bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term safety, efficacy, and quality of life outcomes with adjunctive brivaracetam treatment at individualized doses in patients with epilepsy: An up to 11‐year, open‐label, follow‐up trial
Authors: O’Brien Terence J. , Borghs Simon , He Qin (Jane) , Schulz Anne‐Liv , Yates Stephen , Biton Victor 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate long‐term safety/tolerability of brivaracetam at individualized doses ≤200 mg/d (primary) and maintenance of efficacy over time (secondary) in adults with focal seizures or primary generalized seizures (PGS) enrolled in phase 3, open‐label, long‐term follow‐up trial N01199 (NCT00150800).MethodsPatients ≥16 years of age who had completed double‐blind, placebo‐controlled adjunctive brivaracetam trials NCT00175825, NCT00490035, NCT00464269, or NCT00504881 were eligible. Outcomes included safety, efficacy, and quality of life.ResultsThe safety set included 667 patients (focal seizures, 97.8%; PGS, 2.2%); the efficacy set included 648 patients with focal seizures and 15 patients with PGS. Overall, 49.2% of patients had ≥48 months of exposure. Treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 91.2% of all patients (91.3% of focal seizures group), brivaracetam discontinuation due to TEAEs in 14.8%, drug‐related TEAEs in 56.7%, and serious TEAEs in 22.8%. The most common TEAEs in the focal seizures group (≥15%) were headache (25.3%) and dizziness (21.9%). Mean changes from baseline in Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores at last value during 2‐year evaluation were −0.7 (standard deviation [SD] = 4.3) and −0.2 (SD = 4.4) overall. In the focal seizures group, median reduction from baseline in focal seizure frequency/28 days was 57.3%, 50% responder rate was 55.6%, and 6‐month and 12‐month seizure freedom rates were 30.3% and 20.3%, respectively. Efficacy outcomes improved by exposure duration cohort and then stabilized through the 108‐month cohort. Mean improvement from baseline in Patient‐Weighted Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory total score (efficacy set) was 5.7 (SD = 16.1, Cohen's d = 0.35) at month 12 and 6.5 (SD = 18.0, Cohen's d = 0.36) at month 24.SignificanceAdjunctive brivaracetam was well tolerated, with a good safety profile in long‐term use in adults with epilepsy at individualized doses. Approximately half of the patients remained in the trial at 4 years. Brivaracetam reduced focal seizure frequency versus baseline. Efficacy improved with increasing exposure duration and remained stable through the 9‐year cohort.
Behavioral Observation and Analysis of Participants in Foster Care Visits
Authors: Salas María D. , Bernedo Isabel M. , García‐Martín Miguel A. , Fuentes María J. 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveTo identify situations and behaviors occurring during contact visits that are likely to have an impact on a foster child's well‐being.BackgroundIt has been argued that contact visits between foster children and birth parents can help to maintain attachment bonds and support the child's development. However, contact continues to be a subject of controversy, and evidence of both benefits and drawbacks has been reported in the literature. Few studies have examined what actually occurs during such visits, how parents and children interact, and what role is played by those involved.MethodWe conducted an in‐depth qualitative observational analysis of the behavior of participants in contact visits (birth parent, child, and social worker), as well as of the characteristics of the venue. Participants were 20 children in nonkinship foster care and their birth parents. Information regarding the characteristics of visits was provided by the child protection services and the fostering agencies involved.ResultsThe analysis revealed a large number of positive behaviors among parents, children, and social workers, but also the need for improvement in several areas (e.g., family relationships, social/communication skills, and presents).ConclusionsThis study highlights the need to improve contact visits by developing intervention strategies targeting all those involved. Notably, the support and supervision provided by social workers was not always adequate.ImplicationsThe results of this study could be used to develop an instrument for assessing the quality of contact visits and identifying aspects that need to be improved.
A Flux Detection Probe to Quantify Dynamic Groundwater‐Surface Water Exchange in the Hyporheic Zone
Authors: Thomle Jonathan , Strickland Chris , Johnson Tim C. , Zhu Yue , Stegen James 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA new probe was designed to quantify groundwater‐surface water exchange in the hyporheic zone under dynamic stage condition. Current methods focus on either vertical pore water velocity or Darcy flux measurements. Both parameters must be understood to evaluate residence time and mass flux of constituents. Furthermore, most instruments are not well suited for monitoring instantaneous velocity or flux under dynamic exchange conditions. For this reason, the flux detection probe (FDP) was designed that employs electrogeophysical measurements to estimate in situ sediment porosity, which can be used to convert pore water velocity to Darcy flux. Dynamic pore water velocity is obtained by monitoring fluid conductivity and temperature along the FDP probe. Pressure sensors deployed at the top and bottom of the probe provide the additional information necessary to estimate vertical permeability. This study focuses on the use of a geophysical method to estimate pore water velocity, porosity, and permeability within a controlled soil column where simulated river water displaces simulated groundwater. The difference between probe derived and theoretical pore water velocity using natural tracers such as electrical conductivity and temperature was −4.9 and 3.9% for downward flow and 1.1 and 12.8% for upward flow, respectively. The difference in porosity calculated from mass and volume packed in the soil column and probe measure porosity ranged between −3.2% and 1.5%. Also, the calculated hydraulic conductivity differed from probe derived values by −8.9%.
A comparative study of fibrinogen measurement using TEG® functional fibrinogen and Clauss in adolescents undergoing scoliosis surgery
Authors: Chen Weiyun , Hu Ai , Chen Qian , Zhang Yuelun , Yu Xuerong , Huang Yuguang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionThromboelastography (TEG®) functional fibrinogen (FF) test is a point‐of‐care test for fibrinogen measurement and is preferred for its rapid turnaround time. This study was designed to compare TEG® functional fibrinogen level (FLEV) with classic Clauss fibrinogen in patients undergoing scoliosis surgery and to evaluate the concordance between the two methods.MethodsPatients in this study were part of a larger study evaluating the effect of fibrinogen concentrate (FC) supplementation on perioperative blood loss in scoliosis surgery. Paired samples for TEG® FF and Clauss fibrinogen assays were taken from 40 patients at three different timepoints perioperatively. The agreement between FLEV and Clauss was assessed, and the possibility of using FLEV measurements to predict Clauss fibrinogen was explored.ResultsOne hundred and seventeen paired samples from 39 patients were finally analyzed. Pearson correlation test confirmed positive linear correlations between FLEV and Clauss at all three timepoints (r = .70, .67, and .66 at baseline, before FC administration, and after FC administration, respectively; P < .001 for all) and together for all measures (r = .76, P < .001), while Bland‐Altman plots showed FLEV significantly overestimated Clauss constantly. Optimum diagnostic values of FLEV at 4.27 and 3.77 g/L were generated to predict normal fibrinogen as Clauss ≥ 3.0 g/L (AUROC 0.941, 95% CI: 0.891‐0.991) and critical intraoperative hypofibrinogenemia as Clauss ≤ 2.0g/L (AUROC 0.894, 95% CI: 0.838‐0.950), respectively.ConclusionsIn adolescents undergoing scoliosis surgery, FLEV correlated linearly with Clauss fibrinogen. Though FLEV overestimates Clauss constantly, FLEV values are able to predict hypofibrinogenemia and normal fibrinogen with both AUROC > 0.85.
Unveiling theCanvas Ceiling: A Multidisciplinary Literature Review of Refugee Employment and Workforce Integration
Authors: Lee Eun Su , Szkudlarek Betina , Nguyen Duc Cuong , Nardon Luciara 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIncreasing levels of displacement and the need to integrate refugees in the workforce pose new challenges to organizations and societies. Extant research on refugee employment and workforce integration currently resides across various disconnected disciplines, posing a significant challenge for management scholars to contribute to timely and relevant solutions. In this paper, we endeavour to address this challenge by reviewing and synthesizing multidisciplinary literature on refugee employment and workforce integration. Using a relational framework, we organize our findings around three levels of analysis – institutional, organizational and individual – to outline the complexity of factors affecting refugees’ employment outcomes. Based on our analysis, we introduce and elaborate on the phenomenon of thecanvas ceiling‒ a systemic, multilevel barrier to refugee workforce integration and professional advancement. The primary contributions of this paper are twofold. First, we map and integrate the multidisciplinary findings on the challenges of refugee workforce integration. Second, we provide management scholarship with a future research agenda to address the knowledge gap identified in this review and advance practical developments in this domain.
ISO 45001 and controversial transnational private regulation for occupational health and safety
Authors: HERAS‐SAIZARBITORIA Iñaki , BOIRAL Olivier , IBARLOZA Ander 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article analyses the genesis of the ISO 45001 standard on occupational health and safety, a new initiative of transnational private regulation. The authors draw a picture of controversy from interviews with stakeholders involved in its design, approval and initial dissemination, and from a qualitative content analysis of the internal documentation of the committee responsible for its approval. Like its predecessors relating to environmental management – ISO 14001 – and corporate social responsibility – ISO 26000 – this new standard raises serious concerns among stakeholders given that it deals with substantive political, social and legal issues.
El trabajo y las normas internacionales de contabilidad. Una cuestión de justicia social
Authors: JUBÉ Samuel 
Published: March 2020

ResumenComo garante internacional de la justicia social, la OIT se enfrenta a una revolución contable que ha culminado con la formulación de las Normas Internacionales de Contabilidad (NIC‐NIIF). Antiguamente, la contabilidad medía la economía en relación con las capacidades y responsabilidades de los trabajadores y de sus empleadores. Hoy las NIC‐NIIF han perdido el sentido de la medida del trabajo y de la empresa al tomar esta como una entidad cibernética capaz de reorganizarse indefinidamente a costa de infinitas desigualdades. El autor señala las incoherencias de este modelo y demuestra la necesidad de restituir el valor contable del trabajo.
A comparison of latitudinal species diversity patterns between riverine and terrestrial earthworms from the North American temperate zone
Authors: Ikeda Hiroshi , Callaham Mac A. , Shefferson Richard P. , Wenk Evelyn S. , Fragoso Carlos 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimLatitudinal clines of species diversity are widely documented in terrestrial and marine ecosystems. However, the processes governing species diversity gradients in riverine ecosystems have not been well‐studied. We addressed this issue by comparing species diversity between riverine aquatic and terrestrial earthworm groups (genus Sparganophilus and Diplocardia, respectively).LocationNorth American temperate zone.TaxonSparganophilus and Diplocardia.MethodsWe collected 556 Sparganophilus earthworms from 64 sites spanning 27 degrees of latitude (18.77°–45.90°N), and 165 Diplocardia earthworms from 23 sites (21 degrees, 19.77°–41.20°N). We split potential species from the phylogenetic trees based on four genes and compared the latitudinal pattern of species diversity between these two groups.ResultsWe estimated the number of potential species to be 10 for Sparganophilus and 8 for Diplocardia, respectively, from 526 haplotypes (403 in Sparganophilus and 123 in Diplocardia). Sparganophilus species diversity was higher at mid‐latitudes (32° to 40°) due to a preponderance of species with limited geographical distributions, whereas all specimens collected north of 40° belonged to broadly distributed species. Species with limited geographical distributions were more often collected at higher elevations than broadly distributed species in Sparganophilus. For Diplocardia, species diversity was higher at lower latitudes (28° to 32°).Main ConclusionsThese results suggest that, in Sparganophilus, species composition at higher latitudes above 40° is derived from range expansion by broadly distributed species from lower latitudes. The high elevation area in the native distribution range of Sparganophilus is limited to the Appalachian Mountains, which ranges above 33° in latitude. The high species diversity of Sparganophilus with limited distributions at mid‐latitude (32°–40°) suggests that the headwater regions at the Appalachian Mountains are sites for more frequent speciation.
Modelling species distributions in dynamic landscapes: The importance of the temporal dimension
Authors: Andrew Margaret E. , Fox Elizabeth 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimTemporal variation in environmental conditions merits greater consideration in species distribution models (SDMs), and is especially relevant in dynamic systems, such as arid and semi‐arid environments, where precipitation and resource pulses are unpredictable in space and time. Species responses to this spatio‐temporal variation include tracking resource availability with nomadic life histories or reliance on refugia that provide stable, high‐quality habitat. This study evaluated whether inclusion of temporal variables representing short‐ and long‐term environmental variation improves SDMs.LocationGreat Western Woodlands, Western Australia.TaxonBirds.MethodsTemporal information was added to SDMs of 36 bird species with two types of environmental predictor variables: (a) time‐specific estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP) and precipitation paired to survey dates; and (b) estimates of the temporal stability of GPP over the MODIS archive, providing an index of the degree to which sites might function as habitat refugia from disturbance and drought. Predictions were compared with those from SDMs using static variables from single time points.ResultsModel predictions revealed considerable temporal variation in species distributions and various spatio‐temporal responses to environmental variation. Temporal variables modestly improved model performance overall, but results were species‐specific. Time‐specific environmental variables were most important to models of nomadic and nectivorous species, which experienced the greatest improvements in model performance when including temporal variables, and showed the greatest disagreement between temporal and static model predictions, and the predictions of temporal models applied to different time points. Long‐term environmental variation was relevant across species groups, though the chosen measure of variability differed between species.Main ConclusionsTemporal variation influences species distributions and may need to be explicitly included in SDMs. However, the nature and degree of species' responses to environmental dynamics depends on species movement behaviours; appropriate selection of temporal variables for SDMs requires ecological understanding of the species of interest. Results of spatio‐temporal SDMs can identify the extent to which landscape management must account for temporal variability to achieve conservation goals.
Self‐reported physical and psychological symptoms among victims and perpetrators of bullying in Arab American Adolescents
Authors: Albdour Maha , Hong Jun Sung , Zilioli Samuele , Lumley Mark A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProblemThe adverse effects of bullying victimization among adolescents have been examined extensively. However, few studies have examined how bullying perpetration affects health. Moreover, ethnic or religious minorities are particularly at risk for bullying involvement, but little is known about bullying among Arab Americans. The purpose of this study is to examine how bullying perpetration and victimization are related—independently and concurrently—to physical and psychological problems among Arab American adolescents.MethodArab American adolescents (N = 150), ages 12–16, were recruited from a community center and a mosque located in Southeast Michigan. Participants completed the Adolescent Peer Relations Instrument, the Children's Somatization Inventory, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale.FindingsBoth bullying perpetration and victimization correlated positively with physical and psychological symptoms. Hierarchical regressions indicated that both perpetration and victimization simultaneously and significantly predicted physical and psychological symptoms, and these relationships were independent of the demographic factors and general life stress.ConclusionsBullying perpetration and victimization are associated with adverse health outcomes in Arab American adolescents, independent of life stress. These findings are among the first ones in this population and pave the way for future research and intervention programs.
RETRACTED: Circular RNA circFBXO11 modulates hepatocellular carcinoma progress and oxaliplatin resistance through miR‐605/FOXO3/ABCB1 axis
Authors: Li Jin , Qin Xiaoping , Wu Ruishan , Wan Li , Zhang Liang , Liu Rui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIncreasing findings suggest the critical role of circular RNA (circRNA) in human cancer, and chemotherapy resistance is a poor prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The function of circRNA in the HCC oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that circRNA circFBXO11 was significantly up‐regulated in HCC tissues, and the circFBXO11 overexpression was associated with poor prognosis. CircFBXO11 was found to promote the HCC proliferation, cycle progress and OXA resistance. Mechanistically, circFBXO11 was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm and harboured the miR‐605, thereby targeting FOXO3 protein. Furthermore, FOXO3 targeted the promoter region of ABCB1 to accelerate its expression. In conclusion, this research reveals the role of circFBXO11/miR‐605/FOXO3/ABCB1 axis in the HCC OXA resistance, providing new insight for circRNA‐based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Social communication deficits following early‐life deprivation and relation to psychopathology: a randomized clinical trial of foster care
Authors: Wade Mark , Zeanah Charles H. , Fox Nathan A. , Nelson Charles A. 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundChildren reared in institutions experience profound deprivation that is linked to impairments in social communication (SC). However, little is known about the long‐term consequences of institutional rearing on SC through adolescence, and how SC deficits relate to broad‐spectrum psychopathology. It is also unclear whether early removal from deprivation and placement into socially enriched environments remediates these difficulties.MethodsChildren reared in Romanian institutions from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project were randomly assigned to care as usual or foster care intervention in early childhood. An age‐ and sex‐matched group of never‐institutionalized children was also recruited. SC data from 208 children at age 8 and 129 children at 16 were collected using the Social Communication Questionnaire. Psychopathology was assessed as saved factor scores for general (P) and specific internalizing (INT) and externalizing (EXT) problems. We examined (a) whether institutional rearing is associated with continued SC deficits into adolescence; (b) whether early placement into foster care mitigates risk for SC problems; and (c) associations between SC and psychopathology from middle childhood (age 8) to adolescence (age 16).ResultsFindings suggest that: (a) institutionally‐reared children have significantly more SC problems than never‐institutionalized children at age 16; (b) children placed into foster care early in life have fewer problems with reciprocal social interaction compared to those with prolonged institutional rearing; and (c) deficits in SC at age 8 partially account for the link between institutional rearing and general psychopathology at age 16.ConclusionsEarly deprivation is associated with impairments in SC that persist into adolescence, with evidence for the remedial benefit of family‐based care in the domain of reciprocal social interaction. Moreover, deficits in SC among ever‐institutionalized children in middle childhood may increase the risk of broad‐spectrum psychopathology in adolescence, thus providing one putative target for early intervention to safeguard against later psychiatric problems.
Competitive interactions between entomopathogenic nematodes and parasitoid venom
Authors: Shaik Haq Abdul , Mishra Archana , Hussein Hany M. , Skoková Habuštová Oxana , Sehnal František 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEntomopathogenic nematodes and parasitoid larvae of some wasps play important roles in the natural control of the pest insects. However, it has not been excluded that competition between nematodes and wasps may in some cases reduce their efficacy in the pest control. Using caterpillars of Spodoptera littoralis, we examined interactions between the nematode Steinernema carpocapsae and the venom of the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor. The survival of S. littoralis caterpillars was reduced in a dose‐dependent manner when 5 to 500 nematodes or 0.005–0.1 venom units were applied to single caterpillars. High doses of either nematodes or the venom caused death within 1–3 days in all treated hosts. The low doses of nematodes killed caterpillars within a week, in some cases when they attempted to pupate. Caterpillars receiving low venom doses were characterized by extended survival time terminated with death due to starvation. Combined treatment of nematodes and the venom were mutually synergistic and elicited severe lethal effects. The nematodes were fully resistant to the venom and can feed and grow on the symbiotic bacteria in vitro. The venom impairs food processing and causes death of caterpillars due to starvation. Disruption of the hormonal regulation of metamorphosis by ecdysteroids and juvenile hormone could be responsible for defective moults block at different stages of the moulting process, regionally restricted moulting, moults to “intermediates” combining regions of newly secreted larval and pupal cuticles.
Six new non‐native ants (Formicidae) in the Canary Islands and their possible impacts
Authors: Hernández‐Teixidor David , Pérez‐Delgado Antonio José , Suárez Daniel , Reyes‐López Joaquin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBiological invasions are one of the main causes of biodiversity loss, especially on oceanic islands. Ants are among the most damaging pests in the world. After systematic sampling of more than 1,000 localities in the Canary Islands, six new exotic ant species are reported for the first time: Pheidole bilimeki (Myrmicinae), Pheidole navigans (Myrmicinae), Strumigenys membranifera (Myrmicinae), Brachymyrmex cordemoyi (Formicinae), Tapinoma darioi (Dolichoderinae) and Technomyrmex pallipes (Dolichoderinae). Moreover, another two recently reported species have been genetically confirmed. Morphological and genetic data were analysed to confirm the identity of the new records. For each species, information regarding identification, distribution, global invasive records and possible impacts is given. The arrival of these species may endanger local biodiversity.