bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Cancer Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Preparedness to Practising Continuous Cancer Care
Authors: Ramachandra C. , Sugoor Pavan , Karjol Uday , Arjunan Ravi , Altaf Syed , Halkud Rajshekar , Krishnappa R. , Chavan Purushotham , Siddappa K. T. , Shetty Rathan , Pallavi V. R. , Rathod Praveen , Shobha K. , Sabitha K. S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented pressure on healthcare services. Deprioritisation of nonemergency clinical services and growing concerns of adverse outcomes of COVID-19 in cancer patients is having a deleterious impact across oncologic practice. We report cancer surgery outcomes taking into account the acuity of the COVID-19 situation. A prospectively maintained database of the Department of Surgical Oncology was analysed from 1st May to 30th June, 2020, to evaluate the perioperative outcomes, morbidity and mortality following major surgical procedures. A total of 359, preoperatively, tested negative for COVID-19 underwent surgery. Median age was 52 years with 26.7% (n = 96) above the age of 60 years. Sixty-one percent (n = 219) patients were American Society of Anaesthesiology grades II–III. As per surgical complexity grading, 36.8% (n = 132) cases were lower grades (I–III) and 63.2% (n = 227) were complex surgeries (IV–VI). 5.3% (n = 19) had ≥ grade III Clavien-Dindo complication, and the postoperative mortality rate was 0.27% (n = 1). Major complication rates in patients > 60 years were 9.3% in comparison to 4.1% in < 60 years (p = 0·63). The median hospital stay was 1–10 days across subspecialties. Postoperatively, repeat COVID 19 testing in 2 suspected patients were negative. Our study showed that after screening, triaging and prioritisation, asymptomatic cases may undergo cancer surgeries without increased morbidity during COVID-19 pandemic.
Production simulations based on a productivity potential proxy function: An application to UNISIM-I-D and PUNQ-S3 synthetic reservoirs
Authors: Roque Waldir L. , Araújo Cristina P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOil recovery from a reservoir involves quite a lot of challenges related to well placement before any action can be taken. An important step is proposing a reservoir target area that provides an indication of high potential for oil recovery. In other words, a position presenting high productivity potential according to some criteria. A simple proposal is the potential productivity proxy function (PP) based on the oil-bearing and mobility capacities of oil suggested as $$\phi k{S_{\rm o}}^n$$

ϕ
k

S
o

n

, where n is a correlation parameter, $$\phi$$
ϕ
is porosity, k is absolute permeability and $$S_{\rm o}$$

S
o

is oil saturation at grid block. In this paper, we consider this proxy function as a well placement strategy based on the column-wise ($${\text {PP}}_{\rm C}$$

PP
C

) and layer-wise ($${\text {PP}}_{\rm L}$$

PP
L

) values. To test this model, the UNISIM-I-D and PUNQ-S3 synthetic reservoirs are considered. Several production simulations are realized assuming a set of vertical wells placed at the best $${\text {PP}}_{\rm C} \cap {\text {PP}}_{\rm L}$$

PP
C

∩

PP
L

, supported by the additional considerations of minimizing the water saturation and respecting a minimum distance between wells. The results, compared to the production of the original grouped UNISIM-I-D and grouped PUNQ-S3 wells, show a reasonable performance of the PP strategy for well placement. In addition, the net present value shows that the proposed wells are economically feasible. The study provided that under certain conditions, $${\text {PP}}_{\rm C} \cap {\text {PP}}_{\rm L}$$

PP
C

∩

PP
L

is an alternative approach to find out target positions exhibiting a high productivity potential for well placement appropriateness and oil recovery.
A New Approach for the Design, Construction and Control of Compacted Mineral Liners of a MSW Landfill Capping
Authors: Cortellazzo G. , Mandaglio M. C. , Busana S. , Favaretti M. , Moraci N. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDesign parameters typically used for the mineral liner of landfill cover system (e.g. water contentw, dry densityρdand hydraulic conductivityk) are often difficult to obtain on site. After construction, these experimental parameters need to be checked against the predicted values. In this paper, a rigorous procedure for design, construction and control of a compacted mineral liner in a capping multilayer system has been developed. The procedure has been schematically subdivided in three phases. The first phase (design) was based on a wide preliminary set of laboratory tests, composed of classification, compaction and permeability tests. An analytical relationship among degree of saturationSr, dry densityρdand hydraulic conductivitykis also defined. The second phase (construction) was developed through a suitable compaction of the mineral liner planned after the design phase. The last phase (in-site control) consists of checking the design parameters (w,Sr,ρd,k) actually achieved on site. A comparison between coefficientsk, obtained through site permeability tests and an analytical relationship obtained in the design phase, was made successfully. Owing to this new approach, it will no longer be necessary to perform in situ permeability tests, but it will be enough to define the above-mentioned analytical relationship during the design phase. In this way, a dangerous damage to the mineral liner, caused by the execution of invasive permeability tests, will be also avoided.
Potential advantages in combining smart and green infrastructure over silo approaches for future cities
Authors: Kaluarachchi Yamuna 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCities are incorporating smart and green infrastructure components in their urban design policies, adapting existing and new infrastructure systems to integrate technological advances to mitigate extreme weather due to climate change. Research has illustrated that smart green infrastructure (SGI) provides not only climate change resilience but also many health and wellbeing benefits that improve the quality of life of citizens. With the growing demand for smart technology, a series of problems and challenges, including governance, privacy, and security, must be addressed. This paper explores the potential to transition from grey, green, or smart silos to work with nature-based solutions and smart technology to help change cities to achieve considerable environmental and socio-economic benefits. The concepts of grey, green, and smart infrastructure are presented, and the needs, benefits, and applications are investigated. Moreover, the advantages of using integrated smart, green nature-based solutions are discussed. A comprehensive literature review is undertaken with keyword searches, including journal papers, stakeholder and case study reports, and local authority action plans. The methodology adopts multimethod qualitative information review, including literature, case studies, expert interviews, and documentary analysis. Published data and information are analysed to capture the key concepts in implementing SGI systems, such as storm-water control, flood and coastal defense, urban waste management, transportation, recreation, and asset management. The paper investigates the elimination of silo approaches and the alleviation of the destructions caused by extreme weather events using these interdependent SGI systems supported by novel data-driven platforms to provide nature-based solutions to boost the health and wellbeing of the residents.
Making socio-legal Research More Social by Design: Anglo-German Roots, Rewards, and Risks
Authors: Perry-Kessaris Amanda 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis Article looks for signs of Anglo-German life in the literature and practice under-pinning the current move to use “designerly ways” in socio-legal research; and asks whether design has a role to play in nurturing a sense of Anglo-German socio-legal community. It argues that a “sociological imagination” is essential if we are to fully understand possible synergies between design and socio-legal research, and the risks and rewards of activating them; and that while we cannot know what socio-legal research will or ought to look like in the coming months and years we must pay more attention to designing those moments that we are lucky enough to share in person.
Finding New Ways of “Doing” Socio-Legal Labor Law History in Germany and the UK: Introducing a “Minor Comparativism”
Authors: Zahn Rebecca 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLabor law scholars have been receptive to socio legal methods, going beyond doctrinal legal sources and looking to other disciplines including industrial relations, sociology, and history. This Article revisits the development of socio legal labor law scholarship in Germany and the UK in order to understand the different approaches within the context of two different legal and academic cultures, and considers how a comparison can provide new insights at a time when the discipline is in a state of flux. In particular, this Article focuses on how history can provide an entrée into different ways of comparing labor law and labor relations systems. It seeks to start a methodological debate on “how to do” labor law history within the context of the discipline’s socio legal origins. In a final section, it uses insights from history and comparative law in order to develop a new methodology—a “minor comparativism”—which unearths the processes and influences underpinning the historical development of labor law which have hitherto escaped the legal record. Such an approach enables scholars to reassess traditional narratives—a worthwhile endeavor at a time when the future role of labor law in regulating work is under scrutiny.
ON THE JESUIT-MARONITE PROVENANCE OF LEBANON'S CRIMINALIZATION OF HOMOSEXUALITY
Authors: Strenski Ivan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractArticle 534 of the Lebanese Penal Code, effectively, criminalizes homosexual practices. Most commentators have claimed that its existence in modern Lebanon is a “colonial relic,” specifically of the French Mandate, 1920–1946. But since 1791, French penal codes have not criminalized same-sex relations. I argue, instead, that Article 534 was the product of native religious, legal, and moral thinking among the Maronites, reinforced by the Thomistic and post-Tridentine moral theology taught in Lebanon by the Jesuit missions. Thomistic and post-Tridentine moral theology classified same-sex relations as worthy of condemnation as “unnatural acts”—the same language used in Article 534. Therefore, as a product of Lebanese political and religious sectarianism, Article 534 is a specific case of a congenial collaboration of Jesuit moral theology and a conservative Maronite ethical and legal koine.
Islam, gender segregation, and political engagement: evidence from an experiment in Tunisia
Authors: Bush Sarah Sunn , Prather Lauren 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Arab world has historically had limited descriptive representation for women, although that is changing. Will having more women officeholders lead women citizens to become more engaged? Or could it depress engagement due to pervasive gender biases? To answer these questions, this paper uses a nationally-representative experiment in Tunisia. Unexpectedly, people were less likely to want to contact their representatives when primed to think of a mixed-gender group of officeholders compared to an all-women group. This pattern did not vary according to respondents’ gender. Further analyses reveal that the effect was concentrated among Islamists, which is consistent with some Islamists’ support for gender segregation. This finding encourages research examining women's political presence in conservative environments where gender segregation is common.
The Exploratory Mindset and Corporate Innovation
Authors: He Zhaozhao , Hirshleifer David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe propose that chief executive officer (CEO) exploratory mindset (inherent desire to search for novel ideas and long-term orientation) promotes innovation. Firms with CEOs with PhD degrees (PhD CEOs) produce more exploratory patents with greater novelty, generality, and originality. PhD CEOs engage less in managing earnings and stock prices, invest more in research and development (R&D) and alliances, generate higher long-term value of patents, and experience more positive market reactions to R&D alliances. Their firms achieve superior long-run operating performance. They tend to be hired by research-intensive firms with poor financial performance. Evidence from managerial incentive shocks and turnovers suggests that these effects do not derive solely from CEO–firm matching.
Epidemiologic significance of Toxoplasma gondii infections in turkeys, ducks, ratites and other wild birds: 2009–2020
Authors: Dubey J. P. , Murata F. H. A. , Cerqueira-Cézar C. K. , Kwok O. C. H. , Su C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractToxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. Wild and domestic avian species are important in the epidemiology of T. gondii infections because felids prey on them and excrete millions of oocysts in the environment, disseminating the infection. Herbivorous birds are also excellent sentinels of environmental contamination with T. gondii oocysts because they feed on the ground. Toxoplasma gondii infections in birds of prey reflect infections in intermediate hosts. Humans can become infected by consuming undercooked avian tissues. Here, the authors reviewed prevalence, persistence of infection, clinical disease, epidemiology and genetic diversity of T. gondii strains isolated from turkeys, geese, ducks, ratites and avian species (excluding chickens) worldwide 2009–2020. Genetic diversity of 102 T. gondii DNA samples isolated worldwide is discussed. The role of migratory birds in dissemination of T. gondii infection is discussed.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is associated with beliefs on the origin of the novel coronavirus in the UK and Turkey
Authors: Salali Gul Deniz , Uysal Mete Sefa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMuch research effort is focused on developing an effective vaccine for combatting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccine development itself, however, will not be enough given that a sufficient amount of people will need to be vaccinated for widespread immunity. Vaccine hesitancy is on the rise, varies across countries, and is associated with conspiratorial worldview. Given the rise in COVID-19-related conspiracy theories, we aimed to examine the levels of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its association with beliefs on the origin of the novel coronavirus in a cross-cultural study.MethodsWe conducted an online survey in the UK (N = 1088) and Turkey (N = 3936), and gathered information on participants' willingness to vaccinate for a potential COVID-19 vaccine, beliefs on the origin of the novel coronavirus, and several behavioural and demographic predictors (such as anxiety, risk perception, government satisfaction levels) that influence vaccination and origin beliefs.ResultsIn all, 31% of the participants in Turkey and 14% in the UK were unsure about getting themselves vaccinated for a COVID-19 vaccine. In both countries, 3% of the participants rejected to be vaccinated. Also, 54% of the participants in Turkey and 63% in the UK believed in the natural origin of the novel coronavirus. Believing in the natural origin significantly increased the odds of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.ConclusionsOur results point at a concerning level of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, especially in Turkey, and suggest that wider communication of the scientific consensus on the origin of the novel coronavirus with the public may help future campaigns targeting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
The impact of old-age pensions on the happiness level of elderly people – evidence from China
Authors: Han Junqiang , Zhang Xiaodong , Meng Yingying 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAs an important source of income for elderly people, pensions have a great impact on their wellbeing. There are three different pension systems in China (the Old-age Insurance System for Government Agencies and Institutions (OISGAI), the Basic Old-age Insurance System for Urban Employees (BOISUE) and the Social Insurance of the Old-age Pension for Urban and Rural Residents (SIOPURR)). This study empirically analyses the impact of various pension types on the happiness of elderly people in China and further explores the potential impact mechanism using the 2014 China Family Panel Studies data. The study suggests that first, receiving pensions from OISGAI, BOISUE and SIOPURR is positively correlated with the happiness level of elderly people. Second, the sense of happiness of elderly people who receive BOISUE is higher than that of those receiving SIOPURR, which is mainly caused by the difference in the level of pension benefits. When the level of benefits is controlled for, there is no significant difference between these two groups. Third, when they have the same level of pension benefits, the happiness of elderly people who receive OISGAI is significantly higher than that of those who receive pensions from the other two systems, which is possibly related to the hidden ‘special’ government guarantee and the difference of the growth rate of the benefit level.
Rural place attachment and urban community integration of Chinese older adults in rural-to-urban relocation
Authors: Zhang Jinfeng , Wang Bin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith China's rapid urbanisation, many residents, especially older adults, are suffering from psychological problems induced by rural-to-urban relocation. This study examines the association between older adults’ rural place attachment and their depression after relocation, as well as the protective roles of neighbourhood social cohesion and sense of community in the relocation place. Chinese older adults (N = 224) who relocated from rural villages to urban communities completed a survey for this study. The results showed that older adults with stronger rural place attachment experienced more depressive symptoms and a lesser sense of community in the relocation place. In addition, the association between rural place attachment and depression was weakened by neighbourhood social cohesion. That is, compared with older adults perceiving low neighbourhood social cohesion, the positive association between rural place attachment and depression was weaker for older adults perceiving high neighbourhood social cohesion. Furthermore, neighbourhood social cohesion's protective role depended on sense of community. In particular, neighbourhood social cohesion buffered the association between rural place attachment and depression for older adults with a strong sense of community but not for older adults with a weak sense of community. These results have implications for developing resources within neighbourhoods and communities to promote relocation adjustment for older adults.
Expressing what? The stigmatization of the defendant and the ICC’s institutional interests in the Ongwen case
Authors: Minkova Liana Georgieva 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe potential of international criminal trials to express the wrongfulness of mass atrocities and instil norms of appropriate behaviour within communities has been subject to a lively theoretical debate. This article makes an important empirical contribution by examining the limitations to the expressivist aspiration of international criminal justice in the context of the message communicated by the International Criminal Court’s Office of the Prosecutor (ICC-OTP) in the Ongwen case. A detailed analysis of the selection of charges, modes of liability, and the overall presentation of the Prosecutor’s arguments at trial suggests that the ICC-OTP’s limited capabilities to apprehend suspects and its dependency on state co-operation risk the excessive stigmatization of the few defendants available for trial for the purpose of demonstrating the Court’s capability of prosecuting notorious criminals. As the only apprehended commander from the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), Dominic Ongwen has been presented by the ICC-OTP as the ‘cause’ of crimes committed in Northern Uganda without due regard for the degree of his alleged involvement in those crimes compared to other LRA commanders, the role of other actors in the conflict, or the significance of his own victimization as a child. Ongwen’s excessive stigmatization expressed the importance of the Ugandan investigation after a decade of showing no results. Yet, it also produced a simplistic narrative which failed to express the complexity of violence in Northern Uganda.
Cultural competency in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: practitioner guidelines
Authors: Williams Monnica T. , Rouleau Traleena M. , La Torre Joseph T. , Sharif Noor 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article provides clinical guidelines for basic knowledge and skills essential for successful work with clients who have obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) across ethnic, racial and religious differences. We emphasise multiculturalist and anti-racist approaches and the role of culture in shaping the presentation of OCD in clients. Several competencies are discussed to help clinicians differentiate between behaviour that is consistent with group normsversusbehaviour that is excessive and psychopathological in nature. Symptom presentation, mental health literacy and explanatory models may differ across cultural groups. The article also highlights the possibility of violating client beliefs and values during cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), and subsequently offers strategies to mitigate such problems, such as consulting community members, clergy, religious scholars and other authoritative sources. Finally, there is a discussion of how clinicians can help clients from diverse populations overcome a variety of obstacles and challenges faced in the therapeutic context, including stigma and cultural mistrust.Key learning aims(1)To gain knowledge needed for working with clients with OCD across race, ethnicity and culture.(2)To understand how race, ethnicity and culture affect the assessment and treatment of OCD.(3)To increase awareness of critical skills needed to implement CBT effectively for OCD in ethnoracially diverse clients.(4)To acknowledge potential barriers experienced by minoritized clients and assist in creating accessible spaces for services.