bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Is Selectively Inhibited by Sustained E Protein Activity
Authors: Berrett Hannah , Qian Liangyue , Roman Olga , Cordova Alanis , Simmons Amie , Sun Xiao-Hong , Alberola-Ila José 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue-resident lymphoid cells that reside mostly at barrier surfaces and participate in the initial response against pathogens. They are classified into different types based on effector programs that are based on cytokine production and transcription factor expression. They all derive from the common lymphoid precursor, but the molecular mechanisms regulating ILC subset development is not well understood. Experiments using Id2 knockout mice have previously shown that E protein activity inhibition is an absolute requirement for the development of all ILC subsets. In this study, we use a genetic approach to demonstrate that small increases in E protein activity during ILC development selectively inhibit type 2 ILC development. Type 1 ILCs are mostly unperturbed, and type 3 ILC show only a minor inhibition. This effect is first evident at the ILC2 progenitor stage and is ILC intrinsic. Therefore, our results demonstrate that modulation of E protein activity can bias cell fate decisions in developing ILCs.
Neutrophils Enhance Their Own Influx to Sites of Bacterial Infection via Endosomal TLR-Dependent Cxcl2 Production
Authors: Lentini Germana , Famà Agata , Biondo Carmelo , Mohammadi Nastaran , Galbo Roberta , Mancuso Giuseppe , Iannello Daniela , Zummo Sebastiana , Giardina Miriam , De Gaetano Giuseppe Valerio , Teti Giuseppe , Beninati Concetta , Midiri Angelina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The influx of neutrophils to infection sites is a fundamental step in host defenses against the frequent human pathogen group B Streptococcus (GBS) and other extracellular bacteria. Using a mouse model of GBS-induced peritonitis, we show in this study that the chemokines Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 play distinctive roles in enhancing the recruitment and the antibacterial activities of neutrophils in a manner that is linked to differences in the cellular sources of these mediators. Cell depletion experiments demonstrated that neutrophils make a significant contribution to the in vivo production of Cxcl2 but not Cxcl1. In vitro, neutrophils responded weakly to LPS but released high levels of Cxcl2 after stimulation with GBS or other bacteria. Neutrophil-derived Cxcl2 acted in an autocrinous manner to increase its own production and to enhance antibacterial activities, including the release of oxygen radicals. In both neutrophils and macrophages, the production of Cxcl1/2 largely required the presence of functional UNC93B1, a chaperone protein involved in signaling by endosomal TLRs. Moreover, the phenotype of UNC93B1-defective phagocytes could be recapitulated by the simultaneous absence of TLR7, 9, and 13 but not by the absence of individual TLRs. Collectively, our data show that neutrophils recognize Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by means of multiple phagosomal TLRs, resulting in de novo synthesis of Cxcl2, amplification of neutrophil recruitment, and potentiation of their antibacterial activities. These data may be useful to devise alternative therapeutic strategies aimed at enhancing the recruitment and the functional activities of polymorphonuclear leukocytes during infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Software development for hepatopulmonary shunt estimation by gamma camera method in transarterial radioembolization
Authors: Jha Ashish Jha , Mithun Sneha , Puranik Ameya C. , Purandare Nilendu , Shah Sneha , Agrawal Archi , Kulkarni Suyash S. , Shetty Nitin , Rangarajan Venkatesh 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTrans-arterial radioembolization (TARE) is an established treatment for inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases from Carcinoma of gastrointestinal tract. Radiation-induced toxicity to the lung parenchyma is the dose-limiting factor in TARE. Pretreatment hepatopulmonary shunt (HPS) is estimated by gamma camera method by transarterial administration of 370MBq 99mTc macro aggregated albumin. We have developed HPS software on XELERIS-1.123 workstation, GE medical systems, Milwaukee, USA, for accurate calculation of HPS. This software has also been tested on a higher version of XELERIS workstation, and it has been found to work well in all versions.
On Open Book Embedding of Contact Manifolds in the Standard Contact Sphere
Authors: Saha Kuldeep 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe prove some open book embedding results in the contact category with a constructive approach. As a consequence, we give an alternative proof of a theorem of Etnyre and Lekili that produces a large class of contact 3-manifolds admitting contact open book embeddings in the standard contact 5-sphere. We also show that all the Ustilovsky $(4m+1)$-spheres contact open book embed in the standard contact $(4m+3)$-sphere.
AC characteristics of low-ohmic foil shunts influenced by eddy currents in the mounting body
Authors: Schönecker-Baußmann Mario 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The requirements for precision current-sensing shunts are getting more sophisticated due to further development of fast switch-mode converters and other high-frequency applications. Good AC characteristics are important both for industrial applications and for calibration standard purposes.
Low-ohmic foil shunts show excellent DC behavior, but the AC characteristics could be improved. The optimization of foil shunts towards better temperature independency and load stability in the range of a few parts per million per kelvin can lead to significant weaker AC performance. In this work, eddy currents in the mounting body are identified as a cause of the increasing real part of the shunt impedance at higher frequencies by means of a numerical field simulation.
Changes in flood damage with global warming on the eastern coast of Spain
Authors: Cortès Maria , Turco Marco , Ward Philip , Sánchez-Espigares Josep A. , Alfieri Lorenzo , Llasat Maria Carmen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Flooding is one of the main natural hazards in the world and causes huge economic and human impacts. Assessing the flood damage in the Mediterranean region is of great importance, especially because of its large vulnerability to climate change. Most past floods affecting the region were caused by intense precipitation events; thus the analysis of the links between precipitation and flood damage is crucial. The main objective of this paper is to estimate changes in the probability of damaging flood events with global warming of 1.5, 2 and 3 ∘C above pre-industrial levels and taking into account different socioeconomic scenarios in two western Mediterranean regions, namely Catalonia and the Valencian Community. To do this, we analyse the relationship between heavy precipitation and flood-damage estimates from insurance datasets in those two regions. We consider an ensemble of seven regional climate model (RCM) simulations spanning the period 1976–2100 to evaluate precipitation changes and to drive a logistic model that links precipitation and flood-damage estimates, thus deriving statistics under present and future climates. Furthermore, we incorporate population projections based on five different socioeconomic scenarios. The results show a general increase in the probability of a damaging event for most of the cases and in both regions of study, with larger increments when higher warming is considered. Moreover, this increase is higher when both climate and population change are included.
When population is considered, all the periods and models show a clearly higher increase in the probability of damaging events, which is statistically significant for most of the cases. Our findings highlight the need for limiting global warming as much as possible as well as the importance of including variables that consider change in both climate and socioeconomic conditions in the analysis of flood damage.
Principios didácticos para la enseñanza de vocabulario en español como lengua de aprendizaje del alumnado inmigrante
Authors: Sanjuán Álvarez Marta , Del Moral Barrigüete Cristina 
Published: December 2019

La comprensión de la naturaleza de la competencia léxica debe servir de guía para enfocar su enseñanza de una manera más sistemática. En este artículo se establecen unos principios didácticos generales a partir de los diversos componentes que la integran, enfocados a una enseñanza más eficaz del léxico del español como segunda lengua del alumnado inmigrante en el contexto escolar, atendiendo a sus necesidades de aprendizaje. El objetivo es reforzar la adquisición del léxico con objetivos, contenidos y estrategias metodológicas claras que incluyan actividades sobre los procesos de comprensión, almacenamiento y recuperación para el uso progresivo del vocabulario académico en español. Para concluir este artículo, se ofrece una secuenciación didáctica de actividades para el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora y la competencia léxica, dirigida a alumnos inmigrantes, a partir de un texto escolar de Primaria.
La ortografía en el ámbito universitario: una realidad que exige la reflexión del alumnado y la implicación del profesorado
Authors: Suárez Ramírez Sergio , Suárez Muñoz Ángel , Guisado Sánchez Inmaculada , Suárez Ramírez Miriam 
Published: December 2019

Hasta hace poco tiempo hemos creído que los errores ortográficos en los que incurrían los estudiantes estaban circunscritos a los niveles educativos no universitarios. Pero cada vez es más evidente que también están presentes entre el alumnado que, se supone, debería tenerlos superados.
Los escritos de diversa índole que produce el alumnado universitario (trabajos académicos, exámenes, consultas o tutorías online, etc.) están plagados de faltas de ortografía que atentan contra el dominio de la competencia en comunicación lingüística e introducen una tarea más para el profesorado encargado de su formación, que hasta ahora habíamos eludido y que ya no justifica, siquiera, atribuirlos a la responsabilidad del profesorado de las etapas educativas previas a la Universidad.
Aun siendo grave esta panorámica, lo es más cuando analizamos la escritura del alumnado universitario de los Grados de Maestro (Infantil y Primaria), que se “forma” para dedicarse a la enseñanza y a la transmisión de contenidos educativos a niños y jóvenes (entre 6 y 16 años).
Como profesores universitarios que padecemos esta realidad queremos transmitir la necesidad, cada vez más imperiosa, de abordar el asunto en las aulas universitarias. El estudio llevado a cabo confirma que no es solo el desconocimiento, sino la falta de atención e interés que muestran los universitarios a la hora de aplicar las reglas ortográficas en sus escritos, las causas principales de tantos errores.
Por eso, creemos que nuestra actuación comienza analizando y describiendo los errores ortográficos de nuestros alumnos para hacerles reflexionar sobre ellos y propiciar una escritura académica correcta.
Elizabeth’s “Seclusion”: A Veiled Reference to Her Bold Belief?
Authors: Powell Denise 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The narrative significance of Elizabeth’s “hiding” for five months in response to her pregnancy (Luke 1:24) has not been adequately explored. Some have proposed that Elizabeth’s hiding serves to keep her pregnancy secret until the time of the angel’s annunciation to Mary. This article concurs but argues that Elizabeth’s action is also a response of faith to the angel’s prophesy regarding her pregnancy. Clues in the narrative emphasize that Elizabeth was both past her childbearing years and that she hid herself soon after the conception of her baby. As a postmenopausal woman, however, she did not have the telltale pregnancy marker of a missed menstrual period. Thus, she hid herself before she had any physical evidence of pregnancy. Elizabeth, then, acted on her belief that “there will be a fulfillment of the things that were said from the Lord” (1:45), setting up a contrast with her unbelieving husband and an alignment with her believing relative Mary. This is the first of many contrasts in the narrative between characters who respond with belief and those who do not. Luke’s reference to Elizabeth’s “hiding herself” for five months is not an insignificant narrative detail but one that presents Elizabeth as the first of many unexpected characters of faith in Luke’s account of the “things fulfilled among us” (1:1).
The Wirkungsgeschichte of Henry Joel Cadbury as an Objective Historian: An Exploration of America’s Premiere Luke–Acts Scholar
Authors: Padilla Osvaldo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Henry Joel Cadbury, despite having written in the early to mid-20th century, remains one of the giants in the field of Luke&#x96;Acts. His conclusions are still influential to this day. This article argues that one of the reasons Cadbury is still so influential&#x97;apart from the fact that he produced lexical and philological work of the first rate&#x97;is that his work is viewed as purely historical, not &#x93;tainted&#x94; by theological aims or influences. The argument in this article is that a careful reading of The Making of Luke&#x96;Acts in combination with Cadbury’s paper &#x93;The Quaker Approach to History&#x94; demonstrates that the scope of The Making of Luke&#x96;Acts was governed by a theological approach to the Bible. While this in itself is not negative, it should warn us away from accepting Cadbury’s historical conclusions on Acts as more objective than confessing scholars, because the latter work within a theological confession and Cadbury supposedly does not.
The History, and the Future, of Flannery O'Connor Studies
Authors: Gentry Marshall Bruce 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Robert C. Evans's reception history surveys over sixty years of criticism on Flannery O'Connor, using as his headings aesthetics, religion, history, the South, race, and gender. Evans then recommends that future O'Connor criticism should also treat such topics as death and family, use archetypal approaches, and emphasize O'Connor's artistry. The study's format necessarily creates repetition, but Evans is generally thorough, his presentation of others' arguments fair-minded.
Å gi rom for muslimske barns utprøving av faste i barnehagen
Authors: Giæver Katrine 
Published: December 2019

I denne artikkelen utforskes muligheten til å gi rom for barns livshistorier knyttet til religiøse praksiser i barnehagen. I lys av en fokusgruppesamtale om barnehagebarn som vokser opp i hjem med muslimske praksiser, diskuteres det hvorvidt barns livshistorier gis begrenset plass når de kommer i konflikt med personalets forståelse av hva som er barns grunnleggende behov. Fokusgruppen besto av barnehagelærerstudenter som jobbet deltid i barnehage, og barns tilnærming til ramadan og faste ble brukt som eksempel på praksiser som kan oppleves utfordrende i barnehagen. Diskusjonen har utgangspunkt i Hannah Arendts teorier om livshistorier og Mikhail Bakhtins diskursteori. Avslutningsvis foreslås noen alternative måter til å gi plass til ulike livshistorier knyttet til kulturelt og religiøst mangfold i barnehagen.
Nøkkelord: Barnehage, muslim, Islam, faste, diskurser, livshistorier

This article explores possibilities to embrace children's life stories connected to religious practices in kindergarten. In the light of a focus group conversation about children who grow up in homes with Muslim traditions, the author discusses the consequences when children's life-stories conflict with practitioners' understanding of children's fundamental needs. The focus group consisted of early childhood education students who worked part-time in kindergarten, and children's approach to Ramadan and fasting was used as an example of practices that were experienced as challenging in kindergarten. The discussion draws on aspects of Hannah Arendt and Bakhtin’s theorisations concerning life-worlds and discourses. In conclusion, some alternative ways of including diverse life-stories connected to cultural and religious diversity are suggested.

Key words: Kindergarten, Muslim, Islam, fasting, discourses, life stories.
Dijital Blok Anestezisi ve Genel Anestezi Yöntemleri İle Yapılan El Parmak Replantasyonlarının Karşılaştırılması
Authors: CINAL Hakan , TAN Önder 
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada dijital blok anestezisi (DBA) (Group II) ile genel anestezi (GA) (Group I) altında yapılan el parmak replantasyonları; ameliyata alınma süresi, iskemi süresi ve ameliyat sonrası sağ kalım yönünden retrospektif olarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Literatürde DBA altında parmak replantosyonuna ait sadece 2 çalışmaya rastladık. Ancak GA ve DBA altında yapılan el parmak replantasyonalarının karşılaştırılmasına dair bir çalışmaya ise literatürde rastlamadık.
Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 2005-2014 yılları arasında kliniğimizde metakarpofalangeal (MF) eklem ve distali seviyesinden el parmak replantasyonu veya revaskülarizasyonu yapılan 50 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar kullanılan anestezi yöntemine göre GA (Grup I) ya da DBA (Grup II) olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Dijital blok işlemi için yarı-yarıya hazırlanmış 1-4 ml epinefrinsiz Lidocaine %2 ve Bupivacaine %0.5 kombinasyonu kullanıldı. Çalışmada, hasta dosyalarından, fotoğraflardan ve kliniğimizde düzenlenen replantasyon izlem formlarından her iki gruptaki hastalara ait demografik, ameliyat ve klinik izlem bilgileri elde edildi.
Bulgular: Hiçbir hastada GA ya da DBA’ne bağlı komplikasyon gelişmedi. Grup II'deki hastaların operasyona hazırlanma süreleri daha az bulunmuş, bu da ameliyata diğer gruba göre anlamlı derecede daha erken bir zamanda başlanmasını sağlamıştır (p=0.048). Grup II'deki parmakların iskemi sürelerinin anlamlı olarak daha kısa olduğu da gözlendi (p=0.003). Acil servise ulaştırılma (p
Akut ve Kronik Pulmoner Tromboembolide Cerrahi Tecrübelerimiz
Authors: IŞIK Mehmet , TANYELİ Ömer , DERELİ Yüksel , EGE Erdal , GÖRMÜŞ Niyazi 
Published: December 2019

Giriş-Amaç: Pulmoner emboli vakaları tedavi edilmediği takdirde ani ölüm, hayatı tehdit eden akut bir durum ya da trombüslerin pulmoner damar duvarında organize olmasına bağlı olarak kronik tromboembolik pulmoner hipertansiyon gelişir. Bu çalışmada, tüm dünyada belirli merkezler dışında çok fazla sayıda yapılmayan ve mortalitesi yüksek olan pulmoner tromboendarterektomi ameliyatı ile ilgili tecrübelerimizin paylaşılması amaçlandı.
Yöntemler: Şubat 2007 - Temmuz 2018 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde akut pulmoner emboli ve kronik tromboembolik pulmoner hipertansiyon tanılarıyla ameliyat edilen toplam 13 hasta çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Bu hastaların 9’u acil 4’ü elektif olarak ameliyata alındı. Hastalara açık kalp ameliyatı şartlarında pulmoner tromboendarterektomi cerrahi prosedürü uygulandı. Hastaların geriye dönük bilgileri hastane yazılım sisteminden elde edildi.
Bulgular: Pulmoner tromboendarterektomi uygulanan hastaların 6’sı bayan 7’si erkekti. Ortalama yaş 58 (38-71) olarak bulundu. Risk faktörü olarak 7 hastada derin ven trombozu, 3 hastada yakın zamanda geçirilmiş cerrahi, 2 hastada malinite, 5 hastada sigara kullanımı, 1 hastada behçet ve 1 hastada serebrovasküler olay öyküsü mevcuttu. Dört vaka, postoperatif 0-26 gün aralığında exitus oldu. Bunların 3’ü akut pulmoner emboli, 1’i kronik tromboembolik pulmoner hipertansiyon tanılı hastalardı.
Sonuç ve Yorum: Pulmoner tromboendarterektomi uygulanan hastaların erken dönem pulmoner arter basınçlarında belirgin düşüş izlendi. Kronik tromboembolik pulmoner hipertansiyon tanısı konan hastalar, kalıcı arteriopati gelişmeden, pulmoner tromboendarterektomi ameliyatı için cerrahi merkezlere erken dönemde yönlendirilmelidir. Akut pulmoner emboli tanısı alan hastaların cerrahiye verilme zamanlamasının önemli olduğu kanaatindeyiz. Geciken ve hipotansif şok tablosunda ameliyata alınan hastaların mortalitesi yüksek olmaktadır.
Etkin Eğitim Müdahalesi HIV Hastalarında Uyumu İlaç Pozolojisinden Bağımsız Olarak Etkiler mi?
Authors: AKDEMİR KALKAN İrem , KARAŞAHİN Ömer , DAL Tuba , ÖREN Meryem Merve , AYHAN Merve , DEMİR Yakup , YILDIZ Yeşim , AKTAR Fesih , ÇELEN Mustafa Kemal 
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Ülkemizde 2017 verileriyle 17.000 kişinin HIV (insan immün yetmezlik virüsü) ile enfekte olduğu
bilinmektedir. Hastalığın tedavisinde ilaç uyumu en önemli noktalardandır. HIV/AIDS tedavisinde hasta eğitimi çok
önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı eğitim müdahalesi yapılan hasta grubunda ilaç uyumunun değerlendirilmesidir.
Yöntemler: Çalışma retrospektif verilerin analiz edildiği bir müdahale çalışması olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. MayısTemmuz

2017 tarihleri arasında Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji
bölümünde izlenmekte olan 107 HIV/AIDS hastası çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastalığa özgü detaylı eğitim almayı
kabul eden hastalar 1. Grup olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Eğitim almak istememiş olan 25 hasta ise (2. Grup/Kontrol
grubu) standart poliklinik bilgilendirmesi almıştır. Her iki grubun eğitimleri aynı hekim tarafından verilmiştir.
Hastaların tedavinin 3. ve 6. aylarındaki ilaç uyumları tablet sayma yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Tedavi almakta olan 107 hastanın yaş ortalaması 28.6 yıldır. Hastaların 86’sı (%80,4) erkektir. Hastaların
eğitim durumları incelendiğinde %8,4’ü (n=9) sadece okuryazar, %67,3’ü (n=72) ilk ve orta öğretim mezunu olarak
tespit edilmiştir. Hastaların öğrenim durumları ile 3. ve 6. aydaki ilaç uyumları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir
fark tespit edilmemiştir (sırasıyla p=0,159 ve p=0,274). Günlük tablet sayısından bağımsız olarak, ilaç uyumu, eğitim
verilenlerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek saptanmıştır ( p
Závazkové nástroje ochrany smluvního věřitele korporace začleněné do podnikatelského seskupení
Authors: Houdek Zdeněk 
Published: December 2019

Přes stále rostoucí význam a ekonomickou sílu podnikatelských seskupení absentuje jednotná definice tohoto jevu, jehož podoby zahrnují spektrum od vysoce centralizovaných po silně diversifikované skupiny společností. S ohledem na majetkovou samostatnost mateřské společnosti a omezené ručení (odpovědnost) společníků zůstává klíčovou otázkou, do jaké míry může být mateřská společnost odpovědná za porušení závazku mezi dceřinou společností a věřitelem v případech, kdy je dceřiná společnost ovlivněna jednáním mateřské společnosti. Následující článek analyzuje závazkové nástroje ochrany věřitele korporace začleněné do podnikatelského seskupení. Je dovozováno, že nárok věřitele dceřiné společnosti proti společnosti mateřské může být založen na předpokladech a podmínkách aplikace institutů culpa in contrahendo spolu s prvky smlouvy s ochranným účinkem ve prospěch třetího.
Ochrana vlastních občanů v zahraničí: mezinárodněprávní souvislosti navrhované novelizace Ústavy ČR
Authors: Svaček Ondřej 
Published: December 2019

Dne 23. 7. 2019 předložila skupina 67 poslanců návrh ústavního zákona, jehož cílem je změna čl. 43 Ústavy České republiky spočívající v posílení pravomocí vlády při rozhodování o vyslání ozbrojených sil ČR mimo území ČR a o pobytu ozbrojených sil jiných států na území ČR a o přeletu nebo průjezdu ozbrojených sil jiných států přes území ČR. Novelizace mj. reaguje na skutečnost, že „podle dosavadní úpravy by například bylo mimořádně obtížné včasné vyslání ozbrojených sil ČR za účelem záchrany životů občanů ČR protiprávně zadržovaných v zahraničí nebo občanů, jejichž životy jsou v ohrožení v důsledku živelních katastrof.“ Vzhledem k tomu, že je návrh předkládán poslanci napříč politickým spektrem (včetně předsedů A. Babiše, J. Hamáčka, P. Fialy, M. Výborného a V. Rakušana), lze očekávat jeho přijetí. Článek se zabývá mezinárodněprávními souvislostmi navrhované novelizace Ústavy, které jsou v návrhu značně zjednodušeny a zodpovídá tak na otázku, zda současné mezinárodní právo umožňuje použití ozbrojené síly na území jiného státu za účelem ochrany vlastních občanů. Odpověď na tuto otázku má přitom zásadní význam, neboť – jak je dobře známo – ČR, a tedy i vláda, dodržuje závazky vyplývající z mezinárodního práva, přičemž těchto závazků se nemůže zprostit, a to ani odkazem na vlastní ústavní předpisy (srov. čl. 26 Vídeňské úmluvy o smluvním právu či čl. 3 Návrhu článků o odpovědnosti státu za mezinárodně protiprávní chování).