bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum pentraxin 3 as a biomarker for prognosis of acute minor stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhang Yan , Hu Haijie , Liu Chong , Wu Juan , Zhou Shanshan , Zhao Tingting 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesPentraxin 3 (PTX3) may reflect local inflammatory status in tissues and thus serve as a potential biomarker of inflammation. Here, we investigated the utility of serum PTX3 as an index for assessing the 90‐day prognosis of acute minor stroke patients.Materials & MethodsAcute minor stroke patients (N = 241) and matched healthy control subjects (N = 241) were prospectively recruited. Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were assessed. Blood samples were collected within 48h after acute minor stroke onset and serum PTX3 levels were determined.ResultsSignificant increases in stroke patients versus controls were obtained for serum PTX3 (3.14 ± 1.23 vs. 2.44 ± 0.74 ng/ml; p < .001) and C‐reactive protein (CRP – 1.53 ± 0.38 vs. 1.35 ± 0.35 μg/ml; p < .05). Among the four stroke subtypes, as defined by modified Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment classification, there were no statistically significant differences in serum PTX3 levels (p > .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that serum PTX3 and LDL cholesterol could predict unfavorable outcomes at day 90 in Large Artery Atherosclerosis (LAA) patients.ConclusionsSerum Pentraxin 3 may serve as an independent predictor for an unfavorable outcome in the LAA subtype of acute minor stroke and may possess a superior prognostic value as compared to CRP in this LAA subgroup.
Novel Surgical Approach for Root Coverage Using Coronally Advanced Flap in Conjunction With Transposition of Periosteal Pedicle Graft
Authors: Swathi Seepana , Murthy K. Raja V. , Kishore D. Trinath , Kumar Y. Sandhya Pavan , Kumar G. Naveen Vital 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionGingival recession is a complex phenomenon with multifactorial etiology. It is defined as the apical migration of the soft tissue margin beyond the cemento‐enamel junction, thereby exposing the root surface. It results in the destruction of both soft and hard tissues.Case PresentationThree patients with buccal gingival recession defects underwent surgical treatment consisting of transposition of a periosteal pedicle in conjunction with the coronally advanced flap (CAF) technique. As the cambium layer of the periosteum has greater osteoblastic potential than the fibrous layer, this study considered juxtaposing of the cambium layer directly onto the denuded root surface. A 9‐month review demonstrated satisfactory: root coverage; gain in clinical attachment, reduction in probing depth; and increase in width of keratinized gingiva with a good color match and minimal scarring.ConclusionWithin the limits of the study, this CAF technique, in conjunction with the cambium layer of periosteum, showed a significant amount of root coverage.
Essential thrombocythemia with (type2) calreticulin presented as stuttering priapism case report and review of literature
Authors: Ali Elrazi Awadelkarim , Nashwan Abdulqadir Jeprel , Yassin Mohamed A 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPriapism is a rare presentation and complication of ET that might be underreported. In ET, priapism can present as an ischemic or stuttering type. These patients are more likely to be anemic and have a high platelet count.
Operando Electron Microscopy Study of Cobalt‐based Fischer‐Tropsch Nanocatalysts
Authors: Dembélé Kassiogé , Bahri Mounib , Hirlimann Charles , Moldovan Simona , Berliet Adrien , Maury Sylvie , Gay Anne‐Sophie , Ersen Ovidiu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThanks to their stability and selectivity for long‐chains hydrocarbons, supported Co nanoparticles are the most commonly used catalysts in the Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis reaction. We report here on the use of in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to address the real‐time evolution of cobalt‐based catalysts during their reduction under relevant industrial activation condition (105 Pa, 430 °C), and their operation in syngas (H2/CO=2, 105 Pa, 220 °C). To do so, we chose Co3O4−Pt nanoparticles supported on silica or alumina that can be directly compared to some industrial catalysts. By analysing the real space information contained in the TEM images, we have monitored the fragmentation of cobalt aggregates, the disappearance of cavities within the particles, their shape changes, the particle diffusion and coalescence processes, as well as the effect of the support (silica or alumina) on the behaviour of the Co phase. An easier reduction of cobalt catalysts supported on silica as compared to the same catalyst supported on alumina was also observed. During the catalyst operation under syngas, we have noticed the stability of the general shape of the particles. Simultaneously, using a residual gas analyser connected to the TEM holder, the main gas products of the Fischer‐Tropsch reaction were systematically analysed. Our findings underline the benefit of the operando TEM to study the dynamical evolution of catalysts, at the nanoparticle level, under operation conditions.
Supramolecular Catalysis with Self‐Assembled Capsules and Cages: What Happens in Confined Spaces
Authors: Gaeta Carmine , La Manna Pellegrino , De Rosa Margherita , Soriente Annunziata , Talotta Carmen , Neri Placido 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe confined space inside self‐assembled capsules or cages provides a unique environment in which organic reactions can be efficiently catalyzed, thanks to the confinement effect of the substrates. In confined spaces the chemical reactions can show unusual mechanisms due to the conformational control of the substrates, steric constrictions, stabilization of species by secondary interactions, and solvent exclusion. Consequently, the classical rules of the organic reactivity are often broken. Thus, many examples reported to data in the literature confirm the paradigm stated by D. J. Cram in 1989: “These carceplexes represent a new state of matter whose interiors are new phase…”. The confined space inside the self‐assembled capsules or cages represents a new phase for the chemical reactivity where there is still so much to explore. In this review we highlight the best‐known cases of reactivity in confined spaces, focusing our attention on the driving forces that drive the encapsulated reactions toward uncommon outcomes. Literature examples that constitute the landmarks in the topic of supramolecular catalysis in confined spaces are also reviewed.
The Application of HEXS and HERFD XANES for Accurate Structural Characterisation of Actinide Nanomaterials: The Case of ThO2
Authors: Amidani Lucia , Vaughan Gavin B. M. , Plakhova Tatiana V. , Romanchuk Anna Yu. , Gerber Evgeny , Svetogorov Roman , Weiss Stephan , Joly Yves , Kalmykov Stepan N. , Kvashnina Kristina O. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Lucia Amidani and co‐workers from the The European Synchrotron, Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kurchatov Institute, and the Université Grenoble Alpes. The image depicts the atomic structure of the sample being viewed through “atomic googles”, which represent the X‐ray techniques used in this work. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202003360.
Inheritance of salt‐tolerance traits among Kentucky bluegrass hybrids
Authors: Harris Paul G. , Johnson Paul G. , Kopp Kelly , Bushman B. Shaun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractKentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is widely used because of its adaptation to recreational spaces in the Intermountain West and elsewhere. It is considered salt sensitive and therefore is a good candidate for breeding improvement for this trait. However, improvement in Kentucky bluegrass is difficult because of apomictic reproduction and dosage effects from high polyploidy. The objective of this study was to evaluate salinity tolerance of Kentucky bluegrass hybrids and their parental lines and identify those with above mid‐parent trait values for salt tolerance to identify lines for future breeding. Fifteen hybrid progeny from five paired crosses were previously identified, their apomictic offtype characterized with flow cytometry, and their turf quality (TQ) and electrolyte leakage (EL) traits measured over time and under salt treatment. There was significant variation in salinity tolerance among the different parents and hybrids, with most hybrids showing trait values between the two parents. The salt‐tolerant parents PI440603 and PI371768 produced hybrids with greater than mid‐parent tolerance when crossed with elite Kentucky bluegrass cultivars. Seven hybrids [(‘Washington’ × PI440603)‐3 and ‐5, (PI499557 × PI440603)‐1 and ‐2, (PI578827 × PI371768)‐1 and ‐2, and (‘North Star’ × PI371768)‐1] had above mid‐parent averages, significantly better TQ and EL than their respective salt‐sensitive parent, or the smallest change in TQ or EL values between control and salt‐treated plants.
Bioinspired Radical‐Mediated Transition‐Metal‐Free Synthesis of N‐Heterocycles under Visible Light
Authors: K. Bains Amreen , Ankit Yadav , Adhikari Debashis 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA redox‐active iminoquinone motif connected with π‐delocalized pyrene core has been reported that can perform efficient two‐electron oxidation of a class of substrates. The design of the molecule was inspired by the organic redox cofactor topaquinone (TPQ), which executes amine oxidation in the enzyme, copper amine oxidase. Easy oxidation of both primary and secondary alcohols happened in the presence of catalytic KOtBu, which could reduce the ligand backbone to its iminosemiquinonate form under photoinduced conditions. Moreover, this easy oxidation of alcohols under aerobic condition could be elegantly extended to multi‐component, one‐pot coupling for the synthesis of quinoline and pyrimidine. This organocatalytic approach is very mild (70 °C, 8 h) compared to a multitude of transition‐metal catalysts that have been used to prepare these heterocycles. A detailed mechanistic study proves the intermediacy of the iminosemiquinonate‐type radical and a critical hydrogen atom transfer step to be involved in the dehydrogenation reaction.
Healthcare use and costs of adults with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in Taiwan
Authors: Tseng Mei‐Chih Meg , Tu Chao‐Ying , Chang Yuan‐Ting 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the health service use and healthcare costs of adults with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) in Taiwan.MethodAN and BN cases between 2002–2013 were extracted from a national health insurance database. For each AN and BN case, we randomly selected 10 controls with no eating disorder, matched for sex, age, urbanization of residence, and year of medical visit. The percentage and frequency of health services use and costs in the year preceding and after the diagnosis of AN/BN were compared between groups. We used generalized linear models with gamma distribution and log link function to determine the effects of age, sex, and psychiatric comorbidities on the total cost adjusting for physical comorbidities and to calculate the mean cost difference between groups by using marginal and incremental effects.ResultsBoth individuals with AN and BN had significantly elevated healthcare utilization and costs compared to controls during the baseline and one‐year period after diagnosis. Patients with AN had more than three times higher total costs (US $792) and patients with BN had two times higher total costs (US $320) than individuals without eating disorders. Comorbidity of depressive disorder and older age significantly increased healthcare costs among both individuals with AN and BN.DiscussionThere are high medical and economic burdens of care for individuals with AN and BN. Early diagnosis and integrated care for eating disorders are important tasks to reduce disease burden in Taiwan.
Sampling beetle communities: Trap design interacts with weather and species traits to bias capture rates
Authors: Burner Ryan C. , Birkemoe Tone , Olsen Siri Lie , Sverdrup‐Thygeson Anne 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGlobally, many insect populations are declining, prompting calls for action. Yet these findings have also prompted discussion about sampling methods and interpretation of long‐term datasets. As insect monitoring and research efforts increase, it is critical to quantify the effectiveness of sampling methods. This is especially true if sampling biases of different methods covary with climate, which is also changing over time. We assess the effectiveness of two types of flight intercept traps commonly used for beetles, a diverse insect group responsible for numerous ecosystem services, under different climatic conditions in Norwegian boreal forest. One of these trap designs includes a device to prevent rainwater from entering the collection vial, diluting preservatives and flushing out beetles. This design is compared to a standard trap. We ask how beetle capture rates vary between these traps, and how these differences vary based on precipitation levels and beetle body size, an important species trait. Bayesian mixed models reveal that the standard and modified traps differ in their beetle capture rates, but that the magnitude and direction of these differences change with precipitation levels and beetle body size. At low rainfall levels, standard traps catch more beetles, but as precipitation increases the catch rates of modified traps overtake those of standard traps. This effect is most pronounced for large‐bodied beetles. Sampling methods are known to differ in their effectiveness. Here, we present evidence for a less well‐known but likely common phenomenon—an interaction between climate and sampling, such that relative effectiveness of trap types for beetle sampling differs depending on precipitation levels and species traits. This highlights a challenge for long‐term monitoring programs, where both climate and insect populations are changing. Sampling methods should be sought that eliminate climate interactions, any biases should be quantified, and all insect datasets should include detailed methodological metadata.
The need for robust qPCR‐based eDNA detection assays in environmental monitoring and species inventories
Authors: Langlois Valerie S. , Allison Michael J. , Bergman Lauren C. , To Tuan Anh , Helbing Caren C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConsiderable promise and excitement exist in the application of environmental DNA (eDNA) methods to environmental monitoring and species inventories as eDNA can provide cost‐effective and accurate biodiversity information. However, considerable variation in data quality, rigor, and reliability has eroded confidence in eDNA application and is limiting regulatory and policy uptake. Substantial effort has gone into promoting transparency in reporting and deriving standardized frameworks and methods for eDNA field workflow components, but surprisingly little scrutiny has been given to the design and performance elements of targeted eDNA detection assays which, by far, have been most used in the scientific literature. There are several methods used for eDNA detection. The most accessible, cost‐effective, and conducive to standards development is targeted real‐time or quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (abbreviated as qPCR) eDNA analysis. The present perspective is meant to assist in the development and evaluation of qPCR‐based eDNA assays. It evaluates six steps in the qPCR‐based eDNA assay development and validation workflow identifying and addressing concerns pertaining to poor qPCR assay design and implementation; identifies the need for more fulsome mitochondrial genome sequence information for a broader range of species; and brings solutions toward best practices in forthcoming large‐scale and worldwide eDNA applications, such as at‐risk or invasive species assessments and site remediation monitoring.
Semi‐analytical solutions for stochastic response of non‐classically damped linear structures to arbitrary time‐frequency modulated seismic excitations
Authors: Yu Helu , Wang Bin , Li Yongle , Gao Zongyu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a semi‐analytical method for stochastic response analysis of non‐classically damped linear structures subjected to non‐stationary seismic excitations modeled by arbitrary time‐frequency modulating functions. In this method, the inherent randomness of seismic excitation process is characterized by a set of orthogonal random variables obtained using the spectral representation method. Then, by adopting piecewise polynomials to interpolate the time‐frequency modulating function of seismic excitation, an explicit expression for the structural stochastic response in term of the orthogonal random variables is derived using the complex modal analysis. This expression can be used not only to efficiently predict the seismic response of structures subjected to an arbitrary excitation sample, but also to directly evaluate the structural response statistics in the time domain. Finally, a robust algorithm is proposed to determine the optimal locations of segmentation points for the piecewise polynomials, the computational efficiency can be further improved. In the numerical application, a typical non‐classically damped structural system subjected to two models of non‐stationary seismic excitations are studied. The classical evolutionary spectral method and the Monte Carlo simulation are used to verify the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. The effects of several parameters such as the order of polynomials on the performance of the proposed method are investigated.
BL‐Hybrid: A graph‐theoretic approach to improving software‐defined networking‐based data center network performance
Authors: AlShammari Walaa M. , Alenazi Mohammed J. F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExisting data centers can handle a massive amount of data transmitted in a short time with minimum errors. Data center networks (DCNs) use cost‐effective, multipath topologies to distribute flows through alternative paths between core layers and hosting servers. Software‐defined networking (SDN) separates the control plane from the data plane to ease network management. To perform active load balancing among different paths, we address the challenges of load balancing in multipath DCNs. However, most DCNs' load balancing systems rely on a static approach that distributes flows among different paths sequentially, regardless of the path status. Consequently, some paths become congested, degrading the overall performance of the DCN in terms of throughput and delay. Increasing the number of requests worsens the congestion problem, causing some connections to become overwhelmed, thereby decreasing DCN efficiency. In this paper, we propose and evaluate the performance of a novel dynamic load‐balancing system named BL‐Hybrid, which uses the graph‐theoretical centrality of betweenness as a base metric for data forwarding. We perform a comprehensive comparative analysis of our proposed method relative to the round‐robin and least‐congested algorithms in different traffic scenarios, using the most popular SDN‐based DCNs, namely, fat tree, BCube, and DCell. Our evaluation results show that BL‐Hybrid outperforms the round‐robin and least‐congested schemes. It maximizes the average throughput by 4% and 11% and the average data transferred by 7% and 13%, respectively. Also, it reduces the average round‐trip time latency by 14% and 41%, respectively.
Sweetpotato production practices, constraints, and variety evaluation under different storage types
Authors: Abrham Tinsae , Beshir Hussien Mohammed , Haile Ashenafi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSweetpotato plays an important role in ensuring food security and household income sources for local communities in Ethiopia. It is dominantly grown in southern parts of Ethiopia. However, its production and productivity over the last few years has declined due to the limited access of quality planting materials at the onset of the rainy season, disease, and severe pest infestation. Therefore, it was imperative to carry out this study to identify the main constraints related to the recent decline of the crop in Misrak Badawacho District. The survey result revealed that many varieties of sweetpotato were grown in the district; mainly, Awassa‐83, Ogan‐Sagan, and Wolaita‐local were the most preferred variety by producers. The main sweetpotato production and storage constraints in the study district are as follows: rodents, disease and insect pests, heat and drought, shortage of quality planting materials, and absence of best methods for long‐term storage. Awassa‐83, Ogan‐Sagan and Wolaita‐local were evaluated under different storage types (straw, soil, ash, sawdust, and sand storage). The combination of Awassa‐83 variety and sand storage was performed better in percentage of decay, weight loss, and weevil damage, whereas length and number of vine per storage roots were performed better in the separate treatment. Thus, Awassa‐83 variety and sand storage can be recommended for maintaining the storage roots during dry periods and access of quality vines at the onset of the rainy season. More importantly, sand storage provides an opportunity to maintain the quality of sweetpotato storage roots for a long period of time and producers can easily and timely access quality vines at the onset of rainy season.
Transdiagnostic time‐varying dysconnectivity across major psychiatric disorders
Authors: Li Chao , Dong Mengshi , Womer Fay Y. , Han Shaoqiang , Yin Yi , Jiang Xiaowei , Wei Yange , Duan Jia , Feng Ruiqi , Zhang Luheng , Zhang Xizhe , Wang Fei , Tang Yanqing , Xu Ke 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDynamic functional connectivity (DFC) analysis can capture time‐varying properties of connectivity. However, studies on large samples using DFC to investigate transdiagnostic dysconnectivity across schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) are rare. In this study, we used resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging and a sliding‐window method to study DFC in a total of 610 individuals (150 with SZ, 100 with BD, 150 with MDD, and 210 healthy controls [HC]) at a single site. Using k‐means clustering, DFCs were clustered into three functional connectivity states: one was a more frequent state with moderate positive and negative connectivity (State 1), and the other two were less frequent states with stronger positive and negative connectivity (State 2 and State 3). Significant 4‐group differences (SZ, BD, MDD, and HC groups; q < .05, false‐discovery rate [FDR]‐corrected) in DFC were nearly only in State 1. Post hoc analyses (q < .05, FDR‐corrected) in State 1 showed that transdiagnostic dysconnectivity patterns among SZ, BD and MDD featured consistently decreased connectivity within most networks (the visual, somatomotor, salience and frontoparietal networks), which was most obvious in both range and extent for SZ. Our findings suggest that there is more common dysconnectivity across SZ, BD and MDD than we previously expected and that such dysconnectivity is state‐dependent, which provides new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of major psychiatric disorders.