragments.
Label‐Free Colorimetric Biosensors Based on Aptamers and Gold Nanoparticles: A Critical Review
Authors: Zhang Fang , Liu Juewen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTaking advantage of the adsorption of single‐stranded DNA oligonucleotides by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the protection effect of the adsorbed DNA against salt‐induced aggregation of AuNPs, a label‐free colorimetric sensor for the detection of DNA was reported in 2004. Since then, the range of target molecules has extended from complementary nucleic acids to metal ions and small molecules by using aptamers. In the presence of target molecules, a blue color arising from aggregated AuNPs is expected. However, these sensors only considered aptamer binding to its target, and the adsorption of aptamers by AuNPs, while the target/AuNP interactions were ignored. We recently found that target adsorption can often dominate the system. In this Review, we list literature examples of using this label‐free strategy for sensing aptamer targets. Seven target analytes are discussed in detail. For As(III), dopamine, melamine, kanamycin, adenosine, and ATP, target adsorption dominated, and the same color change was observed even with non‐aptamer sequences. Only in the case of K+ detection, did the effect of specific aptamer binding dominate, attributable to weak K+/AuNP interactions. These examples call for a careful evaluation of target adsorption and the use of non‐aptamer control sequences in validating these sensors.
Recycled polyester nanofiber as a reservoir for essential oil release
Authors: Bohaczuk Venturelli Rafaela , Serafini Immich Ana Paula , M. A. Guelli U. de Souza Selene , U. de Souza Antônio Augusto 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe importance of creating sustainable alternatives for products that can be easily recyclable, such as, poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), is not new, being textile fibers the product of greatest interest. The objective of this work is to propose a recycling alternative for PET bottles for fiber production as a reservoir of essential oils for aromatherapy applications. The fibers were obtained via coaxial and dual‐jet electrospinning techniques. The material used in the impregnation and release of peppermint oil was PET originating from disposable bottles. The release of oil from the electrospun fibers was quantified by UV–vis spectroscopy. For the fibers produced by dual‐jet electrospinning the cumulative release of peppermint reached around 70% after 30 days. The sample obtained by coaxial electrospinning had a core‐shell structure and the amount of oil released was 33% after 30 days. In this investigation, a less aggressive process was introduced, making the electrospinning of PET a viable technique for essential oil impregnation. Dual‐jet as well as coaxial electrospinning showed slower release than values reported in the literature. Thus, a procedure with more favorable working conditions was developed, making the process more feasible and serving as an alternative for recycling PET bottles to produce functional textiles.
Flexible papers derived from polypyrrole deposited cellulose nanofibers for enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding in gigahertz frequencies
Authors: Gopakumar Deepu A. , Pai Avinash R. , Pottathara Yasir Beeran , Pasquini Daniel , de Morais Luís Carlos , Khalil H.P.S. Abdul , Nzihou Ange , Thomas Sabu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAn array of highly conductive, lightweight and flexible cellulose nanopapers as effective attenuators of electromagnetic radiations within 8.2–12.4 GHz (X band) were formulated via in situ polymerization of pyrrole monomers on to cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). It is quite obvious that the free hydroxyl groups on the surface of CNFs facilitate the formation of intense intermolecular hydrogen bonding with PPy which is envisaged for its excellent electromagnetic shielding performance with an average shielding effectiveness of ca. –22 dB (>99% attenuation) at 8.2 GHz for a paper having 1 mm thickness. The fabricated papers displayed a predominant absorption mechanism (ca. 89%) rather than reflection (ca. 11%) for efficiently attenuating electromagnetic radiations, which has a considerable importance in the modern telecommunication sector. Thus, the designed PPy/CNF papers would replace the conventional metal‐based shields and pave way for the development of green microwave attenuators functioning via a strong absorption mechanism. The PPy/CNF nanopapers exhibited a DC conductivity of 0.21 S/cm, a prime requisite for the development of highly efficient electromagnetic shields. Undoubtedly, such nanopapers can be employed in wide range of applications such as electrodes for supercapacitors and other freestanding flexible paper‐based devices.
Jet evolution and fiber formation mechanism of amylopectin rich starches in centrifugal spinning system
Authors: Li Xianglong , Lu Yishen , Hou Teng , Zhou Jing , Wang Antuo , Zhang Xianggui , Yang Bin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article reports the jet evolution process and fiber formation mechanism of the amylopectin rich starch solution in centrifugal spinning system, and the linear polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is applied to compare with starch solution. The results indicate that jet evolution processes of starch solution include steady state and Rayleigh–Taylor instability over the whole concentration range for the spinnability investigation, which are due to the hyperbranched molecular of amylopectin. As a compression, the linear molecular chain PVP solution expresses a steady state jet under the spinning concentration. The spinnability results show that the obtained starch fibers are always containing the beads due to the Rayleigh–Taylor instability of jet, but can be effectively controlled by solution concentration and amylose/amylopectin. Instead, the PVP fibers show a rapid decreasing of beads till to almost disappear with the increasing of solution concentration, which due to the improvement of chain entanglement increase the steady state portion of jet with the increasing of concentration. The thermal properties of obtained fiber show that fibers obtained from amylose with more thermal stability.
Robust state‐error port‐controlled Hamiltonian trajectory tracking control for unmanned surface vehicle with disturbance uncertainties
Authors: Lv Chengxing , Yu Haisheng , Zhao Na , Chi Jieru , Liu Hailin , Li Lei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper proposed a novel disturbance observer‐based control state‐error port‐controlled Hamiltonian (DOBC‐SEPCH) control strategy for optimization of energy consumption and enhancement of tracking performance for unmanned surface vehicle (USV) with unknown environmental disturbances via the PCH system techniques. Firstly, an observer is constructed to estimate disturbances. Then, an energy‐based controller is constructed by using the SEPCH system method. In addition, the SEPCH controller provided that the tracking errors converged exponentially to zero. The SEPCH technique is augmented by a disturbance observer. Due to the controller need to be designed in two stages, the stability of the whole system will be difficult to be discussed. We give the proof of the stability of the desired target dynamic system. The robustness and control performance of the system are enhanced. The simulation and comparison results illustrate the performance of this controller.
Rapid simultaneous determination of gut microbial phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolites in rat serum, urine, and faeces using LC–MS/MS and its application to a type 2 diabetes mellitus study
Authors: Zou Baorong , Sun Yangwen , Xu Zengmei , Chen Yongda , Li Lin , Lin Lei , Zhang Shaobao , Liao Qiongfeng , Xie Zhiyong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGut microbial phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolites are closely linked to various diseases. Monitoring the alterations of the related metabolites is vital to facilitate the understanding of pathophysiology of diseases. Herein, a rapid and sensitive assay based on LC–tandem mass spectrometry has been developed to analyze 20 gut microbial metabolites derived from phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan in rat serum, urine, and faeces. These microbial‐derived metabolites were separated on a phenyl‐hexyl column and simultaneously determined in a single run of 8 min. The detection limit for analytes ranged between 1.08 and 32.4 ng/mL. All calibration curves exhibited good linear relationships (R2 ≥ 0.9982). Intra‐ and inter‐assay precision values were below 15% and accuracies ranged from 85% to 115% for all analytes. The selectivity, matrix effect, and recovery of this method were all satisfactory. The validated method was successfully applied to characterize the alterations of these metabolites in type 2 diabetes mellitus rat. In general, the developed assay is suitable for high‐throughput monitoring of gut microbial phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan metabolites and provides a useful approach for exploring the mechanisms of microbial‐derived metabolites in diseases.
Perspectives on updates, clarifications and controversies in chromatographic assay guidance for bioanalytical method validation from major regulatory agencies and organizations
Authors: King Kris , Li Pei , Pietrasiewicz Alicia , Goldstein Stanley 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBioanalysis, a key supporting function for generating data for pre‐clinical and clinical studies in drug development, is under the regulation of local agencies as well as global organizations to ensure the data integrity and quality in submission. As major regulatory agencies and organizations, the US Food and Drug Administration, the European Medicines Agency and the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use have been updating their industry guidance for bioanalytical method validation, to keep up with the development new modalities, technologies and regulations. This article summarizes the recent updates and any clarifications and controversies triggered by those updates. Perspectives and recommendations are given based on our own experience as well as commonly accepted practice in the bioanalytical community.
Analyzing the scientific foundation of Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation Syndrome: A reply to Lyon et al.
Authors: London Kamala , Bruck Maggie , Miller Quincy C. , Ceci Stephen J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe issue before the New Jersey Supreme Court in the Frye hearing New Jersey v. J.L.G. (2018) was whether the scientific community agreed that Summit's (1983) Child Sexual Abuse Accommodation Syndrome rested on a firm scientific foundation. Lyon et al. (this issue) critique our approach to describing child sexual abuse disclosure, which involved extrapolating rates from children who came to the attention of authorities. Lyon et al. claim that our conclusions are marred by sampling biases resulting from what they term the ground truth problem, suspicion bias and substantiation bias. The points Lyon et al. claim we “fell victim to” were the very points we acknowledge are inherent difficulties in estimating the extent to which children will come forward to tell others about sexual maltreatment. Lyon et al. offer an alternative solution to the inherent difficulties in studying a difficult‐to‐identify population, relying in large part on 21 papers published mostly in the 1960s and 1970s. We argue that the method they propose has more flaws than the one it is intended to replace. Points of agreement and disagreement, along with suggestions for future research, are discussed. Moving forward, we argue that studies are needed that embrace both validity and generalizability in order to foster data‐driven theories rather than invoking the intuitive suppositions of Summit's (1983) syndromal evidence.
Molecular mechanisms of plant adaptive responses to heavy metals stress
Authors: Kosakivska Iryna V. , Babenko Lidia M. , Romanenko Kateryna O. , Korotka Iryna Y. , Potters Geert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHeavy metals (HMs) are among the main environmental pollutants that can enter the soil, water bodies, and the atmosphere as a result of natural processes (weathering of rocks, volcanic activity), and also as a result of human activities (mining, metallurgical and chemical industries, transport, application of mineral fertilizers). Plants counteract the HMs stresses through morphological and physiological adaptations, which are imparted through well‐coordinated molecular mechanisms. New approaches, which include transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics analyses, have opened the paths to understand such complex networks. This review sheds light on molecular mechanisms included in plant adaptive and defense responses during metal stress. It is focused on the entry of HMs into plants, its transport and accumulation, effects on the main physiological processes, gene expressions included in plant adaptive and defense responses during HM stress. Analysis of new data allowed the authors to conclude that the most important mechanism of HM tolerance is extracellular and intracellular HM sequestration. Organic anions (malate, oxalate, etc.) provide extracellular sequestration of HM ions. Intracellular HM sequestration depends not only on a direct binding mechanism with different polymers (pectin, lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, etc.) or organic anions but also on the action of cellular receptors and transmembrane transporters. We focused on the functioning chloroplasts, mitochondria, and the Golgi complex under HM stress. The currently known molecular mechanisms of plant tolerance to the toxic effects of HMs are analyzed.
Alexithymia in nonviolent offenders
Authors: Parry Cate L. , Preece David A. , Allan Maria M. , Allan Alfred 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlexithymia is a trait involving difficulties processing emotions. Existing data suggest it is associated with violent offending. In violent offender programmes, therefore, violent offenders are screened for alexithymia and it is attended to if necessary. No studies have, however, examined alexithymia levels in nonviolent offenders and it is, therefore, unknown whether it is also a criminogenic factor in this population.AimsTo investigate alexithymia levels among incarcerated nonviolent offenders and compare them with a community comparison group.MethodThe 20‐item Toronto Alexithymia Scale was used to compare the alexithymia levels of 67 incarcerated nonviolent offenders with a group of 139 people from the general public living in the community.ResultsAlexithymia levels did not differ between the groups.ConclusionIt appears that alexithymia is not a criminogenic factor for nonviolent offenders and screening of such offenders appears unnecessary.