bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel yeast hybrid modeling framework integrating Boolean and enzyme-constrained networks enables exploration of the interplay between signaling and metabolism
Authors: Österberg Linnea , Domenzain Iván , Münch Julia , Nielsen Jens , Hohmann Stefan , Cvijovic Marija 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe interplay between nutrient-induced signaling and metabolism plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and its malfunction has been implicated in many different human diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer and neurological disorders. Therefore, unravelling the role of nutrients as signaling molecules and metabolites as well as their interconnectivity may provide a deeper understanding of how these conditions occur. Both signalling and metabolism have been extensively studied using various systems biology approaches. However, they are mainly studied individually and in addition current models lack both the complexity of the dynamics and the effects of the crosstalk in the signaling system. To gain a better understanding of the interconnectivity between nutrient signaling and metabolism, we developed a hybrid model, combining Boolean model, describing the signalling layer and the enzyme constraint model accounting for metabolism using a regulatory network as a link. The model was capable of reproducing the regulatory effects that are associated with the Crabtree effect and glucose repression. We show that using this methodology one can investigat intrinsically different systems, such as signaling and metabolism, in the same model and gain insight into how the interplay between them can have non-trivial effects by showing a connection between Snf1 signaling and chronological lifespan by the regulation of NDE and NDI usage in respiring conditions. In addition, the model showed that during fermentation, enzyme utilization is the more important factor governing the protein allocation, while in low glucose conditions robustness and control is prioritized.Author summaryElucidating the complex relationship between nutrient-induced signaling and metabolism represents a key in understanding the onset of many different human diseases like obesity, type 3 diabetes, cancer and many neurological disorders. In this work we proposed a hybrid modeling approach, combining Boolean representation of singaling pathways, like Snf11, TORC1 and PKA with the enzyme constrained model of metabolism linking them via the regulatory network. This allowed us to improve individual model predictions and elucidate how single components in the dynamic signaling layer affect the steady-state metabolism. The model has been tested under respiration and fermentation, reveling novel connections and further reproducing the regulatory effects that are associated with the Crabtree effect and glucose repression. Finally, we show a connection between Snf1 signaling and chronological lifespan by the regulation of NDE and NDI usage in respiring conditions.
Striatal BOLD and midfrontal theta power express motivation for action
Authors: Algermissen Johannes , Swart Jennifer C. , Scheeringa René , Cools Roshan , den Ouden Hanneke E.M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAction selection is biased by the valence of anticipated outcomes. To assess mechanisms by which these motivational biases are expressed and controlled, we measured simultaneous EEG-fMRI during a motivational Go/NoGo learning task (N=36), leveraging the temporal resolution of EEG and subcortical access of fMRI. VmPFC BOLD encoded cue valence, importantly predicting trial-by-trial valence-driven response speed differences and EEG theta power around cue onset. In contrast, striatal BOLD encoded selection of active Go responses and correlated with theta power around response time. Within trials, theta power ramped in the fashion of an evidence accumulation signal for the value of making a ‘Go’ response, capturing the faster responding to reward cues. Our findings reveal a dual nature of midfrontal theta power, with early components reflecting the vmPFC contribution to motivational biases, and late components reflecting their striatal translation into behavior, in line with influential recent “value of work” theories of striatal processing.
Numerical prediction of vortex trajectories and vortex–blade interaction on the CROR engine
Authors: Vinha Nuno , Vallespin David , Valero Eusebio , de Pablo Valentin , Cuesta-Lopez Santiago 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The exponential growth in computational capabilities and the increasing reliability of current simulation tools have fostered the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the design of pioneering aircraft engine architectures, such as the counter rotating open rotor (CROR) engine. Today, this design process is led by tight performance and noise constraints from a very early stage, thus requiring deep investigations of the aerodynamic and acoustic behaviour of the fluid flow. The purpose of this study is to track the trajectory of tip vortices, which is of critical importance to understand and prevent potential vortex–blade interactions with subsequent rows, as this condition strongly influences the aerodynamic and structural performance and acoustic footprints of the engine.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, a flow feature detection methodology is applied to a particular CROR test case with the goal of visualizing and tracking the development of these coherent structures from the tip of front rotating blades. The suitability and performance of four typical region-based methodologies and one line-based (LB) criteria are firstly evaluated. Then, two novel seeding methodologies are presented as an attempt to improve the performance of the LB algorithm previously investigated.

Findings
It was demonstrated that the new seeding algorithms increase the probability of the selected seeds to grow into a tip vortex line and reduce the user’s dependence upon the selection of candidate seeds, providing faster and more accurate answers during the design-to-noise iterative process.

Originality/value
Apart from the new vortex detection initialization methodologies, the paper also attempts to assist the user in the endeavour of extracting rotating structures from their own CFD simulations.
Heavy metal contamination in processed seafood and the associated health risk for Malaysian women
Authors: Jeevanaraj Pravina , Ahmad Foat Aliah , Tholib Halimah , Ahmad Nurul Izzah 
Published: September 2020

PurposeMalaysians are the highest seafood consumers in the region; be it fresh or processed. Environmental pollution has put the safety of seafood at stake, heavy metals among others. This study was done to assess the health risk associated with selected heavy metals ingestion from processed seafood.Design/methodology/approachThe most preferred processed seafood type and the intake rates were determined from a cross-sectional survey among communities in Shah Alam, Selangor (n = 90). The processed seafood were then purchased from local traders (n = 81), underwent homogenization, acid digestion (0.5 g) in Multiwave 3,000 and heavy metal quantitation (Hg, Pb, Cd, As) using ICP-MS. Estimated weekly ingestion (EWI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), lifetime cancer risk (LCR), and target risk (TR) were used to estimate the risk associated with processed seafood consumption.FindingsArsenic was the highest metal detected, acetes topping the list (10.05 ± 0.02 mg/kg). Mercury was detected at significantly higher level in salted fourfinger threadfin (0.88 ± 0.09 mg/kg) while Pb and Cd in toli shad (2.67 ± 0.16 mg/kg; 0.32 ± 0.22 mg/kg). Non-cancer risk was estimated for consumption of dried/salted food types with hazard index (HI) anchoives (5.2) > salted fourfinger threadfin (1.8) > toli shad (1.7). Besides, an unacceptable cancer risk was estimated for all food types for continuous consumption (Total risk (TR) > 10–4), except the dried acetes.Research limitations/implicationsThis study implies that although the concentration of most heavy metals were well below the permitted value, significant amount of risk present for consumption of several species. In addition, for selected heavy metals such as Hg and As, speciation analysis followed by risk assessment would provide a clearer picture.Practical implicationsThere is a need to refer back to the local permissible level of heavy metals in processed seafood and formulate safe consumption guide.Social implicationsThe food types are advised to be consumed with caution especially by the sensitive group.Originality/valueThis study estimated the risk of cancer and other non-cancer disease from processed seafood consumption among Malaysian women.
Understanding addiction, relapse and recovery amongst substance using offenders – a qualitative study informed by developmental psychological theories
Authors: Love Beverly , Vetere Arlene , Davis Paul 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Psychological developmental informed theories imply that addiction is not exclusively due to the addictive properties of the substance but that early psycho-social experiences are influential on later life. The purpose of this paper is to understand substance dependency, relapse and recovery amongst community-based substance using offenders in relation to their childhoods, relationships and significant life events, from their perspective. A key aim was to help better inform policy and practice.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative study (interpretative phenomenological analysis) was used to understand the impact of childhood, relationships and significant life events amongst (N = 17) adult ex/offenders with substance use dependency problems, (who were part of the UK Government rehabilitation programme), to understand their substance use and recovery from their own perspectives.

Findings
Four main superordinate themes were developed illustrating participants extremely adverse childhoods. Substance use was a means to cope with current and past trauma and crises and to help manage the emotions and mental health which could accompany these difficulties. Managing recovery was about learning to manage life itself, including emotions, mental health problems, trauma/responses, relationships and everyday life.

Originality/value
This group is under researched where qualitative methods have been used. The study focussed on early-psycho-social experiences and relationships and the influence of these throughout the life cycle, in relation to their substance use. The study was informed by theories often used in therapeutic settings but rarely in research, (Orford, 2008; Khantzian, 2012; Flores, 2012, Van Der Kolk, 2014).
Godrej properties: valuation using the capital cash flow technique
Authors: Rajhans Rajni Kant 
Published: September 2020

Learning outcomes
The case is focused to meet the following learning objectives: the readers will be able to recall basic cash flow estimation concepts; and the readers will be able to explain various features of capital cash flow (CCF). The participants will be able to implement the CCF model in real estate firm valuation. The participants will be able to compare CCF and free cash flow to the firm (FCFF) models. The participants will be able to evaluate the benefits of CCF over FCFF. The readers will be able to construct the CCF valuation model for firm valuation.

Case overview/synopsis
On 19th April 2019, Mr Kai, an analyst tracking real estate firms was excited to present to his team a new robust technique of firm valuation suitable for real estate companies, namely, the CCF technique and was also keen to deliberate on its application. Though the investment scope using this technique could be located in Godrej properties (GP), a reputed brand and the largest listed real estate developer by sales in 2018, yet, he was concerned about the assumptions of growth of real estate industry in India, in general, and the GP in particular. Importantly, this was because the real estate market in India was undergoing many structural changes. For instance, the buyers’ preferences were changing and unsold inventory in the industry was at its peak. Under these market conditions, an announcement was made by GP about a target return on equity of 20% in 2018–2023 expecting a dominant place in the real estate market in India, which also carried the threat of jeopardizing the reputation of GP, if under any circumstance the target was not accomplished.

Complexity academic level
Masters program.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS: 11 Strategy.
P2P rooftop rentals in Barcelona: a descriptive analysis
Authors: Anguera-Torrell Oriol , Arcos-Pumarola Jordi , Cerdan Schwitzguébel Aurélie , Encinar-Prat Laia 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the disruption potential on the daily life of Barcelona’s residents of HolaPlace, a new peer-to-peer (P2P) marketplace for terraces and rooftops. Specifically, it describes its listings’ characteristics and examines their geographical overlapping with signs of tourism-related disruption on residents’ quality of life.

Design/methodology/approach
Available data of the listings in this P2P platform has been scraped in November 2019. This data has been combined with two other sources of information that provide information on the tourism intensity in the different neighbourhoods of the city. The obtained information has been examined using quantitative and qualitative techniques.

Findings
P2P rooftops and terraces tend to be located in the same neighbourhoods that were already experiencing a high concentration of tourism activity. Moreover, the identified characteristics of the listings suggest that the rental of these terraces and rooftops might impact on the daily life of the residents.

Research limitations/implications
This study has only examined the offer of P2P terraces and rooftops in Barcelona. Further studies should also take into account how this business model affects other cities, and how it impacts on residents.

Social implications
The conducted analysis highlights the importance of a proactive regulation of this new P2P phenomenon that anticipates the potential socials costs on the daily life of residents.

Originality/value
The rental of terraces and rooftops in a P2P fashion is a novel phenomenon and, consequently, it has not been previously studied from an academic point of view.
China in transition towards a circular economy: from policy to practice
Authors: Zhao Yuhong 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine China's approach to circular economy (CE) and investigate how the foreign concept of CE has been turned into a national strategy for implementation in production, circulation and consumption. This study aims to highlight the Chinese characteristics in the implementation of CE from central to local levels including the “trial and test” by pilot schemes and the role of local governments in CE transformation of industrial parks and in building CE cities. Based on what has been achieved, this paper aims to identify the gaps to be filled in the next stage of CE implementation.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper engages in critical analysis of state policies, plans, laws and regulations and case studies of Suzhou New District and Shanghai city in the building CE-oriented industrial park and CE city, respectively.

Findings
China has taken a top-down approach to CE characterised by strong government involvement in both policy and plan making and implementation at local levels. The government’s financial investment and administrative assistance proved to be crucial in the early stage of CE implementation to close the loop at industrial parks and in cities. In comparison, participation by enterprises and individuals is still weak and limited, which should be the focus of the next stage of CE implementation.

Originality/value
There is an absence of legal literature that studies circular economy in China. This paper fills the gap by examining the development of CE law and policy as well as CE implementation at local levels from industrial parks to cities.
Proactive policing in the United States: a national survey
Authors: Koper Christopher S. , Lum Cynthia , Wu Xiaoyun , Fritz Noah 
Published: September 2020

PurposeTo measure the practice and management of proactive policing in local American police agencies and assess them in comparison to recommendations of the National Academies of Sciences (NAS) Committee on Proactive Policing.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted with a national sample of American police agencies having 100 or more sworn officers to obtain detailed information about the types of proactive work that officers engage in, to quantify their proactive work and to understand how the agencies measure and manage those activities. Responding agencies (n = 180) were geographically diverse and served populations of approximately half a million persons on average.FindingsProactivity as practiced is much more limited in scope than what the NAS envisions. Most agencies track only a few forms of proactivity and cannot readily estimate how much uncommitted time officers have available for proactive work. Measured proactivity is mostly limited to traffic stops, business and property checks and some form of directed or general preventive patrol. Many agencies have no formal policy in place to define or guide proactive activities, nor do they evaluate officer performance on proactivity with a detailed and deliberate rubric.Originality/valueThis is the first national survey that attempts to quantify proactive policing as practiced broadly in the United States. It provides context to the NAS recommendations and provides knowledge about the gap between practice and those recommendations.
Diagnostic accuracy of 14‐3‐3 η protein in rheumatoid arthritis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Decai , Cui Yalan , Lei Huiren , Cao Ding , Tang Guoting , Huang Haiming , Yuan Ting , Rao Lizong , Mo Biwen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate the overall diagnostic performance of 14‐3‐3 η protein in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched to acquire eligible studies. Articles published in English before 20 February 2020 were included. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 was used to evaluate the risk of bias and application concern of the included articles. Pooled analysis of diagnostic indicators of 14‐3‐3 η protein for RA was conducted by using a random effects model. Subgroup analysis was used to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test was used to evaluate for the presence of publication bias.ResultsA total of 13 studies (1554 positive and 1934 negative participants) were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.73 (95% CI 0.71‐0.75) and 0.88 (95% CI 0.87‐0.90), respectively. The pooled positive/negative likelihood were 5.98 (95% CI 4.39‐8.14) and 0.28 (95% CI 0.21‐0.37), respectively. In addition, the pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 23.48 (95% CI 13.76‐40.08) and the area under curve was 0.9245. The results of subgroup analysis indicated that ethnicity and control group might be the source of heterogeneity. The results of sensitivity analysis were stable. No significant publication bias was found.ConclusionsThe current evidence indicated that 14‐3‐3 η protein has moderate accuracy for the diagnosis of RA.
Comorbidity, not patient age, is associated with impaired safety outcomes in vedolizumab‐ and ustekinumab‐treated patients with inflammatory bowel disease—a prospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Asscher Vera E. R. , Biemans Vince B. C. , Pierik Marieke J. , Dijkstra Gerard , Löwenberg Mark , van der Marel Sander , de Boer Nanne K. H. , Bodelier Alexander G. L. , Jansen Jeroen M. , West Rachel L. , Haans Jeoffrey J. L. , van Dop Willemijn A. , Weersma Rinse K. , Hoentjen Frank , Maljaars P. W. Jeroen ,   the Dutch Initiative on Crohn and Colitis (ICC)
Published: September 2020

SummaryBackgroundFew data are available on the effects of age and comorbidity on treatment outcomes of vedolizumab and ustekinumab in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).AimsTo evaluate the association between age and comorbidity with safety and effectiveness outcomes of vedolizumab and ustekinumab in IBD.MethodsIBD patients initiating vedolizumab or ustekinumab in regular care were enrolled prospectively. Comorbidity prevalence was assessed using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Association between age and CCI, both continuously assessed, with safety outcomes (any infection, hospitalisation, adverse events) during treatment, and effectiveness outcomes (clinical response and remission, corticosteroid‐free remission, clinical remission combined with biochemical remission) after 52 weeks of treatment were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for confounders.ResultsWe included 203 vedolizumab‐ and 207 ustekinumab‐treated IBD patients, mean age 42.2 (SD 16.0) and 41.6 (SD 14.4). Median treatment duration 54.0 (IQR 19.9‐104.0) and 48.4 (IQR 24.4‐55.1) weeks, median follow‐up time 104.0 (IQR 103.1‐104.0) and 52.0 weeks (IQR 49.3‐100.4). On vedolizumab, CCI associated independently with any infection (OR 1.387, 95% CI 1.022‐1.883, P = 0.036) and hospitalisation (OR 1.586, 95% CI 1.127‐2.231, P = 0.008). On ustekinumab, CCI associated independently with hospitalisation (OR 1.621, 95% CI 1.034‐2.541, P = 0.035). CCI was not associated with effectiveness, and age was not associated with any outcomes.ConclusionsComorbidity ‐ but not age ‐ is associated with an increased risk of hospitalisations on either treatment, and with any infection on vedolizumab. This underlines the importance of comorbidity assessment and safety monitoring of IBD patients.
A long non‐coding RNA (Lrap) modulates brain gene expression and levels of alcohol consumption in rats
Authors: Saba Laura M. , Hoffman Paula L. , Homanics Gregg E. , Mahaffey Spencer , Daulatabad Swapna Vidhur , Janga Sarath Chandra , Tabakoff Boris 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLncRNAs are important regulators of quantitative and qualitative features of the transcriptome. We have used QTL and other statistical analyses to identify a gene coexpression module associated with alcohol consumption. The “hub gene” of this module, Lrap (Long non‐coding RNA for alcohol preference), was an unannotated transcript resembling a lncRNA. We used partial correlation analyses to establish that Lrap is a major contributor to the integrity of the coexpression module. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we disrupted an exon of Lrap in Wistar rats. Measures of alcohol consumption in wild type, heterozygous and knockout rats showed that disruption of Lrap produced increases in alcohol consumption/alcohol preference. The disruption of Lrap also produced changes in expression of over 700 other transcripts. Furthermore, it became apparent that Lrap may have a function in alternative splicing of the affected transcripts. The GO category of “Response to Ethanol” emerged as one of the top candidates in an enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed transcripts. We validate the role of Lrap as a mediator of alcohol consumption by rats, and also implicate Lrap as a modifier of the expression and splicing of a large number of brain transcripts. A defined subset of these transcripts significantly impacts alcohol consumption by rats (and possibly humans). Our work shows the pleiotropic nature of non‐coding elements of the genome, the power of network analysis in identifying the critical elements influencing phenotypes, and the fact that not all changes produced by genetic editing are critical for the concomitant changes in phenotype.