bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
hu.MAP 2.0: Integration of over 15,000 proteomic experiments builds a global compendium of human multiprotein assemblies
Authors: Drew Kevin , Wallingford John B. , Marcotte Edward M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA general principle of biology is the self-assembly of proteins into functional complexes. Characterizing their composition is, therefore, required for our understanding of cellular functions. Unfortunately, we lack a comprehensive set of protein complexes for human cells. To address this gap, we developed a machine learning framework to identify protein complexes in over 15,000 mass spectrometry experiments which resulted in the identification of nearly 7,000 physical assemblies. We show our resource, hu.MAP 2.0, is more accurate and comprehensive than previous resources and gives rise to many new hypotheses, including for 274 completely uncharacterized proteins. Further, we identify 259 promiscuous proteins that participate in multiple complexes pointing to possible moonlighting roles. We have made hu.MAP 2.0 easily searchable in a web interface (http://humap2.proteincomplexes.org/), which will be a valuable resource for researchers across a broad range of interests including systems biology, structural biology, and molecular explanations of disease.
Forward genetic screens identified mutants with defects in trap morphogenesis in the nematode-trapping fungusArthrobotrys oligospora
Authors: Huang Tsung-Yu , Lee Yi-Yun , de Ulzurrun Guillermo Vidal-Diez , Hsueh Yen-Ping 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNematode-trapping fungi (NTF) are carnivorous fungi that prey on nematodes under nutrient-poor conditions via specialized hyphae that function as traps. The molecular mechanisms involved in the interactions between nematode-trapping fungi and their nematode prey are largely unknown. In this study, we conducted forward genetic screens to identify potential genes and pathways that are involved in trap morphogenesis and predation in the NTFArthrobotrys oligospora.Using Ethyl methanesulfonate and UV as the mutagens, we generated 5552 randomly-mutagenizedA. oligosporastrains and identified 15 mutants with strong defects in trap morphogenesis. Whole genome sequencing and bioinformatic analyses revealed mutations in genes with roles in signaling, transcription or membrane transport that may contribute to the defects of trap morphogenesis in these mutants. We further conducted functional analyses on a candidate gene,YBP-1, and demonstrate that mutation of that gene was causative of the phenotypes observed in one of the mutants. The methods established in this study might provide helpful insights for establishing forward genetic screening methods for other non-model fungal species.
Asprosin Neutralizing Antibodies as a Treatment for Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Mishra Ila , Duerrschmid Clemens , Ku Zhiqiang , Xie Wei , Silva Elizabeth Sabath , Hoffmann Jennifer , Xin Wei , Zhang Ningyan , An Zhiqiang , Chopra Atul R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecently, we discovered a new glucogenic and centrally-acting orexigenic hormone – asprosin. Asprosin is elevated in metabolic syndrome (MS) patients, and importantly, its genetic loss results in reduced appetite, leanness and robust insulin sensitivity, leading to protection from MS. Here we demonstrate that anti-asprosin monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a dual-effect pharmacologic therapy that targets the two key pillars of MS – over-nutrition and the blood glucose burden. Anti-asprosin mAbs from three distinct species lowered appetite and body weight, and improved blood glucose in a dose-dependent and epitope-agnostic fashion in three independent MS mouse models, with an IC50of ∼1.5 mg/kg. In addition, mAb treatment ameliorated MS associated dyslipidemia and hepatic dysfunction. The mAbs displayed half-life of over 3 days in vivo, with equilibrium dissociation-constants in picomolar to low nanomolar range. This evidence paves the way for further development towards an investigational new drug application and subsequent human trials for treatment of MS, a defining physical ailment of our time.
Behavioral evidence for nested central pattern generator control ofDrosophilagrooming
Authors: Ravbar Primoz , Zhang Neil , Simpson Julie H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCentral pattern generators (CPGs) are neurons or neural circuits that produce periodic output without requiring patterned input. More complex behaviors can be assembled from simpler subroutines, and nested CPGs have been proposed to coordinate their repetitive elements, organizing control over different time-scales. Here, we use behavioral experiments to establish thatDrosophilagrooming may be controlled by nested CPGs. On a short time-scale (5-7 Hz), flies execute periodic leg sweeps and rubs. More surprisingly, transitions between bouts of head cleaning and leg rubbing are also periodic on a longer time-scale (0.3 - 0.6 Hz). We examine grooming at a range of temperatures to show that the frequencies of both oscillations increase – a hallmark of CPG control – and also that the two time-scales increase at the same rate, indicating that the nested CPGs may be linked. This relationship also holds when sensory drive is held constant using optogenetic activation, but the rhythms can decouple in spontaneously grooming flies, showing that alternative control modes are possible. Loss of sensory feedback does not disrupt periodicity but slows the longer time-scale alternation. Nested CPGs simplify generation of complex but repetitive behaviors, and identifying them inDrosophilagrooming presents an opportunity to map the neural circuits that constitute them.
Fishing the line depends on reserve benefits, individual losing at boundary and movement preference
Authors: Chen Renfei , Baskett Marissa L. , Hastings Alan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhether fishing around the marine reserve edge can enhance harvested yields is an important issue in fisheries management. To solve the conundrum is difficult because of the lack of a matched boundary condition. Here, we derive a new boundary condition by considering individual losing at habitat boundaries. With the suitable boundary condition, our results suggest that individuals with high growth rate inside but low growth rate outside the reserve and high movement preference to a large marine reserve boundary can enhance yields benefits from fishing around the marine reserve edge. The findings provide theoretical cautions for fishing near some new reserves in which population growth rate might be low. Moreover, our boundary condition is general enough for the universal phenomenon of losing individual at habitat boundaries such as being applied into classic theories in refuge design to explain some previous counter-intuitive phenomena more reasonably.
Engineering a culturableSerratia symbioticastrain for aphid paratransgenesis
Authors: Elston Katherine M. , Perreau Julie , Maeda Gerald P. , Moran Nancy A. , Barrick Jeffrey E. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTAphids are global agricultural pests and important models for bacterial symbiosis. To date, none of the native symbionts of aphids have been genetically manipulated, which limits our understanding of how they interact with their hosts.Serratia symbioticaCWBI-2.3Tis a culturable, gut-associated bacterium isolated from the black bean aphid. Closely relatedSerratia symbioticastrains are facultative aphid endosymbionts that are vertically transmitted from mother to offspring during embryogenesis. We demonstrate that CWBI-2.3Tcan be genetically engineered using a variety of techniques, plasmids, and gene expression parts. Then, we use fluorescent protein expression to track the dynamics with which CWBI-2.3Tcolonizes the guts of multiple aphid species, and we measure how this bacterium affects aphid fitness. Finally, we show that we can induce heterologous gene expression from engineered CWBI-2.3Tin living aphids. These results inform the development of CWBI-2.3Tfor aphid paratransgenesis, which could be used to study aphid biology and enable future agricultural technologies.IMPORTANCEInsects have remarkably diverse and integral roles in global ecosystems. Many harbor symbiotic bacteria, but very few of these bacteria have been genetically engineered. Aphids are major agricultural pests and an important model system for the study of symbiosis. This work describes methods for engineering a culturable aphid symbiont,Serratia symbioticaCWBI-2.3T. These approaches and genetic tools could be used in the future to implement new paradigms for the biological study and control of aphids.
Disruption of Glial Ca2+Oscillations at theDrosophilaBlood-Brain Barrier Predisposes to Seizure-Like Behavior
Authors: Weiss Shirley , Clamon Lauren C. , Manoim Julia E. , Ormerod Kiel G. , Parnas Moshe , Littleton J. Troy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGlia play key roles in regulating multiple aspects of neuronal development and function from invertebrates to humans. We recently found microdomain Ca2+signaling inDrosophilacortex glia and astrocytes regulate extracellular K+buffering and neurotransmitter uptake, respectively. Here we identify a role for ER store-operated Ca2+entry (SOCE) in perineurial glia (PG), a distinct population that contributes to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). PG show a diverse range of Ca2+oscillatory activity that varies based on their locale within the brain. Unlike cortex glia and astrocytes, PG Ca2+oscillations do not require extracellular Ca2+and are blocked by inhibition of SOCE or gap junctions. Disruption of these components triggers heat shock and mechanical-induced seizure-like episodes without effecting PG morphology or large molecule BBB permeability. These findings indicate SOCE-mediated Ca2+oscillations in PG increase the susceptibility of seizure-like episodes inDrosophila, providing an additional link between glial Ca2+signaling and neuronal activity.
Contrasting impacts of urban and farmland cover on flying insect biomass
Authors: Svenningsen Cecilie S. , Bowler Diana E. , Hecker Susanne , Bladt Jesper , Grescho Volker , van Dam Nicole M. , Dauber Jens , Eichenberg David , Ejrnæs Rasmus , Fløjgaard Camilla , Frenzel Mark , Frøslev Tobias Guldberg , Hansen Anders Johannes , Heilmann-Clausen Jacob , Huang Yuanyuan , Larsen Jonas Colling , Menger Juliana , Mat Nayan Nur Liyana Binti , Pedersen Lene Bruhn , Richter Anett , Dunn Robert R. , Tøttrup Anders P. , Bonn Aletta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent studies report declines in biomass, abundance and diversity of terrestrial insect groups. While anthropogenic land use is one likely contributor to this decline, studies assessing land cover as a driver of insect dynamics are rare and mostly restricted in spatial scale and types of land cover. In this study, we used rooftop-mounted car nets in a citizen science project (‘InsectMobile’) to allow for large-scale geographic sampling of flying insects across Denmark and parts of Germany. Citizen scientists sampled insects along 278 10 km routes in urban, farmland and semi-natural (grassland, wetland and forest) landscapes in the summer of 2018. We assessed the importance of local to landscape-scale effects and land use intensity by relating insect biomass to land cover in buffers of 50, 250, 500 and 1000 m along the routes. We found a negative association of urban cover and a positive association of farmland on insect biomass at a landscape-scale (1000 m buffer) in both countries. In Denmark, we also found positive effects of all semi-natural land covers, i.e. grassland (largest at the landscape-scale, 1000 m), forests (largest at intermediate scales, 250 m), and wetlands (largest at the local-scale, 50 m). The negative association of insect biomass with urban land cover and positive association with farmland were not clearly modified by any variable associated with land use intensity. Our results show that land cover has an impact on flying insect biomass with the magnitude of this effect varying across spatial scales. Since we consistently found negative effects of urban land cover, our findings highlight the need for the conservation of semi-natural areas, such as wetlands, grasslands and forests, in Europe.
Chemical, functional, pasting and sensory properties of custard from refrigerated cassava root
Authors: Ogundele Opeolu M. , Muazu Sefia T. , Oyedeji Ajibola B. , Kayitesi Eugénie , Njobeh Patrick B. , Oyeyinka Samson A. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeCassava is a starchy crop with several industrial applications, but it deteriorates very fast after harvest. Refrigeration has been used to extend the storage life of the root and the starch isolated from the stored roots characterized. Hence, the purpose of this research is to investigate the chemical, functional, pasting and sensory properties of custard prepared from starch isolated from refrigerated cassava root.Design/methodology/approachFreshly harvest cassava root were cleaned and stored in a refrigerator operating at 4 °C for a period of one, two and three weeks. Starch was extracted from the fresh and stored roots using established method and custard prepared from each of the starch sample. The custard sample was analysed for amylose content, functional, pasting and sensory properties.FindingsAmylose content in the pastes varied significantly from 18.45 to 25.45%. Refrigeration showed a significant impact on the swelling power of the custard, which could be linked to variation in amylose content. Colour and textural properties of the custard were similar across the samples suggesting a minimal impact of refrigeration on the isolated starch. Refrigerated cassava roots can produce acceptable custard with minimal changes in sensory properties if the storage period is closely monitored.Originality/valueIn a previous study, the authors have shown that starch and cooked paste may be made from stored cassava roots without substantial changes in the quality of these products. This study further confirms the possibility of using starch from the stored roots in food applications such as in custard formulation. No report has documented the properties of custard from starch obtained from refrigerated cassava root.
“Donate to help combat COVID-19!” How typeface affects the effectiveness of CSR marketing?
Authors: Huang Huiling , Liu Stephanie Q. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) marketing has become ubiquitous in the hospitality industry. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of donation appeals containing warmth-focused versus competence-focused messages in hospitality CSR marketing. Moreover, we offer an innovative visual design strategy focusing on the typeface (handwritten vs machine-written) in donation appeals to encourage consumers’ donations and boost their brand loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach
This research used a 2 (message framing: warmth-focused vs competence-focused) × 2 (typeface: handwritten vs machine-written) between-subjects experimental design.

Findings
The findings suggest that donation appeals featuring warmth-focused messages combined with handwritten typeface and competence-focused messages combined with machine-written typeface can maximize donation intention and brand loyalty. Furthermore, results from the moderated mediation analyses indicate that brand trust is the psychological mechanism underlying these effects.

Practical implications
Hospitality managers should use typeface design, which is easy and inexpensive to manipulate, to enhance the effectiveness of CSR marketing. Specifically, for donation appeals featuring warmth-focused (competence-focused) messages, the handwritten (machine-written) typeface can boost consumers’ donation intention and brand loyalty.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first to reveal the competitive advantage of typeface design in hospitality CSR marketing. This research sheds light on the congruency effects of message framing and typeface design in donation appeals on consumers’ donation intention and brand loyalty while using the contemporary context of The Coronavirus Disease 2019 to test the theory.
ICT, social media and COVID-19: evidence from informal home-based business community in Kuwait City
Authors: Saleh Yasser 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide information on the importance of information and communication technologies (ICTs) and social media for the development of informal home-based business (HBBs) community in Kuwait City.Design/methodology/approachThis research is used as a qualitative methodology, which helps the researcher to come to original and direct quotations about the HBBs owners’ thoughts and experiences. In this paper, a multi case-based approach was used, respectively, we have used 14 cases, where 7 operate in the food sector and 7 in the entertainment/game sector. All these informal HBBs are located in Kuwait City.FindingsThe results of the research showed that the respondents use Instagram, WhatsApp, Snapchat, email and websites to communicate with customers and cooperate with business partners. Banks’ applications, such as “Edfali”, are used for doing the payments related to the business. Home-based owners are usually motivated by passion and love for the business, independence, additional source of income, succeeding in a family business, hobby or not finding an appropriate job in other companies.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the COVID-19 pandemic, we had the opportunity to interview only 14 HBBs and only from two sectors, the food and entertainment/game sector. Further research can be done with more cases and more sectors to see how ICTs and social media help these businesses to develop their activity and spread the business in different places.Practical implicationsThis paper provides useful information on the role of ICTs and social media for the informal HBBs, especially during the crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It might help business owners to prepare adequate strategies to cope with difficult situations and create better conditions for their businesses.Originality/valueThis paper is the first research that treats the informal HBB community in Kuwait City. It could serve as a good base for further studies related to the impact of ICTs and social media on the business performance.
Financial inclusion determinants and impediments in India: insights from the global financial inclusion index
Authors: Dar Arif Billah , Ahmed Farid 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the determinants of financial inclusion and the determinants of barriers to financial inclusion in India. Also, the purpose is to ascertain the determinants of informal financial activities in India.

Design/methodology/approach
The data have been collected from the Global Findex Database (Findex) 2017. Various measures of financial inclusion, namely, ownership formal accounts, use of accounts for saving and borrowing, ownership and use of the debit card are used. The independent variables used are: age, income, education and gender. Given the binary nature of dependent variables, this paper uses the Probit model to draw the inferences.

Findings
The results show that gender, age, education and income have a significant impact on the various measures of financial inclusion. Additionally, these factors have a significant impact on the informal saving and borrowing.

Research limitations/implications
The given study uses the deferent measures of financial inclusion. An index of financial inclusion created using all the financial inclusion measures would be a better indicator of financial inclusion.

Practical implications
The results of this study would be useful for policymakers to identify the determinants and barriers of financial inclusion in India. The results show that policymakers should focus on the female population, in particular, and education and income enhancing measures, in general, to make financial inclusion more inclusive.

Originality/value
The study is the first of its kind to analyze financial inclusion in India using the Findex. Unlike previous studies, variables such as education and income are constructed more pragmatically. In particular, the study tries to understand the socio-economic determinants of financial inclusion measured as ownership of formal accounts, formal saving, formal credit, ownership of debit cards and use of debit cards. The study also analyzes the determinants of barriers to financial inclusion, savings (formal and informal) and borrowing (formal and informal).
An implicit-explicit examination of differences in CSR practices between the USA and Europe
Authors: LaGore William , Mahoney Lois , Thorne Linda 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to validate the Matten and Moon (2008) implicit-explicit corporate social responsibility (CSR) model by examining whether the respective differences in CSR practices between Europe and the USA reflect their respective societal expectations.Design/methodology/approachThe principal component analysis is used to develop an innovative societal expectations index (SEI). This study tests the relationship between SEI and CSR through panel data andt-tests.FindingsThe empirical findings show a significant association between the SEI and all forms of CSR, which provides empirical support for Matten’s and Moon’s implicit-explicit framework.Originality/valueThis study is the first to develop an SEI to validate the Matten and Moon (2008) model that predicts implicit countries would adopt and conform to broader societal expectations for CSR, and therefore be more likely to embrace CSR activities than their counterparts in explicit countries.
Putative degraders of low‐density polyethylene‐derived compounds are ubiquitous members of plastic‐associated bacterial communities in the marine environment
Authors: Pinto Maria , Polania Zenner Paula , Langer Teresa M. , Harrison Jesse , Simon Meinhard , Varela Marta M. , Herndl Gerhard J. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIt remains unknown whether and to what extent marine prokaryotic communities are capable of degrading plastic in the ocean. To address this knowledge gap, we combined enrichment experiments employing low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) as the sole carbon source with a comparison of bacterial communities on plastic debris in the Pacific, the North Atlantic and the northern Adriatic Sea. A total of 35 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were enriched in the LDPE‐laboratory incubations after 1 year, of which 20 were present with relative abundances > 0.5% in at least one plastic sample collected from the environment. From these, OTUs classified as Cognatiyoonia, Psychrobacter, Roseovarius and Roseobacter were found in the communities of plastics collected at all oceanic sites. Additionally, OTUs classified as Roseobacter, Pseudophaeobacter, Phaeobacter, Marinovum and Cognatiyoonia, also enriched in the LDPE‐laboratory incubations, were enriched on LDPE communities compared to the ones associated to glass and polypropylene in in‐situ incubations in the northern Adriatic Sea after 1 month of incubation. Some of these enriched OTUs were also related to known alkane and hydrocarbon degraders. Collectively, these results demonstrate that there are prokaryotes capable of surviving with LDPE as the sole carbon source living on plastics in relatively high abundances in different water masses of the global ocean.