bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Probiotic Supplementation along with Calorie Restriction on Metabolic Endotoxemia, and Inflammation Markers in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: A Double Blind Placebo Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: moludi jalal , Kafil Hossein Samadi , Gholizadeh Pourya , Alizadeh Mohammad , Vayghyan Hamed Jafari 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Alterations in the gut microbiome (dysbiosis) has been associated with increased microbial translocation, leading to chronic inflammation in coronary artery disease (CAD). It has been proposed that modulation of gut microbiota by probiotic might modify metabolic endotoxemia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on metabolic endotoxemia, and marker of inflammation in CAD participants. Methods: This study was a 12-weeks randomized, double-blind, and intervention on 44 patients with CAD. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either one LGG capsule 1.6 ×109 colony-forming unit (CFU) or the placebo capsules for 12 weeks. In addition, all the participants were also prescribed a calorie-restricted diet. Serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: A significant decrease in IL1-Beta concentration (-1.88 ± 2.25, vs. 0.56 ± 1.58 mmol/L, P=0.027), and LPS levels (-5.20 ±2.70 vs. 2.96+ 5.27 mg/L, P=0.016), was observed after the probiotic supplementation compared with the placebo. Participants who had ≥2.5 kg weight loss showed signiﬁcantly improved cardiovascular-related factors, compared to patients with <2.5 kg weight reduction, regardless of the supplement they took.Conclusion: These data provide preliminary evidence that probiotic supplementation has beneficial effects on metabolic endotoxemia, and mega inflammation in participants with CAD.
Decorating the Surface of Escherichia Coli with Bacterial Lipoproteins: A Comparative Analysis of Different Display Systems
Authors: Nicchi Sonia , Giuliani Maria , Giusti Fabiola , Pancotto Laura , Maione Domenico , Delany Isabel , Galeotti Cesira L. , Brettoni Cecilia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The display of recombinant proteins on cell surfaces has a plethora of applications including vaccine development, screening of peptide libraries, whole-cell biocatalysts and biosensor development for diagnostic, industrial or environmental purposes. In the last decades, a wide variety of surface display systems have been developed for the exposure of recombinant proteins on the surface of Escherichia coli, such as autotransporters and outer membrane proteins.Results: In this study, we assess three approaches for the surface display of a panel of heterologous and homologous mature lipoproteins in E. coli: four from Neisseria meningitidis and four from the host strain that are known to be localised in the inner leaflet of the outer membrane. Constructs were made carrying the sequences coding for eight mature lipoproteins, each fused to the delivery portion of three different systems: the autotransporter adhesin involved in diffuse adherence-I (AIDA-I) from enteropathogenic E. coli, the Lpp’OmpA chimaera and a truncated form of the ice nucleation protein (INP), InaK-NC (N-terminal domain fused with C-terminal one) from Pseudomonas syringae. In contrast to what was observed for the INP constructs, when fused to the AIDA-I or Lpp’OmpA, most of the mature lipoproteins were displayed on the bacterial surface both at 37°C and 25°C as demonstrated by FACS analysis, confocal and transmission electron microscopy.Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first study that compares surface display systems using a number of passenger proteins. We have shown that the experimental conditions, including the choice of the carrier protein and the growth temperature, play an important role in the translocation of mature lipoproteins onto the bacterial surface. Despite all the optimization steps performed with the InaK-NC anchor motif, surface exposure of the passenger proteins used in this study was not achieved. For our experimental conditions, Lpp’OmpA chimaera has proved to be an efficient surface display system for the homologous passenger proteins although cell lysis and phenotype heterogeneity were observed. Finally, , AIDA-I was found to be the best surface display system for mature lipoproteins (especially heterologous ones) in the E. coli host strain with no inhibition of growth and only limited phenotype heterogeneity.
Terahertz response of monolayer and few-layer WTe_2 at the nanoscale
Authors: Jing Ran , Shao Yinming , Fei Zaiyao , Lo Chiu Fan Bowen , Ruta Francesco , Staunton John , McLeod Alexander , Sun Zhiyuan , Chen Xinzhong , Fogler Michael , Liu Mengkun , Cobden David , Xu Xiaodong , Basov Dmitri 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Tungsten ditelluride (WTe_2) is a transition metal dichalcogenide whose physical properties depend critically on the number of layers. In this paper, we use apertureless scattering-type near-field optical microscopy operating at Terahertz (THz) frequencies and cryogenic temperatures to identify distinct THz range electromagnetic behavior of WTe_2 mono-, bi- and tri-layer terraces in the same micro-crystals. We observed clear metallic behavior of the near-field signal on tri-layer regions. Our data are consistent with the existence of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) in the THz range confined to tri-layer terraces in our specimens. The near-field signal on bi-layer regions surprisingly shows moderately metallicity, but with negligible temperature dependence. Subdiffractional THz imaging data together with theoretical calculations considering thermally activated carriers favor the semimetal scenario over the semiconductor scenario for bi-layer WTe_2. THz images for monolayer terraces uncovered weakly insulating behavior consistent with transport data.
Robust single-cell discovery of RNA targets of RNA binding proteins and ribosomes
Authors: Brannan Kristopher , Chaim Isaac , Yee Brian , Marina Ryan , Lorenz Daniel , Dong Kevin , Madrigal Assael , Yeo Gene 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are critical regulators of gene expression and RNA processing that are required for gene function. Yet, the dynamics of RBP regulation in single cells is unknown. To address this gap in understanding, we developed STAMP (Surveying Targets by APOBEC Mediated Profiling), which efficiently detects RBP-RNA interactions. STAMP does not rely on UV-crosslinking or immunoprecipitation and, when coupled with single-cell capture, can identify RBP- and cell type-specific RNA-protein interactions for multiple RBPs and cell types in single-pooled experiments. Pairing STAMP with long-read sequencing also yields RBP target sites for full-length isoforms. Finally, conducting STAMP using small ribosomal subunits (Ribo-STAMP) allows analysis of transcriptome-wide ribosome association in single cells. STAMP enables the study of RBP-RNA interactomes and translational landscapes with unprecedented cellular resolution.
Ion adsorption-induced reversible polarization switching of a van der Waals layered ferroelectric
Authors: Xu Dong-Dong , Ma Ru-Ru , Fu Ai-Ping , Guan Zhao , Zhong Ni , peng Hui , Xiang Pinghua , Duan Chun-Gang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Solid-liquid interface is a key concept of many research fields, enabling numerous physical phenomena and practical applications. For example, electrode-electrolyte interfaces with electric double layers have been widely used in energy storage and regulating physical properties of functional materials. Creating a specific interface allows emergent functionalities and effects. Here, we show the artificial control of ferroelectric-liquid interfacial structures to switch polarization states reversibly in a van der Waals layered ferroelectric CuInP2S6. We discover that upward and downward polarization states can be induced by spontaneous physical adsorption of anions [DDBS] and cations [DEME], respectively, at the ferroelectric-liquid interface. This distinctive approach circumvents the structural damage of CIPS caused by Cu-ion conductivity during electrical switching process. Moreover, the polarized state features super-long retention time (> 1 year). The interplay between ferroelectric dipoles and adsorbed organic ions has been studied systematically by comparative experiments and first-principles calculations. Such ion adsorption-induced reversible polarization switching in a van der Waals ferroelectric enriches the functionalities of solid-liquid interfaces, offering opportunities for liquid-controlled two-dimensional ferroelectric-based devices.
Electric-field control of field-free spin-orbit torque switching via laterally modulated Rashba effect in Pt/Co/AlOx structures
Authors: Kang Min-Gu , Choi Jong-Guk , Jeong Jimin , Park Jae Yeol , Park Hyeon-Jong , Yuk Jong Min , Lee Kyung-Jin , Park Byong-Guk 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Spin-orbit coupling effect in structures with broken inversion symmetry, known as the Rashba effect, facilitates spin-orbit torques (SOTs) in heavy metal/ferromagnet/oxide structures, along with the spin Hall effect. Electric-field control of the Rashba effect is established for semiconductor interfaces, but it is challenging in structures involving metals owing to the screening effect. Here, we report that the Rashba effect in Pt/Co/AlOx structures is laterally modulated by electric voltages, generating out-of-plane SOTs. This enables field-free switching of the perpendicular magnetization and electrical control of the switching polarity. Changing the gate oxide reverses the sign of out-of-plane SOT while maintaining the same sign of voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy, which confirms the Rashba effect at the Co/oxide interface is a key ingredient of the electric-field modulation. The electrical control of SOT switching polarity in a reversible and non-volatile manner can be utilized for programmable logic operations in spintronic logic-in-memory devices.
Interventions to Reduce Benzodiazepine and Sedative-Hypnotic Drug Use in Acute Care Hospitals: A Scoping Review
Authors: Neville Heather L , Granter Courtney , Adibi Pegah , Belliveau Julia , Isenor Jennifer E , Bowles Susan K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics (BZD/SHD) are commonly utilized in the acute care setting for insomnia and anxiety and are associated with cognitive impairment, falls, fractures, and increased mortality. Interventions to reduce use of BZD/SHD in hospitals are not well characterized. The objective of the scoping review was to identify and characterize interventions to reduce the use of BZD/SHD by adults for anxiety and sedation in hospitals.Methods We included studies and abstracts published in English that described an intervention to reduce BZD/SHD in adult hospital patients. Six databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science) and the grey literature (Opengrey, Grey Matters, Google Advanced) were searched up to July 2018. Titles and abstracts were screened and full-text articles were reviewed for potential inclusion by three independent reviewers. Data on each eligible study was charted in a Microsoft Excel® database. Stakeholder consultation occurred before and after the scoping review was completed. Results There were 9480 records identified from all sources and 35 studies were included in the scoping review. Included studies were divided into two categories that emerged from stakeholder feedback: sedatives prescribed in hospital or home medications. The most common study designs were pre-/post-test (24, 68.6%) and randomized controlled trials (6, 17.1%). The majority of studies tested a single intervention (28, 80%) and these were most commonly education, relaxation training and sleep protocols. Patients were frequently the target of relaxation training and behavior change interventions, while sleep protocols, multifaceted interventions and education were usually directed at healthcare providers, either alone or in combination with patients. Most studies reported positive outcomes in decreasing BZD/SHD use (23, 65.7%), including some that were statistically significant (13, 37.1%). Conclusions This scoping review found a variety of interventions aimed at decreasing the utilization of BZD/SHD in the acute care setting, where previously little was known. Current literature addressed the initiation of BZD/SHD in hospital, rather than chronic medications that had been prescribed in the community. Stakeholder consultation supported these findings and pointed out important factors to consider when designing an intervention for hospital patients. Registration: Open Science Framework, https://osf.io/u7s4h/?view_only=15a9b9134be743b6a4177ba2eec9e91a
Resolving Whether Inhalation of Depleted Uranium Contributed to Gulf War Illness Using High-Sensitivity Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Parrish Randall , Haley Robert 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Of the hypothesized causes of Gulf War Illness (GWI), a chronic multi-symptom illness afflicting approximately 25 percent of >700,000 military personnel deployed to the 1991 Gulf War, depleted uranium (DU) and exposure to nerve agents have stimulated the most intense international concern. Past depleted uranium research on Gulf War veterans has measured urinary uranium concentration [U] and uranium isotopic ratios with low precision mass spectrometry primarily in GW veterans with retained shrapnel but has not used high precision mass spectrometry to test for an association of GWI with inhaled DU and we set out to test this potential association. Methods: We applied a standard biokinetic model to predict the urinary total [U] and uranium isotopic ratios in urine 18 years after inhalation exposure. We applied high sensitivity mass spectrometry methods capable of detecting the predicted levels in 154 individuals of a population-representative sample of U.S. veterans in whom Gulf War illness had been determined by standard case definitions and DU inhalation exposures obtained by medical history. Results: Methods used in past studies are capable of detecting only the high urinary uranium excretion levels from retained DU shrapnel but not lower levels predicted from DU inhalation. Using high precision mass spectrometry, we found no difference in the 238U/235U ratio in veterans meeting the standard case definitions of GWI versus control veterans, and no differences by levels of DU inhalation exposure. Our bivariate analysis of 236U/238U by 235U/238U showed only the signature of natural dietary uranium, excluding DU inhalation exposures above 0.4 mg, far below the disease-causing threshold. Conclusion: The findings by high precision mass spectrometry support the conclusion that even the highest levels of DU inhalation played no role in the development of Gulf War illness. Other factors including exposure to aerosolized organophosphate compounds (pesticides and sarin nerve agent) remain as the most likely cause(s) of GWI.
Association Between MTNR1B Polymorphisms and Obesity in African American: Findings From The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Tosini Gianluca , Tchio Cynthia Ines Mantho , Musani Solomon K. , Quarshie Alexander 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Melatonin is a hormone secreted at night by the pineal gland that exerts its function by binding to MT1 and MT2 receptors encoded respectively by the MTNR1A and MTNR1B gene. Melatonin receptors are integral 7-transmembrane receptors called G-protein coupled receptors. Previous studies found that MTNR1B variants were associated with impairments in insulin secretion and increased body mass index (BMI) in individuals of European and Asian ancestries. Obesity is highly prevalent in the US, and disproportionately affect African Americans. We hypothesized here that common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) imputed in 1000 Genomes in the MTNR1B gene are associated with adiposity in African American adult men and women, and that the association is modified by insomnia. Results: We used an additive genetic model to describe the association between adiposity traits (BMI and waist circumference) and selected MTNR1B variants in 3,029 Jackson Heart Study participants with the average age 55.13±12.84 and 62% women. We regressed adiposity measures on the estimated allelic or genotypic dosage at every selected SNP and adjusted for age, sex, population stratification, and insomnia. Thirty common SNPs spanning the MTNR1B gene with minor allele frequency ≥5%, call rate ≥ 90%, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium p-value > 10-6 were available for analysis. Conclusions: We found that allele T of rs76371840 was associated with adiposity (OR=1.47 [1.13 - 1.82]; PFDR-adjusted =0.0499 ), and allele A of rs8192552 showed significant association with waist circumference (β = 0.023 ± 0.007; PFDR-adjusted ­ =0.0077) after correcting for multiple testing. When insomnia was included in the model for the analysis of adiposity, the following four variants became significantly associated with adiposity; rs6483208, rs4388843, rs4601728, and rs12804291. In conclusion, our data indicate that polymorphisms in the MTNR1B gene are associated with obesity traits in African Americans.
The Importance of SARS-CoV-2 N-Ag Serodiagnostics for the Management of COVID-19 Pneumonia in Hospital Settings
Authors: Lebedin Yuri S. , Lyang Olga V. , Galstyan Anaida G. , Panteleeva Anna V. , Belousov Vsevolod V. , Rebrikov Denis 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We report evaluation of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid antigen (N-Ag) and respective antibodies as diagnostic markers in pneumonia patients. The study was conducted at the height of COVID-19 pandemic in Moscow, Russia. It included 425 emergency patients with clinical signs of COVID-19 pneumonia, of which 280 (66%) were positive for either serum N-Ag and/or its respective antibodies. We demonstrate the total prevalence of N-Ag seroconversion in SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia patients within 3-5 days after hospital admission. The results indicate high feasibility of SARS-CoV-2 serodiagnostics in emergency patients.
The Novel TRPA1 Antagonist BI01305834 Inhibits Ovalbumin-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Guinea Pigs
Authors: Berg Mariska van den , Brinksma Susan Nijboer - , Bos Sophie , Berge Maarten van den , Lamb David , Faassen Martijn van , Kema Ido , Gosens Reinoud , Kistemaker Loes 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: We hypothesized that TRPA1 channels contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation in asthma. We evaluated the efficacy of the novel TRPA1 antagonist BI01305834 in a guinea pig model of asthma. Methods: First a pilot study was performed in a guinea pig model of allergic asthma to find the optimal dose of BI01305834. Next, the effect of BI01305834 on AHR to inhaled histamine after the early and late asthmatic reaction (EAR and LAR), magnitude of EAR and LAR and airway inflammation was assessed. Precision-cut lung slices and trachea strips were used to investigate the bronchoprotective and bronchodilating effect of BI01305834. Statistical evaluation of differences of in vivo data was performed using a Mann-Whitney U test or One-way nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, for ex vivo data One- or Two-way ANOVA was used, all with Dunnett’s post-hoc test where appropriate.Results: A dose of 1 mg/kg BI01305834 was selected based on AHR and exposure data in blood samples from the pilot study. In the subsequent study 1 mg/kg BI01305834 inhibited AHR after the EAR, and the development of EAR and LAR elicited by ovalbumin in ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs. BI01305834 did not inhibit allergen-induced total and differential cells in the lavage fluid and interleukin-13 gene expression in lung homogenates. Furthermore, BI01305834 was able to inhibit allergen and histamine-induced airway narrowing in guinea pig lung slices, without affecting histamine release, and reverse allergen-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pig trachea strips.Conclusions: TRPA1 inhibition protects against AHR and the EAR and LAR in vivo and allergen and histamine-induced airway narrowing ex vivo, and reverses allergen-induced bronchoconstriction, independently of inflammation. This effect was partially dependent upon histamine, suggesting a neuronal and possible non-neuronal role for TRPA1 in allergen-induced bronchoconstriction.
Is the preservation of the left colic artery an ideal choice for colorectal cancer surgery? A meta-analysis
Authors: Qu Ruize , Li Fei , Wang Bingyan , Lu Siyi , Ma Junren , Ma Yanpeng , Meng Yan , Wang Junwei , Zhou Xin , Fu Wei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Left colic artery (LCA) preservation or non-preservation in radical resection for colorectal cancer is still under debate. This study aimed to compare the perioperative and oncological outcomes between the two procedures.Methods: Systematic search was performed in PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases for relevant randomized and non-randomized clinical trials published between 2011 and 2019. The primary endpoints were 5-year overall survival (OS), 5-year disease-free survival (DFS), total lymph nodes harvested, and anastomotic leakage. Secondary endpoints included the number of metastatic lymph nodes, intraoperative blood loss, urinary dysfunction, bowel obstruction, and operation time. Results: Twenty-eight studies with 10545 patients (LCA non-preservation surgery, 4920; LCA preservation surgery, 5625) were included. Data of 7142 rectal cancer patients (LCA non-preservation surgery, 3468; LCA preservation surgery, 3674) were extracted for subgroup analysis. There was significantly lower incidence of anastomotic leakage (odds ratio=1.21; 95% confidence interval |1.04, 1.41|; P=0.015) in colorectal cancer patients with LCA preservation. When rectal cancer was independently analyzed, no significant difference was found in anastomotic leakage between the groups. There were significantly more metastatic lymph nodes and significantly shorter operation time in colorectal cancer and rectal cancer patients with LCA non-preservation. No significant difference was found regarding 5-year OS, 5-year DFS, total lymph nodes harvested, intraoperative blood loss, urinary dysfunction, and bowel obstruction for colorectal and rectal cancer.Conclusions: LCA non-preservation was not proved to increase anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer surgery and was associated with more harvested metastatic lymph nodes and shorter operation time. Trial registration: A review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020183906) and http://www.researchregistry.com (registration number: reviewregistry841).