bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To have and to hold: Emotional distress, divorce denial, and the politics of interspousal torts
Authors: Starr Keshet 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
While domestic abuse can manifest itself in many forms, one example of abuse within the divorce process is the denial of the religious divorce. In Jewish law, the parties must transact a bill of divorce (known as a get) before they are divorced. If a spouse refuses to cooperate with this process, they limit their former partner’s ability to date and remarry within the community, effectively maintaining coercive control post-divorce. This article will examine whether or not victims of get refusal would be able to recover monetary awards under the tort doctrine of Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress (IIED). This article will argue that while the facts of get refusal meet the central elements of the tort of IIED, these cases are unlikely to succeed in most states due to the court system’s reluctance to apply IIED to interspousal torts. The reasons behind this hesitation draw on the complex history of domestic abuse and tort law, and historical legal prioritizations of family privacy over abuse victims’ safety. Additionally, I will explore the history of the IIED tort as a vehicle for social change and examine how IIED can still play that role today. Ultimately, I will argue for the necessity of courts’ abandoning lasting vestiges of the marital privacy doctrine and providing redress to victims of this insidious form of domestic abuse.
On the convergence of a finite volume method for the Navier–Stokes–Fourier system
Authors: Feireisl Eduard , Lukáčová-Medviďová Mária , Mizerová Hana , She Bangwei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe goal of the paper is to study the convergence of finite volume approximations of the Navier–Stokes–Fourier system describing the motion of compressible, viscous and heat-conducting fluids. The numerical flux uses upwinding with an additional numerical diffusion of order $\mathcal O(h^{ \varepsilon +1})$, $0&lt;\varepsilon &lt;1$. The approximate solutions are piecewise constant functions with respect to the underlying polygonal mesh. We show that the numerical solutions converge strongly to the classical solution as long as the latter exists. On the other hand, any uniformly bounded sequence of numerical solutions converges unconditionally to the classical solution of the Navier–Stokes–Fourier system without assuming a priori its existence. A similar unconditional convergence result is obtained for a sequence of numerical solutions with uniformly bounded densities and temperatures if the bulk viscosity vanishes.
Evaluation of Dry and Wet Formulations of Oxalic Acid, Thymol, and Oregano Oil for Varroa Mite (Acari: Varroidae) Control in Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies
Authors: Sabahi Qodratollah , Morfin Nuria , Emsen Berna , Gashout Hanan A , Kelly Paul G , Otto Stephanie , Merrill A Rod , Guzman-Novoa Ernesto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The efficacy and safety of dry and wet formulations of three nonsynthetic compounds, oxalic acid (OA), thymol (T), and oregano oil (OO), for the control of Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman infestations in honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus) colonies were determined. The treatments were OA in dust, OA diluted in glycerin solvent embedded in a towel, T in dust, T in glycerin solvent and towel, OO in dry microcapsules, OO in glycerin solvent and towel, and the control. The treatments were applied weekly for 4 wk during the fall season. The rates of acaricide efficacy, weekly mite fall, bee mortality, colony survivorship, and strength, were determined for each of the treatments. All formulations, with the exemption of OO microcapsules, were effective at controlling infestations of V. destructor. The most effective formulations were T dust (96.6%), T glycerin (92.4%), and OA glycerin (79%). More than 85% of the mites were killed during the first 2 wk of treatment with T formulations, compared to less than 30% for the OA glycerin formulation. The lowest efficacy rate was for OO microcapsules (21.3%), and the only treatment that significantly increased bee mortality was OA glycerin. The rates of winter colony survival and honey bee populations were related to the varroacidal efficacy of the formulations. The implications of these findings are discussed.
How do firms in co-located clusters interact? Evidence from Greater Montreal
Authors: Turkina Ekaterina , Van Assche Ari , Doloreux David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We developed a theoretical framework to explore how firms agglomerate and develop linkages within and across co-located clusters in a competitive urban economy. We applied our framework to Montreal, where we analyzed relationships among its aerospace, information technology and artificial intelligence firms. Using network community structure analysis, we show that firm linkages largely agglomerate within industrial lines. However, there are important nuances. Clusters themselves are not homogeneous and firms specializing in similar or complementary technological subfields develop denser connections with each other. Moreover, technological similarity and complementarity, as well as a common business context, force some groups of firms to develop linkages across clusters, creating significant overlap across certain industries.
Women in extraordinary times: the impact of external jolts on professional women’s careers
Authors: Cohen Laurie , Duberley Joanne 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article examines the impact of external jolts on professional women’s careers. Although scholars have begun to address the role of context in career, little research has addressed the effects of unexpected and uncontrollable events. This is regrettable, particularly in the light of the current pandemic that appears to be impacting on us in hitherto unimaginable ways. We draw on the accounts of women professionals who appeared on the iconic BBC radio programme, Desert Island Discs. Our study culminates in two contributions: the first relates to the interplay of structure and agency in women’s accounts of jolts and their response. The second argues that jolts trigger changes in the career imagination, and potentially in professional landscapes themselves.
Case reports: mild COVID-19 infection and acute arterial thrombosis
Authors: Osilli Dixon , Pavlovica Jelena , Mane Rashi , Ibrahim Mohammed , Bouhelal Amina , Jacob Sabu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We present two cases of acute arterial thrombosis in patients who were confirmed to be SARS-CoV-2 positive. Neither of the patients had a background of underlying vascular morbidity. At the time of presentation, both patients exhibited only mild respiratory symptoms of COVID-19. After initial assessment and work-up, both patients underwent surgery for their respective vascular pathologies. They both did well post-operatively and were discharged home. This is an unusual presentation of acute arterial thrombosis in two patients with only mild symptoms of COVID-19 infection.
Primary ectopic Merkel cell carcinoma without skin involvement—report of a case with prolonged survival
Authors: Effraimidou Eleni , Kofina Konstantinia , Giatromanolaki Alexandra , Chatzipantelis Paschalis , Karanikas Michael , Lyratzopoulos Nicolaos 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare neuroendocrine malignancy that arises from the dermis, in cases of immunocompromised, middle-aged patients or on skin exposed to sunlight. It only rarely presents in extra-cutaneous locations. We present the case of a 63-year-old female with a mass in the adipose tissue of the upper arm, without skin involvement and concurrent axillary lymph node enlargement. She was treated with wide excision and lymph node dissection; pathology led to the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma, and she was subsequently submitted to adjuvant radiotherapy. No signs of recurrence are present 8 years postoperatively. Primary Merkel cell carcinoma can rarely be located in the adipose tissue without skin involvement. In cases of high suspicion, preoperative MRI scan can show the extent of the lesion, as well as lymph metastases.
Infarcted ligamentum teres hepatis lipoma mimicking acute abdomen in a female patient: a case report and mini-review of the literature
Authors: Bangeas P , Bitzika S , Loufopoulos P , Drevelegkas K , Papadopoulos V N 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLipomas of the ligamentum teres hepatis are extremely uncommon. There have been only a few cases reported in the literature, including lipomas of the falciform ligament of the liver. Here we report a case of torsion and infarction of a lipoma of the ligamentum teres hepatis in a 43-year-old female patient, who presented with acute epigastric pain, nausea and vomiting. Diagnosis was based on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Patient underwent exploratory laparoscopy followed by laparoscopic excision of the infracted lipoma. Finally, we also provide a mini-review of the literature in order to highlight that although rare, this pathology should be included in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen.
The Veterans Health Administration Whole Health Model of Care: Early Implementation and Utilization at a Large Healthcare System
Authors: Marchand William R , Beckstrom Julie , Nazarenko Elena , Sweeny Renn U , Herrmann Tracy , Yocus McKenzi R , Romesser Jennifer , Roper Jeremy , Yabko Brandon , Parker Ashley 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The U.S. Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is changing the way it provides healthcare to a model known as Whole Health (WH). The aim is to shift from a primarily medical/disease-oriented system to a model that focuses on health promotion and disease prevention; utilizes personalized, proactive, and patient-driven care; and emphasizes the use of complementary and integrative health. This investigation aimed to examine referral and utilization patterns in early implementation at tertiary care VHA medical care system. Specific aims were to evaluate (1) referral patterns, (2) initial treatment engagement, and (3) continuity of treatment engagement.

Materials and methods
This is an institutional review board-approved, retrospective study of the first 561 veterans referred to WH programming in the first 20 months of implementation. Data analyses included a chi-square goodness of fit to compare demographics of veterans who were referred to WH Services with those of local patient population. At this facility, WH offers services in three tracks (General WH, Mindfulness Center [MC], and WH Nutrition), which offer unique services to veterans. A chi-square test for independence was conducted to analyze differences in initial engagement among the WH components, in referrals and retention among WH components by time period, and in demographics or diagnoses among self-referred or veterans referred by a consult. Finally, a regression model was used to assess for predictive factors that might influence continuity of treatment engagement across all the WH tracks.

Results
Key findings indicated potential implementation challenges including disproportionate numbers of referrals from clinical services; poor initial and ongoing treatment engagement; and older, male, and non-service-connected Veterans being less likely to be referred.

Conclusion
Implementation of the WH model of care has the potential to transform the way VHA delivers healthcare and improve the health and lives of veterans. However, a shift of this magnitude is likely to face challenges during implementation. This article reports on initial barriers to implementation, which can guide implementation at other sites as well as future investigations. Further research is needed to replicate these results as well as to determine underlying causal factors. However, if replicated, these results indicate that successful implementation of WH, or similar models of care, will require extensive efforts focused on outreach to, and education of, facility providers and certain patient demographic groups. Finally, efforts will be required to enhance treatment engagement.
Eigengalaxies: describing galaxy morphology using principal components in image space
Authors: Uzeirbegovic Emir , Geach James E , Kaviraj Sugata 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTWe demonstrate how galaxy morphologies can be represented by weighted sums of ‘eigengalaxies’ and how eigengalaxies can be used in a probabilistic framework to enable principled and simplified approaches in a variety of applications. Eigengalaxies can be derived from a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of sets of single- or multiband images. They encode the image space equivalent of basis vectors that can be combined to describe the structural properties of large samples of galaxies in a massively reduced manner. As an illustration, we show how a sample of  10243 galaxies in the Hubble Space Telescope CANDELS survey can be represented by just 12 eigengalaxies. We show in some detail how this image space may be derived and tested. We also describe a probabilistic extension to PCA (PPCA) which enables the eigengalaxy framework to assign probabilities to galaxies. We present four practical applications of the probabilistic eigengalaxy framework that are particularly relevant for the next generation of large imaging surveys: we (i) show how low likelihood galaxies make for natural candidates for outlier detection; (ii) demonstrate how missing data can be predicted; (iii) show how a similarity search can be performed on exemplars; (iv) demonstrate how unsupervised clustering of objects can be implemented.
Active galactic nucleus and dwarf galaxy gas kinematics
Authors: Manzano-King Christina M , Canalizo Gabriela 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
We present spatially resolved kinematic measurements of stellar and ionized gas components of dwarf galaxies in the stellar mass range $10^{8.5}\!-\!10^{10} \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$, selected from Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR7 and DR8 and followed up with Keck/Low-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer spectroscopy. We study the potential effects of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) on Galaxy-wide gas kinematics by comparing rotation curves of 26 Galaxies containing AGNs, and 19 control Galaxies with no optical or infrared signs of AGNs. We find a strong association between AGN activity and disturbed gas kinematics in the host Galaxies. While star-forming Galaxies in this sample tend to have orderly gas discs that co-rotate with the stars, 73 per cent of the AGNs have disturbed gas. We find that 5 out of 45 Galaxies have gaseous components in counter-rotation with their stars, and all Galaxies exhibiting counter-rotation contain AGNs. Six out of seven isolated Galaxies with disturbed ionized gas host AGNs. At least three AGNs fall clearly below the stellar–halo mass relation, which could be interpreted as evidence for ongoing star formation suppression. Taken together, these results provide new evidence supporting the ability of AGN to influence gas kinematics and suppress star formation in dwarf galaxies. This further demonstrates the importance of including AGN as a feedback mechanism in galaxy formation models in the low-mass regime.
Estimation of the black hole spin in LMC X-1 using AstroSat
Authors: Mudambi Sneha Prakash , Rao A , Gudennavar S B , Misra R , Bubbly S G 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
LMC X-1, a persistent, rapidly rotating, extra-galactic, black hole X-ray binary (BHXB) discovered in 1969, has always been observed in its high soft state. Unlike many other BHXBs, the black hole mass, source distance, and binary orbital inclination are well established. In this work, we report the results of simultaneous broad-band spectral studies of LMC X-1 carried out using the data from Soft X-ray Telescope and Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter aboard AstroSat as observed on 2016 November 26 and 2017 August 28. The combined spectrum was modelled with a multicolour blackbody emission (diskbb), a Gaussian along with a Comptonization component (simpl) in the energy range 0.7–30.0 keV. The spectral analysis revealed that the source was in its high soft state (Γ = 2.67$^{+0.24}_{-0.24}$ and Γ = 2.12$^{+0.19}_{-0.20}$) with a hot disc (kTin = 0.86$^{+0.01}_{-0.01}$ and kTin = 0.87$^{+0.02}_{-0.02}$). Thermal disc emission was fitted with a relativistic model (kerrbb) and spin of the black hole was estimated to be 0.93$^{+0.01}_{-0.01}$ and 0.93$^{+0.04}_{-0.03}$ (statistical errors) for the two Epochs through X-ray continuum-fitting, which agrees with the previous results.
A method for classification of red, blue, and green galaxies using fuzzy set theory
Authors: Pandey Biswajit 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Red and blue galaxies are traditionally classified using some specific cuts in colour or other galaxy properties, which are supported by empirical arguments. The vagueness associated with such cuts are likely to introduce a significant contamination in these samples. Fuzzy sets are vague boundary sets that can efficiently capture the classification uncertainty in the absence of any precise boundary. We propose a method for classification of galaxies according to their colours using fuzzy set theory. We use data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to construct a fuzzy set for red galaxies with its members having different degrees of ‘redness’. We show that the fuzzy sets for the blue and green galaxies can be obtained from it using different fuzzy operations. We also explore the possibility of using fuzzy relation to study the relationship between different galaxy properties and discuss its strengths and limitations.
Public Attribution of Responsibility for Disaster Preparedness across Three Levels of Government and the Public: Lessons from a Survey of Residents of the U.S. South Atlantic and Gulf Coast
Authors: Wehde Wesley , Nowlin Matthew C 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUsing survey data collected from residents of counties along the South Atlantic and Gulf Coasts of the United States, we use innovative compositional data analysis techniques to examine individuals’ assignment of responsibility for hurricane preparedness across federal, state, and local officials as well as among household residents and their community. We find that the public assigns limited responsibility for hurricane preparedness to governments. Rather, respondents, especially conservatives and those with low trust in government, view individuals themselves as responsible for preparedness. Our results emphasize the role of ideology and the individualistic culture of American politics. These results also have implications for scholars who study individual attribution responsibility in multi-level systems and who may assume that individuals will assign responsibility to one of the various levels of government; however, focusing on disaster preparation in particular, our study shows that a significant number of individuals may not assign responsibility to government at any level.
Learning about Competitors: Evidence from SME Lending
Authors: Darmouni Olivier , Sutherland Andrew 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study how small and medium enterprise (SME) lenders react to information about their competitors’ contracting decisions. To isolate this learning from lenders’ common reactions to unobserved shocks to fundamentals, we exploit the staggered entry of lenders into an information-sharing platform. Upon entering, lenders adjust their contract terms toward what others offer. This reaction is mediated by the distribution of market shares: lenders with higher shares or that operate in concentrated markets react less. Thus, contract terms are shaped not only by borrower or lender fundamentals but also by the interaction between information availability and competition.
Changes in bone formation regulator biomarkers in early axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Descamps Elise , Molto Anna , Borderie Didier , Lories Rik , Richard Corinne Miceli , Pons Marion , Roux Christian , Briot Karine 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe hallmark of advanced axial SpA (axSpA) is spine ankylosis due to excessive ectopic bone formation. This prospective study aimed to describe the changes in serum levels of different regulators [sclerostin, dickkopf-1 (DKK-1)] and markers of bone formation [bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7)] over 5 years in early axSpA patients and to assess determinants of such changes.MethodsThe DEvenir des Spondyloarthropathies Indifférenciées Récentes cohort is a prospective, multicentre French study of 708 patients with early (&gt;3 months–&lt;3 years) inflammatory back pain suggestive of axSpA. Serum levels of BMP-7, sclerostin and DKK-1 were assessed at baseline and after 2 and 5 years. Changes in bone formation regulators over time were analysed using mixed linear models.ResultsSerum BMP-7 significantly increased over time, with a median relative change of 223.7% [interquartile range (IQR) 0–10 700 (0.17 pg/ml/month), P &lt; 0.001]. Serum sclerostin significantly increased over time, with a median relative change of 14.8% [IQR −7.9–41.4% (0.001 ng/ml/month), P &lt; 0.001]. Serum DKK-1 did not significantly change over time. Serum BMP-7 increased over time in active disease (Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score with CRP ≥1.3, P = 0.01), but the increase was less pronounced with TNF inhibitor (TNFi) use (P &lt; 0.001). No determinant was associated with serum sclerostin change.ConclusionSerum BMP-7 change over 5 years was related with inflammation; it was increased in active disease, but the increase was low with TNFi use. Serum sclerostin levels significantly increased over time, but to a lesser degree than for serum BMP-7.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/, NCT01648907.
Asymptomatic Duodenitis and Helicobacter pylori associated Dyspepsia in 2-Year-Old Chronic Malnourished Bangladeshi Slum-Dwelling Children: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hossain Md Shabab , Das Subhasish , Begum S M Khodeza Nahar , Rahman M Masudur , Mazumder Ramendra Nath , Gazi Md Amran , Fahim Shah Mohammad , Mahfuz Mustafa , Haque Rashidul , Petri William A , Sarker Shafiqul Alam , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Aim
There is insufficient knowledge on the * duodenal histology and Helicobacter pylori infection in malnourished Bangladeshi children. Therefore, we attempted to explore the prevalence of H. pylori infection and duodenal histopathology in 2-year-old chronic malnourished Bangladeshi slum-dwelling children and investigate their association with dyspeptic symptoms.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted using the data of the Bangladesh Environmental Enteric Dysfunction study in an urban slum of Dhaka, Bangladesh. With a view to address the association of environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) with stunting, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was performed on 54 chronic malnourished children {31 stunted [length-for-age Z-scores (LAZ) &lt;−2] and 23 at risk of stunting (LAZ &lt;−1 to −2)} aged between 12–24 months and the mucosal biopsies were subjected to histopathological examination after obtaining proper clinical history. Stool antigen for H. pylori (HpSA) was assessed to determine H. pylori status.

Results
In all, 83.3% (45/54) of the children had histopathological evidence of duodenitis. Chronic mild duodenitis was found to be the most prevalent form of duodenitis (53.7%) in the children. Only 8.9% (4/45) of the children with duodenitis had dyspepsia (p &lt; 0.05). The 14.8% (8/54) of the children were found positive for H. pylori infection. Logistic regression analysis revealed children positive for HpSA had significant association with dyspepsia (OR 9.34; 95% CI 1.54–56.80).

Conclusions
The number of chronic malnourished children suffering from duodenitis was found to be very high. Majority of these children was asymptomatic. Children positive for HpSA had significant association with dyspeptic symptoms.