bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrence of Talaromycosis and Kaposi Sarcoma in an HIV-Infected Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Miao Xingguo , Ye Hui , Yang Shoufeng , Su Feifei 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Concurrence of talaromycosis, an infection caused by the opportunistic
fungal pathogen Talaromyces marneffei and Kaposi sarcoma, a common vascular tumor, is a rare
but severe medical condition in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Despite poor outcomes, the clinical characteristics and management strategies for HIV-infected patients
with comorbid Kaposi sarcoma and talaromycosis have not been well documented.

Case presentation:
A 33-year-old HIV-positive male patient presented to the Department of Infectious
Diseases at Wenzhou Central Hospital with cough, sputum expectoration, hemoptysis, rashes
on the feet and violaceous plaques in the oral cavity. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral
nodules, patchy shadows and lymphadenectasis. Skin biopsy and histopathological examination
indicated Kaposi sarcoma. T. marneffei was isolated from blood cultures and suggested
talaromycosis. The patient’s overall conditions significantly improved following initiation of combination
antiretroviral therapy (cART) and chemotherapy for Kaposi sarcoma and antifungal treatment
for talaromycosis.

Conclusions:
Severe medical conditions such as Kaposi sarcoma and talaromycosis may coexist in
HIV-infected patients and pose an increased risk of mortality. Etiological diagnosis and treatment
are the keys to the successful management of HIV-infected patients with these concurrent conditions.
Inflammatory Cytokines Correlate with Dry Eye Indexes Estimated by Keratograph in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Fahmy Rania , Al-Muammar May N. , Alonazi Mona , Bhat Ramesa Shafi , El-Ansary Afaf 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Inflammation plays a major role in dry eye diseases and is the prime target
in clinical treatments of the disease.

Objective:
To determine whether the inflammatory cytokines in the tear film of patients with dry
eye correlate with parameters such as Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) and Tear Meniscus Height
(TMH) and could be used together as predictive biomarkers of disease severity.

Methods:
This study included 58 eyes (29 female subjects; age, 19–25 years) comprising 20 normal
eyes (control), 20 eyes (level 1 dryness), and 18 eyes (level 2 dryness). Dryness level 1 or 2 is
keratographic diagnosis according to the tear break-up time cut-off value obtained. After ophthalmic
examinations, including determination of non-invasive TBUT average and first second and
TMH using Keratograph 4 (to measure dryness level), tears of all participants were collected. Five
cytokines, including interleukin 6, 10, 12, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α, were measured
using ELISA.

Results:
Significant changes were observed in all measured cytokines and these changes correlated
with eye dryness severity scores. Both groups (levels 1 & 2) showed remarkable changes related to
ocular surface alterations in clinical examinations. Significantly, shorter TBUT and TMH were recorded
in both groups and were positively correlated with the dryness severity.

Conclusion:
Cytokines could be used as predictive markers for pre-clinical diagnosis of dry eye
diseases and as prognostic markers to monitor treatment effectiveness.
Computational Study and Synthesis of a New Class of Anticonvulsants with 6 Hz Psychomotor Seizure Test Activity: 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)- N'-[substituted]-acetohydrazides
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Tripathi Laxmi 
Published: November 2020

Background:
About 50 million epileptic cases worldwide and 12 million in India are reported.
Currently, available drugs yield adequate control of seizure in 60-70% of patients and show
many toxic effects. These actualities provoked the search for novel, more efficacious and safer anticonvulsants.

Objective:
The concatenation of 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-N'-[substituted]-acetohydrazides SA 1-
10 was designed by molecular hybridization, optimized by computational study and synthesized with
the objective of obtaining a prototype of potent anticonvulsant molecules especially active against
partial seizures.

Methods:
Computational study was performed to calculate the pharmacophoric design, projection of
the pharmacokinetic parameters and docking scores of the titled compounds with molecular targets of
epilepsy. The anticonvulsant activity was ascertained by 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test. Minimal
motor impairment showing neurotoxicity was assessed using the Rotarod test.

Results:
Titled compounds possessed the indispensable elements of pharmacophore and displayed
good binding affinity with molecular targets of epilepsy, such as GABA (A) alpha-1 & delta receptor,
glutamate receptor, Na+/H+ exchanger and GABA- aminotransferase in docking studies. The most
potent compound of the concatenation was 2-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-N'-[4-(4-
chlorophenoxy)benzylidene]-acetohydrazide SA 4, showing 100% protection at four different time
points with ED50 value 146.8 mg/kg at a TPE of 1 h in mice.

Conclusion:
The protection shown in 6 Hz test is implicated as the compound's ability to control
partial seizures. Thus, the titled compounds can be considered as potential prototype candidates for
antiepileptic therapy against partial seizures.
A Review of the Efficacy and Cardiovascular Safety of Amylin Analogues
Authors: Koshy Rithika Mary , Fernandez Cornelius James , Jacob Koshy 
Published: November 2020

:
A large proportion of persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2DM) do not reach the glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) target of < 7% (53 mmol/-
mol), with an increasing proportion of them being overweight or obese. In both T1DM and T2DM,
there is accelerated gastric emptying and postprandial hyperglucagonemia. Furthermore, insulin
therapy itself is associated with risk of hypoglycemia and weight-gain both of which are barriers to
achieving good control. Medications which can achieve significant HbA1c and weight reduction associated
with an ability to delay gastric emptying and suppress the glucagon secretion with minimal/
no hypoglycemia are of particular interest as an adjuvant to insulin. A synthetic amylin analogue,
pramlintide is a drug with above mentioned properties. Other medications with similar properties
are glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs). In this article, we will review the
efficacy of pramlintide when given with insulin in improving HbA1c, weight, and cognition with-
/without GLP-1 RAs as well as its cardiovascular (CV) safety.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Infection Among Pregnant Women in Ilam, West of Iran
Authors: Kenarkoohi Azra , Falahi Shahab , ghelijie Fariba , Mirzaei Asad 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:
Hepatitis E infection is commonly known as acute and self-limiting hepatitis, and therefore, less attention is paid to it, whereas hepatitis E virus is a major cause of fulminant hepatitis in pregnant women and its infection during pregnancy is associated with maternal and fetal mortality. The prevalence of anti-HEV antibodies in pregnant women in Ilam city is unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of anti-HEV total and anti- HEV IgM antibodies among pregnant women in this area.

Material and Methods:
A total of 420 serum samples were collected between March 2018 and September 2019 from pregnant women, with a mean age of 29.61 years, ranging from 19 to 47 years, referred to Ilam health centers, West of Iran. Demographic data, including age and place of residence, were collected from patient records. The titers of anti-HEV total and anti-HEV IgM antibodies were measured by the ELISA method. The association between the prevalence of hepatitis E antibody and age and place of residence variables was evaluated by the chi-square test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.

Results:
In total, 18 of the 420 participants (4.3%) were positive for anti-HEV total, while 2 (0/47%) tested positive for anti-HEV immunoglobulins M (IgM). Anti-HEV status had no statistically significant association with age and place of residence.

Conclusion:
The seroprevalence rate of HEV infection among pregnant women in Ilam city is relatively low. Considering that seronegative pregnant women are at risk of acquiring HEV, it is recommended that pregnant women be educated to avoid sources of HEV infection.
Puerarin: A Review on the Pharmacological Activity, Chemical Properties
and Pharmacokinetics of Main Isoflavonoid
Authors: Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke , Ojo Adebola Busola , Nwonuma Charles Obiora , Awakan Oluwakemi Josephine , Maimako Rotdelmwa Filibus , Afolabi Boluwatife Lawrence , Taiwo Odunayo Anthonia 
Published: November 2020

:
Conventional drugs as a means of alternative medicines have been in use in Asian and African nations and some developed countries for the treatment of ailment and curing of diseases. Objective: Puerarin a naturally occurring isoflavone in numerous plants is one of the conventional medications that possess anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties for the treatment of cardiac illnesses, osteonecrosis, Parkinson’s ailments, Alzheimer’s disorders, and other circulatory and cardiac conditions. Puerarin is extensively distributed in numerous organs comprising the kidney, mammary gland, femur, tibia, stomach, liver, pancreas, brain, and lungs but at a low rate because of its poor availability. However, when co-administered with compounds like gastrodin that can covey it into the cell, it shows a wide range of pharmacological properties including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-Alzheimer, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activity. The biotransformation process of puerarin showed that is well metabolized with daidzein being the main hydrolyzed product. Puerarin is well tolerated in the body and dosage of up to 250 mg/kg per day does not initiate any toxic side effect but rather sows a wide range of its beneficial and pharmacological properties.
Antimicrobial Activity of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Loaded Punica granatum Seed Oil against Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Fathi Nazanin , Lotfipour Farzaneh , Dizaj Solmaz M. , Hamishehkar Hamed , Mohammadi Maryam 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), due to their impressive benefits,
have recently been considered in different areas. Besides, NLC loaded with essential
oils is attractive for finding more effective antimicrobial products, especially against common
bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis).

Objective:
This study aims to prepare and characterize NLCs encapsulated with Punica
granatum (P. granatum) seed oil (PGS oil-loaded NLCs) and examine the antimicrobial effect
of this combination against S. epidermidis.

Methods:
PGS oil-loaded NLCs were prepared using a hot melt homogenization method.
Later, they were characterized by determining particle size distribution (particle size analyzer),
morphology (scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), and zeta potential (surface
charge of NLCs). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of PGS oil-loaded NLCs were
assessed and compared with seed oil emulsion of P. granatum against S. epidermidis.

Results:
PGS oil-loaded NLCs were spherical shaped nanoparticles, with a mean size of
102.10 nm and narrow size distribution (PDI = 0.26). The antibacterial assay showed PGS
oil-loaded NLCs to have a higher in vitro antimicrobial activity than seed oil emulsion of
P. granatum.

Conclusion:
To conclude, NLCs may be a favorable carrier to develop new antimicrobial
agents.

Lay Summary:
The lipid nanoparticles such as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) appeared
as products first on the cosmetic market. Their advantages help them to be used in
different healthcare and cosmetic products. With regard to previous studies, Punica granatum
(P. granatum) extract shows antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that could be a
valuable natural source against the wide ranges of bacteria. Then, P. granatum seed oil
(PGS oil-loaded NLCs) prepared in this study can be used in dental and skin-related materials
as a new natural antimicrobial product.
Assessment of Cold Resistance of 09G2S Steel Obtained Using 3D Printing Technology by Electric Arc Surfacing at a CNC Machine
Authors: Kabaldin Yu. G. , Khlybov A. A. , Shatagin D. A. , Anosov M. S. , Ryabov D. A. 
Published: November 2020

Приводятся результаты исследований образцов из стали 09Г2С при пониженных температурах, полученных с использованием технологии 3D-печати электродуговой наплавкой. Для сравнения приводятся данные исследований на образцах, полученных из проката.Для достижения поставленной цели были изготовлены и испытаны образцы на ударный изгиб из стали 09Г2С. Образцы печатались с использованием технологии 3D-печати на станке с ЧПУ путем послойного нанесения наплавляемого материала из проволоки 09Г2С. Качество и стабильность структуры материала получаемых образцов обеспечивались за счет постоянной диагностики устойчивости динамической системы «источник питания – дуга – материал».Основным диагностическим параметром, характеризующим степень устойчивости, был показатель фрактальной размерности аттрактора динамической системы.Образцы для исследований вырезались в продольном и поперечном направлениих наплавки, аналогично изготавливались образцы из проката. Исследования полученных образцов проводились с использованием испытаний на ударный изгиб в широком диапазоне пониженных температур от –80 до +20 °C. Для выявления особенностей механизма разрушения и температуры вязкохрупкого перехода металлов проводились фрактографические исследования изломов образцов.В ходе исследований установлено, что температура вязкохрупкого перехода стали 09Г2С, полученной с использованием технологии 3D-печати электродуговой наплавкой, составляет порядка –40 °С, что незначительно выше температуры вязкохрупкого перехода стали 09Г2С, полученной из листового проката с последующим отжигом –47 °С. Следует отметить, что образцы, вырезанные вдоль наплавки, имеют более высокие значения ударной вязкости и температуры вязкохрупкого перехода.Для образцов, полученных электродуговой наплавкой, значения ударной вязкости не более чем на 20 % ниже, чем значения ударной вязкости образцов, полученных механической обработкой из листового проката во всем диапазоне исследуемых температур.Приведенная технология электродуговой наплавки, управляемой компьютером, может быть использована как для изготовления сложных изделий, так и для ремонта. Используя сварочные материалы с низкой температурой вязкохрупкого перехода, в частности используя сталь 09Г2С, можно получить высокие эксплуатационные свойства изделия в короткие сроки даже в арктических условиях.
Low-temperature plasma applications in chemical fungicide treatment reduction
Authors: Hoppanová Lucia , Medvecká Veronika , Dylíková Juliana , Hudecová Daniela , Kaliňáková Barbora , Kryštofová Svetlana , Zahoranová Anna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to reduce the environmental burden of chemicals, various new alternatives to seed protection are being sought. Our aim was to find an environmentally acceptable solution leading to the inactivation of seed-borne phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium culmorum on the surface of wheat and barley seeds with a positive effect on their germination. As a low-temperature plasma (LTP) source, a Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge (DCSBD) was used. Plasma generated by DCSBD is non-equilibrium, cold, diffuse, macroscopically homogeneous even in ambient air at atmospheric pressure. Experimental results showed that LTP treatment in the range of 120—300 s significantly inhibits the growth of F. culmorum on the surface of the seeds. The efficiency of LTP treatment was compared with traditional seed protection processes using chemical fungicide and also with combined seed pretreatment by plasma and subsequent application of chemical fungicide. No growth of F. culmorum was observed after the combination of Vitavax 2000 fungicide application in the dose of 10 % and 60 s of LTP treatment even on the 5th day of incubation. Better wettability of seeds with the chemical fungicide was related to the change on seed surface, which becomes hydrophilic after 10 s of LTP application. Short LTP exposure times did not affect germination and improved the growth parameter of cereal seeds. By combining physical (LTP) and chemical (Vitavax 2000) treatments of cereal seeds, it is possible to effectively reduce the required amount of chemical fungicide and to stimulate germination and early growth seed parameters.
Microtubular structure impairment after GSM-modulated RF radiation exposure
Authors: Čermak Ana Marija Marjanović , Ilić Krunoslav , Pavičić Ivan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate whether low-level 915 MHz GSM-modulated radiofrequency (RF) radiation impairs microtubular structure and affects normal cell growth. V79 cells were exposed to a GSM-modulated field in a Gigahertz Transversal Electromagnetic Mode cell (GTEM cell) for 1, 2, and 3 h. Signal generator combined with power and chip modulator generated the electromagnetic field (EMF). The electric field strength was adjusted to 10, 20, and 30 V/m, and the average specific absorption rate (SAR) was calculated to be 0.23, 0.8, and 1.6 W/kg. The structure of microtubule proteins was assessed by indirect immunocytochemistry, and cell growth was determined based on cell counts taken every day over six post-exposure days. Three-hour radiation exposure significantly altered microtubule structure regardless of the electric field strength. Moreover, on the third post-exposure day, three-hour radiation significantly reduced cell growth, regardless of field strength. The same was observed with two-hour exposure at 20 and 30 V/m. In conclusion, 915 MHz GSM-modulated RF radiation affects microtubular proteins in a time-dependent manner, which, in turn, affects cell proliferation. Our future research will focus on microtubule structure throughout the cell cycle and RF radiation effects on mitotic spindle.
Adenocarcinoma of the Gastroesophageal Junction with Synchronous Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yankov G. , Ilieva V. , Vladimirov B. , Kovacheva M. , Mekov E. , Petkov R. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma is a rare type of cancer of the esophagus. It is usually diagnosed in advanced stages and much less frequently in the earlier stage, where surgical treatment is essential. Surgical treatment is also essential in kidney cancer. The occurrence of synchronous malignancies with an esophageal malignancy is a well-described phenomenon with an incidence ranging from 3.6 to 27.1%. To the best of our knowledge, only 11 cases of synchronous esophageal and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have been previously described. We present a patient operated simultaneously for cancer of the gastroesophageal junction with synchronous renal cell carcinoma. The finding in the kidney was accidentally discovered by the routine CT scan on the occasion of the relatively early carcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction detected by upper endoscopy. The patient was admitted to the Thoracic Surgery Department, where Ivor-Lewis gastroesophagoplasty and right nephrectomy simultaneously were performed. The patient was followed for 5 years without evidence of disease progression.
Gaucher Disease Type I: A Case Report
Authors: Nikolova D. , Yordanov A. , Damyanova V. , Yavorova A. , Radinov A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is a multi-systemic disease with a low population frequency. It is a lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) that causes accumulation of glucocerebroside in the so called Gaucher cells predominantly in areas like the spleen, liver and bone marrow. Type I GD (GDI) is the most common form and usually does not involve the brain and the spinal cord. The symptoms can range from mild to severe and may appear anytime from childhood to adulthood. Diagnostics can often be challenging and imposes looking at person’s medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test results. We present a difficult to diagnose case of a 34-year-old woman admitted to the Clinic of Hematology, “Sv. I. Rilski” hospital with splenomegaly, normal laboratory findings and non-enlarged liver. She didn’t show focal neurological symptoms. A series of tests were assigned including genetic targeted analysis. The case is an example of a rare genetic disease with mild clinical symptoms. Diagnosis of Gaucher disease, type I was confirmed by measurement of a GBA enzyme activity and identification of mutations in the GBA gene inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Thanks to the efforts of the clinical team, the assignment of adequate clinical and laboratory tests and their correct interpretation, the patient was subjected to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Although the diagnosis was settled relatively late (at 34 years of age), the correct therapy slowed down the invalidation and improved the quality of life of the patient.
The Opinion of Employees and Children Living in Foster Care Homes About Romanian National Clean Air Legislation on Tobacco Smoking
Authors: Tubák Nimród , Ferencz Iozsef Lorand , Nădăşan Valentin , Nagy Enikő Nemes , Kocsis Lóránd , Ábrám Zoltán 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study aims to assess the awareness and opinions of employees and children living in foster care homes about the Romanian Clean Air Legislation. The assessment was performed six months after the implementation of the antitobacco legislation (Romanian Law no.15/2016), in three Romanian counties (Alba, Mures, and Covasna) including 178 employees and 368 children from 59 foster care homes. Data were collected using an anonymous paper and pencil questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used for data analysis (significant difference if p < 0.05). Almost one third of the employees and children were smokers from the forest care homes. Nearly, all the employees and most of the children were aware of the legislation, most of them have also noticed some kind of measures taken by foster care homes against smoking. As claimed by smokers, almost two-thirds of them smoked like they used to do before the legislation, more than a quarter stated that they decreased the number of daily smoked cigarettes and nearly a quarter intended to quit smoking in the future. A half year after the implementation of the legislation most of the employees and children living in foster care homes admitted that they knew about the change and it affected their smoking habits. Most of them have also observed some kind of measures taken against smoking. Despite these measures there were still smokers in the foster care homes, so there would be a need for more campaigns against smoking in the future.
The Importance of Objective Clinical Examination in Patients with Trichinellosis, Registered in Braşov County, Between 1983 and 2013
Authors: Dobrescu Cristina-Elena , Nemet Codruţa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In human trichinellosis, it is important to know the peculiarities of objective manifestations in order to associate the antiparasitic therapy to support the systems and organs affected by this disease. We considered 1112 cases of human trichinellosis recorded between 1983 and 2013 in Braşov County. Objective clinical examinations show that cardiovascular manifestations were most frequent (12.32%). Patients showed these characteristics in the following order: angina, palpitations, and shortness of breath. Digestive disorders were found in 11.27% of the patients. Nine percent of the patients presented respiratory clinical signs. Correlating the objective physical findings with the recorded forms of disease we observe that cardiovascular manifestations prevail in all moderate, moderately severe, severe even in the mild form of the disease. These are followed by digestive and respiratory manifestations that are recorded at high parameters in moderate, moderately severe and severe forms of the disease.