bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence & features of inner ear malformations among children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss: A Public Cochlear Implant Centre Experience
Authors: Ahmed Jawwad , Saqulain Ghulam , Khan Muhammad Iqbal javed , Kausar Mobeen 
Published: September 2020

Objective: To determine the prevalence and features of inner ear anomalies in children with congenital profound hearing loss who presented at our cochlear implant center based on imaging studies.
Methods: This retrospective study reviewed charts of children with congenital SNHL, who presented to Department of Otolaryngology & Auditory Implant Centre, Capital Hospital Islamabad over a period of 2 years from 1st May 2017 to 30th April 2019. These included 481 cases of both genders aged between 1 to 12 years. After gathering demographic data, audiological data, computed tomography findings of the temporal bone were analyzed. Data was analyzed using SPSS 22.
Results: The Inner Ear Malformations were identified in 48(10%) children including 28 (58.33%) males and 20 (41.67%) female. Most 20(41.67%) presented at >3-5 years of age followed by 19(39.58%) at 2-3 years. However, no significant association of gender (p=0.57, p=0.076) and age of presentation (p=0.344, p=0.697) for right and left ears was noted with inner ear malformations. The most common anomaly noted were CLA, CH-III and CH-II in decreasing order of frequency in both ears.
Conclusion: The prevalence of IEM’s was found to be 48(10%). Commonest anomalies noted were CLA, CH-III and CH-II. No significant association of gender and age of presentation was noted with type of anomaly in both ears.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.3134
How to cite this:Ahmed J, Saqulain G, Khan MIJ, Kausar M. Prevalence & features of inner ear malformations among children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss: A Public Cochlear Implant Centre Experience . Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1511-1516. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.3134
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Tunable microring resonators using light-activated functional polymer coatings
Authors: Velázquez-Benítez Amado M. , Hernández-Cordero Juan 
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate tunable microring resonators (TMRs) based on light-activated functional polymer coatings deposited on glass optical fibers. TMRs were fabricated using two layers of polydimethylsiloxane-based compounds: one incorporating an azobenzene dye and one using a fluorescent ytterbium and erbium-doped sodium yttrium fluoride powder. The latter yields a photoluminescent composite producing green up-conversion emission under infrared pumping. This visible emission triggers photoinduced birefringence effects in the azobenzene layer, thereby modifying the spectral features of the TMR devices. The shift in the resonance peaks as a function of pump power is linear, yielding a tuning range of 1.3 nm. Aside from the observed photoinduced effects, we also discuss the photothermal effects involved in the tuning mechanism.
Pengembangan Program Matrikulasi Bahasa Arab untuk Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Barokatunisa Rizqa 
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine the concept of developing language teaching or material mahârah istim 'and mahārah kalâm in Arabic matriculation at MAN 1 Boyolali. This research uses research and development (R&D) methods that are used to produce a particular product. The steps taken are needs analysis, learning design, product development, validation of media experts and material experts, teacher and/or student responses, revisions, and final / product development. Data collection methods used were observation, tests, documentation, and interviews. The concept of developing material in this study there are five, namely analysis, design, development, evaluation and revision. There are seven steps in the design of learning material development in this study, namely: Requirement analysis, Learning design, Product development (teaching material), Product validation, Teacher and student responses, Revision, and Product material/teaching material. According to the data obtained from observations and interviews shows that the matriculation program is proven effective in improving students' ability in learning Arabic, especially in mahārah istimâ ’and mahārah kalâm.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsep pengembangan bahasa ajar atau materi mahârah istimâ’ dan mahârah kalâm dalam matrikulasi bahasa Arab di MAN 1 Boyolali. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode research and development (R&D) yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan suatu produk tertentu. Langkah – langkah yang dilakukan adalah analisis kebutuhan, desain pembelajaran, pengembangan produk, validasi ahli media dan ahli materi, respon guru dan atau siswa, revisi, dan hasil akhir/ produk pengembangan. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, tes, dokumentasi dan wawancara. Konsep pengembangan materi dalam penelitian ini ada lima, yaitu analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, evaluasi dan revisi. Langkah – langkah dalam desain pengembangan materi pembelajaran dalam penelitian ini ada tujuh, yaitu : Analisis kebutuhan, Desain pembelajaran, Pengembangan produk (materi ajar), Validasi produk, Respon guru dan siswa, Revisi, dan Produk materi/ bahan ajar. Menurut data yang dipeoleh dari observasi dan wawancara menunjukkan bahwa program matrikulasi terbukti efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab khususnya dalam mahârah istimâ’ dan mahârah kalâm.
Kata Kunci: Pengembangan Materi, Mahârah Istimâ’, Mahârah Kalâm, Program Matrikulasi
Ta’līmu Mahārati al-Kalām li ath-Thullābi Tahta Ri’āyati an-Nāthiqi bi al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyah: Musykilātuhā wa halluhā
Authors: Uul Samirotul Azizah 
Published: September 2020

This research is aimed to reveal and explain the speaking skill teaching and learning process of Arabic foreign language carried out by a native speaker as the lecturer. Data and data sources of this research are first-semester student’s Arabic listening and conversation of the Education Faculty of Walisongo Semarang State Islamic University. The research is a kind of qualitative research with data collection through observation, interview, and documentation. The finding of research says that the learning methods used in teaching and learning speaking skills by the native speaker are a direct method and “tarjamah” method. There are still many shortcomings and problems were found including the materials, time period, methods and human resources are inadequate. Based on the case this research tries to put down some suggestions to overcome problems suffered by the students and lecturer.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembelajaran Mahārah Kalām (keterampilan berbicara) yang dilakukan oleh Native Speaker (penutur asli) sebagai pengajarnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Fakultas Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan (FITK) Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif lapangan dengan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi sebagai metode pengumpulan datanya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode pembelajaran yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran Mahārah Kalām oleh Native Speaker adalah metode langsung dan terjemah. Adapun problem pembelajaran yang terjadi dalam pembelajaran maharah kalam oleh penutur asli datang dari beberapa segi, diantaranya: segi mahasiswa, guru, materi pembelajaran, waktu pembelajaran dan metode pembelajaran. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut penelitian ini menemukan beberapa solusi yang ditawarkan untuk mengatasi problem yang ada.
Kata kunci: Pembelajaran Maharah Kalam, Penutur Asli, Problematika dan Saran
Konsep Pendidikan Humanistik Ki Hadjar Dewantara dan Relevansinya Terhadap Desain Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab
Authors: Umam Muhammad Khotibul , Syamsiyah Dailatus 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemikiran Ki Hadjar Dewantara tentang konsep pendidikan humanistik dan merelevansikannya dengan desain pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian literer (library research) yang bersifat kualitatif dengan metode dokumenter. Teknik analisis data bersifat deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran Ki Hadjar Dewantara tentang konsep pendidikan humanistik sangat mungkin untuk direlevansikan dengan desain pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Desain pembelajaran bahasa Arab sudah seharusnya menempatkan peserta didik sebagai individu merdeka yang memiliki potensi untuk kreatif dan berkembang. Meskipun dari segi struktur materi bahasa Arab cenderung behavioristik, yang menempatkan peserta didik sebagai objek yang dituangi pengetahuan tentang ketata bahasaan, namun pilihan metode dalam pembelajaran bisa menyediakan “ruang pembebasan” bagi peserta didik untuk berkembang dan bertumbuh secara merdeka dalam proses belajar dan menguasai Bahasa Arab. Pilihan metode pembelajaran Bahasa yang humanis antara lain Active Learning, Cooperatif Learning, Contextual Teaching Learning, dan pembelajaran Quantum adalah tipologi metode pembelajaran yang membebaskan dan memiliki pijakan esensial yang sangat relevan dengan pemikiran humanistik Ki Hadjar Dewantara.
ملخص
تـهدف هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة كيف أفكار كياهي هاجر ديوانتارا حول مفهوم التربية الإنسانية و إحياء ذلك مع تصميم تعلم اللغة العربية. هذا النوع من البحث هو بحث نوعي او بحث المكتبة مع أساليب وثائقي. فتقنية تحليل البيانات هي وصفية نوعية. تشير نتائج هذه الدراسة إلى أن أفكار كياهي هاجر ديوانتارا حول مفهوم التعليم الإنساني من المرجح أن تكون ذات صلة بتصميم تعلم اللغة العربية. يجب أن يضع تصميم تعلم اللغة العربية الطلاب كأفراد مستقلين لديهم القدرة على الإبداع والتطور. على الرغم من أن بنية المادة العربية تميل إلى أن تكون سلوكية ، الأمر الذي يجعل الطلاب كأشياء تُسكب معرفة القواعد ، لكن اختيار الأساليب في التعلم يمكن أن يوفر "مساحة تحرير" للطلاب للتطور والنمو بشكل مستقل في عملية التعلم وإتقان اللغة العربية. اختيار أساليب تعلم اللغة التي هي إنسانية تشمل تعلم النشط ، والتعلم التعاوني ، وتعلم المحتوى السياقي ، والتعلم الكم ، هي نماذج من أساليب التعلم التي تحرر ولديها موطئ قدم أساسية لها صلة وثيقة بالتفكير الإنساني لكياهي هجار ديوانتارا.
الكلمات الرئيسية: التعليم الإنساني، تصميم تعليم اللغة العربية
PENGARUH MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KAMUS ONLINE AL-MA’ĀNY DALAM MENINGKATKAN MAHĀRAH AL-QIRĀ’AH PADA SISWA KELAS X MAN 2 SLEMAN TAHUN AJARAN 2017/2018 (Studi Eksperimen)
Authors: Aidah Fitriya  
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine how the application of Al-Ma'any online dictionary media and whether there is a difference between learning that uses Al-Ma'any online dictionary media and those who do not use Al-Ma'any online dictionary media for maharah Al-Qirā'ah in class X MAN 2 Sleman. This study uses a quantitative approach while the type of research is Experimental Research. The sample in this study was 60 students, consisting of class X MIA I which was used as an experimental class with a total of 30 students and class X MIA II which was used as a control class with a total of 30 students. For data collection techniques in this study using conservation, test and documentation. Analysis of the data using T test analysis with analysis requirements Normality Test using Kolmogrof-Smirnov and homogeneity. The results of this study indicate that learning Arabic by using Al-Ma'āny online dictionary learning media can improve the Mahārah of Al-Qirā'ah in the learning of Arabic students. This is demonstrated by using SPSS 19. The output results show that in the Independent Sample Test t-test the posttest value of the experimental class students found that a significant value of 0,000 <0.05 and from the analysis of the T test the value of T counted 5.148> T table 2.045, then H0 is rejected, meaning that there is a difference in the use of Al-Ma'āny's online dictionary learning media for the learning of the Mahārah of Al-Qirā'ah
Keywords: Learning Media, Al-Ma’any Dictionary. mahārah Al-Qirā’ah
Les fausses nouvelles. Un millénaire de bruits et de rumeurs dans l’espace public français - Ph Bourdin, S. Le Bras (dir.), 2018.
Authors: Naït-Bouda Faïza 
Published: September 2020

Recensé : Philippe Bourdin, Stéphane Le Bras (dir.), Les fausses nouvelles. Un millénaire de bruits et de rumeurs dans l’espace public français, Clermont-Ferrand, Presses universitaires Blaise Pascal, 2018, 212 p.
L’école à l’épreuve du partenariat - François Baluteau, 2017
Authors: Devos Lisa 
Published: September 2020

Dans un contexte marqué par l’importance croissante du pilotage par les performances (Maroy, 2006), l’école s’éloigne de plus en plus du modèle de l’organisation centralisée et bureaucratique répondant aux besoins de la nation. L’éducation est devenue une priorité de l’Union Européenne qui développe des mécanismes de gouvernance variés afin d’influencer les systèmes éducatifs de ses pays membres. Elle invite par exemple les établissements scolaires à « resserrer leurs liens avec l’environnement local »[1] et à développer de nouvelles formes de partenariat. Les écoles semblent aujourd’hui constituer des « organisations en réseau », travaillant en partenariat avec une série d’autres organismes pour remplir leurs missions. Le partenariat est convoqué pour résoudre de nombreux problèmes scolaires, pour réagir aux nouvelles demandes adressées à l’école et faire face aux mutations sociétales. Gage d’efficacité et de réussite, il devient une norme pour les personnels scolaires et les membres des associations, entreprises et institutions qui évoluent dans l’environnement des écoles.
Uwarunkowania społeczno-ekonomiczne osadnictwa uchodźców bułgarskich w latach 20. XX wieku
Authors: Paszkiewicz Jędrzej 
Published: September 2020

Socio-economic conditions of refugees’ settlement in Bulgaria in the 1920s.The influx of immigrants into Bulgaria during the first two decades of 20th century was aresult of the two lost armed conflicts and border shifts between 1913 and 1918. These changesin turn resulted in disruption of the socio-political and economic situation within the country.The government was unable to efficiently overcome the consequences of high immigration,which aggravated the already present social and economic difficulties and threatened the internal stability of the state. On the other hand, in spite of the grave political and economiccrisis, certain measures were undertaken to counter the negative tendencies, with state supportfor the agricultural settlement. The partial success of the above was possible due to theagriculture reform introduced in 1924 and financial credits from abroad (1926, 1928). Theoutcome was sufficient for the Bulgarian government to deem the settlement action a success, an enhancement of the country's internal stability and appeasement of the general public. Nevertheless, a number of pressing issues remained, resulting mostly from a lack of systemic support to the immigrants and their families. The refugee integration process was hindered bythe lack of a secure economic foundation and the differences among the particular socialgroups.
Fieldwork on epistemic authority markers: What we can learn from different types of data
Authors: Grzech Karolina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEpistemicity in language encompasses various kinds of constructions and expressions that have to do with knowledge-related aspects of linguistic meaning (cf. Grzech, Karolina, Eva Schultze-Berndt and Henrik Bergqvist. 2020c. Knowing in interaction: an introduction.Folia Linguistica[this issue]). It includes some well-established categories, such as evidentiality and epistemic modality (Boye, Kasper. 2012.Epistemic meaning: A crosslinguistic and functional-cognitive study. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton), but also categories that have been less well described to-date. In this paper, I focus on one such category: the marking of epistemic authority, i.e. the encoding of “the right to know or claim” (Stivers, Tanya, Lorenza Mondada & Jakob Steensig. 2011b. Knowledge, morality and affiliation in social interaction. In Stivers et al. 2011a). I explore how the marking of epistemic authority can be documented and analysed in the context of linguistic fieldwork. The discussion is based on a case study of Upper Napo Kichwa, a Quechuan language spoken in the Ecuadorian Amazon that exhibits a rich paradigm of epistemic discourse markers, encoding meanings related to epistemic authority and distribution of knowledge between discourse participants. I describe and appraise the methodology for epistemic fieldwork used in the Upper Napo Kichwa documentation and description project. I give a detailed account of the different tools and methods of data collection, showing their strengths and weaknesses. I also discuss the decisions made at the different stages of the project and their implications for data collection and analysis. In discussing these issues, I extrapolate from the case study, proposing practical solutions for fieldwork-based research on epistemic markers.
New approach of clustering of late Pleni-Weichselian loess deposits (L1LL1) in Poland
Authors: Krawczyk Marcin , Wieczorek Małgorzata 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The results of grain size distribution of loess units are suitable for the study of past climate change. There are many methods for the analysis of the grain size, but clustering methods have not been used before. In this article, a new approach in the sediment research, the k-median method was used. This method separates the grain size classes of the youngest loess units of three loess-soil profiles in Poland: Biały Kościół, Złota and Tyszowce. In the analysis, only the content for the loess silt fraction (range from 4 to 63 µm) was used. This allowed eliminating the admixtures of sandy and clay fraction, considered as secondary material. For the purposes of this analysis, silt fractions were divided into smaller units using a 1/4 phi interval, resulting in 16 new subfractions. The grain size data from three profiles were combined into one data set. As a result, four classes with a similar internal of grain structure were obtained. The separated classes showed the sedimentological variability of the sediment well. It has been shown that the k-median method can be used to classify loess in a fast and objective way.
Optimization of exact controllability for fractional impulsive partial stochastic differential systems via analytic sectorial operators
Authors: Yan Zuomao , Zhou Yong-Hui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the optimization problems of exact controllability for a new class of fractional impulsive partial stochastic differential systems with state-dependent delay in Hilbert spaces. By utilizing suitable fixed point approach without imposing severe compactness condition on the operators, the theory of analytic sectorial operators, stochastic analysis, and the Hausdorff measure of noncompactness, some sufficient conditions are derived for achieving the required results. Finally, an example is provided to illustrate the obtained theory.
Correlation of errors in inverse problems of optical coatings monitoring
Authors: Kochikov Igor V. , Sharapova Svetlana A. , Yagola Anatoly G. , Tikhonravov Alexander V. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
On-line optical monitoring of multilayer coating production requires solving inverse identification problems of determining the thicknesses of coating layers.
Regardless of the algorithm used to solve inverse problems, the errors in the thicknesses of the deposited layers are correlated by the monitoring procedure.
Studying the correlation of thickness errors is important for the production of the most complex optical coatings.
We develop a general geometric approach to study this correlation.
It is based on a statistical analysis of large numbers of error vectors obtained during computational experiments on optical coating production.
The application of the proposed approach is demonstrated using computational manufacturing experiments on the production of a 50-layer filter with four different monitoring strategies.
A special coefficient is introduced to evaluate the strength of the error correlation effect.
The results obtained confirm that the introduced parameter can be used as a measure of the strength of the correlation effect in practical applications.
Biodiversity of benthic diatom flora in the coastal zone of Puck Bay (southern Baltic Sea): a case study of the Hel Peninsula
Authors: Witak Małgorzata , Pędziński Jarosław , Oliwa Sandra , Hetko Dominika 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of the analysis of diatoms from surface sediments (stones, sands) and macroflora (seagrass, macroalgae) collected at 16 sampling sites located along the inner coastal zone of Puck Bay (southern Baltic Sea) along the Hel Peninsula. The main diatom species of epilithon, epipsammon and epiphyton were characterized with respect to their autecological preferences (habitat, salinity, trophic status, saprobity). Three groups of diatoms were distinguished with respect to the type of substrate based on the results of benthic flora analysis: diatoms (i) of one type of substrate, (ii) of two types and (iii) those occurring on all types of substrates. Moreover, the distribution of benthic diatom communities indicates ecological differences in the study area. Marine and brackish-water species were observed in large numbers in the coastal zone of the Outer Puck Bay, whereas freshwater flora occurred with a higher frequency in the coastal zone of the Puck Lagoon. The content of polysaprobionts and of α-mesosaprobionts indicates that the region of the Hel Tip is highly eutrophicated and very polluted. The coast in the vicinity of Kuznica is less polluted, whereas the best environmental conditions are found in the Jurata–Jastarnia region, as evidenced by the frequency of diatoms that are β-mesosaprobionts.
Processing of Hippocampal Network Activity in the Receiver Network of the Medial Entorhinal Cortex Layer V
Authors: Rozov Andrei , Rannap Märt , Lorenz Franziska , Nasretdinov Azat , Draguhn Andreas , Egorov Alexei V. 
Published: September 2020

The interplay between hippocampus and medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) is of key importance for forming spatial representations. Within the hippocampal–entorhinal loop, the hippocampus receives context-specific signals from layers II/III of the mEC and feeds memory-associated activity back into layer V (LV). The processing of this output signal within the mEC, however, is largely unknown. We characterized the activation of the receiving mEC network by evoked and naturally occurring output patterns in mouse hippocampal-entorhinal cortex slices. Both types of glutamatergic neurons (mEC LVa and LVb) as well as fast-spiking inhibitory interneurons receive direct excitatory input from the intermediate/ventral hippocampus. Connections between the two types of excitatory neurons are sparse, and local processing of hippocampal output signals within mEC LV is asymmetric, favoring excitation of far projecting LVa neurons over locally projecting LVb neurons. These findings suggest a new role for mEC LV as a bifurcation gate for feedforward (telencephalic) and feedback (entorhinal–hippocampal) signal propagation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPatterned network activity in hippocampal networks plays a key role in the formation and consolidation of spatial memories. It is, however, largely unclear how information is transferred to the neocortex for long-term engrams. Here, we elucidate the propagation of network activity from the hippocampus to the medial entorhinal cortex. We show that patterned output from the hippocampus reaches both major cell types of deep entorhinal layers. These cells are, however, only weakly connected, giving rise to two parallel streams of activity for local and remote signal propagation, respectively. The relative weight of both pathways is regulated by local inhibitory interneurons. Our data reveal important insights into the hippocampal–neocortical dialogue, which is of key importance for memory consolidation in the mammalian brain.