bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological and agrochemical assessment of the effect of fertilizers on the behavior of cadmium and lead in soil
Authors: Morozova T S , Geltukhina V I , Manokhina L A , Kolesnichenko E Y 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the southwestern part of the Central Chernozem Region, mineral fertilizers enhance the mineralization of organic matter. The introduction of manure contributed to an increase in the content of humus in the soil. The maximum humus content in the soil - 5.23% was noted in the variant with aftereffect of 80 t/ha of manure. Between 2013 and 2019, the application of mineral fertilizers led to acidification of the soil solution. The effect of manure at a dose of 40 t/ha and the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N90P60К60 against the aftereffect of 80 t/ha of manure has a positive effect on the reaction of the soil environment, the absolute pHKCL increases to 5.88 units and 5.84 units respectively, which corresponds to a neutral soil reaction. Regular application of mineral and organic fertilizers and their joint application change the content of active forms of cadmium in the soil. The systematic application of mineral fertilizers, organic fertilizers and the application of mineral fertilizers against the manure aftereffect leads to an increase in active forms of cadmium in the soil and, therefore, can have a negative impact on the agroecological state of the soil. The use of fertilizers in different doses did not significantly affect the change in the content of gross forms of cadmium, however, its slight increase was observed in all cases, its content in the soil was 0.38-0.14 mg/kg lower than the UEC. The highest content of gross forms of cadmium was noted on variants with the introduction of mineral fertilizers against the aftereffect of manure. The mobility coefficient of cadmium from 2013 to 2019 changed upwards in the variants with the introduction of mineral fertilizers, aftereffect of manure and the introduction of mineral fertilizers against the aftereffect of 40 t/ha of manure. The introduction of mineral fertilizers against a background of 80 t / ha of manure led to a decrease in the cadmium mobility coefficient.
The effect of natural salt of various concentrations on the chernozem chemical properties
Authors: Kurachenko N L , Ulyanova O A , Vlasenko O A , Casanova E Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the laboratory experiment, the effect of natural salt with herbicidal activity on the chemical properties of the soil is evaluated. To study the mechanism of action of natural salt with a concentration of 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20% on the plant-soil system and the change in chemical state, untreated natural brines of the Troitsk deposit in the Krasnoyarsk Territory were used. Studies have found that the use of natural salt as a herbicide determined alkalinization of the soil by 0.2-0.7 units pH while maintaining a neutral reaction of the soil solution, increasing the amount of exchange bases by 1.0 mmol / 100g, changing the composition of the aqueous extract. The maximum amount of toxic salts with a predominance of NaCl in the aqueous extract was found in the case of a 5% concentration of natural salt. A salt concentration of 5 and 10% determined strong salinization of the soil, 15 and 20% - strong. The concentration of natural salt of 5% and above determined the possibility of further soil alkalinization.
Perspectives of the use of bacteriophages in agriculture, food and processing industries
Authors: Smirnov D D , Kapustin A V , Yakimova E A , Savinov V A , Laishevtsev A I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The need to reduce excessive, and often not rational, use of antibiotics in bacteriosis treatment and prevention is acknowledged unanimously by representatives of medicine and veterinary medicine. One of the most important tasks for relevant research and productive organizations is finding the alternative treatments for bacterial infections in view of the growing trend of the increasing of antibiotic resistance. Against this background, limiting the use of antibiotics and developing new antibacterial agents is a priority. This review reflects the current view of specialized departments, government and public structures, business community on the field of application of antibacterial agents, including on the basis of bacteriophages. The work explains the feasibility of minimizing and rationalizing the use of antibiotics. There is also described the history of the researches about bacteriophages, their properties, peculiarities of application and examples of the use of bacteriophages in medicine and veterinary medicine, as well as in food and processing industries. Bacteriophages are a complete antibacterial agent which can be used not only in the direction of treatment and prevention of infectious diseases, but also in the field of biodesinfection, biodecontamination and bioconservation.
Assessment of biological productivity of modal spruce forests in the taiga zone based on modeling the growth of stands
Authors: Sul’tson S M , Mikhaylov P V , Verkhovets S V , Goroshko A A , Kulakov S S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article provides information on the biological productivity of spruce stands of the Siberian green-moss group of forest types in the taiga zone (Southern ecoregions), which reflects the dynamics of the phytomass fractional composition and the carbon stock in them. The normative reference tables are developed on the basis of mathematical modeling of growth processes in combination with the conversion-volume method for determining the volume of phytomass and its fractional composition based on deposited carbon. Tables of biological productivity of spruce forests in the taiga zone are proposed, which give a quantitative characteristic of the age dynamics of changes in phytomass and the carbon contained in it. The range of phytomass changes in stands of spruce of the green-moss group of forest types over the entire age range in the conditions of the III bonitet class is from 11 to 166.5 t m−3, for the IV bonitet class is from 8.6 to 142.5 t m−3. Carbon pools in quantitative equivalent in spruce forests of the III bonitet class concentrate from 4.0 to 72.5 tC·ha−1, for conditions of the IV bonitet class is from 5.6 to 60.8 tC·ha−1. The obtained results complement the existing database on the biological productivity of taiga forests and can be used in the organization of forest monitoring, implementation of environmental programs at the regional level, including calculations of the carbon cycle.
Differences in the spring wheat varieties response to herbicide as a stressor
Authors: Zlotnikova O V , Batanina E V , Romanova O V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
When assessing the sensitivity level, some difference was found, probably genetically determined, in the response of plants of different varieties to the herbicide as a stress factor. One of the analyzed varieties shows a decrease in growth rate of axial organs against the background of lower mitotic activity of apical meristem and increased frequency of cell division abnormalities associated with increased herbicide dosage. In another variety, there were no significant dependencies in growth and development with this factor. The most sensitive was the average total length of the seedling roots. In a more sensitive variety, in the absence of a stressor, its level of variability was initially lower and increased at a double dose of herbicide. In the same variety, there was less connectivity of the parameters studied, which, however, increased with the action of the stress factor.
The study of the effect of carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral concentrate lizunets solevit on the health of milk cows
Authors: Hairullin D D , Shakirov Sh K , Zinnatov F F , Nurgaliev F M , Medethanov F A , Smolentsev S Yu , Ovsyannikov A P , Gilemkhanov M I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In modern conditions of the keeping farm animals, namely cows, it is necessary to include an appropriate amount of vitamins and mineral substances into their dict. Compared to other herbivores, cattle need a large amount of feed per unit weight, which makes it less profitable. Therefore, the diet should cover energy costs, vitamin and mineral necessary, since the lack of minerals in animals’ organisms causes severe health problems and a sharp decline in productivity. Because of this reason we have studied the effect of carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral concentrate “Lizunets Solevit” on dairy cows. On the basis of the conducted study, it was established that the palatability of feeds by experimental animals for the period of the experiment amounted was: 92.3% for the first control group; and - 95.1% for the second experimental group that was higher than that in the control group by 2.9%. Introduction carbohydrate-vitamin-mineral concentrate “Lizunets Solevit” to the diet contributes to the better digestion of nutrients and assimilation of minerals substances, which is confirmed by the fact that hematological and biochemical parameters were within the physiological norm. It also contributes to the increase in milk amount of cows by 10.4% and allows to get economic efficiency from a cow equal to 4,7 RUB for 1 RUB additional costs.
Natural antimicrobials for preservation of salty fern
Authors: Khizhnyak S V , Demidenko G A , Tipsina N N , Strupan E A , Muchkina E Ya 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Prunus padus, Ribes nigrum, Armoracia rusticana, Anethum graveolens, Allium cepa and Vaccinium vitis-idaea were tested as natural antimicrobials against extremely halophilic archaea causing spoilage of salty fern. Leaves of Prunus padus and Anethum graveolens had no effect on the growth rate of halophilic archaea a. Leaves of Ribes nigrum statistically significantly stimulated growth of halophilic archaea. Leaves and roots of Armoracia rusticana demonstrated only a temporary antimicrobial effect which continued for less than 60 hours. Peel of Allium cepa and leaves of Vaccinium vitis-idaea demonstrated permanent inhibition of growth of halophilic archaea. Long-time experiment showed that both peel of Allium cepa (5.1 g per 1 kg of salty fern) and leaves of Vaccinium vitis-idaea (13.2 g of fresh leaves or 6.6 g of dry leaves per 1 kg of salty fern) totally prevent spoilage of salty fern.
Weeds biological control technique
Authors: Bekuzarova S A , Khanieva I M , Lushchenko G V , Mamiev D M , Tedeeva A A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the results of a study on an environmentally friendly and safe technique aimed at reducing weeds on experimental agricultural lands. The technique consists in sowing a crop with high allelopathic properties: in the steam field, the winter false flax was sown in a mixture with annual clover shabdar in a ratio of 2:1, and in the phase of flowering the above-ground mass of both crops was mown and ploughed as a siderat. In another experiment, amaranth, which has high competitiveness, was sown in rows on corn sown in broad rows. A few days before sowing corn stimulated the growth of weeds with mineral fertilizers ammonium nitrate. After the appearance of weeds, a mixture of a half dose of the herbicide and Nikfan biological product was introduced. Upon reaching the developmental phase of corn of 5-6 leaves, amaranth in the aisles was ploughed as a siderat. Used in crop rotation crops, winter false flax, panicled amaranth, have a high allelopathic feature, reducing the number of weeds. As a result of the studies revealed a significant reduction in weeds. This technology of weed control significantly reduces the cost of weed control and creates favourable conditions for obtaining quality products.
The use of inbreeding in dairy cattle breeding
Authors: Gorelik O V , Likhodeevskaya E , Zezin N N , Sevostyanov M Ya , Leshonok O I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In cattle breeding during breeding season, great importance is attached to the selection of male and female pairs. The purpose of the work is to assess the effect of inbreeding on the milk production of cows of different genotypes. It was found that the main number of animals in the herd was obtained using remote inbreeding, which is 83.8%. The use of related mating led to a decrease in the age of the first calving by 0.3 months, a lactation period by 0.4, and a slight increase in milk yield by 78 kg with a decrease in the mass fraction of fat by 0.01% and protein by 0.02%, relative to outbred cows. A significant change in the productive longevity of animals obtained by outbred breeding and the use of a moderate level of inbreeding (P≤0.05) was noted. The effect of blood on Holstein breed on the productive qualities of cows was also established. An increase in blood level to 75-91% led to an increase in milk yield and qualitative indicators of productivity. Thus, the average milk yield in the group increased by 566 kg or 9.4%, while increasing the mass fraction of fat by 0.04% and protein by 0.04%. The best indicators of productivity within the genotype groups were established with a remote level of inbreeding and a genotype of Holstein breed 91-97% blood. In the future, when developing a breeding plan, it is necessary to take into account the fact that the best quality indicators of productivity, namely the mass fraction of fat and the mass fraction of protein are higher in cows with a genotype from 76 to 91% and a moderate level of inbreeding - 3.97% and 3.08%.
Betulin nanosuspension as a promising raw material for the production of long-term storage bread
Authors: Zavorokhina Natalia V , Pankratieva Natalia A , Goncharova Nadezhda A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The gist of this article boils down to the betulin nanosuspension as a promising raw material for the production of long-term storage bread. The methodology for obtaining stable finely dispersed nanosuspension of betulin, including its transfer to a water-soluble state, the introduction of emulsifiers that increase the sedimentation stability of the suspension is scientifically substantiated. The stability and possible shelf life of betulin nanosuspensions were investigated. It is proved that the introduction of betulin nanosuspension with emulsifiers of various nature improves the structural and mechanical characteristics of wheat flour bread. Betulin nanosuspension has been proven to inhibit potato bread disease and increase the shelf life of wheat flour. The bread sample using nanosuspension of betulin with lecithin emulsifier possessed optimal characteristics. According to the analysis of the dynamics of storage of bread from wheat flour with betulin nanosuspension, a shelf life of 7 days was determined.
Dynamics of oil content and fatty acids composition variation in soybean cultivars of domestic breeding
Authors: Churakov A A , Smol’nikova Ya V , Stutko O V , Tarnopol’skaya V V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the study of vegetative characteristics and chemical composition of soybean cultivars of domestic breeding. The data on yield, protein content, oil content and fatty acids composition of cultivars studied are presented. The conformity of lower oil content in seeds with higher level of protein accumulation is established. Some minor cultivar-dependent fluctuations in the fatty acids ratio along with harvest year dependence have been observed. The greatest fluctuations have been observed in the concentrations of oleic and linoleic acids. The data obtained indicate the presence of cultivar-dependent variations in the fatty acids composition of the oils studied due to genotypic features. However, despite the variations, the cultivars studied demonstrate stability of fatty acids composition and are recommended for further breeding.
Development of energy bars formulae for athletes, based on the essential nutrients balance
Authors: Prisukhina N V , Ermosh L G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This work is devoted to creating formulae for energy bars for sports nutrition, based on the maximum balance in the ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. To create the bars, only natural, nutritionally rich ingredients were used. Forecasting of the nutritional value of formulae various options for and their further evaluation by quality indicators, made it possible to obtain the optimal ratio of components corresponding to high nutritional and energy values and consumer activity.
Use of powder Helianthus tuberosus L. in the production of frozen bread
Authors: Ermosh L G , Prisukhina N V , Nepomnyashchikh E N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the results of studies on the use of powder from Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Helianthus tuberosus L.) as a baking additive in the production of frozen bread. Powder from Jerusalem artichoke tubers has a high nutritional value, primarily in terms of inulin content. In addition, a complex of proteins, vitamins, inulin and dietary fiber powder acts as a stabilizer of frozen yeast dough. The paper presents experimental data on the quality of wheat-rye bread baked from frozen dough pieces of long-time, low-temperature storage.
Influence of biologics on the growth and productivity of tomato plants
Authors: Trifonova T M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
For the first time in the conditions of the Khabarovsk Territory, the possibility of using growth– and immunostimulators at different stages of tomato culture development has been confirmed. The energy of germination of seeds of the Basilisk Tooth variety under the influence of biologics Aqua energen and Baikal humate increased by 23%, for seeds of the De Barao Red variety in the variant of the experiment with Baikal humate-by 28%. In comparison with the control, an increase in the leaf surface area from 8.92% to 296.46% was noted. We also found an increase in the yield of the studied crop by 11.5% in the variant of the experiment with tomato seeds of the De Barao Red variety treated with Aqua energen.
Adaptation problems of the food market to modern conditions
Authors: Nezamova O A , Olentsova J A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Issues of providing its population with food are relevant for any state and in any time period. But the situation in the markets is very volatile, because it is influenced by many factors, and therefore it is important to correctly adapt the market to changing market conditions. At present, the situation in the markets in general, and in the food market in particular, is changing very quickly and significantly, so it is necessary to consider adaptation mechanisms for market subjects. Since the food market, in our opinion, is a system of relationships between such entities as producers, consumers of food, government agencies, foreign countries for production, handling, processing, storage, ensuring import supplies and expert operations, providing the population with food in accordance with accepted medical standards, then adaptation measures should be aimed at these groups of subjects. Since the 1990s, there has been a trend of declining food production in our country. The market has been largely filled with imported food, which has gradually led to dependence on foreign producers. Due to the fall in the level of income of the population, and consequently, the demand of the population, it is necessary to prevent a decrease in the provision of food for people. It should also be considered that it is difficult for Russian producers of agricultural products to compete with foreign ones, since their subsidies are much lower. At the moment the problem of insufficient development of the food market infrastructure and weak application of modern marketing technologies also negatively affects.
Research of the enzyme preparation «Fungamyl Super BR» effect on technological properties of wheat flour of the first grade and the quality of bread
Authors: Kharina M V , Yamashev T A , Petukhova E V , Krynitskaya A Yu , Kanarskaya Z A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The influence of the «Fungamyl Super BR» (glucose oxidase and alpha-amylase, Aspergillus niger) on the of light wheat flour baking merits was determined. The using of «Fungamyl Super BR» promoted to the amplification of crumb vesiculation by 3.5%, and bread yield by 12.0% towards to the test specimen, due to the effect of alpha-amylase on the fermentation and impact of glucose oxidase on the gluten. Organoleptic performance of manufactured object obtained with «Fungamyl Super BR» differed from the test specimen with a brighter colour (higher amount of amino acids and reducing sugars in a dough). However, when the addition of 0.05% «Fungamyl Super BR» redounded to wetted hand feel soft part of bread, which can be explained with the derivation of dextrins entailed by alpha-amylase.
Safety and quality assessment of cheeses with mold
Authors: Dolganova S G , Budaeva A B , Khundanova T L , Gomboeva O A , Tsybikzhapov A D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In many Russian regions, increased cheese production has allowed to satisfy the population needs. Cheeses made with the participation of mold fungi are very popular. In violation of technological regimes, sanitary - hygienic conditions of production, storage, various types of cheese defects arise. The aim of this work is to assess the quality and safety of cheeses with mold according to physicochemical and microbiological indicators. Six samples of mold cheese from various manufacturers were examined according to standard methods. The mass fraction of moisture and active acidity in the investigated samples of cheese with mold were within the specified values in the regulatory documentation. Mass fraction of fat in terms of dry substance in two samples below the stated. In terms of quality and safety, among the six samples of cheese with mold, been sold in the Irkutsk distribution network, were detected Escherichia coli Bacteria and Listeria groups, therefore all do not correspond the requirements. We believe that it is necessary to include in-state standard 32263-2013 requirements for organoleptic and physicochemical indicators for cheeses with the development of molds. The pH limits for such cheeses are set from 4.0 to 7.0, since this indicator, in general, is involved in the formation of the quality and safety of this product.
Influence of rate of flow of working fluid on efficiency of application of herbicides in winter wheat
Authors: Glazunova N N , Bezgina J A , Maznitsyna L V , Shipulya A N , Volosova E V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The greening factor in the application of herbicides is the targeted use of herbicides, and increasing productivity, generally by reducing the rate of flow of the working fluid. The aim of our study was to assess the influence of the rate of flow of the working fluid and size of nozzles on the efficiency of herbicides in winter wheat. The studies were conducted in 2019 at the experimental station of the State budgetary educational institution “Stavropol state agrarian University”. In winter wheat studies were conducted on cultivar Tanya, the forecrop - sunflower. We studied the biological efficiency of the experimental tank mixture of herbicides c compared with the tank mixture of herbicides used at the experimental station. The results showed that the decrease in consumption rate of working solution to 50-100 l/ha and use nozzles caliber ST 110-01 and ST 110-02 has a negative effect: firstly on the expression of herbicidal activity, which leads to the increase of the period of oppression and destruction, as the cereals and dicotyledonous weeds; secondly on the species sensitivity of weeds reducing it from 2 to 7 %; third on the biological efficiency of herbicides, reducing it by 2-3% in the number of destroyed weeds and up to 6% on their biological ground.