bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of palm kernel shell ash as stabilization materials for clay to settlement consolidation
Authors: Mariina  , Fahriani F , Apriyanti Y 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Consolidation is a change in soil volume at the time of loading due to pore pressure dissipation. The consolidation parameter is a parameter that determines the consolidation process and magnitude of the settlement consolidation in soil. The process of consolidation in clay takes a long time and the settlement consolidation that occurs is relatively large, so it is necessary to improve soil stability on clay. Palm kernel shell ash is used in this research to enhance clay stability. Clay was mixed with palm kernel shell ash with varying levels of 5%, 10%, and 15% of the soil the dry weight. The Consolidation test was carried out on a mixture of clay and palm kernel shell ash to obtain consolidation parameters like the values of consolidation coefficient (Cv), compression index (Cc), and settlement of consolidation (Sc). The results of this research showed that the consolidation coefficient value increased with increasing levels of palm kernel shell ash. The Compression index and settlement of consolidation decreases with increasing levels of palm kernel shell ash. Base on the research, it can be concluded that the addition of palm shell ash to clay can accelerate the process of consolidation and reduce the value of settlement of consolidation.
Reliability analysis of the Kolong Kebintik as water resources for special economic zone in Tanjung Gunung, Pangkalan Baru District, Central Bangka Regency
Authors: Sabri F , Adriyansyah  
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Tanjung Gunung, Pangkalan Baru District, Central Bangka Regency is an area that is included in the Special Economic Zone. The Development of this area will have an impact on the increasing demand for water that must be provided by the management. The water resources will be supplied from Kolong Kebintik. Other than supply to the Special Economic Zone, it is also planned to supply water in Pangkalan Baru District. The water demand for Special Economic Zone is 43 l/s and water demand for the Pangkalan Baru Disctric is 48.11 l/s. So the total domestic demand is 91.11 l/s. To guarantee water in Kolong Kebintik is still available to needs of the Special Economic Zone and Pangkalan Baru District, it is necessary to analyze the reliability using standard operating rule. If want to get 100% reliability of Kolong Kebintik, then use only 22.8 l/s of the total demand 43 l/s or only 53% of the needs of the Special Economic Zone.
Important value aspect of mangrove community at coastal area of Pangkalpinang City, Bangka Island
Authors: Akhrianti I , Gustomi A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Mangrove is a one of high - level plants becouse it has structure roots, branches and leafes. Mangrove commonly was found in the delta or brakishwater, but has ecological benefit as well as economic value. Mangrove found in the intertidal zone and high tide level. This research was aimed to analysis important value aspect of species mangroves at coastal area of Pangkalpinang City. This study uses a purposive sampling method. Data was collected using the line and plot transect method (LTP) and hemisphere photography agreed upon for mangrove monitoring in the COREMAP-CTI. The results showed that Mangrove composition found in 5 stations as many as 22 species mangroves which were classified into 10 family Rhizophoraceae, Sonneratiaceae, Avicenniaceae, Meliaceae, Combretaceae, Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Myrcinaceae, Arecaceae, Malvaceae, Pteridaceae. The type of vegetation that has the highest INP value at the capling level is Rhizophora apiculata BI. of 266.65%, and The type of vegetation that has the highest INP value at the sapling level is Rhizophora apiculata BI. of 202.85%. Dominance species found in 5 station is Rhizophora apiculata BI and Sonneratia alba.
Green mining: technical study of off-shore tin mining using cutter suction dredger in Bangka Island, Indonesia
Authors: Virgiawan M R , Pitulima J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
According to government regulations regarding good mining practice, PT Timah Tbk and its partners have begun to develop offshore mining techniques using Cutter Suction Dredger (CSD). Therefore there is a need for a technical study of the application of CSD in offshore tin mining. The method used in this research is to observe field activities directly. Observation of mining data of mining design, dredging system and mapping of bathymetri. The process flow, production and tin ore recovery of mineral processing. Observation of the tailings disposal considers the minimal impact on the environment. The result is mining design using CSD applies a long face system with a combination of vertical digging. The opening angle of the two anchors amounting to 90-145° produces width snee of 40-55 m. This method is capable of producing an average rate of soil removal of 250 m3/hour. The floating mineral processing plant uses a three-stage jigging method with Circullar and Pan American types plus a shaking table resulting a washing tin recovery of 66%-90%. Considering bathimetry, the geotube embankment technique can control the spread of tailings. The conclusion is that the mining process using CSD is one step better in terms of implementing good mining practice.
Effect of electrode numbers in electrocoagulation of Batik Cual wastewater: analysis on water quality and energy used
Authors: Gusa R F , Sari D N , Afriani F , Sunanda W , Tiandho Y 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Batik cual is one of the leading textile products in the Bangka Belitung Islands. In their production processes resulted dye pollutan in wastewater. Most batik cual industries use synthetic dyes such as remazol brilliant blue royal which can damage the environment if discharge without further treatment. Electrocoagulation is a method that can be used as a first step in processing batik cual wastewater. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between the number of aluminium electrodes used in the electrocoagulation process and the quality of the water produced and the energy used. Wastewater quality parameters observed included pH level, number of dissolved particles, conductivity level and turbidity. Through this comparison, it can be obtained information related to the key parameters of electrocoagulation to increase its efficiency. The optimum result obtained when using six electrodes in the electrocoagulation process.
Resource Recovery Potential of Wastewater Treatment Plants in Yogyakarta
Authors: Marleni N N N , Putri K N R , Istiqomah N A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Wastewater contains water, nutrients, and energy resources, which can be recovered for human activities. Product from wastewater is one of the solutions to provide energy and food security amidst the looming energy and fertilizer crisis. Unfortunately, wastewater treatment plants in developing countries are often designed not to accommodate the concept of resource recovery. Currently, there is a real lack of feasibility analysis of upgrading existing wastewater treatment plants to accommodate the concept of resource recovery. Therefore, this study aims to determine the resource recovery potential in existing wastewater treatment plants in Yogyakarta and identify their limitations for resource recovery. Two wastewater treatment plants in Yogyakarta were assessed, one with anaerobic treatment, the other with stabilization ponds. The feasibility is assessed by the parameter of wastewater flow, organics, nutrients, and microbiology compounds. The findings of this study will be beneficial for a regional management standpoint to consider the most suitable strategy for wastewater management in Yogyakarta.
The contribution of Business Environment Factor in Forming the Entrepreneurial Characteristics of White Pepper Smallholders
Authors: Astuti R P , Bahtera N I , Atmaja E J J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, entrepreneurship is required by white pepper smallholders to face the challenge of the change in the business environment. The study on the entrepreneurial characteristics also contributes to equipping the appropriate training program related to the psychological characteristics of smallholders. Its study has not massively being done by scholars. The study aims to identify the entrepreneurial characteristics of white pepper smallholders in Bangka Belitung Islands Province that can be formed by the influence of the business environment. The questionnaire was used as the data collection technique. Simple random sampling was employed as the sampling method. 90 white pepper smallholders were the total of respondents. Structural equation modelling analysis using smart partial least squares was applied to analyse the data. The study revealed that there was a significant factor in the business environment in shaping the entrepreneurial characteristics of white pepper smallholders. The input availability became the main factor of the business environment in affecting the entrepreneurial characteristics. It concluded that the factor of the environment contributed to form the entrepreneurial characteristics of white pepper smallholders. It suggested that the policymaker should concern about creating the proper business environment in developing the entrepreneurial characteristics of white pepper smallholders so that the number of smallholder agribusiness entrepreneurship in the province can be exponentially raised.
Measurement of sustainable development in Bangka Belitung Islands Province
Authors: Putri A K , Wulandari A , Akbar M F 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the authors present a review about sustainable development in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province in 2016-2018. In sustainable development research is described as a balance of economic, social, and environmental development. The data used is the Times Series data from year 2009 to year 2018 in Bangka Belitung province which is in the form of GDRP for constant price of 2010, Human Development Index, and environmental quality index. The results of the research showed that the development of several indicators of development has not been the construction of economic, social, and environmental development in Bangka Belitung Islands province. More development shows improvements from the economic side, while that for the social side has already shown a good figure. What needs to be a concern is the quality of the environment in the Bangka Belitung Islands province that shows that sustainable development in this province indicates the presence of pressure on the environment.
Analysis of environmental resilience index due to realization of village funds in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province
Authors: Rosalina E , Sucipto  
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The government has provided funds to villages. Use of that fund to develop villages status from underdeveloped become independent villages. This goal is in the strategic plan of the Republic of Indonesia from 2015-2019. Improved village status can be seen from the village index builds (IDM). IDM consists of social (IKS), economic (IKE), environmental (IKL). The IKL index is very important but is not a priority in village development. The aims of the research is to examine how much the use of village funds in the index of environmental resilience in five villages. The research in West Bangka with the status of developing villages. This research uses a mixed method. By distributing questionnaires to the community and interviews with village officials. They are some results of this study. First, from interviu the result that village do not allocated fun for improve environmental resilience. Second, the village is indeed not to divide village funds to overcome the potential/prone to natural disasters. Village officials realize that each village has the potential for natural disasters. The condition of the villages that are close to the coast. They hope next year, the government has a regulation. The questionnaire obtained from the results showed that the use of village funds for infrastructure. The use of village funds for infrastrure are bridges, irrigation, embung, and drainage. From the calculation of the scale of receiving benefits from water, soil, air pollution, landslides, and overcoming drought are above 30 percent. This implies that the community has benefited from village funds for environmental resilience.
Digital transformation to improve quality, efficiency and safety in construction of roads incorporating recycled materials
Authors: Widyatmoko I 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Raw materials and supplies have been subjected to much increased pressure due to the recent boom in infrastructure construction. These activities have caused more severe environmental damage. The construction and demolition of infrastructure assets accounts for around 30 per cent of global material consumption and waste generation. There are many benefits associated with recycling end of life materials and waste from these construction works. Recycling reduces disposal costs and carbon emissions. It also helps complying with environmental legislation and restrictions on what can be sent to landfill. It is expected that reliable recycling methods in the future should make efficient use of comprehensive catalogue and databases of materials currently used in construction. Greater challenges when dealing with end of life infrastructure assets are often associated with the lack of, or incomplete, records about the materials used in the assets, such as since the design and construction phases, and throughout their serviceable lives. The increasing use of Big Data, smart sensors and automation open ways to build banks of material database into BIM (building information modelling) and other similar methods. This will provide detailed records of existing materials and their in-service history ahead of any future recycling, thus better informed during the design stage, and helps improving the effectiveness and quality of recycled products. Furthermore, road construction industry has been adopting the latest advancement in digitalization of pavement assessment technology. This new approach was aimed at obtaining substantial improvement in the productivity levels, quality and safety of the construction industry and minimizing impact on the environment. A new concept called “Construction 4.0” was subsequently introduced to implement this approach. This concept is often associated with key components such as smart automation, predictive intelligent, real-time data exchange, 4D/5D executions and immediate field-to-office stakeholder communication. These components are currently at early stages however, it has been evidenced that some of these components are being realized. This paper discusses the opportunity and potential benefits associated with the digital transformation in construction industry, specifically as means to promote quality, efficiency and safety in future recycling.
Study on simultaneous degradation of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater from sludge dewatering removal by mixing sodium and lanthanum modified zeolite
Authors: Zhang Chunyu , Zhou Bingling , Li Zaiguo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper studied the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater from sludge dewatering by sodium and lanthanum modified zeolite. Under the condition of initial concentration of 50mg/L, the dosage of 7.5g/L and reaction time of 3h, the removal rate of ammonium reached 92% by sodium zeolite; while the removal rate of phosphate reached 99% by lanthanum zeolite under the condition of initial concentration of phosphorus 60mg/L, the dosage of 10g/L and reaction time of 12h. Two kinds of modified zeolite were mixed to synchronously remove nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater from sludge dewatering. The results showed that the removal of phosphate by lanthanum zeolite was motion influenced by the concentration of ammonium in the solution, and the existence of lanthanum zeolite was useful to promote the removal of ammonium. Otherwise, sodium zeolite did not have the ability to adsorb phosphate, and the capacity of ammonium adsorption decreased with the increase of phosphate concentration in the solution. When the mass mixing ratio of sodium zeolite and lanthanum zeolite was 4:6, the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus reached 89.6% and 97.5% respectively.
Research on Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei ecological and environmental protection cooperative development
Authors: Nie Xiaoqin , Shu Tianchu , Guo Hanwen , Bai Binjie , Li Xu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
China’s rapidly growing urbanization has brought upon setbacks such as resource depletion and environmental pollution. As an important representative of China’s economic development and urban agglomeration, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration’s (BTHUA) coordinated development of eco-environmental protection is still in a lagging state, and the restoration process of eco-environmental governance is relatively slow. Based on the analysis of relevant national demographic data, this study evaluates the current status of the BTHUA’s eco-environmental protection program and the main issues it faces with respect to economic development status, pollutant discharge characteristics, related resources distribution characteristics, and technology resources sharing mechanisms. The results show that the current pollutant emissions and the distribution of scientific and technological resources in the BTHUA are both in an unbalanced state, together with the shortage of sharing mechanisms, resulting in a lower efficiency in the coordinated development of the ecological environment protection in BTHUA. Simultaneously, based on the front-end scientific research results, the corresponding countermeasures and scientific suggestions are put forward for the main bottleneck problems, to provide certain theoretical support for the coordinated development of ecological and environmental protection.
Multiple perspectives on eco-compensation of ecological migrants in the Three Rivers Headwaters Region, China
Authors: Wei Xiaoyan , Yang Xixia , Mao Xufeng , Wei Xijie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to determine the reasonable compensation standards for ecological immigrants in the Three Rivers Headwaters region, four calculation methods were proposed according to different conditions. Results show that the minimum compensation standard for herdsmen was recommended from the current 10,000 yuan/year to 25,000 yuan/year. The highest compensation standard is proposed to, with the consideration of the quality and area of grassland, be increased by 2.5-5.0 times compared to the current compensation standard. It is expected that the current study may provide a novel perspective and reference for the compensation standards for ecological immigrants for nature reserves.
Study on adsorption of lead and cadmium by non-burning ceramic granules from waterworks residual sludge
Authors: Tang Haiyun , Zhao Yuanyuan , Li Yaoyu , Liu Danni , Chen Yuehui , Xu Youze 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this experiment, the unburned ceramiste water treatment residuals (UCWTR) was prepared by the burning-free method to study its adsorption performance on Pb and Cd. Adsorption experiments show that the quality of ceramsite improved with the height of the filler layer in the reaction column, and its penetration and depletion time are prolonged. On the contrary, the driving force of mass transfer increases with the initial concentration of water in the reaction column, and the penetration and exhaustion time is shortened. The dynamic adsorption process of Pb and Cd by UCWTR is more consistent with the Thomas model and Yoon-Nelson model, and the correlation coefficient R2 is greater than 0.9. Under the condition that the initial flow rate v is 10 mL/min, the height of the packing layer h is 10 cm, and the initial concentration C0 is 150 mg/g, the fitted dynamic saturated adsorption capacities of UCWTR for lead and cadmium are 9.22 mg/g, 11.52 mg/g, the static adsorption capacity of lead and cadmium are 1.48 times and 155 times respectively. kT decreases as the height of the filler layer and the initial concentration increase; kYN decreases as the height of the filler layer increases, and increases as the initial concentration increases; the time t required to penetrate 50% of the adsorbent increases with the height of the filler layer and decreases with the increase of the initial concentration, which indicated that the solution did not reach full contact with UCWTR during the dynamic adsorption process.
Design of clean energy dispatching system for wind and solar storage
Authors: Song Jinghui , Su Leitao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to optimize the capacity dispatch of energy storage system in grid-connected wind-solar hybrid power generation system, a method for optimizing the capacity of hybrid energy storage system composed of supercapacitors and batteries in grid-connected wind-solar hybrid power generation system is proposed by utilizing the generation data of wind power and photovoltaic and the dispatch data of power grid. Based on the method of Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO), it was simulated that wind-solar hybrid power joined into the dispatch according to the rules of dispatch system. The best power dispatch was achieved by multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MPSO). The results show that the accuracy of capacity optimization of energy storage system can be improved by considering both the total continuous power loss and the instantaneous power loss. The hybrid energy storage system composed of supercapacitors and batteries can improve the overall security and economy of the power grid.
Pitting corrosion of chloride ions in electrocoagulation for Cr(VI) removal: optimization by response surface methodology
Authors: Luo Yuanling , Zhang Ruiqi , Zhan Qi , Liao Xiaoxi , Hu Zhenxin , Zhao Peiling , Xu Haiyin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This work observed an interesting phenomenon of pitting corrosion by chloride ions (Cl−) in electrocoagulation (EC) for Cr(VI) removal. High Cr(VI) removal capacity was achieved by initiating pitting corrosion on iron surface with Cl− over 50 mg L−1, as showed by environmental scanning electron microscope analysis (ESEM). Then response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the Cr(VI) removal in the case of Cl−. RSM suggested that the optimal operation conditions were initial pH at 5.24, applied currents at 0.914 A and Cl− concentration at 54.37 mg L−1. The verification test showed 99.98 % of Cr(VI) removal efficiency under the above optimal condition. Our study indicated that Cl− can act as an enhancement factor by pitting corrosion in EC for Cr(VI) removal.
Numerical simulation of the environmental impact of oil spill in the Liuheng Island of Zhoushan City
Authors: Huang Yi , He Yufeng , Tang Ming , Min Xiangqiang , Sheng Yehua , Chen Peng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
At present, numerical models of 2D tidal current and oil spill have been widely used in simulating the diffusion and spread of spilled oil. Thus, this paper adopts the MIKE21_FM hydrodynamic model, and establishes a 2D tidal current dynamic model based on unstructured meshes in the Liuheng Island of Zhoushan city. After verification by the measured data, it can be found that this model can reflect the hydrodynamic characteristics perfectly, and provide sufficient hydrodynamic conditions for the simulation of oil spill. Based on that, the MIKE21/3 OS model is applied for predicting the risk of oil spill. Accordingly, 8 working conditions are simulated to track the spread and sweeping area of spilled oil. The results show that both oil spill time, tidal current and wind direction can affect oil diffusion, while wind direction is the most dominant factor. Moreover, the sweeping area increases gradually with time, and the maximum area reaches 2018.95 km2 after 72 hours at ebb tide under the wind direction of WNW.