bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRACTICAL COURSE ON PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL METHODS OF PEATS ANALYSIS AS AN ELEMENT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ADDITIONAL NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION AT SENIOR SCHOOL
Authors: Голубина Ольга Александровна , Ковалёва Светлана Владимировна , Шабанова Ирина Анатольевна 
Published: June 2020

Показана актуальность дополнительного естественно-научного образования с использованием экспериментальной работы обучающихся, основанной на региональных особенностях. Приведено понятие «региональный компонент содержания образования». Обоснован выбор тематики практикума по анализу торфов физико-химическими методами, содержание которого связано со специфическими особенностями Томской области по запасам торфа и накопленным опытом научных исследований по функционированию торфяно-болотных экосистем. Приведены цели, задачи практикума и тематика практических занятий. Описана методика проведения практических работ по определению ботанического состава торфов и его физико-химических характеристик. Разработаны вопросы анкетирования для выявления у обучающихся экспериментальных умений и знаний качественных химических реакций до проведения занятий практикума и после их завершения, представлены полученные результаты. На основе анкетирования обучающихся выявлено их отношение к тематике практикума и его содержанию. Результаты анкетирования свидетельствуют об эффективности проведения экспериментальной работы на занятиях.
The importance of additional education in modern school is characterized. The relevance of additional science education using the experimental work of students based on regional characteristics is shown. The concept of “regional component of the content of education” is given. The choice of the topics of practical works on peat analysis by physicochemical methods is substantiated, the content of which is determined by the specific features of the Tomsk Region in terms of peat reserves and the accumulated experience of scientific research on the functioning of peat-swamp ecosystems. The goals, objectives and a list of topics of practical training are presented. The methodology for conducting practical work to determine the composition of peat, its physico-chemical characteristics: the degree of decomposition, moisture, ash, metabolic acidity, the determination of magnesium, calcium, iron, phosphorus, nitrogen (ammonium ions and nitrate ions) is described. The physicochemical methods used in the practical work are indicated: titrimetric (determination of magnesium and calcium), potentiometric (exchange peat acidity), photocolorimetric (determination of ammonium and nitrate ions), mobile compounds of iron and phosphorus) methods. Questions have been developed to identify students’ experimental skills and knowledge of qualitative chemical reactions before and after the practical work, and the results are presented. Questioning revealed an improvement in the level of all experimental skills by an average of 37 %. The attitude of students to the subject of the practical work, its content, as well as interest in conducting experimental work were identified on the basis of their questionnaire.
CONTINUITY OF PRESCHOOL AND ELEMENTARY EDUCATION THROUGH THE USE OF PROJECT ACTIVITY
Authors: Семёнова Наталия Альбертовна 
Published: June 2020

Рассматривается вопрос осуществления преемственности дошкольного и начального образования. Преемственность понимается как взаимодействие между разными ступенями образования, обеспечивающее развитие детей, обогащение знаний и опыта, основанное на учете специфики возраста, применении соответствующих, эффективных для каждой ситуации средств, методов, форм педагогической деятельности, направленных на плавное поэтапное становление учебной деятельности ребенка и переход его от одного образовательного уровня к другому. Анализ стандартов дошкольного и начального общего образования с позиции реализации преемственных связей дал возможность выявить сходства в целях, теоретико-методологической основе (системно-деятельностный подход), в структуре, позволяющей определить согласованность содержания и способов его реализации на обоих уровнях. Важным механизмом преемственности является поиск сквозных, т. е. есть актуальных для разных уровней образования технологий и методов. Этому требованию отвечает проектная деятельность дошкольника и младшего школьника, которая представлена как интегративная деятельность. Последняя включает игровую, исследовательскую, творческую деятельность и особые образовательные результаты в каждой возрастной группе.
The author considers the issue of the implementation of the continuity of preschool and primary education. Continuity is understood as the interaction between different levels of education. This interaction provides the development of children, enriching their knowledge and experience. It is based on taking into account the specifics of age, the leading type of activity, on the use of appropriate, effective for each situation means, methods, forms of pedagogical activity. The continuity of methods and means is aimed at establishing a smooth phased formation of the child’s learning activities and moving him from one educational level to another. The author analyzes the standards of preschool and primary general education from the perspective of the implementation of continuity. The analysis showed similarities in goals, in a theoretical and methodological basis (system-activity approach), in the structure, which allows us to determine the consistency of the content and methods of its implementation at the levels of preschool and primary education. An important mechanism of continuity is the search for cross-cutting, that is, relevant for different levels of education, technologies and methods. This requirement meets the project, which the author presents as an integrative activity, combining game, research, creative activities. The researcher presents the special results of the implementation of project activities in each age group and their relationship.
To history of ichthiofaunistic research of Karkinitsky Gulf of the Black sea
Authors: Belogurova Raisa 
Published: June 2020

The article is focused on the history of studing the fishfauna of Karkinitsky Gulf
of the Black Sea in the XX–XXI centuries. There have been singled out three stages in studying fishfauna of the region: since the late 50’s of the XIX century up to the early 20th century. (K. F. Kessler); at the turn of the 20th century (expeditions of S. A. Zernov, later – researches of L. V. Arnoldi, V. A. Vodyanitsky, K. A. Vinogradov, etc.) up to the 60s of the 20th century; since 2008 to the present day (A. R. Boltachev, E. P. Karpova). Data on the fishfauna of Karkinitsky Gulf during a half-century period has been found insufficient: since late 50s of the 20th century up to the beginning of the 21st century. There has been shown the importance of Karkinitsky Gulf as a habitat for the rare protected fish species and the feeding area of valuable fish juveniles. The influence of anthropogenic factors over the past 50 years has been proved to cause qualitative changes in the composition of the fishfauna of Karkinitsky Gulf: degradation of the seagrass biocenosis in shallow bays caused by siltation due to the discharge of fresh water from the fields and rice paddies, and the replacement of native ichthyofauna by freshwater species. The importance of systematic studies in this area is emphasized to assess the status of the fishfauna of Karkinitsky Gulf
Migration of heavy metals in system of coastal soil – bottom sediments – plants of the Khodtsa river during summer mean water in 2019
Authors: Makakhaniuk Zhanna Sergeevna , Zubkova Valentina Mikhailovna , Rozumnaya Lyubov Anatolievna 
Published: June 2020

The article describes the purpose of the work, which is determining the distribution and relationships between the composition of pollutants in coastal soil, bottom sediments and higher aquatic vegetation in the small river Khodtsa. There have been presented the data of the laboratory research based on the results of the field work onselecting samples, on concentration of toxicants (cadmium, lead, iron, nitrogen, ammonium and petroleum products) in deposit media, as well as
in Carex aquatilis plants of the small river Hodza. This plant species is limiting throughout the river due to the low intensity of biological absorption. The studies were carried out during the summer low water season in 2019 on the river section from the source (Elektrostal city) to the river mouth in the area of Pavlovsky Posad. In all the studied objects there have been found increased concentrations of iron. In the coastal ground and bottom sediments the pollution with heavy metals is manifested to a much greater extent: at the source and intermediate point. Petroleum products and ammonia
nitrogen are distributed unevenly in space. A correlation analysis of the experimental data obtained in the components of the environment of the studied territory (the Khodtsa river) was performed.
In general, the highest measurement results are observed in the upper reaches of the small river Khodtsa in the industrial city of Elektrostal. The obtained data on the heavy metals migration
in the system “сoastal ground – bottom sediments – higher aquatic vegetation” of the small river Khodtsa can be successfully used as indicators an environmental monitoring system and serve as the basis for organizing further research, as well as for developing a strategy for environmental management and environmental protection in the Moscow Region.
A leggyakoribb tulajdon elleni szabálysértések gyakorlati problémái, különös tekintettel a lopásra és csalásra
Authors: Kálmánczi Antal 
Published: June 2020

In this study, based on the procedure of the Central Summary Offences in Hajdú-Bihar, I will try to present the most common practical problems of summary offence against property (particulary theft and fraud),
First of all, my article describes the legal background as to why summary offence procedure is called „petty criminal law” in Hungary, and as a result what legal basis are being used for criminal concepts.
In the second part of the study I will present some resolution to the most common and the most important legal imperfections and problems.
Last but not least I will make an attempt to disclose the most common issues, which might occur in the so-called „quick procedure”, the „bring to court”.
In summary I hope, my study can be of useful assistance to the summary offence procedure and can elevate standard/level of the procedure.
Gravity Among Central Bank Balance Sheets: Monetary Policy Spill-Over on FX Volatility
Authors: Kiss Gábor Dávid , Mészáros Mercédesz 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Following the subprime crisis, most of the European central banks implemented several unconventional monetary instruments. As a result of the late quantitative easing, there was a shift from stimulating lending to the immediate stimulation of the securities market in the monetary policy of the European Central Bank (ECB) and of the smaller central banks, too. These securities purchase programs, first and second-market transactions, and asset purchases have led to an increase in the stock of securities held by the central banks, whose spill-over effects have not been fully explored yet. The aim of our research is to identify the spill-over effects of the central banks’ unconventional instruments and quantitative easing on currency volatility while considering the relative size of the issuing central bank and the situation of small open economies. By running an adapted version of gravity models, we analyzed a sample of six European central banks and the ECB. Based on our results, the high volatility levels of European currencies around the eurozone have come from their relative smallness and unconventional monetary policy, and considerations about safe havens have a reducing power on F X volatility.
Simulation-Based Forecasting of the Reliability of Systems Consisting of Elements Described by a Number of Failure Probability Distributions
Authors: Młynarski Stanisław , Pilch Robert , Smolnik Maksymilian , Szybka Jan , Wiązania Grzegorz , Lewandowski Jakub 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the developed simulation model enabling the evaluation of the reliability of technical objects, which in the process of operation is subjected to several different groups of factors causing their failures. Probability distributions of failures resulting from wear and random factors are used in the developed model to estimate the time of operation of the elements and the reliability of the system. The developed model together with the appropriate computer program is a tool of significant importance for design and operational practice. It enables decision-makers to estimate the reliability of elements and the whole system before the beginning of their operation.
Studying the Wear of Titanium Thread of Aircraft Fuel Filter
Authors: Gronek Sebastian , Szczepaniak Paweł , Jastrzębski Grzegorz , Winiarska Urszula , Kamiński Maciej , Krukowski Marek 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The article presents the tests that were conducted to examine the possibility of the fuel filter shank’s thread shearing under the impact of hydrostatic pressure. Increased wear due to friction was confirmed on the threads of the titanium shanks that were tested, together with significantly reduced wear of the mating threads and steel sleeves. Shearing tests confirmed that to shear a thread that is worn to a degree similar to the threads that were tested, it is necessary to apply eight times more static pressure than the maximum pressure in the filter. A comparison of the shape of the coils of the thread that was subjected to the pressure test with the thread from the damaged filter demonstrated a significant difference in the wearing of these elements due to friction.
Analysis of modernization influence on main battle tank properties
Authors: Rybak Piotr , Wiśniewski Andrzej 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Functional quality of caterpillar fighting vehicles can be assessed upon its original project design and technical characteristics. However, lapse of time, technical and technological progress, battlefield dynamics, new and evolving threats can negatively verify both offensive and defensive effectiveness of such vehicles. As a result, appears need of modernization addressing new threats and requirements. Main goal of modernization is to achieve advantage over potential enemy fighting vehicles. This work is an attempt to analyse possible development patches and despite technological and materials progress inseparable increase of the vehicle’s combat weight on operating capabilities of such vehicles.
Effect of Spacing and Nitrogen Level on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Mid hill of Nepal
Authors: Gaire Ramhari , Pant Chudamani , Sapkota Nischal , Dhamaniya Rajan , Bhusal Tej Narayan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of spacing and nitrogen level on growth and yield of maize in Parbat from February to July, 2019. The experiment was laid out in two Factorial Randomized complete Block Design (RCBD) comprising of spacing: 60×15 cm and 60×25 cm and nitrogen: 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha level as treatment with three replications. “Arun-2” variety of maize was planted on clay loam and acidic soil (pH 5.3) having medium in total nitrogen (0.15%), medium in soil available phosphorus (48.1 kg/ha), medium in soil available potassium (218.8 kg/ha) and medium in organic matter content (2.92%). Result shows that yield was significantly increased with increment in N-level up to 90 kg N/ha. The grain yield (5.18 mt/ha) was significantly higher at 90 kg N/ha than at 30 and 60 kg N/ha but at par with 120 kg N/ha. Significant effect on grain yield due to spacing was observed. The grain yield (4.11 mt/ha) obtained at spacing 60×15 cm. Moreover, the highest grain yield showed that highest grain yield (4.33 mt/ha) was obtained under 90 kg N/ha plus 60×15 cm spacing. The result revealed that different spacing and nitrogen level significantly affect the plant height and leaf area index. The plant height and leaf area index were significantly high at close spacing (60×15 cm) and at 120 kg N/ha. Likewise, yield attributing characteristics like cob length, cob diameter, number of kernel/rows, number of kernel row, thousand gran weight were the highest at 90 kg/ha but as par with 120 kg/ha at close spacing (60×15 cm). This study suggested that maize production can be maximized by cultivating “Arun-2” maize fertilizing with 90 kg N/ha and maintaining 60×15 cm spacing.
Perception of stress and coping strategies in a group of people working on a farm – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wojcieszek Agata , Kurowska Anna , Majda Anna , Walas Karolina 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction. Work on a farm is characterized by many dangers that result from the action of biological, chemical and mechanical factors harmful to the functioning of the human body. Farmers experience the psychological and physical burden a lot.

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the overall perceived stress intensity index, coping strategies and stress generating factors in the group of people working on a farm, as well as to determine the relationship between these variables and sociodemographic factors.

Material and methods. The study was conducted in 2019 and 165 people working on a farm located in Lesser Poland participated in it. Standardized research tools were used – the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Brief COPE Inventory and original questionnaire. During the data analysis the significance level was α = 0.05.

Results. Over half of the respondents felt average levels of stress. People working on a farm used the strategies: Active coping, Planning, Acceptance the most often, and the strategies: Substance use, Denial and Behavioural disengagement – the least. There is a relationship between the perception of stress and age, the level of agricultural education and the professional status of the respondents.

Conclusions. Most of the people working on the farm felt the average level of stress and they were dealing with this mainly using problem-oriented strategies. However, with the increase in tension caused by stress, respondents significantly more often reached for less effective remedial strategies
Knowledge of nursing students about breast cancer prevention
Authors: Cichomska Julita , Sak-Dankosky Natalia , Czarkowska-Pączek Bożena 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction. Breast cancer has been one of the biggest oncological problems both in Poland and around the world. In 2014, a total of 17,379 new cases of this disease were diagnosed in Poland, which constitutes 22% of all cancer types in women. A growing number of women suffering from this type of cancer poses a challenge for the future nurses who should have enough knowledge to professionally plan and implement high quality care to their patients.

Aim. To investigate whether nursing students have knowledge about breast cancer prevention.

Methods. The study was conducted in 2019 and included 166 nursing students from the Medical University of Warsaw. The diagnostic survey method was used to collect data, and with the author’s consent, a survey developed by dr Jolanta Sielska was used.

Results. Over a half of the respondents (67.58%) knew correct answers regarding the principles of breast cancer prevention. Out of maximum of 22 points, students in average scored a total of 14.87 points, indicating a good level of knowledge regarding this issue. The majority of students (96.39%) claimed they knew the principles of breast self-examination. One fourth of the respondents (26.51%) rated their knowledge in the field of breast cancer prevention as 7 on a scale from 1 to 10. There was no correlation between students’ self-assessment of their knowledge and the actual level of knowledge regarding this topic.

Conclusions. Nursing students from the Medical University of Warsaw generally have good knowledge about breast cancer prevention. This suggests that they are prepared to educate their future patients during professional work.
The Art on Megalithical Relics of Waruga in North Minahasa
Authors: Fahriani Ipak 
Published: June 2020

Wilayah Minahasa merupakan daerah yang cukup potensial memiliki tinggalan budaya megalitik, salah satunya adalah wadah kubur batu “waruga”, yang tersebar di hampir seluruh bagian wilayah Minahasa. Salah satu keunikan kubur batu waruga ini terletak pada Ragam hias yang terdapat pada bagian wadah dan tutup waruga. Penggambaran ragam hias pada obyek tersebut ternyata memiliki berbagai fungsi, sehingga menarik untuk dikaji bagaimana perkembangan budaya Minahasa melalui ragam hias yang ada di Waruga. Pengumpulan data dalam tulisan ini bersifat deskriptif yang diperoleh berdasarkan survei yang dilakukan terhadap situs Waruga di Minahasa Utara. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang telah dilakukan, ternyata dapat diperkirakan adanya pengetahuan tentang kepercayaan dan seni yang berkembang pada masa berlangsungnya budaya Megalitik di wilayah ini, sehingga dapat diperoleh gambaran tentang berbagai aktivitas yang pernah terjadi di wilayah Minahasa pada masa lampau.
PENGARUH PERBANDINGAN MINYAK KELAPA (Cocos nucifera) DENGAN LEMAK KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) DAN SUHU PEMANASAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK SABUN
Authors: Sari Ni Made Purindah , Wrasiati Luh Putu , Suhendra Lutfi 
Published: June 2020

Soap is one of the cleansers made by chemical reactions between sodium or potassium bases with fatty acids from vegetable oils or animal fats, such as coconut oil, VCO, palm oil, castor oil, olive oil, soybean oil, cocoa fat, tallow and lard. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of comparison of coconut oil with cocoa fat and heating temperature to the characteristics of soap and determine comparison of coconut oil with cocoa fat and heating temperature to produce the best soap characteristics. This study used factorial randomized block design with two factor experiments. The first factor was the comparison of coconut oil with cocoa fat which consists of five experimental levels, namely: 0:60, 15:45, 30:30, 45:15, 60: 0. The second factor was the heating temperature which consists of 3 experimental levels, namely: 60?C, 70?C, 80?C. The results showed that the comparison of coconut oil with cocoa fat and heating temperature and the interaction between the two treatments had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on rendemens, texture, and soap foam. Comparison of coconut oil with cocoa fat and heating temperature had a very significant effect (P<0.01), but the interaction between the two treatments had no significant effect (P>0.05) on soap water content. Comparison of coconut oil with cocoa fat was very significant (P<0.01), but the heating temperature and interaction between the two treatments had no significant effect (P>0.05) on free fatty acids and soap-free alkalis. The best treatment was obtained from an alternative treatment comparison of coconut oil with cocoa fat 15:45 and heating temperature 70?C with soap rendemens of 88.36%, soap texture of 4.90 kg, soap foam content of 72.64%, soap water content of 13.73%, free fatty acid levels of 0.40 (ml equivalent NaOH/g), soap free alkalis of 0.05%.
Keywords : Coconut oil, cocoa fat, heating temperature, saponification, soap