bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Chemically-Treated Carbonized Wood Fiber (CWF) in Polyethylene Oxide (PEO)/Chitosan Blend Films
Authors: M Hanif M. P. , Jalilah A. J. , Nitiyah K. K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of acid/alkaline-treated carbonized wood fiber (CWF) in polyethylene oxide (PEO)/Chitosan (70/30) blend film prepared by solution casting. We investigated the electrical conductivity, crystallinity percentage, crystal orientation, tensile properties, and morphology of the blend films filled with 25 wt% of untreated and acid/alkaline-treated CWF. From the results, the film filled with acid-treated CWF displayed the highest electrical conductivity when compared to the films filled with untreated and alkali-treated CWF. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) diffractograms reveal that the film filled with acid-treated CWF has the lowest crystallinity than the films filled untreated and alkaline-treated CWF. The reduction in d-spacing for the films filled treated CWF suggested improved crystal orientation for the promotion of electron transfer. The tensile properties were not affected much by the incorporation of CWF regardless of untreated or treated filler. The films with treated CWF showed slightly lower tensile strength and modulus but slightly higher elongation at break. The tensile results agree with reduced crystallinity for the blend films with both acid and alkaline treated CWF. The surface morphology of the films investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also displayed better dispersion of the conducting CWF inside the PEO/Chitosan matrix for the blends with treated CWF. The improved dispersion is due to less blockage with the presence of more amorphous regions. The presence of a broad network bridge smoothens the transfer of electrons and increases electrical conductivity.
Evaluation on physical and chemical properties of treated industrial wastewater sludge containing latex and heavy metals using ordinary Portland cement via stabilization / solidification technique
Authors: Abdul Rani A L , Rashid N A , Abdullah M A H , Omar M F 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Industrial wastewater sludge containing latex collected from rubber industry wastewater treatment plant has classified the waste as scheduled waste due to high concentration of selected heavy metals within it. Laboratory scale of special treatment via solidification/stabilization (S/S) technique has been performed to the waste by using ordinary Portland cement. The objective of this research is to evaluate the chemical properties of the raw waste using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and physical properties related to unconfined compressive strength (UCS) performance of stabilised/solidified (s/s) cube specimens. Other factors took into consideration include the curing condition using air and water immersion curing technique, waste addition percentage, specimen age and density. The fresh mix prepared were cast in plastic moulds internal dimension of 50 mm3 producing cubical shape specimens and cured approximately 24 to 48 hours. The prepared specimen batches are A1 (90% OPC + 10% waste), A2 (70% OPC + 30% waste), A3 (50% OPC + 50% waste). Chemical analyses using XRF indicates that raw sludge contains approximately several heavy metals such as Aluminium (30%), Phosphorus, P (17.5%) and Zinc, Zn (11.7%). UCS testing were conducted on 7 and 28 days of specimen age. Positive average compressive strength results of 7 day air cured specimens reach 5.25 MPa, 5.28 MPa, and 2.16 MPa for A1, A2 and A3. Next, 28 days air cured specimens results are 9.59 MPa, 8.01 MPa, and 1.46 MPa for A1, A2, and A3 respectively. As for water immersion, the compressive strengths are 8.19 MPa, 4.93 MPa, and 1.90 MPa for 7 days, and 7.75 MPa, 10.10 MPa, and 2.11 MPa for 28 days at respective A1, A2 and A3 sequence. Based on the UCS performance, the tested specimens surpassed the minimum requirement for secured landfill disposal which is at 1 MPa.
Design 5.0 µm Gap Aluminium Interdigitated Electrode for Sensitive pH Detection
Authors: Afnan Uda M.N. , Bahari Jambek Asral , Hashim U. , Uda M.N.A. , Parmin N.A. , Bakar A.H.A , Anuar Aminudin , Bakar M.A.A. , Sulaiman M.K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of the research study to design high sensitive biosensor for medical applications. IDE pattern was designed using AutoCAD software with 5 µm ginger gap. The fabrication process was done using a conventional photolithography process and standard CMOS process. The fabricated electrode was physically characterized using a low power microscope (LPM) and a high power microscope (HPM). The electrically validated through I-V measurements and chemically tested with different pH buffer solutions. Al IDE was well fabricated with 0.1 µm tolerance between the design mask and fabricated IDEs. Electrical measurements confirmed that IDE was well fabricated without any shortage and results of similar IDE samples were confirmed that the repeatability of the device. The extremely small current variations in nano ampere range were quantitatively detected using an extra small volume of 2 µl for different pH buffer solutions. It is confirmed that IDEs are sensitive in both alkali and hydroxyl ions medium.
Fabrication and Characterizations of Poly-Si Nanowire Biosensor using Conventional Photolithography Technique for Detection of Dengue Virus DNA Type 2 (DENV-2)
Authors: Shazereen Azlan Aidil , Nuzaihan Md Nor Mohammad , Khairuddin Md Arshad Mohd , Amirah Basyarah Wan , Ibau Conlathan , Faris Mohamad Fathil Mohamad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNowadays, nanotechnology has become a vast expanding application which can be used all across the science field such as chemistry, biology, physic, material science and engineering. In this paper, a poly-Si nanowire biosensor was fabricated by using the conventional photolithography technique. In addition, this technique is used to define the initial poly-Si with the dimension of 1 μm. After the conventional photolithography process, the photoresist undergone the development using resist developer and etched with reactive ion etching (RIE). Meanwhile, for the electrical part, it was observable that there was an increase in current when the nanowire has been hybridized with Dengue DNA type-2 (DENV-2) ranging from 10 fM - 10 μM. The morphology of the poly-Si nanowire was characterized by optical microscopy whilst electrically characterized by measuring the two-terminal current-voltage (I-V) characteristic.
Rice Bran Protein Powder Production Using Spray Drying Technique: Effect of Temperature, Feed Flowrate and Air Flowrate
Authors: Rizuan Mansor Mohd , Surya Krishnan Timothy , Sharizan Md Sarip Mohd , Afandi Saidi Syahrul 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Abstract.Rice bran is quite a novel subject in the food and pharmaceutical research area. It is the by-product of the rice milling process that is rich in proteins and many other nutrients. However, rice bran is commonly used to feed cattle, also as fertilizer and fuel but not as a source of nutrients for humans. Thus, this study proposes another protein source and explore its production methods for food and supplement industry. This research focuses to produce rice bran protein powder and protein concentration using spray drying technique. Since rice bran protein is used in food consumption, the extraction of protein from rice bran was done using physical extraction method which water as the medium of extraction. The relationship between the spray drying parameter; inlet temperature (130 – 200˚C), feed flowrate (10 – 40%) and air flowrate (225 – 625L/Hr) were investigated based on the OFAT method, As conclusion, spray drying process of rice bran protein powder has the capability to maintain the nutritional value present in the rice bran. Rice bran protein powder could be an alternative source of hypoallergenic plant-based protein supplement to humans in the future with further research.
The Effect of Sodium Carbonate on the Fresh and Hardened Properties of Fly Ash-Based One-Part Geopolymer
Authors: Wan-En Ooi , Yun-Ming Liew , Li-Ngee Ho , Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Mohd , Shee-Ween Ong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
One-part geopolymer utilized dry activator(s) which undergo geopolymerization by “just add water” mechanism. There are wide varieties of dry binders to develop one-part geopolymer. This work presents an investigation of fresh and hardened properties of fly ash-based one-part geopolymer activated by mixture of anhydrous sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3) with sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The ratios of alkali activator-to-fly ash (AA/FA) were set as 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25. The substitution of Na2CO3 was set as Na2SiO3/Na2CO3 ratio of 1. Setting time of fresh one-part geopolymer was examined through Vicat needle apparatus. Porosity, compressive strength and microstructural properties of developed specimens were also analyzed after 28 days of curing. The result showed that the partial substitution of Na2CO3 resulted in a shorter setting time and lower porosity. Besides that, the one-part geopolymer activated by the mix of Na2SiO3 and Na2CO3 achieved 78.23 MPa at AA/FA ratio of 0.20. The findings suggest that Na2CO3 is a potential alkali activator for one-part geopolymer.
Comparative Study of Various Pretreatment on Sugar Production from Mixed Rice Biomass
Authors: Cheng Yee Lau , Shamsudin Saleha , Farihan Kasim Khairul 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effectiveness of pretreatment methods by developing a comparative study of diluted acetic acid and hydrothermal pretreatment on reducing sugar production and inhibitors formation (Furfural) from the mixed rice biomass. Diluted acetic acid and hydrothermal pretreatment were carried out over a range of temperature (150 – 190 ºC) within 30 minutes to observe the reducing sugar production and inhibitor formation (Furfural). Seamen Model was used to obtain the rate of reaction in depolymerisation of lignocellulosic biomass. This experiment data were fitted the first-order kinetic model to obtain the reaction rate constant of production and degradation of sugar. In addition, Arrhenius equation was used to determine the activation energy of the reaction. From the result, it showed that the diluted acetic acid pretreatment had higher rate on reducing sugar production and inhibitor formation than the hydrothermal pretreatment. The activation energy for the formation sugar in hydrothermal pretreatment is found 29.1 kJ/mol which is higher than acetic acid pretreatment (23.9 kJ/mol).
Sulfur-extended asphalt concrete with assessing the surface temperature of roads affecting urban heat island
Authors: Le Minh tuan , Tuan Le Huu , Shukurov Ilkhomzhon , Slesarev Mikhail 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a phenomenon that affects many millions of people worldwide. The higher temperatures experienced in urban areas compared to the surrounding countryside has enormous consequences for the health and wellbeing of people living in cities. The paper studies the temperature dependence of the surface of the asphalt concrete on the air temperature of Hanoi city with a view to determine the road surface temperature compared to the comfort threshold of Vietnamese people. Research data on microclimate of Hanoi city was taken from hydro-meteorological station in the period 2010yr – 2015yr. The paper selects two most famous methods of calculating the surface temperature of asphalt concrete: The Method of Kovalev Y.N (Russia) and the method of “Superpave” method (USA). This review article outlines the contribution that pavements make to the urban heat island (UHI) effect and analyses localized and citywide mitigation strategies against the UHI. Asphalt concrete is one of the most common pavements surfacing materials and is a significant contributor to the UHI effect. Dense asphalt concrete has low albedo and high volumetric heat capacity, which results in surface temperatures reaching upwards to 60°C on hot summer days. Application of sulfur-extended asphalt concrete with advanced properties instead of asphalt concrete reduces the urban heat island effect and increase the quality and life of roads in Hanoi (Vietnam).
Application of fuzzy logic methods for controlling buildings HVAC equipment
Authors: Klashanov Fedor , Swan Alex 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article represents an application of fuzzy logic methods for control purposes of heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) of modern buildings. Analysis of the main parameters of space comfort leads to the justification of fuzzy logic methods and definition of research goals. This research suggested a composition of linguistic variables and knowledge database for a virtual room air conditioning model which was simulated in MATLAB (Simulink) environment. The analysis of the modelling results proved that fuzzy methods demonstrate acceptable control capabilities and can be successfully implemented in practice. The work has been carried out within the course of studying the prospects of development of building management and automation (BMS) in the future.
Completing capital mobilization plan for road maintenance in Viet Nam
Authors: Thi Tuyet Dung Nguyen , Hùng Bùi Mạnh , Thị Lan Phương Nguyễn , Thị Tuyết Phạm 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Planning of road transport development in Vietnam vision to 2030 has emphasized the role of maintenance work in order to make the most of existing transport infrastructure capacity to ensure efficiency and sustainability in exploitation. The Government has also implemented numerous policies to mobilize investment capital for road maintenance and recorded some achievements (in the 2013-2018 period, the average capital allocated for national highway maintenance was VND 6,778.644 billion/year, many times higher than the period from 2009-2012 which was VND 2,615.13 billion/year). However, granted capital for annual maintenance has not met the demand. One of the reasons is that the capital mobilization planning is still limited, particularly the planning medium and long-term maintenance has many shortcomings, not close to reality. Based on the analysis of existing capital and capital needs as well as the survey results, with the aid of SPSS software, the author has proposed solutions to complete capital mobilization planning, aims at increasing revenue for road maintenance, through improving capacity for medium and long-term maintenance planning.
Analysis of project implementation concepts Smart city
Authors: Garyaeva Venera , Garyaev Nikolay 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the characteristic features, the experience of introducing the technologies of the Smart City, which allow for the sustainable development of modern cities, improve the efficiency of urban management, improve the quality of life of the population in all spheres, including economic, social and environmental. A study was conducted to determine the principles of transition from the traditional model of city management to the model of “Smart City”. Successive stages of this transition are proposed.
Urban landscape planning adapting to flood in Can Tho city, Viet Nam
Authors: Linh Do Thuy 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To promote flood resilience and reduce the damaging effects of flood in urban areas, the paper proposes an urban flood adaptation model based on an urban hydrological model, combined with the capacity of the flood ecological infracstruture. This model includes allowing flood to enter the city and restoring the interaction between flood and riparian ecosystems. This approach is called flood adaptive ecological awareness. To implement this idea, the paper translates into urban landscape planning principles that consider flood as a resource for urban ecosystems, establishing flood storage spaces based on ecological infrastructure adapted to dynamics of flood. The ability to regulate, collect, penetrate and purify pollution with water is due to the participation of landscape ecological infrastructure and enhance the regulatory capacity to mitigate the harmful effects of flood on Can Tho urban areas in Mekong Delta region, Vietnam.
Benefits and challenges of BIM implementation for facility management in operation and maintenance face of buildings in Vietnam
Authors: Hoang G V , Vu D K T , Le N H , Nguyen T P 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is regarded as a technological breakthrough that facilitates the modernization of construction industry, increasing the productivity and value across stakeholder groups. However, despite of BIM’s potential benefits towards the industry players, it seems that BIM is still not broadly implemented yet in the Vietnam construction industry, especially for facility management (FM) during the Operation and Maintenance (O&M) phase of buildings. This paper, therefore, investigate the status quo of BIM implementation for FM in O&M phase of buildings in Vietnam, exploring the benefits and also the challenges that construction practitioners in Vietnam need to overcome to fully exploit BIM potentials in O&M phase. The research results, on the basis of interviews with experts in Vietnam construction industry, show that BIM for O&M phase is still in its infancy in Vietnam and the most indicated challenges are: the cultural approach to adopt BIM in the FM industry; lacking or inadequate, misunderstanding information handover requirements.
The study of structure formation and mechanical strength properties of sulfur-containing woodcrete composites exposed to permanently acting loads
Authors: Sokolova Yulia , Akulova Marina , Isakulov B R , Sokolova Alla , Isakulov A B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The present paper considers the issues of mutual neutralization and toxicity elimination of toxic components of industrial by-products as well as the study of strength formation for sulfur-containing woodcrete composites exposed to various permanently acting loads and curing conditions in time. Woodcrete-concrete composites could be considered as one of the available lightweight heat insulating building materials with low heat conductivity and good sound proofing properties. The materials are based on recyclable raw materials widely available in the regions of Kazakhstan and Russia. The contemporary provisions of theory and practice of development of efficient lightweight woodcrete-concrete on the base of composite sulfur-containing binders obtained by the method of toxicity elimination and mechanochemical activation served as the methodological foundation of the research. While implementing scientific research, the authors used the standard measuring instrumentation and methods of analysis of physical and mechanical properties of woodcrete composites such as the up-to-date methods of X-ray diffraction analysis, differential thermal and microscopic analyses and testing equipment. The principle of mutual neutralization of toxic components of industrial by-products by means of mechanochemical treatment at low temperature has been applied in the paper. These methods allow reducing cement content due to its fractional replacement by industrial waste. For the experimental part of the research, ferrous iron with the oxidation number 3 (Fe2O3) has been used as the oxidizing agent, while elemental sulfur, wood coal dust and ferrous iron with the oxidation number 2 (FeO) have demonstrated regeneration properties. The properties of sulfur-containing woodcrete specimens have been studied after 7, 28 and 90 days of exposure in various curing conditions. It was stated that sulfur-containing woodcrete had been fractioned gradually, first, decomposition of mortar constituent part took place, then of organic filler fibers. The obtained results could be applied while manufacturing efficient walling material for civil engineering buildings and structures, including seismic areas.
The impact of crystallite size of naturally occurring and synthetic wollastonite on its modifying effect in epoxy coatings
Authors: Tverdov Ilya , Gotlib Elena , Nha Phuong Ha Thi , Sokolova Alla , Islamova Galia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The efficiency of application and finiteness of raw material supply base of naturally occurring wollastonite leads to the fact that the synthesis of this filler on the base of available renewable raw material, for example, rice husk, is of actual importance. Depending on the ratio of calcium carbonate : silicon oxide (received from rice husk), synthetic wollastonite could have different phase constitution. It consists mainly of pseudowollastonite and wollastonite. Other silicates of lime, for example, larnite, could be also present in its composition. The maximum content of wollastonite was registered in the sample with the ratio CaCO3:SiO2=1.2:1 and it is significantly lower than of naturally occurring mineral Miwoll 10-97. Naturally occurring wollastonite demonstrates the highest modifying effect, from the perspective of wear reduction and harshness enhancement of epoxy coatings. Synthetic wollastonite obtained at the ratio CaCO3:SiO2=1.2:1 is slightly less efficient. Along with that, there could be observed the regularity that the larger the crystallite size of wollastonite, the higher its abrasion resistance and harshness of filled epoxy coatings. When the content of silicon oxide in the composition of synthetic wollastonite grows, the size of its crystals has a tendency to decrease. Given this, the synthesis of wollastonite should be directed towards the enlargement of its crystals size, i.e. it is recommended to increase the content of calcium carbonate in its composition and to lower fusion temperature in order to reduce pseudowollastonite formation.
Structure formation of UHPC with metal fiber exposed to high temperature curing
Authors: Soloviev Vadim , Efishov Luka , Matyushin Evgenij 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The paper reveals the possibility of using the almost impermeable structure of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) for heat treatment at temperatures above 100 °C as an alternative to autoclaving, while achieving similar physical and mechanical characteristics.
Liquid-glass concrete of variable density
Authors: Miryuk Olga 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Research results of porous compositions based on sodium liquid glass and fillers of various origins are presented. Materials, regulating rheological properties and thermal transformations of liquid glass compositions were used as the fillers. Feasibility of multicomponent fillers introduction into thermal expansion compositions was substantiated. Combined fillers matching a gel-forming component and thermosetting materials that emit a gas phase are preferred for improving molding properties of compositions and forming a highly porous polymodal material. A porous aggregate with a density of 250 – 300 kg/m3 was synthesized, providing high thermal resistance of the building envelope. Advantages of a liquid-glass matrix for producing lightweight concrete with a porous silicate aggregate are shown. Genetic commonality of an aggregate and a matrix contributes to the formation of durable concrete of a porous structure. Variants of the structure of variastropic liquid glass concrete, consisting of layers of various densities were proposed. Lightweight concrete of variatropic structure with a density of 800 kg/m3 and compressive strength of 10 MPa has been developed. The integrated use of liquid glass to obtain aggregate and concrete will ensure a compact technological scheme. The research is aimed at creating a technology of heat-insulating materials that combine high porosity with shape stability.