bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Room‐Temperature Colossal Magnetoresistance in Terraced Single‐Layer Graphene
Authors: Hu Junxiong , Gou Jian , Yang Ming , Omar Ganesh Ji , Tan Junyou , Zeng Shengwei , Liu Yanpeng , Han Kun , Lim Zhishiuh , Huang Zhen , Wee Andrew Thye Shen , Ariando Ariando 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDisorder‐induced magnetoresistance (MR) effect is quadratic at low perpendicular magnetic fields and linear at high fields. This effect is technologically appealing, especially in 2D materials such as graphene, since it offers potential applications in magnetic sensors with nanoscale spatial resolution. However, it is a great challenge to realize a graphene magnetic sensor based on this effect because of the difficulty in controlling the spatial distribution of disorder and enhancing the MR sensitivity in the single‐layer regime. Here, a room‐temperature colossal MR of up to 5000% at 9 T is reported in terraced single‐layer graphene. By laminating single‐layer graphene on a terraced substrate, such as TiO2‐terminated SrTiO3, a universal one order of magnitude enhancement in the MR compared to conventional single‐layer graphene devices is demonstrated. Strikingly, a colossal MR of >1000% is also achieved in the terraced graphene even at a high carrier density of ≈1012 cm−2. Systematic studies of the MR of single‐layer graphene on various oxide‐ and non‐oxide‐based terraced surfaces demonstrate that the terraced structure is the dominant factor driving the MR enhancement. The results open a new route for tailoring the physical property of 2D materials by engineering the strain through a terraced substrate.
A Single‐Pixel RGB Device in a Colorful Alphanumeric Electrofluorochromic Display
Authors: Zhang Weiran , Zhang Yu‐Mo , Xie Fuli , Jin Xuchao , Li Jing , Yang Guojian , Gu Chang , Wang Yuyang , Zhang Sean Xiao‐An 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWith the rapid development of human society, consumer electronics have brought marvelous changes to human daily life, but they are accompanied by the much higher demand of display quality and visual experience. Therefore, ideal conversion among the three primary colors—red (R), green (G), and blue (B)—in a single pixel has been a better way to avoid the insurmountable technical barrier of subpixel technology of modern displays. Electrofluorochromic (EFC) materials capable of a novel luminescent switching, open a powerful way to design optoelectronic devices for displays and information storage etc. Colorful EFC devices, especially emitting the ideal three primary colors without subpixel technology, have been a challenge for years. Herein, a long‐awaited single‐pixel device with RGB color is fabricated successfully based on proton‐coupled electron transfer. The RGB EFC device exhibits outstanding EFC properties, such as low turn‐on voltage (+1.0 and −1.0 V), large color gamut, and good stability (500 cycles for each color). Prototypes of colorful alphanumeric displays are well demonstrated in a facile way. The success of this new exploration of single‐pixel RGB EFC device not only provides the possibility of full‐color emission in EFC devices, but also will widely broaden the EFC system and their applications.
Self‐Assembly of Colloidal Nanoparticles into Well‐Ordered Centimeter‐Long Rods via Crack Engineering
Authors: Xie Jingli , Guo Junchang , Wang Dehui , Cang Yu , Zhang Wenluan , Zhou Jiajia , Peng Bo , Li Yanbo , Cui Jiaxi , Chen Longquan , Fytas George , Deng Xu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSelf‐assembly of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) is widely employed in nanofabrication to have regulated shape with fascinating functions. However, to have a specific desired shape at centimeter‐scale without template is challenging. Herein, by harnessing the colloidal nanoparticle thin film crack engineering, robust and highly transparent centimeter‐scale rods with uniform width and thickness are obtained. The dimension of these rods can be tailored via controlling the solvent composition, NPs volume fraction, and suspension descending rate. Their mechanical stiffness and elastic properties can be further improved by thermal annealing. It is demonstrated that these rods can be used as probes for surface enhanced Raman scattering detection making use of their rich nanostructured surface. This crack engineering strategy can be used as a universal method to assemble the nanoscale colloids into centimeter‐scale rods for analytical and photoelectrical applications.
Unconventional Device and Material Approaches for Monolithic Biointegration of Implantable Sensors and Wearable Electronics
Authors: Koo Ja Hoon , Song Jun‐Kyul , Yoo Seungwon , Sunwoo Sung‐Hyuk , Son Donghee , Kim Dae‐Hyeong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractImplantable biosensors and wearable bioelectronics need to be intimately interfaced with soft human tissues for a high‐quality health diagnosis and feedback therapy. Despite the recent developments in these devices, it is essential to further enhance their performance and functionalities in order to facilitate the formation of intimate interfaces between the devices and the human body. This will help minimize the unwanted injuries to target tissues, enhance the efficiency of sensing and therapy, and achieve long‐term biocompatibility. In this regard, the physiological and mechanical properties of the target tissues need to be considered carefully when designing the materials and devices to be employed in implantable and wearable electronics. Herein, a discussion of the recent developments in implantable biosensors and wearable electronics, based on unconventional device designs and material approaches, is presented. This review particularly focuses on the design principles of devices and materials that enable an intimate integration of biosensing devices with soft tissues and target organs. In addition, recent developments of electronics employed in stand‐alone wearable biomedical systems, such as wearable displays and energy devices, are presented. Moreover, future prospects for emerging approaches that could enable further developments of implantable biosensors and wearable electronics are also discussed.
Functionalized Block Co‐Polymer Pro‐Drug Nanoparticles with Anti‐Cancer Efficacy in 3D Spheroids and in an Orthotopic Triple Negative Breast Cancer Model
Authors: Taresco Vincenzo , Abelha Thais F. , Cavanagh Robert J. , Vasey Catherine E. , Anane‐Adjei Akosua B. , Pearce Amanda K. , Monteiro Patrícia F. , Spriggs Keith A. , Clarke Philip , Ritchie Alison , Martin Stewart , Rahman Ruman , Grabowska Anna M. , Ashford Marianne B. , Alexander Cameron 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAmphiphilic block co‐polymers composed of poly(ethylene glycol)‐co‐poly(lactide)‐co‐poly(2‐((tert‐butoxycarbonyl)amino)‐3‐propyl carbonate) (PEG‐pLA‐pTBPC) are synthesized in monomer ratios and arrangements to enable assembly into nanoparticles with different sizes and architectures. These materials are based on components in clinical use, or known to be biodegradable, and retain the same fundamental chemistry across “AB” and “BAB” block architectures. In MCF7 and MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, nanoparticles of <100 nm are internalized most rapidly, by both clathrin‐ and caveolin‐mediated pathways. In THP‐1 cells, polymer architecture and length of the hydrophilic block is the most important factor in the rate of internalization. The organ distributions of systemically injected nanoparticles in healthy mice indicate highest accumulation of the BAB‐blocks in lungs and liver and the lowest accumulation in these organs of a methoxyPEG5000‐pLA‐pTBPC polymer. Conjugation of doxorubicin via a serum‐stable urea linker to the carbonate regions of PEG5000‐pLA‐pTBPC generates self‐assembling nanoparticles which are more cytotoxic in 2D, and penetrate further in 3D spheroids of triple negative breast cancer cells, than the free drug. In an aggressive orthotopic triple negative breast cancer mouse model, the methoxyPEG5000‐pLA‐pTBPC is of similar potency to free doxorubicin but with no evidence of adverse effects in terms of body weight.
Spatial Distribution Recast for Organic Bulk Heterojunctions for High‐Performance All‐Inorganic Perovskite/Organic Integrated Solar Cells
Authors: Chen Weijie , Li Dong , Chen Shanshan , Liu Shuo , Shen Yunxiu , Zeng Guang , Zhu Xiaozhang , Zhou Erjun , Jiang Lin , Li Yaowen , Li Yongfang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAll‐inorganic CsPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells (pero‐SCs) exhibit excellent overall stability, but their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) are greatly limited by their wide bandgaps. Integrated solar cells (ISCs) are considered to be an emergent technology that could extend their photoresponse by directly stacking two distinct photoactive layers with complementary bandgaps. However, rising photocurrents always sacrifice other photovoltaic parameters, thereby leading to an unsatisfactory PCE. Here, a recast strategy is proposed to optimize the spatial distribution components of low‐bandgap organic bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) film, and is combined with an all‐inorganic perovskite to construct perovskite/BHJ ISCs. With this strategy, the integrated perovskite/BHJ film with a top‐enriched donor‐material spatial distribution is shown to effectively improve ambipolar charge transport behavior and suppress charge carrier recombination. For the first time, the ISC is not only significantly extended and enhanced the photoresponse achieving a 20% increase in current density, but also exhibits a high open‐circuit voltage and fill factor at the same time. As a result, a record PCE of 11.08% based on CsPbIBr2 pero‐SCs is realized; it simultaneously shows excellent long‐term stability against heat and ultraviolet light.
NMR‐Studien an biologischen Makromolekülen (>100 kDa) ohne Notwendigkeit der Deuterierung: Das XL‐ALSOFAST Experiment mit verzögerter Entkopplung
Authors: Rößler Philip , Mathieu Daniel , Gossert Alvar D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDie aktuelle strukturbiologische Forschung fokussiert sich zunehmend auf humane Proteine und deren Komplexe. Diese Proteine müssen häufig in höheren eukaryotischen Expressionssystemen produziert werden, in welchen die Deuterierung des Proteins nur schwer umzusetzen ist. Dies limitiert die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der NMR‐Spektroskopie stark für diese Systeme. In diesem Artikel präsentieren wir das XL‐ALSOFAST‐[13C,1H]‐HMQC‐Experiment, welches sich durch eine stark verbesserte Sensitivität auf vollständig protonierten, hochmolekularen Komplexen auszeichnet. Im Durchschnitt konnte bei den getesteten Systemen mit Massen zwischen 100 und 240 kDa eine Verbesserung der Sensitivität um den Faktor drei erzielt werden, verglichen mit den aktuell besten publizierten Experimenten. Das Prinzip des XL‐ALSOFAST beruht auf der optimalen Nutzung von passiver Magnetisierung und der Minimierung von transversaler Relaxation durch das in diesem Artikel eingeführte Konzept der verzögerten Entkopplung. Die Kombination aus hoher Sensitivität und überlegener Artefaktunterdrückung macht XL‐ALSOFAST ideal für Untersuchungen an instabilen Membranproteinen oder zur Analyse von therapeutischen Antikörpern bei natürlicher13C‐Häufigkeit. XL‐ALSOFAST und das Konzept der verzögerten Entkopplung wird daher mehr biologisch relevante Systeme für die NMR‐Spektroskopie zugänglich machen.
Programmable Live‐Cell CRISPR Imaging with Toehold‐Switch‐Mediated Strand Displacement
Authors: Hao Yaya , Li Jiang , Li Qian , Zhang Luhao , Shi Jiye , Zhang Xueli , Aldalbahi Ali , Wang Lihua , Fan Chunhai , Wang Fei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe widespread application of CRISPR‐Cas9 has transformed genome engineering. Nevertheless, the precision to control the targeting activity of Cas9 requires further improvement. We report a toehold‐switch‐based approach to engineer the conformation of single guide RNA (sgRNA) for programmable activation of Cas9. This activation circuit is responsive to multiple inputs and can regulate the conformation of the sgRNA through toehold‐switch‐mediated strand displacement. We demonstrate the orthogonal suppression and activation of Cas9 with orthogonal DNA inputs. Combination of toehold switches leads to a variety of intracellular Cas9 activation programs with simultaneous and orthogonal responses, through which multiple genome loci are displayed in different colors in a controllable manner. This approach provides a new route for programing CRISPR in living cells for genome imaging and engineering.
J‐Aggregate‐Based FRET Monitoring of Drug Release from Polymer Nanoparticles with High Drug Loading
Authors: Liu Yun , Yang Guangze , Jin Song , Zhang Run , Chen Peng , Tengjisi  , Wang Lianzhou , Chen Dong , Weitz David A. , Zhao Chun‐Xia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUnderstanding drug‐release kinetics is critical for the development of drug‐loaded nanoparticles. We developed a J‐aggregate‐based Förster‐resonance energy‐transfer (FRET) method to investigate the release of novel high‐drug‐loading (50 wt %) nanoparticles in comparison with low‐drug‐loading (0.5 wt %) nanoparticles. Single‐dye‐loaded nanoparticles form J‐aggregates because of the high dye‐loading (50 wt %), resulting in a large red‐shift (≈110 nm) in the fluorescence spectrum. Dual‐dye‐loaded nanoparticles with high dye‐loading using FRET pairs exhibited not only FRET but also a J‐aggregate red‐shift (116 nm). Using this J‐aggregate‐based FRET method, dye‐core–polymer‐shell nanoparticles showed two release processes intracellularly: the dissolution of the dye aggregates into dye molecules and the release of the dye molecules from the polymer shell. Also, the high‐dye‐loading nanoparticles (50 wt %) exhibited a slow release kinetics in serum and relatively quick release in cells, demonstrating their great potential in drug delivery.
Membrane Chemistry Tunes the Structure of a Peptide Transporter
Authors: Lasitza‐Male Tanya , Bartels Kim , Jungwirth Jakub , Wiggers Felix , Rosenblum Gabriel , Hofmann Hagen , Löw Christian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMembrane proteins require lipid bilayers for function. While lipid compositions reach enormous complexities, high‐resolution structures are usually obtained in artificial detergents. To understand whether and how lipids guide membrane protein function, we use single‐molecule FRET to probe the dynamics of DtpA, a member of the proton‐coupled oligopeptide transporter (POT) family, in various lipid environments. We show that detergents trap DtpA in a dynamic ensemble with cytoplasmic opening. Only reconstitutions in more native environments restore cooperativity, allowing an opening to the extracellular side and a sampling of all relevant states. Bilayer compositions tune the abundance of these states. A novel state with an extreme cytoplasmic opening is accessible in bilayers with anionic head groups. Hence, chemical diversity of membranes translates into structural diversity, with the current POT structures only sampling a portion of the full structural space.
Regeneration of sulfate‐rich postcombustion capture amines through reactive crystallisation
Authors: Garg Bharti , Pearson Pauline , Cousins Ashleigh , McKnight Stafford , Verheyen Vincent 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFlue gas desulfurisation is a prerequisite for successful CO2 capture in coal‐fired power stations utilising aqueous amine absorbents. For nations like Australia, where there is nonexistence of mandatory flue gas desulfurisation, this increases the cost for power plants retrofitting CO2 capture. The CSIRO's CS‐Cap process, a potentially low cost method for combined CO2 and SO2 capture, provides an alternate sulfur management solution to such plants. The CS‐Cap process, however, results in high sulfur‐loaded amines that require continuous regeneration to retain cost benefits. Reactive crystallisation by KOH addition is shown to be successful in removing the bulk of the sulfate from aqueous amines without any additional heating or cooling requirements. Increasing initial sulfate loading by amine recycling initially improves sulfate removal efficiency, up to the postsaturation level where the systems ionic strength determines further sulfate solubility. Oxidative amine degradation had no significant effect on the precipitation efficiency or purity of K2SO4 crystals apart from their slight discoloration. The behaviour of the residual potassium in these regenerated aqueous amines needs further investigation as it could lead to unwanted precipitation inside the absorber column and other parts of the process.
Contextualizing ecological performance: Rethinking monitoring in marine protected areas
Authors: Dunham Anya , Dunham Jason S. , Rubidge Emily , Iacarella Josephine C. , Metaxas Anna 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

The global extent of marine protected areas (MPAs) has increased rapidly in the last decade, and monitoring and evaluation are now required for effective and adaptive management of these areas.
We classify monitoring in MPAs into four categories and identify a critically important, but undervalued category: human pressure monitoring that targets human activities and their impacts.
Human pressure monitoring is fundamental for interpreting the results of ecological performance monitoring and for evaluating MPA management effectiveness. The consequences of ecological performance monitoring that show unsuccessful MPA performance while falsely assuming successful mitigation of human pressures could jeopardize MPA performance analysis and adaptive management, and thus be worse than not monitoring at all.
Human pressure monitoring enables using MPAs as reference areas where the effects of global or regional pressures (e.g. climate change) can be disentangled from the effects of local human activities, as well as to minimize the shifting baseline phenomenon in defining healthy stocks. These benefits cannot be realized without active human pressure monitoring integrated into an adaptive management cycle that ensures effective MPA protection.
In the absence of human pressure monitoring, all ecological monitoring within MPAs falls in the ambient monitoring category: monitoring that is not intended to measure conservation outcomes.
We discuss the implications for monitoring programme design and provide a structure for decision‐makers on how to prioritize monitoring activities within MPAs that place greater emphasis on improving MPAs as biodiversity conservation tools over proving MPA performance.
Hybrid Cobalt and Iron Based Metal Organic Framework Composites as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts towards Long‐Lasting Flexible Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Li Weixin , Wu Chen , Ren Hao , Fang Wei , Zhao Lei , Dinh Khang Ngoc 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHighly efficient and stable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) bifunctional electrocatalysts are urgently needed to realize the implementation of flexible rechargeable Zn‐air batteries (ZABs). Herein, a series of hybrid Co and Fe based metal‐organic frameworks (HCF‐MOFs) are rationally designed and synthesized. The HCF‐MOFs are directly used as electrocatalysts to enable oxygen catalysis. The unique hierarchical structure provides porous channels and ensures high exposure of metal sites, thus boosting the electrocatalytic activity. By composition regulation, the coordination environment of the active centers can be effectively modulated to achieve superior bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic performance. Specifically, an OER overpotential of only 295 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and an ORR half‐wave potential of 0.82 V are obtained by the activated HCF‐MOF, outperforming those of commercial RuO2 and Pt/C. The results elucidate that HCF‐MOF/OOH is formed during oxygen evolution, and serves as the active center. When combined with polyacrylate hydrogel electrolyte, the quasi‐solid‐state flexible ZAB based on HCF‐MOF‐3 delivers the maximum power density of 113.5 mW cm−2, surpassing the Pt/C−RuO2 counterpart. Significantly, the battery exhibits excellent durability whilst being subjected to bending tests. This work demonstrates the prospect of these HCF‐MOFs as bifunctional electrocatalysts for high‐performance ZABs.
The impact of fast fashion retailers' sustainable collections on corporate legitimacy: Examining the mediating role of altruistic attributions
Authors: Miotto Giorgia , Youn Seounmi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the context of the fast fashion industry, this study examined the efficacy of sustainable collections in achieving corporate legitimacy. We examine the ethical branding and organizational legitimacy relationship in the context of the fast fashion industry. We conducted an online experiment with the use of Amazon MTurk in the Unites States. The data were collected from female fast fashion users (N = 389). The data analysis revealed that fast fashion retailers' sustainable collections had a positive impact on corporate legitimacy, CSR perception, brand trust, and purchase intention. This study also uncovered that the company's sustainable collections increased consumers' attributions to altruistic motives and consumers' altruistic attributions had a positive influence on corporate legitimacy, CSR perception, brand trust, and purchase intention. Furthermore, this study found the mediating role of altruistic attributions in explaining the impact of sustainable collections on these four outcome variables. Regarding the sustainable collections' design and production, managerial implications are described as the need to communicate the ethical approach and efforts.
Cranial solitary osseous plasmacytoma and subjacent amyloid deposition in a dog
Authors: Alcoverro Emili , Sánchez‐Masián Daniel , Ricci Emanuele , Schiborra Frederike , Morris Joanna , Finotello Riccardo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSolitary osseous plasmacytomas affecting the vertebrae, the zygomatic arch, and ribs occur in dogs. In this report, we describe clinical and imaging features of a solitary osseous plasmacytoma affecting the skull with deposition of amyloid forming a mass‐like lesion. To the authors' knowledge, no similar cases have been reported before.
Brain abscess and periodontal pathogens (Fusobacterium Nucleatum). Report of a case
Authors: Franceschi Debora , Giuliani Valentina , Giuntini Veronica , Pini Prato Giovanpaolo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPatients who develop brain abscesses must be evaluated through a complete set of diagnostic tests including a microbiological and clinical periodontal assessment. A genetic comparison of the pathogens from intracranial/extracranial sites is necessary.
Mass Transfer Flux of CO2 into Methyldiethanolamine Solution in a Reactive‐Absorption Process
Authors: Ghaemi Ahad , Behroozi Amir Hossein , Mashhadimoslem Hossein 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe mass transfer parameters of both gas and liquid phases affect the mass transfer flux of CO2 in absorption processes. In this study, an accurate correlation is proposed to calculate the CO2 mass transfer flux in an absorption‐reactive process by methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) solution using the Buckingham π theorem. The various parameters include film parameter, CO2 loading, concentration ratio, partial‐to‐total pressure ratio, film thickness ratio, and diffusion ratio which are incorporated in the model. An average absolute relative error of 4.4 % for the calculation of mass transfer flux was stated.