bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein expression profiles in murine ventricles modeling catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: effects of genotype and sex
Authors: Saadeh Khalil , Achercouk Zakaria , Fazmin Ibrahim T. , Nantha Kumar Nakulan , Salvage Samantha C. , Edling Charlotte E. , Huang Christopher L.‐H. , Jeevaratnam Kamalan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCatecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is associated with mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2). These result in stress‐induced ventricular arrhythmic episodes, with clinical symptoms and prognosis reported more severe in male than female patients. Murine homozygotic RyR2‐P2328S (RyR2S/S) hearts replicate the proarrhythmic CPVT phenotype of abnormal sarcoplasmic reticular Ca2+ leak and disrupted Ca2+ homeostasis. In addition, RyR2S/S hearts show decreased myocardial action potential conduction velocities (CV), all features implicated in arrhythmic trigger and substrate. The present studies explored for independent and interacting effects of RyR2S/S genotype and sex on expression levels of molecular determinants of Ca2+ homeostasis (CASQ2, FKBP12, SERCA2a, NCX1, and CaV1.2) and CV (NaV1.5, Connexin (Cx)‐43, phosphorylated‐Cx43, and TGF‐β1) in mice. Expression levels of Ca2+ homeostasis proteins were not altered, hence implicating abnormal RyR2 function alone in disrupted cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis. Furthermore, altered NaV1.5, phosphorylated Cx43, and TGF‐β1 expression were not implicated in the development of slowed CV. By contrast, decreased Cx43 expression correlated with slowed CV, in female, but not male, RyR2S/S mice. The CV changes may reflect acute actions of the increased cytosolic Ca2+ on NaV1.5 and Cx43 function.
The development of working memory spatialization revealed by using the cave paradigm in a two‐alternative spatial choice
Authors: Guida Alessandro , Fartoukh Michaël , Mathy Fabien 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhen Western participants are asked to keep in mind a sequence of verbal items, they tend to associate the first items to the left and the last items to the right. This phenomenon, known as the spatial–positional association response codes effect, has been interpreted as showing that individuals spatialize the memoranda by creating a left‐to‐right mental line with them. One important gap in our knowledge concerns the development of this phenomenon: when do Western individuals start organizing their thought from left to right? To answer this question, 274 participants in seven age groups were tested (kindergarten, Grades 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and adults). We used a new protocol meant to be child‐friendly, which involves associating two caves with two animals using a two‐alternative spatial forced choice. Participants had to guess in which cave a specific animal could be hidden. Results showed that it is from Grade 3 on that participants spatialize information in working memory in a left‐to‐right fashion like adults.
Achalasia: what to do in the face of failures of Heller myotomy
Authors: Felix Valter N. , Murayama Kenric M. , Bonavina Luigi , Park Moo In 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAchalasia is a primary motility disorder of the esophagus, and while there are several treatment options, there is no consensus regarding them. When therapeutic intervention for achalasia fails, a careful evaluation of the cause of the persistent or recurrent symptoms using upper endoscopy, esophageal manometry, and contrast radiologic studies is required to understand the cause of therapy failure and guide plans for subsequent treatment. Options for reintervention are the same as for primary intervention and include pneumatic dilation, botulinum toxin injection, peroral endoscopic myotomy, or redo esophageal myotomy. When reintervention fails or if the esophagus is not amenable to intervention and the disease is considered end‐stage, esophagectomy is the last option to manage recurrent achalasia.
Herbivore‐induced DMNT catalyzed by CYP82D47 plays an important role in the induction of JA‐dependent herbivore resistance of neighboring tea plants
Authors: Jing Tingting , Du Wenkai , Gao Ting , Wu Yi , Zhang Na , Zhao Mingyue , Jin Jieyang , Wang Jingming , Schwab Wilfried , Wan Xiaochun , Song Chuankui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHerbivore‐induced plant volatiles play important ecological roles in defense against stresses. However, if and which volatile(s) are involved in the plant–plant communication in response to herbivorous insects in tea plants remains unknown. Here, plant–plant communication experiments confirm that volatiles emitted from insects‐attacked tea plants can trigger plant resistance and reduce the risk of herbivore damage by inducing jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation in neighboring plants. The emission of six compounds was significantly induced by geometrid Ectropis obliqua, one of the most common pests of the tea plant in China. Among them, (E)‐4,8‐dimethyl‐1,3,7‐nonatriene (DMNT) could induce the accumulation of JA and thus promotes the resistance of neighboring intact plants to herbivorous insects. CsCYP82D47 was identified for the first time as a P450 enzyme, which catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of DMNT from (E)‐nerolidol. Down‐regulation of CsCYP82D47 in tea plants resulted in a reduced accumulation of DMNT and significantly reduced the release of DMNT in response to the feeding of herbivorous insects. The first evidence for plant–plant communication in response to herbivores in tea plants will help to understand how plants respond to volatile cues in response to herbivores and provide new insight into the role(s) of DMNT in tea plants.
When lending an ear turns into mistreatment: An episodic examination of leader mistreatment in response to venting at work
Authors: Rosen Christopher C. , Gabriel Allison S. , Lee Hun Whee , Koopman Joel , Johnson Russell E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVenting—an emotion‐focused form of coping involving the discharge of negative feelings to others—is common in organizational settings. Venting may benefit the self via the release of negative emotion, or by acting as a catalyst for changes to problematic work situations. Nonetheless, venting might have unintended consequences via its influence on those who are the recipients of venting from others. In light of this idea, we provide a theoretical explanation for how leaders in particular are affected by venting receipt at work. Drawing from the transactional model of stress, we theorize that venting tends to be appraised as a threat, which triggers negative emotion that, in turn, potentiates deviant action tendencies (i.e., interpersonal mistreatment). Yet, our theory suggests that not all leaders necessarily experience venting in the same way. Specifically, leaders with higher need for cognition are less influenced by surface‐level cues associated with others’ emotional expressions and find challenging interpersonal situations to be less aversive, thereby attenuating the deleterious effects of receipt of venting. In an experience sampling study of 112 managers across 10 consecutive workdays, we find support for our theoretical model. Altogether, our findings provide insight into the costs incurred when leaders lend an ear to those who vent, which can result in negative downstream consequences.
Cleaner fish in aquaculture: review on diseases and vaccination
Authors: Erkinharju Toni , Dalmo Roy A. , Hansen Miroslava , Seternes Tore 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCombating and controlling sea lice causes large economic costs for the farmers, with estimated values of more than 305 million euros (€) per year. Increased resistance against traditional chemotherapeutants due to evolutionary drivers in the sea lice combined with the lack of an effective vaccine and few other chemical treatments available are expected to cause these costs to increase. Several possible methods for managing sea lice infestations have been investigated, but only cleaner fish has proven to have an effect on lice levels. Cleaning activity is well known in marine fish and has been observed in the wild as a form of symbiosis between two species: one species, the ‘client’ fish, seek out the other species, the ‘cleaner’ fish, to have ectoparasites and dead tissue cleared from its body. The Atlantic lumpfish is a relatively new aquaculture species, and wild‐caught mature fish are used as brood stock for farmed production. This poses a biosecurity risk, as wild fish can carry pathogens, and the use of quarantine and health screening is recommended. Vaccine development is unfortunately lagging far behind relatively to the wide spread and high utilisation of the fish. This review contains description of the main pathogens and diseases that affect cleaner fish.
Estimation of (co)variance components for birth weight in Nellore cattle using alternative data editing criteria
Authors: dos Santos Correia Luiz Eduardo Cruz , da Silva Faria Ricardo António , de Oliveira Matheus Henrique Vargas , Aspilcueta Borquis Rusbel Raúl , Curi Rogério Abdallah , de Vasconcelos Silva Josineudson Augusto II 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to estimate the (co)variance components and breeding values for birthweight (BW) in Nellore cattle by considering or not identical weights that exhibit a high frequency within the contemporary group (CG). A total of 175,258 BW records of Nellore cattle born between 2002 and 2018 were used. The CG was formed by farm, year of birth, sex and feeding regime at birth. CGs with more than 16% of identical BW values were eliminated, generating a data file called BWd. Another file was created without removing these animals (BWt). A mixed linear model was used for statistical analysis, which included fixed and random effects. In both data files analysed, single‐trait analysis was performed by Bayesian inference. The mean direct and maternal heritability for BW and the correlation between direct and maternal effects were 0.27, 0.07 and −0.07 for BWt, respectively, and 0.30, 0.093 and −0.07 for BWd. This method should affect the estimation of genetic merits of animals for BW, providing greater safety in the choice of sires.
Electronic cigarettes: A position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand*
Authors: McDonald Christine F. , Jones Stuart , Beckert Lutz , Bonevski Billie , Buchanan Tanya , Bozier Jack , Carson‐Chahhoud Kristin V. , Chapman David G. , Dobler Claudia C. , Foster Juliet M. , Hamor Paul , Hodge Sandra , Holmes Peter W. , Larcombe Alexander N. , Marshall Henry M. , McCallum Gabrielle B. , Miller Alistair , Pattemore Philip , Roseby Robert , See Hayley V. , Stone Emily , Thompson Bruce R. , Ween Miranda P. , Peters Matthew J. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe TSANZ develops position statements where insufficient data exist to write formal clinical guidelines. In 2018, the TSANZ addressed the question of potential benefits and health impacts of electronic cigarettes (EC). The working party included groups focused on health impacts, smoking cessation, youth issues and priority populations. The 2018 report on the Public Health Consequences of E‐Cigarettes from the United States NASEM was accepted as reflective of evidence to mid‐2017. A search for papers subsequently published in peer‐reviewed journals was conducted in August 2018. A small number of robust and important papers published until March 2019 were also identified and included. Groups identified studies that extended, modified or contradicted the NASEM report. A total of 3793 papers were identified and reviewed, with summaries and draft position statements developed and presented to TSANZ membership in April 2019. After feedback from members and external reviewers, a collection of position statements was finalized in December 2019. EC have adverse lung effects and harmful effects of long‐term use are unknown. EC are unsuitable consumer products for recreational use, part‐substitution for smoking or long‐term exclusive use by former smokers. Smokers who require support to quit smoking should be directed towards approved medication in conjunction with behavioural support as having the strongest evidence for efficacy and safety. No specific EC product can be recommended as effective and safe for smoking cessation. Smoking cessation claims in relation to EC should be assessed by established regulators.
Case report: Rehabilitation of a child with dentinogenesis imperfecta with CAD/CAM approach: Three‐year follow‐up
Authors: Sarapultseva Maria , Leleko Alina , Sarapultsev Alexey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimThis study was aimed to describe a minimally invasive and effective method for the aesthetic and functional teeth restoration in dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI‐II) patient.Methods and resultsA six‐year‐old boy visited orthodontist and pediatric dentist for the initial consultation with the complaints of aesthetic problems. The treatment plan aimed to correct the vertical dimension of occlusion by prosthetics of the posterior group of teeth with individual milled crowns, followed by restoration of the anterior teeth with crowns made up of the composite material. The digital prosthetic protocol that included the use of an intraoral scanner to take the impressions, minimal teeth preparation, and individual manufacturing via CAD/CAM was followed. Crowns for the first permanent molars were milled from titanium. Crowns from composite material were made on the incisors of the upper and lower jaw, the diastemas between the teeth were closed with the crowns, and the aesthetic disadvantage was corrected.ConclusionAs a result of the complex treatment, the function and aesthetics were restored, and the prevention of further tooth wear was implemented. This method of rehabilitation is suitable to treat DGI. During 3 years of follow‐up, the treatment outcome was considered stable.
The relationship between collision metrics from micro‐sensor technology and video‐coded events in rugby union
Authors: Tierney Peter , Blake Catherine , Delahunt Eamonn 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the relationship between collision metrics from a commercially available micro‐sensor technology unit (MST) and the count of collisions coded by expert video analysts in professional rugby union. Forty‐four professional rugby union players wore MST units during match play. We analyzed 245 combined data files from 11 competitive matches, resulting in the inclusion of a total of 9202 individual collision events. Collision metrics (the count of collisions and the Collision Load™) were analyzed via the manufacturer's software. Each match was also video recorded and evaluated by two expert video analysts. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to determine the relationship between the count of collisions coded by the expert video analysts, and both MST collision metrics. One‐way ANOVA was used to determine whether differences in the Collision Load™ for individual collision events existed between different playing positions. Very large—nearly perfect correlations were observed between the count of collisions coded by the expert video analysts and both MST collision metrics (the count of collisions: r = 0.91, 90% CI = 0.89‐0.93; the Collision Load™: r = 0.89; 90% CI = 0.87‐0.91). Differences in the Collision Load™ for individual collision events were identified between different playing positions. Collision metrics registered by the MST software relate very strongly with the count of collisions coded by expert video analysts. The typical Collision LoadTM per individual collision event varies depending on player position. The application of automated collision detection for rugby union appears feasible.
How socialization goals and peer social climate predict young children's concern for others: Evidence for a development shift between 2 and 4 years of age
Authors: Schmerse Daniel , Hepach Robert 
Published: July 2020

AbstractChildren's concern for others is shaped through socialization, but current theories make different predictions as to how and when in development this socializing occurs. Here we found that mothers' prosocial socialization goals (SGs) predicted concern for others in 2‐year‐old (n = 804) and 4‐year‐old (n = 714) children. In contrast, preschool teachers' SGs predicted concern for others only for 4‐year‐old children. In addition, a positive social climate among classroom peers predicted 4‐year‐olds' prosociality. These results suggest that the nuclear family environment impacts toddlers' concern for others before the broader social environment shapes their prosociality at preschool age.
In vivo multiphoton imaging for non‐invasive time course assessment of retinoids effects on human skin
Authors: Tancrède‐Bohin Emmanuelle , Baldeweck Thérèse , Brizion Sébastien , Decencière Etienne , Victorin Steeve , Ngo Blandine , Raynaud Edouard , Souverain Luc , Bagot Martine , Pena Ana‐Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn vivo multiphoton imaging and automatic 3D image processing tools provide quantitative information on human skin constituents. These multiphoton‐based tools allowed evidencing retinoids epidermal effects in the occlusive patch test protocol developed for antiaging products screening. This study aimed at investigating their relevance for non‐invasive, time course assessment of retinoids cutaneous effects under real‐life conditions for one year.Materials and MethodsThirty women, 55‐65 y, applied either retinol (RO 0.3%) or retinoic acid (RA 0.025%) on one forearm dorsal side versus a control product on the other forearm once a day for 1 year. In vivo multiphoton imaging was performed every three months, and biopsies were taken after 1 year. Epidermal thickness and dermal‐epidermal junction undulation were estimated in 3D with multiphoton and in 2D with histology, whereas global melanin density and its z‐epidermal distribution were estimated using 3D multiphoton image processing tools.ResultsMain results after one year were as follows: a) epidermal thickening with RO (+30%); b) slight increase in dermal‐epidermal junction undulation with RO; c) slight decrease in 3D melanin density with RA; d) limitation of the melanin ascent observed with seasonality and time within supra‐basal layers with both retinoids, using multiphoton 3D‐melanin z‐epidermal profile.ConclusionsWith a novel 3D descriptor of melanin z‐epidermal distribution, in vivo multiphoton imaging allows demonstrating that daily usage of retinoids counteracts aging by acting not only on epidermal morphology, but also on melanin that is shown to accumulate in the supra‐basal layers with time.
Preferential Trade Agreements, Democracy, and the Risk of Coups d’état
Authors: Wu Wen‐Chin , Ye Fangjin 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesWe seek to investigate the impact of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on coups d’état. We argue that signing PTAs lowers the risk of coups because it acts as a credible commitment of signatory countries to pursuing long‐term economic benefits, which further reduces potential challengers’ incentives to initiate coups. In addition, the effect of PTAs is larger in democracies because democratic signatories are perceived to be more credible in upholding treaty commitments than their authoritarian counterparts.MethodsWe employ binary time‐series cross‐sectional (BTSCS) models to examine a sample of 154 countries between 1960 and 2012.ResultsWe find that signing PTAs reduces risks of coups, especially in countries with higher levels of democratic development.ConclusionsOur study sheds light on how PTAs can prolong leader survival through reducing the likelihood of coups and contributes to emerging studies on the consequences of signing PTAs in the age of economic globalization.
Evidence for multiple receptors mediating RALF‐triggered Ca2+ signaling and proton pump inhibition
Authors: Gjetting Sisse K. , Mahmood Khalid , Shabala Lana , Kristensen Astrid , Shabala Sergey , Palmgren Michael , Fuglsang Anja T. 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYAcidification of the apoplastic space facilitates cell wall loosening and is therefore a key step in cell expansion. PSY1 is a growth‐promoting secreted tyrosine‐sulfated glycopeptide whose receptor directly phosphorylates and activates the plasma membrane H+‐ATPase, which results in acidification and initiates cellular expansion. Although the mechanism is not clear, the Rapid Alkalinization Factor (RALF) family of small, secreted peptides inhibits the plasma membrane H+‐ATPase, leading to alkalinization of the apoplastic space and reduced growth. Here we show that treating Arabidopsis thaliana roots with PSY1 induced the transcription of genes encoding the RALF peptides RALF33 and RALFL36. A rapid burst of intracellular Ca2+ preceded apoplastic alkalinization in roots triggered by RALFs, with peptide‐specific signatures. Ca2+ channel blockers abolished RALF‐induced alkalinization, indicating that the Ca2+ signal is an obligatory part of the response and that it precedes alkalinization. As expected, fer mutants deficient in the RALF receptor FERONIA did not respond to RALF33. However, we detected both Ca2+ and H+ signatures in fer mutants upon treatment with RALFL36. Our results suggest that different RALF peptides induce extracellular alkalinization by distinct mechanisms that may involve different receptors.
Evaluation of basilar artery and cerebrospinal fluid dynamics using phase‐contrast MRI: Comparison between mannitol and isotonic saline solution
Authors: Hori Ai , Seo Wakako , Miyoshi Kenjirou , Makita Kohei , Hanazono Kiwamu , Nakade Tetsuya 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIncreased intracranial pressure (ICP) can cause irreversible pathological changes in the canine brain and can be life‐threatening, so prompt diagnosis and therapeutic responses are warranted. The purposes of this prospective experimental study were to evaluate phase‐contrast MRI (PC‐MRI) as a non‐invasive method for quantifying cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and basilar artery flow, and to assess effects of intravenous administration of hypertonic fluid. A PC‐MRI scan was acquired for six healthy Beagle dogs at the level of the mesencephalic aqueduct. Either 1.0 g/kg mannitol or isotonic saline solution was administered intravenously for 15 min each at a matched dose volume of 5 mL/kg. Basilar artery and CSF flow rates were measured and their values compared between mannitol and isotonic saline solution groups before administration, and subsequently every 15 min for 2 h post‐administration. The CSF dynamics were further assessed by measuring repeat flow from the caudal to rostral direction and the rostral to caudal direction as the number of waves. No significant difference was observed in basilar or and CSF flow velocity between the two groups (P > .05). However, administration of isotonic saline solution tended to increase basilar artery velocity slightly over time, while CSF velocity remained unchanged. In the mannitol group, CSF wave forms tended to be reduced at 60 and 75 min (P > .05). Findings from this preliminary study indicated that it is feasible to measure the dynamics of CSF and basilar artery flow by PC‐MRI, but no flow differences could be detected for mannitol versus isotonic saline administration.