bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrete antiderivatives for functions over $$\mathop {{\mathbb {F}}}_p^n$$
Authors: Sălăgean Ana 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the design of cryptographic functions, the properties of their discrete derivatives have to be carefully considered, as many cryptographic attacks exploit these properties. One can therefore attempt to first construct derivatives with the desired properties and then recover the function itself. Recently Suder developed an algorithm for reconstructing a function (also called antiderivative) over the finite field $$\mathop {{\mathbb {F}}}_{2^n}$$F2n given its discrete derivatives in up to n linearly independent directions. Pasalic et al. also presented an algorithm for determining a function over $$\mathop {{\mathbb {F}}}_{p^n}$$Fpn given one of its derivatives. Both algorithms involve solving a $$p^n \times p^n$$pn×pn system of linear equations; the functions are represented as univariate polynomials over $$\mathop {{\mathbb {F}}}_{p^n}$$Fpn. We show that this apparently high computational complexity is not intrinsic to the problem, but rather a consequence of the representation used. We describe a simpler algorithm, with quasilinear complexity, provided we work with a different representation of the functions. Namely they are polynomials in n variables over $$\mathop {{\mathbb {F}}}_{p}$$Fp in algebraic normal form (for $$p>2$$p>2, additionally, we need to use the falling factorial polynomial basis) and the directions of the derivatives are the canonical basis of $$\mathop {{\mathbb {F}}}_{p}^n$$Fpn. Algorithms for other representations (the directions of the derivatives not being the canonical basis vectors or the univariate polynomials over $$\mathop {{\mathbb {F}}}_{p^n}$$Fpn mentioned above) can be obtained by combining our algorithm with converting between representations. However, the complexity of these conversions is, in the worst case, exponential. As an application, we develop a method for constructing new quadratic PN (Perfect Nonlinear) functions. We use an approach similar to the one of Suder, who used antiderivatives to give an alternative formulation of the methods of Weng et al. and Yu et al. for searching for new quadratic APN (Almost Perfect Nonlinear) functions.
Angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor—a breakthrough in chronic heart failure therapy: summary of subanalysis on PARADIGM-HF trial findings
Authors: Książczyk Marcin , Lelonek Małgorzata 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
It is over 4 years since the Prospective Comparison of angiotensin receptor/neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) with ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure (PARADIGM-HF) trial was published in New England Journal of Medicine. The PARADIGM-HF trial was the one that contributed to the official approval to use ARNI simultaneously with cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in patients who receive optimal medical treatment and still presented NYHA II-IV class symptoms according to the 2016 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. The aim of this article is to summarise current knowledge on the activity of ARNI in a selected group of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) based on a recent PARADIGM-HF subanalysis in the field of renal function in patients with and without chronic kidney disease, glycaemia control in patients with diabetes, ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death and health-related quality of life. This article includes also recently announced findings on the TRANSITION study which revealed that HFrEF therapy with ARNI might be safely initiated after an acute decompensated heart failure episode, including patients with heart failure de novo and ACEI/ARB naïve, both hospitalised or shortly after discharge, in contrary to the PARADIGM-HF trial, where patients had to be administered a stable dose of an ACEI/ARB equivalent to enalapril 10 mg a day for at least 4 weeks before the screening.
Factorial structure of the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders
Authors: Petkari Eleni , Giacco Domenico , Priebe Stefan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose
Subjective quality of life is a central patient-reported outcome in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. The Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life (MANSA) is an established and widely used instrument for its assessment. The present study is a secondary analysis of large schizophrenia studies and aims to establish the factorial structure of the MANSA with a rigorous two-step methodology.

Methods
A sample of 3120 patients was randomly split into two datasets; the first includes two thirds of the patients and serves as the calibration sample (N = 2071) and the second includes one third of them and serves as the validation sample (N = 1049). We performed an exploratory factor analysis with the calibration sample followed by a confirmatory factor analysis with the validation sample.

Results
Our results for both samples revealed a model with adequate fit comprising two factors. The first factor encompasses eight items measuring satisfaction with a variety of life and health-related aspects of quality of life, whereas the second consists of four items assessing satisfaction with living environment comprising living alone or with others, accommodation, family, and safety. These two factors correlate in a different way with socio-demographic characteristics such as age and living conditions.

Conclusions
Future trials and service evaluation projects using the MANSA to measure quality of life should take into account that satisfaction with living environment may be distinct from satisfaction with other life and health-related aspects of quality of life.
Morphotectonic Evolution of the Siwalik Hills between the Yamuna and the Markanda River Exits, NW Himalaya
Authors: Sharma Mahak , Divyadarshini Ananya , Singh Vimal 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The Main Frontal Thrust (MFT) marks the present day active deformation front of the Himalaya and separates it from the Indo- Gangetic plains. The dynamic growth of the outermost Siwalik hills due to thrusting along the MFT has a direct influence on the drainages which collectively control the landform evolution of the region. In this study, the Siwalik hills (called as the Dhanaura range in the study area) between the Markanda and the Yamuna river exits in the NW Himalaya is investigated for its morphotectonic evolution using geomorphic indices, longitudinal river profiles, and topographic profiles.
The results suggest presence of at least four structures that have merged to form the Dhanaura range. The first expression of the Siwalik hills was marked by the uplift of the surface due to a blind thrust in the northwestern part of the study area, followed by the growth of the Pataliyon anticline along a northeastern segment. The growth of the Dhanaura anticline occurred later by the merging of three MFT segments in the southern part of the study area. The Dhanaura anticline formed a barrier to the drainages arising from the initial northern topography, forcing them to get deflected. There also exists an unidentified structure to the north of the Dhanaura anticline as evident from the longitudinal river profiles, structural data, and drainage network of the area. Low mountain front sinuosity ratio, moderate hypsometric integral (HI) values and tilting of drainage basins in the study area suggest the structures are active.
Assessment of Domestic Water Use Pattern and Drinking Water Quality of Sikkim, North Eastern Himalaya, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shit Pravat Kumar , Bhunia Gouri Sankar , Bhattacharya Manojit , Patra Bidhan Chandra 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The present study focused on the pattern of domestic water consumption in Sikkim state of India along with the assessment of the hydro-chemical and hydrobiological characteristics of drinking water quality. The pattern of water consumption and socioeconomic status were acquired through questionnaires and interview of 98 households in three major towns of Sikkim e.g. Gangtok, Ravangla and Pelling. Results showed that the hydro-chemical parameters of drinking water were less than maximum permissible limit as prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., Salmonella sp., Staphylococcus spp. and P. aeruginosa were detected in 80.2, 47.5, 49.8, 55.2 and 75 percent of the drinking water samples respectively. However, a careful household survey reveals that about 43% of respondents suffered from water-borne diseases during the monsoon period. For this reason 60% of people prefer boiling or detoxify the water before drinking.
Prioritization of Sub-Watersheds for Soil and Water Conservation in Parts of Narmada River through Morphometric Analysis Using Remote Sensing and GIS
Authors: Ahirwar Rakesh , Malik Mohammad Subzar , Shukla Jai Prakash 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
GIS-based prioritization of sub-watersheds of Hoshangabad and Budhni industrial area, Madhya Pradesh, India were carried out to describe the importance of morphometric parameters in the field of water and soil conservation. In the study, four subwatersheds were prioritized through geomorphologic analysis for soil and water conservation. Topographic maps 55 F/9, 55 F/10 and 55 F/13 on scale 1:50,000 were used to evaluate the drainage characteristics of watershed. SRTM DEM data has been processed for slope analysis and delineation of sub-watersheds. LISS-III, IRS data was processed for land use/ land cover analysis. Soil map has been generated by processing of NBSS & LUP soil map. The various morphometric parameters evaluated in each sub-watershed includes drainage network, drainage geometry and texture analysis and relief parameters in ArcGIS. Each sub-watershed has been prioritized by assigning ranks using compound parameter. After prioritization, land use, soil type and slope classes of each subwatershed were integrated to propose suitable soil and water conservation structures at appropriate places. It has been suggested that the proposed soil and water conservation structures must be executed on priority basis to reduce the adverse effect on the land and environment. The study shows that classification and prioritization of sub-watersheds are very relevant, supportive and useful in the watershed, where there is high diversity in agricultural practices, soil texture and land cover. Thus, priority wise execution of the proposed soil and water conservation structures will not only reduce the soil erosion but also increase the surface and groundwater availability in the area. Therefore, prioritization of these sub-watersheds is found very helpful for soil conservation and management of groundwater in the watershed.
Quantitative Study of Trace Elements in Coal and Coal Related Ashes using PIXE
Authors: Srikanth S. , Raju G.J. Naga 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Trace element analysis of feed coal, fly ash and bottom ash samples acquired from NTPC, Visakhapatnam was done by Particle Induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method. Sixteen inorganic elements K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, and Pb were quantified. The enrichment and partition ratios were determined to understand the distribution and behavior of trace elements in coal and its residues. Enrichment factor for trace elements in ashes with respect to the concentration of Fe normalized relative to the earth’s continental crustal values was calculated to understand the effect of these elements on the environment. It was expected that the results of the present study may be useful in determining the coal combustion residue recovery potential and also help in reducing their potential impact on eco systems.
The Brain Health Champion study: Health coaching changes behaviors in patients with cognitive impairment
Authors: Schwartz Hope E.M. , Bay Camden P. , McFeeley Brittany M. , Krivanek Taylor J. , Daffner Kirk R. , Gale Seth A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionConverging evidence suggests that increasing healthy behaviors may slow or prevent cognitive decline.MethodsWe piloted a six‐month, randomized, controlled investigation of 40 patients with mild dementia, mild cognitive impairment, or subjective cognitive decline. The intervention consisted of weekly motivational interviewing phone calls and three visits with a “Brain Health Champion” health coach, who guided participants to achieve personalized goals. Changes in behavior were measured using validated questionnaires.ResultsCompared with the standard‐of‐care control group, Brain Health Champion participants had statistically significant and clinically meaningful increases in physical activity (Cohen's d = 1.37, P < .001), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Cohen's d = 0.87, P = .016), cognitive/social activity (Cohen's d = 1.09, P = .003), and quality of life (Cohen's d = 1.23, P < .001). The magnitude of behavior change strongly predicted improvement in quality of life.DiscussionOur results demonstrate the feasibility and potential efficacy of a health coaching approach in changing health behaviors in cognitively impaired and at‐risk patients.
A pilot study to implement and sustain the US PHS clinical practice guidelines for treating tobacco use and dependence in free clinics, a safety net care setting for the uninsured
Authors: Foley Kristie L. , Song Eunyoung Y , Pockey Jessica , Jones Cindy , Spangler John G. , Miller David , Davis Whitney D. , Sutfin Erin L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionUninsured patients are more likely than the general population to use tobacco and less likely to quit.AimsTo determine if the mode of delivering the PHS Guidelines influenced the effectiveness of smoking cessation among patients in a safety net setting.MethodsSix free clinics were randomly assigned to a training program delivered by an academic physician or community partner plus video support. A repeated cross-sectional survey of patients was conducted at three waves to assess effectiveness to promote quitting.ResultsTobacco use was triple the rate of the US population: 57.7% (Wave 1), 44.7% (Wave 2), and 48.9% (Wave 3). Patients were more likely to report receipt of at least one evidence-based strategy to promote quitting at Wave 2 (AOR = 2.33, 95% CI (1.18–4.58)). Patients treated in clinics trained by the community partner were significantly more likely to report receiving cessation assistance at Wave 2 (AOR 2.54, 95%CI 1.29–5.00) and the trend was similar, but not significant at Wave 3. Patients in the community partner-led arm were significantly less likely to report tobacco use at Wave 3 (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.35–0.99).ConclusionsImplementation of the PHS Guidelines in free clinics demonstrates preliminary efficacy, with delivery by community partners offering greater scalability.
Comparative politics and causal evaluation of structural reforms: the case of the UK national minimum wage introduction
Authors: König Thomas , Ropers Guido , Buchmann Anika 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn comparative studies, causal evaluations attempt to improve our understanding of the effectiveness of structural reforms by counterfactually inspecting post-treatment effects. Yet, even if comparative scholars find similar treatment and comparison units, the interpretation of the post-treatment trajectory is difficult as short-term estimates can be subject to strategic timing of reform implementation, while long-term effects are likely affected by further interventions. To illustrate these difficulties we apply the generalized synthetic control method to evaluate the introduction of a British national minimum wage. We find a short-term decreasing effect on youth unemployment that turns into an increasing effect over time. This suggests the presence of an upward biased selection effect from strategic timing. We also inspect two post-treatment interventions and find that they differ in their general and country-specific implications for the long-term trajectory.
A high-resolution sedimentary charcoal- and geochemistry-based reconstruction of late Holocene fire regimes in the páramo of Chirripό National Park, Costa Rica
Authors: Wu Jiaying , Porinchu David F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMultiproxy analysis of two sediment cores recovered from lagos Morrenas 3C and Ditkebi, located in the páramo of Costa Rica's Chirripó National Park, was undertaken to develop multidecadal-scale reconstructions of late Holocene fire regimes for the region. Analysis of macroscopic charcoal and sediment geochemistry (C%, N%, δ13C, δ15N, and C/N ratios) documents periodic burning of the páramo in Chirripó National Park during the past ~1700 yr. The charcoal records provide evidence of high fire frequency between AD ~560 and 720 and between AD ~980 and 1230. Severe fire episodes are reflected by a rapid increase in the flux of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) from the surrounding catchment because of the volatilization of páramo vegetation. Additionally, δ15N, which sharply increases following local fire events, captures postfire changes in nutrient loading and, likely, the decadal-scale rate of postfire recovery of páramo vegetation. The consistently high δ13C and C/N values observed between AD ~700 and 1100 suggest an expansion ofMuhlenbergia, a native C4grass growing near shore, suggesting that the interval between AD ~700 and 1100, broadly corresponding to the Terminal Classic Drought and Medieval Climate Anomaly, was characterized by a decrease in effective moisture and temperature.
LUCRETIUS’ USE OF THE NAME IPHIANASSA (DE RERVM NATVRA1.85)
Authors: Brown Robert 
Published: November 2019

The name Iphianassa occurs only once in Latin literature—in the proem toDe Rerum Natura(=DRN). Here Lucretius illustrates the evils of religion with a description of Iphianassa's sacrifice at Aulis (1.80–101):illud in his rebus uereor, ne forte rearisimpia te rationis inire elementa uiamqueindugredi sceleris. quod contra saepius illareligio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta.Aulide quo pacto Triuiai uirginis aramIphianassai turparunt sanguine foedeductores Danaum delecti, prima uirorum.cui simul infula uirgineos circumdata comptusex utraque pari malarum parte profusast,et maestum simul ante aras adstare parentemsensit et hunc propter ferrum celare ministrosaspectuque suo lacrimas effundere ciuis,muta metu terram genibus summissa petebat.nec miserae prodesse in tali tempore quibatquod patrio princeps donarat nomine regem.nam sublata uirum manibus tremibundaque ad arasdeductast, non ut sollemni more sacrorumperfecto posset claro comitari Hymenaeo,sed casta inceste nubendi tempore in ipsohostia concideret mactatu maesta parentis,exitus ut classi felix faustusque daretur.tantum religio potuit suadere malorum.It is clear that Lucretius treats the name Iphianassa as a synonym for Iphigenia. Homer (Il. 9.145, 9.287) and Sophocles (El. 157) mention a daughter of Agamemnon called Iphianassa, but in neither author is she the daughter who was sacrificed at Aulis (and in several versions rescued at the last moment by Artemis). The first known mention of this myth was in theCypria, where, according to the summary of Proclus, the daughter was called Iphigenia (Kinkel,EGF19; Bernabé,PEG1.41). Hesiod refers to it in theCatalogue of Women, where he calls the daughter Iphimede (Cat. fr. 23a.15–26 + b M-W). From the fifth centuryb.c.e., the extant sources, beginning with Pindar (Pyth. 11.22) and Aeschylus (Ag. 1526, 1555), call her Iphigenia. Why did Lucretius choose Iphianassa?
Corporate Innovation: Do Diverse Boards Help?
Authors: An Heng , Chen Carl R. , Wu Qun , Zhang Ting 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe find that corporate innovation is positively related to board diversity as measured by a multidimensional index. The benefit of board diversity is more pronounced for firms with more complex operations, more experienced boards, and stronger external governance, suggesting that diverse boards have superior advising capacity. We find evidence to suggest that firms with diverse boards engage in more exploratory innovations and develop new technology in unfamiliar areas. As a result, they create a larger number of both most-cited and uncited patents. Finally, of the six different aspects of board diversity, professional diversity matters the most for corporate innovation.
Persistent pedestrianism: urban walking in motor age America, 1920s–1960s
Authors: Norton Peter 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGeneralizations about ‘car culture’ in the United States, and about American's ‘love affair with the automobile’, have concealed persistent values and practices among millions of Americans that do not suit such stereotypes. Car culture and the car's attractions are not denied. American society, however, is a complex of numerous subcultures, including many that resented and resisted the automobile's growing priority during the twentieth century. Such groups’ resistance to automobile domination has been neglected. Persistent advocacy for pedestrians’ interests is illustrated through numerous examples from the 1920s to the 1960s, the decades when ‘car culture’ rose to its apogee.
A posteriori dietary patterns and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Khorshidi Masoud , Djafarian Kurosh , Aghayei Elham , Shab-Bidar Sakineh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder which affects the gastrointestinal tract. Many factors, such as genetics, stress, and dietary patterns have been related to the risk of this disease. Adherence to a prudent/healthy dietary pattern, due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, help to reduce the risk of many chronic diseases such as IBD. The results from previous studies regarding the association between dietary patterns and risk of IBD, including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are inconsistent. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the potential relations between dietary patterns and risk of CD and UC. PubMed and Scopus were searched up to October 2017 for eligible studies. Random-effects or fixed-effects models were used to pool the estimated risks for the highest versus the lowest category of extracted dietary patterns. A total of six studies, including four case-control and two cohort studies with 1099 cases and 263112 controls/participants were included in the meta-analysis. A decreased risk of CD was seen for the highest compared with the lowest categories of healthy dietary pattern (OR/RR = 0.39, 95%CI = 0.16–0.62), while no significant association with western dietary pattern was observed (OR/RR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.51–1.04). Furthermore, no significant relationship was found between healthy (OR/RR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.04–1.18, random effects) and western/unhealthy (OR/RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.67–1.26) dietary patterns and risk of UC. The results of the current meta-analysis showed that a healthy dietary pattern is associated with a lower risk of CD. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.