bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonography in Distal Ulnar Nerve Neuropathy: Findings in 33 Patients
Authors: Iyer Vasudeva G. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose:
Although there are many case reports on the role of ultrasonography (US) in distal ulnar nerve neuropathy (Guyon canal syndrome), there is a paucity of large series in the literature because of its rarity. During an 8-year period, 33 instances of electrodiagnostically confirmed cases underwent US imaging. These cases were analyzed to determine the role of US in uncovering the cause of distal ulnar nerve neuropathy and its contribution to further management.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with distal ulnar nerve neuropathy based on electrodiagnostic criteria, who also had undergone US (measurement of the cross-sectional area and documentation of causes such as cysts and neuromas).

Results:
US showed normal ulnar nerve in 5, cysts in 10, neuromas in 2, and nonspecific enlargement in 16 patients. Surgery was performed in 15 patients, and the US findings were corroborated in those with cysts and neuromas; 1 patient had an aberrant muscle, and two had fibrous bands constricting the ulnar nerve in the Guyon canal (not detected preoperatively by US imaging).

Conclusions:
US imaging detected the underlying cause of distal ulnar nerve neuropathy in a significant percentage of patients, potentially contributing to effective treatment.
Scalp EEG Could Record Both Ictal Direct Current Shift and High-Frequency Oscillation Together Even With a Time Constant of 2 Seconds
Authors: Murai Tomohiko , Hitomi Takefumi , Matsuhashi Masao , Matsumoto Riki , Kawamura Yuki , Kanda Masutaro , Takahashi Ryosuke , Ikeda Akio 
Published: December 2019

Summary:
Herein, the authors report for the first time, scalp-recorded (1) focal ictal direct current (DC) shifts (active DC shifts; that precede conventional pattern) from the chronic focus of focal epilepsy and (2) ictal high-frequency oscillation after ictal DC shifts (passive DC shifts; that follow both conventional and high-frequency oscillation ictal patterns) from the acute focus of acute symptomatic seizures (Szs) in a 77-year-old man. Sixteen episodes of clinical Szs were recorded by scalp EEG with a 2-seconds time constant. Among the 16 recorded episodes of Sz, four EEG Sz patterns originated from the left posterior temporal area (chronic focus), and all patterns (100%) exhibited active DC shifts preceding the conventional pattern by 12 seconds. Twelve EEG Sz patterns originated from the right parietal area (acute focus), and the high-frequency oscillations (five Szs) (41.6%) and DC shifts (six Szs) (50%) occurred first, followed by the conventional pattern 8 seconds later. Because both the active and the passive DC shifts were recorded with a time constant of 2 seconds, which was smaller than that reported previously for ictal DC shifts (e.g., time constant of 10 seconds), clinically useful ictal DC shifts could be routinely inspected with a time constant of 2 seconds.
Self-determination in adolescents and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Wehmeyer Michael L. 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of review
The importance of self-determination to wellbeing and life satisfaction has been established by research in motivation and education. The present review provides a synthesis of research in these areas at a time when the two lines of research are converging.

Recent findings
Research has established that youth and adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are not as self-determined as their nondisabled peers and that this negatively impacts the quality of their lives. Further, research has established the positive benefits of a focus on self-determination assessment and intervention for people with IDD. Recent studies illustrate the shifting focus to a life-course development perspective of self-determination and the alignment of assessment and interventions with that perspective. Research on self-determination and IDD outside of the United States has dramatically increased.

Summary
Research shows that people with IDD who are more self-determined achieve more positive school and adult outcomes and higher life satisfaction. Assessment of and interventions to promote self-determination have increasingly emphasized all people and are aligning with research in motivation and positive psychology. This provides a foundation for promoting greater community, school, and work inclusion.
Delving Below the Species Level To Characterize the Ecological Diversity within the Global Virome: An Exploration of West Nile Virus
Authors: Kong Tong , Mei Kelly , Wang Ammie , Krizanc Danny , Cohan Frederick M. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryEfforts to describe the diversity of viruses have largely focused on classifying viruses at the species level. However, substantial ecological diversity, both in virulence level and host range, is known within virus species. Here we demonstrate a proof of concept for easily discovering ecological diversity within a virus species taxon. We have focused on the West Nile Virus to take advantage of its broad host range in nature. We produced a genome-based phylogeny of world diversity of WNV and then used Ecotype Simulation 2 to hypothesize demarcation of genomes into 69 putative ecotypes (ecologically distinct populations), based only on clustering of genome sequences. Then we looked for evidence of ecological divergence among ecotypes based on differences in host bird associations within the Connecticut-New York region. Our results indicated significant heterogeneity among ecotypes for their associations with different bird hosts. Ecological diversity within other zoonotic viruses could be easily discovered using this approach. Opportunities for extending this line of research to human associations of virus ecotypes are limited by missing geographic metadata on human samples.
Cleft lip and cleft palate (CL/P) inEsrp1KO mice is associated with alterations in Wnt signaling and epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk
Authors: Lee SungKyoung , Sears Matthew J. , Zhang Zijun , Li Hong , Salhab Imad , Krebs Philippe , Xing Yi , Nah Hyun-Duck , Williams Trevor , Carstens Russ P. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTCleft lip is one of the most highly prevalent birth defects in human patients. However, there remain a limited number of mouse models of cleft lip and thus much work is needed to further characterize genes and mechanisms that lead to this disorder. It is well established that crosstalk between epithelial and mesenchymal cells underlies formation of the face and palate, yet the basic molecular events mediating this crosstalk are still poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that mice with ablation of the epithelial-specific splicing factor Esrp1 have fully penetrant bilateral CL/P. In this study we further investigated the mechanisms by which ablation of Esrp1 leads to cleft lip as well as cleft palate. These studies included a detailed analysis of the changes in splicing and total gene expression in embryonic ectoderm during formation of the face as well as gene expression changes in adjacent mesenchyme. We identified altered expression in components of pathways previously implicated in cleft lip and/or palate, including numerous components of the Wnt signaling pathway. These findings illustrate that maintenance of an Esrp1 regulated epithelial splicing program is essential for face development through regulation of key signaling pathways.
Genetic characterization ofStreptococcus equisubspecieszooepidemicusassociated with high swine mortality in United States
Authors: Chen Xuhua , Resende-De-Macedo Nubia , Sitthicharoenchai Panchan , Sahin Orhan , Burrough Eric , Clavijo Maria , Derscheid Rachel , Schwartz Kent , Lantz Kristina , Robbe-Austerman Suelee , Main Rodger , Li Ganwu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHigh mortality events due toStreptococcus equisubspecieszooepidemicus(S. zooepidemicus) in swine have not previously been reported in the United States. In September and October 2019, outbreaks with swine mortality up to 50% due toS. zooepidemicussepticemia were reported in Ohio and Tennessee. Genomic epidemiological analysis revealed that the eight outbreak isolates were clustered together with ATCC 36246, a Chinese strain caused outbreaks with high mortality, also closely related to three isolates from human cases from Virginia, but significantly different from an outbreak-unrelated swine isolate from Arizona and most isolates from other animal species. Comparative genomic analysis on two outbreak isolates and another outbreak-unrelated isolate identified several genomic islands and virulence genes specifically in the outbreak isolates only, which are likely associated with the high mortality observed in the swine population. These findings have implications for understanding, tracking, and possibly preventing diseases caused byS. zooepidemicusin swine.
Assembly of a young vertebrate Y chromosome reveals convergent signatures of sex chromosome evolution
Authors: Peichel Catherine L. , McCann Shaugnessy R. , Ross Joseph A. , Naftaly Alice F. S. , Urton James R. , Cech Jennifer N. , Grimwood Jane , Schmutz Jeremy , Myers Richard M. , Kingsley David M. , White Michael A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHeteromorphic sex chromosomes have evolved repeatedly across diverse species. Suppression of recombination between X and Y chromosomes leads to rapid degeneration of the Y chromosome. However, these early stages of degeneration are not well understood, as complete Y chromosome sequence assemblies have only been generated across a handful of taxa with ancient sex chromosomes. Here we describe the assembly of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) Y chromosome, which is less than 26 million years old. Our previous work identified that the non-recombining region between the X and the Y spans ∼17.5 Mb on the X chromosome. Here, we combined long-read PacBio sequencing with a Hi-C-based proximity guided assembly to generate a 15.87 Mb assembly of the Y chromosome. Our assembly is concordant with cytogenetic maps and Sanger sequences of over 90 Y chromosome clones from a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library. We found three evolutionary strata on the Y chromosome, consistent with the three inversions identified by our previous cytogenetic analyses. The young threespine stickleback Y shows convergence with older sex chromosomes in the retention of haploinsufficient genes and the accumulation of genes with testis-biased expression, many of which are recent duplicates. However, we found no evidence for large amplicons found in other sex chromosome systems. We also report an excellent candidate for the master sex-determination gene: a translocated copy ofAmh(Amhy). Together, our work shows that the same evolutionary forces shaping older sex chromosomes can cause remarkably rapid changes in the overall genetic architecture on young Y chromosomes.
Delicate balances in cancer chemotherapy: Modeling immune recruitment and emergence of systemic drug resistance
Authors: Tran Anh Phong , Al-Radhawi M. Ali , Kareva Irina , Wu Junjie , Waxman David J. , Sontag Eduardo D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMetronomic chemotherapy can drastically enhance immunogenic tumor cell death. However, the responsible mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Here, we develop a mathematical model to elucidate the underlying complex interactions between tumor growth, immune system activation, and therapy-mediated immunogenic cell death. Our model is conceptually simple, yet it provides a surprisingly excellent fit to empirical data obtained from a GL261 mouse glioma model treated with cyclophosphamide on a metronomic schedule. The model includes terms representing immune recruitment as well as the emergence of drug resistance during prolonged metronomic treatments. Strikingly, a fixed set of parameters, not adjusted for individuals nor for drug schedule, excellently recapitulates experimental data across various drug regimens, including treatments administered at intervals ranging from 6 to 12 days. Additionally, the model predicts peak immune activation times, rediscovering experimental data that had not been used in parameter fitting or in model construction. The validated model was then used to make predictions about expected tumor-immune dynamics for novel drug administration schedules. Notably, the validated model suggests that immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive intermediates are responsible for the observed phenomena of resistance and immune cell recruitment, and thus for variation of responses with respect to different schedules of drug administration.
The spread of chloramphenicol-resistantNeisseria meningitidisin Southeast Asia
Authors: Batty Elizabeth M. , Cusack Tomas-Paul , Thaipadungpanit Janjira , Watthanaworawit Wanitda , Carrara Verena , Sihalath Somsavanh , Hopkins Jill , Soeng Sona , Ling Clare , Turner Paul , Dance David A.B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInvasive disease caused byNeisseria meningitidisis a significant health concern globally, but our knowledge of the prevailing serogroups, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and genetics ofN. meningitidisin Southeast Asia is limited. Chloramphenicol resistance inN. meningitidishas rarely been reported, but was first described in isolates from Vietnam in 1998. Using whole-genome sequencing of meningococcal isolates from 18 patients collected between 2007 and 2018 from diagnostic microbiology laboratories in Cambodia, Thailand and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos), of which eight were non-susceptible to chloramphenicol, we report the spread of this chloramphenicol-resistant lineage ofN. meningitidisacross Southeast Asia. Strains resistant to penicillin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin were also observed, including a chloramphenicol-resistant strain from the previously-described lineage which has acquired penicillin and ciprofloxacin resistance, and most isolates were of serogroup B. This study suggests that chloramphenicol-resistantN. meningitidisis more widespread than previously thought.
Network analysis of promoter interactions reveals the hierarchical differences in genome organisation between human pluripotent states
Authors: Chovanec Peter , Collier Amanda J. , Krueger Christel , Várnai Csilla , Schoenfelder Stefan , Corcoran Anne , Rugg-Gunn Peter J. 
Published: December 2019

SUMMARYA complex and poorly understood interplay between 3D genome organisation, transcription factors and chromatin state underpins cell identity. To gain a systems-level understanding of this interplay, we generated a high-resolution atlas of annotated chromatin interactions in naïve and primed human pluripotent stem cells and developed a network-graph approach to examine the atlas at multiple spatial scales. Investigating chromatin interactions as a network uncovered highly connected hubs that changed substantially in interaction frequency and in transcriptional co-regulation between pluripotent states. Small hubs frequently merged to form larger networks in primed cells, often linked by newly-formed Polycomb-associated interactions. Importantly, we identified state-specific differences in enhancer activity and interactivity that corresponded with widespread reconfiguration of transcription factor binding and target gene expression. These findings provide multilayered insights into the gene regulatory control of human pluripotency and our systems-based network approach could be applied broadly to uncover new principles of 3D genome organisation.
The evolutionary origins of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family – cell death or differentiation?
Authors: Steichele Mona , Böttger Angelika 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTNF-R, TNF, and FADD family members are conserved in the fresh water polypHydra.Moreover,Hydraexpresses HyTNF-R adaptor proteins similar to the vertebrate TNF-receptor associated factors TRAF-4 and TRAF-6. HyTNF-R is closest related to the human ectodysplasin receptor EDAR, which is involved in epithelial cell differentiation, e.g. the formation of hair and tooth cells in mammals. Consistent with a similar function inHydra, we show here that HyTNF-R protein is localised very specifically in battery cells and in such epithelial cells of the body column that incorporate nematocytes. Epithelial cell differentiation is therefore an evolutionary ancient function of TNF-R/TNF-protein superfamily members. We also show that twoHydra-FADD proteins co-localise withHydracaspases possessing death (DD) or death effector (DED) domains in death effector filaments in human cells. Caspase recruitment by members of the FADD-protein family might therefore also be an ancient trait. Future research will have to discover the up-stream pathways, which govern this potential apoptotic pathway inHydraand whether it is extrinsically or intrinsically induced.
Identification of two aptamers binding toLegionella pneumophilawith high affinity and specificity
Authors: Saad Mariam , Chinerman Deanna , Tabrizian Maryam , Faucher Sebastien P. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTLegionella pneumophila(Lp) is a water borne bacterium causing Legionnaires’ Disease (LD) in humans. Rapid detection ofLpin water system is essential to reduce the risk of LD outbreaks. The methods currently available require expert skills and are time intensive, thus delaying intervention. In situ detection ofLpby biosensor would allow rapid implementation of control strategies. To this end, a biorecognition element is required. Aptamers are considered promising biorecognition molecules for biosensing. Aptamers are short oligonucleotide sequence folding into a specific structure and are able to bind to specific molecules. Currently no aptamer and thus no aptamer-based technology exists for the detection ofLp.In this study, Systemic Evolution of Ligands through EXponential enrichment (SELEX) was used to identify aptamers binding specifically toLp. Ten rounds of positive selection and two rounds of counter-selection against twoPseudomonasspecies were performed. Two aptamers binding strongly toLpwere identified withKDof 116 and 135 nM. Binding specificity of these two aptamers toLpwas confirmed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Therefore, these two aptamers are promising biorecognition molecules for the detection ofLpin water systems.
Application of sensitive dimensionless parameters and PSO–SVM for fault classification in rotating machinery
Authors: Qin Aisong , Hu Qin , Zhang Qinghua , Lv Yunrong , Sun Guoxi 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
Rotating machineries are widely used in manufacturing, petroleum, chemical, aircraft, and other industries. To accurately identify the operating conditions of such rotating machineries, this paper aims to propose a fault diagnosis method based on sensitive dimensionless parameters and particle swarm optimization (PSO)–support vector machine (SVM) for reducing the unexpected downtime and economic losses.

Design/methodology/approach
A relatively new hybrid intelligent fault classification approach is proposed by integrating multiple dimensionless parameters, the Fisher criterion and PSO–SVM. In terms of data pre-processing, a method based on wavelet packet decomposition (WPD), empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and dimensionless parameters is proposed for the extraction of the vibration signal features. The Fisher criterion is applied to reduce the redundant dimensionless parameters and search for the sensitive dimensionless parameters. Then, PSO is adapted to optimize the penalty parameter and kernel parameter for SVM. Finally, the sensitive dimensionless parameters are classified with the optimized model.

Findings
As two different time–frequency analysis methods, a method based on a combination of WPD and EMD used to extract multiple dimensionless parameters is presented. More vital diagnosis information can be obtained from the vibration signals than by only using a single time–frequency analysis method. Besides, a fault classification approach combining the sensitive dimensionless parameters and PSO-SVM classifier is proposed. The comparative experiment results show that the proposed method has a high classification accuracy and efficiency.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, very few efforts have been performed for fault classification using multiple dimensionless parameters. In this paper, eighty dimensionless parameters have been studied intensively, which provides a new strategy in fault diagnosis field.
Consumers’ reactions to cross-border acquisitions
Authors: Resciniti Riccardo , Matarazzo Michela , Baima Gabriele 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on consumers’ reactions to cross-border acquisitions (CBA) by exploring the role of consumer perceptions of the psychic distance between the country of the acquirer and that of the target firm when the acquiring corporation has a good or poor reputation.

Design/methodology/approach
A 2×2 experimental design which manipulated psychic distance and acquirer’s corporate reputation was conducted in Italy. The study considers an Italian food target firm and compares four foreign acquiring firms with different combinations of corporate reputation (good/poor) and psychic distance to Italy (small/large).

Findings
The authors found that the degree of psychic distance between the countries of the acquiring and targeted firms was inversely related to Italian consumers’ intentions to repurchase the products of the post-acquisition target, and unrelated to the acquirer’s corporate reputation.

Originality/value
This is the first study focusing on psychic distance in the context of CBA, especially from the perspective of consumer behavior, which can help to better understand certain negative reactions toward the acquisition of a business.
Country-of-origin effect and millennials’ wine preferences–a comparative experiment
Authors: Foroudi Pantea , Cuomo Maria Teresa , Rossi Matteo , Festa Giuseppe 
Published: December 2019

Purpose
For wine consumers, the country-of-origin effect still exerts significant influence, even though probably differently from what it was earlier, especially for newer consumer segments. Among these, millennials represent the most interesting segment of the present and future, even though studies on millennials’ behaviour are insidious and newer consumer segments are emerging (Generation Z). The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
This study focusses on this parameter through a comparative analysis of French and Italian wines – first, on the country-of-origin effect on millennials’ wine preferences, and second, on the possibility of managing this influence by adopting a wine marketing mix based on the innovative 4Es model.

Findings
The outcomes of the experiment on 121 millennials, despite the limitations of the study, highlight interesting changes – compared with the wine consumption behaviours of the past – regarding the country-of-origin effect and the possibility of managing it.

Originality/value
The results confirm, similar to the literature on the 4Es model, the possibility of wide areas of action for wine educational marketing initiatives that can change or enhance the country-of-origin perception.