bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of ABO antibody titration, IgG subclasses and qualitative haemolysin test to reduce the risk of passive haemolysis associated with platelet transfusion
Authors: Bastos Eduardo Peres , Castilho Lilian , Bub Carolina Bonet , Kutner Jose Mauro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundOne of the strategies used to reduce the risk of haemolysis due to ABO‐minor incompatible platelet transfusions is to perform a screening test to identify group O donors with high titres of anti‐A and anti‐B. However, critical immunoglobulin M/ immunoglobulin G (IgM/IgG) titres remain unclear.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine IgM titres of anti‐A and anti‐B in individual donor serum vs platelet products plasma and identify a possible association between IgM/IgG titres, haemolysin test and IgG subclasses in Brazilian blood donors from group O.MethodsIgM anti‐A and Anti‐B titration tests were performed on single‐donor serum and platelet product plasma by gel agglutination (GA) at room temperature. For IgG anti‐A and anti‐B titration, serum was first treated with 0.01 M dithiothreitol (DTT), and the test was performed by GA with incubation at 37°C. Dilution of 1:64 as the cut‐off was considered for both IgM/IgG. The qualitative haemolysin test was performed in tube, adding AB fresh serum, with incubation at 37°C. IgG subclasses were determined by GA using specific monoclonal antibodies.ResultsAn association between anti‐A and anti‐B IgM titres and haemolysin were demonstrated (P < .001). IgM titres in plasma samples from platelet components correlated to those in single‐serum samples. IgG1/IgG3 subclasses were associated with total haemolysis and titres above 64, whereas IgG2/IgG4 subclasses were associated with the absence of haemolysis and titres below 64 (P < .001).ConclusionOur data suggest that a value of 64 as a critical titre can be used as a screening test of anti‐A and anti‐B IgM to prevent transfusion reactions. This can be a safe and cost‐effective approach for managing ABO‐incompatible platelet transfusions.
Kathryn Howell (1939‐2020) “The Secretory Pathway was Imprinted in her Heart”
Authors: Bergeron John , Castle J. David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOn April 10, 2020, a treasured cell biologist and ardent champion of the Golgi complex passed away. This has caused deep sadness, and we seek to commemorate her remarkable scientific contributions, her warm and generous personality, and her endearing sense of humor.
Multilingualism and the role of English in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Siemund Peter , Al‐Issa Ahmad , Leimgruber Jakob R. E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe United Arab Emirates (UAE) has witnessed an unprecedented economic and cultural development since its foundation in 1971. Foreign labor and investment play a central role in this development, yielding a sharp imbalance between the Emirati and the foreign population. A population of no less than 85 per cent of highly transient foreigners strongly impacts the local linguistic landscape, with many languages competing in the public sphere. English occupies a special role in this multilingual texture, as it is used as a foreign language, a second language, and a lingua franca. It occurs in its standardized varieties, but also in several non‐standard forms, as foreign labor is recruited from places formerly under British or American influence. Based on a new questionnaire study of 692 university students, we explore the tension between English and Arabic, the prominence of English, the increasing use of English as a home language, and the emergence of a new variety of English: ‘Gulf English’.
Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic in Paris, France: prospective observational study
Authors: Toubiana Julie , Poirault Clément , Corsia Alice , Bajolle Fanny , Fourgeaud Jacques , Angoulvant François , Debray Agathe , Basmaci Romain , Salvador Elodie , Biscardi Sandra , Frange Pierre , Chalumeau Martin , Casanova Jean-Laurent , Cohen Jérémie F , Allali Slimane 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To describe the characteristics of children and adolescents affected by an outbreak of Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome and to evaluate a potential temporal association with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Design
Prospective observational study.

Setting
General paediatric department of a university hospital in Paris, France.

Participants
21 children and adolescents (aged ≤18 years) with features of Kawasaki disease who were admitted to hospital between 27 April and 11 May 2020 and followed up until discharge by 15 May 2020.

Main outcome measures
The primary outcomes were clinical and biological data, imaging and echocardiographic findings, treatment, and outcomes. Nasopharyngeal swabs were prospectively tested for SARS-CoV-2 using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and blood samples were tested for IgG antibodies to the virus.

Results
21 children and adolescents (median age 7.9 (range 3.7-16.6) years) were admitted with features of Kawasaki disease over a 15 day period, with 12 (57%) of African ancestry. 12 (57%) presented with Kawasaki disease shock syndrome and 16 (76%) with myocarditis. 17 (81%) required intensive care support. All 21 patients had noticeable gastrointestinal symptoms during the early stage of illness and high levels of inflammatory markers. 19 (90%) had evidence of recent SARS-CoV-2 infection (positive RT-PCR result in 8/21, positive IgG antibody detection in 19/21). All 21 patients received intravenous immunoglobulin and 10 (48%) also received corticosteroids. The clinical outcome was favourable in all patients. Moderate coronary artery dilations were detected in 5 (24%) of the patients during hospital stay. By 15 May 2020, after 8 (5-17) days of hospital stay, all patients were discharged home.

Conclusions
The ongoing outbreak of Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome among children and adolescents in the Paris area might be related to SARS-CoV-2. In this study an unusually high proportion of the affected children and adolescents had gastrointestinal symptoms, Kawasaki disease shock syndrome, and were of African ancestry.
Diabetic retinopathy screening in persons with mental illness: a literature review
Authors: Bradley Elinor Rhian , Delaffon Vijay 
Published: June 2020

People living with severe mental illness (SMI) have an increased risk of developing diabetes and are less likely to spontaneously report physical health concerns; they may therefore derive greater benefit from attending screening to prevent diabetic retinopathy.We conducted a literature review to consider the uptake of diabetic retinopathy screening (DRS) in people with mental illness.People with a diagnosis of SMI and those with self-reported mental ill-health have reduced attendance at DRS, within the context of poorer compliance with general diabetic care. Anxiety and depression were noted as barriers in attending DRS.People living with SMI require additional support to benefit from preventative health programmes such as DRS. Further research could support a better understanding of barriers to attendance, allowing effective support systems to be developed.
Child modern slavery, trafficking and health: a practical review of factors contributing to children’s vulnerability and the potential impacts of severe exploitation on health
Authors: Wood Laura C N 
Published: June 2020

Child trafficking is a form of modern slavery, a rapidly growing, mutating and multifaceted system of severe human exploitation, violence against children, child abuse and child rights violations. Modern slavery and human trafficking (MSHT) represents a major global public health concern with victims exposed to profound short-term and long-term physical, mental, psychological, developmental and even generational risks to health. Children with increased vulnerability to MSHT, victims (in active exploitation) and survivors (post-MSHT exploitation) are attending healthcare settings, presenting critical windows of opportunity for safeguarding and health intervention.Recognition of child modern slavery victims can be very challenging. Healthcare providers benefit from understanding the diversity of potential physical, mental, behavioural and developmental health presentations, and the complexity of children’s responses to threat, fear, manipulation, deception and abuse.Healthcare professionals are also encouraged to have influence, where possible, beyond the care of individual patients. Research, health insights, advocacy and promotion of MSHT survivor input enhances the collaborative development of evidence-based approaches to prevention, intervention and aftercare of affected children and families.
Efficacy and biomarker analysis of nivolumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancers: results from a phase II study
Authors: Feng Kaichao , Liu Yang , Zhao Yongtian , Yang Qingming , Dong Liang , Liu Jiejie , Li Xiang , Zhao Zhikun , Mei Qian , Han Weidong 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundThe prognosis of patients with unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancer (BTC) is unacceptably low. This study aimed to determine the efficacy, safety and predictive biomarkers of the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab in combination with chemotherapy in advanced BTCs.MethodsIn this open-label, single-arm, phase II trial, a chemotherapy and immunotherapy combination consisting of gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2, cisplatin 75 mg/m2and nivolumab 3 mg/kg was administered every 3 weeks for up to six cycles. Maintenance treatment with gemcitabine plus nivolumab was administered to patients achieving disease control following the combination therapy. The primary outcome was the objective response rate. Secondary outcomes included safety, disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The exploratory objective was to assess biomarkers for predicting clinical response and prognosis.ResultsThirty-two patients with a median age of 60 (range 27–69) years were enrolled. As of September 31, 2019, the median follow-up was 12.8 (95% CI 10.8 to 14.8) months. Twenty-seven response-evaluable patients received a median of 4 (IQR, 3–6) cycles of combination therapy, of whom 15 (55.6%) patients achieved an objective response, including 5 (18.6%) with a complete response (CR), and the DCR was 92.6%. Of the six patients in cohort A who were resistant to gemcitabine-based or cisplatin-based chemotherapy, one achieved CR and one achieved partial response. Thirteen of 21 chemotherapy-naive patients (61.9%) in cohort B achieved an objective response. The median PFS of all patients in cohorts A+B was 6.1 months. The median OS was 8.5 months, with a 33.3% 12-month OS rate. The most frequent grade 3 or higher adverse events were thrombocytopenia (56%) and neutropenia (22%). Fitness might be a biomarker for predicting clinical response. On-therapy changes in serum soluble FasL, MCP-1 and interferon-γ were correlated with prognosis.ConclusionsNivolumab in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin offers promising efficacy and a manageable safety profile for patients with advanced BTCs.Trial registration numberNCT03311789
Systematic investigation of the particle spectra in heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider
Authors: Zheng Hua , Zhu Xiangrong , Zhu Lilin , Bonasera Aldo 
Published: June 2020

We investigate the charged particle spectra produced in the heavy-ion collisions at nine centralities from different systems, i.e. [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] TeV and 5.02 TeV as well as [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] TeV, at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using one empirical formula inspired by the stationary solution of the Fokker-Planck equation, dubbed as the generalized Fokker-Planck solution (GFPS). Our results show that the GFPS can reproduce the experimental particle spectrum up to transverse momentum [Formula: see text] about 45 GeV/c with the maximum discrepancy 30% covering 10 orders of magnitude. The discrepancy between the data and the results from the GFPS decreases to 15% when the maximum of the charged particle transverse momentum is cut to 20 GeV/c. We confirmed that the Tsallis distribution derived from the non-extensive statistics, which can reproduce the particle spectra produced in small collision systems, such as [Formula: see text], up to few hundreds GeV/c, can only apply to systematically study the particle spectra up to 8 GeV/c in [Formula: see text] collisions at LHC, as pointed out in the study of identified particle spectra in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text] TeV. A brief discussion on GFPS is also given.
Integrated high-resolution PSV, RPI and
14
C study of IODP-347 Site M0060 (Anholt Loch, Baltic Sea) for the last
c.
14 ka
Authors: Herrero-Bervera Emilio , Snowball Ian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

We have studied the rock and palaeomagnetic properties and
14
C dating of a
c.
205 m core from Site M0060 (Anholt Loch, BSB1 at Kattegat), recovering clays, (silty) sands and sandy clays. We took 297 8 cc samples at
c.
50 cm intervals down-core.
χ
was measured along with AF demagnetization of the NRM up to 80 mT. ChRM was isolated between 0 and 25 mT. A weak VRM was removed at 5 mT. The intensity shows a positive relationship with
χ
. At Site M0060 the upper lithologic units (i.e. 0–100 mcd) show inclinations that vary within 10° on either side of the GAD prediction (i.e. +72°). Curie points indicate minerals with temperatures of 360–400, 520, 575 and 610°C. We obtained calibrated
14
C determinations for 15 levels, with the oldest age from 78.87 mbsf to
c.
17 940 cal BP. The
J
, inclination,
χ
, ARM, SIRM, SIRM/
χ
and ARM/
χ
palaeomagnetic (i.e. inclination) wave forms results from the top
c.
100 mcd correlate well to the deglacial inclination wave forms master curve for Fennoscandia. The best correlation to this curve shows four oscillations of the inclination record of Site M0060 from 11 to 14 ka BP. Shallow negative inclinations are characteristic of the deeper coarse-grained sediments deposited during the rapid wasting of the Fennoscandian ice-sheet.
Relative stability enhancement for brushed DC motor using a PLL interfaced with LabVIEW
Authors: Mahmoud Mostafa , El-Biomey Ahmed , Ahmed El-sayed Soliman 
Published: June 2020

This work presents a fast response and stable computer based a brushed DC motor speed controller. The controller configured of gate drive circuits for H-Bridge accompanied with data acquisition unit DAQ-6211. These gate drive circuits include, phase comparator, current booster and wave forms cleaning circuits. An optical encoder is used for motor speed to frequency conversion. The CD4046 PLL chip compares phases of the encoder output frequency (motor speed) with a reference frequency (desired speed). The obtained phase difference (error) is used to allocate the suitable PWM duty cycles. An H-Bridge BJT switches driven by PWM is interfaced with the motor. The system hardware is provided with a simple and accurate data acquisition unit DAQ-6211 to be interfaced with the LabVIEW software Package. This allows monitoring and storing the different measured data of this platform. The system relative stability is determined and examined based on the Bode plot analysis and design. Then the relative stability criterion (Phase Margin) is measured the closed-loop stability of the system. This system considers the fast feedback response with indication of its stability state as well as the stable wide dynamic range. It compensates the changes in system parameters due to the environmental effects and other disturbances.
Investigating sine-band hysteresis control of photovoltaic-grid connected inverter
Authors: Krachai M. Della , Melouk K. , Keddar M. 
Published: June 2020

<p>In this paper, an optimization of PV grid connected system is investigated. This is achieved by considering the application of artificial intelligence in the DC side to realize maximal power extraction, and using a sine-band hysteresis control in the AC side of the system, to generate a sine current/voltage suitable for grid connection IEEE929-2000 standards. The overall system has been simulated taking into account environmental effects and standards constraints in order to achieve best performance. The choice of sine band hysteresis control was selected considering its implementation simplicity. The algorithm runs fast on a low-cost microcontroller allowing to avoid any delay that can cause a phase shift in the system. An experimental setup has been realized for tests and validation purposes. Both simulation and experimental results lead to satisfactory results which are conform to the IEEE929-2000 standards.</p>
A new approach to extract reference currents for multilevel shunt active filter in three phase systems
Authors: Yousfi Abdelkader , Allaoui Tayeb , Chaker Abdelkader 
Published: June 2020

<span lang="EN-US">In this article, we present a new study of technique to extract reference currents for three-level shunt active filter controlling by fuzzy logic. The APFs is realized using three phase voltage and the carrier-based PWM strategy. A new technique for identifying reference currents will be developed. It is based on concordia method using multi-variable filter, and makes the total or selective extraction harmonic currents of references, and by consequence making their compensations, total or selective. The results of digital simulation in the Matlab-Simulink environment of a system of power to thyristor outputs on an inductive load show well the effectiveness of this new technique of extraction of the harmonics of reference.</span><p> </p>
Maps Matter. The 10/40 Window and Missionary Geography
Authors: de Korte Hannah , Onnekink David 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The 10/40 Window map is used by evangelical missionary societies to promote mission in Northern Africa, the Middle East and South East Asia. It has been widely popular among Christians worldwide, but has also suffered sustained criticism. The map itself, however, has received no scholarly attention. This article investigates the 10/40 Window map through the lens of the concept of territoriality. Using insights from the field of critical cartography, it argues that the map is pivotal in directing missionary zeal, but that in turn it has also reshaped missionary thinking. This is so because the actual map’s metageographical proportions, its cartographic language and the accompanying rhetoric communicate several novel key propositions about mission. The overall argument of this article is that maps are not innocuous illustrations, but indeed that maps matter a great deal and that missionary geography should be taken seriously.
Perceptions and Barriers to SNAP Utilization Among Asian and Pacific Islanders in Greater Los Angeles
Authors: Louie Naomi T. , Kim Loan Pham , Chan Scott E. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: To examine the perceptions of and barriers to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participation among Asian and Pacific Islander (API) immigrants. Design: Qualitative focus groups were conducted in 4 API communities. Setting and Participants: Participants were recruited from 4 API communities (n = 68; 22 Tongan, 18 Vietnamese, 16 Filipino, and 12 Chinese) through local community-based organizations in Los Angeles and Orange Counties. Method: Trained bilingual and bicultural researchers conducted 8 focus groups in English, Chinese, and Vietnamese. Prior to the start of each focus group, participants completed a demographic questionnaire which included a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Security Module. Analysis: Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and those in the native languages were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts in native languages were reviewed and translated into English. All transcripts were organized in ATLAS ti version 8.0 and analyzed using thematic analysis. The USDA Food Security Module results were scored and assessed for food insecurity. Results: Median age of participants was 58 years and 59.4% (n = 38) were food insecure. Barriers to SNAP participation were identified and organized within the Social Ecological Model by the following themes: (1) unclear program information, (2) application process, (3) shame, and (4) pride. Despite commonalities found across API subgroups, unique challenges with public charge and immigration existed within the subgroups. Conclusion: Culturally relevant in-language SNAP materials and multilevel interventions are needed to mitigate barriers and increase SNAP participation rates among low-income API groups.
Multiple mutations at exon 2 of RHOA detected in plasma from patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Ottolini Barbara , Nawaz Nadia , Trethewey Christopher S. , Mamand Sami , Allchin Rebecca L. , Dillon Richard , Fields Paul A. , Ahearne Matthew J. , Wagner Simon D. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The mutational landscape of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is being revealed through sequencing of lymph node samples, but there has been little work on the mutational load that is present in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from plasma. We report targeted sequencing of cfDNA from PTCL patients to demonstrate c.50G&gt;T (p.Gly17Val) in RHOA as previously described in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and a group of PTCL not otherwise specified (NOS) but also detect novel mutations at c.73A&gt;G (p.Phe25Leu) and c.48A&gt;T (p.Cys16*) of exon 2, which were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. In a group of AITL and PTCL-NOS analyzed by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, 63% (12/19) showed c.50G&gt;T (p.Gly17Val), 53% (10/19) c.73A&gt;G (p.Phe25Leu), and 37% (7/19) c.48A&gt;T (pCys16*). Sequencing of lymph node tissue in 3 out of 9 cases confirmed the presence of c.73A&gt;G (p.Phe25Leu). Inspection of individual sequencing reads from individual patients showed that a single RHOA allele could contain &gt;1 mutation, suggesting haplotypes of mutations at RHOA. Serial sampling showed changes to RHOA mutational frequency with treatment and the apparent occurrence of clones bearing specific haplotypes associated with relapse. Therefore, sequencing of RHOA from cfDNA has revealed new mutations and haplotypes. The clinical significance of these findings will need to be explored in clinical trials, but liquid biopsy might have potential for guiding treatment decisions in PTCL.
Identification of Blast Resistance QTLs Based on Two Advanced Backcross Populations in Rice
Authors: Jiang Haichao , Feng Yutao , Qiu Lei , Gao Guanjun , Zhang Qinglu , He Yuqing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Rice blast is an economically important and mutable disease of rice. Using host resistance gene to breed resistant varieties has been proven to be the most effective and economical method to control rice blast and new resistance genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) are then needed.

Results
In this study, we constructed two advanced backcross population to mapping blast resistance QTLs. CR071 and QingGuAi3 were as the donor parent to establish two BC3F1 and derived BC3F2 backcross population in the Jin23B background. By challenging the two populations with natural infection in 2011 and 2012, 16 and 13 blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi3 population, respectively. Among Jin23B/CR071 population, 3 major and 13 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 3.50% to 34.08% in 2 years. And, among Jin23B/QingGuAi3 population, 2 major and 11 minor QTLs have explained the phenotypic variation from 2.42% to 28.95% in 2 years.

Conclusions
Sixteen and thirteen blast resistance QTLs were identified in Jin23B/CR071 and Jin23B/QingGuAi3 population, respectively. QTL effect analyses suggested that major and minor QTLs interaction is the genetic basis for durable blast resistance in rice variety CR071 and QingGuAi3.