bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A knowledge management system framework for an open biomedical repository: communities, collaboration and corroboration
Authors: Kruesi Lisa , Burstein Frada , Tanner Kerry 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess the opportunity for a distributed, networked open biomedical repository (OBR) using a knowledge management system (KMS) conceptual framework. An innovative KMS conceptual framework is proposed to guide the transition from a traditional, siloed approach to a sustainable OBR.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reports on a cycle of action research, involving literature review, interviews and focus group with leaders in biomedical research, open science and librarianship, and an audit of elements needed for an Australasian OBR; these, along with an Australian KM standard, informed the resultant KMS framework.FindingsThe proposed KMS framework aligns the requirements for an OBR with the people, process, technology and content elements of the KM standard. It identifies and defines nine processes underpinning biomedical knowledge – discovery, creation, representation, classification, storage, retrieval, dissemination, transfer and translation. The results comprise an explanation of these processes and examples of the people, process, technology and content dimensions of each process. While the repository is an integral cog within the collaborative, distributed open science network, its effectiveness depends on understanding the relationships and linkages between system elements and achieving an appropriate balance between them.Research limitations/implicationsThe current research has focused on biomedicine. This research builds on the worldwide effort to reduce barriers, in particular paywalls to health knowledge. The findings present an opportunity to rationalize and improve a KMS integral to biomedical knowledge.Practical implicationsAdoption of the KMS framework for a distributed, networked OBR will facilitate open science through reducing duplication of effort, removing barriers to the flow of knowledge and ensuring effective management of biomedical knowledge.Social implicationsAchieving quality, permanency and discoverability of a region’s digital assets is possible through ongoing usage of the framework for researchers, industry and consumers.Originality/valueThe framework demonstrates the dependencies and interplay of elements and processes to frame an OBR KMS.
COVID-19 is killing education budgets: are educational public-private partnerships an answer?
Authors: Mitra Romita 
Published: September 2020

PurposeEducation budgets are being reduced by many governments, especially in low- and middle-income (LMIC) countries, as finite resources are diverted toward the health crisis brought about by the pandemic. As the crisis continues, some governments may opt to turn to education public-private partnerships (PPP) to meet funding shortfalls and build capacity. This paper discusses some of the common critiques of educational PPPs, examines some pertinent case studies, and offers suggestions for practitioners and decision-makers on sustainable and ethical PPPs in education.Design/methodology/approachThis paper draws on existing literature and current reporting by international/intergovernmental organizations to explore the complex role of public and private collaboration and agency in education and offers insights and suggestions to the challenges that may arise with increased educational PPPs as a result of the pandemic.FindingsPPPs are controversial, susceptible to issues of accountability and transparency, and findings so far are varied, and yet countries may turn to them to address funding and resource shortfalls arising from the pandemic. The author proposes recommendations to address the common issues in educational PPPs.Originality/valueThis paper will contribute to the evolving conversation on educational PPPs, its role and limitations.
Twenty years of XBRL: what we know and where we are going
Authors: Bartolacci Francesca , Caputo Andrea , Fradeani Andrea , Soverchia Michela 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to extend the knowledge of eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) to synthesize what 20 years of accounting and business literature on XBRL suggests about the effective improvement from its implementation in financial reporting.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of 142 articles resulted in the identification of 5 primary research streams: adoption issues; financial reporting; decision-making processes, market efficiency and corporate governance; audit and assurance issues; and non-financial reporting.

Findings
The results reveal a scarcity of studies devoted to explicating the consequences of XBRL implementation on financial reporting outside the SEC’s XBRL mandate and listed companies’ contexts. Also, some papers’ results question the usefulness of the language on the decision-making process. The overall lack of literature concerning the impact of XBRL on financial statement preparers, especially with reference to SMEs, is evident. Moreover, the consequences on corporate governance choices and the relevant internal decision-making processes are rarely debated.

Research limitations/implications
The findings are useful for users of companies’ financial disclosure policies, particularly for regulators who manage XBRL implementation in countries where XBRL has not yet been adopted as well as for others working in specific areas of financial disclosure, such as non-financial reporting and public sector financial reporting.

Originality/value
This study differs from previous literature on XBRL as it focuses on a wider period of analysis and offers a unique methodology – combination of bibliometric and systematic review – as well as a business perspective for deepening XBRL.
The short-term and long-term impacts of the procedural justice training
Authors: Dai Mengyan , Hu Xiaochen , Thomas Lindsey , Kenter Robert 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis study examines the short- and long-term changes in officers' attitudes toward four elements of procedural justice (i.e. trustworthiness, respect, neutrality and voice) after a department-wide procedural justice training program.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilized the pretest–posttest, single-group design to evaluate the training with two waves of officer surveys and conducted multivariate analyses to assess the factors that could have an impact on the training effects.FindingsThe training was effective in increasing officers' support for all four elements of procedural justice immediately, and the effects remained significant over 18 months. In addition, the analyses found that there were racial differences in officers' attitudes before and after the training, and the immediate supervisors' priority played an important role in the training effects.Originality/valueThere has been limited systematic research on police training. This study contributes to the understanding of how procedural justice training can help improve police-community relations and reduce the attitudinal differences between White officers and minority officers.
Structuring unequal relations: role trajectories in informal dementia care
Authors: Fletcher James Rupert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTransitions into informal care roles are associated with various characteristics, for example gender and geographic proximity, but such associations are insufficient to explain role delegation, overlooking the interpersonal structure–agency nexuses that constitute role trajectories. This paper explores unequal role delegation within 7 families affected by dementia, presenting data from interviews with 7 people with dementia and 26 carers living in the community in the United Kingdom. Two key care roles are identified: the relatively un‐involved role of peripheral actors and the lynchpin role of main carers who take on most of the care tasks. These roles emerge from negotiations around a range of extraneous factors that collectively comprise cumulative baggage, including historic conflicts and childcare commitments. The unequal distribution of care reflects widely noted demographic associations with role delegation, but is enacted and justified through the interpersonal negotiation of personalised meanings regarding individual circumstances and suitability. Though deeply personal when taken at face value, these meanings imbibe sociocultural norms and political economies of care to structurally position family members in relation to each other and signpost appropriate candidates for caring roles, even before such care is required.
Demand for Crop Insurance in Developing Countries: New Evidence from India
Authors: Ghosh Ranjan Kumar , Gupta Shweta , Singh Vartika , Ward Patrick S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDetermining farmers’ real demand for crop insurance is difficult, especially in developing countries, where there is a lack of formal financial sector integration and a high reliance on informal risk mitigation options. We provide some new estimates of farmers’ willingness‐to‐pay for insurance in the context of a large‐scale subsidised programme in India. We conducted a discrete choice experiment with agricultural households across four states in India, enabling us to estimate preferences for specific insurance policy attributes such as coverage period, method of loss assessment, timing of indemnity payments and the cost of insurance. Our results suggest that farmers do value crop insurance under certain conditions and some are willing to pay a premium for such coverage in excess of the subsidised rates they are currently required to pay under this programme. In particular, farmers value the assurances that they will receive timely payouts when they incur losses, and may not have a strong preference for the method with which losses are assessed. On the other hand, farmers are quite sensitive to coverage periods. Our baseline assessment shows that when optimised to farmer requirements, there can be a sizeable demand for crop insurance by developing country farmers.
Pediatric circumcision using n‐butyl‐cyanoacrylate plusMSmonomer: Bacteriostatic and cosmetic advantages over suture
Authors: Spinelli Claudio , Bertocchini Alessia , Leoni Matteo , Calani Chiara , Morganti Riccardo , Strambi Silvia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to compare the use of n‐butyl‐cyanoacrylate plus MS monomer (NBCA‐MS) glue with suture in pediatric circumcision.Materials and MethodsBetween January 2013 and January 2017, 160 consecutive pediatric patients (range 18 months–14 years, mean 7.5 years) underwent circumcision. Eighty patients were randomly allocated to the glue group and 80 to the suture group. In the glue group wound margins were approximated by n‐butyl‐cyanoacrylate plus MS monomer (NBCA‐MS) glue while in the suture group interrupted 5‐0 polyglycolic acid stitches were used. Each group was randomized into two subgroups: forty patients (subgroup A) received antibiotics (6 days of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) and 40 (subgroup B) patients did not receive any postoperative drug. Operative time, pain score, postoperative complications and cosmesis were statistically evaluated.ResultsThe operation time was significantly higher in the suture group; pain severity and duration were not significantly lower in the glue group. In the 80 patients of the glue group no complications occurred; in the suture group 20 (25%) cases of wound edema and 6 (7.5%) infections occurred. Cosmesis evaluation 1 and 6 months postoperatively showed significantly better results in the glue group.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that NBCA‐MS glue wound closure in pediatric circumcision is a safe and effective technique.
Pan‐genome analysis of Exiguobacterium reveals species delineation and genomic similarity with Exiguobacterium profundum PHM 11
Authors: Srivastava Alok Kumar , Srivastava Ruchi , Sharma Anjney , Bharati Akhilendra Pratap , Tiwari Praveen Kumar , Singh Alok Kumar , Srivastava Anchal Kumar , Chakdar Hillol , Kashyap Prem Lal , Saxena Anil Kumar 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe stint of the bacterial species is convoluting, but the new algorithms to calculate genome‐to‐genome distance (GGD) and DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) for comparative genome analysis have rejuvenated the exploration of species and sub‐species characterization. The present study reports the first whole genome sequence of Exiguobacterium profundum PHM11. PHM11 genome consist of ~ 2.92 Mb comprising 48 contigs, 47.93% G + C content. Functional annotations revealed a total of 3033 protein coding genes and 33 non‐protein coding genes. Out of these, only 2316 could be characterized and others reported as hypothetical proteins. The comparative analysis of predicted proteome of PHM11 with five other Exiguobacterium sp. identified 3806 clusters, out of which the PHM11 shared a total of 2723 clusters having 1664 common clusters, 131 singletons and 928 distributed between five species. The pan‐genome analysis of 70 different genomic sequences of Exigubacterium strains devoid of a species taxon was done on the basis of GGD and the DDH which identified eight genomes analogous to the PHM11 at species level and may be characterized as E. profundum. The ANI value and phylogenetic tree analysis also support the same. The results regarding pan‐genome analysis provide a convincing insight for delineation of these eight strains to species.
Rapid visual detection of Japanese hornwort mosaic virus infecting Angelica sinensis by reverse transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Zhang Yubao , Wang Ruoyu , Xie Zhongkui , Wang Yajun , Zhao Xia , Liu Yang , Zhou Qin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractJapanese hornwort mosaic virus (JHMV; genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae) is a widespread virus that infects angelica (Angelica sinensis [Oliv.] Diels), an important Chinese herbal medicine plant grown in Gansu, China. JHMV infection has contributed to the deterioration in angelica quality and a reduction in yield. Consequently, there is a need to develop a reliable, simple and rapid detection method to accurately identify JHMV infection and help limit its spread. We describe here, a reverse transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (RT‐LAMP) developed to detect the coat protein gene of JHMV. RT‐LAMP amplification products were assessed through real‐time fluorescence detection and by gel electrophoresis and SYBR Green I DNA staining for visual observation. This assay successfully detected JHMV in infected plants without cross reactivity recorded from six other plant viruses. Optimum LAMP reactions were conducted in betaine‐free media with 6 mM Mg2+ at 60°C for 60 min for JHMV. The detection limit was 0.28 pg/ml using RT‐LAMP for JHMV plasmids. This detection limit for the RT‐LAMP assay was 100 times lower than that of the conventional RT‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay. Our field survey of angelica crops for JHMV using RT‐LAMP further demonstrated a higher sensitivity than RT‐PCR, detecting 78% versus 72%. Agreement (κ) between the results obtained from the two tests was 0.844. We found RT‐LAMP is accurate and efficient in diagnosis and potentially improving JHMV disease management and forecasting in A. sinensis in China.
Discriminating between allele‐ and genotype‐specific transmission ratio distortion
Authors: Casellas J. , Id‐Lahoucine S. , Cánovas A. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryTransmission ratio distortion (TRD) is defined as the observed deviation from the expected Mendelian inheritance of alleles from heterozygous parents. This phenomenon is attributed to various biological mechanisms acting on germ cells, embryos or fetuses, or even in early postnatal life. Current statistical approaches typically use two independent parametrizations assuming that TRD relies on allele‐ or genotype‐related mechanisms, although they have never been tested and compared. This study compared allele‐ and genotype‐related TRD models on simulated datasets with 1000 genotyped offspring and real data from 168 sire–dam–offspring beef cattle trios. The analysis of simulated datasets favored the true model of analysis in most cases (>93%), and a low percentage of missidentification occurred under (almost) null dominance (genotype‐related model) or similar and moderate‐to‐low sire‐ and dam‐specific TRD parameters (allele‐related model). Moreover, the correlation between simulated and predicted distortion parameters was high (>0.97) under the true model. The comparison of allele‐ and genotype‐related TRD models is an appealing tool to infer the biological source of TRD (i.e. haploid vs. diploid cells) when screening the whole genome. The analysis of beef cattle data corroborated a TRD region previously reported in chromosome 4, although discarding allele‐related mechanisms and favoring the genotype‐related model as the more reliable one. The results of this study highlight the relevance of implementing and comparing different parametrizations to capture all kinds of TRD, and to compare them using appropriate statistical methods.
Advances and recent developments in asthma in 2020
Authors: Cevhertas Lacin , Ogulur Ismail , Maurer Debbie J. , Burla Daniel , Ding Mei , Jansen Kirstin , Koch Jana , Liu Chengyao , Ma Siyuan , Mitamura Yasutaka , Peng Yaqi , Radzikowska Urszula , Rinaldi Arturo O. , Satitsuksanoa Pattraporn , Globinska Anna , van de Veen Willem , Sokolowska Milena , Baerenfaller Katja , Gao Ya‐dong , Agache Ioana , Akdis Mübeccel , Akdis Cezmi A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this review, we discuss recent publications on asthma and review the studies that have reported on the different aspects of the prevalence, risk factors and prevention, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of asthma. Many risk and protective factors and molecular mechanisms are involved in the development of asthma. Emerging concepts and challenges in implementing the exposome paradigm and its application in allergic diseases and asthma are reviewed, including genetic and epigenetic factors, microbial dysbiosis, and environmental exposure, particularly to indoor and outdoor substances. The most relevant experimental studies further advancing the understanding of molecular and immune mechanisms with potential new targets for the development of therapeutics are discussed. A reliable diagnosis of asthma, disease endotyping, and monitoring its severity are of great importance in the management of asthma. Correct evaluation and management of asthma comorbidity/multimorbidity, including interaction with asthma phenotypes and its value for the precision medicine approach and validation of predictive biomarkers, are further detailed. Novel approaches and strategies in asthma treatment linked to mechanisms and endotypes of asthma, particularly biologicals, are critically appraised. Finally, due to the recent pandemics and its impact on patient management, we discuss the challenges, relationships, and molecular mechanisms between asthma, allergies, SARS‐CoV‐2, and COVID‐19.
A comparison of in vivo viral targeting systems identifies adeno‐associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) as an effective vector for genetic manipulation of Leydig cells in adult mice
Authors: Darbey Annalucia , Rebourcet Diane , Curley Michael , Kilcoyne Karen , Jeffery Nathan , Reed Natalie , Milne Laura , Roesl Cornelia , Brown Pamela , Smith Lee B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundDespite the increasing popularity of deliverable transgenics, a robust and fully validated method for targeting Leydig cells, capable of delivering long‐term transgene expression, is yet to be defined.ObjectivesWe compared three viral vector systems in terms of their cell targeting specificity, longevity of gene expression and impact on targeted cell types when delivered to the interstitial compartment of the mouse testis.Materials & MethodsWe delivered lentiviral, adenoviral and adeno‐associated (AAV) viral particles to the interstitial compartment of adult mouse testis. Immunolocalization and stereology were performed to characterize ability of vectors to target and deliver transgenes to Leydig cells.ResultsViral vectors utilized in this study were found to specifically target Leydig cells when delivered interstitially. Transgene expression in lentiviral‐targeted Leydig cells was detected for 7 days post‐injection before Leydig cells underwent apoptosis. Adenoviral‐delivered transgene expression was detected for 10 days post‐injection with no evidence of targeted cell apoptosis. We found serotype differences in AAV injected testis with AAV serotype 9 targeting a significant proportion of Leydig cells. Targeting efficiency increased to an average of 59.63% (and a maximum of 80%) of Leydig cells with the addition of neuraminidase during injection. In AAV injected testis sections, transgene expression was detectable for up to 50 days post‐injection.Discussion & ConclusionLentivirus, Adenovirus and Adeno‐Associated virus delivery to the testis resulted in key variances in targeting efficiency of Leydig cells and in longevity of transgene expression, but identified AAV9 + Neuraminidase as an efficient vector system for transgene delivery and long‐term expression. Simple viral delivery procedures and the commercial availability of viral vectors suggests AAV9 + Neuraminidase will be of significant utility to researchers investigating the genetics underpinning Leydig cell function and holds promise to inform the development of novel therapeutics for the treatment of male reproductive disorders.
La Envidia: An Illness Manifest at the Level of the Community Body
Authors: Phillips Wendy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn Curanderismo and other traditional medicine systems, illnesses are understood to have somatic and emotional components and symptoms may be elicited by disruptions in interpersonal relationships between community members. An aspect of ritual interventions involves returning interpersonal relationships to balance and restoring harmonious interactions between members of the community. Important are shared understandings of the meaning of the symptoms, the mode of transmission of the illness, and the resolution that occurs through the process of the healer’s ritual interventions. In this essay, I present a narrative description of the illness, La Envidia, which is associated with the expression of the emotion, envy. The narrative was shared with me by a person who is a migrant from an Afromestizo community of the Pacific Coast of Mexico to Atlanta, Georgia. The illness, La Envidia, is discussed and interpreted framed by perspectives including Participation Mystique and blurred psychological boundaries, traditional indigenous conceptualizations of illness, shamanism and symbolization processes, shared meaning, traditional Yoruba informed African conceptualizations of illness and healing practices, and somatic and embodied ritual experiences.