bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) on patients receiving lung resection: a retrospective study of 1,749 cases
Authors: Wang Chunmei , Lai Yutian , Li Pengfei , Su Jianhua , Che Guowei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background The study aimed to evaluate the outcomes following the implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) for patients undergoing lung cancer surgery.Method A retrospective cohort study involving 1,749 patients with lung cancer undergoing pulmonary resection was conducted. The patients were divided into two time period groups for analysis(routine pathway and ERAS pathway). Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the risks of developing postoperative pulmonary complications.Results Among the 1,749 patients, 691 were stratified into the ERAS group, and 1,058 in to the routine group. The ERAS group presented with shorter postoperative in-hospital length of stay (LOS) (4.0 vs 6.0, P<0.001), total LOS (10.0 VS. 13.0 days, P<0.001), and lower total in-hospital costs (P<0.001), including material (P<0.001) and drug expenses (P<0.001). Furthermore, the ERAS group also presented with a lower occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) than the routine group (15.2% vs. 19.5%, P=0.022). Likewise, a significantly lower occurrence of pneumonia (8.4% vs. 14.2%, P<0.001) and atelectasis (5.9% vs. 9.8%, P=0.004) was found in the ERAS group. Regarding the binary logistic regression, the ERAS intervention was the sole independent factor for the occurrence of PPCs (OR: 0.601, 95% CI: 0.434-0.824, P=0.002). In addition, age (OR: 1.032, 95% CI: 1.018-1.046), COPD (OR: 1.792, 95% CI: 1.196-2.686), and FEV1(OR: 0.205, 95% CI: 0.125-0.339) were also independent predictors of PPCs. Conclusion Implementation of an ERAS pathway shows improved postoperative outcomes, including shortened LOS, lower in-hospital costs, and reduced occurrence of PPCs, providing benefits to the postoperative recovery of patients with lung cancer undergoing surgical treatment.
Factors associated with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding for six months among mothers on antiretroviral therapy in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: GOON PROF DANIEL TER , Ajayi Anthony Idowu , ADENIYI OLADELE VINCENT 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Exclusive breast feeding (EBF) is associated with reduction of post-natal HIV transmission and optimal infant growth. Given that the factors influencing EBF are multi-factorial and context-specific, we examined the prevalence and factors associated with EBF practice in the first six months among mothers on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted between January – May 2018 on 469 parturient women enlisted in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission cohort study in the Eastern Cape. EBF was defined as infant feeding with breast milk only. We collected relevant socio-demographic, lifestyle and maternal information by interview. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were fitted to determine the factors associated with EBF practice.Results: EBF for six months was practised by a few women (32.0%). The prevalence of EBF was significantly higher among married women (36.8%), unemployed women (36.6%), non-smokers (32.7%) and those who never drank alcohol (37.0%). Unemployed women (AOR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.08-2.56) and those with grade 12 or less level of education (AOR =2.76, 95% CI: 1.02-7.49) had a higher likelihood of practising EBF for six months while mothers who consumed alcohol (AOR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.85) were less likely to practice EBF for six months. Conclusions: Sub-optimal rate of EBF in this study is comparable with the national (31.6%), sub-Saharan Africa (36%) and WHO global (35%) rates. Advocacy campaign on EBF must target alcohol cessation and the creation of a favourable workplace environment for lactating mothers.
Psychometric Properties of Persian Version of Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQP-28): Evidence from Iranian Non-clinical Sample
Authors: Ashouri Ahmad , Asgharzade Ali , Ebrahimi Ali , Ghojazadeh Morteza , Akbarzadeh Abolfazl 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Recent evidence suggests that the autism spectrum is widespread among the general population. research has dimensionally moved towards the development of measurement tools with the introduction of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Methods: The short-form of the autistic spectrum quotient questionnaire (AQ-28) developed by Hoekstra et al is a valuable and friendly alternative to the full 50-item version of autism spectrum disorder (AQ-50) consider as a widely used tool for screening and epidemiological studies of autistic traits. The present study aimed at investigating the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the short-form of the autistic spectrum quotient questionnaire (AQP-28) in the Iranian population. A total of 560 individuals participated in this study and they were asked to fill out The Persian version of the autistic spectrum quotient questionnaire (AQ-28). Results: confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported two higher-order factors models including ‘social behavior’ and numbers/patterns. Furthermore internal consistency of AQ-28-Persian indicate acceptable for social behavioral (α= .78), questionable for numbers/patterns (α= .65) and total (α= .62). Conclusions: in summary, the AQ-28-Persian is a useful tool to assess social behavior parts of the autistic spectrum quotient.
Whole-genome Resequencing Provides Insights into the Population Structure and Domestication Signatures of Ducks in Eastern China
Authors: Feng Peishi , Zeng Tao , Hua Yang , Chen Guohong , Du Jinping , Chen Li , Shen Junda , Tao Zhongrong , Wang Ping , Yang Lin , Lu Lizhi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Ducks are an ancient domesticated animal with high economic value, uesd for its meat, eggs, and feathers. However, the origin of indigenous Chines ducks remains elusive. To address this question, we performed whole-genome resequencing to explore the genetic relationships among the domestic ducks and wild ducks in eastern China and to identify the genomic differences shaped by artificial selections. Results: The whole genomes of 60 ducks from eastern China were sequenced, with an average effective sequencing depth of ~6× per individual. The results of population and demographic analysis indicate that all individuals from the same breed gather together, and domestic ducks form a cluster separating from wild ducks. By applying selective sweep analysis, we identified that several candidate genes, important pathways and GO categories associated with artificial selection were functionally related to cellular adhesion, type 2 diabetes, lipid metabolism, the cell cycle, liver cell proliferation, and muscle functioning in domestic ducks.Conclusion: Genetic structure analysis showed that the domesticated ducks were not direct descendants of the mallard or Spot-billed duck and probably originated from an unknown population. During the long history of artificial selection, domesticated ducks have developed a complex biological adaptation to captivity.
Identification of a Gene Set Correlated with Immune Status in Ovarian Cancer by Transcriptome-Wide Data Mining
Authors: Fan Lili , Lei Han , Lin Ying , Zhang Tianxiang , Zhou Zhengwei , Shu Guang , Yan Zhipeng , Chen Haotian , Yin Gang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint blocking (ICB) immunotherapy has achieved great success in the treatment of various malignancies. Although not have been approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer (OC), it has been actively tested for the treatment of OC. Response to immunotherapy closely relies on the immune profile of tumors. However, biomarkers that could indicate the immune status of OC and predict the response to ICB are rare.Method: We downloaded RNAseq and clinical data of ovarian cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Up-regulated differentially expressed genes (Up-DEGs) were identified by analyzing the gene expression levels using the “limma, version=3.8” package in R software. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed in the “GSVA” and “limma” package in R software. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and investigation of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were performed to clarify the function of Up-DEGs in both TMBhigh group and immunityhigh group. The correlation of genes with overall survival was also analyzed by conducted Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Finally, TIMER and TIDE were used to predict gene immune function and its association with immunotherapy.Results: Data analysis revealed both TMBhigh and immunityhigh were significantly related to better survival of OC. Four genes, CXCL13, FCRLA, MS4A1, and PLA2G2D were found positively correlated with better prognosis of OC and mainly involved in immune response-related pathways. We also found that these four genes were positively correlated with better response to immune checkpoint blockade-based immunotherapy according to available data of a melanoma cohort.Conclusion: CXCL13, FCRLA, MS4A1, and PLA2G2D may be used as potential therapeutic biomarkers for reflecting OC immune status and predicting response to immunotherapy.
Social Justice in Health System; a Neglected Component of Academic Nursing Education: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Habibzadeh Hosein , Jasemi Madineh , Hosseinzadegan Fariba 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent decades, increasing social and health inequalities all over the world has highlighted the importance of social justice as a core nursing value. Therefore, proper education of nursing students is necessary for preparing them to comply with social justice in health systems. This study is aimed to identify the effective factors in teaching the concept of social justice in the nursing curriculum.Method: This is a qualitative study, in which the conventional content analysis approach was employed to analyze a sample of 13 participants selected using purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect and analyze the data.Results: Analysis of the interviews indicated that insufficient education content, incompetency of educators, and inappropriate education approaches made social justice a neglected component in the academic nursing education. These factors were the main themes of the study and showed the negligence of social justice in academic nursing education.Conclusion: Research findings revealed the weaknesses in teaching the concept of social justice in the nursing education. Accordingly, it is necessary to modify the content of nursing curriculum and education approaches in order to convey this core value. Since nursing educators act as role models for students, especially in practical and ethical areas, more attention should be paid to competency of nursing educators.
Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Synthetic Cannabinoids: A retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hakimian David , Benson Ariel , Khoury Tawfik , Masarawa muhaamad , Israel Sara , Salameh Shaden , Gershinsky Yoni , Muszkat Mordechai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are chemical substances similar to tetrahydrocannabinol that are used as illicit drugs and often smoked as recreational herbal mixtures. The usage of SCs is rapidly increasing worldwide. The adverse effects of SCs are wide ranging, and span from mild behavioral changes to death. The knowledge regarding gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of SCs use is sparse. Methods: Medical records of patients with presentations to the hospital due to SCs use between January 2014 and February 2018 were retrieved from Hadassah Mount Scopus Hospital’s computerized database. The records were reviewed for clinical outcomes and laboratory tests. Results: Fifty-five patients were identified with hospital presentations due to SCs use. Twenty-one out of 55 patients (38%) reported GI complaints, with the most common being abdominal pain and vomiting. 28% had recurrent emergency department presentations due to abdominal pain and 66% presented with leukocytosis. Serum lactate was elevated in 66% of patients with GI manifestations. One patient had an abnormal computerized tomography (CT) abdominal angiography scan, which was compatible with intestinal ischemia. Discussion and conclusions: The clinical spectrum of GI manifestations in SCs intoxication ranges from mild symptoms including abdominal pain and vomiting to intestinal ischemia. Clinicians should be aware that abdominal pain and other GI complaints can be associated with SCs usage.
Non-pharmacological Interventions a Feasible Option for Addressing Dementia-related Sleep Problems in the Context of Family Care
Authors: Gibson Rosemary , Dowell Anthony , Jones Linda , Gander Philippa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Sleep disturbances are challenging symptoms associated with mild cognitive impairment or dementia (MCIoD). This study assessed the feasibility of sleep monitoring and non-pharmacological interventions to improve the sleep of New Zealanders with MCIoD and their family carers. Methods: A five-week multi-modal intervention consisting of timed bright light therapy, physical activity, and sleep education was piloted. Sleep was monitored for a week at baseline and conclusion of the trial using actigraphy, diaries, and questionnaires alongside additional health and wellbeing information concerning both care recipients and carers. Results: Fifteen pairs participated, 9 completed the trial. Patterns of attrition and participant feedback are discussed. Case studies showed that six of the care recipients had minor improvements to sleep efficiency. Some also had improved subjective sleep ratings and quality of life. Changes did not clearly translate to family carers. However, five of them also showed some improvements in sleep status and mental health. Health deterioration of care recipients may mask the effects of the intervention. Conclusions: It is feasible to use non-pharmacological sleep interventions for people with MCIoD and their family carers. Given the limited treatment options, further consideration of such interventions in future research and clinical practice is warranted. Trial registration: As this study was to assess the feasibility of proposed methods, it was an observational study without case-control groups and therefore did not require registration. A future full version of the trial would be registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trails Registry.
Leveraging hybrid biomarkers in clinical endpoint prediction
Authors: Saad Maliazurina , Lee Ik Hyun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Clinical endpoint prediction remains challenging for health providers. Although predictors such as age, gender, and disease staging are of considerable predictive value, the accuracy often ranges between 60% and 80%. An accurate prognosis assessment is required for making effective clinical decisions.Methods: We proposed an extended prognostic model based on clinical covariates with adjustment for additional variables that were radio-graphically induced, termed imaging biomarkers. Eight imaging biomarkers were introduced and investigated in a cohort of 68 non-small cell lung cancer subjects with tumor internal characteristic. The subjects comprised of 40 males and 28 females with mean age at 68.7 years. The imaging biomarkers used to quantify the solid component and non-solid component of a tumor. The extended model comprises of additional frameworks that correlate these markers to the survival ends through uni- and multi-variable analysis to determine the most informative predictors, before combining them with existing clinical predictors. Performance was compared between traditional and extended approaches using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, Area under the ROC curves (AUC), Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves, Cox Proportional Hazard, and log-rank tests (p-value). Results: The proposed hybrid model exhibited an impressive boosting pattern over the traditional approach of prognostic modelling in the survival prediction (AUC ranging from 77– 97%). Four developed imaging markers were found to be significant in distinguishing between subjects having more and less dense components: (P=0.002-0.006). The correlation to survival analysis revealed that patients with denser composition of tumor (solid dominant) lived 1.6–2.2 years longer (mean survival) and 0.5–2.0 years longer (median survival), than those with less dense composition (non-solid dominant). Conclusion: The present study provides crucial evidence that there is an added value for incorporating additional image-based predictors while predicting clinical endpoints. Though the hypotheses were confirmed in a customized case study, we believe the proposed model is easily adapted to various clinical cases, such as predictions of complications, treatment response, and disease evolution.
Population-Based Screening and Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in a Resource-Limited Population of Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Lee Yang Jae , Ssekalo Ibrahim , Kazungu Rauben , Blackwell Timothy S. , Muwereza Peter , Wu Yuefeng , Saenz Jose Bernardo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a common cause of chronic dyspepsia worldwide. Its prevalence in the developing world remains understudied, however. Given that H. pylori is the most significant risk factor for developing gastric cancer, an accurate assessment of the effectiveness of population-based screening and eradication of H. pylori is warranted. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of H. pylori, to identify risk factors associated with H. pylori colonization, and to assess the efficacy of triple therapy on H. pylori eradication within a region of sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: We administered a dyspepsia questionnaire to 376 randomly selected adult residents of the Namutumba District in Uganda. Participants submitted a stool sample for H. pylori fecal antigen testing. H. pylori-positive participants were given standard triple therapy. The efficacy of triple therapy on H. pylori eradication was established by fecal H. pylori antigen testing and improvement in dyspepsia scores after treatment. Dyspeptic, H. pylori-negative participants were administered daily omeprazole for one month. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with H. pylori positivity, chronic dyspepsia, and H. pylori eradication failure.Results: The prevalence of H. pylori within the study population was 48%. A higher level of education was significantly associated with H. pylori positivity. 87% of study participants reported at least one symptom of dyspepsia, with 43% reporting moderate or severe dyspepsia. Dyspepsia severity was independent of H. pylori status. Standard triple therapy resulted in ~90% eradication. Missing four or more doses of the triple therapy regimen was significantly associated with H. pylori eradication failure.Conclusions: Chronic dyspepsia is a common complaint in this sub-Saharan population but is not by itself a defining feature of H. pylori positivity. Clinical suspicion for H. pylori within this population should nonetheless remain high, given the high prevalence of positivity among all those with dyspepsia, including many with relatively mild dyspeptic symptoms. Population-based screening and adherence to standard triple therapy are effective at eradicating H. pylori within this region. Trial Registration: This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (TRN: NCT04525664, registered 24 August 2020 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04525664). This study adheres to CONSORT guidelines.
Modulation of visceral sensitivity by faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT): the active role of gut microbiota in the persistence of abdominal pain
Authors: Lucarini Elena , Pilato Vincenzo Di , Parisio Carmen , Micheli Laura , Toti Alessandra , Pacini Alessandra , Bartolucci Gianluca , Baldi Simone , Niccolai Elena , Amedei Amedeo , Rossolini Gian M. , Nicoletti Claudio , Cryan John F. , O'Mahony Siobhain M. , Ghelardini Carla , Mannelli Lorenzo Di Cesare 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background. Recent findings linked gastrointestinal disorders characterized by abdominal pain to gut microbiota composition. The present work aimed to evaluate the power of gut microbiota as a visceral pain modulator and, consequently, the relevance of its manipulation as a therapeutic option in reversing the persistence of visceral hypersensitivity consequent to colitis induced by the intra-rectal injection of 2,4-dinitrobezenesulfonic acid (DNBS) in rats. Results: The effect of faecal microbiota transfer (FMT) from viscerally hypersensitive DNBS and naïve donors was evaluated in control rats after an antibiotic-mediated microbiota depletion. FMT from DNBS donors induced a long-lasting visceral hypersensitivity in control rats. Pain threshold trend correlated with major modifications in the composition and structure of the gut microbiota at phylum (Proteobacteria and Firmicutes to Bacteroides ratio) and family levels (Enterobacteriaceae, Akkermansiaceae and Lachnospiraceae). Acetic acid was significantly increased in the recipients FMT from DNBS donors. Gut cytokine profile, as well as tryptophan metabolism were similarly altered after FMT from both DNBS and naïve donors. By contrast, no significant alterations of colon histology, permeability and monoamines levels were detected. Finally, following FMT from healthy donors to DNBS-treated animals, a counteraction of persistent visceral pain was achieved. Conclusions: The present results provide novel insights into the relationship between intestinal microbiota and visceral hypersensitivity, highlighting the therapeutic potential of microbiota modulation on persistent abdominal pain.
Validation of the Nanostring of the Banff Human Organ Transplant Gene Panel in Archival Data from Human Kidney Transplants and its Modelling Complexity
Authors: Smith Rex 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
RNA gene expression of renal transplantation biopsies is commonly used to identify rejection. Mostly done with microarrays, seminal findings describe and define the patterns of genes associated with types of rejection and non-rejection kidney allograft diagnoses. To make gene expression more accessible for pathology laboratories, the Molecular Diagnostics Working Group of the Banff Foundation for Allograft Pathology and NanoString Technologies partnered to create the Banff Human Organ Transplant Panel (BHOT), a gene panel set of 770 genes as a substitute for microarrays (~ 50,000 genes). The advantage of this platform is that gene expressions are quantifiable on formalin fixed and paraffin embedded archival tissue samples. This new technology, thus, makes gene expressions cheaper and accessible to more laboratories and investigators. The purpose of this report is to validate the BHOT panel as a surrogate for microarrays and test the accuracy of the modelled BHOT data.
Results
This limited NanoString gene set readily identifies renal rejection and non-rejection diagnostic patterns using in silico statistical analyses of seminal archival databases derived from renal transplant RNA expression arrays. Multiple modelling algorithms show a highly variable pattern within the error matrices per sample. The discrepancies within the error matrices are most likely related to the gene expression heterogeneity of samples within a given pathological diagnosis. This was confirmed by clustering the data into 8 groups, which modelled with fewer misclassifications.
Conclusion
This report validates gene expression of human renal allografts using the Banff Human Organ Transplant Panel as a surrogate for microarrays and confirms the its modelling complexity.