bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) and investigating the relationship between DAI and the odds of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Vahid Farhad , Davoodi Seyed Hosein 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Gastric Cancer (GC) incidence and mortality are rapidly growing. The necessity of the design and validation of the Dietary Antioxidant Index (DAI) was to examine the total antioxidant content of the diet. The present study examined the validity of DAI and its association with the odds of GC. Methods In this hospital-based case-control study, 82 patients with GC and 95 healthy controls were examined. We have used a 168 item FFQ to assess dietary intakes. The DAI was calculated based on the intake of vitamin A, C, E, and selenium, manganese, and zinc. To calculate DAI, we standardized each of the six vitamins and minerals by subtracting the global mean and dividing by the global standard deviation. We then calculated the DAI by summing the standardized intakes of these vitamins and minerals with equal weight. Results We observed a significant and acceptable correlation between DAI and TAC after controlling for age, BMI, energy intake, and smoking and FBS, education, total fat intake, H.pylori infection, total cholesterol, and SFA intakes. Results obtained from modeling DAI as a continuous variable in relation to GC showed a negative association after adjustment for age and in the multivariable analysis (OR=0.64, CI=0.43-0.95). Conclusion DAI is a valid indicator of dietary antioxidants assessments, and it can be used as a predictor of antioxidant status due to its correlation with serum antioxidants levels. The results of this study showed that dietary antioxidants have a significant relationship with GC, which indicates the importance of antioxidants in preventing this cancer.
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Luo Nana , Ruan Dan , Pang Yi-zhen , Shang Qi-hang , Chen Hao-jun , Guo Wei , Hao Bing , Wu Hua , Sun Long 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Biopsy is considered the gold-standard technique for prostate cancer diagnosis and is recommended in patients with a high clinical indication of prostate cancer. In this study, we aimed to determine the diagnostic efficacy of a novel positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space-based approach to targeted prostate biopsy. Methods: PET/CT-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space prostate biopsies were performed in 14 consecutive patients with indications of prostate cancer. Whole-body 18F-FDG PET/CT indicated the presence of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-avid focal prostate lesions. Two tissue specimens were obtained from each patient. The final diagnoses were established based on the results of a histopathological analysis and clinical follow-up, and these findings were used to verify the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for prostate cancer. Results: The diagnostic accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT for prostate cancer was 81.8%. Further analyses of the two biopsied samples per patient led to confirmed histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnoses of prostate cancer in all 14 patients. Consequently, the success rate of PET/CT-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space prostate-targeted biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer was 100.0% (14/14). Regarding safety, the average duration of biopsy was 20 min, and no serious complications occurred. Conclusions: PET/CT-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space prostate biopsy may yield a new approach to targeted prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Moreover, this biopsy procedure can be performed safely without complications, and is more cost-effective than conventional trans-rectal and trans-perineal prostate biopsy methods.
S100A2 induces the growth of Calu-6 Lung Cancer Cells via apoptosis inhibition, invasion enhancement and promoting cell division
Authors: Wang Ting , Liang Yiqian , Thakur Asmitananda 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background S100 calcium binding protein A2 (S100A2) has been confirmed to have an abnormal expression in lung cancer and is associated with a better disease-free internal of lung cancer patients. Our previous studies on S100A2 in lung cancer concentrated on the clinical roles of this protein in lung cancer, finding that S100A2 increasingly expressed in the sera, tissues and plural effusion of lung cancer patients. This study emphasizes its value in the lung cancer cell line.Methods We constructed a S100A2 expression lentivirus vector, then transfected it and blank vector into the Calu-6 lung cancer cell line respectively. After the successful transfection, (which was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western-blot), we used MTT, transwell and flow cytometric analysis to compare the differences in cell proliferation, cell migration, cell invasion, cell apoptosis and cell cycle among the three groups (Calu-6, Calu/neo, Calu-6/S100A2).Results Calu-6 lung cancer cells showed a shift from G1 to S phase after being transfected with S100A2, compared with the control groups. Additionally, Calu-6/S1000A2 cells had enhanced abilities of invasion and down-abilities of apoptosis in contrast with the blank groups (P<0.05). However, there were no significant difference among these three group in the cell behaviors of migration and proliferation (P>0.05).Conclusion Our results firstly indicate that S100A2 has a positive influence on the biological characteristics of Calu-6 lung cancer cell line, including cell division, invasion and apoptosis inhibition. It may play a significant role in the genesis and progression of lung cancer.
Heterogeneous components of lung adenocarcinomas confer distinct EGFR mutation and PD-L1 expression
Authors: Cai Yi-Ran , Wu Hongbo , Shi Xiaoqin , Dong Yujie , Chang Xiujun , Zhang Li , Zhou Lijuan , Su Dan , Yang Ming 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is composed of lepidic, papillary, mucinous, micropapillary and solid components in its parenchyma. Complex responses to therapeutics result from intratumoral heterogeneity. However, it remains confused that what components in a mixed LAC tumor are responsible to the heterogeneous EGFR mutation and PD-L1 expression. Methods We investigated EGFR statuses via laser microdissection to capture spatially separated cancer cell subpopulations and digital droplet PCR to determine the abundance of EGFR sensitizing mutation and naïve T790M. Whilst, PD-L1 expression level via tumor proportion score (TPS) was evaluated by Ventana immunohistochemistry using SP263 antibody. PD-L1 expression levels were tiered in <1%, 1%-49% and >=50% group. Results EGFR mutation harbored in 154 (59%) of 261 LAC patients and more frequently occurred in papillary, lepidic and micropapillary constituents. Higher level of PD-L1 was found in LACs at stage III and IV (68.3%) versus those at stage I and II (31.7%) (P=0.04). Solid predominant LACs (41.3%) expressed PD-L1 with TPS >=50%, versus mucinous and lepidic LACs (P<0.01). LACs with solid constituents also had more positive proportion of PD-L1 protein. Cut-offs <1%, 1%–49% or >=50% were associated with patients’ progression-free survival and longer in the <1% group (22.9 month, 95% CI 17.6-28.2) (P<0.05). LACs consisting of two constituents with PD-L1 TPS <1% had a better prognosis than the groups with single component and more than two components (P<0.05). Eighteen LACs (6.9%) concominantly had deletion in exon 19 or L858R and naïve T790M mutation. The abundance of T790M varied diversely with sensitizing mutation. PD-L1 expression was not concordant in each component of LACs and usually negative in the EGFR-mutated constituents. Heterogeneous PD-L1 expression occurred in the vicinity of stromal tissues. Conclusion Intratumoral genetic heterogeneity of LACs was demonstrated associated with histologic patterns. Heterogeneous PD-L1 expression in higher level usually occurred in solid component both in EGFR mutated and EGFR wild-typed LACs. EGFR mutated LACs heterogeneously had sensitizing and resistant mutation and was accompanied with PD-L1 expression, however, was discordant in histologic constituents. Immune checkpoint inhibitor combined with third generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor should be more effective to these LACs.
The constitutive expression of the chrysanthemum gene CmERF110 in Arabidopsis thaliana affects lateral branching
Authors: Xing Xiaojuan , Jiang Jiafu , Zhao Kunkun , Huang Yaoyao , Tang Yun , Ma Qi , Zhang Zixin , Liu Weixin , Song Aiping , Chen Fadi , Fang Weimin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Producers of cut flower chrysanthemum are obliged to manually remove lateral buds, a procedure which consumes one third of the total production cost. The formation of lateral buds in ‘SEI NO ISSEI’ is suppressed when the plants are exposed to high temperatures, but the molecular basis of this phenomenon is not well understood. Here, the transcriptome of buds formed by decapitated chrysanthemum plants grown under a high temperature regime was characterized with a view to revealing which genes known to be involved in a pathway determining shoot branching were induced/repressed by the treatment. Results: The transcriptomic data was acquired using RNA-Seq technology, based on the Illumina HiSeq™ 2000 platform. Four libraries were generated from pooled lateral buds of decapitated ‘SEI NO ISSEI’. To predict the potential functions of unigenes in the ‘SEI NO ISSEI’ buds, after assembly, we performed seven functional database annotations. 132,396 unigenes were assembled, of which 79,116 unigenes were annotated in the seven functional databases. The percentage of unigenes annotated in the NR, NT, Swiss-Prot, KEGG, COG, Interpro, and GO databases were 54.59%, 42.96%, 39.05%, 41.84%, 20.72%, 37.25%, and 13.01%, respectively. Multiple differentially expressed transcription factors and auxin-related genes were identified in buds of decapitated ‘SEI NO ISSEI’ under 28°C/23°C or 38°C/33°C. Constitutively expressing CmERF110 in wild type Arabidopsis thaliana produced a bushy plant. A quantitative analysis of gene expression changes in the CmERF110 transgenic A. thaliana plants showed that the presence of the transgene altered the abundance of transcript produced by TIR1, ARF2, ARF16, IAA3 and IAA9 (encoding auxin signaling proteins) and PIN1, AUX1, LAX1, LAX2 and ABCB1 (auxin transport). Conclusions: This study reported a highly complete transcriptome from the buds of decapitated ‘SEI NO ISSEI’. Differential abundant transcripts during high temperature treatments were identified and validated by qPCR, many of these differentially abundant transcripts as key players in bud outgrowth. These include known members of the AP2/ERF, MYB, WRKY, bHLH families and auxin-related genes. CmERF110 regulated shoot branching when its encoding gene was heterologously expressed in A. Thaliana. The regulation acted through the auxin-related genes.
Dimethyl itaconate inhibits TNF-α induced NF-κB signaling pathway in human epithelial cells
Authors: zhang yalei , Deng Xiaobing , Liang Hao , Li Kenan , Guo Annan , Liu Hongbo , Zhang Qi , Lai Luhua 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Dimethyl itaconate (DMI), a membrane-permeable derivative of itaconate, was found to moderate IL-17-IκBζ-induced skin pathology including psoriasis in mouse experiments. TNF-α induced NF-κB pathway, which controls a variety of immune and inflammatory responses, was also proven to play a crucial role as mediator in psoriasis. However, whether DMI interacts with the TNF-α induced NF-κB pathway remains unclear. Results: Here we show that DMI inhibits TNF-α induced NF-κB transcriptional activities in dose-dependent manner in several human cell lines using dual luciferase assay and blocks the NF-κB nuclear entry. Moreover, DMI potently inhibits IKKβ dependent phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα in TNF-α induced activation of NF-κB pathway. We also demonstrate that DMI covalently binds to cysteine residue in IKKβ, a key regulator in NF-κB pathway, to suppress IKKβ activation and inhibit the canonical NF-κB pathway. Conclusion Our study presents a new mechanism for DMI as an anti-inflammatory agent that may have therapeutic potentials in treating NF-κB related human inflammatory diseases. Our results also suggest that itaconate produced by endogenous IRG1 may regulate NF-κB at post translation modification level, and the IRG1-itaconate-NF-κB axis could be targeted as a novel strategy for the treatment of IRG1-NF-κB mediated diseases.
Components of metabolic syndrome in patients with multiple myeloma and smoldering multiple myeloma
Authors: Markus Efrat , Trestman Svetlana , Cohen Yael , Angel Yoel , Sofer Yael , Mittelman Moshe , Avivi Irit , Stern Naftali , Izkhakov Elena 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The prevalences of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, both of which are components of metabolic syndrome, are known to be increased among patients with multiple myeloma (MM), but remain undetermined among patients with smoldering MM (SMM). Methods: Changes in various components of metabolic syndrome were investigated during the follow-up of patients with either MM or SMM compared to healthy controls. The data of 153 patients (105 with MM and 48 with SMM) and 138 controls were accessed from our medical center’s records between 2008-2015. We analyzed the patients’ data at diagnosis (baseline) and after 1, 3, and 5 years of follow-up. Results: Patients with SMM had a significantly higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia at baseline compared to controls. A multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed a higher risk to develop dyslipidemia after 1, 3, and 5 years of follow-up among the SMM patients. The MM patients had a higher risk to develop diabetes after 1 year, hypertension after 5 years, and dyslipidemia after 1, 3, and 5 years of follow-up. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that patients with SMM and those with MM are more prone to develop various components of metabolic syndrome, and they stress the importance of following-up metabolic syndrome components in both groups of patients.
Recent transition of medical cost and relapse rate of multiple sclerosis in Japan based on analysis of a health insurance claims database
Authors: Kawachi Izumi , Okamoto Shuichi , Sakamoto Mariko , Ohta Hiroyuki , Nakamura Yusuke , Iwasaki Kosuke , Yoshida Manami , Hiroi Shinzo , Ogino Mieko 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
In this study, we aimed to understand the trends in total and itemized medical expenses, especially of disease-modifying therapy (DMT), for multiple sclerosis (MS) in Japan through an analysis of health insurance claims data.
Methods
We analyzed a database containing health insurance claims data from hospitals that have adopted the Diagnosis Procedure Combination/Per-Diem Payment System in Japan. According to an algorithm based on diagnosis codes, data for all patients diagnosed with MS from April 2008 to July 2016 were extracted. Medical costs, rate of each medical treatment, and rate of relapses were analyzed by calendar-year. Medical costs in the month of relapse were compared with average medical costs per month of all MS patients by a cross-sectional analysis.
Results
4,374 MS patients were identified in the database. Total medical cost per patient per month (PPPM) increased from \87,640 (US$787.7 or €723.0 as of May 2017) to \102,846 (US$924.4 or €848.4) during the study period. This increment was mainly attributed to the growth in cost of outpatient DMT prescriptions, which increased from \23,039 (US$207.1 or €190.1) to \51,351 (US$461.5 or €423.6). In contrast, the rate of hospitalizations and relapses PPPM decreased during the study period (from 0.053 to 0.030, and 0.032 to 0.019, respectively). Medical costs in the month of relapse (\424,661, US$3816.8 or €3503.1) were 3.57 times higher than the average monthly costs for all MS patients (\119,021, US$1069.8 or €981.8), with the majority comprising hospitalization cost.
Conclusion
Concomitant with the increased usage of DMT, the total medical cost for treating MS is increasing in Japan. However, rates of relapse and hospitalization have shown a decreasing trend. Although this study does not show the direct causality between DMT and reduction of relapse rates/fewer hospitalizations among MS patients, a reduction in hospital costs has been revealed concomitantly with the increasing prevalence of DMT.
miR-4319 Suppresses the Growth of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Via Targeting NLRC5
Authors: Hu Xiao , Wang Min , Cao Lei , Cong Li , Gao Yujie , Lu Jianwei , Feng Jifeng , Shen Bo , Liu Delin 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) in cancer progression have been recognized
in recent years. However, the role of miR-4319 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
(ESCC) remains unclear.

Objective:
We aimed to investigate the biological roles of miR-4319 in ESCC progression and the associated
mechanisms.

Methods:
Real-time PCR was performed to examine the levels of miR-4319 in ESCC cell lines. The
effects of miR-4319 and NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, caspase activation and recruitment domain
(CARD) domain containing 5 (NLRC5) on cell proliferation and cell cycle progression were evaluated
using MTT assay, colony formation and flow cytometry assays. Bioinformatics techniques and luciferase
reporter assay were applied to validate NLRC5 as a miR-4319 target.

Results:
The miR-4319 expression was lower in ESCC cells than in the normal cell line. The expression
of miR-4319 repressed cell growth and induced cell cycle arrest. NLRC5 was validated as a direct
downstream target of miR-4319. Overexpression of NLRC5 potentiated the effects of miR-4319 on cell
growth and cell cycle distribution.

Conclusion:
Our results demonstrated that miR-4319 might function as a tumor suppressor by targeting
NLRC5 in ESCC.
Konsep Negara Hukum dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Anshar Sayid 
Published: November 2019

<p><em>The concept of state in Islam only regulates principles or principles, among others, about leaders who must be honest, trustworthy, fair, transparent, and protect human rights (fitrah). Islam teaches and gives guidance in the life of the state. This means that the State must be built as a home to uphold justice in accordance with the rights that are basically owned by every citizen. The success of the Prophet Muhammad. Building a Muslim community in Medina by some Muslim intellectuals is called the City State. The problem in this research is how the concept of the rule of law in the perspective of Islamic law. The method used in this research is descriptive research, descriptive research is intended to provide data as thorough as possible about an effort, symptoms, events and events that occur at the moment, and is deductive based on general theories applied to explain about a set of data, the relationship of a set of data with another set of data. In this study the method used is a normative juridical approach. The activities carried out are the inventory of legal materials, identification of legal materials, classification of legal materials, systematization of legal materials, and interpretation and construction of legal materials. Based on the results of the study shows the concept of the State of Islamic Law Perspective with various scopes between the idea of state, Religion, State and law according to </em><em>Al-Quran</em> <em>and Hadith as well as the contribution of Islamic Law to the development of National Law. </em></p>
Acquiring Basic Chemistry Concepts through Virtual learning in Nigerian Senior Secondary Schools
Authors: Odewumi Michael Olubunmi , Falade Ayotunde Atanda , Adeniran Adewale Olusegun , Akintola David Akinjide , Oputa Grace O. , Ogunlowo Sunday Abiodun 
Published: November 2019

Virtual learning has emerged as an ideal platform for learning. Different e-learning packages has been developed to solve instructional problems globally, but in Nigeria few instructors are aware of the usage of this technologies. Therefore, the study examined the acquisition of basic chemistry practical through virtual among Senior Secondary School students in Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State. Nigeria. The study further considered gender and achievement level of the students taught with virtual learning.A survey designed method was adopted, sample constituted of 28 Senior Secondary School II Chemistry students, of which fourteen (14) were male and fourteen (14) also female. The results reveal that virtual learning enhances students’ understanding of laboratory chemistry concepts, acquisition and improve performances in chemistry as an alternative to actual chemistry laboratory in Nigerian Senior Secondary Schools.
MANAJEMEN DANA IURAN RUKUN KEMATIAN DI PUNTUN KOTA PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Jirhanuddin Jirhanuddin , Dakhoir Ahmad , Sulistyaningsih Sulistyaningsih 
Published: November 2019

The existence of rukun kematian (RKM) nowadays is extremely helpful for the society. Therefore, it needs a good management in order to make RKM running well and functioning as the purpose when it was established. However, the result of observation toward RKM Puntun, Palangka Raya showed several inexpediencies about the application of management elements and the distribution of compensation that given by RKM. Then this research discussed about funding management and compensation practices by RKM to its member. There were two problems of the study: (1) How is the funding management in RKM in Puntun, Palangka Raya, (2) Is the distribution of compensation appropriate with ta’awun principal. This research used qualitative-descriptive approach which the object of the study was funding management of RKM Puntun, Palangka Raya and appropriate distribution of compensation with ta’awun principal. Meanwhile, the subject of the study consisted of 3 board members. Collecting data method was used observation, interview, and documentation. Whereas, data validation was proven with triangulation technique then analyzed with collection, reduction, display, and conclusion method. Through various reference of theory that was used in order to support the study. The result of funding management of RKM Puntun, Palangka Raya was not fully applied the management elements. Afterwards, the distribution of compensation of RKM was not fully applied ta’awun principal as well. This can be seen when parties from RKM provides a perind for 3 months against members of the new register, in a period of 3 months before new members receive accident (died), then the member is not entitled to receive compensation from the RKM.