bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experience of cancer‐related fatigue, exercise and exercise adherence among women breast cancer survivors: Insights from focus group interviews
Authors: Kim Sue , Han Jeehee , Lee Min Young , Jang Min Kyeong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo identify the experience of breast cancer survivors regarding cancer‐related fatigue, exercise and exercise adherence.BackgroundCancer‐related fatigue is a common symptom among cancer survivors that limits quality of life. Despite exercise being recommended as a viable solution to manage cancer‐related fatigue, relatively few research studies on the experience of cancer‐related fatigue and exercise adherence have been conducted.DesignThis was a qualitative study to identify breast cancer survivors’ experience of cancer‐related fatigue, exercise and exercise adherence. This paper adhered to the COREQ checklist in reporting.MethodsFour focus group interviews were conducted with 16 breast cancer survivors who had fatigue score of 4 out of 10 (moderate fatigue) or greater. Ethical approval was obtained and participants met for focus group interview discussion. The interview guide included questions on cancer‐related fatigue, barriers and facilitators of exercising, strategies for exercise adherence and suggestions for a supportive programme.ResultsFour themes were identified through thematic analysis: (a) The insidious and overpowering nature of cancer‐related fatigue; (b) exercising when experiencing fatigue surrounded by prevailing myths; (c) multiple barriers to exercise; and (d) facilitative factors to continue exercising despite fatigue.ConclusionsParticipants’ experience of moderate or greater cancer‐related fatigue prevented them from exercising, despite knowing its importance, and limited them to passive activities. Misconceptions that exercise is associated with lymphedema and risk of recurrence, poor psychosocial self‐image and lack of clear knowledge and exercise programmes for cancer survivors further limited adherence to exercise. In contrast, finding comfort and strength through exercising and interacting with other breast cancer survivors were facilitative factors.Relevance to clinical practiceThe insights shared by breast cancer survivors experiencing cancer‐related fatigue can contribute to developing an exercise adherence programme as a way to manage and alleviate fatigue and establish healthy survivorship care.
The effects of job demands on nurses' burnout and presenteeism through sleep quality and relaxation
Authors: Gillet Nicolas , Huyghebaert-Zouaghi Tiphaine , Réveillère Christian , Colombat Philippe , Fouquereau Evelyne 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesThe main aim of this study was to investigate the indirect effects of emotional dissonance and workload on presenteeism and emotional exhaustion through sleep quality and relaxation.BackgroundNumerous investigations have found that job demands are related to employees' health and behaviours, but additional studies are needed among nurse samples. Specifically, little is known about the relationships between nurses' emotional dissonance and workload on one hand, and presenteeism and emotional exhaustion on the other hand. Moreover, research is needed to further explore the psychological mechanisms underlying these relationships.DesignWe used a cross‐sectional design. Our study was carried out between October 2015–February 2016. Precisely, we asked nurses from various French healthcare centres to fill out a questionnaire survey. We ensured to meticulously follow the STROBE guidelines for cross‐sectional research in designing and reporting this study.MethodAn empirical study with a sample of 378 nurses was conducted.ResultsIn line with our hypotheses, our findings revealed that emotional dissonance and workload were negatively linked to sleep quality and relaxation, which were, in turn, related to lower levels of presenteeism and emotional exhaustion. Workload and emotional dissonance were also directly and positively related to emotional exhaustion, while emotional dissonance was associated with higher levels of presenteeism. Finally, the indirect effects of emotional dissonance and workload on emotional exhaustion through sleep quality as well as the indirect effects of emotional dissonance on emotional exhaustion through relaxation were significant and positive.ConclusionsOverall, our results provide insight into the effects of emotional dissonance and workload on presenteeism and emotional exhaustion through recovery processes.Relevance to clinical practiceThe present findings have some practical implications for reducing nurses' emotional exhaustion and presenteeism. Specifically, managers and organisations should try to design and craft jobs to decrease the presence of negative work characteristics (i.e., workload and emotional dissonance). Our results also suggest that recovery processes may be important factors to focus on.
Congenital myasthenic syndrome in Golden Retrievers is associated with a novelCOLQmutation
Authors: Tsai Kate L. , Vernau Karen M. , Winger Kathryn , Zwueste Danielle M. , Sturges Beverly K. , Knipe Marguerite , Williams D. Colette , Anderson Kendall J. , Evans Jacquelyn M. , Guo Ling T. , Clark Leigh Anne , Shelton G. Diane 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundCongenital myasthenic syndromes (CMSs) are a group of inherited disorders of neuromuscular transmission that may be presynaptic, synaptic, or postsynaptic. Causative mutations have been identified in 4 breeds including the Labrador Retriever, Jack Russell Terrier, Heideterrier, and Danish Pointing Dog.Hypothesis/ObjectiveClinical and genetic characterization of a neuromuscular disorder in Golden Retriever (GR) puppies.AnimalsFour GR puppies from California were evaluated for generalized muscle weakness beginning at weaning. Biological specimens were collected from the affected puppies, and familial information was obtained. Blood or buccal swabs were obtained from 63 unaffected GRs.MethodsComplete physical, neurological, electrodiagnostic, and histological evaluations and biochemical quantification of muscle acetylcholine receptors were performed. Polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify the 17 exons ofCOLQ, and sequences were obtained by Sanger sequencing. Variant frequency was assessed in unrelated GRs and a public database.ResultsClinical, neurological, and electrodiagnostic evaluations confirmed a disorder of neuromuscular transmission in a GR family. Sequencing of all exons and splice sites of a primary candidate gene,COLQ, identified a point mutation that predicts an amino acid substitution (G294R). The primaryCOLQtranscript was absent from affected muscle samples. All affected puppies were homozygous for the mutation, which was not detected outside this GR family or in other breeds.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceWe confirmed the diagnosis of a CMS in GR puppies and identified a novelCOLQmutation. TheCOLQgene encodes the collagenous tail of acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for termination of skeletal muscle contraction by clearing acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. Clinicians and breeders should be aware of this CMS in GR puppies with an early onset of weakness.
Influence of penicillin treatment of horses with strangles on seropositivity toStreptococcus equissp.equi‐specific antibodies
Authors: Pringle John , Storm Emma , Waller Andrew , Riihimäki Miia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAntibiotic treatment of horses with strangles is reported to impair the development of immunity to subsequent exposure toStreptococcus equisspequi(S. equi). However, apart from a single clinical report, evidence‐based studies for this hypothesis are lacking.Hypothesis/ObjectiveTo determine whether penicillin treatment during clinical strangles influences the development or persistence of seropositivity toS. equi‐specific antibodies.AnimalsA natural outbreak of strangles with 100% morbidity in 41 unvaccinated mature Icelandic horses.MethodsA prospective longitudinal study of acute clinical strangles from onset through full recovery approximately 10 months after the index case. Horses were monitored clinically 6 times forS. equi, as well as serologically for antibodies to antigens A and C ofS. equiusing an enhanced indirect ELISA. Seven horses received penicillin within 11 days of onset of fever (Group 1), 5 between 16 and 22 days after onset of fever (Group 2), and the remainder (Group 3, n = 29) received no antibiotics during clinical disease. The proportions of seropositive horses in each group were compared using an extension of Fisher's exact test withP < .05 as the level of significance.ResultsAlthough all horses were seropositive toS. equiwithin 2 months of the index case, significantly fewer horses treated early (Group 1) remained seropositive by 4 to 6 months (P= .04 and .02, respectively).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFindings support earlier suggestions that penicillin administered during acute strangles can interfere with persistence of humoral immunity toS. equi.
Percutaneous absorption between frog species: Variability in skin may influence delivery of therapeutics
Authors: Llewelyn Victoria K. , Berger Lee , Glass Beverley D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFrogs have permeable skin, so transdermal delivery provides a practical alternative to traditional dosing routes. However, little is known about how frog skin permeability differs interspecifically, and there are different reported clinical outcomes following topical application of the same chemical in different frog species. This study collated in vitro absorption kinetic data previously reported for two frog species: the green tree frog (Litoria caerulea) and the cane toad (Rhinella marina), and used linear mixed‐effects modelling to produce a model of absorption. Histology of skin samples from each species was performed to observe morphological differences that may affect absorption. Absorption kinetics differed significantly between species, with the logP of the applied chemical a better predictor of permeability than molecular weight. Application site also influenced permeability, with dorsal permeability consistently higher in cane toads. Ventral permeability was more consistent between species. Skin thickness differed between species and skin regions, and this may explain the differences in absorption kinetics. Guidelines for selecting chemicals and dosing site when treating frogs are presented. The permeability differences identified may explain the poor reproducibility reported in the treatment of disease across frog species, and reinforces the importance of considering interspecies differences when designing therapeutic treatments for frogs.
LmjMAPK10 offers protection against Leishmania donovani infection
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Zutshi Shubhranshu , Patidar Ashok , Bodhale Neelam , Roy Somenath , Sarkar Arup , Saha Bhaskar 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsThis study aimed at evaluating the DNA vaccination efficacy of Leishmania major‐derived MAPK10 against Leishmania donovani infection.Methods and ResultsMAPK10 is one of the 15 mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) of Leishmania major. Herein, we expressed the gene through a mammalian vector and tested whether priming with this gene would offer protection against L donovani infection. We report that LmjMAPK10 DNA vaccination using a mammalian expression vector significantly reduces the parasite burden. The protection is accompanied by host‐protective T‐cell functions, TH1‐type cytokines and elevated leishmanial antigen‐specific IgG2a isotype response. T‐cell response to the L donovani/challenge infection is associated with increase in IL‐12 and IFN‐γ, but reduced IL‐10 and IL‐4 production.ConclusionsLmjMAPK10 is cross‐protective against L donovani infection.
The what, how, and why of moralization: A review of current definitions, methods, and evidence in moralization research
Authors: Rhee Joshua J. , Schein Chelsea , Bastian Brock 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMoralization has major social and political implications. Although there is a depth of research on the nature and implications of moral attitudes and moral convictions, there has been less of a focus on the psychological processes by which actions, attitudes, or entities become moralized, or move from lesser to greater moral significance, and the research that does exist is highly fragmented. In the present paper, we provide a two‐factor structure for understanding the current state of research on moralization, categorizing extant moralization research by (1) whether it examines judgments of actions, attitudes, or entities and (2) whether it captures moral recognition (the shift from neutral to moral), or moral amplification. Using this framework, we then consider the various routes through which moralization may occur, discuss emerging research on the influence that social norms can have on this process, and address future areas of research. Overall, we hope to provide some initial steps toward developing a more integrated framework for understanding moralization.
Supporting disciplinary and interdisciplinary knowledge development and design thinking in an informal, pre‐engineering program: A Workplace Simulation Project
Authors: Cross Francis Dionne , Tan Verily , Nicholas Celeste 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we examined students’ engagement in an implementation of a Workplace Simulation Project (WSP). The WSP was designed to actively engage students in learning disciplinary content by inviting engineers from industry to have a physical presence within the school building to collaborate with teachers and students to complete projects which simulate the tasks authentic to their work. We focus on the first year implementation of the program that partnered a high school in the rural Midwest with an engineering unit of a government organization. Using a multiple methods study design, we analyzed disciplinary and interdisciplinary pre and posts test along with students’ interviews to determine learning gains as well as students’ interpretations of creative and critical thinking as experienced in the project and their knowledge of the engineering design process. Effect sizes showed that students in the WSP group had notable gains over the control group participants. Additionally, students’ knowledge of core elements of the design process were identified in inductive analyses of the interviews. Findings from this study will provide usable knowledge about effective ways to support systems and design thinking and ways to support expert‐novice collaboration to ensure success.
A Cultural Theory of Partisanship and Policy Attitudes
Authors: Nowlin Matthew C. , Rabovsky Thomas M. 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivePolitical parties provide an important function for a public that is generally seen as not consistently ideological by guiding its thinking about policy issues. In this article, we examine whether the four cultural worldviews derived from grid‐group cultural theory—hierarch, egalitarian, individualist, and fatalist—are predictive of partisan attachments and perceptions of climate change risk among the public.MethodsData come from an original survey of the U.S. public conducted in 2011 and 2012. We use regression analysis to examine partisanship and perceived climate change risk; ordered logit to examine party attachment; and mediation analysis to examine the mediating effect of partisanship on cultural worldviews and climate change risk.ResultsWe find that the group‐oriented cultural types (egalitarians and hierarchs) are more likely to have stronger party attachments than the nongroup‐oriented cultural types (individualists and fatalists). In addition, we find that the mediation effect of party is more pronounced among the group‐oriented types than the nongroup oriented.ConclusionGrid‐group cultural theory is predictive of both partisanship and policy attitudes and partisanship mediates the influence of cultural worldviews on climate change risk, particularly for those types with group orientations.
Aberrantly expressed snoRNA, snRNA, piRNA and tRFs in canine melanoma
Authors: Rahman Md. Mahfuzur , Lai Yu‐Chang , Husna Al Asmaul , Chen Hui‐Wen , Tanaka Yuiko , Kawaguchi Hiroaki , Hatai Hitoshi , Miyoshi Noriaki , Nakagawa Takayuki , Fukushima Ryuji , Miura Naoki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAmong small non‐coding RNAs (sncRNAs/sRNAs), the functional regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been studied in canine oral melanoma (COM). However, the expression level of other sncRNAs, like small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), transfer RNA‐derived fragments (tRFs) and PIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs), in COM is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate sncRNAs other than miRNAs in COM from our small RNA sequencing project (PRJNA516252). We found that several snRNAs and piRNAs were upregulated, whereas tRFs and snoRNAs were downregulated in COM. Upregulation of U1 snRNA and piR‐972, and downregulation of tRNA‐ser (1) and snoRA24 was confirmed in dog melanoma tissue and cell lines by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Consistently, the expression of tRNA‐ser (1) and snoRA24 in plasma of COM cases was also decreased. Finally, we found a similar expression trend of U1 and snoRA24 in the human cutaneous melanoma cell line, MEWO, compared with human epidermal melanocyte cells (HEMa‐Lp). In our study, snRNA, snoRNA, tRFs and piRNA were dysregulated during melanoma progression. Moreover, the melanoma‐associated expression of U1 and snoRA24 was similar in human and dog melanoma.
A pharmacokinetic study of oclacitinib maleate in six cats
Authors: Ferrer Lluís , Carrasco Isaac , Cristòfol Carles , Puigdemont Anna 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundOclacitinib is a Janus kinase (JK)1 inhibitor that has been shown to be effective and safe for the treatment of allergic dermatitis in dogs. Its use in cats has been limited by the absence of pharmacokinetic data.ObjectiveTo determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of oclacitinib in cats after oral and intravenous administration.AnimalsSix adult domestic short hair cats.Methods and materialsA two period, two treatment design was used in which cats received oclacitinib maleate i.v. and p.o., at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, respectively. There was a one‐week interval of washout between the two treatments. Cats received each treatment only once. The plasma concentration of oclacitinib was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography at 0 min, 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 4 h, 6 h, 10 h and 24 h after intravenous.v administration, at 0 min, 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 10 h and 24 h after p.o. administration.ResultsAfter p.o. administration, oclacitinib was absorbed rapidly and almost completely, as shown by an absolute bioavailability of 87% and a Tmax of 35 min. The elimination of the drug also was very rapid as shown by a half‐life of 2.3 h and a clearance calculated as 4.45 mL/min/kg (after i.v. administration).Conclusions and clinical importanceThe pharmacokinetic parameters of oclacitinib in the cat are similar to those described for the dog, although absorption and elimination are somewhat faster and variability between individuals is somewhat greater. Larger doses and/or shorter dosing intervals would be recommended in cats to achieve similar blood concentrations to those in dogs.
Outcome after surgical and conservative treatments of canine peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia: A multi‐institutional study of 128 dogs
Authors: Morgan Keaton R. S. , Singh Ameet , Giuffrida Michelle A. , Balsa Ingrid M. , Hayes Galina , Chu Margaret L. , Thomson Christopher B. , Arai Shiori , Smeak Daniel D. , Monnet Eric , Selmic Laura E. , Cray Megan , Grimes Janet A. , Morris Taylor , Case J. Brad , Biskup Jeffrey J. , Haas Jason , Thieman‐Mankin Kelley , Milovancev Milan , Gatineau Mathieu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo compare demographics and disease characteristics in dogs in which peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) had been diagnosed and report outcomes after surgical treatment (ST) or conservative treatment (CT).Study designRetrospective study.Sample populationOne hundred twenty‐eight dogs (91 ST, 37 CT) in which PPDH had been diagnosed.MethodsMedical records were reviewed for demographics, perioperative findings, and outcomes. Follow‐up was obtained via telephone interview and email correspondence with owners and referring veterinarians. Baseline variables were compared between treatment groups.ResultsDogs treated surgically were younger (P < .001), more likely to be sexually intact (P = .002), more likely to have clinical signs from PPDH vs an incidental diagnosis (P < .001), and more likely to have other congenital abnormalities (P = .003) compared with dogs treated conservatively. Ninety‐seven percent of ST dogs were discharged from hospitals. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were reported in 22% and 41% of dogs, respectively, although most complications were classified as low grade (75% and 83%, respectively). Follow‐up was available in 87 dogs, at a median of 1062 days. Hernia recurrence was not reported in any surgically treated dog. The deaths of nine dogs (five ST, four CT) could be attributed to PPDH, and long median survival times were observed in both the ST and CT groups (8.2 and 5 years, respectively).ConclusionPreoperative characteristics differed between dogs treated conservatively vs surgically. Surgical treatment was associated with low operative mortality, and both ST and CT dogs had good long‐term survival.Clinical significanceA diagnosis of PPDH can confer a good long‐term prognosis for both ST and CT dogs.