bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Evaluation of Participation and Diagnostic Yield of Colonoscopy vs Fecal Immunochemical Test vs Risk-Adapted Screening in Colorectal Cancer Screening: Interim Analysis of a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial (TARGET-C)
Authors: Chen Hongda , Lu Ming , Liu Chengcheng , Zou Shuangmei , Du Lingbin , Liao Xianzhen , Dong Dong , Wei Donghua , Gao Yi , Zhu Chen , Zhu Liming , Zheng Weifang , Xiao Haifan , Kong Yunxin , Yin Huiping , Zhou Hai , Ying Rongbiao , Wang Baoquan , Zhang Juan , Zhang Xiaopeng , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Xuan , Zhang Yuhan , Wang Hong , Guo Lanwei , Liu Li , Ren Jiansong , Shi Jufang , Li Ni , Miao Xiaoping , Brenner Hermann , Dai Min 
Published: April 2020

INTRODUCTION:
In colorectal cancer screening, implementing risk-adapted screening might be more effective than traditional screening strategies. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of a risk-adapted screening strategy with colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in colorectal cancer screening.

METHODS:
A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 6 centers in China since May 2018. Nineteen thousand five hundred forty-six eligible participants aged 50–74 years were recruited and randomly allocated into 1 of the 3 screening groups in a 1:2:2 ratio: (i) one-time colonoscopy (n = 3,916), (ii) annual FIT (n = 7,854), and (iii) annual risk-adapted screening (n = 7,776). Based on the risk-stratification score, high-risk subjects were referred for colonoscopy and low-risk ones were referred for FIT. All subjects with positive FIT were referred for diagnostic colonoscopy. The detection rate of advanced neoplasm was the primary outcome. The study is registered with the China Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn Identifier: ChiCTR1800015506).

RESULTS:
For baseline screening, the participation rates of the colonoscopy, FIT, and risk-adapted screening groups were 42.5% (1,665/3,916), 94.0% (7,386/7,854), and 85.2% (6,628/7,776), respectively. For the intention-to-screen analysis, the detection rates of advanced neoplasm were 2.40% (94/3,916), 1.13% (89/7,854), and 1.66% (129/7,776), with odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 2.16 (1.61–2.90; P < 0.001) for colonoscopy vs FIT, 1.45 (1.10–1.90; P < 0.001) for colonoscopy vs risk-adapted screening, and 1.49 (1.13–1.97; P < 0.001) for risk-adapted screening vs FIT, respectively. The numbers of subjects who required a colonoscopic examination to detect 1 advanced neoplasm were 18 in the colonoscopy group, 10 in the FIT group, and 11 in the risk-adapted screening group.

DISCUSSION:
For baseline screening, the risk-adapted screening approach showed a high participation rate, and its diagnostic yield was superior to that of FIT at a similarly low load of colonoscopy.
Effectiveness of Early Rehabilitation for Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kobata Tomohiro , Hasebe Kiyotaka , Momosaki Ryo 
Published: April 2020

Background and Purpose:
Most patients become physically inactive after vertebral compression fracture and thus need help for early mobilization. This study sought to investigate the effect of early rehabilitation on activities of daily living in patients following acute vertebral compression fracture.

Methods:
We conducted this retrospective cohort study with a hospital-based database created by the Japan Medical Data Center and comprising data from a Diagnosis Procedure Combination survey from more than 100 acute care hospitals across Japan. Data of consecutive inpatients hospitalized because of thoracic and/or lumbar compression fractures from 2014 to 2018 were extracted. We compared characteristics and outcomes between patients who underwent early rehabilitation (early rehabilitation group) and those who did not undergo rehabilitation (no rehabilitation group). The primary outcome measure was Barthel Index improvement.

Results:
After applying exclusion criteria, a total of 8493 eligible patients with acute vertebral compression fracture were included in this study. The unadjusted data showed significantly greater Barthel Index improvement (72.5% vs 60.3, P < .001) and a higher rate of discharge to home (82.9% vs 77.4, P < .001) among patients in the early rehabilitation group compared with the no rehabilitation group. After adjustment by propensity score analysis, significant between-group differences were found.

Conclusion:
Early rehabilitation could possibly be a feasible alternative for maintenance of the Barthel Index in patients with acute vertebral compression fracture.
Testing to Identify Submaximal Effort: Lifting to a Perceived 50% Effort vs. an Assigned Submaximal Load
Authors: Swift Marcie C. , Townsend Robert , Edwards Douglas , Loudon Janice K. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Swift, MC, Townsend, R, Edwards, D, and Loudon, J. Testing to identify submaximal effort: Lifting to a perceived 50% effort vs. an assigned submaximal load. J Strength Cond Res 36(8): 2115–2120, 2022—The ability to accurately measure effort during postinjury functional testing allows for the validation of displayed physical limitations by injured workers. The Cross-Reference Testing System (XRTS) has been developed to identify submaximal efforts through distraction-based dynamic material handling testing. The XRTS material handling assessment compares dynamic lifts of weights in a crate and lifts using a lever arm device. The purpose of this study was to determine whether subjects lifting an assigned submaximal load influence test results compared with subjects lifting to but not exceeding a 50% perceived effort. Subjects in group A (n = 35) were assigned the condition to attempt to lift to but not exceed a randomly assigned weight value for both the crate lift and XRTS at 3 lifting heights. Subjects in group B (n = 32) were asked to lift to but not exceed 37.5 lb from the same 3 lifting heights. The reproducibility of effort was measured with current validity criteria for distraction-based material handling testing. Using the percent difference values, a 2 × 3 (group, lifting height) analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to test the hypothesis. The alpha level was set at 0.05. The mean percent change between comparative lifts was 31.13%, 95% CI (22.51–39.75) for group A and 29.26% 95% CI (21.91–36.61) for group B. The 2 × 3 ANOVA demonstrated no significant difference (p = 0.751) between groups. The results indicate attempting to lift to a perceived 50% effort was not significantly different from attempting to lift to but not exceed an assigned submaximal load.
Modulation of Countermovement Jump–Derived Markers of Neuromuscular Function With Concurrent vs. Single-Mode Resistance Training
Authors: Pattison Kristy J. , Drinkwater Eric J. , Bishop David J. , Stepto Nigel K. , Fyfe Jackson J. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Pattison, KJ, Drinkwater, EJ, Bishop, DJ, Stepto, NK, and Fyfe, JJ. Modulation of countermovement jump–derived markers of neuromuscular function with concurrent vs. single-mode resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1497–1502, 2020—This study assessed changes in countermovement jump (CMJ)-derived markers of neuromuscular function with concurrent training vs. resistance training (RT) alone and determined associations between changes in CMJ parameters and other neuromuscular adaptations (e.g., maximal strength gain). Twenty-three recreationally active men performed 8 weeks of RT alone (RT group, n = 8) or combined with either high-intensity interval training cycling (HIIT + RT group, n = 8) or moderate-intensity continuous cycling (MICT + RT group, n = 7). Maximal strength and CMJ performance were assessed before (PRE), after 4 weeks of training (MID), and >72 hours (maximal strength) or >5–7 days (CMJ performance) after (POST) the training intervention. Improvements in CMJ relative peak force from both PRE to MID and PRE to POST were attenuated for both HIIT + RT (effect size [ES]: −0.44; ±90% confidence limit, ±0.51 and ES: −0.72; ±0.61, respectively) and MICT + RT (ES: −0.74; ±0.49 and ES: −1.25; ±0.63, respectively). Compared with RT alone, the change in the flight time to contraction time ratio (FT:CT) was attenuated from PRE to MID for MICT + RT (ES: −0.38; ±0.42) and from PRE to POST for both MICT + RT (ES: −0.60; ±0.55) and HIIT + RT (ES: −0.75; ±0.30). PRE to POST changes in both CMJ relative peak force and flight time:contraction time (F:C) ratio were also associated with relative 1 repetition maximum leg press strength gain (r
2 = 0.26 and 0.19, respectively). These findings highlight the utility of CMJ testing for monitoring interference to improvements in neuromuscular function with concurrent training.
Optimal Load Magnitude and Placement for Peak Power Production in a Vertical Jump: A Segmental Contribution Analysis
Authors: Bordelon Nicole M. , Jones Devin H. , Sweeney Kael M. , Davis Daniel J. , Critchley Meghan L. , Rochelle LuAnna E. , George Ana C. , Dai Boyi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Bordelon, NM, Jones, DH, Sweeney, KM, Davis, DJ, Critchley, ML, Rochelle, LE, George, AC, and Dai, B. Optimal load magnitude and placement for peak power production in a vertical jump: A segmental contribution analysis. J Strength Cond Res 36(4): 911–919, 2022—Weighted jumps are widely used in power training, however, there are discrepancies regarding which loading optimizes peak jump power. The purpose was to quantify the effects of load magnitudes and placements on the force, velocity, and power production in a countermovement vertical jump. Sixteen male and 15 female subjects performed vertical jumps in 7 conditions: no external load, 10 and 20% dumbbell loads, 10 and 20% vest loads, and 10 and 20% barbell loads with load percentages relative to body weight. Arm swing was encouraged for all, but the barbell load conditions. Kinematics were collected to quantify the whole-body (the person and external loads) forces, velocities, and power as well as segments' contributions to the whole-body forces and velocities. Repeated-measure analyses of variance were performed followed by paired comparisons. Jump heights were the greatest for the no external load and 10% dumbbell conditions. The 10 and 20% dumbbell conditions demonstrated the greatest peak whole-body power, while the 2 barbell conditions showed the lowest peak whole-body power. At the time of peak whole-body power, the 2 dumbbell and 2 vest conditions resulted in greater whole-body forces. Whole-body velocities were the greatest for the no external load and 10% dumbbell conditions. Holding the dumbbells in the hands magnified the effects of external loads in producing forces and velocities. The constraint of arm movements in the barbell conditions limited power production. These findings highlight the importance of load placement and arm swing in identifying the optimal configuration for power production in weighted jumps.
Brain-Wide Mapping of Water Flow Perception in Zebrafish
Authors: Vanwalleghem Gilles , Schuster Kevin , Taylor Michael A. , Favre-Bulle Itia A. , Scott Ethan K. 
Published: April 2020

Information about water flow, detected by lateral line organs, is critical to the behavior and survival of fish and amphibians. While certain aspects of water flow processing have been revealed through electrophysiology, we lack a comprehensive description of the neurons that respond to water flow and the network that they form. Here, we use brain-wide calcium imaging in combination with microfluidic stimulation to map out, at cellular resolution, neuronal responses involved in perceiving and processing water flow information in larval zebrafish. We find a diverse array of neurons responding to head-to-tail (h-t) flow, tail-to-head (t-h) flow, or both. Early in this pathway, in the lateral line ganglia, neurons respond almost exclusively to the simple presence of h-t or t-h flow, but later processing includes neurons responding specifically to flow onset, representing the accumulated displacement of flow during a stimulus, or encoding the speed of the flow. The neurons reporting on these more nuanced details are located across numerous brain regions, including some not previously implicated in water flow processing. A graph theory-based analysis of the brain-wide water flow network shows that a majority of this processing is dedicated to h-t flow detection, and this is reinforced by our finding that details like flow velocity and the total accumulated flow are only encoded for the h-t direction. The results represent the first brain-wide description of processing for this important modality, and provide a departure point for more detailed studies of the flow of information through this network.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn aquatic animals, the lateral line is important for detecting water flow stimuli, but the brain networks that interpret this information remain mysterious. Here, we have imaged the activity of individual neurons across the entire brains of larval zebrafish, revealing all response types and their brain locations as water flow processing occurs. We find neurons that respond to the simple presence of water flow, and others attuned to the direction, speed, and duration of flow, or the accumulated displacement of water that has passed during the stimulus. With this information, we modeled the underlying network, describing a system that is nuanced in its processing of water flow simulating head-to-tail motion but rudimentary in processing flow in the tail-to-head direction.
Concerted Actions of Octopamine and Dopamine Receptors Drive Olfactory Learning
Authors: Sabandal John Martin , Sabandal Paul Rafael , Kim Young-Cho , Han Kyung-An 
Published: April 2020

Aminergic signaling modulates associative learning and memory. Substantial advance has been made inDrosophilaon the dopamine receptors and circuits mediating olfactory learning; however, our knowledge of other aminergic modulation lags behind. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the role of octopamine in olfactory conditioning. Here, we report that octopamine activity through the β-adrenergic-like receptor Octβ1R drives aversive and appetitive learning: Octβ1R in the mushroom body αβ neurons processes aversive learning, whereas Octβ1R in the projection neurons mediates appetitive learning. Our genetic interaction and imaging studies pinpoint cAMP signaling as a key downstream effector for Octβ1R function. Therutabaga-adenylyl cyclase synthesizes cAMP in a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent manner, serving as a coincidence detector for associative learning and likely representing a downstream target for Octβ1R. Supporting this notion, the double heterozygousrutabaga/+;octβ1r/+ flies perform poorly in both aversive and appetitive conditioning, while individual heterozygousrutabaga/+ andoctβ1r/+ flies behave like the wild-type control. Consistently, the mushroom body and projection neurons in theoctβ1rbrain exhibit blunted responses to octopamine when cAMP levels are monitored through the cAMP sensor. We previously demonstrated the pivotal functions of the D1receptor dDA1 in aversive and appetitive learning, and the α1 adrenergic-like receptor OAMB in appetitive learning. As expected,octβ1rgenetically interacts withdumb(dDA1 mutant) in aversive and appetitive learning, but it interacts withoambonly in appetitive learning. This study uncovers the indispensable contributions of dopamine and octopamine signaling to aversive and appetitive learning. All experiments were performed on mixed sex unless otherwise noted.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAnimals make flexible behavioral choices that are constantly shaped by experience. This plasticity is vital for animals to appropriately respond to the cues predicting benefit or harm. InDrosophila, dopamine is known to mediate both reward-based and punishment-based learning while octopamine function is important only for reward. Here, we demonstrate that the octopamine–Octβ1R–cAMP pathway processes both aversive and appetitive learning in distinct neural sites of the olfactory circuit. Furthermore, we show that the octopamine–Octβ1R and dopamine–dDA1 signals together drive both aversive and appetitive learning, whereas the octopamine–Octβ1R and octopamine–OAMB pathways jointly facilitate appetitive, but not aversive, learning. This study identifies the cognate actions of octopamine and dopamine signaling as a key neural mechanism for associative learning.
A VTA to Basal Amygdala Dopamine Projection Contributes to Signal Salient Somatosensory Events during Fear Learning
Authors: Tang Wei , Kochubey Olexiy , Kintscher Michael , Schneggenburger Ralf 
Published: April 2020

The amygdala is a brain area critical for the formation of fear memories. However, the nature of the teaching signal(s) that drive plasticity in the amygdala are still under debate. Here, we use optogenetic methods to investigate the contribution of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons to auditory-cued fear learning in male mice. Using anterograde and retrograde labeling, we found that a sparse and relatively evenly distributed population of VTA neurons projects to the basal amygdala (BA).In vivooptrode recordings in behaving mice showed that many VTA neurons, among them putative dopamine neurons, are excited by footshocks, and acquire a response to auditory stimuli during fear learning. Combined cfos imaging and retrograde labeling in dopamine transporter (DAT) Cre mice revealed that a large majority of BA projectors (>95%) are dopamine neurons, and that BA projectors become activated by the tone-footshock pairing of fear learning protocols. Finally, silencing VTA dopamine neurons, or their axon terminals in the BA during the footshock, reduced the strength of fear memory as tested 1 d later, whereas silencing the VTA-central amygdala (CeA) projection had no effect. Thus, VTA dopamine neurons projecting to the BA contribute to fear memory formation, by coding for the saliency of the footshock event and by signaling such events to the basal amygdala.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPowerful mechanisms of fear learning have evolved in animals and humans to enable survival. During fear conditioning, a sensory cue, such as a tone (the conditioned stimulus), comes to predict an innately aversive stimulus, such as a mild footshock (the unconditioned stimulus). A brain representation of the unconditioned stimulus must act as a teaching signal to instruct plasticity of the conditioned stimulus representation in fear-related brain areas. Here we show that dopamine neurons in the VTA that project to the basal amygdala contribute to such a teaching signal for plasticity, thereby facilitating the formation of fear memories. Knowledge about the role of dopamine in aversively motivated plasticity might allow further insights into maladaptive plasticities that underlie anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders in humans.
Konsep Uchi-Soto Dalam Penerjemahan Yari-Morai
Authors: Wiyatasari Reny 
Published: April 2020

This study aims to describe the understanding of Japanese language students about the ‘uchi-soto’ concept which is the standard for Japanese people when using the ‘yari-morai’ expression. This also relates to the process of translating speeches containing the verb ‘yari-morai’. Data sources are Japanese manga (Japanese) and a questionnaire that lists structured questions. The method used in data collection is the listening method with tapping technique as the basic technique and the listening-free-engaged-conversation technique as an advanced technique. Whereas in the analysis using contextual and descriptive methods, the sentence is analyzed by explaining the context, the concept of ‘uchi-soto’ in relation to the use of ‘yari-morai’ auxiliary verbs, assessing the results of the translation and relating it to the concept of ‘uchi-soto’ in the linguistic realm. The results of this study indicate 1) in the yaru and ageru verbs, it was found that the respondents' understanding of the uchi-soto concept was the same lack. 2) on the morau verb, the authors found that respondents were able to determine the uchi-soto relationship and 3) in the kureru verb, some respondents can distinguish and determine the uchi-soto relationship well, however, when the kureru verb becomes kudasaru, even though the respondent can still recognize the uchi-soto relationship, some 100% of the translating results of the respondent are incorrect. So, from the students' understanding of the concept of uchi-soto which is associated with the results of translation it is known that it does not significantly correlate with student competence in translating utterances that contain yari-morai verbs and vice versa. Although some respondents answered correctly the uchi-soto relationship of the speakers involved in a conversation, it was not in accordance with the translation that resulted from both accuracy and acceptance. On the other hand, although the respondent is able to translate the fragments from the utterances, it is not able to determine the right relationship between speakers with other parties in the given conversation situation.
Keywords:
expressions; uchi-soto; yari-morai; translation
Criminal Law Policy in Handling Digital Asset-Based Money Laundering in Indonesia
Authors: Akbar Dipo Lukmanul 
Published: April 2020

The rapid development of information technology has given birth to a variety of services with a variety of digital information facilities, where the sophistication of information technology-based products is able to integrate all information media so as to make the world become borderless and cause significant social, cultural, economic and law enforcement changes take place quickly. Nevertheless, the conditions in Indonesia which are growing and developing towards an information technology-based industrial society, in some cases are still lagging behind to follow the development of information technology. The concepts and theories used to analyze are Criminal Law Policy, Law Number 8 of 2010 concerning Money Laundering. The paper emphasized that the development of information technology that is developing now, especially in the field of digital assets is able to become an opportunity for money laundering. The paper highlighted that in the case of committing the crime of money laundering is carried out using the digital currency-based information technology method and can be used for cross-country trade. So that the crime of money laundering based on digital assets is very easy to do and can have a worldwide network.
Valores Culturais, Reputação e Governança das Empresas Preferidas pelas Mulheres Brasileiras
Authors: Cavalcante Danival Sousa , Teodósio Igor Rodrigo Menezes , De Luca Márcia Martins Mendes 
Published: April 2020

Considerando que cada empresa traz consigo, explícita ou implicitamente, seus valores culturais, que podem atrair as mulheres para seu ambiente de trabalho, este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar os valores culturais organizacionais adotados pelas empresas preferidas pelas mulheres brasileiras e suas relações com a reputação e a governança corporativa. Adicionalmente, verifica-se possíveis associações entre os valores culturais e as características das empresas, comparando-se os valores culturais entre as empresas com reputação corporativa e as demais, e entre aquelas que adotam princípios de governança corporativa e as demais. O trabalho diferencia-se por analisar, numa mesma investigação, os construtos valores culturais, reputação e governança corporativas. Além da análise qualitativa das informações, o estudo utiliza técnicas de estatística descritiva e inferencial para a análise quantitativa dos dados. Dentre as empresas preferidas pelas mulheres brasileiras, a dimensão cultural respeito, com seu valor cultural desenvolvimento, foi a mais presente nas empresas investigadas. Verificou-se que as empresas adeptas de princípios de governança corporativa registram uma quantidade de valores culturais superior à das demais, assim como foi possível identificar associação entre as variáveis valores culturais e governança corporativa.