bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Willingness of the UK public to volunteer for testing in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vandrevala Tushna , Montague Amy , Terry Philip , Fielder Mark D. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization declared the rapid spread of COVID-19 around the world to be a global public health emergency. The spread of the disease is influenced by people’s willingness to adopt preventative public health behaviours, such as participation in testing programmes and risk perception can be an important determinant of engagement in such behaviours. Methods: In this study, we present the first assessment of how the UK public (N=778) perceive the usefulness of testing for coronavirus and the factors that influence a person’s willingness to test for coronavirus.Results: None of the key demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, disability, vulnerability status, or professional expertise) were significantly related to the respondents’ willingness to be tested for coronavirus. However, closely following the news media was positively related to willingness to be tested. Knowledge and perceptions about Coronavirus significantly predicted willingness to test, with three significantly contributing factors: worry about the health and social impacts to self and family; personal susceptibility; and concerns about the impacts of coronavirus on specific demographic groups. Views on testing for coronavirus predicted willingness to test, with the most influential factors being importance of testing by need; negative views about widespread testing and mistrust in doctor’s advice about testing. Conclusions: Implications for effective risk communication and localised public health approach to encouraging public to put themselves forward for testing are discussed. We strongly advocate for effective communications and localised intervention by public health authorities, using media outlets to ensure that members of the public get tested for SARs-CoV2 when required.
Once is Rarely Enough: Can Cocial Prescribing Facilitate Adherence to Non-clinical Community and Voluntary Sector Health Services? Empirical Evidence from Germany
Authors: Golubinski Veronika , Oppel Eva-Maria , Winter Vera , Schreyögg Jonas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-clinical health interventions provided by the voluntary and community sector can improve patients’ health and well-being and reduce pressure on primary and secondary care, but only if patients adhere to them. This study provides novel insights into the impact of doctor referrals to such services, known as social prescribing, on patients’ adherence to them. Methods: Using a negative binomial model, we analysed electronic visitor records from a community health advice and navigation service in Germany between January 2018 and December 2019 to determine whether social prescribing was associated with greater adherence to the service (measured in terms of return visits) compared to patients who self-referred. We also explored whether this effect differed according to patient characteristics. Results: Based on 1,734 observations, we found that social prescribing was significantly associated with a greater number of return visits compared to patient self-referrals (p<0.05). For patients who visited the service because of psychological concerns, the effect of social prescribing was lower. For all other patient characteristics, the effect remained unchanged, suggesting relevance to all other patient groups. Conclusions: The results of our study indicate that social prescribing may be an effective way to facilitate adherence to non-clinical community and voluntary sector health services. This knowledge is important for policy makers who are deciding whether to implement or expand upon social prescribing schemes. Trial registration: Not applicable
Understanding What Influences Community-based Care Coordination Improvement: Interpreting Variation in a Medicare Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)
Authors: Brock Jane , Gass Brianna , Brothersen Alaina , McFall Lacey , Walsh Kati , Goatee Christina , Huebschmann Amy G , Holtrop Jodi Summers 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundQuality Improvement Networks Quality Improvement Organizations (QIN-QIOs) developed community coalitions to align care coordination efforts for Medicare beneficiaries in order to reduce readmission rates within geographically defined communities. This CMS (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services) funded national quality improvement program worked with 380 coalitions from 2014-2019, facilitating a variety of interventions within each community. Baseline readmission rates among communities, calculated from claims data, varied from 17.7 to 112 readmissions/1000 beneficiaries. Program results ranged from +40.7% (high performance) to -35.8% (low performance) relative improvement.We applied an implementation framework (CFIR) to the QIN-QIO efforts to define common characteristics of interventions, implementation strategies, and contexts in which improvement efforts took place. We identify features associated with successful and unsuccessful intervention implementation, and with changes in readmission rates.MethodsWe selected 22 communities representing a range of relative improvement, geographic characteristics and baseline readmissions rates. We measured the QIN-QIO’s perception of influence of individual CFIR constructs on community readmission rates over time using a written assessment and elicited details and mechanisms through structured interviews. Two independent reviewers qualitatively coded transcribed interviews. Final ratings for the influence of each CFIR construct on community performance were assigned by consensus, ranging from -2 (strong negative influence) to +2 (strong positive influence).Results Some adaptation of the CFIR, such including codes in a coalition domain, and adding constructs to the outer setting domain, such as healthcare market characteristics, helped fit the framework to the QIN-QIO work. The characteristics of individuals domain was less applicable to this study. Several constructs were found to be associated with improvement, or lack of, in readmission rates in communities.ConclusionsThe CFIR is an appropriate taxonomy for understanding implementation of care coordination interventions in the QIN-QIO communities, with constructs from the Outer Setting and Process domains having the most influence on successful implementation. Communities effectively reducing readmissions had coalitions with favorable implementation climates, robust stakeholder engagement strategies, and interventions aligned with local concerns and capabilities. The CFIR can help guide, monitor and evaluate community-based improvement initiatives, although further development some constructs is needed.
The Correlations Between the Expression of SSTR2, SSTR5 Proteins and Clinicopathological Parameters as well as Prognosis of Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Ye Yanwei , Xiao Chuangfeng , Li Yingze , Shan YiMing , Li Jie , Jiang Dongbao , Li Jingjing , Han Chao , Li Wencai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background： Somatostatin receptor 2, 5 (SSTR2, SSTR5) were seldom investigated in gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (G-NENs). The purpose of the study was to elucidate the expression of SSTR2, SSTR5 in G-NENs and related clinical significance.Methods： 66 paraffin-embedded specimens were obtained from The first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university. The expression of SSTR2 and SSTR5 was detected by immunohistochemistry. The expression of SSTR2, SSTR5 and the clinicopathological characteristics, related immunohistochemical molecules and prognosis of gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm were analyzed statistically.Results： The expression rate of SSTR2 protein in G-NENs tissues and normal stomach tissues was 48.5% and 25.0%, respectively (P=0.046); the expression rate of SSTR5 protein in G-NENs tissues and normal stomach tissues was 65.2% and 25.0% , respectively (P=0.018). The expression of SSTR2 was positively correlated with the expression of Ki-67, SSTR5 and tumor grade (P-value was 0.032, 0.002, and 0.005, respectively); the expression of SSTR5 was positively correlated with the expression of SSTR2, Ki-67, CD-56 and tumor grade (P-value was 0.032, 0.011, 0.008, 0.028, respectively). In the SSTR2-positive group, SSTR5, CD-56, Ki-67 were closely related to the prognosis of patients with G-NENs. In the SSTR5-positive group, tumor grade, SSTR2, CD-56, Ki-67 were closely related to the prognosis of patients with G-NENs. Multi-factor analysis showed that SSTR2 and SSTR5 were independent prognostic factors for patients with G-NENs. Conclusion. High expression of SSTR2 and SSTR5 protein was related to the tumorigenesis of G-NENs. SSTR2 and SSTR5 were associated with the prognosis and might improve the prognosis of G-NENs.
Pleural Fluid GSDMD&nbsp;is a Novel Biomarker for the Early Differential Diagnosis of Pleural Effusion
Authors: Li Pu , Shi Jing , Zhou Lijing , Wang Bo , Zhang Lijun , Duan Liang , Hu Qin , Zhou Xiaolan , Yuan Yuan , Li Dandan , Chen Hong , Zhao Qing , Peng Xuemei , Chen Weixian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction: To accurate differential diagnosis of pleural effusion (PE) is still a big challenge. Gasdermin D (GSDMD), controlling pyroptosis in cells, has multiple physiological functions. The diagnostic role of GSDMD in PE remains unknown.Methods: Sandwich ELISA kits that we developed were applied to measure the level of GSDMD for 335 patients with the definite cause of PE, including transudative pleural effusion, tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE), parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE), and malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Clinical follow up of 40 cases of PPE were conducted and divided into efficacy group and non-efficacy group according to therapeutic outcome. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted to explore the diagnostic and predictive performance of GSDMD. Nucleated cells (NCs) in pleural effusion were isolated and further infected with bacteria to verify the cell source of GSDMD.Results: In this study, there was prominent statistical significance among the concentration of GSDMD in these four groups (all p < 0.0001, except between MPE and PPE). ROC curve indicated that GSDMD can be an efficient biomarker for differential diagnosis of transudative pleural effusion and other groups (all AUC ＞ 0.973). Noteworthily, the highest AUC belonged to tuberculosis diagnosis of 0.990, and the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 97.53%. The combination of GSDMD, adenosine deaminase (ADA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) will further improve the diagnostic efficiency especially between TPE and PPE (AUC = 0.968). The AUC of GSDMD change at day 4 could predict the therapeutic effect at an early stage was 0.945 (P < 0.0001). Interestingly, bacterial infection experiments further confirm that the pleural fluid GSDMD was expressed and secreted mainly by the NCs. Conclusion: GSDMD and its combination not only candidate as the potentially novel biomarkers to separate PEs early and effectively, but also monitor disease progression.
7q35q36.3 Deletion and Concomitant 20q13.2q13.33 Duplication in a Newborn: Familiar Case
Authors: Dell'Edera Domenico , Allegretti Arianna , Rosalba Ardea Dell'Edera , Dell'Edera Maria Teresa , Epifania Annunziata Anna , Mercuri Ludovica , Mitidieri Angela , Simone Francesca , Ventura Mario 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Array-CGH is a powerful tool in identifying and characterizing complex genomic rearrangements when classical cytogenetics approaches are not sensible enough in detecting rearrangements smaller than 5-10 Mb. The use of Array-CGH has increased the detection rate of unbalanced cryptic rearrangements such as deletions and/or duplications of 10-20% We present here the first report of a patient with 7q35q36.3 microdeletion and concomitant 20q13.2q13.33 microduplication detected by array-CGH and confirmed by reiterative FISH experiments associated with dysmorphism, delayed development, Long QT syndrome (LQTS), complex congenital heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, hypotonia, respiratory distress, cognitive deficit. We proved that this unbalanced rearrangement was due to an adjacent-1 segregation inherited by the mother carrier of a balanced translocation between chromosomes 7 and 20.
Evaluating Alteration of Blood Transcriptome Affected by Storage Conditions Using RNA Sequencing
Authors: Koh Eun Jung , Yu So Yeon , Kim Seung Jun , Lee Eun-Il , Hwang Seung Yong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWhole blood is one of the most widely utilized human samples in biological research and is useful for analysing the mechanisms of diverse bio-molecular phenomena. However, owing to its fluidic properties, whole blood is relatively unstable in the frozen state compared to other biopsy samples. Because RNA is structurally unstable, sample damage can severely affect RNA quality, thereby reducing its usability. This study aimed to assess the quality of RNA prepared from blood stored at different temperatures and times prior to freezing, as well as the effect of freezer storage time. ResultsThe quality of the RNA derived from different blood samples was assessed by determining the RNA integrity number and RNA sequencing to identify genes (|fold-change (FC)| > 1.5, p-value < 0.05, false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05) that were differentially expressed between the differently prepared RNA samples. We found that improper sample handling critically influenced both RNA quality and gene expression patterns. In particular, storing blood at room temperature over 12 h before freezing led to RNA degradation. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that expression of the CXCR1 gene was substantially reduced when using impaired RNA. ConclusionsThis study emphasizes the importance of proper sample management for obtaining reliable downstream application outcomes and suggests the CXCR1 gene as a candidate screening marker for RNA damage caused by improper sample handling.
Relationship between Depressive Symptoms and Stress in individuals with infectious history of COVID-19: Mediating Effect of purpose in life
Authors: Zhang Liang , Kong Lingming , Zhang Feilong , Mi Zhiyong , Wang Yongliang , Yan Tao , Zhou Jintao , Wei Dong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Corona Virus Disease 2019 (CVID-19) is spreading across the world and the epidemic is also a great stress event for individuals which may trigger lots of mental health issue. This study aims to investigate the relationship between depressive symptoms and stress in individuals with infectious history of COVID-19 in Wuhan and the mediating effect of purpose in life.Method: A total of 128 individuals with infectious history of COVID-19 who were discharged from designated hospital and furtherly accepted health management of 14-day rehabilitation, isolation and medical observation at Qingshan District Rehabilitation Station in Wuhan were selected for the testing of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Impact of Event Scale (IES) and purpose-in-life test (PLT).Results: The depressive emotion, somatic symptoms and total score of CES-D in male group were significantly lower than that of in female participants (P＜0.001). The total score of CES-D was negatively correlated with all factors of PLT and positively correlated with all factors in IES (P＜0.05 or 0.01). The feeling of life, life goal, intrusiveness and awareness had significant predictive effects on the total score of CES-D(P＜0.05 or 0.01), which could explain 69.3% of variations in the total score of CES-D. The purpose in life played a partial mediating effect between the stress and depressive symptoms in individuals with infectious history of COVID-19, and the mediating effect accounted for 13.33% of the total effect.Conclusions: The females with infectious history of COVID-19 had more severe symptoms of depression. The stress of COVID-19 infectious history had predictive effect on depressive symptoms and purpose in life was mediator between stress and depressive symptoms.
The acquisition of Multi-drug resistant bacteria in patients admitted to COVID-19 intensive care units: a monocentric retrospective case control study
Authors: Bogossian Elisa Gouvêa , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Izzi Antonio , Yin Nicolas , Garufi Alessandra , Hublet Stephane , Nijmi Hassane , Gohram Julie , Byl Baudoin , Brasseur Alexandre , Hites Maya , Vincent Jean-Louis , Creteur Jacques , Grimaldi David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Whether the risk of multidrug resistant bacteria (MDRB) acquisition in the intensive care unit (ICU) is increased during the COVID-19 crisis is unknown. Our aim was to measure the rate of MDRB acquisition in patients admitted in COVID-19 ICU and to compare it with pre-COVID-19 controls.Methods: This single center case control study included adult patients admitted to COVID-19 ICUs for more than 48h. Patients were screen twice a week for MDRB carriage during ICU stay. We compared the rate of MDRB acquisition of COVID-19 patients with a cohort of patients admitted for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and matched on length of ICU stay using a competing risk analysis.Results: Among 72 patients admitted to the COVID-19 ICUs, 24 (33%) patients acquired 31 MDRB during ICU stay. The rate of MDRB acquisition was 30/1000 patient-days. Patients that acquired MDRB had received more antimicrobial therapy [22 (92%) vs 34 (78%, p=0.05] and had a longer exposure time [12 days (8-18) vs 5 days (2-18), p=0.02]. The rate of MDRB acquisition in matched SAH patients was 18/1000 patient-days. When compared to SAH retrospective cohort, being admitted to a COVID-19 ICU was associated with a numerically higher proportion of MDRB acquisition. This association did not reach statistical significance in the multivariable competing risk analysis (sHR 1.71 (CI 95% 0.93-3.21).Conclusion: Acquisition of MDRB was frequent during the COVID-19 first wave in ICU patients. Despite physical isolation, it was similar to patients admitted to the same ICU in previous years.
Development of a risk scoring system for prognostication in HIV-related toxoplasma encephalitis
Authors: Li Yao , Zeng Yanming , Liu Min , Lu Yanqiu , Liu Xueyan , Zhang Yulin , Jiang Zhongsheng , Yang Tongtong , Sun Yan , Lan Ke , Chen Yaokai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to evaluate specific risk factors influencing prognosis of HIV-infected patients with toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) in order to develop a prognostic risk scoring system for them. Methods: This is a six-center retrospective study of hospitalized HIV/TE patients. Data including six-week mortality after diagnosis, baseline characteristics, clinical features, laboratory tests and radiological characteristics of eligible patients were assimilated for risk model establishing.Results: In this study, the six-week mortality among 94 retrospective cases was 11.7% (11/94). Seven specific risk factors, viz. time from symptom onset to presentation, fever, dizziness, CD4+ T-cell counts, memory deficits, patchy brain lesions, and disorders of consciousness were calculated to be statistically associated with mortality. A criterion value of ‘9’ was selected as the optimal cut-off value of the established model. The AUC of the ROC curve of this scoring model was 0.976 (p<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the risk scoring model was 100.0% and 86.9%, respectively, which were 81.8% and 94.1% of this scoring model in the verification cohort, respectively. Conclusions: The developed scoring system was established with simple risk factors, which also allows expeditious implementation of accurate prognostication, and appropriate therapeutic interventions in HIV-infected patients with TE.
Implementation of Medicine Take-back Concept at Community Level in Nepal: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Sapkota Binaya , Giri Anil , Bhatta Bigyan , Awasthi Krishna , Bhurtyal Kiran , Joshi Bimala , Joshi Khem Raj 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Medications are not always completely consumed as purchased from pharmacy due to lack of awareness, forgetfulness. So, most households may have leftover, unwanted, unused and expired (UUE) medicines. They may lead to health hazards and environment pollution. The present study was aimed to analyze feasibility of implementation of medicine take-back in select communities of Nepal.Methods: Exploratory study was conducted among adults (total 400) in Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Kaski, Kanchanpur and Kailali districts from July 2017 to January 2018. Study sites and participants were selected by simple random sampling and respondents were interviewed about their awareness about medicine disposal techniques, possible hazards and their willingness to support take-back program using semi-structured questionnaire. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the relationship of various take-back related outcomes with the predictors. The p-value less than 0.05 was statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Results: The multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that there was significant relationship of health hazards (rashes and diarrhea) among the farmers, engineers, nurse and lawyers (p value <0.01 in each). Land pollution and effect on health of children was significantly related with the inappropriate disposal of medicines such as site of disposal (p value <0.01), river (p value 0.02), garbage (p value 0.04), and dumping site (p value 0.01). The analysis of the willingness to follow take-back program with the techniques of support showed significant relationship with the establishment of collection center and participation on seminar (p value <0.01). Conclusions: Most participants kept UUE medicines in home, disposed with household rubbish and flushed down the sink. They were interested to support take-back, if implemented in their community but the main constraint was the budget. Hence, take-back concept could be initiated and implemented on government funding or other external sources.