bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FoxO1 regulates TLR4/MyD88/MD2‐NF‐κB inflammatory signalling in mucosal barrier injury of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Han Chenyang , Guo Li , Sheng Yongjia , Yang Yi , Wang Jin , Gu Yanling , Li Wenyan , Zhou Xiaohong , Jiao Qingcai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, FoxO1 transgenic mice (transgenic, FoxO1‐Tg) and C57BL/6 wild‐type (wild‐type, FoxO1‐WT) mice were used to establish chronic colitis by drinking water containing dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). Afterwards, we observed the life changes in mice and assessed the pathological changes by H&E tissue staining. In addition, the TLR4/MyD88/MD2‐NF‐κB inflammatory signals were detected. As a result, under DSS treatment, the activation level of TLR4/MyD88/MD2‐NF‐κB inflammatory signal was higher in FoxO1‐Tg mice than that in FoxO1‐WT mice. Meanwhile, the intestinal mucosal tissue damage was more severe, the down‐regulation of tight junction protein level was more significant and the life quality was decreased to a higher degree in FoxO1‐Tg mice compared with those in FoxO1‐WT mice. Caco‐2 cells were used to mimic the intestinal mucosal barrier model for in vitro assays. In addition, lentiviral packaging FoxO1 overexpressing plasmid was transfected into Caco‐2 cells for FoxO1 overexpression. TNF‐α intervention was performed for intestinal mucosal inflammatory response model. Consequently, the down‐regulation of FoxO1 inhibited the activation of TLR4/MyD88/MD2‐NF‐κB inflammatory signal, decreased the mucosal barrier permeability and up‐regulated the expression of tight junction protein. By contrast, the overexpression of FoxO1 increased the mucosal barrier permeability and down‐regulated the level of tight junction protein.
Life cycle greenhouse gas emission and cost analysis of prefabricated concrete building façade elements
Authors: Zhang Chunbo , Hu Mingming , Yang Xining , Amati Arianna , Tukker Arnold 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBuildings are responsible for approximately 36% of carbon emissions in the European Union. Besides, gradual aging and a lack of adaptability and flexibility of buildings often lead to destructive interventions, resulting not only in higher costs but also in a large amount of construction and demolition waste (CDW). Recently, an innovative system (Ref. VEEP project) has been developed to recycle CDW for the manufacturing of energy‐efficient prefabricated concrete elements (PCE) for new building construction. By applying life cycle costing (LCC) and life cycle assessment (LCA), this study aimed to determine whether the use of VEEP PCE leads to lower carbon emission and lower associated costs over the life cycle of an exemplary four‐story residential building in the Netherlands than a business‐as‐usual (BAU) PCE scenario. This paper provides a case study on the alignment and/or integration of LCA and LCC in an independent and a combined manner (via monetization). This study examines how the internalization of carbon emission and discount rate will affect the final life cycle costs over a 40‐year life span. The simulation results show that the key to economic viability and environmental soundness of VEEP PCE is to reduce production cost and to optimize the thermal performance of the novel isolation material Aerogel; internalization of external cost monetarizes the environmental advantage thus slightly expands the cost advantage of low carbon options, but leads to larger uncertainty about the LCC result.
H3K36me2 is highly correlated with m6A modifications in plants
Authors: Shim Sangrea , Lee Hong Gil , Lee Hongwoo , Seo Pil Joon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe intimate linkage between H3K36me3 and m6A modifications has been demonstrated in mammals. In this issue, Shim et al. (2020) show that similar crosstalk between histone modification and mRNA methylation is conserved in plants, but H3K36me2 is more important for m6A deposition in plants.
Synaptotagmin‐7 enhances calcium‐sensing of chromaffin cell granules and slows discharge of granule cargos
Authors: Bendahmane Mounir , Morales Alina , Kreutzberger Alex J. B. , Schenk Noah A. , Mohan Ramkumar , Bakshi Shreeya , Philippe Julie M. , Zhang Shuang , Kiessling Volker , Tamm Lukas K. , Giovannucci David R. , Jenkins Paul M. , Anantharam Arun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSynaptotagmin‐7 (Syt‐7) is one of two major calcium sensors for exocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells, the other being synaptotagmin‐1 (Syt‐1). Despite a broad appreciation for the importance of Syt‐7, questions remain as to its localization, function in mediating discharge of dense core granule cargos, and role in triggering release in response to physiological stimulation. These questions were addressed using two distinct experimental preparations—mouse chromaffin cells lacking endogenous Syt‐7 (KO cells) and a reconstituted system employing cell‐derived granules expressing either Syt‐7 or Syt‐1. First, using immunofluorescence imaging and subcellular fractionation, it is shown that Syt‐7 is widely distributed in organelles, including dense core granules. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) imaging demonstrates that the kinetics and probability of granule fusion in Syt‐7 KO cells stimulated by a native secretagogue, acetylcholine, are markedly lower than in WT cells. When fusion is observed, fluorescent cargo proteins are discharged more rapidly when only Syt‐1 is available to facilitate release. To determine the extent to which the aforementioned results are attributable purely to Syt‐7, granules expressing only Syt‐7 or Syt‐1 were triggered to fuse on planar supported bilayers bearing plasma membrane SNARE proteins. Here, as in cells, Syt‐7 confers substantially greater calcium sensitivity to granule fusion than Syt‐1 and slows the rate at which cargos are released. Overall, this study demonstrates that by virtue of its high affinity for calcium and effects on fusion pore expansion, Syt‐7 plays a central role in regulating secretory output from adrenal chromaffin cells.
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The Anatomical Society’s Core Anatomy Syllabus for Dental Undergraduates
Authors: Matthan J , Cobb M , McHanwell S , Moxham B J , Finn G M 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Anatomical Society has developed a series of learning outcomes in consultation with dentists, dental educators and anatomists delivering anatomical content to undergraduate dental students. A modified Delphi methodology was adopted to select experts within the field that would recommend core anatomical content in undergraduate dental programmes throughout the UK. Utilising the extensive learning outcomes from two UK Dental Schools, and neuroanatomy learning outcomes that remained outside the Anatomical Society's Core Gross Anatomy Syllabus for Medical Students, a modified Delphi technique was utilised to develop dental anatomical learning outcomes relevant to dental graduates. The Delphi panel consisted of 62 individuals (n = 62) from a wide pool of educators associated with the majority of undergraduate dental schools in the UK, representing a broad spectrum of UK Higher Education Institutions. The output from this study was 147 anatomical learning outcomes deemed to be applicable to all dental undergraduate programmes in the UK. The new recommended core anatomy syllabus for dental undergraduates, grouped into body regions, offers a comprehensive anatomical framework with which to scaffold clinical practice. The syllabus, presented as a set of learning outcomes, may be used in a variety of pedagogic situations, including where anatomy teaching exists within an integrated dental curriculum (both horizontally in the basic sciences part of the curriculum and vertically within the clinical years).
Squamate egg tooth development revisited using three‐dimensional reconstructions of brown anole (Anolis sagrei, Squamata, Dactyloidae) dentition
Authors: Hermyt Mateusz , Janiszewska Katarzyna , Rupik Weronika 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe egg tooth is a hatching adaptation, characteristic of all squamates. In brown anole embryos, the first tooth that starts differentiating is the egg tooth. It develops from a single tooth germ and, similar to the regular dentition of all the other vertebrates, the differentiating egg tooth of the brown anole passes through classic morphological and developmental stages named according to the shape of the dental epithelium: epithelial thickening, dental lamina, tooth bud, cap and bell stages. The differentiating egg tooth consists of three parts: the enamel organ, hard tissues and dental pulp. Shortly before hatching, the egg tooth connects with the premaxilla. Attachment tissue of the egg tooth does not undergo mineralization, which makes it different from the other teeth of most squamates. After hatching, odontoclasts are involved in resorption of the egg tooth's remains. This study shows that the brown anole egg tooth does not completely conform to previous reports describing iguanomorph egg teeth and reveals a need to investigate its development in the context of squamate phylogeny.
Abomasitis in calves: A retrospective cohort study of 23 cases (2006‐2016)
Authors: Guarnieri Eloi , Fecteau Gilles , Berman Julie , Desrochers André , Babkine Marie , Nichols Sylvain , Francoz David 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundAbomasitis is a syndrome affecting young milk‐fed calves. The current veterinary literature describes mainly its necropsy findings.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical presentation, complementary tests, treatments, and case‐fatality rate of calves with a clinical diagnosis of abomasitis and to identify potential factors associated with outcome.MethodsObservational retrospective cohort study (2006‐2016). Review of the medical records of calves <3 months of age presented with abdominal and abomasal distension for <7 days that were clinically diagnosed with abomasitis at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Université de Montréal. A follow‐up examination was conducted by telephone interview.AnimalsTwenty‐three calves clinically diagnosed with abomasitis.ResultsMedian age of presentation was 3 days (range, 0‐62 days). The typical duration of the clinical course was <24 hours (15/23). On admission, the 2 most common clinical signs were anorexia (13/14) and positive succussion (13/14). Hyper‐l‐lactatemia (15/16) and increased γ‐glutamyl‐transferase activity (13/14) were the most common laboratory abnormalities. Hypoproteinemia (19/22) and a left shift (15/18) of the neutrophils also were observed. The short‐term case‐fatality rate was 52% (12/23). The clinical diagnosis was confirmed on all necropsied calves. Clostridium spp. and Escherichia coli were the most frequently isolated bacteria. Based on univariate statistical analysis, the surviving calves were significantly (P < .05) less hypothermic, less acidemic, less hyper‐l‐lactatemic, and had lower serum creatinine concentrations on admission than did the deceased calves.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIn our study, abomasitis was associated with a guarded prognosis.
Evaluation of a serum tumour marker‐based recurrence prediction model after radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yoo Jeongin , Lee Min Woo , Lee Dong Ho , Lee Jeong‐Hoon , Han Joon Koo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground & aimsA recent study showed that serum tumour marker‐based MoRAL score (11×√protein induced by vitamin K absence‐II [PIVKA] +2×√alpha‐foetoprotein [AFP]) can reflect both tumour burden and aggressiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to evaluate whether baseline MoRAL score could predict tumour recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for very‐early/early‐stage HCC.MethodsA total of 576 HCC patients who underwent RFA as initial treatment were enrolled from two tertiary referral hospitals (256 in development cohort and 320 in validation cohort). The primary endpoint was recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and the secondary endpoints included cumulative risks of intrahepatic distant recurrence (IDR) and extrahepatic metastasis (EM).ResultsIn the development cohort, MoRAL score was an independent prognostic factor of RFS (P = .02). The optimal cutoff MoRAL score for predicting RFS was 68. Patients with high MoRAL score (>68) showed significantly shorter RFS than did those with low MoRAL score (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.04, P < .001). The 5‐year RFS rates were 32.3% and 53.2% in high‐ and low‐MoRAL groups respectively. Risks of both IDR (HR = 1.76, P = .003) and EM (HR = 8.25, P = .006) were also significantly higher in high MoRAL group. These results were reproduced in the validation cohort: RFS (HR = 1.81, P < .001; 5‐year RFS rates = 27.7% vs 53.6%) was significantly shorter and risks of IDR (HR = 1.59, P = .003) and EM (HR = 6.19, P = .004) were significantly higher in high MoRAL group.ConclusionA high MoRAL score of >68 was significant a predictive factor of tumour recurrence after RFA for very‐early/early‐stage HCC. Moreover, it might be warranted to evaluate EM in patients with high baseline MoRAL scores.
Concurrent and Longitudinal Contributions of a Brief Assessment of Reading‐Specific Executive Function to Reading Comprehension in First and Second Grade Students
Authors: Cartwright Kelly B. , Marshall Timothy R. , Hatfield Nathan A. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTExecutive function (EF) contributes significantly to reading comprehension across the lifespan. Emerging research indicates domain‐specific assessments of EF are better suited for assessment and intervention in academic contexts. For example, graphophonological‐semantic cognitive flexibility (GSF), the ability to flexibly switch between the graphophonological and semantic components of printed words, contributes uniquely to reading comprehension across the lifespan, and GSF training improves children's reading comprehension. This study compared the original GSF measure, which is problematic for use in schools due to its subjectively interpreted explicit explanation component, to an abbreviated implicit task that is better suited for assessment of GSF in practical contexts in 68 first and second grade students. Implicit and explicit GSF contributed uniquely to reading comprehension concurrently and longitudinally when children (n = 31) were in third and fourth grades, beyond verbal ability, decoding ability, and matrix reasoning.
Losartan improves visceral sensation and gut barrier in a rat model of irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Nozu Tsukasa , Miyagishi Saori , Nozu Rintaro , Takakusaki Kaoru , Okumura Toshikatsu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundLipopolysaccharide (LPS) or repeated water avoidance stress (WAS) induces visceral allodynia and colonic hyperpermeability via corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) and proinflammatory cytokines, which is considered to be a rat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) model. As losartan is known to inhibit proinflammatory cytokine release, we hypothesized that it improves these visceral changes.MethodsThe threshold of visceromotor response (VMR), that is, abdominal muscle contractions induced by colonic balloon distention was electrophysiologically measured in rats. Colonic permeability was determined in vivo by quantifying the absorbed Evans blue in colonic tissue for 15 minutes spectrophotometrically.Key ResultsLipopolysaccharide (1 mg kg−1) subcutaneously (s.c.) reduced the threshold of VMR and increased colonic permeability. Losartan (5‐25 mg kg−1 s.c.) for 3 days inhibited these changes in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, repeated WAS (1 hour daily for 3 days) or intraperitoneal injection of CRF (50 µg kg−1) induced the similar visceral changes as LPS, which were also eliminated by losartan. These effects by losartan in LPS model were reversed by GW9662 (a peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ [PPAR‐γ] antagonist), NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (a nitric oxide [NO] synthesis inhibitor), or naloxone (an opioid receptor antagonist). Moreover, it also inhibited by sulpiride (a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist) or domperidone (a peripheral dopamine D2 antagonist).Conclusion & InferencesLosartan prevented visceral allodynia and colonic hyperpermeability in rat IBS models. These actions may be PPAR‐γ–dependent and also mediated by the NO, opioid, and dopamine D2 pathways. Losartan may be useful for IBS treatment.
Relationship between pharyngeal airway depth and ventilation condition in mandibular setback surgery: A computational fluid dynamics study
Authors: Shirazawa Yoshito , Iwasaki Tomonori , Ooi Kazuhiro , Kobayashi Yutaka , Yanagisawa‐Minami Ayaka , Oku Yoichiro , Yokura Anna , Ban Yuusuke , Suga Hokuto , Kawashiri Shuichi , Yamasaki Youichi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the anteroposterior depth (APD) of the pharyngeal airway (PA) where post‐operative PA obstruction was predicted, using computer fluid dynamics (CFD), in order to prevent obstructive sleep apnoea after mandibular setback surgery.Settings and sample populationNineteen skeletal Class III patients (8 men; mean age, 26.7 years) who required mandibular setback surgery had computed tomography images taken before and 6 months after surgery.MethodsThe APD of each site of the four cross‐sectional reference planes (retropalatal airway [RA], second cervical vertebral airway, oropharyngeal airway and third cervical vertebral airway) were measured. The Maximum negative pressure (Pmax) of the PA was measured at inspiration using CFD, based on a three‐dimensional PA model. Intersite differences were determined using analysis of variance and the Friedman test with Bonferroni correction. The relationship between APD and Pmax was evaluated by Spearman correlation coefficients and non‐linear regression analysis.ResultsThe smallest PA site was the RA. Pmax was significantly correlated with the APD of the RA (rs = .628, P < .001). The relationship between Pmax and the APD‐RA was fitted to a curve, which showed an inversely proportional relationship of Pmax to the square of the APD‐RA. Pmax substantially increased even with a slight reduction of the APD‐RA. In particular, when the APD‐RA was 7 mm or less, Pmax increased greatly, suggesting that PA obstruction was more likely to occur.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that APD‐RA is a useful predictor of good PA ventilation after surgery.
What Determines Voting Behaviors of Muslim Minorities in Europe: Muslim Identity or Left‐Right Ideology?
Authors: Baysu Gülseli , Swyngedouw Marc 
Published: February 2020

Voting is key to political integration of immigrant‐background minorities, but what determines their voting preferences remains unclear. Moreover, dual‐citizen minorities can vote differently in their country of residence and origin. Using a representative survey of Turkish‐Muslim minorities in two cities in Belgium (N = 447, M_age = 36.3), we asked whether left‐right ideology or religious identity predicted their voting in their country of residence and origin, besides typical predictors of right‐wing voting (i.e., efficacy, deprivation, and authoritarianism). Authoritarianism, low political efficacy, and high deprivation predicted voting for right‐wing parties in Turkey, whereas the latter two, surprisingly, predicted voting for the left in Belgium. Latent class analyses of their religious practices distinguished “moderate” versus “strict” Muslims. While “strict” Muslims voted for right‐wing parties in Turkey, ideology did not predict their voting. Conversely, in Belgium, while Muslim identity did not predict their voting, ideology did. Analyzing their combined effects, “moderate” Muslims voted based on their ideology—right‐leaning voting for the right, whereas “strict” Muslims voted according to their interests as a disadvantaged minority in Belgium—thus voting for the left—or as a devout Muslim in Turkey—thus voting for the right. Our results elucidate processes underlying the voting behaviors of European‐Muslim minorities.
River‐dominated and tide‐influenced shelf‐edge delta systems: Coarse‐grained deltas straddling the Early–Middle Jurassic shelf–slope break and transforming downslope, Lajas–Los Molles formations, Neuquén Basin, Argentina
Authors: Almeida Junior Flavio N. , Steel Ronald J. , Olariu Cornel , Gan Yuqian , Gomes paim Paulo S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe three‐dimensional facies and architecture variability of shelf‐edge deltaic units cropping out at the transition between the Lower–Middle Jurassic Lajas and Los Molles formations of southern Neuquén Basin, Argentina, is presented here, as well as their stratigraphic relationship to uppermost deep‐water slope channel systems. Deep‐water, slope mudstones with thin turbidite beds merge upward with prodelta mudstones and thin sandstones, which are truncated by delta‐front to mouth‐bar sandstones. The latter sandstones are then downcut by large‐scale, trough cross‐stratified coarse‐grained sandstones and conglomerates of distributary channel systems and along‐strike, amalgamated with cross‐bedded sandy units showing evidence of tidal reworking. Proximal–distal facies and architecture variability within a shelf‐edge deltaic succession demonstrates that distributary channel‐complexes become wider and deeper basinward, forming channelized river‐dominated distributary fairways separated by tidally reworked inter‐distributary sand belts at the shelf edge. Evidence from depositional‐dip oriented outcrops shows a lack of collapsed and slumped strata at the shelf edge, and that the coarse shelf‐edge distributary channel fills continue far down the deepwater slope, and conglomerates transform to become high‐density turbidites to mainly thick‐bedded, sand‐matrix‐supported debrites. The interplay between flood tides and river currents is interpreted to have primarily modulated the focusing of river drainages, and consequently coarse‐grained sediment transport, along preferential routes on the outer‐shelf to shelf‐edge and down onto the slope. This contribution documents a unique example of coarse‐grained (mostly conglomeratic) shelf‐edge delta systems, tying bed‐scale facies and architecture data to a seismic‐scale shelf‐margin morphology, thus providing outcrop analogue data for the characterization of shelf‐edge delta systems in the subsurface.
Imaginator: A Proof‐of‐Concept Feasibility Trial of a Brief Imagery‐Based Psychological Intervention for Young People Who Self‐Harm
Authors: Di Simplicio Martina , Appiah‐Kusi Elizabeth , Wilkinson Paul , Watson Peter , Meiser‐Stedman Caroline , Kavanagh David J. , Holmes Emily A. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesThe Imaginator study tested the feasibility of a short mental imagery‐based psychological intervention for young people who self‐harm and used a stepped‐wedge design to investigate effects on self‐harm frequency reduction at 3 and 6 months.MethodA total of 38 participants aged 16–25 were recruited via community self‐referral and mental health services. Participants were randomized to immediate delivery of Functional Imagery Training (FIT) or usual care followed by delayed delivery after 3 months. FIT comprised two face‐to‐face sessions, five phone sessions, and use of a smartphone app. Outcomes’ assessment was blind to allocation.ResultsThree quarters of those who began treatment completed face‐to‐face sessions, and 57% completed five or more sessions in total. Self‐harm frequency data were obtained on 76% of the sample at 3 months (primary outcome) and 63% at 6 months. FIT produced moderate reductions in self‐harm frequency at 3 months after immediate (d = 0.65) and delayed delivery (d = 0.75). The Immediate FIT group maintained improvements from 3 to 6 months (d = 0.05). Participants receiving usual care also reduced self‐harm (d = 0.47).ConclusionsA brief mental imagery‐based psychological intervention targeting self‐harm in young people is feasible and may comprise a novel transdiagnostic treatment for self‐harm.