bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of humoral immune responses and degree of protection induced by influenza vaccine in cotton rats: Effects of low vaccine dose and single vs booster vaccination
Authors: Bhide Yoshita , Dong Wei , Meijerhof Tjarko , de Vries‐Idema Jacqueline , Niesters Hubert G. , Huckriede Anke 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionCotton rats are a suitable model for the study of influenza disease symptoms and responses to influenza vaccination. We have previously shown that two immunizations with 15 µg whole inactivated virus (WIV) influenza vaccine could completely protect animals from infection with the H1N1pdm09 virus.MethodsTo further explore the cotton rat model, we here investigated the protective potential of a single intramuscular immunization and of prime/boost intramuscular immunizations with a low amount of antigen.ResultsA single intramuscular immunization with doses more than or equal to 0.5 µg WIV reliably evoked antibody responses and doses more than or equal to 1 µg protected the animals from virus replication in the lungs and from severe weight loss. However, clinical symptoms like an increased respiration rate were still apparent. Administration of a booster dose significantly increased the humoral immune responses but did not or only moderately improved protection from clinical symptoms.ConclusionOur data suggest that complete and partial protection by influenza vaccines can be mimicked in cotton rats by using specific vaccination regimens.
Blood markers of oxidative stress are strongly associated with poorer prognosis in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Boakye Daniel , Jansen Lina , Schöttker Ben , Jansen Eugene H. J. M. , Schneider Martin , Halama Niels , Gào Xin , Chang‐Claude Jenny , Hoffmeister Michael , Brenner Hermann 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOxidative stress has been implicated in the initiation of several cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Whether it also plays a role in CRC prognosis is unclear. We assessed the associations of two oxidative stress biomarkers (Diacron's reactive oxygen metabolites [d‐ROMs] and total thiol level [TTL]) with CRC prognosis. CRC patients who were diagnosed in 2003 to 2012 and recruited into a population‐based study in Germany (n = 3361) were followed for up to 6 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the associations of d‐ROMs and TTL (measured from blood samples collected shortly after CRC diagnosis) with overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were estimated using multivariable Cox regression. Particularly pronounced associations of higher d‐ROMs with lower survival were observed in stage IV patients, with patients in the highest (vs lowest) tertile having much lower OS (HR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.14‐2.04) and DSS (HR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.20‐2.17). For TTL, strong inverse associations of TTL with mortality were observed within all stages. In patients of all stages, those in the highest (vs lowest) quintile had substantially higher OS (HR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.38‐0.62) and DSS (HR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.39‐0.69). The addition of these biomarkers to models that included age, sex, tumor stage and subsite significantly improved the prediction of CRC prognosis. The observed strong associations of higher d‐ROMs and lower TTL levels with poorer prognosis even in stage IV patients suggest that oxidative stress contributes significantly to premature mortality in CRC patients and demonstrate a large potential of these biomarkers in enhancing the prediction of CRC prognosis beyond tumor stage.
A potential disease monitoring and prognostic biomarker in cervical cancer patients: The clinical application of circular RNA_0018289
Authors: He Jing , Lv Xin , Zeng Zhen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the tumor circular RNA_0018289 (circ_0018289) expression and its correlation with clinical characteristics as well as survival profiles in cervical cancer patients.MethodsA hundred and ninety‐two cervical cancer patients who received surgical resection were recruited in this prospective study. Tumor tissue and paired adjacent tissue were obtained during the surgery, in which circ_0018289 expression was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were recorded.ResultsCirc_0018289 expression was upregulated in tumor tissue compared with paired adjacent tissue (P < .001), and receiver operative characteristic curve disclosed its good value for separating tumor tissue from adjacent tissue with an area under curve of 0.907 (95% CI: 0.879‐0.935). Additionally, tumor circ_0018289 expression was positively associated with tumor size (P = .009), lymph node metastasis (P = .005) and Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage (P = .005). The DFS (P = .005) and OS (P = .015) were both worse in patients with circ_0018289 high expression compared to patients with circ_0018289 low expression. Meanwhile, in patients with circ_0018289 high expression, DFS and OS were the longest in patients with high+ expression followed by patients with high++ expression, and the shortest in patients with high+++ expression. Moreover, circ_0018289 high expression could independently predict worse DFS in the total cervical cancer patients (P = .042).ConclusionCirc_0018289 could serve as a potential disease monitoring and prognostic biomarker in cervical cancer patients.
Fractional chromatic number of a random subgraph
Authors: Mohar Bojan , Wu Hehui 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIt is well known that a random subgraph of the complete graph has chromatic number w.h.p. Boris Bukh asked whether the same holds for a random subgraph of any ‐chromatic graph, at least in expectation. In this paper it is shown that for every graph, whose fractional chromatic number is at least , the fractional chromatic number of its random subgraph is at least with probability more than . This gives the affirmative answer for a strengthening of Bukh's question for the fractional chromatic number.
Inhibitor design for 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐CoA reductase enzyme; molecular docking and determination of molecular and electronic properties of ligands by density functional theory method
Authors: Ercan Selami , Çınar Ercan , Özaydın Cihat , Efe Ertürk Nuriye , Çakmak Reşit 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDesigning new inhibitors having less side effects is a need which also could reduce cholesterol levels. To fulfill this aim, we have carried out a molecular docking study toward 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐CoA (HMG‐CoA) reductase. A set of designed structural derivatives of statin drugs, eight ligands which are used as HIV‐1 integrase inhibitor candidates, a set of terpenoids, and ligands downloaded from Zinc15 database were docked to HMG‐CoA reductase enzyme which contains atorvastatin in crystal structure. The analysis of docking studies revealed that statin derivative ligands are more appropriate for inhibition of HMG‐CoA reductase. To define the contribution of the molecular properties to the binding of ligands to enzyme structure; the highest occupied molecular orbitals‐lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, hardness, electronegativity, and chemical potential properties of ligands have best score in their sets calculated by quantum mechanical tools.
Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction of pressure‐induced reversible structure change in K2OsO2(OH)4
Authors: Tang Qiqi , Liu Shan , Wu Binbin , Zhang Feng , Lei Li 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHigh‐pressure structural evolution of K2OsO2(OH)4, a potassium osmate dihydrate, has been studied by high‐pressure Raman spectroscopy and angle dispersive X‐ray diffraction. A pressure‐induced reversible structure change is observed at approximately 8 GPa, evidenced by the splitting of Raman modes and the addition of X‐ray diffraction peaks. The splitting of phonon generally occurs in the Raman modes with smaller Grüneisen parameters. The pressure‐induced structural change is correlated with the relatively isolated arrangement of Os–O polyhedron. In addition, the zero‐pressure bulk modulus B0 = 46(1) GPa and zero‐pressure Grüneisen parameters γ of K2OsO2(OH)4 are given and discussed.
Giant kelp microbiome altered in the presence of epiphytes
Authors: James Anna K. , English Chance J. , Nidzieko Nicholas J. , Carlson Craig A. , Wilbanks Elizabeth G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCharacterizing patterns in the microbial communities associated with canopy‐forming kelps is critical to understanding the mechanisms shaping macroalgal microbiomes. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we characterized bacterial and archaeal communities associated with giant kelp in the Santa Barbara Channel. Our results indicate that kelp‐associated microbial communities are altered in the presence of epiphytic bryozoans and reflect changes previously observed in other studies of stressed macroalgae. This observation is indicative of patterns of microbiome disruption (dysbiosis) and opportunistic pathogenesis that may have implications for the health and productivity of foundational species of macroalgae. Our study highlights new patterns in host–microbiome associations and reveals the importance of considering host source and condition when investigating the dynamics of macroalgal microbiomes.
Novel variant inCHRNA4with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes and contribution to precise medicine
Authors: Neng Xiao , Xiao Mao , Yuanlu Chen , Qinyan Li , Li Shu , Zhanyi Song 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundBenign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) or benign rolandic epilepsy is the most common epileptic syndrome in school‐age children. Genetics is an important factor in BECTS pathogenesis, and <10 genes were associated with BECTS. This study aimed to identify novel genetic causes of BECTS.MethodsWe conducted whole‐exome sequencing on a patient with BECTS and validated the findings by Sanger sequencing in a pedigree with three patients.ResultsCHRNA4c.1007G>A was identified in three patients with BECTS in a pedigree. Carbamazepine, which should be carefully used in BECTS, was observed to be effective in the treatment of our atypical BECTS proband based on the molecular diagnosis ofCHRNA4.ConclusionThis is the first study onCHRNA4variant in BECTS, which widened the genetic spectrum of BECTS and contributed to precise medicine in BECTS.
Imagining Musical Place: Race, Heritage, and African American Musical Landscapes
Authors: Mullins Paul R. , Ryan Jordan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIndianapolis, Indiana, once had a rich range of African American music and performance spaces in the city’s segregated near‐Westside, but postwar urban renewal, construction of a university campus, and interstate displacement erased almost all of those venues by the 1970s. In the early twenty‐first century, the city and developers have championed new construction, and many of those projects celebrate jazz history as the heart of the near‐Westside’s heritage. However, the rhetorical valorization of selectively interpreted African American jazz history aspires to rationalize a half‐century of erasures of African American place. Rather than acknowledging the breadth of African American expressive culture in Indianapolis’ near‐Westside, the city’s imagination of jazz essentializes African American expressive culture to serve contemporary economic development and paint jazz as a unifying mechanism across color lines.
The K‐partitioning problem: Formulations and branch‐and‐cut
Authors: Ales Zacharie , Knippel Arnaud 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe K‐partitioning problem consists in partitioning the nodes of a complete graph G = (V, E) with weights on the edges in exactly K clusters such that the sum of the weights of the edges inside the clusters is minimized. For this problem, we propose two node‐cluster formulations adapted from the literature on similar problems as well as two edge‐representative formulations. We introduced the first edge‐representative formulation in a previous work while the second is obtained by adding an additional set of edge variables. We compare the structure of the polytopes of the two edge‐representative formulations and identify a new family of facet‐defining inequalities. The quality of the linear relaxation and the resolution times of the four formulations are compared on various data sets. We provide bounds on the relaxation values of the node‐cluster formulations which may account for their low performances. Finally, we propose a branch‐and‐cut strategy, based on the edge‐representative formulations, which performs even better.
Efficient representation of turbulent flows using data‐enriched finite elements
Authors: Deshmukh Rohit , Shilt Troy , McNamara Jack J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEfficient modal decomposition of high‐dimensional turbulent flow data is an important first step for data reduction, analysis, and low‐dimensional predictive modeling. The conventional modal decomposition techniques, such as proper orthogonal and dynamic mode decompositions, aim to represent the system response using spatially global basis vectors that span a broad spatial domain. A significant challenge facing approaches based on global domain decomposition is the rapid increase in both the amount of training data and the number of modes that must be retained for an accurate representation of convection dominated turbulent flows. An alternative generalized finite element (GFEM) based approach is explored for efficient representation of high‐dimensional fluid flow data. Here, the standard finite element interpolation method is enriched with numerical functions that are learned from a small amount of high‐fidelity training data over spatially localized subdomains. The GFEM approach is demonstrated on a 3D flow past a cylinder at Reynolds number of 100 000 and flows inside a 2D lid‐driven cavity over a range of Reynolds numbers. Compared with a global proper orthogonal decomposition, the GFEM‐based approach increases efficiency in reconstructing the datasets while also substantially reducing the amounts of training
data.
Environmental and trophic determinism of fruit abscission and outlook with climate change in tropical regions
Authors: Tisné Sébastien , Denis Marie , Domonhédo Hubert , Pallas Benoît , Cazemajor Michel , Tranbarger Timothy J. , Morcillo Fabienne 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFruit abscission facilitates the optimal conditions and timing of seed dispersal. Environmental regulation of tropical fruit abscission has received little attention, even though climate change may have its strongest impacts in tropical regions. In this study, oil palm fruit abscission was monitored during multiple years in the Benin Republic to take advantage of the climatic seasonality and the continuous fruit production by this species. An innovative multivariable statistical method was used to identify the best predictors of fruit abscission among a set of climate and ecophysiological variables, and the stage of inflorescence and fruit bunch development when the variables are perceived. The effects of climate scenarios on fruit abscission were then predicted based on the calibrated model. We found complex regulation takes place at specific stages of inflorescence and bunch development, even long before the fruit abscission zone is competent to execute abscission. Among the predictors selected, temperature variations during inflorescence and fruit bunch development are major determinants of the fruit abscission process. Furthermore, the timing of ripe fruit drop is determined by temperature in combination with the trophic status. Finally, climate simulations revealed that the abscission process is robust and is more affected by seasonal variations than by extreme scenarios. Our investigations highlighted the central function of the abscission zone as the sensor of environmental signals during reproductive development. Coupling ecophysiological and statistical modeling was an efficient approach to disentangle this complex environmental regulation.
Comparison of lumbar segmental stabilization and general exercises on clinical and radiologic criteria in grade‐I spondylolisthesis patients: A double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mohammadimajd Elaheh , Lotfinia Iraj , Salahzadeh Zahra , Aghazadeh Nasser , Noras Parisa , Ghaderi Fariba , Poureisa Masoud , Sarbakhsh Parvin , Choopani Rasool 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe effects of different physiotherapy protocols on patients suffering from grade‐I spondylolisthesis have been thus far examined in a limited number of clinical trials. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of lumbar segmental stabilization and general exercises on clinical and radiologic criteria in grade‐I spondylolisthesis patients.MethodsThis study was a double‐blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a test–retest design and parallel groups. A total of 26 patients with grade‐I spondylolisthesis were thus randomly assigned to experimental group (13 patients, lumbar segmental stabilization exercises) and control group (13 patients, general exercises). Subsequently, pain, functional disability, kinesiophobia, translational motion, angular motion and slip percentage of the vertebra were investigated.ResultsOf the 120 people recruited in this study, only 26 patients were eligible. According to pre/post‐intervention comparison, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the experimental group in terms of pain (p = 0.000), functional disability (p = 0.004), kinesiophobia (p = 0.002), translational motion (p = 0.043) and angular motion (p = 0.011), but not for slip percentage (p = 0.122). Considering the control group, a statistically significant decline was reported for pain (p = 0.043) and functional disability (p = 0.002). However, no significant differences were found for other variables in the control group. With regard to inter‐group comparison, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the given variables except for kinesiophobia (p = 0.040).ConclusionBoth lumbar segmental stabilization and general exercises led to reduction in pain and functional disability of patients with grade‐I spondylolisthesis. Therefore, lumbar segmental stabilization exercises seemed to be better than general ones with reference to improving kinesiophobia and intervertebral movements.
Synthesis, X‐Ray Structures, and Fluxional Properties of Symmetrical, Asymmetrical Binuclear and Cubane Type Copper(I) Complexes Bearing the Pyrrole‐Based P, N‐Hetero Donor Ligand
Authors: Das Sanghamitra , Subramaniyan Vasudevan , Mondal Munmun , Mani Ganesan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe 1 : 1 reaction between 2‐(3,5‐dimethylpyrazolylmethyl)‐5‐(diphenylphosphinomethyl)pyrrole L and CuX (X=Cl, and Br) in THF afforded the symmetrical binuclear copper(I) complexes [Cu(μ‐X){μ‐C4H2NH‐2‐(CH2PPh2)‐5‐(CH2Me2pz)‐κ2P,N}]2, having one type of copper environment. When X=I, the asymmetrical complex having two copper environments was isolated, in addition to the symmetrical complex as crystals. Interestingly, the 1 : 2 ratio reaction between L and CuCl gave a distorted cubane type complex [Cu4Cl4{μ‐C4H2NH‐2‐(CH2PPh2)‐5‐(CH2Me2pz)‐κ2P,N}2], while the CuBr and CuI reactions did not give similar cubane complexes. Conversely, the 2 : 1 (L : Cu) ratio reactions using CuX (X=Cl, Br and I) in THF suggest the formation of four coordinate bis‐chelated copper(I) complex of the type [CuL2]+ in solution, in addition to the binuclear complexes. The X‐ray solid state structures of [CuL2X2] (X=Br and I) are retained in solution, in contrast to its chloride derivative giving two signals in 31P{1H} NMR spectrum. The formation of the binuclear complexes from [CuL2]+ and their equilibria were shown by variable temperature NMR, 31P{1H} 2D NOESY and HRMS studies. In addition, the reaction of L with [Cu(CH3CN)4]BF4 gave yet another binuclear complex [Cu2L2][BF4]2 which was characterized by spectroscopic methods. This study lends support for the hemilability of L.
Selective isolation of epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate from green tea
Authors: Aytaç Ezgi , Sökmen Münevver 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEpigallocatechin‐3‐gallate is a primary bioactive constituent part of green tea that has preservative influence on human health. Due to the small amounts and high expenditure of trading epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate, it is necessary to improve a trade‐operational and influential preliminary method to purify epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate from natural funds. This study suggests that the polyamide column separation is a simple method for large‐scale separation and purification of epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate from green tea for food applications. The most important innovation in this study is that high standard yield and high purity epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate are obtained from polyamide column after catechin mixture is obtained by supercritical fluid extraction. The purity of caffeine is checked with thin‐layer chromatography and high performance thin‐layer chromatography the resulting decaffeinated catechin mixture is isolated on polyamide support column using ethanol: water mixture as eluent. Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate is isolated from the mixture as pure. The pure epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate is obtained starting with a mixture of 75% ethanol and 25% water elution.
Composition of browses consumed by Matschie's tree kangaroo (Dendrolagus matschiei) sampled from home ranges in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Dierenfeld Ellen S. , Okena Daniel Solomon , Paul Oliver , Dabek Lisa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTwenty‐six samples (n = 24 spp.) of foods eaten, including ferns, shrubs, vines, orchids, herbaceous plants, and tree leaves, were collected from the Yopno, Uruwa, and Som Conservation Area at approximately 1,800 m altitude on the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Samples were weighed fresh in the field and transported to the Lae National Herbarium in PNG for drying and confirmed identification, before transporting to the US for analysis of primary nutrient composition and minerals. Water content averaged 76 ± 10% (mean ± standard deviation); on a dry matter (DM) basis, foods averaged moderate protein (11 ± 5%), and soluble carbohydrate (27 ± 8%) content, along with exceptionally low starch (1 ± 1%) and crude fat (3 ± 2%) values, and moderate to high values in fiber fractions (neutral detergent fiber 52 ± 13%, acid detergent fiber 39 ± 10%, lignin 15 ± 6%). Calculated metabolizable energy content of native forages averaged 1.9 ± 0.3 Mcal/kg DM (ruminant model). Macromineral concentrations (DM basis) were not exceptional (calcium 1.1 ± 1.0%, phosphorus 0.2 ± 0.1%, magnesium 0.3 ± 0.2%, potassium 1.8 ± 0.9%, sodium 0.02 ± 0.02%), and select trace minerals were within anticipated ranges for herbivores (copper 12 ± 13 mg/kg, iron 48 ± 26 mg/kg, zinc 34 ± 18 mg/kg) with the exception of manganese (268 ± 225 mg/kg), which could be considered on the high end of dietary adequacy for most herbivores. These data provide useful information that can be used to adjust nutrient targets for dietary development and feeding management of captive populations of tree kangaroos.