bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction and measurement of diuretic responsiveness after oral administration of furosemide to healthy dogs and dogs with congestive heart failure
Authors: Loughran Kerry A. , Larouche‐Lebel Éva , Huh Terry , Testani Jeffrey M. , Rao Veena S. , Oyama Mark A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn human patients, cumulative urine volume (uVol) and urine sodium (uNa) can be predicted using spot urine samples and these quantitative measures help detect low diuretic responsiveness (LDR).Hypothesis/objectivesFormulas using spot urine samples predict cumulative uVol and uNa output after oral administration of furosemide to dogs.AnimalsEight healthy dogs, 6 dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF).MethodsProspective interventional study. Spot urine samples at 180 and 270 minutes after furosemide (3 mg/kg PO) were used to predict cumulative uVol and uNa output over 7 hours. Differentiation of dogs fulfilling predefined criteria for LDR was examined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsPredicted uNa output at 180 minutes (rs= 0.763, [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.375‐0.923],P= .002) and 270 minutes (r= 0.816, [95% CI, 0.503‐0.940],P< .001) was highly correlated to 7‐hour uNa output. Predicted uVol at 180 minutes (r= 0.598, [95% CI, 0.098‐0.857],P= .02) and 270 minutes (r= 0.791, [95% CI, 0.450‐0.931],P< .001) was moderately correlated to 7‐hour uVol. Predicted uNa using 180‐minute (area under the curve [AUC], 0.933 [95% CI, 0.804‐1.000]) and 270‐minute (AUC, 0.911 [95% CI, 0.756‐1.000]) samples identified dogs with LDR (n = 5) with high accuracy.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceUrinary Na excretion and uVol are complementary but distinct aspects of diuretic responsiveness in dogs. Quantification of diuretic responsiveness in the clinical setting opens new diagnostic, treatment, and monitoring strategies.
Validation of the Finnish Person‐Centered care Climate Questionnaire‐Patient and testing the relationship with individualised care
Authors: Stolt Minna , Koskenvuori Janika , Edvardsson David , Katajisto Jouko , Suhonen Riitta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim of the study was two‐fold: (1) to test the psychometric properties of the Person‐Centered care Climate Questionnaire‐Patient‐Finnish version (PCQ‐P‐Fin), and (2) to examine the associations between older patients’ perceptions of the PCC climate and their perceptions of individuality in care delivered within acute care settings for older people.DesignAn exploratory, correlational, cross‐sectional survey design.MethodsThe study was conducted within acute care settings for older people with heart failure (n = 111, response rate 54%). Data were collected with self‐completed questionnaires, the Person‐Centered care Climate Questionnaire‐Patient version (PCQ‐P‐Fin) and the Individualized Care Scale‐Patient (ICS‐Patient‐B), between 6/2016 and 5/2017. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, exploratory factor analysis and a Rasch analysis.ResultsThe PCQ‐P‐Fin showed satisfactory structural, construct and concurrent validity and high reliability. The ICS‐B‐Patient and the PCQ‐P‐Fin correlated strongly positive suggesting an association between the perceptions of individuality in care and the care climate.ConclusionThe PCQ‐P‐Fin is a useful, reliable and valid tool. Characteristics of the care environment, especially the climate and the extent to which this is perceived to be person‐centred, may be used to enhance perceptions of individualised care.
Learning to see the wood for the trees: machine learning, decision trees, and the classification of isolated theropod teeth
Authors: Wills Simon , Underwood Charlie J. , Barrett Paul M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTaxonomic identification of fossils based on morphometric data traditionally relies on the use of standard linear models to classify such data. Machine learning and decision trees offer powerful alternative approaches to this problem but are not widely used in palaeontology. Here, we apply these techniques to published morphometric data of isolated theropod teeth in order to explore their utility in tackling taxonomic problems. We chose two published datasets consisting of 886 teeth from 14 taxa and 3020 teeth from 17 taxa, respectively, each with five morphometric variables per tooth. We also explored the effects that missing data have on the final classification accuracy. Our results suggest that machine learning and decision trees yield superior classification results over a wide range of data permutations, with decision trees achieving accuracies of 96% in classifying test data in some cases. Missing data or attempts to generate synthetic data to overcome missing data seriously degrade all classifiers predictive accuracy. The results of our analyses also indicate that using ensemble classifiers combining different classification techniques and the examination of posterior probabilities is a useful aid in checking final class assignments. The application of such techniques to isolated theropod teeth demonstrate that simple morphometric data can be used to yield statistically robust taxonomic classifications and that lower classification accuracy is more likely to reflect preservational limitations of the data or poor application of the methods.
What are the career implications of “seeing eye to eye”? Examining the role of leader–member exchange (LMX) agreement on employability and career outcomes
Authors: Epitropaki Olga , Marstand Anders Friis , Van der Heijden Beatrice , Bozionelos Nikos , Mylonopoulos Nikolaos , Van der Heijde Claudia , Scholarios Dora , Mikkelsen Aslaug , Marzec Izabela , Jędrzejowicz Piotr ,   The Indicator Group
Published: October 2020

AbstractAre there career benefits to leaders and followers agreeing about the quality of their leader–member exchange (LMX) relationship? Is LMX disagreement always detrimental for a follower's career? Can the examination of LMX agreement as a substantive variable help us cast new light on some of the inconclusive findings of past research on LMX and career outcomes? These questions motivate our research. Using theories of social exchange and sponsorship, and responses from 967 leader–follower dyads of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) professionals in seven European countries, we examined the role of LMX agreement on subjective and objective career outcomes. After conducting polynomial regression combined with response surface analysis, we found that both follower‐rated and leader‐rated employability were higher when the leader agreed with the follower at a high level of LMX (vs. a low level of LMX). In case of disagreement, strong support was found for leader‐rated employability being higher when the leader's perceptions of LMX exceeded those of their follower. Furthermore, follower‐rated employability was found to mediate the relationship between LMX (dis)agreement and perceived career success, promotions, salary, and bonuses. Support was also found for the mediating role of leader‐rated employability in the case of perceived career success, promotions, and salary but not for bonuses. Our findings highlight the importance of LMX (dis)agreement for career outcomes and further point to the possibility of employability offering an alternative explanation for the mixed findings of past LMX–career research.
The role of basophils in acquired protective immunity to tick infestation
Authors: Yoshikawa Soichiro , Miyake Kensuke , Kamiya Atsunori , Karasuyama Hajime 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTicks are blood‐feeding ectoparasites that transmit a variety of pathogens to host animals and humans, causing severe infectious diseases such as Lyme disease. In a certain combination of animal and tick species, tick infestation elicits acquired immunity against ticks in the host, which can reduce the ability of ticks to feed on blood and to transmit pathogens in the following tick infestations. Therefore, our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of acquired tick resistance (ATR) can advance the development of anti‐tick vaccines to prevent tick infestation and tick‐borne diseases. Basophils are a minor population of white blood cells circulating in the bloodstream and are rarely observed in peripheral tissues under steady‐state conditions. Basophils have been reported to accumulate at tick‐feeding sites during re‐infestation in cattle, rabbits, guinea pigs and mice. Selective ablation of basophils resulted in a loss of ATR in guinea pigs and mice, illuminating the essential role of basophils in the manifestation of ATR. In this review, we discuss the recent advance in the elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying basophil recruitment to the tick‐feeding site and basophil‐mediated ATR.
Sedentary behaviour and physical activity across pregnancy and birth outcomes
Authors: Jones Melissa A. , Catov Janet M. , Jeyabalan Arun , Whitaker Kara M. , Barone Gibbs Bethany 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundShorter gestation or smaller birth size are indicators of a suboptimal fetal environment and negatively impact short‐ and long‐term offspring health. Understanding how modifiable maternal behaviours, such as moderate‐to‐vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) or sedentary behaviour (SED), improve fetal outcomes could inform strategies to improve health across the lifespan.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to examine the association of MVPA and SED across pregnancy trimesters on gestational age at delivery and newborn anthropometrics.MethodsThe MoM Health Study measured SED (thigh‐mounted activPAL3 micro) and MVPA (waist‐worn Actigraph GTX3) in each trimester of pregnancy. Birth outcomes (gestational age at delivery, birthweight, birth length, and head circumference) were abstracted from medical records and used to calculate ponderal index (grams*100/cm3) and size‐for‐gestational age percentiles. Associations of group‐based trajectories and trimester‐specific SED and MVPA with birth outcomes were analysed using regression models.ResultsLow, medium, and high trajectory groups were generated SED and MVPA in 103 and 99 pregnant women, respectively. High vs low SED trajectory was associated with earlier gestational age at delivery (β −1.03 weeks, 95% CI −2.01, −0.06), larger head circumference (β 0.83 cm, 95% CI 0.24, 1.63), longer birth length (β 1.37 cm, 95% CI 0.09, 2.64), and lower ponderal index (β −0.24 g*100/cm3, 95% CI −0.42, −0.06), after adjustment for demographics, pre‐pregnancy BMI, and (for newborn anthropometric outcomes) gestational age. The association of high SED with lower ponderal index was the most robust across progressively adjusted models (β −0.25 g*100/cm3, 95% CI −0.44, −0.07). SED trajectory was not associated with birthweight or size‐for‐gestational age. High vs low MVPA trajectory was only associated with smaller head circumference (β −0.86 cm, 95% CI −1.70, −0.02).ConclusionsHigher SED during pregnancy may result in shorter gestation and inhibited fetal growth. Further research evaluating the effect of reducing SED during pregnancy on birth outcomes is warranted.
The effect of US stress tests on monetary policy spillovers to emerging markets
Authors: Niepmann Friederike , Schmidt‐Eisenlohr Tim , Liu Emily 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper explores the transmission of US monetary policy through US banks to emerging market economies (EMEs) and the role that stress tests play in this transmission. Data on US banks’ monthly commercial and industrial loan originations shows that: (a) US bank lending to EMEs was sensitive to domestic monetary policy changes during the zero‐lower bound period. (b) Effects of monetary easing were heterogeneous across banks and depended on banks’ stress test results, a proxy for their capital strength. Only banks that comfortably passed the stress tests issued more loans to EME borrowers. (c) Effects of monetary tightening were more similar across banks. (d) Banks shifted their lending to safer borrowers within EMEs in response to monetary easing, leaving the risk of their overall loan books unchanged. These results support the hypothesis that bank capital affects the transmission of easier monetary policy, including across borders. We conjecture that bank lending to EMEs during the zero‐lower bound period would have been even higher had the United States not introduced stress tests for their banks.
Impaired recovery is associated with increased injury and illness: A retrospective study of 536 female netball athletes
Authors: Horgan Barry G. , Drew Michael K. , Halson Shona L. , Piromalli Laura E. , Drinkwater Eric J. , Chapman Dale W. , Haff G. Gregory 
Published: October 2020

Sport science and medicine practitioners are interested in the relationships between training load, injury, and illness. The extent to which training preparedness is associated with workload‐related injury and illness risk is debated. Therefore, this study applied multi‐level mixed effect logistic regression to investigate time‐dependent (±7‐ and ±28‐day) relationships between training preparedness (fatigue, mood, motivation, soreness, stress, sleep duration, and quality), training load, injury, and illness in 536 elite and pre‐elite female netball athletes. Absolute risk (AR ± 95% CI) of sustaining an injury (0.98 ± 0.06%, n = 1122 injuries, N = 254 athletes) or illness (1.09 ± 0.10%, n = 2881, N = 432 athletes) was calculated. All training preparedness variables combined resulted in an absolute risk of 0.88%‐5.88% and 0.87%‐20% for injury and illness, respectively. Injury and illness had significant (P < .05) bidirectional (ie, both increased and decreased) associations with physical (soreness) and physiological (sleep duration and quality), while illness also had negative (mood, motivation) and positive (stress) associations with psychological training preparedness variables. Low sleep duration in the 48‐h period prior was associated (P = .005) with increased injury risk (OR = 0.91 ± 0.03; AR = 4.00%), while “very poor” sleep quality (OR = 0.59 ± 0.02; AR = 7.83%) or extremes of too little (<5 hours, OR = 1.01 ± 0.03; AR = 3.13%‐14.29%) and too much (>10 hours, OR = 1.01 ± 0.03; AR = 2.61%‐10.98%) sleep had bidirectional associations (P < .001) with an increased illness risk. Changes in training preparedness variables demonstrated bidirectional associations with injury and illness. These outcomes suggest that sport science and medicine practitioners should monitor sleep, physical, and psychological recovery status, to aid early detection and intervention regarding injury and illness symptomology.
Agromonas: a rapid disease assay for Pseudomonas syringae growth in agroinfiltrated leaves
Authors: Buscaill Pierre , Sanguankiattichai Nattapong , Lee Yoon Joo , Kourelis Jiorgos , Preston Gail , van der Hoorn Renier A. L. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe lengthy process to generate transformed plants is a limitation in current research on the interactions of the model plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae with plant hosts. Here we present an easy method called agromonas, where we quantify P. syringae growth in agroinfiltrated leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana using a cocktail of antibiotics to select P. syringae on plates. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that transient expression of PAMP receptors reduces bacterial growth, and that transient depletion of a host immune gene and transient expression of a type‐III effector increase P. syringae growth in agromonas assays. We show that we can rapidly achieve structure−function analysis of immune components and test the function of immune hydrolases. The agromonas method is easy, fast and robust for routine disease assays with various Pseudomonas strains without transforming plants or bacteria. The agromonas assay offers a reliable approach for further comprehensive analysis of plant immunity.
Manipulation System for Measuring Heat Flux in Radioactive Melt
Authors: Knedlík Michal , Rot David , Hrbek Jan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article is focused on introducing of the manipulation system, which is used to insert equipment or measuring probes into the chamber of a cold crucible during experimental induction skull melting. The measuring probe could be, e.g., calorimeter for measuring heat flux from a melt, which is created in the cold crucible by electromagnetic induction. The first part describes the technical parameters of the manipulator and the possibilities of manipulator controlling. The manipulation system is controlled by the algorithm implemented in the programmable logic controller CompactRIO or by mechanical controller called manual pulse generator, which is independent of the programmable logic controller. Different control methods increase the safety of the system. The next part contents basic information about the control algorithm based on LabVIEW software and the user interface of the touch screen. The article also deals with testing the manipulator, which was used in an experiment simulating corium behavior under conditions of the severe accident of a nuclear power plant. The last part describes simulations of electromagnetic field and temperature field in the chamber of the cold crucible, which were confirmed with real measuring. The goal of the simulations was to determine the effect on the manipulation system and calculation of Joule's losses in the calorimeter before immersion into the melt. The most significant heat transfer to the calorimeter was the radiation from a melt, which was also calculated.
Twin girls with hypophosphataemic rickets and papilloedema
Authors: Migliarino Vanessa , Magnolato Andrea , Barbi Egidio 
Published: October 2020

A 7 year-old twin girl with hypophosphataemic rickets was evaluated for a recent onset of mild strabismus.She was a homozygous twin sister with hypophosphataemic rickets diagnosed at the age of 2 years, with a mutation in intron 21 of the PHEX gene, which was also present in her sister.The girls’ clinical histories were remarkable for an important lower limb varus that progressively improved after starting phosphate supplementation with a galenical solution (Joulies solution 1 mmol phosphate/ml) and vitamin D 1,25 OH.During the examinations, both girls were in good general condition. Physical examinations were unremarkable, except for tibial varus, bilateral fifth finger clinodactyly and bilateral syndactyly of the third and fourth foot fingers. No major head shape abnormalities were noticeable except for a high forehead.One patient presented with a slight strabismus, normal isochoric isocyclic and reactive pupils, no signs of cranial nerve deficit, and no alterations in the rest of the neurological examination. An ophthalmological evaluation showed bilateral papilloedema. A cerebral MRI scan was then performed, suspecting elevated intracranial pressure (figure 1). The same examination was performed on the asymptomatic sister which also demonstrated papilloedema with similar findings on cranial MRI too.Figure 1Sagittal MR T1-weighted imaging shows a 12 mm cerebellar tonsillar herniation (shown by the white arrow) and bulb-medullary junction herniation. The apex of the epistropheus tooth almost reaches the occipital clivus (shown by the white line) and imprints the bulb.QuestionsWhich is the most likely diagnosis?CraniosynostosisPseudotumor cerebriDrusenArnold-Chiari malformationHow should these patients be managed?Acetazolamide treatmentThird to fourth ventricle cystostomyWait and see with periodical visual evoked potential follow-upNeurosurgeryHow should patients with X linked hypophosphataemic rickets (XLH rickets) be managed for the risk of craniosynostosis?Monitor cephalic anthropometric measuresPerform a MRI scan if clinical signs of craiosynostosis or intracranial hypertension are presentPerform a skull X-ray every 2 yearsPerform an MRI scan every 2 yearsAnswers can be found on page 02.
Observational study of parental opinion of deferred consent for neonatal research
Authors: Sloss Samantha , Dawson Jennifer Anne , McGrory Lorraine , Rafferty Anthony Richard , Davis Peter G , Owen Louise S 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the opinions of parents of newborns following their infant’s enrolment into a neonatal research study through the process of deferred consent.DesignMixed-methods, observational study, interviewing 100 parents recently approached for deferred consent.SettingTertiary-level neonatal intensive care unit, Melbourne, Australia.ResultsAll 100 parents interviewed had consented to the study/studies using deferred consent; 62% had also experienced a prospective neonatal consent process. Eighty-nine per cent were ‘satisfied’ with the deferred consent process. The most common reason given for consenting was ‘to help future babies’. Negative comments regarding deferred consent mostly related to the timing of the consent approach, and some related to a perceived loss of parental rights. A deferred approach was preferred by 51%, 24% preferred a prospective approach and 25% were unsure. Those who thought prospective consent would not have been preferable cited impaired decision-making, inappropriate timing of an approach before birth and their preference for removal of the decision-making burden via deferred consent. Seventy-seven per cent thought they would have given the same response if approached prospectively; those who would have declined reported that a prospective approach under stressful conditions was unwelcome and too overwhelming.ConclusionIn our sample, 89% of parents of infants enrolled in neonatal research using deferred consent considered it acceptable and half would not have preferred prospective consent. The ability to make a more considered decision under less stressful circumstances was key to the acceptability of deferred consent.
Epidemiological study of opioid use disorder in French emergency departments, 2010–2018 from OSCOUR database
Authors: Gallien Yves , Martin Adrien , Caserio-Schönemann Céline , Le Strat Yann , Thiam Marie Michèle 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesOpioid consumption in France has remained stable over the last 15 years, with much lower levels than in the USA. However, few data are available on patients who consume opioids and their use of the health system. Emergency department (ED) data has never been used as a source to investigate opioid use disorder (OUD) in France.Design/settings/participantsWe used the OSCOUR national surveillance network, collecting daily ED data from 93% of French ED, to select and describe visits and hospitalisations after an OUD-related ED visit between 2010 and 2018 using International Classification of Diseases, version 10 (ICD10) codes. We described the population of interest and used binomial negative regressions to identify factors significantly associated with OUD such as gender, age, administrative region, year of admission and ICD10 codes. We also analysed the related diagnoses.Primary outcome measureTrend in ED visits for an OUD-related ED visit.ResultsWe recorded 34 362 OUD-related visits out of 97 892 863 ED visits (36.1/100 000 visits). OUD-related visits decreased from 39.2/100 000 visits in 2010 to 32.9/100 000 visits in 2018, resulting in an average yearly decrease of 2.1% (95% CI 1.5% to 2.7%) after multivariate analysis. We recorded 15 966 OUD-related hospitalisations out of 20 359 574 hospitalisations after ED visits (78.4/100 000 hospitalisations) with an increase from 74.0/100 000 hospitalisations in 2010 to 81.4/100 000 hospitalisations in 2018. The analysis of related diagnoses demonstrated mostly polydrug abuse in this population.ConclusionsWhile the proportion of OUD visits decreased in the time frame, the hospitalisation proportion increased. The implementation of a nationwide surveillance system for OUD in France using ED visits would provide prompt detection of changes over time.