bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral cochlear implantation: simultaneous versus sequential
Authors: Elrashidy Reham , Khater Ahmed Mohamed , Shabana Mohmad , Khashaba Ahmed , Tharwat Adel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Bilateral cochlear implantation (BiCI) has been provided with an intent to promote binaural hearing and improve quality of life (QoL). Binaural hearing maximum benefit could be optimized with BiCI, when indicated in the early stages of life through preserving the cortical hearing development. Actually, BiCI benefits wide variables among patients, and in this work, we aimed to analyze the benefit of bilateral cochlear implantation over unilateral and the simultaneous over sequential implantation in peri- and post-lingual patients. The analysis based on common clinically used audiological tests such as aided hearing threshold and speech perception measures.

Results
The results of the aided threshold and speech perception measures in all patients revealed a significantly better response in the bilateral implantations than in unilateral each implant separately. Overall, the best response was seen in the simultaneous bilateral group followed by sequential bilateral groups. In post-lingual patients, a better response was observed in sequential and similar bilateral than in sequential and different device groups with significant differences.
Change of performance across time revealed aided threshold improvement of the from 3 to 6 months. In speech perception measures, the post-lingual group revealed significant improvement of high-context sentence test (HCST) scores from 3 to 6 months and 12 months. In the peri-lingual group, Early Speech Perception test (ESPT) revealed a change in performance with time at 3, 6, and 12 months. In addition, the simultaneous patient’s scores were significantly better than sequential similar patient’s scores.

Conclusion
The main finding of our study was that bilateral cochlear implants (BiCI) are better than unilateral cochlear implant, and simultaneous BiCI is preferred than the sequential cochlear implant even after escaping the early stage of language development.
Effect of Teriparatide on Bone Remodeling and Density in Premenopausal Idiopathic Osteoporosis: A Phase II Trial
Authors: Cohen Adi , Shiau Stephanie , Nair Nandini , Recker Robert R , Lappe Joan M , Dempster David W , Nickolas Thomas L , Zhou Hua , Agarwal Sanchita , Kamanda-Kosseh Mafo , Bucovsky Mariana , Williams John M , McMahon Donald J , Stubby Julie , Shane Elizabeth 
Published: September 2020

AbstractContextPremenopausal women with idiopathic osteoporosis (IOP) have abnormal skeletal microarchitecture and variable tissue-level bone formation rate (BFR).ObjectivesCompare 6 months (M) of teriparatide versus placebo on areal bone mineral density (aBMD) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bone turnover markers (BTMs) and BFR at 3M by quadruple-labeled transiliac biopsy. Characterize 12M and 24M effects of teriparatide on aBMD and whether BTMs and BFR predict response.Design6M phase 2 randomized controlled trial (RCT) followed by open extension.SettingTertiary referral centers.PatientsPremenopausal women with IOP.InterventionsA total of 41 women were randomized to either teriparatide 20 mcg (n = 28) or placebo (n = 13). After 6M, those on placebo switched to teriparatide for 24M; those on teriparatide continued for 18M.Main Outcome Measures6M RCT: Between-group differences in lumbar spine (LS) aBMD (percent change from baseline), 3M BFR, and hypercalcemia. Open-label extension: Within-group change in LS aBMD over 12M and 24M. Secondary outcomes included aBMD change at other sites and relationship between BTMs, BFR, and changes in aBMD.FindingsOver 6M, LS aBMD increased by 5.5% (95% CI: 3.83, 7.19) in teriparatide and 1.5% (95% CI: −0.73, 3.83) in placebo (P = 0.007). There were increases in 3M BTMs, and BFR (cancellous and endocortical BFR: between-groups P = 0.004). Over 24M, teriparatide increased LS aBMD by 13.2% (95% CI: 10.3, 16.2), total hip by 5.2% (95% CI: 3.7, 6.7) and femoral neck by 5.0% (95% CI: 3.2, 6.7; all P ≤ 0.001). Serum N-terminal propeptides of procollagen type 1 (P1NP) and 3M endocortical BFR were moderately associated with LS aBMD response. Teriparatide was well-tolerated.ConclusionsTeriparatide increased BFR and formation markers and was associated with marked aBMD improvements in most premenopausal women (82%) with IOP.
Predicting Metastatic Potential in Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: A Comparison of PASS and GAPP Scoring Systems
Authors: Wachtel Heather , Hutchens Troy , Baraban Ezra , Schwartz Lauren E , Montone Kathleen , Baloch Zubair , LiVolsi Virginia , Krumeich Lauren , Fraker Douglas L , Nathanson Katherine L , Cohen Debbie L , Fishbein Lauren 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Purpose
The Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal Gland Scaled Score (PASS) and the Grading System for Adrenal Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (GAPP) are scoring systems to predict metastatic potential in pheochromocytomas (PCC) and paragangliomas (PGLs). The goal of this study is to assess PASS and GAPP as metastatic predictors and to correlate with survival outcomes.

Methods
The cohort included PCC/PGL with ≥5 years of follow-up or known metastases. Surgical pathology slides were rereviewed. PASS and GAPP scores were assigned. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, and Cox proportional hazards were performed to assess recurrence-free survival (RFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS).

Results
From 143 subjects, 106 tumors were PCC and 37 were PGL. Metastases developed in 24%. The median PASS score was 6.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 4.0-8.0) and median GAPP score was 3.0 (IQR: 2.0-4.0). Interrater reliability was low–moderate for PASS (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.6082) and good for GAPP (ICC 0.7921). Older age (OR: 0.969, P = .0170) was associated with longer RFS. SDHB germline pathogenic variant (OR: 8.205, P = .0049), extra-adrenal tumor (OR: 6.357, P &lt; .0001), Ki-67 index 1% to 3% (OR: 4.810, P = .0477), and higher GAPP score (OR: 1.537, P = .0047) were associated with shorter RFS. PASS score was not associated with RFS (P = .1779). On Cox regression, a GAPP score in the moderately differentiated range was significantly associated with disease recurrence (HR: 3.367, P = .0184) compared with well-differentiated score.

Conclusion
Higher GAPP scores were associated with aggressive PCC/PGL. PASS score was not associated with metastases and demonstrated significant interobserver variability. Scoring systems for predicting metastatic PCC/PGL may be improved by incorporation of histopathology, clinical data, and germline and somatic tumor markers.
Phosphoregulation of the cytokinetic protein Fic1 contributes to fission yeast growth polarity establishment
Authors: Bohnert K. Adam , Rossi Anthony M. , Jin Quan-Wen , Chen Jun-Song , Gould Kathleen L. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Cellular polarization underlies many facets of cell behavior, including cell growth. The rod-shaped fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a well-established, genetically tractable system for studying growth polarity regulation. S. pombe cells elongate at their two cell tips in a cell cycle-controlled manner, transitioning from monopolar to bipolar growth in interphase when new ends established by the most recent cell division begin to extend. We previously identified cytokinesis as a critical regulator of new end growth and demonstrated that Fic1, a cytokinetic factor, is required for normal polarized growth at new ends. Here, we report that Fic1 is phosphorylated on two C-terminal residues, which are each targeted by multiple protein kinases. Endogenously expressed Fic1 phosphomutants cannot support proper bipolar growth, and the resultant defects facilitate the switch into an invasive pseudohyphal state. Thus, phosphoregulation of Fic1 links the completion of cytokinesis to the re-establishment of polarized growth in the next cell cycle. These findings broaden the scope of signaling events that contribute to regulating S. pombe growth polarity, underscoring that cytokinetic factors constitute relevant targets of kinases affecting new end growth.
This article has an associated First Person interview with Anthony M. Rossi, joint first author of the paper.
Increased supraorganization of respiratory complexes is a dynamic multistep remodelling in response to proteostasis stress
Authors: Rawat Shivali , Ghosh Suparna , Mondal Debodyuti , Anusha Valpadashi , Raychaudhuri Swasti 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded proteins prevents aggregation inside and outside mitochondria. But how do cells safeguard the mitochondrial proteome and mitochondrial functions despite increased aggregation during proteasome inactivation? Here, using a novel two-dimensional complexome profiling strategy, we report increased supraorganization of respiratory complexes (RCs) in proteasome-inhibited cells that occurs simultaneously with increased pelletable aggregation of RC subunits inside mitochondria. Complex II (CII) and complex V (CV) subunits are increasingly incorporated into oligomers. Complex I (CI), complex III (CIII) and complex IV (CIV) subunits are engaged in supercomplex formation. We unravel unique quinary states of supercomplexes during early proteostatic stress that exhibit plasticity and inequivalence of constituent RCs. The core stoichiometry of CI and CIII is preserved, whereas the composition of CIV varies. These partially disintegrated supercomplexes remain functionally competent via conformational optimization. Subsequently, increased stepwise integration of RC subunits into holocomplexes and supercomplexes re-establishes steady-state stoichiometry. Overall, the mechanism of increased supraorganization of RCs mimics the cooperative unfolding and folding pathways for protein folding, but is restricted to RCs and is not observed for any other mitochondrial protein complexes.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
High-throughput multiplexed tandem repeat genotyping using targeted long-read sequencing
Authors: Ganesamoorthy Devika , Yan Mengjia , Murigneux Valentine , Zhou Chenxi , Cao Minh Duc , Duarte Tania P. S. , Coin Lachlan J. M. 
Published: September 2020

Background: Tandem repeats (TRs) are highly prone to variation in copy numbers due to their repetitive and unstable nature, which makes them a major source of genomic variation between individuals. However, population variation of TRs has not been widely explored due to the limitations of existing approaches, which are either low-throughput or restricted to a small subset of TRs. Here, we demonstrate a targeted sequencing approach combined with Nanopore sequencing to overcome these limitations. Methods: We selected 142 TR targets and enriched these regions using Agilent SureSelect target enrichment approach with only 200 ng of input DNA. We barcoded the enriched products and sequenced on Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencer. We used VNTRTyper and Tandem-genotypes to genotype TRs from long-read sequencing data. Gold standard PCR sizing analysis was used to validate genotyping results from targeted sequencing data. Results: We achieved an average of 3062-fold target enrichment on a panel of 142 TR loci, generating an average of 97X coverage per sample with 200 ng of input DNA per sample. We successfully genotyped an average of 75% targets and genotyping rate increased to 91% for the highest-coverage sample for targets with length less than 2 kb, and GC content greater than 25%. Alleles estimated from targeted long-read sequencing were concordant with gold standard PCR sizing analysis and highly correlated with alleles estimated from whole genome long-read sequencing. Conclusions: We demonstrate a targeted long-read sequencing approach that enables simultaneous analysis of hundreds of TRs and accuracy is comparable to PCR sizing analysis. Our approach is feasible to scale for more targets and more samples facilitating large-scale analysis of TRs.
Prevalence and determinants of unmet family planning needs among women of childbearing age in The Gambia: analysis of nationally representative data
Authors: Barrow Amadou , Jobe Amienatta , Okonofua Friday 
Published: September 2020

Background: Family planning is imperative in the control of population growth by preventing unintended pregnancies and reducing other pregnancy-related risks. However, the effectiveness of family planning is constrained by unmet needs. This study determined the proportion and identify factors associated with unmet family planning needs among women of childbearing age in The Gambia. Methods: We utilized cross-sectional population-based Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from Gambian women aged 15-49 years in 2013. The outcome measured was the total unmet/met need for FP. The sample comprised 10,233 women aged 15-49 years old. Chi-square and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used. Results: Of the 10,233 eligible women recruited in the study, the mean age was 27.4±9.1 years while 67.5% were married. Overall, 17.6% of women reported unmet FP need, of whom 14.0% and 3.6% reported unmet birth spacing and birth limitation needs, respectively. The women's age, region, ethnicity, number of live children, number of household/family members, the optimal number of children, and husband/partners’ desire for the children were found as significant determinants of unmet FP needs. Furthermore, breastfeeding has been identified as the key reason for the non-use of FP in mothers. Conclusions: The study findings suggest a need to expand FP programs and related strategic communications especially for younger women in order to improve their contraceptive prevalence. Improving women empowerment and accessibility to FP will help to lessen the current trend towards rising unmet needs in The Gambia.
Impact of virtual reality game therapy and task-specific neurodevelopmental treatment on motor recovery in survivors of stroke
Authors: Kaur Alisha , Balaji Gandhi Karunanithi , Sahana A , Karthikbabu Suruliraj 
Published: September 2020

Background/AimsThis study aimed to compare the impact of virtual reality game therapy and task-specific neurodevelopmental training on the motor recovery of upper limb and trunk control, as well as physical function, in people who have had a stroke.MethodsThis randomised, assessor-blinded clinical trial was conducted with 34 patients with post-stroke duration of 135 ± 23 days. Patients with first-onset cortical stroke aged 40–60 years, Mini-Mental State Examination score >20, ability to complete a nine-hole peg test within 120 seconds, ability to lift the affected arm at shoulder level and independent standing were included. Patients were excluded if they had unilateral neglect and musculoskeletal injuries of the affected limb in the past 2 months. Outcome measures used were the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Scale, Action Research Arm Test, Trunk Impairment Scale and Stroke Impact Scale-16. The virtual reality game therapy group performed interactive table tennis, boxing and discus throwing games. The neurodevelopmental treatment group underwent task-specific movements of the upper limb in sitting and standing. All patients performed 45 minutes of treatment, 5 days a week for 4 weeks.ResultsBoth groups showed improvements in all measures after training (P<0.05). There was a between-group difference of 3.47 points in Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Scale in favour of the virtual reality game therapy.ConclusionsBoth treatment regimens resulted in equal improvements in hand dexterity and trunk control after stroke. Virtual reality game therapy improved the upper limb motor recovery of stroke survivors to a greater extent than neurodevelopmental treatment.
Surgical site infection after hip fracture surgery
Authors: Masters James , Metcalfe David , Ha Joon Soo , Judge Andrew , Costa Matthew L. 
Published: September 2020

Aims This study explores the reported rate of surgical site infection (SSI) after hip fracture surgery in published studies concerning patients treated in the UK. Methods Studies were included if they reported on SSI after any type of surgical treatment for hip fracture. Each study required a minimum of 30 days follow-up and 100 patients. Meta-analysis was undertaken using a random effects model. Heterogeneity was expressed using the I2 statistic. Risk of bias was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) system. Results There were 20 studies reporting data from 88,615 patients. Most were retrospective cohort studies from single centres. The pooled incidence was 2.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54% to 2.62%) across ‘all types’ of hip fracture surgery. When analyzed by operation type, the SSI incidences were: hemiarthroplasty 2.87% (95% CI 1.99% to 3.75%) and sliding hip screw 1.35% (95% CI 0.78% to 1.93%). There was considerable variation in definition of infection used, as well as considerable risk of bias, particularly as few studies actively screened participants for SSI. Conclusion Synthesis of published estimates of infection yield a rate higher than that seen in national surveillance procedures. Biases noted in all studies would trend towards an underestimate, largely due to inadequate follow-up.
Compact deep ultraviolet frequency-doubled Tb:LiYF4 lasers at 272 nm
Authors: Chen Hengjun , Uehara Hiyori , Yasuhara Ryo 
Published: September 2020

A new laser system has been developed to generate coherent deep ultraviolet (DUV) radiation at 272 nm. The DUV lasers were produced via intra-cavity frequency doubling of the

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+

:

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lasers emitting fundamentally at 544 nm. Continuous-wave (cw) and

Q

-switched operations were performed with a type I phase-matched

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−

B
a
B

2

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nonlinear crystal. The cw operation produces 127 mW of averaged DUV output power. Passive

Q

-switched operation was realized by using

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+

:

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2

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saturable absorbers. At an initial transmittance (excluding Fresnel reflections) of 99% at 544 nm, stable pulsed output at 272 nm with maximum single-pulse energy of 7.6 µJ and peak power of 6.1 W was obtained. Furthermore, by employing a smaller initial transmittance of 94.7%, we achieved maximum averaged DUV output power of 277 mW. The statistically averaged single-pulse DUV energy and peak power were estimated to be around 100 µJ and 320 W, respectively, which indicates great potential for this DUV laser system toward high energy and peak power.
Spatial pattern-shifting method for complete two-wavelength fringe projection profilometry: erratum
Authors: Lin Chu , Zheng Dongliang , Kemao Qian , Han Jing , Bai Lianfa 
Published: September 2020

We present an erratum and generalization to our Letter [Opt. Lett.
45, 3115 (2020)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.392102]. This
erratum corrects an error in Eq. (12), and the generalization converts

R
h

to

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h

for more general situations of
wavelengths. Neither has any influence on the conclusions of the
original Letter.
Experience-Dependent Counselor-Client Brain Synchronization during Psychological Counseling
Authors: Zhang Ya , Meng Tian , Yang Yaxi , Hu Yi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe role of the counselor’s experience in building an alliance with the clients remains controversial. Recently, the expanding nascent studies on interpersonal brain synchronization (IBS) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) on human subjects have hinted at the possible neural substrates underlying the relationship qualities between the counselor-client dyads. Our study assessed the clients’ self-report working alliance (WA) as well as simultaneously measured IBS by fNIRS in 14 experienced versus 16 novice counselor-client dyads during the first integrative-orientation psychological counseling session. We observed that synchronous brain activity patterns were elicited from the right temporo-parietal junction (rTPJ) across counselor-client dyads. Furthermore, such IBS, together with alliance quality, was especially evident when counselors had more psychotherapy experience. Time-lagged counselor-client brain synchronization might co-vary with the alliance (goal component) when the client’s brain activity preceded that of the counselor. These findings favor the notion that the IBS between counselor-client associated with the WA is an experience-dependent phenomenon, suggesting that a potential adaptive mechanism is embedded in psychological counseling.
Perfil del consumidor de suplementos nutricionales de las sedes de los gimnasios de la USTA en Bogotá
Authors: Duarte Gomez Johann Sebastian 
Published: September 2020

Objetivo.En Colombia existe un creciente interés por consumir suplementos, sin conocimiento de sus efectos; por ello, es indispensable conocer el perfil del consumidor que asiste a los gimnasios de la USTA en Bogotá. El objetivo fue determinar el perfil del consumidor de suplementos nutricionales en edades de 15 a 35 años en los gimnasios de las sedes de la USTA, a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario de 19 preguntas abiertas y cerradas a 100 voluntarios hombres y mujeres, asistentes a estos gimnasios. Método.Cuantitativo.Resultados y discusión. Se esperaban caracterizar el uso de la suplementación en sedes de gimnasios de la USTA; confirmar que los hombres consumen más suplementos; prefieren batidos proteicos para aumentar su masa muscular. Además, las mujeres consumen principalmente vitaminas y agentes lipolíticos para disminución de masa grasa. Por último, se identificó que un alto porcentaje cree que el consumo de suplementos les ayuda a cumplir sus objetivos.Conclusión.Se conoció que un número considerable de personas que asiste regularmente a gimnasios consume suplementos sin orientación especializada y sin tener que utilizarlos realmente, pero es necesario regular el uso irracional y potencialmente inseguro de los suplementos nutricionales en mejora del rendimiento físico.
Derecho a la atención sanitaria para madres y menores de 18 años afectados con labio y/o paladar hendido en República Dominicana
Authors: Maldonado Maldonado Lorena Alexandra , Morales Borrero María Carolina , Guadalupe Silva María 
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: identificar y describir, desde la perspectiva del derecho fundamental a la salud, la garantía de la atención sanitaria en menores dominicanos afectados con labio y/o paladar hendido (LPH) y sus madres. Métodos: en tanto este es un estudio descriptivo, se realizaron encuestas semiestructuradas y se aplicó la observación no participante en los territorios de residencia de familias con menores afectados por LPH, atendidos en una fundación de República Dominicana. Resultados: la mayoría de familias afectadas por LPH pertenecen a clases sociales vulnerables con limitada capacidad de pago para adquirir seguros de salud. De las 39 familias abordadas, 26 madres no contaron con seguro de salud durante la gestación, pero los 39 pacientes con LPH sí contaban con algún tipo de aseguramiento. Se evidenció negación sistemática en la prestación de servicios sanitarios, barreras administrativas, invisibilización de la problemática del LPH en los servicios de salud y en definitiva, un sistema de salud excluyente en la práctica. Conclusión: pese a que la atención sanitaria a gestantes y menores de 18 años se reconoce constitucionalmente como un derecho fundamental a cargo del Estado, la forma en que opera el sistema de salud dominicano supedita la atención a la capacidad de pago de las familias, lo que genera inequidades sociales y sanitarias que vulneran el goce efectivo del derecho a la salud de las madres y los menores que nacen con LPH.