bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain Talk in Hospice Care: A Conversation Analysis
Authors: Wu Yijin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background A large number of the hospice patients have been reported to be with symptoms of pain. Thus, managing the patient’s pain is one aspect of hospice care provision. The delivery of pain care services could be facilitated through effective communication. However, little has been done to explore the interactional details of the delivery of pain care services in palliative care. Methods Conversation analysis is a useful method to explore the interactional details of interaction by hospice care providers and terminally ill patients. Using the method of Conversation Analysis (CA), this study aims to demonstrate how the hospice care provider employs different types of interactional practices to address the patient’s pain concerns. The data showed in this study are collected from the Alexander St website http://ctiv.alexanderstreet.com, an educational resource presenting a large collection of psycho-therapeutic videos. Results In this study, an illustrative analysis is demonstrated to show the potential of conversation analysis for research on pain talk in palliative care. It has been shown that conversation analysis could contribute to unfolding the interactional details regarding “pain talk” in hospice care settings. Specifically, conversation analysis could provide a detailed description and interpretation of the conversational practices, which are used to construct hospice care provider participation in delivering pain talk. In addition, conversation analysis could also demonstrate the interactional resources by which patients disclose their experiences of physical or spiritual pain to the hospice care provider and the way how the hospice care provider responds to the patient’s troubles talk or feelings talk. Conclusions This study identifies five types of interactional resources which are used to deal with the patient’s pain concerns in hospice care setting. A conversation analytical study of pain talk in hospice care could provide a turn-by-turn description of how the hospice care provider communicates with the terminally ill patient in terms of the patient’s pain concerns. The findings in this study could inform how the hospice care provider initiates, delivers and develops a pain talk with the terminally ill patient effectively.
Application of Enhanced Hidden Markov Model in Stock Price Prediction
Authors: Acula Donata D. , De Guzman Teofilo 
Published: July 2020

The main focus of this research is the enhancement of the Hidden Markov Model by using some features of Neural Networks and the forecasted values of predictors by Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average. The enhanced method was used to predict the close price of stocks whose predictors are open price, high price, low price, and volume of Apple and Nokia data. The performance of the method was measured using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error of the predicted price. The result was compared against the actual close price by using the paired T-test. The testing of the hypothesis showed that the Enhanced Hidden Markov Model obtained more than 94% accuracy rate. It also shows that in Apple data, the predicted close price of the Enhanced Hidden Markov Model is significantly better than the predicted close price of Neural Networks. Using Nokia data, the test claims that there is no difference between the performance of Enhanced Hidden Markov Model and Neural Network in prediction.
Characterization and evaluation of biogas generation of Arba Minch Town slaughterhouse wastewater, Ethiopia
Authors: Dawana Demisie , Kassa Kinfe 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study was carried out to characterize raw and treated Arba Minch town slaughterhouse wastewater and to assess its methane generation potential with lab-scale anaerobic batch reactors. The methane was collected by downward displacement of an alkaline water column. The methane generation potential of the slaughterhouse wastewater was 270.6 mL methane per gram of volatile solids at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 20 days at 37 °C. The organic loading rate was 0.48 g and the organic matter removal efficiency of the reactor was COD (93.5%), BOD5 (88.5%), and TVS (94.7%). The result demonstrated that installation of a biogas reactor to treat slaughterhouse wastewater can recover methane, reduce pollutants and protect the environment. The result can be a demonstration for untreated slaughterhouse wastewaters in developing countries like Arba Minch Town to use anaerobic treatment and supplement their scarce energy options.
Assessment of impacts of change in land use and climatic variables on runoff in Tajan River Basin
Authors: Sadeghi Sajad , Saghafian Bahram , Najarchi Mohsen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The main objective of the present study was to investigate runoff response to climate variables as well as landuse change over the past 30 years in Tajan River Basin, using the SWAT model. After the model calibration, four different scenarios were simulated and compared. Comparison of simulated runoff results determined from different scenarios indicated that climatic variables reduced the amount of runoff while the landuse change increased this amount in most months of the year. Simulated runoff under three landuse scenarios in all months demonstrated that the runoff achieved from scenario 1 was smaller than scenarios 2 and 4. In scenario 4, the runoff amount increased by 3–21% and 0.8–13% in Kordkheil station compared to those of scenario 1 and scenario 2, respectively. Furthermore, the increase in runoff for scenario 4 is 3–19% and 2–12% in Rig Cheshmeh station relative to those of scenario 1 and scenario 2, respectively. Nonetheless, the maximum change in runoff was only 6% under climatic variables. Hence, landuse had more significant impacts on the runoff compared to climatic variables.
Modeling the removal of Reactive Red 120 dye from aqueous effluents by activated carbon
Authors: Oueslati Kods , Lima Eder C. , Ayachi Fakher , Cunha Mariene R. , Ben Lamine Abdelmottaleb 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The adsorption isotherms of Reactive Red 120 (RR-120) on Brazilian pine-fruit shell activated carbon, at six temperatures (298, 303, 308, 313, 318 and 323 K) and pH = 6, were determined and interpreted using a double layer model with one energy. A statistical physics treatment established the formulation of this model. Steric and energetic parameters related to the adsorption process, such as the number of adsorbed molecules per site, the receptor sites density and the concentration at half-saturation, have been considered. Thermodynamic potential functions such as entropy, internal energy and Gibbs free enthalpy are analyzed, and the choice of the models is based on assumptions in correlation with experimental conditions. By numerical fitting, the investigated parameters were deduced. The theoretical expressions provide a good understanding and interpretation of the adsorption isotherms at the microscopic level. We believe that our work contributes to new theoretical insights on the dye adsorption in order to know the physical nature of the adsorption process.
Synthesis of nanospindle-akaganéite and its photocatalytic degradation for methyl orange
Authors: Xiong Huixin , Shen Xingyu , Cui Can , Cheng Lin , Xu Yiqun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Iron oxyhydroxides as important catalysts and environmental mineral materials have drawn significant interest for their potential applications in the field of wastewater treatment. In this work, we investigated the influence of nonionic surfactant Brij30 or glucose (0.01 wt%) on the formation of iron precipitates in iron(III) chloride solutions for 3 days at 40, 60 and 80 °C. The results showed that the presence of glucose or Brij30 could promote the nanospindle-akaganéite formation and the akaganéite with a length of 300–500 nm obtained at 60 °C was the optimal catalyst for organic photocatalysis degradation. Further, we investigated the capacity of C60 akaganéite for degradation removal of methyl orange (MO) under the action of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) addition and/or UV irradiation, and in the presence of different radical scavengers at pH 4.5. We also researched the effects of various levels of H2O2 and catalyst, and the reaction pH values. It was found that akaganéites could remove almost 100% of MO under 100 mg·L−1 of catalyst and H2O2 at pH 4.5. Akaganéite maintained 86% of MO removal capacity after four successive cycles. Our results can be used as a reference for the synthesis of environmentally functional material and the application in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutant.
Microwave-assisted preparation of manganese dioxide modified activated carbon for adsorption of lead ions
Authors: Yan Heng , Hu Wenhai , Cheng Song , Xia Hongying , Chen Quan , Zhang Libo , Zhang Qi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, manganese dioxide was evenly distributed on the surface of activated carbon (AC), and the porous structure of AC and the surface functional groups of manganese dioxide were used to adsorb the heavy metal ion Pb(II). The advantages of microwave heating are fast heating and high selectivity. The mole ratio control of the AC and MnO2 in 1:0.1, microwave heating to 800 °C, heat preservation for 30 min. The maximum adsorption capacity of the MnO2-AC prepared by this method on Pb(II) can reach 664 mg/L at pH = 6. It can be observed by SEM that manganese dioxide particles are dispersed evenly on the surface and pore diameter of AC, and there is almost no agglomeration. The specific surface area was 752.8 m2/g, and the micropore area was 483.9 m2/g. The adsorption mechanism was explored through adsorption isotherm, adsorption kinetics, FTIR, XRD, XPS. It is speculated that the adsorption mechanism includes electrostatic interaction and specific adsorption, indicating that lead ions enter into the void of manganese dioxide and form spherical complexes. The results showed that the adsorption behavior of Pb(II) by MnO2-AC was consistent with the Langmuir adsorption model, the quasi-second-order kinetic model, and the particle internal diffusion model.
Effects of Diacerein Intake on Cardiometabolic Profiles in Type 2 Diabetics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials
Authors: Nowrouzi-Sohrabi Peyman , Tabrizi Reza , Jalali Mohammad , Jamali Navid , Rezaei Shahla , Hessami Kamran , Keshavarz Pedram , Shahabi Saeed , Kolahi Ali-Asghar , Carson‐Chahhoud Kristin , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Safiri Saeid 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials were undertaken to
evaluate the effect of diacerein intake on cardiometabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
(T2DM).

Methods:
Electronic databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar,
and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to 31 July 2019. Statistical
heterogeneity was evaluated using Cochran’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistic. Data were pooled
using random-effects models and weighted mean difference (WMD).

Results:
From 1,733 citations, seven clinical trials were eligible for inclusion and meta-analysis. A
significant reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (WMD -0.73; 95%CI -1.25 to -0.21; P= 0.006; I2=
72.2%) and body mass index (BMI) (WMD -0.55; 95%CI -1.03 to -0.07; P= 0.026; I2= 9.5%) was identified.
However, no significant effect of diacerein intake was identified on fasting blood sugar (FBS)
(WMD -9.00; 95%CI -22.57 to 4.57; P= 0.194; I2= 60.5%), homeostatic model assessment for insulin
resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD 0.39; 95%CI -0.95 to 1.73; P= 0.569; I2= 2.2%), body weight (WMD -
0.54; 95%CI -1.10 to 0.02; P= 0.059), triglycerides (WMD -0.56; 95%CI -24.16 to 23.03; P= 0.963; I2=
0.0%), total-cholesterol (WMD -0.21; 95%CI -12.19 to 11.78; P= 0.973; I2= 0.0%), HDL-cholesterol
(WMD -0.96; 95%CI -2.85 to 0.93; P= 0.321; I2= 0.0%), and LDL-cholesterol levels (WMD -0.09;
95%CI -8.43 to 8.25; P= 0.983; I2= 37.8%).

Conclusion:
Diacerein intake may reduce HbA1c and BMI; however, no evidence of the effect was observed
for FBS, HOMA-IR, body weight, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol or LDLcholesterol.
Lipid carriers mediated targeted delivery of nutraceuticals: Challenges, role of blood brain barrier and promises of nanotechnology based ap-proaches in neuronal disorders.
Authors: Aslam Mohammed , Javed Md Noushad , Deeb Hala Hasan , Nicola Michel Kaisar , Sabir Ayisha Md , Hasnain Md Saquib , Alam Md Sabir , Waziri Aafreen 
Published: July 2020

:
Despite all significant research in discovering new therapeuticals, there has been an alarming rate of reported neurological disorders. However, the delivery of these neurotherapeuticals within the brain region is still a significant chal-lenge in the clinical management of neuronal disorders. Here, characteristic of the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier serves the purpose of a physiological barrier to restrict the passage of systemic bioavailable neu-rotherapeuticals inside the brain, owing to low permeability and drug localization issues. The major advantage of such lipid-based delivery systems is that these are effective non–invasive techniques-based approaches that enable targeting of neuro-therapeuticals into the central nervous system. In the case of poorly water-soluble drugs, these lipid-based carriers not onlyfavor to increase bioavailability by enabling better solubility characteristics in the gastrointestinal tract but such encapsulat-ed neurotherapeuticals loads within the systems; may also favor stability. While owing to their small size and lipid-based composition, they offer enhanced permeability across the blood-brain barrier. These lipid-based nanocarriers effectively transport the encapsulated loads such as synthetic drugs, nutraceuticals, phytoconstituents, herbal extracts, or therapeuticalpeptides; across of these impermeable barriers to reduce the incidence of off-target mediated adverse impacts and toxicity.

:
In this review, we discussed, in brief, the potential of nanotechnology processed and lipid-based carriers, which are not onlyto enable higher penetration through the blood-brain barrier but also to maintain drug plasma levels in the desired range, ow-ing to control release profile. Apart from an increase in the extent of bioavailable fraction of drugs within the brain region, other attributes such as modulation in drug release, better penetration, the incidence of bypassing the first-pass metabolism to elevate half-lives; are further favoring the potential application of these carriers. Hence in this introductory review paper, a brief account of general introduction on limitation of neurotherapeuticals loaded conventional dosage forms, the blood-brain barriers as pharmacological barriers, challenges in brain targeted drug delivery, as well as potentials of different lipid-based nanoparticles and their patents, as emerging delivery solutions for neurotherapeuticals delivery; in the clinical man-agement of neuronal disorders; were thoroughly discussed.
Increased Toxicity of Doxorubicin Encapsulated into pH-Responsive Poly(β-Amino Ester)-Functionalized MCM-41 Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Ávila-Ortega Alejandro , Carrillo-Cocom Leydi Maribel , Olán-Noverola Christofer Enmanuel , Nic-Can Geovanny I. , Vilchis-Nestor Alfredo Rafael , Talavera-Pech William Alejandro 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The encapsulation of anti-cancer drugs in stimulus-sensitive release systems
may provide advantages such as enhanced drug toxicity in tumour tissue cells due to increased intracellular
drug release. Encapsulation may also improve release in targeted tissue due to the response to a
stimulus such as pH, which is lower in the tumour tissue microenvironment. Here, we evaluated the in
vitro toxicity of the Drug Doxorubicin (DOX) loaded into a release system based on poly(β-amino ester)-
modified MCM-41 silica nanoparticles.

Methods:
The MCM-41-DOX-PbAE release system was obtained by loading DOX into MCM-41 nanoparticles
amino-functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and then coated with a
pH-responsive poly(β-amino ester) (PbAE). The physicochemical characteristics of the release system
were evaluated through TEM, FTIR and TGA. Cytotoxicity assays were performed on the MCM-41-
DOX-PbAE system to determine their effects on the inhibition of human MCF-7 breast cancer cell proliferation
after 48 h of exposure through crystal violet assay; the investigated systems included MCF-7
cells with MCM-41, PbAE, and MCM-41-PbAE alone. Additionally, the release of DOX and the
change in pH in
vitro were determined.

Results:
The physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized MCM-41-PbAE system were confirmed,
including the nanoparticle size, spherical morphology, mesoporous ordered structure, and presence
of PbAE on the surface of the MCM-41 nanoparticles. Likewise, we demonstrated that the release
of DOX from the MCM-41-DOX-PbAE system promoted an important reduction in MCF-7 cell viability
(~ 70%) compared to the values obtained with MCM-41, PbAE, and MCM-41-PbAE, as well as a
reduction in the viability under treatment with just DOX (~ 50%).

Conclusions:
The results suggest that all the components of the release system are biocompatible and
that the encapsulation of DOX in MCM-41-PbAE could allow better intracellular release, which would
probably increase the availability and toxic effect of DOX.
Hypervalent Iodine Reagents for Oxidative Rearrangements
Authors: Shetgaonkar Samata E. , Krishnan Manjula , Singh Fateh V. 
Published: July 2020

:
The chemistry of hypervalent iodine reagents has emerged as an astonishing field in
synthetic organic chemistry owing to its easy availability and benign environmental features.
Hypervalent iodine reagents are mostly employed as alternatives in various metal-catalyzed reactions
since they show similar reactivity to the transition metals, are less toxic, and less expensive. These
reagents are often used as oxidants as well as electrophilic reagents in a number of organic transformations,
such as oxidative functionalization, alpha C-H bond functionalization of carbonyl
compounds, rearrangements, and cyclization reactions. Furthermore, the application of iodine(III)
and iodine(V) reagents in various oxidative rearrangement processes generating a diverse array of
molecules have been well explored. In this mini-review, the recent developments in the area of
oxidative rearrangements, using hypervalent iodine reagents, have been covered.
Elucidation of S-Allylcysteine Role in Inducing Apoptosis by Inhibiting PD-L1 Expression in Human Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Khan Fahad , Pandey Pratibha , Mishra Rashmi , Arif Mohd. , Kumar Ambuj , Jafri Asif , Mazumder Rupa 
Published: July 2020

Aim:
The aim of this study is to explore the therapeutic potential of S-allylcysteine (SAC) organosulphur
compound as a potent immune checkpoint inhibitor PD-L1.

Background:
Natural compounds have been showing tremendous anticancerous potential via suppressing the
expression of genes involved in the development and progression of several carcinomas. This has further motivated
us to explore the therapeutic potential of organosulphur compounds as potent immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Objective:
Our study was designed to elucidate the potential of S-allylcysteine (SAC) as significant PD-L1
(immune checkpoint) inhibitor in human lung cancer A549 cancer cell line by using both the in vitro and in
silico approaches.

Methods:
Anticancerous effect of the SAC on lung cancer cells was determined by using the MTT cell viability.
Apoptotic induction was confirmed by Hoechst staining, percent caspase-3 activity as well as gene expression
analysis by real time PCR. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) was estimated by DCFDA method. Additionally,
ligand-target protein interaction was analysed by molecular docking.

Result:
Cell growth and proliferation was significantly reduced in SAC treated A549 cells in a concentration
and time-dependent manner. The effect of SAC on apoptotic induction was analyzed by enhanced nuclear condensation,
increased percent caspase-3 activity as well as modulation of apoptotic genes. Furthermore, SAC
treatment also resulted in reduced expression of PD-L1 and HIF-1α. Additionally, in silico analysis also supported
the in vitro findings by showing efficient docking with PD-L1 immune checkpoint target.

Conclusion:
Therefore, our results clearly suggested that SAC could serve as a novel chemotherapeutic candidate
for the treatment of lung cancer by inhibiting immune checkpoint target PD-L1 in human lung cancer cells.
Additionally, our study also explained a novel molecular mechanism of its antitumor activity.
Evaluación de Bacillus spp. como rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (RPCV) en brócoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) y lechuga (Lactuca sativa)
Authors: Acurio Vásconez Ramiro Daniel , Mamarandi Mossot Johanna Estefania , Ojeda Shagñay Andrea Giomayra , Tenorio Estefany Michelle , Chiluisa Utreras Viviana Pamela , Vaca Suquillo Ivonne De los Ángeles 
Published: July 2020

La lechuga y el brócoli son productos de importancia agrícola en Ecuador, cuyo cultivo demanda considerables cantidades de nutrientes minerales obtenidos, generalmente, de fertilización química. Dado que el uso de rizobacterias promotoras de crecimiento vegetal (RPCV) es una alternativa biológica para el desarrollo de estas especies hortícolas, se estudiaron varias cepas de Bacillus spp. mediante pruebas en laboratorio y campo. La fijación biológica de nitrógeno se realizó mediante una evaluación cualitativa en medio de cultivo libre de nitrógeno; la producción de ácido indolacético se realizó en medio Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB) y se cuantificó la concentración de este con el reactivo de Salkowski; la solubilización de fosfatos se realizó en medio NBRIP, y se cuantificó la concentración de fósforo transformado con el reactivo Mo-Blue. Los datos obtenidos mostraron una diferencia significativa entre los tratamientos (p < 0,01), donde B. megaterium y B. licheniformis presentaron mayor capacidad para fijar nitrógeno, producir auxinas y solubilizar fosfatos. La evaluación de campo determinó, por una parte, un incremento en altura de 26,7 % y 13,72 % en lechuga y brócoli respectivamente, con la aplicación semanal de B. licheniformis. Por otra parte, la aplicación semanal de B. megaterium incrementó significativamente el contenido de materia seca, longitud y peso de la raíz tanto en lechuga como en brócoli. Todas las comparaciones se hicieron frente a un testigo. Estos resultados demuestran que las cepas identificadas en la investigación pueden ser consideradas como rizobacterias promotoras de crecimiento vegetal y son una alternativa biológica a los fertilizantes de síntesis química.