bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two SNPs rs1801133 and rs1801394 in folate pathway are associated with the risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate
Authors: Author) Qiuyan Li(Former Corresponding , Xu Lidan , Jia Xueyuan , Saleem Komal , Zaib Tahir , Sun Wenjing , Author) Songbin Fu(New Corresponding 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Prenatal intake of folic acid is important for prevention of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P). Associated genes in folate pathway are major enzymes of folic acid metabolism that is crucial for preventing birth defects. The present study aims to investigate the association between four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in folate pathway genes and the risk of NSCL/P.
Methods Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the functional pathogenicity of genetic variation. The PubMed, Embase database and Google Scholar were intensively searched by two researchers to ascertain all relevant studies. Stata 11.0 software was used to analyze the results. Subgroup analysis was carried out to assess the influence of genetic background. Sensitivity analysis, regression analysis and publication analysis were also conducted to enhance the strength of our results.
Results It is estimated that the probability of two missense mutation rs1801133 in MTHFR and rs1801394 in MTRR are more likely to be damaging by bioinformatics analysis. A total of 34 publications were included in the present study analysis. Our results showed a significant association between rs1801133 and risk of NSCL/P in two genetic models: TT allele vs CC allele (OR=1.333 95%CI=1.062-1.674, P =0.013), and recessive model (OR=1.325 95%CI=1.075-1.634, P =0.008). A significant association between rs1801394 and the risk of NSCL/P in Asian (GG allele vs AA allele, OR=0.520 95%CI=0.321-0.841, P =0.008) was also observed. Meta-regression, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis confirmed that the results of the present study were statistically significant.
Conclusions The present study highlights two SNPs rs1801133 in MTHFR and rs1801394 in MTRR, associated with the increasing risk of NSCL/P. Further, larger studies should be performed to confirm these findings.
Efficacy of ultrasound-guided rectus sheath block, butorphanol for single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective, randomized, clinical trial
Authors: Fu Huimin , Zhong Chaochao , Gao Yongtao , Xu Xingguo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Whether rectus sheath block (RSB) combined with butorphanol can relieve incision pain and visceral pain in patients undergoing single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) remains unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of ultrasound-guided bilateral RSB, butorphanol on postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing SILC.
Methods: All 116 patients who met the criteria were randomly divided into four groups: (Ⅰ) (n=29) general anesthesia combined with patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) (sufentanil 100ug); (Ⅱ) (n=29) general anesthesia combined with PCIA (butorphanol 8mg); (Ⅲ) (n=29) ultrasound-guided RSB combined with PCIA (sufentanil 100ug). (Ⅳ) (n=29) RSB combined with PCIA (butorphanol 8mg). Outcomes included visual analog scale (VAS) scores of incisional and visceral pain at rest and cough at 2,6,12 and 24h postoperatively, if a patient’s pain score＞3, then butorphanol 2mg was administered intravenously. the dose of butorphanol and opioids, the pressing numbers of PCIA, the length of hospital stay and the incidence of postoperative adverse events.
Results: Both rest and cough pain scores were lower during first 2,6 hours in group Ⅲ than groupⅠ, similarly, group Ⅳwas significantly lower than groupⅡ. GroupⅠneeded more butorphanol as rescue analgesic for pain relief than group Ⅲ, group Ⅳ was better than group Ⅱ. In the above pairwise comparisons, it was clear that group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ had lower VAS scores. VAS scores of visceral pain was lower in groupⅡ at 2, 6 and 12 h after surgery compared with the groupⅠ. In the both groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ, the group Ⅳ was also lower than groupⅢ. Overall, RSB combined with PCIA (butorphanol 8mg) is the best match.
Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided RSB combined with butorphanol can provide sufficient pain treatment after SILC.
Trial registration: The study was registered prospectively with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry（reg no.ChiCTR1900020738), obtained ethics committee of Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University approval (approved number: 2018-K067).
Zoonotic Escherichia coli is a potential Driver of Antimicrobial Resistance among Pastoralist Communities in Uganda: A Laboratory based Cross sectional Study
Authors: Walusansa Abdul , Iramiot Jacob Stanly , Najjuka Florence , Kajumbula Henry , Asiimwe Benon 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Non-prescribed use of antimicrobials in Agriculture incurs a transfer risk of resistant pathogens to humans, complicating treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the potential of Zoonotic E. coli to serve as drivers of antimicrobial resistance among animals and humans in pastoralist communities in Kasese district, so as to protect the community.Materials and methods A laboratory based cross-sectional study was done using archived E. coli isolates previously obtained from humans in pastoralist communities of Kasese district, Uganda. Recovery of the isolates was done by conventional culture, and Identification by biochemical methods, serotyping and PCR. Antimicrobial resistance profiling was done by using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The isolates were also screened for resistance mechanisms including Extended Spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), Carbapenemase and AmpC production using disc diffusion based methods.Results The prevalence of Enterohemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC) was 16% (28/180). These EHEC isolates belonged to phylogroups; B 1 (94%, 26/28), B2 (3%, 1/28) and A (3%, 1/28). The most prevalent virulence gene was Stx1 (100%, 28/28) followed by Stx2e (94%, 26/28); none of the isolates was Stx2 positive. Highest resistance was seen to Cotrimoxazole (89%, 25/28), Tetracycline (71%, 20/28), Ampicillin (65%, 18/28) and Nitrofurantoin (28%, 8/28), these are the most commonly used antimicrobials in the agricultural sector in Uganda. Minimal resistance was observed to the antimicrobials that are commonly used in human medicine especially β-lactams, β-lactam+inhibitors and Carbapenems. Of the 28 zoonotic E. coli isolates, 17%, (5/28) were ESBL positive and among these 1 (3%, 1/28) was a Carbapenemase producer.Conclusion There is a high prevalence of highly pathogenic and resistant zoonotic E. coli among humans in pastoralist communities in Uganda. We suspect that these pathogens, along with their AMR genes, were acquired from animals because they largely contained the animal specific Vero toxin gene VT2e and majority belonged Pylo-group B 1 which has been documented as the most common EHEC phylo-group inhabiting domestic animals. We recommend that studies involving relatedness of drug resistant isolates from humans and animals should be conducted to ascertain the role of enterohemorrhagic E. coli in the zoonotic spread of antimicrobial resistance in pastoralist communities.
Stopping smoking advice given by practice assistants after routine cervical screening in general practice: a qualitative exploration of potential barriers and enablers.
Authors: Mansour Marthe B.L. , Crone Matty R. , Weert Henk C. van , Chavannes Niels H. , Asselt Kristel M. van 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Cervical screening could be an appropriate moment to provide female smokers with stopping smoking advice and support. In Dutch general practice cervical smears are performed by practice assistants. The aim of this study was to identify potential barriers or enablers for a stopping smoking strategy performed by trained practice assistants after routine cervical screening. The strategy consists of brief stopping smoking advice and is based on the Ask-Advise-Connect approach.Methods Three focus group meetings were held with 10 practice assistants, 3 nurses, and 6 general practitioners. We analysed data using thematic analysis. Identified factors are presented within the framework of the Social Ecological Model.Results Potential influential factors were identified at individual, interpersonal, and workplace levels. At the individual level: practice assistants did not see themselves as having a professional role in a smoking cessation program. While they could register smoking status, they were reluctant to provide advice. However, practice assistants valued having advice at hand in order to make relatively young female smokers aware of the health risks At the interpersonal level: practice assistants thought that their relationship with the women would change if they gave stopping smoking advice. Moreover, the assistant’s own attitude to smokers and her beliefs about the smoker’s willingness to change behaviour could influence the relationship. At the workplace level: the availability and motivation of nurses might hamper referral. The general practitioners’ opinion about primary prevention and smoking cessation could influence the amount of support given to practice assistants when it comes to providing stopping smoking advice.Conclusions At individual, interpersonal, and workplace levels, several factors could influence the provision of a stop smoking strategy by a practice assistant. These factors could be used to design a behavioural change intervention to be provided by practice assistants after cervical cancer screening.
Anxiety and depression in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease—factors differentiating rural and urban subpopulations
Authors: Szlenk-Czyczerska Elżbieta , Guzek Marika , Prusaczyk Artur , Bielska Dorota Emilia , Ławnik Anna , Polański Piotr , Kurpas Donata 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background. People suffering from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) increasingly experience depression and anxiety disorders. Therefore, it is essential to improve identification strategies and methods of coping for these conditions.Objectives. The aim of the study was to analyse selected variables differentiating rural from urban populations as well as identify potentially increased levels of depression and anxiety.Material and methods. The study was carried out in 193 CVD patients home-cared by a district nurse. Results. Women constituted the majority of respondents (71.7%, n = 81 City-C vs 65.8%, n = 50 Village-V). The median age of the C patients was 76 (range 17-101) vs. 72 (range 18-94) for the V patients. The correlation coefficients displayed significant differences in anxiety, number of cardiologist visits (p = 0.005) and interventions provided by a district nurse (p = 0.03). The rural population stood out in number of home visits, age, assessment of needs and QoL. In addition, a strong relationship between anxiety and age was noted in the rural population (1/OR=1.04; 95% CI: 0.91–0.99), the assessment of satisfied needs (1/OR=293.86; 95% CI: 0.00001–0.56), depression (OR=5.85; 95% CI: 1.58–25.66), QoL in physical (OR=1.56; 95% CI: 1.11–2.33), social (1/OR=1.53; 95% CI: 0.04–0.94) and environmental domains (OR=1.67; 95% CI: 1.06–3.00) as well as between depression and anxiety (OR=4.60; 95% CI: 1.45–16.28), QoL in physical (1/OR=1.39; 95% CI: 0.50–0.97) and psychological (OR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.01–1.93) domains.
Secondary health conditions and their impact on the wellbeing of people with spinal cord injury, South Africa: Patients perspective.
Authors: PILUSA SONTI , Hellen Myezwa , Joanne Potterton 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Long-term rehabilitation that includes preventive care for people with spinal cord injury is key to promoting health. There is evidence that secondary health conditions (SHCs) are prevalent complications across the continuum of care for people with spinal cord injury, leading to recurrent hospitalization and poor quality of life. In order to develop a context-based prevention model of care and strategies in South Africa, there is a need to understand the lived experiences of people with spinal cord injury (SCI).Aim To describe people with spinal cord injury’s experiences of secondary health conditions and the impact these have on their wellbeing.Methods A qualitative descriptive design using semi-structured interviews was adopted. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from 17 participants with SCI who attend outpatient medical care at a tertiary rehabilitation hospital in Gauteng, South Africa. Primary data were collected from August 2018-July 2019. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a thematic analysis approach.Results People with spinal cord injury experience a range of secondary health conditions, of which pain, bowel and bladder issues were the most common. The presence of SHCs had an impact on the psychological, physical and social wellbeing of the participants.Conclusion There is a need for prevention interventions (health education and screening) for SHCs throughout the continuum of care and at all levels of prevention. Further research on factors influencing the prevention and management of SHCs is needed.
The preventive effect of dexmedetomidine on adverse reactions induced by uterotonics in cesarean section: a meta-analysis
Authors: Author) Lingxi Kong(Former Corresponding , Shan Xuefeng , Wang Hongmei , Ren Yingying , Yang Yang , Author) Feng Qiu(New Corresponding 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the preventive effect of dexmedetomidine(DEX) on adverse reactions induced by uterotonics used in cesarean section. Methods: Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) comparing dexmedetomidine with placebo on preventing the side effects of uterotonics in cesarean section were searched in PubMed, The Cochrane Library, and CNKI. Results: Fifteen articles with 1174 patients were included in this study. Compared with placebo, DEX significantly reduced the incidence of adverse drug reactions, such as nausea, vomiting, facial flushing, chest distress, hypertension and tachycardia ([OR = 0.12, 95% CI (0.09, 0.17), P < 0.00001], [OR = 0.12, 95% CI (0.09, 0.18), P < 0.00001], [OR = 0.21, 95% CI (0.16, 0.29), P < 0.00001], [OR = 0.19,95%CI (0.12,0.30), P < 0.00001], [OR=0.09, 95%CI (0.05,0.14), P < 0.00001], [OR=0.04, 95%CI (0.02,0.07), P < 0.00001]),which were induced by uterotonics used in cesarean section. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine can prevent adverse reactions including nausea, vomiting, facial flushing, chest distress, hypertension and tachycardia caused by uterotonics used in cesarean section.
Adolescent physical activity: the role of parental social support and the level of physical activity. Social Support and Physical Activity of Parents and Adolescents.
Authors: Camargo Edina Maria de , López-Gil Jose Francisco , Piola Thiago Silva , Mota Jorge Augusto Pinto Silva , Campos Wagner de 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: To verify the relationship between the level of moderate to vigorous physical activity of parents and that social support with the level of moderate to vigorous physical activity in adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study that selected 1390 (59.6% female) adolescents. The questionnaires IPAQ, QAFA and ASAFA were used. Binary logistic regression was used to test the relationship between the study variables. The direction and magnitude measurement were verified. Results: In relation to girls, the fact of receiving incentives from parents (OR=1.589 – CI95%=1.060-2.382) and having parents/legal guardians who meet the vigorous moderate physical activity recommendations (OR=2.038 – CI95%=1.424-2.918) was associated with meeting the vigorous moderate physical activity recommendations. Regarding boys, the support of parents related to transportation (OR=1.741 – CI95%=1.114- 2.719), parents who comment on physical activity (OR=0.440 – CI95%=0.266-0.729) and parents who meet the vigorous moderate physical activity recommendations (OR=2.739 – CI95%=1.700-4.14) were associated with meeting the recommendations for adolescents. Conclusions: The social support from parents increased to practice physical activity contributes to adolescents chances of achieving moderate to vigorous physical activity recommendation. Adolescents who have physically active parents (who comply moderate to vigorous physical activity recommendations) are almost twice as likely to comply with the recommendations.
Determinants of full immunization among children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia. Further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data.
Authors: Asresie Melash Belachew , Fekadu Gedefaw Abeje , Nigatu Dabere , Dagnew Gizachew Worku 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Immunization program has become the most effective public health measure for the controlling of vaccine-preventable disease among children. Globally, immunization coverage is increasing, however, 19.4 million infants not vaccinated in 2015. Ethiopia is one of the Sub-Saharan African countries with a high number of children unimmunized. Although there are studies about immunization among children, there is a dearth of information about factors associated with full immunization. Therefore, this analysis was performed to identify factors associated with full immunization among children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia. Methods : The analysis was done based on the 2016 Ethiopian Demography and Health Survey data. The 2016 Ethiopian Demography and Health Survey was a community based, cross-sectional study conducted from January 18, 2016, to June 27, 2016. The survey used a two-stage stratified random sampling technique. A total of 2004 children aged 12-23 months were included in the analysis. Both descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed using STATA. A P-value less than or equal to 0.05 at 95% confidence interval was set to test statistical significance. Result: Fully immunization coverage among children was 38.6%. Born at a health facility, living in Dire Dewa city, source of information from the card, mothers’ educational level (primary and secondary plus), and marital status (married and formerly married) were found positively associated with full immunization. On the other hand, smoking history of mothers and living in Afar, Amhara, Somalia, Gambella, and Oromia regions were negatively associated with full immunization. Conclusion: Fully immunization coverage among children was low. Children who were born at a health facility, source of information from the card, living Dire Dewa city, and whose mothers’ literate and married had higher Odds of being fully immunized. On the other hand, children whose mothers’ had a history of smoking and living Afar, Somalia, Gambella, Amhara and Oromia regions were had lower Odds of being fully immunized. Therefore strengthening institutional delivery and keeping immunization cards should be strengthened, and more emphasis should be given to children whose mothers’ illiterate, never married, smoker and living in Afar, Amhara, Somali, Gambella, and Oromia regions.
A new technique of epidural and intrathecal catheterization to evaluate pharmacokinetics of epidural administration in dogs: a prospective study
Authors: Kong Myoung Hoon , Kim Jung Eun , Lee Mi Kyoung , Lee Chung Hun , Lee Yeon Joo , Choi Sang Sik 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Experimental research on animals should be performed before applying new treatment modalities in humans. Among experimental animal models, canine model research is a commonly used method. Injecting drugs into the epidural has also been commonly used in the canine animal model. In canine models, epidural catheters are often inserted into the lumbosacral area during epidural drug injection. Unlike the existing canine model, we describe a new and alternative technique of epidural and intrathecal catheterization to investigate methods of epidural drug administration in dogs.

Methods: Twelve adult dogs were used in this study. The epidural procedures were performed with dogs in sternal recumbency under deep sedation. Epidural catheterization was perforemed at the T1-T2 intervertebral space with C-arm fluoroscopy guidance. After confirming the loss of resistance, a flexible epidural catheter was passed cranially to the C2-C3 level. The intrathecal procedures were performed with dogs in lateral recumbency under deep sedation. Intrathecal catheterization was performed through the cisterna magna with the neck slightly flexed. An 18-gauge Tuohy needle was inserted into the subarachnoid space through the atlanto-occipital space. After confirming cerebrospinal fluid leakage without bleeding, a flexible intrathecal catheter was passed caudally to the C2-C3 level.

Results: All epidural and intrathecal catheterizations were successfully performed under deep sedation without any complications.

Conclusion: The new technique of epidural and intrathecal catheterization in canines is an alternative procedure for investigating epidurally administered drugs.
Comparing effects of berberine on the growth and photosynthetic activities of Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Authors: Liu Lu , Zhang Shulin , Dai Wei , Bi Xiangdong , Zhang Dajuan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Berberine is a potent algicidal allelochemical of Microcystis aeruginosa. To optimize its application in the control of Microcystis blooms, the effects of berberine on the growth and photosynthetic activities of M. aeruginosa and a non-target green alga, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, were compared. The results showed that the algicidal activity of berberine on M. aeruginosa was light dependent. Berberine had no algicidal effects on C. pyrenoidosa with or without light exposure. Under light-dark conditions, berberine significantly decreased the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in M. aeruginosa while no significant berberine-induced changes were observed under constant darkness. Significant reductions of photosystem II (PSII) and whole chain electron transport activities in M. aeruginosa exposed to berberine suggested that PSII was the important target site attacked by berberine. Contrary to M. aeruginosa, no berberine-induced inhibition in photosynthesis activities were observed in C. pyrenoidosa. The differences in photosynthetic apparatuses of these two algae might be responsible for their different sensitivities to berberine.
Pharmacokinetics-based Dose Management of 5-Fluorouracil Clinical Research in Advanced Colorectal Cancer Treatment
Authors: Deng Rong , Shi Lin , Zhu Wei , Wang Mei , Guan Xin , Yang DeLiang , Shen Bo 
Published: October 2019

Objective:
The study aimed to explore the efficacy of pharmacokinetic-based 5-fluorouracil
dose management by plasma concentration test in advanced colorectal cancer treatment.

Methods:
153 samples of advanced colorectal cancer patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to a
control group and an experimental group. All patients received double-week chemotherapy with 5-
fluorouracil (four weeks were used as one period), and chemotherapy duration ranged from 2 to 6 periods.
In the first period, all patients were administered with the classic strategy of body surface area (BSA).

Results:
In the subsequent periods, the control group (77 samples) continued with BSA guided chemotherapy,
while the experimental group (76 samples) received pharmacokinetic AUC-based chemotherapy.
The efficacy and toxic side effects were assessed during chemotherapy, and survival was recorded
in a follow-up. In the AUC experimental group, the rate of diarrhea significantly decreased (37.50%
vs. 70.00%, P=0.010), and incidence of oral mucositis reduced (54.17% vs. 82.50%, P=0.014). Compared
with the control group, the clinical benefit rate of experimental group was much higher (90.79%
vs. 79.22%, P=0.046).

Conclusion:
There was no significant difference in other 5-fluorouracil related toxic side effect events
(nausea, vomiting, hand-foot syndrome) and progression-free survival between the two groups. Pharmacokinetic-
based dose management of 5-Fluorouracil reduces the toxicity of chemotherapy and improves
long-term efficacy of chemotherapy for advanced colorectal cancer patients.