bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological and Health Infrastructure Factors Affecting the Transmission and Mortality of COVID-19
Authors: Le Nicole K. , Le Alexander V. , Parikh Jeegan , Brooks Joel P. , Gardellini Tatiana , Izurieta Ricardo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has be designated a pandemic less than 4 months after its first outbreak. Due to the novelty of the virus, there is little understanding of how ecological factors affect transmission of the coronavirus. This study aims to determine the relationship of temperature, absolute humidity, and health infrastructure on COVID-19 transmission and mortality.Methods: Epidemiological data was obtained for all US states and countries worldwide between January 22 and March 23, 2020. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were done comparing temperature, absolute humidity, and health infrastructure with cases and deaths.Results: The regression models revealed that temperature and humidity significantly affect the number of confirmed cases (p = 0.0123 and p = 0.0072, respectively).Conclusions: The transmission of COVID-19 seems to thrive in colder and drier environments. Despite this relationship, more efforts are needed to ensure compliance to “social distancing” and other public health measures rather than relying on temperature alone to reduce COVID-19 cases.
Liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticle encoded with CoQ10 (LGNP-CoQ10) suppressed rheumatoid arthritis via STAT3/Th17 targeting
Authors: Jhun Jooyeon , Moon Jeonghyeon , Ryu Jaeyoon , Shin Yonghee , Lee Seangyoun , Cho Keun-Hyung , Kang Taewook , Cho Mi-La , Park Sung-Hwan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), also known as ubiquinone, is a fat-soluble antioxidant. Although CoQ10 has not been approved as medication by the Food and Drug Administration, it is widely used in dietary supplements. Some studies have shown that CoQ10 has anti-inflammatory effects on various autoimmune disorders.Methods: In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticles encoded with CoQ10 (LGNP-CoQ10). Both CoQ10 and LGNP-CoQ10 were administered orally to mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) for 10 weeks. The inflammation pathology of joint tissues of CIA mice was then analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin and Safranin O staining, as well as immunohistochemistry analysis. We obtained immunofluorescence staining images of spleen tissues using confocal microscopy.Results: We found that pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in LGNP-CoQ10 injected mice. Th17 cell and phosphorylated STAT3-expressed cell populations were also decreased in LGNP-CoQ10 injected mice. When human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated with CoQ10 and LGNP-CoQ10, the IL-17 expression of PBMCs in the LGNP-CoQ10-treated group was significantly reduced.Conclusion: These results suggest that LGNP-CoQ10 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Explaining the determinants of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine uptake and Strategies to Increase Its Uptake among young adults in Capital of Iran: a qualitative study
Authors: Yarmohammadi Soudabeh , Ghaffari Mohtasham , Ramezankhani Ali 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

The HPV vaccine prevents the most common cancer in women, which is cervical cancer. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the uptake and non- uptake of HPV vaccine in the young adult in Tehran and strategies to increase their vaccine uptake.

Methods

This is the first qualitative study with the conventional content analysis approach in this context in Iran in 2018-2019. Participants, with a maximum variation in terms of age, sex, educational level, occupation, income, work experience, marital status, were selected purposefully to take part in a semi-structured interview. The data were recorded and analyzed according to the interview continued until data saturation. MAXQDA software version 10 was used for data management.

Results

The participants were 20 health professionals and 10 young adults from Tehran. Factors affecting HPV vaccine uptake and non- uptake identified as seven categories, including knowledge, health value, external stimuli, outcome expectations, perceived threat, healthcare services, and Contextual factors. Moreover, the strategies to increase vaccine uptake included Compulsory vaccination, vaccine availability, and implementing the educational process.

Conclusions

Considering the factors identified in this study, the authorities and practitioners must take steps to increase the HPV vaccine in young adults by considering the effective factors, as well as the strategies, such as Compulsory vaccination, increasing vaccine availability, and implementing educational interventions.
Osteoporosis: Mechanism, Molecular Target and Current Status on Drug Development
Authors: Li Hanxuan , Xiao Zhousheng , Quarles L. Darryl , Li Wei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract::
Osteoporosis is a pathological loss of bone mass due to an imbalance in bone remodeling
where osteoclast-mediated bone resorption exceeds osteoblast-mediated bone formation
resulting in skeletal fragility and fractures. Anti-resorptive agents, such as bisphosphonates
and SERMs, and anabolic drugs that stimulate bone formation, including PTH analogues
and sclerostin inhibitors, are current treatments for osteoporosis. Despite their efficacy, severe
side effects and loss of potency may limit the long term usage of a single drug. Sequential and
combinational use of current drugs, such as switching from an anabolic to an anti-resorptive
agent, may provide an alternative approach. Moreover, there are novel drugs being developed
against emerging new targets such as Cathepsin K and 17β-HSD2 that may have less side effects.
This review will summarize the molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis, current drugs for
osteoporosis treatment, and new drug development strategies.
A Comprehensive Investigation of Potential Novel Marine Psychrotolerant Actinomycetes sp. Isolated from the Bay-of-Bengal
Authors: Ghosh Mrinmoy , Gera Meeta , Singh Joginder , Prasad Ram , Pulicherla Krishna Kanth 
Published: March 2020

Background:This study was carried out to classify the diversity of the deep marine psychrotolerant actinomycetes sp. nov., in the Bay of Bengal and exploit the production of coldactive industrial and pharmaceutical biomolecules.Objective:1) Characterization, optimum the growth conditions and classify the diversity of the novel isolated deep marine psychrotolerant actinomycetes sp from the Bay-of-Bengal. 2) Screening for industrially important biocatalysts and determine the antimicrobial activities against the five dreadful pathogens. 3) The differential expression profiling of the candidate genes to regulate the biosynthesis of selected enzymes.Methods:The cold-adapted actinomycetes were isolated from the deep marine water collections at 1200 mts below the surface in Bay-of-Bengal. The phenotypic and genotypic characterizations have been carried out to understand the persistent diversity of this novel marine psychrotolerant actinomycetes species. The production of cold-active enzymes, such as amylase, cellulase, lipase, pectinase, and L-asparaginase, were screened and the expression profiling genes were determined by using qRT PCR. The antibacterial and antifungal activities have also been investigated.Results:A total number of 37 novel actinomycetes were isolated and the phenotypic and genotypic characterizations identified the genus, dominated by Streptomyces (17 distinct sub-groups) as the major group, followed by Micromonospora, Actinopolyspora, Actinosynnema, Streptoverticillium, Saccharopolyspora, Nocardiopsis, and Nocardia. The optimum growth and abundant mycelium formation are observed at 15°C to 20°C and also capability for thriving at 4°C. All the isolates exhibited a significant role in the production of biocatalysts, and the antagonistic activities were also noted against five major selected pathogens.Conclusion:The Streptomyces from the Bay-of-Bengal have high biosynthetic potential and can serve as a good resource for the exploration of bioactive natural products
Acute Toxicological and Histopathological Elucidation of Rheum emodi Rhizome Extract to Demonstrate Antidiabetic Activity in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Radhika Ravindran , Ramadas Dinesha , Ragavan Baliah , Sudarsanam Dorairaj , Kameshwar Vivek H. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Rheum emodi has been used traditionally to treat diabetes in India. The
study was designed to elucidate the effect of 75% ethanolic extract of R. emodi (rhizome) (EE-ReR)
and its isolated compounds like emodin and chrysophanol on alloxan-induced diabetic rats,
and to check its antidiabetic efficacy. Acute toxicological and histopathological studies were also
assessed.

Methods:
Experimental rats were divided into six groups, with each group consisting of 6 rats. EEReR
and its compounds emodin and chrysophanol were given orally for 30 days.

Results:
The experimental rats were sacrificed after 30 days by cervical dislocation. The renal profile
and lipid parameters were determined. Histopathological changes in liver, kidney and pancreas
were examined in EE-ReR treated group. EE-ReR was fed orally to diabetic rats, which resulted in
a decline in the fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, free fatty acids, creatinine, urea levels, and
a rise in the insulin levels was observed almost in the normal range, in the rats which were fed with
the extract. Histopathological studies of pancreas, kidney, and liver in diabetic rats revealed that
the treated group of rats showed normal regeneration of islets cells. Acute toxicological studies revealed
that the extract is safe up to 2000 mg/kg body weight of extract fed orally.

Conclusion:
These findings are suggestive of a possible protective and prevent damage to the internal organs played by the R. emodi and its compounds like emodin and chrysophanol compounds and elevate insulin production during high blood glucose levels without any acute toxicologically effect.
Citric Acid Production by the Solid-State Cultivation Consortium of Aspergillus Niger and Trichoderma Reesei from Sugarcane Bagasse
Authors: Bastos Reinaldo G. , Ribeiro Hiléia C. 
Published: March 2020

Aims:
The aim of this research was to evaluate the SSC of Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma reesei alone and in consortium for the citric acid production from sugarcane bagasse.

Methods:
Solid-State Cultivation (SSC) is characterized by microbial growth on solid supports often agroindustrial by-products in the near absence of free water conditions. Citric acid, an important by-product used in various sectors of the economy, can be obtained from the SSC using sugarcane bagasse, minimizing the cost of its production with the use of this industrial by-product.

Results:
The fungal consortiums have advantages over the isolated cultures, highlighting the best use of substrates due to enzyme supplementation, especially hydrolases.

Conclusion:
The results indicated a specific production of citric acid of 2.51 mg per g of biomass per hour, which was higher than that obtained when using the two fungi alone.
Occupational Exposure to Noise and Age-related Hearing Loss in an Elderly Population of Southern Italy
Authors: De Maria Luigi , Caputi Antonio , Sardone Rodolfo , Cannone Enza Sabrina Silvana , Mansi Francesca , Birtolo Francesco , Delfino Maria Celeste , Cavone Domenica , Vimercati Luigi 
Published: March 2020

Background:Age-Related Hearing Loss (ARHL) is a gradual and irreversible age-dependent decline in auditory function. There is still no consensus on the long-term functional effects of noise exposure on ARHL.Objective:This study aimed to compare the prevalence of ARHL in an elderly population occupationally exposed to noise in a non-exposed population.Methods:The population was divided into two groups: a group of 482 subjects professionally exposed to noise for over 10 years and a group of 1129 non-exposed subjects. Among the exposed subjects, a subgroup of 298 who worked for over 10 years in the glassware industry was selected. All the participants underwent a thorough otorhinolaryngological examination.Results:The presence of ARHL was found in 81% of exposed subjects and in 4% of non-exposed subjects. In the sub-group of glassware workers, the prevalence was 88%. The statistical analysis showed a significant association between previous occupational exposure to noise and ARHL (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.067-1.124; p = 0.0012) and between exposure to the glassware industry and ARHL (OR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.78-1.96; p = 0.006).Conclusion:Consistent with recent studies, we found a significantly higher prevalence of ARHL among workers exposed to noise; however, further studies are needed to support these findings.
A NEW METHOD FOR PREDICTING BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA IN PATIENTS WITH INFLUENZA AND OTHER ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Ambalov Yu. M. , Sizyakin D. V. , Dudarev I. V. , Dontsov D. V. , Kurdin A. A. , Kovalenko A. P. , Usatkin A. V. , Proydakov M. A. , Mamedova N. I. 
Published: March 2020

Purpose: to develop an effective and affordable method for a practical doctor to predict the development of bacterial pneumonia in patients with influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections. Materials and methods: to develop a method for predicting bacterial pneumonia in patients with influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections, a continuous group of 247 patients was formed: 63 of them were diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia for 5-7 days of illness, and the remaining 184 had verified infectious diseases in uncomplicated form. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the proposed forecast method was performed on 150 patients with influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections. The technical basis of this study was the Extech 110 pH meter, with which the observed acidity of the skin of the lower third of the palmar surface of the forearm was studied on the 1-2, 3-4, 7-10 days of the disease. Results: the developed method for predicting bacterial pneumonia in patients with influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections is characterized by prostate use, as well as high rates of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.Conclusions: the pH level of the skin of the palmar surface of the lower third of the forearm in patients with influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections of less than 4.80 is a statistically significant prognostic criterion for the development of this category of patients in the next 2-3 days of bacterial pneumonia.
Love My Body: Pilot Study to Understand Reproductive Health Vulnerabilities in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Tzilos Wernette Golfo , Countryman Kristina , Khatibi Kristie , Riley Erin , Stephenson Rob 
Published: March 2020

Background
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are on the rise in the United States, and adolescent girls (15-19 years old) are more susceptible to acquiring STIs than their male peers. The co-occurrence of alcohol use and sexual risk taking contribute significantly to STI acquisition. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions are ideally suited for our target population and have demonstrated increases in STI testing in young people, as well as reductions in alcohol use.

Objective
This pilot study used both qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the views of adolescent girls (age range 15-19 years old; 74.6%, 279/374 white) on the desired qualities and content of an mHealth app for sexual health.

Methods
We conducted nine 60-min in-depth interviews (IDIs) to gather information and identify themes of sexual health and alcohol use, and we tested the feasibility of using a two-week social media campaign to collect survey information regarding sexual health risk in adolescent girls.

Results
We iteratively coded IDIs and identified major themes around pressure of alcohol use, lack of STI knowledge, male pressure to not use condoms, and pregnancy as a worse outcome than STIs. Results from the web-based survey on risky health behaviors, which was completed by 367 participants, support the use of a sexual health app designed for girls.

Conclusions
Future work will integrate these themes to inform the development of a culturally sensitive mHealth app to prevent STIs among adolescent girls.
Drivers of Mobile Health Acceptance and Use From the Patient Perspective: Survey Study and Quantitative Model Development
Authors: Salgado Tânia , Tavares Jorge , Oliveira Tiago 
Published: March 2020

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) has potential to play a significant role in realizing a reversal of the current paradigm in health care toward a more patient-centric and more collaborative system to improve the outcomes obtained along with the quality and sustainability of health care systems.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore and understand individual mHealth acceptance drivers between two groups of users: those with chronic health conditions and those without.

Methods
The extended unified theory of acceptance and usage of technology (UTAUT2) was enhanced with a new health-related framework: behavior intention to recommend and new mediation effects. We applied partial least squares (PLS) causal modeling to test the research model.

Results
We obtained 322 valid responses through an online questionnaire. The drivers of behavior intention with statistical significance were performance expectancy (β=.29, P<.001), habit (β=.39, P<.001), and personal empowerment (β=.18, P=.01). The precursors of use behavior were habit (β= .47, P<.001) and personal empowerment (β=.17, P=.01). Behavior intention to recommend was significantly influenced by behavior intention (β=.58, P<.001) and personal empowerment (β=.26, P<.001). The model explained 66% of the total variance in behavior intention, 54% of the variance in use behavior, and 70% of the variance in behavior intention to recommend.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrates a significant role of personal empowerment, as a second-order construct, in the mHealth acceptance context. The presence of a chronic health condition predicates an impact on acceptance of this technology.
Role of Critical Success factors (CSF) in the implementation of Six Sigma in hospitals: A preliminary study in Pakistan
Authors: Abid Muzna , Butt Osama Majeed , Ann Quratul , Rashid Bushra , Sri Devi Nanthini 
Published: March 2020

Six sigma can enable us to determine the possible solutions to most of the problems which are being faced by the healthcare system of Pakistan. Six sigma is a viable way to make healthcare rapid and proficient. It is already being successfully utilized around the globe in service as well as the manufacturing sector. This research is a preliminary study; conducted, in an attempt, to highlight the issues in healthcare like scarcity of medicines, the inefficiency of medical staff, insufficient beds and low doctor/patient ratio in hospitals of Pakistan. A proposal is proposed for a viable solution in the form of six-sigma. For this study, six-sigma identifies the potential issue by involving all employees of the targeted sectors. The collection of primary data was done from employees at quality departments in hospitals and via survey. The importance of critical success factors in the public and private hospitals of Pakistan was determined by the aforementioned survey. Critical analysis pointed out that most of the employees were unaware of the quality initiatives and six-sigma.
Mapping the Linguistic Landscape of Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Husin Misyana Susanti , Ariffin Kamisah , De Mello Geraldine , Omar Nur Hidayatulshima , Anuardin Aini Andria Shirin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract: Linguistic landscape (LL) refers to the visibility and salience of languages on public and commercial signs in a given territory or region. The highest density of signs can be found in cities and towns, particularly in the main shopping streets and industrial areas. This study is a synchronic analysis of digitally photographed commercial shop signs in three selected regions of Kuala Lumpur that focuses on the patterns of the language use. Findings reveal bilingual shop signs dominated the shopping streets in the areas adjacent to and within Kuala Lumpur and English being more prevalent than the national language or other languages. There was also visibility of foreign languages that offers linguistic diversity in the cityscapes. In summary, multilingualism in the areas boils down to different languages being used and functioning in differing ways.
PERAN FEASIBILITY DAN ENTREPRENEURIAL SELF-EFFICACY DALAM MEMEDIASI PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP NIAT BERWIRAUSAHA
Authors: Afrianty Tri Wulida 
Published: March 2020

In line with the government's efforts to encourage the growth of entrepreneurs among the younger generation, several universities in Indonesia (one of them is Universitas Brawijaya) has set an entrepreneurship course as one of the mandatory courses at the undergraduate level. However, to date, no systematic research and publications have been found on the effectiveness of those entrepreneurship education. Therefore, by using the theory of perception, the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether an entrepreneurship education provided to students of Universitas Brawijaya is able to foster their entrepreneurial intentions. Specifically, this study analyzes the effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions mediated by feasibility and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach. The population of this research is all active students of Universitas Brawijaya who have taken entrepreneurship courses. The sampling technique used was quota sampling with a total of 150 respondents representing 15 faculties. The data collection method was carried out using a survey questionnaire. The analytical tool used in this study is Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study indicate that feasibility and entrepreneurial self-efficacy mediate the effect of entrepreneurship education on the student’s entrepreneurial intentions. Selaras dengan upaya pemerintah untuk mendorong tumbuhnya wirausaha di kalangan generasi muda, beberapa universitas di Indonesia (termasuk Universitas Brawijaya) telah menetapkan mata kuliah kewirausahaan sebagai salah satu mata kuliah wajib pada strata S1. Namun, sampai saat ini belum ditemukan penelitian serta publikasi yang sistematis tentang efektifitas pendidikan kewirausahaan tersebut. Untuk itu, dengan menggunakan teori persepsi, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi apakah pendidikan kewirausahaan yang diberikan kepada mahasiswa Universitas Brawijaya mampu menumbuhkan niat berwirausaha bagi mahasiswa. Secara spesifik, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh pendidikan kewirausahaan terhadap niat berwirausaha dengan dimediasi oleh feasibility dan entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa aktif Universitas Brawijaya yang telah menempuh mata kuliah kewirausahaan. Teknik sampel yang dipergunakan adalah teknik quota sampling dengan total responden berjumlah 150 dari 15 fakultas yang ada di Universitas Brawijaya. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan survey questionnaire. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah Partial Least Square (PLS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa feasibility dan entrepreneurial self-efficacy memediasi pengaruh pendidikan kewirausahaan terhadap niat berwirausaha.