bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cut‐offs for defining uterine prolapse using transperineal ultrasound in Chinese women: prospective multicenter study
Authors: Wu M. , Wang X. , Lin X. , Fu Y. , Chen H. , Guan X. , Huang W. , Chen Y. , Zhang L. , Jing C. , Wei J. , Tian J. , Zhang X. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveTransperineal ultrasound is a simple and highly repeatable method that has been used increasingly in the quantification of pelvic organ prolapse, but abnormal uterine descent on ultrasound in Chinese women is still poorly defined. We aimed to determine the optimal cut‐off to define abnormal uterine descent on transperineal ultrasound in Chinese women.MethodsThis prospective multicenter study recruited women who were examined in tertiary‐level gynecological centers, due to symptoms of lower urinary tract and/or pelvic floor dysfunction, between February 2017 and September 2018. All recruited women underwent a standardized interview, pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP‐Q) examination, and four‐dimensional transperineal ultrasound examination. On ultrasound, uterine descent was measured relative to the posteroinferior margin of the symphysis pubis during maximum Valsalva maneuver. The optimal cut‐off value for definition of abnormal uterine descent was selected as the value with the highest Youden index and the diagnostic performance of this cut‐off for the prediction of prolapse symptoms and POP‐Q stage was assessed and compared by means of the area under the receiver‐operating‐characteristics curve (AUC).ResultsIn total, 538 Chinese women, with a mean age of 39.4 (range, 18–81) years, were enrolled into the study. Both uterine descent on transperineal ultrasound (P < 0.001) and POP‐Q stage (P < 0.001) were associated strongly with presence of prolapse symptoms. Uterine descent on ultrasound was associated significantly with POP‐Q stage for apical compartment prolapse (P < 0.001). The optimal cut‐off value for the definition of abnormal uterine descent on transperineal ultrasound during maximum Valsalva maneuver in the prediction of prolapse symptoms was 4.79 mm above the symphysis pubis (AUC, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71–0.78)), while the optimal cut‐off values in the prediction of prolapse of POP‐Q Stage ≥ 1 and POP‐Q Stage ≥ 2 were 6.63 mm above the symphysis pubis (AUC, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.80–0.86)) and 8.42 mm below the symphysis pubis (AUC, 0.85 (95% CI, 0.82–0.88)), respectively.ConclusionsThe optimal cut‐off value to define abnormal uterine descent on transperineal ultrasound during maximum Valsalva maneuver for the prediction of prolapse symptoms in this population of Chinese women was 4.79 mm above the symphysis pubis, close to that for predicting apical compartment prolapse of POP‐Q Stage ≥ 1 (6.63 mm above the symphysis pubis). These are somewhat different from values described previously in mainly Caucasian populations. Ethnic differences should be taken into account in the evaluation of pelvic organ prolapse using transperineal ultrasound. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
BTZ one-loop determinants via the Selberg zeta function for general spin
Authors: Keeler Cynthia , Martin Victoria L. , Svesko Andrew 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We relate the heat kernel and quasinormal mode methods of computing the 1-loop partition function of arbitrary spin fields on a rotating (Euclidean) BTZ background using the Selberg zeta function associated with ℍ3/ℤ, extending (arXiv:1811.08433) [1]. Previously, Perry and Williams [2] showed for a scalar field that the zeros of the Selberg zeta function coincide with the poles of the associated scattering operator upon a relabeling of integers. We extend the integer relabeling to the case of general spin, and discuss its relationship to the removal of non-square-integrable Euclidean zero modes.
Switching from a traditional undergraduate programme in (clinical) pharmacology and therapeutics to a problem-based learning programme
Authors: Brinkman David J. , Monteiro Teresa , Monteiro Emilia C. , Richir Milan C. , van Agtmael Michiel A. , Tichelaar Jelle 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The pharmacology and clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) education during the undergraduate medical curriculum of NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal, was changed from a traditional programme (i.e. discipline-based, lectures) to a problem-based learning (PBL) programme (i.e. integrated, case-based discussions) without an increase in teaching hours. The aim of this study was to investigate whether this change improved the prescribing competencies of final-year medical students.

Methods
Final-year students from both programmes (2015 and 2019) were invited to complete a validated prescribing assessment and questionnaire. The assessment comprised 24 multiple-choice questions in three subdomains (working mechanism, side-effects and interactions/contraindications), and five clinical case scenarios of common diseases. The questionnaire focused on self-reported prescribing confidence, preparedness for future prescribing task and education received.

Results
In total, 36 (22%) final-year medical students from the traditional programme and 54 (23%) from the PBL programme participated. Overall, students in the PBL programme had significantly higher knowledge scores than students in the traditional programme (76% (SD 9) vs 67% (SD 15); p = 0.002). Additionally, students in the PBL programme made significantly fewer inappropriate therapy choices (p = 0.023) and fewer erroneous prescriptions than did students in the traditional programme (p = 0.27). Students in the PBL programme felt more confident in prescribing, felt better prepared for prescribing as junior doctor and completed more drug prescriptions during their medical training.

Conclusion
Changing from a traditional programme to an integrated PBL programme in pharmacology and CPT during the undergraduate medical curriculum may improve the prescribing competencies of final-year students.
Low energy availability: history, definition and evidence of its endocrine, metabolic and physiological effects in prospective studies in females and males
Authors: Areta José L. , Taylor Harry L. , Koehler Karsten 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEnergy availability (EA) is defined as the amount of dietary energy available to sustain physiological function after subtracting the energetic cost of exercise. Insufficient EA due to increased exercise, reduced energy intake, or a combination of both, is a potent disruptor of the endocrine milieu. As such, EA is conceived as a key etiological factor underlying a plethora of physiological dysregulations described in the female athlete triad, its male counterpart and the Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport models. Originally developed upon female-specific physiological responses, this concept has recently been extended to males, where experimental evidence is limited. The majority of data for all these models are from cross-sectional or observational studies where hypothesized chronic low energy availability (LEA) is linked to physiological maladaptation. However, the body of evidence determining causal effects of LEA on endocrine, and physiological function through prospective studies manipulating EA is comparatively small, with interventions typically lasting ≤ 5 days. Extending laboratory-based findings to the field requires recognition of the strengths and limitations of current knowledge. To aid this, this review will: (1) provide a brief historical overview of the origin of the concept in mammalian ecology through its evolution of algebraic calculations used in humans today, (2) Outline key differences from the ‘energy balance’ concept, (3) summarise and critically evaluate the effects of LEA on tissues/systems for which we now have evidence, namely: hormonal milieu, reproductive system endocrinology, bone metabolism and skeletal muscle; and finally (4) provide perspectives and suggestions for research upon identified knowledge gaps.
Integrierte Versorgung für Borderline-Patient*innen
Authors: Schindler Andreas , Neshatrooh Pujan , Krog Katharina 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungZur Behandlung der Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) liegen mehrere evidenzbasierte Behandlungsmodelle vor. Die derzeitigen Versorgungsstrukturen werden dieser Patient*innengruppe aber so wenig gerecht, dass immer noch der größte Teil der in Deutschland für die BPS aufgewendeten Mittel in stationäre Kriseninterventionen fließt. Diese bleiben ebenso wie geplante stationäre Behandlungen oft Stückwerk, weil keine ambulante Anschlussbehandlung zustande kommt. Viele, gerade schwer kranke Patient*innen finden gar keine ambulante Behandlung. Sofern ambulante Psychotherapien zu Stande kommen, scheitern diese oft in Krisensituationen. Die in den Behandlungsleitlinien explizit empfohlenen integrierten und vernetzten Strukturen einer Komplexbehandlung fehlen bislang weitgehend. Eine Möglichkeit zur Verbesserung dieser Situation kann der Rückgriff auf Strukturen der Integrierten Versorgung (IV) sein, die konzeptuell störungsspezifisch ausgestaltet werden müssen.Mit dem Hamburger Modell der Integrierten Versorgung – Borderline wurde ein DBT-basiertes, multimodales, langfristig angelegtes, krisenfestes Behandlungskonzept für die Behandlung von Patient*innen mit schwerer BPS entwickelt. Vordringliche Ziele sind die Förderung der funktionalen Selbstregulation, vor allem im Bereich der Emotionen, die Verbesserung der Lebensqualität, der Abbau selbstschädigenden Verhaltens und die Reduktion stationärer Kriseninterventionen. Zentrales Element dieses Konzeptes ist ein ambulantes, interdisziplinäres Team, das zugleich IV-Team und DBT-Team ist. Dieses arbeitet in einem psychiatrischen Krankenhaus mit regionalem Versorgungsauftrag und nutzt dessen Strukturen.Erste Evaluationsdaten weisen auf eine Verbesserung des Funktionsniveaus und eine deutliche Reduktion der BPS-Symptomatik hin. Außerdem verringerte sich die Zahl der stationären Krankenhaustage erheblich. Das Modell scheint in der Lage zu sein, schwer kranke Borderline-Patient*innen weitestgehend ambulant erfolgreich zu behandeln. Es könnte also dazu beitragen, die Fragmentierung der Behandlungsangebote für Borderline-Betroffene zu überwinden.
Do wild tamarins reconcile? Two case reports from moustached tamarins
Authors: Heymann Eckhard W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMechanisms of conflict resolution, e.g. reconciliation, have been reported from a number of group-living animals, particularly primates. However, whether or not conflict resolution occurs in the cooperatively breeding callitrichids (marmosets and tamarins) remains a matter of debate. Captive studies provide contrasting evidence for the occurrence of reconciliation, and no evidence has been previously available for wild groups. Here, I present data on post-conflict behaviour in wild moustached tamarins,Saguinus mystax, which suggest that reconciliation occurs among wild callitrichids, too. However, reconciliation seems to occur very rarely among these primates, probably due to the generally peaceful nature of their social relations.
Europäisierung des Individualrechtsschutzes im Umweltrecht
Authors: Römling Dominik 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Während die Fortentwicklung des Verbandsklagerechts nach Art. 9 Abs. 3 der Aarhus-Konvention
mit der Protect-Entscheidung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs ihren vorläufigen Schlusspunkt erreicht
hat, besteht die Diskussion um die Klagerechte Einzelner aus der Konvention fort. Sie erfährt jüngst
durch das Urteil des EuGH in der Rs. C-197/18 neue Impulse. Der Beitrag analysiert die Reichweite der
dort entwickelten Maßstäbe und legt die Konsequenzen für das Verständnis des Individualrechtsschutzes
im deutschen Umweltrecht dar.
Agility in humanitarian supply chain: an organizational information processing perspective and relational view
Authors: Dubey Rameshwar , Bryde David J. , Foropon Cyril , Graham Gary , Giannakis Mihalis , Mishra Deepa Bhatt 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHumanitarian organizations are increasingly facing challenges in terms of improving the efficiency and the effectiveness of their disaster relief efforts. These challenges often arise due to a lack of trust, poor collaboration and an inability to respond to disaster affected areas in a timely manner. Our study attempts to understand how these challenges are overcome by seeking answers to questions related to the topics of swift-trust, collaboration and agility in humanitarian supply chains. For instance, in our study we have attempted to examine how information sharing and supply chain visibility in humanitarian supply chains improve the swift-trust among the humanitarian actors engaged in disaster relief operations. Further, we attempt to understand how-swift trust, commitment and collaboration among the humanitarian actors improve the agility in humanitarian supply chains. In our study we provide both theoretical and data-driven answers to our stated research gaps. Our theoretical model is firmly grounded in organizational information process theory and relational view. We tested our research hypotheses using variance based structural equation modelling with survey data collected using a web based pre-tested instrument from 147 NGOs respondents drawn from the National Disaster Management Authority database. Our results help to advance the theoretical debates surrounding “swift-trust”, “collaboration” and “agility” in humanitarian settings. We further provide direction to managers engaged in disaster relief operations. The humanitarian actors engaged in disaster relief often fail to understand how to build swift-trust. Moreover, how swift-trust further affects commitment and collaboration which in turn further affect agility in humanitarian supply chains. Thus humanitarian organizations must understand how information sharing and supply chain visibility is key to swift-trust among humanitarian actors and agility in humanitarian supply chains. Finally, we outline the limitations of our study and offer some future research directions for investigation.
Metacognitive illusion or self-regulated learning? Assessing engineering students’ learning strategies against the backdrop of recent advances in cognitive science
Authors: Cervin-Ellqvist Maria , Larsson Daniel , Adawi Tom , Stöhr Christian , Negretti Raffaella 
Published: October 2020

AbstractKnowing how students approach learning in higher education contexts is key to promote learning strategies that are effective in the long run. Previous research has concluded that students often use ineffective learning strategies but believe them to be effective—a phenomenon known as metacognitive illusion. In a bid to broaden the perspective on students’ use of learning strategies, this study draws on the notion of self-regulated learning as a theoretical lens. A questionnaire, comprising both open-ended and closed-ended questions, was developed to gather data from 416 engineering students. The questionnaire was geared towards (1) mapping what learning strategies students use in a real-world setting, in real courses, (2) probing their metacognitive awareness of the effectiveness of various learning strategies and (3) investigating why students choose certain learning strategies. We also compared which learning strategies the engineering students chose across programs and types of courses. The findings reveal a complex picture of why students sometimes use seemingly ineffective learning strategies, and we conclude that this is not always due to metacognitive illusion. It is instead often linked to attempts to regulate behaviour, motivation and/or learning context, sometimes in response to the context. This study adds to the current HE research investigating students’ abilities to reflect on, assess and take control of their learning in an effective way, confirming that students need explicit guidance.
Is it expensive to be poor? Public transport in Sweden
Authors: Bondemark Anders , Andersson Henrik , Wretstrand Anders , Brundell-Freij Karin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOne of the reasons to subsidise public transport is to improve the mobility of low-income groups by providing affordable public transport; however, the literature describes a situation whereby those with a low income are unable to afford the cheapest tickets per trip, i.e. travelcards, as they usually require a considerable up-front cost. In this study, we use a large dataset from the Swedish National Travel Survey to investigate whether, and if so how, income explains monthly travelcard possession among individuals for whom this would have been the least expensive option. We find a robust positive relationship between income and travelcard possession among low-income earners, indicating that those with a low income pay more to use public transport than more affluent individuals. As the accessibility of low-income groups is an important motivation for public transport subsidies, the findings from this study have important policy implications.
EEG power spectral density in locked-in and completely locked-in state patients: a longitudinal study
Authors: Secco Arianna , Tonin Alessandro , Rana Aygul , Jaramillo-Gonzalez Andres , Khalili-Ardali Majid , Birbaumer Niels , Chaudhary Ujwal 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPersons with their eye closed and without any means of communication is said to be in a completely locked-in state (CLIS) while when they could still open their eyes actively or passively and have some means of communication are said to be in locked-in state (LIS). Two patients in CLIS without any means of communication, and one patient in the transition from LIS to CLIS with means of communication, who have Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis were followed at a regular interval for more than 1 year. During each visit, resting-state EEG was recorded before the brain–computer interface (BCI) based communication sessions. The resting-state EEG of the patients was analyzed to elucidate the evolution of their EEG spectrum over time with the disease’s progression to provide future BCI-research with the relevant information to classify changes in EEG evolution. Comparison of power spectral density (PSD) of these patients revealed a significant difference in the PSD’s of patients in CLIS without any means of communication and the patient in the transition from LIS to CLIS with means of communication. The EEG of patients without any means of communication is devoid of alpha, beta, and higher frequencies than the patient in transition who still had means of communication. The results show that the change in the EEG frequency spectrum may serve as an indicator of the communication ability of such patients.
Anisotropic double-phase problems with indefinite potential: multiplicity of solutions
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Qin Dongdong , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe consider an anisotropic double-phase problem plus an indefinite potential. The reaction is superlinear. Using variational tools together with truncation, perturbation and comparison techniques and critical groups, we prove a multiplicity theorem producing five nontrivial smooth solutions, all with sign information and ordered. In this process we also prove two results of independent interest, namely a maximum principle for anisotropic double-phase problems and a strong comparison principle for such solutions.
Response Prediction and Dynamic Substructuring for Coupled Structures in the Frequency Domain
Authors: Liao X. H. , Wu W. F. , Meng H. D. , Zhao J. B. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTTo evaluate the dynamic properties of a coupled structure based on the dynamic properties of its substructures, this paper investigates the dynamic substructuring issue from the perspective of response prediction. The main idea is that the connecting forces at the interface of substructures can be expressed by the unknown coupled structural responses, and the responses can be solved rather easily. Not only rigidly coupled structures but also resiliently coupled structures are investigated. In order to further comprehend and visualize the nature of coupling problems, the Neumann series expansion for a matrix describing the relation between the coupled and uncoupled substructures is also introduced in this paper. Compared with existing response prediction methods, the proposed method does not have to measure any forces, which makes it easier to apply than the others. Clearly, the frequency response function matrix of coupled structures can be derived directly based on the response prediction method. Compared with existing frequency response function synthesis methods, it is more straightforward and comprehensible. Through demonstration of two examples, it is concluded that the proposed method can deal with structural coupling problems very well.
ON A GENERALIZED FRAÏSSÉ LIMIT CONSTRUCTION AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE JIANG–SU ALGEBRA
Authors: MASUMOTO SHUHEI 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we present a version of Fraïssé theory for categories of metric structures. Using this version, we show that every UHF algebra can be recognized as a Fraïssé limit of a class of C*-algebras of matrix-valued continuous functions on cubes with distinguished traces. We also give an alternative proof of the fact that the Jiang–Su algebra is the unique simple monotracial C*-algebra among all the inductive limits of prime dimension drop algebras.
ELEMENTARY EQUIVALENCE THEOREM FOR PAC STRUCTURES
Authors: DOBROWOLSKI JAN , HOFFMANN DANIEL MAX , LEE JUNGUK 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe generalize a well-known theorem binding the elementary equivalence relation on the level of PAC fields and the isomorphism type of their absolute Galois groups. Our results concern two cases: saturated PAC structures and nonsaturated PAC structures.
Sedimentology and palaeontology of the Upper Karoo Group in the Mid-Zambezi Basin, Zimbabwe: new localities and their implications for interbasinal correlation
Authors: Sciscio Lara , Viglietti Pia A. , Barrett Paul M. , Broderick Timothy J. , Munyikwa Darlington , Chapelle Kimberley E.J. , Dollman Kathleen N. , Edwards Steve F. , Zondo Michel , Choiniere Jonah N. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Triassic–Jurassic Upper Karoo Group of the Mid-Zambezi Basin (MZB; Zimbabwe) includes a thick succession of terrestrial sediments with high palaeontological potential that has been neglected since the 1970s. Here, we review the Upper Karoo Group stratigraphy, present detailed sedimentological work and identify new vertebrate-bearing sites at several measured sections along the southern shore of Lake Kariba. These fossil-bearing sites fall within the Pebbly Arkose and Forest Sandstone formations, and are the first to be recorded from the region since the discovery ofVulcanodon karibaensisnearly 50 years ago. The unique and diverse assemblage of aquatic and terrestrial fauna reported includes phytosaurs, metoposaurid amphibians, lungfish, non-dinosaurian archosauromorphs and non-sauropod sauropodomorph dinosaurs. This improvement of Upper Karoo Group biostratigraphy is important in refining its temporal resolution, and impacts both regional and global studies. Finally, the new fossil sites demonstrate the palaeontological importance of the MZB and its role in providing a holistic understanding of early Mesozoic ecosystems in southern Gondwana.