bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enrollment Challenges: Recruiting Children From Diverse Racial and Ethnic Communities to a Study of Physical Activity and Perceived Stress
Authors: Wang Ya-Fen , Ha Soon Young , Watkins Trevor , Kan Koon Hwee , Zauszniewski Jaclene A. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction Effective recruitment and retention can be particularly difficult when research involves children from diverse backgrounds. The purpose of this article is to describe productive methods for recruiting children from diverse racial and ethnic communities. A better understanding of this process will help researchers improve recruitment efforts and better address health disparities. Method Using data retrieved from a cross-sectional study examining children’s physical activity and stress, strategies and efforts for recruitment and retention were recognized and identified. Results During a 5-month recruitment period, 92 potential participants contacted research staff after multiple strategies were executed. Among them, 83.7% were successfully recruited, and 93.5% completed the study; additionally, 54% were White and about 30% Hispanic. Although initial recruitment plans were school based, the majority were recruited by referrals from current participants. Discussion Productive strategies varied by race, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds. Proactive strategies and limitations, such as the use of a smartphone or Quick Response code, are discussed.
Evaluating the Quality of Home Care in China Using the Home Care Quality Assessment Tool
Authors: Tang Xianping , Ge Song , Ma Chenjuan , Chen Xuemei , Pei Yaolin , Zhou Lanshu , Wu Bei 
Published: August 2020

Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the quality of home care in China using the Home Care Quality Assessment Tool (HCQuAT). Method We recruited 38 home health agencies in Shanghai, China, which included 18 in urban areas, 11 in suburban areas, and nine in rural areas. Data on quality of home care from each agency were collected by trained staff using the HCQuAT. Results On average, these home health agencies scored 74.28/100.00 ( SD = 6.80) on the HCQuAT, with an excellence rate of 39.5% and a failing rate of 23.7%. The mean scores on the structure quality module, process quality module, and outcome quality module were 71.2 ± 21.8, 86.6 ± 9.2, and 44.1 ± 37.5, respectively. Significant differences existed across geographic locations ( p = .018). Discussion Significant variations were identified in the quality of home care across quality modules and geographic locations. Outcome quality and quality in rural areas were lower than those for their counterparts.
Safety of Intravenous Bisphosphonates for the Treatment of Hypercalcemia in Patients With Preexisting Renal Dysfunction
Authors: Palmer Shannon , Tillman Frank , Sharma Preetika , Auten Jessica , Owen Kathryn , Clark Stephen M. , Morgan Katherine P. 
Published: August 2020

Background Although intravenous (IV) bisphosphonates are first-line medications for the management of hypercalcemia, studies examining their use in patients with preexisting renal dysfunction are limited. Objective The objective of this study is to describe the safety and efficacy of pamidronate and zoledronic acid in the treatment of hypercalcemia in patients with baseline renal dysfunction. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of IV pamidronate and zoledronic acid in adult patients with hypercalcemia and creatinine clearance (CrCl) <60 mL/min. The primary endpoint was incidence of all-grade serum creatinine (SCr) elevations. Secondary endpoints included refractory hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), corrected serum calcium (CSC) decrease ≥1.0 mg/dL by day 7 of bisphosphonate administration, and normalization of CSC ≤10.5 mg/dL by days 10 and 30. Results A total of 113 patients were included (n = 55 pamidronate, n = 58 zoledronic acid). The primary endpoint of all-grade SCr elevation occurred in 28 (24.8%) patients. Grades 3/4 SCr elevations occurred in 10.9% of patients treated with pamidronate and 1.7% of patients receiving zoledronic acid. Approximately 16% and 14% of patients developed grades 1 and 2 hypocalcemia, respectively, and there were no cases of ONJ. Overall, 64.6% of patients achieved normalization of CSC by day 10, and there were no statistical differences between bisphosphonate type and renal function. Conclusions and Relevance The analysis suggests an association between IV bisphosphonates and increased rates of SCr elevations among patients with preexisting renal dysfunction. Future prospective studies are necessary to elucidate these findings.
Tagraxofusp followed by combined azacitidine and venetoclax in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: A case report and literature review
Authors: Samhouri Yazan , Ursu Sorana , Dutton Nina , Tanvi Verma , Fazal Salman 
Published: August 2020

Introduction Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy that originates from plasmacytoid dendritic cells. It can involve skin, bone marrow, and/or lymph nodes. There is no consensus recommendation regarding treatment especially in the relapsed setting. Tagraxofusp, a CD123 directed agent, was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat BPDCN. We report a case of an elderly patient with diagnosis of BPDCN who was treated initially with tagraxofusp followed by azacitidine and venetoclax combination on relapse. Case report A 79 year old male presented with violaceous skin lesions. He had no other symptoms. Biopsy of these lesions was consistent with a diagnosis of BPDCN. Further testing showed no extracutaneous involvement. Management and outcome: Tagraxofusp was started at full dose (12 mcg/kg). This dose was not tolerated well. Patient could only tolerate the lowest dose (5 mcg/kg). Toxicities included elevated liver function tests, hyperglycemia, capillary leak syndrome, and pancreatitis. Dose escalation on progression was not possible due to side effects. Treatment was switched to venetoclax and azacitidine. Combination treatment was tolerated very well and patient showed major cutaneous response after 5 cycles and continues to do well. Discussion Tagraxofusp is a novel therapy that needs more real-world experience. This case describes the clinical course of an elderly patient on tagraxofusp. We also review the literature of azacytidine/venetoclax combination as a potential yet tolerable treatment option for this rare disease entity. This is the fourth case in literature to be treated with this combination.
Efficacy of Omega-3 and Korean Red Ginseng in Children with Subthreshold ADHD: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Lee Jeewon , Lee Soyoung Irene 
Published: August 2020

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of combined omega-3 and Korean red ginseng supplementation on ADHD symptoms and cognitive function in children with subthreshold ADHD. Method: 120 children from 6 to 12 years with subthreshold ADHD were enrolled in this 12-week, double-blind, randomized, placebocontrolled study. The primary outcome was measured by Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (ADHD-RS). Children Behavior Check List (CBCL), and neuropsychological tests assessing attention, memory, and executive function were included as secondary primary outcome measures. Results: Significant effects on the scores of ADHDRS, as well as several subscales of CBCL including ADHD and attention problem subscales were revealed. Conclusion: The combination of omega-3 and Korean red ginseng may have beneficial effects in children with subthreshold ADHD. Increased clinical awareness of ADHD symptoms even at a subthreshold level is needed.
Understanding Who Stays in a STEM Scholar Program for Underrepresented Students: High-Achieving Scholars and Short-Term Program Retention
Authors: Oseguera Leticia , Rios Javiera De Los , Park Hyun Ju , Aparicio Elyzza M. , Rao Sridevi 
Published: August 2020

This study highlights program retention among Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) students in a STEM Intervention Program (SIP) aimed at increasing the representation of underrepresented students in STEM fields. We applied London et al.’s STEM Engagement Framework to determine factors that distinguish who stays in a SIP and who leaves within the first two years of the program. Our sample was comprised of 129 high-achieving students enrolled in a multicomponent program at a large, research-intensive university in the mid-Atlantic. Our results suggest that identifying as a woman or gender non-conforming scholar, having a strong scientific identity, or reporting lower depressive symptoms, increase the likelihood of remaining in the SIP.
International Development of the Alzheimer’s Patient Partners Life Impact Questionnaire (APPLIQue)
Authors: McKenna Stephen P. , Rouse Matthew , Heaney Alice , Hagell Peter 
Published: August 2020

Aim: Informal caregivers play a vital role in the care of people with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), yet caregiving is associated with caregivers’ burden. The initial objective of the study was to develop a new outcome measure to assess quality of life (QoL) in AD caregivers. Methods: Informal (non-professional) caregivers providing 75% or more of the care activities for, and living in the same household as, a person with AD were invited to take part in the study. Qualitative interviews (N = 40) were conducted with AD caregivers in the UK and thematic analyses were applied to generate a pool of potential items. A draft questionnaire was produced and adapted for use in Italy, Spain, Germany and the US. In each of the 5 countries, cognitive debriefing interviews (N = 76) were conducted to determine the questionnaire’s face and content validity, followed by a postal validation survey (N = 268). The data from these surveys were combined to reduce the number of items and assess the new questionnaire’s psychometric properties. Results: Thematic analysis of the UK interview transcripts generated a draft questionnaire, which was successfully translated into each additional language. The items were well accepted and easy to complete. However, reanalysis of the qualitative interview data revealed that spousal and non-spousal caregivers identified different experiences of caregiving. A review of the item pool indicated that items were primarily targeted at spousal caregivers. Therefore, further analyses of the postal survey data included spousal caregivers only (n = 116). The results supported scaling assumptions (e.g., corrected item-total correlations ≥0.32), targeting (e.g., floor/ceiling effects <2.5%), internal consistency (α ≥0.93) and test-retest reliability (rs = 0.88) of the new questionnaire, according to classical test theory. Assessment of external construct validity yielded results in accordance with a priori expectations. QoL scores were most strongly related to scores on the emotional reactions sections of the Nottingham Health Profile and the General Well-Being Index. The new questionnaire was found to be capable of detecting meaningful differences between respondents; spousal caregivers had worse QoL when the person with AD was confused (p < .001), could not be left alone (p < .001), did not recognize the caregiver (p < .001), was incontinent (p < .05), and wandered around the house (p = .01). Conclusions: The Alzheimer’s Disease Patient Partners Life Impact Questionnaire (APPLIQue) is a questionnaire specific to spousal caregivers of people with AD. Data support its scaling assumptions and it exhibits excellent psychometric properties according to classical test theory. The questionnaire is recommended for use in intervention studies where the QoL of spousal caregivers is of interest.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings After Elbow Dislocation: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Demino Cory , Fowler John R. 
Published: August 2020

Background The elbow is one of the most commonly dislocated joints, and dislocation is usually accompanied with an assortment of soft tissue injuries. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze and describe the patterns of ligamentous, tendinous, and muscular injuries in patients with an acute elbow dislocation and subsequent magnetic resonance image (MRI) evaluation. Methods From 2008 to 2020, 235 patients clinically diagnosed with an elbow dislocation were seen in the department, of which only 19 underwent an MRI of the affected elbow. Twelve patients met inclusion criteria, and MRIs were evaluated by both a radiologist and an upper extremity orthopedic surgeon. Magnetic resonance images were assessed for injury to the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL); radial collateral ligament (RCL); lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL); common flexor and extensor tendons; biceps, brachialis, and triceps tendons; fracture; and joint effusion. Results Magnetic resonance imaging findings included the following: UCL was injured in 11 of 12 patients; RCL was injured in 9 of 12 patients; LUCL was injured in 9 of 12 patients; common flexor tendon was injured in 11 of 12 patients; and common extensor tendon was injured in 9 of 12 elbows. The biceps, brachialis, and triceps tendons showed injury in 1 of 12, 2 of 12, and 2 of 12 elbows, respectively. Four elbows had at least 1 fracture present, whereas 8 demonstrated an effusion. Conclusions In this series, injuries to the UCL and common flexor tendon were most common. Although ligamentous injuries are exceedingly common in elbow dislocations, large studies of MRI findings prove difficult due to MRI costs.
Supplementary medication in multiple sclerosis: Real-world experience and potential interference with neurofilament light chain measurement
Authors: Pape Katrin , Steffen Falk , Zipp Frauke , Bittner Stefan 
Published: August 2020

Background As vitamins and dietary supplements are obtainable without prescription, treating physicians often ignore their intake by patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and may therefore miss potential adverse effects and interactions. Objective We aimed to assess the spectrum and intake frequency of supplementary medication in a cohort of MS patients and to analyse the effect of biotin intake on measurement of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), an emerging marker of disease activity. Methods MS patients visiting our neurology outpatient clinic completed a questionnaire on their past or present use of vitamins or dietary supplements. In addition, the impact of two different doses of biotin (10 and 300 mg/day) on sNfL was studied in healthy volunteers. Results Of 186 patients, 72.6% reported taking over-the-counter vitamins or dietary supplements currently or previously. Most frequently used was vitamin D (60.0%), followed by biotin. Female patients and patients with primary progressive MS tended to use supplements more frequently. Biotin intake did not interfere with sNfL measurement by single molecule array (Simoa). Conclusions The use of vitamins and dietary supplements is frequent among patients with MS. Thus, treating physicians should be aware of the pitfalls of supplementary treatment and educate their patients accordingly.
Medical Education Adaptations Post COVID-19: An Egyptian Reflection
Authors: Shehata Mohamed HK , Abouzeid Enjy , Wasfy Nourhan F , Abdelaziz Adel , Wells Ray L , Ahmed Samar A 
Published: August 2020

Background: Coronavirus (COVID19) appears to be an inflection point that is forcing a disruption in medical education. Objective: The study aims to explore how medical schools in Egypt responded to COVID-19 pandemic regarding teaching and learning/assessment for undergraduate students. Design: A mixed method exploratory 2-phase study was conducted. Data was collected through a questionnaire and focus groups. Results: The responses of the participants were categorized according to main themes; University preparedness, Role of faculty in the transition, Role of ME units/Departments/National/Regional bodies in the transition, Role of Egyptian Knowledge Bank, New teaching methods/strategies, New assessment methods/strategies and Projection into the future. The staff level of preparedness for that unexpected shift was evaluated as optimum to high and a good leadership support was reported by 70% of them. They reported conflicting views about the proper role of medical education units but reinforced the idea of Egyptian Knowledge Bank’s crucial role in this transition. Additionally, 64.1% of the participants identified a clinical skills teaching challenge and 76.3% of them reported absence of alternative methods for summative assessment. Finally, there is a communication problem with the students that leads to their detachment. Conclusions: Individuals moved faster than bodies and relied on support existing outside the universities when catastrophe happened. Many recommendations emerged including the need to integrate online learning into the curriculum at favorable percentages.
The hematopoietic stem cell marker VNN2 is associated with chemoresistance in pediatric B-cell precursor ALL
Authors: Bornhauser Beat , Cario Gunnar , Rinaldi Anna , Risch Thomas , Rodriguez Martinez Virginia , Schütte Moritz , Warnatz Hans-Jörg , Scheidegger Nastassja , Mirkowska Paulina , Temperli Martina , Möller Claudia , Schumich Angela , Dworzak Michael , Attarbaschi Andishe , Brüggemann Monika , Ritgen Mathias , Mejstrikova Ester , Hofmann Andreas , Buldini Barbara , Scarparo Pamela , Basso Giuseppe , Maglia Oscar , Gaipa Giuseppe , Skroblyn Tessa Lara , Ngo Quy A. , te Kronnie Geertruij , Vendramini Elena , Panzer-Grümayer Renate , Barz Malwine Jeanette , Marovca Blerim , Hauri-Hohl Mathias , Niggli Felix , Eckert Cornelia , Schrappe Martin , Stanulla Martin , Zimmermann Martin , Wollscheid Bernd , Yaspo Marie-Laure , Bourquin Jean-Pierre 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Most relapses of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) occur in patients with a medium risk (MR) for relapse on the Associazione Italiana di Ematologia e Oncologia Pediatrica and Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (AIEOP-BFM) ALL protocol, based on persistence of minimal residual disease (MRD). New insights into biological features that are associated with MRD are needed. Here, we identify the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface protein vanin-2 (VNN2; GPI-80) by charting the cell surface proteome of MRD very high-risk (HR) B-cell precursor (BCP) ALL using a chemoproteomics strategy. The correlation between VNN2 transcript and surface protein expression enabled a retrospective analysis (ALL-BFM 2000; N = 770 cases) using quantitative polymerase chain reaction to confirm the association of VNN2 with MRD and independent prediction of worse outcome. Using flow cytometry, we detected VNN2 expression in 2 waves, in human adult bone marrow stem and progenitor cells and in the mature myeloid compartment, in line with proposed roles for fetal hematopoietic stem cells and inflammation. Prospective validation by flow cytometry in the ongoing clinical trial (AIEOP-BFM 2009) identified 10% (103/1069) of VNN2+ BCP ALL patients at first diagnosis, primarily in the MRD MR (48/103, 47%) and HR (37/103, 36%) groups, across various cytogenetic subtypes. We also detected frequent mutations in epigenetic regulators in VNN2+ ALLs, including histone H3 methyltransferases MLL2, SETD2, and EZH2 and demethylase KDM6A. Inactivation of the VNN2 gene did not impair leukemia repopulation capacity in xenografts. Taken together, VNN2 marks a cellular state of increased resistance to chemotherapy that warrants further investigations. Therefore, this marker should be included in diagnostic flow cytometry panels.
A novel locus for exertional dyspnoea in childhood asthma
Authors: Lee Sanghun , Lasky-Su Jessica Ann , Lange Christoph , Kim Wonji , Kumar Preeti Lakshman , McDonald Merry-Lynn N. , Vaz Fragoso Carlos A. , Laurie Cecelia , Raby Benjamin A. , Celedón Juan C. , Cho Michael H. , Won Sungho , Weiss Scott T. , Hecker Julian 
Published: August 2020

Most children diagnosed with asthma have respiratory symptoms such as cough, dyspnoea and wheezing, which are also important markers of overall respiratory function. A decade of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have investigated genetic susceptibility to asthma itself, but few have focused on important respiratory symptoms that characterise childhood asthma.Using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data for 894 asthmatic trios from a Costa Rican cohort, we performed family-based association tests (FBATs) to assess the association between genetic variants and multiple asthma-relevant respiratory phenotypes: cough, phlegm, wheezing, exertional dyspnoea and exertional chest tightness. We tested whether genome-wide significant associations were replicated in two additional studies: 1) 286 asthmatic trios from the Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP), and 2) 2691 African American current or former smokers from the COPDGene study.In the 894 Costa Rican trios, we identified a genome-wide significant association (p=2.16×10−9) between exertional dyspnoea and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs10165869, located on chromosome 2q37.3, that was replicated in the CAMP cohort (p=0.023) with the same direction of association (combined p=3.28×10−10). This association was not found in the African American participants from COPDGene. We also found suggestive evidence for an association between SNP rs10165869 and the atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3).Our finding encourages the secondary association analysis of a wider range of phenotypes that characterise respiratory symptoms in other airway diseases/studies.
Functional assessment and phenotypic heterogeneity ofSFTPA1andSFTPA2mutations in interstitial lung diseases and lung cancer
Authors: Legendre Marie , Butt Afifaa , Borie Raphaël , Debray Marie-Pierre , Bouvry Diane , Filhol-Blin Emilie , Desroziers Tifenn , Nau Valérie , Copin Bruno , Dastot-Le Moal Florence , Héry Mélanie , Duquesnoy Philippe , Allou Nathalie , Bergeron Anne , Bermudez Julien , Cazes Aurélie , Chene Anne-Laure , Cottin Vincent , Crestani Bruno , Dalphin Jean-Charles , Dombret Christine , Doray Bérénice , Dupin Clairelyne , Giraud Violaine , Gondouin Anne , Gouya Laurent , Israël-Biet Dominique , Kannengiesser Caroline , Le Borgne Aurélie , Leroy Sylvie , Longchampt Elisabeth , Lorillon Gwenaël , Nunes Hilario , Picard Clément , Reynaud-Gaubert Martine , Traclet Julie , de Vuyst Paul , Coulomb L'Hermine Aurore , Clement Annick , Amselem Serge , Nathan Nadia 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionInterstitial lung diseases (ILDs) can be caused by mutations in theSFTPA1andSFTPA2genes, which encode the surfactant protein (SP) complex SP-A. Only 11SFTPA1orSFTPA2mutations have so far been reported worldwide, of which five have been functionally assessed. In the framework of ILD molecular diagnosis, we identified 14 independent patients with pathogenicSFTPA1orSFTPA2mutations. The present study aimed to functionally assess the 11 different mutations identified and to accurately describe the disease phenotype of the patients and their affected relatives.MethodsThe consequences of the 11SFTPA1orSFTPA2mutations were analysed bothin vitro, by studying the production and secretion of the corresponding mutated proteins andex vivo, by analysing SP-A expression in lung tissue samples. The associated disease phenotypes were documented.ResultsFor the 11 identified mutations, protein production was preserved but secretion was abolished. The expression pattern of lung SP-A available in six patients was altered and the family history reported ILD and/or lung adenocarcinoma in 13 out of 14 families (93%). Among the 28SFTPA1 or SFTPA2mutation carriers, the mean age at ILD onset was 45 years (range 0.6–65 years) and 48% underwent lung transplantation (mean age 51 years). Seven carriers were asymptomatic.DiscussionThis study, which expands the molecular and clinical spectrum of SP-A disorders, shows that pathogenicSFTPA1orSFTPA2mutations share similar consequences for SP-A secretion in cell models and in lung tissue immunostaining, whereas they are associated with a highly variable phenotypic expression of disease, ranging from severe forms requiring lung transplantation to incomplete penetrance.