bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Nutrient Content, in vitro Digestibilities, Anti-Nutrients, Β-Carotene and Total Antioxidant Activity of Sesame (Sesamum indicum)
Authors: Bansal Tanvi , Kawatra Asha 
Published: September 2020

Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is one of the valuable vegetarian sources of dietary protein with good quality amino acids that are very essential for growth. It possesses phytonutrients such as omega-6 fatty acids, flavonoids, antioxidants, and certain vitamins with potential anti-cancerous as well as health-promoting properties. Sesame seeds were analyzed for various nutritional parameters. The amount of moisture, protein, fat, ash, and fibre were found to be 4.17, 21.18, 46.64, 4.62, and 3.06 percent, respectively whereas calcium, iron, and zinc were 1294, 15.37, and 7.74 mg/100g, respectively. In vitro protein digestibility was estimated to be 79.50% whereas phytic acid was 247.37 mg/100g, and polyphenols 189.30 mg/100g.The values for β-Carotene and total antioxidant activity (TAA) was found to be 12.75 μg/100g and 0.94 mg/g, respectively. Looking at the good nutritional profile of sesame, it can be utilized in various supplementary food products to enhance the product quality by improving its taste and increasing its energy, protein, calcium, and mineral content. Incorporation of sesame seeds into daily food items can make them both micro and macro nutrient-dense, which can be used for feeding people from all the age-groups. And also, the information provided may help plant breeders to develop improved varieties of sesame in the future.
Epidemiology and time trends of gestational trophoblastic disease in Korea
Authors: Kim S.J. , Bae S.N. , Kim J.H. , Kim C.J. , Han K.T. , Chung J.K. , Lee J.M. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: For the purpose of determining the annual incidence and time trends of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), the medical records from 24 university hospitals, 13 private general hospitals and the Korean Research Institute of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (KRI‐TRD) were analyzed from 1971 to 1995.Materials & Results: From a total of 7198 GTD cases (H‐mole = 3831, Invasive mole = 2163, Choriocarcinoma = 1177, PSTT = 27) among 838659 deliveries between 1971 and 1995, the hospital‐based incidence of H‐mole per 1000 deliveries declined from 40.2 during 1971‐975, to 2.3 during 1991‐995. The population‐based incidence of H‐mole, hwoever, revealed an average of 2.05 per 1000 deliveries during 1991—995. Old age and gravidities as factors in GTD patients both decreased significantly during the study period. Time trends for the incidence of GTD in Korea revealed significant changes, not only a decrease in the incidence of GTD, but also an improvement in the annual remission rate. Korea's socio‐eonomic improvement in recent decades also contributed to the decreased incidence of GTD and the increased survival rates.
Rehabilitation of schizophrenic and other long-term mentally ill patients. Results from a prospective study of a comprehensive inpatient treatment program based on cognitive therapy
Authors: Svensson B. , Hansson L. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryA total of 28 long-term mentally ill patients, the majority schizophrenic, treated with cognitive therapy in the context of milieu-therapy and group therapy, were investigated at admission and discharge with regard to changes in symptomatology, quality of life, global functioning, need for medication, and perceived target complaints. The results showed a significant relief in perceived burden of illness and an improvement in quality of life. A better pre-admission functioning with regard to social functioning, occupational function, and symptoms predicted a more favourable outcome.
Effect of an exercise programme for elderly patients with heart failure
Authors: Owen A. , Croucher L. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAims:Benefit from exercise training programmes for patients with chronic heart failure has been demonstrated in relatively young (mean age 60 years) and predominantly male subjects. This study was undertaken to assess the effect of an exercise programme for older subjects more representative of the general heart failure population.Methods and Results:Twenty‐two patients with chronic heart failure of mean age 81±4 years were recruited into the study. Twenty‐five percent were female and 31% were in chronic atrial fibrillation. A crossover study design was employed. The programme consisted of once weekly exercise sessions tailored to the abilities of elderly subjects and lasted for 12 weeks. Fifteen subjects completed the exercise component and nine the control component. The programme resulted in a 20% relative increase in 6‐min walk test distance (ANCOVA: P<0.012). There was no improvement in quality of life as measured by the Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire, but the majority of subjects reported subjective improvement in wellbeing.Conclusion:Elderly patients with chronic heart failure can benefit from an appropriately designed exercise programme and should not be excluded from future large scale trials.
Efficient Single‐Dose Induction of Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells Using Multi‐Bioactive Hybrid Nanocarriers
Authors: Tavares Márcia T. , Oliveira Mariana B. , Gaspar Vítor M. , Mano João F. , S. Farinha José Paulo , Baleizão Carlos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBone regeneration requires the presence of specific factors to induce the differentiation of stem cells into osteoblasts. These factors induce osteogenesis by stimulating the expression of bone‐related proteins, bone cell proliferation and differentiation. Herein, bioactive mesoporous silica nanoparticles are doped with calcium and phosphate ions while the porous network is loaded with dexamethasone (MSN‐CaPDex). The bioactive MSN‐CaPDex nanocarriers are prepared without affecting the narrow size distribution, pore structure, and morphology of the MSNs, while incorporating multi‐stimuli, complementary ionic/biochemical bioactive mediators. The bioactive nanocarriers induce osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM‐MSCs) after a single‐dose administration, and without the need for further soluble osteogenic factors, in contrast to the standard continuous stimulation provided by osteogenic medium. The hBM‐MSCs exhibit several biomarkers of osteogenic differentiation, including alkaline phosphatase peaking at early time points, secretion of osteopontin and osteocalcin, and deposition of a calcium‐rich matrix. Overall, by inducing the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells with a single‐dose administration and without requiring repeated osteogenic supplementation, the newly synthesized multi‐bioactive hybrid nanocarrier shows great potential for bone tissue engineering applications.
Additives Engineered Nonflammable Electrolyte for Safer Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Gang , Cao Zhen , Zhou Lin , Zhang Jiao , Sun Qujiang , Hwang Jang‐Yeon , Cavallo Luigi , Wang Limin , Sun Yang‐Kook , Ming Jun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPotassium ion batteries (KIBs) are attracting great attention as an alternative to lithium‐ion batteries due to lower cost and better global sustainability of potassium. However, designing electrolytes compatible with the graphite anode and addressing the safety issue of highly active potassium remains challenging. Herein, a new concept of using additives to engineer non‐flammable electrolytes for safer KIBs is introduced. It is discovered that the additives, such as the ethylene sulfate (i.e., DTD), can make the electrolyte of 1.0 m potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide in trimethyl phosphate compatible with graphite anode for the first time, without the need of concentrated electrolyte strategies. A new coordination mechanism of additives in the electrolyte is presented. It is shown that the additive can change the K+ solvation structure and then determine the interfacial behaviors of K+‐solvent on electrode interface, which are critical to affect the graphite performance (i.e., K+‐solvent co‐insertion, or K+ (de‐)intercalation). Then, an extremely high potassium storage capability is obtained in graphite electrode for potassium (ion) batteries, particularly the presented high‐performance graphite|K0.69CrO2 full battery fully demonstrates the practical application of this newly designed electrolyte. This additive‐based strategy can offer more opportunities to tune the electrolyte properties and then serve for the more mobile ion battery system.
Phosphorus Pentamers: Floating Nanoflowers form a 2D Network
Authors: Zhang Wei , Enriquez Hanna , Tong Yongfeng , Mayne Andrew J. , Bendounan Azzedine , Dappe Yannick J. , Kara Abdelkader , Dujardin Gérald , Oughaddou Hamid 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn experimental investigation of a new polymorphic 2D single layer of phosphorus on Ag(111) is presented. The atomically‐resolved scanning tunneling microscopy images show a new 2D material composed of freely‐floating phosphorus pentamers organized into a 2D layer, where the pentamers are aligned in close‐packed rows. The scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements reveal a semiconducting character with a band gap of 1.20 eV. This work presents the formation at low temperature of a new polymorphic 2D phosphorus layer composed of a floating 2D pentamer structure. The smooth curved terrace edges and a lack of any clear crystallographic orientation with respect to the Ag(111) substrate at room temperature indicates a smooth potential energy surface that is reminiscent of a liquid‐like growth phase. This is confirmed by density functional theory calculations that find a small energy barrier of only 0.17 eV to surface diffusion of the pentamers (see Supporting Information). The formation of extended, homogeneous domains is a key ingredient to opening a new avenue to integrate this new 2D material into electronic devices.
Moving Alkyl‐Chain Branching Point Induced a Hierarchical Morphology for Efficient All‐Small‐Molecule Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhou Ruimin , Jiang Zhaoyan , Shi Yanan , Wu Qiong , Yang Chen , Zhang Jianqi , Lu Kun , Wei Zhixiang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe optimization of bulk heterojunction morphology is one of the most challenging topics in all‐small‐molecule organic solar cells. Herein, three small molecular donors based on dithieno[2,3‐d;2′,3′‐d′]benzo[1,2‐b;4,5‐b′]dithiophene (DTBDT) unit by systematically moving the branching point of the alkyl chain have been designed, synthesized, and applied in organic solar cells. Modifying the branching points enables the properties of the aggregation state to be tuned, and an efficient nanofiber‐based hierarchical morphology is successfully demonstrated by combining with different nonfullerene acceptors. The molecules with far branching points can form nanofibers in active layers, and theses nanofibers help the charge separation and charge transport in a large donor‐rich or acceptor‐rich domain of approximately 100 nm. Using nonfullerrene Y6 as an acceptor, the highest power conversion efficiency of 14.78% is obtained, which is one of the highest efficiencies in all‐small‐molecule organic solar cells. The strategy of modification of alkyl side chain branching points can be a practical way to actualize crystallinity control and active layer morphology for improving the performance of all‐small‐molecule organic solar cells.
Integration and Synergy of Organic Single Crystals and Metal–Organic Frameworks in Core–Shell Heterostructures Enables Outstanding Gas Selectivity for Detection
Authors: Zheng Jianzhong , Pang Kanglei , Liu Xu , Li Shunxing , Song Rui , Liu Yaling , Tang Zhiyong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractControllable integration of two or more functional components is one of the most convenient and effective ways to obtain composite advanced materials with collective properties and improved performance. In this work, in combination with organic single crystals and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), a novel 1D well‐defined core–shell heterostructure with single copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) ribbon cores coated with a uniform isoreticular MOF‐3 (IRMOF‐3) shell is successfully constructed. Impressively, thanks to performance the integration and synergy of the CuPc cores and the IRMOF‐3 shells, the sensor devices based on such single heterostructures exhibit outstanding selectivity for NH3 detection at ≈60% relative humidity at room temperature, the current response of which to NH3 is around 34–265 times the magnitude of response to ten potential interfering gases even in the case of the 1:100 concentration ratio of NH3 (5 ppm) and the interfering gases (500 ppm). Moreover, the detection limit of such CuPc@IRMOF‐3 sensors toward NH3 is estimated to be 52 ppb (signal to noise ratio = 3) based on 11 blank determinations, and good stability and reusability can also be achieved. This work highlights that the integration of organic single crystals and MOFs into well‐defined structures offers a new opportunity for high‐performance gas sensors.
Plasmonic Oxygen‐Deficient TiO2‐x Nanocrystals for Dual‐Band Electrochromic Smart Windows with Efficient Energy Recycling
Authors: Zhang Shengliang , Cao Sheng , Zhang Tianran , Lee Jim Yang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDual‐band electrochromic smart windows capable of the spectrally selective modulation of visible (VIS) light and near‐infrared (NIR) can regulate solar light and solar heat transmittance to reduce the building energy consumption. The development of these windows is however limited by the number of available dual‐band electrochromic materials. Here, plasmonic oxygen‐deficient TiO2‐x nanocrystals (NCs) are discovered to be an effective single‐component dual‐band electrochromic material, and that oxygen‐vacancy creation is more effective than aliovalent substitutional doping to introduce dual‐band properties to TiO2 NCs. Oxygen vacancies not only confer good near‐infrared (NIR)‐selective modulation, but also improve the Li+ diffusion in the TiO2‐x host, circumventing the disadvantage of aliovalent substitutional doping with ion diffusion. Consequently optimized TiO2‐x NC films are able to modulate the NIR and visible light transmittance independently and effectively in three distinct modes with high optical modulation (95.5% at 633 nm and 90.5% at 1200 nm), fast switching speed, high bistability, and long cycle life. An impressive dual‐band electrochromic performance is also demonstrated in prototype devices. The use of TiO2‐x NCs enables the assembled windows to recycle a large fraction of energy consumed in the coloration process (“energy recycling”) to reduce the energy consumption in a round‐trip electrochromic operation.
Light‐to‐Heat Photothermal Dynamic Properties of Polypyrrole‐Based Coating for Regenerative Therapy and Lab‐on‐a‐Chip Applications
Authors: Ulasevich Sviatlana , Ryzhkov Nikolay V. , Andreeva Daria V. , Özden Dilek Sura , Piskin Erhan , Skorb Ekaterina V. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTargeted delivery and release of biomolecules, e.g., bone morphogenetic protein (BMP‐2), are gaining high interest due to the application for tissue engineering, diagnostics, surface‐enhanced therapy and lab‐on‐a‐chip. Here, a new hybrid temperature‐responsive system consisting of polypyrrole (PPy) layer, mesoporous titania surface (TMS), and BMP‐2 is proposed. The PPy layer has the light‐to‐heat photothermal property. Dynamic behavior of the PPy layer in response to light can regulate release of BMP‐2. The PPy‐based coatings on TMS have shown to be efficient for storage of BMP‐2 and can be tuned to release BMP‐2 under irradiation. Moreover, the possibility of local delivery and generation of a gradual release of BMP‐2 for regulated cell growth is shown. Furthermore, the fabricated surfaces possess excellent biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity for MC3T3‐E1 cells. It is shown that the released BMP‐2 can effectively promote osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3‐E1 cells. Thus, the TMS/PPy–BMP‐2 is suggested to prolong targeted release of the BMP‐2 for more than 25 days which stimulates osteoblasts’ proliferation. The new stimuli‐responsive hybrid system is promising for targeted, localized, sustained drug release and application in bone tissue engineering.
On‐Chip Rotation of Caenorhabditis elegans Using Microfluidic Vortices
Authors: Pan Peng , Laver John D. , Qin Zhen , Zhou Yuxiao , Peng Ran , Zhao Lijun , Xie Hui , Calarco John A. , Liu Xinyu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrecise and controllable rotation of small biological samples is essential to many biological and medical applications. This paper reports, an easy‐to‐use microfluidic device to rotate single nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans in a reliable and controllable fashion, which was enabled by on‐chip generation of stable microscale vortices inside a worm‐loaded microchannel by fluidic shear stress. To test the capability of the proposed device, single worms were successfully rotated in continuous and stepwise modes. Using this device, clear visualization of all dopaminergic neurons in the head of a C. elegans was demonstrated by capturing fluorescence images of the worm body at several rotational angles. Multiple perspectives of individual neurons of a multi‐color fluorescent transgenic worm were also obtained at high resolution using laser‐scanning confocal microscopy. The results show that this microfluidic rotation device provides a simple solution to overcoming limitations of confocal microscopy when imaging relatively thick tissue samples such as an adult C. elegans, and is compatible with multiple fluorescent proteins with different spectral properties. With its controllability, precision, and simplicity in fabrication and operation, this microfluidic device has important utility in model organism studies.
Organic Photovoltaic Modules Built on Paper Substrates
Authors: Jayaraman Eswaran , Iyer S. Sundar Kumar 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOrganic photovoltaic (OPV) modules, which are attractive for large‐volume high‐throughput production, can become more environmentally sustainable with eco‐friendly flexible substrates such as paper. This article reports fabrication and performance of 108 cm2 active area 12 by 12 cm OPV, built on 15 by 15 cm paper substrates. Active area power conversion efficiency (PCE) values up to 2.38 and 4.23% respectively for poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT):[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) and poly({4,8‐bis[(2‐ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl}{3‐fluoro‐2‐[(2‐ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4‐b]thiophenediyl}) (PTB7):PCBM blend heterojunction photoactive layer modules under AM1.5G spectrum one sun (100 mW cm−2) intensity illumination are demonstrated. Due to better spectrum matching, for 1000 lux cool‐white light emitting diode (LED) illumination, the power density demonstrated is up to 12 µW cm−2 for these modules, which is comparable to 13 µW cm−2 from a (standard illumination PCE 15%) silicon PV device for the same illumination. These results make OPV on environment friendly paper substrate, an attractive option for practical applications.
Sunlike White Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes with High Color Rendition Quality
Authors: Hong Ahyoung , Kim Jaeyun , Kwak Jeonghun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough it is demanded for general lighting sources to have high color rendition qualities close to natural daylight, it is difficult to make sunlike artificial illuminants due to limited tunability of phosphors and complicated fabrication processes. On the contrary, white‐emitting quantum dot (QD) light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) can be easily produced by mixing several colors of QDs in a single emitting layer (EML). In this work, sunlike white QLEDs showing high color rendition qualities are demonstrated by incorporating five (red, yellow, green, cyan, and blue) or six (additional violet) primary colors of QDs in the EML. Based on the simulation and optimization of the multichromatic spectra, the pentachromatic and hexachromatic white QLEDs exhibit the superb color rendering index of 96–98, the color quality scales of 95–97, and the spectral similarity index of up to 86, with tunable correlated color temperatures from daylight to overcast sky. The Förster resonant energy transfers between six colors of QDs are also investigated with time‐resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. The analysis of the pentachromatic and hexachromatic white QLEDs with the sunlike spectra suggests that white QLEDs can be a promising candidate for next‐generation solid‐state lighting devices.
Coupled Toroidal Dipole Modes in Silicon Nanodisk Metasurface: Polarization Independent Narrow Band Absorption and Directional Emission
Authors: Hasebe Hiroaki , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Hinamoto Tatsuki , Fujii Minoru 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBesides the fundamental Mie resonance modes of high‐index dielectric nanostructures, an extended multipole family, i.e., toroidal multipoles, provide great opportunities for engineering a new class of nanophotonic devices. Here, it is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that a hexagonal array of circular silicon (Si) nanodisks (NDs) supports intra‐ and inter‐ND toroidal dipole (TD) modes. The key concept is the alignment of Si NDs near the anapole state condition for constructive interaction of the TD modes between neighboring NDs. Numerical simulation reveals that strong field confinement by the coupled TD modes enhances the absorption 120‐fold at the resonance wavelength compared to that of a flat Si film with the same thickness. In this study, macroscopic scale hexagonal Si ND arrays are fabricated using a colloidal lithography, and spectrally selective absorption enhancement due to the TD modes is demonstrated. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that a dipolar emitter can also excite TD modes, which modify the spectral shape and the directionality of the emission.
An Unorthodox Mechanism Underlying Voltage Sensitivity of TRPV1 Ion Channel
Authors: Yang Fan , Xu Lizhen , Lee Bo Hyun , Xiao Xian , Yarov‐Yarovoy Vladimir , Zheng Jie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhile the capsaicin receptor transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channel is a polymodal nociceptor for heat, capsaicin, and protons, the channel's responses to each of these stimuli are profoundly regulated by membrane potential, damping or even prohibiting its response at negative voltages and amplifying its response at positive voltages. Therefore, voltage sensitivity of TRPV1 is anticipated to play an important role in shaping pain responses. How voltage regulates TRPV1 activation remains unknown. Here, it is shown that voltage sensitivity does not originate from the S4 segment like classic voltage‐gated ion channels; instead, outer pore acidic residues directly partake in voltage‐sensitive activation, with their negative charges collectively constituting the observed gating charges. Outer pore gating‐charge movement is titratable by extracellular pH and is allosterically coupled to channel activation, likely by influencing the upper gate in the ion selectivity filter. Elucidating this unorthodox voltage‐gating process provides a mechanistic foundation for understanding TRPV1 polymodal gating and opens the door to novel approaches regulating channel activity for pain management.