bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormal body composition is a predictor of adverse outcomes after autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Armenian Saro H. , Iukuridze Aleksi , Teh Jennifer Berano , Mascarenhas Kristen , Herrera Alex , McCune Jeannine S. , Zain Jasmine M. , Mostoufi‐Moab Sogol , McCormack Shana , Slavin Thomas P. , Scott Jessica M. , Jones Lee W. , Sun Can‐Lan , Forman Stephen J. , Wong F. Lennie , Nakamura Ryotaro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe number of patients undergoing autologous haematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is growing, but little is known about the factors that predict adverse outcomes. Low muscle mass and obesity are associated with disability and premature mortality in individuals with non‐malignant diseases and may predict outcomes after autologous HCT.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of 320 patients who underwent autologous HCT for Hodgkin or non‐Hodgkin lymphoma between 2009 and 2014. Sarcopenia {skeletal muscle index male: <43 cm/m2 [body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2] or < 53 cm/m2 [BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2] and female: <41 cm/m2 [regardless of BMI]) and obesity [total abdominal adiposity ≥450.0 cm2 (male), ≥396.4 cm2 (female)] were assessed from single‐slice abdominal pre‐HCT computed tomography images. Length of hospital stay, first unplanned intensive care unit admission, and 30‐day unplanned readmission were evaluated based on body composition using multivariable regression analysis, and mortality was evaluated with Kaplan–Meier analysis and Gray's test.ResultsMedian age at HCT was 53.3 years (range, 18.5 to 78.1 years); 26.3% were sarcopenic and an additional 7.8% were sarcopenic obese pre‐HCT. Sarcopenic obesity was associated with increased risk of prolonged hospitalization [odds ratio (OR) = 3.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3–9.8], intensive care unit admission (OR = 4.7, 95% CI 1.5–16.1), and unplanned readmission after HCT (OR = 13.6, 95% CI 2.5–62.8). Patients who were sarcopenic obese also had the highest mortality risk at 1 year [hazard ratio (HR): 3.9, 95% CI 1.1–11.0] and 5 years (HR: 2.5, 95% CI 1.1–5.5), compared with patients with normal body composition. Sarcopenia alone, but not obesity alone, was associated with an increased risk of these outcomes, albeit with a lower magnitude of risk than in patients who were sarcopenic obese.ConclusionsSarcopenic obesity was an important predictor of outcomes in patients undergoing autologous HCT. These findings could inform targeted prevention strategies in patients at highest risk of complications after HCT.
Leaching of exhausted LNCM cathode batteries in ascorbic acid lixiviant: a green recycling approach, reaction kinetics and process mechanism
Authors: Munir Huma , Srivastava Rajiv Ranjan , Kim Hyunjung , Ilyas Sadia , Khosa Muhammad Kaleem , Yameen Basit 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCritical metals (lithium, cobalt and nickel) used in Li‐ion batteries have been estimated to face a supply crunch by the end of 2020 due to their limited natural reserves and complex metallurgy. A green recycling approach to treat the exhausted batteries may potentially mitigate supply risks of metals and environmental burden of metal toxicity.RESULTSThe maiden application of bio‐producible/degradable ascorbic acid for the leaching of LiNi
xCo
yMn
zO2 (LNCM) cathode batteries was investigated while performing parametric variations. Inhibited leaching at high temperature and long contact time showed the adversity caused by the possible decomposition of ascorbic acid. The low leaching of cobalt as a function of acid concentration indicated the hindrance in dissolution of Co(III) compound. A quantitative leaching of metals (≥96%) could be achieved under the following optimal conditions: agitation speed, 500 rpm; acid concentration, 2.0 mol L−1; temperature, 75 °C; time, 90 min; and pulp density, 6%. The apparent activation energy of metals was calculated to be more than 40 kJ mol−1.CONCLUSIONAscorbic acid could potentially dissolve the cathode material without introducing any additional reducing agent into the system. The leaching kinetics fitted with an empirical model {−ln(1 − x)}2 versus t could reveal that the overall dissolution process follows a chemically controlled mechanism. The present study leads towards sustainable metallurgy using a biodegradable reagent instead of applying harsh and hazardous mineral acids. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Direct monitoring of drug‐induced mechanical response of individual cells by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Bui Van‐Chien , Nguyen Thi‐Huong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMechanical characteristics of individual cells play a vital role in many biological processes and are considered as indicators of the cells’ states. Disturbances including methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (MβCD) and cytochalasin D (cytoD) are known to significantly affect the state of cells, but little is known about the real‐time response of single cells to these drugs in their physiological condition. Here, nanoindentation‐based atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the elasticity of human embryonic kidney cells in the presence and absence of these pharmaceuticals. The results showed that depletion of cholesterol in the plasma membrane with MβCD resulted in cell stiffening whereas depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton by cytoD resulted in cell softening. Using AFM for real‐time measurements, we observed that cells mechanically responded right after these drugs were added. In more detail, the cell´s elasticity suddenly increased with increasing instability upon cholesterol extraction while it is rapidly decreased without changing cellular stability upon depolymerizing actin cytoskeleton. These results demonstrated that actin cytoskeleton and cholesterol contributed differently to the cell mechanical characteristics.
Desmoid tumor mimics local recurrence of extremity sarcoma on MRI
Authors: Sabharwal Samir , Ahlawat Shivani , Levin Adam S. , Meyer Christian F. , Brooks Eugene , Ligon John , Morris Carol D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe development of desmoid fibromatosis after tumor resection may mimic local recurrence. To our knowledge, this phenomenon has not been reported after extremity sarcoma resection. We report four cases of desmoid‐type fibromatosis (“desmoid tumors”) mimicking local recurrence after extremity sarcoma resection.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of patients treated for extremity sarcoma by our orthopedic oncology service from 2014 to 2019 and identified four patients with biopsy‐proven desmoid tumors. We extracted clinical, pathologic, radiographic, and operative data for the primary neoplasms and desmoid tumors.ResultsFour patients with postresection surveillance magnetic resonance imaging suspicious for local recurrence underwent further analysis showing desmoid tumors. Patients underwent image‐guided needle biopsy, with specimens demonstrating fibromatosis‐type histologic characteristics. Two cases were β‐catenin positive. Desmoid tumors were managed with observation. No patient had experienced local or distant recurrence of the primary tumor at a mean follow‐up of 30 months after resection (range, 23‐34 months); none underwent surgery for symptoms of desmoid tumors.ConclusionsDesmoid tumors should be considered part of the differential diagnosis when assessing patients with radiographic concern for postresection local recurrence of extremity bone and soft‐tissue sarcoma. An image‐guided needle biopsy can inform diagnosis and management.
The First Commercial 730 nm Picosecond‐Domain Laser is Safe and Effective for Treating Multicolor Tattoos
Authors: Bernstein Eric F. , Schomacker Kevin T. , Shang Xiaoming , Alessa Dana , Algzlan Haitham , Paranjape Amit 
Published: March 2020

Background and ObjectivesLaser‐pumped lasers enable driving a secondary wavelength through pumping with a primary device. Here we investigate the first 730 nm laser‐pumped laser for efficacy in tattoo removal.Study Design/Materials and MethodsFifteen subjects with 20 tattoos were enrolled to investigate the effect of a new 730 nm, titanium‐sapphire laser‐pumped laser at removing decorative tattoos. A total of four treatments were administered and photographic improvement of pre‐ and post‐treatment cross‐polarized digital images was evaluated by four blinded physician observers using an 11‐point scale.ResultsBlinded assessment of pre‐ and post‐treatment images found 70%, 77%, 83%, 83%, 26%, and 8% clearance from baseline images for black, green, blue, purple, red and yellow pigments, respectively. Side effects were limited to pinpoint bleeding and erythema immediately after treatment and some crusting and scale up to 1–2 weeks following treatment, and a localized allergic reaction in a single subject. There was no scarring or pigmentary alteration visible in any follow‐up images.ConclusionThe new 730 nm, picosecond‐domain, titanium‐sapphire, laser‐pumped laser is safe and effective for removing multicolored tattoos. Green, blue, and purple pigments cleared the most as expected, but black ink cleared more completely than was predicted. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
Ultrasound‐Guided Laser Ablation Versus Microwave Ablation for Patients With Unifocal Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhou Wei , Ni Xiaofeng , Xu Shangyan , Zhang Lu , Chen Yudong , Zhan Weiwei 
Published: March 2020

Background and ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to compare the efficacy and the safety of ultrasound‐guided microwave ablation (MWA) and laser ablation (LA) for the treatment of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).Study Design/Materials and MethodsA total of 67 patients with unifocal PTMC were studied retrospectively, including 33 cases who underwent MWA (MWA group) and 34 cases who received LA (LA group). The follow‐up consisted of thyroid function tests, ultrasonography, contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), and chest X‐ray or computed tomography scan. The treatment response and complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe follow‐up time for the MWA and LA group was 23.3 ± 4.4 and 22.8 ± 4.1 months, respectively. All the ablations were successfully performed as planned without complementary ablations, and it was confirmed by CEUS after treatment in both groups. It was observed that, at the last follow‐up, the mean largest diameter decreased from 5.0 ± 1.4 mm to 0.1 ± 0.4 mm (MWA group) and from 4.5 ± 1.6 mm to 0.6 ± 1.2 mm(LA group) (P < 0.05 for both). The average volume reduced from 51.9 ± 40.8 to 0.2 ± 1.0 mm3 (MWA group) and from 38.5 ± 43.0 to 1.3 ± 3.8 mm3 (LA group) (P < 0.05 for both). The complication rates did not differ between the MWA group (9.1%) and the LA group (2.9%) (P > 0.05). No local recurrence or distant metastasis occurred in either group.ConclusionsDuring the short‐term follow‐up period, ultrasound‐guided MWA and LA were both safe and effective methods in treating patients with unifocal PTMC. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of Pulsed DC Frequency on Capture Efficiency and Spinal Injury of Trout in Small Streams
Authors: Chiaramonte Luciano V. , Meyer Kevin A. , Branigan Philip R. , Reynolds James B. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Electrofishing studies in the 1990s established that higher frequencies of pulsed DC (e.g., 60 Hz) generally result in more spinal injury to fish in comparison with lower pulse frequencies (e.g., 30 Hz). In response to those findings, some agencies adopted low pulse frequency standards to minimize fish injury. However, those earlier studies did not assess whether capture efficiency (CE) was also influenced by pulse frequency. We sampled small trout streams (1–6-m average width; SE = 0.14 m) by backpack electrofishing with settings of 30 and 60 Hz to evaluate the effect of pulse frequency on both CE and spinal injury rates for Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii, Rainbow Trout O. mykiss, and Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis. Duty cycle was held constant at 24% and average power output was held at approximately 100 W. Using a four-pass removal protocol, cumulative CE (all four passes) averaged 0.84 for 30-Hz reaches and 0.94 for 60-Hz reaches. Capture efficiency in pass 1 averaged 0.59 for 30-Hz reaches and 0.75 for 60-Hz reaches and declined with successive passes using both pulse frequencies. X-ray images revealed vertebral compressions and misalignments for 4% of fish captured with 30 Hz (n = 230) and 4% of those captured with 60 Hz (n = 222); no fractured vertebrae were observed. No spinal injuries were observed in control fish that were captured via angling (n = 92). Our results indicate that in small streams where trout are generally less than 300 mm TL, backpack electrofishing with 60 Hz will result in greater CE, improved trout occupancy and abundance estimates, and no increase in spinal injury.
What urologists need to know about ketamine‐induced uropathy: A systematic review
Authors: Castellani Daniele , Pirola Giacomo M. , Gubbiotti Marilena , Rubilotta Emanuele , Gudaru Kalyan , Gregori Andrea , Dellabella Marco 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsKetamine is a general anesthetic. Dissociative effects and low cost led ketamine becoming an illegal recreational drug in young adults. Ketamine‐induced uropathy (KIU) is one of the complications observed in abusers. This study aimed to provide a systematic literature review on KIU clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatments.MethodsWe performed the literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase using the terms ketamine and bladder. English papers on human and animal studies were accepted.ResultsA total of 75 papers were selected. Regular ketamine users complain about severe storage symptoms and pelvic pain. Hydronephrosis may develop in long‐term abusers and is correlated to the contracted bladder, ureteral stenosis, or vesicoureteral reflux due to ureteral involvement and/or bladder fibrosis. Cystoscopy shows ulcerative cystitis. Ketamine in urine might exert direct toxicity to the urothelium, disrupting its barrier function and enhancing cell apoptosis. The presence of ketamine/ions in the bladder wall result in neurogenic/IgE‐mediated inflammation, stimulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase‐cytokines‐cyclooxygenase pathway with persistent inflammation and fibrosis. Abstinence is the first therapeutic step. Anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics and anticholinergics, intravesical instillation of hyaluronic acid, hydrodistension and intravesical injection of botulin toxin‐A were helpful in patients with early‐stage KIU. In patients with end‐stage disease, the control of intractable symptoms and the increase of bladder capacity were the main recommendations to perform augmentation enterocystoplasty.ConclusionsKIU is becoming a worldwide health concern, which should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative cystitis.
Factor productivity and marketed surplus of non‐timber forest products in Similipal forest of Odisha
Authors: Jena Pratap K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe article examined the factor productivity and the marketed surplus of non‐timber forest products (NTFPs) in the Smilipal forest of Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, India by using the econometric models. It is found that more than 90% of households earned their livelihood from NTFPs in the study area, where the women's participation is more than the male in the production/collection of NTFPs. Most of the households are illiterate, working‐age people, and have more than 30 years of experience in the production of NTFPs. The production of NTFPs is highly seasonal and households produce or collect NTFPs during the winter season. Households having more family members produce or collect higher quantities of NTFPs than others. The marked surplus of NTFPs depends on the production or collection of NTFPs as well as the retention amount and wastes. The higher factor productivity indicates the NTFPs are the best source of livelihood in this area.
Antibacterial Ag containing core‐shell polyvinyl alcohol‐poly (lactic acid) nanofibers for biomedical applications
Authors: Maleki Homa , Mathur Sanjay , Klein Axel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCore‐shell‐structured polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐poly (lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers combining the hydrophilic trait of PVA and the biocompatibility of PLA were produced using coaxial electrospinning. This allowed the incorporation of AgNO3 in the PVA core of the distinct fibers as shown through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed relatively uniform and bead‐free fibers with smooth surfaces. Ag‐containing fibers show significantly decreased diameters compared with Ag‐free samples as a result of the increased conductivity of the spinning solutions with increasing amounts of AgNO3. In a postsynthetic treatment, the AgNO3 was reduced forming silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Ag NPs of 45 to 90 nm size were located in the PVA core but also on the surface of the core‐shell fibers and as individual, agglomerated, and polymer‐coated particles of 100‐200 nm. Powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), and UV‐vis absorption spectroscopy confirmed the increasing amounts of Ag in the core‐shell fibers when using increasing amounts of AgNO3 in the spinning solutions. The antibacterial activity of the nanofiber mats against two prokaryotes Escherichia coli (Gram‐negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram‐positive) increased with increasing amounts of Ag, as expected and produces inhibition zones of 1 to 2 mm.
Regional ventilation inhomogeneity in survivors of extremely preterm birth
Authors: Arigliani Michele , Valentini Elena , Stocco Chiara , De Pieri Carlo , Castriotta Luigi , Barbato Vincenzo , Cuberli Elisa , Orsaria Maria , Cattarossi Luigi , Cogo Paola 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionSurvivors of extreme prematurity may have disrupted lung development. We hypothesized that the multiple breath washout (MBW) index Scond, which is intended to reflect ventilation inhomogeneity from the conducting airways, could be a sensitive marker of respiratory impairment in this group.MethodsSpirometry, TLco, and MBW were cross‐sectionally evaluated at 8 to 14 years of age in children born at <28 weeks between 2004 and 2010 in Udine, Italy. Age‐matched controls born at term were also included. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was defined as oxygen‐dependence at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. The limits of normal were the 5th percentile of the reference population (Global Lung Initiative) for spirometry and TLco and the 95th percentile of controls for Lung Clearance Index, Scond, and Sacin from MBW.ResultsResults were obtained in 47 extremely preterm children (53% boys, mean ± standard deviation age 11.3 ± 2.0 years, 40% with BPD) and 60 controls (50% boys, 11.6 ± 1.9 years). There were significant differences between preterm children and controls in all lung function outcomes, except for Sacin. Among children born <28 weeks, Scond tended to be frequently abnormal than FEV1 z‐score (29% vs 14%, P = .06). At multivariable linear regression, in the preterm group, current asthma was significantly associated with a higher Scond (B = 0.019, 95% confidence interval, 0.000‐0.038), whereas BPD was not.ConclusionAlmost a third of extremely preterm children at school age showed Scond alterations that affected also children without BPD. Longitudinal studies should clarify the prognostic meaning of Scond abnormalities in this group.
Selective Dinitramide Removal from Aqueous Solution by Crosslinked PolyDADMAC Gels
Authors: Turhan Hamza , Bicak Niyazi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCrosslinked poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (DADMAC) was demonstrated as selective conjugate for near quantitative adsorption of dinitramide anions from water in a wide pH range (1‐10) and efficient replacement takes place even at 1 : 1 DADMAC/dinitramide molar ratio with short contact time and low concentration. Adsorption was determined to be highly selective over nitrate and sulfate ions. Colorimetric determination of potassium dinitramide based on UV absorption at 284 nm revealed nearly 90 % exchange of chloride counter ions with dinitramide ions under optimum conditions. The effect of gel amount, pH and dinitramide concentration was analyzed. The structural and thermal characteristics of the gel were investigated by FTIR, SEM, DSC, and TGA. In addition, the regeneration and reuse properties of crosslinked polyDADMAC were also assessed.
AdS3 solutions with from S3 × S3 fibrations
Authors: Legramandi Andrea , Macpherson Niall T. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe study warped AdS3 solutions in massive IIA supergravity preserving and supersymmetry. We consider solutions whose internal spaces decompose as an S3 × S3 fibration and a interval over which the rest of the solution is foliated. We present necessary and sufficient conditions for these solutions to exist, in terms of systems of ordinary differential equations and find several new analytic and numerical examples with internal spaces bounded between D‐brane and O‐plane behaviors.
Detection of α‐defensin in synovial fluids by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry as an innovative and cost‐effective assay for improved definition of periprosthetic joint infections
Authors: Petrucca Andrea , Santino Iolanda , Gentile Giovanna , Mazza Daniele , Viglietta Edoardo , Iorio Raffaele , Simmaco Maurizio , Ferretti Andrea , Borro Marina 
Published: March 2020

RationaleDetection of α‐defensins in synovial fluid is gaining more and more interest in the field of correct diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). At present, they can be assessed by a quantitative enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay which is expensive and time‐consuming and by a qualitative lateral flow immunoassay which is rapid but quite expensive and whose clinical sensitivity is debated. Thus, developing an alternative rapid, accurate, and low‐cost assay for α‐defensins is important to make α‐defensins actionable as novel key clinical markers.MethodsSynovial fluid (SF) samples were obtained from 18 patients undergoing revision of primary joint arthroplasty. Of these, eight met the 2013 Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria for PJIs, the remaining were classified as aseptic failure. Microbiological analysis and Synovasure assays were carried out on all samples. Sample preparation and the matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) settings were adjusted to detect human neutrophil peptide (HNP)‐1, ‐2 and ‐3 and to obtain optimal results in term of sensitivity and stability.ResultsMALDI‐TOF MS was able to detect HNPs in SF from septic patients. No signals for HNPs were detected in SF from aseptic failure. The limits of detection (LOD) were 2.5 and 1.25 μg/mL for HNP‐2 and HNP‐1, respectively. The turnaround time of the analysis is 20 min, and SF samples are stable at −20°C for up to 3 days. Assay sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) were 100% for all parameters. On the same SF samples, the Synovasure assay showed lower sensitivity specificity, and PPV and NPV of 87.5%, 90%, 87.5% and 90%, respectively. Microbiological analysis of SF confirmed the presence of bacteria only in SF MSIS‐positive patients.ConclusionsThe reported MALDI‐TOF MS assay was able to detect and differentiate HNPs in SF samples and showed a slightly better diagnostic accuracy than the Synovasure assay.