bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-Hospital Telehealth Supports Care for Neonatal Patients in Strict Isolation
Authors: Umoren Rachel A. , Gray Megan M. , Handley Sarah , Johnson Nathaniel , Kunimura Christina , Mietzsch Ulrike , Billimoria Zeenia , Lo Mark D. 
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of “in-hospital” inpatient telemedicine within a children's referral hospital to facilitate inpatient care activities such as interprofessional rounding and the provision of supportive services such as lactation consultations to pediatric patients in strict isolation. To test the feasibility of in-hospital video telemedicine, a dedicated telemedicine device was set up in the patient's room. This device and the accompanying Bluetooth stethoscope were used by the health care team located just outside the room for inpatient rounding and consultations from supportive services. Video telemedicine facilitated inpatient care and interactions with support services, reducing the number of health care providers with potential exposure to infection and decreasing personal protective equipment use. In the setting of strict isolation for highly infectious viral illness, telemedicine can be used for inpatient care activities such as interprofessional rounding and provision of supportive services.
Key Points
Variable-stiffness tensegrity spine
Authors: Zappetti Davide , Arandes Roc , Ajanic Enrico , Floreano Dario 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Vertebrates, including amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, with their ability to change the stiffness of the spine to increase load-bearing capability or flexibility, have inspired roboticists to develop artificial variable-stiffness spines. However, unlike their natural counterparts, current robotic spine systems do not display robustness or cannot adjust their stiffness according to their task. In this paper, we describe a novel variable-stiffness tensegrity spine, which uses an active mechanism to add or remove a ball-joint constrain among the vertebrae, allowing transition among different stiffness modes: soft mode, global stiff mode, and directional stiff mode. We validate the variable-stiffness properties of the tensegrity spine in experimental bending tests and compare results to a model. Finally, we demonstrate the tensegrity spine system as a continuous variable-stiffness manipulator and highlight its advantages over current systems.
Future Circular Collider beam screen: progress on Tl-1223 HTS coating
Authors: Leveratto A , Saba A , Holleis S , Himmerlich M , Henrist B , Fernandez-Peña S , Moros A , Bernardi J , Eisterer M , Bernini C , Vaglio R , Putti M , Ferdeghini C , Calatroni S , Bellingeri E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Thallium-1223, a superconductor with high critical temperature (T
c ∼ 120 K) and high irreversibility line is a promising alternative to copper layers as a low surface impedance material in particle accelerator components. In the existing design of the Future Circular Collider (FCC-hh), for reasons of cryogenic efficiency and vacuum stability, the beam screen that shields the dipoles from synchrotron radiation has to stay at best in the temperature range between 40 and 60 K, in which copper surface resistance might be too high to prevent beam instabilities due to wakefields. This paper reports the progress on the realization of thallium-1223 based high temperature superconducting (HTS) coatings realized by electrochemical deposition. The study of the Tl-1223 phase has been carried out on precursor-pellets and films. Transport characterization revealing a very high irreversibility line and also high local critical currents obtained from Scanning Hall Probe Microscopy (SHPM) measurements will be shown. A first analysis of compatibility in vacuum has been carried out and the generation of secondary electrons (SEY) has been investigated as well.
The encouraging results, although not conclusive, will state that thallium-based phase could be suitable for the proposed application.
THz electrodynamics of BaFe1.91Ni0.09As2 film analyzed in the framework of multiband Eliashberg theory
Authors: Ummarino G A , Muratov A V , Kadyrov L S , Gorshunov B P , Richter S , Anna Thomas A , Hühne R , Aleshchenko Y A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The temperature dependences of the plasma frequency, superfluid density and London penetration depth were determined from the terahertz spectra of conductivity and the dielectric permittivity of BaFe1.91Ni0.09As2 film with critical temperature T

c
= 19.6 K. Part of the experimental data were analyzed within a simple three-band Eliashberg model where the mechanism of superconducting coupling is mediated by antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations, whose characteristic energy Ω0 scales with T

c
according to the empirical law

Ω

0

=
4.65

k

B

T

c

, and with a total electron-boson coupling strength λ

tot
= 2.17.
Comparison between the use of uniform and non-uniform light absorption profiles in modelling organic photovoltaics
Authors: Hassan Husna A , Inche Ibrahim M L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
To avoid complexity, a uniform light absorption profile is usually used when modelling organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). However, the actual light absorption profile is not uniform. It is found that a uniform light absorption profile can be used as a replacement for the actual non-uniform light absorption profile in modelling an OPV provided that the actual light absorption profile inside the OPV has a peak absorption value that is roughly less than twice its average absorption value. Nevertheless, the use of a uniform light absorption profile in investigating the effect of a certain parameter (e.g. the active layer thickness) on the performance of OPVs should still be used with care if variations in the value of the said parameter lead to different light absorption profiles.
A collocation method based on Genocchi operational matrix for solving Emden-Fowler equations
Authors: Isah Abdulnasir , Phang Chang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we solved the first kind and second kind Emden-Fowler type equations by using scheme involving Genocchi polynomials. Using the nice properties of Genocchi polynomials, which is the member of Appell polynomials, we construct the Genocchi operational matrices of derivative. Then, we use collocation scheme together with this operational matrix to transform the Emden-Fowler equation to a matrix equation. Hence we obtain a system of algebraic equations with unknown coefficients, solving this system will lead to the solution of Emden-Fowler type equations. This Emden-Fowler equation is a singular second order differential equation which many numerical methods may fail to solve the problem effectively. Error analysis on standard Emden-Fowler type equations for this proposed method is shown. We finally solve some numerical examples and compare to other numerical scheme to show the efficiency, simplicity and accuracy of the method.
Statistical Analysis Investigation on Vegetable Oils Stability during Deep Frying using Selected Quality Parameters
Authors: Daoud Jamal I , Mirghani Mohamed E S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The frying process is complicated because of a large number of parameters involved and the interactions between them. High stability liquid oils are in great demand. The best way to decide on the fats and oils suitability for frying is to study their natural stability to oxidation. In this study, consecutive deep-fat frying was done by using potato chips in palm oil, cottonseed oil and groundnut oil at 170 °C. All oils used were refined, bleached and deodorised from good quality authentic crude oils. The study was used to investigate the influence of frying time on oil quality by measuring the concentration of tocopherol content (TC), iodine value (IV), peroxide value (PV), free fatty acids (FFA) and polymer content (PC). Changes in these parameters were determined on the oil samples taken periodically during frying. A MANOVA statistical model was used for the investigations of oil quality parameters while used continuously in frying potato chips. The analysis which was implemented using XLSTAT is showing that the frying time has a significant impact on the compositions of the frying oil. A significant increase in PV, FFA and PC was observed during frying while a decrease in the concentration of TC and IV values was observed. The result concluded that refined, bleached deodorised palm oil is more stable during deep-fat frying compared to cottonseed oil followed by groundnut oil.
Statistical investigation for cutting force and surface roughness of S45C steel in turning processes by I-kazTM method
Authors: Samin R , Nuawi M Z , Haris S M , Ghani J A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a statistical analysis to investigatethe correlation between cutting forces and surface roughness values in turning process. Although the correlation of machining processes has been widely studied in metal cutting, it still presents a challenge as surface roughness has to be considered for product quality and it is hard to ensure that this requirement will be achieved. The paper also presents a statistical analysis of signal processing from the force signal in time domain. The cutting force was measured during machining using Kistler 9129AA dynamometer to monitor the force signals and the data was analysed using statistical methods such as skewness, kurtosis and I-kazTM method. The statistical methods were used to data analysis to assess the effect of force signals during the machining process. The results show that the relationship between I-kaz coefficients (Ƶ
∞) from the I-kazTM method and surface roughness values (Ra and Rz) can be considered very highly correlated.
Subset Selection in High-Dimensional Genomic Data using Hybrid Variational Bayes and Bootstrap priors
Authors: Olaniran O R , Abdullah M A A 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, the Variational Bayes (VB) approach was hybridized with the bootstrap prior procedure to improve the accuracy of subset selection as well as optimizing the algorithm time in modelling high-dimensional genomic data with inherent sparse structure. The new hybrid VB approach is shown to yields a minimal sufficient statistic which under mild regularity conditions converges to the true sparse structure. Simulation and real-life high-dimensional genomic data experiments revealed comparable empirical performance with other competing frequentist and Bayesian methods. In addition, a new fast algorithm that illustrates the procedure was developed and implemented in the environment of R statistical software as package “VBbootprior”.
Analysis of wage distribution in Malaysia
Authors: Bahar Mahdir , Kamu Assis , Jantan Norhayati , Gabda Darmesah 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLabor force demand in Malaysia has grown significantly over the decades since the independence era. Changes in economic structure have led to changes in labor force utilization. There are hundreds of studies had been done to investigate the determinants of wages, including human capital factor, demographic factor as well as job characteristic. The objective of this paper is to examine the determinant of wages in Malaysia using the Salaries and Wages Survey, 2016 conducted by the Department of Statistics Malaysia. Based on the analysis of mean differences, the average wage is significantly different for all variables, including age, ethnicity, marital status, education level and occupation. Even in the analysis of the distribution for men and women, the difference in average wage is also identified for each occupation category and sector of the industry.
Evaluation of Guiera Senegalenses on Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Among Sudanese Adult Patients
Authors: Mohammed A H , Mirghani M E S , Elnour A A M , Abdelbaset M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Guiera senegalensis (GS) reflects the reduced glucose exposure of erythrocytes over a preceding time frame proportional to erythrocyte survival. GS is thus an anti-diabetic function of the glucose-time curve, an educationally useful concept to aid teaching and clinical judgment. Sixty-one newly diagnosed patients with an average age of 48.2 years and weight of 64.9 kg have participated in the study. Participants were significantly different in their educational, socioeconomic levels, and most of them have no family history of diabetes. To evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of GS, the patients were divided into four groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) and treated with four different doses of the aqueous extract of the herb ( 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 Oz of GS boiled for 10 minutes in 0.5-litre water). The experiment has lasted for five days for each group, and the blood glucose level of the patients was checked using GOD –POD method, at fasting (FBS) and following two hours after the breakfast (RBS). Another group of 30 patients (control) received Douniel drug (5mg/day/person) instead of the GS herb extract and checked for glucose level with the same procedure mentioned above. The results revealed that blood glucose level (mg/dl) for all patients lowered by 9% after every 24 hours of the treatment and by 35% at the end of the treatment. The average fasting and random blood glucose levels were significantly (P<0.001) reduced from 326.21 and 322.95 mg/dl at the start of the treatment to 213.57 and 202.87 mg/dl sequentially at the end of the treatment. The herb significantly (P<0.001) reduced the blood glucose levels, however, with negligible side effects (vomiting on two patients of group G4). Similar hypoglycemic effects on random blood sugar for both the herb extract and Daniel drugs noticed. However, the average fasting blood glucose level of patients treated with herb extract (266.21 mg/dl) was significantly (P<0.001) lower than that of patients treated with the Daniel drug (280.47 mg/dl). Accordingly, the action of this herb may be similar to that of Douniel drug. However, it might have more prolonged action than Douniel. The study strongly recommends GS as a potential herb for the treatment of type II diabetes.
The effect of marine parameters on salinity via statistical approaches
Authors: Mohamad Hamzah F , Mohammed S N S , Syed Abdullah SM , Abdul Maulud K N , Mohd Razali S F , Kamarudin M K A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between water quality parameters of marine water and to determine parameters that affect much on salinity of surface water. This is a quantitative study which focusses on modelling of salinity on three marine parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen and conductivity) from six monitoring stations in the Straits of Johor, Malaysia. Pearson correlation indicates the occurrence of significant linear relationship between salinity and conductivity for each station. The regression model of salinity shows some significant effects of a few marine parameters. A significant correlation of about 0.8 between salinity and conductivity for all stations shows that their relationship is moderately high as compared to temperature and dissolved oxygen. The fitted models indicate that similar ecological conditions can be observed at one of the monitoring stations for each Western and Eastern parts of the Straits of Johor as the salinity is dominantly influenced by the changes in temperature, dissolved oxygen and conductivity.
Solar reflective pavements—A policy panacea to heat mitigation?
Authors: Middel Ariane , Turner V Kelly , Schneider Florian A , Zhang Yujia , Stiller Matthew 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cities worldwide are piloting the use of solar reflective coatings on roads to mitigate the Urban Heat Island (UHI). Solar reflective pavement has been praised as simple, low-cost solution with a demonstrated ability to reduce surface temperature. Less well understood is the effect of solar reflective coatings on radiant heat, which influences human thermal exposure and comfort. We present the first biometeorological observations of solar reflective coating to investigate its thermal performance from a pedestrian perspective. Hourly transects were conducted in two Los Angeles neighborhoods with MaRTy, a mobile platform that measures air, surface, and mean radiant temperature. Transects were performed on July 30, 2019, a typical summer day with low wind speeds and maximum air temperature of 31 °C. The surface temperature of coated asphalt concrete was 4 °C to 6 °C lower than that of regular asphalt concrete, but coated surfaces reflected 118 Wm−2 more shortwave radiation on average and up to 168 Wm−2 more at noon. In the evening, MaRTy observed 20 to 30 Wm−2 of added reflected shortwave radiation on sidewalks next to the reflective pavement. Mean radiant temperature over reflective pavement was 4 °C higher during midday. Although air temperature was reduced by 0.5 °C in the afternoon, after-sunset cooling was negligible. Findings illustrate the benefits and disadvantages of reflective pavement with respect to various thermal performance metrics. Cities should weigh the tradeoffs of UHI mitigation, thermal exposure, implementation and maintenance costs, lifecycle, and other competing priorities in the context of space use.
Accounting for Social Perspectives: An Exploratory Study of Approved Mental Health Professional Practice
Authors: Karban Kate , Sparkes Tony , Benson Steve , Kilyon Jen , Lawrence Jill 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The role of the Approved Mental Health Professional (AMHP) in England and Wales was intended to provide a social perspective as a ‘counterweight’ to a medical perspective when compulsory detention to psychiatric care is being considered as part of an assessment under the 1983 Mental Health Act (MHA). However, with few exceptions, there is relatively little written about AMHPs’ understandings of a social perspective and their experiences of applying this in practice. This article will discuss the findings of a small-scale qualitative study involving twelve AMHPs, highlighting the different accounts of how social perspectives may be understood and implemented. Some of the tensions that may arise when undertaking MHA assessments and the challenges of implementing a social perspective in practice will be considered. The conclusion will recognise the complexity of AMHP practice and the diverse ways in which AMHPs attempt to apply a social perspective. It is clear, however, that an understanding of social perspectives is firmly embedded in the practice of the AMHPs involved in this study.
Patterns of Cortical Folding Associated with Autistic Symptoms in Carriers and Noncarriers of the 22q11.2 Microdeletion
Authors: Gudbrandsen Maria , Mann Caroline , Bletsch Anke , Daly Eileen , Murphy Clodagh M , Stoencheva Vladimira , Blackmore Charlotte E , Rogdaki Maria , Kushan Leila , Bearden Carrie E , Murphy Declan G M , Craig Michael C , Ecker Christine 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a genetic condition accompanied by a range of psychiatric manifestations, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It remains unknown, however, whether these symptoms are mediated by the same or distinct neural mechanisms as in idiopathic ASD. Here, we examined differences in lGI associated with ASD in 50 individuals with 22q11.2DS (n = 25 with ASD, n = 25 without ASD) and 81 individuals without 22q11.2DS (n = 40 with ASD, n = 41 typically developing controls). We initially utilized a factorial design to identify the set of brain regions where lGI is associated with the main effect of 22q11.2DS, ASD, and with the 22q11.2DS-by-ASD interaction term. Subsequently, we employed canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to compare the multivariate association between variability in lGI and the complex clinical phenotype of ASD between 22q11.2DS carriers and noncarriers. Across approaches, we established that even though there is a high degree of clinical similarity across groups, the associated patterns of lGI significantly differed between carriers and noncarriers of the 22q11.2 microdeletion. Our results suggest that ASD symptomatology recruits different neuroanatomical underpinnings across disorders and that 22q11.2DS individuals with ASD represent a neuroanatomically distinct subgroup that differs from 22q11.2DS individuals without ASD and from individuals with idiopathic ASD.
Introduction of Group Electronic Monitoring of Hand Hygiene on Inpatient Units: A Multicenter Cluster Randomized Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Leis Jerome A , Powis Jeff E , McGeer Allison , Ricciuto Daniel R , Agnihotri Tanya , Coyle Natalie , Williams Victoria , Moore Christine , Salt Natasha , Wong Louis , McCreight Liz , Sivaramakrishna Sajeetha , Junaid Shara , Cao Xinghan , Muller Matthew 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
The current approach to measuring hand hygiene (HH) relies on human auditors who capture &lt;1% of HH opportunities and rapidly become recognized by staff, resulting in inflation in performance. Group electronic monitoring is a validated method of measuring HH adherence, but data demonstrating the clinical impact of this technology are lacking.

Methods
A stepped-wedge cluster randomized quality improvement study was performed on 26 inpatient medical and surgical units across 5 acute care hospitals in Ontario, Canada. The intervention involved daily HH reporting as measured by group electronic monitoring to guide unit-led improvement strategies. The primary outcome was monthly HH adherence (percentage) between baseline and intervention. Secondary outcomes included transmission of antibiotic-resistant organisms such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other healthcare-associated infections.

Results
After adjusting for the correlation within inpatient units and hospitals, there was a significant overall improvement in HH adherence associated with the intervention (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.73 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.47–1.99]; P &lt; .0001). Monthly HH adherence relative to the intervention increased from 29% (1 395 450/4 544 144) to 37% (598 035/1 536 643) within 1 month, followed by consecutive incremental increases up to 53% (804 108/1 515 537) by 10 months (P &lt; .0001). There was a trend toward reduced healthcare-associated transmission of MRSA (IRR, 0.74 [95% CI, .53–1.04]; P = .08).

Conclusions
The introduction of a system for group electronic monitoring led to rapid, significant improvements in HH performance within a 2-year period. This method offers significant advantages over direct observation for measurement and improvement of HH.