bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Real World of Arsenic Uses in Chinese with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Zhu Hong-Hu , Zheng Feng-Mei , Huang Xiao-Jun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
Arsenic has become first-line treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) since 2013 according to NCCN Guidelines Acute Myeloid Leukemia Version 2.2013, but little information is available about the real world of arsenic uses in China. We aimed to evaluate the usage of arsenic and assess the current status of the treatment of APL in China.
METHODS:
Noninterventional, cross-sectional survey using electronic questionnaires distributed to APL patients and answered anonymously.
RESULTS:
In total, 237 respondents were evaluable and 120 respondents (50.6%) were male. Median age was 40 years (range 15-68 years). Median time from diagnosis to this survey was 15 months. Valid submissions came from 28 of 34 provinces and municipalities. There were 77.64% respondents hospitalized within three days since diagnosis. The percentage of respondents received arsenic during induction treatment was 73.8% (175/237), including arsenic trioxide (ATO) (n=136) and oral arsenic (n=39). However, the percentage increased up to 100% (237/237) during the post-remission treatment phase, including ATO (n=137) and oral arsenic (n=100). Interestingly, 32.9% respondents considered the costs of ATO acceptable by themselves. However, 92.4% respondents regarded the burden of oral arsenic was high because it was not covered by health insurance, and 95.8% respondents appeal to oral arsenic covered by health insurance. The proportion of respondents covered by Basic Insurance for Urban Employees, Basic Insurance for Urban Residents, the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme and Commercial insurance were 3.8%, 44.3%, 38.4% and 5.9%. In total, 99.16% respondents hope to receive a chemotherapy-free outpatient treatment protocol
CONCLUSIONS:
High proportion of APL patients received arsenic as first-line treatment in China, which may result from the relative low price of arsenic. A chemotherapy-free outpatient treatment model worthy to explore.

Disclosures
No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Patient-Reported Symptoms in the Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Crilley Pamela Ann , Albu Daniela , Denny Diane , Topolsky David , Bosch Brandon , Parikh Ankur , Hartman Scott , Markman Maurie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND : In patients with hematologic malignancies symptoms related to the disease and its treatment remain a major problem in patient care. With the advent of new treatment including immunotherapy and targeted therapies the potential for prolonged life and additional treatment is increasing. Patient self-reported symptom burden during periods of observation and treatment are infrequently reported but highly relevant to patient care. Assessment of patient-reported outcomes may allow for improvement in the management of symptoms and communication with providers.
The Symptom Inventory Tool (SIT) is an assessment tool that captures patient's perceived symptom burden for real-time clinical intervention, taken at baseline and every 21 days or greater. It is comprised of 19 questions from the validated M.D. Anderson SIT (MDASI) (Cleeland CS, Cancer 2013.) and 8 additional questions added by CTCA for additional evaluation of patient symptoms.
PATIENTS & METHODS:
Patients reported symptoms intensity using the SIT: 19-item MDASI and 8 additional questions added by CTCA (constipation, swelling, mouth soreness, bleeding, sexual interest, family, hope & overall QOL). Symptoms were rated "at the worst" on an 11-point numeric scale ranging from 0 ('none present") to 10 ("as bad as you can imagine") in the previous 24 hours. SIT became an integral part of patient care at CTCA beginning in 2012.
RESULTS: From 2012 to 2016, a total of 230 patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies were evaluated at CTCA-ERMC. 108 patients that had two or more SIT data points were selected for analysis. A total of 830 assessments were analyzed. The assessments consisted of 108 completed at baseline, 107 completed at the 2nd follow-up, and 613 at 3rd follow-up or greater. Median age was 51 years (range, 18-78). Race: white (65%) black (32%) and other (2%). The average time since diagnosis was 41 months, and 32% of the patients had received prior systemic therapy. Table 1 shows the 5 most reported symptoms of entire sample with approximately 30% reported improvement from the baseline to the second assessment. Table 2 shows a subset of 35 patients that reported severe scores of > 8 for five symptoms that had clinically significant improvement from baseline to 2nd assessment.
CONCLUSIONS: The SIT was successful in identifying symptom burden and interference with life issues in patients with hematologic malignancies. Early identification of patient symptom burden may allow for faster intervention and improvement in patient outcomes.

Disclosures
No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
THE ADHESION OF DOG PLATELETS TO BACTERIA
Authors: HOULIHAN RALPH B. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Streptococci and staphylococci, when added to platelet-rich plasma, serum, and defibrinated blood of the dog, are quickly enmeshed by large clumps of platelets. The factor responsible for this reaction is present in the plasma. It is heat-labile, is inactivated by adsorption with Kieselguhr and bacteria, and is partially inactivated by shaking. The activity of this factor is depressed in the presence of sodium citrate.
STUDIES ON PLATELETS
Authors: COPLEY ALFRED L. , HOULIHAN RALPH B. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
1. Two methods for the isolation of platelets are described in detail. Employing both methods, 55 isolations were made from 31 human beings and 20 isolations from 20 dogs. Both methods are based on the principle of using the platelet layer obtained by repeated fractional centrifugation.
2. The Blood Anticoagulant Platelet Isolation (A) differs from the Blood Saline Platelet Isolation (B). In Method A the following anticoagulants were used: sodium heparin, in various concentrations; sodium citrate; sodium oxalate; and magnesium sulfate. In Method B 10 to 15 parts of saline were added to 1 part blood to keep the blood incoagulable.
3. Special Platelet Isolation (P-I) tubes were designed to isolate the platelets in the final steps.
4. In both methods the platelets were washed with chilled 0.9 per cent sodium chloride solution. The final platelet suspension in saline was obtained free from red and white cells and plasma after six to seven centrifugations and washings.
5. Method A has the advantage of being less laborious. Method B may be preferred for studies of platelets obtained without anticoagulants.
6. The approximate platelet yield in each method varied greatly. It was found that high concentrations of heparin did not produce the highest yields of platelets.
7. Decreases of more than 25 per cent of the initial count were considered significant. The platelets isolated from blood containing sodium heparin, sodium citrate, and sodium oxalate did not significantly decrease in number following storage for a fairly long time. However, platelets isolated using magnesium sulfate and saline did decrease significantly after one to three days’ storage at 1 to 4°C.
8. The isolated platelets did not appear to be morphologically altered. The cell outline was regular and the size did not vary extremely.
9. Both methods are recommended for securing pure platelet suspensions. Such suspensions should prove to be very satisfactory for studies of the physiology, the chemical constitution, and the physical properties of the mammalian blood platelet.
IN VITRO STUDY OF BONE MARROW
Authors: PLUM CLAUS MUNK 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Certain problems in erythrocytogenesis have been studied by means of the in vitro culture of bone marrow. A few conclusions have been reached by this method:
1. Liver extract stimulates production of mature erythrocytes.
2. Plasma contains substances which stimulate the production of mature erythrocytes.
3. Plasma in anemic individuals (anemia of bleeding) probably contains substances which stimulate the production of mature erythrocytes; and the greater the anemia, the greater the stimulation.
4. Mitoses do not account for the production of mature erythrocytes from erythroblasts. Erythropoiesis rather occurs in two stages, in the first of which mitosis is of prime importance, and in the second of which gemmation of erythroblasts is the main mechanism.
THE HISTOPATHOLOGY OF LESIONS IN THE BONE MARROW OF PATIENTS HAVING ACTIVE BRUCELLOSIS
Authors: SUNDBERG R. DOROTHY , SPINK WESLEY W. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
1. Aspirated sternal bone marrow was studied in 9 patients with active brucellosis. Eight of the 9 patients had a demonstrable bacteremia due to Br. abortus.
2. Particles of marrow in 4 of the 9 patients revealed the presence of granulomatous lesions. In 1 case, the presence of a relatively large lesion permitted the study of the lesion in detail by means of serial sections. The alterations in the cellular pattern of the marrow and of the peripheral blood of the 9 patients were described.
3. The histopathology of the marrow in active brucellosis has been compared with the alterations in the other organs and tissues as reported in the literature. Comparisons have also been made between the granulomatous lesions in the marrow of brucellosis and those found in tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.
4. Aspirated sternal marrow for cultural and histological purposes merits further consideration as a diagnostic aid in active brucellosis.
A PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY OF ERYTHROBLASTS IN THE DUCK
Authors: ROSTORFER H. H. , RIGDON R. H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
1. A method for the separation of erythroblasts in quantity from normal red cells in the blood of ducks infected with malaria has been described.
2. The erythroblasts in comparison to the normal adult red cells of the duck have a larger cell volume, less hemoglobin, and show a greater discrepancy between the colorimetric hemoglobin and hemoglobin calculated from the oxygen capacity.
3. The erythroblasts in the duck use four to five times the amount of oxygen that is consumed by the adult red cells in the ducks.
4. The function and possible fates of the erythroblasts which occur in the duck during the anemia caused by malaria are discussed.
Interaction between COX-1 and COX-2 increases susceptibility to ischemic stroke in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhao Lei , Fang Jinghuan , Zhou Muke , Zhou Jie , Yu Lihua , Chen Ning , He Li 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Mutations of cyclooxygenase gene (COX gene) may increase the susceptibility of ischemic stroke. We investigated five variants (rs5788, rs1330344, rs3842788, rs20417, and rs689466) of two COX genes in order to explaining the association between these polymorphisms and we also investigated the association between these variants and ischemic stroke risk to determine whether gene–gene interaction between these genes increases the susceptibility of ischemic stroke or its subtypes.

Methods
A total of 1981 study subjects (1078 cases and 903 control subjects) were recruited. The interaction of multiple factors was investigated using Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction. The additive effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms on ischemic stroke or its subtypes were analyzed by multiple factor logistic regression.

Results
At COX-1(rs1330344), AA genotype carriers had a lower susceptibility of ischemic stroke (OR = 0.657, 95%CI = 0.437–0.988, P = 0.044), and A allele carriers had a lower susceptibility of ischemic stroke (OR = 0.812, 95%CI = 0.657–0.978, P = 0.029). At COX-1(rs3842788), AA genotype carriers had a higher susceptibility of ischemic stroke (OR = 5.203, 95% CI = 1.519–5.159, P = 0.016). At COX-2 (rs689466), AA genotype carriers had a higher susceptibility of large-artery atherosclerosis (OR = 1.404, 95% CI = 1.019–1.934, P = 0.038). COX-1(rs1330344, rs3842788) and COX-2 rs689466 interacted in SVO, but had no additive effect with ischemic stroke and other subtypes.

Conclusions
At rs1330344, AA genotype may reduce the susceptibility of ischemic stroke. At rs3842788, AA genotype may increase the susceptibility of ischemic stroke. At rs689466, AA genotype may increase the susceptibility of large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA). COX − 1(rs1330344, rs3842788) and COX-2 rs689466 interacted in small vessel occlusion (SVO), but had no additive effect with ischemic stroke and other subtypes.
Determinants of breast cancer in Saudi women from Makkah region: a case-control study (breast cancer risk factors among Saudi women)
Authors: Alsolami Fatmah J. , Azzeh Firas S. , Ghafouri Khloud J. , Ghaith Mazen M. , Almaimani Riyad A. , Almasmoum Hussain A. , Abdulal Rwaa H. , Abdulaal Wesam H. , Jazar Abdelelah S. , Tashtoush Sufyan H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are various factors that play a major role in influencing the overall health conditions of women diagnosed with breast cancer. The population of women in Makkah region are diverse, therefore it is significant to highlight the possible determinants of breast cancer in this population. This is a case-control study that assessed determinants of breast cancer including socioeconomic factors, health-related characteristics, menstrual histories and breastfeeding among postmenopausal women in Makkah region in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA total of 432 female participants (214 cases and 218 controls) were recruited for this study. A validated questionnaire was completed by trained dietitians at King Abdullah Medical City Hospital in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia.ResultsResults displayed that determinants of breast cancer were associated significantly (P < 0.05) with unemployment, large family size, lack of knowledge and awareness about breast cancer, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, starting menarche at an early age, as well as hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptive use. There was no effect of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and duration of breastfeeding on the incidence of breast cancer.ConclusionIn summary, the results of this study accentuate the possible effect of socioeconomic factors, health-related characteristics and menstrual history on the incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women in the Makkah region. Education programs should be applied to increase breast cancer awareness and possibly decrease its incidence.
Spontaneous disappearance and recurrence of impending macular hole: a case report
Authors: Miyamoto Makiko , Shimizu Kazuhiro , Sato Yohei , Konose Bunsei , Mano Natsuko , Watanabe Hiroko , Ikeda Tsunehiko 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
There have been several reports of spontaneous closure and reopening of a macular hole, however, in most of those cases, it was observed in eyes post vitrectomy. Here, we report a case of multiple episodes of spontaneous disappearance and recurrence of impending macular hole (stage 1B macular hole) with no history of previous surgery.

Case presentation
A 76-year-old Japanese man presented with a primary complaint of reduced visual acuity in his right eye. On initial examination, the visual acuity in his right and left eye was 0.4 and 0.01, respectively. He had previously been diagnosed as having macular degeneration of unknown origin in his left eye. Optical coherence tomography imaging confirmed vitreomacular traction and impending macular hole in his right eye. After a 1-week follow-up period, posterior vitreous detachment was detected, and the impending macular hole appeared to be resolved. Two months later, the impending macular hole had completely disappeared and his visual acuity had improved to 0.9. Six months later, he again noticed decreased vision in his right eye. An examination revealed that his visual acuity had dropped to 0.4, and there was a recurrence of impending macular hole. An optical coherence tomography examination showed no definitive findings of vitreous traction, and, 1 month later, spontaneous disappearance was observed again and his visual acuity improved to 0.7.

Conclusions
In this case, both the initial onset and the recurrence involved impending macular hole, however, the optical coherence tomography findings differed at each examination. These findings suggest that some causes other than vitreous traction were responsible for both the spontaneous disappearance and recurrence of the impending macular hole in this present case.
Preliminary report of a novel formulation of clinical-grade, fully matured, tumor-associated peptide-loaded dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Mirandola Leonardo , Chiriva-Internati Maurizio , Bresalier Robert , Marincola Francesco M. , Figueroa Jose A. , Dahlbeck Scott 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
We developed and clinically test a new method to manufacture mature dendritic cells for autologous cell therapy of solid and hematological malignancies.

Methods
Peripheral blood monocytes are matured into dendritic cells with GM-CSF/IL-4 mixture, and then activated through IL1b, TNFa, IFNa-2A, and Poly(I:C), then viably frozen until use. DC are injected intra-dermally for a total of 6 injections.

Results
High-grade mDC with high pre- and post- freezing yields could be generated. These DC spontaneously produce IL12p70 and they can be further stimulated via CD40. In a patient with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with our mDC formulation, we observed no toxicity but remarkable immune response and objective response in terms of tumor shrinking.

Conclusion
We describe a new method to manufacture GMP-grade dendritic cells for autologous therapeutic cancer vaccines. We also show proof-of-principle efficacy in a patient with advanced pancreatic cancer.

Trial registration
NCT02705703.
A szociális és az érzelmi kompetencia összetevőinek fejlesztésére irányuló néhány program a nemzetközi és a hazai gyakorlatban
Authors: Hegedűs Szilvia 
Published: November 2019

A szociális és érzelmi készségek fejlesztésének kérdése régóta jelen van a neveléstudomány és a pszichológia területén. Nemzetközi szinten folyamatosan születnek olyan programok, amelyek a társas viselkedéshez szükséges különböző képességeket és készségeket fejleszthetik, mindezekhez pedig egyre több innovatív módszert és eszközt alkalmaznak. A hazai gyakorlatban is az életkori csoportok széles skáláján egyre több szakmai csoport foglalkozik e készségek fejlesztésével. Jelen tanulmány célja az utóbbi néhány évben megjelent fejlesztő kísérletek bemutatása, amelyek intézményes környezetben kipróbálásra kerültek, és hatékonyságuk miatt rendszerszintű alkalmazásuk is ajánlott lehet.
Personalized precision medicine
Authors: Konieczny Leszek , Roterman Irena 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Along with the development of modern science, medical knowledge and therapy become more and more precise and personal as a consequence. Genetics and immunology participate in the progress in particular. They open the way to molecular knowledge, allowing precise interpretation of pathology in individual cases followed by finding proper therapy. However, the large-scale improvement of medical efficacy seems to be achieved with the development of screening tests that, being not invasive and cheap, may allow for personal repeatable use and early revealing of threatening diseases.
The Effect of the Second Child on the Anthropometric Outcomes and Nutrition Intake of the First Child: Evidence from the Relaxation of the One-Child Policy in Rural China
Authors: Chen Cheng , Chou Shin-Yi , Wang Cheng , Zhao Wangyang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper attempts to isolate the actual effect of the second child on the anthropometric outcomes and nutrition intake of the first child in rural China, using an exogenous increase in child quantity due to the relaxation of the One-Child Policy (OCP). We utilize both temporal and geographic variation in the OCP, as families are less likely to have the second child if the OCP in their community is strictly enforced after the birth of their first child. Based on a sample of children aged 6–17 from the 1991–2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey, we find that an increase in the number of children significantly decreases the weight and height of first-born girls, but not first-born boys. The worse anthropometric outcomes could be due to the change in the dietary pattern—compared with the only children, first-born girls in two-child families tend to intake less high-fat and high-protein food (e. g. meats, poultry, and milk).
What’s the Point? Syntax, Meter and Punctuation in the Old Saxon ›Hêliand‹
Authors: Sundquist John D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study examines the use of punctuation in the two main manuscripts of the Old Saxon ›Hêliand‹. Data are presented on the use ofpunctūsin MS M and MS C and the occurrence of such elevated points to mark syntactic and metrical boundaries. As a point of departure, I challenge a claim by Sievers (1878) who stated that punctuation in the ›Hêliand‹ is completely arbitrary. Contrary to Sievers, I suggest that pointing in the two manuscripts is relatively systematic as a means to indicate syntactic and metrical boundaries and that each manuscript exhibits its own unique pattern. This evidence sheds light on the issue of how the manuscripts were used at the time that they were transcribed.
Impact of delta check time intervals on error detection capability
Authors: Tan Rui Zhen , Markus Corey , Loh Tze Ping 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The delta check time interval limit is the maximum time window within which two sequential results of a patient will be evaluated by the delta check rule. The impact of time interval on delta check performance is not well studied.

Methods
De-identified historical laboratory data were extracted from the laboratory information system and divided into children (≤18 years) and adults (>21 years). The relative and absolute differences of the original pair of results from each patient were compared against the delta check limits associated with 90% specificity. The data were then randomly reshuffled to simulate a switched (misidentified) sample scenario. The data were divided into 1-day, 3-day, 7-day, 14-day, 1-month, 3-month, 6-month and 1-year time interval bins. The true positive- and false-positive rates at different intervals were examined.

Results
Overall, 24 biochemical and 20 haematological tests were analysed. For nearly all the analytes, there was no statistical evidence of any difference in the true- or false-positive rates of the delta check rules at different time intervals when compared to the overall data. The only exceptions to this were mean corpuscular volume (using both relative- and absolute-difference delta check) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (only absolute-difference delta check) in the children population, where the false-positive rates became significantly lower at 1-year interval.

Conclusions
This study showed that there is no optimal delta check time interval. This fills an important evidence gap for future guidance development.