bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ناسنامه‌ وه‌ك لێكه‌وته‌یه‌كی تاراوگه‌
Authors: كەیفی محەمەد عەزیز یادگار ڕەسوڵ حەمەدەمین & 
Published: January 2020

Abstract:
The abstract of this paper is part of a PhD. Thesis, and for the purpose of publishing an extracted study, we presented Identity as an Exile Aftermath with Reference to some Kurdish novels as its title. The impacts of identity towards the details of exile has been shown in the AbdullAllah Sarajʼs WNGA , Farhad Peerbalʼs Hotel Awrupa, Ahmad Malaʼs Panahanda, Deedar Maseefiʼs Elshya and Rewas Ahmadʼs Zhin. This paper focused on the conditions of being exile, people's daily lives with those who are indigenous peoples and those who, just like them, are exiled .Further, it points out how they showed their identity as a way to defend themselves not to lose their identity among the foreign nations over there. They employed identity as a tool for their existence. For this purpose, those who have been exiled used their individual identity as well as their national identity.

Key words: Assimilation and Integration, Discrimination, Association, Self-Identity, National-Identity.
The نمونه‌ گه‌لێكى په‌رستراوه‌كان له‌ بڕواى ئايينى عێراقيه‌ دێرينه‌كان و هاوتاكانيان له‌ جيهانى ده‌وربه‌ر
Authors: Ali Muhamad Amin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This study entitled “ Example of idols in religious belief among ancient Iraqis and their counterparts in the surrounding world”, highlights on some natural phenomena affecting the population of ancient Iraq and other areas, which became sacred and goddess later.
The study also attempted to address the natural phenomena and the nature, characteristics and functions of these idols, in addition to focusing on other things related to these idols. In addition to six axes in addition to the findings of the study.
Evaluation of Water Quality and the Efficiency of Ifraz-2 Water treatment plant-Units
Authors: Omar Imad Ali 
Published: January 2020

Abstract:
Water treatment plant (WTP) is essential for providing clean and safe water to the habitants. There is a necessity to evaluate the performance of (WTP) for proper treatment of raw water. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the quality of treated water by investigating the performance of Ifraz-2 (WTP) units located in Erbil City, Iraq. For assessment of the (WTP) units, samples were taken for a duration of five months from different locations: raw water (the source), post-clarification processes, post-filtration processes, and from the storage tank. Removal efficiencies for the units, and for the whole (WTP) were calculated and presented. Obtained removal efficiencies for the sedimentation unit; filtration unit; and the entire Ifraz-2 (WTP) were 91.51 %, 64.71 %, and 97.29 %, respectively. After the process of disinfection and storage, the valued of the turbidity of the treated water were ranged from 1.2 to 9.7 (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) NTU. Besides, water quality index (WQI) for the (WTP) was studied and calculated for 14 physicochemical water quality parameters. WQI for Ifraz-2 (WTP) was 51.87 and it is regarded as a good level. Also, operational problems have been detected and reported during the research period, especially during sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Suitable solutions have been reported to the operational team.
The Rhetorical study of the longest Quranic verse
Authors: Mustafa Abdullatif Ahmed 
Published: January 2020

This paper is a rhetorical study of a single verse of the Qur’an. Which is the verse of debts. It is the longest verse of the Qura'n. It contains many splendid rules and great values. that this verse is one of the most Comprehensive verses of the Qur’an. It makes the life of people more organised and ensures a good destiny in the hereafter. Allah exalted has emphasised good treatment which is the main aspect of Islam and its pillar. He overstated the recommendation to maintain halal money and the methods which need to be taken to keep it safe from being destroyed. Therefore, it includes forms of assertions. The paper shows that this verse contains more than twenty rhetorical methods as follows:

1. In intents and purposes for which the predicate is delivered, one example is included.
2. In how the speaker delivers the predicate to the addressee it included six examples.
3. In construction and its divisions it has more than ten examples.
4. It includes six examples of Commemoration.
5. It Includes nine examples of deletion.
6. It Includes one example of fronting.
7. It includes one example of masquerade
8. It Includes one example of restriction.
9. It Includes few examples of changing the topic.
10. It Includes one example of replacing the implicit with the explicit.
11. It Includes five examples of brevity.
12. It Includes few examples of redundancy.
13. It Includes one example of simile.
14. It Includes two examples of allegory.
15. It Includes one example of metaphor.
16. It Includes one example of Metonymy.
17. It Includes two examples of antithesis.
18. It Includes one example of combining two things onwards in one thing.
19. It Includes one example of good conclusion.
20. It Includes one example of rhymed proses.
21. It Includes six examples of paronomasia.

All these rhetorical aspects indicate the inimitability of the Quran and it is from Allah which no other speeches can be equal to it due to its altitude, perfection and beauty.
Evaluation of epizootic situation on arthritis-encephalitis of goats in novosibirsk region
Authors: Onishchenko I. S. , Pen’kova I. N. , Balybina N. Yu. , Leonova M. A , Koptev V. Yu. 
Published: January 2020

The analysis of the epizootic situation for viral arthritis-encephalitis of goats in the territory of Novosibirsk region was carried out. No speciﬁ c prophylaxis for this disease has been developed, so the earliest diagnostic methods, as well as the study of its epizootology, are relevant. The studies were conducted in 2019. To study the distribution of goats that are positively responsive to viral arthritis-encephalitis, 198 blood serum samples were taken from goats of various genders, breeds and ages in private farm households and farm enterprises located on the territory of Novosibirsky, Iskitimsky, Ordynsky, Kochenevsky, Moshkovsky and Maslyaninsky districts of Novosibirsk region. In order to study the presence of antibodies to goat arthrit-isencephalitis virus in diagnostic titers, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used with the antibody detection kit against MVV / CAEV in goat serum (ID Screen® MVV / CAEV Indirect Screening test). Of the 198 animals examined, 86 were found to have diagnostically signiﬁ cant titers of antibodies to the goat arthritis- encephalitis virus, which was 43.4% of the studied population. The result for two goats was uncertain, which amounted to 1%. The remaining animals (55.6%) had no antibodies to goat arthritis-encephalitis virus in their blood serum. The maximum number of positively reacting animals was noted in Novosibirsky district – 66.7%. The Maslyaninsky district was second according to the degree of virus carrying, whereby 47.5% of blood serum samples of goats showed a high titer of antibodies to the goat arthritis-encephalitis virus. The data obtained indicate that at least ﬁ ve districts of the Novosibirsk Region have foci of goat arthritis-encephalitis virus.
Susceptibility of different species of lepidoptera insects to strain Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. aizawai
Authors: Andreeva I. V. , Shatalova E. I. , Kalmykova G V. , Akulova N. I. , Ulyanova E. G. 
Published: January 2020

The results of assessing the effect of Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. aizawai strain on ﬁ ve species of lepidopteran pests (Lepidoptera) belonging to different families are presented. The mortality of larvae infected with B. thuringiensis strain varied signiﬁ cantly depending on the species of insect. In four species: the cabbage white butterﬂ y (Pieris brassicae L.), the cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae L.), the greater wax moth (Galleria melonella L.) and the black-veined white (Aporia crataegi L.), death of individuals was noted on the second day of the experiment. However, mortality rate was signiﬁ cantly different between species and increased over time. The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.) was more susceptible to the pathogen. Signiﬁ cant mortality of the larvae of this phytophage was observed already on the ﬁ rst day after infection; while on the second day of the experiment all individuals died. Lethal time LT90 of more resistant species (black-veined white) and more sensitive ones (diamondback moth) differed sevenfold. Semi-lethal concentrations of B. thuringiensis strain for the tested insect species were determined: on the third day of the experiment, lethal concentration LC50 for the cabbage moth larvae, the greater wax moth and blackveined white ranged from 1.7 to 4.5 × 108 spores/ ml. For the cabbage white butterﬂ y, it was much lower (1.8×107 spores/ml). For diamondback moth caterpillars, LC50 was 4.25×107 spores/ml already one day after infection. It was noted that the speciﬁ city of B. thuringiensis strain is associated with various mechanisms of insect protection from pathogens, and is due to individual characteristics of the species. In particular, the pH of excrement of intact caterpillars of the cabbage white butterﬂ y, a species sensitive to B. thuringiensis, was 2 times higher than that of caterpillars of the greater wax moth – 8.9 and 4.3, respectively, which is one of the reasons for the susceptibility (or resistance) of the species to bacterial entomopathogen.
Teknik koleksi dan analisa cairan serebrospinal pada hewan kecil
Authors: Pawitri Diah , Kristiawan Deon Wibatsu 
Published: January 2020

Cairan serebrospinal (Cerebrospinal Fluid/CSF) terdapat pada otak dan sumsum tulang belakang yang dilapisi oleh lapisan meninges. Penyakit yang terjadi pada daerah ini dapat menyebabkan perubahan karakteristik pada cairan cerebrospinal. Analisa CSF merupakan bagian dari evaluasi diagnostik hewan yang memiliki indikasi adanya gangguan neurologik terutama seperti meningitis, ensefalitis dan myelitis yang memengaruhi sistem syaraf pusat, meninges dan sekitarnya, serta akar syaraf. Cairan serebrospinal dapat dikoleksi dengan metode atlanto-occipital cistern puncture dan lumbar puncture. Hewan diberikan anastesi general dan dibaringkan sternal atau lateral recumbency untuk memudahkan proses koleksi CSF. Cairan serebrospinal dapat di analisa melalui tampilan cairan, biokimia dan sitologi. Pengetahuan mengenahi teknik pengambilan CSF diperlukan untuk meminimalkan resiko cedera syaraf dan hal yang berkaitan dengan metodenya secara singkat dibahas dalam tulisan ini.
Pengaruh Kemandirian Belajar Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa SMP Kota Bandung
Authors: Mayasari Mayasari , Rosyana Tina 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kemandirian belajar terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis tingkat SMP. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah korelasional berdasarkan pendekatan kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara kemandirian belajar terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dan jika ada seberapa besar humbungan antar keduanya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu di salah satu SMP Negeri di Kota Bandung dengan sampel yang diambil adalah seluruh kelas VII-B Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian terdiri dari 5 butir soal tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis serta angket kemandirian belajar yang terdiri dari 28 pernyataan. Berdasakan hasil yang diperoleh bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif antara kemandirian belajar siswa SMA dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis sebesar 17% dipengaruhi oleh kemandirian belajar dan 83 % dipengaruhi oleh faktor lainnya.
Kata kunci : kemandirian belajar dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis

This study aims to determine the effect of learning independence on junior high school mathematical problem solving abilities. The method used in the study is correlational based on a quantitative approach that aims to determine whether there is a relationship between learning independence towards mathematical problem solving abilities and if there is how much the relationship between the two. The population in this study is in one of the state junior high schools in the city of Bandung with the samples taken are all class VII-B Instruments used in the study consisted of 5 items test questions mathematical problem-solving ability and learning independence questionnaire consisting of 28 statements. Based on the results obtained that there is a positive relationship between the independence of learning high school students with mathematical problem solving abilities of 17% influenced by learning independence and 83% influenced by other factors.
Keywords : learning independence and mathematical problem solving abilities
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMK Kelas X Melalui Pendekatan Open Ended Pada Materi Trigonometri
Authors: Maryani Neni , Marlina Nani , Amelia Risma 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa SMK melalui pembelajaran open ended. Metode yang digunakan yaitu kualitatif dan jenis penelitian ini merupakan tindakan kelas. Populasi semua siswa di salah satu sekolah SMKswasta di Kota Cimahi sedangkan sampelnya kelas X RPL B yang berjumlah 30 siswa. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan observasi, catatan di lapangan, instrumen berupa tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif dengan jumlah 4 butir soal dengan indikator (1) kelancaran, (2) kelenteruran, (3) keaslian, (4) keterincian/elaborasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa semua kriteria kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematik mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan melalui pembelajaran open ended dengan peningkatan pada indikator (1) kelancaran meningkat dari 35% menjadi 66,5%. (2) kelenturan meningkat dari 25,5% menjadi 60,6%. (3) keaslian meningkat dari 40,2% menjadi 64,8%. (4) keterincian/elaborasi meningkat dari 30% menjadi 55,5%
Kreativitas Siswa Produk Kurikulum 2013
Authors: Ruziana Diyas , Prihatnani Erlina 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRAK
Kurikulum merupakan jawaban pendidikan akan tantangan abad 21. Salah satu keterampilan yang perlu diasah untuk menghadapi abad 21 adalah kreativitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pencapaian kreativitas dari pelaksanaan kurikulum 2013. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 12 siswa kelas XII yang telah mengalami kurikulum 2013 selama periode kurang lebih 5 tahun (dari kelas VII sampai XII). Analisis hasil tes kreativitas siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal mengenai pola menunjukan bahwa untuk aspek kelancaran, setiap subjek memenuhi dengan 8,3% subjek memliki tingkat kelancaran yang lebih baik disbanding subjek lainnya. Pada aspek kelenturan, tidak semua subjek memenuhi, namun sebagian (50%) subjek memenuhi aspek kelenturan. Pada aspek kebaharuan, setiap subjek memenuhi dengan 8,3% subjek memiliki tingkat kebaharuan yang lebih baik dari subjek lainnya. Adapun pada aspek penguraian, setiap subjek memenuhi aspek penguraian. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara keseluruhan subjek pada kurikulum 2013 termasuk dalam kategori kreatif.
Kata kunci: Kreativitas, Kurikulum 2013
ABSTRACT
The curriculum is the answer to education for the challenges of the 21st century. One of the skills that needs to be honed to face the 21st century is creativity. This study aims to see the creativity achievement of the 2013 curriculum implementation. The subjects in this study were 12 students of class XII who had experienced the 2013 curriculum for a period of approximately 5 years (from grades VII to XII). Analysis of the results of tests of students' creativity in solving questions about patterns shows that for aspects of fluency, each subject fulfills 8.3% of subjects having a better level of fluency than other subjects. In the aspect of flexibility, not all subjects meet, but some (50%) subjects meet the aspect of flexibility. In the aspect of renewal, each subject fulfills 8.3% of subjects having a better level of renewal than other subjects. As for the decomposition aspect, each subject fulfills the decomposition aspect. Based on these results it can be concluded that overall the subjects in the 2013 curriculum are included in the creative category.
Keywords: Creativity, Curriculum 2013
Analisis Kemampuan Peserta Didik Smp di Bangkinang Melalui Penyelesaian Soal Pisa 2015
Authors: Zulfah Zulfah 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kemampuan penalaran peserta didik SMP di bangkinang yang berumur 14 – 15 tahun melalui penyelesaian soal PISA 2015 yang merupakan soal bertaraf internasional yangmana sebelumnya tidak pernah diberikan soal PISA 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan kualitatif dipilih dengan tujuan mengungkap secara lebih cermat kesalahan peserta didik dalam menyelesaikan soal PISA 2015. Selain itu, dengan pendekatan kualitatif peneliti dapat berkomunikasi langsung dengan responden untuk mengetahui kemampuan matematis peserta didik melalui penyelesaian soal PISA 2015. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan pada 120 orang peserta didik dengan menyelesaikan soal PISA 2015 pada kategori soal kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik, sebagian besar pesera didik tidak bisa menjawab soal tersebut. Kendala terbesar yang dialami adalah peserta didik tidak mengetahui langkah penyelesaian yang harus dilakukan dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang diberikan. Pada soal kategori kemampuan penalaran, dimana soalnya masih bersifat penalaran induktif, maka peserta didik mampu menjawab dengan baik, namun untuk penalaran deduktif peserta didik tidak mampu memberikan kemungkinan jawabannya.
Penafsiran atas Makna Agama di dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 Menurut Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 97/PUU-XIV/2016 dan Nomor 140/PUU-VII/2009
Authors: Sihombing Uli Parulian 
Published: January 2020

Artikel ini membahas penafsiran terhadap makna agama di dalam konstitusi, yang mana terdapat perbedaan dalam penafsiran makna agama tersebut yaitu menurut Putusan MK Nomor 97/PUU-XIV/2016 agama di masyarakat adat (penghayat kepercayaan) termasuk ke dalam makna agama di dalam konstitusi, sementara menurut Putusan MK Nomor 140/PUU-VII/2009 agama di masyarakat adat tidak termasuk ke dalam pengertian agama di dalam konstitusi. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, dan penafsiran historis. Berdasarkan asas hukum lex prosterior derogat legi priori menegaskan Putusan MK Nomor 97/PUU-XIV/2016 yang diputuskan oleh MK belakangan mengesampingkan berlakunya Putusan MK Nomor 140/PUU-VII/2009.This article is intended to discuss interpretation on the religion meaning in the Constitution where there is a different result of interpretation to the meaning of the religion in the Constitution according to the Constitutional Court Decision Number 97/PUU-XIV/2016 and the Constitutional Court Decision Number 140/PUU-VII/2009. The Constitutional Court Decision Number 140/PUU-VII/2009 says the religion in the indigenous community (the Penghayat Kepercayaan) is not part of the religion meaning in the Constitution, but according to the Constitutional Court Decision Number 97/PUU-IV/2016 the religion in the indigenous community is part of the religion meaning in the Constitution. Finally, a law principle of Lex Posterior Derogat Legi Priori is applied to such legal issue where the Constitutional Court Decision Number 97/PUU-XIV/2016 overrules the Constitutional Court Decision Number 140/PUU-VII/2009.
KNOWLEDGE AND ACTION OF FARMERS IN COFFEE CONTROL OF PLANT CUTTING ORGANISM ON AGRO FORESTRY IN SUKASARI, SUMEDANG DISTRICT, WEST JAVA
Authors: THORIQ AHMAD 
Published: January 2020

Teknik budidaya kopi berperan penting terhadap produktivitas biji kopi yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi mengenai pengetahuan, dan tindakan petani dalam budidaya tanaman kopi di Desa Genteng Kecamatan Sukasari Kabupaten Sumedang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei langsung dengan menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur untuk mendapatkan data primer, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi pemerintah. Pemilihan lokasi survei dilakukan secara terpilih (purposive). Data yang diperoleh disajikan secara deskriptif dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan χ2 (chi-square). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 66,67 % petani kopi berada pada usia 15 – 49 tahun (sangat produktif), dengan tingkat pendidikan 63,33 % lulusan Sekolah Dasar (SD), dan tanggungan keluarga 2 - 4 orang. Rata –rata luas kebun kopi setiap petani adalah 7.500 m2 dengan usia tanaman rata-rata 4 tahun dan menghasilkan penghasilan rata-rata Rp.5.710.619 /KK/ha/tahun. Sebagian besar petani (78%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang budidaya tanaman kopi, sedangkan 18% petani yang memiliki pengetahuan sedang dan 4% petani memiliki pengetahuan rendah namun hanya 54% tindakan petani yang telah menerapkan teknik budidaya kopi yang baik sesuai dengan anjuran. Tingkat pengetahuan petani berkolerasi dengan usia dan pengalaman usaha tani sedangkan tindakan petani berkorelasi dengan tingkat pendidikan.
Effect of Urea and SP-36 on the Growth of Grafted Rubber Seedling (Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg.) Clone PB 260
Authors: Helilinawati Helilinawati , Sutejo Hery , Fatah Abdul 
Published: January 2020

The aim of research to determine the effect of urea and SP-36 fertilizer as well as their interaction on the graftedrubber seedling growth, and to find appropriate doses of urea and SP-36 fertilizers for better growth of grafted rubber seedlings.The research was conducted from February 2015 until May 2015 in the village of Empas, Sub District of Melak, West Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan Province.The study design used was completely randomized design (CRD) in a factorial 4 x 4, and repeat 3 times, which comprises two factors research. The first factor was Urea (N), consisted of four levels, namely: no urea application or control (n0), 2,5g/polybag (n1), 5g/polybag (n2), and 7,5g/polybag (n3). The second factor was SP-36 fertilizer (P), consisting of 4 levels, namely: no SP-36 fertilizers application or control (p0), 2,5g/polybag (p1), 5g/polybag (p2), and 7,5g/polybag (p3).The results showed that the treatment of urea (N) affects highly significant on the plant height at ages of 2, 3 and 4 months after grafting, number of leaf at 4 months after grafting and stem diameter at 3 and 4 months after grafting. It affected significantly on the number of leaf at 3 months after grafting. But it did not affect significantly on the number of leaf at 2 months after grafting, and stem diameter at 2 months after grafting.SP-36 fertilizer treatments (P) affected very significantlyon the stem diameter at 3 and 4 months after grafting. It affected significantly on the plant height at 4 months after grafting. But it did not affect significantly on the seedling height at 2 and 3 months after grafting, number of leaves at 2, 3 and 4 months after grafting, and stem diameter at 2 months after grafting.The interaction treatment (NXP) affected significantly on the stem diameter at 4 months after grafting. But it did not affect significantly on the seedling height at 2, 3 and 4 months after grafting, number of leaves at 2, 3 and 4 months after grafting, and stem diameter at 2 and 3 months after grafting