bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient multitap equalization for FBMC‐OQAM systems
Authors: Guerra David William Marques , Abrão Taufik 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis work provides a simple yet efficient multitap equalization structure for filter bank multicarrier systems, which is a candidate waveform for the next generation (5G) of mobile communication systems. More specifically, we analyze the system performance under medium‐ to high‐frequency selective channels. In this scenario, the single‐tap equalizer is not enough to compensate the channel effects, and then, a multitap equalizer need to be deployed. In the literature, the available equalization structures that are more efficient in aggressive scenarios are generally quite complex, whereas the less complex alternatives do not perform satisfactorily in such conditions. In this context, we propose a new multitap equalization approach in the frequency domain, aiming at reducing the computational complexity while improving the system robustness against high‐frequency selectivity conditions. For a wide range of number of taps and antennas, the proposed minimum mean square error–based frequency domain equalizer presents a much reduced computational complexity, ie, less than 1% of the conventional minimum mean square error–based time domain complexity. The operation, advantages, performance, and the main differences between multitap equalization schemes against the simple one‐tap equalizer for filter bank multicarrier systems are comprehensively discussed.
Occupational variation in the relationship between child health and family size
Authors: Sarkar Jayanta 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEmpirical evidence for quantity‐quality trade‐off is hardly ubiquitous, especially when quality is measured by child health outcomes. The paper offers a new explanation to this puzzle. It shows that the quantity–quality relationships are subject to occupational variation when quality is given by nutritional status, and occupations differ in their physical labor intensity. It embeds, in a simple household optimization model, a minimum consumption requirement that rises with physical work intensity of occupation. The occupational differences in subsistence consumption requirement generate variation in child nutritional status, and hence, in the shadow price of children. The nature of the quantity–quality relationship, therefore, varies with work intensity of occupations. The model yields an equilibrium relationship between the number and nutritional status of children that is positive for households in strenuous occupations and ambiguous for other households. These results help reconcile some inconsistent findings on quantity–quality trade‐off, which may partly be explained by the omission of occupational variation in nutritional status.
Dysregulated Lipid Transport Proteins Correlate With Pathogenesis and Outcome in Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis
Authors: Maras Jaswinder Singh , Das Sukanta , Bhat Adil , Kumar Vyas Ashish , Yadav Gaurav , Chaudhary Sudrishti , Sukriti Sukriti , Gupta Abhishak C. , Bihari Chagan , Mahiwall Rakhi , Sarin Shiv Kumar 
Published: October 2019

Severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) has high mortality. Dysregulated lipid transport and metabolism in liver/macrophages contributes to disease pathophysiology. Paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (PON1), a liver‐specific enzyme, inhibits oxidation of phospholipids and prevents lipid‐mediated oxidative damage. However, its functional contribution in macrophage‐mediated hepatic injury warrants elucidation. Plasma proteome of patients with SAH (n = 20), alcoholic cirrhosis (n = 20), and healthy controls was analyzed. Dysregulated pathways were identified, validated, and correlated with severity and outcomes in 200 patients with SAH. Tohoku‐Hospital‐Pediatrics‐1 (THP1)‐derived macrophages were treated with plasma from study groups in the presence/absence of recombinant PON1 and the phenotype; intracellular lipid bodies and linked functions were evaluated. In patients with SAH, 208 proteins were >1.5 fold differentially regulated (32 up‐regulated and 176 down‐regulated; P < 0.01).Validation studies confirmed lower levels of lipid transporter proteins (Pon1, apolipoprotein [Apo]B, ApoA1, ApoA2, and ApoC3; P < 0.01). Low PON1 levels inversely correlated with severity and mortality (r2 > 0.3; hazard ratio, 0.91; P < 0.01) and predicted nonsurvivors (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.86; cut‐off, <18 μg/mL; log rank, <0.01). Low PON1 levels corroborated with increased oxidized low‐density lipoprotein levels, intracellular lipid bodies, lipid uptake, lipid metabolism, biosynthesis, and alternative macrophage activation genes in nonsurvivors (P < 0.01). Importantly, in vitro recombinant PON1 treatment on THP1 macrophages reversed these changes (P < 0.01), specifically by alteration in expression of clusters of differentiation 36 (CD36) and adenosine triphosphate‐binding cassette subfamily A1 (ABCA1) receptor on macrophages. Conclusion: Lipid transport proteins contribute to the pathogenesis of SAH, and low PON1 levels inversely correlate with the severity of alcoholic hepatitis and 28‐day mortality. Restitution of circulating PON1 may be beneficial and needs therapeutic evaluation in patients with SAH.
Slip boundary condition effect on double‐diffusive convection in a porous medium: Brinkman Model
Authors: Challoob Huda A. , Mathkhor Asmaa J. , Harfash Akil J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe model of double‐diffusive convection in a porous medium layer was analyzed using the Brinkman model and concentration based on an internal heat source. Linear instability analysis of the model was performed. Particularly, we analyzed the effect of slip boundary conditions on the instability of the system. We analyzed when the instability started and computed the critical Rayleigh number as a function of the slip coefficient.
Monetary policy trilemma, inflation targeting and global financial crisis
Authors: Gülşen Eda , Özmen Erdal 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe empirically investigate the validity of the monetary policy trilemma postulation for emerging market (EME) and advanced (AE) economies under different exchange rate and monetary policy regimes before and after the recent global financial crisis (GFC). Consistent with the dilemma proposition, domestic interest rates are determined by global financial conditions and the FED rate even under floating exchange rate regimes (ERR) in the long‐run. The impact of the FED rates is higher in EME than AE and EME are much more sensitive to global financial cycle under managed than floating ERR. The spillover from the FED rate substantially increases after the GFC in EME with floating ERR and AE. The results from the monetary policy reaction functions based on equilibrium correction mechanism specifications suggest that domestic interest rates respond to inflation and output gaps especially under inflation targeting (IT) in the short‐run. The response to inflation gap tends to be smaller in IT AE after the GFC.
Extreme nonassociativity in order nine and beyond
Authors: Drápal Aleš , Valent Viliam 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe main concern of this paper are quasigroups of order nine that possess at most associative triples. The order nine is the least order for which there exists a quasigroup such that holds if and only if . Up to isomorphism there is only one such quasigroup of this order. It has remarkable properties that bind it to a nearfield, to a PMD and to a Sudoku division square.
The biological mechanisms of butanol tolerance and the application of solvent‐tolerant bacteria for environmental protection
Authors: Gao Yue , Zhang Miao‐miao , Guo Xiao‐peng , Li Wen‐jian , Lu Dong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractToxicity caused by the accumulation of butanol in fermentation media is an important factor limiting the concentration of butanol. There is currently no systematic research in place investigating the butanol tolerance mechanism of bacteria such as Clostridium acetobutylicum, which adapts to butanol stress and regulates its growth and metabolism. Here, research results related to the butanol tolerance of C. acetobutylicum are reviewed to understand the molecular basis of changes in butanol‐tolerant strains. Organic solvent‐tolerant bacteria play an important role in the fields of biofuel production, enzyme preparation and bioremediation. An analysis of limitations of the application of organic solvent‐tolerant bacteria has revealed that future research should focus on combining the microbial tolerance phenotype with specific utilization to achieve an optimal balance between organic solvent tolerance and production. This review serves as a reference for the improvement and engineering of strains that tolerate organic solvents. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of substituted quinolines via B(C6F5)3‐catalyzed aniline‐aldehyde‐pyruvate oxidative annulation
Authors: Ling Fei , Chen Jiachen , Xie Zhen , Hou Huacui , Pan Zhentao , Feng Cong , Shen Haiwei , Zhong Weihui 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA metal‐free method to construct quinoline derivatives via B(C6F5)3‐catalyzed cyclization of anilines with aldehyde derivatives and pyruvates is described. This three‐component cascade reaction provides an efficient approach for the easy access to various substituted quinoline‐4‐carboxylic esters with 71% to 92% yield. The utility of this methodology was further demonstrated by gram‐scale formal synthesis of the antimalarial drug DDD107498.
Parthanatos‐associated proteins are stimulated intraocularly during development of experimental murine cytomegalovirus retinitis in mice with retrovirus‐induced immunosuppression
Authors: Oh Jay J. , Carter Jessica J. , Nemeno Judee Grace E. , Dix Richard D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe mechanisms that contribute to retinal tissue destruction during the onset and progression of AIDS‐related human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) retinitis remain unclear. Evidence for the stimulation of multiple cell death pathways including apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis during the pathogenesis of experimental murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) retinitis in mice with retrovirus‐induced immunosuppression (MAIDS) has been reported. Parthanatos is a caspase‐independent cell death pathway mediated by rapid overactivation of poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1) and distinct from other cell death pathways. Using the MAIDS model of MCMV retinitis, studies were performed to test the hypothesis that intraocular MCMV infection of mice with MAIDS stimulates parthanatos‐associated messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and proteins within the eye during the development of retinal necrosis that takes place by 10 days after MCMV infection. MCMV‐infected eyes of MAIDS mice exhibited significant stimulation of PARP‐1 mRNA and proteins at 3 days after infection but declined thereafter at 6 and 10 days after infection. Additional studies showed the intraocular stimulation of mRNAs or proteins before MCMV retinitis development for two additional participants in parthanatos, polymer of ADP‐ribose and poly (ADP‐ribose) glycohydrolase. These results provide new evidence for a role for parthanatos during MAIDS‐related MCMV retinitis that may also extend to AIDS‐related HCMV retinitis.
Using microbial seed coating for improving cowpea productivity under a low‐input agricultural system
Authors: Rocha Inês , Souza‐Alonso Pablo , Pereira Graça , Ma Ying , Vosátka Miroslav , Freitas Helena , Oliveira Rui S. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlant‐growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have the ability to enhance the growth, fitness, and quality of various agricultural crops, including cowpea. However, field trials confirming the benefits of microbes in large‐scale applications using economically viable and efficient inoculation methods are still scarce. Microbial seed coating has a great potential for large‐scale agriculture through the application of reduced amounts of PGPR and AM fungi inocula. Thus, in this study, the impact of seed coating with PGPR, Pseudomonas libanensis TR1 and AM fungus, Rhizophagus irregularis (single or multiple isolates) on grain yield and nutrient content of cowpea under low‐input field conditions was evaluated.RESULTSSeed coating with P. libanensis + multiple isolates of R. irregularis (coatPMR) resulted in significant increases in shoot dry weight (76%), and in the number of pods and seeds per plant (52% and 56%, respectively) and grain yield (56%), when compared with non‐inoculated control plants. However, seed coating with P. libanensis + R. irregularis single‐isolate (coatPR) did not influence cowpea grain yield. Grain lipid content was significantly higher (25%) in coatPMR plants in comparison with control. Higher soil organic matter and lower pH were observed in the coatPMR treatment.CONCLUSIONSOur findings indicate that cowpea field productivity can be improved by seed coating with PGPR and multiple AM fungal isolates under low‐input agricultural systems. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Multicenter clinical trial on sentinel lymph node biopsy using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and a novel handheld magnetic probe
Authors: Taruno Kanae , Kurita Tomoko , Kuwahata Akihiko , Yanagihara Keiko , Enokido Katsutoshi , Katayose Yoshihisa , Nakamura Seigo , Takei Hiroyuki , Sekino Masaki , Kusakabe Moriaki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundSentinel lymph node biopsy is a standard staging procedure for early axillary lymph node‐negative breast cancer. As an alternative to the currently used radioactive tracers for sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection during the surgical procedure, a number of studies have shown promising results using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles. Here, we developed a new handheld, cordless, and lightweight magnetic probe for SPIO detection.MethodsResovist (SPIO nanoparticles) were detected by the newly developed handheld probe, and the SLN detection rate was compared to that of the standard radioisotope (RI) method using radioactive colloids (99mTc) and a blue dye (indigo carmine). This was a multicenter prospective clinical trial that included 220 patients with breast cancer scheduled for sentinel node biopsy after a clinical diagnosis of negative axillary lymph node from three facilities in Japan.ResultsOf the 210 patients analyzed, SLN was detected in 94.8% (199/210 cases, 90% confidence interval [CI]) with our magnetic method and in 98.1% (206/210 cases, 90% CI) with the RI method. The magnetic method exceeded the threshold identification rate of 90%.ConclusionThis was the first clinical study to use a novel handheld magnetometer to detect SLN, which we demonstrate to be not inferior to the RI method.
A Comparison of Four Digital Otoscopes in a Teleconsultation Setting
Authors: Tötterman Magnus , Jukarainen Sakari , Sinkkonen Saku T. , Klockars Tuomas 
Published: October 2019

Objectives/HypothesisThis study compares image quality and appropriateness for teleconsultations for three different otological conditions.Study DesignWeb‐based survey.MethodsWe compared four digital otoscopes via a Web‐based questionnaire distributed to all Finnish ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialists and residents. The survey consisted of three fictional patient cases, each of which was presented with images taken using the otoscopes studied. Respondents assessed the image quality on a visual analog scale (VAS), assessing its appropriateness for teleconsultations and comparing images taken using different otoscopes to one another.ResultsIn total, 98 individuals responded, consisting of 81 ENT specialists and 17 ENT residents. The CellScope Oto and Digital MacroView received higher VAS scores for image quality and appropriateness for teleconsultations than the FireFly and Delfino otoscopes (P < .001 for all comparisons). Respondents considered the CellScope Oto more appropriate for teleconsultations for exostoses than the three other otoscopes. The CellScope Oto and Digital MacroView were equally appropriate in the two other cases (normal ear and perforated tympanic membrane).ConclusionsBoth digital otoscopes and the underlying otological conditions affect the appropriateness of teleconsultations. Moreover, both factors should be considered when evaluating the suitability of otologic teleconsultations. Among the otoscopes evaluated, images taken using the CellScope Oto received the best overall assessments.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 130:1572–1576, 2020
Trendbericht Theoretische Chemie: Molekulare Mechanismen der biologischen Energieumwandlung
Authors: Kaila Ville 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMultiskalenansatz für molekulare Mechanismen energieumwandelnder Enzyme; relativistische quantenchemische Berechnungen: effizient durch lokale und nichtlokale zwei‐ und vierkomponentige Vielteilchen‐Hamiltonoperatoren; Schwingungsspektroskopie mit Ab‐initio‐Molekulardynamik.
Poly(ethylene glycol)‐based poly(urethane isocyanurate) hydrogels for contact lens applications
Authors: Driest Piet J , Allijn Iris E , Dijkstra Dick J , Stamatialis Dimitrios , Grijpma Dirk W 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOver the past few decades, the global use and market of contact lenses have expanded steadily. Due to the many demands on material properties (e.g. mechanical, optical and biological), the development of novel contact lens materials is challenging. Specifically, the ideal combination of high equilibrium water content, high toughness in the hydrated state and low protein adsorption is difficult to realize. In this work, poly(ethylene glycol)‐based poly(urethane isocyanurate) (PEG PUI) type hydrogels that combine the above important properties are presented as a new class of materials for contact lens applications. It is shown that these PEG PUI hydrogels demonstrate high toughness values in the hydrated state ranging from 98 to 226 kJ m−3 and elastic moduli ranging from 0.8 to 17.2 MPa for networks with equilibrium water contents ranging from 76.3 to 16.1 wt%. These hydrogels also demonstrate transmittance values >90% across the visible spectrum, clarities close to 100% in most cases and refractive indices ranging from 1.48 to 1.36. Importantly, these hydrogels are non‐cytotoxic and demonstrate lower bovine serum albumin adsorption values than several commercial contact lenses of 0.24 to 0.65 mg g−1 compared to 0.55 to 1.38 mg g−1 after 24 h, respectively. This combination of high equilibrium water content, high toughness in the hydrated state and low protein adsorption is exceptional. These properties can be attributed to the PEG PUI network structure: the use of a PEG polymeric backbone provides hydrophilicity and chemical inertness while the PUI‐type crosslinking units provide high toughness in the hydrated state. © 2019 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Optimal Elbow Positions for Identification of the Radial Collateral Ligament Using Ultrasonography
Authors: Park Chul‐Hyun , Kim Beom Suk , Lee Jae Hyun , Chung Sun Gun 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThe standard position for examining the lateral elbow with ultrasonography is an “extended” or “slightly flexed” position. However, because the radial collateral ligament (RCL) is more deeply attached on the lateral epicondyle than the common extensor tendon, an anisotropic artifact of the RCL could be observed in the conventional positions, making it difficult to fully visualize the RCL.ObjectivesTo determine optimal elbow positions for accurate identification of the RCL and to explore the relevant landmarks in ultrasonography.DesignProspective study.SettingTertiary university hospital.ParticipantsForty healthy elbows of 20 participants.MethodsThe RCL was evaluated using ultrasonography in six elbow flexion positions (0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 140°). The relative depth, defined as the depth of the capitellum subtracted by the depth of the radial head under ultrasonography, was measured at each angle. The rates of successful identification of ultrasonographic landmarks for localizing the RCL were calculated. After ultrasonography, the optimal elbow position for identifying the RCL was determined by group consensus.Main Outcome MeasurementsRelative depth between radial head and capitellum, rates of successful identification of ultrasonographic landmarks, and consensus‐based determination of the optimal angle.ResultsThe relative depth significantly decreased with an increase in the flexion angle (P for trend <.001), approaching zero at the angles of 90° and 120°. The rates of successful identification of the superior tubercle, hyperechogenic line, and anterior and posterior tubercles were 100%, 100%, 90%, and 80%, respectively. In the group consensus, the 90° and 120° flexion angles were selected with the highest frequency (90%; 36/40).ConclusionOur findings suggest that elbow flexion at 90° or 120° is optimal for visualization of the RCL with the least possibility of anisotropy under ultrasonography, suggesting that the elbow should be flexed considerably beyond the conventional extended or slightly flexed position.
Sense of coherence and health‐related quality of life in patients with neurotoxicity after cancer chemotherapy: Assessment from a real‐time mobile phone–based system
Authors: Drott Jenny , Fomichov Victoria , Börjeson Sussanne , Berterö Carina 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveIn the present study, we aimed to assess sense of coherence (SOC) and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) during and after adjuvant chemotherapy by mobile phone‐based reporting in patients with colorectal cancer experiencing neurotoxicity.MethodsIn this prospective descriptive cohort study, a mobile phone‐based system was used to receive a series of real‐time longitudinal patient‐reported assessments of SOC (13‐item), HRQOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐General (FACT‐G) 27‐item), and neurotoxicity (OANQ 29‐item) from 43 patients with colorectal cancer after being treated with chemotherapy including oxaliplatin. Measurements were conducted during the whole treatment period (mean 5 cycles) and up to 12 months after completing chemotherapy.ResultsIn total, 817 questionnaire responses (226 SOC, 221 FACT‐G, 370 OANQ) answered during and after chemotherapy treatment were available for analysis. Even though all patients experienced neurotoxicity during the treatment period, HRQOL was stable over time. Over time, the ratings of physical wellbeing tended to increase, while the subscale of social wellbeing tended to decrease. Overall SOC, including the three components comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness was stable during the entire study period. No internal data was missing due to the mobile phone‐based system.ConclusionsAll patients had neurotoxicity during the treatment period that seemed to affect the social wellbeing component of HRQOL, but SOC seemed unaffected. Real‐time patient‐reported assessment using mobile phone technology could be valuable in the clinical setting to provide continuous individualised monitoring to help identify patients who need further evaluation to maintain or improve their psychosocial health.