bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Localization Method for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Using Side Wall Cameras and IMU Sensor
Authors: vedaei seyed shahim , wahid khan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Localizing the endoscopy capsule inside gastrointestinal (GI) system provides key information which leads to GI abnormality tracking and precision medical delivery. In this paper, we have proposed a new method to localize the capsule inside human GI track. We propose to equip the capsule with four side wall cameras and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), that consists of 9 Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) including a gyroscope, an accelerometer and a magnetometer to monitor the capsule’s orientation and direction of travel. The low resolution mono-chromatic cameras, installed along the wide wall, are responsible to measure the actual capsule movement, not the involuntary motion of the small intestine. Finally, a fusion algorithm is used to combine all data to derive the traveled path and plot the trajectory. Compared to other methods, the presented system is resistive to surrounding conditions, such as GI nonhomogeneous structure and involuntary small bowel movements. In addition, it does not require external antenna or arrays. Therefore, GI tracking can be achieved without disturbing patients’ daily activities.
Mid-wavelength Infrared Avalanche Photodetector with AlAsSb/GaSb Superlattice
Authors: Li Jiakai , Dehzangi Arash , Brown Gail , Razeghi Manijeh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This work demonstrates a mid-wavelength infrared separate absorption and multiplication avalanche photodiode (SAM-APD) with AlGaAsSb/GaSb multi-quantum well as the multiplication layer and InAsSb bulk material as the absorption layer. The InAsSb-based SAM-APD structure was grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The device exhibits a 100 % cut-off wavelength of ~5.3 µm at 150 K and ~5.6 µm at 200 K. At 150 K and 200 K, the responsivity of the SAM-APD reaches a peak value of 2.26 A/W and 3.84 A/W at 4.0 µm under -1.0 V applied bias, respectively. The SAM-APD device was designed to have electron dominated avalanching mechanism via the multi-quantum well structure as the avalanche architecture. A multiplication gain value of 29 at 200 K was achieved under −14.7 V bias voltage. The electron and hole impact ionization coefficients were calculated and compared. A carrier ionization ratio of ~0.097 was achieved at 200 K.
Solid-pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas: A 63-Case Analysis of Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Features and Risk Factors of Malignancy
Authors: Chen Hongchun , Huang Yuchen , Yang Ningning , Yang Ruxue , Yan Wentian , Zhang Shan , Yang Panpan , Li Nan , Feng Zhenzhong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background:Asolid-pseudopapillary neoplasm (SPN) of the pancreas, a rare tumor, has low malignant potential. However, some patients develop metastasis and recurrence after resection, with aggressive biological behaviors of SPNs. This study aimedtoexplorethefeatures andriskfactors associated withtheaggressivebiological behaviorsofSPNs.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological and long-term follow-up data of 63 patients with SPN diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College between January 2007 and February 2019.Results: The 63 patients presented with atypical clinical symptoms. The mean tumor size was 7.2 cm (range, 2.4–17 cm), and imaging features were solid and cystic or solid tumors with uneven density. Frequent and diffuse nuclear LEF1 expression (94.2%) was observed with LEF1 having a higher sensitivity and specificity. Overall survival significantly correlated with tumor size, Ki-67 index, and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).Conclusions: SPN is a rare low-grade malignancy with a specific pseudopapillary structure. LEF1 is an effective biomarker of SPNs. Although SPNs generally display indolent biological behavior, a large tumor size, high proliferation index and lymph node metastasis may be risk factors for the aggressive behavior and poor prognosis of anSPN.
Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Oral Mucositis in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation with Post-transplant Cyclophosphamide Treatment
Authors: Gong Susu , Xiao Hong , Ding Xiaofang , Yang Kaitai , Hu Jian , Xu Yajing , Fu Bin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) treatment has been increasingly used in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, its effects on the burden and severity of oral mucositis (OM) remain unclear. A total of 177 patients received allo-HSCT with PTCy treatment at Xiangya Hospital between 2015 and 2020. Among them, 140 patients whose OM was prospectively graded using the World Health Organization (WHO) oral toxicity scale were included in this retrospective study. The grafts were peripheral stem cells from matched (28/140, 20.0%) and mismatched (112/140, 80.0%) donors. Conditioning intensity was categorized as myeloablative conditioning (MAC; 82/140, 58.6%) or reduced intensity conditioning (RIC; 58/140, 41.4%). The overall incidence of any OM was high (116/140, 82.9%) but the incidence of severe OM was relatively low (40/140, 28.6%). The median duration of OM was 10 days (2–22 days post-transplantation) from day –2 to day +15 (median day +8). Earlier onset of OM was correlated with greater severity. Multivariate analysis showed that conditioning intensity (MAC vs RIC, odds ratio [OR] 6.128, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.319–16.198) and donor type (mismatched vs matched, OR 3.252, 95% CI 1.089–9.717) were associated with increased risk of severe OM. No significant implications of severe OM were observed on acute or chronic GVHD. Patients with severe OM had slightly worse overall survival, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.078). Therefore, severe OM does not appear to lead to a worse transplant outcome if an intensified oral care protocol is adopted.
Do Root Modules Still Exist after they Die?
Authors: Li Jihong , You Chengming , Zhang Li , Li Han , Tan Bo , Liu Yang , Wang Lixia , Liu Sining , Xu Zhenfeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The terminal branch orders of plant root systems are increasingly known as an ephemeral module. This concept is very crucial to recognize belowground processes. However, it is unknown if root modules still exist after they die? Methods: The decomposition patterns of the first five root orders were observed for 3 years using a branch-order classification, a litter-bag method and sequential sampling in a common subalpine tree species (Picea asperata) of southwestern China. Results: Two root modules were observed during the 3-year incubation. Among the first five branch orders, the first three order roots exhibited temporal patterns of mass loss, nutrients and stoichiometry distinct from their woody mother roots throughout the experimental period. This study, for the first time, reported the decomposition pattern of each individual root order and found a similar decomposition dynamic among ephemeral root branches in a forest tree species. Conclusions: Results from this study clearly suggest that root modules may also exist after death, while more data are needed for confirmation. The findings may further advance our understanding of architecture-associated functional heterogeneity in fine-root system and also improve our ability to predict belowground processes.
Potential Role of a Three-Gene Signature for Predicting Diagnosis in Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yao Yinhui , Zhao Jingyi , Zhou Xiaohui , Wang Ying 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveIncreasing evidence underscored that the expression of genes was associated with the development and progression of myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, We evaluated the diagnostic value of the feature genes in MI based on data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.MethodsWe used the data from the GEO database (GSE66360) to identify a set of significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MI and healthy control. Univariable logistic regression, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), SignalP 3.0 server and multivariable logistic regression were used to find the potential role of genes for predicting diagnosis in patients with MI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, area under the curve (AUC) and C-index were used to estimate the diagnostic value of genes in patients with MI. The validation for the association was conduct in another six independent data sets (GSE141512, GSE24519, GSE34198, GSE48060, GSE60993, and GSE109048). Then, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of genes in MI.ResultsA total of 44 DEGs were selected from GSE66360. Functional enrichment and KEGG analysis were performed to reveal the DEGs in some inflammation-related biological processes and pathways. A three-gene signature consisted of CCL20, IL1R2 and ITLN1, which could effectively distinguish patients in MI (AUC and C-index were the same value of 0.975). The three-gene signature was effectively validated in 7 independent cohorts, and diagnostic meta-analysis results of the three-gene signature showed that the pooled sensitivity, specificity and ROC curve AUC for MI were0.82 (95% CI: 0.68-0.90), 0.91 (95% CI: 0.81-0.96) and 0.94(95%CI, 0.91-0.96), respectively. ConclusionIt was magnificently suggest that the three-gene signature might potentially serve as novel candidate biomarkers for distinguishing MI from healthy control. Besides, more well-designed cohort studies need to be implemented to warrant the diagnostic value of three-gene signature in clinical purpose.
Validity of Using Mobile Phone Surveys to Evaluate Community Health Worker Program in Mali
Authors: Chen Xiaomeng , Mohan Diwakar , Maïga Abdoulaye , Frost Emily , Coulibaly Djeneba , Basil Luay , Gueye Birahim Yaguemar , Guindo Mariam Traore , Keita Assa Sidibé , Keita Haoua Dembelé , Marx Melissa A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAssessing implementation strength through face-to-face interviews in hard-to-reach and unstable regions presents many challenges. Mobile phone-based interviews have become an alternative, but the validity of these data from this approach for Implementation Strength Assessment evaluation has not been sufficiently studied yet. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of mobile phone-based health provider interviews to measure the implementation strength of an integrated community case management (iCCM) and family planning program in Mali.MethodsFrom July to August 2018, interviewers administered a structured questionnaire to community health workers (ASCs) implementing the iCCM and family planning program in six districts in Mali. Interviews were conducted, first by phone, then verified through in-person visits. Survey questions addressed background information, training, supervision, demand generation activities and supplies of essential drugs and contraceptive methods. Sensitivity and specificity of the phone responses were calculated using the in-person response as the gold standard. A threshold of 80% for sensitivity and specificity respectively was considered acceptable.ResultsOf 157 ASCs interviewed by phone, 115 (73.2%) were reached in-person. Most indicators (9/10 iCCM indicators, 6/6 family planning indicators) for training, supervision, and availability of supplies on the day of interview, and those related to patient utilization reached the 80% threshold for sensitivity, but few (2/10 iCCM indicators, 1/6 family planning indicators) reached 80% for specificity. In contrast, most indicators of supply stock-outs in the last 3 months reached the threshold for specificity (5/6 iCCM indicators, 3/3 family planning indicators) but few reached the threshold for sensitivity (1/6 iCCM indicators, 1/3 family planning indicators).ConclusionsThe validity of data collected by phone were adequate for indicators of training, supervision, and day-of-interview commodity availability. Phone-based surveys are useful as a low-cost option for data collection in the assessment of implementation strength on general activities in inaccessible and resource-limited regions with mobile network connectivity.
Prevalence and Incidence of Postpartum Depression among Chinese Women: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Qi Ling , Xiao Ao-Shuang , Wang Xin , Liu Yuan-Xia , Zhang Meng-Tian , Zhang Hong-Ling 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
PurposePostpartum Depression (PPD) is significant public health and clinical concern regarding to women of reproductive age. This study aims to examine the prevalence, incidence and persistence of at 1 and 6 months after delivery among Chinese women.MethodThis is a prospective cohort study in Wuhan, China. Participants were mothers recruited Wuhan Women and Children Medical Care Center, who gave singleton and live birth from January 2016 to September 2018. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess possible (scores of EPDS >9) and high-level (scores of EPDS >12) of depression at 1 and 6 months after delivery. Prevalence and incidence with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. ResultsWe included 1884 mothers. The prevalence of possible and high-level depression at 1 month were 37.7% and 15.2%, respectively; at 6 months were 32.6% and 13.1%, respectively. Both prevalence rates of possible and high depression were higher at 1 month than that at 6 month after delivery. The incidence rates of possible and high-level depression at 6 months were 11.8% and 7.2%, respectively. Of those with possible symptoms at 1month, 20.8% continued to have symptoms at 6 months. Higher EPDS scores at 1 month, employment during pregnancy and multiparas were risk factors for elevated EPDS scores at 6 months(P<0.05)..ConclusionData of incidences suggests that later-onset PPD after delivery. These results suggest that continuous postpartum monitoring maternal depression is helpful to identify high-risk groups as early as possible and reduce the incidence of PPD.
Longitudinal Study Based on a Safety Registry for Malaria Patients Treated With Artenimol-Piperaquine in Six European Countries
Authors: Vignier Nicolas , Bouchaud Olivier , Angheben Andrea , Bottieau Emmanuel , Calleri Guido , Salas-Coronas Joaquín , Martin Charlotte , Ramos José Manuel , Mechain Matthieu , Rapp Christophe , Nothdurft Hans-Dieter , Velasco Maria , Bardajì Azucena , Rojo-Marcos Gerardo , Visser Leo , Hatz Christophe , Bisoffi Zeno , Jelinek Tomas , Duparc Stephan , Bourhis Yann , Tommasini Silva , Iannucelli Maurizio , Bacchieri Antonella , Mattera Giovan Giuseppe , Pich Emilio Merlo , Behrens Ronald H. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEuropean travelers are exposed to imported malaria and may be affected by co-existing morbidities. In this context, the safety profile, especially cardiac issues, of artenimol (previously dihydroartemisinin)-piperaquine (APQ) Eurartesim® during treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria is not adequately described due to the lack of longitudinal studies in this population. The present study was conducted to partially fill this gap.MethodsParticipants were recruited through Health Care Provider’s Safety Registry in 15 centers across 6 European countries in the period 2013-2016. Adverse Events (AE) were collected, with a special focus on cardiovascular safety by including electrocardiogram QT intervals evaluated after correction with either Bazett’s (QTcB) or Fridericia’s (QTcF) methods, at baseline and after treatment. QTcB and/or QTcF prolongation were defined by a value > 450 ms for males and children and > 470 ms for females.ResultsAmong 294 participants, 30.3% were women, 13.7% of Caucasian origin, 13.5% were current smoker, 13.6% current alcohol consumer and 42.2% declared at least one illness history. The mean (SD) age and body mass index were 39.8 years old (13.2) and 25.9 kg/m² (4.7).Among them, 75 reported a total of 129 AE (27 serious), 46 being suspected to be related to APQ (11 serious) and mostly labelled as due to haematological, gastrointestinal, or infection.. Women and Non-African participants had significantly (p<0.05) more AEs.Among AEs, 21 were due to cardiotoxicity (7.1%), mostly QT prolongation, while 6 were due to neurotoxicity (2.0%), mostly dizziness. Using QTcF correction, QT prolongation was observed in 17/143 participants (11.9%), only 2 of them reporting QTcF>500 ms but no clinical symptoms. Using QTcB correction increases of > 60 ms were present in 9 participants (6.3%). A trend towards increased prolongation was observed in those over 65 years of age but only a few subjects were in this group. No new safety signal was reported.The overall efficacy rate was 255/257 (99.2%).ConclusionsAPQ appears as an effective and well tolerated drug for treatment of malaria in patients recruited in European countries. AEs and QT prolongation were in the range of those obtained in larger cohorts from endemic countries.(This study has been registered in EU Post-Authorization Studies Register as EUPAS6942)
Nutritional Quality Improvement Of Soybean Meal By Bacillus Velezensis And Lactobacillus Plantarum During Two-Stage Solid- State Fermentation
Authors: Chen Long , Zhao Zijian , Yu Wei , Zheng Lin , Li Lijia , Gu Wei , Xu Haiyan , Wei Bingdong , Yan Xiaogang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Bacillus velezensis is widely used for agricultural biocontrol, due to its ability to enhance plant growth while suppressing the growth of microbial pathogens. However, there are few reports on its application in fermented feed. Here, a two-stage solid-state fermentation process using Bacillus velezensis followed by Lactobacillus plantarum was developed to degrade antinutritional factors (ANFs) and improve soybean meal (SBM) nutrition for animal feed. The process was evaluated for performance in degrading SBM antinutritional factors, dynamic changes in physicochemical characteristics, microorganisms and metabolites. After two-stage fermentation, degradation rates of glycinin and β-conglycinin contents reached 78.60% and 72.89%, respectively. The pH of fermented SBM (FSBM) decreased to 4.78±0.04 and lactic acid content reached 183.38±4.86 mmol/kg. NSP-degrading enzymes (Non-starch polysaccharide, NSPases) and protease were detected from the fermented product, which caused the changed microstructure of SBM. Compared to uninoculated SBM, FSBM exhibited increased proportions of crude protein (51.97±0.44% vs. 47.28±0.34%), Ca, total phosphorus (P), and trichloroacetic acid-soluble protein (11.79±0.13% vs. 5.07±0.06%). Additionally, cellulose and hemicellulose proportions declined by 22.10% and 39.15%, respectively. Total amino acid content increased by 5.05%，while the difference of AA content between the 24h, 48 h and 72 h of fermentation was not significant (P＞0.05). Furthermore, FSBM also showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These results demonstrated that two-stage SBM fermentation process based on Bacillus velezensis 157 and Lactobacillus plantarum BLCC2-0015 is an effective approach to reduce ANFs content and improve the quality of SBM feed.
Biocompatible Nanoparticles as a Platform for Enhancing Antitumor Efficacy of Cisplatin-Tetradrine Combination
Authors: Liu Fangcen , Wang Xinyue , Liu Qin , Zhang Huan , Xie Li , Wang Qin , Li Lin , Li Rutian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Combination therapy has been a standard strategy in the clinical tumor treatment. We have demonstrated that combination of Tetradrine (Tet) and Cisplatin (CDDP) presented a marked synergistic anticancer activity, but inevitable side effects limit their therapeutic concentration. Considering the different physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of the two drugs, we loaded them into a nanovehicle together by the improved double emulsion method. The nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared from the mixture of poly(ethyleneglycol)-polycaprolactone (PEG-PCL) and polycarprolactone (HO-PCL), so CDDP and Tet can be located into the NPs simultaneously, resulting in low interfering effect and high stability. Images from fluorescence microscope revealed the cellular uptake of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic agents delivered by the NPs. In vitro studies on different tumor cell lines and tumor tissue revealed increased tumor inhibition and apoptosis rates. As to the in vivo studies, superior antitumor efficacy and reduced side effects were observed in the NPs group. Furthermore, 18 FDG-PET/CT imaging demonstrated that NPs reduced metabolic activities of tumors more prominently. Our results suggest that PEG-PCL block copolymeric NPs could be a promising carrier for combined chemotherapy with solid efficacy and minor side effects.
Influence of Ultrasonic Surface Rolling Process and Shot Peening on Fretting Fatigue Performance of Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Wang Ning , Zhu Jin long , Liu Bai , Zhang Xiancheng , Zhang Jiamin , Tu Shantung 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The shot-peening (SP) and ultrasonic surface rolling process (USRP) were performed on Ti–6Al-4V plate specimens. The surface hardness and residual stresses of the material were tested by vickers indenter and X-ray diffraction residual stress analyzer. The effects of different surface strengthening on its fretting fatigue properties were verified by fretting fatigue experiments. It is shown (i) that the fretting fatigue life of Ti–6Al-4V effectively improved after USRP and SP and（ii）that the surface integrity of specimens after USRP is the best, which has deeper residual compressive stress layer and more refined grain. The fretting fatigue fracture surface and wear morphology of the samples were studied and analyzed by means of microscopic observation, and the mechanism of improving fretting fatigue life by surface strengthening process was further explained
Performance of Liver Stiffness Measurement from FibroScan was Affected by Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Yang Xinyu , Chang Xinxia , Wu Shengdi , Sun Xiaoyang , Zhu Xiaopeng , Wang Liu , Xu Yushan , Yao Xiuzhong , Rao Shengxiang , Hu Xiqi , Xia Mingfeng , Bian Hua , Yan Hong-Mei , Gao Xin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The performance of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) obtained using FibroScan can be affected by several factors and cut-off values were different for fibrosis caused by various etiologies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of LSM in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with abnormal glucose metabolism and investigate whether LSM value would be affected by metabolic indicators. Methods: The study involved 91 NAFLD patients with abnormal glucose metabolism who underwent liver biopsy. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, with the biopsy results taken as the gold standard. Multivariate linear regression and subgroup analysis were used to determine the correlated indicators.Results: The areas under ROC curves (AUROCs) of LSM values in diagnosing fibrosis stage≥1, 2, 3 and 4 were 0.793 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.695-0.871), 0.764 (95% CI: 0.663-0.846), 0.837 (95% CI: 0.744-0.906) and 0.902 (95% CI: 0.822-0.955), with cut-off values of 6.3, 7.6, 8.3 and 13.8 kPa, respectively. Multivariate linear regression demonstrated that HbA1c (β=0.200, p=0.038) and AST (β=0.200, p=0.044) were independently associated with LSM value after adjustment for fibrosis stage from liver biopsy. Subgroup analysis revealed that LSM values were slightly higher in patients with HbA1c ≥7% than those HbA1c <7%, and in patients with BMI ≥30kg/m2 than those BMI <30kg/m2.Conclusions: FibroScan was valuable for the evaluation of liver fibrosis in NAFLD patients with abnormal glucose metabolism. It was recommended for evaluating severe fibrosis, especially for excluding advanced fibrosis. Glucose metabolism state may affect LSM value.