bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Confidence Levels to Quantify the Uncertainty in Management Range Forecasts
Authors: Hribar Paul , Huseman Olivia , Melessa Samuel 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
We use statistical properties of interval forecasts to show that management range forecast width is a function of two distinct factors: uncertainty about future earnings and the statistical confidence level (i.e., the ex ante likelihood that earnings will fall within the forecasted bounds). Conceptually, the notion of forecast confidence levels is missing from the management forecast literature. To demonstrate the importance of confidence levels when interpreting forecast widths, we develop a measure of the implied confidence level associated with each forecast and show that confidence levels, as opposed to uncertainty, explain the majority of variation in widths. We also identify several managerial traits and incentives that affect forecast widths through confidence levels. Finally, we show that conditioning width on confidence levels improves forecast width as a measure of uncertainty about future earnings. Our study demonstrates the importance of confidence levels for understanding the information content of forecasts widths.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: G41; M21; M40; M41.
NIL: Residency Matters
Authors: Busch Joel M. , Chen Caroline 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
In 2021, NCAA v. Alston gave student athletes the opportunity to compensation for their name, image, and likeness (NIL).1 Then, in 2024, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Power Conferences2 settled antitrust cases for $2.8 billion and 22 percent of Power Conferences’ average revenues.3 This paper overviews legal aspects of student athlete rights and income tax residency presumption rules and addresses the impact of NIL on students, practitioners, and state tax agencies.
Association Between Glycemia, Glycemic Variability, and Pregnancy Complications in Early GDM
Authors: Immanuel Jincy , Cheung N. Wah , Mohajeri Mahta , Simmons Daniel J. , Hague William M. , Teede Helena , Nolan Christopher J. , Peek Michael J. , Flack Jeff R. , McLean Mark , Wong Vincent , Hibbert Emily J. , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Harreiter Jürgen , Backman Helena , Gianatti Emily , Sweeting Arianne , Mohan Viswanathan , Simmons David ,   TOBOGM Research Group, Simmons David , Hague William , Teede Helena , Cheung Wah , Nolan Christopher , Peek Michael , Flack Jeff , McLean Mark , Wong Vincent , Hibbert Emily , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Harreiter Jürgen , Backman Helena , Gianatti Emily , Sweeting Arianne , Mohan V. , Shwarz Eric , Ross Glynis , Ram Uma , Rajagopal Rohit , Dalal Raiyomand , Padmanabhan Suja , Rudland Victoria , Mohan Anjana Ranjit , Coat Suzette , Kiss Herbert , Soldatos Georgia , Immanuel Jincy 
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association of timing of commencing glucose management with glycemia, glycemic variability, and pregnancy outcomes among women with early gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this substudy among participants of a trial of immediate vs. delayed treatment of early GDM diagnosed by 2013 World Health Organization criteria, all women treated immediately and those with delayed diagnosis at 24–28 weeks’ gestation (treated as if late GDM) were instructed to monitor capillary blood glucose (BG) four times a day (fasting and 2-h postprandial) until delivery. Optimal glycemia was defined as ≥95% of BG measurements between 70 and 140 mg/dL (3.9–7.8 mmol/L).

RESULTS
Overall, 107,716 BG values were obtained from 329 of 549 (59.9%) women (mean age 32.3 ± 4.9 years, BMI 32.0 ± 8.0 kg/m2, 35% European, gestation at GDM diagnosis 15.2 ± 2.4 weeks). Women treated early (n = 213) showed lower mean glucose (MG) and mean fasting glucose (MFG) compared with those treated late (n = 116) (MG: 5.7 ± 0.4 vs. 5.9 ± 0.5, P &lt; 0.001; MFG: 5.2 ± 0.3 vs. 5.3 ± 0.4, P = 0.004), with greater optimal glycemia (74.6% vs. 59.5%, P = 0.006) and similar glycemic variability. MG was similar from 30 weeks’ gestation. Overall, optimal glycemia was achieved in 69% of women and associated with lower birth weight, fewer large-for-gestational-age infants (14.4% vs. 26.7%, P = 0.01), more small-for-gestational-age infants (15.3% vs. 5.9%, P = 0.02), and lower gestational weight gain (4.9 ± 6.4 vs. 7.6 ± 6.2 kg, P = 0.001). Suboptimal glycemia was associated with non-European ethnicity, prior GDM, 1-h glucose at booking oral glucose tolerance test, and insulin use.

CONCLUSIONS
Both early and delayed treatment of early GDM resulted in similar glycemia toward the end of pregnancy. Early treatment was associated with improved glycemia overall.
Pelatihan SPSS Bagi Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir Universitas Graha Karya Muara Bulian
Authors: Varina Firna , Sophia Sophia , Harimurti Sri , Lamefa Dina Yuliasty 
Published: December 2024

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan pengetahuan mahasiswa Progam Studi Agribisnis Universitas Graha Karya Muara Bulian dalam melakukan manajemen data hasil penelitian, mengolah dan menganalisis data menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS. Peserta dalam kegiatan PkM ini sebanyak 16 mahasiswa. Metode yang dilaksanakan berupa workshop selama satu hari pada tanggal 28 Nopember 2023, bertempat di Ruang Laboratorium Komputer Universitas Graha karya Muara Bulian dengan melalui tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Dalam mengukur keberhasilan workshop ini dilakukan pengukuran pre-test dan post-test. Hasilnya menujukkan bahwa workshop ini mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilam mahasiswa Program Studi Agribisnis Universitas Graha Karya Muara Bulian terhadap penggunaan SPSS dalam mengolah data statistik
Effects of chemical and organic fertilizer combinations on bioactive compounds and macro-micro nutrients in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits
Authors: Ekincialp Aytekin 
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to identify strategies that are conducive to both sustainable and high-yielding horticulture, with a focus on minimizing ecological damage by reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers. Sumo F1 bell pepper variety was used in an open-field experiment. The effect of three distinct fertilizer types (earthworm vermicompost Yaşa Tarım, organomineral fertilizer Hektaş, chemical fertilizer Gübretaş) and their respective combinations on biochemical, nutrient and color parameters of bell pepper fruits was evaluated. It was observed that biochemical values and nutrient levels were higher in treatments with vermicompost at 25, 50, 75 and 100% rates. The highest levels of organic acids (malic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid), polyphenols (chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid), total antioxidants, and nutrient elements (phosphorus, potassium, zinc) were obtained in treatments without chemical fertilizer. The results show that the use of organomineral fertilizer, especially vermicompost, plays a role in reducing the dependence on chemical fertilizer in bell pepper cultivation.
LOF-RF-based anomaly data detection method for power cables
Authors: Jiao Yuyang , Liu Qing , Li Guang , Xiong Yiduo , Guo Tian , Zhou Yi , Wang Tingting 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Anomaly detection methods for cable condition data currently encounter issues such as single consideration. This study presents an anomaly detection approach for power cables based on local outlier factor (LOF) and random forest (RF), designed to enhance the accuracy and reliability of anomaly identification. The method rapidly identifies cable anomaly data by analyzing the spatial and temporal characteristics of cable state data. The approach’s effectiveness is validated through experiments on characterization data from two cables in Beijing, comparing it with existing anomaly detection algorithms. Results indicate that the method achieves high precision and recall in detecting cable anomalies.
Ophthalmic Changes in Astronauts: A Current Understanding
Authors: Cogswell Finn 
Published: December 2024

Summary
This paper provides a brief review of the literature on ophthalmic abnormalities commonly experienced by astronauts, and introduces issues that they present for future spaceflight. Together known as the Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS), these changes in ocular structure and visual function have been widely reported in astronauts both during and following long-duration spaceflights. With several such spaceflights planned for the near future, extensive research is taking place to further understand the aetiologies of SANS so that ophthalmic complications in astronauts may be mitigated.
Workforce Diversity: A Spotlight on Employee Sustainability Excellence in India
Authors: AISWARYA Balachandar , RAMASUNDARAM Gurusamy , SUDHA Paulin , POONDY Rajan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This research paper explores a crucial yet often underestimated nexus: the relationship between workforce diversity and employee sustainability in the vibrant television media industry. Through an indepth examination of diverse dimensions such as age, gender, culture, and socio-behavioral factors, it illuminates how these elements intricately influence the long-term viability of employees within this rapidly evolving sector. The paper's standout feature lies in its rigorous statistical analyses, which uncover the nuanced connections between workforce diversity and employee sustainability. By grounding its findings in empirical evidence, the paper transcends mere conjecture, offering a robust framework for comprehending and tackling this pressing issue. Moreover, the spotlight on the Indian media industry brings a unique perspective, given its extraordinary growth trajectory and substantial economic impact. Readers stand to gain invaluable insights into the dynamics of diversity within this context, potentially yielding transferable lessons and strategies for other industries and regions. In its culmination, the paper presents a synthesis of actionable recommendations and conclusive insights, serving as a practical guide for organizations seeking to harness diversity as a catalyst for long-term employee sustainability. With its blend of academic rigor and real-world relevance, this paper is indispensable reading for industry practitioners, policymakers, and scholars alike.
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in Erbil, Iraq
Authors: Chalabi K. 
Published: December 2024

Summary

Background
Infections with intestinal parasites are the major cause of infectious disease globally and have been described as a public health issue in developing countries.

Objective
This study aimed to determine prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their associated factors among the population of Erbil province in Iraq over the period 2011–2021.

Methods
The results of 614455 stool examinations of all public health facilities of the province were collected from the register in the directorate of preventive health affairs and the data were analyzed.

Result
The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was 4.24 % in the province. The total number of reported cases of intestinal parasites decreased from 4352 for 2011 to 1728 for 2018 and then increased to 2014 cases for 2021. Nearly half of the intestinal parasitic infections were detected among age group of 15 to 44 years. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was higher in males (65.73 %) than females (34.27 %). The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was 9 0.47 % for protozoan infections, while the rate of helminth infection was lower (9 .53 %). Entamoeba histolytica/dispar were the most common parasite (60.92 %) followed by Giardia lamblia (29.54 %) and Enterobius vermicularis (8.56 %). Prevalence of infection with intestinal parasites was lowest in March and highest in February.

Conclusion
In spite of that intestinal parasitic infection rates appear to be decreasing, intestinal parasitic infection remains an important health problem in the province. Therefore, there is still a need for prevention efforts in the community.
Descripción clínica y tratamiento del trastorno del espectro autista: una revisión teórica
Authors: Arana-Medina Claudia Marcela , García-Peña John Jairo 
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar el trastorno del espectro autista teniendo en cuenta sus características neurocognitivas, según los manuales diagnósticos estadísticos para las enfermedades mentales, y en particular profundizar en el tratamiento a partir de los diversos modelos de intervención descritos teóricamente en los últimos veinte años. El estudio se efectuó tras una revisión documental de diferentes enfoques conceptuales y clínicos sobre la etiología e intervención de este síndrome. Se resaltan los procedimientos psicoeducativos, dado que es un problema de interés actual de la neuropsicología y la psicopedagogía. Como conclusión, se evidencia no sólo la necesidad de mostrar el estado del arte del trastorno, sino poner a discusión la obligatoriedad de desarrollar y probar protocolos integrales e interdisciplinares para su tratamiento.

Recibido: 13/02/2023Aceptado: 11/10/2023
ANÁLISE DO EFEITO ANTIOXIDANTE HEPÁTICO DA MACROALGA Kappaphycus alvarezii ADICIONADA NA DIETA
Authors: Venâncio Stefany de Mira , Schroeder Gabriela Sangalli , Valentini Fernanda Danieli Antoniazzi , Petrolli Rafaella Rossetto , Terranova Izabel Carolina Bousfield , Petrolli Tiago Goulart , Milarch Carine de Freitas 
Published: December 2024

A fitoterapia está presente na sociedade desde os tempos primórdios com as primeiras descobertas sobre plantas e ervas que eram usadas para o tratamento de patologias diversas. Dentro deste contexto, a macroalga Kappaphycus alvarezii destaca-se por sua composição rica em alcalóides, glicosídeos, flavonóides, esteróides e compostos fenólicos e assim, torna-se uma candidata em potencial para análise dos efeitos de compostos fitoquímicos na ação antioxidante hepática, objetivo do presente estudo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa experimental com abordagem quantitativa, que foi realizada em 2 experimentos para melhor avaliação dos extratos vegetais obtidos da macroalga em estudo. No experimento I, os extratos da alga foram obtidos e testados para capacidade antioxidante total e compostos fenólicos. Após a escolha dos extratos de composição em destaque, foi realizado o experimento II, onde os extratos da alga foram adicionados na ração de O. niloticus (~10,32 ± 7,54 g; 5 ± 3,5 cm), distribuídos em 5 grupos (n=6), em duplicata, sendo 5 tratamentos com diferentes concentrações dos extratos escolhidos e 1 grupo controle, contendo apenas a dieta basal. Nesse contexto, após 30 dias de experimento, foram preparadas amostras de fígado para avaliar enzimas antioxidantes (superóxido dismutase e glutationa-S-transferase) e danos às proteínas (carbonilação protéica) e ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS). Diante do exposto, considerando que o fígado é um órgão complexo e de extrema importância para a homeostase corporal, nota-se que a introdução de extratos de alga na dieta promoveu o potencial antioxidante hepático ocasionando possível redução de radicais livres.
Rehabilitation Following Repairs of the PCL, MCL, and Medial Meniscus Root in a Collegiate Football Player
Authors: Joreitz Rick , Lott Ariana , Hughes Jonathan , Herrman Elizabeth , Musahl Volker 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Little evidence exists regarding the return-to-sport outcomes of American football players following multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs), specifically following an injury that does not include the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). CASE PRESENTATION: The patient is a 22-year-old American football offensive lineman, who sustained posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and medial meniscus root tears. OUTCOME AND FOLLOW-UP: The patient underwent surgery to repair the PCL, MCL, and medial meniscus root tears. The patient completed physical therapy and was able to return to his prior level of function, playing collegiate football 11 months after surgery. DISCUSSION: This case highlights the decision-making process of the sports medicine team regarding the diagnosis and management of the acute injury and details the surgical, rehabilitation, and return-to-sport processes following an MLKI that does not include the ACL. JOSPT Cases 2025;5(1):1-11. Epub 12 December 2024. doi:10.2519/josptcases.2024.0075
СОЗРЕВАНИЕ ООЦИТОВ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА МОДИФИКАЦИЯ МЕТОДИКИПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ РЕКОМБИНАНТНОГО ФОЛЛИКУЛОСТИМУЛИРУЮЩЕГО ГОРМОНА ЧЕЛОВЕКА
Authors: И. Г. Сметанина , Л. В. Татаринова , А.С. Кривохарченко 
Published: December 2024

Цель работы - изучить эффективность созревания ооцитов крупного рогатого скота in vitro в безбелковой среде MEM-α, дополненной двумя различными препаратами фолликулостимулирующего гормона (полученного из свиных гипофизов и рекомбинантного человеческого ФСГ). Критерием успешного созревания считали способность ооцитов после оплодотворения развиваться до стадии морулы-бластоцисты и бластоцисты. Показано, что ооциты, созревавшие в присутствии рекомбинантного человеческого гормона, лучше развивались до стадии морулы-бластоцисты (в процентах от дробившихся эмбрионов), и этот эффект сохранялся при развитии до стадии бластоцисты. Заключили, что рекомбинантный ФСГ человека может использоваться для созревания ооцитов крупного рогатого скота in vitro наравне с “классическим” гормоном, полученным из свиных гипофизов.
The aim was to study the efficiency of maturation of bovine oocytes in vitro in a protein-free medium MEM-alfa supplemented by two various preparations of follicle stimulating hormone, isolated from pig pituitary glands and recombinant. The development of in vitro maturated and fertilized oocytes to morula-blastocyst stage and to blastocyst stage was considered as criterion of successful maturation. It has been shown that oocytes matured in the presence of recombinant human hormone developed better to the morula-blastocyst stage (as a percentage of divided embryos), and this effect was maintained during development to the blastocyst stage. It was concluded that recombinant human FSH can be used for the maturation of cattle oocytes in vitro along with the “classical” hormone obtained from porcine pituitary glands.
Генетическая изменчивость и функциональные различия толл - подобных рецепторов (обзор)
Authors: Новак К. , Калашников А.Е. , Калашникова Л.А. , Ялуга В.Л. , Селькова И.В. , Захаров В.М. 
Published: December 2024

Исследование генетических факторов, влияющих на состояние здоровья высокопродуктивных животных, может открыть новые пути решения в борьбе с болезнями, вызываемых микробными и вирусными патогенами. Структурное разнообразие толл-подобных рецепторов (TLR), как наиболее часто исследуемых факторов врождённого иммунитета, изучается у всех основных видов животных. Основные разделы обзора: генетическое разнообразие TLR; значение сведений о полиморфизме TLR для успешной борьбы с болезнями животных; перспективы изучения TLR в селекции животных. Выявленные частоты и группировки гаплотипов отдельных полиморфизмов TLR используются для отслеживания происхождения этих изменений как независимых индикаторов функциональных изменений. Выявлены варианты TLR, ассоциированные с маститом и микобактериальными инфекциями у крупного рогатого скота, поэтому применение данных генотипирования при разведении может быть использовано в программах селекции животных на устойчивость к болезням. Выявленные ассоциативные закономерности указывают на то, что повышение врождённой устойчивости возможно для большого числа видов животных. Поэтому традиционные породы и аборигенные популяции животных следует рассматривать как ресурсы генетического разнообразия, применимые для выведения новых пород животных, устойчивых к заболеваниям и влиянию производственных факторов.
ABSTRACT. The exploitation of the genetic factors affecting the health status of farm animals represents an alternative approach to controlling the diseases caused by microbial pathogens. The determination of innate immunity based on the genotype of the germplasm cells is a constraint for specificity but becomes an advantage in breeding schemes. The structural deviations among Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as the most frequently studied innate immunity components, have been documented at all levels, i.e., interspecific, inter- and intravarietal, in the main farm species. The current computational methods facilitate the prediction of the functional consequences of the observed mutations. Subsequently, these predictions can be verified through immunological responsiveness and population-wide association studies. The frequency and haplotype grouping of individual polymorphisms are used to track the origin and selection coefficient as independent indicators of functional changes. The Toll-like receptor variants associated with mastitis and mycobacterial infection have been identified in cattle, consequently, the targeting of these proteins in breeding could contribute to disease control. The range of infections affected by TLR polymorphisms suggests that the improvement of innate resistance is feasible in more species. Thus, the traditional breeds and wild populations should be regarded as the resources of genetic variability accessible for these purposes.
МОНИТОРИНГ АЛЛЕЛОФОНДА ГРУПП КРОВИ ГОЛШТИНИЗИРОВАННОЙ ЧЁРНО-ПЕСТРОЙ ПОРОДЫ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА
Authors: Шаталина О.С. , Ярышкин А.А. , Лешонок О.И. 
Published: December 2024

На основе мониторинга аллелофонда групп крови у современных пород высокопродуктивного молочного скота можно осуществлять отбор селекционного материала с последующим закреплением удачных сочетаний на большом поголовье потомков. Цель исследования – изучить особенности аллелофонда у коров голштинизированной чёрно-пестрой породы крупного рогатого скота и его изменения в период 2013-2018 г.р. на трёх племенных предприятиях Свердловской области (Патруши, Белореченский и Глинский). Определение аллелофонда ЕАВ-системы групп крови проведено с использованием гемолитических тестов; животные были аттестованы по группам крови и по происхождению (n=1812). Рассчитана частота встречаемости каждого аллеля, унаследованного по отцовской, материнской линии и по аллелофонду в целом. Выявлено, что маркерами голштинизированной чёрно-пестрой породы являются аллели G2Y2E'1Q' и I2. Данные аллели имели наибольшую частоту встречаемости со стороны и отца, и матери; частота встречаемости превышала 10% и в отдельных случаях достигала 45%. Количество аллелей со стороны отца составило 19-21 на популяцию племенного предприятия, и со стороны матери – 20-22. Спектр неинформативных аллелей варьирует от трех до 13 аллелей на популяцию.
ABSTRACT. Based on the monitoring of the allele pool of blood groups in modern breeds of highly productive dairy cattle, it is possible to select breeding material with subsequent consolidation of successful combinations on a large number of descendants. The aim of the work was to study the features of the allele pool in cows of the Holsteinized Black-and-White breed of cattle and its changes in the period of 2013-2018 at three breeding enterprises of the Sverdlovsk oblast. Determination of the allele pool of the EAB system of blood groups was carried out using hemolytic tests; the animals were certified by blood groups and origin (n=1812). The frequency of occurrence of each allele inherited from the paternal, maternal and allele pool as a whole was calculated. It was revealed that the G2Y2E'1Q' and I2 alleles are markers of the Holsteinized Black-and-White breed. These alleles have the highest frequency of occurrence on the part of both the father and the mother; the frequency of occurrence exceeded 10% and in some cases reached 45%. The number of alleles from the father's side was 19-21 per population of the breeding enterprise, and from the mother's side –20-22. The spectrum of non-informative alleles varies from 3 to 13 alleles per population.