bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METTL3 potentiates resistance to cisplatin through m6A modification of TFAP2C in seminoma
Authors: Wei Jingchao , Yin Yinghao , Zhou Jun , Chen Hanfei , Peng Jingxuan , Yang Jianfu , Tang Yuxin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTesticular germ cell tumours (TGCTs) rank as the most common malignancy in men aged 20‐34 years, and seminomas are the most type of TGCTs. As a crucial anti‐tumour agent with explicit toxicity, cisplatin may render resistance through intertwined mechanisms, even in disease entities with high curative ratio, such as seminoma. Previously, we established cisplatin‐resistant seminoma TCam‐2 (TCam‐2/CDDP) cells and showed that epigenetic regulations, such as non‐coding RNA (ncRNA) interactions, might orchestrate cell fate decisions in the cisplatin treatment context in seminoma. N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal modification in mRNA. In the present study, we assessed cisplatin resistance in seminoma from the perspective of m6A, another manner of epigenetic modification. The global m6A enrichment of TCam‐2 and TCam‐2/CDDP was depicted. Then, we elucidated whether transcription factor‐activating enhancer‐binding protein 2C (TFAP2C) was functionally m6A‐modified by methyltransferase‐like protein 3 (METTL3), which acted as an m6A ‘writer’, and insulin‐like growth factor 2 mRNA‐binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1), which acted as an m6A ‘reader’. Enhanced stability of TFAP2C mRNA promoted seminoma cell survival under cisplatin treatment burden probably through up‐regulation of DNA repair‐related genes. Hopefully, this study will help improve our understanding of the subtleties of the tumour cellular coping strategy in response to chemotherapy. Targeting factors that are involved in m6A methylation may be an effective strategy for circumventing cisplatin resistance in seminoma.
CircPSMC3 alleviates the symptoms of PCOS by sponging miR‐296‐3p and regulating PTEN expression
Authors: Liu Jun , Ding Jinli , Qu Bing , Liu Jiuying , Song Xiaojie , Suo Qingli , Zhou Aifen , Yang Jing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common female endocrine disease that causes anovulatory infertility, still lacks promising strategy for the accurate diagnosis and effective therapeutics of PCOS attributed to its unclear aetiology. In this study, we determined the abnormal reduction in circPSMC3 expression by comparing the ovarian tissue samples of PCOS patients and normal individuals. The symptom relief caused by up‐regulation of circPSMC3 in PCOS model mice suggested the potential for further study. In vitro functional experiments confirmed that circPSMC3 can inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis by blocking the cell cycle in human‐like granular tumour cell lines. Mechanism study revealed that circPSMC3 may play its role through sponging miR‐296‐3p to regulate PTEN expression. Collectively, we preliminarily characterized the role and possible insights of circPSMC3/miR‐296‐3p/PTEN axis in the proliferation and apoptosis of KGN cells. We hope that this work provides some original and valuable information for the research of circRNAs in PCOS, not only to better understand the pathogenesis but also to help provide new clues for seeking for the future therapeutic target of PCOS.
EU Trade and Non‐trade Objectives: New Survey Evidence on Policy Design and Effectiveness
Authors: Yildirim Aydin , Basedow Robert , Fiorini Matteo , Hoekman Bernard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEU trade policy increasingly focuses on the achievement of non‐trade policy objectives (NTPOs) such as the promotion of human rights or environmental protection, motivating research on the political economy determinants and effectiveness of linking trade policy and NTPOs. This research reports selected findings from a new expert survey of stakeholder perceptions of trade–NTPO linkages. These suggest that the views of EU institutions align with those of civil society organizations more than with business, but also reveal significant differences in the perceived effectiveness of trade–NTPO linkage strategies. Many stakeholder groups believe that policy instruments other than trade agreements are more effective tools to pursue NTPOs. These findings suggest that further research on EU trade policy and non‐trade issues should consider the broader range of external policy tools available to the EU in pursuit of NTPOs and the determinants of differences in preferences for alternative policy instruments.
Elevated incubation temperature improves later‐life swimming endurance in juvenile Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Authors: Lim Dan Dohyung , Milligan C. Louise , Morbey Yolanda E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe effect of incubation and rearing temperature on muscle development and swimming endurance under a high‐intensity swimming test was investigated in juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in a hatchery experiment. After controlling for the effects of fork length (LF) and parental identity, times to fatigue of fish were higher when fish were incubated or reared at warmer temperatures. Significant differences among combinations of pre‐ and post‐emergence temperatures conformed to 15–15°C > 15–9°C > 9–9°C > 7–9°C > 7–7°C in 2011 when swimming tests were conducted at 300 accumulated temperature units post‐emergence and 15–9°C > (7–9°C = 7–7°C) in 2012 when swimming tests were conducted at an LF of c. 40 mm. The combination of pre‐ and post‐emergence temperatures also affected the number and size of muscle fibres, with differences among temperature treatments in mean fibre cross‐sectional area persisting after controlling for LF and parental effects. Nonetheless, neither fibre number nor fibre size accounted for significant variation in swimming endurance. Thus, thermal carryover effects on swimming endurance were not mediated by thermal imprinting of muscle structure. This is the first study to test how temperature, body size and muscle structure interact to affect swimming endurance during early development in salmon.
Determining the usefulness of Capsule Scoring of Ulcerative Colitis in predicting relapse of inactive ulcerative colitis
Authors: Matsubayashi Mao , Kobayashi Taku , Okabayashi Shinji , Nakano Masaru , Sagami Shintaro , Ozaki Ryo , Kiyohara Hiroki , Morikubo Hiromu , Asonuma Kunio , Miyatani Yusuke , Maeda Shin , Hibi Toshifumi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThe usefulness of second‐generation colon capsule endoscopy (CCE2) in ulcerative colitis (UC), especially in clinically inactive patients, has been reported. Capsule Scoring of Ulcerative Colitis (CSUC) was developed as a severity index for UC. We aimed to determine whether CSUC is useful for predicting relapse during clinical remission.MethodsForty‐one UC patients in clinical remission who underwent CCE2 were prospectively registered from April 2016 to August 2019. Patients' CSUC score was obtained; those with subsequent relapse were followed up retrospectively. The correlation of CSUC with white blood cell count, platelet count, albumin, C‐reactive protein, fecal calprotectin and fecal lactoferrin levels, and fecal immunochemical test results was evaluated; their predictive values for future relapse were compared.ResultsThe correlations of CSUC with white blood cell, platelet, albumin, C‐reactive protein, fecal calprotectin, fecal immunochemical test, and fecal lactoferrin values were rs = 0.13, 0.27, −0.25, 0.15, 0.50, 0.43, and 0.50, respectively. CSUC was higher in 12 patients who relapsed within 1 year than in 29 patients who remained in clinical remission (2.83 ± 1.95 vs 0.72 ± 1.00, P < 0.01). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis showed that CSUC ≥ 1 was a predictor of relapse (area under the curve of 0.82, sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity of 58.6%) and maybe superior to fecal biomarkers. In the univariate analysis, patients with CSUC of 0 had a lower relapse rate than those with CSUC of ≧ 1 (P = 0.03, log–rank test). After analyzing patients who underwent CCE2 within 6 months after the successful induction treatment, results showed that those with CSUC of ≤ 1 remained in clinical remission for a year.ConclusionCSUC predicts relapse within 1 year in UC patients in clinical remission, especially when used 6 months after induction treatment.
Design and Methodology of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India‐Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (LASI‐DAD)
Authors: Lee Jinkook , Khobragade Pranali Y. , Banerjee Joyita , Chien Sandy , Angrisani Marco , Perianayagam Arokiasamy , Bloom David E. , Dey Aparajit B. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESTo provide high‐quality data on older adults in India that will enable an in‐depth study of late‐life cognition and dementia in India and cross‐country analysis of risk factors for cognitive aging and dementia.DESIGNThe Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) is a nationally representative survey of health, economic, and social well‐being of the Indian population aged 45 and older. Its large sample of more than 70,000 older adults represents not only the country as a whole but also each state. LASI‐Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (DAD) is an in‐depth study of late‐life cognition and dementia, drawing a subsample of over 3,000 LASI respondents aged 60 and older.SETTINGParticipants were interviewed at home or in a participating hospital according to their preferences.PARTICIPANTSAdults aged 60 and older (N = 3,224), along with 3,191 informants.MEASUREMENTSRespondents underwent a battery of cognitive tests, and informants were interviewed about their cognitive and health conditions. A common set of cognitive tests was selected to enable international comparisons, and additional cognitive tests suitable for illiterate and innumerate populations were also selected. Rich data on risk factors of dementia were collected through health examination, venous blood assays, and genotyping.RESULTSThe response rate was 82.9%, varying across sex, education, and urbanicity. Data are available to other researchers.CONCLUSIONLASI‐DAD provides an opportunity to study late‐life cognition and dementia and their risk factors in the older population in India and to gain further insights through cross‐country analysis by pooling data from its international sister studies. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:S5‐S10, 2020.
Statin Discontinuation and Life‐Limiting Illness in Non–Skilled Stay Nursing Homes at Admission
Authors: Mack Deborah S. , Baek Jonggyu , Tjia Jennifer , Lapane Kate L. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVESTo estimate 30‐day statin discontinuation among newly admitted nursing home residents overall and within categories of life‐limiting illness.DESIGNRetrospective cohort using Minimum Data Set 3.0 nursing home admission assessments from 2015 to 2016 merged to Medicare administrative data files.SETTINGU.S. Medicare‐ and Medicaid‐certified nursing home facilities (n = 13,092).PARTICIPANTSMedicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries, aged 65 years and older, newly admitted to nursing homes for non–skilled nursing facility stays on statin pharmacotherapy at the time of admission (n = 73,247).MEASUREMENTSResidents were categorized using evidence‐based criteria to identify progressive, terminal conditions or limited prognoses (<6 months). Discontinuation was defined as the absence of a new Medicare Part D claim for statin pharmacotherapy in the 30 days following nursing home admission.RESULTSOverall, 19.9% discontinued statins within 30 days of nursing home admission, with rates that varied by life‐limiting illness classification (no life‐limiting illness: 20.5%; serious illness: 18.6%; receipt of palliative care consult: 34.5%; clinician designated as end‐of‐life: 45.0%). Relative to those with no life‐limiting illness, risk of 30‐day statin discontinuation increased with life‐limiting illness severity (serious illness: adjusted risk ratio (aRR) = 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.10; palliative care index diagnosis: aRR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.10–1.21; palliative care consultation: aRR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.43–1.74; clinician designated as end of life: aRR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.42–1.79). Nevertheless, most remained on statins after entering the nursing home regardless of life‐limiting illness status.CONCLUSIONStatin use continues in a large proportion of Medicare beneficiaries after admission to a nursing home. Additional deprescribing research, which identifies how to engage nursing home residents and healthcare providers in a process to safely and effectively discontinue medications with questionable benefits, is warranted.
Anatectic melt inclusions in ultra high temperature granulites
Authors: Gianola Omar , Bartoli Omar , Ferri Fabio , Galli Andrea , Ferrero Silvio , Capizzi Luca S. , Liebske Christian , Remusat Laurent , Poli Stefano , Cesare Bernardo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPartial melting up to ultra high temperature (UHT) conditions is one of the major processes for the geochemical differentiation and reworking of the mid‐ to lower continental crust, with relevant implications on its rheological behaviour. UHT granulites from the Gruf Complex (European Central Alps) display garnet and sapphirine porphyroblasts containing a variety of primary melt inclusions (MI). Typically, MI in garnet occur as glassy and polycrystalline inclusions (i.e. nanogranitoids), the latter commonly organized in mm‐sized clusters associated with primary fluid inclusions (FI). Nanogranitoids are characterized by an elliptical faceted shape, with variable sizes ranging from 2 to 115 µm, while glassy inclusions show negative crystal shapes that usually never exceed 15 µm in diameter and present CO2‐rich shrinkage bubbles. The characteristic mineral assemblage observed in nanogranitoids consists of quartz, biotite, muscovite, plagioclase, K‐feldspar, kokchetavite and rarely aluminosilicates. Glassy and re‐homogenized MI are peraluminous and rhyolitic in composition, with SiO2 = 69 − 80 wt% and Na2O + K2O = 5 − 12 wt%. Commonly, the analysed MI have very high K2O (>6 wt%) and very low Na2O (<2 wt%) contents, indicative for potassic to ultrapotassic melts. Measured H2O contents of the melts range from 2.9 to 8.8 wt%, whereas CO2concentrations are between 160 and 1738 ppm. Accordingly, calculated viscosities for re‐homogenized MI vary between 104and 105 Pa·s. Related primary FI mainly contain CO2, with rare occurrence of CO and N2, and are commonly associated with quartz, as well as different carbonates and phyllosilicates. It is assumed that the source for the carbonic fluid was external and probably related to the degassing lithospheric mantle. Consequently, it is argued that anatexis was initially triggered by incongruent dehydration melting reactions involving biotite breakdown and proceeded in the presence of an externally derived COH‐bearing fluid. The coexistence of COH‐bearing fluid and MI indicates that partial melting occurred under conditions of fluid − melt immiscibility. Potassic to ultrapotassic MI in UHT granulites suggests that lower crustal anatexis may play a significant role in the redistribution of heat‐producing elements (such as K2O), potentially influencing the thermal structure of the continental crust.
Ataxia pancytopenia syndrome due to SAMD9L mutation presenting as demyelinating neuropathy
Authors: Vaughan David , Bogdanova‐Mihaylova Petya , Costello Daniel J. , Sweeney Brian J. , McNamara Brian , Walsh Richard A. , Murphy Sinéad M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAtaxia pancytopenia (ATXPC) syndrome due to gain‐of‐function pathogenic variants in the SAMD9L gene has been described in 38 patients to date. It is characterized by variable neurological and hematological phenotypes including ataxia, pyramidal signs, cytopenias, and hematological malignancies. Peripheral neuropathy with slowing of conduction velocities has been reported in only two affected individuals. We describe a female with childhood onset neuropathy diagnosed as Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease type 1 with onset of cerebellar ataxia in her 50s. Cerebellar, pyramidal, and neuropathic features were found on examination. Additionally, she also had conjunctival telangiectasia. Nerve conduction studies confirmed a demyelinating neuropathy. MRI brain showed cerebellar atrophy with diffuse white matter hyperintensities. OCT demonstrated global thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Full blood count has always been normal. A previously described pathogenic variant in SAMD9L [c.2956C>T p.(Arg986Cys)] was identified on whole exome sequencing. This case extends the previously described phenotype to include conjunctival telangiectasia and RNFL thinning and suggests that ATXPC syndrome should be considered in the differential for inherited demyelinating neuropathies.
Intrauterine transplantation of autologous menstrual blood stem cells increases endometrial thickness and pregnancy potential in patients with refractory intrauterine adhesion
Authors: Ma Hailan , Liu Mengting , Li Yufeng , Wang Wei , Yang Keqin , Lu Lanying , He Mei , Deng Taoran , Li Meiling , Wu Dongcheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThis study was designed to evaluate the effects of intrauterine transplantation of menstrual blood stem cells (MenSCs) on endometrial thickness and pregnancy outcomes in patients with refractory intrauterine adhesion (IUA).MethodsThis study included a group of infertile women (n = 12, age 22–40 years), with refractory IUA. Autologous MenSCs isolated from the women's menstrual blood were expanded in vitro and transplanted into their uteruses, followed by hormone replacement therapy. Transvaginal ultrasound examination was performed to assess the endometrial thickness. Transabdominal ultrasound was conducted to detect pregnancy outcome.ResultsAutologous MenSCs were successfully isolated and expanded from menstrual blood and transplanted into the uterus of each patient. A significant improvement of the endometrial thickness was observed from 3.9 ± 0.9 to 7.5 ± 0.6 mm (P < 0.001). No adverse reaction was observed. The duration of menstruation was increased from 2.4 ± 0.7 to 5.3 ± 0.6 days (P < 0.001). Five out of 12 patients achieved clinical pregnancy and the pregnancy rate was 41.7%.ConclusionsIntrauterine transplantation of autologous MenSCs results in regeneration of endometrium, a prolongation of menstrual duration and an increase rate of pregnancy in patients with refractory IUA.
Brain Morphological Alterations Are Detected in Early‐Stage Parkinson's Disease with MRI Morphometry
Authors: Fu Tong , Klietz Martin , Nösel Patrick , Wegner Florian , Schrader Christoph , Höglinger Günter U. , Dadak Mete , Mahmoudi Nima , Lanfermann Heinrich , Ding Xiao‐Qi 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSETo detect brain morphological alterations in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD) by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) morphometry under radiological diagnostic conditions.METHODST1‐weighted brain images of 18 early PD patients and 18 age‐sex‐matched healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed with free software Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12). Regional cortical thickness (rCTh) in 68 atlas‐defined regions‐of‐interest (ROIs) and subcortical gray matter volume (SGMV) in 14 atlas‐defined ROIs were determined and compared between patients and HCs by paired comparison using both ROI‐wise and voxel‐wise analyses. False‐discovery rate (FDR) was used multiple comparison correction. Possible correlations between brain morphological changes in patients and clinical observations were also analyzed.RESULTSComparing to the HCs, the ROI‐wise analysis revealed rCTh thinning significantly in left medial orbitofrontal (P = .001), by trend (P < .05 but not significant after FDR correction) in four other ROIs located in frontal and temporal lobes, and a volume decreasing trend in left pallidum of the PD patients, while the voxel‐wise analysis revealed one cluster with rCTh thinning trend located between left insula and superior temporal region of the patients. In addition, the patients showed more distinct rCTh thinning in ipsilateral hemisphere and SGMV deceasing trends in contralateral hemisphere in respect of the symptom‐onset body side.CONCLUSIONBrain morphological alterations in early PD patients are evident despite of their inconspicuous findings in standard MRI. Quantitative morphological measurements with CAT12 may be an applicable add‐on tool for clinical diagnosis of early PD. These results have to be verified in future studies with larger patient samples.
Effect of Milling Protocols on Trueness and Precision of Ceramic Crowns
Authors: Al Hamad Khaled Q. , Al‐Rashdan Rama B. , Al‐Rashdan Bashar A. , Baba Nadim Z. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of different milling protocols for different ceramic materials on the trueness and precision of milled ceramic crowns.Materials and MethodsA definitive impression from a patient requiring a ceramic crown was used to fabricate forty glass ceramic crowns (VITABLOCS mark II, Vita Zahnfabrik) milled with wet, hard milling protocol, and 40 zirconia crowns (inCoris TZI, Dentsply, Sirona) milled with dry, soft milling protocol, using a 5‐axis milling machine (inLab MC X5; Dentsply Sirona). Trueness and precision for different crown areas were evaluated with a 3D evaluation software (Geomagic Control X, 3D systems). Statistical analysis was performed between the 2 crown types with independent t‐test, and analysis of variances followed by Bonferroni tests among crown areas for each crown.ResultsAll areas of the glass ceramic crowns had higher trueness than the zirconia crown areas (p < 0.05). Crown areas of each crown type had significantly different trueness values (p < 0.001, F = 175.17 for glass crowns, p < 0.001, F = 35.04 for zirconia crowns). Glass crowns had 3.78 µm precision, while zirconia crowns had 4.12 µm precision, with a precision difference range between the 2 types of crowns from 0.32 µm for the inner surface to 6.5 µm for the marginal surface.ConclusionsType of ceramic material and milling protocol affected trueness of the milled crown, with higher trueness for the hardmilled glass crowns than the soft milled zirconia crowns. Soft milled zirconia crowns were generally overmilled in comparison with the reference design and glass crowns. However, glass crowns exhibited more undermilling in thin and deep areas. The crown area affected trueness, with external areas having better trueness than internal areas. The 5‐axis milling machine had high precision, which was minimally affected by the ceramic type, milling protocol, or crown area.