bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Activity Changes of the DMN an Indicator of Women's Depression After Breast Cancer Surgery?
Authors: Huang Jinwen , Zhang Luping , Gao Xiufei , Zhu Xiangzhen , Zhang Fan , Song Wenwen , Xu Maosheng , Cao Zhijian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between changes of the brain’s default mode network (DMN) activity and clinical scale scores in patients with depression after breast cancer surgery using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) based on the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and the regional homogeneity (ReHo), to explore whether activity changes of the DMN can be an indicator of women’s depression after breast cancer surgery.MethodsThe institutional Ethics Committee has approved this prospective study. Twenty-three patients were followed after breast cancer surgery, including 12 cases with postoperative depression and 11 cases without depression. All patients underwent rs-fMRI. The ALFF and ReHo values were obtained and converted to Z values for statistical analysis. Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis were performed to correlate the clinical scale scores with ALFF value and ReHo value. A two sample T-test was conducted for ALFF and ReHo values of patients in two groups.ResultsThe ALFF value of the right precuneus was negatively correlated with the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) score (r = -0.43, P < 0.05). The full-scale attention quotient (FSAQ) score was positively correlated with the ALFF value of the left angular gyrus (r = 0.44, P < 0.05) and the right supramarginal gyrus (r = 0.50, P < 0.05). The ReHo value of the right angular gyrus was positively correlated with self-rating depression scale (SDS) score (r = 0.45, P < 0.05) and HAMA score (r = 0.49, P < 0.05). There were significant correlations between the clinical scale scores and the ALFF values and ReHo values of the DMN regions in patients after breast cancer surgery, but no statistical difference in ALFF and ReHo values between patients with and without depression after breast cancer surgery.ConclusionsActivity changes of the DMN in patients were closely related to the attention deficit in depressive disorder and anxiety in patients who had recently undergone breast cancer surgery. Meanwhile, the change of neuronal synchronization in the right angular gyrus may be closely associated with the pathophysiology of anxiety. Rs-fMRI can help to better detect and evaluate depression in patients after breast cancer surgery.
Farmer knowledge and perceptions of agrochemicals use on honeybee community and honey production in Benin
Authors: Dassou Anicet Gbèblonoudo , Anagonou Corinne , Vohouhe Senan , Edikou Aristide Adjai , Tovignan Silvère , Dassou Barres , Bodjrenou Delphine , Kindomihou Valentin , Afouda Léonard , Vodouhe Simplice Davo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Apiculture faces many constraints including the use of agrochemicals. Chronic exposure to chemical pesticide use results in the loss of honeybee colonies and alters detoxification mechanisms and immune responses, driving them more susceptible to parasites. This study aims at investigating the impact of agrochemical use on honeybee community and honey production in northern Benin.
Methods

For this purpose, 100 beekeepers were surveyed using a survey questionnaire. Information on treated crops, the distance of beehives from these crops, the effect of insecticides and herbicides, adaptation patterns and honey production were collected through individual interviews. Socio-demographic data and farmer’s knowledge on agrochemical uses and their impacts on honeybee communities were determined. Information were also collected on alternative methods to agrochemicals, beehive types and honey taste.
Results

Apicultural investigations have shown that chemical pesticides were applied in fields of crops and that beehives were mostly located near treated fields. The most used chemical pesticides were Kalach (glyphosate), Callifor G (glyphosate, fluometuron, prometyn), Atrazila 80 wp (atrazin), Herbextra (glyphosate) and Cotonix (deltamethrin and chlorpyriphos). The majority of beekeepers (79%) recognize the effect of pesticides and use alternatives to pesticides to reduce the risk. In general, 49% of beekeepers found the decrease in the big breed of bees and 40% that of the small breed. The honey production was higher when the beehives were installed far from the treated fields.
Conclusion and implications:

This study allowed to knowing the direct and indirect effects of the agrochemical use on beekeeping. Alternative pest management methods to the pesticide use practiced by farmers would lead to sustainable improvements of honey production in Benin.
The Impact of a Local Ordinance on the Availability of Cultural Foods in Convenience Stores and Non-traditional Food Stores
Authors: Hearst Mary , Yang Jade , Friedrichsen Samantha , Lenk Kathleen , Caspi Caitlin , laska Melissa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Limited access to culturally preferred foods serves as a barrier to healthy diet consumption among vulnerable populations, including low-income neighborhoods and communities of color. Large supermarkets are often unavailable, leaving greater access to convenience and non-traditional stores in these areas. In 2015, the Minneapolis Staple Foods Ordinance was enforced and required food stores to meet a minimum stocking for a variety of healthy foods/beverages. The purpose of this study is to assess the ordinance impact on the availability of culturally preferred foods in corner and non-traditional food stores located in immigrant populations of color and African American neighborhoods. Methods: The present analysis was conducted using data from the STORE (Staple foods Ordinance Evaluation) study. Culturally preferred foods were identified from a list of food items in the parent study and used to assess changes in availability in stores between neighboring cities, Minneapolis (ordinance) and Saint Paul (control), Minnesota, U.S.A.. A subset of 60 stores from Minneapolis (n = 31) and Saint Paul (n = 29) were used for the final analysis. The analysis included stores located in one of the four identified communities of color, where 20% of the census tract population classified as either Black/African American, Latinx, Asian, or East African. Changes in cultural food availability were analyzed at pre-ordinance and 12 months post-enforcement time points using SAS, including descriptive statistics and generalized linear mixed models. Results: In Minneapolis, 80.7% of stores had at least one culturally relevant food available pre-ordinance, compared to 90.3% post-ordinance, a difference that was not statistically different. Stores did not have a great variety of culturally relevant foods pre- or post-ordinance, and overall findings show no significant changes over time and/ or between Minneapolis and St. Paul. There was a 23% increase in availability of cultural food items from pre to post ordinance for corporate-owned stores, though this change was not statistically significant, and no change for independently owned stores. Conclusions: The presence of cultural foods did not significantly increase with local ordinance implementation. Further interventions may be needed to address cultural food availability and variety in small, independent stores near lower-income areas and communities of color. Trial registration: NCT02774330
A Study of the Quality of Work Life Among Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technologists in National Guard Health Affairs Hospitals in KSA
Authors: Almugren Ghadah , Zedan Haya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Quality of Work Life (QWL) is a multi-dimensional discipline concerned with the quality of life at the workplace. Objectives: This work aimed to assess the level of QWL of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technologists (MRITs) at National Guard Health Affairs Hospitals (NGHA) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and identify the correlation between QWL dimensions and Job and Career Satisfaction (JCS). Methodology: This study used the 32-item WRQoL-2 tool, a questionnaire consisting of 6 subscales; Job and Career Satisfaction (JCS), Control at Work (CAW), Home-Work Interface (HWI), General Well-Being (GWB), Stress at Work (SAW) and Work Conditions (WCS). Results: The study respondents were 57 MRITs working in NGHA hospitals across KSA with a 100% response rate. We found a high level of QWL among MRITs (66.2%, 3.31/5). The level of JCS was high (71.6%, 3.59/5) with a significant correlation between JCS and WCS, CAW, HWI, and GWB. There was an inverse relationship between SAW and JCS. Conclusion: Further research in the field of QWL is needed to diagnose shortcomings affecting the quality of healthcare services in KSA.
Phytochromes B1/B2 Are Major Regulators of Ripening-associated Epigenome Reprogramming in Tomato Fruits
Authors: Bianchetti Ricardo , Bellora Nicolas , Haro Luis de , Zuccarelli Rafael , Rosado Daniele , Freschi Luciano , Rossi Magdalena , Bermudez Luisa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Phytochrome-mediated light and temperature perception has been shown to be a major regulator of fruit development. Furthermore, chromatin remodelling via DNA demethylation has been described as a crucial mechanism behind the fruit ripening process; however, the molecular basis underlying the triggering of this epigenetic modification remains largely unknown. Here, through integrative analyses of the methylome, siRNAome and transcriptome of tomato fruits from phyA and phyB1B2 null mutants, we report that PHYB1 and PHYB2 control genome-wide DNA methylation during fruit development. The experimental evidence indicates that PHYB1B2 signal transduction is mediated by the coordinated expression of DNA methylases/demethylases, histone-modifying enzymes and chromatin remodelling factors, resulting in the transcriptional regulation of photosynthetic and ripening-associated genes. This new level of understanding provides insights into the orchestration of epigenetic mechanisms in response to environmental cues affecting agronomical traits.
Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure Combined With Cold Coagulation for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Adenocarcinoma In-Situ: A Feasible Treatment With a Low Risk of Residual/Recurrent Disease
Authors: Yang Eun Jung , Kim Nae Ry , Choi Ji Yeon , Kim Wook Youn , Lee Sun Joo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the significance of positive resection margins (RMs) with the loop electrosurgical excision procedure combined with cold coagulation (LEEP with CC) as a definitive treatment for patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and adenocarcinoma in-situ. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 467 patients who underwent LEEP with CC. A right-angled triangular loop in a single pass followed by a CC (120°C) to the cone bed for 10 to 20 seconds was used. Pathology reports and clinical data were obtained and evaluated. Results: Histopathology evaluation of LEEP tissue samples revealed the presence of CIN 1 in 69, CIN 2/3 in 366, AIS in 5 and invasive carcinoma in 16 (microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and invasive SCC, 13 and 3) patients. Margins were positive in 66 (14.5%) cases: 0 in CIN 1, 54 in CIN 2/3 (12.4%), 1 in AIS (20.0%) and 11 in microinvasive/invasive SCC (68.8%). Although 54 CIN2/3 patients with positive RMs did not undergo additional treatment, 1 of these (1.9%) was confirmed to have residual CIN3 at the first follow-up. Two of 8 (25.0%) microinvasive SCC patients with positive RMs were confirmed to have residual diseases (1 microinvasive SCC and 1 invasive SCC) after hysterectomy. Four out of 360 (1 positive RM, 3 negative RM) CIN cases recurred during the study period. Conclusions: These results suggest that CIN patients with positive RMs after LEEP with CC may be followed up without additional treatment.
Effect of nutrition education on dietary diversity score of type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Mutagwanya Robert , Nyago Christine Magala , Nakwagala Fredrick Nelson 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Consumption of a varied diet reduces the risk of developing a deficiency or excess of any one nutrient. One of the three corner stones of diabetes management is diet and therefore, dietary diversity is key among diabetes patients. Objective: The objective of this study was to establish the impact of nutrition education on the dietary diversity scores (DDS) among type 2 diabetes patients. Methods: Kant et al method was used for scoring dietary diversity. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 21). Pair sample t-test was used to compare total DDS after and before nutrition education. P< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Subjects: One hundred type 2 diabetic patients were randomly selected and divided into two groups of intervention and control (50 patients in each group) to participate in the study. Data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire before and after intervention every after one month for a period of four months of intervention.Results: The average age of patients who participated in the study was 48 (40–51) years. Most of the patients were females (65.39%), compared to males (34.01%). At the end of the study period of four months, DDS in the control group decreased from 40.08% to 38.49% (p=0.064) while in the intervention group, DDS increased from 35.30 % to 54.20% (p<0.001). Conclusion: Dietary diversity increased after nutrition education among type 2 diabetes patients.Trial registration: The study was registered and approved on 17th April 2013 by the Research and Ethics committee of Mulago Hospital and Institutional Review Board of Mulago hospital (Protocol MREC 113).
Malnutrition Accelerates Colorectal Cancer Progression through Macrophage Activated by B Cells Immune via Gut Microbiota
Authors: Chao Xu , Dechuan Li , Ziwei Wang , Yan Wang , Lu Xu , Haitao Chen , Bo Zhang , Runzhe Zhang , Haixing Ju , Qinghua Yao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Malnutrition threatened the clinical outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC) by reducing patients’ responses to anti-cancer treatments and ultimately shortening thesurvival time. Recently malnutrition has been confirmed to play an important role in CRC progress via gut microbiota. However, roles of gut microbiota in the immunopathogenesis of malnutrition and its underlying mechanisms remain inconclusive. Methods: Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was performed to determine the nutrition status in colon cancer patients. 16srRNA sequencing was prepared to explore the dramatic variation of the fecal microbiota among patients with different nutrition status. Fecal microbiota transplantation was used to transplant into C57BL/6J mice model and DSS/AOM mice model. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were applied to test the CD makers. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was also prepared to explore the B cells and macrophage from serum and tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and qPCR were used to determine the expression level of cytokines.Results: In this work, we found the specific microbiota species including Atopobium.vaginae, Selenomonas.sputigena and Faecalibacterium.prausnitzii, which may be considered as the diagnostic biomarkers to help improve poor prognosis in CRC. These microbiota were found to be protumorigenic and adversely affect the nutritional status and overall survival of the animal models. More importantly, our evidence suggesting that these fecal microbiota recruited B cells and macrophage to activate the specific tumor immune in CRC. Depletion of B cells significantly suppressed fecal microbiota induced-M2b polarization, as well as the protumorigenic activity of tumor-associated macrophages in vivo.Conclusion: gut microbiome in CRC under malnutrition status could upregulate the activity of B cells and protumorigenic macrophage in CRC. Gut microbiome intervention could be a feasible approach to malnutrition-related CRC treatment.
Co-expression of IL-7 and PH20 Promote anti-GPC3 CAR-T Tumor Suppressor Activity in Vivo and in Vitro
Authors: Liu Qian , Wang Cixiao , Jiang Zeyou , Yue Su-yang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
While CAR-T therapy has successfully treated hematological malignancies, it has proved sub-optimal for solid tumors. The main limitation is the inability of CAR-T cells to infiltrate and then proliferate within tumors. In this study, we co-expressed IL-7 and PH20, a type of hyaluronidase, with CAR targeting GPC3 (G3CAR-7×20) to address these issues. We found (G3CAR-7×20) exhibited better proliferation in vivo and in vitro than G3CAR, reduced the level of apoptosis after stimulation by tumor cells, and maintained the memory phenotype of CAR-T cells. G3CAR-7×20 also increased the ability of CAR-T cells to infiltrate tumor tissue. G3CAR-7×20 may significantly enhance the efficacy of CAR-T cells in solid tumors.
Institutional Delivery Predisposes to Neonatal Sepsis and Its Associated Factors Among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Central Gondar Zone Primary Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019.
Authors: Agnche Zelalem , Yeshita Hedja Yenus , Gonete Kedir Abdela 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Neonatal sepsis contributes substantially to neonatal morbidity and mortality and is an ongoing major global public health challenge particularly in developing countries. Studies conducted on proportion and risk factors of neonatal sepsis in Ethiopia are from referral hospital which may not be generalized to primary health care units where a significant proportion of mothers give birth in these health facilities. This study sought to determine the proportion of clinical neonatal sepsis and associated factors in the study areas.Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019, in Amhara regional state, central Gondar zone public primary hospitals in Ethiopia. A total of 352 subjects (mother-neonate pairs ) were selected using systematic random sampling technique and pre-tested and structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify factors associated with neonatal sepsis. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with the corresponding 95% confidence Interval (CI) was used to show the strength of associations and variables with p-values of <0.05 were considered as statistically significant.Results: The overall proportion of neonatal sepsis was 64.8 %( 95% CI (59.2, 69.2). Being male neonate(AOR=3.7; 95% CI(1.76,7.89)), history of urinary tract infections during the index pregnancy(AOR =6,26; 95% CI (1.16,33.62)), frequency of per-vaginal examination greater than three during labor and delivery(AOR=6.06; 95% CI((2.45,14.99)), neonatal resuscitation at birth (AOR=6.1; 95% CI (1.71,21.84)), place of delivery at the health center(AOR=3.05; 95% CI(1.19,7.79)), lack of training of health workers on neonatal resuscitation and infection prevention practices (AOR=2.14; 95% CI (1.04,4.44)), late age of neonate at onset of illness(AOR=0.05; 95% CI(0.01, 0.21)) and maternal age of 30-34 years (AOR=0.19; 95% CI(.047, 0.81)) were significantly associated with neonatal sepsis.Conclusion: The proportion of neonatal sepsis is high. Maternal, neonatal and health service related factors were identified for neonatal sepsis. Therefore; training of health workers, provision of health care services as per standards and monitoring and evaluation of obstetrical/neonatal cares during labor and delivery are mandatory.
Group-Adapted ad Libitum Feeding vs. Conventional Restrictive Feeding: Impact on Health, Behavior, and Reproductive Performance of Group-Housed Pregnant Sows
Authors: Angermann Eva , Wensch-Dorendorf Monika , Frenking Stephanie , Kemper Nicole , Borell Eberhard von 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCommon feeding systems for pregnant group-housed sows meet the nutritional demand but do not sufficiently consider their natural feeding behavior. A new group-adapted ad libitum feeding system called “SWOF” (Hölscher + Leuschner GmbH & Co. KG®, Emsbüren, Germany) was developed to ensure that both optimal nutritional and behavioral needs are met. This feeding system comprises an activity and lying area and two areas with ad libitum liquid feeding on the basis of whole plant wheat silage. Passing through a sorting gate, sows could be given either a low- or high-energy diet according to their weight and parity. The study’s aim was to investigate the effects of this new system on sows’ body weight, health status (lameness), aggression parameters (integument injuries, vulva injuries, displacements at the trough), feed intake rhythm, and litter performance, and to compare these with restrictively fed group-housed sows, which is the common standard in Germany. ResultsIn the group-adapted ad libitum feeding system, significantly less risk for displacements at the trough and vulva injuries were observed, and sows followed their natural biphasic feed intake rhythm. This system also resulted in lower body weight and more integument injuries than the restrictively fed group-housed sows. However, these might be due to different management practices and group size between the two systems. No influence of the feeding system was observed, neither on lameness nor litter performance. ConclusionThe data reported here show the promising effects of the group-adapted ad libitum “SWOF” feeding system with regard to animal welfare, as sows can freely choose when and how much feed they want to consume without taking the risk of over conditioning. The “SWOF” feeding system remains to be further validated, also considering the group size and management practices.