bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Rationality of MiraclesCan a Scientist Believe in Miracles? A MIT Professor Answers Questions on God and Science, IanHutchinson, IVP, 2018 (ISBN 978‐0‐8308‐4547‐7), viii + 288 pp., pb $20Medjugorje and the Supernatural: Science, Mysticism, and Extraordinary Religious Experience, Daniel MariaKlimek, Oxford University Press, 2018 (ISBN 978‐0‐19‐067920‐0), xiv + 378 pp., hb £64
Authors: Giostra Alessandro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe term ‘miracle’ comes from the Latin ‘miror’, that is ‘to be amazed at’. So a miracle indicates something going much beyond the ordinary course of nature and violating natural laws. The idea of miracles as rational events emerges from the contents of those books. Although the authors delve into that intriguing subject from different perspectives, they ground their views upon a common epistemological approach including historical witnesses, Christian revelation, and the limits of the scientific discourse. Miracles form part of the ongoing discussion on the science–faith relationship, and opinions about mystical experiences cannot exclude an exact definition of science and faith. Our society is dominated by science and technology, and the widely held negative perception of miracles is deeply influenced by a naturalistic mentality. A clear‐cut distinction between the rationality of natural research and the uncertainty of religion proves unsuccessful to account for events which science cannot explain.
A Fine‐Tuned Universe, or These Scientists Sound Like TheologiansA Fortunate Universe: Life in a Finely Tuned Cosmos, Geraint F.Lewis and Luke A.Barnes, James Clarke & Co., 2017 (ISBN 978‐1‐107‐15661‐6), xviii + 374 pp., hb £18.99A Hospitable Universe: Addressing Ethical and Spiritual Concerns in Light of Recent Scientific Discoveries, RodolfoGambini with JorgePullin, Imprint, 2018 (ISBN 978‐1‐845‐40964‐7), 308 pp., pb £19.99Understanding Scientific Theories of Origins: Cosmology, Geology, and Biology in Christian Perspective, Robert C.Bishop, Larry L.Funck, Raymond J.Lewis, Stephen O.Moshier, and John H.Walton (eds), IVP, 2018 (ISBN 978‐0‐8308‐5291‐8), xxiv + 664 pp., hb $75
Authors: Tripp Jeffrey M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCertain physical constants, like the mass of an electron or the gravitational constant, are not determined by physical theory. Rather, physicists must determine them empirically. However, in case after case, physicists have also found that these constants fit within a narrow range of possible values that allow life to exist in our universe. Tweak them even slightly, and the universe becomes incapable of forming planets, molecules, or even atoms, much less complex lifeforms. It would seem the universe is fine‐tuned to permit life. Three sets of authors with scientific backgrounds attempt to understand the theistic implications of fine tuning. While their goals and approaches differ, their discussions highlight the potential fine tuning has to foster dialogue between science and theology.
Crime Against Women in India: Unveiling Spatial Patterns and Temporal Trends of Dowry Deaths in the Districts of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Vicente G. , Goicoa T. , Fernandez-Rasines P. , Ugarte M. D. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryCrimes against women in India have been continuously increasing lately as reported by the National Crime Records Bureau. Gender-based violence has become a serious issue to such an extent that it has been catalogued as a high impact health problem by the World Health Organization. However, there is a lack of spatiotemporal analyses to reveal a complete picture of the geographical and temporal patterns of crimes against women. We focus on analysing how the geographical pattern of ‘dowry deaths’ changes over time in the districts of Uttar Pradesh during the period 2001–2014. The study of the geographical distribution of dowry death incidence and its evolution over time aims to identify specific regions that exhibit high risks and to hypothesize on potential risk factors. We also look into different spatial priors and their effects on final risk estimates. Various priors for the hyperparameters are also reviewed. The risk estimates seem to be robust in terms of the spatial prior and hyperprior choices and final results highlight several districts with extreme risks of dowry death incidence. Statistically significant associations are also found between dowry deaths, sex ratio and some forms of overall crime.
‘I had to stifle my feelings’ – Bilingual health professionals translating for family members in a healthcare setting. A qualitative study
Authors: Nielsen Dorthe Susanne , Abdulkadir Leila Saud , Lynnerup Camilla , Sodemann Morten 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundAs an alternative to a professional interpreter, children or relatives often act as so‐called ‘language brokers’ in the healthcare sector. Litterature have demonstrated that the cultural context is significant for the potential outcome for child language brokers. For individuals from a collectivistic family pattern, it becomes natural and is often regarded as respectful, to assist older relatives day and night.AimVery little is known about young people providing informal translation services in a Scandinavian context. We therefore aimed to capture the lived experiences of bilingual health professionals, students and postgraduates who have experienced interpreting for family members in a healthcare setting. By interviewing bilingual health professionals, we aimed to obtain two perspectives, the translators and the professionals, in one interview.ResultsAnalysing the conditions, meanings and reasoning, it became possible for us to understand the young translators’ situations and how their life conditions affected their reasons for action in certain ways and in certain conditions. The analysis revealed four main themes: (i) the importance of social relations and cultural conditions; (ii) the hidden burden of consequences for participants’ health conditions due to the focus on health‐related consequences and emotionally difficult situations experienced by the participants; (iii) participants experienced limitations in language skills as a challenge; and (iv) being ‘in between’ in the encounter with the professional system.ConclusionWhen family members interpret for the family, the family interpreter is at risk of being excluded by the family or being exposed to and involved in highly sensitive dilemmas that may forever impair normal family relations: health professionals should be aware of this and take professional responsibility.
To stay in touch – intensive care patients’ interactions with nurses during mobilisation
Authors: Bunzel Anne‐Marie Gellert , Weber‐Hansen Naja , Schantz Laursen Birgitte 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundMinimal sedation has made it possible to communicate and cooperate with intensive care patients and mobilisation can start earlier during their stay in the intensive care unit.PurposeTo investigate the intensive care patient’s reaction and interaction to mobilisation.MethodThis study used focused ethnography combining observations, interviews and four scores for evaluating awareness, and pain levels were included: Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale Confusion Assessment Method For The Intensive Care Unit, Numeric Rating Scale and Critical Pain Observation Tool. Twelve patients were observed during mobilisation, with subsequent interviews of the involved nurses.FindingsNurses run the risk of overlooking the patient’s reactions, such as pain, discomfort or needs during mobilisation.Nurses use several different ways of communicating to create contact with the patients.Patients with an impaired awareness level become more aware during mobilisation.ConclusionsIf the nurse’s attention is focused on the technical side of caregiving, there is a risk that she might overlook the patient’s reactions and needs. If the nurse is aware of the risk of overlooking the patient’s reactions, she may plan the mobilisation to ensure that the patient gets the necessary attention and is included in the process. In that way, the patient might avoid unnecessary discomfort and maintain trust and confidence in the nurse.
The effect of care burden on formal caregiver’s quality of work life: a mixed‐methods study
Authors: Kalanlar Bilge , Kuru Alici Nilgün 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundThe health of caregivers is as important as that of the elderly they care for. Although several studies have stressed the necessity and importance of reducing the care burden on formal caregivers and increasing the quality of their working lives, this issue has not been addressed both qualitatively and quantitatively from the caregivers’ perspective.AimThis study is a comprehensive assessment of the effects of formal caregivers’ care burden on the quality of their working lives.MethodA convergent design of mixed methods was used. This study was conducted with 110 formal caregivers at an Elderly Care and Rehabilitation Center between 1 and 31 January 2019. Additional semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 10 of the respondents. Descriptive statistics were used for quantitative analysis and thematic statistics for qualitative analysis. The quantitative and qualitative data were merged and integrated for a mixed‐method analysis.ResultsThe relationship between the quality of working life and care burden was statistically significant for the formal caregivers. The results of the interviews supported this relationship. Four themes emerged from the interviews: the effects of caregiving on care staff, the effects of caregiving on caregivers’ daily lives, the requirements for providing better care and caregivers’ description of caregiving in a few words.ConclusionGiven that the care burden of formal caregivers affects the quality of their working lives, this burden should be assessed on a regular basis and efforts needed to be made to reduce it and improve the quality of their working lives.
Self‐concept as a mechanism through which parental psychological control impairs empathy development from adolescence to emerging adulthood
Authors: Choe So Young , Lee Jungeun Olivia , Read Stephen J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe examined the relationship among perceived parental psychological control (PPC), self‐concept, and empathy, from adolescence to emerging adulthood. Child Development Project longitudinal data analyses indicate that, when adolescents notice PPC at age 13, they have poor self‐concept (less competence) at age 16, and they show less empathic concern (EC) toward others at age 24. The indirect effects of self‐concept at age 16 are significant for EC, but not for perspective taking (PT). Moreover, perceived PPC at age 13 does not directly predict their EC at age 24, but it does their PT at age 24, and these results were found regardless of the gender of the parents and adolescents. Our results shed light on poor self‐concept in adolescence as a mechanism by which PPC impairs healthy emotional development from adolescence to emerging adulthood.
Critical evaluation of the appetite test for children with severe acute malnutrition
Authors: Zangenberg Mike , Abdissa Alemseged , Johansen Øystein H. , Tesfaw Getnet , Friis Henrik , Briend André , Eshetu Beza , Kurtzhals Jørgen A. L. , Girma Tsinuel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe appetite test is used to risk stratify for children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in inpatient or outpatient care. The test is recommended in guidelines despite lack of evidence. We evaluated its ability to identify children at risk of a poor treatment outcome.MethodsWe conducted an observational study of children diagnosed with SAM at three health facilities in Ethiopia. The appetite test was done independently, and the result did not affect decisions about hospitalisation and clinical care. Data were analysed using mixed linear and logistic regression models.ResultsAppetite was tested in 298 (89%) of 334 children enrolled; 56 (19%) passed. Children failing the appetite test had a 6.6% higher weight gain per day (95% CI: 2.6, 10.8) adjusted for type of treatment, oedema, duration of follow‐up and age than children passing the test. We found medical complications in 179 (54%) children. Medical complications were associated with blood markers of metabolic disturbance. Children with medical complications tended to have lower weight gain than those without complications (3.5%, 95% CI: −0.25, 7.0). Neither the appetite test nor medical complications were correlated with bacteraemia or treatment failure.ConclusionsOur findings question the use of the appetite test to identify children who need inpatient care. An assessment of medical complications alone could be a useful risk indicator but needs to be evaluated in other settings.
Genome‐wide association study of agronomic and quality traits in a world collection of the wild wheat relative Triticum urartu
Authors: Talini Rebecca F. , Brandolini Andrea , Miculan Mara , Brunazzi Alice , Vaccino Patrizia , Pè Mario Enrico , Dell'Acqua Matteo 
Published: December 2019

SummaryTriticum urartu (2n = 2x = 14, subgenome AuAu), a wild diploid wheat progenitor, features broad allelic diversity for a number of traits of agronomic relevance. A thorough characterization of the diversity of T. urartu natural accessions may provide wheat breeders with new alleles potentially contributing to wheat improvement. In this study, we performed an extensive genotypic and phenotypic characterization of a world collection of 299 T. urartu ex situ accessions, developing 441 327 single nucleotide polymorphisms and recording trait values for agronomic and quality traits. The collection was highly diverse, with broad variation in phenology and plant architecture traits. Seed features were also varied, and analyses of flour quality reported 18 distinct patterns of glutenins, and carotenoid concentrations and sedimentation volumes in some cases surpassing those of cultivated materials. The genome‐wide molecular markers developed on the collection were used to conduct a genome‐wide association study reporting 25 highly significant quantitative trait nucleotides for the traits under examination, only partially overlapping loci already reported in wheat. Our data show that T. urartu may be considered a valuable allele pool to support the improvement of wheat agronomy and quality.
CT is helpful for the detection and presurgical planning of lung perforation in dogs with spontaneous pneumothorax induced by grass awn migration: 22 cases
Authors: Baudin Tréhiou Clément , Gibert Sophie , Sériot Paul , Dunié‐Mérigot Antoine , Blond Laurent 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSpontaneous pneumothorax induced by grass awns accounts for 5% of spontaneous pneumothorax and 22.5% of thoracic grass awn cases. Previous studies report limited interest of CT for spontaneous pneumothorax. Aims of this retrospective case series were to describe CT features of this condition and determine if CT features can efficiently localize the perforation site. Dogs that had a spontaneous pneumothorax, CT examination, thoracic surgery, and confirmed lung perforation due to a grass awn were included. Computed tomography studies were reviewed and compared to the surgical findings. In 19 of 22 (86.4%) dogs, the pneumothorax or its recurrence were ipsilateral to the perforation site. The perforation site was identified in 21 of 22 (95.5%) dogs and involved the caudal lobes in 20 of 22 (90.9%) cases. The lateralization and the involved lung lobe corresponded to surgical findings in 21 of 22(95.5%) dogs. The perforation site was characterized as a soft tissue attenuating focus lying against an extensive pleural thickening in 21 of 22(95.5%) dogs. An adjacent defect in the visceral pleura was seen in 13 of 22(59.1%) dogs. A grass awn was seen in 11 of 22(50%) dogs. The pneumothorax distribution and grass awn position consistently indicated the perforation side in this sample of dogs. The comparison with surgical findings suggests CT might be helpful for future presurgical planning of this etiology for pneumothorax.
Alterations in mitochondrial functions and morphology in muscle and non‐muscle tissues in type 1 diabetes: implications for metabolic health
Authors: Monaco Cynthia M.F. , Perry Christopher G.R. , Hawke Thomas J. 
Published: December 2019

New Finding
What is the topic of this review?
Evidence of impaired mitochondrial functions and/or morphology in people with type 1 diabetes across various organ systems.

What advances does it highlight?
Impairments to mitochondrial functions and morphology may be a primary mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of various complications in people with type 1 diabetes.

AbstractWe recently made the observation that there are significant alterations to the ultrastructure and functions of mitochondria in skeletal muscle of people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). These alterations are proposed to lead to decreased energy production in skeletal muscle during exercise and thus may contribute to the impaired aerobic exercise capacity reported in some people with T1D. This Symposium Review summarizes the evidence that similar alterations also occur in the mitochondria present in organ systems outside skeletal muscle in people with T1D, and that this may contribute to the development and progression of the known complications of T1D, which eventually lead to the reported premature mortality.
Guiding and Trapping Cracks With Compliant Inclusions for Enhancing Toughness of Brittle Composite Materials
Authors: Brodnik Neal R. , Hsueh Chun-Jen , Faber Katherine T. , Bourdin Blaise , Ravichandran Guruswami , Bhattacharya Kaushik 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The problem of toughening heterogeneous materials with a stiff matrix and compliant inclusions is investigated through numerical simulations and experiments. Specifically, the problem of optimizing a combination of effective toughness and effective elastic modulus in the context of a square array of compliant inclusions in a stiff matrix is explored. Crack propagation in the heterogeneous material is simulated using a variational phase-field approach. It is found that the crack can meander between or get attracted to and trapped in the inclusions. Composite specimens with a stiff matrix and compliant circular inclusions were 3D printed, and their fracture toughness was measured using a specially designed loading fixture. The experimental results show agreement with the numerical predictions by demonstrating the attraction and trapping of cracks in the inclusions. This study demonstrates the potential for significant enhancement of toughness through elastic compliance contrast between the matrix and the inclusion without notably compromising the effective elastic modulus of the composite material.
Organizing Tagged Knowledge: Similarity Measures and Semantic Fluency in Structure Mining
Authors: Sexton Thurston , Fuge Mark 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecovering a system’s underlying structure from its historical records (also called structure mining) is essential to making valid inferences about that system’s behavior. For example, making reliable predictions about system failures based on maintenance work order data requires determining how concepts described within the work order are related. Obtaining such structural information is challenging, requiring system understanding, synthesis, and representation design. This is often either too difficult or too time consuming to produce. Consequently, a common approach to quickly elicit tacit structural knowledge from experts is to gather uncontrolled keywords as record labels—i.e., “tags.” One can then map those tags to concepts within the structure and quantitatively infer relationships between them. Existing models of tag similarity tend to either depend on correlation strength (e.g., overall co-occurrence frequencies) or on conditional strength (e.g., tag sequence probabilities). A key difficulty in applying either model is understanding under what conditions one is better than the other for overall structure recovery. In this paper, we investigate the core assumptions and implications of these two classes of similarity measures on structure recovery tasks. Then, using lessons from this characterization, we borrow from recent psychology literature on semantic fluency tasks to construct a tag similarity measure that emulates how humans recall tags from memory. We show through empirical testing that this method combines strengths of both common modeling paradigms. We also demonstrate its potential as a preprocessor for structure mining tasks via a case study in semi-supervised learning on real excavator maintenance work orders.
Computer Simulation of Mixed Convection of Alumina-Deionized Water Nanofluid Over Four In-Line Electronic Chips Embedded in One Wall of a Vertical Rectangular Channel
Authors: Ramu Nalla , Ghoshdastidar P. S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper presents a computational study of mixed convection cooling of four in-line electronic chips by alumina-deionized (DI) water nanofluid. The chips are flush-mounted in the substrate of one wall of a vertical rectangular channel. The working fluid enters from the bottom with uniform velocity and temperature and exits from the top after becoming fully developed. The nanofluid properties are obtained from the past experimental studies. The nanofluid performance is estimated by computing the enhancement factor which is the ratio of chips averaged heat transfer coefficient in nanofluid to that in base fluid. An exhaustive parametric study is performed to evaluate the dependence of nanoparticle volume fraction, diameter of Al2O3 nanoparticles in the range of 13–87.5 nm, Reynolds number, inlet velocity, chip heat flux, and mass flowrate on enhancement in heat transfer coefficient. It is found that nanofluids with smaller particle diameters have higher enhancement factors. It is also observed that enhancement factors are higher when the nanofluid Reynolds number is kept equal to that of the base fluid as compared with the cases of equal inlet velocities and equal mass flowrates. The linear variation in mean pressure along the channel is observed and is higher for smaller nanoparticle diameters.