bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The anisotropic chiral boson
Authors: Fuentealba Oscar , González Hernán A. , Pino Miguel , Troncoso Ricardo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We construct the theory of a chiral boson with anisotropic scaling, characterized by a dynamical exponent z that takes positive odd integer values. The action reduces to that of Floreanini and Jackiw in the isotropic case (z = 1). The standard free boson with Lifshitz scaling is recovered when both chiralities are nonlocally combined. Its canonical structure and symmetries are also analyzed. As in the isotropic case, the theory is also endowed with a current algebra. Noteworthy, the standard conformal symmetry is shown to be still present, but realized in a nonlocal way. The exact form of the partition function at finite temperature is obtained from the path integral, as well as from the trace over $$ \hat{u} $$

u
̂

(1) descendants. It is essentially given by the generating function of the number of partitions of an integer into z-th powers, being a well-known object in number theory. Thus, the asymptotic growth of the number of states at fixed energy, including subleading correc- tions, can be obtained from the appropriate extension of the renowned result of Hardy and Ramanujan.
Calibration of multiple cameras for large-scale experiments using a freely moving calibration target
Authors: Muller K. , Hemelrijk C. K. , Westerweel J. , Tam D. S. W. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Obtaining accurate experimental data from Lagrangian tracking and tomographic velocimetry requires an accurate camera calibration consistent over multiple views. Established calibration procedures are often challenging to implement when the length scale of the measurement volume exceeds that of a typical laboratory experiment. Here, we combine tools developed in computer vision and non-linear camera mappings used in experimental fluid mechanics, to successfully calibrate a four-camera setup that is imaging inside a large tank of dimensions $$\sim 10 \times 25 \times 6 \; \mathrm {m}^3$$∼10×25×6m3. The calibration procedure uses a planar checkerboard that is arbitrarily positioned at unknown locations and orientations. The method can be applied to any number of cameras. The parameters of the calibration yields direct estimates of the positions and orientations of the four cameras as well as the focal lengths of the lenses. These parameters are used to assess the quality of the calibration. The calibration allows us to perform accurate and consistent linear ray-tracing, which we use to triangulate and track fish inside the large tank. An open-source implementation of the calibration in Matlab is available.

Graphic abstract
Objectively measured versus self-reported occupational physical activity and multisite musculoskeletal pain: a prospective follow-up study at 20 nursing homes in Denmark
Authors: Neupane Subas , Karstad Kristina , Hallman David M. , Rugulies Reiner , Holtermann Andreas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeTo explore the prospective association of objectively measured and self-reported occupational physical activity (OPA) with multisite musculoskeletal pain (MSP) among Danish eldercare workers.MethodsThe study population consisted of eldercare workers in 20 Danish nursing homes (N = 553, response rate 59%, 525 female). Baseline data were collected in 2013–2014 and the 1-year follow-up was completed in 2016. At baseline, we measured objective OPA by a thigh-worn ActiGraph GT3X + accelerometer during work and self-reported OPA by a questionnaire survey. Information on musculoskeletal pain during the past four weeks in seven different body sites was reported by a structured questionnaire at baseline (n = 389) and by SMS and telephone interview during follow-up (n = 284). MSP was defined as having pain in two or more body sites. Using log-binomial models we calculated risk ratios (RRs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to estimate the association between objectively measured and self-reported OPA and MSP.ResultsWe found statistically significant positive associations between self-reported OPA (RR for high OPA 1.24, 95% CI 1.05–1.46) and MSP while there was no significant association found between objective OPA and MSP.ConclusionOur study indicates that self-reported, but not objectively measured OPA is positively associated with MSP. This finding highlights the need for better understanding, use, and interpretation of self-reported and objectively measured OPA in the study of MSP.
Placement of TOF-Cuff® on the lower leg for neuromuscular and blood pressure monitoring during anesthetic induction for shoulder surgeries
Authors: Dullenkopf Alexander , Horn Katja , Steurer Marc P. , Hess Florian , Welter JoEllen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare two devices for neuromuscular monitoring during anesthetic induction. TOF-Cuff® was installed on the lower leg stimulating the tibial nerve, while the more conventional TOF-Scan® was installed over the ulnar nerve at the wrist.
Methods
Twenty adult patients were enrolled in this prospective, controlled study. Train-of-four (TOF) was recorded every 15 s until TOF ratio of 0%. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) was assessed with TOF-Cuff® and with standard anesthesia monitoring from the brachial artery. MAP was measured before and after anesthetic induction. Time to TOF ratio = 0% was compared with one-sample t test and Bland–Altman plots.
Results
Patients received 0.53 ± 0.09 mg atracurium per kg body weight intravenously. Mean time to TOF ratio = 0% was 150.8 s (± 43.7) for TOF-Scan®, and 174.4 s (± 42.7) for TOF-Cuff® (p = 0.1356). Bias was − 15.9 (95% confidence interval − 37.5 to 5.6) with 95% limits of agreement of − 95.2 to 63.3. Twenty-five percent of the patients had a technical issue with a TOF-Cuff® measurement. For MAP, mean difference was 1.4 (95% confidence interval − 2.4 to 5.2) with 95% limits of agreement of − 22.7 to 25.5.
Conclusion
The time from administration of a common dose of atracurium to a TOF ratio of 0% assessed with TOF-Cuff® stimulating the tibial nerve compared to TOF-Scan® stimulating the ulnar nerve showed large limits of agreement in Bland–Altman analysis. There was a high failure rate with TOF-Cuff® measurements on the lower leg.
ISSLS prize in clinical science 2020: the reliability and interpretability of score change in lumbar spine research
Authors: Parai C. , Hägg O. , Lind B. , Brisby H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
A statistically significant score change of a PROM (Patient-Reported Outcome Measure) can be questioned if it does not exceed the clinically Minimal Important Change (MIC) or the SDC (Smallest Detectable Change) of the particular measure. The aim of the study was to define the SDC of three common PROMs in degenerative lumbar spine surgery: Numeric Rating Scale (NRSBACK/LEG), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Euroqol-5-Dimensions (EQ-5DINDEX) and to compare them to their MICs. The transition questions Global Assessment (GABACK/LEG) were also explored.

Methods
Reliability analyses were performed on a test–retest population of 182 symptomatically stable patients, with similar characteristics as the Swespine registry population, who underwent surgery for degenerative lumbar spine conditions 2017–2018. The MIC values were based on the entire registry (n = 98,732) using the ROC curve method. The ICC for absolute agreement was calculated in a two-way random-effects single measures model. For categorical variables, weighted kappa and exact agreement were computed.

Results
For the NRS, the SDC exceeded the MIC (NRSBACK:3.6 and 2.7; NRSLEG: 3.7 and 3.2, respectively), while they were of an equal size of 18 for the ODI. The gap between the two estimates was remarkable in the EQ-5DINDEX, where SDC was 0.49 and MIC was 0.10. The GABACK/LEG showed an excellent agreement between the test and the retest occasion.

Conclusion
For the tested PROM scores, the changes must be considerable in order to distinguish a true change from random error in degenerative lumbar spine surgery research.

Graphic abstract
These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
Prevalence and impact of insomnia in children and adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder undergoing multimodal specialist treatment
Authors: Sevilla-Cermeño Laura , Rautio Daniel , Andrén Per , Hillborg Maria , Silverberg-Morse Maria , Lahera Guillermo , Mataix-Cols David , Fernández de la Cruz Lorena 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPediatric body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is challenging to treat. This study aimed to establish the prevalence of insomnia in youth with BDD and explore its impact on clinical outcomes. Sixty-six children and adolescents with BDD consecutively referred to a specialist clinic completed a range of clinical measures, including the Yale-Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale Modified for BDD-Adolescent Version (BDD-YBOCS-A), and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Patients with clinical insomnia (ISI score ≥ 9) were compared to the rest of the sample on socio-demographic and clinical features. Fifty-six patients who received multimodal treatment were re-assessed post-treatment. A mixed-model ANOVA was performed to compare treatment outcomes between the insomnia vs. no insomnia groups, and Chi-squared tests were used to compare response and remission rates. According to the ISI, 48% of the sample qualified as having insomnia at baseline. These participants showed significantly higher self-reported BDD symptom severity, more depressive symptoms, and more functional impairment in daily activities. Patients with insomnia improved less on the BDD-YBOCS-A than those without insomnia, although the difference did not reach statistical significance. The rates of responders and remitters were lower in the insomnia group, compared to the non-insomnia group. Insomnia is prevalent in pediatric BDD, and is associated with more severe psychopathology and worse functioning in daily activities. Furthermore, youth experiencing BDD and insomnia may benefit from multimodal treatment to a lesser extent than those without insomnia. If these results are replicated in larger samples, treatment refinements for pediatric BDD could include specific modules to directly target insomnia.
Dotinurad: a clinical pharmacokinetic study of a novel, selective urate reabsorption inhibitor in subjects with hepatic impairment
Authors: Kumagai Yuji , Sakaki Masashi , Furihata Kenichi , Ito Takayoshi , Inoue Kazuaki , Yoshida Takafumi , Matsumoto Shigeki , Furuno Kazuki , Hagino Atsushi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Dotinurad is a novel, selective urate reabsorption inhibitor, which reduces serum uric acid levels by inhibiting the urate transporter 1 (URAT1). We compared the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and safety of dotinurad in subjects with hepatic impairment and normal hepatic function.

Methods
This was a multicenter, open-label, single dose study. A total of 24 subjects were divided into four groups: the normal hepatic function group and the mild, moderate, and severe hepatic impairment groups. The primary endpoints were changes in plasma dotinurad levels and PK parameters.

Results
The geometric mean ratio of the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) [two-sided 90% confidence interval (CI)] of dotinurad in in the mild, moderate, and severe hepatic impairment groups relative to that in the normal hepatic function group was 0.840 (0.674–1.047), 0.798 (0.653–0.976), and 0.747 (0.570–0.979), respectively, showing a lower Cmax in the moderate and severe hepatic impairment groups. Following adjustment for body weight, only the moderate hepatic impairment group had a lower Cmax than the normal hepatic function group. No meaningful differences in other PK parameters were observed between the groups. Regarding the PD of dotinurad, the changes in serum uric acid levels after dosing were similar in all groups. As for safety, no noteworthy concerns were raised in relation to any group.

Conclusion
The study revealed no clinically meaningful influence of hepatic impairment on the PK, PD, or safety of dotinurad. These findings indicate possibility that dotinurad can be used without dose adjustment in patients with hepatic impairment.
Apc.LaeA and Apc.VeA of the velvet complex govern secondary metabolism and morphological development in the echinocandin-producing fungusAspergillus pachycristatus
Authors: Lan Nan , Yue Qun , An Zhiqiang , Bills Gerald F 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe impact of the global secondary metabolite regulators LaeA and VeA on echinocandin B production and morphological development was evaluated in the industrial production strain Aspergillus pachycristatus NRRL 11440. Other representative secondary metabolites were examined as well to determine if the velvet complex functions as in A. nidulans and other species of fungi. Genetic methods used for gene manipulations in A. nidulans were applied to A. pachycristatus. Separate deletions of genes Apc.laeA and Apc.veA resulted in similar yet differing phenotypes in strain NRRL 11440. Disruption of Apc.laeA and Apc.veA significantly reduced, but did not eliminate, the production of echinocandin B. Similar to what has been observed in A. nidulans, the production of sterigmatocystin was nearly eliminated in both mutants. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analyses confirmed that selected genes of both the echinocandin B and sterigmatocystin gene clusters were down-regulated in both mutant types. The two mutants differed with respect to growth of aerial hyphae, pigmentation, development of conidiophores, conidial germination rate, and ascospore maturation. Further functional annotation of key regulatory genes in A. pachycristatus and related Aspergillus species will improve our understanding of regulation of echinocandin production and co-produced metabolites.
A priori predictions of type I and type V isotherms by the rigid adsorbent lattice fluid
Authors: Verbraeken Maarten C. , Brandani Stefano 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAdsorbents exhibiting non type I adsorption behaviour are becoming increasingly more important in industrial applications, such as drying and gas separation. The ability to model these processes is essential in process optimisation and intensification, but requires an accurate description of the adsorption isotherms under a range of conditions. Here we describe how the Rigid Adsorbent Lattice Fluid is capable of a priori predictions both type I and type V adsorption behaviour in silicalite-1. The predictions are consistent with experimental observations for aliphatic (type I) and polar (type V) molecules in this hydrophobic material. Type V behaviour is related to molecular clustering and the paper discusses the model parameters governing the presence/absence of this behaviour in the predicted isotherms. It is found that both the solid porosity and the adsorbate interaction energy/energy density are deciding factors for the isotherm shape. Importantly, the model, whilst thermodynamically consistent, is macroscopic and thus computationally light and requires only a small number of physically meaningful parameters.
Characterizing the invasion of different breast cancer cell lines with distinct E-cadherin status in 3D using a microfluidic system
Authors: Eslami Amirabadi H. , Tuerlings M. , Hollestelle A. , SahebAli S. , Luttge R. , van Donkelaar C. C. , Martens J. W. M. , den Toonder J. M. J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractE-cadherin is a cell-cell adhesion protein that plays a prominent role in cancer invasion. Inactivation of E-cadherin in breast cancer can arise from gene promoter hypermethylation or genetic mutation. Depending on their E-cadherin status, breast cancer cells adopt different morphologies with distinct invasion modes. The tumor microenvironment (TME) can also affect the cell morphology and invasion mode. In this paper, we used a previously developed microfluidic system to quantify the three-dimensional invasion of breast cancer cells with different E-cadherin status, namely MCF-7, CAMA-1 and MDA-MB-231 with wild type, mutated and promoter hypermethylated E-cadherin, respectively. The cells migrated into a stable and reproducible microfibrous polycaprolactone mesh in the chip under a programmed stable chemotactic gradient. We observed that the MDA-MB-231 cells invaded the most, as single cells. MCF-7 cells collectively invaded into the matrix more than CAMA-1 cells, maintaining their E-cadherin expression. The CAMA-1 cells exhibited multicellular multifocal infiltration into the matrix. These results are consistent with what is seen in vivo in the cancer biology literature. In addition, comparison between complete serum and serum gradient conditions showed that the MDA-MB-231 cells invaded more under the serum gradient after one day, however this behavior was inverted after 3 days. The results showcase that the microfluidic system can be used to quantitatively assess the invasion behavior of cancer cells with different E-cadherin expression, for a longer period than conventional invasion models. In the future, it can be used to quantitatively investigate effects of matrix structure and cell treatments on cancer invasion.
Open Textbooks: A Balance Between Empowerment and Disruption
Authors: Algers Anne 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe use of open textbooks in universities is according to some organisations changing the higher education landscape and is promising for the mainstream adoption of OER. The aim of this paper is to analyse authors’ views of agency and empowerment when they plan, create and reflect on their open textbooks, their teaching and students’ learning. Another aim is to analyse the ways in which knowledge supports authors’ creation of open textbooks and tensions inherent in this practice. This qualitative study used a modified version of a validated questionnaire for 1 h long semi-structured interviews with four interviewees, conducted over 4 days. The data from the interviews were analysed in three steps combining two coding structures, for self-regulated learning and levels of contradictions. The results suggest that the four authors engendered a sense of relational agency in the creation process. They indicated that they valued openness and the pedagogical project itself by highlighting both teachers’ and learners’ perception of agency and empowerment. The data also support the authors’ concerns about the disruptive nature of open textbooks regarding stability versus adaptation and data ownership as it relates to use of learning analytics and commercial interests, indicating considerable contradictions in open textbook practices.
Counseling young women with early breast cancer on fertility preservation
Authors: ter Welle-Butalid M. E. (Elena) , Vriens I. J. H. (Ingeborg) , Derhaag J. G. (Josien) , Leter E. M. (Edward) , de Die-Smulders C. E. (Christine) , Smidt M. (Marjolein) , van Golde R. J. T. (Ron) , Tjan-Heijnen V. C. G. (Vivianne) 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Women with early-stage breast cancer may still have a future child wish, while chemotherapy may impair fertility. To pursue on fertility preservation shortly after breast cancer diagnosis is complex. This review holds a critical reflection on all topics that need to be counseled to give them the opportunity to make a well-informed decision before starting any oncological treatment.

Methods
A comprehensive literature review was performed on papers published in English language on breast cancer in young women, risk of chemotherapy-induced infertility, fertility preservation techniques, impact of possible mutation carriership, and future pregnancy outcome.

Results
Below 40 years of age, the risk of permanent chemotherapy-induced ovarian function failure is approximately 20%, where taxanes do not significantly add to this risk. Overall, 23% of reported women who performed fertility preservation by cryopreserving oocytes or embryos returned for embryo transfer. Of these, 40% gave live birth. Both fertility preservation in women diagnosed with breast cancer and pregnancy after treatment seem safe with respect to breast cancer survival. Women who have a genetic predisposition for breast cancer like BRCA gene mutation should also be informed about the possibility of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.

Conclusions
Women with an early stage of breast cancer and a possible future child wish should be referred to an expertise center in breast cancer, fertility preservation, and genetics in this complex decision-making process, shortly after diagnosis.
Rare Loot Box Rewards Trigger Larger Arousal and Reward Responses, and Greater Urge to Open More Loot Boxes
Authors: Larche Chanel J. , Chini Katrina , Lee Christopher , Dixon Mike J. , Fernandes Myra 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLoot boxes are a purchasable video-game feature consisting of randomly determined, in-game virtual items. Due to their chance-based nature, there is much debate as to whether they constitute a form of gambling. We sought to address this issue by examining whether players treat virtual loot box rewards in a way that parallels established reward reactivity for monetary rewards in slots play. Across two sets of experiments, we show that loot boxes containing rarer items are more valuable, arousing, rewarding and urge-inducing to players, similar to the way slots gamblers treat rare large wins in slots play. Importantly, we show in Experiment 2 that the duration of Post Reinforcement Pauses, an index of reward reactivity, are longer for boxes with rarer items. Boxes containing rarer rewards also trigger larger Skin Conductance Responses and larger force responses—indices of positive arousal. Findings of Experiment 2 also revealed that there was an increase in anticipatory arousal prior to the reveal of loot box rewards. Collectively, our results elucidate the structural similarities between loot boxes and specific gambling games. The fact that players find rarer game items hedonically rewarding and motivating has implications for potential risky or excessive loot box use for some players.
On the variational principle for the non-linear Schrödinger equation
Authors: Mihálka Zsuzsanna É. , Margócsy Ádám , Szabados Ágnes , Surján Péter R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhile variation of the energy functional yields the Schrödinger equation in the usual, linear case, no such statement can be formulated in the general nonlinear situation when the Hamiltonian depends on its eigenvector. In this latter case, as we illustrate by sample numerical calculations, the points of the energy expectation value hypersurface where the eigenvalue equation is satisfied separate from those where the energy is stationary. We show that the variation of the energy at the eigensolution is determined by a generalized Hellmann–Feynman theorem. Functionals, other than the energy, can, however be constructed, that result the nonlinear Schrödinger equation upon setting their variation zero. The second centralized moment of the Hamiltonian is one example.