bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of ameliorant and microbials fertilizer as bioagent for enhancing the health of rhizomicrobiome and yield of soybean on marginal soils ecosystem
Authors: Simarmata T , Setiawati M R , Herdiyantoro D , Edriana I P , Kamaludin N N , Fitriatin B N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The sustainability of agricultural production depends on the health of soils ecosystem and soil properties. Rhizomicrobiome act as external digestive organs of the plant plays a magnificent role for enhancing the nutrient availability, soil health and plant growth on marginal soils. The intensive use of agrochemical such as inorganic fertilizers has accelerated the soil health degradation and inefficiency of fertilizers use. Bioameliorant or bioagent containing activated carbon, organic extract, humic substances and beneficial rhizobacteria was developed and formulated as soil conditioner and microbial fertilizer for improving the soil properties and increasing the microbial population in rhizosphere microbiome (rhizomicrobiome) and as well as to increase the yield of soybean. The experiment was set up as randomized block design, consisted of 7 treatments (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 kg ha−1 of bioagent, 1 ton ha−1 dolomite and 1 ton ha−1 manure) and provided with 4 replications. The chemical properties (organic carbon, pH and CEC), beneficially bacterial population in rhizomicrobiome (Azospirillum sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp.) and soybean grain yield were significantly increased by the low dosage application of organic bioagent. Application of 8-12 kg ha−1 of bioagent had increased the grain yield of soybean significantly (about 47.5-51.1% higher than control). The obtained yield was not different significantly either with application 1 ton ha−1 dolomite or 1 ton ha−1 organic manure. Consequently, application of 8-12 kg ha−1 of bioagent can be recommended to substitute the use of conventional ameliorant and to enhance the bacterial biodiversity in rhizomicrobiome for increasing the soil health and soybean yield.
In vitro test for compatibility of biofertilizers containing phosphate solubilizers and nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Authors: Fitriatin B N , Nurmala D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The quality of biofertilizers is determined by the content of isolates and synergism between isolates. The experiment was aimed to investigate the compatibillty of biofertilizers containing P-solubilizers and N-fixing bacteria. In vitro test using isolates of PSB and N-fixing bacteria was done to study the synergystic character by using streak method on nutrient agar for the bacteria and potato dextrose agar for the fungi. Species of P-solubilizers were Pseudomonas mallei, P. cepaceae, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium sp., and species of N-fixing bacteria were Azotobacter chroococum and Azospirillum sp. The results revealed that the P-soluilizers microbes and N-fixing bacteria were synergistic and did not antagonistic to each other. Biofertilizers which contain P-solubilizers and N-fixing bacteria can be used for agricultural purposes.
Characterization of neutralized wood vinegar derived from durian wood (Durio zibethinus) and its prospect as pesticide in acidic soil
Authors: Setiawati E , Annisa W , Soedarmanto H , Iskandar T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Wood vinegar is a brown liquid by-product obtained from the carbonization process. Wood vinegar could limit the usage of wood vinegar as pesticide in acidic soil because of its acidity. This study aimed to determine the main organic and inorganic components in neutralized durian wood vinegar. Wood vinegar was made by pyrolisis of durian wood in the absence of oxygen with a temperature of 350, 450, and 550 °C for 2 hours. Before being analyzed, wood vinegar was neutralized with NaOH 25% to formulate the new friendly pesticide in an agricultural field. Characterization for acidity was by pH meter; organic compounds were using GC-MS; inorganic compounds were using AAS. The result showed that both neutralized wood vinegar and acidic wood vinegar indicated groups of organic acids, phenol and carbonyl compounds, which were suspected as pesticides. The predominant component in acidic wood vinegar was guaiacol, while in neutralized wood vinegar was pyrocatechol. Both acidic and neutralized wood vinegar indicatively contained main inorganic elements such as sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron and zinc that could serve as a natural pesticide. Based on the analysis result of inorganic elements, there were significant differences between acidic and neutralized wood vinegar except for Ca.
The capacity of community on running soil and water conservation in Bangsri micro-catchment, Upper Brantas Watershed, Indonesia
Authors: Suprayogo D , Prayogo C , Saputra D D , Sari R R , Nugraha A , Hadiwijoyo E , Andhika Y , Ishaq R M , Purnamasari E , Irawan D B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the Brantas watershed, the acceleration of development for public welfare is often used as an argument for the exploitation of natural resources. This activity causes the degradation of natural resources. To achieve a healthy watershed, community empowerment in a watershed is one of the main concerns of the Indonesia government and it is urgently needed. Community empowerment through a micro catchment is an innovation. In the first step of the effort, a capacity baseline of the community on implementing soil and water conservation is required. The baseline was obtained through household surveys using a questionnaire. The sample was selected using the proportional random sampling method. A small population of the sample used a hyper geometric distribution approach. The results of the baseline study indicated that the community was still dependent on their land resources. They generally understand the land degradation problem, however some communities still did not realize the importance of environmental protection. The reason for farmers does not apply the soil and water conservation was due to the lack of labour, the demand for economic needs for their livelihood and less funding to carry out soil and water conservation measures. The community could overcome land degradation through community groups and they expect technical assistance and subsidies. They need formed and functioned the Association of Micro-catchment Management. The communities also stated that they needed regular assistance in the management of land resources through field school.
Legal aspect of green geotourism development of the karst area in Pangandaran: synchronization between the regulation and the living law
Authors: Kurniati N , Hindersah R , Sukarsa DE 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The karst landscape, which is characterized by an underground, valley, hill and cave drainage system and a spring, is considered one of the basic assets for tourist attractions. The urgency to regulate the potential development in geo-tourism in Pangandaran through laws arises when it has a correlation with the preservation of a balance between biodiversity, biodiversity, cultural diversity; and sustainable development. Agriculture is an important support for the development of geo-tourism in Pangandaran because it has long been applied by local communities in the karst mountains of Pangandaran as a source of livelihood; it’s just that this method has not been sustainably maintained. The purpose of this study is to identify the socio-cultural norms of the local community that underlie daily activities in tourism and agriculture; identify harmonization between laws made by authorized institutions and laws that live in society. This study used a normative juridical approach to apply analytical methods to produce qualitative descriptions. The results showed that local socio-cultural rules dominate and become a reference for local people to implement tourism and organic agriculture in the Pangandaran karst mountain region to support sustainable agriculture.
Comparing spatial distribution of Histosols mapped in 1970’ with peat hydrological unit recently delineated at South Sumatera
Authors: Rais M A , Setyawardani F R , Suryaningtyas D T , Darmawan  , Sumawinata B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
According to a survey of Tidal Rice Development (P4S) from IPB between 1974 and 1978, there was only 22.6% peatland area in South Sumatera. The P4S surveys were done at semi detail intensity (1:50.000) and carried out with intensive ground observation. Peatland area in the same region was also mapped into Peat Hydrological Map (KHG) in 2017. According to KHG maps, the peatland area in the region should have been larger than what P4S has surveyed. The peatland nearly impossible to expand in a short time, on the contrary, it might decrease. Hence, this study was aimed to compare peatland area from both maps above as a basis for the improvement of peat data. Peatlands were compiled from the results of the P4S surveys in South Sumatera, among others Sugihan Kiri, Air Saleh, Delta Upang, Musi Banyuasin, Calikin Calik, Karang Agung and Muara Padang which were then mapped into KHG. Both were processed with Geographic Information System (GIS) procedures. The overlay results show that the size from 16 KHG area of peat in the study area is 445,676 Ha, meanwhile based on the results of the P4S soil mapping is 137,670 Ha. It shows that KHG peat is much larger than the results of The P4S soil mapping, which is absolutely clearly, indicates the inaccuracy in withdrawing the KHG area boundaries in this region.
Identification of the agricultural land conversion rate in Sleman regency using remote sensing
Authors: Aini L N , Dewi W S , Isnawan B H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Lack of information concerning the conversion rate of agricultural to non-agricultural land in the last decade has become an important issue in Sleman Regency. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in land use and the land conversion rates in five years for three periods of 1990-1995, 2000-2005, and 2010-2015. The study was conducted using descriptive methods which were analyzed spatially using Landsat imagery of 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. Identification of the land conversion rate covered 17 districts by comparing the land use classification data. The results showed that land use in Sleman Regency cover paddy fields, moorlands, yards, forests, barren land, and other land uses. The highest rate of land conversion occurs in groundwater bodies, paddy fields, and plantation area in different periods. The highest rate of land conversion in Sleman Regency in period 1 (1990-1995) was in paddy fields, which was 8,953.04 ha or 1,790.61 ha/year. In period 2 (2000-2005), the highest land conversion rate was in groundwater bodies, which was 3,471.44 ha or 694.29 ha/year. Meanwhile, in period 3 (2010-2015), the highest land conversion rate was in plantation areas, which was 7,767.33 ha or 1,553.47 ha/year.
Feasibility studies of intensively tea plantation on West Java
Authors: Sule M I S , Siswanto S Y 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The activities in tea plantations throughout the 2000s until now show important conditions to be addressed. First, there was a large conversion of tea plants. The Central Bureau of Statistics noted that the conversion of tea plants reached an average of 3,000 Ha per year. Second, the quality of Indonesian tea plantation production is classified in the good quality so that it can be sold at a fairly good price. Third, conversion occurs generally in the people’s tea plantations and state-owned plantations. This is inversely proportional to the privately-owned tea plantations that are growing well. This study aims to analyze how much profit obtained on tea plantations. By knowing the benefits, we will know whether the tea plantations in Indonesia are feasible or not. The results showed that at low productivity (less than 2000 Ha / year), tea plantations were no longer feasible to cultivate, in terms of both the tea production and the quality of tea.
Distribution of Al, Fe, and Si oxides in three soil orders in dryland of Aceh Besar, Indonesia
Authors: Sufardi  , Arabia T , Khairullah  , Karnilawati  , Nurnikmat T Z 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Al, Fe, and Si fractions in the soil are often associated with silicate minerals and hydroxide oxide fractions. The composition of these minerals in the soil is influenced by the degree of weathering and soil development. This study investigated the content and distribution of Al, Fe, and Si oxides in three soil orders (Inceptisols, Ultisols, and Oxisols) on dryland in Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Soil samples were collected in the layers of soil horizon of each profile. The content of Al, Fe, and Si in the soil was extracted with two selective solvents, namely sodium dithionite-citrate solution to determine the forms of Al, Fe and Si free and ammonium-oxalate to determine the forms of Al, Fe, and Si amorphous. The content of Al, Fe, and Si in the extract was measured by AAS. The results showed that the content and distribution of Al, Fe, and Si oxides of soil in the dryland of Aceh Besar varied between soil orders and also differed between horizons. The dithionite-extractable Al ranged from 0.02% to 13.14%, the dithionite-extractable Fe ranged from 1.01% to 4.08%, while the dithionite-extractable Si ranged from 0.62% to 4.29%. The oxalate-extractable Al ranged from 2.09% to 6.44%, the oxalate-extractable Fe ranged from 0.23% to 1.62%, while the oxalate-extractable Si ranged from 1.37% to 18.5%. The content of Fe oxides varied from 0.42% to 3.64%, while the index of crystallinity of Fe ranged from 0.11 to 0.79. The distribution of Al, Fe, and Si oxide at several soil orders on dryland Aceh Besar district was very diverse. The distribution of Al- and Fe-oxide were not consistent with the depth of the soil, while Si-oxide tends to decrease with increasing soil depth. The sequential of Fe crystallinity index from low to high is Oxisols < Ultisols <Inceptisols which means that Oxisols is more developed than Ultisols and Inceptisols.
Morphological characteristics and classification of soils formed from acidic sedimentary rocks in North Kalimantan
Authors: Mansyur N I , Hanudin E , Purwanto B H , Utami S N H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The morphology of acidic mineral soils explains the evolution that occurs in the soil body during the process of soil formation, which is predominantly influenced by the parent material and climate. Determination of epipedon and endopedon of diagnostic horizons through description and interpretation of soil profile properties is the basis of land classification, as the knowledge of soil properties, capabilities, and utilization. This research was a descriptive study, carried out in North Kalimantan using a survey method at two different locations based on the rock types, namely Location 1 (clay sand sedimentation) and Location 2 (sandstone). The description and interpretation of soil morphology were carried out by observing the nature of the soil profile, then determining the diagnostic horizon and soil classification referring to the Field Observation Guidelines in the Field and Key to Soil Taxonomy. The results of the study found that, based on its morphological characteristics, the soil in Location 1 had brighter colors, lower OC, higher Al solubility, and a thicker horizon compared to the soil in Location 2. Meanwhile, the texture, structure, pH, and consistency were the same. In both soil profiles, umbric epipedon and cambic endopedon were found. Therefore, the soil was classified as Inceptisols. At the sub-order level, Location 1 was classified as Udepts, and Location 2 as Aquepts. At the great group level, the soil in Location 1 was classified as Hapludepts, and the soil in Location 2 as Endoaquepts. This type of soil had low natural fertility therefore the efforts are needed to improve its ability and utilization through amelioration and fertilization technology.
Characteristic of Soils Developed from Pyroclastic Materials Across the Dry Southwest Tambora’s Footslope
Authors: Darmawan  , Widjaja H , Purwakusuma W , Baskoro D P T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Development of soils from newly deposited materials are of interest for investigation, especially when the environment has specific conditions as the leading factors of the soil formation and development. The Southwest Tambora’s footslope is part of the last Tambora’s pyroclastic deposition but this part has the driest climate. Despite this Southwest Tambora’s footslope in fact at macro scale has homogeneous specific conditions, the results of toposequential soil observation showed that this area composed of soils having significant differences, even differed one another at the higher order of classification. The common characteristic of the soils in this area is that they have sandy texture with 70 to 90 percent sand mostly with limited soil horizon development, only minority of the soils already have B horizon. Regardless the sandy texture as the common strong characteristic of the soils here, the formation of B horizon is the strongest differentiae among the soils and yet there are some other characteristics to show that even the soils of the same taxonomic class are not necessarily homogeneous. Previous geological studies of this part of Tambora’s footslope depicted different modes of the deposition of the last erupted pyroclastic materials, among others by transportation and sortation processes after the material eruption. This difference has resulted in different stratification of particle size and the level of compaction of the pyroclastic materials. So the soil formation here have been taken place from not a completely homogeneous parent material condition, under the limited weathering rate due to the dry climate.
Lithologic discontinuity in Andisols on tea plantation area in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Arifin M , Devnita R , Sandrawati A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Tea plantation areas are normally found on Andisols developed from volcanic eruptions. Volcanic eruptions can occur within several periods, resulting in a sequence of soil layers that can differ in every period and produce lithologic discontinuity in the soil profile. Lithologic discontinuities were investigated in Andisols on Ciater Tea Plantation in Ciater, West Java, Indonesia. Andisols in this area developed from the eruption of Mt. Tangkuban Parahu, Mt. Dano and Mt. Tampomas derived from two geological formation, the Qyd (Middle Holocene) and Qyt (Early Holocene). The objective of this research was to investigate the lithologic discontinuity of Andisols in Ciater Tea Plantation through macromorphological observations from four profiles in this location. The results showed that there were lithologic discontinuities in all profiles, indicated by unusual changing color detected by Munsell Soil Color Chart and increasing organic carbon content in certain depth. Some A buried horizons (Ab) were found, indicated that the underlying soils had developed from the parent material of the earlier eruption period than the overlying horizons. Detailed analyses of mineralogical and element in sand and silt fraction were needed to have the more accurate information of lithology discontinuities. Instruments like X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry and Visible Near-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy can be explored to investigate the lithologic discontinuity.
Bioremediation of lead-contaminated paddy field by using ramie, agrobacterium and organic matter
Authors: Rosariastuti R , Kartika K , Aryani W , Supriyadi  
Published: December 2019

AbstractLead (Pb) contamination is one of environmental issue because of its great influence on human health and ecological system. Paddy fields in Karanganyar, Indonesia are indicated to be contaminated by Pb, due to many local industries that dispose their effluents in local water ways. This research aimed to investigate the influence of combined application of Ramie (Boehmeria nivea)-Chelator-Inorganic Fertilizers on the change of Pb level in soil. The experiment was arranged in experimental factorial design using Randomized Complete Block Design as the based design, consist of three factorsand three replications. First factor was Inorganic fertilizer consist of without inorganic fertilizers (p0) and with inorganic fertilizers (p1); second factor was chelator (B) consist of without chelator (b0), chelator ofAgrobacteriumsp. I3(b1) and chelator of compost (b2); the last factor was Ramie (T) consist of without ramie (t0) and with ramie application (t1). The main parameter observed in this research was effectivity of phytoremediation and Pb levels in soil and in plant shoot and root. Data was analyzed by statistical analysis using ANOVA continued by DMRT, T-Test and Correlation Test. The results showed that interaction between inorganic fertilizers, chelator and ramie clearly enhanced total bacterial colonies. Ramie was able to decreased Pb level in soils up to 29.51%.Agrobacteriumsp. I3increased effectivity of Ramie in decreasing Pb level in soil. The phytoremediation effectivity increased up to 41.82% by increasing roots Pb uptake (9.78 μg) and shoots Pb uptake (25.97 μg). Compost decreased roots Pb uptake (1.74 μg) and shoots Pb uptake (14.85 μg).
Electrokinetic of red mud
Authors: Sipayung A J , Suryaningtyas D T , Sumawinata B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Red mud - a bauxite residue, is a by-product of the Bayer Process for refining bauxite to alumina. Red mud is highly alkaline, due to the sodium hydroxide utilization to purify bauxite from silicate and other impurities. In order to produce one ton of aluminium, it will be yielded 0.8 to 1.5 tons of red mud is produced as by-product. Red mud has unique characteristics such as acidity (pH) of 10.88, Electrical Conductivity (EC) of 22.3 dS m−1 and Na+ level of 49.91 cmol(+) kg−1. Safe storage of the red mud requires a specified impoundments with leachate collection and treatment to prevent contamination of soil and groundwater. This study investigated the feasibility of electrokinetic treatment for reclamation of red mud. A set of laboratory electrokinetic tests was carried out in order to identify the main parameters and processes affecting the removal of ions from red mud. Experiments were conducted using 30 and 45 volts direct current and was compared to washing method by using aquadest 1:25. After 30 days of electrokinetic, a zone of pH (8.6) was detected close to the anode, lower than the washing results (pH 9.17). Among the various cations, the highest removal efficiency was achieved for Na+ 98.01% close to the anode with 45 volts current, higher than washing result 67.2%. The result of this study provided evidence that the application of electrokinetics endorsing its validity as a viable red mud remediation technology.
Changes in degraded peat land characteristic using FTIR-spectrocopy
Authors: Maftu’ah E , Fahmi A , Hayati A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Degraded peatlands can be detected laboratory analysis and field appearance. Peatlands degradation is characterized by a very reduced water holding capacity which is caused by peat fire or over drain. The capacity of peat to hold water is closely related to their functional groups. Analysis using Fourier Tansform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrocopy enable to determine the functional groups of peat. The research was aimed to study peatland degradation based on functional group changes through FTIR analysis. The samples of peat soil were taken from burned peatland, agricultural peat land and natural peat in Kalampangan, Central Kalimantan. The hydrophobic properties of the functional group are indicated as lignin, carboxylic or phenolic groups, fat, wax or lipids, while the hydrophilic functional group is indicated as protein and cellulose. Degraded peat have the hydrophobic group of 56.20%, while in natural peatlands was around 29%. Hydrophilic functional group on burned peatlands was 34.5-43%, natural peatland was 60-70% and agricultural peatland was 66%. Functional group analysis using FTIR can be used to detect the level of peatland degradation, through a significant increase in hydrophobic groups