bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rural-urban disparities in unmet long-term care needs and the demand for community care services among elderly people in China
Authors: Zeng Yanbing , Lin Chenxi , Wang Lixia , Zhang Liangwen , Fang Ya 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the urban-rural differences in unmet needs and the demand for community long-term care (LTC) services among community-dwelling elderly people in China.Methods The data come from the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS). A total of 1587 community residents aged 65+ with disabilities in the activities of daily living (ADLs) were included in this study. Based on the Andersen theoretical model, binary logistic regression was used to estimate the correlates of unmet needs in LTC. A chi-square test was used to examine the differences in expected needs for community-based LTC services between urban and rural areas.Results Over half (55.07%) of the participants reported their needs were unmet. For both rural and urban residents, poor economic status and reluctant caregivers seriously affected unmet needs. In addition, among urban older adults, those who were male and lonely reported more unmet needs. Among rural elderly people, those with severe ADL disability and poor self-rated health reported more unmet needs. In addition, access to medication and home visit services were negatively associated with unmet needs. Living with children (69.12%) was viewed as the most desirable living arrangement among older people, while living in a LTC facility seemed to be more accepted for rural residents with unmet needs than for other elderly respondents. Residents showed a high demand for community LTC care services, with 82.55% of them expecting to need home visits and 74.29% to healthcare education. Specifically, rural residents had greater expected needs for every community care service than their urban counterparts. However, only 4.66% to 36.42% of the respondents reported that all eight types of services were available, which was far below the demand for these services.Conclusion The risk of having unmet needs associated with ADL disability in LTC is largely determined by elderly people’s economic status and caregivers’ willingness to provide care for both rural and urban elderly residents. More attention should be paid to psychological consulting services in urban areas, as well as personal care, home visits, psychological consulting and healthcare education services in rural areas.
Health-Care Equity in Indonesia
Authors: Sufrian Iman , Simanjuntak Robert Arthur , Mahi Benedictus Raksaka , Qibtiyyah Riatu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose – The health-care equity has been adopted as the principle in the health system in Indonesia since the enactment of Law No. 40 of 2004 concerning the National Social Security System. This study evaluates the achievement of health-care equity in Indonesia and investigates the spatial dimension of inequity by using a measure of inequity that can be decomposed completely into Theil index. Third, this study conducts a before and after comparison of the change in the degree of decentralization in Indonesia. Besides, this study also conducts a period with economic crisis and period without economic crisis comparison for within-area health-care inequity.Design/methodology/approach – The secondary cross-sectional data originate from the Indonesian Socioeconomic Surveys of 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011, and 2014. The Theil index was used to describe the inequity in health care. Subsequently, the Theil index is decomposed into between- and within-region at the province and district level. This paper compares health-care equity before and after decentralization in Indonesia. This paper also compares the health-care equity between periods with and without an economic crisis in Indonesia.Findings – The Theil index of health-care inequity provides an initial description that there was an improvement of equity in health care in 1996-2014. However, findings suggest the health-care inequity had worsened during the economic crisis of 1998 despite improved health-care equity, especially during the second phase of decentralization in the period of 2005-2014.Value/Originality – The findings suggest that an increase in the degree of decentralization in Indonesia is associated with a lower degree of overall, within-province, within-district and between-district inequity in both outpatient health care and inpatient health care. In addition, the economic crisis is related to higher overall, within- and between-region health-care inequities.
Early Chest CT Features of Patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia: Relationship to Diagnosis and Prognosis
Authors: Chen Hui Juan , Qiu Jie , Wu Biao , Huang Tao , Gao Yunsuo , Wang Zhen Ping , Chen Yang , Chen Feng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: To elucidate the consistency between CT findings and real time reverse-transcription–polymerase chain- reaction (RT-PCR) results and investigate the relationship between CT features and clinical prognosis in COVID-19.Methods: The clinical manifestations, laboratory parameters and CT imaging findings were analyzed in thirty-four patients with COVID-19 confirmed by RT-PCR from January 20 to February 4 in Hainan province. CT score was compared between the discharged patients and ICU patients.Results: Fever (85%) and cough (79%) were most commonly seen. 10 (29%) patients demonstrated negative results on their first RT-PCR.22/34(65%) patients showed pure ground glass opacity (GGO). 17/34 (50%) patients had five lobes of lung involvement, while the 23(68%) patients had lower lobes were involved and 24/34 (71%) were subpleural. Lesions of 24 (71%) patients were distributed mainly in the subpleural. During follow-up, the initial CT lesions of ICU patients are distributed in both subpleural and parenchyma (80%) and the lesions are scattered. 60% of ICU patients had five lobes involved, while this was seen in only 25% discharged patients. Lesions of discharged patients are mainly in the subpleural (75%). 62.5% of discharged patients showed pure ground-glass opacity. 80% ICU demonstrated progressive stage on their first CT scan. 75 % discharged patients were at an early stage. CT score of ICU patients were significantly higher than that of the discharged patients.Conclusion: Chest CT plays a crucial role in the early diagnosis of COVID-19, particularly for those patients with negative RT-PCR. The initial features in CT may be associated with prognosis.Authors Hui Juan Chen and Jie Qiu contributed equally to this work.
Assessment of brewery wastewater treatment by an attached growth bioreactor
Authors: Budgen Jack , Le-Clech Pierre 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Craft beer is a rapidly growing market globally, placing an increased burden on wastewater treatment plants. To avoid discharge fees, new technology is required to make the on-site treatment of brewery wastewater affordable. This study assessed the application of a novel attached growth bioreactor (AGBR) to treat brewery wastewater to a discharge target (1,500 mg sCOD/L). Specifically, the impacts of the single-pass residence time (HRTsingle-pass), organic loading and media height were investigated. A HRTsingle-pass of 67 min demonstrated the shortest required time to meet the discharge target and the lowest final effluent concentration after 120 hr treatment time. Long HRTsingle-pass demonstrated slower biomass development, while smaller HRTsingle-pass caused an earlier rise in dissolved oxygen (DO) which hindered organic removal by heterotrophic bacteria. The sCOD removal rate increased with loading rates, however plateaued at 65 g sCOD/m2/day for loading rates above 300 g sCOD/m2/day. The media became flooded with biomass for feed strengths above 6.0 g sCOD/L. Greater media height provided additional surface area for biomass development, but marginally decreased the sCOD removal rate (g/m2/day) due to an earlier introduction of DO. Power consumption and footprint considerations found the greater media height to be the preferred choice for breweries.
The Upper and Lower Uterine Segment Thickness Ratio: A Simple Sonographic Tool to Triage for Preterm Delivery among Women with Threatened Preterm Labor
Authors: Anil Anapthi , Srinivas Sujatha Bagepalli , Hebbar Shripad , Pai Muralidhar Vaman 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Preterm delivery is a predominant cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Below 20% of women with threatened preterm labor, progress to active labor and delivery.
Identification of such women will help to improve neonatal outcome by an early intervention such
as administration of steroids and in utero transfer to the hospitals with better neonatal care.

Objective:
To evaluate the importance of ultrasonographic measurement of the upper and lower
uterine segments thickness ratio to distinguish between true and false labor in women with threatened
preterm.

Methods:
A prospective cohort study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Southern India
from June 2017 to July 2018 on 151 singleton pregnant women at 24-36 weeks of gestation with
regular or painful uterine contractions. Transabdominal ultrasound was performed to measure upper
and lower uterine segments wall thickness and then the thickness ratio was calculated. Delivery
within 7 days was the primary outcome of study.

Results:
Out of 151 patients, 32 (21.2%) delivered within 7 days of presentation and the rest
(78.8%) delivered after 7 days and had a significant difference in the ratio of upper/lower uterine
segments thickness (p<0.001). The ROC curve showed a sensitivity of 81.3% and specificity of
84.2% when the cut-off value of the thickness ratio was ≥1.61.

Conclusion:
The sonographic assessment of upper and lower uterine segment thickness ratio may
be helpful to differentiate true labor from false labor among women with threatened preterm labor.
The Interactive Web-Based Program MSmonitor for Self-Management and Multidisciplinary Care in Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Quasi-Experimental Study of Short-Term Effects on Patient Empowerment
Authors: Jongen Peter Joseph , ter Veen Gezien , Lemmens Wim , Donders Rogier , van Noort Esther , Zeinstra Esther 
Published: March 2020

Background
Empowerment helps persons with a chronic disease to self-manage their condition and increase their autonomy and participation. MSmonitor (Curavista bv) is an interactive Web-based program for self-management and multidisciplinary care in multiple sclerosis (MS). It includes, among others, short questionnaires on fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale-5 [MFIS-5]) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL, Leeds Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life [LMSQoL]); long questionnaires on disabilities, perception of disabilities (Multiple Sclerosis Impact Profile), and HRQoL (Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54); a Medication and Adherence Inventory and an Activity Diary. The combination MFIS-5, LMSQoL, and Medication and Adherence Inventory constitutes the Quick Scan.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the short-term effects of MSmonitor on empowerment in patients with MS.

Methods
We conducted a quasi-experimental study in a general hospital. Of the 180 patients with MS, 125 were eligible, 30 used MSmonitor, and 21 participated in the study (mean age 45.4 years, SD 10.2 years). A total of 24 eligible patients who did not use MSmonitor constituted the control group (mean age 49.3 years, SD 11.4 years). At baseline and at 4 months, we assessed self-efficacy (Multiple Sclerosis Self-Efficacy Scale [MSSES]), participation and autonomy (Impact on Participation and Autonomy [IPA] questionnaire), and self-management (Partners In Health [PIH] questionnaire). Differences between time points and groups were tested with paired t tests and χ² tests.

Results
In the MSmonitor group, follow-up values remained unchanged for MSSES control (P=.19), MSSES function (P=.62), IPA limitations (P=.26), IPA problems (P=.40), PIH recognition and management of symptoms (P=.52), PIH adherence to treatment (P=.80), and PIH coping (P=.73), whereas the PIH knowledge score had improved (mean 27.8, SD 1.7 vs mean 28.7, SD 2.0; P=.02). The overall utilization rate of the program components was 83% and that of the Quick Scan was 95%. In the control group, all outcomes had remained unchanged.

Conclusions
The results suggest that for first-time users of the MSmonitor program and their health care providers, it may not be justified to expect a short-term improvement in empowerment in terms of self-efficacy, self-management, autonomy, or participation. Furthermore, a lack of effect on empowerment is not because of nonusage of the program components.
Diabetes mellitus tipo 2: una problemática actual de salud en la población pediátrica
Authors: Carvajal Martínez Francisco , Bioti Torres Yadenys , Carvajal Aballe Mónica 
Published: March 2020

La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 resulta de la combinación de resistencia a la insulina junto con inadecuada secreción de la misma. Su etiología es heterogénea, implicándose en los mismos, factores genéticos y ambientales. Su incremento ha sido significativo en las últimas décadas lo cual ha estado aparejado al incremento de la obesidad. Pudiendo existir tres formas de presentación: asintomática, sintomática y cetosis o cetoacidosis.
El desarrollo acelerado de las complicaciones está dado por una disminución más rápida y progresiva de la función de las células B que caracteriza esta enfermedad en la edad pediátrica.
El tratamiento incluye cambios del estilo de vida, el auto-control de la diabetes y el tratamiento farmacológico, siendo esencial involucrar a toda la familia en el manejo de este grupo de pacientes. Solo la metformina y la insulina han sido aprobadas para su utilización en este grupo de edad.
La prevención es la piedra angular para frenar la oleada de DM2 en niños y adolescentes a nivel internacional. Se basa en la identificación de los individuos en riesgo, diag-nóstico precoz de estados prediabéticos y la educación, dirigida a la familia y a la comunidad.
Nuevo coronavirus 2019-ncov: impacto en salud global
Authors: Pérez-Then Eddy 
Published: March 2020

Se trata de una revisión sistemática de una selección de artículos publicados en diferentes fuentes de información, post aparición del primer caso de 2019-nCoV en China, que incluye la infor-mación disponible a febrero 2 del año 2020 sobre diferentes aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos de la epidemia.
Se incluye también un análisis comparativo de la forma de transmisión, origen, mortalidad, período de incubación y el número reproductivo básico (R0) o la velocidad con que una enfermedad puede propagarse en una población, de este nuevo coronavirus (2019-nCoV), con la evidencia disponible de estos parámetros para el SARS-CoV y el MERS-CoV, al 2 de febrero del año 2020.
Se concluye recomendando la creación de unidades de salud global, lo cual podría favorecer que el sistema de salud perpetúe su impacto en los indicadores de salud de entidades de mayor prevalencia y de comportamiento endémico, mientras que, dichas unidades, orienten los esfuerzos a la implementación efectiva de las medidas de contención y prevención de brotes epidémicos en puertos de entrada y puntos estratégicos de una nación en particular, así como también mejorar la interconexión con otras unidades de similar envergadura y objetivos, en un principio, a nivel regional, pero, como fin último, a nivel global.
Optimización del proyecto de acidulación de soapstock de aceite de soya
Authors: Valdés Luna Luis Carlos 
Published: March 2020

Este artículo presenta el estudio que tiene como propósito determinar las condiciones de operación adecuadas del proceso batch de acidulación del subproducto de la refinación química del aceite de soya -también denominado soapstock- con el objetivo de optimizar el tiempo de reacción; para lo cual se implementó un diseño estadístico experimental Box-Behnken, con tres niveles y tres factores. Las variables de proceso estudiadas fueron: temperatura de proceso (80,0 – 100,0 °C), velocidad del agitador (300 - 500 rpm) y dosificación de ácido sulfúrico en la reacción (6,0 – 10,0%). La variable de respuesta estudiada fue el tiempo de reacción del proceso. Se propuso un modelo predictivo de segundo orden para esta variable, obteniendo las superficies de respuesta y las condiciones favorables que minimizan el tiempo de reacción a 13 minutos por lote; las cuales fueron de 100°C, agitación de 300 rpm y 7,68% de ácido sulfúrico. Los resultados indicaron que la temperatura, la velocidad del agitador y la dosificación de ácido sulfúrico tienen una influencia significativa sobre el tiempo de reacción resultante.
Hacia el diseño de un Sistema Interactivo basado en Interacción Tangible como apoyo al desarrollo de competencias del pensamiento computacional para niños en aulas regulares entre 9 a 10 años
Authors: Sandoval Diana Fernanda , Lara María Juliana , Cano Sandra 
Published: March 2020

El pensamiento computacional involucra la resolucion de problemas en cualquier disciplina. Hoy en día, con el crecimiento de las tecnologías, ha surgido un gran interés por incluir el pensamiento computacional dentro del aula, usando otras maneras de interacción no tradicionales. Por lo que, la interacción tangible desde el área de la educación ha sido foco de estudio, ya que propone una interacción con elementos físicos y digitales. Siguiendo la filosofía de diseño centrado en el usuario, se propone el diseño de un sistema interactivo que pueda servir de apoyo para desarrollar habilidades del pensamiento computacional en niños en aulas regulares entre 9 y 10 años.
EKSPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA PERMAINAN PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI SINJAI SELATAN
Authors: Irmayanti Irmayanti , Danial Danial 
Published: March 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi etnomatematika permainan pada siswa Sekolah Dasar di Sinjai Selatan. Jenis penelitian adalah menggunakan penelitian eksploratif dengan pendekatan kualitatif untuk menggali informasi tentang aktivitas etnomatematika pada permainan siswa sekolah dasar. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa Sekolah Dasar di Sinjai Selatan. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, dokumentasi dan wawancara mendalam. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan metode triangulasi. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa permainan tradisonal siswa mengandung unsur-unsur matematika diantaranya materi bangun datar, pengenalan angka, himpunan, konsep jarak, peluang dan operasi bilangan bulat. Hal ini menjadikan siswa dapat belajar dari dunia keseharian yang menyenangkan, serta sesuai kehidupan sosial budaya di Sinjai khususnya Sinjai Selatan AbstractThis study aimed at exploring the ethnomatematics of games in elementary school students in South Sinjai. This type of research used exploratory research with a qualitative approach to explore information about ethnomatematics activity in the game of elementary school students. The subjects of this study were elementary school students in South Sinjai. The data collection used observation, documentation and in-depth interviews. The data obtained were analyzed by triangulation method. The results of the study were found that traditional student games contained elements of mathematics including material of figure, recognition of numbers, sets, concepts of distance, probability and integer operations. This made students be able to learn from the pleasant world of everyday life, and in accordance with the socio-cultural life in Sinjai, especially South Sinjai.
Avaliar os efeitos da corrente russa na região glútea como coadjuvante na atividade física com finalidade estética
Authors: Ribas Tailine Fernandes , Ritter Danila Soares , Horodeski Jaqueline Sueli 
Published: March 2020

O cuidado com a aparência fisica, principalmente em mulheres, aumentou a procura por fisioterapeutas dermatofuncionais para tratamentos estéticos. Um glúteo firme, durinho e arredondado é o sonho de toda mulher. Com o passar dos anos, seja pela genética ou pelo sedentarismo, a região glútea tende a perder o tônus muscular. O tratamento denominado “corrente russa”, técnica de eletroestimulação neuromuscular desenvolvida no final dos anos 70 para prover ganho de força em atletas, também tem sido utilizado, nos dias atuais, para fins estéticos. Este trabalho consistiu em uma análise dos efeitos da corrente russa aplicada na musculatura da região glútea de mulheres praticantes de atividades físicas, como agente acelerador da hipertrofia muscular. Metodologia: foram selecionadas oito mulheres saudáveis, praticantes de atividades físicas, com grau 5 de força muscular em região glútea, separadas em dois grupos iguais: Grupo A, formado por quatro mulheres submetidas a quinze sessões de corrente russa; Grupo B, ou grupo controle, composto de mulheres não submetidas à corrente russa. Ambos os grupos foram avaliados pré e pós período das sessões de corrente russa, em termos de perimetria da região glútea, peso corporal, percentual de gordura corporal, Escala de Opinião (Oenning, 2002), além da opinião pessoal das participantes sobre os efeitos da corrente russa. Objetivos: avaliar os efeitos da eletroestimulação neuromuscular do tipo “corrente russa” na musculatura da região glútea, como coadjuvante na atividade física, com finalidade estética; verificar se a corrente russa provoca hipertrofia muscular em região glútea; comparar os resultados obtidos do grupo submetido à corrente russa com o grupo controle. Resultados: a análise dos resultados numéricos obtidos, apesar de favorável em relação ao grupo controle e em relação à avaliação inicial, não revelou dados significativos, provavelmente, devido ao tamanho reduzido das amostras (p=0,61). Porém, na pesquisa de satisfação, a opinião pessoal das quatro componentes do grupo A foi unânime quanto à melhora da aparência da região gútea após o tratamento com corrente russa. Conclusão: foi possível concluir que houve melhora em termos de hipertrofia muscular em região glútea das participantes submetidas à corrente russa, assim como resultados positivos de satisfação pessoal das mesmas.
Analiza certyfikacji żywności ekologicznej w Polsce w latach 2011–2016
Authors: ZACH MARTA , BRODZIAK ANETA , FLOREK MARIUSZ 
Published: March 2020

W pracy dokonano analizy stanu certyfikacji żywności ekologicznej w Polsce w latach 2011–2016. Materiał porównawczy stanowiły raporty Inspekcji Jakości Handlowej Artykułów Rolno-Spożywczych. Wykazano, że pomimo coraz większego zainteresowania i rosnącej popularności produktów ekologicznych liczba producentów ekologicznych oraz powierzchnia ekologicznych użytków rolnych w analizowanym okresie wykazywały tendencję spadkową. W procesie certyfikacji gospodarstwach rolnych i przetwórni żywności ekologicznej występowały nieprawidłowości wynikające z bezpośredniej działalności producenta, jak również leżące po stronie inspektorów jednostek certyfikujących.
ZAŠTITA TRANSFORMATORA
Authors: Dukić Milica 
Published: March 2020

U ovom radu se razmatra zaštita trans­formatora. Cilj je da se opišu sve zaštite transformatora kao i primena mikroprocesorske zaštite. Razmatranja su ilustrovana na primeru dve transformatorske ćelije u 35 kV postrojenju. Razvijeno je rešenje u softverskom okruženju „SFT2841“ koje se koristi u slučaju primene zaštitnog uređaja SEPAM T87.
Analiza protokola HTTP 2.0
Authors: Krajinović Marko , Milosavljević Branko 
Published: March 2020

U ovom radu odrađena je analiza karakteristika komunikacionog protokola HTTP 2.0. Upoređen je ovaj protokol sa prethotnom verzijom protokola - HTTP 1.1. Analizirane su mogućnosti za primenu protokola HTTP 2.0 u serverskim radnim okvirimima Spring Boot, Microsoft ASP.NET Core i Node.js. Izvršena je analiza performansi protokola.