bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of Caveolin-1 Is Associated With Thyroid Function in Patients With Human Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jingyi , Yan Dongxia , He Lianping , Zhang Qing , Wen Shuang , Liu Peiyu , Zhou Hong , Peng Yongde 
Published: April 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of caveolin-1 in thyroid follicular epithelial cells of papillary thyroid cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, and nonmalignant thyroid nodule benign follicular adenoma, as well as to explore the relationship between the levels of caveolin-1 and thyroid function. Methods: Thirty cases of papillary thyroid cancer, 10 cases of follicular thyroid cancer, 32 cases of nonmalignant thyroid nodule benign follicular adenoma, and 30 controls were enrolled in this study. Caveolin-1 expression in tissue specimens obtained from these cases was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results: Caveolin-1 expression in thyroid epithelial cells of patients with papillary thyroid cancer, particularly female patients, was significantly higher than that in patients with follicular thyroid cancer and nonmalignant thyroid nodule benign follicular adenoma ( P < .005). Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in the caveolin-1-positive expression group were lower than that in the caveolin-1-negative expression group, and the lowest expression of caveolin-1 was detected in tissues of patients with Graves’ disease. The serum TSH level was associated with caveolin-1 expression in thyroid epithelial cells. Conclusion: Caveolin-1 may participate in regulating thyroid function and is a potential biomarker of follicular thyroid cancer.
The influence of breast cancer related lymphedema on women’s return-to-work
Authors: Sun Yuanlu , Shigaki Cheryl L , Armer Jane M 
Published: April 2020

Background: Lymphedema is one of the major treatment complications following breast cancer surgery and radiation. As the majority of women who develop breast cancer are at the age of employment, occupational functioning and employment are issues of concern. This study is novel in exploring the ways that lymphedema affects their work experience. Methods: A multiple-case study methodology drawn from Yin’s definition was employed. A total of 13 female survivors who developed breast cancer–related lymphedema participated by completing a survey and a 60-min semi-structured interview. Results: Four main themes emerged: (1) breast cancer–related lymphedema affects physical and emotional functioning associated with work; (2) ongoing treatment for breast cancer–related lymphedema creates challenges for work; (3) environmental factors affect the return-to-work experience; and (4) personal factors play a key role in adjusting to return-to-work. Conclusion: Both breast cancer–related lymphedema and its treatment have direct and indirect effects on work, with environmental and personal factors also shaping the work-return experience. This study suggests that breast cancer survivors with lymphedema who wish to return to work face potential barriers, and that gaps remain in the availability of supports.
Lymphatic Decompression Concomitant With Fontan/Kreutzer Procedure: Early Experience
Authors: Kreutzer Christian , Klinger Daniel Alberto , Chiostri Benjamin , Sendoya Santiago , Daneri Mariana Lopez , Gutierrez Augusto , Fraire Rafael Alfredo , Torres Silvio Fabio 
Published: April 2020

Objective: To present a strategy for identifying patients at risk of lymphatic failure in the setting of planned Fontan/Kreutzer completion, allowing a tailored surgical approach. Methods: Since January 2017, clinical evaluation before performance of the Fontan/Kreutzer procedure included T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lymphangiography. Thoracic lymphatic abnormalities were categorized using a scale of I to IV according to progression of severity. Patients with severe lymphatic abnormalities (types III and IV) underwent Fontan/Kreutzer with lymphatic decompression via connection of the left jugular–subclavian junction containing the thoracic duct to the systemic atrium (group A). Results: Thirteen patients were enrolled. Magnetic resonance imaging showed type I abnormalities in four cases (30.7%), II in four (30.7%), III in two (15.3%), and IV in three (23.3%). Patients in types III and IV underwent a Fontan/Kreutzer with lymphatic decompression (group A, n = 5), while patients in types I and II underwent a fenestrated extracardiac Fontan/Kreutzer procedure without lymphatic decompression (group B, n = 8). Preoperatively, there were no differences in age, weight, ventricular dominance (right vs left), superior vena cava pressure, incidence of chylothorax after previous superior cavopulmonary anastomosis (Glenn), or need for concomitant procedures at Fontan/Kreutzer completion. There were no differences in procedural times between the groups, nor were there differences in mortalities and Fontan/Kreutzer takedowns. There were no statistically significant differences in early and late morbidity between the two groups with the exception of total volume of effusions output postoperatively. At median follow-up of 18 months (range, 4-28 months), all patients in group A are in New York Heart Association class 1 with no differences between groups in arterial oxygen saturation. Conclusions: Lymphatic decompression during Fontan/Kreutzer procedure was successfully performed in patients identified by MRI as predisposed to lymphatic failure. A larger cohort of patients and longer follow-up are required to determine the efficacy of this approach in preventing early- and long-term Fontan/Kreutzer failure.
Efforts to Reduce Infections in Delayed Sternal Closure Patients: A Survey of Pediatric Practice
Authors: Woodward Cathy , Taylor Richard , Son Minnette , Taeed Roozbeh , Husain S. Adil 
Published: April 2020

Background: Pediatric patients with sternum left open after cardiac surgery experience a higher risk for sternal wound infection (SWI). These infections are costly for programs, payers, and patients and their families. Despite efforts by individual programs to reduce infections in patients undergoing delayed sternal closure (DSC), there are no established guidelines that address preventive procedures. The purpose of this study was to determine the practice of pediatric cardiac surgery programs to prevent infection in their DSC patients and if preventive measures were associated with less infections. Methods: A 33 question survey on institutional practices was sent to chief surgeons at pediatric cardiac surgery programs in the United States. Results: Twenty-eight (35%) surgical programs responded. The mean number of pediatric cardiac bypass operations performed by programs in 2016 was 227 (range: 69-872). Data represented 6,484 patients <18 years of age who underwent cardiac surgery with 807 (12%) of those undergoing DSC. One hundred fifty-eight (2.4%) of all patients and 51 (6.3%) of the DSC patients developed a SWI. Patients with DSC who received preoperative baths were less likely to become infected (5.9% vs 15.8%; P = .015). Patients in programs with feeding protocols had fewer infections (5.7% vs 14.8%; P = .008). Conclusions: The results of this survey of children’s cardiac surgery programs describe their practices to reduce infection rates in DSC patients. A multicenter project on wound care and closure techniques that might impact this costly complication is needed.
Liberating India: Contextualising Nationalism, Democracy and Dr Ambedkar
Authors: Raut Santosh I. 
Published: April 2020

Dr B. R. Ambedkar (1891–1956) is the principal architect of the Indian constitution and one of the most visionary leaders of India. He remains to this day a symbol of humanity. He is the father of Indian Democracy and a nation builder who shaped modern India. But his notion of nationalism and democracy envisioning an egalitarian society has rarely received adequate academic attention. His views on religion, how it affects socio-political behaviour, and what needs to be done to build an egalitarian society are unique. Such reflections in terms of nationalism and freedom of the people are of great significance in contemporary time in India and the world in general. This article attempts to analyse Ambedkar’s vision of nation and democracy. It also seeks to study how caste system is the major barrier to creating a true nation and a harmonious society. What role does religion play in society and politics? Can socio-spiritual values inspire to break down the barriers of caste differences to form an egalitarian society? History bears witness to instances where great minds empowered with deep contemplation on meeting with the suffering of the people (which in itself is both a prerequisite and an inseparable element of social reform and liberation), resulting in radical shifts in perception. Ambedkar is one such genius whose compassionate engagement and deep imagination envisioned the establishment of an ideal society based on non-discrimination and love.
Narrative comprehension and engagement with e-books vs. paper-books in autism spectrum condition
Authors: Wainwright Bethany R , Allen Melissa L , Cain Kate 
Published: April 2020

Background and aims Children with autism spectrum condition often have specific difficulties with narrative comprehension, a skill which has a strong association with both concurrent and longitudinal reading comprehension. A better understanding of narrative comprehension skills in autism spectrum condition has the potential to provide insight into potential later reading comprehension difficulties and inform early targeted intervention. In the current study, the main objective was to investigate how differences in the medium of story presentation (paper-book vs. e-book) and differences in story narration (adult narration vs. in-app narration) would influence narrative comprehension in general, and between groups (autism spectrum condition and a receptive language-matched control group). We were also interested in how task engagement (visual attention and communication) differed between group and conditions and whether task engagement was related to narrative comprehension. Method Forty-two children with autism spectrum condition and 42 typically developing children were read a story either via a paper-book or an e-book with interactive and multimedia features. The e-book was either narrated by the experimenter (adult narrated iPad condition) or narrated by an in-app voiceover (e-book narrated iPad condition). Children’s behaviour during storybook reading was video recorded and coded for engagement (visual attention and communication). They then completed two measures of narrative comprehension: multiple-choice questions (measuring recall of literal information) and a picture ordering task (measuring global story structure). Results Contrary to predictions, we did not find any significant group or condition differences on either measure of narrative comprehension, and both groups demonstrated a similar level of narrative comprehension across the three conditions. We found differences in engagement between conditions for both groups, with greater visual attention in the e-book conditions compared to the paper-book condition. However, visual attention only significantly correlated with narrative comprehension for the typically developing group. Conclusion Overall, this study suggests that children with autism spectrum condition are just as able as language-matched peers to comprehend a narrative from storybooks. Presenting a story on an iPad e-book compared to a paper-book does not influence narrative comprehension, nor does adult narration of the story compared to in-app narration. However, on-task engagement is linked to narrative comprehension in typically developing children. Implications: Taken together, our findings suggest that e-books may be more successful than paper-based mediums at encouraging visual attention towards the story, but no better at supporting narrative comprehension and eliciting communication.
Treatment of Eyes With Diabetic Macular Edema That Had a Suboptimal Response to Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy: 2-mg Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide vs 0.7-mg Dexamethasone Implant
Authors: Kuley Brandon , Storey Philip P. , Pancholy Maitri , Wibbelsman Turner D. , Obeid Anthony , Regillo Carl , Garg Sunir 
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This article compares 2-mg intravitreal triamcinolone (IVT) and 0.7-mg dexamethasone (DEX) implant for the treatment of diabetic macular edema in eyes that had a suboptimal response to antivascular endothelial growth factor therapy. Methods: A single-center, retrospective review was conducted of patients receiving either IVT between January 1, 2013, and January 1, 2018, or patients receiving DEX between October 1, 2015, and January 1, 2018. Visual acuity and central macular thickness (CMT) were recorded at visit of first injection and all subsequent visits. Results: Twenty-five eyes were included in the DEX group and 32 eyes were included in the IVT group. Change in vision from baseline was similar between DEX and IVT at 6-month follow-up (1.1 lines vs 2.3 lines, respectively; P = .24). Mean decrease in CMT from baseline was not different at 6-month follow-up (DEX: 120 µm vs IVT: 185 µm; P = .17). Conclusions: DEX and 2-mg IVT both achieved improvement in vision and CMT with no significant differences between treatment groups at 6-month follow-up.
Adhesion to fibronectin via α5β1 integrin supports expansion of the megakaryocyte lineage in primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Matsuura Shinobu , Thompson Cristal Reyna , Ng Seng Kah , Ward Christina Marie , Karagianni Aikaterini , Mazzeo Carla , Malara Alessandro , Balduini Alessandra , Ravid Katya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) is a hallmark of bone marrow (BM) milieu in primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Because cells have the ability to adhere to the surrounding ECM through integrin receptors, we examined the hypothesis that an abnormal ECM-integrin receptor axis contributes to BM megakaryocytosis in JAK2V617F+ PMF. Secretion of ECM protein fibronectin (FN) by BM stromal cells from PMF patients correlates with fibrosis and disease severity. Here, we show that Vav1-hJAK2V617F transgenic mice (JAK2V617F+) have high BM FN content associated with megakaryocytosis and fibrosis. Further, megakaryocytes from JAK2V617F+ mice have increased cell surface expression of the α5 subunit of the α5β1 integrin, the major FN receptor in megakaryocytes, and augmented adhesion to FN compared with wild-type controls. Reducing adhesion to FN by an inhibitory antibody to the α5 subunit effectively reduces the percentage of CD41+ JAK2V617F+ megakaryocytes in vitro and in vivo. Corroborating our findings in mice, JAK2V617F+ megakaryocytes from patients showed elevated expression of α5 subunit, and a neutralizing antibody to α5 subunit reduced adhesion to FN and megakaryocyte number derived from CD34+ cells. Our findings reveal a previously unappreciated contribution of FN-α5β1 integrin to megakaryocytosis in JAK2V617F+ PMF.
Treating neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction in glycogen storage disease type Ib with an SGLT2 inhibitor
Authors: Wortmann Saskia B. , Van Hove Johan L. K. , Derks Terry G. J. , Chevalier Nathalie , Knight Vijaya , Koller Andreas , Oussoren Esmee , Mayr Johannes A. , van Spronsen Francjan J. , Lagler Florian B. , Gaughan Sommer , Van Schaftingen Emile , Veiga-da-Cunha Maria 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction cause serious infections and inflammatory bowel disease in glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD-Ib). Our discovery that accumulating 1,5-anhydroglucitol-6-phosphate (1,5AG6P) caused neutropenia in a glucose-6-phosphatase 3 (G6PC3)–deficient mouse model and in 2 rare diseases (GSD-Ib and G6PC3 deficiency) led us to repurpose the widely used antidiabetic drug empagliflozin, an inhibitor of the renal glucose cotransporter sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2). Off-label use of empagliflozin in 4 GSD-Ib patients with incomplete response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) treatment decreased serum 1,5AG and neutrophil 1,5AG6P levels within 1 month. Clinically, symptoms of frequent infections, mucosal lesions, and inflammatory bowel disease resolved, and no symptomatic hypoglycemia was observed. GCSF could be discontinued in 2 patients and tapered by 57% and 81%, respectively, in the other 2. The fluctuating neutrophil numbers in all patients were increased and stabilized. We further demonstrated improved neutrophil function: normal oxidative burst (in 3 of 3 patients tested), corrected protein glycosylation (2 of 2), and normal neutrophil chemotaxis (1 of 1), and bactericidal activity (1 of 1) under treatment. In summary, the glucose-lowering SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin, used for type 2 diabetes, was successfully repurposed for treating neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction in the rare inherited metabolic disorder GSD-Ib without causing symptomatic hypoglycemia. We ascribe this to an improvement in neutrophil function resulting from the reduction of the intracellular concentration of 1,5AG6P.
Effect of Trace Addition of Ceramic on Microstructure Development and Mechanical Properties of Selective Laser Melted AlSi10Mg Alloy
Authors: Li Yuxin , Gu Dongdong , Zhang Han , Xi Lixia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSelective laser melting (SLM) is an emerging additive manufacturing technology for fabricating aluminum alloys and aluminum matrix composites. Nevertheless, it remains unclear how to improve the properties of laser manufactured aluminum alloy by adding ceramic reinforcing particles. Here the effect of trace addition of TiB2 ceramic (1% weight fraction) on microstructural and mechanical properties of SLM-produced AlSi10Mg composite parts was investigated. The densification level increased with increasing laser power and decreasing scan speed. A near fully dense composite part (99.37%) with smooth surface morphology and elevated inter-layer bonding was successfully obtained. A decrease of lattice plane distance was identified by X-ray diffraction with the laser scan speed decreased, which implied that the crystal lattices were distorted due to the dissolution of Si and TiB2 particles. A homogeneous composite microstructure with the distribution of surface-smoothened TiB2 particles was present, and a small amount of Si particles precipitated at the interface between reinforcing particles and matrix. In contrast to the AlSi10Mg alloy, the composites showed a stabilized microhardness distribution. A higher ultimate tensile strength of 380.0 MPa, yield strength of 250.4 MPa and elongation of 3.43% were obtained even with a trace amount of ceramic addition. The improvement of tensile properties can be attributed to multiple mechanisms including solid solution strengthening, load-bearing strengthening and dispersion strengthening. This research provides a theoretical basis for ceramic reinforced aluminum matrix composites by additive manufacturing.
Ocean Observation Technologies: A Review
Authors: Lin Mingwei , Yang Canjun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCovering about three quarters of the surface area of the earth, the ocean is a critical source of sustenance, medicine, and commerce. However, such vast expanse in both surface area and depth, presents myriad observing challenges for researchers, such as corrosion, attenuation of electromagnetic waves, and high pressure. Ocean observation technologies are progressing from the conventional single node, static and short-term modalities to multiple nodes, dynamic and long-term modalities, to increase the density of both temporal and spatial samplings. Although people’s knowledge of the oceans has been still quite limited, the contributions of many nations cooperating to develop the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) have remarkably promoted the development of ocean observing technologies. This paper reviews the typical observing technologies deployed from the sea surface to the seafloor, and discusses the future trend of the ocean observation systems with the docking technology and sustained ocean energy.
Multi-mode biodegradable tumour-microenvironment sensitive nanoparticles for targeted breast cancer imaging
Authors: Nie Zhenhui , Luo Ningbin , Liu Junjie , Zeng Xinyi , Zhang Yu , Su Danke 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGas-filled ultrasound (US) contrast agents easily collapse in the body, and the gas can easily overflow, which limits the effectiveness of US imaging. To address this issue, an injectable gas-generating multi-mode system was developed that carries the MR negative contrast agent Fe3O4, the fluorescent dye Cy5.5, and the CO2 releasing donor (Na2CO3). The nanoparticles can continuously generate carbon dioxide (CO2) gas in acidic tumour tissue in the body, giving the tumour a strong echo signal under ultrasonic imaging. In addition, the nanoparticles confer excellent effects for MR and fluorescence imaging of the tumour tissue. The results indicate that this pH-responsive NP system provides good effects in MR/US/fluorescent imaging. This study provides a useful reference for multi-mode tumour imaging.
SWIFTCORE: a tool for the context-specific reconstruction of genome-scale metabolic networks
Authors: Tefagh Mojtaba , Boyd Stephen P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
High-throughput omics technologies have enabled the comprehensive reconstructions of genome-scale metabolic networks for many organisms. However, only a subset of reactions is active in each cell which differs from tissue to tissue or from patient to patient. Reconstructing a subnetwork of the generic metabolic network from a provided set of context-specific active reactions is a demanding computational task.

Results
We propose swiftcc and swiftcore as effective methods for flux consistency checking and the context-specific reconstruction of genome-scale metabolic networks which consistently outperform the previous approaches.

Conclusions
We have derived an approximate greedy algorithm which efficiently scales to increasingly large metabolic networks. swiftcore is freely available for non-commercial use in the GitHub repository at https://mtefagh.github.io/swiftcore/.