bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long noncoding RNA metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 cooperates with enhancer of zeste homolog 2 to promote hepatocellular carcinoma development by modulating the microRNA‐22/Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 axis
Authors: Chen Shaofei , Wang Guobin , Tao Kaixiong , Cai Kailin , Wu Ke , Ye Lin , Bai Jie , Yin Yuping , Wang Jiliang , Shuai Xiaoming , Gao Jinbo , Pu Jiarui , Li Hang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMetastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is an oncogenic long noncoding RNA that has been found to promote carcinogenesis and metastasis in many tumors. However, the underlying role of MALAT1 in the progression and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In this study, aberrantly elevated levels of MALAT1 were detected in both HCC specimens and cell lines. We found that knockdown of MALAT1 caused retardation in proliferation, migration, and invasion both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic investigations showed that Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAI1) is a direct target of microRNA (miR)‐22 and that MALAT1 modulates SNAI1 expression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA for miR‐22. Inhibition of miR‐22 restored SNAI1 expression suppressed by MALAT1 knockdown. Furthermore, MALAT1 facilitated the enrichment of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) at the promoter region of miR‐22 and E‐cadherin, which was repressed by MALAT1 knockdown. Cooperating with EZH2, MALAT1 positively regulated SNAI1 by repressing miR‐22 and inhibiting E‐cadherin expression, playing a vital role in epithelial to mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, our results reveal a mechanism by which MALAT1 promotes HCC progression and provides a potential target for HCC therapy.
Influence of environmental and biological factors on the overwinter growth rate of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar parr in a UK chalk stream
Authors: Simmons Olivia M. , Britton John Robert , Gillingham Phillipa K. , Gregory Stephen D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSmolt lengths are increasingly recognised as an important determinant of salmonid marine survival rates. Overwintering growth rates could thus strongly influence adult return rates. In Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, most overwintering studies focus on rivers in harsh climates with minimal growth, yet in more southerly rivers, overwintering growth rates can be relatively high. Here, the factors influencing annual overwinter growth rates were tested for juvenile S. salar in a temperate chalk stream in southern England over 13 years, where over 10,000 salmon parr were tagged annually in autumn and a proportion recaptured the following spring during smolt emigration. Winters of higher and more variable water temperatures, with longer periods of high flows, showed increased overwintering growth rates. Faster growth rates were recorded from sites further upstream and that had lower parr densities; smaller individuals also grew more than expected for their initial size. These results suggest that a range of factors influences overwintering salmonid growth rates and can be used to inform management decisions to maximise the quality of emigrating smolts.
Development and validation of hub genes for lymph node metastasis in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Xu Ning , Chen Shao‐Hao , Lin Ting‐Ting , Cai Hai , Ke Zhi‐Bin , Dong Ru‐Nan , Huang Peng , Li Xiao‐Dong , Chen Ye‐Hui , Zheng Qing‐Shui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLymph node metastasis is one of the most important independent risk factors that can negatively affect the prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa); however, the exact mechanisms have not been well studied. This study aims to better understand the underlying mechanism of lymph node metastasis in PCa by bioinformatics analysis. We analysed a total of 367 PCa cases from the cancer genome atlas database and performed weighted gene co‐expression network analysis to explore some modules related to lymph node metastasis. Gene Ontology analysis and pathway enrichment analysis were conducted for functional annotation, and a protein‐protein interaction network was built. Samples from the International Cancer Genomics Consortium database were used as a validation set. The turquoise module showed the most relevance with lymph node metastasis. Functional annotation showed that biological processes and pathways were mainly related to activation of the processes of cell cycle and mitosis. Four hub genes were selected: CKAP2L, CDCA8, ERCC6L and ARPC1A. Further validation showed that the four hub genes well‐distinguished tumour and normal tissues, and they were good biomarkers for lymph node metastasis of PCa. In conclusion, the identified hub genes facilitate our knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanism for lymph node metastasis of PCa.
Sucrose syrup reuse during one‐ and multi‐stage osmotic dehydration of pineapple
Authors: Fernández Paula R. , Lovera Nancy , Ramallo Laura A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMulti‐stage osmotic dehydration of pineapple with sucrose syrups in gradually increasing concentration was experimentally evaluated and compared to the single‐stage dehydration process. Also, osmotic solutions were reused for five osmotic dehydration cycles, without syrup reconditioning treatment. Single‐ and multi‐stage osmotic treatments were carried out for 2 hr at 40°C. Changes in pH, total acidity, and content of soluble solids, water, and ascorbic acid, in fruit and osmotic solutions, were analyzed. Water loss decreased with cycles of syrup reuse in one‐stage treatments and remained almost unchanged in multi‐stage treatments. Dry matter content of pineapple fruit during four‐stage osmotic dehydration cascade (40, 50, 55, and 60 °Bx) was increased respect to one‐stage dehydration at 40 and 60 °Bx. With regard to retention of syrup characteristics, multi‐stage dehydration reached a better performance as compared with the single‐stage dehydration and through the syrup reuse could become a more economical, environmentally friendly process.Practical applicationsOsmotic dehydration allows to reduce the fruit water content with energy saving and conservation of fruit characteristics, but also involves some negative aspects. Syrup management is usually the most important technological problem in the osmotic dehydration process on an industrial scale. Osmotic solution recycling could contribute to the solution of this problem. In this study, the effectiveness of pineapple osmotic dehydration in multi‐stage and single‐stage, with syrup reuse, were compared. The research show: (1) multi‐stage treatment was the most effective for the retention of syrup properties; (2) syrup reuse did not affect the dehydrated pineapple characteristics through multi‐stage dehydration. Thus, results indicated the proposed dehydration operation is of easy implementation, economically and environmentally friendly.
Effects of ghrelin receptor activation on forebrain dopamine release, conditioned fear and fear extinction in C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Pierre Anouk , Van Schuerbeek Andries , Allaoui Wissal , Van Laere Sven , Singewald Nicolas , Van Eeckhaut Ann , Smolders Ilse , De Bundel Dimitri 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe ghrelin system was previously proposed to mediate an independent branch of the stress response that curbs fear processing. Interestingly, the ghrelin system was also shown to control the activity of midbrain dopamine neurons. Given that dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area appear to have a critical role in fear processing, we aimed to investigate their contribution to the effects of ghrelin on fear processing. Our data show that systemic administration of the ghrelin receptor agonist MK0677, in a dose that induces food intake, has no significant effect on auditory fear processing and does not significantly affect dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens of male C57BL/6J mice. Local administration of the ghrelin receptor agonist MK0677 into the ventral tegmental area significantly increases food intake and it also significantly increased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens, the medial prefrontal cortex and the amygdala. Nevertheless, it did not significantly affect auditory fear extinction. Our data indicate that pharmacological activation of midbrain dopamine neurons using a ghrelin receptor agonist does not affect auditory fear extinction. We also investigated the effect of non‐pharmacological manipulation of the ghrelin system on auditory fear processing. However, we found that neither overnight food deprivation nor genetic ablation of the ghrelin receptor had a significant effect on auditory fear extinction. We conclude that the effects of manipulation of the ghrelin system on fear processing are subject to boundary conditions that remain poorly understood.
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Nurses’ experiences of providing nonpharmacological pain management in palliative care: A qualitative study
Authors: Munkombwe Wisdom Muleya , Petersson Kerstin , Elgán Carina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAim and objectivesTo explore the experiences and views of nurses who provide nonpharmacological therapies for chronic pain management in palliative care.BackgroundNursing expertise in palliative care is essential in providing pain relief to patients with chronic diseases. Examinations of the use of nonpharmacological therapies for chronic pain management in palliative care have revealed what nonpharmacological therapies have been used, but there is insufficient knowledge regarding nurses’ attitudes, views and experiences regarding pain therapies in this context.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was chosen.MethodsData were collected through individual interviews in a purposive sample with 15 nurses to ensure maximum variation. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. This study aligns with the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist.ResultsThe analysis yielded four categories, as follows: “building and sustaining favourable therapeutic relationships” involved the creation of trust and a solid relationship; in “recognising the diversity of patients’ needs,” person‐centred care is expressed as being vital for individualised nonpharmacological pain management; “incorporating significant others” describes how nurses can help to ease the patient's pain by identifying positive encounters with family members or friends; and in “recognising the existence of barriers,” nurses highlight vulnerable groups such as children, for whom nurses require special education to enable optimal nonpharmacological pain management.ConclusionThe unique knowledge that nurses gain about the patient through the nurse–patient relationship is central and crucial for successful nonpharmacological pain management.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study emphasises the need for nurses to get to know their patient and to be open and sensitive to patients’ descriptions of their unique life situations, as this provides the necessary knowledge for optimal care and pain management. Nurses should be encouraged and given the opportunity to attend specialised training in palliative care and pain management.
Bullying and Peer Victimization of Minority Youth: Intersections of Sexual Identity and Race/Ethnicity
Authors: Jackman Kasey , Kreuze Elizabeth J. , Caceres Billy A. , Schnall Rebecca 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDYouth with multiple minority identities, such as those who are both sexual minority (eg, lesbian, gay, bisexual) and racial/ethnic minority (eg, Black, Latino) may be at increased risk for bullying and peer victimization.METHODSYouth Risk Behavior Surveillance data (2011‐2017) were analyzed (N = 114,881; 50.8% girls; mean age = 15.7 years, SD = 0.03). We used chi‐square tests and sex‐stratified multiple linear regression models to examine sexual identity and racial/ethnic differences and the intersection between sexual identity and race/ethnicity across 3 forms of bullying and peer victimization, co‐occurrence of traditional and electronic bullying, and any type of bullying or peer victimization.RESULTSSexual minority youth reported higher odds of bullying and peer victimization than heterosexual youth. White youth reported higher odds of bullying than racial/ethnic minority youth. In intersectional analyses, all sexual minority and racial/ethnic minority boys, and bisexual racial/ethnic minority girls were at higher risk for bullying and peer victimization compared to heterosexual peers of the same race/ethnicity.CONCLUSIONSThis study of a large diverse sample of youth advances our understanding of vulnerability to bullying and peer victimization among youth with multiple minority identities. This research can inform policy initiatives and interventions to prevent peer victimization of vulnerable youth.
Shortfall aversion
Authors: Guasoni Paolo , Huberman Gur , Ren Dan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractShortfall aversion reflects the higher utility loss of spending cuts from a reference than the utility gain from similar spending increases. Inspired by Prospect Theory's loss aversion and the peak‐end rule, this paper posits a model of utility from spending scaled by past peak spending. In contrast to traditional models, which call for spending rates proportional to wealth, the optimal policy in this model implies a constant spending rate equal to the historical peak when wealth is relatively large. The spending rate increases when wealth reaches a model‐determined multiple of peak spending. In 1926–2015, shortfall‐averse spending is smooth and typically increasing.
Root‐knot nematodes induce gall formation by recruiting developmental pathways of post‐embryonic organogenesis and regeneration to promote transient pluripotency
Authors: Olmo Rocío , Cabrera Javier , Díaz‐Manzano Fernando E. , Ruiz‐Ferrer Virginia , Barcala Marta , Ishida Takashi , García Alejandra , Andrés María Fe , Ruiz‐Lara Simón , Verdugo Isabel , Pernas Mónica , Fukaki Hidehiro , del Pozo Juan Carlos , Moreno‐Risueno Miguel Ángel , Kyndt Tina , Gheysen Godelieve , Fenoll Carmen , Sawa Shinichiro , Escobar Carolina 
Published: March 2020

Summary

Root‐knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) induce new post‐embryogenic organs within the roots (galls) where they stablish and differentiate nematode feeding cells, giant cells (GCs). The developmental programmes and functional genes involved remain poorly defined.

Arabidopsis root apical meristem (RAM), lateral root (LR) and callus marker lines, SHORT‐ROOT/SHR, SCARECROW/SCR, SCHIZORIZA/SCZ, WUSCHEL‐RELATED‐HOMEOBOX‐5/WOX5, AUXIN‐RESPONSIVE‐FACTOR‐5/ARF5, ARABIDOPSIS‐HISTIDINE PHOSPHOTRANSFER‐PROTEIN‐6/AHP6, GATA‐TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR‐23/GATA23 and S‐PHASE‐KINASE‐ASSOCIATED‐PROTEIN2B/SKP2B, were analysed for nematode‐dependent expression. Their corresponding loss‐of‐function lines, including those for LR upstream regulators, SOLITARY ROOT/SLR/IAA14, BONDELOS/BDL/IAA12 and INDOLE‐3‐ACETIC‐ACID‐INDUCIBLE‐28/IAA28, were tested for RKN resistance/tolerance.

LR genes, for example ARF5 (key factor for root stem‐cell niche regeneration), GATA23 (which specifies pluripotent founder cells) and AHP6 (cytokinin‐signalling‐inhibitor regulating pericycle cell‐divisions orientation), show a crucial function during gall formation. RKNs do not compromise the number of founder cells or LR primordia but locally induce gall formation possibly by tuning the auxin/cytokinin balance in which AHP6 might be necessary. Key RAM marker genes were induced and functional in galls. Therefore, the activation of plant developmental programmes promoting transient‐pluripotency/stemness leads to the generation of quiescent‐centre and meristematic‐like cell identities within the vascular cylinder of galls.

Nematodes enlist developmental pathways of new organogenesis and/or root regeneration in the vascular cells of galls. This should determine meristematic cell identities with sufficient transient pluripotency for gall organogenesis.
Organ donation from brain‐dead pediatric donors in Korea: A 5‐year data analysis (2013‐2017)
Authors: Kim Yong Yeup , Kim Mi‐im , Jeong Eunsil , Lee Jae‐myeong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn Korea, 2‐4% of brain‐dead organ donations are from donors <16 years of age. We aimed to identify the current status of and challenges in pediatric organ donation from brain‐dead donors in Korea. We performed a retrospective analysis using data from KONOS between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017. Our research identified 107 pediatric donors aged <16 years, representing 4.4% of all donors in Korea between 2013 and 2017. The consent rate was higher in PDs than in adult donors (47.0% vs 44.9%). The most common cause of brain death in PDs was hypoxia (28.0%), followed by brain tumor and trauma, whereas that in ADs was brain hemorrhage/stroke (42.4%), followed by trauma and hypoxia (P < .001). In both groups, the kidney (PDs vs ADs: 75.7% vs 88.5%), liver (58.9% vs 46.2%), and heart (32.7% vs 29.7%) were the organs most commonly transplanted. However, pancreatic (PDs vs ADs: 30.0% vs 11.7%, P < .001) and small bowel transplantations (4.7% vs 0.2%, P < .001) were more common in PDs, whereas lung (7.5% vs 14.5%, P = .046) and corneal transplantations (14.0% vs 36.2%) were more common in ADs. Only a small proportion of organ donations in Korea are from PDs, but this rate has been maintained. Given the current status of brain‐dead pediatric organ donation, a more active approach is required to bring about improvement.
Moving toward shared realities through empathy in mathematical modeling: An ecological systems theory approach
Authors: Edelen Daniel , Bush Sarah B. , Simpson Heather , Cook Kristin L. , Abassian Aline 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe mathematics education community has routinely called for mathematics tasks to be connected to the real world. However, accomplishing this in ways that are relevant to students’ lived experiences can be challenging. Meanwhile, mathematical modeling has gained traction as a way for students to learn mathematics through real‐world connections. In an open problem to the mathematics education community, this paper explores connections between the mathematical modeling and the nature of what is considered relevant to students. The role of empathy is discussed as a proposed component for consideration within mathematical modeling so that students can further relate to real‐world contexts as examined through the lens of Ecological Systems Theory. This is contextualized through a classroom‐tested example entitled “Tiny Homes as a Solution to Homelessness” followed by implications and conclusions as they relate to mathematics education.
Temperature Effect of CO2 Reduction Electrocatalysis on Copper: Potential Dependency of Activation Energy
Authors: Zong Yixu , Chakthranont Pongkarn , Suntivich Jin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has gathered widespread attention in the past decade as an enabling component to energy and fuel sustainability. Copper (Cu) is one of the few electrocatalysts that can convert CO2 to higher-order hydrocarbons. We report the CO2RR on polycrystalline Cu from 5 °C to 45 °C as a function of electrochemical potential. Our result shows that selectivity shifts toward CH4 at low temperature and H2 at high temperature at the potential values between −0.95 V and −1.25 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). We analyze the activation energy for each product and discuss the possible underlying mechanism based on their potential dependence. The activation barrier of CH4 empirically obeys the Butler–Volmer equation, while C2H4 and CO show a non-trivial trend. Our result suggests that the CH4 production proceeds via a classical electrochemical pathway, likely the proton-coupled electron transfer of surface-saturated COad, while C2H4 is limited by a more complex process, likely involving surface adsorbates. Our measurement is consistent with the view that the adsorbate–adsorbate interaction dictates the C2+ selectivity.
Evaluation and Optimization of Dual-Arm Robot Path Planning for Human–Robot Collaborative Tasks in Smart Manufacturing Contexts
Authors: Wang Weitian , Chen Yi , Jia Yunyi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In human–robot collaborative tasks, the performance of robot path planning has a direct impact on the robot-to-human hand-over process, or even the collaboration quality. In this work, we propose an evaluation study on multiple robot path planners with different metrics and reveal their pros and cons in representative human–robot collaborative manufacturing contexts. Afterward, based on the proposed metrics, we define a cost function for the dual-arm robot to choose optimized path planning solutions with maximum efficiency for its human partner in human–robot collaboration. We implement the proposed evaluation and optimization approaches to multiple realistic human–robot collaborative manufacturing contexts. Experimental results and evaluations suggest that our approaches are able to provide positive solutions for the robot path planner selection and also open a window for exploring more complicated and general robot path planning applications to human–robot collaborative tasks in smart manufacturing contexts.
Lifetime Optimization for a Grid-Friendly DC Fast Charge Station With Second Life Batteries
Authors: D’Arpino Matilde , Cancian Massimo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Electrified vehicle (EV) batteries that have reached the automotive end of life are providing a low-cost energy storage solution for grid-connected systems, such as DC fast charge stations (DCFCs). There are several challenges associated with the integration of second life batteries (SLBs) in power systems, such as the definition of a systematic approach for the concurrent optimization of performance and lifetime with the aim of minimizing the investment and operating costs. This paper proposes the application of automotive SLBs to DCFC stations where high-power grid connection is not available or feasible. The SLBs are charged using a low-power grid connection and then provide DCFC power to the EVs. An optimal control problem has been formulated to identify the energy management control (EMC) strategy that allows minimizing the replacement rate of the SLBs, while ensuring the EV load request is match.
Thermodynamics-Inspired Macroscopic States of Bounded Swarms
Authors: Haeri Hossein , Jerath Kshitij , Leachman Jacob 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe collective behavior of swarms is extremely difficult to estimate or predict, even when the local agent rules are known and simple. The presented work seeks to leverage the similarities between fluids and swarm systems to generate a thermodynamics-inspired characterization of the collective behavior of robotic swarms. While prior works have borrowed tools from fluid dynamics to design swarming behaviors, they have usually avoided the task of generating a fluids-inspired macroscopic state (or macrostate) description of the swarm. This work will bridge the gap by seeking to answer the following question: is it possible to generate a small set of thermodynamics-inspired macroscopic properties that may later be used to quantify all possible collective behaviors of swarm systems? In this paper, we present three macroscopic properties analogous to pressure, temperature, and density of a gas to describe the behavior of a swarm that is governed by only attractive and repulsive agent interactions. These properties are made to satisfy an equation similar to the ideal gas law and also generalized to satisfy the virial equation of state for real gases. Finally, we investigate how swarm specifications such as density and average agent velocity affect the system macrostate.