bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new methodology to evaluate housing comfort: defining a differential diagnosis matrix
Authors: Varandas C , Rosado S , Ribeiro J Tavares 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper focuses on comfort optimization methods in contemporary housing in Lisbon, Portugal. Faced with the notorious lack of comfort in buildings from different construction periods, rehabilitation appears as an opportunity to change this reality, by improving the residents’ quality of life, allowing users to control their own variables. In present times, the technological developments have simplified the diffusion of information, allowing each person to easily comprehend more complex technical contents and increasing awareness for more effective and conscious interventions. The design of a differential diagnosis matrix aims to identify and categorize problems associated with the lack of housing comfort, by relating specific constraints through rules of correspondence and by establishing a logical relationship of flow charts of interdependent and specific variables for each case. A more effective and simplified method is proposed, that will work as a tool to make the process of improving the comfort in the houses more accessible, even for the non-specialist user. Through the increase of adequate and conscious micro interventions, it is possible to create sustainable and better practices in this sector.
Business model innovation for smart, healthy buildings
Authors: Hale L A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper looks at how the building industry can use the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) - to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. The research investigates SDG3-driven business model innovation for healthy buildings and the role of smart technology innovation in realizing the goal’s implementation. It is based on an organizational ethnography of the VELUX Group and interviews from four business model innovation cases to illustrate how the industry can use SDG3 to create more sustainable and healthy buildings. The research finds that whereas SDG3 highlights the significance of human factors in the building industry, smart technologies support value creation based on formerly unmeasurable qualitative aspects like indoor health. Further, challenges to SDG3-based business model innovation underscore the need for expanded cross-sector collaboration in order to establish markets for the resultant smart, healthy building solutions. Public-private partnership for the smart and healthy renovation of public schools is identified as a promising way to stimulate wider market adoption.
The potential of the adaptive thermal comfort concept in long-term actively conditioned buildings for improved energy performance and user wellbeing
Authors: Hellwig Runa T. , Teli Despoina , Boerstra Atze 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Technological progress in conditioning practice combined with prevailing thermal comfort criteria, created stable, tightly controlled indoor temperature bands. Research shows indoor temperatures to be increasing in the heating period, leading to higher building energy use than planned. Field studies provide proof that occupants not in control of their indoor climate are more dissatisfied and report problems in wellbeing. Widening temperature bands could be an effective measure leading to energy conservation, increasing satisfaction and, as shown recently, helping to mitigate health problems related to our way of life. The adaptive approach to thermal comfort postulates that people’s thermal comfort perception adapts to the indoor and outdoor climatic conditions they normally experience. However, according to standards, the adaptive model is applicable only to passively conditioned (free-running) buildings, even though the adaptive principles may well apply also to actively conditioned buildings. Our review found studies demonstrating positive health effects and energy conservation potential in permanently or seasonally conditioned buildings. On this basis, the potential of the adaptive approach and translations into concrete design or operation solutions for actively conditioned buildings are discussed in this paper. We conclude that the adaptive concept offers a potential for indoor climate control in actively conditioned buildings in the temperate and cold climates.
Improving indoor environmental quality (IEQ) for occupant health and well-being: A case study of Swedish office building
Authors: Jin Quan , Wallbaum Holger 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) is a major domain of building conditions relating to occupant comfort, health and well-being. Especially in the office environment, IEQ can influence work productivity positively. Within the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), goal 3 good health and well-being, and goal 8 decent work and economic growth are the two areas where IEQ can significantly contribute. To better design sustainable office buildings in line with the agenda 2030, the study aims to examine occupant satisfaction, health and work in a newly renovated office building which is labelled by the BREEAM certification scheme Silver. Occupant preferences of IEQ comparing to the current conditions were also explored to provide advice for future design. The results show that occupant satisfaction with IEQ has not well achieved and in the office environment occupants prefer warmer temperature, more fresh air, less noise, and more daylight. We also find that perceived IEQ is extensively related to occupant health and work productivity. It concludes that in such a newly renovated office building as a high-performance building, there are still many problems from the indoor environments. Therefore, improvements are needed to gain occupant satisfaction and positively influence occupant health, well-being and work productivity.
Single-Stage Air Filtration of Particles and Gaseous Contaminants in Buildings: A Literature Study
Authors: Orlando Roberta , Fojan Peter , Mo Jinhan , Bergsøe Niels C. , Afshari Alireza 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A variety of air filtration technologies are commercially available for reducing particles and gaseous contaminants that may enter buildings from outside. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there is an increasing range of adverse health effects linked to air pollution, at even-lower concentration of pollutants. This article presents a short literature overview of air filtration technologies, which focus on assessing their ability in removing both particles and gaseous compounds. The aim is to provide information about current research development of air filtration technologies as well as their advantages, limitations and performance in terms of removal efficiency, pressure drop and formation of by-products. Mechanical filters and electrostatic filters are efficiently used for the removal of particles. Photocatalytic oxidant and adsorbent air filters are commonly used for gas removal. These last two types of filters are not feasible for particles removal. Air filtration using electrospun nanofiber filters have been studied, however, the performance of such filters for the removal of particles and gaseous contaminants at the same time has to be further investigated.
Numerical simulation and site measurements of ventilation efficiency for different types of air-conditioned rooms through window-opening natural ventilation
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Wang Hanqing , Xie Dong , Zhao Jinping , Sang Lixin , Wu Xiao , Xia Yuting , He Zongwu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
To study the air exchange efficiency of rooms while air conditioning equipment are running and window is open, this paper used the experiments of tracer gas CO2 to measure its concentration variations indoor after opening window. At the same time, the corresponding cases were simulated numerically with computational fluid dynamic (CFD). The experimental results showed that after opening window, the combined action of wind pressure and pressure due to the differences of the air density can cause obvious air exchange between the indoor and the outdoor. Indoor CO2 concentration was continuously reduced as proceeding of the air infiltration and there is an optimized width of window opening which resulted in a fastest decay rate of CO2 concentration. Furthermore, results of simulation and experiment indicated that larger temperature difference between the indoor and outdoor lead to faster indoor CO2 exhausted rates. Air exchange rate of air-conditioned rooms is affected by the types, opening degrees and the relative locations of the window as well. Natural ventilation by reasonable window opening can enhance the air quality if the outside air is not polluted. It should be noticed that optimized width and relative location of the window opening exist if economy is to be considered.
Active Care - Building Design for Habilitation Centers
Authors: Dumitrache O , Miedema E , Dobre C C 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper explores the building design of a Habilitation Center that promotes healthy lifestyles of people with diverse abilities. Habilitation care moves the focus of healthcare from a disease curing approach to lifelong health development. Studies show that the design of healthcare buildings can contribute to improving care and by extension, it is expected that building design can contribute to improving habilitation care. However, in practice, there is limited experience in designing habilitation facilities, particularly concerning emerging healthcare approaches such as health promotion. This paper describes the outcomes of a master thesis that was part of a pre-study for a habilitation center that focused on design strategies and solutions that stimulate physical activity for diverse users. The main research question was : In what way can building design promote active behavior for all types of building users? The study adopted a research by design approach focused on (1) understanding user needs, (2) developing design strategies, and (3) proposing a design solution. The results list several design strategies for habilitation buildings and propose how these can be implemented. These guidelines include strategies for physical movement such as indoor and outdoor exercise areas, climbing walls and access to nature. These results may support the development of the new habilitation center, while also introducing theoretical ideas and design guidelines regarding active design. The study can be used to inspire and discuss the design and development of habilitation centers specifically, and more generally healthcare buildings that adopt new care approaches such as health promotion.
Daylight and energy as active drivers in the design process of a new school in Enköping, Sweden
Authors: Shalaby M , Baker N , Dubois M C 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
With the introduction of new demands targeting net-zero energy and net zero-carbon buildings and neighbourhoods on a national level in Sweden and internationally, balancing the requirements of daylight and energy is becoming more important in the design process. In order to succeed, an effective strategy needs to be defined for utilising the right digital tools and metrics for the two factors at different times in the process, and in an integrated way. This paper presents the workflow used whilst developing the concept for a new school in Enköping, Sweden (59.633°N, 17.086°E). The analyses performed during the design process included vertical sky component, daylight factor and early-stage energy calculations. Implementing photovoltaic (PV) cells and energy-efficient lighting design were also included as part of a strategy for reducing primary energy consumption. It was found that daylight and energy can be effectively balanced if an integrated strategy is followed during early stages of the design process. National regulations can also be met, and the time required for running simulations can be reduced by a factor of three by having an effective process.
Explaining Sustainable Architecture
Authors: Donovan E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Often, we are faced with comments, such as sustainable architecture cannot be defined, we do not know what it means, or it means everything and nothing. However, what are the implications for the architectural profession if we are not able to articulate what it is, we do. The consequences of our professional lexicon go beyond being a matter of academic interest. Precise terminology in practice, especially in the early design stages and briefing process is critical, as decisions taken rely on all actors to ‘speak the same language.’ This paper presents the outcome of one of a series of studies which were developed to explore this topic. This extensive literature (content) analysis, gathers information on what sustainable architecture means and how it impacts both discourse and practice. In much of the literature examined, there is a tendency within the introduction for authors to define sustainable architecture, acknowledge that it cannot be defined, or articulate that there is not one agreed-upon definition. There is an apparent dichotomy of definitions, understandings, terminology, and language which, are all valid. This is evident through the distinct transition in terminology; development of meanings; as well as the establishment that there are multiple understandings which are person-specific. This dichotomy has potential value in that it maintains the broadness, which allows for innovative thinking and diverse responses while also acknowledging various individuals and ways of practising sustainable architecture. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the challenges concerning the lexicon of sustainable architecture; how it is defined in literature and research; as well as how that may impact the profession in the context of the current climate emergency.
New SDG refined human habitat reduces impacts, mitigates risk and inspires hope in a compact permanent infrastructure and farm system
Authors: Gene Zellmer L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Introduction: One best HOPE for humanity meeting SDG targets is to give building site owners MORE OPTIONS. Today’s cities typically TRAP URBAN DWELLERS in the local housing type with NO ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITY! This paper proposes a NEW CITY INFRASTRUCTURE with neighborhood modules of completely flexible, large two-story totally private development sites suitable for any typical urban business or 1 to 4 homes. Entrepreneurial urban dwellers may pursue any enterprise, an amazing new economic resource for individuals and cities. These vacant building sites will be built in a permanent (1000+year) multi-story infrastructure. Flexibility of space and utility raceways allow continual updating for continually changing objectives and new technology to meet SDG’s. Locals complete their city and transit link. It will function as a permanent, autonomous, Self-sustaining, compact, efficient, adaptable dwelling and farming system. Methods: Designing, building, market testing and worldwide research over 40 years proved the need for this proposal. Inspiration: Ancient stone structures occupied for hundreds of years. Flexibility and privacy make a permanent infrastructure practical. “Continual-use” reduces future housing costs 70%. This infrastructure stimulates remarkable new ownership and financial arrangements for all income levels. Results: Long term success of SDG targets ultimately depends on individuals. Options give hope and more control over their property and future. Flexibility encourages incentives to improve and increase ownership equity. This design’s hillside village qualities of dwellings overlooking daily life on their neighborhood plaza will generate common bonds overlapping many generations. Total privacy, flexibility, backyard gardens and incentives encourage entrepreneurs, combining talents, sweat equity, Self-employment, pride and hope! Conclusion: In some locations the need is already desperate. The only logical conclusion: Immediately build, test and refine this proposal. Many modules together become a city, living areas above floods, capable of reducing CO2 and totally eliminating fire or climate risk. Implementing this new urban flexibility will revolutionize future human habitats and the life of every person. Test it, discover new SDG guidelines.
No or low emissions from construction logistics – Just a dream or future reality?
Authors: Venås Christoffer , Flyen Cecilie , Fufa Selamawit Mamo , Janné Mats , Fredriksson Anna , Brusselaers Nicolas , Mommens Koen , Macharis Cathy 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Construction sites are among the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in the construction industry. Large quantities of construction materials and other resources need to be transported to, within, and from construction sites. Implementation of different construction logistics solutions can reduce the impact from construction. The objectives of this article are to map the status and present the current practice of construction logistics in Norway, and to discuss how different no or low emission construction logistics solutions can be promoted. Methods: Methods applied are a literature review including findings from the recent development of emission free construction sites and qualitative case study with interviews carried out in Norway. Results: Findings indicate that lack of regulations, specific requirements and awareness, and use of traditional methods to avoid risks are some of the challenges for minimizing impact from construction logistics. However, opportunities are also present; mainly driven by political ambitions, improved environmental requirements in public procurement tenders and market demands and ambitions for reductions in emissions and costs. Preliminary results from interviews in Norway support these findings. Conclusions: The study show that the goal of achieving no or low emission from construction site is possible through setting ambitious requirements, good planning and a close and open collaboration between involved stakeholders. Grant support: This work is part of the Joint Programming Initative (JPI) Urban Europe project “Minimizing impact of construction material flows in cities: Innovative Co-Creation”, supported by the national research councils of the participating countries (Sweden, Norway, Austria, Belgium).
Combining LCA and LCC in the early-design stage: a preliminary study for residential buildings technologies
Authors: Dejaco M C , Mazzucchelli E S , Pittau F , Boninu L , Röck M , Moretti N , Passer A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC) procedures are usually employed during the different building design phases. The first one is mainly related to the environment protection, while the second to the costs control and optimization. This paper aims to define a procedure to “translate” LCA results into an economic evaluation, typical of LCC. The goal is to support the decision-making process in the early-design phase for providing design guidance and monitoring, effectively and timely. This approach can lead to a comparison and choice among different structural technological solutions by focusing both on environmental impacts and on economic costs. LCA and LCC analyses have been carried out evaluating some construction solutions for residential buildings, considering the economic consequence of environmental impact (monetization of carbon emission). This article presents two methods: the first suggests a quantification from an economic point of view the carbon emission during the life cycle of building components through a “carbon tax”; the second one evaluates the “eco-cost” as a Virtual Pollution Prevention Cost (VPPC). Finally, the two methods were applied and compared on a case study, in order to define the possible outcomes on the building construction sector and on public policies.
Integrative decision-making strategy for fluvial neighborhoods in transition
Authors: Formery S , Laprise M , Rey E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The changing relationships between cities and their waters over the centuries lead today – after a clear sidelining of rivers in the city – to question their potential for building new interactions. Current densification objectives of the existing built fabric resonating with the protection measures against floods bring out a broad field of exploration regarding the evolution of the urban riverbanks. Within this context, the research presented here focuses on the Rhône, an emblematic territory of the regeneration of urban riverbanks. Besides the technical means of risk management in flood-prone areas, landscape, urban, and architectural issues question the project approach to adopt for the development of new fluvial neighborhoods. Furthermore, many challenges raise for the management and steering of these sites in transition. Their regeneration in sustainable fluvial neighborhoods being closely linked with the accentuation of their characteristics, the ambition of the ongoing research consists in developing an integrative decision-making strategy specific to the issues related to the transformation of the urban sites along the Rhône. In that order, three steps are applied: 1. a prospective phase on four representative study areas, 2. the development of specific city-river balance components, and 3. the experimentation of an unprecedented multi-criteria comparative evaluation approach. These tools are not only strongly interconnected but are also parts of the integrative decision-making strategy, which is the main expected output of the research.
Mainstreaming Sustainable Housing for All
Authors: Huovila P , Iyer-Raniga U 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The One Planet SBC Programme aims at sharing good policies, tools and technologies to support mainstreaming sustainable buildings and construction practices especially in emerging economies. This paper describes first the approach of the SBC Programme supporting the international frameworks. Then, SBC Trust Fund projects are presented followed by priority working themes for 2020-2022. The tools developed in the SBC programme to help improving sustainability of affordable housing are introduced more in detail. Finally, mainstreaming of sustainability in housing is discussed showcasing also other tools emphasizing emerging markets.
PM2.5 reduction performance of LEED certified buildings in Thailand
Authors: Yimprayoon C 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Recently, Thailand has faced more severe PM2.5 problem in winter season due to crop burnings and traffic problems. Nine buildings in Bangkok were examined in order to determine their performances in preventing PM2.5 into their indoor environment. Five buildings are LEED certified buildings and some of these buildings are equipped with higher performance level of air filters. Realtime handheld indoor air meters were used to collect levels of indoor PM2.5 inside the buildings compared to the outside condition. It has been found that LEED certified buildings with high performance filter (MERV13) performed better in preventing PM2.5 comparing to other buildings. However, some non-LEED certified buildings also performed good probably because of inadequate ventilation. High traffic on the ground floors also introduce higher PM2.5 level into the buildings’ common areas.