bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survivin regulates Bad gene expression by binding to its promoter and modulates cell cycle and apoptosis in esophageal carcinoma cell
Authors: CHEN YAN , BIEERKEHAZHI SHAYAHATI , LI XIUMEI , MA LILI , YIBULAYIN WARESIJIANG , RAN JIHUA 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the eighth most prevalent cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. As an anti-apoptotic and a pro-apoptotic protein respectively, survivin and Bad play important role in carcinogenesis of the most human cancers including EC. However the regulatory relationships between them remain unclear. We sought to investigate the effects of survivin knockdown and overexpression on the expression of Bad gene, cell cycle progression and apoptosis of esophageal carcinoma cell. The mRNA expression levels of survivin and Bad were determined in EC tissue samples. The knockdown and overexpression experiments were performed in ECA109 and KYSE450 cells via transfection with survivin overexpression and shRNA plasmids. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect mRNA and protein expression respectively. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. The chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was conducted to determine the binding sites of survivin on the promoter of Bad gene. By analyzing the mRNA expression of survivin and Bad in 40 ESCC patient specimens, we found that the positive expression rate of survivin in tumor tissues(88%, 35/40) was remarkably high, compared with the distal non-tumor tissues (48%, 19/40, p<0.01). On the other hand, the positive expression rate of Bad in tumor tissues (70%, 28/40) was remarkably low, compared with the distal non-tumor tissues (95%, 38/40, p<0.01). Overxpression of survivin decreases Bad mRNA and protein expression, and promotes transformation of cell cycle to S phase. Conversely, knockdown of survivin increases Bad mRNA and protein expression, and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. ChIP assays indicate that survivin directly binds to the Bad promoter region, diminishing the transcriptional activity of Bad. In conclusion, the result suggested that survivin regulates Bad gene expression by binding to its promoter and modulates cell cycle and apoptosis in esophageal carcinoma cell.
WITHDRAWN: Anticancer potential of musa × paradisiaca as cervical carcinoma and malignant melanoma
Authors: Deep Aakash , Upadhyay Om Narayan , Nandal Rimmy , Kumar Sanjiv , Sharma Arun Kumar , Wadhwa Deepak 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This study was performed to assess the anticancer potential of Musa × pardisiaca L. It has several traditional benefits due to the presence of various bioactive compounds. Ethyl acetate extract of leaves was prepared and characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Compounds ( 1-40 ) were isolated from leaves, out of which two major compounds i.e. eugenol and phytol are potentially responsible for anticancer activity and oxidative stress. In vitro cytotoxicity of extract showed significant inhibition of cells in cervical carcinoma and malignant melanoma when treated by MTT assay against Hela and A375 cell lines. Ethyl acetate extract of musa × paradisiaca L. shown anticervical carcinoma and anti-malignant melanoma activity in our study.
Predicting in-hospital mortality for patients admitted from the emergency department: An initial alarm score for inpatient care
Authors: Hsieh Ming-Ju , Hsu Nin-Chieh , Lin Yu-Feng , Shu Chin-Chung , Chiang Wen-Chu , Ma Huei-Ming Matthew , Sheng Wang-Huei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The in-hospital mortality of patients admitted from the emergency department (ED) is high, but no appropriate initial alarm score is available. Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled ED-admitted patients in hospitalist-care wards and analyzed the predictors for seven-day in-hospital mortality from May 2010 to October 2016. Two-thirds were randomly assigned to a derivation cohort for development of the model and cross-validation was performed in the validation cohort. Results: During the study period, 8,649 patients were enrolled for analysis. The mean age was 71.05 years, and 51.91% were male. The most common admission diagnoses were pneumonia (36%) and urinary tract infection (20.05%). In the derivation cohort, multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression revealed that a low Barthel index score, triage level 1 at the ED, presence of cancer, metastasis, and admission diagnoses of pneumonia and sepsis were independently associated with seven-day in-hospital mortality. Based on the probability developed from the multivariable model, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in the derivation group was 0.81 [0.79–0.85]. The result in the validation cohort was comparable. The prediction score modified by the six independent factors had high sensitivity of 88.03% and a negative predictive value of 99.51% for a cutoff value of 4, whereas the specificity and positive predictive value were 89.61% and 10.55%, respectively, when the cutoff value was a score of 6. Conclusion: The seven-day in-hospital mortality in a hospitalist-care ward is 2.8%. The initial alarm score could help clinicians to prioritize or exclude patients who need urgent and intensive care.
The role of HMGB1 in invasive Candida albicans infection
Authors: Wang Jiaojiao , Wu Chuanxin , Wang Yunying , Chen Chongxiang , Cheng Jing , Rao Xiaolong , Sun Hang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), an important “late” inflammatory mediator, is a therapeutic target for bacterial sepsis. Ethyl pyruvate (EP) has anti-inflammatory effects, and prevents bacterial sepsis by decreasing HMGB1 levels. However, the role of HMGB1 in fungal sepsis is still unclear. Therefore, we investigated HMGB1 mRNA and protein levels in serum and tissue from patients and mice with invasive C. albicans infection. We explored the anti-HMGB1 effects of EP, which may be of benefit in the diagnosis and treatment of invasive C. albicans infections. Methods: We measured serum HMGB1 mRNA and protein levels in four different patient groups: 23 control subjects (group 1), 35 patients with sepsis without fungal infection (group 2), 35 patients with severe sepsis without fungal infection (group 3), and 23 patients with severe sepsis with C. albicans infection (group 4). We collected clinical indices to estimate correlations between HMGB1 levels and disease severity. Furthermore, we experimentally stimulated mice with C. albicans and C. albicans + EP, and examined HMGB1 mRNA and protein levels from serum and tissue. We determined liver and kidney functions, investigated pathological changes in tissues and assessed mortality. We also investigated serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in these animals. Results: Serum HMGB1 mRNA and protein levels in patients with severe sepsis with C. albicans infection were elevated. Increased HMGB1 levels were correlated with procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), 1,3-β-D-Glucan (BDG) and C. albicans sepsis severity. HMGB1 mRNA and protein levels in serum and tissues were significantly increased within seven days after mice were infected with C. albicans. The administration of EP inhibited HMGB1 levels, decreased tissue damage, increased survival rates and inhibited the release of TNF-α and IL-6.Conclusions: Increased HMGB1 levels in patients with severe sepsis with C. albicans infection were positively correlated with PCT, CRP, BDG, and disease severity. EP prevented C. albicans lethality by decreasing HMGB1 expression and release. We suggest that HMGB1 plays a vital role in invasive C. albicans infections and may provide an effective diagnostic and therapeutic target for such infections in clinical settings.
Is echocardiography mandatory for all Steptococcus gallolyticus bacteremia?
Authors: Nasomsong Worapong , Vasikasin Vasin , Traipattanakul Jantima , Changpradub Dhitiwat 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Streptococcus gallolyticus, formerly known as one of the Streptococcus bovis complex, is frequently associated with endocarditis. Current guidelines recommended diagnostic work-up for endocarditis among patients with S. gallolyticus bacteremia. However, S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus, was found to be associated with neonatal sepsis and liver diseases and is less commonly associated with endocarditis compared with S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus. Our study aimed to identify the risk factors for S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus endocarditis to help select the patients for echocardiography . Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, medical records from all adult patients with S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus isolated from blood cultures at Phramongkutklao Hospital from 2009 to 2015 were reviewed. Patients who had mixed bacteremia or missing records were excluded from the study. Result: During the study period, S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus were isolated among 106 individuals. Mean age was 66.9±15.6 years. Most patients (61.3%) were male, with cirrhosis as the most common underlying diseases (46.2%), followed by malignancy and chronic kidney disease. Most common manifestations included primary bacteremia (44.3%), followed by spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (23.6%). Infective endocarditis was found among p patients. No patients with cirrhosis or single blood specimen of bacteremia had endocarditis (RR 0; p-value 0.003, and RR 1.35; p-value 0.079). The common complications associated with endocarditis were acute respiratory failure (RR 4.32; p-value 0.05), whereas acute kidney injury was a protective factor (RR 0; p-value 0.01). Among 76 patients who had records of 2-year follow-up, no new diagnosis of endocarditis or malignancy was observed. Conclusion: Among patients with S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus bacteremia, echocardiography might not be needed among patients with cirrhosis or transient bacteremia.
Effect of Resistance and Endurance Training on Gene Expression of Adiponectin and its Receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) in Testicles and Serum Levels of Sex Hormones in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Nadi Zahra , Bayat Mohammad , karami hadi , Parastesh Mohammad , bayat parvindokht 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Sex hormone, adiponectin and its receptors interacted in the testes. Diabetes can also interfere with this interaction. Regular exercise has some effects on the diabetes side effects. This study purpose was to investigate the effects resistance and endurance training on adiponectin gene expression and its receptors and sex hormones in those rats with diabetes.MethodsIn this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups by random. After performing the trainings, adiponectin gene expression and its receptors in the testis were evaluated using real time PCR, and blood serum was then used in order to assess FSH, LH and testosterone.Results The induction of diabetes mellitus STZ-NA significantly increased the serum level of fasting blood glucose, the gene expression of adiponectin and also the AdipoR 1 in the testicles of diabetic rats in comparison with healthy controls. In addition, diabetes resulted in a significant reduction in serum testosterone levels and LH in diabetic group, but it has no effect on FSH.Conclusions Resistance and endurance training decreased the blood glucose with a significant amount reduction in adiponectin levels and AdipoR 1 gene rats, and also increased the serum testosterone levels and LH in diabetic rats. Resistance and endurance training can improve expression of adiponectin and AdipoR 1 gene by increasing the serum testosterone and LH levels in type 2 diabetic rats.
Combinatorial modular pathway engineering for guanosine 5′-diphosphate-L-fucose production in recombinant Escherichia coli
Authors: Wan Li , Zhu Yingying , Li Wen , Zhang Wenli , Mu Wanmeng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Guanosine 5′-diphosphate (GDP)-L-fucose is a vital nucleotide sugar involved in the synthesis of fucosylated oligosaccharides, such as fucosylated human milk oligosaccharides, which play important roles in physiological and pathological processes.Results: In this study, a combinatorial modular pathway engineering strategy was implemented to efficiently increase the intracellular titers of GDP-L-fucose in engineered Escherichia coli. The de novo GDP-L-fucose synthesis pathway was partitioned into two modules and fine-tuned in both transcriptional and translational levels, which remarkably improved the GDP-L-fucose production. In addition, the gene encoding the UDP-glucose lipid carrier transferase (WcaJ) was inactivated to eliminate the competing metabolite pathway from GDP-L-fucose to colanic acid. Furthermore, cofactors regeneration was underpinned to promote biocatalysis. Taken together, the final engineered strain EWL37, which could achieve the titers of 18.33 mg/L in shake-flask cultivation, was able to produce 106.21 mg/L (4.28 mg/g DCW) GDP-L-fucose through fed-batch cultivation.Conclusion: To date, this is the first utilization of a modular pathway optimization approach to increase the production potential of the de novo synthesized GDP-L-fucose. In general, this study manifests that via combinatorial modular pathway engineering, the GDP-L-fucose biosynthesis can be significantly improved.
Impacts of the contradictory factors in algal CO2 sequestration with sustainable biofuel benefit
Authors: Liu Ziyu , LONDON) CHAOZONG LIU(UNIVERSITY , Han Shujun , Yang Xiaoyi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The purpose would discover the impacts of the contradictory factors in application of algae in CO2 sequestration with sustainable biofuel benefit. The quantitively assessment model and approach have been established coupling upstream CO2 source and deliverables with downstream algal biofuel deliverables at the uniform algae level of Nannochloropsis oceanica, which would be benefit for algae biofuel deliverables choice. The functional units have been defined at energy consumption (MJ) per final mass product (algae, jet biofuels by three refining pathways, biodiesels by three refining pathways) and energy consumption (MJ) per final energy yield (algae, jet biofuels, biodiesels). Computational framework is classified into three sub-models, including CO2 source and deliverable model, algae cultivation and deliverable model, refining process and biofuel deliverable model. This life cycle assessment investigated the following impacts: transportation distances and purification modes with flue gas CO2 concentrations, lipid content with specific productivity and CO2 biofixation coupling the nutrient supply, final products including algae, jet biofuel and biodiesel.Results Coupling the influence of transportation distances and purification modes on the energy consumption, flue gas with a wide range of CO2 concentration was compared for two type deliverables including algal CO2, edible CO2. flue gas with low CO2 concentration is appropriate for on-site algal CO2 deliverable within 10km while flue gas with above 95% CO2 is flexible to transportation distance and appropriate for edible CO2 deliverable. Specific productivities and CO2 fixation both comply with negatively logarithmic relationship with lipid contents. Coupling the effects of algae specific productivity and CO2 evaporation loss, the total CO2 fixation efficiencies were investigated above 90% at below 28 % lipid but obviously decrease at above 40% lipid. The nutrient supply enhances specific productivity and protein content but with indirect energy consumption. The total energy consumptions of different target products with upstream CO2 source and algae to downstream biofuel were calculated quantitatively on edible algae and general algae.Conclusions Biodieselwet and HTL-HRJ jet biofuel performed the priorities in energy consumption. Lipid content and profile defined biofuel deliverables in quantity and quality. The LCA indicated that allocation is a crucial issue to balance energy, environment and economy decision on target product choice and by-products. Coupling solar energy utilization and by-product of bioactive nutrients effects, the positive energy gains have been investigated at a wide range of lipid contents despite of jet biofuel or biodiesel. The results would enhance the interests in both LCA and application of algae in CO2 sequestration with sustainable biofuel benefit.
Low DLG2 gene expression, a link between 11q-deleted and MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma, causes forced cell cycle progression, and predicts poor patient survival.
Authors: Keane Simon , Ameen Sophie , Lindlöf Angelica , Ejeskär Katarina 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood neural crest tumor. There are two groups of aggressive NBs, one with MYCN amplification, and another with 11q chromosomal deletion; these chromosomal aberrations are generally mutually exclusive. The DLG2 gene resides in the 11q-deleted region, thus makes it an interesting NB candidate tumor suppressor gene.
Methods
We evaluated the association of DLG2 gene expression in NB with patient outcomes, stage and MYCN status, using online microarray data combining independent NB patient data sets. Functional studies were also conducted using NB cell models and the fruit fly.
Results
Using the array data we concluded that higher DLG2 expression was positively correlated to patient survival. We could also see that expression of DLG2 was inversely correlated with MYCN status and tumor stage. Cell proliferation was lowered in both 11q-normal and 11q-deleted NB cells after DLG2 over expression, and increased in 11q-normal NB cells after DLG2 silencing. Higher level of DLG2 increased the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase and decreased the percentage of cells in the G1 phase. We detected increased protein levels of Cyclin A and Cyclin B in a fruit fly model over expressing dMyc or silencing dmDLG , indicating that both events results in enhanced cell cycling. Induced MYCN expression in NB cells, lowered DLG2 gene expression, this was confirmed in the fly, when dMyc was over expressed, the dmDLG protein level was lowered, indicating a link between Myc over expression and low dmDLG level.
Conclusion
We conclude that low DLG2 expression level forces cell cycle progression, and that it predicts poor NB patient survival. The low DLG2 expression level could be caused by either MYCN -amplification or 11q-deletion.
Moral structuring of children during the process of obtaining informed consent
Authors: Díaz-Pérez Anderson , Quiroz Elkin Navarro , MARENCO DILIA APARICIO 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background. Informed consent is an important factor in a child’s moral structure from which different types of doctor–patient relationships arise. Children’s autonomy is currently under discussion in terms of their decent treatment, beyond which it is perceived by clinicians and/or researchers. Methods. This is a transversal, qualitative study via a subjectivist approach and a interpretivist approach. The study was performed by conducting semi-structured interviews of 21 people by clinicians and researchers. Data analysis was performed with the SPSS 21® and Atlas Ti 7.0® programmes. Results. Influential practices in the doctor–patient relationship were approach and paternalistic. In the deliberative model, the child is expected to have a moral awareness of their care. The paternalistic model determined that submission was a way of structuring the child, since he or she is considered to be a subject of extreme care. Conclusions. The differentiated objectification [educational] process recognises the internal and external elements of the child. Informed consent proved to be the appropriate means for strengthening moral and structuring the child.
Current clinical practices of Saudi physiotherapists in stroke rehabilitation.
Authors: Alatawi Salem F 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Physiotherapy seems to play an important role in stroke rehabilitation. Physiotherapist’s ability to assume responsibility for translating rehabilitation programmes to real clinical practice appeared to be one of the most important concept of stroke management.Objective This paper aims to investigate the current practice of Saudi Arabian physiotherapists working with patients diagnosed with stroke.Method An on-line questionnaire is designed by focusing physiotherapists who are working with stroke rehabilitation in Saudi Arabia during August-October 2019 was used. Questionnaire is consisted of 7 sections with 40 items that are related to stroke rehabilitation such as treatment approach, aim of treatment, pertaining to tone facilitation of movement, function and motor rehabilitation. Quantitative data analysis was conducted by using SPSS.Results Questionnaire survey was distributed among 287 physiotherapists; out of them 197 participants have returned completed questionnaires (68.6%). Based on the results analysed it is shown that physiotherapists preferred Bobath/NDT approach (77.66%), followed by PNF/Brunnstorm (63.45%) and Constrained induced movement therapy (25.38%), respectively. Despite of the fact that respondents have agreed on different treatment approaches; however, there is variation observed between participants in some sections of the survey. Thus, it is highlighted that the developed interventions in stroke rehabilitation are still considered as controversial and inconclusive as variations are observed in between patients’ groups and outcome measures.Conclusion Variation has been observed in between therapists while treatment application approaches in stroke rehabilitation. Future studies might focus on the investigation of how and why practitioners use or do not use evidence in this area.
Efficacy of Adalimumab on Severe Sapho Syndrome Likely Triggered by Isotretinoin
Authors: Luzzati Michele , Filippeschi Cesare , Giani Teresa , Trapani Sandra 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustolosis, hyperostosis and osteitis) syndrome is a rare autoinflammatory chronic disorder, presenting with non-infectious inflammatory osteitis, sterile joint inflammation and skin manifestations including palmoplantar pustolosis and severe acne. It could be often misdiagnosed for its heterogeneous clinical presentation. Isotretinoin, which is commonly used for severe acne treatment, has been rarely described as possible trigger of osteo-articular manifestations, in particular sacroiliitis. Various biological treatment have been proposed in refractory patients.Case presentation The case of an adolescent male, affected by acne fulminans and depression, who presented with sacroiliitis after a 10-week treatment with isotretinoin is presented and discussed. After SAPHO diagnosis, the boy started NSAIDs therapy but the onset of bilateral gluteal hidradenitis suppurativa required the switch to a tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α antagonist (adalimumab). Despite specific therapy with sertraline, the patient continued to complain severe depression, this symptom has been widely reported in patient with SAPHO.Conclusions Our case strengthens the hypothesis that isotretinoin could be a trigger of musculoskeletal involvement in SAPHO. The occurrence of hidradenitis suppurativa as additional clinical feature of SAPHO, already described in literature, supported the TNF-α blocker’s commencement in our patient. Furthermore, the good outcome of our case confirms the efficacy of ADA treatment in obtaining persistent clinical remission of cutaneous and osteoarticular symptoms in SAPHO syndrome.