bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Assessment of Metabolic Syndrome and its Association with Vitamin D and Other Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Jairoun Ammar A. , Shahwan Moyad J. , Khattab Mohammed H. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives:
To determine the overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome using the World
Health Organization (WHO); National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), and the International
Diabetes Federation (IDF) guidelines and to study its association with vitamin D and other biochemical
parameters in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus, as well as to identify the set of biochemical parameters
that jointly influence the metabolic syndrome using different diagnostic criteria.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out at a private health care center in -a total of 291 diabetic
patients. Socio-demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were obtained from the medical records
of patients. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
(SPSS, version 23).

Results:
A total number of 291 patients with T2DM were included in this study. The overall prevalence
of metabolic syndrome among the study subjects was 48.1%, 87.3%, 64.9% using the WHO, IDF, and
NCEP-ATPIII criteria, respectively. The highest prevalence was reported following IDF diagnostic criteria.
Sex, triglyceride, and fasting blood sugar were associated factors of metabolic syndrome by all the
three diagnostic criteria of metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion:
The study revealed a high prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome among type 2 diabetic
patients, which was highest at 87.3% according to IDF and lowest was observed according to the WHO
criteria i.e, 48.1%. A significant variance in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was reported between
WHO, IDF, and NCEP criteria.
APFEI Membership Form 2008
Authors: Bretag Tracey 
Published: July 2020

Please download and complete the membership form for the Asia Pacific Forum on Educational Integrity. Please forward with your payment to Ms Melissa Ellmers, Finance Officer, School of Management, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5001.

Benefits of membership include:

Access to the APFEI website and discussion list;
Opportunities to contribute to the APFEI wiki/respository of resources;
Discounted individual membership;
Collaboration with the Center for Academic Integrity (Clemson University, USA, and plagarismadvice.org (Northumbria University, UK);
15% discount on bi-annual APFEI conference registration to all delegates with individual or institutional membership;
Networking opportunities with key researchers in the field, including mentoring to publish in the IJEI;
Reputational benefit in being associated with the first organisation in the region specifically devoted to issues of educational integrity; and
Access to key researchers/speakers/professional developers to conduct seminars and training.
Can a policy change practice? An evidence-based approach to developing policy
Authors: Martin Jennifer , Van Haeringen Karen 
Published: July 2020

Universities agree that there is a need to educate students about academic integrity and that the quality of the awards they confer on their students is compromised if students gain credit for work where breaches of academic integrity have been overlooked or not dealt with in a consistent matter. This paper describes how one university developed a new institutional framework and accompanying policy document in order to simplify the processes, ensure that students receive educational assistance when required and respond to the dissatisfaction of academic staff with the existing
policy and processes. The context for these changes included perceptions in the press that the number of cases of academic misconduct were increasing and that there is an ever-increasing reliance on electronic sources of information. The development of the institutional framework and the related policy are analysed using a policy cycle model and conclusions are drawn about the success of the policy implementation based on practice aligning with policy.
The Promise of Patient Portals for Individuals Living With Chronic Illness: Qualitative Study Identifying Pathways of Patient Engagement
Authors: Stewart Maureen T , Hogan Timothy P , Nicklas Jeff , Robinson Stephanie A , Purington Carolyn M , Miller Christopher J , Vimalananda Varsha G , Connolly Samantha L , Wolfe Hill L , Nazi Kim M , Netherton Dane , Shimada Stephanie L 
Published: July 2020

Background
Patients play a critical role in managing their health, especially in the context of chronic conditions like diabetes. Electronic patient portals have been identified as a potential means to improve patient engagement; that is, patients’ involvement in their care. However, little is known about the pathways through which portals may help patients engage in their care.

Objective
Our objective is to understand how an electronic patient portal facilitates patient engagement among individuals with diabetes.

Methods
This qualitative study employed semistructured telephone interviews of 40 patients living with diabetes since at least 2011, who had experienced uncontrolled diabetes, and had used secure messaging through a portal at least 4 times over 18 months. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed using primarily an inductive approach to identify how patients living with diabetes use an online health portal to support diabetes self-management.

Results
Overall, patients who used the portal reported feeling engaged in their health care. We identified four pathways by which the portal facilitates patient engagement and some challenges. The portal provides a platform that patients use to (1) better understand their health by asking questions about new symptoms, notes, or labs, (2) prepare for medical appointments by reviewing labs and notes, (3) coordinate care between VA (Veterans Affairs) and non-VA health care teams, and (4) reach out to providers to request help between visits. Several patients reported that the portal helped improve the patient-provider relationship; however, aspects of the portal design may hinder engagement for others. Patients reported challenges with both secure messaging and access to medical records that had negative impacts on their engagement. Benefits for patient engagement were described by many types of portal users with varying degrees of diabetes control.

Conclusions
Patient portals support engagement by facilitating patient access to their health information and by facilitating patient-provider communication. Portals can help a wide range of users engage with their care.
Acute Toxicity Study of Aqueous Extracts of Thymelaea hirsuta Leaves And Flowers in Rabbits
Authors: Merghem Mounira , Dahamna Saliha , Khennouf Seddik 
Published: July 2020

Thymelaea hirsuta is a medicinal plant known for its therapeutic virtues in traditional medicine. The objective of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity of aqueous extract of leaves and flowers of Thymelaea hirsuta in rabbit. Aqueous extract was administered to rabbit in single doses of 2.5, 4, 5.5 and 7 g/kg given by gavage. General behavior, adverse effects and mortality were determined for up to 7 days. Biochemical parameters aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), cholesterol (CHOL) and glucose (GLU) were determined after 7 days. The results showed no mortality was observed during the 7 days of the observation period, an increase in AST and ALT in treated groups at the doses of 4, 5.5 and 7 g/kg, and a decrease in both cholesterol and glucose levels in treated groups compared to control.
Keywords: Thymelaea hirsuta, Acute toxicity, Biochemical parameters, adverses effects.
Recent Trends, Opportunities and Challenges in 3D Printing Technology for Personalize Medicine
Authors: Mule Shrikrishna T. , Bhusnure O.G. , Waghmare S.S. , Mali Mamta R. 
Published: July 2020

The scrutiny of medical devices industry as well as pharmaceutical industry for its application in health care industry on different platform is captured the 3D printing technique. 3D printing technology withstand for a very long duration only because of the approval of medical devices, 3D printed tablets and also with the advent of USFDA guideline on technical consideration. This technology is specific to devices utilizing preservative manufacturing. Many thoughts are triggered by 3D printing this technology and for successful delivery of intended product which is necessarily take into a consideration. In this review paper expectation limitations of some regulatory companies, Advantages, disadvantages, what type problems are arises while establishing this setups for drug product production, method, application, and manufacturing risk are represented. It also gives information about the current status of 3D printing technology in research and development of drug products. For the fabrication of novel solid dosage form a number of 3D printing technology have been developed. This review is mainly focused on describing different technology used for the application of 3D printing in pharmaceutical industry.
Keywords: - 3D printing technology, recent trend, Opportunities, personalize medicine, challenges, future.
Epigenetics: Pharmacology and Modification Mechanisms Involved in Cardiac, Hepatic and Renal Disease
Authors: Waghmare Sagar. S. , Bhusnure O.G. , Mali M. R. , Mule S.T. 
Published: July 2020

For a long time scientists have tried to describe disorders are due to genetic as well as environmental factors. In the past few years, revolution in technology that has made it possible to decipher the human genome. Epigenetics explains the capability gene expression regulation without modifying the genetic sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms are rooted changes in molecules, or nuclear characteristics that can alter gene expression without altering the sequences of DNA, i.e. DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. Learning of the fundamental epigenetic modification allowing gene expression as well as cellular phenotype are advanced that novel insights into the epigenetic control of cardiovascular disease, hepatic disease, as well as chronic kidney disease are now emerging. From a half of century ago, in human disease the role of epigenetics has been considered. This subject has attracted many interests in the past decade, especially in complicated diseases like cardiovascular disease, hepatic disease as well as chronic kidney disease. This review first illustrates the history and classification of epigenetic modifications and the factors (i.e. genetic, environment, dietary, thought process and lifestyle) affecting to the epigenetics mechanisms. Likewise, the epigenetics role in human diseases is think out by targeting on some diseases and at the end, we have given the future perspective of this field. This review article provides concepts with some examples to describe a broad view of distinct aspects of epigenetics in biology and human diseases.
Keywords: - Epigenetics, DNA methylation, Histone modiﬁcations, microRNAs and Gene expression and Disease.
Susceptibility Profiles of Enterococcus faecalis to Selected Antibiotics
Authors: Reyes Alvin T , Balagtey Lyda B , Doctolero Jemuel S , Madrid Francis N 
Published: July 2020

This study was conducted in order to determine the susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis to the antibiotics penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol and gentamicin through measuring the zone of inhibition. The susceptible, intermediate and resistant categories were assigned on the basis of the critical points recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. E. faecalis was susceptible to tetracycline as low as 20 μg/20 μl. Starting at a dose of 60 μg/20 μl and 200 μg/20 μl, the bacterium was susceptible to penicillin and erythromycin, respectively. The bacterium was resistant to chloramphenicol even at the highest dosage of 400 μg/20 μl. Meanwhile, from 5 to 100 μg/20 μl, the bacterium was resistant to gentamicin and the classification was changed into intermediate starting at 200 μg/20 μl.
Keywords: Enterococcus faecalis, antibiotics, susceptibility
Pharmacognostic Screening and Anti-inflammatory Investigation of the Methanol extract of stem bark of Blighia unijugata Baker (Sapindaceae)
Authors: Osuala Felix N. , Odoh Uchenna E. , Onuigbo VictoriaC. , Ohadoma Sylvester C. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Blighia unijugata is a potent medicinal plant extensively employed in traditional herbal remedies for the treatment of various diseases such as fever, fertility, inflammation, hypertension, migraine and treatment of infections due to microorganisms.
Aim: This work, investigates the pharmacognostic screening and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanol extract of B. unijugata stem bark.
Method: Collection, drying, pulverization, and methanol extraction of the stem bark were done accordingly. The screening of phytochemical constituents and Pharmacognostic numerical data were carried out. The chromatographic analysis was carried out using TLC. The acute toxicity was determined using Lorke’s method. Methanol extract was investigated for anti-inflammatory effect in albino rats using egg-induced hind paw oedema at doses of 200, 400 and 600mg/kg body weight respectively.
Result: The macroscopical investigation showed the stem bark outer layer is greyish and, the inner layer is pale reddish brown, disagreeable odour, bitter, Microscopical screening revealed the presence of starch grains, trichomes and sclerenchyma cells. Chemomicroscopic result revealed the presence of lignin, starch, calcium oxalate, cellulose, stone cells. Qualitative phytochemical screening of the powdered bark showed the presence of saponins, steroids, tannins, and resins. Numerical data: moisture content/ weight loss on drying gave value of 7.7%, percentage yield of 6.7%, alcoholic soluble extractive 5.6%, water soluble extractive 6.3%, total ash of 7.1%, acid insoluble ash 0.57% and water soluble ash 4.56%. The chromatographic screening results were close compared with the standard drug. Toxicity test established the lethal dose of greater than 5000mg/kg. There was a significant inhibition of the edema p>0.05, the presence of various bioactive constituents may have contributed to the anti-inflammatory properties of the plant extract.
Conclusion: The result of this study confirms that the barks of B. unijugata have anti-inflammatory effect and justifies the use as traditional treatment of inflammation and pain.
Keywords: Blighia unijugata, Inflammation, Inflammatory agents, Anti inflammatory
Pharmacist-Led Interventions on Improving Outcomes in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence from the Literature
Authors: Inasu Sini T , Kumudavalli MV 
Published: July 2020

Diabetes mellitus is a rapidly growing major health problem world-wide. The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus is complex, requiring continuous medical care by health care professionals and considerable self-care efforts by patients. A collaborative and integrated team approach in which pharmacists can play a pivotal role should be sought when managing patients with diabetes. Pharmacist-led care programs have been shown to help patients with diabetes succeed in achieving treatment goals and improving outcomes. Hence, the aim of this narrative review is to address and summarize the effectiveness of pharmacist interventions in the management of diabetic patients. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched from the date of database inception to June 2019. All randomized controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacist-based interventions on diabetic patients in comparison with usual care were included in study. Outcomes of interest included short-term and long-term measures such as glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and secondary outcomes were blood glucose level, blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, body mass index (BMI), 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, medication adherence, health related quality of life (HRQoL), and economic outcomes. Twenty-five studies were included in this systematic study. They were heterogeneous in terms of interventions, participants, settings and outcomes. Pharmacist-led self-management interventions included education on diabetes and its complications, medication adherence, lifestyle and education of self-management skills. Few studies even focussed on patients need through a tailored intervention. We found that those who received the pharmacist care had a statistically significant improvement in HbA1C, blood pressure, lipid profile, health-related quality of life, and CHD risk. These results underline the added value of pharmacists in patient-related care. Hence this review supports the involvement of pharmacists as a member of health- care teams in managing diabetic patients at diverse settings worldwide.
Keywords: diabetes, self-management, HbA1C, pharmaceutical care, randomized controlled trial
COMPARISON OF CLINICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY CHARACTERISTICS BETWEEN CHILDHOOD ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC AND MYELOID LEUKEMIA IN WESTERN ALGERIA, FROM 2016 TO 2018
Authors: BEGHDOUD Sara Khedidja , YOUCEF Chahrazed , DIAF Mustapha , BOUMEDANE Amaria 
Published: July 2020

Background and Objectives: Haematological malignancies account for approximately 40% of all cancers by the age of 15 years. Acute leukaemia (AL) account for one-third of childhood cancer cases; consisting of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) and Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML). The aim of this work is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, biological and evolutionary characteristics of children with acute leukaemia in the western and south-western region of Algeria.
Patients and Methods: A three-year retrospective study was undergone from January 2016 to December 2018 on children with acute leukaemia. The study was conducted at the paediatric oncology department of the anti-cancer -Emir AEK- of Missreghine in Oran.
Results: During this period, we identified 135 cases of diagnosed AL. The sex ratio M/F was 1.1. The “two to five-year” age group was the most affected. The prevalence of ALL, AML, and biphenotypic acute leukaemia (BAL) was 60.45%, 23.88%, and 15.57%, respectively. The clinical signs were mainly presented by the tumour syndrome dominated by the presence of lymphadenopathy (63%) and splenomegaly (56.3%). The most frequent abnormal blood abnormalities were anaemia (66.66% in ALL and 28.14% in AML), thrombocytopenia (75.9% in ALL and 24.4% in AML) and leukocytosis (76.3% ALL and 23.7% AML).
Conclusion: Paediatric acute leukaemia is a real public health problem that requires special care and attention. This management must involve all epidemiological, clinical and biological aspects for this highly sensitive age group.
Taryaq-i-Waba‘i: A review on Potent Compound Formulation of Unani Medicine with special reference to epidemic/pandemic diseases
Authors: Kalam Mohd Afsahul , Haseeb Abdul , Mushtaq Mohd Sheeraz , Hussain Zaffar 
Published: July 2020

Unani System of medicine is one among the oldest systems practiced all over the world. Hippocrates, father of medicine also known as father of epidemiology was the first who had written about the diseases which spread as epidemic or pandemic. After him Galen had mentioned the prevention and management of pandemic/epidemic diseases, and given several drugs for its management. A large number of Unani crude drug and compound formulations have been mentioned in the context of the prevention and management of Waba’i Amrad. Mostly all the Waba’i Amrad have pyrexia with other symptoms according to the involvement of systemic organs. One of the most important formulation is Taryaq-i-Waba‘i, a poly herbal pharmaceutical preparation, in the form of Pills (Huboob), and is cited by almost all the physicians of Unani Medicine viz; Jalinus, Azam Khan, Ajmal Khan, Kabiruddin etc. in their treatises. In Unani system of medicine, Amrad-i-Waba‘i is described under a broad term which encompasses various contagious diseases which occurs due to impairment of environmental conditions related to air, and water. This compound formulation contains four ingredients, includes Aloe, Myrrh, Crocus and rose water. It is indicated as antidote, anti-epidemic and used for the treatment of epidemic fever, poisonous bites etc. There is no any scientific study has been done on the formulation but it is used by Unani practitioners since time immemorial. So here a brief description of the compound and its ingredients on the scientific basis is being presented for further study on the basis of Amrad-i-Waba‘i.
Keywords: Taryaq-i-Waba‘i, Epidemic/Pandemic, Crocus sativus, Unani Medicine.
Chronology of Gall’s emergence of Dryomyia lichtensteini F.Löw, 1878 (Diptera: Cecidomyidae) and its effect on Quercus ilex’s Sanitary state in Setif (Algeria)
Authors: Guettaf Sofiane , LAADEL Nouredinne , Benia F. 
Published: July 2020

In the last years, an insect is detected on the foliage of Quercus ilex trees in Algeria (North-East region). Dryomyia lichtensteini F.Löw, 1878 (Diptera: Cecidomyidae), The Chronology of Gall’s emergence of Dryomyia lichtensteini and its field infestation rate were followed since 2014, in evergreen oak plantation in the Algerian North-East Region (Setif). Some statistical methods of Gall’s emergence of this pest and its effect at Quercus ilex’s Sanitary state are reviewed and discussed. For each study area (North-South-East-West), 10 trees were marked. 30 leaves of each tree were removed, so it is 300 leaves for each site, which were analyzed. This study is based on the number of galls observed. In order to highlight the degree of attack of pests. The outputs were made from November 2014 to November 2016, due to one output per month.
Keywords: Quercus ilex, Cecidomyidae, gall inducers, Algeria
CAMPO EXPANDIDO EM ABORDAGENS DO LITERÁRIO
Authors: Cota Débora 
Published: July 2020

O conceito de campo expandido, como o propõe Rosalind Krauss (1979), está sendo considerado dentro dos estudos em torno da literatura a partir de trabalhos, sobretudo contemporâneos, de experimentação com a escrita. A discussão em torno da pós-autonomia do literário (LUDMER) ou de sua inespecificidade (GARRAMUÑO), em diálogo estreito com a ideia de ampliação do campo, no entanto, considera também mudanças em torno da leitura do literário, de sua abordagem. De que maneira leituras que constroem um objeto ao ler promovendo um extravasamento do campo pelas associações e comparações com outros campos e/ou outros objetos, como o trabalho de Raúl Antelo em Paraná(2017), estabelecem leituras do literário em perspectiva expandida? Este trabalho, aberto muito mais a interrogações do que a respostas, propõe uma discussão do campo expandido a partir, especialmente, da leitura do literário e suas interlocuções com às práticas do comparatismo.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: campo expandido; leituras do literário; literatura comparada.
Sintesis dan Analisis Sifat Magnetik Nanopartikel Magnetit (Fe3o4) Berbasis Pasir Besi
Authors: Mira Prilly Virgina , Mahmudin Lufsyi , Iqbal Iqbal 
Published: July 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai sintesis dan analisis sifat magnetik nanopatikel magnetit (Fe3O4) berbasis pasir besi dengan metode kopresipitasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh nanopartikel magnetit berbasis pasir besi serta menganalisis sifat magnetik nanopartikel magnetit. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan HCl (12,063 M, PA 99,9%) sebagai pelarut dan NH4OH (6,5 M) sebagai pengendap. Nanopartikel magneit yang terbentuk berwarna hitam pekat dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD, TEM, dan VSM. Adapun hasil karakterisasi XRD langsung membuktikan bahwa pasir besi mengandung 51,5 % magnetit dan ditunjukan melalui kemunculan indeks miler (311). Sedangkan hasil karakterisasi menggunakan TEM diperoleh ukuran partikel rata-rata yaitu (1,2 ± 0,2) nm yang dapat diaplikasikan pada biosensor SPR. Hasil sintesis nanopartikel magnetit bersifat soft magnetic berdasarkan analisis kurva histerisis.
Kata Kunci : Pasir Besi, Kopresipitasi, Nanopartikel magnetit