bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An optogenetic system to control membrane phospholipid asymmetry through flippase activation in budding yeast
Authors: Suzuki Tomomi , Mioka Tetsuo , Tanaka Kazuma , Nagatani Akira 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLipid asymmetry in biological membranes is essential for various cell functions, such as cell polarity, cytokinesis, and apoptosis. P4-ATPases (flippases) are involved in the generation of such asymmetry. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the protein kinases Fpk1p/Fpk2p activate the P4-ATPases Dnf1p/Dnf2p by phosphorylation. Previously, we have shown that a blue-light-dependent protein kinase, phototropin from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (CrPHOT), complements defects in an fpk1Δ fpk2Δ mutant. Herein, we investigated whether CrPHOT optically regulates P4-ATPase activity. First, we demonstrated that the translocation of NBD-labelled phospholipids to the cytoplasmic leaflet via P4-ATPases was promoted by blue-light irradiation in fpk1Δ fpk2Δ cells with CrPHOT. In addition, blue light completely suppressed the defects in membrane functions (such as endocytic recycling, actin depolarization, and apical-isotropic growth switching) caused by fpk1Δ fpk2Δ mutations. All responses required the kinase activity of CrPHOT. Hence, these results indicate the utility of CrPHOT as a powerful and first tool for optogenetic manipulation of P4-ATPase activity.
Antiferromagnetism in perfectly ordered L10-MnAl with stoichiometric composition and its mechanism
Authors: Sato Suguru , Irie Shuichiro , Nagamine Yuki , Miyazaki Takashi , Umeda Yuji 
Published: July 2020

AbstractManganese (Mn)-based strong magnets have long been a challenge because their 3d half-filled nature, owing to the close proximity of Mn atoms, results in antiferromagnetic ordering. Among various Mn magnetic materials, L10-MnAl (τ-phase) has received much attention since it shows ferromagnetism at a high Curie temperature despite the very short Mn–Mn distance. However, because of the difficult synthesis of the stoichiometric and perfectly ordered τ-phase, its intrinsic magnetic properties and mechanism are unclear. Here, we show the first observation of antiferromagnetism, having sixfold magnetic superstructure along the c-axis, in stoichiometric and chemically ordered τ-phase. Moreover, we found that super-exchange interaction between Mn atoms via p-electrons of Al atoms causes antiferromagnetism in τ-phase. The ferromagnetism in the conventional Mn-rich τ-phase results from the suppression of the super-exchange interaction due to the substitution the excess Mn atoms for the Al atoms. The current study of Mn-based magnetic materials mainly focuses on the lattice constant engineering based on the simple Beth-Slater picture of direct exchange. These findings present effective ways to obtain high magnetization without antiferromagnetic ordering.
Eosinophilia and parasitic infestations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Saiphoklang Narongkorn , Chomchoey Chanya 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEosinophilia may guide response to inhaled corticosteroid treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to determine prevalence of eosinophilia and parasitic infestations in these patients. We conducted a prospective cohort study between February 2019 and January 2020 and screened 107 stable COPD patients. A total of 77 subjects (84.4% men) were included. Age was 73.8 ± 8.9 years. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s was 66.5 ± 25.5%. Smoking history was 25.9 ± 18 pack-years. Comorbidities included cardiovascular disease (57.1%). Respiratory symptoms were assessed by modified Medical Research Council dyspnea score (1.6 ± 0.8), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Assessment Test score (9.3 ± 4.9), and 6-min walking distance (317.2 ± 135.2 m). Patients with blood eosinophil count at least 100 cells/μL were 79.2% and at least 300 cells/μL were 33.8%. Intestinal parasites were not found. Significant positive correlations were found between high blood eosinophilia and some post-bronchodilator lung function parameters. In conclusion, eosinophilic COPD was not uncommon. No intestinal parasite was found in this population. This study suggests that stool parasite exam might be omitted for routine practice.Clinicaltrials.in.th Number: TCTR20191129002.
Species richness and beta diversity patterns of multiple taxa along an elevational gradient in pastured grasslands in the European Alps
Authors: Fontana Veronika , Guariento Elia , Hilpold Andreas , Niedrist Georg , Steinwandter Michael , Spitale Daniel , Nascimbene Juri , Tappeiner Ulrike , Seeber Julia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To understand how diversity is distributed in space is a fundamental aim for optimizing future species and community conservation. We examined in parallel species richness and beta diversity components of nine taxonomic groups along a finite space, represented by pastured grasslands along an elevational gradient. Beta diversity, which is assumed to bridge local alpha diversity to regional gamma diversity was partitioned into the two components turnover and nestedness and analyzed at two levels: from the lowest elevation to all other elevations, and between neighboring elevations. Species richness of vascular plants, butterflies, beetles, spiders and earthworms showed a hump-shaped relationship with increasing elevation, while it decreased linearly for grasshoppers and ants, but increased for lichens and bryophytes. For most of the groups, turnover increased with increasing elevational distance along the gradient while nestedness decreased. With regard to step-wise beta diversity, rates of turnover or nestedness did not change notably between neighboring steps for the majority of groups. Our results support the assumption that species communities occupying the same habitat significantly change along elevation, however transition seems to happen continuously and is not detectable between neighboring steps. Our findings, rather than delineating levels of major diversity losses, indicate that conservation actions targeting at a preventive protection for species and their environment in mountainous regions require the consideration of entire spatial settings.
Retrospective study of preoperative chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine versus capecitabine plus oxaliplatin for locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: Yang Xiao-Hui , Li Kai-Guo , Wei Jun-Bao , Wu Chun-Hua , Liang Shi-Xiong , Mo Xian-Wei , Chen Jian-Si , Tang Wei-Zhong , Qu Song 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate whether the addition of oxaliplatin to a neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) regimen could improve survival benefit in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients. We retrospectively analysed 73 LARC patients (cT2-4 and/or cN1-2) who received preoperative CRT with capecitabine followed by surgery (arm A, 43 patients) or capecitabine plus oxaliplatin followed by surgery (arm B, 30 patients). The main endpoints of the study were pathologic complete response (pCR) rate, overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The secondary endpoints included the sphincter preservation rate and safety. The pCR for arms A and B were 28% and 17% (P = 0.267). In arms A and B, the mean OS was 84.287 months (95% CI 68.413–100.160) and 106.333 months (95% CI 99.281–113.386) (P = 0.185); the mean DFS was 72.812 months (95% CI 56.271–89.353) and 95.073 months (95% CI 83.392–106.754) (P = 0.310); and the sphincter preservation rates were 72% and 67%, respectively (P = 0.619). The incidence of grade 3 toxicity was much higher in arm B than in arm A (57% vs. 21%, P = 0.002). Adding oxaliplatin to a preoperative CRT regimen for LARC did not improve the survival benefits of patients or increase toxicity.
3D bioprinting for reconstituting the cancer microenvironment
Authors: Datta Pallab , Dey Madhuri , Ataie Zaman , Unutmaz Derya , Ozbolat Ibrahim T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe cancer microenvironment is known for its complexity, both in its content as well as its dynamic nature, which is difficult to study using two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models. Several advances in tissue engineering have allowed more physiologically relevant three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cancer models, such as spheroid cultures, biopolymer scaffolds, and cancer-on-a-chip devices. Although these models serve as powerful tools for dissecting the roles of various biochemical and biophysical cues in carcinoma initiation and progression, they lack the ability to control the organization of multiple cell types in a complex dynamic 3D architecture. By virtue of its ability to precisely define perfusable networks and position of various cell types in a high-throughput manner, 3D bioprinting has the potential to more closely recapitulate the cancer microenvironment, relative to current methods. In this review, we discuss the applications of 3D bioprinting in mimicking cancer microenvironment, their use in immunotherapy as prescreening tools, and overview of current bioprinted cancer models.
Structure controlled solvatochromism and halochromic fluorescence switching of 2,2′-bipyridine based donor–acceptor derivatives
Authors: Nagarasu Palaniyappan , Kundu Anu , Pitchaimani Jayaraman , Anthony Savarimuthu Philip , Moon Dohyun , Madhu Vedichi 
Published: July 2020

Simple donor–acceptor derivatives were prepared by substituting alicyclic amines into the 2,2′-bipyridine (Bpy) core unit and they exhibited substituent and structure dependent tunable and switchable fluorescence.
Erianin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma cells through down-regulation of PI3K/AKT, p38 and ERK MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Yang Liang , Hu Yue , Zhou Guanbao , Chen Qi , Song Zhenshun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the dominant pathological type of primary liver cancer and no effective methods are available for its treatment. Erianin is a natural product extracted from Dendrobium, which possesses multiple pharmacological activities, including antioxidative and antitumor activity.
Objective: To evaluate the anti-HCC activities of erianin and explore its underlying mechanism.
Methods: MTT assay and Crystal Violet staining assay were used to select the non-toxic concentrations for the subsequent experiments. The colony formation assay and PCNA fluorescent staining were used to investigate the antiproliferative effects of erianin on human SMMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. Wound healing and transwell test were used to analyze cell migration and invasion. Caspase3 and Tunel staining were used to detect apoptosis. Western blot was used to examine the expression levels of proteins associated with invasion and key proteins in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), p38 and ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways.
Results: Erianin inhibited HCC cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Decreased migration rate and invaded cells were observed with erianin supplement. The expression of invasion-associated proteins in the erianin group was also down-regulated. Besides, more apoptotic cells were observed after erianin treatment. For the molecular mechanism, erianin inhibited the phosphorylation of Akt, ERK and P38 in the PI3K/Akt and ERK/P38 pathway.
Conclusion: We demonstrated, for the first time, that erianin inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and induced the apoptosis of HCC through PI3K/Akt, p38 and ERK MAPK signaling pathway, indicating that erianin is a promising agent for the HCC treatment.
Évaluation multicritère des performances socio-économiques et environnementales de systèmes viticoles et de scénarios de transition agroécologique
Authors: Aouadi Nawel , Macary Francis , Alonso Ugaglia Adeline 
Published: July 2020

Le défi majeur du monde agricole aujourd’hui est de réduire de façon drastique l’usage des pesticides tout en maintenant un niveau de rendement, de qualité et de rentabilité satisfaisant. Dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche, nous avons étudié l’usage des produits phytosanitaires dans le Bordelais. Nous avons ensuite évalué les performances des systèmes viticoles existants afin de construire des scénarios de changement de pratiques pour réduire le recours aux pesticides, et préserver l’environnement et la santé humaine. Trente-huit viticulteurs pratiquant différents modes de conduite ont été interrogés. Les systèmes ont été évalués en utilisant deux méthodes d’analyse multicritère d’aide à la décision appartenant à la famille des méthodes ELECTRE : ELECTRE Tri-C et ELECTRE III. Sept critères d’évaluation ont été retenus, dont trois pour les performances socioéconomiques (rentabilité économique, charge de travail, complexité du système viticole) et quatre pour les performances environnementales (pression phytosanitaire, écotoxicité des pesticides, pratiques agroécologiques, niveau de la dérive des produits). Trois scénarios de changement de pratiques ont été construits en intégrant les bonnes pratiques identifiées sur le terrain : un scénario conventionnel raisonné optimisé (scénario Raisonné-Max) ; deux scénarios en démarche agroécologique : Agroécologie (avec usage optimisé de produits de synthèse) et Agroécologie-Bio (sans produits de synthèse). ELECTRE Tri-C a permis d’affecter chaque système viticole ainsi que les trois scénarios dans l’une des quatre catégories prédéfinies de performance. Puis ELECTRE III les a classés dans chaque catégorie. On note une supériorité de la performance socio-éco-environnementale des scénarios agroécologiques et des systèmes biologiques. Cela tient principalement à un niveau de valorisation de la production plus élevé dans ces systèmes et à un niveau de pression phytosanitaire plus faible lié aux pratiques plus favorables au renforcement de la biodiversité. Ces résultats axés sur des démarches concrètes et réalistes constituent des modèles adaptables à des exploitations viticoles conventionnelles.
Multiple Sklerose in Deutschland: aktualisierte Auswertungen des MS-Registers der DMSG 2014–2018
Authors: Flachenecker Peter , Eichstädt Kerstin , Berger Klaus , Ellenberger David , Friede Tim , Haas Judith , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Pöhlau Dieter , Rienhoff Otto , Stahmann Alexander , Zettl Uwe K. 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Unter Federführung der Deutschen Multiple Sklerose Gesellschaft (DMSG), Bundesverband e. V. wurde 2001 ein bundesweites MS-Register initiiert, um epidemiologische Daten zur MS, deren Verlaufsformen und der Versorgungssituation in Deutschland zu erheben. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Auswertung war es, die Daten der letzten Auswertung von vor 10 Jahren zu aktualisieren.
Methodik Zum Stichtag 28. Februar 2018 nahmen 168 Zentren verschiedener Versorgungsbereiche (Universitätskliniken, Akutkliniken, Rehabilitationskliniken und neurologische Praxen) teil. Von 2014 bis 2016 wurde der Wechsel der Dokumentationsplattform zu einem internetbasierten elektronischen Datenerfassungssysstem (EDC) vorgenommen, das eine umfassende Datenerhebung und die Integration verschiedener Dokumentationssysteme erlaubt. Eine Reihe von Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen sichert eine valide und representative Datenerhebung. Um eine möglichst aktuelle Beschreibung der Versorgungssituation zu gewährleisten, wurde die Querschnittsanalyse auf Patientendaten der aktuellsten Visite aus den letzten 4 Jahren beschränkt.
Ergebnisse Daten von 18.030 MS-Betroffenen konnten ausgewertet werden. Das mittlere (± Standardabweichung) Alter betrug 46,3 ± 12,2 Jahre, 72 % der Patienten waren weiblich, im Mittel waren die Patienten 10,6 ± 8,7 Jahre erkrankt, der mediane EDSS lag bei 3,0. Die Mehrzahl der Patienten litt an einem schubförmigen Verlauf (74,2 %), 16,1 % hatten einen sekundär und 5,5 % einen primär progredienten Verlauf. Eine Immuntherapie wurde bei 75,2 % durchgeführt, am häufigsten mit Interferonen, gefolgt von Fingolimod, Glatirameracetat, Dimethylfumarat, Natalizumab und Teriflunomid. Symptomatische Therapiemaßnahmen erhielten zwischen 28,3 % (kognitive Störungen) und 86,0 % (Spastik) der Patienten, die an diesen Symptomen litten. Voll berufstätig waren nur noch 37,5 % der Betroffenen; 22,5 % waren vorzeitig berentet. Die berufliche Leistungsfähigkeit war negativ mit dem Alter und dem Behinderungsgrad assoziiert.
Diskussion Die vorliegende Auswertung des deutschen MS-Registers gibt einen aktuellen Überblick zur MS und deren Versorgungssituation in Deutschland. Die Ergebnisse sprechen für einen günstigeren Verlauf der MS im Lauf der letzten 10 Jahre. Während die Mehrzahl der Patienten mit immunmodulatorischen Substanzen therapiert wird, sind nach wie vor einige Symptome der MS wie Fatigue und kognitive Störungen unzureichend behandelt. Zwar hat die Beschäftigungsrate im Vergleich zu früheren Auswertungen zugenommen; dennoch erfordert der hohe Anteil der vorzeitig Berenteten effektive Maßnahmen, um die funktionellen Einschränkungen der Betroffenen zu verringern und ihnen die Teilhabe am gesellschaftlichen und beruflichen Leben möglichst lange zu ermöglichen.
Origins, Development, Current Challenges and Future Directions with Activated Prothrombin Complex Concentrate for the Treatment of Patients with Congenital Haemophilia with Inhibitors
Authors: Brackmann Hans H. , Schramm Wolfgang , Oldenburg Johannes , Cano Viridiana , Turecek Peter L. , Négrier Claude 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCongenital haemophilia A (HA) is caused by deficiency of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) activity, leading to spontaneous or traumatic bleeding events. While FVIII replacement therapy can treat and prevent bleeds, approximately 30% of patients with severe HA develop inhibitor antibodies that render FVIII replacement therapy ineffective. The bypassing agents (BPAs), activated prothrombin complex concentrate (aPCC) and recombinant activated FVII, first approved in 1977 and 1996, respectively, act to generate thrombin independent of pathways that involve factors IX and VIII. Both may be used in patients with congenital haemophilia and inhibitors (PwHIs) for the treatment and prevention of acute bleeds and quickly became standard of care. However, individual patients respond differently to different agents. While both agents are approved for on-demand treatment and perioperative management for patients with congenital haemophilia with inhibitors, aPCC is currently the only BPA approved worldwide for prophylaxis in PwHI. Non-factor therapies (NFTs) have a mechanism of action distinct from BPAs and have reported higher efficacy rates as prophylactic regimens. Nonetheless, treatment challenges remain with NFTs, particularly regarding the potential for synergistic action on thrombin generation with concomitant use of other haemostatic agents, such as BPAs, for the treatment of breakthrough bleeds and in perioperative management. Concomitant use of NFTs with other haemostatic agents could increase the risk of adverse events such as thromboembolic events or thrombotic microangiopathy. This review focuses on the origins, development and on-going role of aPCC in the evolving treatment landscape in the management of PwHI.
Interactional Response During Infants’ Aquatic
Sessions
Authors: Martins Marta , Costa Aldo , Costa Mario J. , Marinho Daniel A , Barbosa Tiago M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of study was to assess infants’ behaviour during routine swimming
sessions using a naturalistic observation method. The study sample included 14
infants (13.7±7.5 months old) with previous aquatic experience. The
frequency of occurrences per unit of time (session) in the different dimensions
– infant’s motor behaviour and social-affective interaction
– was registered over the course of two sessions by two independent
experts. The behaviours most frequently observed were accompanied displacement
(61.1%) and interaction with others (41.6%). Submersions or
jumps represented only 8.4% of the session. Implementing a child-centred
methodology leads to positive behaviours during this type of sessions,
contributing to the child’s healthy development.
Unacylated Ghrelin Regulates Glucose-Sensitive Neurons Activity and
Glycolipid Metabolism via Orexin-A Neurons in the Lateral Hypothalamic
Area
Authors: Su Manqing , Yan Meixing , Yao Jiatong , Fang Yanpeng , Jin Hong , Gong Yanling 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe objective of the study was to investigate the regulatory actions of
unacylated ghrelin (UAG) on glucose-sensitive (GS) neurons and glycolipid
metabolism in the lateral hypothalamus area (LHA) and its involvement with
orexin-A-immunopositive neurons. The effects of UAG administered into the
LHA on GS neurons discharges and glycolipid metabolism were detected by
single neuron discharge recording, biochemical index analysis and
quantitative real-time PCR; the level of c-fos protein in
orexin-A-immunopositive neurons was observed using immunofluorescence
staining. UAG microinjected into the LHA activated glucose-inhibited
neurons, which were partially blocked by pre-administration of anti-orexin-A
antibody in the LHA. Furthermore, UAG microinjected into the LHA
significantly reduced serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol,
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood glucose, insulin and hepatic TG
levels, while elevated serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
UAG elevated the mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 and
reduced the mRNA expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase-1 in the liver. The
above-mentioned effects of UAG were partially blocked by pre-administration
of anti-orexin-A antibody. The expressions of orexin-A and c-fos were
observed in the LHA. After UAG injection into the LHA, some neurons showed
double labeling, and the percentage of double-labeled orexin-A/c-fos
neurons in orexin-A-immunopositive neurons increased significantly. UAG in
the LHA regulates glycolipid metabolism by activating
orexin-A-immunopositive neurons in the LHA.
Effect of Nasal Skin Type on Skin Problems following Rhinoplasty
Authors: Erdur Zulkuf B. , Öktem Fatih , İnci Ender , Yener Haydar M. , Gözen Emine D. , Birben Aslıhan Ö. , Bayazit Samet , Engin Burhan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSkin problems following rhinoplasty may cause dissatisfaction concerning the esthetic expectations of the patients. This study was conducted to determine whether nasal skin type has an effect on skin problems after rhinoplasty. Thirty-five patients undergoing rhinoplasty in our tertiary referral center between May 2018 and August 2019 were included in the study. The nasal skin sebum level was measured with Sebumeter preoperatively and patients were divided into two groups according to the median sebum level. Among the 35 patients, half of them with higher nasal skin sebum were categorized as oily skin group (n = 17; 14 males, 3 females; mean sebum level: 200.3 ± 26.9), and the other half were categorized as dry skin group (n = 18; 10 males, 8 females; mean sebum level: 101.9 ± 38). Periorbital edema and ecchymosis were assessed at postoperative days 1, 3, and 7. Acne and seborrhea severity determined with Global Acne Grading System and Seborrheic Dermatitis Area Severity Index the day before operation and postoperative days 7 and 14 and months 1, 3, and 10. Compared with dry skin group, upper eyelid ecchymosis score at postoperative day 7 was statistically higher in oily skin group (p = 0.044). There was no significant difference in upper eyelid edema scores between postoperative days 1 and 3 for oily skin group (p = 0.020). No statistically significant differences were found for acne and seborrhea severity. Nasal skin sebum levels may affect periorbital edema and ecchymosis after the procedure but no significant effect has been observed for acne and seborrhea. Predicting the effect of nasal skin types on these problems may help the surgeon to inform patients more correctly.