bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting the use of social networks in pneumonia
Authors: Cillóniz Catia , Greenslade Leith , Dominedò Cristina , Garcia-Vidal Carolina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Pneumonia is a serious health concern, but it does not attract the attention it warrants. Perhaps this is due to a lack of understanding of the real extent of this infectious disease in the general population.

Methods
A literature review was performed to assess the role of social networks as a means to raise awareness over pneumonia worldwide and increase its visibility.

Results
In 2017, approximately 800,000 children under 5 years and approximately one million older people died of pneumonia. The importance of this pathology remains underestimated, despite the publication of many articles, comments, and editorials dedicated to rectifying the imbalance and to reduce its impact and associated mortality. Current misperceptions about pneumonia are alarming. Education and awareness are essential in the fight against this major public health threat; in this endeavor, social networks can be used to distribute science-based information about the disease and thus raise awareness among the general public about the dangers it poses. Approximately 3.8 billion people were using social media at the beginning of 2020, representing more than half of the world’s population.

Conclusion
Social networks offer a valuable tool for disseminating scientific information about pneumonia, increasing its visibility, and in general raising awareness about this preventable disease.
Hormetic effects of mild heat stress on the primary culture of mouse prefrontal cerebrocortical neurons
Authors: Mane Narayan R. , Gajare Kavita A. , Deshmukh Ashish A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Hormesis is an adaptive response of a biological system to low dose of stressors. It exerts beneficial effects to enable the cells and organisms to sustain the unfavourable conditions. Mild heat stress is one of the widely studied hormetic agents having antiageing and lifespan prolonging effects. In order to study the effect of mild heat stress on the primary culture of mouse prefrontal cerebrocortical neurons with reference to ageing-associated degenerative alterations the present investigations were carried out.

Study design
The prefrontal cerebrocortical neurons of E17 day mouse embryo were cultured on poly-l-lysine coated coverslips and fed with neurobasal medium supplemented with B-27 at 37 °C and 5% CO2. The neurons were divided into two groups: control group and mild heat stress group. The neurons from the control group were incubated at 37 °C without any heat stress. The neurons from the mild heat stress group were subjected to hyperthermic stress of 38 °C for 30 min on 2nd, 4th and 6th day of seeding.

Methods
On the 3rd, 5th and 7th day of incubation, viability was studied by calcein-AM and propidium iodide assay and cell death assay was carried out by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay. The surviving neurons were enumerated on 10th, 15th and 20th day of incubation by live cell imaging. All microscopic studies were carried out by observer blinding.

Results
It was observed that there was higher percentage of viable neurons and lower percentage of degenerating neurons in the mild heat stress group than the control. The difference was highly significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Mild heat stress (38 °C for 30 min on every alternate day up to 6 days of incubation) exerts hormetic effects on the primary culture of mouse prefrontal cerebrocortical neurons by delaying the degenerative alterations.
Induction of gonadal sex reversal in adult gonochorist teleost by chemical treatment: an examination of the changing paradigm
Authors: Imiuwa Maurice Eghosa 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Gonochorist teleosts are teleosts in which individuals develop either as males or as females, and are sexually stable thereafter throughout ontogeny. However, there is a labile period, defined as the time period prior to hatching through juvenile stage before sexual maturation (adulthood), during which gonadal sex differentiation can be influenced by environmental conditions, including exogenous chemical treatments. Usually, during this period, depending on the nature of chemical treatment, gonadal sex can be reversed from one phenotypic sex to another. A number of chemicals, ranging especially from sex steroids (natural and synthetic) to the more recent one, aromatase inhibitors, have been employed for the purpose of sex reversal in different gonochorist teleost species during the labile period. Thus, the labile period requirement for treatment application before adulthood in order to achieve gonadal sex reversal in gonochorist teleost is well founded. Interestingly, however, some degree of gonadal bipotentiality has recently been reported with mixed findings in adults of certain gonochorist teleost species upon treatment with exogenous chemicals, especially aromatase inhibitors. Consequently, it is now widely thought that gonochorist teleost species are amenable to chemical-induced gonadal sex reversal after sexual maturity.

Method
Here, all studies on chemical-induced gonadal sex reversal in adult gonochorist teleosts were reviewed.

Results
Data strongly suggest that there are certain gonochorist teleost species in which adults may not be amenable to gonadal sex reversal through 17β-estradiol depletion by aromatase inhibitors and that the generalization of chemical-induced gonadal sex reversal remains to be experimentally determined in adult gonochorist teleost.

Conclusion
It was concluded that further studies are required for clarification, considering, among others, that population-level effect models of these chemicals on wild fish populations are based on the understanding that environmental sex reversal occurs only during development and not after sexual maturity.
Isolated subtle asymmetric slowing on EEG leading to a diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis
Authors: Aldabbour Belal , El-Salem Khalid , Aqaileh Suha , Obiedat Deema , Qasaimeh Mohammad , Al Qawasmeh Majdi , Al-Mistarehi Abdel-Hameed , Yassin Ahmed 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Autoimmune encephalitis presents with subacute neurological, psychiatric, and behavioral symptoms. In many cases, MRI and CSF studies return normal. Laboratory testing for pathogenic neuronal antibodies is limited by accessibility and sensitivity issues. Finally, the different diagnostic approaches lack consensus and have until recently been largely retrospective. Collectively, these factors predispose for delays in diagnosis and treatment in many cases.

Case presentation
We describe the case of a 42-year-old woman who did not initially meet the newly proposed criteria for probable autoimmune encephalitis, but in whom the detection on electroencephalogram (EEG) of subtle asymmetric slowing of the left hemisphere ultimately led to the diagnosis.

Discussion
EEG is highly sensitive and rarely normal in encephalitis. The recently introduced diagnostic criteria for autoimmune encephalitis included new-onset seizures in the earliest steps in the algorithm but did not yet incorporate EEG findings. We encourage practicing physicians to use EEG as an early, sensitive diagnostic tool for cases suspected to have autoimmune encephalitis.
Adult-onset portosystemic encephalopathy caused by patent ductus venosus successfully treated with endovascular coil embolization: a rare case report
Authors: Muranishi Hiromi , Komura Yasuo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Patent ductus venosus (PDV) is a congenital shunt between the portal vein (PV) and inferior vena cava (IVC). However, there are few reports on symptomatic adult-onset PDV, and the appropriate management of this condition remains unknown. In particular, there are few reports on the use of endovascular therapy for the treatment of patients with symptomatic adult-onset PDV. However, the strategies, indications, long-term efficacy, and safety of this therapy remain poorly understood. Here we report a rare case of adult-onset PDV successfully treated via endovascular coil embolization using a retrievable IVC filter.

Case presentation
A 35-year-old man with a clinical course of progressive general fatigue and ataxia for 3 months was diagnosed with depressive personality disorder in another hospital 2 months ago and then referred to our hospital for detailed examination and further treatment. Blood test results showed hyperammonemia, indicating hepatic encephalopathy. Contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography and transarterial portography revealed a portosystemic shunt that connected the left PV to IVC. Endovascular coil embolization was successfully performed after temporary balloon occlusion testing and the placement of a retrievable IVC filter. After the procedure, ammonia levels gradually reduced, and his symptoms improved without any postoperative complications. No clinical symptoms were observed at the 6-year clinical follow up.

Conclusion
This report supports the findings of other studies and offers a less invasive therapeutic option, thereby aiding clinicians in making appropriate treatment decisions for these patients.
In silico studies of 2,5-disubstituted furans as active antimalarial drug candidates
Authors: Mahmud Aliyu Wappah , Shallangwa Gideon Adamu , Uzairu Adamu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgrondIn silico studies are essential techniques in the modern medicinal chemistry. QSAR modeling and molecular docking are important techniques in both drug discovery and development and have been successfully deployed in the field of medicinal chemistry for the discovery, design, and development of many drug candidates. These techniques were used in this work to come up with a model that relate 2,5-disubstituted furans with their antiplasmodium activities for the development of more active antimalarial drugs.ResultsPredictive and robust QSAR model was generated using Genetic Function Algorithm. The model was statistically validated to have internal and external squared correlation coefficient,R2of 0.982 and 0.735 respectively; predictive squared correlation coefficient,R2predof 0.599; adjusted squared correlation coefficient,Radjof 0.974; and leave-one-out cross-validation coefficient,Q2cvof 0.966. It was found out that the antiplasmodium activities of 2,5-disubstituted furans relied on the parameters: GATS5c, minsCl RDF130m, RDF75p, and RDF115s descriptors. All the descriptors except minsCl influenced the antiplasmodium activities of the compounds negatively. That is, their increase decreases the activities of the furans and vice versa. The docking study revealed that most of the furans bind more tightly toPlasmodium falciparumlactate dehydrogenase (pfLDH) than chloroquine, but the enzyme may not be their major target.ConclusionInsight into the relationship between 2,5-disubstituted furans and their antiplasmodium activities has been revealed from the results of this work. Therefore, this could serve as a model for designing novel 2,5-disubstituted furans as potential antimalarial drugs with better activities.
Revisiting the five-facet structure of mindfulness
Authors: Karl Johannes Alfons , Fischer Ronald 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe current study aimed to replicate the development of the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) in a sample of 399 undergraduate students. We factor analyzed the Mindful Attention and Awareness Questionnaire (MAAS), the Freiburg Mindfulness Scale, the Southampton Mindfulness Questionnaire (SMQ), the Cognitive Affective Mindfulness Scale Revised (CAMS-R), and the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS), but also extended the analysis by including a conceptually related measure, the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PHLMS), and a conceptually unrelated measure, the Langer Mindfulness Scale (LMS). Overall, we found a partial replication of the five-factor structure, with the exception of non-reacting and non-judging which formed a single factor. The PHLMS items loaded as expected with theoretically related factors, whereas the LMS items emerged as separate factor. Finally, we found a new factor that was mostly defined by negatively worded items indicating possible item wording artifacts within the FFMQ. Our conceptual validation study indicates that some facets of the FFMQ can be recovered, but item wording factors may threaten the stability of these facets. Additionally, measures such as the LMS appear to measure not only theoretically, but also empirically different constructs.
Further results on Parity Combination Cordial Labeling
Authors: Seoud Mohamed , Aboshady Mohamed 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLet G be a (p, q)-graph. Let f be an injective mapping from V(G) to {1, 2, …, p}. For each edge xy, assign the label $$ \left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{x}{y}\right) $$xy or $$ \left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{y}{x}\right) $$yx according as x > y or y > x. Call f a parity combination cordial labeling if |ef(0) − ef(1)| ≤ 1, where ef(0) and ef(1) denote the number of edges labeled with an even number and an odd number, respectively. In this paper we make a survey on all graphs of order at most six and find out whether they satisfy a parity combination cordial labeling or not and get an upper bound for the number of edges q of any graph to satisfy this condition and describe the parity combination cordial labeling for two families of graphs.
Role of mesenchymal stem cells and their culture medium in alleviating kidney injury in rats diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Ibrahim Amal Al-Shahat , Morsy Manal Mohammad , Abouhashem Safwat E. , Aly Omnia , Sabbah Norhan A. , Raafat Nermin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is considered as one of the most serious complications resulting from diabetes mellitus and end-stage of renal failure globally. Up to 40% of diabetic patients will develop DN. The involvement of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in diabetic renal lesions management has been established in many animal models of DN. The aim is to evaluate the capability of MSCs and their culture medium (CM) to alleviate DN in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Female albino rats were made diabetic and were further categorized into 4 subgroups of 15 each: DN group, DN group received fibroblasts, MSCs group received one dose of 1 × 106 cells of MSCs, and CM group received one dose of 500 μl of CM. In all groups, the treatment was delivered by intravenous injection (IV) into the tail vein.

Results
MSCs insinuated themselves into the injured kidney as detected by CD44 expression. Biochemical and histological results showed that MSCs and/or CM effectively attenuated DN manifestations in rat model through their possible anti-inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-β1 were decreased), anti-apoptotic (Bcl2 was increased while Bax and caspases were decreased), and anti-oxidant role (malondialdehyde was decreased while glutathione and catalase were increased).

Conclusion
These results provide a potential therapeutic tool for DN management through the administration of the CM from MSCs that ameliorates the effects of diabetes. It is also possible to treat DN using CM alone thus avoiding cell transplantation.
Periprocedural and clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention of chronic total occlusions in patients with low- and mid-range ejection fractions
Authors: El Awady Waleed Salem , Samy Mohamed , Al-Daydamony Mohammad Mustafa , Abd El Samei Magdy Mohammad , Shokry Khaled Abd El Azim 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe benefit and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to chronic total occlusions (CTO) in patients with low and mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) continue to be evidence limited. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of LVEF in patients undergoing CTO PCI and to evaluate the mid-term clinical outcome of those with low and mid-range LVEF. We assessed the periprocedural and mid-term outcomes of 75 patients undergoing CTO PCIs according to pre-procedural LVEF: group (N), ≥ 50% (normal, nom.= 25); group (M), 40-49% (mid-range, nom.= 25); and group (L), < 40% (low, nom.= 25); within 6 months of follow-up.ResultsThe prevalence of DM and chronic kidney disease (CKD) was significantly higher in low LVEF group (60%,p= 0.04 and 48%,p= 0.01 respectively). Apart from significantly lower contrast volume in patients with low LVEF (p= 0.04), there was no significant difference between the three groups regarding the procedural time, SYNTAX score and J-CTO score. We noticed similar procedural success in the three groups (88% vs. 84% vs. 76%,p= 0.521). LVEF category failed to predict procedural success (OR = 0.652,p= 0.268). There was a highly significant improvement in angina 6 months following intervention in normal LVEF group (pvalue < 0.001). Grade of dyspnea significantly improved 6 months following intervention in mid-range LVEF and low LVEF groups (pvalue = 0.04 and 0.031 respectively). There was no significant difference between the three groups regarding the reported MACCEs (12% vs. 16% vs. 28%,p= 0.268).ConclusionCTO PCI represents an efficient and safe strategy in patients with low and mid-range LVEFs. Mid-term outcomes in these patients were significantly improved following successful CTO PCI, without higher risk of MACCE at 6 months follow-up.
Retrofitting existing buildings to reduce electrical energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission in Nigerian food and beverage industries
Authors: Ogunjuyigbe Ayodeji Samson , Ayodele Temitope Raphael , Ogunmuyiwa Segun Monsur 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFood and Beverage industry is one of the fastest growing manufacturing industries in Nigeria with its attendant carbon emission. In this paper, retrofitting (one of the demand side management (DSM) techniques) is adopted as a strategy to reducing energy consumption and the associated greenhouse gas emission of three selected food and beverages industries in Nigeria. This is achieved by carrying out a walk through energy audit on the selected industries with the aim of reducing their carbon footprint by reducing the electrical energy consumption pattern. Retrofitting exercise involves identification of energy-inefficient electrical equipment within the industry and thereafter replacing them with available identical device but with better energy efficiency. The investment cost for adopting energy efficient technology and its corresponding payback period are estimated. Recommendations for policy documents were proposed based on the study. The energy audit reveals that electric motor, lighting points (lamps) and computer system constitute electrical load that are inefficiently operated within the selected industries. Applying DSM by retrofitting on these components of electrical load reduces the overall electrical energy consumption of the industry by 17%, 20% and 14% for industries A, B and C, respectively. An estimated reduction in CO2 emission of 159,471.2 kg, 139,598.7 kg and 186,696.4 kg is achieved for industries A, B and C, respectively, using the DSM. This paper is useful as it provides scientific information on the need to retrofit inefficient devices in Nigeria industries.
Un Modelo de Gestión para una Empresa de Medicina Prepagada utilizando Dinámica de Sistemas
Authors: Samaniego Guevara Hernan Washington 
Published: May 2020

Contexto: El modelo de gestión empresarial para potencializar el crecimiento de la pequeña y mediana empresa, realizado por el autor de este artículo, sirvió de base para aplicarlo en función de las necesidades específicas de la empresa objeto de estudio (medicina prepagada), determinando para ello las variables específicas para su giro de negocio y conservando otras variables de aplicabilidad general.
Método: Se utilizó la técnica de entrevistas con la alta dirección de la empresa, lo que posibilitó recopilar la información relevante, confiable y correcta. Se consideró que al estudiar un determinado sistema conviene analizar su comportamiento a partir de datos representativos de lo que se espera que sea su funcionamiento habitual y no con datos correspondientes a situaciones extremas. Las entrevistas permitieron determinar las variables necesarias para el modelo realizado.
Resultados: Una vez que se diseñó el modelo fue posible simular resultados en función de los requerimientos puntuales de la empresa, lo que permitió visualizar el impacto que dichos resultados tendrían en la empresa objeto de estudio.
Conclusiones: La conjunción de la metodología de la dinámica de sistemas, las entrevistas, la recopilación de datos históricos, así como también el involucramiento de las leyes que rigen estos negocios en el Ecuador, permitieron la obtención de un producto aplicable y confiable para la organización.
A Meta-Optimization Approach to Solve the Set Covering Problem
Authors: Astorga Gino , Crawford Broderick , Soto Ricardo , Monfroy Eric , García José , Cortes Enrique 
Published: May 2020

Context: In the industry the resources are increasingly scarce. For this reason, we must make a gooduse of it. Being the optimization tools, a good alternative that it is necessary to bear in mind. A realworldproblem is the facilities location being the Set Covering Problem, one of the most used models.Our interest, it is to find solution alternatives to this problem of the real-world using metaheuristics.
Method: One of the main problems which we turn out to be faced on having used metaheuristic is thedifficulty of realizing a correct parametrization with the purpose to find good solutions. This is not aneasy task, for which our proposal is to use a metaheuristic that allows to provide good parameters toanother metaheuristics that will be responsible for resolving the Set Covering Problem.
Results: To prove our proposal, we use the set of 65 instances of OR-Library which also was comparedwith other recent algorithms, used to solve the Set Covering Problem.
Conclusions: Our proposal has proved to be very effective able to produce solutions of good qualityavoiding also have to invest large amounts of time in the parametrization of the metaheuristic responsiblefor resolving the problem.
Procedimiento de Evaluación y Selección de Proveedores basado en el Proceso de Análisis Jerárquico y en un Modelo de Programación Lineal Entera Mixta
Authors: Peña Florez Luis Alfonso , Rodríguez-Rojas Yuber Liliana 
Published: May 2020

Contexto: Las organizaciones en la actualidad deben seleccionar proveedores de forma eficaz para dar una respuesta oportuna a las necesidades de sus clientes y de esta manera garantizar su competitividad. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer un procedimiento para la selección de proveedores vinculando el proceso análisis jerárquico (AHP) y un modelo de programación lineal entera mixta (MILP).
Método: Se efectuó una revisión de literatura en las bases de datos Science Direct, Engineering Information, ProQuest y Scopus, que permitió identificar las técnicas más utilizadas por los académicos, empresarios e investigadores, para la selección de proveedores. Se seleccionaron los modelos matemáticos para el AHP y el MILP. El AHP se realizó por medio de simulación con el método de Montecarlo y el MILP se validó a través de análisis de sensibilidad. En el MILP se usaron los parámetros proporcionados por Ruiz, Mendoza y Ablanedo, el cual se modificó para diferentes cantidades de lotes.
Resultados: Los parámetros que alimentan el modelo MILP se cambiaron por los simulados al realizar el AHP, los cambios realizados a los parámetros demostraron que el modelo matemático es válido. Se logró proponer un procedimiento para la selección de proveedores que mejore la eficacia en la toma de decisiones.
Conclusiones: La selección de proveedores es un aspecto esencial para garantizar la calidad de los productos y servicios proporcionados por las organizaciones, por lo tanto, el procedimiento propuesto proporciona criterios para la toma decisión de los proveedores considerando unidades, capacidades, costos y número de lote.