bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of body length in infants born with different types of mild prenatal development delay
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry O. , Derevtsov Vitaly V. 
Published: March 2020

Objective. To assess the length of the body in infants from mothers with a burdened somatic and obstetric-gynecological history, including with a delay in the growth of the fetus of various types of mild severity, in comparison with each other, with healthy children from practically healthy mothers and with children from mothers with an aggravated somatic and obstetric-gynecological history, but without delayed fetal growth.
Material and methods. 166 new-borns were monitored since birth, including 72 infants born after abnormal pregnancies with mild foetus growth and development retardation (gr. 1), and 69 infants born after abnormal pregnancies, but without any retardation (gr. 2), born by mothers with previous somatic and gynaecological disorders. The symmetrical intrauterine growth and development retardation was diagnosed in 15 infants (20.83%) (subgr. 1b), whereas the dissymmetric retardation was diagnosed in 57 children (79.17%) (subgr. 1a) from gr. 1. Practically healthy infants born by practically healthy mothers after normal pregnancies made up gr. 3 (25 subjects). Children are full-term, looked round in 1 (154), 3 (138), 6 (131), 12 (119 children) months. Comprehensive analysis of history, inspection, body height. Distribution-free statistical analysis methods.
Results. The differences (p 0.01) in body length (Me, cm) in children at birth between the subgr. 1b (48) and gr. 2 (52); in 1 month between subgr. 1a (53) and 1b (52.5); in 3 months between subgr. 1a (60) and gr. 2 (62); in 6 months between subgr. 1a (66.5) and 1b (65.5); in 12 months between subgr. 1a (74.25) and 1b (73), subgr. 1a and gr. 2 (76), subgr. 1b and gr. 2. Increase of body length to 1 month in children subgr. 1a (4) and 1b (4.5) in comparison with children gr. 2 and 3 by 1 and 1.5 cm respectively more; to 3 months in children subgr. 1a (7) and gr. 2 (7) are comparable and more than children subgr. 1b. by 0.5 cm, gr. 3 by 1 and 0.5 cm respectively; to 6 months in children subgr. 1a (6.5) and 1b (6.5) more than the gr. 2 by 0.5 cm, less than the children gr. 3 by 0.5 cm; to 12 months in children subgr. 1a and 1b; gr. 1, 2 and 3 are comparable. To 12 months in children subgr. 1b in relation to children gr. 2 and 3 less by 0.5 cm.
Conclusion. The established difference in body-length should be taken into account during the dispensary observation in order to decide whether to carry out corrective measures.
Renal function in premature infants in the neonatal period
Authors: Obukhova Anna N. , Khaletskaya Olga V. , Tush Elena V. 
Published: March 2020

The aim of the investigation was to assess the functional state of the kidneys of preterm infants of various gestational ages with signs of acute kidney injury.
Materials and Methods. The study included 30 preterm infants born at 29 to 36 weeks gestation with signs of acute kidney injury. Patients were divided into two groups: group I included children with low body weight, born at 3236 weeks of gestation; group II with very low birth weight, born at 2931 weeks of gestation. In the study of kidney function, the main markers were analyzed serum creatinine, urea, diuresis level, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at the third week of life, as well as at discharge from the hospital when reaching the postconceptual gestational age of 36.0 [35.0; 39.0] weeks. Severity was assessed in both groups of patients.
Results. In both groups of children, a slight degree of severity was recorded, the risk stage (Risk) according to the pRIFLE classification criteria (2007). The evaluation of the biochemical blood test did not show a statistically significant difference in creatinine, urea, GFR, and the rate of diuresis between groups of children with low body weight and very low birth weight. In both groups of patients, creatinine and urea levels in the third week of life exceeded the age standards. By the time the postconceptual gestational age was reached at 36.0 [35.0; 39.0] weeks, there was a statistically significant decrease in the level of these indicators in patients of both groups. In addition, it was found that premature children are at risk for the formation of hyperoxaluria (53% in the structure of crystalluria).
Conclusion. Timely diagnosis of acute kidney injury in premature newborns will allow adequate therapy to prevent the progression and further formation of terminal renal failure. It is important to determine the level of excretion of oxalates in the urine to prevent the development of urolithiasis.
The functional state of the heart in women prior to extracorporeal fertilization and its dynamics after stimulation of superovulation
Authors: Vakareva Victoria V. , Avdeeva Marina V. , Scheglova Larisa V. , Popova Varvara V. , Voronkov Pavel B. 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the work to study echocardiographic parameters before and after the induction of superovulation to determine the nature of the effect of extracorporeal fertilization on the functional state of the cardiovascular system in healthy women of reproductive age.
Materials and methods. The article presents the results of clinical and instrumental examination of 80 practically healthy women (mean age 32.3 3.5 years). All women were examined twice before and after induction of superovulation during extracorporeal fertilization.
Results. It was established that a decrease in the stroke volume of blood (p 0.001) was accompanied by a compensatory increase in heart rate (p 0.001). These changes ensured the stability of the minute blood volume after induction of superovulation (before 51.1 1.1 ml; after 52.1 1.2 ml; p 0.05). After induction of superovulation in women, an increase in the integral systolic index of cardiac remodeling was noted (before 108.7 2.5 units; after 118.5 4.7 units; p 0.001), an indicator of myocardial stress in systole (before 111.5 6.7 dyne/cm2; after 127.3 7.4 dyne/cm2; p 0.001) and the indicator of myocardial stress in diastole (before 139.4 6.8 dyne/cm2; after 165.7 7.9 dyne/cm2; p 0.001). In practically healthy women, after induction of superovulation, the left ventricular ejection fraction increased (before 71.3 4.2%; after 74.8 4.1%; p 0.001). The revealed dynamics is regarded as a response of the myocardium to a change in the hormonal background during superovulation induction. This is evidenced by the correlation between the estradiol level and the left ventricular ejection fraction (r = 0.36; p 0.05).
Conclusion. Induction of superovulation does not adversely affect systolic and diastolic function of the left ventricle. However, after these manipulations there is an increase in systolic and diastolic myocardial stress, which reflects myocardial stress in response to hemodynamic changes. Remodeling indices are more informative for evaluating maladaptive and adaptive variants of myocardial changes in healthy women than traditional echocardiographic indicators. In this regard, remodeling indices should be used as additional indicators of the functional state of the heart in women before and after the induction of superovulation in vitro fertilization.
About the science of pedagogy (how to avoid the transformation of pedagogical science into ideology)
Authors: Smirnov I. P. 
Published: March 2020

Introduction. Numerous declarative official statements on the key role of education and scientific-pedagogical knowledge to ensure the well-being of the nation and the sustainable development of Russia in the modern world directly contradict the situation in this strategically significant social area. Thus, when merging two specialised academies (medical and agricultural sciences) with alma mater – the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), the Russian Academy of Education (RAE) was not included in the list of the elected representatives, which may indirectly demonstrate the “inferiority” of scientific pedagogy, calling into question its mission in the development of education.The aim of the article is to discuss the conditions and prerequisites for the possible loss of scientific status by pedagogy, its transformation into ideology and the replacement of pedagogical principles of education development by ideological ones.Methodology and research methods. In the course of the research, the methods of the system-based, retrospective and comparative analysis, synthesis and generalisation were employed.Results and scientific novelty. The author of the present publication considers and analyses the origins of scientific pedagogy and its essential definitions in the works of classical scholars – K. D. Ushinsky, L. N. Tolstoy, P. F. Kapterev, V. P. Vakhterov, K. N. Ventzel, etc. with contemporary interpretation of scientific status of pedagogical branch of knowledge. The paper highlights the impact on its reorganisation, content transformations of political and social processes, as well as transformations of governmental management structures. It has been proved that the reforms of the Russian science carried out in recent years consistently lead to the loss of scientific status by pedagogy, to the loss of academic principle “science should be managed by scientists” and to the transformation of scientific institutions into subordinate structures. Contrary to the Article 13 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, which states that “no ideology may be established as state or mandatory”, there is a conversion of pedagogy into ideology. The classical pedagogical foundations evolutionary development inherent in scientific knowledge are deformed by current ideological attitudes, nullifying the constitutional guarantee (Article 44) on freedom of literary, artistic, scientific, technical and other forms of creativity. The depoliticisation of educational sphere and pedagogical science was planned at the end of the 20th century but it was abandoned. Therefore, the author emphasises the importance of such process.Practical significance. The assessments and conclusions presented in the article create methodological prerequisites for developing a discussion about the mission of pedagogical science in modern Russian society, adjusting scientific reforms and, as a result, freeing education from ideological violence.
Diagnoza w resocjalizacji – perspektywy pozytywna vs. negatywna, teoria vs. praktyka diagnozowania
Authors: Wysocka Ewa 
Published: March 2020

<p>W opracowaniu autorka przedstawia model teoretyczny i metodologiczny diagnozy w resocjalizacji. W kolejnych akapitach artykułu dokonano analizy założeń teoretycznych: (1) resocjalizacji pozytywnej oraz (2) diagnozy pozytywnej na potrzeby resocjalizacji (<em>resilience</em>, salutogeneza, koncepcja poznawcza diagnozy, teoria osobowości Seymoura Epsteina). Wskazano i opisano główne obszary diagnozy: nastawienia intrapersonalne, interpersonalne, wobec świata i wobec własnego życia, a także główne elementy procesu diagnozy w ujęciu pozytywnym i negatywnym (model komplementarny). </p>
Przekonania o sobie i świecie nieletnich przebywających w placówkach resocjalizacyjnych
Authors: Mudrecka Irena 
Published: March 2020

Celem przeprowadzonych badań było rozpoznanie adaptacyjnych i dezadaptacyjnych przekonań ułatwiających lub utrudniających funkcjonowanie młodzieży w życiu społecznym. Badania przeprowadzono wśród 146 wychowanków placówek resocjalizacyjnych i 134 uczniów szkół gimnazjalnych oraz ponadgimnazjalnych (grupa porównawcza). Skoncentrowano się na zaprezentowaniu części wyników badań uzyskanych za pomocą Skali Orientacji Pozytywnej (w polskiej adaptacji Marioli Łaguny, Piotra Olesia i Doroty Filipiuk) i Skali Wiary w Grę o Sumie Zerowej (autorstwa Joanny Różyckiej i Bogdana Wojciszke). Orientacja pozytywna to wymiar osobowości decydujący o skłonności jednostki do odbierania i przetwarzania informacji o sobie i świecie z pozytywnym nastawieniem, jak również podkreślania pozytywnych aspektów życia. Z kolei przekonanie o tym, że życie jest grą o sumie zerowej związane jest z przeświadczeniem o antagonistycznej naturze relacji między ludźmi wynikającym z wiary w to, że dobra tego świata są ograniczone i dlatego sukces jednego człowieka nierozerwalnie związany jest z klęską drugiego. Dla osób wierzących w to, że życie jest grą o sumie zerowej, świat to arena nieustannej walki z innymi, którym nie można ufać, o realizację własnego interesu. Uzyskane wyniki badań potwierdzają ujemną korelację pomiędzy badanymi zmiennymi. Zaobserwowany związek pomiędzy orientacją pozytywną a wiarą w życie jako grę o sumie zerowej ułatwia zrozumienie poglądów młodzieży skonfliktowanej z prawem i obyczajem, które, zgodnie z koncepcją poznawczą, mają wpływ na podejmowane przez nich decyzje i jakość relacji interpersonalnych.
You Are What You Consume
Authors: Ahmed Jubayer 
Published: March 2020

The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of individual’s self-concept in consumption pattern. Consumers intentionally or unintentionally consume different products and services during their lifetime and their consumption pattern or preferences are closely associated with their sense of self. Similarly, consumers tend to avoid commodities or services that contradict with their self-image. A number of empirical studies have been analyzed further to investigate the influence of self- concept on brand or product selection.
Entrepreneurial Motivation and Challenges: A Study on Women Entrepreneurs in Sylhet City
Authors: Hani Fathema Farjana 
Published: March 2020

Women entrepreneurship is not only the way of poverty alleviation but also the key to a nation’s overall advancement. This study attempts to explore several aspects of them. It emphasized on the profile of women entrepreneurs, identifying the motivation behind their entrepreneurial career, and pinpointing the challenges they are facing. The study conducted on 50 women entrepreneurs of Sylhet city. Both primary and secondary data was used. The profile of the women entrepreneurs shows information about their age, educational qualification, marital status, type of family they belongs to. Type and ownership of their business, amount and sources of start-up capital, no. of employees and their future career plan is also included in the profile. The study identified that 31% of the respondents are self-motivated to be entrepreneurs. The reasons to start business consist of- be self-dependent, extra income for the family, to run the family business, for economic freedom, etc. The study also finds out challenges in starting and continuing business of women entrepreneurs that can obstruct the smooth functioning of it. Some of the challenges are- conservative social attitude, gender discrimination, lack of skills and training facilities, infrastructural problems, etc. The study also reveals that the women entrepreneurs in Sylhet city are getting the support of family members, and they can manage start-up capital. This study has some implication for researchers in the area of entrepreneurship and women entrepreneurship.
The effect of luteolin 7-glucoside, apigenin 7-glucoside and Succisa pratensis extracts on NF-κB activation and α-amylase activity in HepG2 cells
Authors: Witkowska-Banaszczak Ewa , Krajka-Kuźniak Violetta , Papierska Katarzyna 
Published: March 2020

The chemical composition of Succisa pratensis is not well known. The existing data indicate a substantial content of flavonoids, which include luteolin and apigenin 7-glucosides. The aim of this study was to elaborate the isolation protocol of these flavonoids from flowers and leaves of S. pratensis, to carry out their characterization, as well as evaluate the effect of S. pratensis extracts on activation of transcription factor NF-κB and α-amylase activity. The extraction protocol applied in this study allowed isolation and characterization of flavonoid fraction of S. pratensis. Their identity was confirmed by NMR spectra analysis, UV spectroscopy and electrospray ionization-tandem MS evaluation. Treatment of pancreatic α-amylase with S. pratensis extract inhibited this enzyme’s activity to an extent comparable to that of isolated luteolin and apigenin 7-glucosides. Incubation of HepG2 cells for 24 h with S. pratensis extracts or isolated flavonoids resulted in moderate reduction in NF-κB transcription factor activation evaluated in terms of translocation of its active subunits from cytosol into nucleus and subsequently diminished expression of the COX-2 gene. Expression of NF-κB was also reduced. The most significantly diminished NF-κB activation and expression, as well as COX-2 expression, was found to result from treatment with isolated flavonoids and ethyl acetate extract of S. pratensis leaves. These results indicate that S. pratensis flavonoids may modulate the metabolic and signaling pathways whose deregulation is related to pathogenesis of liver cancer. Further studies are required to confirm these observations and assess the chemopreventive and/or therapeutic potential of the S. pratensis herb.
PRÉ NATAL DE ALTO RISCO: IMPLICAÇÕES NO CONTEXTO PRÉ-ECLÂMPSIA
Authors: Queiroz Greida 
Published: March 2020

Introdução: Atualmente as doenças crônicas têm um grande impacto na saúde a nível mundial representando, nos países desenvolvidos e em vias de desenvolvimento, uma considerável sobrecarga econômica dos serviços de saúde. A gestação é um processo natural que envolve diversas mudanças fisiológicas complexas e múltiplos desafios podem evoluir durante esse período. A pré-eclâmpsia caracteriza-se pela tríade sintomática: edema patológico leve a moderada, hipertensão e proteinúria. Vários fatores competem para o desenvolvimento das Síndromes Hipertensivas na gestação, ocorrendo com maior incidência quando presente em situações de obesidade, idade nos extremos da fase reprodutiva, diabetes, hipertensão, nefropatias, história familiar de pré-eclâmpsia ou eclâmpsia, dietas hipoprotéicas e hipersódicas, baixa escolaridade e atividade profissional fora do domicílio, grupo sanguíneo AB, primigestas, gestações múltiplas, hidropisia fetal e neoplasia trofoblástica. Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo analisar através da revisão de literatura quais os riscos a qual a gestante e o concepto são expostos. Metodologia: Tais propósitos foram alcançados por meio da revisão da literatura baseando-se nos artigos científicos do site Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e BEDENF (Base de Dados de Enfermagem). Resultados: Através da pesquisa analisamos que estudos trazem que níveis pressóricos elevados na gestação pode vir a causar graves problemas de saúde tanto para a gestante quanto para o concepto, podendo leva-los a morte. No período gestacional maioria dos casos após a 20ª semana de gestação e com desaparecimento ate 12ª semanas após o parto, uma única vez alterado essa pressão não quer dizer que ela tenha pré-eclâmpsia, além da pressão elevada, tem outros diagnósticos que podem aparecer ou não durante esse período gestacional em que a pressão aumenta e que possa também indicar uma pré-eclâmpsia. Conclusão: O aprimoramento técnico e científico do enfermeiro, adquirido de forma reflexiva, muito pode contribuir no acompanhamento dessas gestantes dentro de uma equipe multidisciplinar e, consequentemente, alcançar o equilíbrio e o bem-estar, tanto materno quanto fetal, nos procedimentos diagnósticos e terapêuticos, também é fator essencial que os profissionais de saúde estejam preparados promover a educação gestacional sobre a fatores e implicações da hipertensão, identificando as dificuldades e elaborando estratégias.
Relationship of Air Pollution and Daily Hospital Admissions Due to Respiratory Disease: A Time Series Analysis
Authors: Jalili Mahrokh , Mazidi Faezeh , Ehrampoosh Mohammad Hassan , Badeenezhad Ahmad , Ebrahimi Vahid , Abbasi Fariba 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Air pollutants and respiratory diseases have a significant relationship and cause major health problems. Low attention has been paid to the daily hospital admissions due to the presence of pollutants in desert cities such as Yazd city, Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the short-term relationship between air pollution and daily hospital admissions due to respiratory disease in Yazd hospitals.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated pollutants including PM10, CO, SO2, NO2, and O3 recorded daily in Yazd air pollution monitoring station. Moreover, the daily hospital admissions (sample size =180) of the pulmonary patients were collected from government hospitals from March to September 2017.
Conclusion: The daily admission of patients to hospital due to pulmonary disease was highly related to NO2 and O3. However, the correlation of admission with CO, PM10, and SO2 was not significant, because NO2 and O3 are oxidation factors and stimulate the respiratory system.
The relation between classroom management skills and empathic tendencies of high school teachers high school teachers’ classroom management skills and empathic tendencies
Authors: Sorakin-Balli Yasemin , Basari Sengul , Guldal-Kan Sebnem 
Published: March 2020

This research was conducted to investigate the relation between the empathic tendencies and classroom management skills of high school teachers. The study aims to examine whether there is a relation between the classroom management skills and empathic tendencies of high school teachers. The participants of this study include teachers who worked at high schools in Northern Cyprus during the academic year 2015-2016. 30 teachers participated in this research. The research data was collected with â€œEmpathic Tendency Scaleâ€ and â€œClassroom Management Skills Scaleâ€. The scale consisted of three parts. The first part of the scale consisted of personal information the second part included 20 attitude statements to measure the empathic tendency, and in the third part, 40 evaluation statements were used to measure classroom management skills. The data obtained from the scales were coded and analyzed in computer environment by using statistical package program. In the analysis of the data obtained, arithmetic mean, standard deviation and correlation analysis were used. As a result of the analysis, there was no significant difference between high school teachersâ€™ classroom management skills and empathic tendencies. Therefore, no study supporting this result was found. Therefore, more studies needs to be done. Due to the small number of the participants, the connection between variables such as gender, age, and marital status and the variables dealt with in this study could not be evaluated.
Keywords: Empathy, Classroom Management, Education, Education Management, Management Skills
The Role of N-Acetyl Sistein in Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Yudhawati Resti , Prasanta Nitya 
Published: March 2020

Pulmonary Tuberculosis is a chronic infection that caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection and it is still the major health problem worldwide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection can induce oxidative stress. Some studies has proved that active TB patients have an association with excessive oxidative stress which causes glutathione (GSH) level decrease and free radicals increase. Glutathione (GSH) facilitates the control of M.TB intracellular bacterial growth in macrophages and has direct antimicrobial activity. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is thiol, a precursor of L-cysteine and glutathione synthesis (GSH) that has been used for decades as a mucolytic agent in the treatment of respiratory diseases. Some studies report beneficial role of NAC as immunomodulator, besides NAC also has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect in TB management.