bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional study of ambulatory care services use by multimorbid patients in primary care in the light of the Andersen model
Authors: Messi Mia , Mueller Yolanda , Haller Dagmar M. , Zeller Andreas , Neuner-Jehle Stefan , Streit Sven , Burnand Bernard , Herzig Lilli 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Multimorbidity is frequently encountered in primary care and is associated with an increasing use of healthcare services. The Andersen Behavioral Model of Health Services Use is a multilevel framework classifying societal, contextual, and individual characteristics about the use of healthcare services into three categories: 1. predisposing factors, 2. enabling factors, and 3. need factors. The present study aimed to explore multimorbid patients’ use of ambulatory healthcare in terms of homecare and other allied health services, visits to GPs, and number of specialists involved. A secondary aim was to apply Andersen’s model to explore factors associated with this use. Method: In a cross-sectional study, 100 Swiss GPs enrolled up to 10 multimorbid patients each. After descriptive analyses, we tested the associations of each determinant and outcome variable of healthcare use, according to the Andersen model’s three categories : predisposing factors ( patient’s age, sex, marital status, educational level), enabling factors (health literacy (HLS EU 6), deprivation (DipCare)), and need factors (patient’s quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), treatment burden (TBQ), severity index (CIRS), number of chronic conditions and number of medications). Logistic regressions (for dichotomous variables) and negative binomial regressions (for count variables) were calculated to identify predictors of multimorbid patients’ healthcare use. Results: Analyses included 843 multimorbid patients; mean age 73.0 (SD 12.0); 48.3% men; 15.1% (127/843) used homecare; 34.9% (294/843) used other health services; median patient–GP contacts (previous year), 11 (IQR 7–16); mean number of specialist’s involved 1.9 (SD 1.4). In the complete Andersen model, not having an informal caregiver (OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.28–0.88), using more medications (OR 1.13, 95%CI 1.05–1.21), and being less independent (OR 2.47, 95%CI 1.36–4.51) were all factors positively associated with homecare services use. Social deprivation was related with a decrease in homecare services use (OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.62–0.89).” Conclusion: Multimorbid patients in primary care reported a high use of ambulatory healthcare services variably associated with the Andersen model’s factors: Healthcare use was associated with objective medical needs, but also on contextual or individual predisposing or enabling factors. These findings emphasize the importance of adapting care coordination to individual patients’ profile
Transtheoretical model-based nutritional interventions in adolescents: a systematic review
Authors: Langamer Jennifer Nakabayashi , Melo Giselle Rha-isa , Toral Natacha 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Literature has shown a tendency of inadequate eating habits among youth, consequently, nutritional interventions are required. The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) classifies individuals based on their readiness to change. This model is widely used for health education interventions and it has been associated with positive results. Purpose This review aimed to describe how the TTM has been applied to nutritional interventions for adolescents. Methods The Adolec, Google Scholar, LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, Science Direct and Web of Science databases were searched. Only full original articles written in English, Spanish or Portuguese on randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs that applied the TTM to nutritional interventions targeting adolescents were included, with no restrictions on publication date. Results The initial search yielded 3779 results, of which 13 were included. Two more articles were added after a search update, totaling 15 articles. The included adolescents were mostly recruited from schools, and the duration of the studies ranged from one month to three years. The TTM was used alone or combined with other behavior-change theories. Nine interventions had positive results. The participants in six studies progressed through stages of change or improved decisional balance. Conclusion There are some limitations related to the studies included in this review, such as the differences in design and intervention exposure time, as well as using the TTM in association with other behavior-change theories. Nevertheless, the TTM seems to be a successful strategy for nutritional intervention in adolescents. Further studies comparing the TTM with other behavior-change theories should be conducted to better understand its effectiveness.
Youth vaping and smoking and parental vaping: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Green Michael , Gray Linsay , Sweeting Helen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Concerns remain about potential negative impacts of e-cigarettes including possibilities that: youth e-cigarette use (vaping) increases risk of youth smoking; and vaping by parents may have impacts on their children’s vaping and smoking behaviour. Methods: With cross-sectional data from 3291 youth aged 10-15 years from the Understanding Society Survey, we estimated effects of youth vaping on youth smoking (ever, current and initiation in the past year), and of parental vaping on youth smoking and vaping, and examined whether the latter differed by parental smoking status. Propensity weighting was used to adjust for measured confounders and estimate effects of vaping under alternative scenarios of no vaping vs universal adoption, and vs observed vaping levels. E-values were calculated to assess the strength of unmeasured confounding influences needed to negate our estimates. Results: Associations between youth vaping and youth smoking were attenuated considerably by adjustment for measured confounders. Estimated effects of youth vaping on youth smoking were stronger comparing no use to universal adoption (e.g. OR for smoking initiation: 32.5; 95% CI: 9.8-107.1) than to observed levels of youth vaping (OR: 4.4; 0.6-30.9). Relatively strong unmeasured confounding would be needed to explain these effects. Associations between parental vaping and youth vaping were explained by measured confounders. However, estimates for parental vaping on youth smoking indicated effects, especially for youth with ex-smoking parents (e.g. OR for smoking initiation: 11.3; 2.7-46.4) rather than youth with currently smoking parents (OR: 1.0; 0.2-6.4). Relatively weak unmeasured confounding could explain these parental vaping effects. Conclusions: While results for youth vaping and youth smoking associations indicated support for underlying propensities, estimated effects still required considerable unmeasured confounding to be explained fully. However, these estimates from cross-sectional data could also be explained by smoking leading to vaping. Stronger estimates for universal vaping adoption vs observed usage, indicated that if youth vaping does increase risk of youth smoking, this effect may be stronger in the general population of youth, than among those youth who typically vape. Associations of parental vaping with youth smoking and vaping were either explained by measured confounding or could be relatively easily explained by unmeasured confounding.
Effect of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2/Hydroxyapatite on ankle fusion with bone defect in a rabbit model
Authors: Dang Le Hoang Nam , Lee Kwang-Bok 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Revision ankle-fusion surgery after a failure of total ankle arthroplasty has a problem with bone-defect management by implant removal. For the reconstruction of bone defects, autogenous bone often causes minor and major complications. Recombinant human-bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) plays essential roles in bone regeneration strategies and Hydroxyapatite (HA) is beneficial as the rhBMP-2 carrier. In this study, we evaluate whether rhBMP-2/HA can replace autogenous bone in a rabbit ankle-fusion model with distal tibia bone defect. Methods The bone defect was created in the distal tibia. The ankle fusion was performed by a cannulated screw from lateral malleolus and various treatments on bone defect. Thirty male white New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups of 10 animals on each group dependent on treatment methods as control group (no treatment into defect), auto-bone group (autogenous bone treatment), and rhBMP-2/HA group (40 μL of 1 μg/mL rhBMP-2/ 100 μL HA). Bone formation on defect and the union of the ankle joint were evaluated by X-ray, micro-CT and histological analysis at 8 weeks and 12 weeks, postoperatively. Results Radiographic assessment found the control and auto-bone groups still had the bone defect present, but rhBMP-2/HA group showed complete replacement of the defect with newly formed bone at 12 weeks. Micro-CT showed significantly higher new bone formation within the defect in the rhBMP-2/HA group than in the auto-bone and control groups at 8 weeks ( p > 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) and 12 weeks ( p < 0.05, p < 0.001, respectively). Fusion rate (%) analysis of micro-CT showed a higher percentage of union in the rhBMP-2/HA group than in the auto-bone and control groups at 8 weeks ( p > 0.05, p < 0.001, respectively) and 12 weeks ( p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The histological showed the highest osteointegration between distal tibia and talus in the rhBMP-2/HA group at 12 weeks. Conclusions This study indicated that rhBMP-2/ HA showed much better bone fusion than did the autogenous bone graft and was effective in promoting fusion rate and improving the quality of the ankle joint fusion.
Recapitulation of Particulate matter Effected Human Alveolus on Chip Inflammatory Responses
Authors: Jabbar Faiza , Kim Young Su , Soomro Afaque Manzoor , Asif Arun , Cho Young Jae , Choi Kyung-Hyun , Ho Lee Sang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Particulate matter (PM10) pollution around the globe is a major risk factor for inducing respiratory diseases, How-ever such environmental conditions are a challenge to study in trans-well culture system. Micro-physiological system offers potential for mimicking these phenomena for better understanding of possible hazards to human respiratory health. In this study we are introducing an efficient alveolus on a chip for reconstituting this environmental condition in a microfluidic device by in house built TEER sensor, system embedded pH sensor and portable microscope for continuous monitoring of the alveolus on chip. Results Three environmental conditions with respect to particulate matter in air Moderate 7.5 μg/ml , Poor 37.5 μg/ml and very poor 151 μg/ml of particulate matter exposure was executed in our microfluidic system. Our study provides physiological and toxicological data of the stimulated environmental condition by inflammatory markers of respiratory disease which leads to the identification of asthma and COPD, our claims were validated by confocal microscopy and ELISA. Significant increase in IL-13, IL-6 and Mucin advocated the incidence of asthma and COPD like conditions in our organ on chip. Conclusion This study will lead to identification of potential therapeutics to study physiological and pathological conditions and will help in preventing chronic life-threatening toxicities. This device has provided the preliminary information for making this breakthrough in organ-on-chip technology. In future his device would help to make complex tissue mimetics of human for toxicity testing and drug discovery with system integrated pathological sensors for replacing time consuming molecular analysis of pathological conditions.
Use of a Mechanism-based Toxicological Approach to Analyze the Pulmonary Pro-Fibrogenic Effects of Air Pollution PM2.5 Particulates
Authors: Cao Wei , Wang Xiang , Yan Ming , Chang Chong Hyun , Kim Joshua , Jiang Jinhong , Liao Yu-Pei , Han Pengli , Lu Pengju , Xia Tian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been known capable of causing acute and chronic respiratory inflammation such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung fibrosis. With incremental experience in the predictive toxicological approach on the potential adverse effects of nanomaterials, it is logical to explore the feasibility of using such a mechanism-based approach on PM2.5-induced lung toxicity. Results In this study, we collected a panel of eight PM2.5 samples for a comparative analysis of their pro-fibrogenic effects in the lung. These samples were collected on filters in November 2017 in Zhengzhou, Henan, China. In vitro screening shows although the PM2.5 particles did not induce significant cytotoxicity, they cause potent TNF-α and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) production in THP-1 cells as well as TGF-β1 in BEAS-2B lung epithelial cells. PM2.5 induced IL-1β production was shown to involve NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which was evidenced by the inhibited IL-1β production in NLRP3- and ASC-deficient cells and use of an inhibitor for cathepsin B, a known activation of the inflammasome through lysosomal damage pathway. Administration of PM2.5 to the lung in mice via oropharyngeal aspiration confirmed that the particles could induce TGF-β1 production in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and collagen deposition in the lung at 21 days post-exposure, suggesting PM2.5 has the potential to induce pulmonary fibrosis. The ranking of the pro-fibrogenic effects by the PM2.5 samples in vivo was consistent with that of the IL-1β production in vitro. Conclusions In summary, we demonstrate that the PM2.5 is capable of inducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and a series of cellular responses originating from the epithelial–mesenchymal trophic cell unit in the lung to induce fibrosis in vivo.
Genome-wide association studies of ionomic and agronomic traits in USDA minicore collection of rice and comparative analyses of different mapping methods
Authors: Liu Shuai , Zhong Hua , Meng Xiaoxi , Sun Tong , Li Yangsheng , Pinson Shannon R. M. , Chang Sam , Peng Zhaohua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Rice is an important human staple food vulnerable to heavy metal contamination due to its unique physiology and growth environment. High yield with low heavy metal contamination is a common but highly challenging goal for rice breeders worldwide due to lack of genetic knowledge. In this report, a comprehensive GWAS analyses for ionomic and agronomic traits based on 3,259,478 SNPs were performed using two univariate methods and two multivariate methods. Under the criterium p-value <1.53×10-8, 106, 47, and 97 QTLs were identified for ionomics in flooded environment, unflooded environment, and agronomic traits, respectively. Detailed analysis of the QTLs revealed that many of the identified QTLs are co-localized with the QTLs reported in prior ionomic and agronomic studies or posited near the genes with known functions in the related traits, suggesting that our GWAS analyses are reliable. Our results further showed that each of the four GWAS methods can identify unique as well as common QTLs. When univariate methods failed to identify QTLs for a trait, the multivariate methods frequently detected QTLs. However, when many QTLs were detected by univariate methods, the number of QTLs detected by multivariate methods were reduced in many cases. These analyses suggest that using multiple GWAS methods can complement each other in QTL identification and some methods may be more powerful with less false discovery rate. In addition, several candidate genes involved in ionomic and agronomic traits control were identified by sequence analysis of the QTL regions. This research provides novel insights into the genetic basis of both ionomic and agronomic variations in rice, establishing an important foundation for further studies on reducing heavy-metal contamination and improving crop yields.
NMR-Based metabolomic analysis of the anticancer effect of metformin on cholangiocarcinoma cells
Authors: Zhang Jin , Hang Caihua , Shao Wei , Li Wengang , Lin Donghai 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Metformin is a widely prescribed anti-diabetes drug with potential utilities for cancer therapies. Several previous studies have related metformin to the reduced risk of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), highlighting its potentialities for the treatments of CCA. Methods In this study, cell viability assay and colony formation assay were used to test the inhibition effect of metformin on Mz-ChA-1 cells. The NMR-based metabonomic analysis was conduct to compare the differences between the metformin-treated (Met) and control (Ctrl) groups of the Mz-ChA-1 cells. Significant metabolites were identified from multivariate statistical analysis of 1D 1 H-NMR spectral data, and differential metabolites were identified from the pair-wise t-test of the metabolite levels. Significantly altered metabolic pathways were identified based on characteristic metabolites which were determined by a combination of the significant metabolites and differential metabolites. Results Here, we demonstrated that metformin treatment could inhibit the proliferation of the CCA cell line Mz-ChA-1 in a dose-dependent manner. The NMR-based metabonomic analysis showed a distinct discrimination between the Met and Ctrl groups of the Mz-ChA-1 cells. Moreover, The Met group exhibited promoted glycolysis and suppressed TCA cycle compared with the Ctrl group. While metformin treatment decreased non-essential amino acids, it also increased essential amino acids and UDP-GlcNAc, implying the occurrence of autophagy and cell cycle arrest in metformin-treated CAA cells . Conclusions This work provides a mechanistic understanding of the anticancer effect of metformin on CAA, and is beneficial to the further development of metformin as an anticancer drug
Blood exosomal miRNA profiling reveals the complexity of hepatocellular carcinoma and identifies potential biomarkers as differential diagnosis
Authors: Sheng Langqing , Li Jiarong , Qin Hao , Liu Ling , Zhang Dadong , Zhang Qi , Huang Mengli , Li Xiaoli , Xu Xiaoya , Wei Yangnian , Chen Zishuo , Luo Hui , Zhang Jiyang , Zhou Chenghui , Chen Hao , Chen Zeguo , Li Fugen , Li Nianfeng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of leading causes of cancer‐related deaths worldwide, but there is a shortage of effective biomarkers for its diagnosis. We aimed to explore exosomal miRNAs as potential biomarkers for HCC diagnosis. After the eliminations, this study included 89 patients from Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between August 2017 and May 2018. The principal component analysis (PCA) analysis suggested that daily alcohol consumption could alter the blood exosomal miRNA profiles of HBV positive non-HCC patients through miR-3168 and miR-223-3p. The miRNA profiles also revealed the tumor stages of HCC patients. High expression of miR-455-5p and miR-30c-5p, which significantly correlated with better overall survival in tumor tissues, could also be detected in blood exosomes. Two pairs of miRNAs (miR-584-5p/miR-106-3p and miR-628-3p/miR-941) showed 94.1% sensitivity and 68.4% specificity to differentiate HCC patients from non-HCC patients. The specificity of the combination was substantially influenced by alcohol consumption habits. This study suggested that blood exosomal miRNAs can be used as new non-invasive diagnostic tools for HCC. However, their accuracy could be affected by tumor stage and alcohol consumption habits.
Establishment and evaluation of specific antibiotic-induced Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) model in rats
Authors: Tong Jun Guo , Qian Hai , Li Dongli , Li Jing , Chen Jing , Li Xiongfeng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Physical and chemical methods have been established for rat enteritis model, but antibiotic induction has been relatively rare. This article aims to establish and evaluate rat model of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using antibiotics.Methods: Fourteen SD rats were divided into A-G group according to the dosage and method of antibiotics, among which group A was the control group. The drug was stopped on the 7th day, the modeling period was 1-7 days, and the recovery period was 8-15 days. Half of the animals were dissected on 11 th day and the other animals were dissected on 15 th day . Record the food and water intake, body weight, and fecal weight for 2 hours on different days. Nine intestinal flora were analyzed by bacterial culture and three strains were analyzed by quantitative PCR. TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-6 and CRP in abdominal aorta blood were detected and analyzed. Colon and rectal tissues were pathologically examined for inflammation and scored.Results: Rat weight, food intake, water intake, and two-hour feces were significantly different (P = .04, .016, <. 001, .009). Compared with group A, there were significant differences in 9 kinds of flora in the experimental group (all P <.001). Bacteroides , F aecalibacterium prausnitzii , and Dialister invisus concentrations were analyzed by Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and showed significant differences in groups A, C, and F (p = .033). There were significant differences about TNF-α, IL1-β, IL-6 and CRP between the groups (P = .016, .042, .037, .012). The colonic and rectal pathological inflammation scores of other groups were significantly different from those of the control group (all P <.001).Conclusion : Specific antibiotic-induced IBD model in SD rats is feasible.
New insights on Br speciation in volcanic glasses and structural controls on halogen degassing
Authors: Louvel Marion , Cadoux Anita , Brooker Richard A. , Proux Olivier , Hazemann Jean-Louis 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The volcanic degassing of halogens, and especially of the heavier Br and I, received increased attention over the last 20 years due to their significant effect on atmospheric chemistry, notably the depletion of stratospheric ozone. While the effect of melt composition on halogen diffusion, solubility, or fluid-melt partitioning in crustal magma chambers has been thoroughly studied, structural controls on halogen incorporation in silicate melts remain poorly known, with only few studies available in simplified borosilicate or haplogranite compositions.
Here, we demonstrate that high-energy resolution fluorescence detection X-ray absorption spectroscopy (HERFD-XAS) with a crystal analyzer spectrometer (CAS) is well-suited for the study of Br speciation in natural volcanic glasses which can contain lower Br concentrations than their laboratory analogs. Especially, HERFD-XAS results in sharper and better-resolved XANES and EXAFS features than previously reported and enables detection limits for EXAFS analysis down to 100 ppm when previous studies required Br concentrations above the 1000 ppm level. XANES and EXAFS analyses suggest important structural differences between synthetic haplogranitic glass, where Br is surrounded by Na and next-nearest oxygen neighbors, and natural volcanic glasses of basaltic to rhyodacitic compositions, where Br is incorporated in at least three distinct sites, surrounded by Na, K, or Ca. Similar environments, involving both alkali and alkaline earth metals have already been reported for Cl in Ca-bearing aluminosilicate glass and our study thus underlines that the association of Br with divalent cations (Ca2+) has been underestimated in the past due to the use of simplified laboratory analogs. Overall, similarities in Cl and Br structural environments over a large array of compositions (46–67 wt% SiO2) suggest that melt composition alone may not have a significant effect on halogen degassing and further support the coupled degassing of Cl and Br in volcanic systems.