bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Freight
Authors: Cothran Boyd , Shubert Adrian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The 1860s were a period of dramatic change both for the Edwin Fox and for the world. Steam-powered shipping was coming into its own as a truly globalizing force just in time to take full advantage of physical improvements to the world’s transportation infrastructure, chief among them the Suez Canal. At the same time, vital political agreements such as the Cobden–Chevalier Treaty deepened and solidified relations between Britain and its most important political and economic allies, setting the stage for the next forty years of increasing interconnectivity. This chapter explores this emerging world of steam-power of free trade by investigating the various commodities the ship carried including cotton, coffee, tea, and many others. It discusses how traditional wind-powered vessels such as the Edwin Fox had to adapt to this changing economic reality by changing their customary practices, their routes, and usual ports of call, and even their rigging.
Museum Ship
Authors: Cothran Boyd , Shubert Adrian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the story of the Edwin Fox since it was abandoned in Shakespeare Bay in 1963. It was subsequently purchased for a nominal amount by a local heritage organization, and eventually towed to a purpose-built dry dock near the ferry terminal in Picton harbor. Initial plans to restore the vessel were abandoned and the decision was made to preserve it as it was. In 1990 it became the centerpiece of the Edwin Fox Ship and Visitor Centre and receives some 15,000 visitors each year, the vast majority of them from outside Aotearoa New Zealand. Even as a hulk, the ship continues to play a role in globalization, in this case as a modest component of one of the signature industries of contemporary globalization: tourism.
Teologia dell’episcopato ed elezione
Authors: Castellucci Erio 
Published: December 2024

Dalla teologia dell’episcopato dipendono anche i criteri per l’elezione dei Vescovi. Il Concilio Vaticano II ha superato l’impostazione precedente, nella quale i Vescovi erano considerati all’incirca come ambasciatori del Papa, per affermare la collegialità episcopale, la sacramentalità dell’ordinazione e il carattere ministeriale del primo grado dell’Ordine. I Vescovi sono “servi” della Parola e della Chiesa. La prassi attuale in Occidente non sembra avere ancora integrato in maniera adeguata questa rinnovata visione, perché l’elezione dei Vescovi avviene ancora in gran parte sulla base delle informazioni mirate raccolte dalla Nunziatura; come chiedono anche i documenti del Sinodo dei Vescovi in corso, una prassi sinodale comporta la consultazione del popolo di Dio: non sui nomi dei candidati, ma sulle caratteristiche loro richieste per quella specifica Chiesa particolare
Morphometric changes in optic nerve head parameters in ocular hypertension induced by intravitreal administration of angiogenesis inhibitors
Authors: Andreeva Yu. S. , Alharki L. , Budzinskaya M. V. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE. To compare the changes in morphometric parameters of the optic nerve head (ONH) following intravitreal injections (IVI) of aflibercept in patients with natural and artificial lenses.METHODS. The study included 60 patients, divided into two groups: the control group, consisting of 30 patients with natural lenses, and the main group, consisting of 30 patients with intraocular lenses. All patients underwent three aflibercept IVIs at 4-week intervals, followed by a treat-and-extend regimen for one year. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with the iCare Pro tonometer before IVI, and 1 minute and 60 minutes after IVI. All patients underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the ONH, using radial (star-shaped) scans. Horizontal slices of the ONH were analyzed.RESULTS. By the end of the observation period, both groups had received a comparable number of IVIs. The average IOP increase 1 minute after IVI exceeded 15 mm Hg compared to baseline in both groups. In the control group, one year after treatment, an increase in optic disc cup width was observed, with the median increasing by 15 μm (p<0.001). The median cup depth increased by 8 μm (p<0.001). In the main group, cup width also increased, with a median increase of 6 μm (p<0.001), and cup depth increased by 4 μm (p<0.001). These changes were statistically more pronounced in the control group compared to the main group. In both groups, the Bruch’s membrane opening diameter and the distance to the anterior surface of the lamina cribrosa did not significantly change throughout the observation period.CONCLUSION. A series of acute IOP elevations due to repeated IVIs over the course of a year is associated with an increase in the width and depth of optic disc cup, which is more pronounced in patients with natural lenses.
On improving methods of educating patients with glaucoma
Authors: Karlova E. V. , Pavliuchenko A. P. 
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE. To study the ability of ophthalmologists to provide patients with glaucoma with comprehensive information regarding the nature of the disease, its progression, prognosis, monitoring, treatment, and prevention in real clinical practice.METHODS. The study was conducted by surveying 377 ophthalmologists across 53 regions of the Russian Federation. The majority (79.6%) of respondents worked in outpatient clinics, 13% combined inpatient and outpatient care, and 7.4% worked exclusively in hospitals. Most respondents (96.6%) were practicing clinicians, 2.9% had combined roles, and 0.5% were academic faculty.RESULTS. A total of 91.2% of respondents reported being able to assess a glaucoma patient’s knowledge of their disease during a consultation. Additionally, 65.8% of ophthalmologists stated that they were able to provide detailed information on the goals and methods of medical therapy to patients and their families during consultations. Furthermore, 39.8% recommended that patients keep a self-monitoring diary when feasible. A similar percentage of respondents (40.3% and 40.6%) believed that treatment plans should be discussed either with the patient alone or with both the patient and their spouse. The most preferred educational tool among ophthalmologists was a brochure containing recommendations. Moreover, 87.5% believed that treatment prognosis was the most interesting topic for patients, 75.1% considered the patient's education level to be the most important factor influencing their attitude towards treatment, and 76.4% felt that establishing regular follow-up intervals facilitated more effective therapy. According to the ophthalmologists, 75.5% of patients understood that glaucoma treatment is lifelong. The ophthalmologists estimated that, on average, 49.8% of patients visited their doctor at least once every three months.CONCLUSION. The majority of ophthalmologists support the idea of providing glaucoma patients with information about their disease, its treatment, and lifestyle modifications beyond regular consultations. They are also willing to participate directly in educational activities. A new model of interaction between physicians and the patient community is emerging, which aims to engage more glaucoma patients in educational and motivational programs.
La formación de proyectos de vida profesional desde la facultad preparatoria de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas
Authors: Kindelán Jústiz José Ricardo 
Published: December 2024

En el presente trabajo el autor demuestra la vital importancia que, desde los primeros momentos en la Facultad Preparatoria, se inicien las gestiones pedagógicas para la formación de Proyectos de Vida Profesional (PVP) en los estudiantes de las carreras de las Ciencias Médicas. Se reconoce que esta institución docente de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana tiene la misión de iniciar la formación de un profesional de la Salud, con una preparación integral desde las aristas del conocimiento científico, el desarrollo de competencias para el exitoso desempeño en la vida universitaria. Se demuestra que los PVP en los estudiantes de la Facultad Preparatoria les dotará de las herramientas para asimilar el conjunto de conocimientos y habilidades necesarias que pueden permitir al profesional de la salud afrontar con éxito los problemas, conflictos y dificultades que de forma habitual se le presentan durante su ejercicio profesional, así como aquellos que de manera emergente, o que con carácter prospectivo, pueda prever a partir del conocimiento de la constante evolución de las situaciones de salud y al creciente desarrollo de las ciencias. El autor propone un conjunto de acciones que devienen en estrategias como plataforma para la formación de esas futuras competencias, con la activa participación interactiva de todo el sistema de influencias educativas, sobre la base de los más actuales paradigmas de la Educación Cubana y con las exigencias del Proceso Formativo, a través del despliegue de acciones de carácter consciente, transformadoras y cooperativas.
Menopausia: factores de riesgo
Authors: Álvarez García Miriam , Hernández Castillo Caridad , González González Adeanis 
Published: December 2024

La calidad de los servicios de salud en el mundo actual se convierte en motivo de interés para los salubristas, en busca siempre de la obtención de mejores resultados para la población, proporcionando el mínimo de riesgos para el mejoramiento de su salud y adecuado aprovechamiento de los recursos disponibles para ejecutar las acciones, en la atención a la mujer y es por ello que los programas buscan como prevenir y educar. La menopausia es la etapa del último ciclo menstrual, pero los síntomas pueden empezar varios años antes de la edad y pueden durar meses o permanecer por varios años, originan cambios en los niveles de estrógeno y progesterona, hormonas femeninas que se reproducen en los ovarios. Como la producción de estrógeno disminuye, la ovulación y menstruación ocurren a menudo, y eventualmente se detiene. Pero puede detenerse antes debido a una enfermedad o a una histerectomía. El objetivo va encaminado a caracterizar los factores de riesgo en la incidencia de la menopausia, el método utilizado fue prospectivo con ensayos clínicos aleatorios y análisis sistemático, se revisaron investigaciones de varios diseños y artículos de diversos autores Se concluyó que de la muestra seleccionada el mayor porciento con factores de riesgo fue el rango de 35 a 45años y se demostró que diversos factores de riesgo contribuyen significativamente a la mala calidad de vida de las mujeres menopaúsicas.
La formación del liderazgo comunitario sobre el medio ambiente en la carrera Geografía. Experiencia desde el proyecto Paraíso Verde
Authors: Ferreiro Vázquez Iliana , Domínguez Pacheco Danay , Suárez Sánchez Yamirka 
Published: December 2024

La formación de líderes comunitarios es uno de los retos que enfrentan las carreras universitarias y en especial las pedagógicas, pues su vínculo con la sociedad está regido por el carácter instructivo y transformacional que se le establece a los docentes. La particularidad de los estudiantes de la carrera GEOGRAFIA es que su encargo social contempla la naturaleza y la sociedad en la dirección del proceso pedagógico. Desde esta pretensión general, el análisis de la carrera revela que la preparación para el liderazgo también evidencia medios para ampliar el tratamiento del tema. En este trabajo incluye las valoraciones que al respecto ha conformado la autora para la carrera; se destacan los requisitos a tener en cuenta y que deben ser atendidos por las disciplinas y asignaturas. Además, se enfatiza en la experiencia que se ha realizado durante varios cursos y que ya aporta resultados al objetivo fundamental de contribuir a la formación de pedagogos que se desempeñen como líderes del medio ambiente en la escuela y en la comunidad.
RECURSOS MULTIMEDIA PARA EL DESARROLLO DEL PENSAMIENTO LÓGICO EN ESTUDIANTES DE EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA
Authors: Quintana Suarez Belkys , Morales Caguana Edgar Fredy , Otero Agreda Omar Efren 
Published: December 2024

En este artículo, se explorará cómo los recursos multimedia pueden contribuir al fortalecimiento del pensamiento lógico en los estudiantes de básica, así como algunas recomendaciones para su implementación efectiva. El objetivo general que persigue es evaluar la repercusión de los recursos multimedia en el desarrollo del pensamiento lógico en estudiantes de básica de la Unidad Educativa Francisco Huerta Rendón, para dar cumplimiento a este se aplicaron métodos teóricos (histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis, inductivo-deductivo, sistémico) y empíricos con las técnicas de observación, estudio de documentos, encuesta y entrevista, las mismas fueron aplicadas a la muestra correspondiente de 12 docentes, 2 autoridades y 322 estudiantes del plantel educativo; mostrándose la variedad de beneficios que ofrecen la aplicación de los recursos multimedia que pueden potenciar el pensamiento lógico de los estudiantes de básica. En primer lugar, la combinación de imágenes, sonidos y textos puede ayudar a los estudiantes a comprender conceptos abstractos de manera más concreta y visual, lo que facilita la asimilación de información compleja. Además, la interactividad de muchos recursos multimedia permite a los estudiantes explorar y experimentar con conceptos lógicos de forma práctica, lo que favorece un aprendizaje más significativo.
Estrategias de aprendizajes eficaces en el área de Lengua y Literatura en 7mo año EGB
Authors: Figueroa Fajardo Fátima Fabiana , Rendón Gómez María Fernanda , Bárcenas Cevallos Tanya Marizol , Llerena Ortega Gloría Epifania 
Published: December 2024

El desconocimiento de estrategias de aprendizajes eficaces en el área de Lengua y Literatura en 7mo año EGB es una problemática que se ha evidenciado en los últimos años en Ecuador. Esta situación se refleja en los resultados académicos de los estudiantes, quienes presentan dificultades en la comprensión lectora, la producción de textos escritos, la comprensión oral y la expresión oral.
Existen diversos factores que contribuyen a esta problemática, entre los que se destacan:
La falta de actualización y capacitación docente en estrategias didácticas innovadoras. Los docentes en muchas ocasiones siguen utilizando metodologías tradicionales que no promueven aprendizajes significativos en los estudiantes.
La escasez de recursos didácticos en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Los docentes no cuentan con los recursos necesarios para implementar estrategias didácticas innovadoras.
La falta de motivación e interés de los estudiantes. Los estudiantes se desmotivan cuando las clases son aburridas y no les permiten desarrollar sus habilidades.
Algunas estrategias didácticas innovadoras que pueden aplicarse en el área de Lengua y Literatura son:

Aprendizaje basado en proyectos. Esta estrategia permite a los estudiantes desarrollar habilidades de pensamiento crítico y resolución de problemas.
Aprendizaje cooperativo. Esta estrategia promueve el trabajo en equipo y el desarrollo de habilidades sociales.
Aprendizaje basado en juegos. Esta estrategia hace que el aprendizaje sea más divertido y motivador.
Pengaruh Persepsi Tarif Pajak Pertambahan Nilai terhadap Perilaku Belanja Konsumen dengan Tingkat Pendapatan sebagai Variabel Pemoderasi
Authors: Abrori Ali , Pahala Indra , Wahono Puji 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak persepsi tarif PPN terhadap perilaku belanja konsumen, dengan tingkat pendapatan sebagai variabel moderasi. Unit analisis dari penelitian ini adalah konsumen barang atau jasa di Supermarket yang berdomisili di DKI Jakarta. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan model Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) menggunakan STATA 17. Sampel yang diperoleh sebanyak 137 responden. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah persepsi tarif PPN, sedangkan variabel dependennya adalah perilaku belanja konsumen. Variabel Moderasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Tingkat Pendapatan. Hasil MRA menunjukkan bahwa persepsi tarif PPN memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku belanja konsumen (β = -0.6073, p < 0.05) sedangkan tingkat pendapatan (β = 0.0199, p < 0.05) memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan. Selain itu, hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan dapat memoderasi pengaruh persepsi tarif PPN terhadap perilaku belanja konsumen (β = 0.0199, p < 0.05). Temuan penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman bahwa persepsi tarif PPN akan memiliki dampak yang berbeda-beda terhadap Perilaku Belanja Konsumen sesuai dengan tingkat pendapatan dari individu.
Systematic review: Criminal justice staffs’ perceptions, attitudes, awareness, and understanding of people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative data from qualitative and mixed methods studies
Authors: Evans Erin 
Published: December 2024

Background:People with intellectual disabilities (ID) are overrepresented within the criminal justice system (CJS), yet staff may have minimal to no training regarding adapting their approach and procedures to the needs of this population. This review aimed to synthesise the available qualitative data on staff’s perceptions, attitudes, awareness, and understanding of people with ID. Understanding how staff perceive people with an ID may provide context to their behaviour and help inform implications for change.Method:A comprehensive systematic search of four major electronic databases and an additional grey literature database was conducted in October 2023. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool were used to assess the quality of the included papers. Qualitative data from each paper were analysed using a thematic synthesis approach.Results:Six qualitative studies and three mixed-methods studies were synthesised reflecting the perspectives of 530 criminal justice staff from around the world. Five descriptive themes emerged: identification of people with an ID in the CJS; feelings towards people with ID; perceived need for adaptation and for improvement; and whether the CJS is appropriate for people with an ID. Four analytical themes emerged: Navigating responsibility; People with an ID are vulnerable due to societal pressures and systemic biases; Uncertainty regarding what needs to change; and Drive for change.Conclusions:CJS staff perceive people with an ID to be a marginalised group of individuals who require identification and adaptations. Staff struggle to identify this group and often do not know what adaptations to provide. Further training is required, and research into barriers for staff to effectively implement learnings from training should be identified.
Understanding dementia from the perspective of people with a learning disability: Preferences for the disclosure of dementia and care planning
Authors: Harwood Sharon-Lin 
Published: December 2024

Background:Whilst it is known that people with learning disabilities are at increased risk of developing dementia, there is a paucity of research which focuses on this from the perspective of individuals with learning disabilities.Literature review:A literature review was conducted to explore people with learning disabilities views about ageing, which revealed both positive and negative beliefs. However, a rapid review, focusing on dementia highlighted negative attitudes, stemming from its association with decline and loss of independence.Aim and method:The study aims were to explore people with learning disabilities’ understanding of dementia and their capacity to engage in discussions relating to dementia, the perceived dis/advantages of being told the diagnosis of dementia and their preferences for future dementia care planning. The study used a three-phase approach, conducted with 15 participants. This consisted of individual interviews, provision of psychoeducation on dementia and then the running of two focus groups. Data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.Results:From the individual interviews, three themes emerged, based on whether participants had prior knowledge of dementia or not. Those without knowledge were more negative about the ageing process. From the focus groups, four themes emerged which emphasised dementia as a time of loss, the impact on families and carers, for dementia care to be compassionate and provide support to others in the person’s support system.Conclusion and implications:The findings showed that people with learning disabilities were able to actively engage in discussing ageing and dementia, despite these being sensitive and abstract topics. This study is unique because it captures the perspectives of people with learning disabilities. The findings provide concrete suggestions for enhancing dementia care for this group. The provision of support for caregivers and the dissemination of accessible dementia information are two such examples.
Qual a importância da saúde do couro cabeludo nos períodos pré e pós-transplante capilar? Revisão narrativa da literatura
Authors: Schalch Fabia Oppido , Vieira Isabella Marques , Suzuki Vanessa Yuri , Isoldi Felipe Contoli , Haddad Alessandra 
Published: December 2024

Introdução: O couro cabeludo possui características únicas que o tornam suscetível a doenças como dermatite e alopecias cicatriciais, impactando a qualidade dos cabelos. Com o crescimento do transplante capilar, especialmente com a técnica FUE, os cuidados no pré e pós-operatório são essenciais para otimizar resultados.Objetivo: Revisar os cuidados com o couro cabeludo no pré e pós-operatório de transplantes capilares. Método: foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura, utilizando a base de dados Pubmed/Medline, abrangendo estudos publicados entre 2014 e 2024, em inglês. Foram incluídos estudos primários e secundários, como ensaios clínicos, coortes, série de casos, revisões em geral com ou sem metanálise, os quais abordaram os cuidados com o couro cabeludo em pacientes submetidos ao transplante capilar. Foram excluídos estudos exclusivamente sobre técnicas cirúrgicas e patologias do couro cabeludo sem relação direta com o transplante capilar. Resultados: do total de153 artigos encontrados, 27 atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade para a análise detalhada. Desses, 14 discutiram cuidados pré-operatórios, 21 cuidados pós-operatórios e 9 abordaram ambos os períodos. Os dados coletados foram resumidos em 2 quadros. Conclusão: A revisão mostrou que, embora o couro cabeludo seja o foco do transplante capilar, há pouca fundamentação científica sobre a importância de sua saúde para o sucesso do procedimento. A maioria dos cuidados é baseada na opinião individual dos cirurgiões. Estudos futuros são necessários para definir protocolos mais eficazes, bem como identificar os melhores cosméticos e tratamentos para o preparo do couro cabeludo e cuidados pós-operatórios.