bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Undernutrition among Children under Five Years of Age in Ethiopia
Authors: Kassie Gashu Workneh , Workie Demeke Lakew 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Child undernutrition is still a persistent health problem in developing country like Ethiopia. Several cross-sectional studies have used the three anthropometric indicators separately to identify the factors associated to undernutrition of children. This study aimed at identifying the factors associated with undernutrition of children using a single composite index of anthropometric indicators.
Methods: Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey of 2016 was used for the analysis. A single composite index of undernutrition indicators was created using principal component analysis and recode into ordinal outcome. For this ordinal outcome, partial proportional odds model was fitted to identify significant determinants of undernutrition and its relative performance was compared with some other ordinal regression models.
Results and conclusion: The Brant test of proportional odds model indicated that the null hypothesis that states the model parameters are equal across categories was rejected. Based on Akaike information criterion, partial proportional odds model suggested an improved fit compared to ordinal regression models that do not need parallel regression assumption. Hence, the fitted partial proportional odds model revealed child’s age, maternal education, region, source of drinking water, number of children under five years, wealth index, anemic status of child, multiple birth, child’s sex, fever, mother’s age at birth, body mass index of mother and husband’s education were significantly associated with children undernutrition. Finally, authors recommend that responsible bodies take interventions on improving household wealth index and food security, educating mothers and their partners, improving maternal nutritional status, and increase access to health care
Keywords: Stunting; underweight; wasting; partial proportional odds model
High common childhood illnesses while treatment seeking behavior of mothers’/care givers’ was low at rural northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Zemene Tigabu , Gelaye Kassahun Alemu , Merid Mehari Woldemariam , Akalu Temesgen Yihunie , Amare Ashenafi Tazebew , Toni Alemayehu Teklu , Bikis Gashaw Andargie , Ayele Tadesse Awoke 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: In most developing countries, childhood illness and deaths are among the most challenging health issues. Most of these deaths were due to preventable causes including acute respiratory infections (ARI), diarrhea, and febrile illnesses. Thus, identification of determinants of these childhood disease illness would help to guide strategic planning, and prioritize interventions. Method: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted. Two stage cluster sampling technique was used to select kebeles and then households. A total of 2,158 mothers/care givers with at least one under-five child were included. Mothers/care-givers were interviewed at their homes using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) for variables with P-value <0.05 in the multivariable model were reported to show significance and direction of association<0.05 in the multivariable model were reported to show significance and direction of association. Result: The overall prevalence of childhood illnesses was 16.5% (95% CI: 15.0, 18.2). The treatment seeking behavior of the mothers/caregivers was 22.8% (95% CI: 18.7, 27.4). Of the illnesses, 6.5% (95% CI: 5.5, 6.72) were diarrhea, 7.5% (95% CI: 6.5, 8.76) were ARI, and 12.0% (95% CI: 10.66, 13.40) were fever. Mothers’ age 40 years and above (AOR=0.35; 95%CI: 0.16, 0.76), mothers’ occupation (AOR=2.28; 95%CI: 1.84, 4.39), distance from nearest health center (AOR=1.02; 95%CI: 1.01, 1.03), and presence of three or more under-five children in the house (AOR=2.59; 95%CI: 1.03, 5.76) were predictors of childhood illness. Conclusion: In this study, the common childhood illness remains high while treatment seeking behavior of the mothers’/care givers’ was so low. Mothers’ age and occupation, distance from nearest health center, and presence of three or more under-five children in the house were independent determinants of childhood illness. Thus, addressing significant determinants and enhancing mothers’/care givers health seeking behavior would help in reducing morbidity and mortality of under-five children with common childhood illness. Key word: Childhood illness, determinants, rural, health seeking behavior, Ethiopia
Adding dexmedetomidine to morphine-based analgesia reduces early postoperative nausea in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Huai Jin , Liu Shan , Geng Zhiyu , Li Xue Ying 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose: Few studies have investigated the effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients following gynecological laparoscopic surgery. We investigated if adding dexmedetomidine to a morphine-based patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) could reduce the incidence of PONV in this patient population. Methods: In this double-blind randomized-controlled trial,122 patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopic surgery were randomly allocated to receive either a mixture of dexmedetomidine 1μg ml-1 and morphine 0.5mg ml-1 (Group Dex) or morphine 0.5mg ml-1 alone (Group Ctrl) for postoperative i.v. PCA. PCA pump was programmed as followed: bolus dose 2ml, lockout interval 8 minutes and background infusion at a rate of 1ml h-1. The primary outcome was the incidence of nausea and vomiting within 24 hours after operation. Results: The incidence of nausea and total PONV during the first 2h period was significantly lower in the Group Dex than in the Group Ctrl (10% vs 25%, P=0.031 and 0.031, respectively). There were no significant differences in regard to the total incidence of PONV (41% vs 52%, P=0.204), PONV score, time to first onset of PONV, or the need for rescue antiemetics in the first 24 hr following surgery between the two groups. Conclusions: For female patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery, adding dexmedetomidine to morphine-based PCA reduced the incidence of early postoperative nausea but not total PONV within 24h after surgery.
Attention/Memory Complaint is Correlated with Motor Speech Disorder in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Liu Ying , Gui Yuchang , Hu Jincui , Liang Shanshan , Mo Sixia , Zhou Yuanfang , Li Yujian , Zhou Fengkun , Xu Jianwen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background The mechanisms underlying the online modulation of motor speech in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have not been determined. Moreover, medical and rehabilitation interventions for PD-associated motor speech disorder (MSD) have a poor long-term prognosis.Methods To compare risk factors in PD patients with MSD to those without MSD (non-MSD) and determine predictive independent risk factors correlated with the MSD phenotype, we enrolled 314 PD patients, including 250 with and 64 without MSD. We compared demographic, characteristic data, as well as PD-associated evaluations between the MSD group and non-MSD group.Results Univariate analysis showed that demographic characteristics, including occupation, educational level, monthly income and speaking background; clinical characteristics, including lesions in the frontal and temporal lobes, and concurrent dysphagia; and PD-associated evaluations, including the activity of daily living (ADL) score, non-motor symptoms scale (NMSS) domain 4 score (perceptual problem), and NMSS domain 5 score (attention/memory) were all significantly different between the MSD and non-MSD group (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that educational level, frontal lesions, and NMSS domain 5 score (attention/memory) were independent risk factors for PD-associated MSD (all P < 0.005).Conclusions We determined an association between MSD phenotype and cognitive impairment, reflected by low-level education and related clinical profiles. Moreover, attention and memory dysfunction may play key roles in the progression of MSD in PD patients. Further studies are required to detail the mechanism underlying abnormal speech motor modulation in PD patients. Early cognitive intervention may enhance rehabilitation management and motor speech function in patients with PD-associated MSD.
Acceptance of long-term care from intelligent robots: a study of attitudes among the elderly in China
Authors: Zhang Zehao , Zhang Sifeng , Xie Linling 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background China has the world's largest elderly population, as well as the largest population of disabled elderly. Existing literature shows that there have been increased efforts to develop intelligent robots to address the shortage of caregivers for the elderly. However, there has been little research on elders’ acceptance of care from intelligent robots. Aims The purpose of this study was to examine the acceptance of intelligent robots among disabled elderly in need of long-term care. Methods We used structured questionnaire and interview methods during a social survey. In total, 3060 questionnaires and 50 interviews were collected. Results An overwhelming majority of the 3060 participants (79.39%) indicated that they would reject robot care. Discussion In further research, should consider more about the background of interviewees, the influence of the economy and social development across different regions, and distinguish the impact of each type of basic information on the acceptance of intelligent machines by the elderly. Conclusions Most elderly adults were reluctant to allow robots to provide services that involved physical contact. Therefore, the development and design of robots should consider elderly individuals’ attitudes toward non-human services, in addition to broadening the scope of activities that intelligent robots could cover, and providing intelligent tools and products that the elderly would be more likely to gradually accept.
Grafting vegetables for mitigating environmental stresses under climate change: a review
Authors: Singh Hira , Sethi Sorabh , Kaushik Prashant , Fulford Anthony 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVegetables are a cornerstone of the human diet, and the importance of vegetables for human health and nutrition cannot be understated. Vegetables are susceptible to a number of biotic and abiotic stressors along with the cumulative pressure of climate change. Climate change is a major driver of the abiotic stress in modern-day vegetable production. Vegetable cropping systems must be resilient to climate change, so that production practices can achieve economic profitability and environmental sustainability. Environmental stressors, such as flooding, drought, and extreme temperatures, pose a severe threat to vegetable crop production, and total crop failures are common. Vegetable grafting, a plant surgical technique that is eco-friendly, rapid, and efficient, is currently the best alternative approach to climate change-resilient plant production that addresses these abiotic stressors. In this review, we document the success of this plant propagation technique using a review of vegetable grafting research results published in the scientific literature.
Higher Atazanavir Plasma Exposure in Rats is Associated with Gut Microbiota Changes Induced by Cotrimoxazole
Authors: Basilua Joe Miantezila , Sawoo Olivier , Mangin Irène , Dossou-Yovo Flore , Boussard Aline , Chevillard Lucie , Lutete Gaston T. , Eto Bruno , Peytavin Gilles , Pochart Philippe 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Cotrimoxazole (TMP-SMX) is concomitantly used as a primary prophylaxis of opportunistic
infections with antiretroviral agents, such as Atazanavir (ATV). Results from an ex vivo study showed changes in
intestinal absorption of ATV when rats were pretreated with TMP-SMX. The objective of this in vivo study is to
determine the effect of TMP-SMX on the pharmacokinetics of ATV in rats. We also studied changes in gut microbiota
induced by TMP-SMX.

Methods:
We used the non-compartment analysis to compare the pharmacokinetics of ATV in a parallel group of
rats treated with a low or therapeutic dose of TMP-SMX for nine days to untreated control rats. Gut microbiota was
characterized using qPCR and High Throughput Sequencing of 16S rDNA.

Results:
Rats treated with TMP-SMX showed a much broader exposure to ATV compared to the control group
(AUC0-8h (ng.mL-1.h), 25975.9±4048.7 versus 2587.6±546.9, p=0.001). The main observation regarding the gut microbiota
was a lower proportion of enterobacteria related to the administration of TMP-SMX. Moreover, the Total
Gastrointestinal Transit Time (TGTT) was longer in the TMP-SMX treated group.

Conclusion:
Concomitant administration of TMP-SMX and ATV significantly increased ATV exposure in rats. This
increase could be the result of a prolonged TGTT leading to an increase in the intestinal residence time of ATV favoring
its absorption. Gut microbiota changes induced by TMP-SMX could be at the origin of this prolonged TGTT.
If demonstrated in humans, this potential interaction could be accompanied by an increase in the adverse effects of
ATV.
circEPSTI1 Acts as a ceRNA to Regulate the Progression of Osteosarcoma
Authors: Tan Xinyu , Tan Duxun , Li Haomiao , Lin Ye , Wen Zhishen , Zeng Canjun 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Recent studies have reported the vital roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in
tumor progression. However, the function and expression profile of most circRNAs in osteosarcoma
remain unclear.

Methods:
We examined the expression of circEPSTI1, a circRNA, in 50 paired adjacent normal tissues
and osteosarcoma tissues by qRT-PCR. Then, we further explored the function of circEPSTI1
in osteosarcoma progression in vitro and in vivo. For example, cell proliferation and migration were
examined. Some experiments were performed to explore the regulatory function of circEPSTI1 in
miRNA and to investigate the potential role of circEPSTI1 in osteosarcoma.

Results:
We found that circEPSTI1 was significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma. Inhibition of circEPSTI1
suppressed the osteosarcoma cancer cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Dual luciferase
reporter assay showed that circEPSTI1 and MCL1 (myeloid cell leukaemia 1) could bind to
miR-892b and that MCL1 and circEPSTI1 were targets of miR-892b.

Conclusion:
Thus, the circEPSTI1-miR-892b-MCL1 axis affected osteosarcoma progression
through the miRNA sponging mechanism. circEPSTI1 may serve as a target and biomarker for osteosarcoma
treatment.
Improvement of Nerve Fiber Density in Fibromyalgia Patients Treated with IVIg
Authors: Metyas Samy , Chen Christina , Quismorio Anne , Abdo Noor , Kamel Kevin 
Published: November 2019

Results:
Small fiber neuropathy and fibromyalgia are two conditions that share
overlapping features. Although various treatments are available for use in fibromyalgia, the response
often remains unsatisfactory. Prior studies have shown that in small fiber neuropathy of
autoimmune etiology, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) holds promise as an effective treatment.

Methods:
Herein we report the use of IVIg in 7 patients who have both fibromyalgia and small fiber
neuropathy. Skin punch biopsy evaluating the nerve fiber density was performed prior to diagnosis
and after 6 months of IVIg therapy in each individual. Patients’ symptoms were obtained via
a fibromyalgia questionnaire pre- and post-treatment.

Results and Conclusion:
At the end of 6 months therapy, overall patients reported fewer fibromyalgia
symptoms and skin biopsy demonstrated improvements as well. This retrospective pilot study
suggests IVIg is a viable potential therapy in a subset of fibromyalgia patients who have small fiber
neuropathy.
Physical Layer Security over SIMO κ-μ Shadowed Fading Channels
Authors: Jiang-Feng Sun , Xing-Wang Li , Yuan Ding , Jian-He Du 
Published: November 2019

Background:Due to the openness of wireless fading channel, it is easy to be disturbed by other transmission signals and noises. Encryption and decryption can guarantee the security of signals, and Physical Layer Security (PLS) which uses the features of fading channels itself to ensure the security of signal transmission has also been widely concerned. In addition, considering the wide applications of κ-μ shadowed distribution model and the advantages of Multiple-Input Multiple- Output (MIMO) technology, the confidentiality over Single-Input Multiple-Output (SIMO) independent κ-μ shadowed model has been studied.Objective:To introduce the factors affecting the confidentiality on SIMO independent κ-μ shadowed model.Methods:Novel representations of the lower bound on SPSC and SOP are deduced over independent κ-μ shadowed model. The method of moment matching to deal with infinite series is adopted.Results:Through theoretical simulation and statistical simulation, the validity of our analysis is verified. We also get the curves for SOP and SPSC when the parameters of the channel change.Conclusion:Under the condition of larger P, large L , large μD, large mDand small kDcan improve the secrecy performance on independent κ-μ shadowed network.
Postnatal confinement among Malay women: Comparing practices between two different generations
Authors: Abdullah Bahiyah , Daud Suzanna , Mohamad Mariam , M Zahid Akmal Z 
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to determine the difference in postnatal confinement practice between two different generations. It was an unmatched cross-sectional study involving 200 women. Women aged less than 50, and 50 years old or more, were grouped as younger and older generation, respectively. This study showed there were significant differences in postnatal confinement practice including the pattern of food restriction and some traditional postnatal care practices (less sexual abstinence, hot compression, herbal bath and avoiding social outing among women from younger generations). Clinically proven intervention should be recommended, and harmful practices should be discouraged to ensure a safe confinement practice.Keywords: post-partum; puerperium; traditional; era eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1911
Assessing the Safety of Heritage Buildings using CPTED Elements
Authors: Said Shahrul Yani , Mering Risca 
Published: November 2019

A good design considered the safety elements are the fundamental approach in ensuring natural surveillance. This study aims to assess the safety elements in conserved heritage buildings by utilizing CPTED elements as assessment tools. The objective of the study is to determine whether the original design or the conservation work considered crime prevention aspect in the design. Elements used in CPTED formed an intensive Pro-forma checklist used in evaluating selected heritage building for this study. The assessment carried out using a scorecard system where the result indicates that all three buildings lack in consideration of preventive crime mechanism in their design consideration.Keywords: CPTED; safe heritage area; building conservation; an assessment tooleISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i12.1922
Complement Activation and Thrombotic Microangiopathies
Authors: Palomo Marta , Blasco Miquel , Molina Patricia , Lozano Miquel , Praga Manuel , Torramade-Moix Sergi , Martinez-Sanchez Julia , Cid Joan , Escolar Gines , Carreras Enric , Paules Cristina , Crispi Fatima , Quintana Luis F. , Poch Esteban , Rodas Lida , Goma Emma , Morelle Johann , Espinosa Mario , Morales Enrique , Avila Ana , Cabello Virginia , Ariceta Gema , Chocron Sara , Manrique Joaquin , Barros Xoana , Martin Nadia , Huerta Ana , Fraga-Rodriguez Gloria M. , Cao Mercedes , Martin Marisa , Romera Ana Maria , Moreso Francesc , Manonelles Anna , Gratacos Eduard , Pereira Arturo , Campistol Josep M. , Diaz-Ricart Maribel 
Published: November 2019

Background and objectivesAtypical hemolytic uremic syndrome is a form of thrombotic microangiopathy caused by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway. There is evidence showing complement activation in other thrombotic microangiopathies. The aim of this study was to evaluate complement activation in different thrombotic microangiopathies and to monitor treatment response.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsComplement activation was assessed by exposing endothelial cells to sera or activated-patient plasma—citrated plasma mixed with a control sera pool (1:1)—to analyze C5b-9 deposits by immunofluorescence. Patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (n=34) at different stages of the disease, HELLP syndrome (a pregnancy complication characterized by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count) or severe preeclampsia (n=10), and malignant hypertension (n=5) were included.ResultsAcute phase atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome–activated plasma induced an increased C5b-9 deposition on endothelial cells. Standard and lower doses of eculizumab inhibited C5b-9 deposition in all patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, except in two who showed partial remission and clinical relapse. Significant fibrin formation was observed together with C5b-9 deposition. Results obtained using activated-plasma samples were more marked and reproducible than those obtained with sera. C5b-9 deposition was also increased with samples from patients with HELLP (all cases) and preeclampsia (90%) at disease onset. This increase was sustained in those with HELLP after 40 days, and levels normalized in patients with both HELLP and preeclampsia after 6–9 months. Complement activation in those with malignant hypertension was at control levels.ConclusionsThe proposed methodology identifies complement overactivation in patients with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome at acute phase and in other diseases such as HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia. Moreover, it is sensitive enough to individually assess the efficiency of the C5 inhibition treatment.