bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thyroid Function of Infants Breastfed by Mothers with Graves Disease Treated with Inorganic Iodine: A Study of 100 Cases
Authors: Hamada Katsuhiko , Mizokami Tetsuya , Maruta Tetsushi , Higashi Kiichiro , Konishi Kaoru , Momotani Naoko , Tajiri Junichi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Context
We previously reported that inorganic iodine therapy in lactating women with Graves disease (GD) did not affect the thyroid function in 25 of 26 infants despite their exposure to excess iodine via breast milk.

Objective
To further assess thyroid function in infants nursed by mothers with GD treated with inorganic iodine.

Design
Case series

Setting
Tajiri Thyroid Clinic, Japan

Participants
One hundred infants of lactating mothers with GD treated with potassium iodide (KI) for thyrotoxicosis

Main Outcome Measures
Infant blood thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) levels were measured by the filter paper method. Subclinical hypothyroidism was defined as TSH ≥10 μIU/mL and ≥5 μIU/mL in infants aged &lt;6 and ≥6 months, respectively.

Results
Overall, 210 blood samples were obtained from 100 infants. The median infant age was 5 (range, 0-23) months; median maternal KI dose, 50 (4-100) mg/day; median blood TSH level, 2.7 (0.1-12.3) μIU/mL; and median blood FT4 level, 1.04 (0.58-1.94) ng/dL. Blood TSH level was normal in 88/100 infants. Twelve infants had subclinical hypothyroidism; among them, blood TSH levels normalized after maternal KI withdrawal or stopping breastfeeding in 3 infants. In 7 infants, blood TSH levels normalized during KI administration without stopping breastfeeding. Two infants could not be followed up.

Conclusion
In Japan, inorganic iodine therapy for lactating women with GD did not affect thyroid function in most of the infants. Approximately 10% of infants had mild subclinical hypothyroidism, but blood TSH level normalized during continued or after discontinuing iodine exposure in all followed up infants.
Contesting Big Brother
Authors: Godden Mason 
Published: November 2020

In 1978, over 200 textile workers affiliated with Local 560 of the Canadian Textile and Chemical Union went on strike at Puretex Knitting Company, a small garment factory in Toronto, Ontario. Of the strikers, 190 were immigrant women who opposed management’s installation of nine security cameras on the premises, one of which was trained on the entrance to the women’s washroom. To have the cameras removed and win the strike, Local 560 used a combination of traditional strike tactics and legal mobilization. This article makes a case for the significance of the Puretex strike by arguing that workplace surveillance acted as a flashpoint around which feminist and legal allies could mobilize in support of exploited immigrant women in the textile industry during the 1970s. By the strike’s end, the Puretex women had not only gained invaluable and transformative strike experience but engaged with industrial legality and the state in a way that brought about meaningful change in their workplace. The Puretex strike is therefore a significant case of immigrant women’s militant organizing in the labour and feminist movements during the 1970s and an important reminder that engagement with industrial law and the state, in certain historical contexts, can provide avenues for successful worker resistances.

En 1978, plus de 200 travailleurs du textile affiliés à la section locale 560 du Syndicat canadien du textile et de la chimie se sont mis en grève à Puretex Knitting Company, une petite usine de confection à Toronto, en Ontario. Parmi les grévistes, 190 étaient des immigrantes qui se sont opposées à l’installation par la direction de neuf caméras de sécurité sur les lieux, dont l’une a été mise à l’entrée des toilettes pour femmes. Pour faire retirer les caméras et gagner la grève, la section locale 560 a utilisé une combinaison de tactiques de grève traditionnelles et de mobilisation légale. Cet article démontre l’importance de la grève de Puretex en affirmant que la surveillance du lieu de travail a agi comme un point d’éclair autour duquel les alliées féministes et juridiques pouvaient se mobiliser pour soutenir les immigrantes exploitées dans l’industrie textile au cours des années 1970. À la fin de la grève, les femmes de Puretex avaient non seulement acquis une expérience de grève inestimable et transformatrice, mais elles se sont engagées dans la légalité industrielle et l’État d’une manière qui a entraîné des changements significatifs sur leur lieu de travail. La grève de Puretex est donc un cas significatif d’organisation militante des femmes immigrées dans les mouvements ouvriers et féministes au cours des années 1970 et un rappel important que l’engagement avec le droit du travail et l’État, dans certains contextes historiques, peut fournir des pistes pour des résistances ouvrières fructueuses.
Rates and Predictors of Undergoing Different Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening Tests in Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Kim Nicole J. , Jacob David A. , Ioannou George N. , John Binu V. , Rogal Shari , Rozenberg-Ben-Dror Karine 
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION:
We aimed to assess rates and predictors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) screening among patients with cirrhosis.

METHODS:
We reviewed electronic health records of 11,361 patients with cirrhosis from 11 U.S. Veterans Health Administration facilities for receipt of HCC screening in the 6 months preceding October 1, 2019.

RESULTS:
Nearly half of the cohort (46%) received HCC screening over a 6-month period. Screening rates and modalities (ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, serum alpha fetoprotein) varied by facility. Screening was associated with race/ethnicity, body mass index ≥ 25, cirrhosis etiology, thrombocytopenia, Fibrosis-4 ≥ 3.25, and lower Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium.

DISCUSSION:
HCC screening rates varied by facility. Higher risk patients were more likely to receive screening.
PERKAWINAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILOSOFIS HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Musyafah Aisyah Ayu 
Published: November 2020

Islam disyariatkan hanya untuk memberikan kemaslahatan kepada seluruh manusia dan menghindari dari kemudharatan. Salah satu petunjuk Allah dalam syariat islam adalah diperintahkannya menikah dan diharamkannya berzinah. Perintah kawin merupakan salah satu implementasi dari Al-Maqasyid Al-Khamsah yaitu hifzhul nasl. Tulisan ini untuk menggambarkan pemahaman tentang apa itu perkawinan,rukun dan syarat perkawinan, hukum perkawinan serta bagaimana pencatatan perkawinan dan hak keperdataan istri dan anak. Melalui tema ini berusaha untuk diuraikan. Adapun kesimpulan yang dapat dirumuskan perkawinan adalah suatu perjanjian suci antara seorang pria dan perempuan untuk membangun rumah tangga yang bahagia. Dan sah apabila telah memenuhi rukun dan syarat. Dimana Hukum dalam perkawinan ada 5 yaitu wajib, sunnah, makruh, mubah, dan haram. Dan perkawinan yang baik itu dicatatkan disertai pembuktiannya dengan akta nikah sehingga akan mendatangkan maslahat untuk pihak istri dan keturunannya.
Gastric cancer in East Azerbaijan, Iran: Five-year survival analysis of population-based cancer registry results
Authors: Jabbaripour Pooneh , Somi Mohammad Hossein , Abdolahi Hossein Mashhadi , Dolatkhah Roya 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Gastric cancer is the most common cancer with significant increasing trends during the last decade in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiologic profile of gastric cancer along with gastric cancer-specific survival analysis.
Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study in which all gastric cancer data were analyzed using the database of the East Azerbaijan Population-Based Cancer Registry (EA-PBCR). The incidents of definitive gastric cancer diagnosis were between the period of March 20th, 2015 to March 19th, 2017 ( = 3 Iranian solar years). The survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and life tables for 1- to 5-year survival data. The Log-rank test and Cox regression were computed to test the equality of survival function and mortality hazard.
Results: Overall, 2,631 newly diagnosed gastric cancer cases were registered for 3 years. Gastric cancer was 2.35 times more common in men than women. The most common age group was the 7th decade- with 531 (31.2%) gastric cancer cases. Most of the gastric cancer cases were non-cardia (n = 2,244, 85.29%) cancer, and the proportion of non-cardia to cardia gastric cancer was 5.8:1. Overall survival was 60.1%, and 1- to 5-year survival proportions were 91.61%, 64.21%, 58.53%, 30.14% and 24.77%, respectively. Cardia cancers had a worse survival rate than non-cardia cancers, and the hazard of mortality was 1.33 times higher in cardia than non-cardia cancers (hazard ratio or HR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.05 - 1.68; P = 0.017).
Conclusion: Non-cardia gastric cancer is still the most dominant subsite in East Azerbaijan, Iran. There was a higher 1- to 5- year survival proportion in East Azerbaijan, with lower overall mortality rates, compared to other regions of Iran.
The use of Communicative Language Learning (CLL) to Teach Speaking at a Taiwanese Elementary School: Implementation and Students’ Responses
Authors: Yosephine Tan Laura , Listyani Listyani 
Published: November 2020

Speaking is one of the important skills to master. The importance of learning speaking skills helps people to share their ideas, agreement or disagreement, compliment, and so on to others. Some students feel a lack of practice in learning English because they don't have enough support, including those in Taiwan. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to investigate how Taiwanese teachers apply CLL in speaking activities and the students' responses towards speaking activities which implement CLL at an elementary school in Taiwan. Data for this qualitative study were gathered from semi-structured interviews and reflective journals. The participants were one Taiwanese English teacher and 32 elementary school students. Data from the semi-structured interview were recorded, then transcribed. After that, themes were drawn based on the transcribed interviews. Based on the data, it was found that the Taiwanese English teacher applied CLL to teach the English language. Some activities such as group discussion and Think-Pair-Share were done. These activities were found useful because students could gain more vocabulary, a fun atmosphere created inside the classroom, and better fluency and pronunciation.
Evaluation of Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Findings of Neonates with Clinical Seizure Admitted to Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital and its Effect on Diagnostic and Therapeutic Interventions of Newborns from 2015-2016
Authors: Fallah Razieh , Asadi Mohammad Javad , Nafisi Moghadam Reza , Ahrar Yazdi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: In neonatal period, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the best neuroimaging to find etiology of seizure. The aim of this study was to evaluate brain MRI findings of neonates with clinical seizure and its effect on diagnostic and therapeutic interventions of newborn.
Methods: In a retrospective study, medical records and brain MRI findings of neonates with clinical seizure admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit or Pediatric Ward of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran from September 2018 and before were evaluated. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software , the required indicators and tables were prepared and Fisher exact test and Chi-square test were used to determine the relationship between qualitative variables and independent t-test was used to compare the means in the two groups
Results: Twenty-five girls and 38 boys were studied. The cause of seizures was found in 94% and the most common cause of congenital hypoxia was in 22 infants (35%). The most common type of seizure was tonic in 23 infants (36.5%) and the most common type of generalized seizure was in 47 infants (75%). Brain MRI was abnormal in 19 neonates (30%). Based on the MRI results, there was a change in therapeutic interventions (brain surgery) in four infants (6.3%) and in diagnostic interventions (metabolic tests) in 19 infants (30%). Abnormal brain MRI was more frequent in neonates by cesarean section (46%) than normal vaginal delivery (19%), (p= 0.01) and also neonates with partial seizure (37.5%) had an abnormal MRI than generalized seizure (21%), (p= 0.03). Mean of hospitalization days was longer in neonates with abnormal brain MRI (12.32±2.76 days) than neonates with normal MRI (8.57±2.82 days) (P = 0.02).
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, brain MRI might be useful in finding intracranial pathology that causes seizure in neonates by cesarean section to detect birth asphyxia and in newborns with partial seizure.
Mandatory pharmacist-led education session for patients seeking medical cannabis
Authors: Parihar Vikas , Katz Laura , Siyam Mahmoud A. , Rogers Anna , Patterson Lisa , Zacharias Ramesh 
Published: November 2020

Objective: The primary objectives of this pre-post session study, was to evaluate the impact of a pharmacist-led education session on the perceived benefits and safety of cannabis among patients with chronic pain, as well as determine the influence of pharmacist education on the selection of safer cannabis products and dosage forms for medical use among patients.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of completed pre-post session questionnaires was conducted among chronic pain patients attending a mandatory education session led by a pharmacist, prior to being authorized cannabis in clinic. All questionnaire data was analyzed using SPSS v. 25. Demographic and sample characteristics were reviewed using univariate analyses. Chi-Square tests were employed to determine if the group-based education significantly affected knowledge, perception of efficacy and safety of cannabis.
Results: Of the 260 session participants, 203 completed pre-post session questionnaires. After the session, a majority of current cannabis users (33.8%) and cannabis naïve/past users (56.9%) reported they would use a low THC product in the future, and a majority of current users (54.5%) would use a high CBD product in the future. After education, participants were more likely to report cannabis as having the potential for addiction (chi-square =42.6, p <0.0001) and harm (chi-square =34.0, p <0.0001).
Conclusions: Pharmacist counselling and education has the potential to influence patient selection and use of cannabis, from more harmful to safer products, as well as moderate the potential perceived benefits of use.
The hardware method of biomaterial preparation for fecal transplantation
Authors: Shedoeva L. R. , Chashkova E. Yu. , Karnoukhova O. G. , Kogan G. Yu. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Nowadays fecal transplantation (FT) is considered as a component of the treatment for a wide range of disorders, including autoimmune diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis). High-quality preparation of the biomaterial is a necessary procedure that allows for long-time storage of the prepared fecal transplant at ultralow temperature conditions and it use as needed.Aim: To optimize the method of preparation of the biomaterial for fecal transplantation and to evaluate its "survival" at different time points under cryopreservation conditions.Materials and methods: A device for the preparation of donor fecal material for transplantation has been developed and proposed (the Russian Federation patent No. 2659417 from July 2, 2018). Donor fecal material (collected in a sterile container on the same day of preparation in the morning), the solvent, and glycerol are homogenized automatically in the closed loop device and passed through a disposable filter with attached sterile hemocon container. Freezing at ultralow temperature (cryopreservation at -80 °C) allows for long time storage of this fecal graft. We studied the microbial composition of the obtained native substrate and samples that were cryopreserved at different time points (7 to 365 days).Results: The proposed original method makes it possible to prepare the biomaterial for storage at a low temperature mode without any contact, in a closed loop, for subsequent fecal transplantation within 6–12 months. The analysis of the fecal transplant at different time points has shown no qualitative and quantitative differences in the microbial composition between the native donor material and the freshly prepared filtrate. The biomaterial prepared according to the original method is stable for 12 months.Conclusion: The proposed hardware method for preparing the biomaterial for fecal transplantation is easy to use and allows for the preparation of a graft with minimal external microbial contamination, in contrast to the conventional method of donor material preparation by filtering fecal matter through gauze or coffee filters with manual assistance.
Migration and Dietary Diversity Changes among the Students: Case Study of the University of Delhi in India
Authors: Mishra Saumya , Anand Subhash 
Published: November 2020

A large number of students migrate every year to the University of Delhi to pursue higher studies. Most of these students find accommodation within the vicinity of the university, that is North Campus of the university. Change in their daily diets, induced by the migration, therefore, becomes a critical aspect of determining their physical and mental well-being. The paper aims to examine the changes in their dietary diversity after migration. The principal focus is to analyse the comparative qualitative differences in the diet of the students before and after migration to the University of Delhi. The focus group for the research work comprises randomly selected migrant students from different parts of India, presently living in the North Campus of Delhi. For the primary survey, 100 respondents have been selected from four localities within the North Campus (Vijay Nagar, Malka Ganj, Kamla Nagar, and Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar) to get first-hand information and opinions. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques have been applied to identify the relationship between socio-economic and demographic features of the respondents, and the changes in their dietary diversity have been examined. The findings demonstrate an alarming trend being prevalent across all the four localities—in the consumption of nuts, dry & fresh fruits, and vegetables along with the simultaneous trend of a significant increase in fast-food consumption. The extent of the change varied significantly across the four localities. The highest decline in dietary diversity was observed in Vijay Nagar, whereas Kamla Nagar experienced the least changes in dietary diversity.
Evaluation of the payability of Russian companies and practice of using their bankruptcy procedures
Authors: Baklaeva N. M. 
Published: November 2020

In modern business conditions, an increasing number of Russian companies have problems with solvency, as a result of which they are forced to go into bankruptcy proceedings. In such conditions, it seems important to develop the rehabilitation potential of business bankruptcy. The objectives of the work are to identify the reasons for the low solvency of Russian companies, as well as the rare use of bankruptcy rehabilitation procedures and their low effectiveness, which will allow us to identify new approaches to the development of the rehabilitation, including health, bankruptcy potential. In the course of the study, a comprehensive and systematic approach to the studied processes and phenomena was applied, which are implemented by means of general scientific methods: scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis. The use of standard analytical methods (comparison, summaries and groupings) made it possible to assess the solvency of Russian companies, their participation in bankruptcy proceedings and the effectiveness of bankruptcy proceedings. The study made it possible to conclude that today the activities of the overwhelming majority of insolvent Russian companies are completed with the help of bankruptcy proceedings, while the main function of bankruptcy rehabilitation procedures is solely in debt repayment extended over time, which requires further improvement by adding a vector to preservation and development of the debtor's business. The results of the study can be used in analytical practice, as well as to develop new approaches to the development of the rehabilitation potential of bankruptcy proceedings.
Monitoring as a tool for achieving the goals of socio-economic development of rural areas
Authors: Tolstolutsky R. O. 
Published: November 2020

The article theoretically substantiates the need to use a special tool to ensure sustainable development of rural territories. As such, it is proposed to use a monitoring system that will allow to analyze, evaluate and control all the factors in the implementation of strategies for their socio-economic development, and will also determine the level of achievement of the goals. Within the framework of the Voronezh region, the analysis of indicators of the socio-economic development of rural territories is carried out, their typical problems are identified. The most common among which are the worsening demographic situation and the underdevelopment of the educational system. On the example of the Vorobevsky municipal district, a typical homogeneous rural territory of the Voronezh region, the influence of strategic planning on its development is shown. It has been established that most of the indicators of socio-economic development are planned with positive shifts, which, however, does not indicate the possibility of actual achievement of the set goals. A comparative characteristic and analysis of the impact of strategies for the socio-economic development of rural settlements on the implementation of the strategy of the Vorobevsky district was made. It was revealed that the mission of the Vorobevsky district combines elements of the missions of rural settlements: the cultural heritage of Berezovsky, a comfortable living environment and entrepreneurship of Solonetsky, a comfortable living environment and agriculture of Nikolsky 1st; The general goal and objectives of the strategies of rural settlements are reflected in the strategy of socio-economic development of the Vorobevsky district. It is proposed to introduce annual monitoring as a tool capable of achieving the goals of the socio-economic development of rural areas, since the existing simple assessment of the formation of target indicators in three stages will not give the desired result. In this regard, the necessity of developing a special methodology for monitoring the implementation of strategies for socio-economic development, which will assess the achievement of the goals of the strategy in percentage terms at a particular point in time, is justified.