bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causally Associations of Blood Lipids Levels with COVID-19 Risk: Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhang Kun , Guo Yan , Wang Zhuoxin , Ding Jingmiao , Yao Shi , Chen Hao , Zhu Dongli , Zhang Kun , Xue Hanzhong , Huang Wei , Dong Shanshan , Yang Tielin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). It has been found that coronary artery disease (CAD) is a comorbid condition for COVID-19. As the risk factors of CAD, whether blood lipids levels are causally related to increasing susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 is still unknown.ObjectiveWe aim to measure the causal effects between blood lipids and COVID-19 using two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) methods.MethodsWe performed two-sample MR analyses to explore whether dyslipidemia, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were causally related to COVID-19 risk and severity. The GWAS summary data of blood lipids involving in 312571 individuals and dyslipidemia in a total of 53991 individuals were used as exposures, respectively. Two COVID-19 GWASs including 1221 infected patients and 1610 severe patients defined as respiratory failure were employed as outcomes. ResultsThe MR results showed that dyslipidemia was casually associated with the susceptibility of COVID-19 and induced 27% higher odds for COVID-19 infection (MR-IVW OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.49, p-value = 3·18 × 10-3). For blood lipids, the increasing level of TC will raise 18 % higher odds for the susceptibility of COVID-19 (MR-IVW OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.31, p-value = 3.08 × 10-3). Based on MR estimates, we further carried out gene-based analysis and found that ABO gene was associated with TC.Conclusions Dyslipidemia is casually associated with the susceptibility of COVID-19 and the blood TC level is a risk factor for the susceptibility of COVID-19. In addition, the different susceptibility of COVID-19 in specific blood group may be partly explained by the TC concentration in diverse ABO blood groups.
Comparison of Prognostic Value of Early Phase 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Diffusion Tensor Imaging With Neuron-Specific Enolase at 72 Hours in Comatose Survivors of Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest – A Sub-Study of the Xe-Hypotheca Trial
Authors: Koskensalo Kalle , Virtanen Sami , Saunavaara Jani , Parkkola Riitta , Laitio Ruut , Arola Olli , Hynninen Marja , Silvasti Päivi , Nukarinen Eija , Martola Juha , Silvennoinen Heli M , Tiainen Marjaana , Roine Risto O. , Scheinin Harry , Saraste Antti , Maze Mervyn , Vahlberg Tero , Laitio Timo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGuidelines recommend brain imaging for neurological prognostication after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). We aimed to evaluate the predictive accuracy of early phase diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) combined with neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and selected clinical variables for poor neurological outcome after OHCA.MethodsIn 92 patients with complete data set, the predictive accuracy of DTI, 1H-MRS, and NSE at 72h for poor neurological outcome (mRS 3-6) at six months were assessed by area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve as predetermined in the protocol. Additional post-hoc analyses were also performed to find a model with the best predictive power for poor neurological outcome. The brain imaging was performed in a median (IQR) time of 53 hours (47-64) after OHCA.ResultsAt six-months, 31 patients had mRS 3-6, considered to reflect a poor neurological outcome. There was no significant difference between area under ROC curve of 0.73 (95% CI 0.62-0.84) for DTI, 0.78 (0.68-0.88) for 1H-MRS and 0.85 (0.76-0.93) for NSE at 72h for predicting poor outcome at 6 months. In the post-hoc analysis, the combination of DTI, 1H-MRS, and NSE with motor score at 72 hours and epileptic seizures provided the best predictive power with area under ROC curve of 0.98 (95% CI 0.96 – 1.00) as compared to 0.92 (0.86 − 0.97) for DTI, 1H-MRS and NSE at 72 hours alone (p = 0.009).ConclusionsNeither early stage DTI nor 1H-MRS imaging was better than NSE at 72h in predicting poor outcome in this patient group. Although the addition of neuroimaging to the best model using current clinical and laboratory parameters improved the diagnostic performance, the costs and challenges of MR imaging of critically ill patients may outweigh this small benefit. Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00879892. Registered on 13 April 2009.
Maintenance Treatment With Vaginal Progesterone or Placebo Delayed Preterm Birth More Efficiently Than Intravenous Tocolysis Alone – A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Stjernholm Ylva Vladic , Marchini Giovanna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective To evaulate the efficacy of maintenance treatment with vaginal progesterone gel compared to placebo in women after the onset of preterm labor.Material and Methods A randomized controlled trial at a university hospital in Sweden in 2009 − 18. Healthy women with singleton pregnancy and early preterm labor were randomized to daily progesterone gel 90 mg (n = 29) or placebo (n = 29) after standard intravenous tocolysis. Women with intravenous tocolysis alone (n = 29) served as a reference group. Results The latency to delivery was 58 ± 34 days with progesterone, 64 ± 51 days with placebo and 2 ± 2 days in the reference group (p < 0.0001 respectively). The rate of preterm birth < 34 weeks was 34% after progesterone, 38% after placebo and 100% in the reference group (progesterone vs reference p = 0.01 and placebo vs reference p = 0.02). The composite neonatal morbidity and length of neonatal intensive care were lower after progesterone and placebo compared to the reference group (p < 0.0001 respectively).Conclusion Maintenance treatment with vaginal progesterone gel or placebo delayed preterm birth more efficiently than intravenous tocolysis alone, suggesting an effect of the placebo gel rather than of progesterone. We conclude, that the placebo gel reinforced the physiological barrier at the uterine cervix which protects the pregnancy from pathogen invasion and uterine infection leading to preterm birth.
Longitudinal Use of The Consolidated Framework For Implementation Research To Evaluate The Creation of A Rural Center of Excellence in Transgender Health&nbsp;
Authors: Tinc Pamela Jane , Wolf-Gould Christopher , Wolf-Gould Carolyn , Gadomski Anne 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background: Transgender people face numerous barriers to accessing care, particularly in rural settings. Transportation, travel time, a lack of providers offering transgender care, and discrimination all contribute to these barriers. The Gender Wellness Center was established to fill a gap in rural transgender care, and was subsequently awarded a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation grant to establish a Center of Excellence. This study examines the implementation of the Center of Excellence, a complex intervention, over the course of 18 months. Methods: The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to develop baseline and follow-up surveys. These were distributed to members of the core implementation team at the Gender Wellness Center at the midpoint and conclusion of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation grant. Responses were largely open-ended and analyzed qualitatively. Results: Results are presented in terms of Consolidated Framework domains and constructs, as well as the relative outlook (positive or negative) of implementation. Overall, there were improvements over time, with more encouraging feedback and examples of success at follow-up. Though true, organizational culture and individual beliefs about the provision of transgender care challenged implementation of the Center of Excellence throughout the project. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of organizational culture on implementation efforts, as well as the need for complex, multi-faceted interventions to overcome such challenges in order to improve care for marginalized populations. Trial registration: Not applicable
TNF-α differentially modulates the level of subunits of respiratory electron transport complexes of ER/PR +ve/-ve breast cancer cells to regulate mitochondrial complex activity and tumorigenic potential
Authors: Shinde Anjali , Jung HyeRyeon , Lee Hayun , Singh Kritarth , Roy Milton , Gohel Dhruv , Kim Han Byeol , Mane Minal , Vasiyani Hitesh , Currim Fatema , Seo Yuri , Yang Seojin , Yi Eugene C , Rajesh Singh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a immunostimulatory cytokine which is consistently high in the breast tumor microenvironment (TME) however its differential role in mitochondrial functions and cell survival in ER/PR +ve and ER/PR-ve breast cancer cells is not well understood. Methods: In the current study, we investigated TNF-α modulated mitochondrial proteome using high-resolution mass spectrometry and identified the differentially expressed proteins of two different breast cancer cell lines: ER/PR positive cell line, luminal: MCF-7 and ER/PR negative cell line, basal-like: MDA-MB-231and explored their implication in tumorigenic potential of breast cancer cells. We compared the mitochondrial complex activity, ATP and ROS levels between MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 in presence of TNF-α. We used Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database to analyze the correlation between TNF-α and mitochondrial proteins in basal and luminal breast cancer patients. KM plotter analysis was used to understand the relation between mitochondrial protein expression and survival of breast cancer patients. Results: The proteomics experiment showed TNF-α differentially altered the level of critical proteins of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes both in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, which correlated with differential assembly of mitochondrial ETC complexes and activity. The inhibition of glycolytic pathway in presence of TNF-α showed that glycolysis is indispensable for proliferation and clonogenic abilities of MDA-MB-231 (ER/PR –ve) as compared to MCF-7 (ER/PR +ve). The TIMER database showed highly significant negative correlation of TNF-α with key regulators of OXPHOS complexes in basal breast carcinoma as compared to lobular. KM plotter analysis showed improved relapse-free survival with increased expression of identified protein and survival of the breast cancer patients. Conclusion: Collectively, the results here strongly suggest that TNF-α differentially regulates metabolic adaptation in ER/PR +ve(MCF-7) and ER/PR –ve (MDA-MB-231) cells by modulating the mitochondrial supercomplex assembly and activity hence may be critical factor for determining the tumor progression and survival of the breast cancer patients.
Quadriceps Muscle Strength Recovery With the Use of High Tone Power Therapy After ACL Reconstruction: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ogrodzka-Ciechanowicz Katarzyna , Głąb Grzegorz , Ślusarski Jakub , Gądek Artur 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundA relatively new method of electrotherapy is High Tone Power Therapy. It directly affects cell metabolism, improving metabolic processes in tissues, and pain relief. It can also be used to obtain stimulating effects of the current, in this case also for electro stimulation of the quadriceps. The aim was to assess the effectiveness of electro stimulation of the quadriceps muscle in patients after ACL reconstruction, with the use of High Tone Power Therapy.MethodsIn pre post treatment randomized controlled trial took part thirty-five patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The tests were carried prior to and 6 months following the ACL reconstruction. After the surgery, the patients were randomly divided into two research groups – experimental group (17 patients) had the High Tone Power Therapy included in rehabilitation, while the control group (18 patients) was without the High Tone Power Therapy. All patients were subjected to 6-month rehabilitation. Research tools included the measurement of muscle strength torque, ROM, knee and thigh circumference measurements, the Lysholm and the VAS scale ResultsThe analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the measurement of maximum muscle torque of knee extensors between groups and measurements. The analysis did not show any statistically significant differences in other analyzed variables.ConclusionsHigh Tone Power Therapy used in the rehabilitation of patients after ACL reconstruction does not significantly affect the strength of the quadriceps muscle and the function of the knee joint.Trail Registration This study was registered retrospectively in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR). Registration number: ACTRN12616001416482.
Probiotic Alleviate Fluoride-Induced Memory Impairment by Reconstructing Gut Microbiota in Mice
Authors: Xin Jinge , Wang Hesong , Zeng Dong , Sun Ning , Li Lianxin , Sun Ye , Khalique Abdul , Zeng Yan , Pan Kangcheng , Jing Bo , Bai Yang , Ni XueQin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFluoride which is widespread in our environment and food due to geological origin and industrial pollution has been identified as developmental neurotoxicants. Gut-brain axis provide new sight to the brain-derived injury. We hypothesized that fluoride-induced memory impairment was associated with gut dysbiosis, which could be prevented by improving the gut microbiota. MethodsMice were given fluoridated drinking water (sodium fluoride, 100 mg/L) for 70 days and administered with PBS or a probiotic strain, Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 for 28 days prior to and throughout a 70 day exposure to sodium fluoride. ResultsResults showed that fluoride reduces the exploration ratio in Novel object recognition (NOR) test and the spontaneous exploration during the T-maze test in mice following an hour water avoidance stress (WAS), which were significantly improved by the probiotic. 16S rRNA sequencing showed a significant seperation in ileal microbiota between the fluoride-treated mice and control mice. Lactobacillus was the mainly targeting bacteria and significantly reduced in fluoride-treated mice. BS15 reconstructed the fluoride-post microbiota and increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. D-lactate contant and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, two biomarkers of the gut permeability were reduced in the serum of probiotic-inocluated mice. ZO-1, an intestinal tight junction protein, which was reduced by fluoride in mRNA and protein levels were increased by the probiotic treatment. Moreover, in the hippocampus which is essential to learning and memory, the probiotic increased the down-regulated mRNA levels of myelinassociated glycoprotein (MAG) level, Bcl-xl and decreaed up-regulated mRNA levels of Bad in fluoride-treated mice. The probiotic applied in this study also increased down-regulated mRNA and protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and balanced the inflammatory cytokines in mRNA and protein levels in hippocampus of fluoride-treated mice. ConclusionsThese results suggested that there may be some correlations between the fluoride-induced memory dysfunction and alteration of gut microbiota, and reconstruction of gut microbiota is a potential method to prevent the memory dysfunction.
Domestic Violence and Abuse Related Emergency Room Visits in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Singhal Sonica , Orr Sarah , Singh Harkirat , Shanmuganantha Menaka , Manson Heather 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Hospitals’ emergency rooms (ERs), are generally the first point of contact of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) victims to the health care system. For efficient management and resource allocation for ERs to manage DVA-related emergencies in Canada, it is important to quantify and assess the pattern of these visits.Methods: Aggregate DVA-related ER visits data, using relevant ICD-10-CA codes, from 2012 to 2016 were retrieved from IntelliHealth Ontario. The 2011 ON-Marg (Ontario Marginalization) indices were linked at the Dissemination Area level to ER data. Descriptive analyses including total number and rate of visits per 100,000 people were calculated, stratified by age and sex. The Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were also assessed. Results: From 2012-2016, 10,935 (81.2% by females and 18.8% by males) DVA-related visits were made to ERs in Ontario. An annual average of 25.5 visits per 100,000 females and 6.1 visits per 100,000 males was observed. Residential instability and deprivation were significant predictors of DVA-related ER visits. No particular site of injury was indicated in 38.5% of visits, 24.7% presented with cranio-maxillofacial (CMF) trauma in isolation, 28.9% presented with non-CMF injuries, and 7.9% visits presented with both CMF and non-CMF injuries.Conclusion: This study identified that the burden of DVA-related ER visits is large enough to warrant timely public health interventions, and observed that certain populations in Ontario experience more DVA and/or are more prone to its impact. Our findings have important implications for various stakeholders involved in planning and implementing relevant policies and programs.
Novel multiparametric nomogram for overall survival prediction in complicated intra-abdominal infection: A multicenter study in China
Authors: Huang Sisi , Chen Limin , Liu Jiao , Zhang Sheng , Zhang Lidi , Wen Zhenliang , Chen Yizhu , Chen Dechang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Complicated Intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) in the abdominal cavity or within an abdominal organ are numerous and frequent dangerous entities in the treatment of critically ill patients. Early clinical evaluation is necessary. Methods: This retrospective multi-center study included patients from ten intensive care units (ICUs). Risk factors for the overall survival (OS) of patients with cIAI were selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, a nomogram was constructed subsequently. Calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the calibration and discriminative ability.Results: In total, 544 patients diagnosed with cIAI were enrolled and divided into the study (n = 276) and validation (n = 268) sets. Sex, acute gastrointestinal injury, acute kidney injury, rare bacterium infection, Charlson score, and APACHE II score were identified as independent risk factors and were constructed for the nomogram. The nomogram showed marked calibration capability with a concordance index (C- index) of 0.909 and 0.831 in the study and validation set. Comparing with common clinical prognostic scoring system, the nomogram achieved the highest discrimination ability with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.91 and 0.83 in the study set and validation set, respectively.Conclusions: Our newly constructed nomogram provides a useful tool for risk stratification and prognosis evaluation of cIAI.
The Effect of the Resection Distance from the Pylorus on the Short-Term Outcome of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Hussein Ahmed H , Khaled Islam , Faisal Mohammed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) was recently described as an effective approach for the operative treatment of obesity, but the ideal procedure remains controversial. One of the most debated issues is the resection distance from the pylorus (DP). We conducted this study to elucidate any potential difference in the short-term outcome between 2 cm and 6 cm DP in LSG.Methods: This was an interventional, prospective, randomized study aimed at assessing the effect of the resection DP on the weight loss outcome as expressed by the excess weight loss percentage (%EWL) after LSG carried out from January 2018 to March 2020 in 96 patients with morbid obesity who had LSG performed at the Surgical Department, Suez Canal University. The patients were randomly separated into two equal groups; Group 1 (48 patients) underwent LSG with a 2 cm DP resection distance and Group 2 (48 patients) underwent LSG with a 6 cm DP resection distance. Body weight, body mass index, bariatric quality of life, lipid profile, and comorbidities were evaluated pre- and postoperatively for a duration of 12 months.Results: Statistically, there was no significant difference between the two study groups regarding the %EWL, comorbidity resolution throughout the postoperative follow-up, enhancement of the quality of life score throughout the postoperative follow-up, or incidence of complications (25% in Group 1 vs. 25% in Group 2, p > 0.05).Conclusion: LSG was an effective and safe management for morbid obesity and obesity-related comorbidities with significant short-term weight loss; it also improved weight-related quality of life and had an acceptable complication rate. The DP resection distance did not affect the short-term effects of LSG with regard to %EWL, resolution of comorbidities, change in quality of life, and occurrence of complications.
Knowledge, Attitude, Practices and Associated Factors Towards Colostrum Feeding among Mothers of Infants in Ambo District of West Shewa Zone, Oromiya Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Gela Jiregna Darega , Minase Dereje , Teferi Elias , Tesfaye Tamiru 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Colostrum is the first breast milk produced after birth and is important for promotion of health and prevention of infections of the newborn. Though breastfeeding practices are well known but the necessity of colostrum feeding is still poorly understood by mothers.Objective: To assess Knowledge, Attitude, Practices and associated factors towards colostrum feeding among mothers of infants in ambo district of west Shoa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019 among 429 mothers of infants selected by simple random sampling technique. The data were collected using structured questionnaire, focus group discussion & key informant interview by semi structured guiding questionnaire. Descriptive analysis like frequency, percentage, & mean were performed. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were employed to identify associated factors. Variables with p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval identified statistically significant.Results: Among the respondents, 278 (64.8%) mothers had good knowledge & 250 (58%) had favorable attitude. But colostrum feeding was practiced only by 227(56.5%). Mothers of neonates without any illness/finding at birth (AOR =14.87 [ 95% CI: 5.00-44.27]) & postnatal care within the first 2-3 days (AOR = 3.48 [95% CI: 1.23-9.85]) were positively associated factors; but unwanted pregnancy/birth (AOR = 0.243 [95% CI: .113-.527]), mothers suffering from any health problems during pregnancy/birth (AOR = 0.380 [95% CI: .161-.903]), lack of counseling (AOR = 0.264 [95% CI: .103-.675]), home delivery (AOR = 0.239 [95% CI: .111-.516]), & lack of information on colostrum (AOR = 0.040 [95% CI: .013-.125]) were negatively associated with colostrum feeding practices. Conclusions: Majority of respondents had good knowledge & favorable attitude but with poor practices of colostrum feeding. Good neonatal health at/soon after birth & postnatal care attendance within two to three days were positively associated with colostrum feeding practices. But, unwanted pregnancy/birth, any sickness of mother at birth/during pregnancy, lack of counseling on colostrum feeding, home delivery, & lack of information on colostrum feeding were less likely to feed colostrum.Strengthening family planning service, antenatal care, institutional delivery, postnatal care, information provision for counseling & the revision of DHIS2 for inclusion of colostrum feeding indicators were recommended interventions.