bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air-stable and ultrasensitive solution-cast SWIR photodetectors utilizing modified core/shell colloidal quantum dots
Authors: Kwon Jin-Beom , Kim Sae-Wan , Kang Byoung-Ho , Yeom Se-Hyuk , Lee Wang-Hoon , Kwon Dae-Hyuk , Lee Jae-Sung , Kang Shin-Won 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInGaAs-based photodetectors have been generally used for detection in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) region. However, the epitaxial process used to grow these materials is expensive; therefore, InGaAs-based photodetectors are limited to space exploration and military applications. Many researchers have expended considerable efforts to address the problem of SWIR photodetector development using lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs). Along with their cost-efficient solution processability and flexible substrate compatibility, PbS QDs are highly interesting for the quantum-size-effect tunability of their bandgaps, spectral sensitivities, and wide absorption ranges. However, the performance of PbS QD-based SWIR photodetectors is limited owing to inefficient carrier transfer and low photo and thermal stabilities. In this study, a simple method is proposed to overcome these problems by incorporating CdS in PbS QD shells to provide efficient carrier transfer and enhance the long-term stability of SWIR photodetectors against oxidation. The SWIR photodetectors fabricated using thick-shell PbS/CdS QDs exhibited a high on/off (light/dark) ratio of 11.25 and a high detectivity of 4.0 × 1012 Jones, which represents a greater than 10 times improvement in these properties relative to those of PbS QDs. Moreover, the lifetimes of thick-shell PbS/CdS QD-based SWIR photodetectors were significantly improved owing to the self-passivation of QD surfaces.
In vivo testing of the low-flow CO2 removal application of a compact, platform respiratory device
Authors: May Alexandra G. , Orizondo Ryan A. , Frankowski Brian J. , Ye Sang-Ho , Kocyildirim Ergin , Wagner William R. , D’Cunha Jonathan , Federspiel William J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Non-invasive and lung-protective ventilation techniques may improve outcomes for patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome by reducing airway pressures. These less invasive techniques can fail due to hypercapnia and require transitioning patients to invasive mechanical ventilation. Extracorporeal CO2 removal devices remove CO2 independent of the lungs thereby controlling the hypercapnia and permitting non-invasive or lung-protective ventilation techniques. We are developing the Modular Extracorporeal Lung Assist System as a platform technology capable of providing three levels of respiratory assist: adult and pediatric full respiratory support and adult low-flow CO2 removal. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vivo performance of our device to achieve low-flow CO2 removal.

Methods
The Modular Extracorporeal Lung Assist System was connected to 6 healthy sheep via a 15.5 Fr dual-lumen catheter placed in the external jugular vein. The animals were recovered and tethered within a pen while supported by the device for 7 days. The pump speed was set to achieve a targeted blood flow of 500 mL/min. The extracorporeal CO2 removal rate was measured daily at a sweep gas independent regime. Hematological parameters were measured pre-operatively and regularly throughout the study. Histopathological samples of the end organs were taken at the end of each study.

Results
All animals survived the surgery and generally tolerated the device well. One animal required early termination due to a pulmonary embolism. Intra-device thrombus formation occurred in a single animal due to improper anticoagulation. The average CO2 removal rate (normalized to an inlet pCO2 of 45 mmHg) was 75.6 ± 4.7 mL/min and did not significantly change over the course of the study (p > 0.05). No signs of consistent hemolysis or end organ damage were observed.

Conclusion
These in vivo results indicate positive performance of the Modular Extracorporeal Lung Assist System as a low-flow CO2 removal device.
Nutritional knowledge of youth academy athletes
Authors: Bird Stephen P. , Rushton Benjamin D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundYouth athletes are under increasing pressures to excel in their chosen sport and many turn to nutritional supplements in order to enhance sports performance. However, athletes may obtain their nutritional information via illegitimate sources such as the internet, media, and other athletes, representing miscommunication between sound scientific information and anecdotal experiences. The objective of this investigation was to examine nutrition knowledge of elite youth athletes from a non-residential regional academy of sport.MethodsA previously validated two-part nutrition knowledge questionnaire (NKQ) was administered to 101 (37 male and 64 female) non-residential regional Academy of Sport elite youth athletes at an annual training camp. Part 1 of the NKQ presented demographic questions. Part 2 presented 90 sports nutrition knowledge questions in seven knowledge subcategories (1) Nutrients; (2) Dietary reference intakes (DRI); (3) Fluids/Hydration; (4) Recovery; (5) Weight gain; (6) Weight loss; and (7) Supplements.ResultsThe mean NKQ score of all athletes was 43.8% (± 11.4). No gender differences observed between nutritional knowledge total scores, however female athletes recorded more ‘correct’ responses than males (p = 0.02) in the Nutrients subcategory. Majority of athletes had difficulty identifying correct DRI with this subcategory featuring the lowest percentage of ‘correct’ to ‘incorrect’ responses (27.1% ± 2.3;p = 0.02). Supplements subcategory displayed much uncertainty with significantly more ‘unsure’ than ‘incorrect’ responses (42.4% ± 20.3;p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn agreement with previous research, results of the current study indicate that elite youth athletes lack fundamental nutritional knowledge, specifically related to DRI and supplementation. These data provide further support of current recommendations that Academy of Sport youth athletes may benefit from integrated nutrition education conducted by qualified nutrition professionals.
Peer navigation for individuals with serious mental illness leaving jail: a pilot randomized trial study protocol
Authors: Hailemariam Maji , Weinstock Lauren M. , Johnson Jennifer E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundSerious mental illness (SMI) is a prevalent public health problem affecting 25% of individuals in jail. Re-entry to the community following incarceration is a vulnerable time for justice-involved individuals with SMI. SMI requires prompt and ongoing access to mental health and other healthcare services.MethodsThe study will (1) develop a Mentoring And Peer Support (MAPS) intervention for post-release mental health and other service connection among jailed individuals with SMI and (2) pilot test the MAPS intervention to determine its feasibility and acceptability. The primary outcomes will be to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of the proposed recruitment methods and research design, of the intervention training methods, and of delivering the enhanced peer-navigator and control interventions. Study samples include focus groups (n=36), open trial (n=15), and a randomized pilot trial in a sample of 40 individuals with SMI re-entering the community after jail release. Secondary outcomes will include post-release enrollment in mental health, medical care, and substance use services. We will also evaluate reduction in psychiatric symptoms, improvements in functioning, adherence to psychiatric medications, fewer substance using days, fewer hospitalizations and suicide attempts, nights unstably housed, and time until rearrest.DiscussionThis pilot study will evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a peer navigation intervention for individuals with serious mental illness leaving jails. The study will serve as a formative work for a larger randomized controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of peer navigator intervention for (include the primary outcome) in this population.
Topological considerations on peer-to-peer energy exchange and distributed energy generation in the smart grid
Authors: Sha Ang , Aiello Marco 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe vision of the future Smart Grid considers end-users connected to it as both consuming and generating energy. Equipped with small-scale renewable energy generators and storage systems, end-users, also known as prosumers, engage in a local energy market for procuring and selling energy, in turn disrupting the traditional utility model. The appeal of this vision lies in the engagement of end-users, in facilitating the introduction and optimization of renewable energy sources, with the overall expectation of optimizing the global energy generation and distribution process. To handle the peer-to-peer energy exchange and distributed energy generation in the digitalized Smart Grid, we proposed an optimization strategy. In the present work, we propose a Monte Carlo based simulation model to investigate the role of the topology in facilitating the peer-to-peer energy exchanges and distributed energy generation. We consider a 37-node distribution network and evaluate four topological models: radial, complete graph, random graph, and small-world. The results indicate that the random graph model is better than other models in reducing the average delivery path length and energy losses in the energy transfer between providers and consumers. The small-world model has higher efficiency than other models in reducing the maximum power load in the distribution network and the cost of buying energy for end-users. We scale up the investigation by considering a 100-node network and evaluate the random graph and the small-world models by varying the rewiring probabilities. The results show that the small-world model outperforms the random graph model on most efficiency metrics, even when considering infrastructural costs. This work provides the foundation for a decision support system for analysis and high level planning of the distribution network.
Efficacy of integrated microorganisms in controlling root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica infecting peanut plants under field conditions
Authors: Osman Hamida Ahmed , Ameen Hoda Hussein , Mohamed Moawad , Elkelany Usama Samy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeanut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) is considered one of the most important legume and oil crops in Egypt. Root-knot nematodesMeloidogynespp. is the most damaging nematodes of peanut. Losses can exceed 50% in severely infested soil. Application of nematicides is one of the primary strategies in controlling plant-parasitic nematodes. The nematicides are proven to be hazardous to the environment. A promising alternative is the use of microorganisms antagonistic to plant-parasitic nematodes. Some microorganisms that can grow in the rhizosphere such asAzotobacterandBacillusbacteria and fungi, e.g.,TricodermaandPaecilomycesrepresent the front line of defense for roots against nematode attack and ideal for use as biocontrol agents.ObjectivesThe main aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of application of yeast fungusSaccharomyces cerevisiaesingly or combined with fusant Bas 8; (Bacillus amyloliquefaciensandLysinibacillus sphaericusAmira strain);Bacillus thuringiensisstrain code K,Trichoderma harzianum, orPaecilomyces lilacinusto control the root-knot nematodeMeloidogyne javanicainfecting peanut plant cv. Giza 6, and to estimate their yield under field conditions.ResultsCompared to the untreated control, all treatments exhibited variable potential inhibitory activities against root-knot nematodeM. javanicaand enhanced peanut yield production. The most nematode suppressive treatment was the single treatment ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae, followed byT. harzianumeither singly or combined with the yeast. Moreover, data indicated that application of the combined treatment of yeast plusT. harzianumgave the best results in improving peanut production, plant growth parameters, and seed nutrient contents.ConclusionIt was concluded that integrated application of microorganisms could enhance peanut production and reduce the need for either chemical fertilizers or nematicides.
Suicidal attempt with intracranial sewing needle in a female adult with major depressive disorder, case report
Authors: Derakhshan Nima , Yaghamei Shekoofeh , Mostafeenezhad Nejla 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Major depressive disorder is one of the most common psychiatric illnesses. It is counted as an important suicide-attempting factor. Beside common and known suicide methods such as pesticide poisoning and hanging, some unusual methods (adapted by major depressive disorder patients) are reported in the literature. One of these methods is intracranial swing needle insertion.

Case presentation
Hereby, we detail a 44-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital due to a sewing needle in her brain tissue. The first sign suggesting the existence of a metal foreign body in her brain was the rejection of magnetic resonance imaging ordered (follow-up of a previous admission). Later, a sewing needle was observed in her skull inserted in a suicidal attempt. Her denial of the attempt has aroused the medical team attention to make further study of the patient from a psychiatric point of view. The psychiatric study expressed major depressive disorder in the patient which can justify her suicide intention in the needle insertion.

Conclusions
Treating such patients should be tackled in two fronts. From neurosurgical point of view, it should be decided whether to extract the foreign body or conduct a follow-up in order to determine the necessary time for operation. On the other hand, from a psychiatric point of view, rigorous consult sessions with patient and family members are required to prevent recurrence of such attempts.
Does double high-level disinfection for duodenoscopes add any value? A mini-systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Elbahr Osama , Saleh Amira , Aziz Azza Abdel , Awad Samah M. , Khalil Fatma O. , Afiffy Sameh , Kamal Ahmad , Alsebaey Ayman , Badra Gamal 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Duodenoscope-emerging infection especially drug-resistant bacteria is considered a major concern nowadays. Different approaches were attempted to overcome this problem, like double high-level disinfection procedure. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate risk difference for positive cultures from duodenoscopes between double high-level disinfection (dHLD) and single (standard) high-level disinfection (sHLD).

Main body
A thorough literature search (in October and November 2019) for studies comparing dHLD and sHLD for duodenoscopes was performed by 3 researchers in the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochran databases. The search terms were “duodenoscope,” “ERCP endoscope,” “disinfection,” “sterilization,” and “reprocessing,” and only randomized clinical trials with the English language were accepted.
Four trials were identified studying dHLD, and only 2 clinical trials comparing dHLD with standard sHLD were found reporting 6193 duodenoscope cultures. Overall sHLD cultures were 2972, and dHLD cultures were 3221; overall positive cultures were 140 in sHLD and 161 in dHLD.
The results of a meta-analysis using the random-effect model showed no significant risk difference (RD) between the 2 procedures for duodenoscope positive cultures (p = 0.53, RD 0.003, 95% CI “− 0.007–0.013”).

Conclusions
Double HLD offered no significant difference over single HLD for duodenoscope disinfection. An alternative strategy to overcome duodenoscope-transmitted infection is a big issue to be resolved.
Review of antipsychotic prescribing at HMP/YOI Low Newton
Authors: Carey Lois , Barlow Stephen 
Published: August 2020

Aims and Method
The purpose of this review was to establish whether the prescription of antipsychotic medication in HMP Low Newton was safe, rational and consistent with current best practice. A search of the electronic healthcare records was performed on 14 March 2018 to identify all the women in the prison who were prescribed antipsychotic medication, and then data were collected from the records.

Results
A total of 46 out of 336 prisoners (13.7%) had been prescribed antipsychotic medications; 29 of the 46 patients (84.8%) were also prescribed other psychotropic medications at the same time. Quetiapine was the most frequently prescribed antipsychotic and was also the most likely to be prescribed for off-label indications. Less than one-third of all antipsychotic prescriptions were for psychotic disorders.

Clinical implications
The rationale for prescribing all antipsychotic medication, especially for off-label indications, should be clearly documented and reviewed regularly within the prison by the mental health team and psychiatrist.
Patients with young-onset dementia in an older people's mental health service
Authors: Yeung Michael , MacFarland Katherine , Mlilo Vincent , Dean Nathan , Underwood Benjamin R. 
Published: August 2020

Aims and methodCurrently, no separate service exists for patients with young-onset dementia in Cambridgeshire. These patients are managed together with late-onset dementia patients within old age psychiatry services. To inform service design, we sought to characterise young-onset dementia patients in our population. We first analysed service-level data and supplemented this with a detailed case review of 90 patients.ResultsYoung-onset dementia remains a relatively rare condition. Only a small proportion of those referred for assessment receive a diagnosis of dementia. Data collected on presenting complaints, comorbidities, medication and Health of the Nation Outcome Scales scores associated young-onset dementia with a greater incidence of depression than late-onset dementia. Outcomes in the two groups did not appear to differ.Clinical implicationsThe data presented here do not suggest a need to create a separate service. Practitioners should be aware of the increased incidence of depression observed in this group.
Omega 3 Improves Both apoB100-containing Lipoprotein Turnover and their Sphingolipid Profile in Hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Ferchaud-Roucher Véronique , Zair Yassine , Aguesse Audrey , Krempf Michel , Ouguerram Khadija 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Context
Evidence for an association between sphingolipids and metabolic disorders is increasingly reported. Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) improve apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100)-containing lipoprotein metabolism, but their effects on the sphingolipid content in lipoproteins remain unknown.

Objectives
In subjects with hypertriglyceridemia, we analyzed the effect of n-3 LC-PUFAs on the turnover apoB100-containing lipoproteins and on their sphingolipid content and looked for the possible association between these lipid levels and apoB100-containing lipoprotein turnover parameters.

Methods
Six subjects underwent a kinetic study before and after n-3 supplementation for 2 months with 1 g of fish oil 3 times day containing 360 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 240 mg of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the form of triglycerides. We examined apoB100-containing lipoprotein turnover by primed perfusion labeled [5,5,5-2H3]-leucine and determined kinetic parameters using a multicompartmental model. We quantified sphingolipid species content in lipoproteins using mass spectrometry.

Results
Supplementation decreased very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), triglyceride, and apoB100 concentrations. The VLDL neutral and polar lipids showed increased n-3 LC-PUFA and decreased n-6 LC-PUFA content. The conversion rate of VLDL1 to VLDL2 and of VLDL2 to LDL was increased. We measured a decrease in total apoB100 production and VLDL1 production. Supplementation reduced the total ceramide concentration in VLDL while the sphingomyelin content in LDL was increased. We found positive correlations between plasma palmitic acid and VLDL ceramide and between VLDL triglyceride and VLDL ceramide, and inverse correlations between VLDL n-3 LC-PUFA and VLDL production.

Conclusion
Based on these results, we hypothesize that the improvement in apoB100 metabolism during n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation is contributed to by changes in sphingolipids
Breaking β Cell Tolerance After 100 Years of Life: Intratumoral Immunotherapy–Induced Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Quandt Zoe , Coupe Catherine , Anderson Mark , Uihlein Alexander , Young Arabella 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies are changing the landscape of cancer care. Intratumoral talimogene iaherparepvec (T-VEC), an oncolytic viral vaccine, has been approved for treatment of unresectable melanoma with minimal toxicity. We describe the first case of a centenarian who developed autoimmune diabetes while on T-VEC immunotherapy. The patient’s high titer of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies as well as insulin deficiency are consistent with autoimmune diabetes. Autoimmune diabetes has previously been seen following immune checkpoint inhibitor use; however, it has never been reported with T-VEC. This case highlights that autoimmune diabetes can be a rare but morbid complication of intratumoral T-VEC immunotherapy and can occur in the ultra-elderly.
The Native in Comparative Literature
Authors: Spivak Gayatri Chakravorty 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article tracks the ethical ambivalence of the native. First, there is a nativism drawn out with reference to Melissa Kennedy and Gary Okihiro that reframes the native in a poetic impulse, asks for a redistributive epistemological change in knower and known, and can rescue nativism into an acknowledgement of complicity. Second, there are acknowledgments of complicity that can pluck nativism away from the divisive compartmentalization that it seems to foster, as can be seen in the work of Soumaya Mestiri. The article ends with remarks from Buci Emecheta’s The Joys of Motherhood to underscore a critique of nativism in the rural-urban interface in Nigeria that is globally instructive and to point out the fact that woman is never native.
Africa, China, and the Global South Novel: In Koli Jean Bofane’sCongo Inc.
Authors: Yoon Duncan M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) presence in Africa has fundamentally changed globalization patterns. Most scholarship interrogates whether the Chinese presence is either a “new colonialism” or a “win-win” for development by focusing on economic or social scientific factors. In contrast, this article examines China as a trope in Congo Inc. (2014) by In Koli Jean Bofane. Congo Inc. is one of the first African novels to take the Africa-China relationship as central theme, depicting how Congolese actors negotiate the PRC’s presence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The article examines the unexpected partnership of a trickster, Isookanga, and a stranded Chinese national, Zhang Xia, analyzing their partnership according to the relationship between time and globalization. The argument uses the concept of the postcolony’s durées to demonstrate how the narrative creates a global South temporality, which differentiates Africa-China patterns of globalization from previous instantiations. These durées include Isookanga’s digital consciousness enabled by a PRC-built cell tower; allusions to Chinese history; and Isookanga and Zhang Xia’s collaboration on Eau Pire Suisse. In sum Congo Inc.’s innovative temporality, embodied by the term mondialiste, signals a shift in type of postcolonial narrative toward the global South novel.