bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penambahan Gracilaria sp. terhadap Mutu Sosis Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos)
Authors: Permadi Aef , Wulansari Devi , Tanjung Anasri , Aripudin Aripudin 
Published: July 2020

Sosis ikan mengandung protein tinggi yang dapat bermanfaat bagi pertumbuhan anak. Sosis ikan dapat dikombinasikan dengan sumber gizi lain untuk meningkatkan nilai gizinya. Penambahan Gracilaria sp. dalam pembuatan sosis ikan bandeng dapat meningkatkan nilai gizi dan kandungan serat pangannya (dietary fiber). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan bubur Gracilaria sp. dan daging ikan bandeng yang disukai panelis, dan pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi bubur Gracilaria sp. terhadap kadar proksimat dan zat besi pada sosis ikan bandeng. Objek penelitian dibagi menjadi 2 (dua) kelompok percobaan yaitu: A0, kelompok kontrol (sosis ikan bandeng tanpa penambahan bubur Gracilaria sp.) dan A1, kelompok sosis ikan bandeng dengan penambahan bubur Gracilaria sp. Penambahan bubur Gracilaria sp. sebanyak 1 : 8 (70 g : 580 g) dari berat lumatan daging ikan menghasilkan produk yang disukai oleh panelis dengan penambahan bubur Gracilaria sp. dapat meningkatkan nilai tekstur dan gel forming ability, serta dapat meningkatkan kadar serat pada sosis, namun mempengaruhi penurunan kadar protein dan lemak.
Lipocalin-2 Exacerbates Lupus Nephritis by Promoting Th1 Cell Differentiation
Authors: Chen Weiwei , Li Wenchao , Zhang Zhuoya , Tang Xiaojun , Wu Shufang , Yao Genhong , Li Kang , Wang Dandan , Xu Yuemei , Feng Ruihai , Duan Xiaoxiao , Fan Xiangshan , Lu Liwei , Chen WanJun , Li Chaojun , Sun Lingyun 
Published: July 2020

Significance Statement
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an indicator of the severity of lupus nephritis (LN), but its exact role and the underlying mechanism of its association with the condition remain unclear. LCN2 is a key regulator of T helper type 1 (Th1) cell differentiation in the pathogenesis of LN, acting through the IL-12/signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 pathway in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Amelioration of nephritis in MRL/lpr mice given LCN2-neutralizing antibodies and in pristane-treated LCN2

−/−
mice, provides the first proof of concept that decreasing LCN2 protects against renal injury through dampening the Th1 response. LCN2 blockade may present a promising new strategy to attenuate LN.

Background
Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an indicator of the severity of lupus nephritis (LN) and plays a pivotal role in immune responses, but it is not known if its effect on LN pathogenesis derives from regulating the immune imbalance of T lymphocyte subsets.

Methods
The expression of LCN2 in T cells and kidneys was assessed in renal biopsies from patients with LN. We investigated the relationship between LCN2 levels and development of LN and systemic illness by injecting anti-LCN2 antibodies into MRL/lpr mice and analyzing pristane-treated LCN2

−/−
mice.

Results
LCN2 is highly expressed in CD4+ T cells and in renal tissues, and is associated with severe renal damage in patients with LN and in mice with experimental lupus. LCN2 promotes IFN-γ overexpression in CD4+ T cells through the IL-12/STAT4 pathway in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Both neutralization of LCN2 in MRL/lpr mice and genetic depletion of LCN2 in pristane-induced lupus mice greatly ameliorate nephritis. The frequency and number of splenic and renal Th1 cells decrease in proportion to LN disease activity. Conversely, administration of LCN2 exacerbates the disease with significantly higher renal activity scores and increased numbers of Th1 cells.

Conclusions
LCN2 plays a crucial role in Th1 cell differentiation, and may present a potential therapeutic target for LN.
El Estado-Nación en Colombia como orden jurídico-político híbrido: Revisión teórica a propósito de la noción de ‘Failed State’
Authors: ALONSO NIÑO EDWIN HERNANDO , GARCÍA JARA RODRIGO , SILVA PERILLA SEBASTIÁN 
Published: July 2020

Como consecuencia de los conflictos sociales, económicos y militares, Colombia ha sido considerada a lo largo de la historia como un Estado fallido o en fracaso. Los últimos estudios realizados por Fund for Peace demuestran que Colombia, aunque ha alcanzado una mejoría, aún se encuentra en una advertencia elevada frente a los índices de estatalidad, dejando varias deudas en temas de seguridad estatal, fragmentación del Estado y desarrollo económico (FFP, 2018).
Siguiendo con lo anterior, los análisis de estatalidad que determinan el nivel de éxito de un orden jurídico-político y que estudian factores económicos, políticos, y sociales, tienen una notable influencia europea occidental, como consecuencia del Estado moderno que se ha desarrollado por autores de influencia contractual. A pesar de lo descrito, estos estudios son aplicados en países de América del sur, como Colombia, que poseen condiciones geográficas, sociales, culturales e históricas muy diferentes a los Estados del continente europeo, lo cual puede conllevar a errores debido a que tienen características diferentes.

Por consiguiente, en el presente artículo se busca realizar un análisis conceptual de la hibridez estatal, comenzando con la definición de Estado moderno, desde un enfoque social y jurídico, continuando con la explicación de hibridez cultural, teniendo como referencia la relación legalidad-ilegalidad que contribuye en la construcción de Estado, para de esta manera edificar una definición de Estado hibrido y así, postular la hibridez estatal como una forma de organización jurídico-política en Colombia.
El estado regional y su aplicablidad en Colombia
Authors: ÁLVAREZ DÍAZ OSCAR LUIS 
Published: July 2020

El Estado regional como una variante del Estado compuesto a semejanza de la nación española, es una forma organizativa territorial que no puede ser acogida en la legislación colombiana , explicar los motivos o las razones constitucionales para arribar a dicha conclusión es el propósito central de esta líneas.
Lo anterior se fundamenta en la estructura organizativa del poder político actual configurado por el constituyente, que siendo un Estado unitario no posibilita la adopción de comunidades autónomas como las existentes en España, siendo la enmienda constitucional por quien tiene poder de reforma y sustitución el mecanismo adecuado para mutuar la forma del Estado .colombiano.
Avant-Propos/Foreword
Authors: Anderson Ian , Seguin Kady 
Published: July 2020

Merci de votre intérêt envers Potentia, le Journal des étudiants diplômés du Centre d’études en politiques internationales (CÉPI) de l’Université d’Ottawa. Cette édition marque l’inauguration du journal et nous espérons qu’elle sera la première d’une série de contributions intellectuelles riches et stimulantes au discours sur la politique internationale au Canada et dans le monde.
Thank you for your interest in Potentia, the Graduate Student Journal of the Centre for International Policy Studies (CIPS) at the University of Ottawa. This marks the Journal’s inaugural edition. We hope it is the first of many thought-provoking and insightful contributions to international policy discourse in Canada and the world.
Micro-core decompression combined with intralesional zoledronic acid as a treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head: a novel technique
Authors: Ashraf Muhammed , George Jyothis , Sha I. Ibad 
Published: July 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Avascular necrosis (AVN)/osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a debilitating condition affecting the hip joint and is one of the most common causes of total hip replacement. The available treatments include pharmacological and surgical options with total hip arthroplasty (THA) being the mainstay of treatment. This present study is a novel technique of combining micro core decompression with intra-lesional bisphosphonate as a treatment for osteonecrosis of the hip.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study of 19 hips was done. There were 11 males and 4 females ranging 42-63 years. Four hips were stage I, ten hips were stage IIA, three hips were stage IIb and two hips were stage III. 16 hips (40%) had stage IIb and 24 hips (60%) had stage III ONFH. The minimum period of follow up was 24 months. All patients were assessed according to the Harris hip score. The operative procedure includes decompressing the avascular area with drilling then injecting the zoledronic acid locally.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean preoperative modified Harris hip score in stage I (n=4), stage IIa (n=10), stage IIb (n=3) and stage III (n=2) were 81.9, 72.7, 68.8 and 59.2 respectively. The mean postoperative modified Harris hip score at two years in stage I, stage IIa, stage IIb and stage III were 97.3, 91.1, 88.4 and 82.5 respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We found that the use of micro core-decompression with intra-lesional bisphosphonate will provide higher chances towards hip preservation especially in late cases or cases with larger lesions where core decompression may not be successful.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Impact of UVC radiation on interaction of selected antifungal drugs (azole derivatives) with model DPPH free radical
Authors: Ramos Paweł , Pepliński Piotr , Pilawa Barbara 
Published: July 2020

WstępZmianom grzybiczym towarzyszy stan zapalny, w trakcie którego wytwarzane są duże ilości wolnych rodników. Leki działające przeciwgrzybiczo, wykazujące dodatkowo działanie antyoksydacyjne, mogłyby się przyczynić do szybszego powrotu do zdrowia. Ważną rolę w zapewnieniu skutecznej i bezpiecznej farmakoterapii zmian grzybiczych odgrywają prawidłowe przechowywanie leku oraz odpowiednie postępowanie pacjenta w trakcie leczenia. Promieniowanie ultrafioletowe może generować wolne rodniki w leku w procesie fotolizy. Lek zawierający wolne rodniki może powodować efekty toksyczne w organizmie.
Celem pracy było zbadanie właściwości antyoksydacyjnych wybranych leków przeciwgrzybiczych pochodnych azoli. Dodatkowo sprawdzono wpływ promieniowania UVC (ultraviolet C) na badane leki oraz ich oddziaływanie z modelowym wolnym rodnikiem DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl).Materiał i metodyBadane próbki azoli poddano 24-godzinnej ekspozycji na promieniowanie UVC. Zbadano oddziaływanie próbek leków z modelowym wolnym rodnikiem DPPH przed i po naświetlaniu ich promieniowaniem ultrafioletowym. Jako techniki badawcze zastosowano spektroskopię UV-Vis (ultraviolet-visible) oraz kolorymetrię w układzie analizy barwy CIE Lab.WynikiSpośród wyjściowych próbek badanych leków tylko ketokonazol oddziaływał z wolnym rodnikiem DPPH, powodując jego wygaszenie. Ekspozycja na promieniowanie UVC powodowała wzrost właściwości antyoksydacyjnych w ketokonazolu oraz w mikonazolu. Parametry CIE Lab, widma UV oraz kinetyka oddziaływania z DPPH obu leków były odmienne po naświetlaniu promieniowaniem UVC, co może wskazywać na zmiany zachodzące w ketokonazolu i mikonazolu. Największą stabilność na promieniowanie ultrafioletowe wykazywał flukonazol, którego parametry CIE Lab, widma UV oraz oddziaływanie z DPPH nie zmieniły się po naświetlaniu próbki.WnioskiBadania z zastosowaniem spektrofotometrii UV-Vis oraz kolorymetrii pozwoliły na ocenę wpływu promieniowania UVC na wybrane leki przeciwgrzybicze, w tym na ocenę ich oddziaływania z modelowym wolnym rodnikiem DPPH. Zaleca się ochronę ketokonazolu i mikonazolu przed światłem. Wskazana jest również ochrona przed słońcem pacjentów w trakcie farmakoterapii tymi lekami.
Trajetórias de uma estudante Iny(Karajá): narrativa de acesso e permanência no curso superior
Authors: Karajá Vanessa Hatxu De Moura 
Published: July 2020

O presente trabalho traz narrativas e experiências de uma estudante indígena pertencente do povo Iny(Karajá).Esta é uma pesquisa autobiográfica sobre meu percurso como estudante indígena, cotista, no curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia na Faculdade de Educação (FE) da Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG). A investigação tem por objetivo reunir elementos para entender como as ações afirmativas estão sendo aplicadas na questão indígena no ensino superior, e investigar as narrativas de estudantes indígenas no ensino superior envolvendo acesso e permanência. O artigo Tem por base a perspectiva do pensamento Intercultural (BANIWA,2010; Bergamaschi, 2003). Aponta possibilidades da interculturalidade dos saberes na universidade ações educativas vinculadas ao ensino superior indígena. Também apontam que a permanência dos estudantes indígenas é um grande desafio para universidades e que diálogo e postura receptiva aos conhecimentos originários podem ser o primeiro passo para efetivar processos de interculturalidade no ensino superior.
Korelasi Antara Kadar Testosteron Total dengan Kepribadian Antisosial dan Jenis Kriminalitas pada Penghuni Lapas Jember
Authors: Sembiring Dewi Prisca , Soetjipto Dr. 
Published: July 2020

Latarbelakang. Hormon testosterone telah lama diasosiasikan dengan berbagai macam sifat pria pada umumnya dan berhubungan dengan perilaku agresif, dominasi dan kepribadian antisocial dalam berbagai kondisi masyarakat, bahkan dalam beberapa kasus disebutkan tin dakan criminal menjadi salah satu efek dari tingginya kadar hormonini.Tujuan. Korelasi antara kadar hormone testosteron total pada penghuni Lapas Jember, dengan kepribadian antisosial yang dimiliki dan jenis kriminal yang dilakukan.Metode. Studi kuantitatif cross sectional. Menggunakan form MCMI-IV dan uji kadar terstosteron total pada pukul 8 – 10 Pagi. Uji statistic dengan metode chi square.Hasil. Mayoritasresponden (82 %) memiliki kadar testosteron total normal (antara 3,0-10,6 ng/ml), 13% kadar testosteron yang rendah, dan 5 % kadar testosterone tinggi. 29 % kepribadian anti sosial, dan 71 % kepribadian bukan anti sosial. 82 % melakukan tindak kriminalitas non seksual dan 18 % terpidana tindak kriminalitas seksual.Simpulan. Tidak diperoleh hubungan antara kadar testosteron total dengan kepribadian dan jenis kriminalitas.
Operating Room Traffic in Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Osborn Nathaniel S. , Hoehmann Christopher L. , McCormack Richard , Owens Jonathan 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Periprosthetic joint infection remains a devastating complication of total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The literature suggests that unnecessary operating room (OR) traffic increases the risk of surgical site infection by increasing bacterial load in the OR. We attempted to determine whether the posting of “restricted access” signs on the outside and inside of OR doors during primary TJA procedures would result in a reduction of OR door openings.

Methods:
This prospectively designed, 2-phase study investigated the number of door openings per case for primary TJA. An independent observer collected data for each TJA case; the OR staff were blinded to the data collection to avoid bias. The first phase of this study recorded OR traffic without the use of “restricted access” signs. In the second, interventional phase of the study, OR traffic was monitored with the concomitant application of “restricted access” signs on the doors. The number of openings per case, from the time of incision to the time of dressing application, was collected.

Results:
The average number of openings per case during the first phase was 75, with 0.59 door openings per minute. The average number of openings per case during the second phase was 40, with 0.28 door openings per minute. Therefore, a 47% reduction in openings per case and a 53% reduction in the number of openings per minute during primary TJA cases were observed.

Conclusions:
We demonstrated that the simple addition of “restricted access” signs on the outside and inside of OR doors produced a significant reduction (p < 0.001) in OR traffic during primary TJA.

Clinical Relevance:
Posting signs can decrease door openings, potentially decreasing infection.
Development, reliability and validity of the Safe Use of Mobility Aids Checklist (SUMAC) for 4-wheeled walker use in people living with dementia
Authors: Hunter Susan , Divine Alison , Omana Humberto , Madou Edward , Holmes Jeffrey 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Balance and gait problems are common and progressive in dementia. Mobility aid use in people with dementia increases the likelihood of falls three-fold. An assessment tool to quantify mobility aid safety in people with dementia does not currently exist. The objectives of this study were: 1) to develop a tool for the evaluation of physical function and safety with use of a 4-wheeled walker in people with dementia, and 2) to evaluate its construct and criterion validity, inter-rater and test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change.Methods: Healthcare professionals (HCP) experienced in care and rehabilitation of people with dementia participated in focus groups for item generation of the new tool, entitled The Safe Use of Mobility Aid Checklist (SUMAC). The SUMAC evaluates physical function (PF) and safe use of the equipment (EQ) on nine tasks of daily life. Ten individuals with dementia using a 4-wheeled walker were recorded performing the tasks within the SUMAC. Reliability was evaluated by having five HCP score participant videos on two occasions. Inter-rater and test-retest reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Construct validity was evaluated using scores determined by a consensus panel compared to the individual HCP scores using Spearman’s rank-order correlations. Criterion validity was assessed between SUMAC-PF and the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) gait subscale using Spearman’s rank-order correlations. Results: Three focus groups (n=17) were completed and these generated a tool comprised of nine tasks and the components within each task that the clinicians would observe for physical function and safe use. Inter-rater reliability was statistically significant for the SUMAC-PF (ICC=0.92, 95%CI (0.81, 0.98), p<0.001) and SUMAC-EQ (ICC=0.82, 95%CI (0.54, 0.95), p<0.001). Test-retest reliability was also statistically significant for the SUMAC-PF (ICC=0.89, 95%CI (0.81, 0.94), p<0.001) and SUMAC-EQ (ICC=0.88, 95%CI (0.79, 0.93), p<0.001). The POMA gait subscale correlated strongly with the SUMAC-PF (r=0.84), but not EQ (r=0.39).Conclusions: Each of the scores of the SUMAC, physical function and safe use of the equipment, demonstrated content validity, strong inter-rater and test-retest reliability and strong criterion and concurrent validity for the assessment of mobility aid safety in people with dementia.
The Effect of Oral Sildenafil Therapy on Health-Related Quality of Life in Adults with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension related to Uncorrected Secundum Atrial Septal Defect: A Quasi Experimental Study
Authors: hidayati fera , Gharini Putrika , Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Anggrahini Dyah Wulan , Dinarti Lucia Kris 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are often measured as an important patient-reported outcome (PRO) in clinical studies. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a common complication of atrial septal defect (ASD). This study aimed to compare the HRQoL of PAH related uncorrected secundum ASD at pre and post therapy with oral sildenafil therapy. Methods: We conducted quasi experimental study at Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta since April 2016 to August 2017. Adults with PAH related uncorrected secundum ASD, listed on Congenital Heart Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension (COHARD-PH) registry, and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited as subject. Interview was done at pre and 12 weeks post oral sildenafil therapy 3 x 20 mg using the EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using Wilcoxon test and paired T-test to determine the differences of EQ5D utility and EQVAS score at pre and post therapy. Results: A total of 18 adult patients with PAH related to uncorrected secundum ASD were enrolled in this study (83.33% female; mean age 38.72 ± 10.81 years old). The most frequent reported problems pre therapy were pain/discomfort (83%) and anxiety/depression (78%). Wilcoxon test showed the median of EQ5D utility score were increased after sildenafil therapy (before= 0.604, after=0.664; Z= -2,703; p:0.007), respectively. Meanwhile, the paired T-test results showed an increase of EQ-VAS mean difference 6.67±8.75 (p:0.005; 95% CI 2.32-11.02) after sildenafil therapy. Conclusion: The administration of oral sildenafil therapy 3 x 20 mg during 12 weeks in adult patients with PAH related uncorrected secundum ASD gives better HRQoL.
Prevalence and Distribution of Resistance and Enterotoxins/Enterotoxin-likes Genes in Different Clinical Isolates of Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus
Authors: Nasaj Mona , Saeidi Zahra , Tahmasebi Hamed , Dehbashi Sanaz , Arabestani Mohammad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) are considered to be the major reservoirs for genes facilitating the evolution of S. aureus as a successful pathogen. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of genes conferring resistance to fluoroquinolone, determining of the prevalence of insertion sequence elements IS256, IS257 and different superantigenes (SAgs) among CoNS isolates obtained from various clinical sources.Materials and Methods: The current study conducted on a total of the 91 CoNS species recovered from clinical specimens in Hamadan hospitals in western Iran in 2017-19. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion method and the presence of the IS256 and IS257, genes conferring resistance to fluoroquinolone and enterotoxins/enterotoxin-like encoding genes were investigated by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Results: Among genes encoding classic enterotoxins, sec was the most frequent which was carried by 48.4% of the 91 isolates, followed by seb in 27.5% of the isolates. None of the CoNS isolates was found to be positive to enterotoxin-like encoding genes. In 11(12%) of all isolates that were phenotypically resistant to levofloxacin, 9 isolates (81.8%) were positive for gyrB, 8 isolates (72.7%) were positive for gyrA, 8 isolates (72.7%) harbored grlB and 7 isolates (63.6%) were found to carry grlA. The IS256 and IS257 were identified in 31.8 % and 74.7% of the isolates, respectively. The results of statistical analysis showed a significant association between the occurrence of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) encoding genes and antimicrobial resistance.Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistant determinants and SEs are co-present in clinical CoNS isolates that confer selective advantage for colonization and survival in hospital settings. The coexistence of insertion elements and antibiotic resistance indicate their role in pathogenesis and infectious diseases.