bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison between simulations and experiment for heat transfer characteristics in the re-burning kiln heat exchanger
Authors: Panyoyai Piyathida , Tantikul Samerkhwan , Wongsiriamnuay Thanasit , Khamdaeng Tipapon , Tippayawong Nakorn , Panyoyai Numpon 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Waste heat from the combustion process that is left unused may cause pollution problems and adversely affect health. This waste heat should be recovered. In this research, the simulation and experimental data on heat transfer characteristics of the pipe coiled inside the re-burning kiln heat exchanger were studied. The main objective of this study was to compare heat transfer coefficients obtained from the simulation using water as the working fluid with those obtained experimentally from the re-burning kiln heat exchanger for the drying system. The re-burning kiln heat exchanger was of coil-pipe-type with an outside diameter of 38 mm. The coiled pipe set up on the re-burning kiln heat exchanger was 80 cm in width and 173 cm in height. The flow rate of the cold water used as a working fluid was varied from 10 to 20 LPM, while the surface temperature of the coil pipe was varied from 200±20°C to 400±20°C, respectively. Thermal conductivity and outlet temperature of the water were also measured as a function of the internal temperature and water flow rate. The experimental results were validated against the simulation. The results showed that when the flow rate of water inlet decreased from 20 LPM to 10 LPM, the temperature of the water outlet was increased from 52.4 °C to 76.3 °C respectively. An increase in the temperature of the water outlet because of increased the re-burning kiln heat exchanger temperature and reduced the mass flow rate of supply water. The obtained simulated heat transfer coefficient in the re-burning kiln heat exchanger was in agreement with the experimental results.
Role of solar energy for enhancing sustainable energy and electricity in Myanmar: An outlook
Authors: Lin Ohn Zin , Mon Khine Khine , Htay Tin Tin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Sustainable Energy Development is a must consideration for energy sector. Energy Trilemma index is quite low in Myanmar as only 40% of the country is electrified At 66% of Final Energy Consumption, the residential sector was the largest energy consumer, due to the use of fuel wood for cooking. For electricity sector, load shedding problems are frequently occurred in dry season because of insufficient generation. Local peoples are also protesting Coal fired power plants and natural gas is also not available sufficiently. In this paper, the role of solar energy to enhance energy security, affordability and environmental sustainability are analyzed using energy Trilemma index as a tool. Energy Trilemma is used as a tool to determine the sustainability development of the energy sector. According to the analysis, three indices of energy trilemma can be improved by solar energy and it is a vital role for sustainable energy development in Myanmar.
Influence of operational and economic factors on the optimal design of an electric vehicle battery cooling system
Authors: Gundran Julius Ezra M. , Culaba Alvin B. , Ubando Aristotle T. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Electric vehicles are a leading alternative to traditional vehicles. However, high expenditure on battery replacement due to rapid capacity loss limits their market penetration. Given that the high temperatures reached during operation greatly contribute to capacity loss, battery cooling systems are often necessary to extend battery life. In designing a cooling system, lifetime cost is a crucial consideration as both capital expenditure and battery replacement cost savings are associated with the system. To extend the prior initial study, this study investigates the influence of various factors on the economically optimal design. Similar to the initial study, the investigated case is that of a typical electric jeepney in Manila, Philippines. Existing models for the electrothermal and aging behavior of the battery, thermal behavior of the cooling system, and capital costs of the cooling system components are linked to form a system simulation. The simulation, implemented in Simulink is coupled with a genetic algorithm implementation in MATLAB to generate the optimal cooling system design. As with the initial study, air and phase change material are the cooling media considered. Given their significant expected influence on the optimal design, the following factors are investigated: drive cycle, ambient temperatures, and component capital costs. The results of this study agree with the preliminary study. The optimization results do not favor air cooling in any case investigated; none of the cases justify its high capital and operating costs. Phase change material (PCM) cooling is also unfavored in all cases, save for that using the US06 drive cycle, showing that only extreme temperature rise due to high current draw can justify investment in PCM cooling. Although previous studies have found that lowering battery temperature extends battery life, this study reveals that the capital and operating costs of battery cooling systems are still a hurdle to be overcome.
Comparative customer economics on different financial options in support the adoption of residential rooftop photovoltaic in Thailand
Authors: Junlakarn S , Kokchang P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Thai Government has supported the use of solar photovoltaic systems for green electricity production toward the self-consumption policy since 2016. A photovoltaic support program with an installed capacity target of 100 Megawatt was announced in December 2018 to promote self-consumption and compensate for any excess photovoltaic generation at 1.68 Thai Baht/kilowatt-hour. However, the target was not achieved as a result of high upfront investment costs that are one of the main barriers in household application. To make solar photovoltaic systems more accessible to a larger group of users, financial mechanisms are required. The economic feasibility of financial options (cash, solar power purchasing agreement, solar leasing, solar loan) was analyzed for photovoltaic systems under the current Thai household solar rooftop scheme. The System Advisor Model, an open source techno-economic analysis tool, was employed to simulate photovoltaic production and cash flows to calculate the economic feasibility including the levelized cost of electricity, net present value, internal rate of return and payback period. Results showed that investment in a 3-kilowatt photovoltaic system with debt fraction of 50% and 100% cash was profitable, while investment in a 3-kilowatt photovoltaic system through a solar power purchasing agreement and leasing was not economically viable.
Optimum planning of a renewable energy based hybrid mini-grid system for embracing the sustainability benefits in southern Myanmar
Authors: Ya Aung Ze , Thar Hla Aye , Win Yee Yee , Moe Khin Moe , Myint Kay Khaing , Win Sein May Thu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article reveals the Optimization of the Renewable Energy based Hybrid Mini-grid system to energize a village Kyein Ne Taung with 645 households. The feasibility of the project is analysed in HOMER (Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources) Pro. The site visit is carried out in July, 2019. The architecture of the proposed model comprises 160 kW PV System, 160 kW Wind System, 1320 kWh Battery Storage System, and 123 kW Converter. Regarding the current situation, the proposed Hybrid system can terminate 4500 tons per year and 2600 $ per year for Fuel wood cooking as well as 7000 litres per year and 8000 $ per year for Diesel fuel applications. By comparing with the Diesel Mini-grid to electrify the desired scenario, the proposed planning can save Diesel fuel 132,567 liters per year, Diesel fuel cost 132,567 $ per year, as well as reduce the GHG (Greenhouse Gas) emissions, including Carbon Dioxide 347,009 kg per year, Carbon Monoxide 2,187 kg per year, Unburned Hydrocarbons 95.4 kg per year, Particular Matter 13.3 kg per year, Sulfur Dioxide 850 kg per year, and Nitrogen Oxides 2,055 kg per year. Therefore, simulated results prove the available Sustainability benefits, and the reliable performance of the proposed system. This research can be useful as the reference of the affordable and modern Energy planning for other Coastal villages in Southern Myanmar.
Performance analysis of maximum power point tracking control system for standalone wind power system in Sittwe, Myanmar
Authors: Win Yee Yee , Ya Aung Ze , Thar Hla Aye , Phyu Aye MyatKyi , Myint Kay Khaing , Win Sein May Thu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
One of the most feasible Renewable Energy resources of the World is wind energy. The performance of the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control system for the operation of the Standalone Wind Power generation system is studied in this research. Sittwe, the capital of Rakhine State in Western Coastal Region, is the chosen case study area that enriches the Wind Energy resources in Myanmar with the low electrification rate. The proposed Standalone Wind Power generation system is composed of three-phase, 20kW Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), DC-DC bidirectional converter, switch mode rectifier, voltage source inverter, and three-phase load. It is modelled and simulated in the MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation period is set to 15 seconds. Under Wind speed variation from 3 m/s to 13 m/s, the investigation is performed with the nexus of the speed, torque, power, DC link input, DC link output, and the parameters of the load side. In the simulation results, the power characteristics show the 20 kW standalone wind power system. It is observed that the output load voltage can be controlled by load side converter to required load voltage. In addition, the simulation results reflect the dynamic performance can be improved with the proposed MPPT control system.
An outlook on large-scale solar power production in Peninsular Malaysia for scenario year 2030
Authors: Cheong Kuen Hou , Tai Vin Cent , Tan Yong Chai , Abd Rahman Nor Faiza , Chiong Kai Shing , Saw Lip Huat 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Traditional power generation mix lacks renewable energy (RE) sources to cover fast depletion of fossil fuel. Malaysia is picking up on solar energy with the aim of enhancing the national power generation mix by reducing the dependency on fossil fuel and thus mitigate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, integration of large amount of solar power may pose a challenge to power system planning and operation. This paper therefore, attempts to present an outlook on large-scale solar (LSS) in Peninsular Malaysia for scenario year 2030, with objective to serve a guideline for future power planning by adopting the optimum penetration of LSS. Firstly, total optimal potential areas (OPA) for LSS power production in Peninsular Malaysia are determined based on several important geometry factors. Next, its corresponding technical potentials include energy generation potential (EGP), installation capacity (IC) and annual carbon dioxide emission reduction (CO2 ER) are reported. Three hypothetical studies of solar penetration: 5%, 10% and 15% are demonstrated and subsequently compare with national electricity consumption forecast 2030. Peninsular Malaysia has enormous potential for LSS power production as reflected from total OPA of 10,092 km2. With only 10% of solar penetration (206,691 GWh/yr), it is sufficient to cover national energy demand, forecast to be 134,642 GWh/yr. This positive finding is very encouraging to reveal the significant potential of LSS in national energy mix. It will give a much-needed boost to the country RE sector and a robust growth is envisaged.
Feasibility study of polypropylene-based aluminium-air battery
Authors: Naqiuddin Nor Haziq , Saw Lip Huat , Yew Ming Chian , Chong Wen Tong , Chen Wei-Hsin , Poon Hiew Mun , Yew Ming Kun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The global economy depend on the fossil fuel to meet the daily power demands, ranging from electricity supply to transportation. It is estimated that more than 60% of the world power generation is depending on the fossil fuel. Therefore, the search for clean energy to replace fossil fuel has become the current research trend in the world. Metal-air battery featuring high energy density is projected as one of the promising candidate for the next generation energy storage system. There are various type of metal-air batteries available in the literature such as lithium-air battery, magnesium-air battery, silicon-air battery, aluminium-air battery, zinc-air battery, etc. However, aluminium-air batteries with its low cost and high energy density of 4300 Wh/kg show a great potential for future energy storage applications. In this study, the performance of the aluminium-air battery with polypropylene separator is being investigated. The battery is filled with 1M of Potassium Hydroxide electrolyte. Anode of the battery is made of Aluminium foil and carbon fibre cloth is used as cathode of the battery. The experimental results shown that, the maximum capacity of 23 mAh can be achieved using 6.25 mA of constant current discharge. By connecting the batteries in series, it is sufficient to power on a light-emitting diodes and charging a mobile phone.
Intelligent optimization of process conditions for maximum metal recovery from spent zinc-manganese batteries
Authors: Ruhatiya C , Tibrewala Himanshu , Gao Liang , Sleesongsom Suwin , Chin C M M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
By 2025, 2 million metric tons of batteries must be recycled. Among these batteries, the spent Zinc-Manganese batteries poses a serious threat to environment due to toxic heavy metals. This metals are toxic but at same time vital for various industrial applications. This metals are generally recovered by physical-chemical process which are highly energy intensive and polluting. An eco-friendly recycling process has to be explored to tackle such issue. The bioleaching is one such eco-friendly recycling method. The objective of this work is to optimize the process parameters of bioleaching method, so as to make this process commercially viable. The optimization of this process is done through statistical based automated neural network intelligent optimization approach. The formulated models were inline with the complex behaviour of bioleaching process. The training and validation performance of the models were near to 1. The parametric, global sensitivity and interaction analysis was undertaken for understanding the relationship between different parameters and its affect on the metal yield. The optimum values of process parameters were determined for maximizing the metal yield.
Hydrodynamic sloshing of microalgae in membrane type photobioreactor
Authors: Khor Wei-Han , Kang Hooi-Siang , Quen Lee Kee , Jiang Xiaoxia , Ng Cheng-Yee , Tan Lit-Ken , Tang Collin Howe-Hing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The tropical climate, wide diversity of microalgae species, long coastline, abundant sources of agriculture effluent, and active phycology research are key factors that drives Malaysia to be highly competitive in the global microalgae market. Microalgae are vital in a variety of applications such as: biofuel, health foods, agricultural feeds and chemical extractions. However, mass cultivation of microalgae is still not cost effective in Malaysia due to huge energy consumption Therefore, cultivation of microalgae that utilizes wide ocean space and wave energy for mixing has gained interest since it has considerably lower production cost. Nonetheless, the effects of ocean wave-induced sloshing in terms of its efficiency of mixing have not been fully researched. Thus, this study has been conducted to investigate the effects of sloshing hydrodynamics in microalgae cultivation by studying the interactions of sloshing hydrodynamics and mixing efficiency inside a floating photobioreactor. A membrane type photobioreactor has been used to slosh microalgae culture on its free surface. The result of mixing efficiency for suspended solid particles in liquid is the main concern. Experiments in unidirectional excitation proven that mixing rate of solid-liquid medium is dependent on the excitation amplitude, excitation frequency and filling ratio, where mixing rate is highest at 30% filling ratio with increasing excitation amplitude and excitation frequency. With deeper comprehension on the interaction effects of sloshing hydrodynamics and mixing efficiency, upscaling of novel microalgae cultivation method in industrial size can be expected.
Energy-cost-aware flow-shop scheduling systems with state-dependent energy consumptions
Authors: Aghelinejad Mohammad Mohsen , Ouazene Yassine , Yalaoui Alice 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The necessity of managing a production system with less cost and pollution in such a competitive world has enticed the attention of many researchers. This paper deals with a multi-state two-machine flow-shop scheduling problem under Time-Of-Use electricity tariffs. The main issue is to assign a set of jobs to available time slots with different energy costs to minimize the total energy consumption costs. For this purpose, a new linear programming (LP) model is proposed, and several numerical results are solved using CPLEX Studio 12.9.0 solver to evaluate the effciency of the proposed model for the problem. The obtained results demonstrate that CPLEX solver is not able to find the optimal solution for the problems as large as 20 jobs and 90 periods during the 3600 seconds time limitation.
A product arrangement optimization method to reduce packaging environmental impacts
Authors: Truong C.T.T. , Amodeo L. , Yalaoui F. , Hautefaye J.C. , Birebent S. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Three-dimensional Open Dimension Rectangular Packing Problem (3D-ODRPP) is one of the most important optimization problems arise in reducing waste and shipping cost of packing and shipping industries. The 3D-ODRPP aims at seeking the length, width and height of a rectangular box of minimal volume that can pack a given rectangular products. Most 3D-ODRPP models in the literature use too many extra binary variables and don’t consider the equilibrium of product placement. This study presents an improved mathematical model for the 3D-ODRPP. The proposed model uses fewer decision variables and constraints to define product orientation. It also adopts the full base support (FBS) constraint as a product supporting condition to guarantee packaging stability and avoid infeasible arrangements. Literature instance tests show the improvement in packaging stability of the proposed method compared with existing methods. Industrial benchmark demonstrates that, by solving the 3D-ODRPP, the proposed method can reduce package volume and create economic and ecologic gains.
A systemic approach to integrated sustainable solid waste management through community engagement: A case study of Tan Deaw sub-district, Saraburi province
Authors: Sridan Pornpod , Surapolchai Pichaya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The recent residue solid waste management has become a significant global concern. Due to the increase of population, the economic growth and the urban expansion, the number of solid waste has heavily risen. However, there are still lack of an appropriated solid waste management. According to Tan Deaw soild waste survey report in 2019 (Regional Environmental Office 7 Saraburi, 2018), it revealed that Tan Deaw sub-district has been facing critical solid waste management issues. This area produced 9.41 metric tons per day, while the appropriated solid waste disposal management was less than 40 percent and residue waste remains around 2,000 MTs. Therefore, the objectives of this research are to develop learning community and public awareness towards the appropriated solid waste disposal management, including 3Rs principle, to develop the systemic solid waste management strategies with the engagement from all stakeholders, and to promote and support collaborative activities among local people in the community and the concerned stakeholders in the solid waste management. A systemic approach, through participatory action research between Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) (Checkland & Scholes, 1990; Checkland & Poulter, 2006) and Critical Systems Heuristic (CSH) (Ulrich, 1983), is a significant application for structuring the process of collecting perspective from all stakeholders, exploring the key problems of solid waste management, and finding out strategies to address the key problems in Tan-Deaw solid waste management afterwards. Root definitions and models were generated by stakeholders for two activity systems identified by them for attention: Activities promoting knowledge about solid waste sorting and a community waste bank. The findings explored the seven strategies to address Tan-Deaw solid waste management problems in two aspects. This research contributes to both theoretical and practical contributions. In terms of the theoretical contribution, the application of systemic approach conducts a significant knowledge surrounding solid waste management problem solving. Regarding the practical implication, the strategies will address the solid waste problems and barriers in the area with the cooperation of all concerned stakeholders.
The impact of El Niño-southern oscillation to the wind and solar data in Malaysia
Authors: Albani A. , Ibrahim M.Z. , Ghani S. , Zulkifli M.R. , Ganesan N.N.A.G. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Malaysia has initiated initiatives to use renewable energy as a resource of electricity generation since 2011 through the establishment of laws and policies related to renewable energy. The geographical location of Malaysia has led to limited of intermittent renewable energy resources and requires a more detailed study of the various factors impacting electricity generation. This paper aims to understand the impact of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events on the reanalysis wind and solar data. The Wavelet Transform will be used to study the relationship between the reanalysis wind and solar dataset with the Multivariate ENSO index in the Malaysia region. During Very Strong and Strong El Nino, the site experienced an increment of both wind velocity and solar irradiance and reduced during La-Nina. This ENSO impact study is essential as a reference for future wind and solar energy development planning, energy predicting, and risk valuation in Malaysia.