bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coplanar waveguide‐based ultra‐wide band antenna with switchable filtering of WiMAX 3.5 GHz and WLAN 5 GHz signals
Authors: Medkour Hicham , Cheniti Mohamed , Narbudowicz Adam , Das Sudipta , Vandelle Erika , Vuong Tan P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a compact single‐layer UWB antenna based on a coplanar waveguide structure. The antenna operates within bandwidth from 3 to 10.6 GHz (111.76%). The antenna incorporates two notch‐filters, designed to mitigate possible interference with WiMAX and WLAN. This filtering function can be switched on or off, independently for each band, by using pin diodes. This feature allows fast adaptation, supporting spectrum sharing solutions with a compact and planar antenna. The simulated and measured results of the proposed antenna are in good agreement, with the maximum antenna gains dropping after activation of the filtering from 2.5 to −10 dBi in WiMAX 3.5 GHz band and from 3 to −8 dBi in WLAN 5 GHz band.
Imaging luminescent tattoo inks for direct visualization of linac and cobalt irradiation
Authors: LaRochelle Ethan P. M. , Soter Jennifer , Barrios Leonardo , Guzmán Marysia , Streeter Samuel S. , Gunn Jason R. , Bejarano Suyapa , Pogue Brian W. 
Published: February 2020

PurposeTattoo fiducials are commonly used in radiotherapy patient alignment, and recent studies have examined the use of UV‐excited luminescent tattoo ink as a cosmetic substitute to make these visible under UV illumination. The goal of this study was to show how luminescent tattoo inks could be excited with MV radiation and imaged during beam delivery for direct visualization of field position.MethodsA survey of nine UV‐sensitive tattoo inks with various emission spectra were investigated using both UV and MV excitation. Images of liquid solutions were collected under MV excitation using an intensified‐CMOS imager. Solid skin‐simulating phantoms were imaged with both surface‐painted ink and in situ tattooing during dose delivery by both a clinical linear accelerator and cobalt‐60 source.ResultsThe UV inks have peak fluorescence emission ranging from approximately 440 to 600 nm with lifetimes near 11–16 μs. The luminescence intensity is approximately 6x higher during the x‐ray pulse than after the pulse, however, the signal‐to‐noise is only approximately twice as large. Spatial resolution for imaging was achieved at 1.6 mm accuracy in a skin test phantom. Optical filtering allows for continuous imaging using a cobalt source and provides a mechanism to discriminate ink colors using a monochromatic image sensor.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates how low‐cost inks can be used as fiducial markers and imaged both using time‐gated and continuous modes during MV dose delivery. Phantom studies demonstrate the potential application of real‐time field verification. Further studies are required to understand if this technique could be used as a tool for radiation dosimetry.
The ‘Social Construction’ of David Schneider as ‘A Giant of Anthropology’
Authors: Shapiro Warren 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTDavid Schneider is widely regarded as one of the great anthropologists of our times. This article questions this opinion. First it shows that his fieldwork on the Micronesian island of Yap evidences ethnographic insensitivity, particularly on the matter of an alleged ignorance of physiological paternity, thus calling into question his supposed concern with getting at native understandings. The alleged ignorance forms the ethnographic basis for his later critique of established kinship studies. This, plus his ignorance of lexical marking, invalidates the critique. Even worse is his study of American kinship and its related theory of culture, both consisting mostly of top‐of‐the‐head impressions unrelated to specific operations.
Policy entrepreneurship and institutional change: Who, how, and why?
Authors: Jarvis Darryl S.L. , He Alex Jingwei 
Published: February 2020

SummaryIn the past three decades, “policy entrepreneurship” has emerged as a key analytical concept helping to explain institutional and policy change. Despite this, however, the literature on policy entrepreneurship remains theoretically vexed, producing limited theoretical knowledge or explanatory models able to draw firm conclusions. Theory building on policy and institutional change, for example, how policy entrepreneurs institute and navigate change agendas, using what tools, strategies, resources, and capacities remains opaque. This is especially the case in developing country contexts, where most analytical investigation of policy entrepreneurship has addressed “first world” case examples. This special issue seeks to address this analytical gap in the literature, focusing on cases specific to developing country contexts, deepening our empirical knowledge of policy entrepreneurship in developing countries, but also exploring theoretical and conceptual debates as they relate to developing countries.
Result of vascular tube design on the curative and mechanical performance of modified carbon fibers/hybrid resin self‐healing composites
Authors: Naga Kumar C. , Prabhakar M. N. , Song Jung‐il 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe current study focuses on the design of healing carriers (vascular tube) for enhancing the healing behavior and mechanical properties of healing composites by reinforcing hybrid resin (vinyl ester:epoxy [80:20]) with phenol‐treated carbon fibers and inserting macrovascular tubes by using the vacuum‐assisted resin transfer mold (VARTM) process. Epoxy, vinyl ester (VE), and hybrid resin (HR) were incorporated in the vascular tubes as healing agents and introduced in three designs. The effect of phenol treatment on carbon fiber was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and SEM analyses, which refers to the occurring of structural and morphological changes and tensile strength of composite increased 7% higher than untreated composite. The self‐healing composites were impacted using a drop‐weight machine at constant impact energy, and the noticeable crack is recorded for understanding mechanical strength and healing performance. The results were supportively confirmed by observing internal damage with ultrasonic C‐scan technology. The impact results showed a better bearing capacity for design 2 during the initial impact test for different curing agents (VE, epoxy, and HR). The healing efficiency and mechanical properties were high for the composites infused with VE and hybrid resin. The present study will contribute toward self‐healing research for potential applications in the engineering sector.
Social role dysfunction and coping in borderline personality disorder
Authors: Carlson Emma M. , Cox Daniel W. , Kealy David , Chapman Alexander L. , Ogrodniczuk John S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIndividuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often experience deficits in social role functioning, which encompasses the ability to adhere to socially defined rules and norms of behaviour. Additionally, research suggests that coping styles influence the way individuals with BPD manage stress and that symptom presentation and functioning in individuals with BPD vary across genders. This study sought to explore these variables via moderated mediation, investigating the mediating influence of coping styles on the association between BPD symptoms and social role dysfunction and if these associations were further moderated by gender. Participants (N = 233) were outpatients attending a programme for personality dysfunction. Participants completed measures of BPD symptoms, coping styles and social role dysfunction. Moderated mediation indicated that for women, emotion‐oriented coping and social diversion‐oriented coping mediated the association between BPD symptoms and social dysfunction. While BPD symptoms were positively associated with emotion coping, which was positively associated with social role dysfunction, BPD symptoms were negatively associated with social diversion coping, which was negatively associated with social role dysfunction. For men, coping did not mediate the association between BPD symptoms and social role dysfunction. Our findings may indicate that social support and a healthy social network may play an important part in the ongoing social role functioning of women with BPD. From this, potential early therapeutic interventions targeting safe social engagement in times of stress may decrease the pervasive and persistent nature of social dysfunction in BPD. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of increased arterial stiffness in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis by augmentation index and pulse wave velocity analysis
Authors: Kartal Öztürk Gökçen , Conkar Seçil , Eşki Aykut , Gülen Figen , Keskinoğlu Ahmet , Demir Esen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWith the increase in life expectancy, cardiovascular complications of cystic fibrosis (CF) have come to the forefront. Increased arterial stiffness is a marker of increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to compare both pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Aix) measurements in children with CF and to compare them with healthy controls. We hypothesized that children with CF had increased arterial stiffness, although traditional risk factors for CVD were not observed. Forty‐four patients and age and sex‐matched 30 healthy controls were included in the study. Hemodynamic measurements were compared in both groups, together with traditional risk factors. Peripheral blood pressure parameters of CF and control groups were similar (P > .05). Bodyweight and BMI were significantly lower in the CF group (P < .001). Serum cholesterol, HDL, and LDL levels were significantly lower in the CF group, whereas fasting blood glucose and triglyceride levels were significantly higher than the control group (P < .05). Mean ± SD Aix was significantly higher in the CF group (33.22 ± 13.87%) compared with the control group (24.93 ± 10.58%), respectively (P < .05), while PWV was similar. No significant correlation between PWV and Aix and fasting blood glucose and lipid profile in both groups (P > .05). Children with CF have been shown to have increased arterial stiffness compared to healthy children. Although there are not many traditional risk factors, increased arterial stiffness have been demonstrated in children with CF. The effects of this process starting from childhood on the development of CVD in adulthood are not known. Therefore, further studies are needed.
The downward transport of momentum to the surface in idealized sting‐jet cyclones
Authors: Rivière Gwendal , Ricard Didier , Arbogast Philippe 
Published: February 2020

AbstractProcesses leading to the formation of strong surface wind gusts within an idealized sting‐jet extratropical cyclone are investigated using a high‐resolution mesoscale model. It is motivated by real case studies that have shown that damaging surface winds ahead of the bent‐back warm front of an extratropical cyclone are often due to the presence of a sting jet, which is a low‐level mesoscale jet, the air masses of which descend from the cloud head to the top of the boundary layer. Different numerical simulations show that surface winds below the leading edge of the sting jet increase with increased horizontal resolution and surface roughness. For typical land‐surface roughness, the intensity of near‐surface wind gusts increases rapidly with horizontal resolution, while the sting‐jet intensity above the boundary layer does not vary with resolution. A focus on the 1‐km grid‐spacing simulation with land‐surface roughness is then made. It shows stronger surface winds ahead of the bent‐back warm front than near the cold conveyor‐belt jet. It also exhibits multiple bands of strong surface wind speed, similar to real sting‐jet cyclones. These multiple bands are closely linked with multiple resolved convective rolls in the boundary layer, the descending branches of which are responsible for the downward transfer of momentum. Sensitivity experiments and a stability analysis show that cooling due to sublimation and melting of precipitating ice hydrometeors below the leading edge of the sting jet triggers and invigorates boundary‐layer convective rolls by reducing the buoyancy of air masses near the precipitation base and below. Closer to the surface, the transfer of momentum is predominantly taken over by subgrid‐scale turbulent fluxes.
Control charts for monitoring the median parameter of Birnbaum‐Saunders distribution
Authors: Bourguignon Marcelo , Lee Ho Linda , Fernandes Fidel Henrique 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose control charts for monitoring the Birnbaum‐Saunders (BS) median parameter (scale parameter) on the basis of three estimators. Comparison of the control charts in terms of average run length using probability control limits and those based on asymptotic distribution of three estimators for the median parameter is developed. We also present guidelines for practitioners about the minimum sample size needed to match out‐of‐control average run length with the asymptotic control limits in function of the median parameter after an extensive simulation study. Numerical example illustrates the applied monitoring of BS median parameter.
Wake meandering effects on floating wind turbines
Authors: Wise Adam S. , Bachynski Erin E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAs more floating farms are being developed, the wake interaction between multiple floating wind turbines (FWTs) is becoming increasingly relevant. FWTs have long natural periods in certain degrees of freedom, and the large‐scale movement of the wake, known as wake meandering, occurs at very low frequencies. In this study, we use FAST.Farm to simulate a two‐turbine case with three different FWT concepts: a semisubmersible (semi), a spar, and a tension leg platform (TLP), separated by eight rotor diameters in the wind direction. Since wake meandering varies depending on the environmental conditions, three different wind speeds (for all three concepts) as well as two different turbulence levels (for the semi) are considered. For the below‐rated wind speed, when wake meandering was most extreme, yaw motion standard deviations for the downstream semi were approximately 40% greater in high turbulence and over 100% greater in low turbulence when compared with the upstream semi. The low yaw natural frequency (0.01 Hz) of the semi was excited by meandering, while quasi‐static responses resulted in approximately 20% increases in yaw motion standard deviations for the spar and TLP. Differences in fatigue loading between the upstream and downstream turbines for the mooring line tension and tower base fore‐aft bending moment mostly depended on the velocity deficit and were not directly affected by meandering. However, wake meandering did affect fatigue loading related to the tower top yaw moment and the blade root out‐of‐plane moment.
Bioeffect of static magnetic field on photosynthetic bacteria: Evaluation of bioresources production and wastewater treatment efficiency
Authors: Lu Haifeng , Wang Xiaodan , Hu Shunfan , Han Ting , He Shichao , Zhang Guangming , He Mou , Lin Xinyu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhotosynthetic bacteria (PSB) technology is a promising method for biomass, protein, pigments, and other value‐added substances generation from wastewater. However, the above bioresources production efficiency is relatively low. In this work, a static magnetic field (SMF) was used to promote bioresources production. Results showed that SMF had positive effects on value‐added substances production. With 0.35 Tesla (T) SMF, the PSB biomass, protein, carotenoids, and bacteriochlorophyll concentration were promoted by 31.1%, 22.6%, 56.7%, and 73.1% compared with the control group, respectively. Biomass yield finally reached 0.58 g biomass/g COD removal, which was promoted by 37.1%. The doubling time was shortened by 37.9% in 0.35 T group, showing that SMF can promote cell growth. With 0.35 T SMF, the intracellular NADH dehydrogenase and ATP synthase activities concentration increased by 23.4% and 29.1%, respectively, thus increased the ATP content by 38.0%. Succinic dehydrogenase activity concentration greatly increased by 609.0% at 48 hr, which potentially accelerated the tricarboxylic acid cycle and COD degradation as well as enhanced biomass production.Practitioner points

SMF promoted PSB bioresource production during wastewater treatment processing.

Biomass, protein, carotenoids, and Bchl concentration were promoted by 31.1%, 22.6%, 56.7%, and 73.1%, respectively.

PSB yield of 0.35 T group was promoted by 37.1% compared with the control group.

SDH concentration of 0.35 T was promoted by 609.0% compared with the control group.

Increased NADH and ATP synthase activity concentration by SMF enhanced energy metabolism.
Conservation of a core neurite transcriptome across neuronal types and species
Authors: von Kügelgen Nicolai , Chekulaeva Marina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe intracellular localization of mRNAs allows neurons to control gene expression in neurite extensions (axons and dendrites) and respond rapidly to local stimuli. This plays an important role in diverse processes including neuronal growth and synaptic plasticity, which in turn serves as a foundation for learning and memory. Recent high‐throughput analyses have revealed that neurites contain hundreds to thousands of mRNAs, but an analysis comparing the transcriptomes derived from these studies has been lacking. Here we analyze 20 datasets pertaining to neuronal mRNA localization across species and neuronal types and identify a conserved set of mRNAs that had robustly localized to neurites in a high number of the studies. The set includes mRNAs encoding for ribosomal proteins and other components of the translation machinery, mitochondrial proteins, cytoskeletal components, and proteins associated with neurite formation. Our combinatorial analysis provides a unique resource for future hypothesis‐driven research.This article is categorized under:RNA Export and Localization > RNA LocalizationRNA Evolution and Genomics > Computational Analyses of RNARNA Methods > RNA Analyses in Cells
Large D membrane for higher derivative gravity and black hole second law
Authors: Dandekar Yogesh , Saha Arunabha 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We derive the effective equations of the membranes dual to black holes in a particular theory of higher derivative gravity namely Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity at sub-leading order in 1/D upto linear order in the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) parameter β. We find an expression for an entropy current which satisfies a local version of second law onshell in this regime. We also derive the membrane equations upto leading order in 1/D but non-perturbatively in β for EGB gravity. In this regime we write down an expression for a world-volume stress tensor of the membrane and also work out the effective membrane equation for stationary black holes.
Welche Parameter haben Einfluss auf den stationären Verlauf bei Patienten mit Spondylodiszitis?
Authors: Spiegl Ulrich Josef Albert , Kilper Anica , Glasmacher Stefan , Heyde Christoph-Eckhard , Josten Christoph 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Spondylodiszitis ist eine seltene Erkrankung mit steigender Inzidenz.

Methodik
In dieser retrospektiven Studie wurden 112 Patienten mit operativ versorgter Spondylodiszitis vom 01.01.2005 bis 31.12.2012 in einem Level-I-Wirbelsäulenzentrum hinsichtlich potenzieller prognostischer Kriterien nachuntersucht. Als Nachuntersuchungszeitraum galt der stationäre Aufenthalt. Analysiert wurden die Parameter Mortalität, Alter, Lokalisation der Spondylodiszitis, Abszess- und Erregernachweise, neurologischer Status und Body-Mass-Index (BMI).

Ergebnisse
Das Durchschnittsalter lag bei 68,3 Jahren (±12,9). Insgesamt sind 12 Patienten (10,7 %) während des stationären Aufenthalts verstorben. Ältere Patienten wiesen eine signifikant höhere Krankenhausmortalitätsrate auf (p = 0,008). Der Abszessnachweis gelang in 49,1 % der Fälle und ging mit signifikant längerer Liegedauer im Krankenhaus (p = 0,001) und auf der ITS (p = 0,001) sowie häufigeren Revisionen (p = 0,018) einher. Außerdem wiesen adipöse Patienten signifikant häufiger einen Abszess auf (p = 0,034). Mit S. aureus als häufigstem Erreger gelang der Keimnachweis insgesamt in 60,7 % der Fälle. Ein Keimnachweis war mit einer signifikant längeren Krankenhausliegedauer (p = 0,006) und häufigeren intensivmedizinischen Überwachungen verbunden (p = 0,017). Patienten mit einer Nephropathie wiesen eine signifikant erhöhte Mortalität, eine längere Liegedauer im Krankenhaus sowie ein gehäuftes Auftreten von Mehretagenbefällen auf.

Schlussfolgerung
Das hohe Alter, die positive Keimkultur, die Niereninsuffizienz und Abszesse können als prognostische Kriterien genutzt werden. Zu den Risikofaktoren für das Vorhandensein eines Abszesses können die lumbale Lokalisation der Spondylodiszitis, die Nephropathie sowie der Nachweis eines Erregers und die Adipositas gezählt werden.
Genetic and transcriptional dissection of resistance to Claviceps purpurea in the durum wheat cultivar Greenshank
Authors: Gordon Anna , McCartney Curt , Knox Ron E. , Ereful Nelzo , Hiebert Colin W. , Konkin David J. , Hsueh Ya-Chih , Bhadauria Vijai , Sgroi Mara , O’Sullivan Donal M. , Hadley Caroline , Boyd Lesley A. , Menzies Jim G. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Key message
Four QTL for ergot resistance (causal pathogen Claviceps purpurea) have been identified in the durum wheat cultivar Greenshank.

Abstract
Claviceps purpurea is a pathogen of grasses that infects flowers, replacing the seed with an ergot sclerotium. Ergot presents a significant problem to rye, barley and wheat, in particular hybrid seed production systems. In addition, there is evidence that the highly toxic alkaloids that accumulate within sclerotia can cross-contaminate otherwise healthy grain. Host resistance to C. purpurea is rare, few resistance loci having been identified. In this study, four ergot resistance loci are located on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 5A and 5B in the durum wheat cv. Greenshank. Ergot resistance was assessed through analysis of phenotypes associated with C. purpurea infection, namely the number of inoculated flowers that produced sclerotia, or resulted in ovary death but no sclerotia, the levels of honeydew produced, total sclerotia weight and average sclerotia weight and size per spike. Ergot testing was undertaken in Canada and the UK. A major effect QTL, QCp.aafc.DH-2A, was detected in both the Canadian and UK experiments and had a significant effect on honeydew production levels. QCp.aafc.DH-5B had the biggest influence on total sclerotia weight per spike. QCp.aafc.DH-1B was only detected in the Canadian experiments and QCp.aafc.DH-5A in the UK experiment. An RNASeq analysis, undertaken to identify wheat differentially expressed genes associated with different combinations of the four ergot resistance QTL, revealed a disproportionate number of DEGs locating to the QCp.aafc.DH-1B, QCp.aafc.DH-2A and QCp.aafc.DH-5B QTL intervals.