bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presumed Sympathetic Ophthalmia After Scleral Buckling Surgery: Case Report
Authors: Hosseini Seyedeh Maryam , Shoeibi Nasser , Zadeh Mahdieh Azimi , Ghasemi Mahdi , Abrishami Mojtaba 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to report a rare case of presumed sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) in a young female patient following scleral buckling (SB). As SB is usually considered an extraocular operation, it is presumed to have low risk of SO.Case Presentation: A nineteen year-old female patient was referred for visual loss in her left eye because of macula off inferior longstanding rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/400 in the left eye. SB with 360 degrees encircling band and inferior segmental tire, with one spot cryoretinopexy at the break site and subretinal fluid drainage was performed. One week after operation, visual acuity was improved to 20/80 and retina was totally attached. Six weeks later, patient came with severe visual loss in both eyes as counting finger 1 meter. Bilateral multifocal serous RD and vitreous cells was found. The patient was treated with intravenous corticosteroid pulse therapy and mycpphenolate mofetile as a case of sympathetic ophthalmia. The inflammation was controlled and serous RD resolved after five days intravenous treatment and was not relapsed after six months. BCVA was 20/20 in right eye and 20/50 in the left eye. Systemic workup was negative for any extraocular disease or systemic involvement.Conclusion: As SB usually considered as a procedure without manipulating intraocular tissues, it is considered to have low risk for SO. In this report, we have shown that SO may occur after successful SB. Inciting the choroid and retinal pigment epithelium with cryoretinopexy or perforating for drainage may induce SO.
Improved dynamic simulation technique for hydrodynamics and water quality of river-connected lakes
Authors: Liu Bojun , Xia Jun , Yang Libin , Cui Changyong , Wang Linwei , Li Tiansheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic water-quality model is proposed for river-connected lakes in an effort to improve calibration accuracy and reduce computational burden. To achieve this, the sensitivity of parameters involved in the hydrodynamic model is analyzed using stepwise rank regression and Latin hypercube sampling (LHS), and the roughness coefficient, wind drag coefficient and wind resistance coefficient are identified as the most important parameters affecting the hydrodynamics of the Hongze Lake. Then, the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is used to assimilate observations to the proposed hydrodynamic and water quality model. It is found that assimilation of both state variables and model parameters results in a significant improvement of the simulation of the water level, flow velocity and pollutant concentration in the Hongze Lake.
Integrated allocation model of water quantity and quality and its application in the Yellow River
Authors: Zhou Ke 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Taking a typical reach of the Yellow River as the research object, using decomposition, coordination, coupling and control technology and through real-time data transmission and feedback, the simultaneous coupling of water quantity and quality is realized. Based on the identification parameters of water intake, section discharge and water quality index in the water function areas, the on-line identification and process control of the allocation target are realized, and an integrated model of water quantity and quality with the functions of cycle iteration, on-line feedback and rolling correction is established. Taking the natural runoff from 1956 to 2000 as input and the water demand and sewage discharge from the upper reaches of the Yellow River in 2015 as an example and through optimization, an integrated water quantity and quality allocation scheme for the typical reach of the Yellow River is put forward. It is shown that the model can realize the integrated allocation of water quantity and quality in the Yellow River.
Trends of Mortalities and Morbidities due to COVID-19, from Explosiveness to Aggressiveness, Gaps in System Response, and Transmission Chain
Authors: Hussain Hamid Yahya , Salim Nezar Ahmed , Baderkhan Bushra , Hamid Mohamed , Hamid Abdulla , Chehab Fouad Hussein , Al Qawasmeh Khaled H. A. , Tuffaha Mohammed 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Due to the high prevalence and wide distribution of coronaviruses, their large genetic diversity, frequent recombination of their genomes, and
increasing human-animal interface activities, novel coronaviruses are likely to emerge periodically in humans owing to frequent cross-species
infections and occasional spillover event.

Objectives:
The aim of this research is to study the short-term morbidities, mortalities and trends of international spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. In
addition, to study the explosiveness and aggressiveness of the outbreak and the gaps in response.

Methodology:
Outbreak events were observed and followed up over two months. This study used daily statistical reports issued by the World Health
Organization, as well as data from different national authorities, regarding mortalities and morbidities from all over the world, with a specific focus
on Chinese statistics as the main source of the outbreak.

Results:
The current study showed that the number of confirmed COVID-19 infected cases started with 41 cases in early January 2020. The number of
cases with COVID-19 kept rising to reach 128000 on March 12, 2020. Moreover, the current study has revealed that the number of deaths was only
(1) case in early January 2020 and increased to 25 deaths on January 23, and end up with 170 deaths by the end of January. Deaths have
dramatically increased to reach 2462 on Feb 23 and 4717 on March 12. In regards to the geographical spread of the COVID-19 infection outbreak,
the number of affected countries increased to 100 by mid- March 2020. The number of fatality cases was 0.0368, compared to 0.533 in recovered
cases within two months.

Conclusion:
The natural history and course of the current outbreak revealed a highly explosive nature linked to considerable aggressiveness in terms of
complications and mortalities, within only two months, and spread to 100 countries worldwide with 80000 cases within only two months. The
study forecasted that the peak of the outbreak is not yet attained, and events that are more dramatic may occur worldwide.
Therapeutic Options for Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia: The Role of Lomitapide
Authors: Giammanco Antonina , Cefalù Angelo B. , Noto Davide , Averna Maurizio R. 
Published: June 2020

Background:Lomitapide (Juxtapid® in US and Lojuxta® in Europe) is the first developed inhibitor of the Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein (MTP) approved as a novel drug for the management of Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). It acts by binding directly and selectively to MTP thus decreasing the assembly and secretion of the apo-B containing lipoproteins both in the liver and in the intestine.Aims:The present review aims at summarizing the recent knowledge on lomitapide in the management of HoFH.Results:The efficacy and safety of lomitapide have been evaluated in several trials and it has been shown a reduction of the plasma levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) by an average of more than 50%. Although the most common side effects are gastrointestinal and liver events, lomitapide presents generally with a good tolerability and satisfactory patients compliance. Recently, in Europe, to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of lomitapide, the LOWER registry (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02135705) has been established in order to acquire informations on HoFH lomitapidetreated patients from “real life” clinical practice.:Furthermore, the observation that lomitapide decreases triglyceride levels may be considered for patients affected by severe forms of hypertriglyceridemia who undergo recurrent episodes of pancreatitis and are poor responders to conventional treatment.Conclusion:Lomitapide represents an innovative and efficacious drug for the treatment of HoFH. Longterm safety data, treatment of pediatric and pregnant HoFH patients and management of severe hypertriglyceridemia still require further investigations.
A Review of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies of Inula Species
Authors: Das Aparoop , Shakya Anshul , Ghosh Surajit Kumar , Singh Udaya P. , Bhat Hans R. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Plants of the genus Inula are perennial herbs of the family Asteraceae. This
genus includes more than 100 species, widely distributed throughout Europe, Africa and Asia including
India. Many of them are indicated in traditional medicine, e.g., in Ayurveda. This review explores
chemical constituents, medicinal uses and pharmacological actions of Inula species.

Methods:
Major databases and research and review articles retrieved through Scopus, Web of Science,
and Medline were consulted to obtain information on the pharmacological activities of the genus Inula
published from 1994 to 2017.

Results:
Inula species are used either alone or as an important ingredient of various formulations to cure
dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, urinary system, central nervous system
and digestive system, and for the treatment of asthma, diabetes, cancers, skin disorders, hepatic disease,
fungal and bacterial infections. A range of phytochemicals including alkaloids, essential and volatile
oils, flavonoids, terpenes, and lactones has been isolated from herbs of the genus Inula, which might
possibly explain traditional uses of these plants.

Conclusion:
The present review is focused on chemical constituents, medicinal uses and pharmacological
actions of Inula species and provides valuable insight into its medicinal potential.
Design of Insertion Mechanism with Friction Wheels for Cannula Flexible Needle Based on TRIZ
Authors: Zhao Yan-Jiang , Yang Ji-Chao , Zhang Yong-De , Liu Jia , Liu Zhi-Qing , Liu Ze-Hua 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Flexible needle insertion is one of the minimally invasive surgeries, which
takes advantage of the lateral force acted on the bevel tip to make the needle shaft bend when inserted
into the tissue. The bending makes the needle avoid the obstacles (like bones, veins, nerves,
etc.) in order to reach the target. However, the traditional flexible needle neither can change its
curvature of the path, nor can realize a precise control because of the torsional friction between the
needle and the tissue. Hence, a cannula flexible needle was proposed to overcome the drawbacks,
which consists of a cannula and a stylet. Also, there is a need of an insertion mechanism for the
cannula flexible needle in robot-assisted surgery.

Objective:
The aim of this paper is to innovatively design an insertion mechanism with friction
wheels for the cannula flexible needle, which is used as an end-effector in robot-assisted surgery
system. The mechanism is supposed to realize the coordinated driving of the cannula and the stylet
in order to achieve variable curvatures of paths.

Methods:
Making references of the patents and research papers on needle insertion mechanisms,
and based on the requirement of degree of freedom for the cannula flexible needle insertion, the insertion
mechanism for the cannula flexible needle is designed by using the TRIZ theory. The conflicts
matrix analysis, the invention principles and the substance-field analysis are used to innovatively
design the driving scheme and the synchronous motion mechanism.

Results and Conclusion:
In this paper, the concrete structure design of the insertion mechanism for
the cannula flexible needle is achieved, which is compact and simple. The friction coefficient between
the needle and the wheels, and the pretightening force between both wheels are calculated
through the data from experiments. The insertion accuracy of friction wheel mechanism is tested and
analyzed through experimentation. The results show that the maximum placement error of the needle
executed by the insertion mechanism is less than 0.5 mm, which meets the demands of surgical operations.
Profiling Clinical Research Activity at an Academic Medical Center by Using Institutional Databases: Content Analysis
Authors: Langford Aisha , Sherman Scott , Thornton Rachel , Nightingale Kira , Kwon Simona , Chavis-Keeling Deborah , Link Nathan , Cronstein Bruce , Hochman Judith , Trachtman Howard 
Published: June 2020

Background
It is important to monitor the scope of clinical research of all types, to involve participants of all ages and subgroups in studies that are appropriate to their condition, and to ensure equal access and broad validity of the findings.

Objective
We conducted a review of clinical research performed at New York University with the following objectives: (1) to determine the utility of institutional administrative data to characterize clinical research activity; (2) to assess the inclusion of special populations; and (3) to determine if the type, initiation, and completion of the study differed by age.

Methods
Data for all studies that were institutional review board–approved between January 1, 2014, and November 2, 2016, were obtained from the research navigator system, which was launched in November 2013. One module provided details about the study protocol, and another module provided the characteristics of individual participants. Research studies were classified as observational or interventional. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the characteristics of clinical studies across the lifespan, by type, and over time.

Results
A total of 22%-24% of studies included children (minimum age <18 years) and 4%-5% focused exclusively on pediatrics. Similarly, 64%-72% of studies included older patients (maximum age >65 years) but only 5%-12% focused exclusively on geriatrics. Approximately 85% of the studies included both male and female participants. Of the remaining studies, those open only to girls or women were approximately 3 times as common as those confined to boys or men. A total of 56%-58% of projects focused on nonvulnerable patients. Among the special populations studied, children (12%-15%) were the most common. Noninterventional trial types included research on human data sets (24%), observational research (22%), survey research (16%), and biospecimen research (8%). The percentage of projects designed to test an intervention in a vulnerable population increased from 17% in 2014 to 21% in 2015.

Conclusions
Pediatric participants were the special population that was most often studied based on the number of registered projects that included children and adolescents. However, they were much less likely to be successfully enrolled in research studies compared with adults older than 65 years. Only 20% of the studies were interventional, and 20%-35% of participants in this category were from vulnerable populations. More studies are exclusively devoted to women’s health issues compared with men’s health issues.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF SOME NOVEL ACRIDINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: PADIGELA SWETHA , RM BHAGAVAN RAJU , VVS RAJENDRA PRASAD 
Published: June 2020

Objective: The objective of the study was to synthesize and evaluate the anticancer activity of some novel acridine derivatives.
Methods: The present works involve condensation of acridine and various 2, 4-Thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives (2a–2h) with chloroacetyl chloride to give a novel acridine derivatives (5a–5l), respectively.
Results: All the newly synthesized molecules (5a–5l) were characterized by FTIR, H1-NMR, and mass spectral analysis along with physical data. The biological potentials of the new synthesized compounds are evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity by MTT assay.
Conclusion: The synthesized compounds 5a, 5f, and 5h exhibited good anticancer activity against MCF-7 and SKVO3 cancer cell lines at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL-1.
IMPACT OF CERTAIN EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS ON ADVERSE DRUG REACTION REPORTING BY NURSING HEALTH PROFESSIONALS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: SONOWAL SUPRIYA , K DESAI CHETNA , R PANCHAL JIGAR 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the impact of certain educational interventions on adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting by nursing health professionals at a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of the nurses regarding ADR reporting were evaluated before and after interventions using a KAP questionnaire. Educational interventions carried out among the nurses were workshops, booklets, SMSes, personal briefings, and posters. Number and quality of ADR reported by nurses in pre-intervention (3 months), intervention (10 months), and post-intervention (3 months) phase were compared.
Results: There was a significant increase in response rate to questionnaires in the post-intervention phase (post-IP) (97.74%) as compared to pre-intervention (91.28%) phase (pre-IP). The knowledge score of the nurses increased significantly in post-IP (11.65 ± 2.14) as compared to the pre-intervention (6.98 ± 2.46) phase. No ADR was reported by nurses in pre-IP. Thirty nurses reported 30 ADRs in the intervention phase and six nurses reported six ADRs in the post-IP. The mean score of completeness of ADR notification forms decreased significantly in post-IP. Maximum ADRs (10) were reported after the workshops.
Conclusion: Educational interventions improved the KAP of ADR reporting by nurses, albeit temporary. This suggests the need of continuous educational interventions.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF HYMENAEA COURBARIL L. FRUIT
Authors: NARVAEZ CORREA MARIANA , RODRÍGUEZ AGUIRRE OSCAR EDUARDO , ARIAS PALACIOS JANETH DEL CARMEN 
Published: June 2020

Objective: The assessment of the antimicrobial activity of Hymenaea courbaril L. on different microorganisms was realized with four bacteria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two yeasts Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and finally two filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger.
Methods: The method of plates and wells was used, using extracts from the fruit of the plant mentioned above. These extracts were made with different solvents such as hexane, dichloromethane, ethanol, and aqueous.
Results: It was determined that the dichloromethane extract of H. courbaril L. has antimicrobial activity against the bacterium S. aureus showing a percentage of inhibition of 1.47%.
Conclusions: In comparison to bacteria, fungi do not represent a significant inhibitory capacity which represents that when comparing these extracts of this plant, under the test conditions evaluated, it was presented that they obtained antimicrobial activity against S. aureus.
EFFECTS OF TELMISARTAN ON PLASMA INTERLEUKIN-6 AND C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS IN MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE-INDUCED OBESITY IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Authors: KM VENKATESH , BS SRIRAM , V RAVICHANDRA , HOLLA RAJENDRA 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of telmisartan on plasma interleukin (IL)-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obesity in Wistar albino rats.
Methods: MSG at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight is dissolved in distilled water and administered for 22 days. On the 9th day, telmisartan 7.5 mg/kg body weight is administered. After completion of experiment, body weight and biochemical parameters such as plasma IL-6 and CRP levels are measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: Telmisartan significantly decreased plasma IL-6 and CRP levels in MSG-treated obese rats.
Conclusion: Telmisartan, probably through its peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonistic activity, produces significant anti-obesity effects in rats and may help in treating obese patients with metabolic syndrome.
EFFECTS OF GREEN IRON NANOPARTICLES ON BIOFILM-FORMING BACTERIA
Authors: GHOSH DASTIDAR MADHUMITA , BS NIVEDITHA , R POOJA 
Published: June 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to observe the effects of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) synthesized from plant source of biofilm-forming bacteria.
Methods: FeNPs were synthesized from Pongamia pinnata leaf extracts and it was characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The synthesized FeNPs were evaluated against biofilm-forming Gram-negative Pseudomonas, sewage organisms, and Gram-positive hay Bacillus, Bacillus subtilis. These biofilm-forming microorganisms were evaluated for antibiotic sensitivity. The extracellular and intracellular proteins of biofilm-forming bacteria were estimated in the presence of FeNPs.
Results: All these biofilm-forming microorganisms were found to be antibiotic resistant. The green FeNPs showed potential antimicrobial effectiveness against hay Bacillus followed by Pseudomonas and sewage bacteria. These nanoparticles inhibited the intracellular protein formation more than extracellular proteins of biofilm-forming microorganisms.
Conclusions: It can be concluded that the FeNPs synthesized from plant sources were effectively inhibited the biofilm-forming microorganisms by obstructing the intracellular protein synthesis. These nanoparticles can be used as an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and alternative molecule to treat the antibiotic-resistant biofilm-forming microorganisms.
ASSOCIATION OF SERUM SIALIC ACID AND SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS WITH FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: PASCAL SINGH YENDREMBAM , SINGH PUNIA VED PAL , RAI GLADYS , NANDKEOLIAR MANOJ KUMAR 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: The objective of the study was to estimate the serum sialic acid and serum uric acid levels in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic individuals and determining the association of serum sialic acid and serum uric acid levels with fasting blood glucose levels in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and also in non-diabetic individuals.
Methods: The study was a cross-sectional analysis where 70 individuals in the age group of 30–70 years participated during 6 months period. This included two groups, one for type-2 diabetes patients as cases and other non-diabetics as controls. In each group, 35 individuals participated. There were 15 males and 20 females in type-2 diabetic group and 16 males and 19 females in non-diabetic group. Fasting blood glucose, serum sialic acid, and serum uric acid were estimated in both the groups.
Results: In this study, the serum sialic acid levels of type-2 diabetes mellitus were shown to be increased (76.60 ± 7.89) when compared to non-diabetics (39.66 ± 9.55) with a statistically significant, p < 0.001. The serum uric acid concentrations were also found to be slightly elevated in type-2 diabetes mellitus (4.48 ± 0.79) when compared to non-diabetics (4.28 ± 0.89) with a statistically non-significant, p = 0.323.
Conclusion: Based on this study, it is concluded that serum sialic acid and serum uric acid levels have been found to be positively associated with type- 2 diabetes mellitus in both men and women, indicating the risk of developing microvascular complications in those patients. Therefore, estimating the sialic acid and uric acid levels can aid in the early diagnosis and prevention of microvascular complications caused by type-2 diabetes mellitus.