bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Annulare With Tuberculosis and Cutis Laxa: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Wang Yi-Fei , Geng Yi , Xu Xiu-Lian 
Published: April 2020

Introduction:
Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign, noninfectious granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by an annular arrangement of erythematous small nodules and plaques, classically localized on dorsal surfaces of the hands and feet. GA shows palisading granulomas with a central zone of necrobiotic collagen and mucin deposition surrounded by a palisade of histiocytes.
Here, we reported a 24-year-old man with GA combined with tuberculosis and cutis laxa.

Case presentation:
A 24-year-old man was presented with skin annular lesions on the trunk and extremities without subjective symptoms for three years. The annular lesions first arose in the trunk that slowly progressed to most parts of the body and cutis laxa-like lesions appeared on the left inguinal region with inguinal hernia two years ago. At the same time, the patient was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis due to the hemoptysis for two years and the sputum culture for tuberculosis bacillus was positive. He was treated with triple anti-tuberculosis drugs regularly. Partial remission of the skin lesions was noted since then. Pathological examination showed similar histological changes in the interstitial pattern of GA.

Discussion:
Tuberculosis was a possible etiologic factor in GA because of the coincidental occurrence, granulomatous histologic features, and positive tuberculin skin tests. In fact, some cases of GA with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis responding to a specific anti-tuberculosis therapy were reported. It is worth noting that tuberculids, generalized exanthems in the skin of tuberculous patients possibly resulting from hypersensitivity reactions to the tubercle bacillus, may mimic GA. Furthermore, our patient also showed extremely characteristic slack skin in posterior lumbar and groin, which was deemed to be related to reduction and destruction of elastic fibers.

Conclusion:
Generalized interstitial GA with tuberculosis and cutis laxa is vary rare, which is worth being aware of the possibility of such a occurrence.
National Guidelines on Diagnosis and Treatment of Gonorrhea in China (2020)#
Authors: Wang Qian-Qiu , Zhang Rui-Li , Liu Quan-Zhong , Xu Jin-Hua , Su Xiao-Hong , Yin Yue-Ping , Qi Shu-Zhen , Xu Dong-Mei , Zhou Ping-Yu , Li Yu-Ye , Li Xiao-Fang , Wu Min-Zhi , Zou Xian-Biao , Yang Li-Gang , Chen Xiang-Sheng , Gong Xiang-Dong , Liang Guo-Jun , Jiang Juan , Cheng Hao , Ge Feng-Qin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Gonorrhea is one of the main sexually transmitted diseases in China. It mainly affects the genitourinary tract, and its clinical manifestations vary from asymptomatic to complicated types. The diagnosis of gonorrhea should be based on the patient's epidemiological history, clinical manifestations, and laboratory examination results. Treatment should be prompt and standardized and should involve the recommended treatment regimens. Patients should be appropriately followed up after treatment. The antimicrobial resistance of gonococcal isolates has become a severe problem of clinical concern. In order to provide technical guidance of the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhea for health care workers, the authors developed the guidelines based on the version of 2014, which will be of important in the standardizing medical care of gonorrhea, and further facilitating control and prevention of the disease.
Clinical Manifestations of Adult Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with Multisystem Involvement Successfully Treated Using Chemotherapy
Authors: Lin Nai-Yu , Tang Xu-Hua , Han Jian-De 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), the most common histiocytic disorder, characterized by the abnormal over production of histiocytes that tend to infiltrate single or multiple organ systems leading to significant tissue damage.
Here we report a case of an adult patient who was diagnosed with LCH presenting as multisystem involvement.

Case presentation:
We describe a 23-year-old man suffering from central diabetes insipidus, "hemorrhoids", progressive hearing loss and a surge in weight. Physical examination revealed lesion involvement of the skin and mucous membranes, including the perianal area, gingiva, and external auditory canal. He was diagnosed as LCH, who achieved remission following a chemotherapy regimen.

Discussion:
LCH is common in children, but it is not surprising to see it in adults. The clinical manifestations of LCH are highly variable and may involve multiple organs and systems. While, skin involvement is the most obvious symptom, and dermatologists should be familiar with it. Chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for multisystem or multifocal single system adult LCH.

Conclusion:
Characteristic features of LCH involving the perianal area was described in this case which helped the dermatologist to make quick judgments. We also emphasize that a global concept should be established confronting with a patient with multiple complaints.
Chinese Expert Proposal on the Diagnosis and Management of Pemphigus Vulgaris (2020)#
Authors: Zuo Ya-Gang , Li Li , Chen Jin-Bo , Chen Liu-Qing , Feng Su-Ying , Li Wei , Luo Xiao-Qun , Pan Meng , Wang Gang , Xiao Ting , Yang Bao-Qi , Zeng Kang , Zhang Gui-Ying , Jin Hong-Zhong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a life-threatening autoimmune bullous disease that causes blisters and erosions on the skin and mucous membranes to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of PV, Chinese experts in this field were invited to make recommendations which are presented in this article. Pemphigus vulgaris can be divided into cutaneous mucous type, cutaneous type and mucous mucous dominant type according to the different clinical manifestations. The pathological manifestations of PV are acantholysis above the basal layer. The diagnosis of PV and the assessment of the severity of the disease are made in accordance with the clinical manifestations, histopathological features, immunofluorescence assay results, and detection of pathogenic serum antibodies. The first-line treatment of PV comprises systemic glucocorticoids. Early combination with immunosuppressive agents or rituximab is recommended for moderate and severe PV. Intravenous immunoglobulin administration is recommended for patients being treated with rituximab. Plasma exchange and stem cell transplantation can be performed if necessary. During the course of therapy, the disease activity should be closely monitored, and actions should be taken to prevent adverse reactions.
Bringing accountability to the peak of the pandemic using linear response theory
Authors: Prakash Meher K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe peak of the daily new infections in COVID-19 remained qualitative in description and elusive in arrival. Because of the lack of clarity in what to expect from the peak, apart from the hope that one day the peak will be reached, there has been no metric to describe the success of the implemented strategies. We propose a way of predicting the number of infections that can be expected after a lockdown, assuming they come from the asymptomatic cases prior to the lockdown and using linear response theory. These predictions for several western countries faithfully follow the observed infections for several weeks after the lockdown, suggesting universalities in the recovery pattern of several countries. At the same time, the gap between the quantitative predictions of the recovery patterns for New York and Milan and the observations is striking. These gaps which arise even while emulating the recovery patterns of other western countries raise the possibility of an audit of the success of the implemented strategies, and the potential newer sources of infection.
Approaching Patient-Clinician Relationships Issues Involving Artificial Intelligence Using Ethics of Care and Nursing Ethics
Authors: Hossain Soaad Q. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWith the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and its application within industries, there is no doubt that someday AI will be one of the key players in medical diagnoses, assessments and treatments. With the involvement of AI in health care and medicine comes concerns pertaining to its application, more specifically its impact on both patients and medical professionals. To further expand on the discussion, using ethics of care, literature and a systematic review, we will address the impact of allowing AI to guide clinicians with medical procedures and decisions. We will then argue that the impact of allowing AI to guide clinicians with medical procedures and decisions can hinder patient-clinician relationships, concluding with a discussion on the future of patient care and how ethics of care can be used to investigate issues within AI in medicine.
Night Shift Work Increases the Risk of Asthma
Authors: Maidstone RJ , Turner J , Vetter C , Dashti HS , Saxena R , Scheer FAJL , Shea SA , Kyle SD , Lawlor DA , Loudon ASI , Blaikley JF , Rutter MK , Ray DW , Durrington HJ 
Published: April 2020

AbstractShift work causes misalignment between our internal clock and daily behavioural cycles and is associated with metabolic disorders and cancer. Here, we describe the relationship between shift work and prevalent asthma in >280,000 UK Biobank participants. Compared to day workers, ‘permanent’ night shift workers had a higher likelihood of moderate/severe asthma (odds ratio (OR) 1.36 (1.03-1.8)) and all asthma (OR 1.23 (1.03-1.46) after adjustment for known major confounders). The public health implications of this finding are far-reaching due to the high prevalence and co-occurrence of both asthma and shift work.
Early detection of superspreaders by mass group pool testing can mitigate COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gongalsky M.B. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryBackgroundMost of epidemiological models applied for COVID-19 do not consider heterogeneity in infectiousness and impact of superspreaders, despite the broad viral loading distributions amongst COVID-19 positive people (1 – 106 per mL). Also, mass group testing is not used regardless to existing shortage of tests. I propose new strategy for early detection of superspreaders with reasonable number of RT-PCR tests, which can dramatically mitigate development COVID-19 pandemic and even turn it endemic.MethodsI used stochastic social-epidemiological SEIAR model, where S-suspected, E-exposed, I-infectious, A-admitted (confirmed COVID-19 positive, who are admitted to hospital or completely isolated), R-recovered. The model was applied to real COVID-19 dynamics in London, Moscow and New York City.FindingsViral loading data measured by RT-PCR were fitted by broad log-normal distribution, which governed high importance of superspreaders. The proposed full scale model of a metropolis shows that top 10% spreaders (100+ higher viral loading than median infector) transmit 45% of new cases. Rapid isolation of superspreaders leads to 4-8 fold mitigation of pandemic depending on applied quarantine strength and amount of currently infected people. High viral loading allows efficient group “matrix” pool testing of population focused on detection of the superspreaders requiring remarkably small amount of tests.InterpretationThe model and new testing strategy may prevent thousand or millions COVID-19 deaths requiring just about 5000 daily RT-PCR test for big 12 million city such as Moscow. Though applied to COVID-19 pandemic the results are universal and can be used for other infectious heterogenous epidemics.FundingNo funding
Identification of Differentially Expressed Gene Modules in Heterogeneous Diseases
Authors: Zolotareva Olga , Khakabimamaghani Sahand , Isaeva Olga I. , Chervontseva Zoe , Savchik Alexey , Ester Martin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMotivationIdentification of differentially expressed genes is necessary for unraveling disease pathogenesis. This task is complicated by the fact that many diseases are heterogeneous at the molecular level and samples representing distinct disease subtypes may demonstrate different patterns of dysregulation. Biclustering methods are capable of identifying genes that follow a similar expression pattern only in a subset of samples and hence can consider disease heterogeneity. However, identifying biologically significant and reproducible sets of genes and samples remains challenging for the existing tools. Many recent studies have shown that the integration of gene expression and protein interaction data improves the robustness of prediction and classification and advances biomarker discovery.ResultsHere we present DESMOND, a new method for identification of Differentially ExpreSsed gene MOdules iN Diseases. DESMOND performs network-constrained biclustering on gene expression data and identifies gene modules — connected sets of genes up- or down-regulated in subsets of samples. We applied DESMOND on expression profiles of samples from two large breast cancer cohorts and have shown that the capability of DESMOND to incorporate protein interactions allows identifying the biologically meaningful gene and sample subsets and improves the reproducibility of the results.Availabilityhttps://github.com/ozolotareva/DESMONDContactozolotareva@techfak.uni-bielefeld.deSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available atBioinformaticsonline.
Endocrine signaling mediates asymmetric motor deficits after unilateral brain injury
Authors: Lukoyanov Nikolay , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Carvalho Liliana S. , Nosova Olga , Sarkisyan Daniil , Zhang Mengliang , Andersen Marlene Storm , Lukoyanova Elena A. , Galatenko Vladimir , Tonevitsky Alex , Bazov Igor , Iakovleva Tatiana , Schouenborg Jens , Bakalkin Georgy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA paradigm in neurology is that brain injury-induced motor deficits (e.g. hemiparesis and hemiplegia) arise due to aberrant activity of descending neural pathways. We discovered that a unilateral injury of the hindlimb sensorimotor cortex of rats with completely transected thoracic spinal cord produces hindlimb postural asymmetry with contralateral flexion, and asymmetric changes in nociceptive hindlimb withdrawal reflexes and gene expression patterns in lumbar spinal cord. The injury-induced postural effects were abolished by prior hypophysectomy and were mimicked by transfusion of serum from animals with unilateral brain injury. Antagonists of the opioid and vasopressin receptors blocked formation of hindlimb postural asymmetry suggesting that these neurohormones mediate effects of brain injury on lateralized motor responses. Our data indicate that descending neural control of spinal circuits is complemented by a previously unknown humoral signaling from injured brain to the contra- and ipsilesional hindlimbs, and suggest the existence of a body side-specific neuroendocrine regulation in bilaterally symmetric animals.
The First Month Spread of COVID-19 in Madagascar
Authors: Narison Stephan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUsing the officially published data and aware of the unclear source and inaccurate number of samples, we present a first and (for the moment) unique attempt to study the spread of the pandemic COVID-19 in Madagascar. The approach has been tested by predicting the number of contaminated persons until 20 days after fitting the inputs data collected within 15 days using standard least χ2-fit method. Encouraged by this first test, we add the new data collected within 30 days and give prevision until 33 days. The present data show an approximate linear increase of about (4-5) infected persons per day while the analysis signals an eventual near future stronger growth. These results may also be interpreted as the lowest values of the real cases due to the insufficient number of samples (about 2200 for 20 millions of population). A comparison with some other approaches is done. Some social, economical and political impacts of COVID-19 and confinement for Madagascar and Worldwide are shortly discussed.
Intention to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial and to get vaccinated against COVID-19 in France during the pandemic
Authors: Detoc Maëlle , Bruel Sébastien , Frappe Paul , Botelho-Nevers Elisabeth , Gagneux-Brunon Amandine 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe world is facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Development of vaccine is challenging.AimTo determine the proportion of people who intend to get vaccinated against COVID-19 in France or to participate in a vaccine clinical trial.MethodsWe conducted an anonymous on-line survey from the 26th of March to the 20th of April 2020. Primary endpoints were the intention to get vaccinated against COVID-19 if a vaccine was available or participate in a vaccine clinical trial.ResultsThree thousand two hundred and fifty nine individuals answered the survey; women accounted for 67.4 % of the responders, 670 (20.6 %) were under 30 years of age, 1,502 (46.1 %) between 30-49 years, 803 (24.6 %) between 50-64 years, 271 (8.3%) between 65-80 years, 13 (0.4%) over 80 years of age. According to their statements, 2.512 participants (77.6%, 95 % CI 76.2-79 %) will certainly or probably agree to get vaccinated against COVID-19. Older age, male gender, fear about COVID-19, being healthcare workers and individual perceived risk were associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance Vaccine hesitancy was associated with a decrease in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. One thousand and five hundred and fifty responders (47.6 % 95 % CI 45.9-49.3 %) will certainly or probably agree to participate in a COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial.Conclusions and RelevanceNearly 75 % and 48 % of the survey responders were likely to accept vaccination or participation in a clinical trial against COVID-19. Vaccine hesitancy will be the major barrier to COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
Seed biopriming with P- and K-solubilizingEnterobacter hormaecheisp. improves the early vegetative growth and the P and K uptake of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seedling
Authors: Roslan Muhamad Aidilfitri Mohamad , Zulkifli Nurzulaikha Nadiah , Sobri Zulfazli M. , Zuan Ali Tan Kee , Cheak Sim Choon , Rahman Nor Aini Abdul 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLimited information is available that seed biopriming by plant growth-promoting bacteria such as those amongEnterobacterspp. play a prominent role to enhance vegetative growth of plants. Contrary toEnterobacter cloacae,Enterobacter hormaecheiis a less-studied counterpart despite its vast potential in plant growth-promotion mainly through the inorganic phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) solubilization abilities. To this end, 18 locally isolated bacterial pure cultures screened and three strains showed high P- and K-solubilizing capabilities. Light microscopy, biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that strains 15a1 and 40a were closely related toEnterobacter hormaecheiwhile strain 38 was closely related toEnterobacter cloacae(Accession number:MN294583;MN294585;MN294584). AllEnterobacterspp. shared common plant growth-promoting traits, namely N2fixators, indole-3-acetic acid producers and siderophore producers. Gibberellic acid was only produced by strain 38 and 40a, while exopolysaccharide formation was solely detected on agar containing colonies of strain 38. Underin vitrogermination assay of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seeds,Enterobacterspp. significantly improved overall germination parameters and vigor index (19.6%) of seedlings. The efficacy of root colonization ofEnterobacterspp. on the pre-treated seedling root tips was confirmed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The pot experiment of bioprimed seeds of okra seedling showed significant improvement of the plant growth (> 28%) which corresponded to the increase of P and K uptakes (> 89%) as compared to the uninoculated control plants. The leaf surface area and the SPAD chlorophyll index of bioprimed plants were increased up to 29% and 9% respectively. This report revealed that the under-explored species of P- and K-solubilizingEnterobacter hormaecheisp. with multiple plant beneficial traits hold as a good potential sustainable approach for enhancement of soil fertility and P and K uptakes of plants.
The identity and distribution ofBhavania annandaleiHora 1920 (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae), a hillstream loach endemic to the Western Ghats of India
Authors: Sundar Remya L. , Anoop V.K. , Sidharthan Arya , Dahanukar Neelesh , Raghavan Rajeev 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBhavania annandaleiHora 1920, is resurrected from the synonymy ofB. australis(Jerdon 1849) based on examination of freshly collected topotypic specimens. The two species can be distinguished by a combination of morphological, morphometric and meristic characters, and by genetic distance using mitochondrialcox1gene. The distribution ofB. annandaleiis restricted to the river systems draining the Agasthyamalai hills, below the Shencottah Gap in southern Western Ghats.
Integral methods for automatic quantification of fast-scan-cyclic-voltammetry detected neurotransmitters
Authors: Espín Leonardo X. , Asp Anders J. , Trevathan James K. , Ludwig Kip A. , Lujan J. Luis 
Published: April 2020

AbstractModern techniques for estimating basal levels of electroactive neurotransmitters rely on the measurement of oxidative charges. This requires time integration of oxidation currents at certain intervals. Unfortunately, the selection of integration intervals relies on ad-hoc visual identification of peaks on the oxidation currents, which introduces sources of error and precludes the development of automated procedures necessary for analysis and quantification of neurotransmitter levels in large data sets. In an effort to improve charge quantification techniques, here we present novel methods for automatic selection of integration boundaries. Our results show that these methods allow quantification of oxidation and reduction reactions, for multiple analytes, both in vitro and in vivo.
The impact of fire intensity on plant growth forms in high-altitude Andean grassland
Authors: Zomer Maya A. , Ramsay Paul M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFires in the páramo grasslands of the tropical northern Andes vary in intensity at the landscape scale. Fire suppression strategies, intended to conserve biodiversity and páramo ecosystem integrity and function, could lead to the accumulation of high fuel loads and ultimately fires of higher intensity. Yet the impact of fire intensity on páramos is not well studied or understood. 5½ years after a fire, we measured plant growth form composition, light transmission to the ground and soil temperature in plots representing very high, high, medium, and low fire intensities, plus a “control” that had been unburned for at least 40 years. We also assessedEspeletiarosette diameters, heights, population density, and mortality. The low intensity plot, with a closed canopy of vegetation and lower growth form diversity, contrasted with the very high intensity plot, with patchy vegetation cover and higher growth form diversity. The high intensity plot had shorterEspeletiaplants with smaller rosettes. Light transmission to the ground increased with fire intensity, as did soil temperatures. We demonstrate that the same fire can produce different microenvironmental conditions, plant communities, and population structures in different parts of the same fire event. In future, fire suppression could provoke more intense fires with consequences for ecosystem function and service provision. Since intensity is determined by a complex interaction of factors, we advocate a field programme of experimental fires for a better understanding of páramo fire ecology and to guide effective páramo conservation strategies.