bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memberdayakan Koperasi Sampah Berbasis Otonomi Desa Dalam Mewujudkan Desa Ramah Lingkungan dan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Tejomurti Kukuh 
Published: September 2020

<p>Artikel ini akan mengkaji tentang bagaimana membentuk model tata kelola lembaga koperasi sampah berbasis otonomi desa sebagai upaya menciptakan desa ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan. Sampah merupakan material sisa yang “tidak dipergunakan” setelah berakhirnya suatu proses. Sebagai contoh di Yogyakarta berdasarkan data tercatat 532 meter kubik per hari pada tahun 2005,. Kemudian meningkat menjadi 1.571 meter kubik per hari pada tahun 2007 dan sampai tahun 2015 terus meningkat. Sekitar 13 persen dari jumlah tersebut berupa sampah plastik. Dari seluruh sampah yang ada, 57 persen ditemukan di pantai berupa sampah plastik. Sebanyak 46.000 sampah plastik mengapung di setiap mil persegi samudera. Sampah tidak hanya menjadi persoalan pemerintah namun juga harus menjadi persoalan diri pribadi warga yang menghasilkan sampah. Upaya pembuatan Tempat Pembuangan Akhir tidak bisa menyelesaikan masalah sampah dikarenakan ketersediaan lahan yang berbeda-beda tiap daerah dan fasilitas perlindungan lingkungan yang cukup mahal. Adanya otonomi desa (menurut UU Nomor 6 Tahun 2014) desa memiliki otonomi untuk mengatur rumah tangganya sendiri, termasuk mengelola sampah menjadi suatu barang yang memiliki nilai ekonomi bagi warganya. Oleh karena itu perlu dibentuk lembaga khusus berbentuk koperasi berbasis otonomi desa yang dapat mengelola sampah dan memberikan manfaat (seperti jaminan kesehatan dan jaminan lain) yang bisa memberi stimulan bagi warga desa untuk bersedia mengelola sampah. Artikel ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif bersifat preskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka, observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan melakukan kuisioner di desa Sukun, kabupaten Malang. </p><p><em>Kata kunci: koperasi sampah, Otonomi desa, Lingkungan</em></p><p><em> </em></p>
PERILAKU NGELEM AIBON PADA ANAK JALANAN DI KOTA MERAUKE DARI PERSPEKTIF KRIMINOLOGI
Authors: Tajuddin Mulyadi Alrianto 
Published: September 2020

<p>Kejahatan dapat dilakukan oleh siapa saja. Baik orang dewasa, orang muda hingga anak-anak sekalipun. Salah satu faktor pemicu terjadinya kejahatan oleh anak adalah penyalahgunaan terhadap lem aibon. Lem aibon dijadikan alternatif karna sangat mudah didapatkan oleh anak-anak. Lem aibon dibeli kemudian dihirup sehingga menimbulkan efek mabuk dan hal tersebut yang memicu terjadinya kekerasan oleh anak terutama anak jalanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku ngelem Aibon dilihat dari sudut pandang kriminologi. Selain itu untuk dapat menentukan factor-faktor apa saja yang menjadi pemicu anak jalanan terlebih khususnya di Merauke melakukan ngelem aibon. Serta untuk mencari bagaimana solusi untuk mengurangi yang tiap tahunnya kian meningkat. Upaya penanggulangan yang dapat dilakukan terhadap anak jalanan selaku penyalahguna lem aibon, yakni dengan upaya pre-emtif melalui edukasi serta penanaman nilai-nilai agama atau norma yang baik. Dapat pula dilakukan upaya preventif yakni oleh pihak Polres Merauke dibantu oleh Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja dengan melakukan pengawasan disertai razia dan patroli rutin di depan-depan emperan toko terkait dengan masalah tersebut sehingga mampu meminimalisir atau bahkan dihentikan terkait dengan masalah penyalahgunaan lem aibon.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: Kriminologi, Anak Jalanan, Lem Aibon</strong></p>
DAMPAK PENIADAAN PARALEGAL DALAM PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM KEPADA KELOMPOK MASYARAKAT MISKIN PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG REPUBLIK INDONESIA NOMOR 22 P/HUM/2018
Authors: Martono Jeffri Pri 
Published: September 2020

<p><span class="s9"><span class="bumpedFont15">Pemberian bantuan hukum merupakan bentuk tanggung jawab negara bagi kelompok masyarakat miskin sebagai perwujudan kepada akses keadilan. Hal ini merupakan jaminan dari negara terhadap setiap orang dalam rangka mendapatkan pengakuan, jaminan, perlindungan, dan kepastian hukum sebagai bentuk perlindungan dari pada hak asasi manusia. Pemberian bantuan hukum merupakan suatu kewajiban negara sebagaimana hal ini diperintahkan oleh peraturan perundang-undangan yang dinyatakan dalam Pasal 54 Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 Tentang Hukum Acara Pidana (selanjutnya disebut dengan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana / KUHAP), bahkan ditekankan lagi sebagai hal yang wajib adanya dalam Pasal 56 KUHAP. Akan tetapi pemberian bantuan hukum saat ini belum menjangkau seluruh masyarakat Indonesia dikarenakan adanya keterbatasan pelaksanaan bantuan hukum itu sendiri. Dalam hal mengisi </span></span><span class="s9"><span class="bumpedFont15">keterbatasan tersebut dimunculkan peran paralegal untuk meningkatkan pemberian bantuan hukum terhadap kelompok masyarakat miskin. Pasca munculnya Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 22 P/HUM/2018 yang membatalkan peran dari pada paralegal yang dinyatakan dalam Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia Nomor 01 Tahun 2018 Tentang Paralegal Dalam Pemberian Bantuan Hukum telah memberikan dampak terhadap kelompok masyarakat miskin dalam mencari keadilan. Dalam hal ini peran advokat sebagai profesi terhormat yang dalam menjalankan profesinya harus dimunculkan dan apalagi hal tersebut merupakan suatu kewajiban dalam menjalankan perintah baik dari pada undang-undang maupun kode etik profesi advokat dalam rangka memberikan bantuan secara cuma-cuma setelah dicabutnya Pasal 11 dan Pasal 12 Permenkumham Tentang Paralegal, yang sebenarnya telah diatur sebelumnya dalam Pasal 22 UU Advokat.</span></span></p>
INKONSISTENSI REGULASI DI BIDANG KESEHATAN DAN IMPLIKASI HUKUMNYA TERHADAP PENYELESAIAN PERKARA MEDIK DI INDONESIA
Authors: Irawati Jovita 
Published: September 2020

<pre><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></pre><pre><em>As an institution authorized to deal with legal complaints concerning i</em><em>m</em><em>proper health serv</em><em>i</em><em>ces, Indonesian Medical Disciplinary </em><em>Honorary Assembly</em><em> (MKDKI) has the task of determining whether there are malpractices made by doctors or dentists in the application of medical disciplines in terms of medical professional standards. This authority is stipulated in Article 66 (1) Law Number 29 of 2004 concerning Medical Practice. Howeve</em><em>r</em><em>, disharmony which occurs between</em><em> </em><em>such article and</em><em> </em><em>a</em><em>rticle 66 </em><em>(3) as well as </em><em>several health related law in Indonesia seems like negating MKDKI role in determining the element of negligence at the time of an alleged violation such as medical malpractice. Based on this condiion, the study was conducted to examine the </em><em>impact</em><em> of</em><em> such legal</em><em> disharmony in</em><em> the practices and services of </em><em> Indonesian health sector.</em></pre><pre><strong><em> </em></strong></pre><pre><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><strong>Medical Law, Patient’s Right, Existence of MKDKI<em></em></strong></pre><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Sebagai lembaga yang memiliki kewenangan dalam menangani pengaduan atas pelayanan kesehatan, Majelis Kehormatan Disiplin Kedokteran Indonesia (MKDKI) memiliki tugas untuk menentukan ada tidaknya kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh dokter atau dokter gigi dalam penerapan disiplin ilmu kedokteran dan kedokteran gigi yang tidak sesuai dengan standar profesi medik. Kewenangan ini tercantum dalam ketentuan Pasal 66 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 29 Tahun 2004 tentang Praktik Kedokteran. Akan tetapi, disharmoni antara ketentuan Pasal 66 Ayat (1) dengan Ayat (3) dan beberapa regulasi yang terkait dengan bidang kesehatan seakan menegaskan peranan MKDKI dalam menentukan unsur kelalaian pada saat suatu dugaan pelanggaran seperti malpraktik medik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji tentang akibat hukum dari disharmoni peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang kesehatan itu serta dampaknya terhadap praktik kedokteran Indonesia. Melalui tulisan ini diharapkan dapat diperoleh kesimpulan dan saran-saran yang relevan yang dapat diterapkan untuk mewujukan pembangunan kesehatan yang berkualitas untuk masyarakat.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Hukum Kesehatan, Hak Pasien, Eksistensi MKDKI</strong></p>
Tobacco exposure as a major modifier of oncologic outcomes in Human PapillomaVirus (HPV) associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Elhalawani Hesham , Mo Abdallah S.R. , Elgohari Baher , Lin Timothy A. , Sikora Andrew G. , Lai Stephen Y. , Abusaif Abdelrahman , Phan Jack , Morrison William H. , Gunn G. Brandon , Rosenthal David I. , Garden Adam S. , Fuller Clifton D. , Sandulache Vlad C. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in the US is rapidly increasing, driven largely by the epidemic of human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated OPSCC. Although survival for patients with HPV mediated OPSCC (HPV+ OPSCC) is generally better than that of patients with non-viral HPV+ OPSCC, this effect is not uniform. We hypothesized that tobacco exposure remains a critical modifier of survival for HPV+ OPSCC patients.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 611 OPSCC patients with concordant p16 and HPV testing treated at a single institute (2002-2013). Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression. Recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) was used to define tobacco exposure associated with survival (p<0.05). Results: Tobacco exposure impacted overall survival (OS) for HPV+ patients on univariate and multivariate analysis (p=0.002, p=0.003 respectively). RPA identified 30 pack-years (PY) as a threshold at which survival became significantly worse in HPV+ patients. OS and disease-free survival (DFS) for HPV+ >30 PY patients didn’t differ significantly from HPV- patients (p= 0.72, p= 0.27, respectively). HPV+ >30 PY patients had substantially lower 5-year OS when compared to their ≤30 PYs counterparts: 78.4% vs 91.6%; p= 0.03, 76% vs 88.3%; p= 0.07, and 52.3% vs 74%; p= 0.05, for stages I, II, and III (AJCC 8th Edition Manual), respectively.Conclusions: Tobacco exposure can eliminate the survival benefit associated with HPV+ status in OPSCC patients. Until this effect can be clearly quantified using prospective datasets, de-escalation of treatment for HPV+OPSCC smokers should be avoided.
Effects of oncological care pathways in primary and secondary care on patient, professional and health systems outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hoeve Jolanda C. van , Vernooij Robin W.M. , Fiander Michelle , Nieboer Peter , Siesling Sabine , Rotter Thomas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Pathways are frequently used to improve care for cancer patients. However, there is little evidence about the effects of pathways used in oncological care. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis aiming to identify, and synthesise existing literature on the effects of pathways in oncological care. Methods: All patients diagnosed with cancer in primary and secondary/tertiary care whose treatment can be characterized as the strategy “care pathways” are included in this review. A systematic search in seven databases was conducted to gather evidence. Studies were screened by two independent reviewers. Study outcomes regarding patients, professionals and system level were extracted from each study. Results: Out of 13,847 search results, we selected 158 articles eligible for full text assessment. 150 studies were excluded and the remaining eight studies represented 4,786 patients. Most studies were conducted in secondary/tertiary care. Length of Stay (LOS) was the most common used indicator, and was reported in five studies. Meta-analysis based on subgroups showed an overall shorter LOS regarding gastric cancer (Weighted Mean Difference (WMD)): -2.75, CI: -4.67–-0.83) and gynaecological cancer (WMD: -1.58, CI: -2.10–-1.05). Costs were reported in six studies and most studies reported lower costs for pathway groups. Conclusions: Despite the differences between the included studies, we were able to present an evidence base for cancer care pathways performed in secondary/tertiary care regarding the positive effects of LOS in favour of cancer care pathways. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42017057592
Postoperative Controls of ventilation tubes in children - by general practitioner or otolaryngologist? Study protocol for a prospective, multicenter, randomized study (The ConVenTu study)
Authors: Austad Bjarne , Nilsen Ann Helen , Helvik Anne-Sofie , Albrektsen Grethe , Nordgård Ståle , Thorstensen Wenche Moe 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Insertion of ventilation tubes (VTs) in the tympanic membrane is one of the most common ambulatory surgeries performed on children. Postoperative care may continue for two or more years and is today mostly done by otolaryngologists. Postoperative care given by general practitioners (GPs) may represent a sufficient level of health care regarding clinical outcome, but there exist no evidence-based guidelines concerning the level of expertise for this task. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether postoperative care after surgery with VTs performed by GPs represent a sufficient alternative to otolaryngologists.Methods/design: Prospective study of postoperative care after surgery with VTs in children aged 3-10 years. At discharge, each patient is allocated randomly to postoperative care by either otolaryngologist or their regular GP. Study participants are enrolled consecutively from seven different hospitals in Norway until 200 patients are included in each study group. Hearing thresholds, middle ear function, complication rate, health related quality of life and the guardians’ experiences two years after surgery, will be compared. Discussion: Results from the ConVenTu study are expected to contribute with knowledge regarding optimal postoperative care after surgery with VTs.
Evaluation the efficacy and safety of fire needle compared to filiform needle on knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gao Yuanjie , Liu Lu , Li Bin , Guo Jing , Liu Huilin , Wang Shaosong , Zhang Fan , Ji Xu , Fu Yuanbo , Wang Yizhan , Sun Jingqing , Yuan Fang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a common clinical chronic degenerative disease associated with high morbidity and long-term disability. Previous studies have confirmed the efficacy of acupuncture on knee osteoarthritis. Fire needle acupuncture is a combination of heat and acupuncture, which may be more effective than the commonly used filiform needle acupuncture. This study is designed as a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fire needle acupuncture compared to filiform needle acupuncture in knee osteoarthritis patients.Methods and analysis: This is a prospective randomized controlled superiority clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fire needle acupuncture compared to filiform needle acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis. A total of 100 participants will be randomly assigned to two different groups. Participants will receive fire-needle acupuncture treatment in the fire needle group, while participants in the filiform needle group will be treated with a filiform needle at the same acupuncture points as the fire needle group. All participants will receive a 6-weeks of treatment (2 times per week). The primary outcome is the change of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and the secondary outcomes include the change of the Visual Analogue Scale, and 12-item Short Form Health Survey from baseline to endpoint.Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval of this study was granted by the Research Ethical Committee of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University (2018SB-066). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Outcomes of the trial will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration: The trial is registered on Dec. 20, 2018, and the registration number is ChiCTR1800019579.
The Prediction for Development of COVID-19 in Global Major Epidemic Areas Through Empirical Trends in China by Utilizing State Transition Matrix Model
Authors: Zheng Zhong , Wu Ke , Yao Zhixian , Zheng Xinyi , Zheng Junhua , Chen Jian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Since pneumonia caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, tremendous infected cases has risen all over the world attributed to its high transmissibility. We aimed to mathematically forecast the inflection point (IFP) of new cases in South Korea, Italy, and Iran, utilizing the transcendental model from China. Methods: Data from reports released by the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China (Dec 31, 2019 to Mar 5, 2020) and the World Health Organization (Jan 20, 2020 to Mar 5, 2020) were extracted as the training set and the data from Mar 6 to 9 as the validation set. New close contacts, newly confirmed cases, cumulative confirmed cases, non-severe cases, severe cases, critical cases, cured cases, and death were collected and analyzed. We analyzed the data above through the State Transition Matrix model. Results: The optimistic scenario (non-Hubei model, daily increment rate of -3.87%), the cautiously optimistic scenario (Hubei model, daily increment rate of -2.20%), and the relatively pessimistic scenario (adjustment, daily increment rate of -1.50%) were inferred and modeling from data in China. The IFP of time in South Korea would be Mar 6 to 12, Italy Mar 10 to 24, and Iran Mar 10 to 24. The numbers of cumulative confirmed patients will reach approximately 20k in South Korea, 209k in Italy, and 226k in Iran under fitting scenarios, respectively. However, with the adoption of different diagnosis criteria, the variation of new cases could impose various influences in the predictive model. If that happens, the IFP of increment will be earlier than predicted above. Conclusion: The end of the pandemic is still inapproachable, and the number of confirmed cases is still escalating. With the augment of data, the world epidemic trend could be further predicted, and it is imperative to consummate the assignment of global medical resources to curb the development of COVID-19.
Comparison of peri-implant submucosal microbiota in arches with zirconia or titanium implant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Jia Pingyi , Yang Jingwen , Yue Zhaoguo , Liu Jianzhang , Liu Qi , Liu Zhongning , Tang Lin , Hou Jianxia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The success rate of implant-supported prostheses for edentulous patients is relatively high. However, the incidence of biological complications, especially peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, increases yearly after the placement of prostheses. The accumulation of pathogenic bacteria adjacent to a prosthesis is the main cause of biological complications. Titanium, one of the classical materials for implant-supported prostheses, performs well in the terms of biocompatibility and ease of maintenance, but is still susceptible to biofilm formation. Zirconia, which has emerged as an appealing substitute, not only has comparable properties, but presents different surface properties the influence the adherence of oral bacteria. However, evidence of a direct effect on oral flora is limited. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of material properties on biofilm formation and composition.Methods: The proposed study is designed as a 5-year randomized controlled trial. We plan to enroll 44 edentulous (mandible) patients seeking full-arch, fixed, implant-supported prostheses. The participants will be randomly allocated to one of two groups: group 1, in which the participants will receive zirconia frameworks with ceramic veneering or group 2, in which the participants will receive titanium frameworks with acrylic resin veneering. Ten follow-up examinations will be completed by the end of this 5-year trial. Mucosal conditions around the implants will be recorded every 6 months after restoration. Peri-implant submucosal plaque will be collected at each reexamination, and bacteria flora analysis will be performed with 16S rRNA gene sequencing technology in order to compare differences in microbial diversity between groups. One week before each visit, periodontal maintenance will be arranged. Each participant will receive an X-ray examination every 12 months as a key index to evaluate the marginal bone level around the implants.Discussion: The current study aims to explore the oral microbiology of patients following dental restoration with zirconia ceramic frameworks or titanium frameworks. The features of the microbiota and the mucosal condition around the two different materials will be evaluated and compared to determine whether zirconia is an appropriate material for fixed implant-supported prostheses for edentulous patients.Trial registration: International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), ID: ChiCTR2000029470. Registered on 2 February 2020.
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) into German: a qualitative study in three countries
Authors: Krieger Beate , Schulze Christina , Boyd Jillian , Amann Ruth , Piškur Barbara , Beurskens Anna , Teplicky Rachel , Moser Albine 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:Concepts such as participation and environment may differ across cultures. Consequently, to use a measure like the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) in other than the original English-speaking contexts, cultural adaptation needs to be assured. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally translate and adapt the PEM-CY into German as it is used in Germany, Austria and Switzerland.Methods:Fifteen parents of children and adolescents with disabilities from three German speaking countries participated in three rounds of think-aloud interviews. We followed the procedure of cultural equivalence guidelines including two additional steps. Data was analyzed by content analysis using semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalence.Results:Results show adaptations mainly focused on experiential and conceptual equivalence, with conceptual equivalence being the most challenging to reach. Examples of experiential equivalence included adapting the examples of activities in the PEM-CY to reflect those typical in German speaking countries. Conceptual equivalence mainly addressed aspects of “involvement” and “environment” of children and adolescents and was reached through adaptations such as enhanced instructions and structures, and additional definitions.Conclusion:This study presents a cross-cultural translation and adaptation process to develop a German version of the PEM-CY that is suitable for Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Using a modified cultural adaptation process, a culturally adapted version of PEM-CY (German) is now available for research, practice and further validation.