bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Workforce influence on manufacturing machines schedules
Authors: Caricato Pierpaolo , Grieco Antonio , Arigliano Anna , Rondone Luciano 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study addresses a parallel machines scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times and additional resource constraints related to workforce management. In most industrial cases, the execution of jobs requires the involvement of human resources in addition to machines: this work addresses the many complications due to workforce-specific issues that arise in a real industrial application. This is achieved separating the complex yet classical parallel machines scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup times from the additional human resources planning problem: the former is formulated and solved through constraint programming, while an ad hoc procedure is provided for the latter. An Italian specialized firm, Prosino S.r.l., provides the industrial case to both validate the adequacy of the adopted method to the actual industrial problem and test the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Computational results obtained over six months of experimentation at the partner firm are presented.
Two methods to determine scale-independent GPS PCOs and GNSS-based terrestrial scale: comparison and cross-check
Authors: Huang Wen , Männel Benjamin , Brack Andreas , Schuh Harald 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe GPS satellite transmitter antenna phase center offsets (PCOs) can be estimated in a global adjustment by constraining the ground station coordinates to the current International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). Therefore, the derived PCO values rest on the terrestrial scale parameter of the frame. Consequently, the PCO values transfer this scale to any subsequent GNSS solution. A method to derive scale-independent PCOs without introducing the terrestrial scale of the frame is the prerequisite to derive an independent GNSS scale factor that can contribute to the datum definition of the next ITRF realization. By fixing the Galileo satellite transmitter antenna PCOs to the ground calibrated values from the released metadata, the GPS satellite PCOs in the z-direction (z-PCO) and a GNSS-based terrestrial scale parameter can be determined in GPS + Galileo processing. An alternative method is based on the gravitational constraint on low earth orbiters (LEOs) in the integrated processing of GPS and LEOs. We determine the GPS z-PCO and the GNSS-based scale using both methods by including the current constellation of Galileo and the three LEOs of the Swarm mission. For the first time, direct comparison and cross-check of the two methods are performed. They provide mean GPS z-PCO corrections of $$- 186 \pm 25$$

-
186
±
25

mm and $$- 221 \pm 37$$

-
221
±
37

mm with respect to the IGS values and $$+ 1.55 \pm 0.22$$

+
1.55
±
0.22

ppb (parts per billion) and $$+ 1.72 \pm 0.31$$

+
1.72
±
0.31

in the terrestrial scale with respect to the IGS14 reference frame. The results of both methods agree with each other with only small differences. Due to the larger number of Galileo observations, the Galileo-PCO-fixed method leads to more precise and stable results. In the joint processing of GPS + Galileo + Swarm in which both methods are applied, the constraint on Galileo dominates the results. We discuss and analyze how fixing either the Galileo transmitter antenna z-PCO or the Swarm receiver antenna z-PCO in the combined GPS + Galileo + Swarm processing propagates to the respective freely estimated z-PCO of Swarm and Galileo.
Children’s Narratives of Family Life in Ghana: A Cultural Lens via Story Stems
Authors: Hosny Nadine M. , Danquah Adam , Berry Katherine , Wan Ming Wai 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA Western worldview pervades the social and psychological study of children. The current study employed a story-stem method to qualitatively explore the daily and family life experiences of young Ghanaian primary school children in urban Ghana through their story narratives. The recorded narratives of 69 5- to 8-year-old children were elicited through presenting stems of common child-caregiver scenarios and thematically analysed. Five overarching themes were identified: daily routines and concerns, child-caregiver interactions, spirituality, death-related fears and depictions, and responses to injury. The narrative themes reveal the likely mental and physical occupations of these children, as characterized by household chores, financial concerns and school concerns, as well as underlying cultural values through their portrayals of parenting values, parental discipline and spiritual beliefs. Story stems depicting common childhood problems (e.g. knee injury) sometimes evoked death and hospitalization subthemes following an escalation of health problems. Possible interpretations for these findings are discussed, taking into account cultural, developmental and emotional factors. Story stems are a promising and developmentally appropriate tool for qualitative analysts to investigate the experiences and worldview of young children in non-Western cultures.
Solidarische Hilfe?
Authors: Liebel Manfred 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Autor zeigt an Beispielen aus der Praxis der Sozialarbeit, dass Kinderrechte nur dann als Leitlinie einer solidarischen Praxis dienen können, wenn der Lebenskontext der Kinder und ihre Sichtweisen beachtet werden und sie die Möglichkeit haben, das „letzte Wort“ zu behalten.
Full Parameterisation Matters for the Best Performance of Crop Models: Inter-comparison of a Simple and a Detailed Maize Model
Authors: Manschadi A. M. , Eitzinger J. , Breisch M. , Fuchs W. , Neubauer T. , Soltani A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractProcess-based crop growth models have become indispensable tools for investigating the effects of genetic, management, and environmental factors on crop productivity. One source of uncertainty in crop model predictions is model parameterization, i.e. estimating the values of model input parameters, which is carried out very differently by crop modellers. One simple (SSM-iCrop) and one detailed (APSIM) maize (Zea mays L.) model were partially or fully parameterized using observed data from a 2-year field experiment conducted in 2016 and 2017 at the UFT (Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum Tulln, BOKU) in Austria. Model initialisation was identical for both models based on field measurements. Partial parameterization (ParLevel_1) was first performed by estimating only those parameters related to crop phenology. Full parameterization (ParLevel_2) was then conducted by estimating parameters related to phenology plus those affecting dry mass production and partitioning, nitrogen uptake, and grain yield formation. With ParLevel_1, both models failed to provide accurate estimation of LAI, dry mass accumulation, nitrogen uptake and grain yield, but the performance of APSIM was generally better than SSM-iCrop. Full parameterization greatly improved the performance of both crop models, but it was more effective for the simple model, so that SSM-iCrop was equally well or even better compared to APSIM. It was concluded that full parameterization is indispensable for improving the accuracy of crop model predictions regardless whether they are simple or detailed. Simple models seem to be more vulnerable to incomplete parameterization, but they better respond to full parameterization. This needs confirmation by further research.
Le siècle soviétique des archives
Authors: Cœuré Sophie 
Published: October 2020

RésumésCet article interroge l’existence d’un paradigme soviétique des archives à travers l’analyse des institutions, des acteurs et de l’archivistique, entendue à la fois comme théorie et pratique, dans le cadre du projet politique communiste marxiste-léniniste mis en œuvre en Russie soviétique après 1917. En étudiant les processus de collecte, de tri, de catégorisation, de conservation, de destruction et de communication des archives, il s’agit de montrer l’absence de neutralité de celles-ci, de comprendre les spécificités du projet d’archivistique socialiste et de replacer sa réception et ses usages internationaux dans l’évolution globale de la relation entre archives et pouvoirs au xxe siècle. L’étude définit tout d’abord les héritages et les bases du projet révolutionnaire bolchévique pour les archives, puis retrace l’évolution générale des administrations et de la profession, ce qui permet de comprendre les trois clés du circuit documentaire des archives soviétiques au xxe siècle – l’idéologisation, la violence et le secret –, et de réfléchir sur la spécificité des fonds personnels et des ego-archives dans l’État et la société socialistes. Enfin, l’article se place à l’échelle de la longue guerre froide internationale et transnationale, qui mobilisa la diplomatie des archives, les spoliations et les transferts, et vit naître des contre-archives.
The Body of Spirit: Hegel's Concept of Flesh and its Normative Implications
Authors: Deranty Jean-Philippe 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper attempts to show that an expansive normative vision can be drawn from Hegel's texts, one whose scope significantly exceeds the anthropocentric model presented in the ‘objective spirit’ parts of his system. This expansion of normativity is linked to an expansive vision of relationality underpinning Hegel's model of ‘concrete freedom’. In order to put into sharper relief the links between expansive relationality and normativity, the late thinking of Maurice Merleau-Ponty is mobilized as a heuristic contrasting point. In the ‘subjective spirit’ sections of theEncyclopaediaare found insights that anticipate key features of Merleau-Ponty's notion of ‘flesh’. Locating these insights allows us to detect the underlying thread this paper seeks to mine. Hegel's own ‘theory of flesh’ culminates in the notion of ‘constitutive attachments’, the idea that the content of subjectivity is made up of all the bonds linking the human subject to her surrounding worlds and objects. Since freedom for Hegel is ‘being with’, and since normative demands arise from the different ways in which freedom is concretely realized, it would seem that Hegel's relational conception of subjectivity should lead to an equally expansive conception of normativity. Against the objection that Hegel denied any normative status to non-human beings, the paper points to passages in his work, notably his account of aesthetic judgement and natural beauty, which appear to suggest the opposite.
Changes in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient characteristics and resource use in a system of community hospitals in the United States
Authors: Sands Kenneth E. , Wenzel Richard P. , McLean Laura E. , Korwek Kimberly M. , Roach Jonathon D. , Poland Russell E. , Miller Karla M. , Burgess L. Hayley , Jackson Edmund S. , Perlin Jonathan B. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has migrated to regions that were initially spared, and it is likely that different populations are currently at risk for illness. Herein, we present our observations of the change in characteristics and resource use of COVID-19 patients over time in a national system of community hospitals to help inform those managing surge planning, operational management, and future policy decisions.
Alcohol-impregnated caps and ambulatory central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs): A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Milstone Aaron M. , Rosenberg Carol , Yenokyan Gayane , Koontz Danielle W. , Miller Marlene R. ,   for the CCLIP Authorship Group
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the effect of 70% isopropyl alcohol–impregnated central venous catheter caps on ambulatory central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in pediatric hematology-oncology patients.Design:This study was a 24-month, cluster-randomized, 2 period, crossover clinical trial.Setting:The study was conducted in 15 pediatric healthcare institutions, including 16 pediatric hematology-oncology clinics.Participants:All patients with an external central line followed at 1 of the 16 hematology-oncology clinics.Intervention:Usual ambulatory central-line care per each institution using 70% isopropyl alcohol–impregnated caps at home compared to usual ambulatory central-line care in each institution without using 70% isopropyl alcohol–impregnated caps.Results:Of the 16 participating clinics, 15 clinics completed both assignment periods. As assigned, there was no reduction in CLABSI incidence in clinics using 70% isopropyl alcohol–impregnated caps (1.23 per 1,000 days) compared with standard practices (1.38 per 1,000 days; adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 0.83; 95% CI, 0.63–1.11). In the per-protocol population, there was a reduction in positive blood culture incidence in clinics using 70% isopropyl alcohol-impregnated caps (1.51 per 1,000 days) compared with standard practices (1.88 per 1,000 days; aIRR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.52–0.99). No adverse events were reported.Conclusions:Isopropyl alcohol–impregnated central-line caps did not lead to a statistically significant reduction in CLABSI rates in ambulatory hematology-oncology patients. In the per-protocol analysis, there was a statistically significant decrease in positive blood cultures. Larger trials are needed to elucidate the impact of 70% isopropyl alcohol–impregnated caps in the ambulatory setting.Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02351258
Gender equality and the governance of long-term care policy: new comparative models and paradigms
Authors: Rummery Kirstein 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThere is a long-established link between care policies and gender equality outcomes, and much modelling of welfare state typologies look at care provision as a distinguishing feature. However, to date, little research has been done which has systematically and critically examined those links by examining the policies and the way they operate, how and why they affect gender equality, and the governance of care policies in a comparative way. This paper draws on evidence from a recently completed comparative study looking at long-term care and gender equality. A CQA (Comparative Qualitative Analysis) approach was used to identify case studies, and further analysis carried out which focussed on: overall, how the policies and the way they operated to achieve gender equality; the governance and design of policies that led to good gender equality outcomes; the level of policy making; the role of the state, the family, the community and the nonstatutory civic sector in designing and delivering effective policies; and how context specific the ideas, actors and institutions supporting the policies were. Instead of using existing welfare typologies that were not driven by gender equality as the defining outcome variable, the author takes an inductive approach to policy analysis to compare policy outcomes according to gender equity outcomes. She devises two new models of long-term care policy: the Universal Model and the Partnership Model, both of which lead to improved gender equality in different ways. This paper concludes by noting the need to move beyond existing welfare state typologies in examining gender equality outcomes, which will result in new models as depicted here.
Is it easy to kill in war? Emotions and violence in the combat zones of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina (1991-1995)
Authors: Malešević Siniša 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe battlefields are spaces of death and destruction. In the combat zone soldiers fight and kill while witnessing the death of their comrades. These unprecedented life experiences are regularly shaped by strong emotional responses. In this paper I analyse the complex emotional dynamics of fighting and killing in the combat zone. I explore the war-time experiences of ordinary soldiers who fought in the 1991-1995 wars in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The paper is based on the interviews I conducted with the members of the Croatian Army and the Bosnian Serb Army who had direct experience of the battlefield. The focus is on the relationship between emotions and violence in the theatres of war with a spotlight on the personal experiences of fighting and killing. The paper challenges the existing interpretations of this phenomenon and argues that the killing in war is neither uniformly easy nor unvaryingly difficult but is context-dependent, variable and highly contingent. Furthermore, the acts of fighting and killing do not automatically trigger pre-existing and stable emotions but the violent processes themselves generate distinct emotional dynamics. Rather than simply following the violent actions emotions are in fact often made in the very acts of fighting and killing.
Dilemmas of Democratic Deepening in India: Notes from two North Indian states
Authors: GUHA SOHINI 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe political assertion by subalterns (specifically lower and backward castes) that India witnessed from the 1990s onwards, and the formation of governments by parties representing these groups in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, two electorally critical North Indian states, contributed significantly to the deepening of India's democracy. But these lower caste governments met with vehement resistance from privileged strata, and from a section of state actors themselves, in particular, the bureaucracy. These governments adopted a range of strategies to counter this resistance in turn, which had the effect of bringing the procedural and substantive elements of democracy into sharp conflict. The project of lower and backward caste empowerment was defined by a politics of levelling, which placed great value on instantly visible egalitarian outcomes, even when these could only be achieved by denting the rule of law and weakening public institutions. But it was precisely on account of its ability to deliver instant egalitarian fixes (albeit on an ad-hoc and sporadic basis) that this politics commanded so much legitimacy among subordinate groups. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted in Uttar Pradesh, and secondary literature on backward caste politics in Bihar, this article explores the consequences that this prioritizing of right outcomes over proper procedures had on public culture in North India. It argues that this prioritizing of consequences over means bred a widespread impatience with a procedural conception of democracy, which was seen as obstructing the modalities that went to secure justice in real life.
Facilitators and barriers to healthy food selection at children’s sports arenas in Norway: a qualitative study among club managers and parents
Authors: Garnweidner-Holme Lisa , Haugland Hilde Sørfonn , Joa Ingrid , Telle-Hansen Vibeke H , Gjevestad Gyrd Omholt , Myhrstad Mari CW 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:To investigate club managers’ and parents’ experiences with food selection at handball halls in order to identify facilitators and barriers to the availability of healthy food.Design:Individual interviews with club managers (n 6) and focus groups (n 5) with parents (n 21) were conducted. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, transcripts were coded in NVivo and the analysis was guided by thematic analysis.Setting:Interviews were conducted at five handball clubs with varying socio-economic user populations and sizes in the area of Oslo, Norway.Participants:The club managers were responsible for food selection at the handball clubs. The participating parents had one or two active children between the ages of 6 and 12 years who took part in the clubs.Results:The club managers and parents generally described food selection at the handball halls as unhealthy and wanted a healthier selection of food. The club managers’ primary barriers to providing a healthier food selection included the potential to lose profits, limited facilities and time to prepare these foods. The parents often valued unhealthy food, as they believed that it supported the social environment and served as a reward for the children. Trainers were perceived as important role models for the promotion of healthy eating. The participants thought that national guidelines could facilitate healthy food environments in sports arenas.Conclusion:Healthier food options in sports settings could be facilitated through national guidelines that describe healthy foods and establish who is responsible for providing healthy food selections.
Thiamine deficiency in the outpatient psychiatric oncology setting: A case series
Authors: Zhang Rose , Tummala Sudhakar , Chopra Deepti 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveB vitamins are essential for the functioning of the nervous system. Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency is associated with neuropsychiatric syndromes such as Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), which, if untreated, has an estimated mortality of 17–20%. Although the prevalence of thiamine deficiency in the general population is difficult to estimate, it is being increasingly recognized in oncology, especially in the inpatient setting. We describe three cases of thiamine deficiency (TD) in the outpatient psychiatric oncology setting.MethodRetrospective chart review of three adult patients, who were seen in the psychiatric oncology clinic and found to have TD on laboratory testing, was done. Patient, disease, and thiamine treatment-related information were obtained, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe average age was 59 years, mean body mass index (BMI) was 22.00 ± 4.58 (mean ± SD), and mean thiamine level was 59.10 ± 7.69 that ranged from 45 to 68 nmol/L (normal thiamine level reference: 70–180 nmol/L). None of the patients had brain imaging nor cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Risk factors such as unbalanced nutrition, prior GI surgery, renal disease, and chemotherapy were noted.Significance of resultsTD can have a multifactorial etiology in oncology. Identification of TD in both inpatient and outpatient setting is important. Our report highlights how early identification of TD in the outpatient setting can help prevent further clinical progression.
Electronic spectroscopy of PAHs and PAH derivatives in supersonic jet
Authors: Bejaoui Salma , Salama Farid 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAHs) molecules are attracting much attention in the astrophysical and astrochemical communities because of their ubiquitous presence in space due to their ability to survive in the harsh environmental conditions of the interstellar medium (ISM). The objective of this work is to provide gas phase, high-resolution spectroscopic data on the electronic and vibronic transitions of PAHs and their nitrogenated derivatives measured in astrophysically relevant conditions.
Quantitative atomic spectroscopy, a review of progress in the optical-UV region and future opportunities
Authors: Lawler James E. , Sneden Christopher , Den Hartog Elizabeth A. , Cowan John J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of tunable dye lasers and a simple atomic and ionic beam source for all elements were critical in establishing a reliable absolute scale for atomic transition probabilities in the optical to near UV regions. The laboratory astrophysics program at the University of Wisconsin - Madison (UW) concentrates on neutral and singly-ionized species transitions that are observable in astronomical spectra of cool stars, emphasizing the rare earth n(eutron)-capture elements and the Fe-group elements that are important inputs to early Galactic nucleosynthesis studies. The UW program is one of several productive efforts on atomic transition probabilities. These programs generally use time-resolved laser-induced-fluorescence (TR-LIF) to accurately measure total decay rates and data from high resolution Fourier transform spectrometers (FTSs) to determine emission branching fractions (BFs). The UW laboratory results almost always are directly linked to astronomical chemical composition efforts. There are good opportunities to extend similar research to other wavelength regions.