bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The American
Authors: Oropeza Lorena 
Published: September 2020

In 1964, Reies López Tijerina was unceremoniously deported from Mexico on the suspicion that he was interfering in governmental affairs. The suspicion was baseless, but it left Tijerina, who had always taken pride in his Mexican heritage, no choice but to appeal to the U.S. government to promote the agenda of the organization he headed, the Alianza Federal de Mercedes. Specifically, Tijerina, now emphasizing his U.S. citizenship, sought an investigation into how land originally deeded to Spanish-speakers in New Mexico before the American takeover of the region had rapidly fallen into American hands afterward. Tijerina traveled to Washington D.C. and met high-level officials, including Robert F. Kennedy. Ultimately, only the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) paid him any sustained attention, convinced that Tijerina might be a Mexican operative.
Epilogue
Authors: Oropeza Lorena 
Published: September 2020

As leader of the Alianza de Mercedes Federales, Reies López Tijerina failed to recover even one acre of contested land on behalf of his land-poor Spanish-speaking membership. However, his ideas regarding the nature of American continental expansion remain influential in 2020. After his release from federal prison in 1971, where he spent time in the psychiatric ward suspected of displaying a “personality disorder of the schizoid type,” Tijerina entered a slow slide into near obscurity. New interests, including numerology and genealogy, competed with his land-grant commitments. Certain that a vast Jewish conspiracy threatened global security, Tijerina also displayed a virulent anti-Semitism. Nonetheless, his ideas regarding conquest, indigeneity, land theft, culture, and history infused the Chicano movement and later entered mainstream historical works. He died in 2015.
Monitoring the compliance of sailing ships with fuel sulfur content regulations using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) measurements of ship emissions in open water
Authors: Zhou Fan , Hou Liwei , Zhong Rui , Chen Wei , Ni Xunpeng , Pan Shengda , Zhao Ming , An Bowen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Due to technical and cost limitations, the monitoring of
emissions from ships sailing in open water within ship emission control
areas (ECAs) is relatively rare. The present study adopts a monitoring
method involving an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that takes off from a
patrol boat to measure the concentrations of SO2 and CO2 within
the plumes of sailing ships. Our method aims to provide a low-cost, remote
approach for estimating the fuel sulfur content (FSC) of sailing ships in
open water, which overcomes the limitations of ground-based and small-aircraft-based methods. The selected monitoring area was the Yangtze River
estuary, a domestic ECA with an FSC limit of 0.5 % (m∕m) implemented by
the Chinese government. A total of 27 sailing ships were monitored, 12 of
which were found to have an FSC of >0.5 % (m∕m). Moreover, the
FSCs of the sailing ships were found to be higher than those of berthing
ships in the study area. Based upon the online monitoring results, four of
the monitored ships were intercepted by maritime law enforcement, and
fuel samples were collected and analyzed in a laboratory; the results
confirmed that all four FSCs were >0.5 % (m∕m). Among them,
one offending ship was tracked down on 15 July 2019; this was the first
time that a sailing ship had been caught for having failed the FSC
regulations in China. Overall, the present study provides scientific support
for evaluating the effectiveness of ECA policies and recommends that
emissions from sailing ships be monitored more often in open
water in the future.
Evolution of Urban Flooding in China
Authors: Yan Dianyi , Liu Jiahong , Shao Weiwei , Mei Chao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. With the rapid development of cities in China, urban
flooding becomes a growing problem, which not only affect the living quality
of the public, but also threatens urban safety. Recently, urban flooding is
attached more attention. By analyzing and summarizing urban flooding data
from recent decades, which includes frequency, scope of influence, and
losses, the causes and status quo of urban flooding problems in China is
generalized from varied perspectives of urban climate change, urban
planning, urban construction, urban management and policy. The data shows
that the number of cities suffered from urban flooding increased by
approximately 30 % since 1980s, while the average frequency of urban flood
increased from nearly 1 time in every 2 years to more than 3 times per year
in some major cities that face serious urban flooding risks. Even for those
cities located in west-northern and semi-arid regions, such as Taiyuan in
Shanxi province, they also suffered from urban flooding. Prevention and
control measures like the constriction of sponge city, the upgrade of
drainage system, and the promotion of relative policies are suggested.
Improved understanding of the Senegal floodplain socio-hydrosystems with multi-scalar earth observations
Authors: Ogilvie Andrew , Poussin Jean-Christophe , Bader Jean-Claude , Martin Didier , Ndiaye Gora , Dia Djiby 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In semi-arid regions, the annual floods of alluvial
plains, wetlands and lakes provide essential services to millions of
farmers, livestock holders and fishers. The scale, number and dispersion of
these water bodies limit however their hydrological understanding, whose
complexity is exacerbated by the mutual interactions between water and
society. Rising availability of high spatial and temporal resolution remote
sensing imagery provide novel opportunities to improve the understanding of
the hydrology of multiple water bodies and of their ability to support local
livelihoods. Multi-scalar interdisciplinary research combining remote
sensing, in situ observations, hydrological modelling and farmer interviews
was developed to investigate multiple socio-hydrosystems in the Senegal
floodplain. Surface water monitoring with MNDWI on multi-spectral imagery
(Landsat 5, 7, 8 and Sentinel-2A) is used to identify intra-annual and
inter-annual variations in water availability. Validation against field
monitoring (R2=0.88) and photointerpretation of drone imagery
highlights the benefits of Sentinel's increased resolution to monitor floods
of minor surface area and duration and improve the representation of
hysteresis in floodplains. Integrated into forthcoming river basin
modelling, these results can help simulate the influence of upstream changes
on the hydrology and associated services of these complex socio-hydrosystems
and improve watershed management.
Using UAVs to Manage Archaeological Heritage
Authors: Friedman Erin , Look Cory , Brown Matthew 
Published: September 2020

This chapter explores the use of UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) for the use of archaeological investigations and heritage management at the historic sugar plantation of Betty’s Hope, Antigua. While the acquisition of low flying aerial imagery, such as kite photography, has been common practice within archaeological research, recent software innovations coupling photogrammetry and UAV technologies are providing new tools for exploration. Two different approaches for UAV acquisition are explored in this chapter: the first for use within archaeological excavations and the second for use at studying the landscape. Both have particular implications for heritage management, as the use of structure from motion (SfM) methodology coupled with aerial imagery can be used to produce an accurate 3D surface model of the site that is akin to site scanners and LiDAR technology. The important differences and limitations to these technologies are discussed.
lcc: an R package to estimate the concordance correlation, Pearson correlation and accuracy over time
Authors: Oliveira Thiago P. , Moral Rafael A. , Zocchi Silvio S. , Demetrio Clarice G.B. , Hinde John 
Published: September 2020

Background and Objective
Observational studies and experiments in medicine, pharmacology and agronomy are often concerned with assessing whether different methods/raters produce similar values over the time when measuring a quantitative variable. This article aims to describe the statistical package lcc, for are, that can be used to estimate the extent of agreement between two (or more) methods over the time, and illustrate the developed methodology using three real examples.

Methods
The longitudinal concordance correlation, longitudinal Pearson correlation, and longitudinal accuracy functions can be estimated based on fixed effects and variance components of the mixed-effects regression model. Inference is made through bootstrap confidence intervals and diagnostic can be done via plots, and statistical tests.

Results
The main features of the package are estimation and inference about the extent of agreement using numerical and graphical summaries. Moreover, our approach accommodates both balanced and unbalanced experimental designs or observational studies, and allows for different within-group error structures, while allowing for the inclusion of covariates in the linear predictor to control systematic variations in the response. All examples show that our methodology is flexible and can be applied to many different data types.

Conclusions
The lcc package, available on the CRAN repository, proved to be a useful tool to describe the agreement between two or more methods over time, allowing the detection of changes in the extent of agreement. The inclusion of different structures for the variance-covariance matrices of random effects and residuals makes the package flexible for working with different types of databases.
Earthworms accelerate rice straw decomposition and maintenance of soil organic carbon dynamics in rice agroecosystems
Authors: Song Ke , Sun Lijuan , Lv Weiguang , Zheng Xianqing , Sun Yafei , Terzaghi William , Qin Qin , Xue Yong 
Published: September 2020

Background
To promote straw degradation, we inoculated returned farmland straw with earthworms (Pheretima guillelmi). Increasing the number of earthworms may generally alter soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and the biological activity of agricultural soils.

Methods
We performed soil mesocosm experiments with and without earthworms to assess the decomposition and microbial mineralization of returned straw and soil enzyme activity across different time periods.

Results
When earthworms were present in soil, the surface residues were completely consumed during the first four weeks, but when earthworms were absent, most of the residues remained on the soil surface after 18 weeks. On day 28, the SOC content was significantly higher in the treatment where both earthworms and residue had been added. The SOC content was lower in the treatment where earthworms but no residue had been added. The organic carbon content in water-stable macroaggregates showed the same trend. During the first 14 weeks, the soil basal respiration was highest in the treatments with both residues and earthworms. From weeks 14 to 18, basal respiration was highest in the treatments with residues but without earthworms. We found a significant positive correlation between soil basal respiration and soil dissolved organic carbon content. Earthworms increased the activity of protease, invertase, urease and alkaline phosphatase enzymes, but decreased β-cellobiohydrolase, β-glucosidase and xylosidase activity, as well as significantly reducing ergosterol content.

Conclusion
The primary decomposition of exogenous rice residues was mainly performed by earthworms. Over a short period of time, they converted plant carbon into soil carbon and increased SOC. The earthworms played a key role in carbon conversion and stabilization. In the absence of exogenous residues, earthworm activity accelerated the decomposition of original organic carbon in the soil, reduced SOC, and promoted carbon mineralization.
Cocoa colonic phenolic metabolites are related to HDL-cholesterol raising effects and methylxanthine metabolites and insoluble dietary fibre to anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic effects in humans
Authors: Sarriá Beatriz , Gomez-Juaristi Miren , Martínez López Sara , García Cordero Joaquín , Bravo Laura , Mateos Briz Mª Raquel 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundIn many cocoa intervention studies, health outcomes are related to cocoa components without taking into account the bioavailability of the main bioactive components: phenolic compounds and methylxanthines.MethodsThe present work associates the results of bioavailability and randomised controlled crossover studies in humans carried out with similar cocoa products, so that the main phenol and methylxanthine metabolites observed in plasma and urine are associated to the health effects observed in the chronic studies. We outstand that doses of cocoa and consumption rate used are realistic. In the bioavailability study, a conventional (CC) and a methylxanthine-polyphenol rich (MPC) cocoa product were used, whereas in the chronic study a dietary fibre-rich (DFC) and a polyphenol-rich (PC) product were studied in healthy and cardiovascular risk subjects.Results and DiscussionThe main phenolic metabolites formed after CC and MPC intake, 5-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone-3′-sulfate, 3′-methyl-epicatechin-5-sulfate, 4-hydroxy-5-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)valeric acid-sulfate, 5-phenyl-γ-valerolactone--sulfate and 5-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone-3′-glucuronide, may contribute to the changes in cholesterol (and indirectly HDL-cholesterol) observed after the regular intake of both DFC and PC, in healthy and cardiovascular risk subjects, whereas 7-methylxanthine (the main cocoa methylxanthine metabolite) and theobromine, together with its content in insoluble dietary fibre, may be responsible for the decrease of IL-1β and hypoglycemic effects observed with DFC. With both phenolic and methylxanthine metabolites a strong dose–response effect was observed.ConclusionAfter the regular consumption of both DFC and PC, positive changes were observed in volunteer’s lipid profile, which may be related to the long-lasting presence of colonic phenolic metabolites in blood. In contrast, the anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic effects were only observed with DFC, and these may be related to methylxanthine metabolites, and it is likely that insoluble dietary fibre may have also played a role.
Selective Surface Reconstruction of a Defective Iridium‐Based Catalyst for High‐Efficiency Water Splitting
Authors: Pi Yecan , Xu Yong , Li Leigang , Sun Tu , Huang Bolong , Bu Lingzheng , Ma Yanhang , Hu Zhiwei , Pao Chih‐Wen , Huang Xiaoqing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDevelopment of robust catalysts for electrochemical water splitting is a critical topic for the energy conversion field. Herein, a precise electrochemical reconstruction of IrTe2 hollow nanoshuttles (HNSs) is performed for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER), the two half reactions of water splitting. It is determined that the reconstruction of IrTe2 HNSs can be regulated by adjusting the potential during electrochemical dealloying, in which mild and high potentials lead to the formation of IrTe2 HNSs with metal Ir shell (D‐IrTe2 HNSs) and IrOx surface (DO‐IrTe2 HNSs), respectively. Detailed analyses reveal that such electrochemical reconstruction has produced abundant defects in D‐IrTe2 and DO‐IrTe2 HNSs. As a result of this, D‐IrTe2 HNSs present a very low HER overpotential of 54 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH. Moreover, the turnover frequency of DO‐IrTe2 HNSs is 0.36 O2 s−1 at an OER overpotential of 250 mV in 0.5 m H2SO4, outperforming the most of reported Ir‐based catalysts. Furthermore, the D‐IrTe2||DO‐IrTe2 couple exhibits promising activity for the overall water splitting in both 1.0 m KOH and 0.5 m H2SO4. This study promotes the fundamental research for the design of efficient catalysts via surface engineering.
Robust Polyethylenimine Electrolyte for High Performance and Thermally Stable Atomic Switch Memristors
Authors: Yang Dongliang , Yang Huiyong , Guo Xiangyu , Zhang Haitao , Jiao Chaohui , Xiao Wei , Guo Pengqian , Wang Qi , He Deyan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOrganic polymer solid electrolytes show interesting application prospects in resistive switching memories and brain‐inspired computing ionic devices. However, polymer electrolytes can easily decompose under heat treatment and their ionic conductivity can vary significantly at different temperatures. Among the reported polymer memristors, most of them lack sufficient reproducibility, endurance, stability, uniformity, and inter alia heat tolerance. Based on a molecular group that is thermally stable over a large temperature range and a structure with polar bonds for assisted ion migration, herein, a new polymer memristor is demonstrated employing polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a solid electrolyte for the first time. Atomic switch memristors equipped with PEI solid polymer electrolyte exhibit stable resistive switching at room temperature and high temperatures with a good retention, large ON/OFF ratio of 105, and stable cycle performance within a temperature range from 25 to 150 °C. The memristors fabricated on a polyimide substrate exhibit excellent switching performance at 150 °C after 2000 bending cycles, illustrating the potential for flexible electronic applications. Structural analysis reveals that the excellent thermally stable switching performance is derived from the stability of the molecular chain and a lower Tg (glass transition temperature).
Incommensurate–Commensurate Transition in the Geometric Ferroelectric LaTaO4
Authors: Howieson Grant W. , Wu Shitao , Gibbs Alexandra S. , Zhou Wuzong , Scott James F. , Morrison Finlay D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe layered perovskite LaTaO4 has been synthesized to be stable in both (polar) orthorhombic and (nonpolar) monoclinic polymorphs at ambient conditions. Although the structural transition between monoclinic and orthorhombic phases has been well established, there is some controversy regarding a further, unidentified transition around 500 K. Here this is identified as an incommensurate–commensurate first‐order transition between incommensurate Cmc21(α00)0s0 and commensurate Cmc21 orthorhombic phases. Transmission electron microscopy indicates partially ordered stacking of different structural units in a, identifying the local cause for the modulation, whereas variable temperature powder neutron diffraction has shown the overall macroscopic modulation vector, q ≈ (0.456, 0, 0)—roughly a 2.2 × expansion in a, corresponding to an approximate 11a commensurate superunit cell dimension. The modulation shows a continuous temperature dependence until transitioning to the basic (commensurate) cell at TIC‐C. Doping the interlayer La sites with smaller Nd cations stabilizes the incommensuration to higher temperature, suggesting the modulation is geometrically driven at the A site.
Bent‐But‐Not‐Broken: Reactive Metal‐Organic Framework Composites from Elastomeric Phase‐Inverted Polymers
Authors: Peterson Gregory W. , Mahle John J. , Tovar Trenton M. , Epps Thomas H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA phase inversion process is used to fabricate composite beads from the metal–organic framework (MOF) UiO‐66‐NH2 and the elastomeric block copolymer poly(styrene‐block‐ethylene‐ran‐butylene‐block‐styrene) (SEBS) for improved performance over activated carbon‐based protective textiles. Textiles incorporating the best MOF‐composite materials reduced steady‐state permeation of the chemical warfare agent (CWAs) simulant, 2‐chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), by ≈60% versus activated carbon cloth. Additionally, the protection capabilities of the composite beads could be further tuned by adjusting bead size—textiles fabricated from smaller composite beads show enhanced diffusional properties whereas textiles generated from larger beads maximize protective capacity. The elastomeric beads also do not exhibit any attrition when subjected to a hardness test, whereas traditional pressing techniques result in materials with only a 20% retention of particle size. Furthermore, composites with increasing MOF content result in enhanced chemical capacity and reactivity, with the best composite outperforming activated carbon cloth against the CWAs soman (91% versus 17% reacted, respectively) and mustard (97% versus 0% reacted, respectively) over 24 h. The 80 wt% samples also have ≈1.4 and 2.2× higher adsorption capacity for soman and CEES, respectively, versus carbon cloth. Finally, mixing multiple MOFs results in optimal composites for the simultaneous filtration of chlorine and ammonia.
Dye Stabilization and Wavelength Tunability in Lasing Fibers Based on DNA
Authors: Persano Luana , Szukalski Adam , Gaio Michele , Moffa Maria , Salvadori Giacomo , Sznitko Lech , Camposeo Andrea , Mysliwiec Jaroslaw , Sapienza Riccardo , Mennucci Benedetta , Pisignano Dario 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLasers based on biological materials are attracting an increasing interest in view of their use in integrated and transient photonics. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as optical biopolymer in combination with highly emissive dyes has been reported to have excellent potential in this respect. However, achieving miniaturized lasing systems based on solid‐state DNA shaped in different geometries to confine and enhance emission is still a challenge, and the physicochemical mechanisms originating fluorescence enhancement are not fully understood. Herein, a class of wavelength‐tunable lasers based on DNA nanofibers is demonstrated, for which optical properties are highly controlled through the system morphology. A synergistic effect is highlighted at the basis of lasing action. Through a quantum chemical investigation, it is shown that the interaction of DNA with the encapsulated dye leads to hindered twisting and suppressed channels for the nonradiative decay. This is combined with effective waveguiding, optical gain, and tailored mode confinement to promote morphologically controlled lasing in DNA‐based nanofibers. The results establish design rules for the development of bright and tunable nanolasers and optical networks based on DNA nanostructures.
Prediction of the Abnormal Properties in Monolayer α‐AlxGa2−xO3
Authors: Wei Yidan , Liu Chaoming , Tsai Hsu‐Sheng , Zhang Yanqing , Qi Chunhua , Ma Guoliang , Wang Tianqi , Huo Mingxue 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present work based on the first principle and molecular dynamics calculations predicts the new 2D monolayers exfoliated from α‐AlxGa2−xO3 with non‐van der Waals interactions. The huge differences in electronic, optical, and thermal performances have been observed between the new 2D monolayers and their bulk parents, and these properties can effectively be tuned by the ratio of Al and Ga. In particular, the thermal conductivity of monolayer α‐AlGaO3 is the highest among the 2D α‐AlxGa2−xO3 phases. This calculation can be the basis for seeking the 2D α‐AlxGa2−xO3 with machinability, suitable optical, and thermal performances during the design and development of flexible devices.