bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meaningful Activities and Recovery (MA&R): the effect of a novel rehabilitation intervention among persons with psychiatric disabilities on activity engagement—study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bjørkedal Siv Therese Bogevik , Bejerholm Ulrika , Eplov Lene Falgaard , Møller Tom 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Engagement in activities meaningful to the individual may support the process of recovery in those with mental illness. Persons with psychiatric disabilities may reduce their engagement in meaningful activities to various degrees with possible fluctuations over time. We hypothesized that activity engagement can be altered when opportunities and support are offered at an individual and a group peer-based level. Evidence is lacking regarding mental health interventions that enable engagement in meaningful activities, and powered effect studies are warranted.

Methods
We propose an 8-month combined individual and group peer-based intervention, Meaningful Activities and Recovery (MA&R), and a study protocol for a multicentre two-armed parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT). The trial investigates the effects of MA&R in community mental health centres in Copenhagen and municipality services in Denmark. The trial will comprise 128 participants with psychiatric disabilities who will be randomized to one of two groups: (1) MA&R in addition to standard mental healthcare or (2) standard mental healthcare alone. The primary outcome is self-reported activity engagement, measured by Profiles of Engagement in People with Severe Mental Illness. Secondary outcomes are recovery, functioning and quality of life. Data will be collected at baseline and at follow-up at the end of the intervention.

Discussion
This study adds new knowledge to a field with limited evidence, i.e. the clinical effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions among people with psychiatric disabilities, directly targeting activity engagement. The pragmatic design, regarding in- and exclusion criteria and settings, may allow assessment of the intervention’s effect under real-life conditions. The randomization, adequate power and fidelity monitoring allow testing of the intervention’s efficacy. The multicentre study design increases the potential for implementation in various mental health settings if the findings are positive. As the nature of the intervention does not permit blinding of the participants or staff, it may increase the risk of expectancy and performance bias. This must be considered when interpreting the findings.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03963245. Registered on 29 May 2019
Acne keloidalis nuchae and hypertension in black subjects: a case–control study
Authors: Saka Bayaki , Teclessou Julienne Noude , Akakpo Sefako Abla , Pessinaba Soulemane , Gnossike Piham , Mahamadou Garba , Kassang Panawé , Mouhari-Toure Abas , Kombate Koussake , Pitché Palokinam 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this case–control study was to look for an association between hypertension and acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) in black subjects.

Results
We recruited 303 consenting subjects comprising 101 patients with AKN and 202 controls, case-matched by age (± 5 years). The mean patients age was 34.9 ± 10.7 years versus 35.6 ± 11.2 years for controls. The average duration of AKN progression in cases prior to consultation was 1831 days (5 years). The most frequently observed AKN lesions were papules (73/101; 72.3%), fibrous scars (42/101; 41.6%) and folliculitis/pustules (41/101; 40.6%). In terms of quality of life, the mean score of dermatology life quality index was 8.3 ± 5.2 (extremes: 0 to 22). In multivariate analysis, having a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or more (OR = 4.91; p < 0.001) and having systolic hypertension (OR = 1.22; p = 0.010) were associated with AKN.
Therapeutic application of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in diabetic foot
Authors: Zhao Xiansheng , Guo Jiamin , Zhang Fangfang , Zhang Jue , Liu Delin , Hu Wenjun , Yin Han , Jin Liang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDiabetic foot is one of the severest complications of diabetes. In severe cases, this disease may be lead to amputation or even death due to secondary infection and ischemic necrosis. Since the ineffectiveness of traditional therapy, autologous stem cell transplantation has been used to treat diabetic foot. This simple, safe, and effective therapy is expected to be applied and promoted in the future.In this review, we described the detailed pathogenesis of diabetic foot and the common clinical treatments currently used. We also revealed vascular remodeling as the potential mechanism of therapeutic functions of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in treating diabetic foot.
Immune responses upon experimental Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection of naïve and vaccinated chickens
Authors: Wattrang Eva , Eriksson Helena , Jinnerot Tomas , Persson Maria , Bagge Elisabeth , Söderlund Robert , Naghizadeh Mohammad , Dalgaard Tina Sørensen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractErysipelas, a disease caused byErysipelothrix rhusiopathiae(ER), is an increasing problem in laying hens housed in cage-free systems. This study aimed to monitor immune responses during ER infection of naïve chickens and chickens vaccinated intra muscularly with a commercial inactivated ER vaccine. Chickens were infected intra muscularly with ER at 30 days of age and blood leukocyte counts, serum levels of mannose binding lectin (MBL) and ER-specific IgY were monitored until the experiment was terminated at day 15 after infection. ER was detected in blood from more chickens and at higher bacterial counts in the naïve group (day 1: 1 of 7 chickens; day 3: 6 of 6 chickens) than in the vaccinated group (day 1: 0 of 7 chickens; day 3: 1 of 6 chickens). During the acute phase of infection transient increases in circulating heterophil numbers and serum MBL levels were detected in all ER infected chickens but these responses were prolonged in chickens from the naïve group compared to vaccinated chickens. Before infection IgY titers to ER in vaccinated chickens did not differ significantly from those of naïve chickens but vaccinated chickens showed significantly increased IgY titers to ER earlier after infection compared to chickens in the naïve group. In conclusion, the ER infection elicited prompt acute innate responses in all chickens. Vaccinated chickens did not have high IgY titers to ER prior to infection but did however show lower levels of bacteraemia and their acute immune responses were of shorter duration.
Uncertainty promotes information-seeking actions, but what information?
Authors: Keller Ashlynn M. , Taylor Holly A. , Brunyé Tad T. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNavigating an unfamiliar city almost certainly brings out uncertainty about getting from place to place. This uncertainty, in turn, triggers information gathering. While navigational uncertainty is common, little is known about what type of information people seek when they are uncertain. The primary choices for information types with environments include landmarks (distal or local), landmark configurations (relation between two or more landmarks), and a distinct geometry, at least for some environments. Uncertainty could lead individuals to more likely seek one of these information types. Extant research informs both predictions about and empirical work exploring this question. This review covers relevant cognitive literature and then suggests empirical approaches to better understand information-seeking actions triggered by uncertainty. Notably, we propose that examining continuous navigation data can provide important insights into information seeking. Benefits of continuous data will be elaborated through one paradigm, spatial reorientation, which intentionally induces uncertainty through disorientation and cue conflict. While this and other methods have been used previously, data have primarily reflected only the final choice. Continuous behavior during a task can better reveal the cognition-action loop contributing to spatial learning and decision making.
Otolith microchemistry reveals the migration patterns of the flathead grey mullet Mugil cephalus (Pisces: Mugilidae) in Korean waters
Authors: Bae Seung Eun , Kim Jin-Koo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The flathead grey mullet Mugil cephalus has the widest distribution among mugilid species. Recent studies based on mitochondrial DNA sequences showed that the species comprises at least 14 different groups, three of which occur in the northwest Pacific. We analyzed the otolith microchemistry of M. cephalus at several locations in Korea to improve understanding of migration pattern and population origin.

Results
We collected 123 sagittal otoliths from seven locations and determined their concentrations of eight elements (7Li, 24Mg, 55Mn, 57Fe, 60Ni, 63Cu, 88Sr, and 138Ba) using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Mean otolith elemental ratios differed significantly among the locations. The Sr:Ca, Fe:Ca, and Ba:Ca ratios were significantly higher than others, and useful chemical signatures for investigating the habitat use of M. cephalus populations. We identified five diverse and complicated migration patterns using the otolith data that we collected: estuarine resident (type I), freshwater migrant (type II), estuarine migrant (type III), seawater resident (type IV), and seawater migrant (type V). A canonical discriminant analysis plot revealed separation of two groups (type II in the Yellow Sea vs. other types in remaining locations). Two locations on Jeju Island, despite their close proximity, had fish with quite different migration patterns, corroborating previous molecular studies that distinguished two groups of fishes.

Conclusion
We successfully showed that the migration patterns of the Korean mullet varied by location. Only fish from the western sector of Jeju had a unique migration pattern, which is likely confined population in this area. Among the eight otolith elements measured, the Sr:Ca ratio was found to be the best indicator of migration pattern and population origin.
Hepatotoxicity and biochemical evaluation of a novel breakfast food produced from the blend of fonio (Digitaria iburua Stapf) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh) in albino rats
Authors: Babarinde Grace O. , Ebun Akos A. , Adegbola Peter I. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The production of novel foods from underutilized nutritious tropical crops is increasing; however, the toxicological studies are sparse. In this study, the safety of the breakfast food produced from the blend of fonio and pigeon pea was examined by evaluating the biochemical and toxicological parameters of the breakfast food using Wistar albino rats. Twenty male Wistar albino rats subdivided into 4 groups of 5 were separately fed with four food samples (100% fonio, 80:20 fonio:pigeon pea, standard rat feed (control) and a commercial brand of corn flake) for 28 days after which the animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected for analyses. Body weight, blood glucose, biochemical, and hematological parameters were examined during the experimental period.

Results
The feeding of rats with the four diets did not cause mortality and adverse toxicity during the experimental period. Steady body weight gain was observed in fonio-pigeon pea fed rats, and slight changes were obtained in percentage blood glucose. There was no significant difference in the levels of white blood cells, lymphocytes, mean corpuscular volume, platelet, high-density lipoprotein, catalase, SOD, and malondialdehyde of the group fed with fonio-pigeon pea diet as compared with the control group. Furthermore, significant (p < 0.05) lower levels of density lipoprotein, triacylglyceride, and cholesterol were observed in the fonio-pigeon pea-fed rats than the control group. The liver function marker of fonio-pigeon pea-fed-rat and the control showed no significant difference.

Conclusion
The study showed no severe toxicity in the test animals, although a mild loss of liver parenchyma and variation in size and shape of nuclei were observed in the group fed with the fonio-pigeon pea diet.
Revascularization of a single-kidney occluded stent for renal salvage complicated by guide wire distal artery perforation and reperfusion injury
Authors: Pastroma Angeliki , Spiliopoulos Stavros , Palialexis Konstantinos , Reppas Lazaros , Brountzos Elias 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The complexity of the case, including the rarefied simultaneous occurrence of complications—iatrogenic, as well as reperfusion injury, invite reporting and publication.

Case presentation
A 39-year-old woman with a single-functioning left kidney, previous left renal artery stenting (RAS), and known hypercoagulopathy was hospitalized for flash pulmonary edema, elevated serum creatinine (9.7 mg/dl), and refractory hypertension. She was subsequently referred to our center [2] for endovascular treatment of acute renal ischemia (AKI) due to RAS occlusion.
Periprocedural complications of guide-wire arterial perforation and reperfusion injury resulted in life-threatening hemorrhage.

Conclusions
Following more than 48 h of hypoperfusion of the left kidney, revascularization of the thrombosed RAS was successfully attempted with selective, trans-catheter thrombolysis, and balloon angioplasty. Ultra-selective, nephron-sparing coil embolization was successfully performed. The patient’s creatinine level decreased to 2.8 mg/dl at 12 days and to 1.5 mg/dl at 3 months. After 1 year of follow-up, the stent remains patent, and the patient is asymptomatic with stable renal function.
Hip Structural Analysis Reveals Impaired Hip Geometry in Girls With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Joseph Taïsha V , Caksa Signe , Misra Madhusmita , Mitchell Deborah M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Context
Among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), the risk of hip fracture is up to 6-fold greater than that of the general population. However, the cause of this skeletal fragility remains poorly understood.

Objective
To assess differences in hip geometry and imaging-based estimates of bone strength between youth with and without T1D using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-based hip structural analysis.

Design
Cross-sectional comparison.

Participants
Girls ages 10 to 16 years, including n = 62 with T1D and n = 61 controls.

Results
The groups had similar age, bone age, pubertal stage, height, lean mass, and physical activity. Bone mineral density at the femoral neck and total hip did not differ in univariate comparisons but was lower at the femoral neck in T1D after adjusting for bone age, height, and lean mass. Subjects with T1D had significantly lower cross-sectional area, cross-sectional moment of inertia, section modulus, and cortical thickness at the narrow neck, with deficits of 5.7% to 10.3%. Cross-sectional area was also lower at the intertrochanteric region in girls with T1D. Among those T1D subjects with HbA1c greater than the cohort median of 8.5%, deficits in hip geometry and strength estimates were more pronounced.

Conclusions
DXA-based hip structural analysis revealed that girls with T1D have unfavorable geometry and lower estimates of bone strength at the hip, which may contribute to skeletal fragility and excess hip fracture risk in adulthood. Higher average glycemia may exacerbate effects of T1D on hip geometry.
A Model of Multipass Search: Price Search Across Stores and Time
Authors: Mojir Navid , Sudhir K. 
Published: September 2020

In retail settings with price promotions, consumers often search across stores and time. However, the search literature typically only models one pass search across stores, ignoring revisits to stores; the choice literature using scanner data has modeled search across time, but not search across stores in the same model. We develop a multipass search model that jointly endogenizes search in both dimensions; our model nests a finite horizon model of search across stores within an infinite horizon model of intertemporal search. We apply our model to milk purchases at grocery stores; hence, the model also accounts for repeat purchases across time, inventory holding by households, and grocery basket effects. We note that the special case without these additional features can be used to study one-time purchases with repeat store visits as in the case of durable goods and online shopping. We formulate the empirical model as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints and estimate it allowing for latent class heterogeneity using an iterative expectation-maximization algorithm. In contrast to extant research, we find that omitting the temporal dimension underestimates price elasticity. We attribute this difference to the relative frequency of household stockouts and purchase frequency in the milk category. Interestingly, increasing the promotional frequency (while reducing its depth to maintain the mean and variance of prices across all stores) can increase loyalty to the household’s preferred store. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Komunikasi efektif komunitas rumah baca dalam meningkatkan minat baca pada anak-anak di dusun Kanoman
Authors: Paramitha Aniendhita 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dilatar belakangi bahwa minat baca anak-anak di Dusun Kanoman masih rendah. Keberadaan Komunitas Rumah Baca (RBK) sendiri juga di katakan belum berjalan secara efektif. Hal ini dikarenakan Komunitas Rumah Baca (RBK) belum lama berpindah di Dusun Kanoman, volunter yang over load pekerjaan, dan sebagian besar tidak bisa berbahasa Jawa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana komunikasi efektif Komunitas Rumah Baca (RBK) dalam meningkatkan minat baca pada anak-anak di Dusun Kanoman.Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data didapatkan dari hasil wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah menggunakan model analisis interaktif Miles dan Huberman dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Komunitas Rumah Baca (RBK) dikatakan mampu meningkatkan minat baca anak-anak di Dusun Kanoman. Hal ini terbukti bahwa anak-anak mulai berkeinginan untuk membaca dan meminjam buku di komunitas. Komunitas juga menerapkan prisip komunikasi efektif yang disingkat REACH. Ada hambatan yang dialami dari pihak komunitas maupun anak-anak, namun hambatan itu dapat diatasi.
Survey of senior frontline clinicians regarding the quality of information technology across the UK
Authors: Deo Sunny 
Published: September 2020

Background/Aims The quality of information technology (IT) services is key to effective healthcare delivery. However, the high aspirations of health ministers for IT services in hospitals may not be aligned with clinicians' perceptions. This study aimed to assess frontline clinicians' perceptions of the quality of IT services in their institutions. Methods The British Orthopaedics Directors Society online forum was used to invite a group of trauma and orthopaedic clinical leads from a range of hospitals to complete a short questionnaire regarding their perceptions of IT service quality in their practice. Results Negative perceptions of IT service quality were found to be common, with 45% of respondents rating their trusts' overall IT quality as poor or very poor. Of these, 13% deemed their trust's IT service quality to be so poor as to put patients at increased risk. Wide disparities were also reported between respondents' ratings of IT infrastructure quality and institutional responsiveness to concerns. Conclusions This small initial evaluation highlights concerning variations in clinicians' perceptions of IT service quality across different trusts. It also suggests the need for further, more detailed assessment and monitoring of IT quality improvement, for which the same questionnaire method may be useful.
Evaluation of three different techniques for measuring wound area in diabetic foot ulcers: a reproducibility study
Authors: Toygar Ismail , Simsir Ilgin Yildirim , Cetinkalp Sevki 
Published: September 2020

Objective: Wound surface area can be measured with several assessment tools, including a manual planimetric method, ImageJ software and three-dimensional wound measurement (3DWM) methods. This study aimed to determine the advantages of each method as well as the concordance between them. Method: This reproducibility study included adult patient volunteers with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Wounds with ambiguous borders were excluded. All included wounds were sequentially assessed with each of the three measurement methods, and the time for each measurement was recorded with a chronometer. SPSS and MedCalc package software were used for all statistical analyses. Results: A total of 20 patients with 20 DFUs took part in the study. According to the measurement method, the average wound area was 6.41cm2 by the manual planimetric method, 6.53cm2 by ImageJ and 6.32cm2 by 3DWM. Correlation analyses revealed correlation coefficients of 0.997 between the manual planimetric method and ImageJ, 0.929 between the manual planimetric method and 3DWM, and 0.929 between ImageJ and 3DWM. Bland–Altman analysis was used to determine whether these three measurement methods could be used interchangeably. There was no significant difference between the three measurement methods and, therefore, it was concluded that they could be used interchangeably. Wound area measurement times were 173.35±19.38 seconds by the manual planimetric method, 61.60±9.21 seconds by ImageJ and 36.90±6.91 seconds by the 3DWM method. Conclusion: The three measurement methods studied can be used interchangeably, as each method is highly concordant with the other two. The fastest method was 3DWM and the manual planimetric method was the slowest.
Intraguide mode conversions of silica-on-silicon transfer waveguides and SOI tapered structures for highly efficient chip-fiber butt coupling
Authors: Yu Ting , Sun DeGui , Chen Zhuo , Li Tiancheng 
Published: September 2020

An advanced fiber-waveguide coupling scheme is crucial to the effective developments and applications of silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide photonic integrated chips. In this paper, a regime of the mode conversions within guided channels is investigated to realize a highly efficient fiber-chip coupling with a silica-on-silicon (SOS) transfer waveguide that can be realized with the local oxidation of silicon (LOCOS) technique. With this regime, the optical-field overlap process of two optical guided modes between the fiber and the SOI waveguide through a gap is simplified to the two loss contributions: (i) the ultralow coupling loss of the fiber-SOS transfer waveguide and (ii) the Fresnel loss of the SOS transfer waveguide and an SOI tapered structure. As a result, all the mode conversions in this system are operated within the guided channels, so it is referred to as an intraguide mode conversion. Further, the overall mode conversion efficiency of such a fiber-SOS-SOI system is modeled, in which the three key processes, the fiber-SOS gap mode conversion, the SOS-SOI interface mode conversion, and the SOI taper profile mode conversion, are individually investigated and optimized. The simulation values and the experimental results are agreeable with each other for both fiber-SOS waveguide coupling loss and fiber-SOI waveguide coupling loss. Consequently, a fiber-chip butt-coupling loss of 0.8–1.0 dB/facet is demonstrated. Finally, the conditions for realizing the effective LOCOS structure and process are discussed.