bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy after mumps: a case report
Authors: Shahabi Parviz , Asadzadeh Shiva , Bannazadeh Baghi Hossein , Sadeghzadeh Oskouei Behnaz 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction
Oophoritis, a complication of mumps, is said to affect only 5% of all postpubertal women. In this report, we present a case of a 31-year-old Iranian woman with amenorrhea and infertility due to an infantile uterus and atrophic ovaries associated with contracting mumps at a young age. She later successfully carried a healthy baby to term.

Case presentation
The patient was diagnosed with oophoritis when she was 8 years of age. She had no menses before treatment. The patient underwent a low-dose contraceptive treatment from age 19 until she was 31 years of age. During this period, the size of her uterus was constantly monitored, which revealed constant yet slow uterine growth. At age 31, Drospil (containing 3 mg of drospirenone and 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol) treatment was initiated and administered for 3 months, which led to substantial uterine growth and menses. After her uterus had reached a mature size, the patient was referred to an assisted reproductive technology clinic. There she received a donor oocyte that was fertilized with the sperm of her husband. She had a successful low-risk pregnancy after the second embryo transfer.

Conclusion
Low-dose contraceptive treatment containing progesterone, followed by Drospil, which includes both estradiol and progesterone, had a synergistic effect that led to the growth of the patient’s uterus.
Electromagnetic field treatment increases purinergic receptor P2X7 expression and activates its downstream Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin axis in mesenchymal stem cells under osteogenic induction
Authors: Zhang Yingchi , Li Wenkai , Liu Chaoxu , Yan Jiyuan , Yuan Xuefeng , Wang Wei , Wang Huaixi , Wu Hua , Yang Yong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundImbalance in bone formation and resorption is a crucial component of the pathological process leading to osteoporosis. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) have been reported to be beneficial to osteogenesis, although the exact mechanism has not been fully clarified. Purinergic receptor P2X7 is expressed in osteoblasts and is reported to participate in the regulation of bone metabolism.ObjectivesTo elucidate the link between EMFs and P2X7 expression and investigate its potential as a novel therapeutic target in osteoporosis.MethodWe investigated the effect of EMFs on P2X7 expression and downstream signaling in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (h-MSCs). We also established an ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporosis rat model to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of combining EMFs with P2X7 agonists.ResultsEMF treatment increased P2X7 expression in h-MSCs under conditions of osteogenic induction but not under regular culture conditions. P2X7 or PI3K/Akt inhibition partially inhibited the pro-osteogenic effect of EMF and lowered the EMF-stimulated activity of the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin axis. No additive effect of this suppression was observed following simultaneous inhibition of P2X7 and PI3K/Akt. EMF treatment in the presence of a P2X7 agonist had a greater effect in increasing osteogenic marker expression than that of EMF treatment alone. In the OVX osteoporosis model, the therapeutic efficacy of combining EMFs with P2X7 agonists was superior to that of EMF treatment alone.ConclusionsEMF treatment increases P2X7 expression by h-MSCs during osteogenic differentiation, leading to activation of the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin axis, which promotes the osteogenesis. Our findings also indicate that combined EMF and P2X7 agonist treatment may be an effective novel strategy for osteoporosis therapy.
Global stability analysis for a generalized delayed SIR model with vaccination and treatment
Authors: Elazzouzi A. , Lamrani Alaoui A. , Tilioua M. , Tridane A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this work, we investigate the stability of an SIR epidemic model with a generalized nonlinear incidence rate and distributed delay. The model also includes vaccination term and general treatment function, which are the two principal control measurements to reduce the disease burden. Using the Lyapunov functions, we show that the disease-free equilibrium state is globally asymptotically stable if $\mathcal{R}_{0} \leq 1 $R0≤1, where $\mathcal{R}_{0} $R0 is the basic reproduction number. On the other hand, the disease-endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable when $\mathcal{R}_{0} > 1 $R0>1. For a specific type of treatment and incidence functions, our analysis shows the success of the vaccination strategy, as well as the treatment depends on the initial size of the susceptible population. Moreover, we discuss, numerically, the behavior of the basic reproduction number with respect to vaccination and treatment parameters.
Cost-effectiveness analysis comparing ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) as empirical treatment comparing to ceftolozane/tazobactam and to meropenem for complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI)
Authors: Kongnakorn Thitima , Eckmann Christian , Bassetti Matteo , Tichy Eszter , Di Virgilio Roberto , Baillon-Plot Nathalie , Charbonneau Claudie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The rising incidence of resistance to currently available antibiotics among pathogens, particularly Gram-negative pathogens, in complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) has become a challenge for clinicians. Ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ-AVI) is a fixed-dose antibiotic approved in Europe and the United States for treating (in combination with metronidazole) cIAI in adult hospitalised patients who have limited or no alternative treatment options. The approval was based on the results of RECLAIM, a Phase III, parallel-group, comparative study (RECLAIM 1 [NCT01499290] and RECLAIM 2 [NCT01500239]). The objective of our study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of CAZ-AVI plus metronidazole compared with 1) ceftolozane/tazobactam plus metronidazole and 2) meropenem, as an empiric treatment for the management of cIAI in Italy.

Methods
A sequential, patient-level simulation model, with a 5-year time horizon and 3% annual discount rate (applied to both costs and health benefits), was developed using Microsoft Excel® to demonstrate the clinical course of the disease. The impact of resistant pathogens was included as an additional factor.

Results
In the base-case analysis, the CAZ-AVI sequence (CAZ-AVI plus metronidazole followed by a colistin + tigecycline + high-dose meropenem combination after treatment failure), when compared to sequences for ceftolozane/tazobactam (ceftolozane/tazobactam plus metronidazole followed by colistin + tigecycline + high-dose meropenem after treatment failure) and meropenem (meropenem followed by colistin + tigecycline + high-dose meropenem after treatment failure), had better clinical outcomes with higher cure rates (93.04% vs. 91.52%; 92.98% vs. 90.24%, respectively), shorter hospital stays (∆ = − 0.38 and ∆ = − 1.24 days per patient, respectively), and higher quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained per patient (4.021 vs. 3.982; 4.019 vs. 3.960, respectively). The incremental cost effectiveness ratio in the CAZ-AVI sequence was €4099 and €15,574 per QALY gained versus each comparator sequence, respectively, well below the willingness-to-pay threshold of €30,000 per QALY accepted in Italy.

Conclusions
The model results demonstrated that CAZ-AVI plus metronidazole could be a cost-effective alternative when compared with other antibiotic treatment options, as it is expected to provide better clinical benefits in hospitalised patients with cIAI in Italy.
Daily rhythms in food intake and locomotor activity in a colony of domestic cats
Authors: Parker Marine , Lamoureux Sarah , Challet Etienne , Deputte Bertrand , Biourge Vincent , Serra Jessica 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Daily rhythms have been widely investigated in various mammals but, surprisingly, literature is scarce and conflicting regarding the domestic cat, Felis catus. This may come from the difficulty to analyse rhythms in a species showing high interindividual variability and from the common idea that the rhythms of the cat are rather random. To elucidate the subject, two groups of indoor cats (14 in total) living in a cattery room, were followed on a 24 h/7 day basis, using advanced telemetry technologies, i.e. passive RFID, automated weighing of electronic scales and UWB technology with accuracy ensuring a good reliability of the results.

Results
While covering on average 1.74 ± 0.4 km and eating 46.4 ± 3.6 g (≈ 179 kcal) of dry food per day, findings indicate 24 h periodicity in the locomotor and feeding rhythms of the cats. Systematically, their locomotor behaviour was more rhythmic than their eating behaviour (p < 0.01), possibly reflecting the flexibility of the eating patterns of the cat initially enabling it to adapt to daily rhythms of its prey. In their daily patterns, the indoor individuals showed two main troughs of activity and food intake—in the middle of the day and in the middle of the night—and two main peaks: one in the morning (especially before sunrise and food renewal), the other in the evening (following the end of the work day of the animal staff and before sunset), supporting previous work demonstrating peaks at dusk and dawn and confirming the crepuscular nature of the species. No general pattern emerged according to a more nocturnal versus diurnal organisation.

Conclusions
Bimodality, more than chronotypes, seems therefore to best characterise the activity and feeding rhythms of the species as it was demonstrated in the individuals among the different categorisations. By validating the use of new tracking technologies as well as of adapted chronobiological parameters to assess the daily rhythm of cats living indoors, this study opens the way for more adequate analyses of cat behaviour through time under various conditions.
Characterization of lysosomal proteins Progranulin and Prosaposin and their interactions in Alzheimer’s disease and aged brains: increased levels correlate with neuropathology
Authors: Mendsaikhan Anarmaa , Tooyama Ikuo , Bellier Jean-Pierre , Serrano Geidy E. , Sue Lucia I. , Lue Lih-Fen , Beach Thomas G. , Walker Douglas G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProgranulin (PGRN) is a protein encoded by the GRN gene with multiple identified functions including as a neurotrophic factor, tumorigenic growth factor, anti-inflammatory cytokine and regulator of lysosomal function. A single mutation in the human GRN gene resulting in reduced PGRN expression causes types of frontotemporal lobar degeneration resulting in frontotemporal dementia. Prosaposin (PSAP) is also a multifunctional neuroprotective secreted protein and regulator of lysosomal function. Interactions of PGRN and PSAP affect their functional properties. Their roles in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, have not been defined. In this report, we examined in detail the cellular expression of PGRN in middle temporal gyrus samples of a series of human brain cases (n = 45) staged for increasing plaque pathology. Immunohistochemistry showed PGRN expression in cortical neurons, microglia, cerebral vessels and amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, while PSAP expression was mainly detected in neurons and Aβ plaques, and to a limited extent in astrocytes. We showed that there were increased levels of PGRN protein in AD cases and corresponding increased levels of PSAP. Levels of PGRN and PSAP protein positively correlated with amyloid beta (Aβ), with PGRN levels correlating with phosphorylated tau (serine 205) levels in these samples. Although PGRN colocalized with lysosomal-associated membrane protein-1 in neurons, most PGRN associated with Aβ plaques did not. Aβ plaques with PGRN and PSAP deposits were identified in the low plaque non-demented cases suggesting this was an early event in plaque formation. We did not observe PGRN-positive neurofibrillary tangles. Co-immunoprecipitation studies of PGRN from brain samples identified only PSAP associated with PGRN, not sortilin or other known PGRN-binding proteins, under conditions used. Most PGRN associated with Aβ plaques were immunoreactive for PSAP showing a high degree of colocalization of these proteins that did not change between disease groups. As PGRN supplementation has been considered as a therapeutic approach for AD, the possible involvement of PGRN and PSAP interactions in AD pathology needs to be further considered.
Triiodothyronine modulates neuronal plasticity mechanisms to enhance functional outcome after stroke
Authors: Talhada Daniela , Feiteiro Joana , Costa Ana Raquel , Talhada Tiago , Cairrão Elisa , Wieloch Tadeusz , Englund Elisabet , Santos Cecília Reis , Gonçalves Isabel , Ruscher Karsten 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe development of new therapeutic approaches for stroke patients requires a detailed understanding of the mechanisms that enhance recovery of lost neurological functions. The efficacy to enhance homeostatic mechanisms during the first weeks after stroke will influence functional outcome. Thyroid hormones (TH) are essential regulators of neuronal plasticity, however, their role in recovery related mechanisms of neuronal plasticity after stroke remains unknown. This study addresses important findings of 3,5,3′-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) in the regulation of homeostatic mechanisms that adjust excitability – inhibition ratio in the post-ischemic brain. This is valid during the first 2 weeks after experimental stroke induced by photothrombosis (PT) and in cultured neurons subjected to an in vitro model of acute cerebral ischemia. In the human post-stroke brain, we assessed the expression pattern of TH receptors (TR) protein levels, important for mediating T3 actions.Our results show that T3 modulates several plasticity mechanisms that may operate on different temporal and spatial scales as compensatory mechanisms to assure appropriate synaptic neurotransmission. We have shown in vivo that long-term administration of T3 after PT significantly (1) enhances lost sensorimotor function; (2) increases levels of synaptotagmin 1&2 and levels of the post-synaptic GluR2 subunit in AMPA receptors in the peri-infarct area; (3) increases dendritic spine density in the peri-infarct and contralateral region and (4) decreases tonic GABAergic signaling in the peri-infarct area by a reduced number of parvalbumin+ / c-fos+ neurons and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65/67 levels. In addition, we have shown that T3 modulates in vitro neuron membrane properties with the balance of inward glutamate ligand-gated channels currents and decreases synaptotagmin levels in conditions of deprived oxygen and glucose. Interestingly, we found increased levels of TRβ1 in the infarct core of post-mortem human stroke patients, which mediate T3 actions. Summarizing, our data identify T3 as a potential key therapeutic agent to enhance recovery of lost neurological functions after ischemic stroke.
Inventory and new records of benthic amphipods from macrophytes and fine sand communities of the Bizerte lagoon (Tunisia, SW Mediterranean Sea)
Authors: Khammassi Marwa , Jourde Jérôme , Zaabar Wahiba , Laabidi Sarra , Sauriau Pierre-Guy , Achouri Mohamed Sghaier 
Published: December 2019

AbstractShallow water benthic communities from the Bizerte lagoon (northern Tunisia) were investigated at 33 stations sampled in April and July of 2016 and 2017. A total of 18 amphipod species were recorded among which two new species were recorded: one for Tunisian coasts (Jassa marmorata) and a second one for the Mediterranean Sea (Serejohyale spinidactylus). In addition, and compared to previous studies, nine amphipod species were collected for the first time in this lagoon. Amphipod assemblages were numerically dominated by the families Melitidae (28%), Caprellidae (14.5%) and Ampithoidae (11.7%). Three species: Cymadusa filosa, Dexamine spinosa and Elasmopus rapax were numerically dominant. According to their biogeography, most of the recorded amphipod species (11–18) showed an Atlantic–Mediterranean distribution, whereas four were cosmopolitan and three lessepsian Indo-Pacific migrants, but no species were Mediterranean endemic. Specimens of both Jassa marmorata and Serejohyale spinidactylus are illustrated and described.
Adenosine as cardioprotective in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Aziz Mai Mohsen Abdel , Hamid Ahmad Mostafa Abdel , Hamid Hadil Magdy Abdel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective
To assess the effect of adenosine as a cardioprotective drug and its role in attenuating ischemia-reperfusion injury during off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

Background
Cardioprotective drugs have long been investigated for use during off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery to attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury and limit hemodynamic instability. Adenosine has been investigated due to its cardioprotective effect that is mediated through A1 and A3 adenosine receptors. Stimulation of these receptors reproduces the infarct-limiting effect of ischemic preconditioning.

Methods
After approval of the local ethics committee and informed written consent, fifty patients undergoing elective off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were prospectively studied. The adenosine group received an infusion of Adenoscan at a rate of 50 μg/kg/min for 15 min. The control group received normal saline at the same rate and volume calculated. Pulmonary artery catheter was introduced through the right internal jugular vein. Cardiac output measurements were obtained. Cardiac index, stroke volume, systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, right ventricular stroke work index, and left ventricular stroke work index were derived. Hemodynamic measurements were recorded together with blood levels of troponin I and CK-MB fraction to detect perioperative myocardial necrosis. Postoperative duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU stay together with inotropic support quantification using inotropic score were recorded.

Results
Fifty patients were included in the study. In the adenosine group, the infusion of adenosine resulted in a significant reduction in mean pulmonary artery pressure after stopping drug infusion (18 ± 2.2 mmHg versus 31 ± 4.1 mmHg). There was a recorded increase in cardiac index in the adenosine group that started 15 min after adenosine infusion and lasted for 12 h postoperatively (p < 0.001). Also, adenosine infusion resulted in a reduction in pulmonary vascular resistance that exceeded the reduction in systemic vascular resistance which resulted in a decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance/systemic vascular resistance ratio (0.14 in adenosine group 15 min after injection versus 0.28 in control group) and (0.11 in adenosine group 12 h postoperatively versus 0.26 in control group). The cTroponin I measured 6 h postoperatively was less in the adenosine group compared with the control group (5.8 ± 2.8 ng/ml versus 16.5 ± 3.9 ng/ml).

Conclusion
Adenosine infusion during off-pump coronary artery surgery may improve cardiac index, reduce the need for inotropes, and have cardioprotective effect.
Associations of post-migration dietary and physical activity behaviours with acculturation and social cognitive factors: a cross-sectional study of Australian residents born in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Addo Isaac Yeboah , Brener Loren , Asante Augustine Danso , de Wit John 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA considerable amount of research suggests that several ‘immigrants’ from low-and-middle income countries often adopt less healthy dietary and physical activity behaviours after settling in high income countries, which may lead to increased risk of weight-related diseases. Several studies have also reported that post-migration changes in dietary and physical activity behaviours are associated with acculturation. Given that social cognitive factors are proximal determinants of behaviour, understanding their interplay with acculturation in the process leading to less healthy weight-related behaviours can assist in developing more useful interventions for populations at risk. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken among Australian residents born in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to assess the interplay of post-migration dietary and physical activity behaviours with acculturation and social cognitive factors. A total of 253 participants were self-selected from two Australian states: New South Wales and Victoria. Theory of planned behaviour variables were employed as social cognitive factors. Fat intake and fruits/vegetables/fibre intake were used as indicators of dietary behaviour. Acculturation was measured using two sub-scales: cultural maintenance and cultural participation. The findings show that acculturation and social cognitive factors were significantly associated with variances in fat intake and physical activity. More specifically, the variance in post-migration fat intake was significantly explained by cultural participation and attitude while the variance in physical activity was significantly associated with cultural maintenance and behavioural intention. It is therefore important to consider both acculturation and social cognitive factors when developing weight-related interventions for Australian residents born in SSA.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection with fresh versus cryopreserved testicular sperm in azoospermic patients
Authors: M. Falah Kani 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study is to compare the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using fresh sperm versus frozen-thawed sperm in both obstructed and non-obstructed azoospermias. This retrospective study included 159 ICSI cycles from 126 couples. In 91 obstructed azoospermia cases, 66 cycles were treated with fresh testicular sperm and 25 cycles were treated with frozen-thawed testicular samples. In 68 non-obstructed azoospermia cases, 32 cycles were treated with fresh testicular sperm and 36 cycles were treated with frozen-thawed testicular sperm, and the main measure and outcomes calculated are fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rate.

Results
In case of obstructed azoospermia, there were no statistically significant differences between fresh sperm and frozen-thawed testicular sperm used for ICSI regarding fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and live birth rate as shown (57%, 47%, 0.093 p value; 23.7%, 17.4%, 0.54 p value; and 11.9%, 8.7%, 0.68 p value, respectively). Non-obstructed azoospermia cases also show no significant differences in fertilization rate (37%, 36%, 0.91 p value), clinical pregnancy rate (20%, 14.3%, 0.58 p value), and live birth rate (4%, 3.6%, 0.93 p value).

Conclusion
Cryopreservation of testicular sperm is reliable if carried out before ovulation induction especially in cases with non-obstructive azoospermia
Commentary on the Recent FSH Collection: Known Knowns and Known Unknowns
Authors: Coss Djurdjica 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a dimeric glycoprotein secreted by the anterior pituitary gonadotrope that is necessary for reproductive function in mammals. FSH primarily regulates granulosa cells and follicular growth in females, and Sertoli cell function in males. Since its identification in the 1930s and sequencing in the 1970s, significant progress has been made in elucidating its regulation and downstream function. Recent advances provide deeper insight into FSH synthesis, and effects in the gonads suggest potential roles in extragonadal tissues and examine pharmacological approaches and clinical applications in infertility treatment that now affect 18% of couples. These advances were discussed in detail in a number of reviews published in the last 2 years in Endocrinology. In this brief commentary, we summarize these reviews and point to the outstanding questions that should be answered in the near future to bridge a gap in our understanding of this hormone.