bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Segmental Femoral Ostectomy for the Reconstruction of Femoropatellar Joint in Dogs with Grade IV Medial Patellar Luxation
Authors: Nagahiro Yukari , Murakami Sawako , Kamijo Keiji , Shimada Masakazu , Kanno Nobuo , Suzuki Shuji , Harada Yasuji , Hara Yasushi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to describe a new surgical method of segmental femoral ostectomy for the reconstruction of the femoropatellar joint (FPJ) in dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL) grade IV.Study Design The medical records of six dogs that underwent segmental femoral ostectomy to reconstruct the FPJ for MPL grade IV were retrospectively reviewed. The data included breed, age, body weight, comorbidities, history of orthopaedic abnormalities, pre- and postoperative radiographic findings, morphological indicators measured on three-dimensional computed tomographic multiplanar reconstruction images, surgical methods and postoperative complications.Outcomes Eleven hindlimbs with MPL grade IV in six dogs underwent segmental femoral ostectomy to reconstruct the FPJ with the four basic surgical procedures. Six stifle joints with femoral varus deformity were treated by closing wedge ostectomy and segmental ostectomy, while five stifle joints were treated by segmental ostectomy alone. The mean resected femoral length was 11.7 mm. The mean resected femoral length relative to the preoperative femoral length was 14.3%. The stability and congruity of the FPJ was markedly improved, with an increased range of motion in all dogs compared with their preoperative status.Conclusion Segmental femoral ostectomy was a useful treatment method for MPL grade IV with shortened quadriceps muscle length relative to the femoral length. Reconstruction of the FPJ is important for recovery of limb function.
Endoscopic Adipofascial Radial Forearm Free Flap Reconstruction of the Skull Base: A Technical Update
Authors: Pipkorn Patrik , Lee Jake J. , Zenga Joseph , Chicoine Michael R. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective While most defects after endoscopic endonasal resections can be closed with local or locoregional options, rare cases require free tissue transfer. In this setting, while minimally invasive techniques have been described, the essential procedural details are lacking. The objective of this report is to describe several key technical modifications to free flap harvest and endoscopic-assisted inset which decrease morbidity and improve reliability and efficiency.
Methods A retrospective chart review was performed of consecutive patients treated at Washington University in St. Louis with endoscopic free flap reconstruction through a Caldwell–Luc/transbuccal approach between January 2016 and September 2019.
Results A total of six patients underwent adipofascial radial forearm free flap with this technique, five for recalcitrant cerebrospinal fluid leak or pneumocephalus and one for osteoradionecrosis. All flaps survived and there were no flap-related complications. Five patients (83%) achieved successful healing and separation of the sinonasal cavity and intracranial space. One patient developed recurrent pneumocephalus. Three key technical modifications were identified that improve efficiency and reliability of flap delivery and inset: (1) use of an adipofascial radial forearm flap, without skin paddle; (2) wide resection of the anterior and lateral maxillary face to facilitate flap delivery; and (3) precise defect measurement and flap contouring prior to inset to prevent any need to debulk the flap in situ.
Conclusion Endoscopic adipofascial radial forearm free flap delivered to the skull base through a Caldwell–Luc/transbuccal corridor is a feasible option with a high success rate and low morbidity when other reconstructive attempts have failed.
Transvenous Onyx Embolization of Carotid-Cavernous Fistulas: Mid- and Long-Term Outcomes
Authors: Beer-Furlan André , Joshi Krishna C. , Brahimaj Bledi , Lopes Demetrius K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective Endovascular treatment of carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) has been consistently shown to give excellent results and is currently the mainstay of treatment of these complex vascular pathologies. Onyx is currently the most widely used agent, but there has been concern over high rates of cranial nerve (CN) deficits seen in patients with CCF treated with Onyx and paucity of data on long-term outcomes.
Methods This is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent transvenous Onyx embolization between 2011 and 2018. The data collected included demographics, comorbidities, presenting symptoms, CCF morphology, degree of obliteration, procedure-related complications, clinical outcomes, and follow-up.
Results A total of seven patients (five females) were included. The median age was 66 years (range: 15–79 years). Median duration of symptoms before treatment was 4 weeks (range: 1–24 weeks). There were three direct and four indirect CCFs. Barrow classification is as follows: A-3; B-3; C-0; and D-1. Immediate complete occlusion was achieved in all cases. There was also one case of immediate postoperative change in CN function (new partial CN VI deficit) that resolved completely at 1-month follow-up. The mean length of stay was 3 days (±2). The preoperative extraocular movement CN deficits had the following outcomes: three resolved; two improved; and one persisted. Proptosis, chemosis, conjunctival injection, and tinnitus were resolved in all patients. The median follow-up was 34 months (range: 10–91 months).
Conclusion Transvenous Onyx embolization is a safe and effective treatment of CCFs when technical aspects to reduce complications are performed diligently. Our technique demonstrates safety of the Onyx as a stand-alone embolization for the treatment of CCF.
Distinct activities of Scrib module proteins organize epithelial polarity
Authors: Khoury Mark J. , Bilder David 
Published: May 2020

Significance
To enable their physiological functions, cells must polarize their plasma membrane. In many epithelia, polarity is regulated by balanced activity of the apical Par complex and basolateral Scribble module. While the former is understood in molecular detail, little is known about how the latter works. We identify distinct functions of the three Scribble module proteins, separating independent roles in a localization hierarchy from cooperative roles in apical polarity antagonism, and showing that they are not together sufficient to specify basolateral identity. This work establishes an essential basis for a mechanistic understanding of this core polarity machinery that controls processes ranging from stem cell divisions to organ morphogenesis across animal species.
Knowledge transfer in the Soviet Union from the perspective of visual
culture
Authors: Hofeneder Philipp 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In a broad definition, translation
encompasses the mediation of knowledge between (as well as within) different
systems. An important but hitherto largely neglected aspect in this respect are
illustrations. This chapter examines the role of illustrations in the transfer of
knowledge, taking as a case study Istoriia, an encyclopaedia
written in Ukrainian and translated into Russian. I argue that it is not only the
content of an illustration itself, but also its immediate surroundings, which play
a key role in the way we construct interpretative patterns.
The Leviathan and the woods
Authors: Avxentevskaya Maria 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The formidable pace of reforms conducted by
Peter I of Russia (1672–1725) caused a genuine struggle to construct an
administrative language that would facilitate the sovereign power and collective
actions. Peter’s politics of neologisms shaped national and cultural identity, and
induced pedagogical and institutional discussions. My chapter examines how the
state-supported procedures of translation helped build the legal frameworks of early
Russian environmentalism. Translation is considered here as the process of
translating legislation about forestry matters from German into Russian, but also as
a transformation of practical knowledge about forestry according to foreign
patterns. I argue that both processes could be analysed as a complex multifarious
translation of texts and practices, and examine their role in administering the
environmental policies of the early Russian Empire.
What triggers 'imāla
Authors: Abo Mokh Noor , Davis Stuart 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

'imāla is a term used to describe the raising
of the low vowel /a/ to [e] or [i], a feature of several Arabic dialects, including
Levantine varieties where conditional raising occurs. This paper discusses various
issues related to final 'imāla focusing on a Palestinian dialect.
Final 'imāla typically affects the feminine marker suffix /-a/ in
nouns and adjectives (the equivalent of tā
marbūtˤa in Standard Arabic). Some of the issues to be
discussed concern consonants that block 'imāla and their
phonological features, the exceptional classes of colors and mental/physical
challenges, and the lack of 'imāla to loanwords. One important
observation is that short nouns whose consonantal roots start with a /w/, such as
[sʕif-a] ‘characteristic’ and [hib-a] ‘gift’, systematically fail to
undergo 'imāla. Phonological analyses will be given.
Consolidation of Prosecutor Offices
Authors: Detotto Claudio , McCannon Bryan C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe investigate the impact of the consolidation of local agencies publicly providing services, focusing on the prosecution of crime. In many states in the United States, prosecution is a county office with a head prosecutor directing decisions. Other states merge counties into prosecutorial districts. We show that, along with the cost savings that arises, the evidence suggests that prosecutorial services benefit from increasing returns to scale. The efficiency of prosecutorial output is higher in consolidated districts. Further, we show that it is not owing to differing outcomes of the criminal justice system but to fewer inputs used.
TriB-RT: Simultaneous optimization of photon, electron and proton beams
Authors: Kueng R , Mueller S , Loebner H A , Frei D , Volken W , Aebersold D M , Stampanoni M F M , Fix M K , Manser P 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Purpose. To develop a novel treatment planning process (TPP) with simultaneous optimization of modulated photon, electron and proton beams for improved treatment plan quality in radiotherapy. Methods. A framework for fluence map optimization of Monte Carlo (MC) calculated beamlet dose distributions is developed to generate treatment plans consisting of photon, electron and spot scanning proton fields. Initially, in-house intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans are compared to proton plans created by a commercial treatment planning system (TPS). A triple beam radiotherapy (TriB-RT) plan is generated for an exemplary academic case and the dose contributions of the three particle types are investigated. To investigate the dosimetric potential, a TriB-RT plan is compared to an in-house IMPT plan for two clinically motivated cases. Benefits of TriB-RT for a fixed proton beam line with a single proton field are investigated. Results. In-house optimized IMPT are of at least equal or better quality than TPS-generated proton plans, and MC-based optimization shows dosimetric advantages for inhomogeneous situations. Concerning TriB-RT, for the academic case, the resulting plan shows substantial contribution of all particle types. For the clinically motivated case, improved sparing of organs at risk close to the target volume is achieved compared to IMPT (e.g. myelon and brainstem

D

m
a
x

−37%) at cost of an increased low dose bath (healthy tissue V
10% +22%). In the scenario of a fixed proton beam line, TriB-RT plans are able to compensate the loss in degrees of freedom to substantially improve plan quality compared to a single field proton plan. Conclusion. A novel TPP which simultaneously optimizes photon, electron and proton beams was successfully developed. TriB-RT shows the potential for improved treatment plan quality and is especially promising for cost-effective single-room proton solutions with a fixed beamline in combination with a conventional linac delivering photon and electron fields.
The effect of persistent U-shaped patterns in RR night-time series on the heart rate variability complexity in healthy humans
Authors: Soliński Mateusz , Kuklik Paweł , Gierałtowski Jan , Baranowski Rafał , Graff Beata , Żebrowski Jan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective: U-shaped patterns, characteristic periods of time observed in tachograms, are a specific subgroup among very low frequency components characterized by relatively short periods of smooth accelerations followed by decelerations of heart rhythm. In this study, we characterize this phenomenon and its effect on heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Approach: We calculated linear (the mean and standard deviation of RR intervals, RMSSD, pNN50 and the power of the frequency components) and nonlinear (V0, V1 and V2 Porta’s symbolic analysis, Shannon and Sample entropy, Guzik’s and Porta’s asymmetry indexes, the exponents α1 and α2 of detrended fluctuation analysis and the Hurst surface h(q,s) of multiscale multifractal analysis (MMA)) HRV parameters for 65 RR interval night-time series (39 females, 37.5(11.3) years old and 26 males, 41.7(16.5) years old; all without organic heart diseases). All parameters were calculated for original data and for the three kinds of test data in which the following parts of the time series were replaced by 1/f noise: (A) the U-shape patterns annotated in a given data set, (B) randomly chosen windows of similar size as the U-shaped patterns, (C) acceleration-deceleration events shorter than U-shaped patterns. Main results: We found that the U-shaped patterns, as the most persistent structures in RR night-time intervals series, affect the long-range correlation properties (measured by α2). We also found that the U-shaped patterns importantly strictly affect the shape of h(q,s) surface at different scales s. Removing the U-shaped patterns results in the shape of the h(q,s) surface losing the properties characteristic for healthy heart rhythm. The largest quantitative effect of U-shaped patterns was obtained for the power of the VLF component. The mean percentage difference of the VLF component between the original data and the A to C type test data were 19.4%, −4.3% and 5.3%, respectively. Significance: Although percentage contribution of U-shaped patterns is small compared to the whole night-time series (on the average 3.1%(1.7%) with a standard deviation of 1.7%), these patterns have a considerable impact on the HRV parameters describing the VLF, persistency, nonlinear correlations and multifractal properties.
Wetland Protection Strategy Based on “Source-Stream-Convergence” Theory-with Weishan Lake Ecological Tourism as An Example
Authors: Shi Feng , Pan Xue 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Policies on the development of countryside, towns, ecological system, regional tourism and canals are frequently issued these days. Weishan Lake should seize this opportunity to develop itself by coordinating ecology, industry and tourism for the integrated development of its urban and rural areas. From 1984 to 2018, the east of Dushan Lake Basin was suffering from the shrinkage of water area, lake filling for fields and ponds, rapid expansion of urbanization, and pollution caused by the direct pouring of sewage and agricultural waste water into the lake. A number of factors lead to the mounting pressure over the environment of Dushan Lake, which requires scientific planning and land use layout based on elements such as natural limits, economic efficiency and ecological protection to carry out land adaptability analysis and provide a reference for scientific and reasonable project layout while building up an ecological protective barrier to ensure the safety of the water quality.
Effects of intercropping with post-grafting generation of Cosmos sulphureus on physiological and growth of grape seedling under cadmium stress
Authors: Wang Xun , Xu Xiangting , Xiao Yunying , Wei Xiaohan , Wang Yan , Liao Ming’an 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of intercropping with post-grafting generation of Cosmos sulphureus on physiological growth of grape seedlings under cadmium stress by determining the biomass, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the soluble protein and sugar content. All in all, these results illustrated that intercropping with post-grafting generation of C. sulphureus increased the biomass, photosynthetic pigment and osmotic substance content and also enhance the antioxidant enzyme activities compared to the grape seedlings monoculture, especially intercropping with post-grafting generation of C. sulphureus of self-rooted grafting by two different development stages of plant seedling. Thus, intercropping with post-grafting generation of C. sulphureus played an important role in grape seedlings restoration even under cadmium stress and also provided theoretical basis for other plant restoration.
Possible Measurement to Coral Bleaching from the Perspective of Climate Change——Taking South China Sea as an Example
Authors: Liu Junzhe 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The overall objective of this paper is to discuss possible solutions to the global coral bleaching events induced by climate change. To make detailed demonstration, this paper take South China Sea(SCS) area as an instance. Graphs and information are acquired by using Matlab based on data from NOAA-CRW program. The conclusion of this paper is to raise three measurements,which are on-time heat stress watching with quick action in small rage, directional evolution by genetic modification, and transplant of the coral-based ecosystem to Refuge.
Effects of intercropping with reciprocal hybridization F1 generation of Solanum photeinocarpum on growth and physiology of Cyphomandra betacea seedlings
Authors: Xiao Yunying , Ao Qiaoman , Zhu Ying , Zhao Yan , Zhang Ran , Liao Ming’an 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
To study the effects of positive and negative hybridization F1 generation of two ecotypes (mining and farmland) of hyperaccumulator plants on the growth and the fruit quality safety of Cyphomandra betacea under cadmium stress. In this experiment, C. betacea seedlings were used as research materials, intercropping S. photeinocarpum of parents and positive and negative hybridization F1 generation with C. betacea seedlings, study the effects intercropping with S. photeinocarpum on growth and physiology of C. betacea seedlings. The biomass, photosynthetic pigments content, soluble protein content and antioxidant enzymes activity of intercropping treatments were all lower than monoculture, the above shows that in the physical growth and resistance of C. betacea seedlings intercropping with S. photeinocarpum were all showed the intercropping disadvantage, especially the worst growth C. betacea seedlings was intercropping with S. photeinocarpum positive hybridization F1 generation.
Effects of Garbage Enzyme on the Heavy Metal Contents and the Growth of Castor under Mine Tailing
Authors: Zhu Guangxu , Cheng Dandan , Liu Xixi , Nie Ping , Zuo Renhui , Zhang Hui , Wang Xingfeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Pot experiment was performed to study the effect of garbage enzyme from the peel dregs of kiwifruit and Rosa roxburghii on the growth of castor and the contents of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) in the aerial part. The results indicated that the addition of two kinds of garbage enzyme with different concentrations was beneficial to the growth of castor, and the biomass of castor could be increased by up to 80%. High-concentration of Rosa roxburghii enzyme inhibited the absorption of heavy metals by castor, low-concentration of Rosa roxburghii enzyme showed a promotion effect; while high-concentration of kiwifruit enzyme increased the content of heavy metals in the aerial part of castor, low-concentration of kiwifruit enzyme showed inhibition, with a maximum decrease of 21% ∼ 42%. The results showed that kiwifruit enzyme with 1:800 diluted concentration could promote the growth of castor, and had the best inhibition effect on heavy metal absorption of castor.
Research on Environmental Performance Responsibility and Governance Countermeasures of Chinese Enterprises
Authors: Guo Jianchao , Deng Zehong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In recent years, corporate environmental protection issues have become increasingly prominent. In order to study the performance of environmental protection responsibilities of Chinese enterprises, and analyze the existing problems, the author collected a large amount of corporate environmental protection data from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China and the National Bureau of Statistics, and downloaded the 2018 annual social responsibility reports published by 200 enterprises for empirical research. The analysis shows that the overall development trend of environmental protection in Chinese enterprises is good, but there are still many problems, especially the urgent need to improve the ability of environmental governance, the unwillingness of enterprises to invest in environmental protection, the lack of transparency of environmental information, and the imperfection of internal environmental protection and Governance system. The author gives relevant suggestions from three aspects: strengthening the construction of laws and systems related to environmental protection of enterprises, improving the internal environmental protection governance system, and strengthening supervision of corporate environmental responsibility.
Application of horizontal well multi-cluster network fracturing in tight reservoir
Authors: Yunpeng Jia , Rui Liu , Ye Xiufeng , Yu Bin , Tian Fuchun , Zhao Yudong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
GD14H, a horizontal well drilled in tight reservoir of Dagang Oilfield, reveals complex lithology, large burial depth, and poor physical properties. In order to improve its fracturing performance, a new technique of multi-cluster network fracturing was adopted based on a series of optimized multi-cluster perforation parameters and fracturing treatment parameters, and the 15-cluster fracturing was determined. Field test has demonstrated outstanding stimulation results. Moreover, the horizontal well fractures monitoring via the stable electric field/potential method shows that the measured results match well with the results of physical model for GD14H. The successful application of this technique in Dagang Oilfield implies a great breakthrough in the fracturing of tight oil horizontal wells in Dagang Oilfield, and lays a valuable foundation for stimulation of other similar tight oil and gas reservoirs.