bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The profile of hematinic deficiencies in patients with oral lichen planus: a case-control study
Authors: Bao Zhe-xuan , Yang Xiao-wen , Shi Jing , Wang Yufeng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common mucocutaneous disorder, and its causative factors and pathogenesis are not fully understood. Existing studies on the association between hematinic deficiencies and OLP are limited and inconsistent. The aim of this study was to assess the hematinic deficiencies in a cohort of OLP patients and evaluate the correlation between hematinic deficiencies and OLP.Methods: A total of 236 OLP patients and 226 age-and-gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The levels of hemoglobin (Hb), serum folate, vitamin B12 and ferritin were measured and compared between OLP patients and healthy controls. An REU (reticular/hyperkeratotic, erosive/erythematous, ulcerative) scoring system was adopted and compared between the OLP patients with and without hematinic deficiencies. The correlation between hematinic deficiencies and OLP was analyzed.Results: The frequencies of serum ferritin and vitamin B12 deficiency in OLP patients were both significantly higher than those of the healthy controls. According to gender and age, the profiles of hematinic deficiencies in OLP patients were significantly different. As for the REU score, no significant difference existed between OLP patients with and without hematinic deficiencies. Both serum ferritin deficiency and serum vitamin B12 deficiency were significantly correlated with OLP.Conclusions: The present study suggested a significant association between hematinic deficiencies and OLP. Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 levels in OLP patients should be monitored routinely. Further studies are warranted to explore the interactions between OLP and hematinic deficiencies.
Disclosure of Medical Errors: Physicians’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) in an Oncology Center
Authors: Mansour Razan , Ammar Khawlah , Al-Tabba’ Amal , Arawi Thalia , Mansour Asem , Al-Hussaini Maysa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Between the need for transparency in healthcare, widely promoted by patient’s safety campaigns, and the fear of negative consequences and malpractice threats, physicians face challenging decisions on whether or not disclosing medical errors to patients and families is a valid option. We aim to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of physicians in our center regarding medical error disclosure.Methods This is a cross-sectional self-administered questionnaire study. The questionnaire was piloted and no major modifications were made. A day-long training workshop consisting of didactic lectures, short and long case scenarios with role playing and feedback from the instructors, were conducted. Physicians who attended these training workshops were invited to complete the questionnaire at the end of the training, and physicians who did not attend any training were sent a copy of the questionnaire to their offices to complete. To assure anonymity and transparency of responses, we did not query names or departments.Descriptive statistics were used to present demographics and KAP. The differences between response\s of physicians who received the training and those who did not were analyzed with t-test and descriptive statistics. The 0.05 level of significance was used as a cutoff measure for statistical significance. Results Eighty-eight physicians completed the questionnaire (55 attended training (62.50%), and 33 did not (37.50%)). Sixty Five percent of physicians were males and the mean number of years of experience was 16.5 years. Eighty-Seven percent (n=73) of physicians were more likely to report major harm, compared to minor harm or no harm. Physicians who attended the workshop were more knowledgeable of articles of Jordan’s Law on Medical and Health Liability (66.7% vs 45.5%, p-value = 0.017) and the Law was more likely to affect their decision on error disclosure (61.8% vs 36.4%, p-value= 0.024).Conclusion Formal training workshops on disclosing medical errors have the power to positively influence physicians’ KAP toward disclosing medical errors to patients and possibly promoting a culture of transparency in the health care system.
Development of risk prediction models to predict urine culture growth for adults with suspected urinary tract infection in the emergency department: protocol for an electronic health record study from a single UK university hospital
Authors: Rockenschaub Patrick , Gill Martin J , McNulty David , Carroll Orlagh , Freemantle Nick , Shallcross Laura 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a leading cause of hospital admissions and is diagnosed based on urinary symptoms and microbiological cultures. Due to lags in the availability of culture results of up to 72 hours, and the limitations of routine diagnostics, many patients with suspected UTI are started on antibiotic treatment unnecessarily. Predictive models based on routinely collected clinical information may help clinicians to rule out a diagnosis of bacterial UTI in low-risk patients shortly after hospital admission, providing additional evidence to guide antibiotic treatment decisions.Methods: Using electronic hospital records from Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham (QEHB) collected between 2011 and 2017, we aim to develop a series of models that estimates the probability of bacterial UTI at presentation in the emergency department (ED) among individuals with suspected UTI syndromes. Predictions will be made during ED attendance and at different time points after hospital admission to assess whether predictive performance may be improved over time as more information becomes available about patient status. All models will be externally validated for expected future performance using QEHB data from 2018/19. Discussion: Risk prediction models using electronic health records offer a new approach to improve antibiotic prescribing decisions, integrating clinical and demographic data with test results to stratify patients according to their probability of bacterial infection. Used in conjunction with expert opinion, they may help clinicians to identify patients that benefit the most from early antibiotic cessation.
Nrf2 protects against seawater drowning-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Qiu Yu-bao , Wan Bin-bin , Liu Gang , Wu Ya-xian , Chen Dan , Lu Mu-dan , Chen Jun-liang , Yu Ren-qiang , Chen Dao-zhen , Pang Qing-feng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Ferroptosis is a new type of nonapoptotic cell death model that was closely related to ROS accumulation. Seawater drowning-induced acute lung injury (ALI) which is caused by severe oxidative stress injury, has been a major cause of accidental death worldwide. The latest evidences indicate nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) suppress ferroptosis and maintain cellular redox balance. Here, we test the hypothesis that activation of Nrf2 pathway attenuates seawater drowning-induced ALI via inhibiting ferroptosis.Methods: we performed studies using Nrf2-specific agonist (dimethyl fumarate), Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385), Nrf2-knockout mice and ferroptosis inhibitor (Ferrostatin-1) to investigate the potential roles of Nrf2 on seawater drowning-induced ALI and the underlying mechanisms. Results: Our data shows that Nrf2 activator dimethyl fumarate could increase cell viability, reduced the levels of intracellular ROS and lipid ROS, prevented glutathione depletion and lipid peroxide accumulation, increased FTH1 and GPX4 mRNA expression, and maintained mitochondrial membrane potential in MLE-12 cells. However, ML385 promoted cell death and lipid ROS production in MLE-12 cells. Furthermore, the lung injury became more aggravated in the Nrf2-knockout mice than that in WT mice after seawater drowning. These findings may guide the development of a new therapeutic approach for seawater drowning-induced ALI Conclusions: These results suggested that Nrf2 can inhibit ferroptosis and therefore alleviate ALI induced by seawater drowning. The effectiveness of ferroptosis inhibition by Nrf2 provides a novel therapeutic target for seawater drowning-induced ALI.
Timing for Closed Reduction of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip and Failure Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Li Hao , Li Hai , Zhang Ziming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background It remains controversial whether the older age at closed reduction (CR) of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), the higher incidence of complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Mid-term outcome of CR for DDH among difference age groups, and to analyze and identify risk factors for the failure of this procedure. Methods Clinical data of DDH patients, who received CR, were retrospectively reviewed. Hips were divided into three groups according to initial age (Group I: <12 months; Group II: 12 months to ≤18 months; Group III: >18 months). The presence of avascular necrosis (AVN), residual acetabular dysplasia (RAD), re-dislocation, further surgeries (FS) and failure of CR were observed. The risk factors were identified for those outcomes abovementioned. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis based on age, pre-op AI and post-op AI for failure was conducted.Results A total of 107 patients (156 hips) undergoing CR were evaluated with a median age at initial reduction of 13.0 months (range, 4 to 28 mo). Mean follow-up time in this study was 6.7 years (range, 3-8 years). The incidence of AVN, RAD and re-dislocation was 15.4% (24/156), 17.3% (27/156) and 14.7% (23/156). For AVN, RAD and re-dislocation, the risk factors were pre-op IHDI IV (p=0.033), age≥18 months (p=0.012), and pre-op IHDI IV and walking (p=0.004 and p=0.011), respectively. The areas under the ROC curve of failure were 0.841 (post-op AI), 0.688 (pre-op AI) and 0.650 (age).Conclusions RAD is a complication that must be carefully considered for severe patients older than 18 months before CR. Re-dislocation is associated with pre-op IHDI IV and walking. Patients, who are older than 12.5 months or have a pre-op AI of 38.7° or a post-op AI of 26.4°, are more likely fail of CR.
A Heat-Health Watch and Warning System with Extended Season and Evolving Thresholds.
Authors: Issa Mahamat Abdelkerim , Chebana Fateh , Masselot Pierre , Campagna Celine , Lavigne Éric , Gosselin Pierre , Ouarda Taha B.M.J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMany countries have developed heat-health watch and warning systems (HHWWS) or early-warning systems in an attempt to mitigate the health consequences of extreme heat events. HHWWS usually focus on the four hottest months of the year and impose the same threshold over these months. However, according to climate projections, hot season is expected to extend and/or shift. Some studies demonstrated that health impacts of heat waves are more severe when the human body is not acclimatized to heat. In order to adapt those systems to potential heat waves occurring outside the hottest months of the season, this study proposes specific health-based monthly heat indicators and thresholds over an extended season from April to October in the northern hemisphere. MethodsThe proposed approach, an extension of the HHWWS methodology currently adopted in the province of Quebec, Canada, was developed in the Greater Montreal area (current population 4.3 million) based on historical health and meteorological data over the years. This approach consists of determining excess mortality episodes and then choosing indicators and thresholds that may involve excess mortality.ResultsWe obtain thresholds for the maximum and minimum temperature couple (in °C) that range from (23 and 12, respectively) in April, to (32 and 21) in July and back to (25 and 13) in October. The resulting HHWWS is flexible, with health-related thresholds taking into account the seasonality as well as the monthly variability of temperatures in the threshold definition process for an extended summer season. ConclusionsThis adaptive system has the potential to prevent, by data-driven health alerts, heat-related mortality outside the typical July-August months of heat waves. The proposed methodology is general and can be applied or adapted to other regions and situations.
Spatial and transcriptional heterogeneity of β-cell neogenesis revealed by a time-resolved reporter system
Authors: Sasaki Shugo , Lee Michelle , Wakabayashi Yuka , Suzuki Luka , Winata Helena , Himuro Miwa , Matsuoka Takaaki , Shimomura Iichiro , Watada Hirotaka , Lynn Francis , Miyatsuka Takeshi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
While pancreatic β cells have been shown to originate from endocrine progenitors in ductal regions, it remains unclear precisely where β cells emerge and which transcripts define newborn β cells. Here, we used a mouse model “Ins1-GFP;Timer” that provides spatial information during β-cell neogenesis with high temporal resolution. Fluorescent imaging demonstrated that, as expected, some newborn β cells arise close to the ducts; unexpectedly, all the others arise away from the ducts and adjacent to blood vessels. Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) demonstrated five distinct populations of newborn β cells, confirming the spatial heterogeneity of β-cell neogenesis, and integration analysis with scRNA-seq of hESC-derived β-like cells uncovered transcriptional similarity with the data in mouse β cells. Thus, the combination of time-resolved histological imaging with single-cell transcriptional mapping demonstrated novel features of spatial and transcriptional heterogeneity in β-cell neogenesis, which will lead to a better understanding of β-cell differentiation for future cell therapy.
Possible Association of Polymorphisms in Ubiquitin Specific Peptidase 46 Gene with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Seo Jun-ho , Kim Tae-yong , Kim Se-joo , Choi Jin-hee , So Hyung-seok , Kang Jee In 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Dynamic proteolysis, through the ubiquitin-proteasome system, has an important role in DNA transcription and cell cycle, and is considered to modulate cell stress response and synaptic plasticity. We investigated whether genetic variants in the ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 46 (USP46) would be associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with exposure to combat trauma using a case-control candidate gene association design. Methods: Korean male veterans exposed to the Vietnam War were grouped into those with (n = 128) and without (n = 128) PTSD. Seven tagging SNPs of USP46 were selected, and single-marker and haplotype-based association analyses were performed. All analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic factors and levels of combat exposure severity and alcohol problem. Results: One single-marker (rs2244291) showed nominal evidence of association with PTSD status and with the ‘re-experiencing’ cluster, although the association was not significant after Bonferroni correction. No significant association with the other SNPs or the haplotypes was detected. Conclusion: The present finding suggests preliminarily that genetic vulnerability regarding the ubiquitin-proteasome system may be related to fear memory processes and the development of PTSD symptoms after trauma exposure. Further studies with a larger sample size will be needed to examine the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system including USP46 in PTSD.
Regional Height Growth Models for Scots Pine in Poland
Authors: Socha Jarosław , Tymińska-Czabańska Luiza , Zięba Stanisław , Cywicka Dominika , Hawryło Paweł 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Site productivity remains a fundamental concern in forestry as a significant driver of resource availability. The site index (SI) reflects the overall impact of all environmental parameters that determine tree height growth and is the most commonly used indirect proxy for forest site productivity estimated using stand age and height. One of the most critical challenges in the site index (SI) concept are local variations in climate, soil, and genotype-environmental interactions that lead to variable height growth patterns among ecoregions and cause inappropriate estimation of site productivity. Developing regional models can solve this problem and allow us to determine forest growth and SI appropriately.Results: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop regional height growth models (RMs) for the Scots pine in Poland. For height growth modelling, we used the growth trajectory data of 855 sample trees, representing the entire range of geographic locations and site conditions of the Scots pine in Poland. Collected growth trajectories were used for the development of the global height growth model (GM) for Poland and RMs for six natural forest regions, which were adopted as the spatial unit for the model regionalisation. Height prediction errors by the global model were found to be significantly larger than those obtained with regional models in all regions. The results showed significant differences between growth trajectories in natural forest regions I, II, and III located in northern Poland compared to stands in natural forest regions IV, V, and VI in southern Poland.Conclusions: The presented study showed differences in height growth patterns of Scots pines in Poland and revealed that the use of local models could improve the growth prediction and quality of the SI estimation. Developed RMs show better fit statistics and predictive validity than the GM developed for the countrywide scale. Differences in climate and soil conditions which distinguish natural forest regions affect height growth patterns of Scots pine. Therefore, extending this research to models which directly describe the interactions of height growth with site variables, such as climate, soil properties, and topography, can provide additional valuable forest management information.
Determinants of Willingness to Accept Kidney Transplantation Among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Ghana
Authors: Boima Vincent , Amissah-Arthur Maame-Boatemaa , Yorke Ernest , Dey Dzifa , Fiagbe Delali , Yawson Alfred Edwin , Nonvignon Justice , Mate-Kole Charles Christopher 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The burden of chronic kidney disease in Africa is three to four times higher than high-income countries and the cost of treatment is beyond the reach of most affected persons. The ultimate treatment for end stage renal disease is kidney transplantation which is not available in most African countries. As kidney transplantation is a budding treatment in Ghana, this study assessed factors which could influence Chronic kidney disease patients’ willingness to accept it as a treatment option.
Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the determinants of willingness to accept kidney transplantation as a treatment option for end stage renal disease among chronic kidney disease patients in Ghana.
Methods
This cross-sectional survey was carried out among chronic kidney disease patients in Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Consecutive sampling method was used to recruit consenting patients. Structured questionnaire and standardized research instruments were used to obtain information on demographic, socio-economic characteristics, knowledge about transplant, perception of transplantation, religiosity and spirituality. Logistic regression model was used to assess the determinants of willingness to accept kidney transplantation.
Results
342 CKD patients participated in the study of which 56.7% (n = 194) were males. The mean age of the participants was 50.24 ± 17.08 years. The proportion of participants willing to accept kidney transplantation was 67.3% (95%CI: 62.0–72.2%). The factors which influenced participants’ willingness to accept this treatment include; willingness to attend a class on kidney transplantation (p < 0.016), willingness to donate a kidney if they had the chance (p < 0.005), perception that living person could donate a kidney (p < 0.001) and perception of improved quality of life after transplant (p < 0.005). The barriers for accepting kidney transplantation were anticipated complications of transplant surgery and financial constraints.
Conclusion
More than two-thirds of CKD patients were willing to accept kidney transplantation and this is influenced by multiple factors. Government health agencies must consider full or partial coverage of kidney transplantation through the existing national health insurance scheme. Further, efficient educational programmes are required to improve patients and physician’s knowledge on the importance of kidney transplantation.
Micropercutaneous Versus Minipercutaneous for the Management of Moderately Sized Kidney Stones: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gao Xiaoshuai , Zhou Liang , Wang Wei , Di Xingpeng , Xiao Kaiwen , Jin Xi , Li Hong , Wang Kunjie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To assess the efficacy and safety of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (Miniperc) and micropercutaneous nephrolithotomy (Microperc) for moderately sized renal stones. Methods: Literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase was performed before January 2020. We used odds ratios (OR) and weighted mean difference (WMD) for dichotomous variables and continuous variables, respectively. Results were pooled by Review Manager version 5.3 software. Results: A total of 4 studies involving 172 Microperc and 162 Miniperc cases were included. The overall SFR of Microperc was 86.05% (148/172), while the SFR of the Miniperc was 87.65% (142/162). Microperc was associated with lower hemoglobin drop (WMD: -0.98; P = 0.03), higher renal colic requiring D-J stent insertion (OR: 3.49; P=0.01). No significant differences exist between Microperc and Miniperc with respect to stone-free rate (SFR) (OR: 0.90; P=0.75), urinary tract infection (OR: 0.38; P=0.18), operative time (WMD: 14.73; P = 0.54) and hospital stay time (WMD: -1.04; P=0.07). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrated that Microperc could obtain comparable SFR with Miniperc. Microperc was associated with lower hemoglobin drop, but Miniperc was associated with lower renal colic rates. In addition, the operation time and hospital stay time for these two procedures were similar.