bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal stem cells regulate activation of microglia cells to improve hippocampal nerve damage of heat stroke rats
Authors: Wang Lu , Zhao Yan , Deng Zihui , Yuan Rui , Yang Mengmeng , Zhang Yu , Li Yun , Zhou Feihu , Kang Hong-Jun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Heat stroke (HS) is a severe systemic inflammatory response disease caused by high fever, mainly with nervous system damage. Currently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have inflammation and immunomodulatory effects. Therefore, we aimed to explore the protective effect and mechanism of MSCs on HS-induced excessive inflammation and neurological dysfunction.
Methods

A heat stroke Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model was established at continuous high temperature (42 °C) and high humidity (70%-80%). After modeling, the rats were randomly divided into a heat stroke model group (HS group), a MSCs treatment group (HS + MSCs group), and a Control group in which the rats were kept at room temperature without any treatment. Survival analysis, neurological deficit scoring, pathological staining of hippocampus and cerebellum, immunofluorescence staining of microglia cells, and tissue level detection of inflammatory cytokines were performed in the three groups on day 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 separately.
Results

After heat stroke modeling, the rats were severely paralyzed and had a high mortality. MSCs treatment significantly reduced the mortality in both early stage (day 3) and late stage (day 28). MSCs treatment also significantly reduced the neurological impairment of heat stroke rats, and improved hippocampal and cerebellar pathology and neuronal cell damage. In addition, MSCs treatment significantly inhibited the overactivation of microglia in the hippocampus of HS rats as well as the levels of pro-inflammatory factors and chemokines in the hippocampus. In the early stage (day 1) of MSCs treatment, the activation of cerebellar microglia in the heat stroke rats was significantly promoted. Meanwhile, MSCs treatment had no significant inhibitory effect on the levels of pro-inflammatory factors in the cerebellar tissues of heat stroke rats, but can inhibit the levels of chemokines in the early stage.
Conclusions

The application of MSCs for heat stroke treatment in rats can significantly reduce the mortality and neurological defects and improve the hippocampal injury. Meanwhile, MSCs can inhibit the over-activation of microglia cells in the hippocampus of heat stroke rats, which may be a mechanism of MSCs in protecting heat-stroke-caused hippocampal injury.
The encounter of tumor and SARS-CoV-2: Pathological findings in a patient with colon cancer and COVID-19
Authors: Zhong Weixiang , Li Jun , Kong Mei , Gao Qiqi , Teng Xiaodong , Liang Tingbo , Zhang Jing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads worldwide, there have been few reports of infections among the cancer population, although more than six million cases have been confirmed. Here we studied a surgical specimen from a patient with colon cancer and COVID-19 and two tissue microarrays comprising 103 colorectal cancer and 108 enterocyte cases pathologically. The results showed that, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid antibody was positively expressed in colon cancer tissues. Moreover, the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was overexpressed in both colorectal cancer tissue microarray and tumor tissue from this patient, with a positive rate as high as 93.2%. Finally, this case of SARS-CoV-2 infection in colon cancer tumor microenvironment (TME) is a failure of immune homeostasis, due to the decrease in TIA + and Granzyme B+ (GrB) CD8 + T cell proportion and the increase in PD-1 + CD8 + T cell proportion. In summary, we speculate that these three factors may have contributed significantly to infection risk and severity in the patient.
Epidemiologic Characteristics of Orthopedic Surgical Site Infections and Under-reporting Estimation of Registries Using Capture-recapture Analysis
Authors: Taherpour Niloufar , Mehrabi Yadollah , Seifi Arash , Eshrati Babak , Nazari Seyed Saeed Hashemi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) are among the leading causes of the postoperative complications. This study aimed at investigating the epidemiologic characteristics of orthopedic SSIs and estimating the under-reporting of registries using the capture-recapture method.
Methods
This study, which was a registry-based, cross-sectional one, was conducted in six educational hospitals in Tehran during a one-year period, from March, 2017 to March, 2018. The data were collected from two hospital registries (National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System (NNIS) and health information management database (HIM)). First, all orthopedic SSIs registered in these sources were used to perform capture-recapture (N = 503). Second, 202 samples were randomly selected to assess patients` characteristics.
Results
Totally, 76.24% of SSIs were detected post-discharge. Staphylococcus.aureus (11.38%) was the most frequently detected bacterium in orthopedic SSIs. The median time between the detection of a SSI and the discharge was 17 days. The results of a study done on 503 SSIs showed that the coverage of NNIS and HIM was 59.95% and 65.17%, respectively. After capture-recapture estimation, it was found that about 221 of orthopedic SSIs were not detected by two sources among six hospitals and the real number of SSIs were estimated to be 623 ± 36.58 (95% CI, 552–695) and under-reporting percentage was 63.32%.
Conclusions
To recognize the trends of SSIs mortality and morbidity in national level, it is significant to have access to a registry with minimum underestimated data. Therefore, according to the weak coverage of NNIS and HIM among Iranian hospitals, a plan for promoting the national Infection prevention and control (IPC) programs and providing updated protocols is recommended.
Systematic Review of Radiological Analysis of Total Hip Replacement Via Direct Anterior Approach in Comparison to Other Approaches – Study Protocol
Authors: Maciąg Bartosz , Radzimowski Kuba , Stępiński Piotr , Szymczak Jakub , Albrewczyński Tomasz , Stolarczyk Artur 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTotal hip arthroplasty (THR) is considered as the most effective available method of treatment of end-stage hip osteoarthritis (OA). This surgery can be performed via many different approaches. One of the newly developed technique is called direct anterior approach (DAA). It gains popularity and recognition as the least traumatic to the soft tissues, thus quickening rehabilitation and improving joint stability in the early postoperative period. There are no systematic reviews covering this subject in terms of potential differences in radiological prosthesis placement, and while there is still unsatisfactory evidence concerning long-term outcomes of DAA, such review may prove useful in the debate. The objective of our study was to systematically collect and review available data from randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) regarding radiographic assessment of prosthesis placement after total hip arthroplasty using direct anterior approach compared to other common approaches.MethodsA systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be conducted. SciFinder, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Embase, Clinical Key and The Cochrane Library databases will be searched without restriction to date up to June 2020. Primary outcomes will include measurements related with the radiological analysis of trials comparing use of DAA to other approaches used for THR, containing at least two of the following: femoral stem alignment, mean radiographic cup inclination, mean radiographic cup anteversion, mean radiographic cup abduction, position in Lewinnek's safe zone. Study selection will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and the methodological appraisal of the studies will be assessed by the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for RCTs. DiscussionThis systematic review will provide missing information regarding influence of differences between DAA and other surgical approaches in total hip replacement on prosthesis implants placement in case of femoral stem and cup. This may result in improving knowledge and awareness of surgeons, improving patients satisfaction and functional outcome and lowering the risk of hip dislocations and other complications. Trial registrationInternational Registration of Systematic reviews (PROSPERO) numberCRD42019122675
Massage Therapy for Pulmonary Function in Patients Recovering From Covid-19: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Kelin , Dong Shuo , Fu Guobing , Cui Shusheng , Guo Sheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background:Starting in December 2019 in Wuhan (Hubei province, China), a novel coronavirus, designated SARS-CoV-2, has caused an international outbreak of a respiratory illness and rapidly evolved into a pandemic.Given the rapidly growing pandemic and the overwhelmedmedical system, the number of self‐quarantined and recovering patients is increasing.There is an urgentneed of alternative medicine to help patients relieve symptoms duringself‐quarantine, and possibly to help increase their chances of survivaland recovery from COVID-19.Massage (tuina) therapy is one of the widely employed complementary and alternative medicine interventions in the world.Long-term clinicalpractices and experiences have shown that massage therapy could significantly contribute to the healing of most respiratory conditions and lung disease.This systematic review and meta-analysis will summarize the current evidence of tuina (massage) used as an intervention for pulmonary function in COVID-19 recovering patients.Methods:We will search the following electronic databases for randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy inimproving pulmonary function ofCOVID-19 recovering patients: Wanfang and Pubmed Database, CNKI, CENTRAL, CINAHL, EMBASE and MEDLINE. Each database will be searched from inception to June 2020. The entire process will include study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment and meta-analyses.Discussion:This proposed systematic review will evaluate the existing evidence and explore the potential roleof massage therapyon the effectiveness and safety in pulmonary function of COVID-19 recovering patients.The outcomes will include the improvement of pulmonary function and adverse effect.PROSPERO registration number:CRD42020192107
Research on Distributed Data Stream Mining of Financial Risk Based on Double Privacy Protection
Authors: Zhao Yuhao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the advancement of network technology and large-scale computing, distributed data streams have been widely used in the application of financial risk analysis. However, while data mining reveals financial models, it also increasingly poses a threat to privacy. Therefore, how to prevent privacy leakage during the efficient mining process poses new challenges to the data mining technology. This article is mainly aimed at the current privacy data leakage in financial data mining, combined with existing data mining technology to study data mining and privacy protection. First, a data mining model for dual privacy protection is defined, which can better meet the characteristics of distributed data streams while achieving privacy protection effects. Secondly, a privacy-oriented data stream mining algorithm is proposed, which uses random interference technology to effectively protect the original sensitive data. Finally, the analysis and discussion of the algorithm in this paper through simulation experiments show that the algorithm is feasible and effective, and can better adapt to the distributed data flow distribution and dynamic characteristics, while achieving better privacy protection effects, effectively Reduced communication load.
Retrograde inferior vena caval perfusion for total aortic arch replacement surgery: a randomized pilot study
Authors: Lin Jing , Liu Xinhao , Xiong Jiyue , Wu Zhong , Guo Yingqiang , Kang Deying , Du Lei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVESAntegrade cerebral perfusion (ACP) under moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest is used during total aortic arch replacement surgery (TARS) in patients with acute type A aortic dissection, but it is associated with high mortality and morbidity. We hypothesized that combining ACP with retrograde inferior vena caval perfusion (RIVP) improves outcomes.METHODSThis pilot study was prospective, randomized, controlled and assessor-blinded. Patients scheduled for TARS were randomly treated with either ACP or RIVP + ACP. The primary outcome was a composite of mortality and major complications including paraplegia, postoperative renal failure, severe liver dysfunction, and gastrointestinal complications. Secondary outcomes included neurological complications, length of intubation and requirement of blood products.RESULTSA total of 76 patients were recruited (n = 38 per group). Primary outcome occurred in 23 patients (61%) in the ACP group and 16 (42%) in the RIVP + ACP group (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.21–1.62; p = 0.31). There was a lower incidence of transient neurological deficits in the RIVP + ACP group (26% vs. 58%, p = 0.006; OR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.10–0.67). The RIVP + ACP group underwent shorter intubation (25 vs 47 h, p = 0.022) and required fewer blood products (red cells, 3.8 units vs 6.5 units, p = 0.047; platelet: 2.0 units vs 2.0 units, p = 0.023) compared with the ACP group.CONCLUSIONSRIVP + ACP may be associated with lower incidence of transient neurological deficits, shorter intubation and less blood transfusion requirement than ACP alone during TARS. Multi-center, randomized trials with larger samples are required to determine whether RIVP + ACP is associated with lower rates of mortality and major complications.Trial registrationPilot study of a RCT registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03607786)，Registered 30 July, 2018- Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03607786.
Seeking Healthcare at Their 'Right' Time: The Iterative Decision Process for Women with Breast Cancer
Authors: Agbeko Anita Eseenam , Arthur Joshua , Bayuo Jonathan , Kaburi Basil Benduri , Kyei Ishmael 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction: About 85% of breast cancer patients attending Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Ghana, present with stage III/IV disease. In spite of great investments into the early diagnosis and management of breast cancer, late presentation persists and poses a barrier to realising the possible benefits of the gains made in breast cancer management. This study assessed the symptom appraisal and medical health seeking behaviour of women with either locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer attending breast clinic at KATHMethod: In-depth interviews of women presenting with clinical stage III/IV breast cancer were conducted to explore the women’s care seeking pathways after symptom identification until arrival at KATH from May 2015 to March 2016. Thematic data analysis was conducted using the Andersen behavioural model for health service use.Results: Fifteen women aged 24 – 79 years were interviewed. The time from symptom identification to reporting to KATH was 4 - 24 months. The initial symptom was a breast lump or breast swelling which all the women identified themselves. These were initially appraised as not serious because most importantly, they did not interfere with their daily function. Symptom progression such as prevented them from undertaking their usual economic, social and family function triggered seeking care from health facilities. The availability of money to pay for care and diagnostic investigations influenced the time taken to navigate the referral pathway. While the women initially deferred healthcare for reasons related to their ability to perform economic, family and social roles, ultimately, aggressively pursuing healthcare was also for the same economic, family and social reasons or goals.Conclusion: Deciding to seek care and pursue treatment for breast cancer symptoms may be much more complicated than it appears. Economic, family and social function significantly drive the health seeking process both at the personal and health facility phases of health seeking. Breast cancer education messages must be adapted to incorporate these functional goals and their influence on symptom appraisal and decision making to seek help and not just focus on the breast symptom as an isolated entity.
Cementless Femoral Neck Endoprosthesis Spiron in Men in Aspects of Clinical Status and Quality of Life in Average a 5-year Follow-up
Authors: Stołtny Tomasz , Pasek Jarosław , Pyda Michał , Spyrka Daniel , Białek Michał , Dugiełło Bogdan , Gąsior Wojciech , Czarnecki Michał , Koczy Bogdan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Hip arthroplasty is increasingly performed in young people actively playing sports, professionally active, or treated with steroid drugs in the course of autoimmune diseases. Significantly more often in this group of patients the cause of osteoarthritis is sterile femoral head necrosis. Femoral neck endoprosthesis can be an alternative to pituitary or classical cementlessarthroplastyin the surgical treatment of osteoarthritis.Material and methods: The study group consisted of 27 men aged 32 to 65 years (average 46 years) in whom femoral neck endoprosthesis was implanted (16 on the left side, 11 on the right side).The most common indications for surgical treatment were idiopathic osteoarthritis of the hip (19 patients) and arthrosis due to sterile femoral osteonecrosis (8 patients).Operational access according to Hardinge in the patient's position on the back by embedding a uncemented femoral neck endoprosthesis in ceramic articulation was applied.In the studied group of patients, clinical condition was assessed using the HHS, WOMAC-HIP classification. An assessment of the quality of life was also carried out on the SF-12 scale and pain assessment on the VAS scale.Analyzes were performed before surgery, while the control test was carried out on average over a 5-year observation period.Results: The clinical condition of the examined men on the HHS (49.81 vs 84.05) and WOMAC-HIP (40.59 vs 13.5) scale significantly improved (p <0.05) in relation to the value before surgery.Similar results were obtained in the assessment of quality of life on the SF-12 scale (9.89 points vs. 32 points); (p <0.05) and pain on the VAS scale (6.74 vs 0.58); (p <0.05) during follow-up.Conclusions: The use of femoral neck endoprosthesis in men with hip arthrosis in the mean follow-up of 5 years improved both the clinical condition and the quality of life of the operated patients while reducing the pain.
Self-medication with antibiotics in WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Negarandeh Reza , Shayan Shah Jahan , Nazari Rajab , Kiwanuka BSc. Frank , Rad MSc. Sanaz Akhavan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Recently, inappropriate use of antibiotics has been correlated with life-threatening side-effects such as adverse effects, increased cost of treatment, and the higher rate of microbial resistance. Besides, it leads to a waste of resources. Therefore, this review sought to determine the pooled prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics, self-medicated illness, reasons for self-medication, antibiotics used for self-medication, source of obtaining antibiotics, the inappropriate practice of antibiotics and suggested recommendations for talking self-medication with antibiotics in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of the World Health Organization (EMRWHO).
Methods

Review conforms to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Database search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science using a combination of keywords which included; antimicrobial, antibacterial, antibiotic, self-medication, self-treatment, self-prescription, non-prescribed, irrational use, inappropriate use, misuse, abuse and Eastern Mediterranean Region of WHO countries. The lists of references of the selected articles were also hand-searched to obtained additional relevant articles. Studies published in English from 2000 to 2018 were included in the review.
Results

We report on data from 60 articles and 49629 participants in this review. The overall prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics in EMRWHO was 47.2% (95% CI 41.6% – 52.9%). Yemen has the highest pooled rate with a rate of 75.0% (95% CI 63.4% − 83.9%), whilst Lebanon has the lowest pooled rate with a prevalence of 28.7% (95% CI 18.4% − 41.8%). The most common illnesses implicated in antibiotic self-medication were upper-respiratory infections and the most common antibiotic was Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid. The commonest reasons for antibiotic self-medication include: saving time and money. Pharmacies pointed out as the most common source of obtaining antibiotics for self-medication.
Conclusion

Self-medication with antibiotics is significantly high in the member states of EMRWHO. Intervention such as an educational program for communities’ members to change their behaviors, policy on the mechanism of distribution of antibiotics is called for in this area.
In vitro activity of antimicrobial agents with and without sulbactam, EDTA and sulbactam-EDTA on ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy Tibetan yaks
Authors: Liu Baoguang , Yuan Xiaoling , Chen Yiheng , Li Xiaoshen , Bai Ming , He Dandan , Hu Gongzheng , Miao Mingsan , Xu Er Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The spread of ESBLs-producing bacteria has been strikingly rapid in many regions of the world and it causes therapeutic difficulties in everyday practice. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and susceptibilities of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli isolates from healthy Tibetan yaks in China, to evaluate the activity of drug combinations on ESBLs-producing E. coli isolates.
Methods
From July 2018 to August 2019, a total of 750 nasal swab samples were tested for the presence of E. coli and ESBLs-producing strains. The MICs of 11 antimicrobial agents alone and combinations with sulbactam, EDTA or sulbactam-EDTA against 240 ESBLs-producing E.coli strains were determined by the broth microdilution method.
Results
Overall, 59.87% (n = 449) of the samples were positive for E. coli, 240 (53.45%) of 449 E. coli isolates were confirmed to be ESBLs-producing. The addition of sulbactam to the third generation cephalosporins, amikacin and fosfomycin for all isolates resulted in low MICs, increasing the level of susceptibility from 0, 0 and 0% to 50 ~ 87.5, 4.2 and 100% respectively. The addition of EDTA to fluoroquinolones, doxycycline, florfenicol, amikacin and fosfomycin, showed improved activities and resulted in low MICs, increasing the level of susceptibility from 0, 0, 8.3, 0 and 0% to 4.2 ~ 29.2, 33.3, 33.3, 66.7 and 45.8%, respectively. All other antibacterials (except fluoroquinolones, doxycycline and florfenicol), when combined with sulbactam-EDTA, were found to be more active than combinations only with sulbactam or with EDTA against most of isolates, with lower MIC50s and MIC90s.
Conclusion
In conclusion, ESBLs-producing E. coli isolates were widespread in healthy Tibetan yaks in China. ESBLs-producing E. coli isolates exhibited varying degrees of multidrug resistance. This study these findings suggested that sulbactam can enhance activity of β-lactams and some non-β-lactams of antimicrobial agents and had a synergistic effects with EDTA in improving activities of some families of antimicrobials.