bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of genetic vs nongenetic parental care on adult children's income and wealth in later life: An evolutionary analysis
Authors: Timming Andrew R. , French Michael T. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveUsing Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health data set, this preregistered study set out to investigate the effect of parental care arrangements (eg, genetically related parents, adoptive, step/ foster, genetic nonparental relative, and no parental figure) on adult children's income and wealth in later life.MethodsConsistent with the preregistration plan, multivariate analyses of covariance were first used to examine, separately, the effects of paternal and maternal care arrangements on children's income and wealth in later life. Further post hoc exploratory analyses were carried out to evaluate the robustness of the findings.ResultsThe results indicate that individual earnings in later life are unrelated to paternal care arrangements, thus questioning a key tenet of kin selection theory. However, children raised by biological fathers and adoptive fathers still enjoy significant economic advantages over nongenetic father figures and homes without fathers in relation to household income and wealth.ConclusionsPrevailing theories suggest that children raised by relatives, nongenetically related parents, and no father or mother suffer from a lack of parental investment that should manifest itself in reduced earnings and assets in adulthood. These theories are only partially correct, with evidence pointing to no deleterious effect of variable parental arrangements on individual earnings.
A pathogenic variant in the SETBP1 hotspot results in a forme‐fruste Schinzel–Giedion syndrome
Authors: Sullivan Jennifer A. , Stong Nicholas , Baugh Evan H. , McDonald Marie T. , Takeuchi Akihito , Shashi Vandana 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSchinzel–Giedion syndrome (SGS; OMIM 269150) is an ultra‐rare genetic disorder associated with a distinctive facial gestalt, congenital malformations, severe intellectual disability, and a progressive neurological course. The prognosis for SGS is poor, with survival beyond the first decade rare. Germline, de novo heterozygous variants in the SETBP1 gene cause SGS with the pathogenic variants associated with the SGS phenotype missense and confined to exon 4 of the gene, clustered in a four amino acid (12 bp) hotspot in the SKI homologous region of the SETBP1 protein. We report a patient with a de novo I871S variant within the SKI homologous region, which has been associated with the severe phenotype previously; but our patient has fewer features of SGS and a milder course. This is the first report of a forme‐fruste phenotype in a patient with a pathogenic variant within the SGS hotspot on the SETBP1 gene and it highlights the importance of considering atypical clinical presentations in the context of severe ultra‐rare genetic disorders.
Exhalation delivery system with fluticasone improves quality of life and health status: pooled analysis of phase 3 trials NAVIGATE I and II
Authors: Soler Zachary M. , Colman Sam , Velez Fulton F. , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps (CRSwNP/CRSsNP) seriously impairs health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). This analysis describes the impact of the exhalation delivery system with fluticasone (EDS‐FLU) on HRQoL, assessed by the 36‐item Short‐Form Health Survey version 2 (SF‐36v2), and on utilities, assessed via the Short‐Form 6‐Dimension (SF‐6D), in patients with CRSwNP.MethodsPost hoc analysis of pooled randomized clinical trial data (NAVIGATE I and II; N = 643) to examine change from baseline in SF‐36v2 and SF‐6D at end‐of‐double‐blind (EODB: 16 weeks) and end‐of‐open‐label (EOOL: 24 weeks; following 8 weeks of open‐label treatment) for EDS‐FLU vs placebo (EDS‐PBO). Baseline characteristics predictive of change in SF‐36 and SF‐6D scores were assessed.ResultsMean baseline SF‐36v2 scores were below population norms. At EODB, mean improvement was greater for all SF‐36v2 domain and component scores with EDS‐FLU (range: 2.9 [physical functioning] to 5.11 [bodily pain {BP}]) vs EDS‐PBO (range: 0.81 [mental health] to 2.87 [BP]) (each comparison p < 0.01); physical and mental component score improvements within the EDS‐FLU group exceeded the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvements in SF‐6D utility scores were seen in EDS‐FLU–treated patients compared to EDS‐PBO–treated patients (0.058 vs 0.023, respectively, p < 0.001). At EOOL, SF‐36v2 and SF‐6D mean scores were at or above population norms, with clinically meaningful and statistically significant improvements from baseline.ConclusionIn this pooled analysis of 2 large pivotal EDS‐FLU trials, health domain and health utilities improvements were significantly greater with EDS‐FLU than EDS‐PBO and were comparable to population norms.
Predictors of rhinorrhea response after posterior nasal nerve cryoablation for chronic rhinitis
Authors: Yoo Frederick , Kuan Edward C. , Batra Pete S. , Chan Carmen K. , Tajudeen Bobby A. , Craig John R. 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundPosterior nasal nerve (PNN) cryoablation has shown promise in improving rhinorrhea due to allergic and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR). Early case series have shown meaningful clinical improvement in 75‐80% of patients, but variables predicting PNN cryoablation success have not been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether disease features and ipratropium nasal spray response predicted rhinorrhea response after PNN cryoablation.MethodsA multi‐institutional retrospective case‐control study of 55 patients who underwent PNN cryoablation for bilateral rhinorrhea due to allergic, nonallergic, or mixed rhinitis was conducted at 3 tertiary medical centers. Patients received a 1‐month trial of ipratropium spray. Runny Nose Scores (RNSs) of 0‐5 from the 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test were collected prospectively, before and after PNN cryoablation.ResultsThe mean age of subjects was 55.3 years and 54.6% were women. Mean follow‐up was 170 days. NAR comprised 62% of patients. Of the 48 patients who trialed ipratropium spray, 33 (69%) had some response and 15 (31%) had no response. Mean overall preprocedural RNS was 4.2 ± 1.0. After PNN cryoablation, there was a ≥1‐point decrease in RNS in 39 patients (71%). Only ipratropium spray (INS) response predicted cryoablation success. For ipratropium spray responders, 28 of 33 (85%) had improved RNS after cryoablation, whereas 5 of 15 (33%) nonresponders improved (p = 0.001).ConclusionIn chronic rhinitis patients, rhinorrhea response to ipratropium was predictive of rhinorrhea improvement after PNN cryoablation. This study has important implications for preoperative counseling and guiding patient expectations when considering PNN cryoablation.
Synthesis and analysis of phase segregation of polystyrene‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate) copolymer obtained by Steglich esterification from semitelechelic blocks of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate)
Authors: Boni Felipe R. , Ferreira Filipe V. , Pinheiro Ivanei F. , Rocco Silvana A. , Sforça Mauricio L. , Lona Liliane M. F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHere, an alternative route to successfully synthesize polystyrene‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS‐b‐PMMA) is reported. Steglich esterification was used as an effective, metal free approach for coupling carboxylic terminated PS and the hydroxyl end‐functionalized PMMA chains obtained by nitroxide‐mediated polymerization and atom transfer radical polymerization, respectively. α‐Functionalization was obtained using 4,4′‐azobis(4‐cyanovaleric acid) and 2,2,2‐tribromoethanol as initiators. The synthesis of PS‐b‐PMMA was confirmed by gel permeation chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), while the dependence of the diffusion coefficients of the polymers (PS, PMMA, PS/PMMA blend, and PS‐b‐PMMA) with their corresponding molecular weights was discussed based on the results of atomic force microscopy‐based infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and spectra of diffusion‐ordered NMR spectroscopy. Differently from PS‐b‐PMMA, a partial segregation was observed for the PS/PMMA blend, affecting its thermal behavior and diffusion coefficient. The study here presented provides an easier and efficient strategy for the synthesis of PS‐b‐PMMA and new insights into the diffusion of polymers.
Development of 18 microsatellite markers for Atractylodes japonica
Authors: Jeong Jin‐Tae , Chung Hee , Ha Bo‐Keun , Gil Jinsu , Lee Jeong‐Hoon , Lee Yun‐Ji , Kim Mi Ran , Oh MyeongWon , Park Chun Geon , Chang Jae Ki , Hong Chang Pyo , Park Sin‐Gi , Lee Yi 
Published: May 2020

PremiseAtractylodes japonica (Asteraceae) is endemic to East Asia, where its rhizomes are used in traditional medicine. To investigate the genetic diversity of this species, we developed polymorphic microsatellite markers.Methods and ResultsWe obtained a total of 175,825 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci using the Illumina HiSeq 2500 system. Eighteen polymorphic SSR primer pairs were selected to determine heterozygosity levels and allele numbers in 80 individuals from four A. japonica populations. The levels of observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.000 to 1.000 and from 0.133 to 0.892, respectively. Cross‐amplification in the related species A. macrocephala and A. lancea was successful in 15 and 14 of the 18 markers, respectively.ConclusionsThese microsatellite markers will be useful for future studies involving A. japonica population genetics and breeding.
Development and growth of the pelvic fin in the extant coelacanthLatimeria chalumnae
Authors: Mansuit Rohan , Clément Gaël , Herrel Anthony , Dutel Hugo , Tafforeau Paul , Santin Mathieu D. , Herbin Marc 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe ontogeny of the paired appendages has been extensively studied in lungfishes and tetrapods, but remains poorly known in coelacanths. Recent work has shed light on the anatomy and development of the pectoral fin inLatimeria chalumnae. Yet, information on the development of the pelvic fin and girdle is still lacking. Here, we described the development of the pelvic fin and girdle inLatimeria chalumnaebased on 3D reconstructions generated from conventional and X‐ray synchrotron microtomography, as well as MRI acquisitions. As in other jawed vertebrates, the development of the pelvic fin occurs later than that of the pectoral fin inLatimeria. Many elements of the endoskeleton are not yet formed at the earliest stage sampled. The four mesomeres are already formed in the fetus, but only the most proximal radial elements (preaxial radial 0–1) are formed and individualized at this stage. We suggest that all the preaxial radial elements in the pelvic and pectoral fin ofLatimeriaare formed through the fragmentation of the mesomeres. We document the progressive ossification of the pelvic girdle, and the presence of a trabecular system in the adult. This trabecular system likely reinforces the cartilaginous girdle to resist the muscle forces exerted during locomotion. Finally, the presence of a preaxial element in contact with the pelvic girdle from the earliest stage of development onward questions the mono‐basal condition of the pelvic fin inLatimeria. However, the particular shape of the mesomeres may explain the presence of this element in contact with the girdle.
Gross anatomy, histological, and histochemical analysis of the eyelids and orbital glands of the neonate pygmy hippopotamus (Suina: Choeropsis liberiensis or Hexaprotodon liberiensis, Morton 1849) with reference to its habitat
Authors: Klećkowska‐Nawrot Joanna Elżbieta , Goździewska‐Harłajczuk Karolina , Paszta Wojciech 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe pygmy hippopotamus is phylogenetically related to members of both the Suidae and Cetacea. However, differences in their habitats may have resulted in variation in the anatomy and physiology of the ocular adnexa between these species. Therefore, this study focuses on the identification of accessory organs of the eye, which are typical for the pygmy hippopotamus and are comparable to organs present in mammals related to it. Moreover, the secretions produced by the superficial gland of the third eyelid, the deep gland of the third eyelid and the lacrimal gland were examined, as they ensure eyeball protection. In the upper and lower eyelids, numerous serous glands where identified, which were typical for the pygmy hippopotamus and similar as in the Cetacea. This study enabled to identify additional folds in the eyelids of the pygmy hippopotamus. Lymphoid follicles and diffuse lymphocytes were not found in the lymphoid region in the upper or lower eyelids and the third eyelid, which was most likely caused by the age of the studied hippopotamuses. An accurate histochemical analysis revealed that the secretions of the pygmy hippopotamus are very similar to the Sus scrofa. The structural differences between the pygmy hippopotamus and representatives of Cetacea are most likely caused by the fact that most of Cetacea live in saltwater and are exposed to more frequent fluctuations in water temperature compared to the pygmy hippopotamus, which lives in fresh water and does not lead a migratory lifestyle like the Cetacea.
Production routes of advanced renewable C1 to C4 alcohols as biofuel components – a review
Authors: Schubert Teresa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn 2018, the EU's revised Renewable Energy Directive came into force, increasing renewable energy targets for all energy sectors while limiting the use of first‐generation biomass as feedstock. Fuel components like methanol, ethanol, propanols, and butanols represent promising candidates to enable the targets for transportation to be achieved because they can be used with existing infrastructure and can be further processed to give additives and substitutes. A wide variety of feedstocks and processes are available for this purpose. In this review, the thermocatalytic and biological synthesis routes for C1–C4 alcohol fuels are summarized to illustrate the many alternatives. They include biomass and waste gasification and carbon capture and utilization to obtain syngas for catalytic conversion, fermentation of sugars from lignocellulosic feedstock, and novel, less developed pathways like syngas fermentation, glycerol conversion, and biogas reforming. The current state of technology is presented by discussing the advantages and technical hurdles, and by introducing recent scaled‐up approaches. This demonstrates the need for further research and development. The assessment of techno‐economic analyses in the literature illustrates the dominant factors affecting production costs and reveals the broad range of feasibility of the various production routes. The review shows that the routes most similar to conventional, well‐established syntheses bear the highest potential to be implemented in the short and medium term. The availability of cheap and abundant feedstock also plays a crucial role. Methanol synthesis from biomass gasification and ethanol, and acetone‐butanol‐ethanol fermentation from lignocellulosic biomass, are therefore considered to be very promising. © 2020 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
New insights into the core Hippo signaling and biological macromolecules interactions in the biology of solid tumors
Authors: Mohammadi Solmaz , Arefnezhad Reza , Danaii Shahla , Yousefi Mehdi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAs an evolutionarily conserved pathway, Hippo signaling pathway impacts different pathology and physiology processes such as wound healing, tissue repair/size and regeneration. When some components of Hippo signaling dysregulated, it affects cancer cells proliferation. Moreover, the relation Hippo pathway with other signaling including Wnt, TGFβ, Notch, and EGFR signaling leaves effect on the proliferation of cancer cells. Utilizing a number of therapeutic approaches, such as siRNAs and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) to prevent cancer cells through the targeting of Hippo pathways, can provide new insights into cancer target therapy. The purpose of present review, first of all, is to demonstrate the importance of Hippo signaling and its relation with other signaling pathways in cancer. It also tries to demonstrate targeting Hippo signaling progress in cancer therapy.
Smart Engineering: Innovative moisture measurement of screed by digital sensors
Authors: Penkert Sebastian , Glock Christian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe advancing digitalization is changing almost all areas of society and drives rapid innovation. The construction industry provides many fields of application with numerous opportunities for improvement of efficiency. Accordingly, there are chances and threats caused by digital change at present. The main challenge is the extreme wide range of topics and tasks in all phases of the value chain—development, design, construction, and operation—concerning hardware and software. The aim of this study is to evaluate, if digital sensors can be helpful for an enhanced construction. In a first study for an application field, the authors pointed out the moisture content of structures, because this is a comparatively clear but also crucial point in construction process. In specific, a new digital sensor system for the moisture measurement in screed is being developed and evaluated. The achieved results show general feasibility of digital sensors to improve the construction process and motivate for further studies in this research field.
IPDS: A semantic mediator‐based system using Spark for the integration of heterogeneous proteomics data sources
Authors: Messaoudi Chaimaa , Fissoune Rachida , Badir Hassan 
Published: May 2020

SummaryWith the constant rise of data volumes in many disciplines, various new Big data management systems have emerged to provide scalable tools for efficient data integration, processing, and analysis. In this article, we provide an overview of biomedical data integration systems focusing on ontology‐based semantic systems and Big data technologies based systems such as Apache Spark. We also propose a new semantic data integration system, called Integrated Proteomics Data System (IPDS), which uses a mediator approach. IPDS provides users a unified interface for query processing and data exploration. This system takes advantage of the Apache Spark framework to perform the query transformation and execution needed to question the integrated data sources. We develop a domain ontology that allows the user to formulate its queries in terms defined in the ontology. IPDS is a case study of semantic proteomics data integration linking four data sources UniProt (protein annotation), String (protein‐protein interaction), PDB (protein structure), and Pubmed (biomedical citation).
Blockchain adoption drivers: The rationality of irrational choices
Authors: Koens Tommy , Van Aubel Pol , Poll Erik 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThere has been a huge increase in interest in blockchain technology. However, little is known about the drivers behind the adoption of this technology. In this article we identify and analyze these drivers, using six real‐world and representative scenarios. We confirm in our analysis that blockchain is not an appropriate technology for some scenarios, from a purely technical point of view. The choice for blockchain technology in such scenarios may therefore seem as an irrational choice. However, our analysis reveals that there are nontechnical drivers at play that drive the adoption of blockchain, such as philosophical beliefs, network effects, and economic incentives. These nontechnical drivers may explain the rationality behind the choice for blockchain adoption.
Structure Effects on the Ionicity of Protic Ionic Liquids
Authors: Mann Sarah K. , Brown Steven P. , MacFarlane Douglas R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe report on the characterisation of 16 protic ionic liquids (PILs) prepared by neutralisation of primary or tertiary amines with a range of simple carboxylic acids, or salicylic acid. The extent of proton transfer was greater for simple primary amine ILs compared to tertiary amines. For the latter case, proton transfer was increased by providing a better solvation environment for the ions through the addition of a hydroxyl group, either on the tertiary amine, or by formation of PIL/molecular solvent mixtures. The library of PILs was characterised by differential scanning calorimetry and a range of transport properties (i. e. viscosity, conductivity and diffusivity) were measured. Using the (fractional) Walden rule, the conductivity and viscosity results were analysed with respect to their deviation from ideal behaviour. The validity of the Walden plot for PILs containing ions of varying sizes was also verified for a number of samples by directly measuring self‐diffusion coefficients using pulsed‐field gradient spin‐echo (PGSE) NMR. Ionicity was found to decrease as the alkyl chain length and degree of branching of both the cations and anions was increased. These results aim to develop a better understanding of the relationship between PIL properties and structure, to help design ILs with optimal properties for applications.
Solvent‐Dependent Bending Ability of Salen‐Derived Organic Crystals
Authors: Kusumoto Sotaro , Saso Akira , Ohmagari Hitomi , Hasegawa Miki , Kim Yang , Nakamura Masaaki , Lindoy Leonard F. , Hayami Shinya 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe formation of plastic or brittle organic crystals of salen derivatives that depend on the solvents employed for crystallization is demonstrated. Large yellow crystals (ranging from mm to cm size) of ten different salen derivatives were obtained and investigated. Among them, (bis(2‐hydroxyacetophenone)ethylenediimine) 2, which was recrystallized from dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran or chloroform, exhibited plastic deformation behaviour when mechanical force was applied to the (001) face. In contrast, when 2 was recrystallized from benzene, brittle crystals were obtained. Face indexing confirmed that different crystal faces were obtained by depending on the solvent employed for recrystallization, which leads to either flexible (plastic) or brittle crystals. Photoluminescence with a band maximum at 510 nm and thermochromism related to tautomerism between OH and NH forms were also investigated, and indicate that 2 is a flexible organic single‐crystal material with multifunctional properties.