bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of access route to the left ventricle on asymptomatic periprocedural brain injury: the results of a randomized trial in patients undergoing catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Borišincová Eva , Peichl Petr , Wichterle Dan , Šramko Marek , Aldhoon Bashar , Franeková Janka , Čihák Robert , Kautzner Josef 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Aims
Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) is an effective treatment in patients with structural heart disease (SHD) and recurrent arrhythmias. However, the procedure is associated with the risk of complications, including both manifest and asymptomatic cerebral thromboembolic events. We hypothesized that periprocedural asymptomatic brain injury (ABI) can be reduced by using transseptal instead of the retrograde access route to the left ventricle (LV).

Methods and results
Consecutive patients undergoing VT ablation for SHD were randomized 1:1 to either retrograde or transseptal LV access. All patients underwent radiofrequency ablation in conscious sedation with the use of an irrigated tip catheter. The degree of brain damage was evaluated by serum level of biomarker S100B. Significant ABI was defined as a post-ablation relative increase of S100B level &gt;30%. A total of 144 patients (66 ± 9 years; 14 females; 90% coronary artery disease; LV ejection fraction: 30 ± 8%) were enrolled and 72 were allocated to each study groups. Symptomatic neurological complication of the procedure was not observed in any subject. A significant ABI was detected in 19.4% of patients. It was more commonly observed in subjects randomized to retrograde vs. transseptal LV access (26.4% vs. 12.5%, P = 0.04). In a multivariate analysis, only retrograde LV access and advanced age were independent determinants of significant ABI.

Conclusion
Significant ABI after ablation of VT in patients with SHD can be detected in one-fifth of subjects. Retrograde access to LV is associated with a two-fold higher probability of significant ABI.
An extended regularized adjusted plus-minus analysis for lineup management in basketball using play-by-play data
Authors: Grassetti Luca , Bellio Ruggero , Di Gaspero Luca , Fonseca Giovanni , Vidoni Paolo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work we analyse basketball play-by-play data in order to evaluate the efficiency of different five-man lineups employed by teams. Starting from the adjusted plus-minus framework, we present a model-based strategy for the analysis of the result of partial match outcomes, extending the current literature in two main directions. The first extension replaces the classical response variable (scored points) with a comprehensive score that combines a set of box score statistics. This allows various aspects of the game to be separated. The second extension focuses on entire lineups rather than individual players, using a suitable extended model specification. The model fitting procedure is Bayesian and provides the necessary regularization. An advantage of this approach is the use of posterior distributions to rank players and lineups, providing an effective tool for team managers. For the empirical analysis, we use the 2018/2019 regular season of the Turkish Airlines Euroleague Championship, with play-by-play and box scores for 240 matches, which are made available by the league website. The results of the model fitting can be used for several investigations as, for instance, the comparative analysis of the effects of single players and the estimation of total and synergic effects of lineups monitoring. Moreover, the behaviour of players and lineups during the season, updating the estimation results after each gameday, can represent a rather useful tool.
Antibody Combinations Targeting the Essential Antigens CyRPA, RH5, and MSP-119 Potently Neutralize Plasmodium falciparum Clinical Isolates From India and Africa
Authors: Singh Hina , Mian Syed Yusuf , Pandey Alok K , Krishna Sri , Anand Gaurav , Reddy K Sony , Chaturvedi Neha , Bahl Vanndita , Hans Nidhi , Shukla Man Mohan , Bassat Quique , Mayor Alfredo , Miura Kazutoyo , Bharti Praveen K , Long Carole , Singh Neeru , Chauhan Virander Singh , Gaur Deepak 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Targeting multiple key antigens that mediate distinct Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte invasion pathways is an attractive approach for the development of blood-stage malaria vaccines. However, the challenge is to identify antigen cocktails that elicit potent strain-transcending parasite-neutralizing antibodies efficacious at low immunoglobulin G concentrations feasible to achieve through vaccination. Previous reports have screened inhibitory antibodies primarily against well adapted laboratory parasite clones. However, validation of the parasite-neutralizing efficacy against clinical isolates with minimal in vitro cultivation is equally significant to better ascertain their prospective in vivo potency.

Methods
We evaluated the parasite-neutralizing activity of different antibodies individually and in combinations against laboratory adapted clones and clinical isolates. Clinical isolates were collected from Central India and Mozambique, Africa, and characterized for their invasion properties and genetic diversity of invasion ligands.

Results
In our portfolio, we evaluated 25 triple antibody combinations and identified the MSP-Fu+CyRPA+RH5 antibody combination to elicit maximal parasite neutralization against P. falciparum clinical isolates with variable properties that underwent minimal in vitro cultivation.

Conclusions
The MSP-Fu+CyRPA+RH5 combination exhibited highly robust parasite neutralization against P. falciparum clones and clinical isolates, thus substantiating them as promising candidate antigens and establishing a proof of principle for the development of a combinatorial P. falciparum blood-stage malaria vaccine.
Great power rivalry and the agency of secondary states: a study based on China’s relations with Southeast Asian countries
Authors: Zha Wen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn recent years, many observers perceive ascendant Chinese influence in Southeast Asia. Existing research attributes China’s recent advances in the region to Beijing’s successful implementation of a dual strategy of coercion and inducement or Washington’s lack of commitments to the region. In a departure from the literature, this article emphasizes the agency of Southeast Asian states. It argues that great power competition empowers the secondary states by reducing their vulnerability, increasing available resources, and lending credibility to their threat of exists. As a result, domestic agenda plays a predominant role in determining a secondary state’s foreign policy orientation. To illustrate this proposition, the changing dynamics of China’s relations with Myanmar and the Philippines are examined closely. This article demonstrates that although the two states had realigned away from China since 2010–11, new agendas that emerged from their domestic politics in late 2016 tipped the balance in favor of China.
Voluntary Ecolabels in International Trade Law: A Case Study of the EU Ecolabel
Authors: Du Ming 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
One category of voluntary approaches to environmental governance is ecolabels used to nudge consumers towards purchasing environmentally friendly products. The purpose of this article is to critically review the trade law implications of voluntary ecolabels, with special reference to the EU Ecolabel. For a long time, the lack of trade disputes related to the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement) before the World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Body rendered research on the legality of voluntary ecolabels in trade law unavoidably speculative. Consequently, the existing scholarship has failed to inform the environment law community clearly how trade law views voluntary ecolabels. This article aims to fill the gap in the literature by evaluating the consistency of the EU Ecolabel with the TBT rules. The article concludes that it is highly unlikely that the EU Ecolabel may be found inconsistent with the TBT Agreement. Nevertheless, there remains some legal risks.
Educating Landowners on Forest-Based Alternative Income Streams in North Carolina: Program Evaluation and Lessons Learned
Authors: Parajuli Rajan , Chizmar Stephanie , Megalos Mark , Bardon Robert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractForest-based payments for ecosystem services markets have grown considerably in recent years. Besides timber products from harvests, forests offer multiple nontimber and intrinsic benefits, which could be important sources of income for landowners. In summer 2019, we organized four region-specific educational workshops all across North Carolina to educate landowners, Extension agents, and natural resource professionals about these alternative forest-based income streams. In this article, we cover the topics included in those workshops, postworkshop evaluation, and lessons learned from those events, which provide useful insights for Extension and outreach professionals in program design and delivery in forest-based payments for ecosystem service markets.Study ImplicationsThis article presents the details of a program, postworkshop evaluation, and lessons learned, which serve as useful guidelines for Extension and outreach educators in designing and delivering similar programs in forest-based alternative income streams. Although markets for ecosystem services are improving worldwide along with increasing research and outreach efforts in forest-based intrinsic benefits, results from evaluation surveys suggest that attendees had limited knowledge in forest carbon markets, wetland mitigation banking, and conservation easements in North Carolina. More region-specific Extension and outreach programs highlighting the locally available nontimber market options are recommended all across the country. Similarly, partnerships with other state agencies and institutions in program planning, advertisement, and delivery would improve effectiveness of similar Extension and outreach programs.
Epigastric heteropagus and omphalocele
Authors: Falyoun Mohammad Saeed , Mashlah Qusai , Aldiri Qusai , Mohamad Ali Ramadan , Daowd Lina Khalil , Ayash Malek 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We report a case of epigastric heteropagus twins with omphalocele. The parasite had two lower limbs, genitalia with developed phallus and scrotum but absent testis and absent anus. An omphalocele was present just below the attachment of the parasitic twin. No kidney or ureter but only a bladder filled with urine seen during exploration. The parasite bowel was attached to an omphalocele sac prolapsing through it and there was connection to the autosite liver, which forms the main source of its blood supply. Surgery was performed in the neonatal period (Day 12 after birth) for both excision of epigastric heteropagus and omphalocele repair.
Abscisic acid homeostasis is mediated by feedback regulation of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124
Authors: Xie Yinpeng , Bao Chana , Chen Pengxiang , Cao Fuguo , Liu Xiaofang , Geng Dali , Li Zhongxing , Li Xuewei , Hou Nan , Zhi Fang , Niu Chundong , Zhou Shuangxi , Zhan Xiangqiang , Ma Fengwang , Guan Qingmei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in various plant processes. In response to drought stress, plants quickly accumulate ABA, but the regulatory mechanism of ABA accumulation is largely unknown, especially in woody plants. In this study, we report that MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 are myeloblastosis (MYB) transcription factors critical for ABA accumulation in apple trees (Malus x domestica) following drought, and this regulation is negatively controlled by ABA. MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 positively regulate leaf water transpiration, photosynthetic capacity, and stress endurance in apple trees under drought conditions. MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 regulate the expression of biosynthetic and catabolic genes of ABA, as well as drought- and ABA- responsive genes. MdMYB88 associates with promoter regions of the ABA biosynthetic gene 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 3 (NCED3). Finally, expression of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 is repressed by ABA. Our results identify a feedback regulation of MdMYB88 and MdMYB124 in modulating ABA homeostasis in apple trees.
The logic of uncertainty in law and life
Authors: Clermont Kevin M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
My central interest is decision making in the presence of epistemic uncertainty. A method appropriate for both specialized inquiries and everyday reasoning is based on credal logic, which employs multivalent degrees of belief rather than traditional probability theory. It accounts for epistemic uncertainty as unallocated belief. It holds that, when facing real uncertainty, if a person believes a and believes b, then the person believes a and b together. This brand of multivalent logic underlies and justifies how legal decision makers and the rest of us find facts in a world infused with epistemic uncertainty. Indeed, this article closes by showing the equivalence of multivalent logic and inference to the best explanation. By demonstrating this similarity in reasoning, I aim to shore up our faith in the logic of traditional legal reasoning.
Contrasting Gene Decay in Subterranean Vertebrates: Insights from Cavefishes and Fossorial Mammals
Authors: Policarpo Maxime , Fumey Julien , Lafargeas Philippe , Naquin Delphine , Thermes Claude , Naville Magali , Dechaud Corentin , Volff Jean-Nicolas , Cabau Cedric , Klopp Christophe , Møller Peter Rask , Bernatchez Louis , García-Machado Erik , Rétaux Sylvie , Casane Didier 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEvolution sometimes proceeds by loss, especially when structures and genes become dispensable after an environmental shift relaxes functional constraints. Subterranean vertebrates are outstanding models to analyze this process, and gene decay can serve as a readout. We sought to understand some general principles on the extent and tempo of the decay of genes involved in vision, circadian clock, and pigmentation in cavefishes. The analysis of the genomes of two Cuban species belonging to the genus Lucifuga provided evidence for the largest loss of eye-specific genes and nonvisual opsin genes reported so far in cavefishes. Comparisons with a recently evolved cave population of Astyanax mexicanus and three species belonging to the Chinese tetraploid genus Sinocyclocheilus revealed the combined effects of the level of eye regression, time, and genome ploidy on eye-specific gene pseudogenization. The limited extent of gene decay in all these cavefishes and the very small number of loss-of-function mutations per pseudogene suggest that their eye degeneration may not be very ancient, ranging from early to late Pleistocene. This is in sharp contrast with the identification of several vision genes carrying many loss-of-function mutations in ancient fossorial mammals, further suggesting that blind fishes cannot thrive more than a few million years in cave ecosystems.
Statistical mechanics of chromosomes:in vivoandin silicoapproaches reveal high-level organization and structure arise exclusively through mechanical feedback between loop extruders and chromatin substrate properties
Authors: He Yunyan , Lawrimore Josh , Cook Diana , Van Gorder Elizabeth Erin , De Larimat Solenn Claire , Adalsteinsson David , Forest M Gregory , Bloom Kerry 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe revolution in understanding higher order chromosome dynamics and organization derives from treating the chromosome as a chain polymer and adapting appropriate polymer-based physical principles. Using basic principles, such as entropic fluctuations and timescales of relaxation of Rouse polymer chains, one can recapitulate the dominant features of chromatin motion observed in vivo. An emerging challenge is to relate the mechanical properties of chromatin to more nuanced organizational principles such as ubiquitous DNA loops. Toward this goal, we introduce a real-time numerical simulation model of a long chain polymer in the presence of histones and condensin, encoding physical principles of chromosome dynamics with coupled histone and condensin sources of transient loop generation. An exact experimental correlate of the model was obtained through analysis of a model-matching fluorescently labeled circular chromosome in live yeast cells. We show that experimentally observed chromosome compaction and variance in compaction are reproduced only with tandem interactions between histone and condensin, not from either individually. The hierarchical loop structures that emerge upon incorporation of histone and condensin activities significantly impact the dynamic and structural properties of chromatin. Moreover, simulations reveal that tandem condensin–histone activity is responsible for higher order chromosomal structures, including recently observed Z-loops.
Digitization of Buddhism (Digital Humanities and Buddhist Studies)
Authors: Bingenheimer Marcus 
Published: September 2020

The period between 1990 and 2010 saw a momentous change in the way humans store information. The transition from a society that encodes its information mainly in analogue ways to one that relies mainly on digital media has far-reaching consequences for each of its subsystems, including religion and academia. The well-understood materiality of analogue media, which encode information in unique, persistent, easily addressable items, which are embedded in economic and legal arrangements, has been replaced by a regime where most information is encoded digitally. Computationally mediated, digital information can be quickly produced, changed, multiplied, and transmitted, but is always reliant on a many-layered infrastructure of network, hardware, and software standards. How is Buddhist heritage digitized and how does that impact Buddhist studies? Buddhists, from the very beginning of their tradition, have often been “early adopters” and eager to use whatever new media were available to store, manage, and transmit their cultural heritage. With the advent of writing in India, Buddhism is mentioned in the earliest examples of Indian epigraphy (the Aśokan edicts, 3rd century bce), and the oldest surviving Indian manuscripts (c. 1st century ce) are of Buddhist texts. In China, Buddhism became the first religion to make use of printing to copy their sacred scriptures. Famously, the earliest dated printed book (868 ce) is a Chinese version of the Diamond Sutra. In Buddhist studies, like in other fields of academic inquiry, researchers had to learn within a generation to digitally access and manage primary sources (see Digitization of Primary Sources) and research tools (see Digitization of Research Tools). Cyberspace has become a new frontier for research into contemporary Buddhism (see Buddhism in Cyberspace). Similar to other fields in the Humanities, the application of research methods specific to digital data (see Application of Computational Methods in Buddhist Studies), however, is still in its infancy. This article is neither a link list, nor a bibliography in the traditional sense, but an attempt to survey the landscape of initiatives and approaches toward the use of computational methods in Buddhist studies. To prevent link rot, I cite URLs only where projects are not easily findable via a simple online search for their name. Most of the resources in this article are the product of teamwork; very few are created by a single person alone. Because of this, I generally forgo mentioning individuals, focusing instead on the institutions that maintain a resource. Acronyms are only given where they are widely used.
Do Stay at Home Orders and Cloth Face Coverings Control COVID-19 in New York City? Results From a SIER Model Based on Real-world Data
Authors: Li Jian , Wang Yuming , Wu Jing , Ai Jing-Wen , Zhang Hao-Cheng , Gamber Michelle , Li Wei , Zhang Wen-Hong , Sun Wen-Jie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Public health interventions have been implemented to contain the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in New York City. However, the assessment of those interventions—for example, social distancing and cloth face coverings—based on real-world data from published studies is lacking.

Methods
The Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) compartmental model was used to evaluate the effect of social distancing and cloth face coverings on the daily culminative laboratory confirmed cases in New York City (NYC) and COVID-19 transmissibility. The latter was measured by Rt reproduction numbers in 3 phases that were based on 2 interventions implemented during this timeline.

Results
Transmissibility decreased from phase 1 to phase 3. The initial R0 was 4.60 in phase 1 without any intervention. After social distancing, the Rt value was reduced by 68%, while after the mask recommendation, it was further reduced by ~60%.

Conclusions
Interventions resulted in significant reduction of confirmed case numbers relative to predicted values based on the SEIR model without intervention. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of social distancing and cloth face coverings in slowing down the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in NYC.
Acute Weight Gain After Switch to Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Authors: Selvaraj Shailendra V , Bares Sara H , Havens Joshua P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We report a case of acute weight gain after switching from emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil to emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide for human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis.
Gender and culture
Authors: Giuliano Paola 
Published: September 2020

Abstract: This paper reviews the literature on gender and culture. Gender gaps in various outcomes (competitiveness, labour force participation, and performance in mathematics, among many others) show remarkable differences across countries and tend to persist over time. The economics literature initially explained these differences by looking at standard economic variables such as the level of development, women’s education, the expansion of the service sector, and discrimination. More recent literature has argued that gender differences in a variety of outcomes could reflect underlying cultural values and beliefs. This article reviews the literature on the relevance of culture in the determination of different forms of gender gap. I examine how differences in historical situations could have been relevant in generating gender differences and the conditions under which gender norms tend to be stable or to change over time, emphasizing the role of social learning. Finally, I review the role of different forms of cultural transmission in shaping gender differences, distinguishing between channels of vertical transmission (the role of the family), horizontal transmission (the role of peers), and oblique transmission (the role of teachers or role models).