bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Libertarian Justice
Authors: Miklaszewska Justyna 
Published: October 2020

An article describes liberal theories of justice presented by John Rawls and Robert Nozick. Both of these competing liberal theories, Rawls’s and Nozick’s, share a similar rationalist approach. Both philosophers start out with assumptions about human nature and from there proceed to deduce a theory of justice upon which they in turn base their vision of the perfect liberal State. For Rawls, this is a welfare State, whereas in Nozick’s theory it is a State which does not interfere in economics. On the one hand, a Platonic influence with a utopian mindset can certainly be detected here. On the other hand, contemporary American society is a point of reference for both theories. However, Rawls attempts to bring this perfect, universal model of the State closer to reality and to embody it in a liberal constitutional democracy in which human rights are protected (especially in his later works), whereas Nozick adheres to the general utopian formula. An examination of his theory shows that justice cannot be reconciled with the ideal of a minimal State and that attempts to apply the principles of justice actually reveal the defects of his theoretical approach.
Libertas et Falsum
Authors: Siwek Anna 
Published: October 2020

Why has the political sphere appeared so conducive to falsehood and liars throughout the ages? What is the source of acquiescence to the presence of falsehood in politics on the part of both public opinion and philosophers? An attempt to answer this question, among many others, was undertaken by Hannah Arendt, when she reflected on the status of truth within philosophy and politics. Fact that one cannot dispute truth becomes an insurmountable problem in the mutual relationship between politics and truth. The truth doesn’t take privileged position within the political realm. Its foundation is made by opinions that are always formed within a discourse and refer to facts, and it is an agreement of the majority, not the absolute validity, that decides on the outcome of a debate between opinions. In light of this, however outrageous it might seem, Arendt sees unlimited possibilities for the lie, which are due to the nature of facts; their contingency allows for the whole of the public realm to be different from what it is. Equally surprising is the conclusion that telling the truth about facts does not lead to action and, by the same token, is not an act of freedom. Action, and the experience of freedom achieved through action, are born almost exclusively through the lie.
Rewolucja obywatelska w ujęciu Hannah Arendt a paradoksy działania politycznego
Authors: Krzynówek-Arndt Anna 
Published: October 2020

In the concept of revolution there are two essential elements of political life. The first one is the fragility and sensitivity of the world of things created by human beings, lack of durability and strong support of the political order. The other element is the human ability to create and build a new order with hope for its survival. However, a more adequate approach to understand these elements is conceptualization of politics and political actions that anticipate the opening of the public sphere to the traditional and religious arguments (desecularization of religion as an impress of the postmodern epoch), and also to the problems of dignity of human work. What is also important is the awareness that it requires redefinition of the anthropological assumptions and a radical broadening of understanding how humans act according to what Hannah Arendt proposes. Moreover, it is important to understand that the redefinition means something more than just retouching as it is defined by Habermas, who believes in “laic communicative power” even in spite of mentioning “complementary learning process” of religion and secular outlook from yourself.
Klasowy wymiar gościnności: zróżnicowanie dyspozycji organizujących praktyki gościny
Authors: Skowrońska Marta 
Published: October 2020

This article looks at hospitality practices in the process of recreating and modifying social structure. The author seeks the general regularities and behavioral patterns that appear when people visit others and are visited, as well as how they speak of these visits, or, in Pierre Bourdieu’s language, the principles that organize practices that are part of the class habitus. For the purposes of the analysis, two comparative groups were selected: people with the highest and lowest levels of economic, social, and cultural capital. The analysis allowed several conclusions to be drawn. First, in addition to the class factor, the age or generational factor should be taken into account as it has proven to be relevant in terms of the diversity of practices. Second, the research showed that several of the practices studied were not differentiated between the groups; they turned out to be intense in the case of people with high and low levels of capital. Such patterns involved informality and freedom, the striving for agreement and group solidarity, and an aversion to aesthetics and decoration. Third, there were sometimes differentiating nuances – the general principle could be the same, but the justification or motivation behind it was different. For people with a high level of both types of capital, naturalness/honesty was an important justification and was contrasted to falsehood, artificiality, and pretentiousness. This justification seemed to be a meta-principle that permeated many other patterns of behavior.
Gdy Europa choruje, Rosja nie jest lekarstwem
Authors: Menkiszak Marek 
Published: October 2020

In the face of a new serious crisis in Europe caused by the coronavirus pandemic, Russia has taken an ambiguous position. On the one hand, it was spreading fake news and, on the other hand, it was providing Italy with symbolic support. Russia’s immediate goal was to persuade the European Union (EU) to reduce or lift sanctions. The new situation provides a new argument to those participants of the European debate who are in favour of normalisation and even reset of relations with Russia. Among them, the voice of France is particularly clear since its President Emanuel Macron has taken up the initiative to build the ‘architecture of trust and security’ with Russia. These proposals, which are now quite vague, are based on questionable assumptions and deepen divisions in Europe and the crisis in transatlantic relations. By rising Moscow’s hopes for some form of (geo)political bargain, they in fact encourage Russia to continue its aggressive policy towards its European neighbours. An alternative approach based on several principles is needed in the debate on EU policy towards Russia: developing all five Mogherini’s points; maintaining sanctions against Russia until the reasons for their introduction cease to exist; symmetry of commitments and benefits related to limited cooperation with Russia; inviolability of key interests, security and sovereignty of EU and NATO member and partner states; and balancing the dialogue with the Russian authorities by supporting Russian civil society. Europe can survive without Russia but Russia cannot survive without Europe, which is why European policy needs consistency and strategic patience.
Polska we współczesnej polityce historycznej Białorusi
Authors: Kościński Piotr 
Published: October 2020

In Eastern European countries, history plays an important role for social and political reasons. In Belarus, it is used instrumentally, and recent attempts to demonstrate the negative impact of Poland and Poles on the country’s history may, although not necessarily, be used in current political activities. The government and President Alexander Lukashenko treat the historical picture of the history of their country in relations with Poland as a derivative of the basic assumption: the first Belarusian state was the Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR), which they assess positively, just like (with various reservations) the entire Soviet Union. The positive assessment of the USSR and the Belarusian SSR creates an ideological basis for strengthening their power inside the country and building positive assessments of today’s Russia and cooperation with Russia.
Improving the effectiveness of secondary prevention caries in women during pregnancy
Authors: Solovyeva Zh. V. , Zaporozhskaya-Abramova E. S. , Adamchik A. A. , Kosyreva T. F. , Shkirya T. V. 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of long-acting remineralizing medical means in the complex prevention of caries in pregnant women.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of the Kuban State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia. A total of 87 people were examined, aged 24 to 37 years, with different levels of oral hygiene 84 patients confirmed their consent to the treatment and prophylactic measures, after which three working groups were formed depending on the long-acting remineralizing agents used “Clinpro-XTVarnish” manufactured by 3MESPE, “Schmelz-versiegelungsliquid” manufactured by HUMANCHEME, “InnoDent Repair” manufactured by InnoDent LLP respectively) and 1 control group. The assessment of the dental status of pregnant women was carried out using indices: CFE, Fedorov-Volodkina oral hygiene index (HI), gingivitis index GI (Loe H., Silness J.).Results. According to the data of a clinical study, it was determined that a high quality oral cavity sanitation with concomitant use of long-acting therapeutic and prophylactic agents increases the effectiveness of preventive measures in pregnant women.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate the achievement of a long-term preventive result, which makes it possible to recommend the investigated fluorine-containing agents for remineralization of hard dental tissues in order to control the state of the oral cavity of women during pregnancy.
RESEARCH RESULTS OF THE DEVICE FOR DRYING AGRICULTURAL CROPS
Authors: Кухарев О.Н. , Сёмов И.Н. , Тимергазин Н.К. , Оськин В.С. 
Published: October 2020

Хозяйства и операторы розничной сети не всегда могут сохранить полученный урожай в связи с необходимостью постройки овощехранилищ и сложности с соблюдением технологии хранения.
В этих условиях выходом из сложившегося положения является сушка овощей. Применение сушки позволяет сохранить все вкусовые качества и почти все витамины. В этих условиях в ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский ГАУ» разработан опытный образец устройства для сушки сельскохозяйственных культур, позволяющего проводить сушку в кипящем слое. Однако, необходимо провести исследования для совершенствования процесса сушки овощей пневмомеханической сушилкой с обоснованием её конструктивных и технологических параметров. В работе использовались экспериментальные методы: моделирование, наблюдение, эксперимент. Экспериментальные исследования проводились в лабораторных условиях на основе общепринятых методик в соответствии с действующими отраслевыми стандартами, а также разработанных частных методик исследований. Обработка результатов исследований проводилась на ПЭВМ с использованием стандартных компьютерных программ Microsoft Excel, Statistica, КОМПАС-3D. В результате была получена модель процесса сушки и определены оптимальные параметры предлагаемого устройства.
Farms and retailers are not always able to preserve the harvest due to the need to build vegetable stores and the difficulty in observing storage technology.
Under these conditions, the way out of this situation is the drying of vegetables. The use of drying allows saving all the taste and almost all the vitamins. Under these conditions, Penza State Agrarian University has developed a prototype device for drying crops, allowing for fluidized-bed drying. However, it is necessary to conduct research to improve the drying process of vegetables with a pneumatic-mechanical dryer with justification for its design and technological parameters. The experimental methods were used in the work: modeling, observation, experiment. Experimental studies were carried out in laboratory conditions on the basis of generally accepted methods in accordance with current industry standards, as well as developed private research methods. Processing of the research results was carried out on a PC using standard computer programs Microsoft Excel, Statistica, KOMPAS-3D. As a result, a model of the drying process was obtained and the optimal parameters of the proposed device were determined.
LABORATORY AND FIELD RESEARCH OF A CROP LIFTER OF A COMBING HEADER
Authors: Кухмазов К.З. , Мелоян Б.М. , Малышев А.В. , Губский С.Е. 
Published: October 2020

Материалы статьи посвящены актуальной проблеме – снижению потерь зерна при уборке полеглых хлебов методом очеса. В ней приведены описание конструкции и принцип работы разработанного копирующего стеблеподъемника очёсывающей жатки, а так же методика проведения и результаты лабораторно-полевых исследований по обоснованию его рациональных конструктивно-режимных параметров. Лабораторно-полевые исследования проводились на полях ООО «Русское поле» Пензенской области в соответствии с ГОСТ 28301 – 2007 «Комбайны зерноуборочные. Методы испытаний» на уборке озимой пшеницы. Площадь участка составляла 12 га, урожайность 47 ц/га, полеглость доходила до 64 %, отношение массы зерна к массе соломы 1: 1,3. Уборочный агрегат – зерноуборочный комбайн «Акрос – 595» с очесывающей жаткой ЖО – 7 «ОЗОН», оснащенной копирующим стеблеподъемниками. Потери за очесывающей жаткой определяли методом наложения рамки. Как показывают результаты лабораторно-полевых исследований, минимальные потери зерна (не более 2,5 %) при уборке полеглых хлебов обеспечивается при длине полозка стеблеподъемника L = 470-540 мм, давление газового упора P = 50-60 H и рабочей скорости агрегата Up = 1,2-2,0 м/с.
The article is devoted to an urgent problem - reducing grain losses during harvesting of lodged grains by the combing method. It provides a description of the design and the principle of operation of the developed copying crop lifter of the combing header, as well as the methodology and the results of laboratory and field studies to substantiate its rational structural and operational parameters. Laboratory and field studies were carried out on the fields of the OOO Russkoye Polye (LLC) of the Penza Region in accordance with GOST 28301-2007 “Combine harvesters. Test Methods” in the harvesting of winter wheat. The area of the plot was 12 hectares, the yield was 47 kg/ha, the lodging reached 64 %, the ratio of grain mass to straw mass was 1:1.3. The harvesting unit was the Akros - 595 combine harvester with the ZhO - 7 “OZON” combing header equipped with copying crop lifters. Losses after the combing header were determined by the method of the frame superposition. As the results of laboratory and field studies show, the minimum grain losses (no more than 2.5 %) when harvesting lodged grains is ensured when the length of the crop lifter L = 470-540 mm, the gas stop pressure P = 50-.60 N and the unit operating speed Up = 1,2-2,0 м/с.
PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT IN CROP ROTATION LINKS ON LEACHED BLACK SOIL
Authors: Богомазов С.В. , Лянденбурская А.В. , Левин А.А. , Ткачук О.А. , Ефремова Е.В. 
Published: October 2020

Целью исследований являлось совершенствование элементов технологии возделывания озимой пшеницы в лесостепи Среднего Поволжья, позволяющих оптимизировать условия роста и развития. Исследованиями установлено, что вид пара не оказывал существенного влияния на плотность почвы. После сидерального пара запасы продуктивной влаги метрового слоя перед посевом снижались, в среднем, на 6,4 мм. Размещение озимой пшеницы после сидерального пара приводило к несущественному уменьшению площади листьев на 0,14 тыс. м2/га, по сравнению с черным паром. Наибольший вклад в формирование продуктивности озимой пшеницы оказало удобрение Гумостим, которое способствовало увеличению площади листовой поверхности на 5,1 тыс. м2/га, урожайности на 0,46 т/га по отношению к контролю.
The aim of the research was to improve the elements of winter wheat cultivation technology in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region, which allow to optimize the conditions for growth and development. The studies found that the type of fallow did not significantly affect the density of the soil. After green-manured fallow, the reserves of productive moisture in the meter layer decreased before sowing, on average, by 6.4 mm. Winter wheat placing after green manure fallow led to an insignificant decrease in leaf area by 0.14 thousand m2/ha, compared to black fallow. The greatest contribution to the formation of the productivity of winter wheat was made by the fertilizer Gumostim, which contributed to an increase in the leaf area by 5.1 thousand m2/ha, in yield - by 0.46 t/ha in relation to the control.
Geometric Analysis of the Some Rectified Archimedean Solids Spaces via Their Isometry Groups
Authors: ERMİŞ Temel 
Published: October 2020

There are two main motivations in this article. First,we give the new metrics and the metric spaces whose unit spheres are Rectified Archimedean Solids. Then, using the general technique which is quite simple, we show that isometry group of $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ endowed with these new metrics are the semi direct product of the translation group $T(3)$ of $\mathbb{R}^{3}\ $ with the Euclidean symmetry groups of Rectified Archimedean Solids. .
STUDY OF UKRAINIAN AND WORLD EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD OF WATER BODIES' CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION
Authors: Shulha A. , Pavlykivskyi V. , Vambol S. , Vambol V. 
Published: October 2020

The this work purpose is to study present Ukrainian and world experience in the criminal law protection field of water bodies in order to develop recommendations for improving the ways of their protection and rational use. For the analysis of Ukrainian and world norms and laws, an overview and analytical approach was used. The databases Google Scholar, PubMed, ResearchGate were searched for relevant keywords. Methods of mathematical statistical data processing are used to study criminal offenses against water resources on the example of Ukraine and to forecasting them. The rules for collecting wastewater into sewerage systems operating in Ukraine are not strict enough and do not establish clear restrictions for the discharge of wastewater containing active pharmaceutical ingredients. To achieve the result specified in the rules, it is enough to use ineffective cleaning methods. Along with the classical methods of protecting water bodies from contamination by toxic substances, such as environmental engineering, legal mechanisms should be applied to prevent offenses related to water resources. A special place is occupied by the criminal-legal impact on persons guilty of causing harm to environmental objects. However, in Ukraine there is a persistent negative trend regarding the protection of natural waters. The forecast showed that the number of recorded crimes against the environment continues to grow (by at least 4.3 %), and against water resources – by almost a quarter a year (21.8 %). So in Ukraine, legal protection in general and criminal law, in particular, is weak protection against the commission of criminal offenses against the country's water resources by potential offenders. The study of criminal offenses against water resources and their forecasting was carried out on the example of Ukraine, therefore it is recommended to study these issues for other countries of different levels of development. The originality and significance of the study lies in the generalization and analysis of statistical data on criminal offenses against the environment in general, and water bodies in particular, as well as in predicting criminal offenses for the next three years. The study made it possible to identify weaknesses in the legislative and criminal law protection of water bodies in Ukraine, which should become the beginning for improving the ways of their protection and rational use.
PENGARUH SILENT READING TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KECERDASAN KOGNITIF PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Aisida Sufinatin 
Published: October 2020

Reading habits must become a culture, especially ini educational institutional such as schools, the reading habits has been determined by the goverment in accordance with UU RI Nomor 20 pasal 4 ayat 5 tahun 2003 about the national education system. Many factors affect the level of cognitive intelligence of students, one of wich is silent reading. Reading this silent make it easier for students to understand the knowledge they get from books and teacher information, one of the schools that has implemented silent training is YPM Junior High School, this silent reading activity provides a special time for silent reading before starting lessons. As for the objectivites to be achieved in this study are: 1) to find out about silent reading activities at YPM Taman Sidoarjo High School, 2) to find out the level of cognitive intelligence of students in akidah akhlak subjects at SMK YPM 3 Sidoarjo, 3) to find the effect of the implementation of silent reading on the level of cognitive intelligence of students at SMA YPM 3 Sidoarjo.
This research is a quantitative. As for the data collection techniques using documentation and questionnaires. Data analysis using teh percentage and correlation of the production moment. The result is 1). Implementation of reading a razor blade in SMK YPM 3 Taman Sidoarjo otherwise good enough, because it is in the range of 56-75% this is based on the percentage results with a value of 71% 2) the level of cognitive intelligence of students at SMA YPM 3 Taman Sidoarjo is in the range of 56-75% this based on the percentage results with a value of 68%. Wich is ontherwise good enough. 3). Silent reading gives 34,3% influence on the level of cognitive intelligence of student in the subject of akidah akhlak, in this case it means that 34.3 % of students area able to think, assess, state, expalain and provide examples of subject matter and 65.7% is influenced by other factors that have not been studied by researchers.