bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide survey of the phosphofructokinase family in cassava and functional characterization in response to oxygen-deficient stress
Authors: Wang Haiyan , Zhao Pingjuan , Shen Xu , Xia Zhiqiang , Zhou Xincheng , Chen Xin , Lu Cheng , Wang Wenquan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Glycolytic pathway is common in all plant organs, especially in oxygen-deficient tissues. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the glycolytic pathway and catalyses the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. Cassava (Manihot esculenta) root is a huge storage organ with low amount of oxygen. However, less is known about the functions of PFK from M. esculenta (MePFK). We conducted a systematic analysis of MePFK genes to explore the function of the MePFK gene family under hypoxic stress.Results: We identified 13 MePFK genes and characterised their sequence structure. The phylogenetic tree divided the 13 genes into two groups: nine were MePFKs and four were pyrophosphate-fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase (MePFPs). We confirmed by green fluorescent protein fusion protein expression that MePFK03 and MePFPA1 were localised in the chloroplast and cytoplasm, respectively. The expression profiles of the 13 MePFKs detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction revealed that MePFK02, MePFK03, MePFPA1, MePFPB1 and MePFPA2 displayed higher expression in leaves, root and flower. The expression of MePFK03, MePFPA1 and MePFPB1 in tuber root increased gradually with plant growth. We confirmed that hypoxia occurred in the cassava root, and the concentration of oxygen was sharply decreasing from the outside to the inside root. The expression of MePFK03, MePFPA1 and MePFPB1 decreased with the decrease in the oxygen concentration in cassava root. Waterlogging stress treatment showed that the transcript level of PPi-dependent MePFP and MeSuSy were up-regulated remarkably and PPi-dependent glycolysis bypass was promoted. Conclusion: A systematic survey of phylogenetic relation, molecular characterisation, chromosomal and subcellular localisation and cis-element prediction of MePFKs were performed in cassava. The expression profiles of MePFKs in different development stages, organs and under waterlogging stress showed that MePFPA1 plays an important role during the growth and development of cassava. Combined with the transcriptional level of MeSuSy, we found that pyrophosphate (PPi)-dependent glycolysis bypass was promoted when cassava was under waterlogging stress. The results would provide insights for further studying the function of MePFKs under hypoxic stress.
Comparison of intraocular pressure among individuals with systemic hypertension and those with normal blood pressure
Authors: Parajuli Sanket , Shrestha Pooja , Shrestha Jeevan kumar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Systemic blood pressure, by far is one of the most important factors that can have an effect on intraocular pressure. There is a limited set of studies regarding the effects of increased blood pressure on intraocular pressure. As for our knowledge, this study was first of its kind in Nepal. We have tried to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) among patients with systemic hypertension and those with normal blood pressure.
Methods
A hospital based prospective case control study was conducted from March 2017 to March 2018 in the outpatient department of the department of ophthalmology in Dhulikhel hospital. A total of 100 patients with hypertension were included in case group (hypertensive group) and 100 cases with no systemic or ocular disease were included in control group (normotensive group). Mean intraocular pressures were calculated and compared along with the different range of blood pressure levels.
Results
Mean age of patients was 49.03 years in hypertensive group and 47.53 years in Normotensive group. Mean IOP of right eye in those with hypertension was 16.10 mmHg and in left eye was 15.8 mmHg. Similarly mean IOP of right eye in normotensive group was 15.8 mmHg and left eye was 16.2 mmHg. The difference between mean of IOP of hypertensive and normotensive individuals were not statistically significant. The prevalence of ocular hypertension in this study population was found to be 7.5% in that age group. The prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in this study population was found to be 1.5%.
Conclusion
There was no statistically significant difference in IOP between hypertensive and normotensive individuals. There was statistically significant difference in IOP in hypertensive with controlled BP and hypertensive with uncontrolled BP indicating that high BP may be associated with high IOP.
Stomatin modulates adipocyte differentiation through ERK pathway and regulates lipid droplet growth and function
Authors: Wu Shao-Chin , Lio Yuan-Ming , Lee Jui-Hao , Chen Chin-Yau , Chen Tung-Wei , Liu Hong-Wen , Lian Wei-Nan , Lin Wei-Ju , Yang Chih-Yung , Tung Chien-Yi , Lin Chi-Hung 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Controlling fatty acid uptake, lipid production and storage, and metabolism of lipid droplets (LDs), are closely related to lipid homeostasis, adipocyte hypertrophy and obesity. We report here that stomatin, a major constituent of the lipid raft, participate in adipogenesis and lipogenesis by preferentially recruiting effectors, such as perilipin for LD fusion or transporters for fatty acid uptake. Adipocyte-like cells having increased stomatin expressions exhibit higher levels of fatty acid uptake and LD growth or enlargements. Moreover, transgenic mice fed with a high-fat diet showed increased stomatin expression that facilitated progression of obesity and caused insulin resistance and hepatic impairments. Conversely, inhibitions of stomatin by gene knockdown or pharmacological treatments could block not only LD growth but also adipogenic differentiation through downregulation of PPARγ pathway. Effects of stomatin on PPARγ involved ERK signaling; however, an alternate pathway also exist. Amongst various anti-obesity measures, stomatin serves as another potential therapeutic target.
First report of the stubby-root nematode Nanidorus minor infecting Paspalum vaginatum, seashore paspalum grass in Georgia, USA
Authors: Jagdale Ganpati B. , Forghani Fereidoun , Martin Katherine , Hajihassani Abolfazl , Martinez-Espinoza Alfredo Dick 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We found that Nanidorus spp. was pathogenic to seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) turfgrass as its population increased from 100 to 2,080 nematodes per pot 180 days after inoculation under greenhouse conditions. Morphological measurements of adult females were similar to those described for N. minor. Molecular analysis also confirmed the morphological identification by targeting three different regions of the genomic DNA. Three primer pairs targeting 18S rDNA (360F/932R), 28S rDNA (D2A/D3B) and ITS1 rDNA (BL18/5818) were used in singleplex PCR. Forward and reverse sequences of each individual primer set were then subjected to multiple alignment and the complimentary sequences were assembled into a consensus sequence. Upon nucleotide blast on the NCBI website, they were all confirmed to be N. minor. A one-step multiplex PCR method using specific primers and a fragment size of 190 bp also confirmed the identity of N. minor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of N. minor infecting seashore paspalum turfgrass in Georgia.
Influence of lithium chloride on the apoptosis of endotheliocytes in systemic inflammatory response syndrome in patients with severe multiple injury. A retrospective study
Authors: Kuzovlev Artem N. , Grebenchikov O. A. , Meshkov M. A. , Dolgikh V. T. , Prokofiev M. D. , Shpichko N. P. , Ershov A. V. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives. The goal is to study the effect of lithium chloride on the intensity of endotheliocytes apoptosis in a monolayer in vitro under the action of blood serum of patients with the syndrome of systemic inflammatory response in severe multiple trauma.
Materials and methods. We used toxic blood serum of 5 patients with severe multiple trauma. As controls we used blood serum of 5 healthy donors. In different series of the experiment EA.hy926 endothelial cells were incubated with blood serum of a healthy person (control), with blood serum of patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in severe multiple trauma. Lithium chloride was added to the cell samples at final concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 mmol/L. After incubation the cells were removed with trypsin-versen solution fixed with 70 % ethanol and stained with propidium iodide. Cells containing fragmented genomic DNA were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results. It was revealed that toxic serum suppressed GSK-3β phosphorylation in endotheliocytes and also caused the splitting of VE-cadherin, a decrease in the amount of claudine and actin, initiating the destruction of intercellular contacts of the endothelial monolayer and apoptosis of endotheliocytes. Incubation of a monolayer of endotheliocytes with lithium chloride at a concentration of 1.0 mmol/l and higher almost completely prevented the dismantling of claudine, actin and VE-cadherin, and also reduced the intensity of apoptosis of endotheliocytes by more than 2 times. It was found that preincubation with lithium chloride at a concentration of 1 mmol/L not only prevented the inactivation of GSK-3β, but even stimulated its phosphorylation.
Conclusion. Lithium chloride prevents the dismantling of claudine and VE-cadherin in the intercellular contacts, reduces the number of apoptotic cells in the monolayer of the endothelial cells of the EA.hy926 line under the action of the blood serum of patients with a systemic inflammatory response syndrome in severe multiple trauma, which may indicate a protective effect of the drug on endothelial barrier. The results of this investigation suggest that the protective effect of lithium chloride on endothelium is realized via GSK-3β phosphorylation.
Evaluation of the need of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis at endoscopic operations in bariatric surgery. An observational study
Authors: Prudkov A. I. , Anferov I. D. , Anferov D. I. , Fyodorova K. E. , Mezenina Ya. M. , Struikhin A. S. , Nishnevich E. V. , Rudnov Vladimir A. 
Published: November 2020

Purpose of the study. To determine the need for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in video endoscopic operations in bariatric surgery. Materials and methods. The observational study included 152 patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity — 94 (61.84 %), gastric bypass surgery — 21 (13.82 %), mini-gastric bypass surgery — 31 (20.40 %) or gastric banding — 6 (3.94 %) in the absence of PAP. All surgical interventions were performed by one team of surgeons. The average duration of the operation was 140.69 ± 35.57 minutes. The overwhelming majority of patients belonged to the average age — 44.0 ± 8.5 years (from 23 to 64 years). The average body mass index (BMI) of all patients at the time of admission was 46.57 ± 7.12. Results. It was found that the development of infections of the surgical site (SSI) without the use of antibiotics in the perioperative period was absent, the frequency of presumed infections was 4.0 % (6 out of 151). Moreover, only in 1 case, an anastomotic leak was diagnosed, in 6 cases the focus of infection was not established and antibiotics (cefoperazone / sulbactam or cefepime, or ceftriaxone) were prescribed empirically for 2–3 days based on an increase in the number of blood leukocytes and a rise in body temperature above normal values. An increase in body temperature and an increase in the number of blood leukocytes in the initial state was associated with grade 4 on the ASA scale and an operation duration of more than 180 minutes. Conclusion. During endovideoscopic surgeries for morbid obesity, perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is justified only in patients belonging to the 4th class on the ASA scale and the estimated duration of surgery is more than 3 hours.
Comparison and Analysis of Computational Methods for Identifying N6-Methyladenosine Sites in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Feng Pengmian , Feng Lijing , Tang Chaohui 
Published: November 2020

Background and Purpose:
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays critical roles in a broad range of biological processes.
Knowledge about the precise location of m6A site in the transcriptome is vital for deciphering its biological
functions. Although experimental techniques have made substantial contributions to identify m6A, they are still
labor intensive and time consuming. As complement to experimental methods, in the past few years, a series of
computational approaches have been proposed to identify m6A sites.

Methods:
In order to facilitate researchers to select appropriate methods for identifying m6A sites, it is necessary
to conduct a comprehensive review and comparison of existing methods.

Results:
Since research works on m6A in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are relatively clear, in this review, we
summarized recent progress of computational prediction of m6A sites in S. cerevisiae and assessed the performance
of existing computational methods. Finally, future directions of computationally identifying m6A sites
are presented.

Conclusion:
Taken together, we anticipate that this review will serve as an important guide for computational
analysis of m6A modifications.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Amino Acid Based Mutual Amide Prodrugs of Phenytoin as Anticonvulsant Agents
Authors: Jangam Sampada , Deodhar Meenakshi , Wankhede Sagar 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Phenytoin (5,5-diphenyl hydantoin) has poor water solubility, which
results in incomplete oral availability. Other problems associated with the oral and intramuscular
administration of phenytoin are gastric irritation and inflammation at the site of injection.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to synthesize mutual amide prodrugs of phenytoin by
using amino acids like glycine, L-tryptophan, L-lysine and taurine.

Methods:
These prodrugs were synthesized and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared
(FTIR), Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Mass Spectra. Physical and spectral
characterization was performed by determination of solubility, maximum wavelength, partition
coefficient (log P), ionization constant (pKa), specific (α) and molar rotation (μ), refractive index
(n), specific refraction (RS) and molar refraction (RM).

Results:
The results obtained from solubility and log P values determination indicated that phenytoin
prodrugs can be administered by oral as well as a parenteral route by minimizing the limitations
associated with phenytoin. Anticonvulsant activity of prodrugs (4a-4d) was evaluated by using
maximal electroshock (MES) and strychnine induced seizure test on albino mice of either sex
weighing 25-30 g in which 4b and 4d were found to have significant anticonvulsant activity for
MES and strychnine induced seizure test. In vitro enzymatic hydrolysis study of 4b and 4d was
performed on liver, intestinal mucosa and plasma sample of male Sprague Dawley rats weighing
280-300 g in which phenytoin was eluted at 10.13 to 10.68 minutes at 220 nm.

Conclusion:
The results obtained from the present work showed that amino acid-based mutual
prodrug strategy can be a promising method to increase the solubility and anticonvulsant activity
of phenytoin for the development of anticonvulsant agents.
Development and implementation of the first domestic automobile-carrying cars for the transportation of automobiles in the passenger trains
Authors: Samoshkin S. L. , Korshunov S. D. , Samoshkin O. S. , Udel’nov A. G. , Semenov D. V. 
Published: November 2020

One of the activities of the JSC “FPK” is the creation of competitive advantages for passenger rail transport by formulating proposals for the provision of new services in long-distance trains. Currently, there is a need for intercity and even international transportation of automobiles for passengers traveling on long-distance trains.To resolve this issue, the JSC “FPK” developed a technical task, according to which the PKTB L JSC “RZD” designed a specialized passenger car for the transportation of automobiles in the long-distance trains. It was created on the basis of a 47D model car built in Germany, which was modernized during its overhaul.Prototype of the new car has passed a full range of tests in accordance with the requirements of the technical regulations of the Customs Union (TR CU) 001/2011 at the test center of the JSC NO “TIV”. Based on the positive results of the dynamic-strength, fireprevention, electrical and other tests, the Voronezh Car Repair Plant received from the Federal Agency for Railway Transport a certificate of compliance with the requirements of the TR CU and the right to manufacture an initial batch of cars.During impact tests, the low reliability of the standard thrustscrew fastening of the car wheels was established. In order to eliminate the noted drawback, a lock-cable mount was developed. Repeated impact tests have confirmed the effectiveness of the new wheel mounting design.Operation of the first batch of cars (8 and 5 units) showed a great demand for this type of service, especially on the directions Moscow—St. Petersburg—Moscow, Moscow—Helsinki—Moscow, Moscow—Adler—Moscow. In this regard, the issue of the development and manufacture of new cars with improved performance indicators (increasing the number of transported automobiles to 8–10 units instead of 4–5 units in the operated cars) is being worked out.
Web-based Self-help Program for Adjustment Problems After an Accident (SelFIT): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hegy Julia Katharina , Brog Noemi Anja , Berger Thomas , Znoj Hansjoerg 
Published: November 2020

Background
Accidents and the resulting injuries are among the world’s biggest health care issues, often causing long-term effects on psychological and physical health. With regard to psychological consequences, accidents can cause a wide range of burdens including adjustment problems. Although adjustment problems are among the most frequent mental health problems, there are few specific interventions available. The newly developed program SelFIT (German acronym: Selber wieder fit nach einem Unfall; “fit again after an accident”) aims to remedy this situation by offering a low-threshold, web-based self-help intervention for psychological distress after an accident.

Objective
The overall aim is to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of the SelFIT program plus care as usual (CAU) compared to only CAU. Furthermore, the program’s user-friendliness, acceptance, and adherence are assessed. We expect that the use of SelFIT will be associated with a greater reduction in psychological distress, greater improvement in mental and physical well-being, and greater cost-effectiveness compared to CAU.

Methods
Adults (n=240) experiencing adjustment problems due to an accident they had between 2 weeks and 2 years before entering the study will be randomized into either the intervention or control group. Participants in the intervention group receive direct access to SelFIT. The control group receives access to the program after 12 weeks. There are 6 measurement points for both groups (baseline as well as after 4, 8, 12, 24, and 36 weeks). The main outcome is a reduction in anxiety, depression, and stress symptoms that indicate adjustment problems. Secondary outcomes include well-being, optimism, embitterment, self-esteem, self-efficacy, emotion regulation, pain, costs of health care consumption, and productivity loss, as well as the program’s adherence, acceptance, and user-friendliness.

Results
Recruitment began in December 2019 and will continue at least until January 2021, with the option to extend this for another 6 months until July 2021. As of July 2020, 324 people have shown interest in participating, and 48 people have given their informed consent.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study examining a web-based self-help program designed to treat adjustment problems resulting from an accident. If effective, the program could complement the still limited offerings for secondary and tertiary prevention of psychological distress after an accident.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03785912; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03785912

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/21200
Profil Penguasaan Keterampilan Proses Sains Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sari Prima Mutia 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap profil penguasaan keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa PGSD UHAMKA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa PGSD Uhamka. Sampel yang digunakan adalah mahasiswa semester 5 TA 2016/2017 sebanyak 316 mahasiswa yang dipilih dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes keterampilan proses sains dan lembar observasi keterampilan proses sains. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif yang mencakup persentase, nilai minimum, nilai maksimum, rata-rata dan standar deviasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa profil penguasaan keterampilan proses sains mahasiswa PGSD FKIP Uhamka masih rendah dengan nilai rata-rata 46,46, indikator tertinggi adalah kemampuan menggunakan alat dan bahan dan indikator terendah adalah kemampuan berkomunikasi.
The Correlation Between Active Participation and Metacognitive Ability of Primary School Students through Montessori Learning Method
Authors: Janah Widia Nur , Susilawati Susilawati 
Published: November 2020

Metacognitive was the student’s skill in the process of acting (activity) and thinking (mental process). This skill could improve their learning process and memory. Student who had metacognitive skill will be able to control and to arrange his learning activity by himself. Active participation was the interaction both physically and psychologically to think, to interact, to try and to find new things in the learning process. The purpose of this research was to find the relationship between active participation and the metacognitive ability of students, especially in elementary school. This research was a correlation study. Population of this research was 5th grade students in SD Negeri 3 Klangenan academic year 2017/2018. Sample was taken using purposive sampling technique. The data was collected by observation and written test. The instruments for active participation was observation sheets and the instrument for metacognitive ability was a multiple choice test that consist of 20 questions. The data was analyzed using correlation technique using IBM SPSS Statistics 16.0 for windows. Based on the data nalaysis, it was obtained was 0.682. At a significant level 5% then was 0.413. Based on value then it showed that there was a positive and significant corelation between active participation and metacognitive ability of students 5th grade SD Negeri 3 Klangenan.