bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant preconditioning improves therapeutic outcomes of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells through enhancing intrahepatic engraftment efficiency in a mouse liver fibrosis model
Authors: Liao Naishun , Shi Yingjun , Wang Yingchao , Liao Fangyu , Zhao Bixing , Zheng Youshi , Zeng Yongyi , Liu Xiaolong , Liu Jingfeng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough it has been preclinically suggested that adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC)-based therapy could effectively treat chronic liver diseases, the hepatic engraftment of ADSCs is still extremely low, which severely limits their long-term efficacy for chronic liver diseases. This study was designed to investigate the impact of antioxidant preconditioning on hepatic engraftment efficiency and therapeutic outcomes of ADSC transplantation in liver fibrotic mice.MethodsLiver fibrosis model was established by using intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in the male C57BL/6 mice. Subsequently, the ADSCs with or without antioxidant pretreatment (including melatonin and reduced glutathione (GSH)) were administrated into fibrotic mice via tail vein injection. Afterwards, the ADSC transplantation efficiency was analyzed by ex vivo imaging, and the liver functions were assessed by biochemical analysis and histopathological examination, respectively. Additionally, a typical hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell injury model was applied to mimic the cell oxidative injury to further investigate the protective effects of antioxidant preconditioning on cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis of ADSCs.ResultsOur data showed that antioxidant preconditioning could enhance the therapeutic effects of ADSCs on liver function recovery by reducing the level of AST, ALT, and TBIL, as well as the content of hepatic hydroxyproline and fibrotic area in liver tissues. Particularly, we also found that antioxidant preconditioning could enhance hepatic engraftment efficiency of ADSCs in liver fibrosis model through inhibiting oxidative injury.ConclusionsAntioxidant preconditioning could effectively improve therapeutic effects of ADSC transplantation for liver fibrosis through enhancing intrahepatic engraftment efficiency by reducing oxidative injuries. These findings might provide a practical strategy for enhancing ADSC transplantation and therapeutic efficiency.
A video coverless information hiding algorithm based on semantic segmentation
Authors: Pan Nan , Qin Jiaohua , Tan Yun , Xiang Xuyu , Hou Guimin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDue to the fact that coverless information hiding can effectively resist the detection of steganalysis tools, it has attracted more attention in the field of information hiding. At present, most coverless information hiding schemes select text and image as transmission carriers, while there are few studies on emerging popular media such as video, which has more abundant contents. Taking the natural video as the carrier is more secure and can avoid the attention of attackers. In this paper, we propose a coverless video steganography algorithm based on semantic segmentation. Specifically, to establish the mapping relationship between secret information and video files effectively, this paper introduces the deep learning based on semantic segmentation network to calculate the statistical histogram of semantic information. To quickly index the sender’s secret message to the corresponding video frame, we build a three-digit index structure. The receiver can extract the valid video frame from the three-digit index information and restore the secret information. On the one hand, the neural network is trained through the original image and the noisy image in this scheme; therefore, it can not only effectively resist the interference of noises, but also accurately extract the robust deep features of the image. The frames of video generate the robust mapping to the secret information after the semantic information statistics. On the other hand, semantic segmentation belongs to pixel-level segmentation, which has high requirements for network parameters, so it is difficult for attackers to decrypt and recover secret information. Since this scheme does not modify the primitiveness of video data, it can effectively resist steganalysis tools. The experimental results and analysis show that the video coverless information hiding scheme has a large capacity and a certain resistance to noise attack.
The weighted discrete dynamic inequalities for 4-convex functions, and its generalization on time scales with constant graininess function
Authors: Baig Hira Ashraf , Ahmad Naveed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMotivated by Pečarić et al. in (J. Math. Inequal. 11(2):543–5502017), we established here weighted discrete dynamic inequalities for the difference of second divided difference of 4-convex functions. Further we extend and unify the two inequalities, by establishing the theory ofn-convexity on time scales having constant graininess function.
Evaluation for hypocenter estimation error in the southwestern Kuril trench using Japan and Russia joint seismic data
Authors: Ichiyanagi Masayoshi , Mikhaylov Valentin , Kostylev Dmitry , Levin Yuri , Takahashi Hiroaki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe southwestern Kuril trench is seismically active due to the subduction of the Pacific plate. Great earthquakes in this zone have frequently induced fatal disasters. Seismic monitoring and hypocenter catalogs provide fundamental information on earthquake occurrence and disaster mitigation. Real-time hypocenter and magnitude estimates are extremely crucial data for tsunami warning systems. However, this region is located in the international border zone between Japan and Russia. The Japan Meteorological Agency and Russian Academy of Sciences have routinely determined hypocenters and issued earthquake information independently. Waveform data have not yet been exchanged internationally in real time. Here, we evaluated how a hypothetical Japan–Russia joint seismic network could potentially improve the hypocenter estimation accuracy. Experiments using numerical and observed data indicated that the joint network extended the distance over which hypocenters can be accurately determined over 100 km eastward compared to the Japan network only. This fact suggests that joint seismic data have the potential to improve the hypocenter accuracy in this region, which would provide improved performance in gathering disaster information at the moment of a tsunami warning.
Velocity and diffusion constant of an active particle in a one-dimensional force field
Authors: Le Doussal Pierre , Majumdar Satya N. , Schehr Grégory 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We consider a run-and-tumble particle with two velocity states

, in an inhomogeneous force field f(x) in one dimension. We obtain exact formulae for its velocity V

L
and diffusion constant D

L
for arbitrary periodic f(x) of period L. They involve the “active potential” which allows to define a global bias. Upon varying parameters, such as an external force F, the dynamics undergoes transitions from non-ergodic trapped states, to various moving states, some with non-analyticities in the V

L
vs. F curve. A random landscape in the presence of a bias leads, for large L, to anomalous diffusion

,

, or to a phase with a finite velocity that we calculate.
Clathrin regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling by affecting Golgi to plasma membrane transport of transmembrane proteins
Authors: Munthe Else , Raiborg Camilla , Stenmark Harald , Wenzel Eva Maria 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation in development and adult tissue homeostasis. Dysregulated signaling contributes to human diseases, in particular cancer. Growing evidence suggests a role for clathrin and/or endocytosis in the regulation of this pathway, but conflicting results exist and demand a deeper mechanistic understanding. We investigated the consequences of clathrin depletion on Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cell lines and found a pronounced reduction in β-catenin protein levels, which affects the amount of nuclear β-catenin and β-catenin target gene expression. Although we found no evidence that clathrin affects β-catenin levels via endocytosis or multivesicular endosome formation, an inhibition of protein transport through the biosynthetic pathway led to reduced levels of a Wnt co-receptor, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), and cell adhesion molecules of the cadherin family, thereby affecting steady-state levels of β-catenin. We conclude that clathrin impacts on Wnt/β-catenin signaling by controlling exocytosis of transmembrane proteins, including cadherins and Wnt co-receptors that together control the membrane-bound and soluble pools of β-catenin.
Synthesis and Chiroptical Properties of †- and ‡-Shaped Molecules Based on Planar Chiral [2.2]Paracyclophane
Authors: Sasai Yusaku , Inoue Ryo , Morisaki Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Two types of optically active molecules based on planar chiral 4,7,12,15-tetrasubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane were synthesized through chemoselective Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling. One is a †-shaped molecule consisting of two π-electron systems stacked, and the other is a ‡-shaped molecule consisting of three π-electron systems stacked. Their optical and chiroptical properties were investigated, which exhibited large molar absorption coefficient, excellent photoluminescence quantum efficiency, and intense circularly polarized luminescence (CPL).
Trends of utilization of Complete Blood Count parameters for patient management among doctors in Azad Kashmir
Authors: Ahmed Malik Mahmood , Ghauri Sanniya  Khan , Javaeed Arslaan , Rafique Nazish , Hussain Wajid , Khan Nasir 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To determine the trends of utilization of CBC parameters in patient management among doctors in different hospitals in Kashmir, Pakistan.
Methods: A self-administered questionnaire-based survey was carried out amongst doctors working in four hospitals of Kashmir i.e. Combined Military Hospital, Muzaffarabad, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalakot, Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences, Muzaffarabad, and District Hospital, Kotli during August to December 2017.
Results: Out of 500 physicians, 217 physicians answered the questionnaire, representing a response rate of 43.4%. Only three of the 11 parameters in the CBC report i.e. hemoglobin, white blood cell count and platelets were selected as frequently or always useful by more than 80% of physicians. Rest of the eight parameters of the CBC were found useful by less than 80% of the physicians. Most agreed that the current format of a CBC report gives adequate information.
Conclusion: The present study concludes that majority of the physicians utilize only three of the basic parameters on the complete blood count. An educational intervention can be planned for the physicians to increase their knowledge about the utility of other parameters.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1885
How to cite this:Ahmed MM, Ghauri SK, Javaeed A, Rafique N, Hussain W, Khan N. Trends of utilization of Complete Blood Count parameters for patient management among doctors in Azad Kashmir. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):999-1004. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1885
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Behcet’s Disease: Pakistani Experience
Authors: Khan Asadullah , Haroon Muhammad , Bashir Farhan , Din Zia ud 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestation of patients with Behcet’s disease, and performance of different classification criteria of Behcet’s disease in our population.
Methods: It was a retrospective analysis of all Behcet’s disease patients attending Department of Rheumatology at Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from April 2019 to July 2019. We performed a comprehensive clinical evaluation of patients with Behcet’s disease, with focus on patients’ age, gender and different clinical manifestations.
Results: A consecutive cohort of 20 patients was studied. All patients met the International Criteria of Behcet’s Disease criteria, and 18 out of 20 patients also met International Study Group criteria. Mean age of the cohort was 33.5±10.4 years and 45% was female (male to female ratio of 1:1.2). Around 90% of cohort had recurrent oral and genital ulcers. Ocular involvement was present in 80% patients, while Joint manifestations were present in 75% of patients. Cutaneous, neurological (both central and peripheral nervous system involvement), and GIT symptoms were present in 50%, 30%, and 15% of patients, consecutively. Joint pain and eye symptoms were major initial symptoms in males, while eye symptoms and neurological symptoms were more common in female patients at disease onset. Reaching border line significance, Cutaneous (p-value=0.479), ocular (p-value=0.61), and GIT involvement (p-value=0.59) were more prevalent in males while neurological involvement (p-value=0.336) in females.
Conclusion: Behcet’s disease occurs commonly in middle age population with equal male to female ratio, with mucocutaneus aphthosis, ocular disease and joint pains being common manifestation. Gastrointestinal symptoms are more common in males while neurological symptoms in females.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1916
How to cite this:Khan A, Haroon M, Bashir F, Zia-ud-Din. Behcet’s Disease: Pakistani Experience. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):1005-1010. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1916
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Enteric Fever Complicated by Intestinal Perforation in Children: A Persistent Health Problem Requiring Surgical Management
Authors: Azhar Muhammad , Zamir Naima , Shaikh Mishraz , Ullah Inayat 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To evaluate clinical presentation and surgical outcome in children with enteric perforation.
Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted in Department of Paediatric Surgery at National Institute of Child Health, Karachi from August 2016 and September 2019, in children 12 years of age and under with diagnosis of enteric perforation. Data about age, gender, duration of illness, hemodynamic status and baseline investigation on admission was reviewed. Details about patients operated early and those who required prolong resuscitation and were operated after 24 hours of admission, need for tube laparostomy, operative findings, type of surgical procedure performed and post-operative outcome were reviewed. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.
Results: Ninety-seven patients, 60(61.85%) males and 37(38.14%) females were managed during the study period with age ranged from 3-12 years (mean 7.82, ± 2.94 years).and duration of symptoms ranged from 7-30 days (mean 15.56, ± 9.39days). High grade fever and abdominal pain were seen in all patients (100%). Pneumoperitoneum was noted in 71(73.19%) cases on X-ray abdomen. Fifty-one (52.57%) children were anemic and required blood transfusion before surgery. Seventy-one (73.19) patients were optimized and operated within 24 hours while 28(28.86%) cases required more resuscitation so tube laparostomy was done initially and operated after 24 hours. Seventy nine (81.44%) cases had single perforation, 14(14.43%) cases had multiple and four had sealed perforation. Primary repair of perforation was done in 37(38.14%) cases, while ileostomy in 65(76.01%) cases. Postoperatively wound infection was seen in 71(73.19%) cases, intra-abdominal collections in 31(31.95%) and burst abdomen in nine (9.27%) cases. Overall mortality was 12.37%. Till date in 47 patients (72.30%) reversal of stoma has been done.
Conclusions: Enteric perforation in children presents usually with hemodynamic instability and sepsis due to prolong period of illness. Therefore, regardless of surgical procedure performed it is associated with high morbidity and mortality.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2270
How to cite this:Azhar M, Zamir N, Shaikh M, Inayat ullah4. Enteric Fever Complicated by Intestinal Perforation in Children: A Persistent Health Problem Requiring Surgical Management. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):890-893. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2270
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Chanjo: Clincal grade sequence coverage analysis
Authors: Andeer Robin , Magnusson Måns , Wedell Anna , Stranneheim Henrik 
Published: June 2020

Coverage analysis is essential when analysing massive parallel sequencing (MPS) data. The analysis indicates existence of false negatives or positives in a region of interest or poorly covered genomic regions. There are several tools that have excellent performance when doing coverage analysis on a few samples with predefined regions. However, there is no current tool for collecting samples over a longer period of time for aggregated coverage analysis of multiple samples or sequencing methods. Furthermore, current coverage analysis tools do not generate customized coverage reports or enable exploratory coverage analysis without extensive bioinformatic skill and access to the original alignment files. We present Chanjo, a user friendly coverage analysis tool for persistent storage of coverage data, that, accompanied with Chanjo Report, produces coverage reports that summarize coverage data for predefined regions in an elegant manner. Chanjo Report can produce both structured coverage reports and dynamic reports tailored to a subset of genomic regions, coverage cut-offs or samples. Chanjo stores data in an SQL database where thousands of samples can be added over time, which allows for aggregate queries to discover problematic regions. Chanjo is well tested, supports whole exome and genome sequencing, and follows common UNIX standards, allowing for easy integration into existing pipelines. Chanjo is easy to install and operate, and provides a solution for persistent coverage analysis and clinical-grade reporting. It makes it easy to set up a local database and automate the addition of multiple samples and report generation. To our knowledge there is no other tool with matching capabilities. Chanjo handles the common file formats in genetics, such as BED and BAM, and makes it easy to produce PDF coverage reports that are highly valuable for individuals with limited bioinformatic expertise. We believe Chanjo to be a vital tool for clinicians and researchers performing MPS analysis.
Socio-Psychological Training for Professional Communication of Negotiating Staff
Authors: Vahina V. , Yurenkova V. 
Published: June 2020

The problem of formation of socio-psychological competence in the process of professional psychological training is considered. The article considers the essence and functions of social and psychological training of professional communication in the context of forming partnerships with citizens. Psychologically based ways and means of mastering the skills of effective interaction by employees of internal Affairs bodies are revealed.
In order to improve the training process for ATS employees, a new training program has been developed, which should be used with different categories of students in various forms of training: full-time, distance, and interactive. The program is used by students of educational organizations at the initial stage of preparation, in order to improve skills of interpersonal interaction in various legally significant situations. Conducting classes is carried out in person, as a result, the motivation to achieve success increases, confidence increases; social responsibility, in particular, compliance with the law when making a decision. So far, the following have been advocating for the development of employee negotiation competence: readiness to display the knowledge and skills inherent in negotiation competence (value-motivational component); possession of knowledge of the content of negotiation competence (cognitive component); ability to contact and interact with subjects of negotiations (communicative and behavioral components); emotional flax-volitional I regulation in the negotiation process (emotional flax-volitional component).
Competition and Pay Inequality Within and Between Firms
Authors: Gartenberg Claudine , Wulf Julie 
Published: June 2020

How does market competition affect pay inequality between and within firms? Using division managers as a pool of similar workers and the Canada–U.S. Free Trade Agreement, we find that greater competition increases overall pay inequality between, but not within, firms. This null effect within firms is not driven by a lack of statistical power. Instead, we find that it arises primarily within subsamples of firms with higher predicted levels of social comparison. Increased competition leads to greater pay-performance sensitivity among the higher-paid managers within firms, while it leads to greater overpayment among the other managers. These patterns are consistent with firm principals offering higher-powered incentives to their best managers and overpaying the rest. Altogether, this study suggests that, while competition leads to greater pay inequality overall, principals aim to maintain equality within firms and do so through the differential provision of incentives among employees. This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
Plasmonic analogue of geometric diodes realizing asymmetric optical transmission
Authors: Zheng Ze , Elkabbash Mohamed , Zhang Jihua , Guo Chunlei 
Published: June 2020

Geometric diodes represent a relatively new class of diodes used in rectennas that rely on the asymmetry of a conducting thin film. Here, we numerically investigate a plasmonic analogue of geometric diodes to realize nanoscale optical asymmetric transmission. The device operates based on spatial symmetry breaking that relies on a unique property of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), namely, adiabatic nanofocusing. We show that the structure can realize on-chip asymmetric electromagnetic transmission with a total dimension of

∼

2

µ

m

×

6

µ

m

. We demonstrate a signal contrast of 0.7 and an asymmetric optical transmission ratio of 4.77 dB. We investigate the origin of the asymmetric transmission and show that it is due mainly to asymmetric out-coupling of SPPs to far-field photons. We highlight the role of evanescent field coupling of SPPs in undermining the asymmetric transmission efficiency and show that by adjusting the plasmonic waveguide dimensions, a signal contrast of 0.94 and an asymmetric optical transmission ratio of 5.18 dB can be obtained. Our work presents a new paradigm for on-chip nanoscale asymmetric optical transmission utilizing the unique properties of SPPs.