bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circular RNA SMARCA5 may serve as a tumor suppressor in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tong Suiju 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the correlation of circular RNA SMARCA5 (circ‐SMARCA5) expression with clinicopathological characteristics and survival profiles, furthermore, to explore the function of circ‐SMARCA5 on regulating cell proliferation and chemotherapy sensitivity in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsA total of 460 NSCLC patients were retrospectively reviewed, and circ‐SMARCA5 expressions in tumor tissue and adjacent tissue were detected by RT‐qPCR. Clinical characteristics were collected. Disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. In vitro, circ‐SMARCA5 overexpression and control overexpression plasmids were transfected into NCI‐H1437 as well as NCI‐H1299 cells, which were further treated with different concentrations of cisplatin and gemcitabine.ResultsCirc‐SMARCA5 expression was decreased in tumor tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Moreover, circ‐SMARCA5 expression negatively correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage, but positively correlated with DFS and OS. Subsequent analysis displayed that circ‐SMARCA5 high expression independently predicted prolonged DFS and OS. In vitro, circ‐SMARCA5 expression was reduced in NSCLC cell lines (NCI‐H650, NCI‐H1299, NCI‐H1437, and A549) compared to human normal lung bronchus epithelial cell line (BEAS‐2B). In NCI‐H1437 and NCI‐H1299 cells, cell proliferation was decreased by circ‐SMARCA5 overexpression, furthermore, chemosensitivity to cisplatin and gemcitabine were enhanced in circ‐SMARCA5 overexpression treated cells compared to the control cells.ConclusionCirc‐SMARCA5 may serve as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC, which provides insight to the exploration of novel strategies in NSCLC management.
The Shc protein Rai enhances T‐cell survival under hypoxia
Authors: Criscuoli Mattia , Ulivieri Cristina , Filippi Irene , Monaci Sara , Guerrini Giuditta , Crifò Bianca , De Tommaso Domiziana , Pelicci Giuliana , Baldari Cosima T. , Taylor Cormac T. , Carraro Fabio , Naldini Antonella 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHypoxia occurs in physiological and pathological conditions. T cells experience hypoxia in pathological and physiological conditions as well as in lymphoid organs. Indeed, hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) affects T cell survival and functions. Rai, an Shc family protein member, exerts pro‐survival effects in hypoxic neuroblastoma cells. Since Rai is also expressed in T cells, we here investigated its role in hypoxic T cells. In this work, hypoxia differently affected cell survival, proapoptotic, and metabolic programs in T cells, depending upon Rai expression. By using Jurkat cells stably expressing Rai and splenocytes from Rai−/−mice, we demonstrated that Rai promotes T cell survival and affects cell metabolism under hypoxia. Upon exposure to hypoxia, Jurkat T cells expressing Rai show (a) higher HIF‐1α protein levels; (b) a decreased cell death and increased Akt/extracellular‐signal‐regulated kinase phosphorylation; (c) a decreased expression of proapoptotic markers, including caspase activities and poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase cleavage; (d) an increased glucose and lactate metabolism; (e) an increased activation of nuclear factor‐kB pathway. The opposite effects were observed in hypoxic splenocytes from Rai−/−mice. Thus, Rai plays an important role in hypoxic signaling and may be relevant in the protection of T cells against hypoxia.
Learning curve for mastery of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection: Perspectives from a large Japanese cohort
Authors: Zorron Cheng Tao Pu Leonardo , Yamamura Takeshi , Nakamura Masanao , Esaki Masaya , Kaosombatwattana Uayporn , Rodriguez Miguel R , Edwards Suzanne , Burt Alastair D , Singh Rajvinder , Hirooka Yoshiki , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: January 2020

Background and AimEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a challenging procedure. A dissection speed of ≥9 cm2/h has been acknowledged as a mark for expertise, alongside a complication rate of ≤5% and en bloc resection rate of ≥90%. However, there is lack of objective information on whether the three measures correlate with each other. This study aims to evaluate the dissection speed, safety, and efficacy of colorectal ESDs performed by experts and trainees.MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing colorectal ESD at a Japanese hospital (2006–2017) were included in a prospectively collected database. Information on patient demographics, proceduralist, and intra‐/postprocedure data was retrieved. The primary outcome was the comparison in dissection speed. The secondary outcomes included differences in safety and efficacy. Log‐linear regression models adjusted for confounders (e.g. R0 resection) were used to assess the differences in dissection speed.ResultsFive hundred ninety procedures (514 patients) performed by 26 endoscopists were analyzed. Experts performed a higher number of difficult lesions (e.g. F2 fibrosis) but achieved higher dissection speed (10.3 vs 6.7 cm2/h). The difference was statistically significant for both unadjusted and adjusted models (P < 0.0001). The en bloc resection rates were similar for both groups (experts = 95.6%; trainees = 94.7%, P = 0.61). Although nonexperts damaged more of the muscularis propria (18.6 vs 12.5%, P = 0.04), this did not translate into a significant difference in perforation (experts = 3.7%; trainees = 6.9%, P = 0.09) or delayed bleeding (experts = 2.9%; trainees = 4.4%, P = 0.34). The dissection speed steadily increased with expertise.ConclusionAlthough dissection speed for colorectal ESD was significantly higher for experts, ESDs could be safely and efficaciously performed by ESD trainees.
A sensitive fluorescent sensor based on the photoinduced electron transfer mechanism for cefixime and ctDNA
Authors: Yang Cheng‐Zhang , Liu Yong‐Chang , Xu Cheng , Bai Ai‐Min , Hu Yan‐Jun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCefixime is a third generation orally administered cephalosporin that is frequently used as a broad spectrum antibiotic against various gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria. In this study, a simple and sensitive fluorescent sensor for the determination of the cefixime and ctDNA was established based on the CdTe:Zn2+ quantum dots (QDs). The fluorescence of CdTe:Zn2+ QDs can be effectively quenched by cefixime in virtue of the surface binding of cefixime on CdTe:Zn2+ QDs and the subsequent photoinduced electron transfer process from CdTe:Zn2+ QDs to cefixime, in particular, the high sensitivity of QDs fluorescence emission to cefixime at the micromole per liter level, which render the cefixime‐CdTe:Zn2+ QDs system into fluorescence “OFF” status, then turn on in the presence of ctDNA. Furthermore, the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of characteristic bands of C–N and N–H groups of cefixime endow evidence for the interaction of cefixime with CdTe:Zn2+ QDs. The relative electrochemical behavior of the affinity of CdTe:Zn2+ QDs for cefixime and ctDNA reveals the potential molecular binding mechanism.
Characterization of volatile metabolites formed by molds on barley by mass and ion mobility spectrometry
Authors: Erler Alexander , Riebe Daniel , Beitz Toralf , Löhmannsröben Hans‐Gerd , Grothusheitkamp Daniela , Kunz Thomas , Methner Frank‐Jürgen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe contamination of barley by molds on the field or in storage leads to the spoilage of grain and the production of mycotoxins, which causes major economic losses in malting facilities and breweries. Therefore, on‐site detection of hidden fungus contaminations in grain storages based on the detection of volatile marker compounds is of high interest. In this work, the volatile metabolites of 10 different fungus species are identified by gas chromatography (GC) combined with two complementary mass spectrometric methods, namely, electron impact (EI) and chemical ionization at atmospheric pressure (APCI)‐mass spectrometry (MS). The APCI source utilizes soft X‐radiation, which enables the selective protonation of the volatile metabolites largely without side reactions. Nearly 80 volatile or semivolatile compounds from different substance classes, namely, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, substituted aromatic compounds, alkenes, terpenes, oxidized terpenes, sesquiterpenes, and oxidized sesquiterpenes, could be identified. The profiles of volatile and semivolatile metabolites of the different fungus species are characteristic of them and allow their safe differentiation. The application of the same GC parameters and APCI source allows a simple method transfer from MS to ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), which permits on‐site analyses of grain stores. Characterization of IMS yields limits of detection very similar to those of APCI‐MS. Accordingly, more than 90% of the volatile metabolites found by APCI‐MS were also detected in IMS. In addition to different fungus genera, different species of one fungus genus could also be differentiated by GC‐IMS.
Human cytomegalovirus infection in Iranian glioma patients correlates with aging and tumor aggressiveness
Authors: Maleki Faezeh , Sadigh Zohreh‐Azita , Sadeghi Farzin , Muhammadnejad Ahad , Farahmand Mohammad , Parvin Mahmoud , Shirkoohi Reza 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV), as a ubiquitous and opportunistic virus, is a matter for consideration in broad‐spectrum diseases, specifically in immunocompromised individuals. In recent decades, many studies that have evaluated the role of HCMV in inflammation and malignancies, especially in high‐grade gliomas, have reported inconsistent results. Thus, this study was conducted to analyze 97 primary gliomas for human CMV UL83 gene and protein through TaqMan real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The results were positive for the UL83 gene and pp65 protein in 71% and 24% of samples, respectively. The frequency of HCMV was significantly higher in glioblastomas than other glioma grades (P < .01 and P < .05 for the UL83 gene and protein, respectively). In addition, the association between the prevalence of HCMV and aging strengthened the virus reactivation hypothesis in gliomas. In conclusion, a high frequency of HCMV infection was found in gliomas that correlated with tumor aggressiveness and age. This study recommends a thorough investigation to determine HCMV infection in gliomas to improve the existing knowledge of its role in glial tumors, its prognostic value, and possible efficient antiviral target therapy.
Consequences of HLA‐associated mutations in HIV‐1 subtype C Nef on HLA‐I downregulation ability
Authors: Mann Jaclyn K. , Rajkoomar Erasha , Jin Steven W. , Mkhize Qiniso , Baiyegunhi Omolara , Mbona Pholisiwe , Brockman Mark A. , Ndung'u Thumbi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIdentification of CD8+ T lymphocyte (CTL) escape mutations that compromise the pathogenic functions of the Nef protein may be relevant for an HIV‐1 attenuation‐based vaccine. Previously, HLA‐associated mutations 102H, 105R, 108D, and 199Y were individually statistically associated with decreased Nef‐mediated HLA‐I downregulation ability in a cohort of 298 HIV‐1 subtype C infected individuals. In the present study, these mutations were introduced by site‐directed mutagenesis into different patient‐derived Nef sequence backgrounds of high similarity to the consensus C Nef sequence, and their ability to downregulate HLA‐I was measured by flow cytometry in a CEM‐derived T cell line. A substantial negative effect of 199Y on HLA‐I downregulation and Nef expression was observed, while 102H and 105R displayed negative effects on HLA‐I downregulation ability and Nef expression to a lesser extent. The total magnitude of CTL responses in individuals harboring the 199Y mutation was lower than those without the mutation, although this was not statistically significant. Overall, a modest positive relationship between Nef‐mediated HLA‐I downregulation ability and total magnitude of CTL responses was observed, suggesting that there is a higher requirement for HLA‐I downregulation with increased CTL pressure. These results highlight a region of Nef that could be targeted by vaccine‐induced CTL to reduce HLA‐I downregulation and maximize CTL efficacy.
Chimeric oncolytic Ad5/3 virus replicates and lyses ovarian cancer cells through desmoglein‐2 cell entry receptor
Authors: Kuryk Lukasz , Møller Anne‐Sophie W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDespite new therapies, the estimated 229 875 women living with ovarian cancer have a 5‐year survival rate of 47.6%. This cavity‐localized cancer lends itself to local administration of modalities, such as the oncolytic adenovirus (Ad) Ad5/3‐D24‐granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor virus (ONCOS‐102). Its repeated administration to a patient with chemotherapy‐refractory ovarian cancer induced CD8+ antitumor immune responses with the overall survival reaching 40 months. Here we probe the dominant receptor used by ONCOS‐102 in four established epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines. Ad3 can use the desmoglein‐2 (DSG2) and CD46 receptors on susceptible cells. DSG2 was nearly absent in A2780 cells but was expressed in more than 90% of OAW42, OVCAR3, and OV‐90 cells. After 96 hours, ONCOS‐102 treatment showed significant oncolytic activity (≧50%) in OAW42, OVCAR3, and OV‐90 cells, but minimal activity in A2780 cells, suggesting DSG2 as the dominant receptor for ONCOS‐102. Furthermore, retrospective analyses of phase I clinical trial of ONCOS‐102 treatment of 12 patients with varied tumors indicated a correlation between viral genomes in blood and DSG2 RNA expression. These data support the role of DSG2 expression on cancer cells in virus infectivity and the continued development of ONCOS‐102 for ovarian cancer treatment.
Of discovery and dread: The importance of work challenges for international business travelers' thriving and global role turnover intentions
Authors: Dimitrova Mihaela 
Published: January 2020

SummaryAs frequent travel across international borders has become common for an ever‐increasing number of workers, it is essential to understand what helps these international business travelers (IBTs) thrive and embrace their global work responsibilities. This study's purpose is to examine the role of developmental opportunities (i.e., work role challenges) in helping IBTs see frequent travel as a predominantly beneficial experience. By integrating two theories of motivation—conservation of resources theory and the challenge‐hindrance demands framework—I build a moderated mediation model of IBTs' intent to cease their global work responsibilities (i.e., global role turnover intentions). Using latent moderated structural equation modeling, I test the model on a sample of 204 IBTs collected at two time points. Results show that, through the psychological state of thriving at work, travel frequency has a negative indirect association with IBTs' global role turnover intentions when IBTs' work roles are challenging and a positive association when their work lacks challenge. This is primarily the case regarding the challenge of being responsible for others at work. The novelty of IBTs' work tasks is also a salient challenge but to a lesser extent. This study contributes to literatures on global work, work role design, and thriving.
Transcriptome analysis reveals delaying of the ripening and cell‐wall degradation of kiwifruit by hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Lin Xiaocui , Yang Rui , Dou Yuan , Zhang Wei , Du Huaying , Zhu Liqin , Chen Jinyin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a known signaling molecule in plants, which has the ability to delay fruit ripening. Our previous studies have shown that H2S treatment could delay the maturation of kiwifruits by inhibiting ethylene production, improving protective enzyme activities, and decreasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species to protect the cell membrane during storage. The mechanism related to the way in which H2S affected kiwifruit maturation was still unclear. We performed transcriptome sequencing to explore the influences of H2S on the softening of kiwifruit.RESULTSThe firmness and the soluble solids content (SSC) of the kiwifruit were significantly better maintained with H2S treatment compared to the control during the storage period (P < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that degradation of the cell wall was inhibited after H2S treatment. Based on transcriptome data analysis and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), expression levels of endo‐1,4‐β‐glucanase (β‐glu), β‐galactosidase (β‐gal) and pectinesterase (PME) decreased whereas pectinesterase inhibitor (PMEI) significantly increased in response to H2S. The members of the signal transduction pathway involved in ethylene were also identified. Hydrogen sulfide inhibited the expression of ethylene receptor 2 (ETR2), ERF003, ERF5, and ERF016, and increased the expression of ethylene‐responsive transcription factor 4 (ERF4) and ERF113.CONCLUSIONHydrogen sulfide could delay the ripening and senescence of kiwifruit by regulating the cell‐wall degrading enzyme genes and affecting ethylene signal transduction pathway genes. Our results revealed the effect of H2S treatment on the softening of kiwifruit at the transcription level, laying a foundation for further research. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A Bibliometric Analysis of Citation Classics in the Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine
Authors: Balica Adrian , Kohut Adrian , Tsai Te‐Jung , Groszmann Yvette S. , Brandt Justin S. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesA bibliometric analysis of articles in the Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine (JUM) identified the journals’ most impactful articles.MethodsA bibliometric analysis of citation classics that were published in the JUM from its inception in 1982 to 2019 was performed. All citation classics, defined as articles cited 100 or more times, were evaluated for the number of citations, citations per year, publication year, subspecialty, design, and country of origin. Characteristics were compared before and after 1998 by the Mann‐Whitney test for unpaired data and 2‐sample z tests of sample proportions. The Kruskal‐Wallis test for nonparametric continuous data was used to compare the median number of citations per year by decade of publication.ResultsA total of 7868 articles were published in the JUM between 1982 and 2019; 54 (0.7%) were citation classics. The median citation classics year of publication was 1998 (interquartile range [IQR], 1991–2003). Most citation classics originated from the United States (36 of 54 [66.7%]), were observational (47 of 54 [87%]), and were related to obstetric and gynecologic topics (16 of 54 [29.6%]). Citation classics after 1998 received significantly more citations per year (9.3 versus 4.7; P < .001), with no other differences noted. The median number of citations per year increased for each decade, with medians of 4 citations (IQR, 3.6–4.7) in 1982 to 1991 and 11.2 citations (IQR, 9–13.9) in 2002 to 2012 (P < .001).ConclusionsThis list provides insight into the most influential articles that were published in the JUM. Most citation classics were observational, were from the United States, and covered obstetric and gynecologic topics. Citation classics received more citations per year after 1998.
Brainstem Ventilatory Dysfunction: A Plausible Mechanism for Dyspnea in Parkinson's Disease?
Authors: Vijayan Srimathy , Singh Bhajan , Ghosh Soumya , Stell Rick , Mastaglia Frank L 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDyspnea is an under‐recognized and debilitating symptom that is reported in up to 40% of patients with Parkinson's disease and may have multiple origins. Despite its frequency, it is poorly researched, and there is a general lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of dyspnea and respiratory dysfunction in PD. Consequently, a number of PD patients are labelled as having “unexplained dyspnea.” Studies to date have focused mainly on evaluating ventilatory capacity and lung volumes, and little is known about the effects of the disease on the medullary and pontine ventilatory control centers within the brainstem. This is of particular relevance in view of neuropathological studies demonstrating early involvement of the dorsal medulla and other brainstem structures by the disease process. The possibility that impaired brainstem ventilatory control is a contributory mechanism for dyspnea and could be a premotor manifestation in some PD patients therefore warrants further attention. This review focuses on clinical, pathological, and experimental evidence for the involvement of brainstem respiratory centers in PD. We highlight the need for further research, particularly in PD patients with unexplained dyspnea. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Genetic and clinical analysis in Chinese patients with retinitis pigmentosa caused by EYS mutations
Authors: Sun Yan , Li Jian‐kang , He Wei , Wang Zhuo‐shi , Bai Jin‐yue , Xu Ling , Xing Bo , Zhang Jian‐guo , Wang Lusheng , Li Wei , Chen Fang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPanel‐based targeted exome sequencing was applied to identify the pathogenic variants and genetic characteristics of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in two Chinese families, and to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between clinical manifestations and genotypes.MethodsA total of 17 subjects, comprising two probands (total patients: four subjects) and their family member, were recruited in this study. All subjects underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and clinical evaluations, and the complete history and medical records were collected according to the standard procedures. All participants were screened using the multigene panel test (Target_Eye_792_V2 chip), and Sanger sequencing was used to confirm the candidate variants.ResultsAmong these two families, a total of three novel mutations in the EYS gene were identified in patients, including a homozygous frameshift mutation c.9252_9253insT detected in two patients in one family, and the compound heterozygous splicesite mutation c.5644+2T>C and frameshift mutation c.1920_1923delTGAG detected in two patients in the another family. All patients in both families had early onset of night blindness and poor visual acuity, and with typical posterior capsule opacification. The mutation co‐segregated within all recruited individuals. In addition, one patient with compound heterozygous mutations was found to have typical blue‐blindness symptoms and detected a previously reported disease‐causing mutation c.235G>A in OPN1SW gene, which caused blue blindness manifestations and was first discovered in patient combined with RP causative genes.ConclusionsPanel‐based targeted exome sequencing was used to identify three novel variants of RP causative gene, and we also detected a known pathogenic variants of blue‐blindness causative genes in two patients. Our finding will provide a powerful basis for genetic counseling and enhance our current understanding of the genetics factors for RP families.