bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the clinical examination in thediagnosis of acute medial collateral ligament injury of the knee joint in comparism with examination under general anesthesia
Authors: Sabri Laith Saleem 
Published: December 2020

Background: Tear of MCL of the knee is a frequent problem among knee ligaments injuries.Injuries to the MCL are usually caused by contact on the outside of the knee and are accompanied by sharp pain on the inside of the knee. Contrary to most other knee ligaments the medial collateral ligament (MCL) has an excellent ability to heal, being fairly large and well vascularised structure. The vast majority of isolated medial ligament injuries heal without significant long-term problems
Objectives: is to compare between the early clinical examination, and assessment under general anesthesia (GA), and to find out the best methods to assess the MCL tear especially in suspected cases.
Type of the study:Cross- sectional study.
Methods: Fifty patients are collected from casualty & outpatient units from November/2014 to October/2016 with MCL injury in AL-Kindy teaching hospital.We decided to evaluate them under general anesthesia by valgus stress test at 30 degrees & 0 degrees to estimate the integrity of MCL, in addition to anterior &posterior Drawer test to evaluate anterior &posterior cruciate ligaments
Results: : From the 50 patients we select, there were 21 patients seen in the examination to have MCL tear.1 of them were Grade I ( 4.8% ),14 of them were Grade II (66.7% ),&6 of them were Grade III (28.5%)Associated injuries with ACL injury were 5 patients, with PCL injury were 1 patient and with medial capsular injury were 2 patients. Follow up of case range from (2-10) weeks with an average of 6 weeks combined with physiotherapy programs.
Conclusions: Diagnosis of MCL tear by valgus stress test under GA is the best method for the assessment of MCL tear in suspected cases.
Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus in Beta thalassemic patients attending blood diseases center in Ibn- AL -Baladi Hospital, Baghdad
Authors: Ali Zena Hussain 
Published: December 2020

Background: Thalassemias are a group of heterogeneous genetic disorders, in which the rate of production of hemoglobin is partially or completely suppressed due to reduced rate of synthesis of α or β- chain
Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of Hepatitis C infection among B thalassemia patients attending Ibn-AL-Baladi center of blood diseases in AL-Sader city, in AL-Resafa Quarter of Baghdad and to determine the possible risk factors.
Type of the study: Cross- sectional study.
Methods: A cross sectional study conducted on B Thalassemia patients attending the blood diseases center in Ibn-AL-Baladi hospital during the period from 1st of July till the 31st of December 2015.
Results: All of 400 eligible patients, who were recruited to be included in this study, were accepted to participate in the study giving an overall response rate 100%. The prevalence rate of Hepatitis C according to anti HCV antibody test among the study group was 26%.
Conclusions: we conclude that about quarter of Iraqi thalassemic patients visiting the thalassemia center in Ibn-AL-Baladi hospital have HCV infection
Metabolic Syndrome; Comparing the Results of Three Definition Criteria in an Iraqi Sample
Authors: Al-Azzawi Omar Farooq 
Published: December 2020

Background: Different diagnostic definition and criteria have been recommended by different expert groups for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome, however, it’s prevalence in the same population could differ depending on the definition used yielding different results. In Iraq, there is a lack of research comparing these different diagnostic definitions.
Objective: To find out the most suitable metabolic syndrome definition to be used for Iraqi people.
Methods: 320 participants were recruited for this study, 53.4% men and 46.6% women, aged between 25-85 years, visiting Baghdad Teaching Hospital, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to different definitions were compared and the agreement was assessed by the Kappa statistic.
Results: Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 37.8%, 40.6% and 46.9% participants respectively for the National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III 2005, International Diabetes Federation 2005 and the recently (2009) revised International Diabetes Federation definition. The prevalence was higher in women than in men, independent of the criteria used. The Kappa statistics suggested that the agreement between the three definitions ranged from good-to-very good,
Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome was high in this Iraqi cohort regardless of the definition used. The recently (2009) revised International Diabetes Federation definition may be more suitable in diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in Iraq.
The Prevalence of Acetabular Retroversion among Adult Patients Presenting with Hip Pain in Orthopedic Clinic of Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital
Authors: Shafeeq Ali E. , Sabri Laith S. , Umran Haider Umran 
Published: December 2020

Background: Acetabular retroversion has been proposed to contribute to the development of pain and osteoarthritis of the hip. Conventional anteroposterir (AP) pelvic radiographs may represent a reliable, easily available diagnostic modality.
Objective: To obtained a reproducible technique allowing the anterior and posterior acetabular rims to be visible for assessment
Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from December 2015 to March 2017 targeting patients with hip pain in orthopedic clinic of Al-Kindy teaching hospital. The study sample consisted of 100 patients with hip pain who were investigated with Antroposterior pelvic plain x-ray, which was done for all patients, looking for cross-over sign, the patients with positive cross-over sign radiographs were sent for CT scan to ensure retroversion of acetabulum.
Results: Presence of a cross over sign was documented in 9 patients (9%). From these 9 patient only 8 were proved by CT scan to have retroverted acetabulum. Then the prevalence was 8%.
Conclusion: The cross-over sign is a reliable indicator for diagnosis of acetabular retroversion and the presence of a cross-over sign in a plain film should heighten awareness of the advisability of proceeding to full assessment .
Application of Surgical Safety Checklist in Operating Theatre at Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital
Authors: Hindosh Laith N. 
Published: December 2020

Background: A core set of checks have been incorporated into World Health Organization (WHO) WHO surgical safety checklist. Lack of access to basic surgical care remains a major concern in low-income settings.
Objective: We use a WHO surgical safety checklist items to improve team communication and cooperation to help in reduction of morbidity and mortality of surgical procedures.
Methods: This is a prospective study involving 300 patients after applying the 19 items of the surgical safety checklist with different types of operations had been operated in the surgical theater at Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital during the period 1st of September 2016 until 1st of March 2017. We follow up the patients until 30 days after surgical intervention.
Results: After applying the 19 items of surgical safety checklist, the risk of the surgical site infection, respiratory complications, retained gauze and risk of blood loss [14% , 4.6% , 1.3% , and 2% respectively] was comparable to the results of the World Health Organization. Using the pulse oximetry in 94 % and site marked in 65.3%. In 64.6% of patients received antibiotic prophylaxis in which just 4 % developed surgical site infection [SSI], while in extended regime 36.67% there is 10% developed SSI. No mortality reported during collection of the data.
Conclusions: The surgical safety checklist is a simple method, and there is evidence for its effectiveness in reducing complications in clinical use. WHO recommends use of the checklist in all surgical operations and encourages clinicians to modify the list for different specialties and hospitals.
Effect of HLA-B27 on Development of Psoriatic Arthropathy
Authors: Abdullah Galawisah A. , Zalzala Haider H. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Psoriatic arthritis is a type of arthritis that can often affect some patients who suffer from psoriasis. Approximately 40-50% of individuals with psoriatic arthritis have the HLA-B27 genotype
Objective: To investigate whether we could confirm the role of HLA-B27 alleles and psoriatic arthritis in Iraqi Arab Muslims patients.
Method: A cross sectional case control comparative study included thirty Iraqi Arab Muslims who had psoriatic arthritis that consulted the Dermatological and Rheumatological Department in AL-Kindy Teaching Hospital from November 2014 to June 2015. HLA-genotyping for HLA-B27 were assessed. A control group consisted of fifty-one healthy volunteers among the staff of Al-Kindy College of Medicine that did not have psoriatic arthritis or family history of psoriasis. HLA-B*27allele was done by using an Exicycler TM 96 Real-time Quantitative Thermal Block (Bioneer, Daejeon, Korea) and Accupower, HLA-B27 real-time PCR kit (Bioneer, Daejeon , Korea)
Results: Plaque type psoriasis is more common than other types of psoriasis (66% versus 34%). There is no association between psoriatic arthritis and HLA-B27 with p-value of 0.1197 and Odds ratio (confidence interval) of 2.9375 (0.755-11.415).
Conclusions: HLA B*27 is not associated with psoriatic arthritis in Iraqi Arab Muslims patients.
Evaluation of Application of Nutritional Status Assessment for Children Under 5 years by Using IMCI Program in a Sample of Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City
Authors: Raoof Samir M. , Raoof Rana D. , Ibraheem Mohammed A. 
Published: December 2020

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nation International Children Fund (UNICEF) developed a strategy known as Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI); which aims to reduce less than five years children morbidity and mortality in developing countries.
Objective: To assess the completion of the IMCI format status in primary health care centers, Baghdad.
Methods: A cross sectional study with analytic element was conducted during the period from 15th of January till 15th May 2016 in selected Primary health centers in Baghdad, Iraq. The sample consists of form of child files less than 2 months and form from 2 month up to 5 years children. Classified correctively, determined follow up visits, Comparison classified of nutritional status assessment between health center and IMCI guideline.
Result: 1400 child files were collected, 1295 from child files (2months-5year), and 105 forms from child less than 2 month. In form less than 2 months (correct classified 54.29%, incorrect 45.71%), (Determined date of follow up 13.33%, not determined 86.67%).Form from (2month-5years) (57.07% correct classified, 43.93% incorrect classified), (Determined date Follow up visit 38.38%, Not determined visit 61.62%).
Conclusion: Impaired classification of nutritional status assessment
Epidemiological Study of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital/ Baghdad
Authors: Al-Wakeel Suha N. , Al Rubiae Khansa A. , Al-Wakeel Suha N. , Hanoudi Basil M. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease is viral disease caused commonly by coxsackie virus A16 virus. It is a mild disease and children usually recover with no specific treatment within 7 to 10 days. Rarely, this illness may be associated with aseptic meningitis were patient may need hospitalization.
Objective: To determine significance of clinical features of hand, foot and mouth disease.
Methods: A cross sectional study of cases with clinical features of hand, foot and mouth disease visiting the dermatological consultation unit of Al Kindy teaching hospital. Sampling was for Zyona and Edressi Quarter patients over the period of 1st December 2017 to 30th of November 2017.
Aim: To determine significance of clinical features of hand, foot and mouth disease
Results: The mean age of patients (100 patients) was 29.99 months. Males were 65 (65%) and females were 35 (35%), (P 0.23). Tenderness of skin lesions, Malaise and decreased Appetite were the most frequent symptoms. Winter months illness was common .Cases were diagnosed two days before seeking medical help, while home contact of patients was most common place for infection transmission .Involvement of palms and soles was universal and indifferent (100%). Groin was more commonly affected (67%), (P 0.015). Fever was present in 81%.
The Role of Breast Sonography and Ductography in the Evaluation of Different Causes of the Nipple Discharge
Authors: Al-Ani Ahlam J Kalaf 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Background : The aim of this work is to assess the role of breast sonography and ductography in the evaluation of different causes of nipple discharge.
Methods : The study will be carried out on twenty-five female patients referred to the Radiodiagnosis department at Alexandria Main University Hospital presenting with nipple discharge.
They were divided into two groups:
Group I include 10 patients (40%) with surgically significant nipple discharge who were the patients with unilateral, uniorificial surgically significant colour type nipple discharge .They were investigated by mammography, sonography, and ductography.
Group II include 15 patients (60%) with surgically insignificant nipple discharge. They were further subdivided into 9 patients (36%) with unilateral multiorificial and 6 patients (24%) with bilateral nipple discharge. They were subjected to mammography ,sonography without ductography.
Results Nipple discharge is the release of fluid from the nipple. It is the third most common breast complaint for women seek medical attention, after lumps and breast pain. It is a symptomatic problem that causes many women both discomfort and anxiety.
Conclusion : The current study showed certain diagnostic sonographic features for patients of multiple papillomatosis was agreed with studies carried out
Key words : Breast, Ductography, Nipple

Corresponding address to :
Dr. Ahlam Jamil Al-Ani m.b.b.ch.
Al- Faloja Hospital
Electrocautery versus cold steel tonsillectomy comparison study
Authors: Abdul Aema Firas Baheej 
Published: December 2020

Objective: the objective of this study was to compare the intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative time, postoperative pain and secondary hemorrhage between electrodissection and cold steel dissection tonsillectomy.
Methods: One hundred and six patients were enrolled in this study, the patients were randomly allocated into electrodissection group A (n=51) and cold steel dissection tonsillectomy group B (n=53). All patients are above 7 years and had history of recurrent tonsillitis and/or tonsillar hypertrophy with obstructive symptoms. Intraoperative parameters and postoperative outcome were assessed.
Results: In group A patients had statically significant less operative time and blood loss than group B early postoperative pain was not differ significantly between the two groups, however late onset pain (pain on the 7th day) was significantly higher in group A. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding secondary hemorrhage.
Conclusion: Electrodissection tonsillectomy is rapid, safe and effective method of tonsillectomy with obvious advantage of minimum perioperative blood loss, lower operative time and without early post-operative pain difference when compared to cold steel dissection tonsillectomy. Although it has some disadvantage of late postoperative pain.
K. wire fixation versus conservative treatment of closed displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures
Authors: Al-Edanni Mohammed Sh. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Calcaneus is a spongy cancellous bone with rich blood supply , its fracture heals more rapidly providing no occurrence of infection and soft tissue injury around ,no gross malposition of fragments. The associated pain leads to a major impairment in life quality. The aim of treatment for calcaneal fractures is the decrease of pain and rebuilding of walking ability for patients with normal foot shape and the ability to wear normal foot wear. To reduce complications, a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of displaced intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus was preferred to use.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the closed reduction and percutaneous K. wire fixation of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures results in better functional outcome at a minimum one year follow up after the injury compared with those after non-operative management.
Methods: One hundred and eleven displaced closed intra-articular calcaneal fracture in 105 patients (six were bilateral) were seen at the orthopedic department of Al-Kindy teaching hospital and Shaih Zaid hospital , only 45 cases included in this study and prospectively evaluated with an average follow-up time of minimum of one year (1–3years follow-up). For radiographic evaluation, plain radiographs and CT scans were obtained. The Maryland Foot Score was used for clinical estimate. Sanders type II, III and IV fractures were diagnosed.
Results: The incidence of subtalar arthritis was correlated with the severity of fracture. Böhler’s angle was restored in 70.1% (47 of 67) of the cases. The majority (77.7%) of patients were content with their treatment result. The rate of significant complications was 6.5%.
Discussion: Percutaneous K. wire fixation of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures presented minimally invasive technique which showed comparable results with a low rate of serious complications and is a viable alternative for the treatment of intra-articular, dislocated calcaneal fractures.
Conclusions: the functional results after K. wires fixation of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures were better than those after non-operative care.
Comparison between the Patterns of Common Breast Diseases Presenting as Breast Lumps in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Married Women
Authors: Mohamed Zena kassim 
Published: December 2020

Background: Breast lump is one of the most common prevalent complaint of patients attending breast clinics.
Objective: To determine if there is any change in the pattern of common breast, diseases presenting as breast lumps between pregnant and non-pregnant women among patients attending Al-Elwiya Breast Clinic.
Methods: This is a cross – sectional study, with convent's patient sampling setting in AL-Elwiya Breast Cancer Early Detection Clinic from 1st Feb. to 1st May 2018, we collected data from patients with breast lumps including the age groups, pregnancy status, parity status, previous breast diseases, hormonal drugs, menstrual cycle, breast feeding. Breast lump was examined, sonography and needle biopsy, and histopathology.
Results: This study involves 306 married patients, fibro adenoma was the commonest pathology in the age group 20-29 year-old (29.9%) followed by Aberration of Normal Development and Involution which was found mainly in 30-39-year-old age group (36.1%). Carcinoma found mainly in the >40-year-old age group (10.3%).
Aberration of Normal Development and Involution was the main pathology in non-pregnant patients (36.1%), in pregnant patients fibro adenoma is the commonest (35.7%).
Conclusion: The majority of breast lumps are benign. In pregnant women, fibro adenoma is the commonest, while in non-pregnant women, Aberration of Normal Development and Involution is the main cause of breast lumps
A Comparison between High Ablative Versus Usual Dosages of Iodine-131 in Inducing Hypothyroidism After One Year of Therapy in Hyperthyroid Patients
Authors: Flayyeh Thamer S 
Published: December 2020

Background: Radioactive iodine-131 therapy is highly effective in treating patients with hyperthyroidism. An ablative dose is preferred by a number of endocrinologists, and, a fixed dose protocol seems to be better than a calculated dose in real practice.
Objective: To check for hypothyroidism in hyperthyroid patients one year after RAI therapy, comparing between the results of high ablative versus usual dosages of RAI-131.
Methods: This study included 174 hyperthyroid patients, 101 males and 73 females, divided into 2 groups, the first consisted of 162 patients given a usual fixed dose of RAI while the second consisted of 12 patients given a high fixed ablative dose of RAI. The study lasted about 2 years from August 2000 till July 2002 in the Specialized Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, Baghdad.
Results: Out of 162 patients in the first group, 11 patients (6.8%), developed hypothyroidism compared to 4 patients out of 12 (33.3% ) in the second group ( p < 0.05).
Conclusion: A high ablative dose RAI has a better outcome regarding hypothyroidism than a usual dose, although, endocrinologists have different opinions regarding this issue.
Satisfaction of Patients with Type II Diabetes on Health Service in Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes /Baghdad 2019
Authors: Kadium Nazik L 
Published: December 2020

Background: Patient satisfaction is of increasing importance and widely recognized as an important indicator of quality of the medical care. There was no homogeneous definition of patient satisfaction, since satisfaction concerns different aspects of care or settings, as well as care given by various professions.
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the patients’ level of satisfaction with diabetes care and to identify the underlying factors influencing it.
Methods: This cross-sectional study had been conducted in the Specialized Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology in Baghdad Al- Rusafa 2018. Where150 type two diabetic patients attending their follow-up were requested to fill the questionnaire. The questionnaire identified patients, doctors, and practice related factors. For statistical analysis of the data, SPSS Version 24 was used, and the Chi-square statistical test was applied, A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The study showed that the overall level of satisfaction was 79.3%. There was a statistically significant association between age group, gender, profession, educational level and marital status where P value 0.001 for all variables.
Conclusion: It was concluded from the study that patients’ satisfaction was high. Majority of the diabetic patients were satisfied with health services, the level of satisfaction increases with age, female gender, and married patients, but it decreases with a high level of education and profession. High level of dissatisfaction seen on treatment services