bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long term outcomes of Burch colposuspension and transobturator tape and single incision needleless (DynaMesh ® - SIS minor) for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence patients who underwent combined pelvic reconstructive surgery or hysterectomy
Authors: Akdemir Yesim , Dincer Fadime , Buyukuysal Cagatay , Ozmen Ulku , Harma Muge , Harma Mehmet Ibrahim 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) often require combined pelvic reconstructive surgeries because of shared risk factors of pelvic relaxation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacies of Burch colposuspension, the transobturator tape (TOT), and single-incision needleless (DynaMesh®- SIS minor) procedures in patients with SUI who also underwent combined pelvic reconstructive surgery or hysterectomy.
Methods: We carried out this prospective cohort study that comprising 142 patients who either underwent Burch colposuspension (n:43), TOT(n:40), or SIS(n:39) procedures along with pelvic reconstructive surgery or hysterectomy between January 2010 and July 2018. During the clinical follow-up, we analyzed the objective and subjective cure rates, improvement rates, along with failure and surgical success rates of SUI surgery. We assessed quality of life and symptom severity by Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7), Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6), Sandvik Severity Index (SSI), Surgical Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ-8), Overactive Bladder Questionnaire V8 (OAB-V8), and Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) scale scores. The primary outcome was surgical success, which was established when there was an improvement in patients or when the patients achieved objective or subjective cure, whereas secondary outcomes included intraoperative bladder injury, sling extrusion, de novo urgency, voiding dysfunction, length of hospital stay, and patient-reported outcomes in the quality of life questionnaires.
Results: Surgical success rates were higher in Burch group than SIS group and also higher in TOT group than in SIS group (88.4% vs 61.5% and 87.5% vs 61.5% respectively, p=0.003) The complaints of urinary incontinence were higher and quality of life was lower in the SIS group than in the Burch group. In terms of IIQ-7, UDI-6, OAB-V8, SSI, and SSQ-8 scores, no difference was observed between Burch and TOT groups, and TOT and SIS groups.
Conclusions: Both Burch and TOT are safe and effective procedures in patients with SUI who require additional pelvic surgeries. Although the surgical outcomes of SIS procedure in patients with SUI who underwent concomitant pelvic surgeries in our study were not promising, further randomized studies are needed to clarify these observations due to unclear data.
Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of group A streptococcus recovered from patients in Beijing, China
Authors: Li Hongxin , Zhou Lin , Zhao Yong , Ma Lijuan , Liu Xiaoyan , Hu Jin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Group A streptococcus (GAS) is an important human pathogen responsible for a broad range of infections. Epidemiological surveillance has been crucial to detect changes in the geographical and temporal variation of the disease pattern. The objective of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiological characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of GAS isolates from patients in Children’s Hospital in Beijing.
Methods: From 2016 to 2017, pharyngeal swab samples were collected from the outpatients in Children’s Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, who were diagnosed with scarlet fever. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to the distribution of conventional antibiotics and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. The distribution of the macrolide-resistance genes ( ermB, ermA, mefA ), emm (M protein-coding gene) typing, and superantigens (SAg) gene profiling were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results: A total of 297 GAS strains were collected. The susceptibility of the strains to penicillin, ceftriaxone, and levofloxacin was 100%. The rate of antimicrobial resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was 98.3% and 96.6%, respectively. The dominant emm types were emm12 (65.32%), emm1 (27.61%), emm75 (2.69%), and emm89 (1.35%). Of the 297 isolates, 290 (97.64%) carried the ermB gene, and 5 (1.68%) carried the mefA gene, while none carried the ermA gene. The most common superantigen genes identified from GAS isolates were smeZ (96.97%) , speC (92.59%), speG (91.58%), and ssa (85.52%), speI (54.55%), speH (52.19%), and speA (34.34%). Isolates with the genotype emm1 possessed speA , speC , speG , speJ , speM , ssa , and smeZ , while emm12 possessed speC , speG , speH , speI , speM , ssa , and smeZ superantigens.
Conclusions: The prevalent strain of GAS isolates in Beijing has a high antimicrobial resistance rate to macrolides; however, penicillin can still be the preferred antibiotic for treatment. The primary mechanism of resistance to erythromycin is related to the expression of ermB . The common emm types were emm12 and emm1. A correlation was established between emm and the superantigen gene. Thus, long-term monitoring and investigation of the emm types and superantigen genes of GAS prevalence are imperative.
Subjects living in an onchocerciasis focus and treated 3-monthly with ivermectin develop fewer new onchocercal nodules than subjects treated annually
Authors: Campillo Jérémy T. , Chesnais Cédric B. , Pion Sébastien D. , Gardon Jacques , Kamgno Joseph , Boussinesq Michel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Little information is available on the effect of ivermectin on the third and fourth stage larvae of Onchocerca volvulus. To assess a possible prophylactic effect of ivermectin on this parasite, we compared the effects of different ivermectin regimens on the acquisition of onchocercal nodules.Methods: We analyzed data from a controlled randomized clinical trial of ivermectin conducted in the Mbam valley (Cameroon) between 1994 and 1998 in a cohort of onchocerciasis infected individuals. The number of nodules that appeared between the start and the end of the clinical trial was analyzed, using ANOVA and multivariable Poisson regressions, between four treatment arms: 150 µg/kg annually, 800 µg/kg annually, 150 µg/kg 3-monthly, and 800 µg/kg 3-monthly. Results: The mean number of nodules that appeared during the trial was reduced by 17.7% in subjects treated 3-monthly compared to those treated annually (regardless of the dose). Poisson regression model, adjusting on subject’s age and weight, initial number of nodules and intensity of O. volvulus infection in his village of residence, confirmed that the incidence of new nodules was reduced in 3-monthly treatment arms compared to annually treatment arms, and that the dosage of ivermectin does not seem to influence this effect. Besides, the number of newly acquired nodules was positively associated with the initial number of nodules. Analysis of disappearance of nodules did not show any significant difference between the treatment groups. Conclusions: Our result suggest, for the first time in humans, that ivermectin has a partial prophylactic effect on O. volvulus. Three-monthly treatment seems more effective than annual treatment to prevent the appearance of nodules.
Regulation of RUNX3 expression by DNA methylation in prostate cancer
Authors: Yang Xin , Wang Shumei , Reheman Alimu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) is a developmental regulator, and methylation of the RUNX3 is significantly associated with the occurrence and development of carcinogenesis. Previous studies have identified an association of increased methylation level of RUNX3 in prostate cancer (PCa); however, the role and molecular mechanism underlying aberrant methylation of the RUNX3 gene in prostate tumorigenesis remain elusive. In this study, we will investigate the role of RUNX3 promoter methylation and its gene expression in PCa cells. Methods: The methylation of the RUNX3 in the promoter region in PCa cells was detected by bisulfite-sequencing PCR (BSP). Following treatment of the PCa cells with DNA methylation transferase inhibitor 5-AZA-2'-deoxycytidine (AZA), the effect on methylation level and expression of RUNX3 were analyzed by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and BSP assays. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of the demethylated RUNX3 on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of PCa cells using CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays. Using the DNA methylation transferase (DNMT3b) knockout or overexpression models, the relationship between DNMT3b and RUNX3 methylation was further assessed by qRT-PCR, Western blot and methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Results: The results indicated that the methylation level of RUNX3 in PCa cell lines was significantly higher than that of normal prostate epithelial (RWPE-1) cells. Furthermore, treatment with AZA not only promoted the demethylation of RUNX3 but also restored the mRNA and protein expression of RUNX3, and the reactivation of expression of the later exhibited its anti-tumor effects through regulation of the cycle progression in PCa cells. Moreover, DNMT3b could regulate the expression level of RUNX3 by altering the DNA methylation of the RUNX3 in PCa cells. Conclusion: RUNX3 is hypermethylated in a panel of PCa cell lines; Inhibits DNA methylation of RUNX3 could restored its gene expression, which in turn induced its anti-cancer effects. Thus, RUNX3 may serve as a novel putative molecular target gene for PCa therapy.
The association of dry eye syndrome and psychiatric disorders: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Liang Chiao-Ying , Cheang Wai-Man , Wang Chun-Yuan , Lin Keng-Hung , Wei Li-Chen , Chen Yu-Yen , Shen Ying-Cheng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Several previous studies reported a greater prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES) among patients with psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of DES in patients with psychiatric disorders (PD) using nationwide population-based data in Taiwan.
Methods
This population-based cohort study retrospectively identified patients with PD from 1997 to 2011. Patients with both PD and DES served as the DES cohort, and PD patients without DES comprised the non-DES cohort. PD was defined as a diagnosis of PD (ICD-9-CM 290-319) made by psychiatrists only, with at least three consecutive outpatient visits or at least one inpatient visit. DES was defined as a diagnosis of DES (ICD-9-CM 375.15) and a prescription for an eye lubricant (anatomical therapeutic chemical code, ATC code: S01XA). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of DES in these patients and associated risk factors.
Results
A total of 75,650 patients with PD (3,665 in the DES cohort and 71,985 in the non-DES cohort) were included in the final analysis. The majority of patients in the DES group were women (72.6%), compared the non-DES group (57.8%). The mean age of patients in the DES cohort was 62.2 ± 14.9, which was significantly older than those in the non-DES group (50.9 ± 17.5). The patients with DES had a significantly greater likelihood of having dementia, bipolar disorder, depression, and neurotic disorders. Conditional regression analyses revealed that patients with dry eye disease were more likely to have schizophrenia (OR = 1.34), bipolar disorder (OR = 1.9), depression (OR = 1.54), and neurotic disorders (OR = 1.62). In addition, patients with DES were more likely to use 1st generation anti-psychotics (OR=1.28) and had a lower risk of using 2nd generation anti-psychotics (OR=0.64)
Conclusion
The study demonstrated that among PD patients, DES is highly prevalence in certain subtypes of PD, such as depression, bipolar disorder, and neurotic disorders, after adjusting for the comorbidities.
Keywords: dry eye syndrome, psychiatric disorders, bipolar, population-based.
The synthesis of medium-long-medium structured lipid (MLM-SL) by lipase-catalyzed transesterification using palm olein and tricaprylin in packed-bed reactor (PBR)
Authors: Utama Qabul Dinanta , Sitanggang Azis Boing , Adawiyah Dede Robiatul , Hariyadi Purwiyatno 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Lipase-catalyzed transesterification between refined bleached deodorized palm olein (RBDO) and tricaprylin to produce medium-long-medium structured lipid (MLM-SL) in a packed bed reactor has been investigated. A specific sn -1,3 commercial Lipozyme TL IM was used as biocatalyst. Within this study, the progress of transesterification was monitored especially for triacylglycerol (TAG) formation with equivalent carbon number (ECN) of 32, presumably 1,3-dicapryoyl-2-oleoyl- sn -glycerol (COC). Transesterification conditions investigated were residence times ( i.e ., 15, 30, and 60 min) and enzyme loadings (2 and 4.5 g). The highest yield of ECN 32 (13%) and transesterification degree (71%) were obtained at residence time of 15 mins for both enzyme loadings. Longer residence time seemed to facilitate lipid hydrolysis over transesterification. This was indicated by the number of peaks appearing in the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chromatograms and the reduction of of fat slip melting point (SMP). Additionally, at 4.5 enzyme loading the highest productivity was obtained for one-cycle reaction. Conclusively, this study has demonstrated the potential use of packed-bed reactor with immobilized Lipozyme TL IM for continuous synthesis of MLM-SLs especially TAG ECN32.
Alkaline organosolv pretreatment of different sorghum stem parts for enhancing the total reducing sugar yields and p-coumaric acid release
Authors: Li Dandan , Long Liangkun , Ding shaojun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : The sorghum stem can be divided into the pith and rind parts with obvious differences in cell type and chemical composition, thus arising the different recalcitrance to enzyme hydrolysis and demand for different pretreatment conditions. The introduction of organic solvents in the pretreatment can reduce over-degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose, but significance of solvent addition in pretreatment of different parts of sorghum stem is still unclear. Valorization of each component is critical for economy of sorghum biorefinery. Therefore, in this study, NaOH-ethanol pretreatment condition for different parts of the sorghum stem was optimized in order to maximize p -coumaric acid release and total reducing sugar recovery. Result: Ethanol addition improved p -coumaric acid release and delignification efficiency, but significantly reduced hemicellulose deconstruction in NaOH-ethanol pretreatment. The pith and rind require different NaOH-ethanol pretreatment conditions for maximal p -coumaric acid release and xylan preservation. The p - coumaric acid release yields by optimized NaOH-ethanol pretreatment reached 94.07%, 97.24% and 95.05% from pith, rind and whole stem, respectively, which increased by 8.16%, 8.38% and 8.39% compared to those of NaOH pretreated samples. Comparatively, xylan was more resistant to be dissolved from the rind than from the pith in the same NaOH-ethanol conditions. Adding xylanase significantly enhanced the enzymatic saccharification of pretreated residues. The total reducing sugar yields after NaOH-ethanol pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis reached 84.06%, 82.29% and 84.09% for pith, rind and whole stem, respectively, which increased by 29.56%, 23.67% and 25.56% compared to those of NaOH pretreated samples. Conclusion: These results indicated that NaOH-ethanol is effective for the efficient fractionation and pretreatment of sorghum biomass. This work will help to understand the differences of different parts of sorghum stem under NaOH-ethanol pretreatment, thereby improving the full-component utilization of sorghum stem. Keywords: Sorghum stem; NaOH-ethanol pretreatment; p -coumaric acid; enzymatic hydrolysis.
Effects of Biofilm Transfer and Electron Mediators Transfer on Klebsiella quasipneumoniae sp.203 Electricity Generation Performance in MFCs
Authors: Guo Yating , Wang Guozhen , Zhang Hao , Wen Hongyu , Li Wen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Extracellular electron transfer ( EET ) is essential in improving the power generation performance of electrochemically active bacteria ( EAB ) in MFCs. Klebsiella has been proved to be an EAB capable of EET. Here, we cover the anode of MFC-1 with a layer of microfiltration membrane to block the effect of the biofilm mechanism, and then explore the EET of the electron mediator mechanism of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae sp.203 and electricity production performance of a K.quasipneumoniae sp.203-inoculated MFCs.Results: Herein, we covered the anode of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with a layer of microfiltration membrane to block the effect of the biofilm mechanism, and then explore the EET of the electron mediator mechanism of K.quasipneumoniae sp.203 and electricity production performance. In the absence of short-range electron transfer, we found that K.quasipneumoniae sp.203 can still produce certain power generation efficiency and redox activity. It was proved that in the case that EAB cannot attach to the growth anode, K.quasipneumoniae sp.203 can still perform EET through the electron mediator mechanism. To further verify the effect of electron mediators on electrochemical performance of MFCs, in the first cycle of well-functioning MFCs, the self-produced sterile supernatant was added to the different stages of electricity generation performance. We found that adding electron mediators during the rising phase, the MFCs can reach a maximum output voltage of 442mV in about 24 hours, which is about 70mV higher than MFC-Normal. Therefore, the addition of electron mediators can effectively improve the electrical performance in the stable growth stage of anode EAB in MFCs. Finally, we combined the CV analysis and HPLC-MS to analyze the anode supernatant of MFCs. It was speculated that K.quasipneumoniae sp.203 produced more than one electron mediator, which were 2,6-DTBHQ, 2,6-DTBBQ, ACNQ and DHNA.Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, the three modes of EET did not exist separately. K.quasipneumoniae sp.203 will adopt the corresponding electron transfer mode or multiple ways to realize EET according to the living environment to improve electricity generation performance.
Clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with and without history of diabetes mellitus with different stent size
Authors: Zibaeenezhad Mohammad Javad , Sayadi Mehrab , Mohammadi Seyyed Saeed , Khorshidi Soorena , Hadiyan Ehsan , Mowla Ashkan , Razeghian-Jahromi Iman 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background There are different reports on the occurrence of post-revascularization outcomes of diabetic patients in previous studies. Lesion complexity, which is reflected in stent size, influences the occurrence of outcomes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of clinical outcomes in patients with history of diabetes (hDM) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with emphasis on stent length and diameter. Methods In a retrospective single-center cohort approach, among patients with stable coronary artery disease who underwent PCI with first- and second-generation DES, subjects were included from 2003 until 2019. Outcomes including revascularization, myocardial infarction, and death, totally defined as major adverse cardiac events (MACE), were sought in follow-up phase. All the patients whether with and without hDM received aspirin and clopidogrel as DAPT for at least two years and one year, respectively. Results About 29% out of 1630 participants had hDM and 37.8% of patients who experienced MACE had hDM. Unlike age and time-to-event, there was significant difference in gender between hDM and non-hDM groups. However, no difference was seen in type of MACE between these two groups. Also, after adjusting confounder variables, there was no significant difference in MACE incidence between hDM and non-hDM groups with different stent length and diameter (different lesion length and diameter). Conclusions hDM did not affect MACE incidence significantly in different stent length and diameter. We think that using of DES supplemented by long term DAPT and tight control of glycemic status after PCI are the underlying reasons.
Orthopedic injuries due to parachute jumping in soldiers and the effect of trauma scoring systems in determining injury level: A prospective observational study
Authors: Sahin Taner , Batin Sabri 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background During parachute jumping in soldiers, minör or life-threatining majör injuries may be occur in various parts of the body. Various trauma scoring systems have been developed to determine the severity of these injuries. The aim of this study is to determine orthopedic injuries and other injuries due to parachute jumping for military training who admitted to ED and the severity of their injuries using by anatomical and physiological trauma scores (AIS and ISS), to examine applied treatment methods, their hospitalization conditions and the length of hospital stay prospectively over a 44-month period between January 2016 and August 2019. Methods 200 military personnel were included in the study, between the ages of 18-52, who were injured as a result of daytime static parachute jumping for military training. Demographic data such as age, gender, ISS trauma region classification, anatomical injury sites, AIS and ISS scores, diagnosis, treatment methods applied, hospitalization status and duration of hospitalization were examined prospectively in a total of 185 patients. Results Among 184 individuals included in the study, 184 were male and 1 was female. The most common injured body site were 33.5% foot. and the most common diagnosis was 64.3% soft tissue trauma. Considering the treatment methods applied, 51.4% was determined as medication cold application, 42.7% as splint plaster, and 5.9% as surgery. The mean ISS of the patients was 5.16 ± 3.92. The hospitalization rate of patients with a critical AIS score was significantly higher than those with a severe AIS score (p <0.001). Conclusions The use of trauma scoring systems in determining the severity of injury to patients who come to ED due to parachute injury may facilitate treatment selection. Key words: Parachuting injuries, Abbreviated Injury Scale ve Injury Severity Score