bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical filtration efficiency analysis of a polyaniline hybrid composite filter with graphite oxide for particulate matter 2.5
Authors: Park Charlotte , Johnston Anthonie S. , Kweon Hyukmin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParticulate matter (PM) 2.5 pollution is a prevalent environmental and public health issue that has raised serious global concerns. Because standard heating, ventilation, and air conditioning filters are incapable of filtering out PM 2.5 particles efficiently, different methods of PM 2.5 filtration, such as physical filtration and electrostatic filtration, are under investigation to develop a filter with a high filtration efficiency and a low pressure drop. According to various studies, pressure drop has a significant influence on the filtration efficiency. An equation for the theoretical trend was generated based on the composite data gathered from similar filtration studies and was used to evaluate the relationship between pressure drop and filtration efficiency. Here, the theoretical equation indicated that the filtration efficiency increased as the pressure drop on a filter increased until 0.01 psi where the efficiency remained near constant at approximately 99.9%. In this study, we introduce a graphite oxide (GO) and polyaniline (PANi) composite hybrid filter in order to create a low‐pressure (1.2 psi) drop filter. By adding GO flakes to the PANi matrix, we not only produced a highly permeable filter while allowing continuous gas flow, but also achieved a remarkable and highly effective PM 2.5 filter with a filtration efficiency of 99.7 ± 0.08%.
Generalized discrete autoregressive moving‐average models
Authors: Möller Tobias A. , Weiß Christian H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article proposes the generalized discrete autoregressive moving‐average (GDARMA) model as a parsimonious and universally applicable approach for stationary univariate or multivariate time series. The GDARMA model can be applied to any type of quantitative time series. It allows to compute moment properties in a unique way, and it exhibits the autocorrelation structure of the traditional ARMA model. This great flexibility is obtained by using data‐specific variation operators, which is illustrated for the most common types of time series data, such as counts, integers, reals, and compositional data. The practical potential of the GDARMA approach is demonstrated by considering a time series of integers regarding votes for a change of the interest rate, and a time series of compositional data regarding television market shares.
CCD UBV(RI)KC photometry of the open clusters Juchert 9 and Berkeley 97
Authors: Oralhan İnci Akkaya , Michel Raúl , Karsli Yonca , Çakmak Hikmet , Sung Hwankyung , Karataş Yüksel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe CCD UBV(RI)KC photometry of the poorly studied open clusters Juchert 9 (Juc 9) and Berkeley 97 (Be 97), which are observed with the 0.84 m telescope at the San Pedro Mártir National Observatory, México has been analyzed. For the likely cluster members, we determined the reddenings, E(B‐V) = 0.82 ± 0.04 (Juc 9) and E(B‐V) = 0.87 ± 0.05 (Be 97), from the early type stars. Our distance moduli/distances for only (B − V) color are (V0‐MV, d[kpc]) = (13.40 ± 0.10, 4.8 ± 0.2 kpc) (Juc 9) and (12.40 ± 0.12, 3.0 ± 0.2 kpc) (Be 97), respectively. The Gaia DR2 distances are d = 4.5 ± 1.2 kpc (Juc 9) and d = 3.1 ± 0.7 kpc (Be 97) from the median parallaxes with σϖ/ϖ < 0.20, which are in good agreement with the photometric distances within the uncertainties. The solar abundance PARSEC isochrones give us the intermediate ages, 30 ± 10 Myr for Juc 9 and 100 ± 30 Myr for Be 97.
Constraints Shape Cell Function and Morphology by Canalizing the Developmental Path along the Waddington's Landscape
Authors: Bizzarri Mariano , Giuliani Alessandro , Minini Mirko , Monti Noemi , Cucina Alessandra 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStudies performed in absence of gravitational constraint show that a living system is unable to choose between two different phenotypes, thus leading cells to segregate into different, alternative stable states. This finding demonstrates that the genotype does not determine by itself the phenotype but requires additional, physical constraints to finalize cell differentiation. Constraints belong to two classes: holonomic (independent of the system's dynamical states, as being established by the space‐time geometry of the field) and non‐holonomic (modified during those biological processes to which they contribute in shaping). This latter kind of “constraints”, in which dynamics works on the constraint to recreate them, have emerged as critical determinants of self‐organizing systems, by manifesting a “closure of constraints.” Overall, the constraints act by harnessing the “randomness” represented by the simultaneous presence of equiprobable events restraining the system within one attractor. These results cast doubt on the mainstream scientific concept and call for a better understanding of causation in cell biology.
Effective use of oral tofacitinib and phototherapy in a patient with concomitant alopecia areata, vitiligo, and plaque and inverse psoriasis
Authors: Tajalli Mahroo , Kabir Soodeh , Vance Terrence M. , Qureshi Abrar A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis case presentation suggests that tofacitinib combined with phototherapy may be an effective treatment option for patients with concomitant alopecia areata, vitiligo, and different phenotypes of psoriasis including plaque and inverse psoriasis.
A Thermodynamic Approach for Selection of Anodizing Electrolytes in Aluminium–Holmium System
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Mardare Cezarina Cela , Ionut Mardare Andrei , Hassel Achim Walter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Achim Walter Hassel from Johannes Kepler University Linz (Austria). The cover picture shows the strategy involved in electrolyte selection for anodizing the Al–Ho system, based on combinatorial library screening by using scanning droplet cell microscopy. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201901634.
Does it pay to be an honest entrepreneur? Addressing the relationship between sustainable development and bankruptcy risk
Authors: Pizzi Simone , Caputo Fabio , Venturelli Andrea 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFirms' financial stability represents one of the most important aspects for entrepreneurs. In recent years, the European Commission have started to provide new recommendations for the Member States in order to sustain the “honest entrepreneurs” in their activities through new specific regulations on firms' insolvency. Furthermore, the Member States have favored these processes through the introduction in their legal systems of new tools to sustain the voluntary adoption of more ethical business models. A typical example is represented by the Italian context where the regulator introduced a legality rating (LR) to reward entrepreneurs that voluntarily act ethically. In order to evaluate the effects connected to the LR voluntary adoption, we have analysed the relationship between its adoption and firms' Z‐Score through a panel data analysis on 296 firms during the period between 2012 and 2017. Our findings suggest that LR adopters have been characterized by a lower degree of bankruptcy risk.
Investigating the New Zealand policy response to methamphetamine‐contaminated houses
Authors: Sanchez Lozano Claudia Denisse , Wilkins Chris , Rychert Marta 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe contamination of houses from clandestine methamphetamine manufacture emerged as an issue in New Zealand in the early 2000s. This perspective reviews and discusses the series of policies developed to address methamphetamine contamination in New Zealand houses over a 15‐year period, ending with the reversal of the established policy approach in 2018. The policies addressing methamphetamine contamination of New Zealand properties were influenced by a range of sources including overseas scientific guidelines, local scientific reviews, public housing agency policies, and the local methamphetamine testing industry. A post‐remediation methamphetamine level of 0.5 μg/100 cm2 was initially implemented in 2010, leading to the termination of public housing tenancies, suspensions from the public housing list, and financial charges for decontamination on public housing tenants. Subsequent reviews of the policy led to some increase in the thresholds (up to 1.5–3.8 μg/100 cm2) and the adoption of less punitive sanction processes. A scientific review in 2018 recommended a substantial threshold increase to 15 μg/100 cm2 (a 30‐fold increase on the 2010 standard), resulting in HNZ initiating a plan to compensate previously sanctioned tenants. Overreliance on the “precautionary principle”; strict interpretation of scientific guidelines; and the public housing agency's “zero tolerance approach” to drug use, contributed to an overly punitive policy approach to methamphetamine contamination in New Zealand that negatively impacted vulnerable public housing tenants, landlords, and property owners. Investigation into the extent that all possible influences had on the development of the policies, as well as the consequences of their implementation, should be undertaken.
Removal of Cu(II) ions using bio‐adsorbents in fixed—Bed continuous bed mode—A comparative study and scale‐up design
Authors: Mitra Tania , Das Sudip Kumar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe study presents the removal of Cu(II) ions using bio‐adsorbents. The applicability of the continuous column process using hyacinth root, rice husk, blackberry leaves, and guava leaves is reported in this study. The effects of solution pH were studied in batch mode, and other different process parameters such as bed depth, rate of flow, influent solution concentration were investigated and optimized in the continuous mode. The breakthrough curves were obtained for various initial metal concentrations (10, 20, and 30 mg.L−1), flow rates (10, 30, and 40 ml.min−1), and bed height (4, 6, and 10 cm). The optimum operating conditions were 10 cm bed depth, 10 ml.min−1 flow rate, 10 mg.L−1 influent concentration, and pH 6. The breakthrough time was increased with increasing bed height and decreasing flow rate and influent concentration. The Freundlich isotherm model was in good agreement (R2 = .9247–.9987) with the batch experimental data whereas, the continuous experimental data fitted well in the Thomas model to illustrate the best performance of the fixed‐bed process. FTIR spectra and SEM images verify the sorption capacity of the adsorbents. The Cu(II) adsorption capacities of the adsorbents were compared, and the hyacinth root gives the best result compare to the others. Hence, the results proved the effectiveness of the adsorbents for the removal of Cu(II) ions.
Freeze‐dried, oven‐dried, and microencapsulation of essential oil from Allium sativum as potential preservative agents of minced meat
Authors: Najjaa Hanen , Chekki Raja , Elfalleh Walid , Tlili Hajer , Jaballah Sana , Bouzouita Nabiha 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe present study was conducted to compare the antibacterial activity of oven‐dried and freeze‐dried Allium sativum along with its spray‐dried microencapsulated essential oil in the preservation of minced beef meat. Allium sativum extracts were tested against mesophilic aerobic microorganisms, coagulase‐positive staphylococci, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and the sulfite‐reducing anaerobes. A difference between the chemical compositions of powders obtained by the conventional oven‐drying and freeze‐drying has been verified by HPLC‐MS2, freeze‐dried fresh garlic powder contains 74% of allicin, and 12% cysteine sulfoxides comparing to the oven‐drying garlic powder in which is detected two thiosulfinate isomers: allicin (67%) and allyl‐1‐propenyl thiosulfinate (21%). CIELAB color analysis was performed to assess the effect of drying temperature on powders. The microflora‐inhibiting effect of freeze‐dried fresh garlic and the spray‐dried microencapsulated essential oil at a concentration of 20% represents a promising way to be used in food systems such as meat and meat products preservation, at 4–8°C.
Communication and understanding of mild cognitive impairment diagnoses
Authors: Dooley Jemima , Bailey Cate , Xanthopoulou Penny , Bass Nick , McCabe Rose 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCommunication of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnoses is challenging due to its heterogeneity and unclear prognosis.AimTo identify how MCI is communicated and to explore the relationship with patient and companion understanding.MethodConversation analysis identified whether MCI was named and explained in 43 video recorded diagnosis feedback meetings. Afterward, patients and companions were asked to name the diagnosis to assess understanding.ResultsMild cognitive impairment was not named in 21% meetings. Symptoms were explained as (a) a result of vascular conditions (49%), (b) a stage between normal ageing and dementia (30%), or (c) caused by psychological factors (21%). Fifty‐four percentage of prognosis discussions included mention of dementia. There was no association between symptom explanations and whether prognosis discussions included dementia. Fifty‐seven percentage patients and 37% companions reported not having or not knowing their diagnosis after the meeting. They were more likely to report MCI when prognosis discussions included dementia.ConclusionsDoctors offer three different explanations of MCI to patients. The increased risk of dementia was not discussed in half the diagnostic feedback meetings. This is likely to reflect the heterogeneity in the definition, cause and likely prognosis of MCI presentations. Clearer and more consistent communication, particularly about the increased risk of dementia, may increase patient understanding and enable lifestyle changes to prevent some people progressing to dementia.
Enhancing breast pectoral muscle segmentation performance by using skip connections in fully convolutional network
Authors: Ali Muhammad Junaid , Raza Basit , Shahid Ahmad Raza , Mahmood Fahad , Yousuf Muhammad Adil , Dar Amir Hanif , Iqbal Uzair 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe precise detection and segmentation of pectoral muscle areas in mediolateral oblique (MLO) views is an essential step in the development of a computer‐aided diagnosis system to access breast malignant lesions or parenchyma. The goal of this article is to develop a robust and fully automatic algorithm for pectoral muscle segmentation from mammography images. This paper presents an image enhancement approach that improves the quality of mammogram scans and a convolutional neural network‐based fully convolutional network architecture enhanced with residual connections for automatic segmentation of the pectoral muscle from the MLO views of a digital mammogram. For this purpose, the model is tested and trained on three different mammogram datasets named MIAS, INBREAST, and DDSM. The ground truth labels of the pectoral muscle were identified under the supervision of experienced radiologists. For training and testing, 10‐fold cross‐validation was used. The proposed model was compared with baseline U‐Net‐based architecture. Finally, we used a postprocessing step to find the actual boundary of the pectoral muscle. Our presented architecture generated a mean Intersection over Union (IoU) of 97%, dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 96% and 98% accuracy on testing data. The proposed architecture for pectoral muscle segmentation from the MLO views of mammogram images with high accuracy and dice score can be quickly merged with the breast tumor segmentation problem.
Synthesis and fluorescent properties of some Furan‐tagged Thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines and Thieno[2,3‐d:4,5‐d']dipyrimidines
Authors: Abdel Hamid Atef M. , Hamed Eman O. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntermolecular cyclization of pyrimidinethiol 1 with ethyl chloroacetate and chloroacetonitrile furnished thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidines 2a,b. Hydrazinolysis of o‐aminoester 2a gave acid hydrazide 3, which was cyclized with various electrophilic reagents including formic acid, triethyl orthoformate, acetic anhydride, p‐chlorobenzaldehyde then triethyl orthoformate, carbon disulfide, and acetylacetone affording thienopyrimidine derivatives 4 to 10. Another thienopyrimidine series could be obtained via treatment of o‐aminocarbonitrile 2b with a variety of reagents giving derivatives 11 to 17. The fluorescent measurements for a group of the synthesized compounds at room temperature demonstrated high fluorescent properties.
Emotional Processing of Imaginal Exposures Predicts Symptom Improvement: Therapist Ratings Can Assess Trajectory in Prolonged Exposure for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Cox Keith S. , Wangelin Bethany C. , Keller Stephanie M. , Lozano Brian E. , Murphy Mark M. , Maher Edward K. , Cobb Adam R. , Tuerk Peter W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractResearch on mechanisms of change in prolonged exposure therapy (PE), an evidence‐based treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is ongoing. Two putative mechanisms of change are engagement during imaginal exposure and trauma‐related belief change. The PE Therapist Questionnaire (PETQ), a novel measure based on the emotional processing theory underlying PE, was developed as a practical tool for therapists to use to assess (a) patient engagement during imaginal exposures and (b) perspective shifts during postimaginal processing. Patients (N = 151) at a U.S. Veterans Affairs medical center PTSD specialty clinic completed self‐report measures of PTSD and depression symptoms prior to sessions. Study therapists (n = 17) completed the PETQ postsession. Rational construction and psychometric analyses suggested a two‐component solution for the PETQ: imaginal and processing. The imaginal factor did not relate to PTSD and depression symptoms. The processing factor correlated with current and next‐session PTSD and depression symptoms, with medium effect sizes, rs = −.41 to −.45, ps < .001. Controlling for current‐session PTSD and depression, a higher level of processing predicted lower next‐session PTSD severity, with a small effect size, β = −.38, p < .04. Postexposure emotional processing, which supports positive changes in maladaptive trauma‐related beliefs and tolerance of emotional distress, predicted future symptom improvement, highlighting the importance of processing components in PE. Further, the use of therapist observations may offer ancillary methods less influenced by correlation of within‐patient subjective ratings and concomitant risk of construct overlap in mechanisms research.
A Cerberus‐Inspired Anti‐Infective Multicomponent Gatekeeper Hydrogel against Infections with the Emerging “Superbug” Yeast Candida auris
Authors: Kubiczek Dennis , Flaig Carolin , Raber Heinz , Dietz Steffen , Kissmann Ann‐Kathrin , Heerde Thomas , Bodenberger Nicholas , Wittgens Andreas , González‐Garcia Melaine , Kang Fan , Franco Octavio L. , Staendker Ludger , Otero‐González Anselmo J. , Walther Paul , Gottschalk Kay E. , Weil Tanja , Rosenau Frank 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe pathogenic yeast Candida auris has received increasing attention due to its ability to cause fatal infections, its resistance toward important fungicides, and its ability to persist on surfaces including medical devices in hospitals. To brace health care systems for this considerable risk, alternative therapeutic approaches such as antifungal peptides are urgently needed. In clinical wound care, a significant focus has been directed toward novel surgical (wound) dressings as first defense lines against C. auris. Inspired by Cerberus the Greek mythological “hound of Hades” that prevents the living from entering and the dead from leaving hell, the preparation of a gatekeeper hybrid hydrogel is reported featuring lectin‐mediated high‐affinity immobilization of C. auris cells from a collagen gel as a model substratum in combination with a release of an antifungal peptide drug to kill the trapped cells. The vision is an efficient and safe two‐layer medical composite hydrogel for the treatment of severe wound infections that typically occur in hospitals. Providing this new armament to the repertoire of possibilities for wound care in critical (intensive care) units may open new routes to shield and defend patients from infections and clinical facilities from spreading and invasion of C. auris and probably other fungal pathogens.
A continuation principle for Fredholm maps I: theory and basics
Authors: Pötzsche Christian , Skiba Robert 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe prove an abstract and flexible continuation theorem for zeros of parametrized Fredholm maps between Banach spaces. It guarantees not only the existence of zeros to corresponding equations, but also that they form a continuum for parameters from a connected manifold. Our basic tools are transfer maps and a specific topological degree. The main result is tailor‐made to solve boundary value problems over infinite time‐intervals and for the (global) continuation of homoclinic solutions.
Exchange rate (USD/INR) pass‐through and wholesale price index: A flexible least square approach
Authors: Vadivel Arjunan , Veeramani Sivalingam , Raghutla Chandrashekar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe paper explores the exchange rate (USD/INR) pass‐through and the wholesale price index in India. Exchange rate pass‐through (ERPT) has a stimulated effect on the wholesale prices over the period of time. We use flexible least square approach to estimate time varying approach of ERPT and wholesale price, monthly data for the period from April 1994 to May 2019, find exchange rate over the period of time as well as change the wholesale price. It implies that the ERPT provides heterogeneity information that change the whole price index, even both export/import goods and services play a vital role in fluctuating on exchange rate and also change whole price in the domestic market.
Off‐label use of prescription analgesics among hospitalized children in the United States
Authors: Carmack Mary , Berde Charles , Monuteaux Michael C. , Manzi Shannon , Bourgeois Florence T. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeAnalgesics are the most frequently administered medications among hospitalized children. However, current analgesic prescribing patterns have not been well defined among hospitalized children. In addition, it is unknown what proportion of prescription analgesics is approved for use in children and what proportion is used “off‐label.”MethodsNationally representative data from 52 tertiary care children's hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System were queried to determine prescribing rates of analgesic medications. We analyzed hospitalizations for children <18 years occurring between 1 April 2010 and 30 June 2018. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug labels were reviewed for pediatric information, and prescriptions were classified as on‐ or off‐label based on age, route, and formulation.ResultsAmong 4.9 million hospitalizations, 1.8 million (37.6%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 37.6‐37.7) were associated with use of a prescription analgesic. Overall, 36.7% (95% CI = 36.7‐36.7) of hospitalizations included off‐label analgesic therapy, with 26.4% (95% CI = 26.4‐26.5) associated with two or more off‐label analgesics. Off‐label analgesic use was higher among hospitalizations in the intensive care unit (61.5%) or with an operating room procedure (92.8%). Rates of off‐label prescribing increased with age, peaking at 50.5% for adolescents. Prescription analgesics administered most frequently were morphine, fentanyl, and ketorolac, with off‐label use occurring in 24.5%, 23.1%, and 11.3% of hospitalizations, respectively.ConclusionsOver a third of pediatric hospitalizations were associated with the administration of prescription analgesics that have not been labeled for use in children. Our findings highlight the critical need to ensure that safe and effective analgesics are developed for children and that pediatric labeling is expanded for existing analgesics to inform treatment decisions.