bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infrasonic hearing in birds: a review of audiometry and hypothesized structure–function relationships
Authors: Zeyl Jeffrey N. , den Ouden Olivier , Köppl Christine , Assink Jelle , Christensen‐Dalsgaard Jakob , Patrick Samantha C. , Clusella‐Trullas Susana 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThe perception of airborne infrasound (sounds below 20 Hz, inaudible to humans except at very high levels) has been documented in a handful of mammals and birds. While animals that produce vocalizations with infrasonic components (e.g. elephants) present conspicuous examples of potential use of infrasound in the context of communication, the extent to which airborne infrasound perception exists among terrestrial animals is unclear. Given that most infrasound in the environment arises from geophysical sources, many of which could be ecologically relevant, communication might not be the only use of infrasound by animals. Therefore, infrasound perception could be more common than currently realized. At least three bird species, each of which do not communicate using infrasound, are capable of detecting infrasound, but the associated auditory mechanisms are not well understood. Here we combine an evaluation of hearing measurements with anatomical observations to propose and evaluate hypotheses supporting avian infrasound detection. Environmental infrasound is mixed with non‐acoustic pressure fluctuations that also occur at infrasonic frequencies. The ear can detect such non‐acoustic pressure perturbations and therefore, distinguishing responses to infrasound from responses to non‐acoustic perturbations presents a great challenge. Our review shows that infrasound could stimulate the ear through the middle ear (tympanic) route and by extratympanic routes bypassing the middle ear. While vibration velocities of the middle ear decline towards infrasonic frequencies, whole‐body vibrations – which are normally much lower amplitude than that those of the middle ear in the ‘audible’ range (i.e. >20 Hz) – do not exhibit a similar decline and therefore may reach vibration magnitudes comparable to the middle ear at infrasonic frequencies. Low stiffness in the middle and inner ear is expected to aid infrasound transmission. In the middle ear, this could be achieved by large air cavities in the skull connected to the middle ear and low stiffness of middle ear structures; in the inner ear, the stiffness of round windows and cochlear partitions are key factors. Within the inner ear, the sizes of the helicotrema and cochlear aqueduct are expected to play important roles in shunting low‐frequency vibrations away from low‐frequency hair‐cell sensors in the cochlea. The basilar papilla, the auditory organ in birds, responds to infrasound in some species, and in pigeons, infrasonic‐sensitive neurons were traced back to the apical, abneural end of the basilar papilla. Vestibular organs and the paratympanic organ, a hair cell organ outside of the inner ear, are additional untested candidates for infrasound detection in birds. In summary, this review brings together evidence to create a hypothetical framework for infrasonic hearing mechanisms in birds and other animals.
Coalescing investments in school mental health in South Carolina
Authors: Shapiro Cheri J. , Collins Courtnie , Parker Jennifer , Martinez Samantha , Olson Stacey , Weist Mark D. 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundImproving child and adolescent mental health requires states and jurisdictions to invest in school mental health efforts. In recent years, there has been notable expansion and improvement in school mental health services in the state of South Carolina related to a number of investments that are cumulatively promoting capacity building.MethodsThis narrative overview examines the history of the school mental health movement in one southern state and details efforts by multiple key stakeholders that have coalesced to form a strong system for advancing school mental health.ResultsResting on a strong university–community partnership, five separate initiatives are described that together provide enhanced workforce training and support and expansion of school mental health services. Themes of this work are identified with a goal of supporting and advancing the development of school mental health systems in the United States.ConclusionStrong collaborations and communication efforts both within the university setting and between partners in education and community settings, along with engaged funders keen to enhance well‐being of children, youth, and families statewide have set the stage for the growth and expansion of school mental health services.
Parenting stress as a mediator in the oral health of children and adolescents: A stress process model
Authors: Gazzaz Arwa Z. , Carpiano Richard M. , Aleksejuniene Jolanta 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe tested hypotheses regarding socioeconomic status (SES) disparities in oral health amongst children and adolescents and the extent to which such SES disparities may be mediated by parenting stress.MethodsWe analysed data from the 2011/2012 US National Survey of Children's Health for ages 6‐11 years (n = 21 596) and 12‐17 years (n = 23 584). Our models estimated associations between SES indicators (family income and parental education) and parenting stress with two oral health outcomes: parent‐reported child oral health and preventive dental visits.ResultsFor both age groups, SES was positively associated with both oral health outcomes. Parenting stress mediated the relationship between SES and child oral health, not preventive dental visits—such that lower SES was associated with worse oral health via higher parenting stress. Amongst children, the indirect effect of parenting stress was observed for parental education and family income, whilst amongst adolescents, no indirect effect of parenting stress was observed.ConclusionParenting stress was an important determinant of children's oral health and partially explained the SES‐related oral health disparities in children. Future research is needed to explore the causal pathways in this association.
An item‐level investigation of conceptual and empirical distinctiveness of proactivity constructs
Authors: Cho Seonghee , Carpenter Nichelle C. , Zhang Bo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBeyond the prior investigations that took scale‐level approaches to determining discriminant validity in proactivity constructs, the current study contributes a much‐needed interrogation of the items used to measure the behaviors in this domain. The substantive validity (SV) assessments (Study 1) showed that many of the items were judged to be inconsistent with the definition of the construct they assess or, alternatively, more consistent with the definition of a different construct in the domain. Further, exploratory factor analysis revealed the difficulty in empirically separating the four behaviors, while BiM results also advocated against the unique variance of them after accounting for a general factor (Study 2). Altogether, our results show that the items are partly to blame for the empirical redundancy issue.
Australia‐wide cross‐sectional survey of general practitioners' knowledge and practice of lung cancer screening
Authors: Abeyweera Prarthana Dharshanie , Brims Fraser J. H. , Piccolo Francesco , Lei Cory , Manners David 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundLow‐dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening can reduce lung cancer deaths in high‐risk individuals, yet current Australian guidelines do not recommend screening. Little is known about current screening practices in Australia.AimTo evaluate the proportion of general practitioners who report ordering lung cancer screening for their patients, identify factors associated with ordering lung cancer screening and assess general practitioners (GP) rationale for recommending screening and preference of composition of any future national targeted screening programme.MethodsA survey was distributed to a nationally representative sample of 4000 Australian GP. The questionnaire included respondent demographics, self‐reported screening practices, knowledge of screening recommendations, recent screening education, preference for recruitment methodologies for potential screening programmes and potential factors influencing the screening practices of GP. Two logistic regression models identified factors associated with self‐reported chest X‐ray (CXR) and LDCT screening within the past 12 months.ResultsA total of 323 GP completed the survey (participation rate 8.1%). Participants were mostly females (50.6%), from collective/group (79.1%) and metropolitan‐based practices (73.5%). Despite the majority of responders understanding that screening is not recommended by Australian professional societies (71.2%), a substantial proportion of participants requested a CXR or LDCT screening (46.4% and 20.8% respectively). A variety of shared (GP reassurance, affordability of screening, believing screening is funded) and unique practice, educational and cognitive factors were associated with self‐reported LDCT and CXR screening, with the strongest association being recent education about screening from radiology practices (odds ratio (aOR) for LDCT screening 10.4, P < 0.001).ConclusionIn Australia, lung cancer screening occurs outside a coordinated programme, and there is discordance between practice and national recommendations. This highlights an urgent need for clearer guidance from national and professional bodies.
Prevalence of polycythaemia with different formulations of testosterone therapy in transmasculine individuals
Authors: Nolan Brendan J. , Leemaqz Shalem Y. , Ooi Olivia , Cundill Pauline , Silberstein Nicholas , Locke Peter , Grossmann Mathis , Zajac Jeffrey D. , Cheung Ada S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundMasculinising hormone therapy with testosterone is used to align an individual's physical characteristics with his or her gender identity. Testosterone therapy is typically administered via intramuscular or transdermal routes, and polycythaemia is the most common adverse event.AimsTo compare the risk of polycythaemia with different formulations of testosterone therapy in transmasculine individuals.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional analysis was undertaken of transmasculine individuals at a primary and secondary care clinic in Melbourne, Australia. A total of 180 individuals who were on testosterone therapy for >6 months was included. Groups included those receiving: (i) intramuscular testosterone undecanoate (n = 125); (ii) intramuscular testosterone enantate (n = 31); or (iii) transdermal testosterone (n = 24). Outcome was prevalence of polycythaemia (defined as haematocrit > 0.5).ResultsMean age was 28.4 (8.8) years, with a median duration of testosterone therapy of 37.7 (24.2) months; 27% were smokers. There was no difference between groups in serum total testosterone concentration measured. While there was no difference between groups in haematocrit, there was a higher proportion of patients with polycythaemia in those who were on intramuscular testosterone enantate (23.3%) than on transdermal testosterone (0%), P = 0.040. There was no statistically significant difference in polycythaemia between intramuscular testosterone undecanoate (15%) and transdermal testosterone, P = 0.066 nor between intramuscular testosterone enantate and undecanoate, P = 0.275.ConclusionsOne in four individuals treated with intramuscular testosterone enantate and one in six treated with testosterone undecanoate had polycythaemia. No individual treated with transdermal testosterone had polycythaemia. This highlights the importance of regular monitoring of haematocrit in transmasculine individuals treated with testosterone, and findings may inform treatment choices.
The synergistic effect of combining the bioactive glasses with polymer blends on biological and material properties
Authors: Pawlik Justyna , Dziadek Michał , Cholewa‐Kowalska Katarzyna , Osyczka Anna M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe possibility of combining the advantages of bioresorbable polymers blending and the modification of blend matrix with bioactive ceramic fillers was presented for the first time in order to obtain composite materials for biomedical applications. Two kinds of sol‐gel‐derived bioactive glasses: S2‐high silica and A2‐high lime content were combined with PCL/PLGA blend at different volume ratio, that is, 25/75, 50/50, and 75/25. Materials were fabricated in the form of thin films using a solvent casting method. The influence of these variables on surface properties (morphology, roughness, wettability), their mechanical performance, in vitro bioactivity and Saos‐2 osteoblast‐like cell response (cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity), were successfully investigated. Due to the specificity of fabrication route, studies were conducted to examine the opposite surfaces of the films, that is, Petri dish glass‐ or air‐exposed during casting. It was demonstrated that the PCL/PLGA ratio of blend matrix, as well as chemical composition of gel‐derived bioactive glass particles, are two‐key factors that allow altering the surface and mechanical properties of the materials in a wide range. This, in turn, modulates significantly the bioactivity of materials and the response of osteoblast‐like cells. Our findings indicate the new possibilities of designing biodegradable and highly bioactive composite materials with potential osteogenic properties.
Speciation rate and the diversity of fishes in freshwaters and the oceans
Authors: Rabosky Daniel L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimThe number of fish taxa that occur exclusively in marine biomes is approximately equal to the number that occur in freshwater biomes. Both the geographic area and habitable volume of the marine realm are vastly greater than for Earth's freshwater ecosystems, suggesting that the density of marine species is proportionately much lower in the oceans. Because freshwater lineages are relatively recently derived from older marine lineages, this difference in species density suggests that speciation rates might be elevated in freshwater systems. I tested whether speciation rates differ systematically between freshwater and marine habitats.LocationAquatic ecosystems worldwide.TaxonRay‐finned fishes (Actinopterygii).MethodsMarine‐freshwater transitions were tabulated from literature survey and from ancestral state reconstruction. I tested for repeated effects of salinity transitions on speciation rate using formal state‐dependent diversification methods (STRAPP, FiSSE). Using maximum likelihood, I then tested for absolute (unreplicated) differences in speciation rate between marine and freshwater lineages.ResultsRay‐finned fishes have undergone numerous transitions from marine to freshwater systems, but the vast majority of freshwater species richness has resulted from a handful of freshwater colonization events. Speciation rates in freshwater lineages are substantially faster on average than those of marine lineages, but transitions to freshwaters do not lead to elevated rates of speciation in general. This paradox of state‐dependent diversification arises because of the disproportionate effect of several freshwater clades with high species richness and fast rates of speciation.Main ConclusionsTransitions to freshwater do not cause faster rates of speciation, but freshwater ecosystems worldwide are dominated by several clades with relatively fast rates of speciation. There is no evidence that invasion of a novel habitat (freshwater) is generally sufficient to trigger a burst of speciation in colonizing lineages. These results raise an important conceptual problem for the interpretation of state‐dependent diversification analyses.
Cardiac implantable electronic devices in patients with persistent left superior vena cava—A single center experience
Authors: Ghazzal Bahjat , Sabayon Dean , Kiani Soroosh , Leon Angel R. , Delurgio David , Patel Anshul M. , Lloyd Michael S. , Westerman Stacy , Shah Anand , Merchant Faisal M. , El‐Chami Mikhael F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are limited data on cardiac implantable electronic device implantation (CIED) in patients with persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC).ObjectiveTo describe the outcomes of implanting CIEDs with a focus on cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with PLSVC.MethodsWe identified all patients with a PLSVC that underwent CIED implantation from December 2008 until February 2019 at our institution by querying the electronic medical record (n = 34). We then identified controls in a 3:1 fashion (n = 102) by matching on device type (CRT vs non‐CRT). Procedure success, complications, fluoroscopy and procedural time were recorded. Outcomes were compared using a two‐way analysis of variance test and conditional regression modeling for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.ResultsA total of 34 patients with PLSVC underwent 38 procedures. Four patients underwent dual chamber system implantation followed by a subsequent upgrade to CRT. Thirteen patients underwent CRT implantation: one was implanted via the right subclavian while the rest were implanted via the PLSVC. Left ventricular (P = .06). Procedure and fluoroscopy times were significantly higher in the PLSVC as compared with the control group (97.7 vs 66.1 minute, P < .001 and 18.1 minute vs 8.7 minutes, P = .005, respectively).ConclusionCIED implant in patients with PLSVC is feasible but technically more challenging and appears to be associated with higher risk of right ventricular lead dislodgment.
Detection of Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium in foods using a rapid, multiplex real‐time recombinase polymerase amplification assay
Authors: Ren Junan , Man Yan , Li An , Liang Gang , Jin Xinxin , Pan Ligang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSalmonella has been recognized as a major foodborne pathogen for humans and animals. In this study, a multiplex real‐time recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) was developed for simultaneous detection of Salmonella enterica serovars, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium, from chicken, eggs, lettuce, and papaya. The reaction was performed for 20 min at 35°C, and the detection limit of the assay was 102 CFU/ml for pure culture. In food application, the limit of detection (LOD) of S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium using multiplex real‐time RPA without enrichment procedure was 102 CFU/25 g, respectively. After enrichment, the LOD of S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium was 10 CFU/25 g. Moreover, the result for Salmonella spp. was not significantly different from those obtained using a culture‐based method. Additionally, the assay has a lower cross‐reactivity with other pathogenic microorganisms and a good stability performance. Thus, the developed multiplex RPA assay could be used as a rapid tool for the detection of S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium in food.
A 20‐Year Review of Common Factors Research in Marriage and Family Therapy: A Mixed Methods Content Analysis
Authors: D'Aniello Carissa , Fife Stephen T. 
Published: April 2020

Introduced by Sprenkle, Blow & Dickey (1999), common factors in marriage and family therapy (MFT) have been discussed over the past two decades. Although the MFT common factors literature has grown, there are misconceptions and disagreements about their role in theory, practice, research, and training. This content analysis examined the contributions of the common factors paradigm to MFT theory, practice, research, and training over the past 20 years. We identified 37 scholarly works including peer‐reviewed journal articles, books, and chapters. Using mixed methods content analysis, we analyze and synthesize the contributions of this literature in terms of theoretical development about therapeutic effectiveness in MFT, MFT training, research, and practice. We provide commentary on the substantive contributions that the common factors paradigm has made to these areas, and we discuss the implications and limitations of the common factors literature, and provide recommendations for moving common factors research forward.
Treatment of invasive fungal diseases in cancer patients—Revised 2019 Recommendations of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO)
Authors: Ruhnke Markus , Cornely Oliver A. , Schmidt‐Hieber Martin , Alakel Nael , Boell Boris , Buchheidt Dieter , Christopeit Maximilian , Hasenkamp Justin , Heinz Werner J. , Hentrich Marcus , Karthaus Meinolf , Koldehoff Michael , Maschmeyer Georg , Panse Jens , Penack Olaf , Schleicher Jan , Teschner Daniel , Ullmann Andrew John , Vehreschild Maria , von Lilienfeld‐Toal Marie , Weissinger Florian , Schwartz Stefan 
Published: April 2020

SummaryBackgroundInvasive fungal diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients undergoing intensive cytotoxic therapy. The choice of the most appropriate antifungal treatment (AFT) depends on the fungal species suspected or identified, the patient's risk factors (eg length and depth of granulocytopenia) and the expected side effects.ObjectivesSince the last edition of recommendations for ‘Treatment of invasive fungal infections in cancer patients’ of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Medical Oncology (DGHO) in 2013, treatment strategies were gradually moving away from solely empirical therapy of presumed or possible invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) towards pre‐emptive therapy of probable IFD.MethodsThe guideline was prepared by German clinical experts for infections in cancer patients in a stepwise consensus process. MEDLINE was systematically searched for English‐language publications from January 1975 up to September 2019 using the key terms such as ‘invasive fungal infection’ and/or ‘invasive fungal disease’ and at least one of the following: antifungal agents, cancer, haematological malignancy, antifungal therapy, neutropenia, granulocytopenia, mycoses, aspergillosis, candidosis and mucormycosis.ResultsAFT of IFDs in cancer patients may include not only antifungal agents but also non‐pharmacologic treatment. In addition, the armamentarium of antifungals for treatment of IFDs has been broadened (eg licensing of isavuconazole). Additional antifungals are currently under investigation or in clinical trials.ConclusionsHere, updated recommendations for the treatment of proven or probable IFDs are given. All recommendations including the levels of evidence are summarised in tables to give the reader rapid access to key information.
Identification of reversible changes in cerebral fat embolism syndrome using susceptibility‐weighted imaging: A case report
Authors: Hidaka Masaoki , Murao Kei , Yokoi Mio , Kuwano Miyuki , Mezuki Satomi , Osaki Masato , Akiyama Tomoaki , Yamaguchi Shinya , Sayama Tetsuro , Kitazono Takanari , Arakawa Shuji 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA 90‐year‐old female with traumatic femur fracture developed dyspnea and consciousness disturbance. Susceptibility‐weighted imaging of the brain revealed multiple punctate low‐signal‐intensity lesions throughout the cerebral white matter, and cerebral fat embolism was diagnosed. The symptoms recovered with conservative treatment, while magnetic resonance imaging scans showed the amount of susceptibility‐weighted imaging lesions markedly increased on day 7 and moderately decreased on day 20. Although susceptibility‐weighted imaging lesions in cerebral fat embolism are thought to be petechiae and last through the whole course without significant change, the reversal of the susceptibility‐weighted imaging findings in our case might reflect a susceptibility change due to chronological hemoglobin degeneration and reperfusion of cerebral microcirculation.