bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sphingolipid composition of circulating extracellular vesicles after myocardial ischemia
Authors: Burrello J. , Biemmi V. , Dei Cas M. , Amongero M. , Bolis S. , Lazzarini E. , Bollini S. , Vassalli G. , Paroni R. , Barile L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSphingolipids are structural components of cell membrane, displaying several functions in cell signalling. Extracellular vesicles (EV) are lipid bilayer membrane nanoparticle and their lipid composition may be different from parental cells, with a significant enrichment in sphingolipid species, especially in pathological conditions. We aimed at optimizing EV isolation from plasma and describing the differential lipid content of EV, as compared to whole plasma. As pilot study, we evaluated the diagnostic potential of lipidomic signature of circulating EV in patients with a diagnosis of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). STEMI patients were evaluated before reperfusion and 24-h after primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Twenty sphingolipid species were quantified by liquid-chromatography tandem-mass-spectrometry. EV-ceramides, -dihydroceramides, and -sphingomyelins increased in STEMI vs. matched controls and decreased after reperfusion. Their levels correlated to hs-troponin, leucocyte count, and ejection fraction. Plasma sphingolipids levels were 500-to-700-fold higher as compared to EV content; nevertheless, only sphingomyelins differed in STEMI vs. control patients. Different sphingolipid species were enriched in EV and their linear combination by machine learning algorithms accurately classified STEMI patients at pre-PCI evaluation. In conclusion, EV lipid signature discriminates STEMI patients. These findings may contribute to the identification of novel biomarkers and signaling mechanisms related to cardiac ischemia.
Pharyngoesophageal Segment Distention Across Volumes and Pathology
Authors: Logan Ashley M. , Gawlik Alexandria E. , Aden James K. , Jarvis Natalie C. , Dion Gregory R. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Patients receive multiple bolus trials during a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) to assess swallow function, inclusive of narrowing within the pharyngoesophageal segment (PES). While differences in the narrowest and widest segments are visualized, the ratio of distention across boluses is not well understood.

Method
A retrospective review of 50 consecutive VFSSs with five boluses of varied viscosity and volume was performed. Still images at maximal PES distention were captured and scaled using a 19-mm disk. Measurements of the narrowest and widest segments were obtained, and a distention ratio was calculated. Studies were categorized by PES phenotype as normal, esophageal web, cricopharyngeal bar, or narrow PES. PES distention ratios were evaluated across bolus trials and within PES phenotypes using a mixed-methods repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results

Of the 50 studies, there were 11 normal, 16 web, 10 bar, and 13 narrow PES. Quantitative differences were present for the narrowest (
p
= .01) and widest (
p
= .002) points across bolus volumes. No difference was present in distention ratio (
p
= .2) across volumes. Evaluating the PES phenotype, web, normal, bar, and narrow PES distention ratios differed (
p
= .03). Bar and PES narrow distention ratios were lower compared to that of the normal group (
p
= .01 for normal vs. bar and
p
= .02 for normal vs. PES narrow).

Conclusions
PES distention ratio stability across varying bolus volumes and phenotypes suggests that a reduction in trials during a VFSS may permit an equivalent PES evaluation to traditional exams. Ultimately, this could improve our understanding and accurate diagnosis of PES dysfunction.
Influence of the parameters of the layer of ore being brought down on its freezing and losses during the face ore draw
Authors: Zubkov Vladimir , Petrov Dmitrii , Bekbergenov Dosanbai 
Published: September 2020

Application of mining systems with ore caving and adjacent strata, which do not entail high expenditures on delivery of freed ore and rock pressure management, allows to considerably increase efficiency of underground mining of ore deposits in the cryolithic zone. However, their use where permafrost formations are prevalent, requires taking into account factors complicating mining operations, in particular, the congealing of broken ore in the stoping zone. In order to assess the impact of thermal and humidity conditions on the completeness of reserves recovery, a study was carried out to determine the dependence between the volume of losses of broken ore prone to congealing and the width and height of the layer being brought down. Experimental studies were conducted by physical simulation in a cryo chamber on a laboratory bench. The ore drawing was conducted in a uniform sequence at the temperature in the stoping zone of minus 5 ˚C. The final parameter to be determined the loss of ore prone to congealing, was defined as the difference between the mass of ore in the block and the mass of ore drawn. It has been established that the losses of the broken ore due to congealing increase significantly when the depth of the layer being freed decreases and the width increases.
The established patterns of influence of parameters of a beaten layer on losses of ore mass will be used during development of recommendations on technology of drawing of ore mass prone to congealing in the negative thermal conditions of underground mines of a cryolithic zone.
3D modeling system of seismoacoustic monitoring results at the Nikolaevskoye field
Authors: Lomov Mikhail 
Published: September 2020

The complexity of solving the problem of preventing natural and man-made disasters during intensive nature management is associated with the multifactorial nature of the conditions and causes of catastrophic events, significant variations in the properties and state of geospheres, and the lack of reliable criteria and precursors of dangerous dynamic phenomena.
The modern scientific approach to solving this problem consists in modeling processes that allow to adequately describe the state of changing natural and technical systems with subsequent verification of the results of theoretical research by instrumental methods. An even greater effect is brought by the combined use of natural and theoretical methods, united by a common ideology and maximally adapted to the conditions of the problem being solved, providing continuous multivariate monitoring of geophysical fields and processes in the geospheres.
In this regard, it seems very urgent to set up research work aimed at the development of scientific and methodological foundations and technical means for assessing and monitoring hazardous geomechanical processes to reduce the risk of man-made disasters during the development of mineral deposits.
Incorporating a two-step mechanism into calculations of (p,t) reactions used to populate compound nucleus spin-parity distributions in support of surrogate measurements
Authors: Benstead James 
Published: September 2020

The surrogate reaction method may be used to determine the cross section for neutron-induced reactions not accessible through standard experimental techniques by creating the same compound nucleus which the desired reaction would pass through, but via a different entrance channel. A variety of direct reactions have been employed in order to generate the required compound nuclei for surrogate studies.
In this work, a previously developed (p,t) reaction model has been extended to incorporate a two-step reaction mechanism, which takes the form of sequential neutron transfer. This updated model is applied to the 92Zr(p,t)90Zr reaction and is found to modify the strengths of the previously predicted populated levels. It is planned that this improved (p,t) model will be used to attempt to constrain cross section predictions for a number of (n,γ) reactions in future, as well as provide a possible comparison against other surrogate studies utilising different direct reactions such as (p,d).
Analysis of the time-of-flight neutron scattering cross-section data for light water measured at the SEQUOIA spectrometer, Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)
Authors: Jaiswal Vaibhav , Leal Luiz , Kolesnikov Alexander I. 
Published: September 2020

Thermal neutron scattering cross-section data for light water available in the major nuclear data libraries observes significant differences especially at reactor operating temperatures. During the past few years there has been a renewed interest in reviewing the existing thermal scattering models and generating more accurate and reliable thermal scattering cross sections using existing experimental data and in some cases based on Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. There is a need for performing new time-of-flight experiments at high temperatures and pressures, to have a better understanding of the physics involved in the scattering process that could help improve the existing TSL data.Lack of experimental thermal scattering data for light water at high temperatures led to a new measurement campaign within the INSIDER project at the Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire (IRSN). Double differential scattering cross section for light water have been measured at the SEQUOIA spectrometer based at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States. Several measurements have been carried out at different temperatures and pressures corresponding to liquid light water. Measurements at five different incident neutron energiesEi(8, 60, 160, 280 and 800 meV) have been carried out to help exploring different regions of the frequency spectrum. This paper presents the analysis of the dynamic structure factor and the derived frequency spectrum of light water. The analysis of the experimental data would provide one with better confidence, the behavior of thermal scattering cross sections for light water at high temperatures, knowledge of which is very important for the design of novel reactors as well as existing pressurized water reactors.
Laser-driven neutrons for time-of-flight experiments?
Authors: Millán-Callado M.A. , Guerrero C. , Quesada J.M. , Gómez J. , Fernández B. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Rodríguez-González T. , Domingo-Pardo C. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Benlliure J. , Cortina D. , Martín L. , Peñas J. , Cano-Ott D. , Martínez T. 
Published: September 2020

Neutron beams, both pulsed and continuous, are a powerful tool in a wide variety of research fields and applications. Nowadays, pulsed neutron beams are produced in conventional accelerator facilities in which the time-of-fight technique is used to determine the kinetic energy of the neutrons inducing the reactions of interest.In the last decades, the development of ultra-short (femtosecond) and ultra-high power (> 1018W/cm2) lasers has opened the door to a vast number of new applications, including the production and acceleration of pulsed ion beams. These have been recently used to produce pulsed neutron beams, reaching fluxes per pulse similar and even higher than those of conventional neutron beams, hence becoming an alternative for the pulsed neutron beam users community. Nevertheless, these laser-driven neutrons have not been exploited in nuclear physics experiments so far.Our main goal is to produce and characterize laser-driven neutrons but optimizing the analysis, diagnostic and detection techniques currently used in conventional neutron sources to implement them in this new environment. As a result, we would lay down the viability of carrying out nuclear physics experiments using this kind of sources by identifying the advantages and limitations of this production method.To achieve this purpose, we plan to perform experiments in both medium (50TW@L2A2, in Santiago de Com-postela) and high (1PW@APOLLON, in Paris) power laser facilities.
Systematic review on infection and disease caused byThelazia callipaedain Europe: 2001–2020
Authors: do Vale Beatriz , Lopes Ana Patrícia , da Conceição Fontes Maria , Silvestre Mário , Cardoso Luís , Coelho Ana Cláudia 
Published: September 2020

Cases of thelaziosis byThelazia callipaedahave been increasing considerably in Europe throughout the 21st century, with recent emphasis on Eastern Europe. A systematic review was conducted using defined search terms across three major databases and, additionally, with the examination of the references of the 56 articles selected. Available information about epidemiological and clinical features of all cases of thelaziosis byT.callipaedain companion animals, wildlife and humans was extracted, evaluated and subjected to qualitative and quantitative analysis. In all cross-sectional studies about dogs, cats and red foxes, males were more frequently infected than females (dogs:p = 0.0365; cats:p = 0.0164; red foxes:p = 0.0082). Adult dogs seem to be more prone to infection (p < 0.0001), as well as large-sized dogs (p < 0.0001), and companion animals that live exclusively outdoors (p < 0.0001). Dogs and red foxes involved in these cross-sectional studies harboured significantly more female than male nematodes (p < 0.0001). Thelaziosis byT.callipaedais far from controlled in Europe. Only through updated epidemiological data, knowledge improvement and awareness can correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment and prevention be ensured to tackle this zoonosis.
Gram-Scale Robust Synthesis of 1-Chloro-2,3-dimethyl-4-phenylnaphthalene: A Promising Scaffold with Three Contiguous Reaction Positions
Authors: Tanabe Yoo , Moriguchi Kento , Kono Taro , Seko Shinzo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA three-step reaction sequence for the gram-scale synthesis of 1-chloro-2,3-dimethyl-4-phenylnaphthalene was developed. (i) Stereoselective dichlorocarbene addition to methyl angelate afforded methyl (1S*,3S*)-2,2-dichloro-1,3-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate (78% yield, >98% purity, distillation). (ii) Addition reaction of two molar amounts of PhLi afforded (1S*,3S*)-2,2-dichloro-1,3-dimethylcyclopropyldiphenylmethanol (81% yield, >98% purity, recrystallization). (iii) Key SnCl4-mediated benzannulation produced the desired product (83% yield, >98% purity, recrystallization) with three contiguous reaction sites. Five derivatization examples including benzylic reactions and cross-couplings at the pendant Cl-position are demonstrated. Some relevant distinctive benzannulations are also discussed.
Quantifying Experiences with Telepractice for Aphasia Therapy: A Text Mining Analysis of Client Response Data
Authors: Jacobs Molly , Briley Patrick , Ellis Charles 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMeasures of satisfaction following treatment for aphasia have been limited. The challenge associated with reduced verbal output among many persons with aphasia (PWA) has reportedly been a key reason measures of treatment satisfaction have been limited. A novel approach to measure treatment satisfaction is the use of content analysis (CA), which uses the presence of certain words, themes, or concepts to explore outcomes such as treatment satisfaction particularly among individuals who generate limited output. CA utilizes responses and response patterns to assign meaning to client responses. The aim of this study was to use CA to measure posttreatment satisfaction with a telepractice approach for aphasia treatment. Seventeen PWA received 12 treatment sessions over a 6-week period. At the conclusion of the treatment, CA was utilized to explore patient satisfaction with this treatment approach. The participants reported an overall positive sentiment for the telepractice approach. Two primary topics emerged which were healthcare provider and healthcare delivery, where text analysis revealed discussion of these topics to be centered around being “helpful” and “being effective.” This study demonstrated that CA can be an effective approach for determining satisfaction with aphasia treatment particularly among PWA with limited verbal abilities.
A historical investigation into Persian prefixal verbs based on Siyâsat-nâmeh and a contemporary
corpus
Authors: Rahimian Jalal , Mansuri Mehrzad , Alipouri Shimasadat 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Siyâsat-nâmeh ‘letter of politics’ as a famous Persian book carries verbal forms which seem different from those found in
contemporary corpora. In this paper, we focus on a comparison between prefixal verbs in Siyâsat-nâmeh and those in
contemporary corpora. Our corpus is taken randomly from political section of a popular contemporary Iranian newspaper called
Hamshahri. Since Siyâsat-nâmeh contains almost 100000 words, we take the same number of words from
Hamshahri. We focus on verbs containing one of the five frequent prefixes. First, we extracted verbs carrying such
prefixes from both sources under study, and then classified them in terms of types and tokens in AntConc (computer software). Afterward, we
compared and contrasted verbs of the two sources. A number of verbal prefixes became completely obsolete; a number of them changed into
prefixal nouns/adjectives to be used as non-verbal elements of new verbs.
Power modulation of vortex beams using phase/amplitude adjustable transmissive coding metasurfaces
Authors: Iqbal Shahid , Luo Jun , Ma Qian , Rajabalipanah Hamid , Nisar Muhammad Shemyal , Zhang Lei , Abdolali Ali , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Independent control of amplitude and phase using a single aperture is challenging but highly desirable due to its great potential applications in high-quality holograms, modern wireless communications, and other modern devices. In this paper, based on the generalized superposition principle of metasurfaces (MSs), a transmissive coding MS is proposed to manipulate the power transmitted toward specific angular directions. To this end, a cascaded coding meta-atom is presented to control both transmission amplitude and phase responses. These particles with 2-bit-phase and 1-bit-amplitude discretizations are designed by printing a metallic bar, square loops and split-ring resonators on dielectrics placed in a cascaded geometry. As an application, vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM-VB) with controllable transmitted power levels are realized by suitably distributing the phase/amplitude adjustable coding particles. Three illustrative examples are demonstrated to realize high-power OAM-VB (h-OAM-VB), low-power OAM-VB (l-OAM-VB), and medium-power OAM-VB (m-OAM-VB), respectively. Some OAM-VBs with flexible features are also generated using the convolution operations of digital coding patterns. The presented models are experimentally validated in which m-OAM-VB and h-OAM-VB patterns are successfully generated at Ku band. The proposed MS-based architecture would enable flexible power allocations in the next generation of multi-input-multi-output communication platforms.
Adsorption of gas molecules of CH4, CO and H2O on the vanadium dioxide monolayer: computational method and model
Authors: Lin Long , Chen Ruixin , Huang Jingtao , Wang Pengtao , Tao Hualong , Zhang Zhanying 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Inspired by the recent use of two-dimensional nanomaterials as gas sensors, we used density functional theory calculations to study the adsorption of gas molecules (CH4, CO and H2O) on sandwich vanadium dioxide tablets. The results showed that of all these gases, only the CH4 gas molecule was the electron acceptor with significant charge transfer on the VO2 sheet. The adsorption energies of CH4, CO and H2O are −229.5 meV, −239.1 meV and −388.3 meV, respectively. We have also compared the adsorption energy of three different gas molecules on the VO2 surface, our calculation results show that when the three kinds of gases are adsorbed on the VO2 surface, the order of the surface adsorption energy is H2O > CO > CH4. It is also found that after adsorption of CH4, CO and H2O molecules, the electronic properties of VO2 sheet changed obviously. However, due to the strong adsorption of H2O molecule on VO2 sheet, it is difficult to desorption, which hinders its application in gas molecular sensors. The optical properties of VO2 sheet are further calculated. The absorption of CH4, CO and H2O molecules is introduced to red-shift the dielectric function of the thin film, which indicates that the optical properties of the thin film have changed significantly. According to the change of optical properties of VO2 sheet before and after molecular adsorption, VO2 can be used as a highly selective optical gas sensor for CH4, CO and H2O detection. These results provide a new approach for the potential application of VO2 based optical gas sensors.
Identification of low energy nuclear recoils in a gas time projection chamber with optical readout
Authors: Baracchini E , Benussi L , Bianco S , Capoccia C , Caponero M , Cavoto G , Cortez A , Costa I A , Di Marco E , D’Imperio G , Dho G , Iacoangeli F , Maccarrone G , Marafini M , Mazzitelli G , Messina A , Nobrega R A , Orlandi A , Paoletti E , Passamonti L , Petrucci F , Piccolo D , Pierluigi D , Pinci D , Renga F , Rosatelli F , Russo A , Saviano G , Tesauro R , Tomassini S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The search for a novel technology, which is able to detect and reconstruct nuclear recoil events in the keV energy range, has become increasingly important now that vast regions of high mass weakly-interacting-massive-particle–like dark matter candidates have been excluded. Gaseous time projection chambers (TPC) with optical readout are very promising candidates combining the complete event information provided by the TPC technique with the high sensitivity and granularity of the latest generation light sensors. A TPC with an amplification at the anode, obtained with gas electron multipliers (GEMs), was tested at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati. Photons and neutrons from radioactive sources were employed to induce recoiling nuclei and electrons with kinetic energy in the range 1–100 keV. A He-CF4 (60/40) gas mixture was used at atmospheric pressure and the light produced during the multiplication in the GEM channels was acquired by a high-position resolution and low-noise complementary
metal-oxide
semiconductor camera and a photomultiplier. A multi-stage pattern recognition algorithm based on an advanced clustering technique is presented here. A number of cluster-shaped observables are used to identify nuclear recoils induced by neutrons, which originated from a AmBe source against x-ray 55Fe photoelectrons. An efficiency of 18% to detect nuclear recoils with an energy of about 6 keV is reached, while suppressing 96% of the 55Fe photoelectrons, making this optical read-out gas TPC a very promising candidate for future investigations of ultra-rare events such as directional direct dark matter searches.
Room-temperature processed high-quality SnO2 films by oxygen plasma activated e-beam evaporation
Authors: Li Jiankang , Li Lutao , Chen Weiyuan , Yi Qinghua , Zou Guifu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recently, SnO2 is considered to be one of the most promising materials as electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Low-temperature processed SnO2 films are crucial for SnO2-based PSCs and flexible devices. However, it is difficult to prepare stoichiometric SnO2 films by e-beam evaporation at low-temperature. Herein, SnO2 films are fabricated by oxygen plasma activated e-beam evaporation technique at room-temperature. Oxygen plasma shows strong oxidation activity, which is essential to adjust the stoichiometry of SnO
x
in the evaporation process. The SnO2 films exhibit uniformity (R

q
= 3.05 nm), high transmittance (T > 90%), high hall mobility (μ

e
= 10.8 cm2 V
−1 s−1) and good hydrophilic (water contact angle =19°). This work will promote the application of SnO2 films in PSCs and flexible devices.