bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Confirmation of ovarian follicles in an enantiornithine (Aves) from the Jehol biota using soft tissue analyses
Authors: Bailleul Alida M. , O’Connor Jingmai , Li Zhiheng , Wu Qian , Zhao Tao , Martinez Monleon Mario A. , Wang Min , Zheng Xiaoting 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe remains of ovarian follicles reported in nine specimens of basal birds represents one of the most remarkable examples of soft-tissue preservation in the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota. This discovery was immediately contested and the structures alternatively interpreted as ingested seeds. Fragments of the purported follicles preserved in an enantiornithine (STM10-12) were extracted and subjected to multiple high-resolution analyses. The structures in STM10-12 possess the histological and histochemical characteristics of smooth muscles fibers intertwined together with collagen fibers, resembling the contractile structure in the perifollicular membrane (PFM) of living birds. Fossilized blood vessels, very abundant in extant PFMs, are also preserved. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy shows the preserved tissues primarily underwent alumino-silicification, with minor mineralization via iron oxides. No evidence of plant tissue was found. These results confirm the original interpretation as follicles within the left ovary, supporting the interpretation that the right ovary was functionally lost early in avian evolution.
Magnetic braking at work in binaries
Authors: Van Rensbergen W. , De Greve J. P. 
Published: July 2020

Context. In earlier papers, we aimed to reconstruct the progenitor systems of Algol-type semi-detached binaries. To this end, we developed a binary evolutionary code for the purpose of reproducing the orbital parameters, masses, and location in the HRD of well-observed Algol systems. In this code, the effects of mass and angular momentum losses and tidal coupling were included, but not magnetic braking at that point. In the present paper, we study the effects of magnetic braking on the rotation of the mass gainers in these systems.
Aims. Equatorial velocities have been measured for a number of mass-gaining stars in interacting binaries. Tides tend to synchronize the rotation of the gainer, but many observed low equatorial velocities cannot be explained by tidal interactions alone.
Methods. We added magnetic braking to our code to better reproduce the observed equatorial velocities.
Results. Large equatorial velocities of mass-gaining stars are lowered by tidal interaction and magnetic braking. Tides are mainly at work at short orbital periods, leaving magnetic braking alone at work during longer orbital periods.
Conclusions. Slow rotation of mass gainers in Algol-type binaries is mostly well reproduced by our code. However, (not observed) critical rotation of the gainer in some systems cannot be avoided by our calculations.
Detection of the magnetar XTE J1810−197 at 150 and 260 GHz with the NIKA2 kinetic inductance detector camera
Authors: Torne P. , Macías-Pérez J. , Ladjelate B. , Ritacco A. , Sánchez-Portal M. , Berta S. , Paubert G. , Calvo M. , Desvignes G. , Karuppusamy R. , Navarro S. , John D. , Sánchez S. , Peñalver J. , Kramer M. , Schuster K. 
Published: July 2020

Context. The investigation of pulsars between millimetre and optical wavelengths is challenging due to the faintness of the pulsar signals and the relative low sensitivity of the available facilities compared to 100 m class telescopes operating in the centimetre band. The kinetic inductance detector (KID) technology offers large instantaneous bandwidths and a high sensitivity that can help to increase the ability of existing observatories at short wavelengths substantially to detect pulsars and transient emission.
Aims. To investigate whether pulsars can be detected with KIDs, we observed the anomalous X-ray pulsar XTE J1810−197 with the New IRAM KIDs Array-2 (NIKA2) camera installed at the IRAM 30 m telescope in Spain.
Methods. Several short observations of XTE J1810−197 were made on 2019 March 25 under good weather conditions to verify the stability of the KIDs and to try to detect the expected broadband pulsations from the neutron star.
Results. We detected the pulsations from the pulsar with NIKA2 at its two operating frequency bands, 150 and 260 GHz (λ = 2.0 and 1.15 mm, respectively). This is the first time that a pulsar is detected with a receiver based on KID technology in the millimetre band. In addition, this is the first report of short millimetre emission from XTE J1810−197 after its reactivation in December 2018, and it is the first time that the source is detected at 260 GHz, which gives us new insights into the radio emission process of the star.
Conclusions. We demonstrate that KIDs can fulfil the technical requirements for detecting pulsed emission from neutron stars in the millimetre band. We show that the magnetar XTE J1810−197 is again emitting strong pulsations in the short millimetre band.
Quality of Life and Treatment Satisfaction in Participants with
Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young: A Comparison to Other Major Forms of
Diabetes
Authors: Dusatkova Petra , Pavlikova Marketa , Spirkova Alena , Elblova Lenka , Zdarska Denisa Janickova , Rozenkova Klara , Hron Jakub , Sumnik Zdenek , Cinek Ondrej , Lebl Jan , Pruhova Stepanka 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aims We investigated the quality of life (QoL), treatment satisfaction
and perception of genetic results in participants with Maturity-Onset Diabetes
of the Young (MODY) and compared the results with those of subjects with type 1
(T1D) or type 2 (T2D) diabetes.
Methods A total of 162 adults with GCK-MODY, 62 with HNF1A-MODY and 29
with HNF4A-MODY answered the questionnaire Audit of Diabetes Dependent Quality
of Life, the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire and non-validated
instrument examining the respondent’s perception of the genetic results.
Data from GCK-MODY patients were compared with 84 participants with T2D and
HNF-MODY subjects were compared with 81 participants having T1D.
Results Higher age (p=0.004), higher haemoglobin A1c
(p=0.026) and medication (p=0.019) were associated with lower
general QoL in GCK-MODY patients. In HNF-MODY patients, lower general QoL was
associated with a longer time since diagnosis (p=0.005), worse
haemoglobin bA1c (p=0.006) and insulin treatment (p=0.019).
Similar numbers of participants with GCK- and HNF-MODY considered the genetic
diagnosis of MODY to be positive, negative and without significance. The patient
with GCK-MODY did not differ from those with T2D in terms of their QoL, but they
were less satisfied with their treatment (p<0.001). QoL was better in
patients with HNF-MODY compared with patients with T1D (p=0.006), and
they did not differ in terms of treatment satisfaction.
Conclusions QoL was affected in both GCK-MODY and HNF-MODY subjects.
Apprehension of genetic diagnosis was not single-valued in MODY respondents.
Prevalence of Signs and Symptoms of Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome Before and After Transsphenoidal Surgery for Cushing’s Disease – A Prospective Consecutive Case Series
Authors: Huckhagel Torge , Flitsch Jörg , Rotermund Roman , Knospe Volker 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction Pseudotumor cerebri syndrome (PTCS) has anecdotally been
described after successful treatment of Cushing’s disease (CD), but the
prevalence following transsphenoidal surgery has not been determined so far in a
prospective study.
Patients and Methods 41 consecutive adult CD patients were prospectively
screened for signs and symptoms of PTCS, headache-related impairment, and
ophthalmological features associated with intracranial pressure elevation before
surgery and at follow-up (mean 4 months).
Results Biochemical remission was achieved in 36 of 41 (87.8%)
patients after surgery. The most frequent preoperative complaints were visual
acuity impairment (19 cases; 46.3%), headache (13 cases; 31.7%),
and ear noise (9 cases; 22.0%). A significant reduction of visual
disturbances was seen at follow-up. Overall, CD patients presented with fairly
low headache-related emotional and functional restrictions before and after
surgery. One of 34 (2.9%) patients with sufficient ophthalmological
follow-up showed new-onset papilledema combined with temporary worsening of
visual acuity and scotoma.
Conclusion Our results suggest a very low frequency of signs and symptoms
of PTCS after surgical treatment for CD in adults. This estimate is in line with
previous outcomes from retrospective pediatric CD series. Further large-scale
studies are needed to determine the actual prevalence of this condition
following biochemical remission of CD.
Indicators of Sarcopenia: Sex Differences in Competitive Runners
Prior to Peak Muscle Mass
Authors: Shoepe Todd C. , McCormack William P. , LaBrie Joseph W. , Mello Grant T. , Almstedt Hawley C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStrength, muscle mass, and muscle quality have been observed to be compromised in
low body-mass index individuals such as competitive runners, increasing their
risk for sarcopenia. The purpose was to compare indices of sarcopenia in young
runners to age, height, body-mass, and body-mass index-matched non-runners.
Handgrip strength and arm composition from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
(baseline-T1, T2=5.3±1.4, T3=11.5±0.7 months
later) were assessed in 40 non-runners and 40 runners (19.3±0.7 vs.
19.2±1.1 years, 170.7±10.3 vs. 171.1±9.1 cm,
60.2±7.4 vs. 60.2±7.9 kg, 20.6±0.9 vs. 20.5±1.5
kg m-2). The unitless variable of muscle quality, was
defined as the sum of right and left maximal handgrip (in kg) divided by the sum
of bone-free lean mass of both arms (in kg). Female runners displayed the
highest muscle quality (T1=15.3±1.7;
T3=15.7±2.0) compared to male runners
(T1=13.7±1.4, p < 0.001;
T3=14.2±1.6, p < 0.001) and male non-runners
(T1=12.4±1.8, p=0.001;
T3=13.2±1.6, p < 0.001), while female non-runners
(T1=14.6±2.5, p=0.154; T3=15.1
±2.2, p=0.124) showed higher muscle quality than male
non-runners. Higher muscle quality in low-body-mass index females persists over
one-year during young-adulthood and while running contributes to whole-body
muscle mass accrual, it does not appear to be significantly associated with
improvements in the most commonly used upper-body diagnostic indicator of
sarcopenia.
Asymmetric Synthesis of C1-Chiral THIQs with Imines in Isoquinoline Rings
Authors: Li Dan , Gao Wei , Chen Xiaochao 
Published: July 2020

Tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) scaffolds are important structural units that widely exist in a variety of natural alkaloids and synthetic analogues. Asymmetric synthesis of C1-chiral THIQ is of particular importance due to its significant pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and other biological activities, and the usually distinct bioactivities exhibited by the two enantiomers. In this review, we highlight the significant advances achieved in this field, present recent asymmetric synthesis with imines in isoquinoline rings ordered according to the sequence of various substrate types. New strategies could be inspired and more types of substrates need further development.1	Introduction2	Catalytic Asymmetric Reaction of Dihydroisoquinolines2.1	Asymmetric Reactions of 3,4-Dihydroisoquinolines2.2	Asymmetric Reactions of Dihydroisoquinolinium Salts2.3	Asymmetric Reactions of C,N-Cyclic N′-Acyl Azomethine Imines2.3.1	NED [3+2] Cycloaddition of C,N-Cyclic N′-Acyl Azomethine Imines2.3.2	IED [3+2] Cycloaddition of C,N-Cyclic N′-Acyl Azomethine Imines2.3.3	[3+3] Cycloaddition of C,N-Cyclic N′-Acyl Azomethine Imines2.3.4	[4+3] Cycloaddition of C,N-Cyclic N′-Acyl Azomethine Imines2.3.5	Asymmetric Addition Reactions to C,N-Cyclic N′-Acyl Azomethine Imines2.4	Asymmetric Reactions of C,N-Cyclic Nitrones3	Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich Reactions of Isoquinolines4	Conclusions and Perspectives
Biocatalytic and Chemo-Enzymatic Approaches for the Synthesis of Heterocycles
Authors: Castagnolo Daniele , Zhao Fei , Masci Domiziana , Tomarelli Elena 
Published: July 2020

Heterocycles are ubiquitous structures in nature and can be found in many drugs and chemicals. Biocatalysts, alone or in combination with other metal catalysts, can be exploited for the construction of various heterocyclic rings under mild reaction conditions. This Short Review highlights the recent advances in the development of biocatalytic and chemo-enzymatic methods for the synthesis of both aliphatic and aromatic heterocyclic rings.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Aliphatic Heterocycles2.1	Piperidines, Pyrrolidines and Piperazines2.2	Other Nitrogen-Containing Aliphatic Heterocycles2.3	Lactones and Lactams2.4	Other Oxygen-Containing Heterocycles3	Synthesis of Aromatic Heterocycles3.1	Pyrroles, Pyridines and Pyrazines3.2	Furans3.3	Bicyclic Aromatic Heterocycles4	Conclusion
Spatial reading: evaluative frameworks and the making of literary authority
Authors: Leypoldt Günter 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis essay uses Charles Taylor’s theory of evaluative frameworks to solve a problem that has challenged literary theory and historiography for some time: how do we square the tension between the private uses and the public authority of reading? Taylor’s notion of strong value brings out literature’s often-overlooked similarities with religious-moral or civil-sacred domains, while his concept of weak value helps us to understand more mundane moods of purpose-rational reading. Combining the concept of evaluative frameworks with a socio-institutional account of literary authority, this essay sketches an alternative history of reading, with a focus on the shifting authority of “spatial reading” (defined as attention to formal and intertextual depth). Looking at developments from the 1780s to the present, I will show how the distinction between spatial and flat reading emerges in the eighteenth century, is transformed by the modernist institutionalization of high- and middlebrow notions of spatial form, and continues to provoke tensions between the civil sphere and the literary-artistic field (as the recent scandal around Peter Handke’s Nobel Prize attests).
Biased hate crime perceptions can reveal supremacist sympathies
Authors: Leander N. Pontus , Kreienkamp Jannis , Agostini Maximilian , Stroebe Wolfgang , Gordijn Ernestine H. , Kruglanski Arie W. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Some mass shooters openly express intent to target ethnic and racial minorities, but members of the public still do not agree on whether the gunman was indeed motivated by prejudice and/or hatred. The present research finds that members of a dominant majority often express uncertainty about hate crimes when they privately sympathize with the perpetrator’s cause; specifically, aggrieved members of a dominant majority do not want to acknowledge the victimhood of minority groups. The tendency to deemphasize hate crimes can be traced back to each individual’s own frustrations with society and resentment of other groups. Ultimately, the same general process that explains support for violent extremism, around the world, may also explain supremacist sympathies in modern Western democracies.
Machine learning uncovers the most robust self-report predictors of relationship quality across 43 longitudinal couples studies
Authors: Joel Samantha , Eastwick Paul W. , Allison Colleen J. , Arriaga Ximena B. , Baker Zachary G. , Bar-Kalifa Eran , Bergeron Sophie , Birnbaum Gurit E. , Brock Rebecca L. , Brumbaugh Claudia C. , Carmichael Cheryl L. , Chen Serena , Clarke Jennifer , Cobb Rebecca J. , Coolsen Michael K. , Davis Jody , de Jong David C. , Debrot Anik , DeHaas Eva C. , Derrick Jaye L. , Eller Jami , Estrada Marie-Joelle , Faure Ruddy , Finkel Eli J. , Fraley R. Chris , Gable Shelly L. , Gadassi-Polack Reuma , Girme Yuthika U. , Gordon Amie M. , Gosnell Courtney L. , Hammond Matthew D. , Hannon Peggy A. , Harasymchuk Cheryl , Hofmann Wilhelm , Horn Andrea B. , Impett Emily A. , Jamieson Jeremy P. , Keltner Dacher , Kim James J. , Kirchner Jeffrey L. , Kluwer Esther S. , Kumashiro Madoka , Larson Grace , Lazarus Gal , Logan Jill M. , Luchies Laura B. , MacDonald Geoff , Machia Laura V. , Maniaci Michael R. , Maxwell Jessica A. , Mizrahi Moran , Muise Amy , Niehuis Sylvia , Ogolsky Brian G. , Oldham C. Rebecca , Overall Nickola C. , Perrez Meinrad , Peters Brett J. , Pietromonaco Paula R. , Powers Sally I. , Prok Thery , Pshedetzky-Shochat Rony , Rafaeli Eshkol , Ramsdell Erin L. , Reblin Maija , Reicherts Michael , Reifman Alan , Reis Harry T. , Rhoades Galena K. , Rholes William S. , Righetti Francesca , Rodriguez Lindsey M. , Rogge Ron , Rosen Natalie O. , Saxbe Darby , Sened Haran , Simpson Jeffry A. , Slotter Erica B. , Stanley Scott M. , Stocker Shevaun , Surra Cathy , Ter Kuile Hagar , Vaughn Allison A. , Vicary Amanda M. , Visserman Mariko L. , Wolf Scott 
Published: July 2020

SignificanceWhat predicts how happy people are with their romantic relationships? Relationship science—an interdisciplinary field spanning psychology, sociology, economics, family studies, and communication—has identified hundreds of variables that purportedly shape romantic relationship quality. The current project used machine learning to directly quantify and compare the predictive power of many such variables among 11,196 romantic couples. People’s own judgments about the relationship itself—such as how satisfied and committed they perceived their partners to be, and how appreciative they felt toward their partners—explained approximately 45% of their current satisfaction. The partner’s judgments did not add information, nor did either person’s personalities or traits. Furthermore, none of these variables could predict whose relationship quality would increase versus decrease over time.
Aggresomal sequestration and STUB1-mediated ubiquitylation during mammalian proteaphagy of inhibited proteasomes
Authors: Choi Won Hoon , Yun Yejin , Park Seoyoung , Jeon Jun Hyoung , Lee Jeeyoung , Lee Jung Hoon , Yang Su-A , Kim Nak-Kyoon , Jung Chan Hoon , Kwon Yong Tae , Han Dohyun , Lim Sang Min , Lee Min Jae 
Published: July 2020

SignificanceThe ubiquitin–proteasome system and autophagy are two major intracellular proteolytic pathways, and both remove misfolded and proteotoxic proteins from eukaryotic cells. This study describes the detailed regulatory pathway of proteasome degradation by autophagy for its own quality control. We discovered that a portion of inhibited proteasomes is actively sequestered into the aggresome, an insoluble fraction of the mammalian cell. The aggresome functions as a triage point for proteasome recovery and autophagic degradation. This mainly distinguishes proteasome quality control in mammals from that in other organisms. STUB1/CHIP E3 Ub ligase has a critical role in targeting inhibited proteasomes into the aggresome. These results provide strong insights into protein catabolism in various pathological conditions originating from impaired proteasomes.
A genome-wide case-only test for the detection of digenic inheritance in human exomes
Authors: Kerner Gaspard , Bouaziz Matthieu , Cobat Aurélie , Bigio Benedetta , Timberlake Andrew T. , Bustamante Jacinta , Lifton Richard P. , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Abel Laurent 
Published: July 2020

SignificanceDespite a growing number of reports of rare disorders not fully explained by monogenic lesions, digenic inheritance has been reported for only 54 diseases to date. The very few existing methods for detecting gene × gene interactions from next-generation sequencing data were generally examined in rare-variant association studies with limited simulation analyses for short genomic regions, under a case-control design. We describe a case-only approach designed specifically to search for digenic inheritance, which avoids recruitment of controls. We show, through both extensive simulation studies on real whole-exome sequencing datasets and application to a real example of craniosynostosis, that our method is robust and powerful for the genome-wide identification of digenic lesions.
Hedgehog signaling is necessary and sufficient to mediate craniofacial plasticity in teleosts
Authors: Navon Dina , Male Ira , Tetrault Emily R. , Aaronson Benjamin , Karlstrom Rolf O. , Albertson R. Craig 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Phenotypic plasticity has emerged as an important concept in evolutionary biology. It is thought to contribute to an organism’s ability to adapt to environmental change within a single generation, which may facilitate survival and increase fitness. Furthermore, plasticity has the potential to bias the direction and/or speed of evolution by changing patterns of phenotypic variation and exposing new genetic variation to selection (i.e., flexible stem evolution). Our understanding of this important phenomenon is incomplete owing to limited knowledge of the molecular underpinnings of reaction norm evolution. Using the teleost feeding apparatus as a model, we explore this open question and show that the Hh signaling pathway underlies the ability of this structure to respond plastically to alternate feeding regimes.
The hemispheric contrast in cloud microphysical properties constrains aerosol forcing
Authors: McCoy Isabel L. , McCoy Daniel T. , Wood Robert , Regayre Leighton , Watson-Parris Duncan , Grosvenor Daniel P. , Mulcahy Jane P. , Hu Yongxiang , Bender Frida A.-M. , Field Paul R. , Carslaw Kenneth S. , Gordon Hamish 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Enhancement of aerosol that can nucleate cloud droplets increases the droplet number concentration and albedo of clouds. This increases the amount of sunlight reflected to space. Uncertainty in how aerosol−cloud interactions over the industrial period have increased planetary albedo by this mechanism leads to significant uncertainty in climate projections. Our work presents a method for observationally constraining the change in albedo due to anthropogenic aerosol emissions: a hemispheric difference in remotely sensed cloud droplet number between the pristine Southern Ocean (a preindustrial proxy) and the polluted Northern Hemisphere. Application of this constraint to climate models reduces the range of estimated albedo change since industrialization and suggests current models underpredict cloud droplet number concentration in the preindustrial era.
Elevated energy requirement of cone photoreceptors
Authors: Ingram Norianne T. , Fain Gordon L. , Sampath Alapakkam P. 
Published: July 2020

SignificanceFrom recent measurements of mammalian cone physiology, we have calculated cone ATP utilization in darkness and in the light. We show that single cones consume ATP at a much higher rate than single rods, a difference that is greatly increased during the day. This high metabolic rate is especially prominent in the primate fovea, which may make this part of the human eye particularly sensitive to decreases in glucose uptake or other metabolic alterations.
The moral barrier effect: Real and imagined barriers can reduce cheating
Authors: Zhao Li , Zheng Yi , Compton Brian J. , Qin Wen , Zheng Jiaxin , Fu Genyue , Lee Kang , Heyman Gail D. 
Published: July 2020

Significance
Dishonest behavior undermines the trust that is required for strong relationships and institutions. The present study offers an approach to discouraging dishonesty that involves a subtle environmental intervention. Specifically, we test the moral barrier hypothesis, which posits that moral violations can be inhibited by the introduction of spatial boundaries, including ones that do not physically impede the act of transgressing. We found that both real and imagined barriers, when placed strategically, were able to reduce cheating among 5- to 6-y-olds. These findings link spatial cognition to moral behavior and show that even seemingly unremarkable features of children’s environments can nudge them to act honestly.