bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Lockdown 1.0-4.0 on spread of COVID-19 Pandemic in India
Authors: Ranjan Alok , Ayub Arshad , Kumar Abhishek , Pandey Sanjay , Kumar Pragya , Agarwal Neeraj 
Published: October 2020

Novel Coronavirus Outbreak (COVID-19) was declared as a pandemic on 11th March 2020 by World Health Organization (WHO). This was a call for immediate action to be taken on by all countries in terms of stepping up treatment, detection, and reduction of transmission. A total of 26472012 confirmed cases with over 873229 deaths were reported as on 4th September 2020 worldwide. (1)
Government of India, initiated various Non-Pharmaceutical Intervention (NPI) to break the chain of transmission and prevent the spread of COVID-19, which included social distancing, and restricted public mobility like lockdown.
The largest COVID-19 national lockdown in India started on 25th march 2020. Still, India’s population of 1·3 billion across diverse states, health inequalities, widening economic and social disparities, and distinct cultural values present unique challenges.(2) Meanwhile nationwide lockdown was extended till 31st may 2020 by Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India (Lockdown 4.0).(3) This lockdown strategy adopted by the country to curtail the impact and flatten/delay the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, and it’s quantification may aid to plan future intervention strategies
Economic and Social Benefits of Growing Peanut Instead of Boro Rice in a Sweet Water Scarce Area of Coastal Bangladesh
Authors: Jahan Hasneen , Mahanta Sisir , Farid Kazi Shek 
Published: October 2020

This study assessed the relative profitability and social impact of peanut cultivation over Boro rice production in a polder of coastal Bangladesh where there is a scarcity of sweet water for crop cultivation in the Rabi season. Sixty samples from a village namely Sekendarkhali of Amtali Upazila under Barguna district were randomly selected for the study. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews, focus group discussion, and key informant interviews, and different quantitative and qualitative methods were used to explain the data. Cost and return analysis was performed to assess the relative profitability of the two crops. Major findings of the study show that per hectare total costs, gross return, gross margin, and net returns for peanut and Boro production were Tk. 116170 and Tk. 91632; Tk. 132648 and Tk. 52419; Tk. 28540 and Tk. -27628; and Tk. 16478 and Tk. -39203, respectively, which indicate that peanut was more profitable than Boro rice. Moreover, benefit-cost ratios (BCR) of peanut and Boro rice production were found 1.14 and 0.57, respectively indicating peanut production is profitable for farmers in the study area but not the Boro rice production. It was also found that peanut cultivation has some positive social impacts. Adoption of peanut cultivation as a Rabi crop increases the cropping intensity of the study area, creates employment opportunities for both men and women, helps to ensure better nutritional status and better health of the farmers, helps the farmers to stay in the village and to build a better social relationship, increases the income of the farmers, and ensures a better standard of living. The study also identified some problems and constraints faced by the peanut growing farmers and suggested some recommendations to improve the present production of peanuts so that adoption and per hectare yield of peanut would possibly be increased.
Effects of structured exercise regime on lipid profile and renal function tests in gestational diabetes mellitus patients-A pilot study
Authors: Wardah Ajaz Qazi  , Muhammad Naveed Babur  , Arshad Nawaz Malik  , Nadia Ahmed Bokhari  , Mirza Shamim Baig  , Ruqia Begum  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To determine the effects of structured exercise regime on biochemical markers of patients of gestational diabetes mellitus during the third trimester.
Methods: The two-arm pilot study was conducted at the Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from March to July 2019, and comprised women aged 20-40 years with gestational age >20 weeks who were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus and who were able to do 6min walk test under severity level on the 0-10 Borg scale. The subjects were randomized into two groups using the sealed envelope method. The intervention group received 5 weeks of structured exercise programme. including aerobics, stabilisation and pelvic floor muscle training, while the control group only received postural education. Data was noted at baseline and after intervention, and was analysed using SPSS 20.
Results: Of the 16 subjects, there were 8(50%) in each of the two groups. The mean age was 31.5±4.17 years in the interventional group and it was 35.0±6.30 years in the control group. Serum low-density lipoprotein and serum creatinine showed significant differences between the groups (p<0.05), while the rest of markers were non-significant (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Structured exercise regime was found to have a positive effect in reducing serum low-density lipoprotein and serum creatinine levels in gestational diabetes mellitus during the third trimester.
Key Words: Gestational diabetes mellitus, Lipid profile, Renal function tests, Structured exercise regime, Third trimester.
Análisis descriptivo de la industria de muebles de madera de Delicias, Chihuahua
Authors: Magaña Magaña José Eduardo , Talamantes Gonzáles Thalia Fernanda , Villareal Ramírez Víctor Hugo , Kiessling Davison Christian Mauricio , Palacios Monarrez Abdoón 
Published: October 2020

La industria de fabricantes de muebles de madera contribuye de manera importante a la generación de empleos de la región de Delicias, Chihuahua. La muestra con la que se logró la presente investigación fueron empresas representativas de la industria como lo demuestra el hecho de que el promedio de antigüedad en el mercado fue de 30 años. Se determinó las capacidades y necesidades productivas. Se aplicó un cuestionario de 35 preguntas con 95 variables, aplicados a 25 empresas. De los cuales el 40% son microempresas y el 53% son pequeñas empresas. El total de profesionistas en la muestra fue de 8.24% del número total de trabajadores que laboran principalmente en el área administrativa. El 93% de las empresas no cuentan con un plan estratégico lo que representó una gran debilidad. Entre las principales fortalezas fueron que el 53% cuenta con una antigüedad en el mercado de 31 a 40 años, lo que significó que tienen experiencia en la industria y cuentan con capacidad emprendedora y potencial para transformar de manera competitiva en diseño y calidad sus productos. Lo anterior manifestó que se tiene que trabajar más en capacitación en las áreas de producción, calidad y manejo de desechos, en planeación estratégica, en la norma ISO 035, en uso de suelo e integración a las diferentes asociaciones empresariales.
The making of the New European Wind Atlas – Part 1: Model sensitivity
Authors: Hahmann Andrea N. , Sīle Tija , Witha Björn , Davis Neil N. , Dörenkämper Martin , Ezber Yasemin , García-Bustamante Elena , González-Rouco J. Fidel , Navarro Jorge , Olsen Bjarke T. , Söderberg Stefan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract. This is the first of two papers that document the creation of the New European Wind Atlas (NEWA). It describes the sensitivity analysis and evaluation procedures that formed the basis for choosing the final setup of the mesoscale model simulations of the wind atlas. The suitable combination of model setup and parameterizations, bound by practical constraints, was found for simulating the climatology of the wind field at turbine-relevant heights with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Initial WRF model sensitivity experiments compared the wind climate generated by using two commonly used planetary boundary layer schemes and were carried out over several regions in Europe. They confirmed that the most significant differences in annual mean wind speed at 100 m a.g.l. (above ground level) mostly coincide with areas of high surface roughness length and not with the location of the domains or maximum wind speed. Then an ensemble of more than 50 simulations with different setups for a single year was carried out for one domain covering northern Europe for which tall mast observations were available. We varied many different parameters across the simulations, e.g. model version, forcing data, various physical parameterizations, and the size of the model domain. These simulations showed that although virtually every parameter change affects the results in some way, significant changes in the wind climate in the boundary layer are mostly due to using different physical parameterizations, especially the planetary boundary layer scheme, the representation of the land surface, and the prescribed surface roughness length. Also, the setup of the simulations, such as the integration length and the domain size, can considerably influence the results. We assessed the degree of similarity between winds simulated by the WRF ensemble members and the observations using a suite of metrics, including the Earth Mover's Distance (EMD), a statistic that measures the distance between two probability distributions. The EMD was used to diagnose the performance of each ensemble member using the full wind speed and direction distribution, which is essential for wind resource assessment. We identified the most realistic ensemble members to determine the most suitable configuration to be used in the final production run, which is fully described and evaluated in the second part of this study (Dörenkämper et al., 2020).
Sea-ice and water dynamics and moonlight impact the acoustic backscatter diurnal signal over the eastern Beaufort Sea continental slope
Authors: Dmitrenko Igor A. , Petrusevich Vladislav , Darnis Gérald , Kirillov Sergei A. , Komarov Alexander S. , Ehn Jens K. , Forest Alexandre , Fortier Louis , Rysgaard Søren , Barber David G. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract. A 2-year-long time series of currents and acoustic
backscatter from an acoustic Doppler current profiler, moored over the
eastern Beaufort Sea continental slope from October 2003 to September 2005,
were used to assess the dynamics and variability of the sound-scattering layer.
It has been shown that acoustic backscatter is dominated by a synchronized
diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton. Our results show that DVM
timings (i) were synchronous with sunlight and (ii) were modified by
moonlight and sea ice, which attenuates light transmission to the water
column. Moreover, DVM is modified or completely disrupted during highly
energetic current events. Thicker ice observed during winter–spring 2005
lowered the backscatter values but favored extending DVM toward the
midnight sun. In contrast to many previous studies, DVM occurred through the
intermediate water layer during the ice-free season of the midnight sun in
2004. In 2005, the midnight-sun DVM was likely impacted by a high acoustic
scattering generated by suspended particles. During full moon at low cloud
cover, the nighttime moonlight illuminance led to zooplankton avoidance of
the subsurface layer, disrupting DVM. Moreover, DVM was disrupted by
upwelling, downwelling, and eddy passing. We suggest that these deviations
are consistent with DVM adjusting to avoid enhanced water dynamics. For
upwelling and downwelling, zooplankton likely respond to the along-slope
water dynamics dominated by surface- and depth-intensified flow,
respectively. This drives zooplankton to adjust DVM by aggregating in the
low or upper intermediate water layer for upwelling and downwelling,
respectively. The baroclinic eddy reversed DVM below the eddy core.
Variabilidad de los Efectos de la Motivación sobre las Estrategias Desarrolladas por Ratas en el Laberinto Radial
Authors: Soto Caro Fabián , Saavedra María de los Ángeles 
Published: October 2020

Investigaciones previas han mostrado que el nivel de deprivación alimenticia influiría sobre el tipo de estrategia utilizada por ratas en el laberinto de brazos radiales. Los animales más motivados utilizarían estrategias basadas en claves egocéntricas propioceptivas, mientras los menos motivados utilizarían estrategias basadas en claves alocéntricas visuales. En la presente investigación se intentó replicar tales resultados con el objeto de explorar más finamente estas estrategias. Sin embargo, se obtuvieron resultados negativos en dos experimentos. En el experimento 1, 24 ratas albinas fueron separadas en dos grupos con distinto peso corporal: los animales en el grupo G75 (n=12) fueron deprivados de comida hasta alcanzar un 75% de su peso de alimentación libre, y los animales en el grupo G85 (N=12) fueron deprivados hasta alcanzar un 85% de su peso de alimentación libre. En el experimento 2, 9 ratas albinas fueron separadas en dos grupos con distintas raciones diarias de comida: GB (n=5) con una ración de 10 gramos, y GA (n=4) con una ración de 20 gramos. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el uso de estrategias en ninguno de los dos experimentos. Estos resultados cuestionan la generalidad de la relación previamente encontrada entre el nivel de motivación de las ratas y el uso deestrategias para la búsqueda de comida en el laberinto radial. Se discute acerca de las condiciones específicas bajo las cuales un mayor nivel de deprivación alimenticia llevaría a utilizar estrategias más simples, basadas en claves propioceptivas, para abastecerse de comida en el laberinto radial.
Autoconcepto y proyecto de vida: Percepciones de adolescentes embarazadas de un sector periférico de Santiago, participantes de un programa de educación para la salud
Authors: Aracena Alvarez Marcela , Ramírez Yáñez Paula , Reyes Aranis Lucía , Yovane Carla , Orozco Rugama Aracelly , Lesmes Páez Clara , Krause Jacob Mariane , Salvatierra López Loreto 
Published: October 2020

El embarazo adolescente es un problema biopsicosocial relevante en Chile. La carencia de un enfoque que lo aborde de manera integral es el problema que esta investigación se propuso tratar. Para ello, se planteó como objetivo describir el proyecto de vida y autoconcepto de adolescentes embarazadas de un sector periférico de Santiago, participantes de un programa de educación para la salud, en relación a su ser mujer, adolescente y madre. El diseño usado fue descriptivo – analítico, de carácter cualitativo. Del análisis de los datos se desprendieron categorías conceptuales que permitieron comprender las percepciones de las adolescentes. En este sentido, los resultados confirman el carácter biopsicosocial del embarazo adolescente y su impacto en el autoconcepto y proyecto de vida de las jóvenes, los que están principalmente enfocados en los roles de dueña de casa y madre.
South African Mandatory Offers Regime: Assessing Minorities’ Leverage to Seek Recourse and Equal Treatment in Takeover Bids
Authors: Nkoane Paul 
Published: October 2020

South African Mandatory Offers Regime: Assessing Minorities’ Leverage to Seek Recourse and Equal Treatment in Takeover Bids
A firm intention announcement must be made when the offeror is able and willing to acquire securities, and when a mandatory offer must be made. When the firm intention announcement is implemented, some sort of a contract is created. This rule has helped to determine the particular time the offeror should be liable to minorities. The question of when the offeror should bear the obligation to implement mandatory offers in aborted takeovers is thus no more problematic. Previously, the courts wrestled with this issue, but delivered what appears to be unsatisfactory decisions. This article will discuss the effect of a firm intention announcement and the responsibility that attends the making of that announcement. It intends to illustrate the extent of liability the offeror must bear in the event of a lapsed takeover, before and after the making of the firm intention announcement. The article examines the manner in which takeover rules can be enforced, and whether the current measures afford minorities proper protection. This brings to light the issue of equal treatment in takeovers and the fallacy thereof. A minor appraisal of the takeover rules in two jurisdictions in Europe (the United Kingdom and the Netherlands) is conducted to assess how equal treatment for minorities is promoted. Due to the difficulty minorities may experience in enforcing equal treatment in company takeovers, the article advocates for the alteration of the current South African takeover procedure for the promotion of minorities’ interests and for establishing rules that provide the offeror adequate information.
Advances in Minimally Invasive Surgery for Lung Cancer
Authors: Shah Rachit , Delagar McBride Nils-Tomas 
Published: October 2020

Over the last 25 years, improvement in instrumentation and surgical techniques has led to widespread adaptation of thoracoscopic (VATS) surgery in the field of thoracic oncology. What once was a niche operation like VATS wedge resection to now hybrid VATS chest wall resections, and advanced surgeries like bronchoplasty and sleeve resections are done with VATS. This has led to improved surgical outcomes for our patients and increased use of surgery in the treatment of chest disease. We review the history of VATS and its current state with most recent changes and upgrades in the technique in this chapter. We review the advancement in uniportal VATS, robotic assisted resection, complex VATS resection, and awake lung surgery with VATS.
Consumption Safety in Relation to Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Periwinkles (Tympanotonus fuscatus) Obtained from Ogbia in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Moslen Miebaka , Hope Adiela Chioma 
Published: October 2020

The study assessed human health risk and accumulation of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cr and Zn) in periwinkles (Tympanotonus fuscatus) obtained from the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Samples were collected for six months on a monthly basis. The samples were digested according to the method described by Association of official analytical chemists and analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Temporal variations in metal concentrations were observed with values (mgkg−1) ranging as follows Pb (2.34–6.7), Ni (0.55–2.28), Zn (0.55–11.66), Cr (0.74–3.65), Cu (1.15–3.91) and Cd (0.22–1.06). Variation in metal concentration was significantly different (p < 0.05) with metals such as Pb, Ni and Cd found to be above their respective FAO/WHO permissible limits. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of all metals examined was less than their respective reference oral doses (RFD). The target hazard quotient (THQ) non-carcinogenic and the hazard index (HI) of metals were < 1 while the hazard quotient carcinogenic (HQ) ranged between 10−6 – 10−4. The study therefore concluded gradual accumulation of metals and minimal health risk due to consumption of contaminated periwinkles in the study area.
Effects of Physiotherapy Interventions on the Function of the Locomotor System in Elder Age: View of Theory and Practice
Authors: Debity Boglárka , Cseri Julianna 
Published: October 2020

The aim of this chapter is to give an overview about the aging processes in the neural and muscuo-skeletal system at cellular and tissue level to highlight the demand for physiotherapy interventions. Searching the relevant literature published in the last decade, it was found that the loss of muscle mass (myofiber atrophy and decrease in the number of myofibers) is associated with decreased regeneration capacity of the skeletal muscle, deterioration of the neural control and bone remodeling as well as the impaired microcirculation leading to insufficient adaptation to the physical exercises. In the management of the aging-related deterioration of the skeletal muscle (sarcopenia), the first tool is the resistance training that improves the muscle mass and power as well as the functional outcomes regarding the mobility and physical performance. The endurance (aerobic) training improves the cardiovascular and respiratory status providing better blood supply to the skeletal muscle and exerts some effects directly to the skeletal muscle and bone (increases the mitochondrial functions, improves the bone remodeling). The combination of aerobic and resistance training seems to be more effective against the sarcopenia and osteopenia. The balance training gives additional benefits, so (together with increased muscle power and performance) improves the quality of life.
Lessons from a Successful Implementation of a Computerized Provider Order Entry System
Authors: Jacobs Brian R. , Hallstrom Craig K. , Hart Kim Ward , Mahoney Daniela , Lykowski Gayle ,   the Clinical Informatics Outcomes Research Group
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVES The electronic health record (EHR) can improve patient safety, care efficiency, cost effectiveness and regulatory compliance. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) has successfully implemented an Integrating Clinical Information System (ICIS) that includes Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE). This review describes some of the unanticipated challenges and solutions identified during the implementation of ICIS.METHODS Data for this paper was derived from user-generated feedback within the ICIS. Feedback reports were reviewed and placed into categories based on root cause of the issue. Recurring issues or problems which led to potential or actual patient injury are included.RESULTS Nine distinct challenges were identified: 1) Deterioration in communication; 2) Excessive system alerts to users; 3) Unrecognized discontinuation of medications; 4) Unintended loss of orders; 5) Loss of orders during implementation; 6) Amplification of errors; 7) Unintentional generation of patient care orders by system analysts; 8) Persistence of specific patient care order instructions; 9) Verbal orders entered under the incorrect clinician.CONCLUSIONS Unanticipated challenges are expected when implementing EHRs. The implementation plan for any EHR should include methods to identify, evaluate and repair problems quickly. While continued challenges with this complex system are expected, we believe that the EHR will continue to facilitate improved patient care and safety. The lessons learned at CCHMC will permit other institutions to avoid some of these challenges and design robust processes to detect and respond to problems in a timely fashion to ensure implementation success.
Aminophylline Compatibility with Neonatal Total Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Sykes Rachel , McPherson Christopher , Foulks Kristi , Wade Joni , Gal Peter 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVES Aminophylline has proven useful for treating renal failure in preterm infants. Previous reports state that aminophylline is incompatible with some neonatal total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solutions. If this is correct, administration of aminophylline doses would be complicated by the need to hold TPN and provide flush solution after each aminophylline dose. Our experience with administering aminophylline over 30 minutes concurrently with TPN was that this was not problematic. We therefore examined the in vitro compatibility of aminophylline and TPN solutions used in our neonates over a 30-minute interval to see if our policy of allowing concurrent mixing of these products was appropriate.
METHODS TPN solutions (2.5 mL) were mixed with 1 mL of intravenous aminophylline 2.5 mg/mL in a glass vial. Three different TPN solutions used in our NICU were collected for the study, and five samples of each combination were prepared. Samples were watched for 60 minutes to see if precipitation occurred.
RESULTS Although the aminophylline and TPN solutions were not miscible, no turbidity or precipitation was observed.
CONCLUSIONS This study supports that aminophylline is physically compatible with neonatal TPN for 60 minutes.