bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for acute kidney injury among patients with rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Yang Jia , Zhou Jiaojiao , Wang Xin , Wang Siwen , Tang Yi , Yang Lichuan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a life-threatening complication of rhabdomyolysis (RM). The aim of the present study was to assess patients at high risk for the occurrence of AKI defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria and in-hospital mortality. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of patients with creatine kinase levels >1000 U/L, who were admitted to the West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2011 and March 2019. The sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory data of these patients were obtained from an electronic medical records database, and univariate and multivariate regression analyses were subsequently conducted. Results: For the 329 patients included in our study, the incidence of AKI was 61.4%, and the overall mortality rate was 19.8%; furthermore, patients with AKI tended to have higher mortality rates than those without AKI (24.8% vs. 11.8%; P<0.01). The clinical conditions most frequently associated with RM were trauma (28.3%), sepsis (14.6%), bee sting (12.8%), thoracic and abdominal surgery (11.2%) and exercise (7.0%). Furthermore, patients with RM resulting from sepsis, bee sting and acute alcoholism were more susceptible to AKI. The risk factors for the occurrence of AKI among RM patients included age ≥60 years (OR=3.070), chronic alcoholism (OR=3.256), hypertension (OR=4.252), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS; OR=7.244), high levels of white blood cell count (OR=1.047) and elevated serum phosphorus (OR=5.526). Age ≥60 years (OR=3.188), MODS (OR=2.262), diabetes (OR=2.746) and elevated prothrombin time (OR=1.079) were independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in RM patients with AKI. Conclusions: AKI is independently associated with mortality in patients with RM, and several risk factors were found to be associated with the occurrence of AKI and in-hospital mortality. These findings suggest that, to improve the quality of medical care, the early prevention of AKI should focus on high-risk patients and more effective management.
High dose saccharin supplementation does not induce gut microbiota dysbiosis or glucose intolerance in healthy humans and mice
Authors: Serrano Joan , Smith Kathleen R , Crouch Audra L , Sharma Vandana , Yi Fanchao , Vargova Veronika , LaMoia Traci E , Dupont Lydia M , Serna Vanida , Tang Fenfen , Gomes-Dias Laisa , Blakeslee Joshua , Hatzakis Emmanuel , Peterson Scott N , Anderson Matthew , Pratley Richard E , Kyriazis George 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NCAS) are widely used as a substitute for dietary sugars to control body weight or glycemia. Paradoxically, saccharin and other NCAS have been reported to induce glucose intolerance in mice fed a high-fat diet and in a subset of humans by directly inducing unfavorable changes in gut microbiota. These findings have raised concerns about NCAS and called into question their broad use. Whether these results can be generalized to healthy populations consuming conventional diets is unknown. It is also unclear how different NCAS, that do not share a common chemical structure, can produce identical direct effects on gut microbiota. A common feature of all NCAS is their strong affinity for sweet taste receptors (STRs) which are expressed in the intestine. However, their role in mediating NCAS-induced effects has not been addressed.
Results : We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel arm study exploring the effects of saccharin on gut microbiota and glucose tolerance in healthy men and women. Participants were randomized to placebo, saccharin, lactisole (STR inhibitor), or saccharin with lactisole administered in capsules twice daily to achieve the maximum acceptable daily intake for two weeks. In parallel, we performed a ten-week study administering high-dose saccharin in the drinking water of chow-fed mice with genetic ablation of STRs (T1R2-KO) and wild-type (WT) littermate controls. In humans and mice alike, none of the interventions affected glucose or hormonal responses to a glucose tolerance test, nor ex vivo glucose absorption in mice. Similarly, saccharin supplementation did not alter microbial diversity or abundance at any taxonomic level in humans or mice. No treatment effects were also noted in readouts of microbial activity such as fecal metabolites or short chain fatty acids (SCFA). However, compared to WT, T1R2-KO mice were protected from age-dependent increases in fecal SCFA and the development of glucose intolerance.
Predicting the cytotoxicity of MXenes - layered materials - using machine learning methods.
Authors: Marchwiany Maciej , Birowska Magdalena , Popielski Mariusz , Majewski Jacek A. , Jastrzębska Agnieszka M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Prediction of the compound cytotoxicity is a crucial issue in the development of new drugs and potential biomedical applications. Experimental studies are time-consuming and expensive. Machine learning models can quickly predict the cytotoxicity of compounds, by extracting new insights from large materials and biological data sets, and provide further guidance for experimental studies. Results: Here, we identify the most relevant features that are responsible for the cytotoxic behavior of layered MXenes materials. The most important result of our work is the identification of 2D MXenes specific surface parameters as responsible for the potential cytotoxicity of these materials, in particular, the presence of transition metal oxides and Lithium atoms on the surface. After successful verification of the correct predictions of our model,we have also succeeded in predicting toxicity for 2D MXenes not tested in vitro. Hence, we have been able to complement the existing knowledge coming from in vitro studies. Conclusions: Our results allow for the future selection of synthesis methods preventing surface oxidation, which should allow production of non-toxic 2D MXenes. Such materials might find application in many fields of science and technology, especially in biotechnology and nanomedicine.
Specific Antibiofilm of Carbon Quantum Dots by Destroying P. gingivalis Biofilm Related Proteins Self-assembly
Authors: liang gaofeng , Shi Hao , Qi Yijun , Li Jinghua , Jing Aihua , Liu Qiwei , Feng Wenpo , Li Guangda , Gao Shegan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Biofilms protected bacteria from antibiotics and produced drug-resistant strains, especially the main pathogen of periodontitis- Porphyromonas gingivalis ( P. gingivalis ). In this investigation, the carbon quantum dots (TCDs and MCDs) were prepared by hydrothermal method with clinic antibacterial drug-Tinidazole and Metronidazole and exhibited unique antibiofilm properties. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed that the TCDs and MCDs had uniform sizes and the results of UV-vis and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) confirmed their important carbon polymerization structures. The prepared TCDs and MCDs were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and still kept the activity of nitro group, which still had an obvious effect on P. gingivalis . Interestingly, the results showed that they both have significant antibacterial effect on P. gingivalis , while the effect of TCDs was better than MCDs. However the TCDs has almost ineffect on other bacteria including Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Prevotella nigrescens ( P. nigrescens ), the MCDs still have obviously antibacterial ability to P. ningrescens . Importantly, the TCDs can penetrate the biofilms to further effectively inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis under the biofilms. Furtherly, we revealed the hydrophilic TCDs destroy P. gingivalis ’ adhesion and impair toxicity by inhibiting the major virulence factors and related genes involved in biofilm formation of P. gingivalis, thus affect the self-assembly of biofilm related proteins. The findings may not only develop a new promising method for improve the periodontitis treatment efficiency by penetrating P. gingivalis biofilm with preparation of nano-level antibacterial drugs.
New approaches for improving selectivity and sensitivity of resistive gas sensors: A review
Authors: Smulko Janusz , Trawka Maciej , Ionescu Radu , Annanouch Fatima E. , ETSE-DEEEA Eduard Llobet , Granqvist Claes G. , Kish Laszlo B. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Resistive gas sensors are very popular and reliable but suffer from low selectivity and sensitivity. Various methods have been suggested to improve both features without increasing the number of sensors in gas detection systems. Fluctuation enhanced gas sensing was proposed to improve gas detection efficiency by analyzing low-frequency resistance fluctuations, and noise parameters can be more informative than the single DC resistance and can advance gas detection systems by improving detection and limiting energy consumption. Gas sensor temperature can be modulated as well to further increase selectivity and sensitivity. Finally, some gas sensing layers exhibit a photo-catalytic effect, which can be applied to improve detection and yield lower operating temperatures of the gas sensing materials.
Magneto-optical study of microwire in presence of magnetic field of super high frequency
Authors: Chizhik Alexander , Gonzalez Julian , Zhukov Arcady , Stupakiewicz Andrzej , Maziewski Andrzej 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The work is dedicated to the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) study of the magnetization reversal in the microwire in the presence of super high frequency (SHF) circular magnetic field. This study is important for elucidation of functioning of sensor based on giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect. Magnetic domains images have been obtained using MOKE polarizing microscopy. Hysteresis loops were obtained as a result of images processing. It was found that SHF magnetic field induces strong change of the mechanism of magnetization reversal.
Fluctuation enhanced gas sensing using UV irradiated Au-nanoparticle-decorated WO3-nanowire films
Authors: Trawka Maciej , Smulko Janusz , Hasse Lech , Granqvist Claes G. , Ionescu Radu , Annanouch Fatima E. , ETSE-DEEEA Eduard Llobet , Kish Laszlo B. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
WO3 nanowires (WO3-NWs) decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were utilized in resistive gas sensor devices to detect ethanol by use of fluctuation enhanced sensing (FES). The experimental system records both DC resistance and fluctuations of the sensing film. Our data verify that the sensitivity and selectivity of the gas sensor are improved by applying FES when the sensor is stimulated with a combination of UV light and heating. We conclude that UV light can produce improved gas sensing at low operating temperatures for the investigated AuNP-decorated WO3-NWs films.
Ammonia sensing properties of ZnO nanoparticles on flexible substrate
Authors: Acuautla M. , Bernardini S. , Bendahan M. , Gallais L. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We report the ammonia gas sensing properties of ZnO nanoparticles on flexible substrates. The flexible platform contains Ti/Pt interdigitated electrodes for gas detection and a micro heater device. The Ti/Pt film has been deposited by Magnetron Sputtering with thickness of 5nm and 100 nm respectively. The circuit patterning has been fabricated by standard photolithography and femtosecond laser ablation processes. ZnO thin film has been deposited by drop coating process with a thickness of 275 nm and the gas sensing properties towards ammonia have been studied. The physical properties obtained by both processes have been observed and theirs effects on the gas sensitivity have been discussed. Despite there are small variations in the physical characteristics between the samples fabricated by different patterning processes, both devices present high sensitivity and reproducibility to different ammonia concentrations from 5 ppm to 100 ppm at 300 °C.
Optical Detection of Herbicides in Water using Dye-Modified Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Banimuslem Hikmat , Hassan Aseel , Basova Tamara , Gülmez Asuman Dakoğlu , Durmuş Mahmut , Gürek Ayşe Gül , Ahsen Vefa 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Hybrid materials were produced by mixing CuPcR4 with acidified single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and characterised by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Thin films of pristine CuPcR4 and SWCNT/CuPcR4 were prepared by spin coating onto gold-coated glass slides and applied as active layers to detect pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2-chlorophenol, diuron and simazine in water utilizing Total Internal Reflection Ellipsometry (TIRE) as an optical detection method. Different concentrations in water ranging from 0.5 to 20 μg/L have been examined in the current work. It is revealed that the shifts in Δ(λ) spectra of SWCNT/CuPcR4 films were evidently larger than those produced by the pristine CuPcR4 films, indicating largely improved films’ sensitivity of the hybrid films.
Investigation of tissue bioimpedance using a macro-needle with a potential application in determination of needle-to-nerve proximity
Authors: Helen Lisa , Messina Walter , Moore Eric , O’Donnell Brian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Our research is concentrated on development of a ‘smart’ needle which will improve the safety of ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block (USgPNB) by providing the clinician with bioimpedance data to identify the type of tissue the needle tip is in contact with. This paper outlines a feasibility study performed to determine the electrical bioimpedance of a number of different tissue types and the extent to which they can be differentiated from each other based on this variable factor. All cells have different electrical properties which results in characteristic bioimpedance profiles. A macro-needle was constructed to facilitate determination of this trait in lamb, pork and beef tissue samples. Frequencies of between 10 kHz - 100 kHz were identified as the optimum range for measurement of samples at both 12 °C and 37 °C. Our study showed that bioimpedance was inversely proportional to temperature. Further investigations in muscle, fat and connective tissue were performed at 30 kHz, 50 kHz and 70 kHz demonstrating significant order of magnitude of separation between all three sample types. These results allowed the determination of bioimpedance ranges for each tissue. The possibility of using bioimpedance to differentiate between tissue types was demonstrated successfully during this study and thus supports the concept of the ‘smart’ needle for this application.
Design of magnetic field alarm powered by magnetic energy harvesting
Authors: Tashiro Kunihisa , Ikegami Azusa , Shimada Syoichiro , Kojima Hiroaki , wakiwaka Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a design of magnetic field alarm powered by magnetic energy harvesting. It consists of an energy harvesting module, Cockcroft-walton circuit and piezo buzzer. The energy harvesting module is composed of coil and magnetic flux concentration core. It can generate 200 μW from an environmental magnetic field of 200 μT at 60 Hz. The Cockcroft-walton circuit can converts the ac voltage to a suitable dc voltage for the piezo buzzer. This alarm can notice not only the magnetic field level defined by ICNIRP2010 but also the existence of magnetic field energy to be harvested. It is the first demonstration of a “self-generating component” powered by magnetic energy harvesting.
A Novel Fiber Bragg Grating Accelerometer Based on Fiber Vibrating Wire
Authors: Jiang Qi , Yu Minghao , Zhou Xin , Guo Tengyun , Song Jinxue 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) accelerometer based on fiber vibrating wire is presented. Finite element analysis has been done and experiments are carried out to demonstrate the performance of this FBG accelerometer. The seismic simulation experimental results indicate that the system has a good response to the 50–400 Hz vibration signal. What more, the accelerometer has a high sensitivity which can reach 108.6 pm/G at 100Hz. The linear responsivity and repeatability are also tested. The responsivity error is less than 2.5% and repeatability error is less than 0.03%. There is an extremely linear relationship between amplitude of detected signal and acceleration.
Novel Application of Spherical Microphone Array Sensor with Three-Dimensional Directivity
Authors: Nakadai Takahiro , Taguchi Tomoki , Mizoguchi Hiroshi , Egusa Ryohei , Yamaguchi Etsuji , Inagaki Shigenori , Takeda Yoshiaki , Namatame Miki , Sugimoto Masanori , Kusunoki Fusako 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Mixed sounds can be separated from multiple sound sources by utilizing a microphone array and signal processing. We believe that promotion of interest in this technique can lead to significant developments in future science and technology. Consequently, in order to experience this technique, we designed a language game for children called “KIKIWAKE 3D” that uses a sound source separation system with the aim of arousing children’s interest in this technology. In this paper, we discuss the development of a spherical microphone array with threedimensional directivity introduced to make the game more interesting and to facilitate a larger number of participants.
A promising optoelectronic clock solution for time-interleaved ADC
Authors: Wu Zhongying , Lv Fangxing , Ding Hui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A promising optoelectronic clock solution with low jitter, high bandwidth and accurate delay for a TIADC is proposed by exploiting optical pulses and tunable optical delay lines. It is feasible to construct the optoelectronic clock system with optical pulse source, dispersive medium, tunable delay line in optical domain and conditioning circuits in electronic domain while photodiodes as the bridge. The testing result of the designed conditioning circuit shows that using electronic method to adjust the signal will induce jitter degradation of the optoelectronic clock system.
Information and Assisted Navigation System for Blind People
Authors: Duarte Karen , Cec’lio Jose , Silva Jorge Sa , Furtado Pedro 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Nowadays public buildings are changing constantly, often people have to take different routes to reach known destinations. At the same time, new services and places are made available to attract more people to the shopping center. This dynamic environment is usually signalled and labelled with visual marks and signs which are not appropriated for blind persons. Therefore, blind users are unintentionally deprived of a full participation in the society. With the purpose of equalize the access to services and spaces among all persons, this work proposes an innovative indoor navigation and information system for public buildings, namely shopping centers, based on existing technologies not used for this purpose. Intending to allow a comfortable and helpful aid on blind persons trips to the shopping center, this proposal system relies on users smartphone and wireless sensors deployed in the environment.
Computational Model Of Plasma-Organic-Polymer-Film-Coated QCR Sensor For Analysing Its Dynamic Response
Authors: Takahashi Kazuhiko , Nishiwaki Naoki , Sugimoto Iwao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a computational model of the mass-sensitive chemical sensor with plasma-organic-polymer-film-coated quartz crystal resonators for use in sensor signal processing to develop a high-performance electronic nose system. Assuming one-dimensional Fickian diffusion of sample gas molecules, diffusion equation is applied to sample gas molecules in the sensor film bulk to describe the responses of the chemical sensor to the sample gas. Green’s function is introduced to solve the diffusion equation, and the computational model of the chemical sensor response is derived. A computational experiment of the chemical sensor response is conducted to compare the sensor responses calculated by the proposed model with the experimental results obtained by the gas sensing system using water vapour as sample gas. The result shows the feasibility of the proposed model to estimate the responses of the chemical sensor.
Automated Monitoring of Foraging Behaviour in Free Ranging Sheep Grazing a Bio-diverse Pasture using Audio and Video Information
Authors: Sneddon J. , Mason A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Non-invasive methods for monitoring foraging choice in free ranging grazing animals are largely limited to accelerometers and video calibration. Acoustic data from a wireless microphone attached to the skull has been used to distinguish between resting and feeding bouts in free ranging cattle, sheep and goats. Similar data has been reported in restrained sheep presented with forage of differing dry matter content. We take these approaches further by using a small video camera attached to a halter in free range sheep, and software developed specifically for the analysis of animal sounds. Combined biting and mastication sounds allowed us to distinguish between foraged grasses and browsing activity, and non-foraging chewing activity in four sheep of differing body size and breed in the height of a UK summer for up to 8 hours.
Signature Extraction from 3D Point Clouds using Frame Theory for Environmental Modeling
Authors: Martino Fabio , Patruno Cosimo , Marani Roberto , Stella Ettore 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper a method based on the well-known frame theory is presented for the identification and classification of objects inside a scene. Three-dimensional (3D) point clouds have been firstly acquired using a laser triangulation system exploiting a high resolution camera, in order to derive accurate datasets for the method validation. The method performs a quadratic fit on the acquired samples and then extracts local curvatures from the analytical reconstructed surfaces. Such information is referred to a vocabulary of curvatures, created making use of the frame basis. Meaningful signatures can be finally analyzed to derive the recurrences of objects in the investigated scene. Specifically, by fixing a threshold value ζ, similarities can be estimated and thus objects can be recognized. Results prove the capability of the method to distinguish surface properties among several objects, validating this algorithm against the contributions of the measurement noise.
Magnetoelastic Biosentinels for the Capture and Detection of Low-Concentration Pathogens in Liquid
Authors: Horikawa Shin , Chai Yating , Wikle Howard C. , Chin Bryan A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates phage-coated magnetoelastic (ME) biosentinels that capture and detect low-concentration pathogenic bacteria in stagnant liquid. These biosentinels are composed of a freestanding ME resonator platform coated with a landscape phage that specifically binds with the pathogens of interest. These biosentinels can be moved through a liquid by externally applied magnetic fields. When a time-varying magnetic field is applied, the ME biosentinels can be placed into mechanical resonance by magnetostriction. As soon as the biosentinels bind with the target pathogen through the phagebased biomolecular recognition, a change in the biosentinel’s resonant frequency occurs, and thereby the presence of the target pathogen can be detected. Detection of Bacillus anthracis spores under stagnant flow conditions was demonstrated.