bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How decisive is the number of distal arterial anastomoses in coronary bypass surgery ?
Authors: jegaden olivier , Farhat Fadi , Jegaden Margaux , Hassan Amar , Lapeze Joel , Eker Armand 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background. The benefit of arterial revascularization in coronary surgery remains controversial. The incremental value of additional grafts to the left internal thoracic artery (ITA) has been mainly assessed according to the number of arterial grafts, possibly limiting the detection of its actual impact. We analyzed the influence of the number of distal arterial anastomoses (DAA) performed on late mortality in patients having received from one to three arterial grafts.Methods. Retrospective review of 3685 primary isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) performed from 1989 to 2014 was conducted with a 13-year mean follow-up. One arterial graft (SITA) was used in 969 patients, two arterial grafts, ITA or gastroepiploic artery (GEA), in 1883 patients (BITA: 1644; SITA+GEA: 239), and three arterial grafts in 833 patients (BITA+GEA). Totally, 795 patients (22%) received one DAA, 1142 patients (31%) two, 1337 patients (36%) three, and 411 patients (11%) four or more. A sub-group analysis was done in the 2104 patients with 3-vessel disease who received at least 2 arterial grafts.Results. In this series the early mortality was 1.6 % and it was not influenced by the surgical technique. Late mortality was significantly influenced by age, gender, heart failure, LV ejection fraction, diabetes status, complete revascularization, number of arterial grafts, number of DAA, both ITA, sequential ITA graft, GEA graft. In multivariable analysis with Cox regression model, the number of DAA was the only technical significant independent prognosis factor of late survival (p<0.0001), predominant over both ITA, complete revascularization and number of arterial grafts. The impact of the number of DAA on survival was found discriminant from 1 to 3; after 3 there was no more additional effect. In 3-vessel disease patients who received at least 2 arterial grafts, the number of DAA remained a significant independent prognosis factor of late survival (p<0.0001).Conclusions. The number of distal arterial anastomoses is an independent predictor of long-term survival, predominant over the number of arterial grafts and the completeness of the revascularization; higher the number, better the late survival. It is a strong support of the extensive use of arterial grafting in CABG.
Hybrid Stepwise External Wrapping for Type A Acute Aortic Dissection with Cerebral Malperfusion
Authors: Suematsu Yoshihiro , Nishi Satoshi , Arima Daisuke , Yoshimoto Akihiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life-threatening condition which can lead to coronary, brachiocephalic or branch vessel malperfusion, as well as aortic valve insufficiency, or aortic rupture. Mortality of surgical treatment in high-risk or elderly patients with Type A AAD (TAAAD) still remains high, and treatment for such patients remains controversial. We report a successful treatment of TAAAD with a communicating false lumen in a 60-year-old man with acute hemi-cerebral malperfusion. Case presentation: The ascending aorta was wrapped with stepwise external wrapping (SEW) procedure, and subsequent thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) was successfully performed. The patient was discharged in good physical condition without any complications. Conclusions: Hybrid therapy with SEW and TEVAR with TAAAD associated with major cerebral malperfusion should be considered, especially in patients for whom open surgery is extremely risky.
Unveiling the Long Non-Coding RNA Profile of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus-Infected Porcine Alveolar Macrophages
Authors: Gao Junxin , Pan Yu , Xu Yunfei , Zhang Wenli , Zhang Lin , Li Xi , Tian Zhijun , Chen Hongyan , Wang Yue 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLong noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is highly associated with inflammatory response and virus-induced interferon production. By far the majority of studies have focused on the immune-related lncRNAs of mice and humans, but the function of lncRNAs in porcine immune cells are poorly understood. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) impairs local immune responses in the lungs of nursery and growing pigs, whereas the virus triggers the inflammatory responses. Porcine alveolar macrophage (PAM) is the primary target cell of PRRSV, thus PRRSV is used as an in vitro model of inflammation. Here, we profiled lncRNA and mRNA repertories from PRRSV-infected PAMs to explore the underlying mechanism of porcine lncRNAs in regulating host immune responses. ResultsIn this study, a total of 474 annotated lncRNAs and 2664 novel lncRNAs in PAMs were identified through RNA-seq analysis. Among them 88 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 407 DE protein-coding mRNAs were identified upon PRRSV incubation. GO category and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that these DE lncRNAs and mRNAs were mainly involved in inflammation- and pathogen infection-induced pathways. The results of dynamic correlated expression networks between lncRNAs and their predicted target genes uncovered that numerous lncRNAs, such as XLOC-022175, XLOC-019295, and XLOC-017089, were correlated with innate immune genes. Further analysis validated that these three lncRNAs were positively correlated with their predicted target genes including CXCL2, IFI6, and CD163. This study suggests that porcine lncRNAs affect immune responses against PRRSV infection through regulating their target genes in PAMs. ConclusionThis study provides both transcriptomic and epigenetic status of porcine macrophages. In response to PRRSV infection, comprehensive DE lncRNAs and mRNAs were profiled from PAMs. Co-expression analysis demonstrated that lncRNAs are emerging as the important modulators of immune gene activities through their critical influence upon PRRSV infection in porcine macrophages.
Long non-coding RNA NONSUST006715.1 suppresses Japanese encephalitis virus proliferation in PK-15 cells
Authors: Zhou Xiaolong , Yuan Qiongyu , Zhang Chen , Dai Zhenglie , Du Chengtao , Wang Han , Li Xiangchen , Yang Songbai , Zhao Ayong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Japanese encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne neurotropic flavivirus that causes acute viral encephalitis in humans. Pigs are crucial amplifier host of JEV. Recently, increasing evidences have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in virus infection. Methods: The JEV proliferation was evaluated after overexpression or knockdown of lncRNA-NONSUST006715.1 using western blotting and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). C-C chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1) was found to regulate the expression of lncRNA-NONSUST006715.1 by inhibitors screen. The expression of lncRNA-NONSUST006715.1 was detected using RT-PCR after overexpression or knockdown of transcription factor SP1. In addition, the enrichments of transcription factor SP1 on the promoter of lncRNA-NONSUST006715.1 were analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Results: In this study, we demonstrated that swine lncRNA-NONSUST006715.1 could suppress JEV proliferation in PK-15 cells. We also found that CCR1 inhibited the expression of lncRNA-NONSUST006715.1 via the transcription factor SP1. In addition, knockdown of CCR1 could upregulated the expression of SP1 and lncRNA-NONSUST006715.1, resulting in resistance to JEV proliferation. Conclusions: These findings illustrate the importance of lncRNAs in virus proliferation, and reveal how this virus regulates lncRNAs in host cells to promote its proliferation.
How Much Value Would a Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease Offer? Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds for Pricing a Disease-Modifying Therapy
Authors: Jun Hankyung , Cho Sang K. , Aliyev Elmar R. , Mattke Soeren , Suen Sze-Chuan 
Published: December 2020

Background::
Recent trials suggest that disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for Alzheimer’s
disease may become available soon. With the expected high price and a large patient pool, the budget
impact will be substantial.

Objective:
We explore combinations of effectiveness and price under which a DMT is cost-effective.

Methods:
We used an open-source model to conduct two-way scenario analyses for both payer and societal
perspectives, varying price, and treatment effect size simultaneously. The analysis generates costeffectiveness
threshold prices over a potential range of DMT effectiveness in patients aged 65+ with
mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease in the US.

Results:
Under the willingness-to-pay a threshold of $150,000 per quality-adjusted life year and assuming
30% risk reduction relative to the standard of care, the maximum cost-effective price of a DMT per
patient per year is ~$22,000 and ~$15,000 from societal and payer perspectives, respectively.

Conclusion:
Joint variation of price and treatment effect size can help assess the cost-effectiveness of a
potential Alzheimer’s disease treatment.
Association Between Oxidative Stress and Altered Cholesterol Metabolism in Alzheimer’s Disease Patients
Authors: Zarrouk Amira , Hammouda Souha , Ghzaiel Imen , Hammami Sonia , Khamlaoui Wided , Ahmed Samia H. , Lizard Gérard , Hammami Mohamed 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Oxidative stress is the main feature of several diseases including Alzheimer’s
disease (AD). The involvement of oxysterols derivates has been recently reported.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the implication of oxidative stress in cholesterol
impairment in AD patients.

Methods:
A case-control study was conducted on 56 AD patients and 97 controls. Levels of oxidative
biomarkers, including lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured with
spectrophotometric methods on red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma. Cholesterol precursors and oxysterols
(7-Ketocholeterol (7KC), 7α-hydroxycholesterol (7α-OHC), 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC), 24Shydroxycholesterol
(24S-OH), 25-hyroxycholesterol (25-OHC), and 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC),
in plasma were quantified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry.

Results:
In RBCs and plasma of AD patients, a significant decrease of glutathione peroxidase (GPx)
activity was detected associated with raised levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). A decreased level of
lanosterol and an accumulation of 7β-OHC, 24S-OHC, 27-OHC, and 25-OHC that were higher in
plasma of AD patients, compared to controls, were also observed in AD patients. Mini-Mental State Examination
(MMSE) score was correlated with MDA and conjugated dienes (CD) levels in plasma. Besides,
the MDA level in RBCs was correlated with 7β-OHC. Binary logistic regression revealed an association
between GPx activity and AD (OR=0.895, 95%CI: 0.848-0.945. P<0.001).

Conclusion:
Our data consolidate the relationship between the rupture of redox homeostasis and lipid
and cholesterol oxidation in AD.
Pulmonary Valve Endocarditis: A Case Report
Authors: Hajiabdolbaghi Mahboubeh , Ahmadieh Arsis , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Nezhad Maliheh Hassan 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Isolated pulmonary valve endocarditis (PVE) is an extremely uncommon
clinical finding comprising less than 1.5-2% of cases for infective endocarditis. It is a challenging
condition to diagnose mainly because of nonspecific signs and symptoms at presentation.

Case Presentation:
A 58-year-old married and retired man was admitted to a community hospital
for evaluation of chest pain. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), 2 days after, revealed
semi-mobile vegetation on the pulmonary valve and pulmonary artery wall. Moreover, occlude devices
at the root of the aorta, and the pulmonary artery was seen. Left ventricular ejection fraction
(LVEF) with systolic dysfunction, mild aortic insufficiency (AI), mild tricuspid regurgitation (pulmonary
artery pressure of 50 mmHg) without pericardial effusion, was also reported in the Echocardiography.
Blood cultures, viral markers, and Brucella IgG and IgM titration were negative during
the admission. The patient received a 4-week course of intravenous antibiotic therapy, including
Ceftriaxone and Teicoplanin (Targocid).
Factors Affecting Stability of the Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Cadaveric Biomechanical Study
Authors: Bicknell Ryan , Furlan Michael , Bertelsen Alexander , Matsen Frederick 
Published: December 2020

Background:
The overall objective of this study was to investigate whether a reverse shoulder arthroplasty could provide adequate stability to a shoulder even with extreme soft tissue loss. The specific objectives of this study were: to determine if just the deltoid, conjoined tendon, and triceps are sufficient soft tissues to allow a Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty (RSA) to provide shoulder stability and to determine the influence of load direction, rotation, shoulder position, and polyethylene thickness on RSA stability in this soft-tissue deficient model.

Methods:
This study utilized six cadaveric shoulders that had all soft tissue removed, with the exception of the deltoid, conjoint tendon, and long head of triceps. A reverse shoulder arthroplasty was then performed (Delta III, DePuy Inc., Warsaw, IN) and an increasing dislocation force was applied perpendicular to the humeral socket centerline until dislocation occurred, or a maximum load of 100 N was reached. This was repeated to measure the effect of four factors: load direction, arm position, polyethylene thickness, and arm rotation on force to dislocation.

Results:

For load direction, there was an increase in force to dislocate an inferior load direction (p=0.01). There was a lower not dislocated percentage and lower survival for a posterior load direction (p=0.02). For arm position, there was a decrease in force for dislocation and lower survival for both abduction and extension arm positions. There was a higher not dislocated percentage for a flexion arm position (p=0.01). For arm rotation, there was a lower not dislocated percentage and lower survival for an external rotation arm position (p=0.03). There was no statistically significant influence of polyethylene thickness (p=0.26).

Conclusion:
The deltoid, conjoined tendon, and triceps are sufficient to stabilize an RSA. Load direction, arm position, and arm rotation were all shown to significantly affect stability. Finally, polyethylene thickness may not affect overall RSA stability in this soft-tissue deficient model.

Level of Evidence:
Basic science study, Biomechanical study.
Rio de Janeiro, metrópole apocalíptica e pós-humana
Authors: Teixeira Paulo 
Published: December 2020

Numa abordagem interdisciplinar, na qual intervêm a teoria da literatura e a ciência espacial, o presente artigo examina a representação do Rio de Janeiro no conto “O quarto selo (fragmento)” de Rubem Fonseca. Situado num futuro indeterminado, o conto recorre à técnica dos planos cinematográficos para descrever uma nova realidade urbana, na qual os espaços da modernidade tardia se veem substituídos por uma metrópole conformada por periferias. Num tempo em que os corpos, as máquinas e as cidades são mutuamente constitutivos, a presença do personagem-ciborgue alude à disseminação de identidades híbridas no contexto de uma geografia pós-humana. O protagonista do conto é precisamente uma criação artificial, dotada de múltiplas identidades, no mundo ordenado e gerenciado do Rio de Janeiro entendido como metrópole apocalíptica. O apocalipse, para o qual remete o título do conto, deve ser entendido como um dispositivo que projeta um cenário catastrófico na realidade imediata, permitindo que questões de ordem social e política possam ser pensadas ​​e discutidas.
KARAKTERISTIK DAN STATUS KETERGANTUNGAN PEROKOK AKTIF TERHADAP NIKOTIN DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Dwinta Eliza 
Published: December 2020

<p align="justify"><em>Rokok mengandung unsur-unsur kimia seperti tar, nikotin, benzovrin, metal-kloride, aseton, amino, dan karbon monoksida</em><em>.</em><em> Adanya kandungan nikotin dalam rokok dapat menyebabkan ketergantungan. F</em><em>agerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence</em><em> (FTND)</em><em> </em><em>digunakan sebagai</em><em> kuisioner bagi para perokok di</em><em> </em><em>daerah Yogyakarta</em><em> untuk mengetahui tingkat ketergantungan terhadap nikotin</em><em>.</em><em> P</em><em>enelitian ini me</em><em>rupakan deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. </em><em>Responden </em><em>sejumlah</em><em> 70 perokok aktif dengan hasil karakteristik demografis</em><em>,</em><em> yaitu (97,1) laki-laki dan (2,9) perempuan, dan awal mula masyarakat merokok yaitu pada usia 15-24</em><em> </em><em>tahun dengan pendidikan terakhir SMA sederajat. Penghasilan perokok melalui penelitian ini didapatkan sebesar Rp</em><em> </em><em>1.000.000</em><em>,00</em><em> hingga Rp</em><em> </em><em>2.000.000</em><em>,00</em><em>. </em><em>D</em><em>ari 70 perokok terdapat 40% perokok ketergantungan nikotin rendah hingga sedang, 34,3% responden memiliki ketergantungan rendah; 21,4% responden memiliki tingkat ketergantungan sedang, dan 4,3% responden memiliki tingkat ketergantungan tinggi terhadap nikotin.</em></p>
Text Message Interventions in Adolescent Mental Health and Addiction Services: Scoping Review
Authors: MacDougall Sarah , Jerrott Susan , Clark Sharon , Campbell Leslie Anne , Murphy Andrea , Wozney Lori 
Published: December 2020

Background
The vast majority of adolescent mental health and substance use disorders go undiagnosed and undertreated. SMS text messaging is increasingly used as a method to deliver adolescent health services that promote psychological well-being and aim to protect adolescents from adverse experiences and risk factors critical for their current and future mental health. To date, there has been no comprehensive synthesis of the existing literature on the extent, range, and implementation contexts of these SMS text message interventions.

Objective
The objective of this scoping review was to map and categorize gaps in the current body of peer-reviewed research around the use of SMS text messaging–based interventions for mental health and addiction services among adolescents.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted according to Levac’s adaptation of Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework for scoping reviews in six iterative stages. A search strategy was cocreated and adapted for five unique databases. Studies were screened using Covidence software. The PICO (patient, intervention, comparator, outcome) framework and input from multiple stakeholder groups were used to structure and pilot a data extraction codebook. Data were extracted on study methodology and measures, intervention design, and implementation characteristics, as well as policy, practice, and research implications.

Results
We screened 1142 abstracts. Of these, 31 articles published between 2013 and 2020 were eligible for inclusion. Intervention engagement was the most common type of outcome measured (18/31), followed by changes in cognitions (16/31; eg, disease knowledge, self-awareness) and acceptability (16/31). Interventions were typically delivered in less than 12 weeks, and adolescents received 1-3 messages per week. Bidirectional messaging was involved in 65% (20/31) of the studies. Limited descriptions of implementation features (eg, cost, policy implications, technology performance) were reported.

Conclusions
The use of SMS text messaging interventions is a rapidly expanding area of research. However, lack of large-scale controlled trials and theoretically driven intervention designs limits generalizability. Significant gaps in the literature were observed in relation to implementation considerations, cost, clinical workflow, bidirectionality of texting, and level of personalization and tailoring of the interventions. Given the growth of mobile phone–based interventions for this population, a rigorous program of large-scale, well-designed trials is urgently required.
Gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dan situasional di perpustakaan akademik
Authors: Rifauddin Machsun , Munardji Munardji , Halida Arfin Nurma , Kholis Nur 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. In academic libraries, transformational and situational leadership is important as it can change organizational behavior and increase the staff performance.There is limited discussion types of leadership. This research discusses two types of leadership and develops a framework in academic libraries of ideal leadership.
Data Collection Method. The paper used a qualitative approach and considered literature review from books, journals, and other sources related to the theme.
Data Analysis. The paper analyzed various literature, examined and selected data, developed a theoretical framework, and conceptualized the contents.
Result and Discussions. Transformational leadership in the academic library is appropriate to create a vision, however, staff commitments develop slowly. The leadership can be appropriately applied to the academic library with a few human resource as itemphasizes two-way communication to motivate staff. Meanwhile, in the situational leadership, organizational vision can be achieved when staff commitments are developed effectively. The situational leadership can be implemented in the academic libraries with large number of staff by using direct and two-way interaction, as staff motivation may increase when they are trusted.
Conclusion. The transformational and situational leadershipsare effective when applied to the proper circumstances to achieve set goals. Library leaders need to consider strengths and weaknesses of the leadership style.
Impact of socioeconomic status on presentation, treatment and outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Omar 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
To assess the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on the patterns of care and outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer.
Materials & methods:
Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results specialized SES registry has been accessed and patients with pancreatic cancer diagnosed (2000–2015) were evaluated. The following SES variables were included: employment percentage, percent of people above the poverty line, percent of people identified as working-class, educational level, median rent, median household value and median household income. Within this SES registry, patients were classified according to their census-tract SES into three groups (where group-1 represents the lowest SES category and group-3 represents the highest SES category). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the impact of SES on access to surgical resection and multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to assess the impact of SES on pancreatic cancer-specific survival. Kaplan–Meier survival estimates were also used to compare overall survival (OS) outcomes according to SES.
Results:
A total of 83,902 pancreatic cancer patients were included in the current analysis. Within multivariable logistic regression analysis among patients with a localized/regional disease, patients with lower SES were less likely to undergo surgical resection for pancreatic cancer (odds ratio: 0.719; 95% CI: 0.673–0.767; p < 0.001). Among patients with a localized/regional disease who underwent surgical resection, patients with higher SES have better OS (median OS for group-3: 20.0 vs 17.0 months for group-1; p < 0.001). Moreover, patients with lower SES have worse pancreatic cancer-specific survival compared with patients with higher SES: (hazard ratio for group-1 vs group-3: 1.212; 95% CI: 1.135–1.295; p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
Poor neighborhood SES is associated with more advanced disease at presentation, less probability of surgical resection and even poorer outcomes after surgical resection.