bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Requirement change management challenges in GSD: An analytical hierarchy process approach
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Azeem , Khan Arif Ali , Khan Abdul Wahid , Mahmood Sajjad 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMajority of software development firms are adopting the concepts of global software development (GSD) in order to develop high‐quality and low‐cost products. However, the requirements change management (RCM) becomes a significant challenge in the GSD environment because of the unavailability of proper RCM framework and taxonomy. The objective of this study is to develop a taxonomy of the challenging factors of the RCM process in GSD. The taxonomy is developed based on the results of the data collected during the survey study and the implementation of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Total 25 challenging factors are identified and mapped into four core categories, ie, “organizational management,” “team,” “technology,” and “process.” Moreover, the AHP analysis is performed to prioritize the challenging factors and their categories. The prioritization process highlight that “process” is the most significant category of the RCM challenging factors. The taxonomy developed in this study provides a robust framework to tackle problems associated with RCM activities in GSD environment, which is significant to the success and progression of GSD firms.
From AAL to ambient assisted rehabilitation: a research pilot protocol based on smart objects and biofeedback
Authors: Meriggi Paolo , Mandalà Martina , Brazzoli Elena , Piacente Tecla , Mazzola Marcella , Olivieri Ivana 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe progressive miniaturization of electronic devices and their exponential increase in processing, storage and transmission capabilities, represent key factors of the current digital transformation, also sustaining the great development of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) and the Internet of Things. Although most of the investigations in the recent years focused on remote monitoring and diagnostics, rehabilitation too could be positively affected by the widespread integrated use of these devices. Smart Objects in particular may be among the enablers to new quantitative approaches. In this paper, we present a proof-of-concept and some preliminary results of an innovative pediatric rehabilitation protocol based on Smart Objects and biofeedback, which we administered to a sample of children with unilateral cerebral palsy. The novelty of the approach mainly consists in placing the sensing device into a common toy (a ball in our protocol) and using the information measured by the device to administer multimedia-enriched type of exercises, more engaging if compared to the usual rehabilitation activities used in clinical settings. We also introduce a couple of performance indexes, which could be helpful for a quantitative continuous evaluation of movements during the exercises. Even if the number of children involved and sessions performed are not suitable to assess any change in the subjects’ abilities, nor to derive solid statistical inferences, the novel approach resulted very engaging and enjoyable by all the children participating in the study. Moreover, given the almost non-existent literature on the use of Smart Objects in pediatric rehabilitation, the few qualitative/quantitative results here reported may promote the scientific and clinical discussion regarding AAL solutions in a “Computer Assisted Rehabilitation” perspective, towards what can be defined “Pediatric Rehabilitation 2.0”.
Evaluation Infrastructures for Academic Shared Tasks
Authors: Schaible Johann , Breuer Timo , Tavakolpoursaleh Narges , Müller Bernd , Wolff Benjamin , Schaer Philipp 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAcademic search systems aid users in finding information covering specific topics of scientific interest and have evolved from early catalog-based library systems to modern web-scale systems. However, evaluating the performance of the underlying retrieval approaches remains a challenge. An increasing amount of requirements for producing accurate retrieval results have to be considered, e.g., close integration of the system’s users. Due to these requirements, small to mid-size academic search systems cannot evaluate their retrieval system in-house. Evaluation infrastructures for shared tasks alleviate this situation. They allow researchers to experiment with retrieval approaches in specific search and recommendation scenarios without building their own infrastructure. In this paper, we elaborate on the benefits and shortcomings of four state-of-the-art evaluation infrastructures on search and recommendation tasks concerning the following requirements: support for online and offline evaluations, domain specificity of shared tasks, and reproducibility of experiments and results. In addition, we introduce an evaluation infrastructure concept design aiming at reducing the shortcomings in shared tasks for search and recommender systems.
The particle finite element method for transient granular material flow: modelling and validation
Authors: Larsson Simon , Rodríguez Prieto Juan Manuel , Gustafsson Gustaf , Häggblad Hans-Åke , Jonsén Pär 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe prediction of transient granular material flow is of fundamental industrial importance. The potential of using numerical methods in system design for increasing the operating efficiency of industrial processes involving granular material flow is huge. In the present study, a numerical tool for modelling dense transient granular material flow is presented and validated against experiments. The granular materials are modelled as continuous materials using two different constitutive models. The choice of constitutive models is made with the aim to predict the mechanical behaviour of a granular material during the transition from stationary to flowing and back to stationary state. The particle finite element method (PFEM) is employed as a numerical tool to simulate the transient granular material flow. Use of the PFEM enables a robust treatment of large deformations and free surfaces. The fundamental problem of collapsing rectangular columns of granular material is studied experimentally employing a novel approach for in-plane velocity measurements by digital image correlation. The proposed numerical model is used to simulate the experimentally studied column collapses. The model prediction of the in-plane velocity field during the collapse agrees well with experiments.
Incorporating Deposit Ageing into Visualisation of Crude Oil Preheat Train Fouling
Authors: Ishiyama E.M. , Pugh S.J. , Wilson D.I. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFouling is an acute problem in crude oil preheat train heat exchangers as it affects the thermal and hydraulic performance of individual units as well as the network. Ageing of fouling deposits complicates these interactions and effective tools for visualising these effects are needed. The modified temperature field plot construction, devised by Graham Polley and co-workers in 2002, allows the impact of fouling on pressure drop and heat duty across individual units and the preheat train to be presented in a systematic way. The simple deposit ageing model of Ishiyama et al. (AIChEJ 56:531–545, 2010a) was incorporated into the analysis of a simple preheat train based on that presented by Panchal and Huang-Fu (Heat Transfer Eng 21:3–9, 2000) to calculate the impact of ageing on fouling dynamics and network performance. The modified temperature field plot is shown to be effective in communicating the impact of fouling and ageing, allowing a designer or operator to be able to interpret correctly what might otherwise be conflicting trends or unexpected behaviour.
Critical Separation Versus Effective Sweep Width: Bridging the Old and New Search-and-Rescue Worlds
Authors: Chiacchia Kenneth B. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction “Critical separation” is a simple method for spacing searchers intended to produce a predictable probability of detection (POD). A more precise method, based on effective sweep width ( W), has been adopted only slowly. Accurate PODs are critical in planning priorities in future operational periods. Therefore, it would be useful to know what POD a critical separation determination actually produces. Methods Detection ranges ( Rd) were measured on high- and low-visibility adult mannequins (stuffed Tyvek suits of varying colors) and a red helmet detected by 6 searcher volunteers. Conversion factors previously described in the literature were used to convert Rds into predicted Ws and the previously described logit model to convert Ws into PODs. Results The Rds were 26±6 m (mean±SD) for the high-visibility mannequin, 15±5 m for the low-visibility mannequin, and 24±6 m for the helmet used in the critical separation determination. The predicted Ws were 47±15 m, 16±8 m, and 42±14 m, respectively. Critical separation would therefore result in predicted PODs of 67±17% or 32±16% for nonresponsive adults in high- versus low-visibility clothing. Conclusions Critical separation is a simple, quick way to array searchers in the field. The current study suggests that the value of critical separation in producing the 50% target POD will depend on the whether the search object used for the critical separation determination has a similar detectability/ W to the actual target of the search effort. Still, the results from a critical separation determination may offer more predictability and reliability than the common practice of POD estimation by team leaders.
Neuroprotection Following Concussion: The Potential Role for Cannabidiol
Authors: Singh Jyotpal , Neary John Patrick 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT:Cannabidiol (CBD) has been generating increasing interest in medicine due to its therapeutic properties and an apparent lack of negative side effects. Research has suggested that high dosages of CBD can be taken acutely and chronically with little to no risk. This review focuses on the neuroprotective effects of a CBD, with an emphasis on its implications for recovering from a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) or concussion. CBD has been shown to influence the endocannabinoid system, both by affecting cannabinoid receptors and other receptors involved in the endocannabinoid system such as vanilloid receptor 1, adenosine receptors, and 5-hydroxytryptamine via cannabinoid receptor-independent mechanisms. Concussions can result in many physiological consequences, potentially resulting in post-concussion syndrome. While impairments in cerebrovascular and cardiovascular physiology following concussion have been shown, there is unfortunately still no single treatment available to enhance recovery. CBD has been shown to influence the blood brain barrier, brain-derived neurotrophic factors, cognitive capacity, the cerebrovasculature, cardiovascular physiology, and neurogenesis, all of which have been shown to be altered by concussion. CBD can therefore potentially provide treatment to enhance neuroprotection by reducing inflammation, regulating cerebral blood flow, enhancing neurogenesis, and protecting the brain against reactive oxygen species. Double-blind randomized controlled trials are still required to validate the use of CBD as medication following mild TBIs, such as concussion.
An investigation of the use of standardised leaving certificate performance as a method of estimating pre-morbid intelligence
Authors: Costello E. , Burke T. , Lonergan K. , Burke T. , Pender N. , Mulrooney M. 
Published: February 2020

Background:In cases of brain pathology, current levels of cognition can only be interpreted reliably relative to accurate estimations of pre-morbid functioning. Estimating levels of pre-morbid intelligence is, therefore, a crucial part of neuropsychological evaluation. However, current methods of estimation have proven problematic.Objective:To evaluate if standardised leaving certificate (LC) performance can predict intellectual functioning in a healthy cohort. The LC is the senior school examination in the Republic of Ireland, taken by almost 50 000 students annually, with total performance distilled into Central Applications Office points.Methods:A convenience sample of university students was recruited (n = 51), to provide their LC results and basic demographic information. Participants completed two cognitive tasks assessing current functioning (Vocabulary and Matrix Reasoning (MR) subtests – Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence, Second Edition) and a test of pre-morbid intelligence (Spot-the-Word test from the Speed and Capacity of Language Processing). Separately, LC results were standardised relative to the population of test-takers, using a computer application designed specifically for this project.Results:Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that standardised LC performance [F(2,48) = 3.90, p = 0.03] and Spot-the-Word [F(2,47) = 5.88, p = 0.005] significantly predicted current intellect. Crawford & Allen’s demographic-based regression formula did not. Furthermore, after controlling for gender, English [F(1,49) = 11.27, p = 0.002] and Irish [F(1,46) = 4.06, p = 0.049) results significantly predicted Vocabulary performance, while Mathematics results significantly predicted MR [F(1,49) = 8.80, p = 0.005].Conclusions:These results suggest that standardised LC performance may represent a useful resource for clinicians when estimating pre-morbid intelligence.
The Enigma of Neoproterozoic Giant Ooids—Fingerprints of Extreme Climate?
Authors: Trower Elizabeth J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGeologists have documented at least 14 occurrences of “giant ooids,” a geologically rare type of carbonate allochem, in Neoproterozoic successions at low paleolatitudes. Recent experiments and modeling demonstrated that ooid size reflects an equilibrium between precipitation and abrasion rates, such that ooid size could be used as a geological proxy for CaCO3 mineral saturation state (Ω). Here, the documented sizes of Neoproterozoic giant ooids were applied to estimate seawater Ω, which provided a novel approach to constraining temperature, partial pressure of CO2, and alkalinity preceding Neoproterozoic glaciations. The results suggest that giant ooid formation was most plausible with seawater alkalinity elevated over its present value by at least a factor of 2, and either much warmer (40 °C) or much colder (0 °C) climate than modern tropical carbonate platforms, which have important and divergent implications for climate states and ecosystem responses prior to the initiation of each Neoproterozoic glaciation.
Remote Sensing Estimates of CME Density in the Ecliptic Using the STEREO Heliospheric Imagers
Authors: Barnes David 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present a method to estimate electron densities in the ecliptic plane using the STEREO Heliospheric Imagers (HIs). The nature of Thomson scattering of photospheric light by solar wind electrons is such that visible‐light observations by HI provide a means to infer information about plasma density from afar. This is achieved using discrete tomography, whereby line‐of‐sight integrals from HI are used to estimate electron density in the heliosphere over a predefined grid. The technique is applied to the Earth‐impacting coronal mass ejection (CME) launched on 12 December 2008. The two vantage points afforded by STEREO are insufficient to reproduce the density structure of the CME in detail; however, the technique is successful in locating the presence of a density enhancement associated with the CME. When applied to consecutive images, we are able to use the technique as a means to track the CME through interplanetary space. From these observations we make estimates of the CME radial velocity and density profiles, the results of which are consistent with measurements made in situ by Wind at L1. This method is presented as a new approach to determine CME propagation from HI observations, one that avoids many of the assumptions of CME morphology and dynamics that are often applied when tracking CMEs in such data. We also expect that this technique will prove useful, and a test of the long‐standing heliospheric reconstruction technique employed by using single images over time (Jackson et al., 2006, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JA010942) when views from many wide‐angle imagers become available.
Evaluation of CloudSat's Cloud‐Profiling Radar for Mapping Snowfall Rates Across the Greenland Ice Sheet
Authors: Ryan Jonathan C. , Smith Laurence C. , Wu Mengxi , Cooley Sarah W. , Miège Clément , Montgomery Lynn N. , Koenig Lora S. , Fettweis Xavier , Noel Brice P. Y. , van den Broeke Michiel R. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThe Greenland Ice Sheet is now the single largest cryospheric contributor to global sea‐level rise yet uncertainty remains about its future contribution due to complex interactions between increasing snowfall and surface melt. Reducing uncertainty in future snowfall predictions requires sophisticated, physically based climate models evaluated with present‐day observations. The accuracy of modeled snowfall rates, however, has yet to be systematically assessed because observations are sparse. Here, we produce high spatial resolution (15 km) snowfall climatologies (2006–2016) derived from CloudSat's 2C‐SNOW‐PROFILE product to evaluate climate model simulations of snowfall across the Greenland Ice Sheet. In comparison to accumulation datasets acquired from ice cores and airborne accumulation radar, we find that our CloudSat climatologies capture broad spatial patterns of snowfall in both the accumulation and ablation zones. By comparing our CloudSat snowfall climatologies with the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model Version 2.3p2 (RACMO2.3p2), Modèle Atmosphérique Régional 3.9 (MAR3.9), ERA5, and Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1), we demonstrate that climate models likely overestimate snowfall rates at the margins of the ice sheet, particularly in South, Southeast, and Northwest Greenland during autumn and winter. Despite this overestimation, there are few areas of the ice sheet where the models and CloudSat substantially disagree about the spatial pattern and seasonality of snowfall rates. We conclude that a combination of CloudSat snowfall observations and the latest generation of climate models has the potential to improve understanding of how snowfall rates respond to increasing air temperatures, thereby constraining one of the largest sources of uncertainty in Greenland's future contribution to global sea levels.
River Regulation Alleviates the Impacts of Climate Change on U.S. Thermoelectricity Production
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Li Hong‐Yi , Leung L. Ruby , Liu Lu , Hejazi Mohamad I. , Forman Barton A. , Yigzaw Wondmagegn 
Published: February 2020

AbstractClimate change is projected to elevate stream temperature and poses threats to thermoelectric power generation. Although two thirds of the global rivers are regulated by dams, the impacts of river regulation on stream temperature and thermoelectricity production have not been evaluated in previous studies. Using a state‐of‐the‐art integrated water cycle model and a power generation model, we quantify the impacts of river regulation on stream temperature and usable capacity of once‐through thermoelectric power in the United States. Our study demonstrates that by lowering stream temperature and increasing water availability during the low‐flow season, river regulation can curtail the loss of summer power plant usable capacity induced by climate change. The alleviation of power loss by water management is comparable to that resulting from emission mitigation that reduces warming in the future. Our new findings highlight the necessity of incorporating water management effects in thermoelectric power vulnerability assessment.
Tetrahydrobenzimidazole TMQ0153 triggers apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis crosstalk in chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Song Sungmi , Lee Jin-Young , Ermolenko Ludmila , Mazumder Aloran , Ji Seungwon , Ryu Heeju , Kim HyeJin , Kim Dong-Wook , Lee Jung Weon , Dicato Mario , Christov Christo , Schnekenburger Michael , Cerella Claudia , Gérard Déborah , Orlikova-Boyer Barbora , Al-Mourabit Ali , Diederich Marc 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBy comparing imatinib-sensitive and -resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell models, we investigated the molecular mechanisms by which tetrahydrobenzimidazole derivative TMQ0153 triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis at low concentrations accompanied by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increase of cytosolic free Ca2+ levels. Interestingly, at higher concentrations, TMQ0153 induced necroptotic cell death with accumulation of ROS, both preventable by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) pretreatment. At necroptosis-inducing concentrations, we observed increased ROS and decreased ATP and GSH levels, concomitant with protective autophagy induction. Inhibitors such as bafilomycin A1 (baf-A1) and siRNA against beclin 1 abrogated autophagy, sensitized CML cells against TMQ0153 and enhanced necroptotic cell death. Importantly, TMQ153-induced necrosis led to cell surface exposure of calreticulin (CRT) and ERp57 as well as the release of extracellular ATP and high mobility group box (HMGB1) demonstrating the capacity of this compound to release immunogenic cell death (ICD) markers. We validated the anti-cancer potential of TMQ0153 by in vivo inhibition of K562 microtumor formation in zebrafish. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that cellular stress and redox modulation by TMQ0153 concentration-dependently leads to different cell death modalities including controlled necrosis in CML cell models.
4D imaging of lithium-batteries using correlative neutron and X-ray tomography with a virtual unrolling technique
Authors: Ziesche Ralf F. , Arlt Tobias , Finegan Donal P. , Heenan Thomas M. M. , Tengattini Alessandro , Baum Daniel , Kardjilov Nikolay , Markötter Henning , Manke Ingo , Kockelmann Winfried , Brett Dan J. L. , Shearing Paul R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe temporally and spatially resolved tracking of lithium intercalation and electrode degradation processes are crucial for detecting and understanding performance losses during the operation of lithium-batteries. Here, high-throughput X-ray computed tomography has enabled the identification of mechanical degradation processes in a commercial Li/MnO2 primary battery and the indirect tracking of lithium diffusion; furthermore, complementary neutron computed tomography has identified the direct lithium diffusion process and the electrode wetting by the electrolyte. Virtual electrode unrolling techniques provide a deeper view inside the electrode layers and are used to detect minor fluctuations which are difficult to observe using conventional three dimensional rendering tools. Moreover, the ‘unrolling’ provides a platform for correlating multi-modal image data which is expected to find wider application in battery science and engineering to study diverse effects e.g. electrode degradation or lithium diffusion blocking during battery cycling.