bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic plant LPOR forms helical lattices that shape membranes for chlorophyll synthesis
Authors: Nguyen Henry C. , Melo Arthur A. , Kruk Jerzy , Frost Adam , Gabruk Michal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis, crucial to life on Earth, is tightly regulated because its precursors are phototoxic1. In flowering plants, the enzyme Light-dependent Protochlorophyllide OxidoReductase (LPOR) captures photons to catalyze the penultimate reaction: the reduction of a double-bond within protochlorophyllide (Pchlide) to generate chlorophyllide (Chlide)2,3. In darkness, LPOR oligomerizes to facilitate photon energy transfer and catalysis4,5. However, the complete 3D structure of LPOR, the higher-order architecture of LPOR oligomers, and the implications of these self-assembled states for catalysis, including how LPOR positions Pchlide and the cofactor NADPH, remain unknown. Here we report the atomic structure of LPOR assemblies by electron cryo-microscopy (cryoEM). LPOR polymerizes with its substrates into helical filaments around constricted lipid bilayer tubes. Portions of LPOR and Pchlide insert into the outer membrane leaflet, targeting the product, Chlide, to the membrane for the final reaction site of chlorophyll biosynthesis. In addition to its crucial photocatalytic role, we show that in darkness LPOR filaments directly shape membranes into high-curvature tubules with the spectral properties of the prolammelar body, whose light-triggered disassembly provides lipids for thylakoid assembly. Our structure of the catalytic site, moreover, challenges previously proposed reaction mechanisms6. Together, our results reveal a new and unexpected synergy between photosynthetic membrane biogenesis and chlorophyll synthesis in plants orchestrated by LPOR.
Tau, XMAP215/Msps and Eb1 co-operate interdependently to regulate microtubule polymerisation and bundle formation in axons
Authors: Hahn Ines , Voelzmann Andre , Parkin Jill , Fuelle Judith , Slater Paula G , Lowery Laura A , Sanchez-Soriano Natalia , Prokop Andreas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe formation and maintenance of microtubules requires their polymerisation, but little is known about how this polymerisation is regulated in cells. Focussing on the essential microtubule bundles in axons ofDrosophilaandXenopusneurons, we show that the plus-end scaffold Eb1, the polymerase XMAP215/Msps and the lattice-binder Tau co-operate interdependently to promote microtubule polymerisation and bundle organisation during axon development and maintenance. Eb1 and XMAP215/Msps promote each other’s localisation at polymerising microtubule plus-ends. Tau outcompetes Eb1-binding along microtubule lattices, thus preventing depletion of Eb1 tip pools. The three factors genetically interact and show shared mutant phenotypes: reductions in axon growth, comet size, comet number and comet velocity, as well as prominent deterioration of parallel microtubule bundles into disorganised curled conformations. This microtubule curling is caused by Eb1 plus-end depletion which impairs spectraplakin-mediated guidance of extending microtubules into parallel bundles. Our demonstration that Eb1, XMAP215/Msps and Tau co-operate during the regulation of microtubule polymerisation and bundle organisation, offers new conceptual explanations for developmental and degenerative axon pathologies and how to treat them.Summary statementEb1, XMAP215 and tau co-operate interdependently in axons to promote the polymerisation of microtubules and their organisation into the parallel bundles required for axonal transport.
N6-methyladenine DNA demethylase ALKBH1 regulates mammalian axon regeneration
Authors: Li Qiao , Qian Cheng , Feng Harry , Lin Tyger , Huang Ying , Zhou Feng-Quan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecent studies have shown that DNA N6-methyladenine (N6-mA) modification is emerging to be a novel and important epigenetic regulator of mammalian gene transcription. Several studies demonstrated DNA N6-mA in human or rodents was regulated by methyltransferase N6AMT1 and demethylase ALKBH1. Moreover, studies in mouse brain or human glioblastoma cells showed that reduced level of N6-mA or higher level of ALKBH1 was correlated with up regulated levels of genes associated with neuronal development. We thus investigated the functional roles of ALKBH1 in sensory axon regeneration. Our results showed that ALKBH1 regulated the level of N6-mA in sensory neurons, and upon peripheral nerve injury ALKBH1 was up regulated in mouse sensory neurons. Functionally, knocking down ALKBH1 in sensory neurons resulted in reduced axon regenerationin vitroandin vivo, which could be rescued by simultaneously knocking down N6AMT1. Moreover, knocking down ALKBH1 led to decreased levels of many neurodevelopment regulatory genes, including neuritin that is well known to enhance axon growth and regeneration. Our study not only revealed a novel physiological function of DNA N6-mA, but also identified a new epigenetic mechanism regulating mammalian axon regeneration.Significance StatementThe study demonstrated that DNA N6-methyladenine (N6-mA) modification played important roles in regulation of sensory axon regeneration, likely through controlling the expression of neurodevelopmental associated genes. The results will add new evidence about the physiological function of DNA N6-mA and its regulatory demethylase ALKBH1 in neurons.
Variational Inference Using Approximate Likelihood Under the Coalescent With Recombination
Authors: Liu Xinhao , Ogilvie Huw A. , Nakhleh Luay 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCoalescent methods are proven and powerful tools for population genetics, phylogenetics, epidemiology, and other fields. A promising avenue for the analysis of large genomic alignments, which are increasingly common, are coalescent hidden Markov model (coalHMM) methods, but these methods have lacked general usability and flexibility. We introduce a novel method for automatically learning a coalHMM and inferring the posterior distributions of evolutionary parameters using black-box variational inference, with the transition rates between local genealogies derived empirically by simulation. This derivation enables our method to work directly with three or four taxa and through a divide-and-conquer approach with more taxa. Using a simulated data set resembling a human-chimp-gorilla scenario, we show that our method has comparable or better accuracy to previous coalHMM methods. Both species divergence times and population sizes were accurately inferred. The method also infers local genealogies and we report on their accuracy. Furthermore, we illustrate how to scale the method to larger data sets through a divide-and-conquer approach. This accuracy means our method is useful now, and by deriving transition rates by simulation it is flexible enough to enable future implementations of all kinds of population models.
Neural decoding of gait phase information during motor imagery and improvement of the decoding accuracy by concurrent action observation
Authors: Yokoyama Hikaru , Kaneko Naotsugu , Watanabe Katsumi , Nakazawa Kimitaka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBrain decoding of motor imagery (MI) is crucial for the control of neuroprosthesis, and it provides insights into the underlying neural mechanisms. Walking consists of stance and swing phases, which are associated with different biomechanical and neural control features. However, previous studies on the decoding of the MI of walking focused on the classification of more simple information (e.g., walk and rest). Here, we investigated the feasibility of electroencephalogram (EEG) decoding of the two gait phases during the MI of walking and whether the combined use of MI and action observation (AO) would improve decoding accuracy. We demonstrated that the stance and swing phases could be decoded from EEGs during AO or MI alone. Additionally, the combined use of MI and AO improved decoding accuracy. The decoding models indicated that the improved decoding accuracy following the combined use of MI and AO was facilitated by the additional information resulting from the concurrent cortical activations by multiple regions associated with MI and AO. This study is the first to show that decoding the stance versus swing phases during MI is feasible. The current findings provide fundamental knowledge for neuroprosthetic design and gait rehabilitation, and they expand our understanding of the neural activity underlying AO, MI, and AO+MI of walking.Significance StatementBrain decoding of detailed gait-related information during motor imagery (MI) is important for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) for gait rehabilitation. However, previous knowledge on decoding the motor imagery of gait is limited to simple information (e.g., the classification of “walking” and “rest”). Here, we demonstrated the feasibility of EEG decoding of the two gait phases during MI. We also demonstrated that the combined use of MI and action observation (AO) improves decoding accuracy, which is facilitated by the concurrent and synergistic involvement of the cortical activations by multiple regions for MI and AO. These findings extend the current understanding of neural activity and the combined effects of AO and MI and provide a basis for developing effective techniques for walking rehabilitation.
Non-ionotropic NMDA receptor signaling gates bidirectional structural plasticity of dendritic spines
Authors: Stein Ivar S. , Park Deborah K. , Claiborne Nicole , Zito Karen 
Published: August 2020

SUMMARYExperience-dependent refinement of neuronal connections is critically important for brain development and learning. Here we show that ion flow-independent NMDAR signaling is required for the long-term dendritic spine growth that is a vital component of brain circuit plasticity. We found that inhibition of p38 MAPK, shown to be downstream of non-ionotropic NMDAR signaling in LTD and spine shrinkage, blocked LTP-induced spine growth but not LTP. We hypothesized that non-ionotropic NMDAR signaling drives the cytoskeletal changes that support bidirectional spine structural plasticity. Indeed, we found that key signaling components downstream of non-ionotropic NMDAR function in LTD-induced spine shrinkage also are necessary for LTP-induced spine growth. Furthermore, NMDAR conformational signaling with coincident Ca2+influx is sufficient to drive CaMKII-dependent long-term spine growth, even when Ca2+is artificially driven through voltage-gated Ca2+channels. Our results support a model in which non-ionotropic NMDAR signaling gates the bidirectional spine structural changes vital for brain plasticity.
Coordination of pupil and saccade responses by the superior colliculus
Authors: Wang Chin-An , Munoz Douglas P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe appearance of a salient stimulus evokes saccadic eye movements and pupil dilation as part of the orienting response. Although the role of the superior colliculus (SC) in saccade and pupil dilation has been established separately, whether and how these responses are coordinated remains unknown. The SC also receives global luminance signals from the retina, but whether global luminance modulates saccade and pupil responses coordinated by the SC remains unknown. Here, we used microstimulation to causally determine how the SC coordinates saccade and pupil responses, and whether global luminance modulates these responses by varying stimulation frequency and global luminance in male monkeys. Stimulation frequency modulated saccade and pupil responses, with trial-by-trial correlations between the two responses. Global luminance only modulated pupil, but not, saccade responses. Our results demonstrate an integrated role of the SC on coordinating saccade and pupil responses, characterizing luminance independent modulation in the SC, together elucidating the differentiated pathways underlying this behavior.
Knowledge transfer and innovation adoption in women farmers
Authors: De Rosa Marcello , Bartoli Luca , Charatsari Chrysanthi , Lioutas Evagelos 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe study aims to analyse patterns of innovation adoption among Italian female-owned farms, by evaluating the impact of innovation support services and entrepreneurial orientation on innovation adoption.Design/methodology/approachTo explore both the entrepreneurial identity of women farmers and the role of innovation support services in boosting innovation, a questionnaire was administered to a sample of Italian women farmers. A multivariate analysis lets to classify the farms under the previous two perspectives.FindingsThe analysis reveals various patterns of innovation adoption, heavily depending on both the effectiveness of innovation support services and farmers' entrepreneurial orientation.Research limitations/implicationsThe research analyses a sample of women farmers to excavate worlds of innovation among female-owned farms. Cross-gender comparisons can offer a more complete picture of the ways gender catalyses innovation adoption.Practical implicationsAt a policy level, the results of our empirical analysis point out the need for gendering innovation analysis and for tailoring policy interventions to the different worlds of innovation that exist in rural Italy.Social implicationsThe paper confirms the importance of deepening research on gender issues, with the purpose of fulfilling gender mainstreaming underlined in numerous policy documents at both the European and international levels.Originality/valueThe analysis represents a first attempt to join both the entrepreneurial identity of women farmers and the role of innovation support services in boosting innovation. Therefore, the paper fills a gap in the literature.
Sustainable beekeeping, community driven-development, and tri-sector solutions with impact
Authors: Gring-Pemble Lisa , Perilla Germán 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
As the Academy for Business in Society considers the theme “Business in Society: Measuring Impact and Creating Change,” one fundamental question emerges and that is how to collaborate with universities to create positive impact and sustainable business models. The purpose of this paper is to address that question and offer one apt illustration for how to collaborate effectively across sectors.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper offers a case study of the Honey Bee Initiative (HBI) from George Mason University’s School of Business.

Findings
In this case study, the authors discuss the Initiative’s tri-sector domestic and global partnerships, community-driven development approach and innovative solutions as an exemplar of business as a force for good.

Originality/value
This paper provides unique insight into how universities can partner with non-profits, business and policy leaders to effect positive change. As such, the HBI program contributes to the growing body of research on the benefits of tri-sector partnership models as a means of addressing global goals and provides a valuable case study to understand better the necessity of multi-stakeholder partnerships. Moreover, the HBI’s tri-sector partnership model offers important insights into what makes these partnerships successful and serves as a replicable model that can be instituted in other regions around the globe.
Improving lighting efficiency in existing art museums: a case study
Authors: Hassanizadeh Negar , Noorzai Esmatullah 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The inappropriate lighting methods can have irreversible effects on artworks available in museums and exhibitions. Several factors affect the choice of the lighting system in the museums. By surveying all possible elements, this paper aims to propose a sustainability-based solution, as it relates to the development of artwork conservation, visual perception and energy efficiency during operation and maintenance (O&M).

Design/methodology/approach
The paper elicits optimal solutions out of the method presented based on functions and expert opinion to improve lighting quality in existing museums. To study the optimization, the energy consumption and life cycle cost (LCC) in both the proposed lighting and the existing lighting system are compared using HoneyBee and LadyBug plugins in GrassHopper, as well as BLCC5 energy cost estimation software.

Findings
The results indicated a practical method to select the most suitable solution for museum lighting. By applying the proposed solutions obtained from the case study, a significant reduction in energy consumption and LCC were achieved. Besides, greenhouse gases were remarkably decreased.

Practical implications
Providing the proper lighting systems for each museum is the issue that is given special attention during the facilities management. The quality of the lighting, energy consumption and costs are analyzed by the simulation software. It is recommended that the validity considerations of the practice are examined.

Originality/value
The present study tried to present an optimal method to choose the best lighting system by the simultaneous utilization of theoretical and practical aspects. The functional model is also introduced for performing the most effective method to enhance the lighting techniques in the art museums.
Positive effects of earthquake from the perspective of people with physical disability in Iran
Authors: Pakjouei Shahrzad , Aryankhesal Aidin , Kamali Mohammad , Seyedin Hesam , Heidari Mohammad 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
Earthquake usually causes death, injury, disability and destruction of buildings and infrastructure, and people with disabilities are usually affected more than healthy people. As undesirable experiences may also have positive outcomes, this study aims to investigate the experiences of PWD and identify the positive effects of earthquakes on them in Iran, as an earthquake-prone country.

Design/methodology/approach
In this qualitative study, 20 participants were selected purposively among those having physical disability, aged 23-55 years and with experience of an earthquake. Their opinions were collected using semi-structured interviews. Analysis was performed using thematic approach and MAXQDA software was used to organize the data.

Findings
The positive effects of earthquake were categorized into five main themes: promotion of preparedness, knowledge enhancement, improvement of structures, socio-economic improvement (economic situation enhancement and social cohesion promotion) and outstanding role of national and international non-governmental organizations.

Originality/value
Although disasters are generally unpleasant, in the long term, they can result in positive effects and may be considered as opportunities to improve the situation and eliminate certain limitations. It is also important to learn from experiences of people with disabilities and apply the lessons learned, for enhancing preparedness and providing better services in the response phase of disaster management. Additionally, paying attention to the positive attitudes of such people, with special conditions and limitations, indicates their enhanced resilience to cope with disasters and emergencies, including COVID-19, which should be taken into consideration by policymakers and planners in future programs.
Experience and the perceived efficacy of cyclone preparedness behaviour
Authors: Scovell Mitchell , McShane Connar , Swinbourne Anne 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
Cyclone preparedness activities can significantly reduce household-related property damage and the negative knock-on effects. Research has found, however, that many people do not perform these behaviours. It is, therefore, important to understand why some people do, and others do not, perform such behaviours. This paper aims to investigate whether a commonly applied psychological theory of behaviour change can explain cyclone-specific preparedness behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a cross-sectional survey design to examine the relationship between demographic factors, cyclone experience, psychological factors and preparedness behaviour. Informed by the protection motivation theory (PMT), it was hypothesised that perceived efficacy, perceived cost and self-efficacy would be the strongest predictors of preparedness behaviour. Data from 356 respondents living in a cyclone-prone region were analysed using multiple regression and mediation analysis with the PROCESS macro in SPSS.

Findings
In support of the hypothesis, it was found that perceived efficacy and perceived cost were the strongest psychological predictors of preparedness behaviour. Contradicting the hypothesis, however, self-efficacy was not a significant predictor of preparedness behaviour. Subsequent analysis indicated that people who have experienced cyclone damage perceive that preparedness measures are more effective for reducing damage, which, in turn, increases preparedness behaviour.

Originality/value
This paper provides empirical support for the application of the protective motivation theory for explaining cyclone-specific preparedness behaviour. More specifically, the results indicate that people are more likely prepare for cyclones if they perceive that preparedness activities are effective for reducing damage and are relatively inexpensive and easy to perform. The findings suggest that to promote cyclone preparedness, risk communicators need to emphasise the efficacy of preparedness and downplay the costs.
To list or not to list, that is the question: new evidence from the performance of Vietnamese commercial banks
Authors: Le Tuan Quoc , Duong Ha Ngan , Nguyen Phuong Thanh 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the decisions of listing for Vietnamese banks and the impact of listing on bank performance.

Design/methodology/approach
A longitudinal data set of 30 commercial banks in the period of 2006–2018 with various univariate and multivariate tests is used.

Findings
This study found that listing is positively associated with bank profitability. The results are consistent even after the control for potential endogeneity problems by propensity score matching methodology and Heckman selection bias models. Further analysis suggests some new alternative channels for the positive impact, namely, the increased quality of information disclosure, technological development and income diversification of commercial banks after listing.

Practical implications
Hence, this paper provides recommendations and policy implications for regulatory bodies regarding the listing of commercial banks in Vietnam.

Originality/value
The contributions to the literature are three-folds. First, this study contributes to a strand of literature on the impact of going public [initial public offering (IPO)/listing] of financial institutions on their performance. While the literature on non-financial firm performance post-going public is ample, few have directly considered the IPO/listing of banks and other financial institutions. Second, in further looking at the impact of listing on bank performance, this study also sheds some light on the new possible channels of the effect and provides evidence of new channels. Then, last but not least, the case of Vietnam could possibly yield interesting results for a transitory stock market. From the evidence, the recommendations and policy implications for a listing of Vietnamese banks are provided.