bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of cutting process on the stress corrosion susceptibility of AISI 304L stainless steel
Authors: Suma M. J. , Mahadevan S. , Toppo Anita , Albert Shaju K. , Kumar S. Arun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDuring manufacturing of a component, cutting, turning, grinding, and milling operations are inevitable and these operations induce surface residual stresses. In this study, it is shown that, depending on the process employed for cutting, residual stresses generated at the cut surfaces can vary widely and they can, in turn, make the cut surfaces of austenitic stainless steel (SS) prone to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). An austenitic SS 304L plate was cut using three different procesess: bandsaw cutting, cutting using the cut‐off wheel, and shearing. Surface residual stress measurement using the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) technique is carried out close to the cutting edges and on the cross‐section. SCC susceptibility studies were carried out as per ASTM G36 in 45% boiling magnesium chloride solution. Optical microscopic examination showed the presence of cracks, and confocal microscopy was used to measure the depth of cracks. The study confirmed that high tensile residual stresses present in the cut surfaces produced by cut‐off wheel and shear cutting make the surfaces susceptible to SCC while the surfaces produced by bandsaw cutting are resistant to SCC. Hence, it is shown that there is a definite risk of SCC for product forms of austenitic SS with cut surfaces produced using cutting processes that generate high tensile residual stresses stored for a long period of time in a susceptible environment.
Clinical and genetic analysis of ATP13A2 in hereditary spastic paraplegia expands the phenotype
Authors: Estiar Mehrdad A. , Leveille Etienne , Spiegelman Dan , Dupre Nicolas , Trempe Jean-François , Rouleau Guy A. , Gan‐Or Ziv 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundHereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by lower limb spasticity and weakness, with or without additional symptoms. Mutations in ATP13A2, known to cause Kufor–Rakeb syndrome (KRS), have been recently implicated in HSP.MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing was done in a Canada‐wide HSP cohort.ResultsThree additional patients with homozygous ATP13A2 mutations were identified, representing 0.7% of all HSP families. Spastic paraplegia was the predominant feature, all patients suffered from psychiatric symptoms, and one patient had developed seizures. Of the identified mutations, c.2126G>C;(p.[Arg709Thr]) is novel, c.2158G>T;(p.[Gly720Trp]) has not been reported in ATP13A2‐related diseases, and c.2473_2474insAAdelC;p.[Leu825Asnfs*32]) has been previously reported in KRS but not in HSP. Structural analysis of the mutations suggested a disruptive effect, and enrichment analysis suggested the potential involvement of specific pathways.ConclusionOur study suggests that in HSP patients with psychiatric symptoms, ATP13A2 mutations should be suspected, especially if they also have extrapyramidal symptoms.
Effect of Structural Descriptors on the Design of Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitors Using Similarity‐based Molecular Evolution
Authors: Kawai Kentaro , Karuo Yukiko , Tarui Atsushi , Sato Kazuyuki , Omote Masaaki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the effect of structural descriptors on the in silico design of bioactive compounds. The authors have proposed a molecular design technique for designing new bioactive compounds. In this approach, known fragments are combined to generate new structures, which are evolved to increase the similarity to a known active compound. We generated the structure of CDK2 inhibitors using four descriptors (three binary fingerprints and a numerical vector) to evaluate the effect of descriptors on the molecular design. Subsequently, the physicochemical properties of the generated compounds were compared and evaluated from a similarity viewpoint. As a result, it was clarified that better structures can be generated by using descriptors consisting of numerical vectors rather than binary fingerprints. Moreover, the compound generated using the numerical vector or a long‐bit fingerprint resulted in favorable docking scores. Although binary fingerprints such as MACCS are widely used in this field, this result shows that it is important to use numeric vectors, or at least to use long‐bit fingerprints, to design drug‐like CDK2 inhibitors by the similarity‐based structure generation.
The associations among parental warmth and hostility and student engagement in math and the mediating role of effortful control among Chinese children
Authors: Tian Qian , Chen Bin‐Bin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe associations among parenting behaviors, effortful control, and student engagement in math were examined in a sample of Chinese children. The sample was composed of 778 students (Mage = 10.43 years, SD = 0.99) from Grades 4 to 6 in Shanghai, China. Children completed questionnaires to assess parental warmth and hostility, effortful control, and student engagement in math. The results indicated that parental warmth was positively correlated with math engagement whereas parental hostility was negatively correlated with math engagement. In addition, mediational analyses indicated that effortful control fully mediated the association between parental hostility and math engagement, but partially mediated the association between parental warmth and math engagement. This study offers insights into a mediating mechanism linking the relationships among parenting behaviors, effortful control, and math engagement.
Event‐triggered distributed model predictive control with optimal network topology
Authors: Wei Yongsong , Li Shaoyuan , Wu Jing 
Published: January 2020

SummaryIn this paper, we consider a novel iterative DMPC (distributed model predictive control) scheme for linear discrete‐time systems which are connected by network. Every system is dynamically coupled to neighbors. The proposed method can reduce the communication load without degrading performance compared to cooperative DMPC by sensitivity and information topology analysis. The proposed algorithms are applied in a four‐water‐tanks numerical example, and the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Zebrafish Embryos Allow Prediction of Nanoparticle Circulation Times in Mice and Facilitate Quantification of Nanoparticle–Cell Interactions
Authors: Dal Nils‐Jørgen Knudsen , Kocere Agnese , Wohlmann Jens , Van Herck Simon , Bauer Tobias A. , Resseguier Julien , Bagherifam Shahla , Hyldmo Hilde , Barz Matthias , De Geest Bruno G. , Fenaroli Federico 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe zebrafish embryo is a vertebrate well suited for visualizing nanoparticles at high resolution in live animals. Its optical transparency and genetic versatility allow noninvasive, real‐time observations of vascular flow of nanoparticles and their interactions with cells throughout the body. As a consequence, this system enables the acquisition of quantitative data that are difficult to obtain in rodents. Until now, a few studies using the zebrafish model have only described semiquantitative results on key nanoparticle parameters. Here, a MACRO dedicated to automated quantitative methods is described for analyzing important parameters of nanoparticle behavior, such as circulation time and interactions with key target cells, macrophages, and endothelial cells. Direct comparison of four nanoparticle (NP) formulations in zebrafish embryos and mice reveals that data obtained in zebrafish can be used to predict NPs' behavior in the mouse model. NPs having long or short blood circulation in rodents behave similarly in the zebrafish embryo, with low circulation times being a consequence of NP uptake into macrophages or endothelial cells. It is proposed that the zebrafish embryo has the potential to become an important intermediate screening system for nanoparticle research to bridge the gap between cell culture studies and preclinical rodent models such as the mouse.
Ertüchtigung der Rheinbrücke Maxau – Teil 1
Authors: Maier Dietmar H. , Würfel Till , Katzik Walter , Scherer Mathias 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNach einem kurzen Rückblick auf die Vorgängerbauwerke der Rheinbrücke Maxau wird das aktuelle Bauwerk eingehend beschrieben. Im Rahmen der Ertüchtigungsplanung war eine Nachrechnung der Brücke gemäß Nachrechnungsrichtlinie durchzuführen. Die Anforderungen, die sich bei der Anwendung eines modernen Regelwerks ergeben, stellen eine große Hürde für den Nachweis bestehender Brücken dar. Durch differenzierte weiterführende Betrachtungen konnten kritische Nachweise erbracht werden. Überlegungen hinsichtlich der Risse in der Fahrbahnkonstruktion führten zur Entscheidung, die Fahrbahn für eine dauerhafte Nutzung zu ertüchtigen. Die Grundgedanken hierzu werden aufgeführt. Eingehend wird die Ertüchtigung der Fahrbahn in einem folgenden zweiten Teil beschrieben.
Probing typical black hole microstates
Authors: de Boer Jan , van Breukelen Rik , Lokhande Sagar F. , Papadodimas Kyriakos , Verlinde Erik 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We investigate the possibility that the geometry dual to a typical AdS black hole microstate corresponds to the extended AdS-Schwarzschild geometry, including a region spacelike to the exterior. We argue that this region can be described by the mirror operators, a set of state-dependent operators in the dual CFT. We probe the geometry of a typical state by considering state-dependent deformations of the CFT Hamiltonian, which have an interpretation as a one-sided analogue of the Gao-Jafferis-Wall traversable wormhole protocol for typical states. We argue that the validity of the conjectured bulk geometry requires that out-of-time-order correlators of simple CFT operators on typical pure states must exhibit the same chaotic effects as thermal correlators at scrambling time. This condition is related to the question of whether the product of operators separated by scrambling time obey the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis. We investigate some of these statements in the SYK model and discuss similarities with state-dependent perturba- tions of pure states in the SYK model previously considered by Kourkoulou and Maldacena. Finally, we discuss how the mirror operators can be used to implement an analogue of the Hayden-Preskill protocol.
On subregion action complexity in AdS3 and in the BTZ black hole
Authors: Auzzi Roberto , Baiguera Stefano , Legramandi Andrea , Nardelli Giuseppe , Roy Pratim , Zenoni Nicolò 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We analytically compute subsystem action complexity for a segment in the BTZ black hole background up to the finite term, and we find that it is equal to the sum of a linearly divergent term proportional to the size of the subregion and of a term proportional to the entanglement entropy. This elegant structure does not survive to more complicated geometries: in the case of a two segments subregion in AdS3, complexity has additional finite contributions. We give analytic results for the mutual action complexity of a two segments subregion.
Effect of sample orientation on the microstructure and microhardness of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg processed by high-pressure torsion
Authors: Yusuf Shahir Mohd , Hoegden Mathias , Gao Nong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFor the first time, high-pressure torsion (HPT) was applied to additively manufactured AlSi10Mg built in two directions (vertical and horizontal) by selective laser melting (SLM), and the influence of extreme torsional strain on the porosity, microstructure and microhardness of the alloy was investigated. ImageJ analysis indicates that significant porosity reduction is achieved by 1/4 HPT revolution (low strain). Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations reveal the steady distortion and elongation of the melt pools, the continuous elongation of the cellular-dendritic Al matrix and breakage of the eutectic Si phase network with increased HPT revolutions. Microhardness measurements indicate that despite the significant increase in hardness attained from HPT processing, hardness saturation and microstructural homogeneity are not achieved even after 10 HPT revolutions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) line broadening analysis demonstrates increased dislocation densities with increased HPT revolutions, which contributes to the considerably higher hardness values compared to as-received samples.
Lipidomic profiling of non-mineralized dental plaque and biofilm by untargeted UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and SWATH acquisition
Authors: Drotleff Bernhard , Roth Simon R. , Henkel Kerstin , Calderón Carlos , Schlotterbeck Jörg , Neukamm Merja A. , Lämmerhofer Michael 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDental plaque is a structurally organized biofilm which consists of diverse microbial colonies and extracellular matrix. Its composition may change when pathogenic microorganisms become dominating. Therefore, dental biofilm or plaque has been frequently investigated in the context of oral health and disease. Furthermore, its potential as an alternative matrix for analytical purposes has also been recognized in other disciplines like archeology, food sciences, and forensics. Thus, a careful in-depth characterization of dental plaque is worthwhile. Most of the conducted studies focused on the screening of microbial populations in dental plaque. Their lipid membranes, on the other hand, may significantly impact substance (metabolite) exchange within microbial colonies as well as xenobiotics uptake and incorporation into teeth. Under this umbrella, a comprehensive lipidomic profiling for determination of lipid compositions of in vivo dental plaque samples and of in vitro cultivated biofilm as surrogate matrix to be used for analytical purposes has been performed in this work. An untargeted lipidomics workflow utilizing a ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-quadrupole-time-of-flight (QTOF) platform together with comprehensive SWATH (sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra) acquisition and compatible software (MS-DIAL) that comprises a vast lipid library has been adopted to establish an extensive lipidomic fingerprint of dental plaque. The main lipid components in dental plaque were identified as triacylglycerols, followed by cholesterol, cholesteryl esters as well as diacylglycerols, and various phospholipid classes. In vivo plaque is a rare matrix which is usually available in very low amounts. When higher quantities for specific research assays are required, efficient ways to produce an appropriate surrogate matrix are mandatory. A potential surrogate matrix substituting dental plaque was prepared by cultivation of in vitro biofilm from saliva and similarities and differences in the lipidomics profile to in vivo plaque were mapped by statistical evaluation post-analysis. It was discovered that most lipid classes were highly elevated in the in vitro biofilm samples, in particular diacylglycerols, phosphatidylglycerols, and phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs). Furthermore, an overall shift from even-chain lipid species to odd-chain lipids was observed in the cultivated biofilms. On the other hand, even-chain phosphatidylcholines (PCs), lysoPCs, cholesteryl esters, and cholesterol-sulfate were shown to be specifically increased in plaque samples.
Head and neck cancer in Styria
Authors: Vasicek Sarah M. , Pondorfer Prisca , Holzmeister Clemens , Graupp Matthias , Weiland Thomas , Wolf Axel , Moser Ulrich , Wild Dominik , Thurnher Dietmar 
Published: January 2020

Summary
Background
The outcome of patients with cancer of the head and neck is significantly improved by increased interdisciplinary cooperation. The main focus of this study was a comparison of epidemiologic factors (age, sex, origin, staging) of patients with head and neck cancer in Styria, with those for patients throughout Austria.

Methods
A retrospective data analysis of collected archived tumor board protocols of the Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Graz included the patient’s age, sex, area of residence, TNM stage, reasons for inoperability, comorbidities and performance status by ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group), was performed. This study focuses on 340 patients who presented with a head and neck malignancy for the first time.

Results
In the period from January 2014 to December 2015 a total of 252 men (74.1%) and 88 women (25.9%) with malignant head and neck tumors, were presented in the tumor board for the first time. The mean age at diagnosis was 63.4 years. In 45.5% the patients already demonstrated advanced tumor stages (T4 = 27.9%, T3 = 17.6%). Most newly diagnosed neoplasms were cancers of the oropharynx (24.1%), larynx (19.4%) and oral cavity (18.8%) and 36.5% were considered to be inoperable. Curative and palliative treatments were initiated in 83.2% and 16.9%, respectively.

Conclusion
The region of south Styria showed a higher incidence of T3 and T4 tumors of the oropharynx than the average Austrian population. Measures to increase awareness of this problem should be initiated to support general otorhinolaryngologists and general practitioners in detecting oropharyngeal cancers at an earlier stage.
Relationships among white-tailed deer density, harvest, and landscape metrics in TN, USA
Authors: Adams Heidi L. , Kissell Robert E. , Ratajczak Daryl , Warr Edward L. , Applegate Roger D. , Barrett Lynn , Lavacot Tabitha , Graves David 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLandscape and harvest indices are frequently used to represent white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) density. However, the relationship between deer density and specific landscape indices is unclear. Harvest is another metric often used to estimate deer density. Our objective was to model the relationship among deer density, landscape metrics, and harvest density of deer in TN, USA. We estimated deer density across 11 regions in 2011 using distance sampling techniques. We developed 18 a priori models to assess relationships among deer density, harvest density, and landscape metrics. Estimates of deer density ranged from 1.85 to 19.99 deer/km2. Deer density was best predicted by harvest density and harvest density + percent woody area. However, harvest density was the only important variable in predicting deer density (Σωi = 0.700). Results of this study emphasize the significance of harvest density in deer management. While the importance of harvest as a management tool for deer is likely to increase as landscapes are fragmented and urbanized, specific management guidelines should be based upon deer densities and landscape metrics when they are important.
Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid Use in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a Scoping Review of Extant Empirical Literature
Authors: Hearne Evelyn , Wazaify Mayyada , Van Hout Marie Claire , Atkinson Amanda , McVeigh Jim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe use of image- and performance-enhancing drugs particularly anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) is not a new phenomenon. AAS use is not limited to athletes, with mainstream populations using these drugs for aesthetic purposes. Prevalence has been predominantly in Western countries, with some recent studies indicating a rise in popularity in the Eastern Mediterranean region. A scoping review of extant empirical literature from the Eastern Mediterranean region described and mapped what is known about the extent of AAS in the region. Four themes emerged from the review: (1) profile of AAS users; (2) AAS within gymnasium practice; (3) AAS regimes of use; and (4) knowledge and understanding of the AAS concept and related adverse effects. The review highlights a relatively new phenomenon of AAS use in the Eastern Mediterranean. The review underscores the need to carry out further research, particularly qualitative and quantitative studies with both genders, and cognisant of the complexities of culture and religiosity.
Uncovering Hidden Curricula: Use of Dark Humor in Anatomy Labs and its Implications for Basic Sciences Education
Authors: Dueñas Angelique N. , Kirkness Karen , Finn Gabrielle M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHumor is subjective within most settings, but within the anatomy laboratory, it is likely to be significantly more contentious. While humor may be considered a component of the hidden curriculum of medical education, it has yet to be studied specifically from a basic sciences perspective. This study sought to understand if, when, how, and why humor may be used in anatomy labs and the implications this may have in basic sciences education. A survey consisting of demographic and qualitative items was designed to sample widely from academics, students, and health professionals with anatomy laboratory experience. A total of 185 respondents, representing 9 countries participated following purposive sampling and snowball recruitment. Findings of significance were 72% of respondents who had experienced dark humor within the anatomy lab. Themes identified from free-text pertained to the use of internal and external barometers to ascertain the appropriateness of humorous remarks and the use of humor as a mechanism for diffusing stress. Polarity in responses concerning the acceptability of dark humor and rude mnemonics was also observed. This study highlighted that while dark humor may be a perceived tension release, many individuals make use of very specific internalized gauges to determine when and what humor may be appropriate. The data emphasized the need for not only future humanistic-focused anatomy but also basic sciences, education research, to better understand and have ideal educational experiences for all. Finally, this study provided further evidence of the impact of the hidden curriculum associated with the use of humor within educational and professional settings.
d-Auslander–Reiten sequences in subcategories
Authors: Fedele Francesca 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLet Φ be a finite-dimensional algebra over a field k. Kleiner described the Auslander–Reiten sequences in a precovering extension closed subcategory ${\rm {\cal X}}\subseteq {\rm mod }\,\Phi $. If $X\in \mathcal {X}$ is an indecomposable such that ${\rm Ext}_\Phi ^1 (X,{\rm {\cal X}})\ne 0$ and $\zeta X$ is the unique indecomposable direct summand of the $\mathcal {X}$-cover $g:Y\to D\,{\rm Tr}\,X$ such that ${\rm Ext}_\Phi ^1 (X,\zeta X)\ne 0$, then there is an Auslander–Reiten sequence in $\mathcal {X}$ of the form
$${\rm \epsilon }:0\to \zeta X\to {X}^{\prime}\to X\to 0.$$Moreover, when ${\rm En}{\rm d}_\Phi (X)$ modulo the morphisms factoring through a projective is a division ring, Kleiner proved that each non-split short exact sequence of the form
$$\delta :0\to Y\to {Y}^{\prime}\buildrel \eta \over \longrightarrow X\to 0$$is such that η is right almost split in $\mathcal {X}$, and the pushout of δ along g gives an Auslander–Reiten sequence in ${\rm mod}\,\Phi $ ending at X.In this paper, we give higher-dimensional generalizations of this. Let $d\geq 1$ be an integer. A d-cluster tilting subcategory ${\rm {\cal F}}\subseteq {\rm mod}\,\Phi $ plays the role of a higher ${\rm mod}\,\Phi $. Such an $\mathcal {F}$ is a d-abelian category, where kernels and cokernels are replaced by complexes of d objects and short exact sequences by complexes of d + 2 objects. We give higher versions of the above results for an additive ‘d-extension closed’ subcategory $\mathcal {X}$ of $\mathcal {F}$.
Urban history ‘on the go’: discovering and developing Leicester's cultural quarter
Authors: Hartshorne Sally Ann 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUsing Leicester's de-industrialized St George's area as a case-study, this article discusses three projects, all of which involved an academic team, including urban historians, working with a range of non-academic partners, in order to uncover the history and heritage of this part of the city in order to support the regeneration of the area. The first two of these projects leveraged digital media to engage public audiences, while the third used a more ‘traditional’ set of interpretation panels, removing the requirement for specific technology in order to access information as they passed along the street.