bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La digestion des amidons par les ruminants et ses conséquences
Authors: SAUVANT D. , CHAPOUTOT P. , ARCHIMEDE H. 
Published: July 2020

Il est maintenant acquis que la digestion ruminale de l’amidon varie largement en fonction de la nature de l’aliment et de son traitement technologique. La mesure in sacco de la dégradation théorique de l’amidon (X,%) permet de prédire la digestibilité préintestinale (Y,%) de ce constituant : Y = 0,483 X + 45,62. Les différences sur les paramètres de la digestion de l’amidon peuvent se répercuter sur la protéosynthèse microbienne, le profil fermentaire et la stabilité de l’écosystème ruminal. La digestibilité de l’amidon entrant dans l’intestin grêle n’est que partielle et semble révéler une limite de la capacité amylolytique de ce segment. L’amidon non digéré dans l’intestin grêle est en partie dégradé par les microorganismes du gros intestin. Les résultats de bilans digestifs partiels publiés à ce jour permettent d’effectuer une estimation des quantités d’acides gras volatils et de glucose potentiellement mises à disposition de l’animal par l’amidon d’un régime. Lorsque la ration distribuée aboutit à des valeurs normales du profil fermentaire ruminal et du taux butyreux du lait, il ne semble pas y avoir d’effet important de la vitesse de digestion de l’amidon et de sa répartition entre les différents segments digestifs. Une distinction apparaît par contre pour les régimes plus riches en concentrés qui entraînent des fermentations propioniques marquées et un faible taux butyreux du lait. Dans ce cas, le choix d’amidon lentement dégradable semble apporter une certaine "sécurité fermentaire" dans le rumen et permet de limiter la chute du taux butyreux du lait. D’une façon générale, des recherches doivent encore être poursuivies pour mieux connaître les conséquences nutritionnelles et zootechniques de la vitesse de dégradation de l’amidon des régimes dans le réticulo-rumen et pour élaborer des recommandations fiables.
Composantes de la dépense énergétique au cours du nycthémère chez la truie adulte à l’entretien : rôle de l’activité physique
Authors: NOBLET J. , SHI X.S. , DUBOIS S. 
Published: July 2020

La production de chaleur (HP, par calorimétrie indirecte) et l’activité physique (station debout vs station couchée) de six truies Large White castrées (poids vif moyen : 208 kg), maintenues individuellement en chambres respiratoires, à une température de 24°C, et alimentées une fois par jour à 100, 60 ou 0% de leur besoin énergétique d’entretien ont été mesurées en continu après le repas. Chaque truie a fait l’objet de 8 à 10 séries de mesures sur des régimes différents au cours des 9 mois de l’expérience. L’analyse des données permet de quantifier les différentes composantes de la production de chaleur totale chez des animaux à l’entretien. En moyenne, pour les 6 truies de l’étude, le coût énergétique de la station debout (240 minutes par jour) est de 14,9 kJ par minute de station debout, ce qui représente 15% de la production de chaleur totale (400 kJ/kg P0,75). L’activité physique est enregistrée exclusivement pendant la période diurne. La production de chaleur pour un niveau d’activité physique nul (340 kJ/kg P0,75) se répartit entre la production de chaleur à jeun (260 kJ/kg P0,75) et l’extra-chaleur associée à l’utilisation métabolique de l’énergie métabolisable. Cette dernière fraction est variable avec la composition de l’aliment. Le coût énergétique de la prise d’aliment est évalué à 2% de la quantité d’énergie métabolisable ingérée. Les résultats mettent également en évidence que cette répartition de la production de chaleur varie au cours du nycthémère. Combinées aux données de la bibliographie, notre étude met en évidence que le besoin en énergie et le niveau des performances de la truie gravide sont directement dépendants des conditions de logement et de son comportement.
Qualité de la litière en aviculture. Aliments et caractéristiques physiques des excretas
Authors: CARRE B. , GOMEZ J. , DE MONREDON F. , MELCION J.P. 
Published: July 2020

L’article décrit la suite d’une expérience dans laquelle avait été établie la prédiction des consommations et excrétions d’eau chez les dindonneaux de chair. Les résultats présentés ici sont relatifs à la prédiction de l’état physique des excretas. Les excretas de dindonneaux nourris avec 27 régimes granulés différents sont caractérisés pour leur pouvoir collant à l’aide d’un rhéomètre destiné aux matériaux pâteux. Des notes visuelles de déstructuration sont également attribuées aux excretas.
Le pouvoir collant et la note de déstructuration des excretas sont positivement corrélés entre eux (R2 = 0,26 ; n = 216) et sont chacun positivement corrélés à la teneur en eau des excretas (R2 = 0,23 et R2 = 0,55, respectivement ; n = 216). Ces mesures (valeurs moyennes par régime) sont reliées aux caractéristiques des régimes par régressions linéaires multiples. Les meilleures équations comportent les deux variables "viscosité utile réelle" (VUR) et "eau retenue par les parois végétales" (Eau-PAR). Les variables VUR et Eau-PAR sont respectivement affectées de coefficients positifs et négatifs. Les R2 des régressions sont de 0,485 et 0,819 pour le pouvoir collant et la note de déstructuration des excretas, respectivement. La rétention d’eau des parois végétales des régimes dépend de la rétention d’eau des parois des matières premières utilisées, qui varie dans un rapport de 1 à 4, et de la température en sortie de presse. Les plus fortes températures entraînent une réduction du pouvoir de rétention d’eau des parois végétales.
THE EXISTENCE OF COLLATERAL IN CREDIT THROUGH PEER-TO-PEER LENDING SERVICES
Authors: Nugraheni Ninis , Aziza Qonitah Annur 
Published: July 2020

<em>Recently, the total number of registered P2P Lending Fintech promoters has reached 144 companies after 17 fintech joined in one month and had a business license in October 2019. The status of business lisence conferred to platforms registered in OJK has met a number of requirements such as information security in the form of ISO 271001, digital signature and the principle of risk management. As an “umbrella organizationn” for all fintech companies in Indonesia, Indonesia Fintech Association (i.e., AFTECH) has 280 members, which 250 of them operate their business in digital financing system, online credit, innovation on digital finance, insuretech, equity crowdfunding, and etc. The rapid growth of the fintech industry may definitely make a huge contribution to the Indonesian people, especially for retail and unbanked segments. However, this rapid growth potentially evokes legal problems on its implementation as the implementation of credit on peer-to-peer lending does not bring the engaged parties into person but solely through online-access in addition to its less prudence of making transactions, a default of loans which injures the creditors may likely to happen. The importance of legal protection for creditors by selecting an appropriate mitigation of risks (e.g., fiduciary warrant) as a legal assurance for engaged parties, especially the preferent creditors in terms of possessing the fiduciary certificate when it comes to default.</em> <em>The result of this study with the fiduciary agreement, it will be prioritized in credit disbursement when the debtor turns into bangkruptcy and thus they are not allowed to use their loans for another purpose</em>
Acute Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Leg Following Brief Activity
Authors: Keeling Laura E. , Chang Edward S. 
Published: July 2020

Case:
A 26-year-old man presented to the emergency department with atraumatic right leg pain after a period of low-impact activity. He was discharged and returned 3 days later with findings of acute compartment syndrome.

Conclusion:
We present a case of delayed diagnosis of acute exertional compartment syndrome (AECS) in the setting of rhabdomyolysis, leading to detrimental sequelae. Practitioners with a high degree of clinical suspicion can make a prompt and accurate diagnosis by physical examination alone, allowing early treatment of AECS.
Lumbar Discitis and Osteomyelitis After a Spinal Stem Cell Injection?
Authors: Ramos Omar , Speirs Joshua N. , Danisa Olumide 
Published: July 2020

Case:
A 32-year-old man developed lumbar discitis and osteomyelitis after receiving a cell-based injection for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. Initial cultures were negative, but he continued to worsen, and a repeat set of cultures was taken. On day 10, Cutibacterium acnes was isolated. He was then successfully treated with 12 weeks of intravenous antibiotics.

Conclusions:
There is minimal regulation on the preparation or administration of cell-based interventions. It is important to consider slow growing organisms such as C. acnes in patients presenting with spinal infection with insidious onset after these treatments.
Snapping of the Sciatic Nerve and Sciatica Provoked by Impingement Between the Greater Trochanter and Ischium
Authors: Hatem Munif , Martin Hal David , Safran Marc R. 
Published: July 2020

Case:
A 64-year-old woman developed worsening sciatica associated with snapping at the hip over a period of 4 years. The physical examination and dynamic ultrasound revealed the snapping of the sciatic nerve (SN) provoked by impingement between the greater trochanter (GT) and the ischium. Additional imaging studies demonstrated hyperintense signal in the SN at the hip, sagittal imbalance, decreased ischiofemoral space, and increased femoral torsion.

Conclusion:
Snapping and entrapment of the SN provoked by impingement between the GT and the ischium should be considered in the differential diagnosis of snapping hip and/or sciatica.
Transcriptome analysis provides insights into the non-methylated lignin synthesis in Paphiopedilum armeniacum seed
Authors: fang lin , Xu Xin , Li Ji , Zheng Feng , Li Mingzhi , Yan Jingwei , Li Yuan , Zhang Xinhua , Li Lin , Ma Guohua , Zhang Aying , Lv Fubin , Wu Kunlin , Zeng Songjun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: Paphiopedilum is an important genus of the orchid family Orchidaceae and has high horticultural value. The wild populations are under threat of extinction because of overcollection and habitat destruction. Mature seeds of most Paphiopedilum species are difficult to germinate, which severely restricts their germplasm conservation and commercial production. The factors inhibiting germination are largely unknown.Results: In this study, large amounts of non-methylated lignin accumulated during seed maturation of Paphiopedilum armeniacum (P. armeniacum), which negatively correlates with the germination rate. The transcriptome profiles of P. armeniacum seed at different development stages were compared to explore the molecular clues for non-methylated lignin synthesis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that a large number of genes associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism during seed maturation were differentially expressed. Several key genes in the lignin biosynthetic pathway displayed different expression patterns during the lignification process. PAL, 4CL, HCT, and CSE upregulation was associated with C and H lignin accumulation. The expression of CCoAOMT, F5H, and COMT were maintained at a low level or down-regulated to inhibit the conversion to the typical G and S lignin. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis confirmed the altered expression levels of these genes in seeds and vegetative tissues. Conclusions: This work demonstrated the plasticity of natural lignin polymer assembly in seed and provided a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of seed-specific lignification process.
Theoretical characterisation of strand cross-correlation in ChIP-seq
Authors: Anzawa Hayato , Yamagata Hitoshi , Kinoshita Kengo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Strand cross-correlation profiles are used for both peak calling pre-analysis and quality control (QC) in chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) analysis. Despite its potential for robust and accurate assessments of signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) because of its peak calling independence, it remains unclear what aspects of quality such strand cross-correlation profiles actually measure.
Results: We introduced a simple model to simulate the mapped read-density of ChIP-seq and then derived the theoretical maximum and minimum of cross-correlation coefficients between strands. The results suggest that the maximum coefficient of typical ChIP-seq samples is directly proportional to the number of total mapped reads and the square of the ratio of signal reads, and inversely proportional to the number of peaks and the length of read-enriched regions. Simulation analysis supported our results and evaluation using 790 ChIP-seq data obtained from the public database demonstrated high consistency between calculated cross-correlation coefficients and estimated coefficients based on the theoretical relations and peak calling results. In addition, we found that the mappability-bias-correction improved sensitivity, enabling differentiation of maximum coefficients from the noise level. Based on these insights, we proposed virtual S/N (VSN), a novel peak call-free metric for S/N assessment. We also developed PyMaSC, a tool to calculate strand cross-correlation and VSN efficiently. VSN achieved most consistent S/N estimation for various ChIP targets and sequencing read depths. Furthermore, we demonstrated that a combination of VSN and pre-existing peak calling results enable the estimation of the numbers of detectable peaks for posterior experiments and assess peak calling results.
Conclusions: We present the first theoretical insights into the strand cross-correlation, and the results reveal the potential and the limitations of strand cross-correlation analysis. Our quality assessment framework using VSN provides peak call-independent QC and will help in the evaluation of peak call analysis in ChIP-seq experiments.
Factors Associated with Receipt of Mammogram among Caregivers: A Comparison with Non-Caregivers
Authors: Kim Soo Young , Guo Yuqi , Won Chorong , Lee Hee Yun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: caregiving responsibilities significantly impact females’ decisions on adhering to preventive mammography. The purpose of this study is to examine (1) the levels of mammogram receipt, (2) the role of caregiving factors on the receipt of mammogram in caregiving group, and (3) the role of cancer beliefs on mammogram screening in caregivers and non-caregivers.Methods: the 2017 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) provides samples of 1228 women aged 40 to 75 years old for this secondary analysis. By using Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use, a binomial logistic regression model was used to analyze associations between mammography and socioeconomic factors, caregiving factors, and cancer belief factors. Results: caregivers who provided more caregiving hours per week (OR=0.749, 95% CI=0.564-0.94) and caregivers who had the belief of rather not knowing the likelihood of getting cancer (OR=0.673, 95% CI=0.496-0.914) were less likely to use mammogram. However, caregivers who believed cancer is more common than heart disease (OR=1.490, 95% CI=1.302- 2.151) were more likely to use a mammogram. Non-caregivers who worried about getting cancer (OR=1.158, 95% CI=0.793-1.691) were more likely to use mammogram, but non-caregivers who had the belief of rather not know the likelihood of getting cancer (OR=0.825, 95% CI=0.713-0.955) were less likely to use mammogram.Conclusions: to support caregivers’ breast cancer prevention, caregiving-related policies based on caregiving hours should be developed. Particularly, effort to promote breast cancer screening education and care support among older primary caregivers will likely increase their adherence to preventive mammography uptake. The development of targeted cancer prevention interventions on specific cancer beliefs held by both groups are also urgently needed to promote mammography.
High intensity exercise downregulates FTO mRNA expression during the early stages of recovery in young males and females
Authors: Danaher Jessica , Stathis Christos G. , Wilson Robin A. , Moreno-Asso Alba , Wellard R. Mark , Cooke Matthew B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Physical exercise and activity status may modify the effect of fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) genotype on body weight and obesity risk. To understand the interaction between FTO’s effect and physical activity, the present study investigated the effects of high and low intensity exercise on FTO mRNA and protein expression, and potential modifiers of exercise-induced changes in FTO in healthy-weighted individuals. Methods: Twenty-eight untrained males and females (25.4 ± 1.1 years; 73.1 ± 2.0 kg; 178.8 ± 1.4 cm; 39.0 ± 1.2 ml.kg.min-1 VO2peak) were genotyped for the FTO rs9939609 (T>A) polymorphism and performed isocaloric (400 kcal) cycle ergometer exercise on two separate occasions at different intensities: 80% (High Intensity (HI)) and 40% (Low Intensity (LO)) VO2peak. Skeletal muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) and blood samples were taken pre-exercise and following 10 and 90 mins passive recovery. Results: FTO mRNA expression was significantly decreased after HI intensity exercise (p=0.003). No differences in basal and post-exercise FTO protein expression were evident between FTO genotypes. Phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) were significantly increased following HI intensity exercise (p<0.05). Multivariate models of metabolomic data (orthogonal two partial least squares discriminant analysis (O2PLS-DA)) were unable to detect any significant metabolic differences between genotypes with either exercise trial (p>0.05). However, skeletal muscle glucose accumulation at 10 mins following HI (p=0.021) and LO (p=0.033) intensity exercise was greater in AA genotypes compared to TT genotypes.Conclusion: Our novel data provides preliminary evidence regarding the effects of exercise on FTO expression in skeletal muscle. Specifically, high intensity exercise downregulates expression of FTO mRNA and suggests that in addition to nutritional regulation, FTO could also be regulated by exercise. Trial Registration: ACTRN12612001230842. Registered 21 November 2012 – Retrospectively registered, https://www.anzctr.org.au/
Functional analysis of the SlERF01 gene in disease resistance to S. lycopersici
Authors: Yang Huanhuan , Shen Fengyi , Wang Hexuan , Zhao Tingting , Zhang He , Jiang Jingbin , Xu Xiangyang , LI JINGFU 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Tomato gray leaf spot caused by Stemphylium lycopersici (S. lycopersici) is a serious disease that can severely hinder tomato production. To date, only Sm has been reported to provide resistance against this disease, and the molecular mechanism underlying resistance to this disease in tomato remains unclear. To better understand the mechanism of tomato resistance to S. lycopersici, real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)-based analysis, physiological indexes, microscopy observations and transgenic technology were used in this study.Results: Our results showed that the expression of SlERF01 was strongly induced by S. lycopersici and by exogenous applications of the hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA). Furthermore, overexpression of SlERF01 enhanced the hypersensitive response (HR) to S. lycopersici and elevated the expression of defense genes in tomato. Furthermore, the accumulation of lignin, callose and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) increased in the transgenic lines after inoculation with S. lycopersici. Taken together, our results showed that SlERF01 played an indispensable role in multiple SA, JA and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways to provide resistance to S. lycopersici invasion. Our findings also indicated that SlERF01 could activate the expression of the PR1 gene and enhance resistance to S. lycopersici.Conclusions: We identified the SlERF01 gene, which encodes a novel tomato AP2/ERF transcription factor (TF). Functional analysis revealed that SlERF01 positively regulates tomato resistance to S. lycopersici. Our findings indicate that SlERF01 plays a key role in multiple SA, JA and ROS signaling pathways to provide resistance to invasion by S. lycopersici. The findings of this study not only help to better understand the mechanisms of response to pathogens but also enable targeted breeding strategies for tomato resistance to S. lycopersici.
Genomics-assisted prediction of salt and alkali tolerances and functional marker development in apple rootstocks
Authors: Liu Jing , Shen Fei , Xiao Yao , Fang Hongcheng , Qiu Changpeng , Li Wei , Wu Ting , Xu Xuefeng , Wang Yi , Zhang Xinzhong , Han Zhenhai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Saline, alkaline, and saline-alkaline stress severely affect plant growth and development. The tolerance of plants to these stressors has long been important breeding objectives, especially for woody perennials like apple. The aims of this study were to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and to develop genomics-assisted prediction models for salt, alkali, and salt-alkali tolerance in apple rootstock. Results: A total of 3,258 hybrids derived from the apple rootstock cultivars ‘Baleng Crab’ (Malus robusta Rehd., tolerant) × ‘M9’ (M. pumila Mill., sensitive) were used to identify 17, 13, and two QTLs for injury indices of salt, alkali, and salt–alkali stress via bulked segregant analysis. The genotype effects of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers designed on candidate genes in each QTL interval were estimated. The genomic predicted value of an individual hybrid was calculated by adding the sum of all marker genotype effects to the mean phenotype value of the population. The prediction accuracy was 0.6569, 0.6695, and 0.5834 for injury indices of salt, alkali, and salt–alkali stress, respectively. SNP182G on MdRGLG3, which changes a leucine to an arginine at the vWFA-domain, conferred tolerance to salt, alkali, and salt-alkali stress. SNP761A on MdKCAB, affecting the Kv_beta domain that cooperated with the linked allelic variation SNP11, contributed to salt, alkali, and salt–alkali tolerance in apple rootstock. Conclusions: The genomics-assisted prediction models can potentially be used in breeding saline, alkaline, and saline-alkaline tolerant apple rootstocks. The QTLs and the functional markers may provide insight for future studies into the genetic variation of plant abiotic stress tolerance.