bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Service innovation and internationalization in SMEs: antecedents and profitability outcomes
Authors: Vuorio Anna , Torkkeli Lasse , Sainio Liisa-Maija 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBoth innovating and internationalizing can hold the key to survival and growth among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Service innovation in particular is highly relevant in the increasingly digitalized and high-technology global trade. However, there have been until now few studies on service innovation in international entrepreneurship. Thus, in an effort to illuminate its role in entrepreneurial internationalization, the present study examines the profitability impact of service innovation in SME internationalization, while also outlining the differing impacts of entrepreneurial orientation and human capital as the antecedents of both. The empirical data were collected via an online survey of Finnish SMEs in the information and communications technology (ICT) industrial sector, the final sample comprising 104 companies. The data were analyzed through structural equation modeling. The results indicate, first, that entrepreneurial orientation underlies both degree of internationalization and service innovation, yet different dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation have distinct impacts on the two outcomes. Second, we find that the level human capital also determines the level of service innovation in as an antecedent and third, international expansion, but not service innovation, has a negative impact on profitability. We discuss the implications of these results, which imply that SMEs may face an internationalization-innovation paradox in that engaging in both activities may not be a feasible strategic option for them, and that prioritizing internationalizing in favor of innovating may incur costs and result in lower profitability.
Understanding the role of key amino acids in regulation of proline dehydrogenase/proline oxidase (prodh/pox)-dependent apoptosis/autophagy as an approach to targeted cancer therapy
Authors: Huynh Thi Yen Ly , Zareba Ilona , Baszanowska Weronika , Lewoniewska Sylwia , Palka Jerzy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn stress conditions, as neoplastic transformation, amino acids serve not only as nutrients to maintain the cell survival but also as mediators of several regulatory pathways which are involved in apoptosis and autophagy. Especially, under glucose deprivation, in order to maintain the cell survival, proline and glutamine together with other glutamine-derived products such as glutamate, alpha-ketoglutarate, and ornithine serve as alternative sources of energy. They are substrates for production of pyrroline-5-carboxylate which is the product of conversion of proline by proline dehydrogenase/ proline oxidase (PRODH/POX) to produce ATP for protective autophagy or reactive oxygen species for apoptosis. Interconversion of proline, ornithine, and glutamate may therefore regulate PRODH/POX-dependent apoptosis/autophagy. The key amino acid is proline, circulating between mitochondria and cytoplasm in the proline cycle. This shuttle is known as proline cycle. It is coupled to pentose phosphate pathway producing nucleotides for DNA biosynthesis. PRODH/POX is also linked to p53 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent pathways. Proline availability for PRODH/POX-dependent apoptosis/autophagy is regulated at the level of collagen biosynthesis (proline utilizing process) and prolidase activity (proline supporting process). In this review, we suggest that amino acid metabolism linking TCA and Urea cycles affect PRODH/POX-dependent apoptosis/autophagy and the knowledge might be useful to targeted cancer therapy.
The relationship between frequency and severity of vaso-occlusive crises and health-related quality of life and work productivity in adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Rizio Avery A. , Bhor Menaka , Lin Xiaochen , McCausland Kristen L. , White Michelle K. , Paulose Jincy , Nandal Savita , Halloway Rashid I. , Bronté-Hall Lanetta 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) may experience sickle cell-related pain crises, also referred to as vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs), which are a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality. The study explored how VOC frequency and severity impacts health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work productivity.

Methods
Three hundred and three adults with SCD who completed an online survey were included in the analysis. Patients answered questions regarding their experience with SCD and VOCs, and completed the Adult Sickle Cell Quality of Life Measurement Information System (ASCQ-Me) and the Workplace Productivity and Activity Impairment: Specific Health Problem (WPAI:SHP). Differences in ASCQ-Me and WPAI:SHP domains were assessed according to VOC frequency and severity.

Results
Nearly half of the patient sample (47.2%) experienced ≥ 4 VOCs in the past 12 months. The most commonly reported barriers to receiving care for SCD included discrimination by or trouble trusting healthcare professionals (39.6%, 33.3%, respectively), limited access to treatment centers (38.9%), and difficulty affording services (29.4%). Patients with more frequent VOCs reported greater impacts on emotion, social functioning, stiffness, sleep and pain, and greater absenteeism, overall productivity loss, and activity impairment than patients with less frequent VOCs (P < 0.05). Significant impacts on HRQoL and work productivity were also observed when stratifying by VOC severity (P < 0.05 for all ASCQ-Me and WPAI domains, except for presenteeism).

Conclusions
Results from the survey indicated that patients with SCD who had more frequent or severe VOCs experienced deficits in multiple domains of HRQoL and work productivity. Future research should examine the longitudinal relationship between these outcomes.
Transcriptional and biochemical biomarker responses in a freshwater mussel (Anodonta anatina) under environmentally relevant Cu exposure
Authors: Ekelund Ugge Gustaf Magnus Oskar , Jonsson Annie , Olsson Björn , Sjöback Robert , Berglund Olof 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMolecular biomarkers, like gene transcripts or enzyme activities, are potentially powerful tools for early warning assessment of pollution. However, a thorough understanding of response and baseline variation is required to distinguish actual effects from pollution. Here, we assess the freshwater musselAnodonta anatinaas a biomarker model species for freshwater ecosystems, by testing responses of six transcriptional (cat,gst,hsp70,hsp90,mt, andsod) and two biochemical (AChE and GST) biomarkers to environmentally relevant Cu water concentrations. Mussels (n = 20), collected from a stream free from point source pollution, were exposed in the laboratory, for 96 h, to Cu treatments (< 0.2 μg/L, 0.77 ± 0.87 μg/L, and 6.3 ± 5.4 μg/L). Gills and digestive glands were extracted and analyzed for transcriptional and biochemical responses. Biological and statistical effect sizes from Cu treatments were in general small (mean log2fold-change ≤ 0.80 and Cohen’sf ≤ 0.69, respectively), and no significant treatment effects were observed. In contrast, four out of eight biomarkers (cat,gst,hsp70, and GST) showed a significant sex:tissue interaction, and additionally one (sod) showed significant overall effects from sex. Specifically, three markers in gills (cat,mt, GST) and one in digestive gland (AChE) displayed significant sex differences, independent of treatment. Results suggest that sex or tissue effects might obscure low-magnitude biomarker responses and potential early warnings. Thus, variation in biomarker baselines and response patterns needs to be further addressed for the future use ofA. anatinaas a biomarker model species.
Particulate matter on foliage of Betula pendula, Quercus robur, and Tilia cordata: deposition and ecophysiology
Authors: Łukowski Adrian , Popek Robert , Karolewski Piotr 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTrees in urban and industrial areas significantly help to limit the amount of particulate matter (PM) suspended in the air, but PM has a negative impact on their life. The amount of PM gathered on leaves depends on quantity, size, and morphology of leaves and can also be increased by the presence of epicuticular waxes, in which PM can become stuck or immersed. In this study, we determined the ability of PM to accumulate on leaves in relation to the species of tree and PM source. We tested saplings of three common European tree species (Betula pendula,Quercus robur, andTilia cordata) by experimentally polluting them with PM from different sources (cement, construction, and roadside PM), and then assessing the effects of PM on plant growth and ecophysiology. In all studied species, we have found two types of PM accumulation: a layer on the leaf surface and an in-wax layer. Results showed that the studied species accumulate PM on their leaf blade, reducing the efficiency of its photosynthetic apparatus, which in a broader sense can be considered a reduction in the plants’ normal functioning. Saplings ofQ. robursuffered the least, whereasB. pendula(especially photosynthetic rate and conductivity) andT. cordata(especially increase in leader shoot length) exhibited greater negative effects. The foliage ofB. pendulacollected the most PM, followed byQ. robur, and thenT. cordata, regardless of the dust’s source. All tested species showed a tendency for higher wax production when growing under PM pollution stress. We believe that, potentially,B. pendulabest enhances the quality of the PM-contaminated environment; however, faster leaf fall, reduced productivity, and worse quality of wood should be considered in urban forest management.
The role of primary care in management of rare diseases in Ireland
Authors: Byrne Niall , Turner Jacqueline , Marron Rita , Lambert Deborah M. , Murphy Daniel N. , O’Sullivan Grace , Mason Maureen , Broderick Frank , Burke Mary C. , Casey Sheila , Doyle Marguerite , Gibney David , Mason Fergus , Molony David , Ormond Deirdre , O’ Sé Colm , O’Shea Conor , Treacy Eileen P. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
‘Slaintecare’ aims to address complex patient care needs in an integrated fashion with an emphasis on patient-centred, patient-empowered community care.Currently there is a lack of knowledge of the impact of rare disease management in primary care and of the information tools required by general practitioners to deliver integrated care for rare disease patients.

Aims
To complete a pilot survey to estimate the general practice clinical workload attributable to selected rare diseases and assess the use of relevant information sources.

Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional survey was carried out of general practice consultations (2013–2017) for patients with 22 commonly recognised rare diseases.

Results
Around 31 general practitioners from 10 Irish practices completed information on 171 patients with rare diseases over 3707 consultations. General practice-specific coding systems were inadequate for rare disease patient identification. Over 139 (81.3%) patients were adult, and 32 (18.7%) were children. Management of care was hospital and not primary care based in 63%. Those eligible for state-reimbursed care had a significantly higher median number of consultations (23 consultations, IQR = 13–37, or 5.8 consultations/year) than those who paid privately (10 consultations, IQR = 4–19, or 2.5 consultations/year) (p < 0.005).General practitioners had access to public information resources on rare diseases but few had knowledge of (35.5%), or had ever used (12.9%) Orphanet, the international rare disease information portal.

Conclusions
Both specific rare disease-specific coding and use of the relevant rare disease information sources are lacking in general practice in Ireland.
Light-curing effects in acrylic-type dental nanocomposites probed by annihilating positrons: the case of loosely monolith Dipol® restoratives
Authors: Shpotyuk Olha , Ingram Adam , Shpotyuk Oleh , Cebulski Jozef , Smolar Nina 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe possibility of application of positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy to commercially available dimethacrylate-based dental restorative composites Dipol® (Oksomat-AN Ltd, Ukraine) subjected to photopolymerization due to light curing is analyzed. The governing annihilation process in these composites is identified as mixed positron (e+)-positronium (Ps) trapping, where Ps decaying is caused entirely by input from free-volume holes in polymer matrix superimposed on free e+-trapping contribution from interfacial free-volume holes between filler nanoparticles and surrounded polymer matrix. Photopolymerization shrinkage is revealed through decrease in the average lifetime of annihilating positrons due to opposite changes in Ps-decaying and e+-trapping channels. The growing light-activated polymerization is characteristic of both intensities related to the second and third components in the unconstrained ×3-term decomposed PAL spectra, accompanied by decrease in the corresponding lifetimes. This process resulted in enhanced trapping rate in the defects and depressed fractional free-volume saturation with light curing. Light exposure causes smaller voids in composites owing to free-volume fragmentation in Ps- and e+-trapping sites. The microstructure scenario for these transformations includes photo-induced cross-linking of structural chains in the polymer matrix, followed by conversion of o-Ps traps in interfacial free-volume voids near agglomerated filler nanoparticles. A meaningful description of this process is developed on the basis of the semi-empirical model exploring the  ×3– ×2-coupling decomposition algorithm.
Sustainable Forest Management Beyond the Timber-Oriented Status Quo: Transitioning to Co-production of Timber and Non-wood Forest Products—a Global Perspective
Authors: Sheppard Jonathan P. , Chamberlain James , Agúndez Dolores , Bhattacharya Prodyut , Chirwa Paxie Wanangwa , Gontcharov Andrey , Sagona Willie Cliffie John , Shen Hai-long , Tadesse Wubalem , Mutke Sven 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewThis review provides perspectives and insights of forest researchers from four continents representing a range of geo-regions, with examples from diverse and dynamic use of forest products that are undervalued and often misrepresented. A comprehensive discussion of the subject provides special attention to property, tenancy, public goods and access rights to non-wood forest products (NWFP), seen as forest ecosystem services in a framework for forest management decisions. The overall purpose is to provide a logical argument for transitioning to sustainable management of forests for timber and NWFP.Recent FindingsMultifunctional ecosystem-based approaches are transforming our understanding of forests. The prevailing economic relevance of NWFP for trade and sustenance requires their operative integration into forest management. Integration of NWFP will shift a traditional timber-oriented management paradigm towards an inclusive ecosystem forest management approach. We show that the impact of NWFP resources on livelihoods provides multiple benefits to all sectors of global society. Policy and property rights affect the availability and sustainability of the resource, while regulations, restrictions and prohibitions target the sustainable harvest of NWFP under growing demand. Official reporting of production volumes of NWFP is sparse, erratic or inaccurate due to a complex system that is opaque and with inadequately understood value chains, yet research is underway to better understand all NWFP sectors.SummaryA shift from command-and-control forest management to broader governance schemes is observed, yet despite a growing awareness of their importance, NWFP and their potential for a bio-based economy require more research. A conceptual framework for transitioning to sustainable co-production management of timber and NWFP is presented. Such a transition is needed to ensure long-term forest security, health and resilience.
The Role of Nonstructural Carbohydrates Storage in Forest Resilience under Climate Change
Authors: Piper Frida I. , Paula Susana 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) promote tree survival when photosynthesis is impeded by factors whose impact is expected to increase under climate change, like droughts, herbivory, and fires. Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether NSC are depleted under natural conditions and if they mediate tree recovery. To determine if there is a general pattern of NSC variation, we reviewed the recent (2008–2018) literature reporting NSC changes in response to droughts, insect herbivory, and fires, in woody species under natural conditions.

Recent Findings
We found 25 cases in 16 studies examining NSC dynamics post-drought, most of them conducted in species of Pinaceae or Fagaceae in Mediterranean Europe. Drought-affected trees had lower NSC, starch, and sugars concentrations than unaffected counterparts, although these results were entirely driven by roots and trunks of Pinaceae. We found only six studies examining NSC responses to herbivory, which indicate both increases and decreases in NSC concentrations inconsistently related to changes in growth or survival. Fire led to consistent decreases in NSC that mediated a successfully regrowth in absence of drought.

Summary
NSC decrease related equivocally to the occurrence of drought, fire, and herbivory and also to post-disturbance recovery, indicating no clear pattern of decreasing forest resilience under current climate change. An exception seems to be Pinaceae, which showed decreased NSC and performance in response to drought or herbivory. We suggest that a more water conservative strategy and smaller NSC pools in gymnosperms relative to angiosperms underlie these results.
Non-Contrast CT and CT-Angiogram for Late Window Ischemic Stroke Treatment Selection
Authors: Beaulieu Marie-Claude , Nehme Ahmad , Fortin Francis , Karkri Fatine , Daneault Nicole , Deschaintre Yan , Gioia Laura C. , Jacquin Grégory , Poppe Alexandre Y. , Stapf Christian , Odier Céline 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT:Introduction:The benefit of late window endovascular treatment (EVT) for anterior circulation ischemic stroke has been demonstrated using perfusion-based neuroimaging. We evaluated whether non-contrast CT (NCCT) and CT-angiogram (CTA) alone can select late-presenting patients for EVT.Methods:We performed a retrospective comparison of all patients undergoing EVT at a single comprehensive stroke center from January 2016 to April 2017. Patients planned for EVT were divided into early (<6 hours from onset) and late (≥6 hours from onset or last time seen normal) window groups. Incidence of symptomatic hemorrhagic transformations (sHTs) at 24 hours and 3-month modified Rankin scores (mRSs) were compared.Results:During the study period, 204 (82%) patients underwent EVT in the early and 44 (18%) in the late window. Median (interquartile range) NIH Stroke Scale Score was similar between groups (early: 18 [15–23] vs. late: 17 [13–21]), as were median ASPECT scores (early: 9 [8–10] vs. late: 9 [7–9]). In the late window, 42 (95%) strokes were of unknown onset. Similar proportions of sHT occurred at 24 hours (early: 12 [6%] vs. late: 4 [9%], p = 0.43). At 3 months, the proportion of patients achieving functional independence (mRS 0–2) were comparable in the early (80/192 [42%]) and late (16/41 [39%]) windows (p = 0.76).Conclusion:NCCT- and CTA-based patient selection led to similar functional independence outcomes and low proportions of sHT in the early and late windows. In centers without access to perfusion-based neuroimaging, this pragmatic approach could be safe, particularly for strokes of unknown onset.
Use of Simulated Patients in Disaster Medicine Training: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ingrassia Pier Luigi , Pigozzi Luca , Bono Mattia , Ragazzoni Luca , Della Corte Francesco 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTSimulation is an effective teaching tool in disaster medicine education, and the use of simulated patients (SPs) is a frequently adopted technique. Throughout this article, we critically analyzed the use and the preparation of SPs in the context of simulation in disaster medicine. A systematic review of English, French, and Italian language articles was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar. Studies were included if reporting the use of SPs in disaster medicine training. Exclusion criteria included abstracts, citations, theses, articles not dealing with disaster medicine, and articles not using human actors in simulation. Eighteen papers were examined. All the studies were conducted in Western countries. Case reports represent 50% of references. Only in 44.4% of articles, the beneficiaries of simulations were students, while in most of cases were professionals. In 61.1% of studies SPs were moulaged, and in 72.2%, a method to simulate victim symptoms was adopted. Ten papers included a previous training for SPs and their involvement in the participants’ assessment at the end of the simulation. Finally, this systematic review revealed that there is still a lack of uniformity about the use of SPs in the disaster medicine simulations.
Assessment of Epidemiological Implications Due to Serial Tropical Cyclones in India: Introspecting the Recent Sanitation Interventions
Authors: Giribabu Dandabathula , Muvva Venkata Ramana , Joshi Nitin Kumar , Rao Srinivasa S. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTObjectives:The Indian subcontinent is prone to tropical cyclones that used to originate in the North Indian Ocean. Through this study, an inventory of disease outbreaks for the tropical cyclone-affected regions from 2010 to 2018 has been compiled. This inventory is used to assess the success of recent sanitation intervention, Swachh Bharat Mission, also known as the Clean India Mission.Methods:Meteorological parameters from the Indian satellites were used to demarcate the cyclone-affected area. Disease outbreaks and epidemics during the tropical cyclones were compiled from the Integrated Disease Surveillance Program and other relevant sources. The inventory has been used to track the effect of recent sanitation interventions on disease outbreaks.Results:Districts in the eastern coast of India are frequently affected due to tropical cyclones that have originated from the North Indian Ocean. Infectious diseases like the acute diarrheal diseases, vector-borne diseases, viral fevers, enteric fevers, and food poisoning have recursively occurred during the cyclonic events and persisted up to 2 weeks from the cyclonic episode. The effectiveness of the Clean India Mission is evident during the recent cyclones, Ockhi, Titli, and Gaja, where a significantly lower number of infectious disease outbreaks were recorded.Conclusions:The Clean India Mission has exhibited positive results on the public health consequences associated with tropical cyclones.
Multi-Objective Optimisation of an Aerostatic Pad: Design of Position, Number and Diameter of the Supply Holes
Authors: Colombo F. , Della Santa F. , Pieraccini S. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a rectangular aerostatic bearing with multiple supply holes is optimised with a multiobjective optimisation approach. The design variables taken into account are the supply holes position, their number and diameter, the supply pressure, while the objective functions are the load capacity, the air consumption and the stiffness and damping coefficients. A genetic algorithm is applied in order to find the Pareto set of solutions. The novelty with respect to other optimisations which can be found in literature is that number and location of the supply holes is completely free and not associated to a pre-defined scheme. A vector x associated with the supply holes location is introduced in the design parameters and given in input to the optimizer.