bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ownership identity and firm performance: Pre‐ and post‐crisis evidence from an African emerging market
Authors: Jabbouri Imad , Jabbouri Rachid 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper attempts to document the value relevance of the largest shareholders' identity across the recent financial crisis of 2008 in Morocco, one of the most important emerging markets in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). To examine the impact of ownership identity on firm performance, this study employs panel data analysis. It uses data of non‐financial firms listed on Casablanca Stock Exchange (CSE) between 2004 and 2017. To uncover the hidden facets of the aforementioned relationship and examine how it is shaped by the financial crisis, a pre‐ and post‐crisis analysis is performed. The findings reveal that institutional ownership affects positively firm performance in both, pre‐ and post‐crisis periods. Compared to the pre‐crisis period, investors further recognize and reward the value‐enhancing role of institutional ownership during post‐crisis period. Our analysis suggests that the incentives to expropriate minority shareholders within family‐controlled firms increase during financial market turmoil. Family‐owners switched from protecting to misusing the firm's resources for the sake of preserving their private interests. This research raises awareness for managers of family‐controlled firms to review their corporate governance practices and align them with shareholders' value maximization. Our study suggests that Moroccan authorities must strengthen country‐level governance mechanisms. The failure to accomplish this objective could have severe implications ranging from the inefficient allocation of resources in the economy to the destruction of shareholders' value.
Securitization and CDS in U.S. bank lending
Authors: Di Tommaso Caterina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUsing a sample of quarterly observations of U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs), we investigate the effect of securitization and CDS on credit supply. Furthermore, we test the hypothesis that securitization and CDS have a different effect on the U.S. bank's lending. The use of CDS and securitization boosts lending cyclicality, reduces the credit supply and amplifies the cyclicality of bank credit supply, particularly in period of financial stress. Furthermore, the worst effect on U.S. bank lending is caused by the use of CDS. We find empirical evidence of effects of CDS and securitization on the bank lending channel following changes in monetary policy.
Infection risk in autoimmune hematological disorders with low‐dose rituximab treatment
Authors: Wang Honglei , Yan Siyang , Liu Hui , Li Lijuan , Song Jia , Wang Guojin , Wang Huaquan , Wu Yuhong , Shao Zonghong , Fu Rong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundRituximab has been widely used in many autoimmune diseases.AimTo evaluate the infection risk of rituximab in autoimmune hematological disorders.MethodsRetrospectively studied and compared the clinical data of 89 patients in our hospital who used low‐dose rituximab (group R) or pulse cyclophosphamide (group C) for their refractory/relapsed autoimmune hematological diseases from January 2011 to January 2017. The kinds of their diseases included autoimmune hemolytic disease (AIHA), Evans syndrome, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). All patients chose either rituximab treatment or cyclophosphamide treatment on their own considerations.FindingsThe median follow‐up time was six months in group R and four months in group C. After treatments, the patients in group R showed higher white blood cell (WBC) count and neutrophil count than group C (P = .020, P = .037). CD20‐positive B cells in group R remained at a very low level after rituximab treatment and need about 15 months to return to normal level, which was longer than group C (six months). The incidence of infection in these two groups has no significant difference, which was 34.7% (17/30) in group R and 32.5% (13/28) in group C (P = .976). Tuberculosis infections after rituximab treatment were found in three patients for the first time.ConclusionThe G‐CSF, nadir WBC count, and IgA level were protective factors of infection during rituximab treatment. Low‐dose rituximab therapy in autoimmune hematological diseases does not increase infection risk compared with cyclophosphamide.
Immature neutrophil signature associated with the sexual dimorphism of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Prada-Medina Cesar Augusto , Peron Jean Pierre Schatzmann , Nakaya Helder I 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a group of inflammatory conditions of unknown etiology whose incidence is sex dependent. Although several studies have attempted to identify JIA-related gene signatures, none have systematically assessed the impact of sex on the whole blood transcriptomes of JIA patients. By analyzing over 400 unique pediatric gene expression profiles, we characterized the sexual differences in leukocyte composition of systemic JIA patients and identified sex-specific gene signatures that were related to immature neutrophils. Female systemic JIA patients presented higher activation of immature neutrophil-related genes compared to males, and these genes were associated with the response to IL-1 receptor blockade treatment. Also, we found that this immature neutrophil signature is sexually dimorphic across human lifespan and in adults with rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. These results suggest that neutrophil maturation is sexually dimorphic in rheumatic inflammation, and that this may impact disease progression and treatment.
Obtaining molecular imagings of pesticide residues on strawberry surfaces with probe sampling followed by ambient ionization mass spectrometric analysis
Authors: Jeng Jing‐Yueh , Jiang Zong‐Han , Cho Yi‐Tzu , Su Hung , Lee Chi‐Wei , Shiea Jentaie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThermal desorption‐electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (TD‐ESI/MS/MS) was used to rapidly characterize the residual pesticides collected on the surface of a strawberry with a metallic probe. Twelve pesticides, including nine fungicides and three miticides, were detected; the results were validated by comparison with results that used solvent extraction followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry analyses. The distribution of pesticide residues on a strawberry's surface was explored by collecting multiple samples using probes from 40 positions on the strawberry, with the collected samples being analyzed with TD‐ESI/MS/MS. The obtained molecular information was used to construct mass spectrometry imaging of the strawberry's pesticide residues.
Survival outcomes after isolated local recurrence of rectal cancer and risk analysis affecting its resectability
Authors: Park Youn Young , Lee Jaeim , Han Yoon Dae , Cho Min Soo , Hur Hyuk , Min Byung Soh , Lee Kang Young , Oh Seong Taek , Kim Nam Kyu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the clinical course and prognostic factors after isolated local recurrence (iLR) and to identify the predictive factors for R0 resection of locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 76 patients with iLR who had undergone radical surgery for a primary tumor from 2003 to 2015.ResultsThe iLR rate was 2.5%. From 76 patients, 39 patients underwent R0 resection for iLR. Multivariate analysis revealed that initial open surgery, neoadjuvant chemoradiation, and p/ypT ≥ 3 were poor prognostic factors after iLR as regard to the variables related to the primary tumor; and symptom presence at the time of iLR diagnosis, higher fixity, and no chemotherapy after iLR were associated with shorter overall survival after iLR, and R0 resection of LRRC was the only favorable prognostic factor for progression‐free survival after iLR as regard to the variables related to LRRC. Higher tumor level, negative pathologic circumferential margin of the primary tumor, and low fixity of LRRC were favorable factors in achieving R0 resection of LRRC.ConclusionsEarly detection of iLR before symptom development, use of chemotherapy after iLR and R0 resection of LRRC should be considered to improve survival outcomes after iLR.
Impact of body mass index on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing radical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Tian , Liu Li , Dai Hai‐Su , Zhang Cheng‐Cheng , He Yu , Zhang Lei‐Da , Li Da‐Jiang , Bie Ping , Ding Jun , Chen Zhi‐Yu ,   other members of the Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma Study Group
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundBody mass index (BMI) has been widely used as a prognostic indicator. The association between preoperative BMI and postoperative morbidity in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) has not been proved. This study aimed to identify the association between preoperative BMI and postoperative morbidity following radical resection of HCCA.MethodsPatients were divided into three groups according to preoperative BMI: low BMI (≤18.4 kg/m2), normal BMI (18.4‐24.9 kg/m2), and high BMI (≥24.9 kg/m2). Baseline characteristics, operative variables, postoperative 30‐day mortality, and morbidity were compared. Risk factors associated with postoperative morbidity were assessed using univariable and multivariable logistic analyses.ResultsAmong 260 patients, 183 (70.4%) had normal BMI, 32 (12.3%) had low BMI, and 45 (17.3%) had high BMI. Compared to the patients with normal‐BMI, both low and high BMI patients exhibited a significantly higher postoperative morbidity (87.5% and 82.2% vs 63.9%, P = .019 and P = .025, respectively). Additionally, the multivariable analysis revealed that both low and high BMI patients remained independently associated with an increased risk of postoperative morbidity. (OR: 3.707, 95% CI: 1.080‐12.725, P = .037; and OR: 2.858, 95% CI: 1.167‐7.002, P = .022, respectively).ConclusionBMI is an independent risk factor for higher postoperative morbidity in patients who undergo surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Hot‐Lithography SLA‐3D Printing of Epoxy Resin
Authors: Dall'Argine Corrado , Hochwallner Alexander , Klikovits Nicolas , Liska Robert , Stampf Jürgen , Sangermano Marco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe hot‐lithography stereolithography 3D printing technology is used to print epoxy resins with high reactivity in order to achieve 3D printed structures. Different hydroxyl containing compounds are investigated as chain transfer agents and the viscoelastic properties of UV‐cured materials are fully characterized. The most promising formulations are studied at a high temperature, the 3D printing process parameters are defined and the printed object is fully characterized. By combining the suitable precursor materials in the photocurable formulation with the advanced hot‐lithography process, it is possible to produce 3D printed structures that are characterized by outstanding thermomechanical properties and good printability precision.
Older is better: Consumers prefer older drugs
Authors: Jie Yun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDespite increasing research attention to healthcare marketing in academia and the concerted effort of the pharmaceutical industry to market its latest products, limited research has explored the effect of launch time on individuals' drug choices. Building upon findings in medical literature that many newly launched drugs are indeed no better than existing ones, this study found that the majority of consumers consistently prefer older drugs when both options are claimed equally safe and/or effective. The reason is that consumers disregard declarative information and, instead, make their own inferences. Although there is a small segment that chooses the newer option for what they infer to be its higher efficacy, most consumers believe that an older drug is both safer and more efficacious. Further, promotion‐focused consumers are more likely to choose newer drugs. The underlying mechanism for how promotion focus affects choice is identified. A sample of practicing doctors cross‐validated our findings, which have implications for practitioners in the pharmaceutical industry.
Urban tourism and population change: Gentrification in the age of mobilities
Authors: López‐Gay Antonio , Cocola‐Gant Agustin , Russo Antonio Paolo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe prepandemic unbridled growth of tourism has triggered a significant debate regarding the future of cities; several authors suggest that neighbourhood change produced by tourism should be conceived as a form of gentrification. Yet research on population shifts—a fundamental dimension of gentrification—in such neighbourhoods is scarce. Our exploration of theGòticarea in Barcelona, using quantitative and qualitative techniques, reveals a process of population restructuring characterised by a decrease of long‐term residents and inhabited dwellings, and the arrival of young and transnational gentrifiers that are increasingly mobile and form a transient population. We then use some insights from the mobilities literature to make sense of these results. In the gentrification of the Gòtic, the attractiveness of the area for visitors and for a wider palette of transnational dwellers feeds one another, resulting in an uneven negotiation whereby more wealthy and ‘footloose’ individuals gain access and control of space and housing over less mobile and more dependent populations.
A Single Chiral Nanoparticle Induced Valley Polarization Enhancement
Authors: Kim Sejeong , Lim Yae‐Chan , Kim Ryeong Myeong , Fröch Johannes E. , Tran Thinh N. , Nam Ki Tae , Aharonovich Igor 
Published: August 2020

AbstractValley polarization is among the most critical attributes of atomically thin materials. However, increasing contrast from monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) has so far been challenging. In this work, a large degree of circular polarization up to 45% from a monolayer WS2 is achieved at room temperature by using a single chiral plasmonic nanoparticle. The increased contrast is attributed to the selective enhancement of both the excitation and the emission rate having one particular handedness of the circular polarization, together with accelerated radiative recombination of valley excitons due to the Purcell effect. The experimental results are corroborated by the optical simulation using the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method. Additionally, the single chiral nanoparticle enables the observation of valley‐polarized luminescence with a linear excitation. The results provide a promising pathway to enhance valley contrast from monolayer TMDs and utilize them for nanophotonic devices.
Cover Image, Volume 12, Issue 5
Authors: Keil Tobias W. M. , Baldassi Domizia , Merkel Olivia M. 
Published: August 2020

The cover image is based on the Focus Article TH2‐cell targeted pulmonary siRNA delivery for the treatment of asthma by Tobias W. M. Keil, Domizia Baldassi and Olivia M. Merkel. https://doi.org/10.1002/wnan.1634.
image
In recreational alpine skiing, the ACL is predominantly injured in all knee injuries needing hospitalisation
Authors: Posch Markus , Schranz Alois , Lener Manfred , Tecklenburg Katja , Burtscher Martin , Ruedl Gerhard 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The knee joint still represents the most frequent anatomical injury location accounting for about one-third of all injuries in recreational alpine skiers. However, comprehensive information on current knee injury patterns in this populations is sparse.

Methods
During the winter seasons 2016/17 and 2019/20, this retrospective questionnaire-based study was conducted in an Austrian sportclinic situated in a large ski area. Among a cohort of 282 recreational skiers (51.8% females), all injuries were diagnosed by the use of magnetic resonance imaging. Additionally, data were recorded on anthropometric characteristics, the perceived speed at the moment of injury, type of fall, physical fitness, self-reported skill level and risk-taking behaviour.

Results
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) was injured in all knee injuries recorded. Of the total study sample, 64.5% (n = 182) were ACL injuries with concomitant injuries and about 35.5% (n = 100) were isolated ACL injuries, not involving any other structures of the knee joint. In general, most common concomitant injury diagnoses among ACL-injured recreational alpine skiers were injuries of the medial collateral ligament (MCL) (n = 92, 50.5%), medial meniscus (MM) (n = 73, 40.1%) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) (n = 41, 22.5%). No significant differences regarding additionally recorded characteristics were found between ACL-injured individuals with concomitant injuries and those with isolated ACL injury.

Conclusions
Whereas, before the introduction of carving skis, the MCL was reported being the most common injured part of the knee, currently, the majority of knee injuries are ACL injuries accompanied by injury of other knee joint structures, i.e. the MCL, MM and LCL.

Level of evidence
Level III.
Development of a LC-MS/MS method using stable isotope dilution for the quantification of individual B6 vitamers in fruits, vegetables, and cereals
Authors: Bachmann Thomas , Maurer Andrea , Rychlik Michael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVitamin B6comprises an important set of molecules tightly interwoven with the human amino acid, fatty acid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Analytical methods striving for the quantification of individual B6vitamers so far mostly rely on methods based on HPLC in combination with fluorescence detection, but their application encounters multiple difficulties due to the chemical divergence of the single vitamers. The present study describes the development of a method based on LC-MS/MS and stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA) for the simultaneous quantification of five vitamers (PN, PL, PM, PMP, and PNG) of the B6group in food samples. [13C3]-PN, [13C3]-PL, and [13C6]-PNG were applied as internal standards for the analysis of PN, PL, and PNG. PM and PMP were quantified via matrix-matched calibration referring to [13C3]-PN. The developed method was validated using starch matrix. The limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.0028 to 0.02 mg/kg and from 0.0085 to 0.059 mg/kg, respectively, for all analytes. Calculated recoveries varied from 92 to 111%. Intra-injection precisions ranged from 0 to 9%, inter-day precisions from 4 to 10%, and intra-day precisions from 4 to 10%. A total of 14 plant-based food samplesincludingfruits, vegetables, and cereals were examined for their content of vitamin B6using the validated method. Furthermore, the first quantitation of PNG without enzymatic steps or divergent internal standards was undertaken utilizing LC-MS/MS and SIDA.
Head-down tilt bed rest with or without artificial gravity is not associated with motor unit remodeling
Authors: Attias Julia , Grassi Andrea , Bosutti Alessandra , Ganse Bergita , Degens Hans , Drey Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study was to assess whether artificial gravity attenuates any long-duration head-down 60 bed rest (HDBR)-induced alterations in motor unit (MU) properties.

Methods
Twenty-four healthy participants (16 men; 8 women; 26–54 years) underwent 60-day HDBR with (n = 16) or without (n = 8) 30 min artificial gravity daily induced by whole-body centrifugation. Compound muscle action potential (CMAP), MU number (MUNIX) and MU size (MUSIX) were estimated using the method of Motor Unit Number Index in the Abductor digiti minimi and tibialis anterior muscles 5 days before (BDC-5), and during day 4 (HDT4) and 59 (HDT59) of HDBR.

Results
The CMAP, MUNIX, and MUSIX at baseline did not change significantly in either muscle, irrespective of the intervention (p > 0.05). Across groups, there were no significant differences in any variable during HDBR, compared to BDC-5.

Conclusion
Sixty days of HDBR with or without artificial gravity does not induce alterations in motor unit number and size in the ADM or TA muscles in healthy individuals.
Diffusion–reaction compartmental models formulated in a continuum mechanics framework: application to COVID-19, mathematical analysis, and numerical study
Authors: Viguerie Alex , Veneziani Alessandro , Lorenzo Guillermo , Baroli Davide , Aretz-Nellesen Nicole , Patton Alessia , Yankeelov Thomas E. , Reali Alessandro , Hughes Thomas J. R. , Auricchio Ferdinando 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 has led to a surge in interest in the research of the mathematical modeling of epidemics. Many of the introduced models are so-calledcompartmental models, in which the total quantities characterizing a certain system may be decomposed into two (or more) species that are distributed into two (or more) homogeneous units called compartments. We propose herein a formulation of compartmental models based on partial differential equations (PDEs) based on concepts familiar to continuum mechanics, interpreting such models in terms of fundamental equations of balance and compatibility, joined by a constitutive relation. We believe that such an interpretation may be useful to aid understanding and interdisciplinary collaboration. We then proceed to focus on a compartmental PDE model of COVID-19 within the newly-introduced framework, beginning with a detailed derivation and explanation. We then analyze the model mathematically, presenting several results concerning its stability and sensitivity to different parameters. We conclude with a series of numerical simulations to support our findings.
Economic landslide susceptibility under a socio-economic perspective: an application to Umbria Region (Central Italy)
Authors: Donnini Marco , Modica Marco , Salvati Paola , Marchesini Ivan , Rossi Mauro , Guzzetti Fausto , Zoboli Roberto 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn accurate understanding of physical and socio-economic effects of landslides is fundamental to develop more refined risk management, mitigation strategies and land use policies. In this paper we develop a measure to consider the interconnection between physical and economic exposure, i.e. what we call the economic landslide susceptibility, namely the probability of landslide occurrence in an area weighted for its socio-economic exposure considering the real-estate market values. The economic landslide susceptibility is estimated through a method designed for large areas that we applied to the Umbria Region (Central Italy). The method makes use of landslide susceptibility maps and a real estate market value map for any given area under analysis. The innovative concept of economic landslide susceptibility (that is de facto an ex ante landslide cost assessment) may be interpreted as the potential loss that an area might suffer in terms of its propensity for landslides. Useful applications of the proposed method lie in a better territorial management and in the land use planning.
Non-metric Propositional Similarity
Authors: Paseau A. C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe idea that sentences can be closer or further apart in meaning is highly intuitive. Not only that, it is also a pillar of logic, semantic theory and the philosophy of science, and follows from other commitments about similarity. The present paper proposes a novel way of comparing the ‘distance’ between two pairs of propositions. We define ‘$$p_1$$

p
1

is closer in meaning to $$p_2$$

p
2

than $$p_3$$

p
3

is to $$p_4$$

p
4

’ and thereby give a precise account of comparative propositional similarity facts. Notably, our definition eschews metric assumptions, which are unrealistic in most applications of interest.