bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary excretion of epidermal growth factor and rapid loss of kidney function
Authors: Norvik Jon Viljar , Harskamp Laura R , Nair Viji , Shedden Kerby , Solbu Marit D , Eriksen Bjørn O , Kretzler Matthias , Gansevoort Ron T , Ju Wenjun , Melsom Toralf 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Lower urinary excretion of the kidney tubule–specific biomarker epidermal growth factor (uEGF) is associated with increased risk of renal function [glomerular filtration rate (GFR)] loss in diabetes and in patients with established chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated whether uEGF is associated with rapid GFR decline or incident CKD in the general population.

Methods
Subjects without CKD or diabetes were recruited from the general population in Tromso, Norway [Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey (RENIS); N = 1249] and Groningen, the Netherlands [Prevention of REnal and Vascular END-stage disease (PREVEND); N = 4534], with a median follow-up of 5.6 and 7.4 years, respectively. GFR was measured by iohexol clearance in the RENIS and estimated using the CKD Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine–cystatin C equation in the PREVEND study. Rapid GFR decline was defined as an annual GFR loss &gt;3.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 and in sensitivity analyses as subjects with the 10% steepest GFR slope within each cohort.

Results
Lower baseline uEGF excretion was associated with rapid GFR loss in both cohorts {RENIS, odds ratio [OR] per 1 μg/mmol lower uEGF 1.42 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.91], P = 0.02; PREVEND, OR 1.29 [95% CI 1.10–1.53], P &lt; 0.01}, adjusted for baseline GFR, albumin:creatinine ratio and conventional CKD risk factors. Similar results were obtained using the outcome of the 10% steepest GFR slope in each cohort. Lower uEGF levels were associated with incident CKD in the combined analysis of both cohorts.

Conclusions
Lower uEGF levels are associated with increased risk of rapid GFR loss and incident CKD in the general population. This finding, together with previous findings in CKD and high-risk populations, supports that uEGF may serve as a broadly applicable biomarker representing the tubular component of the current glomerulus-centric clinical risk assessment system.
Increasing Drug Resistance Among Persons With Tuberculosis in Massachusetts, 2009–2018
Authors: Eddy Jared J , Gadani Kavita M , Tibbs Andrew , Bernardo John , Cochran Jennifer , White Laura F , Horsburgh C Robert , Jacobson Karen R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We examined Massachusetts tuberculosis surveillance data from to 2009 to 2018. Of 1533 culture-confirmed cases, 190 (12.4%) demonstrated resistance to isoniazid including 32 (2.1%) with rifampin resistance. In multivariable analysis, isoniazid resistance increased significantly over time (per-year odds ratio = 1.07, 95% confidence interval = 1.01–1.13, P = .018) and was associated with younger age, foreign birth, and prior tuberculosis treatment.
Antibiotics and Innate Immunity: A Cooperative Effort Towards the Successful Treatment of Infections
Authors: Berti Andrew , Rose Warren , Nizet Victor , Sakoulas George 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Despite the common ancestry of antimicrobial and immunological science, a divergence driven by artificially construed paradigms in microbiology has placed limits on how we understand the mechanisms of antibiotics in vivo. We summarize recent updates on data that shed light on how antibiotics interact with components of innate immunity.
World Health Organization growth standards: How do Canadian children measure up?
Authors: Rodd Celia , Feely Allison , Becker Allan B , Moraes Theo J , Subbarao Padmaja , Mandhane Piushkumar J , Turvey Stuart E , Lefebvre Diana L , Sears Malcolm R , Azad Meghan B , Sharma Atul 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards for children aged 0 to 5 years describe growth under optimal conditions and were adopted for use in Canada in 2012. We are seeking to validate these charts in a well-characterized, longitudinal cohort of healthy, Canadian youngsters, assess tracking over time, and evaluate the prognostic implications of early growth.

Methods
Data from 2,795 mother–infant dyads from the CHILD birth cohort were classified by feeding modality at 6 months as exclusively breastfed, partially breastfed, or formula-fed. WHO z-scores (z) were calculated at birth, 3 months, 1 year, and 3 years. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) assessed the predictive performance of early weight (WT), weight-for-length (WfL), or body mass index (BMI) z-scores for overweight/obesity at 3 years.

Results
Compared to WHO standards, Canadian children at birth had lower median WfLz (−0.73) and BMIz (−0.29), with more positive scores by 3 years (WfLz=BMIz=0.58). At both 1 and 3 years, formula feeding was associated with higher scores than breastfeeding, even after regression adjustment for covariates. Head circumference z-score was typically positive at all times and regardless of feeding modality. At 1 year, ROC area under the curve was 0.79 for WTz, WfLz, and BMIz, and BMIz&gt;0.88 identified children with increased risk of overweight/obesity (BMIz &gt;2) at age 3 years (20.3% versus 3.0%, P&lt;0.001).

Conclusions
Compared to WHO growth charts, Canadian children at 3 years show an upward shift in BMIz and WfLz, particularly when formula-fed. Infant growth parameters may identify infants with increased risk of overweight/obesity at age 3 years; early recognition may allow targeting infants at higher risk.
Functional Characterization of Terpene Synthases Accounting for the Volatilized-Terpene Heterogeneity in Lathyrus odoratus Cultivar Flowers
Authors: Bao Tingting , Shadrack Kimani , Yang Song , Xue Xinxin , Li Shuying , Wang Ning , Wang Qiuyue , Wang Li , Gao Xiang , Cronk Quentin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Lathyrus odoratus (sweet pea) is an ornamental plant with exceptional floral scent, previously used as an experimental organism in the early development of Mendelian genetics. However, its terpene synthases (TPSs), which act as metabolic gatekeepers in the biosynthesis of volatile terpenoids, remain to be characterized. Auto-Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction/Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of floral volatile terpene constituents from seven sweet pea cultivars identified α-bergamotene, linalool, (−)-α-cubebene, geraniol, β-caryophyllene and β-sesquiphellandrene as the dominant compounds. RNA sequencing was performed to profile the transcriptome of L. odoratus flowers. Bioinformatic analysis identified eight TPS genes (acronymed as LoTPS) that were successfully cloned, heterologously expressed and functionally analyzed. LoTPS4 and LoTPS7, belonging to the TPS-b clade, biochemically catalyzed the formation of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. LoTPS3 and LoTPS8, placed in the TPS-a clade, also generated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, while LoTPS12 belonging to the TPS-g clade showed linalool/nerolidol synthase activity. Notably, biochemical assays of the recombinant LoTPS proteins revealed their catalytic promiscuity, and the enzymatic products were basically consistent with major volatile compounds released from sweet pea flowers. The data from our study lay the foundation for the chemical ecology, molecular genetics and biotechnological improvement of sweet pea and other legumes (Fabaceae).
Identifying Predictors of Recommendations for and Participation in Multimodal Nonpharmacological Treatments for Chronic Pain Using Patient-Reported Outcomes and Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Bernstein Cheryl , Gillman Andrea G , Zhang Di , Bartman Anna E , Jeong Jong-Hyeon , Wasan Ajay D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective
High-quality chronic pain care emphasizes multimodal treatments that include medication and nonpharmacological treatments. But it is not clear which patients will participate in nonpharmacological treatments, such as physical therapy or mental health care, and previous research has shown conflicting evidence.

Methods
We used the Patient Outcomes Repository for Treatment (PORT) registry, which combines patient-reported outcomes data with electronic medical records. In this retrospective observational study, we performed two separate multinomial regression analyses with feature selection to identify PORT variables that were predictive of 1) recommendation of a nonpharmacological treatment by the provider and 2) patient participation in nonpharmacological treatments. Two hundred thirty-six patients were recommended (REC) or not recommended (NO REC) a nonpharmacological treatment, and all REC patients were classified as participating (YES) or not participating (NO) in the recommendations.

Results
Female gender and a diagnosis of Z79 “Opioid drug therapy” were significant positive and negative predictors of nonpharmacological treatment recommendations, respectively. Schedule II opioid use at initial presentation and recommendations for rehabilitation therapy were significant predictors of nonparticipation.

Conclusions
Patients using opioids are less likely to be recommended nonpharmacological treatments as part of multimodal chronic pain care and are less likely to participate in nonpharmacological treatments once recommended. Males are also less likely to be recommended nonpharmacological treatments. Patients referred for rehabilitation therapies are less likely to comply with those recommendations. We have identified patients in vulnerable subgroups who may require additional resources and/or encouragement to comply with multimodal chronic pain treatment recommendations.
Interrelationships between sex and dietary lysine on growth performance and carcass composition of finishing boars and gilts1
Authors: Aymerich Pau , Soldevila Carme , Bonet Jordi , Farré Mercè , Gasa Josep , Coma Jaume , Solà-Oriol David 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe main goals of this study were to determine whether boars and gilts respond differently to the standardized ileal digestible lysine to net energy ratio (SID Lys:NE) and model the response to optimize growth performance. A total of 780 finishing pigs, 390 boars and 390 gilts [Pietrain NN × (Landrace × Large White)], with an initial individual body weight of 70.4 ± 9.2 for boars and 68.7 ± 8.0 kg for gilts, were used in a 41-d dose–response experiment. Pens (13 pigs per pen) were randomly allocated to a dietary treatment (2.64, 3.05, 3.46, 3.86, 4.27 g SID Lys/Mcal NE) by block and sex, with six replicates per treatment and sex. Two isoenergetic diets (2,460 kcal NE/kg), representing the extreme SID Lys:NE, were formulated and then mixed. Pigs were individually weighed at days 0, 22, and 41, when the experiment finished. The differential effect of SID Lys:NE on growth performance and carcass composition between sexes was analyzed with orthogonal polynomial contrasts to compare the linear and quadratic trends in each sex. In addition, broken-line linear (BLL) models to optimize average daily gain (ADG), including average daily feed intake (ADFI) as a covariate, were fitted when possible. As expected, boars had a greater ADG and feed efficiency (G:F; P &lt; 0.001) than gilts, but there was no evidence of differences in ADFI (P = 0.470). Increasing SID Lys:NE had a greater linear impact on boars ADG (P = 0.087), G:F (P = 0.003), and carcass leanness (P = 0.032). In contrast, gilts showed a greater linear increase in SID Lys intake per kg gain (P &lt; 0.001) and feed cost per kg gain (P = 0.005). The best fitting BLL models showed that boars maximized ADG at 3.63 g SID Lys/Mcal NE [95% confidence interval (CI): (3.32 to 3.94)], although another model with a similar fit, compared with the Bayesian information criterion, reported the optimum at 4.01 g SID Lys/Mcal NE [95% CI: (3.60, 4.42)]. The optimum to maximize ADG for gilts was estimated at 3.10 g SID Lys/Mcal NE [95% CI: (2.74, 3.47)]. Thus, the present study confirmed that boars and gilts have a different linear response to SID Lys:NE, explained by the greater protein deposition potential of boars. Likewise, BLL models indicated that boars require a higher SID Lys:NE to maximize ADG from 70 to 89 kg. These results suggest that split feeding of finishing boars and gilts could be beneficial in terms of both performance and cost return.
Stocking rate impacts performance and economics of grazing beef steers on mixed-grass prairies of the Southern Great Plains1
Authors: Beck Paul A , Beck Matthew R , Gunter Stacey A , Biermacher Jon T , Gillen Robert L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Stocking rate is a fundamental management factor that has major impacts on animal performance, profitability, and long-term sustainability of native range ecosystems. This research was conducted to determine the effects of stocking rate on performance and economics of growing steers grazing a mixed-grass prairie on a rolling upland red shale ecological site at the Marvin Klemme Range Research Station (35° 25′ N 99° 3′ W). The recommended sustainable stocking rate at this location is suggested to be 25 animal unit days (AUD)/ha. Steers [n = 836, initial body weight (BW) ± SD = 216 ± 11.7 kg] grazed at seven stocking rates ranging from 4.13 ha/steer to 1.83 ha/steer over a 7-yr period, from 1990 to 1996, with year considered the random replication. During the experimental period, overall climatic conditions were favorable for forage production with average growing season precipitation of 118% of the long-term average over the 7-yr experiment, and only 1 yr (1994 with only 57% of the long-term average) with growing season precipitation substantially less than the long-term average. Over the entire summer grazing season, average daily gain (ADG) decreased linearly (P &lt; 0.01) with increasing stocking rate, such that for each additional hectare available per steer ADG increased by 0.05 kg/d (R2 = 0.88). Contrary to ADG, BW gain per hectare over the grazing season increased linearly (P &lt; 0.01) with increasing stocking rate, as stocking rate increased from 4.13 ha/steer to 1.83 ha/steer BW gain per hectare doubled from 33.1 kg/ha to 66.8 kg/ha, respectively. With land costs included in the economic analysis, net return per hectare increased linearly (P &lt; 0.01) from $13 [U.S. Dollars [USD]) at the 4.13 ha/steer to $52/ha at the 1.83 ha/steer. For each additional hectare per steer, net return was reduced by $15.80 (USD)/steer and $15.70 (USD)/ha. In favorable climatic conditions, such as during this 7-yr experiment, economically optimal stocking rates can be more than doubled compared with the stocking rate recommended by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Soil Conservation Service. Increasing stocking rates decrease individual animal performance but maximize BW gain per hectare, which leads to the increasing economic returns observed. Research is needed to determine the long-term implications of these stocking rates during unfavorable growing conditions and setting stocking rates based on seasonal weather patterns and extended weather outlook predictions.
Effects of supplementing docosahexaenoic acid-rich microalgae and antioxidants on beef longissimus lumborum steak color stability and sensory characteristics1,2
Authors: Phelps Kelsey J , Drouillard James S , O’Quinn Travis G , Houser Terry A , Gonzalez John M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of four microalgae and antioxidant feeding regimens on beef longissimus lumborum color stability and palatability. Steers were blocked by weight and randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments fed during a 45-d feeding period. Treatments (n = 10 per treatment) consisted of a control diet (CON) and control diet plus 100 g∙steer−1∙d−1 microalgae (ALGAE), ALGAE plus antioxidants (103 IU/d vitamin E and Sel-Plex) fed throughout feeding (AOX), and AOX fed for the final 10 d of finishing (LATE). The longissimus lumborum muscle was removed, aged for 14 d, and fabricated into steaks for objective and subjective color and palatability analyses. There were treatment × day of display interactions for a* value and steak surface metmyoglobin percentage (P &lt; 0.01). There were no treatment differences through day 4 of display for a* value (P &gt; 0.16) and day 5 of display for surface metmyoglobin (P &gt; 0.10). By day 10 of display, ALGAE steaks had a smaller a* value than all other treatments (P &lt; 0.01). Steaks from AOX steers had a greater (P &lt; 0.01) a* value than CON steaks, whereas both a* values did not differ from LATE steaks (P &gt; 0.19). By the end of display, ALGAE steaks had more metmyoglobin than the other treatments (P &lt; 0.01). Steaks from AOX steers had less metmyoglobin than CON and LATE steaks (P &lt; 0.04), which did not differ (P &gt; 0.25). Treatment did not affect trained panel ratings (P &gt; 0.15); however, treatment did affect (P &lt; 0.01) off-flavor intensity. Steaks from ALGAE and AOX steers had greater off-flavor ratings than CON steaks (P &lt; 0.03), but did not differ (P = 0.10). Steaks from LATE steers did not differ in off-flavor ratings from the other treatments (P &gt; 0.07). Use of antioxidants improved color stability of steaks from microalgae fed steers; however, panelists still detected off-flavors.
Integrated behavioral health treatments: innovations to achieve population impact
Authors: Bowen Deborah J , Bao Yuhua , Sirey Jo Anne , Ratzliff Anna D H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Translational Behavioral Medicine is a journal that brings together relevant scholars and practitioners to produce articles of scientific and practical significance in a variety of fields. Here, we published a call for manuscripts detailing the study of innovations in the field of implementation of integrated care in the USA. We present 13 articles, all peer reviewed and all targeting some aspect of integrated care implementation. These articles include medical and community-based settings, as well as interventions that effectively engage peers, family members, and other social systems to support and extend care. The behavioral health conditions of interest include but were not limited to those that carry the greatest population disease burdens: depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse disorders. Examples of cross-cutting issues of high interest include research focused on provider and system barriers to integrated care implementation, interventions to improve the use of innovative treatments, disparities in access to care and quality of treatment, the intersection of behavioral health disorders and complex chronic conditions as it affects regimen adherence, health services organization and quality of care, policy effects, innovative methods using health information and mHealth technologies, and personalized/precision medicine. This introduction briefly summarizes some of the relevant topics and background literature. We close with an eye toward future research activities that will continue to advance the field and offer directions to stimulate new research questions in the area.
Lidocaine promotes autophagy of SH-SY5Y cells through inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway by upregulating miR-145
Authors: Wang Zhong , Liu Qin , Lu Jun , Cao Jian , Wang Xiao-Yan , Chen Yong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Lidocaine is one of the most common local anesthetics (LA) used in clinical practice and it is neurotoxic. Recent studies suggested that LA, including lidocaine, could exert protective effect over neurotoxicity by promoting autophagy. However, the underlying mechanism was not sufficiently elucidated. This study aimed to explore the mechanism behind. Human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y was used throughout the whole study. The effect of lidocaine on viability, toxicity of SH-SY5Y cells were analyzed by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays, respectively. The relative expression of miR-145 was assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The impact which lidocaine brought on PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and autophagy-related proteins were examined by the western blot assay. LC3B was assessed by immunofluorescence staining. The interaction between miR-145 and AKT3 was conducted by the dual-luciferase reporting assay. Lidocaine inhibited viability of SH-SY5Y cells in a time and dose dependent manner and enhanced the release of LDH in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, the expression of miR-145 and autophagy were enhanced by lidocaine. Transfection with miR-145 inhibitor inhibited the release of LDH and autophagy. miR-145 targeted AKT3 to inhibit PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Finally, lidocaine inactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways via upregulation of miR-145, and it subsequently promoted autophagy of SH-SY5Y cells. However, silence of miR-145 could reverse the promotion of the autophagy of SH-SY5Y cells. Our results showed that lidocaine promoted autophagy of nerve cells via regulating miR-145 expression and further inactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Do Magnet®-Designated Hospitals Perform Better on Medicare's Value-Based Purchasing Program?
Authors: Spaulding Aaron , Hamadi Hanadi , Moody LaRee , Lentz Luanne , Liu Xinliang (Albert) , Wu Yu (Janet) 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between a hospital's Magnet® recognition status, tenure, and its performance in the Hospital Value-Based Purchasing (HVBP) program.

BACKGROUND
Previous studies have sought to determine associations between quality of care provided in inpatient setting and the Magnet Recognition Program®; however, no study has done so using the most recent (FY2017) iteration of the HVBP program, nor determined the influence a hospital's Magnet designation tenure has on HVBP scores.

METHOD
This study used a cross-sectional study design of 2686 hospitals using propensity score matching to reduce bias and improve comparability.

RESULTS
Magnet-designated hospitals were associated with higher total performance, process of care and patient experience of care scores, and lower efficiency score. No association was identified between the length of time hospitals have been Magnet designated.

CONCLUSION
Findings suggest non-Magnet status hospitals need to consider implementing the principles of Magnet into their culture or participation in the Magnet Recognition Program to provide higher quality of care.
Integration of Advance Care Planning Into Clinical Practice
Authors: Simmons-Fields Lisa , Burgermeister Diane , Svinarich David , Hanson Patricia 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVE
This quality improvement initiative sought to develop a proactive integrated system approach to advance care planning (ACP) through leadership and colleague engagement.

BACKGROUND
Nurse leaders have the capacity to influence the professional competencies of care teams in ACP. Nurse leaders were educated on the importance of ACP, national quality metrics, resources for staff education, and ways to integrate ACP into workflows based on a population management model.

METHODS
The project design is a prospective, mixed method design.

RESULTS
Nurse leader participants demonstrated a significant increase in knowledge of the importance of ACP and evidence-based models to increase staff engagement and competency.

CONCLUSIONS
Study supports nurse leader interventions, promoted engagement of proactive ACP to honor patient choice, and aligns with the mission and vision of one of the largest national Catholic healthcare organizations of being a trusted partner for life.