bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic aberrations ofNLRC5are associated with downregulated MHC‐I antigen presentation and impaired T‐cell immunity in follicular lymphoma
Authors: Gunawardana Jay , Lee Justina N. , Bednarska Karolina , Murigneux Valentine , de Long Lilia Merida , Sabdia Muhammed B. , Birch Simone , Tobin Joshua W. D. , Gandhi Maher K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFollicular lymphoma (FL) is the most common indolent non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. Twenty to twenty‐five percent of FL patients have progression of disease within 24 months. These patients may benefit from immunotherapy if intact antigen presentation is present. Molecular mechanisms impairing major histocompatibility complex class‐I (MHC‐I) in FL remain undefined. Here, by sequencing of 172 FL tumours, we found the MHC‐I transactivator NLRC5 was the most frequent gene abnormality in the MHC‐I pathway. Pyrosequencing showed that epigenetic silencing of theNLRC5promoter occurred in 30% of cases and was mutually exclusive to copy number loss (CNL) inNLRC5(∼6% of cases). Hypermethylation and CNLs (“NLRC5aberrant”) had reducedNLRC5gene expression compared to wild‐type (WT) cases. By NanoString, there was reduced gene expression of the MHC‐I pathway in aberrant tissues, including immunoproteasome components (PSMB8andPSMB9), peptide transporters of antigen processing (TAP1), and MHC‐I (HLA‐A), compared to WT. By immunofluorescent microscopy, fewer NLRC5 protein‐expressing malignant B‐cells were observed in NLRC5 aberrant tissue sections compared to NLRC5 WT (P < .01). Consistent with a pivotal role in the activation of CD8+T‐cells, bothCD8andCD137strongly correlated with NLRC5 expression (bothr > 0.7;P < .0001). Further studies are required to determine whether patients with aberrant NLRC5 have a diminished response to immunotherapy.
LEADING FROM VALUES
Authors: Pesky Alan D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe author discusses the mission, goals, and operation of the Lee Pesky Learning Center (LPLC), a nonprofit founded in Idaho in 1997. It is named after the author's son Lee, who grew up with undiagnosed learning disabilities and died of brain cancer at the age of 30. The author experienced success in business and other fields before establishing LPLC. He recounts how it started small, with a staff of two in a modest space and offered two services: diagnostic evaluations and evidence‐based remediation. LPLC grew organically as its expertise, client demand, and resources allowed. It has helped more than 100,000 children, has trained thousands of teachers to improve reading outcomes in their classrooms, and is recognized today as a research leader in the fields of learning disabilities and early literacy. It makes a sustainable difference every day in the lives of individual children and their families. The article focuses on such touchstones as mission/daily compass, the value of collaboration and being a “learning institution”— meaning, “an institution that learns.” Organizational takeaways are provided, as the author asserts that LPLC's experience has relevance for institutions beyond the field of education and for leaders who seek to effect meaningful change in their communities.
Interpreting mortuary treatment from histological bone diagenesis: A case study from Neolithic Çatalhöyük
Authors: Goren Haley P. , Agarwal Sabrina C. , Beauchesne Patrick 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study examines the evidence for differential mortuary practices at the Neolithic site of Çatalhöyük, in Anatolia, Turkey, using the histological examination of bacterial microbioerosion in archaeological human bone. In order to analyse bacterial microbioerosion, thin sections were prepared from the midshaft of thoracic ribs 6–8, of n = 162 individuals (adults and juveniles) and analysed using qualitative analysis of microscopic focal destructive changes with polarized light microscopy. The extent of destructive change was assessed, and the degree of preservation was examined using the Oxford Histological Index. Individual, in situ interment was assessed using burial and skeletal data. Results show no differences in histological bacterial microbioerosion between male and female burials, but histological preservation was seen to differ between juveniles and adults, findings that are interpreted as the result of differential mortuary practices at the time of death. The challenges and potential of examining recurring taphonomic signatures in bone histology and their relationship to differential burial practices are discussed.
Optimized parameters using Box–Behnken design methodology facilitate enhanced phenol degradation of Bacillus cereus PB1 by immobilization and adsorption
Authors: Radhathirumalaiarasu Selvaraj , Mahalakshmi Graham Karthikeyan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPhenolic compounds are toxic organic pollutants that are released into the environment through wastewater discharged from several industries. Biodegradation is considered as a most suitable ecofriendly approach for the removal of phenolic waste. Experiments were conducted based on response surface methodology in the batch system to evaluate the requirement of optimum inoculum density, phenol concentration, and incubation period for degradation phenol by strain Bacillus cereus PB1 isolated from polluted site. Box–Behnken design used to analyze the interactions among variables for maximum phenol degradation. Results show optimized parameters of 1% (v/v) initial inoculums, 650 mg L−1 of phenol concentration, and 36 hours of incubation period enhance phenol degradation (402 mg L−1). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted, and the F‐value was 302.77, which implies that the model is significant. The predicted R‐squared of 0.9590 is close to the adjusted R‐squared of 0.9941, and the P value gives the significance of the coefficient and also indicates the pattern of interactions between the coefficients. Further immobilization experiments performed under an optimized condition infer improved phenol degradation by immobilized cells (464.52 mg L−1). An attempt to investigate the supplementation of culture for increasing adsorption efficiency along with thermally treated rice straw proven about 96.56% of phenol removal.
Multimodal Acting and Performing
Authors: Lavender Andy 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis chapter considers how one might understand the work of actors and performers with reference to ideas of multimodality. The actor is not a ‘medium’ in the way of the media types in which she performs (theatre, film, radio drama, etc.). Yet, the actor does have a communicative function. It is argued that the modes of communicative media operate in a contemporary field of modal expansion, interrelation and transposition and that an account of acting and performing that considers such a field amends the longstanding focus on the actor’s ‘intention’ and ‘presence’. Instead, such an account delineates a technical infrastructure that suggests new insights into the actor’s work. Is the actor’s mode of performing expressed, shaped or constrained by the shifting media modalities in which her or his work is conveyed? The chapter examines instances of performances in theatre, in film, in ‘reality trend’ events and online.
The Impact of Digital Text
Authors: Pae Hye K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses reading on screen and in print, as the emergence of digital age has transformed our reading and attention. Digital reading reshapes the concept of reading with the use of various forms of social media that are full of acronyms and emoticons or emoji. Advantages and disadvantages of reading on screen and in print are reviewed. The effects of digitally-mediated text on information processing and reading comprehension are also discussed. Although reading online has merits, such as convenience, low cost, and easy accessibility, readers are likely to scan through an F-shaped gaze pattern. The use of digital media may have a significant influence on brain networks due to the brain’s adaptability and accommodating abilities. Digital text that includes more images and visual aids than hardcopy text may lead to more balanced brain functions. This may have implications for reduced script relativity in the future.
The Consequences of Reading: The Reading Brain
Authors: Pae Hye K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis chapter discusses the consequences of reading in terms of the reading brain. As a holistic view of the mind’s software, the ecosystem of reading is used as a theoretical framework, which includes microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem. The ecological system of reading particularly focuses on the reader’s mind as the microsystem and on language and script (i.e., oracy and literacy) as the mesosystem within the interrelated networks of the biological basis, cognitive characteristics, and the sociocultural dimensions of learning and reading. The discussion continues to cover the similarities and differences between oracy and literacy. Finally, the reading brain is discussed with respect to the cognitive impact of reading. The literate brain shows a stable cerebral architecture and neural networks specifically attuned to reading in the left occipito-temporal region.
Linguistic Evidence for Script Relativity
Authors: Pae Hye K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUsing theuniversal grammar of readingand thesystem accommodation hypothesis(Perfetti, 2003) as theoretical frameworks, this chapter reviews a wide range of linguistic evidence that supportsscript relativity. Universality and specificity found according to script features are discussed with respect to the operating principle (alphabet vs. logography), psycholinguistic gran size (phoneme vs. syllable), graph configuration (linearity vs. block), symbolic representation (arbitrariness vs. iconic quality), graph complexity (traditional characters vs. simplified characters), and multi-script representation (phonogram Kana vs. Ideogram Kanji). Linguistic skills associated with reading in terms of orthography, phonology, morphology as well as cross-linguistic and cross-scriptal transfer are reviewed. Next, based on the reviewed literature, each criterion for causality from script to cognition through reading as a multifaceted cognitive activity is checked. Although the existing literature did not aim to directly test script relativity, research findings collectively suggest script effects on readers’ thought and cognition.
Pathway Activity Score Learning for Dimensionality Reduction of Gene Expression Data
Authors: Karagiannaki Ioulia , Pantazis Yannis , Chatzaki Ekaterini , Tsamardinos Ioannis 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMolecular gene-expression datasets consist of samples with tens of thousands of measured quantities (e.g., high dimensional data). However, there exist lower-dimensional representations that retain the useful information. We present a novel algorithm for such dimensionality reduction called Pathway Activity Score Learning (PASL). The major novelty of PASL is that the constructed features directly correspond to known molecular pathways and can be interpreted as pathway activity scores. Hence, unlike PCA and similar methods, PASL’s latent space has a relatively straight-forward biological interpretation. As a use-case, PASL is applied on two collections of breast cancer and leukemia gene expression datasets. We show that PASL does retain the predictive information for disease classification on new, unseen datasets, as well as outperforming PLIER, a recently proposed competitive method. We also show that differential activation pathway analysis provides complementary information to standard gene set enrichment analysis. The code is available athttps://github.com/mensxmachina/PASL.
Pseudo-Goldstone dark matter: gravitational waves and direct-detection blind spots
Authors: Alanne Tommi , Benincasa Nico , Heikinheimo Matti , Kannike Kristjan , Keus Venus , Koivunen Niko , Tuominen Kimmo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pseudo-Goldstone dark matter is a thermal relic with momentum-suppressed direct-detection cross section. We study the most general model of pseudo-Goldstone dark matter arising from the complex-singlet extension of the Standard Model. The new U(1) symmetry of the model is explicitly broken down to a CP-like symmetry stabilising dark matter. We study the interplay of direct-detection constraints with the strength of cosmic phase transitions and possible gravitational-wave signals. While large U(1)-breaking interactions can generate a large direct-detection cross section, there are blind spots where the cross section is suppressed. We find that sizeable cubic couplings can give rise to a first-order phase transition in the early universe. We show that there exist regions of the parameter space where the resulting gravitational-wave signal can be detected in future by the proposed Big Bang Observer detector.
Cumulants of multiple conserved charges and global conservation laws
Authors: Vovchenko Volodymyr , Poberezhnyuk Roman V. , Koch Volker 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We analyze the behavior of cumulants of conserved charges in a subvolume of a thermal system with exact global conservation laws by extending a recently developed subensemble acceptance method (SAM) [1] to multiple conserved charges. Explicit expressions for all diagonal and off-diagonal cumulants up to sixth order that relate them to the grand canonical susceptibilities are obtained. The derivation is presented for an arbitrary equation of state with an arbitrary number of different conserved charges. The global conservation effects cancel out in any ratio of two second order cumulants, in any ratio of two third order cumulants, as well as in a ratio of strongly intensive measures Σ and ∆ involving any two conserved charges, making all these quantities particularly suitable for theory-to-experiment comparisons in heavy-ion collisions. We also show that the same cancellation occurs in correlators of a conserved charge, like the electric charge, with any non-conserved quantity such as net proton or net kaon number. The main results of the SAM are illustrated in the framework of the hadron resonance gas model. We also elucidate how net-proton and net-Λ fluctuations are affected by conservation of electric charge and strangeness in addition to baryon number.
Automatic balance mechanisms for notional defined contribution pension systems guaranteeing social adequacy and financial sustainability: an application to the Italian pension system
Authors: Devolder Pierre , Levantesi Susanna , Menzietti Massimiliano 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSince the mid 1990s some European countries (including Italy) implemented a Notional Defined Contribution (NDC) pension system. Such a system is based on pay-as-you-go funding, while the pension amount is a function of the individual lifelong contribution. Despite many appealing features, the NDC system presents some drawbacks: first, it is vulnerable to demographic and economic shocks compromising the financial sustainability; second, it could fail to guarantee adequate pension benefits to pensioners. In order to reduce the first limit, automatic balance mechanisms (ABMs) have been proposed in literature and also implemented in Sweden, while solutions that combine financial sustainability and social adequacy have been applied only in a pay-as-you-go point system. The aim of this paper is to insert into the Italian NDC architecture ABMs that preserve social adequacy under financial sustainability constraints. Godinez-Olivares et al. (Insur Math Econ 69:117–126, 2016) built ABMs for a Defined Benefit pension system using nonlinear optimization techniques to calculate the optimal paths of the control variables representing the main drivers of the system: contribution rate, retirement age and indexation of pensions. Following this line of research, we have developed a nonlinear optimization model for the Italian NDC system based on three control variables: pensions indexation, notional rate and contribution rate. The objective function considers both social adequacy and contribution rate sustainability, under liquidity and sustainability constraints. In the numerical application we apply the model to the Italian pension system and test the sensitivity of the results to different economic scenarios and objective function parameters.
Norms of Testimony in Broad Interdisciplinarity: The Case of Quantum Mechanics in Critical Theory
Authors: Jaksland Rasmus 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhile much interdisciplinarity brings together proximate fields, broad interdisciplinarity sees integration between disciplines that are perceived to be non-neighboring. This paper argues that the heterogeneity among disciplines in broad interdisciplinarity calls for stricter epistemic norms of testimony for experts that act as translators between the disciplines than those suggested for intra-scientific testimony. The paper is structured around two case studies: the affective turn in social theorizing and the use of quantum mechanics in critical theory as exemplified by Vicky Kirby’s use of work by Karen Barad. These are argued to be instances of broad interdisciplinary borrowing where few translators have joint expertise in both disciplines. For most, therefore, the engagement with for instance the integration between quantum mechanics and critical theory is possible only by the aid of translators. For those without sufficient interactional expertise, however, the epistemic credentials of the translations they inevitably rely upon are inscrutable. Furthermore, any comparison between translations is challenged since translations are argued to be few due to the cognitive divergence between disciplines in broad interdisciplinarity. Consequently, the epistemic integrity of broad interdisciplinarity can only be secured through additional norms of testimony for translators. The paper proposes that (a) all translator’s testimony in broad interdisciplinarity must aim to be neutral with respect to disputed issues within the relevant disciplines and (b) any deviation from (a) must be clearly highlighted.
Stress macht Zellen resistent gegen Folsäure-basierte Chemotherapeutika
Authors: Ahrends Robert , Medenbach Jan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe unfolded protein response (UPR), a cellular stress response pathway, is broadly implicated in disease and resistance to therapy. The molecular mechanisms that drive stress-mediated chemoresistance are, however, only poorly understood. We have employed a multiomics approach to determine UPR-induced gene regulation, revealing the UPR regulon. We further observe metabolic rewiring upon stress and resistance to Methotrexate, a widely-employed therapeutic reagent. The precise molecular characterization of the pathway driving resistance might lead to novel concepts in cancer therapy.
Schnellnachweis von SARS-CoV-2 mit recombinase polymerase amplification
Authors: Behrmann Ole , Bachmann Iris , Hufert Frank , Dame Gregory 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic highlights the need for fast and simple assays for nucleic acid detection. As an isothermal alternative to RT-qPCR, we outline the development of a detection scheme for SARS-CoV-2 RNA based on reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) technology. RPA uses recombination proteins in combination with a DNA polymerase for rapid amplification of target DNA at a constant temperature (39–42 °C) within 10 to 20 minutes and can be monitored in real-time with fluorescent probes.
Paths to resettlement: understanding the interplay of work and other factors in journeys out of homelessness
Authors: MCNEILL JENNY , BOWPITT GRAHAM 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPaid employment has been viewed by successive governments in the UK as critical in making transitions out of homelessness, even when combined with problems like substance misuse, criminality or mental ill health. This article presents evidence from a study that sought to subject this belief to critical examination by exploring the relationship between promoting employability and other aspects of resettlement in the lives of a sample of thirty people experiencing homelessness and complex needs. Participants were interviewed twice at six to nine-month intervals to explore their changing motivations and perceptions of housing, work, relationships and hopes for the future.Analysis used ‘pathways’ imagery to locate participants along an integrated pathway to understand how these factors related to one another in the pursuit of resettlement. We conclude that all respondents valued work, but its pursuit depended on the structural obstacles that participants faced. People’s location along a resettlement pathway was determined by their sense of control over circumstances, their success in overcoming barriers and the presence of significant others in their lives, and the pursuit of employment among homeless people needs to take account of progress in their resettlement journeys and the place of work in their aspirations.
Atmospheric Warming Drives Growth in Arctic Sea Ice: A Key Role for Snow
Authors: Bigdeli A. , Nguyen A. T. , Pillar H. R. , Ocaña V. , Heimbach P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA number of feedbacks regulate the response of Arctic sea ice to local atmospheric warming. Using a realistic coupled ocean‐sea ice model and its adjoint, we isolate a mechanism by which significant ice growth at the end of the melt season may occur as a lagged response to Arctic atmospheric warming. A series of perturbation simulations informed by adjoint model‐derived sensitivity patterns reveal the enhanced ice growth to be accompanied by a reduction of snow thickness on the ice pack. Detailed analysis of ocean‐ice‐snow heat budgets confirms the essential role of the reduced snow thickness for persistence and delayed overshoot of ice growth. The underlying mechanism is a snow‐melt‐conductivity feedback, wherein atmosphere‐driven snow melt leads to a larger conductive ocean heat loss through the overlying ice layer. Our results highlight the need for accurate observations of snow thickness to constrain climate models and to initialize sea ice forecasts.
Applicability of a duplex and four singleplex real-time PCR assays for the qualitative and quantitative determination of wild boar and domestic pig meat in processed food products
Authors: Kaltenbrunner Maria , Mayer Walter , Kerkhoff Kirsten , Epp Rita , Rüggeberg Hermann , Hochegger Rupert , Cichna-Markl Margit 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAppropriate analytical methods are needed for the detection of food authentication. We investigated the applicability of a duplex real-time PCR assay targeting chromosome 1 and two singleplex real-time PCR assays targeting chromosome 9, both published recently, for the qualitative and quantitative determination of wild boar and domestic pig in processed food products. In addition, two singleplex real-time PCR assays targeting chromosome 7 were tested for their suitability to differentiate the two subspecies. Even by targeting the three genome loci, the probability of misclassification was not completely eliminated. Application of the real-time PCR assays to a total of 35 commercial meat products, including 22 goulash products, revealed that domestic pig DNA was frequently present, even in 14 out of 15 products declared to consist of 100% wild boar. Quantitative results obtained with the real-time PCR assays for wild boar (p < 0.001) and those for domestic pig (p < 0.001) were significantly different. However, the results obtained with the real-time PCR assays for wild boar (r = 0.673; p < 0.001) and those for domestic pig (r = 0.505; p = 0.002) were found to be significantly correlated. If the rules given in the paper are followed, the real-time PCR assays are applicable for routine analysis.