bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CAR Macrophages for SARS-CoV-2 Immunotherapy
Authors: Fu Wenyan , Lei Changhai , Qian Kewen , Ma Zetong , Li Tian , Lin Fangxin , Zhang Wei , Zhao Jian , Hu Shi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTargeted therapeutics for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially severe cases, are currently lacking. As macrophages have unique effector functions as a first-line defense against invading pathogens, we genetically armed human macrophages with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to reprogram their phagocytic activity against SARS-CoV-2. After investigation of CAR constructs with different intracellular receptor domains, we found that although cytosolic domains from MERTK (CARMERTK) did not trigger antigen-specific cellular phagocytosis or killing effects, unlike those from MEGF10, FcRγ and CD3ζ did, these CARs all mediated similar SARS-CoV-2 clearance in vitro. Notably, we showed that CARMERTKmacrophages reduced the virion load without upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression. These results suggest that CARMERTKdrives an ‘immunologically silent’ scavenger effect in macrophages and pave the way for further investigation of CARs for the treatment of individuals with COVID-19, particularly those with severe cases at a high risk of hyperinflammation.
Continuous variable response, kinetic gating and connectivity that determine topology of insulin signaling are perturbed in hyper-insulinemic states
Authors: Shukla Namrata , Kadam Shantanu , Padinhateeri Ranjith , Kolthur-Seetharam Ullas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnderstanding kinetic control of biological processes is as important as identifying components that constitute pathways. Insulin signaling (IS) is central for almost all metazoans and its perturbations are associated with various diseases and aging. While temporal phosphorylation changes and kinetic constants have provided some insights, constant or variable parameters that establish and maintain signal topology are poorly understood. Our iterative experimental and mathematical simulation-based approaches reveal novel kinetic parameters of IS that encode concentration and nutrient dependent information. Further, we find that pulsatile fasting insulin rewires IS akin to memory and in anticipation of a fed response. Importantly, selective kinetic gating of signals and maximum connectivity, between metabolic and growth-factor arms under normo-insulinemic states, maintains network topology. In addition to unraveling kinetic constraints that determine cascade architecture, our findings will help in identifying novel therapeutic strategies that conserve coupling between metabolic and growth-factor arms, which is lost in diseases and conditions of hyperinsulinemia.
Low-cost 3D-printed inverted microscope to detectMycobacterium tuberculosisin a MODS culture
Authors: Salguedo Mario , Zarate Guillermo , Gilman Robert H. , Comina Germán , Coronel Jorge , Sheen Patricia , Zimic Mirko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe MODS is an important assay for early diagnosis of tuberculosis and drug susceptibility. MODS is based in the microscopic observation, underneath, of the characteristic cords of Mycobacterium tuberculosis colonies grown in liquid media. An inverted optical microscope is required to observe and interpret MODS cultures. Unfortunately, the cost of commercial inverted microscopes is not affordable in low resource settings in developing countries.MethodologyTo perform a diagnosis of tuberculosis using the MODS assay, images with modest quality are enough for proper interpretation. Therefore, the use of a high cost commercial inverted optical microscope is not indispensable. In this study, we designed a prototype of an optical inverted microscope created with a 3D printer and based on a smartphone. The system was evaluated by comparison of manual interpretations of 226 TB positive MODS culture images and 207 negative MODS culture images.SignificanceThe prototype resulted in a low-cost inverted optical microscope, with simple functioning, and whose parts have been manufactured using 3D printing techniques. The quality of the images was good enough and achieved a 100% concordance between the manual inspection with the developed microscope, and the standard diagnostics of MODS.
Reviewing and conceptualizing supplier development
Authors: Yawar Sadaat Ali , Seuring Stefan 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe literature on supplier development (SD) is mostly fragmented, and very little research offers insights on the interrelations of the critical elements of SD. This research aims to evaluate the significance of SD and reconceptualise it by identifying and linking the key constructs and items of SD.Design/methodology/approachA structured literature review of SD literature was performed, and it was followed by conducting a contingency analysis of defined constructs and the items of SD. Applying a literature review and contingency analysis allows assessing the degree to which core constructs and their operational items are addressed in the SD literature.FindingsOur findings show that a high degree of interrelations exists among enablers, relationships and supplier development strategies (SDS), of which, only indirect SDS drives the performance outcomes. However, interrelations between the individual items of the main categories of SD remain unexplored.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed revised framework reveals significant research gaps in SD and calls for a thorough examination of the topic.Originality/valueThe key contribution of the paper is reconceptualising SD and contributing to the theoretical development of SD.
Pyramid Globe Management Institute: working under a paternalistic leader
Authors: Singh Sanjay 
Published: July 2020

Learning outcomes
The present case study would help readers to understand paternalistic leadership behavior with its underlying theory. Readers would be able to appreciate the nature of experiences employees may have while working with a paternalistic leader high on authoritarianism. This case study would motivate readers to work out appropriate strategies for working under paternalistic bosses. The teaching note sensitizes readers about the complicated relationship between paternalistic leadership and culture.

Case overview/synopsis
Pyramid Globe Management Institute (PGMI) is struggling to generate revenue. PGMI founder, Tugmanshu Lakhani, has to find out new sources of revenue to keep the institute functioning. He constitutes a team of three professors for starting a new academic program with a foreign university. The initial success of the team brings favor from the founder but jealousy from the colleagues reeling under job threat. High authoritarianism and interference of the founder create a problematic situation for the three professors. When the new program starts showing promising results, the founder gets apprehensive about whether the new course may hurt the enrolment in the flagship program of the institute. The authoritarian and erratic behavior of the founder had a demotivating effect on the team working for the new program. Some team members resign under pressure while three professors stay to ensure the launch of the program. The professors have to resolve the conflict between their commitment toward PGMI in a troubled time and a career uncertainty if they continue working for it. Anticipating no change in the behavior of the founder and an uncertain future with PGMI, three professors quit after the start of the new program. The founder may continue losing committed employees if he is unable to balance his authoritarianism with benevolence and moral behavior. It will create more problems for PGMI in the future.

Complexity academic level
This case can be used in organizational behavior, leadership and team-building courses in the regular Master of Business Administration (MBA) programs. The case can further be used in the executive development program, especially for analyzing the leadership problem in higher education organizations.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 7: Management science.
Kevin’s Kitchen and Sports Bar
Authors: Hofmeyr Andy 
Published: July 2020

Learning outcomes
This case study provides students with the challenge of advising a small restaurant reeling under the impact of the Covid-19 crisis in South Africa. In the process, they must use their analytical skills combined with tools derived from value-based management theory to develop a revised business strategy for the owner.

Case overview / synopsis
Agility in any business in modern times is essential to survival – and this is particularly so for small, entrepreneurial enterprises that lack the history and resources to survive dramatic changes in the operating environment. A small restaurant in the coastal holiday village of Port Alfred, South Africa is managing to deliver a reasonable return for its owner, a former corporate financier from Johannesburg. The Covid-19 crisis requires a fundamental rethink of business strategy to ensure a future for the business.

Complexity academic level
This case study is ideal for a module in entrepreneurship for delegates in a diploma, undergraduate or postgraduate degree.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS: 3 Entrepreneurship.
Impact of open innovation on organizational performance in different conflict management styles: based on resource dependence theory
Authors: Wang Ting , Wu Jianlin , Gu Jibao , Hu Lingyu 
Published: July 2020

PurposeFirms often encounter complicated external relationships and conflicts in inbound and outbound open innovation (OI). Conflict management significantly affects innovation results. Guided by resource dependence theory (RDT), this study aims to examine the moderating effects of conflict management styles in the relationship between OI and organizational performance (OP).Design/methodology/approachThis study focuses on manufacturing and service firms in China, with the respondents composed of senior managers. Using hierarchical regression analysis, data from 270 firm samples are used to empirically test the hypotheses.FindingsInbound and outbound OI openness positively affects OP. Cooperative conflict management positively moderates the relationship between inbound OI openness and OP, whereas it negatively moderates the impact of outbound OI openness on OP. By contrast, competitive conflict management positively moderates the relationship between outbound OI openness on OP.Research limitations/implicationsGuided by RDT, this study explores the relationship between OI and OP and the moderating role of conflict management styles. However, it does not measure the level of resource dependence, which is among the future research directions for further validating the results of this study.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to investigate the impact of OI on OP in different conflict management styles. Findings suggest that choosing a suitable conflict management style may strengthen the positive effects of OI on OP.
The size of the informal economy in Nigeria: a structural equation approach
Authors: Dell'Anno Roberto , Adu Omobola 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper contributes to the literature concerning the Nigerian informal economy (IE) by estimating its size from 1991 to 2017 and identifying the major causes.Design/methodology/approachA structural equation approach in the form of the multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) method is used to estimate the size of the Nigerian IE.FindingsThe results indicate that vulnerable employment and urban population as a percentage of the total population are the main drivers of the IE in Nigeria. The IE in Nigeria ranges from 38.83% to 57.55% of gross domestic product (GDP).Research limitations/implicationsAs a result of the empirical challenges in the estimation of the IE, the estimates of Nigeria's IE are considered to be rough estimates.Originality/valueThe authors calibrated the MIMIC model with the official estimate of the informal sector published by the Nigerian National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). This was an attempt to combine the national accounting approach, to estimate the size of IE, with the MIMIC approach, and to estimate the trend of informality.
Probabilistic fatigue model for cast alloys of aero engine applications
Authors: Narayanan Govindarajan 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to address the complexity involved in computing the fatigue life of casted structure with porosity effects in aero engine applications. The uncertainty of porosity defects is addressed by introducing probabilistic models.Design/methodology/approachOne major issue of casted aluminium alloys in the application of aerospace industries is their internal defects such as porosities, which are directly affecting the fatigue life. Since there is huge cost and time effort involved in understanding the effect of fatigue life in terms of the presence of the internal defects, a probabilistic fatigue model approach is applied in order to define the realistic fatigue limit of the casted structures for the known porosity fractions. This paper describes the probabilistic technique to casted structures with measured porosity fractions and its relation to their fatigue life. The predicted fatigue life for various porosity fractions and dendrite arm spacing values is very well matching with the experimentally predicted fatigue data of the casted AS7G06 aluminium alloys with measured internal defects. The probabilistic analysis approach not only predicts the fatigue life limit of the structure but also provides the limit of fatigue life for the known porosity values of any casted aluminium bearing support structure used in aero engines.FindingsThe probabilistic fatigue model for addressing porosity in casting structure is verified with experimental results.Research limitations/implicationsThis is grey area in aerospace and automotive industry.Originality/valueThis work is original and not published anywhere else.
An empirical study of the dynamic relationships between the core and supporting brand equity dimensions in higher education
Authors: Girard Tulay , Pinar Musa 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study aims to use a holistic approach to empirically examine the direct and indirect relationships of both core and supporting consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) dimensions from students’ perspectives and the underlying impact they have on building a robust university brand equity. It also tests whether student perceptions of the importance of the brand equity constructs significantly differ based on demographics.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts the core and supporting university brand equity dimensions that have been tested for reliability and validity in prior research. Data were collected at a major university in the USA. The study used judgment sampling to carefully select a targeted sample of various colleges and class levels. A total of 439 useable surveys were collected.FindingsThe results of partial least squares–structural equation modeling reveal significant relationships between both core and supporting brand equity dimensions. The core brand equity dimensions include brand awareness, perceived quality, brand association, brand trust, learning environment, emotional environment, university reputation and brand loyalty. The supporting brand equity dimensions include library services, dining services, residence hall and physical facilities. Significant direct and/or indirect relationships were found between the core and supporting CBBE dimensions. The demographic variables of gender, semester standing and living arrangement also influence the importance of some of the core and supporting dimensions.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that females, freshman and students living on-campus require specific attention in higher education. For a better representation and understanding of the university student population, we recommend that future studies use probability sampling and multiple universities for cross-validation.Originality/valueUsing the brand ecosystem framework, this is the first comprehensive study testing the relationships between both core and supporting CBBE dimensions in higher education. The study offers valuable insights to university stakeholders for building a strong university brand. It also confirms that the measures of the CBBE brand equity dimensions are valid and are applicable to other higher education institutions.
A survey of study skills of first-year university students: the relationships of strategy to gender, ethnicity and course type
Authors: Williams Adrienne E. , Denaro Kameryn , Dennin Michael B. , Sato Brian K. 
Published: July 2020

PurposeNot all students who did well in high school are successful in college, particularly in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) majors with the most affected student groups including women, first-generation or historically disadvantaged students. Certain study skills may be associated with greater success in college, yet these skills may be less regularly used by those underrepresented groups.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reports the results of a survey given to several hundred newly-matriculated students before they began their first courses at a selective, public research university in the United States. Students in nine courses responded to the survey, with 1815 total respondents. Logistic regression and linear mixed effects models were used to analyze the data.FindingsWe found three skills were associated with course grade when adjusting for incoming GPA, SAT math and reading and GPA of other courses. Self-testing and rereading were both associated with increased grades, and flashcard use was associated with decreased grades. Of particular significance, underrepresented minority (URM) students were less likely to reread than majority students, and flashcard use was more common in women and URM students.Research limitations/implicationsIt is possible study skills changed over the course of the term because participants were surveyed at the beginning of their courses. Our future work will expand the courses surveyed and include a post-course survey.Originality/valueInformation that some student groups use less effective study skills will allow instructors and student support services to provide more targeted and useful study strategy advice.
Digital transformation: setting the pace
Authors: Margiono Ari 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to identify the paths of digital transformation followed by companies facing disruption and offer recommendations for executives for choosing the appropriate path.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a conceptual paper.

Findings
This paper identifies two paths of digital transformation. The offensive path is aggressive and involves the rapid acquisition of digital resources through portfolio investment and merger and acquisition tactics. The defensive path is relatively slow and relies on the organic growth of the digital capabilities of the incumbent companies over time.

Research limitations/implications
This paper identifies a number of potential factors affecting the choice of the transformation path taken by companies. Further studies can be conducted to investigate these contingent factors.

Practical implications
This study describes the strategic paths available in a digital transformation and identifies the conditions that might justify a particular approach.

Originality/value
This paper identifies two types of paths that are generally followed by companies aiming digital transformation – offensive and defensive. This aspect has not been studied in any other research work.
Confluence between library and information science and digital humanities in Spain. Methodologies, standards and collections
Authors: Alvite-Díez María-Luisa , Barrionuevo Leticia 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the relevance of heritage collections and the convergence of methodologies and standards traditionally linked to Library and Information Science (LIS) in the development of digital humanities (DH) research in Spain.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on a systematic review of scientific publications that are representative of DH in Spain and were published between 2013 and 2018. The analysis considered doctoral theses, journal articles and conference papers.FindingsThe results highlight the synergies between documentary heritage, LIS and DH. However, it appears that there is a scarcity of scientific literature to support the confluence of LIS and DH and a limited formal connection between heritage institutions and the areas of academia that reuse and enrich these source collections.Research limitations/implicationsThe review of representative scholarly DH publications was mainly based on the metadata that describe the content of articles, thesis and conference papers. This work relies on the thematic indexing (descriptors and keywords) of the analysed documents but their level of quality and consistency is very diverse.Originality/valueThe topic of the study has not been explored before and this work could contribute to the international debate on the interrelation and complementarity between LIS and DH. In addition, this paper shows the contribution that standards and documentary methodologies make to projects in which technology is applied to humanities disciplines. The authors propose that there is an urgent need to strengthen the “scientific relationships” between heritage institutions, as well as enhancing links between the academic field of DH and LIS in order to improve teaching and research strategies in conjunction.
Individuation through infrastructure: Get Full Text Research, data extraction and the academic publishing oligopoly
Authors: Moore Samuel A. 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis article explores the recent turn within academic publishing towards ‘seamless access’, an approach to content provision that ensures users do not have to continually authenticate in order to access journal content.Design/methodology/approachThrough a critical exploration of Get Full Text Research, a service developed collaboratively by five of the world's largest academic publishers to provide such seamless access to academic research, the article shows how publishers are seeking to control the ways in which readers access publications in order to trace, control and ultimately monetise user interactions on their platforms.FindingsTheorised as a process of individuation through infrastructure, the article reveals how publishers are attempting an ontological shift to position the individual, quantifiable researcher, rather than the published content, at the centre of the scholarly communication universe.Originality/valueThe implications of the shift towards individuation are revealed as part of a broader trend in scholarly communication infrastructure towards data extraction, mirroring a trend within digital capitalism more generally.