bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Impact of Oncology Care Model Reporting Requirements on Biomarker Testing and Treatment
Authors: Castellanos Emily H. , Orlando Abigail , Ma Xinran , Parikh Ravi B. , O’Connell Gillian , Meropol Neal J. , Hamrick James , Adamson Blythe J. S. 
Published: June 2020

PURPOSE: The Oncology Care Model (OCM) is Medicare’s first alternative payment model program for patients with cancer. As of October 2017, participating practices were required to report biomarker testing of patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). Our objective was to evaluate the effect of this OCM reporting requirement on quality of care. METHODS: We selected patients with aNSCLC receiving care in practices in a nationwide de-identified electronic health record-derived database. We used an adjusted difference-in-differences (DID) logistic regression model to compare changes in biomarker testing rates (EGFR, ROS1, and ALK) and receipt of biomarker-guided therapy between patients in OCM versus non-OCM practices, before and after OCM implementation. RESULTS: The analysis included 14,048 patients from 45 OCM practices (n = 8,151) and 105 non-OCM practices (n = 5,897). The overall unadjusted rates for biomarker testing and receipt of biomarker-guided therapy increased over the study period (2011-2018) in both OCM (55.5% v 71.6%; 89.8% v 94.6%, respectively) and non-OCM (55.2% v 69.7%; 90.1% v 95.2%, respectively) practices. In the adjusted DID model, the rates of biomarker testing (odds ratio [OR], 1.09 [95% CI, 0.88 to 1.34]; P = .45) and receipt of biomarker-guided therapy (OR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.52 to 1.45]; P = .58) were similar between OCM and non-OCM practices. CONCLUSION: OCM biomarker documentation and reporting requirements did not appear to increase the proportions of patients with aNSCLC who underwent testing or who received biomarker-guided therapy in OCM versus non-OCM practices.
Frustrated clathrin-mediated endocytosis – causes and possible functions
Authors: Baschieri Francesco , Porshneva Kseniia , Montagnac Guillaume 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the main entry route for most cell surface receptors and their ligands. It is regulated by clathrin-coated structures that are endowed with the ability to cluster receptors and to locally bend the plasma membrane, resulting in the formation of receptor-containing vesicles that bud into the cytoplasm. This canonical role of clathrin-coated structures has been shown to play a fundamental part in many different aspects of cell physiology. However, it has recently become clear that the ability of clathrin-coated structures to deform membranes can be perturbed. In addition to chemical or genetic alterations, numerous environmental conditions can physically prevent or slow down membrane bending and/or budding at clathrin-coated structures. The resulting ‘frustrated endocytosis’ is emerging as not merely a passive consequence, but one that actually fulfils some very specific and important cellular functions. In this Review, we provide an historical and defining perspective on frustrated endocytosis in the clathrin pathway of mammalian cells, before discussing its causes and highlighting the possible functional consequences in physiology and diseases.
The molecular chaperone Hsp90 regulates heterochromatin assembly through stabilizing multiple complexes in fission yeast
Authors: Sun Li , Liu Xiao-Min , Li Wen-Zhu , Yi Yuan-Yuan , He Xiangwei , Wang Yamei , Jin Quan-Wen 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, both RNAi machinery and RNAi-independent factors mediate transcriptional and posttranscriptional silencing and heterochromatin formation. Here, we show that the silencing of reporter genes at major native heterochromatic loci (centromeres, telomeres, mating-type locus and rDNA regions) and an artificially induced heterochromatin locus is alleviated in a fission yeast hsp90 mutant, hsp90-G84C. Also, H3K9me2 enrichment at heterochromatin regions, especially at the mating-type locus and subtelomeres, is compromised, suggesting heterochromatin assembly defects. We further discovered that Hsp90 is required for stabilization or assembly of the RNA-induced transcriptional silencing (RITS) and Argonaute siRNA chaperone (ARC) RNAi effector complexes, the RNAi-independent factor Fft3, the shelterin complex subunit Poz1 and the Snf2/HDAC-containing repressor complex (SHREC). Our ChIP data suggest that Hsp90 regulates the efficient recruitment of the methyltransferase/ubiquitin ligase complex CLRC by shelterin to chromosome ends and targeting of the SHREC and Fft3 to mating type locus and/or rDNA region. Finally, our genetic analyses demonstrated that increased heterochromatin spreading restores silencing at subtelomeres in the hsp90-G84C mutant. Thus, this work uncovers a conserved factor critical for promoting RNAi-dependent and -independent heterochromatin assembly and gene silencing through stabilizing multiple effectors and effector complexes.
A half-century of innovation in technology—preparing MRI for the 21st century
Authors: Börnert Peter , Norris David G. 
Published: June 2020

MRI developed during the last half-century from a very basic concept to an indispensable non-ionising medical imaging technique that has found broad application in diagnostics, therapy control and far beyond. Due to its excellent soft-tissue contrast and the huge variety of accessible tissue- and physiological-parameters, MRI is often preferred to other existing modalities. In the course of its development, MRI underwent many substantial transformations. From the beginning, starting as a proof of concept, much effort was expended to develop the appropriate basic scanning technology and methodology, and to establish the many clinical contrasts (e.g., T 1, T 2, flow, diffusion, water/fat, etc.) that MRI is famous for today. Beyond that, additional prominent innovations to the field have been parallel imaging and compressed sensing, leading to significant scanning time reductions, and the move towards higher static magnetic field strengths, which led to increased sensitivity and improved image quality. Improvements in workflow and the use of artificial intelligence are among many current trends seen in this field, paving the way for a broad use of MRI. The 125th anniversary of the BJR is a good point to reflect on all these changes and developments and to offer some slightly speculative ideas as to what the future may bring.
Analgesic efficacy of intravenous nefopam after spine surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Eiamcharoenwit Jatuporn , Chotisukarat Haruthai , Tainil Kanjana , Attanath Nalinrat , Akavipat Phuping 
Published: June 2020

Background: The incidence of moderate to severe pain is high among patients undergoing spinal surgery. Nefopam can be used as an adjuvant analgesic postoperatively after spine surgery. The study aimed to assess the analgesic efficacy and side effects of nefopam on 24-hour postoperative morphine consumption after spine surgery. Methods: The study is a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 96 patients were randomized into 4 treatment groups, 24 each. In group 1, patients received normal saline before surgical incision and before the end of surgery. In group 2, patients received 30 mg nefopam before surgical incision and normal saline before the end of surgery. In group 3, patients received normal saline before surgical incision and 30 mg of nefopam before the end of surgery. In group 4, patients received 30 mg of nefopam in both timings. Patient-controlled analgesia morphine was used for the postoperative period. Outcomes were to determine 24-hour morphine consumption and incidence of side effects. Results: Of 96 patients enrolled, 21 in placebo-placebo, 22 in nefopam-placebo, 22 in placebo-nefopam and 21 in nefopam-nefopam groups completed the study. Analysis of the Kruskal-Wallis test on the intention-to-treat basis shows no significant difference in 24-hour postoperative morphine consumption between four groups, which were 18 [IQR 13.5-29], 20 [IQR 11-28.3], 17 [IQR 11.5-28.5], 13 [IQR 8.5-18.5] mg., respectively (p = 0.223). Incidence of side effects, including tachycardia, sedation, sweating and nausea/ vomiting, did not differ. Conclusions: Adding perioperative nefopam to opioid analgesic does not improve analgesic efficacy in patients who underwent spine surgery. Registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry ID TCTR20171115001; registered on 15 November 2017.
Identifying the spatial patterning characteristics of HIV positive clients not linked to care using a geographic information system
Authors: Rombosia Kevin , Rangara Nelly , Oele Elizabeth , Kirui Nancy , Olaka Douglas , Ondura Evans , Mitto Bernard 
Published: June 2020

Background: Linkage to care is a crucial early step in successful HIV treatment. This study sought to identify the spatial patterning characteristics of HIV positive clients that are not linked to care in the Kisumu West HIV program using a geographic information system. Methods: The geocodes of HIV positive, non-linked clients’ residences were exported to ArcGIS software. The spatial patterning characteristics of HIV clients that are testing positive and not linked to care was described using Global Moran’s I statistic, which is a measure of spatial autocorrelation. Results: A total of 14,077 clients were tested for HIV. Of clients testing positive for HIV, 10% (n=34) were not yet linked to care two weeks after the diagnosis of HIV. Of the HIV positive non-linked clients, most (65%; n= 32) had spatially identifiable data about where they resided. Regarding the spatial patterning characteristics of the clients who tested HIV positive but were not linked to care and with spatially identifiable residence information, the Global Moran I statistic for autocorrelation was 0.435 (z score 1.383, p- value 0.167). Conclusion: By using age as an attribute value, the spatial distribution of clients testing HIV positive and not being linked to care is random. Geographical information systems can be used to identify the spatial patterning characteristics of HIV positive clients that are not linked to care. A key requirement to achieving this would require the collection of precise and accurate spatially identifiable locator information but without compromising patient confidentiality.
Ambient and Indoor Air Pollution in Pregnancy and the risk of Low birth weight and Ensuing Effects in Infants (APPLE): A cohort study in Bangalore, South India
Authors: Shriyan Prafulla , Babu Giridhara R , Ravi Deepa , Ana Yamuna , van Schayck Onno CP , Thankachan Prashanth , Murthy GVS 
Published: June 2020

Background: Exposure to air pollution (IAP) from the combustion of solid fuels is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Pregnant women exposed to higher pollutant levels are at higher risk of delivering a low-birth-weight (LBW) baby. There is a lack of standardized data regarding the levels and types of specific pollutants and how they impact LBW. We aim to prospectively assess the association between ambient and indoor air pollution levels in pregnancy and low birth weight and understand the subsequent risk of adiposity in these infants. Methods: We will conduct a prospective cohort study of 516 pregnant women recruited before 18 weeks of gestation in the urban slums of Bangalore, who have voluntarily consented to participate. We will estimate the level of air pollutants including particulate matter (<10 μm, <2.5 μm) and carbon monoxide (CO) parts per million (ppm) levels in both indoor and ambient environment. The follow-up of the delivered children will be done at delivery until the infant is one year old. The association between pollutants and LBW will be evaluated using logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders.Further, we will explore the mediation role of LBW in the hypothesized causal chain of air pollution and adiposity. Nested within a large cohort titled "Maternal Antecedents of Adiposity and Studying the Transgenerational role of Hyperglycemia and Insulin (MAASTHI)", we can estimate the absolute risk of having low birth weight caused by air pollution and other variables. Discussion: Understanding the association between exposures to ambient and indoor air pollution and low birth weight is essential in India. LBW babies have a higher risk of developing obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) during adulthood. The results from this study can inform the efforts for controlling the air pollution-related chronic diseases in India.
The Demotivating Effects of Communicating a Social-Political Stance: Field Experimental Evidence from an Online Labor Market Platform
Authors: Burbano Vanessa C. 
Published: June 2020

Despite a recent surge in corporate activism, with firm leaders communicating about social-political issues unrelated to their core businesses, we know little about its strategic implications. This paper examines the effect of an employer communicating a stance about a social-political issue on employee motivation, using a two-phase, preregistered field experiment in an online labor market platform. Results demonstrate an asymmetric treatment effect of taking a stance depending on whether the employee agrees or disagrees with that stance. Namely, I observe a demotivating effect of taking a stance on a social-political issue with which employees disagree and no statistically significant motivating effect of taking a stance on a social-political issue with which employees agree. This study has important implications for the nascent scholarship on corporate activism, as well as the scholarship on strategic human capital management. This paper was accepted by Greta Hsu, organizations.
Multi-line FLEET by imaging periodic masks
Authors: Zhang Yibin , Marshall Garrett , Beresh Steven J. , Richardson Daniel , Casper Katya M. 
Published: June 2020

A simple linear configuration for multi-line femtosecond laser electronic excitation tagging (FLEET) velocimetry is used for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, to image an overexpanded unsteady supersonic jet. The FLEET lines are spaced 0.5–1.0 mm apart, and up to six lines can be used simultaneously to visualize the flowfield. These lines are created using periodic masks, despite the mask blocking 25%–30% of the 10 mJ incident beam. Maps of mean single-component velocity in the direction along the principal flow axis, and turbulence intensity in that same direction, are created using multi-line FLEET, and computed velocities agree well with those obtained from single-line (traditional) FLEET. Compared to traditional FLEET, multi-line FLEET offers increased simultaneous spatial coverage and the ability to produce spatial correlations in the streamwise direction. This FLEET permutation is especially well suited for short-duration test facilities.
2.05  µm chirped pulse amplification system at a 1  kHz repetition rate—2.4  ps pulses with 17  GW peak power
Authors: von Grafenstein Lorenz , Bock Martin , Ueberschaer Dennis , Koç Azize , Griebner Uwe , Elsaesser Thomas 
Published: June 2020

Ho-doped yttrium lithium fluoride chirped pulse amplification (CPA) is
implemented with a high-gain regenerative amplifier (RA) and a
two-stage booster amplifier. We demonstrate the generation of 52.5 mJ
pulses with a duration of 2.4 ps at a 1 kHz repetition rate. A peak
power of 17 GW is achieved for the 2050 nm pulses. The CPA displays a
remarkably high stability with a pulse-to-pulse rms as low as 0.23%.
The RA operates without any signs of bifurcation and delivers 12 mJ
pulses. Seeding the booster amplifier with the RA output scales the
pulse energy linearly up into the 50–60 mJ range. The amplifier system
is operated at room temperature and shows a high optical-to-optical
efficiency of 20.3% with respect to the optical pump power.
Experimental demonstration of mid-IR absorption enhancement in single layer CVD graphene
Authors: Nematpour Abedin , Lisi Nicola , Chierchia Rosa , Grilli Maria Luisa 
Published: June 2020

Mid-IR absorption of single layer graphene (SLG) was simulated and experimentally demonstrated by embedding a SLG grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) inside a Fabry–Perot (FP) filter made by alternating quarter wave Si and

S
i

O

2

layers fabricated by radiofrequency sputtering. The absorption from the graphene layer was modeled by using COMSOL Multiphysics in four different configurations, depending on its position inside the filter, an asymmetric FP made of two different dielectric mirrors separated by a cavity. In the first three configurations, graphene was inserted at the center of the optical cavity and inside the top or bottom dielectric mirror forming the FP. The fourth configuration involves two layers of graphene, each positioned inside one of the dielectric mirrors. The calculated electric field distribution inside the FP shows two symmetric maxima just above and below the cavity, i.e., inside the mirrors, while the electric field at the center of the cavity is negligible. For the experimental demonstration, the graphene geometry corresponding to the maximum electric field intensity was chosen, and, between two equivalent alternatives, the one with the easiest fabrication procedure was selected. Results demonstrate a maximum experimental absorption of 50% at 4342 nm for SLG when inserted in the top mirror of the FP, in excellent agreement with the simulated value of 53%.
Pulse-width-induced polarization enhancement of optically pumped N-V electron spin in diamond
Authors: Song Yumeng , Tian Yu , Hu Zhiyi , Zhou Feifei , Xing Tengteng , Lu Dawei , Chen Bing , Wang Ya , Xu Nanyang , Du Jiangfeng 
Published: June 2020

The nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) center in diamond is a widely used platform for quantum information processing and sensing. The electron-spin state of the N-V center could be initialized, read out optically, and manipulated by resonate microwave fields. In this work, we analyze the dependence of electron-spin initialization on widths of laser pulses. We build a numerical model to simulate this process and to verify the simulation results in experiments. Both simulations and experiments reveal that shorter laser pulses are helpful to the electron-spin polarization. We therefore propose to use extremely short laser pulses for electron-spin initialization. In this new scheme, the spin-state contrast could be improved about 10% in experiments by using laser pulses as short as 4 ns in width. Furthermore, we provide a mechanism to explain this effect, which is due to the occupation time in the meta-stable spin-singlet states of the N-V center. Our new scheme is applicable in a broad range of N-V-based applications in the future.
Lipase Elevation in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: McNabb-Baltar Julia , Jin David X. , Grover Amit S. , Redd Walker D. , Zhou Joyce C. , Hathorn Kelly E. , McCarty Thomas R. , Bazarbashi Ahmad N. , Shen Lin , Chan Walter W. 
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Although coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been associated with gastrointestinal manifestations, its effect on the pancreas remains unclear. We aimed to assess the frequency and characteristics of hyperlipasemia in patients with COVID-19.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients across 6 US centers with COVID-19.

RESULTS:
Of 71 patients, 9 (12.1%) developed hyperlipasemia, with 2 (2.8%) greater than 3 times upper limit of normal. No patient developed acute pancreatitis. Hyperlipasemia was not associated with poor outcomes or symptoms.

DISCUSSION:
Although a mild elevation in serum lipase was observed in some patients with COVID-19, clinical acute pancreatitis was not seen.
La teoría evolutiva como solución al control de formación
Authors: Guzmán Hernández Sandra Milena , Mojica-Nava Eduardo 
Published: June 2020

Se presenta un control de formación para múltiples Vehículos Submarinos Autónomos con estructura de tipo líder-seguidor. El controlador se modela como un sistema multi-agente representado por un dígrafo compuesto por vértices y artistas que simbolizan los agentes (vehículos) y el sistema de comunicación, respectivamente. Se empleó la matriz Laplaciana compleja del dígrafo, para calcular la formación geométrica y enseguida se evalúa la respuesta de consenso de la formación utilizando la teoría evolutiva dinámica del replicador mutador. Finalmente, se integran las dos respuestas y se calcula la posición de cada agente seguidor. Las simulaciones muestran que combinando estas dos teorías se puede garantizar una perfecta formación geométrica en todo momento y que se pueden emplear un sinnúmero de agentes en la estructura.
Prototipos electrónicos en el desarrollo de pensamientos formales
Authors: Vergel Ortega Mawency , Rincón Leal Olga Lucy , Jaimes Contreras Luis Alberto 
Published: June 2020

El artículo presenta los resultados de la investigación, realizada en la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander de la ciudad de Cúcuta – Colombia- durante el II-2014 y I 2015, que comparó dos métodos de enseñanza, a través de un grupo prueba donde estudiantes de ecuaciones diferenciales desarrollan prototipos para determinar y analizar modelos matemáticos, y un grupo control que recibió clases sin el desarrollo de los prototipos. Su objeto fue determinar la influencia del uso de prototipos electrónicos en el rendimiento académico y desarrollo del pensamiento matemático de estudiantes de ecuaciones diferenciales en ingeniería. A través de un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo campo, entrevista, diario de observación y test de desarrollo del pensamiento matemático analizada a través de técnica Fuzzy como instrumentos junto a resultados en evaluaciones, permitieron observar mejora en el desarrollo del pensamiento matemático de los estudiantes, y percepción positiva hacia las ecuaciones diferenciales.
Tic en gestión de la cadena de suministro bogotana
Authors: Lemus Pinto Alix Catalina , Garzón Sogamoso Camilo Andrés , Tarazona Bermúdez Giovanny Mauricio 
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo busca identificar la utilización de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicaciones (TIC’s) en la cadena de suministro, y su nivel de aplicación en la industria Bogotana a través de una base conceptual y un análisis a diferentes empresas situadas en la ciudad. Este estudio comienza por una revisión general de las TICs arrojando una comparación entre las tecnologías existentes con respecto a las características, ventajas y desventajas al usarlas. El segundo segmento de la investigación posee una parte práctica basada en el desarrollo de encuestas a compañías ubicadas en la ciudad de Bogotá (Colombia), las cuales permiten visualizar los diferentes obstáculos al implementar dichas tecnologías, sus ventajas y las oportunidades de uso que estas poseen. El estudio encuentra que en conjunto el uso de las TICs actualmente es mayor en Bogotá e indica que al utilizar estas herramientas la organización consigue beneficios, generando un valor agregado significativo.
Inspección no invasiva de Physalis peruviana usando técnicas (Vir/Nir)
Authors: González Camilo , Zarama Daniel , González B Sergio R. , Mondragón B Iván F. , Moreno Manuel 
Published: June 2020

Este artículo plantea el desarrollo de una arquitectura flexible que permite la clasificación de la fruta Physalis peruviana (uchuvas) empleando un sistema de visión por computador, basado en imágenes en el espacio Visible e Infrarrojo cercano (VIS/NIR). Para el desarrollo se establece un modelo que facilita el control de calidad para la comercialización y exportación de la fruta en Colombia, la Uchuva. La solución consiste de un sistema de clasificación en tiempo real de la fruta, implementando tecnologías de automatización industrial y procesamiento de imágenes del espacio visible e infrarojo. Para la validación se propone un análisis mediante la correlación entre tecnologías en el campo de visión artificial con sus beneficios en la automatización de procesos, contra métodos tradicionales en la inspección de calidad de la fruta. Por último se presenta el desarrollo de un modelo el cual implementa un algoritmo de clasificación asociando un impacto directo en los costos correspondientes al proceso actual.