bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of low-dose metoprolol succinate sustained-release tablets on patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation undergoing circumferential pulmonaryvein isolation:a retrospective study
Authors: Ding Lijiang , Zhang Jianming , Li Binglei , Jin Huayong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
The atria, particularly those near the pulmonary vein ostium,have numerous autonomic neural plexuses. Circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) can reduce heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. Studies have suggested that continuing antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) for 1-year post-CPVI can reduce the recurrence of atrial arrhythmias within the year. However, the arrhythmogenic risk associated with AADs is notable. Currently, there is a shortage of adequate studies on the effectiveness and safety of using AADs following CPVI. This study evaluated the impact of low-dose sustained-release metoprolol succinate on Holter in individuals with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) after CPVI.
Methods
P with PAF who underwent initialCPVI at Shaoxing People’s Hospital between September 2022 and January 2024 were included. Patients underwent 24-h Holter monitoring before surgery and at 1 − 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after surgery. The participantswere separated into medication and non-medication groups according to their heart rate, blood pressure, and clinical experience.
Results
A total of 67 patients completed the 24-h Holter monitoring, with 33 receiving low-dose metoprolol succinate (medication group) and 34 not receiving AAD (non-medication group). No significant differences were observed in HRV parameters and arrhythmia data between the two groups or across the different time points.
Conclusion
Oral low-dose sustained-release metoprolol succinate tablets had no significant short-term effects on HRV parameters or arrhythmia data in patients with PAF post-CPVI. CPVI can cause autonomic dysfunction, and HRV parameters were gradually restored to normal 3-months post-surgery.
Does a vestibular incision improve tunnel technique outcomes? A randomized clinical trial of the treatment of recession type 1 single gingival recessions
Authors: Chen Ziyuan , Fan Keang , Xie Ying , Zhou Shuangying , Zhong Jinsheng , Ouyang Xiangying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
To compare the clinical, esthetic, and patient-reported outcomes of the vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA) technique and the modified tunnel (mTunnel) technique, both combined with connective tissue grafts (CTGs), for treating recession type 1 (RT1) single gingival recessions.
Methods
A total of 24 patients with single non-molar RT1 recessions were randomly assigned to the VISTA + CTG or the mTunnel + CTG group. A blinded examiner assessed the recession reduction (RecRed), mean root coverage (MRC), complete root coverage (CRC), keratinized tissue width, patient-reported outcomes, and root coverage esthetic score (RES).
Results
At 12 months, both groups achieved significant recession reduction. However, there were no significant differences in RecRed and MRC between the groups (VISTA: 2.38 ± 0.96 mm and 90.28 ± 18.06%, mTunnel: 2.08 ± 1.10 mm and 81.25 ± 29.16%; P = 1 and P = 0.834, respectively). The CRC was significantly higher in the VISTA group (VISTA: 75%, mTunnel: 50%; P < 0.001). Both groups obtained high RES scores (VISTA: 8.75 ± 1.14, mTunnel: 7.75 ± 2.99, P = 0.786), but the mTunnel group demonstrated significantly less scar formation (P = 0.014).
Conclusions
Both procedures effectively reduced recession in single RT1 recessions at 12-months. The VISTA technique, however, showed superior CRC results, though with increased scar formation at the vertical incision site.
Trial registration:
The trial had been registered prospectively at http://www.chictr.org.cnon19/12/2015 (Registration number: ChiCTR-INR-16007845), and structured according to the CONSORT statement.
Construction and validation of COVID-19 infection risk prediction model based on febrile seizures in children
Authors: Wu Haohao , Xue Ruohong , Wang Yue , Guan Shaoyong , Xu Fengming , Huang Baogang , Liu Jia , Qian Fang , Liang Xi , Fan Huijuan , He Fei , Du Kang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
To construct the risk prediction model of COVID-19 infection in FS.
Methods
Ninety children with FS were included, and the clinical data were collected for univariate regression analysis. The predictive factors for the risk of infection of COVID-19 were screened by LASSO regression analysis. The predictive model was constructed by nomogram, and verified by the ROC curve.
Results
The median ages of children in the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 group were 5.0 and 3.3 years, respectively. And there was males dominance in the COVID-19 group compared with non-COVID-19 group (p = 0.0174). The history of FS was more common in the non-COVID-19 group than in the COVID-19 group (p = 0.0146). The blood white blood cells levels (p < 0.0001), lymphocyte levels (p < 0.0001) and serum sodium levels of the COVID-19 group were lower than those of the non-COVID-19 group (p = 0.0098). The proportion of myelin sheath immature in the non-COVID-19 group was lower than that in the COVID-19 group (p = 0.0121). The LASSO regression analysis revealed gender (Coef.:-0.63586571), age (Coef.:0.60214948), lymphocyte levels (Coef.:-0.6587662), serum sodium levels (Coef.:-0.01968962), normal head MRI (Coef.:4.43661865), Other pathogen infection (Coef.:-3.2293900) and history of FS (Coef.:-3.18077790) were all predictive variables of COVID-19 infection risk. The predictive model was established by the above seven predictive variables, and the model discrimination was verified by AUC of the ROC curve. The traindata AUC was 0.965, testdata AUC was 0.864, and the slope of the correction curve was close to 1.
Conclusion
Male, elderly children, hyponatremia, and decreased lymphocyte levels indicated an increased probability of COVID-19 infection.
Impaired Health-Related Quality of Life in Hepatitis B Virus Carriers: A Comparative Study Using WHO-QOL-BREF
Authors: Balakosy Amira Mahmoud Al , Mohamed Marwa Ahmed , Hassan Azza , Badran Ethar Mokhtar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and Aim: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a multidimensional concept encompassing the physical, psychological, and social domains of health. Inactive hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers although apparently healthy have a lifelong chronic infection that might impose different challenges on their daily life. Understanding these impacts helps clinicians address the broader consequences of the disease on patients' well-being.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the HRQoL of HBV carriers compared to healthy controls using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHO-QOL-BREF) scale and to identify the most affected domains in HBV carriers
Patients and Methods: This a cross sectional prospective study where Chronic HBV patients attending to Viral Hepatitis outpatient clinic (OPC) at Ain Shams University were enrolled if they fulfilled criteria of chronic carrier state, undetectable or low (<2,000 IU/ml) HBV DNA levels and normal ALT (ULN <40 IU/L), healthy controls without past history of chronic illnesses were also included. To evaluate HRQL the World Health Organization Qualify of Life Assessment Instrument, Short Version (Arabic WHOQOL Bref) questionnaire was used. Scores were analyzed and compared between the two groups.
Results: 60 patients with chronic HBV infection proved to be in the carrier state by low viremia in whom HBV quantitative PCR was negative in 10 carriers (16.7%) and positive in 50 carriers the mean of which was 431±512), AST and ALT were within the normal range (20±7 and 20±9 IU/ML) respectively. The majority were females (62%) the mean of their age was 41±9 years, 55% had at least primary education, most of them were married (90%) and (36.7%) were housewife. The total score of HRQL in HBV carriers (77±19) is significantly lower than healthy controls (86±12) (p=0.001). In carriers the scores of the physical (23.5± 7), psychological (19±4.6) and environmental (22.5 ±6.3) domains were significantly lower compared to controls (29 ±4, 21 ±3 & 26 ±6) (p<0.001, p=0.001 &p=0.004) respectively and the highest difference was recorded in the physical domain. Factors such as age, co-morbidities, and laboratory findings did not significantly influence the overall QOL scores; however, females had lower scores in the psychological domain compared to males (p = 0.05).
Conclusion: HBV carriers have impaired quality of life & the physical function is mainly affected.
Preoperative computed tomography assessment of peri-hip muscles in patients with femoral neck fracture and its impact on postoperative walking function
Authors: Yokoyama Katsuya , Ukai Taku , Ogawa Makoto , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The role of preoperative peri-hip muscles in postoperative walking ability for patients with femoral neck fractures is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the influence of these muscles on postoperative walking function using computed tomography (CT).
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 58 patients (12 male, 46 female) who underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures between January 2018 and July 2021. Patients were followed up for at least six months postoperatively and divided into two groups: the independent walking group (41 patients) and the non-walking group (17 patients). Patient data, including sex, age at surgery, body mass index (BMI), and preoperative walking status, were compared. Additionally, preoperative CT scans assessed the cross-sectional areas and CT values of the gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, and rectus femoris muscles on the unaffected side. These measurements were compared between the two groups.
Results
No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding sex, age, BMI, or preoperative walking status. The CT values of the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus were significantly lower in the non-walking group (P < 0.01), while no significant differences were found for the rectus femoris. Cross-sectional areas of all of the muscles did not show significant differences. In ROC curve analysis, the gluteus medius had an AUC of 0.86, with a sensitivity of 0.78 and specificity of 0.82, using a cut-off of 33.1 Hounsfield units (HU). The gluteus maximus had an AUC of 0.77, with a sensitivity of 0.63 and specificity of 0.77, using a cutoff of 31.6 HU.
Conclusions
Preoperative CT values of the gluteus medius and gluteus maximus were lower in the non-walking group, suggesting that these muscles influence postoperative walking ability. Preoperative CT evaluation of these muscles can be a useful predictor of postoperative walking outcomes.
The association between four dietary indices and mortality risk in cardiovascular disease patients
Authors: Pan Mengshan , Yin Tongle , Yang Ying , Zhu Feiyun , Xu Jiamin , Chen Rucheng , Zheng Weijun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Four dietary patterns were linked to lower mortality rates in cardiovascular patients. This study investigated the relationship between these dietary patterns and mortality risk in U.S. cardiovascular patients from 2005–2006 to 2017–2018.
Methods
Data were collected from adults aged 19 years and older participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, N = 3475) from 2005–2006 to 2017–2018. Dietary patterns were assessed for each survey cycle using 24-hour dietary recalls, and scores for the four dietary indices were calculated.Survey-weighted multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to evaluate the associations between the four dietary indices and overall mortality risk, as well as cause-specific mortality in cardiovascular disease patients.
Results
Among 3475 cardiovascular patients, the weighted mean age was 65.03 years (SE = 0.35). In partially adjusted models, the Planetary Healthy Diet Index-United States (HR = 0.986, 95% CI: 0.981–0.991, P < 0.001), Healthy Eating Index (HR = 0.992, 95% CI: 0.987–0.997, P = 0.003), and Mediterranean Diet Score (HR = 0.879, 95% CI: 0.806–0.959, P = 0.004) were associated with a reduced risk of death. Conversely, the Dietary Inflammation Index was linked to an increased risk of death (HR = 1.140, 95% CI: 1.081–1.203, P < 0.001). In fully adjusted models, the Planetary Healthy Diet Index-United States (HR = 0.992, 95% CI: 0.986–0.998, P = 0.007) and Dietary Inflammation Index (HR = 1.093, 95% CI: 1.036–1.152, P = 0.001) remained significantly associated with mortality risk.
Conclusions
Results indicated that in cardiovascular patients, higher Healthy Eating Index, Mediterranean Diet Score, and Planetary Healthy Diet Index-United States (PHDI-US) were associated with reduced mortality, whereas a higher Dietary Inflammation Index (DII) was linked to increased mortality. The Dietary Inflammation Index (DII) score was strongly associated with mortality risk in patients with coronary heart disease or stroke, while the Planetary Healthy Eating Index (PHDI-US) score was closely associated with mortality risk in patients with congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, and angina pectoris.
Uninhabitable cities: urban temperatures outside the climate niche in 2100
Authors: Friesen John , Taubenböck Hannes 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study evaluates the projected impacts of future temperature increases on urban populations across 1,500 cities with over 300,000 inhabitants globally. By integrating downscaled climate data, population projections, and urban morphology, we identify cities at risk of surpassing the 29°C threshold of mean annual temperature, marking the upper limit of the human climate niche. Under three climate scenarios (SSP126, SSP370, and SSP585), our projections for 2100 suggest that 29 cities (SSP126) to 215 cities (SSP585), housing approximately 60 million (SSP126) to 446 million (SSP370) people, may exceed this critical threshold. These findings underscore the challenges for urban livability, particularly in regions such as Africa, South America, and Asia.
Exploring natural variability in the mulberry (Morus indica) cultivar, Kanva-2 through clonal selection
Authors: R RAVI KUMARA , H.B. MANJUNATHA 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Mulberry (Morus spp.) is a crucial plant in sericulture, serving as the sole food source for the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Clonal selection in mulberry is a strategic approach to leveraging natural variability for the development of improved cultivars. This method enables the identification and propagation of superior clones that exhibit desirable traits, such as enhanced leaf quality, growth vigor, and adaptability to varying environmental conditions. In the present study; we identified 11 clonal variants from the cultivar Kanva-2 (K-2) through field surveys. These clonally selected genotypes were designated as CS-1, CS-2, CS-3, CS-4, CS-5, CS-6, CS-7, CS-8, CS-9, CS-10, and CS-11, and underwent detailed characterization of their morphometric and molecular traits. The clonally-derived genotypes exhibited distinct features compared to their mother plant, K-2. Notably, genotypes CS-1, CS-4, CS-5, and CS-6 demonstrated improved leaf yield and quality traits, highlighting their potential advantages over the original cultivar. These genotypes can be utilized in breeding programs or to enrich germplasm resources.
Fluid chemistry and circulation patterns from typical convective hydrothermal system on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Yang Lu , Lu Rui , Liu Bo , Xie Wenping , Zhu Jinshou , Lin Wenjing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The northeastern Tibetan Plateau is abundant with intermediate to low-temperature geothermal resources, with hot springs varying significantly among locations and tectonic conditions. Understanding the causes of these differences is crucial. This research specifically examines the Wahongshan-Wenquan Fracture Zone (Area Ⅰ) and the Zhiduo-Yushu Mountainous Zone (Area Ⅱ) in Qinghai Province. Hydrochemical and gas isotope data were collected from convective hydrothermal systems in these distinct tectonic settings. A comparative analysis of geothermal fluid geochemical characteristics and sources was conducted using fluid geochemistry methods. Results show that hot water in the igneous rocks of Area Ⅰ is mainly of Cl-Na type, while in the carbonate rocks of Area Ⅱ, it is primarily of HCO3-Ca•Mg type. The salts in the former come from silicate mineral dissolution, while the solutes in the latter are primarily influenced by carbonate rock breakdown. Igneous thermal reservoirs have higher temperatures and greater fluid circulation depths than carbonate reservoirs. Geothermal gases in both regions are dominated by N2 of atmospheric origin. Most of He originates from the crust, with mantle contributions not exceeding 5%. High CO2 content (14%) in certain carbonate reservoirs is mainly of inorganic metamorphic origin. Both regions are medium-low temperature convective geothermal systems, primarily driven by crustal heat. However, isotopic analysis suggests that the carbonate reservoirs in the Zhiduo-Yushu Mountains have a higher mantle contribution than those in the Wahongshan-Wenquan Fracture Zone. This study summarizes the fluid circulation patterns in these two regions, revealing regional and tectonic influences on fluid sources and transport mechanisms. It provides a theoretical framework for developing and utilizing geothermal assets on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau.
Photoexcited Hole and Electron-Polaron Entangled Photocatalytic Reaction on Metal Oxide Surface
Authors: Zhao Jin , Gao Chang , Tan Shijing , Chu Weibin , Wang Bing , Petek Hrvoje , Zheng Qijing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Analyzing dynamics at both temporal and spatial scales of surface photocarrier interactions is pivotal for optimizing the photocatalytic chemical activity. Taking the photocatalytic conversion of CH3OH to HCOOCH3 on TiO2 surface as a prototypical system, we elucidate the correlated time- and spatial- evolution of photoexcited electron-hole (e-h) pairs, defining the polaron-catalyzed molecule-surface chemistry at the ab initio theory level. The photocatalytic process is driven by two photoexcited holes, each inducing C-H bond cleavage via a proton coupled electron transfer (PCET). It leads to the formation of HCOOCH3, with a pair of protons adsorbed on bridge oxygen atoms and the release of two electrons, forming two small polarons. The entire reaction occurs on picosecond timescale. Photoexcited electrons do not directly participate in the reaction but form small polarons in TiO2 within tens of femtoseconds, which lowers reactant energy and suppress the photocatalytic efficiency. This study illuminates novel insights on the design and optimization of surface photocatalytic reactions.
NIPBL 5'UTR Mutation: A Molecular Switch in Cohesin Complex- Related CdLS
Authors: Chen Qingqing , Chen Yonghua , Zou Chaochun , Wang Chunlin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is a prevalent cohesinopathy, frequently arising from mutations in genes encoding components of the cohesin complex, with NIPBL being the most commonly affected. This study aimed to investigate the consequences of a 5' untranslated region (UTR) mutation (c.-467 C > T) in the NIPBL gene on gene expression, cohesin complex integrity, and cellular development. Utilizing CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated a heterozygous cell line harboring the NIPBL 5'UTR mutation and employed a suite of molecular biology techniques, including RNA secondary structure prediction, luciferase reporter assays, and RT-pcr, to evaluate the mutation's impact. Our findings indicate that the 5'UTR mutation introduces an additional upstream open reading frame (uORF), resulting in diminished mRNA and protein expression levels of NIPBL. This reduction in NIPBL expression correlated with a downregulation of RAD21, a pivotal component of the cohesin complex, and a decrease in nuclear β-catenin levels, thereby affecting cell proliferation. This study elucidates that the 5'UTR mutation in NIPBL contributes to CdLS by disrupting gene expression and cellular processes, underscoring the significance of 5'UTR elements in the regulation of gene expression and the potential ramifications of sequence variations within this region. Our results advance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CdLS and may inform the development of targeted therapeutic interventions.
A mathematical analysis of a competition and cooperation model between two enterprises with delay based on ecology theory: Case of Orange and Telmob in Burkina Faso
Authors: Ouedraogo Wendkouni , Ouedraogo Hamidou 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The work presented in this manuscript is part of the general framework of mathematical problems concerning the economics phenomenon modelling. The main objective is the formulation and study of a competition and cooperation model between two companies with delay based in ecology theory. This model describe the dynamic of two enterprises Orange and Telmob in Burkina Faso. We present some mathematical results concerning the solution existence, the stability of the model equilibria. Moreover the two enterprises are uniformly weakly persistent and the solution goes to a pseudo almost periodic solution if and only if $\mathcal{R}_{\theta} <1$. Some numerical simulations are performed using the economical values, are done to illustrate these results.
FTLinear: MLP based on Fourier Transform for Multivariate Time-series Forecasting
Authors: Ouyang Junjie , Li Yan , Pan Qijing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Most existing multivariate time series forecasting models are based on Recurrent Neural Networks(RNNs), Graph Neural Networks(GNNs), and Transformers, which leads to high model complexity. Although linear models based on Multi-layer Perceptrons(MLPs) have the advantages of low complexity and high performance, they fail to capture the long-term dependencies in time series, resulting in poor forecasting performance. This paper proposes a linear model based on Fourier Transform, FTLinear, which first converts the time series to the frequency domain, then uses frequency enhancement to remove noise from the data, and finally obtains the output through a simple linear transformation. Experimental results show that the proposed model improves MSE and MAE by 18.48% and 8.03% respectively compared to iTransformer, by 12.03% and 2.35% respectively compared to PatchTST, and by 17.75% and 7.52% respectively compared to DLinear on 8 public datasets. This demonstrates that converting time series to the frequency domain can provide the model with a global perspective, enhancing its ability to capture long-term dependencies and thus improving forecasting performance.