bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness and factors associated with reported intake of folic acid-fortified flour among women of reproductive age in Ifakara, Morogoro region, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mwandelile Ipyana Frank , Mpembeni Rose , Abade Ahmed , Rumisha Susan F. , Massaga Julius J. , Kishimba Rogath 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Folic acid fortification of staple foods has been in place in many countries for over two decades. Studies have shown that folic acid fortification can significantly reduce incidence of neural tube defects. Tanzania adopted a mandatory fortification policy for commercially-produced wheat and maize flour in 2011. We determined factors influencing intake of folic acid-fortified flour among women of reproductive age (WRA).

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study among WRA during March–April 2017 in Ifakara Town Council, Morogoro region. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select study participants. We used a questionnaire to capture information on demographics, awareness of folic acid, awareness of existence of folic acid fortified flour in community and intake of folic acid fortified flour. Intake was defined as reported consumption of folic acid fortified flour products at least once within 7 days before interview. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariable logistic analyses were done to evaluate factors associated with intake of folic acid fortified flour.

Results
The median age of the 698 participating WRA was 30 years (range: 18–49). Awareness of folic acid and folic acid fortified flour was 6.9% (95% CI: 5.2–9.0%) and 7.5% (95% CI: 5.7–9.6%), respectively. Consumption of folic acid fortified flour was 63.3% (95% CI: 59.7–66.8%). Independent factors associated with intake included being employed (aOR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.19–3.06), having no children (nulliparity) (aOR = 2.59; 95% CI: 1.36–4.95) or having 1–4 children (aOR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.17–3.33) (vs. 5 or more children), and folic acid awareness (aOR = 2.53; 95% CI: 1.30–4.92).

Conclusion
Folic acid fortified flour was used by most respondents in our study despite low awareness of existence of folic acid fortified flour in the community. Being employed, having fewer than five children, and folic acid awareness were independent factors associated with intake. We recommend scaling up of mandatory flour fortification program and doing further studies on blood folate level among women of reproductive age in Ifakara to assess fortification program effectiveness.
Potentials of some entomopathogens against the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Tozlu Elif , Saruhan Islam , Tozlu Göksel , Kotan Recep , Dadaşoğlu Fatih , Tekiner Nasibe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål, 1855) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an invasive harmful pest species due to its economic losses. Its wide host range and continuous movement make its control difficult with insecticides. Biological control has recently gained importance due to the negative aspects of chemical control. The study evaluated the biological control tools by testing the entomopathogens against the pest by 11 bacteria strains and 1 fungal isolate. Brevibacillus, Bacillus, Pantoea, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, and Beauveria were tested against the nymphs of H. halys under controlled conditions. All applied entomopathogens had potentials for controlling H. halys. Mortality rates of 75 and 100% were obtained by the bacteria strains and 76.19% by the fungus, B. bassiana. Successfully reaching a 100% control rate, the bacterial isolates of the Bacillus cereus GC subgroup B and Pantoea agglomerans GC subgroup were recorded to have a greater potential than the others.
Nivolumab Is Effective in Mismatch Repair–Deficient Noncolorectal Cancers: Results From Arm Z1D—A Subprotocol of the NCI-MATCH (EAY131) Study
Authors: Azad Nilofer S. , Gray Robert J. , Overman Michael J. , Schoenfeld Jonathan D. , Mitchell Edith P. , Zwiebel James A. , Sharon Elad , Streicher Howard , Li Shuli , McShane Lisa M. , Rubinstein Larry , Patton David R. , Williams P. Mickey , Coffey Brent , Hamilton Stanley R. , Bahary Nathan , Suga J. Marie , Hatoum Hassan , Abrams Jeffrey S. , Conley Barbara A. , Arteaga Carlos L. , Harris Lyndsay , O'Dwyer Peter J. , Chen Alice P. , Flaherty Keith T. 
Published: November 2019

PURPOSE The National Cancer Institute Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice (NCI-MATCH) trial, the largest national precision oncology study to date (> 1,100 sites) of patients with relapsed or refractory malignancies, assigned patients to targeted therapy in parallel phase II studies based on tumor molecular alterations. The anti–programmed death receptor 1 inhibitor nivolumab previously showed activity in mismatch repair (MMR)–deficient colon cancer. We hypothesized that nivolumab would have activity in patients with MMR-deficient, noncolorectal tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients with relapsed or refractory tumors, good end-organ function, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of ≤ 1 underwent tumor biopsy for centralized screening of molecular alterations. MMR deficiency was defined by complete loss of nuclear expression of MLH1 or MSH2 MMR gene products by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Patients with MMR-deficient colorectal cancer were excluded. Nivolumab, 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks (28-day cycles) and 480 mg every 4 weeks after cycle 4, was administered intravenously. Disease reassessment was performed every 2 cycles. The primary end point was RECIST 1.1 objective response rate (ORR). RESULTS Two percent of 4,902 screened patients had an MMR-deficient cancer by IHC. Forty-two evaluable patients were enrolled, with a median age of 60 years and a median of 3 prior therapies. The most common histologies were endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (n = 13), prostate adenocarcinoma (n = 5), and uterine carcinosarcoma (n = 4). ORR was 36% (15 of 42 patients). An additional 21% of patients had stable disease. The estimated 6-, 12-, and 18-month progression-free survival rates were 51.3% (90% CI, 38.2% to 64.5%), 46.2% (90% CI, 33.1% to 59.3%), and 31.4% (90% CI, 18.7% to 44.2%), respectively. Median overall survival was 17.3 months. Toxicity was predominantly low grade. CONCLUSION A variety of refractory cancers (2.0% of those screened) had MMR deficiency as defined in NCI-MATCH. Nivolumab has promising activity in MMR-deficient noncolorectal cancers of a wide variety of histopathologic types.
MiR-221/222 Inhibit Insulin Production of Pancreatic β-Cells in Mice
Authors: Fan Liwen , Shan Aijing , Su Yutong , Cheng Yulong , Ji He , Yang Qi , Lei Ying , Liu Bei , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang , Cao Yanan , Jiang Xiuli 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are essential for the regulation of development, proliferation, and functions of pancreatic β-cells. The conserved miR-221/222 cluster is an important regulator in multiple cellular processes. Here we investigated the functional role of miR-221/222 in the regulation of β-cell proliferation and functions in transgenic mouse models. We generated 2 pancreatic β-cell-specific–miR-221/222 transgenic mouse models on a C57BL/6J background. The glucose metabolic phenotypes, β-cell mass, and β-cell functions were analyzed in the mouse models. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of miR-221/222 was performed on β-cells and mouse insulinoma 6 (MIN6) cells to explore the effect and mechanisms of miR-221/222 on β-cell proliferation and functions. Luciferase reporter assay, histological analysis, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were carried out to study the direct target genes of miR-221/222 in β-cells. The expression of miR-221/222 was significantly upregulated in β-cells from the high-fat diet (HFD)–fed mice and db/db mice. Overexpression of miR-221/222 impaired the insulin production and secretion of β-cells and resulted in glucose intolerance in vivo. The β-cell mass and proliferation were increased by miR-221/222 expression via Cdkn1b and Cdkn1c. MiR-221/222 repressed insulin transcription activity through targeting Nfatc3 and lead to reduction of insulin in β-cells. Our findings demonstrate that miR-221/222 are important regulators of β-cell proliferation and insulin production. The expression of miR-221/222 in β-cells could regulate glucose metabolism in physiological and pathological processes.
Free-living Evaluation of Laboratory-based Activity Classifiers in Preschoolers
Authors: AHMADI MATTHEW N. , BROOKES DENISE , CHOWDHURY ALOK , PAVEY TOBY , TROST STEWART G. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Machine learning classification models for accelerometer data are potentially more accurate methods to measure physical activity in young children than traditional cut point methods. However, existing algorithms have been trained on laboratory-based activity trials, and their performance has not been investigated under free-living conditions.

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of laboratory-trained hip and wrist random forest and support vector machine classifiers for the automatic recognition of five activity classes: sedentary (SED), light-intensity activities and games (LIGHT_AG), walking (WALK), running (RUN), and moderate to vigorous activities and games (MV_AG) in preschool-age children under free-living conditions.

Methods
Thirty-one children (4.0 ± 0.9 yr) were video recorded during a 20-min free-living play session while wearing an ActiGraph GT3X+ on their right hip and nondominant wrist. Direct observation was used to continuously code ground truth activity class and specific activity types occurring within each class using a bespoke two-stage coding scheme. Performance was assessed by calculating overall classification accuracy and extended confusion matrices summarizing class-level accuracy and the frequency of specific activities observed within each class.

Results
Accuracy values for the hip and wrist random forest algorithms were 69.4% and 59.1%, respectively. Accuracy values for hip and wrist support vector machine algorithms were 66.4% and 59.3%, respectively. Compared with the laboratory cross validation, accuracy decreased by 11%–15% for the hip classifiers and 19%–21% for the wrist classifiers. Classification accuracy values were 72%–78% for SED, 58%–79% for LIGHT_AG, 71%–84% for MV_AG, 9%–15% for WALK, and 66%–75% for RUN.

Conclusion
The accuracy of laboratory-based activity classifiers for preschool-age children was attenuated when tested on new data collected under free-living conditions. Future studies should train and test machine learning activity recognition algorithms using accelerometer data collected under free-living conditions.
Quantitative approach to numbers and sizes: Generation of primary neurospheres from the dorsal lateral ganglionic eminence of late embryonic mice
Authors: Blackwood Christopher 
Published: November 2019

Background: The neurosphere assay is a powerful tool to study neural stem cell biology. The objective of this protocol is to create a simple and rapid approach to generate neurospheres from the dorsal lateral ganglionic eminence of late embryonic (day 17) mice. This method predicts the average number of neurospheres and provides an approximation of its expected size after 7 days in vitro. Characterization of numbers and sizes will provide investigators with quantitative data to advise on the implementation of downstream applications, including immnocytochemistry, self-renewal and differentiation assays. Methods: Our method is based on a simple dissection technique, where tissue surrounding the dorsal lateral ventricle from a single mouse embryo is trimmed away to enrich for neural stem cell and progenitor populations. Following this dissection, tissue is mechanically dissociated by trituration. Cells are then cultured in media containing epidermal growth factor and other supplements to generate healthy primary neurospheres. Results: Using this approach, we found reproducible number of primary neurospheres after 7 days in vitro. Furthermore, we found this method yields different sizes of neurospheres. Lastly, using an anti-GFAP antibody, we confirm that these neurospheres can be used for immunocytochemistry studies. Conclusions: Future use of this protocol provides metrics on the generation of neurospheres that will be useful for further advances in the area of stem cell biology.
Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Associated With Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Nehme Fredy , Schneider Ashley , Hamid Fadi 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a known risk factor for colorectal cancer, but the association between UC and appendiceal adenocarcinoma remains rare. We present a 42-year-old patient with long-standing UC who presented with acute appendicitis shortly after a routine colonoscopy. Histopathological examination revealed moderately differentiated appendiceal adenocarcinoma. The recognition of appendiceal cancer as a complication of long-standing UC warrants increased clinical awareness.
Preoperative Urinary pH is Associated with Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery in Non-Diabetic Patients
Authors: Tumer Naim Boran , Tekeli Kunt Atike , Gunaydin Serdar 
Published: November 2019

Background: Acute kidney injury is a common complication of cardiac surgery that increases morbidity and mortality. The present study aims to analyze the association of preoperative urinary pH with acute kidney injury after isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 270 adult non-diabetic patients who underwent isolated CABG surgery with normal renal function. The perioperative data of the patients included demographic data, laboratory findings, morbidity, and mortality. The patient population was divided into four groups: Group I, patients with preoperative urinary pH=5; Group II, patients with preoperative urinary pH=5.5; Group III, patients with preoperative urinary pH=6-6.5; and Group IV, patients with preoperative urinary pH ≥ 7.0. Kidney injury was interpreted according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO).
Results: There were 108 patients (40%) in Group I, 44 patients (16.3%) in Group II, 78 patients (28.9%) in Group III, and 40 patients (14.8%) in Group IV. Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) occurred in 39 patients (36.1%) in Group I, 4 patients (9.1%) in Group II, and 2 patients (2,5%) in Group III. None of the patients developed AKI in Group IV. Renal replacement therapy was required in 8 patients (2.3%) (6 patients from Group I; 2 patients from Group II; P = .016). Thirty-day mortality occurred in 5 patients (1.9%) (5 patients from Group I; none from other groups; P = .017). All of the patients required renal replacement therapy. Logistic regression analysis revealing the presence of lower pH levels preoperatively was shown to be associated with increased incidence of postoperative AKI (OR: 0.193; 95% CI: 0.103-0.361; P < .001).
Conclusion: Low preoperative urinary pH (≤5.5) results in severe acute kidney injury and increases the rate of morbidity and mortality after isolated CABG.
Investigation of the spectrum for Sturm–Liouville problems with a nonlocal boundary condition
Authors: Skučaitė-Bingelė Kristina , Štikonas Artūras 
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we analyze the Sturm–Liouville problem with one classical first type boundary condition and the other Samarskii–Bitsadze type nonlocal boundary condition. We investigate how the spectrum of this problem depends on the parameters γ and ξ of the nonlocal boundary condition. Some new results are given as graphs of the characteristic function.
Radial basis function method modelling borehole heat transfer: the practical application
Authors: Indriulionis Audrius , Vaitkus Pranas 
Published: November 2019

In this work, the method of radial basis function (RBF) is used for the borehole heat exchanger transfers (BHET) problems. The RBF method is an efficient mesh free technique for the numerical solution of partial differential equations. The condition number of the system of linear equations (matrix A) is large it means that the ill-conditioning of matrix A makes the numerical solution unstable. Tikhonov regularization (TR) method are presented to solve such ill-conditioned systems. In this work, generalized cross-validation (GCV) method is carried out to determine the regularization parameter ksi for the TR method that minimizes the GCV function. The some practical results of numerical experiments are presented.
Mortality of Pregnancy Following Breast Cancer Diagnoses in Taiwanese Women
Authors: Chuang Shu-Chun , Lin Ching-Hung , Lu Yen-Shen , Hsiung Chao Agnes 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
This work examined the association between pregnancy after breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and total mortality in Taiwanese patients with BC.

Materials and Methods
The Taiwan Cancer Registry, National Health Insurance database, and Taiwan National Death Certificate database were reviewed. Patients who became pregnant after being diagnosed with BC were selected (n = 249). Four nonpregnant patients with BC were selected and matched to every pregnant patient with BC by age at diagnosis, year at diagnosis, and propensity score based on disease stage, tumor size, node involvement, and histological grade. The disease-free time interval for the selected control needed to have been longer than the time interval between the cancer diagnosis and pregnancy for the index case. Follow-up was calculated from the pregnancy date of the index case to the date of death or December 31, 2014, whichever came first. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
After adjusting for age, year at BC diagnosis, stage, positive nodes, and hormone therapy, patients with BC who became pregnant after their cancer diagnosis had lower total mortality than did the comparison group (HR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.23–0.84), including that of estrogen receptor-positive patients (HR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.07–0.77). The inverse association was more pronounced for those who became pregnant more than 3 years after diagnosis (HR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.05–0.78).

Conclusion
Our nationwide retrospective analysis revealed that pregnancy after BC diagnosis was associated with lower mortality than that of nonpregnant patients with BC at a similar age, year at diagnosis, and clinical characteristics.
Sistema informÃ¡tico odontolÃ³gico vÃ­a web para mejorar el servicio de atenciÃ³n a los pacientes en la ClÃ­nica San MartÃ­n de la ciudad de Trujillo
Authors: Cueva Chuquijajas Wagner Enrique 
Published: November 2019

La presente investigaciÃ³n realizada en el centro OdontolÃ³gico â€œSan MartÃ­nâ€ su objetivo general es mejorar el servicio de atenciÃ³n de los pacientes concurrentes a la ClÃ­nica odontolÃ³gica San MartÃ­n de Trujillo, se propuso utilizar un sistema InformÃ¡tico vÃ­a web, para el mejoramiento de la atenciÃ³n paciente. El tipo investigaciÃ³n es aplicado, pre- experimental. Para la conï€abilidad se utilizÃ³ pre-test post-test con un nivel de 95% conï€anza. UtilizÃ¡ndose como mÃ©todos de anÃ¡lisis de datos Z para las medidas de tiempos correspondientes. Se utilizÃ³ la metodologÃ­a Iconix para el desarrollo del sistema informÃ¡tico odontolÃ³gico, puesto que se sometiÃ³ a selecciÃ³n y se comprobÃ³ que es la mÃ¡s aceptable para el logro de la presente investigaciÃ³n. La muestra obtenida es de 270 pacientes atendidos durante el mes. En el primer indicador se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios ya que el tiempo promedio en la reserva de citas a los pacientes se ha reducido en 235.72 segundos. Que representa un 79.35 % del tiempo total, en el segundo indicador el tiempo promedio en el registro de los historiales de atenciÃ³n al paciente disminuye 139.34 segundos, que representa el 66.54%. y por Ãºltimo con respecto al Tiempo Promedio en la bÃºsqueda de historial clÃ­nico con el Sistema Actual es de 297.02 segundos, en comparaciÃ³n al Sistema Propuesto que es 74.60 segundos, lo que determina una reducciÃ³n de tiempo de 222.42 segundos; lo cual permitirÃ¡ una reducciÃ³n del 74.88% en la bÃºsqueda de las historias clÃ­nicas.
Palabras clave: Sistema informÃ¡tico odontolÃ³gico, vÃ­a web, reserva de citas.
Öğretmen Adaylarının “AIDS” Kavramı Konusundaki Bilişsel Yapıları: Çizme-Yazma Tekniği Örneği
Authors: EKİCİ Gülay 
Published: November 2019

Bu
araştırmada öğretmen adaylarının AIDS kavramı konusundaki bilişsel yapıları
nasıldır? sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma modeli kapsamında
durum çalışması deseni kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya farklı branşlardan 298
öğretmen adayı katılmıştır. Veriler çizme-yazma tekniğiyle toplanmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin
analizinde içerik analizinin kullanımı tercih edilmiş olup veriler kategorilere
göre yorumlanmıştır. Katılımcıların AIDS kavramı hakkındaki bilişsel
yapılarının yoğunlaştığı kategorilerin “AIDS’in sonuçları, AIDS’in taşıyıcıları ve AIDS’in
bulaşma yolları” kategorileri olduğu
belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın önemli sonuçlardan biri ise belirlenmiş olan tüm
kategorilerde katılımcıların AIDS kavramıyla ilgili farklı kavramlara sahip
oldukları ve bilişsel yapılarının yeterli düzeyde olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Çünkü katılımcıların %67.91’inin temsili
olmayan-karikatür çizimler yaptıkları görülmüştür. Katılımcılar kategorilerde en fazla Ölüm, Mutsuz insanlar, Erkek, Kadın gibi kavramlara ait çizimler
yaptıkları belirlenmiştir.
KERJA SAMA DI ANTARA SDM PERPUSTAKAAN UNTUK MENUJU LAYANAN PRIMA DAN UNGGUL
Authors: Fatmawati Endang 
Published: November 2019

<p>Internal problems among the human resources in each library must exist. To achieve service excellence and superior library requires cooperation. Cooperation among individuals there is a need of every library. Solid team work is the key to success in managing the library. The practice of cooperation among individuals in the library can be assessed based on aspects of social relations and the exchange of knowledge.</p><p>Keywords: team work, cooperation, human resources, library</p>