bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Encapsulation enhances protoplast fusant stability
Authors: Gulli Jordan , Kroll Eugene , Rosenzweig Frank 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA barrier to cost‐efficient biomanufacturing is the instability of engineered genetic elements, such as plasmids. Instability can also manifest at the whole‐genome level, when fungal dikaryons revert to parental species due to nuclear segregation during cell division. Here, we show that by encapsulatingSaccharomyces cerevisiae‐Pichia stipitisdikaryons in an alginate matrix, we can limit cell division and preserve their expanded metabolic capabilities. As a proxy to cellulosic ethanol production, we tested the capacity of such cells to carry out ethanologenic fermentation of glucose and xylose, examining substrate use, ploidy, and cell viability in relation to planktonic fusants, as well as in relation to planktonic and encapsulated cell cultures consisting of mixtures of these species. Glucose and xylose consumption and ethanol production by encapsulated dikaryons were greater than planktonic controls. Simultaneous co‐fermentation did not occur; rather the order and kinetics of glucose and xylose catabolism by encapsulated dikaryons were similar to cultures where the two species were encapsulated together. Over repeated cycles of fed‐batch culture, encapsulatedS. cerevisiae‐P. stipitisfusants exhibited a dramatic increase in genomic stability, relative to planktonic fusants. Encapsulation also increased the stability of antibiotic‐resistance plasmids used to mark each species and preserved a fixed ratio ofS. cerevisiaetoP. stipitiscells in mixed cultures. Our data demonstrate how encapsulating cells in an extracellular matrix restricts cell division and, thereby, preserves the stability and biological activity of entities ranging from genomes to plasmids to mixed populations, each of which can be essential to cost‐efficient biomanufacturing.
Microfluidic skin chip with vasculature for recapitulating the immune response of the skin tissue
Authors: Kwak Bong Shin , Jin Seon‐Pil , Kim Su Jung , Kim Eun Joo , Chung Jin Ho , Sung Jong Hwan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere is a considerable need for cell‐based in vitro skin models for studying dermatological diseases and testing cosmetic products, but current in vitro skin models lack physiological relevance compared to human skin tissue. For example, many dermatological disorders involve complex immune responses, but current skin models are not capable of recapitulating the phenomena. Previously, we reported development of a microfluidic skin chip with a vessel structure and vascular endothelial cells. In this study, we cocultured dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes with vascular endothelial cells, human umbilical vascular endothelial cells. We verified the formation of a vascular endothelium in the presence of the dermis and epidermis layers by examining the expression of tissue‐specific markers. As the vascular endothelium plays a critical role in the migration of leukocytes to inflammation sites, we incorporated leukocytes in the circulating media and attempted to mimic the migration of neutrophils in response to external stimuli. Increased secretion of cytokines and migration of neutrophils was observed when the skin chip was exposed to ultraviolet irradiation, showing that the microfluidic skin chip may be useful for studying the immune response of the human tissue.
Telemedicine in postoperative follow-up of STOMa PAtients: a randomized clinical trial (the STOMPA trial)
Authors: Augestad K M , Sneve A M , Lindsetmo R-O 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
A stoma has severe impact on the patient's quality of life (QoL). Postoperative home community follow-up by teleconsultation (TC) and stoma nurses may reduce the burden of travel and improve QoL.

Methods
A university hospital and five district medical centres participated. Patients with a stoma were randomized to follow-up by either TC (intervention) or hospital (control). Stoma nurses performed the clinical examination at the TC studio, aided remotely by hospital nurses and surgeons. The primary endpoint was the EQ-5D™ index score; secondary endpoints were the Stoma Quality-of-Life Scale, the OutPatient Experiences Questionnaire, and use of hospital resources.

Results
A total of 110 patients were randomized to hospital (58 patients) or TC (52) follow-up; 64 patients (hospital 38, TC 26) were followed for more than 12 months and 246 consultations (hospital 151, TC 95) were performed. There were no differences in QoL: EQ-5D™ index score (P = 0·301) and EQ-5D™ visual analogue scale (VAS) score (P = 0·775); Work/Social Function (P = 0·822); Sexuality/Body Image (P = 0·253) and Stoma Function (P = 0·074). Hospital follow-up performed better for organization of care (staff collaboration, P = 0·004; met same persons, P = 0·003) and communication (surgeon understandable, P &lt; 0·001; surgeon caring P = 0·003). TC did not increase the number of hospital consultations (P = 0·684) and reduced the number of journeys of more than 8 h (P = 0·007).

Conclusion
Telemedicine follow-up by stoma nurses did not improve the QoL of patients, but decreased the readmission rate and burden of travel. Registration number NCT01600508 (https://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Parenchyma sparing multicomponent liver resection strategy for multiple bilobar synchronous colorectal cancer metastasis
Authors: Burlaka Anton Anatoliyovych , Kolesnik Olena Oleksandrivna 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA two‐stage multicomponent parenchymal sparing surgical strategy (anatomical extended on left hepatic vein 2‐nd segment liver resection and R1vascular approach) allows the successful resection of synchronous multiple bilobar CRC metastases.
Deep lamellar keratectomy and penetrating scleroplasty using CO2laser photoablation and bimodal grafting for the treatment of a limbal melanoma in a dog
Authors: Cochrane Zachary N. , Mohoric Peter J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA novel approach for en bloc resection of a limbal melanoma using a CO2laser in a dog. Benefits of this advanced technique include excellent surgical precision, improved hemostasis, and the induction of coagulative necrosis of neoplastic cells.
Nanoporous CoO Nanowire Clusters Grown on Three‐Dimensional Porous Graphene Cloth as Free‐Standing Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhou Chencheng , Liu Jinzhe , Guo Shouzhi , Zhang Peilin , Li Shuo , Yang Yun , Wu Jing , Chen Luyang , Wang Mingyi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo further improve the capacity, charge rate and cycling stability has become urgent issues to be solved for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). In our study, we have synthesized nanoporous CoO nanowire clusters on three‐dimensional (3D) porous graphene cloth (denoted as CoO‐NW@GC) via a facile hydrothermal reaction and subsequent annealing process. The self‐supported graphene cloth is provided with large surface area, high porosity and superior electric conductivity, which can greatly contribute to the fast electron and ion transport. Due to the nanoporous CoO nanowire clusters uniformly in situ depositing on the robust 3D skeleton of GC substrate, the CoO‐NW@GC hybrid as anode for LIBs achieves 1190 mAh/g and 429 mAh/g under the current densities of 0.2 A/g and 3.2 A/g, respectively. After more than 200 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A/g, the capacity still maintains 1100 mAh/g. The CoO‐NW@GC illustrates high specific capacity, good stability as well as excellent rate performance.
Arylethynyl Groups That Modulate Anion‐Binding and Assembling Modes of Rod‐ and Fan‐Shaped π‐Electronic Systems
Authors: Watanabe Yuta , Haketa Yohei , Nakamura Kazuto , Kaname Shunsuke , Yasuda Nobuhiro , Maeda Hiromitsu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe introduction of arylethynyl moieties at the pyrrole α‐ and β‐positions of dipyrrolyldiketone BF2 complexes as anion‐responsive π‐electronic molecules was investigated. The arylethynyl‐substituted derivatives formed a variety of anion complexes with planar [1+1]‐ and interlocked [2+1]‐type structures in solution and in the solid state. The derivatives with long alkyl chains in the introduced arylethynyl groups also formed mesophases in the form of ion pairs of the anion complexes and a counter cation. The geometries of the constituent anion complexes affected the packing modes of the dimension‐controlled assemblies.
Calibrations and validations of biological models with an application on the renal fibrosis
Authors: Karagiannis Georgios , Hao Wenrui , Lin Guang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe calibrate a mathematical model of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by Hao et al which is used to explore potential drugs for Lupus Nephritis, against a real data set of 84 patients. For this purpose, we present a general calibration procedure which can be used for the calibration analysis of other biological systems as well. Central to the procedure is the idea of designing a Bayesian Gaussian process (GP) emulator that can be used as a surrogate of the fibrosis mathematical model which is computationally expensive to run massively at every input value. The procedure relies on detecting influential model parameters by a GP‐based sensitivity analysis, and calibrating them by specifying a maximum likelihood criterion, tailored to the application, which is optimized via Bayesian global optimization.
Governmental inspection and green innovation: Examining the role of environmental capability and institutional development
Authors: Qi Guoyou , Zou Hailiang , Xie Xuemei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAs an important method for normalizing firms' environmental behaviors, regulatory inspection has received much attention in both practice and research. However, a consistent conclusion regarding whether and under what conditions regulatory inspection leads to green innovation is lacking. Drawing on the attention‐based view, we argue that the threats or opportunities that top managers perceive from environmental inspection affect the attention they pay to the strategy of green innovation as a response. We hypothesize that firms lacking the capability of regulatory compliance are less likely to invest in green innovation and that the development of promarket institutions diverts managers' attention from reacting to governmental inspection. Using survey data on Chinese industrial firms, we confirm these hypotheses, the theoretical and practical implications of which are discussed.
Bioderived Molecular Electrodes for Next‐Generation Energy‐Storage Materials
Authors: Miroshnikov Mikhail , Mahankali Kiran , Thangavel Naresh Kumar , Satapathy Sitakanta , Arava Leela Mohana Reddy , Ajayan Pulickel M. , John George 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNature‐derived organic small molecules, as energy‐storage materials, provide low‐cost, recyclable, and non‐toxic alternatives to inorganic and polymer electrodes for lithium‐/sodium‐ion batteries and beyond. Some organic carbonyl compounds have met or exceeded the voltages and gravimetric storage capacities achieved by traditional transition metal oxide‐based compounds due to the metal‐ion coupled redox and facile electron‐transport capability of functional groups. Stability issues that previously limited the capacity of small organic molecules can be remediated with reactions to form insoluble salts, noncovalent interactions (hydrogen bonding and π stacking), loading onto substrates, and careful electrolyte selection. The cost‐effectiveness and sustainability of organic materials may further be improved by employing porphyrin‐based electrodes and multivalent‐ion batteries utilizing abundant metals, such as aluminum and zinc. Finally, redox flow batteries take advantage of the solubility of organics for the development of scalable, high power density, and safe energy‐storage devices based on aqueous electrolytes. Herein, the advantages and prospects of small molecule‐based electrodes, with a focus on nature‐derived organic and biomimetic materials, to realize the next‐generation of green battery chemistry are reviewed.
E‐TDGO: An encrypted trust‐based dolphin glowworm optimization for secure routing in mobile ad hoc network
Authors: Mukhedkar Moresh Madhukar , Kolekar Uttam 
Published: February 2020

SummaryMobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are independent networks, where mobile nodes communicate with other nodes through wireless links by multihop transmission. Security is still an issue to be fixed in MANETs. Hence, a routing protocol named encrypted trust‐based dolphin glowworm optimization (DGO) (E‐TDGO) is designed using Advanced Encryption Standard‐128 (AES‐128) and trust‐based optimization model for secure routing in MANET. The proposed E‐TDGO protocol includes three phases, namely, k‐path discovery, optimal path selection, and communication. At first, k paths are discovered based on the distance and the trust level of the nodes. From the k paths discovered, the optimal path is selected using a novel algorithm, DGO, which is developed by combining glowworm swarm optimization (GSO) algorithm and dolphin echolocation algorithm (DEA). Once the optimal path is selected, communication begins in the network such that E‐TDGO protocol ensures security. The routing messages are encrypted using AES‐128 with shared code and key to offer security. The experimental results show that the proposed E‐TDGO could attain throughput of 0.11, delay of 0.01 second, packet drop of 0.44, and detection rate of 0.99, at the maximum number of rounds considered in the network of 75 nodes with attack consideration.
Improved oxytocin analysis from human serum and urine by orbitrap ESI‐LC‐HRAM‐MS
Authors: Franke Adrian A. , Li Xingnan , Dabalos Chester , Lai Jennifer F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNative circulating oxytocin (OT) levels in non‐pregnant/non‐lactating/non‐medicated humans are very low (≤ 8 pg/mL). The lower limit of detection (LLOD) of our previous liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method (10–25 pg/mL) precluded their quantification in serum and urine. Thus, we sought to improve the LC–MS sensitivity of OT measurements in these matrices by hydrophobic tagging and solid phase extraction (SPE). In the former approach, OT was reduced then alkylated with N‐alkyl acetamide (C12, C14, C16, and C18) tags or derivatized using sulfonyl chloride‐based reagents. In the latter approach, native OT in serum and urine was concentrated by offline SPE using gradient acetonitrile washings after first crashing with acetonitrile. Peak urinary eluate fractions were further concentrated online then analyzed by orbitrap‐based LC–MS with electrospray ionization. All hydrophobic OT derivatives had lower sensitivity than native OT. Washing with a water‐acetonitrile gradient during SPE improved the LLOD of OT in spiked serum to 2.5 pg/mL, while adding a subsequent online‐concentration step improved the LLOD in spiked urine to 1–5 pg/mL and allowed us to detect OT in urine from lactating women. We were unable to improve the sensitivity of OT measurements by hydrophobic tagging or by derivatization using sulfonyl chloride‐based reagents. However, we were successful in improving the sensitivity of native OT measurements in serum and urine 2‐ and 5‐fold, respectively, from our previous orbitrap‐based LC–MS method. Offline SPE was mandatory for both matrices and a subsequent online‐concentration step was required for urine.
Do major host shifts spark diversification in butterflies?
Authors: Kaczvinsky Chloe , Hardy Nate B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Escape and Radiate Hypothesis posits that herbivorous insects and their host plants diversify through antagonistic coevolutionary adaptive radiation. For more than 50 years, it has inspired predictions about herbivorous insect macro‐evolution, but only recently have the resources begun to fall into place for rigorous testing of those predictions. Here, with comparative phylogenetic analyses of nymphalid butterflies, we test two of these predictions: that major host switches tend to increase species diversification and that such increases will be proportional to the scope of ecological opportunity afforded by a particular novel host association. We find that by and large the effect of major host‐use changes on butterfly diversity is the opposite of what was predicted; although it appears that the evolution of a few novel host associations can cause short‐term bursts of speciation, in general, major changes in host use tend to be linked to significant long‐term decreases in butterfly species richness.
Dynamic Gold(I) Complexes of Hexa‐tert‐butyl‐octaphosphane
Authors: Grell Toni , Hey‐Hawkins Evamarie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Evamarie Hey‐Hawkins, Leipzig University, Germany. The cover image shows a huge octopus wrecking a ship, which symbolizes the coordination behavior of the studied ligand.
Construction of a New Flow‐through Cell for Screen Printed Electrodes
Authors: Henríquez Camelia , Cerdà Víctor 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper a new flow‐through cell for voltammetric determinations using screen printed electrodes is described. This cell is much simpler than one with similar performances described in a previous work. This new flow‐through cell has been coupled to a multisyringe flow injection system (MSFIA) and to a multiport selection valve allowing the online calibration using the standard addition method. The uses of the MSFIA, together with the small volume of the flow cell and the reduced surface area of the solid phase electrode (SPE) have considerably reduced the volume of reagents and samples to be used. This system has allowed obtaining similar or better detection limits than those obtained using other techniques and flow analysis devices such as SIA, FIA, LOV and microfluidic channels. Graphite ink has been used for the development of screen‐printed electrodes. The determination of Cd and Pb with ASV has been made through its co‐deposition with Bi. For this, Bi(III) solution and the sample were mixed in line. Due to the creation of a new Bi film in each voltammetric cycle, very well defined and reproducible peaks corresponding to Cd and Pb have been obtained. The use of Bi is one of the most important advantages of this system, since it is a recognized substitute for Hg, and its impact on the environment is much lower due to its reduced toxicity. The fact of being an automatic system, the low cost of its components, its simplicity and ease of handling, make it a system that could be useful for monitoring tasks in fieldwork, or measurements on board.
Adaptive threshold techniques for cognitive radio‐based low power wide area network
Authors: Onumanyi A. J. , Abu‐Mahfouz A. M. , Hancke G. P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSome low power wide area network (LPWAN) developers such as Sigfox, Weightless, and Nwave, have recently commenced the integration of cognitive radio (CR) techniques in their respective LPWAN technologies, generally termed CR‐LPWAN systems. Their objective is to overcome specific limitations associated with LPWANs such as spectra congestion and interference, which in turn will improve the performance of many Internet of Things (IoT)‐based applications. However, in order to be effective under dynamic sensing conditions, CR‐LPWAN systems are typically required to adopt adaptive threshold techniques (ATTs) in order to improve their sensing performance. Consequently, in this article, we have investigated some of these notable ATTs to determine their suitability for CR‐LPWAN systems. To accomplish this goal, first, we describe a network architecture and physical layer model suitable for the effective integration of CR in LPWAN. Then, some specific ATTs were investigated following this model based on an experimental setup constructed using the B200 Universal Software Radio Peripheral kit. Several tests were conducted, and our findings suggest that no single ATT was able to perform best under all sensing conditions. Thus, CR‐LPWAN developers may be required to select a suitable ATT only based on the specific condition(s) for which the IoT application is designed. Nevertheless, some ATTs such as the forward consecutive mean excision algorithm, the histogram partitioning algorithm and the nonparametric amplitude quantization method achieved noteworthy performances under a broad range of tested conditions. Our findings will be beneficial to developers who may be interested in deploying effective ATTs for CR‐LPWAN systems.
Evolution of strategic cooperation
Authors: Madgwick P. G. , Wolf J. B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGroup-beneficial behaviors have presented a long-standing challenge for evolutionary theory because, although their benefits are available to all group members, their costs are borne by individuals. Consequently, an individual could benefit from “cheating” their group mates by not paying the costs while still reaping the benefits. There have been many proposed evolutionary mechanisms that could favor cooperation (and disfavor cheating) in particular circumstances. However, if cooperation is still favored in some circumstances, then we might expect evolution to favor strategic cooperation, where the level of contribution toward group-beneficial behavior is varied in response to the social context. To uncover how and why individuals should contribute toward group-beneficial behavior across social contexts, we model strategic cooperation as an evolutionary game where players can quantitatively adjust the amount they contribute toward group-beneficial behavior. We find that the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) predicts, unsurprisingly, that players should contribute in relation to their relatedness to the group. However, we surprisingly find that players often contribute to cooperation in such a way that their fitness is inverse to their relatedness to the group such that those that contribute to cooperation end up with the same return from group-beneficial behavior, essentially removing any potential advantage of higher relatedness. These results bring to light a paradox of group-beneficial cooperation: groups do best when they contain highly related individuals, but those with the highest relatedness to the group will often have the lowest fitness within the group.
Convex combination sequence kernel association test for rare‐variant studies
Authors: Posner Daniel C. , Lin Honghuang , Meigs James B. , Kolaczyk Eric D. , Dupuis Josée 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe propose a novel variant set test for rare‐variant association studies, which leverages multiple single‐nucleotide variant (SNV) annotations. Our approach optimizes a convex combination of different sequence kernel association test (SKAT) statistics, where each statistic is constructed from a different annotation and combination weights are optimized through a multiple kernel learning algorithm. The combination test statistic is evaluated empirically through data splitting. In simulations, we find our method preserves type I error at and has greater power than SKAT(‐O) when SNV weights are not misspecified and sample sizes are large (). We utilize our method in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) to identify SNV sets associated with fasting glucose. While we are unable to detect any genome‐wide significant associations between fasting glucose and 4‐kb windows of rare variants () in 6,419 FHS participants, our method identifies suggestive associations between fasting glucose and rare variants near ROCK2 () and within CPLX1 (). These two genes were previously reported to be involved in obesity‐mediated insulin resistance and glucose‐induced insulin secretion by pancreatic beta‐cells, respectively. These findings will need to be replicated in other cohorts and validated by functional genomic studies.