bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal bleeding in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients: a propensity score matched cohort study
Authors: Trindade Arvind Julius , Izard Stephanie , Coppa Kevin , Hirsch Jamie S. , Lee Calvin , Satapathy Sanjaya K. ,   the Northwell COVID‐19 Research Consortium
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsGastrointestinal (GI) bleeding has been observed amongst patients hospitalized with COVID‐19. Recently, anticoagulation has shown to decrease mortality, but it is unclear whether this contributes to increased GI bleeding. The aims of this study are: (i) to examine whether there are risk factors for GI bleeding in COVID‐19 patients and (ii) to study whether there is a mortality difference between hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 with and without GI bleeding.MethodsThis is a propensity score matched case–control study from a large health system in the New York metropolitan area between March 1st and April 27th. COVID‐19 patients with GI bleeding were matched 1:1 to COVID‐19 patients without bleeding using a propensity score that took into account comorbidities, demographics, GI bleeding risk factors and length of stay.ResultsOf 11, 158 hospitalized with COVID‐19, 314 patients were identified with GI bleeding. The point prevalence of GI bleeding was 3%. There were no identifiable risk factors for GI bleeding. Use of anticoagulation medication or antiplatelet agents was not associated with increased risk of GI bleeding in COVID‐19 patients. For patients who developed a GI bleed during the hospitalization, there was an increased mortality risk in the GI bleeding group (OR 1.58, P = 0.02).ConclusionUse of anticoagulation or antiplatelet agents was not risk factors for GI bleeding in a large cohort of hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. Those with GI bleeding during the hospitalization had increased mortality.
An intersectional analysis of the feminization of homelessness and mothers’ housing precarity
Authors: Bullock Heather E. , Reppond Harmony A. , Truong Shirley V. , Singh Melina R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA network of interlocking systems of racialized, classed, and gendered oppression contributes to the “feminization of homelessness.” Unequal and low pay, unpaid caregiving, lack of affordable housing, discrimination, a weak safety net, punitive welfare and public housing policies, and intimate partner violence (IPV) are among the many factors that contribute to women's homelessness. Despite their intersections, these factors are often considered in isolation. Arguing for movement away from single‐axis conceptualizations of women's homelessness, we offer an intersectional analysis of mothers’ pathways into homelessness that foregrounds structural inequalities, highlights relational power dynamics, and reveals multilevel intersections of identity and experience. Drawing on two complementary interview studies, we explore two interrelated pathways into homelessness: (1) IPV as a gendered, racialized, and classed experience that contributes to economic and housing precarity; and (2) intersections of weak and restrictive safety net programs with raced, classed, and gendered “discipline.” We trace how privilege and disadvantage cumulate across women's lives and how institutional and relational power intersect with common “shocks” (e.g., eviction, loss of employment). We attend closely to the racialized and gendered dynamics of economic abuse; how gender, race, class, and motherhood shape pathways into homelessness; and how these intersections inform institutional responses to economic and housing precarity.
A critical deconstructed quantitative analysis: Sexual and gender minority stress through an intersectional lens
Authors: Williams Stacey L. , Job Sarah A. , Todd Emerson , Braun Kelsey 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study puts forth a critical deconstructed quantitative analysis process that systematically interrogated elements of a quantitative study (research questions/hypotheses, sample, measures, analysis, interpretation) in an effort to evaluate and improve intersectional research on sexual and gender minority stress and mental health. Our quantitative study used minority stress processes (anticipated discrimination, social support) as indirect explanations for mental health disparities found between: (1) sexual and gender minorities (n = 167), and (2) sexual minorities only (n = 148) and explored community connectedness as a moderator of these processes. We then applied Cole's (2009) intersectionality framework questions in our critical deconstructed analysis to evaluate our study. Our quantitative results revealed sexual and gender minorities (compared to sexual minorities only) were at risk for worse mental health due to increased exposure to minority stress processes. However, findings were tempered by limitations, which became evident when systematically evaluating our study using an intersectionality framework. We offer recommendations for future minority stress research and policy, including that researchers implement a critical deconstructed quantitative analysis a priori when designing quantitative studies, in order to better apply an intersectionality framework and improve research.
Intersectionality as a radical framework for transforming our disciplines, social issues, and the world
Authors: Overstreet Nicole M. , Rosenthal Lisa , Case Kim A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this introduction to the special issue on Applications of Intersectionality to Critical Social Issues, we assert that a psychological study of social issues that seeks to move toward social justice, equity, and liberation must embrace intersectionality's radical core. This requires constant critical inquiry and praxis centered on power, including how we shape power and how power shapes us. The both/and logics of intersectionality are particularly essential, as we can exist in both oppressive and liberatory ecosystems simultaneously, and we must reflect and act on this to achieve intersectionality's transformative potential. We outline ways that the articles in this special issue offer ways of “doing” intersectionality in psychology and allied fields, while also acknowledging the issue's limitations and potential replication of the status quo. We also offer personal reflections on our journeys with intersectionality in hopes of contributing to radical transformation of ourselves, our disciplines, social issues, and the world.
Meaningful Engagement to Save Lives ‐ Working relationship of a service user organisation with police and mental health services
Authors: Chambers Jennifer 
Published: December 2020

Accessible SummaryWhat is known?

Police and mental health services benefit from meaningful service user engagement.

Partnerships with organizations that are representative of community members—such as service users—are the most empowering model of collaboration.

What this paper adds?

Describes how a service user organization can effectively advocate for change in the policing and mental health systems through both mutual collaboration and external pressure.

Implications for practice?

Methods of creating change that can save lives through partnerships with service user organizations can be applied by service user organizations, police and mental health services.

The methods described have the potential to reduce deaths and injury as a result of police action or mental healthcare practices
PTX3 gene polymorphism associated with cryptococcosis in HIV‐uninfected Chinese patients
Authors: Zhang Weili , Liao Quanfeng , Liu Ya , Wu Siying , Deng Jin , Xiao Yuling , Ma Ying , Xie Yi , Kang Mei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundFor Chinese Han populations, cryptococcosis are more likely to occur in HIV‐uninfected patients instead of HIV‐infected patients compared with other countries and regions, implying that there may be genetic predisposing factors for cryptococcosis in the Chinese Han populations. However, the retail mechanism has not been clarified.ObjectivesWe aimed to conduct an association analysis between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of pattern recognition receptors (PRR) genes and the susceptibility to cryptococcosis in HIV‐uninfected Chinese patients, which may provide new genetic predisposing factors for early‐risk prediction of disease, individualised treatment and prognosis monitoring.Patients/methodsUsing the SNaPshot SNP typing technique, eight SNPs of PRR genes (Dectin‐2, Dectin‐1, PTX3, CXCL8, IL12B, IFIH1, TLR1 and CD209) were typed on 97 HIV‐uninfected cryptococcosis patients and 120 healthy controls who admitted to West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China, from 1 March 2018 to 30 December 2018. The results were analysed by the SHEsis software and SPSS 20.0 software.ResultsIt was found that that PTX3 rs2305619 polymorphism was associated with cryptococcosis in HIV‐uninfected patients. Compared with the GG genotype, AA genotype increased the risk of cryptococcosis in HIV‐uninfected patients (p = .015, OR, 2.579; 95% CI, 1.202–5.535). In the immunocompetent patients, the AA genotype had a higher risk (p = .002, OR, 4.399; 95% CI, 1.745–11.088). Further verification found that the plasma PTX3 level of the AA genotype was significantly higher than the GA or GG genotype (60.28 ± 16.12 vs 7.32 ± 0.79, p < .001).ConclusionsPTX3 rs2305619 polymorphism was associated with cryptococcosis in HIV‐uninfected Chinese patients. The AA genotype increased the risk of cryptococcosis, and its plasma PTX3 level was significantly higher than that of GA or GG genotype.
Genetic knockdown of Klk8 has sex‐specific multi‐targeted therapeutic effects on Alzheimer’s pathology in mice
Authors: Herring Arne , Kurapati Nirup K. , Krebs Sofia , Grammon Nils , Scholz Luisa M. , Voss Gerrit , Miah Muhammad R. , Budny Vanessa , Mairinger Fabian , Haase Katharina , Teuber‐Hanselmann Sarah , Dobersalske Celia , Schramm Sara , Jöckel Karl‐Heinz , Münster Yvonne , Keyvani Kathy 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTAimsPrevious work in our lab has identified the protease kallikrein‐8 (KLK8) as a potential upstream mover in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We showed pathologically elevated levels of KLK8 in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood of patients with mild cognitive impairment or dementia due to AD, and in brains of patients and transgenic CRND8 (TgCRND8) mice in incipient stages of the disease. Furthermore, short‐term antibody‐mediated KLK8 inhibition in moderate stage disease alleviated AD pathology in female mice. However, it remains to be shown whether long‐term reversal of KLK8 overexpression can also counteract AD. Therefore, the effects of genetic Klk8‐knockdown were determined in TgCRND8 mice.MethodsThe effects of heterozygous ablation of murine Klk8 (mKlk8) gene on AD pathology of both sexes were examined by crossbreeding TgCRND8 [hAPP+/−] with mKlk8‐knockdown [mKlk8+/−] mice resulting in animals with or without AD pathology which revealed pathologically elevated or normal KLK8 levels.ResultsmKlk8‐knockdown had negligible effects on wildtype animals but led to significant decline of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathology as well as an improvement of structural neuroplasticity in a sex‐specific manner in transgenics. These changes were mediated by a shift to non‐amyloidogenic cleavage of the human amyloid precursor protein (APP), recovery of the neurovascular unit and maintaining microglial metabolic fitness. Mechanistically, Klk8‐knockdown improved Aβ phagocytosis in primary glia and Aβ resistance in primary neurons. Most importantly, transgenic mice revealed less anxiety and a better memory performance.ConclusionsThese results reinforce the potential of KLK8 as a therapeutic target in AD.
Applied Anthropology, Activism, and Loss: Experiences from highland Guatemala
Authors: Hall‐Clifford Rachel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this essay, I contemplate the ethics of community engagement based on my work as an applied medical anthropologist in Guatemala. During my dissertation fieldwork in a highland community, I lived with a local Mayan family, and our lives together centered on discussing their goals, community organizing, and strategies for improving indigenous rights. I describe how the relationships I built with this family and the social justice work happening in the community gave me a sense of purpose as an applied anthropologist. At the time, it seemed like participatory and collaborative research at its best. A year later, an adult son of the local family was murdered for his community work, calling into question the notions of progress and advocacy. Here, I discuss my struggle with the moral imperative of applied anthropologists to support the human rights of local communities in counterbalance to our ethical obligation to protect research collaborators.
Rapid responses of root traits and productivity to phosphorus and cation additions in a tropical lowland forest in Amazonia
Authors: Lugli Laynara F. , Rosa Jessica S. , Andersen Kelly M. , Di Ponzio Raffaello , Almeida Renata V. , Pires Maria , Cordeiro Amanda L. , Cunha Hellen F.V. , Martins Nathielly P. , Assis Rafael L. , Moraes Anna C.M. , Souza Sheila T. , Aragão Luiz E.O.C. , Camargo Jose. L. , Fuchslueger Lucia , Schaap Karst J. , Valverde‐Barrantes Oscar J. , Meir Patrick , Quesada Carlos A. , Mercado Lina M. , Hartley Iain P. 
Published: December 2020

Summary

Soil nutrient availability can strongly affect root traits. In tropical forests, phosphorus (P) is often considered the main limiting nutrient for plants. However, support for the P paradigm is limited, and N and cations might also control tropical forests functioning.

We used a large‐scale experiment to determine how the factorial addition of nitrogen (N), P and cations affected root productivity and traits related to nutrient acquisition strategies (morphological traits, phosphatase activity, arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation and nutrient contents) in a primary rainforest growing on low‐fertility soils in Central Amazonia after 1 yr of fertilisation.

Multiple root traits and productivity were affected. Phosphorus additions increased annual root productivity and root diameter, but decreased root phosphatase activity. Cation additions increased root productivity at certain times of year, also increasing root diameter and mycorrhizal colonisation. P and cation additions increased their element concentrations in root tissues. No responses were detected with N addition.

Here we showed that rock‐derived nutrients determined root functioning in low‐fertility Amazonian soils, demonstrating not only the hypothesised importance of P, but also highlighting the role of cations. The changes in fine root traits and productivity indicated that even slow‐growing tropical rainforests can respond rapidly to changes in resource availability.
Evaluation of modified cold‐atmospheric pressure plasma (MCAP) for the treatment of peri‐implantitis in beagles
Authors: Zhou Xincai , Wu Donglei , Liang Defeng , Zhang Wenhao , Shi Qi , Cao Yingguang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effect of adjunctive use of modified cold‐atmospheric pressure plasma (MCAP) to surgically mechanical debridement (MD) on peri‐implantitis (PI) in beagles.Material and MethodsBilateral mandibles of beagles with PI, which induced by cotton ligature twined with steel in sub‐marginal around the implant, were randomly divided into two groups: MD in conjunction with 2% CHX irrigation (control group) and MD with adjunctive intervention of MCAP (plasma group). Sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing depth (PD) and bone height (BH) were examined before and after intervention using computed tomography and histological staining. Additionally, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐17 levels in peri‐implant sulcular fluid (PISF) were measured by ELISA.ResultsA significant improvement in SBI, PD and BH was found in the plasma group (p < .05) when compared with the control group after three months of intervention. In addition, IL‐1β and IL‐17, but not IL‐6 levels decreased (p < .05) in the plasma group compared with the control group after intervention.ConclusionsThe adjunctive use of MCAP to MD for PI can enhance bone formation around the implant and inhibit the inflammatory response. The application of MCAP could be considered a favourable adjunct to MD for PI.
Quantitative Sensory Testing Discriminates Central Sensitization Inventory Scores in Participants with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Zafereo Jason , Wang‐Price Sharon , Kandil Enas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) is often used in clinical settings to screen for the presence of central sensitization. However, various cutoff scores have been reported for this tool, and scores have not been consistently associated with widespread pain sensitivity as measured with quantitative sensory testing (QST). The purpose of this study was to compare QST profiles among asymptomatic controls and participants with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP), and to determine the association between self‐report questionnaires and QST in participants with CMP.MethodsTwenty asymptomatic controls and 46 participants with CMP completed the CSI, PROMIS‐29, and QST assessments of mechanical and thermal pain thresholds remote to the area of pain. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis revealed a cutoff score of 33.5 for the CSI. PROMIS‐29 Quality of Life (QOL) inventory and QST measures were compared between low and high CSI groups.ResultsThe high CSI group (n = 19) had significantly lower mechanical and thermal pain thresholds, and larger impairments in QOL measures, compared to the low CSI group (n = 27) and asymptomatic controls. Participants with CSI scores < 33.5 presented similarly to asymptomatic controls. Anxiety, pain interference, and CSI scores demonstrated the highest number of significant associations to QST measures.ConclusionA cutoff score of 33.5 on the CSI may be useful for discriminating widespread pain sensitivity and quality of life impairments in participants with CMP. Future studies should consider how the presence of high or low CSI may impact differential diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment responsiveness for patients with primary or secondary CMP.
Strategic use of Iranian bread wheat landrace accessions for genetic improvement: Core set formulation and validation
Authors: Vikram Prashant , Franco Jorge , Burgueño Juan , Li Huihui , Sehgal Deepmala , Saint‐Pierre Carolina , Ortiz Cynthia , Singh Vaibhav Kumar , Sneller Clay , Sharma Achla , Tattaris Maria , Guzman Carlos , Pena Javier , Sansaloni Carolina Paola , Serna Jaime Amador Campos , Thiyagarajan Karthikeyan , Fuentes Davila Guillermo , Reynolds Matthew , Sonder Kai , Govindan Velu , Ellis Marc , Bhavani Sridhar , Jalal Kamali Mohammad R. , Roosatei Mozaffar , Singh Sanjay , Basandrai Daisy , Bains Navtej Singh , Basandrai Ashwani , Payne Thomas , Crossa José , Singh Sukhwinder 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIranian wheat landrace accessions (IWAs) were collected from country‐wide farm fields and market places in 1935 by a professor at the University of Tehran and shared with University of California at Davis, California. IWAs were further submitted to the genebank of International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico. 2,403 IWAs from CIMMYT’s genebank were assayed by DArT‐seq technology to assess genetic diversity. No apparent ecogeographic patterns related to genetic diversity were detected, probably due to long‐term transport and frequent interchange of landraces among farmers. A multivariate clustering procedure combining genotypic and phenotypic information was used in selecting a core‐set, which represented 15% of the hexaploid wheat accessions included in this study. This subset captured an estimated 93% of rare (frequency <0.05) alleles. Multisite phenotypic data (India, Mexico) validated the ability of the core‐set in detecting useful variants. Potential donor accessions for multiple traits (disease resistance, zinc concentration) were identified from the core‐set for wheat‐breeding. This report illustrates a breeder friendly robust core‐set formulation strategy for harnessing the useful genetic variation stored in the genebanks.
Molecular basis of Iron Biofortification in crop plants; A step towards sustainability
Authors: Rehman Attiq ur , Masood Sara , Khan Naqib Ullah , Abbasi Muhammad Ejaz , Hussain Zawar , Ali Ihtisham 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIron is one of the most important micronutrients for crop plants due to its use in important physiological processes such as photosynthesis, mitochondrial respiration, metal homeostasis, and chlorophyll synthesis. Crop plants have adapted different strategies for uptake, transport, accumulation, and storage of iron in tissues and organs which later can be consumed by humans. Estimates indicate that about 2 billion people (33% of human population) are at risk of iron deficiency in which infants, children, and pregnant women are potentially compromised. Biofortification refers to the increase in concentration of micronutrients in edible parts of plants and understanding the pathways for iron accumulation in plants is necessary for breeding iron‐enriched crops. Iron‐biofortified crops are also one of the key factors in achieving multiple United Nations Sustainable Development goals. This review article covers different strategies of iron acquisition and transport in plants, its bioavailability, coping with the iron deficiency as a global perspective, the current status of iron biofortification, and how breeding future biofortified crops could be helpful in combating the said issue in a sustainable manner.
Tinea pedis in a child: How reflectance confocal microscopy can help in diagnosis of dermatophytosis
Authors: Cantelli Mariateresa , Capasso Gianmarco , Costanzo Luca , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Gallo Lucia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA 7‐year‐old girl presented with a hyperkeratotic scale on the plantar surface of her left foot. A microscopic potassium hydroxide examination was performed and negative. Reflectance confocal microscopy was performed showing fungal hyphae and an inflammatory infiltrate confirming a diagnosis of tinea pedis.