bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy and safety of intrathecal dexmedetomidine for parturients undergoing cesarean section: a double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Xiao-xiao , Li Yu-mei , Lv Xue-li , Wang Xing-he , Liu Su 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background : The efficacy and safety of spinal anesthesia by intrathecal dexmedetomidine (DEX) for parturients undergoing cesarean section are still lack of evidence. This aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intrathecal DEX for parturients undergoing cesarean section to provide more data evidence for intrathecal applications.Methods : Three hundred parturients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were randomly assigned into three groups : group B: 9.0 mg (1.2 ml) of 0.75% bupivacaine with saline (1 ml); group FB: 9.0 mg (1.2 ml) of 0.75% bupivacaine with 20 μg of fentanyl (1 ml); group DB: 9.0 mg (1.2 ml) of 0.75% bupivacaine with 5 μg of DEX (1 ml). Intraoperative block characteristics, parturients’ postoperative quality of recovery, maternal and neonatal outcomes and the plasma concentration of DEX were measured. All parturients were followed up for 30 days to determine whether nerve injury occurred.Results : Compared with group B, the duration of sensory block in group FB and group DB were significantly prolonged (108.4 min [95% Confidence Interval (CI)=104.6-112.3] in group B, and 122.0 min [95% CI=116.8-127.3] in group FB, 148.2 min [95% CI=145.3-151.1] in group DB). The overall score of quality recovery in group DB (71.6 [95% CI=71.0-72.2]) was significantly higher than that in group FB (61.5 [95% CI=60.8-62.2]) and group B (61.7 [95% CI=61.0-62.4]). There was no statistically significant difference among the three groups for PH, PaO2, and PaCO2 of newborn. The plasma concentration of DEX in umbilical artery and umbilical vein was low and cannot be detected. The 30-days follow-up of parturients did not show any new onset of back, buttock or leg pain or paresthesia.Conclusions : DEX is a potential local anesthetic adjuvant that the intrathecal combination of 5 μg DEX can safely exhibit a facilitatory block effect and improve parturients' recovery quality.Trial registration : Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration number # ChiCTR1900022019; Date of Registration on March 20th, 2019).
Impact of temperature variability on childhood allergic rhinitis in a subtropical city of China
Authors: Wang Xu , Cheng Jian , Ling Li , Su Hong , Zhao Desheng , Ni Hong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Many studies have shown an association of childhood respiratory diseases with short-term temperature variability such as diurnal temperature range (DTR) and temperature change between two neighboring days (TCN). However, the impact of temperature variability on allergic rhinitis (AR) has not been investigated so far. This study sought to evaluate the short-term effect of temperature variability (i.e., TCN and DTR) on AR, as well as to identify vulnerable subpopulations. Method: We collected daily data on emergency room visits and outpatients for AR and weather variables in Hefei, China during 2014-2016. A distributed lag non-linear model that controlled for long-term trend and seasonality, mean temperature, relative humidity, day of week was used to fit the associations of AR with DTR and TCN. Stratified analyses by age, gender and occupation were also performed. Results: During the study period, there were a total of 53538 cases and the average values of DTR and TCN were 8.4°C (range: 1.0°C to 21.2°C) and 0°C (range: -12.2°C to 5.9°C), respectively. While we did not observe an adverse effect of DTR on AR, TCN was significantly associated with increased risk of AR. Specifically, a large temperature drop between two adjacent days (3.8°C, 5th percentile of TCN) has a delayed and short-lasting effect on AR, with the estimated relative risk of 1.02 (95% confidence interval: 1.01 to 1.04) at lag 12. Moreover, boys and children older than 15 years seemed to be more vulnerable to the effect of TCN. Conclusions: This study provided evidence of an adverse effect of large temperature drops between two adjacent days on childhood AR. Attention paid to boys and older children may help prevent AR attacks.
Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) for local staging of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Woo Sungmin , Ghafoor Soleen , Becker Anton S. , Han Sangwon , Wibmer Andreas , Hricak Hedvig , Burger Irene A. , Schöder Heiko , Vargas Hebert Alberto 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) has shown promise for detecting nodal and distant prostate cancer (PCa) metastases. However, its performance for local tumor staging is not as well established. The purpose of this study was to review the diagnostic performance of PSMA-PET for determining seminal vesical invasion (SVI) and extraprostatic extension (EPE).Methods: Pubmed and Embase databases were searched until January 12, 2020. Studies assessing accuracy of PSMA-PET in determining SVI and EPE were included. Study quality was evaluated with the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were calculated using hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristics modeling. Heterogeneity was explored using meta-regression analyses for anatomical imaging component (MRI vs CT) and by testing for a threshold effect.Results: 12 studies (615 patients) were included. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.68 (95%CI 0.53-0.81) and 0.94 (95% CI 0.90-0.96) for SVI and 0.72 (95% CI 0.56-0.84) and 0.87 (95%CI 0.72-0.94) for EPE. Meta-regression analyses showed that for SVI, PET/MRI demonstrated greater sensitivity than PET/CT (0.87 [95%CI 0.75-0.98] vs 0.60 [95% CI 0.47-0.74]; p = 0.02 for joint model) while specificity was comparable (0.91 [95%CI 0.84-0.97] vs. 0.96 [95%CI 0.93-0.99]) but not for EPE (p = 0.08). A threshold effect was present for studies assessing EPE (correlation coefficient = 0.563 [95% CI, -0.234-0.908] between sensitivity and false-positive rate).Conclusion: PSMA-PET has moderate sensitivity and excellent specificity for assessing local tumor extent in patients with PCa. PET/MRI showed potential for greater sensitivity than PET/CT in assessing SVI.[S1] [S1]R1-1
Development and Validation of a Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (SI-Bord) for Use among University Students
Authors: Lohanan Trustsavin , Leesawat Thanakorn , Wongpakaran Tinakon , Wongpakaran Nahathai , Karawekpanyawong Nuntaporn , Oon-Arom Awirut , Kuntawong Pimolpun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The screening instrument for borderline personality disorder (SI-Bord) consists of a 5-item self-reported questionnaire on the key features of BPD from the DSM-5 using a 5-point Likert scale. This study investigated its validity and reliability in screening for BPD in university students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of university students in Thailand between November and December 2019. An online assessment gathered demographic data and results from the SI-Bord, the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Participants whose SI-Bord scores were ≥ 1 were randomly selected to be interviewed and assessed for a BPD diagnosis by four psychiatrists using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID-II) as a reference point. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.925 (95% CI, 0.805–0.979) ensured inter-rater reliability between the four psychiatrists. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the SI-Bord, as compared to that of the SCID-II, were determined to indicate the cut-off score. The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) was analyzed to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy.Results: The study included 342 students aged 18–25 years (the mean age was 20.25 ± 1.4 years), 80.4% of whom were female. Among the 68 participants selected for an online interview, 16 were diagnosed with BPD. The cut-off score of the SI-Bord was > 9, as suggested by the Youden index, yielding a sensitivity of 56.3% and a specificity of 92.3%. It had a positive predictive value of 69.2% and negative predictive value of 87.3%. The SI-Bord had adequate discriminative power between cases and non-cases of BPD, with the area under the ROC curve being 0.83. Cronbach’s alpha for the SI-Bord was 0.76, indicating acceptable internal consistency. The SI-Bord score was positively correlated to PHQ-9 and PSS-10 scores (r = 0.67 and r = 0.69, p < 0.001, respectively) and negatively correlated to MSPSS (r = - 0.50, p < 0.001). The prevalence of BPD in the sample was 6.4%, according to the cut-off score > 9. Conclusion: The SI-Bord demonstrated good reliability and validity for screening BPD in university students. However, a study in non-Thai and other population groups should be warranted.
Primary epithelioid angiosarcoma originating from the mandibular gingiva: a case report of an extremely rare oral lesion
Authors: Komatsu Yuko , Miyamoto Ikuya , Ohashi Yu , Katagiri Katsunori , Saito Daisuke , Obara Mizuki , Takeda Yasunori , Shiga Kiyoto , Yamada Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Angiosarcoma occurs very rarely in the oral cavity, and the epithelioid type is even rarer. Here, we report a rare case involving an elderly man with a primary epithelioid angiosarcoma that originated from the mandibular gingiva and resembled a dentigerous cyst on radiographs. Case presentation A 66-year-old Japanese man visited our hospital with a chief complaint of gingival swelling in right mandibular third molar region. A panoramic radiograph showed bone resorption around the crown of right mandibular third molar, which was impacted. Incisional biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of epithelioid angiosarcoma. The lesion exhibited aggressive proliferation after biopsy resulting in uncontrolled bleeding and difficulty in closing the mouth. Mandibular segmental resection including the tumor was performed without reconstruction. Because of the aggressive preoperative course of the tumor, the patient received adjuvant chemotherapy. There were no signs of recurrence during a 2-year follow-up period. ConclusionsA review of the literature yielded only four reported cases of epithelioid angiosarcoma in the jaw region, with the lesions occurring in the maxilla in three cases. To our knowledge, this is the second case of primary epithelioid angiosarcoma in the mandible.
Correlation between Level of Autophagy and Amount of CD8+T Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Zhuo Songming , Zhuang Hong , Li Na , Chen Sida , Zhan Wugen , Shen Yan , Xu Xiangqin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to shed light on the correlation between the amounts of CD8+ T cells and autophagy level in COPD. Results: The objects (n = 90) were divided into three groups: COPD group (patients in the stable phase; n = 30), SN group (healthy control of smoking with normal lung function group; n = 30), and NSN groups (healthy control of non-smoking with normal lung function group; n = 30). The amounts of CD8+ (32.33 ± 4.23%), CD8+ effector (25.63 ± 8.57%) and CD8+memory (11.94 ± 5.77%) T cell in the COPD group were significantly higher those in the other two groups, while the apoptotic rate was lower in the COPD group (P < 0.05). Significant linear correlations were found of P62/GAPDH (‰) with CD8+, CD8+effector, and CD8+ memory- T cell amounts (P<0.001). Conclusions: Autophagy level is positively and linearly associated with the amounts of CD8+ T cells, suggesting that cell autophagy might be involved in COPD pathogenesis.
Hunting for the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Ancestor
Authors: Flores-Alanis Alejandro , Sandner-Miranda Luisa , Delgado Gabriela , Cravioto Alejandro , Morales-Espinosa Rosario 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective: In December 2019 a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that is causing the current COVID-19 pandemic was identified in Wuhan, China. Many questions have been raised about its origin and adaptation to humans. In the present work we performed a genetic analysis of the Spike glycoprotein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 and other related coronaviruses (CoVs) isolated from different hosts in order to trace the evolutionary history of this protein and the adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 to humans.Results: Based on the sequence analysis of the S gene, we suggest that the origin of SARS-CoV-2 is the result of recombination events between bat and pangolin CoVs. The hybrid SARS-CoV-2 ancestor jumped to humans and has been maintained by natural selection. Although the S protein of RaTG13 bat CoV has a high nucleotide identity with the S protein of SARS-CoV-2, the phylogenetic tree and the haplotype network suggest a non-direct parental relationship between these CoVs. Moreover, it is likely that the basic function of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of S protein was acquired by the SARS-CoV-2 from the MP789 pangolin CoV by recombination and it has been highly conserved.
Nose-only inhalation exposures to alumina nanoparticles / hydrogen chloride gas mixtures induce strong pulmonary pro-inflammatory response
Authors: Bourgois Alexandra , Saurat Dominique , Boyard Alexandre , Guitard Nathalie , Araujo Suzanne De , Renault Sylvie , Fargeau Francisca , Frédéric Christine , Peyret Emmanuel , Flahaut Emmanuel , Servonnet Aurélie , Favier Anne-Laure , Lacroix Ghislaine , François Sabine , Dekali Samir 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Correlation study between Interleukin-17 Gene Polymorphisms and risk of development of recurrent aphthous ulcer in Han Chinese Population
Authors: Xiang Haidong , Cheng Dongmei , Guo Han , Wang Yan , Jia Zhiyu , Gao Qi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveInterleukin-17 (IL-17) is a pleiotropic cytokine which plays important role in the inflammatory diseases.MethodsPolymorphisms of IL-17A rs2275913 and IL17F rs763780 were measured in 125 RAU cases and 116 healthy controls. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length was measured. The genotype distribution and disease risk, and its’ relationship with RAU severity was analyzed.ResultsRAU risk were related with polymorphism of IL-17 gene at rs2275913 site after adjusting BMI, sex, age, smoking and drinking status (AA vs. GG: odds ratio (OR), 1.624; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.125–2.250; P = 0.030; A allele vs. G allele: OR, 1.192; P = 0.037; 95% CI, 1.012–1.404;). In addition, the rs763780 variant genotypes (TC and CC) and C allele also have higher relevance to RAU compared with subjects who bears the TT genotype (TC vs. TT, OR: 1.312; P = 0.039; 95% CI: 1.017–1.692; CC vs. TT, OR: 2.812, P = 0.006, 95% CI: 1.338-5.909; C allele Vs. T allele, OR:1.413, P=0.002, 95% CI:1.141-1.751). We also found serum IL-17 levels were greatly higher in RAU patients compared with controls (P = 0.001), and serum IL17 concentration is correlated with IL17 polymorphism.ConclusionOur research showed polymorphisms of IL-17 gene might related to the high-risk of RAU occurrence.
Long-Term Refractive Outcomes After Combined Phacoemulsification and Trabeculectomy in Glaucoma Patients
Authors: Kang Yeon Soo , Sung Mi Sun , Heo Hwan , Ji Yong Sok , Park Sang Woo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate long-term refractive outcomes after phacotrabeculectomy and to determine risk factors that may cause unstable refractive outcomes after phacotrabeculectomy in glaucoma patients.Methods: A total 120 eyes of 120 patients who had underwent uncomplicated phacotrabeculectomy (combined group) or phacoemulsification (phaco-only group) were included. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured before and after surgery, and anterior segment parameters including anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens vault (LV), and anterior vault (AV) measured using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography were compared between the two groups. The mean absolute error (MAE) at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively were compared. Risk factors associated with unstable refractive outcomes (MAE ≥ 0.5) were investigated in the combined group.Results: In both groups, BCVA was improved and IOP was decreased significantly. MAE at 3, 6, 12, 24 months postoperatively were not significantly different between two groups. The risk factors for unstable refractive outcomes after 12 months of phacotrabeculectomy were old age and LV. Whereas, the only factor predicting unstable refractive outcome after 24 months of phacotrabeculectomy was LV. The cut-off value of LV for predicting unstable refractive outcome analyzed by the ROC curve was 0.855 mm.Conclusions: Phacotrabeculectomy may be an effective treatment with predictable long-term refractive outcomes similar to phacoemulsification in patients with glaucoma. However, elderly patients or patients with large LV may be predisposed to unpredictable postoperative refractive outcomes after phacotrabeculectomy.
Evaluation of Transmissible Plasmodium falciparum infection in transfusion medicine
Authors: Amoo Abimbola , Dadaadegbola Hannah , Olaniyi John A. , Omosa-Manyonyi Susan Gloria , Njaanake Humphrey Kariuki 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: In sub-Saharan Africa, Malaria could lead to about 770, 000 death alone this year if COVID-19 disrupts the key strategies, according to a newly available report on WHO modeling analysis. Transfusion medicine infections are mostly prevalent studies on bacteria and viruses with very little or no effort at investigating malaria parasite infection that can cause severe post-transfusion illness, especially in transfusion-dependent patients. OBJECTIVES: This study designed to bridge the gap by screening for Plasmodium falciparum infection and determine the effect of storage duration at 4°C on P. falciparum infection. METHODOLOGY: A Cross-sectional study on blood donors in Ibadan Oyo state, National blood transfusion service centre. Demographic data and clinical history were obtained using a pro-formal questionnaire. Donor's blood samples were P. falciparum positive using Giemsa stained microscopy. RESULTS: A total of 248 blood samples collected from donors from southwest Nigeria were tested for P. falciparum parasites. The overall prevalence of P. falciparum infection using Giemsa microscopy was 8.5%. The prevalence in blood samples stored for 3days, 7 days, and 21 days were 8.1%, 7.3%, and 5.7% respectively. There was a significant decline in the prevalence of P. falciparum, by microscopy, with an increased period of blood storage from day 0 to day 21 (Kendall’s Tau; p< 0.001). CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that P. falciparum is prevalent among blood donors in the Ibadan, Nigeria. Blood storage for about 21 days can significantly reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted P. falciparum malaria. This can be attributed to the lack of adequate accommodation and poor sanitary conditions in the area under study. National surveillance and public health education should stop the spread of parasitic infections in transfusion medicine.
Perturbation of PI3K/Akt Signalling affected Autophagy Modulation in Dystrophin-Deficient Myoblasts
Authors: Yazid Muhammad Dain , Chen Hung-Chih 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The absence of dystrophin has gave a massive impact on myotube development in Muscular Dystrophy pathogenesis. One of the conserved signalling pathways involved in skeletal muscle differentiation is the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway that play a vital role in autophagy regulation. To further understand and establish targeted therapy in dystrophin-deficient myoblasts, protein expression profiling has been determined which provides information on perturbed autophagy modulation and activation. In this study, dystrophin-deficient myoblast cell line established from skeletal muscle of dystrophic (mdx) mouse were used as model. The dfd13 (dystrophin-deficient) and C2C12 (non-dystrophic) myoblasts were cultured in low mitogen conditions for 10 days to induce differentiation. The cells were subjected to total protein extraction prior to western blotting assay technique. Protein sub-fractionation has been conducted to determine protein localisation. The live cell analysis of autophagy assay were done using flow cytometer. As results, in our culture system, the dfd13 myoblasts did not achieved terminal differentiation. PTEN expression was profoundly increased in dfd13 myoblasts throughout the differentiation day subsequently imposed perturbation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR regulation. In addition, rictor-mTORC2 was also found inactivated in this event. This occurrence has caused FoxO3 misregulation resulting higher activation of autophagy related genes in dfd13 myoblasts. Autophagosome formation was increased as LC3B-I/II showed accumulation upon differentiation. However, ratio of LC3B lipidation and autophagic flux were shown decreased which exhibited dystrophic features. As a conclusion, perturbation of the PTEN-PI3K/Akt pathway triggers excessive autophagosome formation, and subsequently reduced autophagic flux within dystrophin-deficient myoblasts where this finding are of important to understand DMD patients which fit with the actual scenario. We believe that some manipulation within its regulatory signalling reported in this study could help restore muscle homeostasis and attenuate disease progression.
Oblique lumbar interbody fusion at the L5-S1 segment via an approach between the psoas muscle and the great vessels: technique note and case presentations.
Authors: Li Xigong , Diao Weiyi , Zhang Yuzhu , Wu Junsong , Xing Chunyang , Du Junhua , Chen Bin , Xu Sanzhong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Study Design: Technique note.Objectives: To describe our modified oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) technique in the reconstruction of the L5-S1 segment.Summary of Background Data: Recently, OLIF has been generally recognized as an effective procedure in the treatment of various spinal pathologies at L2-L5 segments. However, the usage of OLIF at the L5-S1 segment doesn’t have gained widespread acceptance in spine community. Some authors still concern about the feasibility of OLIF used in lumbosacral fusion Methods: Ten consecutive patients underwent L5-S1 interbody fusion using the OLIF technique in our institution. The L5–S1 disc space is approached via one retroperitoneal oblique corridor between the psoas muscle and the great vessels. The discectomy and endplate preparation are performed through a surgical window developed on the anterolateral side of L5-S1 disc. A secondary cage insertion technique is used for safe placement of interbody fusion cages.Results: Of the 10 patients, 6 were males and 4 were females, with an average age of 55.4±6.8 years. There were 8 single-level and 2 two-level procedures, including 2 at L4–L5 and 10 at L5–S1. Preoperative axial MR images confirmed 1 patient with type I LCIV (left common iliac vein), 6 with type II LCIV and 3 with type III LCIV. The average blood loss was 133.4±88.5 ml, and the average operative times were 153.6±38.3 minutes. Postoperative radiographs examination confirmed all patients obtained a better reconstruction at the lumbosacral junction. Two patients with type III LCIV sustained iliolumbar vein laceration during the exposure, and no other perioperative complications were encountered.Conclusion: Our novel OLIF L5-S1 technique is a more feasible procedure of lumbosacral fusion, which shared the common surgical plane with OLIF L2-5, allowing for L2 to S1 reproducible multi-levels interbody fusions via a retroperitoneal oblique corridor between the psoas muscle and the great vessels. Detailed preoperative plan and meticulous intraoperative manipulation are prerequisite for the success of OLIF L5-S1 procedure.