bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastric foveolar elongation causes invisibility of regular arrangement of collecting venules in chronic active and inactive gastritis
Authors: Yuan Cong , Lin Xue‐Mei , Ou Yan , Cheng Qian , Cai Lin , Zhou Ping , Liao Juan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesHelicobacter pylori(H pylori) infection is the most common cause of gastritis. The disappearance of regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC) is well known as one of the main manifestations ofH pylori‐affected gastritis while the reason behind it remains obscure. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between invisibility of RAC and the length of gastric foveolae.Methods43 RAC‐positive and 118 RAC‐negative patients were enrolled. Gastric biopsy specimens were obtained from lesser and greater curvature of the corpus with RAC‐positive or RAC‐negative pattern. Histopathological evaluation was performed based on the updated Sydney System, and foveolar length was derived by a morphometric technique.ResultsThe median gastric foveolar length in RAC‐positive group (median [IQR], 138.54 μm [120.50, 159.09]) was significantly shorter than that in the RAC‐negative group (median [IQR], 260.96 μm [217.40, 315.23],P < .05). The length of gastric foveolae in chronic active gastritis (RAC‐negative, activity grades 1, 2, and 3) and inactive gastritis (RAC‐negative, activity grade 0) was longer than that in normal group (RAC‐positive, activity grade 0) (P < .05). The optimal cutoff value for gastric foveolae length of the corpus mucosa showing RAC‐negative pattern was more than 181.53 μm. The sensitivity and specificity of more than cutoff value for predicting the invisibility of RAC were 93.03% and 91.78%, respectively.ConclusionsThe elongation of gastric foveolae caused the invisibility of RAC in gastric corpus mucosa in chronic active and inactive gastritis on gastroendoscopy.
Antithrombin attenuates the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating neutrophil/interleukin‐8 signaling
Authors: Okimoto Sho , Tashiro Hirotaka , Iwako Hiroshi , Kuroda Shintaro , Kobayashi Tsuyoshi , Hinoi Takao , Ohdan Hideki 
Published: November 2020

AimInflammation plays an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Here, we examined whether antithrombin (AT) plays a role in attenuating HCC progression, via its anti‐inflammatory effects.MethodsHCCs were developed in AT‐insufficient (AT+/−) mice and wild‐type (AT+/+) mice treated with diethyl nitrosamine and carbon tetrachloride. AT was administered to AT+/− mice. The development of HCC was compared between the three groups. In vitro study, migration assay was performed. The association of the prognosis of patients with HCC and plasma AT values was clinically examined.ResultsAT suppressed the release of interleukin (IL)‐8 from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated human neutrophils in vitro. Huh‐7 cells that were co‐cultured with neutrophils and stimulated with LPS showed significantly enhanced migration; however, Huh‐7 cells co‐cultured with LPS/AT‐stimulated neutrophils showed significantly decreased migration. Moreover, the addition of anti‐IL‐8 antibodies to LPS‐stimulated Huh‐7 cells co‐cultured with neutrophils also suppressed migration. AT+/− mice (AT plasma activity: 64%) promoted liver cancer, as compared with wild‐type mice (AT plasma activity: 135%); AT administration attenuated liver cancer in AT+/− mice. Patients with HCC with a preoperative AT level of ≥70% showed better outcomes after liver resection, as compared with those with an AT level of <70%. IL‐8 expression and neutrophil infiltration in HCC tissues were negatively correlated with the AT level.ConclusionsAT attenuates HCC progression by regulating neutrophil/IL‐8 signaling.
Safety and efficacy of sorafenib followed by regorafenib or lenvatinib in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Terashima Takeshi , Yamashita Tatsuya , Takata Noboru , Takeda Yasuhito , Kido Hidenori , Iida Noriho , Kitahara Masaaki , Shimakami Tetsuro , Takatori Hajime , Arai Kuniaki , Kawaguchi Kazunori , Kitamura Kazuya , Yamashita Taro , Sakai Yoshio , Mizukoshi Eishiro , Honda Masao , Kaneko Shuichi 
Published: November 2020

AimSequential administration of sorafenib followed by regorafenib or lenvatinib is effective against advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we compared the safety profiles and anti‐tumor effects of sequential sorafenib and regorafenib or lenvatinib therapy in patients with HCC.MethodsWe investigated adverse events, treatment responses and dose intensities in patients with HCC who were consecutively treated with sorafenib followed by regorafenib or lenvatinib at the individual level.ResultsEach group included 20 patients. The safety profiles of regorafenib and sorafenib were similar. The severity of hypophosphatemia, palmar‐plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, and decreased neutrophil counts associated with regorafenib or sorafenib was similar in 12 patients. Conversely, the incidences and grades of adverse events differed between sorafenib and lenvatinib treatment. The anti‐tumor effects of regorafenib and lenvatinib compared with sorafenib were significantly different for each patient. The response to treatment and progression‐free survival were comparable for regorafenib and lenvatinib. The median relative dose intensities during the first 56 days of regorafenib and lenvatinib treatment were 83.6 and 80.0%, respectively.ConclusionsSimilar adverse events were experienced by patients during consecutive treatment with sorafenib and regorafenib, which was not observed during treatment with sorafenib and lenvatinib. The obtained safety profile of sorafenib provided meaningful insights for selecting sequential therapy for patients with advanced HCC.
Adhesion molecule immunophenotype of bone marrow multiple myeloma plasma cells impacts the presence of malignant circulating plasma cells in peripheral blood
Authors: Klimienė Indrė , Radzevičius Mantas , Matuzevičienė Rėda , Sinkevič‐Belliot Katažina , Kučinskienė Zita Aušrelė , Pečeliūnas Valdas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionMultiple myeloma (MM) patients with malignant plasma cells (MMPCs) in their bone marrow (BM) and malignant circulating plasma cells (MMCPCs) in the peripheral blood (PB) are an independent marker of a clinically aggressive disease, and it reflects a poor prognosis defined by a short time to progression and overall survival. We hypothesized that changes in ADM expression on BM MMPCs might contribute to MMCPC presence in the PB of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients.MethodsWe assessed the difference in expression of adhesion molecules and receptors related to cell‐cell interaction: integrins, hyaluronic acid receptors, chemokine receptors and other proteins on healthy donor PCs, RRMM BM and PB MMPCs.ResultsAdhesion immunophenotype showed a significant loss of many adhesion molecules when comparing BM MMPCs of MMCPC− and MMCPC+ MM patients (CD49d, CD49e, CD56, CD138). Further decrease of adhesion molecules was shown in MMCPCs (CD49d, CD49e, CD56, CD138, CD58), suggesting that loss of these molecules may allow cells to leave the BM.ConclusionsLoss of adhesion molecule expression enables MMPCs to leave the BM milieu and enter the PB. These changes can be seen in both the PB and BM of MMCPC+ MM patient.
Mental health nurses' perspectives of people who self‐harm
Authors: McGough Shirley , Wynaden Dianne , Ngune Irene , Janerka Carrie , Hasking Penelope , Rees Clare 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSelf‐harm is a significant health issue, a leading cause of serious injury and is an indicator of psychological distress. Nurses play an important role in providing therapeutic care to people who self‐harm. The aim of this study was to explore mental health nurses’ (MHNs) experience of working with people who self‐harm. Data were collected using semi‐structured interviews and transcribed verbatim from 14 MHNs across Australia. Elo and Kyngäs’ inductive content analysis was used to extract meaning from the data which is reported in accordance with the consolidated criteria for qualitative research guidelines (COREQ). Two categories were identified which captured the MHNs’ experiences of working with people who self‐harm: (i) Nurses’ level of preparedness to work with people who self‐harm; and (ii) The healthcare system. Several sub‐categories were identified. Attitudes, knowledge, skills, and support from others influenced their experience of working with people who self‐harm. Clinical and life experience, undergraduate programme preparation and ongoing education all contributed towards developing therapeutic care with this group of patients. Nurses are vital in the care of people who self‐harm and an accurate understanding of the functions of self‐harm focuses therapeutic interactions to manage psychological distress and reduce further self‐harm and lessen the risk of suicide.
Treating in Place: Acute Care for Long‐Stay Residents in Nursing Facilities Under a CMS Initiative
Authors: Segelman Micah , Ingber Melvin J. , Feng Zhanlian , Khatutsky Galina , Bercaw Lawren , Gasdaska Angela , Huber Benjamin , Voltmer Helena 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESNursing facility (NF) residents are commonly hospitalized, and many of these hospitalizations may be avoidable. A Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) initiative enables participating NFs to bill Medicare for providing on‐site acute care to long‐stay residents diagnosed with one of six ambulatory care sensitive conditions (pneumonia, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dehydration, skin infection, and urinary tract infection) that account for many avoidable hospitalizations. This study describes the frequency of initiative‐related treatment for the six conditions, both on site and in the hospital, and the health status of residents who were treated.DESIGNWe used the Minimum Data Set V3.0 and Medicare data to identify eligible residents, detect on‐site treatment under the initiative as well as in‐hospital treatment both before and during the initiative, and measure health status.SETTINGParticipating NFs during fiscal years 2017 to 2018.PARTICIPANTSThere were 47,202 long‐stay NF residents from 260 facilities in seven states.INTERVENTIONCMS initiative to reduce avoidable hospitalizations among NF residents—payment reform.MEASUREMENTSPercentage per year who received on‐site treatment (2017–2018), and who received in‐hospital treatment (2014–2018), for the six conditions.RESULTSEach year, approximately 20% of residents received treatment on site during 2017 to 2018, and under 10% received treatment in the hospital during 2014 to 2018, with little change over these years. Residents treated on site had less chronic illness than those treated in the hospital.CONCLUSIONAlthough the initiative sought to reduce hospitalizations, in‐hospital treatment for the six conditions did not substantially change after initiative implementation, despite substantial new billing for on‐site treatment for those conditions. These findings suggest that many residents treated on site would likely not have been hospitalized even absent the initiative. The residents treated on site tended to have fewer chronic conditions than those treated in the hospital.
Para rubber seed oil: The safe and efficient bio‐material for hair loss treatment
Authors: Lourith Nattaya , Kanlayavattanakul Mayuree , Chaikul Puxvadee 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesPara rubber (Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Müll. Arg.)) is the important crop of the word. It has been vastly used in biomedical products. However, its pharmacologically application besides the latex is sparely to be explored especially the seed. Cellular biological activities of the standardized para rubber seed oil for hair loss treatment were therefore assessed.MethodsPara rubber seed oil was prepared and standardized using GC/MS on the basis of its pharmacologically active fatty acids. The oil was safety assessed in human dermal papilla and DU‐145 human prostate carcinoma. Cellular antioxidant activity was determined as well as proliferation stimulating efficacy and inhibitory effect against 5α‐reductase.ResultsOleic acid, fatty acid of cutaneous benefits, was majorly detected in the oil and followed by linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acids. The standardized para rubber seed oil was proved to be safe on human follicle dermal papilla and DU‐145 human prostate carcinoma at the concentration of 0.1‐50 and 0.1‐100 µg/mL, respectively. The standardized para rubber seed oil stimulated the cell proliferation and posed cellular antioxidant activity in human dermal papilla at a comparable potency to minoxidil, dutasteride and vitamin C at the same tested concentration. In addition, the standardized para rubber seed oil inhibited 5α‐reductase as examined in DU‐145 human prostate carcinoma, although at a lesser degree than the standards at the same tested concentration.ConclusionsThe standardized para rubber seed oil is evidenced as the safe and efficient bio‐oil to be used for hair growth stimulating or reduce/suppress hair loss treatment.
The effect of anticoagulants on oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review
Authors: Lin Zichen , Ling Li‐Qiao R. , Ng Mabel , Matlub Laith , Mehta Kunal , Linus Roshine A. , Looker Mitchell J. , Melia Yovita , Loong Junhan , Paolini Rita , Farah Camile S. , Celentano Antonio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTumour progression allows for aberrant angiogenesis. Consequently, cancer‐associated thrombosis is a prevalent complication that is coupled with poor prognosis. Anticoagulants have therefore been prescribed with chemotherapeutic agents to target potential thrombo‐embolic risk. A systematic review was carried out to summarise existing evidence on the interactions between anticoagulants and oral cancer. This treatment paradigm has demonstrated beneficial results in some oncology patients, thus associating anticoagulants with anticancer effects. Increasing prevalence of oral cancer presents a need to source alternative therapeutic means to prevent disease progression, and thus the use of anticoagulants in these patients may provide an avenue for this to occur. The paucity of evidence regarding the interactions between oral squamous cell carcinoma and anticoagulants emphasises the urgency with which further research should be conducted.
Assessing the analytical efficacy of TEX in diagnosing oral cancer using a systematic review approach
Authors: Sahu Suchanda , Routray Samapika 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe 5‐year survival rates in OSCC depend on the stage at diagnosis. Patients have better survival and favourable outcomes if detected early, as compared to those diagnosed in advanced stages. Apart from biopsy and mucosal scraping examinations, exosomes from saliva and blood are emerging as an accessible source for diagnosis and providing additional information about the tumour's characteristics. Hence, the study of tumour‐derived exosomal (TEX) biomarkers obtained from a liquid biopsy is emerging as a promising diagnostic tool. In this systematic review, our effort is to assess the role of TEX as a biomarker.
Utilizing public health data to geotarget hepatitis C virus elimination approaches in urban and rural Michigan
Authors: Weinheimer‐Haus Eileen M. , Yu Xianshi , Singal Amit G. , Naylor Keith B. , Ammori Candice , Coyle Joseph , Nallamothu Brahmajee K. , Witala Wyndy , Zhu Ji , Waljee Akbar K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUsing Michigan public health data, we assessed geographical access to specialist providers for hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment in urban and rural areas in Michigan and explored correlates of HCV in these areas to help inform HCV elimination planning and resource allocations. We found higher HCV incidence in urban areas, lower treatment specialist access in rural areas, but few correlates of HCV across adult populations in both areas. State and local HCV elimination planning should include population‐based screening among all adults and address geographical barriers to care.
Esophageal hypercontractility is abolished by cholinergic blockade
Authors: Babaei Arash , Shad Sadaf , Massey Benson T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal hypercontractility (EHC) is considered a major esophageal motor disorder of unclear etiology. Different mechanisms have been proposed, including an imbalance in inhibitory and excitatory esophageal innervation. We hypothesized that patients with EHC suffer from cholinergic hyperactivity.AimTo interrogate the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in EHC by assessing the esophageal motor response to atropine (ATR) and cholecystokinin (CCK), respectively, in EHC patients.MethodWe retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent high‐resolution manometry (HRM) with pharmacologic challenge in a tertiary referral center between 2007 and 2017. We identified 49 EHC patients who were categorized based on frequency of hypercontractile peristaltic sequence into “frequent” and “infrequent” and motility diagnosis groups. Deglutitive pressure metrics and esophageal motor responses to ATR (12 mcg/kg iv) and CCK (40 ng/kg iv) were analyzed across groups.ResultsAtropine abolished hypercontractility across all groups studied, converting nearly half of patients to a motor pattern of ineffective esophageal motility. Abnormal CCK responses primarily occurred in the patient groups with concomitant outflow obstruction.ConclusionsHypercontractility is cholinergically mediated in all esophageal motor disorders. Most patients with isolated EHC appear to have excessive cholinergic drive, rather than loss of inhibitory innervation, and might be candidates for treatment with anticholinergic agents.
Frontiers in cancer immunotherapy—a symposium report
Authors: Cable Jennifer , Greenbaum Benjamin , Pe'er Dana , Bollard Catherine M. , Bruni Sofia , Griffin Matthew E. , Allison James P. , Wu Catherine J. , Subudhi Sumit K. , Mardis Elaine R. , Brentjens Renier , Sosman Jeffry A. , Cemerski Saso , Zavitsanou Anastasia‐Maria , Proia Theresa , Egeblad Mikala , Nolan Garry , Goswami Sangeeta , Spranger Stefani , Mackall Crystal L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCancer immunotherapy has dramatically changed the approach to cancer treatment. The aim of targeting the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells has afforded many patients the prospect of achieving deep, long‐term remission and potential cures. However, many challenges remain for achieving the goal of effective immunotherapy for all cancer patients. Checkpoint inhibitors have been able to achieve long‐term responses in a minority of patients, yet improving response rates with combination therapies increases the possibility of toxicity. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells have demonstrated high response rates in hematological cancers, although most patients experience relapse. In addition, some cancers are notoriously immunologically “cold” and typically are not effective targets for immunotherapy. Overcoming these obstacles will require new strategies to improve upon the efficacy of current agents, identify biomarkers to select appropriate therapies, and discover new modalities to expand the accessibility of immunotherapy to additional tumor types and patient populations.
The impact of parental health mindset on postoperative recovery in children
Authors: Kain Alexandra , Mueller Claudia , Golianu Brenda J. , Jenkins Brooke N. , Fortier Michelle A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMindset, or one's beliefs about the ability to change one's outcomes, has been studied in the educational domain but not in surgical settings. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of parental health mindset on children's recovery.MethodsParticipants were part of a larger National Institutes of Health‐funded trial that included 1470 children undergoing outpatient tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. We used measures of parental coping style (Monitor Blunter Style Scale; MBSS) and medication attitudes (Medication Attitudes Questionnaire; MAQ) to validate the Health Beliefs Scale (HBS; Criterion validity, Cohen's kappa). HBS categorizes parents as having a growth mindset, or the belief that health can be changed, or a fixed mindset, which reflects the belief that individuals cannot change their health. Next, we identified demographic and personality variables (eg, temperament, anxiety) as predictors for the HBS. Finally, we examined the relationship between the HBS with postoperative outcomes.ResultsFindings supported criterion validity of the HBS. Parents with a growth mindset reported seeking out more medical information (MBSS, 7.15 ± 3.32 vs 6.22 ± 3.38, P < .001, CI = −1.387 to −0.471) and reported fewer misconceptions regarding analgesic use (MAQ, 22.11 ± 4.09 vs 21.41 ± 4.25, P = .035, CI = 0.046 to 1.229). In assessing outcomes, we found that fixed‐mindset parents rated their children's postoperative pain as more severe on days 1 (9.22 ± 3.82 vs 8.37 ± 3.71, P = .007, CI = 0.234 to 1.459) and 3 (8.13 ± 4.28 vs 7.27 ± 4.28, P = .007, CI = 0.094 to 1.638) and reported that their children received more doses of ibuprofen on postoperative day 1 (2.91 ± 1.24 vs 2.44 ± 1.44, P = .041, CI = 0.089 to 0.848). There was no difference in children's self‐reported pain scores between groups (P = .585).ConclusionsThese findings, coupled with recent mindset intervention studies in the educational space, suggest that parent mindset is an important target for clinical intervention in the context of children's surgical recovery.
One Group, Two Worlds? Latino Perceptions of Policy Salience Among Mainstream and Spanish‐Language News Consumers
Authors: Gomez‐Aguinaga Barbara 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveTo examine whether the consumption of Spanish‐language news influences perceptions of issue salience among Latinos, the largest ethnoracial group in the United States.MethodsThis mixed‐methods analysis incorporates conceptual content analyses of English and Spanish‐language online newspapers from major Latino metropolitan areas, logistic regressions, and robustness checks to predict the salience of Latino issues.ResultsSpanish‐language news media covers immigration to a much greater extent than mainstream media, even within the same geographical locations; as a result, Latinos who consume Spanish‐language news are more likely to report immigration as a salient issue, even after accounting for important predispositions such as nativity and in‐group linked fate.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of Spanish‐language and ethnic media in a growingly diverse country, where ethnoracial groups will soon make up the majority of the country.
Which quality is a route? A methodology for assessing route quality using spatio‐temporal metrics
Authors: Rehrl Karl , Kranzinger Stefan , Gröchenig Simon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the context of intelligent transport systems, dynamic route planning is an eagerly researched topic. While the research community during the last decade has focused on performance and scalability of dynamic route planning algorithms, the question concerning route qualities has been widely neglected. The current work contributes to this question by proposing a methodology to assess the quality of arbitrary routes based on seven spatio‐temporal route quality metrics (five spatial and two temporal ones). The methodology is evaluated by calculating quality metrics for 45 routes being derived from three dynamic route planning systems for three selected origin–destination pairs during one day. For objectively assessing route qualities, the approach matches the route planning results to a reference digital road network and uses reference travel times for calculating quality metrics. A spatio‐temporal cross‐evaluation illustrates different quality aspects in the context of both quality dimensions and demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed approach.