bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiotherapy interventions for pain management in haemophilia: A systematic review
Authors: McLaughlin Paul , Hurley Michael , Chowdary Pratima , Khair Kate , Stephensen David 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeApproximately 35%‐50% of people with haemophilia (PWH) report living with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Although exercise based rehabilitation is effective for pain in other arthritises, there are no published guidelines for management of chronic pain in PWH. This review aims to evaluate and appraise the current evidence of effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions on (a) pain intensity, (b) quality of life (QoL) and (c) function in PWH.MethodsA systematic review of five databases AMED and CINAHL, EMBASE and MEDLINE and PEDro, as well as trial registries, grey literature and hand searching key journals was completed. Included studies were critically appraised and evaluated for risk of bias. The GRADE approach was used to rate the quality of the evidence.ResultsNine trials consisting of 235 participants met the inclusion criteria. All studies had an overall risk of bias with low methodological quality. Meta‐analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity across trials. Studies comparing a range of physiotherapy interventions against no intervention showed no clear beneficial effect on pain intensity or QoL. Only one study, investigating hydrotherapy or land‐based exercise against control, showed positive effect for pain intensity, but rated very low on GRADE assessment. Studies comparing one physiotherapy intervention against another showed no clear benefit on pain intensity, QoL or function. LASER with exercise and hydrotherapy were shown to have some positive effects on pain intensity, but no clear benefit on function.ConclusionsAt present, there is limited evidence for the use of physiotherapy interventions in addressing the issue of pain in PWH. Better designed trials with higher quality and explicit methodology along with user involvement are needed to assess the efficacy of any proposed intervention.
Dermoscopy in differential diagnosis of inflammatory dermatoses and mycosis fungoides
Authors: Bilgic Sultan A. , Cicek Demet , Demir Betul 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe use of dermoscopy for the evaluation of various inflammatory dermatoses has witnessed a gradual increase in recent years. The present study describes and highlights the importance of dermoscopic findings in the differential diagnosis of plaque psoriasis (PP), lichen planus (LP), mycosis fungoides (MF), pityriasis rosea (PR), and nummular dermatitis (ND) that mostly involve the trunk.MethodsThe study included 150 cases (PP:50, LP:30, MF:20, PR:30, ND:20). The lesions were inspected using a polarized dermoscope. The dermoscopic findings of each lesion were evaluated for background color, type, and distribution of vessels, color and distribution of scales, and other additional findings.ResultsWhen the patient groups were evaluated for background color, yellow color was prominent in PR, and light and dull red color was prominent in other groups. Dotted vessels were prominent in PP, PR, and ND, and dotted + linear vessels were significantly more prominent in MF and LP. In the evaluation of the distribution pattern of vessels, PP showed regular, LP showed peripheral, and PR, MF, and ND showed patchy distribution patterns. White scales were prominent in PP, PR, and MF, and yellow‐white scales were prominent in LP and ND. Only PR had a predominant peripheral distribution of scales, while other groups had a patchy distribution.ConclusionsIn conclusion, it was observed that PP, LP, MF, PR, and ND exhibited specific dermoscopic patterns that might be useful in clinical diagnosis.
Bibliometric analysis of breast cancer research in the period 2009–2018
Authors: Özen Çınar İlgun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to carry out a bibliometric analysis of breast cancer studies in the field of nursing conducted between 2009 and 2018 and to reveal the trends, dynamics and scientific outputs in the field.MethodsA bibliometric analysis was performed using CiteSpace II software to determine the characteristics of research incorporated in the international citation indexes and published in breast cancer research in the context of nursing studies. In the Web of Science database, the subjects of breast cancer and nursing were selected, and a total of 2,734 articles published in the last decade were reviewed.ResultsThere was an increase in the number of publications after 2014. The United States had the highest level of country collaborations and the highest degree of centrality. The most densely researched topic in the largest subject cluster was breast cancer. The most commonly used keywords were breast cancer, quality of life and women.ConclusionBreast cancer research in the field of nursing has increased in the last decade, and the United States ranked first in terms of publications in this nursing field.
‘Ideational power’ as a resource in union struggle
Authors: Preminger Jonathan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractContributing to our understanding of ideas as power resources in union struggle, this article analyses a labour dispute in Israel's shipping industry. The article follows the union's foregrounding of a specific idea of the state contained within the collective understanding of Israel's history, by which the union legitimised its position in the dispute and significantly influenced a government decision. The article therefore suggests that ideas can be an important power resource, particularly when other power resources are lacking but that this power resource is dependent on the specific ideational context: effective foregrounded ideas draw on a shared narrative that enables political actors to claim the moral high ground, while accusing their adversaries of failing to fulfil their moral obligations as understood via the frame of that shared narrative.
Tunable chromaticity and high color rendering index of WLEDs with CaAlSiN3:Eu2+and YAG:Ce3+dual phosphor‐in‐silica‐glass
Authors: Huang Ping , Zhao Yuye , Wang Jiancheng , Zheng Yaru , Yang Peng , Zheng Qi , Gu Shijia , Zhou Beiying , Jiang Wan , Wang Lianjun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPhosphors‐in‐glass (PiG), which serves as a potential bi‐replacement of both phosphors and organic encapsulants in high‐power white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs), has captured much attention due to its high thermal stability and excellent luminescent properties. However, due to the high‐temperature sensitivity and the chemical reactions between phosphors with glass matrix, a variety of phosphors, especially red phosphors could be hardly dispersed into the glass without thermal quenching and decomposition, which greatly limits the improvement of color rendering index and chromaticity tunability of the WLEDs. In this study, adopting the mesoporous silica (FDU‐12) and commercial phosphors as raw materials, the phosphors‐in‐silica‐glasses (PiSGs) embedded with red phosphor CaAlSiN3:Eu2+and yellow phosphor YAG:Ce3+have been successfully prepared at low sintering temperature (950°C) and short preparation time (10 minutes) using spark plasma sintering. Owing to the well preservation of the originally emissive properties of the embedded phosphors, the warm WLEDs with tunable chromaticity and exhibited a superior performance with LE of 133 lm/W, CCT of 3970 K and CRI of 81 were fabricated by encapsulating the as‐prepared PiSGs on the blue chips. Moreover, the PiSG composite exhibits a high thermal conductivity up to 1.6 W/m·K.
Broadened effect of Dy around 3 μm of Yb/Er/Dy: PbF2 crystal for broadband tunable lasers
Authors: Wang Yuhao , Zhang Peixiong , Zhu Siqi , Yin Hao , Li Zhen , Ji Encai , Hang Yin , Li Haifeng , Chen Zhenqiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIt is well known that the laser crystal with mid‐infrared (MIR) broadened and enhanced luminescence is of great significance for various applications, such as atmospheric monitoring, medical surgery and compact, and efficient coherent sources. Herein, we exploit the sensitization and deactivation effects of Yb3+/Dy3+ ions to achieve broadening and enhancement ~3 μm emission of Er3+: 4I11/2→4I13/2 transition in Yb3+/Er3+/Dy3+: PbF2 crystal. The energy transfer (ET) mechanism between Yb3+, Er3+, and Dy3+ was studied. A broadened and enhanced emission with a full width at half maximum of 265 nm was obtained at ~3 μm due to the fact that Er3+ and Dy3+ ions were used as the emission center at the same time. On the one hand, the incorporation of Dy3+ ion can solve the self‐termination bottleneck effect of Er3+ ion, reducing the lifetime of Er3+: 4I13/2 level. On the other hand, Dy3+ ion can simultaneously serve as the emission center of 3 μm, broadening and enhancing the emission of 3 μm. The experiments show that the corresponding ET efficiency Er3+: 4I13/2→Dy3+: 6H11/2 level is as high as 98.0%, indicating that Dy3+ ion can be used as an effective deactivating ion, benefitting to achieve broadening and enhancing MIR emission around 3 μm. Hence, the Yb3+/Er3+/Dy3+: PbF2 crystal is an attractive laser medium for MIR broadband tunable laser applications.
The effect of microencapsulated phase change materials on the rheology of geopolymer and Portland cement mortars
Authors: Pilehvar Shima , Szczotok Anna M. , Carmona Manuel , Pamies Ramón , Kjøniksen Anna‐Lena 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe effect of microencapsulated phase‐change materials (MPCM) on the rheological properties of pre‐set geopolymer and Portland cement mortars was examined. Microcapsules with hydrophilic and hydrophobic shells were compared. The shear rate dependency of the viscosities fitted well to a double Carreau model. The zero shear viscosities are higher for geopolymer mortar, illustrating poorer workability. The time evolution of the viscosities was explored at shear rates of 1 and 10 s−1. New empirical equations were developed to quantify the time‐dependent viscosity changes. The highest shear rate disrupted the buildup of the mortar structures much more than the lower shear rate. Microcapsules with a hydrophobic shell affect the rheological properties much less than the microcapsules with a hydrophilic shell, due to the higher water adsorption onto the hydrophilic microcapsules. Shear forces was found to break down the initial structures within geopolymer mortars more easily than for Portland cement mortars, while the geopolymer reaction products are able to withstand shear forces better than Portland cement hydration products. Initially, the viscosity of geopolymer mortars increases relatively slowly during due to formation of geopolymer precursors; at longer times, there is a steeper viscosity rise caused by the development of a 3D‐geopolymer network. Disruption of agglomerates causes the viscosities of portland cement mortars to decrease during the first few minutes, after which the hydration process (increasing viscosities) competes with shear‐induced disruption of the structures (decreasing viscosities), resulting in a complex viscosity behavior.
A qualitative meta‐synthesis investigating the experiences of the patient’s family when treatment is withdrawn in the intensive care unit
Authors: Coventry Alysia , Ford Rosemary , Rosenberg John , McInnes Elizabeth 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo synthesize qualitative studies of patients’ families’ experiences and perceptions of end‐of‐life care in the intensive care unit when life‐sustaining treatments are withdrawn.DesignQualitative meta‐synthesis.Data sourcesComprehensive search of 18 electronic databases for qualitative studies published between January 2005 ‐ February 2019.Review MethodMeta‐aggregation.ResultsThirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. A conceptual ‘Model of Preparedness’ was developed reflecting the elements of end‐of‐life care most valued by families: ‘End‐of‐life communication’; ‘Valued attributes of patient care’; ‘Preparing the family’; ‘Supporting the family’; and ‘Bereavement care’.ConclusionA family‐centred approach to end‐of‐life care that acknowledges the values and preferences of families in the intensive care unit is important. Families have unmet needs related to communication, support, and bereavement care. Effective communication and support are central to preparedness and if these care components are in place, families can be better equipped to manage the death, their sadness, loss, and grief. The findings suggest that health professionals may benefit from specialist end‐of‐life care education to support families and guide the establishment of preparedness.ImpactUnderstanding the role and characteristics of preparedness during end‐of‐life care will inform future practice in the intensive care unit and may improve family member satisfaction with care and recovery from loss. Nurses are optimally positioned to address the perceived shortfalls in end‐of‐life care. These findings have implications for health education, policies, and standards for end‐of‐life care in the intensive care unit.
Elements of metacommunity structure of diatoms and macroinvertebrates within stream networks differing in environmental heterogeneity
Authors: He Siwen , Chen Kai , Soininen Janne , Heino Jani , Ding Ning , Wang Beixin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimIdealized metacommunity structures (i.e. checkerboard, random, quasi‐structures, nested, Clementsian, Gleasonian and evenly spaced) have recently gained increasing attention, but their relationships with environmental heterogeneity and how they vary with organism groups remain poorly understood. Here, we tested two main hypotheses: (a) gradient‐driven patterns (Clementsian and Gleasonian) occur frequently in heterogeneous environments and (b) small organisms (here, diatoms) are more likely to exhibit gradient‐driven patterns than large organisms (here, macroinvertebrates).LocationStreams in three regions in China.TaxonDiatoms and macroinvertebrates.MethodsThe stream diatom and macroinvertebrate data, as well as the environmental data collected from the same set of sites were used to examine the idealized metacommunity structures via the elements of the metacommunity structure (EMS; coherence, turnover and boundary clumping) analysis in three regions. We extended the traditional EMS approach by ordering sites along known environmental gradients.ResultsWe found that Clementsian structure with high degrees of coherence and turnover, and significantly positive clumping was typically observed in the high‐heterogeneity regions, whereas randomness was prevalent in the low‐heterogeneity region. Macroinvertebrates exhibited clearer Clementsian structures compared with diatoms, while diatoms showed more randomness compared with macroinvertebrates, indicating a stronger role of environmental filtering for macroinvertebrates than diatoms. In most cases, the results of the more novel EMS approach differed from the results of the traditional EMS technique.Main conclusionsOur results suggested that the occurrence of different metacommunity structures may be related with the degree of regional environmental heterogeneity. However, diatom metacommunities were more random than those of macroinvertebrate, and such an unexpected result may result from different dispersal abilities between the two organism groups. In addition, we found that the novel EMS approach increased power in discerning metacommunity structure in comparison to the traditional EMS technique.
Global mycorrhizal fungal range sizes vary within and among mycorrhizal guilds but are not correlated with dispersal traits
Authors: Kivlin Stephanie N. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimMycorrhizal fungi associate with the majority of plant species with large consequences on ecosystem nutrient, carbon and water cycling. Two main types of mycorrhizal fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi, dominate terrestrial ecosystems. Most global distribution modelling of AM and EM associations describe the distribution of AM and EM plants, and not fungi directly. However, significant functional trait variation occurs within AM and EM fungal guilds. Therefore, modelling range sizes and determinants of these ranges of fungi directly is likely to create spatial maps that are a better proxy of ecosystem function than guild‐level lumping of AM and EM plant distributions.LocationGlobal.TaxaArbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi.MethodsHere I calculated the ranges of 164 AM and 67 EM fungal taxa at the global scale and related range sizes to differences in spore sizes as a proxy of dispersal potential. If dispersal limitation affects range sizes, I expected that EM fungi with smaller spores would have larger ranges than AM fungi with larger spores. If spore size was not related to range size, this would indicate factors other than passive dispersal control global mycorrhizal fungal ranges.ResultsOverall, AM fungal taxa had larger ranges than EM fungal taxa. AM fungi also had larger spore sizes than EM fungi. Range sizes within both AM and EM fungal taxa were phylogenetically conserved; closely related AM and EM fungi have similar range sizes. Closely related EM fungi also had similar spore sizes. However, spore size was not related to range size for either mycorrhizal fungal guild after phylogenetic correction, except for EM fungi in the Northern hemisphere.Main ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence that range size for both mycorrhizal fungal guilds is for the most part not determined by dispersal limitation, suggesting instead that environmental tolerance or plant host distributions determine mycorrhizal fungal ranges. Future surveys of the same plant species across environmental gradients will elucidate abiotic versus host plant influence on mycorrhizal fungal niches.
Differences between gap‐related persistent conduction and carina‐related persistent conduction during radiofrequency pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Mulder Mark J. , Kemme Michiel J. B. , Götte Marco J. W. , van de Ven Peter M. , Hauer Herbert A. , Tahapary Giovanni J. M. , van Rossum Albert C. , Allaart Cornelis P. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundDuring pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), nonisolation after initial encircling of the pulmonary veins (PVs) may be due to gaps in the initial ablation line, or alternatively, earliest PV activation may occur on the intervenous carina and ablation within the wide‐area circumferential ablation (WACA) circle is needed to eliminate residual conduction. This study investigated prognostic implications and predictors of gap‐related persistent conduction (gap‐RPC) and carina‐related persistent conduction (carina‐RPC) during PVI.Methods and ResultsTwo hundred fourteen atrial fibrillation (AF) patients (57% paroxysmal, 61% male, mean age 62 ± 9 years) undergoing first contact force‐guided radiofrequency PVI were studied. Preprocedural cardiac computed tomography imaging was used to assess left atrial and PV anatomy. PVI was assessed directly after initial WACA circle creation, after a minimum waiting period of 30 minutes, and after adenosine infusion. Persistent conduction was targeted for additional ablation and classified as gap‐RPC or carina‐RPC, depending on the earliest activation site. The 1‐year AF recurrence rate was higher in patients with gap‐RPC (47%) compared to patients without gap‐RPC (28%; P = .003). No significant difference in 1‐year recurrence rate was found between patients with carina‐RPC (37%) and patients without carina‐RPC (31%; P = .379). Multivariate analyses identified paroxysmal AF and WACA circumference as independent predictors of gap‐RPC, whereas carina width and WACA circumference correlated with carina‐RPC.ConclusionsGap‐RPC is associated with increased AF recurrence risk after PVI, whereas carina‐RPC does not predict AF recurrence. Moreover, gap‐RPC and carina‐RPC have different correlates and may thus have different underlying mechanisms.
Comparison between minimal fluoroscopy and conventional approaches for visually guided laser balloon pulmonary vein isolation ablation
Authors: Huang Henry D. , Rodriguez Jason M. , Serafini Nicholas J. , Macias Carlos , Winterfield Jeffrey , Sharma Parikshit S. , Larsen Timothy , Krishnan Kousik , Trohman Richard G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionAlthough balloon‐based techniques, such as the laser balloon (LB) ablation have simplified pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), procedural fluoroscopy usage remains higher in comparison to radiofrequency PVI approaches due to limited 3‐dimensional mapping system integration.MethodsIn this prospective study, 50 consecutive patients were randomly assigned in alternating fashion to a low fluoroscopy group (LFG; n = 25) or conventional fluoroscopy group (CFG; n = 25) and underwent de novo PVI procedures using visually guided LB technique.ResultsThere was no statistical difference in baseline characteristics or cross‐overs between treatment groups. Acute PVI was accomplished in all patients. Mean follow up was 318 ± 69 days. Clinical recurrence of atrial fibrillation after PVI was similar between groups (CFG: 19% vs LFG: 15%; P = .72). Total fluoroscopy time was significantly lower in the LFG than the CFG (1.7 ± 1.4  vs 16.9 ± 5.9 minutes; P < .001) despite similar total procedure duration (143 ± 22 vs 148 ± 22 minutes; P = .42) and mean LA dwell time (63 ± 15 vs 59 ± 10 minutes; P = .28). Mean dose area product was significantly lower in the LFG (181 ± 125 vs 1980 ± 750 μGym2; P < .001). Fluoroscopy usage after transseptal access was substantially lower in the LFG (0.63 ± 0.43 vs 11.70 ± 4.32 minutes; P < .001). Complications rates were similar between both groups (4% vs 2%; P = .57).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that LB PVI can be safely achieved using a novel low fluoroscopy protocol while also substantially reducing fluoroscopy usage and radiation exposure in comparison to conventional approaches for LB ablation.
Role of interleukin‐15 in cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Guo Lei , Liu Ming‐fei , Huang Ji‐niu , Li Jia‐min , Jiang Jun , Wang Jian‐an 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInterleukin (IL)‐15 is a recently identified cytokine, which belongs to the interleukin‐2(IL‐2) family, and plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunoreaction. Given the fact that the structure of IL‐15 is partially similar to IL‐2, they share some common biological effects, including immunoregulation. IL‐2 was proven to protect cardiac function in mouse myocardial infarction models. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) dominate the cause of mortality worldwide. Besides atherosclerosis, inflammation is also widely involved in the pathogenesis of many CVDs including hypertension, heart failure (HF) and aneurysm. IL‐15, as a pro‐inflammatory cytokine, is up‐regulated in some cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. The current understanding of IL‐15, including its signal pathway and cellular function, was described. Furthermore, IL‐15 has a protective effect in myocardial infarction and myocarditis by decreasing cardiomyocyte death and improving heart function. The inhibited effect of IL‐15 in ductus arteriosus (DA) should be focused on. IL‐15 promoted atherogenesis. IL‐15 may be a good target in treatment of cardiovascular diabetology. Finally, future research direction of IL‐15 deserves attention. Since IL‐15 plays several roles in CVDs, understanding the role of the IL‐15/IL‐15R system may provide a scientific basis for the development of new approaches that use IL‐15 for the treatment of CVDs.