bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning‐Assisted Hybrid Package of White Light‐Emitting Diodes Employing Quantum Dots and Phosphor
Authors: Gao Fengyun , Yang Hao , Tong Changdong , Lu Yijun , Chen Zhong , Guo Weijie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhite light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs), known for their high brightness, high efficiency, and long lifetime, are widely utilized in the backlight of liquid crystal displays. However, it is still difficult to improve the color gamut of WLEDs while maintaining the L50 lifetime. The luminous characteristics of WLEDs employing different combinations of quantum dots and phosphor are investigated in this work. Additionally, investigations on the L50 lifetime for WLEDs are carried out by employing a two‐step accelerated stress method. Finally, an ensemble machine learning model is proposed to predict the L50 lifetime of WLEDs, achieving high predictive accuracy with R2 of 0.986.
Excitation Wavelength Regulated Dynamic Luminescence in Bi/Sb co‐Doped Tin Halide for Encrypted Information Transmission and High‐Sensitivity Wavelength Sensor
Authors: Chang Jianglong , Xu Sai , Gao Yuefeng , Li You , Wang Yichao , Yu Hongquan , Cao Yongze , Zhang Xizhen , Chen Baojiu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe coordination structure of Sb3+ within the host lattice critically influences its photophysical properties, sparking interest in luminescent metal halides with multiexciton emissions. Furthermore, the multi‐coordination lattice structure of Sb3+ dynamically emits light with excitation wavelength, highlighting the potential of Sb3+ ions in tuning luminescence and developing advanced optoelectronic materials. Herein, Sb3+ ions are successfully doped into Cs2SnCl6, and the obvious excitation wavelength‐dependent emission of Cs2SnCl6: Sb at room temperature is observed. To explain this phenomenon, density functional theory (DFT) calculations and time‐resolved spectra are conducted to confirm that the emission originated from two luminescence centers associated with the [SbCl6]3− and [SbCl5]2− coordination. Based on the tunable emission of Cs2SnCl6: Sb and the effective electron transfer between two triplet self‐trapped exciton states induced by Bi3+ and Sb3+, a pixelated code for information encryption is designed. The encoded patterns exhibit color changes under different UV wavelengths, enabling secure and straightforward information encryption. Furthermore, a sensitive UV wavelength sensor is prepared based on Cs2SnCl6: Bi/Sb, exploiting the monotonic relationship between chromaticity coordinates and wavelength, achieving a resolution superior to previously reported wavelength sensors. This study marks a substantial step toward advancing the multifunctional application of lead‐free metal halides.
A Tetrahydropyran‐Based Weakly Solvating Electrolyte for Low‐Temperature and High‐Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Zezhuo , Liao Yaqi , Ji Haijin , Lin Xing , Wei Ying , Hao Shuaipeng , Hu Xueting , Yuan Lixia , Huang Zhimei , Huang Yunhui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEther‐based electrolytes show great potential in low‐temperature lithium metal batteries (LMBs) for their low viscosity and decent reduction stability. However, conventional ethers with multidentate chelate sites suffer from low oxidation stability and high desolvation energy barrier due to the strong coordination between oxygen and Li+. Herein, cyclic tetrahydropyran (THP) with a unidentate site is designed as a solvent, and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and lithium nitrate (LiNO3) serve as additives for low‐temperature LMBs. The cyclic strain and unidentate chelate effect endow THP with a weak affinity to Li+ ions, which accelerates Li+ desolvation process and induces the anion‐derived electrode/electrolyte interface at low temperature. The formed inorganic‐rich interface further improves the oxidation stability and expedites the interfacial ion transportation. As a result, the assembled Li‐LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cell stably cycles with 87% capacity retention after 100 cycles at −40 °C and 4.5 V. The 2.7 Ah Li‐NMC811 pouch cell with an energy density of 403 Wh kg−1 delivers 53% of the room‐temperature capacity at −50 °C. This work reveals that regulating the chelate site of solvents can well optimize the electrolytes to realize low‐temperature LMBs.
CO2 Electroreduction to Multicarbon Products Over Cu2O@Mesoporous SiO2 Confined Catalyst: Relevance of the Shell Thickness
Authors: Wang Yanan , Lai Wenchuan , Tao Haolan , Qiao Yan , Chen Xuli , Lian Cheng , Ge Jingjie , Li Jiong , Huang Hongwen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDespite the advantage of high carbon utilization, CO2 electroreduction (CO2ER) in acid is challenged by the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Designing confined catalysts is a promising strategy to suppress HER and boost CO2ER, yet the relationship between the confined structure and catalytic performance remains unclear, limiting rational design. Herein, using Cu2O@mesoporous SiO2 core‐shell catalysts as a well‐defined platform, a volcano‐shaped relationship is found between the thickness of mesoporous SiO2 layer and productivity of multicarbon (C2+) products in CO2 electroreduction. The optimal shell thickness of 15 nm is identified, with in situ spectroscopies and theoretical simulations attributing this to the trade‐off between the local alkalinity and CO2 concentration, arising from the nanoconfinement effect. At this optimal thickness, the Cu2O@ mesoporous SiO2 catalyst achieves a C2+ Faradaic efficiency of 83.1% ± 2.5% and partial current density of 687.8 mA cm−2 in acidic electrolytes, exceeding most reported catalysts. This work provides valuable insights for the rational design of confined catalysts for electrocatalysis.
Fluorescent imaging agents for mapping temperature field and capillary flow on the surface of volatile solvent
Authors: Gu Hao , Wan Sibo , Lu Sheng , Chen Yahui , Wang Fang , Zheng Shiyue , Li Yourong , Chen Xiaoqiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe understanding of thermocapillary convection is important in both fundamental and industrial aspects. However, efficient tools that can provide dynamic details of the convective flows are still lacking. Here, we discovered a unique phenomenon of photoinduced fluorogenic shift of HDPI derivatives in chloroform and utilized this trait to map the temperature field and capillary flow on the surface of or inside volatile chloroform with a high spatial resolution and a long observation window. By inducing a proper co‐imaging agent that enhanced the fluorescence contrast via generating more distinguishable chromaticity, the fluorescence‐based method exhibited further enhanced imaging resolution and elongated observation time, facilitating the continuous monitoring of temperature field and capillary flow. This work presents a powerful tool to study the behaviors of fluid (thermo‐)dynamics.
Chemometrics of the Seasonal Influence on Chemical Composition, Yield, Antioxidant Capacity, and Anti‐Candida Activity of Alpinia nutans Essential Oil Growing in the Brazilian Amazon Region
Authors: de Figueiredo Raphael O. , Vilhena Ester Caroline S. , Santos Daniel Barbosa , Cesar Kellyane Karen F. A. , Sarrazin Sandra Layse F. , Mourão Rosa Helena V. , Setzer William N. , da Silva Joyce Kelly R. , Figueiredo Pablo Luis B. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAlpinia nutans (L.) Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) is used in folk medicine as an antiviral, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant. This study aimed to evaluate the seasonality effects on the yield, chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and anti‐Candida activity of the A. nutans essential oil (EO). The specimen was collected monthly for 1 year in Belém, Pará, Brazil. The leaf EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and the antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH and β‐carotene/linoleic acid. The EO yield showed no significant difference between dry (1.80% ± 0.29) and rainy (1.75% ± 0.11) seasons. The main chemical constituents identified in the EOs were terpinen‐4‐ol (13.93%–23.14%), 1,8‐cineole (15.83%–18.43%), and p‐cymene (14.41%–20.16%). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) showed three groups with major constituents in different proportions. None of the samples showed significant inhibition in the DPPH and β‐carotene/linoleic acid antioxidant method. Analyzing the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), the samples from dry and rainy seasons showed high activity against strains of Candida albicans (MIC 5 mg/mL; MFC 10 mg/mL), Candida parapsilosis (MIC 2.5 mg/mL; MFC 10 mg/mL), and Candida tropicalis (MIC 10 mg/mL; MFC 10 mg/mL). There were only quantitative variations in the chemical composition of A. nutans EO. The anti‐Candida potential of the EO was also not influenced by seasonality. The A. nutans EO may be promising to produce anti‐Candida phytopharmaceuticals. However, the chemical variability of this species throughout the year should be considered for this purpose.
Inferring Distant Relationships From Dense SNP Data Utilizing Two Genealogy Algorithms
Authors: Lin Xinyi , Han Shuang , Zhang Nan , Ling Xiaohua , Bai Zhaochen , Ou Xueling 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA highly esteemed method known as investigative genetic genealogy (IGG) has been developed to identify DNA samples from forensic crime scenes and human remains of disaster victims. With the advent of next‐generation sequencing, it is now feasible to access information on millions of SNPs typed in a single sequencing run that fulfill the requirements for kinship inference. However, challenges such as the poor quality of forensic samples, the high cost associated with sequencing technology, and privacy concerns regarding large‐scale genetic databases remain unresolved in this field. In the present study, we validated the identification of relationships up to the seventh degree using two genealogy algorithms (IBIS and KING) under various parameter settings. This was accomplished through whole genome sequencing data derived from two southern Chinese Han pedigrees during an initial phase, while also exploring workflows adapted for low‐quality samples. To achieve this objective, low‐coverage whole genome sequencing data were downsampled from high‐coverage original datasets; additionally, mimic SNP array data—containing less information but offering greater accessibility—were prepared as reference samples. Through a series of experimental analyses, we not only validate the applicability of selected processing procedures and inference tools for low‐coverage samples but also proposed that a meticulously crafted site filtering strategy can significantly improve the accuracy of kinship identification. This acknowledges the necessity for further systematic evidence in future research endeavors.
Investigating the reasons behind a later or missed diagnosis of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young people: A population cohort study
Authors: Barclay Isabella , Sayal Kapil , Ford Tamsin , John Ann , Taylor Mark J. , Thapar Anita , Langley Kate , Martin Joanna 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition, more often diagnosed in males. In many individuals, particularly females, ADHD is diagnosed later or missed, the reasons for this are not fully understood. Timely diagnosis is needed to provide support, management, and treatment to improve outcomes. This study aimed to understand why some young people with ADHD experience later or missed diagnosis and to consider sex differences.MethodsThis study included 9991 (females = 43.69%) individuals from the Millenium Cohort Study, a UK based population study which defined recognised ADHD by a parent‐reported clinician diagnosis, and unrecognised ADHD by parent‐reported questionnaires. Behavioural and emotional difficulties, engagement in leisure activities, and parental characteristics, were compared between those recognised earlier (by ages 5/7, n = 264, f = 19.3%) versus later (by ages 11/14, n = 260, f = 21.2%), and those recognised (n = 524, f = 20.2%) versus unrecognised (n = 1,138, f = 38.7%) using logistic regression, with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) analysed. Sex differences were investigated with an interaction analysis.ResultsThose recognised with ADHD earlier had more peer, conduct, and emotional problems, emotional dysregulation, lower cognitive ability, and poorer prosocial skills compared with those recognised later, ORs ranged from 0.27 (95% CI = 018, 0.41) to 1.20 (95% CI = 1.20, 1.32). Similar findings were seen when comparing those with recognised and unrecognised ADHD; ORs ranged from 0.11 (95% CI = 0.09, 0.15) to 1.31 (95% CI = 1.19, 1.43). Additionally, those recognised were more likely to have diagnosed autism and have less reported physical activity. Sex stratification showed that recognised males had higher emotional dysregulation than unrecognised males, but this was not seen in females.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the need to consider ADHD referral, regardless of cognitive and prosocial ability or comorbidities, if children are displaying ADHD symptoms. Additionally, symptoms of ADHD not traditionally included in screening criteria, such as emotional dysregulation, should be considered to improve gender‐inclusive recognition of ADHD.
Evaluation of teaching cognitive bias to dental students during the transition to independent dental practice
Authors: Nakhapaksirat Dechsak 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectivesCognitive bias is an increasingly important topic in healthcare education, though its significance in dental education remains underexplored. Ensuring that dental students learn more about cognitive bias to enhance dental care is challenging. This study aimed to evaluate dental students’ perceptions of the value of teaching cognitive bias awareness in independent practice.MethodsThe content of cognitive biases, along with related theories and debiasing strategies, was delivered through interactive lectures in April 2022 and May 2024 to final‐year dental students transitioning to independent dental practice at Mahidol Dental School. At the end of the session, students’ perceptions of the benefits of cognitive bias awareness in dental practice were assessed using an online questionnaire via Google Form. Students also provided feedback on the lecture through the same questionnaire.ResultsSeventy‐six dental students completed the questionnaire (55.47% response rate). Students reported gaining greater knowledge and understanding of cognitive biases, with most expressing satisfaction with the teaching format (interactive lecture with case discussions). They noted that they could apply debiasing strategies in their future practice to minimize clinical errors, enhance clinical reasoning and decision‐making skills, and provide better patient care. Students also recommended incorporating cognitive bias awareness into both undergraduate and postgraduate dental curricula.ConclusionCognitive bias awareness is an important topic that should be integrated into dental education before students begin independent dental practice. Debiasing strategies can help dental students and practitioners reduce clinical errors and improve the quality of dental care.
Inhibition of fibulin‐3 ameliorates periodontal inflammation through reducing M1 macrophage polarization via EGFR/PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Mu Hailin , Yang Beining , Wang Yan , Wang Shuo , Yu Wenqian , Jia Meie , Dong Wei , Wang Xinyi , Xu Xiaoxiao , Dong Zhipeng , Yang Baochen , Li Xuemei , Wang Jiawei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the role of fibulin‐3 (FBLN3) in macrophage polarization, its mechanism, and its effect on periodontitis.MethodsWe conducted studies on periodontitis using both clinical samples and ligature‐induced mouse periodontitis model. The inflammatory state was assessed using microcomputed tomography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining, and immunofluorescence staining. In vitro, bone marrow‐derived macrophages, and RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin (IL)‐4 to induce polarization. The role of FBLN3 in macrophage polarization was investigated using overexpression plasmids or siRNAs. Furthermore, local injection of adeno‐associated virus was employed to suppress FBLN3 expression in periodontal tissues.ResultsFBLN3 levels were greater in periodontitis tissues. FBLN3 promoted M1 polarization and suppressed M2 polarization in macrophages. The overexpression of FBLN3 promoted M1 polarization via the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, an effect that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor PD153035 reversed. Suppressing FBLN3 expression improved periodontal inflammation and reduced alveolar bone loss in periodontitis.ConclusionsFBLN3 suppression can mitigate periodontitis by decreasing the M1 macrophage ratio. FBLN3 regulates M1 macrophage polarization through the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Plain language summaryDisruption in the collaboration between extracellular matrix (ECM) and immune system is a significant pathology in periodontitis. Macrophages are a crucial part of the immune system and have unique functions, such as polarization. Fibulin‐3, an ECM protein, may play a vital role in this dynamic interplay. Fibulin‐3 expression is elevated in periodontitis and is closely related to immune cell function. Inhibiting fibulin‐3 can alleviate periodontitis by reducing infiltration of immune cells and M1 macrophage ratio. Furthermore, fibulin‐3 promoted macrophage M1 polarization by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway through EGFR binding. Our findings offer a clinically relevant rationale for immune response modulation through fibulin‐3.
Microstructure of sulfosuccinates based microemulsions
Authors: Tartaro Giuseppe , Schirone Davide , Gentile Luigi , Palazzo Gerardo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe system made by water, isooctane and a blend of Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (AOT) with its more hydrophilic homologue sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate (SDHS) can give raise to Winsor I, III and II equilibria at room temperature by slight changes in salinity. The phase transitions have been tracked using diffusion NMR, and solubilized volume fractions while small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) provided insight into the characteristic lengths (ξ) within the microemulsions' structures. Our findings reveal a peculiar linear correlation between the reciprocal of these characteristic lengths (ξ−1) and the HLD values. For HLD <0, ξ−1 decreases linearly with HLD with a slope = −0.0056 Å−1 but just above HLD = 0 the slope reverses (+0.0056 Å−1) and ξ−1 increases linearly with HLD demonstrating that the HLD reflects the direction of interfacial curvature. However, at the optimal composition where the curvature is null and HLD = 0, the linear trends observed for ξ−1 below and above HLD = 0 converge at a ξ−1 value that is significantly greater than 0. This indicates that HLD is a measure of the interface/volume ratio and not of the interface curvature. This work aims to deepen the understanding of the relationship between the semi‐empirical HLD equation and the spontaneous curvature of microemulsions.
Colorful Narrow‐Band Organic Polariton Light‐emitting Diodes Based on a Single Emitter
Authors: Yuan Shiyi , Guan Yuanjun , Zhao Yang , An Cunbin , Liao Bo , Gu Chunling , Sun Zheng , Liao Qing , Fu Hongbing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOrganic light‐emitting diodes hold promise for producing multicolor, narrowband emissions, and high‐definition displays. However, achieving a wide color gamut and strict color purity with high fidelity in line with BT.2020 standards is challenging. Here, a method is developed that incorporates organic films into a microcavity, leading to efficient organic polariton electroluminescence. The polariton OLEDs offer several advantages, such as a low turn‐on voltage, the ability to emit in six distinct narrowband colors covering blue to red, and robustness at current densities up to 118 A cm−2. By controlling photonic components, a wide color gamut and high color purity can be achieved. Remarkably, the method enables the red‐emitting devices to overcome the challenges posed by the exciton dark state, where the oscillator strength of the exciton is negligible. This innovation has the potential to promote the realization of electrically driven organic solid‐state lasers integrated into single‐component systems for cutting‐edge display and lighting applications.
Quality Markers of Fufang Shenqi Oral Liquid Based on Integrated Fingerprint Analysis, Chemical Pattern Recognition, and Quantification
Authors: Zhang Yingqi , Li Yangling , Cheng Yanwei , Nan Huiling , Wu Yuqiang , Chen Hongtao , Li Xuejian , Luo Yudong , Tan Anqiang , Chen Qing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionFufang Shenqi Oral Liquid (FFSQOL) is an important Chinese medicine compound preparation with a wide range of clinical applications, which is mainly used to regulate immune function, improve cardiovascular function, and have anti‐inflammatory and antibacterial effects. At present, it is of great importance to establish the quality evaluation method of FFSQOL and to investigate its quality markers (Q‐markers).ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to establish a quality evaluation method for FFSQOL and screen its Q‐markers to provide a scientific basis for its quality control.MethodsFourteen batches of FFSQOL were subjected to high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint and similarity analysis. The components of FFSQOL were identified, and their content was determined. This was combined with cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the Q‐markers of FFSQOL.ResultsIn this study, an HPLC fingerprint was established for 14 batches of FFSQOL, identifying 12 common peaks and six major components. Four components were identified as stable and reproducible: gallic acid (504.94 ~ 1219.04 μg/mL), caffeic acid (452.15 ~ 783.01 μg/mL), 7‐O‐glucoside (1097.72 ~ 2440.41 μg/mL), and formononetin (176.2 ~ 177.51 μg/mL). Quality evaluation of the 14 batches was conducted using chemical pattern recognition analysis. CA results indicated two distinct groups, and PCA revealed that principal components 1 and 2 were the main factors influencing batch differences. A combination of HPLC fingerprint, content determination results, and chemical pattern recognition analysis was employed to identify Q‐markers for FFSQOL. The markers identified were gallic acid, caffeic acid, calycosin 7‐O‐glucoside, and formononetin.ConclusionIn this study, a quality evaluation method for FFSQOL was established through the implementation of fingerprint, content determination, and chemical pattern recognition analysis, resulting in the identification of four Q‐Markers of FFSQOL, which laid the foundation for the formulation of FFSQOL quality standards.