bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Perceptions, Attitude and Preventive Practices of Egyptians towards COVID-19
Authors: Hassan Nadira Mansour , Shalaby Safynaz El Saied , EL-Feky Asmaa Ali , Younis Eman Ali , Attalla Asmaa Omar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is the latest global pandemic. To date, no antiviral treatment or vaccine has been explicitly recommended for it. Therefore, applying preventive measures to control its spread is the most critical intervention. Perceived risk and attitude determines population’s reaction.Objectives: study perceptions, attitude and practices towards COVID-19 among EgyptiansMethods: The study was cross-sectional using a snowball nonrandom sample from public population of Egyptian Community. They were asked to fulfill predesigned online questionnaire that was available from 16th to 24th March 2020.Results: The study included 1663 participants from all governorates of Egypt. More than half were at age group 21-30 years, 64.3% females and 85.1% students. Main source of information was social media (46.4%). Most of Participants had positive attitude and moderate degree of fear. Only 25.4% of students satisfied with distance learning, 41.4% of participants believe that they are susceptible to infection and 61% believe in seriousness of the disease. About half of participants reported that they follow preventive precautions. Majority of participants (81.3%) believe in effectiveness of these precautions. Participant’s practices were relatively satisfactory except for wearing protective masks, movement of families outside home, reducing touch of nose and eyes, and getting enough sleeping hours. Binary logistic regression identified that significant predictors of good practice were female sex, belief in susceptibility, seriousness, and effectiveness of precautions.On conclusion: Obligatory wearing of masks was an important governmental necessary step and to improve population reaction to control COVID-19, we need to promote realistic risk perceptions and effective attitudes.
What makes children learn how to swim? – Health, lifestyle and environmental factors associated with swimming ability among children in the city of Malmö, Sweden
Authors: Lõhmus Mare , Osooli Mehdi , Pilgaard Frida I H , Östergren Per-Olof , Olin Anna , Kling Stefan , Albin Maria , Björk Jonas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSwimming ability among children in the city of Malmö, Sweden is strongly affected by socioeconomic differences. We investigated to what extent mediating health and lifestyle factors, such as children’s eating, sleeping and physical activity habits, as well as the characteristics of the social and working environment at both school and home, could explain the socioeconomic gradient in swimming ability. MethodsOur study population included children who started their first-grade school-year in 2012 or 2013 at any of the public primary schools of Malmö, Sweden. Cross-sectional, self-reported questionnaire-based data about health status and swimming ability in the fourth grade (age 10) were included from the Pupil Health Database (ELSA) for 3,468 children. ResultsChildren’s self-reported swimming ability was strongly associated with both individual- and school-based sociodemographic variables. Nine health, lifestyle and environmental variables were identified as potential mediators and included in the final model. Four of these variables, “Activity”, “Outdoor time”, “Social relationships at home and on the free time”, and “Positivity about future”, were significantly and positively associated with children’s ability to swim. ConclusionsSocial support, optimism for the future and an active lifestyle were positively associated with children’s swimming skills; however, compared to the socioeconomic factors, these health- and lifestyle factors contributed very little. It is possible, that interventions concerning children’s swimming ability in lower socioeconomic neighbourhoods, should in addition to children’s swimming lessons, target the whole families with the goal of increasing their possibilities for socialising and engaging in different kinds of recreational activities.
Midwives’ Experiences With a Handover Checklist: A Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Myre Marte Østenfor , Vik Eline Skirnisdottir , Nilsen Anne Britt Vika , Aasekjær Katrine 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundQuality of care and patient safety is highly recognised and a priority within health services globally. Healthcare services in Norway are among the best in the world. Nevertheless, there is still a need for quality improvement and evaluation of the services. In healthcare, checklists have proven to reduce unwanted variation by standardising processes, which in turn contribute to increased quality in care. However, a poorly handled handover situation may be a potential threat to patient safety. To improve the quality of care, a checklist was implemented at a large maternity clinic in Norway. In the present study we explored midwives’ experiences with the use of a checklist implemented to improve the quality of the handover of mother and baby between wards and hospital shifts from birth until mother and baby are discharged from the hospital. MethodWe conducted a grounded theory (GT) study, performing one focus group interview and 13 individual interviews, including altogether 16 midwives. Years of experience as a midwife ranged from 1 to 30 years. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using open, selective and theoretical coding. ResultsThe main concern faced by the midwives was distilled down to no common understanding of the purpose of the checklist nor consensus on how to use the checklist. The generated grounded theory, individual interpretation of the checklist, involved the following three strategies that all seemed to explain how the midwives solved their main concern: following the system, evaluating the system and distancing themselves from the system. The only condition that seemed to influence a change in the use of the checklist was if a midwife experienced an adverse outcome in mother or baby, which could be related to the use of the checklist.ConclusionThe findings in this study indicate that a general lack of common understanding and consensus on the rationale for implementing a checklist resulted in an individual use of the checklist and was therefore a potential hazard to patient safety. This individual use of the checklist might have resulted in an attitude towards the checklist more as an individual tool and less as a quality improvement initiative. Findings also emphasise the importance of a clear implementation strategy supervised by the management. Further research should explore the understanding of organisational and cultural context when implementing a checklist to clinical practice.
A Preparedness Model for Mother-Baby Linked Longitudinal Surveillance for Emerging Threats
Authors: Woodworth Kate R , Reynolds Megan R , Burkel Veronica , Gates Cymone , Eckert Valorie , McDermott Catherine , Barton Jerusha , Wilburn Amanda , Halai Umme-Aiman , Brown Catherine M. , Bocour Angelica , Longcore Nicole , Orkis Lauren , Lopez Camille Delgado , Sizemore Lindsey , Ellis Esther M , Schillie Sarah , Gupta Neil , Bowen Virginia B , Torrone Elizabeth , Ellington Sascha R , Delaney Augustina , Olson Samantha M , Roth Nicole M , Whitehill Florence , Zambrano Laura D , Meaney-Delman Dana , Fehrenbach Nicole , Honein Margaret A , Tong Van T , Gilboa Suzanne M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction Public health responses often lack the infrastructure to capture the impact of public health emergencies on pregnant women and infants, with limited mechanisms for linking pregnant women with their infants nationally to monitor long-term effects. In 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in close collaboration with state, local, and territorial health departments, began a five-year initiative to establish population-based mother-baby linked longitudinal surveillance, the Surveillance for Emerging Threats to Mothers and Babies Network (SET-NET).Objectives The objective of this report is to describe an expanded surveillance approach that leverages and modernizes existing surveillance systems to address the impact of emerging health threats during pregnancy on pregnant women and their infants.Methods Mother-baby pairs are identified prospectively during pregnancy and/or retrospectively after birth of the infant. All data are obtained from existing data sources (e.g., electronic medical records, vital statistics, laboratory reports, and health department investigations and case reporting).Results Variables were selected for inclusion to address key surveillance questions proposed by CDC and health department subject matter experts. General variables include maternal demographics and health history, pregnancy and infant outcomes, maternal and infant laboratory results, and child health outcomes up to the second birthday. Exposure-specific modular variables are included for hepatitis C, syphilis, and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The system is structured into four relational datasets (maternal, pregnancy outcomes and birth, infant/child follow-up, and laboratory testing).Discussion SET-NET provides a population-based mother-baby linked longitudinal surveillance approach and has demonstrated rapid adaptation for use during COVID-19. This innovative approach leverages existing data sources and rapidly collects data to inform clinical guidance and practice. These data can help to reduce exposure risk and adverse outcomes among pregnant women and their infants, direct public health action, and strengthen public health systems.
METTL3-Mediated m6A mRNA Modification of FBXW7 Suppresses Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wu Yingtong , Chang Ning , Zhang Yong , Zhang Xinxin , Xu Leidi , Che Yinggang , Qiao Tianyun , Wu Bin , Zhou Ying , Jiang Jun , Xiong Jie , Zhang Jian , Zhang Jian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFBXW7 m6A modification plays an important role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.MethodsThe correlation between FBXW7 and various genes related to m6A modification was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The regulatory effects of METTL3 on FBXW7 mRNA m6A modification were examined in a cell model, and the underlying mechanism was determined by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter, and mutagenesis assays. In vitro experiments were performed to further explore the biological effects of METTL3-mediated FBXW7 m6A modification on LUAD development.ResultsDecreased FBXW7 expression was accompanied by downregulated METTL3 expression in human LUAD tissues and was associated with a worse prognosis for LUAD in The Cancer Genome Atlas database. m6A was highly enriched in METTL3-mediated FBXW7 transcripts, and increased m6A modification in the coding sequence region increased its translation. Functionally, METTL3 overexpression or knockdown affected the apoptosis and proliferation phenotype of LUAD cells by regulating FBXW7 m6A modification and expression. Furthermore, FBXW7 overexpression in METTL3-depleted cells partially restored the suppression of LUAD cells in vitro and in vivo.ConclusionsOur findings reveal that METTL3 positively regulates FBXW7 expression and confirm the tumor-suppressive role of m6A-modiﬁed FBXW7, thus providing insight into its epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in LUAD initiation and development.
Wrist Function Recovery Course in Patients with Scaphoid Nonunion Treated with Combined Volar Bone Grafting and a Dorsal Antegrade Headless Screw
Authors: Yeh Chen-Wei , Hsu Cheng-En , Wang Wei-Chih , Chiu Yung-Cheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives:Surgical treatment is necessary for scaphoid nonunion. Open surgery with a combined volar and dorsal approach is thought to have poor functional outcomes and a prolonged recovery course. However, the detailed recovery course for this approach is rarely reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the recovery course and radiographic outcome for patients with scaphoid nonunion who underwent a combined volar bone grafting and dorsal antegrade headless screw approach.Material and methods:Eighteen patients with scaphoid nonunion who underwent combined volar bone grafting and dorsal antegrade headless screw fixation were enrolled in this retrospective study. Preoperative and serial postoperative wrist functional and radiographic outcomes were collected and analysed.Results:All 18 patients achieved bone union at a mean time of 14 weeks. Compared to the preoperative status, the grip strength was significantly recovered, and the Mayo wrist score improved significantly 6 months after surgery. Wrist motion arc was significantly improved 9 months after surgery, while the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score did not recover until 12 months after surgery. Significant improvements were found in all scaphoid radiographic parameters.Conclusion:The surgical outcomes for scaphoid nonunion treated with a combined volar bone grafting and dorsal antegrade headless screw achieved a high union rate, with great wrist functional and radiographic outcomes. The earliest recovered wrist functional parameters were grip strength and Mayo wrist score followed by the motion arc and finally the DASH score at postoperative 6, 9 months and 12 months, respectively.
Biomechanical Effect of 3D-Printed Foot Orthoses in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Lin Kuang-Wei , Chou Li-Wei , Su Yi-Tien , Wei Shun-Hwa , Chen Chen-Sheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Lateral wedges comprise a common conservative treatment for medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, use of lateral wedges might increases the ankle eversion moment. To minimize the risk of ankle joint, lateral wedges with custom arch support are suggested. However, the manufacturing process of a custom foot orthosis (FO) is complicated, labor intensive, and time consuming. The technology of 3D printing is an ideal method for mass customization. Therefore. the purpose of this study was to develop custom FOs using 3D printing techniques and to evaluate the biomechanical effects of 3D-printed FOs in patients with medial knee OA.Methods: Fifteen patients with medial knee OA were enrolled into this study. Kinematic and kinetic data were collected during walking by using an optical motion capture system. A paired-sample t-test was conducted to compare biomechanical variables under two conditions: walking in standard shoes (Shoe) and walking in shoes embedded with 3D-printed FOs (Shoe + FO).Results: Under the Shoe + FO condition, the center of pressure at the peak knee adduction moment significantly shifted laterally by 2.71 mm compared with the Shoe condition. No significant difference in the peak knee flexion moment was observed between the two conditions. In addition, both the first and second peak knee adduction moments were significantly reduced by 4.08% and 9.09% under the Shoe + FO condition. The 3D-printed FOs did not affect the ankle eversion moment but caused a decrease in the peak ankle inversion moment.Conclusions: The 3D-printed FOs caused a decrease in the ankle inversion moment, the first and second peak knee adduction moments by changing the center of pressure path laterally. Although the decrease in the knee flexion moment from the use of 3D-printed FOs was nonsignificant, such FOs engender biomechanical changes and positively influence the biomechanics of patients with knee OA.
Vehicular Trajectory Estimation Utilizing Slip Angle Based on GNSS&nbsp;Doppler/IMU
Authors: Takikawa Kanamu , Atsumi Yoshiki , Takanose Aoki , Meguro Junichi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Accurate vehicular trajectory estimation is important for the recently developed autonomous driving systems. As the accuracy of the vehicular trajectory estimation is reduced with the slippage that occurs during turning, we propose a method in this study to accurately estimate the trajectory of a vehicle, focusing on the slip angle estimation. Although the two-wheel model is used as a general concept slip angle estimation, the accurate estimation of the parameters was difficult using the conventional methods. Therefore, a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) Doppler was used for parameter estimation. In addition, the roll angle was estimated as it occurs during turning and affects the slip angle of the vehicle. Specifically, we verified the improvement in accuracy of the vehicular trajectory estimation using the cost-effective GNSS Doppler/inertial measurement unit.
Analysis on the Trend of AIDS Incidence in Zhejiang, China Based on the Age-Period-Cohort Model from 2004 to 2018
Authors: Lu Zhenzhen , Ji Weidong , Yin Yi , Jin Xinye , Wang Lu , Li Zhongjie , Wang Ning , Wang Kai , Peng Zhihang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To predict the trend of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) in specific age groups and to determine the objective population for AIDS screening, we explored the three transmission routes (homosexual transmission, heterosexual transmission, drug injection and others) and characterized each patients group using the Age-Period-Cohort(APC) model based on the whole, local and immigrant populations in Zhejiang, China.Methods: The data recruited in this paper was obtained from the national "Comprehensive AIDS Prevention and Control Information System - Antiviral Therapy Management" database and the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System and the Statistical Yearbook of Zhejiang, China. An APC model was used to estimate the impact of age, period and cohort on the incidence rate of AIDS, and to predict the AIDS incidence rate in specific age groups based on sexes and transmission routes.Results: The AIDS incidence rate peaked in males between 20 and 35 years old; the incidence rate of males was higher than that of females due to the impact of period; obvious cohort effect was observed among the immigrants. In the whole and local populations, the incidence rates of males in all age groups and females in both the 35-year-old group and the whole age group were predicted to increase sharply in five years. In the immigrant population, the AIDS incidence rates of males and females in all age groups were expected to increase significantly in five years; influenced by age, the incidence of AIDS through homosexual transmission peaked between 20 and 35 years old in the whole and local populations; under the influence of period, the incidence of AIDS via homosexual transmission in the whole and local populations increased and remained stable after 2015, and the incidence of AIDS transmitted by homosexual and heterosexual routes in the immigrants also showed an increasing trend. As a result of the cohort effect, the incidence of AIDS transmitted through homosexual route among the whole and local populations peaked in 1990; the incidence of AIDS in all age groups through different transmission routes would show an upward trend over the next five years.Conclusions: The results elucidate that there are sex differences in AIDS incidence rate, and the incidence of AIDS through various transmission routes in all groups is predicted to exhibit an upward trend in the five years to come. Effective intervention strategies should be developed and implemented by the public health departments in Zhejiang to control the epidemic of AIDS.
Three-Dimensional Culture and Characterization of Patient-Derived Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Organoids
Authors: Wang Li , Zhang Xiujuan , Feng Xiaoyu , Duan Chen , Luo Jiqin , Zhu Bijun , Yu Hongmeng , Yu Yiqun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor with high incidence in East and Southeast Asia. A proper and effective model is urgently needed to explore the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and provide new ideas and methods of cancer treatment.Methods: In this study, we established a three-dimensional (3D) organoid model by patient-derived NPC tissues and adjacent tissues. We described a detailed protocol for culturing of human NPC organoids (including tissue preparation, digestion, culture, subculture, section and immunostaining). The organoids were identified by immunostaining against NPC biomarkers. The drug sensitivity against cisplatin was tested by immunostaining against Ki67 and cleaved Caspase 3.Results: This method was proved to be feasible due to the presence of biomarkers including Vimentin, P63, EGFR and CK34βE12 as well as proliferative/progenitor characteristics such as Ki67, Sox2 and CD54 in NPC organoids. The chemotherapy sensitivity of NPC organoids to cisplatin treatment showed that NPC organoids may be utilized as a platform to verify the effectiveness of different antineoplastic drugs, facilitating to achieve personalized treatment.Conclusions: The NPC organoid may inspire a personalized approach to the management of NPC and expand the repertoire of anti-NPC drugs.
Synthesis and characterization of Eu3+ doped TiO2 thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis technique for photocatalytic application
Authors: Alshomar Shereen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this study, nanocrystalline TiO 2 : Eu 3+ thin films are successfully formed by spray pyrolysis technique deposited on glass substrate. Optical, electrical, structure, surface morphology, and photocatalytic degradation of Methylene blue have been examined. The optical properties of the films are analyzed using transmittance and reflectance spectra, which are measured using UV-Vis-NIR double-beam spectrophotometer. Optical properties such as refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (k), optical conductivity (σ) and Urbach energy (E u ) have been calculated as a function of Eu 3+ concentration. Film thickness were evaluated using the refractive index dependence on wavelength . The films thickness were determined as 97.13, 122.62, 123.24, 117.14 and 128.25 nm, respectively, for Eu doped TiO 2 at 0,4, 6, 8 and 10 wt % doping concentration. The band gap values raised from 3.29 to 3.42 eV with increasing the Eu 3+ dopant concentration. The highest electrical conductivity was found to be 3.01x10 -2 (Ω.cm) -1 at high doping level with 10 wt% Eu 3+ . The XRD analysis illustrate the tetragonal crystal structure of films with anatase phase and reduces crystallite size linearly with increasing Eu 3+ concentration. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated consistent allocation of irregular and spherical shaped grains covering the substrate surface. The average grain size in range of 82.5 – 51.1 nm is observed and films show porous nature. The photocatalytic effect of TiO 2 : Eu 3+ thin films is predicted from the degradation of methylene blue (MB) at room temperature under UV light irradiation. An enhancement in photocatalytic degradation observed by increasing the amount of Eu 3+ due to increase in the e/h pair production and increase of ﬁlm thickness. These results make TiO 2 : Eu 3+ thin films as attractive candidate for photovoltaic cells and other optoelectronic device applications