bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LA VEDA Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA ECONOMÍA DE LAS EMPRESAS PESQUERAS DE LA CIUDAD DE CHIMBOTE EN LOS PERIODOS 2016 Y 2017
Authors: Solano Campos Marianela Karina 
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general: Determinar la incidencia de la veda en la economía de las empresas pesqueras de la ciudad de Chimbote en los periodos 2016 – 2017. Además se propuso los siguientes objetivos específicos: Describir los criterios tomados en cuenta por el Ministerio de Pesquería iniciados por la veda en la ciudad de Chimbote, otro fue; identificar la cantidad de toneladas antes y después de la veda industrial del 2016 de las empresas pesqueras de la ciudad de Chimbote, además identificar la cantidad de toneladas antes y después de la veda industrial del 2017 de las mismas empresas, por otro lado describir las actividades no ordinarias que realizan las pesqueras durante el periodo de veda de los años 2016 – 2017. Y por último analizar la incidencia de la veda en la economía de las empresas pesqueras de la ciudad de Chimbote en los periodos 2016 – 2017. El tipo de estudio es Correlacional y el diseño Descriptivo Correlacional y la población de estudio estuvo conformada por todas las empresas pesqueras de Chimbote y se contó con una muestra de 06 empresas pesquera de Chimbote que a continuación se detallan: TASA, COPEINCA, PESQUERA OP7 & BELL S.A.C. / OP7 & BELL S.A.C., ANCHOVETA S.A.C., PEÑARANDA BONILLA JULIO CESAR y HAYDUK, donde se utilizó la técnica de la encuesta con el instrumento del cuestionario.Además, se llegaron a las siguientes conclusiones; se identificó la cantidad de toneladas antes y después de la veda industrial del 2016 de las empresas pesqueras de la ciudad de Chimbote, siendo la captación el 66,7% donde las empresas antes de la veda del 2016 produjeron entre 800 a 1200 toneladas y después de la veda de ese año el mismo porcentaje. Además, se identificó la cantidad de toneladas antes y después de la veda industrial del 2017 de las empresas pesqueras de la ciudad de Chimbote, siendo el resultado que el 50% de las empresas antes de la veda del 2017, produjeron entre 800 a 1200 toneladas y después de la veda de ese año subieron al 83,3% indicando que producían entre 1200 a 1500 toneladas. Además la veda incide en la economía de las empresas pesqueras de la ciudad de Chimbote en los periodos 2016 – 2017 de acuerdo al Spss donde se aplicó el chi-cuadrado, donde encontramos que la veda si tiene una baja incidencia de 0.368 en la economía de las empresas pesqueras.
What makes a Cultural Heritage Expert?: Bridging the Gap between Higher Education and Professional Practice in Greece
Authors: Catapoti Despina , Andriopoulou Despina , Nikolaou Polina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough the professional sector of heritage in Greece has experienced profound transformations, in recent years, due to the ongoing financial crisis, another key shift that calls for serious consideration is the (implicit and/or explicit) requirement for heritage professionals to manage a variety of tasks associated with different scientific fields. In the wake of these developments, Greek universities have begun to reconfigure their role in knowledge production. The article presents an in-depth examination of postgraduate programs in cultural heritage offered by Greek universities and how they relate to emerging agendas in the professional sector of heritage in Greece. This twofold investigation (a) demonstrates that most postgraduate programs currently put a surplus of emphasis on instrumentalism, professional experience, and the coverage of a wide range of module topics and (b) explains the reasons why this triad in academic education also forms the dominant vision for the heritage workforce of the twenty-first century.
Reconstructing Ancient Polychromy: The Beauty of Palmyra
Authors: Brøns Cecilie 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The article focuses on a digital reconstruction of a Palmyrene portrait, the so-called Beauty of Palmyra, in the collections of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen, a project recently carried out for a special exhibition on ancient Palmyra. The study introduces to the academic work behind color reconstructions by presenting not only the artwork and its polychromy but especially the intermediate considerations and choices behind the final reconstruction, which illustrates how subjective such endeavors often are.
Biogeochemical Approaches to Bioarchaeological Research in Turkey: A Review
Authors: Irvine Benjamin , Özdemir Kameray 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBone chemical composition (particularly utilizing isotopes) analysis was a relatively late bloomer, beginning in the early 2000s and only gathering pace in the last five to ten years. Trace element analysis had actually commenced in the 1980s, however, with a hiatus until its resurgence in the last decade. Currently, research into dietary habits, subsistence practices, and mobility has focused on early proto-sedentary and sedentary agricultural populations in Anatolia. This is starting to change now in conjunction with the realization of the importance of bioarchaeology as an encompassing field, providing a holistic approach to examining prehistoric populations. This article will discuss the valuable contribution of stable isotope and trace element analyses for better understanding past environmental adaptations by humans (dietary habits, subsistence practices, and mobility). It will also provide an overview of past and current bioarchaeology-focused biogeochemical research in Turkish archaeology, and how this field can be developed moving forward.
A proopiomelanocortin‐derived peptide sequence enhances plasma stability of peptide drugs
Authors: Löw Karin , Roulin Alexandre , Kunz Stefan 
Published: June 2020

Bioactive peptide drugs hold promise for therapeutic application due to their high potency and selectivity but display short plasma half‐life. Examination of selected naturally occurring peptide hormones derived from proteolytic cleavage of the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) precursor lead to the identification of significant plasma‐stabilizing properties of a 12‐amino acid serine‐rich orphan sequence NSSSSGSSGAGQ in human γ3‐melanocyte‐stimulating hormone (MSH) that is homologous to previously discovered NSnGGH (n = 4–24) sequences in owls. Notably, transfer of this sequence to des‐acetyl‐α‐MSH and the therapeutically relevant peptide hormones neurotensin and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 likewise enhance their plasma stability without affecting receptor signaling. The stabilizing effect of the sequence module is independent of plasma components, suggesting a direct effect in cis. This natural sequence module may provide a possible strategy to enhance plasma stability, complementing existing methods of chemical modification.
Blood‐derived DNA methylation predictors of mortality discriminate tumor and healthy tissue in multiple organs
Authors: Zhang Yan , Bewerunge‐Hudler Melanie , Schick Matthias , Burwinkel Barbara , Herpel Esther , Hoffmeister Michael , Brenner Hermann 
Published: June 2020

Evidence has shown that certain methylation markers derived from blood can mirror corresponding methylation signatures in internal tissues. In the current study, we aimed to investigate two strong epigenetic predictors for life span, derived from blood DNA methylation data, in tissue samples of solid cancer patients. Using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the German DACHS study, we compared a mortality risk score (MRscore) and DNAmPhenoAge in paired tumor and adjacent normal tissue samples of patients with lung (N = 69), colorectal (n = 299), breast (n = 90), head/neck (n = 50), prostate (n = 50), and liver (n = 50) cancer. To explore the concordance across tissue and blood, we additionally assessed the two markers in blood samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and matched controls (n = 93) in the DACHS+ study. The MRscore was significantly elevated in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues of all cancers except prostate cancer, for which an opposite pattern was observed. DNAmPhenoAge was consistently higher in all tumor tissues. The MRscore discriminated lung, colorectal, and prostate tumor tissues from normal tissues with very high accuracy [AUCs of 0.87, 0.99 (TCGA) /0.94 (DACHS), and 0.92, respectively]. DNAmPhenoAge accurately discriminated five types of tumor tissues from normal tissues (except prostate cancer), with AUCs of 0.82–0.93. The MRscore was also significantly higher in blood samples of CRC cases than in controls, with areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.74, whereas DNAmPhenoAge did not distinguish cases from controls, with AUC of 0.54. This study provides compelling evidence that blood‐derived DNAm markers could reflect methylation changes in less accessible tissues. Further research should explore the potential use of these findings for cancer diagnosis and early detection.
Neuroendocrine subtypes of small cell lung cancer differ in terms of immune microenvironment and checkpoint molecule distribution
Authors: Dora David , Rivard Christopher , Yu Hui , Bunn Paul , Suda Kenichi , Ren Shengxiang , Lueke Pickard Shivaun , Laszlo Viktoria , Harko Tunde , Megyesfalvi Zsolt , Moldvay Judit , Hirsch Fred R. , Dome Balazs , Lohinai Zoltan 
Published: June 2020

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has recently been subcategorized into neuroendocrine (NE)‐high and NE‐low subtypes showing ‘immune desert’ and ‘immune oasis’ phenotypes, respectively. Here, we aimed to characterize the tumor microenvironment according to immune checkpoints and NE subtypes in human SCLC tissue samples at the protein level. In this cross‐sectional study, we included 32 primary tumors and matched lymph node (LN) metastases of resected early‐stage, histologically confirmed SCLC patients, which were previously clustered into NE subtypes using NE‐associated key RNA genes. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded TMAs with antibodies against CD45, CD3, CD8, MHCII, TIM3, immune checkpoint poliovirus receptor (PVR), and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO). The stroma was significantly more infiltrated by immune cells both in primary tumors and in LN metastases compared to tumor nests. Immune cell (CD45+ cell) density was significantly higher in tumor nests (P = 0.019), with increased CD8+ effector T‐cell infiltration (P = 0.003) in NE‐low vs NE‐high tumors. The expression of IDO was confirmed on stromal and endothelial cells and was positively correlated with higher immune cell density both in primary tumors and in LN metastases, regardless of the NE pattern. Expression of IDO and PVR in tumor nests was significantly higher in NE‐low primary tumors (vs NE‐high, P < 0.05). We also found significantly higher MHC II expression by malignant cells in NE‐low (vs NE‐high, P = 0.004) tumors. TIM3 expression was significantly increased in NE‐low (vs NE‐high, P < 0.05) tumors and in LN metastases (vs primary tumors, P < 0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first human study that demonstrates in situ that NE‐low SCLCs are associated with increased immune cell infiltration compared to NE‐high tumors. PVR, IDO, MHCII, and TIM3 are emerging checkpoints in SCLC, with increased expression in the NE‐low subtype, providing key insight for further prospective studies on potential biomarkers and targets for SCLC immunotherapies.
The Efficacy of Geraniol and ß-Citronellol against Freshwater and Marine Monogeneans
Authors: Morales-Serna Francisco N. , Martínez-Brown Juan M. , Avalos-Soriano Anaguiven , Sarmiento-Vázquez Sara , Hernández-Inda Zaira L. , Medina-Guerrero Rosa M. , Fajer-Ávila Emma J. , Ibarra-Castro Leonardo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Monogeneans are parasitic flatworms that may be a threat for finfish aquaculture. In this study, the anthelmintic activity of two terpenes, geraniol and β-citronellol, was tested in vitro against ancyrocephalin and diplectanid monogeneans. Experiments were performed in both water and a culture medium. We observed that monogeneans in culture medium may be more tolerant to treatments compared with bioassays performed only in water. Concentrations of 300 mg/L of both compounds were required to kill 100% of monogeneans at 1 h postexposure. The toxicity of β-citronellol to fish was not evaluated. However, geraniol at 300 mg/L and 150 mg/L killed juvenile Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and White Snook Centropomus viridis, respectively, after a few minutes. Therefore, the present work suggests that other alternatives should be studied for use against monogeneans in aquaculture.
An open‐source software for monitoring intrafraction motion during external beam radiation therapy based on superimposition of contours of projected ROIs on cine‐MV images
Authors: Lessard Rémi , Tremblay Nicolas M. , Plourde Marc‐Émile , Guillot Mathieu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeTo present an open‐source software (https://github.com/CHUSRadOncPhys/FluoMV) for monitoring intrafraction motion that is based on the visualization of superimposed contours of projected region‐of‐interests from DICOM RTSTRUCT files on cine‐MV images acquired and displayed in real‐time during radiation therapy delivery. Clinical use with prostate gold fiducial markers is presented.MethodsProjections of regions of interest (ROI) in the reference frame of the electronic portal imaging device are computed offline for different gantry angles before the first treatment fraction. During treatment delivery, the contrast of portal images is automatically adjusted using a histogram equalization algorithm. The projections associated with the current gantry angle are then superimposed on the images in real time. This allows the therapist to evaluate if the imaged structures of interest remain within their respective contours during treatment delivery and to potentially interrupt the treatment if deemed necessary. The spatial accuracy of the method was evaluated by imaging a ball bearing phantom in a set‐up where the position of the projected ROI is highly sensitive to gantry angle errors. The visibility of fiducial markers during one fraction of seven different volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) prostate treatments is characterized.ResultsThe geometric validation showed a negligible systematic error μ < 0.1 mm for the position of the projections. The random errors associated with the time accuracy of the gantry angle readout were characterized by standard deviations σ ≤ 0.6 mm. The VMAT clinical treatments showed that the fiducial markers were frequently visible, allowing for a meaningful clinical use.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that the method presented is sufficiently accurate to be used for intrafraction monitoring of patients. The fact that this method could be implemented on many modern linacs at little to no cost and with no additional dose delivered to the patients makes this solution very attractive for improving patient care and safety in radiation therapy.
The Synthesis of Chiral Allyl Carbamates via Merger of Photoredox and Nickel Catalysis
Authors: Garbacz Mateusz , Stecko Sebastian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA mild, and versatile, organophotoredox/Ni‐mediated protocol was developed for the direct preparation of diverse, enantioenriched allyl carbamates. The reported approach represents a significant departure from classical step‐by‐step synthesis of allyl carbamates. This dual photoredox/Ni based strategy offers unrivalled capacity for convergent unification of readily available alkyl halides and chiral carbamates derived from 1‐bromo‐alken‐3‐ols with high chemoselectivity and efficiency. The reported photoredox/Ni catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction is not limited to carbamates, but also to other O‐derivatives such as esters, ethers, acetals, carbonates or silyl ethers. To demonstrate the utility of the reported protocol, the resulting allyl carbamates were transformed into functionalized non‐racemic allylamines through a sigmatropic rearrangement reaction in enantiospecific manner. This approach allowed for synthesis of enantiomeric allylamines by a simple control of the geometry of a double bond of allyl carbamates.magnified image
Zinc/Indium Bimetallic Lewis Acid Relay Catalysis for Dehydrogenative Silylation/Hydrosilylation Reaction of Terminal Alkynes with Bis(hydrosilane)s
Authors: Tani Tomohiro , Sohma Yudai , Tsuchimoto Teruhisa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhen mixed with two different Lewis acid catalysts of zinc and indium, terminal alkynes were found to react with bis(hydrosilane)s to selectively provide 1,1‐disilylalkenes from among several possible products, by way of a sequential dehydrogenative silylation/intramolecular hydrosilylation reaction. Adding a pyridine base is crucial in this reaction; a switch as a catalyst of the zinc Lewis acid is turned on by forming a zinc−pyridine‐base complex. A range of the 1,1‐disilylalkenes can be obtained by a combination of aryl and aliphatic terminal alkynes plus aryl‐, heteroaryl‐, and naphthyl‐tethered bis(hydrosilane)s. The 1,1‐disilylalkene prepared here is available as a reagent for further transformations by utilizing its C−Si or C=C bond. The former includes Hiyama cross‐coupling, bismuth‐catalyzed ether formation, and iododesilylation; the latter includes double alkylation and epoxidation. Mechanistic studies clarified the role of the two Lewis acids: the zinc–pyridine‐base complex catalyzes the dehydrogenative silylation as a first stage, and, following on this, the indium Lewis acid catalyzes the ring‐closing hydrosilylation as a second stage, thus leading to the 1,1‐disilylalkene.magnified image
Empowering Clinician Education With Patient‐outcome Feedback
Authors: Iserson Kenneth V. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEmergency physicians (EPs) often lack the information they need about their patients’ outcomes so that they can both optimally adjust and refine their diagnostic and treatment processes and recognize their clinical errors. Patient‐outcome feedback (POF) provides that information by informing clinicians about a patient’s clinical course after that clinician’s evaluation and treatment. This feedback may encompass the period after the EP has transferred a patient’s care to another EP or after the patient has left the ED or hospital. EPs obtain POF through various active and passive methods, depending on their institutional and medical record systems. Active methods require that clinicians or others spend time and effort acquiring the information; passive methods deliver it automatically. POF is an excellent performance‐based measurement that helps clinicians to stimulate their learning and to build their own validated mental library of outcomes with which to make clinical decisions, i.e., heuristics and System 1 thinking. POF offers especially useful feedback about patients who have been admitted, were referred to specialists, had major interventions, had potentially significant tests pending on discharge, or were handed off to another EP. The current health care system makes it difficult for EPs to discover their patients’ outcomes, squandering significant educational opportunities. Three stimuli to improve this situation would be to require EPs to receive passive POF as part of hospital accreditation, for reviewing POF to be classified as a Category 1 Continuing Medical Education activity, and to reimburse clinicians for learning activities related to POF. Research indicates that our health care institutions and systems would be well served to provide clinicians with ongoing automatic information about their patients’ outcomes.
Emergency Department Well‐being Initiatives During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: An After‐action Review
Authors: Zaidi Sara R. , Sharma Vineet K. , Tsai Shiu‐Lin , Flores Stefan , Lema Penelope C. , Castillo Jenny 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has significantly impacted the well‐being of our health care professionals, particularly frontline providers in the emergency department (ED). Our ED, located in New York City, was severely affected, exposing the staff to a combination of unique stressors. Our ED Wellness Committee responded by implementing various initiatives focusing on the physical, mental, and social needs of our providers to support them through this difficult time. The initiatives we describe offer a framework that may help other departments understand the importance of provider well‐being during a pandemic.
Malignant asbestos‐related disease in a population exposed to asbestos
Authors: Orriols Ramon , Tarrés Josep , Albertí‐Casas Constança , Rosell‐Murphy Magdalena , Abós‐Herràndiz Rafael , Canela‐Soler Jaume 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe first asbestos fiber cement plant in Spain operated in Cerdanyola, in the Barcelona metropolitan area, between 1907 and 1997. We describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with the malignant asbestos‐related disease (ARD) in the area of the plant between 2007 and 2016.MethodsA prospective, descriptive study was undertaken in the 12 municipalities of the county of Barcelona most proximate to the plant. We describe malignant ARD cases by time of diagnosis, source of exposure, periods of exposure and latency, and distribution by sex. Cumulative incidence and age‐standardized incidence rates (ASIR) are calculated.ResultsOf 477 patients diagnosed with ARD between 2007 and 2016, 128 (26%) presented with asbestos‐associated malignancy. Pleural mesothelioma was noted in 105 patients (82.0%) with a linear trend Z‐score of −0.2 (NS) in men and 2.7 (P < .01) in women. The highest ASIRs for malignant ARD (6.1/100 000 residents/year; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2‐13.3) and pleural mesothelioma (4.8/100 000 residents/year; 95% CI, 1.5‐11.6) occurred in municipalities closest to the focal point of contamination. The origin of malignant ARD was nonoccupational in 32.2% of men and 81.6% of women (P < .001).ConclusionsMore than 20 years after the closure of the fiber cement plant, the grave consequences of exposure to asbestos remain. The detection of cases of pleural mesothelioma in men seems to have plateaued whereas in women an ascending trend continues, which principally has its origin in nonoccupational exposures.
Baraitser–Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome: Report of two adult siblings
Authors: Hampshire Karly , Martin Pierre‐Marie , Carlston Colleen , Slavotinek Anne 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBaraitser–Winter cerebrofrontofacial syndrome (BWCS) is a rare, autosomal dominant condition that is characterized by intellectual disability, distinctive craniofacial features, structural brain abnormalities, seizures, microcephaly, hearing loss, and ocular colobomas. The first three cases were described in 1988 by Baraitser and Winter and included two siblings and an unrelated third patient. Subsequently, causative missense variants in the ACTB and ACTG1 genes were identified, with de novo occurrence in patients with the condition. Herein, we describe two adult siblings who were born to unaffected parents and who were diagnosed with BWCS in their fourth and sixth decade of life following exome sequencing performed for intellectual disability. We review the literature reports of adult patients with BWCS to document the clinical features and phenotypic variability that can occur later in life. This is the first molecularly confirmed report of germline mosaicism in BWCS and one of only a few reports to describe two BWCS patients belonging to the same family.