bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated proteome and transcriptome analyses revealed key factors involved in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under high temperature stress
Authors: Ding Haidong , Mo Shuangrong , Qian Ying , Yuan Guibo , Wu Xiaoxia , Ge Cailin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHigh temperature (HT) is an important environmental factor affecting crops growth, development, and yield. Transcriptome and proteome technologies developed in recent years can provide deeper and more reliable data to decipher the mechanisms of HT response. In the present study, the transcriptome analysis with RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) and integrative analysis on obtained proteomic data were performed in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves under HT stress (42°C for 4 hr). In total, 3,531 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 268 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were explored. The quantitative data were validated by qRT‐PCR and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Upon mapping of the DEGs/DEPs to the KEGG pathway database, “protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum” was found to be the most significant enrichment pathway both at the transcriptional and protein levels, suggesting that endoplasmic reticulum stress may play a central role in HT tolerance. Furthermore, transcriptome‐proteome integrative analysis revealed 91 genes shared both in DEGs and DEPs, of which 79 correlations with the same changing trends were most associated with stress response and protein folding. Among these, a HT response gene designated SlBAG5 of unknown function received attention. The full‐length of SlBAG5 was cloned and ectopically overexpressed in Arabidopsis, which displayed thermosensitive phenotype. Taken together, this work provides deep insight into the molecular mechanisms of plant thermotolerance and also facilitates the identification of the key potential genes/proteins for HT response.
Photoperiod control of yield and sink capacity in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) genotypes
Authors: Kendabie Presidor , Jørgensen Søren T. , Massawe Festo , Fernandez Jose , Azam‐Ali Sayed , Mayes Sean 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L) Verdc], long photoperiods can cause a decline in pod and seed number. While negative photoperiod effects on pod yield have been reported, positive effects and the existence of genotypes less sensitive for photoperiod have not been reported. Ten geographically diverse genotypes were evaluated over 3 years under short and long photoperiod for yield‐related traits (pod number, pod weight, seed number, seed weight, and 100 seed weight), pod growth habit (geocarpic or ageocarpic pods), peduncle elongation and soil penetration, and pod set/abortion. Anatomical sections of gynophores and embryonic pod development of a highly photoperiod sensitive genotype “Ankpa‐4” from Nigeria were examined. A strong photoperiodic effect on yield component traits (pod number, pod weight, seed number, seed weight, and 100 seed weight) was observed and with considerable variation between genotypes. Three classes of photoperiod effect on pod yield were identified, (a) qualitative short‐day types; (b) quantitative short‐day types; and (c) quantitative long‐day types. In long photoperiods, above‐ground vegetative biomass and the length of lateral branches in some genotypes increased by at least twofold. Morphological and anatomical characterization of gynophores and developing pods of the most sensitive line shows continuous geocarpic growth, but with healthy embryonic pods failing to enlarge after soil penetration. Results from the yield patterns of the three phenotypic classes confirm that pods and seeds are high priority sinks, and long photoperiod alters the balance in assimilate distribution between competing yield forming processes and vegetative sinks. By exploiting the genetic variation characterized here for photoperiod requirement for pod filling, the geographical range of this crop could be extended beyond current growing regions. In the near future, we anticipate that Bambara groundnut will become a significant contributor to global food, nutritional, and environmental security once these photoperiod issues are resolved.
Modulation of the host microbiome by black raspberries or their components and the therapeutic implications in cancer
Authors: Peiffer Daniel S 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBlack raspberries (BRB) and their components have been demonstrated to prevent and inhibit the progression of cancers including oral, breast, esophageal, and colon in both preclinical studies and human clinical trials. The mechanism for their anticancer effect appears to vary by organ system, and include their anti‐inflammatory, antiproliferative, antiangiogenic, and pro‐apoptotic properties. Given findings that suggest that the host microbiome plays a distinct role in the development and progression of cancer, there has been a recent focus on discerning if BRB and their constituents modulate gut microbe levels. This review summarizes the reported effects BRB and their constituents have on the human microbiome and the implications that this has for their use in conjunction with traditional chemotherapies. BRB and their components have been shown to modulate the human gut flora in a positive manner, namely by promoting the population of the gut with “good” bacteria. These include BRB, their major polyphenol anthocyanins (AC), the major metabolite of AC protocatechuic acid (PCA), ellagic acid, and its major metabolite the urolithins. All of these components have been shown to modulate the gut flora, with variations between the individual components. This is in comparison to chemotherapeutic drugs including platinum‐based entities and 5‐flourouracil, which have been reported to negatively impact the human microbiome, leading to dysbiosis. Given these parallel findings, recent studies have attempted to discern if BRB or their components may reverse the negative effects traditional chemotherapies have on the gut microbiome, and if this results in an improvement in therapeutic outcomes.
Ozonation of three different fungal conidia associated with apple disease: Importance of spore surface and membrane phospholipid oxidation
Authors: Pagès Marielle , Kleiber Didier , Violleau Frédéric 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlthough ozone (O3) is a well‐known bactericide and fungicide, the required dose of ozone can depend significantly on the targeted pathogens. The present research evaluates the variation in sensibility to ozone of three fungal species from a single fungal group. The three fungal species selected, Venturia inaequalis, Botrytis cinerea, and Neofabreae alba, belong to the Ascomycota group and attack apples. The fungi were exposed to ozone by bubbling directly into the spore solutions (treatment period ranged from 0.5 to 4 min, ozone concentration in inlet gas ranged from 1 to 30 g/m3). The rates of germination were determined, and the level of peroxidation of the lipid membrane was quantified based on the malondialdehyde (MDA) production. The results indicate that ozone effectively reduces spore development and suggest that the fungi differ in sensitivity. To reduce by 50% the spore germination rate of N. alba, B. cinerea, and V. inaequalis requires ozone doses of 0.01, 0.03, and 0.07 mg/ml, respectively. Spore sensitivity seems to be directly linked to spore surface. For all the fungal species, the MDA level and the level of spore inactivation both increase with ozone dose, which confirms that ozone alters the cell membrane.
Therapeutic and nutraceutical potentials of a brown seaweed Sargassum fusiforme
Authors: Liu Jian , Luthuli Sibusiso , Yang Yue , Cheng Yang , Zhang Ya , Wu Mingjiang , Choi Jong‐il , Tong Haibin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSargassum fusiforme, also known as Yangqicai (羊栖菜) in Chinese and Hijiki in Japanese, is a brown seaweed that grows abundantly along the rocky coastlines of Asian countries such as Japan, Korea, and China. The first use of S. fusiforme as a traditional Chinese medicinal plant was recorded in the Shennong Bencao Jing, dated 200 AD. It was referred to as Haizao (seaweed), renowned for treating Yinglu (tumor‐like induration), dysuria, and edema. Currently, it is commonly used in traditional cuisine as it is rich in dietary fiber and minerals such as calcium, iron, and magnesium. Owing to its health benefits, S. fusiforme remains popular in China, Korea, and Japan, as well as in the UK and in North America. Currently, there is a lack of research on S. fusiforme; thus, we review the therapeutic effects of S. fusiforme, such as anticancer, antiangiogenic, and antiviral effects, in vitro and in vivo as reported during the past two decades. This review may promote further research on the therapeutic uses of S. fusiforme. Furthermore, we discuss the processes and considerations involved in using drugs produced from marine sources.
Longitudinal functional brain network reconfiguration in healthy aging
Authors: Malagurski Brigitta , Liem Franziskus , Oschwald Jessica , Mérillat Susan , Jäncke Lutz 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHealthy aging is associated with changes in cognitive performance and functional brain organization. In fact, cross‐sectional studies imply lower modularity and significant heterogeneity in modular architecture across older subjects. Here, we used a longitudinal dataset consisting of four occasions of resting‐state‐fMRI and cognitive testing (spanning 4 years) in 150 healthy older adults. We applied a graph‐theoretic analysis to investigate the time‐evolving modular structure of the whole‐brain network, by maximizing the multilayer modularity across four time points. Global flexibility, which reflects the tendency of brain nodes to switch between modules across time, was significantly higher in healthy elderly than in a temporal null model. Further, global flexibility, as well as network‐specific flexibility of the default mode, frontoparietal control, and somatomotor networks, were significantly associated with age at baseline. These results indicate that older age is related to higher variability in modular organization. The temporal metrics were not associated with simultaneous changes in processing speed or learning performance in the context of memory encoding. Finally, this approach provides global indices for longitudinal change across a given time span and it may contribute to uncovering patterns of modular variability in healthy and clinical aging populations.
Revenge is sweet: Investigation of the effects ofApproach‐Motivatedanger on theRewPin the motivated anger delay (MAD) paradigm
Authors: Threadgill A. Hunter , Gable Philip A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPast research has found that neural activity associated with feedback processing is enhanced by positive approach‐motivated states. However, no past work has examined how reward processing changes in the context of revenge. Using a novel aggression paradigm, we sought to explore the influence of approach‐motivated anger on neural responses to feedback indicating the opportunity to seek revenge against an offending opponent by examining the reward positivity (RewP), an event‐related potential indexing performance feedback. In Experiment 1, after receiving insulting feedback from an opponent, participants played a reaction time game with three trial types: revenge trials, aggravation trials, and no‐consequence trials. Results revealed that RewP amplitudes were larger to revenge trial win feedback than no‐consequence trial win feedback or revenge trial loss feedback. RewP amplitudes were larger to both aggravation trial win and loss feedback than on no‐consequence trials. Experiment 2 examined the influence of approach‐motivated anger during the acquisition of rewards on the RewP without the possibility of retribution from the offending individual. Participants played a reaction time game similar to Experiment 1, except instead of giving or receiving noise blasts, participants could win money from the insulter (revenge trials) or a neutral‐party (e.g., bank). Results indicated that revenge wins elicited larger RewP amplitudes than bank wins. These results suggest that anger enhances revenge‐related RewP amplitudes to obtaining revenge opportunities and further aggravation wins or losses. Anger appears to enhance the pleasurable feelings of revenge.
Fatigue and Pruritus in Patients with Advanced Fibrosis Due to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: The Impact on Patient‐Reported Outcomes
Authors: Younossi Zobair M , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun , Anstee Quentin M. , Romero‐Gomez Manuel , Trauner Michael H. , Harrison Stephen A. , Lawitz Eric J. , Okanoue Takeshi , Camargo Marianne , Kersey Kathryn , Myers Robert P. , Goodman Zachary , Stepanova Maria 
Published: August 2020

Fatigue and pruritus are common in patients with chronic liver diseases of all etiologies, but clinical awareness is mostly restricted to those with cholestatic liver diseases. We assessed the impact of fatigue and pruritus on patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) of patients with advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Specifically, PROs (Short Form–36, Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire–NASH, Euro‐Qol 5 Dimension, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment instruments) were assessed at baseline in patients with histologically confirmed bridging fibrosis (F3) or compensated cirrhosis (F4) due to NASH enrolled in STELLAR 3 and 4. Presence of fatigue and pruritus were indicated by a score of 4 or less on the respective items of the Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire–NASH (scale range, 1‐7). Among the included 1,669 patients with advanced NASH (mean age = 58 ± 9 years, 48% F3, 42% with psychiatric comorbidities), 33% and 27% had fatigue and pruritus, respectively. Patients with NASH with fatigue were younger, more likely to be female, cirrhotic, and diabetic, and had higher body mass index and more comorbidities (all P < 0.05). All PRO scores of patients with fatigue were significantly impaired (mean up to −31% of a PRO range size in comparison to patients without fatigue). In multivariate analysis, predictors of fatigue included diabetes, history of depression or nervous system comorbidities, and lower serum albumin (P < 0.05). Patients with pruritus had demographic characteristics similar to those with fatigue, but a higher prevalence of dermatologic comorbidities. All PROs were impaired (by up to −19% of a range size, all P < 0.01) in patients with NASH with pruritus. Female gender, lower serum albumin, and a history of depression, nervous system, and dermatologic comorbidities were associated with increased risk of pruritus (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Clinically significant fatigue and pruritus are common in patients with advanced NASH, and these symptoms negatively affect PROs.
Spatial encoding in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus is related during deliberation
Authors: Hasz Brendan M. , Redish A. David 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDeliberation is thought to involve the internal simulation of the outcomes of candidate actions, the valuation of those outcomes, and the selection of the actions with the highest expected value. While it is known that deliberation involves prefrontal cortical areas, specifically the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), as well as the hippocampus (HPC) and other brain regions, how these areas process prospective information and select actions is not well understood. We recorded simultaneously from ensembles in dmPFC and CA1 of dorsal HPC in rats during performance of a spatial contingency switching task, and examined the relationships between spatial and reward encoding in these two areas during deliberation at the choice point. We found that CA1 and dmPFC represented either goal locations or the current position simultaneously, but that when goal locations were encoded, HPC and dmPFC did not always represent the same goal location. Ensemble activity in dmPFC predicted when HPC would represent goal locations, but on a broad timescale on the order of seconds. Also, reward encoding in dmPFC increased during hippocampal theta cycles where CA1 ensembles represented the goal location. These results suggest that dmPFC and HPC share prospective information during deliberation, that dmPFC may influence whether HPC represents prospective information, and that information recalled about goal locations by HPC may be integrated into dmPFC reward representations on fast timescales.
Pediatric randomized trial EORTC CLG 58951: Outcome for adolescent population with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Olivier‐Gougenheim Laura , Arfeuille Chloe , Suciu Stefan , Sirvent Nicolas , Plat Geneviève , Ferster Alina , de Moerloose Barbara , Domenech Carine , Uyttebroeck Anne , Rohrlich Pierre‐Simon , Cavé Helene , Bertrand Yves 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOver the years, the prognosis of adolescents treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has improved. However, this age group still represents a challenge with an overall survival (OS) of 60% compared to 85% in younger children. Herein, we report the outcome of adolescents treated in the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 58951 clinical trial. EORTC 58951 clinical trial included patients with de novo ALL between 1998 and 2008. For this study, we analyzed data of all adolescents between 15 and under 18. Data from 97 adolescents were analyzed, 70 had B‐lineage and 27 had T‐lineage ALL. The 8‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and OS for the B‐cell precursor ALL cases were 72.3% (59.4%–81.7%) and 80.8% (67.4%–89.1%), respectively. For the T‐lineage, the 8‐year EFS and OS were 57.4% (36.1%–74.0%) and 59.0% (36.1%–76.2%), respectively. “B‐other” ALL, defined as BCP‐ALL lacking any known recurrent genetic abnormalities were more frequent in our adolescent population (52.8%) than in younger children (27.1%). Outcome of adolescents in the EORTC 58951 study is supporting the findings that adolescents have better outcome in pediatric compared to adults' trials. Nevertheless, in pediatric studies, adolescents still have a worse prognosis than younger children. Despite the fact that specific unfavorable characteristics may be linked to the adolescent population, a careful study and characterization of adolescents “B‐other” genetic abnormalities in ALL is critical to improve the outcome of this population.
Utility of a scale to assess Australian children’s perceptions of their swimming competence and factors associated with child and parent perception
Authors: De Pasquale Carla , De Sousa Morgado Liliane , Jidovtseff Boris , De Martelaer Kristine , Barnett Lisa M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIssue AddressedDrowning is a global public health issue. Aims were to assess: (a) face validity of the “Pictorial Scale of Perceived Water Competence (PSPWC),” (b) the association between child and parent perception of child swimming competence and (c) factors associated with perception of child swimming competence.MethodsChild‐parent dyads and swim instructors were recruited for a mixed method study. Children aged 4‐8 years (n = 51) reported on: familiarity, progressions and their own swim competence in 17 swimming situations. Parents (n = 51) reported on child competence and swimming experience. Swim instructors (n = 15) were interviewed. Spearman's rank correlation was used to assess whether child and parent swim perception were associated. The Mann‐Whitney U test, Wilcoxon signed‐rank test or Kruskal‐Wallis test were used to assess which factors were associated with child and/or parent report.ResultsChildren reported high familiarity of scenarios and could sequence items. Swim instructors concluded the PSPWC depicted swim skills accurately. There was no association between child and parent perception of children's swimming ability. Swimming level was positively associated with child perception but not parent proxy report. Swimming lesson experience, child sex, country of birth and disadvantage were not associated with child perception or parent proxy report. Older children perceived higher swimming competence but parent report was not associated with child age.ConclusionsChildren have a better understanding of their swim competence than their parents do, suggesting parent education is needed.So what?The PSPWC could be used by teachers (both swimming and classroom) to inform parents how their child estimates their swim competence. If use of this tool was incorporated into education practice this could assist in creating awareness, which can be the start of advocacy towards the creation of policy to assist in the provision of accessible swim education for all Australian children.
Downsizing and surviving employees' engagement and strain: The role of job resources and job demands
Authors: Dlouhy Katja , Casper Anne 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDownsizing is widely assumed to detrimentally affect surviving employees' engagement and health through increased demands and decreased resources. Building on job demands–resources theory, we assess whether these effects occur and whether job demands and resources moderate the detrimental effects of downsizing on employee health and engagement. We conceptualize downsizing as a stressor event, and we explain its relationship with employee health through the job demands work overload and job insecurity are (two) job demands, as well as its relationship with employee engagement through the job resources supervisor support and opportunities for development are job resources. Using data from two large representative samples of German employees, we show that job demands mediate the negative relationship between downsizing and employees' psychological and physical health and that job resources mediate the negative relationship between downsizing and engagement. We find little support for the assumption that job resources alleviate the indirect effects of downsizing on surviving employees' health, or that job demands strengthen the indirect effects of downsizing on surviving employees' engagement. We discuss how these findings expand our understanding of downsizing and outline practical implications for human resource practitioners.
Productivity enhancement of traditional solar still by using sandbags of El Oued, Algeria
Authors: Attia Mohammed El Hadi , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Abdelgaied Mohamed , Driss Zied 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis manuscript aims to study the experimental analysis of solar still with sandbags as energy storage materials. To achieve this idea, 25 bags filled with El Oued sand was fixed inside a square basin vertically and distributed regularly, this is called the modified solar still with sandbags (MSS‐SB). The sand used in this study is very effective than many store mediums considered within many previous works such as glass balls, sponges, phosphate, yellow sand, black sand, and black gravel. This fact is due to its components characterized by high thermal conductivity. By using the Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray fluorescence, it has been confirmed that the chemical properties of El Oued sand are composed mainly by 97.6% quartz (SiO2) and 0.56% calcite (CaCO3) and very low concentrations of some other oxides. To obtain the influences of the sandbags utilized in this study, the performance of MSS‐SB and traditional solar still (TSS) was tested at the same climatic conditions of the southeast of Algeria throughout 24 hours. Experimental results revealed that the overall cumulative distillate yield of TSS reached 3.76 L/m2/d, while for utilization the sandbags for MSS‐SB increase the cumulative distillate yield to 5.06 L/m2/d, representing 34.57% improvement in cumulative distillate yield. Also, the daily efficiency of TSS 33.1%, while for utilization the sandbags for MSS‐SB increases the daily efficiency to 44.63%, representing 34.83% improvement in daily efficiency.