bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vegetable dietary pattern may protect mild and persistent allergic rhinitis phenotype depending on genetic risk in school children
Authors: Oh Hea Young , Lee So‐Yeon , Yoon Jisun , Cho Hyun‐Ju , Kim Young‐Ho , Suh Dong In , Yang Song‐I , Kwon Ji‐Won , Jang Gwang Cheon , Sun Yong Han , Woo Sung‐Il , Youn You‐Sook , Park Kang Seo , Cho Hwa Jin , Kook Myung‐Hee , Yi Hye Ryoung , Chung Hai Lee , Kim Ja Hyeong , Kim Hyung Young , Jung Sungsu , Jung Jin‐A , Woo Hyang‐Ok , Koo Kyeong Ok , Kwon Sung‐Ok , Lee Jeom‐Kyu , Chang Woo‐Sung , Kim Eunseol , Lee Jeongrim , Kim Sangrok , Hong Soo‐Jong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe effect of diet on allergic rhinitis (AR), its severity in children, and whether it modifies AR depending on genetic susceptibility are unknown. We investigated the association between dietary patterns and AR in school children and the influence of diet on AR according to a genetic risk score (GRS).MethodsTotally, 435 7‐year‐old school children were recruited from the Panel Study on Korean Children. We used dietary patterns (vegetable, sugar, and meat) and dietary inflammatory index (DII) as dietary parameters. AR and its severity were defined by questionnaires about treatment in the previous 12 months and the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guideline, respectively. A GRS was calculated using 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms for allergic diseases.ResultsA vegetable diet containing a lot of anti‐inflammatory nutrients and higher vitamin D level in blood were negatively correlated, while DII was positively correlated with triglyceride level and triglyceride/HDL cholesterol. Vegetable diet (aOR, 95% CI = 0.73, 0.58‐0.94) and DII (1.13, 1.01‐1.28) were associated with AR risk. In particular, a high‐vegetable diet resulted in a lower risk of mild and persistent AR (aOR, 95% CI = 0.24, 0.10‐0.56) while a high DII represented a higher risk (2.33, 1.06‐5.10). The protective effect of vegetable diet on AR appeared only among children with a lower GRS (adjusted P = .018).ConclusionsA vegetable dietary pattern characterized by high intake of anti‐inflammatory nutrients and higher vitamin D level in blood might be associated with a lower risk of mild and persistent AR. This beneficial effect is modified by a genetic factor.
Physical activity and its correlates in a pediatric solid‐organ transplant population
Authors: Lui Samantha , de Souza Astrid , Sharma Atul , Fairbairn Julie , Schreiber Richard , Armstrong Kathryn , Blydt‐Hansen Tom 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPA has been shown to have benefits in SOT patients. Studies assessing physical activity levels and its correlates in a pediatric solid‐organ transplant population are limited. The aim of this study was to assess PA levels and identify baseline and contemporaneous factors that contribute to PA in a pediatric SOT population. A retrospective cross‐sectional review was performed on 58 pediatric transplant patients (16 heart, 29 kidney, and 13 liver transplant). PA was measured by PAQ‐C or PAQ‐A. Demographics, baseline, and contemporaneous factors were collected. There were no significant differences in baseline and contemporaneous characteristics between heart, kidney, and liver transplant recipients. SOT recipients were 15.2 [12.3‐17.3] years old at time of completing the PAQ. Median PAQ score was 2.2 [1.7‐2.9]. There were no significant differences in PAQ scores between organ transplant type or between genders. Lower PAQ score was associated with sensory disability (9 vs 49 without disability; P = <.01) and age at time of completing the PAQ (r = −.50, P = <.01). These results suggest that older age at time of completing the PAQ and presence of sensory disability may influence PA levels in the pediatric SOT population.
Coinfection of soybean plants with Phytophthora sojae and soybean cyst nematode does not alter the efficacy of resistance genes
Authors: Audette Carolane , Bélanger Richard R. , Mimee Benjamin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe soybean cyst nematode (SCN) Heterodera glycines and the oomycete Phytophthora sojae are among the most damaging pathogens of soybean worldwide. Resistant cultivars are commonly used to manage these diseases. As it is known that the presence of SCN can facilitate the development of other pathogens, it is important to verify if there is a synergistic activity between SCN and P. sojae. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a possible interaction on susceptible and resistant soybean lines. The plants were inoculated with one or both organisms at different stages (5 or 10 days old). Two levels of SCN inoculum (2,000 and 10,000 eggs/plant) and different timing between SCN and P. sojae inoculation (2, 5, or 8 days) were compared. The results on 5‐day‐old plants showed that SCN did not influence P. sojae development. The resistant cultivar to P. sojae remained effective (0% mortality) and susceptible cultivars exhibited high mortality (100%) in the presence or absence of SCN. Experiments on 10‐day‐old plants showed that SCN resistance was not affected by the presence of P. sojae. SCN inoculum density and timing of P. sojae infection did not affect the virulence of these pathogens and the efficacy of resistance genes. However, the number of SCN cysts was decreased by more than 50% (p < .001) when P. sojae was coinfesting the susceptible cultivar. This suggests that P. sojae might indirectly influence SCN development by reducing the root mass. This study confirmed that resistant cultivars remain a valid option for the management of P. sojae and SCN.
Understanding the Relationship Between Direct Experience and Risk Perception of Natural Hazards
Authors: Bronfman Nicolás C. , Cisternas Pamela C. , Repetto Paula B. , Castañeda Javiera V. , Guic Eliana 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRisk perception has been largely examined in studies that have aimed to explain and predict preparedness behavior in the context of natural hazards. Findings from studies on the relationship between previous experience, preparedness, and risk perception in disaster situations have been inconsistent. Hence, the main goal of this work was to explore the influence of physical and emotional experience on risk perception regarding natural hazards. This study was conducted in a statistically representative sample of the city of Iquique, in northern Chile (n = 701), who completed a survey one month after the occurrence of an earthquake and tsunami (8.2 Mw). The survey assessed the experience and preparation actions of survivors in relation to this event.Using a structural equation model, we examined nine proposed relationships, six of which were significant. The final model had an adequate fit (χ² = 752.23, df = 283, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.90, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.049). Direct experience showed the greatest influence on risk perception: while direct physical experience (i.e., the physical and material consequences associated with the earthquake) maintained a direct positive effect on risk perception, direct emotional experience (i.e., the fear of experiencing an earthquake) produced an indirect positive effect (through worry). Emotional experience, however, did not directly influence current preparedness and risk perception. Implications for understanding the relationship between risk perception and direct experience are discussed.
Nutrient consumption in India: Evidence from a village study
Authors: Dutta Indranil , Kapoor Shruti , Pattanaik Prasanta K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAdequate nutrition is generally regarded as a core dimension in any evaluation of well‐being. In the context of India, a country with a high prevalence of poor nutrition, there is a dearth of nutrition studies with adequate coverage and comparability. Using primary data on food consumption from a village in a poorer state of India, we study the consumption of five key nutrients, namely, calories, protein, carbohydrates, calcium and iron. Among the various determinants of nutrition, we find that expenditure has a significant impact on nutrition and the expenditure elasticity of nutrition is comparatively high for all the key nutrients. By correcting for potential endogeneity, we demonstrate a causal link from expenditure and food subsidy provided by the public distribution system to nutritional intake. There is some evidence that household characteristics such as household size and gender of the household head matter for nutrition; however, they are not robust under various specifications.
RcMYB84 and RcMYB123 mediate jasmonate‐induced defense responses against Botrytis cinerea in rose (Rosa chinensis)
Authors: Ren Haoran , Bai Mengjuan , Sun Jingjing , Liu Jinyi , Ren Min , Dong Yuwei , Wang Na , Ning Guogui , Wang Changquan 
Published: June 2020

SUMMARYJasmonates (JAs) are important for pathogen resistance in many plants, but the role of these phytohormones in fungal pathogen resistance in rose is unclear. Here, we determined that exogenous application of methyl jasmonate increased resistance to the important fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea in Rosa chinensis ‘Old blush’, whereas silencing the JA biosynthetic pathway gene Allene Oxide Synthase (AOS) and JA co‐receptor gene CORONATINE INSENSITIVE 1 (COI1) suppressed this response. Transcriptome profiling identified various MYB transcription factor genes that responded to both JA and B. cinerea treatment. Silencing Ri‐RcMYB84/Ri‐RcMYB123 increased the susceptibility of rose plants to B. cinerea and inhibited the protective effects of JA treatment, confirming the crucial roles of these genes in JA‐induced responses to B. cinerea. JAZ1, a key repressor of JA signaling, directly interacts with RcMYB84 and RcMYB123 to deplete their free pools. The JAZ1‐RcMYB84 complex binds to the RcMYB123 promoter via the CAACTG motifs to block its transcription. Upon JA treatment, the expression of RcMYB123 is de‐repressed, and free forms of RcMYB84 and RcMYB123 are released due to JAZ1 degradation, thereby activating the defense responses of plants to B. cinerea. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying JA‐induced pathogen resistance in roses.
PGRL1 overexpression in Phaeodactylum tricornutum inhibits growth and reduces apparent PSII activity
Authors: Zhou Lu , Gao Shan , Wu Songcui , Han Danxiang , Wang Hui , Gu Wenhui , Hu Qiang , Wang Jing , Wang Guangce 
Published: June 2020

SummaryProton gradient regulation 5‐like photosynthetic phenotype 1 (PGRL1)‐dependent cyclic electron transport around photosystem I (PSI) plays important roles in the response to different stresses, including high light. Although the function of PGRL1 in higher plants and green algae has been thoroughly investigated, little information is available on the molecular mechanism of PGRL1 in diatoms. We created PGRL1 overexpression and knockdown transformants of Phaeodactylum tricornutum, the diatom model species, and investigated the impact on growth and photosynthesis under constant and fluctuating light conditions. PGRL1 over‐accumulation resulted in significant decreases in growth rate and apparent photosystem II (PSII) activity and led to an opposing change of apparent PSII activity when turning to high light, demonstrating a similar influence on photosynthesis as a PSII inhibitor. Our results suggested that PGRL1 overexpression can reduce the apparent efficiency of PSII and inhibit growth in P. tricornutum. These findings provide physiological evidence that the accumulation of PGRL1 mainly functions around PSII instead of PSI.
Precision and accuracy of the Mindray BC‐5000Vet hematology analyzer for canine and feline blood
Authors: Thongsahuan Sorawat , Fonghoi Lalita , Kaewfai Sunita , Srinoun Kanitta 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Mindray BC‐5000Vet hematology analyzer is a flow cytometry‐based automated hematology analyzer that generates a complete blood count with a five‐part white blood cell (WBC) differential count.ObjectivesWe aimed to validate reliability results of the Mindray BC‐5000Vet for use in dog and cat blood.MethodsImprecision was performed using the manufacturer’s quality control material at low, normal, and high levels. Blood sample results of healthy and ill dogs and cats were studied for comparability between manual methods and the Mindray BC‐5000Vet analyzer. Forty dogs and 40 cats were included in the study.ResultsPrecision for red blood cell (RBC) parameters was excellent, with a coefficient of variation within‐run (%CVw) and between‐run (%CVb) of <2%. WBC count and differential count showed %CVw and %CVb <8%; however, %CVw and %CVb of low‐level control material gave >9% eosinophils. The correlation between the BC‐5000 Vet and manual methods in normal and abnormal canine and feline blood samples showed excellent correlations for the RBC counts, hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrits, and WBC counts (r > .93). The differential WBC analysis of canine blood showed good correlation (r = .80‐.92). Feline blood samples showed excellent correlations for neutrophils and lymphocytes, with a good correlation for monocytes and eosinophils.ConclusionsThe Mindray BC‐5000Vet hematology analyzer proved a suitable instrument for routine analysis in dogs and cats with various hematologic abnormalities.
NAVIGATING THE FUTURE IN A SEA OF CRISPR UNCERTAINTY
Authors: Bertka Constance M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHumanity's toolkit for altering the world we live in now includes CRISPR. Through an evolutionary process, bacteria acquired a way to protect themselves from an invading virus, making their immediate future more secure. In human hands, this powerful genome‐editing tool offers the potential to impact, at a breathtaking rate, not only our own evolutionary future, but the future of other life on this planet. Ethical concerns about altering genomes are not new, but the birth of two CRISPR gene‐edited babies last year created a renewed urgency around navigating the future and the lack of an agreed‐upon map to guide us is distressing. The goal of this article is not to provide that map but to suggest two essential questions, drawn from the context of events surrounding CRISPR to date, that should guide its drafting—“Who do we trust?” and “When is it time to act?”—and to consider what Unitarian Universalism might contribute to answering those questions.
EGO‐LESS AGENCY: DHARMA‐RESPONSIVENESS WITHOUT KANTIAN AUTONOMY
Authors: Cummiskey David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMy critical focus in this article is on Rick Repetti's compatibilist conception of free will, and his apparent commitment to a Kantian conception of autonomy, which I argue is in direct conflict with the Buddhist doctrine of no‐self. As an alternative, I defend a conception of ego‐less agency that I believe better coheres with core Buddhist teachings. In the course of the argument, I discuss the competing conceptions of free agency and autonomy defended by Harry Frankfurt, John Martin Fischer, Christine Korsgaard, and David Velleman.
Removing hospital-based triage from suspected colorectal cancer pathways: the impact and learning from a primary care-led electronic straight-to-test pathway
Authors: Orchard Philippa , Arvind Nitin , Wint Alison , Kynaston James , Lyons Ann , Loveday Eric , Pullyblank Anne 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundThe 2-week wait referral pathway for suspected colorectal cancer was introduced in England to improve time from referral from a general practitioner (GP) to diagnosis and treatment. Patients are required to be seen by a hospital clinician within 2 weeks if their symptoms meet the criteria set by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and to start cancer treatment within 62 days. To achieve this, many hospitals have introduced a straight-to-test (STT) strategy requiring hospital-based triage of referrals. We describe the impact and learning from a new pathway which has removed triage and moved the process of requesting tests from hospital to GPs in primary care.MethodAn electronic STT pathway was introduced allowing GPs to book tests supported by a decision aid based on NICE guidance eliminating the need for a standard referral form or triage process. The hospital identified referrals as being on a cancer pathway and dealt with all ongoing management. Routinely collected cancer data were used to identify time to cancer diagnosis compared with national dataResults11357 patients were referred via the new pathway over 3 years. Time from referral to diagnosis reduced from 39 to 21 days and led to a dramatic improvement in patients starting treatment within 62 days. Challenges included adapting to a change in referral criteria and developing a robust hospital system to monitor the pathway.ConclusionWe have changed the way patients with suspected colorectal cancer are managed within the National Health Service by giving GPs the ability to order tests electronically within a monitored cancer pathway halving time from referral to diagnosis
CD103+ tumor-resident CD8+ T cell numbers underlie improved patient survival in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Hewavisenti Rehana , Ferguson Angela , Wang Kevin , Jones Deanna , Gebhardt Thomas , Edwards Jarem , Zhang Mei , Britton Warwick , Yang Jean , Hong Angela , Palendira Umaimainthan 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is one of the fastest growing cancers in the Western world. When compared to OPSCCs induced by smoking or alcohol, patients with HPV+ OPSCC, have better survival and the mechanisms remain unclear.MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was examined for genes associated with tissue-resident CD8+ T cells. Multiplex immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed on tumor specimen taken from 35 HPV+ and 27 HPV- OPSCC patients.ResultsTCGA database revealed that the expression of genes encoding CD103 and CD69 were significantly higher in HPV+ head and neck SCCs (HNSCC) than in HPV- HNSCC. Higher expression levels of these two genes were also associated with better overall survival. IHC staining showed that the proportion of CD103+ tumor-resident CD8+ T cells were significantly higher in HPV+ OPSCCs when compared to HPV- OPSCC. This higher level was also associated with both lower risk of loco-regional failure, and better overall survival. Importantly, patients with HPV- OPSCC who had comparable levels of CD103+ tumor-resident CD8+ T cells to those with HPV+ OPSCC demonstrated similar survival as those with HPV+OPSCC.ConclusionOur results show that CD103+ tumor-resident CD8+ T cells are critical for protective immunity in both types of OPSCCs. Our data further suggest that the enhanced local protective immunity provided by tumor-resident T cell responses is the underlying factor driving favorable clinical outcomes in HPV+ OPSCCs over HPV- OPSCCs.
41BB-based and CD28-based CD123-redirected T-cells ablate human normal hematopoiesis in vivo
Authors: Baroni Matteo Libero , Sanchez Martinez Diego , Gutierrez Aguera Francisco , Roca Ho Heleia , Castella Maria , Zanetti Samanta Romina , Velasco Hernandez Talia , Diaz de la Guardia Rafael , Castaño Julio , Anguita Eduardo , Vives Susana , Nomdedeu Josep , Lapillone Helene , Bras Anne E , van der Velden Vincent H J , Junca Jordi , Marin Pedro , Bataller Alex , Esteve Jordi , Vick Binje , Jeremias Irmela , Lopez Angel , Sorigue Marc , Bueno Clara , Menendez Pablo 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy which is biologically, phenotypically and genetically very heterogeneous. Outcome of patients with AML remains dismal, highlighting the need for improved, less toxic therapies. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART) immunotherapies for patients with refractory or relapse (R/R) AML are challenging because of the absence of a universal pan-AML target antigen and the shared expression of target antigens with normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), which may lead to life-threating on-target/off-tumor cytotoxicity. CD33-redirected and CD123-redirected CARTs for AML are in advanced preclinical and clinical development, and they exhibit robust antileukemic activity. However, preclinical and clinical controversy exists on whether such CARTs are myeloablative.MethodsWe set out to comparatively characterize in vitro and in vivo the efficacy and safety of 41BB-based and CD28-based CARCD123. We analyzed 97 diagnostic and relapse AML primary samples to investigate whether CD123 is a suitable immunotherapeutic target, and we used several xenograft models and in vitro assays to assess the myeloablative potential of our second-generation CD123 CARTs.ResultsHere, we show that CD123 represents a bona fide target for AML and show that both 41BB-based and CD28-based CD123 CARTs are very efficient in eliminating both AML cell lines and primary cells in vitro and in vivo. However, both 41BB-based and CD28-based CD123 CARTs ablate normal human hematopoiesis and prevent the establishment of de novo hematopoietic reconstitution by targeting both immature and myeloid HSPCs.ConclusionsThis study calls for caution when clinically implementing CD123 CARTs, encouraging its preferential use as a bridge to allo-HSCT in patients with R/R AML.
Feasibility and safety of thrombectomy for isolated occlusions of the posterior cerebral artery: a multicenter experience and systematic literature review
Authors: Meyer Lukas , Papanagiotou Panagiotis , Politi Maria , Kastrup Andreas , Kraemer Christoffer , Hanning Uta , Kniep Helge , Broocks Gabriel , Pilgram-Pastor Sara Magdalena , Wallocha Marta , Chapot René , Fiehler Jens , Stracke Christian Paul , Leischner Hannes 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundSubstantial clinical evidence supporting the benefit of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for distal occlusions within the posterior circulation is still missing. This study aims to investigate the procedural feasibility and safety of MT for isolated occlusions of the posterior cerebral artery.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients from three stroke centers with acute ischemic stroke attributed to isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion (IPCAOs) who underwent MT between January 2014 and December 2019. Procedural and safety assessment included successful recanalization rates (defined as Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Scale (TICI) ≥2b), number of MT attempts and first-pass effect (TICI 3), intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), mortality, and intervention-related serious adverse events. Treatment effects were evaluated by the rate of early neurological improvement (ENI) and early functional outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify and summarize previous reports on MT for IPCAOs.ResultsForty-three patients with IPCAOs located in the P1 (55.8%, 24/43), P2 (37.2%, 16/43), and P3 segment (7%, 3/43) were analyzed. The overall rate of successful recanalization (TICI ≥2b) was 86% (37/43), including a first pass-effect of 48.8% (21/43) leading to TICI 3. sICH occurred in 7% (3/43) and there were two cases with iatrogenic vessel dissection and one perforation. ENI was observed in 59% (23/39) and excellent functional outcome (mRS ≤1) in 46.2% (18/39) of patients who were discharged. The in-hospital mortality rate was 9.3% (4/43).ConclusionOur study suggests the technical feasibility and safety of thrombectomy for IPCAOs. Further studies are needed to investigate safety and long-term functional outcomes with posterior circulation stroke-adjusted outcome assessment.