bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autophagy in T‐cell differentiation, survival and memory
Authors: Wang Liqing , Das Jugal Kishore , Kumar Anil , Peng Hao‐Yun , Ren Yijie , Xiong Xiaofang , Yang Jin‐Ming , Song Jianxun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOver the past decade, autophagy has emerged as a critical regulatory mechanism of the immune system through critically controlling various aspects of T cell biology and determining the fate of different T cell subsets. Autophagy maintains T cell development and survival by regulating the degradation of organelles and apoptotic proteins. The autophagic process also impacts the formation of memory T cells. Alteration of autophagy in T cells may lead to a variety of pathological conditions such as inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer. In this review, we discuss how autophagy impacts T cell differentiation, survival and memory, and its implication in immunotherapy for various diseases.
Dirty money: Does the risk of infectious disease lower demand for cash?
Authors: Cevik Serhan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic is a global crisis like no other in modern times, and there is a growing apprehension about handling potentially contaminated cash. This paper is the first empirical attempt in the literature to investigate whether the risk of infectious diseases affects demand for physical cash. Since the intensity of cash use may influence the spread of infectious diseases, this paper utilizes two‐stage least squares methodology with instrumental variable to address omitted variable bias and account for potential endogeneity. The empirical analysis indicates that the spread of infectious diseases lowers demand for physical cash, after controlling for macroeconomic, financial, and technological factors. This effect, withstanding several robustness checks, is economically and statistically significant. While the transactional constraints imposed by the coronavirus pandemic could become a catalyst for the use of digital technologies around the world, electronic payment methods may not be universally available in every country owing to financial and technological bottlenecks.
A game‐theoretic approach for the location of terror response facilities with both disruption risk and hidden information
Authors: Li Qing , Li Mingchu , Gan Jianyuan , Guo Cheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecently, locating emergency response facilities has been drawing increasing attention with the highly strategic nature of terrorist attacks. To this end, we present a game‐theoretic approach for the location of terror response facilities when both disruption risk and hidden information are taken into account. The game is described as a two‐stage game, in which the first stage allows the State, that is, defender, to locate the terror response facilities, including disclosed and undisclosed facilities, and assign them to the attacked city, while the second stage allows the terrorist, that is, attacker, to select one city to attack with partial information about facility location and assignment. We propose a mixed integer bi‐level nonlinear programming formulation, and in response, a heuristic algorithm is developed to find the equilibrium solution. Extensive computational tests on both synthetic data and a real‐world dataset of provincial capital cities in China demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed algorithm.
Esophageal deviation with vacuum suction and mechanical deflection during ablation of atrial fibrillation: First in man evaluation
Authors: Aguinaga Luis , Palazzo Alejandro , Bravo Alejandro , Lizarraga Gabriela , Sandoval Daisy , Figueroa Eduardo , Juri Teresa , Daoud Emile G. , Weiss Raul 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDeviation of the esophagus during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation can reduce esophageal injury. This study reports upon a novel esophageal retractor that utilizes vacuum suction and mechanical deflection to deviate the esophagus. The device was used in seven patients undergoing cryoballoon AF ablation. The esophagus was deviated 31.9 ± 4.4 mm to the right and 28.2 ± 5.9 mm to the left. Endoscopy at 4.4 ± 1.5 days postablation showed no esophageal injury. This study demonstrates the safe and effective deviation of the esophagus without a trailing edge with an esophageal retractor utilizing vacuum suction and mechanical deflection.
Immediate placement of single implants with or without immediate provisionalization in the maxillary aesthetic region: A 5‐year comparative study
Authors: Slagter Kirsten W. , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Hentenaar Diederik F. M. , Vissink Arjan , Meijer Henny J. A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo compare marginal bone level changes around immediately placed and immediately provisionalized implants with immediately placed and delayed provisionalized implants in the aesthetic region after five years of function.Materials and MethodsForty patients with a failing tooth in the maxillary anterior region were randomly assigned immediate implant placement with immediate (Group A: n = 20) or delayed (Group B: n = 20) provisionalization. Definitive crown placement occurred three months after provisionalization. The primary outcomes were changes in marginal bone level. In addition, survival rates, buccal bone thickness, soft peri‐implant tissues, aesthetics and patient‐reported outcomes were assessed.ResultsAfter 5 years, the mean mesial and distal marginal bone level changes were 0.71 ± 0.68 mm and 0.71 ± 0.71 mm, respectively, in group A and 0.49 ± 0.52 mm and 0.54 ± 0.64 mm, respectively, in group B; the difference between the groups was not significant (p = .305 and p = .477, respectively). Implant and restoration survivals were 100%. No clinically relevant differences in buccal bone thickness or in mid‐facial peri‐implant mucosal level, aesthetic and patient outcomes were observed.ConclusionsThe mean marginal bone level changes following immediate implant placement and provisionalization were comparable with immediate implant placement and delayed provisionalization. (www.isrctn.com: ISRCTN57251089 and www.trialregister.nl: NL8255).
AmplifEYE assisted colonoscopy versus standard colonoscopy: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Sze Shun Fung , Cheung Wing I , Wong Wai Chuen , Hui Yee Tak , Lam Jodis Ting Wa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and AimAmplifEYE is a mucosal exposure device mounted to the tip of colonoscope to improve polyp or adenoma detection. We aim to compare the adenoma detection rates (ADR) of AmplifEYE‐assisted colonoscopy (AC) with standard colonoscopy (SC).MethodsWe performed a randomized controlled trial involving patients aged 50 to 79 who underwent AC or SC in two centers. Procedures were performed by five experienced colonoscopists.ResultsThree hundred fifty‐five patients were recruited, with 334 patients (170 AC and 164 SC) included into analysis. The ADR was numerically higher in AC (47.1%) versus SC (40.9%), P = 0.253. The polyp detection rate (PDR) in AC was 68.2% versus 54.3% in SC, P = 0.009, and serrated polyp detection rate (SDR) in AC was 37.6% versus 20.1% in SC, P < 0.001, both statistically significant higher in the study group. The mean cecal intubation time was shorter with AmplifEYE (8.0 min in AC vs 8.9 min in SC, P = 0.030), and there was no difference in pain score (3 in AC vs 4 in SC, P = 0.121).ConclusionsAmplifEYE‐assisted colonoscopy significantly improved the PDR and SDR, while the ADR was numerically higher in AC that did not reach statistical significance. Using the device resulted in shorter cecal intubation time and did not cause more pain.
Parent perceptions regarding literacy instruction for students with intellectual disability
Authors: Wakeman S. Y. , Pennington R. , Cerrato B. , Saunders A. , Ahlgrim‐Delzell L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundParents offer a unique perspective as they may view literacy instruction through the lens of its direct impact on their child's daily life. Further, they are likely to provide insight into the interactions between the perceived effectiveness of instruction and their expectations for their child's success. The purposes of the current investigation were to explore perceptions of parents of children with intellectual disability (ID) related to their child's literacy instruction in schools and understand parental expectations for their child's literacy performance.MethodsIn the current investigation, we surveyed 211 parents of children with ID in one state within the USA to identify their perceptions related to their child's literacy outcomes and instruction. The survey instrument contained 25 items including 9 multiple‐choice, 12 multiple‐selection, 2 open‐response and 2 rank order items.ResultsData indicated significant differences across grade bands related to the type of skills students engage in learning, the importance of specific literacy skills and the challenges or barriers for students to engage in literacy instruction. The overwhelming majority of parents reported their child learning to read as very important and believe there is a difference in life outcomes between children who can read written words and those who cannot. Parents of elementary school children report barriers of disruptive behaviour, the inability of children to remain seated and distractibility more so than parents of secondary students. Parents of high school students reported a lack of instructional time more often than parents of middle and elementary school.ConclusionsWhile parents across grade bands reported the importance of literacy skills for students with ID and instruction in reading comprehension, listening comprehension and vocabulary, some differences were noted. Only half the parents reported an increased focus on literacy instruction, including on essential skills (e.g. decoding), in the earlier grades. Problem behaviour and motivation served as barriers to literacy for elementary students, and a lack of instructional time served as a barrier to writing for high school students.
Recognising and responding to intimate partner violence using telehealth: Practical guidance for nurses and midwives
Authors: Jack Susan M. , Munro‐Kramer Michelle L. , Williams Jessica R. , Schminkey Donna , Tomlinson Elizabeth , Jennings Mayo‐Wilson Larissa , Bradbury‐Jones Caroline , Campbell Jacquelyn C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo synthesise the current, global evidence‐informed guidance that supports nurses and midwives to recognise and respond to intimate partner violence (IPV), and how these practices can be translated from face‐to‐face encounters to care that is delivered through telehealth.BackgroundCOVID‐19‐related social and physical distancing measures increase the risk for individuals who are socially isolated with partners who perpetuate violence. Providing support through telehealth is one strategy that can mitigate the pandemic of IPV, while helping patients and providers stay safe from COVID‐19.Design and MethodsIn this discursive paper, we describe how practical guidance for safely recognising and responding to IPV in telehealth encounters was developed. The ADAPT‐ITT (Assessment, Decisions, Administration, Production, Topical Experts, Integration, Testing, Training) framework was used to guide the novel identification and adaptation of evidence‐informed guidance. We focused on the first six stages of the ADAPT‐ITT framework.ConclusionsThis paper fills a gap in available guidance, specifically for IPV recognition and response via telehealth. We present strategies for prioritising safety and promoting privacy while initiating, managing or terminating a telehealth encounter with patients who may be at risk for or experiencing IPV. Strategies for assessment, planning and intervention are also summarised. System‐level responses, such as increasing equitable access to telecommunication technology, are also discussed.Relevance to clinical practiceIntegrating innovative IPV‐focused practices into telehealth care is an important opportunity for nurses and midwives during the current global COVID‐19 pandemic. There are also implications for future secondary outbreaks, natural disasters or other physically isolating events, for improving healthcare efficiency, and for addressing the needs of vulnerable populations with limited access to health care.
Assessment of risk factors for cystic periventricular leukomalacia
Authors: Kurimoto Tomonori , Ibara Satoshi , Kamitomo Masato , Tokuhisa Takuya , Maeda Takatsugu , Maede Yoshinobu , Ishihara Chie , Naito Yoshiki , Hirakawa Eiji , Yamamoto Tsuyoshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimPeriventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is an important cause of cerebral palsy in premature infants, and cystic PVL is the most serious form of the disease. The risk factors for cystic PVL in singleton fetuses at a gestational age of <35 weeks are unclear.MethodsThis study included 2013 singleton birth infants delivered at a gestational age of <35 weeks in Kagoshima City Hospital between 2006 and 2017. The findings for 30 infants with cystic PVL were compared with those for 63 matched control infants by gestational age and birth weight.ResultsThe cystic PVL was associated with increased incidence of recurrent late deceleration (L/D) (43.4% vs. 15.9%, P = 0.004) and loss of variability (LOV) (10.0% vs. 0.0%, P = 0.03) in fetal heart rate monitoring and late‐onset circulatory dysfunction (LCD) (33.3% vs. 11.1%, P = 0.02).Logistic regression analysis revealed that recurrent L/D (odds ratio [OR] = 3.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–10.15, P = 0.01) and LCD (OR = 3.41, 95% CI: 1.09–11.04, P = 0.03) were risk factors associated with cystic PVL. LOV was not included in the multivariate analysis as there were too few cases in both the cystic PVL and control groups.ConclusionRecurrent L/D, LOV and LCD are strongly associated with cystic PVL. In cases of fetal acidosis related to recurrent L/D or loss of variability, cystic PVL may occur.
Validation of the scale of assessment of self‐care behaviours for arteriovenous fistula in patients ongoing haemodialysis in Turkey
Authors: İkiz Saime Nuray , Usta Yasemin Yıldırım , Sousa Clemente Neves , Teles Paulo , Dias Vanessa Filipa Ferreira , Magalhães Anna Luiza Pereira , de Sá Basílio Lins Silvia Maria , Ribeiro Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundSeveral guidelines recommend that patients with chronic kidney disease treated by haemodialysis (HD) take care of their own arteriovenous fistula (AVF). The dialysis nurse plays an important role in the development of such self‐care behaviours. A very small number of instruments are available to assess self‐care behaviours with AVF in Turkey.ObjectiveCultural adaptation and psychometric testing of the Turkish version of the scale of assessment of self‐care behaviours with arteriovenous fistula in haemodialysis (ASBHD‐AVF) patients.DesignCross‐sectional validation study.Participants and MeasurementsThis study was conducted involving 160 patients in the Bolu region in Turkey. The guidelines provided by Sousa and Rojjanasrirat were taken into account in the scale translation, adaptation and validation process. Validity was analysed through content validity and construct validity. The latter was measured through principal component analysis with varimax rotation, considering only factor loadings of 0.30 or larger. Reliability analysis was based on internal consistency measured by Cronbach's α.ResultsA two‐factor structure was extracted explaining 59.01% of the total variance. Cronbach's α was 0.91, 0.85 and 0.84 for the overall scale, the self‐care in prevention of complications subscale and the self‐care in management of signs and symptoms subscale, respectively.ConclusionsThe Turkish version of the scale of ASBHD‐AVF patients is a reliable and valid instrument and can therefore be used.
Serum immunoglobulin E responses to aeroallergens in cats with naturally occurring airway eosinophilia compared to unaffected control cats
Authors: Buller Maggie C. , Johnson Lynelle R. , Outerbridge Catherine A. , Vernau William , White Stephen D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundEosinophilic airway disease in cats is sometimes described as allergic in origin, but controversy exists in the documentation of allergy in cats and the utility of allergy testing for respiratory tract diseases.ObjectiveTo examine serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) response to aeroallergens in cats with airway eosinophilia.AnimalsFifteen cats with idiopathic eosinophilic airway inflammation and 9 control cats.MethodsProspective, case‐control study. Surplus serum from cats with airway eosinophilia documented by bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage was submitted for IgE measurement using ELISA polyclonal antibody methodology. Responses for regional allergens (fungal organisms, weeds, grasses, trees, mites, insects) were assessed. Results were reported as ELISA absorbance units with scores 0 to 79 considered negative, scores between 80 and 300 considered intermediate, and scores >300 considered positive.ResultsCats with airway eosinophilia had significantly more positive serum IgE responses (25/720) than did healthy controls (5/432,P= .02); however, the number of cats with positive IgE responses (5/15) did not differ from controls (1/9,P= .35). The allergen that most commonly resulted in positive serum IgE response in cats with airway eosinophilia was dust mite (n = 4) followed by 2 types of storage mites (n = 3 each). No control cat tested positive for these allergens.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSerum IgE production against aeroallergens was found in some cats with eosinophilic airway inflammation, but the number of affected cats with positive results did not differ from controls. Further investigation in cats with eosinophilic, mixed, and neutrophilic airway disease in comparison to control cats is warranted.
Disturbance effects on productivity–plant diversity relationships from a 22‐year‐old successional field
Authors: Li Guoyong , Barfknecht David F. , Gibson David John 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsThe productivity–plant diversity relationship is a central subject in ecology under debate for decades. Anthropogenic disturbances have been demonstrated to affect productivity and plant diversity. However, the impact of disturbances on the productivity–diversity relationship is poorly understood.LocationAn old‐field located at the Touch of Nature Environmental Center in Jackson County, Illinois, USA.MethodsA manipulative experiment with fertilizer (unfertilized, fertilized annually, fertilized every five years) and mowing (unmowed, mowed in spring only, mowed in spring and fall) in a successional old‐field began in 1996 to examine disturbance effects on above‐ground net primary productivity (ANPP)–plant diversity relationships. Taxonomic (species richness, T0) and phylogenetic (net relatedness index, NRI) diversity were selected as potential plant diversity metrics.ResultsA unimodal relationship of ANPP with T0 and a negative relationship between ANPP and NRI were found across all treatments and years in this study, but individual years showed different patterns. Fertilization did not affect T0, NRI, and ANPP, whereas mowing stimulated T0 and ANPP but reduced NRI (i.e., increasing phylogenetic diversity) across all survey years. New colonists, especially exotic species introduced under mowing, but not locally extinct species, were more distantly related to resident species than by chance, implying that invasion of exotic species contributes to phylogenetic overdispersion of community assembly in the old‐field. However, the patterns of the unimodal relationship of ANPP with T0 and the negative correlation between ANPP and NRI did not change under fertilization or mowing in this study.ConclusionsAnthropogenic disturbances alter productivity and different dimensions of plant diversity, but do not change the patterns of the productivity–diversity relationships. Our findings highlight the robust relationship between productivity and diversity providing empirical support for productivity as a powerful predictor of plant diversity under intensified human activities.
Shallow‐water habitat use and population parameters of rough‐toothed dolphins, Steno bredanensis (G. Cuvier in Lesson, 1828) in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Rafael R. , Lailson‐Brito José , Kajin Maja , Quintana Carlos Eduardo P. , Pereira Karina S. , Bisi Tatiana L. , Cunha Haydée A. , Azevedo Alexandre F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe rough‐toothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis) is a poorly known species along its distribution especially in the Southern Hemisphere where data on habitat use and population parameters are scarce. Boat‐based surveys were conducted from 2009 to 2017 in a shallow water environment in southeastern Brazil. During focal‐group observations, S. bredanensis was more commonly found in mean depths of 22 m with varying group size and composition. Generalized additive models showed that group size was influenced by environmental variables such as sea surface and bottom temperatures, depth, and season. Photo‐identification effort allowed us to catalogue 173 well‐distinct marked individuals. Estimates of population parameters showed high and constant survival (Φ = 0.99) corroborating site fidelity but time varying capture probabilities (p = .03–.71). An open population model also indicated a small abundance estimate (Nt = 218) of S. bredanensis in the study area, improving knowledge for this species in shallow water environments of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean.
MRI abnormality of the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles and long‐term follow‐up in hypoglycemic encephalopathy: A case report
Authors: Sugimoto Takamichi , Morikawa Yuria , Ishikawa Ruoyi , Abe Takafumi , Ohno Narumi , Giga Mayumi , Naito Hiroyuki , Kono Tomoyuki , Nomura Eiichi , Yamawaki Takemori 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA 32‐year‐old woman had a medical history of a hypoglycemic attack. One year later, she had a second hypoglycemic attack. She could move her limbs after an intravenous glucose injection, but communication difficulty and cerebellar ataxia remained. We found brain MRI abnormalities in the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles and internal capsule. The patient was diagnosed with insulinoma. High‐intensity MRI fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery at the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles remained on the 45th day, but it disappeared after 1.7 years from the second attack. Consciousness improved, but cerebellar ataxia remained. The patient was able to walk without a cane following rehabilitation. There are few case reports of MRI abnormalities in the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles in hypoglycemic encephalopathy. This case showed that infratentorial lesions, such as those in the middle cerebellar peduncles, might be observed on MRI in hypoglycemic encephalopathy that MRI abnormalities might disappear at long‐term follow‐up.