bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Right inferior frontal gyrus: An integrative hub in tonal bilinguals
Authors: Gao Zhao , Guo Xin , Liu Cirong , Mo Yin , Wang Jiaojian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRight hemispheric dominance in tonal bilingualism is still controversial. In this study, we investigated hemispheric dominance in 30 simultaneous Bai‐Mandarin tonal bilinguals and 28 Mandarin monolinguals using multimodal neuroimaging. Resting‐state functional connectivity (RSFC) analysis was first performed to reveal the changes of functional connections within the language‐related network. Voxel‐based morphology (VBM) and tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) analyses were then used to identify bilinguals' alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter, respectively. RSFC analyses revealed significantly increased functional connections of the right pars‐orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) with right caudate, right pars‐opercular part of IFG, and left inferior temporal gyrus in Bai‐Mandarin bilinguals compared to monolinguals. VBM and TBSS analyses further identified significantly greater GMV in right pars‐triangular IFG and increased FA in right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) in bilinguals than in monolinguals. Taken together, these results demonstrate the integrative role of the right IFG in tonal language processing of bilinguals. Our findings suggest that the intrinsic language network in simultaneous tonal bilinguals differs from that of monolinguals in terms of both function and structure.
Clinical application of near infrared fiber optic spectroscopy for noninvasive bone assessment
Authors: Shanas No'ad , Querido William , Dumont Alexander , Yonko Elizabeth , Carter Erin , Ok Jina , Karchner James P. , Barbe Mary F. , Ali Sayed , Patil Chetan , Raggio Cathleen , Pleshko Nancy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractApproaches for noninvasive bone quality assessment are of great clinical need, particularly in individuals that require close monitoring of disease progression. X‐ray measurements are standard approaches to assess bone quality; however, they have several disadvantages. Here, a nonionizing approach for noninvasive assessment of the second metacarpal bone based on near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was investigated. Transcutaneous bone signal detection was experimentally confirmed with cadaveric hand data, and Monte Carlo modeling further indicated that 50% of the measured signals arise from bone. Spectral data were collected via a NIR fiber optic from the bone of individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta, a disease marked by frequent bone fractures and fragility. Multiple significant correlations were found between spectral parameters related to water, protein and fat, and standard bone quality parameters obtained by X‐ray measurements. The results from this preliminary study highlight the potential application of NIR spectroscopy for the noninvasive assessment of bone quality.
Virtual reality and music therapy as distraction interventions to alleviate anxiety and improve mood states in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy
Authors: Chirico Andrea , Maiorano Patrizia , Indovina Paola , Milanese Carla , Giordano Giovan Giacomo , Alivernini Fabio , Iodice Giovanni , Gallo Luigi , De Pietro Giuseppe , Lucidi Fabio , Botti Gerardo , De Laurentiis Michelino , Giordano Antonio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPsychological distress is a common consequence of breast cancer diagnosis and treatment and could further exacerbate therapy side effects. Interventions increasing treatment tolerance are crucial to improve both patients' quality of life and adherence to therapies. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an effective distraction tool for different medical procedures. Here, we assessed the efficacy of immersive and interactive VR in alleviating chemotherapy‐related psychological distress in a cohort of Italian breast cancer patients, also comparing its effects with those of music therapy (MT). Thirty patients were included in the VR group, 30 in the MT group, and 34 in the control group, consisting of patients receiving standard care during chemotherapy. Our data suggest that both VR and MT are useful interventions for alleviating anxiety and for improving mood states in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy. Moreover, VR seems more effective than MT in relieving anxiety, depression, and fatigue.
Clinical implications of the incidental finding of a free‐floating thrombus in the internal carotid artery
Authors: Härtl Johanna , Mühlau Mark , Pernpeintner Verena , Seifert Chistian , Kreiser Kornelia , Schäffer Christoph , Wunderlich Silke , Ikenberg Benno 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe present an 81‐year old male in whom a routine carotid artery ultrasonographic follow‐up examination incidentally revealed a large, free‐floating thrombus (FFT) of the right internal carotid artery. This case focuses on the clinical decision‐making regarding FFTs, which constitute a rare condition lacking a diagnostic gold standard with few available data concerning optimum treatment and natural course—in particular regarding patients in whom FFT is an incidental finding. We were able to demonstrate the accuracy of carotid artery ultrasonography in the detection as well as follow‐up of FFT. Of clinical interest is furtherly a possible partial disappearance by spontaneous re‐adhesion or resolution of the FFT.
Effects of TiO2 nanoparticles on the life‐table parameters, antioxidant indices, and swimming speed of the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus
Authors: Dong Li‐Li , Wang Heng‐Xing , Ding Tao , Li Wei , Zhang Gen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTitanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2) have raised environmental concerns and display potential hazards to aquatic organisms and even humans. However, only a few reports tested the toxicity of nTiO2 to rotifers. In the present study, acute and chronic toxicity of nTiO2 to the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus was investigated at different temperatures. At 25°C, the 24 and 48‐hr LC50 was 117.14 and 60.11 mg/L, respectively. At 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, and 30°C, exposure to nTiO2 significantly decreased life expectancy at birth, net reproductive rate, generation time, average lifespan, and/or intrinsic rate of population increase of B. calyciflorus (p < .05). High temperature enhanced the toxicity of nTiO2 to rotifers. The swimming linear speed of rotifers significantly increased (p < .05) in treatments with 200 µg/L nTiO2, compared with the control. In addition, treatments with 8 µg/L to 5 mg/L nTiO2 significantly increased superoxide dismutase activity (p < .05). Glutathione content and catalase activity increased significantly after exposure to 8 µg/L nTiO2 but decreased significantly in treatments with nTiO2 concentrations ranging from 40 µg/L to 5 mg/L (p < .05). There were no significant changes in malondialdehyde contents among nTiO2 treatments and control. Overall, the present study indicated that nTiO2 revealed high toxicity to rotifers, displaying high environmental risks to aquatic ecosystems.
A general approach to calculating isotopic distributions for mass spectrometry
Authors: Yergey James A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFundamental principles for obtaining mass spectral isotopic distributions are applied to a general computer program that can be used to calculate and present in tabular and graphic form the isotopic contributions for any molecular formula. A unique feature is the retention of the isotopic distribution, exact mass, and absolute abundance for all individual peaks at each mass. Special considerations have been made for the large number of isotopic combinations that occur for many higher mass compounds. The computer program accepts the input of a molecular formula followed by interactive input of a number of parameters that affect the final presentation of the theoretical distribution profile.
Rapid and accurate determination of trace volatile sulfur compounds in human halitosis by an adaptable active sampling system coupling with gas chromatography
Authors: Xu Yu , Yu Zhongning , Chen Xiaobin , Zhou Yi , Zhou Kang , Zhang Zhuomin , Li Gongke 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHalitosis with the main components of trace volatile sulfur compounds widely affects the quality of life. In this study, an adaptable active sampling system with two sample‐collection modes of direct injection and solid‐phase microextraction was developed for the rapid and precise determination of trace volatile sulfur compounds in human halitosis coupled with gas chromatography–flame photometric detection. The active sampling system was well designed and produced for efficiently sampling and precisely determining trace volatile targets in halitosis under the optimized sampling and detection conditions. The analytical method established was successfully applied for the determination of trace targets in halitosis. The limits of detection of H2S, CH3SH, and CH3SCH3 by direct injection were 0.0140–23.0 μg/L with good recoveries ranging from 82.2 to 118% and satisfactory relative standard deviations of 0.4–9.5% (n = 3), respectively. The limit of detections of CH3SH and CH3SCH3 by solid‐phase microextraction were 2.03 and 0.186 × 10−3 μg/L with good recoveries ranging from 98.3 to 108% and relative standard deviations of 5.9–9.0% (n = 3). Trace volatile targets in positive real samples could be actually found and quantified by combination of direct injection and solid‐phase microextraction. This method was reliable and efficient for the determination of trace volatile sulfur compounds in halitosis.
On the fractional version of Leibniz rule
Authors: de Carvalho‐Neto Paulo M. , Fehlberg Júnior Renato 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis manuscript is dedicated to prove a new inequality that involves an important case of Leibniz rule regarding Riemann–Liouville and Caputo fractional derivatives of order . In the context of partial differential equations, the aforesaid inequality allows us to address the Faedo–Galerkin method to study several kinds of partial differential equations with fractional derivative in the time variable; particularly, we apply these ideas to prove the existence and uniqueness of solution to the fractional version of the 2D unsteady Stokes equations in bounded domains.
Design of multisection LC‐ladder divider at VHF‐band
Authors: Nagano Kensuke , Kawai Tadashi , Enokihara Akira 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMicrowave power dividers play important roles in microwave circuit systems. As an in‐phase divider, the Wilkinson power divider which consists of two quarter‐wavelength transmission lines and an isolation resistor connected between two output ports is well known. However, the circuit size becomes large because this divider is designed based on a distributed circuit theory. This problem is extremely serious at low frequency regions such as VHF/UHF bands. Although some lumped‐element power dividers utilizing Π‐ or T‐networks have been reported in order to overcome this problem, these dividers have relatively narrow bandwidths about 16%. On the other hand, authors have been also proposed broadband lumped‐element power dividers utilizing LC‐ladder circuits. This article describes a design method of a multisection LC‐ladder divider at VHF band. The multisection LC‐ladder divider is a broadband lumped‐element power divider composed of multisection LC‐ladder circuits and an isolation resistor. By designing the divider based on multisection impedance transformer and L‐type matching techniques, broadband characteristics of a relative bandwidth of over 100% can be obtained at VHF band. Electromagnetic simulation and experiment for the designed divider have been performed in order to verify the design procedure. The measured results of the fabricated LC‐ladder divider at a center frequency of 178 MHz utilizing commercial chip elements are good agreement with simulation results. It is analytically and experimentally clarified that broadband characteristics can be realized with lumped‐element power dividers using multisection LC‐ladder circuits.
Broadband cavity‐backed aperture‐coupled vertically mounted strip antenna
Authors: Fan Hongtao , Bian Anjian , Kim Jeong P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA novel cavity‐backed aperture‐coupled antenna having a vertically mounted (VM) strip is proposed, where the signal is fed to the antenna from a microstrip feed through an aperture‐coupled microstrip‐to‐waveguide transition. Broadband characteristics are achieved by the introduction of the VM strip. An equivalent‐circuit model for this antenna that reflects the effects of various structure parameters is proposed. Based on this equivalent circuit, an X‐band antenna was designed by optimizing for broadband, low loss, and highly efficient operation. The measured S11 of the fabricated antenna showed excellent broadband characteristics (47%) and was in reasonable agreement with predictions derived from the equivalent circuit and numerical simulation.
A tunable cross‐coupled trisection bandpass filter with constant bandwidth based on dual‐mode resonators
Authors: Wang Sheng , Xiang Qianyin , Feng Quanyuan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA novel third‐order tunable cross‐coupled trisection bandpass filter (BPF) based on dual‐mode resonators (DMRs) is presented in this letter. Electric and magnetic dominant coupling path can be constructed by using two coupled DMRs to meet the requirement of cross‐coupled tunable bandpass filter with constant bandwidth. Three resonating modes of the two DMRs are used to build the cross‐coupled trisection tunable bandpass filter topology. The coupling structure is analyzed and the coupling coefficients are calculated. The tunable BPF is designed, and a transmission zero (Tz) due to the cross‐coupled trisection topology is generated, so that frequency selectivity is enhanced. The prototype is fabricated and measured. The measured results show that the fabricated circuit realizes a tunable central frequency range from 1.64 to 2.16 GHz, maintaining a −3 dB bandwidth of 119.5 ± 3.5 MHz, and a Tz is generated at the lower side of the passband.
Flavones as natural photoinitiators for light mediated free‐radical polymerization via light emitting diodes
Authors: Al Mousawi Assi , Garra Patxi , Dumur Frédéric , Graff Bernadette , Fouassier Jean Pierre , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIn this work, we propose the use of flavones that can be derived from natural products as versatile high performance visible light photoinitiators initially with amino acid and later with iodonium salt and phosphino benzoic acid combinations for free‐radical polymerization acrylates of thin specimen (25 μm) and methacrylates thick specimen (1.4 mm) upon illumination with near ultraviolet light or visible light utilizing light emitting diodes (LED)@385 nm and LED@405 nm. High polymerization initiating capabilities are found with different hydroxyflavones and high final conversions of the reactive function are obtained. Their application as materials for three‐dimensional (3D) printing patterns is especially carried out for 1 mm thick 3D printed photopolymers. A full description of the comprised photochemical mechanisms is additionally given. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 254–262
Charge Transfer Complexes based on Various Amines as Dual Thermal and Photochemical Polymerization Initiators: A Powerful Tool for the Access to Composites
Authors: Wang Dengxia , Arar Ahmad , Garra Patxi , Graff Bernadette , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTExploiting highly efficient, environmentally friendly, and economic CTCs (Charger Transfer Complexes) as photo/thermal dual initiators is a huge pursuit of materials practitioners and innovators. To investigate and find out series amines as donors in CTCs, RT‐FTIR (Real‐Time Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) was employed to examine the photo initiating efficiency of CTCs based on amines donors and DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimeter) was used to test their thermal initiating ability. The formation of CTCs was investigated and confirmed by molecular orbital (MO) calculations and UV–Vis experimental study. Structure/reactivity/efficiency relationships will be proposed on the base of more than 10 new amine donors. At last, composites based on glass fibers and carbon fibers were fabricated by photo curing and/or photo/thermal dual curing method, which showed excellent mechanical performance in DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) characterization. This work paves the path toward flexible photo/thermal dual initiators able to react on demand thanks to orthogonal stimuli (light or heat with the same initiating system). It will naturally find use in time and spatially resolved composites manufacturing (were classical simple photoinitiating or thermal systems are inefficient). © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 811–823
Intergenerational transmission of housing choice: The relevance of green spaces for moving into a family house across social class
Authors: Kley Stefanie , Stenpaß Anna 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA proper family house is for many a self‐owned house with a private garden in a purely residential area. We analyse the relevance of having grown up in a parental home with a garden and in close proximity to green spaces for moving into a detached or terraced house for one or two families, whether rented or bought, which we call a “family house.” Simultaneously, we analyse whether the same predictors trigger becoming a homeowner, accounting for parental social class in both equations of bivariate probit models. On the basis of West German Socio‐Economic Panel data (1984–2016), the housing trajectories of respondents from age 16 are followed for up to 32 years (N = 8,005 persons). We find that having lived in a parental home with a garden increases the likelihood of moving into a family house but not the likelihood of first‐time homeownership. Likewise, parental homeownership increases exclusively the likelihood of adult children's first‐time homeownership. Parental home characteristics are found to be more important for adult children's housing type choice and tenure than social background. The results suggest that moves into a family house are triggered by intergenerational transmission of housing type preferences, whereas the transmission of homeownership is a parallel but distinguishable process. Additional findings about the importance of having lived close to public green spaces for both, housing choice and tenure, call for further research.
Toward the understanding of biology of oocyte life cycle in Xenopus Laevis: No oocytes left behind
Authors: Sato Ken‐ichi , Tokmakov Alexander A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundFor the past more than 25 years, we have been focusing on the developmental and reproductive biology of the female gametes, oocytes, and eggs, of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis.MethodsThe events associated with the life cycle of these cells can be classified into the four main categories: first, oogenesis and cell growth in the ovary during the first meiotic arrest; second, maturation and ovulation that occur simultaneously and result in the acquisition of fertilization competence and the second meiotic arrest; third, fertilization, that is sperm‐induced transition from egg to zygote; and fourth, egg death after spontaneous activation in the absence of fertilizing sperm.Main findingsOur studies have demonstrated that signal transduction system involving tyrosine kinase Src and other oocyte/egg membrane‐associated molecules such as uroplakin III and some other cytoplasmic proteins such as mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) play important roles for successful ovulation, maturation, fertilization, and initiation of embryonic development.ConclusionWe summarize recent advances in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying life cycle events of the oocytes and eggs. Our further intention is to discuss and predict potentially promising impact of the recent findings on the challenges facing reproductive biology and medicine, as well as societal contexts.
Experimental Study of Benzene Catalytic Combustion over Cu–Mn‐Ce/Al2O3 Particles
Authors: Wang Peng , He Yu , Yang Zhongqing , Liu Xianwei , Ran Jingyu , Guo Mingnv 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLow concentration benzene is one of major components of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which pollutes atmosphere. In this study, the influence of addition of cerium(Ce) and manganese(Mn) on alumina supported copper catalyst(Cu/γ‐Al2O3) for benzene combustion is studied, using X‐ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with Energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX), hydrogen‐temperature programmed reduction(H2‐TPR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). The Cu−Mn‐Ce catalyst with a molar ratio of 1:1.5:0.5 and 10% capacity exhibited catalytic performance with calcination temperature of 600 °C and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) which is less than 2 h−1. Ce improves the formation of lattice oxygen(Olatt) while Mn is beneficial for the augment of surface oxygen(Osur) and adsorbed oxygen(Oads). Synergistic effect of Mn and Ce can further increase the content of surface oxygen and adsorbed oxygen, which improves catalytic activity. The inferred benzene combustion process is as follows: break of the C−H bound→ the breakage of benzene ring through the breaking of the C−C bond and the C=C bond→ generation of water and carbon dioxide.
Enhanced Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to CO upon Immobilization onto Carbon Nanotubes Using an Iron‐Porphyrin Dimer
Authors: Abdinejad Maryam , Dao Caitlin , Deng Billy , Sweeney Maegan E. , Dielmann Fabian , Zhang Xiao‐an , Kraatz Heinz Bernhard 
Published: January 2020

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a viable solution for conversion of atmospheric CO2 to value‐added materials such as carbon monoxide (CO). In this project, a new urea iron‐tetraphenylporphyrin‐dimer (Fe‐TPP‐Dimer) was synthesized and applied for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction under both homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions to selectively reduce CO2 to CO. Immobilization of the catalyst onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in aqueous solution resulted in remarkable enhancement of its electrocatalytic abilities, with exceptional turnover frequencies (10 s−1), high faradic efficiency (FE) of ∼90%, and a current density of 16 mA/cm2 at −0.88 V vs. RHE. This project exhibits the importance of molecular design in accessing heterogeneous applications with CNTs.
The bright and dark sides of employee mindfulness: Leadership style and employee well‐being
Authors: Walsh Megan M. , Arnold Kara A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, we use a social information processing perspective to propose that employee mindfulness will boost the positive relationship between transformational leadership and employee well‐being and will amplify the negative relationship between abusive supervision and employee well‐being. We found, using a time‐lagged survey of 246 employees (controlling for baseline well‐being), that employee mindfulness strengthened the positive relationship between transformational leadership and psychological well‐being. Furthermore, employee mindfulness intensified the relationship between abusive supervision and employee psychological well‐being. This study shows the benefits of employee mindfulness in certain contexts and reveals one potential dark side of mindfulness at work. We conclude with a general discussion of this study and outline future directions for research.