bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chickpea genotypes characteristics on resistance to fusarium Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris
Authors: Chekalov V. A. , Volkova N. E. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. Molecular-genetic analysis of the chickpea genotypes for foc0, foc3, foc4 resistance genes to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris. Methods. Extraction and purification of DNA, spectrophotometry, polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels. Results. 35 chickpea lines and varieties of Ukrainian and foreign breeding characterized according to genotyping on foc0, foc3, foc4 genes of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp ciceris by the microsatellite markers TA59, TR19 and TR59. Fragments of the expected size for all markers were obtained for samples, for which the resistance level was fixed to certain races. Match between data on the presence of a amplification fragment of a certain size and resistance level among other samples is not found. Conclusions. For 35 chickpea varieties and lines the allele state of foc0, foc3, foc4 genes of resistance to the F. oxysporum f. sp ciceris races 0, 3, 4 is established. The variety ‘Pam’yat’ is recommended as a control of resistance to F. oxysporum f. sp ciceris races 0, 3, 4 in the southern Ukraine conditions.
Keywords: chickpea, genes, molecular markers, fusarios, resistance.
Genetic potential of bacteria isolated from cadmium contaminated soils
Authors: Iungin O. S. , Bielikova O. Yu. , Gladka G. V. , Tashyrev O. B. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. Determination of taxonomic position and resistance to Cd2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, CrO42- of isolated bacteria from cadmium-contaminated soils. Methods. Bacterial cultures were isolated by ten-fold dilutions and further cultivation on agarized nutrient medium. Taxonomic position of isolated cultures was determined by molecular-genetic methods using GenBank and BLAST. Bacterial resistance to toxic metals was determined by strains cultivation in liquid medium in the presence of concentration gradient of Cd2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, CrO42-. Results. Isolated cultures were highly resistance to cadmium. These bacterial cultures were identified as Brevundimonas vesicularis and Cupriavidus gilardii by phenotypic and molecular-genetic characteristics. Their resistance was in one order higher comparing to generally accepted. Conclusions. Isolated strains are promising for using in novel industrial biotechnologies for metal containing wastewater treatment.
Keywords: metalresistance, toxic metals, taxonomic position, Cupriavidus gilardii, Brevundimonas vesicularis.
Thermodynamic prognosis of the efficiency of toxic metals extraction from solution by microorganisms and their genetic potential
Authors: Hovorukha V. M. , Tashyrev O. B. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. Thermodynamic justification of pathways of microbial interaction with metals and development of theoretical foundations of novel biotechnologies for purification of industrial waste water from environmentally hazardous metals-oxidizers (CrО42-, MoО42-, WО42-). Methods. The fields of stability of metal compounds in aqueous solutions in the coordinates of pH-Eh were calculated using classic Pourbaix diagrams. The effectiveness of metals extraction from solutions was evaluated according to Gibbs free energy. Results. On the base of thermodynamic calculations conditions and efficiency of metals extraction by microorganisms was shown. Microbial reduction of CrО42- to insoluble Cr(III) hydroxide was the most effective. Additional carbon and energy sources are required for effective molybdate reduction. Extraction of tungstate can not be carried out by microorganisms. Conclusions. Thermodynamic prognosis is effective method for developing novel environmental biotechnologies for purification of environmentally hazardous metal-containing wastewater and simultaneous treatment of organic waste.
Keywords: thermodynamic prognosis, microbial interaction of with metals, metals extraction,
purification of metal-containing wastewater, environmental biotechnologies.
Influence of herbicide on plants in connection with formation of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
Authors: Guralchuk Zh. Z. , Sychuk A. M. , Gumenyuk O. V. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. The aim of the work is to analyze the available literature data on the effect of herbicides on the formation of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Results. The article gives a brief overview of the influence of herbicides with different mechanism of action on the formation and functioning of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. The direct and indirect effects of herbicides on the AM fungi, the different selectivity of AM fungi to herbicides and other factors influencing the effect of herbicides on biodiversity of AM fungi and the formation of mycorrhizal symbiosis are considered. Conclusions. Herbicides with different mechanism of action can have a significant effect on the diversity of AM fungi present in the soil, the formation and functioning of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Their effect on the AM fungi can be either direct or indirect due to the influence on the host plant. AM fungi, in turn, can also influence the selectivity of the plant to herbicides. Studies on the effect of herbicides on mycorrhizal symbiosis may be important for increasing the herbicide efficiency.
Keywords: herbicides, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, mycorrhizal symbiosis.
Influence of photoperiod duration on the formation of fruits in soybean varieties (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)
Authors: Zhmurko V. V. , Hussain Al-Hamadeni Haider Nabil 
Published: March 2020

Aim. The aim of the work was to elucidate the influence of photoperiod duration on the dynamics of the fruits and seeds formation in soybean varieties with different photoperiodic reactions. Methods. The field experiments were carried out by cultivating soybean varieties Anushka, Ustia, Yatran and Hadzhibey under the conditions of a long natural day (16 hours) and an artificially short day (9 hours). Phenological observations and morphometric analyzes wee used. Results. The varieties Annushka, Ustya and Yatran showed a photoperiodic neutral reaction to the photoperiod and Hadzhibey – a short reaction. In all varieties, regardless of the photoperiodic reaction, a short photoperiod accelerated the formation of fruits and seeds. In the greatest degree, this was shown for the short-day variety Hadzhibey. Conclusions. The formation of fruits and seeds in soybean is subjected to photoperiodic regulation, probably due to the change of intensity of its supply of assimilation products under the influence of different day lengths.Keywords: soybean, (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), photoperiod, rate of development, photoperiodic reaction, fruits, seeds.
Grain quality of common wheat lines with T. kiharae genetic material
Authors: Orlovskaya O. A. , Vakula S. I. , Khotyleva L. V. , Kilchevsky A. V. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. T. kiharae (AtAtGGDD, 2n=42) is a source of high protein and gluten content, resistance to many diseases. Сommon wheat lines with the introgression of T. kiharae genetic material were obtained in order to enrich T. aestivum L. gene pool. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of T. kiharae genetic material on the grain quality of T. aestivum/T. kiharae introgression lines. Methods. The composition of the high molecular weight glutenin subunits was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Evaluation of the most important traits of grain quality (hardness, protein and gluten content, gluten quality) was carried out according to GOST. Results. Сomparative analysis of the composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunits of introgressive lines and their parental forms allowed us to identify lines with novel alleles of Glu-1 loci, specific for T. kiharae. For most of the introgression lines T. aestivum/T. kiharae hardness, protein and gluten content were higher than for parent wheat varieties. Conclusions. Introgression of T. kiharaegenetic material in the genome of common wheat had a positive effect on all studied parameters of grain quality except the gluten quality.
Keywords: common wheat, T. kiharae, glutenin, SDS-PAGE, quality of grain.
GUERRES CIVILES, DÉPENSES MILITAIRES ET PERFORMANCES ÉCONOMIQUES
Authors: Tsasa Jean-Paul K. 
Published: March 2020

Quel lien existe-t-il entre les performances économiques, les dépenses militaires
et les guerres civiles dans un pays moins avancé ? Pour répondre à cette question, ce papier
étalonne, puis estime une forme réduite du modèle d’équilibre général à la Romer-Taylor sur
données de la République démocratique du Congo. Nous considérons la période 1988-2015 pour
l’analyse. Les résultats d’estimations prédisent, d’une part, une relation positive et
statistiquement significative entre les performances économiques et les dépenses militaires
et, d’autre part, un impact négatif et statiquement significatif de la présence des guerres
civiles sur les performances économiques. Par ailleurs, en période de guerres civiles, il
est établi que les dépenses militaires sont contre-productives et exercent un effet
statistiquement non significatif sur la production réelle.
Molecular docking and network connections of active compounds from the classical herbal formula Ding Chuan Tang
Authors: Clyne Allison , Yang Liping , Yang Ming , May Brian , Yang Angela Wei Hong 
Published: March 2020

Background
Ding Chuan Tang (DCT), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has been consistently prescribed for the therapeutic management of wheezing and asthma-related indications since the Song Dynasty (960–1279 AD). This study aimed to identify molecular network pharmacology connections to understand the biological asthma-linked mechanisms of action of DCT and potentially identify novel avenues for asthma drug development.

Methods
Employing molecular docking (AutoDock Vina) and computational analysis (Cytoscape 3.6.0) strategies for DCT compounds permitted examination of docking connections for proteins that were targets of DCT compounds and asthma genes. These identified protein targets were further analyzed to establish and interpret network connections associated with asthma disease pathways.

Results
A total of 396 DCT compounds and 234 asthma genes were identified through database search. Computational molecular docking of DCT compounds identified five proteins (ESR1, KDR, LTA4H, PDE4D and PPARG) mutually targeted by asthma genes and DCT compounds and 155 docking connections associated with cellular pathways involved in the biological mechanisms of asthma.

Conclusions
DCT compounds directly target biological pathways connected with the pathogenesis of asthma including inflammatory and metabolic signaling pathways.
Angiotensinogen promoter methylation predicts bevacizumab treatment response of patients with recurrent glioblastoma
Authors: Urup Thomas , Gillberg Linn , Kaastrup Katja , Lü Maya Jeje Schuang , Michaelsen Signe Regner , Andrée Larsen Vibeke , Christensen Ib Jarle , Broholm Helle , Lassen Ulrik , Grønbæk Kirsten , Poulsen Hans Skovgaard 
Published: March 2020

Patients with recurrent glioblastoma achieving response to bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy have clinical improvement and prolonged survival. High gene expression of angiotensinogen (AGT) is associated with a poor bevacizumab response. Because AGT expression is epigenetically regulated, we aimed to investigate whether AGT promoter methylation in tumor tissue predicts response to bevacizumab combination therapy in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. The study included 159 patients with recurrent glioblastoma, treated with bevacizumab combination treatment (training cohort, n = 77; validation cohort, n = 82). All patients could be evaluated for treatment response and biomarkers. DNA methylation of 4 CpG sites in the AGT promoter was measured using pyrosequencing. A model for nonresponse was established using logistic regression analysis. In the training cohort, lower methylation of each of the four CpG sites in the AGT promoter was significantly associated with nonresponse (all P < 0.05). Moreover, the mean methylation level of all four CpG sites was associated with an increased likelihood of not achieving response to bevacizumab combination therapy (twofold decrease: odds ratio = 3.01; 95% confidence interval: 1.41–6.44; P = 0.004). We developed a model for nonresponse in the training cohort, where a threshold of mean AGT promoter methylation levels was set to below 12%. The model could predict bevacizumab nonresponse with 96% specificity. Importantly, this predictor was also significantly associated with nonresponse in the validation cohort (P = 0.037). Taken together, our findings suggest that low AGT promoter methylation in tumor tissue predicts nonresponse to bevacizumab combination treatment in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. We have, thus, established and successfully validated a predictor for nonresponse that can be used to identify patients who will not benefit from bevacizumab combination therapy.
Polydopamine and Its Derivative Surface Chemistry in Material Science: A Focused Review for Studies at KAIST
Authors: Lee Haesung A. , Park Eunsook , Lee Haeshin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPolydopamine coating, the first material‐independent surface chemistry, and its related methods significantly influence virtually all areas of material science and engineering. Functionalized surfaces of metal oxides, synthetic polymers, noble metals, and carbon materials by polydopamine and its related derivatives exhibit a variety of properties for cell culture, microfluidics, energy storage devices, superwettability, artificial photosynthesis, encapsulation, drug delivery, and numerous others. Unlike other articles, this review particularly focuses on the development of material science utilizing polydopamine and its derivatives coatings at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology for a decade. Herein, it is demonstrated how material‐independent coating methods provide solutions for challenging problems existed in many interdisciplinary areas in bio‐, energy‐, and nanomaterial science by collaborations and independent research.
A Photophysical Study of Sensitization‐Initiated Electron Transfer: Insights into the Mechanism of Photoredox Activity
Authors: Coles Max S. , Quach Gina , Beves Jonathon E. , Moore Evan G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe development of photocatalytic reactions has provided many novel opportunities to expand the scope of synthetic organic chemistry. In parallel with progress towards uncovering new reactivity, there is consensus that efforts focused on providing detailed mechanistic insight in order to uncover underlying excited‐state reactions are essential to maximise formation of desired products. With this in mind, we have investigated the recently reported sensitization‐initiated electron transfer (SenI‐ET) reaction for the C−H arylation of activated aryl halides. Using a variety of techniques, and in particular nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, we are able to distinguish several characteristic signals from the excited‐state species involved in the reaction, and subsequent kinetic analysis under various conditions has facilitated a detailed insight into the likely reaction mechanism.
Hollow Metal–Organic‐Framework‐Mediated In Situ Architecture of Copper Dendrites for Enhanced CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Zhu Qinggong , Yang Dexin , Liu Huizhen , Sun Xiaofu , Chen Chunjun , Bi Jiahui , Liu Jiyuan , Wu Haihong , Han Buxing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractElectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to a single product at high current densities and efficiencies remains a challenge. However, the conventional electrode preparation methods, such as drop‐casting, usually suffer from low intrinsic activity. Herein, we report a synthesis strategy for preparing heterogeneous electrocatalyst composed of 3D hierarchical Cu dendrites that derived from an in situ electrosynthesized hollow copper metal–organic framework (MOF), for which the preparation of the Cu‐MOF film took only 5 min. The synthesis strategy preferentially exposes active sites, which favor's the reduction of CO2 to formate. The current density could be as high as 102.1 mA cm−2 with a selectivity of 98.2 % in ionic‐liquid‐based electrolyte and a commonly used H‐type cell.
Spectroscopies and Electron Microscopies Unravel the Origin of the First Colour Photographs
Authors: de Seauve Victor , Languille Marie‐Angélique , Kociak Mathieu , Belin Stéphanie , Ablett James , Andraud Christine , Stéphan Odile , Rueff Jean‐Pascal , Fonda Emiliano , Lavédrine Bertrand 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe first colour photographs were created by a process introduced by Edmond Becquerel in 1848. The nature of these photochromatic images colours motivated a debate between scientists during the XIXth century, which is still not settled. We present the results of chemical analysis (EDX, HAXPES and EXAFS) and morphology studies (SEM, STEM) aiming at explaining the optical properties of the photochromatic images (UV‐visible spectroscopy and low loss EELS). We rule out the two hypotheses (pigment and interferences) that have prevailed since 1848, respectively based on variations in the oxidation degree of the compound forming the sensitized layer and periodically spaced photolytic silver planes. A study of the silver nanoparticles dispersions contained in the coloured layers showed specific localizations and sizes distributions of the nanoparticles for each colour. These results allow us to formulate a plasmonic hypothesis on the origin of the photochromatic images colours.
Porous Tantalum Nitride Single Crystal at Two‐Centimeter Scale with Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Performance
Authors: Jin Lu , Cheng Fangyuan , Li Hao , Xie Kui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPorous tantalum nitride (Ta3N5) single crystals, combining structural coherence and porous microstructure, would substantially improve the photoelectrochemical performance. The structural coherence would reduce the recombination of charge carriers and maintain excellent transport properties while the porous microstructure would not only reduce photon scattering but also facilitate surface reactions. Here, we grow bulk‐porous Ta3N5 single crystals on a two‐centimeter scale with (002), (023), and (041) facets, respectively, and show significantly enhanced photoelectrochemical performance. We show the preferential facet growth of porous crystals in a lattice reconstruction strategy in relation to lattice match and lattice channel. We present the facet engineering to enhance light absorption, exciton lifetime and transport properties. The porous Ta3N5 single crystal boosts photoelectrochemical oxidation of alcohols with the (002) facet showing the highest performance of >99 % alcohol conversion and >99 % aldehyde/ketone selectivity.
Combining rare alleles and grouped pollen donors to assign paternity in pollen dispersal studies
Authors: Butcher Chelsea L. , Rubin Berish Y. , Anderson Sylvia L. , Nandula Vijay K. , Owen Micheal D. K. , Gardner Randolph G. , Lewis J. D. 
Published: March 2020

PremisePollen dispersal plays a critical role in gene flow of seed plants. Most often, pollen dispersal is measured using paternity assignment. However, this approach can be time‐consuming because it typically entails genotyping all pollen donors, receptors, and offspring at several molecular markers.MethodsWe developed a faster, simpler protocol to track paternity, using pollen receptors and grouped pollen donors that possess rare alleles. We tested this approach using wind‐pollinated Amaranthus tuberculatus and insect‐pollinated Solanum lycopersicum. After screening potential markers for rare alleles, we grew both species in experimental arrays under field conditions.ResultsAll tested A. tuberculatus seeds and 97% of S. lycopersicum fruits could be assigned to the grouped pollen donors using each of two markers. From these results, we could infer paternity of untested offspring and assess pollen dispersal patterns in each array.DiscussionBy combining rare alleles and grouped pollen donors, we could assess pollen dispersal for both species and across all arrays after genotyping a small number of pollen donors and a representative subset of offspring. While directly applicable to A. tuberculatus and S. lycopersicum, this approach could be used in other species to assess pollen dispersal under field conditions.
Effects of Anion on Liquid Structures of Ionic Liquids at Graphene Electrode Interface Analyzed by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Tsuzuki Seiji , Nakamura Takenobu , Morishita Tetsuya , Shinoda Wataru , Seki Shiro , Umebayashi Yasuhiro , Ueno Kazuhide , Dokko Kaoru , Watanabe Masayoshi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMolecular dynamics simulations of ionic liquids composed of N‐propyl‐N‐methylpyrrolidinium cation ([pmpyro]+) with (CF3SO2)2N− ([TFSA]−), (FSO2)2N− ([FSA]−), CF3SO3−, CF3CO2− and PF6− anions sandwiched by two charged graphene sheets show that the liquid structures near graphene sheets depend strongly on anion. Long‐range charge ordering structures were observed when the ionic liquids were sandwiched with charged graphene sheets. Although the magnitude of the oscillation of cation and anion densities near charged graphene sheets is enhanced by the increase of the charges on the graphene sheets, the range of the charge‐ordering structures from the graphene sheets does not largely change. The ranges of the charge‐ordering structures from charged graphene sheets observed in the [pmpyro][TFSA], [pmpyro][FSA], [pmpyro][CF3SO3], [pmpyro][CF3CO2] and [pmpyro][PF6] ionic liquids are approximately 40, 80, 60, 60 and 100 Å, respectively.
Laparoscopic fundoplication and new aspects of neural anatomy at the oesophagogastric junction
Authors: Gehwolf P , Renz O , Brenner E , Cardini B , Lorenz A , Wykypiel H 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
In fundoplication, mobilization of the distal oesophagus and proximal stomach is essential to obtain a sufficient tension-free intra-abdominal oesophageal length for creation of an efficient antireflux barrier. Most surgical literature and anatomical illustrations do not describe nerve branches running from the diaphragm to the stomach. After observing small nerve branches at laparoscopic fundoplication, penetrating the left crus of the diaphragm lateral to the hiatus and apparently running into the stomach, an anatomical cadaver study was undertaken to identify the origin and target organ of these nerves.

Methods
Fifty-three human cadavers (23 men, 30 women; age range 35–103 years) were dissected with special attention to the nerves that penetrate the left crus of the diaphragm. The entire course of these nerves was documented with standardized drawings and photos.

Results
Small nerve branches penetrating the diaphragm lateral to the left crus of the hiatus were found in 17 (32 per cent) of the 53 cadavers. In 14 of these 17 cadavers, one or two splanchnic nerve branches were identified, and in ten of the 17 the nerve branches were found to be phrenic nerves. In seven of these 17 cadavers, two different nerve branches were found and assigned to both splanchnic and phrenic nerves.

Conclusion
Nerves penetrating the left crus with splanchnic origin or phrenic origin have been identified. Their function remains unclear and their relationship to postfundoplication symptoms remains to be determined.