bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of two approaches to Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy: lateral transperitoneal versus posterior retroperitoneal approach
Authors: Lu Youyi , Li Qi , Li Lin , Wang Hongtao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background:Even though many studies have reported comparisons of the lateral transperitoneal adrenalectomy (LTA)and posterior retroperitoneal adrenalectomy (PRA) approaches,the conclusions were inconsistent.This meta-analysis aims at a systematic assessment of LTA and PRA.Methods:We searched MEDLINE, Pubmed, and Embase database and finally obtained 19 studies published since January 2009.Systematic review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses. RevMan 5.3(Cochrane Collaboration) was used for data analysis.Results:19 studies were included in the meta-analysis.The clinical characteristics of the 2 groups were similar(age, BMI, proportion of right sided, proportion of bilateral lesions,and previous abdominal surgery).There was slightly higher heterogeneity in proportion of male patients (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.97, P = 0.01) and size of the tumor (MD 0.62, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.08, P = 0.008).The results confirmed that the PRA group was superior to LTA group regarding shorter operative time (MD 17.54, 95% CI 9.67 to 25.40, P < 0.0001),lower estimated blood loss (MD 37.75, 95% CI 18.08 to 57.41, P = 0.0002), shorter hospital stay (MD 1.19, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.63, P < 0.00001) and shorter time to first oral intake(MD 0.48, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.86, P =0.01).There were no statistically significant differences between LTA and PRA regarding overall complication(OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.97, P = 0.08),conversion to open laparotomy (OR 1.16, 95% CI 0.63 to 2.16, P = 0.63) or blood transfusion(OR 2.22, 95% CI 0.51 to 9.57, P = 0.28) .Conclusion:This meta-analysis suggests that PRA has more advantages over LTA,such as shorter operative time,lower estimated blood loss,shorter hospital stay and shorter time to first oral intake.And there were no statistically significance between LTA and PRA in terms of postoperative outcomes(total complications, conversion rates and blood transfusion).
Dynamic change of gut microbiota in the male bee of Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Li Kai , Wang Liuhao , Zhang Zhengyi , Guo Yulong , Guo Jun , Chen Yanping , Zhuang Daohua , Li Jilian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe gut microbiota play a key role in the development and health of bumble bees. Male bees are important for the reproductive activity of a colony, yet there are few studies on their gut microbiota. ResultsBy using qPCR, we found there are significant changes in total bacteria and six important bacteria genera from different developmental stages compared to workers bees. The results indicate that Gilliamella , Snodgrassella , and Lactobacillus are the dominant gut bacteria in male bees, which is consistent with the previous studies in worker bees, however, there are more total bacteria in male bees. Another gut bacteria genus, Bacillus may be a probiotic bacteria for reproduction in male bees, although the possible function of these bacteria require further study. ConclusionsThis research can provide insight into the relationship between the bacterial community and the physiological health and reproductive capacity of male bumble bees.#Authors contributed equally to this work.
The reflection on an AIDS patient with asymptomatic COVID-19
Authors: Yang Rongrong , Gui Xien , Gao Shicheng , Mo Pingzheng , Ke Hengning , Zhang Yongxi , Xiong Yong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We reported the process of exposure, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and prognosis of an AIDS patient with asymptomatic COVID-19. In our report, we found the asymptomatic is still shedding virus for at least 29 days. Therefore, we suggested that for individuals who had close contact with diagnosed or suspected COVID-19 patients, in addition to isolation, medical observation, and further related testing if clinical symptoms appear in the observation period, it is best to collect nasopharyngeal and throat swab specimens and test for COVID-19 nucleic acid as early as possible. The purpose of this active detection is to screen out COVID-19 asymptomatic patients, and to avoid further transmission through recessive source of infection. Our findings will facilitate understanding of asymptomatic COVID-19 and improve prevention strategies against COVID-19 transmission.
Inferring Grasp Intentions from Arm Trajectories via Deep Learning to Enable Functional Movement in Quadriplegia
Authors: Bhagat Nikunj , King Kevin , Ramdeo Richard , Bouton Chad 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Cervical spinal cord injury severely affects grasping ability of its survivors. Fortunately, many individuals with quadriplegia retain residual arm movements that allow them to reach for objects. We propose a wearable technology that utilizes pattern recognition and deep learning methods to automatically classify arm trajectories and infer grasping intentions. Further, this technology can enable individuals with SCI to grasp objects without assistance via neuromuscular stimulation. Methods Two cervical SCI participants performed various reaching movements and smooth trajectories in space, which were recorded using an inertial sensor worn on their wrist. Time series classifiers were trained to recognize the trajectories using either a Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm or a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural network. Successful trajectory prediction in real-time was demonstrated using DTW, which when used in combination with a high density neuromuscular stimulation sleeve with textile electrodes, enabled participants to perform functional grasps. Results In offline comparisons, LSTM (mean accuracies 98% and 99%) performed significantly better than DTW (mean accuracies 94% and 83%) for both 2D and 3D reaching movements, respectively. Type I and II errors occurred more frequently for DTW (up to 38% and 15%, respectively), whereas it stayed under 3% for LSTM. Also, DTW achieved online accuracy of 79 ± 5%. Conclusions We demonstrate the feasibility of inferring grasping intention from reaching trajectories using wearable sensors. Importantly, this technology can be successfully used to control neuromuscular stimulators and restore functional independence to individuals living with paralysis. Trial registration: NCT, NCT03385005. Registered September 26, 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03385005
Grip Strength in Adults and Children with Cystinosis
Authors: Iyob-Tessema Helina , Wang Chia-Shi , Kennedy Sabina , Reyes Loretta , Shin Stella , Greenbaum Larry , Hogan Julien 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with impaired muscle strength. Cystinosis patients have increased risk for impaired muscle strength due to early development of CKD and cystinosis-induced myopathy. This study assesses muscle strength in cystinosis patients and investigates risk factors of decreased muscle strength. Methods: Adult and pediatric patients were recruited from Cystinosis Research Network conferences and a large pediatric nephrology clinic between 2017 and 2019. Patients and caregivers completed questionnaires on demographic characteristics, disease course, daily physical activity, and neuro-muscular symptoms. Grip strength was assessed using a dynameter and calculated z-scores for age and sex were assessed for associations with patient characteristics. Results: We included 76 patients with a mean grip strength z-score of -2.1 (SD 1.1), which was lower than seen in CKD patients without cystinosis. Male sex and delayed cysteamine initiation were independently associated with impaired grip strength. Among adults, a low level of physical activity was associated with lower grip strength z-score, but no association was found in children. A third of the patients reported neuro-muscular symptoms, with swallowing issues associated with lower grip strength. There was no significant correlation between eGFR and grip strength z-score. Conclusion: Cystinosis patients have impaired muscle strength compared to healthy controls and CKD patients. This impairment is greater in male patients and in patients with late initiation of cysteamine therapy, and is associated with lower physical activity. Further studies investigating the effect of different types of physical activities, optimizing cysteamine therapy and other interventions are needed.
Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome in Neonates: Report of Fourteen New Cases and A Review of the Literature
Authors: Mei Mei , Yang Lin , Lu Yulan , Wang Laishuan , Cheng Guoqiang , Cao Yun , Chen Chao , Qian Liling , Zhou Wenhao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by pathogenic variants in PHOX2B gene. Characteristics of neonatal-onset CCHS cases have not been well assessed. Our study aimed to expand current knowledge of clinical and genetic features of neonates with CCHS and provide data on the genotype-phenotype correlation.Methods: We made a retrospective analysis of 14 neonates carrying PHOX2B pathogenic variants from 2014 to 2019 and we reviewed previously published neonatal-onset cases. Clinical and genetic data were analyzed. Moreover, genotype-phenotype correlation analysis was performed.Results: We identified a total of 60 cases with neonatal-onset CCHS including 14 novel cases from our local cohort. Nearly 20% (18.2%, 10/55) of the patients were born prematurely. Nearly half (46.2%, 18/39) of the patients had abnormal family history. Polyhydramnios was observed in 21.3% (10/47) of the patients. About 90% of the patients manifested hypoventilation in the first week. Forty-six (76.7%) patients were classified as severer-CCHS. Gastrointestinal manifestations were observed in 71.7% of the patients. Approximately twofold more males than females were affected by Hirschprung disease (HSCR)/variant HSCR (75.8% vs 35%, P=0.003). Neural crest tumor occurred in 9.1% (4/44) patients. Half patients had PARMs in PHOX2B and the left had 23 distinct non-PARMs (NPARMs) with one novel variant (c.684dup). The prevalence of HSCR and mild-CCHS among patients with NPARMs was significantly greater than that of the patients with PARMs.Conclusions: This report provides a large cohort of neonatal-onset CCHS cases. The results indicate that severe hypoventilation and HSCR are frequently observed in this group. NPARMs accounted for half of the cohort with some genotypes tend to be associated with mild phenotype. Molecular testing in suspicious neonates and genetic counseling for CCHS families are highly recommended.
Health status of female Moldovan immigrants to Italy by health literacy level and age group: a descriptive study
Authors: Buja Alessandra , Vianello Francesca Alice , Zaccagnini Federica , Pinato Carlo , Maculan Pietro 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Migration flows from Eastern Europe to Italy have been large and continue to grow. The purpose of this study was to examine the health status of a population of Moldovan immigrant women, and their access to health care services in northern Italy, by age group and health literacy level. Methods: We administered an ad-hoc questionnaire to adult Moldovan women to assess their lifestyles, self-reported health status (symptoms and diseases), access to health services, and health literacy. Then, using descriptive statistics, we compared our data with findings for a sample of Italian women of the same age living in the north-east of the country. Results: Our sample included 170 Moldovan women (aged 46.5 ± 12.3) in five occupational categories: home care workers (28.2%); cleaners (27.1%); health care workers (5.9%); other occupations (28.8%); and unemployed (10%). Active smokers were twice as prevalent among the women with a low health literacy. Health literacy level also determined access to healthcare services: women with a higher health literacy tended to use scheduled health services and screening programs, while those with a lower health literacy relied more on emergency health services. For all age groups, the Moldovan sample reported a higher prevalence of allergies, lumbar disorders and depression than the Italian controls. Conclusions: The reported prevalence of some diseases was higher among Moldovan immigrant women than among Italian resident women. Health literacy was associated with the immigrant women’s lifestyle and the use of health care services, as previously seen for the autochthonous population.
A Novel Trajectory Tracking Control Strategy for Underactuated Quadrotor UAV with Uncertainties and Disturbances
Authors: Han Jiang , Yang Siyang , Xia Lian , Chen Ye-Hwa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this research, a novel position trajectory tracking control architecture has been constructed for an underactuated quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with uncertainties and disturbances. Primarily, we divide the whole dynamic system into an underactuated position subsystem and a fully-actuated attitude subsystem. For the position subsystem, we have transformed it into a fully-actuated system by constructing a virtual PD controller, and this controller can render the position tracking error asymptotically stable. Besides, based on the position controller designed for quadrotor UAV, the desired attitudes, i.e. roll, pitch and yaw angles, will be derived. Next, as for the attitude subsystem which is sensitive to uncertainties and external disturbances, a novel robust attitude constraint-following controller is proposed for this aircraft, this attitude controller can not only guarantee the uniform boundedness and uniform ultimate boundedness of constraint deviation, but also does not requiring more information of uncertainties and disturbances except their bounds. Eventually, the simulations have demonstrated a sound tracking performance of our proposed control strategy for quadrotor UAV even in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances.
Clinical Significance of MicroRNA-155 Regulated Autophagy and Apoptosis by targeting gene Rictor/Fos in Gastric Cancer Progression
Authors: Chen Gang , Li Yu , Ren Zhijian , Gu Yanmei , Tang Futian , Mao Jie , Zhu Junmin , Wang Ling , Li Yumin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Microrna-155 plays an important role in the pathogenesis, progression and treatment of various cancers. It is abnormally expressed in gastric cancer, but its expression level, mechanism and significance are controversial in different studies. So we make the study to explore the expression level, significance and mechanism of microRNA-155 on gastric cancer. METHODS Target genes of microRNA-155 in TargetScan and mirDB databases were analyzed by Wayne Mapping, Enrichr database, String database, TIMER database. Forty-three pairs of cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were collected to extract total RNA and protein. Expression of MicroRNA-155, Rictor, Fos, Beclin1, LC3, caspase3 and caspase9 were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. The relationship between gene expression and clinicopathological factors were analyzed. SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 700 (miRDB) and 556 (TargetScan) target genes were obtained and 280 genes were in the intersection of Wayne Mapping, 49 of them had a target score of 90 or more. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that they were related to autophagy or apoptosis pathway. Rictor and Fos were selected as research objects. Thirty-two cases showed high microRNA-155 expression (group H) and 11 cases showed low expression (group L). Twelve patients had high Rictor expression and 31 patients had low expression; Thirteen cases had roughly normal Fos expression and 30 cases had low or negative expression; Thirty-three cases had high Beclin1/LC3 expression and 10 cases had low expression; Ten cases had high caspase3/caspase9 expression and 33 cases had low expression. According to the results of immunohistochemistry and western blot, Rictor, Fos, caspase3 and caspase9 were low expressed while Beclin1 and LC3 were high expressed in group H. However, all the six genes had no significant difference in group L. CONCLUSIONS The abnormal expression of microRNA-155 may indicate the occurrence of gastric cancer and its expression level is negatively correlated with clinical stage of cancer. The down-regulated expression of Rictor and Fos, enhancement of autophagy and weakening of apoptosis may be related to the over-expression of microRNA-155. MicroRNA-155 may promote the progression of gastric cancer by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis.
The profile of hematinic deficiencies in patients with oral lichen planus: a case-control study
Authors: Bao Zhe-xuan , Yang Xiao-wen , Shi Jing , Wang Yufeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common mucocutaneous disorder, its causative factors and pathogenesis still remain obscure. The existing studies on the association between hematinic deficiencies and OLP are limited and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to assess the hematinic deficiencies in a cohort of OLP patients and evaluate the correlation between hematinic deficiencies and OLP.

Methods

236 OLP patients and 226 age-and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The levels of hemoglobin (Hb), serum folate, vitamin B12 and ferritin were measured and compared between OLP patients and healthy controls. REU (reticular/hyperkeratotic, erosive/erythematous, ulcerative) scoring system was adopted and compared between the OLP patients with and without hematinic deficiencies. The correlation between hematinic deficiencies and OLP was analyzed.

Results

The frequencies of serum ferritin and vitamin B12 deficiency in OLP patients were both significantly higher than those of the healthy controls. According to gender and age, the profiles of hematinic deficiencies in OLP patients were significantly different. As for REU score, no significant difference existed between OLP patients with and without hematinic deficiencies. Both serum ferritin deficiency and serum vitamin B12 deficiency were significantly correlated with OLP.

Conclusions

The present study suggested a significant association between hematinic deficiencies and OLP. Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 levels in OLP patients should be monitored routinely. In the case of hematinic deficiencies, appropriate supplementation therapy is necessary. Further studies are warranted to explore the interactions between OLP and hematinic deficiencies.
Three-dimensional evaluation of mid-facial soft tissue changes after expansion using micro-implant-supported maxillary skeletal expander
Authors: Nguyen Hieu , Shin Jeong Won , Giap Hai-Van , Kim Ki Beom , Chae Hwa Sung , Kim Young Ho , Choi Hae Won 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to assess the mid-facial soft tissue changes induced by a micro-implant-supported maxillary skeletal expander in late adolescents and young adults by cone-beam computerized tomography and the correlations between hard and soft tissue changes after expansion with maxillary skeletal expander.Subjects and methods Twenty patients with maxillary transverse deficiency treated with maxillary skeletal expander were selected. Cone-beam computerized tomography images taken before and after expansion were superimposed to measure the changes in soft and hard tissue landmarks.Results Anterior nasal spine, posterior nasal spine, and alveolar bone width were significantly increased after expansion with maxillary skeletal expander (p < 0.05). The average lateral movement of the cheek points was 1.13 ± 0.33 mm (left) and 1.41 ± 0.39 mm (right), while that of the alar curvature points was 1.07 ± 0.72 mm (left) and 1.06 ± 0.68 (right) (p < 0.05). The average forward displacement of the cheek points was 0.42 ± 0.66 mm (left) and 0.60 ± 0.58 mm (right), whereas that of the alar curvature points was 0.80 ± 0.67 mm (left) and 0.68 ± 0.56 mm (right) side (p < 0.05). The average downward movement of the subnasale was 0.40 ± 0.37 mm (p < 0.05). The changes in cheek points and alar curvature points on both sides significantly correlated with hard-tissue changes (p < 0.05).Conclusions Maxillary expansion using maxillary skeletal expander resulted in significant lateral and forward movement of soft tissues of the cheek and alar curvature points on both sides and correlated with the maxillary suture opening at the anterior and posterior nasal spines.
Characteristics of cytokines in regeneration of injured peripheral nerves
Authors: Zhang Ruirui , Chen Sailing , Shen Yinying , Yi Sheng , Xu Hui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Cytokines are essential cellular modulators of a variety of physiological and pathological activities, including peripheral nerve repair and regeneration. However, the molecular changes of these cellular mediators during peripheral nerve regeneration are not well clarified. The study is aimed to discover critical cytokines for the regenerative process of injured peripheral nerves. Methods The sequencing data of the injured nerve stumps and the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats subjected to sciatic nerve (SN) crush injury was analyzed to determine expression patterns of genes coding for cytokines. PCR experiments were used to validate the accuracy of sequencing data. Results A total of 46, 52, and 54 upstream cytokines were differentially expressed in SNs at 1 day, 4 days, and 7 days after nerve injury. And a total of 25, 28, and 34 upstream cytokines were differentially expressed in DRGs at these time points. The expression patterns of some essential upstream cytokines were displayed in a heatmap and validated by PCR experiment. Bioinformatic analysis of these differentially expressed upstream cytokines after nerve injury demonstrated that inflammatory and immune responses were significantly involved. Conclusions In summary, the findings provided an overview of the dynamic changes of cytokines in SNs and DRGs at different time points after rat nerve crush injury, elucidated the biological processes of differentially expressed cytokines, especially the important roles in inflammatory and immune responses during peripheral nerve repair and regeneration, and thus might contribute to identification of potential treatments for peripheral nerve repair and regeneration.