bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malnutrition Concerning Geriatric Depression and Associated Risk Factors: A Community-based Case-control Study in Rural Elderly of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md Ziaul , Disu Tasnim , Farjana Shatmin , Rahman Mohammad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Malnutrition and depression are highly prevalent in the elderly and can lead to disparaging outcomes. Analytical studies on malnutrition concerning geriatric depression (GD) are very scarce in Bangladesh, although the size of the elderly population is increasing fast in the country. The current study aimed to assess the association between malnutrition and depression and associated risk factors in the rural elderly.Methods: A case-control study was conducted in 600 elderly residents (aged ≥60 years) of three rural communities of Bangladesh from January to October 2019. Three hundred depressed elderly people were enrolled as cases and 300 non-depressed elderly individuals were included as community controls by matching the age and living area of the cases. We used a semi-structured questionnaire based on the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 and the Bangla version of Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form to collect data through face-to-face interviews. Measures included baseline and personal characteristics, malnutrition, GD, and associated risk factors. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify variables associated with the risk of GD.Results: The study found no significant difference in gender (male Vs. female) between cases (44.0% Vs. 56.0%) and controls (46.0% Vs. 54.0%). The study revealed that malnutrition was significantly (p<0.01) higher in cases (56.0%) than in controls (18.0%). The malnourished elderly had around three times AOR=3.155; 95% CI: 1.53-6.49, p=0.002) more (risk of having depression than the controls. The unemployed elderly (AOR=4.964; 95% CI: 2.361-10.440; p=0.0001) and the elderly of the lower and middle class (AOR=3.654; 95% CI: 2.266-7.767; p=0.001) were more likely to experience depression. The elderly having a poor diet were more likely to experience depression (AOR=3.384; 95% CI: 1.764-6.703; p=0.0001). The single elderly (AOR=2.368; 95% CI: 1.762-6.524; p=0.001) and the elderly tobacco users (AOR=2.332; 95% CI: 1.663-5.623; p=0.003) were more likely to experience depression.Conclusions: A significant association between malnutrition and depression is evident in the rural elderly individuals of Bangladesh. It will be a prolific initiative if policymakers merge malnutrition and the risk factors associated with geriatric depression in the provision of universal health care for better health and well-being of the rural elderly populations.
Missed Care in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Effect of Eletronic Reminders&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Bahrami Fereshteh , Forouzi Mansooreh Azizzadeh , Nematollahi Monirsadat , J. Beatrice Kalisch , Bagherian Behnaz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Missed nursing care is a newly defined concept and refers to any aspect of required patient care that is omitted or delayed. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of electronic reminders on missed care in NICU.Methods: This is a two groups (before and after) quasi experimental study. A random sampling technique was employed to collect a sample of 70 nurses among two NICUs in an educational hospital in the south east of Iran. Miss care questionnaire was used to determine Missed care before, immediate, and one month after the intervention. The study intervention includes sending electronic reminders regarding nursing care of NICU hospitalized neonate. Data were analyzed using SPSS20 software, descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation), and analytical statistics. The level of significance was considered as 0.05.Results: The results showed that the mean score of missed care was decreased after intervention in the intervention group (6.74±8.47) rather than the control group (18.57±14.59) (P=0.001). The highest and the lowest mean score of missed care before and after the intervention was in general care and oxygen therapy domains in both groups. The second time intervention was one month after did not show any significant differences in the two groups. But decreasing in missed care was shown in both groups.Conclusion: using information technologies like whatsApp is an easy, low cost and available method which could help nurses decrease missed nursing care.
Validation of Claims-based Definitions for Identifying Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study Conducted in 64 Hospitals in Japan
Authors: Kubota Kiyoshi , Yoshizawa Masaki , Takahashi Satoru , Fujimura Yoshiaki , Nomura Hiroko , Kohsaka Hitoshi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAn administrative database covering a whole population such as the national database in Japan may be used to estimate the nationwide prevalence of diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when a well-validated definition of the disease is available. In Japan, the record-linkage between the administrative database and medical charts in hospitals is strictly prohibited. A “hospital-based” validation study is one of few possible validation studies where claims kept inside the study hospital are rearranged into the database structure. MethodsRandom samples of 19,734 patients were selected from about 1.6 million patients who received medical care between February 2018 and January 2019 in one of the 64 hospitals of the Tokushukai Medical Group. We excluded patients whose observation period was less than 365 days and identified 334 patients who met the definition of “possible cases of RA” whose medical chart was then evaluated by two rheumatologists independently. In a sensitivity analysis, we evaluated bias due to misclassifying some patients with RA who did not meet the definition of “possible cases of RA” as a patient with no RA.ResultsThe kappa coefficient between two rheumatologists was 0.80. The prevalence of RA in the study population was estimated as 0.56%. We found [condition code of RA] and ([any disease-modifying antirheumatic drug] or [oral corticosteroid with no systemic autoimmune diseases (other than RA) and no polymyalgia rheumatica]) had a relatively high sensitivity (around 73%) and a high positive predictive value (around 80%). In a sensitivity analysis, we found that when some patients with RA who did not meet the definition of “possible cases of RA” were misclassified as a patient with no RA, then this would lead to underestimation of the prevalence of the definition-positive patients and the adjusted prevalence.ConclusionsWe recommend using the claims-based definition of RA (found in the current validation study in the 64 hospitals) to estimate the prevalence of RA in Japan. We also recommend estimating the adjusted prevalence using the quantitative bias analysis method because the prevalence of the disease in the “hospital-based” validation study is different from that in the administrative database.Trial registration: The current study is not a clinical trial and thus is not subject to trial registration.
Factors Affecting of Road Traffic Injuries in the Lower Southern Region of Thailand: A Content Analysis of Road Traffic Investigation Reports, 2006-2019
Authors: Klinjun Nuntaporn , Kelly Matthew , Praditsathaporn Chanita , Petsirasan Rewwadee 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background – Thailand has the second highest rates of road traffic mortality globally. Detailed information on the combination of human, vehicle and environmental risks giving rise to each incident is important for addressing risk factors holistically. This paper presents the result of forensic road traffic investigation reports in Thailand and determines risk factor patterns for road traffic injuries.Methods – Detailed forensic reports were extracted for 25 serious traffic accident events. For each report, accidents were characterized by the number of vehicles, number and type of injuries and deaths, road user types, involvement of roadside hazards, medical care provided, and human, vehicular and environmental influences on the incident. The Haddon matrix was used to analyse risk factors in three phases (pre-event, event, post-event) stratified by four agents (human, vehicle, physical and socio-economic environment).Results - The 25 events analyzed involved 407 victims and 47 vehicles. 65.8% of victims were injured, including 22.0% who died. Median age of those injured was 27 years, and 28 years for fatalities. Vehicles crashing with fixed objects, and pickup-related crashes, accounted for the majority of accidents and deaths. Head or neck trauma was the main cause of death. The majority (61%) of deaths occurred at the scene. Human error-related factors included speeding, and drowsiness from night and long-distance driving. Passenger risks included not using seat belt, sitting in cargo area and the cab of pickups. Not having anyone trained in first aid on the scene, first aid being provided by bystanders, and delayed calls to Emergency Medical Services increased injury risk. Overloaded vehicles, unsafe car modifications, no occupant safety equipment, and having unfixed seats were vehicular risks. Environmental risks included fixed objects on the roadside, no traffic lights, no guard rails, no traffic sign, road accident black spots, and hazardous objects roadside.Conclusions - Thailand must address all three temporal phases of the Haddon model and all three factors – human, vehicle and environment. At present traffic accidents cause much avoidable severe injury and death. The Haddon matrix is useful to structure road traffic investigations, revealing multi-level factors common on Thai roads. Keywords: Road traffic injury, Risk factor, Road traffic investigation, Haddon matrix
In Vitro Anti-Trypanosoma Cruzi Activity of Halophytes From Southern Portugal Reloaded: A Special Focus on Sea Fennel (Crithmum Maritimum L.)
Authors: Pereira Catarina , Moraes Carolina , Franco Caio , Grougnet Raphaël , Barbosa Euzébio , Panciera Michele Michele , Correiae Carlos Roque , Rodrigues Maria João , Custódio Luísa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Marine halophytes are an outstanding reservoir of natural products and several species have anti-infectious traditional uses. However, little is known about their potential against neglected tropical ailments, such as Chagas disease. This work evaluated for the first time the in vitro anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of extracts from the aromatic and medicinal species Helichrysum italicum subsp. picardii (Boiss. & Reut.) Franco (Asteraceae, everlasting) and Crithmum maritimum L. (Apiaceae, sea fennel). For that purpose, decoctions, tinctures and essential oils from everlasting’s flowers and sea fennel’s stems, leaves and flowers were tested against intracellular amastigotes of two T. cruzi strains. Sea fennel’s flowers decoction displayed significant anti-trypanosomal activity and no toxicity towards the host cell (EC50 = 17.7 µg/mL, selectivity index > 5.65). This extract was partitioned using liquid-liquid extraction affording 5 fractions that were re-tested in the same model of anti-parasitic activity. Fraction 1 was the most active and selective (EC50 = 0.47 μg/mL, selectivity index = 59.6) and was submitted to preparative thin layer chromatography. The major compound present, likely responsible for the observed anti-trypanosomal activity, was identified as falcarindiol. Target fishing studies showed falcarindiol as a ligand of T. cruzi spermidine synthase, pointing to a potential enzyme-inhibiting anti-trypanosomal mechanism of action.
Global, Regional, and National Burden of Multiple Myeloma from 1990 to 2019: Estimates from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study
Authors: Zhou Linghui , Yu Qin , Wei Guoqing , Wang Linqin , Huang Yue , Hu Kejia , Hu Yongxian , Huang He 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is a major health concern. Understanding the different burden and tendency of MM in different regions is crucial for formulating specific local strategies. Therefore, we evaluated the epidemiologic patterns and explored the risk factors for MM death.MethodsData on MM were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. We used incidence, mortality, and disability adjusted life-years to estimate the global, regional, and national burden of MM. ResultsIn 2019, there were 155,688 (95% UI, 136,585 – 172,577) MM cases worldwide, of which 84,516 (54.3%, 70,924 – 94,910) were of men. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) was 1.72/100,000 persons (95% UI, 1.59 – 1.93) in 1990 and 1.92/100,000 persons (95% UI, 1.68 - 2.12) in 2019. The number of MM deaths increased 1.19-fold from 51,862 (95% UI, 47,710–58,979) in 1990 to 113,474 (95% UI, 99,527 – 121,735) in 2019; the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) was 1.42/100,000 persons (95% UI, 1.24 - 1.52) in 2019. Countries with high social-demographic indexes exhibited a higher ASIR and ASDR. Australasia, North America, and Western Europe had the highest ASIR and ASDR, with 46.3% incident cases and 41.8% death cases. Monaco had the highest ASIR and ASDR, which was almost half as high as the second highest country Barbados. In addition, United Arab Emirates and Qatar had the largest growth multiple in ASIR and ASDR, which was twice the third country Djibouti.ConclusionsGlobally, incident and death MM cases have more than doubled over the past 30 years. The increasing global burden may continue with population aging, whereas mortality may continue to decrease with the progression of medical technology. The global burden pattern of MM was diverse, therefore specific local strategies based on different burden patterns for MM are necessary.
High Cell Density and Antimicrobial Persistence in Streptococcus Pyogenes&nbsp;
Authors: Martini Caroline , Coronado Amada , Melo Maria Celeste , Gobbi Clarice , Lopez Úrsula , Mattos Marcos , Amorim Thais , Botelho Ana Maria , Vasconcelos Ana Teresa , Almeida Luiz Gonzaga , Planet Paul , Zingali Russolina , Figueiredo Agnes Marie , Ferreira-Carvalho Bernadete 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus-GAS) is an important pathogen for humans. GAS has been associated with severe and invasive diseases. Despite the fact that these bacteria remain universally susceptible to penicillin, therapeutic failures have been reported in some GAS infections. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain these antibiotic-unresponsive infections, however none of them has fully elucidated this phenomenon. In this study, antimicrobial persistence emerged when GAS strains were grown at high cell density. Strong efflux activity was detected, and gene expression assays by real-time qRT-PCR showed upregulation of some genes associated with efflux pumps in persistent cells arising in the presence of penicillin. Subsequent phenotypic reversion and whole-genome sequencing indicated that this event was due to non-inherited resistance mechanisms. The tiny persistent colonies showed downregulation of genes associated with protein biosynthesis and cell growth, as demonstrated by gene expression assays. Moreover, proteomic analyses showed that susceptible cells express higher levels of ribosome proteins. The generation of persistent cells due to high bacterial load might be an important mechanism of clinical resistance in GAS invasive infections that has been overlooked. The phenomenon described here might shed some light on the origin of therapeutic failures in S. pyogenes infections.
Comparison of the Mutation Profiles of Triple-Negative Breast Cancers and Hormone Receptor-Positive/Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancers at the T2N0-1M0 Stage
Authors: Lee Seungju , Kim Hyun Yul , Jung Youn Joo , Paik Hyun-June , Jung Chang Shin , Kim Jee Yeon , Lee Sun Min , Oh Seung Hwan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has higher loco-regional recurrence and visceral metastasis compared to other breast cancer subtypes; however, little is known about the molecular pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of TNBC. Therefore, we compared the mutation profiles of early TNBC with those of hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2) breast cancer using a customized next-generation sequencing capture panel.MethodsDNA was obtained from the primary tumor tissues of 34 patients diagnosed with pT2N0-1M0 HR+/HER2 breast cancer or TNBC. To enrich the 48 breast cancer-associated genes, 21,192 probes were designed using the SureSelect design tool. After library preparation using the SureSelect XT kit (Agilent), paired-end DNA sequencing was performed on a HiSeq platform (Illumina). The mean depth of the target regions was 1,766 (×). The subsequent output containing genetic variation was analyzed using a pipeline of bioinformatics tools. Significant mutations with allele frequencies of more than 30% were checked for their germline counterparts in the peripheral blood. Circulating cell-free nucleic acids were extracted and analyzed with a therascreen® PIK3CA RGQ PCR kit (QIAGEN).ResultsSignificant mutations were found in TP53, PIK3CA, AR, BRCA1, PTEN, BRCA2, BRIP2, KIT, MET, AKT1, ALK, BARD1, BRAF, CD274, ERBB2, FGFR1, IDH2, NOTCH1, RET, and STK11 (in descending order of occurrence). TP53 mutations were identified in the TNBC group more frequently than in the HR+/HER2 group (p=0.003). The presence of TP53 mutations was associated with a higher tumor grade (p=0.008), p53 positivity (p<0.0001), and a higher (≥15) Ki-67 index (p=0.004). PIK3CA was the most frequently mutated gene in HR+/HER2 breast cancer (8/22, 36.4%), but not in TNBC (1/12, 8.3%). However, circulating cell-free PIK3CA mutations were not detected in either group. ConclusionsThe TP53 mutation is associated with higher tumor grade and Ki-67 expression in both groups, and with larger tumor size in TNBC, but not in HR+/HER2– breast cancer. In the foundation of TP53 mutation, concomitant mutation numbers are proportional to tumor size, reflecting clonal progression. Breast cancer-associated mutations such as those in TP53 and PIK3CA have different biological implications for the proliferation and clonal diversification of these two distinct groups of breast cancer.
Actions to Align Energy Projects With the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: de Almeida Constança Martins Leite , Bergqvist Elin , Thacker Scott , Nerini Francesco Fuso 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The 2030 Agenda is an aspiring set of goals and targets that aims to prompt humanity towards a sustainable development by 2030. In order to achieve this, actions that mitigate trade-offs and enhance synergies within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) need to be identified. However, for the energy sector these actions are dispersed across the scientific literature, which is a clear barrier to encourage practitioners to have a proactive and pragmatic approach towards the SDGs. For this reason, a set of actions for energy projects was compiled. This compilation addresses the synergies and trade-offs identified in the Sustainable Development Goals Impact Assessment Framework for Energy Projects (SDG-IAE). One case study was used to test the actions, the lighthouse Project VARGA. Subsequently, an analysis was conducted to understand how possible actions can impact different technologies, project stages, actors and SDG targets. In this way, enabling policymakers and project developers to define areas of action when evaluating policies or considering specific intervention. This article aims to be the starting point of stakeholder discussions that consistently frame energy projects within the achievement of the SDGs.
Flexibility in Migratory Behaviour of a Flight Generalist: Migrate Day and Night, Sprinting Across Ecological Barriers&nbsp;
Authors: Lopez-Ricaurte Lina , Vansteelant Wouter , Hernández-Pliego Jesús , García-Silveira Daniel , Bermejo Ana , Casado Susana , Cecere Jacopo , Puente Javier de la , Garcés-Toledano Fernando , Martínez-Dalmau Juan , Ortega Alfredo , Rodríguez-Moreno Beatriz , Rubolini Diego , Sarà Maurizio , Bustamante Javier 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Understanding what factors drive variation in movement patterns is a key challenge in current migration research. Environmental drivers such as landscape heterogeneity and weather strongly affect birds’ migration influencing daily travel schedules and flight speed. For strictly thermal-soaring migrants, typically large birds, weather explains most seasonal and regional differences in speed. In contrast, smaller-sized flight generalists, which alternate between soaring and flapping flight, may be less dependent on weather and thus more likely to be strongly influenced by landscape in daily travel schedules and internal drivers, such as sex. We GPS-tracked the migration performance of 70 lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni), to estimate the relative importance of environmental (wind and landscape), internal (e.g. sex) and seasonal drivers and to what extend do they explain variation in migratory performance, namely speed, distance, and travelling time. We found that tailwind strength explained most of the seasonal difference in migratory parameters. In both seasons lesser kestrels sprinted across ecological barriers and frequently extended migration into the night, while travelling at a slower pace and mainly during the day when not flying over barriers. Our results highlighted that environmental factors far outweighed internal and other seasonal drivers in explaining variation in migration performance of a flight generalist, despite the ability to switch between flight-modes.
Oncogenic Role of miR-130a in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Mallela Karthik , Swamy Shivananda , Gopinath K. , Kumar Arun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is attributed to the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In recent years, increasing evidence suggests the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in oral carcinogenesis by acting as tumor suppressors or oncogenes. TSC1, as a component of the above pathway, regulates several cellular functions such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. Downregulation of TSC1 is reported in oral as well as several other cancers and is associated with an unfavourable clinical outcome in patients. Here we show that oncogenic miR-130a binds to the 3’UTR of TSC1 and represses its expression. MiR-130a-mediated repression of TSC1 increases cell proliferation, anchorage independent growth and invasion of OSCC cells, which is dependent on the presence of the 3’UTR in TSC1. We observe an inverse correlation between the expression levels of miR-130a and TSC1 in OSCC samples, suggesting that their interaction is physiologically relevant. Delivery of antagomiR-130a to OSCC cells results in a significant decrease in xenograft size. Taken together, the findings of the study indicate that miR-130a-mediated TSC1 downregulation is not only a novel mechanism in OSCC, but the restoration of TSC1 levels by antagomiR-130a may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OSCC.