bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results on approximate controllability of Sobolev type fractional stochastic evolution hemivariational inequalities
Authors: Vijayakumar V. , Udhayakumar R. , Panda Sumati Kumari , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn our article, we primarily concentrate on the approximate controllability results for Sobolev type fractional stochastic evolution hemivariational inequalities. By applying the facts related to fractional calculus, and fixed‐point technique, the principal results are proved. Initially, we are concentrating the existence and continue to prove the controllability of the fractional evolution system. In the end, we present an example to demonstrate the theory.
On Hosoya Index and Merrifield‐Simmons Index of trees with given domination number
Authors: Şahin Bünyamin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Hosoya index and the Merrifield‐Simmons index are two important molecular descriptors in chemical graph theory. The Hosoya index is defined as the total number of matchings of the graph and the Merrifield‐Simmons index is defined as the total number of independent sets of the graph. In this paper, the author obtains the extremal values of the Hosoya index and the Merrifield‐Simmons index of trees with given domination number.
A European, Observational, Prospective Trial of Trabectedin Plus Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin in Patients with Platinum-Sensitive Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Pignata Sandro , Scambia Giovanni , Villanucci Alessandro , Naglieri Emanuele , Ibarbia Mikel Arruti , Brusa Federica , Bourgeois Hugues , Sorio Roberto , Casado Antonio , Reichert Dietmar , Dopchie Catherine , De Rivas Beatriz , Sande Luis Miguel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Purpose
The noninterventional, prospective NIMES-ROC phase IV study (NCT02825420) evaluated trabectedin plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in real-life clinical practice.

Patients and Methods
Eligible participants included adults with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer (PS-ROC) who had received one or more cycles of trabectedin/PLD before inclusion according to the marketing authorization. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) according to investigator criteria.

Results
Two hundred eighteen patients from five European countries were evaluated, 72.5% of whom were pretreated with at least two prior chemotherapy lines and received a median of six cycles of trabectedin/PLD (range: 1–24). Median PFS was 9.46 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.9–10.9), and median overall survival (OS) was 23.56 months (95% CI, 18.1–34.1). Patients not pretreated with an antiangiogenic drug obtained larger median PFS (p &lt; .007) and OS (p &lt; .048), largely owning to differences between the two populations. Twenty-four patients (11.0%) had a complete response, and 57 patients (26.1%) achieved a partial response for an objective response rate (ORR) of 37.2%. Fifty-nine patients (27.1%) had disease stabilization for a disease control rate of 64.2%. No statistically significant difference in PFS, OS, or ORR was observed by BRCA1/2 status and platinum sensitivity. Most common grade 3/4 adverse events (AEs) were neutropenia (30.3%), anemia (6.4%), thrombocytopenia (5.5%), and asthenia (5.0%). No deaths attributed to treatment-related AEs or unexpected AEs occurred.

Conclusion
The combination of trabectedin/PLD represents a clinically meaningful and safe option for patients with PS-ROC regardless of prior treatment with an antiangiogenic drug, being comparable with previously observed outcomes in selected and less pretreated patients from clinical trials.

Implications for Practice
This noninterventional, prospective study, conducted in 57 reference sites across Europe, consistently confirmed that trabectedin plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in routine clinical practice represents a clinically meaningful and safe option for women with platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer. Although the study population represented a heterogeneous, older, and more pretreated population than those in prospective clinical trials, the combination of trabectedin plus PLD induced comparable clinical benefits, with a similar and manageable safety profile. Overall, these findings show that trabectedin in combination with PLD maintains antitumor activity when administered to heavily pretreated patients in real-life clinical practice.
Mechanical and thermal properties offishbone‐basedepoxy composites: The effects of thermal treatment
Authors: Hani F. , Firouzi A. , Islam M. R. , Sumdani M. G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFishbones are hydroxyapatite‐based waste materials. They can be used in the form of particles as filler or additive in polymer composites. The surface of the particles can be modified using heat or thermal treatment. In this work, the fishbone particles (FBPs) were used in epoxy composites for the semi‐structural applications. The composites were prepared using a solution‐cast method. The effect of thermal treatment of the FBPs on the performance of the composites was investigated. The mechanical testing, thermo‐gravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry measured the performance of the composites. The chemical structure and morphological properties of the composites were observed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Results showed that the tensile and flexural strength of the composites were improved by 30% and 200%, respectively, compared to the neat epoxy (NE) as an effect of the thermal treatment. It was also noticed that theTg,TmandTcof the modified composite were found significantly higher compared to other composites. The FBPs formed a hybrid domain within the composites when they interact with the epoxy. Such strong bonding can protect the composites from the external forces. Based on the performance, it can be suggested that the composites can be used where a semi‐flexible scaffold is required.
Occupancy and Detectability of Northern Long‐eared Bats in the Lake States Region
Authors: Hyzy Brenna A. , Russell Robin E. , Silvis Alex , Ford W. Mark , Riddle Jason , Russell Kevin 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTThe northern long‐eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) is one of the bat species most affected by white‐nose syndrome. Population declines attributed to white‐nose syndrome contributed to the species’ listing as federally threatened under the 1973 Endangered Species Act. Although one of the most abundant Myotine bats in eastern North America prior to white‐nose syndrome, little is known about northern long‐eared bats in the upper Midwest, USA. We assessed the habitat associations of the northern long‐eared bats on a regional scale using occupancy models that accounted for uncertainty in nightly detection to provide needed information on the distribution as white‐nose syndrome has recently arrived in this area. We monitored bat activity using zero‐crossing frequency‐division bat detectors for 10–15 nights at 20 detector sites at each of 3 sampling areas in Michigan, USA, and 6 sampling areas in Wisconsin, USA, stratified by mesic and xeric habitat types. We constructed northern long‐eared bat nightly detection histories for our occupancy analysis using maximum likelihood estimates from 2 commercially‐available automated identification programs: Kaleidoscope and Echoclass. We sampled for a total of 2,174 detector‐nights. Both Kaleidoscope and Echoclass identified northern long‐eared bat passes on 110 detector‐nights, whereas on 1,968 detector‐nights neither program identified a northern long‐eared bat call. Only one program or the other identified northern long‐eared bat calls on 206 detector‐nights, indicating an overall agreement rate of 35% on nights when calls were detected. We analyzed these data using an occupancy analysis accounting for the potential for false positives to assess the relationship between northern long‐eared bat presence and habitat characteristics. Our analyses indicated that the probability of a false positive at a site was low (0.015; 95% CI 0.009–0.021), and detection probability, but not occupancy, declined from 2015 to 2016 for sites in Wisconsin sampled in both years. Occupancy was positively associated with distance into the forest interior (distance from nearest road). © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Centenarians, Semi-supercentenarians and the Emergence of Supercentenarians in Poland
Authors: Kroczek Wacław Jan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe primary objective of our research was to produce a list, as complete as possible, of validated Polish supercentenarians, that is, persons for whom there is satisfactory evidence that they attained age 110. Surprisingly, considering Poland’s tumultuous history, a great many of the registration records of events occurring long ago have survived. The research, begun in 2012, was done in state archives, church archives, county offices, and libraries, and we report the methodology and results here. Research was also done to obtain a list of the many more persons for whom there is satisfactory evidence that they attained age 105, but that research is not near completion.Although according to official statistics there were 69 deaths of supercentenarians in Poland between 2004 and 2016, we could only validate 14 supercentenarian deaths – all females – ever occurring in Poland. In contrast, there are 25 validated supercentenarians who were born in Poland and last resided elsewhere.We also present official detailed statistics on the number of persons, living and deceased, who attained age 100, by single year of age, and estimate the mortality of persons who attained age 105, based on these data, for the portion of Poland with better-quality information, and compare it to the German experience. Of course, because these official data have not been validated, any inferences drawn from them are not conclusive.
Extreme Longevity in Quebec: Factors and Characteristics
Authors: Beaudry-Godin Mélissa , Bourbeau Robert , Desjardins Bertrand 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe recent decrease in adult and late-life mortality led to a very rapid increase in the number of centenarians within low mortality countries. This chapter examines the increase in the number of centenarians in Quebec (Canada) across birth cohorts (1871–1901), and outlines some of the underlying demographic mechanisms involved. We study the demographic situation of centenarians from Quebec (Canada) using all aggregated data available since 1871 (census data, vital statistics, and population estimations). Census data and population estimates are taken from Statistics Canada, while vital statistics come from the Canadian Human Mortality Database (CHMD, 2014 www.bdlc.umontreal.ca) and the Institut de la statistique du Québec.With demographic indicators such as the centenarian ratio, the survival probabilities and the maximal age at death, we try to demonstrate the remarkable progress realised in old age mortality. We also analyze the determinants of the increase in the number of centenarians in Quebec: increase in the size of birth cohorts, increase in the probabilities of surviving from birth to age 80 and from age 80 to 100 for specific cohorts, change in the number of persons aged 100 and over relative to the number of persons reaching exact age 100 and net change due to migration and other factors (errors). This decomposition shows that, among the factors identified, the improvement in late-life mortality (from age 80 to 100) is the main determinant of the increase of the number of centenarians.This study stresses the importance of monitoring the number as well as the quality of life of this emerging population of centenarians. It also helps us gain greater perspective on what should be expected in the coming years among low mortality countries such as Canada.
The First Supercentenarians in History, and Recent 115 + −Year-Old Supercentenarians. An Introduction to the Following Chapters
Authors: Jeune Bernard , Poulain Michel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe established the Committee of Age Validation of Exceptional long-livers (CAVE) at our Supercentenarian Workshop in Tallinn in June 2016 with the aim of documenting the first supercentenarians in history. Another aim of this committee was to validate the longest-living supercentenarians; i.e., those who have reached the age of 115 years or older. The following chapters are the result of this work, and are therefore extensions of the chapters on the age validation of long-livers in earlier books (Jeune and Vaupel 1995; Jeune and Vaupel 1999a, b; Maier et al. 2010).
Geert Adriaans Boomgaard, the First Supercentenarian in History?
Authors: Chambre Dany , Jeune Bernard , Poulain Michel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis contribution presents the validation of the age at death of Geert Adriaans BOOMGAARD (GAB), a seaman who reached the age of 110. He was born in Groningen on 21 September 1788 and died in the same city on 3 February 1899. A remarkable number of documents have been found that cover the full span of GAB’s life, and thus make it possible to validate his reported exceptional age. In the first step of the validation, a comparison of the baptism and death records shows that the information provided is consistent, even if the spelling of the surnames of his parents reported in the two records is not identical. The reconstitution of GAB’s family and the dates of birth of his siblings also support the validity of GAB’s reported age at death. The demographic information covers the period between 1818 (the year of his first marriage) and 1837 (the year of birth of his last child). We found few documents that mention him during his early life before his first marriage, including a document from 1791 indicating that his father named his new boat De Jonge Geert as well as a list of conscripts from 1811 where his name appeared. By contrast, we found numerous documents covering the period from 1837 to 1899 that are related to his career as a seaman; the marriages of children; his entry into a nursing home; and various interviews, photos, and articles on his life that appeared in the press. All of these documents support the validity of GAB’s reported year of birth and age at death. Thus, GAB might be considered the first thoroughly validated supercentenarian in the history of humankind.
A Life Cycle of Extreme Survival Spanning Three Stages: Ana Vela Rubio (1901–2017)
Authors: Gómez-Redondo Rosa , Domènech Ramón 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDuring the life of Ana Vela Rubio (AVR), Spain underwent major social and demographic mutations and became a country with one of the highest life expectancies in the world. AVR’s case is of particular interest because of her extreme longevity. Before her death on 15 December 2017, she was the oldest living person in Europe and the third oldest living person in the world. For this reason, the work undertaken to verify AVR’s age followed not only the protocol established by the International Database on Longevity, completed by the authors in May 2017, but also a more in-depth verification based on different sources encompassing civil registry offices, parish registries and witness accounts by relatives and other persons in close contact with AVR. An atypical family structure hindered the research process, but the diversity of data sources, together with the interviews conducted during visits to the villages and cities where AVR lived during the three main stages in her life, made it possible to achieve our dual goal: to reconstruct AVR’s life trajectory across different Spanish regions and verify her age through a demographic investigation.
Validation of 113-Year Old Israel Kristal as the World’s Oldest Man
Authors: Kroczek Wacław Jan , Young Robert 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis book chapter provides a detailed description of the discovery, research, and validation of the case of Mr. Israel Kristal of Israel, 113, as the World’s Oldest Man titleholder for Guinness World Records. In this chapter, we show how modern scientific age validation criteria were applied to prove the credibility of the claims made about Mr. Kristal’s age. Due to the hardships Mr. Kristal faced in his early life, validating his age proved to be extremely difficult. While the first attempts to validate Mr. Kristal’s age were made in early 2014, a breakthrough in these investigative efforts did not occur until January 2016. To validate his age, the Gerontology Research Group contacted not only Mr. Kristal’s family, but also international institutions specializing in genealogical research. A special note of appreciation should go to the Jewish Records Indexing in Poland for their contributions to this investigation. As a result of this international cooperation, sufficient early-life, middle-life, and late-life evidence was obtained to meet modern validation standards. Israel Kristal was finally recognized as the oldest living man in the world on Mar. 11, 2016 (retroactive to Jan. 19, 2016). Israel Kristal is the second validated supercentenarian in the history of Israel, after Dr. Maria Pogonowska (1897–2009), who was also born in Poland. In addition, he is the current longevity record-holder of Israel.
Age Verification of Three Japanese Supercentenarians Who Reached Age 115
Authors: Gondo Yasuyuki , Hirose Nobuyoshi , Yasumoto Saori , Ishioka Yoshiko Lily , Inagaki Hiroki , Masui Yukie , Arai Yasumichi , Saito Yasuhiko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter describes the data sources that are available for verifying the ages of the oldest-old in Japan. These sources can be both official and non-official documents. The official documents consist primarily of education and employment records issued by administration offices. The non-official documents include the testimonies of the centenarians themselves, their relatives, and their care workers; as well as media reports. We collected information from these official and non-official sources in order to confirm that three Japanese individuals who had reportedly survived to age 115 were indeed that old. The first of these individuals is Mr. Jiroemon Kimura (J.K.), who spent most of his life in his birth place. In his case, we were able to gather information from various sources, including from official and non-official documents. But for the other two individuals, Mrs. Misao Okawa (M.O.) and Mrs. Chiyo Miyako (C.M.), who relocated several times within urban areas, we were able to collect only a limited amount of information. In particular, we were unable to find many official documents about their original family members. These three cases suggest that the availability of the data needed to verify the ages of individuals who were born around 1900 might differ depending on the following three conditions: whether the person has moved from his/her place of birth, whether the person has been living in rural or urban areas, and whether the person is male or female.
Age 115+ in the USA: An Update
Authors: Young Robert , Kroczek Waclaw Jan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn a companion chapter on this topic in the earlier Supercentenarians book (Young,“Age 115 or More in the United States: Fact or Fiction", Supercentenarians. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2010), validation information on eight Americans who survived to age 115 (as well as five claims to 115+ that were invalidated) was presented. This follow-up chapter presents the validation of another 10 Americans who either reached age 115+ since then or were subsequently validated: Augusta Holtz (115), Edna Parker (115), Gertrude Baines (115), Besse Cooper (116), Dina Manfredini (115), Gertrude Weaver (116), Jeralean Talley (116), Susannah Jones (116), Bernice Madigan (115), and Antonia Gerena Rivera (115). Also, an early Social Security Administration (hereafter SSA) study (Kestenbaum, Ferguson, Supercentenarians. Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2010) 115+ case, Lucy Hannah, has been invalidated.
Mortality of Centenarians in the United States
Authors: Kestenbaum Bert 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the United States, we have not yet reached the point where unedited numerators and denominators for death rates or probabilities are of satisfactory quality for measuring the mortality of centenarians. Ignoring this reality can lead to an estimation of extreme-age mortality which is unacceptable, as is the case for the NCHS’ Data Brief no. 233. Even the better-quality data from the Medicare health insurance program are beset by problems of (1) unreported or unrecorded deaths and (2) date of birth misstatement. On the other hand, there are steps that can be taken to improve the quality of the underlying data, so that the threshold age at which a mathematical model replaces actual data and closes out the life table is pushed further out.The paper begins with a description of the unacceptable results published in Data Brief no. 233 and a critical examination of their sources. The main part of the paper presents some steps to improve the quality of the Medicare enrollment counts. By rearranging the historical series on Medicare enrollment by cohort, it is possible to eliminate unreported and unrecorded deaths. A simple model is then introduced to deal with date of birth misstatement.
Causes of Death Among 9000 Danish Centenarians and Semisuper-Centenarians in the 1970–2012 Period
Authors: Kaalby Lasse , Skytthe Axel , Andersen-Ranberg Karen , Jeune Bernard 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs most centenarians suffer from multiple diseases, they are at high risk of dying – but what do they ultimately die of? This question has scarcely been examined. We have carried out a register-based study of the causes of death (CoD) among Danish centenarians. Among 8559 centenarian deaths in the 1970–2012 period, the most common CoD was in the category of cardio- and cerebrovascular diseases (CVD); at the end of the study period, this CoD accounted for one-third of the deaths in this age group. The mortality rate for CVD as an underlying CoD was more than halved during the period (from 358 to 170 per 1000 person-years). In contrast, the mortality rate for cancer remained stable during the whole period, but at a very low level (15–20 per 1000 person-years). Cancer made up a much smaller share of underlying CoDs among this age group (3–4%) than among 85–99-year-olds (15%). The mortality rate for pneumonia remained at a constant level (about 50 per 1000 person-years) of around 10% among centenarians and 5% among 85–99-year-olds. The underlying CoD groups that were reported with increasing frequency during the period were mental diseases, including dementia, which increased sevenfold; and ill-defined conditions/senility, which increased fourfold. The latter CoD group accounted for 28% of deaths among centenarians in the most recent years, and for more than one-third of deaths among semi-supercentenarians (aged 105–109). The increase in the proportion of deaths for which the CoD was listed as ill-defined conditions/senility was probably partly due to the under-diagnosis of diseases among centenarians, especially of heart diseases. However, a substantial proportion of these deaths may have been attributable to “old age” – i.e., a combination of several diseases and organ deficiencies – and not to a single underlying cause.