bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Explaining the impact of mHealth on maternal and child health care in low- and middle-income countries: A realist synthesis
Authors: Kabongo Eveline Muika , Mukumbang Ferdinand , Delobelle Peter N/A , Nicol Edward N/A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite the growing global application of mobile health (mHealth) technology in maternal and child health, contextual factors, and mechanisms by which interventional outcomes are generated, have not been subjected to a systematic examination. In this study, we sought to uncover context, mechanisms, and outcome elements of various mHealth interventions based on implementation and evaluation studies to formulate theories or models explicating how mHealth interventions work (or not) both for health care providers and for pregnant women and mothers.Method: We undertook a realist synthesis. An electronic search of six online databases (Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Academic Search Premier, and Health Systems Evidence) was performed. Using appropriate Boolean phrases terms and selection procedures, 32 articles were identified. A theory-driven approach, narrative synthesis, was applied to synthesize the data. Thematic content analysis was used to delineate elements of the intervention, including its context, actors, mechanisms, and outcomes. Abduction and retroduction were applied using a realist evaluation heuristic tool to formulate generative theories.Results: We formulated two configurational models illustrating how and why mHealth impacts the implementation and uptake of maternal and child care services. Implementation-related mechanisms include buy-in from health care providers, perceived support of health care providers’ motivation, and perceived ease of use and usefulness. These mechanisms were influenced by adaptive health system conditions including organization, resource availability, policy implementation dynamics, experience with technology, network infrastructure, and connectivity. For pregnant women and mothers, mechanisms that trigger mHealth use and consequently uptake of maternal and child health care include perceived satisfaction, motivation, and positive psychological support. Information overload was identified as a potential negative mechanism impacting the uptake of maternal and child health care. These mechanisms were influenced by health system conditions, socio-cultural characteristics, socio-economic and demographics characteristics, network infrastructure and connectivity, and awareness.Conclusion: Models developed in this study provide a detailed understanding of the implementation and uptake of mHealth interventions and how and why they impact maternal and child health care in low- and middle-income countries. These models provide a foundation for the ‘white box’ of theory-driven evaluation of mHealth interventions and can improve rollout and implementation where required.
The genetic control of leaf and petal allometric variations in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Yaohua , Yang Suxin , Wu Chunxia , Shao Qun , Feng Xianzhong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOrgan shape and size covariation (allometry) are essential concepts for the study of evolution and development. Although ample research has been conducted on organ shape and size, little research has considered the correlated variation of these two traits and quantitatively measured the variation in a common framework. The genetic basis of allometry variation in a single organ or among different organs is also relatively unknown.ResultsA principal component analysis (PCA) of organ landmarks and outlines was conducted and used to quantitatively capture shape and size variation in leaves and petals of multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) populations of Arabidopsis thaliana. The PCA indicated that size variation was a major component of allometry variation and revealed negatively correlated changes in leaf and petal size. After quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, five QTLs for the fourth leaf, 11 QTLs for the seventh leaf, and 12 QTLs for petal size and shape were identified. These QTLs were not identical to those previously identified, with the exception of the ER locus. The allometry model was also used to measure the leaf and petal allometry covariation to investigate the evolution and genetic coordination between homologous organs. In total, 12 QTLs were identified in association with the fourth leaf and petal allometry covariation, and eight QTLs were identified to be associated with the seventh leaf and petal allometry covariation. In these QTL confidence regions, there were important genes associated with cell proliferation and expansion with alleles unique to the maximal effects accession. In addition, the QTLs associated with life-history traits, such as days to bolting, stem length, and rosette leaf number, which were highly coordinated with climate change and local adaption, were QTL mapped and showed an overlap with leaf and petal allometry, which explained the genetic basis for their correlation.ConclusionsThis study explored the genetic basis for leaf and petal allometry and their interaction, which may provide important information for investigating the correlated variation and evolution of organ shape and size in Arabidopsis.
Response of phytohormone mediated plant homeodomain (PHD) family to abiotic stress in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum spp.)
Authors: Wu Huanhuan , Zheng Lei , Qanmber Ghulam , Guo Mengzhen , Wang Zhi , Yang Zuoren 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The sequencing and annotations of cotton genomes provide powerful theoretical support to unravel more physiological and functional information. Plant homeodomain (PHD) protein family has been reported to be involved in regulating various biological processes in plants. However, their functional studies have not yet been carried out in cotton.Results: In this study, 108, 55, and 52 PHD genes were identified in G. hirsutum, G. raimondii, and G. arboreum, respectively. A total of 297 PHD genes from three cotton species, Arabidopsis, and rice were divided into five groups. We performed chromosomal location, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, and conserved domain analysis for GhPHD genes. GhPHD genes were unevenly distributed on each chromosome. However, more GhPHD genes were distributed on At_05, Dt_05, and At_07 chromosomes. GhPHD proteins depicted conserved domains, and GhPHD genes exhibiting similar gene structure were clustered together. Further, whole genome duplication (WGD) analysis indicated that purification selection greatly contributed to the functional maintenance of GhPHD gene family. Expression pattern analysis based on RNA-seq data showed that most GhPHD genes showed clear tissue-specific spatiotemporal expression patterns elucidating the multiple functions of GhPHDs in plant growth and development. Moreover, analysis of cis-acting elements revealed that GhPHDs may respond to a variety of abiotic and phytohormonal stresses. In this regard, some GhPHD genes showed good response against abiotic and phytohormonal stresses. Additionally, co-expression network analysis indicated that GhPHDs are essential for plant growth and development, while GhPHD genes response against abiotic and phytohormonal stresses may help to improve plant tolerance in adverse environmental conditions.Conclusion: This study will provide useful information to facilitate further research related to the vital roles of GhPHD gene family in plant growth and development.
Use of T-SPOT.TB for the diagnosis of unconventional pleural tuberculosis is superior to ADA in high prevalence areas: A prospective analysis of 601 cases
Authors: Yang Xinting , zhang jing , Liang Qingtao , Pan Liping , Duan Hongfei , Yang Yang , Li Hua , Guo Chao , Sun Qi , Jia Hongyan , Du Boping , Wei Rongrong , Xing Aiying , Zhang Zongde , Chen Xiaoyou 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is the most common extrapulmonary manifestation and may have lasting effect on lung function. However conventional diagnostic tests for TPE register multiple limitations. This study estimates diagnostic efficacy of the interferon gamma release assay (IGRA: T-SPOT.TB) in TPE patients of different characteristics.METHODS: We performed a prospective, single-centre study including all suspected pleural effusion patients consecutively enrolled from June 2015 to October 2018. Through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, technical cut-offs and the utility of T-SPOT on pleural fluid (PF) were determined and analysed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain the independent risk factors for TPE, and evaluated the performance of the T-SPOT assay stratified by risk factors in comparison to ADA.RESULTS: A total of 601 individuals were consecutively recruited. The maximum spot-forming cells (SFCs) of early secretory antigenic target-6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein-10 (CFP-10) in the PF T-SPOT assay had the best diagnostic efficiency in our study, which was equal to ADA (0.885 vs 0.887, P=0.957) and superior to peripheral blood (PB), with a sensitivity of 83.0% and a specificity of 83.1% (The cut-off value was 466 SFCs/106 mononuclear cells). Among the TPE patients with low ADA (<40 IU/L), the sensitivity and specificity of PF T-SPOT were still 87.9% and 90.5%, respectively. The utility of ADA was negatively related to increasing age, but the PF T-SPOT test had a steady performance at all ages. Age (<45 yrs; odds ratio (OR) = 5.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.59-8.78; P<0.001), gender (male; OR = 2.68, 95% CI 1.75-2.88; P<0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (<22; OR = 1.93, 95% CI 1.30-2.88; P=0.001) were independently associated with the risk of TB by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Notably, when stratified by risk factor, the sensitivity of PF T-SPOT was superior to the sensitivity for ADA (76.5% vs. 23.5%, P=0.016) and had noninferior specificity (84.4% vs. 96.9%, P=0.370).CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the PF T-SPOT assay can effectively discriminate TPE patients whose ADA is lower than 40 IU/L and is superior to ADA in unconventional TPE patients (age≥45 yrs, female or BMI≥22). The PF T-SPOT assay is an excellent choice to supplement ADA to diagnose TPE.
Monitoring the evolution of posttraumatic symptomatology, depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazilians (COVIDPsiq)
Authors: Calegaro Vitor Crestani , Negretto Bianca Lorenzi , Weber Leopoldo Pompeo , Kerber Natalia , Zoratto Gustavo , Rodrigues Leonardo , Braun Luiza Elizabete , Kochler Julia , Girardi  , Picinin Vitor Daniel , Maciel Luísa , Labre Gabriel Salomão , Costa Fernanda Coloniese Dala 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In view of the evolution of the pandemic by COVID-19 in Brazil, and the adoption of social restriction measures, an increase in cases of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorder and depression is expected. In epidemic situations, mental health services can become overloaded; however, the evolution of these disorders over time is not known. This study aims to monitor the evolution of PTSD symptoms, anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazilians, and to investigate sociodemographic risk factors related to psychiatric history and contagion, as well as maladaptive personality traits and posttraumatic growth. It will be a longitudinal study, conducted through online questionnaires, with a sample of non-probabilistic convenience. The inclusion criteria are: being brazilian born or living in Brazilian territory; be over 18 years old; have access to digital devices; and be literate. A sample of at least 2000 people is expected. The instruments applied are a research questionnaire, the Posttraumatic Checklist 5 (PCL-5), the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5 – brief form (PID-5-BF), and the PostTraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). The study will be carried out in four stages: entry, one month, three months, and six months after the entry. The study relies on voluntary participation, with the agreement through the Free and Informed Consent Form. Data collection will be conducted in 2020, and the study will be completed in 2021. It will be financed with its own resources, and encouragement will be sought through research funding agencies.
Changes in physicochemical, heavy metals and air quality in life episode of Aplocheilus panchax along Mahanadi industrial belt of India as a function of social lockdowns
Authors: Paital Biswaranjan , Agrawal Pawan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The COVID-19 induced lockdowns have many positive effects on the environment. However, a preplanned experiment explaining the impacts of such lockdowns on environmental markers and appearance of fish species is lacking. We hypothesize that spotting the fish Aplocheilus panchax along the industrial belt of Mahanadi River near Cuttack in a never seen manner could be due to the regenerated environment. Heavy metals, water quality and air qualities along with spotting A. panchax in up, mid and down stations in Mahanadi River at Jagatpur industrial basins were analysed at pre-lockdown (end of March 2020) and after 60 days of lockdown (last week of May 2020). Here we show that an overall reduction of 45, 61, 79, 100, 97 and 90% of Fe, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb and Zn, respectively, was recorded in the studied area after lockdowns. Similarly, dissolved oxygen and pH was elevated by 26 and 7%, respectively. Water temperature, conductivity and total dissolved solute levels were reduced by 7, 46 and 15%, respectively. Air NO2, SO2, NH3, PM2.5, PM10 and CO levels were alleviated by 58.75, 80.33, 72.22, 76.28, 77.33 and 80.15%, respectively. Finally, for the first time we documented about 12 numbers of the A. panchax per 100 m shore line in the area. The observed lockdown induced environmental healing at the studied area could contribute to this and therefore a stringent environmental audit is suggested during post-COVID-19 periods to make the regenerated environmental status long lasting at several places of the planet.
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the accessibility of multidisciplinary diagnostics of neurodevelopmental disorders in Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Cloet Eva , Jansen Anna , Leys Mark 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Neurodevelopmental disorders start in early childhood and may restrict personal, scholastic, social and professional development and functioning. Early detection and smooth trajectories of diagnostics, rehabilitation and support affect the child's development and opportunities. A specialized multidisciplinary team must do a diagnostic evaluation. While accessibility to multidisciplinary diagnostics for all children in Flanders (Belgium) is problematic in regular times, the lockdown measures taken by the end of March 2020 in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic could amplify this problem. This article aims to explore the impact of lockdown policy measures on the accessibility of multidisciplinary diagnostics of developmental disorders.Methods This “rapid response” study was commissioned by the Flemish authorities, as a follow up of a broader study on accessibility of multidisciplinary diagnostics. A questionnaire with open-ended questions was sent out to respondents of three key types of facilities: the Centers for Ambulatory Rehabilitation, Autism Reference Centers and Centers for Developmental Disorders. Qualitative data were thematically analyzed in an iterative process by researcher triangulation.Results Measures taken in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic negatively impacted on waiting periods which lengthened with at least three months and even longer for certain target groups. Specific guidelines to minimize the risk of virus contamination, impact on planning, time management and the quality of the diagnostic assessments. Respondents reported them as being time consuming, uncomfortable, with an increasing workload and leading to a reduction in the number of daily diagnostic activities. Suggested catching-up strategies were increase of public funding, a less rigid application of regulations and a complete or partial assignment stop.Conclusion The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic reinforced the existing problem of accessibility because of a general shortage of diagnostic capacity. On a shorter term accessibility problems can be tempered by providing “bridging care” during waiting periods. On the longer term, strengthening regional interorganisational collaboration is required, to enhance more efficient and effective diagnostic trajectories in facilities providing adapted services to the needs of the children.
A chromosomal-level genome assembly and the diet habit-specific amino acid mutation identification of the Cyprinidae fish Ancherythroculter nigrocauda
Authors: Sun Yanhong , Wang Guiying , Gui Jianfang , Chen Jian , Li Pei , Zhu Dongmei , Liu Yingwu , Zhang Zongqun , Li Wei , Li Qing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Ancherythroculter nigrocauda is an endemic Cyprinidae fish in China, it has many desirable traits for genetic breeding, including strong disease resistance, unusual stress tolerance and high efficiency in nutrition update, which have made it an emerging commercial aquaculture fish. With the publication of its close-related species’ genome sequence, we can study the diet-specific genomic mutations within Cyprinidae.
Results

Here we report whole genome assembly of a female A. nigrocauda individual constructed using the single molecule DNA sequencing platform PacBio Sequel. With the help of Hi-C anchoring, we successfully placed contigs to chromosome level (2n = 48), yielding a genome size of 1054.05 Mb with contig N50 of 3.40 Mb and scaffold N50 of 42.68 Mb. This genome assembly, which has reached a high base-level accuracy of 99.999%, harboring 33,606 annotated protein-coding genes. We also found 582 genes hold diet-specific amino acid mutation between herbivorous and carnivorous fishes and 26 of them showed significant different expression patterns in liver tissue of these two types of fishes.
Conclusions

The availability of the chromosome-level genome assembly of A. nigrocauda provides valuable resources for future in-depth comparative genomics studies and applications including genetic breeding. The diet-specific amino acid mutation can be used in breeding of new strains of carnivorous fishes which feed on herbivorous fodder.
Is mild hypernatremia an independent predictor of poor clinical outcome in neurocritically ill patients?
Authors: Lee Yun Im , Ahn Joonghyun , Ryu Jeong-Am 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We investigated the impact of hypernatremia on mortality of neurocritically ill patients. Among neurosurgical patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) from January 2013 to December 2019, the patients who were hospitalized in the ICU for more than 5 days included. Hypernatremia was defined as the highest serum sodium level exceeding 150 mEq/L observed. Among 1,146 patients, 353 patients (30.8%) showed hypernatremia. Based on propensity score matching, 290 pairs were analyzed. Hypernatremia group had higher rates of in-hospital mortality compared with non-hypernatremia group in overall and matched population (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). In multivariable analysis of propensity score-matched population, moderate and severe hypernatremia were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 4.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.15 – 9.75 and adjusted OR: 6.93, 95% CI: 3.46 – 13.90, respectively) compared with the absence of hypernatremia. However, in-hospital mortality was not significantly different between non-hypernatremia and mild hypernatremia groups (p = 0.720). Interestingly, mild hypernatremia group of matched population showed the best survival rate. Eventually, moderate and severe hypernatremia were associated with poor clinical outcomes in neurocritically ill patients. However, prognosis of the patients with mild hypernatremia was similar with those without hypernatremia.
Evaluation of Pelvic Floor Muscle Function(PFMF)&nbsp;in Cervical Cancer Patients with Querleu-Morrow type C Hysterectomy：A Multicenter Study
Authors: Wang Shiyan , Wen Hongwu , Gao Yunong , Lv Qiubo , Li Hongyu , Wang Sumei , Wang Yanlong , Liu Qing , Han Jinsong , Wang Haibo , Li Yi , Yu Na , Wang Qing , Cao Tingting , Wang Sha , Sun Huaxin , Sun Xiuli , Wang Jianliu , Wang Zhiqi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis To evaluate the pelvic floor muscle function (PFMF) of cervical cancer patients after type QM-C hysterectomy and to explore the relationship between decreased PFMF and related factors.. Methods This was a multi-centered retrospective cohort study. 181 cervical cancer patients underwent type QM-C hysterectomy were enrolled from 9 tertiary hospitals. Strength of PFMF were measured by using neuromuscular apparatus (Phenix U8, French). Risk factors contributed to decreased PFMF was analyzed by univariate and multivariate ordinal ploytomous logistic regression. Results Totally 181 patients were investigated in this study.0-3 level of type I muscle fibre strength(MFSI) was 52.6%(95/181),0-3 level of type ⅡA muscle fibre strength(MFSⅡA) was 50%(91/181). Subjective stress urinary incontinence was 46%(84/181),urinary retention was 27.3%(50/181),dyschezia was 41.5%(75/181),fecal incontinence was 9%(18/181).①MFSI：Multivariate ordinal ploytomous logistic regression shows that the follow-up time(p<0.05),chemotherapy and radiotherapy (p=0.038) are independent risk factors of MFSI’s reduction after type QM-C hysterectomy.② MFSⅡA：Multivariate ordinal ploytomous logistic regression shows that the follow-up time(p<0.05) are independent risk factors of MFSⅡA’s reduction after type QM-C hysterectomy. The pelvic floor muscle strength(PFMS) increased after 9 months than in 9 months after operation, which showed that the PFMS could be recovered after operation. Conclusions We advocate for more attention and emphasis on the PFMF of Chinese female patients with cervical cancer postoperation. Contribution of the Paper The key messages of the article is that PFMF after QM-C hysterectomy have not been analyzed by current study.The new knowledge added by this study is that 3 months after radical hysterectomy patients’ should do pelvic floor rehabilitation exercises.