bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect on new knowledge and reviewed knowledge caused by the positioning task in closed concept maps
Authors: Fonteles Furtado Pedro Gabriel , Hirashima Tsukasa , Hayashi Yusuke 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The advancement of technology has made it possible for automated feedback to be added to learning activities such as the construction of concept maps. The addition of feedback allows learners to acquire new knowledge instead of only focusing on reviewed knowledge. The cognitive processes for acquiring new knowledge and reviewing knowledge are different, so the benefits of concept maps in past research may not apply to the acquisition of new knowledge. However, how concept map construction varies across these two aspects has not been investigated. This research starts this investigation by researching how the positioning task affects new knowledge and reviewed knowledge. The position task is the act of deciding and managing the position of the elements of the concept map. In this paper, we study the differences in new knowledge and reviewed knowledge across two closed concept map interfaces by comparing test answers. One interface, Kit-build, includes the positioning task. The other interface, Airmap, does not include it. Results suggest that the interfaces only differ in retained reviewed knowledge, having similar performance in immediate new knowledge, immediate reviewed knowledge, and retained new knowledge. Results have potential implications for the general presence of the positioning task in learning interfaces.
EmoTan: enhanced flashcards for second language vocabulary learning with emotional binaural narration
Authors: Fukushima Shogo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We report on the design and evaluation of a flashcard application, enhanced with emotional binaural narration to support second language (L2) vocabulary learning. Typically, the voice narration used in English vocabulary learning is recorded by native speakers with a standard accent to ensure accurate pronunciation and clarity. However, a clear but monotonous narration may not always aid learners in retaining new vocabulary items in their semantic memory. As such, enhancing textual flashcards with emotional narration in the learner’s native language can foster the retention of new L2 words in episodic rather than semantic memory as greater emotive expression reinforces episodic memory retention. We evaluated the effects of binaural emotive narration with traditional textual flashcards on L2 word retention (immediate and delayed) in laboratory experiments with native Japanese-speaking English learners. Our results suggest that the learners were able to retain approximately 60% more L2 words long-term with the proposed approach compared to traditional flashcards.
Welfare and well-being: towards mental health-promoting welfare systems
Authors: Senior Steven L. , Caan Woody , Gamsu Mark 
Published: November 2019

SummaryBy protecting vulnerable people from poverty and debt, welfare systems can be powerful tools for promoting mental health. However, the details of how welfare systems are implemented determine whether they also cause harm. Here, we review evidence and principles that might guide the development of mental health-promoting welfare systems.
Parents’, Health Care Professionals’, and Scientists’ Experiences of a Precision Medicine Pilot Trial for Patients With High-Risk Childhood Cancer: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Vetsch Janine , Wakefield Claire E. , Duve Emily , McGill Brittany C. , Warby Meera , Tucker Katherine M. , Malkin David , Lau Loretta , Ziegler David S. 
Published: November 2019

PURPOSE Children with high-risk cancers have low survival rates because current treatment options are limited. Precision medicine trials are designed to offer patients individualized treatment recommendations, potentially improving their clinical outcomes. However, parents’ understanding is often limited, and expectations of benefit to their own child can be high. Health care professionals (HCPs) are often not familiar with precision medicine and might find managing families’ expectations challenging. Scientists find themselves working with high expectations among different stakeholders to rapidly translate their identification of actionable targets in real time. Therefore, we wanted to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of all stakeholders involved in a new precision medicine pilot trial called TARGET, including parents, their child’s HCPs, and the scientists who conducted the laboratory research and generated the data used to make treatment recommendations. METHODS We conducted semistructured interviews with all participants and analyzed the interviews thematically. RESULTS We interviewed 15 parents (9 mothers; 66.7% bereaved), 17 HCPs, and 16 scientists. We identified the following themes in parents’ interviews: minimal understanding and need for more information, hope as a driver of participation, challenges around biopsies, timing, and drug access, and few regrets. HCP and scientist interviews revealed themes such as embracing new technologies and collaborations and challenges managing families’ expectations, timing of testing and test results, and drug access. CONCLUSION Educating families, HCPs, and scientists to better understand the benefits and limitations of precision medicine trials may improve the transparency of the translation of discovery genomics to novel therapies, increase satisfaction with the child’s care, and ameliorate the additional long-term psychosocial burden for families already affected by high-risk childhood cancer.
Communication vs. waterproofing: the physics of insect cuticular hydrocarbons
Authors: Menzel Florian , Morsbach Svenja , Martens Jiska H. , Räder Petra , Hadjaje Simon , Poizat Marine , Abou Bérengère 
Published: November 2019

Understanding the evolution of complex traits is among the major challenges in biology. One such trait is the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) layer in insects. It protects against desiccation and provides communication signals, especially in social insects. CHC composition is highly diverse within and across species. To understand the adaptive value of this chemical diversity, we must understand how it affects biological functionality. So far, CHCs received ample research attention, but their physical properties were little studied. We argue that these properties determine their biological functionality, and are vital to understand how CHC composition affects their adaptive value. We investigated melting behaviour and viscosity of CHCs from eleven ant species using differential scanning calorimetry and a novel microrheological technique.
Cuticular hydrocarbons began melting below -45°C, and often were entirely liquid only above 30°C. Thus, they formed a solid-liquid mixture at ambient conditions, which contrasts to previous assumptions of entirely solid layers in many species. This may be adaptive since only biphasic CHC layers ensure uniform coating of the insect body, which is necessary for waterproofing. CHC viscosity was mostly between 0.1 and 0.2 Pa.s, thus similar to motor oils. Surprisingly, chemically different CHC profiles had similar viscosities, suggesting that a certain viscosity level is adaptive and ensures that communication signals can be perceived.
With this study, we draw attention to the importance of studying the physics of CHC layers. Only by understanding how chemical and physical mechanisms enable CHC functionality can we understand the causes and consequences of CHC diversification.
Stratifying the mechanical performance of a decellularized xenogeneic tendon graft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction as a function of graft diameter
Authors: Whitaker Samuel , Edwards Jennifer H. , Guy Stephen , Ingham Eileen , Herbert Anthony 
Published: November 2019

Objectives This study investigated the biomechanical performance of decellularized porcine superflexor tendon (pSFT) grafts of varying diameters when utilized in conjunction with contemporary ACL graft fixation systems. This aimed to produce a range of ‘off-the-shelf’ products with predictable mechanical performance, depending on the individual requirements of the patient. Methods Decellularized pSFTs were prepared to create double-bundle grafts of 7 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm diameter. Femoral and tibial fixation systems were simulated utilizing Arthrex suspension devices and interference screws in bovine bone, respectively. Dynamic stiffness and creep were measured, followed by ramp to failure from which linear stiffness and load at failure were measured. The mechanisms of failure were also recorded. Results Dynamic stiffness was found to increase with greater graft diameter, with significant differences between all groups. Conversely, dynamic creep reduced with increasing graft diameter with significant differences between the 7 mm and 9 mm groups and the 8 mm and 9 mm groups. Significant differences were also found between the 7 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm groups for linear stiffness, but no significant differences were found between groups for load at failure. The distribution of failure mechanisms was found to change with graft diameter. Conclusion This study showed that decellularized pSFTs demonstrate comparable biomechanical properties to other ACL graft options and are a potentially viable option for ACL reconstruction. Although grafts can be stratified by their diameter to provide varying biomechanical properties, it may be more appropriate to alter the fixation technique to stratify for a greater diversity of biomechanical requirements. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2019;8:518–525.
Digital PCR—An Emerging Technology with Broad Applications in Microbiology
Authors: Salipante Stephen J , Jerome Keith R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The PCR and its variant, quantitative PCR (qPCR), have revolutionized the practice of clinical microbiology. Continued advancements in PCR have led to a new derivative, digital PCR (dPCR), which promises to address certain limitations inherent to qPCR.

CONTENT
Here we highlight the important technical differences between qPCR and dPCR, and the potential advantages and disadvantages of each. We then review specific situations in which dPCR has been implemented in clinical microbiology and the results of such applications. Finally, we attempt to place dPCR in the context of other emerging technologies relevant to the clinical laboratory, including next-generation sequencing.

SUMMARY
dPCR offers certain clear advantages over traditional qPCR, but these are to some degree offset by limitations of the technology, at least as currently practiced. Laboratories considering implementation of dPCR should carefully weigh the potential advantages and disadvantages of this powerful technique for each specific application planned.
SEGREGAÇÃO E SILENCIAMENTOS NA EXPERIÊNCIA DE MULHERES EM REGIÕES PERIFÉRICAS
Authors: Bordin Marcelo , Machado Maria Izabel 
Published: November 2019

O artigo tem por finalidade analisar experiências de mulheres em um bairro do município de Almirante Tamandaré, participantes de um clube de trocas, prática ligada à economia solidária. O cotidiano das participantes se dá em meio a um contexto de segregação socioespacial e ao acúmulo de desvantagens tais como a pobreza e as assimetrias de gênero. A pergunta de análise, portanto, centra-se no modo como essas mulheres vivenciam a segregação em suas múltiplas expressões. A metodologia para coleta de dados incluiu observação participante e entrevistas individuais e coletivas. Dentre achados de pesquisa, está o desenvolvimento de estratégias de sobrevivência individuais e coletivas e a construção de redes de proteção próxima, a partir dos padrões de sociabilidade e das contingências impostas pelo meio.
Imaginarios, obras y autores en la literatura latinoamericana: La Cuba poscomunista... ¿un parque temático? Imaginarios utópicos y contrautópicos en La Habana literaria
Authors: Del Vecchio Alejandro 
Published: November 2019

La crisis económica y el progresivo derrumbe del ideal del Hombre Nuevo provoca durante los ’90, en Cuba, la emergencia de una nueva tendencia narrativa (denominada «poscomunista», «postsoviética» o «posrevolucionaria» y con representantes como Antonio José Ponte y Pedro Juan Gutiérrez), donde la lógica del intercambio artístico abandona la tutela del gobierno revolucionario para instalarse en una lógica comercial caracterizada por la concepción del propio cuerpo como mercancía o valor de cambio, por el exhibicionismo exacerbado de las voces narradoras y por la consecuente consideración del lector como voyeur. Frente a la utopía carpenteriana, las imágenes literarias de Centro Habana y La Habana vieja en ruinas, las figuras de Castro y Guevara adornando objetos de consumo masivo, y la exótica oferta sexual de la isla afirman un imaginario posutópico usufructuado turísticamente, como si Cuba fuera un parque temático,una reserva natural o un museo a cielo abierto. Cabe preguntarse entonces de qué modo La Habana textual, La Habana hecha de palabras (reinvención, a su vez, de la ciudad geográfica que está fuera de los textos), se constituye en centro generador de un imaginario social donde la utopía dominante del siglo XX resulta irreversiblemente penetrada por la sociedad de consumo.
Relatos, memorias y ficcionalizaciones en el arte: Dos intrigas intermediales (o de la letra a la pantalla y viceversa)
Authors: Gárate Miriam V. 
Published: November 2019

El artículo refiere dos intrigas intermediales ocurridas en Brasil durante 1920–1930, a fin de examinar interferencias y diálogos existentes entre escritura e imagen. La primera es protagonizada por Eugenio Pignone, quien arriba a San Pablo en 1921 y poco después se torna objeto de una serie de notas publicadas en diversos jornais. Sus aventuras mobilizan un archivo proveniente del folletín, que actualiza en la prensa un imaginario «fantomático» asociado a la literatura y el cine. Pignone reaparece años después de este episodio como Eugenio Kerrigan, supuesto director ítalo–americano con experiencia en los estudios Vitagraph y Paramount. Rueda cinco películas. Los restos materiales de dicha producción autorizan a postular puntos de contacto entre las peripecias de Pignone y la filmografía de Kerrigan. La segunda intriga es protagonizada por Olympio Guilherme, quien en 1927 gana un concurso promovido por la Fox y se traslada a Los Ángeles con la expectativa devenir astro de cine. Desde allí envía críticas cinematográficas e impresiones personales para la revista Cinearte. En 1929, luego de reiterados fracasos, rueda un filme intitulado Fome. Regresa a Brasil en 1930 y dos años más tarde publica Hollywood, novela da vida real, texto en el que el «mísero fotógrafo» retrata los engranajes de la maquinaria hollywoodense. El libro propone un contrato de lectura según el cual estamos ante un escrito que debe ser leído/visto como si se tratase de una película.
A Paneitz–Branson type equation with Neumann boundary conditions
Authors: Bonheure Denis , Cheikh Ali Hussein , Nascimento Robson 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We consider the best constant in a critical Sobolev inequality of second order.
We show non-rigidity for the optimizers above a certain threshold, namely, we prove that the best constant is achieved by a nonconstant solution of the associated fourth order elliptic problem under Neumann boundary conditions.
Our arguments rely on asymptotic estimates of the Rayleigh quotient.
We also show rigidity below another threshold.
Nicht nicht schreiben
Authors: Jochum Uwe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Der bibliothekarische Mainstream geht davon aus, dass die wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken „Serviceeinrichtungen“ seien, deren Personal nicht Wissenschaft zu betreiben, sondern „Service“ zu erbringen habe. Damit wird nicht nur das Berufsbild der Bibliothekare um seine Geschichte gekürzt, sondern zugleich das Entwicklungspotential der Bibliotheken beschränkt. Wer in dieser Situation nach unbeschränkt-offenen Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten der Bibliotheken sucht, wird diese kaum in den umlaufenden Strategiepapieren finden, sondern einzig in einer Reflexion des eigenen Tuns, einer Reflexion, deren Schriftform eine Einladung zum Dialog ist.
The sub-dialects of South-Western Kurzeme from a historical perspective
Authors: Markus-Narvila Liene 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article analyses sub-dialects of the South-Western Kurzeme region in Latvia. The focus is on the most prominent phonetic, morphological and lexical features of these sub-dialects, and their usage in the 21st century. The sub-dialects of South-Western Kurzeme have many characteristic features found in their phonetics and morphology. In the South-Western Kurzeme sub-dialects, there are native lexemes – words from the ancient Curonian language and also borrowed lexemes, as language contact has been an ongoing fact of life in South-Western Kurzeme. This region has been influenced by several languages – both neighbouring and more distant.
Der Vollständigkeit halber
Authors: Onasch Paul 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article demonstrates the difficulties of the category ‘completeness’ of historical-critical editions on the basis of letters written by the sculptor, graphic artist and writer Ernst Barlach. The new edition of more than 2000 letters, which will be published at the end of 2019, takes into account that the text carriers of several hundred letters are no longer available. It is possible to distinguish between letter convoys and individual letters that can then be accessed through other letters and documents. There are also printed letters which are no longer available in their original form. In order to do justice to the claim of a (historical-)critical edition based on completeness, all these forms of exploited letters should be depicted in a specific way.
Opportunity Recognition Behavior and Readiness of Youth for Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Zulfiqar Salman , Nadeem Muhammad Athar , Khan Muhammad Kaleem , Anwar Muhammad Azfar , Iqbal Muhammad Badar , Asmi Fahad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSocial entrepreneurship is a business approach in which entrepreneurs focus on social problems. Social entrepreneurs generate new initiatives, provide social plans and marshal resources with regard to social problems. This study examines the opportunity recognition behavior and readiness of youth for social entrepreneurship as a career choice. The topic is not arranged systematically; hence, this research aims to organize the topic by combining opportunity recognition behavior and willingness of youth toward social entrepreneurship through comprehensive theoretical modeling and empirical testing. The study hypothesized that social capital, social empathy, normative institutional environment, formal education, and training may enhance opportunity recognition behavior, whereas the regulative institutional environment may harm youth opportunity recognition behavior. This study also hypothesized that opportunity recognition behavior can lead to the readiness of youth for social entrepreneurship. Non-probability purposive sampling technique has been used due to selective participation. The data for this research have been collected from Indian, Pakistani, and Chinese youth. A total of 750 questionnaires were distributed among respondents, and 555 were returned for further analysis. The findings conclude that Social Empathy and Education and Training within formal and informal environments hold strong influence while defining individuals’ Social Entrepreneurial Intentions.
Arithmetic lattices in unipotent algebraic groups
Authors: Bou-Rabee Khalid , Studenmund Daniel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFixing an arithmetic lattice Γ in an algebraic groupG, the commensurability growth function assigns to eachnthe cardinality of the set of subgroups Δ with[Γ:Γ∩Δ][Δ:Γ∩Δ]=n{[\Gamma:\Gamma\cap\Delta][\Delta:\Gamma\cap\Delta]=n}. This growth function gives a new setting where methods of F. Grunewald, D. Segal and G. C. Smith’s “Subgroups of finite index in nilpotent groups” apply to study arithmetic lattices in an algebraic group. In particular, we show that, for any unipotent algebraicℤ{\mathbb{Z}}-group with arithmetic lattice Γ, the Dirichlet function associated to the commensurability growth function satisfies an Euler decomposition. Moreover, the local parts are rational functions inp-s{p^{-s}}, where the degrees of the numerator and denominator are independent ofp. This gives regularity results for the set of arithmetic lattices inG.
Vocabulary depends on topic, and so does grammar
Authors: Nakamata Naoki 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper examines the topic-specific words extracted from a contact-situation conversation corpus of Japanese. The corpus that was analyzed contains 38 original Skype conversation sessions of 9 pairs of Japanese learners and native speakers on preselected topics. After manually dividing the entire corpus (approximately 200,000 words) into 13 subcorpora by topic, many substantial words and some function words were extracted as topic-specific. Although previous research has suggested that function words are not topic-dependent, this study shows that Japanese function words do, in fact, have a tendency of occurrence. For example, tense and aspect markers occur frequently for the topic “pop-culture,” while nominative markers and existential sentences occur for the topic “town.” This tendency may represent a fundamental resource for developing materials and textbook for both topic-based ones and grammar-structural ones.
Word recognition in a language with multiple orthographies: A semantic masked-priming study of L1 Mandarin learners of L3 Japanese
Authors: Goss Seth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study explored the organization of the multilingual lexicon in L3 learners of Japanese from an L1 Mandarin Chinese background. Using a masked-priming paradigm, it examined whether native-language translations of Japanese words facilitated the recognition of native-morpheme hiragana words and katakana-script loanwords to a similar degree. Participants performed a lexical decision task on a series of hiragana and katakana words, which were preceded by three prime types: noncognate translations, same-script duplicates, and unrelated words. Results showed an equal magnitude of priming from L1 translations for L3 Japanese targets in both scripts, suggesting that conceptual information is made rapidly available for word recognition via an L1 prime. However, priming in the same-script duplicate condition differed numerically between hiragana and katakana, indicating that lower-familiarity katakana loanwords are not activated as rapidly as words in the more-familiar hiragana script. Findings are discussed in relation to models of the multilingual lexicon.
Dynamic behaviors of a Lotka-Volterra type predator-prey system with Allee effect on the predator species and density dependent birth rate on the prey species
Authors: Chen Fengde , Guan Xinyu , Huang Xiaoyan , Deng Hang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A Lotka-Volterra type predator-prey system with Allee effect on the predator species and density dependent birth rate on the prey species is proposed and studied. For non-delay case, such topics as the persistent of the system, the local stability property of the equilibria, the global stability of the positive equilibrium are investigated. For the system with infinite delay, by using the iterative method, a set of sufficient conditions which ensure the global attractivity of the positive equilibrium is obtained. By introducing the density dependent birth rate, the dynamic behaviors of the system becomes complicated. The system maybe collapse in the sense that both the species will be driven to extinction, or the two species could be coexist in a stable state. Numeric simulations are carried out to show the feasibility of the main results.