bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation of professional competences among master degree students of pedagogical universities in the process of practice-oriented learning
Authors:   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Chernysheva Elena I. , Dakhin Denis V. ,   Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Brekhova Alla V. ,   Voronezh State Pedagogical University
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the need to transform the system of practice-oriented education, to search for effective mechanisms for organizing the educational process aimed at forming the professional competencies of future teachers. The process of preparing master degree students of pedagogical universities for a professional activity must meet the requirements of modern society, the higher education system, the requirements of regulatory documents and professional standards. Materials and methods. The study involved 125 master degree students of the Voronezh State Pedagogical University majoring in “Pedagogical education”. Basic research methods include the analysis of teaching activities, the study and generalization of innovative teaching and management experience, a pedagogical experiment. Pearson’s chi-squared test (χ2) was used to establish statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups. Research results. Within the framework of the study, a practice-oriented model of formation of professional competencies in master degree students of pedagogical universities and the conditions for its effective functioning was developed and implemented. During the study, criteria and indicators of formation of professional competences among master degree students were determined: motivational (the level of educational and professional motivation), cognitive (professional knowledge, information-communication indicator) and activity-based ones (professional skills, organization, independence), levels of formation of professional competences. The experiment showed that the level of formation of professional competences among master degree students in the experimental group is higher than that of the control group (χ2 = 6.45; p<0.05). Conclusion. The research results can be used in the process of practice-oriented teaching and the organization of educational and on-the-job training of master degree students at pedagogical universities, aimed at forming professional competencies of future teachers. Keywords: activity-based approach, competency-based approach, practice-oriented learning, professional competencies, innovative technologies, practice-oriented learning model
Climate Change and Agriculture in the Northeast: Teamwork, Responses, and Results
Authors: Tobin Daniel , Lane Erin , Hoover Ron 
Published: November 2020

Not everyone may agree on the best adaptation practices all the time, but as opposed to rigid guidelines, a whole suite of options are being developed that will allow individuals to pick and choose what best works for them. But being proactive in ways that have both an economic and environmental outlook will determine agriculture’s success in responding to changes in climate. With collaboration and cooperation, the northeast can meet the challenge to maintain and improve production. The biggest risk is not climate change itself; it is being passive as these changes occur.
Current Activities and Future Priorities of the Northeast U.S. to Address Climate Impacts in Agriculture
Authors: Thorn Kaila , Radhakrishna Rama , Tobin Dan , Chatrchyan Allison , Chan Joana , Allred Shorna 
Published: November 2020

Findings from this study provide insight into the current activities and future priorities that land-grant university research and Extension personnel in the Northeast are conducting to address climate impacts in agriculture. The respondents of this study represented research faculty, Extension specialists, and Extension educators from the 16 land-grant universities in the Northeastern U.S.
Changes in patient experience associated with growth and collaboration in general practice: observational study using data from the UK GP Patient Survey
Authors: Forbes Lindsay JL , Forbes Hannah , Sutton Matt , Checkland Katherine , Peckham Stephen 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundFor the last few years, English general practices — which are, traditionally, small — have been encouraged to serve larger populations of registered patients by merging or collaborating with each other. Meanwhile, patient surveys have suggested that continuity of care and access to care are worsening.AimTo explore whether increasing the size of the practice population and working collaboratively are linked to changes in continuity of care or access to care.Design and settingThis observational study in English general practice used data on patient experience, practice size, and collaborative working. Data were drawn from the English GP Patient Survey, NHS Digital, and from a previous study.MethodThe main outcome measures were the proportions of patients at practice level reporting positive experiences of both access and relationship continuity of care in the GP Patient Survey. Changes in proportions between 2013 and 2018 among practices that had grown and those that had, roughly, stayed the same size were compared, as were patients’ experiences, categorised by whether or not practices were working in close collaborations in 2018.ResultsPractices that had grown in population size had a greater fall in continuity of care (by 6.6%, 95% confidence interval = 4.3% to 8.9%), than practices that had roughly stayed the same size, after controlling for other factors. Differences in falls in access to care were smaller (4.3% difference for being able to get through easily on the telephone; 1.5% for being able to get an appointment; 0.9% in satisfaction with opening hours), but were statistically significant. Practices collaborating closely with others had marginally worse continuity of care than those not working in collaboration, and no differences in access.ConclusionLarger general practice size in England may be associated with slightly poorer continuity of care and may not improve patient access. Close collaborative working did not have any demonstrable effect on patient experience.
Diagnosing colorectal cancer in primary care: cohort study in Sweden of qualitative faecal immunochemical tests, haemoglobin levels, and platelet counts
Authors: Högberg Cecilia , Gunnarsson Ulf , Jansson Stefan , Thulesius Hans , Cronberg Olof , Lilja Mikael 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) diagnostics are challenging in primary care and reliable diagnostic aids are desired. Qualitative faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) have been used for suspected CRC in Sweden since the mid-2000s, but evidence regarding their effectiveness is scarce. Anaemia and thrombocytosis are both associated with CRC.AimTo evaluate the usefulness of qualitative FITs requested for symptomatic patients in primary care, alone and combined with findings of anaemia and thrombocytosis, in the diagnosis of CRC.Design and settingA population-based cohort study using electronic health records and data from the Swedish Cancer Register, covering five Swedish regions.MethodPatients aged ≥18 years in the five regions who had provided FITs requested by primary care practitioners from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015 were identified. FIT and blood-count data were registered and all CRC diagnoses made within 2 years were retrieved. Diagnostic measurements were calculated.ResultsIn total, 15 789 patients provided FITs (four different brands); of these patients, 304 were later diagnosed with CRC. Haemoglobin levels were available for 13 863 patients, and platelet counts for 10 973 patients. Calculated for the different FIT brands only, the sensitivities for CRC were 81.6%–100%; specificities 65.7%–79.5%; positive predictive values 4.7%–8.1%; and negative predictive values 99.5%–100%. Calculated for the finding of either a positive FIT or anaemia, the sensitivities increased to 88.9–100%. Adding thrombocytosis did not further increase the diagnostic performance.ConclusionQualitative FITs requested in primary care seem to be useful as rule-in tests for referral when CRC is suspected. A negative FIT and no anaemia indicate a low risk of CRC.
Pemanfaatan IPTEK Dalam Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar Untuk Masyarakat Pela Mampang Di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Saryoko Andi , Sari Retno , Rianto Verry , Rosyida Susy 
Published: November 2020

Di masa pandemi covid-19 saat ini, masyarakat terutama anak-anak yang bersekolah maupun orang tua dipaksa untuk bisa menggunakan teknologi untuk melakukan kegiatan belajar mengajar secara daring. Kegiatan belajar daring ini membuat sebagian anak-anak atau orang tua mempelajari teknologi yang digunakan secara otodidak. Kami selaku Dosen dan PPPM (Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat) Sekolah Tinggi Manajemen Informatika dan Komputer Nusa Mandiri ingin melakukan pengabdian masyarakat dengan memberikan pelatihan kepada warga RT 008/010 Pela Mampang dengan tema pemanfaatan IPTEK dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar untuk masyarakat pela mampang di masa pandemi. Bentuk dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang akan dilaksanakan adalah berupa webinar memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dasar belajar menggunakan aplikasi pembelajaran daring yaitu Google Classroom untuk menunjang kegiatan belajar secara daring selama pandemi covid-19 kepada warga RT 008/010 Pela Mampang, Melakukan penyampaian materi berkenaan dengan pengenalan Google Classroom, Menjelaskan bagaimana langkah-langkah memulai Google Classroom dan apa saja yang dapat dilakukan dengan Google Classroom, Memberikan latihan mengakses Google Classroom dan memulai kegiatan belajar. Hasil dari kegiatan pelatihan ini adalah Peningkatan keterampilan peserta terhadap pengenalan penggunaan Google Classroom yang memudahkan sebagai tambahan ilmu yang bisa diterapkan pada kegiatan belajar, Para peserta dapat mengoperasikan Google Classroom untuk mendukung proses belajar secara daring selama pandemi, Para peserta dapat mengajari teman-temannya yang lain, yang belum bisa mengoperasikan Google Classroom untuk kegiatan belajar di sekolah..
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kayubulan Melalui Implementasi Teknologi Pengolahan Eceng Gondok dan Sedimen Danau Limboto
Authors: Salimi Yuszda , Kadir Yuliyanti , S. Tangio Julhim 
Published: November 2020

Laju sedimentasi dari beberapa sungai yang bermuara di danau Limboto semakin tinggi sehingga menyebabkan pendangkalan. Pertumbuhan eceng gondok yang sangat cepat menutupi permukaan danau menyebabkan perubahan ekosistem danau dan kerugian finansial bagi nelayan lokal. Program Kuliah Kerja Nyata Pembelajaran Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (KKN PPM) di kelurahan Kayubulan bertujuan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat melalui implementasi teknologi pengolahan eceng gondok dan sedimen danau Limboto. Kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui 5 (lima) tahapan yakni tahap persiapan, tahap sosialisasi, tahap pelatihan, tahap pendampingan dan tahap evaluasi. Metode yang digunakan berupa FGD (forum group discussion), perencanaan partisipatif dan metode praktek. Hasil kegiatan ini memberi pemahaman pada masyarakat tentang pentingnya menjaga danau. Pemahaman masyarakat kelurahan Kayubulan tentang pengolahan eceng gondok menjadi biogas, briket, pupuk dan sedimen menjadi batako, batu bata dan pot tanaman meningkat secara keseluruhan hingga 48%. Kegiatan ini berdampak positif pada peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan kelompok Alata sebagai mitra sasaran.
Caducidad de la memoria prostética
Authors: Ponce Diaz Romano 
Published: November 2020

Desde la transdisciplina de los Estudios Visuales, se abordan las problemáticas que enfrentan la preservación y conservación de artefactos culturales y artísticos, frente a la proliferación de piezas diseñadas, contenidas, almacenadas y distribuidas en dispositivos electrónicos con vida útil reducida. Se presentan casos de “filmes perdidos” en los que las cintas con base de nitrato han contribuido a la destrucción de acervos de los que no hay ningún respaldo. Se enuncian los problemas materiales que enfrenta la preservación digital ligados a la falibilidad de los dispositivos, la acelerada iteración tecnológica y la descomposición progresiva de la información. Se examinan a los softwares que pretendían reducir la piratería, pero provocaron nuevos problemas a la preservación de la imagen al volverles inaccesibles. Se emite una reflexión acerca nuestra relación con el uso, distribución y consumo de la imagen en la cultura contemporánea.
Analyzing the Methods of Memorizing Chinese Characters
Authors: Гэнтянь Ж. 
Published: November 2020

В статье анализируются методы запоминания китайских иероглифов в русскоязычной среде российских школьников, которые никогда не изучали китайский язык.
Объектом исследования являются методы запоминания китайских иероглифов,
а предметом — анализ эффективности методов их запоминания в русскоязычной аудитории.
Цель работы — определение наиболее эффективных и продуктивных методов
и приемов, позволяющих легко запоминать китайскую иероглифику.
Автором представлен обзор различных методов и приемов запоминания иероглифов: многократное прописывание, мнемонические ассоциации и разгадывание иероглифических загадок.
Приведен анализ результатов эксперимента по определению эффективности каждого отдельного метода, проведенного с учениками «Гимназии № 2» (г. Пермь).
Сделан вывод о наибольшей эффективности метода мнемонических ассоциаций.
Полученные и представленные в статье данные могут способствовать решению проблемы запоминания иероглифов при обучении китайскому языку.
The article analyzes the methods of memorizing Chinese characters used by Russian learners with no Chinese learning background. The subject matter of the research is the methods of memorizing Chinese characters, the research focuses on the investigation of the efficiency of these memorization techniques for Russian learners.
The aim of the article is to identify the most effective and productive methods and techniques that enable learners to easily memorize Chinese characters.
The author of the article reviews various methods and techniques of character memorization: constant writing, mnemonic associations, solving hieroglyphic puzzles.
The article describes the results of an experiment whose aim was to assess the efficiency of each memorization technique. The experiment involved students of gymnasium no. 2 (the city of Perm).
The article concludes that the most effective memorization technique is method of mnemonic associations.
The data of the research can help solve the problem of Chinese characters memorization.
Moral and Societal Guidelines for Schoolchildren
Authors: Ферапонтова М.В. , Гельжинис Н.А. , Савлова М.С. 
Published: November 2020

В статье обосновывается актуальность исследования социально-нравственных ориентиров личности школьников. В связи с этим авторы обращают внимание на существующую на сегодняшний день недостаточную изученность данной тематики и важность ее проработки
в сложившейся социокультурной ситуации развития. Социально-нравственные ориентиры выходят на первый план в связи с доминирующим влиянием СМИ и снижением влияния таких традиционных социальных институтов как семья, религия и образование.
Представляются результаты эмпирического исследования современных школьников с использованием методик исследования терминальных ценностей (И. Г. Сенин); мотивации успеха
и боязни неудачи (А. А. Реан); мотивации к достижению успеха (Т. Элерс); социально-психологических установок личности в мотивационно-потребностной сфере (О. Ф. Потемкина); реальной структуры ценностных ориентаций личности (С. С. Бубнова); оценки уровня развития морального сознания (Л. Колберг); отношения к соблюдению нравственных норм (А. Б. Купрейченко); нравственного самоопределения личности (А. Е. Воробьева, А. Б. Купрейченко).
Анализируются особенности социально-нравственных ориентиров современных обучающихся, в том числе отличия между школьниками, находящимися на уровне нормы нравственного развития (согласно когнитивно-генетической теории Л. Кольберга) и ниже этой нормы. Указывается на необходимость разработки программы развития социально-нравственных
ориентиров личности.
The article substantiates the relevance of investigating schoolchildren’s societal and moral guidelines. The authors underline that the issue remains highly underinvestigated. They underline the necessity of a thorough investigation of the issue in the present social and cultural environment. Due to the growing dominance of mass media and the decreasing significance of such traditional social institutions as family, religion, and education, societal and moral guidelines gain outmost importance.
The article presents the results of an empirical study of schoolchildren. The following research methods are used: investigation of terminal values (I. G. Senin); motivation of success and fear of failure (A. A. Rean); motivation to succeed (T. Ehlers); societal and psychological guidelines in the sphere of motivation and consumption (O. F. Potemkina); real personal values (S. S. Bubnova); assessment of moral development (L. Kohllberg); one’s attitude to moral norms (A. B. Kupreychenko); moral self-determination (A. E. Vorobyeva, A. B. Kupreychenko).
The article analyzes the peculiarities of societal and moral guidelines which govern modern schoolchildren’s behavior. The article assesses the differences between schoolchildren who meet the norm of moral development (L. Kohlberg’s cognitive genomics) and those who are below the norm. It underlines the necessity to elaborate a program aimed at the development of people’s societal and moral guidelines.
The Connection between Teachers’ Attributional Style and Behavioral Patterns in Professional Conflicts
Authors: Казаренков В.И. , Оськин Н.С. 
Published: November 2020

В статье раскрываются целесообразность и прогностическая ценность атрибутивного подхода к изучению конфликтов в деловом взаимодействии преподавателей. На основе анализа теоретических концепций обосновывается, что индивидуальная склонность преподавателя типично использовать внутренний или внешний вектор атрибуции определяет восприятие другого субъекта взаимодействия, в том числе и конфликтного, либо как потенциального партнера, либо как конкурента и тем самым опосредует выбор субъектом атрибуции соответствующей стратегии поведения в конфликте.
Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования, где раскрывается содержание
и направленность корреляционных взаимосвязей между оптимистичностью в достижениях и во взаимоотношениях с другими, стабильностью как параметрами стиля атрибуции личности и стратегиями компромисса, сотрудничества, приспособления, избегания и соперничества как паттернами поведения преподавателя в конфликтном деловом взаимодействии.
Результаты исследования представляют практическую ценность для психологов и специалистов учреждений образования при разработке профилактических и коррекционных мероприятий, направленных на управление конфликтами в педагогических коллективах.
The article treats the relevance and the prognostic value of attributional approach to the investigation of conflicts in educators’ professional interaction. The analysis of theoretical concepts enables the author to conclude that educators’ individual inclination to use the inner or outer vectors of attribution defines the perception of other subjects of the interaction (including conflicting situations) as potential partners or as competitors and, therefore, influences the choice of a respective behavioral pattern.
The article presents the results of an empirical research that reveals the content and the direction of correlated links between achievement-associated optimism, stability as a parameter of personal attribution and strategies of compromise, cooperation, adjustment, avoidance, competitiveness as behavioral patterns in a conflicting professional interaction.
The results of the research are valid for psychologists and educators who develop prophylactic and correctional strategies aimed at the management of conflicts in pedagogical teams.
Social Intelligence as a Factor of Strategy Selection in Conflict Situations
Authors: Дмитриева А.В. , Сорокоумова С.Н. 
Published: November 2020

В статье рассматривается структурно-функциональная модель взаимосвязи социального интеллекта и поведения индивида в ситуации конфликта, рассматривающегося как столкновение несовместимых тенденций, сопровождающегося субъектной активностью, направленного на преодоление противоречий, а также негативных эмоций и переживаний.
Связующим звеном, соединяющим эффективные стратегии поведения в конфликте
с развитым социальным интеллектом, является способность индивида к выстраиванию эффективного межличностного взаимодействия. В статье описывается взаимосвязь основных компонентов системы межличностных отношений с ключевыми элементами модели социального интеллекта.
Адаптивное поведение, которое способствует конструктивному приспособлению к ситуации, связано со способностью индивида решать возникшую проблему и умением использовать различные инструменты для преодоления трудностей. Такое поведение обеспечивается специфически сформированными аспектами социального интеллекта. Выявлено, что компоненты, детерминирующие личностную реакцию и поведение индивида в конфликте, аналогичны элементам социального интеллекта.
В статье раскрыта актуальность проблемы исследования, обоснована необходимость развития социального интеллекта. Приведены результаты исследования уровня социального интеллекта, различных его аспектов и стратегий поведения в конфликте в юности.
The article analyzes a functional model of the interconnection between social intelligence and behavior in conflict situations which are treated as a clash of interests paired with participants’ actions aimed at overcoming the contradictions, negative emotions and stress.
People’s ability to ensure effective interpersonal interaction is a bridge between efficient behavioral strategies and developed social intelligence. The article describes the interconnection between major components of the system of interpersonal relations and key elements of the model of social intelligence. Adaptive behavior which promotes better adaptation to the situation is associated with people’s ability to solve problems as they appear and their ability to use various tools to meet challenges. Such behavior is enabled by social intelligence. The article maintains that components predetermining people’s reactions and behaviors in conflict situations are analogous to elements of social intelligence.
The article substantiates the relevance of the issue of the research and the necessity to develop social intelligence. It provides the results of a research investigating levels of social intelligence, its aspects and behavioral strategies employed in conflict situations.