bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Responses of Three Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Varieties against Pepper veinal mottle virus
Authors: Nitiema Léon W. , Sombié Pierre A. E. D. 
Published: October 2019

Aims: This study aimed to investigate the changes in antioxidant activity and protein content between non-infected and infected leaves of three Capsicum annuum varieties against Pepper veinal mottle virus.
Materials and Methods: Pepper veinal mottle virus isolated from infected pepper plants was inoculated to three healthy varieties of pepper (Pepper Narval, Yolo Wonder and Chili pepper) by gently rubbing on the leaves of 14-day-old seedlings. Control peppers of each variety were treated in the same way with distilled water. The infection of inoculated plants was confirmed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Control and infected leaves were collected 21 days after inoculation (when symptoms manifested) and used for biochemical analyses. Change in different biochemical parameters (catalase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and protein) in infected pepper plant was observed compared to control non-infected ones.
Results: Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were increased in Pepper Narval and Pepper Yolo Wonder infected leaves compared to non-infected, while a significant decrease was observed in infected Chili pepper compared to control. Higher malondialdehyde content was found in Pepper Yolo Wonder and Chili pepper infected leaves (P < 0.05) than control while a non-significant difference was shown between the infected and non-infected of Pepper Narval variety (P > 0.05). Infected Chili pepper showed high protein content compared to control (P < 0.05). An opposite trend was observed in pepper Narval and Yolo Wonder varieties (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Pepper veinal mottle virus infection induces changes in antioxidant enzymes activities, malondialdehyde and total protein levels. These biochemical components were greatly expressed differentially between Pepper veinal mottle virus infected and non-infected in Pepper Yolo Wonder variety. Further studies with more biochemical parameters may contribute to improve the pepper tolerance mechanism to Pepper veinal mottle virus in a breeding program.
Excel Approach for Infiltration Capacity for Different Lands
Authors: El-Hazek Alaa Nabil 
Published: October 2019

This paper presents an Excel approach for infiltration capacity for different types of lands. That is to employ the popular Microsoft Excel software to represent the measured infiltration data graphically. Regression analysis is performed for the accumulated infiltration versus the time. Equations are obtained to predict the accumulated infiltration at required times.
Thirty one raw infiltration measurements from various sources are gathered, studied and analyzed applying this approach. Measurements include different types of soil textures and land covers. The infiltration rates are measured by the commonly used infiltrometer. Both single infiltrometer and double infiltrometer are employed.
It is concluded that the presented Polynomial infiltration model of Excel approach for the accumulated infiltration is associated with high accuracy, where the values of coefficient of determination (R2) range between 0.9850 and 0.9998. The obtained equations can help in irrigation processes.
All the gathered raw experimental infiltration measurements are also analyzed employing Horton and Kostiakov infiltration models. It is found that the Polynomial infiltration model of Excel approach has higher accuracy, followed by Kostiakov model, and finally Horton model. The values of different constants of Horton and Kostiakov infiltration models for all cases are obtained. The accuracy of the Polynomial, Horton and Kostiakov infiltration models are studied considering the types of soil texture and land cover.
Investigating the constants A, B and C of the obtained equation of the polynomial infiltration model of Excel approach, it is found that all A values are negative, all B values are positive, and all C values are positive except for sandy clay and sandy clay loam soils. There is no specific trend for the effect of the associated land cover on constants A, B, and C except for loamy sand soil, where B and C values for bare land are greater than their values for irrigated land.
Challenges and Resolution for Copper Wirebonding on Tapeless Leadframe Chip-on-Lead Technology
Authors: Sumagpang Jr Antonio R. , Gomez Frederick Ray I. 
Published: October 2019

This technical paper discusses a methodological and systematic way of resolving key challenges during introduction of Chip-On-Lead package specifically wirebonding issues that leads to production dilemma during production ramp-up of products using copper wire in tapeless leadframe. The project was intended to determine the “Red-X” or the major cause of yield detractors that may lead to quality issue during wirebonding process.
Problem solving tools were showcased in this paper such as Data Analysis, Cause and Effect, Design-of–Experiment (DOE) and mechanical dimensional analysis which provided substantial impact in determining the real root-cause of the problem. Step-by-step elimination of variables was achieved with the use of statistical engineering tools. Outcome of the project eliminated the occurrence of Non-Stick-On-Pad (NSOP) during wirebonding process without cost involved and just optimizing the available in-house resources. The improvements also enhanced the quality of the product after final test which on the other hand lower the risk of having potential customer complaint in the future.
Effect of Tillage Speed, Depth, Ballast Weight and Tire Inflation Pressure on the Fuel Consumption of the Agricultural Tractor: A Review
Authors: Mamkagh Amer M. 
Published: October 2019

Tillage is a very important practice in agriculture in many countries and accounts for more traction energy than any other field operation. Tillage operation consumes up to 59% of all diesel fuel required for the complete technology so reduced tractor fuel consumption during tillage will result in both environmental and agricultural economic benefits.
Several attempts have been made to study the fuel consumption of the agricultural tractor in order to minimize it to acceptable levels during the tillage operations. Some factors like tillage speed, depth, ballast weight and tires inflation pressure of the tractor can affect the tractor fuel consumption. This article reviews these factors to give possibility for further research to focus on the potential solutions to decrease the fuel consumption of the agricultural tractors.
Design of Common-Source/Drain Active Balun Using 90nm CMOS Technology
Authors: Gomez Frederick Ray I. , Leon Maria Theresa G. De , Hizon John Richard E. 
Published: October 2019

This research paper presents a design and study of a common-source/drain active balun circuit implemented in a standard 90-nm complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The active balun design is intended for worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) application, with operating frequency of 5.8GHz and supply voltage of 1V. Measurements are taken for parameters namely gain difference, phase difference, and noise figure. The common-source active balun design achieved a minimal gain difference of 0.016dB, phase difference of 180° ± 7.1°, and noise figure of 7.42-9.85dB, which are comparable to past active balun designs and researches. The design eventually achieved a low power consumption of 2.56mW.
Facies Analysis of Eocene Sediment of Umuahia Area, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Ezebunanwa A. C. , Eronin J. I. , Okorie V. , Mbagwu E. C. , Uchenna Njoku Achu 
Published: October 2019

This research work is the detailed facies analysis of the depositional environments and paleogeographic setting of the Eocene sedimentary sequence (Ameki Formations) exposed in the Umuahia area and paleoclimate during that periods. The study area was mainly concentrated around Amaudara inUmuahia South and Ekeoha in Umuahia North. And the co-ordinate are as follows,location-1 0.5°30.80N, 0.7°26.93E, location-2 0.5°30.39N, 0.7°26.62E, location-3 0.5° 32.83N, 0.7°27.24 E and location-4 0.5°32.19 N, 0.7°26.13 E.
The aim of the study is to analyze the detailed sedimentary facies and describe the depositional environment in other to predict the depositional environment of the Eocene sediment (Ameki Formation) of the study area, which is underlain by rock unit of Ameki and predominately contains Laterite, mudstone, siltstone, claystone, sandstone and shale and Burrows were identified.
The rock sequence consist of reddish lateritic material, highly weathered mudstone capped with ripped bedded kaolinite clay unit, light grey claystone, cross-bedded sandstone with claystone, whitish sandstone, siltystone, fine-medium grained sandstone with pockets of mudclast capped with ferruginized ground and dark grey shale.
On the basis of gross lithology, sand-silt-clay percentage, color, texture and assemblage of sedimentary structure, eight distinct lithofacies type were recognized, grey shale facie (Gs), clay stone facie (Cs), cross-bedded sandstone facie (Cbs), mudstone facie (Mf), lateritic facie (Lf), mudstone facie (Bms), ferruginized sandstone facie (Fsf), sandstone facie (Bsf) are recognized within the lithosuccesion.
From the analysis, the facies are grouped into two facie association on the basis of grain size. The Fine-grained facies association (FFA) which consist of Gs, Cbs, Cs, Mf and Fst and the Medium to Fine-grained facies association (MFA) which also consist of Bms, Bsf and Lf. It also shows medium grained sand, moderately sorted to well sorted sandstone, Skewness ranged from symmetrical to positive skewed and kurtosis showed leptokurtic.
Deduction from facies analysis and grain size analysis shows that Ameki Formation consist of foraminifera and Mollusca which indicate that Ameki Formation was deposited in the estuarine(Marine) environment.
High‐Performance Flexible Broadband Photodetectors Based on 2D Hafnium Selenosulfide Nanosheets
Authors: Ulaganathan Rajesh Kumar , Sankar Raman , Lin Chang‐Yu , Murugesan Raghavan Chinnambedu , Tang Kechao , Chou Fang‐Cheng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract2D transition‐metal dichalcogenides have attracted significant interest in recent years due to their multiple degrees of freedom, allowing for tuning their physical properties via band engineering and dimensionality adjustment. The study of ternary 2D hafnium selenosulfide HfSSe (HSS) high‐quality single crystals grown with the chemical vapor transport (CVT) technique is reported. An as‐grown HSS single crystal exhibits excellent phototransistor performance from the visible to the near‐infrared with outstanding stability. A giant photoresponsivity (≈6.4 × 104 A W−1 at 488 nm) and high specific detectivity (≈1014 Jones) are exhibited by a device fabricated by exfoliating single‐crystal HSS of nano‐thickness on a rigid Si/SiO2 substrate. The application of HSS single crystal is extended to yield a sensible flexible photodetector of photoresponsivity up to ≈1.3 A W−1 at 980 nm. The photoresponsivity of CVT‐grown HSS single crystal is significantly larger than those fabricated with other existing Hf‐based chalcogenides. The results suggest that the layered multi‐elemental 2D chalcogenide single crystals hold great promise for future wearable electronics and integrated optoelectronic circuits.
Body mass index and movement behaviors among schoolchildren from 13 countries across a continuum of human development indices: A multinational cross‐sectional study
Authors: Manyanga Taru , Barnes Joel D. , Chaput Jean‐Philippe , Guerrero Michelle , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Mire Emily F. , Prista Antonio , Tremblay Mark S. ,   The ISCOLE Research Group
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study describes the distributions of body mass index (BMI) and movement behaviors among schoolchildren from 13 countries across a continuum of human development.MethodsData were from a cross‐sectional study of 9‐11‐year‐old children (n = 8055) recruited from 269 urban schools in 13 countries, and an additional 7 rural schools in one of these countries (Mozambique). BMI was derived from objectively measured heights and weights. Moderate‐ to vigorous‐intensity physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time (SED), and sleep duration were assessed by waist‐worn Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers. Linear models were used to describe the distributions of BMI z‐scores, MVPA, SED, and sleep among sites across varying Human Development Indices (HDIs).ResultsMean MVPA, SED, and sleep duration were 63.1 ± 27.3 minutes/day, 508.7 ± 72.4 minutes/day, and 8.8 ± 0.9 hours/night, respectively. Overall, 2.1% of the sample were thin, 19.5% overweight, and 11.7% were obese. Density curves (BMI z‐scores and SED) for urban children in Mozambique showed significantly higher mean values compared with rural children. Boys had significantly higher mean MVPA compared with girls. Mean BMI z‐scores were positively associated (β = .02; P = .004) with HDI, mean daily MVPA minutes were negatively associated (β = −.38; P = .025) with HDI, and mean SED time was positively associated with HDI (β = 1.18; P = .049). No significant association (β = .01; P = .29) was observed between sleep duration and HDI.ConclusionOur findings show distinct differences in BMI and movement behavior profiles between urban and rural children in Mozambique. Mean BMI z‐scores, MVPA, and SED differed by country HDI. These findings support the need to include both rural and urban participants in study samples.
Life‐threatening heat‐related illness with severe hyponatremia in an aluminum smelter worker
Authors: Wesdock James C. , Donoghue A. Michael 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHeat stress is a recognized occupational hazard in aluminum smelter pot rooms. This is the report of an unusual and complex case of heat‐related illness in an aluminum smelter worker. The 34‐year‐old male US worker developed life‐threatening heat‐related illness in August 2018, on his first day back at work after a 7‐day absence. The worker initially presented with bilateral hand then all‐extremity cramping followed some hours later by a generalized seizure and acute mental status changes, including combativeness. Emergency room evaluation identified a serum sodium level of 114 mmol/L. Acute liver and kidney injury ensued along with profound rhabdomyolysis, with peak total creatinine phosphokinase level reaching over 125 000 units/L at 3 days post incident. Initial ventilatory support, careful fluid resuscitation, and electrolyte management were provided. Metabolic encephalopathy resolved. Complications included sepsis. After 5 days in the intensive care unit and eight additional days of inpatient management, observation, and the initiation of rehabilitation, the worker was discharged. Residual effects include polyneuropathy of upper and lower extremities and the postdischarge magnetic resonance imaging finding of a cerebellar lesion. Prevailing considerations in the differential diagnosis included exertional heat stroke and/or exertion‐associated hyponatremia with encephalopathy.
Functionalized faujasite zeolite immobilized on poly(lactic acid) composite fibers to remove dyes from aqueous media
Authors: Mascarenhas Bruno C. , Tavares Francine A. , Paris Elaine C. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTAn adsorbent based on faujasite zeolite (FAU)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composite fibers was prepared by electrospinning technique and used for the removal of dyes from contaminated water. FAU particles concentration effect from PLA and the flow rate were evaluated on fibers production. Uniform fibers were produced increasing PLA concentration from 10 to 15% w/v. For FAU/PLA composite, uniform fibers were obtained with regular particles distribution on the polymer matrix by FAU adding 20% w/w at an optimal flow rate (2.0 mL h−1). The adsorption assays using the composite reveal a promising material for cationic dyes removal in aqueous medium using adsorption process, maintaining efficiencies above 80% for rhodamine B and 90% for methylene blue after 90 min. In addition, the FAU/PLA composite fibers allowed their use as a potential adsorbent material easily removed from the medium by mechanical forces. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48561.
Anticancer effect of icaritin on prostate cancer via regulating miR‐381‐3p and its target gene UBE2C
Authors: Hu Jimeng , Wu Xiaobo , Yang Chen , Rashid Khalid , Ma Chenkai , Hu Mengbo , Ding Qiang , Jiang Haowen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common health‐related issues in the male individuals of western countries. Icaritin (ICT) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that exhibits antitumor efficacy in variety of cancers including PCa. However, the precise function and detailed molecular mechanism of ICT in the regression of PCa remain unclear. Ubiquitin‐conjugating enzyme E2C (UBE2C) is an anaphase‐promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C)‐specific ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, which acts as an oncogene in PCa progression. The function of ICT in PCa was investigated in transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice using survival analysis, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, TUNEL assay, and immunohistochemistry and in human PCa cell lines using various molecular techniques and functional assays including plasmid construction and transfection. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify the interaction between miRNA and UBE2C via the TargetScan algorithm. We demonstrated that ICT inhibited the development and progression of PCa in TRAMP mice by improving the survival rate and tumor differentiation. Furthermore, we found that ICT could significantly inhibit cell proliferation and invasion and induce apoptosis in PCa cells. Consistently, downregulation of UBE2C suppressed the proliferation and invasion of PCa cells. Moreover, a luciferase reporter assay confirmed that UBE2C was a direct target of miR‐381‐3p. Meanwhile, ICT simultaneously downregulated UBE2C expression and upregulated miR‐381‐3p levels in human PCa cells. Altogether, our findings provide a strong rationale for the clinical application of ICT as a potential oncotherapeutic agent against PCa via a novel molecular mechanism of regulating the miR‐381‐3p/UBE2C pathway.
Bridge‐Length‐Dependent Intramolecular Charge Transfer in Bis(dianisylamino)‐Terminated Oligo(p‐phenylene)s
Authors: Uebe Masashi , Kaneda Kensuke , Fukuzaki Shinya , Ito Akihiro 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRadical cations of bis(dianisylamino)‐terminated oligo(p‐phenylene)s (OPPs) with up to five phenyl moieties were characterized by means of UV/Vis‐NIR and variable‐temperature ESR spectroscopy to investigate the bridge‐length‐dependence on intramolecular charge/spin self‐exchange between two nitrogen redox‐active centers. Additionally, a comparative study between bis(dianisylamine)‐based mixed‐valence (MV) radical cations connected by p‐terphenylene and hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronene (HBC) π‐bridging units also provided information on the influence of extended π‐conjugation over the OPP‐bridge due to the planarization between adjacent phenylene units on the strength of electronic coupling. The present study on a homologous series of organic MV systems clarifies the attenuation factor through the OPP‐bridge and the linear relationship between the electrochemical potential splitting and the electronic coupling in the region of intermediate‐to‐weak electronic coupling regime.
Nanobundles of Iron Phosphide Fabricated by Direct Phosphorization of Metal–Organic Frameworks as an Efficient Hydrogen‐Evolving Electrocatalyst
Authors: Zhao Ruo , Gao Song , Wu Yingxiao , Liang Zibin , Zhang Hao , Xia Wei , Li Shuai , Zhao Yusheng , Zou Ruqiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTransition‐metal‐based phosphides (TMPs) have been considered as attractive electrocatalysts for water splitting due to their earth‐abundance and remarkable catalytic activity. As a representative type of precursors, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) provide ideal plateaus for the design of nanostructured TMPs. In this work, the hierarchically structured iron phosphide nanobundles (FeP‐500) were fabricated by one‐step phosphorization of an iron‐based MOF (MET(Fe)) precursor. The derived FeP‐500 nanobundles were constructed by quasi‐paralleled one‐dimensional nanorods with uneven surface, which provided channels for electrolyte penetration, mass transport, and effective exposure of active sites during the water‐splitting process. With the addition of conductive Super P, the obtained FeP‐500‐S exhibited a good electrocatalytic performance towards the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline electrolyte (1 mol L−1 KOH). Furthermore, to investigate the influence of secondary metal doping, a series of isoreticular MOF precursors and bimetallic TMPs were fabricated. The results indicated that the catalytic performance is structure dominated.
Brownian Motion and Large Electric Polarizabilities Facilitate Dielectrophoretic Capture of Sub‐200 nm Gold Nanoparticles in Water
Authors: Midelet Clyde , Le Pioufle Bruno , Werts Martinus H. V. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDielectrophoresis can move small particles using the force resulting from their polarization in a divergent electric field. In liquids, it has most often been applied to micrometric objects such as biological cells or latex microspheres. For smaller particles, the dielectrophoretic force becomes very small and the phenomenon is furthermore perturbed by Brownian motion. Whereas dielectrophoresis has been used for assembly of superstructures of nanoparticles and for the detection of proteins and nucleic acids, the mechanisms underlying DEP of such small objects require further study. This work presents measurements of the alternating‐current (AC) dielectrophoretic response of gold nanoparticles of less than 200 nm diameter in water. An original dark‐field digital video‐microscopic method was developed and used in combination with a microfluidic device containing transparent thin‐film electrodes. It was found that the dielectrophoretic force is only effective in a small zone very close to the tip of the electrodes, and that Brownian motion actually facilitates transport of particles towards this zone. Moreover, the fact that particles as small as 80 nm are still efficiently captured in our device is not only due to Brownian transport but also to an effective polarizability that is larger than what would be expected on basis of current theory for a sphere in a dielectric medium.
HLA‐B*51:01 and CYP2C9*3 Are Risk Factors for Phenytoin‐Induced Eruption in the Japanese Population: Analysis of Data From the Biobank Japan Project
Authors: Hikino Keiko , Ozeki Takeshi , Koido Masaru , Terao Chikashi , Kamatani Yoichiro , Mizukawa Yoshiko , Shiohara Tetsuo , Tohyama Mikiko , Azukizawa Hiroaki , Aihara Michiko , Nihara Hiroyuki , Morita Eishin , Murakami Yoshinori , Kubo Michiaki , Mushiroda Taisei 
Published: October 2019

CYP2C9*3 and HLA‐B alleles are reportedly associated with phenytoin‐induced eruption in some East Asian populations; however, this finding is not readily applicable to the Japanese population. Thus, we aimed to investigate the risk alleles using samples and data from BioBank Japan. A total of 747 patients (24 cases and 723 tolerant controls) were selected for analysis. Case‐control association studies were conducted, using CYP2C9*3, CYP2C9*27, CYP2C19*2, CYP2C19*3, and HLA‐B allele genotype data. CYP2C9*3 carrier status was significantly associated with phenytoin‐induced eruption (P = 0.0022, odds ratio 7.05, 95% confidence interval, 2.44–20.4). HLA‐B*51:01 showed the most prominent association (P = 0.010, odds ratio 3.19, 95% confidence interval, 1.37–7.48). Including both of these features improved predictive performance, measured as area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, by 10%. CYP2C9*3 and HLA‐B*51:01 allele carrier statuses are significantly associated with phenytoin‐induced eruption; thus, checking this carrier status before prescription would decrease the incidence of phenytoin‐induced eruption in clinical practice.