bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Surface Interactions Enable Fast Li+ Conduction in Oxide/Polymer Composite Electrolyte
Authors: Wu Nan , Chien Po‐Hsiu , Qian Yumin , Li Yutao , Xu Henghui , Grundish Nicholas S. , Xu Biyi , Jin Haibo , Hu Yan‐Yan , Yu Guihua , Goodenough John B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLi+‐conducting oxides are considered better ceramic fillers than Li+‐insulating oxides for improving Li+ conductivity in composite polymer electrolytes owing to their ability to conduct Li+ through the ceramic oxide as well as across the oxide/polymer interface. Here we use two Li+‐insulating oxides (fluorite Gd0.1Ce0.9O1.95 and perovskite La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O2.55) with a high concentration of oxygen vacancies to demonstrate two oxide/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)‐based polymer composite electrolytes, each with a Li+ conductivity above 10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C. Li solid‐state NMR results show an increase in Li+ ions (>10 %) occupying the more mobile A2 environment in the composite electrolytes. This increase in A2‐site occupancy originates from the strong interaction between the O2− of Li‐salt anion and the surface oxygen vacancies of each oxide and contributes to the more facile Li+ transport. All‐solid‐state Li‐metal cells with these composite electrolytes demonstrate a small interfacial resistance with good cycling performance at 35 °C.
Optimization and quality evaluation of infrared‐dried kiwifruit slices
Authors: Sadeghi Ebrahim , Haghighi Asl Ali , Movagharnejad Kamyar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInfrared drying characteristics of kiwifruits under natural and forced drying air convection with different conditions were investigated. An experimental study along with statistical analysis aimed to evaluate quality characteristics of infrared‐dried kiwifruit slices, in terms of drying time, rehydration ratio and shrinkage as a function of infrared power levels, slice thicknesses, slice distance from the infrared lamps, and air velocity. Response surface methodology was used for optimization of drying parameters with employing desirability function. Minimum drying time, shrinkage, and maximum rehydration ratio assumed as criteria for optimizing drying conditions of kiwifruit slices were strongly dependent on the drying conditions. All operating variables had a significant effect on total responses, but slice thickness almost was the most prominent factor. The slices dried at the highest power level, the lowest distance from the Infrared lamp, the least thickness, and air velocity showed a higher rehydration capacity than slices dried at the other conditions.
Event, Archive, Mediation: Sri Lanka's 1971 Insurrection and the Political Stakes of Fieldwork
Authors: Hewage Thushara 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn recent years, much scholarship has revealed how archives and archival artefacts mediate processes of knowledge extraction, production, and representation. Yet, there remains a certain assumption of the archive's transparent availability as a given location for disciplinary work. This essay asks how less visible forms of mediation organize the critical conceptualization and experience of archival inquiry. It examines these conceptual questions through a focus on the 1971 JVP (Janata Vimukti Peramuna—People's Liberation Front) insurgency, a pivotal but now neglected event in Sri Lanka's political history. I explore how an authoritative monograph on the insurrection and its archive have mediated its problematization and enabled its nationalist recuperation. I ascertain the political stakes of returning to the event by locating the supervening context for my own interest in the insurgency, a discursive archive of the disciplinary conceptualization of Sri Lankan political modernity, its characteristic preoccupations, and their effects. I suggest that the event of 1971 offers a locus from which to examine a normative narrative that this archive yields. Recounting how these stakes animated my experience of the liberal archive, the paper's final section asks how different forms of archive implicate distinctive ethical practices and subjects of reading. I pursue this question through the representation and reading of 1971 within what I term the JVP's own pedagogical “archive.” I conclude by reviving a postcolonial concern with the critical stakes of disciplinary investigation and suggest a different approach to the problem of “ethnicized” postcolonial modernities.
Anaxagoras in Response to Parmenides
Authors: Furley David J. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction“What reason is there to suppose that those who did know Parmenides’ poem necessarily thought that he had raised a real problem which they must try to deal with? Empedocles, perhaps also Anaxagoras, knew the poem, but they pursue a very different kind of philosophy from Zeno and Melissus: why, then, must we suppose that they are seeking an alternative answer to the problem posed by Parmenides, and that their ultimate material elements are to be seen as modifications of the Eleatic ἓν έόν?“These rhetorical questions, taken from M. L. West's recent book,Early Greek Philosophy and the Orient,make a useful starting point for this inquiry. They are, of course, what the grammar books call “repudiating questions“: the answer hoped for is “no reason“. The argument with which Mr. West goes on to support his negative implication is not likely to convince many students of the Presocratics. He determinedly makes light of Parmenides’ chains of argument, apparently on the ground that “these were not the actual stages of Parmenides’ thinking” — as if Parmenides ought to have been writing his intellectual autobiography instead of a philosophical argument.
Tea plant genomics: achievements, challenges and perspectives
Authors: Xia En-Hua , Tong Wei , Wu Qiong , Wei Shu , Zhao Jian , Zhang Zheng-Zhu , Wei Chao-Ling , Wan Xiao-Chun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTea is among the world’s most widely consumed non-alcoholic beverages and possesses enormous economic, health, and cultural values. It is produced from the cured leaves of tea plants, which are important evergreen crops globally cultivated in over 50 countries. Along with recent innovations and advances in biotechnologies, great progress in tea plant genomics and genetics has been achieved, which has facilitated our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of tea quality and the evolution of the tea plant genome. In this review, we briefly summarize the achievements of the past two decades, which primarily include diverse genome and transcriptome sequencing projects, gene discovery and regulation studies, investigation of the epigenetics and noncoding RNAs, origin and domestication, phylogenetics and germplasm utilization of tea plant as well as newly developed tools/platforms. We also present perspectives and possible challenges for future functional genomic studies that will contribute to the acceleration of breeding programs in tea plants.
A Rare Case of Ossified Chronic Subdural Hematoma Complicated with Tension Pneumocephalus
Authors: Turgut Mehmet , Yay Murat Ö. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA 59-year-old man presented with epileptic seizures interpreted as episodic syncope in the past 3 years and the patient had a history of head trauma about 4 years ago. Computed tomography revealed an ossified chronic subdural hematoma involving the right frontotemporoparietal region, which was totally resected using microsurgical technique. Postoperatively, weakness developed in right arm and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a bilateral tension pneumocephalus, which was immediately treated by a left frontal burr hole trepanation, and the patient was discharged uneventfully.
Concomitant Tricuspid Valve Repair during Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Repair
Authors: Pfannmueller Bettina , Misfeld Martin , Davierwala Piroze , Weiss Stefan , Borger Michael Andrew 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Concomitant use of tricuspid valve (TV) surgery and minimally invasive mitral valve (MV) repair is debatable due to a prolonged time of surgery with presumably elevated operative risk. Herein, we examined cardiopulmonary bypass times and 30-day mortality in patients who underwent MV repair with and without concomitant TV surgery.
Methods We retrospectively evaluated 3,962 patients with MV regurgitation who underwent minimally invasive MV repair without (n = 3,463; MVr group) and with (n = 499; MVr + TVr group) concomitant TV surgery between 1999 and 2014. Preoperative parameters between the groups were significantly different; therefore, propensity score matching was performed.
Results Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time for all patients was 125.5 ± 55.8 minutes in MVr and 162.0 ± 58.0 minutes in MVr + TVr (p < 0.001). Overall 30-day mortality was significantly different between these groups (4.8 vs. 2.1%; p < 0.001); however, after adjustment, there was no significant difference (3.3 vs. 1.2%; p = 0.07). Backward logistic regression revealed that cardiopulmonary bypass time was not a significant predictor for early mortality within the MVr + TVr cohort.
Conclusion Concomitant TV repair using prosthetic rings through a minimally invasive approach is safe and does not lead to elevated early mortality in our patient cohort. Therefore, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time should not be the sole reason to rule out MV repair with concomitant TV repair and to prefer the use of suture techniques, which saves only a few minutes compared with prosthetic ring implantation.
Whole Blood del Nido versus Cold Blood Microplegia in Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Propensity-Matched Analysis
Authors: James Taylor M. , Stamou Sotiris C. , Faber Cristiano , Nores Marcos A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objectives Few studies have evaluated the outcomes of whole blood microplegia in adult cardiac surgery. Our novel protocol includes removing the crystalloid portion and using the Quest Myocardial Protection System (MPS) for the delivery of del Nido additives in whole blood. This study sought to compare early and late clinical outcomes of whole blood del Nido microplegia (BDN) versus cold blood cardioplegia (CBC) following adult cardiac surgery.
Materials and Methods A total of 361 patients who underwent cardiac surgery using BDN were compared with a contemporaneous control group of 934 patients receiving CBC. Propensity matching yielded 289 BDN and 289 CBC patients. Chi-square analysis and Fisher's exact test were performed to compare preoperative, operative, and postoperative characteristics on the matched data. Primary outcome was operative mortality, and secondary outcomes included clinical outcomes such as stroke, cardiac arrest, and intra-aortic balloon pump use. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to compare actuarial survival between the two groups using a log-rank test.
Results After matching, preoperative characteristics and surgery type were similar between groups. Cardioplegia type did not affect the primary end point of operative mortality. The rate of postoperative intra-aortic balloon pump was lower in BDN patients compared with CBC patients (0 vs. 2%; p = 0.01). There was no difference in late survival.
Conclusion Our novel protocol BDN was comparable with CBC, with similar clinical outcomes and no difference in operative mortality or actuarial survival. Further studies should evaluate the long-term outcomes of this technique.
Gastroschisis in Finland 1993 to 2014—Increasing Prevalence, High Rates of Abortion, and Survival: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Raitio Arimatias , Lahtinen Asta , Syvänen Johanna , Kemppainen Teemu , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Gissler Mika , Hyvärinen Anna , Helenius Ilkka 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroduction The study aims to assess the changes in prevalence and mortality of gastroschisis, and to identify associated anomalies.Materials and Methods It is a population-based nationwide study. All gastroschisis cases were identified in the Finnish Register of Congenital Malformations and the Care Register for Health Care from 1993 to 2014 including live births, stillbirths, and terminations of pregnancy due to fetal anomalies. Associated anomalies were recorded, and analyzed, and prevalence and infant mortality were calculated.Results There were 320 cases of gastroschisis; 235 (73%) live births, 16 (5%) stillbirths, and 69 (22%) terminations of pregnancy. Live birth prevalence of gastroschisis in Finland was lower than generally reported (1.73 in 10,000). However, due to relatively high rates of abortion, our total prevalence of 2.57/10,000 was similar with other reports. The most common risk factor was young maternal age. Babies with gastroschisis were born prematurely, on average on the 36th week and most are delivered by caesarean section. There was a significant increasing trend in live birth prevalence (p = 0.0018). Overall infant mortality was 7.7% (18/235), 7.2% (16/222) in simple gastroschisis and 15% (2/13) in complex gastroschisis. Associated anomalies were rare both in aborted fetuses and neonates, and there was only one case with a chromosomal abnormality.Conclusion Gastroschisis is usually an isolated anomaly with increasing birth prevalence and excellent survival rates. Regardless of the good prognosis, the abortion rates in Finland are higher than previously reported, and we hypothesize this to be due to lack of appropriate antenatal counselling.
External Cephalic Version in Cases of Imminent Delivery at Preterm Gestational Ages: A Prospective Series
Authors: Hill Meghan G. , Reed Kathryn L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective When delivery of a breech fetus is required at a preterm gestational age, Cesarean delivery is often recommended. We performed a prospective patient series to assess the success rate and safety of performing external cephalic version (ECV) procedures on preterm fetuses as an alternative to Cesarean delivery.
Study Design We performed a prospective clinical series of patients who required delivery with a malpresenting fetus at a preterm gestational age.
Results ECV procedures were successful in singletons 50% of the time. No significant complications or cases of fetal mortality were documented.
Conclusion ECV at preterm gestational ages may be an appropriate approach to management in patients requiring delivery. Larger series are needed to further document success rates and risks of the procedure.
Piezo-Assisted Turbinoplasty: A Novel Rapid and Safe Technique
Authors: Robotti Enrico , Khazaal Ali , Leone Francesco 
Published: January 2020

AbstractConsensus is still lacking on the ideal treatment of turbinate hypertrophy concurrent with rhinoseptoplasty. A novel technique of turbinoplasty consisting of incision-bone fracturing by the use of piezoelectric technique—intramucosal microcauterization—lateralization is described in detail. A series of 157 consecutive patients is reviewed with a maximum follow-up of one year. The technique is fast and easy and allows predictability in avoiding postoperative bleeding and preventing remedialization of the lateralized turbinates. Due to the technology required, its use is suggested especially when piezo is employed during other steps of rhinoseptoplasty.
Impact of Electronic Health Record Implementation on Ophthalmology Trainee Time Expenditures
Authors: Gali Helena E. , Baxter Sally L. , Lander Lina , Huang Abigail E. , Millen Marlene , El-Kareh Robert , Nudleman Eric , Chao Daniel L. , Robbins Shira L. , Heichel Christopher W.D. , Camp Andrew S. , Korn Bobby S. , Lee Jeffrey E. , Kikkawa Don O. , Longhurst Christopher A. , Chiang Michael F. , Hribar Michelle R. , Ohno-Machado Lucila 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective Electronic health records (EHRs) are widely adopted, but the time demands of EHR use on ophthalmology trainees are not well understood. This study evaluated ophthalmology trainee time spent on clinical activities in an outpatient clinic undergoing EHR implementation.
Design Prospective, manual time-motion observations of ophthalmology trainees in 2018.
Participants Eleven ophthalmology residents and fellows observed during 156 patient encounters.
Methods Prospective time-motion study of ophthalmology trainees 2 weeks before and 6 weeks after EHR implementation in an academic ophthalmology department. Manual time-motion observations were conducted for 11 ophthalmology trainees in 6 subspecialty clinics during 156 patient encounters. Time spent documenting, examining, and talking with patients were recorded. Factors influencing time requirements were evaluated using linear mixed effects models.
Main Outcome Measures Total time spent by ophthalmology residents and fellows per patient, time spent on documentation, examination, and talking with patients.
Results Seven ophthalmology residents and four ophthalmology fellows with mean (standard deviation) postgraduate year of 3.7 (1.2) were observed during 156 patient encounters. Using paper charts, mean total time spent on each patient was 11.6 (6.5) minutes, with 5.4 (3.5) minutes spent documenting (48%). After EHR implementation, mean total time spent on each patient was 11.8 (6.9) minutes, with 6.8 (4.7) minutes spent documenting (57%). Total time expenditure per patient did not significantly change after EHR implementation (+0.17 minutes, 95% confidence interval [CI] for difference in means: –2.78, 2.45; p = 0.90). Documentation time did not change significantly after EHR implementation in absolute terms (+1.42 minutes, 95% CI: –3.13, 0.29; p = 0.10), but was significantly greater as a proportion of total time (48% on paper to 57% on EHR; +9%, 95% CI: 2.17, 15.83; p = 0.011).
Conclusion Total time spent per patient and absolute time spent on documentation was not significantly different whether ophthalmology trainees used paper charts or the recently implemented EHR. Percentage of total time spent on documentation increased significantly with early EHR use. Evaluating EHR impact on ophthalmology trainees may improve understanding of how trainees learn to use the EHR and may shed light on strategies to address trainee burnout.
The Association between Placental Histopathology, Fetal Growth Restriction, and Preeclampsia in Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Matthews Kathy C. , Fox Nathan S. , Rebarber Andrei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aims to estimate the association between abnormal placental histopathology, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and preeclampsia (PEC) in twin pregnancies.
Study Design Retrospective cohort study of women with diamniotic twin pregnancies with live births at ≥24 weeks of gestation and available placental pathology. Findings were compared between women with and without FGR, which was defined as a birthweight <10th percentile, using singleton and twin growth curves, and those with and without PEC. The primary study outcome was a composite of abnormal placental histopathology. Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and Student's t-tests were used for analysis.
Results Among 859 patients with diamniotic twins, 806 (93.8%) had placental pathology. A total of 422 (52.4%) women had at least one twin with FGR, using a singleton growth curve. FGR affected 136 (16.9%) pregnancies when a twin growth curve was applied. There was no significant difference in composite outcome between groups, using either growth curve (45.5 vs. 44.8%, p = 0.84; adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.06, 95% CI: 0.79–1.40 and 52.2 vs. 43.7%, p = 0.07; aOR: 1.44, 95% CI: 0.90–2.10). A total of 122 of 789 (15.5%) patients developed PEC. There was no significant difference in composite outcome between patients with and without PEC (41.8 vs. 45.4%, p = 0.46; aOR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.53–1.18).
Conclusion In twin pregnancies, FGR and PEC are not associated with abnormal placental histopathology. This suggests that the pathologic placental manifestations of these conditions may differ in twins and include factors other than those commonly described in singletons.
Perinatal Reduced Blood Concentrations of Free Carnitine and Acylcarnitines in Infants with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Schulpis Kleopatra H. , Molou Elina , Manta-Vogli Penelope , Dotsikas Yannis , Thodi Georgia , Chatzidaki Maria , Loukas Yannis L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjective Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystemic inherited disease. The aim of this study was to determine free carnitine (FC) and acylcarnitine concentrations in CF newborns with various mutations of the CFTR gene perinatally.Study Design FC/acylcarnitines were determined in dried blood spots via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on the third day of life of full-term normal (n = 50) and CF (n = 28) newborns. For infants with elevated immunoreactive trypsinogen values, FC/acylcarnitines were quantified again 48 hours later, followed by mutational analysis of CFTR gene via Sanger sequencing.Results Initial FC and sums of acylcarnitine concentrations were statistically significantly lower in CF patients than in controls and even lower 48 hours later. The mutations F508del and 621 + 1G > T were predominantly identified among CF patients.Conclusion Low FC and acylcarnitine concentrations were measured perinatally in CF patients, for all CFTR mutations detected. Carnitine supplementation of breastfeeding mothers could be beneficial.
Phenotyping nocturnal polyuria: circadian and age-related variations in diuresis rate, free water clearance and sodium clearance
Authors: Monaghan Thomas F , Bliwise Donald L , Denys Marie-Astrid , Goessaert An-Sofie , Decalf Veerle , Kumps Candy , Vande Walle Johan , Weiss Jeffrey P , Epstein Matthew R , Weedon Jeremy , Lazar Jason M , Everaert Karel 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
this study compares diuresis rate, sodium clearance and free water clearance (FWC) by age and time of day (nighttime vs. daytime) in subjects with and without nocturnal polyuria (NP) to determine whether these variables affect the phenotype of NP.

Methods
post hoc analysis of two prospective observational studies. Eight urine samples collected at 3-h intervals and a single blood sample were used to calculate daytime (10a/1p/4p/7p/10p) and nighttime (1a/4a/7a) diuresis rates, sodium clearance and FWC. Three mixed linear models were constructed for diuresis rate, sodium clearance and FWC using four predictor variables: NP status (present [nocturnal urine production &gt;90 ml/h] vs. absent [≤90 ml/h]), time of day, age and study identification.

Results
subjects with NP experienced higher nighttime versus daytime diuresis rates, sodium clearance and FWC. Regardless of NP status, increased age was accompanied by an increase in the ratio of nighttime/daytime diuresis rate, nighttime sodium clearance and daytime sodium clearance. FWC showed a complex age effect, which was independent of time of day or NP status.

Conclusions
age-related increases in nighttime/daytime diuresis rate, 24-h sodium clearance and 24-h FWC are not specific to subjects with NP. The age-related surge in either nocturnal sodium clearance or nocturnal FWC may represent the relevant substrate for behavioural or pharmacologic interventions targeting sodium diuresis or free water diuresis, respectively. Increases in FWC in older age groups may reflect impaired circadian rhythmicity of endogenous AVP or changes in responsiveness of the aged nephron to water clearance.