bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional printing technology for localised thoracoscopic segmental resection for lung cancer
Authors: Chen Yangming , Zhang Jiguang , Chen Qianshun , Li Tian , Chen Kai , Yu Qinghua , Lin Xing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Three-dimensional (3D) CT reconstruction technology has gained increasing attention owing to its potential in locating ground glass nodules in the lung. The 3D printing technology additionally allows visualising the surrounding anatomical structure and variations. However, the clinical utility of these techniques is not known. We aimed to establish a lung tumour and an anatomical lung model using three-dimensional (3D) printing and 3D chest computed tomography (CT) reconstruction and to evaluate the clinical potential of 3D printing technology in uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy.
Methods
Eighty-nine patients with ground glass nodules who underwent uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy were divided into the following groups: Group A, lung models for pre-positioning and simulated surgery that were made with 3D chest CT reconstruction and 3D printing; Group B, patients who underwent chest CT scans with image enhancement for 3D reconstruction. The differences in the surgery approach transfer rate, surgical method conversion rate, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complication rate were compared between the groups.
Results
The surgery approach transfer rate was 0% and 10.5% for Groups A and B, respectively, showing a significant difference (p = 0.030). The operative time was 2.07 ± 0.24 hours and 2.55 ± 0.41 hours, respectively, showing a significant difference (p<༜0.001). Intraoperative blood loss volume was 43.25 ± 13.63 and 96.68 ± 32.82 ml, respectively, showing a significant difference (p<༜0.001). The postoperative complication rate was 3.9% and 13.2%, respectively, showing a non-significant difference (P = 0.132). The rate of surgical method conversion to lobectomy in Group A was 0%, which was significantly lower than that of 10.5% in group B (p < 0.030).
Conclusions
3D printing technology helps surgeons to locate the nodules more accurately, as it is based on 2D and 3D imaging findings, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of surgery. This technique is worth for application in clinical practice.
Trial registration:
Retrospectively registered.
Genetic architecture and genomic selection of female reproduction traits in rainbow trout
Authors: D’Ambrosio Jonathan , Morvezen Romain , Brard-Fudulea Sophie , Bestin Anastasia , Poncet Charles , Haffray Pierrick , Dupont-Nivet Mathilde , Phocas Florence 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Rainbow trout is a significant fish farming industry under temperate climates. Female reproduction traits play an important role in the economy of breeding companies with the sale of fertilized eggs. The objectives of this study are threefold: to estimate the genetic parameters of female reproduction traits, to determine the genetic architecture of these traits by the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL), and to assess the expected efficiency of a pedigree-based selection (BLUP) or genomic selection for these traits.
Results
A pedigreed population of 1,343 trout were genotyped for 57,000 SNP markers and phenotyped for seven traits at 2 years of age: spawning date, female body weight before and after spawning, the spawn weight and the egg number of the spawn, the egg average weight and average diameter. Genetic parameters were estimated in multi-trait linear animal models. Heritability estimates were moderate, varying from 0.27 to 0.44. The female body weight was not genetically correlated to any of the reproduction traits. Spawn weight showed strong and favourable genetic correlation with the number of eggs in the spawn and individual egg size traits, but the egg number was uncorrelated to the egg size traits. The genome-wide association studies showed that all traits were very polygenic since less than 10% of the genetic variance was explained by the cumulative effects of the QTLs: for any trait, only 2 to 4 QTLs were detected that explained in-between 1 and 3% of the genetic variance. Genomic selection based on a reference population of only one thousand individuals related to candidates would improve the efficiency of BLUP selection from 16 to 37% depending on traits.
Conclusions
Our genetic parameter estimates made unlikely the hypothesis that selection for growth could induce any indirect improvement for female reproduction traits. It is thus important to consider direct selection for spawn weight for improving egg production traits in rainbow trout breeding programs. Due to the low proportion of genetic variance explained by the few QTLs detected for each reproduction traits, marker assisted selection cannot be effective. However genomic selection would allow significant gains of accuracy compared to pedigree-based selection.
Efficacy of mistletoe extract as a complement to standard treatment in advanced pancreatic cancer: study protocol for a multi-centre, parallel group, double-blind, randomised controlled clinical trial (MISTRAL)
Authors: Wode Kathrin , Nordberg Johanna Hök , Kienle Gunver Sophia , Elander Nils , Bernhardson Britt-Marie , Sunde Berit , Sharp Lena , Henriksson Roger , Fransson Per 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Most pancreatic cancer patients present with advanced stage at diagnosis with extremely short expected survival and few treatment options. A multimodal palliative approach is necessary for symptom relief and optimisation of health-related quality of life. In a recent open-label trial of mistletoe extract for advanced pancreatic cancer patients not eligible for chemotherapy, promising results on improved overall survival and better health-related quality of life were reported. The objective of the present study is to assess the value of mistletoe extract as a complement to standard 18 treatment (palliative chemotherapy or best supportive care) in advanced pancreatic cancer patients with 19 regard to overall survival and health-related quality of life. Methods The trial is prospective, randomised, double-blind, multicentre, parallel group and placebo-controlled. In total 290 participants are randomly assigned to placebo or mistletoe extract given subcutaneously in increasing dosage from 0.01mg to 20mg three times per week for nine months. Stratification is performed for site and palliative chemotherapy. Main inclusion criteria are advanced pancreatic cancer and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status zero to two; main exclusion criteria are life expectancy less than four weeks and neuroendocrine tumour of the pancreas. Two ancillary studies on sub-sets of participants are nested in the trial: a biomarker study collecting blood samples and a cross-sectional qualitative study with semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first placebo-controlled randomised trial assessing the impact of mistletoe extract as a complement to standard treatment on overall survival and health-related quality of life in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. The presented trial with its two nested ancillary studies exploring biomarkers and patient experiences is expected to give new insights into the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. Trial registration EU Clinical Trial Register, EudraCT Number 2014-004552-64. Registered 19 January 2016, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2014-004552-64/SE
Risk Factors and clinical features of deterioration of COVID-19 Patients in Zhejiang, China: a single-centered, retrospective study
Authors: Yi Ping , Yang Xiang , Ding Cheng , Chen Yanfei , Xu Kaijin , Ni Qing , Zhao Hong , Li Yongtao , Zhang Xuan , Liu Jun , Sheng Jifang , Li Lanjuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundA severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection swept through Wuhan and spread across China and overseas from December 2019. To identify predictors associated with disease progression, we evaluate clinical risk factors of exacerbation of SARS-CoV2 infection. Methoda retrospective analysis was used for PCR-confirmed COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) diagnosed hospitalized cases between January 19, 2019 and February 19, 2020 in Zhejiang, China. We systematically analyzed the clinical characteristics of the patients and predictors of clinical deterioration.Result100 patients with COVID-19 were included, with median age of 54 years. Among them, 49 cases (49%) were severe and critical cases. Age (P=0.0001), gender (P=0.0031), BMI (P=0.0339), hypertension (P<0.0001), IL6 (P=0.0001), IL10 (P<0.0001), T lymphocyte count (P=0.0001), B lymphocyte count (P=0.0001), White blood cell count (P=0.0002), d2 dimer (P=0.005), PCT (P=0.0039), CRP (P<0.0001), AST (P=0.0484) and artificial liver therapy (P=0.0148), glucocorticoid therapy (P<0.0001) were associated with the severity of the disease. Age and overweigh were independent risk factors for disease severity. ConclusionDeterioration among covid-19 infected patients occurred rapidly after hospital admission, it is necessary to pay attention to these patients. In our cohort, we found that several factors resulted in increased severity. Among these factors, Early detection and reversal of these indicators may reduce the progression of the disease. In addition, early treatment with low doses of glucocorticoids and necessary liver therapy may help reduce mortality in critically ill patients.
Consolidating Strategic Information to Monitor Progress Against the UNAIDS 90-90-90 Targets: Evaluating the Operational Feasibility of an Electronic HIV Testing Register in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Jacob Nisha , Rice Brian , Kalk Emma , Heekes Alexa , Morgan Jennie , Brinkmann Samantha , Hargreaves James , Orgill Marsha , Boulle Andrew 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: HIV diagnosis in South Africa is based on a point-of-care testing (PoCT) algorithm with paper-based record-keeping. Aggregated testing data are reported routinely. To facilitate improved HIV case-based surveillance, the Western Cape Province implemented a unique pilot intervention to digitise PoCT results, at an individual level, and generate an electronic register using the newly developed Provincial Health Data Centre (PHDC). We describe the intervention (phased) and present an evaluation of the operational feasibility of the intervention. We also offer implementation insights into establishing electronic capture of individual level testing data. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on records of all patients attending a local Community Health Centre who had an HIV-PoCT during the study period. Data from the intervention were linked to the PHDC using a unique identifier and compared with aggregate data from the paper-based register. Correlation coefficients were calculated to quantify the correlation between the two monthly datasets. To support an understanding of the findings, the Department of Health project management team generated reflections on the implementation process, which were then grouped thematically into implementation lessons.Results: In total, 11 337 PoCT records were digitised (70% (7954) during Phase I; and 30% (3383) during Phase II). Linkage of forms to the PHDC was 96% in Phase I and 98% in Phase II. Comparison with aggregate data showed high correlation during Phase I, but notable divergence during Phase II. Divergence in Phase II was due to stringent data quality requirements and high clinical staff turnover. Factors supporting implementation success in Phase I included direct oversight of data capturing by a manager with clinical and operational insight. Implementation challenges included operational, health system, and high cost-related issues.Conclusions: We demonstrate that rapid digitisation of HIV PoCT data, without compromising currently collected aggregate data, is operationally feasible, and can contribute to person-level longitudinal HIV case-based surveillance. To take to scale, we will need to improve PoCT platforms and clerical and administrative systems. Although we highlight challenges, we demonstrate that electronic HIV testing registers can successfully replace manual registers and improve efforts to monitor and evaluate HIV testing strategies.
Straighter Low Lumbar Curvature in Isthmic Spondylolisthesis at L4
Authors: Zheng Shaoli , Zhong Zhaoming , Zhu Qingan , Li Zongze , Zhu Siyuan , Yao Xinqiang , Zheng Shuai , Liao Congrui , Zhu Yongjian , Chen Jianting 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis study was conducted to compare differences in imaging features and clinical symptoms between patients with single-level isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS) at L4 and at L5 and to investigate the correlation between imaging and clinical parameters.MethodsThis cross-sectional study evaluated patients with single-level IS who were enrolled between June 2011 and June 2018. A total of 139 patients, 44 in the L4 IS group and 95 in the L5 IS group, met the study criteria and were included. Imaging and clinical parameters obtained from the two groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsPatients in the L4 IS group had smaller lower lumbar lordosis (LLL) (27.1 ± 8.2 vs. 30.9 ± 9.3, P = 0.021) and were of older age (58.5 ± 8.7 vs. 52.8 ± 10.1, P < 0.01) than those in the L5 IS group. As per the Roussouly classification system, most patients with L4 IS were classified as Type 2 (43.2%), whereas most patients with L5 IS fell under Type 3 (44.2%). In the L5 IS group, pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), lumbar lordosis (LL), and L5 incidence (L5I) were positively associated with slippage rate (SR), but the lumbosacral angle (LSA) was negatively associated with SR (P < 0.01). In the L4 IS group, only L5I showed a positive association with SR (P < 0.01). More significant associations were found among sagittal lumbo-pelvic parameters in the L5 IS group, but none were found between SR and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) in either group.ConclusionsWhen compared with patients with L5 IS, patients with L4 IS were of older age and had straighter low lumbar curvature when they were obviously symptomatic. L5 I can be considered an important predictive factor for spondylolisthesis progression in patients with IS at L4.
Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy: Leveraging Provider Perceptions to Inform Medication-Assisted Treatment
Authors: Titus-Glover Doris , Shaya Fadia T , Welsh Christopher , Qato Danya M , Shah Savyasachi , Gressler Laura E , Vivrette Rebecca 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Medication-assisted treatment is recommended for pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD), yet only 50% receive the treatment. Knowledge deficit, limited access to prescribing providers, and complex delivery models are known barriers to treatment. Strategies for improvement of medication-assisted treatment during pregnancy require multi-disciplinary provider input. The objective of this study is to explore provider perceptions and factors critical to medication-assisted treatment delivery for pregnant women with OUD. Methods: A qualitative research approach was used to gather data from individual provider and group semi-structured interviews. Providers ( n =12) responded to questions in several domains related to perceptions of medication-assisted treatment, treatment delivery, access to resources, and challenges/barriers. Data were collected, transcribed, coded (by consensus) and emerging themes were analyzed using grounded theory methodology. Results: Emerging themes in this pilot study, revealed persistent provider knowledge/training gaps, inadequate service coordination, inconsistent treatment guidelines, stigmatization, and lack of resources such as housing and transportation. Providers found medication-assisted treatment offered pregnant women with OUD, a “lifeline.” Conclusions: In this pilot study, we conclude that, MAT variances can be improved by leveraging healthcare provider perceptions, direct experiences and recommendations towards a team-based, patient-centered integrated approach.
Lipoprotein (a) Predicts Recurrent Worse Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Prior Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective, Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Yan , Jin Jing-Lu , Cao Ye-Xuan , Zhang Hui-Wen , Guo Yuan-Lin , Wu Na-Qiong , Zhu Cheng-Gang , Gao Ying , Hua Qi , Li Yan-Fang , Xu Rui-Xia , Li Jian-Jun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Merging studies have reported the association of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] with poor outcomes of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the prognostic importance of Lp(a) for recurrent cardiovascular events (CVEs) is currently undetermined in patients with T2DM and prior CVEs.
Methods
From April 2011 to March 2017, we consecutively recruited 2,284 T2DM patients with prior CVEs. Patients were categorized into low, medium, and high groups by Lp(a) levels and followed up for hard, recurrent CVEs, including nonfatal acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. Caplan-Meier, Cox regression and C-statistic analyses were performed.
Results
During 7,613 patient-years’ follow-up, 153 recurrent CVEs occurred. Lp(a) levels were significantly higher in patients with recurrent CVEs than counterparts (20.44 vs. 14.71 mg/dL, p = 0.002). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the event-free survival rate was dramatically lower in high and medium Lp(a) groups than that in low group irrespective of HBA1c status (< 7.0%; ≥7.0%, both p < 0.05). Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression models indicated that Lp(a) was independently associated with high risk of recurrent CVEs [HR(95% CI): 1.996(1.266–3.148)], such data remains in different HBA1c status (HR(95% CI): <7.0%, 1.914(1.007–3.640); ≥7.0%, 2.174(1.132–4.174)). Moreover, the results of C-statistic were significantly improved by 0.029 when added Lp(a) to the Cox model.
Conclusions
Our data, for the first time, confirmed that Lp(a) was an independent predictor for recurrent CVEs in T2DM patients with prior CVEs, suggesting that Lp(a) measurement may help to further risk stratification for T2DM patients after they suffered a first CVE.
Oral care and oral assessment guide in breast cancer patients receiving everolimus and exemestane: Subanalysis of a randomized controlled trial (Oral Care-BC)
Authors: Umeda Masahiro , Ota Yoshihide , Kashiwabara Kosuke , Hayashi Naoki , Naito Mariko , Yamashita Toshinari , Mukai Hirofumi , Nakatsukasa Katsuhiko , Amemiya Takeshi , Watanabe Ken-ichi , Hata Hironobu , Kikawa Yuichiro , Taniike Naoki , Yamanaka Takashi , Mitsunaga Sachiyo , Nakagami Kazuhiko , Adachi Moriyasu , Kondo Naoto , Shibuya Yasuyuki , Niikura Naoki 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis randomized, controlled, multicenter, open-label, phase III study was conducted to determine whether professional oral care (POC) reduces oral mucositis in estrogen receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer patients treated with everolimus and exemestane.MethodsOne hundred seventy-four patients were randomized into the POC group (n = 86) or the control group (n = 88). Four patients in the POC group and one patient in the control group were excluded from the study because they did not receive the protocol treatment. Thus, 169 patients (POC group: 82 patients; control group: 87 patients) were evaluated for efficacy and safety. The POC group received oral health instruction (OHI), professional mechanical tooth and tongue cleaning, gargling with a benzethonium chloride mouthwash, and dexamethasone ointment when grade 1 mucositis manifested. The control group received OHI and gargling. Eight weeks after everolimus and exemestane were administered, the patients were evaluated for oral status (based on the Oral Assessment Guide [OAG] criteria) and oral mucositis status (assessed with Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE] functional and clinical examinations).ResultsThe incidences of oral mucositis of any grade and severe mucositis of grade 2 were significantly lower in the POC group (p = 0.034 and p = 0.013, respectively), based on the CTCAE functional and CTCAE clinical examinations (p = 0.034 and p < 0.001, respectively). The longitudinal data of the total OAG score (p = 0.012), total OAG grade (p = 0.014), and the longitudinal data of the OAG score of teeth/dentures (p = 0.026) and mucous membranes (p = 0.011) were significantly different between the two groups. The grade of oral mucositis diagnosed with CTCAE functional/clinical examinations was significantly correlated with the OAG grade for swallow (p = 0.04/p < 0.01), lip (p = < 0.01/p < 0.01), teeth/dentures (p = 0.04/p = 0.01), mucous membrane (p < 0.01/p < 0.01), tongue (p < 0.01/p < 0.01), and saliva (p < 0.01/p < 0.01).ConclusionsProfessional oral care may prevent oral mucositis and improve the condition of teeth/dentures in patients receiving everolimus and exemestane treatment.Trial registration:The study protocol was registered on the website of the University Hospital Medical Information Network (Tokyo, Japan; protocol ID 000016109) on January 5, 2015, and was registered on the ClinicalTrials.gov website (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02376985) on March 3, 2015.# These authors contributed equally to this work.
Laboratory investigation of earthquake lightning due to landslide
Authors: Enomoto Yuji , Yamabe Tsuneaki , Mizuhara Kazuyuki , Sugiura Shigeki , Kondo Hiroshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Several laboratory experimental studies of photoemission characteristics of rocks as they fracture have been conducted to elucidate the mechanism of earthquake lightning (EQL). In most of these studies, granite, which exhibits remarkable photoemission, is widely used to explain the mechanism attributed to the piezoelectric effect or piezo-induced effect of quartz, a constituent mineral of granite. Photoemission induced by rock fracturing has been observed prominently during landslides caused by earthquakes. According to the literature on historical earthquakes, landslide-induced EQL was witnessed even at locations where quartz was not present. In this study, we therefore studied the physicochemical characteristics of photoemissions associated with impact shear fractures in various rocks, selected based on historical earthquake records of landslide EQL. As a result, we could highlight various physicochemical processes associated with the frictional heating generated during shear impacts between rocks.