bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forest complex in the system of economic security of the Russian Federation
Authors: Pozdeev V L , Azarskaya M A , Mironova O A , Hanafeev F F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Forests are an important component of the economic development of the state and people’s livelihoods. They provide not only the needs of the economy for timber, food, but also perform important environmental functions related to the purification of water and air, soil formation, etc. At the same time, in many regions of the world, forest conditions are deteriorating, which determines negative socio-economic and environmental results, which violates the principles of sustainable forest management. The term “sustainable forest management” came into use in 1993, but questions still arise about how to put this concept into practice? The authors of the article concluded that the safety of socio-economic and environmental processes should become a prerequisite for sustainable development. It is economic security with the identification of threats and their further neutralization that can lead the forest industries to the path of sustainable development. Within the framework of expert assessments of the authors and analysis of domestic and foreign literature, four components of the economic security of the forest complex of the Russian Federation were identified: entrepreneurial, food, environmental and foreign economic. Threats to the economic security of the forest complex were characterized. The results of the study show the relationship between the components of economic security and the criteria for sustainable development of management. Meeting the criteria will contribute to the safe development of the forest complex of the Russian Federation.
Innovative approach to the assessment of moisture content of forest areas within the framework of the fundamental multi-layered concept
Authors: Kamalova N S , Evsikova N Yu , Saushkin V V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Modern methods of assessing the state of forests are verbal (descriptive). They are usually based on the assessment of environmental factors (air and soil pollution, meteorological data, etc.). The models are deterministic or probabilistic in nature (sometimes the combination of these approaches is observed). Forests are multi-tiered complex systems. The study of such complex systems is poorly designed and fragmentary at the moment. The simulation does not have a serious fundamental concept. The reasons are due to the lack of experimental methods for measuring the main characteristics of the state of forests with controlled accuracy. The fundamental concept of multi-layered representation of forests is justified in the article. The concept enables to develop a formalized model for assessing the relative moisture content in each layer at any time. The current state parameters have a transparent physical meaning. The concept takes into account the impact of the object of such natural factors as rainfall and evaporation rate on the state of the object. The potential difference measured along the radius of the tree trunks with changes in ambient temperature can be an indicator of the moisture content of tree trunks.
Comparative studies of physical models of soil implemented by the method of discrete elements (DEM) on the example of a simple loosening tillage tool
Authors: Bartenev I M , Lysych M N , Shabanov M L , Bukhtoyarov L D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A brief review of the methods used to simulate the interaction of soil-tillage tool is given. The EDEM Academic program was used to practically test the possibilities of using the discrete element method (DEM). A brief description of the physical models of this application used to simulate the interaction of the soil-tillage tool is given. To evaluate the selected physical models (Hertz-Mindlin, Hertz-Mindlin JKR, Hysteretic Spring), a virtual soil channel and a model of a simple tillage tool of rectangular shape have been created. The basic parameters of the soil channel, discrete particles and physical models are described. As a result of the research, two components of the traction resistance vector were obtained, the longitudinal component X and the vertical component Z. Data analysis showed that the average values of forces calculated using physical models of Hysteretic Spring and Hertz-Mindlin JKR differ slightly. With a particle radius of 10 mm, they are equal to X – 597 and 592H; Z – 111 and 97H, respectively. More significant differences when comparing these models with the base model Hertz-Mindlin. For example, in comparison with the physical model of the Hysteretic Spring, the component forces X and Z are less than 18.1%. This is due to the introduction of additional forces imitating the adhesion of particles.
Forest fire-fighting soil-thrower: improving the efficiency of the work processes
Authors: Drapalyuk M V , Popikov P I , Stupnikov D S , Malyukov S V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The analysis of the work processes of technical equipment used for forest fire control and preventive activities has revealed that they do not meet the requirements of the process flows. The aim of the work was to increase the efficiency of the work processes of new forest fire-fighting soil-thrower by optimizing the parameters of the milling thrower. The optimization task has been to search for the values of the length and width of the milling thrower blades. These values should provide the highest productivity and smallest supplied power with the average range of soil displacement. Based on the optimization results, the optimal blade length of the milling thrower was revealed in the range of 200-230 mm, and the width of the blade was 150-220 mm. With optimal parameters of the working body, a fire-fighting machine throws soil into the fire zone at a distance of up to 21 m. It consumes no more than 38 kW of power, and its productivity is 0.22 m3/s on the average.
Snow-regulating role of forest belts depending on the field area
Authors: Vavin V S , Popov A V , Syromyatnikov V Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article analyzes the five-year experience of observing the distribution of snow cover and moisture accumulation in snow. It has been made in the system of protective forest belts with different field areas. The studies have been conducted on the basis of the Stone-Steppe oasis. A brief description of climatic conditions, ameliorative role of protective plantings is given. It is noted that the height of snow cover is different in various field areas. At the same time the amount of moisture in snow does not change, which indicates different density. It is established that the larger the area of the field, the higher the density of snow. In spring, the highest moisture content is observed in the forest belts themselves and in the zones adjacent to them on both sides, where the snow trails were located. The length of the zone with increased moisture reserves in spring coincides with the length of the trails. It has been noted that the greatest effect of forest shelter belts was obtained in fields of 90–95 hectares. Such a system of forest belts occupies a smaller area of arable land, without reducing the protective effectiveness of plantations.
Plants as objects of civil law
Authors: Epifanova T V , Romanenko N G , Shatkovskaya T V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article contains the results of the scientific study about plants as a legal object. The basis of the work is the hypothesis that plants belong to the objects of wildlife, because there are metabolism and other biological processes in them. In this regard, it is unacceptable to identify plants with animate nature objects, as only a “living organism” is capable to transmit and replicate genetic material, including genetic material obtained by modern biotechnology. The result of rethinking traditional approaches to the concept of an object is a set of new legal techniques. These techniques, according to the authors, allow to determine the location of live objects in the system of civil rights objects and to develop a classification to optimize legal regulation on the basis of a new methodological approach. Authors propose ways to improve legal regulation of relations in which various types of plants are concerned as legal objects, to give recommendations on the use of plants in civil law, taking into account the proposed classification.
Application of the Finite Difference Method for Modelling Wave Propagation in a Gaseous Medium
Authors: Mondrus Vladimir , Sizov Dmitrii 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article contains a solution to the problem of wave propagation in a closed bounded region of the gaseous medium from two linear sources located along the walls of the considered region. To solve the problem, the finite-difference method is used in two simplest modifications: the Euler method and the predictor-corrector method. The boundary of the area is reflective. As a result, the iso-pole potential functions were obtained at different points in time.
Verification Analysis of the Degradation of Frequency Parameters Under the Action of Seismic Load
Authors: Andreev Mikhail , Sidorov Dmitriy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the results of a numerical study of the effect of local damage to bearing structures on the degradation of frequency parameters during seismic effects. The studies were carried out in the LS-DYNA software package which implemented the nonlinear concrete model — Continuous Surface Cap Model (CSCM). Design models of a building are modelled both with regard to direct reinforcement using volumetric FE (finite elements) and flat FE. The object of modelling is a 3-storey building of cellular framing. The analysis of the results of the conducted studies suggests that the effect of degradation of natural vibration frequencies cannot be estimated in the building modelled by means of bar FE. The degradation is insignificant; the frequency reduction occurs within the limits of errors. At the moment, it is not possible to identify the effect of degradation in the bar model in this formulation. To do this, it is necessary to conduct additional researches, including those with other models of materials. Taking into account certain assumptions, the LS-DYNA software package allows computational studies of the effect of local damage to bearing structures on dynamic characteristics, including those resulting from an earthquake.
Lame Generalized Problem for Viscoelastic Materials
Authors: Erokhin Sergey Vladimirovich , Semenov Sergey Viktorovich 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Article presents the Lame generalized problem of the thick-walled pipe deformation when the pipe material has viscoelastic properties. The model was calculated using fractional numerical methods. The results obtained are well compatible with the classic solution.
Formulation of a Method for Assessment of Fatigue Life, Formation and Propagation of Cracks
Authors: Saiyan Sergey , Paushkin Alexander 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An engineering method for assessing fatigue life, taking into account the accumulation of damage and allows determining the trajectory of the fatigue crack. The calculation is performed by successive approximations based on the ANSYS Mechanical APDL software package in both linear and nonlinear installations. Stages of calculation of fatigue, cracking and fatigue failure of the structure alternate.
Modelling of the Effect of Piece-Wise Potential Volume Forces in the Photo-Elasticity Method
Authors: Agakhanov Elifkhan , Agakhanov Murad , Khusseinov Marat 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The authors note a special feature complicating the direct modelling process in the photo-elasticity method (using the models made from widely-used epoxy materials) with volume forces even of the simplest kind (mass forces). This problem is more complicated than the problems with constant parameters ν, E, γ, α in the whole body. The authors give some additional relationships between the similarity factors, the use of which may create some restrictions and difficulties in the process of modelling non-uniform problems through traditional methods. The authors use the theoretical principles of mechanics of deformable rigid bodies and show that the solution of the problem in case, when the volume forces in different domains of the body have different potential values, may be reduced to the solutions of the problems with potential volume forces and to the solution of the problem with given stress values. The authors have developed both methodology and engineering questions of modelling piece-wise potential volume forces using the equivalence of effects. They note that the methods of solution of the problems with the loadings substituting the volume forces have been developed in full and give efficient results.
Energy Absorption of Reinforced Concrete Constructions with Nonlinear Dynamic Deformation
Authors: Berlinov Mikhail , Berlinova Marina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A method is proposed for taking into account the specific features of the energy absorption of reinforced concrete constructions under dynamic loads under non-linear deformation conditions based on the application of the finite element method. Based on the consideration of the triaxial problem, the inconstancy of the energy absorption coefficient throughout the entire volume of the deformable body was revealed. It is shown that the hysteresis energy absorption depends on the level of the stress state and is determined by the deformation properties of materials. The solution of the problem is proposed to be obtained using an iterative process based on the method of integral estimates. Considering that the amount of energy absorbed by the structure depends on the level of the stress state, it becomes possible to control the process of energy absorption by changing the stress-strain state possible by varying the design, fixing conditions, changing reinforcement or any other constructive measures.
Instability of a Square Sheet of Rubberlike Material under Symmetric Biaxial Stretching
Authors: Jemiolo Stanislaw 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to analyse the stability of the solution of the biaxial stretching test, in the case of Ishihara-Zahorski’s constitutive model of rubber-like material. Two solutions were obtained, the symmetric and asymmetric one. It was shown that the asymmetric solution is possible for significant forces and this solution is always stable. However, the symmetric solution is stable only for relatively small principal stretches. It is worth emphasizing that the stored energy function of the considered model is polyconvex.
Eigen problem Sensitivity Analysis of Continuous Parametric Periodic Systems
Authors: Wojcicki Zbigniew 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper concerns sensitivity analysis of the complex eigensolutions of monodromy matrix (Floquet transient matrix) for continuous parametric periodic systems. The first and the second derivatives of monodromy matrix and its multipliers which are the complex eigenvalues of monodromy matrix have been calculated. The method’s innovation is the idea to achieve the sensitivity equation by evaluating the derivative of the parametric equation of motion. Then, by solving the sensitivity equation obtained in this way, to evaluate the first and second derivative of monodromy matrix and finally the first and second derivatives of multipliers. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis method was improved and generalized to allow to correctly determine the eigenderivatives also with respect to those system parameters, on which the parametric excitation period depends. In particular, it becomes possible to use the parametric excitation period as a design parameter.
Problem of Calculating Strength of Beams of Corrosion-Resistant Cross-section during Bending with Constrained Torsion
Authors: Soloviev Alexey , Khamidullina Nailya 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Corrosion damage to steel in beam structures is one of the reasons for the loss of their performance and reduced durability. Acceleration of corrosion processes can be the accumulation of dust on the horizontal elements of the structure, especially in the case of wetting. In addition to corrosive damage, the load applied to the beam structures can act with eccentricity. The displacement of the load leads to the development of additional stresses from the constrained torsion. Consideration of changes in the geometric characteristics of the beam cross section because of corrosion, especially in the presence of constrained torsion, is necessary when calculating and designing such structures. In this paper, we analyzed the changes in the geometric parameters of the beam as a result of corrosion of the lower flange, investigated the beam of corrosion-resistant section from sheets and pipes, proposed a method for calculating the flexural-torsional characteristic, developed a method for determining the stress under constrained torsion to check the section strength.
Effect of Main Cable Pre-Tensioning on Stress – Strain Behaviour and Dynamic Response of Hybrid Cross-Tie System
Authors: Konovalov Anatolij , Pustovalova Marina , Selivanov Yevgenij 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The authors have addressed the change of main cable tensioning force as the means of suspension bridge stiffness control. An ANSYS 3D model of a suspension bridge was developed. The dead load stress-strain behaviour and dynamic response of the model were analyzed. The study has shown that 7.5 fold increase of the main cable pre-tensioning force reduced the displacement in the middle of the central span of the stiffening girder by 40%, while in the middle of the end span, a 9% increase in displacement was observed; and displacement of the tower apex reduced by 28%. Modal analysis has shown that the main cable pre-tensioning force in the 3D model had effect neither on the natural vibration frequency spectrum of the structure, nor on the distribution of the principal modes in the spectrum. With a 7.5 fold increase of the main cable pre-tensioning force, the values of natural fundamental frequencies have changed within 2% range. The results obtained by the authors allow for the conclusion that varying the pre-tensioning force of the main cable has little effect on a suspension bridge dynamic response control. At the same time, pre-tensioning of the main cable allows control over the stiffness of the hybrid cross-tie system.
Progressive Non-Destructive Digital Methods in the Research of Small Sacral Architecture in Czech and Slovak Republic
Authors: Grunova Zuzana , Pisca Peter 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Historical architecture is without doubt a valuable part of cultural heritage. Various methods, predominantly non-destructive and progressive should be used to analyse, document, monitor, maintain and to prepare any remediation activities. 3D models as an output of photogrammetry are one of these. Paper deals with analysis and comparison of the two, visually similar small chapels in two different countries. Authorship of each is verifiably documented and belong to different well-known architects – in the first case - chapel at Svatý Hostýn, Czech Republic – it is Dušan Samuel Jurkovič and in the second case, Chrasť, Žilina, Slovak Republic it is František Bednárik (Bednařík). Digital model compares and confirms almost identical volume and measurements of the details of the architecturally designed part of the mentioned small sacral buildings.
Settlement and Bearing Capacity of the Pile in A Three-Layer Base Taking into Account the Elastic-Visco-Plastic Properties of Soils
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Zaven , Ter-Martirosyan Armen , Sidorov Vitalii 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the formulation and analytical solution of the problem of determining the settlement and bearing capacity of an incompressible pile in a three-layer soil base, taking into account the elastic and elastic-visco-plastic properties of surrounding and underlying soils. It is shown that the force applied to the pile head is distributed and redistributed between the lateral surface of the shell of pile and its tip in time, and that the stress under the tip of the pile increases in time and may approach the critical load. Formulas for determining the settlement and bearing capacity of the pile in time are obtained depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the surrounding and underlying soils, the length and diameter of the pile by the analytical method.
Development of Organizational and Technological Measures to Improve the Quality of Preparation of Project Documentation Section on the Example of a Construction Arrangement Design
Authors: Kuzmina Nadezhda Tatiana , Laletina Nina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article has developed organizational and technological measures to improve the quality of project planning during design. Comments issued during the state examination of the project documentation for the construction arrangement design section (30 objects) were systematized; the most repeated comments were identified. The sample was made according to certain criteria with the highest relative frequency. The dependence of comments on groups (15 groups are highlighted) and types (the reason of comments) was determined. The authors proposed the “Regulations for the development of the construction arrangement design section”. After use of the “Regulations for the development of the construction arrangement design section”, the quality of the construction arrangement design section development by the design organization improved on average by 50%.
Particle Capture in Porous Medium
Authors: Kuzmina Liudmila , Osipov Yuri 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Filtration problems in porous media are important for studying the movement of groundwater in porous formations and the spreading of liquid concrete injected into porous soil. Deep bed filtration of a monodisperse suspension in a homogeneous porous medium with two simultaneously acting particle capture mechanisms is considered. A mathematical model of suspension flow through porous medium with pore blocking by size-exclusion and arched bridging is developed. Exact solutions are obtained on the concentration front and at the porous medium inlet. For the linear filtration function, exact and asymptotic solutions are constructed.
Performance of aerobic and anaerobic landfill bioreactor for municipal solid waste treatment in Jatibarang landfill, Semarang
Authors: Budihardjo M A , Rizaldianto A R , Muhammad F I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An investigation on the use of landfill bioreactors was conducted to elaborate an alternative solution on the municipal solid waste management in Jatibarang Landfill, Semarang. In addition, this study is also trying to develop a prevention on leachate and greenhouse gases pollution which are potentially emits from a landfilling process. There are six landfill bioreactors that were constructed for this study, which consist of two anaerobic bioreactors (R1 and R2) and two aerobic bioreactors (R3 and R4). Leachate recirculation was applied on R1 and R2 since the leachate production began while R3 and R4 was given air injection with 2 l/min flow rate. R1 and R2 maintained its thermophilic phase longer and generated more methane gases than aerobic bioreactors. Meanwhile, both aerobic bioreactors reached the thermophilic phase on day-7, faster than the anaerobic bioreactors.