bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Evaluation of a Physical Activity Intervention Informed by Participatory Research- A Feasibility Study
Authors: Ramji Rathi , Carlson Elisabeth , Kottorp Anders , Shleev Sergey , Awad Eman , Rämgård Margareta 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite numerous interventions aiming to improve physical activity in socially disadvantaged populations, physical inactivity remains to be a rising challenge to public health globally, as well as, in Sweden. In an effort to address this challenge, a community-based participatory intervention was developed through active community engagement and implemented in a socially disadvantaged neighborhood in Sweden. The current study aims to present the development and initial evaluation of a participatory research driven physical activity intervention. Methods : Fifteen participants (11 females and 4 males) aged 17-59 years volunteered to participate in the physical activity intervention program. The intervention program was evaluated using a longitudinal mixed methods design measuring health impact changes over time through focus group discussions and quality of life surveys. Further additional biomedical health parameters such as levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, blood pressure, levels of oxygen saturation and body mass index were monitored before and after the intervention. Focus group data were analyzed using content analysis with an inductive approach. The pre-and post-test scores from the survey-based quality of life domains, as well as the health parameters were compared using non-parametric and parametric statistics. Results : Four themes emerged from the analysis of the focusgroup discussions including sense of fellowship, striving for inclusion and equity, changing the learner perspective and health beyond illness. The scores for the domains Physical Health, Psychological Health, Social Relationships and Health Satisfaction where significantly higher after participation in the physical activity intervention program compared to the pre-test scores ( p <.05)s. There were however, no significant changes in the scores for the environmental domain and overall quality of life after intervention compared to that prior to intervention start. Overall, the biomedical health parameters remained stable within the normal ranges during intervention. Conclusion : The focusgroup discussions and results from the surveys and biomedical measures reveal important findings to understand and further develop the intervention program to promote health equity among citizens in disadvantaged areas. Evaluating the feasibility of such an intervention using multiple approaches contributes to effective implementation of it for larger communities in need.
External validation of simplified out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and cardiac arrest hospital prognosis scores in a Japanese population: A multicentre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Shibahashi Keita , Sugiyama Kazuhiro , Kuwahara Yusuke , Ishida Takuto , Sakurai Atsushi , Kitamura Nobuya , Tagami Takashi , Nakada Taka-aki , Takeda Munekazu , Hamabe Yuichi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a global medical problem. The newly-developed simplified out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (sOHCA) and cardiac arrest hospital prognosis (sCAHP) scores used for prognostication of patients admitted alive have not been validated externally. This study was, thus, conducted to externally validate sOHCA and sCAHP scores in a Japanese population. Methods Adult patients resuscitated and admitted to hospitals after intrinsic OHCA (n=2,428, age ≥18 years) were selected from a prospectively collected Japanese database (January 2012–March 2013). We validated sOHCA and sCAHP scores with reference to the original ones in predicting 1-month unfavourable neurological outcomes based on discrimination and calibration measures. Discrimination and calibration were assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test with calibration plot, respectively. Results One-month unfavourable neurological outcome was observed in 82% of patients. Score availability was significantly higher in the simplified scores than in the original ones and was highest in the sCAHP score (76%). The AUCs of simplified scores were not significantly different from those of original ones, whereas the AUC of the sCAHP score was significantly higher than that of the sOHCA score (0.88 vs. 0.81, P <0.001). Goodness-of-fit was poor in the sOHCA score (ν= 8, χ 2 =19.1, Hosmer-Lemeshow test: P =0.014) but not in the sCAHP score (ν= 8, χ 2 =13.5, Hosmer-Lemeshow test: P =0.10). Conclusion Performance of original and simplified OHCA and CAHP scores in predicting neurological outcomes in successfully resuscitated OHCA patients were acceptable. Based on the highest availability, similar discrimination, and good calibration, the sCAHP score was the better candidate for clinical implementation. The validated predictive score can help patients’ families, healthcare providers, and researchers by accurately stratifying patients.
Predicting the occurrence of venous thromboembolism: construction and verification of Risk Warning Model
Authors: Shen Chen , Ge Binqian , Liu Xiaoqin , Chen Hao , Qin Yi , Shen Hongwu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The onset of venous thromboembolism is insidious and the prognosis is poor. In this study, we aimed to construct a VTE risk early warning model and explore the clinical application value of the VTE risk early warning model. Methods: Preliminary construction of the VTE risk warning model was carried out according to the independent risk warning indicators of VTE screened by Logistic regression analysis in previous studies. The truncated value of screening VTE was obtained and the model was evaluated. ROC curve analysis was used to compare the test performance of Caprini risk assessment scale and VTE risk warning model on VTE. The validation data set was established, and the cut-off value of the VTE risk warning model was used to evaluate the test effectiveness of the model for VTE patients with validation data set. Results: The VTE risk warning model is p = ex / ( 1+ ex ) , x = -4.840 + 2.557 • X10(1) + 1.432 • X14(1) + 2.977 • X15(1) + 3.445 • X18(1) + 1.086 • X25(1) + 0.249 • X34 + 0.282 • X41. ROC curve results show that: AUC (95%CI), cutoff value (95%CI), accuracy, Youden index (95%), sensitivity, specificity and other evaluation indexes, Caprini risk assessment scale is 0.596 (0.552, 0.638), > 5 (> 4, > 5), 61.3%, 0.226 (0.167, 0.290), 26.07%, 96.50%, VTE risk warning model is 0.960 (0.940, 0.976), > 0.438 (> 0.263), respectively. >, 0.504), 92.2%, 0.844 (0.789, 0.879), 92.61%, 91.83%, with statistically significant differences (Z=14.521, P < 0.0001). The accuracy and Youden index of VTE screening using VTE risk warning model were 81.8% and 62.5%, respectively. Conclusions: VTE risk warning model has high accuracy in predicting the occurrence of VTE in hospitalized patients, and its test performance is higher than Caprini risk assessment scale. It also has high test performance for VTE in external population.
MicroRNA-491-5p inhibit gastric cancer development by targeting EMT, cell adhesion genes and IFITM2
Authors: Wei Zhijian , Zhang Lixiang , Li Angqing , Li Chuanhong , Han Wenxiu , Xu A-Man 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the deadliest cancers in China. And, it can be regulated by MicroRNAs (miRNAs) generally. miR-491-5p function as a tumor suppressor in different types of cancer, but we still don’t know the role of miR-491-5p in gastric cancer. In this study, we found that high level of miR-491-5p caused a weak cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities. In order to explore the role of miR-491-5p in vivo, we set a xenograft mouse model, and also found that high level of miR-491-5p suppressed tumor growth. Moreover, we found that miR-491-5p regulate the tumor development thought regulate the expression of EMT, cell adhesion genes and IFITM2. These data show that miR-491-5p function as a tumor suppressor in GC both in vitro and in vivo .
Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of 68Ga-MALAT-1 ASO for PET Imaging of MALAT-1 expressing Tumours
Authors: Liu Zhen-Feng , Yang Jun , Ye Qianni , Yang Min , Pan Dong-hui , Xu Yu-ping , Dong Mengjie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: MALAT-1 (Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript 1) is a large long nuclear noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that is overexpressed in an array of cancers. In this study, we designed a range of positron probes for MALAT-1 to evaluate its distribution, pharmacokinetics, and to explore whether the probe can be used for the imaging of malignant tumors with high MALAT-1 expression in vivo. Methods: 68Ga labelling of MALAT-1 antisense oligonucleotides (68Ga–MALAT-1 ASO) was synthesized by the conjugation of MALAT-1 NOTA-ASO and 68Ga3+. Purity was assessed by radio-HPLC. Pharmacokinetic studies and cell uptake were assessed. The biodistribution and metabolism of 68Ga–MALAT-1 ASO in normal ICR and MHCC-LM3 xenograft-bearing nude mice were studied. Results: 68Ga–MALAT-1 ASO was obtained at a radiochemical yield of 98% from a 10 min synthesis with 100 ± 50 MBq/nmol activity and > 99% purity once synthesized. The Log P was -2.53±0.19. The tracer displayed excellent stability in vitro. 68Ga–MALAT-1 ASO showed satisfactory binding ability to MHCC-LM3 cells; the biodistribution of 68Ga-MALAT-1 ASO in MHCC-LM3 tumour-bearing mice showed high levels of uptake (3.04 ± 0.11%ID/g). Micro-PET scans demonstrated the tumor specific uptake of 68Ga-MALAT-1 ASO in mouse models. Conclusions: We conclude that 68Ga labelling of MALAT-1 ASO is a convenient approach to label tumors overexpressing MALAT-1.
Risk factors of the Secondary Fractures for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Authors: Kang Xiao-kui , Guo Sheng-fu , Liu Hui-xin , Huang Li-li , Jiang Qun-long 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Percutaneous vertebroplasty related postoperative secondary fractures risk factors were not consistent in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression Fractures. The purpose was to identify the risk factors of the secondary fractures for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty.Methods Potential academic articles were identified from Cochrane Library, Medline, PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect and other databases. The time range we retrieved from was that from the inception of electronic databases to August 2019. Gray studies were identified from the references of included literature reports. STATA version 11.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, USA) was used to analyze the pooled data.Results Fourteen studies involving 1910 patients, 395 of whom had secondary fracture following the surgery were included in this meta-analysis. The results of meta-analysis showed the risk factors of the secondary fractures for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty was related to bone mineral density [WMD= -0.518, 95%CI(-0.784,-0.252), P=0.000], cement leakage [RR=0.596, 95%CI (0.444,0.798), P=0.001] and kyphosis after primary operation [WMD=4.510, 95%CI (3.061,6.004),P=0.000], but not to gender, age, body mass index (BMI), cement volume, thoracolumbar spine, and cement injection approaches.Conclusions BMD, cement leakage and kyphosis after primary operation are the risk factors closely correlative to the secondary fracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty. There has not been enough evidence to support the association between the secondary fracture and gender, age, body mass index, cement volume, thoracolumbar spine, and cement injection approach.
Predictive Value of Circulating Plasma Mitochondrial DNA for Sepsis in the Emergency Department: Observational Study Based on the Sepsis-3 Definition.
Authors: Wang Li Feng , Zhou Wei , Wang Kai Wen , He Shuang Jun , Chen Yi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The definition of sepsis is regularly updated; however, there is no standard diagnostic test. To improve diagnosis and prognostic prediction, the aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of circulating plasma mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) with sepsis. Methods: A total of 107 patients hospitalized from June 2018 to January 2019 were divided into the sepsis (n = 72) and septic shock (n = 35) groups based on the sepsis-3 definition. Clinical and laboratory data were measured within 24 h of admission. The mtDNA concentrations in clarified plasma were estimated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Binary logistic regression analysis and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to determine predictive value of mtDNA and other markers for sepsis outcome (28-day mortality). Results: The median plasma mtDNA levels on admission were significantly higher in the septic shock patients than in the sepsis patients (P < 0.0 1), and were also higher in non-survivors than in survivors within 28 days (P < 0.01). Binary logistic regression showed that plasma lactate and mtDNA levels were independent risk factors for 28-day mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.341, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.035–1.736, P = 0.026 and OR 13.299, 95%CI 2.765–63.956, P = 0.001, respectively).The area under the ROC curve values for plasma mtDNA levels, lactate concentration, and their combined were 0.781 (p < 0.001, 95%CI 0.671–0.891), 0.733 (p < 0.001, 95%CI 0.635–0.832), and 0.799 (p < 0.001, 95%CI 0.698–0.901), respectively. The calibration test for the combined variable showed X 2 of 2.559 and P = 0.923. Conclusion: A higher plasma mtDNA level was associated with a poor prognosis of sepsis in the emergency room, and was a superior predictor to lactate for predicting 28-day mortality.
Behavioural plasticity of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles arabiensis undermines LLIN community protective effect in a Sudanese-savannah village in Burkina Faso
Authors: Perugini Eleonora , Guelbeogo Wamdaogo Moussa , Calzetta Maria , Manzi Sara , Caputo Beniamino , Pichler Verena , Ranson Hilary , Sagnon N'Fale , Torre Alessandra della , Pombi Marco 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the overall major impact of Long Lasting Insecticide treated Nets (LLINs) in eliciting individual and collective protection to malaria infections, some sub-Saharan Countries, including Burkina Faso, still carry a disproportionately high share of the global malaria burden. This study aims to analyse the possible entomological bases of LLIN limited impact, focusing on a LLIN-protected village in the Plateau Central region of Burkina Faso. Methods: Human Landing Catches (HLCs) were carried out in 2015 both indoors and outdoors at different time-windows during the highest biting activity phase for Anopheles gambiae s.l. Collected specimens were morphologically and molecularly identified and processed for Plasmodium detection and L1014F insecticide-resistance allele genotyping. Results: Almost 2.000 unfed An. gambiae s.l. (54% Anopheles coluzzii , 44% Anopheles arabiensis ) females landing on human volunteers were collected, corresponding to a median number of 23.5 females/person/hour. No significant differences are observed in median numbers of mosquitoes collected indoor and outdoor, nor between sporozoite rates in An. coluzzii (6.1%) and An. arabiensis (5.5%). The estimated median hourly Entomological Inoculation Rate (EIR) on volunteers is 1.4 infective bites/person/hour. Results do not show evidence of the biting peak during night hours typical for An. gambiae s.l. in the absence of bednet protection. The frequency of L1014F resistant allele (N=285) was 66% in An. coluzzii and 38% in An. arabiensis . Conclusions: The observed biting rate and sporozoite rates are in line with the literature data available for An. gambiae s.l . in the same geographical area before LLIN implementation and highlight high levels of malaria transmission in the study village. Homogeneous biting rate throughout the night and lack of preference for indoor-biting activity suggest the capacity of both An. coluzzii and An. arabiensis to adjust their host-seeking behaviour to bite humans despite bednet protection, accounting for the maintenance of high rates of mosquito infectivity and malaria transmission. These results – despite being limited to a local situation in Burkina Faso – represent a paradigmatic example of how high densities and behavioural plasticity in the vector population may contribute to explain the limited impact of LLINs on malaria transmission in holo-endemic Sudanese savannah areas in West Africa.
Challenges and opportunities to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in a low income, high HIV prevalence context
Authors: Adedimeji Adebola Alade , Ajeh Rogers , Pierz Amanda , Nkeng Relindis , Nde Jackson Jr. , Fuhngwa Norbert , Nsame Denis , Nji Miriam , Dzudie Anastase , Anastos Kathryn M. , Castle Philip E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCervical cancer is a leading cause of death among Cameroon women. The burden of cervical cancer is in part traceable to the inadequate understanding of contextual determinants of access to expanding screening and prevention opportunities. We explored multilevel individual, community and structural factors that facilitate or inhibit cervical cancer prevention in women at risk in a high HIV prevalence context. MethodsWe utilized an exploratory qualitative approach to obtain data through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. A two-stage sampling strategy was used to select 80 women and 20 men who participated in 8 focus group discussions and 8 in-depth interviews. The socio-ecological model guided the analysis of data to identify micro, meso and macro level determinants of cervical cancer screening. ResultsMicro-level factors-low level of awareness and knowledge about cervical cancer, lack of access to information about screening, low risk perceptions, poor health seeking behaviors and excessive cost of cervical cancer screening were major barriers for women seeking cervical cancer screening. Meso-level factors, such as social networks, socio-cultural norms, perceptions of the role of men and HIV-related stigma when screening is integrated into HIV care, also engender negative attitudes and behaviors. Poorly equipped health facilities and a lack of national cancer prevention policies and programs were among macro-level barriers limiting access to cervical cancer screening. ConclusionThe success of efforts to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in Cameroon rests on eliminating the myriad individual, familial, community and structural factors that limit access to screening among women in the study communities.
CHRONIC NASAL HYPER-REACTIVITY (CURRENT CLASSIFICATIONS, CLINICAL PATTERN, DIAGNOSIS)
Authors: MERKULOVA E. P. , KOLESNIKOVA S. N. 
Published: January 2020

Nasal hyper-reactivity (NG) is a clinical phenomenon manifested by increased individual sensitivity of the nasal mucosa to factors that do not cause symptoms in healthy people. The concept of nasal hyperreactivity is accepted in the world literature and implies increased reactivity of the nasal mucosa caused by various physical, chemical or pharmacological stimuli [1, 2]. Nasal hyper-reactivity is found in 86% of children with bronchial asthma.
NEUROLOGIC MANIFESTATIONS IN COELIAC DISEASE PATIENTS
Authors: DMITRIEVA Y. A. , ZAKHAROVA I. N. 
Published: January 2020

Currently coeliac disease is considered as a systemic immune-mediated disease occurring in genetically predisposed persons in regular gluten consumption. Extraintestinal manifestations of the disease, including various neurologic disturbances have the significant specific weight in a complex of gluten-dependent coeliac disease symptoms. The article provides a review of the literature data on frequency and clinical peculiarities of various neurological manifestations of the coeliac disease, and possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the central and peripheral nervous system lesion are considered
Prevalence of Carotid Artery Calcification Detected on Panoramic Radiographs of Patients with a History of Hypertension or Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Saberi Zahra , Jalalian Faranak , Khajooi Amir R. S. , Dehdari Emad 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Atherosclerosis is characterized by the deposition of lipids on the internal walls of blood vessels, damaging various tissues of the body by complete or partial occlusion of the vessels. Sometimes the calcified plaques in the carotid artery can be detected on panoramic radiographs, helping the practitioners decrease the risk of Cerebrovascular Accident (CAV).

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the frequency of Carotid Artery Calcification (CAC) detected in panoramic radiographs of patients with hypertension or myocardial infarction.

Methods:
A total of 400 panoramic radiographs of patients >40 years of age were evaluated. The images belonged to patients with a history of hypertension or myocardial infarction and healthy individuals referred from the AL Zahra Cardiology Department to Isfahan School of Dentistry and a private oral and maxillofacial imaging center. All the images were evaluated for the presence of CAC. Data were analyzed with SPSS 19, using the Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and ANOVA (α=0.05).

Results:
The prevalence rate of CAC was 4%. According to the results, there was a significant relationship between CAC and hypertension (P=0.003), with no significant relationship between the prevalence of these lesions, stage of hypertension and myocardial infarction.

Conclusion:
According to the results, the prevalence of CAC on panoramic radiographs was significant; therefore, it seems that the detection of CAC on panoramic radiographs of patients must be considered by dentists.
Emergency Management in Eating Disorders
Authors: Needham Heather , Ferguson Elizabeth , Takemoto Darcie , Idicula Sindhu 
Published: January 2020

Aims and Scope::
Eating disorders commonly present during the adolescent and
young adult years, and are complex in that they are a group of psychiatric diagnoses with
medical complications.

Methods::
The diagnosis of an eating disorder can often go undetected while a patient is being
evaluated for organic causes of weight loss. Anorexia nervosa, in particular, has the
highest mortality rate of any psychiatric diagnosis. In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Disorders 5th Edition (DSM-5), there are several diagnoses that are classified as
eating or feeding disorders.

Conclusion::
This article will discuss anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, with a focus on
medical and psychiatric emergencies that are important for primary care providers to keep in
mind when caring for adolescents and young adults.
Real-world outcomes of long-term prednisone and deflazacort use in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: experience at a single, large care center
Authors: Marden Jessica R , Freimark Jonathan , Yao Zhiwen , Signorovitch James , Tian Cuixia , Wong Brenda L 
Published: January 2020

Aim:To assess outcomes among patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy receiving deflazacort or prednisone in real-world practice.Methods:Clinical data for 435 boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center were studied retrospectively using time-to-event and regression analyses.Results:Median ages at loss of ambulation were 15.6 and 13.5 years among deflazacort- and prednisone-initiated patients, respectively. Deflazacort was also associated with a lower risk of scoliosis and better ambulatory function, greater % lean body mass, shorter stature and lower weight, after adjusting for age and steroid duration. No differences were observed in whole body bone mineral density or left ventricular ejection fraction.Conclusion:This single center study adds to the real-world evidence associating deflazacort with improved clinical outcomes.