bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver transplantation outcomes after transarterial chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wallace D , Cowling T E , Walker K , Suddle A , Gimson A , Rowe I , Callaghan C , Sapisochin G , Mehta N , Heaton N , van der Meulen J 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) awaiting liver transplantation is widespread, although evidence that it improves outcomes is lacking and there exist concerns about morbidity. The impact of TACE on outcomes after transplantation was evaluated in this study.

Methods
Patients with HCC who had liver transplantation in the UK were identified, and stratified according to whether they received TACE between 2006 and 2016. Cox regression methods were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for death and graft failure after transplantation adjusted for donor and recipient characteristics.

Results
In total, 385 of 968 patients (39·8 per cent) received TACE. Five-year patient survival after transplantation was similar in those who had or had not received TACE: 75·2 (95 per cent c.i. 68·8 to 80·5) and 75·0 (70·5 to 78·8) per cent respectively. After adjustment for donor and recipient characteristics, there were no differences in mortality (HR 0·96, 95 per cent c.i. 0·67 to 1·38; P = 0·821) or graft failure (HR 1·01, 0·73 to 1·40; P = 0·964). The number of TACE treatments (2 or more versus 1: HR 0·97, 0·61 to 1·55; P = 0·903) or the time of death after transplantation (within or after 90 days; P = 0·291) did not alter the outcome. The incidence of hepatic artery thrombosis was low in those who had or had not received TACE (1·3 and 2·4 per cent respectively; P = 0·235).

Conclusion
TACE delivered to patients with HCC before liver transplant did not affect complications, patient death or graft failure after transplantation.
An idea to explore: A collaboration and cross training in an extended classroom‐based undergraduate research experience between primarily undergraduate and research‐intensive institutions
Authors: Pufall Miles A. , Wilson Anne M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProviding students with training in advanced laboratory skills is an essential part of scientific education. At the same time, engaging students in research is becoming equally important. Classroom‐based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) have emerged to fill this need, and can take many forms. In this article we describe reengineering an advanced organic synthesis laboratory at a primarily undergraduate institution into a CURE. This objective of this CURE is to provide small molecules relevant to an ongoing research program at a research‐intensive institution. This new model cross trains students and provides a new structure for a CURE that could be adapted to other partnerships and institutions.
Residues, dissipation and risk evaluation of spiroxamine in open‐field‐grown strawberries using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Malhat Farag M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe dissipation dynamic and residues of spiroxamine in open‐field‐grown strawberries were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Spiroxamine application was performed according to Egyptian good agricultural practices recommendation. A QuEChERS‐based extraction method along with direct analysis with an LC–MS/MS analytical method were optimized and validated, and the specificity of the techniques used was considered satisfactory. Good linearity (R2 > 0.999) was obtained for spiroxamine within the range of 0.001–0.1 μg/ml. The mean recoveries varied between 97.1 and 108.2%, with inter‐ and intra‐day precision (RSD) <4.9%. The limit of quantitation for spiroxamine was 0.001 mg/kg. The results indicated that spiroxamine degradation in strawberry followed first–order kinetics (R2 > 0.9929) with an estimated half‐life value of 4.71 days. Considering the Australian maximum residue limit (0.05 mg/kg) in strawberry and based on the results from residue trials with a preharvest interval of 14 days for strawberry, compliance can be expected. The present results could provide guidance to fully evaluate the risks of spiroxamine residues, preventing any potential health risk to consumers.
Knockdown of HIF1A‐AS2 suppresses TRIM44 to protect cardiomyocytes against hypoxia‐induced injury
Authors: Luo Fang , Wu Yitian , Zhu Liying , Zhang Jun , Liu Yixin , Jia Weiguo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) is a common cardiovascular disease characterized by an interruption of blood and oxygen supply to the heart, which results in gradual damage to the myocardial tissue and ultimately heart failure. The role of long non‐coding RNAs in the pathology of MI remains in its infancy, but has been implicated in MI and other heart conditions. For example, the expression of a non‐coding RNA hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF1A)‐antisense RNA 2 (HIF1A‐AS2) has previously been linked to coronary heart disease, however, whether HIF1A‐AS2 expression is also high in MI has not been addressed. Here, we report that HIF1A‐AS2 is upregulated in hypoxia‐treated human cardiomyocytes (HMCs) compared with normal cardiomyocytes, and that silenced HIF1A‐AS2 inhibited apoptosis and facilitated viability, migration, and invasion of HMCs. Our data suggested that in MI, HIF1A‐AS2 upregulation was associated with miR‐623, which promoted expression of tripartite motif containing 44 (TRIM44). Moreover, by upregulating TRIM44 we were able to remedy the HIF1A‐AS2 repression of apoptosis in HMCs. Thus, we conclude that cardiomyocytes can be protected against hypoxic‐treated injury by knockdown of HIF1A‐AS2, which suppresses TRIM44, and that HIF1A‐AS2 overexpression is a prognostic indicator of MI.
Comparison of revascularization strategies in patients with acute coronary syndrome and multivessel coronary disease: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Khan Mohammad Saud , Khan Abdur Rahman , Khan Abdullah Irfan , Seo Michael , Yasmin Farah , Usman Muhammad Shariq , Moustafa Abdelmoniem , Schmid Christopher H. , Kalra Ankur , Ikram Sohail 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhether revascularization should be performed as multivessel intervention at the time of index procedure (MV‐index), staged procedure (MV‐staged), or culprit only intervention (COI) in patients with multivessel disease (MVD) presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is unclear. We performed a systematic review and network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials to assess the optimal revascularization strategy in this patient population.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases were systematically searched to identify all relevant studies. The outcomes assessed were major cardiac adverse events (MACE), all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and revascularization. A Bayesian random‐effects network meta‐analysis was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) with credible interval (CrI).ResultsThirteen studies with 8,066 patients were included in the analysis. There was a decreased risk of MACE (MV‐index vs. COI: OR, 0.35; 95% CrI, 0.23–0.55; MV‐staged vs COI: OR, 0.52; 95% CrI, 0.31–0.81) and revascularization (MV‐index vs. COI: OR, 0.27; 95% CrI, 0.15–0.49; MV‐staged vs. COI: OR, 0.38; 95% CrI, 0.19–0.70) with MV‐index intervention and MV‐staged intervention compared with COI. However, MV‐index intervention and not MV‐staged intervention was associated with a decreased risk of MI (MV‐index vs. COI: OR, 0.35; 95% CrI, 0.12–0.93; MV‐staged vs. COI: OR, 0.65; 95% CrI, 0.24–1.59) compared with COI.ConclusionsOur analysis suggests that multivessel intervention either at index procedure or as staged intervention may be more efficacious compared to COI in patients with MVD presenting with ACS.
Coherent point drift peak alignment algorithms using distance and similarity measures for two‐dimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometry data
Authors: Li Zeyu , Kim Seongho , Zhong Sikai , Zhong Zichun , Kato Ikuko , Zhang Xiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe peak alignment is a vital preprocessing step before downstream analysis, such as biomarker discovery and pathway analysis, for two‐dimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometry (2DGCMS)–based metabolomics data. Due to uncontrollable experimental conditions, for example, the differences in temperature or pressure, matrix effects on samples, and stationary phase degradation, a shift of retention times among samples inevitably occurs during 2DGCMS experiments, making it difficult to align peaks. Various peak alignment algorithms have been developed to correct retention time shifts for homogeneous, heterogeneous, or both types of mass spectrometry data. However, almost all existing algorithms have been focused on a local alignment and are suffering from low accuracy especially when aligning dense biological data with many peaks. We have developed four global peak alignment (GPA) algorithms using coherent point drift (CPD) point matching algorithms: retention time‐based CPD‐GPA (RT), prior CPD‐GPA (P), mixture CPD‐GPA (M), and prior mixture CPD‐GPA (P + M). Method RT performs the peak alignment based only on the retention time distance, while methods P, M, and P + M carry out the peak alignment using both the retention time distance and mass spectral similarity. Method P incorporates the mass spectral similarity through prior information, and Methods M and P + M use the mixture distance measure. Four developed algorithms are applied to homogeneous and heterogeneous spiked‐in data as well as two real biological data and compared with three existing algorithms, mSPA, SWPA, and BiPACE‐2D. The results show that our CPD‐GPA algorithms perform better than all existing algorithms in terms of F1 score.
Extraction of Graphene Nanostructures from Colocasia esculenta and Nelumbo nucifera Leaves and Surface Functionalization with Tin Oxide: Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Mohan Anu N. , .B Manoj 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExpeditious evolution of antimicrobial resistance in recent years has been identified as a growing concern by various health organizations around the world. Herein, facile and environmentally benign production of highly antibacterial carbonaceous nanomaterials from Colocasia esculenta and Nelumbo nucifera leaves is reported. After carbonization and oxidative treatment, smaller graphene domains are formed in Colocasia esculenta derivatives, whereas larger sheetlike structures are observed in the case of Nelumbo nucifera. Smaller particle size makes quantum confinement effects more prominent, as is evident in fine‐tuning of the photoluminescence emission after each stage of treatment. The influence of precursor materials on the antibacterial properties of the nanosystems is also demonstrated. When microbiocidal activity was tested against model bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the nanocomposite derived from Colocasia esculenta leaves showed higher activity than the antibiotic drug clarithromycin (control) with a measured zone of inhibition of 40±0.5 mm. This is one of the highest values reported in comparison with plant‐based carbon–silver nanosystems. Quantitative analysis revealed that the nanocomposite obtained from Colocasia esculenta leaves has antimicrobial efficacy equivalent to those of commercial antibiotic drugs and is able to eradicate bacteria at much lower concentrations than that obtained from Nelumbo nucifera leaves.
Solvent Dependence of the Monomer–Dimer Equilibrium of Ketone‐Substituted Triscatecholate Titanium(IV) Complexes
Authors: Kwamen A. Carel N. , Jenniches Judith , Oppel Iris M. , Albrecht Markus 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHierarchical helicates based on ketone‐substituted titanium(IV)triscatecholates show different monomer‐dimer behavior depending on different solvents. The dimerization constants of a whole series of differently alkyl‐substituted complexes is analyzed to show that the solvent has a very strong influence on the dimerization. Hereby, effects like solvophobicity/philicity, sterics, electronics of the substituents and weak side‐chain—side‐chain interactions seem to act in concert.
Hollow Structured Metal Sulfides for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Tomboc Gracita M. , Gadisa Bekelcha Tesfaye , Joo Jinwhan , Kim Hern , Lee Kwangyeol 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMetal sulfides (MSs) are a promising class of materials for photocatalytic hydrogen generation due to their distinct features of photosensitivity, electrical conductance, and photoelectrochemical stability. However, the photocatalytic activity of solid structured MSs is often compromised due to low incident photon absorption, high charge carrier recombination, inadequate catalytic active sites, and slow mass and charge diffusion. The development of hollow structured MSs alleviates these limitations and achieves higher H2 generation than solid structured counterparts. This minireview aims to review the recent advances in the development of synthetic methods for various hollow structured MSs that are designed to enhance light absorption and fasten mass diffusion. Particularly, this report highlights the advent of sophisticated heterostructured hollow MSs for the application in photocatalysis, in which the formation of heterojunction at the semiconductor interface ensures spatial separation of charge carriers. The synergy between the hollow structure and heterostructure dramatically increases the H2 generation rate by providing increased light absorption, delayed charge recombination, and accelerated mass diffusion. We also point to potentially fruitful research directions in this field, in hope that this minireview serves as a stepping stone for the future development in hollow MSs for photocatalytic applications and beyond.
Complementing Nanoscale Galvanic Exchange with Redox Manipulation toward Architectural Control of Multimetallic Hollow Nanostructures
Authors: Li Guangfang Grace , Wang Zixin , Wang Hui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGalvanic exchange occurring within the confinement by nanoparticulate templates provides a unique pathway to controllably transform solid metallic nanoparticles into architecturally more sophisticated multimetallic hollow nanostructures under facile reaction conditions. In this Minireview, we elaborately discuss how the nanoparticle‐templated galvanic exchange can be deliberately coupled with redox manipulation to synthesize a large library of complex multimetallic hollow nanostructures exhibiting precisely tailored architectures and compositions, with a particular emphasis on important mechanistic insights concerning the dynamic interplay among multiple structure‐remodeling processes that synergistically dictate the versatile nanoparticle transforming behaviors during kinetically and regioselectively modulated galvanic exchange reactions.
Indole‐Based Aza[n]helicenes (n=5, 6) with Violet‐Blue Fluorescence and Two‐Photon Absorption (TPA)
Authors: Hu Zhenhao , Li Li , Liu Zhi , Liu Zhiqiang , Zhang Dingchao , Li Kunlun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of indole‐based helicenes, namely, 15‐hexyl‐15H‐tetraphenyl[1,2‐e]indole (HTPI), 14‐hexyl‐14H‐benzo[4’,5’]thieno [2’,3’:7,8]naphtha[1,2‐e]indole (HBTNI), 7‐hexyl‐7H‐indolo[5,4‐k] phenanthridine (HIPD) and 3‐hexyl‐3H‐phenanthro[4,3‐e]indole (HPI) were successfully synthesized by three‐ or four‐step reactions. They exhibited good solubility and high thermal stability of Td=247, 388, 294 and 251 °C, respectively. These compounds emit violet‐blue light with maximum emission peaks at 415, 397, 397 and 391 nm in hexane. Among them, HBTNI had excellent thermal stability, narrow and sharp emission peaks, and highest photoluminescence quantum yield (0.32). Thus, HBTNI was an ideal candidate for the violet‐blue emitters of OLEDs. Furthermore, the four compounds had two‐photon absorption and two‐photon excited fluorescence. HTPI showed the maximum TPA with the TPA cross‐section (δ) of 171.5 GM at 770 nm. They were rare examples of helicenes with both violet‐blue emission and TPA.
Progressive Folding and Adaptive Multivalent Recognition of Alkyl Amines and Amino Acids in p‐Sulfonatocalix[4]arene Hosts: Solid‐State and Solution Studies
Authors: Dai Liya , Feng Wei‐Xu , Zheng Shao‐Ping , Jiang Ji‐Jun , Wang Dawei , van der Lee Arie , Dumitrescu Dan , Barboiu Mihail 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCalix[4]arenes have the ability to encapsulate biomimetic guests, offering interesting opportunities to explore their molecular recognition, very close to biological scenarios. In this study, p‐sulfonatocalix[4]arene (C4 A) anions and hydrated alkali cations have been used for the in situ recognition of cationic 1,ω‐diammonium‐alkanes and 1,ω‐amino‐acids of variable lengths. NMR spectroscopy illustrates that these systems are stable in aqueous solution and the interaction process involves several binding states or stabilized conformations within the C4 A anion, depending of the nature of the guest. DOSY experiments showed that monomeric 1 : 1 host–guest species are present, while the cation does not influence their self‐assembly in solution. The folded conformations observed in the solid‐state X‐ray single‐crystal structures shed light on the constitutional adaptivity of flexible chains to environmental factors. Futhermore, a comprehensive screening of 30 single crystal structures helped to understand the in situ conformational fixation and accurate determination of the folded structures of the confined guest molecules, with a compression up to 40 % compared with their linear conformations.
Self‐compassion and emotion regulation difficulties in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Eichholz Angelika , Schwartz Caroline , Meule Adrian , Heese Julia , Neumüller Jakob , Voderholzer Ulrich 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLack of self‐compassion and deficits in emotion regulation are associated with various psychopathological symptoms and may play a role in the development and maintenance of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, further empirical research is still needed to better understand these constructs in the context of this disorder. The present study investigated the relation between self‐compassion, emotion regulation difficulties, obsessive beliefs, and obsessive–compulsive symptom severity in 90 patients with OCD using self‐report questionnaires. Symptom severity and obsessive beliefs were negatively correlated to self‐compassion and positively associated with emotion regulation difficulties. Additionally, self‐compassion showed a negative relation to emotion regulation difficulties. Emotion regulation difficulties—but not self‐compassion—predicted symptom severity when controlling for obsessive beliefs and depression in a hierarchical regression analysis. Further analyses showed that emotion regulation deficits mediated the relationship between self‐compassion and OCD symptom severity. Our results provide preliminary evidence that targeting self‐compassion and putting more emphasis on emotion regulation deficits might be promising treatment approaches for patients with OCD. Future studies could investigate which specific interventions that directly address these variables improve treatment outcome.
Exploring the association of social comparison with depression and anxiety: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: McCarthy Peter A. , Morina Nexhmedin 
Published: March 2020

Research has highlighted the role of social comparison processes in varying affect and psychological wellbeing. These processes can provide greater insight into cognitions and behaviours related to depression and anxiety disorders. This review aimed to examine the relationship of social comparison with depression and anxiety in clinically relevant samples, using a process‐based approach.Studies of clinical and subclinical populations that utilized observational or experimental social comparison assessment were considered for review. A systematic literature search in Medline and PsycInfo databases produced 54 relevant studies (49 studies on adults and five on child and adolescent populations), 14 of which were suitable for a meta‐analysis.A meta‐analysis of the association of social comparison evaluation with depression and anxiety in clinical populations revealed weighted correlations of −0.53 and − 0.39, respectively. No subclinical studies were included in a meta‐analysis due to a lack of comparable outcomes. Evidence suggests differences between depression and anxiety disorders in information seeking, where frequency and diversity of social comparisons vary; however, studies comparing disorders are lacking. Heterogeneity of experimental studies precluded inclusion in a meta‐analysis. A narrative review of experimental data indicated depression and anxiety status is related to reactions to upward comparisons in the domains of affect and behaviour, where individual differences in evaluation can determine affective reactions and how comparison information is further sought.This review suggests social comparison has a significant association with depression and anxiety. However, the limited number of studies with clinical populations necessitates further research on social comparison processes in clinical samples.
The influence of storage temperature on fracture behavior of cryopreserved teeth—An in vitro study
Authors: Angermair Johannes , Nolte Dirk , Linsenmann Robert , Kunzelmann Karl‐Heinz 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesCryopreservation is discussed as a viable method of preserving teeth for determined autogenous tooth transplantation. Unchanged physical properties of hard tooth tissues are crucial for functional healing. Due to different thermal expansion coefficients of enamel and dentin or the crystallization process, the freezing process may lead to crack formation, which could adversely impact the long‐term prognosis of the teeth.Material and methodsTwenty third molars (n = 20) were frozen slowly using a conservative cryopreservation protocol and stored at −80°C (group 1) and −196°C (group 2). After a storage time of 2 weeks, the samples were thawed to a temperature of +36°C and embedded in polymethyl methacrylate blocks. Cyclic loading was carried out using a spherical steel test specimen with 50,000 mechanical load cycles, followed by load to failure testing for determination of critical load.ResultsNo significant difference in the first load drop could be detected during the load to failure test under different storage conditions. The values until fracture correlated very closely in contralateral tooth pairs, which emphasizes the importance of crown geometry in load to failure tests.ConclusionsConclusions: Cryopreservation, specifically the storage temperature, does not appear to have a significant effect on the physical properties of tooth transplants.