bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viruses Causing Aseptic Meningitis: A Tertiary Medical Center Experience With a Multiplex PCR Assay
Authors: Aldriweesh Mohammed A. , Shafaay Edi A. , Alwatban Saud M. , Alkethami Obeid M. , Aljuraisi Faisal N. , Bosaeed Mohammad , Alharbi Naif Khalaf 
Published: December 2020

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) infection is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, and despite advancements in molecular testing, aseptic meningitis remains challenging to diagnose. Aseptic meningitis cases are often underreported worldwide, which impacts the quality of patient care. Therefore, we aimed to assess the results of BioFire® FilmArray® meningitis/encephalitis (ME) PCR panel, clinical characteristics, and etiologies of aseptic meningitis patients.Methods: From January 2018 to January 2020, all pediatric and adult patients in a large tertiary medical center who underwent lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing by a ME multiplex PCR panel and who fit the aseptic meningitis definition were retrospectively reviewed.Results: Data were reviewed from 1,607 patients; 240 met the inclusion criteria (54.6% males; 68.8% &lt;4 years of age). The rate of detected viral causes of aseptic meningitis was 40.4%; therefore, 59.6% of the patients remained with unidentified etiology. Among the identified viral meningitis, enterovirus and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) were the most common (25 and 7.9%, respectively). The median length of hospital stay was 6 days, and it was longer in patients with unidentifiable aseptic meningitis (p &lt; 0.0001).Conclusion: Aseptic meningitis is common among suspected meningitis patients, but most cases remained of unknown etiology. The most common identified viruses were enterovirus followed by HHV-6, and there is predominance in males and the pediatric age group. These results highlight that further research is needed to identify other etiologies and possible additional viral pathogens for aseptic meningitis in the current diagnostic methods.
Long Term Follow-Up on Pediatric Cases With Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes—A Retrospective Single Centre Cohort Study
Authors: Della Marina Adela , Wibbeler Eva , Abicht Angela , Kölbel Heike , Lochmüller Hanns , Roos Andreas , Schara Ulrike 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) refer to a heterogenic group of neuromuscular transmission disorders. CMS-subtypes are diverse regarding exercise intolerance and muscular weakness, varying from mild symptoms to life-limiting forms with neonatal onset. Long-term follow-up studies on disease progression and treatment-response in pediatric patients are rare.Patients and Methods: We analyzed retrospective clinical and medication data in a cohort of 32 CMS-patients including the application of a standardized, not yet validated test (CMS-ST) to examine muscular strength and endurance in 21 patients at the last follow-up. Findings obtained in our cohort were compared with long-term follow-up studies of (adult) CMS-cohorts from the literature by considering the underlying molecular mechanisms. Outcomes of CMS-ST were compared to results of normal clinical assessment.Results: Thirty-two pediatric patients with defects in eight different CMS-genes were followed by a median time of 12.8 years. Fifty-nine percentage of patients manifested with first symptoms as neonates, 35% as infants. While 53% of patients presented a reduced walking distance, 34% were wheelchair-bound. Even under adequate therapy with pyridostigmine (PS) and 3,4-diaminopyridine, CHAT-mutations led to the progression of muscular weakness partly in combination with persistent respiratory and bulbar symptoms. RAPSN, CHRND, and CHRNB1 patients with neonatal manifestation, early respiratory problems, and bulbar symptoms showed a good and maintained treatment response. CHAT and CHRNE patients required higher PS dosages, whereas RAPSN patients needed a lower mean dosage at the last follow-up. The benefits of short-term medication and long-term progression of symptoms were highly dependent on the specific genetic defect. CMS-ST was carried out in 17/21 patients, determined affected muscle groups including bulbar and ocular symptoms, some of which were not reported by the patients.Conclusions: Our findings and comparison with the literature- suggest a better treatment-response and less severe progression of symptoms present in patients suffering from mutations in CMS-genes directly associated with receptor deficiency, while patients with defects leading to synaptopathy and presynaptic defects tend to have worse outcomes. Assessment of affected muscular groups and clinical symptoms by CMS-ST may be a useful tool for optimal therapeutic management of the patients, especially for future clinical studies.
Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase 1 and CD8 Expression Profiling Revealed an Immunological Subtype of Colon Cancer With a Poor Prognosis
Authors: Zhang Rixin , Li Tiegang , Wang Weiqi , Gan Wenqiang , Lv Silin , Zeng Zifan , Hou Yufang , Yan Zheng , Yang Min 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe Immunoscore method, based on the distribution of the quantification of cytotoxic and memory T cells, provides an indicator of tumor recurrence for colon cancer. However, recent evidence has suggested that immune checkpoint expression represents a surrogate measure of tumor-infiltrating T cell exhaustion, and therefore may serve as a more accurate prognostic biomarker for colon cancer. Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), a potent immunosuppressive molecule, has been strongly associated with T-cell infiltration, but it lacks universal prognostic significance among all of the cancer subtypes. Our aim was to elucidate the prognostic significance of the combination of IDO1 and CD8A expression in colon cancer.MethodsGene expression and clinical survival data were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set and validated using NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI-GEO) cohort. Hierarchical clustering, functional enrichment analyses, and immune infiltration analysis were applied to evaluate the distinctive immune statuses in colon cancer risk subgroups stratified by IDO1 and CD8A expression. Moreover, Multivariate Cox regression analysis and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted to determine the prognostic value of IDO1/CD8A stratification. The IDO1/CD8A classifier may be suitable for use in the prediction of cancer development. It was validated via an in vivo murine model.ResultsThe stratification analysis demonstrated that the colon cancer subtype with the CD8AhighIDO1high* tumor resulted in the worst survival despite high levels of CD8 infiltrates. Its poor prognosis was associated with high levels of immune response, checkpoint genes, and Th1/IFN-γ gene signatures, regardless of CMS classification. Moreover, the IDO1/CD8A stratification was identified as an independent prognostic factor of overall survival (OS) and a useful predictive biomarker in colon cancer. In vivo data revealed the CD8AhighIDO1high group showed strong correlations with late-stage metastasis of colon carcinoma cells and upregulation of immune checkpoints.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that the proposed IDO1/CD8A stratification has exact and independent prognostic implications beyond CD8 T cell alone and CMS classification. As a result, it may represent a promising tool for risk stratification in colon cancer and improve the development of immunotherapies for patients with colon cancer in the future.
Higher Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Left Ventricular-to-Right Atrial Shunt Patients
Authors: Chou Hongda , Chen Hongxia , Xie Juan , Xu Aiqing , Mu Guanyu , Han Fei , Tse Gary , Li Guangping , Liu Tong , Fu Huaying 
Published: December 2020

Background: The possible association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and left ventricular-to-right atrial shunt (LVRAS) has never been reported yet. The present study investigated the incidence of AF in LVRAS.Methods: This was a retrospective study of consecutive patients undergoing echocardiography at a single tertiary center. Clinical data, laboratory results and echocardiography parameters such as right atrial area (RAA), right ventricular end diastolic diameter (RVDD) and left atrial diameter (LAD) were compared between LVRAS group and non-LVRAS patients, and between AF and non-AF patients. Propensity score matching was performed to decrease the effect of confounders. Logistic regression analysis and mediation analysis were used to estimate the relationship between LVRAS and AF.Results: A total of 3,436 patients were included, and the incidence of LVRAS was 1.16% (n = 40). The LVRAS group had significantly larger RAA, RVDD and LAD compared with non-LVRAS group. Those who suffered from AF showed larger RAA, RVDD and LAD compared with those who maintained sinus rhythm. Multivariable logistic regression showed that gender (OR: 0.608), age (OR: 1.048), LAD (OR: 1.111), mean pulmonary artery blood pressure (mPAP, OR: 1.023), TR (OR: 2.309) and LVRAS (OR: 12.217) were significant factors for AF. RAA could partially mediate the relationship between LVRAS and AF according to the result of mediation analysis.Conclusions: Our study suggested that LVRAS, TR, LAD, mPAP, age and male were risk factors for AF. RA enlargement might underlie mechanism in the higher incidence of AF in LVRAS patients. These findings should be confirmed in larger prospective studies.
Facial Reconstruction: A Systematic Review of Current Image Acquisition and Processing Techniques
Authors: Tarassoli Sam P. , Shield Matthew E. , Allen Rhian S. , Jessop Zita M. , Dobbs Thomas D. , Whitaker Iain S. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Plastic and reconstructive surgery is based on a culmination of technological advances, diverse techniques, creative adaptations and strategic planning. 3D imaging is a modality that encompasses several of these criteria while encouraging the others. Imaging techniques used in facial imaging come in many different modalities and sub-modalities which is imperative for such a complex area of the body; there is a clear clinical need for hyper-specialized practice. However, with this complexity comes variability and thus there will always be an element of bias in the choices made for imaging techniques.Aims and Objectives: The aim of this review is to systematically analyse the imaging techniques used in facial reconstruction and produce a comprehensive summary and comparison of imaging techniques currently available, including both traditional and novel methods.Methods: The systematic search was performed on EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane reviews using keywords such as “image technique/acquisition/processing,” “3-Dimensional,” “Facial,” and “Reconstruction.” The PRISMA guidelines were used to carry out the systematic review. Studies were then subsequently collected and collated; followed by a screening and exclusion process with a final full-text review for further clarification in regard to the selection criteria. A risk of bias assessment was also carried out on each study systematically using the respective tool in relation to the study in question.Results: From the initial 6,147 studies, 75 were deemed to fulfill all selection criteria and selected for meta-analysis. The majority of papers involved the use of computer tomography, though the use of magnetic resonance and handheld scanners using sonography have become more common in the field. The studies ranged in patient population, clinical indication. Seminal papers were highlighted within the group of papers for further analysis.Conclusions: There are clearly many factors that affect the choice of image acquisition techniques and their potential at being ideal for a given role. Ultimately the surgical team's choice will guide much of the decision, but it is crucial to be aware of not just the diagnostic ability of such modalities, but their treatment possibilities as well.
Merayakan Persahabatan Yang Memerdekakan Refleksi Atas Pandangan Odo Casel Tentang Misteri Kehadiran Karya Keselamatan Dalam Liturgi
Authors: Manik Pius 
Published: December 2020

Scripture shows that liturgy is the basic reason why GOD saved his people so that God’s chosen people might freely worship God (Ex 4:23) in spirit and truth’ (Jn 4:24). Liturgy becomes a mediator and a moment for the real presence of God’s saving deed. The relationship between God and His/Her people is drawn into a reality in our liturgy. Odo Casel reflects on our relationship with God is not a mere speculative idea but it is an objective reality that happens in our daily life. The Encyclic Mediator Dei emphasizes the Divine aspect of God’s grace in the history of salvation that restored our relationship with God.
La necesaria redimensión curricular del Régimen Intercultural Bilingue
Authors: Sánchez Carlos 
Published: December 2020

Abstract/short description
Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (Intercultural Bilingual Education) is a term describing a model of education that can be applied in all societies where two or more cultures and/or languages co-exist. Its aim is to maintain such co-existence and prevent dominancy of one culture or language through adoption of promoting bilingualism and bi-literacy. Such models of education have been adopted by a number of education institutions in Latin American states. Sánchez's article presents a critical evaluation of the model. He presents a number of suggestions on how to improve the functioning of the model.
Tumba no. 7 del sitio Maucallacta (Departamento Areąuipa, Peru). Resultados preliminares de los trabajos del Proyecto Arąueológico Condesuyos (temporada 1997)
Authors: Wołoszyn Janusz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract/short description:
The text reports the results of archaeological investigations done at the Maucallacta site in the province of Arequipa, Peru. The site was a ceremonial center from the Inca period dedicated to the cult of the volcano Coropuna. This article reports on the excavations in the area designated as Tumba (tomb) no. 7. It summarizes the registered cultural material.
Short description by Michał Gilewski
Contribuições da Extensão Universitária para a formação acadêmica a partir de um projeto de Educação Ambiental
Authors: Peretiatko Jocimara , Martins Osternach Ynaê , Matozo Fernandes Regiane , Suriani Affonso Ana Lucia , Rebeca Rosilene , Massaê Kataoka Adriana 
Published: December 2020

A formação acadêmica é um processo de investimento profissional e pessoal que merece uma reflexão especial, relacionada à contribuição da extensão. A extensão universitária tem sido apontada como uma dimensão fundamental na formação inicial de acadêmicos, embora nem sempre reconhecida. Assim, este artigo investiga a percepção dos acadêmicos envolvidos no projeto de extensão Crise hídrica: oficinas ecopedagógicas, em relação à contribuição que um projeto de extensão pode trazer para a sua formação, em suas múltiplas dimensões. A pesquisa utilizou uma abordagem qualitativa e o questionário como instrumento de obtenção de informações. Por meio dos resultados obtidos, foi possível verificar que houve uma ampliação do entendimento sobre extensão universitária e em relação aos conhecimentos específicos da área ambiental. Os acadêmicos também revelaram que adquiriram habilidades, como a de se expressar em público, e valores, como o respeito às diferenças, além do desenvolvimento do senso crítico e do desejo de transformar o mundo por meio de sua profissão.
Palavras-chave: Universidade; Percepção Ambiental; Oficinas Ecopedagógicas
Contributions of university extension to the academic education through an environmental education project
Abstract: Academic education is a process that requires professional and personal investments, which deserve a particular reflection related to the contribution of extension courses. The university extension has been considered as a fundamental dimension in the education of university students, although it has not always been acknowledged. Thus, the present article investigates the perception of students involved in the extension project Water crisis: ecopedagogical workshops about the contribution that the extension project could provide for their education in multiple dimensions. The research made use of a qualitative approach and the survey as a tool to gather the information. It was possible to verify a broadened understanding of university extension and the specific expertise in the environmental area through the collected results. The students also revealed that they had improved their abilities toward expressing themselves in public, their values related to differences, in addition to developing critical sense and the wish to change the world through their profession.
Keywords: University; Environmental Perception; Ecopedagogical workshops
The Methodology of Imām Muhammad Ibn Ibrāhīm al-Muqrī in Citing Mutūn in "al-Mu'jam."
Authors: Midhat zidan Salem abu Gholiba  
Published: December 2020

Imām Muhammad ibn Ibrahim is the famous Muslim Scholar, his book "al-Mu'jam" is the most famous source of Prophetic Ḥadiths.
His methodology of collecting Hadiths in this book and particularly he mentioned the Sanad with a unique way. Which shows the high level of his knowledge, and gives more benefits to the students and scholars of Ḥadith.
This study highlights the unique methodology of Imām Muhammad ibn Ibrahim in "al-Mu'jam". This study will contribute in the Ḥadith literature, and help the scholar of Ḥadith in understanding the methodology of Imām Muhammad ibn Ibrahim in his book "al-Mu'jam".
Mawlāna Abul Kalām ‘Azād and his Efforts in Reforming and Developing the Curriculum of Dars-i-Nizāmī
Authors: Amanullah  , Yaqoob Khan Marwat  
Published: December 2020

For an depth understanding of Islamic ideology and shariah, it is necessary to be well-versed in the Arabic language; for this very reason Arab and non –Arab religious scholars (Ulama) in the past psent their lives in carrying out extensive research and pruduce scholary works on all aspects of the language.
The subcontinent produced scholars and thinkers who palyed a major role in guiding the Ummah. These Ulama work untiringly and they carried out pioneer work in teaching, editing, writing original work on Arabic grammer, prose, and oratory.Among these Ulama is sheikh Nizamuddin bin Qutbuddin sehalawi Ansari (1161H- 1748) who was the founder of the Dars-I- Nizami course . He included in the course books of famous Ulama. Most of the books of the course are written in Arabic, but some Persian books on Arabic grammar and syntax wre also included in the course.
Need for changes in Dars- I – Nizami: an eduction is basically a palan for the future. It is true that Dars- I – Nizami was best suited for the age for which it was prepared. But times have changed, and so have the demands of the era changed; there is a race between nations for progress and development. Under such circumstances, the importace of an education system and syllabus cannot be over-emphasised.To cater the needs of changing times our Ulama felt the need for reforming Dars- I – Nizami; especially, when it was criticised from many quaraters. Some of criticism is form very learned, sincere and religious scholars. Among these scholars is Maulana Abulkalam Azad who was a famous and great scholar in the sub-continent. He notice and took a number of misfortunes on the Dars- I – Nizami corruculum in the subcontinent, some of the include:
1-Most of the books on grammar and syntax are in Persian and students have to bear burfen of learning Arabic grmmar, understanding the book and learning Persian.
2- students don’t get to know-how and practice to seak Arabic.Rarely applied rules of grammar, idiom and phonetics taught in unnecessary details and in philosophical way which is great burden on the students.
That is why Abul kalam Azad sought reform, and development the Dars- I – Nizami corruculum.
In this rtice we mention some of his efforts in this field, and tite of the article is
العلامة أبو الكلام آزاد وجهوده في إصلاح وتطوير منهج الدرس النظامي .
(Allama Abul kalam Azad and his efforts in reforming and developing the Dars- I – Nizami corruculum.)
Implementasi Tasawuf Syekh Abdul Qadir al-Jailani dalam Majelis Manakib Al Barokah Ponorogo
Authors: Fuadi Moh Ashif , Ibrahim Rustam 
Published: December 2020

One of the most popular sufi figures in the world is Shekh Abdul Qadir al-Jailani. The significant number of followers is due to his tremendous knowledge in various fields. In the reciting activities of Shekh Abdul Qadir al-Jailani’s manakib explained his life history and grandeurs. In some of his works, he explains the teachings of sufism so that manakib practitioners can live up more to this. Also, he states to what extent the values of sufism are applied. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the sufism teachings of al-Jailani referring to his work and to know the implementation of his Sufism teachings in the Al Barokah Ponorogo manakib assembly with their routine agenda on the 11th night of the Hijri month. This study employs library sources combined with field observation on the assembly’s activities. The results show that the sufism teachings of al-Jailani in the book al-Ghunyah Li Thalib Thariq al-Haq are mujahadah, tawakkal, good morals, gratitude, patience, ridha, honesty, which in its implementation through the explanation and example of kiai have been practiced by the congregation of Al Barokah manakib and manifested in social behaviors.
Keywords: al-Jailani, jamaah, manakib assembly, tasawuf.
Salah satu tokoh sufi yang terpopuler di dunia adalah Syekh Abdul Qadir al-Jailani. Banyaknya penggemar tokoh sufi tersebut disebabkan oleh ketinggian ilmunya di berbagai bidang. Dalam kegiatan pembacaan kitab manakib Syekh Abdul Qadir al-Jailani, dijelaskan sejarah hidup berikut karomah-karomahnya. Dalam beberapa karyanya ia menjelaskan ajaran-ajaran tasawuf sehingga bisa semakin dihayati oleh pengamal manakib serta sejauh mana nilai-nilai ajaran tasawuf diterapkan oleh pengamalnya. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengetahui ajaran-ajaran tasawuf al-Jailani merujuk pada karyanya dan mengetahui implementasi ajaran tasawufnya di majelis manakib Al Barokah Ponorogo yang diselenggarakan rutin tiap tanggal 11 bulan Hijriyah. Kajian ini menggunakan sumber pustaka dipadukan dengan pengamatan lapangan pada kegiatan majelis tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ajaran tasawuf al-Jailani dalam kitab al-Ghunyah Li Thalib Thariq al-Haq adalah mujahadah, tawakkal, akhlak baik, syukur, sabar, ridha, jujur yang dalam implemetasinya melalui penjelasan dan keteladanan kiai sudah dipraktekkan oleh jamaah Al Barokah dan terwujud dalam perilaku sosial.
Kata kunci: al-Jailani, jamaah, majelis manakib, tasawuf.