bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
People analytics effectiveness: developing a framework
Authors: Peeters Tina , Paauwe Jaap , Van De Voorde Karina 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the key ingredients that people analytics teams require to contribute to organizational performance. As the information that is currently available is fragmented, it is difficult for organizations to understand what it takes to execute people analytics successfully.Design/methodology/approachTo identify the key ingredients, a narrative literature review was conducted using both traditional people analytics and broader business intelligence literature. The findings were summarized in the People Analytics Effectiveness Wheel.FindingsThe People Analytics Effectiveness Wheel identifies four categories of ingredients that a people analytics team requires to be effective. These are enabling resources, products, stakeholder management and governance structure. Under each category, multiple sub-themes are discussed, such as data and infrastructure; senior management support; and knowledge, skills, abilities and other characteristics (KSAOs) (enablers).Practical implicationsMany organizations are still trying to set up their people analytics teams, and many others are struggling to improve decision-making by using people analytics. For these companies, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current literature and describes what it takes to contribute to organizational performance using people analytics.Originality/valueThis paper is designed to provide organizations and researchers with a comprehensive understanding of what it takes to execute people analytics successfully. By using the People Analytics Effectiveness Wheel as a guideline, scholars are now better equipped to research the processes that are required for the ingredients to be truly effective.
Property futures—the art and science of strategic foresight
Authors: Ratcliffe John 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe study aims to discuss the role of strategic foresight in determining and mapping possible property futures. In particular, the briefing will explore the importance of determining alternative futures and creating scenarios to help determine a flexible and adaptable strategy.Design/methodology/approachThis education briefing is an overview of property futures and strategic foresight.FindingsThis is an education briefing of existing knowledge.Practical implicationsStrategic foresight provides a framework and structure by identifying a focal point that looks at alternative futures and a preferred future that feed into the implementation of a strategic plan.Originality/valueThis is a review of existing models.
A relational approach to walking: Methodology, metalanguage, and power relations
Authors: Stratford Elaine , Waitt Gordon , Harada Theresa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo better understand walking practices and the power relations informing them, Mattias Kärrholm and colleagues argue for a relational methodology and metalanguage. In the process, they propose a threefold approach: (a) identify different walking assemblages; (b) investigate how diverse types of walking assemblage relate in series; and (c) study how certain objects can gather or bind series together and act as boundary objects. In this article, we explore the worth of that approach, drawing on research interviews held over 2015–16 with residents from Wollongong, Australia, during a period when their municipal government was implementing a walkable city strategy. Here, we analyse participants' conversations with us for what they reveal about walking types, walking assemblages, interseriality, objects of passage, and boundary objects—five terms used by Kärrholm et al. to interrogate urban walking. Our work suggests that participants are adept at gauging the constant transformations that characterise their walks. This narrative evaluative capacity is, perhaps paradoxically, both compelling and mundane and suggests that participants make sense of a range of meanings from complex social and spatial dynamics and do so in ways that highlight privilege and disadvantage in the city. These findings have wider relevance for those interested in walking and mobilities studies and methodologies.
Leader humility, team job crafting and team creativity: The moderating role of leader–leader exchange
Authors: Chen Chao , Feng Jie , Liu Xinmei , Yao Jin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite an increasing number of studies on leader humility, the relationship between leader humility and team creativity needs further exploration. Using the connectionist network model, we propose that leader–leader exchange (LLX), the upward exchange relationship of a team's direct supervisor, moderates the effect of leader humility on team job crafting, and this in turn affects team creativity. We test our hypotheses using a sample of 286 employees in 59 teams with a multiple‐source, time‐lagged research design. Our conclusions are as follows: (a) for team leaders with high LLX, leader humility is positively related to team job crafting, whereas for team leaders with low LLX, the relationship between leader humility and team job crafting is negative; (b) team job crafting is positively related to team creativity and (c) team job crafting mediates the effect of the interaction between leader humility and LLX on team creativity.
On a class of bivariate mixed Sarmanov distributions
Authors: Vernic Raluca 
Published: July 2020

SummaryMultivariate distributions are more and more used to model the dependence encountered in many fields. However, classical multivariate distributions can be restrictive by their nature, while Sarmanov's multivariate distribution, by joining different marginals in a flexible and tractable dependence structure, often provides a valuable alternative. In this paper, we introduce some bivariate mixed Sarmanov distributions with the purpose to extend the class of bivariate Sarmanov distributions and to obtain new dependency structures. Special attention is paid to the bivariate mixed Sarmanov distribution with Poisson marginals and, in particular, to the resulting bivariate Sarmanov distributions with negative binomial and with Poisson‐inverse Gaussian marginals; these particular types of mixed distributions have possible applications in, for example modelling bivariate count data. The extension to higher dimensions is also discussed. Moreover, concerning the dependency structure, we also present some correlation formulas.
Post‐harvest physiological deterioration in several cassava genotypes over sequential harvests and effect of pruning prior to harvest
Authors: Luna Jorge , Dufour Dominique , Tran Thierry , Pizarro Mónica , Calle Fernando , García Domínguez Moralba , Hurtado Iván M. , Sánchez Teresa , Ceballos Hernán 
Published: July 2020

SummaryConsumers, traders and processors consider post‐harvest physiological deterioration (PPD) an important constraint. In Experiment 1, PPD was assessed three consecutive years in roots from five genotypes through seven storage days. PPD, scopoletin and dry matter content (DMC) was recorded during storage. Year, genotype, duration of storage and their interactions were significant. PPD was associated with duration of storage period, DMC and scopoletin contents. Ambient moisture and temperature during storage influenced PPD. In Experiment 2, roots from seven clones were harvested 10 months after planting from 30 consecutive biweekly plantings. PPD was assessed 0, 2 and 7 days after harvest. In 13 harvests, roots from plants pruned six days earlier were also evaluated. Results indicated large seasonal variation across genotypes. Pruning reduced PPD and DMC. Complex and contrasting relationships among the variables analysed were found. There is no uniform model explaining the relationship between PPD and the independent variables considered.
East Asian origin of the widespread alpine snow‐bed herb, Primula cuneifolia (Primulaceae), in the northern Pacific region
Authors: Ikeda Hajime , Yakubov Valentin , Barkalov Vyacheslav , Sato Kazuhiro , Fujii Noriyuki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimThe evolutionary importance of southern mountain ranges has been noted for alpine as well as arctic–alpine plants. However, it remains unclear whether these isolated marginal populations of cold‐adapted species have contributed to the establishment of their current widespread distribution. We aim to explore the molecular evidence for the recent northward migration of alpine snow‐bed species in the northern Pacific region.LocationJapanese Archipelago, Kamchatka Peninsula, Alaska.TaxonPrimula cuneifolia Ledeb., the wedgeleaf primrose, distributed in high mountains across the northern Pacific region and its sister species, Primula nipponica Yatabe, which is endemic to northern Japan.MethodsThe phylogenetic relationships and genetic structure of P. cuneifolia and its sister species were estimated using multiple loci from genotyping by random amplicon sequencing‐direct (GRAS‐Di) analyses. The temporal framework of genetic divergence was estimated using the isolation‐with‐migration model. The post‐glacial range shift was inferred using approximate Bayesian computation and ecological niche modelling.ResultsPhylogenetic analyses revealed that P. cuneifolia diverged into four clades, among which the southernmost clade in Japan diverged earlier than the northern clades. The Japanese clade likely diverged during the last glacial period, followed by further post‐glacial divergence of clades in the Kamchatka Peninsula and Alaska.Main conclusionOur study demonstrated that P. cuneifolia originated in Japan and spread northward into the northern Pacific region during and after the last glacial period. This finding provides the first evidence suggesting that population persistence and genetic divergence as well as speciation in the less glaciated mountains in Japan play important roles in the diversity and distribution of alpine plants in the northern Pacific region.
Reflections on welfare and political economy aspects of a central bank digital currency
Authors: Cukierman Alex 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe point of departure of this short paper is that, in order to preserve the effectiveness of monetary policy in a world increasingly flooded by private digital currencies, central banks (CBs) will eventually have to issue their own digital currencies. The paper presents two proposals for the implementation of such a currency: A moderate proposal in which only the banking sector continues to have access to deposits at the CB and a radical one in which the entire private sector is allowed to hold digital currency deposits at the CB. The paper contrasts the implications of those two polar paths to a CBDC for the funding of banks, the allocation of credit to the economy, for welfare and for political feasibility. One section of the paper shows that the radical implementation may pave the way toward a narrow banking system and dramatically reduce the need for deposit insurance in the long run. The paper evaluates the relative merits of issuing a currency on a blockchain using a permissionless distributed ledger technology in comparison to a centralized (permissioned) blockchain ledger operated by the CB and concludes that the latter dominates the former in more than one dimension.
Type VI secretion systems of plant‐pathogenic Burkholderia glumae BGR1 play a functionally distinct role in interspecies interactions and virulence
Authors: Kim Namgyu , Kim Jin Ju , Kim Inyoung , Mannaa Mohamed , Park Jungwook , Kim Juyun , Lee Hyun‐Hee , Lee Sais‐Beul , Park Dong‐Soo , Sul Woo Jun , Seo Young‐Su 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the environment, bacteria show close association, such as interspecies interaction, with other bacteria as well as host organisms. The type VI secretion system (T6SS) in gram‐negative bacteria is involved in bacterial competition or virulence. The plant pathogen Burkholderia glumae BGR1, causing bacterial panicle blight in rice, has four T6SS gene clusters. The presence of at least one T6SS gene cluster in an organism indicates its distinct role, like in the bacterial and eukaryotic cell targeting system. In this study, deletion mutants targeting four tssD genes, which encode the main component of T6SS needle formation, were constructed to functionally dissect the four T6SSs in B. glumae BGR1. We found that both T6SS group_4 and group_5, belonging to the eukaryotic targeting system, act independently as bacterial virulence factors toward host plants. In contrast, T6SS group_1 is involved in bacterial competition by exerting antibacterial effects. The ΔtssD1 mutant lost the antibacterial effect of T6SS group_1. The ΔtssD1 mutant showed similar virulence as the wild‐type BGR1 in rice because the ΔtssD1 mutant, like the wild‐type BGR1, still has key virulence factors such as toxin production towards rice. However, metagenomic analysis showed different bacterial communities in rice infected with the ΔtssD1 mutant compared to wild‐type BGR1. In particular, the T6SS group_1 controls endophytic plant‐associated bacteria such as Luteibacter and Dyella in rice plants and may have an advantage in competing with endophytic plant‐associated bacteria for settlement inside rice plants in the environment. Thus, B. glumae BGR1 causes disease using T6SSs with functionally distinct roles.
Cluster analysis reveals patterns of age‐related change in anterior chamber depth for gender and ethnicity: clinical implications
Authors: Phu Jack , Tong Janelle , Zangerl Barbara , Le Janet Ly , Kalloniatis Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTo identify patterns of age‐, gender‐ and refractive‐ related changes in Scheimpflug‐based anterior chamber depth across the central 8 mm of chamber width, to derive normative models, potentially useful for angle closure disease diagnosis.MethodsThis was a retrospective, cross‐sectional study. Scheimpflug photography was used to obtain anterior chamber depth measurements at 57 points across the central 8 mm of the chamber width from one eye of each healthy subject (male Caucasians (n = 189), female Caucasians (n = 186), male Asians (n = 165) and female Asians (n = 181)). Sliding window and nonlinear regression analysis was used to identify the age‐related changes in chamber depth. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify test locations with statistically identical age‐related shifts, which were used to perform age‐correction for all subjects, resulting in normative distributions of chamber depth across the chamber width. The model was examined with and without the contribution of spherical equivalent refractive error.ResultsDistinct clusters, demonstrating statistically indistinguishable age‐related changes of chamber depth over time, were identified. These age‐related changes followed a nonlinear regression (fifth or sixth order polynomial). Females tended to have a greater rate of chamber depth shallowing. Incorporating refractive error into the model produced minimal changes to the fit relative to the ground truth. Comparisons with cut‐offs for angle closure from the literature showed that ageing alone was insufficient for identifying angle closure disease.ConclusionsAge‐, ethnicity‐ and gender‐related differences need to be acknowledged in order to utilise anterior chamber depth data for angle closure disease diagnosis correctly. Ageing alone does not adequately account for the angle closure disease process.
Nonaqueous fractionation and overexpression of fluorescent‐tagged enzymes reveals the subcellular sites of L‐theanine biosynthesis in tea
Authors: Fu Xiumin , Liao Yinyin , Cheng Sihua , Xu Xinlan , Grierson Don , Yang Ziyin 
Published: July 2020

Summaryl‐Theanine is a specialized metabolite in the tea (Camellia sinensis) plant which can constitute over 50% of the total amino acids. This makes an important contribution to tea functionality and quality, but the subcellular location and mechanism of biosynthesis of l‐theanine are unclear. Here, we identified five distinct genes potentially capable of synthesizing l‐theanine in tea. Using a nonaqueous fractionation method, we determined the subcellular distribution of l‐theanine in tea shoots and roots and used transient expression in Nicotiana or Arabidopsis to investigate in vivo functions of l‐theanine synthetase and also to determine the subcellular localization of fluorescent‐tagged proteins by confocal laser scanning microscopy. In tea root tissue, the cytosol was the main site of l‐theanine biosynthesis, and cytosol‐located CsTSI was the key l‐theanine synthase. In tea shoot tissue, l‐theanine biosynthesis occurred mainly in the cytosol and chloroplasts and CsGS1.1 and CsGS2 were most likely the key l‐theanine synthases. In addition, l‐theanine content and distribution were affected by light in leaf tissue. These results enhance our knowledge of biochemistry and molecular biology of the biosynthesis of functional tea compounds.
Viscosity solutions to a Cauchy problem of a phase‐field model for solid‐solid phase transitions
Authors: Zheng Junzhi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate a partial differential equation which models solid‐solid phase transitions. This model is for martensitic phase transitions driven by configurational force and its counterpart is for interface motion by mean curvature. Mathematically, this equation is a second‐order nonlinear degenerate parabolic equation. And in multidimensional case, its principal part cannot be written into divergence form . We prove the existence and uniqueness of viscosity solution to a Cauchy problem for this model.
Measuring ‘Need for Recovery’ as an indicator of staff well-being in the emergency department: a survey study
Authors: Graham Blair , Cottey Laura , Smith Jason E , Mills Mark , Latour Jos M 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundThe Need for Recovery (NFR) Scale is an 11-item questionnaire that assesses how work affects intershift recovery. Items are summated to form a score with a maximum value of 100. Previously reported scores range from 38 in nurses to 55 in miners. This study aimed to determine the NFR Score among ED staff and to identify whether the NFR Score was associated with characteristics potentially implicated with recovery from work.MethodsStaff in a single ED in the South West of England (annual attendances of 93 000) were asked to complete an electronic questionnaire incorporating the NFR Scale plus additional items relating to demographic, work-related and well-being characteristics, in their own time during January 2018. Descriptive statistics are presented, including median NFR Scores and associations with additional characteristics. Thematic analysis of free-text comments from an open-ended question was undertaken.ResultsOne hundred and sixty-eight responses were obtained (80.3% capture). Median NFR Score across all staff groups was 81.8 out of 100.0 (95% CI 72.7 to 81.8). Shift duration exceeding 12 hours, dissatisfaction with work–life balance and self-reported perceptions of burnout were associated with significantly elevated NFR Scores. Themes resulting from the open-ended question were ‘barriers to intershift recovery’ and ‘coping with work’.ConclusionThe NFR Scores in this study exceeded scores reported elsewhere and were associated with some demographic, occupational and well-being characteristics. The NFR Scale has utility to measure the need for intershift recovery among ED staff. A larger study is warranted to identify specific determinants of recovery and to provide recommendations.
Use of whole slide imaging (WSI) for distance teaching
Authors: Evans Andrew John , Depeiza Nadia , Allen Shara-Gaye , Fraser Kimone , Shirley Suzanne , Chetty Runjan 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundTime, travel and financial constraints have meant that traditional visiting teaching engagements are more difficult to accomplish. This has been exacerbated with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of digital pathology and whole slide imaging (WSI) as an educational tool for distance teaching is underutilised and not fully exploited. This paper highlights the utility and feedback on the use of WSI for distance education/teaching.Materials and methodsBuilding on an existing relationship with the University of the West Indies (UWI), pathologists at University Health Network, Toronto, provided distance education using WSI, a digitised slide image hosting repository and videoconferencing facilities to provide case-based teaching to 15 UWI pathology trainees. Feedback was obtained from residents via a questionnaire and from teachers via a discussion.ResultsThere was uniform support from teachers who felt that teaching was not hampered by the ‘virtual’ engagement. Comfort levels grew with each engagement and technical issues with sound diminished with the use of a portable speaker. The residents were very supportive and enthusiastic in embracing this mode of teaching. While technical glitches marred initial sessions, the process evened out especially when the slide hosting facility, teleconferencing and sound issues were changed.ConclusionsThere was unanimous endorsement that use of WSI was the future, especially for distance teaching. However, it was not meant to supplant the use of glass slides in their current routine, daily practice.
Chinese Stroke Association guidelines for clinical management of cerebrovascular disorders: executive summary and 2019 update on organizational stroke management
Authors: Lou Min , Ding Jing , Hu Bo , Zhang Yusheng , Li Hao , Tan ZeFeng , Wan Yan , Xu An-Ding 
Published: July 2020

AimStroke is characterised by high morbidity, mortality and disability, which seriously affects the health and safety of the people. Stroke has become a serious public health problem in China. Organisational stroke management can significantly reduce the mortality and disability rates of patients with stroke. We provide this evidence-based guideline to present current and comprehensive recommendations for organisational stroke management.MethodsA formal literature search of MEDLINE (1 January 1997 through 30 September 2019) was performed. Data were synthesised with the use of evidence tables. Writing group members met by teleconference to discuss data-derived recommendations. The Chinese Stroke Association’s Levels of Evidence grading algorithm was used to grade each recommendation.ResultsEvidence-based guidelines are presented for the organisational management of patients presenting with stroke. The focus of the guideline was subdivided into prehospital first aid system of stroke, rapid diagnosis and treatment of emergency in stroke centre, organisational management of stroke unit and stroke clinic, construction of regional collaborative network among stroke centres and evaluation and continuous improvement of stroke medical quality.ConclusionsThe guidelines offer an organisational stroke management model for patients with stroke which might help dramatically.