bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nowshera
Authors: Khan Hamzullah , Khan Mohammad Zahid , Naveed Mian Mohammad 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To determine the frequency of COVID-19 and characteristics of patients presenting to the COVID-19 clinic at Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex (QHAMC) Nowshera.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 21st Feb 2019 to April 8, 2020, in QHAMC Nowshera. Relevant information was collected on a pre-designed Performa prepared following the objectives of the study.
Results: Out of 220 patients, 165(75%) were males, and 55(25%) females. 96(43.6%) of the patients were in the age range 18-30 years followed by 52(23.6%) in age range 31-45years and 17(7.7%) with age>60 years etc. Out of total the nasopharyngeal swabs of 26(11.6%) strong suspects were sent for PCR testing. 208(94.5%) were sent home while 12(5.5%) were advised quarantine. Forty-seven (21.4%) had a travel history to an epidemic area in the last 14 days. 51(23.2%) had a positive history of contact. Eighty-five (38.6%) had a fever and sore throat followed by 27(12.3%) with (fever & cough), 24(10.9%) with (cough and shortness of breath/dyspnea) and 14(6.4%) with a simple flue, etc. Out of 26 cases, 6(2.7%) were COVID-19 Positive, 12(5.5%) were negative and results of 8(3.6%) were still awaited. The PCR repeated the test for confirmed cases showed; 4(1.8%) negative, one died and one was refractory positive. A positive correlation (p=0.03, r=0.4) of an increase in age with the severity of the disease/outcome was recorded.
Conclusion: The frequency of infectivity with COVID-19 was 2.6%. A higher number of patients with mild symptoms attend the COVID clinic. The rate of infection and mortality was higher in age> 60 years.
Effect of Vitamin-D supplementation in adults presenting with chronic lower back pain
Authors: Akhtar Rahman Rasool , Ahmed Riaz , Ashraf Sabeen , Ashraf Omair , Shafique Umer , Mureed Ayesha 
Published: June 2020

Background: Chronic pain in the lower back of adults is a common problem and mostly associated with Vitamin D deficiency. Along with standard treatment, vitamin D supplementation can help in early and better relief from back pain.
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in patients with chronic lower back pain.
Study Design & Methods: This Quasi-experimental trial was conducted at Department of Orthopaedics, Benazir Bhutto Hospital for 6 months. The patients aged between 15 to 55 years with chronic low back pain were included and pain score was noted by using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Patients were prescribed with oral vitamin D3 with a dose of 50,000 IU weekly for eight weeks (induction phase) and oral vitamin D3 with a dose of 50,000 IU once monthly for 6 months (maintenance phase). Outcome parameters included pain measured by VAS, functional disability by modified Oswestry disability questionnaire scores, and Vitamin-D3 levels at baseline,2, 3 and 6 months post-supplementation.
Results: Mean age of patients was 44.21± 11.92 years.There were 337 (56.2%) male patients while 263 (43.8%) female patients. Baseline mean vitamin-D levels were 13.32 ± 6.10 ng/mL and increased to 37.18 ± 11.72 post supplementation (P < 0.0001). There was a significant decrease in the pain score after 2nd, 3rd& 6th months (61.7 ± 4.8, 45.2 ± 4.6 & 36.9 ± 7.9, respectively) than 81.2 ± 2.4 before supplementation (P < 0.001). The modified Oswestry disability score also showed significant improvement after 2nd, 3rd& 6thmonths (35.5 ± 11.4, 30.2 ± 9.4 & 25.8 ± 10.6, respectively) as compared to baseline 46.4 ± 13.2 (P < 0.001). About 418 (69.7%) patients attained normal levels after 6 months.
Conclusion: Prescription of Vitamin D in addition to standard therapy for chronic lower back pain can be beneficial in getting relief from pain and improving the functional ability of the patient.
Acute Myocardial Infarction and its association with ABO blood group in Pakistani population
Authors: Iftikhar Imran , Khan Hamid Sharif , Rehman Adeel Ur 
Published: June 2020

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of ABO blood groups among patients with acute myocardial infarction in the Pakistani population
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study
PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY : Department of Interventional Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, from May 2015 to November 2015.
METHODOLOGY: A total of 250 subjects with acute myocardial infarction were included in the study. The study was explained to the patients and informed consent taken. All patients underwent 12 lead electrocardiography using Mortara instrument ELI 250 and were analyzed by a single trained reader unaware of the patients’ blood group. Cardiac troponin levels were assessed at least three hours after the onset of symptoms. The ABO blood group was assessed by using the standard slide agglutination method in the hospital pathology laboratory and verified by the principal investigator. The data was collected on a pre-tested questionnaire by the investigator after taking informed consent from the patient.
RESULTS: In our study, the mean age of patients was 57.3 years. 36.4% were between 18-50 years of age while 63.6%were between 51-80 years of age. 79.2% were male and 20.8% were females. Frequency of ABO blood groups among patients with acute myocardial infarction in our study population was recorded as 28.8% with O +ve , 26% with B+ve, 18.4% with A+ve, 13.2% with AB +ve, 5.6% with A-ve, 4.4% with B-ve, 3.2% with O-ve and 0.4% with AB -ve
CONCLUSION: We concluded that the frequency of acute myocardial infarction in our population is higher among patients having blood group O+ve followed by B+ve blood group.
A Case Report: An Unusual Presentation of Purple Urinary Bag Syndrome
Authors: Alhaddad Juliano , Kosseifi Fares , Raad Nehme , Noujeim Antoine 
Published: June 2020

Background: The Purple Urinary Bag Syndrome (PUBS) is an uncommon and under-reported syndrome. It results from the purple discoloration of urine by tryptophan-oxidizing bacteria in a favorable alkaline milieu and usually affects patients with indwelling catheters. Other risk factors include female gender, chronic constipation, tryptophan-rich diet, and cognitive impairment. Although asymptomatic in the majority of cases, PUBS may be the sole and earliest sign of an aggressive urinary tract infection, especially in elderly patients where the presentation may be atypical and associated with resistant organisms, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). Proper treatment consists of catheter replacement and antibiotic therapy, which is indicated only in the setting of symptomatic infections.

Case Presentation: We report an unusual presentation of PUBS in a 79-year-old male patient with no classical risk factors. The patient had a supra-pubic catheter for urinary retention secondary to urethral strictures. Every month, by the time of catheter exchange, the patient developed an asymptomatic purple discoloration of the urinary bag, which was not investigated until he presented at our facility. Urine analysis revealed acidic urine. Appropriate antibiotic therapy was initiated after the development of urinary symptoms, and the catheter was replaced. No recurrent urine discoloration occurred.

Conclusion: This case represents the rare occurrence of PUBS in the setting of a suprapubic catheter in a male patient. It also highlights that even in atypical presentations, antibiotic therapy should be tailored to the clinical status of the patient and not the mere presence of bacteriuria. Raising awareness about this “esoteric” syndrome is essential for early diagnosis and proper management.
A Blueprint for the Milky Way’s Stellar Populations: The Power of Large Photometric and Astrometric Surveys
Authors: An Deokkeun , Beers Timothy C. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Recent advances from astronomical surveys have revealed spatial, chemical, and kinematical inhomogeneities in the inner region of the stellar halo of the Milky Way. In particular, large spectroscopic surveys, combined with Gaia astrometric data, have provided powerful tools for analyzing the detailed abundances and accurate kinematics for individual stars. Despite these noteworthy efforts, however, spectroscopic samples are typically limited by the numbers of stars considered; their analysis and interpretation are also hampered by the complex selection functions that are often employed. Here we present a powerful alternative approach—a synoptic view of the spatial, chemical, and kinematical distributions of stars in the Milky Way based on large photometric survey databases, enabled by a well-calibrated technique for obtaining individual stellar metal abundances from broadband photometry. We combine metallicities with accurate proper motions from the Gaia mission along the prime meridian of the Galaxy, and find that various stellar components are clearly separated from each other in the metallicity versus rotation-velocity space. The observed metallicity distribution of the inner-halo stars deviates from the traditional single-peaked distribution, and exhibits complex substructures comprising varying contributions from individual stellar populations, sometimes with striking double peaks at low metallicities. The substructures revealed from our less-biased, comprehensive maps demonstrate the clear advantages of this approach, which can be built upon by future multiband photometric surveys, and used as a blueprint for identifying the stars of greatest interest for upcoming spectroscopic studies.
2D and 3D Analysis of a Torus-unstable Quiet-Sun Prominence Eruption
Authors: Rees-Crockford T. , Bloomfield D. S. , Scullion E. , Park S.-H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The role of ideal-MHD instabilities in a prominence eruption is explored through 2D and 3D kinematic analysis of an event observed with the Solar Dynamics Observatory and the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory between 22:06 UT on 2013 February 26 and 04:06 UT on 2013 February 27. A series of 3D radial slits are used to extract height–time profiles ranging from the midpoint of the prominence leading edge to the southeastern footpoint. These height–time profiles are fit with a kinematic model combining linear and nonlinear rise phases, returning the nonlinear onset time (t
nl) as a free parameter. A range (1.5–4.0) of temporal power indices (i.e., β in the nonlinear term

) are considered to prevent prescribing any particular form of nonlinear kinematics. The decay index experienced by the leading edge is explored using a radial profile of the transverse magnetic field from a PFSS extrapolation above the prominence region. Critical decay indices are extracted for each slit at their own specific values of height at the nonlinear phase onset (h(t
nl)) and filtered to focus on instances resulting from kinematic fits with

(restricting β to 1.9–3.9). Based on this measure of the critical decay index along the prominence structure, we find strong evidence that the torus instability is the mechanism driving this prominence eruption. Defining any single decay index as being “critical” is not that critical because there is no single canonical or critical value of decay index through which all eruptions must succeed.
Normal Reference Ranges of Optical Coherence Tomography Parameters in Children
Authors: Krumova Silviya , Sivkova Nelly , Marinov Vassil , Koleva-Georgieva Desislava , Voynikova Desislava 
Published: June 2020

Aim: To measure the macular thickness, macular volume and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in healthy Caucasian chil&shy;dren using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) and analyze the correlation of these values with age, refraction, and biometric measurements.
Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 270 healthy children (150 female and 120 male) aged 6 to 17 years with no ocular abnormalities. All children underwent a detailed eye examination. The measurements were obtained using a SDOCT device (SOCT Copernicus REVO). Main outcome measures were macular thickness, macular volume and RNFL thickness. Their correlations with age, refractive error, anterior chamber depth (ACD) and axial length (AL) was analyzed. Right eyes of all subjects were selected for analysis.
Results: In this study group (mean age 10.70&plusmn;2.82 years), the average peripapillary RNFL thickness was 117.11&plusmn;9.15 &mu;m, the central macular thickness was 232.10&plusmn;15.81 &mu;m, the average macular thickness was 286.70&plusmn;9.82 &mu;m, and the average macular volume was 8.01&plusmn;0.28 mm&sup3;. The average values for the biometric data were: axial length &ndash; 23.16&plusmn;0.94 mm, anterior chamber depth &ndash; 3.64&plusmn;0.26 mm, the spherical equivalent (SE) value &ndash; +0.81&plusmn;0.58 diopter. Central macular thickness, inner macular thickness (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal quadrants) values, total macular thickness and macular volume were significantly higher in males than in females. We found a positive correlation between central macular thickness, inner nasal macular thickness, outer inferior macular thickness values, and age. Also, we found a significant correlation between the average macular thickness values and the average macular volume values (p<0.0001). RNFL measurements did not correlate with age (p=0.199). Almost all macular parameters were consistently positively cor&shy;related with SE. A significant correlation was also found between the central macular thickness, inner inferior macular thickness, inner nasal macular thickness and the ACD. We found a significant correlation between the average macular thickness, macular volume, inner superior macular thickness, outer macular thickness (superior, inferior, nasal, temporal quadrants) values and the AL.
Conclusion: This study found normal reference ranges for RNFL and macular parameters measured by SOCT Copernicus REVO in healthy Caucasian children aged 6-17 years. This normative values could be very useful in early diagnosing and monitoring of optic neuropathy, glaucoma and macular diseases in childhood.
Lumbricides as a bio-indicators of the influence of electrical transmission line in the conditions of Ukrainian Polissia
Authors: Vlasenko Ruslana , Khomyak Ivan , Harbar Oleksandr , Demchuk Nataliia 
Published: June 2020

The complex interaction of a man and the environment requires the creation of algorithms for predict- ing the effects of anthropogenic impact. This requires the creation of the ecosystem models where all their basic elements and relationships are taken into account. One of the most effective methods for choosing the most informative differential elements of a system is the development and the implemen- tation of bio-indication models. Nowadays the important task is the development of the bio-indication methods for various anthropogenic complex effects.
The electrical transmission lines carry out a specific integrated environmental impact. It is created on the changes in the environment under the influence of magnetic and electric fields and the long-term consequences of their interaction with ecosystem components. This effect is negative for the most representatives of biota and for earthworms in particular. We observe how the number of species de- creases, the species diversity reduces and the morphological parameters change towards species with a shorter body length under reaching the electrical transmission lines.
Some genera of the earthworms are able to survive under the effects of the modern electrical transmis- sion lines, although this reflects their abundance and morphological parameters. These species include Aporrectodea caliginosa and Aporrectodea trapezoides. They can be used as diagnostic genera of impact of the electrical transmission lines on biota. They can be genera indicators for the determination of the effect of the electrical transmission lines. The presence of Lumbricus terrestris shows the low electrical transmission line effects, and the presence of Aporrectodea rose&#1072; or Aporrectodea long&#1072; shows low or moderate effects.
We can create bioindication models according to the relations between groups of species of dominant and subdominant specimens formed by the body size. Under the condition of creating a wide data-base and establishing the vitality parameters, it is possible to develop more advanced and efficient algorithms for the synbioindicator analysis of the impact of the electrical transmission lines on the environment.
Testing the Profitability of Technical Trading Rules across Market Cycles: Evidence from India
Authors: Muruganandan S. 
Published: June 2020

This study examines the economic feasibility of technical analysis, such as relative strength index, moving average convergence and divergence in Indian context. Bombay Stock Exchange Sensex Index historical data were collected from BSE data base for the period from February, 2000 to May, 2018. The selected data were further categorised into Bull and Bear markets to test the technical tools performance across market cycle. The results exhibited that relative strength index trading rule failed to deliver the positive return even before deducting transaction cost. However, moving average convergence and divergence trading rules’ sell signal outperformed the unconditional mean return and buy signal mean return, during the Bear market period before deducting transaction cost. However, in accordance with the Sharpe ratio, returns generated were not at the level of risk associated in technical trading rules. The findings question the possibility for traders to consistently earn abnormal return with technical analysis.
Scale Development for M-Commerce Acceptance vis-à-vis Young, Educated, Non-Metropolitan Small Town Consumers in India
Authors: Sabir Lamay Bin , Kirmani Mohd Danish 
Published: June 2020

The primary aim of the present study was to develop a validated measuring scale for m-commerce acceptance among educated young people in non-metropolitan India. Data was generated from students enrolled in higher educational institutions located in Aligarh district in Uttar Pradesh employing a close-ended structured questionnaire. Analysis utilized Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Based on findings, the study proposes Mobile Commerce (MC) scale for measuring the level of m-commerce acceptance by Indian consumers. MC scale comprise of four factors, namely, utility, perceived ease of use, perceived innovation in information technology and intention to use. Findings also revealed that the educated young Indian consumers of non-metropolitan cities are ambitious and choose innovativeness over cost and risk for using new technology. On a broader note, it can be proposed that educated youth of non-metropolitan India resemble their global counterparts through relying more on positive factors than negative factors such as cost and risk.
Resilience and Aggression of Adolescents, Early and Middle-Aged Adults: Analyzing Gender Differences
Authors: Naseem Sabahat , Munaf Seema 
Published: June 2020

The present study aimed to analyze gender difference in resilience and aggression of three developmental stages (adolescence, early adulthood, and middle adulthood). For this, comparative research design was utilized. Through purposive sampling, 600 participants (Mage = 28.24 years, SD = 12.12) with males and females equal in number; were selected from different regions of Karachi, Pakistan. Participants’ demographic information was collected through Respondent Information Form. Resilience and aggression were measured using The Brief Resilience Scale and Short Form of the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, respectively. Data was analyzed through independent samples t-test using SPSS. Results indicated that overall, resilience was significantly higher in males. In adolescence and early adulthood, resilience was higher in males than females, however, in middle adulthood, insignificant gender difference was noted in resilience. Further, overall non-significant gender difference was found in aggression; nevertheless, physical aggression was significantly higher in males, whereas, anger was higher in females. Moreover, insignificant gender difference was also found in aggression concerning the three age groups. This study would help in understanding the role of gender in resilience and aggression in different developmental stages. Additionally, it would assist in developing gender and age specific programs for fostering resilience and managing aggression.
Keywords: Gender, Resilience, Aggression, Adolescence, Early Adulthood, Middle Adulthood
As intermitências da morte
Authors: Melo Miquéias Lopes , Silva Maria Socorro Siqueira , Nascimento Vanessa Kelly Gonçalves , Carvalho Rosália Maria Mourão 
Published: June 2020

No decorrer da apreciação dos princípios da dignidade humana, direito à vida e autonomia, examinamos os conceitos relacionados à intervenção da morte: eutanásia, ortotanásia, suicídio assistido e distanásia, com base em diversas linhas de pensamento do ordenamento jurídico. E paralelamente a obra de José Saramago, consideramos algumas preposições da colisão entre o direito à vida, a forma como o código penal o aborda e elencamos no presente artigo as formas de morte digna.
(Imagem de Public Co por Pixabay)
Representações dos corpos femininos nas capas da Revista TPM
Authors: Lima Samanta Petersen Rocha , Said Gustavo Fortes 
Published: June 2020

Em uma sociedade em midiatização, as revistas femininas ajudam a legitimar e a disseminar estereótipos, padrões de comportamento e reforçam diversas crenças, dentre elas, de como deve ser a relação entre a mulher e seu corpo, sendo este muitas vezes associado a um padrão estético ideal. Neste sentido, o objetivo principal dessa pesquisa é analisar como a Trip Para Mulher (TPM), uma revista que se propõe a ir contra os padrões pré-estabelecidos, apresenta em suas capas a questão da estética corporal da mulher para analisar se a publicação apenas reafirma o padrão ideal já consagrado ou se ela mostra em seu conteúdo uma maior diversidade corporal, uma vez que é de suma importância que a mulher possa compreender que ela não precisa se enquadrar em determinados padrões estéticos para ser feliz. Como estratégia metodológica foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2016) de três edições da referida revista, de forma que, como resultado, pudemos perceber que nos títulos das chamadas de capas a TPM tenta desconstruir a ideia de que a mulher precisa ser magra e que a relação com o seu corpo não deve se basear no seu peso corpóreo. Contudo, as modelos que protagonizam as capas ainda possuem um corpo que mesmo não sendo o ideal, ou seja, que esteja totalmente dentro do padrão pré-estabelecido pela sociedade e pela mídia, ainda não foge totalmente dele.
(Imagem Revista TRIP)