bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Standardization vs. Individualization in the Pylian Painted Argonaut
Authors: Egan Emily Catherine 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In 2015, Hariclia Brecoulaki and I published an article examining the emblematic use of the argonaut motif in wall paintings from the so-called Palace of Nestor at Pylos. This study serves as a brief follow-up to that investigation, and offers some preliminary thoughts on the opposing forces of standardization and individualization manifest in the motif's depictions. Through close investigation of the marine creature's anatomy as rendered across different band friezes at the palace, it is demonstrated that while the design of certain body parts was “fixed,” that of others was “flexible,” resulting in repetitive compositions that were, in fact, subtly nuanced. Based on this evidence, some preliminary practical and intellectual explanations for this perceived “artistic freedom” enjoyed by the Pylian painters are presented, as are thoughts about composition in Mycenaean art at large.
Dedicated Education Unit: Improving graduating nursing students’ preparedness for practice
Authors: Vargas Persephone , Dimino Kimberly , Mullen Spencer 
Published: October 2020

Background and Objective: Majority of new graduate nurses are not adequately prepared to assume the dynamic and complex role of today’s professional nurse. The Dedicated Education Unit (DEU) is a clinical teaching model developed in response to the limitations of traditional clinical model (TCM). The aim of the study is to examine the readiness for practice and level of confidence in clinical decision making among graduating nursing students in the DEU and compare it with the students in the TCM.Methods: A pre-test/post-test design was used. The Casey-Fink Readiness for Practice was utilized in the pre and post-test surveys and the Nursing Anxiety and Self-Confidence in Clinical Decision-Making was used in the post test. Data were analyzed in aggregate and pre-test scores were compared to post-test scores at the cohort level using t-test.Results: The pre-test results showed no significant difference between the DEU and TCM groups. However, the post-test results showed higher levels of readiness for practice and higher self-confidence and lower anxiety in clinical decision making among the DEU students.Conclusions: The study provides evidence on the impact of the DEU in providing graduating nursing students with high quality clinical education to better prepare them for practice.
La regulación de las paradas policiales: una comparativa internacional
Authors: López-Riba José María 
Published: October 2020

Las paradas policiales son una línea de investigación jurídica y criminológica destacada en muchos países, sobre todo anglosajones, y cada vez más relevante en otros, como en general los países europeos y, en concreto, España. Sin embargo, existe poca literatura comparando la regulación de las mismas. Con la intención de contribuir en este aspecto, el presente artículo describe los dos principales modelos de regulación internacionales de las paradas policiales: el modelo anglosajón de Stop and Search o Stop and Frisk, presente en países como Reino Unido, y el modelo europeo continental de control de identidad, presente en países europeos como Francia y también en países latinoamericanos como Chile. Respecto a este último modelo se hará un análisis más detallado para el caso español. Pese a las diferencias entre modelos de regulación se puede observar que comparten una serie de características que en ambos casos dificultan el control legal efectivo de las paradas policiales. Por último, a modo de conclusión, se expondrán las principales similitudes y diferencias entre los dos modelos.
Representación de la historia de España por medio de la filatelia. Estudio de los sellos diseñados por Gallego y Rey
Authors: Vázquez-Miraz Pedro 
Published: October 2020

Se presenta un análisis pormenorizado de todos los sellos postales españoles elaborados por los humoristas gráficos Gallego y Rey, los cuales pretendieron reflejar la historia española. Este peculiar tipo de producto filatélico, basado en la combinación de hechos históricos y caricaturas, tuvo como objetivo inicial el de fomentar la correspondencia entre los jóvenes lográndose formar un conjunto que exhibe una visión de toda la historia española. Por medio de una revisión de toda la serie de sellos titulada “Historia de España” (2000-2017) se estudió todo el contenido de estos elementos comunicativos y pedagógicos. Los resultados más relevantes nos permitieron determinar que los autores presentaron ciertos sesgos ideológicos, concluyendo que este material filatélico transmitió una serie de valores que ensalzaban hechos históricos ligados al nacionalismo español.
The research presents a detailed analysis of all Spanish postage stamps created by the humorists Gallego and Rey, which intended to reflect the Spanish history. This peculiar kind of philatelic product, based on the combination of historical facts and caricatures, had as initial objective to encourage mailing among young people resulting in an exhibition of a sole vision of the Spanish history. Through a review of the entire series of stamps entitled “History of Spain” (2000-2017) all the content of these communicative and pedagogical elements was studied. The most relevant results of this study allowed us to determine that the authors presented some ideological bias, concluding that this philatelic material transmitted a series of values that highlighted historical events linked to Spanish nationalism.
¿Qué aporta el género a la formación de docentes de historia? La valoración de la perspectiva de género entre los estudiantes del Máster de Profesor/Profesora en Educación Secundaria
Authors: Rausell Guillot Helena 
Published: October 2020

Nuestro artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sobre género e historia enseñada diseñada e implementada mediante cuestionarios en el Master de Formación de Profesor/Profesora de Enseñanza Secundaria de la Universidad de Valencia (especialidad de Geografía e Historia, cursos 2016-2017 y 2017-2018). Hemos tratado de determinar tanto la formación previa en género de los y las participantes como la valoración que les merecen las aportaciones realizadas por la perspectiva de género a la enseñanza de la historia y su investigación. Los cuestionarios han sido completados por una muestra de 70 estudiantes. Se trata de un estudio colectivo de casos en cuyo análisis hemos considerado como variables tanto la formación previa como el género de los entrevistados.
This article assesses trainee teachers’ appraisal of women history and socially relevant subjects as gender. The aim is to evaluate how participants value gender into teaching and learning processes and in regard to history teaching and research. Thus, discourse and statements related to gender have been analysed and categorized by means of initial surveys. The sample consists of 70 students from the Master’s degree in Secondary Education Teaching (University of Valencia, years 2016-2017 and 2017-2018, majoring in Geography and History). Results have been discussed according to the previous gender training and they also take into account gender bias.
Educar para una ciudadanía crítica: una investigación a partir de los usos y finalidades de la historia escolar
Authors: Banderas Navarro Néstor 
Published: October 2020

En esta investigación se examinan los usos y finalidades de la historia en un instituto en relación a la formación ciudadana. El saber histórico tiene gran potencial crítico y permite adquirir criterios para actuar democráticamente. Se emplearán entrevistas semiestructuradas a dos docentes y cuestionarios y narrativas a su alumnado de 1.º y 4.º ESO. La investigación constata un posicionamiento docente híbrido, encontrando rasgos de modelos tradicionales en la enseñanza (el escaso tratamiento de temas controversiales), y críticos, como la creencia en el potencial transformador de la materia. En el alumnado se observarán posiciones objetivistas acerca del pasado, que conviven con ejemplos de mayor capacidad de agencia ante cuestiones actuales. La profundización en estrategias didácticas que aborden la educación política desde la historia redundará en la adquisición de habilidades y actitudes para vivir en democracia.
This research examines the uses and purposes of history in a high school in relation to citizen training. Historical knowledge has great criticism potential and allows acquiring criteria to act democratically. Semi-structured interviews with two teachers and questionnaires and narratives will be used for students in 1st and 4th ESO. The research shows a hybrid teaching position, finding traits of traditional models in teaching (the scarce treatment of controversial topics), and critics, such as the belief in the transformative potential of the subject. In the students, objectivist positions about the past will be observed, which coexist with examples of greater agency capacity in the face of current issues. The deepening of didactic strategies that address political education from History will result in the acquisition of skills and attitudes to live in democracy.
Digitale ferdigheiter som ferdigrett eller råvare?
Authors: Høibo Ingrid Holmboe , Lerpold Morten Henrik 
Published: October 2020

I det digitaliserte samfunnet i dag skjer ei betydeleg endring i læringa sine materielle føresetnader, frå konkrete og analoge læringsmiljø til digitale og virtuelle. Parallelt med den massive digitale satsinga i nordiske utdanningssystem har det vekse fram ei global rørsle kalla the maker movement. Denne artikkelen undersøker korleis rørsla kan bidra til ei breiare og fleirfasettert tilnærming til digital kompetanse i Kunst og handverk (KogH), enn den skjerm­tunge praksisen som til no har dominert. Gjennom studie av læreplanar, læringsteoriar, eigen praksis i feltet, praktiske døme og den stadig veksande ‘makerrørsla’, vert det undersøkt om utdanningssystemet i større grad burde støtte seg til den faglege og forskingsmessige kunn­skapen om kropp og materialet si rolle i barn si læring når viktige avgjersler om skuleutvikling og digitalisering av KogH-faget skal takast.
Nøkkelord: Digitale ferdigheiter, handverk, kroppsleg erkjenning, maker movement, demokrati.
The Infestation of Cockroach and Their Perceived Importance in Yalanguruza and Nassarawo Communities, Gombe, Nigeria
Authors: Abba Ezra , Ibrahim Abubakar Jibrin , Yoriyo Kennedy Poloma , Emmanuel Blessing Chinwendu 
Published: October 2020

Aims: Poor sanitation is strongly associated with an increased cockroach infestation. In line with this, the study was carried out to ascertain and quantify the level of cockroach infestation and their perceived importance in Yalanguruza and Nassarawo communities.
Study Design: Each community was sectioned into four longitudinal zones and 50 houses were randomly selected from each zone for the collection of samples and administration of questionnaires.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out between May and August 2018. Samples were collected in Yalanguruza and Nassarawo communities of Gombe and identified in the Department of Biological Sciences, Gombe State University.
Methodology: A total of 409 cockroaches were collected from different sources in residential homes, 208 in Yalanguruza and 201 in Nassarawo using Hercules mouse glue board with pieces of Cray-fish as baits and were preserved and identified to their respective species. Structured questionnaires were used to obtain the perception of the respondents in the communities about cockroaches. A total of 200 questionnaires were administered in each of the communities.
Results: Up to 78% of the respondents had low knowledge of cockroach infestation and 66% attributed infestation to poor sanitation. The most-reported perception of cockroaches habitation in homes was toilets (66.5%) while the majority (57%) of the respondents knew that cockroaches can be vectors of diseases. 68.5% of the respondents used insecticides in controlling cockroaches. Food items compared to other items showed to be the most commonly affected by the cockroaches with 48% of the respondent attesting that. Cockroach species identified from the two communities were Periplaneta americana with the highest frequency value of 196(47.9%), Blattela germanica 94(23.0%), Supella longipalpa 67(16.4%), Blatta orientalis 38(9.3%) and Arinevaga floredensis 14(3.4%). The highest numbers of cockroaches were obtained from Yalanguruza, 208(50.9). Out of the 409 cockroaches collected, 314(76.8%) were from toilets, 30(7.35%) from bedrooms and 65(15.80%) from kitchens.
Conclusion: High infestation of cockroaches in the study communities was observed and there are poor knowledge and perception of cockroaches in the communities; hence there is a need to sensitize the people in the communities on the potential public health impact of cockroaches.
Study on the polarization to megacity regions and the urban divide: Focusing on the case of Nishinari Ward, Osaka City, Japan
Authors: Kidokoro Tetsuo , Hsiao Hongwei , Fukuda Ryo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aimed at verifying a hypothesis regarding the polarization to megacity regions and the urban divide. In the first part, we examined the polarization to megacity regions in Japan focusing on concentration of wealth based on various economic statistics, as well as records of public investment. In the second part, we selected Osaka city as a case analysis for examining the urban divide inside a megacity region (based on a cluster analysis) and analyzed the current conditions of the urban divide in Osaka City. In the third part, we examined the diverse types of living in the Airin area, Nishinari Ward, Osaka City. Through analysis based on interview surveys conducted at local real estate companies, we discussed the mechanisms in housing provisions for realizing of diversity. Urban divides (in both social and spatial terms) are clearly observed in Osaka City. In particular, the Airin area of the Nishinari Ward in Osaka City is the area where daily construction workers are concentrated, and many of workers in this area are old and/or have lost jobs. Simultaneously, the Airin area functions as a place to nurture diversity, as a gateway to the city.
Mechanical Properties of Materials for Stem Cell Differentiation
Authors: Han Seong‐Beom , Kim Jeong‐Ki , Lee Geonhui , Kim Dong‐Hwee 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecent findings about cell fate change induced by physical stimuli have expedited the discovery of underlying regulatory mechanisms that determine stem cell differentiation. Progress with regards to micro‐/nanofabrication technology have led to the development of advanced materials that can mimic biophysical features of in vivo related circumstances of the human body. Since the cellular microenvironment directly defines cellular structure and function, diverse material properties including stiffness, topology, and surface chemistry are investigated to regulate multiple signaling cascades involved in stem cell differentiation for the development of innovative tools that can be widely utilized in various fields ranging from basic research to medical applications. This progress report addresses essential biophysical regulation and alteration of material properties applied to control stem cell differentiation. It also presents novel strategies to regulate stem cell differentiation based on relationships between recently discovered mechanotransduction pathways and cell differentiation signaling. A new perspective on stem cell physiology will further provide a framework of biomedical applications such as regenerative medicine and stem cell therapy.
Palladium Nanocrystals‐Engineered Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Tumor Inhibition by Synergistic Hydrogen/Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Chen Jiajie , Lin Shiyang , Zhao Doudou , Guan Lei , Hu Yaping , Wang Yitong , Lin Kaili , Zhu Yufang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHydrogen therapy, as a star therapeutic modality, has recently acquired much attention in the field of anticancer medicine. Evidence suggests that hydrogen can selectively reduce intratumoral overexpressed hydroxyl radicals (•OH) to break the redox homoeostasis and thereby result in redox stress and cell damage. As a reactive oxygen species‐related noninvasive modality, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been approved for varied tumor treatments clinically. For implementing tumor therapy with enhanced anticancer efficacy and attenuated side effects, here a biocompatible palladium nanocrystals‐integrated nanoscale porphyrinic metal–organic framework (NPMOF) is designed to develop a novel combined therapy modality, that is, synergistic hydrogen/photodynamic therapy. The NPMOF is employed simultaneously as the photosensitizer for PDT and as the nanocarrier to support palladium nanocrystals, which is further used as the hydrogen vehicle. The final hydrogen‐containing nanosystems exhibit a persistent reductive hydrogen release behavior and considerable light‐activated singlet oxygen (1O2) generation without mutual interference, contributing to the adequate disturbance of tumor microenvironment redox steady‐state for synergistically inducing tumor cell death. Ultimately, by coupling of tumor‐selective hydrogen therapy and PDT, the designed nanosystems realize the augmented therapeutic outcome with minimal side effects, providing a safe and efficient tumor treatment for future clinical translation.
A Multistage Cooperative Nanoplatform Enables Intracellular Co‐Delivery of Proteins and Chemotherapeutics for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhang Yu , Ding Xiaoya , Shen Wei , Li Mingqian , Wagner Ernst , Xiao Chunsheng , Chen Xuesi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCombining intracellularly active proteins with chemotherapeutics represents a promising strategy for synergistic cancer therapy. However, the lack of nanocarrier systems for delivery into cancer cells and controlled intracellular release of both physicochemically very distinct cargos significantly impedes the biomedical translation of this combination strategy in cancer therapy. Here, a well‐designed triblock copolymer, mPEG‐b‐PGCA‐b‐PGTA, is reported for application in a multistage cooperative drug delivery nanoplatform that accomplishes effective intracellular co‐delivery of hydrophilic ribonuclease A (RNase A) and hydrophobic doxorubicin (DOX). RNase A bioreversibly modified with phenylboronic acid groups via a ROS‐cleavable carbamate linker is incorporated into the triblock copolymer nanoparticles with high efficiency through a pH‐reversible phenylboronic acid–catechol linkage. The reversible covalent conjugations between RNase A and the triblock copolymer endow the nanoparticles with high stability under normal physiological conditions. Upon cellular internalization, the cooperative release of DOX and RNase A from the triblock copolymer nanoparticles is triggered at multiple stages by endosomal acidic environment and subsequent DOX‐enhanced intracellular ROS environment. This leads to enhanced synergistic anticancer effects as demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Given the versatility of dynamic covalent conjugations, this work provides a universal and stable platform for intracellular co‐delivery of various combinations of proteins and chemotherapeutics.
Deep Tissue Translocation of Graphene Oxide Sheets in Human Glioblastoma 3D Spheroids and an Orthotopic Xenograft Model
Authors: de Lázaro Irene , Sharp Paul , Gurcan Cansu , Ceylan Ahmet , Stylianou Maria , Kisby Thomas , Chen Yingxian , Vranic Sandra , Barr Katharine , Taheri Hadiseh , Ozen Asuman , Bussy Cyrill , Yilmazer Acelya , Kostarelos Kostas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIts anatomical localization, a highly heterogeneous and drug‐resistant tumor cell population and a “cold” immune microenvironment, all challenge the treatment of glioblastoma. Nanoscale drug delivery systems, including graphene oxide (GO) flakes, may circumvent some of these issues bypassing biological barriers, delivering multiple cargoes to impact several pathways simultaneously, or targeting the immune compartment. Here, the interactions of GO flakes with in vitro (U‐87 MG three‐dimensional spheroids, without stromal or immune compartments) and in vivo (U‐87 MG orthotopic xenograft) models of glioblastoma are investigated. In vitro, GO flakes translocated deeply into the spheroids with little internalization in tumor cells. In vivo, intracranially administered GO also show extensive distribution throughout the tumor and demonstrate no impact on tumor growth and progression for the duration of the study. Internalization within tumor cells is also scarce, with the majority of flakes preferentially taken up by microglia/macrophages. The results indicate that GO flakes could offer deep and homogenous distribution throughout glioblastoma tumors and a means to target their myeloid compartment. Further studies are warranted to investigate the mechanisms of GO flakes transport within the tumor mass and their capacity to deliver bioactive cargoes but, ultimately, this information could inform the development of immunotherapies against glioblastoma.
High‐Uniformity Threshold Switching HfO2‐Based Selectors with Patterned Ag Nanodots
Authors: Li Yujia , Tang Jianshi , Gao Bin , Sun Wen , Hua Qilin , Zhang Wenbin , Li Xinyi , Zhang Wanrong , Qian He , Wu Huaqiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHigh‐performance selector devices are essential for emerging nonvolatile memories to implement high‐density memory storage and large‐scale neuromorphic computing. Device uniformity is one of the key challenges which limit the practical applications of threshold switching selectors. Here, high‐uniformity threshold switching HfO2‐based selectors are fabricated by using e‐beam lithography to pattern controllable Ag nanodots (NDs) with high order and uniform size in the cross‐point region. The selectors exhibit excellent bidirectional threshold switching performance, including low leakage current (<1 pA), high on/off ratio (>108), high endurance (>108 cycles), and fast switching speed (≈75 ns). The patterned Ag NDs in the selector help control the number of Ag atoms diffusing into HfO2 and confine the positions to form reproducible filaments. According to the statistical analysis, the Ag NDs selectors show much smaller cycle‐to‐cycle and device‐to‐device variations (CV < 10%) compared to control samples with nonpatterned Ag thin film. Furthermore, when integrating the Ag NDs selector with resistive switching memory in one‐selector‐one‐resistor (1S1R) structure, the reduced selector variation helps significantly reduce the bit error rate in 1S1R crossbar array. The high‐uniformity Ag NDs selectors offer great potential in the fabrication of large‐scale 1S1R crossbar arrays for future memory and neuromorphic computing applications.