bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebrospinal fluid A beta 1-40 peptides increase in Alzheimer’s disease and are highly correlated with phospho-tau in control individuals
Authors: Lehmann Sylvain , Dumurgier Julien , Ayrignac Xavier , Marelli Cecilia , Alcolea Daniel , Fortea Ormaechea Juan , Thouvenot Eric , Delaby Constance , Hirtz Christophe , Vialaret Jérôme , Ginestet Nelly , Bouaziz-Amar Elodie , Laplanche Jean-Louis , Labauge Pierre , Paquet Claire , Lleo Alberto , Gabelle Audrey ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTBackground:Amyloid pathology, which is one of the characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), results from altered metabolism of the beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) in terms of synthesis, clearance or aggregation. A decrease in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) level Aβ 1-42 is evident in AD, and the CSF ratio Aβ 40 /Aβ 40 has recently been identified as one of the most reliable diagnostic biomarkers of amyloid pathology. Variations in inter-individual levels of Aβ 1-40 in the CSF have been observed in the past, but their origins remain unclear. In addition, the variation of Aβ 40 in the context of AD studied in several studies has yielded conflicting results.MethodsHere, we analyzed the levels of Aβ 1-40 using multicenter data obtained on 2466 samples from six different cohorts in which CSF was collected under standardized protocols, centrifugation and storage conditions. Tau and p-tau(181) concentrations were measured using commercially available in vitro diagnostic immunoassays. Concentrations of CSF Aβ 1-42 and Aβ 1-40 were measured by ELISA, xMAP technology, chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and mass spectrometry. Statistical analyses were calculated for parametric and non-parametric comparisons, linear regression, correlation and odds ratios. The statistical tests were adjusted for the effects of covariates (age, in particular).Results:Regardless of the analysis method used and the cohorts, a slight but significant age-independent increase in the levels of Aβ 40 in CSF was observed in AD. We also found a strong positive correlation between the levels of Aβ 40 and p-tau(181) in CSF, particularly in control patients.Conclusions:These results indicate that an increase in the baseline level of amyloid peptides, which are associated with an increase in p-tau(181), may be a biological characteristic of AD. This confirms the potential therapeutic value of lowering the baseline levels of Aβ 40 which, being elevated, can be considered a risk factor for the disease.
Amyloid-β PET and CSF in an autopsy confirmed cohort
Authors: Reimand Juhan , Boon Baayla D.C. , Collij Lyduine E. , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Rozemuller Annemieke J.M. , van Berckel Bart N.M. , Scheltens Philip , Ossenkoppele Rik , Bouwman Femke 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveAccumulation of amyloid-β is among the earliest changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Amyloid-β positron emission tomography (PET) and Aβ42 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) both assess amyloid-β pathology in-vivo, but 10–20% of cases show discordant (CSF+/PET- or CSF-/PET+) results. The neuropathological correspondence with amyloid-β CSF/PET discordance is unknown.MethodsWe included 21 patients from our tertiary memory clinic who had undergone both CSF Aβ42 analysis and amyloid-β PET, and had neuropathological data available. Amyloid-β PET and CSF results were compared with neuropathological ABC scores (comprising of Thal (A), Braak (B) and CERAD (C) stage, all ranging from 0 [low] to 3 [high]) and neuropathological diagnosis.ResultsNeuropathological diagnosis was AD in 11 (52%) patients. Amyloid-β PET was positive in all A3, C2 and C3 cases and in one of the two A2 cases. CSF Aβ42 was positive in 92% of A2/A3 and 90% of C2/C3 cases. PET and CSF were discordant in 3/21 (14%) cases: CSF+/PET- in a patient with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (A0B0C0), CSF+/PET- in a patient with FTLD-TDP type B (A2B1C1), and CSF-/PET+ in a patient with AD (A3B3C3). Two CSF+/PET+ cases had a non-AD neuropathological diagnosis, i.e. FTLD-TDP type E (A3B1C1) and adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids (A1B1C0).InterpretationOur findings confirm amyloid-β CSF/PET discordance with a range of possible reasons. Furthermore, amyloid-β biomarker positivity on both PET and CSF did not invariably result in an AD diagnosis at autopsy, illustrating the importance of considering relevant co-morbidities when evaluating amyloid-β biomarker results.
How efficient are the lockdown measures taken for mitigating the Covid-19 epidemic?
Authors: Lasaulce Samson , Varma Vineeth , Morarescu Constantin , Lin Siying 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVarious lockdown measures have been taken in different countries to mitigate the Covid-19 pandemic. But, for citizens, it is not always simple to understand how these measures have been taken. Should they have been more (or less) restrictive? Should the lockdown period have been longer (or shorter)? What would have been the benefits of starting to confine the population earlier? To provide some elements of response to these questions, we propose a simple behavior model for the government decision-making operation. Although simple and obviously improvable, the proposed model has the merit to implement in a pragmatic and insightful way the tradeoff between health and macroeconomic aspects. For a given tradeoff between the assumed cost functions for the economic and health impacts, it is then possible to determine the best lockdown starting date, the best lockdown duration, and the optimal severity levels during and after lockdown. The numerical analysis is based on a standard SEIR model and performed for the case of France but the adopted approach can be applied to any country. Our analysis, based on the proposed model, shows that for France it would have been possible to have just a quarter of the actual number of people infected (over [March 1, August 31]), while simultaneously having a Gross Domestic Product loss about 30% smaller than the one expected with the current policy
The USP28-ΔNp63 axis is a vulnerability of squamous tumours
Authors: Prieto-Garcia Cristian , Hartmann Oliver , Reissland Michaela , Braun Fabian , Fischer Thomas , Walz Susanne , Fischer Annalena , Calzado Marco A. , Orian Amir , Rosenfeldt Mathias , Eilers Martin , Diefenbacher Markus E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe transcription factor ΔNp63 is a master regulator that establishes epithelial cell identity and is essential for the survival of SCC of lung, head and neck, oesophagus, cervix and skin. Here, we report that the deubiquitylase USP28 stabilizes ΔNp63 protein and maintains elevated ΔNP63 levels in SCC by counteracting its proteasome-mediated degradation. Interference with USP28 activity by genetic means abolishes the transcriptional identity of SCC cells and suppresses growth and survival of human SCC cells. CRISPR/Cas9-engineered mouse models establish that both induction and maintenance of lung SCC strictly depend on endogenous USP28. Targeting ΔNp63 protein abundance in SCC via inhibition of USP28 therefore is a feasible strategy for the treatment of SCC tumours.SignificanceSCC depend on ΔNp63, and its protein abundance is tightly controlled by the ubiquitin proteasome system. Here, we demonstrate the dependence of SCC on USP28 for various human SCC in vitro and in vivo using murine lung tumour models. As inhibitors for deubiquitylases become available, targeting USP28 is a promising therapeutic strategy.
Expatriates as catalysts: what and how Vietnamese locals learn from self-initiated expatriates
Authors: Fee Anthony , Gray Sidney J. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeIn an era when expatriates are increasingly used as strategic conduits for developing capabilities in local business units, we identify what and how host-country nationals in a developing economy learn from self-initiated expatriates whose assignments focus on organizational capacity development objectives.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews with 23 Vietnamese host-country nationals rendered a sample of 138 learning episodes for qualitative content analysis. Respondents were employed in Vietnamese government and non-government organizations and worked closely with multiple self-initiated expatriates in a variety of professional contexts.FindingsHost-country nationals develop a broad array of primarily “soft” capabilities. This learning is typically informal and vicarious in nature. While learning tends to arise incidentally through day-to-day activities, host-country nationals facilitate this by structuring their formal and informal interactions with expatriates to maximize their learning potential.Research limitations/implicationsWhile the study's exploratory design and specific context limit the transferability of our results, analysis of a sample of specific learning episodes allowed us to map “hotspots” of particular activities and contexts in which certain learning outcomes transpired.Practical implicationsOur results put into sharp focus the overlooked roles of expatriates as models (to be observed), mentors (to be consulted) and collaborators (to be partnered with) who can catalyse valued learning opportunities for local colleagues.Originality/valueWe provide a comprehensive account of the nature and extent of informal learning that host-country nationals accumulate during interactions with expatriates, and so contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the experiences of host-country nationals in international business.
Cross-national roles of perceived reputation dimensions for MNCs
Authors: Swoboda Bernhard , Batton Nadine 
Published: June 2020

PurposeExtending the holistic research on corporate reputation (CR), the authors examine whether and how single CR dimensions affect consumers' intentional loyalty toward multinational corporations (MNCs) across nations. They study the dimensions of the predominant customer-based CR scale of Walsh and Beatty (2007): customer orientation, product range quality, social/environmental responsibility, good employer and reliability/financial strength. Furthermore, important country-level moderators – embeddedness and country development – are studied.Design/methodology/approachThe authors refer to hierarchical data on 32,811 consumer evaluations of a MNC in 44 countries using the still novel method of multilevel structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results underscore a strong relationship between CR in general and consumers' loyalty but identify different effects for the CR dimensions (e.g. product quality, social/environmental responsibility dominate). The important national institutions reinforce or diminish some – but not all – effects of the CR dimensions.Practical implicationsThe results are of importance for finer-grained cross-national reputation management. Studying both national culture and country development shows that MNCs face tradeoff decisions. Accordingly, the authors provide a country portfolio, which offers options for standardized operations in groups of countries with similar country characteristics and CR effects.Originality/valueDisentangling the five CR levers emphasizes that CR is not a pure signal of quality. Two main levers emerge: one stable across countries and one strongly depending on a country's degree of country development, for example. A finer-grained management of CR signals across nations is possible, especially in emerging countries, with increasing importance for MNCs.
Reaccessing marginalized heritage sites in historic Cairo: a cross-case comparison
Authors: Elsayed Doaa Salaheldin Ismail 
Published: June 2020

PurposeAccording to the International Council on Monuments and Sites (ICOMOS) report of heritage at risk for 2011–2013, Cairo is facing serious conservation challenges after the revolution of 2011, witnessing aggressive cultural heritage vandalism. A marginalized inaccessible heritage site is considered one of the most vulnerable cultural assets. Existing studies focused on safeguarding accessible historical centers while insufficient attention is given to marginalized inaccessible heritage sites. The paper questions: how far the reaccess is preventive conservation action acting against possible encroachments? And if accessibility could stand as the key player promoting networks of marginal heritage landscapes, facilitating documentation and rehabilitation programs.Design/methodology/approachThe research adopts both analytical and experimental approaches. The former departs from cartographic studies and systematic contextual surveys carried out in March 2017 and was updated in July 2019 concerning the delimitation of historic Cairo. It concludes by mapping marginal heritage besides classifying their value significance, urban risks and causes of inaccessibility. The latter phase structures a framework guiding accessibility interventions of marginal heritage and examines its applicability through a cross-case comparison between four sites while proposing accessibility interventions strategies.FindingsFinally, the study offers a comprehensive assessment model for the new interventions measuring the contextual, economic, social and administrative influences of accessibility.Practical implicationsThe framework is considered a decision-making tool defining marginalized heritage areas with the highest priorities of enactments. The study aims to facilitate the mission of governors, policymakers and experts in conserving problematic urban heritage through soft transformations.Social implicationsBoth the framework and the assessment model are based on social empowerment and involvement within different phases of design, management and monitoring plans.Originality/valueIt aims to perform new urban codification representing the contemporary identity of marginal heritage landscape in developing countries challenging heritage vandalism. It enables reconfiguring the delimitation of historic Cairo through proposing new parameters and guidelines.
Systematic design of a new gearbox for concrete mixers
Authors: Fiorineschi Lorenzo , Papini Susanna , Pugi Luca , Rindi Andrea , Rotini Federico 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify an innovative solution for the power transmission gearbox of concrete mixers, according to the specifications provided by the company.Design/methodology/approachA tailored systematic design approach (inspired to the German systematic framework) has been adopted to comprehensively gather the company specifications and perform in-depth design space explorations. Subsequently, an iterative embodiment design approach has been followed to identify the size of the components for the preferred concept, by using acknowledged mechanical design procedures and finite element analysis tools.FindingsAn innovative cycloidal gearbox has been developed, by merging the kinematics underpinning the classical cycloidal drives and the Wolfrom planetary gearbox. The resulting concept provides high reduction rates with a very high overload capacity.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of the studies is the absence of in-depth evaluations usually performed in the detail design phase. However, this limitation is a direct consequence of the company specifications, which only asked to find a preferred concept and to perform preliminary evaluations. Accordingly, the subsequent design optimization are intended to be performed by the company’s staff.Originality/valueThe present paper shows an original design approach, opportunely tailored to the design of innovative gearboxes. It can be conveniently adapted and reused by designers involved in similar tasks. Moreover, the designed cycloidal gearbox paves the way for important innovations in the field of concrete mixers, allowing to design more robust and compact devices.
Critical success factors for sustainable entrepreneurship in Pakistani Telecommunications industry: a hybrid grey systems theory/ best-worst method approach
Authors: Muhammad Muneeb Farhan , Karbassi Yazdi Amir , Wanke P. , Yiyin Cao , Chughtai Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis study focuses on the Critical Success Factors (CSF) for developing sustainable entrepreneurship in the Pakistani telecommunication industry. Despite the efforts made by governments and stakeholders to stimulate sustainable entrepreneurship initiatives, contributions in the telecommunications sector are lacking. Therefore, this study has the major objective of identifying a transformation path for these firms. This is done by providing a theoretical framework for sustainable entrepreneurship in the telecommunications industry, focusing on managerial and operational practices that should be modified according to a set of CSFs identified by experts in Pakistani firms.Design/methodology/approachThis article proposes a novel Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) approach based on Grey Systems Theory (GST) and Best-Worst Method (BWM) while unveiling endogenous relationships among current managerial/operational practices and the CSFs for sustainable entrepreneurship in the telecommunications industry.FindingsCSFs for achieving sustainable entrepreneurship in the Pakistani telecommunications industry were found to rely on a tripod, based on effectiveness, transparency, and accountability that are embedded within the ambit of managerial and operational practices, such as focusing and reducing digital illiteracy, targeting poor communities, helping the young in structuring start-ups.Originality/valueThis article contributes to the MADM research stream by proposing a novel use of the BWM technique based on GST to promote sustainable entrepreneurship CSFs in Pakistani telecommunications firms.
Technology enhancement of surgeries scheduling: a bi-objective optimization model
Authors: Khalfalli Marwa , Ben Abdelaziz Fouad , Verny Jerome , Masmoudi Meryem 
Published: June 2020

PurposeOperating theaters are considered as the most sensitive health department within hospital centers due to their significant cost/necessity for patients and their economic benefits for hospitals. In this paper, the authors consider patients that may require more than one surgery on the same day in the surgery scheduling problem which is a major technology enhancement in the health industry.Design/methodology/approachThe surgery scheduling includes both the preoperative and the postoperative units of the operative stage. Two objectives are considered in a lexicographic way: the minimization of the makespan while prioritizing the patients having two surgeries and the total completion time to perform. An adapted tabu-search algorithm is used to tackles this NP-hard scheduling problem.FindingsThe proposed schedule is more relevant for operating theaters as it integrates all stages of the surgical procedure and considers patients with more than one operation during the same day.Originality/valueThis paper is original as it considers patients who need more than one operation, which responds to real challenge faced by decision-makers' in hospitals. The application of the time lags between stages of the surgical procedure generates a good utilization of the hospital resources and makes the scheduling task more flexible.
Evaluation of reusability of bleaching earth in vegetable oil refining
Authors: Kılınççeker Güray , Sangün M. Kemal , Çelik Sema , Arslan Utku , Zarifi Farhad 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
Unrefined vegetable oils contain triglycerides and free fatty acids as the main ingredient, but besides, they contain waxes, phospholipids, tocopherols, β-carotene, chlorophyll and other trace amounts depending on the type of oil. Most undesirable substances such as residues, free fatty acids and phospholipids are separated in the neutralization process of the oil refining. As a pigment, β carotene is separated by the bleaching earth (BE) in the bleaching process. The BE is disposed of as waste after the bleaching process. In this study, waste BE, which is allocated for disposal, has become reusable.

Design/methodology/approach
For this purpose, the oil is separated from the BE by solvent extraction under room conditions. AOCS Ba 3-38, TS EN ISO 734, ISO 15305 and TS 324 standard methods were used.

Findings
As a result of the analysis, it was found that 1% of oil remained in the recovered BE. The recovered BE containing 1% oil was carbonized at 550oC for 1 and 2 h. The BE obtained after this process was used in the bleaching process at a rate of 1%. Reuse attempts were repeated seven times, colour-opening capacities were measured and BET analyses were performed to establish a relationship between surface area-discolouration capacity and reusability.

Originality/value
This study demonstrates that recovery of waste BE can be performed and if this reusability considers in the industrial scale, it will save on oil refining costs and reduce waste.
Light fading, rub and wash fastness of sulphur-dyed cotton fabrics aftertreated with cation–tannin protective system
Authors: Mohtashim Quratulain , Rigout Muriel , Siddique Sheraz Hussain 
Published: June 2020

PurposeSulphur dyes are the most highly consumed colourants for cellulosic substrates owing to their reasonable cost and acceptable fastness. However, the use of noxious conventional reducing agent, sodium sulphide and impaired wash fastness against oxidative bleaching is gradually decreasing the market of these dyes. As the need for “Green” goods and services is raising public awareness, this paper aims to use a glucose-based biodegradable reducing agent in place of sodium sulphide to dye cotton fabrics with a range of commercial sulphur dyes. The study also proposes an aftertreatment method to improve the fastness properties of the dyeing.Design/methodology/approachThe paper investigated the impact of a newly developed aftertreatment method on the fastness properties of dyeing. This involved the sequential application of a cationic fixing agent (Tinofix ECO) and tannin (Bayprotect CL) on the coloured fabrics and subsequent evaluation of colour strength, washing, light and rubbing fastness.FindingsThe effect of aftertreating the dyed cotton was found to significantly improve the light and wet rub fastness. The surface morphology of the dyeing remained unaffected as depicted by the absence of any finish residues.Research limitations/implicationsThe protective effect of the cation–tannin aftertreatments was examined with a view to providing the necessary commercial performance; however, it was established that the dry rub fastness was either reduced or remained unaffected and the wash fastness to International Organization for Standardization 105 C09 was also marginal.Originality/valueThis finishing technique is novel and can be found useful for manufacturing sulphur-dyed products with the improved light and wet rub fastness.