bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cocoa-flavanols enhance moderate-intensity pulmonary V̇O2 kinetics but not exercise tolerance in sedentary middle-aged adults: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sadler Daniel , Draijer Richard , Stewart Claire E. , Jones Helen , Marwood Simon , Thijssen Dick H. J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Cocoa flavanols (CF) may exert health benefits through their potent vasodilatory effects which are perpetuated by elevations in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. These vasodilatory effects may contribute to improved delivery of blood and oxygen to exercising muscle.Objective: Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine how CF supplementation impacts pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇O2) kinetics and exercise tolerance in sedentary middle-aged adults.Methods: We employed a double-blind cross-over, placebo-controlled design whereby 17 participants (11 male, 6 female; mean±SD, 45±6 years) randomly received either 7 days of daily CF (400 mg) or placebo (PL) supplementation. On day 7, participants completed a series of ‘step’ moderate- and severe-intensity exercise tests for the determination of oxygen uptake kinetics.Results: During moderate-intensity exercise, the time constant of the fundamental phase of V̇O2 kinetics (τV̇O2) was decreased by 15% in CF as compared to PL (mean±SD; PL: 40±12 vs. CF: 34±9 s, P=0.019), with no differences in the amplitude of V̇O2 (AV̇O2; PL: 0.77±0.32 vs. CF: 0.79±0.34 l min−1, P=0.263). However, during severe-intensity exercise, τV̇O2,the amplitude of the slow component (SCV̇O2) and exercise tolerance (PL: 435±58 vs. CF: 424±47 s, P=0.480) were unchanged between conditions.Conclusions: Our data show that acute CF supplementation enhanced oxygen uptake kinetics during moderate-, but not severe-intensity exercise in middle-aged participants. These novel effects of CFs, in this demographic, may contribute to improved tolerance of moderate-activity physical activities, which appear commonly present in daily life.Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT04370353
Plasma microRNAs can be a potential diagnostic biomarker for endometriosis
Authors: Zhuo Zhihong , Wang Chuhan , Yu Huimin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPlasma microRNAs are considered to be potential diagnostic biomarkers for endometriosis. Increasing evidence has shown that a huge amount of miRNAs are abnormally expressed in endometriosis plasma and play irreplaceable roles in diagnosis. MethodsThe aim of the our study was to identify the differential expression of circular miRNA by reviewing the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane databases between normal women and women with endometriosis and analyzing the miRNA data downloaded from the GEO database.ResultsBecause of the differential miRNA expression in this review, we evaluated the diagnostic values of the differentially expressed miRNAs, particularly during the menstrual phases. According to the cut-off criteria with |log 2 FC|>1.0 and P < 0.05, 36 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified, including 13 upregulated miRNAs and 23 downregulated miRNAs. We developed miR-155, miR-574, miR-23a, and miR-520d via a Venn diagram. Functional enrichment analysis considered that the target miRNAs might be involved in various pathways related to endometriosis, including neurotrophin, Hippo, oocyte meiosis, ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, HTLV-Infection, FoxO, and Rap1 signaling pathways. CTNNB1, MYC, and ES R1 of transcription factors were related to the differentially expressed miRNAs.ConclusionsIn summary, our study suggested that a four-miRNA could be included as a prognostic marker in endometriosis.
Association Between a Functional Polymorphism in the Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA) Gene and Both Emotional Coping Style and Neuroticism
Authors: Forero Diego A. , Adan Ana , Lopez-Leon Sandra 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Identification of novel genetic factors for Depressive Disorders (DD) represents a major challenge around the world. Molecular studies of endophenotypes associated with DD, such as personality traits and coping, are powerful strategies for finding genetic markers.

Objective:
The main objective of this work was to confirm the potential relationship between a functional polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene and scores in coping and neuroticism in young adults.

Methods:
A Colombian sample of two hundred fifty-one young participants was evaluated with the short forms of the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS-SF) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI-S). Genotypes for MAOA-VNTR polymorphism were obtained by PCR.

Results: A significant relationship between the functional MAOA-VNTR polymorphism and scores in both emotion-oriented coping and neuroticism was found. Individuals carrying the 4 allele (3/4 or 4/4 genotypes) had higher scores for both emotion-oriented coping and neuroticism than individuals with a 3/3 genotype.

Conclusion:
Our current findings are novel in terms of being the first report of a relationship between a functional polymorphism in the MAOA gene and coping and add evidence to the association of this gene with neuroticism. Our results expand the associations between MAOA gene and multiple dimensions of human emotion and personality.
Clinical and Biochemical Evaluation of the Effect of Diode Laser Treatment Compared to the Non-surgical and Surgical Treatment of Periodontal Diseases
Authors: Sopi Mirlinda , Koçani Ferit , Bardhoshi Merita , Meqa Kastriot 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Periodontal therapy consists of eliminating the inflammation, treating periodontal pockets, motivating the patient for oral hygiene, and, if necessary, for surgical treatment. Recently, the application of a diode laser is widely being investigated for periodontal disease treatment.

Objective:
The analysis and evaluation of the clinical and biochemical impact of diode laser periodontal treatment, compared to either surgical or non-surgical, therapy, was the aim of this study.

Methods:
The study involved 80 patients older than 18 with at least 20 teeth. Evaluation of periodontal parameters was done conveniently on a single-rooted tooth (incisive, canine, premolar) on six surfaces, before the start of periodontal therapy, and after three, and six months. The laser used in the study was a diode laser with a wavelength of 980 nm. Digital X-rays were taken for bone level evaluation before and after the treatment. The presence of a bone destruction mediator (Matrix metalloproteinase-8 - MMP-8) was evaluated by the dipstick immunoassay test. Biochemical analysis and radiographic measurements were evaluated at the baseline and six months after the treatment. The statistical analysis included χ2-test and one-way ANOVA.

Results:
The results of this study showed that diode laser treatment was more effective in reducing periodontal clinical parameters, lowering MMP-8 levels and reducing the bone loss, compared to the group treated with scaling and root planning, or with a surgical approach.

Conclusion:
Diode laser may be considered as an effective alternative for periodontal treatment, with benefits in clinical and biochemical parameters.
Error-aware Design Procedure to Implement Energy-efficient Approximate Squaring Hardware
Authors: Loukrakpam Merin , Singh Ch. Lison , Choudhury Madhuchhanda 
Published: June 2020

Background::
In recent years, there has been a high demand for executing digital signal
processing and machine learning applications on energy-constrained devices. Squaring is a vital arithmetic
operation used in such applications. Hence, improving the energy efficiency of squaring is crucial.

Objective::
In this paper, a novel approximation method based on piecewise linear segmentation of the
square function is proposed.

Methods:
Two-segment, four-segment and eight-segment accurate and energy-efficient 32-bit approximate
designs for squaring were implemented using this method. The proposed 2-segment approximate
squaring hardware showed 12.5% maximum relative error and delivered up to 55.6% energy saving when
compared with state-of-the-art approximate multipliers used for squaring.

Results:
The proposed 4-segment hardware achieved a maximum relative error of 3.13% with up to 46.5%
energy saving.

Conclusion::
The proposed 8-segment design emerged as the most accurate squaring hardware with a
maximum relative error of 0.78%. The comparison also revealed that the 8-segment design is the most
efficient design in terms of error-area-delay-power product.
Development of Green and Clean Processes for Perfumes and Flavors Using Heterogeneous Chemical Catalysis
Authors: Malkar Radhika S. , Yadav Ganapati D. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
In this review, different heterogeneous catalysts based on acid, base, metal
and enzymes are discussed for the synthesis of industrially relevant perfumes and flavor compounds.
These molecules are mainly produced by a variety of reaction pathways such as esterification, isomerization,
hydration, alkylation, hydrogenation, oxidation, etc. All these reactions are discussed thoroughly
for the synthesis of vital aromatic compounds. The review also summarizes various recent
technologies applied for designing new catalysts to obtain the maximum yield of the desired product.
Overall, this review highlights the green, clean and eco-friendly processes which can be industrially
accepted for the synthesis of perfumes, flavors and fragrances.

Objective:
The objective of the current review was to emphasize on the synthesis of industrially important
perfumes and flavor molecules such as α-terpineol, cyclohexyl esters, thymol, raspberry ketone,
etc. using heterogeneous catalysts.

Results:
Three hundred and eight papers are reported in this review, the majority of which are on heterogeneous
catalysis for the synthesis of molecules which impart flavor or possess perfumery characteristics.
Among all, the preparation of esters is highlighted as they represent an imperative functional
group in aroma chemicals.

Conclusion:
The review confirms the need for heterogeneous catalysis in pollution-free and costeffective
synthesis of flavor and perfumery compounds.
Rationale for Selection of Non-Dominated Options for Pulsed Sources of Electromagnetic Energy
Authors: Kozlov V. V. , Zontova T. V. 
Published: June 2020

Основой электромагнитных боеприпасов является источник мощных электромагнитных импульсов. Современные системы генерации мощных электромагнитных излучений имеют энергетические возможности, которые обеспечивают выведение из строя радиоэлектронных средств на расстояниях от сотен метров до десятков километров.В настоящее время в связи с развитием высокоточных систем доставки излучателя мощных электромагнитных излучений появились новые возможности для электромагнитных боеприпасов, воздействующих на электронные устройства и средства связи противника. Электромагнитные боеприпасы относятся к боеприпасам избирательного действия, которые формируют мощные электромагнитные импульсы для функционального поражения (вывода из строя) чувствительных элементов радиоэлектронных средств, входящих в ракетные и авиационные комплексы. Ракетные и авиационные комплексы как основные ударные средства представляют собой совокупность разнородных типовых легкоуязвимых целей с элементами радиоэлектронных средств, к которым можно отнести пусковые установки с ракетами наземного и морского базирования, летательные аппараты (самолеты и вертолеты) на стоянках и палубах надводных кораблей, радиотехнические, навигационные радиолокационные станции, станции спутниковой системы связи, управления и др.В этом аспекте действие электромагнитных боеприпасов имеет важное военное значение, так как может привести к необратимому повреждению широкого спектра электрического и электронного оборудования вооружения и военной техники.Данная работа посвящена обоснованию и выбору недоминируемых вариантов импульсных источников электромагнитной энергии, которые потенциально могут быть использованы в качестве генераторов источников мощных электромагнитных импульсов.В статье рассмотрена модель согласования решений с использованием коэффициентов весомости показателей качества объектов на примере сравнения вариантов импульсных источников электромагнитной энергии.
Carbonitriding of Diamondiferous Tape Based on Iron and Its Alloys
Authors: Khlybov A. A. , Kolosova T. M. , Belyaev E. S. , Belyaeva S. S. 
Published: June 2020

Представлены результаты исследования структуры и свойств алмазосодержащих листовых материалов, предназначенных для изготовления тонких отрезных кругов для операций разделения изделий в микроэлектронике. Рассматриваемый алмазосодержащий материал изготовлен на базе металлической связки системы «железо – медь – никель». Структурная композиция, обеспечивающая работоспособность инструмента, создана путем прокатки порошковой шихты в ленту, спекания прокатной ленты, многостадийной уплотняющей, совмещенной с механико-термической обработкой и заключительной химико-термической обработкой готовых отрезных кругов.Механико-термическая обработка совмещает этапы уплотнения до беспористого состояния инструментальной ленты и позволяет увеличить прочность связки в алмазосодержащем инструменте за счет создания работоспособной дислокационной структуры. Механизмы дисперсионного упрочнения подразделяются на основные и косвенные. Основные базируются на том, что дисперсные частицы являются препятствиями для движения дислокаций, косвенные связанны с влиянием дисперсных частиц на характер субструктуры. К основным упрочняющим фазам относятся карбиды, нитриды, карбонитриды, интерметаллиды.Химико-термическая обработка (карбинитрация) формирует в структуре дисперсные нитриды и карбонитриды, что создает дополнительные препятствия для движения дислокации, увеличивая прочность связки согласно принципам дисперсионного твердения.В результате комплексной обработки, направленной на формирование структуры металлической связки тонких алмазосодержащих отрезных кругов, достигнута микротвердость в наружном слое отрезного круга до 8250 МПа, а во внутреннем гетерофазном слое – до 4150 МПа. Высокая микротвердость в наружном слое отрезного круга позволила снизить радиальный износ до 26 мкм на 100 м суммарного пути резания при скорости вращения 34000 мин–1 и максимальной предельной разрушающей подаче 95…103 мм/с (при резке высокотвердых хрупких материалов) по сравнению с отрезными кругами, полученными то аналогичной технологии, но не подвергнутыми заключительной химико-термической обработке. В рассмотренном случае химико-термическая обработка, проводимая на тонких отрезных кругах, существенно повышает их ресурс работы.
Reseña del libro Investigación cualitativa de Carlos A. Sandoval Casilimas (2002)
Authors: Ramírez Pasos Cristian David 
Published: June 2020

En el texto sobre investigación cualitativa, el autor aborda tres categorías que desarrollan contenidos concernientes a un enfoque cualitativo y desde el cual se analiza y comprende tanto su fundamentación metodológica y práctica, como su importancia en el proceso investigativo de acuerdo a la intención o propósito del investigador. Las tres grandes categorías en las que se divide esta unidad son: perspectivas comprensivas y explicativas de la investigación social cualitativa: fundamentos teóricos y características específicas; profundización metodológica en dos encuadres específicos de investigación cualitativa: la etnografía y la teoría fundada; y por último se abordan las estrategias metodológicas especializadas de corte cualitativo. Cada una de las categorías mencionadas anteriormente, contienen unas subcategorías que permiten entender de forma más concreta las temáticas que se desarrollan en la presentación y comprensión de los diversoselementos pertenecientes a la investigación cualitativa.
Implementasi Green Business dalam Ekoturisme di Jawa Tengah (Studi pada Tiga Obyek Wisata)
Authors: Suciarto Sentot , Ferijani Agatha 
Published: June 2020

In the year 2025 it is hoped that ASEAN will become tourist destination offering ASEAN experience which unique, diversify, and developing sustainable, inclusive, and responsible tourism. It will become significant contributionto the economic life of ASEAN community. According to that vision, Indonesia also develops tourism which environment friendly and green business. Ecoturism as traveling activities to destination region should folow natural rules for enjoying natural beauty, including education-comprehension and support to conservation which could increase local community income. In this research selected three tourist ecotourism destination including Morosari Mangrove Forest at Demak Region, Tlogo Tuntang Tourism at Bawen Salatiga, and Forest Park Botanical Garden Mangkunegoro 1 at Lawu Mountain at Karanganyar Region. Research result showed that Mangrove Forest Demak, Tlogo Resort Tuntang and Forest Park Botanical Garden not yet becoming ecotourism and tourist business which profitable and sustainable tourism. There is local management desire to make tourism based on natural wealth or tourist destination which conserving ecology. The three tourist destinations generally need continous improvement so that becoming intereseting ecoturism and profitable. It is needed to continuously conserve flora and fauna, and environment management to attract visitors.
Bibliografía de filología hispánica
Authors: De Filología Hispánica Nueva Revista 
Published: June 2020

Las reseñas se consignan a continuación del libro (o artículo reseñado). Cuando éste se ha descrito en una entrega anterior de la Bibliografía, se pone entre paréntesis el número de ficha correspondiente. También se hacen referencias a ediciones anteriores de una obra, a tomos anteriores de una obra en curso de publicación, etc. En estos casos, la cifra que precede al número de referencia indica el volumen de la NRFH en que figura la ficha en cuestión. Así, el "núm. 39-39695" corresponde a la ficha 39695, la cual está en el volumen 39 de la NRFH. Cuando no hay cifra inicial, ha de entenderse que el número remite a una ficha incluida en el presente fascículo.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND INNOVATION: A MULTIPLE CASE STUDY WITH BRAZILIAN COMPANIES
Authors: Do Canto Natália Rohenkohl , Dullius Verschoore Andréia Cristina , Dias Patrícia , De Barcellos Marcia Dutra 
Published: June 2020

Different stakeholders pressure companies to innovate and to include Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in their strategy. This article examines how innovation and CSR relate in some Brazilian companies. We conducted a multiple case study with five companies that claim to be highly innovative and to include social and environmental responsibility in their strategic agenda. Results indicate that CSR is mainly employed in a reactive way and cannot be considered strategic in these cases. CSR has a secondary position for these companies, while innovation is prioritized, since it is perceived as a source of value and competitiveness. We found a unilateral relation between the constructs, according to which innovation can generate CSR benefits, but CSR does not generate benefits in terms of innovation. CSR and innovation also exist independently, in a way that not every innovation generates CSR benefits. The paper presents implications and future studies suggestions.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Perdata Melalui Gugatan Sederhana Berdasarkan Perma Nomor. 2 Tahun 2015
Authors: Praptono Eddhie , Idayanti Soesi , Hadha Khamdani 
Published: June 2020

Proses penyelesaian sengketa dapat dilakukan melalui 2 (dua) cara yaitu litigasi / jalur hukum / judicial sttelement yang dilakukan melalui pengadilan dan non litigasi yang dilakukan melalui jalur diluar pengadilan. Proses penyelesaian sengketa melalui pengadilan menyebabkan terjadinya penumpukan perkara di pengadilan. Hal ini berpengaruh kepada citra pengadilan yang menjadi buruk, tidak efektif, dan tidak profesional. Untuk mengantisipasi permasalahan kompleks dan berbelit – belitnya proses penyelesaian sengketa perdata melalui jalur litigasi ini, maka Mahkamah Agung mengeluarkan Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2 Tahun 2015 Tentang Tata Cara Penyelesaian Gugatan di mana dalam penyelesaian sengketa perdata dapat diselesaikan melalui praktik yang lebih sederhana dan cepat namun pada akhirnya dapat menghasilkan putusan yang memiliki kekuatan hukum tetap. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses dan pelaksanaan PERMA Nomor.2 Tahun 2015 pada Perkara Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Nomor : 10/Pdt.G.S/2018/PN.Tgl. Metode penelitian menggunakan fokus Judicial Case Study. Jenis penelitian Library Research. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan normatif. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data ditempuh dengan cara studi pustaka, metode analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Pada penulisan ini menjelaskan bahwa penyelesaian sengketa melalui Gugatan Sederhana berdasarkan PERMA No.2 Tahun 2015 telah memenuhi aspek kriteria dan aspek tahapan penyelesaiaan perkara terhadap keberatan putusan berbeda pada gugatan umum yang dapat berupa banding, kasasi bahkan hingga peninjauan kembali. Hal ini terbukti dapat memangkas waktu dan biaya dalam proses persidangan sehingga menjadi lebih cepat, sederhana, dan biaya ringan.
Perbaikan Manajemen Produksi Pasca Panen dan Pemasaran pada Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah di Kota Padang Panjang
Authors: Wati Rahmi , Suresti Amna , Indrayani Ida , Sukma Ade , Susanti Hilda 
Published: June 2020

The dedication was held on 2 (two) groups of farmers in Padang Panjang, which Farmers Group Permata Ibu and Lembah Makmur. The problems that be founded were (1) the production of milk was still low, (2) the lacked of diversification of products and packaging technology, (3). lacked of market segmentation. These activities provided information to improve the quality and quantity of milk production. Providing products diversification Technologies such as making yogurt, ice cream and milk pudding method. Then all of these products were packed by using innovations such as the use of plastic cups and aluminum foil that has been labeled the farmer groups. Market expansion was conducted in several schools, cafes and restaurants in Padang Panjang City.
A Simple Approach to Achieve Organic Radicals with Unusual Solid-State Emission and Extraordinary Stability
Authors: ZHAO Xueqian , zhao zheng , Gong Junyi , Ma, Chao , Alam Parvej , wang Yanpei , Guo Jing , Zeng Zebing , He Zikai , Sung Herman H.-Y. , williams ian duncan , Wong Kam Sing , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: June 2020

Herein, we report a simple approach to generate stableluminescent radicals in the presence of gentle UV irradiation. The newly generated radicalspecies are capable of emitting unusual red light with a maximum fluorescence quantumefficiency of 4.6% at ambient conditions in the solid state. Additionally, the luminescentradicals show extraordinary stability with more than one-year life-span at ambient conditions.X-ray diffraction study combined with photophysical and computational analyses reveal thatthe unique molecular symmetry breaking in the crystalline state lead to the unusual formationand stabilization of radical ion pairs via the photo-induced electron transfer (PET) process. Suchresults represent the first time to achieve stable emissive radicals in the solid state at ambientconditions via in-situ PET process.
Нормалізація і розвиток американсько-в’єтнамських відносин у 1990-ті рр.
Authors: Городня Наталія , Підберезних Інна 
Published: June 2020

У статті висвітлено процес нормалізації і розвитку американсько-в’єтнамських відносин за адміністрацій Дж. Г. У. Буша і Б. Клінтона, чинники, які на нього впливали, основні події і сфери двостороннього співробітництва 1995-2000 рр. Показано, що підґрунтя для нормалізації відносин між США і В’єтнамом заклало їхнє співробітництво у справі пошуку військовослужбовців США, які зникли під час В’єтнамської війни. Після встановлення дипломатичних відносин у липні 1995 р. найбільш важливою подією було підписання у липні 2000 р. Двосторонньої торговельної угоди, реалізація якої мала суттєвий вплив на позитивний розвиток двосторонніх відносин у ХХІ ст. Візит президента Б. Клінтона до В’єтнаму в листопаді 2000 р. підвів підсумки цього установчого періоду, основним змістом якого було звільнення політики двох держав від негативного спадку В’єтнамської війни.