bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic cancer treatment costs, including patient liability, by phase of care and treatment modality, 2000–2013
Authors: Tramontano Angela C. , Chen Yufan , Watson Tina R. , Eckel Andrew , Sheehan Deirdre F. , Peters Mary Linton B. , Pandharipande Pari V. , Hur Chin , Kong Chung Yin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objectives:
Our study provides phase-specific cost estimates for pancreatic cancer based on stage and treatment. We compare treatment costs between the different phases and within the stage and treatment modality subgroups.

Methods:
Our cohort included 20,917 pancreatic cancer patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database diagnosed between 2000 and 2011. We allocated costs into four phases of care-staging (or surgery), initial, continuing, and terminal– and calculated the total, cancer-attributable, and patient-liability costs in 2018 US dollars. We fit linear regression models using log transformation to determine whether costs were predicted by age and calendar year.

Results:
Monthly cost estimates were high during the staging and surgery phases, decreased over the initial and continuing phases, and increased during the three-month terminal phase. Overall, the linear regression models showed that cancer-attributable costs either remained stable or increased by year, and either were unaffected by age or decreased with older age; continuing phase costs for stage II patients increased with age.

Conclusions:
Our estimates demonstrate that pancreatic cancer costs can vary widely by stage and treatment received. These cost estimates can serve as an important baseline foundation to guide resource allocation for cancer care and research in the future.
Age is not a barrier to good outcomes following ambulatory high ligation and stripping for varicose veins
Authors: Chen ChuWen , Cai YuTing , Long XiaoQing , Fan Xiang , Yuan Ding , Yang Yi , Huang Bin , Zhao JiChun , Ma YuKui 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This was a prospective cohort study with a short-term follow-up. To explore whether age is a factor in the prognosis following high ligation and stripping (HLS) performed in an ambulatory care center. This study included 170 patients who underwent their first HLS for varicose veins in an ambulatory center from November 2016 to October 2017 at West China Hospital. The patients were categorized as two groups: the ≤60 years old group and the >60 years old group. We collected the two age groups data included Clinical, Etiology, Anatomy, and Pathophysiology (CEAP) classification, Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), Visual Analogue Score (VAS), Aberdeen Varicose Veins Questionnaire (AVVQ), Quality of Recovery (QoR-15), and postoperative complications at predetermined time points. The clinical correlation between age and prognosis following HLS in an ambulatory care center was prospectively studied after adjusting for potential confounders. The distribution of age and prognosis were also compared in the AVVQ improvement and VCSS improvement of patients at 6 weeks and 6 months after surgery. Our research comprised a total of 170 patients (236 limbs), of which 86 (50.6%) patients were female and 66 (38.8%) patients received bilateral procedures. After multivariable risk adjustment for potential confounding factors, we observed that age was not associated with the improvement of AVVQ (OR 0.3, 95%CI (1.3, 0.7), P = .54) and VCSS (OR 0.2, 95%CI (0.2, 0.6) P = .38) at 6 months after HLS, as well as AVVQ (OR 0.5,95%CI (1.2, 2.2), P = .57) at 6 weeks after HLS. However, at 6 weeks after HLS, age was related to the improvement of VCSS (OR −0.6, 95%CI (1.2, 0.1), P = .03), with the >60 years old group having a lower VCSS improvement compared to the 60 years old group. In postoperative complications, there were no significant differences in terms of complications between the two age groups (all P value >.05). Therefore, in our opinion, age is not a barrier for good outcomes following HLS in an ambulatory care center.
A PRISMA assessment of the reporting quality of systematic reviews of nursing published in the Cochrane Library and paper-based journals
Authors: Zhang Juxia , Han Lin , Shields Linda , Tian Jinhui , Wang Jiancheng 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objective:
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was released as a standard of reporting systematic reviewers (SRs). However, not all SRs adhere completely to this standard. This study aimed to evaluate the reporting quality of SRs published in the Cochrane Library and paper-based journals.

Methods:
The SRs which evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions in 2016 were identified via PubMed. The reporting quality of selected articles was evaluated using the PRISMA checklist. For comparison, we divided these articles into Cochrane review (CR) and non-Cochrane review (NCR). Based on the satisfaction of the applicable criteria, each article is assigned an accumulated score and a total percentage score.

Results:
Overall, 41.7% articles were concentrated in 19.0 to 22.5 points which represent the moderate quality, 22% articles were high quality. There were still 36.5% articles with low quality. The mean PRISMA score was 20.54 ± 2.367 for CRs, and 18.81 ± 2.536 for NCRs. Although no significant difference was exit between overall CR and NCR scores, there were differences between items 1, 5, 8, 16, 23. Analysis indicated that CR was significantly associated with the overall PRISMA score.

Conclusion:
Compliance of CR and NCR with PRISMA checklist exhibited different strengths and weaknesses. Our study underscores that nursing researchers should pay more attention to comprehensive reporting of SRs in nursing to follow the PRISMA statement.

Implications for nursing and/or health policy:
Nursing researchers who participate in SRs should follow the latest Cochrane Handbook to prepare such study. Meanwhile, the PRISMA statement should be followed strictly to report SRs, so as to improve the quality of SRs.
Association of MRI-defined lumbar paraspinal muscle mass and slip percentage in degenerative and isthmic spondylolisthesis
Authors: Park Jae-Hyun , Kim Koh-Woon , Youn Yousuk , Kim Hyungsuk , Chung Won-Seok , Song Mi-Yeon , Cho Jae-Heung 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the role of paraspinal muscles in the progression of different types of spondylolisthesis by examining the correlation between cross-sectional area (CSA) of lumbar paraspinal muscle and slip percentage (SP) in degenerative spondylolisthesis and isthmic spondylolisthesis.
A multicenter retrospective analysis was carried out including 219 subjects diagnosed with lumbar spondylolisthesis. Using T2-weighted axial magnetic resonance imgaging, CSAs of the psoas major (PM), multifidus (MU), and erector spinae were measured and divided by L5 vertebral body (VB) CSA. SP was measured using sagittal T2-weighted images. Correlations between muscle CSA ratio and SP were calculated in each group. Regression analysis was performed to predict the influence of each muscle CSA/VB CSA ratio on SP.
No significant correlation was found in the degenerative spondylolisthesis group between any of the muscle CSA ratios and SP. Both PM/VB ratio (r = −0.24, P = .021) and MU/VB ratio (r = −0.26, P = .012) were negatively correlated with SP in the isthmic spondylolisthesis group. MU had more influence on SP than PM in the isthmic spondylolisthesis group (regression coefficient MU/VB: −8.08, PM/VB: −4.34).
Both PM and MU muscle CSA ratios were negatively correlated with SP in the isthmic group. MU had more influence on SP than PM. No muscles had any correlations with SP in the degenerative group. This discrepancy between the two groups suggests that exercise programs or interventions regarding the segmental stability of isthmic spondylolisthesis and degenerative spondylolisthesis should be distinguished in clinical practice.
Clinical Research Information Service of Korea Centers for Disease control and Prevention, KCT0002588. Registered on 12 December 2017, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=10702
Severe polycystic liver diseases: hepatectomy or waiting for liver transplantation?
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Hu Kuan , Yang Jiajin , Zhou Yufan , Wang Zhiming , Huang Yun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Choice of treatment in patients with symptomatic polycystic liver diseases (PLD) remains controversial. Various surgical procedures aiming at eliminating symptomatic cysts are widely used in mild and advanced PLD patients, but liver transplantation is currently recommended as the only curative treatment especially in severe cases.

Patient concerns:
Case 1: A 51-year-old male was admitted for severe eating disorder and dyspnea for 2 months. He had been diagnosed as PLD, PKD, and hypertension for 9 years, with only antihypertensive drug therapy. No significant family history could be traced.
Case 2: A 54-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for ventosity during nearly 5 years. She had been diagnosed as PLD and hypertension for 22 years, for which only aspiration-sclerotherapy therapy was performed for multiple times. Both her mother and sister were diagnosed with PLD previously.

Diagnosis:
They were diagnosed as PLD by medical history, family history, and computed tomography scan (multiple cysts dispersively presenting in the liver).

Interventions:
The 2 patients underwent hepatectomy with fenestration, and were well recovered with no mortality.

Outcomes:
While case 1 only experienced relief of symptoms, case 2 experienced massive growth of hepatic parenchyma, which indicated positive prognosis and showed the possibility to avoid or at least postpone liver transplantation for a long time, considering the lack of liver parenchyma is one of the main reason for urgency of liver transplantation.

Conclusion:
Here we described subradical polycystic hepatectomy, a special form of hepatectomy with fenestration modified by us, as a safe and effective treatment to potentially achieve long-term effects in PLD patients.
Management of delayed encephalopathy after CO poisoning
Authors: Xu Xiao-Min , Luo Hua , Rong Ben-bing , Zheng Xiao-Mei , Wang Feng-tao , Zhang Shu-Jiang , Li Zuo-Xiao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
Approximately 10% to 30% patients develop delayed encephalopathy after acute CO poisoning (DEACMP). No specific treatment is available and poor prognosis is a characteristic of this disease. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of all therapies that have been tried in randomized controlled trial (RCT) for DEACMP.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic search of the Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases.

Results:
Overall, 4 RCTs were identified in our study. Both hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation were effective in DEACMP, and MSC seemed to be superior to HBO. The addition of dexamethasone, N-butylphthalide, or XingZhi-YiNao granules into HBO, or butylphthalide into MSC could achieve better neurological recovery in DEACMP patients but did not significantly increase the incidence of adverse events.

Conclusion:
Several therapies have shown positive results in treating DEACMP and need to be proven by further studies.
Effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zou Cai-Yan , Liu Xue-Kui , Sang Yi-Quan , Wang Ben , Liang Jun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
Optimal glycemic control is required to restrain the increase of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. The effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on cardiovascular events and mortality in those patients are not well established. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic literature search of Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of 3 different SGLT2 inhibitors (canagliflozin, dapagliflozin and empagliflozin) that evaluated the effects on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in the final meta-analysis. The intervention arm was defined either as SGLT2 inhibitor monotherapy or as SGLT2 inhibitor add-on to other non-SGLT2 inhibitor antidiabetic agents (ADAs).

Results:
Forty-two trials with a total of 61,076 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control, SGLT2 inhibitor treatment was associated with a reduction in the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.80–0.93, P < .0001), myocardial infarction (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.79–0.94, P = .001), cardiovascular mortality (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.67–0.81, P < .0001) and all cause mortality (OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.79–0.92, P < .0001). However, the risk of ischemic stroke was not reduced after SGLT2 inhibitor treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes (OR = 0.95, 95% CI 0.85–1.07, P = .42).

Conclusion:
These data suggest a decreased risk of harm with SGLT2 inhibitor as a class with respect to cardiovascular events and mortality.
Implant-assisted removable prosthetic rehabilitation after distraction osteogenesis in a patient with ameloblastoma recurrence
Authors: Lee Jae-Hyun , Kim Sung-Hun , Yoon Hyung-In , Yeo In-Sung Luke , Han Jung-Suk 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
A resected mandibular edentulous ridge resulting from an ameloblastoma and marginal mandibulectomy is a restorative challenge. To maintain oral hygiene, recurrent examinations, and for long-term maintenance, a removable dental prosthesis is preferred to an implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis.

Patient concerns:
A 28-year-old Asian man was referred for evaluation of a radiolucent area on the right side of the mandible. The right mandibular area had increasingly enlarged over a period of ≥5 months. Marginal resection and inferior alveolar nerve repositioning of the mandible were performed by oral surgeons, followed by reconstruction of the resected mandible with distraction osteogenesis. After 6 years, the patient presented with swelling of the same area.

Diagnosis:
Histopathological examination revealed recurrence of benign ameloblastoma in the mandible. After mass excision of the recurrent benign tumor, dental implants were installed. To aid with recurrent examinations and oral hygiene maintenance, a treatment plan using implant-assisted removable dental prosthesis, instead of a fixed prosthesis, was formulated.

Interventions:
The edentulous area was rehabilitated with a tooth- and implant-assisted removable partial denture. Due to the insufficient intermaxillary clearance, the removable prosthesis was designed in such a manner that retention, support, and stability could be ensured by separate components.

Outcomes:
The tooth- and implant-assisted removable partial denture showed satisfactory function and esthetics. No complications were observed in the dental prosthesis and supporting tissues during the 3-year follow-up period.

Conclusion:
In recurrent ameloblastoma cases, a removable dental prosthesis may be an effective treatment option for oral rehabilitation. The type of denture design used in this study is novel for implant-assisted removable partial denture rehabilitation.
Maternity Nurses' Knowledge about Sudden Unexpected Postnatal Collapse and Safe Newborn Positioning
Authors: Addison Camilla , Ludington-Hoe Susan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Sudden unexpected postnatal collapse (SUPC) of healthy newborns in the first 2 days of life is increasing. These types of adverse events are known to be associated with unsafe positioning during skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding. The purpose of the study was to determine maternity nurses' knowledge about SUPC and safe newborn positioning.

Design:
Nurses who participate in a hosted listserv were solicited to complete a questionnaire.

Methods:
An email with an embedded link to a 20-item questionnaire, the SUPC and Safe Positioning Knowledge Assessment Tool, and 16 demographic questions was sent to 605 maternity nurses in the United States who are part of a Perinatal Listserv for members of the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. Scores were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, and percent correct answers.

Results:
Fifty questionnaires were initiated (response rate of 8.2%), and 36 completed questionnaires (response rate of 5.9%) were analyzed. Maternity nurses' knowledge of SUPC was less than their knowledge of safe newborn positioning (61% correct vs. 72% correct; p < 0.001).

Clinical Implications:
Maternity nurses need more information about SUPC and safe newborn positioning, including risk factors, and effective strategies to reduce risk of preventable newborn harm.
Recruitment Strategies for Nurse Enrollment in an Online Study
Authors: Surdam Jessica , Daly Barbara , Fulton Sarah , Margevicius Seunghee , Schluchter Mark , Flocke Susan , Manne Sharon , Meropol Neal J. 
Published: December 2019

Background
Although there is a great deal of literature regarding effective recruitment and challenges of recruiting specific patient populations, there is less known about best practices for recruitment of nurses as study subjects.

Objectives
The purpose of this article is to report our experience with recruitment and retention for a randomized trial of an online educational program to prepare oncology nurses to discuss oncology clinical trials with patients.

Methods
The study population included currently employed oncology nurses with direct patient interaction. There were three phases of this study: (1) qualitative interviews, (2) a pilot test, and (3) the randomized trial. Phase 3 was rolled out in five waves of recruitment. The distinct phases of the study—and the gradual roll out of recruitment during Phase 3—allowed us to test and refine our recruitment and retention methods for the randomized trial. Upon analysis of our response rate and attrition after the first wave of recruitment in Phase 3, we made several changes to improve recruitment and retention, including adding incentives, shortening the survey, and increasing the number of reminders to complete the program.

Results
The response rate was higher when we used both e-mail and U.S. postal mail solicitations. After the first wave of recruitment in the final phase, changes in our strategies did not increase our overall response rate significantly; however, the rate of attrition following baseline declined.

Discussion
Recruitment planning is an important component of successful clinical research. The use of the Internet for both recruitment of subjects and testing of interventions remains a cost-effective and potentially high yield methodology. Our research demonstrated several successful approaches to yield increased participation and retention of subjects, including seeking formal relationships with professional organizations as sponsors or supporters, providing meaningful incentives to participants, keeping surveys or questionnaires as short as possible, and planning multiple follow-up contacts from the outset.
A Simulation Suture Compared With a Clinical Suture for Training on Laparoscopic Simulators
Authors: Aljamal Yazan , Johnson Daniel E. , Summerson Todd J. , Belda Thomas E. , Thoreson Andrew R. , Farley David R. 
Published: December 2019

Objective
Simulation sutures are a low-cost option for training purposes, but they may not perform as well as the more expensive clinical suture. Trainees at our institution have raised concerns about their quality and integrity compared with clinical suture. The objective was to determine whether significant differences in strength of the sutures and knot holding capabilities between low and high-cost sutures existed.

Methods
Two sutures were compared: 3-0 braided silk simulation suture (Sim*Vivo LLC, Willsboro, NY) and 3-0 Perma-Hand silk braided clinical suture (Ethicon, Somerville, NJ). The diameter of the suture was assessed with light microscopy. Tensile strength of the suture and knotted suture were assessed. Both sutures were tested dry and wet.

Results
Tensile strength of the sutures, knotted or unknotted, were not significantly different. Knot type did not change this comparison. Soaking in saline did not change the tensile strength but did introduce a substantial difference in knot failure mode between sutures. The mean diameter of the Ethicon suture was larger than that of the Sim*Vivo suture, which could influence suture behavior.

Conclusions
The applied mechanical tests identified that clinical and simulation sutures differ some in their inherent mechanical characteristics related to suture handling. However, these differences did not translate to a key measure of performance of a sutured junction, namely, the strength of the knotted suture. Based on the results of the study, any subjective impressions of simulation suture strength and knot holding should not negatively impact its use for medical education.
Blood flow of the venous system during resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta: Noninvasive evaluation using phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Izawa Yoshimitsu , Hishikawa Shuji , Matsumura Yosuke , Nakamura Hiroyasu , Sugimoto Hideharu , Mato Takashi 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a viable resuscitation approach for a subdiaphragmatic injury that can regulate arterial blood flow. On the other hand, the evaluation of venous or portal venous blood flow during REBOA remains insufficient because invasive cannulation or exposure of the vessel may affect the blood flow, and Doppler echography is highly operator-dependent. However, phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging has enabled accurate evaluation and noninvasive measurement. This study aimed to investigate the change of venous and portal venous blood flow during REBOA in a porcine model.

METHODS
Seven pigs were anesthetized, and a REBOA catheter was placed. The blood flows of the inferior vena cava (IVC), hepatic vein (HV), portal vein (PV), and superior vena cava (SVC) were measured using phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging, in both the balloon deflated (no-REBOA) and fully balloon inflated (REBOA) states. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure, cardiac index, and systemic vascular resistance index were measured.

RESULTS
The blood flows of the suprahepatic, infrahepatic, and distal IVC, HV, and PV in the no-REBOA state were 1.40 ± 0.36 L·min−1, 0.94 ± 0.16 L·min−1, 0.50 ± 0.19 L·min−1, 0.060 ± 0.018 L·min−1, and 0.32 ± 0.091 L·min−1, respectively. The blood flow of each section in the REBOA condition was significantly decreased at 0.41 ± 0.078 (33% of baseline), 0.15 ± 0.13 (15%), 0.043 ± 0.034 (9%), 0.029 ± 0.017 (37%), and 0.070 ± 0.034 L·min−1 (21%), respectively. The blood flow of the SVC increased significantly in the REBOA condition (1.4 ± 0.63 L·min−1 vs. 0.53 ± 0.14 L·min−1 [257%]). Mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, cardiac index, and systemic vascular resistance index were significantly increased after REBOA inflation.

CONCLUSION
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta decreased blood flows of the IVC, HV, and PV and increased blood flow of the SVC. This result could be explained by the collateral flow from the lower body to the SVC. A better understanding of the effect of REBOA on the venous and portal venous systems may help control liver injury.