bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring predictors of first appointment attendance at a pain management service
Authors: Monastra Mattia , White Susie , Simpson Jane 
Published: March 2020

Background: Individual characteristics such as gender, employment and age have been shown to predict attendance at pain management services (PMS). The characteristics of those who drop out of pain management programmes have also been explored, but as yet no studies have analysed the characteristics of those who do not attend the service following referral. Purpose: To explore the characteristics and predictors of those who attend and those who do not attend their first appointment with a PMS. Method: Predictive factors in the two groups – attenders ( n = 425) and non-attenders ( n = 69) – were explored using logistic regression. Results: Non-attendance was significantly predicted by the patient being a smoker and the appointment being in the morning. Non-attenders also scored higher on the Modified Somatic Perception Questionnaire, indicating higher levels of somatic pain. Discussion: Predictors of non-attendance were different from those for individuals who drop out of pain services. Implications and recommendations are made for PMS.
Bilateral Symmetry, Sex Differences, and Primary Shape Factors in Ankle and Hindfoot Bone Morphology
Authors: Gabrielli Alexandra S. , Gale Tom , Hogan MaCalus , Anderst William 
Published: March 2020

Background: Ankle injuries and joint degeneration may be related to ankle bone morphology. Little data exist to characterize healthy hindfoot bone morphology. The purpose of this study was to characterize side-to-side symmetry and sex differences in ankle and hindfoot bone morphology, and to identify the primary shape factors that differentiate ankle and hindfoot bone morphology among individuals. Methods: Computed tomography was used to create 3D surface models of the distal tibia, talus, and calcaneus for 40 ankle and hindfoot bones from 20 healthy individuals. Morphologic differences between left and right bones of the same individual and between males and females were determined. Statistical shape modeling was performed to identify primary shape variations among individuals. Results: Side-to-side differences in bone morphology averaged 0.79 mm or less. The average distal tibia in males was larger overall than in females. No significant sex difference was noted in the tali. The average female calcaneus was longer and thinner than the average male calcaneus. Variability in ankle and hindfoot bone morphology is primarily associated with articulating surface shape, overall length and width, and tendon/ligament attachment points. Conclusion: In general, the contralateral ankle can serve as an accurate guide for operative restoration of native ankle morphology; however, specific regions demonstrate higher asymmetry. Clinical Relevance: Knowledge of regions of high and low bilateral symmetry can improve hindfoot and ankle reconstruction. Design of ankle prostheses can be improved by accounting for differences in bone morphology associated with sex and shape differences among individuals.
Could Suicide Be Fostered Through the Potential Antidepressant Mechanism of Biological Agents? A Psychodermatological Approach to Existing Bibliography
Authors: Malatesta Estela María , Sánchez del Río María Andrea 
Published: March 2020

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a biological condition that affects between 2% and 5% of the population. Despite this, it is often underdiagnosed as unipolar depression, which increases the possibility of prescribing errors. This could foster episodes of inverse polarity (“switching”) which, in turn, raises the risk of suicide. Objective: This work reviews the existing literature for evidence that while biological agents could improve the mood of patients with psoriasis treated with these drugs, this same favorable antidepressant effect on humor may trigger a switch into mania, favoring attempted and completed suicide in undiagnosed bipolar patients treated for psoriasis with the abovementioned agents. Method: A systematic review of the literature was performed for evidence. Based on their titles and abstracts, 48 relevant articles from 18 countries in English, Spanish, and French from 2004 to 2019 were selected for this review. Results: Inherently, all antidepressants can be associated with treatment-emergent affective switch (TEAS). Biological agents may modify the neurotransmitter levels either improving or worsening the mood. A plausible hypothesis arises on the double-edged nature of biological agents: they would have an antidepressant effect that would be beneficial to treat the psychiatric comorbidity of the patient with psoriasis. However, this same antidepressant effect, in a patient with genetic vulnerability for depression with a concomitant inflammatory disease, could trigger a mood alteration. Conclusion: Both BD and psoriasis should be considered as a multisystem entity with a common physiopathology. Consequently, it is vital to emphasize the importance of the initial psychiatric evaluation.
Population structure of five native sheep breeds of Sweden estimated with high density SNP genotypes
Authors: Rochus Christina Marie , Jonas Elisabeth , Johansson Anna M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Native Swedish sheep breeds are part of the North European short-tailed sheep group; characterized in part by their genetic uniqueness. Our objective was to study the population structure of native Swedish sheep. Five breeds were genotyped using the 600 K SNP array. Dalapäls and Klövsjö sheep are from the middle of Sweden; Gotland and Gute sheep from Gotland, an island in the Baltic Sea; and Fjällnäs sheep from northern Sweden. We studied population structure by: principal component analysis (PCA), cluster-based analysis of admixture, and an estimated population tree.

Results
The analyses of the five Swedish breeds revealed that these breeds are five distinct breeds, while Gute and Gotland are more closely related to each other as seen in all analyses. All breeds had long branch lengths in the population tree indicating they’ve been subjected to drift. We repeated our analyses using 39 K SNP and including 50 K SNP genotypes from other European and southwestern Asian breeds from the Sheep HapMap project and 600 K SNP genotypes from a dataset of French sheep. Results arranged breeds into five groups: south-west Asia, south-west Europe, central Europe, north Europe and north European short-tailed sheep. Within this last group, Norwegian and Icelandic breeds, Finn and Romanov sheep, Scottish breeds, and Gute and Gotland sheep were more closely related while the remaining Swedish breeds and Ouessant sheep were distinct from all breeds and had longer branches in the population tree.

Conclusions
We showed population structure of five Swedish breeds and their structure within European and southwestern Asian breeds. Swedish breeds are unique, distinct breeds that have been subjected to drift but group with other north European short-tailed sheep.
Genome-wide identification of Diacylglycerol Acyltransferases (DGAT) family genes influencing Milk production in Buffalo
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Wang Zhiquan , Li Jun , Li Hui , Yang Liguo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGAT) are a vital group of enzymes in catalyzing triacylglycerol biosynthesis. DGAT genes like DGAT1 and DGAT2, have been identified as two functional candidate genes affecting milk production traits, especially for fat content in milk. Buffalo milk is famous for its excellent quality, which is rich in fat and protein content. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize DGAT family genes in buffalo and to find candidate markers or DGAT genes influencing lactation performance.

Results
We performed a genome-wide study and identified eight DGAT genes in buffalo. All the DGAT genes classified into two distinct clades (DGAT1 and DGAT2 subfamily) based on their phylogenetic relationships and structural features. Chromosome localization displayed eight buffalo DGAT genes distributed on five chromosomes. Collinearity analysis revealed that the DGAT family genes were extensive homologous between buffalo and cattle. Afterward, we discovered genetic variants loci within the genomic regions that DGAT genes located in buffalo. Seven haplotype blocks were constructed and were associated with buffalo milk production traits. Single marker association analyses revealed four most significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mainly affecting milk protein percentage or milk fat yield in buffalo. Genes functional analysis indicated that these DGAT family genes could influence lactation performance in the mammal through regulating lipid metabolism.

Conclusion
In the present study, we performed a comprehensive analysis for the DGAT family genes in buffalo, which including identification, structural characterization, phylogenetic classification, chromosomal distribution, collinearity analysis, association analysis, and functional analysis. These findings provide useful information for an in-depth study to determine the role of DGAT family gens play in the regulation of milk production and milk quality improvement in buffalo.
iREAD: a tool for intron retention detection from RNA-seq data
Authors: Li Hong-Dong , Funk Cory C. , Price Nathan D. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Intron retention (IR) has been traditionally overlooked as ‘noise’ and received negligible attention in the field of gene expression analysis. In recent years, IR has become an emerging field for interrogating transcriptomes because it has been recognized to carry out important biological functions such as gene expression regulation and it has been found to be associated with complex diseases such as cancers. However, methods for detecting IR today are limited. Thus, there is a need to develop novel methods to improve IR detection.

Results
Here we present iREAD (intron REtention Analysis and Detector), a tool to detect IR events genome-wide from high-throughput RNA-seq data. The command line interface for iREAD is implemented in Python. iREAD takes as input a BAM file, representing the transcriptome, and a text file containing the intron coordinates of a genome. It then 1) counts all reads that overlap intron regions, 2) detects IR events by analyzing the features of reads such as depth and distribution patterns, and 3) outputs a list of retained introns into a tab-delimited text file. iREAD provides significant added value in detecting IR compared with output from IRFinder with a higher AUC on all datasets tested. Both methods showed low false positive rates and high false negative rates in different regimes, indicating that use together is generally beneficial. The output from iREAD can be directly used for further exploratory analysis such as differential intron expression and functional enrichment. The software is freely available at https://github.com/genemine/iread.

Conclusion
Being complementary to existing tools, iREAD provides a new and generic tool to interrogate poly-A enriched transcriptomic data of intron regions. Intron retention analysis provides a complementary approach for understanding transcriptome.
Effects of fenclorim on rice physiology, gene transcription and pretilachlor detoxification ability
Authors: Hu Lifeng , Yao Ying , Cai Ruwen , Pan Lang , Liu Kailin , Bai Lianyang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Fenclorim (Fen) can effectively protect rice from pretilachlor (Pre) injury, but its effects on rice have not been formally evaluated; thus, the Fen mode of action for alleviating the phytotoxicity caused by Pre in rice is not clear. This study aimed to examine the biochemical and physiological effects of Fen on rice and to determine the changes induced by Fen at the transcriptome level.

Result
The chlorophyll content of rice plants was significantly affected by Pre but not by Fen. The activity of oxidative stress enzymes showed that Fen did not elicit any changes in oxidative stress; however, it reduced lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage induced by Pre. Fen did not affect the uptake of Pre but did affect its persistence in rice. In a transcriptome experiment, Fen upregulated genes in a detoxification pathway. Overall, 25 genes related to detoxification were identified, including P450, GST, and GT. Moreover, qRT-PCR analysis showed that four P450 genes, CYP71Y83, CYP71K14, CYP734A2 and CYP71D55, and two GST genes, GSTU16 and GSTF5, were upregulated by Fen and/or Pre.

Conclusion
Our work indicates that Fen acts in antioxidative defense in addition to enhancing the metabolism of herbicides in rice.
Comparative evaluation of epidural bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine combined with magnesium sulfate in providing postoperative analgesia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Li-Qin , Fang Mei-Dan , Wang Cong , Lu Hong-Liu , Wang Li-Xue , Xu Hong-Yu , Zhang Hou-Zhong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe comparative efficacy of epidural bupivacaine alone and bupivacaine combined with magnesium sulfate in providing postoperative analgesia remains controversial.MethodsWe searched Mediline (OvidSP), EMBASE (OvidSP) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify trials that compared epidural bupivacaine and magnesium sulfate combination (intervention) with bupivacaine alone (control). Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework was used to assess the quality of evidence.ResultsEleven studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria after screening. We found that epidural bupivacaine combined with magnesium sulfate could prolong the time for first rescue analgesics (SMD 4.96; 95% CI [2.75, 7.17],P < 0.00001, I2 = 98%), reduce the number of patients who need rescue analgesics (RR 0.38; 95% CI [0.20, 0.74],P = 0.004, I2 = 75%) and requirement for rescue analgesics (SMD -2.65; 95% CI [− 4.23, − 1.06],P = 0.001, I2 = 96%).ConclusionsMagnesium suifate as an adjuvant of epidural bupivacaine improved postoperative analgesia. However, we rated the quality of evidence to be very low because of high heterogeneity, imprecise of results and small sample sizes. Furthermore, further large high-quality trials are still needed to confirm the effects of magnesium sulfate on postoperative analgesia.
Serum Copeptin levels in the emergency department predict major clinical outcomes in adult trauma patients
Authors: Salvo Fulvio , Luppi Francesco , Lucchesi Davide M. , Canovi Simone , Franchini Stefano , Polese Alessandra , Santi Francesca , Trabucco Laura , Fasano Tommaso , Ferrari Anna Maria 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundEarly prognostication in trauma patients is challenging, but particularly important. We wanted to explore the ability of copeptin, the C-terminal fragment of arginine vasopressin, to identify major trauma, defined as Injury Severity Score (ISS) > 15, in a heterogeneous cohort of trauma patients and to compare its performances with lactate. We also evaluated copeptin performance in predicting other clinical outcomes: mortality, hospital admission, blood transfusion, emergency surgery, and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission.MethodsThis single center, pragmatic, prospective observational study was conducted at Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, a level II trauma center in Reggio Emilia, Italy. Copeptin determination was obtained on Emergency Department (ED) arrival, together with venous lactate. Different outcomes were measured including ISS, Revised Trauma Score (RTS), hospital and ICU admission, blood transfusion, emergency surgery, and mortality.ResultsOne hundred and twenty five adult trauma patients admitted to the ED between June 2017 and March 2018. Copeptin showed a good ability to identify patients with ISS > 15 (AUC 0.819). Similar good performances were recorded also in predicting other outcomes. Copeptin was significantly superior to lactate in identifying patients with ISS > 15 (P0.0015), and in predicting hospital admission (P0.0002) and blood transfusion (P0.016). Comparable results were observed in a subgroup of patients with RTS 7.84.ConclusionsIn a heterogeneous group of trauma patients, a single copeptin determination at the time of ED admission proved to be an accurate biomarker, statistically superior to lactate for the identification of major trauma, hospital admission, and blood transfusion, while no statistical difference was observed for ICU admission and emergency surgery. These results, if confirmed, may support a role for copeptin during early management of trauma patients.
Validation of the French version of the Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 (VES-13)
Authors: Belmin Joël , Khellaf Lyamna , Pariel Sylvie , Jarzebowski Witold , Valembois Lucie , Zeisel John , Lafuente-Lafuente Carmelo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Identifying and assessing degree and type of frailty among older persons is a major challenge when targeting high risk populations to identify preventive interventions. The Vulnerable Elders Survey-(VES-13) is a simple instrument to identify frailty defined as risk for death, functional decline or institutionalization.

Objective
Translate VES-13 into French and validate it.

Methods
The French version of VES-13 was developed by forward-backward translation of the VES-13 survey instrument. The authors assessed its feasibility, construct validity, and ability to predict the combined outcomes of admission to institution or death at 18 months, in 135 persons over 70 years of age living in the community. Subjects were recruited from three settings: Group 1 – a health prevention center (n = 45); Group 2 – an ambulatory care geriatric clinic (n = 40); and Group 3 – an intermediate care hospital unit (n = 50). The combined outcomes data were recorded by telephone interview with participants or a proxy.

Results
Feasibility of the French version, named Echelle de Vulnérabilité des Ainés-13 or EVA-13, was excellent. The scale classified 5 (11%) persons as vulnerable (score of 3 or more) in Group 1, 23 (58%) in Group 2 and 45 (90%) in Group 3 (p < 0.001) with scores of 0.91 +/− 1.16, 4.27 +/− 3.17 and 6.90 +/− 3.17, respectively (p < 0.001). At follow-up, among the 60 non-vulnerable subjects, 58 (96%) were alive and living at home, whereas 46 (65%) of the 70 vulnerable subjects were alive and living at home (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
EVA-13 was determined to be valid and reliable.
Case report: an aortic aneurysm as cause of pseudoachalasia
Authors: Dejaeger Marian , Lormans Maud , Dejaeger Eddy , Fagard Katleen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Pseudoachalasia is a rare disorder which has clinical, radiographic, and manometric findings that are often indistinguishable from primary achalasia. It is usually associated with malignancy. Few reports describe vascular compression as a cause of pseudoachalasia.

Case presentation
Here we present a case of a 84-year-old woman with anorexia, dysphagia and unintentional weight loss initially diagnosed as achalasia. Upon further investigation a rare cause of pseudoachalasia due to vascular compression of the esophagus was found. It could have been overlooked due to the fact that the initial work-out with a barium swallow, manometry and endoscopy was suggestive for primary achalasia.

Conclusion
Particularly in older patients with a manometric diagnosis of achalasia, additional investigation to rule out pseudoachalasia is warranted. Although malignant involvement of the esophagus is the most common cause of pseudoachalasia, benign origins have also been described.
The effect of prophylactic hemoclips on the risk of delayed post-endoscopic mucosal resection bleed for upper and lower gastrointestinal lesions: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chang Karen , Lee Brian S. , Tekeste Timnit , Nguyen Andrew , Adeyemo Mopelola , Girgis Agathon , Kwok Karl K. , Crowson H. Michael , Burris Alicia O. , Attam Rajeev , Chaya Charles T. , Durbin Theodore E. , Giap Andrew Q. , Hunt Gordon C. , Iskander John , Kao Kevin T. , Lim Brian S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is a minimally invasive procedure used for the treatment of lesions in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. There is increased usage of hemoclips during EMR for the prevention of delayed bleeding. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hemoclips in the prevention of delayed bleeding after EMR of upper and lower GI tract lesions.

Method
This is a retrospective cohort study using the Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) EMR registry. Lesions in upper and lower GI tracts that underwent EMR between January 2012 and December 2015 were analyzed. Rates of delayed bleeding were compared between the hemoclip and no-hemoclip groups. Analysis was stratified by upper GI and lower GI lesions. Lower GI group was further stratified by right and left colon. We examined the relationship between clip use and several clinically-relevant variables among the patients who exhibited delayed bleeding. Furthermore, we explored possible procedure-level and endoscopist-level characteristics that may be associated with clip usage.

Results
A total of 18 out of 657 lesions (2.7%) resulted in delayed bleeding: 7 (1.1%) in hemoclip group and 11 (1.7%) in no-hemoclip group (p = 0.204). There was no evidence that clip use moderated the effects of the lesion size (p = 0.954) or lesion location (p = 0.997) on the likelihood of delayed bleed. In the lower GI subgroup, clip application did not alter the effect of polyp location (right versus left colon) on the likelihood of delayed bleed (p = 0.951). Logistic regression analyses showed that the clip use did not modify the likelihood of delayed bleeding as related to the following variables: use of aspirin/NSAIDs/anti-coagulants/anti-platelets, pathologic diagnoses (including different types of colon polypoid lesions), ablation, piecemeal resection. The total number of clips used was 901 at a minimum additional cost of $173,893.

Conclusion
Prophylactic hemoclip application did not reduce delayed post-EMR bleed for upper and lower GI lesions in this retrospective study performed in a large-scale community practice setting. Routine prophylactic hemoclip application during EMR may lead to significantly higher healthcare cost without a clear clinical benefit.
Gait, cognition and falls over 5 years, and motoric cognitive risk in New Zealand octogenarians: Te Puāwaitanga o Nga Tapuwae Kia Ora Tonu, LiLACS NZ
Authors: Lord Sue , Moyes Simon , Teh Ruth , Port Waiora , Muru-Lanning Marama , Bacon Catherine J , Wilkinson Tim , Kerse Ngaire 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Understanding falls risk in advanced age is critical with people over 80 a rapidly growing demographic. Slow gait and cognitive complaint are established risk factors and together comprise the Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome (MCR). This study examined trajectories of gait and cognition and their association with falls over 5 years, and documented MCR in Māori and non-Māori of advanced age living in New Zealand.

Method
Falls frequency was ascertained retrospectively at annual assessments. 3 m gait speed was measured and cognition was assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental Status Examination (3MS). Frequency of MCR was reported. Gait and cognition trajectories were modelled and clusters identified from Latent Class Analysis. Generalised linear models examined association between changes in gait, cognition, MCR and falls.

Results
At baseline, 138 of 408 Māori (34%) and 205 of 512 non-Māori (40%) had fallen. Mean (SD) gait speed (m/s) for Māori was 0.66 (0.29) and 0.82 (0.26) for non-Māori. Respective 3MS scores were 86.2 (15.6) and 91.6 (10.4). Ten (4.3%) Maori participants met MCR criteria, compared with 7 (1.9%) non-Māori participants. Māori men were more likely to fall (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.0–2.43 (P = 0.04) whilst for non-Māori slow gait increased falls risk (OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.24–0.68(P < 0.001). Non-Māori with MCR were more than twice as likely to fall than those without MCR (OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.06–5.68 (P = 0.03).

Conclusions
Māori and non-Māori of advanced age show a mostly stable pattern of gait and cognition over time. Risk factors for falls differ for Māori, and do not include gait and cognition.