bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical justification of the mechanism of dust deposition by electrofilters for improving working conditions of poultry farm workers
Authors: Chepelev N I , Cherkasova N G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The aim of the research is to reduce the concentration of dust in poultry houses by means of dust deposition by means of electrostatic precipitators. The objectives of the study include ensuring the improvement of working conditions for workers in poultry farms by reducing the dust content of the air; analysis of methods of air purification from industrial dust in poultry buildings; proposing the most effective way to clean the air from industrial dust in poultry buildings based on the analysis of existing methods and technical means. Analysis of the existing methods and technical means for cleaning the air environment of production facilities in poultry farming revealed that the most effective devices for reducing dust levels are electrostatic precipitators based on the action of corona discharge. But currently patented electrostatic precipitators have a limited scope. This is due to the fact that electrostatic precipitators provide high efficiency of dust removal with significant overall dimensions of these devices. The technical solution to this problem is the use of cylindrical multisection electrostatic precipitators, in which all corona and collecting electrodes have the shape of a cylinder and are arranged radially, alternately following one after the other. As practical results have shown, this design cleans significant volumes of air in a better quality, without the need for reconstruction of technological equipment, expansion of production areas and freeing up additional space.
Laser shock processing of metal surfaces with cracks
Authors: Sakhvadze G Zh , Pugachev M S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article considers the application of the technology of laser shock processing surface treatment as a way to increase the fatigue properties of products. A numerical model based on the finite element method and analysis of the stress intensity factor is proposed, which makes it possible to assess the effect of treatment on crack propagation, as well as to determine the optimal technological modes. Studies were carried out that confirmed the adequacy of the proposed numerical model. The optimal technological modes of processing have been determined, which make it possible to create high compressive residual stresses that increase the crack resistance of the metal with a crack. It was found that for a linear crack, the treatment area should cover the maximum possible crack area; for a V-shaped crack, the treatment should be carried out at a distance of 2 mm from the crack tip to exclude the appearance of tensile residual stresses along the crack propagation path.
Modular-geometric approach to modeling a complex shape surface
Authors: Belkin E A , Poyarkov V N , Markov O I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A modular-geometric approach has been developed. The surface of a complex shape is structured on the basis of the modular principle; the methods of structuring are determined by the problems of the theory of shaping. The modular-geometric approach used to solve these problems consists in approximating a local area of the surface with a contiguous paraboloid. The Riemann-Christoffel tensor is a geometric characteristic for estimating the curvature of a local section. Similarly, the working surfaces of the gas turbine blade and the micro relief of the surface layer are structured. A three-dimensional geometric model of the blade is represented as a superposition of the blade geometry and its micro relief. The geometric characteristics necessary for calculating the 3D model of the blade are determined on the installation of holographic control.
Application of DEA models in efficiency evaluation of the KAMAZ vehicle robotic system
Authors: Susarev S V , Orlov S P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The problem of evaluating the effectiveness of a robotic system of agricultural vehicles is described. A robotic system is considered, including robotic chassis for fieldwork, for transporting goods in the territories of agrarian production and specialized cars. An important task is to evaluate the reliability of robotic vehicles during the operation. A model-oriented approach to monitoring and analyzing the technical condition of the vehicle is proposed. The data envelopment analysis technique is used with the solution of a non-parametric linear programming problem. The selection of input and output parameters of a model of a robotic vehicle is described. The mathematical formulation of the linear programming problem by the integral criterion for the functioning of a robotic car in different periods is given. The results of the experimental studies are presented. The application of the data envelopment analysis allows determining the vehicle parameter’s target changes. The results will be used in the decision-making system for the operation and maintenance of KAMAZ agricultural vehicles.
Environmental engineering approach for ecologization of plant protection systems
Authors: Apazhev A K , Berbekov V N , Shekikhachev Y A , Hazhmetov L M , Bakuev G H , Shekikhacheva L Z 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The need for environmentally friendly products is growing every year. In 2018, a law was adopted. And a program for growing organic apple fruits is now being developed. Obtaining such products without the use of pesticides or with a minimum amount of them is possible by replacing chemical insecticides with biological ones and / or using non-chemical measures to combat insects, in particular, since insecticides are the most toxic component of the general system of apple protection from a complex of harmful organisms. The use of various biological agents, along with protecting the environment and human health, ensures high technical and economic efficiency. To protect orchards from pests, diseases and weeds, spraying is carried out 20 … 22 times during a season. The level of pesticide load is quite high, which is a factor of not only environmental but also economic stress. Due to the peculiarities of the relief in the North Caucasus, the gardens are in close proximity to settlements, resorts and health resorts, in the vicinity of protected and resort areas. Therefore, the issues of safety of any production, relevant on a global scale, arise in this territory with particular urgency. In this regard, this article presents the results of using elements of organic agriculture in horticulture to obtain environmentally friendly fruit products in the conditions of the foothill zone of the North Caucasus region.
Features of the development of fuel flares when running diesel on alcohol
Authors: Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo get a controlled combustion in a diesel engine with a hemispherical combustion chamber with a smooth increase in pressure, determined by the law of fuel supply, you can use the so-called step injection, when first a small portion of fuel is supplied, and then the main mass of fuel. A variation of the step injection process can be considered a process using an additional fuel supply system. In this case, you can use two fuels: the main and the igniter. The main fuel in our case is ethyl alcohol, and the ignition fuel is diesel fuel (DF). The ignition portion is necessary for the pre-ignition reactions and initiation of the process of ignition and combustion fuels in the diesel cylinder (DC). Also, the use of ignited DF is necessary because of the low ability of ethanol to self-ignite during compression.
Investigation of alternative fuel oxidation kinetics in an internal combustion engine
Authors: Lopatin O P 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAnalysis of chemical transformations of mixtures of hydrocarbon fuels with air under non-isothermal conditions is complicated by the complexity of the chemical mechanism, which leads to the necessity of taking into account large (more than two) number of “elementary” stages between the scores of the individual components of the mixture, and higher order nonlinearities of the system and the degree of “stiffness” because of the strong dependence of the coefficients of reaction speed on temperature. The paper attempts to use a partial change in the strategy of changing the order of accuracy of the method along with changes, which made it possible to conduct calculations in near-equilibrium conditions with an increased order of accuracy. Methods of informal reduction of complexity of chemical systems are proposed, since the transition to systems that “break through” their complexity is inevitable.
Method of calculating the working process of the engine when working on methanol
Authors: Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEnergy methods for calculating the combustion process, based on determining the rate of fuel burn-out using experimental coefficients and allowing to obtain, at best, a calculated indicator diagram of the pressure in the engine cylinder, have gained a certain popularity. However, the composition and thermodynamic parameters of the combustion products are not determined. The paper presents thermodynamic calculations of the combustion process, which also allow determining the equilibrium composition of combustion products for any given conditions (mixture composition, fuel composition, temperature and pressure), taking into account dissociation. The calculation of equilibrium concentrations makes it possible to assess the influence of certain factors on the composition of combustion products. The method for calculating the equilibrium compositions of combustion products of hydrocarbon fuels of theCnHm=1 structure is taken as a basis, with additions that allow performing calculations for fuels of the elementary compositionC+H+O+N=1. Elementary composition for methanol:C=0.375;H=0.125;O=0.5;N=0.
Determination the capacity of low volume mixers for processing liquid environment
Authors: Boev E V , Afanasenko V G , Boeva N I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The current state of science and technology requires an increase in the productivity of chemical and oil refining enterprises without increasing the overall dimensions of the main technological equipment, as well as the development of fundamentally new devices capable of intensifying the main heat and mass exchange processes. At the same time, new technological equipment in order to ensure energy-saving operating modes needs to determine dependence of design parameters of the apparatus and properties of the processed medium on power consumption.
Efficiency of diesel operation on biofuels
Authors: Likhanov V A , Fominykh A V , Kopchikov V N 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHazardous emissions into the atmosphere by internal combustion engines have been growing from year to year. In addition, constantly rising prices for oil negatively affect the world economy. It is possible to solve these problems by different ways; one of them is by using biofuels. New alternative fuels are able to ensure energy independence and diminish toxic exhaust emissions significantly. The article considers the issues related to the use of alternative non-petroleum fuels, their influence on diesel operation, economic and environmental performance. The object of the study is a two-cylinder diesel engine D-21, which was simultaneously fed with methyl alcohol and methyl ether of rapeseed oil. Such supply of fuels to the cylinders was carried out using a dual fuel system. The research has shown that the power of the engine operating on biofuels remains at the same level. The volumetric efficiency and the effective efficiency increase under high load conditions. Besides, such toxic agents as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and soot (C) decreased considerably, by 47.4% and 10.42 times respectively.
Environmental performance of biofuel engine
Authors: Likhanov V A , Fominykh A V , Kopchikov V N 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOne of the major challenges facing the scientists throughout the globe is searching for alternative kinds of fuels. Investigating new fuels it is necessary to assess power and economic characteristics of an engine as well as its environmental performance. It must be done to improve both - the structural design of the internal combustion engine and alternative fuels themselves not to endamage the ecosphere. The paper below presents the data on the bench tests performed on a diesel engine D-21 operated on biofuel and its effects on exhaust emissions of such substances as nitrogen oxides, soot, total hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. Methyl ether of rapeseed oil was used as the igniter fuel, and the major fuel was methyl alcohol. Simultaneous supply of alternative fuels was carried out by a dual fuel supply system. The obtained data revealed a significant ecological advantage of using alternative fuels over traditional petroleum fuels. At the same time, the power characteristics did not change, but there was an increase in biofuel consumption.
Methanol as the main substitute for petroleum fuels
Authors: Fominykh A V 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAmong the known alternative fuels, alcohols, primarily methyl and ethyl, are of the greatest interest as a mass promising fuel. The prospect of using them as alternative fuels is determined mainly by the availability of raw materials. Methanol in this respect is more preferable, since the basis for its production can be natural gas, coal, shale, natural carbonates, various wastes, etc. In addition, well-established production technology and acceptable technical and economic indicators are important. Currently, methanol is obtained mainly from natural gas, and given the significant reserves of solid fuels, it is promising to obtain it from coal. Potential raw materials for expanding the production of methanol can also serve as associated and waste gases of metallurgical and Ferroalloy production, natural carbonates, and in the future, it is possible to use carbon dioxide from the air. The article presents the main methods of methanol production.
Calculated studies of the influence of the composition of biofuels on the formation of indicator efficiency
Authors: Likhanov V A , Anfilatov A A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article discusses computational studies on the formation of an indicator efficiency factor of a diesel engine operating on mixtures of methyl ester of rapeseed oil and ethanol. The internal heat balance is considered, which shows how the working fluid in the engine cylinder exchanges heat with the environment. An assessment of the effect of fuel composition on the factors of heat non-use in the cycle is presented. A computational study was carried out. The calculations were made for the nominal mode. The main condition for the calculation was the introduction of the same amount of heat in the cycle and the constant law of heat generation for different types of fuels.
Stimulating tariff formation models for reactive power flows and electricity quality control
Authors: Kuznetsov A V , Chikin V V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
It is shown that up to the present time, an effective, operating, efficient model of reactive power flow and power quality control has not been created in Russia. It is necessary to sharpen attention to the problem. It is necessary to analyze the state of the problem. To try to find out the reasons. Give suggestions. Involve specialists in its discussion. The main reason for the lack of a workable model is legal barriers to its implementation in practice. The criterion for legitimacy of application of incentive tariffs in the form of discounts (surcharges) may be equality of income of the energy supplying organization from application of economically justified tariff and income from application of incentive tariff. Known proposals in the form of mathematical expressions for calculation of discounts (surcharges) to the tariff require changes to existing regulatory and legal documents, which are not related to the methods of calculation of surcharges (discounts). What complicates the process of their implementation. The proposed model of formation of the incentive tariff with the use of a single approach to calculation of discounts (surcharges) both in case of power quality and in case of consumption of reactive power, does not require changes in the documents not related to the methods of calculation of discounts (surcharges) and differs in compliance with the criterion of legitimacy of their application.
Analysis of the operation of the diesel engine on rapeseed oil
Authors: Anfilatov A A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A comparative study of the working process of a rapeseed oil diesel engine for split fuel equipment and Common Rail equipment was carried out. The indicators of the working process, the parameters of heat emission and toxicity of the exhaust gases are given, the analysis of the indicator efficiency is carried out and the perspective of the use of the pilot portion in the fuel equipment of the Common Rail type is shown. One of the ways to improve the performance of diesel engines is to reduce the heterogeneity of the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber and the use of vegetable fuels, which include vegetable oils.
Beneficial use of thermal secondary energy resources in the rectification cycle at ethylene glycol production unit
Authors: Balzamov D S , Balzamova E Yu , Bronskaya V V , Rybkina E A , Kharitonova O S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Efficient use of secondary energy resources at the oil and gas chemical industry plants affects the final cost of the products. One of the energy-intensive cycles in organic production is the rectification process, which is accompanied by a high yield of thermal secondary energy resources. The energy intensity of the process is associated with the need to evaporate one of the mixture components while consuming at least the vapourization heat. There is the option of organization of technical solution of useful use of thermal energy of condensate after the rectification cycle for the purpose of heating the reaction mixture at the article.
Environmental indicators of harmful emissions when working on mixed biofuels
Authors: Likhanov V A , Anfilatov A A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article presents the comparative environmental characteristics of diesel exhaust gases when running on biofuels and diesel fuel, which shows that the effect of using biofuels depends on the design features of the diesel motor and its operating mode, as well as on the properties of biofuels. Mixed fuels are obtained by mixing ethanol and vegetable oil. Both components are mixed with each other in any proportions without chemical reactions. The aggressiveness of the obtained mixed fuels on the surrounding nature is mainly determined by the amount of fuel contained in it.
Studying of properties of low-viscous fuel oil for the purpose of its utilization
Authors: Daminev R R , Islamutdinova A A , Ovsyannikova I V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In 2018 at General Chemical Technology department physical and chemical indicators of a sample of fuel “inveterate” oil of M100 brand for the purpose of its utilization were studied. By results of a research the studied fuel oil does not correspond to state standard specification 10585-99 on an indicator as “a mass fraction of water“. Using the existing technologies of upclassing of fuel oil, physical and chemical characteristics of a sample improved, the content of water decreased more than by 50,0 %, the kinematic viscosity was 38,0 mm2 / with, the received fuel oil corresponds to state standard specification 10585-2013 on all indicators for M100 brand that allows to use it as secondary fuel.
Justification of methods for reducing ground-level gas pollution from operating aircraft engines
Authors: Zvyagintseva A V , Sazonova S A , Kulneva V V , Panteleev I N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A detailed narrow-minded survey was carried out on one of the three zones of the technological infrastructure of a specialized facility - a hangar for aircraft. A general list of pollutants discharged into the air zone of the facility on the 2nd site with differentiation into 4 sections with eruption generators is established. It has been recorded that environmental indicators of air pollution do not exceed the norms of maximum permissible emissions and maximum permissible concentrations of harmful substances. It was noted that for one ingredient NO2, an analytical assessment indicates a certain excess of the MPC for the energy and test section of the special facility and additional procedures are needed to protect the atmospheric air. The techniques and procedures of the organizational and technical regulations that minimize the accumulation of contaminants (gases) of functioning aircraft engines are analyzed and recommended. A method is proposed for reducing surface gas pollution from operating aircraft engines based on an analysis of environmental protection measures at specialized facilities. The method is based on variations in the orientation of the outflow of gas flows from functioning aircraft engines during launch, taxiing, takeoff, landing, passage of an aircraft along the airfield.
Recycling of polymer materials for foundry patterns
Authors: Sukhorukov D , Kreshchik A , Sharshin V , Sukhorukova E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of studies on the recycling of waste polymer materials foundry, in particular the analysis of the solubility of polymer plates RAKU-TOOL, used for the manufacture of foundry pattern equipment. It has been found that RAKU-TOOL WB-1404 undergoes dissolution in toluene and acetic acid and swells noticeably in nitric acid. RAKU-TOOL MB-0720 reacts with acids and xylene, but does not react with toluene. RAKU-TOOL WB-1000 reacts noticeably only with nitric acid and does not react with toluene or xylene. The results obtained can be used for further processing and return to the production of model equipment, or to other industrial products for machine-building or household purposes.
Structure of electric power generation from different resources in Russia
Authors: Kernitskii V N , Kukartsev V V , Shalaeva D S , Semenova E I , Bashmur K A , Apanasenko S V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article is devoted to the research of the structure of electricity generation by different resources on the territory of Russia. The article describes the impact of the development of the energy industry on the economy and welfare of the country as a whole. The types of energy resources needed for generating various types of energy are considered. An overview of the current state of Russia’s energy balance is performed. Also considered is the degree of use in the fuel and energy complex of both non-renewable energy sources, which are traditional energy, and renewable sources that develop the direction of alternative energy, which aims to reduce the harmful impact on the environment. The analysis of the use of energy resources directly in the manufacture of electricity identified the share of use of each type of energy resource and comparison performed a number of advantages and disadvantages in the use of these resources.