bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Related to Health Civic Engagement: Results from the 2018 National Survey of Health Attitudes to Understand Progress towards a Culture of Health﻿
Authors: Dubowitz Tamara , Nelson Christopher , Weilant Sarah , Sloan Jennifer C. , Bogart Andy , Miller Carolyn , Chandra Anita 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Civic engagement, including voting, volunteering, and participating in civic organizations, is associated with better psychological, physical and behavioral health and well-being. In addition, civic engagement is increasingly viewed (e.g., in Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Culture of Health action framework) as a potentially important driver for raising awareness of and addressing unhealthy conditions in communities. As such, it is important to understand the factors that may promote civic engagement, with a particular focus on the less-understood, health civic engagement, or civic engagement in health-related and health-specific activities. Using data from a nationally representative sample of adults in the United States (U.S.), we examined whether the extent to which individuals feel they belong in their community (i.e., perceived sense of community) and the value they placed on investing in community health were associated with individuals’ health civic engagement.Methods: Using data collected on 7187 nationally representative respondents from the 2018 National Survey of Health Attitudes, we examined associations between sense of community, valued investment in community health, and perceived barriers to taking action to invest in community health, with health civic engagement. We constructed continuous scales for each of these constructs and employed multiple linear regressions adjusting for multiple covariates including U.S. region and city size of residence, educational attainment, family income, race/ethnicity, household size, employment status, and years living in the community.Results: Participants who endorsed (i.e., responded with mostly or completely) all 16 sense of community scale items endorsed an average of 22.8% (95%CI: 19.8 - 25.7%) more of the health civic engagement scale items compared with respondents who did not endorse any of the sense of community items. Those who endorsed (responded that it was an important or top priority) all items capturing valued investment in community health endorsed 14.0% (95%CI: 11.2 – 16.8%) more of the health civic engagement items than those who did not endorse any valued investment in community health items.Conclusions: Health civic engagement, including voting and volunteering to ultimately guide government decisions about health issues, may help improve conditions that influence health and well-being for all. Focusing on individuals’ sense of community and highlighting investments in community health may concurrently be associated with increased health civic engagement and improved community and population health.Trial Registration: Not applicable
HPV-based cervical cancer screening in Nicaragua: from testing to treatment
Authors: Holme Francesca , Maldonado Francisco , Martinez-Granera Orlando B. , Rodriguez Jose Maria , Almendarez Juan , Slavkovsky Rose , Bansil Pooja , Thomson Kerry A. , Jeronimo Jose , de Sanjose Silvia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: In Nicaragua, cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, primarily using self-sampling, was introduced between 2014 and 2018 in three provinces. We analyzed data from the HPV screening program with the goal of describing key characteristics including reach, HPV prevalence, triage and treatment, and factors associated with follow-up completion. Methods: We analyzed individual-level data from routinely collected forms for women attending HPV-based cervical cancer screening. HPV-positive women were triaged with Pap or visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) prior to treatment. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with receiving triage and treatment; analyses were adjusted for province, age, and self- vs. provider-collected sampling.Results: 44,635 women were screened with HPV testing; 96.6% of women used self-sampling. 6,776 women were HPV positive (15.2%), 54.0% of screen-positive women received triage, and 53.1% of triage-positive women were treated, primarily with cryotherapy. If women lost at triage are included, the overall treatment percentage was 27.8%. Province and provider sampling were significantly associated with completing triage. Province and triage type were significantly associated with receiving treatment. The odds of receiving treatment after Pap triage as compared to VIA was significantly lower (aOR: 0.05, 95% CI: 0.04–0.08, p<0.001), and the relative proportion of women receiving treatment after Pap triage versus VIA was 0.29.. Conclusions: Introduction of HPV testing resulted in a substantial number of women screened, and acceptance of self-sampling was high. Management of screen-positive women remained a challenge, particularly with Pap triage. Our results can inform other developing countries as they work to reach World Health Organization (WHO) elimination targets.Trial registration :Not applicable.
Evolutionary significance of amino acid permease transporters in 17 plants from Chlorophyta to Angiospermae
Authors: Author) Chao Zhang(Former Corresponding , Kong Nana , Cao Minxuan , Wang Dongdong , Chen Yue , Author) Qin Chen(New Corresponding 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Nitrogen is an indispensable nutrient for plant growth. It is used and transported in the form of amino acids in living organisms. Transporting amino acids to various parts of plants requires relevant transport proteins, such as amino acid permeases ( AAP s), which were our focus in this study. Results: We found that 5 AAP genes were present in Chlorophyte species and more AAP genes were predicted in Bryophyta and Lycophytes. Two main groups were defined and group I comprised 5 clades. Our phylogenetic analysis indicated that the origin of clades 2, 3, and 4 is Gymnospermae and that these clades are closely related. The members of clade 1 included Chlorophyta to Gymnospermae. Group II, as a new branch consisting of non-seed plants, is first proposed in our research. Our results also indicated that the AAP family was already present in Chlorophyta and then expanded accompanying the development of vasculature. Concurrently, the AAP family experienced multiple duplication events that promoted the generation of new functions and differentiation of sub-functions. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the AAP gene originated in Chlorophyta, and some non-seed AAP genes clustered in one group. A second group, which contained plants of all evolutionary stages, indicated the evolution of AAP s. These new findings can be used to guide future research.
Efficient identification of patients eligible for clinical studies using case-based reasoning on Scottish Health Research Register (SHARE).
Authors: Shi Wen , Kelsey Tom , Sullivan Frank 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Trials often struggle to achieve their target sample size with only half doing so. Some researchers have turned to Electronic Health Records (EHRs), seeking a more efficient way of recruitment. The Scottish Health Research Register (SHARE) obtained patients’ consent for their EHRs to be used as a searching base from which researchers can find potential participants. However, due to the fact that EHR data is not complete, sufficient or accurate, a database search strategy may not generate the best case-finding result. The current study aims to evaluate the performance of a case-based reasoning method in identifying participants for population-based clinical studies recruiting through SHARE, and assess the difference between its resultant cohort and the original one deriving from searching EHRs. Methods: A case-based reasoning framework was applied to 119 participants in nine projects using two-fold cross-validation, with records from a further 86,292 individuals used for testing. A prediction score for study participation was derived from the diagnosis, procedure, pharmaceutical prescription, and laboratory test results attributes of each participant. Evaluation was conducted by calculating Area Under the ROC Curve and information retrieval metrics for the ranking list of the test set by prediction score. We compared the most likely participants as identified by searching a database to those ranked highest by our model. Results: The average ROCAUC for nine projects was 81% indicating strong predictive ability for these data. However, the derived ranking lists showed lower predictive performance, with only 21% of the persons ranked within top 50 positions being the same as identified by searching databases. Conclusions: Case-based reasoning is may be more effective than a database search strategy for participant identification for clinical studies using population EHRs. The lower performance of ranking lists derived from case-based reasoning means that patients identified as highly suitable for study participation may still not be recruited. This suggests that further study is needed into improvements in the collection and curation of population EHRs, such as use of free text data to aid reliable identification of people more likely to be recruited to clinical trials.
PTH Derivative Promotes Wound Healing via Synergistic Multicellular Stimulating and Exosomal Activities
Authors: Shen Yi-Fan , Huang Jing-Huan , Wang Kai-Yang , Zheng Jin , Cai Lin , Gao Hong , Li Xiao-Lin , Li Jing-Feng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetic wounds are a disturbing and rapidly growing clinical problem. A novel peptide, parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP-2), is assumed as multifunctional factor in angiogenesis, fibrogenesis and re-epithelization. This study aims to test PTHrP-2 efficiency and mechanism in wound healing. Methods: Through repair phenomenon in vivo some problems were detected, and further research on their mechanisms was made. In vivo therapeutic effects of PTHrP-2 were determined by HE, Masson, microfil and immunohistochemical staining. In vitro direct effects of PTHrP-2 were determined by proliferation, migration, Vascular Endothelial Grown Factor and collagen I secretion of cells and Akt/ Erk1/2 pathway change. In vitro indirect effects of PTHrP-2 was study via exosomes. Exosomes from PTHrP-2 untreated and treated HUVECs and HFF-1 cells were insolated and identified. Exosomes were co-cultured with original cells, HUVECs or HFF-1 cells, and epithelial cells. Proliferation and migration and pathway change were observed. PTHrP-2-HUVEC-Exos were added into in vivo wound to testify its hub role in PTHrP-2 indirect effects in wound healing. Results: In vivo, PTHrP-2 exerted multifunctional pro-angiogenesis, pro-firbogenesis and re-epithelization effects. In vitro, PTHrP-2 promoted proliferation and migration of endothelial and fibroblast cells, but had no effect on epithelial cells. Therefore, we tested PTHrP-2 indirect effects via exosomes. PTHrP-2 intensified intercellular communication between endothelial cells and fibroblasts and initiated endothelial-epithelial intercellular communication. PTHrP-2-HUVEC-Exos played a hub role in PTHrP-2 indirect effects in wound healing. Conclusion: These findings of this study indicated that PTHrP-2, a multifunctional factor, could promote wound healing via synergistic multicellular stimulating and exosomal activities. Key words PTH, multifunctional factor, diabetic wound, exosomes, synergistic effect
Optical monitoring of glutamate release at multiple synapses in situ detects changes following LTP induction
Authors: Kopach Olga , Zheng Kaiyu , Rusakov Dmitri 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Information processing and memory formation in the brain relies on release of the main excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate from presynaptic axonal specialisations. The classical Hebbian paradigm of synaptic memory, long-term potentiation (LTP) of transmission, has been widely associated with an increase in the postsynaptic receptor current. Whether and to what degree LTP induction also enhances presynaptic glutamate release has been the subject of debate. Here, we took advantage of the recently developed genetically encoded optical sensors of glutamate (iGluSnFR) to monitor its release at CA3-CA1 synapses in acute hippocampal slices, before and after the induction of LTP. We attempted to trace release events at multiple synapses simultaneously, by using two-photon excitation imaging in fast frame-scanning mode. We thus detected a significant increase in the average iGluSnFR signal during potentiation, which lasted for up to 90 min. This increase may reflect an increased amount of released glutamate or, alternatively, reduced glutamate binding to high-affinity glutamate transporters that compete with iGluSnFR.
Yeast display platform technology to prepare oral vaccine against lethal H7N9 virus challenge in mice
Authors: Lei Han , Xie Bowen , Gao Tong , Cen Qianhong , Ren Yi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Existing methods for preparing influenza vaccines pose the greatest challenge against highly pandemic avian influenza H7N9 outbreak in the poultry and humans. Exploring a new strategy for manufacturing and delivering a safe and effective H7N9 vaccine is needed urgently. Results An alternative approach is to develop an influenza H7N9 oral vaccine based on yeast display technology in a timely manner. Hemagglutinin (HA) of A/Anhui/1/2013 (AH-H7N9) is used as a model antigen and characterized its expression on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S.cerevisiae) EBY 100. Mice administrated orally with S.cerevisiae EBY100/pYD5-HA produced significant titers of IgG antibody as well as significant amounts of cytokines IFN-γ and IL-4. Importantly, S.cerevisiae EBY100/pYD5-HA could provide effective immune protection against homologous A/Anhui/1/2013 (AH-H7N9) virus challenge. Conclusions Our findings suggest that platform based on yeast surface technology provides an alternative approach to prepare a promising influenza H7N9 oral vaccine candidate that can significantly shorten the preparedness period and result in effective protection against influenza A pandemic. Keywords: S.cerevisiae EBY100/pYD5-HA, Yeast display technology, Influenza A pandemic.
Decreased Angiogenic And Increased Apoptotic Activities Of Bone Microvascular Endothelial Cells In Patients With Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteonecrosis Of The Femoral Head
Authors: Yu Huachen , Liu Pei , Zuo Wei , Sun Xiaowei , Liu Hongzhi , Lu Feifan , Guo Wanshou , Zhang Qidong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is closely associated with the dysfunction of the bone microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). The present study investigated the angiogenic and apoptotic activity of the BMECs in glucocorticoid-induced ONFH. Methods: This study enrolled a total of 12 patients, six of whom were assigned to the ONFH group whereas the other six served as the control group. The ONFH group was composed of patients with glucocorticoid-induced ONFH while the control group had femoral neck fractures. BMECs were isolated from the subchondral region of the femoral head. Cell proliferation, cell viability, tube formation assay, Transwell assay, TUNEL assay, and Western blot analysis were performed. Results: BMECs of the two groups were successfully isolated and identified. No significant differences were noticed in BMECs proliferation between the two groups. However, compared to the control, cell viability, tube formation, and migration of BMECs were significantly decreased and the number of TUNEL positive cells was markedly increased in the ONFH group. In the ONFH group, it was also noted that the amount of Bax and cleaved-caspase3 was elevated while that of Bcl-2 was reduced. Conclusion: The findings of our study revealed that BMECs obtained from the glucocorticoid-induced ONFH patients had decreased angiogenic and increased apoptotic activities, which could explain the pathogenesis and progression of glucocorticoid-induced ONFH.
Widespread occurrence of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi' in elm species in Germany
Authors: Schneider Bernd , Kätzel Ralf , Kube Michael 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi' is the agent associated with elm yellows and has been categorised in the European Union as a quarantine pathogen. For central and northern European countries, information on the occurrence and distribution of the pathogen and its impact on elms is scarce, so a survey of native elm trees has been conducted in Germany. Results: About 6,500 samples from Ulmus minor , Ulmus laevis and Ulmus glabra , were collected nationwide. Phytoplasma detection was performed by applying a universal 16Sr DNA-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay and a novel ' Ca. P. ulmi' specific qPCR assay targeting the 16S-23S spacer region. Both assays revealed that 28% of the samples were infected by ‘ Ca. P. ulmi’, but infection rates of the elm species and regional incidences differed. The phytoplasma presence in the trees was not correlated to disease-specific symptoms. The survey identified a regional disparity of infection which was high in east, south and central Germany, whereas only a few infected sites were found in the western and northern parts of the country. Monitoring the seasonal titre of ‘Ca. P. ulmi’ in an infected tree by qPCR revealed a high colonisation in all parts of the tree throughout the year. Conclusions: ‘ Ca. P. ulmi’ is widely present in elms in Germany. The rare occurrence of symptoms indicates either a high degree of tolerance in elm populations or a low virulence of pathogen strains enabling high infection rates in a long-living host.
Applicability of the Five Case Model to African eHealth investment decisions
Authors: Broomhead Sean C , Mars Maurice , Scott Richard E. , Jones Tom 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: eHealth programmes in African countries face fierce competition for scarce resources. Such initiatives should not proceed without adequate appraisal of their probable impacts, thereby acknowledging their opportunity costs and the need for appraisals to promote optimal use of available resources. However, since there is no broadly accepted eHealth impact appraisal framework available to provide guidance, and local expertise is limited, African health ministries have difficulty completing such appraisals. The Five Case Model, used in several countries outside Africa, has the potential to function as a decision-making tool in African eHealth environments and serve as a key component of an eHealth impact model for Africa. Methods: This study identifies internationally recognised metrics and readily accessible data sources to assess the applicability of the model’s five cases to African countries. Results: Ten metrics are identified that align with the Five Case Model’s five cases, including nine component metrics and one summary metric that aggregates the nine. The metrics cover the eHealth environment, human capital and governance, technology development, and finance and economics. Fifty-four African countries are scored for each metric. Visualisation of the metric scores using spider charts reveals profiles of the countries’ relative performance and provides an eHealth Investment Readiness Assessment Tool. Conclusion: The utility of these comparisons to strengthen eHealth investment planning suggests that the five cases are applicable to African countries’ eHealth investment decisions. The potential for the Five Case Model to have a role in an eHealth impact appraisal framework for Africa should be validated through field testing.
Resistance Profile From Staphylococcus Aureus And Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Obtained From Tracheostomized Children
Authors: Almeida Juliana Afonso de , Barros Caroline Espíndola de , Ayres Gustavo Henrique da Silva , Silva Mariana Helena e , Liberal Andressa Santos , Batista Marcos Antonio , Gomes Raylane Pereira , Filho Arlindo Rodrigues Galvão , Silva Carla Afonso da , Wastowski Isabela Jubé , Carneiro Lilian Carla , Avelino Melissa Ameloti Gomes 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

The tracheostomized patients exhibit high risks of bacterial infections, because the tracheal tube acts as a gateway to these microorganisms. The objective was to characterize microbiologically the tracheal secretion of tracheostomized children, to evaluate the biofilm formation, and to study the phenotypic and molecular profile of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated.

Methods

The study collected 88 tracheal secretion samples. The material processed by phenotypic tests were performed for bacterial identification. For identification of the biofilm, the Congo red agar test and the plaque microtiter test were used, and the qPCR method was used to resistance verification.

Results

Were obtained 27 samples of S. aureus and 71 of P. aeruginosa . All S. aureus samples were positive for biofilm formation on Congo red agar test. In antibiogram test, S. aureus showed resistance to seven drugs. Regarding the identification of resistance genes, were amplificated bla Z in 42.8% from S. aureus and mec A in 28.6% of them. Pseudomonas aeruginosa presented resistance to eight drugs. The most frequent chromosomal genes were bla OXA with 66.7% and bla KPC with 58.3%. To plasmidial DNA, was highlighted bla NDM with 58.3% positive.

Conclusion

The S. aureus and P. aeruginosa characterization of colonization from lower respiratory tract associated with the use of the device in tracheotomy patients, and the physiology and antimicrobial resistance profile, will help health professionals to choose the most appropriate treatment to be administered in children with tracheotomy, increasing the chances of airway restoration and decannulation.
Identification of prognostic factors for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma based on long non-coding RNAs-associated ceRNA network
Authors: Kang Zhichen , Guo Lixin , Zhu Zhuo , Qu Rongfeng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence has highlighted the important roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) in tumor biology. However, the roles of cancer long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in lncRNA-related ceRNA network of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remain enigmatic. The current study aims to identify prognostic factors in the lncRNA-related ceRNA network of ICC. Methods The transcriptome sequencing data of the lncRNAs, messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miR) were downloaded from SRA, and TCGA database respectively. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), DEmiRs and DEmRNAs were identified and adopted to construct lncRNA-miR-mRNA ceRNA network. ICC-associated DEmRNAs were adopted to construct the PPI network. The expression of the top 6 genes in the hub module was validated in mRNA transcriptome sequencing data and ICC-related gene expression dataset GSE45001, followed by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. The potential function of genes in hub module in the ceRNA network was finally subjected to GSEA. Results Sixty coexpression DEmRNAs were identified in the ceRNA network. The 6 top genes in the hub module consists of FOS, HGF, IGF2, FOXO1, NTF3 (downregulated), and IGF1R (upregulated) in ICC tissues compared to normal adjacent tissues, followed by the successful construction of lncRNA-miR-hub network with 86 ceRNA modules. FOS, IGF2 or IGF1R might regulate the development of ICC by targeting “N-glycan biosynthesis”, “α-linolenic acid metabolism” or “type II diabetes” pathways respectively. Conclusion These results show FOS, IGF2 and IGF1R serve as prognostic factors of ICC patients.