bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current state of hypnotic use disorders: Results of a survey using the Japanese version of Benzodiazepine Dependence Self‐Report Questionnaire
Authors: Yamamoto Mai , Inada Ken , Enomoto Minori , Habukawa Mitsunari , Hirose Takahisa , Inoue Yuichi , Ishigooka Jun , Kamei Yuichi , Kitajima Tsuyoshi , Miyamoto Masayuki , Shinno Hideto , Nishimura Katsuji , Ozone Motohiro , Takeshima Masahiro , Suzuki Mayumi , Yamashita Hidehisa , Mishima Kazuo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsBenzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZ‐RAs) are frequently prescribed to treat insomnia; however, their long‐term use is not recommended. To introduce an appropriate pharmaco‐therapy, the current state and background factors of BZ‐RAs' dependence must be elucidated. In this study, we developed a Japanese version of the Benzodiazepine Dependence Self‐Report Questionnaire (Bendep‐SRQ‐J) and conducted a study of BZ‐RAs' use disorder.MethodsThe Bendep‐SRQ‐J was created with permission from the original developer. Subjects were inpatients and outpatients receiving BZ‐RAs between 2012 and 2013. Clinical data collected were Bendep‐SRQ‐J scores, sleep disorders for which BZ‐RAs were prescribed, physical comorbidities, psychotropic drugs, and lifestyle factors. Logistic analysis was performed to extract factors associated with severe symptoms.ResultsOf the 707 patients prescribed BZ‐RAs, 324 had voluntarily tapered or discontinued their drugs. Logistic analysis showed that the total number of drugs administered in the last 6 months correlated with both worsening of symptoms or conditions. This was more notable among younger patients, and the proportion of patients with severe symptoms or conditions increased with the increasing number of drugs.ConclusionUsing the Bendep‐SRQ‐J, we elucidated the current state of BZ‐RA dependence. Nearly half of the patients were non‐compliant. The proportion of patients with severe symptoms or disease conditions increased with the increase in the number of drugs administered. These findings highlight the need for clinicians to be aware of the likelihood of benzodiazepine dependence, especially in young patients and patients prescribed multiple hypnotics.
Differential in complementary prisms
Authors: Berberler Zeynep Nihan , Kanli Akin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLet G = (V, E) be a graph of order n and let B(D) be the set of vertices in V\D that have a neighbor in the set D. The differential of a set D is defined as ∂(D) =  |B(D)|  −  |D| and the differential of a graph to equal the maximum value of ∂(D) for any subset D of V. A set D of vertices of a graph G is said to be a dominating set if every vertex in V\D is adjacent to a vertex in D. G is a dominant differential graph if it contains a ∂‐set which is also a dominating set. Let be the complement of a graph G. The complementary prism of G is the graph formed from the disjoint union of G and by adding the edges of a perfect matching between the corresponding vertices of G and . This paper is devoted to the computation of differential of complementary prisms . Particular attention is given to the complementary prims of special types of graphs and dominant differential complementary prisms are recognized. Furthermore, a sharp lower bound on the differential of the complementary prism of a graph G in terms of the order of G is presented and the graphs attaining this lower bound are characterized. Finally, the graphs G are characterized for which is small.
Robust fusion steady‐state estimators for networked stochastic uncertain systems with packet dropouts and missing measurements
Authors: Liu Wenqiang , Tao Guili 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this article, the robust fusion steady‐state filtering problem is investigated for a class of multisensor networked systems with mixed uncertainties. The uncertainties include state‐dependent and noise‐dependent multiplicative noises, missing measurements, packet dropouts, and uncertain noise variances, the phenomena of missing measurements and packet dropouts occur in a random way, and are described by two Bernoulli distributed random variables with known conditional probabilities. Using a model transformation approach, which consists of augmented approach, de‐randomization approach and fictitious noise approach, the original multisensor system under study is converted into a multi‐model multisensor system with only uncertain noise variances. According to the minimax robust estimation principle, based on the worst‐case subsystems with conservative upper bounds of uncertain noise variances, the robust local steady‐state Kalman estimators (predictor, filter, and smoother) are presented in a unified framework. Applying the optimal fusion algorithm weighted by matrices, the robust distributed weighted state fusion steady‐state Kalman estimators are derived for the considered system. The robustness of the proposed estimators is proved by using a combination method consisting of augmented noise approach, decomposition approach of non‐negative definite matrix, matrix representation approach of quadratic form, and Lyapunov equation approach, such that for all admissible uncertainties, the actual steady‐state estimation error variances of the estimators are guaranteed to have the corresponding minimal upper bounds. The accuracy relations among the robust local and fused steady‐state Kalman estimators are proved. An example with application to autoregressive moving average (ARMA) signal processing is proposed, which shows that the robust local and fusion signal estimation problems can be solved by the state estimation problems. Simulation example verifies the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed results.
Palladium Extraction from Nitrate Solutions with the Disulfide of Bis(2,4,4‐trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic Acid
Authors: Grigorieva Natalya A. , Fleitlikh Isaac Y. , Logutenko Olga A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis work presents data on palladium recovery from nitrate solutions with the disulfide of bis(2,4,4‐trimethylpentyl)dithiophosphinic acid (L) in toluene. Extraction of palladium with the disulfide is slow but it increases as the concentration of L in the organic phase increases. At a concentration of L equal to 0.01 mol/L, almost complete extraction of palladium (99.7 %) is achieved within 20 minutes. The extraction efficiency also increases with increasing temperature. Maximum palladium recovery occurs at an HNO3 concentration of 1.0 mol/L in the aqueous phase. Analysis of the interphase palladium distribution showed that the extraction of palladium with the disulfide in toluene is due to the formation of the complexes of variable composition [(Pd(NO3)2)n⋅L] in the organic phase where n=1–4. The disulfide can be used to recover palladium from nitric acid solutions containing metal impurities. The degree of palladium extraction in one‐stage is 98.2 %, therefore the extractant is highly selective toward Pd(II) in the presence of Ni(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Zn(II), and Fe(III). Almost complete palladium stripping from the organic phase is achieved with a mixture of thiourea and hydrochloric acid solutions.
A Highly Efficient Co3V2O8/MoS2/Carbon Cloth Nanocomposite Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Xu Qixin , Qin Weiwei , Tian Wenyu , Chu Jin‐Feng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs a clean energy source, water splitting can produce both hydrogen and oxygen, so it is significant to design high performance bifunctional electrocatalysts to improve the reaction efficiency, but remains a challenge. Herein, a Co3V2O8/MoS2/ carbon cloth (Co3V2O8/MoS2/CC) composite was prepared by two‐step hydrothermal growth of Co3V2O8/MoS2 on carbon cloth. This nanocomposite exhibited highly efficient electrocatalytic properties in both hydrogen evolution reactions and oxygen evolution reactions. When the current density reached 10 mA cm−2, it merely required the overpotentials of 98 mV and 259 mV, respectively. Moreover, at a two‐electrode system, we measured the performance of Co3V2O8/MoS2/CC acted as both anode and cathode, and the current density could achieve 10 mA cm−2 with the voltage of only 1.62 V.
Regulation of volatile fatty acid accumulation from waste: Effect of inoculum pretreatment
Authors: Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan , Deka Deepmoni , Das Gopal 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe study investigates the implications of waste feedstock, inoculum origin, and pretreatment on volatile fatty acids accumulation (VFA). The acidogenic fermentation of the feedstocks, rice mill effluent (RME), and brewery effluent (BE) was studied using untreated and pretreated (cyclic heat‐acid shock) brewery anaerobic sludge as inoculum. The pretreatment was successful in refining and stabilizing VFA production from the feedstocks. The fermentation of RME with pretreated sludge had an enhanced acetate yield of 0.37 ± 0.02 mgCOD/mgCOD, even to odd ratio of 20.97 ± 0.08 mg/mg and the highest butyrate yield of 0.39 ± 0.01 mgCOD/mgCOD compared to untreated system. The pretreated system had stability in COD and pH profile, while VFA content depends on the origin of inoculum. Pretreatment inhibited the carbon sinks and augmented acetate–butyrate type metabolism with stable performance. The fermentation of RME by pretreated sludge produced a higher even‐numbered VFAs and enhanced even to odd ratio in comparison with fermentation of BE, thereby affecting polymer composition and property.Practitioner points

The pretreated system had stable acidification, chemical oxygen demand, and pH profile.
The pretreated system had higher acetate and butyrate yield compared to the untreated system.
Rice mill effluent acidified with pretreated sludge had the highest even to odd ratio, 20.97 mg/mg.
The even to odd ratio for acidification of brewery effluent was insignificant.
Pretreatment, the origin of sludge, and the effluent had a regulatory effect on acidification.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 and the risk of vertical transmission: a systematic review
Authors: Chi Jianhua , Gong Wenjian , Gao Qinglei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This systematic review summarizes the clinical features and maternal–infant outcomes of 230 pregnant women (154 patients gave birth) infected with COVID-19 and their 156 infants, including the possibility and evidence of vertical transmission.

Methods
An electronic search of PubMed, Embase, Medline, MedRxiv, CNKI, and the Chinese Medical Journal Full Text Database following PRISMA guidelines was performed through April 18, 2020. Search terms included COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, pregnant women, infants, and vertical transmission.

Results
A total of 230 women with COVID-19 (154 deliveries, 66 ongoing pregnancies, and 10 abortions) and 156 newborns from 20 eligible studies were included in this systematic review. A total of 34.62% of the pregnant patients had obstetric complications, and 59.05% of patients displayed fever. Lymphopenia was observed in 40.71% of patients. A total of 5.19% of women received mechanical ventilation. Seven women were critically ill. One mother and two newborns died. A total of 24.74% of newborns were premature. Five newborns’ throat swab tests of SARS-CoV-2 were positive, all of which were delivered by cesarean section. For eight newborns with negative throat swab tests, three had both elevated IgM and IgG against SARS-CoV-2. Nucleic acid tests of vaginal secretions, breast milk, amniotic fluid, placental blood, and placental tissues were negative.

Conclusion
Most pregnant patients were mildly ill. The mortality of pregnant women with COVID-19 was lower than that of overall COVID-19 patients. Cesarean section was more common than vaginal delivery for pregnant women with COVID-19. Premature delivery was the main adverse event for newborns. The vertical transmission rate calculated by SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid tests was 3.91%. Serum antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 should be tested more frequently, and multiple samples should be included in pathogenic testing.
Endoscopic vacuum therapy for in- and outpatient treatment of colorectal defects
Authors: Kühn Florian , Wirth Ulrich , Zimmermann Julia , Beger Nicola , Hasenhütl Sandro M. , Drefs Moritz , Heiliger Christian , Burian Maria , Werner Jens , Schiergens Tobias S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Evidence for endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) for colorectal defects is still based on small patient series from various institutions, employing different treatment algorithms and methods. As EVT was invented at our institution 20 years ago, the aim was to report the efficacy and safety of EVT for colorectal defects as well as to analyze factors associated with efficacy, therapy duration, and outpatient treatment.

Methods
Cohort study with analysis of prospectively collected data of patients receiving EVT for colorectal defects at a tertiary referral center in Germany (n = 281).

Results
The majority of patients had malignant disease (83%) and an American Society of Anesthesiologists classification of III/IV (81%). Most frequent indications for EVT were anastomotic leakage after sigmoid or rectal resection (67%) followed by rectal stump leakage (20%). EVT was successful in 256 out of 281 patients (91%). EVT following multi-visceral resection (P = 0.037) and recent surgical revision after primary surgery (P = 0.009) were risk factors for EVT failure. EVT-associated adverse events occurred in 27 patients (10%). Median treatment duration was 25 days. Previous chemo-radiation (P = 0.006) was associated with a significant longer duration of EVT. Outpatient treatment was conducted in 49% of patients with a median hospital stay reduction of 15 days and 98% treatment success. Younger patient age (P = 0.044) was associated with the possibility of outpatient treatment. Restoration of intestinal continuity was achieved in 60% of patients where technically possible with a 12-month rate of 52%.

Conclusions
In patients with colorectal defects, EVT appears to be a safe and effective, minimally invasive option for in- and outpatient treatment.
A Plactic Algebra Action on Bosonic Particle Configurations
Authors: Meinel Joanna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe study an action of the plactic algebra on bosonic particle configurations. These particle configurations together with the action of the plactic generators can be identified with crystals of the quantum analogue of the symmetric tensor representations of the special linear Lie algebra $\mathfrak {s} \mathfrak {l}_{N}$
s

l

N

. It turns out that this action factors through a quotient algebra that we call partic algebra, whose induced action on bosonic particle configurations is faithful. We describe a basis of the partic algebra explicitly in terms of a normal form for monomials, and we compute the center of the partic algebra.
Respiratory viral testing and antibacterial treatment in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Klompas Michael , Imrey Peter B. , Yu Pei-Chun , Rhee Chanu , Deshpande Abhishek , Haessler Sarah , Zilberberg Marya D. , Rothberg Michael B. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjective:Viruses are more common than bacteria in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Little is known, however, about the frequency of respiratory viral testing and its associations with antimicrobial utilization.Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:The study included 179 US hospitals.Patients:Adults admitted with pneumonia between July 2010 and June 2015.Methods:We assessed the frequency of respiratory virus testing and compared antimicrobial utilization, mortality, length of stay, and costs between tested versus untested patients, and between virus-positive versus virus-negative patients.Results:Among 166,273 patients with pneumonia on admission, 40,787 patients (24.5%) were tested for respiratory viruses, 94.8% were tested for influenza, and 20.7% were tested for other viruses. Viral assays were positive in 5,133 of 40,787 tested patients (12.6%), typically for influenza and rhinovirus. Tested patients were younger and had fewer comorbidities than untested patients, but patients with positive viral assays were older and had more comorbidities than those with negative assays. Blood cultures were positive for bacterial pathogens in 2.7% of patients with positive viral assays versus 5.3% of patients with negative viral tests (P < .001). Antibacterial courses were shorter for virus-positive versus -negative patients overall (mean 5.5 vs 6.4 days; P < .001) but varied by bacterial testing: 8.1 versus 8.0 days (P = .60) if bacterial tests were positive; 5.3 versus 6.1 days (P < .001) if bacterial tests were negative; and 3.3 versus 5.2 days (P < .001) if bacterial tests were not obtained (interaction P < .001).Conclusions:A minority of patients hospitalized with pneumonia were tested for respiratory viruses; only a fraction of potential viral pathogens were assayed; and patients with positive viral tests often received long antibacterial courses.
Negros Bleeding-heartGallicolumba keayiprefers dense understorey vegetation and dense canopy cover, and species distribution modelling shows little remaining suitable habitat
Authors: MYNOTT HOLLY , ABRAHAMS MARK , KERHOAS DAPHNE 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe Philippines is a global biodiversity hotspot, with a large number of threatened bird species, one of which is the ‘Critically Endangered’ Negros Bleeding-heartGallicolumba keayi. The aim of this study was to investigate the habitat preference of the Negros Bleeding-heart and undertake species distribution modelling to locate areas of conservation importance based on identified suitable habitat. A survey of 94 point-counts was undertaken and eight camera traps were deployed from May to August 2018 in the Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park, Panay, Philippines. Habitat variables (canopy cover, understorey cover, ground cover, elevation, presence of rattanCalamusorDaemonoropsspp. and pandanPandanussp., tree diameter at breast height, and branching architecture were measured in 5 m-radius quadrats. To identify areas of potentially suitable habitat for the Negros Bleeding-heart, species distribution was modelled in MaxEnt using tree cover and elevation data on Panay and Negros. Using a Generalised Linear Model, Negros Bleeding-heart presence was found to be significantly positively associated with dense understorey cover and dense canopy cover. Species distribution modelling showed that the Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park is currently the most suitably located protected area for Negros Bleeding-heart conservation, while protected areas in Negros require further law enforcement. It is imperative that protection is continued in the Northwest Panay Peninsula Natural Park, and more survey effort is needed to identify other critical Negros Bleeding-heart populations, around which deforestation and hunting ban enforcement is strongly recommended.
Electron Dropout Events and Flux Enhancements Associated With Geomagnetic Storms Observed by PROBA‐V/Energetic Particle Telescope From 2013 to 2019
Authors: Pierrard V. , Botek E. , Ripoll J.‐F. , Cunningham G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractElectron flux variations for E > 500 keV during geomagnetic storms are investigated using the Energetic Particle Telescope (EPT). This detector launched in May 2013 on board the satellite PROBA‐V at an altitude of 820 km was designed to provide uncontaminated spectra of electrons, protons, and alpha particles. Electron flux dropout events are observed during the main phase of each storm and even during substorms: a rapid reduction of the electron flux is noted throughout the outer electron radiation belt at all energies above about 0.5 MeV on timescales of a few hours. The electron spectrograms measured by the EPT between 2013 and 2019 show that after each geomagnetic storm, dropout events are followed by a flux enhancement starting first at low L values, and reaching the slot or even the inner belt for the strongest storms. We determine the link between Disturbed Storm Time (Dst) and the minimum value of the L‐shell where the dropouts deplete the outer belt, as well as the nonlinear relation between Dst and the minimum L‐shell where the flux penetrates in the slot region or even the inner belt during the storms. Dropouts appear at all energies measured by EPT and penetrate down to L∼3.5 for the strongest events. Dropouts are observed at Low Earth Orbit each time Dst has an inverted peak < −40 nT. Flux enhancements appear at lower L only for big storm events with Dst < −50 nT. They penetrate down to an impenetrable barrier with a minimum L‐shell related to Dst and to the energy. For E > 1 MeV, this limit is also linked to the plasmapause position.
miR-10a as a therapeutic target and predictive biomarker for MDM2 inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Vu Thi Thanh , Stölzel Friedrich , Wang Kristy W. , Röllig Christoph , Tursky Melinda L. , Molloy Timothy J. , Ma David D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPharmacological inhibition of MDM2/4, which activates the critical tumor suppressor p53, has been gaining increasing interest as a strategy for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While clinical trials of MDM2 inhibitors have shown promise, responses have been confined to largely molecularly undefined patients, indicating that new biomarkers and optimized treatment strategies are needed. We previously reported that the microRNA miR-10a is strongly overexpressed in some AML, and demonstrate here that it modulates several key members of the p53/Rb network, including p53 regulator MDM4, Rb regulator RB1CC1, p21 regulator TFAP2C, and p53 itself. The expression of both miR-10a and its downstream targets were strongly predictive of MDM2 inhibitor sensitivity in cell lines, primary AML specimens, and correlated to response in patients treated with both MDM2 inhibitors and cytarabine. Furthermore, miR-10a inhibition induced synergy between MDM2 inhibitor Nutlin-3a and cytarabine in both in vitro and in vivo AML models. Mechanistically this synergism primarily occurs via the p53-mediated activation of cytotoxic apoptosis at the expense of cytoprotective autophagy. Together these findings demonstrate that miR-10a may be useful as both a biomarker to identify patients most likely to respond to cytarabine+MDM2 inhibition and also a druggable target to increase their efficacy.
Characterization and generation of human definitive multipotent hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Zhu Yanling , Wang Tianyu , Gu Jiaming , Huang Ke , Zhang Tian , Zhang Zhishuai , Liu He , Tang Jun , Mai Yuchan , Zhang Yanqi , Li Yuhang , Feng Yashu , Kang Baoqiang , Li Jinbing , Shan Yongli , Chen Qianyu , Zhang Jian , Long Bing , Wang Junwei , Gao Minghui , Zhang Di , Zhou Min , Zhong Xiaofen , Chen Jiekai , Pei Duanqing , Nie Jinfu , Liu Bing , Pan Guangjin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDefinitive hematopoiesis generates hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) that give rise to all mature blood and immune cells, but remains poorly defined in human. Here, we resolve human hematopoietic populations at the earliest hematopoiesis stage by single-cell RNA-seq. We characterize the distinct molecular profiling between early primitive and definitive hematopoiesis in both human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation and early embryonic development. We identify CD44 to specifically discriminate definitive hematopoiesis and generate definitive HSPCs from hESCs. The multipotency of hESCs-derived HSPCs for various blood and immune cells is validated by single-cell clonal assay. Strikingly, these hESCs-derived HSPCs give rise to blood and lymphoid lineages in vivo. Lastly, we characterize gene-expression dynamics in definitive and primitive hematopoiesis and reveal an unreported role of ROCK-inhibition in enhancing human definitive hematopoiesis. Our study provides a prospect for understanding human early hematopoiesis and a firm basis for generating blood and immune cells for clinical purposes.