bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pretreatment Techniques for Drug Residues in the Environment before their Quantitation
Authors: Tang Jingyi , Yang Min , Yao Shun 
Published: January 2020

Background:
More and more chemical substances are being released to the environment. Therefore, environmental problems caused by different pollutants have attracted the long-term attention.

Objective:
Sample pretreatment have always been the bottleneck restricting the development of residual drugs analysis, so the latest development in various pretreatment technologies and current status for different residual drugs in environmental samples are reviewed.

Method:
For systematic and explicit description, all of the contents were elucidated and summarized in a series of independent parts. In each part, it started from the research background or a conceptual framework and then specific examples were introduced to illustrate the theme. Finally, the important conclusions were drawn and its future was out looked after the discussion about related key problems appearing in each mentioned research.

Results:
The whole review was composed of four parts, and 111 papers were cited in total. Six figures were used to depict progress in potential pretreatment technologies for residual drugs in environment, and nine tables were employed to summarize pretreatment and analysis results for various residual drugs in environment.

Conclusion:
This review placed emphasis on the development of pretreatment techniques of residual drugs in a specific manner, leading to meaningful and valuable related information to some related fields and thus promotes further research and application of related methods. The deep exploration for key scientific problems is the driving force to their effective detection and strict control.
Comparative safety and efficacy of ozanimod versus fingolimod for relapsing multiple sclerosis
Authors: Swallow Elyse , Patterson-Lomba Oscar , Yin Lei , Mehta Rina , Pelletier Corey , Kao David , Sheffield James K , Stonehouse Tim , Signorovitch James 
Published: January 2020

Aim:Ozanimod and fingolimod are sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor–modulating therapies for relapsing multiple sclerosis.Patients & methods:Comparative effectiveness was assessed by matching adjusted indirect comparisons of safety and efficacy trial outcomes at first-dose cardiac monitoring, 1 year and 2 years.Results:After adjustment, baseline characteristics were similar. Ozanimod was associated with a lower risk of extended first-dose monitoring, conduction abnormalities including atrioventricular block. One-year risks of any adverse event (AE), mean lymphocyte count reductions and abnormal liver enzymes were lower with ozanimod. Two-year risks of AEs leading to discontinuation, any AEs, herpetic infections, bradycardia and abnormal liver enzymes were lower with ozanimod. Analyses of efficacy outcomes were similar.Conclusion:Ozanimod appears to have a favorable benefit-risk profile versus fingolimod.
The Use of Natural Products in the Management of Diabetes: The Current Trends
Authors: Adedapo AA , Ogunmiluyi IO 
Published: January 2020

Natural products have played and continue to play a great role in the management of different diseases. Natural products are usually believed to be safer, cheaper, easily available and sometimes more efficacious than purely synthetic drugs. Diabetes mellitus is a major health problem in the world. There is no cure for diabetes. With the increase in a number of newer drugs for diabetes, there is the possibility of a wide range of side effects that vary from one drug to another. It is, therefore, essential to practice effective methods of the treatment and management of diabetes. Hence, the need to explore antidiabetic drugs of natural origin with minimal side effects is highly essential. This review provides a scientific perspective on the usage and research of natural traditional remedies in the management of diabetes. The aim of the present review is to provide a comprehensive and concise overview of the previously reported clinical trials of antioxidative natural products in the management of diabetes.
Keywords: Diabetes, Natural products, Hyperglycemia, Diabetic complications,
PENGGUNAAN KULIT UBI KAYU (Manihot utillisima Pohl) TERHADAP PENYERAPAN LOGAM Fe (III) PADA AIR PAYAU
Authors: Duda Delta Rinanda , Bahri Syaiful , Hardi Jaya , Inda Nov Irmawati 
Published: January 2020

The absorption of Fe (III) metal in brackish water in the Balaroa Village, West Palu District using Cassava peels (Manihot utillisima Pohl) has been carried out. The aim of this study is determining the lifetime of cassava peels (Manihot utillisima Pohl) on the absorption of Fe (III) ions in brackish water. The research was conducted in a simple purification water system. Brackish water was flowed through the simple purification water system containing Cassava peels (Manihot utillisima Pohl) with a volume of brackish water is 10 liters per day (measured flow rate) and been analyzed every 2 days using UV-Vis spectrophotometry for less than 1 month. The results of the study show that cassava peel could be used as biosorbent to absorb and reduce level of Fe (III) ions in brackish water for 2.821 months. The concentration of Fe (III) ions in brackish water in Balaroa Village, West Palu District is 1.666 ppm.
Keywords : Fe (III) Ion, Biosorbent, Cassava Peel
POTENSI ANTIOKSIDAN METABOLIT SEKUNDER FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DARI KULIT BATANG EBONI (Diospyros celebica Bakh.)
Authors: Sasmita Vivi , Ridhay Ahmad , Ys Hardi 
Published: January 2020

Research on the antioxidant potential of the secondary metabolite compound, ethyl acetate from ebony bark (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) has been conducted. This study aims to characterize and determine the antioxidant activity of secondary metabolites of ethyl acetate fraction from ebony bark. Ethyl acetate extract was fractionated using Liquid Vacum Chromatography (KVC) and Gravity Column Chromatography (KKG). The isolated compounds were characterized using UV-Vis and IR spectrophotometers. Data on maximum absorption of λmax 273 nm from UV-Vis analysis showed the presence of chromophore phenol. IR spectral data showed several specific peaks, among others, at wave number (ʋ) of 3425.58 cm-1 indicating the presence of –OH group, C-H aliphatic bond at ʋ of 2924.09 cm-1 and 2854.65 cm-1, and the peak at ʋ of 1604.77 -1465.90 cm-1 and 3078.39 cm-1 indicated the aromatic group, reinforcing the assumption that the isolates produced were phenolic compounds. IC50 value of 75.47 µg/mL from antioxidant activity testing showed that the isolates obtained were antioxidant compounds with strong antioxidant categories.
Keywords: antioxidant, Diospyros, ebony, phenolic, isolation
STUDI ADSORPSI LOGAM Pb PADA TANAH TERCEMAR ABU TERBANG (Fly Ash) DENGAN MENGUNAKAN TANAMAN KANGKUNG DARAT (Ipomoea reptans Poir)
Authors: Putri Yul Uca Sali , Khairuddin  , Sosidi Husain , Pusptasari Dwi Juli 
Published: January 2020

Pb metal adsorption studies on land water spinach (Ipomoem reptans poir) have been carried out. The method of analysis was carried out using a completely randomized design with two independent variables, i.e amount of Pb metal concentration adsorb on the roots of land spinach and the lifetime of the land spinach roots. The results show that the amount of Pb metal adsorp on the land spinach roots with variations in the age of 2-5 consecutive weeks was 0,023 µg/g; 0,03 µg/g; 0,084 µg/g; 0,099 µg/g, respectively. The results of both statistical tests, F test and LSD test, show that there was a significant difference in the concentration of Pb in each age of harvest, which in the fifth week showed the highest Pb level. BCF test results show that Pb metal adsorption takes piace with a phytoextraction mechanism.
Keywords: Absorption, Lead Metal, Land Weter Spinach, Pb Levels, Length Of Planting Time
PENGARUH RASIO PELARUT TERHADAP EKSTRAKSI DARI KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
Authors: Noviyanty Amalia , Salingkat Chitra Anggriani , Syamsiar Syamsiar 
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the effect of the ratio of solvents to extract yield, phenolics total and IC50 values ​​of red dragon fruit peel and also get the optimal solvent ratio to obtain extract yield, phenolics total and the highest or best IC50 values ​​of red dragon fruit peel extracts. The solvent ratio used there are 6 levels of the ratio: 2:1; 3:1; 4:1; 5:1; 6:1 and 7:1 (v/w). The data obtained were analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design that was applied to observations of extract yield, phenolics total and IC50 values, if the treatment had a very significant or significant effect followed by continued Tukey HSD test at 1% or 5% level. The results showed that the solvent ratio very significantly affected the extract yield, phenolics total and IC50 value of red dragon fruit peel extract. The solvent ratio of 4:1 (v/w) produced extract yield, phenolics total and IC50 values the highest or best i.e 26.22%, 71.56 ppm, and 124.62 ppm.
Keywords : IC50, the red dragon fruit skin, solvent ratio, phenolics total
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSRTRAK LUMUT HATI (Marchantia polymorpha)
Authors: Nurhaeni Nurhaeni , Gladys  , Hardi Jaya 
Published: January 2020

The research is about antioxidant activity of the liverworts (Marchatia polymorpha) extract based on the level of a polar solvent. This research was done by maceration of liverworts by using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol solvent. The n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol fraction were tested the antioxidant activity by using DPPH method. The result was obtained for antioxidant activity (IC50) on n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and vitamin C is 1065.33 ppm, 1326.52 ppm, 1876.11 ppm, and 13.45 ppm, respectively. The liverworts extract was identified contains secondary metabolites compounds of flavonoid, tannins, polyphenol, alkaloid, and steroid.
Keywords: Liverwort extract, antioxidant, IC50
On the Question Concerning the Creation of Unified Accounting Data Form “The Protocol of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation” for Mobile Teams of Emergency Medical Services
Authors: Birkun A. A. 
Published: January 2020

Significant decrease in death rates from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) can be achieved by developing and implementing an integrated program of administrative interventions focused on improvements in the provision of the first aid and emergency medical care. However, both identification of the foreground and reasonable components of the program, and evaluation of its efficiency are impossible in the absence of reliable tools for collecting and analyzing data on epidemiology of OHCA and performance of the prehospital care system. This paper discusses the development of unified form for collecting data on cases of OHCA with attempted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), addresses the promising data form “The protocol of CPR” that is recommended by the Specialized Board on Emergency Medical Care of the Ministry of Health of Russia, and offers a set of proposals for optimizing the form with consideration for the international guidelines for uniform reporting of data from OHCA.Author declare lack of the conflicts of interests.
El deporte como espacio educativo: Aportes y alcances de la formación en ciudadanía deportiva en Chile
Authors: García Dumenes Matías 
Published: January 2020

Este artículo propone una reflexión y análisis sobre los aportes del deporte en la formación para la ciudadanía, la participación socio-política juvenil y la convivencia social en espacios educativos. En primer lugar, se abordan los problemas de convivencia en contextos escolares y deportivos, y se realiza una revisión sobre datos de participación socio-política de los y las jóvenes en Chile. Posteriormente, se exponen los aportes del deporte, en tanto espacio educativo para la formación ciudadana de niños, niñas y adolescentes en contextos pedagógicos diversos (escuela, comunidad, agrupaciones deportivas, entre otros). Finalmente, se propone el concepto de ciudadanía deportiva para articular dichos aportes y elementos orientadores para implementar la formación en ciudadanía deportiva en contextos escolares.
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This article proposes a reflection and analysis on the contributions of sports in citizen education, social-political participation of the youths and social coexistence in educational spaces. First of all, the problems of coexistence in school and sport contexts are addressed, as a review of the data about the social-political participation of the Chilean youth. Subsequently, the contributions of sports are exposed, as an educational space for the formation of citizenship in the youths, in diverse pedagogical contexts (school, community, sports groups, among others). Finally, the concept of sports citizenship is proposed to articulate said contributions and elements oriented for the implementation of a sports-oriented citizenship in school contexts.

Keywords: Sport, citizenship education, participation, coexistence, educational spaces.
Norma Moral y Criminalidad Femenina: Rol del Género a partir de la estructura tripartida de la Ética de Paul Ricoeur
Authors: Flores Zuñiga Paula 
Published: January 2020

A partir de los postulados de Paul Ricoeur de la intencionalidad ética y la norma moral, y de la primacía de la primera sobre la segunda, se establece cómo la estructura tripartida de la concepción de ética en forma insoluble conlleva en su tercer polo, la interpelación del sí desde su intención de la vida buena con la norma en el sentido moral. A partir, de esta tensión dialéctica de la alteridad y la ipse de Ricoeur, es donde se indaga en el rol del género en la interiorización de la norma moral, específicamente en mujeres que delinquen. Se plantea la vinculación de los conceptos culturales y sociales a la base de la norma moral en un sistema patriarcal, en términos anónimos y naturales, que implican para la mujer en su actuar una doble contradicción. Se discute sobre la incidencia de estructura tradicional de valores y normas precedentes, en el plano de la libertad y la vinculación con la ley para la mujer.

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Moral Norm and Feminine Criminality: Role of Gender based on the tripartite structure of Paul Ricoeur's Ethics

Abstract

Based on Paul Ricoeur’s postulates about ethical intentionality and moral norm, and regarding the supremacy of the first one over the second one; it is established how the tripartite structure of the ethical conception involves, on its third pole, the question of the selfhood, regarding its intention of a good life with the norm in the moral sense. From this dialectic tension between the alterity and ipse of Ricoeur, the role of gender and the incorporation of the moral norm is analysed, specifically in women who offend. The connection between the cultural and social concepts underlying the moral norm in a patriarchal system is presented. Which means, in natural terms, that it implies a double contradiction for women’s actions. The impact of the traditional value structure and previous norms is discussed in terms of the freedom and connection with the law for women.

Keywords: Paul Ricoeur, moral norm, ethical intentionality, gender, female offending.
Reflexiones en torno a la noción de Familia e Infancia: Psicoanálisis, Gubernamentalidad y Servicio Nacional de Menores de Chile (SENAME)
Authors: Fuentes Lara Ignacio 
Published: January 2020

Se realiza un breve recorrido teórico sobre tensiones en la noción de familia como agente regulador de subjetividades en la modernidad tardía. En estas condiciones actuales se habrían desarrollado acciones orientadas a la sobre-judicialización de problemáticas individuales y familiares, reflexionando sobre Programas de Reparación al Maltrato de SENAME, como configuraciones neoliberales de las políticas de atención a la infancia y sus familias. Mediante nociones de gubernamentalidad y biopolítica se analizan funcionamientos generados por estas instituciones de atención a la infancia, tramitando la propia condición familiar mediante dispositivos jurídicos sancionadores.

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Reflections on the notion of Family and Childhood: Psychoanalysis, Governmentality and National Service of Minors of Chile (SENAME)

Abstract

A brief theoretical journey is madea bout tensions in the notion of the family as a regulating agent of subjectivities in late modernity. Under these current conditions, actions aimed at the over judicialization of individual and family problems, reflecting on SENAME Abuse Repair Programs, as neoliberal configurations of childcare policies and their families, would have been developed. Through notions of governmentality and biopolitics, operations generated by these institutions for the care of children are analyzed, processing their own family condition through legal sanctioning devices.

Keywords: Childhood, law, public-private, device, abuse.
Lo común y la cuestión de la institución
Authors: Dardot Pierre 
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo desarrolla una aproximación al estudio de las sociedades neoliberales, articulando en su despliegue argumental la relación entre instituciones, prácticas de resistencia y prácticas de lo común, lo cual se desarrolla en tres tiempos. Problematizando la relación entre resistencia e instituciones, propone, en un primer movimiento, un problema disciplinar sobre la emergencia de la institución para las ciencias sociales, centrándose especialmente en la sociología francesa; posteriormente, y tomando como referencia los trabajos de Marx y Castoriadis, aborda la relación y distinción entre praxis e imaginario instituyente; para terminar planteando, en un tercer movimiento, a las prácticas de lo común como praxis instituyentes que logran no sólo introducir transformaciones a lo instituido sino también producir institución.

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The common and the question of the institution

Abstract

This article develops an approach to the study of neoliberal societies, articulating in its deployment the relationship between institutions, practices of resistance and practices of the common, which develops in three times. Initially problematizing the relationship between resistance and institutions, he proposes a disciplinary problem about the emergence of the institution for the social sciences, focusing especially on French sociology; later, and taking as reference the works of Marx andCastoriadis, it deals with the relation and distinction between praxis and instituting imaginary; to end up proposing, in a third movement, the practices of the common as instituting praxis that manage not only to introduce transformations to the instituted but also to produce an institution.

Keywords: Institution, resistance, instituting praxis.
La creación política de lo común frente a la violencia radical e inconvertible: Psicoanálisis en los confines de la democracia política
Authors: Bilbao Alejandro 
Published: January 2020

Tomando a la violencia como un aspecto crítico-esencial de la organización política y democrática de las comunidades humanas, el presente artículo intenta explicitar las modalidades aporéticas de su presentación en la historia. Ya que, vinculada de un modo innegable a la historicidad del hombre, en los modos en que esta historicidad se transparenta en las creaciones artísticas, morales, religiosas y políticas, la violencia supone de manera no menos relevante, una difícil consideración respecto del accionar que ella convoca al interior de las lógicas sociales. En tres tiempos temáticos destinados a una reflexión sobre sus contornos, límites y extremos, la violencia emerge en el lazo indisoluble que mantiene con la política y la historia. Las ideas de Hobbes, Hegel, Benjamin y Freud, son tomadas en consideración para analizar las características de dicho lazo.

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The political creation of the common front of radical and inconvertible violence: psychoanalysis in the confines of political democracy

Abstract

Taking violence as a critical-essential aspect of the political and democratic organization of human communities, this article attempts to explain the aphoric modalities of its presentation in history. Since, undeniably linked to the historicity of man, in the ways in which this historicity is transparent in artistic, moral, religious and political creations, violence is no less relevant, a difficult consideration for the actions that she summons within the social logic. In three thematic times aimed at a reflection on its contours, limits and extremes, violence emerges in the indissoluble link that it maintains with politics and history. The ideas of Hobbes, Hegel, Benjamin and Freud, are taken into consideration to analyze the characteristics of this link.

Keywords: Violence, politics, political democracy, psychoanalysis.
¿Qué es un compañero? Más allá de la amistad como paradigma político
Authors: Karmy Rodrigo 
Published: January 2020

El presente ensayo plantea cómo es que cierta tradición filosófica se ha fundado en base a la politización de la noción de amistad, proyectando la política exclusivamente en base al conflicto entre amigo y enemigo. La hipótesis del ensayo es que la palabra “compañero” ha quedado sin problematizar en la tradición filosófica y que, quizás, sea ésta la que pueda constituir una política diferente, más allá del paradigma amistocrático que pende de sobremanera de la noción de sacrificialidad.

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What is a comrade? Beyond friendship as a political paradigm

Abstract

This essay shows how certain philosophical tradition has been founded on a politicize notion of friendship, projecting politics in base on the conflict between friends and enemies. The hipothesis of this essay is that the term “comrade” has been excluded from the philosophical research and, maybe, this term could constitutes a different kind of politics, beyond the amistocraticparadigm that depends from a notion of sacrificiality.

Keywords: Friendship, politics, Hobbes, Schmitt, commons, comrade.