bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of various organic fibers on the stiffness, strength and impact resistance of polypropylene; a comparison
Authors: Várdai Róbert , Ferdinánd Milán , Lummerstorfer Thomas , Pretschuh Claudia , Jerabek Michael , Gahleitner Markus , Faludi Gábor , Móczó János , Pukánszky Béla 
Published: August 2020

AbstractComposites were prepared from a polypropylene homopolymer and four types of organic fibers, wood, flax, poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Mechanical properties were studied by tensile and impact testing, and structure by scanning electron microscopy. Local deformation processes were followed by acoustic emission testing. Composite strength changes in a wide range and depends on coupling. The deformability of the composites also varies considerably, more plastic deformation occurring in composites prepared with the PET and PVA fibers. Compared to traditional stiff fibers, fracture resistance can be improved significantly with PET and PVA fibers; impact strength as large as 30 kJ m–2 can be achieved with PVA. © 2020 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Bereavement risk screening: A pathway to psychosocial oncology care
Authors: Roberts Kailey E. , Jankauskaite Greta , Slivjak Elizabeth , Rubin Lisa , Schachter Sherry , Stabler Stacy , Wiener Lori , Prigerson Holly G. , Lichtenthal Wendy G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis qualitative study sought to obtain feedback from stakeholder cancer caregivers and bereaved family members on the implementation of bereavement risk screening in oncology.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 38 family members of patients with advanced cancer (n = 12) and bereaved family members (n = 26) on when and how to effectively implement bereavement risk screening. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsMany participants indicated that they would be open to completing a self‐report screening measure before and after the patient's death. Several suggested screening at multiple timepoints and the importance of follow‐up. Participants viewed screening as an opportunity to connect to psychosocial support.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that family members appear supportive of sensitively approached bereavement risk screening before and after a patient's death as an important component of quality psychosocial care. To optimize implementation, bereavement risk screening would involve screening at multiple timepoints and include follow‐up. Findings suggest standardized risk screening using a brief, validated self‐report tool would be a pragmatic approach to increasing access to bereavement care.
Sleep quality and prostate cancer aggressiveness: Results from the REDUCE trial
Authors: Wiggins Emily K. , Oyekunle Taofik , Howard Lauren E. , Markt Sarah C. , Mucci Lorelei A. , Bliwise Donald L. , Moreira Daniel M. , Andriole Gerald L. , Hopp Martin L. , Freedland Stephen J. , Allott Emma H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundDisrupted sleep has been associated with increased risk of certain cancers. Little data exist in prostate cancer. We tested the association between sleep quality and prostate cancer diagnosis overall and by tumor grade in the Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events chemoprevention trial. We hypothesized that worse sleep quality would be associated with increased tumor aggressiveness.MethodsAt baseline, 5614 men completed a validated six‐item questionnaire on sleep quality. We generated a composite score categorized into tertiles to measure overall sleep quality and assessed each sleep quality question individually. Logistic regression was used to test associations between baseline sleep quality and overall, low‐grade and high‐grade prostate cancer diagnosis at 2‐year study‐mandated biopsy. Models were stratified by nocturia.ResultsOverall sleep quality was unrelated to overall or low‐grade prostate cancer. Worse overall sleep quality was associated with elevated odds of high‐grade prostate cancer (odds ratio [OR]T3vsT1 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.83‐1.60 and ORT2vsT1 1.39; 95% CI: 1.01‐1.92). Men reporting trouble falling asleep at night sometimes vs never had elevated odds of high‐grade prostate cancer (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.08‐2.09) while trouble staying awake during the day was associated with decreased odds of low‐grade prostate cancer (OR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.49‐0.86). Results were similar within strata of nocturia severity.ConclusionsOverall, associations between sleep quality and prostate cancer were inconsistent. However, there was some evidence for a positive association between insomnia and high‐grade prostate cancer, and an inverse relationship between daytime sleepiness and low‐grade prostate cancer; findings that should be validated by future studies.
Molecular electrostatic potential at nuclear position as a new concept in evaluation of the substitution effects of intramolecular B/N frustrated Lewis pairs in H2 splitting and CO2 reduction
Authors: Sabet‐Sarvestani Hossein , Izadyar Mohammad , Eshghi Hossein 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the efficiency and effectiveness of some of the intramolecular boron‐nitrogen frustrated Lewis pairs (B/N‐FLPs) as metal‐free organocatalysts in CO2 conversion. A two‐step mechanism was considered for the catalytic reaction, including the hydrogen splitting by the FLPs (step 1) and reduction reaction by the hydrogenated FLPs (FLPH2s) (step 2). The boron atom in the studied FLPs is bonded to various substituents, which have substantial effects on the performance of the B atom as a Lewis acid. The studied FLPs are classified into two distinguished categories. The quantum theory of atoms in molecules method and natural bond orbital analyses showed that more occupation of the p orbital of boron by the substituted groups causes the reluctance of the boron atom in hydrogen splitting and acceptation of electron density of the hydride ion. However, molecular electrostatic potential at the nuclear positions was used as a novel descriptor in justification of the kinetic behavior of FLPs in hydrogen splitting and reduction reactions. Obtained ΔΔVn values in the donor‐acceptor interacting system, as an outcome of the electrostatic potential concept, show a remarkable linear correlation with the calculated barrier energies (∆G≠) of hydrogen splitting and reduction reactions. This linear correlation can be observed for ΔΔVn values vs electron localization function and localized orbital locator of the developing bond at transition states 1 and 2. Finally, it is concluded that similar activation energies for hydrogen splitting and reduction reactions can be an appropriate criterion for the performance and efficacy of the studied FLPs in the overall reaction.
An emerging powerful technique for distinguishing isomers: Trapped ion mobility spectrometry time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry for rapid characterization of estrogen isomers
Authors: Delvaux Aurélie , Rathahao‐Paris Estelle , Alves Sandra 
Published: August 2020

RationaleIsomer metabolites are involved in metabolic pathways, and their characterization is essential but remains challenging even using high‐performance analytical platforms. The addition of ion mobility prior to mass analysis can help to separate isomers. Here, the ability of a recently developed trapped ion mobility spectrometry system to separate metabolite isomers was examined.MethodsThree pairs of estrogen isomers were studied as a model of isomeric metabolites under both negative and positive electrospray ionization (ESI) modes using a commercial trapped ion mobility spectrometry‐TOF mass spectrometer. The standard metabolites were also spiked into human urine to evaluate the efficiency of trapped ion mobility spectrometry to separate isomers in complex mixtures.ResultsThe estradiol glucuronide isomers (E2β‐3G and E2β‐17G) could be distinguished as deprotonated species, while the estradiol epimers (E2β and E2α) and the methoxyestradiol isomers (2‐MeO‐E2β and 4‐MeO‐E2β) were separated as lithiated adducts in positive ionization mode. When performing analyses in the urine matrix, no alteration in the ion mobility resolving power was observed and the measured collision cross section (CCS) values varied by less than 1.0%.ConclusionsThe trapped ion mobility spectrometry‐TOF mass spectrometer enabled the separation of the metabolite isomers with very small differences in CCS values (ΔCCS% = 2%). It is shown to be an effective tool for the rapid characterization of isomers in complex matrices.
Co‐diagnoses of acute myeloid leukaemia and COVID‐19: presentation and management implications
Authors: O'Brien Amy , Campling James , Goodman Hugh , Chang Catherina L. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe report a case of concurrent new diagnoses of confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We review the existing literature on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) in the immunocompromised patient and the implications for managing our patient's haematological neoplasm. The implications of severe immunocompromise are unclear in the context of infection with SARS‐CoV‐2. Respiratory and viral systemic symptoms remained mild in this patient and this is consistent with the existing literature on COVID‐19 in immunocompromised patients. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a case of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection with AML.
The strategic allocation of inventors to R&D collaborations
Authors: Palomeras Neus , Wehrheim David 
Published: August 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryIn this paper, we suggest that staffing decisions in R&D alliances can reduce the inherent tension between value creation and value protection faced by participating firms. By considering R&D workers a primary source of knowledge leakage, we analyze the role of their intellectual property (IP) protection in shaping the misappropriation threat posed by the partner. We rely on patent ownership and inventorship data to analyze the selection of individuals for R&D collaborations in the pharmaceutical industry between 1991 and 2010. Our results suggest that an inventor's strength of IP protection is an important determinant in allocation decisions since it contributes to offsetting leakage risks in the alliance. The effect is especially strong in alliances that anticipate higher hazards.Managerial SummaryThe literature argues that firms can reap many benefits from R&D collaborations. However, such activities are challenging to manage because they require firms to put valuable knowledge at risk of misappropriation by the partner. We draw attention to the role that inventors play in generating and channeling knowledge during collaborative work and posit that the strength of the IP protection covering their innovations can safeguard against the consequences of knowledge leakage. We analyze pharmaceutical alliances and find that managers are more prone to allocate to collaborations inventors whose knowledge is better protected, particularly when the alliance anticipates considerable misappropriation risks. Our study has implications for how firms allocate inventors across projects, which may be an important factor for the overall success of firms' R&D strategies.
Longitudinal shear transmission of anchor channels into concrete—An experimental approach
Authors: Konertz Dustin , Kocur Georg Karl , Häusler Frank , Mark Peter 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe paper presents an innovative method to determine anchor forces in anchor channels exposed to longitudinal shear loads. The channel's load‐bearing behavior is experimentally investigated by fiber‐optic techniques recording the longitudinal strains. For the first time these recordings uncover the inner flux of forces and enable to deduce the load distribution on the anchors. Before applying on anchor channels, the devices and components as well as its application are tested on a tension rod. Altogether 200 tests on anchor channels are performed varying the types of channel and anchor, the number of anchors, the closest distance of an anchor to the loaded edge and the position of load application. The tests confirmed that all available anchors (up to five were tested) transfer forces into the concrete member. Load distribution on the anchors is not uniform but depends on the type of anchor, the position of load application, the distance between the anchors and load application and the number of anchors available. By contrast, channel type and edge distance of the front anchor have little impact.
Circumscription and phylogenetic position of Ligularia sect. Stenostegia (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) based on morphological, cytological, and molecular phylogenetic evidence
Authors: Ren Chen , Wang Long , Illarionova Irina D. , Yang Qin‐Er 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLigularia sect. Stenostegia (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) has been questioned about its monophyly and phylogenetic position in our previous study. To settle the dispute, we here verify the phylogenetic pattern of L. sect. Stenostegia with a much denser taxon sampling in the section. The results have corroborated our previous hypothesis, by showing that L. sect. Stenostegia is monophyletic only after excluding L. lancifera, and that the core L. sect. Stenostegia is more closely related to Parasenecio and Sinacalia than to Ligularia. The relationships are further supported by evidence from morphology and geographical distribution, and the results of cytological studies and statistical topology tests in this study. The core L. sect. Stenostegia, with the absence of expanded leaf sheaths and a base chromosome number of x = 30, is substantially different from Ligularia, while congruent with Parasenecio and Sinacalia. Its concentrated distribution in eastern Central Asia also readily sets it apart from Ligularia, which is mainly distributed in eastern Asia, with the center of species diversity in the Himalayas and the Hengduan Mountains region in southwestern China. In contrast, L. lancifera has greatly expanded leaf sheaths, a chromosome number of 2n = 58, and a distribution in eastern Xizang (Tibet) in China, all perfectly matching the features of Ligularia. The AU and SOWH statistical topology tests also strongly favor this phylogenetic hypothesis, by significantly rejecting the alternative hypotheses in current classification. Based on all the evidence, L. lancifera is excluded from L. sect. Stenostegia, and the core L. sect. Stenostegia is segregated as an independent genus of its own, with a new name Vickifunkia.
The factors that determine franchising intensity: An analysis in an emerging economy
Authors: Flores Villanueva Cesario Armando , Gaytán Ramírez María del Carmen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study evaluates the franchising intensity of Mexican franchise chains. Supported by the theory of agency and the theory of signals, the influence of the brand recognition and the pricing strategy on the franchising intensity of the chain was evaluated. The brand recognition was evaluated using four indicators: experience, size, MFA (Mexican Franchise Association) affiliation, and origin. The pricing strategy was evaluated with three indicators: initial investment, entry fee, and royalties. On a sample of the 397 franchise systems operating in Mexico in 2016, the multiple linear regression technique was used to evaluate the influence of the brand recognition and the pricing strategy of the chain on the franchising intensity of the chain. This research confirms that the factors associated with brand recognition and initial investment influence the franchising intensity of the Mexican chains.
Uncertainty quantification for multilabel text classification
Authors: Chen Wenshi , Zhang Bowen , Lu Mingyu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDeep neural networks have recently achieved impressive performance on multilabel text classification. However, the uncertainty in multilabel text classification tasks and their application in the model are often overlooked. To better understand and evaluate the uncertainty in multilabel text classification tasks, we propose a general framework called Uncertainty Quantification for Multilabel Text Classification framework. Based on the prediction results produced by traditional neural networks, the aleatory uncertainty of each classification label and the epistemic uncertainty of the prediction result can further be obtained by this framework. We design experiments to characterize the properties of aleatory uncertainty and epistemic uncertainty from the data characteristics and model features. The experimental results show that this framework is reasonable. Furthermore, we demonstrate how this framework allows us to define the model optimization criterion to identify policies that balance the expected training cost, model performance, and uncertainty sensitivity.This article is categorized under:
Algorithmic Development > Bayesian Models
A novel class of translationally invariant spin chains with long-range interactions
Authors: Basu-Mallick B. , Finkel F. , González-López A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We introduce a new class of open, translationally invariant spin chains with long-range interactions depending on both spin permutation and (polarized) spin reversal operators, which includes the Haldane-Shastry chain as a particular degenerate case. The new class is characterized by the fact that the Hamiltonian is invariant under “twisted” translations, combining an ordinary translation with a spin flip at one end of the chain. It includes a remarkable model with elliptic spin-spin interactions, smoothly interpolating between the XXX Heisenberg model with anti-periodic boundary conditions and a new open chain with sites uniformly spaced on a half-circle and interactions inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the spins. We are able to compute in closed form the partition function of the latter chain, thereby obtaining a complete description of its spectrum in terms of a pair of independent su(1|1) and su(m/2) motifs when the number m of internal degrees of freedom is even. This implies that the even m model is invariant under the direct sum of the Yangians Y (gl(1|1)) and Y (gl(0|m/2)). We also analyze several statistical properties of the new chain’s spectrum. In particular, we show that it is highly degenerate, which strongly suggests the existence of an underlying (twisted) Yangian symmetry also for odd m.
Elektive Tracheostomie bei COVID-19-Patienten – Erfahrungen mit einem standardisierten interdisziplinären Vorgehen
Authors: Pudszuhn A. , Voegeler S. , Berger C. , Treskatsch S. , Angermair S. , Hansen S. , Hofmann V. M. 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungBerichtet wird über die Erfahrungen mit einer interdisziplinären klinikinternen SOP (Standard Operation Procedure) zur Tracheostomie (TS) bei „Coronavirus-Disease“(COVID-19)-Patienten, unter Berücksichtigung der allgemeinen nationalen und internationalen Empfehlungen. Der interdisziplinär festgelegte operative Zeitpunkt der TS aufgrund einer prolongierten invasiven Beatmung und frustranen Weaning-Versuchen betraf Phasen sowohl hoher als auch niedriger Erkrankungsaktivität. Es wurden 5 TS bei Patienten mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 70,6 Jahren durchgeführt. Neben den Standard-COVID-19-Schutzmaßnahmen für das medizinische Personal zur Vermeidung einer nosokomialen COVID-19-Infektion führt die SOP-unterstützte Kommunikation während der TS zu einer periprozeduralen Sicherheit aller Beteiligten. COVID-19-Erkrankungen des medizinischen Personals der beteiligten Abteilungen sind bisher nicht bekannt.
Willingness of postmenopausal women to participate in a study involving local vaginal oestrogen treatment as an adjunct to pelvic organ prolapse surgery: a qualitative study
Authors: Verghese Tina Sara , Merriel Abigail , Leighton Lisa , Latthe Pallavi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) negatively affects many women’s quality of life. The ability to develop improved therapeutic approaches for POP patients is hampered by low patient recruitment and retention rates in clinical trials.

Objective
Our objective was to explore the motivational factors and barriers to recruitment and participation in clinical trials among postmenopausal women with POP who are intending to have surgical management.

Design
Qualitative study based on in-depth face-to-face interviews with postmenopausal women attending urogynaecology clinics in the UK intending to have surgical management for pelvic organ prolapse. These women were eligible to participate in the on-going clinical trial on the use of local vaginal oestrogen as an adjunct to surgical treatment. Twenty-two postmenopausal women aged 52–76 years were interviewed. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis method.

Results
Many women participated because of altruistic motivations; however, we found that clarity of information provided, timing of approach and acceptability of study design played a pivotal role in women. Of the women who declined participation, the following themes emerged: uncertainty of the investigational product, fear of experimentation, logistical concerns and regret that their condition was trivialised at an early stage.

Conclusion
We have gained a valuable insight into women’s views and experience in the decision making process. Understanding the elements that will enhance trial participation such as clarity of information provided, balance between professional guidance whilst maintaining equipoise, easy access to trial teams and timing of approach will ultimately enable us to improve our recruitment to clinical trials.
Implementation of robotic gynecological surgery in a German University Hospital: patient safety after 110 procedures
Authors: Balafoutas Dimitrios , Wöckel Achim , Wulff Christine , Joukhadar Ralf 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Robotic surgery represents the latest development in the field of minimally invasive surgery and offers many technical advantages. Despite the higher costs, this novel approach has been applied increasingly in gynecological surgery. Regarding the implementation of a new operative method; however, the most important factor to be aware of is patient safety. In this study, we describe our experience in implementing robotic surgery in a German University Hospital focusing on patient safety after 110 procedures.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of 110 consecutive robotic procedures performed in the University Hospital of Würzburg between June 2017 and September 2019. During this time, 37 patients were treated for benign general gynecological conditions, 27 patients for gynecological malignancies, and 46 patients for urogynecological conditions. We evaluated patient safety through standardized assessment of intra- and postoperative complications, which were categorized according to the Clavien–Dindo classification.

Results
No complications were recorded in 90 (81.8%) operations. We observed Clavien–Dindo grade I complications in 8 (7.3%) cases, grade II complications in 5 (4.5%) cases, grade IIIa complications in 1 case (0.9%), and grade IIIb complications in 6 (5.5%) cases. No conversion to laparotomy or blood transfusion was needed.

Conclusion
Robotic surgery could be implemented for complex gynecological operations without relevant problems and was accompanied by low complication rates.