bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardized fractal bench test evaluation of coronary stents: Performances in bifurcation lesions treated by the re‐proximal optimization technique
Authors: Piriou Pierre‐Guillaume , Bonin Mickael , Huchet Francois , Letocart Vincent , Manigold Thibaut , Plessis Julien , Derimay Francois , Veziers Joelle , Jordana Fabienne , Guerin Patrice 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundBifurcation lesions in coronary arteries are complex to treat with coronary stents, which are not designed for that purpose and can be unproperly deployed. Moreover, devices are constantly evolving, and so are angioplasty techniques.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the performances of different stents in the treatment of bifurcation lesions using the re‐proximal optimization technique (rePOT).MethodsEleven stent platforms were evaluated: Xience Sierra (Abbott), Xience Alpine (Abbott), Synergy (Boston), Coroflex Isar (Bbraun), Cobra PzF (Celonova), Ultimaster (Terumo), Resolute Integrity (Medtronic), Resolute Onyx (Medtronic), Optimax (Hexacath), Orsiro (Biotronik), and Absorb (Abbott). Stents were deployed in a silicone fractal bifurcation model using the rePOT. Micro‐computed tomography was performed to assess side branch ostium coverage and strut malapposition, as well as the effect of rePOT on stent cell area.ResultsOur study showed significant differences between stent platforms regarding side branch ostium coverage (p = .002). The Synergy and Cobra PzF stents were the most performant devices to avoid ostium coverage. Strut malapposition varied significantly between devices (p = .008) but the percentage of malapposed struts was relatively low. Significant differences were observed between stents regarding the cell area before (p = .002) and also after rePOT (p = .003), and the increase in cell area caused by rePOT varied considerably between devices (p = .08).ConclusionThis study highlighted significant differences in the performances of stent platforms deployed in a fractal bifurcation model using rePOT, with a variable impact of the procedure on stent cell area.
Novel Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Membrane Water Electrolysis
Authors: Mandal Mrinmay 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe production of H2 has aroused considerable attention worldwide as a renewable and sustainable energy source for domestic, industrial, and automotive purposes. Currently, about 95 % of H2 is produced from the steam reforming of methane. However, this process leads to the burning of fossil fuels and emits greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Water electrolysis is an effective strategy to produce H2 in high purity. Alkaline anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AAEMWE) is preferred to proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) because of the flexibility to be able to use cheaper membranes as separators and non‐noble electrocatalysts. However, the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics in AAEMWE is a bottleneck for water splitting efficiency and decreases the overall performances. Now, a novel nickel and iron graphene‐nanoplatelets‐supported metal‐organic framework‐based electrocatalyst has been developed that shows excellent durability and record‐high current density for alkaline electrolysis that outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art OER electrocatalysts.
Efficient Emission of Ultraviolet Light by Solid State Organic Fluorophores: Synthesis and Characterization of 1,4‐Dialkeny‐2,5‐dioxybenzenes
Authors: Shimizu Masaki , Nishimura Kenta , Hirakawa Rika , Sakurai Tsuneaki 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe design and development of organic luminophores that exhibit efficient ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence in the solid state remains underexplored. Here, we report that 1,4‐dialkenyl‐2,5‐dialkoxybenzenes and 1,4‐dialkenyl‐2,5‐disiloxybenzenes act as such UV‐emissive fluorophores. The dialkenyldioxybenzenes were readily prepared in three steps from 2,5‐dimethoxy‐1,4‐diacetylbenzene or 2,5‐dimethoxy‐1,4‐diformylbenzene via two to four steps from 1,4‐bis(diethoxyphosphonylmethyl)‐2,5‐dimethoxybenzene. The dialkenyldioxybenzenes emit UV light in solution (λem=350–387 nm) and in the solid state (λem=328–388 nm). In addition, the quantum yields in the solid state were generally higher than those in solution. In particular, the adamantylidene‐substituted benzenes fluoresced in the UV region with high quantum yields (Φ=0.37–0.55) in the solid state. Thin films of poly(methyl methacrylate) doped with the adamantylidene‐substituted benzenes also exhibited UV emission with good efficiency (Φ=0.27–0.45). Density functional theory calculations revealed that the optical excitation of the dialkenyldimethoxybenzenes involves intramolecular charge‐transfer from the ether oxygen atoms to the twisted alkenyl‐benzene‐alkenyl moiety, whereas the dialkenylbis(triphenylsiloxy)benzenes were optically excited through intramolecular charge‐transfer from the oxygen atoms and twisted π‐system to the phenyl‐Si moieties of each triphenylsilyl group.
Computational Mapping of Dirhodium(II) Catalysts
Authors: Green Adam I. , Tinworth Christopher P. , Warriner Stuart , Nelson Adam , Fey Natalie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe chemistry of dirhodium(II) catalysts is highly diverse, and can enable the synthesis of many different molecular classes. A tool to aid in catalyst selection, independent of mechanism and reactivity, would therefore be highly desirable. Here, we describe the development of a database for dirhodium(II) catalysts that is based on the principal component analysis of DFT‐calculated parameters capturing their steric and electronic properties. This database maps the relevant catalyst space, and may facilitate exploration of the reactivity landscape for any process catalysed by dirhodium(II) complexes. We have shown that one of the principal components of these catalysts correlates with the outcome (e.g. yield, selectivity) of a transformation used in a molecular discovery project. Furthermore, we envisage that this approach will assist the selection of more effective catalyst screening sets, and, hence, the data‐led optimisation of a wide range of rhodium‐catalysed transformations.
Syngas and Methanol‐Based Biorefinery Concepts
Authors: Frazão Cláudio J. R. , Walther Thomas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe use of syngas, which can be sustainably derived from CO2 or from exhaust gases of steel mills, is gaining increasing interest for the synthesis of added‐value products. In this review, the state of the art and technological challenges emerging from the use of this gaseous feedstock are described. In addition, the possibility of converting syngas into methanol and its subsequent use as the substrate in a microbial fermentation stage are discussed.
Age no bar: A CIBMTR analysis of elderly patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma
Authors: Munshi Pashna N. , Vesole David , Jurczyszyn Artur , Zaucha Jan Maciej , St. Martin Andrew , Davila Omar , Agrawal Vaibhav , Badawy Sherif M. , Battiwalla Minoo , Chhabra Saurabh , Copelan Edward , Kharfan‐Dabaja Mohamed A. , Farhadfar Nosha , Ganguly Siddhartha , Hashmi Shahrukh , Krem Maxwell M. , Lazarus Hillard M. , Malek Ehsan , Meehan Kenneth , Murthy Hemant S. , Nishihori Taiga , Olin Rebecca L. , Olsson Richard F. , Schriber Jeffrey , Seo Sachiko , Shah Gunjan , Solh Melhem , Tay Jason , Kumar Shaji , Qazilbash Muzaffar H. , Shah Nina , Hari Parameswaran N. , D’Souza Anita 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundUpfront autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHCT) remains an important therapy in the management of patients with multiple myeloma (MM), a disease of older adults.MethodsThe authors investigated the outcomes of AHCT in patients with MM who were aged ≥70 years. The Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) database registered 15,999 patients with MM in the United States within 12 months of diagnosis during 2013 through 2017; a total of 2092 patients were aged ≥70 years. Nonrecurrence mortality (NRM), disease recurrence and/or progression (relapse; REL), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were modeled using Cox proportional hazards models with age at transplantation as the main effect. Because of the large sample size, a P value <.01 was considered to be statistically significant a priori.ResultsAn increase in AHCT was noted in 2017 (28%) compared with 2013 (15%) among patients aged ≥70 years. Although approximately 82% of patients received melphalan (Mel) at a dose of 200 mg/m2 overall, 58% of the patients aged ≥70 years received Mel at a dose of 140 mg/m2. On multivariate analysis, patients aged ≥70 years demonstrated no difference with regard to NRM (hazard ratio [HR] 1.3; 99% confidence interval [99% CI], 1‐1.7 [P = .06]), REL (HR, 1.03; 99% CI, 0.9‐1.1 [P = 0.6]), PFS (HR, 1.06; 99% CI, 1‐1.2 [P = 0.2]), and OS (HR, 1.2; 99% CI, 1‐1.4 [P = .02]) compared with the reference group (those aged 60‐69 years). In patients aged ≥70 years, Mel administered at a dose of 140 mg/m2 was found to be associated with worse outcomes compared with Mel administered at a dose of 200 mg/m2, including day 100 NRM (1% [95% CI, 1%‐2%] vs 0% [95% CI, 0%‐1%]; P = .003]), 2‐year PFS (64% [95% CI, 60%‐67%] vs 69% [95% CI, 66%‐73%]; P = .003), and 2‐year OS (85% [95% CI, 82%‐87%] vs 89% [95% CI, 86%‐91%]; P = .01]), likely representing frailty.ConclusionsThe results of the current study demonstrated that AHCT remains an effective consolidation therapy among patients with MM across all age groups.
Suicidality among adult survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study
Authors: Lubas Margaret M. , Mirzaei Salehabadi Sedigheh , Lavecchia Jeanette , Alberts Nicole M. , Krull Kevin R. , Ehrhardt Matthew J. , Srivastava Deokumar , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Brinkman Tara M. 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundSuicide is a serious public health concern. An increased risk of suicide ideation previously has been reported among survivors of childhood cancer.MethodsSuicide mortality was assessed for all potentially eligible survivors (those aged ≥18 years who were ≥5 years after their cancer diagnosis; 7312 survivors). Risk factors for acute suicidal ideation were assessed among clinically evaluated survivors (3096 survivors) and the prevalence of acute ideation was compared with that of community controls (429 individuals). The prevalence of 12‐month suicidality was assessed among survivors who could be compared with population data (1255 survivors). Standardized mortality ratios compared rates of suicide mortality among survivors with those of the general population. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) derived from generalized linear models identified risk factors associated with acute suicidal ideation. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) compared the prevalence of 12‐month suicidality among survivors with that of a matched sample from the general population.ResultsSurvivors reported a similar 12‐month prevalence of ideation compared with the general population (SIR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.35‐1.01) and a lower prevalence of suicidal behaviors (planning: SIR, 0.17 [95% CI, 0.07‐0.27]; attempts: SIR, 0.07 [95% CI, 0.00‐0.15]) and mortality (standardized mortality ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.34‐0.86). Among survivors, depression (RR, 12.30; 95% CI, 7.89‐19.11), anxiety (RR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.40‐3.40), and financial stress (RR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.00‐2.15) were found to be associated with a higher prevalence of acute suicidal ideation.ConclusionsSurvivors of childhood cancer were found to be at a lower risk of suicidal behaviors and mortality, yet endorsed a prevalence of ideation similar to that of the general population. These results are in contrast to previous findings of suicidal ideation among survivors and support the need for further research to inform screening strategies and interventions.Lay Summary

The purpose of the current study was to compare the risk of suicidal ideation, behaviors, and mortality in adult survivors of childhood cancer with those of the general population. Risk factors associated with suicidal ideation among survivors of childhood cancer also were examined.

Survivors of childhood cancer reported a similar risk of ideation compared with the general population, but a lower risk of suicidal behaviors and mortality. Psychological health and financial stressors were found to be risk factors associated with suicidal ideation.

Although adult survivors of childhood cancer did not report a greater risk of suicidality compared with the general population, psychosocial care in survivorship remains essential.
African Americans with translocation t(11;14) have superior survival after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma in comparison with Whites in the United States
Authors: Badar Talha , Hari Parameswaran , Dávila Omar , Fraser Raphael , Wirk Baldeep , Dhakal Binod , Freytes Cesar O. , Rodriguez Valdes Cesar , Lee Cindy , Vesole David H. , Malek Ehsan , Hildebrandt Gerhard C. , Landau Heather , Murthy Hemant S. , Lazarus Hillard M. , Berdeja Jesus G. , Meehan Kenneth R. , Solh Melhem , Diaz Miguel Angel , Kharfan‐Dabaja Mohamed A. , Callander Natalie S. , Farhadfar Nosha , Bashir Qaiser , Kamble Rammurti T. , Vij Ravi , Munker Reinhold , Kyle Robert A. , Chhabra Saurabh , Hashmi Shahrukh , Ganguly Siddhartha , Jagannath Sundar , Nishihori Taiga , Nieto Yago , Kumar Shaji , Shah Nina , D’Souza Anita 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) with the translocation t(11;14) may have inferior outcomes in comparison with other standard‐risk MM, and it has been suggested to portend a worse prognosis in African Americans in comparison with Whites. This study used the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR) database to examine the impact of t(11;14) on the clinical outcomes of patients with MM of African American and White descent.MethodsThis study evaluated 3538 patients who underwent autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (autoHCT) for MM from 2008 to 2016 and were reported to the CIBMTR. Patients were analyzed in 4 groups: African Americans with t(11;14) (n = 117), African Americans without t(11;14) (n = 968), Whites with t(11;14) (n = 266), and Whites without t(11;14) (n = 2187).ResultsAfrican Americans with t(11;14) were younger, had lower Karnofsky scores, and had more advanced stage MM with a higher Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation–Comorbidity Index (HCT‐CI). Fewer African Americans with t(11;14) (21%) had a coexistent high‐risk marker in comparison with Whites with t(11;14) (27%). In a multivariate analysis, race and t(11;14) had no association with progression‐free survival. However, overall survival was superior among African Americans with t(11;14) in comparison with Whites with t(11;14) (hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.30‐0.93; P = .03). Survival was also associated with female sex, stage, time from diagnosis to transplant, a low HCT‐CI, and receipt of maintenance.ConclusionsRace may have a differential impact on the survival of patients with t(11;14) MM who undergo autoHCT and needs to be further studied.
Facile Route of P‐doped Defect‐rich Manganese‐cobalt Oxide Spinel with Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance
Authors: Peng Xiangfeng , Wang Zhao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPhosphorus dopants and defects were successfully introduced to a manganese‐cobalt oxide (MCO) spinel via plasma treatment in the presence of NaH2PO2. High‐energy electrons generated by plasma can produce oxygen vacancy and embed phosphorus into the spinel. To balance the charge of lattice phosphorus, manganese and cobalt atoms left their original sites and deposited as MnO and CoP, thereby forming a disordered structure. Meanwhile, the oxidation state of cobalt increased. These changes provided extra active sites for electrochemical reaction and improved electrical conductivity. In addition, tunnels were formed on the surface, thus favoring mass transport in the electrolyte. Compared with pristine MCO, the spinel doped with phosphorus via plasma treatment showed higher oxygen evolution reaction performance, with a lower onset potential of 1.45 V, higher current density of 25.32 mA cm−2 at 1.75 V, and smaller Tafel slope of 118.7 mV dec−1. These findings can facilitate the development of high‐activity electrocatalysts with dopants and defects for energy storage and conversion systems.
An in‐depth introduction of multi‐workgroup tiling for improving the locality of explicit one‐step methods for ODE systems with limited access distance on GPUs
Authors: Korch Matthias , Werner Tim 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article considers a locality optimization technique for the parallel solution of a special class of large systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by explicit one‐step methods on GPUs. This technique is based on tiling across the stages of the one‐step method and is enabled by the special structure of the class of ODE systems considered, that is, the limited access distance. The focus of this article is on increasing the range of access distances for which the tiling technique can provide a speedup by joining the memory resources and the computational power of multiple workgroups for the computation of one tile (multi‐workgroup tiling). In particular, this article provides an extended in‐depth introduction and discussion of the multi‐workgroup tiling technique and its theoretical and technical foundations together with a new tuning option (mapping stride) and new experiments. The experiments performed show speedups of the multi‐workgroup tiling technique compared with traditional single‐workgroup tiling for two different Runge–Kutta methods on NVIDIAs Kepler and Volta architectures.
Structure‐Dependent Strain Effects
Authors: Dietze Elisabeth M. , Grönbeck Henrik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDensity functional theory calculations of atomic and molecular adsorption on (111) and (100) metal surfaces reveal marked surface and structure dependent effects of strain. Adsorption in three‐fold hollow sites is found to be destabilized by compressive strain whereas the reversed trend is commonly valid for adsorption in four‐fold sites. The effects, which are qualitatively explained using a simple two‐orbital model, provide insights on how to modify chemical properties by strain design.
Estrogen‐dependent sex difference in microglia in the developing brain of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica)
Authors: Delage Charlotte Isabelle , Cornil Charlotte Anne 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBrain sexual differentiation is a developmental process leading to the establishment of stable neural sex differences. In birds and rodents, this process is largely driven by estrogens during a critical period. In rodents, estrogens drive the masculinization of the brain, a process that partly depends on microglia. In contrast, in birds, estrogens produced by females induce demasculinization, but whether microglia are involved in this process is unknown. This study assessed whether microglial number, morphology, and/or activity differ between the sexes in selected regions of the developing quail brain and whether they are influenced by estrogens. We found a robust female‐biased sex difference in microglial numbers between embryonic day 9 and 12 in the medial preoptic nucleus (POM), a key region for the expression of male sexual behavior. This difference relies on estrogens produced during the sensitive period. Although most embryonic microglia express iNOS, the expression of iNOS in individual microglia does not differ between sexes. Finally, microglial number and the expression of iNOS were not affected by the microglia inhibitor minocycline. Together, these results revealed an estrogen‐dependent sex difference in microglia during the critical period for the sexual differentiation of the quail brain. This difference mirrors the different role of estrogens in the development of birds and rodents and suggests a role for microglia in the sexual differentiation of the brain of birds, as in rodents, thus supporting the hypothesis of a conserved role of the neuroimmune system in the organization of the brain by estrogens.
Genetic diversity analysis of papaya leaf distortion mosaic virus isolates infecting transgenic papaya “Huanong No. 1” in South China
Authors: Mo Cuiping , Wu Zilin , Xie Hengping , Zhang Shuguang , Li Huaping 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe commercialized genetically modified papaya “Huanong No. 1” has been utilized to successfully control the destructive virus‐papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) in South China since 2006. However, another new emerging virus, papaya leaf distortion mosaic virus (PLDMV), was found in some PRSV‐resistant transgenic plants in Guangdong and Hainan provinces of South China through a field investigation from 2012 to 2019. The survey results showed that “Huanong No. 1” papaya plants are susceptible to PLDMV, and the disease prevalence in Hainan Province is generally higher than that in Guangdong Province. Twenty representative isolates were selected to inoculate “Huanong No. 1,” and all of the inoculated plants showed obvious disease symptoms similar to those in the field, indicating that PLDMV is a new threat to widely cultivated transgenic papaya in South China. Phylogenetic analysis of 111 PLDMV isolates in Guangdong and Hainan based on the coat protein nucleotide sequences showed that PLDMV isolates can be divided into two groups. The Japan and Taiwan China isolates belong to group I, whereas the Guangdong and Hainan isolates belong to group II and can be further divided into two subgroups. The Guangdong and Hainan isolates are far different from the Japan and Taiwan China isolates and belong to a new lineage. Further analysis showed that the Guangdong and Hainan isolates had a high degree of genetic differentiation, and no recombination was found. These isolates deviated from neutral evolution and experienced population expansion events in the past, which might still be unstable. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for clarifying the evolutionary mechanism and population genetics of the virus and for preventing and controlling the viral disease.