bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Education and income-based inequality in tooth loss among Brazilian adults: does the place you live make a difference?
Authors: Ferreira Raquel , Senna Maria Inês Barreiros , Rodrigues Lorrany Gabriele , Campos Fernanda Lamounier , Martins Andrea Maria Eleuterio de Barros Lima , Kawachi Ichiro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Socioeconomic inequalities in tooth loss might be minimized or potentialized by the characteristics of the context where people live. We examined whether there is contextual variation in socioeconomic inequalities in tooth loss across Brazilian municipalities. Methods: Data from the 2010 National Oral Health Survey of 9,633 adults living in 157 Brazilian municipalities were used. The individual socioeconomic indicators were education and household income. At the municipal level, we used the Municipal Human Development Index (HDI) as our contextual indicator of socioeconomic status (low:<0.699 versus high: >0.70). The Relative (RII) and Slope (SII) Indexes of Inequality, Relative (RCI), and Absolute (ACI) Concentration Indexes were calculated to compare the magnitude of education and income-based inequalities among municipalities with low versus high HDI. Multilevel Poisson regression models with random intercepts and slopes were developed. Results: At the individual level, adults with lower education & income reported more tooth loss. The mean number of missing teeth was 9.52 (95%CI: 7.93-11.13) and 6.95 (95%CI: 6.43-7.49) in municipalities with low and high HDI, respectively. Municipalities with high HDI showed higher relative and absolute education-based inequality. For income-based inequalities, higher SII and RCI was observed in municipalities with lower HDI. A significant cross-level interaction indicated that high-education adults reported fewer missing teeth when they lived in municipalities with high HDI compared to adults with the same education level living in low HDI municipalities. For individuals with the lowest education level, there was no difference in the number of teeth between those from municipalities with high and low HDI.Conclusions: There was a social gradient in tooth loss by education and income. Living in disadvantaged municipalities cannot overcome the risk associated with low schooling. The protective effect of higher education can be reduced when people live in disadvantaged areas.
Relationship between social support status and mortality in a community-based population: a prospective observational study (Yamagata study)
Authors: Uzuki Tsutomu , Konta Tsuneo , Saito Ritsuko , Sho Ri , Osaki Tsukasa , Souri Masayoshi , Watanabe Masafumi , Ishizawa Kenichi , Yamashita Hidetoshi , Ueno Yoshiyuki , Kayama Takamasa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Social support, defined as the exchange of support in social relationships, plays a vital role in maintaining healthy behavior and mitigating the effects of stressors. This study investigated whether functional aspect of social support is related to 5-year mortality in health checkup participants. Methods: This study recruited 16,651 subjects (6,797 males, 9,854 females). Social support was evaluated using five-component questions: Do you have someone 1) whom you can consult when you are in trouble? 2) whom you can consult when your physical condition is not good? 3) who can help you with daily homework? 4) who can take you to hospital when you don’t feel well? and 5) who can take care of you when you are ill in bed? The association between the component of social support and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was examined using Cox proportional hazard analysis. Results: The percentage of subjects without social support components was 7.7%-15.0%. They were more likely to be male, non-elderly, and living alone. During the follow-up period, there were 166 all-cause and 38 cardiovascular deaths. Cox proportional analysis adjusted for confounders showed that only the lack of support for transportation to hospital was significantly associated with all-cause (hazard ratio [HR] 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-3.05) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 3.30, 95% CI 1.41-6.87). These associations were stronger in males than females. Conclusion: This study showed that the lack of social support for transportation to the hospital was independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a community-based population.
Extreme geomagnetic activities: A statistical study
Authors: Kataoka Ryuho 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Statistical distributions are investigated for magnetic storms, sudden commencements (SCs), and substorms to identify the possible amplitude of the one in 100-year and 1000-year events from a limited data set of less than 100 years. The lists of magnetic storms and SCs are provided from Kakioka Magnetic Observatory, while the list of substorms are obtained from SuperMAG. It is found that majorities of events essentially follow the log-normal distribution, as expected from the random output from a complex system. However, it is uncertain that largest-amplitude events follow the same log-normal distributions, and rather follow the power-law distributions. Based on the statistical distributions, the probable amplitudes of the 100-year (1000-year) events can be estimated for magnetic storms, SCs, and substorms as approximately 750 nT (1100 nT), 230 nT (450 nT), and 5000 nT (6200 nT), respectively. The possible origin to cause the statistical distributions are also discussed, consulting the other space weather phenomena such as solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and solar energetic particles.
Cerebral fat embolization with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity syndrome and septic shock at high altitude: A case report and literature review
Authors: Li Min , Zhu Gang , Guo Hao , Ge Shun Nan , Gao Guo Dong , Qu Yan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Cerebral fat embolism (CFE) syndrome at high altitude was rare complicated with paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) syndrome and septic shock. It is a challenge to differential diagnosis and treatment at high altitude. Case presentation This case presents a CFE with PSH and septic shock of a 23-year-old man occurred at high altitude of 3800 meters above sea level, transferred by airplane successfully and cured in the department of neurosurgery, Xi`an Tangdu Hospital.Conclusions It is key that CFE with PSH can be rapid diagnosed and treatment bundles of septic shock should be initiated as soon as possible. Early neurological rehabilitation played an important role for good outcome.
Post-Occupancy Evaluation of a University Shopping Mall Facility
Authors: AHMED Wahhaj , HASSANAIN Mohammad A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Post-occupancy evaluation (POE) is a performance assessment methodology, which can be applied to determine the level of user satisfaction with any given facility. Since university shopping malls could have an impact on the students’ academic experience and well-being, it is of paramount significance that university shopping mall facilities are designed and operated to the highest standards. The Extensive literature review highlighted the lack of POE studies for assessing the quality of shopping mall facilities. This study aims at addressing this gap, by presenting the findings of an investigative POE of a university shopping mall facility. The Literature review was conducted pertaining to the technical and functional performance requirements of shopping malls. Twenty-nine performance indicators were identified for shopping mall facilities. These were grouped under five categories, namely building performance, safety and security, proximity and accessibility, space planning and layout, and mall services. A questionnaire survey was developed based on the identified performance indicators. The survey was administered to obtain the students’ feedback on the university shopping mall facility. In addition, a walkthrough tour of the mall facility was performed to identify issues, which can be immediately recognized. Finally, a plan of action was developed to improve the performance of the shopping mall facility. The study is beneficial to planners, architects and facilities managers of such facilities.
The Concept of Smart City in Terms of Improving the Quality and Accessibility of Urban Space for the Elderly; Literature Review
Authors: SZEWCZENKO Anna 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of literature review concerned with the possibilities of using ICT for creating a new dimension of accessibility and quality of space. The aim of conducted research was to indicate the main strategies and use ICT as a contribution to the quality of life of the elderly. The article refers to the idea of age-friendly city in connection with the Smart City. As the method a systematic literature review was used, based on the available scientific databases. The results shows that the largest part of project activities in this area involves the use of Internet of Things infrastructure in the field of healthcare and for care services as well as for the maintenance of elderly’s social contacts. Therefore, the concept of Smart City offers the elderly residents many options to compensate for psychophysical dysfunctions and related with them limitations in social life, however, it demands parallel education to develop digital competences for older people.
Approach to Assessing the Consequences of Emergencies in Sewer Tunnels
Authors: STARKOVA Olha , ALEINIKOVA Alevtyna , BONDARENKO Dmitro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper deals with the approach to assessing the consequences of emergencies in sewer tunnels based on multicriteria analysis. A detailed analysis was performed of tendencies of research interests and areas in the world concerning the issue of the reliability of sewer networks. The main causes of deterioration of sewer tunnels resulting in the occurrence of emergencies were identified. A classification was proposed of the factors of their deterioration according to the following groups: production factors; factors of durability of materials of linear portions of a network; organizational and technological factors; operational factors; factors of the external operating environment. The main groups of consequences caused by emergencies were classified; in particular, the following groups were identified: ecological, economic, technical, social, innovative. The method was proposed for determining ranks of consequences of an emergency by means of the corresponding scale of ranks developed by the authors and the system of their determination. The main criteria and the range of their values were determined according to which an assessment is given and a rank is determined according to the emergency.
Isolation and Screening of Bacteria with Ability to Decolorize Selected Synthetic Dyes – Preliminary Results
Authors: ZABŁOCKA-GODLEWSKA Ewa , PRZYSTAŚ Wioletta , GODLEWSKA Maria 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Commonly used synthetic dyes cause serious problems with their efficient removal from sewage. The bioaugmentation of sewage treatment systems with highly decolorizing bacteria may be a solution. The aim of the study was the screening of bacteria with high ability to remove synthetic dyes (brilliant green (BG), crystal violet (CV), erythrosine (Er). The bacteria were isolated from municipal sewage, compost and rotten beech wood. Mineral and nutrient solid growth media supplemented with dyes (BG or EB) at a concentration 0.1 gL-1 were used. At second stage of screening the liquid nutrient broth supplemented with one of dye (BG, CV or Er at concentration 0.1 gL-1) was used. The contents of dyes in samples (after 96 h) were measured spectrophotometrically. The largest number of decolorizers were obtained from wastewater, then from compost and the rotten wood. In the case of BG and CV even small differences in the structure of the molecules affect the results of dyes removal. The structurally simpler BG was definitely better removed than CV. The results of the removal of Er were worse than BG but better than CV. Bacteria isolated at mineral medium removed dyes with higher efficiency.
Guaranteed time slot trade-off in QOS improvement with IEEE standard 802.15.4 for wireless sensor networks at the MAC layer
Authors: Bamber S. S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The performance of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with IEEE standard 802.15.4 at different types of devices can be improved with the appropriate utilization of guaranteed time slots (GTSs) in superframe at the media access control (MAC) layer. GTS implementation at the MAC layer enhances quality of service (QoS) by providing guarantee for delivery in time to the data collected at real time by the reduced functional device (RFD) from the surroundings to be transmitted to the fully functional device (FFD). Results prove that trade-off has to be done in implementing GTSs for various network performance parameters like queue size, queuing delay, CSMA medium access delay, CSMA transmission failures, and network output load to improve QoS.
IoT enabled sensor node: a tutorial paper
Authors: James Alice , Seth Avishkar , Mukhopadhyay Subhas C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A descriptive guide to develop smart sensor nodes for Internet of Things (IoT) application has been presented in the paper. The current technology of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) which transmits data with low power consumption over a wide area has been illustrated in the scope of this project. An overview of the transition of IoT devices from a limited range personal area network to wide area network is justified. A sensor node has been developed and tested to validate the implementation of a LoRa network, which can be an exemplar for sensor nodes for various applications.
Collaborative teaching in flexible learning spaces: Capabilities of beginning teachers
Authors: Whyte Barbara 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Increasingly, New Zealand primary and intermediate schools are adopting the concept of flexible learning spaces and promoting team teaching approaches. Such open spaces and pedagogy can be challenging for even experienced teachers to adapt to. Is it realistic, therefore, to expect novices to work successfully in these challenging spaces from the onset of their teaching careers? Initial Teacher Education (ITE) programmes in New Zealand equip graduates with the knowledge and skills to plan, teach and evaluate learning for a diverse class of children with individual learning, social and cultural needs. However, while researching their own practice working within new spaces and pedagogy, some experienced Bay of Plenty intermediate and primary teachers articulated additional necessities for beginning teachers starting out in such complex teaching environments. Analysis of their ideas suggests such spaces require teachers to have particular capabilities if they are to work collaboratively in open learning spaces. This paper argues that ITE programmes and leaders need to be proactive and include appropriate theoretical and pragmatic coursework, to assist student teachers to cultivate the capabilities required of collaborative team members, by the time they graduate.
Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with sugarcane in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
Authors: Singh Phougeishangbam Rolish , Kashando Beatrice E. , Couvreur Marjolein , Karssen Gerrit , Bert Wim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Morphological and molecular analyses of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) from 12 sugarcane plantation sites of Tanganyika Planting Company (TPC) Limited in Kilimanjaro region of Tanzania revealed the presence of six PPN genera, i.e. Helicotylenchus, Hemicycliophora, Pratylenchus, Rotylenchulus, Scutellonema, and Tylenchorhynchus. The genera with the highest densities and present in virtually all samples were Pratylenchus and Rotylenchulus, and the most important species appeared to be R. parvus, P. zeae, T. crassicaudatus, and T. ventrosignatus. A total sequences of 11 partial ITS, 15 D2-D3 of 28S, and 6 partial 18S of rRNA gene, and 7 partial COI gene of mtDNA of these species were obtained in this study. Morphology and molecular data comparisons between the Tanzanian R. parvus and the South African R. parvus indicated that R. parvus is a cryptic species complex. Based on the results of morphological and molecular analyses of T. crassicaudatus and T. agri from China, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Niger and the USA, T. agri syn. n. is proposed as a junior synonym of T. crassicaudatus.
Description of Deladenus brevis n. sp. (Sphaerularioidea: Neotylenchidae) from Iran: a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study
Authors: Heydari Fariba , Abolafia Joaquín , Pedram Majid 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Deladenus brevis n. sp. is described and illustrated based upon its morphological, morphometric, and molecular characters. The new species is mainly characterized by its small body size (367-454 µm long females and 350, 391 µm long males) and has small lateral vulval flaps. It is further characterized by having six lines in the lateral fields, cephalic region slightly expanded, narrower adjacent to the body, short 6 to 7 µm long stylet with three posteriorly sloped knobs, no post-vulval uterine sac (PUS), conical tail, narrowing to a rounded tip, and rare males with slender tylenchoid spicules and bursa reaching the tail tip. By having six lines in the lateral fields, the new species was compared with five known species of the genus, namely D. apopkaetus, D. cocophilus, D. durus, D. obtusicaudatus, and D. persicus, having comparable number (six or seven) of lines in the lateral fields. It was further compared with D. pakistanensis having lateral vulval flaps. The differences with above-mentioned species are discussed. In molecular phylogenetic analyses using nearly full length small and large subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU and LSU D2-D3 rDNA) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI mtDNA) gene sequences, D. brevis n. sp. formed clade with species of the genus with different clade support values in Bayesian inference.
First report of Hemicriconemoides litchi associated with Piper sarmentosum and revision of the genus Hemicriconemoides in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thi Duyen , Nguyen Huu Tien , Linh Le Thi Mai , Trinh Quang Phap 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The taxonomic status of Hemicriconemoides litchi, H. mangiferae, and H. strictathecatus has been in debates for many years. In this study, a population of H. litchi collected from the rhizosphere of Piper sarmentosum is characterized using a combination of morphology and molecular data. Our results are in agreement with other authors to maintain the validity of H. litchi and provide sequences of H. litchi with correct names on GenBank. A revision on the genus Hemicriconemoides in Vietnam is also discussed.
First report of Xiphinema hunaniense Wang & Wu, 1992 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Huu Tien , Nguyen Thi Duyen , Linh Le Thi Mai , Trinh Quang Phap 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
For the first time, a survey of plant-parasitic nematodes in the Central Highlands of Vietnam discovered a population of Xiphinema hunaniense Wang & Wu, 1992. The Vietnamese population of X. hunaniense is characterized by having an offset lip region, lack of anterior genital branch, vagina directed backward, and a digitate tail. Morphological features and morphometrics of this population are in agreement with the type population of X. hunaniense except for some variations. In addition, molecular characterization of this population and phylogenetic tree of 28S rDNA sequences of the genus are also provided.
First report of Meloidogyne hapla on kiwifruit in South Africa
Authors: Shokoohi Ebrahim , Mashela Phatu W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Kiwi is becoming one of the most important fruit in subtropical regions of South Africa with altitudes that confer sufficient chilling requirements. During a survey on biodiversity of plant-parasitic nematodes of kiwi in Magoebaskloof in Limpopo Province, several plant-parasitic nematodes were discovered, with Meloidogyne species occurring at the highest frequency. Nematodes were sampled from roots and the rhizosphere of one stunted Kiwi tree, extracted using the tray method and then fixed. The morphological characters fit well with those of M. hapla. The molecular approach using ITS and 28S rDNA, along with the related phylogenetic analysis, placed the examined population in a group with other populations of M. hapla. Kiwi is being reported as a new host for M. hapla in South Africa.
Potential impacts of the ring nematode, Mesocriconema xenoplax, on grapevines in British Columbia: a microplot study
Authors: Forge Thomas , Smit Rosanne , Neilsen Denise , Neilsen Gerry 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Okanagan Valley of British Columbia hosts a wine grape industry that has grown substantially in the past three decades in terms of both acreage and economic benefit to the region. The ring nematode, Mesocriconema xenoplax, has recently been found to be widespread in vineyard soils in the region. This study used field microplots to assess the potential impacts of a local population of M. xenoplax on the first four years growth of either self-rooted ‘Merlot’ or ‘Merlot’ vines grafted onto three commonly used rootstocks: 3309C, 44-53M, and Riparia Gloire. The population of M. xenoplax multiplied to comparable levels on self-rooted vines and all rootstocks, indicating that none of the vine genotypes were resistant to M. xenoplax. Inoculation with M. xenoplax reduced cumulative pruning weights of self-rooted vines by 58%. Inoculation with M. xenoplax reduced trunk cross-sectional areas of 3309C by 45% and that of self-rooted vines by 38%, whereas it did not affect trunk cross-sectional areas of 44-53 or Riparia Gloire, indicating differing levels of rootstock tolerance to M. xenoplax. Our data suggest that M. xenoplax is likely impacting vineyard health and productivity in the region, and the selection of rootstocks and management practices to minimize impacts of this nematode should be considered in future vineyard replant management programs.
Species diversity of bacteria associated with fungi of the genus Tuber (truffles)
Authors: Siebyła Marta , Hilszczańska Dorota 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Truffles (Tuber spp.) are ascomycete hypogeous fungi, which form ectomycorrhizae with roots of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants. Their fruiting bodies are valued for their distinctive aroma. The aroma might be partially due to complex bacterial community which colonizes their fruiting bodies. Some bacterial species are also believed to promote the truffle’ fruitification due to the fixation of nitrogen inside the developing truffles. Although truffles, especially of the species Tuber aestivum, are getting more popular and are widely cultivated, little is still known about their biology, composition and the role of their associative microbes. The aim of this study was to present the current knowledge about the bacterial communities associated with black truffles and their potential influence on the truffle life cycle and maturation.
1. Characteristics of truffles. 2. Diversity of bacterial species. 3. Conclusion
1. Charakterystyka trufli. 2. Różnorodność gatunkowa bakterii. 3. Podsumowanie