bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A behavioral logic underlying aggression in an African cichlid fish
Authors: Alward Beau A. , Cathers Phillip H. , Blakkan Danielle M. , Fernald Russell D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSocial rank in a hierarchy determines which individuals have access to important resources such as food, shelter, and mates. In the African cichlid fishAstatotilapia burtoni, rank is under social control, such that larger males are more likely than smaller males to be dominant in rank. Although it is well known that the relative size ofA. burtonimales is critical in controlling social rank, the specific behavioral strategies underlying responses to males of different sizes are not well understood. In this research, our goal was to characterize these responses by performing resident-intruder assays, in which aggressive behaviors were measured in territorial males in response to the introduction of unfamiliar males that differed in relative standard length (SL). We found that the relative SL of intruders played an important role in determining behavioral performance. Resident males exposed to larger (>5% larger in SL) or matched (between 0 and 5% larger or smaller in SL) intruder males performed more lateral displays, a type of non-physical aggression, compared to resident males exposed to smaller (>5% smaller in SL) intruder males. However, physical aggression, such as chases and bites, did not differ as a function of relative SL. Our results suggest thatA. burtonimales amplify non-physical aggression to settle territorial disputes in response to differences in relative SL that were not previously considered to be behaviorally relevant.HighlightsRelative size determines social rank in the African cichlidAstatotilapia burtoniResident maleA. burtonirespond differently to small size differences in intruder malesResidents perform more non-physical aggression against larger intrudersResidents do not alter physical aggression as a function of differently sized intrudersDistinct behavioral strategies are used against different intruders
A pan-cancer atlas of somatic mutations in miRNA biogenesis genes
Authors: Galka-Marciniak Paulina , Urbanek-Trzeciak Martyna Olga , Nawrocka Paulina Maria , Kozlowski Piotr 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTIt is a well-known and intensively studied phenomenon that the levels of many miRNAs are differentiated in cancer. miRNA biogenesis and functional expression are complex processes orchestrated by many proteins cumulatively called miRNA biogenesis proteins. To characterize cancer somatic mutations in the miRNA biogenesis genes and investigate their potential impact on the levels of miRNAs, we analyzed whole-exome sequencing datasets of over 10,000 cancer/normal sample pairs deposited within the TCGA repository. We identified and characterized over 3,600 somatic mutations in 29 miRNA biogenesis genes and showed that some of the genes are overmutated in specific cancers and/or have recurrent hotspot mutations (e.g., SMAD4 in PAAD, COAD, and READ; DICER1 in UCEC; PRKRA in OV; and LIN28B in SKCM). We identified a list of miRNAs whose level is affected by particular types of mutations in either SMAD4, SMAD2, or DICER1 and showed that hotspot mutations in the RNase domains in DICER1 not only decrease the level of 5p-miRNAs but also increase the level of 3p-miRNAs, including many well-known cancer-related miRNAs. We also showed an association of the mutations with patient survival. Eventually, we created an atlas/compendium of miRNA biogenesis alterations providing a useful resource for different aspects of biomedical research.
Nanotopography controls single-molecule mobility to determine overall cell fate
Authors: Cutiongco Marie FA , Reynolds Paul M , Syme Christopher D , Gadegaard Nikolaj 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe addition of nanoscale distortion to ordered nanotopographies consistently determines an osteogenic fate in stem cells. Although disordered and ordered nanopit arrays have identical surface areas, array symmetry has opposite effects on cell fate. We aimed to understand how cells sense disorder at the nanoscale. We observed effects in the early formation of cell and focal adhesions that controlled long-term cell fate. Disordered nanopits consistently yielded larger focal adhesions at a faster rate, prompting us to investigate this at the molecular scale. Super-resolution microscopy revealed that the nanopits did not act as nucleation points, as previously thought. Rather, nanopit arrays altered the plasma membrane and acted as barriers that changed molecular diffusion. The local areas corralled by four nanopits were the smallest structures that exerted diverging effects between ordered and disordered arrays. Heterogeneity in the local area on disordered arrays increased the proportion of fastest and slowest diffusing molecules. This resulted in higher quantity, more frequent formation and clustered arrangement of nascent adhesions, i.e., the modular units on which focal adhesions are built. This work presents a new pathway to exploit nanoscale sensing to dictate cell fate.
Port Said historic markets: a tool for urban revitalization
Authors: AlSadaty Aliaa 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper investigates urban potentials of historic covered market buildings. Generally, these structures witnessed the apex of construction during the turn of the 20th century in Europe and beyond. They thrived until the second half of the 20th century when they started to decline and their existence became threatened due to several factors. This research focuses on recent regeneration attempts that consider the qualities of these structures, not only as individual buildings but also as an important tool for the revitalization of their surrounding contexts.Design/methodology/approachThis paper focuses mainly on the Egyptian network of historic indoor markets with special reference to Port Said markets which are currently in decay and in urgent need for intervention. Through the consultation of the Barcelona Model for Markets, Spain and the survey of Port Said historic markets; the present study suggests a framework through which the network of local markets can regain their positive role and contribute to the revitalization of their surrounding context.FindingsFindings reveal that historic indoor markets are complex structures that cannot be regenerated in isolation from their usually fast changing contexts. Intervention in this prototype needs to balance between traditional imaginary of these buildings, including the protection of their historic features and the protection of vulnerable local trades; and at the same time, the adaptation of market buildings to contemporary needs to improve their competitiveness on the commercial level.Originality/valueThe present study suggests a two-level framework and approach through which the network of local markets in Egyptian cities can regain their positive role and hence contribute to the revitalization of their surroundings.
Typhoon disaster politics in pre-1945 Asia: three case studies
Authors: van Klinken Gerry 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper focuses on the adaptations societies make to climate-related disasters. How they learnt from them in the past should indicate how they will respond in the more climate-stressed future. National typhoon disaster politics arise when citizens demand disaster protection from their state.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzes one episode of typhoon politics in each of three Asian countries before 1945: the Philippines (1928), India (1942) and Japan (1934). These three countries show high variance in state capacity and level of democracy. Discourse data are found in contemporary newspaper accounts.FindingsIn each case, the typhoon disaster politics were shaped by the “distance” (geographical, institutional, class and cultural) between citizen-victims and the state. Where that distance was great (rural Philippines, Bengal-India), the state tended to minimise victimhood. Where it was small (urban Japan), adaptation was serious and rapid.Social implicationsThe findings should stimulate public discussion of the way in which past social relations and power dynamics surrounding climate-related disasters might influence the present. As the political character of climate change adaptation grows clearer, so does the need for debate to be well-informed.Originality/valueMost historical work on climate-related disasters has focused either on the natural phenomena, or on their societal impact. The present paper's focus on adaptation is part of a small but growing scholarly effort to bend the debate towards the evolution of adaptive capacity.
Identifying the role of business accelerators in the developing business ecosystem: the life science sector
Authors: Kulkov Ignat , Hellström Magnus , Wikström Kim 
Published: July 2020

PurposeBusiness accelerators have recently received increasing attention as important cogs in business ecosystem development. However, their exact role in the ecosystem is not yet well known, especially outside the IT sector. The purpose of this study is, therefore, twofold: to determine the position of life science accelerators in the business ecosystem and the attributes of support for companies and to identify key features of the life science accelerators that contribute to the change in business ecosystems.Design/methodology/approachThe authors offer an exploratory case study of five life science business accelerators and analyze the main factors affecting the companies and the whole business ecosystem. The authors build upon the scarce literature on business accelerators and consider a new type of accelerator that specializes in life science projects and study its role in the transformation and evolution of the life science industry.FindingsThe authors have defined the role and key parameters of life science accelerators that influence the existing business ecosystems: (1) cooperation with other regions and countries, (2) development of entrepreneurial skills among participants of the business accelerators program and (3) a project on demand-based approach.Originality/valueThe key parameters of the life science accelerators allow to concentrate these efforts on the activities that are most demanded by the market. Business accelerators can increase the created value for other program participants.
Usage of and learning from Wikipedia: a study of university students in Pakistan
Authors: Amina Wazzuha , Warraich Nosheen Fatima , Malik Amara 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study aims to explore the university students’ usage pattern of Wikipedia information and its effect on their learning.

Design/methodology/approach
A structured questionnaire was designed to collect data from the students of master programmes at University of the Punjab, Lahore. Proportionate stratified sampling technique was used to select the sample from the population of “Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences”. In total, 225 masters’ students from eight departments participated voluntarily in the study.

Findings
Findings revealed that the majority of the respondents used Wikipedia information regularly for both academic and leisure purposes. They usually did not edit/add content in Wikipedia entries though they observed incomplete contents in it. Overall, the respondents perceived Wikipedia as an easy and understandable source of information that enhanced their understanding about a topic and enabled them to accomplish tasks more quickly.

Research limitations/implications
The sample of this study was social sciences students from one university. The findings may not be generalizable across other groups of students and universities.

Practical implications
These findings suggest that students have a positive behaviour towards Wikipedia and regarded it as a good source of information. They use Wikipedia information for academic and leisure purposes. So, the academics and librarians need to provide better guidelines for using Wikipedia, rather than prohibiting its use altogether.

Originality/value
This paper provides useful information on the use of Wikipedia among university students from a developing country’s perspective and thus contributes to the tendency of increasing acceptance of Wikipedia in academia. Furthermore, understanding how gender plays a role in differentiating the using behaviour of Wikipedia information could benefit both academics and library practitioners.
Leading digital transformation: three emerging approaches for managing the transition
Authors: Li Feng 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study identifies three emerging approaches for leading successful digital transformation. It challenges the validity and effectiveness of traditional linear processes for digital transformation that first develop a new strategy, business model or organizational design enabled by digital technologies and then execute it according to the plan.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on current research with a group of global digital champions at the forefront of digital transformation, including Amazon, Alibaba, Baidu, Google, JD.com, Uber, VMWare and Slack.FindingsThe research finds that at least three new approaches are emerging in leading organizations, which are (1) innovating by experimenting, (2) radical transformation via successive incremental changes and (3) dynamic sustainable advantages through an evolving portfolio of temporary advantages.Research limitations/implicationsMore research is needed to systematically investigate such emerging approaches and develop new theories and new analytical frameworks.Practical implicationsThese emerging approaches can be used to guide digital transformation initiatives.Social implicationsThey also enable business leaders to tackle grand societal challenges using financially sustainable and scalable operational models, generating profit and impact at the same time.Originality/valueIt challenges traditional linear approaches for leading digital transformation and highlights the need for new and iterative approaches for bridging the strategy–execution gap in the volatile digital economy.
Revised overall labour effectiveness
Authors: Braglia Marcello , Castellano Davide , Frosolini Marco , Gallo Mosè , Marrazzini Leonardo 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe paper proposes a new workforce effectiveness metric that is a sophisticated evolution of a pre-existing overall labour effectiveness (OLE) indicator. The KPI, named revised OLE (ROLE), provides a structured methodology to measure in a holistic way the losses relating to labour, maintaining some formal similitude to the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE)Design/methodology/approachA new structure of losses is proposed to overcome the drawbacks and the difficulties that usually affect the data collection stage, referring to directly measurable quantities or, when this is not the case, suggesting a viable method to quantify the loss. Besides, this approach facilitates the comprehension of labour-related issues, suggesting potential countermeasures. The novel ROLE indicator has been defined, based on this new structure, to evaluate the labour effectiveness in batch process industries. A real case study is provided, which explains the methodology and illustrates the capability of the corresponding KPI.FindingsThe present work analyses the labour performance indexes available in literature, with the aim of evidencing those aspects that can be properly observed and quantified and, at the same time, categorizing them to identify their possible drawbacks. A new structure of losses is derived, with respect to four different categories, which may help to measure the losses themselves more effectivelyOriginality/valueThe paper investigates some important KPIs dealing with labour performance and individuates some significant drawbacks. Then it suggests a new, inclusive structure of losses and a modified KPI that not only measures effectiveness but also allows to identify viable countermeasures.
Employability skills of real estate graduates in Nigeria: a skill gap analysis
Authors: Ayodele Timothy Oluwafemi , Oladokun Timothy Tunde , Kajimo-Shakantu Kahilu 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The global shift in the traditional skills required of real estate graduates has led to an increased demand for employees who have the required skills and competencies. The purpose of this study is to evaluate employment considerations of real estate firms and analyse employers’ skill expectations and the observed skills possessed by the graduate employees. This study also analysed the self-assessed soft skill levels of the graduate employees, thereby establishing the skill gap.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were sought from real estate employers in the two dominant real estate markets of Nigeria: Lagos and Abuja, and real estate graduate employees who have had a minimum of six months working experience in real estate firms. Data collected were analysed using statistical techniques such as frequency, percentages, mean, correlation, multivariate analysis of variance, paired-samples t-test and independent samples t-test.

Findings
The findings of this study revealed that employers’ soft skills expectations were high with skills such as responsibility, administrative, listening, communication, business negotiation and work ethics. Based on employers' observed skills, there were significant skill gaps with respect to soft skills such as responsibility, business negotiation, logical thinking, marketing and dispute resolution. An analysis of the core skills reveals employers' preference for technical competencies in valuation, agency, property management, marketing, report writing and landlord and tenant laws. However, graduate employees possessed significant skill gaps with regards to technical skills such as valuation, property investment analysis, feasibility and viability appraisal, market research methods and facility management.

Practical implications
An understanding of the skill gaps will provide useful feedback to professional bodies, regulatory boards, institutions of higher learning, faculty members and other stakeholders regarding deficient skill areas, especially for curriculum review, development and training in the real estate sector.

Originality/value
There is a paucity of information about employers' skill preferences and the skill gaps in the real estate sector.
Dynamic maintenance based on functional usage profiles
Authors: Tinga Tiedo , Wubben Flip , Tiddens Wieger , Wortmann Hans , Gaalman Gerard 
Published: July 2020

PurposeFor many decades, it has been recognized that maintenance activities should be adapted to the specific usage of a system. For that reason, many advanced policies have been developed, such as condition-based and load-based maintenance policies. However, these policies require advanced monitoring techniques and rather detailed understanding of the failure behavior, which requires the support of an OEM or expert, prohibiting application by an operator in many cases. The present work proposes a maintenance policy that relieves the high (technical) demands set by these existing policies and provides a more accurate specification of the required (dynamic) maintenance interval than traditional usage-based maintenance.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology followed starts with a review and critical assessment of existing maintenance policies, which are classified according to six different aspects. Based on the need for a technically less demanding policy that appears from this comparison, a new policy is developed. The consecutive steps required for this functional usage profiles based maintenance policy are then critically discussed: usage profile definition, monitoring, profile severity quantification and the possible extension to the fleet level. After the description of the proposed policy, it is demonstrated in three case studies on real systems.FindingsA maintenance policy based on a simple usage registration procedure appears to be feasible, which enables a significantly more efficient maintenance process than the traditional usage-based policies. This is demonstrated by the policy proposed here.Practical implicationsThe proposed maintenance policy based on functional usage profiles offers the operators of fleets of systems the opportunity to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of their maintenance process, without the need for a high investment in advanced monitoring systems and in experts interpreting the results.Originality/valueThe original contribution of this work is the explicit definition of a new maintenance policy, which combines the benefits of considering the effects of usage or environment severity with a limited investment in monitoring technology.
Entrepreneurial leadership measurement: a multi-dimensional construct
Authors: Bagheri Afsaneh , Harrison Christian 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to refine our understanding of entrepreneurial leadership by developing a multi-dimensional measure for the construct through a comprehensive approach based on the skills and competencies of entrepreneurial leaders as well as their behaviour and roles.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the evidence collected across two cultural and economic contexts namely Iran and Scotland and prior theoretical conceptualisations, this study designed an entrepreneurial leadership scale. Questionnaires were the mode of data collection, and data was triangulated via participants and literature.FindingsFrom the study a detailed conceptualisation of entrepreneurial leadership was formed, which in turn provides the basis for an empirical-based construct of this phenomenon and its measurement from a cross-cultural perspective. Specifically, this study identifies the items that best describe each dimension of entrepreneurial leadership. By these findings, this study provides the skills, competencies and specific behaviour of entrepreneurial leaders.Originality/valueThe findings of this study have implications the theory and practice. By highlighting the dimensions of entrepreneurial leadership, this study assists the development of theories on how entrepreneurial leadership influence the process of innovation and opportunity recognition. This study is one of the first to examine the validity and reliability of the measure developed for the construct across two countries having different cultural and economic contexts, namely Iran and Scotland. In practice, the findings of this study serve as a useful reference for practitioners of the skills, behaviours and competencies expected of entrepreneurial leaders.
From self-management to a systemized process: the implementation of lean management in a Chinese hospital’s pharmacy intravenous admixture services center
Authors: Gao Tian , Zhang Xuzhu , Gurd Bruce , Liu Zunyu 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the importance of lean leadership in an implementation in a Chinese hospital, considering a particular focus on the attitudes of nursing professionals while identifying specific cultural or institutional factors in China that might affect the implementation.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use Harrison et al.’s (2016) framework to explore the outcomes of a nine-month action research project whereby the authors observed the process and outcomes of implementing lean in a pharmacy intravenous admixture service of a Chinese hospital.

Findings
The implementation of lean had positive results, which improved the efficiency of the operation, reduced the work start time and the amount of staff, and improved clinical satisfaction. In the process of implementation, nursing professionals showed a positive attitude toward the implementation and showed no obvious resistance under the positive influence of the head nurse. The combination of Chinese cultural characteristics, nursing culture and strong leadership enabled lean success.

Originality/value
The unit moved from self-management to a systemized process of using lean concepts and methods, it is an important change for hospital managers.