bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed Capital Injections for a Risk Process with Markovian Arrivals
Authors: Dibu A. S. , Jacob M. J. , Papaioannou Apostolos D. , Ramsden Lewis 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper we propose a generalisation to the Markov Arrival Process (MAP) risk model, by allowing for a delayed receipt of required capital injections whenever the surplus of an insurance firm is negative. Delayed capital injections often appear in practice due to the time taken for administrative and processing purposes of the funds from a third party or the shareholders of a firm. We introduce a MAP risk model that allows for capital injections to be received instantaneously, or with a random delay, depending on the amount of deficit experienced by the firm. For this model, we derive a system of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind for the Gerber-Shiu function and obtain an explicit expression (in matrix form) in terms of the Gerber-Shiu function of the MAP risk model without capital injections. In addition, we show that the expected discounted accumulated capital injections and the expected discounted overall time in red, up to the time of ruin, satisfy a similar integral equation, which can also be solved explicitly. Finally, to illustrate the applicability of our results, numerical examples are given.
Better in theory than in practise? Challenges when applying the luck egalitarian ethos in health care policy
Authors: Björk Joar , Helgesson Gert , Juth Niklas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLuck egalitarianism, a theory of distributive justice, holds that inequalities which arise due to individuals’ imprudent choices must not, as a matter of justice, be neutralized. This article deals with the possible application of luck egalitarianism to the area of health care. It seeks to investigate whether the ethos of luck egalitarianism can be operationalized to the point of informing health care policy without straying from its own ideals. In the transition from theory to practise, luck egalitarianism encounters several difficulties. We argue that the charge of moral arbitrariness can, at least in part, be countered by our provided definition of “imprudent actions” in the health area. We discuss the choice for luck egalitarianism in health care between ex ante and ex post policy approaches, and show how both approaches are flawed by luck egalitarianism’s own standards. We also examine the problem of threshold setting when luck egalitarianism is set to practise in health care. We argue that wherever policy thresholds are set, luck egalitarianism in health care risks pampering the imprudent, abandoning the prudent or, at worst, both. Furthermore, we claim that moves to mitigate these risks in turn diminish the normative importance of the ethos of luck egalitarianism to policy. All in all, our conclusion is that luck egalitarianism cannot be consistently applied as a convincing and relevant normative principle in health care policy.
Biochar from cookstoves reduces greenhouse gas emissions from smallholder farms in Africa
Authors: Sundberg Cecilia , Karltun Erik , Gitau James K. , Kätterer Thomas , Kimutai Geoffrey M. , Mahmoud Yahia , Njenga Mary , Nyberg Gert , Roing de Nowina Kristina , Roobroeck Dries , Sieber Petra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBiochar produced in cookstoves has the potential to contribute to negative carbon emissions through sequestration of biomass carbon while also providing other benefits for sustainable development, including provision of clean renewable energy and increased yields in tropical agriculture. The aim of the reported research was to estimate effects on food production, household energy access and life cycle climate impact from introduction of biochar-producing cookstoves on smallholder farms in Kenya. Participatory research on biochar production and use was undertaken with 150 Kenyan smallholder farming households. Gasifier cookstove functionality, fuel efficiency and emissions were measured, as well as biochar effects on agricultural yields after application to soil. Cookstoves provided benefits through reduced smoke, fuel wood savings and char production, but challenges were found related to labour for fuel preparation, lighting and refilling. On-farm trials with varying rates of biochar inputs, in combination with and without mineral fertilizers, have led to a sustained increase of maize yields following one-time application. The climate impact in a life cycle perspective was considerably lower for the system with cookstove production of biochar and use of biochar in agriculture than for current cooking practices. Climate benefits from biochar production and use are thus possible on smallholder farms in sub-Saharan Africa, through reduced use of biomass in cooking, reduced emissions of products of incomplete combustion and sequestration of stable biochar carbon in soils. Biochar-producing cookstoves can be implemented as a climate change mitigation method in rural sub-Saharan Africa. Successful implementation will require changes in cooking systems including fuel supply, as well as farming systems, which, in turn, requires an understanding of local socio-cultural conditions, including power relations and gender aspects.
Swallow Magnetic Resonance Imaging Compared to 3D-Computed Tomography for Pouch Assessment and Hiatal Hernias After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Authors: Felsenreich Daniel M. , Arnoldner Michael A. , Langer Felix B , Bichler Christoph , Vock Natalie , Steinlechner Katharina , Gachabayov Mahir , Rojas Aram , Beitzke Dietrich , Mang Thomas , Prager Gerhard , Kulinna-Cosentini Christiane 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction/Purpose
Weight regain and weight loss failure after bariatric surgery are important issues that may require a weight regain procedure. Three-dimensional-computed tomography (3D-CT) is a well-established method allowing exact measurements of pouch volume. The aims of this study were to prove the applicability of swallow MRI as a non-ionizing procedure and compare it to 3D-CT in patients after weight regain procedures following RYGB.

Materials and Methods
Twelve post-RYGB patients who had a follow-up operation for weight regain before 12/2017 were included in this prospective study. Swallow MRI and 3D-CT were performed in each patient to evaluate the size of the anastomosis, pouch volume, and intrathoracic pouch migration (ITM).

Results
Mean pouch volume in swallow MRI and 3D-CT were 40.4 ± 21.0 ml and 43.5 ± 30.2 ml, respectively (p = 0.83), and pouch diameter at the maximal distention was 35.3 ± 5.9 ml (MRI) and 31.0 ± 10.0 ml (CT) (p = 0.16). The rate of ITM was 75% in both examinations (p = 1.0).

Conclusion
Swallow MRI is a valid method for the assessment of pouch volume in different phases of the swallowing process and is comparable to 3D-CT. The diagnosis of ITM using swallow MRI was equal to 3D-CT.
supFunSim: Spatial Filtering Toolbox for EEG
Authors: Rykaczewski Krzysztof , Nikadon Jan , Duch Włodzisław , Piotrowski Tomasz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBrain activity pattern recognition from EEG or MEG signal analysis is one of the most important method in cognitive neuroscience. The supFunSim library is a new Matlab toolbox which generates accurate EEG forward model and implements a collection of spatial filters for EEG source reconstruction, including the linearly constrained minimum-variance (LCMV), eigenspace LCMV, nulling (NL), and minimum-variance pseudo-unbiased reduced-rank (MV-PURE) filters in various versions. It also enables source-level directed connectivity analysis using partial directed coherence (PDC) measure. The supFunSim library is based on the well-known FieldTrip toolbox for EEG and MEG analysis and is written using object-oriented programming paradigm. The resulting modularity of the toolbox enables its simple extensibility. This paper gives a complete overview of the toolbox from both developer and end-user perspectives, including description of the installation process and use cases.
Label-Free Semiquantitative Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Analysis of Laryngeal/Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma on Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Samples - a Pilot Study
Authors: Burian Andras , Lujber Laszlo , Gerlinger Imre , Jarai Tamas , Orosz Eva , Turiak Lilla , Acs Andras , Hegedus Zoltan , Peter Aniko Konigne , Tornoczki Tamas , Gombos Katalin , Mark Laszlo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck region is the sixth most frequent malignancy with high mortality rate. Due to its poor prognosis it is considered a growing public health problem worldwide inspite of existing treatment modalities. Thus, early diagnosis of new diseases and recurrences is emerging on one hand, but on the other hand troublesome in the lack of reliable tumor markers in this field. The rapid development of proteomics has opened new perspectives in tumor marker discovery. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) as the gold standard in proteomics enables the semi-quantitative analysis of proteins within various tissues. Abundance differences between tumor and normal tissue also can be interpreted as tumor specific changes. The aim of this study was to identify potential tumor markers of laryngeal/hypopharyngeal SCC by revealing abundance changes between cancerous and the surrounding phenotypically healthy tissue. After separating the phenotypically cancerous and healthy parts of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, each sample underwent protein recovery process and tryptic digestion for label-free semi-quantitative LC/MS analysis. Eight proteins showed significantly higher abundance in tumor including tenascin, transmembrane emp24 domain-containing protein 2, cytoplasmic dynein light chain 1, coactosin-like protein, small proline-rich protein 2D, nucleolin, U5 small nuclear RNP 200-kDa helicase and fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase. Desmoglein-1 and keratin type I cytoskeletal 9 were down-regulated in tumor. Using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis we mapped the signaling pathways these proteins play role in regarding other tumors. Based on these findings these proteins may serve as promising biomarkers in the fight against laryngeal/hypopharyngeal SCCs.
Heterologous Expression of the Leuconostoc Bacteriocin Leucocin C in Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii
Authors: Li Ran , Wan Xing , Takala Timo M. , Saris Per E.J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe yeast Saccharomyces boulardii is well known for its probiotic effects such as treating or preventing gastrointestinal diseases. Due to its ability to survive in stomach and intestine, S. boulardii could be applied as a vehicle for producing and delivering bioactive substances of interest to human gut. In this study, we cloned the gene lecC encoding the antilisterial peptide leucocin C from lactic acid bacterium Leuconostoc carnosum in S. boulardii. The constructed S. boulardii strain secreted a peptide, which had molecular weight corresponding to leucocin C in SDS-PAGE. The peptide band inhibited Listeria monocytogenes in gel overlay assay. Likewise, concentrated S. boulardii culture supernatant inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes. The growth profile and acid tolerance of the leucocin C secreting S. boulardii were similar as those of the strain carrying the empty vector. We further demonstrated that the cells of the leucocin C producing S. boulardii efficiently killed L. monocytogenes, also without antibiotic selection pressure. These results showed that antilisterial activity could be added to the arsenal of probiotic activities of S. boulardii, demonstrating its potential as a carrier for therapeutics delivery.
The Role of Vaccination Interventions to Promote HPV Vaccine Uptake Rates in a College-Aged Population: a Systematic Review
Authors: Ou Lihong , Youngstedt Shawn D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis systematic review provided synthesized evidence regarding the effectiveness of the interventions promoting the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in college-aged population. The HPV infection is the most prevailing sexually transmitted disease. Despite the availability and effectiveness of the 9-Valent HPV vaccine, the vaccine coverage among young adults remained low. In witness to the increasing burden of HPV-related infections and cancers, research focused on the vaccination interventions should be conducted to determine the effectiveness of the vaccination strategy and address the gap. The search was conducted through PubMed, Cochrane, and CINAL. Studies were included if they (1) included vaccination programs, (2) target population was young adults aged 17–26, (3) examined factors associated with the intervention effectiveness, (4) were published in English, and (5) were published between February 2010 and February 2020. HPV-related knowledge and intentions toward HPV vaccination were all reported increased after the intervention. Increased HPV vaccination intentions were found associated with the increased vaccine initiation and completion. Among bisexual or homosexual individuals, females were found more likely to complete the HPV dose 2 and 3. The review findings suggested using vaccination interventions incorporated with educational components to promote vaccine uptake among young adults. Supportive interventions tailored to different populations and settings are crucial to address the suboptimal HPV-related knowledge and vaccination status among the young beneficiaries.
Ontology-Mediated Querying with Horn Description Logics
Authors: Sabellek Leif 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn ontology-mediated query (OMQ) consists of a database query paired with an ontology. When evaluated on a database, an OMQ returns not only the answers that are already in the database, but also those answers that can be obtained via logical reasoning using rules from ontology. There are many open questions regarding the complexities of problems related to OMQs. Motivated by the use of ontologies in practice, new reasoning problems which have never been considered in the context of ontologies become relevant, since they can improve the usability of ontology enriched systems. This thesis deals with various reasoning problems that emerge from ontology-mediated querying and it investigates the computational complexity of these problems. We focus on ontologies formulated in Horn description logics, which are a popular choice for ontologies in practice. In particular, the thesis gives results regarding the data complexity of OMQ evaluation by completely classifying complexity and rewritability questions for OMQs based on an EL ontology and a conjunctive query. Furthermore, the query-by-example problem, and the expressibility and verification problem in ontology-based data access are introduced and investigated.
Existence of weak solutions to a certain homogeneous parabolic Neumann problem involving variable exponents and cross-diffusion
Authors: Arumugam Gurusamy , Erhardt André H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper deals with a homogeneous Neumann problem of a nonlinear diffusion system involving variable exponents dependent on spatial and time variables and cross-diffusion terms. We prove the existence of weak solutions using Galerkin’s approximation and we derive suitable energy estimates. To this end, we establish the needed Poincaré type inequality for variable exponents related to the Neumann boundary problem. Furthermore, we show that the investigated problem possesses a unique weak solution and satisfies a stability estimate, provided some additional assumptions are fulfilled. In addition, we show under which conditions the solution is nonnegative.
Cohomogeneity Two Nonsemisimple Isometric Actions
Authors: Mirzaie Reza , Bakhtiari Marzie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe describe the orbits of a cohomogeneity two Riemannian G-manifold M from topological point of view, under the conditions that G is nonsemisimple and M decomposes as a product of negatively curved Riemannian manifolds.
On Enabling GDPR Compliance in Business Processes Through Data-Driven Solutions
Authors: Zaman Rashid , Hassani Marwan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe collection and long-term retention of excessive data enables organisations to process data for insights in non-primary processes. The discovery of insights is promoted to be useful both for organisations and the customers. However, long-term possession of data on one hand risks the privacy of data belonging beings in cases of data breaches and on the other hand results in the customers distrust. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) abstractly defined the data processing boundaries of the personal data of European Union’s citizens. The processing principles of GDPR, in line with the spirit of privacy by design and default, provide directions on the collection, storage, and processing of personal data. Concomitantly, the data subject rights provide customers with necessary control over their personal data stationed at the data controller’s premises. The accountability principle of GDPR requires compliance in place and also the ability to demonstrate it. In this work, we are providing three solutions to enable GDPR compliance in business processes. First, we are proposing intra-process data degradation, a solution for continuous data minimisation during the course of business processes. The proposed approach results in reduced data maintenance and breach losses. Second, we adapt process mining techniques for ascertaining compliance of business process execution to data subject rights. Finally, we present a scheme to utilise differential privacy technique to enable GDPR-compliant business process discovery. Additionally, we offer links to two effective tools that demonstrate our first and second contributions.
Micro-analytical studies of discontinuous precipitation in Fe-13.5 at.% Zn alloy
Authors: Zięba Paweł , Chronowski Mateusz , Morgiel Jerzy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
For the first time, the analytical electron microscopy has been used to determine the solute concentration profiles left behind the moving reaction front (RF) of the discontinuous precipitation (DP) reaction in a Fe-13.5 at.% Zn alloy. These profiles have been converted into grain boundary diffusivity (sδD

b
) values, using Cahn’s diffusion equation in its original form and the data of the growth rate of the discontinuous precipitates obtained from independent measurements. This approach has essentially removed existing difference in comparison to sδD

b
values obtained from Cahn′s simplified and Petermann–Hornbogen models relevant for the global approach to the DP. Simultaneously, the local values of sδD

b
have been up to 8–10 orders of magnitude higher than the data for volume diffusion coefficients and much greater than for diffusion at the stationary grain boundaries of Zn in pure Fe. This is clear indication that the rate controlling factor for DP reaction in the Fe-13 at.% Zn alloy is diffusion at the moving RF.
Impact of Childhood Sexual Assault on Sexual Function in the Czech Male Population
Authors: Kamnerdsiri Watcharaphol Alexandre , Fox Christopher , Weiss Petr 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction
This study explores the impact of childhood sexual assault (CSA) on men’s sexual function. There is limited understanding on the impact of CSA perpetrated against boys on later adult male sexual function, as there is a dearth of research on this topic. It was hypothesized that men reporting a history of CSA were more likely to report sexual function issues than men with no history of CSA.

Material and methods
A cross-sectional survey study of 1,004 Czech men aged between 15 and 85 years (M = 42.8 years; Standard deviation = 17.6 years) have been conducted. The participants anonymously answered a questionnaire on multiple aspects of their life and sexuality. This questionnaire included sought data on history of CSA and self-reported intravaginal ejaculation latency time and the 5-item International Index of Erectile Function.

Results
25 men (2.5%) indicated a history of CSA. 71% of the perpetrators where known by the victims, with a minority declaring the crime to authorities (37.5%). Half of those reporting assault also reported sexual function issues in the present or at some time in their life. Significant correlations were recorded between a history of CSA and erectile dysfunction but not significantly with premature ejaculation.

Conclusions
Men who reported a history of CSA are more likely to report sexual function issues than those who do not. The identified association between CSA and sexual function issues in adult life contributes to the small body of literature on the topic. When taking a sexual history, it is recommended to practitioner to include questions about CSA, considering its correlation with erectile dysfunction. An understanding of the relationship between CSA and adult sexual function helps practitioner to improve his patient’s well--being and life satisfaction.
Kamnerdsiri WA, Fox C, Weiss P, et al. Impact of Childhood Sexual Assault on Sexual Function in the Czech Male Population. J Sex Med 2020;8:446–453.
Excellent Product … But Too Early to Say: Consumer Reactions to Tentative Product Reviews
Authors: Ifie Kemefasu 
Published: June 2020

This research explores the effects of tentativeness in online product reviews on consumers’ product attitude certainty and behavioral intentions. Drawing on salience theory, attribution theory, and work in attitude certainty, I predict that, when consumers who have seen positive reviews of a product are exposed to a tentative review, their attitude certainty and willingness to purchase is reduced. I also predict that consumer reactions differ depending on the expertise of the review source as well as the product experience of the consumer. I also address confidence in information completeness as the metacognitive mechanism that explains the tentative review effect. Specifically, I argue that consumers who see a tentative review are sensitized to potentially missing information, which reduces their attitude certainty and willingness to purchase. Our hypotheses are tested in a series of experiments which demonstrate that tentativeness reduces attitude certainty and willingness to purchase but that the effect is attenuated when the reviewer is a novice and when the consumer has a high level of product experience. Based on the findings, I discuss our contributions to theory and suggest practical steps that firms can take to mitigate the effects of tentative reviews.