bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of cohesion 1 homolog 2 facilitates cell aggressive behaviors and induces poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Qiu‐Li , Liu Ling 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsEstablishment of cohesion 1 homolog 2 (ESCO2) has been identified as an essential factor for cohesion in cell cycle in human multiple cancers. Nonetheless, its functional implication on prognosis and cellular behaviors of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rarely elucidated. We performed this study to detect the effects of ESCO2 in RCC progression.MethodsWe accessed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to evaluate the ESCO2 expression levels in tumor tissues, including 32 normal tissues and 289 tumor tissues. Quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blot were implemented for expression detection. After ESCO2 knockdown using siRNAs interference, functional experiments were conducted to explore the role of ESCO2, such as cell proliferation analysis and colony formation assay. Transwell assays for migration and invasion was also performed.ResultsIn this study, ESCO2 was significantly increased in RCC tissues and cell lines. The RCC patients with high expression of ESCO2 were susceptible to unfavorable prognosis, and its expression has a marked association with clinical features containing age, gender, pathologic stage, and so on. Furthermore, knockdown of ESCO2 inhibited cell growth, invasion, and migration. Mechanistically, phosphorylation protein kinase B (AKT) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and p53 were all down‐regulated due to the ESCO2 inhibition.ConclusionsTherefore, our results raised the possibility that ESCO2 may act as a promising option for tumor therapeutic interference by exhibiting enhanced selectivity over conventional chemotherapy.
Effect of Food Intake and Body Position on the Pharmacokinetics of Swallowed APT‐1011, a Fluticasone Orally Disintegrating Tablet, in Healthy Adult Volunteers
Authors: Comer Gail M. , Bush Mark A. , Dellon Evan S. , Marino Mark T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEosinophilic esophagitis is a common atopic disease of the esophagus. APT‐1011 is an orally disintegrating tablet formulation of fluticasone propionate under development for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of APT‐1011 under fed or fasted conditions in the morning (am) or at bedtime (hs) in the supine position. The study was a randomized, single‐dose, 3‐way, crossover design in healthy adult volunteers. In each study period participants received 2 3‐mg orally disintegrating APT‐1011 tablets. Serial plasma samples were collected before dosing and up to 72 hours after each dose. Twenty‐two participants completed the study. The fluticasone propionate peak concentration (Cmax) ranged from 5.97 to 200 pg/mL. Compared with am‐fasted dosing, am‐fed dosing was associated with a modestly higher Cmax (∼21%) but lower net exposure (area under the concentration‐time curve ∼56% difference) and shorter time to reach Cmax (Tmax) (Tmax fasted = 10 hours, fed = 5 hours). Dosing at hs resulted in an 18% and 32% decrease in Cmax relative to am‐fasted and am‐fed conditions, respectively. Dosing at hs led to an exposure that was higher than am‐fed but lower than am‐fasted dosing. Tmax with hs dosing (14 hours) was later than that with am dosing (Tmax fasted = 10 hours, fed = 5 hours). Adverse events were mild. There is low systemic exposure of fluticasone propionate with APT‐1011. The rate of absorption was increased with a high‐fat meal but decreased with hs dosing, suggesting the potential for longer dwell times in the esophagus.
Development of phosphorus sorption capacity‐based environmental indices for tile‐drained systems
Authors: Welikhe Pauline , Brouder Sylvie M. , Volenec Jeffrey J. , Gitau Margaret , Turco Ronald F. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe persistent environmental relevance of phosphorus (P) and P sorption capacity (PSC) on P loss to surface waters has led to proposals for its inclusion in soil fertility and environmental management programs. As fertility and environmental management decisions are made on a routine basis, the use of laborious P sorption isotherms to quantify PSC is not feasible. Alternatively, pedotransfer functions (pedoTFs) estimate PSC from routinely assessed soil chemical properties. Our objective was to examine the possibility of developing a suitable pedoTF for estimating PSC and to evaluate subsequent PSC‐based indices (P saturation ratio [PSR] and soil P storage capacity [SPSC]) using data from an in‐field laboratory where tile drain effluent is monitored daily. Phosphorus sorption capacity was well predicted by a pedoTF derived from soil aluminum and organic matter (R² = .60). Segmented‐line relationships between PSR and soluble P were observed in both desorption assays (R² = .69) and drainflows (R² = .66) with apparent PSR thresholds in close agreement at 0.21 and 0.24, respectively. Negative SPSC values exhibited linear relationships with increasing soluble P concentrations in both desorption assays and drainflows (R² = .52 andR2 = .53 respectively), whereas positive SPSC values were associated with low SP concentrations. Therefore, PSC‐based indices determined using pedoTFs could estimate the potential for subsurface soluble P losses. Also, we determined that both index thresholds coincided with the critical soil‐test P level for agronomic P sufficiency (22 mg kg−1Mehlich‐3 P) suggesting that the agronomic threshold could serve as an environmental P threshold.
Quantum Key Distribution with On‐Chip Dissipative Kerr Soliton
Authors: Wang Fang‐Xiang , Wang Weiqiang , Niu Rui , Wang Xinyu , Zou Chang‐Ling , Dong Chun‐Hua , Little Brent E. , Chu Sai T. , Liu Hang , Hao Penglei , Liu Shufeng , Wang Shuang , Yin Zhen‐Qiang , He De‐Yong , Zhang Wenfu , Zhao Wei , Han Zheng‐Fu , Guo Guang‐Can , Chen Wei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractQuantum key distribution (QKD) can distribute symmetric key bits between remote legitimate users with the guarantee of quantum mechanics principles. For practical applications, there is increasing attention to integrating the source, detectors, and modulators on a photonic chip. Here, the Kerr dissipative soliton is introduced in a microresonator as the light source for GHz QKD systems, and the proof‐of‐principle experiment demonstrates the parallel QKD can be achieved using coherent comb lines from the soliton. The performance of parallel QKD is also verified by using the off‐the‐shelf wavelength division modules and the on‐chip soliton source. Since the on‐chip soliton can provide hundreds of carriers covering the C and L bands, the results exhibit the feasibility to achieve ultra‐high rate secure key bits through massively parallel QKD, especially when incorporated with the thriving photonic integrated circuit technology.
Corrosion behaviors of the UNS N10003 alloy in Fenton's reagent
Authors: Zhou Yuying , Yin Huiqin , Wang Xueliang , Cao Mingpeng , Yang Xu , Wu Yanping , Wu Boheng , Yan Long 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of the UNS N10003 alloy in Fenton's reagent was investigated at room temperature for 600 hr by the static immersion method. The results showed that the alloy suffered obvious pitting corrosion. The lattice parameter of this alloy has a slight decrease after corrosion. This is mainly attributed to the depletion of Mo‐rich carbides dissolving into solution caused by the hydroxyl radical with strong oxidization, which is very different from the result of the UNS N10003 alloy under the molten salt condition. The results provide an insight into the corrosion of the alloy under hydroxyl radical conditions (i.e., Fenton's reagent), and will offer a realistic instruction in related fields.
Electrical Properties of Magnetoactive Boron‐Organo‐Silicon Oxide Polymers
Authors: Monkman Gareth J. , Striegl Birgit , Prem Nina , Sindersberger Dirk 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe electrical properties of rheopectic magnetoactive composites comprising boron‐organo‐silicon oxide dielectric matrices containing carbonyl iron microparticles are presented for the first time. The increase in interfacial magnetocapacitance is seen to greatly exceed that experienced when using conventional elastomeric matrices such as polydimethylsiloxane. In addition to the increase in capacitance, a simultaneous and sharp decrease in the parallel electrical resistance over several orders of magnitude is also observed. The effects are time dependent but repeatable. Potential applications include magnetically controlled frequency dependent devices, magnetic sensor systems, weighting elements for neural networks, etc.
Seeking attention versus seeking approval: How conspicuous consumption differs between grandiose and vulnerable narcissists
Authors: Neave Lydia , Tzemou Effy , Fastoso Fernando 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNarcissism, a personality trait characterized by entitlement and conceit, is increasingly prevalent in society. Two subtypes of narcissism exist: grandiose narcissism (characterized by arrogance and dominance) and vulnerable narcissism (characterized by social insecurity and overreliance on others’ feedback). We posit that both narcissistic subtypes will engage in ostentatious, showy purchases, that is, conspicuous consumption. Since the two subtypes differ so profoundly in their self‐esteem regulation strategies, we further posit that their motivations to consume conspicuously may vary. Specifically, we hypothesize that grandiose narcissists’ conspicuous consumption will be driven by their need‐for‐uniqueness, whilst that of vulnerable narcissists by their need to avoid social disapproval. We test our hypotheses using data obtained from 382 participants. Our results support our expectations that both narcissism subtypes predict conspicuous consumption and that the relationship between grandiose narcissism and conspicuous consumption is mediated by their need‐for‐uniqueness. Meanwhile, we find that approval‐seeking (AS) is only a marginally significant mediator of vulnerable narcissism and conspicuous consumption in females. We discuss theoretical and managerial implications.
Genomic integration of unclonable gene expression cassettes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using rapid cloning‐free workflows
Authors: Cataldo Vicente F. , Salgado Valeria , Saa Pedro A. , Agosin Eduardo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMost DNA assembly methods require bacterial amplification steps, which restrict its application to genes that can be cloned in the bacterial host without significant toxic effects. However, genes that cannot be cloned in bacteria do not necessarily exert toxic effects on the final host. In order to tackle this issue, we adapted two DNA assembly workflows for rapid, cloning‐free construction and genomic integration of expression cassettes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. One method is based on a modified Gibson assembly, while the other relies on a direct assembly and integration of linear PCR products by yeast homologous recombination. The methods require few simple experimental steps, and their performance was evaluated for the assembly and integration of unclonable zeaxanthin epoxidase expression cassettes in yeast. Results showed that up to 95% integration efficiency can be reached with minimal experimental effort. The presented workflows can be employed as rapid gene integration tools for yeast, especially tailored for integrating unclonable genes.
Exosomes secreted by prostate cancer cells under hypoxia promote matrix metalloproteinases activity at pre‐metastatic niches
Authors: Deep Gagan , Jain Anil , Kumar Ashish , Agarwal Chapla , Kim Susy , Leevy W. Matthew , Agarwal Rajesh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractApproximately, 30 000 men die from prostate cancer (PCa) every year in the United States, mainly due to the metastasis. Thus, the key events associated with PCa metastasis are under rigorous investigation, with recent studies showing that preparation of pre‐metastatic niches (PMN) in distant organs is an important step. However, the molecular basis for PMN preparation is still unclear. Hypoxia in primary tumors promotes aggressiveness; however, its precise role in metastasis is not clear. We recently reported that exosomes secreted by PCa cells under hypoxia promote stemness and invasiveness in naïve PCa cells; however, whether these extracellular vesicles also influence PMN remains unknown. In the present study, we isolated exosomes from human PCa PC3 cells under normoxic (21% O2, exosomes secreted under normoxic condition [ExoNormoxic]) and hypoxic (1% O2, exosomes secreted under hypoxic condition [ExoHypoxic]) conditions, and characterized their effect (10 µg exosomes, intraperitoneal (IP) treatment every 48 hours for 4 weeks) on key biomarkers associated with PMN in nude mice. Whole animal fluorescence imaging showed that ExoHypoxic treatment promotes matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity in several putative metastatic sites. Histological studies confirmed that ExoHypoxic treatment enhanced the level of MMP2, MMP9, and extracellular matrix proteins (fibronectin and collagen) as well as increased the number of CD11b+ cells at selective PMN sites. Furthermore, proteomic profiling of exosomes by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry identified cargo proteins in ExoNormoxic and ExoHypoxic as well as distinct canonical pathways targeted by them. These results suggest that exosomes secreted by PCa cells under hypoxia plausibly remodel distant PMN, and thus, could be a potential target to control metastatic PCa.
Proteomic Atomics Reveals a Distinctive Uracil‐5‐Methyltransferase
Authors: Pramanik Subrata , Thaker Manisha , Perumal Ananda Gopu , Ekambaram Rajasekaran , Poondla Naresh , Schmidt Markus , Kim Pok‐Son , Kutzner Arne , Heese Klaus 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCarbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), and sulfur (S) atoms intrigue as they are the foundation for amino acid (AA) composition and the folding and functions of proteins and thus define and control the survival of a cell, the smallest unit of life. Here, we calculated the proteomic atom distribution in >1500 randomly selected species across the entire current phylogenetic tree and identified uracil‐5‐methyltransferase (U5MTase) of the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum (Pf, strain Pf3D7), with a distinct atom and AA distribution pattern. We determined its apicoplast location and in silico 3D protein structure to refocus attention exclusively on U5MTase with tremendous potential for therapeutic intervention in malaria. Around 300 million clinical cases of malaria occur each year in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, resulting in over one million deaths annually, placing malaria among the most serious infectious diseases. Genomic and proteomic research of the clades of parasites containing Pf is progressing slowly and the functions of most of the ∼5300 genes are still unknown. We applied a ‘bottom‐up’ comparative proteomic atomics analysis across the phylogenetic tree to visualize a protein molecule on its actual basis – i. e., its atomic level. We identified a protruding Pf3D7‐specific U5MTase, determined its 3D protein structure, and identified potential inhibitory drug molecules through in silico drug screening that might serve as possible remedies for the treatment of malaria. Besides, this atomic‐based proteome map provides a unique approach for the identification of parasite‐specific proteins that could be considered as novel therapeutic targets.
Measurement of the hydrodynamic radii of PEE‐G dendrons by diffusion spectroscopy on a benchtop NMR spectrometer
Authors: McCarney Evan R. , Breaux Carol J. , Rendle Phillip M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBenchtop nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a useful tool for the rapid determination of the self‐diffusion coefficient and the hydrodynamic radius of dendrons. The self‐diffusion coefficients of the first four generations of poly ethoxy ethyl glycinamide (PEE‐G) dendrons are measured by diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) on a benchtop NMR equipped with diffusion gradient coils. The hydrodynamic radii of the dendrons are calculated via the Stokes–Einstein equation. The effects of solvent and pH are determined with the hydrodynamic radius increasing with generation and decreasing upon neutralization of an acidic solution. These measurements provide valuable information for biological and pharmaceutical applications of dendrons.
A method for extending a general constitutive model to consider the electro‐chemo‐mechanical phenomena of mineral crystals in expansive soils
Authors: Kyokawa Hiroyuki , Ohno Shintaro , Kobayashi Ichizou 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe mechanical behavior of expansive soils varies according to the chemical composition of the pore fluid. It is well known that electrochemical phenomena on the surface of clay mineral crystals considerably affect their macrostructural behavior. In particular, a change in the pore fluid composition causes osmotic consolidation or swelling. In this study, a model is constructed to describe the characteristic behavior of expansive soils by coupling the interlaminar behavior of clay mineral crystals and the soil skeleton behavior. The interlaminar behavior is derived from the electro‐chemo‐mechanical coupling equilibrium of mineral crystals, and the soil skeleton behavior is given by a general elastoplastic constitutive model for soils. This modeling approach extends a general model to consider the electro‐chemo‐mechanical phenomena of mineral crystals. Oedometer tests with the replacement of the cell fluid and the swelling pressure and deformation tests on expansive clays are simulated with the proposed model. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can reasonably represent the typical behavior of expansive soils.
Consensus document on the multidisciplinary management of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Medina‐Polo José , Adot José María , Allué Marta , Arlandis Salvador , Blasco Pedro , Casanova Bonaventura , Matías‐Guiu Jorge , Madurga Blanca , Meza‐Murillo Edwin‐Roger , Müller‐Arteaga Carlos , Rodríguez‐Acevedo Breogán , Vara Jesús , Zubiaur María Carmen , López‐Fando Luis 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimNeurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) is very common in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to avoid irreversible damage and improve quality of life. Our aim was to develop recommendations to improve NLUTD identification in MS patients, along with their referral and management.MethodsA multidisciplinary group of 14 experts in the management of patients with MS and NLUTD (nine urologists, three neurologists, and two rehabilitators) was selected. A comprehensive review of the literature was undertaken and a set of recommendations was generated and submitted to a Delphi panel of 114 experts. Recommendations were presented according to the grade of agreement (GA).ResultsEarly diagnosis in asymptomatic patients with risk factors for complications is recommended (GA 94%). Postvoid residual volume should be measured if changes in urinary symptoms (GA 87%), preferably ultrasound‐guided (GA 86%). Early referral to urologist is recommended if urinary incontinence (GA 91%), significant post‐void residual volume (94%), quality of life impairment (GA 98%) and recurrent urinary infections (GA 97%). The initial evaluation should include physical examination (GA 99%) and urodynamics including cystometry (GA 89%), pressure‐flow study (90%) and electromyography (GA 70%). The panel recommends multidisciplinary collaboration (GA 100%) with a rehabilitation specialist and trained nurses in the management of NLUTD (GA 99%).ConclusionsMultidisciplinary management for patients with NLUTD due to MS is advised, including urologists, neurologists, rehabilitation, and nurses. Panel recommends early diagnosis with post‐void residual volume in symptomatic patients before referring to urologist and urodynamics when referred.
Case of pulp stones and dental wear in a Mesolithic (5900 ± 100 BC) individual from Woźna Wieś (Poland)
Authors: Tomczyk Jacek , Myszka Anna , Regulski Piotr , Olczak‐Kowalczyk Dorota 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe present study will focus on the analysis of pulp stones and dental wear of an adult (26–30 years old) individual from Woźna Wieś, dated from the Mesolithic period (5900 ± 100 BC). The dental material included 14 permanent teeth. Cone beam computed tomography was used in the identification of pulp stones. Pulp stones were classified by location and volume. The scores for mechanical dental wear were based on the scales proposed by Smith and Scott.The anterior teeth showed an advanced stage of mechanical dental wear. The first molars exhibit higher wear scores than the second and third molars. The pulp stones were diagnosed in 10 teeth (10/14, 71%). Generally, these calcified structures were found in the pulp chamber (10/14, 71%). The relationship between the stages of dental wear and the presence of pulp stones turned out to be statistically significant (p = .012). The correlation coefficients between tooth wear and pulp stones in the pulp chambers and root canals were .434 and .327, respectively. The pulp stones occur most frequently on the teeth with advanced dental wear. However, we also cannot rule out the dietary factor. It can be supposed that this individual's diet did not lack products with high calcium content.
Benefits of Home‐Based Respiratory Muscle Training from the Perspectives of Individuals Who Had a Stroke: Qualitative Study
Authors: de Menezes Kênia Kiefer Parreiras , Nascimento Lucas Rodrigues , Avelino Patrick Roberto , Teixeira‐Salmela Luci Fuscaldi 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundAlthough the significance of respiratory muscle training has been established in the literature, there is a need to understand the participantsʼ perceptions of the benefits of this intervention.ObjectiveTo understand how individuals who had a stroke perceive changes in their body functions and structures, activities, and participation after a high‐intensity respiratory muscle training intervention and to understand their perceptions of the benefits and limitations of a home‐based intervention.DesignQualitative study.SettingCommunity‐dwelling patients.PatientsFifteen individuals who had a stroke.MethodsFor this qualitative study, interviews were conducted using a semistructured questionnaire about topics related to participation in a home‐based respiratory muscle training intervention. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic content analysis.ResultsFifteen participants were interviewed. Most of the participants reported positive perceptions of body functions and structures, grouped into two thematic categories (breathing and speech); activity, also grouped into two thematic categories (walking and domestic activities); and participation, grouped into one thematic category (community‐leisure activities). Answers about the benefits of a home‐based intervention were grouped into three thematic categories (no need to leave home, commitment to training, and comfort). All participants reported that they would recommend the intervention to other stroke patients and that they were either satisfied or very satisfied with the intervention. Most (80%) participants did not consider the intervention difficult to perform.ConclusionIndividuals who had experienced a stroke perceived the benefits of high‐intensity home‐based respiratory muscle training in all components of function.