bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preference for Intuition and Deliberation in Eating Decision‐making: Scale validation and associations with eating behaviour and health
Authors: König Laura M. , Sproesser Gudrun , Schupp Harald T. , Renner Britta 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTwo distinct lines of research separately regard either deliberately regulated eating or intuitive eating as most beneficial for health. The present research aims to integrate these seemingly contradictory findings by investigating the relationships between Preference for Intuition and Deliberation in Eating Decision‐making (E‐PID) and subjective and objective health‐related parameters using a newly developed scale.DesignStudy 1: online survey; Study 2: cross‐sectional community cohort sample.MethodsStudy 1 (N = 699) assessed E‐PID, intuitive, restrained, and external eating, motivation to eat healthily, domain‐unspecific Preference for Intuition and Deliberation, and general self‐control. Study 2 (N = 1,212) assessed E‐PID, positive eating, intention to eat healthily, eating behaviour, and objective health risk factors (BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting serum glucose, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides).ResultsStudy 1 confirmed a two‐factor structure and provided evidence for construct validity: A higher preference for intuition was positively related to intuitive eating, while a higher preference for deliberation was associated with increased dietary restraint. In Study 2, preference for deliberation was positively related to the intention to eat healthy, healthy eating behaviour, and health parameters. Preference for intuition was generally unrelated to health parameters, although a higher preference for intuition was related to a somewhat unhealthier eating pattern.ConclusionsPreference for intuition and deliberation when making food choices are two distinct decision‐making styles: The former focuses on internal cues, while the latter focuses on cognitive regulation of food intake. Despite these differences, neither decision‐making style was shown to be detrimental.
Elite stigmatization of the unemployed: The association between framing and public attitudes
Authors: Okoroji Celestin , Gleibs Ilka H. , Jovchelovitch Sandra 
Published: July 2020

This paper uses a multi‐methods approach to explore the social psychological construction of stigma towards the unemployed. Study 1a uses thematic analysis to explore frames used by political elites in speeches at U.K. national party conferences between 1996 and 2016 (n = 43); in study 1b, we track the usage of these frames in six national newspapers (n = 167,723 articles) over the same period showing an increase in the use of negative frames. Study 1c shows that these are associated with national attitudes towards welfare recipients using the British Social Attitude Survey. We find the ‘Othering’ frame is correlated with negative attitudes towards the unemployed, even when controlling for the unemployment rate. This finding supports the claim that social attitudes are related to frames produced in the political and media spheres. We provide theoretical integration between social representations theory and framing which affords development in both domains.
Risk stratification for the prediction of overall survival could assist treatment decision‐making at diagnosis of castration‐resistant prostate cancer: a multicentre collaborative study in Japan
Authors: Uchimoto Taizo , Komura Kazumasa , Fukuokaya Wataru , Kimura Takahiro , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Fujiwara Yuya , Matsunaga Tomohisa , Tsutsumi Takeshi , Tsujino Takuya , Maenosono Ryoichi , Yoshikawa Yuki , Taniguchi Kohei , Tanaka Tomohito , Uehara Hirofumi , Ibuki Naokazu , Hirano Hajime , Nomi Hayahito , Takahara Kiyoshi , Inamoto Teruo , Egawa Shin , Azuma Haruhito 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo assess whether a new risk stratification system according to predictors for overall survival (OS) at the diagnosis of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) could determine treatment outcomes and assist in treatment decision‐making.Patients and MethodsTwo independent clinical cohorts of patients, treated with androgen signalling inhibitors (ASIs: abiraterone and enzalutamide) or docetaxel as a first‐line treatment for mCRPC, were used in this study: a derivation cohort (196 patients with mCRPC) and an external validation cohort (211 patients with mCRPC).ResultsThree independent predictors for OS, including duration of initial androgen deprivation therapy <12 months before mCRPC diagnosis, alkaline phosphatase level >350 U/dL and haemoglobin level <11 g/dL at the diagnosis of mCRPC, were defined as risk factors. Patients with zero, one and multiple risk factors were assigned to a favourable‐, intermediate‐ and poor‐risk group, respectively. The median OS values in each risk group were well separated in the derivation cohort (P < 0.001) as well as in the validation cohort (P < 0.001). Of a total of 407 patients with mCRPC, 84 were assigned to the poor‐risk group with the median OS of 12 months. In this group, a trend towards longer OS favouring docetaxel compared to ASIs as the first‐line treatment (medians of 17 and 12 months, respectively) was observed.ConclusionThe new risk group stratification system could predict patient survival at the diagnosis of mCRPC. Given the convenience of these risk definitions, physicians may be encouraged to consider these risk groups in daily practice.
Student–Teacher Relationships and Students’ Externalizing and Internalizing Behaviors: A Cross‐Lagged Study in Secondary Education
Authors: Roorda Debora L. , Koomen Helma M.Y. 
Published: July 2020

The present study examined reciprocal influences between student–teacher relationship quality and students’ externalizing and internalizing behaviors in secondary education. Our sample included 1,219 secondary school students (49.1% boys; Mage = 13.53, SD = 1.77) from seventh, eighth, tenth, and eleventh grade. Students reported about their externalizing and internalizing behaviors and the quality of the relationships (closeness, conflict) with their Dutch and math teachers at three occasions within one school year. Cross‐lagged path models showed positive reciprocal associations between conflict with the math teacher and externalizing behavior over time. For the Dutch teacher, externalizing behavior positively predicted conflict over time, but not the other way around. Externalizing behavior also negatively predicted closeness with both teachers over time.
Natural Compatibilism, Indeterminism, and Intrusive Metaphysics
Authors: Nadelhoffer Thomas , Rose David , Buckwalter Wesley , Nichols Shaun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe claim that common sense regards free will and moral responsibility as compatible with determinism has played a central role in both analytic and experimental philosophy. In this paper, we show that evidence in favor of this “natural compatibilism” is undermined by the role that indeterministic metaphysical views play in how people construe deterministic scenarios. To demonstrate this, we re‐examine two classic studies that have been used to support natural compatibilism. We find that although people give apparently compatibilist responses, this is largely explained by the fact that people import an indeterministic metaphysics into deterministic scenarios when making judgments about freedom and responsibility. We conclude that judgments based on these scenarios are not reliable evidence for natural compatibilism.
NovelLRRFIP2‐RAF1fusion identified in an acral melanoma: A review of the literature on melanocytic proliferations withRAF1fusions and the potential therapeutic implications
Authors: LeBlanc Robert E. , Lefferts Joel A. , Baker Michael L. , Linos Konstantinos D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA small subset of cutaneous melanomas harbor oncogenic gene fusions, which could potentially serve as therapeutic targets for patients with advanced disease as novel therapies are developed. Fusions involvingRAF1are exceedingly rare in melanocytic neoplasms, occurring in less than 1% of melanomas, and usually arise in tumors that are wild type forBRAF,NRAS, andNF1. We describe herein a case of acral melanoma with two satellite metastases and sentinel lymph node involvement. The melanoma had a concomitantKITvariant andLRRFIP2‐RAF1fusion. This constellation of molecular findings has not been reported previously in melanoma. We review the existing literature on melanocytic neoplasms withRAF1fusions and discuss the potential clinical implications of this genetic event.
Spirit and truth: Reckoning with the crises of Covid‐19 for the Church
Authors: Evener Vincent 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Covid‐19 pandemic forces North American churches to reckon with long‐standing crises and questions surrounding online community, access to worship, decline in membership, the struggle of small congregations, and the reality of our global communion. This article describes a response grounded in faith defined as confidence in our liberation from pride and despair through Jesus Christ. There is need for clarity of doctrine and spiritual courage to fulfill the church's twofold mission to sustain and grow the body of Christ; both these tasks require courage to approach and speak from the Gospel in ever‐new contexts and ages.
Effect of cilostazol on carotid plaque volume measured by three‐dimensional ultrasonography in patients with type 2 diabetes: The FANCY study
Authors: Lee Dong‐Hwa , Chun Eun Ju , Moon Ji Hye , Yun Han Mi , Lim Soo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo conduct a prospective randomized study to evaluate cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, and compare it with aspirin for the prevention of the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and methodsFifty patients with T2D and carotid atherosclerotic plaques were randomly assigned to either a 200 mg/d cilostazol (CTZ) group or a 100 mg/d aspirin (ASA) group for 6 months. The primary endpoint was change in plaque volume measured by carotid three‐dimensional ultrasonography. The secondary endpoints were changes in carotid intima–media thickness (IMT) and endothelial function, assessed by laser Doppler.ResultsTwenty‐four patients in the CTZ group and 23 in the ASA group were included in the final analysis. The mean ± SD age of male (n = 20) and female (n = 16) patients was 62.2 and 59.1 years, respectively. The total plaque volume was slightly decreased in the CTZ group (from 183.8 ± 52.5 to 181.5 ± 54.0 mm3; P = .567), but significantly increased in the ASA group (from 112.9 ± 21.2 to 128.5 ± 23.3 mm3; P = .043). A significant regression in the maximum IMT was observed only in the CTZ group (right: from 2.19 ± 0.17 to 1.96 ± 0.12 mm; left: from 2.02 ± 0.20 to 1.72 ± 0.19 mm). The CTZ group exhibited an increase in HDL cholesterol and a decrease in triglycerides and liver enzymes.ConclusionsCilostazol treatment for 6 months significantly attenuated the progression of carotid plaque compared with aspirin in patients with T2D (NCT03248401).
Efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin in older patients with type 2 diabetes: A pooled analysis of phase III studies
Authors: Pratley Richard , Dagogo‐Jack Samuel , Charbonnel Bernard , Patel Shrita , Hickman Anne , Liu Jie , Tarasenko Lisa , Pong Annpey , Ellison Misoo C. , Huyck Susan , Gantz Ira , Terra Steven G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimTo assess the efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin in older patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and methodsThis is a post hoc analysis of patients with T2D aged less than 65 years and those aged 65 years or older who participated in randomized, double‐blind, phase III studies of ertugliflozin. Efficacy was evaluated in a pooled analysis of three placebo‐controlled studies (ertugliflozin monotherapy and add‐on therapy). Safety was evaluated in a pooled analysis of seven placebo‐ and active‐controlled studies (including those used for efficacy). Least‐squares mean change from baseline was calculated for HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body weight (BW) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Safety evaluation included overall and prespecified adverse events (AEs).ResultsIn participants aged less than 65 years, the placebo‐adjusted mean changes from baseline in HbA1c, BW and SBP with ertugliflozin 5 and 15 mg at week 26 were −0.9% and −1.0%, −1.9 and −1.8 kg, and −3.7 and −3.6 mmHg, respectively; in participants aged 65 years or older they were −0.6% and −0.8%, −1.9 and −2.2 kg, and −2.7 and −3.4 mmHg, respectively. The incidences of AEs, serious AEs, discontinuations and deaths in participants aged less than 65 years and those aged 65 years or older were generally similar across the treatment groups. In patients aged 65 years or older the incidences of volume depletion AEs and genital mycotic infection were higher with ertugliflozin than with non‐ertugliflozin.ConclusionsErtugliflozin improved glycaemic control, BW and SBP in younger and older individuals with T2D and was generally well tolerated in both groups.
Losing the thread: a response to Robert Allen†
Authors: Humphries Jane , Schneider Benjamin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn an earlier article we used archival and printed primary sources to construct the first long‐run wage series for hand spinning in early modern Britain. This evidence challenged Robert Allen's claim that spinners were part of the ‘high wage economy’, which he sees as motivating invention, innovation, and mechanization in the spinning section of the textile industry. We respond to Allen's subsequent criticism of our argument, sources, and methods, and his presentation of alternative evidence. Allen contends that we have understated both the earnings and associated productivity of hand spinners by focusing on part‐time and low‐quality workers. His rejoinder rests on an ahistorical account of spinners’ work and similarly weak evidence on wages as did his initial claims. Our augmented version of the spinners’ wages dataset confirms our original findings. Spinners’ wages were low even compared with other women workers, and neither wages nor the piece rates that determined unit labour costs followed a trajectory that could explain the invention and spread of the spinning jenny.
Never Let a Crisis Go to Waste: Large‐Scale Assessment and the Response to COVID‐19
Authors: Camara Wayne 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn early spring 2020 the vast majority of US colleges and schools closed for the year due to COVID‐19 with no clear direction on when or how these institutions will reopen for in‐person instruction. School closures and the associated health concerns haulted large scale admissions testing and required alternative models such as remote proctoring at home, additional flexibility in test sites and administrative conditions, and additional testing dates for the fall. It is clear that access to admissions testing has been greatly reduced despite these efforts resulting in extended deadlines in graduate admissions and the wide‐scale adoption of test‐optional polcies in undergraduate admissions. This paper traces the efforts undertaken by admissions testing programs to adapt to COVID‐19 and the measurement issues which emerge from these efforts.
Hypomimia in Parkinson’s disease: an axial sign responsive to levodopa
Authors: Ricciardi L. , De Angelis A. , Marsili L. , Faiman I. , Pradhan P. , Pereira E. A. , Edwards M. J. , Morgante F. , Bologna M. 
Published: July 2020

Background and purposeHypomimia is a prominent clinical feature in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD), but it remains under‐investigated. We aimed to examine the clinical correlates of hypomimia in PD and to determine whether this is a levodopa‐responsive sign.MethodsWe included 89 people with PD. Hypomimia was assessed from digital video recordings by movement disorder specialists. Clinical evaluation included use of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS‐III), and assessment of motor and non‐motor symptoms using standardized clinical scales. The relationships between hypomimia and other clinical data were analysed using Mann–Whitney U‐tests and regression analysis.ResultsHypomimia occurred in up to 70% of patients with PD. Patients with hypomimia had worse UPDRS‐III 'off‐medication' scores, mainly driven by bradykinesia and rigidity subscores. Patients with hypomimia also had worse apathy than patients without hypomimia. Finally, we found that hypomimia was levodopa‐responsive and its improvement mirrored the change by levodopa in axial motor symptoms.ConclusionOur study provides novel information regarding the clinical correlates of hypomimia in people with PD. A better understanding of hypomimia may be relevant for improving treatment and quality of life in PD.
Common set of weights in data envelopment analysis under prospect theory
Authors: Yu Yu , Zhu Weiwei , Shi Qinfen , Zhuang Shangwen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractData envelopment analysis (DEA) is a data‐driven tool for performance evaluation, measuring decision‐making units (DMUs) and designating them with specific weightings. The standard DEA model typically sets up that decision‐makers (DMs) are wholly rational to select the most favourable weights to obtain the maximum performance score, but does not take into account their attitude toward risk during the assessment. The prospect theory generally matches humans' psychological behaviours. Thus, our study captures the non‐rational behaviours of DMs, performing under risk scenarios, in order to construct a novel common‐weights DEA model that maximizes the total prospect value, which can vary more steeply for losses than for gains, hence obtaining a more realistic common weight scheme. Our proposed model not only generates DMUs, with higher total prospect values, but also greater degrees of satisfaction. The current study shows that the prospect theory can be aptly extended to the DEA research area, supplying a proper guideline for future DEA research.
Complex spatial networks: Theory and geospatial applications
Authors: Anderson Taylor , Dragićević Suzana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractComplex systems modeling approaches offer the means to examine the way in which local interactions between system components form emergent systems. Using these bottom‐up modeling approaches in combination with geographic information systems (GIS) and geospatial data, the complexity inherent to spatial phenomena including geographical, urban, ecological, or geophysical systems can be captured and represented. Scientific research in the field of network science also uses a complex systems approach to conceptualize, model, and analyze geospatial systems as networks. Despite having common characteristics, complexity, geographic information, and network sciences are not yet fully integrated. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of scientific research related to network theory and to evaluate the potential of their integration with complex systems modeling approaches originating in the field of geographic information science (GISc). This article finds that existing literature focuses on characterizing static spatial network structures to better understand the dynamics that take place on or within them. This article argues for a necessity in research advancements to explore the way in which real spatial network structures evolve in response to spatial dynamics and advocates for the integration of geographic automata systems (GAS) modeling approaches with networks to do so. The mathematical foundation for graph theory, including the measures that are used to describe networks and the theoretical graph types, are introduced. Geospatial applications of networks and graph theory are also presented. Examples of network‐based automata models are presented as avenues for future research work in evolving spatial networks as part of GISc and computational geography.
Adherence to prophylaxis in adult patients with severe haemophilia A
Authors: Bonanad Santiago , García‐Dasí María , Aznar José A. , Mingot‐Castellano María Eva , Jiménez‐Yuste Victor , Calle MªVictoria , Palma Antonio , López‐Fernández María Fernanda , Marco Pascual , Paloma María José , Fernández‐Mosteirin Nuria , Galmés Bernat , Sanabria Martín , Álvarez MªPilar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionAdherence is a cornerstone of factor VIII prophylactic treatment. Information regarding the factors with potential influence on adherence is limited, particularly in adult patients.AimTo assess adherence in adult patients with severe haemophilia A receiving prophylactic treatment in a real‐life setting, and investigate the factors influencing adherence.MethodsObservational, prospective study including adult patients receiving factor VIII therapy in 15 Spanish centres. Patients recorded infusion doses on a logbook and answered various questionnaires to assess their health beliefs. Adherence rate was the percentage of infused doses over the prescribed ones. Self‐perceived adherence was assessed using the VERITAS‐Pro questionnaire, the psychometric properties of which were validated in the Spanish population. The relationship between adherence rate and treatment, clinical and demographic characteristics, health beliefs and perceived self‐efficacy was investigated.ResultsA total of 66 patients were followed up for 12 months. Mean adherence rate at the end of follow‐up was 82.5%. Most of the study patients (n = 53, 80.3%) showed a moderate‐to‐high adherence rate (>70%). The VERITAS‐Pro revealed a high perception of adherence. Multivariate analyses to predict treatment adherence identified the knee as a target joint and longer treatment duration as variables with significant (negative) influence on adherence. Adherence rate was not influenced by the patient's health beliefs or perceived self‐efficacy.ConclusionMost adult patients receiving factor VIII prophylactic treatment in Spain have moderate‐to‐high treatment adherence. Treatment duration and the knee as a target joint are factors with a moderate negative influence on treatment adherence.
Homogeneous distribution of fatty ester‐based active cosmetic ingredients in hydrophilic thin films by means of nanodispersion
Authors: Munnier Emilie , Al Assaad Almar , David Stephanie , Mahut Frédéric , Vayer Marylène , Van Gheluwe Louise , Yvergnaux Florent , Sinturel Christophe , Soucé Martin , Chourpa Igor , Bonnier Franck 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveCosmetic films and patches are interesting forms to promote skin penetration of active ingredients as they ensure their long stay on the treated zone of the skin. Nevertheless, currently developed films and patches are most of all hydrophilic and are not adapted to the hydrophobic molecules. The aim of this study was to establish whether nanodispersion of fatty acid‐based active cosmetic ingredients (ACI) could be a manner to introduce high concentrations of those ACI in hydrophilic films.MethodsPunica granatum seed oil hydroxyphenethyl esters (PHE) constitute a commercialized lipolytic cosmetic ingredient obtained by enzymatic conjugation of tyrosol to long‐chain fatty acids and to enhance its skin diffusion. Nanodispersions of PHE were prepared by a green emulsion‐solvent evaporation process and dispersed in polyvinyl alcohol films. Raman imaging coupled to multivariate analysis was used to study the distribution of PHE in the films.ResultsNanodispersions of PHE combined with antioxidant vitamin E and stabilized by Pluronic® F127 were successfully prepared. The nanodispersions show a spherical shape and a hydrodynamic diameter close to 100 nm. Raman images analysis with multivariate approaches showed a very homogeneous distribution of PHE nanodispersions in the films compared to free PHE introduced as an ethanol solution.ConclusionNanodispersions of hydrophobic fatty acid‐based ingredients seem to be relevant method to introduce this type of ingredient in hydrophilic film matrix. The co‐suspension with vitamin E limits their degradation in time.