bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A temporal hierarchy underpins the transcription factor–DNA interactome of the maize UPR
Authors: Ko Dae Kwan , Brandizzi Federica 
Published: October 2020

SummaryAdverse environmental conditions reduce crop productivity and often increase the load of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This potentially lethal condition, known as ER stress, is buffered by the unfolded protein response (UPR), a set of signaling pathways designed to either recover ER functionality or ignite programmed cell death. Despite the biological significance of the UPR to the life of the organism, the regulatory transcriptional landscape underpinning ER stress management is largely unmapped, especially in crops. To fill this significant knowledge gap, we performed a large‐scale systems‐level analysis of the protein–DNA interaction (PDI) network in maize (Zea mays). Using 23 promoter fragments of six UPR marker genes in a high‐throughput enhanced yeast one‐hybrid assay, we identified a highly interconnected network of 262 transcription factors (TFs) associated with significant biological traits and 831 PDIs underlying the UPR. We established a temporal hierarchy of TF binding to gene promoters within the same family as well as across different families of TFs. Cistrome analysis revealed the dynamic activities of a variety of cis‐regulatory elements (CREs) in ER stress‐responsive gene promoters. By integrating the cistrome results into a TF network analysis, we mapped a subnetwork of TFs associated with a CRE that may contribute to UPR management. Finally, we validated the role of a predicted network hub gene using the Arabidopsis system. The PDIs, TF networks, and CREs identified in our work are foundational resources for understanding transcription‐regulatory mechanisms in the stress responses and crop improvement.
SCAR: The high‐prevalence antigen 013.008 in the Scianna blood group system
Authors: Srivastava Kshitij , Albasri Jasem , Alsuhaibani Omar M. , Aljasem Hassan A. , Bueno Marina U. , Antonacci Tania , Branch Donald R. , Denomme Gregory A. , Flegel Willy A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Scianna (SC) blood group system comprises seven antigens. They reside on the erythroblast membrane‐associated glycoprotein (ERMAP). The ERMAP and RHCE genes are juxtaposed to each other on chromosome 1. We report a novel SC antigen.Study Design and MethodsBlood samples came from a patient and his two sisters in Saudi Arabia. To investigate the antibody specificity we used the column agglutination technique and soluble recombinant ERMAP protein. The significance of anti‐SCAR was evaluated by the transfusion history and a monocyte monolayer assay. We determined the genomic sequence of ERMAP and RHCE genes.ResultsThe patientʼs serum showed an antibody of titer 8 against a high‐prevalence antigen. The soluble recombinant ERMAP protein inhibited the antibody. The propositus genotyped homozygous for an ERMAP:c.424C>G variant, for which his sisters were heterozygous. The c.424C>G variant occurred in the SC*01 allele in one haplotype with the RHCE*03 (RHCE*cE) allele. No signs of hemolysis occurred following an incompatible blood transfusion. The monocyte monolayer assay was negative.ConclusionsWe characterized a high‐prevalence antigen, with the proposed name “SCAR,” which is the eighth antigen of the Scianna blood group system (proposed designation 013.008). Individuals homozygous for ERMAP:p.(Gln142Glu) protein variant can produce anti‐SCAR. Although we did not observe any sign of hemolysis at this time, the anti‐SCAR prompted a change of the treatment regimen. A review of the known reports indicated that all SC alloantibodies of sufficient titer should be considered capable of causing hemolysis.
A novel allele arising from c.912C>A mutation in the α‐1,3‐N‐acetylgalactosaminyltransferase gene in a Chinese individual
Authors: Zhang Xu , Li Xiaofeng , Liu Ying , Li Jianping 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Am phenotype, which arises from mutations of the α‐1,3‐N‐acetylgalactosaminyltransferase gene, is rare in the Chinese population. The present study focuses on a novel mutation with the Am phenotype in a Chinese individual.Study design and methodsThe sample with ABO blood group discrepancy was analyzed by serologic techniques. The full coding and flanking regions of the ABO gene, including the Intron 1 transcription factor–binding site, were identified through direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐amplified products. PCR products of Exons 6 and 7 were validated to isolate the ABO gene haplotypes by cloning and sequencing individual colonies. The impact of the novel mutation on enzyme function was predicted with Polymorphism Phenotyping algorithm V2 and bioinformatic software programs.ResultsThe serologic characteristics of ABO blood typing showed the rare Am phenotype. The c.467C/T and c.912C/A heterozygous sites in Exon 7 were identified by direct sequencing analysis. Further TA cloning and sequencing revealed that the patient carried an ABO*O.01.01 allele and a novel ABO*A allele. The new allele sequence had one nucleotide alteration (C>A) at position 912 on the background of the ABO*A1.02 allele. The c.912C>A mutation was predicted to be “probably damaging” and “deleterious” by PolyPhen‐2 and PROVEAN algorithms, respectively.ConclusionA novel mutation c.912C>A in α‐1,3‐N‐acetylgalactosaminyltransferase gene resulting in Am phenotype was identified in a Chinese individual.
Evaluating the Impact of Central Venous Catheter Materials and Design on Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Slaughter Eugene , Kynoch Kathryn , Brodribb Megan , Keogh Samantha J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThrombosis is a common complication associated with central venous catheter (CVC) insertion. Several antithrombogenic materials and alterations to catheter design have been developed to lower thrombosis rates.AimTo systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of antithrombogenic materials and alterations to CVC design on thrombosis rates.MethodsA systematic search was completed of main databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PubMed) as well as trial registries and gray literature. Randomized controlled trials conducted in any age group, published in English language since 2008 reporting impact of different CVC designs or materials on thrombosis were included, to capture studies that reflect contemporary products and practice. Cochrane systematic review methodology was followed, including independent study selection and data extraction. Quality appraisal was conducted using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A narrative synthesis and meta‐analysis in RevMan were conducted.ResultsFrom a possible 232 studies, nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Four studies (n = 1,320) assessed different catheter materials; four studies (n = 591) compared different CVC designs, and one study (n = 150) evaluated impact of combined design and material on outcomes. Meta‐analysis demonstrated that neither catheter material nor design alone or in combination had a significant impact on thrombosis (RR: 0.98 [95% CI 0.87, 1.11]). Different catheter materials and design also had no significant impact on occlusion or CRBSI. Studies were of mixed quality overall.Linking Evidence to ActionDifferent CVC materials and designs were not associated with a reduction in the risk of either catheter‐related thrombosis or infection. Overall reporting and small sample sizes make it difficult to draw firm conclusions. Larger, quality randomized trials are required to provide evidence about the possible merits of innovative catheter design and materials on patient outcomes.
PCR and culture for diagnosis ofAcanthamoebakeratitis
Authors: Yera Helene , Ok Vichita , Lee Koy Kuet Fiona , Dahane Naima , Ariey Frédéric , Hasseine Lilia , Delaunay Pascal , Martiano David , Marty Pierre , Bourges Jean Louis 
Published: October 2020

Background/AimsAcanthamoebakeratitis (AK) is a rare but sight-threatening infection. Molecular diagnosis of corneal scraping has improved the diagnosis of AK. Different molecular targets and conditions have been used in diagnosis thus far. In this study, we prospectively compared the performance of five PCR assays on corneal samples for the diagnosis of AK.Methods1217 corneal scraping samples were obtained from patients, for whom an AK was suspected. Sample processing involved both molecular diagnostics and culture.AcanthamoebaPCR assays detected different regions of theAcanthamoebanuclear small-subunit rRNA gene: three final point PCR assays using Nelson, ACARNA and JDP1–JDP2 pairs of primers, and two real-time PCR assays using Acant primer-probe. Human DNA and internal control were co-amplified in the real-time PCR assay to ensure scraping quality and the absence of inhibitors. In the absence of a gold standard, the performance of each test was evaluated using latent class analysis. Genotypes ofAcanthamoebaisolates were also characterised.ResultsEstimated prevalence of AK was 1.32%. The sensitivity ofAcanthamoebadiagnostic PCRs (73.3% to 86.7%) did not differ significantly from that of culture (66.7%), or according to the target sequence or the technology. Sensitivity could be increased to 93.8% or 100% by combining two or three assays, respectively. PCR specificity (99.3% to 100%) differed between the assays. T4 was the predominantAcanthamoebagenotype (84.6%).ConclusionsCulture and a single PCR assay could lead to misdiagnosing AK. A combination of different PCR assays and improved sample quality could increase diagnosis sensitivity.
Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is a distinctive biomarker of abnormal pain threshold in the general Japanese population
Authors: Kudoh Kazuhiro , Mizukami Hiroki , Itabashi Chieko , Fuke Nobuo , Osonoi Sho , Takeuchi Yuki , Wada Kanichiro , Igawa Akiko , Ogasawara Saori , Ishibashi Yasuyuki , Hakamada Kenichi , Yagihashi Soroku , Nakaji Shigeyuki 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionSmall fiber neuropathy (SFN) is an early manifestation in diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN); however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. In diabetes, SFN is presumed to be common in individuals with overt DPN, enhancing activation of polyol pathway, oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and inflammation. We explored the relationship between clinicohematological factors related to DPN and pain sensation in the Japanese population.Research design and methodsWe conducted a population-based study, recruiting 1030 individuals (average age 54.4±0.5 years), in 2017, to participate in our Iwaki project. After initial screening by fasting blood glucose and glycohemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measurements, the subjects were categorized into control (n=894), type 2 diabetes (n=81), and impaired fasting glucose (n=55) groups. Clinical data were gathered, and relationships between pain threshold from intraepidermal electrical stimulation (PINT) and DPN were examined by analysis of variance, post hoc test, and χ2tests to study correlations among and between groups of the clinical data and DPN.ResultsUnivariate linear regression analyses showed significant correlations between PINT and serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) level (ß=0.1025, p=0.001). Adjustments for the clinical measurements confirmed a positive correlation (ß=0.070, p=0.034). Logistic regression analysis revealed high LBP value (>6.7 mg/dL) as a significant risk factor toward abnormal PINT (≥0.35 mA). LBP significantly correlated with the high-sensitivity C reactive protein, inflammation marker, elevated similarly in both pre-diabetic and overt-diabetic groups, compared with controls, but it did not correlate with a decreased Achilles tendon reflex. In contrast, urine 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, oxidative stress marker, and pentosidine, AGEs, markedly increased in individuals with type 2 diabetes with high HbA1c.ConclusionsIndividuals with high LBP exhibited an elevated PINT in the Japanese population. Low level of inflammation evoked by metabolic endotoxemia is possibly implicated in the pathophysiology of SFN from pre-diabetic stage.
Non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of mortality in rural Birbhum, West Bengal, India: a sex-stratified analysis of verbal autopsies from a prospective cohort, 2012–2017
Authors: Rai Rajesh Kumar , Barik Anamitra , Mazumdar Saibal , Chatterjee Kajal , Kalkonde Yogeshwar V , Mathur Prashant , Chowdhury Abhijit , Fawzi Wafaie W 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesThere is a dearth of data on causes of death in rural India, which impedes identification of public health priorities to guide health interventions. This study aims to offer insights from verbal autopsies, to understand the pattern and distribution of causes of death in a rural area of Birbhum District, West Bengal, India.DesignCauses of death data were retrieved from a prospective vital event surveillance system.SettingThe Birbhum Population Project, a Health and Demographic Surveillance System, West Bengal, India.ParticipantsBetween January 2012 and December 2017, all deaths were recorded.Main outcome measuresTrained Surveyors tracked all deaths prospectively and used a previously validated verbal autopsy (VA) tool to record causes of death. Experienced physicians reviewed completed VA forms, and assigned cause of death using the 10th version of International Classification of Diseases. In addition to cause-specific mortality fraction, cause-specific crude death rate (CDR) among males and females were estimated.ResultsA total of 2320 deaths (1348 males and 972 females) were recorded. An estimated CDR was 708/100 000. Over half of all deaths (1176 deaths, 50.7%) were attributed to non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with nearly 30% of all deaths attributed to circulatory system disorders; whereas 24.2% and 3.9% deaths were due to cerebrovascular diseases and ischaemic heart disease, respectively. Equal percent (13%) of males died from external causes and from infectious and parasitic diseases, and 11% died from respiratory system-related diseases. Among females, 12% died from infectious and parasitic diseases. Among children aged 0–4 years, 50% of all male deaths and 45% of all female deaths were attributed to conditions in the perinatal period.ConclusionsNCDs are the leading cause of death among adults in a select population of rural Birbhum, India. Health programmes for rural India should prioritise plans to mitigate deaths due to NCDs.
Cardiometabolic risk factors and mental health status among truck drivers: a systematic review
Authors: Guest Amber J , Chen Yu-Ling , Pearson Natalie , King James A , Paine Nicola J , Clemes Stacy A 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically review and summarise the literature on cardiometabolic risk factors, lifestyle health behaviours and mental health status of truck drivers globally to ascertain the scale of these health concerns.DesignSystematic review reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Data sourcesPubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science were searched in January 2019 and updated in January 2020, from the date of inception to 16 January 2020.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesPapers were included if they (1) reported independent data on truck drivers, (2) included quantitative data on outcomes related to cardiometabolic markers of health, mental health and/or health behaviours, (3) were written in English and (4) were published in a peer-reviewed journal. Grey literature was ineligible for this review.Data extraction and synthesisOne reviewer independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality using a checklist based on the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Quality Assessment tool. 20% were independently assessed for eligibility and quality by a second reviewer. Due to heterogeneity of the outcomes, results were narratively presented.Results3601 titles and abstracts were screened. Seventy-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Truck driving is associated with enforced sedentarism, long and irregular working hours, lack of healthy foods, social isolation and chronic time pressures. Strong evidence was observed for truck drivers to generally exhibit poor cardiometabolic risk profiles including overweight and obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, high blood glucose, poor mental health and cigarette smoking.ConclusionsImproving truck driver health is vital for the longevity of the trucking industry, and for the safety of all road users. The workplace plays a vital role in truck driver health; policies, regulations and procedures are required to address this health crisis.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019124499.
Disordered eating and eating disorders in male elite athletes: a scoping review
Authors: Karrer Yannis , Halioua Robin , Mötteli Sonja , Iff Samuel , Seifritz Erich , Jäger Matthias , Claussen Malte Christian 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundEating disorders (ED) and disordered eating (DE) among male elite athletes share some of the characteristics seen in female elite athletes and the population, but also exhibit some key differences.ObjectiveScoping review of ED and DE in male elite athletes.MethodsIn May 2020, a comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted for DE and ED in male elite athletes.ResultsWe identified 80 studies which included 47 uncontrolled, 14 controlled studies, one interventional trial and 18 reviews.DiscussionThere was a wide range of definitions of DE and a high level of heterogeneity regarding competitive level, age and sport type. In adult male elite athletes, ED prevalence rates up to 32.5% were found, higher than in the general population. Prevalence was not higher in young/adolescent male elite athletes. The most frequently associated factor was competing in weight-sensitive sports. Male elite athletes tended to exhibit less body dissatisfaction than controls and were not always associated with DE. There were no studies looking at the prognosis or reporting an evidence-based approach for the management of DE in male elite athletes.ConclusionExisting literature indicates high prevalence of DE and ED in male elite athletes, with a wide range of aetiopathogenesis. There is a need for longitudinal studies to characterise the pathology and long-term outcomes, as well as develop standardised tools for assessment and treatments.
Deprivation is associated with anxiety and stress. A population-based longitudinal household survey among Chinese adults in Hong Kong
Authors: Chung Roger Yat-Nork , Marmot Michael , Mak Jonathan Ka-Long , Gordon David , Chan Dicken , Chung Gary Ka-Ki , Wong Hung , Wong Samuel Y S 
Published: October 2020

Background
Mental illness is a major disease burden in the world and disproportionately affects the socially disadvantaged, but studies on the longitudinal association of poverty with anxiety and stress are rare, especially in Asia. Using data from Hong Kong, we aimed to (1) assess the cross-sectional association of poverty with anxiety and stress at baseline, and (2) to examine whether baseline poverty and change in poverty status over time are associated with a subsequent change in anxiety and stress.

Methods
Data were obtained from two waves of a territory-wide longitudinal survey in Hong Kong, with sample sizes of n=1970 and n=1224 for baseline and follow-up, respectively. Poverty was measured with a Deprivation Index and income-poverty. Anxiety and stress symptoms were assessed using Chinese Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale—21 Items. We conducted cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses on the association of poverty with anxiety and stress.

Outcomes
Deprivation, but not income-poverty, was significantly associated with both outcomes at baseline. Increased deprivation over time was associated with greater score and increased risk of anxiety and stress. Persistent deprivation over time was associated with greater anxiety and stress, and increased risk of incident anxiety.

Interpretation
Deprivation could have significant independent effects on anxiety and stress, even after adjusting for the effects of income-poverty. Greater attention should be paid to deprivation in policymaking to tackle the inequalities of mental health problems, especially since stress and anxiety are precursors to more severe forms of mental illness and other comorbidities.
Thidiazuron suppresses breast cancer via targeting miR-132 and dysregulation of the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway mediated by the miR-202-5p–PTEN axis
Authors: Ibrahim Hairul-Islam Mohamed , Ismail Mohammad Bani , Ammar Rebai Ben , Ahmed Emad A. 
Published: October 2020

Chemo-resistance and metastasis are the most common causes of breast cancer recurrence and death. Thidiazuron (TDZ) is a plant growth regulator (phytohormone) whose biological effects on humans and animals has not yet been determined. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of this phytohormone on the drug resistant-triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Treatment of the breast cancer cells with TDZ (1–50 μmol/L) caused more stressful environment and induced a significant increase in active caspase-positive cells. In addition, TDZ treatment (5 and 10 μmol/L) significantly attenuated the migration and the invasiveness of these highly metastatic cancer cells. Mechanistically, TDZ reduces cancer progression and invasiveness by targeting miR-202-5p, which stimulates the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), the tumor suppressor that downregulates the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway. Treatment with TDZ significantly upregulates miRNA-132, the suppressor of breast cancer proliferation, which is also implicated in dysregulation of the TEN-Akt–NFκB signaling pathway. Interestingly, our molecular docking analysis revealed a potential non-covalent interaction between TDZ and Akt, PTEN, and PI3K. These findings suggest that TDZ suppresses breast cancer metastasis by targeting miRNA-132, the miR-202-5p–PTEN axis, and the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway downstream.
Caso clínico: tromboembolismo pulmonar secundário em um paciente com COVID-19
Authors: Cicilini André Luiz , Oliveira Alana Ferreira de , Hidalgo Filho Cássio Murilo Trovo , Salles Renata Freitas Nogueira , Fróes Michele Higa , Eduardo Jamilton de Medeiros 
Published: October 2020

A COVID-19 é a doença infecciosa cujo agente etiológico é um betacoronavirus, o SARS-CoV-2. Sua emergência se deu em uma província chinesa em dezembro de 2019, tornando-se uma pandemia que desafia a saúde pública global. Habitualmente, apresenta-se como uma síndrome gripal, com possibilidade de evolução para síndrome respiratória aguda grave. Além disso, pode provocar alterações na coagulação e resposta inflamatória do indivíduo, levando a complicações tromboembólicas. Este artigo relata o caso de um paciente de 58 anos, diagnosticado com COVID-19, que seguia em isolamento domiciliar e, evoluiu com dispneia e hemoptise no quarto dia de doença. O diagnóstico do tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) foi confirmado através de tomografia contrastada de tórax. O paciente foi internado para tratamento clínico, necessitando de acompanhamento em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) entre o terceiro e quinto dia de internação. Após alta da UTI, o paciente evoluiu sem demais intercorrências, recebendo alta no décimo dia de internação hospitalar.
Sex and Gender and Sex
Authors: Budin Stephanie Lynn 
Published: October 2020

This article challenges some of the prevailing notions pertaining to non-binary sex and fluid gender in modern academia. Beginning with a look at the history of the sex vs. gender debate, it turns to the study of genetics to determine how binary sex is, overturning many current beliefs about the biological bases of multiple sexes. It then considers four case studies of so-called fluid gender in world history—Mesopotamian women as men, Albanian virgjinéshē, and Indian devadāsīs and sādhini—which show that these apparently “male women” never lose their feminine gender in spite of provisional male prerogatives. In all cases, it is their sexuality that ties them to their gender. The article ends with a consideration of how unreflective adoption of non-binary sex and fluid gender undermines the goals of feminism.