bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of circadian preferences on insomnia severity and depressive symptoms via sleep hygiene in older adults with depression and healthy controls
Authors: Üzer Ahmet , Yücens Bengü 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe elderly population is increasing globally. Thus, researches focus on the causes and treatment of insomnia, a noteworthy ageing problem. This study aims to investigate the relationship between chronotype and insomnia and whether sleep hygiene mediates this relationship in older adults with depression (OAD).MethodsWe assessed subjective insomnia severity, sleep hygiene, chronotype, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms of 82 OAD and 70 healthy controls using the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Morningness‐Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).ResultsThe mediation effect of SHI and ISI scores were evaluated in the relationship between MEQ and BDI total scores in OAD. The results showed that MEQ performed its effect on BDI through ISI with full mediation (effect = −0.16, SE: 0.07, 95% CI: −0.3230 to −0.0336). The mediation effect of SHI and BDI scores were evaluated in the relationship between MEQ and ISI total scores in OAD. In this model, it was found that MEQ significantly performed its effect on ISI through SHI and BDI. BDI and SHI predicted the ISI variable as partial mediators (respectively, effect = −0.05, SE: 0.03, 95% CI: −0.1073 to −0.0100; effect = −0.06, SE: 0.02, 95% CI: −0.1051 to −0.0129).ConclusionsSleep hygiene practices could be essential for the natural functioning of the biological clock and the interrelation of depression and insomnia. Longitudinal follow‐up studies of structured sleep hygiene approaches are needed in terms of cost‐effectiveness, in OAD.
The efficacy of two different oral hygiene regimens on the incidence and severity of oral mucositis in pediatric patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A prospective interventional study
Authors: Mubaraki Sarah , Pani Sharat Chandra , Alseraihy Amal , Abed Hassan , Alkhayal Zikra 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsThis prospective interventional study aimed to assess the efficacy of supersaturated calcium phosphate rinse and the use of an extra‐soft toothbrush twice a day when added to the existing oral hygiene protocol regimen (0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate + 3% sodium bicarbonate + nystatin 5000 U/mL) in reducing the severity of oral mucositis among pediatric patients receiving chemotherapy for the hematopoietic stem cell transplant.MethodsForty‐five patients that received chemotherapy for the hematopoietic stem cell transplant were randomly allocated to three groups of 15 patients each. Group A was advised to follow the existing oral hygiene protocol regimen (Control), group B was advised to brush their teeth twice daily using an extra‐soft toothbrush and to follow the control regimen, and lastly group C was advised to use supersaturated calcium phosphate rinse and to follow the control regimen. Oral mucositis was recorded according to World Health Organization criteria from the day of admission (day 1) to the day of discharge (day 28). The incidence of oral mucositis between the three groups was compared using the Kruskall‐Wallis test while the severity of oral mucositis between the three groups was compared using a one‐way ANOVA test.ResultsThe results of the study showed no significant difference in the incidence of oral mucositis between the three groups; however, there was a lower severity of oral mucositis in the supersaturated calcium phosphate rinse group when compared to the control group or the group who used an extra‐soft toothbrush with the control regimen.ConclusionAlthough marginally fewer cases and lower severity of oral mucositis was observed in the group using supersaturated calcium phosphate rinse, the lack of statistical significance suggests that the evidence for their use is not conclusive. The results of this study also showed that the introduction of an extra‐soft toothbrush into the oral hygiene regimen did not significantly reduce the incidence of oral mucositis and may actually be responsible for an increase in the severity of oral mucositis.
Exploring predictors of Australian community members' blood donation intentions and blood donation–related behavior during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Masser Barbara M , Hyde Melissa K , Ferguson Eamonn 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundWith the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic continuing to accelerate and blood collection agencies (BCAs) warning of shortages, it is critical to identify the current determinants of donor behavior for donors and nondonors.Study Design and MethodsIn May and June 2020, Australian residents who believed themselves eligible to donate blood responded to measures assessing constructs from an integrated protection motivation theory, organizational trust, and theory of planned behavior framework, with donor status also assessed.ResultsA total of 507 residents (47% male, mean age 28.69 years; 272 had donated/attempted to donate) participated. A revised structural equation model was a good fit to these data. In this model, perceived risk, severity, anxiety, and response cost associated with donating during the COVID‐19 pandemic underpinned threat appraisals, while response efficacy, self‐efficacy, and attitude toward donating during COVID‐19 informed coping appraisals. Trust in the BCA predicted lower threat and higher coping appraisals, and higher coping appraisals predicted stronger subjective norms. Intention to donate during the COVID‐19 pandemic was positively predicted by subjective norm and self‐efficacy. Donation‐related behavior was positively predicted by intention, with this relationship stronger for nondonors than donors.ConclusionSelf‐efficacy and approval from others, underpinned by coping appraisals and organizational trust, play a critical role in intentions to donate. BCAs that focus on maintaining trust with (potential) donors, providing clear messaging stating the minimal threat of contracting COVID‐19 from donating and the protective measures in place, and showing how donating is achievable, may help to ensure a safe and secure blood supply throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Proof‐of‐concept study: Evaluation of plasma and urinary electrolytes as markers of response to L‐asparaginase therapy in dogs with high‐grade lymphoma
Authors: Sayag David , Chamel Gabriel , Bédard Christian , Beauchamp Guy , Couturier Solange , Ponce Frédérique , Rannou Benoit 
Published: September 2020

AbstractResponse to chemotherapy is one of the most important prognostic factors in dogs with lymphoma. The objective of this feasibility study was to evaluate if clinical responses to a specific cytotoxic agent (L‐asparaginase) could be anticipated by measuring analyte concentrations in plasma and urine concentrations of lymphoma‐bearing dogs. We hypothesized that potassium and phosphate concentrations in plasma and urine would be higher in dogs that completely responded to therapy. Plasma and urine samples of dogs with lymphoma were obtained before 12 and 24 hours after intramuscular L‐asparaginase injections. Peripheral lymph node volumes were evaluated according to the Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group standardized criteria. Plasma and urine electrolyte, calcium, phosphate, creatinine, urea, total protein, and albumin concentrations were measured, and the fractional excretions of each electrolyte were calculated. Statistical analyses compared complete vs partial responders using a linear regression model. Contrast analyses were also performed to differentiate the mean of each group, with adjustments made with the Benjamini‐Hochberg procedure. Fourteen dogs were included, eight with complete responses, and six with partial responses. Plasma phosphate concentrations were significantly higher at 12 hours (P = .0003) and 24 hours (P = .009) after complete responses to therapy. This study demonstrates the potential use of plasma and urine analyte monitoring after chemotherapy induction. Plasma phosphate measurements represent a potential indicator of early responses to L‐asparaginase therapy. Larger population studies are warranted to confirm these preliminary results.
Role of IgM testing in the diagnosis and post-treatment follow-up of syphilis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Osbak Kara K , Tsoumanis Achilleas , De Baetselier Irith , Van Esbroek Marjan , Smet Hilde , Kenyon Chris R , Crucitti Tania 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesThe diagnosis of repeat syphilis and its follow-up remains challenging. We aimed to investigate if IgM testing may assist in the diagnosis of syphilis reinfection/relapse and its treatment follow-up.MethodsThis substudy was conducted in the context of a syphilis biomarker discovery study (ClinicalTrials.gov Nr: NCT02059525). Sera were collected from 120 individuals with a new diagnosis of syphilis (72 with repeat infections) and 30 syphilis negative controls during a cohort study investigating syphilis biomarkers conducted at a sexually transmitted infection/HIV clinic in Antwerp, Belgium. Syphilis was diagnosed based on a simultaneous positive treponemal and non-treponemal assay result and/or positive serum PCR targeting polA. Specimens collected at visit of diagnosis, and 3 and 6 months post-treatment were tested by two enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), recomWell (Mikrogen; MI) and Euroimmun (EU), to detect anti-treponemal IgM. Baseline specimens were also tested for anti-treponemal IgM using a line immunoassay (LIA) recomLine (MI). Quantitative kinetic decay curves were constructed from the longitudinal quantitative EIA results.ResultsAn overall sensitivity for the diagnosis of syphilis of 59.8% (95% CI: 50.3%–68.7%), 75.0% (95% CI: 66.1%–82.3%) and 63.3% (95% CI: 54.8%–72.6%) was obtained for the EU, MI EIAs and MI LIA, respectively. When only considering repeat syphilis, the diagnostic sensitivity decreased to 45.7% (95% CI: 33.9%–58.0%), 63.9% (95% CI: 51.7%–74.6%) and 47.2% (95% CI: 35.5%–59.3%), respectively. IgM seroreverted in most cases 6 months after treatment. Post-treatment IgM concentrations decreased almost 30% faster for initial syphilis compared with repeat infection. The IgM EIAs and IgM LIA agreed from fairly to moderately (Cohen’s kappa (κ): 0.36 (EU EIA); κ: 0.53 (MI EIA); κ: 0.40 (MI LIA)) with the diagnosis of syphilis.ConclusionsIgM detection was not a sensitive method to diagnose syphilis and was even poorer in the diagnosis of syphilis repeat infections.
Depression screening using patient-targeted feedback in general practices: study protocol of the German multicentre GET.FEEDBACK.GP randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kohlmann Sebastian , Lehmann Marco , Eisele Marion , Braunschneider Lea-Elena , Marx Gabriella , Zapf Antonia , Wegscheider Karl , Härter Martin , König Hans-Helmut , Gallinat Jürgen , Joos Stefanie , Resmark Gaby , Schneider Antonius , Allwang Christine , Szecsenyi Joachim , Nikendei Christoph , Schulz Sven , Brenk-Franz Katja , Scherer Martin , Löwe Bernd 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionApproximately one out of six patients in primary care suffers from depression, which often remains undetected. Evidence regarding the efficacy of depression screening in primary care, however, is inconsistent. A previous single-centre randomised controlled trial (RCT) in cardiac patients, the DEPSCREEN-INFO trial, provided the first evidence that written feedback to patients following a positive depression screening reduces depression severity and leads to more comprehensive patient engagement in mental healthcare. To amplify these effects, the feedback should be tailored according to patients’ needs and preferences. The GET.FEEDBACK.GP RCT will test the efficacy of this patient-targeted feedback intervention in primary care.Methods and analysisThe multicentre three-arm GET.FEEDBACK.GP RCT aims to recruit a total of 1074 primary care patients from North, East and South Germany. Patients will be screened for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). In the case of a positive depression screening result (PHQ-9 score ≥10), the participant will be randomised into one of three groups to either receive (a) patient-targeted and general practitioner (GP)-targeted feedback regarding the depression screening results, (b) only GP-targeted feedback or (c) no feedback. Patients will be followed over a period of 12 months. The primary outcome is depression severity (PHQ-9) 6 months after screening. Secondary outcomes include patient engagement in mental healthcare, professional depression care and cost-effectiveness. According to a statistical analysis plan, the primary endpoint of all randomised patients will be analysed regarding the intention-to-treat principle.Ethics and disseminationThe Ethics Committee of the Hamburg Medical Association approved the study. A clinical trial company will ensure data safety, monitoring and supervision. The multicentre GET.FEEDBACK.GP RCT is the first trial in primary care that tests the efficacy of a patient-targeted feedback intervention as an adjunct to depression screening. Its results have the potential to influence future depression guidelines and will be disseminated in scientific as well as patient-friendly language.Trial registration numberNCT03988985.
Short-term efficacy of home-based heart rate variability biofeedback on sleep disturbance in patients with incurable cancer: a randomised open-label study
Authors: Hasuo Hideaki , Kanbara Kenji , Shizuma Hisaharu , Morita Yukihiro , Fukunaga Mikihiko 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesEarly palliative care reportedly contributes to the quality of life by improving coping skills in patients with cancer. The aims of the study are to (1) Build a self-coping system that makes it possible to perform a session of home-based heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BF) with resonant breathing in patients with sleep disturbance and to acquire its techniques early on, and (2) Examine its short-term efficacy and feasibility.MethodsA randomised, open-label, comparative study was conducted in the presence or absence of home-based HRV-BF with resonant breathing using a portable HRV-BF device prior to bedtime. The participants were 50 patients with incurable cancer with sleep disturbance who underwent a hospital practice of HRV-BF with resonant breathing. The primary end point was the rate of change in sleep efficiency for 10–14 days. The Japanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (subjective indicator) and actigraphy sleep parameters (objective indicators) were used for sleep assessments.ResultsThe completion rate and implementation rate in the home-based HRV-BF group (n=25) were 96.0% and 91.4%, respectively. This group showed a significant improvement in sleep efficiency, sleep duration and the low-frequency component of HRV. Sleep latency worsened in this group, but a significant difference was not observed.ConclusionsA home practice of HRV-BF with resonant breathing made it possible to acquire its techniques early on and improve sleep and autonomic function; therefore, our study showed high short-term efficacy and feasibility required for a self-coping system.
Prescribing in personality disorder: patients’ perspectives on their encounters with GPs and psychiatrists
Authors: Patel Dipen , Konstantinidou Haroula 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore the views of patients with personality disorder on their experiences of prescribing practices by general practitioners (GPs) and psychiatrists, and their expectations of primary and secondary mental health services.DesignThis was a qualitative study involving two focus groups. Discussion in the focus groups was recorded, transcribed verbatim and then analysed by a thematic analysis process to generate the key themes.SettingThe study took place at a specialist outpatient personality disorder service in the UK.ParticipantsA total of seven participants took part in the study. They were purposively sampled from an NHS specialist outpatient personality disorder service. All participants had a primary diagnosis of emotionally unstable personality disorder and their age ranged from 20 to 52 years.ResultsFive key themes emerged. Participants felt that medication has a powerful impact on their mind and body but expressed confusion and uncertainty on how it is affecting them. Participants had a need for a good relationship with their doctors (GPs or psychiatrists). They described a feeling of being dismissed and not believed, expressing a desire to confront the ‘powerful’ position of their doctors by showing anger. The nature of the doctor-patient relationship was seen to moderate positively or negatively the experience of doctors’ prescribing. Finally, there were key expectations of the primary-secondary care interface, including continuity of care, diagnostic clarity and a desire for different healthcare professionals to communicate with one another.ConclusionThe doctor-patient relationship is an important medium for providing validation and seeking negotiation of therapeutic treatment strategies in patients with personality disorder. Given that personality disorder is associated with high rates of physical and mental health comorbidity, it is therefore vital for clinical guidelines and training packages to take more account of the relational aspects of prescribing in consultations for this patient group with a view to improve outcomes.
Vascular protection and regenerative effects of intranasal DL-3-N-butylphthalide treatment after ischaemic stroke in mice
Authors: Qu Mengyao , Zhao Jingjie , Zhao Yingying , Sun Jinmei , Liu Liping , Wei Ling , Zhang Yongbo 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of DL-3-N-butylphthalide (NBP) via intranasal delivery after ischaemic stroke in mice.MethodsC57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: sham, stroke with vehicle and stroke with NBP treatment. Ischaemic stroke was induced by permanent ligation of right middle cerebral artery with 7 min common carotid artery occlusion. NBP (100 mg/kg) or vehicle was intranasally administered at 1 hour after stroke and repeated once a day until sacrifice. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) (50 mg/kg/day) was given from the third day until sacrifice. Sensorimotor function was tested during 1–21 days after stroke. Local cerebral blood flow in the ischaemic and peri-infarct regions was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry before, during and 3 days after ischaemia. Expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase as well as regenerative marker BrdU in the peri-infarct region were analysed by western blotting and immunohistochemical methods.ResultsCompared with the vehicle group, NBP treatment significantly increased the VEGF expression in the poststroke brain. Stroke mice that received NBP showed significantly less vascular damage after stroke and more new neurons and blood vessels in the peri-infarct region at 21 days after stroke. In the adhesive removal test, the sensorimotor function of stroke mice treated with NBP performed significantly better at 1, 3 and 7 days after stroke compared with vehicle controls.ConclusionDaily intranasal NBP treatment provides protective and neurogenic/angiogenic effects in the poststroke brain, accompanied with functional improvements after a focal ischaemic stroke in mice.
Traumatic tracheostomy in a dog
Authors: Papageorgiou Virginia , Chatzimisios Kyriakos , Angelou Vasileia , Kazakos George , Papazoglou Lysimachos G 
Published: September 2020

SUMMARYA two‐year‐old, mixed breed, female intact dog was referred for further investigation and treatment of a chronic non‐healing wound in the cervical region. The wound was secondary to a circumferential wire collar injury. Clinical examination revealed a cervical tracheal transection resembling a traumatic tracheostomy. The dog underwent closure of the tracheostomy by tracheal resection and anastomosis in a split‐cartilage technique. No serious postsurgical complications were observed apart from short‐term coughing. Eighteen months after surgery, the dog was reported to be free of clinical signs of respiratory disease.
The counting of Nambu–Goldstone bosons in a non-Hermitian field theory
Authors: Arraut Ivan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe demonstrate that the number of Nambu–Goldstone bosons is always equal to the number of conserved currents inside the scenario of non-Hermitian field theories with spontaneous symmetry breaking. This eliminates the redundancies which normally appears in Hermitian field theories, specifically when the Lagrangian under analysis violates explicitly the Lorentz symmetry.
Early Intervention with Lenalidomide in Patients with High-risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Thangavadivel Shanmugapriya , Zhao Qiuhong , Epperla Narendranath , Rike Lindsey , Mo Xiaokui , Badawi Mohamed , Bystry Darlene M. , Phelps Mitch A. , Andritsos Leslie A. , Rogers Kerry A. , Jones Jeffrey , Woyach Jennifer A. , Byrd John C. , Awan Farrukh T. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
Infectious complications constitute a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Patients respond poorly to vaccines, particularly pneumococcal polysaccharide and influenza vaccines. In addition, patients with genetically high-risk disease are at increased risk for early disease progression and death. Lenalidomide, an oral immunomodulatory agent with demonstrated clinical activity in CLL, can potentially restore immune system dysfunction associated with CLL while improving disease outcomes.

Patients and Methods:
Phase II study randomized 49 patients with genetically high-risk CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma [SLL; defined as unmutated Ig heavy chain variable region, deletion(17p) or (11q), and/or complex abnormal karyotype], to receive lenalidomide either concurrent (arm A) or sequential to (arm B) two doses of 13-valent protein-conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) administered 2 months apart, in patients not meeting International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia treatment criteria.

Results:
Four serotypes (3, 4, 5, 6B) achieved the additional seroprotection definition of a fourfold increase in arm A, and six serotypes (3, 4, 5, 6B, 19A, 19F) in arm B. All patients achieved the defined concentration of 0.35 μg/mL for at least one serotype tested. No significant difference was observed with the addition of lenalidomide. At median time on treatment of 3.6 years, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.8 years [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.1—not reached]. PFS at 1, 2, and 3 years was 85% (95% CI, 72–93), 79% (95% CI, 64–88), and 72% (95% CI, 57–83), respectively.

Conclusions:
Lenalidomide is efficacious with manageable toxicities as an early intervention strategy in patients with high-risk CLL, but did not enhance humoral response to PCV13 vaccine.