bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non Stationary Next Generation Measurement While Drilling Tools
Authors: ElGizawy Mahmoud , Lowdon Ross , Breen Michael , Brovko Katerina , Edmunds Michael , Bulychenkov Konstantin , Mussa Shadi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The drilled wellbore is surveyed while drilling at stationary interval when drilling operation stops to connect a new stand. A next generation measurement while drilling MWD tool is developed to take a definitive survey while drilling either rotating or sliding. This has never been possible before where the entire drilling operation had to stop to take surveys. This paper is presenting results of first runs in the region and the gained benefits in drilling cost and time savings.
The current practice is to hold the drill string stationary to take the survey and allow the direction and inclination sensors to survey the wellbore. The survey time varies from 3 minutes and up to 5 minutes for some MWD tools. Any movement to the drill string will compromise the measurements quality where surveys will fail field acceptance criteria and become invalid. A new technology is developed to allow taking continuous measurements from three magnetometers and three accelerometers to determine accurate inclination and azimuth during drilling the wellbore without a need to stop.
The encouraging results from different runs in the region are presented. Potential time and cost savings are quantified. Surveys are taken every stand approximately every 100 ft. An average 500 minutes (8.6 hours) are needed to take wellbore surveys when drilling 10,000 ft well. For the first time, the new next generation measurement while drilling wellbore surveying tool will save this invisible lost time spent to take the stationary surveys. It improves the average rate of penetration, directional control, allows to complete the well in shorter time and saves on drilling costs. The advantages of continuously taking surveys while drilling is further presented and compared the traditional stationary surveys with respect to the improved well placement.
For the first time in the drilling industry it is possible to take definitive MWD surveys while drill string is rotating and drilling on bottom. The surveying results are very encouraging and show the high potential to maximize the drilling performance while save the drilling time and cost.
The Untold Story of Abu Dhabi's Recovery Based Strategy
Authors: Al Kindi Arwa , Al Tandi Ahmed , Abdou Medhat , Xu Siqing , Kumar Heer , Zivanov Drago , Loobari Sultan , Al Mazrouei Nadia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Every market intelligence on energy these days converges on a unanimous view that despite the push on developing alternative energies, fossil fuel will continue to play a pivotal role in world energy supply. The competition between fossil fuel and alternative energies is a new reality. To maintain a competitive edge, sustainability and favorable economic returns shape the UAE's approach to future oil developments.
UAE oil production is analyzed to reflect the critical importance of production contribution to the world and within the MENA region. Two published international field development cases are analyzed, focusing on the impact of aggressive approach on production sustainability, potential challenges and costs in developing the remaining bypassed oil. By using typical Abu Dhabi reservoir field data, various development scenarios are simulated demonstrating potential impact on production sustainability, ultimate recovery and economical value for the country.
Today National Oil Companies (NOC's) have an advantage as they own and control more than 90% of the total world oil and gas reserves. In contrast, the top six largest International Oil Companies (IOC's) combined control less than 5% of the total. Clearly, IOC's will face challenges in reserves replacement. Although there are different factors affecting reserves replacement rate, one of the key to enhanced economic reserves position for IOC's is field depletion strategy.
An ideal field depletion strategy would see production at lower depletion rates to ensure efficient reservoir drainage for maximizing recovery. An aggressive field depletion strategy can potentially generate faster monetary returns through higher production, but may create by- passed oil that would be difficult and costly to extract. An optimal field depletion strategy ensures sustainable development, maximizes ultimate recovery, and generates highest value return for the country and all stakeholders. A careful approach is required while deciding between these two different approaches, as the decision can have long lasting implications on corporates economic reserve position and global energy supply landscape. For example, a small improvement in ultimate recovery of existing reservoirs worldwide would add to and sustain affordable supplies, but a small reduction can potentially lead to supply shortages hindering world economic growth.
This paper presents the untold story of Abu Dhabi's Recovery Based Strategy. The aim is to perform a detailed analysis and comparison between two different development approaches, namely Aggressive Approach aiming to generate quick monetary value through high production (high depletion rates), and optimal / moderate field depletion strategy prioritizing sustainable development, and high ultimate recovery for all stakeholders.
Development of a Smart Slickwater with Highproppant-Carrying Capability for Shale Reservoirs
Authors: Ke Xu , Yongjun Lu , Xin Wang , Yang Shi , Minje Xu , Xiaohui Qiu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The early shale gas mining in North America mainly used linear adhesive fracturing fluid, and later, with the deepening of the research and the requirements of component control, the slippery water fracturing fluid system was gradually used. Because of its low viscosity, slippery water can easily communicate micro-cracks and layered seams at different scales, forming a complex volume of network cracks.
Hydraulic fracturing technology has been widely used in oil and gas industry to increase production since 1947. Linear and crosslinked guars are the most commonly used fracturing fluid system. Concerns over damage to conductivity caused by viscous fluids in unconventional reservoirs, the industry has developed an alternative fracturing fluid called slickwater, which consists mainly of water and the low concentration of linear polymer. Slickwater has the characteristic of poor sand carrying capacity, and it is necessary to develop a smart slickwater to improve sand carrying capacity.
The paper introduces a new smart slickwater with high proppant- carrying capability for shale reservoirs. The fluid system consists of linear self-assembled agent, which can improve the viscosity of slickwater at low concentration and maintain a high drag reduction rate. The advantage of the smart slickwater is that only one chemical additive is used, and when the concentration is 0.05%, the drag reduction rate can reach more than 75%, and when the concentration is 0.2%, the proppant ratio can reach 30%, replacing the linear and crosslinked guars.
Laboratory experiments were conducted using the smart slickwater to display excellent static and dynamic sand carrying capacity. The smart slickwater is used in Changqing Oilfield(China), compared with the traditional slickwater, the product is less expensive to use, less water for fracturing, less types and dosage of chemicals required, less equipment needed.
The new smart slickwater with high proppant- carrying capability can change the existing structure of fracturing fluid system.
The use of Geosteering to Achieve the Drilling Targets in Multilateral Fishbone Wells in Russkoye Field
Authors: Abaltusov Nikolay , Sukhanov Aleksandr , Zaripov Emil , Orlov Dmitriy , Enikeev Ruslan , Pitsyura Evgeniy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of the work performed is to show the possibility of using geosteering not only for achieving geological targets but also for supporting directional drilling operations in multilateral wells.
Drilling of multilateral "fishbone" design well in complex terrigenous section of Pokur suite in Russkoye field is reviewed as an example.
Three kick-off operations with the use of Rotary Steerable System were carried out in an open hole when drilling a horizontal section of the well under review. The well logs of the previous hole were used for optimal selection of the kick-off point.
To control the distance to the reservoir boundaries a 3 layers parameter inversion (based on azimuthal resistivity data) was used in addition to density and porosity sensors.
As a result of the operations performed, the optimal conditions for kicking off with the Rotary Steerable System, were identified within the geological structure of Russkoye field.
Geosteering in real time was successfully used not only for solving geological issues, but for directional drilling as well: optimal kick-off depths were selected for laterals, the trajectory was followed according to the plan; the problems related to bit deflections when the laterals exit the main productive formation were avoided.
The geological targets were delivered as well: the length of the hole in the target formation totaled 98.9%.
Intra- and Inter-Facies Variability of Multi-Physics Data in Carbonates. New Insights from Database of ALBION R&D Project
Authors: Danquigny Charles , Massonnat Gérard , Mermoud Cédric , Rolando Jean-Paul 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In carbonates, the geological facies is a key driver for populating reservoir models with petrophysical properties. Conventionnal core analysis mainly contributes to establish relationships between facies, petrophysics and geophysics. However, populating gridblocks reservoir models with petrophysics requires parsimonious facies classifications and effective relationships at larger scales that field studies rarely investigate. Studying outcrop analogues helps filling the gap between lab measurements and effective upscaled properties of models, and considerably improves the modelling workflows.
The ALBION R&D project developed an innovative framework for multi-physics and multi-scales characterization of Barremian-Aptian carbonates from south-eastern France. These outcropping rudist-rich limestones constitute an analogue of Middle-East reservoirs. Petrophysical and geophysical properties were measured on plugs from cores and outcrops but also at larger scales thanks to original experiments on cores, in and between boreholes. Indeed the analogue includes several experimental areas, where hydraulic tests in sealed wells sections and tomographies between very close boreholes allowed investigating petrophysical and geophysical rock properties at intermediate decimetric to decametric scales. Thanks to the resulting database, this paper aims quantifying the variability of multi-physics data (e.g. porosity, permeability, and P-wave velocity) at different scales in regards of an updated and unified facies classification. The latter is only based on sedimentary origin and fabrics. Other available properties affecting petrophysics are used to cluster facies associations in sub-classes.
Consequently the facies classification does not allow discriminating the distributions of porosity, permeability, nor p-wave velocity. For the rudist facies, that is the most sampled, texture subclasses do not help this work. Reversely, the place of sampling, that is likely a proxy of diagenesis and age, cluster the petrophysical distributions. The results remind us that a proper facies definition should consider both sedimentary origin, fabrics, texture, diagenesis and tectonics. They also point out the relative importance of each characteristics in regards of the scale of interest and the difficulty to infer upscaled relationships between rock properties from CCAL because the representative elementary volume of carbonates is usually higher than the plug and even the core volumes.
Laboratory Study of Environmentally Friendly Drilling Fluid Additives to be used a Thinner in Water-Based Muds
Authors: Al-Hameedi Abo Taleb , Alkinani Husam H. , Dunn-Norman Shari , Al-Alwani Mustafa A. , Feliz Justin D. , Alshammari Abdullah F. , Albazzaz Hussien W. , Hamoud Zahra A. , Mutar Rusul A. , Al-Bazzaz Waleed H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The use of conventional chemical additives to control drilling mud specifications causes serious health, safety, and environmental side effects. To mitigate these lasting hazards, an economic multifunctional bioenhancers should be exploited as additives in place of the traditional materials to achieve the desired drilling mud properties. Using a bioenhancer is not only safer for the environment, but it poses no risk to drilling personnel and is more cost-efficient than conventional methods.
In this work, two concentrations of is Palm Tree Leave Powder (PTLP) were added to the base mud and drilling fluid properties were measured. The pH test demonstrated PTLP's ability to minimize alkalinity. At 1.5% (11 gm) PTLP, the pH was decreased by 21%, while 3% (22 gm) PTLP showed a reduction of 28%. A reduction in seepage loss (cc/30min) of 26% and 32% was also observed, respectively, when comparing it to the reference fluid. Simultaneous improvement of the mud cake was seen over the reference fluid, signifying PTLP could also substitute fluid loss control agents. The plastic viscosity (PV) of the reference fluid was insignificantly affected by the introduction 1.5% (11gm) PTLP. However, when the concentration of PTLP was increased to 3% (22 gm) a tangible increase in PV was seen due to the inefficient grinding of the palm tree leaves (PTL) and irregular dispersal of particle sizes. To mitigate this, a more effective form of grinding for PTL is needed as well as a sieve analysis to ensure equal distribution of particle sizes. The second component of viscosity, yield point (YP), was drastically reduced by 59% at both 1.5% (11 gm) and 3% (22 gm) as compared to the reference fluid. Additionally, initial and final gel strengths were significantly reduced at both concentrations. These results are an indicator that PTLP can be a viable option as a thinning material for water-based mud.
Considering the previously stated results, PTLP can be a feasible replacement or at least supportive material for conventional pH reducers, filtration loss control agents, and viscosity thinners. This biodegradable drilling mud additive shows great potential and is a practical option to replace or at least support toxic chemicals traditionally used such as lignosulphonate, chrome-lignite, and Resinex. This work outlines a practical guide for reducing drilling fluid costs as well as the impact on drilling personnel and the environment.
Incidents Investigations and Learning Approach in Oil & Gas Industry
Authors: Al-Qubaisi Salama Saeed 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Incident investigation makes an important contribution to reduce risk by implementing recommendations and Lessons Learned from an investigation. Lessons Learned from an Investigation is an instrument to prevent future reoccurrence and it requires effective implementation. Nevertheless, the implementations of the lessons learned from the incidents require a systematic approach and management methodologies, which include Processes, Procedures and a Robust System, that ensure lessons are captured, validated, implemented and utilized in future activities and projects. In most organizations, lessons are captured only within one segment that lacks an effective mechanism for sharing and implementing Lessons Learned. Therefore, omissions are often repeated from one activity or project to the next. This paper discussed the effective implementation of the Lessons Learned through Pan Company Process and System that positively adds value to an oil and gas organization. The Developed framework with "Common Database System" in ERP platform to facilitate Lessons Learned from various activities is embedded into Common Processes and Procedures. Therefore lessons are pro-actively routed to those who need to see them and take appropriate action. The Common System shall provide the aspects required to identify, assess and take corrective action on any issue and to communicate results for effective implementation across the company. This Process cuts across functional boundaries and allows an organization to learn from both its blunders and triumphs. The Lesson Learned System will support organization in learning efficiently from experiences that will reduce operational risk, increase efficiency, and improve operational effectiveness. In addition, it presents opportunities to save time, money and to add value to company standards. The gains from the idea will usually materialize over the longer term. This is encouraging Knowledge Management (KM) sustainability by learning, exchanging and implementing valuable lessons learned across all aspects of Company business activities. Such lessons shall be referred to prior starting a new activity or project. The paper proposes a novel method to manage Lessons learned from Incidents. An efficient Lessons Learned process could inhibit organization from rerunning their errors and allow organization to repeat their accomplishments. It should be an instrumental part of any organization's overall continuous improvement process.
Methodology for Recoil Analysis of Emergency Disconnection Drilling Riser in a Deepwater Environment
Authors: Wang Yanbin , Gao Deli , Wang Jinduo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In deepwater drilling, it is inevitable to disconnect the riser from the Low Marine Riser Package (LMRP) with the blowout preventer (BOP) under some extreme operating conditions. Since the riser is in tensile state under normal working conditions, elastic potential energy is stored in the riser. So, the riser will move upward like a spring under the combined action of the elastic potential energy and the frictional resistance generated by the discharge of drilling mud in riser, which is called recoil response. Recoil analysis of drilling riser is of great significance to the safety of deepwater drilling, from which the recoil response, main controlling factors and corresponding solutions can be defined.
In this paper, the mechanical model and governing equations are established based on the mass-spring-damping system with two degrees of freedom. In this model, the frictional resistance on the riser inner wall when the drilling fluid is discharged, and the elastic potential energy stored in the riser are taken into account. In addition, the direct acting tensioner (DAT), which is simplified as sinusoidal motion and spring model, is selected as the top boundary condition of the disconnected riser. The tension force and spring stiffness is calculated based on the configuration and working principle of the DAT. Finally, the time-history displacement of the LMRP after disconnected from the BOP is obtained. On this basis, the parameter sensitivity analysis is presented.
Analysis results show that with the increase of water depth and the amplitude of the DAT, the possibility of collision between them rises. For a determined riser system, there is an optimal heave motion frequency for the DAT to implement riser emergency disconnection. Corresponding measures should be taken to prevent the spring stiffness of the DAT from decreasing. Besides, the riser size has a comprehensive effect on the riser recoil response. This paper can provide reference for the research of riser emergency disconnection.
Integrated Approach for Smart Brownfield Concept - Application Model for Production Optimization Technologies
Authors: Windisch Christian , Doppelreiter David 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach for oilfield digitalization from an operator perspective in view of big data and industry 4.0 topics. The objective is to organize a smart technology change to state-of-the-art conditions in mature brownfields under the circumstances of a low oil prize scenario, minor hydrocarbon production rates, high water cuts and the availability of a certain percentage of a well’s turnover for digitalization and monitoring purpose, as demand from the company’s management.
The core of the smart brownfield concept is the formation of a team of multidisciplinary professionals, working on projects outside the day-to-day business, with the aim of introducing and developing state-of-the-art technology solutions in order to optimize production in mature brownfields. The project team consists of three main pillars to cover organizational, commercial and technical key aspects. The relinquishment of internal IT services, as well as a focus on individual skills of each team member are primarily responsible for the successful implementation of the defined objectives.
Combining more than 80 years of operational experience in brownfield development with new state-of-the-art technology approaches, forms the basis for effective oilfield digitalization. The multidisciplinary project team conducts the elaboration of a holistic approach covering all relevant operational disciplines, under the aspects of production improvement, cost savings and health and safety compliance. Data generation is established by using purpose built devices, and by equipping wells with commercially available sensors. Data transmission is accomplished with a new approach in terms of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network). Field operator are equipped with smart watches for data communication purpose during on-site field inspection. An internal developed software platform using the advantage of machine learning and smart computational approaches forms the base system for innovative analysis of automatically transferred field data. The project team programs integrated software applications for smart data visualization based on long-term expert knowledge in field operations. The so created oilfield digitalization concept serves as platform for field development and decision-making purpose for engineering and management level.
A big advantage of the created concept is, that the workflow can be applied to any oilfields and facilities around the globe for different well types (SRP, PCP, ESP) and customized according to required settings. The novel concept forms a holistic approach in a retrofit design, to combine the old analog and the modern digital world for a smart digitalization of brownfields in the E&P business.