bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negative Theology and Meaningless Suffering
Authors: Kilby Karen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article attempts an exploration of the limits of our capacity to weave suffering into patterns of meaning. I try to show that something like an apophatic moment in our response to some kinds of suffering is both necessary and difficult to sustain. From this emerges a question about the relationship between this ‘something like apophasis’ before suffering, on the one hand, and unknowing in face of the mystery of God, on the other. I argue against a tendency in some modern theology to elide one into the other – against a tendency to absorb the ‘mystery of suffering’ into the ‘mystery of God.’ The article concludes with the suggestion that in order to avoid such an elision, and other forms of false reconciliation with suffering, Christian theology needs to maintain a commitment to a future‐oriented eschatology, a real – if unimaginable – eschatological hope.
A Robust Sequential Procedure for Estimating the Number of Structural Changes in Persistence
Authors: Kejriwal Mohitosh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper proposes a new procedure for estimating the number of structural changes in the persistence of a univariate time series. While the extant literature primarily assumes (regime‐wise) stationarity, our framework also allows the underlying stochastic process to switch between stationary [I(0)] and unit root regimes [I(1)]. We develop a sequential testing approach that maintains correct asymptotic size regardless of whether the regimes areI(0) orI(1). We also propose a novel procedure for distinguishing persistence change processes from those with pure level and/or trend shifts. Monte Carlo simulations and an application to OECD inflation rates highlight the practical usefulness of the procedures.
Prognostic significance of tissue Doppler imaging–derived myocardial performance index in pediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wright Lydia K. , McGaughy Falon , Kellerman Michael , Border William L. , Sachdeva Ritu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTDI–MPI has been shown to predict cardiovascular mortality in adults; there are a paucity of data on its use in children. We sought to determine the prognostic significance of TDI‐MPI at time of DCM diagnosis in children. Patients aged ≤18 years diagnosed with DCM were included along with age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Echo at diagnosis was analyzed to obtain standard measures of LV function, PW‐MPI, and septal and LV free wall TDI‐MPI. Survival analysis was used to assess the time to composite outcome of death, VAD, or transplant, stratified by TDI‐MPI z‐score. The study included 79 patients with DCM and 79 controls. During a median follow‐up of 182 days (IQR 41‐815 days), 16 underwent VAD placement, 21 underwent cardiac transplant, 6 died, and 36 had event‐free survival. The median septal TDI‐MPI for cases was 0.70 for patients with DCM vs 0.45 for controls (P < .001). Those with septal TDI‐MPI z‐scores ≥2 develop events significantly earlier than those with z‐score <2 (P = .014). In multivariable analysis, TDI‐MPI z‐score ≥2 was significantly associated with poor outcomes (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.06‐4.23). TDI‐MPI can be reliably performed in pediatric patients with DCM. A TDI‐MPI z‐score ≥2 at diagnosis may be associated with earlier poor outcome. Further studies evaluating the use of TDI‐MPI in longitudinal follow‐up of patients with DCM may be helpful in refining its clinical use.
Feeding modes, duration, and diarrhea in infancy: Continued evidence of the protective effects of breastfeeding
Authors: Diallo Ana F. , McGlothen‐Bell Kelly , Lucas Ruth , Walsh Stephen , Allen Carolyn , Henderson Wendy A. , Cong Xiaomei , McGrath Jacqueline 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of early breastfeeding cessation on incidence of diarrhea in a cohort of U.S. infants.Design, Sample, and MeasurementsA secondary data analysis was conducted using data from 2,340 mother–infant dyads participating in the Infant Feeding Practices Study II. We examined associations between duration of feeding type (e.g., exclusive breastfeeding [EBF], any breastfeeding [BF], formula feeding) and incidence of diarrhea before one year.ResultsThe sample included mother–infant dyads that were 86.2% White, 3% Black, and 5% Hispanic. Interruption of EBF before 3 months was significantly associated with higher odds of having diarrhea at 6 months (OR = 1.80, p value ≤ 0.01) and between 6 and 12 months (OR = 1.45, p ≤ .01). Breastfeeding interruption before 6 months was associated with higher odds of having diarrhea at 6 months (OR = 3.19, p ≤ .01). Formula feeding for ≥3 months was associated with higher odds of diarrhea between 6 and 12 months.ConclusionsExclusive breastfeeding for 3 months accompanied by any breastfeeding for 6 months provided the most protective effect against diarrhea. Public health interventions should address disparities in breastfeeding practices and provide support across clinical, workplace and community settings. Research should include more diverse population groups.
Specialised protagonists in a plant–pollinator interaction: the pollination of Blumenbachia insignis (Loasaceae)
Authors: Siriani‐Oliveira S. , Cerceau I. , Schlindwein C. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Analyses of resource presentation, floral morphology and pollinator behaviour are essential for understanding specialised plant‐pollinator systems. We investigated whether foraging by individual bee pollinators fits the floral morphology and functioning of Blumenbachia insignis, whose flowers are characterised by a nectar scale‐staminode complex and pollen release by thigmonastic stamen movements.

We described pollen and nectar presentation, analysed the breeding system and the foraging strategy of bee pollinators. We determined the nectar production pattern and documented variations in the longevity of floral phases and stigmatic pollen loads of pollinator‐visited and unvisited flowers.

Bicolletes indigoticus (Colletidae) was the sole pollinator with females revisiting flowers in staminate and pistillate phases at short intervals, guaranteeing cross‐pollen flow. Nectar stored in the nectar scale‐staminode complex had a high sugar concentration and was produced continuously in minute amounts (~0.09 μl·h−1). Pushing the scales outward, bees took up nectar, triggering stamen movements and accelerating pollen presentation. Experimental simulation of this nectar uptake increased the number of moved stamens per hour by a factor of four. Flowers visited by pollinators received six‐fold more pollen on the stigma than unvisited flowers, had shortened staminate and pistillate phases and increased fruit and seed set.

Flower handling and foraging by Bicolletes indigoticus were consonant with the complex flower morphology and functioning of Blumenbachia insignis. Continuous nectar production in minute quantities but at high sugar concentration influences the pollen foraging of the bees. Partitioning of resources lead to absolute flower fidelity and stereotyped foraging behaviour by the sole effective oligolectic bee pollinator.
Cu–Mo Differential Mineralization Mechanism of the Dabate Polymetallic Deposit in Western Tianshan, NW China: Evidence from Geology, Fluid Inclusions, and Oxygen Isotope Systematics
Authors: Cao Rui , Yan Shengchao , Chen Bin , Sun Keke , Zhang Qinglin , Gu Haodong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractClassic porphyry Cu–Mo deposits are mostly characterized by close temporal and spatial relationships between Cu and Mo mineralization. The northern Dabate Cu–Mo deposit is a newly discovered porphyry Cu–Mo polymetallic deposit in western Tianshan, northwest China. The Cu mineralization postdates the Mo mineralization and is located in shallower levels in the deposit, which is different from most classic porphyry Cu–Mo deposits. Detailed field investigations, together with microthermometry, laser Raman spectroscopy, and O‐isotope studies of fluid inclusions, were conducted to investigate the origin and evolution of ore‐forming fluids from the main Mo to main Cu stage of mineralization in the deposit. The results show that the ore‐forming fluids of the main Mo stage belonged to an NaCl + H2O system of medium to high temperatures (280–310°C) and low salinities (2–4 wt% NaCl equivalent (eq.)), whereas that of the main Cu stage belonged to an F‐rich NaCl + CO2 + H2O system of medium to high temperatures (230–260°C) and medium to low salinities (4–10 wt% NaCl eq.). The δ18O values of the ore‐forming fluids decrease from 3.7–7.8‰ in the main Mo stage to −7.5 to −2.9‰ in the main Cu stage. These data indicate that the separation of Cu and Mo was closely related to a large‐scale vapor–brine separation of the early ore‐forming fluids, which produced the Mo‐bearing and Cu‐bearing fluids. Subsequently, the relatively reducing (CH4‐rich) Mo‐bearing, ore‐forming fluids, dominantly of magmatic origin, caused mineralization in the rhyolite porphyry due to fluid boiling, whereas the relatively oxidizing (CO2‐rich) Cu‐bearing, ore‐forming fluids mixed with meteoric water and precipitated chalcopyrite within the crushed zone at the contact between rhyolite porphyry and wall rock. We suggest that the separation of Cu and Mo in the deposit may be attributed to differences in the chemical properties of Cu and Mo, large‐scale vapor–brine separation of early ore‐forming fluids, and changes in oxygen fugacity.
Can trade openness affect the monetary transmission mechanism?
Authors: Zhang Wen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper explores how trade openness influences the monetary transmission mechanism. The theoretical analysis develops an open economy New Keynesian model that features one‐way offshoring from an advanced economy to a less developed one. The model suggests that greater openness to regular trade or to offshoring reduces the effect of monetary policy on domestic economies, although these two influences affect the monetary transmission mechanism via different channels. The empirical section estimates an interacted‐panel VAR model with U.S. industry data and confirms that greater exposure to regular trade or to offshoring significantly reduces the effect of monetary policy.
International emissions trading in a political economy
Authors: Cheng Chu‐chuan , Chu Hsun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe examine whether the international emissions trading (IET) scheme can reduce global emissions in a political economy framework. Countries act noncooperatively when choosing the tradable emission permits and the environmental tax. The formulation of environmental policies is influenced by interest groups. Our results show that the effect of IET on global emissions depends crucially on which policies are influenced by lobbying activities. In the case where only environmental taxes are influenced by lobbying, IET tends to reduce global emissions when the capitalists’ political power is strong and, surprisingly, when the environmentalists’ political power is weak.
Determination of effective stress intensity factors under mixed‐mode from digital image correlation fields in presence of contact stresses and plasticity
Authors: Bonniot Thomas , Doquet Véronique , Mai Si Hai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDigital image correlation (DIC) is more and more popular to monitor fatigue crack growth and to determine the stress intensity factors. However, the posttreatment of the recorded displacement fields becomes tricky when the crack faces are not stress‐free and when crack tip plasticity becomes significant. Several posttreatment methods to locate the crack tip and measure the effective stress intensity factors in such cases are compared, using finite element method‐computed displacement fields, and then used on real DIC fields. An approach coupling DIC and finite element method is proposed to estimate the contact stresses along the crack.
Human red blood cell stroma: an alternative to traditional allogeneic adsorption methods
Authors: Wilson Emily M. , Branch Donald R. 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUNDAllogeneic adsorption (alloadsorption) involves incubating an aliquot of patient plasma with red blood cells (RBCs) of a known phenotype to facilitate removal of autoantibodies and allow for detection of remaining, potentially clinically significant alloantibodies. Alloadsorptions are routinely performed using fresh or frozen donor RBCs having particular Rh and Kidd phenotypes, and are usually enzyme or ZZAP treated before adsorptions. RBC stroma would provide a method to prepare large amounts of adsorption material that may be stored frozen and used when needed.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSA total of 309 samples were presented to our institutions (American Red Cross, Southwest Region Texas laboratories) with serologic positive IgG autoantibodies, had allogeneic RBC stromal adsorptions performed, and underlying alloantibodies identified. After papain treatment of RBCs from group O, K‐ individuals who were R1R1, R2R2, and rr where at least one individual was Jk(a+b‐) and one individual Jk(a‐b+), stroma was prepared using digitonin digestion of the RBC membrane. Large amounts of stroma could be obtained and were aliquoted and frozen at −18°C or less for up to 2 years.RESULTSOne hundred seventeen of 309 (38%) samples demonstrated alloantibodies following stromal alloadsorptions. Twenty‐two different alloantibodies were identified in the stroma‐adsorbed plasma, with an average of two stromal adsorptions resolving the autoantibody reactivity. The specificities of alloantibodies underlying the autoantibody included those in the Rh system (112), Kell system (24), Duffy system (14), Kidd system (30), MNS system (19), Lutheran system (2), and Diego system (2).CONCLUSIONSuccessful removal of autoantibody using RBC stromal adsorption was obtained in 308 samples and allowed for the identification of underlying alloantibodies in 117 samples. Preparation and use of RBC stroma should significantly benefit immunohematology reference laboratories in their antibody investigations.
The systematic use of evidence‐based methodologies and technologies enhances shared decision‐making in the 2018 International Consensus Conference on Patient Blood Management
Authors: Van Remoortel Hans , Aranko Kari , Mueller Markus M. , De Buck Emmy , Devine Dana , Folléa Gilles , Meybohm Patrick , Tiberghien Pierre , Wood Erica M. , Vandekerckhove Philippe , Seifried Erhard 
Published: November 2019

Background and objectivesPatient Blood Management (PBM) aims to optimize the care of patients who might need a blood transfusion. The International Consensus Conference on PBM (ICC‐PBM) aimed to develop evidence‐based recommendations on three topics: preoperative anaemia, red blood cell transfusion thresholds and implementation of PBM programmes. This paper reports how evidence‐based methodologies and technologies were used to enhance shared decision‐making in formulating recommendations during the ICC‐PBM.Materials & MethodsSystematic reviews on 17 PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) questions were conducted by a Scientific Committee (22 international topic experts and one methodologist) according to GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology. Evidence‐based recommendations were formulated using Consensus Development Conference methodology.ResultsWe screened 17 607 references and included 145 studies. The overall certainty in the evidence of effect estimates was generally low or very low. During the ICC, plenary sessions (100–200 stakeholders from a range of clinical disciplines and community representatives) were followed by closed sessions where multidisciplinary decision‐making panels (>50 experts and patient organizations) formulated recommendations. Two chairs (content‐expert and methodologist) moderated each session and two rapporteurs documented the discussions. The Evidence‐to‐Decision template (GRADEpro software) was used as the central basis in the process of formulating recommendations.ConclusionThis ICC‐PBM resulted in 10 clinical and 12 research recommendations supported by an international stakeholder group of experts in blood transfusion. Systematic, rigorous and transparent evidence‐based methodology in a formal consensus format should be the new standard to evaluate (cost‐) effectiveness of medical treatments, such as blood transfusion.
Blood donor‐derived buffy coat to produce platelets in vitro
Authors: Marini Irene , Rigoni Flavianna , Zlamal Jan , Pelzl Lisann , Althaus Karina , Nowak‐Harnau Stefanie , Rondina Matthew T. , Bakchoul Tamam 
Published: November 2019

Background and objectivesPlatelet transfusion is a standard medical therapy used to treat several bleeding disorders. However, a critical drawback is the dependency on donor‐derived platelets, which leads to concerns like insufficient availability and immunological complications. In vitro platelet production from hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34) may represent a reasonable solution.Materials and methodsCD34+ cells were isolated from either buffy coat or peripheral blood and compared in terms of platelet production in vitro. The number and the quality of magnetically isolated CD34+ cells and their capability to differentiate into mature megakaryocytes were investigated using flow cytometry. Additionally, the functionality of megakaryocytes in term of in vitro platelet production was tested.ResultsSimilar purity and quantity of CD34+ cells was found after their isolation from both cell sources. In contrast, after 6 days of culture, enhanced number of CD34+ cells isolated from buffy coat compared with peripheral blood was observed (5·3 x 106 vs. 3·0 x 106, respectively). Interestingly, despite a comparable nuclear maturation phenotype, the yield of platelets released from buffy coat‐derived megakaryocytes was significantly higher than from peripheral blood cells (platelet yield pro MK: 7·2 vs. 2·7, respectively). Importantly, platelets produced from buffy coat‐derived cells could be activated by agonists.ConclusionHaematopoietic progenitor cells isolated from buffy coat have increased yield of platelets released from mature megakaryocytes and enhanced in vitro functionality, compared with peripheral blood‐derived cells. Our study, suggests that buffy coat, obtained during blood donation processing, might be a promising source of megakaryocytes for in vitro platelet production.
Servo System Identification Based on Curve Fitting to Phase-Plane Trajectory
Authors: Shi Xiaoli , Han Yong , Wu Jianhua , Xiong Zhenhua 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Many methods have been proposed to identify servo system parameters. However, problems still remain in widely applied offline identification methods, for example, the describing-function-based relay feedback method has the ineradicable approximation error, and acceleration information is indispensable for the least-squares method. In order to identify systems accurately and efficiently with less servo system information, this article proposes a novel method to identify servo system parameters through curve fitting to the phase-plane trajectory under the help of one optimization method. Specifically, the phase-plane trajectory expression of the single-degree-of-freedom system is derived; the process on how to convert the servo system identification problem to a curve-fitting optimization problem is described in detail; and the guidelines of the initial parameter setting are introduced. Simulations and experiments are carried out to verify the efficiency of the proposed method. Finally, a feed-forward control based on the identified parameters is designed to further validate the identification accuracy.
Enhanced Performance of Ultrasonic Welding of Short Carbon Fiber Polymer Composites Through Control of Morphological Parameters
Authors: Lee Tae Hwa , Fan Hua-Tzu , Li Yang , Shriver Daniel , Arinez Jorge , Xiao Guoxian , Banu Mihaela 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ultrasonic welding (USW) is one of the joining technologies that can be applied to short carbon fiber thermoplastic composites. In this study, the USW of Nylon 6 reinforced by short carbon fibers created using injection molding is used to investigate the USW process without energy directors. In addition to process parameters and performance parameters, a new category of parameters is introduced to characterize the behavior of base materials to control USW without energy directors. These parameters, named morphological parameters, are the degree of crystallinity (DoC) and the ratio of the crystalline phases of Nylon 6 (α/γ ratio). One method of controlling the morphological parameters is annealing. A design of experiments is carried out using 5 replicates and 7 annealing temperatures above the glass transition temperature (Tg) and below the melting temperature (Tm) of Nylon 6 to investigate the influence of annealing on the morphological parameters. The DoC and α/γ ratio are measured for each replicate by utilizing differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the DoC becomes uniform and the α/γ ratio increases after annealing. Consequently, the variation in weld strength decreases and the average weld strength increases by controlling the morphological parameters through annealing.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Ductile Fracture of Steel Pipelines
Authors: Mohajer Rahbari Nima , Xia Mengying , Liu Xiaoben , Roger Cheng J. J. , Adeeb Samer 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Rupture of steel pipelines leads to the loss-of-containment that may be accompanied with loss of life or damage to property and environment. Therefore, the understanding of the fracture characteristics of steel grades used in the pipelines is essential for a safe and reliable design. In this study, a set of small-scale fracture tests was designed and conducted in order to characterize the fracture of X65 steel grade. The experimental results show that not only is the fracture strain dependent on the triaxial stress condition but also the three-dimensional nature of the stress field considerably affects the ductile fracture toughness. Moreover, parallel finite element (FE) simulation of experiments were conducted and a hybrid experimental–numerical approach was used to calibrate the Mohr–Coulomb fracture criterion and obtain the equivalent plastic strain to fracture of X65 steel as a three-dimensional function of stress triaxiality and Lode angle. An engineering application friendly ductile fracture model is proposed for X65 steel pipelines.