bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding why people share in the sharing economy
Authors: Huang Shiu-Li , Kuo Shu-Yu 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe sharing economy is an emerging trend that takes advantage of underused assets and generates enormous amount of economic value. However, little research has been done to understand the factors that drive people to share assets.Design/methodology/approachThis study develops two models, one based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and another based on social capital theory (SCT), to explain why individuals want to share their assets with others. An Internet survey is conducted to collect data and test the proposed models. Most of respondents were members of Airbnb or Uber – accommodation sharing and taxi services.FindingsThe results show that the TPB model has greater explanatory power than the SCT model. The individual's motivations, attitude, perceived behavioral control, facilitating technological conditions and identification with the community increase their intention to share assets.Originality/valueThis study distinguishes asset suppliers from consumers to clearly understand the factors that influence the intention to provide underused assets. The research findings can help companies participating in the sharing economy to induce people to share.
Using arguments and myths to lobby over controversial accounting issues: evidence from Japan
Authors: Tsunogaya Noriyuki , Hellmann Andreas 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis study aims to examine the (overt) arguments and (covert) myths the Business Accounting Council (BAC) members have used to lobby over controversial accounting issues, such as the application of fair value accounting (FVA) and the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Japan.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a content analysis to examine 85 statements included in multiperiod BAC meeting minutes and 68 articles prepared by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) representatives from Japan.FindingsThe results reveal that together with the arguments, myths were created and amplified by opponents of FVA and the Financial Services Agency to hide the latter’s strong regulatory power. They created these myths, using covert stories of the importance of manufacturing activities and tax accounting (for small- and medium-sized enterprises [SMEs]), to oppose mandatory IFRS adoption in Japan and, thus, to maintain vested rights in preparing the Japanese generally accepted accounting principles and Japanese accounting standards for SMEs.Originality/valueFirst, this study contributes to the lobbying literature by focusing on the coalition (network) effect of influential stakeholder groups. Second, although lobbying activities have been investigated mostly using comment letters, this study reviews multiperiod BAC meeting minutes and articles prepared by IASB representatives from Japan. Third, the study examines both overt arguments and covert myths, both of which are important in unmasking the fundamental structures of power within influential organizations, such as government agencies and standard-setters.
Work environment and job satisfaction among nurses in government tertiary hospitals in Nigeria
Authors: Akinwale Olusegun Emmanuel , George Olusoji James 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
Job satisfaction is indispensable in the daily life of the workforce, and the mechanism that drives job satisfaction requires the attention of the management of corporate organisations. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the predictors of work environment on job satisfaction among nurses in both federal and state tertiary hospitals in Lagos State.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used the longitudinal research design to elicit information from the respondents. The research instrument used is a nursing work index scale by Aiken and Patrician which has been established to have a high internal reliability coefficient. The simple random sampling strategy was used to administer the research instrument to 364 nurses. The study used hierarchical multiple regression to analyse the data obtained.

Findings
This study discovered that all the variables collectively determined nurses job satisfaction; however, the salary was the most fundamental essential predictor that drive nurses’ job satisfaction followed by advancement and promotion. All seven predictors, namely, socio-political climate; administrative and managerial support, autonomy and responsibility, salary, supervision and working condition, recognition and achievement, advancement and promotion, collectively exert positive relationship with nurses’ job satisfaction. The study concluded that to retain and prevent turnover intention among nurses, and other health-care workers, the management of hospitals must pay due attention to issues relating to job satisfaction, as this is likely to increase health-care system effectiveness, boost mental and social health of the nurses.

Originality/value
This study shows that job satisfaction in the workplace comes from diverse techniques, as other factors have been proven effective other than salary in international cultures and regions, but in Nigeria, salary and career promotion take pre-eminence above other factors. This is because of Nigerian socio-cultural realities and that is another paradigm shift.
Asymmetric effect of extreme changes in the exchange rate volatility on the US imports
Authors: Chang Bisharat Hussain , Rajput Suresh Kumar Oad , Bhutto Niaz Ahmed , Abro Zahida 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
Recent literature has shifted to examining whether exchange rate volatility symmetrically or asymmetrically affects the trade flows. This study aims to extend the existing literature by examining the effects of extremely large to extremely small changes in exchange rate volatility series on the US imports from Brazil, India, Mexico and South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach
For examining the effects of extreme changes, multiple threshold nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (MTNARDL) model is used and the exchange rate volatility series is divided into quintiles and deciles. It helps to examine the effects of each quintile/decile of exchange rate volatility series on the US imports.

Findings
Findings indicate that the effects of extremely large changes in the exchange rate volatility series significantly differ from the effects of extremely small changes in the exchange rate volatility series on the US imports.

Practical implications
The findings of this study are very important. These findings help to consider the effect of extreme changes before devising policies related to trade flows.

Originality/value
This study mainly focuses on US imports from Brazil, India, Mexico and South Africa. In addition, this study extends the existing literature by using a novel methodology called MTNARDL model.
Selective etching and hardness properties of quenched SAC305 solder joints
Authors: Yahaya Muhamad Zamri , Salleh Nor Azmira , Kheawhom Soorathep , Illes Balazs , Mohd Nazeri Muhammad Firdaus , Mohamad Ahmad Azmin 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the morphology of intermetallic (IMC) compounds and the mechanical properties of SAC305 solder alloy under different cooling conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
SAC305 solder joints were prepared under different cooling conditions/rates. The performance of three different etching methods was investigated: simple chemical etching, deep etching based on the Jackson method and selective removal of β-Sn by a standard three-electrode cell method. Phase and structural analyses were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of etched solder was examined by a field emission scanning electron microscope. The hardness evaluations of the solder joints were conducted by a Vickers microhardness tester.

Findings
The Ag3Sn network was significantly refined by the ice-quenching process. Further, the thickness of the Cu6Sn5 layer decreased with an increase in the cooling rate. The finer Ag3Sn network and the thinner Cu6Sn5 IMC layer were the results of the reduced solidification time. The ice-quenched solder joints showed the highest hardness values because of the refinement of the Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 phases.

Originality/value
The reduction in the XRD peak intensities showed the influence of the cooling condition on the formation of the different phases. The micrographs prepared by electrochemical etching revealed better observations regarding the shape and texture of the IMC phases than those prepared by the conventional etching method. The lower grain orientation sensitivity of the electrochemical etching method (unlike chemical etching) significantly improved the micrographs and enabled accurate observation of IMC phases.
Three‐dimensional Marchenko internal multiple attenuation on narrow azimuth streamer data of the Santos Basin, Brazil
Authors: Staring Myrna , Wapenaar Kees 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTIn recent years, a variety of Marchenko methods for the attenuation of internal multiples has been developed. These methods have been extensively tested on two‐dimensional synthetic data and applied to two‐dimensional field data, but only little is known about their behaviour on three‐dimensional synthetic data and three‐dimensional field data. Particularly, it is not known whether Marchenko methods are sufficiently robust for sparse acquisition geometries that are found in practice. Therefore, we start by performing a series of synthetic tests to identify the key acquisition parameters and limitations that affect the result of three‐dimensional Marchenko internal multiple prediction and subtraction using an adaptive double‐focusing method. Based on these tests, we define an interpolation strategy and use it for the field data application. Starting from a wide azimuth dense grid of sources and receivers, a series of decimation tests are performed until a narrow azimuth streamer geometry remains. We evaluate the effect of the removal of sail lines, near offsets, far offsets and outer cables on the result of the adaptive double‐focusing method. These tests show that our method is most sensitive to the limited aperture in the crossline direction and the sail line spacing when applying it to synthetic narrow azimuth streamer data. The sail line spacing can be interpolated, but the aperture in the crossline direction is a limitation of the acquisition. Next, we apply the adaptive Marchenko double‐focusing method to the narrow azimuth streamer field data from the Santos Basin, Brazil. Internal multiples are predicted and adaptively subtracted, thereby improving the geological interpretation of the target area. These results imply that our adaptive double‐focusing method is sufficiently robust for the application to three‐dimensional field data, although the key acquisition parameters and limitations will naturally differ in other geological settings and for other types of acquisition.
Cerebroplacental ratio in predicting adverse perinatal outcome: a meta‐analysis of individual participant data
Authors: Vollgraff Heidweiller‐Schreurs CA , van Osch IR , Heymans MW , Ganzevoort W , Schoonmade LJ , Bax CJ , Mol BWJ , de Groot CJM , Bossuyt PMM , de Boer MA ,   the CPR IPD Study Group
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate if cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) adds to the predictive value of umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA PI) alone – standard of practice – for adverse perinatal outcome in singleton pregnancies.Design and settingMeta‐analysis based on individual participant data (IPD).Population or sampleTen centres provided 17 data sets for 21 661 participants, 18 731 of which could be included. Sample sizes per data set ranged from 207 to 9215 individuals. Patient populations varied from uncomplicated to complicated pregnancies.MethodsIn a collaborative, pooled analysis, we compared the prognostic value of combining CPR with UA PI, versus UA PI only and CPR only, with a one‐stage IPD approach. After multiple imputation of missing values, we used multilevel multivariable logistic regression to develop prediction models. We evaluated the classification performance of all models with receiver operating characteristics analysis. We performed subgroup analyses according to gestational age, birthweight centile and estimated fetal weight centile.Main outcome measuresComposite adverse perinatal outcome, defined as perinatal death, caesarean section for fetal distress or neonatal unit admission.ResultsAdverse outcomes occurred in 3423 (18%) participants. The model with UA PI alone resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.775 (95% CI 0.709–0.828) and with CPR alone in an AUC of 0.778 (95% CI 0.715–0.831). Addition of CPR to the UA PI model resulted in an increase in the AUC of 0.003 points (0.778, 95% CI 0.714–0.831). These results were consistent across all subgroups.ConclusionsCerebroplacental ratio added no predictive value for adverse perinatal outcome beyond UA PI, when assessing singleton pregnancies, irrespective of gestational age or fetal size.Tweetable abstractDoppler measurement of cerebroplacental ratio in clinical practice has limited added predictive value to umbilical artery alone.
Biotransformation of d‐xylose to d‐xylonate coupled to medium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoate production in cellobiose‐grown Pseudomonas putida EM42
Authors: Dvořák Pavel , Kováč Jozef , de Lorenzo Víctor 
Published: May 2020

SummaryCo‐production of two or more desirable compounds from low‐cost substrates by a single microbial catalyst could greatly improve the economic competitiveness of many biotechnological processes. However, reports demonstrating the adoption of such co‐production strategy are still scarce. In this study, the ability of genome‐edited strain Pseudomonas putida EM42 to simultaneously valorize d‐xylose and d‐cellobiose – two important lignocellulosic carbohydrates – by converting them into the platform chemical d‐xylonate and medium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoates, respectively, was investigated. Biotransformation experiments performed with P. putida resting cells showed that promiscuous periplasmic glucose oxidation route can efficiently generate extracellular xylonate with a high yield. Xylose oxidation was subsequently coupled to the growth of P. putida with cytoplasmic β‐glucosidase BglC from Thermobifida fusca on d‐cellobiose. This disaccharide turned out to be a better co‐substrate for xylose‐to‐xylonate biotransformation than monomeric glucose. This was because unlike glucose, cellobiose did not block oxidation of the pentose by periplasmic glucose dehydrogenase Gcd, but, similarly to glucose, it was a suitable substrate for polyhydroxyalkanoate formation in P. putida. Co‐production of extracellular xylose‐born xylonate and intracellular cellobiose‐born medium‐chain‐length polyhydroxyalkanoates was established in proof‐of‐concept experiments with P. putida grown on the disaccharide. This study highlights the potential of P. putida EM42 as a microbial platform for the production of xylonate, identifies cellobiose as a new substrate for mcl‐PHA production, and proposes a fresh strategy for the simultaneous valorization of xylose and cellobiose.
Lessons from the public health responses to the US outbreak of vaping‐related lung injury
Authors: Hall Wayne , Gartner Coral , Bonevski Billie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo describe an outbreak of lung injuries in 2019 among people who vaped in the United States (type of injuries, people afflicted, substances vaped and cause of the injuries) and to analyse critically the regulatory responses of public health authorities and the media reporting of the outbreak.MethodsCase studies of the reporting of the e‐cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury (EVALI) outbreak. We examined data on the number of cases of lung injury provided by the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC), public advice on the causes of the outbreak provided by the CDC and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), major media reports of the outbreak and proposed regulatory responses by governments in the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom.ResultsThe CDC initially suggested that the cause of the outbreak was nicotine vaping because the outbreak followed a large increase in nicotine vaping among US adolescents. Case–control studies revealed that the majority of cases had vaped illicit cannabis oils that were contaminated by vitamin E acetate. The CDC's public advice and the media were slow to report the evidence on the role of cannabis vaping. Popular government regulatory proposals—bans on sales of nicotine flavours and vaporizers—were based on the assumption that nicotine vaping was the cause of the outbreak.ConclusionsMedia reporting in the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom of the US Centers for Disease Control's analysis of the causes of the e‐cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury outbreak contributed to regulatory over‐reactions to nicotine vaping by the public health community.
Anatomical, histological and biochemical studies of desert rodent Gerbillus tarabuli (Thomas, 1902) kidney
Authors: Nemiri Naima , Ouali‐Hassenaoui Saliha 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present work aimed to study the anatomy, histology, cytology and some biochemical parameters (urea, osmolality, haematocrit, serum natrium, serum kalium) of the kidney of Gerbillus tarabuli. The investigated animals (n = 16) were collected from the desert, weighed and transferred alive to the laboratory in separate cages. A blood sample was taken by puncture at the retro‐orbital sinus of each animal using a Pasteur‐type capillary pipette capillary. They were anaesthetized with urethane injection (25%), after which they were carefully dissected; their organs were taken out and prepared for the histological and cytological studies. Pasteur pipette capillary type the kidney of the Gerbillus tarabuli is subdivided into three regions: Cortex (1193.625±60μm), Outer Medulla (1316.72±73μm), Inner Medulla (2525.08±85 μm). Pasteur pipette capillary type the kidney of the Gerbillus tarabuli is subdivided into three regions: Cortex (1193.625±60μm), Outer Medulla (1316.72±73μm), Inner Medulla (2525.08±85 μm). The concentration of the biochemical parameters of urea (0.41 ± 0.02 g/L), osmolality (300.75 ± 3.33 mOs/kg), haematocrit (34.18 ± 1.3%), serum natrium (141.37 ± 2.31 mmol/L) and serum kalium (7.69 ± 0.39 mmol/L) is in the interval of the norm compared with several studies on desert and semi‐desert rodents and also on the Wistar rat. These findings revealed the adaptive morphology and physiological function in the kidney of G. tarabuli to the desert environment.
Review article: opportunities to improve and expand thiopurine therapy for autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Czaja Albert J. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryBackgroundThiopurines in combination with glucocorticoids are used as first‐line, second‐line and maintenance therapies in autoimmune hepatitis and opportunities exist to improve and expand their use.AimsTo describe the metabolic pathways and key factors implicated in the efficacy and toxicity of the thiopurine drugs and to indicate the opportunities to improve outcomes by monitoring and manipulating metabolic pathways, individualising dosage and strengthening the response.MethodsEnglish abstracts were identified in PubMed by multiple search terms. Full‐length articles were selected for review, and secondary and tertiary bibliographies were developed.ResultsThiopurine methyltransferase activity and 6‐tioguanine (6‐thioguanine) nucleotide levels influence drug efficacy and safety, and they can be manipulated to improve treatment response and prevent myelosuppression. Methylated thiopurine metabolites are associated with hepatotoxicity, drug intolerance and nonresponse and their production can be reduced or bypassed. Universal pre‐treatment assessment of thiopurine methyltransferase activity and individualisation of dosage to manipulate metabolite thresholds could improve outcomes. Early detection of thiopurine resistance by metabolite testing, accurate estimations of drug onset and strength by surrogate markers and adjunctive use of allopurinol could improve the management of refractory disease. Dose‐restricted tioguanine (thioguanine) could expand treatment options by reducing methylated metabolites, increasing the bioavailability of 6‐tioguanine nucleotides and ameliorating thiopurine intolerance or resistance.ConclusionsThe efficacy and safety of thiopurines in autoimmune hepatitis can be improved by investigational efforts that establish monitoring strategies that allow individualisation of dosage and prediction of outcome, increase bioavailability of the active metabolites and demonstrate superiority to alternative agents.
Central control of energy balance by amylin and calcitonin receptor agonists and their potential for treatment of metabolic diseases
Authors: Zakariassen Hannah Louise , John Linu Mary , Lutz Thomas Alexander 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of obesity and associated comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease is increasing globally. Body‐weight loss reduces the risk of morbidity and mortality in obese individuals, and thus, pharmacotherapies that induce weight loss can be of great value in improving the health and well‐being of people living with obesity. Treatment with amylin and calcitonin receptor agonists reduces food intake and induces weight loss in several animal models, and a number of companies have started clinical testing for peptide analogues in the treatment of obesity and/or type 2 diabetes. Studies predominantly performed in rodent models show that amylin and the dual amylin/calcitonin receptor agonist salmon calcitonin achieve their metabolic effects by engaging areas in the brain associated with regulating homeostatic energy balance. In particular, signalling via neuronal circuits in the caudal hindbrain and the hypothalamus is implicated in mediating effects on food intake and energy expenditure. We review the current literature investigating the interaction of amylin/calcitonin receptor agonists with neurocircuits that induce the observed metabolic effects. Moreover, the status of drug development of amylin and calcitonin receptor agonists for the treatment of metabolic diseases is summarized.
On using electronic health records to improve optimal treatment rules in randomized trials
Authors: Wu Peng , Zeng Donglin , Fu Haoda , Wang Yuanjia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIndividualized treatment rules (ITRs) tailor medical treatments according to patient‐specific characteristics in order to optimize patient outcomes. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are used to infer valid ITRs using statistical and machine learning methods. However, RCTs are usually conducted under specific inclusion/exclusion criteria, thus limiting their generalizability to a broader patient population in real‐world practice settings. Because electronic health records (EHRs) document treatment prescriptions in the real world, transferring information in EHRs to RCTs, if done appropriately, could potentially improve the performance of ITRs, in terms of precision and generalizability. In this work, we propose a new domain adaptation method to learn ITRs by incorporating information from EHRs. Unless we assume that there is no unmeasured confounding in EHRs, we cannot directly learn the optimal ITR from the combined EHR and RCT data. Instead, we first pretrain “super” features from EHRs that summarize physician treatment decisions and patient observed benefits in the real world, as these are likely to be informative of the optimal ITRs. We then augment the feature space of the RCT and learn the optimal ITRs by stratifying by super features using subjects enrolled in RCT. We adopt Q‐learning and a modified matched‐learning algorithm for estimation. We present heuristic justification of our method and conduct simulation studies to demonstrate the performance of super features. Finally, we apply our method to transfer information learned from EHRs of patients with type 2 diabetes to learn individualized insulin therapies from RCT data.