bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Closed-Form Equation for Critical Pressure and Optimum Pressure Ratio for Turbojet Engines
Authors: Zare Foroozan , Veress Árpád 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Advanced mathematical model has been developed for design and analysis of turbojet engines. It includes closed form algebraic equation for critical pressure and optimum pressure ratio at maximum thrust. The model and the algebraic equations consider efficiencies, pressure recovery rates meanwhile the gas parameters are the function of the fuel to air ratio and the temperature. РД-9Б and АЛ-21Ф3 engines are applied for demonstrating the capabilities of the calculation process. The unknown parameters as efficiencies, pressure recovery rates, power reduction rate of the auxiliary systems, bleed air ratio, air income ratio due to blade cooling and total temperature in the afterburner were identified by constrained optimization. The effect of i. T04/T02 ratio for the thrust and TSFC in the function of compressor pressure ratio, ii. the real (viscous) flow conditions and iii. the temperature and fuel to air ratio on gas parameters were also investigated for verification and plausibility check.
Monitoring of soil temperatur on permafrost in natural and anthropogenic disturbed conditions in the Tunkinskaya Depression
Authors: Voropay N. N. , Kiselev M. V. , Cherkashina A. A. 
Published: December 2019

The territory of the study is the Tunkinsky intermountain basin (South-Western Baikal region, Republic of Buryatia) which belongs to the area of sporadic (island) distribution of permafrost. Soil temperature controls many biotic and abiotic processes in it, so it is important to monitor the freezing and thawing regimes in peat and mineral soils. The object of the study is coarse-humic cryogenic soils on sandy lacustrine-alluvial sediments. The first site was represented by natural coarse-humic cryogenic soils under spruce forest, while the second site was organized on the area where in 1960s the forest had been destroyed and the soils were ploughed. At the end of XX century, the arable lands were abandoned, and now they are covered with steppe grasses (the long fallow). Both sites are located on the permafrost. The atmospheric-soil measuring complex was used to study the state of both the perennial and seasonal permafrost at these two sites. The soil temperatures were measured in automatic mode with a time interval of 1 hour from July 1, 2013 to June 30, 2017 along the soil profile from the surface down to a depth of 320 cm. Anthropogenic interference on one of the sites resulted in changes in vegetation cover, the soil moisture as well as the morphological structure and granulometric composition of the upper part of the soil layer. This caused changes in the temperature regime of the permafrost and its degradation with lowering of its upper limit. The soil on the long fallow is better warmed up and cools down faster than it takes place under the spruce forest. As a result of this, the maximum annual temperature on the surface here is higher by 10 °C, while at a depth of 320 cm – by 5 °C, and the minimum annual temperature on the surface is lower by 7 °C, while at a depth of 320 cm – by 1 °C. On the anthropogenically disturbed area, the warm period (at the soil temperature above 0 °C) on the surface is, on the average, by 22 days longer than on the natural lot. These differences are observed at all depths. As a result, the perennial permafrost is retained under the spruce forest below 130 cm throughout the year (soil temperature −0.2 ÷ −0.9 °C), while on the fallow the zero isotherm during seasonal thawing falls much deeper 320 cm, and the soil in the layer of 240–320 cm warms up to 2–5 °C.
Hacia una lectura de la violencia en la formación de la subjetividad
Authors: Amador Calvo Marcela 
Published: December 2019

Recibido 18 de junio de 2012 • Corregido 29 de setiembre de 2012 • Aceptado 07 de noviembre de 2012Este ensayo presenta un recorrido general en la construcción de la subjetividad de los sujetos; desde una perspectiva analítico vincular, plantea cómo la intrasubjetividad de cada uno es un producto del interjuego de lo intersubjetivo y transubjetivo, y cómo el estar inmerso en grupos violentos, tanto familiares como escolares, produce que la violencia forme parte de la identidad de los infantes, y los convierte, así, en futuros reproductores de tramas vinculares violentas.
Desafíos de la docencia universitaria desde la pedagogía de la autonomía
Authors: Valdivia Durán Stephanie 
Published: December 2019

La educación secundaria costarricense se encuentra rezagada en cuanto a su calidad, pues sigue imperando el modelo educativo tradicional. A raíz de esto, el perfil de estudiante que entra a la universidad se caracteriza por no estar acostumbrado a tener criterio personal o asumir la responsabilidad plena sobre su proceso educativo, es decir no se le educa desde la autonomía. Por esta razón, la docencia universitaria se enfrenta ante el reto de fomentar procesos educativos desde la autonomía, con el fin de que el estudiantado encuentre en la universidad un espacio para desenvolverse de manera integral entre lo personal y lo profesional, desarrollando habilidades que le permitan convertirse en un ser con criterios propios. Uno de los principales retos se encuentra en la mediación pedagógica, principalmente con el estudiantado de primer ingreso, pues al no venir preparados con ciertas habilidades necesarias para la vida universitaria, es el docente universitario quien se las empieza a potenciar. Es por ello que, el presente ensayo pretende desarrollar, mediante cuatro aspectos, los principales desafíos a los que se enfrenta un docente universitario para realizar una praxis pedagógica en la que enfoque su mediación desde la pedagogía de la autonomía de Paulo Freire.
Sexual History and Contraception Documentation in Hospitalized Adolescents: Are Technology-Dependent Patients Overlooked?
Authors: Walston James M. , Foster Byron A. , Gardner Tiffany A. , Benchbani Hanae , Noelck Michelle , Austin Jared P. 
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVES:
Adolescents are at high-risk for sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy, yet many do not receive regular preventive care. Hospitalization represents an opportunity for providing sexual and contraception counseling for this high-risk population. Our aim in this study was to assess the frequency of sexual and contraception history documentation in hospitalized adolescents and identify subgroups that may benefit from more vigilant screening.

METHODS:
A retrospective chart review of adolescent patients 11 years of age and older who were discharged from the pediatric hospitalist service at an urban, academic children’s hospital from July 2017 to June 2018 was conducted. Patient and admission characteristics were analyzed for presence of sexual and contraception history documentation. Technology-dependent patients were analyzed separately. In addition, technology-dependent patients were assessed by chart review for developmental appropriateness for screening.

RESULTS:
Twenty-five percent of patients (41 of 165) had a sexual history documented, and 8.5% (14 of 165) had a contraception history documented. Among patients with any technology dependence, 0 had a sexual history documented and only 1 had a contraception history documented, whereas 31.5% (12 of 38) were deemed developmentally appropriate for screening. Female and older patients were more likely to have sexual and contraceptive histories documented than male and younger patients. Patients transferred from the PICU had lower rates of sexual history documentation compared with direct admissions.

CONCLUSIONS:
Hospitalized adolescents, especially those with technology dependence, did not have adequate sexual and contraception histories documented. Improving documentation of these discussions is an important step in providing adolescents with preventive medicine services while hospitalized.
A Magic Therapy Program to Alleviate Anxiety in Pediatric Inpatients
Authors: Pravder Harrison D. , Leng-Smith Amanda , Brash Andrew I. , Elkin David J. , Attard Michael , Rose Brooke , Messina Catherine R. , Chitkara Maribeth B. 
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVES:Hospitalization generates increased psychological discomfort for children and their caregivers. This anxiety can affect the patient-caretaker response to the health care team and the course of treatment. We aim to evaluate the impacts of a magic therapy program, organized and facilitated by medical students, on alleviating pediatric inpatient and caregiver anxiety.METHODS:Patients aged 5 to 16 years admitted to an inpatient pediatric unit and their caregivers were eligible for inclusion. Patient-caregiver pairs were randomly assigned to a magic therapy intervention group or a control group. Anxiety was measured before and after the intervention by using validated self-report tools. The Facial Image Scale and Venham Picture Test were used to measure anxiety for young patients, the short State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Facial Image Scale were used for older patients, and the short State-Trait Inventory was used for caregivers. A subset of the intervention group was reevaluated at 1 hour posttherapy. Health professionals were also surveyed regarding their opinions of the program.RESULTS:One hundred patients and 90 caregivers were enrolled. The patient magic group’s standardized anxiety was reduced by 25% (n = 47; P &lt; .001) posttherapy. The caregiver magic group’s anxiety was reduced by 24% (n = 34; P &lt; .001). Data suggest that anxiety reductions lasted through at least 1 hour posttherapy. Physicians (n = 9), nurses (n = 8), and pediatric residents (n = 20) supported program continuance, reported favorable impressions, and suggested patient, caregiver, and staff benefits.CONCLUSIONS:Integration of a magic therapy program into pediatric inpatient care was feasible and successful in decreasing patient and caretaker anxiety. Health care professionals support the program’s continuance.
Sectoral productivity in Hungarian economy: an input-output linkages approach
Authors: Yasmin Tahira , El  Refae Ghaleb A. , Eletter Shorouq 
Published: December 2019

With the pace of economic development, many changes exist on production and consumption side. The study attempts to re-investigate the production structure change in Hungarian economy by ranking sectors. We used the latest input-output table for 2011 available by OECD. The study employed the Leontief model for demand side for forward linkages indices, while supply side for backward linkages indices to examine the ranking sectors structure changes. Findings has shown that on demand and supply side key sectors stand as prominent sectors such as manufacturing, metals, wholesale and retail trade and telecommunications. New evidence is found that Hungary economy need to have careful planning in order to attract FDI as hub of investment. There is also utmost importance to promote education to have human capital in order to meet long term challenges. Lastly, country still have high global competitiveness which shed light on its new economic policies as readiness towards technical innovation, successful market place and specialization process.
GURU KRISTEN SEBAGAI PENUNTUN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XII DI SATU SEKOLAH KRISTEN [CHRISTIAN TEACHERS AS GUIDES TO LEARNING FOR GRADE 12 STUDENTS AT ONE CHRISTIAN SCHOOL]
Authors: Gultom Ester Lusia , Sitompul Henni , Tamba Kimura Patar 
Published: December 2019

<p>The implementation of the 2013 curriculum aims to improve the quality of Indonesian education by enabling students to develop competencies. Therefore, it is expected that students actively learn in the classroom so that effective learning processes are created to develop student competencies. However, based on facts found in grade 12 at one of the Christian schools in Cibubur, students were not actively studying in class. Christian teachers see this gap as something that can be corrected with competencies they can guide. God calls Christian teachers to guide students who have fallen into sin to return to God's path with the proper competence, direction, and purpose. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to present the role of a Christian teacher as a guide to learning for grade 12 students in one Christian school, as well as the resulting impact. The results of this paper about the role of Christian teachers as guides, who view students as precious and personal creations before the Lord, show that teachers are able to guide according to the needs of students using the Discovery Learning model and supporting methods such as group discussion methods, lectures, FAQs, and games. Suggestions aimed at Christian teachers may provide learning guidance for using the Discovery Learning model and its supporting methods.</p><p><strong>BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: </strong>Penerapan kurikulum 2013 bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan Indonesia dengan cara memampukan siswa untuk mengembangkan kompetensi. Oleh karena itu, diharapkan siswa bisa aktif belajar di kelas sehingga dapat diciptakan proses pembelajaran yang efektif untuk mengembangkan kompetensi siswa. Namun, berdasarkan fakta yang ditemukan di kelas XII pada salah satu sekolah Kristen di Cibubur, ditemukan siswa yang masih kurang aktif belajar di kelas. Guru Kristen melihat kesenjangan ini sebagai hal yang harus diperbaiki dengan kompetensi yang dimilikinya sebagai penuntun. Karena Tuhan memanggil guru Kristen untuk menuntun siswa yang telah jatuh dalam dosa supaya kembali ke jalan Tuhan, dengan kompetensi, arah, dan tujuan yang benar. Maka, tujuan penulisan <em>paper </em>ini adalah memaparkan peran guru Kristen sebagai penuntun belajar siswa kelas XII di satu sekolah Kristen, serta dampak yang dihasilkan. Hasil <em>paper</em> ini mengenai peran guru Kristen sebagai penuntun yang memandang siswa sebagai ciptaan sekaligus pribadi yang berharga di hadapan Tuhan sehingga guru mampu menuntun sesuai dengan kebutuhan siswa, menggunakan model pembelajaran <em>Discovery Learning</em> serta metode pendukungnya seperti metode diskusi kelompok, ceramah, tanya jawab, dan permainan. Saran ditujukan kepada guru Kristen kiranya dapat memberikan tuntunan belajar yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan salah satunya menggunakan model <em>Discovery Learning</em> serta metode pendukungnya.</p>
Perbandingan Aktivitas Analgetik Infusa dan Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Akar Tawas Ut (Ampelocissus rubiginosa Lauterb.)
Authors: Anwar Khoerul , Riswandi Muhammad , Nurlely Nurlely 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRAK Umbi akar tawas ut (Ampelocissus rubiginosa Lauterb.) secara empiris digunakan untuk mengurangi nyeri. Masyarakat menggunakannya dengan cara meminum air seduhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan aktivitas analgetik dari infusa dan ekstrak etanol umbi akar A. Rubiginosa. Uji analgetik dilakukan menggunakan metode geliat (Writhing test) dengan pembanding parasetamol. Tiga puluh ekor mencit dibagi 6 kelompok masing-masing 5 ekor per kelompok. Kelompok I kontrol positif (parasetamol 65,25 mg/kgBB), kelompok II kontrol negatif (Na-CMC), kelompok III infusa A. rubiginosa 25 ml/kgBB, dan kelompok IV ekstrak etanol A. rubuginosa 500 mg/kgBB. Sesudah diberi perlakuan secara per oral sesuai kelompoknya, 30 menit kemudian diinduksi dengan asam asetat secara intraperitoneal. Jumlah geliat dihitung setiap 5 menit setelah pemberian larutan asam asetat 1% dengan selama 1 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persen proteksi pemberian parasetamol 65,25 mg/kgBB, infusa A. rubiginosa 65,25 mg/kgBB dan ekstrak etanol A. rubiginosa 500 mg/kgBB secara berurutan adalah 76,04; 87,41 dan 63,77%. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa infusa umbi akar A. rubiginosa memiliki aktivitas analgetik yang kuat. Kata kunci: Ampelocissus rubiginosa Lauterb., analgetik, infusa, ekstrak etanol ABSTRACT Tuberous root of tawas ut (Ampelocissus rubiginosa Lauterb.) empirically used to reduce pain. People use it by drinking boiled water of A. rubiginosa coarse powder. This study aims to determine the comparison of analgesic activity of infusion and ethanol extract of A. rubiginosa tuberous root. Analgesic test was performed using a stretching method (Writhing test) with paracetamol as comparison. Thirty mice were divided into 6 groups of 5 individuals per group. Group I was positive control (paracetamol 65.25 mg / kgBW), negative control group II (Na-CMC), group III A. rubiginosa infusion 25 ml / kgBW, and group IV ethanol extract A. rubiginosa 500 mg / kgBW. After being treated orally according to the group, 30 minutes later induced with acetate acid intraperitoneally. The amount of stretching was calculated every 5 minutes after giving 1% acetic acid solution for 1 hour. The results showed percent protection of paracetamol 65.25 mg / kgBB, A. rubiginosa infusion 65.25 mg / kgBB and ethanol extract A. rubiginosa 500 mg / kgBB was 76.04; 87.41 and 63.77% respectively. From the research it can be concluded that A. rubiginosa root tuber infusion has a strong analgesic activity. Keyword: Ampelocissus rubiginosa Lauterb., analgetic, infusa, ethanol extract
Las escuelas rurales de una comarca leonesa
Authors: Cantón Mayo Isabel 
Published: December 2019

La escuela es la casa de la infancia y es el lugar de la memoria infantil que actúa como tercer educador después de la familia y los compañeros. Este artículo tiene por objetivo la recogida y documentación de los edificios escolares rurales situados en la comarca de la Maragatería. Se trata de una comarca en la provincia de León con su capital en Astorga que conserva ritos, trajes, espacios y tradiciones ancestrales muy definidos y particulares. El estudio de sus escuelas tiene también connotaciones específicas patrimoniales y contextuales. Se ha usado el método etnográfico para su elaboración. Los resultados, considerando su estructura y demás elementos arquitectónicos nos han permitido realizar una categorización de las mismas en función de la complejidad que presentan sus construcciones en: escuelas básicas antiguas (edificaciones simples de un aula y una sola planta); escuelas de balconada (las más frecuentes en la Maragatería, son de planta y piso y tienen abajo el aula y arriba la vivienda del docente); escuelas fortaleza (de planta y piso, robusta construcción, pocas ventanas, en piedra y mampostería); escuelas de torre o peineta (edificios esbeltos y esmerados con piedra y ladrillo, que se rematan en una torre con o sin reloj, o bien con una peineta en su parte frontal y suelen ser de indiano) y, finalmente, escuelas estándar de la posguerra, (de ladrillo, muy similares a las de otras partes de España, funcionalistas y sin adornos).
Climate Change, Migration, and Vulnerability
Authors: Nakayama Mikiyasu , Drinkall Scott , Sasaki Daisuke 
Published: December 2019

As global sea levels continue to rise, atoll countries—facing persistent and imminent risk—are expected to become source nations of climate migrants in the foreseeable future. This special issue features 10 academic articles, which examine if residents in Pacific atoll countries were, are, or will be ready to re-establish their livelihoods after relocation.
The topic of migration is akin to a kaleidoscope, with continuously evolving shapes and colors, necessitating a broad spectrum of approaches across various disciplines. The authors of these articles thus examined the topic through mathematics, civil engineering, cultural and disaster studies, economics, education, geography, international relations, language, law, sociology and politics. The methodologies applied range from policy analysis to structural equation modeling.
Migration driven by climate change takes place gradually, even over a few decades. Unlike forced migration due to causes such as war and conflict, future climate migrants have the short-term advantage of time to ready themselves for displacement from their homeland. Preparation prior to relocation may include enhancing one’s language or vocational skills.
One of the focal points of this special issue is therefore the preparedness of migrants, both past and future. Case studies were carried out across Fiji, Kiribati, the Marshall Islands, Micronesia, and the United States.
We also considered how migrants are received following resettlement, both in terms of legal instruments and assistance given by the public and private sectors. Case studies conducted in Austria and the United States address this aspect.
Yet another focus is to identify prevailing factors through which people develop their perceptions of climate change and its implications, for such perceptions are a driving force for migration. Case studies in Kiribati and the Marshall Islands contribute to this understanding.
We hope this special issue sharpens the vision of climate change and migration, and serves as a stepping stone for further research in the field.
Diet with Concentrate Containing Durio zibethinus Murr Seed Meal: Nutrient Contents, Fatty Acid Profiles, In Vitro Characteristics, and Nutrient Digestibility in Dairy Cows
Authors: Sulistyowati Endang , Badarina Irma , Mujiharjo Sigit , Simbolon Tamrin , Purba Idop Rohani 
Published: December 2019

This research was to evaluate concentrate diet containing Durio zibethinus seed meal (DSM) on nutrient contents, fatty acid profiles, in vitro characteristics, and nutrients digestibility in dairy cows. The experiment was arranged in Latin Square 4 x 4 design with 4 lactating dairy cows in 4 periods in 2 weeks for each period. The treatments were diets with concentrate containing ratios of rice bran and DSM, DC 35/12.5 (35% of Rice bran+ 12.5% of DSM), DC 27.5/20 (27.5% of Rice bran+ 20% of DSM), DC 20/27.5 (20% of Rice bran+ 27.5% of DSM) and DC 12.5/35 (12.5% of Rice bran+ 35% of DSM). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (Anova), if any significant difference among treatment means were found, will be further analyzed using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results showed that 20% of DSM supplemented in concentrate improved nutrient contents of crude protein, ether extract, medium chain fatty acid (MCFA), long chain fatty acid (LCFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), unsaturated fatty acid (UFA), and n6/n3. In vitro dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, N-NH3, and total VFA were high in concentrate containing 35% DSM. However, in vivo digestibility evaluation showed nutrient intakes were no differences among treatments. Nutrient digestibility were found higher in diet with concentrate containing 27.5% of DSM. There were three different optimal levels could be suggested, 20% of DSM (for nutrient and fatty acid content), 27.5% of DSM (for nutrient digestibility), and 35% of DSM (for in vitro characteristics). Supported by previous milk production, it was concluded that the 27.5% of DSM was suggested to be applied in concentrate for dairy cows.
First Record of Mint Leaf Beetle, Chrysolina herbacea (Duftschmid, 1825), (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Iraq
Authors: Al-Nadawi Fayhaa Abbood 
Published: December 2019

The insect is diagnosed and named by the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI), USA as the Mint leaf Beetle Chrysolina herbacea alnadawi (Duftschmid, 1825), (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). The diagnosis was performed depending on the DNA analysis by 73% similarity with Chrysolina herbacea (Duftschmid, 1825) sequence, In the present study. It is recorded as a new insect pest on mint plant Mentha puleguim (L,1753) (Lamiaceae). DNA analysis confirmend that it is recorded for the first time in Iraq and the Arab world as well as the Middle East. Those insects were observed initially during August 2017 in residential gardens of Al-Bonooq district in Baghdad / Iraq.