bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of charge on the uptake and resistance to reduction of platinum(iv) complexes in human serum and whole blood models
Authors: Chen Catherine K J , Gui Xiao , Kappen Peter , Renfrew Anna K , Hambley Trevor W 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
cis- and trans-Platinum(iv) complexes with diaminetetracarboxylate coordination spheres possess the highly desirable property of exhibiting unusual resistance to reduction by blood serum components and endogenous reductants such as ascorbate. At the same time they are rapidly reduced in the intracellular environment of cancer cells. Consequently, they can potentially be tuned to remain intact in vivo until arrival at the tumour target where they are rapidly reduced to yield the active platinum(ii) species. However, in order to achieve this, uptake must be largely restricted to tumour cells and therefore uptake by healthy cells including red blood cells must be prevented. In this proof of concept study, we report on the effect of net charge as a means of controlling the uptake by red blood cells. Using 1H NMR spectroscopy we found that modifying the net charge of the complex does not influence the rate of reduction of the complexes by an excess of ascorbate. Using XANES spectroscopy we found that modifying the net charge of the platinum(iv) complexes decreased the extent of reduction in whole blood, although probably not to the degree needed for the optimal delivery to tumours. Therefore, it is likely to be necessary to adopt higher charges and/or additional strategies to keep platinum(iv) prodrugs out of blood cells.
Multi-waveband quasi-periodic oscillations in the light curves of blazar CTA 102 during its 2016–2017 optical outburst
Authors: Sarkar Arkadipta , Kushwaha Pankaj , Gupta Alok C. , Chitnis Varsha R. , Wiita Paul J. 
Published: August 2020

Context. Quasi-periodic fluctuations in the light curves of blazars can provide insight into the underlying emission process. This type of flux modulation hints at periodic physical processes that result in emission. CTA 102, a flat spectrum radio quasar at a redshift of 1.032, has displayed significant activity since 2016. The multi-waveband light curve of CTA 102 shows signs of quasi-periodic oscillations during the 2016–2017 flare.
Aims. Our goal is to rigorously quantify the presence of any possible periodicity in the emitted flux during the mentioned period and to explore the possible causes that can give rise to it.
Methods. Techniques such as the Lomb-Scargle periodogram and weighted wavelet z-transform were employed to observe the power emitted at different frequencies. To quantify the significance of the dominant period, Monte-Carlo techniques were employed to consider an underlying smooth bending power-law model for the power spectrum. In addition, the light curve was modeled using an autoregressive process (AR1) to analytically obtain the significance of the dominant period. Lastly, the light curve was modeled using a generalized autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) process to check whether introducing a seasonal (periodic) component results in a statistically preferable model.
Results. Highly significant, simultaneous quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) were observed in the γ-ray and optical fluxes of blazar CTA 102 during its highest optical activity episode in 2016–2017. The periodic flux modulation had a dominant period of ∼7.6 days and lasted for ∼8 cycles (MJD 57710–57770). All of the methods used point toward significant (> 4σ) quasi-periodic modulation in both γ-ray and optical fluxes.
Conclusions. Several possible models were explored while probing the origin of the periodicity, and by extension, the 2016–2017 optical flare. The best explanation for the detected QPO appears to be a region of enhanced emission (blob), moving helically inside the jet.
Upper Extremity Tendon Transfers: A Brief Review of History, Common Applications, and Technical Tips
Authors: Gardenier Jason , Garg Rohit , Mudgal Chaitanya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground Tendon transfer in the upper extremity represents a powerful tool in the armamentarium of a reconstructive surgeon in the setting of irreparable nerve injury or the anatomic loss of key portions of the muscle-tendon unit. The concept uses the redundancy/expendability of tendons by utilizing a nonessential tendon to restore the function of a lost or nonfunctional muscle-tendon unit of the upper extremity. This article does not aim to perform a comprehensive review of tendon transfers. Instead it is meant to familiarize the reader with salient historical features, common applications in the upper limb, and provide the reader with some technical tips, which may facilitate a successful tendon transfer.Learning Objectives (1) Familiarize the reader with some aspects of tendon transfer history. (2) Identify principles of tendon transfers. (3) Identify important preoperative considerations. (4) Understand the physiology of the muscle-tendon unit and the Blix curve. (5) Identify strategies for setting tension during a tendon transfer and rehabilitation strategies.Design This study was designed to review the relevant current literature and provide an expert opinion.Conclusions Tendon transfers have evolved from polio to tetraplegia to war and represent an extremely powerful technique to correct neurologic and musculotendinous deficits in a variety of patients affected by trauma, peripheral nerve palsies, cerebral palsy, stroke, and inflammatory arthritis. In the contemporary setting, these very same principles have also been very successfully applied to vascularized composite allotransplantation in the upper limb.
Désintégration modale et temporelle de l’espace théâtral
Authors: Wołowski Witold , Wołowska Katarzyna 
Published: August 2020

Résumé

A la nuit la nuit de François Billetdoux est une pièce de théâtre écrite presque tout entière au
conditionnel et avec des structures verbales et discursives du mode irréel. L’emploi de cette stratégie linguistique, qui fait le principal
objet des analyses effectuées dans le présent travail (à la fois littéraire, linguistique et théâtrologique), est corrolaire d’une intention
de fragiliser les bases ’’factuelles’’ sur lesquelles se fonde la construction de l’univers représenté dans l’œuvre. La pièce de Billetdoux
s’inscrit ainsi dans la lignée de la Sonate des spectres, de l’Annonce faite à Benoît et d’autres textes
littéraires et dramatiques qui montrent une certaine relativité des histoires individuelles.
Regulation Model of Suppressing Wind Power Fluctuation Based on Small Hydropower Virtual Power Plant
Authors: Wu Yangjin , Gao Jianyu , Hong Yunfei , Zhou Hanze , Ye Jiawei , Liu Lianguang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Using energy storage power station to suppress wind power fluctuation has large investment and low economic effect. According to the condition that Ningde grid has adjustable small hydropower, two construction schemes of virtual power plant based on adjustable small hydropower is proposed to suppress the power fluctuation of the coastal wind power in Ningde. The objective function of the coordination and optimization regulation model is to minimize the generation cost of the small hydropower units. Based on the cascade hydropower model, the water constraints of the reservoir and output constraints of the hydropower, as well as the constraints of stable operation of power system are considered. A double-layer algorithm based on the branch and bound and the checking and adding method of power flow constraint is used to solve the optimal model. The algorithm proves the validity of the optimal scheduling model and proposes the optimal strategies of the small hydropower. The simulation results show that the virtual power plant using small hydropower to suppress wind power fluctuation can effectively realize friendly access of Ningde wind farm, reduce the operation cost of power grid and achieve low carbon and clean electric power without additional construction investment.
Advance in Improving the Electrical Performance of Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Wu Wanjing , Zhang Duwei , Fang Ping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
As a bioelectrochemical hybrid system, microbial fuel cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy through microbial metabolism, which has great advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection, high energy conversion efficiency, and reduced sludge volume. Therefore, how to improve the power generation performance and output power of MFC has been a hot topic in recent years. Based on this, on the basis of reviewing many literatures, this review analyzes the main factors influencing the electrical performance of MFC by combining the principle of MFC and its electronic transfer mechanism, including battery reactor structure, exchange membrane, anode microorganisms, electrode materials and parameters, etc. At the same time, the application prospect of MFC is discussed, including CW-MFC coupling technology, biosensor and sewage treatment technology. Finally, the present challenges of MFC are put forward, and a better application research direction is proposed for the future of MFC.
Collaborative Planning of Charging Station and Distribution Network Considering Electric Vehicle Mobile Energy Storage
Authors: Hua Guanghui , Xu Qingqiang , Zhang Yating , Yu Tian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A collaborative planning model for electric vehicle (EV) charging station and distribution networks is proposed in this paper based on the consideration of electric vehicle mobile energy storage. As a mobile charging load, EVs can interact with the power grid. Taking EVs as planning considerations, subsidies for EVs are used to shift the charging load to the feeder network area with a large margin, reducing the transformer capacity and reducing the overall planning cost. Finally, the article uses CPLEX to solve the optimization problem, and uses an 18-node distribution system for simulation verification.
Matching Design of Two Heat Collecting Modes in Solar Water Heating System in Alpine Region
Authors: Zhang Lingfei , Wang Ruidong , Liu Chen , Li Ruochen , Mao Ting 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In view of the practical problems of using hot water in production and life in this remote farming and pastoral area in Guoluo, Qinghai Province, this paper studies and realizes the technology of multi-module integrated heating system for agriculture and animal husbandry in the alpine region. In the alpine region represented by the Guoluo area, there are sufficient solar radiation resources. This paper adopts the heat collecting method of Fresnel collector and electric auxiliary heating, and takes into account the actual situation of solar radiation, water demand and seasonal energy demand in the Guoluo area. The matching design of two important parameters of Fresnel solar collector area and electric auxiliary heater power in the system model is studied to realize the high-efficiency photothermal comprehensive utilization of solar energy and achieve effective low-cost coupling with electric heating. Finally, through the research of this paper, with the principle of low cost and low energy consumption, it will effectively solve the problem of agricultural and livestock production and living water in alpine regions, and provide examples for solving the problem of heating in winter in agricultural and pastoral areas.
Study on the Combination of Low-Pressure Hydrogen Cylinder and Non-sintered Ceramic Wall to Solve Water Permeability
Authors: Chang Ting-Yu , Wu Shinn-Dar , Huang Chun-Ming , Yang Yu-Lin , Lin Yea-Chyi , Hung Yen-Ling , Chang Yen-Hsiu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Global green energy development by many technological breakthroughs, so that the new composite materials modified and designed, so that new energy has a new look, this study to improve people’s high-pressure hydrogen storage of hydrogen energy technology hazards and hidden worries, so design and improve the local low-pressure hydrogen storage combined with secondary building wall design, and sustainable environmental thinking, The use of waste ceramic reuse technology, combined with low-pressure hydrogen bottle design to form a new composite material structure, and the best parameters to solve waterproof non-sintered ceramic clad metal material research, and OM, salt spray, perspective X-RAY observation with metal now ceramic anti-corrosion permeability, the future use of geotechnical engineering, building diversification. More so that hydrogen in non-high pressure, more in people’s life circle and local hydrogen storage and PC use. Thank partially support by the MOST 108-2221-E-343-001.
Optimal Distribution of Heat Collecting Area of Two Collectors in Solar Water Heating Systems
Authors: Zhang Lingfei , Chen Huan , Liu Chen , He Yiling , Cao Lei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In view of the large seasonal temperature difference, and the large temperature difference between day and night, difficulty in supplying domestic hot water supply in high altitude area, and the contradiction between low efficiency and cost of single type solar collector system, a hybrid heat collection system based on two different types of solar collectors has been considered in this paper, and a multi-objective optimization model for the heat collecting area optimization of the hybrid solar collectors has also established to solve the above problems. Besides, a fast and effective multi-objective optimization method was proposed for solving of this multi-objective optimization model. This method is based on the fast non-dominated genetic algorithm and the multi-objective decision-making analytic hierarchy process, and was used to analyze the practical hot water supply in a farm in Guoluo zone. The research results shown that this proposed optimization algorithm can quickly and effectively complete the heat collecting area distribution of two different types of collectors in the combined heat collecting system given a certain weight of system cost and heat collecting area. Under the premise of guaranteeing sufficient hot water supply, the system cost is significantly reduced. Therefore, the problem of difficulty and high cost of hot water supply in the plateau region is solved, which has a good practical significance.
Research on Wind and PV Power Consumption Strategy Considering Limited Flexible Regulation of Transmitted Bundling Power on Tie-Line
Authors: Sun B , Shi J D , Jiao B Q , Zang C , Zeng Y , Liu B 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
There are many “west-to-east” electricity transmission lines in China, some of which transmit bundling power among which including wind and photovoltaic (PV) power. On one hand, according to the interconnected power systems theory, the transmitted power on trans-regional tie-lines needs to keep relatively stable. Therefore, wind turbines and PV facilities have to be bundled with other controllable units, e.g., thermal units. On the other hand, the ratio of wind and PV electricity on tie-lines can be improved by making full use of flexible regulation strategy. With which, the transmitted power can be adjusted along with the day-ahead forecast results of wind energy and solar radiation intensity in some degree. Some work was done on the day-ahead limited flexible regulation. Firstly, the operation rules of the interconnected power systems were introduced, and the principle of how to improve the ratio of wind and PV electricity was explained. Then, considering the consumption and power supply economics of renewable electricity, an optimization model was established and the solving method was proposed. Finally, case studies were conducted. The variations of transmitted power curves under different focuses were analysed. The effectiveness of the proposed regulation strategy was confirmed.
Study on Heat Transfer Performance of Phase Change Thermal Storage Heat Pump Water Heater with Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Tu Zhigang , Xiong Ligui , Li Xinfang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
To explore the feasibility of applying carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/paraffin composites to heat pump water heater system, heat transfer characteristics of phase change thermal storage heat pump water heater were analyzed and discussed. It was shown that the melting and solidification rates of nanocomposite were significantly improved upon the addition of CNTs nanoparticles, and the heat pump heat water with thermal storage has good stability in heat storage and release process. There are some differences in the distribution of temperature field in phase change thermal storage system, especially in exothermic stage. Thermal “stagnation” occurs near the corner of the outlet of water medium, so it is necessary to increase the amount of materials appropriately. Compared with traditional regenerative heat pump water heater with water tank, volume of regenerator of heat pump water heater is reduced by about 1/2 with the addition of nano-composites, and the thermal efficiency can reach 86%. The running experimental results of heat pump water heater suggests the reliability of designment of the thermal energy storage and the feasibility of CNTs/paraffin using in the heat pump water heater. The temperature of CNTs-paraffin composites rises faster and the heat transfer time is shorter at higher ambient temperature. Obviously, ambient temperature has a significant impact on the property of heat pump system.
Research on Environmentally Friendly Chemical Technology for Green Reusable and Sustainable Water Metal Copper Ions
Authors: Wu Shinn-Dar , He Sui-Qun , Yang Yu-Lin , Lin Yea-Chyi , Chang Ting-Yu , Peng Ching-Yu , Hsieh Meng-Ting 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In traditional chemical processes, they are considered highly polluting and unfriendly to the environment. The air, water, soil, and land were severely damaged. Among the international environmental protection issues, especially the development of industry is a very worthwhile study. Therefore, this study will discuss metal ions in water. This study takes copper as the object of discussion. In the future, different metals, such as nickel, iron, zinc, and other metals, will be discussed, and industrial process problems will be solved. For copper, it is also a common metal in life. Copper metal bottles, handicrafts, circuit boards, heat dissipation components, metal soldering agents, sewage treatment agents and many other uses. However, in the copper process, electroplating, and waste after use are often treated as secondary pollution. From the perspective of technology and process, an environmentally friendly chemical process is proposed, which can also make the best use of reactants and waste water. After the process improvement, the copper ions are post-processed to extract new copper compound material technology. At the same time, the water body is controlled at pH 7, which can be reused more to achieve the goal of sustainable circulation. Thank partially support by the MOST 108-2221-E-343-001.
Analysis and Research on Energy-Storage Characteristics of Light Metal
Authors: Hu Bo , Wu C J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Compared with traditional fossil fuels, light metal is expected to develop into a next generation of energy carriers that are renewable, clean, emission-free, and have excellent energy-storage performance. Based on the chemical reaction equation and the standard molar enthalpy of formation, the mass storage energy density, volumetric storage energy density, oxidant participation of different metals are calculated and compared with common fossil fuels. The results show that the volumetric energy-storage density of magnesium, aluminium, and silicon is about 135%-253% of gasoline, and the oxidant utilization rate is about 228%-305% of gasoline. The calculation results of light metal energy-storage characteristics reveal the great technical potential of light metal fuel to improve the endurance of underwater vehicles.
Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Virtual Power Plant Based on Hydropower Suppressing Wind Power Fluctuation
Authors: Wu Xiong , Zhou Hanze , Zheng Chuanliang , Gao Jianyu , Zheng Tao , Liu Lianguang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In order to assess the effects of the virtual power plants (VPP) participating in power grid regulation, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of virtual power plants based on hydropower suppressing wind power fluctuations from three aspects: hydropower regulation ability, grid operation and dispatching, and economy of VPPs. The weight of each index is determined by the combination weighting method based on the entropy weight method (EWM) and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). To verify the rationality and scientificity of the index and the weighting method in this paper, a regional power grid in Fujian has been taken as an example. Three VPP construction schemes including wind farms and small hydropower stations are selected and then the score of compare each index and total score of each scheme are calculated to determine the optimal scheme. The conclusion indicates that the evaluation index system and method is applied to the VPPs composed of wind power and hydropower and provides a theoretical reference for the construction and planning of VPPs in areas rich in wind and water resources.
Research on the Load Rate of Substation Considering Distributed Photovoltaics
Authors: Yan Wei , Tang Qinghua , Liu Liqing , Li Yunfei , Jiao Bingqi , Zhang Xin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The load rate of the substation can be increased after the distributed power source is connected to the distribution network. This paper proposes a calculation method of distribution network substation load rate that can effectively take into account distributed photovoltaic output. By simplifying distributed photovoltaic into a special transformer, the complexity of distribution network substation load rate analysis is reduced; The probabilistic effect of distributed photovoltaic on the load rate of substations is evaluated by the verification of “N-1”. Through the analysis of examples, the effectiveness of the method in this paper is proved.
Maintenance Expense Optimization Method for High Temperature Reactor Equipment Group
Authors: Che Shuping , Wu Qiaojun , Zhang Yanpeng , Geng Jie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The composition of the high-temperature reactor system is relatively complicated. The failure mechanism and degradation process of each component in the system are not the same, and the timing of failure is not the same, resulting it impossible to ensure all components being maintained by preventive planning maintenance. According to the fault correlation, time correlation, functional correlation and structural correlation between components in the multi-component system, the components that meet the maintenance conditions within a certain period of time can be integrated and repaired, which can not only share the fixed cost, but also reduce the downtime. It also increases the overall availability of the equipment.
Examining CO2 Emissions, Health Expenditure, and Economic Growth Nexus for China: A Co-integration Approach
Authors: Wang Chien-Ming , Chang Chi-Yun , Yuan Chien-Chung , Wang Jinwei , Feng Yin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study most importantly illustrates the long-run and short-run shocks between the three key variables of environmental pollution, health factors and economic development. The highly industrialized situation in China has caused a lot of energy consumption and a healthy decline. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between China’s health expenditure and CO2 emissions taking into account economic growth using the bootstrap ARDL test variable. The results show that the long-term CO2 emissions and medical costs have a critical impact on China’s economic development. On the other hand, this study found that there is a two-way causal relationship between China’s health expenditure and economic growth, as well as two-way causation between health expenditure and CO2 emissions. But the impact of the economy on the environment is only one-way causality. Therefore, our research has important policy implications for China to develop energy plans and strategies to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and protect human health.