bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pharmacological chaperone improves memory by reducing Aβ and tau neuropathology in a mouse model with plaques and tangles
Authors: Li Jian-Guo , Chiu Jin , Ramanjulu Mercy , Blass Benjamin E. , Praticò Domenico 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
The vacuolar protein sorting 35 (VPS35) is a major component of the retromer complex system, an ubiquitous multiprotein assembly responsible for sorting and trafficking protein cargos out of the endosomes. VPS35 can regulate APP metabolism and Aβ formation, and its levels are reduced in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains. We and others demonstrated that VPS35 genetic manipulation modulates the phenotype of mouse models of AD. However, the translational value of this observation remains to be investigated.

Methods
Triple transgenic mice were randomized to receive a pharmacological chaperone, which stabilizes the retromer complex, and the effect on their AD-like phenotype assessed.

Results
Compared with controls, treated mice had a significant improvement in learning and memory, an elevation of VPS35 levels, and improved synaptic integrity. Additionally, the same animals had a significant decrease in Aβ levels and deposition, reduced tau phosphorylation and less astrocytes activation.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that the enhancement of retromer function by pharmacological chaperones is a potentially novel and viable therapy against AD.
A de novo variant in OTX2 in a lamb with otocephaly
Authors: Paris Julia Maria , Letko Anna , Häfliger Irene Monika , Švara Tanja , Gombač Mitja , Klinc Primož , Škibin Andrej , Pogorevc Estera , Drögemüller Cord 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundOtocephaly is a rare lethal malformation of the first branchial arch. While the knowledge on the causes of otocephaly in animals is limited, different syndromic forms in man are associated with variants of thePRRX1andOTX2genes.Case presentationA stillborn male lamb of the Istrian Pramenka sheep breed showed several congenital craniofacial anomalies including microstomia, agnathia, aglossia, and synotia. In addition, the lamb had a cleft palate, a small opening in the ventral neck region, a cystic oesophagus and two hepatic cysts. The brain was normally developed despite the deformed shape of the head. Taken together the findings led to a diagnosis of otocephaly. Whole-genome sequencing was performed from DNA of the affected lamb and both parents revealing a heterozygous single nucleotide variant in theOTX2gene (Chr7: 71478714G > A). The variant was absent in both parents and therefore due to a de novo mutation event. It was a nonsense variant, XM_015097088.2:c.265C > T; which leads to an early premature stop codon and is predicted to truncate more than 70% of theOTX2open reading frame (p.Arg89*).ConclusionsThe genetic findings were consistent with the diagnosis of the otocephaly and provide strong evidence that the identified loss-of-function variant is pathogenic due toOTX2haploinsufficiency. The benefits of trio-based whole-genome sequencing as an emerging tool in veterinary pathology to confirm diagnosis are highlighted.
Motile aeromonads from farmed and wild freshwater fish in northern Italy: an evaluation of antimicrobial activity and multidrug resistance during 2013 and 2016
Authors: Borella Laura , Salogni Cristian , Vitale Nicoletta , Scali Federico , Moretti Vittorio Maria , Pasquali Paolo , Alborali Giovanni Loris 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistant bacteria are emerging biological contaminants of the environment. In aquatic ecosystems, they originate mainly from hospitals, livestock manure and private households sewage water, which could contain antimicrobial agents and resistant microorganisms. Aeromonas spp. occur ubiquitously in aquatic environments and they cause disease in fish. Motile aeromonads are also associated with human gastrointestinal and wound infections and fish can act as a transmission route of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) aeromonads to humans. The environmental ubiquity, the natural susceptibility to antimicrobials and the zoonotic potential of Aeromonas spp. make them optimal candidates for studying the AMR in aquatic ecosystems.

Results
The AMR patterns of 95 motile aeromonads isolated from freshwater fish during 2013 and 2016 were analyzed. All samples from fish came from farms and natural water bodies located in northern Italy, which is an area characterized by high anthropic impact on the environment. The isolates were biochemically identified as Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas sobria or Aeromonas caviae and AMR was determined by the standard disk diffusion method. All isolates were resistant to cloxacillin, spiramycin and tilmicosin. High AMR frequencies (> 95%) were detected for tylosin, penicillin and sulfadiazine. AMR to danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, flumequine, ceftiofur, aminosidine, colistin, doxycycline, gentamicin, marbocyl and florfenicol was observed at low levels (< 10%). No AMR to cefquinome was found. Logistic regression showed several differences in antimicrobial activity between complexes. According to the source of aeromonads, only few differences in AMR between isolates from farmed and wild fish were observed.

Conclusions
Our data revealed an increasing trend of AMR to neomycin and apramycin among Aeromonas isolates during the study period, while resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline and thiamphenicol decreased. All isolates were multidrug resistance (MDR), but A. caviae showed the highest number of MDR per isolate. In most isolates, various degrees of MDR were detected to macrolides, quinolones, fluoroquinolones, polymyxins and cephalosporins (third and fourth generations), which are listed, by the World Health Organisation, to be among the highest priority and critically important antimicrobials in human medicine. Our findings underlined that freshwater fish can act as potential source of MDR motile aeromonads. Due to their zoonotic potential, this can pose serious threat to human health.
French lyophilized plasma versus normal saline for post-traumatic coagulopathy prevention and correction: PREHO-PLYO protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors:   for the PREHO-PLYO Study Group, Jost Daniel , Lemoine Sabine , Lemoine Frederic , Lanoe Vincent , Maurin Olga , Derkenne Clément , Franchin Frattini Marilyn , Delacote Maëlle , Seguineau Edouard , Godefroy Anne , Hervault Nicolas , Delhaye Ludovic , Pouliquen Nicolas , Louis-Delauriere Emilie , Trichereau Julie , Roquet Florian , Salomé Marina , Verret Catherine , Bihannic René , Jouffroy Romain , Frattini Benoit , Hong Tuan Ha Vivien , Dang-Minh Pascal , Travers Stéphane , Bignand Michel , Martinaud Christophe , Garrabe Eliane , Ausset Sylvain , Prunet Bertrand , Sailliol Anne , Tourtier Jean Pierre 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Post-trauma bleeding induces an acute deficiency in clotting factors, which promotes bleeding and hemorrhagic shock. However, early plasma administration may reduce the severity of trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC). Unlike fresh frozen plasma, which requires specific hospital logistics, French lyophilized plasma (FLYP) is storable at room temperature and compatible with all blood types, supporting its use in prehospital emergency care. We aim to test the hypothesis that by attenuating TIC, FLYP administered by prehospital emergency physicians would benefit the severely injured civilian patient at risk for hemorrhagic shock.

Methods/design
This multicenter randomized clinical trial will include adults severely injured and at risk for hemorrhagic shock, with a systolic blood pressure < 70 mmHg or a Shock Index > 1.1. Two parallel groups of 70 patients will receive either FLYP or normal saline in addition to usual treatment. The primary endpoint is the International Normalized Ratio (INR) at hospital admission. Secondary endpoints are transfusion requirement, length of stay in the intensive care unit, survival rate at day 30, usability and safety related to FLYP use, and other biological coagulation parameters.

Conclusion
With this trial, we aim to confirm the efficacy of FLYP in TIC and its safety in civilian prehospital care. The study results will contribute to optimizing guidelines for treating hemorrhagic shock in civilian settings.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02736812. Registered on 13 April 2016. The trial protocol has been approved by the French ethics committee (CPP 3342) and the French Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (IDRCB 2015-A00866–43).
Improved simultaneous co-fermentation of glucose and xylose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae for efficient lignocellulosic biorefinery
Authors: Hoang Nguyen Tran Phuong , Ko Ja Kyong , Gong Gyeongtaek , Um Youngsoon , Lee Sun-Mi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Lignocellulosic biorefinery offers economical and sustainable production of fuels and chemicals. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a promising industrial host for biorefinery, has been intensively developed to expand its product profile. However, the sequential and slow conversion of xylose into target products remains one of the main challenges for realizing efficient industrial lignocellulosic biorefinery.

Results
In this study, we developed a powerful mixed-sugar co-fermenting strain of S. cerevisiae, XUSEA, with improved xylose conversion capacity during simultaneous glucose/xylose co-fermentation. To reinforce xylose catabolism, the overexpression target in the pentose phosphate pathway was selected using a DNA assembler method and overexpressed increasing xylose consumption and ethanol production by twofold. The performance of the newly engineered strain with improved xylose catabolism was further boosted by elevating fermentation temperature and thus significantly reduced the co-fermentation time by half. Through combined efforts of reinforcing the pathway of xylose catabolism and elevating the fermentation temperature, XUSEA achieved simultaneous co-fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysates, composed of 39.6 g L−1 glucose and 23.1 g L−1 xylose, within 24 h producing 30.1 g L−1 ethanol with a yield of 0.48 g g−1.

Conclusions
Owing to its superior co-fermentation performance and ability for further engineering, XUSEA has potential as a platform in a lignocellulosic biorefinery toward realizing a more economical and sustainable process for large-scale bioethanol production.
Correction to: Three novel variants in the arylsulfatase A (ARSA) gene in patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD)
Authors: Hettiarachchi D. , Dissanayake V. H. W. 
Published: January 2020

After publication of the original article [1], the authors became aware of a typographical error in the original Table 1. Nucleotide substitution c.1425C>A corresponding to amino acid change p.(Ala344Asp) should be corrected as c.1031C>A.
Retraction Note: Fixed point theorems for solutions of the stationary Schrödinger equation on cones
Authors: Xue Gaixian , Yuzbasi Eve 
Published: January 2020

The Editors-in-Chief have retracted this article [1] because the results presented are invalid. The article also shows significant overlap with a number of previously published articles [2–5] and evidence of both peer review and authorship manipulation.The authors have not responded to any correspondence regarding this retraction.
Role of 18F-FDG PET-CT in initial staging of hepatocellular carcinoma and its impact on changing clinical decision
Authors: Abdelhalim Heba , Houseni Mohamed , Elsakhawy Mahmoud , Abd Elbary Naser , Elabd Osama 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide. Extrahepatic metastasis from HCC occurs in one third of patients with most common sites being the lungs, lymph nodes, bone, and adrenal glands. Various conventional imaging modalities like ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and bone scan are used in the diagnosis and staging of HCC. Recently, PET performed with fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) has proved valuable in providing important tumor-related qualitative and quantitative metabolic information that is critical to the diagnosis and staging of the disease. This article aims to show the role of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the initial staging of HCC and its impact on changing clinical decision.

Main text
We discussed the previous studies on the ability of 18F-FDG PET-CT to detect HCC, vascular invasion, regional and distant metastasis. We also studied the relation between the histopathologic grading of HCC and its detectability by 18F-FDG PET-CT.

Conclusions
18F-FDG PET-CT has proved valuable in HCC staging and has a great impact on the clinical decision for HCC treatment.
Portal Venous Metabolite Profiling After RYGB in Male Rats Highlights Changes in Gut-Liver Axis
Authors: Stefater Margaret A , Pacheco Julian A , Bullock Kevin , Pierce Kerry , Deik Amy , Liu Enju , Clish Clary , Stylopoulos Nicholas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, the intestine undergoes structural and metabolic reprogramming and appears to enhance use of energetic fuels including glucose and amino acids (AAs), changes that may be related to the surgery’s remarkable metabolic effects. Consistently, RYGB alters serum levels of AAs and other metabolites, perhaps reflecting mechanisms for metabolic improvement. To home in on the intestinal contribution, we performed metabolomic profiling in portal venous (PV) blood from lean, Long Evans rats after RYGB vs sham surgery. We found that one-carbon metabolism (OCM), nitrogen metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism were significantly enriched in PV blood. Nitrogen, OCM, and sphingolipid metabolism as well as ubiquinone biosynthesis were also overrepresented among metabolites uniquely affected in PV vs peripheral blood in RYGB-operated but not sham-operated animals. Peripheral blood demonstrated changes in AA metabolism, OCM, sphingolipid metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Despite enrichment for many of the same pathways, the overall metabolite fingerprint of the 2 compartments did not correlate, highlighting a unique role for PV metabolomic profiling as a window into gut metabolism. AA metabolism and OCM were enriched in peripheral blood both from humans and lean rats after RYGB, demonstrating that these conserved pathways might represent mechanisms for clinical improvement elicited by the surgery in patients. Together, our data provide novel insight into RYGB’s effects on the gut-liver axis and highlight a role for OCM as a key metabolic pathway affected by RYGB.
Unique Sex Steroid Profiles in Estrogen-Producing Adrenocortical Adenoma Associated With Bilateral Hyperaldosteronism
Authors: Tezuka Yuta , Yamazaki Yuto , Ono Yoshikiyo , Morimoto Ryo , Omata Kei , Seiji Kazumasa , Takase Kei , Kawasaki Yoshihide , Ito Akihiro , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Harigae Hideo , Sasano Hironobu , Satoh Fumitoshi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Because of its rarity, our understanding of steroidogenesis in estrogen-producing adrenocortical adenoma, including the response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation, remains limited. A 65-year-old man was referred to us because of primary aldosteronism and a right adrenal tumor. Endocrinological evaluations revealed secondary hypogonadism due to hyperestrogenemia. Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) and subsequent liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) indicated bilateral hyperaldosteronism and a right estrogen-producing adrenocortical tumor. He subsequently underwent right unilateral adrenalectomy, which resulted in clinical remission of hypogonadism. Subsequent histopathological analysis identified a right estrogen-producing adrenocortical adenoma and multiple, concomitant adrenocortical micronodules. Sequential evaluation of steroid profiles using LC-MS/MS revealed unique hormone production, including adrenal androgens, and less responsiveness to ACTH in the right estrogen-producing adrenocortical adenoma as compared to the nonneoplastic adrenal cortex. This case study revealed unique profiles of steroid production in estrogen-producing adrenocortical adenoma associated with concomitant primary aldosteronism. Sequential steroid profiling analysis using LC-MS/MS in combination with AVS can contribute to the diagnosis of various adrenal disorders.
Κειμενικό παλίμψηστο διακόσμου και διαδραστική αφήγηση. Μια κοντινή ανάγνωση στη δημόσια σφαίρα.
Authors: Μερμίγκη Δήμητρα 
Published: January 2020

Urban ornamentation serve as the canvas for expressing the readmission of ideological and emotional – aesthetics realms in «Public Sphere». The Greek word «diakosmos» stands for ornament; from an etymological standpoint diakosmos describes the relationship between different realms (cosmos) of existence and the journey across. Artists and public are interconnected with the up-to-date idea of «flaneur» and play this game by their own aesthetic creations in the city field through the «diakosmos» by an interactive narrative.
Caracterización de la violencia en la relación de pareja en el contexto de la minería aurífera en dos municipios de influencia del páramo de Santurbán
Authors: Andrade Manjarres Lucia , Alvarez Orozco René , Valencia Atuesta Yinny Paola 
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo parte de una investigación que pretende describir y analizar la forma como se configura la violencia de pareja contra la mujer en los municipios de Vetas y California entre los años 2008 a 2015 desde el análisis estadístico y de discurso. En los municipios de Vetas y California se han venido generando una serie de conflictos socio-ambientales resultado del interés de explotación de los recursos minerales de la región. El proyecto desarrollado por la UIS plantea adentrarse en análisis de los conflictos sociales expresados a través de la violencia de pareja y de género contra la mujer y su relación con la explotación aurífera. Se encontró la existencia de tres factores que subyacen a la violencia de pareja contra la mujer en Vetas y California: Una fuerte división sexual del trabajo, la minería y un alto consumo de alcohol. Las autoridades deben crear políticas públicas en estos municipios que den cuenta de la afectación del conflicto socioambiental en Santurban a la mujeres de la zona y su garantía a vivir una vida libre de violencias.
Stabilized Benders Methods for Large-Scale Combinatorial Optimization, with Application to Data Privacy
Authors: Baena Daniel , Castro Jordi , Frangioni Antonio 
Published: January 2020

The cell-suppression problem (CSP) is a very large mixed-integer linear problem arising in statistical disclosure control. However, CSP has the typical structure that allows application of the Benders decomposition, which is known to suffer from oscillation and slow convergence, compounded with the fact that the master problem is combinatorial. To overcome this drawback, we present a stabilized Benders decomposition whose master is restricted to a neighborhood of successful candidates by local-branching constraints, which are dynamically adjusted, and even dropped, during the iterations. Our experiments with synthetic and real-world instances with up to 24,000 binary variables, 181 million (M) continuous variables, and 367M constraints show that our approach is competitive with both the current state-of-the-art code for CSP and the Benders implementation in CPLEX 12.7. In some instances, stabilized Benders provided a very good solution in less than 1 minute, whereas the other approaches found no feasible solution in 1 hour. This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Index Policies and Performance Bounds for Dynamic Selection Problems
Authors: Brown David B. , Smith James E. 
Published: January 2020

We consider dynamic selection problems, where a decision maker repeatedly selects a set of items from a larger collection of available items. A classic example is the dynamic assortment problem with demand learning, where a retailer chooses items to offer for sale subject to a display space constraint. The retailer may adjust the assortment over time in response to the observed demand. These dynamic selection problems are naturally formulated as stochastic dynamic programs (DPs) but are difficult to solve because the optimal selection decisions depend on the states of all items. In this paper, we study heuristic policies for dynamic selection problems and provide upper bounds on the performance of an optimal policy that can be used to assess the performance of a heuristic policy. The policies and bounds that we consider are based on a Lagrangian relaxation of the DP that relaxes the constraint limiting the number of items that may be selected. We characterize the performance of the Lagrangian index policy and bound and show that, under mild conditions, these policies and bounds are asymptotically optimal for problems with many items; mixed policies and tiebreaking play an essential role in the analysis of these index policies and can have a surprising impact on performance. We demonstrate these policies and bounds in two large scale examples: a dynamic assortment problem with demand learning and an applicant screening problem. This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Accidental Administration of Auto-Injectable Adrenaline into a Digit
Authors: Wanis Christine , Jawad Huda , Moore Richard J , Burke Julie 
Published: January 2020

General Dental Practitioners (GDPs) and Dental Care Professionals (DCPs) have a duty of care to ensure that patient safety is at the forefront of their clinical practice. Medical emergencies, although rare, can occur in the dental setting, and early, effective management of these emergencies can, not only save lives, but also improve long-term outcomes. A case is reported which highlights a safety incident involving accidental self-administration of an adrenaline auto-injector (AAI) into a digit during a medical emergencies training session. Consequently, the aim is to raise awareness of these unexpected safety incidences and propose a protocol for the treatment of such injuries. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This paper highlights the importance of vigilance when undertaking a medical emergency training course, and the introduction of a new protocol to be used in cases of accidental AAI injury.
A Review of Head and Neck Clinical Anatomy for the General Dental Practitioner
Authors: Wali Rana , Halai Tina , Koshal Sonita 
Published: January 2020

Knowledge of structures of the head and neck is an important aspect of safe and effective daily clinical practice. This article will review the relevant anatomy for the assessment of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) and associated structures, delivery of local anaesthesia, understanding routes of spread of odontogenic infections and avoidance of anatomical complications in dento-alveolar surgery. CPD/Clinical Relevance: To recap key clinically relevant basics of head and neck anatomy.