bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Project-Based Learning (PJBL) Model on Spatial Thinking Ability in Class SMA PGRI 2 Palembang
Authors: Utomo Budi , Putri Ramayana Dwi 
Published: February 2020

Salah satu tujuan belajar geografi adalah emberikan kemampuan berpikir spasial kepada siswa. Namun berdasarkan observasi di lapangan menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berpikir spasial siswa belum menunjukkan hasil yang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PJBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir spasial pada mata pelajaran geografi kelas X di SMA PGRI 2 Palembang. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh Project Based Learning (PJBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir spasial maka peneliti menggunakan metode Eksperimen.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan mengenai pengaruh model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PJBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir spasial pada mata pelajaran geografi kelas X di SMA PGRI 2 Palembang dapat disimpulkan bahwa, hasil analisis data rata-rata hasil tes kemampuan berpikir spasial siswa kelas eksperimen sebesar 76,02 sedangkan kelas kontrol rata-rata sebesar 61,72. Berdasarkan hasil uji-t diperoleh thitung = 8,43 kemudian dibandingkan dengan ttabel = 1,66, maka thitung> ttabel yaitu 8,43 >1,66. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PJBL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir spasial pada mata pelajaran geografi kelas X di SMA PGRI 2 Palembang.
Fenomena Kehidupan Remaja Yatim/Piatu di Dusun Sendang Biru Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Efiyanti Alfiana Yuli , Wahyuni Esa Nur 
Published: February 2020

Young generation, especially teenagers, plays a very important role in the nation's sustainability. However, it becomes hard situation for orphan teenagers as they live in abnormal situations. In Sendang Biru, Sumbermanjing Wetan Malang, orphan teenagers experience problems that occur due to their orphan status. There are various social problems, that relating to economic and psychological problems. Continuously attention and assistance has been provided by the community through the social community “An Nisa”. However, because the assistance is short-term and momentary, it only touches a small number of problems faced, and has not touched other psychological and social domains. We strongly recommend Sendang Biru community, government and higher education institutions to develop long-term programs that can solve the whole problems of orphan teenagers in Sendang Biru.
Penegakkan Hukum Terhadap Pelecehan Seksual Melalui Teknologi Informasi (Cyber) Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang - Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Tentang Informasi Dan Transaksi Elektronik
Authors: Ferdina Verlin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

The development of information and communication technology that is known as a global computer network or the internet has created a new world called the cyberspace, a world of computer-based communication that offers a new reality that is a virtual reality. With the development of increasingly sophisticated information and communication technologies, many benefits are gained from this development, but not only the positive impact that is felt by the progress of information and communication technology, there are also some negative impacts that arise due to the development of these technologies. One of the negative impacts is very worrying and is an urgency that must be followed up which is sexual harassment (cyber harassment), especially for women through the cyberspace/internet. Therefore this research journal is intended to further examine the law enforcement against sexual harassment according to the Law of The Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2008 Concerning Electronic Information and Transactions.
Keywords: sexual harrasment, cyberspace, Law no. 11 of 2008
Proporsionalitas Pasal 79 Huruf C UU No.29/2004 Tentang Praktek Kedokteran Dan Pasal 360 KUHP Dikaitkan Dengan Unsur Kesalahan Terdakwa
Authors: Windayani Tisa , Adipradana Nugroho 
Published: February 2020

Ajaran kesalahan dalam Ilmu Pengetahuan Hukum Pidana terbagi menjadi dua yaitu kesengajaan dan kelalaian. Kedua hal ini berbeda secara prinsip sebagai unsur tindak pidana subyektif. Kesengajaan menurut doktrin von Hirsch layak dijatuhi hukuman lebih berat daripada kelalaian. Berbagai macam delik yang ada juga menegaskan pembedaan bobot dan jenis ancaman sanksi dua kesalahan ini. Praktik kedokteran sangat beresiko menimbulkan penderitaan bagi pasien, terutama jika tidak dilakukan secara profesional. Dalam Hukum Pidana Indonesia terdapat delik-delik terkait praktik ini. Dalam delik-delik tersebut, terdapat unsur delik kelalaian yang memiliki ancaman hukuman lebih berat justru daripada delik kesengajaan. Keadaan ini menunjukkan desain perumusan delik dan ancaman hukuman yang tidak proporsional.
Kata Kunci: Kesengajaan, Kelalaian, Proporsionalitas, Praktik Kedokteran.
Full-Scale Test and Numerical Simulation of Guided Flexible Protection System under a Blasting Load
Authors: Qi Xin , Xu Hu , Yu Zhixiang , Sun Keqin , Zhao Shichun 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Both active and passive flexible protection methods are effective against rockfalls, but they can result in a secondary hazard due to cumulate rocks inside the structure. To solve this problem, guided flexible protection systems are receiving increased attention in the engineering community. In this study, a full-scale test of a guided flexible protection system was carried out, where the bottom of the mesh was anchored under a blasting load, which can be considered as an extreme loading event related to rockfall hazards. The fluid-solid coupling method was employed in a finite element model to simulate the entire process from the blast to the accumulation of rocks at the bottom of the slope. Based on the experimental and numerical results, a two-stage process was revealed, the internal force and the dissipated energy of each component were compared and analyzed, and the load-transferring path within the system was obtained. The internal forces of the support ropes reached their maximum values in the intercept stage. The posts experienced two peak values, the first of which, in the guide stage, was twice that in the intercept stage. The brake rings were the main energy-dissipating components, and the energy dissipation in the intercept stage was much greater than that in the guide stage. Furthermore, the interaction in terms of collision and friction between the rocks, the slope, and the system was not insignificant, particularly in the guide stage, which can account for more than 40 percent of the consumed energy of the rockfall.
Despite Early Medicaid Expansion, Decreased Durable Virologic Suppression Among Publicly Insured People with HIV in Washington, DC
Authors: Goldstein Deborah , Hardy David , Monroe Anne , Hou Qingjiang , Hart Rachel , Terzian Arpi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background:
Despite widely available access to HIV care in Washington, DC, inequities in HIV outcomes persist. We hypothesized that laboratory monitoring and virologic outcomes would not differ significantly based on insurance type.
Methods:
We compared HIV monitoring with outcomes among people with HIV (PWH) with private (commercial payer) versus public (Medicare, Medicaid) insurance receiving care at community and hospital clinics. The DC Cohort follows over 8,000 PWH from 14 clinics. We included those ≥18 years old enrolled between 2011-2015 with stable insurance. Outcomes included frequency of CD4 count and HIV RNA monitoring (> 2 lab measures/year, >30 days apart) and durable viral suppression (VS; HIV RNA <50 copies/mL at last visit and receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥12 months). Multivariable logistic regression models examined impact of demographic and clinical factors.
Results:
Among 3,908 PWH, 67.9% were publicly-insured and 58.9% attended community clinics. Compared with privately insured participants, a higher proportion of publicly insured participants had the following characteristics: female sex, Black race, heterosexual, unemployed, and attending community clinics. Despite less lab monitoring, privately-insured PWH had greater durable VS than publicly-insured PWH (ART-naïve: private 70.0% vs public 53.1%, p=0.03; ART-experienced: private 80.2% vs public 69.4%, p<0.0001). Privately-insured PWH had greater durable VS than publicly-insured PWH at hospital clinics (AOR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.12; p=0.001).
Conclusions: Paradoxical differences between HIV monitoring and durable VS exist among publicly and privately-insured PWH in Washington, DC. Programs serving PWH must improve efforts to address barriers creating inequity in HIV outcomes.
A single, 30 minutes pretreatment with Isoflurane or Sevoflurane is not protective against high tidal volume induced lung injury in rats
Authors: Setzer Florian , Hueter Lars , Schmidt Barbara , Schwarzkopf Konrad , Schreiber Torsten 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Volatile anesthetics (VA) may exert organ-protective effects in various experimental and clinical settings. Mechanical ventilation (MV) induces an inflammatory response and, depending on the ventilator settings chosen, injury in the lungs. It is unclear if prophylactic inhaled VA applied on healthy lungs prior to MV are protective regarding these effects.
Methods: Healthy, spontaneously breathing rats were exposed for 30 minutes to either isoflurane (1.8 Vol %), sevoflurane (3.0 Vol %) or no VA. Animals were allowed to recover, intraperitoneally anesthetized and then mechanically ventilated for 4 hours with either high (21 ml/kg body weight) or low (9 ml/kg body weight) tidal volume (n = 12 per group). Cardiorespiratory parameters and systemic inflammation were assessed at the beginning and during mechanical ventilation. Cellular, non-cellular and histologic markers of pulmonary injury and inflammation were determined.
Results: Irrespective of VA pretreatment, MV with high VT negatively affected markers of lung integrity such as arterial oxygenation and lung wet-to-dry ratio. Following VA pretreatment we found no protective effects on lung function but there were changes in some markers of inflammation such as a decrease in blood lymphocyte counts and an increase in interleukin 6 concentration in plasma and lung lavage fluid. These effects were heterogeneous regarding group allocation and time points.
Conclusions: In this in in vivo animal model, prophylactic administration of inhaled VA was not beneficial or protective regarding ventilation induced lung injury. However, there were effects suggestive of a modulation of inflammatory markers associated with VA prophylaxis. The clinical or biological relevance of these findings so far remain unclear and should be subject to further studies.
Physical, nutritional and psychological states interfere with health related quality of life of institutionalized elderly
Authors: Farias Ilky Pollansky Silva e , Montenegro Luiza Almeida Souto , Wanderley Rayssa Lucena , de Pontes Jannerson Cesar Xavier , Pereira Antonio Carlos , Almeida Leopoldina Fátima Dantas , Cavalcanti Yuri Wanderley 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Purpose Nursing home elders experience many problems that may influence their quality of life, in example of cognitive, mental, nutritional and physical disabilities. Concerning about elders’ wellbeing may help them living with dignity. This study aimed to investigate factors associated with Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of institutionalized elders in a capital city of Brazilian Northeast. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 193 institutionalized elders living in the metropolitan region of João Pessoa (Brazil). The following variables were tested regarding their association with the elders’ HRQoL: Socio-demographic characteristics; Performance of daily-living activities, Frailty status, Cognitive status, Nutritional status, Self-perception of oral health and Depression status. Hierarchical multiple linear and logistic regressions analyses were performed in order to assess the impact of each independent variable on HRQoL, considering a significance level of 5%. Results The mean (SD) and the median of HRQoL of institutionalized elders were 62.69(15.24) and 62, respectively. Elderly were mostly (72.02%) female, being those with 80 years and over the more frequent (54.92%). Dependence on daily activities (OR=2.06, 95%CI=1.32-3.23), frailty (OR=1.68, 95%CI=1.15-2.45) and depression (OR=2.22, 95%CI=1.51-3.27) were statistically associated with poor HRQoL (p<0.05). Other variables have no significance within the adjusted model. Conclusions Dependent, frail and depressed institutionalized elderly presented a greater chance to have a worse HRQoL. It is necessary to plan and implement actions that would reduce the factors associated with the low quality of life of institutionalized elderly.
Low Bone Mineral Density Could Predict Cognitive Impairment during the Acute and Recovery Phases of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lee Sang-Hwa , Jang Min Uk , Kim Yerim , Park So Young , Kim Chulho , Kim Yeo Jin , Sohn Jong-Hee 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Little is known about the effect of osteoporosis at the acute and recovery phase of stroke on cognitive function. We evaluated the effect of osteoporosis on cognitive function in patients with ischemic stroke aged >50 years. Methods We retrospectively examined consecutive patients with acute stroke hospitalized between 2016 and 2018. Osteoporosis was defined as a T score of <-2.5 for the femoral neck or lumbar spine bone mineral density. The primary outcome was cognitive impairment measured by the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination in the acute phase and recovery phase of ischemic stroke. The association between osteoporosis and the severity of cognitive impairment was investigated using a multivariate analysis. Results Of the 260 included subjects (107 men and 153 women), 70 (26.9%) had osteoporosis. Cognitive impairment was more severe in the osteoporosis group than in the non-osteoporosis group (30.5% versus 47.1%, p=0.001). After recovery phase of stroke, the proportion of patients with cognitive impairment remained higher in the osteoporosis group. The multivariate analysis revealed a correlation between a low femoral neck bone mineral density and severe cognitive impairment in the acute and recovery phases of stroke (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-12.79 in the acute phase and adjusted OR 11.17, 95% CI 1.12-110.98 in the recovery phase), whereas lumbar spine osteoporosis was not associated with cognitive impairment. Conclusions Low bone mineral density is associated with poor cognitive function in patients with acute stroke. Early bone mineral density assessments during acute stroke, particularly at the femoral neck, may be a useful marker of cognitive function.
Management of stretched scar– induced secondary strabismus
Authors: Farid Mohamed F , Mahmoud Mohamed R , Awwad Mohamed A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: To determine characteristics and management of consecutive or recurrent strabismus secondary to stretched scar. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of all patients diagnosed with late secondary consecutive or recurrent strabismus due to stretched scar from 2012 to 2017. The diagnosis of stretched scar was made in any case of late (≥ 1 month) consecutive or recurrent strabismus associated with underaction of the previously operated muscle. The diagnosis was confirmed intraoperatively by negative forced duction test and the characteristic appearance of the scar tissue. Surgical correction involved excision of the scar tissue with muscle re-attachment to the sclera using non-absorbable sutures. Study parameters include improvement in secondary deviations, degree of muscle underaction and diplopia. RESULTS: 21 consecutive and 6 recurrent cases of stretched scar –induced strabismus were identified and all cases were associated with variable degrees of limited ocular duction. After surgical correction of the stretched scar, consecutive deviations in the form of consecutive esotropia and exotropia were corrected by means of 26.1PD and 65.6PD while recurrent deviations in the form recurrent exotropia and recurrent hypertropia were corrected by means of 34.3PD and 11PD respectively with significant improvement of limited ocular ductions. 21 patients had diplopia at presentation and all were improved after surgery. CONCLUSION: management of stretched scar –induced secondary strabismus by excision of the stretched scar and muscle fixation to the sclera using non-absorbable sutures significantly corrects secondary deviations and improves limitation of ocular duction.
Comparative genomics analysis of c-di-GMP metabolism and regulation in Microcystis aeruginosa
Authors: Chen Meng , Xu Chun-Yang , Wang Xu , Ren Chong-Yang , Ding Jiao , Li Li 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : Cyanobacteria are of special concern because they proliferate in eutrophic water bodies worldwide and affect water quality. As an ancient photosynthetic microorganism, cyanobacteria can survive in ecologically diverse habitats because of their capacity to rapidly respond to environmental changes through a web of complex signaling networks, including using second messengers to regulate physiology or metabolism. A ubiquitous second messenger, bis-(3′,5′)-cyclic-dimeric-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), has been found to regulate essential behaviors in a few cyanobacteria but not Microcystis, which are the most dominant species in cyanobacterial blooms. In this study, comparative genomics analysis was performed to explore the genomic basis of c-di-GMP signaling in Microcystis aeruginosa . Results: Proteins involved in c-di-GMP metabolism and regulation, such as diguanylate cyclases, phosphodiesterases, and PilZ-containing proteins, were encoded in M. aeruginosa genomes. However, the number of identified protein domains involved in c-di-GMP signaling was not proportional to the size of M. aeruginosa genomes (4.97 Mb in average). Pan-genome analysis showed that genes involved in c-di-GMP metabolism and regulation are conservative in M. aeruginosa strains. Phylogenetic analysis showed good congruence between the two types of phylogenetic trees based on 31 highly conserved protein-coding genes and sensor domain-coding genes. Propensity for gene loss analysis revealed that most of genes involved in c-di-GMP signaling are stable in M. aeruginosa strains. Moreover, bioinformatics and structure analysis of c-di-GMP signal-related GGDEF and EAL domains revealed that they all possess essential conserved amino acid residues that bind the substrate. In addition, it was also found that all selected M. aeruginosa genomes encode PilZ domain containing proteins. Conclusions: Comparative genomics analysis of c-di-GMP metabolism and regulation in M. aeruginosa strains helped elucidating the genetic basis of c-di-GMP signaling pathways in M. aeruginosa. Knowledge of c-di-GMP metabolism and relevant signal regulatory processes in cyanobacteria can enhance our understanding of their adaptability to various environments and bloom-forming mechanism.
Chicken avian β-defensin 8 modulates immune response via the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in a chicken macrophage cell line
Authors: Hong Yeojin , Pham Thu Thao , Lee Jiae , Lillehoj Hyun S. , Hong Yeong Ho 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Defensins are antimicrobial peptides composed of three conserved disulfide bridges, a β-sheet, and both hydrophobic and cationic amino acids. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the immunomodulation role of avian β-defensin 8 (AvBD8) in a chicken macrophage cell line. Results: Chicken AvBD8 stimulated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon-γ, and IL-12p40) and chemokines (CCL4, CXCL13, and CCL20) in macrophages. Furthermore, by western blotting and immunocytochemistry, we confirmed that AvBD8 activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway via extracellular regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 signaling molecules. Conclusion: Overall, AvBD8 regulates host immune system as not only an antimicrobial peptide, but also an immunomodulator by activating the MAPK signaling pathway and inducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines.
Actor and partner effects of parenting stress and co-parenting on marital conflict among parents of children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Han Jeong Won , LEE HANNA 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: It is important for healthcare providers to pay attention to parents’ rearing style and children’s physical symptoms to promote a healthy quality of life among children with atopic dermatitis. We aimed to identify effects of parenting stress and co-parenting on marital conflict among parents of children with atopic dermatitis. Methods: Participants were 161 fathers and 161 mothers raising seven-year-old children treated for atopic dermatitis. To confirm the effects of parenting stress and co-parenting on marital conflict, the “actor-partner interdependence mediation model” was used. To verify goodness-of-fit, maximum likelihood method was used, and a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to confirm the validity of latent variables for model analysis. Results: Fathers’ parenting stress had actor (β = -.46, p < .001) and partner (β = -.22, p < .001) effects on co-parenting, and mothers’ parenting stress had actor (β = -.20, p < .001) and partner (β = -.36, p < .001) effects on co-parenting. Fathers’ parenting stress only had an actor effect on marital conflict (β = .32, p < .001). Father’s co-parenting had actor (β = -.29, p < .001) and partner (β = -.22, p < .001) effects on marital conflict, and mothers’ co-parenting had actor (β = -.39, p < .001) and partner (β = -.19, p < .001) effects on marital conflict. There were significant differences between the two groups concerning three path coefficients: fathers’ parenting stress affected fathers’ marital conflict, fathers’ co-parenting affected fathers’ marital conflict, and mothers’ co-parenting affected fathers’ marital conflict. Conclusions: It is vital for healthcare providers to seek ways to reduce the marital conflicts of parents of children with atopic dermatitis, including further examination of the role of co-parenting, to address children’s physical symptoms and promote their health. Our findings inform management and intervention programs for the families of children with atopic dermatitis.