bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of vitamin D supplementation with serum leptin and metabolic parameters in Egyptian patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a prospective study
Authors: Kaisar Hany Haroun , Halima Ahmed Samir Abo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the progressive form of NAFLD, a common cause of liver disease, with increased chance of progression to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Circulating leptin is increased in patients with NASH. It is an independent positive predictor of the severity of hepatic steatosis. Vitamin D is a lipophilic molecule essential to maintain calcium and phosphate balance. Moreover, it has antifibrotic, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory effects on the liver. Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide condition and very common in patients with NASH. Low serum vitamin D has been shown to predispose to intrahepatic lipid accumulation leading to NAFLD. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of vitamin D supplementation with serum leptin and metabolic parameters in Egyptian patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

Results
Patients with NASH group had statistically significant higher values of diastolic blood pressure (94.3 ± 11.9 mmHg, p < 0.0001), glycated hemoglobin (8.0 ± 2.4%, p < 0.0001), fasting blood sugar (165.6 ± 62.0 mg/dL, p < 0.0001), fasting insulin level (24.2 ± 3.0 μU/ml, p < 0.0001), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (1.8 ± 0.7, p < 0.0001), alanine transferase (ALT) (78.2 ± 36.7 U/L, p < 0.0001), aspartate transferase (AST) (108.6 ± 85.6 U/L, p < 0.0001), NAFLD fibrosis score (− 0.78 ± 0.9, p < 0.0001), total cholesterol (233.0 ± 40.9 mg/dL, p = 0.0011), low-density lipoprotein (117.5 ± 41.6 mg/dL, p = 0.0084), and triglycerides (229.7 ± 62.1 mg/dL, p < 0.0001) than the control group. Moreover, they had lower serum vitamin D level (15.6 ± 6.6 ng/ml, p = 0.0004) and higher serum leptin level (35.9 ± 28.4 ng/ml, p < 0.0001) than the control group. Following vitamin D supplementation, there was a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c (6.8 ± 1.3%, p = 0.0055), fasting blood sugar (136.1 ± 32.7 mg/dL, p = 0.0094), fasting insulin level (22.9 ± 1.8 μU/ml, p = 0.0236), HOMA-IR (1.4 ± 0.4, p = 0.0026), ALT (55.3 ± 21.3 U/L, p = 0.0010), AST (73.1 ± 54.2 U/L, p = 0.0297), and triglycerides (203.6 ± 49.8 mg/dL, p = 0.0415) in patients with NASH. There was a statistically significant increase in serum vitamin D level (33.0 ± 7.6 ng/ml, p < 0.0001) and decrease in serum leptin level (23.5 ± 12.9 ng/ml, p = 0.0140) after treatment.

Conclusions
Vitamin D supplementation in patients with NASH in a dose of 4000 IU/day for 12 weeks improves severity of hepatic inflammation, decreases insulin resistance, improves glycemic control, corrects dyslipidemia, and protects against lipotoxicity by inhibition of serum leptin.
Stress in nurses’ caring for stroke patients and families: a mixed-method study
Authors: Saramago Ines , Timmons Suzanne , Gallagher Paul , Fox Siobhán 
Published: August 2020

Background:Within nursing, caring for stroke patients and helping them with the recovery of their abilities can be strenuous; even more so when considering the nurse’s scope of practice includes the patient and predicts a supportive role to the caregivers. This type of rehabilitative nursing care can be demanding, and nurses may experience increased levels of stress. Despite the extensive literature about the nursing workload and its connection to occupational stress, very little research has been conducted particularly about stress levels experienced by nurses working with stroke patients, who may experience particularly high stress. The rationale for this research emerged from the scarcity of studies worldwide and especially in Irish stroke units.Methods:Nurses from stroke and medical wards (n=100) were distributed the Perceived Stress Scale and requested to complete it from the perspective of their workplace. A convenience sample of these nurses were interviewed about their experience of stress.Results:Of 48 survey respondents, 68% reported ‘moderate’ levels of stress, with higher mean levels in nurses working in medical wards (M=20.10, SD=5.42) than nurses in stroke units (M=16.17, SD=4.41; t(46)=2.757, p<0.01). In interviews with nurses on stroke units (n=11), sources of stress included work performance anxiety (e.g. fear of errors), workload burden/conflicting demands, and family/physician interactions. Coping mechanisms included brief “time outs”, direct problem-solving, and peer support. Conclusions:The participants’ experiences of stress may help other nurses working with stroke patients to cope better with work-related stress, and provide guidance to managers in improving the organization of stroke networks.
Sweet taste does not modulate pain perception in adult humans
Authors: Mooney Elizabeth R , Davies Alexander J , Pickering Anthony E 
Published: August 2020

Background: Sugar is routinely used to comfort neonates undergoing painful procedures, and animal studies have shown that sucrose increases the time to withdrawal from painful stimuli. However, there are no published studies examining the effects of sweet substances on heat pain thresholds and percept in adult humans. Methods: Healthy adult volunteers (n=27, aged 18-48 years) were recruited to a controlled, double-blind, randomised, cross-over study to characterise the effect of tasting solutions of equivalent sweetness (10% sucrose and 0.016% sucralose) on warm detection and heat pain thresholds and the percept ratings of painfully hot stimuli. The effect of anticipation of a sweet taste on heat pain threshold was also assessed. Results: Tasting either sucrose or sucralose had no significant effect on the percept of an individually titrated hot stimulus (54.5±4.2 and 54.9±3.2 vs 53.2±3.5 for water, 0-100 visual analogue scale), on the warm detection or heat pain threshold (43.3±0.8, 43.2±0.8 vs 43.0±0.8°C). Anticipation of a sweet substance similarly did not affect heat pain thresholds. Conclusions: Sucrose and sucralose solutions had no analgesic effect when assessed using heat detection thresholds and percept ratings of painfully hot stimuli despite being perceived as sweeter and more pleasant than water. These findings are in contrast to results reported from previous animal studies in which thermal analgesia from sweet solutions is robust. Given the ubiquitous availability of sugar rich drinks in the modern environment, the lack of observable effect may be due to an insufficient hedonic value of the test solutions when compared to the experience of a laboratory rodent. Alternatively, sweet tastes may have a specific effect on pain tolerance rather than the threshold and acute percept measures assayed in this study.
On the Readiness of Teachers to Form Functional Mathematical Literacy of Schoolchildren
Authors: Roslova L. , Karamova I. 
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of mathematical literacy of primary school students, which, in accordance with the definition proposed in the international program for assessing the educational achievements of students PISA, is considered in the context of functional literacy. The article reflects the concept of a teacher's readiness to form mathematical literacy of schoolchildren, the structure of this concept has been developed, which includes five components: cognitive, motivational, emotional, operational and evaluative.
The article describes the research carried out by the authors aimed at identifying the readiness of mathematics teachers of general education organizations to form students' mathematical literacy, presents a questionnaire developed to solve the research problems. The results of the analysis of ideas, attitudes and beliefs of teachers of mathematics regarding the formation of functional mathematical literacy of students are presented. The analysis of the cognitive, operational and evaluative components of readiness has been carried out in accordance with the following tasks: first, to reveal the level of the teacher's understanding of the pedagogical task and the assessment of its significance for society in modern conditions; secondly, to reveal the ideas of teachers about the methodology for the formation of mathematical literacy and mathematical content aimed at the formation of this ability; thirdly, to reveal the attitude towards the possibilities of forming mathematical literacy within the framework of a general education school, the problems and difficulties arising in solving this pedagogical problem.
The analysis made it possible to reveal a contradiction between the high level of understanding by teachers of the significance of a new pedagogical task for them and the lack of didactic tools and teaching methods necessary for its solution. The directions of further research necessary to increase the level of mathematics teachers' readiness for the formation of functional mathematical literacy of students in Russian schools are proposed.
Visualization of Educational Information by Means of Graphics
Authors: Gadzhieva Elena 
Published: August 2020

The article examines the modern direction of information visualization in the context of educational activities. Graphics is a visualization language and it "speaks" with graphemes. Infographics call their works infographics. In our understanding, grapheme is a consequence of information processing by the infocartographic method that we have developed. The method integrates techniques of cartography and infographics. Educational information is a didactically processed scientific information representing concepts, patterns, laws, structure, functioning of systems within the framework of the discipline being studied. Or, we can say that this is information about the subject itself and the methods of studying it.
The versatility of the infocartographic method lies in its "end-to-end" capabilities to show, visualize any information, "translate" it from verbal language into the language of gratification.
Psikoedukasi Mengasuh Dengan Empati Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Parenting Pada Kader Posyandu Di Desa Dukuh, Boyolali
Authors: Peristianto Sheilla Varadhila 
Published: August 2020

AbstrakOrang tua dalam menjalankan perannya sebagai pengasuh menampilkan bentuk pengasuhan yang beragam. Banyak kejadian, orang tua merasa memberikan perhatian, namun anak tidak berperilaku sesuai dengan harapan orang tua. Di Desa Dukuh, Banyudono, Boyolali, mayoritas orang tua setiap hari bekerja sehingga bagi anak jarang ada waktu berkualitas yang diberikan. Anak berfikir bahwa orang tua sibuk bekerja dan tak jarang mendapat amarah dengan nada tinggi, sedangkan orang tua merasa anak tidak menghargai kerja keras demi memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga.Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah kader posyandu di Desa Dukuh yang berjumlah 25 orang, diharapkan subjek dapat melanjutkan informasi kepada orang tua di lingkungan sekitar. Peneliti melakukan asesmen dengan metode wawancara, observasi, FGI (Focused Group Interview) dan analisis dokumen. Materi yang digunakan pada psikoedukasi ditranslasi dari tehnik membangun empati (Bailey, Perkins & Wilkins, 1995). Psikoedukasi diberikan selama tiga sesi yang dilaksanakan dalam satu kali pertemuan, adapun pengukuran pre-test pada sesi 1, post-test pada sesi 3, dan follow up dilakukan 1 minggu kemudian.Berdasarkan analisis menggunakan paired sample t-test didapatkan hasil t = -3,745 dengan p = 0,001 (p < 0,001). Dari hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa psikoedukasi membangun empati meningkatkan pemahaman tentang pengasuhan kepada anak, dan orang tua memahami cara awal untuk mengetahui kondisi anak. Psikoedukasi membangun empati pada orang tua meningkatkan kualitas dalam melakukan pengasuhan kepada anak. Kata Kunci : kader, pengasuhan, empati, parenting
Electrostatic Dyakonov-like surface waves supported by metallic nanowire-based hyperbolic metamaterials
Authors: Moradi Afshin 
Published: August 2020

New electrostatic (or, more accurately, quasi-electrostatic or slow electric) surface waves, i.e., electrostatic Dyakonov-like surface waves, are predicted theoretically. These surface waves are localized at the interface between a metallic nanowire-based hyperbolic metamaterial and an isotropic medium and travel along the interface. Solving a modified Laplace’s equation in conjunction with the appropriate boundary conditions, the dispersion relation, power flow, energy density, group (energy) velocity, and polarization are obtained for these electrostatic Dyakonov-like surface waves, and some numerical solutions are presented.
THE ROLE OF LOCAL CREDIT INSTITUTIONS (LPD) IN DISTRIBUTING AGRICULTURAL CREDIT IN PENATIH VILLAGE, DISTRICT OF EAST DENPASAR, DENPASAR CITY
Authors: Damayanti Ni Putu Era Prasistya , Ustriyana I Nyoman Gede , Djelantik AAA Wulandira Sawitri 
Published: August 2020

Local credit institution (LPD) is financial enterprise that owned by the village to carry out business activities in that village and or the villagers. In its development, LPD has a imperative role that is not far from the goal of establishing LPD its sel, viz. Encouraging the development o rural economic throughraising the unds, distribute the loan for the community, create equal opportunities for business activities and employment opportunities for villagers.This study aims to determine characteristics of the agricultural debtor in LPD Desa Adat Penatih, the criteria for amount of agricultural credit distributed in LPD Desa Adat Penatih, the procedure for distributing agricultural credit in LPD Desa Adat Penatih and also the interference in repayment of credit in LPD Desa Adat Penatih. The location of this study were selected purposively. Data used in this study is qualitative data and quantitative data.The result of the study showed that the characteristics of the agricultural debtor in the LPD Desa Adat Penatih are seen from age and gender, the number of family dependents, the level of education, the criteria for amount loan and the business fields. The amount of agricultural credit distributed in LPD Desa Adat Penatih base of the collateral value for collateral provided by debtor. The procedure for distributing agricultural credit in LPD Desa Adat Penatih starts by of the loan application, analysis or assessment of credit, credit decision, disbursement and loan administration. There is no interference to LPD Desa Adat Penatih in repayment of agriculture credit. Both in terms of repayment period and credit collectibility.
Identification of Advance Risks to Sources and Causes of Material Waste in Road Construction Projects
Authors: Waty Mega , Sulistio Hendrik 
Published: August 2020

Early risk identification of the sources and causes of waste material for road construction projects has been carried out, and the research continues to carry out further risk identification which then becomes the final risk identification. Description and validity tests and reliability tests were carried out to obtain further risk identification. Each source variable and indicator of the cause of material waste in each material is differentfrom one another because each has a difference. The results of continued identification resulted in: 1) ready mix concrete has eight variables of waste material sources and 21 indicators of material waste causes, 2) lean concrete has seven variables of waste material sources and 18 indicators of material waste causes, 3) aggregate B has seven variables of waste material sources and 12 indicators of material waste causes, 4) landfill has eight variables of material waste sources and 26 indicators of material waste causes, 5) cement has seven variables of material waste sources and 31 indicators of material waste.
Effects of 4 Weeks of Active Exergames Training on Muscular Fitness in Elderly Women
Authors: Gallardo-Meza Cristian , Simon Kristel , Bustamante-Ara Natalia , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , García-Pinillos Felipe , Keogh Justin W.L. , Izquierdo Mikel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Gallardo-Meza, C, Simon, K, Bustamante-Ara, N, Ramirez-Campillo, R, García-Pinillos, F, Keogh, JWL, and Izquierdo, M. Effects of 4 weeks of active exergames training on muscular fitness in elderly women. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 427–432, 2022—To analyze the effects of 4 weeks of an active exergames training program on muscular fitness in older women, 2 groups of community dwelling physically active subjects were formed by block-design randomization. One was deemed the control group (CG, n = 37; age 68.1 ± 3.3 years), and a second group completed 4 weeks of an active exergames training program (ExG, n = 35; age, 69.2 ± 3.7 years). Training included active exergames (Wii Fit Plus) performed on the Wii Balanceboard, 2 sessions per week. The exergames required mainly balance-related movements, such as leaning forward, leftward, and rightward, also requiring isometric squat positions and explosive leg extension. A supervisor-to-subject ratio method of 2:1 was used. An intensity-based individual progressive overload was applied. There were no significant (all p > 0.05, d = 0.01–0.07) baseline differences between-groups for all dependent variables. For the ExG, significant improvements were observed in static balance right leg test (Δ75.5%, d = 0.89), static balance left leg (Δ33.7%, d = 0.57), timed up-and-go test (Δ14.8%, d = 0.85) and sit-to-stand velocity test (Δ83.8%, d = 1.62). For the control group, trivial to small decrements in performance were observed across all tests (Δ −2.1 to −8.4%, d = −0.08 to 0.32). Group × time interactions were observed for the static balance right and left leg, timed up-and-go test, and the mean velocity achieved in the 5-repetition sit-to-stand test (all p < 0.001; d = 0.33–0.60). In conclusion, exergames training improves muscular fitness in older women. These results should be considered when designing appropriate and better exercise training programs for older women.
Resistance Training Volume Enhances Muscle Hypertrophy, but Not Strength in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Nascimento de Oliveira-Júnior Gersiel , de Sousa Jairo de Freitas Rodrigues , Carneiro Marcelo Augusto da Silva , Martins Fernanda Maria , Santagnello Samarita Beraldo , Souza Markus Vinicius Campos , Orsatti Fábio Lera 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Nascimento de Oliveira Júnior, G, de Freitas Rodrigues de Sousa, J, Augusto da Silva Carneiro, M, Martins, FM, Santagnello, SB, Campos Souza, MV, and Orsatti, FL. Resistance training volume enhances muscle hypertrophy, but not strength in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1216–1221, 2022—Among several possible resistance training (RT) variables to be manipulated, the training volume has been considered as a critical variable to maximize RT-induced hypertrophy. Many of the studies that compared one set of RT with 3 sets have failed to show a difference in muscle hypertrophy in older adults. However, it is not clear whether further increases in RT volume (i.e., 6 sets) would result in even greater RT-related hypertrophy than 3 sets in older adults. This study aimed to investigate whether higher-volume RT (HV-RT) maximizes gains in lean body mass and muscle strength (MS) when compared with lower-volume RT (LV-RT) in postmenopausal women (PW). Fifty-eight PW were randomized into 1 of the 3 groups: control group (CT, no exercise), HV-RT (6 sets per exercise), and LV-RT (3 sets per exercise). Volunteers took part in a supervised training program (leg press 45°, leg extension, leg curl and standing calf raises) and were assessed for leg lean mass (LLM; dual X-ray absorptiometry) and lower limb MS (leg press and leg extension; 1 repetition maximum [1RM]) before and after 12 weeks of RT. Both HV-RT and LV-RT groups increased (p < 0.05) LLM and MS when compared with the CT group. Higher increases in LLM gains were observed for the HV-RT group when compared with the LV-RT group (6.1 and 2.3%, p < 0.001). Both HV-RT and LV-RT groups similarly increased 1RM in the leg press and leg extension. Thus, there seems to be a dose-response relationship between RT volume and muscle hypertrophy, but not for MS gains in PW.
Volume Load Rather Than Resting Interval Influences Muscle Hypertrophy During High-Intensity Resistance Training
Authors: Longo Ariel Roberth , Silva-Batista Carla , Pedroso Kelly , de Salles Painelli Vitor , Lasevicius Thiago , Schoenfeld Brad Jon , Aihara André Yui , de Almeida Peres Bergson , Tricoli Valmor , Teixeira Emerson Luiz 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Longo, AR, Silva-Batista, C, Pedroso, K, de Salles Painelli, V, Lasevicius, T, Schoenfeld, BJ, Aihara, AY, de Almeida Peres, B, Tricoli, V, and Teixeira, EL. Volume load rather than resting interval influences muscle hypertrophy during high-intensity resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1554–1559, 2022—Interset rest interval has been proposed as an important variable for inducing muscle mass and strength increases during resistance training. However, its influence remains unclear, especially when protocols with differing intervals have equalized volume. We aimed to compare the effects of long (LI) vs. short rest interval (SI) on muscle strength (one repetition maximum [1RM]) and quadriceps cross-sectional area (QCSA), with or without equalized volume load (VL). Twenty-eight subjects trained twice a week for 10 weeks. Each subject's leg was allocated to 1 of 4 unilateral knee extension protocols: LI, SI, SI with VL -matched by LI (VLI-SI), and LI with VL-matched by SI (VSI-LI). A 3-minute rest interval was afforded in LI and VSI-LI protocols, while SI and VLI-SI employed a 1-minute interval. All subjects trained with a load corresponding to 80% 1RM. One repetition maximum and QCSA were measured before and after training. All protocols significantly increased 1RM values in post-training (p < 0.0001; LI: 27.6%, effect size [ES] = 0.90; VLI-SI: 31.1%, ES = 1.00; SI: 26.5%, ES = 1.11; and VSI-LI: 31.2%, ES = 1.28), with no significant differences between protocols. Quadriceps cross-sectional area increased significantly for all protocols in post-training (p < 0.0001). However, absolute changes in QCSA were significantly greater in LI and VLI-SI (13.1%, ES: 0.66 and 12.9%, ES: 0.63) than SI and VSI-LI (6.8%, ES: 0.38 and 6.6%, ES: 0.37) (both comparisons, p < 0.05). These data suggest that maintenance of high loads is more important for strength increases, while a greater VL plays a primary role for hypertrophy, regardless of interset rest interval.