bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activating transcription factor-2 (ATF2) is a key determinant of resistance to endocrine treatment in an in vitro model of breast cancer
Authors: Giannoudis Athina , Malki Mohammed Imad , Rudraraju Bharath , Mohhamed Hisham , Menon Suraj , Liloglou Triantafillos , Ali Simak , Carroll Jason S. , Palmieri Carlo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Activating transcription factor-2 (ATF2), a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA binding proteins, has been implicated as a tumour suppressor in breast cancer. However, its exact role in breast cancer endocrine resistance is still unclear. We have previously shown that silencing of ATF2 leads to a loss in the growth-inhibitory effects of tamoxifen in the oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive, tamoxifen-sensitive MCF7 cell line and highlighted that this multi-faceted transcription factor is key to the effects of tamoxifen in an endocrine sensitive model. In this work, we explored further the in vitro role of ATF2 in defining the resistance to endocrine treatment.

Materials and methods
We knocked down ATF2 in TAMR, LCC2 and LCC9 tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cell lines as well as the parental tamoxifen sensitive MCF7 cell line and investigated the effects on growth, colony formation and cell migration. We also performed a microarray gene expression profiling (Illumina Human HT12_v4) to explore alterations in gene expression between MCF7 and TAMRs after ATF2 silencing and confirmed gene expression changes by quantitative RT-PCR.

Results
By silencing ATF2, we observed a significant growth reduction of TAMR, LCC2 and LCC9 with no such effect observed with the parental MCF7 cells. ATF2 silencing was also associated with a significant inhibition of TAMR, LCC2 and LCC9 cell migration and colony formation. Interestingly, knockdown of ATF2 enhanced the levels of ER and ER-regulated genes, TFF1, GREB1, NCOA3 and PGR, in TAMR cells both at RNA and protein levels. Microarray gene expression identified a number of genes known to mediate tamoxifen resistance, to be differentially regulated by ATF2 in TAMR in relation to the parental MCF7 cells. Moreover, differential pathway analysis confirmed enhanced ER activity after ATF2 knockdown in TAMR cells.

Conclusion
These data demonstrate that ATF2 silencing may overcome endocrine resistance and highlights further the dual role of this transcription factor that can mediate endocrine sensitivity and resistance by modulating ER expression and activity.
Behavioral, neuromorphological, and neurobiochemical effects induced by omega-3 fatty acids following basal forebrain cholinergic depletion in aged mice
Authors: Cutuli Debora , Landolfo Eugenia , Nobili Annalisa , De Bartolo Paola , Sacchetti Stefano , Chirico Doriana , Marini Federica , Pieroni Luisa , Ronci Maurizio , D’Amelio Marcello , D’Amato Francesca Romana , Farioli-Vecchioli Stefano , Petrosini Laura 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, mechanistic, epidemiologic, and interventional studies have indicated beneficial effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) against brain aging and age-related cognitive decline, with the most consistent effects against Alzheimer’s disease (AD) confined especially in the early or prodromal stages of the pathology.In the present study, we investigated the action of n-3 PUFA supplementation on behavioral performances and hippocampal neurogenesis, volume, and astrogliosis in aged mice subjected to a selective depletion of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. Such a lesion represents a valuable model to mimic one of the most reliable hallmarks of early AD neuropathology.MethodsAged mice first underwent mu-p75-saporin immunotoxin intraventricular lesions to obtain a massive cholinergic depletion and then were orally supplemented with n-3 PUFA or olive oil (as isocaloric control) for 8 weeks. Four weeks after the beginning of the dietary supplementation, anxiety levels as well as mnesic, social, and depressive-like behaviors were evaluated. Subsequently, hippocampal morphological and biochemical analyses and n-3 PUFA brain quantification were carried out.ResultsThe n-3 PUFA treatment regulated the anxiety alterations and reverted the novelty recognition memory impairment induced by the cholinergic depletion in aged mice. Moreover, n-3 PUFA preserved hippocampal volume, enhanced neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, and reduced astrogliosis in the hippocampus. Brain levels of n-3 PUFA were positively related to mnesic abilities.ConclusionsThe demonstration that n-3 PUFA are able to counteract behavioral deficits and hippocampal neurodegeneration in cholinergically depleted aged mice promotes their use as a low-cost, safe nutraceutical tool to improve life quality at old age, even in the presence of first stages of AD.
Process data of allogeneic ex vivo-expanded ABCB5+ mesenchymal stromal cells for human use: off-the-shelf GMP-manufactured donor-independent ATMP
Authors: Ballikaya Seda , Sadeghi Samar , Niebergall-Roth Elke , Nimtz Laura , Frindert Jens , Norrick Alexandra , Stemler Nicole , Bauer Nicole , Rosche Yvonne , Kratzenberg Vanessa , Pieper Julia , Ficek Tina , Frank Markus H. , Ganss Christoph , Esterlechner Jasmina , Kluth Mark A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Human dermal mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) expressing the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporter ABCB5 represent an easily accessible MSC population that, based on preclinical and first-in-human data, holds significant promise to treat a broad spectrum of conditions associated not only with skin-related but also systemic inflammatory and/or degenerative processes.

Methods
We have developed a validated Good Manufacturing Practice-compliant expansion and manufacturing process by which ABCB5+ MSCs derived from surgical discard skin tissues are processed to an advanced-therapy medicinal product (ATMP) for clinical use. Enrichment for ABCB5+ MSCs is achieved in a three-step process involving plastic adherence selection, expansion in a highly efficient MSC-selecting medium, and immunomagnetic isolation of the ABCB5+ cells from the mixed culture.

Results
Product Quality Review data covering 324 cell expansions, 728 ABCB5+ MSC isolations, 66 ABCB5+ MSC batches, and 85 final drug products reveal high process robustness and reproducible, reliable quality of the manufactured cell therapy product.

Conclusion
We have successfully established an expansion and manufacturing process that enables the generation of homogenous ABCB5+ MSC populations of proven biological activity manufactured as a standardized, donor-independent, highly pure, and highly functional off-the-shelf available ATMP, which is currently tested in multiple clinical trials.
Momordica charantia polysaccharides modulate the differentiation of neural stem cells via SIRT1/Β-catenin axis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
Authors: Hu Zhaoli , Li Fengying , Zhou Xiaoling , Zhang Feng , Huang Linyan , Gu Bing , Shen Jiangang , Qi Suhua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Stroke is the leading cause of long-term motor disability and cognitive impairment. Recently, neurogenesis has become an attractive strategy for the chronic recovery of stroke. It is important to understand the molecular mechanism that promotes neural stem cell (NSC) neurogenesis for future NSC-based therapies. Our previous study showed that Momordica charantia polysaccharides (MCPs) exerted neuroprotective effects on stroke via their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activities. However, it remains unknown whether MCPs promote NSC neurogenesis after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury (IRI).

Methods
We investigated MCPs’ function in differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vivo and in vitro experiments. Based on a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model, the effect of MCPs on neuronal differentiation after MCAO was analyzed. Primary NSCs and neural stem cell line C17.2 were cultured and subjected to glutamate stimulation to establish the cell model of IRI. We evaluated the effect of MCPs on NSC differentiation in IRI cell model by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The SIRT1 activity of NSCs post glutamate stimulation was also evaluated by CELL SIRT1 COLORIMETRY ASSAY KIT. In addition, molecular mechanism was clarified by employing the activator and inhibitor of SIRT1.

Results
MCPs had no effects on the differentiation of neural stem cells under physiological conditions while shifted NSC differentiation potential from the gliogenic to neurogenic lineage under pathological conditions. Activation of SIRT1 with MCPs was responsible for the neuronal differentiation of C17.2-NSCs. The neuronal differentiation effect of MCPs was attributed to upregulation SIRT1-mediated deacetylation of β-catenin. MCP-induced deacetylation via SIRT1 promoted nuclear accumulation of β-catenin in NSCs.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that the deacetylation of β-catenin by SIRT1 represents a critical mechanism of action of MCPs in promoting NSC neuronal differentiation. It provides an improved understanding of molecular mechanism underlying neuroprotective effects of MCPs in IRI, indicating its potential role on treating ischemic stroke especially chronic recovery.
Moderate SMFs attenuate bone loss in mice by promoting directional osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs
Authors: Chen Guilin , Zhuo Yujuan , Tao Bo , Liu Qian , Shang Wenlong , Li Yinxiu , Wang Yuhong , Li Yanli , Zhang Lei , Fang Yanwen , Zhang Xin , Fang Zhicai , Yu Ying 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundOsteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease without effective treatment. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have the potential to differentiate into multiple cell types. Increased adipogenic differentiation or reduced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs might lead to osteoporosis. Whether static magnetic fields (SMFs) might influence the adipo-osteogenic differentiation balance of BMSCs remains unknown.MethodsThe effects of SMFs on lineage differentiation of BMSCs and development of osteoporosis were determined by various biochemical (RT-PCR and Western blot), morphological (staining and optical microscopy), and micro-CT assays. Bioinformatics analysis was also used to explore the signaling pathways.ResultsIn this study, we found that SMFs (0.2–0.6 T) inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs but promoted their osteoblastic differentiation in an intensity-dependent manner. Whole genomic RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis revealed that SMF (0.6 T) decreased the PPARγ-mediated gene expression but increased the RUNX2-mediated gene transcription in BMSCs. Moreover, SMFs markedly alleviated bone mass loss induced by either dexamethasone or all-trans retinoic acid in mice.ConclusionsTaken together, our results suggested that SMF-based magnetotherapy might serve as an adjunctive therapeutic option for patients with osteoporosis.
Prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections: a survey of ICU nurses’ knowledge and practice in China
Authors: Chi Xiuwen , Guo Juan , Niu Xiaofeng , He Ru , Wu Lijuan , Xu Hong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are largely preventable when evidence-based guidelines are followed. However, it is not clear how well these guidelines are followed in intensive care units (ICUs) in China. This study aimed to evaluate Chinese ICU nurses’ knowledge and practice of evidence-based guidelines for prevention of CLABSIs issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US and the Department of Health UK.

Method
Nurses completed online questionnaires regarding their knowledge and practice of evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of CLABSIs from June to July 2019. The questionnaire consisted of 11 questions, and a score of 1 was given for a correct answer (total score = 0–11).

Results
A total of 835 ICU nurses from at least 104 hospitals completed the questionnaires, and 777 were from hospitals in Guangdong Province. The mean score of 11 questions related to evidence-based guidelines for preventing CLABSIs was 4.02. Individual total scores were significantly associated with sex, length of time as an ICU nurse, educational level, professional title, establishment, hospital grade, and incidence of CLABSIs at the participant’s ICU. Importantly, only 43% of nurses reported always using maximum barrier precautions, 14% of nurses reported never using 2% chlorhexidine gluconate for antisepsis at the insertion site, only 40% reported prompt removal of the catheter when it was no longer necessary, and 33% reported frequently and routinely changing catheters even if there was no suspicion of a CLABSI.

Conclusion
Chinese ICU nurses in Guangdong Province lack of knowledge and practice of evidence-based guidelines for the prevention of CLABSIs. National health administrations should adopt policies to train ICU nurses to prevent CLABSIs.
Is there an optimal age for total knee arthroplasty?: A systematic review
Authors: Lee Seung Hoon , Kim Dong Hyun , Lee Yong Seuk 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this systematic review was to elucidate the optimal age for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), to optimize the balance between the benefits and risks by analyzing patient-reported outcome measurements (PROM), revision rate, and mortality according to age.Materials and methodsA rigorous and systematic approach was used and each of the selected studies was evaluated for methodological quality. Data were extracted according to the following: study design, patients enrolled, patient age at the time of surgery, follow-up period, PROM, revision rate, and mortality.ResultsThirty-nine articles were included in the final analysis. The results were inconsistent in the PROM analysis, but there was consensus that PROM were good in patients in their 70s. In the revision rate analysis, there was consensus that the revision rate tends to increase in TKA in younger patients, but no significant difference was observed in patients > 70 years of age. In the mortality analysis, there was consensus that the mortality was not significantly different in patients < 80 years of age, but tended to increase with age.ConclusionThis systematic review shows that the PROM were good when TKA was performed in patients between 70 and 80 years of age; the best PROM could be achieved around 70 years of age, and no significant difference in the revision or mortality rates was observed between 70 and 80 years of age; however, mortality tended to increase with age. Therefore, the early 70s could be recommended as an optimal age to undergo TKA.
The value of contrast-enhanced FLAIR magnetic resonance imaging in detecting meningeal abnormalities in suspected cases of meningitis compared to conventional contrast-enhanced T1WI sequences
Authors: Kamr Wael Hamza , Eissawy Mohamed Gaber , Saadawy Amr 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Early diagnosis of meningitis with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) would be useful for appropriate and effective management, decrease morbidity and mortality, and provide better diagnosis and treatment. The objective of the current study is to compare the accuracy of contrast-enhanced FLAIR (CE-FLAIR) and contrast-enhanced T1WI (CE-T1WI) in the detection of meningeal abnormalities in suspected cases of meningitis.

Results
Out of 45 patients, 37 patients were confirmed to have meningitis on CSF analysis. Out of the 37 patients, 34 patients were positive on CE-FLAIR sequence and 27 were positive on CE-T1WI. The sensitivity of CE-FLAIR sequence was 91.9% and specificity 100%, while the sensitivity of CE-T1WI sequence was 73% and specificity 100%.

Conclusion
CE-FLAIR is more sensitive than CE-T1WI in diagnosis of meningitis. It is recommended to be used in any cases with clinically suspected meningitis.
Nuclear medicine practices during the COVID-19 pandemic—review of some recently published protocols
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Shahbaz Muhammad , Qadeer Owais Bin , Nazir Kanwal , Naeem Muhammad , Afzal Muhammad Shahzad , Imran Muhammad Babar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
With the global surge in COVID-19 pandemic, it has become inevitable for everyone, inclusive of nuclear medicine personnel, to play their role in combating and containing its transmission. During fall 2019, China encountered a novel coronavirus in Wuhan city which was later on termed as COVID-19. The pneumonia caused by COVID-19 is characterized by dry cough, fever, fatigue, and shortness of breathing (dyspnea). Until now, this virus has spread worldwide and continues to cause exponential causalities.

Main body
This global catastrophic scenario calls for stringent measures to control COVID-19 infection. Thus herein, the respective authors have endeavored to review precautionary measures for nuclear medicine department, encompassing its personnel as well as the patients so that intradepartmental transmission can be prevented. This requires development and execution of a robust and dynamic plan elaborating the healthcare guidelines. Hence, our review paper covers the arena of nuclear medicine services in particular.

Conclusion
Nuclear medicine can play its role in mitigating COVID-19 transmission to personnel and patients if provided with ample PPEs and guidelines are strictly followed. With implementing SOPs (standard operating procedures) based on these guidelines, nuclear medicine facilities will be better prepared for impromptu actions in case of any future outbreak while retaining the smooth flow of obligatory healthcare services.
Risk of spontaneous vertebral fracture during bisphosphonates drug holiday
Authors: Aboughanima Ahmed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Bisphosphonates are the most common treatment for osteoporosis with confirmed efficacy. However, less information is available on prolonged use. This study was performed to examine the risk of osteoporotic vertebral fractures during bisphosphonates holiday and estimate its predictors.

Results
Forty-two patients completed 2-year fracture-free holiday; 7 had spontaneous vertebral fracture. Among baseline characteristics, age was significantly higher in fracture group (69.99 ± 3.62 vs. 75.37 ± 3.81; P value 0.007); other factors were comparable. Longitudinal changes analysis showed that only alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increment had significant group over time interaction (P value 0.002). The difference between baseline and clinical end-point serum collagen type 1 cross-linked C-telopeptid (CTX) was significant in both fracture and non-fracture groups, whereas femoral neck and total hip BMD decline was significant in fracture group only. Multivariate analysis showed that only age (OR, 1.43; p, 0.011) and history of previous fractures (OR, 13.59; p, 0.044) are significant predictors of vertebral fractures.

Conclusions
These results suggest that older age and history of previous fracture should be considered as risk factors for vertebral fractures during bisphosphonates holiday. Furthermore, femoral neck and total hip BMD decline could be related to vertebral fractures. By the same token, overt increase of ALP and CTX could be an indicator of fracture occurrence.
Plagiarism and Authorship in Turn-of-the-Century Venezuela
Authors: Bouzaglo Nathalie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article explores the connection between modernismo, a literary movement that relied heavily on imitation and intertextuality, and accusations of plagiarism, copying, and appropriation. It contextualizes the analysis within a nineteenth-century legal moment in which intellectual property protections were just beginning to take hold at the international level. It examines claims of authorship in the absence of meaningful intellectual property legislation, and in an asymmetrical context in which European authors were widely reprinted and read in Latin America but Latin American authors were barely read in Europe. And it considers performances of plagiarizing and of being plagiarized—that is, the unease expressed by one who suspects his work has been copied. Specifically, the article analyzes an accusatory epistolary exchange between Enrique Gómez Carrillo and Manuel Díaz Rodríguez; the novel El hombre de hierro (The Iron Man; 1907) by Rufino Blanco Fombona, which was interpreted as a copy of Flaubert’s Madame Bovary but justified by its local character; and the very curious case of Rafael Bolívar Coronado, whose writing implodes the category of authorship that underlies intellectual property legislation. Taken together, the three cases demonstrate the development of the notions of authorship and plagiarism in Venezuelan literature at the turn of the century.
The Birth of a Character
Authors: Zehtabi Sabeti Moqaddam Maryam 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn Iran—as never before in the history of the country—prostitutes gained notorious visibility in twentieth-century Persian literature. Fixation on the image of the prostitute created a wealth of literature beginning in 1924 with the first Persian urban social novel, The Horrible Tehran, by Murtiza Mushfiq Kazimi. Associating prostitution with economic corruption, political and administrative decay, and religious hypocrisy, Iranian male writers directed their attention toward representing the sexually wayward woman. By scrutinizing the image of the prostitute in The Horrible Tehran as well as her inflationary and unparalleled presence in Iranian literature in the early twentieth century, this article not only sheds light on the reasons behind the birth of the prostitute character in the Persian novel but also problematizes the period’s tangled legal, social, and moral attitudes toward female sexuality.
Washnut Seed-Derived Ultrahigh Surface Area Nanoporous Carbons as High Rate Performance Electrode Material for Supercapacitors
Authors: Shrestha Ram Lal , Chaudhary Rashma , Shrestha Rekha Goswami , Shrestha Timila , Maji Subrata , Ariga Katsuhiko , Shrestha Lok Kumar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Hierarchical porous carbon materials with high surface area and large porosity derived from biomass are desired for the sustainable development of low-cost electrode materials for advanced energy storage devices. Here, we report the electrochemical supercapacitance performance of washnut seed-derived nanoporous carbon materials in aqueous electrolyte (1 M H2SO4) on a three-electrode system. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) activation of the pre-carbonized Washnut seed powder at high temperatures (800–1000 °C) under nitrogen atmosphere yielded nanoporous carbons with hierarchical micro- and mesoporous structure with well-developed porosity. The surface areas and pore volumes are found in the range of 2005 to 2185 m2 g−1 and 1.370 to 2.002 cm3 g−1, respectively. The as-prepared materials showed outstanding electrochemical energy storage performance achieving a high specific capacitance of 288.7 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 followed by a high rate capability sustaining 67.2% capacitance even at a high current density of 50 A g−1 with only a small capacity loss (&lt;2%) after 10,000 charging/discharging cycles. This work demonstrates novel insights into low-cost high-performance carbon materials design using natural biomass for the sustainable development of electrode materials for advanced supercapacitor applications.