bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case Series of Patients With Concurrent Otosclerosis and Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence
Authors: Dewyer Nicholas A. , Quesnel Alicia M. , Santos Felipe 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
To describe the presentations and treatment results for patients with concurrent otosclerosis and superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD).

Study Design:
Retrospective case series and literature review.

Setting:
Tertiary academic medical center.

Patients:
Patients with concurrent diagnoses of otosclerosis (radiographically and/or surgically confirmed) and SCD (radiographically confirmed) in the same ear.

Intervention(s):
Review of medical records.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Clinical presentations, outcomes following stapedotomy.

Results:
Eight patients with 10 affected ears were identified. All patients presented with slowly progressive conductive hearing loss, normal otoscopy, absent acoustic reflexes, and without other symptoms of SCD syndrome. Seven patients were treated with stapedotomy and 1 with hearing aids. Of those treated with stapedotomy, a persistent conductive hearing loss was the most common hearing result. One patient had near-complete closure of their air bone gap. None had a profound sensorineural hearing loss. Four patients had unmasking of SCD symptoms.

Conclusions:
The clinical and audiometric presentations of patients with concurrent otosclerosis and SCD are often indistinguishable from those of patients with only otosclerosis. Computed tomography of the temporal bone is the only way to identify concurrent SCD. Stapedotomy in these patients typically results in a persistent conductive hearing loss, though 14 to 33% of patients experience near-complete closure of their air bone gap. SCD symptoms are unmasked in 57 to 63% of patients who undergo stapedotomy. Further work is needed to delineate the utility of routine preoperative computed tomography scan in otosclerosis patients, and to identify prognostic factors for patients with concurrent otosclerosis and SCD who wish to undergo stapedotomy.
Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration (BRTO) Versus Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) for Treatment of Gastric Varices Because of Portal Hypertension
Authors: Paleti Swathi , Nutalapati Venkat , Fathallah Jihan , Jeepalyam Sravan , Rustagi Tarun 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Although gastric variceal (GV) bleeding is less common than esophageal variceal bleeding, the severity of GV bleeding is often greater with higher morbidity and mortality rates. Minimally invasive endovascular treatments such as balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) have been used for the management of GVs with varying results, and individual and institutional differences exist in the use of BRTO and TIPS. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of BRTO and TIPS for the treatment of GVs because of portal hypertension.

Methods:
Searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases were performed from inception through March 2019. Summary odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was estimated for technical success, hemostasis rate, postprocedural complications, rebleeding rate, incidence of hepatic encephalopathy, and mortality rate at 1 year utilizing a random-effects model.

Results:
Seven studies with a total of 676 patients (BRTO: 462 and TIPS: 214) were included. There was no difference in pooled technical success rate (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.28-2.73; P=0.81), hemostasis rate (OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 0.61-12.26; P=0.19), and postoperative procedure-related complications (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 0.44-8.72; P=0.38). However, treatment with BRTO was associated with lower rates of postoperative rebleeding (OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.18-0.48; P<0.00001), postoperative encephalopathy (OR, 0.06; 95% CI, 0.02-0.15; P < 0.00001), and mortality at 1 year (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.21-0.87; P=0.02).

Conclusions:
BRTO was associated with lower rates of rebleeding, postprocedure hepatic encephalopathy, and mortality at 1 year. BRTO should be considered first-line modality for the treatment of GVs because of portal hypertension.
Prevalence and determinants of HIV shedding in breast milk during continued breastfeeding among Zambian mothers not on antiretroviral treatment (ART)
Authors: Rutagwera David Gatsinzi , Molès Jean-Pierre , Kankasa Chipepo , Mwiya Mwiya , Tuaillon Edouard , Peries Marianne , Nagot Nicolas , Van de Perre Philippe , Tylleskär Thorkild 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The risk of postnatal HIV transmission exists throughout the breastfeeding period. HIV shedding in breast milk beyond six months has not been studied extensively. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence and determinants of HIV shedding in breast milk during continued breastfeeding
A cross-sectional study was nested in the PROMISE-PEP trial in Lusaka, Zambia to analyze breast milk samples collected from both breasts at week 38 post-partum (mid-way during continued breastfeeding). We measured concurrent HIV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA) as proxies for cell-associated HIV (CAV) and cell-free HIV (CFV) shedding in breast milk respectively. Participants’ socio-demographic date, concurrent blood test results, sub clinical mastitis test results and contraceptive use data were available. Logistic regression models were used to identify determinants of HIV shedding in breast milk (detecting either CAV or CFV).
The prevalence of HIV shedding in breast milk at 9 months post-partum was 79.4% (95%CI: 74.0 – 84.0). CAV only, CFV only and both CAV and CFV were detectable in 13.7%, 17.3% and 48.4% mothers, respectively. The odds of shedding HIV in breast milk decreased significantly with current use of combined oral contraceptives (AOR: 0.37; 95%CI: 0.17 – 0.83) and increased significantly with low CD4 count (AOR: 3.47; 95%CI: 1.23 – 9.80), unsuppressed plasma viral load (AOR: 6.27; 95%CI: 2.47 – 15.96) and severe sub-clinical mastitis (AOR: 12.56; 95%CI: 2.48 – 63.58).
This study estimated that about 80% of HIV infected mothers not on ART shed HIV in breast milk during continued breastfeeding. Major factors driving this shedding were low CD4 count, unsuppressed plasma viral load and severe sub-clinical mastitis. The inverse relationship between breast milk HIV and use of combined oral contraceptives needs further clarification. Continued shedding of CAV may contribute to residual postnatal transmission of HIV in mothers on successful ART.
Dose-escalation of oxaliplatin in hemodialysis patient treated with FOLFOX therapy
Authors: Wang Danping , Li Xiaofei , Xu Lingyan , Fang Wentong , Cai Xiaomin , Wang Ying , Wang Jiawei , Wang Yuanyuan , Zhao Fengjiao , Gu Yanhong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Oxaliplatin is a key part of the standard treatment for colorectal cancer which is formally contraindicated in patients with severe renal dysfunction. Here, we investigated a safe and efficient dosing schedule of oxaliplatin in folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) regimen by monitoring total and free platinum concentrations in plasma.

Patient concerns:
A 47-year-old female with chronic hemodialysis was diagnosed with left-sided colon cancer and underwent colectomy. One year later, she was presented with omentum metastasis and needed further treatment.

Diagnoses:
The computed tomography (CT) scanning revealed multiple omental nodules. Positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) showed increased uptake of the nodules.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with FOLFOX therapy every 3 weeks. The oxaliplatin began with 50 mg/m2 and gradually increased 85 mg/m2 as in the standard regimen. A 4-hour dialysis was started 1 hour after the end of oxaliplatin infusion.

Outcomes:
The free platinum concentration time curve showed a biomodel pattern. The C
max of the 1st peak we observed in our patients at the standard dose is comparable to patients with normal renal function. This patient was treated with FOLFOX for 12 courses. No apparent adverse effect was observed during the treatment.

Lessons:
The FOLFOX can be safely administered in hemodialysis patients on a long-term basis. Dose reduction of oxaliplatin is not necessarily needed if hemodialysis is performed soon after the infusion. Further studies are needed to distinguish between active and inactive oxaliplatin products during the 2nd peak of the free platinum concentration curve in this population.
Cardiac malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Li Shuang , Qiu Yue , Yu Jianqun , Liang Chunxiao , Peng Liqing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a very rare sarcoma of the heart, and few cases have been reported. Herein, we retrospectively reviewed clinical manifestations, imaging features and management of our patient and other reported cases.

Patient concerns:
A 32-year-old woman was referred to the emergency department of our institution with expiratory dyspnea, edema of face for a month.

Diagnosis:
The patient was initially diagnosed with asthma at a local hospital based on a history of fatigue, cough and expiratory dyspnea, as well as negative electroencephalogram (ECG) and chest radiography. Based on computed tomography (CT) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) in our hospital, she was found to have a malignant tumor involving right atrium. The tumor was diagnosed as MPNST according to histopathological results.

Interventions:
The tumor was deemed unresectable during the surgery. Then, the patient was referred for chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Outcomes:
The patient deteriorated and died 4 months later.

Lessons:
Cardiac MPNST is very uncommon with nonspecific clinical and imaging characteristics according to limited cased reported. CMR, due to the high tissue resolution and multiple sequence imaging advantages, is useful for the detection, location and evaluation whether there is involvement of adjacent structures, and may help better clinical decision-making.
Association between polymorphisms in microRNAs and susceptibility to diabetes mellitus
Authors: Chen Xi , Wang Wenjing , Li Ruien , Yu Jing , Gao Lei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
Accumulated evidence has indicated the associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNAs) and the susceptibility to diabetes mellitus (DM), but the conclusions remain controversial. This study was to investigate the true contribution of miRNA SNPs to the risk of DM by using a meta-analysis of all the published studies.

Methods:
Relevant studies were identified in the databases of PubMed and the Cochrane Library databases. The strength of associations between miRNA polymorphisms and DM risk was assessed by odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) under five genetic models using the STATA software.

Results:
Six studies, containing 2773 cases and 2632 controls, were enrolled, 5 of which evaluated miR-146a (rs2910164), 4 for miR-27a (rs895819), and 3 for miR-124 (rs531564) and 2 for miR-375 (rs6715345), miR-128a (rs11888095), miR-194a (rs3820455). The meta-analysis indicated that the G allele or GG genotype of miR-146a rs2910164 was associated with a significantly increased risk for DM compared with C allele or GC/CC genotype in Latin American population; CC genotype of miR-27a rs895819 polymorphism was associated with a significantly decreased risk for DM in Asian population compared with the TT genotype; patients carrying with CC genotype of miR-124 rs531564 had a lower probability to develop DM regardless of ethnicity; no associations were identified between polymorphisms in miR-375, miR-128a, miR-194a and the susceptibility to DM.

Conclusion:
Our study suggests that miR-146a/miR-27a and miR-124 polymorphisms may be ethnicity-dependent or -independent susceptibility factors to DM, respectively.
A case report of hereditary hemochromatosis caused by mutation of SLC40A1 gene
Authors: Yin Xin , Zhang Yu , Gao Hui , Jin Qing-long , Wen Xiao-yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a frequent autosomal recessive disease. The pathogenesis of disease is excessive intestinal absorption of dietary iron, resulting in pathologically high iron storage in tissues and organs. As a systemic disease, it has several manifestations including cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, cardiomyopathy, joint disease. However, a proportion of patients are asymptomatic.

Patient concerns:
A 34-year-old man who had abnormal liver function for 9 months without specific symptoms. He underwent various tests, including liver biopsy and genetic testing, which eventually ruled out common liver diseases and identified iron metabolic abnormalities. In addition, we confirmed the pathogenic genes by sequencing the genes of him and his families.

Diagnosis:
Combined with the symptoms, auxiliary examinations and sequencing results, the patient was diagnosed as HH.

Interventions:
The patient was given a low iron diet and phlebotomy therapy interval 2 weeks until the ferritin is <100 mg/L.

Outcomes:
The patient’ condition is stable during the follow-up period.

Lessons:
When clinicians are confronted with unexplained liver dysfunction, the possibility of the HH should be considered. Liver biopsy and gene sequencing are helpful in diagnosis. Phlebotomy treatment is the most economical and practical treatment for HH at present, but it should vary from person to person.
Acupuncture therapy for persistent and intractable hiccups
Authors: Yang Han , Zhang Rufei , Zhou Jun , Cheng Ying , Li Juan , Xiao Qiwei , Yin Zihan , Xu Guixing , Zhao Ling , Liang Fanrong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
Persistent and intractable hiccups bring serious inconvenience to patients’ work and daily life, and impair their quality of life. Relevant studies showed that acupuncture therapy might be effective in treating persistent and intractable hiccups. However, there is no consistent conclusion so far. The aim of our research is to investigate the safeties and effectiveness of acupuncture in treating patients with persistent and intractable hiccups.

Methods:
We will search randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using acupuncture therapy to treat persistent and intractable hiccups in the following 6 English electronic databases and 3 Chinese electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Allied and Alternative Medicine (AMED), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP) and Wanfang data. The cure rate and the total effective rate will be considered as the primary outcomes. Complete cessation within a given period post-treatment of hiccups, changes in frequency or intensity of hiccups, concomitant symptom score, and adverse events will be considered as secondary outcomes. We will use Endnote software 9.1 for studies selection, Review Manager software 5.3, and STATA 13.0 software for analysis and synthesis.

Results:
we will synthesize current studies to evaluate the the safeties and effectiveness of acupuncture for persistent and intractable hiccups.

Conclusion:
Our study will provide evidence of acupuncture therapy for persistent and intractable hiccups.
Epiduroscopic decompression of a symptomatic perineural cyst
Authors: Jeong Sangmin , Nahm Francis Sahngun , Lee Jae-Sung , Han Woong Ki , Choi Eunjoo , Lee Pyung-Bok , Lee Ho-Jin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Perineural cysts in the spinal canal are usually asymptomatic. However, symptoms can occur when the cyst becomes large enough to compress a nerve root. There are still no established treatment options for this disease. In this report, we describe a case of successful decompression of the large symptomatic perineural cyst using epiduroscope.

Patient concerns:
A 42-year-old male patient visited our pain center complaining of discomfort and pain in his right posterior thigh. Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient showed a large perineural cyst (53 × 31 × 21 mm) compressing the right S1 nerve. No other abnormalities that would explain the patient's symptoms were identified.

Diagnosis:
Perineural cyst at the right S1 nerve.

Interventions:
We performed an epiduroscopic decompression of the perineural cyst. After advancing the epiduroscope and locating the cyst, we used the laser to make a hole in the cyst wall. Then, the epiduroscope was advanced into the cyst, and the cystic fluid was aspirated.

Outcomes:
The symptoms of the patient were relieved after the procedure, without any complications. There was no recurrence of symptoms until 6 months after the procedure.

Lessons:
The epiduroscope is a minimally invasive method which can be used safely for decompression of symptomatic perineural cysts in the spinal canal.
Evaluation of retinal function improvement in neovascular age-related macular degeneration after intravitreal aflibercept injections with the use of the assessment of retinal sensitivity
Authors: Michalska-Małecka Katarzyna , Kałużny Jakub , Nowak Mariusz , Gościniewicz Poitr , Matysik-Woźniak Anna , Nowomiejska Katarzyna , Karpe Jacek , Rejdak Robert 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study compares 2 methods of macular function evaluation: the microperimetric examination (mean central retinal sensitivity and fixation stability) and the distance best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) examination, which is the most frequently used method of assessing macular function in patients with newly diagnosed wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who have been treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drug (aflibercept).
Prospective analysis was conducted on 44 eyes of 44 patients treated with intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF (aflibercept) because of newly diagnosed neovascular AMD. According to the research protocol, all patients had a 6-month follow-up. The response to treatment was monitored functionallybyMP-1 microperimetry, fixation, and distance BCVA assessment after injection. Improvement of retinal sensitivity and BCVA was found under aflibercept treatment. There was statistically significant improvement in retinal sensitivity in the MP-1 study 3 and 6 months from the beginning of anti-VEGF therapy. Moreover, a significant improvement in retinal sensitivity between 3 and 6 months of observation was demonstrated. At the same time, up to 3 months from the beginning of treatment, BCVA improved significantly compared to the baseline value. In the 6th month of the study BCVA remained stable without further significant improvement.
Microperimetric examination with medium sensitivity and fixation stability assessment is a very valuable test determining the retinal function. It is clear that examining the macular morphology itself in modern diagnostics is not enough to assess retinal function. Microperimetry technique is a valuable tool for functional long-term evaluation of retinal function (also for a period of more than 3 months).
Differential predictive factors for cardiovascular events in patients with or without cancer history
Authors: Sueta Daisuke , Tabata Noriaki , Ikeda Satoshi , Saito Yuichi , Ozaki Kazuyuki , Sakata Kenji , Matsumura Takeshi , Yamamoto-Ibusuki Mutsuko , Murakami Yoji , Jodai Takayuki , Fukushima Satoshi , Yoshida Naoya , Kamba Tomomi , Araki Eiichi , Iwase Hirotaka , Fujii Kazuhiko , Ihn Hironobu , Kobayashi Yoshio , Minamino Tohru , Yamagishi Masakazu , Maemura Koji , Baba Hideo , Matsui Kunihiko , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Although attention has been paid to the relationship between malignant diseases and cardiovascular diseases, few data have been reported. Moreover, there have also been few reports in which the preventive factors were examined in patients with or without malignant disease histories requiring percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
This was a retrospective, single-center, observational study. A total of 1003 post-PCI patients were divided into a malignant group, with current or past malignant disease, and a nonmalignant group. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization, and admission due to heart failure within 5 years of PCI. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a significantly higher probability of the primary endpoint in the malignant group (P = .002). Multivariable Cox hazard analyses showed that in patients without a history of malignant, body mass index (BMI) and the presence of dyslipidemia were independent and significant negative predictors of the primary endpoint (BMI: hazard ratio [HR] 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53–0.99, P = .041; prevalence of dyslipidemia: HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52–0.99, P = .048), and the presence of multi-vessel disease (MVD) and the prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) were independent and significant positive predictors of the primary endpoint (prevalence of MVD: HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.18–2.40, P = .004; prevalence of PAD: HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.03–2.21, P = .034). In patients with histories of malignancy, no significant independent predictive factors were identified.
Patients undergoing PCI with malignancy had significantly higher rates of adverse cardiovascular events but might not have the conventional prognostic factors.
The association of serum uric acid levels in psoriasis patients
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Liu Ming , Liu WenHong , Du Hua 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background:
Current research has proved that psoriasis is associated with serum uric acid (SUAC) levels. Our purpose is to clarify SUAC levels and the incidence of hyperuricemia in psoriasis patients, and to compare SUCA levels in different groups’ psoriasis patients.

Methods:
We plan to search 7 electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and 4 Chinese databases) from inception to August 2019. Literatures selection and data collection will be performed independently by 2 authors. The Newcastle–Ottawa scale will be used to assess the methodologic quality and bias of included studies. Firstly, standard pairwise meta-analysis will be used to examine the considered data synthesis. Secondly, if the identified studies appear sufficiently similar within and across the different comparisons between different groups of psoriasis patients, we will estimate SUAC levels using network meta-analysis in different age and ethnicity psoriasis patients. Mean difference, risk ratio, and 95% confidence intervals will be used to assess the SUAC levels and the incidence of hyperuricemia in psoriasis patients. The software of Stata and WinBUGS will be used to calculations.

Results:
The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
Our study will compare SUCA levels in different groups’ psoriasis patients through network meta-analysis, and we believe our job is very meaningful.

Ethics and dissemination:
Our study is a secondary study of the existing literature. So, ethical and dissemination approval is not required.