bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of High-Fat Diet and Maternal Binge-Like Alcohol Consumption and Their Influence on Cocaine Response in Female Mice Offspring
Authors: Duart-Castells Leticia , Cantacorps Lídia , López-Arnau Raúl , Montagud-Romero Sandra , Puster Brigitte , Mera Paula , Serra Dolors , Camarasa Jorge , Pubill David , Valverde Olga , Escubedo Elena 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Prenatal alcohol exposure is a leading cause of neurobehavioral and neurocognitive deficits collectively known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, including eating disorders and increased risk for substance abuse as very common issues. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the interaction between prenatal and lactation alcohol exposure (PLAE) and a high-fat diet (HFD) during childhood and adolescence.

Methods
Pregnant C57BL/6 mice underwent a procedure for alcohol binge drinking during gestation and lactation periods. Subsequently, PLAE female offspring were fed with an HFD for 8 weeks, and thereafter, nutrition-related parameters as well as their response to cocaine were assessed.

Results
In our model, feeding young females with an HFD increased their triglyceride blood levels but did not induce overweight compared with those fed with a standard diet. Moreover, PLAE affected how females responded to the fatty diet as they consumed less food than water-exposed offspring, consistent with a lower gain of body weight. HFD increased the psychostimulant effects of cocaine. Surprisingly, PLAE reduced the locomotor responses to cocaine without modifying cocaine-induced reward. Moreover, PLAE prevented the striatal overexpression of cannabinoid 1 receptors induced by an HFD and induced an alteration of myelin damage biomarker in the prefrontal cortex, an effect that was mitigated by an HFD-based feeding.

Conclusion
Therefore, in female offspring, some effects triggered by one of these factors, PLAE or an HFD, were blunted by the other, suggesting a close interaction between the involved mechanisms.
Application of the Crank–Nicolson time integrator to viscoelastic wave equations with boundary feedback damping
Authors: Xu Da 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study the numerical solutions for a boundary feedback mechanism on torsional vibrations of a homogeneous viscoelastic rod. The problem is discretized by the Crank–Nicolson scheme based on the trapezoidal rule: while the time derivative is approximated by the trapezoidal rule in a two-step way, a convolution quadrature formula, constructed again from the trapezoidal rule, is used to approximate the integral term. Error estimates of the numerical scheme are derived in the $ l^{\infty }_{t}(0,~\infty ;~L^{2}(0,~1)) $ norm. Results from some numerical experiment are presented.
p-adic Integration on Bad Reduction Hyperelliptic Curves
Authors: Katz Eric , Kaya Enis 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce an algorithm for computing $p$-adic integrals on bad reduction hyperelliptic curves. For bad reduction curves, there are two notions of $p$-adic integration: Berkovich–Coleman integrals, which can be performed locally, and abelian integrals with desirable number-theoretic properties. By covering a bad reduction hyperelliptic curve with basic wide-open sets, we reduce the computation of Berkovich–Coleman integrals to the known algorithms on good reduction hyperelliptic curves. These are due to Balakrishnan, Bradshaw, and Kedlaya and to Balakrishnan and Besser for regular and meromorphic $1$-forms, respectively. We then employ tropical geometric techniques due to the 1st-named author with Rabinoff and Zureick-Brown to convert the Berkovich–Coleman integrals into abelian integrals. We provide examples of our algorithm, verifying that certain abelian integrals between torsion points vanish.
A mobile microvolume UV/visible light spectrophotometer for the measurement of levofloxacin in saliva
Authors: Alffenaar Jan-Willem C , Jongedijk Erwin M , van Winkel Claudia A J , Sariko Margaretha , Heysell Scott K , Mpagama Stellah , Touw Daan J 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionTherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for personalized dosing of fluoroquinolones has been recommended to optimize efficacy and reduce acquired drug resistance in the treatment of MDR TB. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a simple, low-cost, robust assay for TDM using mobile UV/visible light (UV/VIS) spectrophotometry to quantify levofloxacin in human saliva at the point of care for TB endemic settings.MethodsAll experiments were performed on a mobile UV/VIS spectrophotometer. The levofloxacin concentration was quantified by using the amplitude of the second-order spectrum between 300 and 400 nm of seven calibrators. The concentration of spiked samples was calculated from the spectrum amplitude using linear regression. The method was validated for selectivity, specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision. Drugs frequently co-administered were tested for interference.ResultsThe calibration curve was linear over a range of 2.5–50.0 mg/L for levofloxacin, with a correlation coefficient of 0.997. Calculated accuracy ranged from –5.2% to 2.4%. Overall precision ranged from 2.1% to 16.1%. Application of the Savitsky–Golay method reduced the effect of interferents on the quantitation of levofloxacin. Although rifampicin and pyrazinamide showed analytical interference at the lower limit of quantitation of levofloxacin concentrations, this interference had no implication on decisions regarding the levofloxacin dose.ConclusionsA simple UV/VIS spectrophotometric method to quantify levofloxacin in saliva using a mobile nanophotometer has been validated. This method can be evaluated in programmatic settings to identify patients with low levofloxacin drug exposure to trigger personalized dose adjustment.
Why We Don’t Click: Interrogating the Relationship Between Viewing and Clicking in Social Media Contexts by Exploring the “Non-Click”
Authors: Ellison Nicole B , Triệu Penny , Schoenebeck Sarita , Brewer Robin , Israni Aarti 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Motivated by work that characterizes view-based social media practices as “passive use,” contrasting it with more desirable, interactive “active use,” this study explores how social media users understand their viewing and clicking practices and the empirical relationship between them. Employing a combination of eye tracking, survey, and interview methods, our study (N = 42) investigates the non-click—instances where people intentionally and thoughtfully do not click on content they spend time viewing. Counterintuitively, we find no difference in viewing duration to clicked versus non-clicked Facebook content. We find that use motivations and Facebook feed content are significant predictors of click behavior but measures of overall use, such as network size or minutes of use per day, are not. Our interview data reveal three audience-related concerns that contribute to deliberate non-clicking and illustrate how non-clicked content contributes to social connectedness when imported into other channels. We discuss implications for researchers, users, and designers.
Financialization, securitization and the decline of pubs in Britain
Authors: Keenan Liam 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Pubs in Britain are closing at a rapid rate. While changing regulatory, demographic and consumer trends have weakened the viability of pubs businesses in recent years, less is known about the role of Pub Companies, or ‘pubcos’, in contributing to the decline of the sector. Reflecting the core elements of financialization, pubcos acquire assets through securitization, prioritize shareholder value and operate under short-term financial targets and metrics. Adopting an institutionally sensitive geographical political economy approach, this article analyzes the ways in which pubcos, through financialization and securitization, have transformed the ownership and geographies of pubs in Britain. Foregrounding the firm as the unit of analysis, it emphasizes the importance of firm agency in creating more granular understandings of the geographical causes and implications of securitization. Analyzing the interrelationships between actors involved in the securitization process, particularly tensions between shareholders and bondholders, this article makes a novel contribution around the variegated, contradictory and conflicted nature of firm-level financialization.
Comparison of two measures for Complicated Grief: Brief Grief Questionnaire (BGQ) and Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG)
Authors: Igarashi Naoko , Aoyama Maho , Ito Masaya , Nakajima Satomi , Sakaguchi Yukihiro , Morita Tatsuya , Shima Yasuo , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objective
No prior studies have used a single sample of bereaved families of cancer patients to compare multiple scales for assessing Complicated Grief. Here, we compare the two measures.

Methods
We sent a questionnaire to the bereaved families of cancer patients who had died at 71 palliative care units nationwide.

Results
The analysis included 3173 returned questionnaires. Prevalence of Complicated Grief was 7.8% by Brief Grief Questionnaire (with a cutoff score of 8) and 15.5% for Inventory of Complicated Grief (with a cutoff score of 26). The Spearman’s correlation coefficient between the Brief Grief Questionnaire and the Inventory of Complicated Grief was 0.79, and a ceiling effect was seen for the distribution of the Brief Grief Questionnaire scores. Although 6.4% of respondents scored both 8 or higher on the Brief Grief Questionnaire and 26 or higher on the Inventory of Complicated Grief, only 1.4% scored both 8 or higher on the Brief Grief Questionnaire and &lt;26 on the Inventory of Complicated Grief. In contrast, 9.1% scored &lt;8 on the Brief Grief Questionnaire but 26 or higher on the Inventory of Complicated Grief.

Conclusion
The prevalence of Complicated Grief was estimated to be higher by the Inventory of Complicated Grief than by the Brief Grief Questionnaire in this sample. Patients with severe Complicated Grief might be difficult to discriminate their intensity of grief by the Brief Grief Questionnaire. Once the diagnostic criteria of Complicated Grief are established, further research, such as optimization of cutoff points and calculations of sensitivity and specificity, will be necessary.
New Species of Chiggers (Trombidiformes: Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae) From the Conservation Unit Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, Brazil
Authors: de Castro Jacinavicius Fernando , Bassini-Silva Ricardo , Huang-Bastos Matheus , Horta Maurício Claudio , Barros-Battesti Darci Moraes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Piauí State, Brazil, has never had its chigger fauna recorded. In this study, we examined chiggers collected on marsupials, rodents, and lizards from the conservation unit Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões (PNSC). Herein we describe four new species, Paraguacarus klompenin. sp., Neoschoengastia ochoain. sp., Quadraseta welbournin. sp., and Susa bauchanin. sp. Furthermore, an additional seven species are reported: Eutrombicula alfreddugesi (Oudemans, 1910), Microtrombicula brachytrichiaBrennan, 1971, Microtrombicula rhipidomysiGoff, Whitaker and Dietz, 1983, Parascoschoengastia aemulata (Brennan and Jones, 1964), Parasecia validaBrennan, 1969, Pseudochoengastia petrolinensis Jacinavicius, Bassini-Silva and Barros-Battesti 2019, and Quadraseta flochi (Brennan and Jones, 1960). This is the first report of chiggers in Piauí State, which includes one of the most biodiverse areas in the Caatinga biome and is of particular importance to conservation. The genera Paraguacarus Goff and Whitaker, 1984 and Susa Audy and Nadcharam, 1960 are reported here for the first time to Brazil.
Overexpression of Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR Is a Unique Epigenetic Characteristic of Myxopapillary Ependymoma
Authors: Zheng Haiyin , Baranova Katherina , Song Jun , Yan Lei , Biswas Saumik , Chakrabarti Subrata , Zhang Qi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Ependymomas are a heterogeneous group of central nervous system tumors. Despite the recent advances, there are no specific biomarkers for ependymomas. In this study, we explored the role of homeobox (HOX) genes and long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) HOTAIR in ependymomas along the neural axis. Bioinformatics analysis was performed on publicly available gene expression data. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression level among different groups of ependymomas. RNA in situ hybridization (ISH) with probes specific to HOTAIR was performed on tumor tissue microarray (TMA) constructed with 19 ependymomas formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. Gene expression analysis revealed higher expression of posterior HOX genes and HOTAIR in myxopapillary ependymoma (MPE), in comparison to other spinal and intracranial ependymoma. qRT-PCR confirmed the high HOXD10 expression in spinal MPEs. There was a significant upregulation of HOTAIR expression in spinal MPE and elevated HOTAIR expressions were further confirmed by RNA ISH on the TMA. Intriguingly, HOXD10 and HOTAIR expressions were not elevated in nonependymoma spinal tumors. Our collective results suggest an important role for the lncRNA HOTAIR and posterior HOX genes in the tumorigenesis of spinal MPE. HOTAIR may also serve as a potential diagnostic marker for spinal MPE.
Refugee Children’s Resilience: A Qualitative Social Ecological Study of Life in a Camp
Authors: Kuru Nİlüfer , Ungar Michael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A social ecological theory of resilience shows that the process of resilience not only depends on an individual child’s personal traits but also on the capacity of the child’s environment to provide the resources required for the child to use these traits to achieve psychological and physical wellbeing in contexts of adversity. The aim of this study is to investigate how refugee mothers influence their children’s developmental outcomes despite exposure to the large number of risk factors they experience living in a refugee camp. Ten Syrian mothers of children aged 5–7-years-old participated in both semi-structured interviews and focus groups conducted while they were living in a refugee camp in Turkey. Using an inductive thematic analysis, findings show that participants found unconventional ways to build their children’s social capital, provide an education and maintain culturally grounded values and beliefs when facing with multiple distal and proximal challenges. These findings highlight the importance of understanding resilience as a psychosocial and interactive process occurring at multiple systemic levels (in this case, child, mother, and camp). Improving the functioning of larger systems may be an efficacious way of creating stable and nurturing environments for children to experience greater resilience.
Omphalomesenteric duct resection using an intraumbilical round incision or a transumbilical vertical incision: report of two cases
Authors: Tatekawa Yukihiro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We report our experience with two patients who underwent omphalomesenteric duct resection: one for a patent omphalomesenteric duct and the other for a Meckel diverticulum connected to the umbilicus by a fibrous cord. We used an intraumbilical round incision and a transumbilical vertical incision, respectively. The first patient was a neonate with a patent omphalomesenteric duct who appeared to have a small stoma after ligature of the umbilical cord. Contrast media, injected through a catheter inserted into the stoma, entered the lumen of the small bowel. The second patient was an infant with a Meckel diverticulum connected to the umbilicus by a fibrous cord. After bloody stool was noted, nuclear imaging using 99m technetium pertechnetate revealed a small, round area of intense tracer activity in the midabdomen, suggesting the presence of ectopic gastric mucosa. Using either an intraumbilical or a transumbilical incision is safe and provides good cosmesis.
Trimodal structure of Hercules stream explained by originating from bar resonances
Authors: Asano Tetsuro , Fujii M S , Baba J , Bédorf J , Sellentin E , Portegies Zwart S 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Gaia Data Release 2 revealed detailed structures of nearby stars in phase space. These include the Hercules stream, whose origin is still debated. Most of the previous numerical studies conjectured that the observed structures originate from orbits in resonance with the bar, based on static potential models for the Milky Way. We, in contrast, approach the problem via a self-consistent, dynamic, and morphologically well-resolved model, namely a full N-body simulation of the Milky Way. Our simulation comprises about 5.1 billion particles in the galactic stellar bulge, bar, disc, and dark-matter halo and is evolved to 10 Gyr. Our model’s disc component is composed of 200 million particles, and its simulation snapshots are stored every 10 Myr, enabling us to resolve and classify resonant orbits of representative samples of stars. After choosing the Sun’s position in the simulation, we compare the distribution of stars in its neighbourhood with Gaia’s astrometric data, thereby establishing the role of identified resonantly trapped stars in the formation of Hercules-like structures. From our orbital spectral-analysis, we identify multiple, especially higher order resonances. Our results suggest that the Hercules stream is dominated by the 4:1 and 5:1 outer Lindblad and corotation resonances. In total, this yields a trimodal structure of the Hercules stream. From the relation between resonances and ridges in phase space, our model favoured a slow pattern speed of the Milky-Way bar (40–45 $\mathrm{km \, s^{-1} \, kpc^{-1}}$).
Asteroseismic inference of subgiant evolutionary parameters with deep learning
Authors: Hon Marc , Bellinger Earl P , Hekker Saskia , Stello Dennis , Kuszlewicz James S 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
With the observations of an unprecedented number of oscillating subgiant stars expected from NASA’s TESS mission, the asteroseismic characterization of subgiant stars will be a vital task for stellar population studies and for testing our theories of stellar evolution. To determine the fundamental properties of a large sample of subgiant stars efficiently, we developed a deep learning method that estimates distributions of fundamental parameters like age and mass over a wide range of input physics by learning from a grid of stellar models varied in eight physical parameters. We applied our method to four Kepler subgiant stars and compare our results with previously determined estimates. Our results show good agreement with previous estimates for three of them (KIC 11026764, KIC 10920273, KIC 11395018). With the ability to explore a vast range of stellar parameters, we determine that the remaining star, KIC 10005473, is likely to have an age 1 Gyr younger than its previously determined estimate. Our method also estimates the efficiency of overshooting, undershooting, and microscopic diffusion processes, from which we determined that the parameters governing such processes are generally poorly constrained in subgiant models. We further demonstrate our method’s utility for ensemble asteroseismology by characterizing a sample of 30 Kepler subgiant stars, where we find a majority of our age, mass, and radius estimates agree within uncertainties from more computationally expensive grid-based modelling techniques.
Heliospheric energetic neutral atoms: Non-stationary modelling and comparison with IBEX-Hi data
Authors: Baliukin I I , Izmodenov V V , Alexashov D B 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
The interstellar boundary explorer (IBEX) has been measuring fluxes of the energetic neutral atoms (ENAs) using the IBEX-Hi (0.3–6 keV) instrument since 2008. We have developed a numerical time-depended code to calculate globally distributed flux (GDF) of hydrogen ENAs employing both (1) 3D kinetic-MHD model of the global heliosphere and (2) reconstruction of atom trajectories from 1 au, where they are observed by IBEX, to the point of their origin in the inner heliosheath (IHS). The key factor in the simulation is a detailed kinetic consideration of the pickup ions (PUIs), the supra-thermal component of protons in the heliosphere, which is ‘parental’ to the ENAs and originates in the region of the supersonic solar wind being picked by the heliospheric magnetic field. As a result of our study, we have concluded that (1) the developed model is able to reproduce the geometry of the multilobe structure seen in the IBEX-Hi GDF maps, (2) the GDF is extremely sensitive to the form of the velocity distribution function of PUIs in the IHS, and the accounting for the existence of an additional energetic population of PUIs is essential to explain the data, (3) despite a relatively good agreement, there are some quantitative differences between the model calculations and IBEX-Hi data. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.
New high-frequency radio observations of the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant with the Italian radio telescopes
Authors: Loru S , Pellizzoni A , Egron E , Ingallinera A , Morlino G , Celli S , Umana G , Trigilio C , Leto P , Iacolina M N , Righini S , Reich P , Mulas S , Marongiu M , Pilia M , Melis A , Concu R , Bufano F , Buemi C , Cavallaro F , Riggi S , Schillirò F 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Supernova remnants (SNRs) represent a powerful laboratory to study the cosmic ray acceleration processes at shocks, and their relation to the properties of the circumstellar medium. With the aim of studying the high-frequency radio emission and investigating the energy distribution of accelerated electrons and the magnetic field conditions, we performed single-dish observations of the large and complex Cygnus Loop SNR from 7.0–24.8 GHz with the Medicina and Sardinia Radio Telescopes, focusing on the northern filament (NGC 6992) and the southern shell. Both regions show a spectrum well fitted by a power-law function (S ∝ ν−α), with spectral index α = 0.45 ± 0.05 for NGC 6992 and α = 0.49 ± 0.01 for the southern shell and without any indication of a spectral break. The spectra are significantly flatter than the whole Cygnus Loop spectrum (α = 0.54 ± 0.01), suggesting a departure from the plain shock acceleration mechanisms, which for NGC 6992 could be related to the ongoing transition towards a radiative shock. We model the integrated spectrum of the whole SNR considering the evolution of the maximum energy and magnetic field amplification. Through the radio spectral parameters, we infer a magnetic field at the shock of 10 μG. This value is compatible with purely adiabatic compression of the interstellar magnetic field, suggesting that the amplification process is currently inefficient.