bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACAPERMULAANANAK MELALUI MEDIA KARTUHURUF DI KELOMPOK B TK KARTIKA XX-46 KENDARI
Authors: Salwiah Salwiah , Asmuddin Asmuddin 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan melalui media kartu huruf di Kelompok B TK Kartika XX-46 Kendari. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan anak didik di Kelompok B TK Kartika XX-46 Kendari yang berjumlah 20 anak didik yang terdiri atas 9 orang anak perempuan dan 11 orang anak laki-laki. Berdasarkan hasil tentang kemampuan membaca permulaan anak melalui media kartu huruf menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan, hal ini dapat dibuktikan pada hasil sebelum tindakan dan sesudah tindakan yang telah melewati standar ketuntasan hasil belajar anak ≥ 75%. Sebelum tindakan diperoleh persentase sebesar 40% dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus I yaitu sebesar 15% sehingga menjadi 65%. Pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan sebesar 20% dari siklus I sehingga menjadi 85%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan membaca permulaan anak di Kelompok B TK Kartika XX-46 Kendari dapat ditingkatkanmelalui media kartu huruf. Kata kunci: Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Anak, Media, Kartu Huruf
PENTINGNYA PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM PENGGUNAAN GADGET PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Sahriana Nanang 
Published: December 2019

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini sangatlah maju. Dengan demikian teknologi juga sangat mempengaruhi perkembangan anak usia dini. Saat ini siapa yang tidak mengenal gadget? Gadget merupakan perangkat elektronik kecil yang memiliki fungsi khusus. Banyak sekali fungsi, manfaat, dan dampak yang terjadi akibat gadget. Fungsi pengetahuan, media sosial, hiburan, game dan masih banyak lagi yang lainnya yang di dapat dari gadget. Perkembangan ini menghadirkan dampak baru bagi generasi muda khususnya bagi anak usia dini. Gadget sangat mudah sekali menarik perhatian dan minat anak dan sudah menjadi hal yang biasa jika anak-anak saja sudah memakai gadget dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Gadget memiliki dampak positif dan negatif, untuk itu peran orang tua sangat penting dalam perkembangan teknologi yang sangat maju di zaman sekarang ini.. Kata kunci: Peran Orang Tua, Teknologi, Gadget, Anak Usia Dini.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF MELALUI KEGIATAN MENGKLASIFIKASI BENDA DALAM TIGA KATEGORI (BENTUK, WARNA DAN UKURAN) DI KELOMPOK B TK NEGERI LALOWARU
Authors: Aisyah Aisyah , Amry Intan Wardany Ranat , Salim Salim 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan kognitif melalui kegiatan mengklasifikasikan benda dalam tiga kategori di TK Negeri Lalowaru Kecamatan Moramo Kabupaten Konawe Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan anak Kelompok B TK Negeri Lalowaru Kecamatan Moramo Kabupaten Konawe Selatan yang berjumlah 15 orang anak laki-laki. Berdasarkan hasil tentang kemampuan kognitif anak melalui kegiatan pengelompokkan benda menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan. Hal ini dapat dibuktikan pada hasil observasi awal diperoleh persentase 27%, pada siklus I diperoleh persentase 53%, dan pada siklus II di peroleh persentase ketuntasan 87%. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan kognitif anak di Kelompok B TK Negeri Lalowaru Kecamatan Moramo Kabupaten Konawe Selatan dapat ditingkatkan melalui kegiatan mengklasifikasikan benda dalam tiga kategori (bentuk, warna dan ukuran). Kata kunci: Kemampuan Kognitif, Mengklasifikasikan Benda, Anak
KEGIATAN MEMBUAT KOLASE DENGAN PASIR BERWARNA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN VISUAL SPASIAL ANAK
Authors: Abubakar Sitti Rahmaniar , Asni Asni 
Published: December 2019

Memperkaya lingkungan belajar anak berarti memberi peluang kepada anak untuk menyatakan diri, berekspresi, berkreasi, dan menggali sumber-sumber terunggul yang tersembunyi dalam diri anak. Alat bermain tidak harus mahal unsur pendidikanlah yang harus diutamakan. Penyampaian materi pembelajaran dengan pendekatan belajar sambil bermain sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip di Taman Kanak-Kanak akan membantu memperlancar serta mempermudah anak dalam memahami serta mengerti tentang materi yang disampaikan oleh pendidik.Dalam kegiatan bermain, khususnya kegiatan kolase menggunakan pasir berwarna dapat meningkatkan berbagai kecerdasan anak salah satunya adalah kecerdasanvisual-spasialnya. Dalam kegiatan kolase anak dapat mencurahkan serta menuangkan semua ide yang ada dalam pikirannya lewat warna dan gambar/pola dari media yang digunakan (pasir berwarna) dan dapat mengembangkan aspek-aspek perkembangan anak baik kognitif, fisik motorik, bahasa, sosial emosional, maupun aspek seni. Kata kunci: Visual-Spasial, Kegiatan Kolase, Pasir Berwarna
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK MELALUI KEGIATAN MENJAHIT DI KELOMPOK B TK ISLAM KEMARAYA KENDARI
Authors: Ranau Rosnawati , Saranani Safiudin 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan motorik halus anak melalui kegiatan menjahit di Kelompok B TK Islam Kemaraya Kendari. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah guru dan anak didik yang berjumlah 14 orang yang terdiri atas 5 orang anak perempuan dan 9 orang anak laki-laki. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan analisis data hasil observasi aktivitas mengajar guru pada siklus I diperoleh persentase ketercapaian sebesar 68,75%, aktivitas belajar anak didik diperoleh persentase ketercapaian sebesar 60% sedangkan hasil belajar anak berupa peningkatan keterampilan motorik halus melalui kegiatan menjahit sebelum dilakukan tindakan sebesar 35,71% anak memperoleh nilai BSB dan BSH kemudian meningkat pada siklus I sebesar 64,29%. Pada siklus II, persentase ketercapaian aktivitas mengajar guru mengalami peningkatan menjadi 87,5%, persentase ketercapaian aktivitas belajar anak didik juga mengalami peningkatan menjadi 86,67% dan hasil belajar anak berupa peningkatan keterampilan motorik halus melalui kegiatan menjahit meningkat sebesar 85,71%.Kata kunci: Keterampilan motorik halus, kegiatan menjahit
Реконструкція напірних ґрунтових дамб та гребель водосховищ у стані критичної фільтрації
Authors: Біскуб П.І. 
Published: December 2019

Багаторічний термін знаходження земляних гребель під постійним напором, кардинально міняє їхню здатність опору фільтраційному потоку через тіло греблі. Моніторинг показує, що збільшення швидкості та обсягу фільтрації, має геометричну прогресію, що є небезпекою настання критичного моменту та розмиву тіла греблі. Важливим фактором такого явища є те що, греблі виконуються дрібнодисперсних грунтів, які з легкістю піддаються вимиву їх часток з тіла греблі. Запропонований метод дає можливість стабілізувати протифільтраційну стійкість грунтової греблі
Врахування макроклімату при проектуванні висотних біокліматичних будівель
Authors: Кривенко О.В. 
Published: December 2019

Для вирішення задач біокліматичної висотної архітектури важливим є врахування кліматичних впливів. У статті на основі узагальнення досвіду будівництва висотних будівель у районах зі складними кліматичними умовами та аналізу досліджень впливу макроклімату при проектуванні запропоновано структурну схему утворення макрокліматичного середовища з визначенням факторів впливу при формуванні висотної біокліматичної архітектури. Надано визначення макрокліматичного середовища як об’єднання природних та антропогенних чинників, що уточнює макрокліматичну характеристику. Зроблено висновок, що дослідження макроклімату надає можливість при проектуванні враховувати комплекс кліматичних параметрів для визначення впливів на висотні біокліматичні будівлі.
Production of biodegradable film from soy protein and essential oil of lemon peel and use it as cheese preservative
Authors: Al-Sahlany Shayma T. G. 
Published: December 2019

Soy protein with essential oil of lemon peel was used to produce a biodegradable film, which showed inhibition activity against some species of selected bacterial strains. The films were white cheese coating and studied for its biodegradation in the soil. The percentage of soy protein extract was 15% (W: W) while the percentage of lemon peel essential oil was 3% (V: W). The GC-MS result of lemon peel essential oil consisted of 38 compounds, of which the main compound is D-Limonene in 63.43%. The films produced showed inhibition activity against both Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria. Inhibition activity was highest against Staphylococcus aureus (22 mm zone), while E. coli O157: H7 had the lowest inhibition (18mm) when 0.1mL of essential oil with 10mL film mixed. The coating process of white cheese reduced the total microbial population (CFU/g) during 30 days of storage time. The TCB, TC, ST and MY of cheese coating were 4.28, 1.53, 1.62 and 1.33 log. CFU/g respectively after 30 days compared to the cheese non-coating samples, with 6.53, 2.51, 3.17 and 1.81 log. CFU/g, respectively. The biodegradation in soil was 97 and 72% for soy protein film and soy protein film with lemon peel essential oil after 35 days.
First Record of the Lessepsian Migrant Smith's Cardinalfish Jaydia smithi Kotthaus, 1970 (Pisces: Apogonidae) from Syrian Marine Waters
Authors: Al-Shawy Firas A. , Lahlah Murhaf M. , Hussein Chirine S. 
Published: December 2019

Five individuals of Smith's cardinalfish Jaydia smithi were collected from Ibn-Hani area, Lattakia, Syria on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. Their morphometric and meristic characteristics are reported. There are several factors which assisted this specimen to reach this area of the Mediterranean; some of these factors might be the marine environment changes and the ballast water. This study reports that Smith's cardinalfish Jaydia smithi, a member of Lessepsian species was found in Syrian marine waters for the first time.
Effect of Bacterial Cell Wall Components on Callus Growth of Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Barhee Propagated Through In vitro
Authors: Attaha Ali H.M. , Abdul-Sada Hussien K. , Al-Mussawii Muna A.Y. 
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted on shoot tip explants of date palm cv. Barhee to investigate effect of bacterial cell wall components on initial callus growth. Three concentrations of bacterial media ( 0.5 and 1.0 and 2.5) v/v were used for growing callus by tissue culture technique . MS media was served as a control treatment.Results showed that all bacterial media treatments increased callus fresh weight and nitrogen concentration of media significantly as compared to that of MS control media. Bacterial media treatment of 2.5 (v/v) gave the highest values of callus fresh weight and nitrogen concentration (518 mg and 3.3089%) respectively, whereas MS control media had the lowest values (193 mg and 0.01%) respectively. There was a significant increase in callus fresh weight at 60 days incubation over that of 30 days incubation. The combination of bacterial media treatment at 2.5 (v/v) and incubation period of 60 days recorded the highest significant increase in callus fresh weight (631 mg), whereas the combination of MS control media treatment and incubation period of 30 days had the lowest value (166 mg) in this respect.
Effect of Various Thawing Times and Temperatures on Frozen Semen Quality in Plastic Straws of Artificial Insemination of Bulls in Iraq
Authors: Al-Edany Asaad H. I. 
Published: December 2019

The present study was designed to determine the best practical method of semen thawing which could be applied to frozen semen of bulls in straw produced by Artificial Insemination Center, Iraq. Frozen semen was thawed at 15°C for 30 sec, 40°C for 10 sec and 50°C for 5 sec. individual motility, live, and dead sperm cells was assessed using light microscope. Results revealed that number, motility, and live of sperm cells, were significantly higher at the 50°C for 5 sec than other thawing temperatures In conclusion, it is recommended to use a temperatures of 50°C for 5 sec and to dissolve the frozen semen because it gave the best quality semen after thawing and easy to utilize in field.
First record of tomato late blight in Basrah province (Short Notes)
Authors: Al-Saad Labeed A. , Al-Yousuf Aqeel A. , Mezaal Mohamed M. 
Published: December 2019

PlaTomato production in Al-Zubair district, Basrah province, Iraq was affected by late blight disease that was not recorded before in this geographical area. The symptoms were firstly appeared in December 2018 in several farms of Al-Zubair district. The infection was spread widely at January 2019 according to the environmental conditions that fitted the development infection. The pathogen was identified morphologically as Phytophthora infestans.
Agroecosystem Management Practices on some Cucumber Plant Parameters using Integrated Fertilization under Green House
Authors: Abdul Rahman Akram M. , Yüksel Allaaddin 
Published: December 2019

This study was conducted in Tainal watershed, Bazian City, west of Sulaimaniyah, north of Iraq (35º57’31’’N, 45º 17’98’’E), the soil fertility was analyzed before the application of kinds of soil biofertilizer like dry yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with two concentrations (5g-L, 10 g-L) of dry yeast. Biofertilizers, organic matter like humic acid and chemical fertilizer for more comparison and water as a control. Results using dry yeast (10 g-L) have significant differences in (P?0.05) on the vegetable parameters, plant height, leaf area, yield, the number of harvest day and the weight of root system. Also the humic acid and biofertilizers have a significant effect (P?0.05). The yeast (10 g/L) have significant differences on (P?0.05) on yield (1.3 ton/ha) comparing with control of 48.73 kg/5 m2, and the total leaf area of 1.5 m2 comparing with the control 1.16 m2. The experiment was performed as factorial with randomized completely block design (R.C.B.D) on Cucumber plant type of (SAIF F1) with three replicates; each unit from the 18 unite (plot) contained 18 cucumber plant. The data were analyzed by using XLSTAT program statistically analyst.
Occurrence of whirling disease symptoms in cultured common carp in Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Al-Nowfal Ebtihal K.J. , Khamees Najim R. , Al-Haroon Sawsan S. 
Published: December 2019

A total of 128 fish samples including 70 Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758, 10 Leuciscus vorax (Heckel, 1843), 40 Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864) and eight Planiliza abu (Heckel, 1843) were collected during the period from November 2016 to May 2017. Seven different localities (floating cages, earthen ponds and natural water) in Basrah were investigated. Among some detected fish diseases, whirling disease symptoms was reported for the first time in Iraq in April 2017, from two C. carpio cultured in earthen fish ponds of Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah. The infested fish were dwarfed, with abnormal big head and small body. Grossly signs of the diseases represent fins and tail deformities in addition to open ulcers and losing of scales, and necrosis of skin and muscles. Internally, fish suffered of muscles ecchymosis and vertebral deformities. Histological sections revealed that the spinal cord had healthy structure.
Extraction and Characterization of Pectin from Dragon Fruit (Hylocerens polyrhizus) Peel Using Different Concentration of Ammonium Oxalate
Authors: Hashim Alia Z. 
Published: December 2019

The study was focused on the red dragon fruit (Hylocerens polyrhizus) peel which can be used as a source of pectin .The physicochemical properties were studied moisture, protein, fat, ash, total soluble solid TSS, pH and titratable acidity TA .Using three different concentration of ammonium oxalate 0.5 ,1 ,2 gm. At pH 4.9, temperature 90 ?C, time 90 min to extract pectin. Highest yield with about 0.5 gm. Concentration ammonium oxalate was 26.64% following 23.75%, 15.88% yields at concentration 1 and 2 gm. ammonium oxalate .There were significant differences in yields at (p< 0.05). Characterization of the extracted pectin in terms of equivalent weight, methoxyl content, degree of esterification, an hydrouronic acid AUA, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR, viscosity, setting times were studied. Based on the value of methoxyl content 2.54% and degree esterification pectin can be categorized as low methoxyl.
Evaluation of raw and fermented water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) incorporated diets on growth and feed efficiency of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Sayed-Lafi Raad M. , Al-Tameemi Riyadh A. , Gowdet Ali I. 
Published: December 2019

The evaluation of raw and fermented water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms as dietary ingredient for young grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (Val, 1844) was carried out by adding 20% of each of the alternative ingredients separately to the control diet to completely compensate barley, a portion of wheat bran and 20% of fish meal. Results indicated that all growth and feed efficiency parameters among treatments were similar and there were no significant difference (p>0.05) in specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and protein productive value (PPV) of fish fed any of the diets. The diet containing fermented water hyacinth (WF) was found to be more efficiently utilized by fish and of highest digestibility values for all nutrients, which indicated that the digestibility was stimulated by incorporation of fermented water hyacinth. The raw water hyacinth diet (WR) produced significantly (p<0.05) highest satiation level associated with lowest digestible energy. Evacuation rate was not affected significantly (p>0.05) by the inclusion of raw or fermented water hyacinth to the diets. The protein, lipid and ash levels in carcass were higher in fishes fed the control diet (C). In conclusion, incorporation of raw or fermented water hyacinth up to 20% level was found to be suitable and there were no adverse effects on the growth and feed efficiency of experimental fishes.
Growth parameters of common carp Cyprinus carpio cultivated in semi- closed system
Authors: Taher Majid M. , Al-Dubakel Adel Y. , Muhammed Sadiq J. 
Published: December 2019

Growth parameters of common carp Cyprinus carpio were investigated in 13 plastic tanks (550 cm diameter and 130 cm depth) of semi-closed system at Abu Al- Khaseeb District, Basrah from 27 October to 17 December, 2016. Number of fishes in every tank was 1300 with an average initial weight 101.9 g. Fishes were fed at a ratio of 5% on sinking pelleted food manufactured in Basrah University factory with 25% protein ratio. Results of current study exhibited highest final weight (381.1 g) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 1 and lowest (326.3 g) in tank number 2. Average fish weight increments for 13 tanks were 248.2 g, with highest weight increment (266.5 g) achieved by fishes reared in tanks 6 and 11, while lowest (222.3 g) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 7. Result also appeared average daily growth of 4.87 g/day, with highest (5.22 g/day) achieved by fishes reared in tanks 6 and 11 and lowest (4.36 g/day) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 7. Average specific growth rate for 13 tanks was 2.44 %/day, with highest (3.10 %/day) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 3 and lowest (1.99 %/day) achieved in tank number 1. Average food conversion rate (FCR) for 13 tanks was 2.12, with highest (2.55) achieved by fishes reared in tanks number 1 and lowest (1.74) achieved by fishes reared in tank number 3.
Structure, mode of action and application of pediocin natural antimicrobial food preservative: A review
Authors: Niamah Alaa K. 
Published: December 2019

Pediocin is a low molecular weight (2.7-17 KDa) cationic molecules compose of a hydrophilic N-terminal part containing the pediocin box (YGNGV) motif and a hydrophobic or amphiphilic C-terminal variable part which is produced by some of Pediococcus bacteria. Pediocin has inhibition properties against several sensitive bacterial cells and acts on the cytoplasmic membrane during pores formation. Pediocin intervenes with the absorption of amino acids in phospholipids of cytoplasmic membrane from target cells. The pediocin molecule has unique properties such as the thermostability and detaining of activity at a wide pH values and resistance to some proteases enzymes. Pediocin has inhibition activity against many food spoilage bacteria and pathogenic bacteria including several bacterial genera such as Listeria, Clostridium, Bacillus, Aeromonas, Staphylocoocus, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus. This review will assist in learning the challenges that yet require to attention to apply pediocin in food industries as food preservative.
Assessment of Shatt Al-Arab River Water Quality by Using Palmer's Algal Index, Basrah, Iraq
Authors: Al-Kanani Hussam M. , Al-Essa Saleh A.K. 
Published: December 2019

Monthly Algal samples were collected from selected three sampling station of Shatt Al-Arab River from August 2016 to July 2017. The most pollution tolerant genera and species of four groups of algae were recorded from three sites of the river.Palmer (1969) Algal Genus pollution index and Algal species pollution index were employed to study the water quality of Shatt Al-Arab River. The total score of Algal Genus pollution index of station 1, 2 and 3 were 21, 24 and 21 respectively. While total score from the Algal species pollution index at station (1) was 18, station (2) was 21, While at station (3) was 17 recorded from Shatt Al-Arab River. The total score of each station was greater than 20 indicating the confirmed high organic pollution. The present study showed that the water quality of Shatt Al-Arab River was affected from domestic uses at the downstream of the river.
Comparison between the performance of a movable boards ditch opener and conventional ditch opener in cultivated and uncultivated soils Part 1: The draft force
Authors: Aday Shaker H. , Al-Muthafar Yarub W. 
Published: December 2019

The draft force of the movable boards ditch opener (MB) was compared with that of the conventional ditch opener (CD). The parameters of the experiments were three operating depths (30, 40 and 50 cm), three angles between the boards of MB (45, 60 and 75º), the angle of the boards of CD was constant (65º), three wings widths of the foot of MB whereas, one share width (35cm) for CD and two soil types (cultivated and uncultivated soils). The texture of soils was silty clay. The results showed that MB can penetrate the soil to the required depth easily and its draft force requirements were lower than that for CD for all operating depths, angle between the boards and in the cultivated and in uncultivated soils. Whereas, CD could not penetrate the soil more than 25cm in the uncultivated soil that its draft force higher than that for MB for operating depth of 30 and 40 cm and for all angles between the boards but the contrary occurred with operating depth of 50cm. The draft force requirement of MB increased slightly with the angle between the boards but it MB increased considerably with increasing wings width of the foot. However, the wings of MB required less draft force than the share of CD which its width was 35 cm (constant width). MB surpassed CD in the field performance, it required less draft force and it could penetrate the soils easily.