bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare Variants of Ependymoma: A Report of Four Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Alturkustani Murad A. 
Published: November 2019

Ependymomas are brain tumors that have a wide spectrum of morphological patterns. Rare or unusual patterns of ependymoma can resemble other neoplasms and result in erroneous diagnosis, and management. Four out of 22 ependymoma cases in the pathology archive of King Abdulaziz University Hospital in the last decade had these patterns. The fi rst case was of ependymoma with multinodular growth and diff erent types of ependymal diff erentiation, including subependymoma, classic ependymoma, and astroblastoma. Dysplastic neurons were associated with the neoplastic growth. This combination can be interpreted as ganglioglioma (i.e., with ependymoma representing the glial component, World Health Organization grade I) or alternatively as ependymoma with dysplastic neurons (World Health Organization grade II). The second case was of a rare variant of intracranial extra-axial ependymoma with lobular and papillary architecture. The third case was of a previously unreported combination of clear cell and giant cell ependymoma. The fourth case was of epithelioid ependymoma with fi brillary background and a peculiar arrangement of the tight clustered epithelioid cells. This report expands the morphological spectrum of ependymoma by introducing diff erent, previously unreported combinations of patterns that were observed in individual tumors, as well as rare locations andarchitectures.
Case Report: Long Term Follow Up of Bladder Exstrophy Repaired in Stages with Complete Urinary Continence
Authors: Alsharif Galya G. , Kurdi Mazen O. , Kamal Nizar J. , Kamal Jamal S. 
Published: November 2019

Bladder exstrophy is a rare congenital anomaly displaying symptoms such as the urinary bladder turned inside out, an exposed dorsal urethra, foreshortened penis, anteriorly displaced anus and widely separated symphysis pubis. This abnormality is managed by many methods, one of which includes a functional reconstruction. Themajor goals of surgical intervention are: Preservation of the renal function, achieving urinary continence with adequate sexual function and acceptable cosmetic appearance. In this report we present a long term follow up (25 years) of a male patient with classical type bladder exstrophy, managed at our hospital in stages, he is fully continent and voids spontaneously without clean intermittent self-catheterization, with normal renal function, adequate penile erection and has ejaculation.
Examiners' and Candidates' Perspectives on the First Performance-Based Assessment of the Saudi National Anesthesiology Board Final Exam
Authors: Boker Abdulaziz M. 
Published: November 2019

The Saudi Board of Anesthesia introduced a performance-based, objective, structured, clinical examination to supplement key and missing components in the traditional fi nal board exam. This study aims to describe briefl y the development, implementation and evaluation of the fi rst high stake Saudi Board of Anesthesia examafter incorporation of objective, structured, clinical examination according to the participants’ perspectives. After implementation of performance-based exams for the fi rst time, a questionnaire was distributed to the candidates and examiners to explore their perception of the exam. Twenty-three candidates and 20 examiners participated in the Saudi Board exam for anesthesia residency held on November 2015. The candidates as well as the examiners were very satisfi ed with the explanation of the exam process before the exam taking, thetime allotted for the active stations as well as the organization and fairness of the exam with no significant difference between males and females. In conclusion, the objective, structured, clinical examination is well perceived by the examinees as a fair and acceptable assessment tool in the fi nal exam of the Saudi Board of Anesthesia. We conclude that objective, structured, clinical examination is recommended to be used by other Saudi high stake exams.
Validation of a Smartphone Application for Assessment of Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Zaher Galila F. , Adam Soheir S. 
Published: November 2019

Venous thromboembolism is a serious but potentially preventable condition. However, morbidity and mortality occur due to lack of thrombo-prophylaxis. Obstetrics and gynecology patients are at risk for developing venous thromboembolism. To improve adherence to thromboprophylaxis in this patient population, we developed a smart phone clinical decision support system designed to assess risk score and recommend thromboprophylaxis. Clinical data were collected by review of electronic medical charts. The risk score and thromboprophylaxis recommendations were calculated for each patient by clinical decision support system and by an expert hematologist and results were compared for correlation. We hypothesize that the system is a valid tool for risk assessment in obstetrics and gynecology patients. A total of 188 female patients admitted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital between December 2015 and March 2016 were included. One hundred and sixteen were gynecology, and 72 were obstetric patients with a mean age of 40.7 (± 12.8). The risk score obtained by the system showed a strong correlation with that of the expert hematologist’s opinion (r = 83%). The clinical decision support system showed a good correlation for thromboprophylaxis decision as well. Accessibility and ease of use of clinical decision support system can improve the clinical outcome of hospitalized patients.
Mucin 1 expression correlation with lymph node metastasis and micrometastasis and poor prognosis
in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Yang Fei , Li Zhe , Shao Jing-Bo , Gao Wei , Sun Zhi-Gang 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionLymph node metastasis (LNM) and lymph node micrometastasis (LNMM) are prognostic factors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. The purpose of this research is to investigate whether mucin 1 expression detected by immunohistochemistry in lymph nodes correlates with LNM, LNMM and prognosis in ESCC patients.Material and methodsThere were 92 ESCC patients enrolled in the research, and 1382 lymph nodes were obtained from these 92 patients. All lymph nodes were immunohistochemically analyzed using an anticytokeratin and mucin 1 antibody cocktail.ResultsIn the pN1-2 patients’ group, 68 lymph nodes from 15 patients had tumor metastasis. All these 68 tumor metastatic lymph nodes were positive for mucin 1. Mucin 1 was detected in another 231 lymph nodes and among them, 3 (3/231 1.3%) lymph nodes from 2 (2/15 13.3%) patients were positive for mucin 1. In 77 pN0 patients, mucin 1 was detected in 1083 lymph nodes from the 77 patients; 17 (17/1083 1.6%) lymph nodes from 15 (15/77 19.5%) patients were positive for mucin 1. The 5-year survival rate was 39.1%, and it was significantly related to tumor invasion (pT, p < 0.05), lymph node metastasis (pN, p < 0.01), pTNM stage (p < 0.01) and mucin 1 expression (p < 0.01). Cox regression of multivariate analysis demonstrated that mucin 1 expression and pT were independent prognostic factors.ConclusionsMucin 1 expression was related to LNM and LNMM and poor prognosis in ESCC patients. Immunohistochemistry for mucin 1 can be applied for the detection of LNM and LNMM.
Twelve-month kinetics of circulating fibrosis-linked microRNAs (miR-21, miR-29, miR-30, and miR-133a) and the relationship with extracellular matrix fibrosis in dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Rubiś Paweł , Totoń-Żurańska Justyna , Kołton-Wróż Maria , Wołkow Paweł , Pitera Ewelina , Wiśniowska-Śmiałek Sylwia , Dziewięcka Ewa , Garlitski Ann , Podolec Piotr 
Published: November 2019

IntroductionA single measurement of any biomarker may not reflect its full biological meaning. The kinetics of fibrosis-linked microRNAs and their relationship with extracellular matrix (ECM) fibrosis in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) have not been explored.Material and methodsWe evaluated 70 consecutive DCM patients (48 ±12.1 years, left ventricular ejection fraction 24.4 ±7.4%). All patients underwent right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy in order to quantify ECM fibrosis and measure collagen volume fraction (CVF). Circulating microRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-29b, miR-30c-5p, and miR-133a-3p) were measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at baseline and at 3 and 12 months.ResultsBased on the biopsy results, two groups of patients were identified: with (n = 24, 34.3%) and without (n = 46, 65.7%) ECM fibrosis. Except for a single measurement of miR-29b at 3 months (DCM with fibrosis: 6.03 ±0.72 vs. DCM without fibrosis: 6.4 ±0.75 Cq; p < 0.05), baseline, 3- and 12-month kinetics of microRNAs did not differ between the two groups. Moreover, 12-month microRNA kinetics did not differ in patients with new-onset DCM (duration < 6 months; n = 35) and chronic DCM (> 6 months; n = 35). Only miR-29 at 3 months correlated with CVF (r = –0.31; p < 0.05), whereas other microRNAs did not correlate with CVF either at 3 or at 12 months.ConclusionsRegardless of ECM fibrosis status or duration of the disease, 12-month patterns of circulating microRNAs are similar in DCM. Correlations between microRNAs, measured at 3 and 12 months, are lower than expected. In this study, regardless of the time point, circulating microRNAs were not able to differentiate between DCM patients with versus without fibrosis.
The study correlation between physicochemical properties, botanical origin and microbial contamination of honey from the south of Ukraine
Authors: Berhilevych Oleksandra , Kasianchuk Victoria , Kukhtyn Mykola , Dimitrijevich Lubov , Marenkova Tatyana 
Published: November 2019

The honey production is one of the most important agriculture branches of Ukraine. Since the beginning of 2000 year, honey becomes one of the first products of agriculture production that was allowed to export from Ukraine to the EU countries. The present study aims to evaluate microbial composition of honey of higher and first grades from south of Ukraine, which differ in water, sugar content and acidity. The correlation beetween physicochemical properties, botanical origin and microbial composition of honey were investigated. Total aerobic count (TAC), total count of fungi (TFC) and yeast (TYC), number of sporeforming anaerobes (SFA), Bacillus cereus and Clostridium botulinus were determined. Plate dilution method with specific cultural mediums and incubation conditions was used for indication and identification of microorganisms as well for quantitative CFU count determination in 1g of honey. The results indicated that the value of TAC was from 1.4 ±0.1 x 102 to 3.7 ±0.5 x 102 CFU.g-1 in higher grade honey and from 2.1 ±0.3 x 102 to 4.6 ±0.4 x 102 CFU.g-1 in first grade honey. Average amounts of fungi and yest in the first grade honey were more than in higher grade honey and amounted 15.±0.9 CFU.g-1, 6.48 ±0.7 CFU.g-1 and 17.98 ±1.2 CFU.g-1, 8.04 ±0.8 CFU.g-1 respectively. Also it was found that, 25.8% and 37.1% of higher and first grade honey samples had sporeforming anaerobes. The more of samples with Bacillus cereus and Clostridium botulinum were among samples of first-grade honey samples. In addition, we have determined that, samples of buckwheat honey and honey from fodder crops of both grades were more contaminated with all microorganisms than samples of sunflower honey and honey from fruit and non-fruit trees.Results of this work has revealed the relationship between the number of different groups and species of microorganisms in higher and first grade honey from south of Ukraine and its physicochemical properties and botanical origin. Our research could help to substantiate the sources of contamination of honey and confirm the existing findings of scientists about the direct proportional dependence of the content of microorganisms in honey, depending on its moisture content, acidity and sugars.
Traduire en transparence : génétique d’une version du poème Dunja de Giuseppe Ungaretti
Authors: Kristeva Irena 
Published: November 2019

En 1969, Philippe Jaccottet traduit pour la revue Aquila le poème Dunja de Giuseppe Ungaretti. L’étude tente de relever la singularité de cette traduction, en jetant de la lumière sur la génétique de sa rédaction : autrement dit, de pénétrer le côté invisible du processus traductif auquel collaborent l’auteur et le traducteur. À partir de la clarification terminologique de la notion de transparence, elle s’applique à élucider les stratégies du traducteur, en mettant en relief la dialectique de l’hermétique et de l’herméneutique. La juxtaposition des versions jaccottiennes du poème, élaborées au cours du « work in progress », renseigne sur les étapes de la traduction transparente, à commencer par le travail sur le lexique qui concerne la recherche d’équivalence. Elle révèle en outre les hésitations et les doutes d’un traducteur averti, conscient de l’impossibilité de comprendre l’énoncé poétique, en négligeant ses aspects affectif, imaginal et prosodique. Pour aboutir à la conclusion qu’il s’agit bien d’une traduction « relevante », résultat d’un travail minutieux sur les potentialités de la langue cible, qui n’hésite pas à transgresser les normes grammaticales de celle-ci afin de préserver l’étrangeté du texte source.
First-tier detection of intragenomic 16S rRNA gene variation in culturable endophytic bacteria from cacao seeds
Authors: da Silva Cleiziane Bispo , dos Santos Hellen Ribeiro Martins , Marbach Phellippe Arthur Santos , de Souza Jorge Teodoro , Cruz-Magalhães Valter , Argôlo-Filho Ronaldo Costa , Loguercio Leandro Lopes 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundIntragenomic variability in 16S rDNA is a limiting factor for taxonomic and diversity characterization of Bacteria, and studies on its occurrence in natural/environmental populations are scarce. In this work, direct DNA amplicon sequencing coupled with frequent-cutter restriction analysis allowed detection of intragenomic 16S rDNA variation in culturable endophytic bacteria from cacao seeds in a fast and attractive manner.MethodsTotal genomic DNA from 65 bacterial strains was extracted and the 16S rDNA hyper variable V5–V9 regions were amplified for enzyme digestion and direct Sanger-type sequencing. The resulting electropherograms were visually inspected and compared to the correspondingAluI-restriction profiles, as well as to complete genome sequences in databases. Restriction analysis were employed to substitute the need of amplicon cloning and re-sequencing. A specifically improved polyacrylamide-gradient electrophoresis allowed to resolve 5-bp differences in restriction fragment sizes. Chi-square analysis on 2 × 2 contingency table tested for the independence between the ‘number ofAluI bands’ and ‘type of eletropherogram’.ResultsTwo types of electropherograms were obtained: unique template, with single peaks per base (clean chromatograms), and heterogeneous template, with various levels of multiple peaks per base (mixed chromatograms). Statistics revealed significant interaction between number of restriction fragments and type of electropherogram for the same amplicons: clean or mixed ones associated to ≤5 or ≥6 bands, respectively. The mixed-template pattern combined with theAluI-restriction profiles indicated a high proportion of 49% of the culturable endophytes from a tropical environment showing evidence of intragenomic 16S rDNA heterogeneity.ConclusionThe approach presented here was useful for a rapid, first-tier detection of intragenomic variation in culturable isolates, which can be applied in studies of other natural populations; a preliminary view of intragenomic heterogeneity levels can complement culture-dependent and -independent methods. Consequences of these findings in taxonomic and diversity studies in complex bacterial communities are discussed.
Genomic diversity of prevalentStaphylococcus epidermidismultidrug-resistant strains isolated from a Children’s Hospital in México City in an eight-years survey
Authors: Cabrera-Contreras Roberto , Santamaría Rosa I. , Bustos Patricia , Martínez-Flores Irma , Meléndez-Herrada Enrique , Morelos-Ramírez Rubén , Barbosa-Amezcua Martín , González-Covarrubias Vanessa , Silva-Herzog Eugenia , Soberón Xavier , González Víctor 
Published: November 2019

Staphylococcus epidermidisis a human commensal and pathogen worldwide distributed. In this work, we surveyed for multi-resistantS. epidermidisstrains in eight years at a children’s health-care unit in México City. Multidrug-resistantS. epidermidiswere present in all years of the study, including resistance to methicillin, beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides. To understand the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance and its association with virulence and gene exchange, we sequenced the genomes of 17S. epidermidisisolates. Whole-genome nucleotide identities between all the pairs of S. epidermidis strains were about 97% to 99%. We inferred a clonal structure and eight Multilocus Sequence Types (MLSTs) in theS. epidermidissequenced collection. The profile of virulence includes genes involved in biofilm formation and phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs). Half of theS. epidermidisanalyzed lacked the ica operon for biofilm formation. Likely, they are commensalS. epidermidisstrains but multi-antibiotic resistant. Uneven distribution of insertion sequences, phages, and CRISPR-Cas immunity phage systems suggest frequent horizontal gene transfer. Rates of recombination betweenS. epidermidisstrains were more prevalent than the mutation rate and affected the whole genome. Therefore, the multidrug resistance, independently of the pathogenic traits, might explain the persistence of specific highly adaptedS. epidermidisclonal lineages in nosocomial settings.
Blood Cell Profiling of Malaria Patients Attending Gaya General Hospital, Kano State, Northern Nigeria
Authors: Ali M. U. , Panda A. A. , Yahaya S. M. , Umar U. A. , Inuwa M. S. , Ajingi Y. S. , Idris S. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Changes in blood cell profile were common findings in malaria. In the rural community of Kano State, Nigeria, information on haematological changes in human malaria was scanty in spite of their role in the pathophysiology of malaria. This cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine blood cell profiles in malaria patients attending a rural hospital in malaria-endemic region.
Methods: Blood samples (3 ml each) were collected in EDTA-containers from 150 randomly selected outpatients attending Gaya General Hospital, screened for malaria using RDT kit (CareStart Malaria HRP 2, Access Bio Inc., USA) based on Histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP-2), and blood cell profiles determined using automated Sysmex haematologic analyser. Data on socio-demographics and medical history related to the study objectives, such as taking antimalarial regimen and/or haematinic, and direct involvement in blood transfusion, were obtained by questionnaire administration supplemented with oral interview.
Findings: The study revealed a malaria prevalence of 67.33%, with highest in 11-20years (80.95%) and lowest (55.00%) in 1-10years age-groups; slightly higher in females (68.25%) than in males (66.67%) without significant difference (P<0.05). For blood parameters, malaria positive patients have a significantly lower mean PCV of 32.2% as compared to 38.18% obtained for malaria negative patients (P<0.05). The mean Hb was 10.76±2.27g/dL and 12.65±2.38g/dL (P<0.05), while WBC revealed 6.91×109/L and 6.56×109/L in malaria positive and negative patients, respectively. Platelet counts recorded 179.24×109/L and 230.47×109/L (P<0.05). Socio-demographic factors such as level of education, occupation and marital status did not significantly influence malaria prevalence.
Interpretation: Low PCV and Hb in malaria patients indicate mild anaemia due to malaria-related haemolysis. The occurrence of thrombocytopenia may be due to other underlying pathology as further studies with larger sample size are needed to ascertain the cause of low platelet counts in malaria patients in the study area.
Prevalence of Enteric Bacteria Pathogens among HIV Infected and Uninfected Children in Dandora, Kenya
Authors: Rashid Samya Said , Matey Elizabeth , Masaharu Tokoro , Hiroshi Ichimura , Nyerere Andrew , Sang Willie 
Published: November 2019

Background: Diarrhoea is the second disease killer after respiratory diseases in children. Globally, there are nearly 1.7 billion cases of diarrheal disease every year. In developing countries, enteric bacterial pathogens are most common causes of morbidity and mortality in children especially under 5 years. Most of the studies done on enteric bacteria pathogens and HIV co-infection have focused on the children less than 5 years of age but not above.
Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the distribution of common circulating enteric bacterial pathogens; Escherichia (E).coli, Shigella, and Salmonella among HIV infected (n=79) and uninfected (n=78) children aged 5-12 years from Dandora slums of Nairobi.
Methods: This was analytic cross-sectional study of HIV positive children enrolled at Nyumbani Lea Toto HIV/AIDS outreach program in Dandora, while HIV negative are children from same area (preferably sibling). Stool samples were collected from consenting participants and sent to Microbiology laboratory in Kenya Medical Research institute for processing. The samples were cultured using differential media for enteric bacteria. Suspected isolates were further identified using conventional biochemical methods and serology. Multiplex PCR was done on E. coli isolates to detect virulence factors responsible for different E. coli pathotypes.
Results: The overall prevalence of pathogenic Escherichia coli, Shigella and Salmonella was 44 (28%), 31 (19.7%) and 0 (0.0%) respectively. Enteroaggregative E.coli (43.2%) was the main E. coli pathotypes observed. Distribution of pathogenic E. coli in HIV infected and uninfected was 12.7% and 15.3%, respectively (p = 0.30), while that of Shigella was 6.4% and 13.4% (p = 0.03).
Conclusion: From this study HIV infected children had less infestation of Shigella species as compare to HIV uninfected children, which could be due to constant treatment for any infections thus interferes with bacteria grow.
Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Gallbladder Simulating a Tumor: A Case Report
Authors: Elabbassi Taoufik , Fakhri Yassine , Elazhary Abdessamad , Lefriyekh M. Rachid 
Published: November 2019

Heterotopia is defined as an ectopic localization of normal tissue; the heterotopia of the gastric mucosa can be observed all along the digestive tract. The localization in the gallbladder is exceptional. The diagnosis is histological, it may present some complications including ulceration and the risk of malignancy.
We report the case of heterotopia of the gastric mucosa in the gallbladder while presenting the clinical, radiological and therapeutic features of this exceptional lesion.