bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Improve Cell Survival Rate and Reduce Oxidative Injury in Cryopreservation of Agapanthus Praecox Embryogenic Callus
Authors: Ren Li , Deng Shan , Chu Yunxia , Zhang Yiying , Zhao Hong , Chen Hairong , Zhang Di 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Cryopreservation is the best way for long-term preservation of plant germplasm resources. The preliminary studies found that ROS-induced oxidative stress and ice-induced membrane damage are the fundamental causes of cell death in cryopreserved samples. How to improve plant cryopreservation survival rate is an important scientific issue in the cryobiology field.Results: This study found that the survival rate was significantly improved by adding single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to plant vitrification solution (PVS) in cryopreservation of Agapanthus praecox embryogenic callus (EC), and analyzed the oxidative response of cells during the control and SWCNTs-added cryopreservation protocol. The SWCNTs entered EC at the step of dehydration, and mainly located around the cell wall and in the vesicles, and most of SWCNTs moved out of EC during dilution step. Combined with the physiological and quantitative gene expression results, SWCNTs affect ROS signal transduction and the antioxidant system in plant cryopreservation. The EC treated with SWCNTs exhibited higher antioxidant levels, including POD, CAT and GSH than the control group EC. EC mainly depended on AsA-GSH and GPX cycle to scavenge H2O2 in the control cryopreservation, but depended on CAT in the SWCNTs-added cryopreservation which lead to low levels of H2O2 and MDA. Elevated antioxidant status in dehydration by addition of SWCNTs enhanced cells resistance to cryoinjury. The ROS signals of EC were balanced and stable in the SWCNTs-added cryopreservation.Conclusions: SWCNTs regulated the oxidative stress response of EC during cryopreservation, and controlled cell oxidative damage via the maintenance of ROS homeostasis to achieve high survival rate after cryopreservation. This study is the first time to systematically describe the role of carbon nanomaterials in the regulation of plant oxidative stress response, and provided a novel insight into cell stress response mechanisms in cryopreservation.
Multispectral and X-ray Images for Characterization of Jatropha Curcas L. Seed Quality
Authors: Bianchini Vitor J , Mascarin Gabriel M , Silva Lúcia CAS , Arthur Valter , Carstensen Jean M , Boelt Birte , Silva Clíssia Barboza da 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Jatropha curcas is an oilseed plant with great potential for biodiesel production. In agricultural industry, the seed quality is still estimated by manual inspection, using destructive, time-consuming and subjective tests that depend on the seed analyst experience. Recent advances in machine vision combined with artificial intelligence algorithms can provide spatial and spectral information for characterization of biological images, reducing subjectivity and optimizing the analysis process.Results: We present a new method for automatic characterization of jatropha seed quality, based on multispectral imaging (MSI) combined with X-ray imaging. We propose an approach along with X-ray images in order to investigate internal problems such as damages in the embryonic axis and endosperm, considering the fact that seed surface profiles can be negatively affected, but without reaching important internal regions of the seeds. Our studies included the application of a normalized canonical discriminant analyses (nCDA) algorithm as a supervised transformation building method to classify spatial and spectral patters according to the classes of seed quality. Spectral reflectance signatures in a range of 780 to 970 nm and the X-ray images can efficiently predict quality traits such as normal seedlings, abnormal seedlings and dead seeds.Conclusions: MSI and X-ray images have a strong relationship with physiological performance of Jatropha curcas L. These techniques can be alternative methods for rapid, efficient, sustainable and non-destructive characterization of jatropha seed quality in the future, overcoming the intrinsic subjectivity of the conventional seed quality analysis.
Genetic Basis of Relationship Between Yield and its Component Traits in Rice Revealed by Genome-Wide Association and Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Su Jing , Xu Kai , Wu Chao , Li Zirong , Hu Zhongli , Zheng Xingfei , Song Sufeng , Tang Wenbang , Tang Zhonghai , Li Lanzhi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRice yield has a complex genetic architecture, which mainly determined by its three component traits: the number of grains per panicle (GPP), kilo-grain weight (KGW) and tillers per plant (TP). Exploring ideotype breeding based on selection for genetically less complex component traits is an alternative route for further improving rice production. Thus, it is important that studying the genetic basis of relationship between rice yield and component traits and clarifying the effects of each component trait on yield. Main textIn this study, we carried out meta-analyses of genome-wide association study (Meta-GWAS) with two population (575 + 1495 F1) in different environment for yield and its three component traits in rice. Totally, 3589 significant loci for three components traits were detected, while only 3 significant loci for yield were detected. It indicated that rice yield is mainly controlled by minor-effect loci and hardly to be identified. Selecting quantitative trait locus (QTL)/gene affected component traits to further enhance yield is recommended. A Mendelian randomization (MR) design was adopted to further estimate the causal relationship between rice yield and its component traits. Both GPP (Beta=0.086, 95% CI: 0.030~0.141, P=0.003) and TP (Beta=1.865, 95% CI: 1.035~2.694, P<0.0001) has a positive causal relationship with yield, but no significant relationship between KGW and yield (Beta=0.456, 95% CI: -0.119~1.031, P=0.120) was observed. Additionally, TP (Beta=1.865) has a greater effect on yield than GPP (Beta=0.086). Four significant loci for TP and GPP with indirect effect on yield were identified. Pyramiding superior alleles of the four loci revealed improved yield. A combination of direct and indirect effects may better contribute to the yield potential of rice.ConclusionsOur results suggested rice production would improve by ideotype breeding based on selection for GPP and TP. By studying the nature and strength of the relationship between yield and its components, provide genetic insights for further improving rice yield potential.
Comparison of pre-operative ultrasonography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography with intra-operative surgical findings among patients suspicious to choledocholithiasis.
Authors: Samanta Pulak Kumar , Bakshi Sabyasachi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Choledocholithiasis with cholelithiasis is a common problem in the middle and older age group people . Aim of this study is to assess the usefulness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis in resource poor set up.METHODS: After matching the inclusion and exclusion criteria, all cases of diagnosed Choledocholithiasis were taken for this prospective, single center, observational study.RESULTS: Out of total 130 subjects, 41 were male and 89 were female. Increased incidence of choledocholithiasis was found in females (M: F= 1: 2.08). The mean age of presentation was 49.27 ± 10.60 years. Ultrasonography was able to diagnose CBD stones in 57patients (43.84%) and ductal dilatation in 89(68.46%). Whereas, MRCP detected CBD stones in 112 (86.15%).Cholelithiasis was associated with choledocholithiasis in 108 patients (83.07%). CONCLUSIONS: In the evaluation of choledocholithiasis, in our study particularly trans-abdominal USG seemed to have a lower yield than expected for accuracy in determining choledocholithiasis when compared to MRCP and Intra-operative findings. So a negative USG in a particular may not exclude choledocholithiasis. So,MRCP is the ‘investigation of choice’ among the suspicious patients for CBD stone disease. That is why prior to cholecystectomy in symptomatic patients with deranged LFT, MRCP always to be done, to detect the missed stone in CBD.
A model for survival rate projection of Covid19 patients
Authors: Madalli Devika P. , Gajbe Sagar Bhimrao , Gopalji  , Kumar Akhilesh Ajith 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The novel coronavirus has been declared a worldwide pandemic. The pandemic has unleashed health as well as economic devastation across the world. In view of this, various governments, researchers and agencies are trying to work towards solutions to control the spread of the virus. There are many studies that have been initiated that consider the various parameters that contribute to the spread of the virus. We present a model to predict the survival rate of Covid19 infected patients. The study takes into consideration death rate (normal) and Covid infection death rate in India. Other factors considered are the number of infections and active infection numbers. We also incorporate a ‘learning module’ to learn from the observed error rate. We compute the moving average of error which is then deployed to minimise projection error in the model. The factor obtained from the learning is deployed into the survival rate computation to achieve best results.
The COVID-19 Gene and Drug Set Library
Authors: Kuleshov Maxim V. , Clarke Daniel J.B. , Kropiwnicki Eryk , Jagodnik Kathleen M. , Bartal Alon , Evangelista John E. , Zhou Abigail , Ferguson Laura B. , Lachmann Alexander , Ma'ayan Avi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The coronavirus (CoV) severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has received rapid response by the research community to offer suggestions for repurposing of approved drugs as well as to improve our understanding of the COVID-19 viral life cycle molecular mechanisms. In a short period, tens of thousands of research preprints and other publications have emerged including those that report lists of experimentally validated drugs and compounds as potential COVID-19 therapies. In addition, gene sets from interacting COVID-19 virus-host proteins and differentially expressed genes when comparing infected to uninfected cells are being published at a fast rate. To organize this rapidly accumulating knowledge, we developed the COVID-19 Gene and Drug Set Library (https://amp.pharm.mssm.edu/covid19/), a collection of gene and drug sets related to COVID-19 research from multiple sources. The COVID-19 Gene and Drug Set Library is delivered as a web-based interface that enables users to view, download, analyze, visualize, and contribute gene and drug sets related to COVID-19 research. To evaluate the content of the library, we performed several analyses including comparing the results from 6 in-vitro drug screens for COVID-19 repurposing candidates. Surprisingly, we observe little overlap across these initial screens. The most common and unique hit across these screen is mefloquine, a malaria drug that should receive more attention as a potential therapeutic for COVID-19. Overall, the library of gene and drug sets can be used to identify community consensus, make researchers and clinicians aware of the development of new potential therapies, as well as allow the research community to work together towards a cure for COVID-19.
3D-Printed PCL Composite Scaffolds Incorporating IGF-1 Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Wei Peiran , Xu Yan , Gu Yue , Yao Qingqiang , Li Jiayi , Wang Liming 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: To fabricate and test a 3D-printed PCL scaffold incorporating IGF-1 loaded PLGA nanoparticles for cartilage tissue engineering.Methods: IGF-1 loaded PLGA nanoparticles were produced by the double-emulsion method, and were incorporated onto 3D printed PCL scaffolds via PDA. Particle size, loading effciency (LE) and encapsulation effciency (EE) of the nanoparticles were examined. SEM, pore size, porosity, compression testing, contact angle, IGF-1 release kinetics of the composite scaffolds were also determined. For cell culture studies, CCK-8, Live/dead, MTT, GAG content and expression level of chondrocytes specific genes and HIF-1α were also tested.Results: There was no difference of the nanoparticle size. And the LE and EE of IGF-1 in PLGA nanoparticles was about 5.53%±0.12% and 61.26%±2.71%, respectively. There was a slower, sustained release for all drug-loaded nanoparticles PLGA/PDA/PCL scaffolds. There was no difference of pore size, porosity, compressive strength of each scaffold. The contact angles PCL scaffolds were significant decreased when coated with PDA and PLGA nanoparticales. (P < 0.05) Live/dead staining showed more cells attached to the IGF-1 PLGA/PDA/PCL scaffolds. The CCK-8 and MTT assay showed higher cell proliferation and better biocompatibility of the IGF-1 PLGA/PDA/PCL scaffolds. (P < 0.05) GAG content, chondrogenic gene expression level of SOX-9, COL-II, N-cadh, ACAN, and HIF pathway related gene(HIF-1α) were significantly higher in IGF-1 PLGA/PDA/PCL scaffolds on days 7 and 14 compared to other groups. (P < 0.05)Conclusions: IGF-1 PLGA/PDA/PCL scaffolds may be a better method for sustained IGF-1 administration and a promising scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering.
Nalbuphine Attenuates Microglial Activation and Inhibits Morphine-Induced Scratching via Regulation of PKCδ and p38 Signaling in Mice
Authors: Tang Yang , Li Nan Qi , Huang Si Ting , Peng Zhe , Wan Li 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Morphine-induced scratching (MIS) is a common issue in patients receiving clinical postoperative morphine intrathecal injections. The kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist nalbuphine is known to prevent and reduce MIS, but the underlying mechanism has remained unclear. Here, we found that protein kinase C (PKCβ) in the spinal cord dorsal horn was co-expressed with ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) and increased after morphine intrathecal (i.t.) injections in mice. Although knockdown PKCβ inhibited microglial activation and attenuated MIS, but nalbuphine can blocked MIS by promoting PKCδ expression rather than PKCβ expression, suggesting that antipruritic effect of nalbuphine is due to activation of the KOR/PKCδ pathway and that MIS is both PKCβ-dependent and closely related to microglial activation. Moreover, we also found that PKCδ could retroegulation microglial activation, thereby reversing nalbuphine’s inhibition of MIS and resulting in increased itching behaviors. Notably, microglial activation is required for p-p38 signaling in MIS. These data together suggest that nalbuphine activates KOR, so as to inducing the activation of PKCδ, which may in turn retroegulation microglial function and decrease phosphorylate p38, ultimately inhibiting MIS. Our research therefore indicates that a previously unknown KOR-PKCδ-microglia-p38 pathway in the spinal cord may underlie nalbuphine’s antipruritic effect.
Clinical Characteristics Analysis of the “Re-positive” Discharged COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients in Wuhan, China
Authors: He Shengyang , Sun Wenwu , Zhou Kefu , Hu Mengyun , Liu Chun , Xie Lihua , Sun Shenghua , Chen Liangkai , Yu Li 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: To analyze the clinical characteristics of the re-positive discharged COVID-19 patients and find markers to distinguish them.Methods：The demographic features, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, comorbidities, co-infections, treatments, illness severities and chest CT scan results of 267 patients were collected during 1st January and 15th February 2020. COVID-19 was diagnosed by RT-PCR. The subsequent clinical symptoms and nucleic acid test results was obtained during the 14 days post-hospitalization quarantine.Results: 30 out of 267 COVID-19 patients were detected re-positive during the post-hospitalization quarantine. Re-positive patients couldn’t be distinguished by demographic features, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, comorbidities, co-infections, treatments, chest CT scan results or subsequent clinical symptoms. However, the re-positive rate were found illness severity correlated, along with APACHE II and CURB-65.Conclusion: Common clinical characteristics arn’t able to distinguish re-positive patients. However, severe and critical cases with high APACHE II and CURB-65 scores are more likely to turn re-positive after discharge.Authors Shengyang He, Wenwu Sun, Kefu Zhou contributed equally to this work.
Risieri Frondizi y Alberto Taquini (h): trayectorias y experticias dedicadas a transformar la universidad argentina de mediados del siglo XX
Authors: Wagner Daniela Mercedes , Carbonari Maria Rosa 
Published: May 2020

Desde mediados del siglo XX, la preocupación por la democratización de la educación, se trasladó de los ámbitos escolares de educación básica a la universidad. En ese contexto, en diferentes países latinoamericanos se presentaron propuestas para transformar la política de enseñanza superior, lo que lleva a indagar y reconocer quienes fueron los intelectuales que se comprometieron con el cambio o la política de transformar ese ámbito educativo. En ese sentido, el presente artículo aborda las trayectorias intelectuales del filósofo y antropólogo Risieri Frondizi y del médico Alberto Taquini (hijo) desde la perspectiva de la nueva historia intelectual; es decir, historizar a estos sujetos actuando en sus respectivos contextos y en interacción con otros actores de la época. Las obras La Universidad en un mundo de tensiones. Misión de las Universidades en América Latina de Risieri FRONDIZI (1971) y Nuevas Universidades para un nuevo país de Alberto TAQUINI (h) (1972) surgieron en la coyuntura que se extendió aproximadamente desde mediados de las décadas de 1950 a los inicios de la de 1970. Período marcado tanto por la intensidad de las variaciones político-institucionales a nivel nacional, con sus derivaciones en la política universitaria; como por la presencia de una sensibilidad particular, centrada en las expectativas de cambio que involucraron a todos los órdenes de la vida y que se manifestaron en los diferentes posicionamientos ideológicos de la época.
PROEDES - Programa de Estudos e Documentação Educação e Sociedade: origens e desenvolvimento
Authors: Favero Maria de Lourdes 
Published: May 2020

No presente texto, apresentamos, com base em estudos anteriores, a experiência do PROEDES, no período de janeiro de 1987 a junho de 2009, durante o qual fomos responsável por sua Coordenação. Sinalizaremos alguns desafios gerados em um espaço que se constituiu como um centro de pesquisa e documentação em educação brasileira numa universidade federal. Trata-se de articular o trabalho de investigação com o de resgate, recuperação e organização de fontes documentais, tornando-os pertinentes, colocando-os em relação até constituírem um conjunto, por meio do qual a memória coletiva passa a ser valorizada, instituindo-se em patrimônio cultural, além de oferecer importantes subsídios para estudos e investigações de pesquisadores não apenas da UFRJ, mas também de outras instituições do Rio de Janeiro, do país e até mesmo do exterior.
Tendências de precarização do ensino superior privado no Brasil
Authors: Bielschowsky Carlos Eduardo 
Published: May 2020

O trabalho analisa as consequências da concentração de matrículas no ensino superior em dez grandes grupos privados, responsáveis por 48,1% das matriculas deste setor em 2018. Mostra que a concentração de matrículas prejudica a qualidade do ensino, com 49,1% dos alunos destes grandes grupos em cursos cujo último conceito Enade (2016-2018) era insuficiente, na faixa 1 ou 2, contra 36,9% para os alunos de todas as outras 2.000 IES particulares e 15,8% dos alunos das IES públicas. Mostra também que leva a uma maior evasão, com 44,0% dos alunos dos 10 grandes grupos privados desligados de seus cursos nos primeiros dois anos de curso comparado com 27,1% das demais IES privadas e 22,5% das IES públicas.
Advances in heavy metal removal by sulfate-reducing bacteria
Authors: Xu Ya-Nan , Chen Yinguang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIndustrial development has led to generation of large volumes of wastewater containing heavy metals, which need to be removed before the wastewater is released into the environment. Chemical and electrochemical methods are traditionally applied to treat this type of wastewater. These conventional methods have several shortcomings, such as secondary pollution and cost. Bioprocesses are gradually gaining popularity because of their high selectivities, low costs, and reduced environmental pollution. Removal of heavy metals by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is an economical and effective alternative to conventional methods. The limitations of and advances in SRB activity have not been comprehensively reviewed. In this paper, recent advances from laboratory studies in heavy metal removal by SRB were reported. Firstly, the mechanism of heavy metal removal by SRB is introduced. Then, the factors affecting microbial activity and metal removal efficiency are elucidated and discussed in detail. In addition, recent advances in selection of an electron donor, enhancement of SRB activity, and improvement of SRB tolerance to heavy metals are reviewed. Furthermore, key points for future studies of the SRB process are proposed.
Low-dose Sevoflurane Attenuates Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB)- induced Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) by Regulating Hippocampus Apoptosis via PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Qin Jianhua , Ma Qingjun , Ma Dongmei 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) caused postoperative cognitive dysfunction
(POCD) was characterized by hippocampus apoptosis, which seriously limited the therapeutic
efficacy and utilization of CPB in clinic. Recent data indicated that sevoflurane anesthesia might
alleviate CPB-induced POCD, however, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear.

Methods:
In the present study, the in vivo CPB-POCD models were established by using aged
Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats and the in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) models were inducted
by using the primary hippocampus neuron (PHN) cells.

Results:
The results showed that CPB impaired cognitive functions and induced hippocampus
apoptosis in rat models, which were alleviated by pre-treating rats with low-dose sevoflurane. In
addition, the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signal pathway was inactivated
in the hippocampus tissues of CPB-POCD rats, which were rescued by low-dose sevoflurane
treatment. Of note, the PI3K/AKT inhibitor (LY294002) abrogated the protective effects of
low-dose sevoflurane on CPB-POCD rats. Consistently, the in vitro results showed that H/R treatment
induced cell apoptosis and inhibited cell viability in PHN cells, which were attenuated by
low-dose sevoflurane. Similarly, LY294002 abrogated the inhibiting effects of low-dose sevoflurane
on H/R-induced PHN cell death.

Conclusion:
Taken together, low-dose sevoflurane attenuated CPB-induced POCD by inhibiting
hippocampus apoptosis through activating PI3K/AKT signal pathway.