bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spleen and thymus metabolomics strategy to explore the immunoregulatory mechanism of total withanolides from the leaves of Datura metel L. on imiquimod‐induced psoriatic skin dermatitis in mice
Authors: Cheng Yangang , Liu Yan , Tan Jinyan , Sun Yanping , Guan Wei , Liu Yuan , Yang Bingyou , Kuang Haixue 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOur previous work demonstrated that total withanolides of Datura metel L. leaves (TWD) exhibited excellent therapeutic effects on psoriasis. However, current knowledge of its mechanisms is incomplete. In this study, integrated spleen and thymus untargeted metabolomics were used to analyze the changes in endogenous metabolites underlying the immunosuppressive activity of TWD on psoriasis animal models induced by imiquimod. The results suggested that TWD treatment markedly attenuated imiquimod‐induced psoriasis and showed significant immunosuppressive activity as evidenced by decreased elevation index of spleen and thymus. Meanwhile, TWD significantly reversed the elevation of immunoregulatory factors, including IL‐10, IL‐17, IL‐22 and IL‐23. Multivariate trajectory analysis revealed that TWD treatment could restore the psoriasis‐disturbed spleen and thymus metabolite profiles towards the normal metabolic status. A total of 25 and 27 metabolites associated with the immunomodulatory effects for which levels changed markedly upon treatment have been identified in spleen and thymus, respectively. These differential metabolites were mainly involved in amino acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. Our investigation provided a holistic view of TWD for intervention in psoriasis through immunoregulation and provided further scientific information in vivo about a clinical value of TWD for psoriasis.
Modeling and Control of the Glucose‐Insulin‐Glucagon System in Type I Diabetis Mellitus
Authors: Sangeetha Subramaniam , Sreepradha Chandrasekar , Sobana Subramani , Bidisha Panda , Panda Rames C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractType I diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by the inability of the pancreas to produce enough insulin. This results in a high glucose concentration in the blood. External administration of insulin is required to maintain normoglycemia. The accurate amount of insulin and the right time of administration can be obtained from monitoring and practicing model‐based control. A model with insulin as a regulatory hormone has already been developed for DM. It has then been extended by considering both insulin and glucagon as regulatory hormones. The model parameters are estimated using non‐linear least‐square techniques on data from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests (FSIGT) from the literature, thus optimizing the model parameters for type I patients. Using this model, a model‐predictive controller (MPC) has been designed to maintain normoglycemia in subjects with DM when subjected to disturbances. Finally, a comparative performance analysis between the MPC and conventional PID controller has been carried out. In conclusion, the model‐predictive controller is promising for the control of glucose concentration in subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus when subjected to disturbances.
Electronic Structure Evolution of Pd@Co Nanocatalysts Under Oxidation and Reduction Conditions and Preferential CO Oxidation
Authors: Jain Ruchi , Gopinath Chinnakonda S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHerein, we present the surface electronic structure and morphological evolution under reduction and oxidation conditions for Pd@Co (PC) core‐shell nanoparticles with different Pd : Co ratio (PC=2 : 1, 1 : 1 and 1 : 2). Extensive measurements have been made with NAPXPS (near ambient pressure x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy) under oxidising and reducing conditions, and ex‐situ HRTEM. It has been demonstrated that PC catalysts are thermally stable towards morphological changes, at least up to 575 K. Nonetheless, it shows a significant surface electronic structure changes under reaction environments, which are highly relevant to heterogeneous catalysis. As expected, high (low) population of metallic (oxidised) Co was observed, while retaining core shell structure under reduction (H2 and vacuum annealing) environment. Interestingly, the Pd−Co metallic interface helps to overcome the pyrophoric nature of cobalt and stabilised a significant amount of metallic Co at Pd−Co interface even in the presence of 0.1 mbar O2 up to 575 K. The presence of Pd−Co and Pd−Co@Co3O4 interfaces in reaction environment makes the catalyst dual functional. The proof of concept has been explored in terms of oxidation of CO in the presence of H2 or O2.
Towards a High‐Performance Lithium‐Metal Battery with Glyme Solution and an Olivine Cathode
Authors: Wei Shuangying , Inoue Shoichi , Di Lecce Daniele , Li Zhenguang , Tominaga Yoichi , Hassoun Jusef 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Prof. Jusef Hassoun at University of Ferrara (Italy) and Prof. Yoichi Tominaga at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (Japan). The cover picture shows that a suitable electrolyte solution based on glyme and LiNO3 allows high‐energy metallic lithium to be employed in a compact rechargeable battery. The system may be efficiently used to store power from renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, as well as in new‐generation electric vehicles. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.202000272.
Financial hardship in Chinese cancer survivors
Authors: Su Mingzhu , Lao Jiahui , Zhang Nan , Wang Jialin , Anderson Roger T. , Sun Xiaojie , Yao Nengliang 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to estimate the proportion of Chinese cancer survivors experiencing financial hardship and then examine the relationship between material and behavioral financial hardship.MethodsThis study surveyed 964 cancer survivors who were 30 to 64 years old and 644 survivors who were 65 years old or older during 2015‐2016 (1608 survivors in all). Material financial hardship was measured by whether they had borrowed money because of cancer, its treatment, or the lasting effects of treatment, and behavioral financial hardship was measured by whether they had forgone some cancer‐related medical care because of cost. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine factors associated with material financial hardship by age group.ResultsApproximately 44% of the cancer survivors who were 65 years old or older borrowed money or went into debt because of cancer, and 54% of younger patients (P < .01) reported cancer‐related debts. Among these survivors with cancer care debt, survivors aged 65 years old or older had a lower proportion of borrowing more than 50,000 Chinese yuan (CNY; approximately US $7700) than survivors aged 30 to 64 years (14% vs 20%). In both age groups, approximately 10% of cancer survivors reported that they had experienced behavioral financial hardship. After adjustments for covariates, cancer survivors who reported material financial problems were more likely to report behavioral financial hardship (odds ratio [OR] for those aged 30‐64 years, 3.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.13‐6.50; OR for those aged 65 years or older, 5.48; 95% CI, 2.69‐11.15).ConclusionsOlder cancer survivors in China experience significant material financial hardship, but it is not as noticeable as younger patients' hardship. The results highlight the importance of identifying cancer survivors who are more likely to experience financial hardship and improving the affordability of cancer care in China.
Selective Lithium Deposition on 3D Porous Heterogeneous Lithiophilic Skeleton for Ultrastable Lithium Metal Anodes
Authors: Liu Tiancun , Chen Xiudong , Zhan Changchao , Cao Xiaohua , Wang Yawei , Liu Jin‐Hang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) have been deemed as the next promising high‐energy battery systems for ultrahigh energy densities. However, serious Li dendrites and low Coulombic efficiency issues still impede the practical application of LMBs. Herein, a common three‐dimensional (3D) copper foam partially decorated by a thin lithiophilic tin (Sn) layer (CF@Sn) has been constructed as the current collector of a Li metal anode. The large Li ions prefer to be induced by a Sn layer to produce Li−Sn alloy and selectively deposit on the alloy layers of the composite matrix. Due to the excellent confinement of the growth of metallic Li, the 3D porous heterogeneous lithiophilic skeleton can effectively improve uniform Li deposition, inhibit Li dendrite formation, reduce electrolyte consumption and enhance the electrochemical performance. The composite matrix leads to a high Coulombic efficiency (98.5%) over 400 cycles and ultrastable Li charging/discharging behavior for 1000 h for the symmetric cell at 1 mA cm−2. For the low energy barrier of alloy layer, small potential polarization (20 mV in symmetric cell) and nucleation overpotential (10.5 mV) can be obtained as expected. Especially, full cells paired with LiFePO4 cathodes and CF@Sn@Li anodes deliver an enhanced rate capability and a great discharging capacity of 140 mAh g−1 with high capacity retention of 95.2% after 300 cycles at 0.5 C. The proposed 3D lithiophilic skeleton demonstrates an effective strategy to realize stable and practical Li metal anodes.
Maternal Betamethasone for Prevention of Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Neonates: Population Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Approach
Authors: Foissac Frantz , Zheng Yi , Hirt Déborah , Lui Gabrielle , Bouazza Naïm , Ville Yves , Goffinet François , Rozenberg Patrick , Kayem Gilles , Mandelbrot Laurent , Benaboud Sihem , Jarreau Pierre‐Henri , Tréluyer Jean‐Marc 
Published: May 2020

Despite antenatal corticosteroids therapy, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is still a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in premature newborns. To date, the relationship between in utero fetal drug exposure and occurrence of RDS remains poorly evaluated. This study aims to describe the pharmacokinetics of betamethasone in pregnant women and to evaluate the transplacental drug transfer and administration scheme for the prevention of RDS. Pregnant women > 27 weeks’ gestation and who received at least a single dose of betamethasone for prevention of RDS were enrolled. Maternal, cord blood, and amniotic fluid betamethasone time‐courses were analyzed using the Monolix software. A total of 220 maternal blood, 56 cord blood, and 26 amniotic fluid samples were described by a two‐compartment model with two effect compartments linked by rate transfer constants. Apparent clearances and volumes of distribution parameters were allometrically scaled for a 70 kg third trimester pregnant woman. The impact of a twin pregnancy was found to increase maternal clearance by 28%. Using a fetal‐to‐mother exposure ratio, the median (95% confidence interval (CI)) transplacental transfer of betamethasone was estimated to 35% (95% CI 0.11–0.67). After adjustment for gestational age and twin pregnancy, RDS was found to be associated to the time spent in utero below quantifiable concentrations (i.e., < 1 ng/mL): odds ratio of 1.10 (95% CI 1.01–1.19) per day increase (P < 0.05). Trying to take into account both efficacy and safety, we simulated different dosing schemes in order to maintain a maximum of fetuses above 1 ng/mL without exceeding the total standard dose.
Rationally Designed Furocarbazoles as Multifunctional Aggregation Induced Emissive Luminogens for the Sensing of Trinitrophenol (TNP) and Cell Imaging
Authors: Jejurkar Valmik P. , Yashwantrao Gauravi , Reddy B. Pradeep K. , Ware Anuja P. , Pingale Subhash S. , Srivastava Rohit , Saha Satyajit 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTwo structurally unique aggregation induced emission (AIE)‐active luminogens have been designed and synthesized based on the furocarbazole skeleton. Such small molecule AIEgens were designed based on forbidden planarity and engineering a twist into the scaffold to realize induction of emission in the aggregated states. The structures were fully characterized and their thermal stabilities, electronic properties, photophysical and electrochemical properties were systematically investigated. The unique twist in the molecules as evident from their X‐ray crystal structure along with the short intermolecular interactions enhances the structural rigidification and restricts detrimental π–π stacking interactions, restricting the internal rotations (RIR) accompanied by a curb of the ICT process, resulting in enhanced emission in the aggregated state. This intriguing luminescent property enabled one of the luminogens to selectively detect trinitrophenol (TNP) over other nitroaromatics in both aqueous and organic media at nanomolar concentrations. Moreover, the good photostabilities and biocompatibilities empowered both luminogens to function as fluorescent bioprobes for cancer cell imaging.
An Overview of Bacterial Cellulose in Flexible Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Lei Wen , Jin Dou , Liu Haipeng , Tong Zhaoming , Zhang Haijun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe emerging generation of flexible energy storage devices has accelerated the research pace in terms of new materials, new processing techniques, and new designs that can meet the demands of mechanical stability upon bending or stretching at an acceptable cost, without compromising their electrochemical performance. Among the materials currently explored, biomass‐derived materials have received extensive attention, because they are renewable, low in cost, earth‐abundant and structurally diverse. This review is focused on fundamentals and applications of the bio‐derived material bacterial cellulose (BC) in flexible electrochemical energy storage systems. Specifically, recent advances are summarized in the utilization of BC in stretchable substrates, carbonaceous species, and scaffolds for flexible core component construction. Finally, several perspectives related to BC‐based materials for flexible electrochemical energy storages are proposed, aiming to provide possible future research directions in these fields.
Safety during crisis: Rapid on‐site evaluation at the time of COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Asiry Saeed , Fatyan Alaaeddin , Matloob Ammar , Khader Samer N. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic is posing a worldwide challenge to control and contain. SARS‐CoV‐2 is a highly infectious virus. Health care providers at the front lines are at high risk of getting the infection and the risk applies also to laboratory personnel as they deal with specimens that might be contaminated with infectious materiel. Cytopathology teams specifically are at high risk of dealing with contaminated material because of patients encounter during fine‐needle aspiration biopsies or Rapid On‐Site Evaluation (ROSE) for adequacy. In our article, we discuss alternative safer staining methods to the widely used Diff–Quick stain that can be utilized for ROSE to decrease the risk of viral exposure during the current COVID‐19 pandemic.
Adolescents at risk of anxiety in interaction with their fathers: Studying non‐verbal and physiological synchrony
Authors: Roman‐Juan Josep , Fiol‐Veny Aina , Zuzama Neus , Caimari‐Ferragut Margalida , Bornas Xavier , Balle Maria 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAdolescence is a vulnerable period in terms of the onset of anxiety disorders, and dyadic parent–adolescent interactions may play a key role in either increasing or reducing the risk of psychopathologies. This study examines the presence of physiological synchrony (specifically, linkage in interbeat interval series) and non‐verbal synchrony in positive and negative interactions between adolescents (aged 13–16) and their fathers. Non‐verbal synchrony was quantified through the coordination of the interactants’ body movements, using an automated video‐analysis algorithm (motion energy analysis). Participants were made up of 53 parent–adolescent dyads, the latter at either low (n = 28) or high (n = 25) risk of anxiety. Adolescents at low risk of anxiety displayed statistically significant levels of non‐verbal synchrony with their fathers during positive interactions. Non‐verbal synchrony was not found in the father–adolescent dyads featuring adolescents at high risk of anxiety. Physiological synchrony was not significantly present above chance level in either of the groups of adolescents. Overall, the results suggest that adolescents at high risk of anxiety may have difficulties in managing non‐distressing interactions with their fathers. The results also suggest that physiological synchrony is not a straightforward phenomenon.
Do traits of plant species predict the efficacy of species distribution models for finding new occurrences?
Authors: McCune Jenny L. , Rosner‐Katz Hanna , Bennett Joseph R. , Schuster Richard , Kharouba Heather M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSpecies distribution models (SDMs) are used to test ecological theory and to direct targeted surveys for species of conservation concern. Several studies have tested for an influence of species traits on the predictive accuracy of SDMs. However, most used the same set of environmental predictors for all species and/or did not use truly independent data to test SDM accuracy. We built eight SDMs for each of 24 plant species of conservation concern, varying the environmental predictors included in each SDM version. We then measured the accuracy of each SDM using independent presence and absence data to calculate area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and true positive rate (TPR). We used generalized linear mixed models to test for a relationship between species traits and SDM accuracy, while accounting for variation in SDM performance that might be introduced by different predictor sets. All traits affected one or both SDM accuracy measures. Species with lighter seeds, animal‐dispersed seeds, and a higher density of occurrences had higher AUC and TPR than other species, all else being equal. Long‐lived woody species had higher AUC than herbaceous species, but lower TPR. These results support the hypothesis that the strength of species–environment correlations is affected by characteristics of species or their geographic distributions. However, because each species has multiple traits, and because AUC and TPR can be affected differently, there is no straightforward way to determine a priori which species will yield useful SDMs based on their traits. Most species yielded at least one useful SDM. Therefore, it is worthwhile to build and test SDMs for the purpose of finding new populations of plant species of conservation concern, regardless of these species’ traits.
Neural network structure identification in inflation forecasting
Authors: Šestanović Tea , Arnerić Josip 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNeural networks (NNs) are appropriate to use in time series analysis under conditions of unfulfilled assumptions, i.e., non‐normality and nonlinearity. The aim of this paper is to propose means of addressing identified shortcomings with the objective of identifying the NN structure for inflation forecasting. The research is based on a theoretical model that includes the characteristics of demand‐pull and cost‐push inflation; i.e., it uses the labor market, financial and external factors, and lagged inflation variables. It is conducted at the aggregate level of euro area countries from January 1999 to January 2017. Based on the estimated 90 feedforward NNs (FNNs) and 450 Jordan NNs (JNNs), which differ in variable parameters (number of iterations, learning rate, initial weight value intervals, number of hidden neurons, and weight value of the context unit), the mean square error (MSE), and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) are calculated for two periods: in‐the‐sample and out‐of‐sample. Ranking NNs simultaneously on both periods according to either MSE or AIC does not lead to the selection of the ‘best’ NN because the optimal NN in‐the‐sample, based on MSE and/or AIC criteria, often has high out‐of‐sample values of both indicators. To achieve the best compromise solution, i.e., to select an optimal NN, the preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE) is used. Comparing the optimal FNN and JNN, i.e., FNN(4,5,1) and JNN(4,3,1), it is concluded that under approximately equal conditions, fewer hidden layer neurons are required in JNN than in FNN, confirming that JNN is parsimonious compared to FNN. Moreover, JNN has a better forecasting performance than FNN.
Evaluation of interaction between Piriformospora indica, animal manure and NPK fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative yield and absorption of elements in sunflower
Authors: Eliaspour Siamak , Seyed Sharifi Raouf , Shirkhani Ali 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMicrobial endophytes are considered as one of the most important soil microorganisms which increase their yield per unit area by generating genetic, physiological, and ecological changes in their host plants. We conducted an experiment as factorial in a completely randomized manner with three replications at the Ghasre Shirin greenhouse of Kermanshah province in order to evaluate the interaction of Piriformospora indica (inoculation–noninoculation) with manure (25% of the flowerpot volume—without using manure as a control) and NPK chemical fertilizer (10 g per flowerpot—without the use of fertilizer as a control), the quantitative and qualitative yield and absorption of elements in sunflower. The results showed that the interaction of P. indica, manure, and chemical fertilizer on the colonization percentage, seed oil percentage, nitrogen concentration, phosphorus concentration, and the 1000‐seed weight was significant at 1% probability level, and on yield index, growth, plant height, and concentration of potassium element it was at 5% probability level. Bilateral effects of P. indica with chemical fertilizer and the manure treated with chemical fertilizer on the budding time were significant at the probability level of 1% and 5%, respectively. It seems that the coexistence between sunflower root and P. indica increases the growth of the root system of the plant; thereby it increases the height of plant because of the absorption of essential elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium by the root, and increases the quantitative and qualitative yield of sunflower.
Identification of antibacterial substances of Lactobacillus plantarum DY‐6 for bacteriostatic action
Authors: Mao Yin , Zhang Xiaojuan , Xu Zhenghong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria is closely related to its metabolites. Our results showed that Lactobacillus plantarum DY‐6 had the highest antibacterial activities among the seven bacteria tested in this study. To fully understand the active antimicrobial substances in L. plantarum DY‐6, the cell‐free supernatant (CFS) were analyzed. Our data indicated that the antibacterial effect of the CFS was positively correlated with the growth of the bacteria, and the main antibacterial substances were lactic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, caprylic acid, and decyl acid. Finally, this study demonstrated that the antibacterial active substance produced by the lactic acid bacteria could destroy the cell membrane structure of the bacteria, causing bacteria to fail to grow and reproduce normally, thereby exerting a bacteriostatic action. Taken together, our current findings would provide an effective method for rapid screening of antimicrobial substances.