bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exercise and insulin‐like growth factor 1 supplementation improve angiogenesis and angiogenic cytokines in a rat model of diabetes‐induced neuropathy
Authors: Saboory Ehsan , Gholizadeh‐Ghaleh Aziz Shiva , Samadi Mahrokh , Biabanghard Abdolrahman , Chodari Leila 
Published: February 2020

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Do changes in levels of angiogenesis‐related mediators [vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A), thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB)] in the sciatic nerve mediate diabetic neuropathy in the streptozotocin‐induced type 1 diabetic male rat? Can exercise and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐I) treatment improve the diabetes‐related decrease in angiogenesis in sciatic nerve in these animals?

What is the main finding and its importance?
Levels of VEGF‐A, TSP‐1 and NF‐κB change in the sciatic nerve of diabetic rats and might mediate diabetic neuropathy. Treatment with IGF‐I and exercise could increase angiogenesis in the diabetic rats by increasing VEGF‐A and decreasing TSP‐1 and NF‐κB expression in the sciatic nerve.

AbstractDiabetic neuropathy is a severe complication of diabetes that affects 40–50% of diabetic people in the world. The aim of this study was to characterize alterations in angiogenesis and related molecular mediators in the sciatic nerve in diabetic conditions alone or in diabetes in combination with exercise and/or administration of insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐I). Forty male Wistar rats were assigned into one of five groups, namely control, diabetes, diabetes + exercise, diabetes + IGF‐I and diabetes + exercise + IGF‐I. Type 1 diabetes was induced by i.p. injection of streptozotocin (60 mg kg−1). After 30 days of treatment with exercise or IGF‐I alone or in combination, diabetic neuropathy was evaluated with a hotplate, glycated haemoglobin was measured, angiogenesis was determined by immunostaining for PECAM‐1/CD31, and expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor‐A (VEGF‐A), thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1) and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.After 4 weeks, the diabetes group showed a significant decrease in capillary density and VEGF‐A levels, but a significant increase in glycated haemoglobin in blood, TSP‐1 and NF‐κB levels in the sciatic nerve compared with the control group, and these effects were ameliorated by exercise and IGF‐I. However, simultaneous treatment of diabetic rats with IGF‐I and exercise did not have any synergistic effects. These findings indicate that diabetes‐induced neuropathy may be associated, in part, with decreased angiogenesis mediated by overproduction of TSP‐1 and NF‐κB, in addition to reduced production of VEGF‐A. The findings also showed that exercise and IGF‐I can reduce neuropathy, followed by increased angiogenesis, by changes in TSP‐1, NF‐κB and VEGF‐A production levels.
Closed-Form Solution of Inverse Kinematics for a Minimally Invasive Surgical Robot Slave Manipulator Similar to Da Vinci Robot System
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Cao Yuting , Wang Xiaohua , Yu Lingtao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Closed-form solution inverse kinematics has a unique advantage in robot control; it is quite difficult to be obtained through traditional methods as no effective analytic method has been identified so far, when the robot's joint configuration does not conform to the “Pieper Criterion.” In this paper, a new modeling method named extended Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) method was presented for solving this problem. And the conditions of robots' configuration that conform to the method have been given for different joints combinations. The precise closed-form solution to a minimally invasive surgical robot slave manipulator was obtained through this new method. The correctness of the new method was verified through simulation analyses; this study enriched robot kinematic modeling and the closed-form solution to inverse kinematics of Da Vinci surgical robot, and will help to obtain a fast, accurate, and general method of closed-form solution for the same kind of robots and provide the precondition for robot control and trajectory planning.
Early Return to Physical Activity After a Concussion: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: St Aubin Jessica , Volberding Jennifer , Duffy Jack 
Published: February 2020

Clinical Question: How does early return to physical activity impact return-to-play recovery time in patients 5–30 years old after an acute concussion as compared to the current best practice of resting? Clinical Bottom Line: Based on the information gathered, there is moderate evidence to support the incorporation of light to moderate physical activity within 7 days after a concussion in order to decrease recovery time and symptoms.
Community–clinic linkages: qualitative provider perspectives on partnering with community health representatives in Navajo Nation
Authors: Brown Christian , Lalla Amber , Curley Cameron , King Caroline , Muskett Olivia , Salt Shine , Ray Kathy , Begay Mae-Gilene , Nelson Adrianne Katrina , Shin Sonya 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo understand providers’ opinions about the Community Outreach and Patient Empowerment (COPE) Project designed to strengthen Navajo Community Health Representative (CHR) outreach to individuals living with diabetes.DesignThis was a qualitative study nested within a larger evaluation of a programme intervention.SettingThe study took place in Navajo Nation and evaluated a programme initiative designed to strengthen collaboration between CHRs and clinic-based healthcare providers and provide structured outreach to individuals living with diabetes in Navajo Nation. The CHR Programme is a formal community health worker programme that exists in most tribal healthcare systems across the USA.ParticipantsHealthcare providers involved in the programme took part in one-on-one interviews.AnalysisWe used thematic analysis for this study. A team of three study staff used open-coding to create a codebook. Coded material were summarised and patterns were identified and tied into a narrative using concept mapping. The study design and instrument construction were guided by a Community Health Advisory Panel.ResultsA total of 13 interviews were completed. Providers acknowledged CHRs as an asset to the clinical team and were enthusiastic about the COPE coaching materials, mentioning they provided a consistent message to CHRs and the community. Providers that led COPE trainings with CHRs valued the face-to-face time and opportunity to build relationships. Providers (n=4) supported CHRs’ access to electronic health record to record patient visits and streamline referrals. Among their requests were having designated personnel to manage referrals with CHRs and a formal system to record modules CHRs have completed.ConclusionProviders participating in COPE activities valued the work of CHRs and endorsed further strengthening relationships and communication with CHRs. Healthcare programmes should consider systems changes to integrate community health workers into clinic-based teams.Trial registration numberNCT03326206; Results.
Design thinking in medical ethics education
Authors: Marcus David , Simone Amanda , Block Lauren 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundDesign thinking (DT) is a tool for generating and exploring ideas from multiple stakeholders. We used DT principles to introduce students to the ethical implications of organ transplantation. Students applied DT principles to propose solutions to maximise social justice in liver transplant allocation.MethodsA 150 min interactive workshop was integrated into the longitudinal ethics curriculum. Following a group didactic on challenges of organ donation in the USA supplemented by patient stories, teams of students considered alternative solutions to optimise fairness of organ distribution and ethical implications of changing the current model. Facilitators led students through DT steps of empathy, defining the team’s point of view, ideating on potential solutions, prototyping a specific idea and testing the idea through oral presentation, with questions and answers by peers and faculty. The curriculum was evaluated with presurveys and postsurveys including quantitative and open-ended items.Results100 first year medical students participated. Before the session, 75.3% of students had no practical experience with DT. Following participation, students reported an increased understanding of the current liver transplant allocation system (p<0.01) and an increased appreciation of shortcomings of the current organ allocation system (p<0.01). After the session, 73.8% of students felt that DT could be used to approach complex health system problems.DiscussionStudents participating in a DT workshop displayed improved knowledge and attitudes toward organ transplantation and DT. In this pilot study, DT showed promise as a student-led approach emphasising collaboration and creativity in ethics curricula in medical education.
Presence of pathogenic bacteria in faeces from dogs fed raw meat‐based diets or dry kibble
Authors: Runesvärd Ellinor , Wikström Camilla , Fernström Lise‐Lotte , Hansson Ingrid 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundFeeding dogs with raw meat‐based diets (RMBD) has increased in popularity in recent years. Proponents claim that RMBD is more natural for dogs, because it is what their ancestors (wolves) eat. Opponents claim that RMBD is a health hazard to both humans and animals, with a risk of spreading zoonotic bacteria and resistant bacterial strains.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study investigated differences in bacteria shedding in faeces between dogs fed RMBD and dogs fed dry kibble. Faeces samples from 50 dogs from the same municipality were analysed for the presence of extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamases (ESBL)‐producing Escherichia coli, Campylobacter and Salmonella.ResultsFor the 25 dogs fed RMBD, ESBL E coli was isolated from 13 faeces samples, Campylobacter from 12 and Salmonella from 1. For the 25 dogs fed dry kibble, ESBL‐producing E coli was isolated from one faeces sample and Campylobacter from four, while Salmonella was not detected.ConclusionThere was thus a significant difference in excretion of zoonotic and resistant bacteria in faeces between dogs fed RMBD and dogs fed dry kibble. These results confirm that RMBD can pose a microbiological risk not only for dogs, but also for people handling RMBD and faeces from dogs.
A note on rigidity of spacelike self-shrinkers
Authors: Luo Yong , Qiu Hongbing 
Published: February 2020

By using the integral method, we prove a rigidity theorem for spacelike self-shrinkers in pseudo-Euclidean space under a minor growth condition in terms of the mean curvature and the second fundamental form, which generalizes Theorem 1.1 in [H. Q. Liu and Y. L. Xin, Some Results on Space-Like Self-Shrinkers, Acta Math. Sin. (Engl. Ser.) 32(1) (2016) 69–82].
Installing Islamic banking windows in conventional bank: Effects on performance
Authors: Chenguel Mohamed Bechir , Derbali Abdelkader , Jouiro Meriem 
Published: February 2020

Islamic finance products have become very common in financial transactions, and thus offer new business opportunities. The objective of our study was to investigate the effect of distributing Islamic banking products on the financial performance of commercial banks, over a period of seven years (2010–2017). We use a Correlation analysis to carry out the strength of the relationship between our dependent variable: bank performance variable: return on assets, and independent variables which are Islamic products. Studying the variables collected, we found evidence that there was a significant positive relationship between bank performance: return on asset and Murabaha, Mudaraba, although Ijara had a positive relationship with return on assets but not significant. We notice that all the available Islamic products in commercial banks used, had a positive significant relation with the exclusion of Ijara which had positive insignificant relationship. This implies that an increase in using Islamic banking products in commercial banks will lead to increase in conventional Banks performance.
Markov modulated jump-diffusions for currency options when regime switching risk is priced
Authors: Liu David 
Published: February 2020

In the current literature, regime-switching risk is NOT priced in the Markov-modulated jump-diffusion models for currency options. We therefore develop a hidden Markov-modulated jump-diffusion model under the regime-switching economy where the regime-switching risk is priced. In the model, the dynamics of the spot foreign exchange rate captures both the rare events and the time-inhomogeneity in the fluctuating currency market. In particular, the rare events are described by a compound Poisson process with log-normal jump amplitude, and the time-varying rates are formulated by a continuous-time finite-state Markov chain. Unlike previous research, the proposed model can price regime-switching risk, in addition to diffusion risk and jump risk, based on the Esscher transform conditional on a single initial regime of economy. Numerical experiments are conducted and their results reveal that the impact of pricing regime-switching risk on the currency option prices does not seem significant in contradictory to the findings made by Siu and Yang [Siu, TK and H Yang (2009). Option Pricing When The Regime-Switching Risk is priced. Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica, English Series, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 369–388].
Using Marketing Automation to Modernize Data Collection in the California Teachers Study Cohort
Authors: Savage Kristen E. , Benbow Jennifer L. , Duffy Christine , Spielfogel Emma S. , Chung Nadia T. , Wang Sophia S. , Martinez Maria Elena , Lacey James V. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
Like other cancer epidemiologic cohorts, the California Teachers Study (CTS) has experienced declining participation to follow-up questionnaires; neither the reasons for these declines nor the steps that could be taken to mitigate these trends are fully understood.

Methods:
The CTS offered their 6th study questionnaire (Q6) in the fall of 2017 using an integrated, online system. The team delivered a Web and mobile-adaptive questionnaire to 45,239 participants via e-mail using marketing automation technology. The study's integrated platform captured data on recruitment activities that may influence overall response, including the date and time invitations and reminders were e-mailed and the date and time questionnaires were started and submitted.

Results:
The overall response rate was 43%. Participants ages 65 to 69 were 25% more likely to participate than their younger counterparts (OR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.18–1.32) and nonwhite participants were 28% less likely to participate than non-Hispanic white cohort members (OR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.68–0.76). Previous questionnaire participation was strongly associated with response (OR = 6.07; 95% CI, 5.50–6.70). Invitations sent after 2 pm had the highest response (OR = 1.75; 95% CI, 1.65–1.84), as did invitations sent on Saturdays (OR = 1.48; 95% CI, 1.36–1.60).

Conclusions:
An integrated system that captures paradata about questionnaire recruitment and response can enable studies to quantify the engagement patterns and communication desires of cohort members.

Impact:
As cohorts continue to collect scientific data, it is imperative to collect and analyze information on how participants engage with the study.
See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, “Modernizing Population Science.”
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Short-Term Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Locoregional Treatment
Authors: Ainora Maria Elena , Iezzi Roberto , Ponziani Francesca Romana , Garcovich Matteo , Di Stasio Enrico , Riccardi Laura , Annicchiarico Brigida Eleonora , Abbate Valeria , De Gaetano Anna Maria , Siciliano Massimo , Grieco Antonio , Rapaccini Gian Lodovico , Gasbarrini Antonio , Pompili Maurizio , Zocco Maria Assunta 
Published: February 2020

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with second-generation contrast agents performed 1 month after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment is almost as sensitive as contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in depicting the residual tumor. However, the efficacy of CEUS performed early after the procedure is still debated. <b><i>Aim:</i></b> We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy (DA) of CEUS for the assessment of tumor response shortly after locoregional therapy in patients with unresectable HCC. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Ninety-four patients with 104 HCC lesions who were scheduled to receive percutaneous ethanol injection, radiofrequency ablation, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, or combined treatment were enrolled in this study. With CECT at 1-month as the reference standard, the DA of CEUS performed 48-h after the procedure was evaluated. Patients were followed-up to look for tumor or disease progression. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Based on CECT findings, 43/104 lesions were diagnosed as having residual viability after 1 month. CEUS performed 48 h after treatment detected residual tumor in 34/43 nodules with treatment failure at CECT with a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of 79.1, 96.7, 94.4, 86.8, and 89%, respectively. There was a high degree of concordance between CEUS and CECT (kappa coefficient = 0.78). A hyperemic halo was detectable in 35 lesions without a statistically significant difference between concordant and discordant cases. In patients with uninodular disease responders according to 48 h CEUS had a significantly longer mean overall survival and time to progression compared to nonresponders. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> CEUS performed 48 h after treatment can be considered a reliable modality for the evaluation of the real extent of necrosis and has prognostic value in the assessment of HCC.
The genus Cuernavaca (Hemiptera: Dictyopharidae), associated with Pontederiaceae in South America, with redescription and new records of C. inexacta (Walker)
Authors: Remes Lenicov Ana María Marino de , Hernádez María Cristina , Sosa Alejandro Joaquín , Oleiro Marina Inés 
Published: February 2020

The aim of this paper is to shed light on the boundaries of two sympatric species of Cuernavaca, C. inexacta and C. longula, to enable further ecological studies. Species in this genus are associated with water hyacinths in wetlands of Northeastern Argentina (Paraná-Paraguay waterway system) and the Peruvian Amazon. This work lists new host records for Cuernavaca, which include Pontederia crassipes, P. cordata, P. subovata and P. rotundifolia (Pontederiaceae). A redescription for C. inexacta with new diagnostic genitalic features is also provided, as well as an updated identification key and a distribution map. The genus is distributed throughout Central and South America, reaching north and central Argentina in its southernmost distribution.
Novel Long Noncoding RNA, Macrophage Inflammation-Suppressing Transcript (
MIST
), Regulates Macrophage Activation During Obesity
Authors: Stapleton Kenneth , Das Sadhan , Reddy Marpadga A. , Leung Amy , Amaram Vishnu , Lanting Linda , Chen Zhuo , Zhang Lingxiao , Palanivel Rengasamy , Deiuliis Jeffrey A. , Natarajan Rama 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
Systemic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome is a strong risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus and associated cardiovascular complications. This inflammatory state is caused by release of proinflammatory cytokines by macrophages, especially in adipose tissue. Long noncoding RNAs regulate macrophage activation and inflammatory gene networks, but their role in macrophage dysfunction during diet-induced obesity has been largely unexplored.

Approach and Results:

We sequenced total RNA from peritoneal macrophages isolated from mice fed either high-fat diet or standard diet and performed de novo transcriptome assembly to identify novel differentially expressed mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs. A top candidate long noncoding RNA, macrophage inflammation-suppressing transcript (
Mist
), was downregulated in both peritoneal macrophages and adipose tissue macrophages from high-fat diet–fed mice. GapmeR-mediated
Mist
knockdown in vitro and in vivo upregulated expression of genes associated with immune response and inflammation and increased modified LDL (low-density lipoprotein) uptake in macrophages. Conversely,
Mist
overexpression decreased basal and LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-induced expression of inflammatory response genes and decreased modified LDL uptake. RNA-pull down coupled with mass spectrometry showed that
Mist
interacts with PARP1 (poly [ADP]-ribose polymerase-1). Disruption of this RNA-protein interaction increased PARP1 recruitment and chromatin PARylation at promoters of inflammatory genes, resulting in increased gene expression. Furthermore, human orthologous
MIST
was also downregulated by proinflammatory stimuli, and its expression in human adipose tissue macrophages inversely correlated with obesity and insulin resistance.

Conclusions:

Mist
is a novel protective long noncoding RNA, and its loss during obesity contributes to metabolic dysfunction and proinflammatory phenotype of macrophages via epigenetic mechanisms.
Outcomes in Anomalous Aortic Origin of a Coronary Artery Following a Prospective Standardized Approach
Authors: Molossi Silvana , Agrawal Hitesh , Mery Carlos M. , Krishnamurthy Rajesh , Masand Prakash , Sexson Tejtel S. Kristen , Noel Cory V. , Qureshi Athar M. , Jadhav Siddharth P. , McKenzie E. Dean , Fraser Charles D. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (CA) is the second leading cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Management is controversial and longitudinal follow-up data are sparse. We aim to evaluate outcomes in a prospective study of anomalous aortic origin of CA patients following a standardized algorithm.

Methods:
Patients with anomalous aortic origin of a CA were followed prospectively from December 2012 to April 2017. All patients were evaluated following a standardized algorithm, and data were reviewed by a dedicated multidisciplinary team. Assessment of myocardial perfusion was performed using stress imaging. High-risk patients (high-risk anatomy—anomalous left CA from the opposite sinus, presence of intramurality, abnormal ostium—and symptoms or evidence of myocardial ischemia) were offered surgery or exercise restriction (if deemed high risk for surgical intervention). Univariate and multivariable analyses were used to determine predictors of high risk.

Results:
Of 201 patients evaluated, 163 met inclusion criteria: 116 anomalous right CA (71%), 25 anomalous left CA (15%), 17 single CA (10%), and 5 anomalous circumflex CA (3%). Patients presented as an incidental finding (n=80, 49%), with exertional (n=31, 21%) and nonexertional (n=32, 20%) symptoms and following sudden cardiac arrest/shock (n=5, 3%). Eighty-two patients (50.3%) were considered high risk. Predictors of high risk were older age at diagnosis, black race, intramural course, and exertional syncope. Most patients (82%) are allowed unrestrictive sports activities. Forty-seven patients had surgery (11 anomalous left CA and 36 anomalous right CA), 3 (6.4%) remained restricted from sports activities. All patients are alive at a median follow-up of 1.6 (interquartile range, 0.7–2.8) years.

Conclusions:
In this prospective cohort of patients with anomalous aortic origin of a CA, most have remained free of exercise restrictions. Development of a multidisciplinary team has allowed a consistent approach and may have implications in risk stratification and long-term prognosis.