bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New records of bats (Chiroptera) in the Atlantic Forest of Espírito Santo, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Vela-Ulian Carina Maria , Maires Hoppe João Paulo , Ditchfield Albert David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Herein, we report six new records of bats for the Espírito Santo state, southeastern Brazil: Choeroniscus minor, Diaemus youngii, Micronycteris schmidtorum, Glyphonycteris daviesi, G. sylvestris, and Histiotus velatus. Fieldwork was conducted in the region of Reserva Biológica de Sooretama, northern Espírito Santo, increasing to 83 species the total of bat species known for the state. We also assigned the first voucher for Diclidurus albus at Espírito Santo, and we provide distributional information about all these species in Brazil and map their distribution in the Neotropics. These new occurrences increase the range, in Atlantic Forest, for all bat species reported here. We describe species measurements and provide comments on taxonomy for comparisons and to aid correct identification.
Understory use by terrestrial small mammals in an unflooded forest patch in the Pantanal floodplain
Authors: Sano Nayara Yoshie , Herrera Heitor Miraglia , Porfirio Grasiela Edith de Oliveira , Santos Filipe Martins 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
To date, there have been no studies that have evaluated small mammal utilization of the understory of forests. In this study, we described the use of vertical strata by small mammals in patches of unflooded forests, known as “cordilheiras”, in the Nhecolândia sub-region of the Pantanal, Brazil. We collected all species using the ground and understory, including the terrestrial didelphid Monodelphis domestica. We suppose that local habitat features (e.g., Acuri palms), rather than intrinsic species characteristics, may be more conducive to the use of understory vegetation by small mammals in the Nhecolândia region.
IGF-1 regulates the growth of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix deposition in pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Yin Yitong , Han Ying , Shi Chang , Xia Zhijun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study was carried out to observe the impact of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on human vaginal fibroblasts (HVFs) in the context of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and to explore its effects on mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways. First, it was found that IGF-1 expression reduced in the vaginal wall tissues derived from POP compared to that in non-POP cases. Then the role of IGF-1 was explored in HVFs and thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability and cell apoptosis. Western blot assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression. The results showed that knockdown of IGF-1 inhibited the cell viability of HVFs, promoted the cell apoptosis of HVFs, and decreased the expression of types I and III collagen in HVFs, which was through inhibiting the expression of IGF-1 receptor and MAPK/NF-κB pathways. However, IGF-1 plasmid had the opposite effects on HVFs. In conclusion, our results showed that IGF-1 could activate MAPK and NF-κB pathways, thereby enhancing collagen metabolism and the growth of vaginal wall fibroblasts then to inhibit POP development.
Staying connected during COVID-19: The social and communicative role of an ethnic online community of Chinese international students in South Korea
Authors: Jang In Chull , Choi Lee Jin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
As the public health threat posed by the COVID-19 pandemic is still evolving globally, many linguistic minorities are struggling to obtain accurate and timely health information about the disease and its prevention and treatment in their native language. This study argues that existing ethnic online communities can play an important role in dealing with such health information disparities in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. By analyzing the activities and postings on an online community of Chinese international students in South Korea, this paper illustrates that the community functions as a virtual hub that produces and disseminates up-to-date and essential information about COVID-19 and provides a platform for users to share experiences and emotions accompanying the unprecedented situation. This study points out that the participation of Chinese international students in the online community is voluntary and based on established infrastructure because of the presence of a greater number of Chinese students in South Korea. Thus, it urges the government and local authorities to be more aware of the importance of providing adequate support and guidance to linguistic minorities in such uncertain and frightening times.
Win the Battle, Lose the War?: Strategies for Repealing the Zina Ordinance in Pakistan
Authors: Riaz Beenish 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In 1979, following a military coup, President Zia-ul-Haq sought to foment his power by ‘Islamizing’ Pakistan. Among other policies, he enacted the Hudood Ordinances to codify classical Islamic fiqh on criminal law, including the controversial Zina Ordinance (“Ordinance”) which criminalizes sex outside of marriage. Shortly after its passing, the Ordinance led to the unjust incarceration of thousands of low-income women across the country. Decrying the law as violence against women, human rights supporters around the world demanded reform. Finally, in 2006, Pakistan passed the Protection of Women Act (PWA) that amended the Ordinance, rendering the law procedurally toothless. Still, reforms left the substance of the Ordinance intact, giving men license to take the law into their own hands with effective impunity, leading to a rise in honor killings. Given the need for repeal of the Ordinance, this paper looks to lessons learned from the successes and failures of the 2006 reform to propose a strategy for the future. The 2006 reform adopted an apologetic ‘pragmatic reformist’ approach, building a coalition of conservative Islamists and secularists behind an incremental policy shift. This paper proposes that for a more substantive change that is still effective, the women’s rights movement should shift away from the purely secular or purely Islamic approach to espouse secularism and human rights but using an Islamic rationale, shifting societal attitudes from within the tradition. Doing this, I echo arguments made by reformist-activists Abdullahi An’Naim and Ziba Mir-Hosseini among others as well as adopt the approach of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, the High Courts, and the Federal Shariat Court (FSC) themselves in their attempts to reconcile Pakistan’s constitutional commitments to both human rights and Islamic law. Such a strategy, I posit, is slow but both effective and long-lasting.
Scattering of a single plasmon polariton by multiple atoms for in-plane control of light
Authors: Rituraj  , Orenstein Meir , Fan Shanhui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe study the interaction of a single photon in a surface plasmon polariton mode with multiple atoms. We propose a system of two atoms to achieve a tunable scattering from subscattering to superscattering regimes by changing the angle of the incident photon. We also demonstrate a perfect electromagnetically-induced transparency using two atoms with two-level structures. The proposed framework is efficiently scalable to a system with a large number of atoms and opens up the possibility of designing novel atom-based optical devices. We design an atomically thin parabolic mirror to focus single photons and form a quantum mirage in a cavity built from atoms.
Metasurfaces for biomedical applications: imaging and sensing from a nanophotonics perspective
Authors: Zhang Shuyan , Wong Chi Lok , Zeng Shuwen , Bi Renzhe , Tai Kolvyn , Dholakia Kishan , Olivo Malini 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMetasurface is a recently developed nanophotonics concept to manipulate the properties of light by replacing conventional bulky optical components with ultrathin (more than 104times thinner) flat optical components. Since the first demonstration of metasurfaces in 2011, they have attracted tremendous interest in the consumer optics and electronics industries. Recently, metasurface-empowered novel bioimaging and biosensing tools have emerged and been reported. Given the recent advances in metasurfaces in biomedical engineering, this review article covers the state of the art for this technology and provides a comprehensive interdisciplinary perspective on this field. The topics that we have covered include metasurfaces for chiral imaging, endoscopic optical coherence tomography, fluorescent imaging, super-resolution imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, quantitative phase imaging, sensing of antibodies, proteins, DNAs, cells, and cancer biomarkers. Future directions are discussed in twofold: application-specific biomedical metasurfaces and bioinspired metasurface devices. Perspectives on challenges and opportunities of metasurfaces, biophotonics, and translational biomedical devices are also provided. The objective of this review article is to inform and stimulate interdisciplinary research: firstly, by introducing the metasurface concept to the biomedical community; and secondly by assisting the metasurface community to understand the needs and realize the opportunities in the medical fields. In addition, this article provides two knowledge boxes describing the design process of a metasurface lens and the performance matrix of a biosensor, which serve as a “crash-course” introduction to those new to both fields.
The crystal structure of catena-poly[bis-(3,5-dinitro-1,2,4-triazolato-κ2
N:O)-(μ2-1,4-bis(1-imidazolyl)benzene-κ2
N:N′)copper(II)], C16H10CuN14O8
Authors: Yajin Li , Wuxi Xie , Kuanguang Song , Yu Zhao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
C16H10CuN14O8, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 13.4851(13) Å, b = 12.3808(12) Å, c = 13.2151(13) Å, β = 97.3040(10)°, V = 2188.4(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0310, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1127, T = 296(2) K.
How learning shapes immunity
Authors: Hadamitzky Martin , Lückemann Laura , Schedlowski Manfred , Engler Harald 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Experimental studies in rodents and humans have convincingly demonstrated that immune functions can be modulated by associative learning processes. We have established a conditioned taste avoidance (CTA) paradigm in rats by pairing a novel taste (conditioned stimulus, CS) with an injection of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA; unconditioned stimulus, US). Re-exposure to the CS results in a pronounced CTA and, more importantly, in a selective suppression of specific T-cell functions, mimicking the drugs’ effects. To provide a basis for using learned immunosuppressive strategies in clinical situations, we are currently investigating the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the extinction of conditioned immunosuppressive responses and the generalizability of our findings to other immunomodulatory drugs.
Approximate solution for fractional attractor one-dimensional Keller-Segel equations using homotopy perturbation sumudu transform method
Authors: Sharma Dinkar , Samra Gurpinder Singh , Singh Prince 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, homotopy perturbation sumudu transform method (HPSTM) is proposed to solve fractional attractor one-dimensional Keller-Segel equations. The HPSTM is a combined form of homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and sumudu transform using He’s polynomials. The result shows that the HPSTM is very efficient and simple technique for solving nonlinear partial differential equations. Test examples are considered to illustrate the present scheme.
The Polish-Lithuanian Republic of Nobles in the French political thought (1573-1795)
Authors: Malinowska Teresa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe modern Polish-Lithuanian Republic drew the attention of many French political authors like Théodore de Bèze, Jean Boucher, Jean Bodin, Henri de Boulainvilliers, Montesquieu, Voltaire or Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The Sarmatian State appeared in French political literature in 1573, when the French prince Henri de Valois was elected king of the Polish-Lithuanian Republic, until 1795, when it disappeared from the map of Europe. It appeared not only in political treaties but also in pamphlets, manifestos and travel literature. This article aims at analysing this continuous presence, which constitutes a fascinating key for reading the French political debates of the modern era.
A Dream of a Stone: The Ethics of De-anthropocentrism
Authors: Wu Tsaiyi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDe-anthropocentrism is the leitmotif of philosophy in the twenty-first century, encouraging diverse and competing thoughts as to how this goal may be achieved. This article argues that the method by which we may achieve de-anthropocentrism is ethical rather than metaphysical – it must involve a creation of the self, rather than an interpretation of the given human conditions. Through engagements with the thought of Nietzsche, Levinas, and Foucault, and a close reading of Baudelaire’s poem “La Beauté,” I will illustrate three ethical commitments essential to de-anthropocentrism: to abandon the claim to knowledge associated with human reason, to remain in perpetual quest of an object, and to transgress the given perceptual structure through aesthetic experience. In contrast to Kantian philosophy built upon universal human reason, art is the ethical arena where each artist creates their own way to relate to the object, while de-anthropocentrism occurs – this article argues – when the artist includes the self as the field of creation. Object-Oriented Ontology in my assessment is the only branch of philosophy that truly achieves de-anthropocentrism.
Gendering Sarai: Reading Beyond Cisnormativity in Genesis 11:29–12:20 and 20:1–18
Authors: Henderson-Merrygold Jo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article explores the way assumptions about gender prevalent in twenty-first century readers impact our understanding of Sarai. It interrogates the way a mere glimpse allows us to instantaneously assign a person gender, something trans theorist Julia Serano calls gendering. Through this article, we see how the third-party accounts of Sarai in Genesis 11:19–12:20 parallel the experience of that introductory glance today. By undertaking a close reading, different themes emerge that work to both confirm and challenge her fit within dominant gender norms. Indeed, Sarai cannot easily be subsumed into cisnormative gender expectations that privilege consistent coherence between the sex assigned at birth and gender identity and expression. Genesis 20:1–20 is then placed in discussion with the earlier portion of Sarai’s story. It provides the opportunity to revisit how observers within the text see and understand her. In turn new details emerge that seek to confirm Sarai’s fit within cisnormativity; but in doing so, they end up disrupting our perception that Sarai is a cisnormative woman. Ultimately, this reading establishes that Sarai does not neatly fit our preconceptions, which opens up the potential to consider her a transgender or a gender-diverse figure.
Die Sprache neu denken?
Authors: Trabant Jürgen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Sprachen (langues) sind heute vielfach politischem Druck zur Erneuerung ausgesetzt. Unwillkommenes Altes soll aus ihnen verschwinden. Diese Erneuerungswut verdankt sich einer Sicht auf die Sprachen, die vor Jahrhunderten neu war: nämlich der großen neuzeitlichen Entdeckung, dass Wörter nicht nur – wie Aristoteles dachte – verschiedene Laute sind, sondern dass sie – ungenaues und partikulares – „Denken“ enthalten. Die philosophische Kritik dieser Entdeckung übertreibt die Abhängigkeit des Denkens von der (unwillkommenen) Semantik der Sprachen und verfehlt damit die positive – und immer noch neue – Einschätzung ihrer Verschiedenheit als „wunderbare Vielfalt des Geistes“ (Leibniz). Unbeantwortet bleibt die Frage, ob die aktuellen neuen Formen der Kommunikation eine neue Sprache (langage) und einen neuen Menschen schaffen.
Pharmacokinetics and toxicity of carboplatin used for hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Mikkelsen Mette Schou , Blaakaer Jan , Petersen Lone Kjeld , Schleiss Luise Gram , Iversen Lene Hjerrild 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Carboplatin is frequently used in various doses for hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) although its pharmacokinetics, including focus on the perfusion time, has not been evaluated when used in modern era cytoreductive surgery (CRS). The aim was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and hematological toxicity of carboplatin used for HIPEC with a perfusion time of 90 min.

Methods
Fifteen patients with stage III–IV primary EOC received CRS and 90 min of HIPEC with carboplatin at dose 800 mg/m2. For the pharmacokinetic analysis, perfusate and blood samples were obtained during HIPEC and up to 48 h after HIPEC (blood only). Hematological toxicity within 30 days was graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events. Severe toxicity (grades 3–5) is reported.

Results
Mean maximum concentration of carboplatin was 12 times higher in perfusate than plasma (mean CmaxPF=348 µg/mL (range: 279–595 µg/mL) versus mean CmaxPL=29 µg/mL (range: 21–39 µg/mL)). Mean terminal half-life of carboplatin in perfusate was 104 min (range: 63–190 min) and mean intraperitoneal-to-plasma area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) ratio was 12.3 (range: 7.4–17.2). Two patients (13%) had grade 3 neutropenia within 30 days. No grade 4–5 hematological toxicities were identified.

Conclusions
Carboplatin has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile for 90 min HIPEC administration, and the hematological toxicity was acceptable at dose 800 mg/m2. Large interindividual differences were found in the pharmacokinetic parameters, making risk of systemic exposure difficult to predict.
Urinary carboxylic acids (UCAs) in subjects with autism spectrum disorder and their association with bacterial overgrowth
Authors: Gątarek Paulina , Jóźwik-Pruska Jagoda , Bjørklund Geir , Chirumbolo Salvatore , Kałużna-Czaplińska Joanna 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this study, the levels of concentration of carboxylic acids (benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and hippuric acid) in the urine of autistic children were investigated and compared. The increased excretion of carboxylic acids is related to excessive bacterial activity in the gut, called bacterial overgrowth, which has been related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as an impairment in the gut-brain axis. The investigation was based on the analysis of urine samples obtained from 120 ASD children. To identify and quantify urinary carboxylic acids (UCAs), we applied gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, we checked the influence of probiotic supplementation, gender, body mass index (BMI) value and age of children on the level of different selected compounds. Most of the obtained results were found within reference ranges. In some cases, the levels of benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid were particularly elevated. Statistically significant differences were observed in supplementation with probiotics and the level of p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (p=0.036). The obtained results may indicate disturbances in the intestinal flora in some autistic patients and suggest that supplements may have an influence on the levels of carboxylic acids in urine. Due to the small population of children taking the supplement, further study are needed.
Implication of coronavirus pandemic on obsessive-compulsive-disorder symptoms
Authors: Sulaimani Mona F. , Bagadood Nizar H. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This review assesses various sources regarding obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms and the coronavirus pandemic via a study of literature related to OCD conditions in the United States, China, the United Kingdom, and India. Coronavirus’s morbidity and its status as a global pandemic transmittable from one person to another has subsequently intensified the personal perception of distress. The projected shortage of vital medical equipment to fight coronavirus due to daily increases in COVID-19 cases creates social unrest. The world confronts perpetual news about high numbers of coronavirus cases, more people in quarantine, and more deaths; those not infected feel increasing fear about its proximity. Social media, print media, and electronic sources offer much advice on how to prevent coronavirus infection. Pandemics extend beyond pathophysiology and medical phenomena to associations with intense psychosocial impact. Studies have established that people with existing mental disorders are prone to relapses, the fear of faulty COVID-19 prevention measures, distress, and suicidal thoughts during pandemics. Precautionary measures aim to slow the spread of coronavirus, but these radical repetitive measures create great anxiety in the mental health of individuals suffering from OCD. Despite the nature of their conditions, these people must adhere to routine processes, such as washing hands, wearing masks and gloves, and sanitizing hands. Given the asymptomatic nature of people suffering from OCD, the routine measures for addressing COVID-19 have a hectic and adverse effect on their mental health and their state of relaxation. Through a systematic literature review, this paper provides insight into the coronavirus pandemic’s implications for OCD symptoms.
Greater than the sum of its parts: focusing SRP research through a systems approach lens
Authors: Suk William A. , Heacock Michelle , Carlin Danielle J. , Henry Heather F. , Trottier Brittany A. , Lopez Adeline R. , Amolegbe Sara M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Superfund Research Program (SRP) funds diverse transdisciplinary research to understand how hazardous substances contribute to disease. SRP research focuses on how to prevent these exposures by promoting problem-based, solution-oriented research. SRP’s mandate areas encompasses broad biomedical and environmental science and engineering research efforts and, when combined with research translation, community engagement, training, and data science, offers broad expertise and unique perspectives directed at a specific big picture question. The purpose of this commentary is to adapt a systems approach concept to SRP research to accommodate the complexity of a scientific problem. The SRP believes a systems approach offers a framework to understand how scientists can work together to integrate diverse fields of research to prevent or understand environmentally-influenced human disease by addressing specific questions that are part of a larger perspective. Specifically, within the context of the SRP, a systems approach can elucidate the complex interactions between factors that contribute to or protect against environmental insults. Leveraging a systems approach can continue to advance SRP science while building the foundation for researchers to address difficult emerging environmental health problems.