bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergency peripartum hysterectomy in a tertiary teaching hospital in Northern Jordan: a 15-year review
Authors: Rawashdeh Hasan , Obeidat Rawan , Masaadeh Lubna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Emergency Peripartum hysterectomy is a major operation performed when conservative measures fail to stop life-threatening postpartum haemorrhage. It is associated with a high rate of maternal morbidity among survivors. The aim of this work is to evaluate the incidence, indication, and complications of peripartum hysterectomy at King Abdulla University Hospital over a 15-year period.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study of emergency peripartum hysterectomy. The incidence was calculated. Risk factors for abnormal placentation were explored. A comparison between total and subtotal hysterectomy in terms of morbidity outcomes was conducted. The Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact and Independent Sample T-Test were used for analysis. Statistical significance was declared at α < 0.05.
Results
The incidence of peripartum hysterectomy was 1.46 per 1000 births. Sixty-three were performed after caesarean section and three were performed after vaginal delivery (P < 0.001). Abnormal placentation (accreta, increta and percreta) was the main indication (46.03%). The strongest risk factor for abnormal placentation was placenta previa with previous caesarean section (P < 0.001, OR 17.33, 95% CI 2.09–143.14). One maternal and three neonatal deaths were recorded. Urinary bladder injury was the most frequent complication (26.98%). No difference in morbidity noted between total and subtotal hysterectomy.
Conclusions
The incidence of emergency peripartum hysterectomy in increasing steadily over the last two decades in the north of Jordan. Abnormal placentation is the commonest indication for emergency peripartum hysterectomy. There is no significant difference between total and subtotal hysterectomy in terms of complications` development, admission to the ICU, and estimated blood loss. The morbidity associated with emergency peripartum hysterectomy is significant.
Programmable artificial intelligence machine for wave sensing and communications
Authors: Cui Tie Jun , Liu Che , ma qian , Luo Zhangjie , Hong Qiaoru , Xiao Qiang , Zhang Hao Chi , Miao Long , Yu Wenming , Cheng Qiang , Li Lianlin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Artificial intelligence is facilitating human life in many aspects. Previous artificial intelligence has been mainly focused on computer algorithms (e.g. deep-learning and extreme-learning) and integrated circuits. Recently, all-optical diffractive deep neural networks (D2NN) were realized by using passive structures, which can perform complicated functions designed by computer-based neural networks at the light speed. However, once a passive D2NN architecture is fabricated, its function will be fixed. Here, we propose a programmable artificial intelligence machine (PAIM) that can execute various intellectual tasks by realizing hierarchical connections of brain neurons via a multi-layer digital-coding metasurface array. Integrated with two amplifier chips in each meta-atom, its transmission coefficient covers a dynamic range of 35 dB (from -40 dB to -5 dB), which is the basis to construct the reprogrammable physical layers of D2NN, in which the digital meta-atoms make the artificial neurons alive. We experimentally show that PAIM can handle various deep-learning tasks for wave sensing, including image classifications, mobile communication coder-decoder, and real-time multi-beam focusing. In particular, we propose a reinforcement learning algorithm for on-site learning and discrete optimization algorithm for digital coding, making PAIM have autonomous intelligence ability and perform self-learning tasks without the support of extra computer.
A Network Pharmacology-Based Study on Active Ingredients of Corydalis Rhizoma on Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Li Ying , Wei Guhang , Zhuang Zhenkun , Chen Mingtai , Yuan Changjian , Lin Haidan , Li Meihuan , Wu Yanhui , Chen Hongyu , Zhang Zhong , Cheng Hong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCorydalis Rhizoma(CR) showed a high efficacy for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the interaction between the active ingredients of CR and the targets of CHD has not been unequivocally explained in previous researches. To study the active components and potential targets of Corydalis Rhizoma and to determine the mechanism underlying the exact effect of Corydalis Rhizoma on coronary heart disease, a method of network pharmacology was used.Materials and MethodsThe active components of CR and targets corresponding to each component were scanned out from Traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP), and target genes of CHD were searched on GeneCards database and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM) database. The active components and common targets of CR and CHD were used to build the “CR-CHD” network through Cytoscape (version 3.2.1) software as well as protein-protein interaction(PPI) network on String database. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was executed by clusterProfiler(version 3.8) and DOSE(version 3.6) package on R platform.Results49 active ingredients and 394 relevant targets of CR and the 7173 CHD-related genes were retrieved. 40 common genes were selected for subsequent analysis. Crucial biological processes and pathways were obtained and analyzed, including DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding, kinase regulator activity, ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding, fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, TNF signaling pathway, apoptosis, MAPK signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.ConclusionsOverall, CR could alleviate CHD through the mechanisms predicted by network pharmacology, laying the foundation for future development of new drugs from traditional Chinese medicine on CHD.
Vision Loss in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis Treated with Tocilizumab
Authors: Amsler Jennifer , Kysela Iveta , Tappeiner Christoph , Seitz Luca , Christ Lisa , Scholz Godehard , Stalder Odile , Kollert Florian , Reichenbach Stephan , Villiger Peter 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) may lead to vision loss. To what extent tocilizumab (TCZ) is able to prevent vision loss is unknown. The aim was to analyze the occurrence of vision loss in a large GCA cohort treated with TCZ.Methods: In this observational monocentric study, GCA patients treated with TCZ between the years 2010 and 2018 were studied. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. Results: A total of 186 patients were included (62% female); 109 (59%) fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria, in 123 (66%) patients, large vessel vasculitis was diagnosed in magnetic resonance-angiography (MRA). Cumulative duration of TCZ treatment was 224 years, median treatment duration was 11.1 (IQR 5.6-17.9) months. Glucocorticoids (GC) were tapered over a median of 5.8 (IQR 3.0-8.5) months. At baseline, visual symptoms were present in 70 (38%) and vision loss in 21 (11%) patients. Patients with vision loss at baseline were older (p=0.032), had a lower C-reactive protein (p=0.002), more often cranial symptoms (p<0.001) or jaw claudication (p=0.031) and showed a negative association with MRA of the aorta (p=0.006). Two patients (1.1%) developed vision loss, both at initiation of TCZ treatment.Conclusion: Our data show a very low incidence of vision loss in TCZ-treated patient. The two cases of AION occurred at initiation of therapy, they support the hypothesis that advanced, and established structural changes of arteries are key factors for this accident. Whether shorter duration of concomitant GC treatment is risky regarding vision loss needs to be studied.
Discrete Choice Experiment to Determine Preferences of Decision-Makers in Healthcare for Different Formats of Rapid Reviews.
Authors: Speckemeier Christian , Krabbe Laura , Schwenke Susanne , Wasem Jürgen , Buchberger Barbara , Neusser Silke 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Time-saving formats of evidence syntheses have been developed to fulfil healthcare policymakers’ demands for timely evidence-based information. A discrete choice experiment (DCE) with decision-makers and people involved in the preparation of evidence syntheses was undertaken to elicit preferences for methodological shortcuts in the conduct of abbreviated reviews.Methods D-optimal scenarios, each containing 14 pairwise comparisons, were designed for the DCE: the development of an evidence synthesis in 20 working days (scenario 1) and 12 months (scenario 2), respectively. Six attributes (number of databases, number of reviewers during screening, publication period, number of reviewers during data extraction, full-text analysis, types of HTA domains) with 2 to 3 levels each were defined. These were presented to the target population in an online survey. The relative importance of the individual attributes was determined using logistic regression models.Results Scenario 1 was completed by 36 participants and scenario 2 by 26 participants. The linearity assumption was confirmed by the full model. In both scenarios, the linear difference model showed a preference for higher levels for ‘number of reviewers during data extraction’, followed by ‘number of reviewers during screening’ and ‘full-text analysis’. Subgroup analyses showed that preferences are influenced by participation in the preparation of evidence syntheses.Conclusion The surveyed persons expressed preferences for quality standards in the process of literature screening and data extraction.
Generation and characterization of cardiac valve endothelial-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Cheng Lingxi , Song Yu , Zhang Yanyong , Geng Yingchao , Xu Weilin , Wang Zheng , Wang Lin , huang kai , Dong Nianguo , Sun Yuhua 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The cardiac valvular endothelial cells (VECs) are an ideal cell source that could be used for making the valve organoids. However, few studies have been focused on the derivation of this important cell type. Here we describe a two-step chemically defined xeno-free method for generating VEC-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). HPSCs were specified to KDR+/ISL1+ multipotent cardiac progenitors (CPCs), followed by differentiation into valve endothelial-like cells (VELs). Mechanistically, administration of TGFb1 and BMP4 may specify VEC fate by activating the NOTCH/WNT signaling pathways and previously unidentified targets such as ATF3 and KLF family of transcription factors. When seeded onto the surface of the de-cellularized porcine aortic valve (DCV) matrix scaffolds, hPSC-derived VELs exhibit superior proliferative and clonogenic potential than the primary VECs. Our results suggest that hPSC-derived VELs could serve as as a potential platform for the mechanistic study of valvulogenesis, and as starting materials for the construction of the valve organoids.
Specific Activities and the Trajectories of Cognitive Decline among Middle-aged and Older Adults: A Five-year Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Li Bingyu , Bi Jiefeng , Wei Chang , Sha Feng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Emerging evidence indicates that leisure activities are associated with higher risk of cognitive impairment and dementia among the older adults, but how specific activities influence cognitive decline among different age groups, especially the late middle-aged and the early old, remains inadequately studied. This study aims to examine association between specific activities with trajectories of cognitive functions in different age groups in China. Methods: This longitudinal cohort study included 14,161 Chinese individuals aged 45 years or above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Data were collected bi-annually from 2011 to 2015. Cognitive function, including memory and mental status, was measured by Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status (TICS) battery. Mixed effects growth models were applied to analyse the association between specific activities and cognitive functions.Results: Four activities, respectively interacting with friends, playing Mah-jong or other card games, going to a sport and providing help to others, were found to be significantly associated with participants’ cognitive functioning. All four activities are associated with better memory. Infrequently playing Mah-jong or other card games and daily sports are significantly associated with better mental status. In addition, specific effect of each activity varies among population of different age, education level, gender and residence. Conclusions: This study identifies four social activities that are associated with better cognitive functions, and provides a comprehensive, in-depth understanding on the specific protective effect of each activity among different subgroups. These findings have practical implications for feasible and personalized cognitive health interventions.
WITHDRAWN: Serum Cystatin C as a Biomarker for Early Diabetic Nephropathy and Dyslipidemia in Young Type 1 Diabetes Patients
Authors: Radzeviciene Lina , Stankute Ingrida , Monstaviciene Ausra , Dobrovolskiene Rimantė , Danyte Evalda , Verkauskiene Rasa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. Early capture of initial stages of complications is the destination of long term follow up of type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical significance of serum cystatin C in the early diagnosis of renal injury and its association with dyslipidemia in young T1D patients.Methods. 779 subjects were evaluated for kidney function by estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on serum creatinine (eGFRcreat) and cystatin C (eGFRcys). Results. Median age of study subjects was 16.2 years (2.1;26.4), diabetes duration – 5.3 years (0.51;24.0). The median of HbA1c was 8% (5.2;19.9) (64 mmol/mol (33.3;194)); 24.2% of participants had HbA1c <7% (53 mmol/mol). Elevated albumin excretion rate was found in 13.5% of subjects. The median of cystatin C was 0.8 mg/L (0.33;1.71), the median of creatinine – 63 µmol/L (6;126). Median of eGFRcys was lower than eGFRcreat (92 ml/min/1.73m2 vs. 101 ml/min/1.73m2, p<0.001). 30.2% of all patients were classified as having worse kidney function when using cystatin C vs. creatinine for eGFR calculation. Linear correlations were found between cystatin C and HbA1c, r=-0.088, p<0.05, as well as cystatin C and HDL, r=-0.097, p<0.01.Conclusion. This study showed that cystatin C might be used as an additional biomarker of early kidney injury for young patients with T1D.
Hospital Service Quality Based on HEALTHQUAL Model and Trusting Nurses at Iranian University and Non-University Hospitals: A Comparative Study
Authors: Nemati Reza , Bahreini Masoud , Pouladi Shahnaz , Mirzaei Kamran , Mehboodi Farkhondeh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Establishment and improvement of patients’ trust in healthcare organizations like hospitals necessitate delivering high-quality services by nurses, as the largest group of healthcare providers. The present study aimed to compare hospital service quality based on the HEALTHQUAL model and trusting nurses at university and non-university hospitals in Iran.Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 990 patients admitted to university and non-university hospitals located in Bushehr Province, southern Iran, who were selected using the stratified random sampling method. The data were collected through the HEALTHQUAL questionnaire and the Trust in Nurses Scale, and then analyzed via the SPSS Statistics software (version 22) as well as the General Linear Model (GLM) univariate procedure and the Chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05.Results: The study findings revealed that the mean values of real quality (perceptions) and ideal quality (expectations) were 3.89±0.69 4.55±0.47, respectively. The gap between the real and ideal quality (-0.64) was also higher at the non-university hospital from the patients’ viewpoints. Comparing various dimensions of service quality, the largest gap at university and non-university hospitals was associated with “environment” (-0.13) and “empathy” (-0.18), respectively. Additionally, the mean scores of patient trust in nurses at university and non-university hospitals were 10.34±5.81 and 8.71±4.05, respectively, being a statistically significant difference (p<0.001).Conclusion: The study results demonstrated that hospital service quality and trusting in nurses were at higher levels at the university hospital than the non-university one; however, hospital service quality was lower than what the patients had expected. Accordingly, hospital managers and policy-makers were suggested to focus on patients to reduce gaps in service quality, to promote service quality, and to provide better healthcare services to patients.
Sense of Coherence and Strategies for Coping with Stress Among Nurses
Authors: Betke Katarzyna , Basińska Małgorzata Anna , Andruszkiewicz Anna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe nursing profession is associated with constant presence of difficult situations and stress, which arise from responsibility for the highest values – human life and health. With demographic changes in the society, the demand for nursing care increases. Looking after the health of nursing staff becomes a non-material investment in employees. One of the most important health potentials described in literature is the sense of coherence. It can significantly contribute to maintaining good health, modify one’s functioning in a stressful working environment and influence the choice of strategies for coping with stress.AimThe aim of the study was to describe the specific relationship between the sense of coherence and strategies for coping with stress in a group of professionally active nurses.Methodology and methodsThe study involved 90 female nurses and 1 male nurse aged 22-52, the group was diversified in terms of: education, work system, marital status and place of residence. The study was conducted with the use of: Sense of Coherence Questionnaire SOC-29 and Inventory to Measure Coping Strategies with Stress - Mini-COPE. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of scientific research set out in the Helsinki Declaration.ResultsThe sense of coherence value in the test group was M = 134.24 (SD = 19.55). In stressful situations nurses most often used active strategies to cope with stress: Planning M = 2.10 (SD = 0.54), Seeking Emotional Social Support M = 1.95 (SD = 0.68) and Seeking Instrumental Social Support M = 1.95 (SD = 0.69), and the least frequently: Alcohol/Drug Use M = 0.28 (SD = 0.48). The level of the sense of coherence and its components differentiated the strategies of coping with stress used in the examined group of nurses. ConclusionsThe research confirmed that the sense of coherence serves as a health potential in a stressful working environment. Nurses with a stronger sense of coherence used more adaptive strategies to deal with stress than those with average or low levels.
Risk Factors of Femoral Fractures in Lateral Decubitus Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty Using Conventional Stem: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Sun Guanjun , Yin Yi , Ye Yongjie , Li Qingshan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: In order to provide guideline to operation and reduce the incidence of fractures, this study analyze the relationship between femoral fractures and related factors in direct anterior approach (DAA) total hip arthroplasty (THA) in lateral decubitus position. Method: A consecutive retrospective series of 273 THA by DAA in lateral decubitus position were analyzed. The surgery were performed by the same surgeon with conventional operation bed and femoral stem. The correlations between incidence of fractures with gender, age, body mass index (BMI), height, osteoporosis, anterior superior iliac spine-greater trochanter distance (ASIS-GTD), and hip-joint diseases were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results: Among all hip arthroplasty, 34 cases had femoral fractures, including 29 greater trochanter fractures, 4 proximal femoral splits and 1 femoral perforation. The incidence of fractures was 13.03%. Univariate analysis: the discrepancies in incidence of fractures among genders, BMIs and age were not significant different; osteoporosis caused an increase of fractures; the incidence of fractures declined as height, ASIS-GTD increased; The incidence of femoral neck fracture and osteonecrosis of femoral head was lower than others. Logistic regression results: there was a significant correlation between osteoporosis, ASIS-GTD and fractures. Patients with osteoporosis had a high possibility of fractures (OR=2.353); the possibility of fractures decreased with an upward ASIS-GTD(OR=0.939). Conclusion: The lateral decubitus DAA THA can be successfully performed using conventional operation bed and stem, which saved medical resources effectively. Osteoporosis and ASIS-GTD were independent risk factors for femoral fractures; Short stature, inflammatory arthroses were relatively risk factors.
An Effective Live Vaccine Strain Of Trypanosoma Cruzi Prevents Chagas Disease In The Mouse Model
Authors: Jha Bijay , Varikuti Sanjay , Bishop Nicholas , Santos Gregory dos , McDonald Jacquelyn , Sur Aakash , Myler Peter , Schenkman Sérgio , Satoskar Abhay , McGwire Bradford 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease for which there are no prophylactic vaccines. Cyclophilin 19 is a secreted cis-trans peptidyl isomerase expressed in all life stages of Trypanosoma cruzi, which in the insect stage leads to the inactivation of insect anti-parasitic peptides and parasite transformation and in intracellular amastigotes participates in generating ROS enhancing parasite growth. We have generated a parasite knock-out mutant of Cyp19 which fails to replicate in cell culture or in mice indicating that lack of Cyp19 is critical for infectivity. Knock-out parasites fail to replicate in or cause clinical disease in immune-deficient mice further validating their lack of virulence. Repeated inoculation of knock-out parasites into immuno-competent mice elicits parasite-specific antibodies and T-cell responses. Challenge of immunized mice with wild-type parasites is 100% effective at preventing disease. These results indicate that the knock-out parasite line is a live vaccine candidate for Chagas disease.