bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of the extracorporeal shockwave therapy in patients with postherpetic neuralgia: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Lu , Zhou Ruihao , Sun Fuguo , Weng Yan , Ye Ling , Yang Pingliang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is one of the most common types of chronic neuropathic pain, which seriously affects quality of the life because of pain severity and poor response to the currently available treatments. The main strategies for PHN management are medication and invasive interventional therapies; however, these approaches have many adverse effects, so it is important to find another effective and safe treatment for PHN.

Methods
A single-center, single-blind randomized clinical trial will evaluate 98 study participants randomized in a 1:1 ratio into control and experimental groups. The control group will receive conventional treatment including medication therapy and invasive interventional therapy. The experimental group will receive extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) in addition to conventional therapy. The primary outcome is pain intensity assessed on a visual analogue scale (VAS); the secondary outcomes are the following: quality of life assessed by the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), psychological state for anxiety and depression measured by the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Assessors blinded to the randomization will collect data during the intervention period at baseline and weeks 1, 4, and 12. The plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 will be assessed before and after ESWT to explore the biochemical mechanisms of ESWT in the treatment of PHN.

Discussion
This randomized controlled trial will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ESWT in patients with PHN and thus will provide clinical evidence for its use in the management of PHN and explore the potential biochemical mechanisms of this treatment.

Trial registration
www.ChiCTR.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR1900025828. Registered on 10 September 2019
Engineering microbial pathways for production of bio-based chemicals from lignocellulosic sugars: current status and perspectives
Authors: Francois Jean Marie , Alkim Ceren , Morin Nicolas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLignocellulose is the most abundant biomass on earth with an annual production of about 2 × 1011 tons. It is an inedible renewable carbonaceous resource that is very rich in pentose and hexose sugars. The ability of microorganisms to use lignocellulosic sugars can be exploited for the production of biofuels and chemicals, and their concurrent biotechnological processes could advantageously replace petrochemicals’ processes in a medium to long term, sustaining the emerging of a new economy based on bio-based products from renewable carbon sources. One of the major issues to reach this objective is to rewire the microbial metabolism to optimally configure conversion of these lignocellulosic-derived sugars into bio-based products in a sustainable and competitive manner. Systems’ metabolic engineering encompassing synthetic biology and evolutionary engineering appears to be the most promising scientific and technological approaches to meet this challenge. In this review, we examine the most recent advances and strategies to redesign natural and to implement non-natural pathways in microbial metabolic framework for the assimilation and conversion of pentose and hexose sugars derived from lignocellulosic material into industrial relevant chemical compounds leading to maximal yield, titer and productivity. These include glycolic, glutaric, mesaconic and 3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid as organic acids, monoethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol and 1,2,4-butanetriol, as alcohols. We also discuss the big challenges that still remain to enable microbial processes to become industrially attractive and economically profitable.
Safety and efficacy of cell therapies in pediatric heart disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Martinez John , Zoretic Sarah , Moreira Axel , Moreira Alvaro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Adult clinical trials have reported safety and the therapeutic potential of stem cells for cardiac disease. These observations have now translated to the pediatric arena. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess safety and efficacy of cell-based therapies in animal and human studies of pediatric heart disease.

Methods and results
A literature search was conducted to examine the effects of cell-based therapies on: (i) safety and (ii) cardiac function. In total, 18 pre-clinical and 13 human studies were included. Pre-clinical: right ventricular dysfunction was the most common animal model (80%). Cardiac-derived (28%) and umbilical cord blood (24%) cells were delivered intravenously (36%) or intramyocardially (35%). Mortality was similar between cell-based and control groups (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.05, 17.41). Cell-based treatments preserved ejection fraction by 6.9% (p < 0.01), while intramyocardial at a dose of 1–10 M cells/kg optimized ejection fraction. Clinical: single ventricle physiology was the most common cardiac disease (n = 9). Cardiac tissue was a frequent cell source, dosed from 3.0 × 105 to 2.4 × 107 cells/kg. A decrease in adverse events occurred in the cell-based cohort (OR 0.17, p < 0.01). Administration of cell-based therapies improved ejection fraction (MD 4.84; 95% CI 1.62, 8.07; p < 0.01).

Conclusions
In this meta-analysis, cell-based therapies were safe and improved specific measures of cardiac function. Implications from this review may provide methodologic recommendations (source, dose, route, timing) for future clinical trials. Of note, many of the results described in this study pattern those seen in adult stem cell reviews and meta-analyses.
Neural side effect discovery from user credibility and experience-assessed online health discussions
Authors: Nguyen Van-Hoang , Sugiyama Kazunari , Kan Min-Yen , Halder Kishaloy 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundHealth 2.0 allows patients and caregivers to conveniently seek medical information and advice via e-portals and online discussion forums, especially regarding potential drug side effects. Although online health communities are helpful platforms for obtaining non-professional opinions, they pose risks in communicating unreliable and insufficient information in terms of quality and quantity. Existing methods in extracting user-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in online health forums are not only insufficiently accurate as they disregard user credibility and drug experience, but are also expensive as they rely on supervised ground truth annotation of individual statement. We propose a NEural ArchiTecture for Drug side effect prediction (NEAT), which is optimized on the task of drug side effect discovery based on a complete discussion while being attentive to user credibility and experience, thus, addressing the mentioned shortcomings. We train our neural model in a self-supervised fashion using ground truth drug side effects from mayoclinic.org. NEAT learns to assign each user a score that is descriptive of their credibility and highlights the critical textual segments of their post.ResultsExperiments show that NEAT improves drug side effect discovery from online health discussion by 3.04%from user-credibility agnostic baselines, and by 9.94%from non-neural baselines in term ofF1. Additionally, the latent credibility scores learned by the model correlate well with trustworthiness signals, such as the number of “thanks” received by other forum members, and improve credibility heuristics such as number of posts by 0.113 in term of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Experience-based self-supervised attention highlights critical phrases such as mentioned side effects, and enhances fully supervised ADR extraction models based on sequence labelling by 5.502%in terms of precision.ConclusionsNEAT considers both user credibility and experience in online health forums, making feasible a self-supervised approach to side effect prediction for mentioned drugs. The derived user credibility and attention mechanism are transferable and improve downstream ADR extraction models. Our approach enhances automatic drug side effect discovery and fosters research in several domains including pharmacovigilance and clinical studies.
Enabling ad-hoc reuse of private data repositories through schema extraction
Authors: Gleim Lars Christoph , Karim Md Rezaul , Zimmermann Lukas , Kohlbacher Oliver , Stenzhorn Holger , Decker Stefan , Beyan Oya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Sharing sensitive data across organizational boundaries is often significantly limited by legal and ethical restrictions. Regulations such as the EU General Data Protection Rules (GDPR) impose strict requirements concerning the protection of personal and privacy sensitive data. Therefore new approaches, such as the Personal Health Train initiative, are emerging to utilize data right in their original repositories, circumventing the need to transfer data.

Results
Circumventing limitations of previous systems, this paper proposes a configurable and automated schema extraction and publishing approach, which enables ad-hoc SPARQL query formulation against RDF triple stores without requiring direct access to the private data. The approach is compatible with existing Semantic Web-based technologies and allows for the subsequent execution of such queries in a safe setting under the data provider’s control. Evaluation with four distinct datasets shows that a configurable amount of concise and task-relevant schema, closely describing the structure of the underlying data, was derived, enabling the schema introspection-assisted authoring of SPARQL queries.

Conclusions
Automatically extracting and publishing data schema can enable the introspection-assisted creation of data selection and integration queries. In conjunction with the presented system architecture, this approach can enable reuse of data from private repositories and in settings where agreeing upon a shared schema and encoding a priori is infeasible. As such, it could provide an important step towards reuse of data from previously inaccessible sources and thus towards the proliferation of data-driven methods in the biomedical domain.
Joint multi-domain feature learning for image steganalysis based on CNN
Authors: Wang Ze , Chen Mingzhi , Yang Yu , Lei Min , Dong Zhexuan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn recent years, researchers have been making great progress in the steganalysis technology based on convolution neural networks (CNN). However, experts ignore the contribution of nonlinear residual and joint domain detection to steganalysis, and how to detect the adaptive steganographic algorithms with low embedding rates is still challenging. In this paper, we propose a CNN steganalysis model that uses a joint domain detection mechanism and a nonlinear detection mechanism. For the nonlinear detection mechanism, based on the spatial rich model (SRM), we introduce the maximum and minimum nonlinear residual feature acquisition method into the model to adapt to the nonlinear distribution of steganography information. For the joint domain detection mechanism, we not only apply the high-pass filters from the SRM for spatial residuals, but also apply the patterns from the discrete cosine transform residual (DCTR) for transformation steganographic impacts, so as to fully capture the interference trace of spatial steganography to transform domain. We also apply a new transfer learning method to improve the model’s performance. That is, we apply the low embedding rate steganography samples to initialize the model, because we think that the method makes the network more sensitive than applying high embedding rate steganography samples to initialize the model. The simulation results also confirm this assumption. Combined with the above improved methods, the detection accuracy of the model for WOW and S-UNIWARD is higher than that of SRM+EC, Ye-Net, Xu-Net, Yedroudj-Net and Zhu-Net, which is about 4 ∼6% higher than that of the optimal Zhu-Net. The results can provide a certain reference for steganalysis and image forensics tasks.
Optimal consumption and portfolio selection with lower and upper bounds on consumption
Authors: Roh Kum-Hwan , Shin Yong Hyun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate the optimal consumption and investment problem with lower and upper bounds on consumption constraints. We derive closed-form solutions by means of the dynamic programming approach. We also evaluate the effects of the optimal consumption and portfolio on consumption constraints and present some numerical/economic implications. In particular, we see that the upper bound on consumption acts as a bliss level in a quadratic utility model.
Response of soybean to Rhizobial inoculation and starter N fertilizer on Nitisols of Assosa and Begi areas, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Getachew Gebrehana Zerihun , Abeble Dagnaw Lijalem 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
For manipulating N2 fixation and improve the N benefits to agricultural legumes, there is a need to reduce the inhibitory effect of applied N on Rhizobia inoculant. The optimum level of inorganic N as starter fertilizer with inoculation of Rhizobia is essential to increase the production of legumes in smallholder farmers. However, the effect of inorganic N level which should be used by farmers with an inoculation to increase the production of soybean is not yet well known in soils of western Ethiopia. Therefore, the study conducted to determine the amount of starter N application which could enhance N2 fixation and soybean seed yield using Rhizobial inoculation and different nitrogen doses.

Methods
Six levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 9, 18, 27, 36, and 54 kg N ha−1) and two levels of inoculation (inoculated (1) and un-inoculated (0)) were arranged using split-plot RCBD with three replications.

Result
Seed inoculation with Rhizobia was significantly superior over un-inoculated treatments. Both rhizobia inoculation and N rates applied alone increased nodulation and yield of soybean, however, their combination further increased nodulation, growth performance, and seed yield and yield traits of soybean. Although nodulation parameters showed inconsistent results across cropping seasons, N application improved nodulation and shoot dry weight and interacted positively with inoculation across locations. Increasing rates of N from zero up to 18 kg ha−1 increased nodule number and dry weight but further increase of N reduced nodulation. Application of N at 18 kg ha−1 increased nodule number and dry weight by 98.3 and 115.0%, respectively over un-fertilized control as well as by 61.0 and 58.0%, respectively over the greatest N rate (54 kg N ha−1). The highest seed yield of soybean was obtained when inoculation applied with N at 18 and 27 kg ha−1 in 2016/17 and 2017/18, respectively across locations. However, seed yield in the 2016/17 cropping season was much higher than 2017/18. In 2016/17 and 2017/18, inoculation together with N at 18 kg ha−1 increased grain yield by 75.0 and 76.8% compared with for the control plants, 50.7 and 31.6% compared with inoculation alone, respectively. In both cropping seasons, the un-inoculated plants had shown a trend that an increase in seed yield with increased N rate.

Conclusion
Application of fertilizer N up to 18 kg ha−1 may be an optimum rate for effective nodulation and enhanced N2 fixation and thereby improved soybean yield. The present results demonstrate the potential of improving soybean nodulation, growth, and seed yield profitability using Rhizobia inoculant together with starter N at low N Nitisols soils of Western Ethiopia.
Mindfulness in primary school children as a route to enhanced life satisfaction, positive outlook and effective emotion regulation
Authors: Amundsen R. , Riby L. M. , Hamilton C. , Hope M. , McGann D. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Mindfulness programmes as a potential avenue of enhancing pupil wellbeing are beginning to show great promise. However, research concerning the effectiveness of mindfulness training for primary aged school children (7–11 years of age) has been neglected.

Methods
Building on methodological limitations of prior research, this study employed an active controlled design to assess the longer term wellbeing and emotion regulation outcomes after a 6 week mindfulness programme (Living Mindfully Programme, UK), for a group of school children aged between 9 and 10. The programme was delivered by class teachers as part of their normal curriculum entitlement. One hundred and eight children took part from across three schools in North East of England. Participants formed a treatment group (n = 64), active control (n = 19) and wait list control (n = 25). Self-report measures of wellbeing, mindfulness and emotion regulation were collected at pre and post training as well as at 3 months follow up.

Results
Reliable findings, judged by medium to large effect sizes across both post intervention, follow-up and between both controls, demonstrated enhancement in a number of domains. Immediately after training and follow up, when compared with the wait list control, children who received mindfulness training showed significant improvements in mindfulness (d = .76 and .77), Positive Outlook (d = .55 and .64) and Life Satisfaction (d = .65 and 0.72). Even when compared to an active control, the effects remained although diminished reflecting the positive impact of the active control condition. Furthermore, a significant positive relationship was found between changes in mindfulness and changes in cognitive reappraisal.

Conclusions
Taken together, this study provides preliminary evidence that the Living Mindfully Primary Programme is feasibly delivered by school staff, enjoyed by the children and may significantly improve particular components of wellbeing. Importantly, higher levels of mindfulness as a result of training may be related to effective emotional regulatory and cognitive reappraisal strategies.
Alloy ratio and raw material sourcing of Warring States Period bronze bracelets in Huili County, Southwest China by pXRF and MC-ICP-MS
Authors: Chen Dian , Yang Yingdong , Du Jing , Tang Xiang , Luo Wugan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Up to now, there have been few monographic analyses of metal ornaments in China. This study presents a case study of the metallurgical archaeology on bracelets from Huili (会理), which may shed light on the issue as production status, technical level, use of raw material and workmanship exchange. Ten bronze bracelets from the Fenjiwan (粪箕湾) site, Huili County and nine ancient slags within 2 km were analyzed by pXRF and MC-ICP-MS methods. The classification of bronze bracelets according to alloy ratio is exactly the same as that of lead isotope. One group used local copper from Huili without adding lead, while the other group added lead material from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Combined with other relevant data, the results indicate that the technology route of bronze in Southwest China was from Cu-Sn binary alloys to Cu-Sn–Pb ternary alloys, and during the Warring States period (475-221 BC), this region may have certain contacts and exchanges with the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and even the Central Plains.
Post-transplant inflow modulation for early allograft dysfunction after living donor liver transplantation
Authors: Elshawy Mohamed , Toshima Takeo , Asayama Yoshiki , Kubo Yuichiro , Ikeda Shinichiro , Ikegami Toru , Arakaki Shingo , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Mori Masaki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo treat small-for-size syndrome (SFSS) after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), many procedures were described for portal flow modulation before, during, or after transplantation. The selection of the procedure as well as the best timing remains controversial.Case presentationA 43-year-old female with end-stage liver disease underwent LDLT with extended left with caudate lobe graft from her donor who was her 41-year-old brother (graft volume/standard liver volume (GV/SLV), 35.7%; graft to recipient weight ratio (GRWR), 0.67%). During the surgery, splenectomy could not be performed owing to severe peri-splenic adhesions to avoid the ruined bleedings. The splenic artery ligation was not also completely done because it was dorsal to the pancreas and difficult to be approached. Finally, adequate portal vein (PV) inflow was confirmed after portal venous thrombectomy. As having post-transplant optional procedures that are accessible for PV flow modulation, any other procedures for PV modulation during LDLT were not done until the postoperative assessment of the graft function and PV flow for possible postoperative modulation of the portal flow accordingly. Postoperative PV flow kept as high as 30 cm/s. By the end of the 1st week, there was a progressive deterioration of the total bilirubin profile (peak as 19.4 mg/dL) and ascitic fluid amount exceeded 1000 mL/day. Therefore, splenic artery embolization was done effectively and safely on the 10th postoperative day (POD) to reverse early allograft dysfunction as PV flow significantly decreased to keep within 20 cm/s and serum total bilirubin levels gradually declined with decreased amounts of ascites below 500 mL on POD 11 and thereafter. The patient was discharged on POD 28 with good condition.ConclusionsSFSS can be prevented or reversed by the portal inflow modulation, even by post-transplant procedure. This case emphasizes that keeping accessible angiographic treatment options for PV modulation, such as splenic artery embolization, after LDLT is quite feasible.
Correlation between timed up and go, usual gait speed and dizziness handicap inventory in elderly with vestibular disorders: a retrospective and analytical study
Authors: Verdecchia Daniel Héctor , Monzón Agustina Maria , Urbina Jaimes Valentina , da Silva Paiva Laercio , Oliveira Fernando Rocha , de Carvalho Tatiana Dias 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
This study was done to verify the associations between the usual gait speed (UGS), the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and the perception of disability in elderly vestibular patients and to identify factors associated with TUG results.

Methods
This was a descriptive, analytical, and retrospective study that used data from the clinical records of vestibular patients aged 65 years or older at a rehabilitation service in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The records were examined for the following information: sex, age, type of vestibular disorder, dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) score and performance in the TUG and UGS tests before treatment. Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used depending on the distribution of data. Age and the DHI were factored into multiple linear regression models in order to model the tests. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive power of age, the DHI total, and the UGS for the sample’s TUG results. The level of significance was 5%.

Results
We evaluated 118 clinical records, of which 26 were excluded due to incomplete information, leaving data from 92 vestibular patients (73 females; 78.3 ± 5.8 years old). Unilateral vestibular hypofunction and Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo presented the highest prevalence. The total score and the DHI domains showed a significant association with the TUG and UGS values. The age-adjusted DHI had a low predictive power for these same values.

Conclusions
The total score and DHI domains have a significant association with the TUG and UGS values for elderly adults with vestibular disorders. The age-adjusted DHI has a low predictive power for TUG and UGS values.