bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lespedeza bicolor Extract Improves Amyloid Beta25 – 35-Induced Memory Impairments by Upregulating BDNF and Activating Akt, ERK, and CREB Signaling in Mice
Authors: Ko Yong-Hyun , Shim Kyu-Yeon , Kim Seon-Kyung , Seo Jee-Yeon , Lee Bo-Ram , Hur Kwang-Hyun , Kim Young-Jung , Kim Seong-Eon , Do Moon Ho , Parveen Amna , Kim Sun Yeou , Lee Seok-Yong , Jang Choon-Gon 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Lespedeza bicolor, a traditional herbal medicine widely used in Australia, North America, and Eastern Asia, has various therapeutic effects on inflammation, nephritis, hyperpigmentation, and diuresis. In this study, to evaluate the effects of L. bicolor on cognitive function, we examined whether L. bicolor improved amyloid beta-induced memory impairment and assessed the possible mechanisms in mice. Catechin, rutin, daidzein, luteolin, naringenin, and genistein were identified in the powdered extract of L. bicolor by HPCL-DAD analyses. In behavioral experiments, L. bicolor (25 and 50 mg/kg, p. o.) significantly improved amyloid beta25 – 35 (6 nmol, intracerebroventricular)-induced cognitive dysfunction in the Y-maze, novel recognition, and passive avoidance tests. Our molecular studies showed L. bicolor (25 and 50 mg/kg, p. o.) significantly recovered the reduced glutathione content as well as increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and acetylcholinesterase activities in the hippocampus. Furthermore, we found that L. bicolor significantly increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and phospho-Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and cAMP response element binding caused by amyloid beta25 – 35 in the hippocampus. In conclusion, L. bicolor exerts a potent memory-enhancing effect on cognitive dysfunction induced by amyloid beta25 – 35 in mice.
A Study of Dentists about Their Knowledge and Practice of Dentine Hypersensitivity
Authors: Izhar Faisal , Nazir Muhammad Ashraf , Majeed Abdul , Almas Khalid 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and practice about dentine hypersensitivity (DH) among dental practitioners.
Materials and Methods A pilot-tested questionnaire was sent to practicing dentists (n = 588) working in private and public sectors in Lahore, Pakistan. The questions assessed dentists’ knowledge about type of pain and predisposing factors of DH. The dentists were asked about their preferred methods of diagnosing and managing the condition.
Statistical Analysis Basic statistics, chi-squared test, and multivariate logistic regression were performed.
Results Most dentists (64.3%) reported examining one to five patients with DH per week in their dental clinics. A large majority (85.4%) indicated DH as a stimulated short pain from a tooth. Recession of gums (96.6%), aggressive brushing (88.2%), and frequent use of teeth whitening procedures (83.1%) were most frequently reported predisposing factors of DH. Among most commonly used methods of diagnosis, spontaneous pain after the application of air blast was reported by 74.8% of the participants and followed by spontaneous patient report confirmed by dental examination (57.7%). Most widely used management approaches of DH included the use of fluoride products (96.2%), use of desensitizing potassium nitrate toothpastes (75%), and application of bonding agents (56.2%). Female versus male dentists (odds ratio [OR]: 7.79, p < 0.001) and private practitioners versus public dentists (OR: 7.34, p < 0.001) were more likely to examine greater number of patients with DH.
Conclusion Dentists used various methods for diagnosing and managing patients with DH. Application of air blast to evaluate spontaneous pain and use of fluoride products were most widely used diagnostic and management preferences, respectively.
A Large Mass Mimicking Calcified Hematoma of the Skull Showing Involvement of Myeloma Cells and a Good Response to Irradiation
Authors: Fujimaki Takamitsu , Hirata Sachiko , Terano Naruhiko , Wakiya Kenji , Kobayashi Masahito 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPatients with multiple myeloma often show skull bone involvement, although in most cases this is manifested as skull erosion and large masses develop only rarely. Here we report a patient who presented with a large cranial mass mimicking a subdural hematoma with calcification. The tumor shrunk with 37.5 Gy of focal irradiation in 15 fractions after biopsy. After irradiation the patient was treated with Bortezomib but died because of adverse events. The differential diagnosis of lenticular lesion of the skull and treatment strategy for large skull mass with myeloma cells are discussed.
Intracranial Injury after a Dog Attack in a Neonate
Authors: Niño-Taravilla Carmen , García-Salido Alberto , Leoz-Gordillo Inés , García-Campos María Teresa , Márquez-Pérez Trinidad Magdalena , Rozas-Gómez Isabel , Serrano-González Ana 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDog bites are a common event, especially in the pediatric population. Common anatomic site of dog bites is the head. Despite this, intracranial injuries due to dog bites are reported anecdotally, especially in neonates. In this article, we reported a 7-day-old female neonate attacked in the head by the family dog. She presented penetrating bilateral intracranial injuries that required urgent surgery and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. She received rabies and tetanus prophylaxis, wide-spectrum antibiotic, and anticonvulsive prophylaxis. She was hospitalized in PICU for 9 days, developing intracranial hypertension. One year after the dog bite, she showed moderate psychomotor retardation and focal epilepsy.
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Squamous Cell Carcinoma at the Tongue: Clinicopathological Analysis in a Thai Population
Authors: Aittiwarapoj Anchisa , Juengsomjit Rachai , Kitkumthorn Nakarin , Lapthanasupkul Puangwan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective Tongue is regarded as one of the common sites of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinicopathological profile of OSCC and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) at the tongue.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinicopathological characteristics of 208 Thai patients diagnosed with SCC and OPMDs at the tongue in the period from 1996 to 2015. Chi-squared test was used to compare differences between patient’s clinical and histopathological features.
Results Seventy-eight tongue SCC and 130 tongue OPMD cases were present over the study period. Slight male predominance was found for tongue SCC, while a slight female predominance was present for tongue OPMDs. Both tongue SCC and tongue OPMDs were mostly diagnosed in the old age patients (>40 years old). The majority of tongue SCC and OPMDs occurred at the tip and lateral of the tongue. The most common histologic grading of tongue SCC was well differentiated and no poor differentiation was found in this study. More than a half of tongue OPMDs showed epithelial dysplasia. Both tongue SCC and OPMDs demonstrated no significant correlation between clinical feature and histopathologic diagnosis.
Conclusions Tongue SCC and OPMDs were particularly found in the elderly population and frequently developed at the tip and lateral of the tongue. Most of tongue OPMDs, particularly all of tongue erythroplakia, exhibited epithelial dysplasia. For dental practitioners, awareness in the early detection and diagnosis of these tongue lesions should be raised.
The Efficiency of SNP-Based Microarrays in the Detection of Copy-Neutral Events at 15q11.2 and 11p15.5 Loci
Authors: Ozyilmaz Berk , Kirbiyik Ozgur , Ozdemir Taha R. , Kaya Ozge Ozer , Kutbay Yasar B. , Erdogan Kadri M. , Guvenc Merve Saka , Koc Altug 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPrader–Willi, Angelman, Beckwith–Wiedemann, and Russell–Silver are imprinting syndromes. In this study, we aimed to compare the efficiency of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray analysis with methylation-specific Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) in the detection of uniparental disomy in these syndromes. The patient samples with regions of loss of heterozygosity (LOH), covering 15q11.2 and 11p15.5 critical loci, were analyzed with MS-MLPA to demonstrate the efficiency of SNP microarray in the detection of uniparental disomy (UPD). In a total of seven patients, LOH covering 15q11.2 and 11p15.5 critical loci was detected. Two (28.6%) of these seven patients showed aberrant methylation (suggesting UPD) in MS-MLPA. SNP microarray is a useful tool in the detection of LOH; however, it should be used with caution, since false-positive or false-negative LOH results can be obtained. Although methylation analysis is recommended as the first tier test in the diagnosis of most of the imprinting disorders, combining methylation analysis with SNP microarray can enhance our evaluation process.
The Level of awareness of automation technology in the construction industry
Authors: Fadamiro O P , Oke A E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The rapid development of infrastructure in a developing country like Nigeria may require the construction industry to totally embrace the innovative and advance technique of construction through the adoption of automation technology, so as to make construction project more valuable, enhance projects performance and stay competitive in the global and international industry. This study is strictly tailored towards investigating the level of awareness of the automation technique identified in the literature review section of this study. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design using a quantitative approach. A total of 191 construction professionals which include majorly the Architect, Builder, Engineer and Quantity Surveyor were the respondents for the study using a well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed on a five (5) point Likert-type scale having 5 sections of question in all. Data analysis were done using MIS, SD, Kruskal-Wallis and SNK Test. Twenty (25) automation techniques were pin-pointed from previous literature and materials that are linked with automation in construction industry. Study revealed that Computer Aided Design (CAD), cranes and Building Information Modelling (BIM) are the top three (3) techniques that are most aware of in the construction industry, while Concrete electric and infrared curing system, Humanoids and Contour crafting robots has the least rating. The study recommended seminars and workshop themes that are tailored towards the benefit of adopting automation in the construction industry. However, this research focused on level of awareness of automation techniques, future research can focus on cost implication of those techniques
Criteria for measuring Sustainable Construction Project Performance in Nigeria
Authors: Sanmi Olowosile , Ayodeji Oke 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Construction Project (CP) in Nigeria is currently still at a rear end as far as sustainable construction is concerned. Consequently, the objective of this study is to identify criteria necessary for measuring sustainable construction project performance and to elicit perceptions of their relative importance. Thorough review of related studies were deployed to generate a set of factors that makes construction project habitable, attractive and liveable, and also, factors for measuring construction project performance. A total of 87 questionnaires were distributed to seven (7) main groups of project participants namely; client, project manager, architect, quantity surveyor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer and builder/civil/structural engineer who participated on nine (9) case study projects. The survey findings indicate that quality performance and productivity both with 81.6% of importance, innovation with 80.4% of importance, health and safety with 80.2% of importance and client’s satisfaction with 80% of importance are the most important factors to consider while measuring sustainable construction project performance. For a construction project to be habitable, safety and incident risk, acoustic comfort and visual comfort are the most important factors to consider. When considering how attractive construction project should be, art in architecture, unique style, terrain choice and harmonious surrounding are the most important factors to consider. Also, when considering the liveability of a construction project, space efficiency, ventilation and public accessibility are the most important factors to consider. Finally, this research recommended that the factors listed above, are key factors to consider at the design stage of any construction project for both the designer and the regulatory agencies, and these factors are to be monitored throughout the construction process since they are vital in measuring the performance of any sustainable construction project to infer a more desirable and satisfactory sustainable building.
Climate Variability and Renewable Energy Planning
Authors: Emetere M.E. , Akinyemi M.L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The impact of climate change is a global event. Its significant role in the climate system altered meteorological parameters over geographical locations. MISR satellite data have shown that climatic variability has impact on rainfall and surface vegetation; and increased aerosol loading and solar radiation. This research comparatively compared the meteorological parameters as well as its potentially accruable energy. The dataset was obtained from the automatic weather station (AWS). The location of research is Ota, southwest region of Nigeria. The research recommends that a more sophisticated technology may be required to boost wind and solar energy generation in the area.
Solar Powered Soil Condition Activated Irrigation System with Automated Bird Repellant
Authors: Nnebedum B. , Oyewande O.E. , Adepitan O. , Omeje M. , Akinplu A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Irrigation plays a very important role in agriculture. Not all geographical regions utilize irrigation which is an important activity that is expensive. For the regions where irrigation is used, it commonly amounts to significant energy consumption. Traditional methods of farming are time-consuming and can only be efficient on a small scale. This project was implemented to make irrigation progressively inventive, easy to use, more efficient and cheaper than the current irrigation system and to solve traditional farming problems like an attack on crops by bird thereby increasing agricultural productivity. This system incorporates a soil moisture sensor to guarantee the application of water to soil adequately. It uses a PIR sensor and a buzzer to solve the problem of attack on crops by birds. This project is powered by a solar panel which is one of the cheapest form of renewable energy and environmentally friendly. The main objective of this project is to upturn the agricultural productivity of the nation by automating the irrigation process. Bird attacks on farmlands are also responsible for destroying a vast amount of crops. One of the traditional problems of agriculture is that farmers frequently neglect to water their plants; it can be as a result of inattentiveness or because of the fact that the farmers are far from home. The utilization of the soil moisture sensor limits the human presence. The microcontroller utilizes the real-time readings of the sensors and automates the irrigation and bird repellent process. From the results, it was observed that the irrigation time was higher in totally dry clay compared to partially wet clay and wet clay respectively. For clay, the irrigation time is in order of magnitude dry clay > partial wet clay > wet clay of the irrigation other soil samples. For the loamy soil, the dry soil was higher. It follows the same trend as the clay in magnitude. It can be found in sandy soil that the wet sample was higher than the totally dry and partially wet sandy soil in terms irrigation time
Design and Construction of Density Based Traffic Control System
Authors: Usikalu M. R. , Okere A. , Ayanbisi O. , Adagunodo T. A. , Babarimisa I. O. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Congestion is a serious issue due to vechicular traffic. One of the known causes of traffic congestion is the amount of time spend waiting for the red light to change to green. The changing of traffic light is hard-coded and it is not reliant on traffic volume. There is therefore need to simulate and optimize traffic control to better accommodate density based traffic rather than time based. This system attempts to lessen possibilities of traffic jams brought about by traffic lights to a reasonable degree. This project, a density based traffic control system is been implemented to solve this problem. The system entails programming an Arduino using Arduino integrated development environment (IDE) to enable traffic lights give the right of access to the road by selecting the lane with the high number of cars. The traffic lights are modified to chip away at an auspicious premise until there is a signal identified by the infrared sensors. The sensor identifies an object (i.e. a vehicle, a motorcycle etc) and signals the Arduino to control the traffic lights for its individual path. Once there is no sign identified by any of the four sensors the traffic lights keep on dealing with an auspicious premise. The mean response time of the sensor was found to be 0.39 seconds. Further research is recommended to produce the device on a large scale to be deployed to all roads in the country.
Corporate Social Responsibility & Brand Loyalty in The Nigerian Telecommunication Industry
Authors: Akhigbe J O , Olokoyo F O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The existing literature on Corporate Social Responsibility with regards to consumer responsiveness towards the organization is currently split and filled with inconsistencies. This reality makes theory building quite difficult. Therefore, further studies will be necessary to build theory consensus and update the existing literature. This study attempts to evaluate the effects of corporate social responsibility on brand loyalty in a developing nation such as Nigeria, with special focus on its telecommunication industry. Data gathering was carried out through the distribution of 386 questionnaires to the customers of the four largest mobile telecommunication firms in Nigeria. Simple linear regression was used in testing the formulated hypothesis. Findings from the hypothesis testing reveals there is no significant relationship between corporate social responsibility and brand loyalty in the Nigerian telecommunication sector. However, favorable price point, good quality service and good customer care were some of the attributes the customers emphasized on as regards to what determines their brand loyalty. Based on the findings from this study, firms are recommended to integrate CSR policies into their core operations. CSR should be focused on providing solutions to Nigeria’s social economic challenges. A concise policy should be initiated to ensure clear information and reporting channels are duly released to every stakeholder group. Without diligent reporting of CSR activities, customers can easily assume the firms do not engage in CSR practices.
Research of hydraulic reliability of water supply network based on the simulation of EPANET
Authors: Duan Xiaolong , Zong Yongchen , Hao Kaiyue , Huang Decai , Li Yuanwei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Based on cascading failure, the model of EPANET is used to analyze the system reliability of water supply network and node impact evaluation and pipeline evaluation. Then three conclusions are obtained by calculation. The first conclusion is the hydraulic reliability of the water supply pipe network is related to the node and the pipe section. And the results of the analysis can correspond to the consequences of pipeline failure which can be used as a basis for evaluating pipeline. The second conclusion is the node can be divided into the failure node and the influence node based on node impact evaluation of the water supply network. And the failure node can be set to monitor the water supply system focus because of the sensitivity of these two types of nodes to cascading failure. The third conclusion is the pipeline evaluation is a comprehensive evaluation of pipeline operation and node influence, and pipeline can be divided into key sections, the main pipe, the general pipe, and the key pipe and the main pipe are the greatest threats to the hydraulic reliability of the water supply pipe network, so they should be considered as the key part of system optimization and system monitoring.
Research on Machining Fixture of Near-Net-Shaped Jet Engine Blade
Authors: Wu Dongbo , Chen Yunhai , Zhen Xuesong , Zhang Kaiyao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper focus on the design and verification of the machining fixture on the background of the adaptive processing technology. Firstly, the positioning and clamping scheme of near-net-shaped jet engine blades are introduced and analyzed, especially the new materials (Polyetheretherketone (PEEK-GF30)) and new structure are applied to fixture, and corresponding fixture is designed, manufactured and applied to engineering. Secondly, the relationship between the blade clamping deformation and clamping force is analyzed by finite element method (FEA). Thirdly, blade cutting deformation is analyzed by cutting experiment. The results show that this new material and structure fixture combined with CNC adaptive processing technology can achieve the precision machining of near-net-shaped jet engine blades Tenon root.
The French Mandate in Lebanon
Authors: Hakim Carol 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A century after the victorious Allied powers distributed their spoils of victory in 1919, the world still lives with the geopolitical consequences of the mandates system established by the League of Nations. The Covenant article authorizing the new imperial dispensation came cloaked in the old civilizationist discourse, entrusting sovereignty over “peoples not yet able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world” to the “advanced nations” of Belgium, England, France, Japan, and South Africa. In this series of “reflections” on the mandates, ten scholars of Europe, Africa, the Middle East, Asia, and the international order consider the consequences of the new geopolitical order birthed by World War I. How did the reshuffling of imperial power in the immediate postwar period configure long-term struggles over minority rights, decolonization, and the shape of nation-states when the colonial era finally came to a close? How did the alleged beneficiaries—more often the victims—of this “sacred trust” grasp their own fates in a world that simultaneously promised and denied them the possibility of self-determination? From Palestine, to Namibia, to Kurdistan, and beyond, the legacies of the mandatory moment remain pressing questions today.