bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DoS attacks detection in MQTT networks
Authors: Dikii Dmitrii , Arustamov Sergey , Grishentsev Aleksey 
Published: January 2021

<span>The paper considers the problem of protecting the Internet of things infrastructure against denial-of-service (DoS) attacks at the application level. The authors considered parameters that affect the network gateway workload: message frequency, payload size, number of recipients and some others. We proposed a modular structure of the attack detection tool presented by three classifiers that use the following attributes: username, device ID, and IP-address. The following types of classifiers have been the objects for the research: multilayer perceptron, random forest algorithm, and modifications of the support vector machine. Some scenarios for the behavior of network devices have been simulated. It was proved that for the proposed feature vector on simulated training and test data sets, the best results have been shown by a multilayer perceptron and a support vector machine with a radial basis function of the kernel and optimization with SMO algorithm. The authors also determined the conditions under which the selected classifiers have the best quality of recognizing abnormal and legitimate traffic in MQTT networks. </span>
Content based video retrieval using discrete cosine transform
Authors: Hamad Sumaya , Farhan Ahmeed Suliman , Khudhur Doaa Yaseen 
Published: January 2021

A content based video retrieval (CBVR)framework is built in this paper. One of the essential features of video retrieval process and CBVR is a color value. The discrete cosine transform (DCT) is used to extract a query video features to compare with the video features stored in our database. Average result of 0.6475 was obtained by using the DCT after implementing it to the database we created and collected, and on all categories. This technique was applied on our database of video, Check 100 database videos, 5 videos in each category.
القَدَر: دراسة في المقامة الأسديّة لبديع الزمان الهمذانيّ
Authors: رمضان هاني مصطفى 
Published: January 2021

Badīʿ al-Zamān al-Hamadhānī’s maqāmāt are very well known and of great interest to researchers, most of whom consider – according to the apparent meaning of the maqāmāt – that al-Hamadhānī’s attitude towards destiny is one of constant war and underestimation. This paper focuses on the maqāma known as “the maqāma of the lion” to interrogate al-Hamadhānī’s position on destiny. We suggest that this maqāma shows a different attitude towards destiny, and describe how in this case al-Hamadhānī asserts destiny’s control over everything in our lives.
Our paper is based on an internal analysis of this maqāma, focusing on its events and their characteristics in terms of time, place, and characters. Moreover, we analyze the language of the maqāma through its vocabulary, lexical field meanings, and contextual symbols in the context of our main thesis. We also explain our personal understanding of this maqāma as a part of al-Hamadhānī’s collection, and through observations on the two main characters. Finally, as many researchers have noticed a link between al-Hamadhānī’s maqāmāt and the Qur’ān, we compare “the maqāma of the lion” with the story of Prophet Joseph in the Qur’ān, as the two present a number of similarities.
Can Sex Improve Nasal Function?—An Exploration of the Link Between Sex and Nasal Function
Authors: Bulut Olcay Cem , Oladokun Dare , Lippert Burkard M. , Hohenberger Ralph 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the impact of sexual activity on nasal breathing and compare such effect to that of a nasal decongestant. Methods: We evaluated nasal breathing at 5 different times: (1) before sexual activity (baseline), (2) immediately after sexual activity, (3) 30 minutes, (4) 1 hour (5), and 3 hours after sexual climax. Same measurements were taken on the second day following application of nasal decongestant spray. For evaluation of nasal breathing, we used a visual analogue scale (VAS). Additionally, we used a portable rhinometric device to measure resistance and nasal flow. Results: Nasal breathing improved significantly after sexual intercourse with climax to the same degree as after application of nasal decongestant for up to 60 minutes, as measured subjectively with the VAS (sex −3.6, P < .001; spray −3.2, P < .001). This was confirmed in the objective rhinometric data as mean nasal flow (mL/s) increased while resistance decreased immediately (flow sex +214, P < .001; flow spray +235, P < .001), 30 (flow sex +249, P < .001; flow spray +287, P < .001), and 60 minutes (flow sex +180, P < .001; flow spray +287, P < .001) post-intervention. Nasal breathing was back to the baseline level after 3 hours following sexual intercourse, while it continued to be improved for longer after application of nasal decongestant. Only participants having nasal obstruction (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation score >30) showed nasal function improvement after sex. Conclusions: Sexual intercourse with climax can improve nasal breathing to the same degree as application of nasal decongestant for up to 60 minutes in patients having nasal obstruction.
Bronchoscopic diagnosis and treatment of endobronchial carcinoid: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Papaporfyriou Anastasia , Domayer Julian , Meilinger Michael , Firlinger Irene , Funk Georg-Christian , Setinek Ulrike , Kostikas Konstantinos , Valipour Arschang 
Published: January 2021

Carcinoid tumours are rare neuroendocrine neoplasms that mostly occur in younger adults with low tendencies to metastasise. Based on their histological characteristics, they are divided into typical and atypical subtypes. The most common presenting symptoms are due to central airway obstruction.The first step in the diagnostic assessment should be a computed tomography (CT) scan, as it provides information both for local tumour extent and lymph node involvement. Bronchoscopy is the main tool for histological confirmation, evaluation of bronchial wall invasion and removal of endobronchial manifestation with subsequent resolution of atelectasis. Endobronchial ultrasound may be necessary to rule out lymph node metastasis. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in combination with CT can rule out further metastatic disease.Surgical resection using parenchyma-sparing techniques remains the gold standard for treatment. For selected patients, endobronchial therapy could be an alternative for minimal invasiveness. Long-term follow-up is suggested due to the high likelihood of recurrence.Here, we describe our clinical experience in a 35-year-old male patient who originally presented with haemoptysis and a central polypoid tumour in the left main bronchus revealed by a CT scan. The histological characteristics were indicative of a typical carcinoid. The patient was treated using an endobronchial approach only. No complications and no recurrences have been observed in a follow-up of 2 years.
Interfacial Morphology and Bonding Mechanism of Explosive Weld Joints
Authors: Zhang Tingting , Wang Wenxian , Yan Zhifeng , Zhang Jie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInterfacial structure greatly affects the mechanical properties of laminated plates. However, the critical material properties that impact the interfacial morphology, appearance, and associated bonding mechanism of explosive welded plates are still unknown. In this paper, the same base plate (AZ31B alloy) and different flyer metals (aluminum alloy, copper, and stainless steel) were used to investigate interfacial morphology and structure. SEM and TEM results showed that typical sine wave, wave-like, and half-wave-like interfaces were found at the bonding interfaces of Al/Mg, Cu/Mg and SS/Mg clad plates, respectively. The different interfacial morphologies were mainly due to the differences in hardness and yield strength between the flyer and base metals. The results of the microstructural distribution at the bonding interface indicated metallurgical bonding, instead of the commonly believed solid-state bonding, in the explosive welded clad plate. In addition, the shear strength of the bonding interface of the explosive welded Al/Mg, Cu/Mg and SS/Mg clad plates can reach up to 201.2 MPa, 147.8 MPa, and 128.4 MPa, respectively. The proposed research provides the design basis for laminated composite metal plates fabrication by explosive welding technology.
Regulated Surface Morphology of Polyaniline/Polylactic Acid Composite Nanofibers via Various Inorganic Acids Doping for Enhancing Biocompatibility in Tissue Engineering
Authors: Liu Rongtao , Zhang Shiyang , Zhao Chen , Yang Dong , Cui Tingting , Liu Yidong , Min Yonggang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractConductive and degradable nanofibrous scaffolds have great potential in promoting cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation under an external electric field. Although the issue of inferior electrical conductivity in body fluids still exists, polyaniline (PANI)-based degradable nanofibers can promote cell adhesion, growth, and proliferation.
To investigate whether the effect is caused by the PANI morphology, we selected three inorganic acids as dopants in the process of PANI in situ oxidative polymerization: hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and perchloric acid. The obtained polyaniline/polylactic acid (PANI/PLA) composite nanofibers were characterized via SEM, FTIR, and XPS analysis, and we confirmed that the PLA nanofibers were successfully coated by PANI without any change to the porous structure of the PLA nanofibers. The in vitro mechanical properties and degradability indicated that the oxidation of acid dopants should be considered and that it was likely to have a higher oxidation degradation effect on PLA nanofibers. The contact angle test demonstrated that PANI/PLA composite nanofibers with different surface morphologies have good wettability, implying that they meet the requirements of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. The surface roughness and cell viability demonstrated that different PANI morphologies on the surface can promote cell proliferation. The higher the surface roughness of the PANI, the better the biocompatibility. Consequently, the regulated surface morphology of PANI/PLA composite nanofibers via different acids doping has positive effect on biocompatibility in tissue engineering.
Strain Investigation on Spin-Dependent Transport Properties of γ-Graphyne Nanoribbon Between Gold Electrodes
Authors: Li Yun , Li Xiaobo , Zhang Shidong , Cao Liemao , Ouyang Fangping , Long Mengqiu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStrain engineering has become one of the effective methods to tune the electronic structures of materials, which can be introduced into the molecular junction to induce some unique physical effects. The various γ-graphyne nanoribbons (γ-GYNRs) embedded between gold (Au) electrodes with strain controlling have been designed, involving the calculation of the spin-dependent transport properties by employing the density functional theory. Our calculated results exhibit that the presence of strain has a great effect on transport properties of molecular junctions, which can obviously enhance the coupling between the γ-GYNR and Au electrodes. We find that the current flowing through the strained nanojunction is larger than that of the unstrained one. What is more, the length and strained shape of the γ-GYNR serves as the important factors which affect the transport properties of molecular junctions. Simultaneously, the phenomenon of spin-splitting occurs after introducing strain into nanojunction, implying that strain engineering may be a new means to regulate the electron spin. Our work can provide theoretical basis for designing of high performance graphyne-based devices in the future.
Skyrmion Phase in MnSi Thin Films Grown on Sapphire by a Conventional Sputtering
Authors: Choi Won-Young , Bang Hyun-Woo , Chun Seung-Hyun , Lee Sunghun , Jung Myung-Hwa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTopologically protected chiral skyrmions are an intriguing spin texture that has attracted much attention because of fundamental research and future spintronic applications. MnSi with a non-centrosymmetric structure is a well-known material hosting a skyrmion phase. To date, the preparation of MnSi crystals has been investigated by using special instruments with an ultrahigh vacuum chamber. Here, we introduce a facile way to grow MnSi films on a sapphire substrate using a relatively low vacuum environment of conventional magnetron sputtering. Although the as-grown MnSi films have a polycrystalline nature, a stable skyrmion phase in a broad range of temperatures and magnetic fields is observed via magnetotransport properties including phenomenological scaling analysis of the Hall resistivity contribution. Our findings provide not only a general way to prepare the materials possessing skyrmion phases but also insight into further research to stimulate more degrees of freedom in our inquisitiveness.
OsMS188 Is a Key Regulator of Tapetum Development and Sporopollenin Synthesis in Rice
Authors: Han Yu , Zhou Si-Da , Fan Jiong-Jiong , Zhou Lei , Shi Qiang-Sheng , Zhang Yan-Fei , Liu Xing-Lu , Chen Xing , Zhu Jun , Yang Zhong-Nan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundDuring anther development, the tapetum provides essential nutrients and materials for pollen development. In rice, multiple transcription factors and enzymes essential for tapetum development and pollen wall formation have been cloned from male-sterile lines.ResultsIn this study, we obtained several lines in which the MYB transcription factorOsMS188was knocked out through the CRISPR-Cas9 approach. Theosms188lines exhibited a male-sterile phenotype with aberrant development and degeneration of tapetal cells, absence of the sexine layer and defective anther cuticles.CYP703A3,CYP704B2,OsPKS1,OsPKS2,DPWandABCG15are sporopollenin synthesis and transport-related genes in rice. Plants with mutations in these genes are male sterile, with a defective sexine layer and anther cuticle. Further biochemical assays demonstrated that OsMS188 binds directly to the promoters of these genes to regulate their expression.UDT1,OsTDF1,TDR,bHLH142andEAT1are upstream regulators of rice tapetum development. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and activation assays revealed that TDR directly regulatesOsMS188expression. Additionally, protein interaction assays indicated that TDR interacts with OsMS188 to regulate downstream gene expression.ConclusionOverall, OsMS188 is a key regulator of tapetum development and pollen wall formation. The gene regulatory network established in this work may facilitate future investigations of fertility regulation in rice and in other crop species.
A noninvasive model to predict liver histology for antiviral therapy decision in chronic hepatitis B with alanine aminotransferase < 2 upper limit of normal
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Huang Haijun , Huang Wei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
At present, most assessments of liver fibrosis staging mainly focus on non-invasive diagnostic methods. This study aims to construct a noninvasive model to predict liver histology for antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) < 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 577 patients with CHB who received liver biopsy and whose ALT was less than 2 ULN. Then they were randomly divided into a training group and a validation group. Through logistic regression analysis, a novel predictive model was constructed in the training group to predict significant changes in liver histology [necro-inflammatory activity grade (G) ≥ 2 or fibrosis stage (S) ≥ 2] and then validated in the validation group.

Results
If liver biopsy showed moderate or severe inflammation or significant fibrosis, antiviral treatment was recommended. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), anti-hepatitis B virus core antibody (anti-HBC) and glutamine transpeptidase (GGT) were identified as independent predictors for antiviral therapy, with area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.649, 0.647 and 0.616, respectively. Our novel model index, which combined AST, anti- HBC and GGT with AUROC of 0.700 and 0.742 in training set and validation set.

Conclusions
This study established a noninvasive model to predict liver histology for antiviral treatment decision in patients with CHB with ALT < 2 ULN, which can reduce the clinical needs of liver biopsy.
Transverse colonic volvulus due to mesenteric fibromatosis: a case report
Authors: Yoshida Akihiro , Uchima Yasutake , Hosaka Naoki , Minaga Kosuke , Kudo Masatoshi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Colonic volvulus, a condition in which a colonic segment partially twists around its base, is the third leading cause of large bowel obstruction after colonic neoplasms and diverticular disease. However, volvulus of the transverse colon is the rarest type of large intestinal volvulus. Moreover, the occurrence of transverse colonic volvulus secondary to a benign tumor originating from outside the intestine has never been reported. We hereby report a case of transverse colonic volvulus caused by mesenteric fibromatosis.

Case presentation
A 53-year-old female with a history of rheumatoid arthritis and thyroid tumor presented with abdominal pain for 1 day. Abdominal computed tomography revealed intestinal torsion at the hepatic flexure. Twisted and obstructed mucosa of the transverse colon was observed during colonoscopy, but no tumor invasion of the mucosal surface was detected. A solid mass of a mesenteric origin with involvement of the transverse colon was observed during surgery. The mass was diagnosed surgically as transverse colonic volvulus induced by a mesenteric tumor. Hence, the patient underwent a right hemicolectomy. Histopathological results indicated mesenteric desmoid-type fibromatosis. The postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient was discharged 8 days after surgery.

Conclusions
Although mesenteric fibromatosis is rare, this disease should be considered when managing transverse colonic volvulus resulting from nonmucosal tumors.
Clinical effect of minimally invasive surgery for inguinal cryptorchidism
Authors: Wang Yunjin , Chen Liu , Cui Xu , Zhou Chaoming , Zhou Qing , Zhang Zhengmian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of minimally invasive surgery for inguinal cryptorchidism.MethodsThe patients were divided into the minimally invasive surgery group (n = 100) and the traditional surgery group (n = 58). In the minimally invasive surgery group, patients with low inguinal cryptorchidism (n = 54) underwent surgery with a transscrotal incision, and patients with high inguinal cryptorchidism (n = 46) underwent laparoscopic surgery.ResultsThere was no difference in the hospital stay duration or cost between the minimally invasive surgery group and the traditional surgery group (P > 0.05). As for the operative time, minimally invasive surgery of low inguinal cryptorchidism was shorter than traditional surgery (P = 0.033), while minimally invasive surgery of high inguinal cryptorchidism was comparable to traditional surgery (P = 0.658). Additionally, there were no cases of testicular atrophy, testicular retraction, inguinal hernia or hydrocele in either group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of poor wound healing between the two groups (P > 0.05). Although there was no significant difference in the incidence of scrotal hematoma between the two groups (P > 0.05), the incidence in the minimally invasive surgery group was higher than that in the traditional surgery group.ConclusionsMinimally invasive surgery including a transscrotal incision for low inguinal cryptorchidism and laparoscopic surgery for high inguinal cryptorchidism is as safe and effective as traditional surgery, and could also provide a good cosmetic effect for children.
A randomised controlled trial of expressive arts-based intervention for young stroke survivors
Authors: Chan Caitlin Kar Pui , Lo Temmy Lee Ting , Wan Adrian Ho Yin , Leung Pamela Pui Yu , Pang Marco Yiu Chung , Ho Rainbow Tin Hung 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Stroke causes lasting brain damage that has numerous impacts on the survivor’s physical, psychosocial, and spiritual well-being. Young survivors (< 65 years old) tend to suffer more because of their longer overall survival time. Expressive arts-based intervention is considered a holistic approach for stroke rehabilitation because it allows participants to express their thoughts and emotions through the arts. The group environment also promotes mutual support among participants. The creative art-making process helps expand participants’ creativity and imagination as well as promote a sense of aesthetic appreciation. Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of the arts-based intervention in managing stroke and its psychosocial-spiritual comorbidities. Nevertheless, a systematic study has not been conducted, including in young survivors. This trial plans to investigate the effectiveness of an expressive arts-based intervention on bio-psychosocial-spiritual outcomes in young Chinese stroke survivors.

Methods/design
A single-blind, two-arm cluster randomised control trial with a waitlist control design will be adopted. One hundred and fifty-four stroke survivors, aged 18–64 years with modified Rankin Scale scores of 1–4, will be screened and randomised to either an expressive arts-based intervention group or a treatment-as-usual waitlist control group. The intervention group will receive a 90-min session once a week for a total of 8 weeks. All participants will be assessed three times: at baseline, 8 weeks, and 8 months after the baseline. Study outcomes include measures of depression and anxiety, perceived stress, perceived social support, hope, spiritual well-being, quality of life, salivary cortisol, blood pressure, and heart rate.

Discussion
This study is expected to contribute to the current knowledge on the effectiveness of an arts-based intervention on the holistic wellness of young stroke survivors. The findings will help stroke survivors and healthcare professionals make better choices in selecting practices that will yield maximum benefits, satisfaction, adherence, and sustainability. In addition, the examination of the relationships between bio-psychosocial-spiritual variables will help contribute to the development of holistic care for the survivors.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03729648. Registered 31 October 2018 - Retrospectively registered, (329 words)