bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controls on cobalt concentrations in ferromanganese crusts from the Magellan seamounts, west Pacific
Authors: Ren Xiangwen , Hein James R. , Yang Zanzhong , Xing Na , Zhu Aimei 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionCobalt is the most important critical element in ferromanganese crusts. Co concentration in the Fe-Mn crusts is one of the key parameters for determination of the Co resource. Thus, it is essential to clarify the controls on the variations of Co concentration of ferromanganese crusts.MethodsTo clarify the controls on Co concentration of hydrogenetic nonphosphatized ferromanganese crusts, an equation was deduced based on Fick’s First Law: Co(%)=Mn02(%)·Dsw·cswδ·zGR·Ssp, and eight potential controls were gleaned from this equation, including dilution, diffusivity of Co ions in seawater (Dsw), temperature which controls the Dsw, Co ion concentration in seawater (Csw), the diffusion distance of Co ions near the interface of seawater and Fe-Mn crusts (δ), thickness of one molecular layer (z), growth rate (GR), and specific surface area of Fe-Mn crusts (Ssp). To constrain the value of Co ion diffusion gradients (Csw¯/δ) and consequently verify the proposed equation, we determined the Co concentrations, growth rates, and specific surface area of the outermost layer of Fe-Mn crusts, and calculated diffusivity of Co2+.ResultsThe Csw¯/δ for the Fe-Mn crusts from Caiwei seamount (Magellan seamounts) was determined to be 295-496 pM/mm, which are reasonable for the Co ion concentrations and seawater mixing in the deep ocean.DiscussionAccording to the equation established in this study, the trend of decreasing Co concentrations in Fe-Mn crusts with increasing water depth is controlled mainly by dilution and to a lesser extent by seawater Co ion concentration, temperature of seawater, and consequently the diffusivity of Co ions in seawater.
Nurses’ professional quality of life and job satisfaction in Jordan
Authors: Hamdan Khaldoun M. , Allari Rabia S. , Baghdadi Nadiah A. , Andargeery Shaherah Yousef , Haymour Abdullah M. , Sabrah Evan , Shaheen Abeer M. 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundProfessional quality of life has received widespread concern in nursing over the last few years. Nurses with a high professional quality of life enthusiastically approach their work and provide excellent patient care. On the other hand, poor professional quality of life may affect nurses’ quality of care, resulting in job dissatisfaction and jeopardizing patient outcomes.AimTo examine the relationship between the professional quality of life and job satisfaction among registered nurses.MethodA cross-sectional correlational design and convenience sampling were used. Data were collected using the Professional Quality of Life Scale-Health and the Job Satisfaction Survey.ResultsThe mean total score for the nurses’ job satisfaction survey was high 117.47 (SD = 27.26). The nature of work subscale had the highest mean, while the fringe benefits subscale had the lowest. The mean total score for the Professional Quality of Life Scale for Health Workers was moderate 98.41 (SD = 12.15). The Compassion Satisfaction subscale had the highest mean score, while the moral distress subscale had the lowest. There was a statistically significant positive relationship between nurses’ job satisfaction and professional quality of life for health workers.ConclusionNursing supervisors need to be more aware of the variables influencing nurses’ professional quality of life and job to assess the degree of moral distress and satisfaction. Although nurses offer their patients physical, psychological, and spiritual care, their duties and interactions with patients can have a negative impact on them. As a result, nurses will be better equipped to care for patients if they have the assistance and support they need.
Low-density scalp electrical source imaging of the ictal onset zone network using source coherence maps
Authors: Sadeghzadeh Parnia , Freibauer Alexander , RamachandranNair Rajesh , Whitney Robyn , Al Nassar Mutaz , Jain Puneet , Donner Elizabeth , Ochi Ayako , Jones Kevin C. 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThis study investigated low-density scalp electrical source imaging of the ictal onset zone and interictal spike ripple high-frequency oscillation networks using source coherence maps in the pediatric epilepsy surgical workup. Intracranial monitoring, the gold standard for determining epileptogenic zones, has limited spatial sampling. Source coherence analysis presents a promising new non-invasive technique.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of 12 patients who underwent focal resections. Source coherence maps were generated using standardized low-resolution electromagnetic tomography and concordance to resection margins was assessed, noting outcomes at 3 years post-surgery.ResultsIctal source coherence maps were performed in 7/12 patients. Six of seven included the surgical resection. Five of seven cases were seizure free post-resection. Interictal spike ripple electrical source imaging and interictal spike ripple high-frequency oscillation networks using source coherence maps were performed for three cases, with two of three included in the resection and all three were seizure free.DiscussionThese findings may provide proof of principle supporting low-density scalp electrical source imaging of the ictal onset zone and spike ripple network using source coherence maps. This promising method is complementary to ictal and interictal electrical source imaging in the pediatric epilepsy surgical workup, guiding electrode placement for intracranial monitoring to identify the epileptogenic zone.
Catalpol promotes hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in rats after multiple cerebral infarctions by mitochondrial regulation: involvement of the Shh signaling pathway
Authors: Huang Zishan , Li Feng , Zheng Xiaoyu , Zheng Jiarui , Dong Yilei , Ding Zhao , Gou Huanyu , Yao Mingjiang , Liu Jianxun 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionIschemic stroke greatly threatens human life and health. Neuro-restoration is considered to be the critical points in reestablishing neurological function and improving the quality of life of patients. Catalpol is the main active ingredient of the Chinese herbal medicine Dihuang, which has the beneficial efficacy in traditional remedy, is closely related to the mitochondrial morphology and function. In the present study, we investigated whether catalpol has a neurorestorative effect after multiple cerebral infarctions and its underlying mechanisms.MethodsIn this study, male 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were grouped according to neurological deficit scores to minimize differences between groups the second day: sham group, model group, Ginkgo biloba P.E (EGb) (Ginaton:18 mg/kg) group, model + CAT 30 mg/kg group (CAT 30), model + CAT 60 mg/kg group (CAT 60), and model + CAT 120 mg/kg group (CAT 120). From the first day to the fourteenth day after MCI, rats were given the corresponding doses of drugs by gastric administration every day(1 mL/100g), and from day 7 to day 14, all rats were injected with Brdu solution (50 mg/kg) i.p. Neuro-Function was assessed by the neurologic deficit scores. Then we observed measurement of brain atrophy and fluorescent Nissl staining. The expression of BrdU+/DCX+ cells and the BDNF concentrations were tested to observe the neuro-restoration effect. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Western blot (WB) were used to observed synaptogenesis. we observed the restoration of mitochondrial function by detecting the intracortical calcium and T-AOC content. Finally, we examined the protein and mRNA expression of shh signaling pathway through q-PCR and WB.ResultsCatalpol alleviated neurological deficits, reduced the degree of brain atrophy, as well as minimize pathological damage in the hippocampus and cortex. In addition, catalpol also promoted hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptogenesis by improving the mitochondrial structure and promoting mitochondrial function, as evidenced by the up-regulation of positive expression of both Recombinant Doublecortin (DCX) and 5-Bromodeoxyuridinc (BrdU), the enhancement of the Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and the increase in the expression of synapse-associated proteins, Synaptophysin (SYP) and post-synaptic density-95 (PSD-95). Finally, we observed that catalpol up-regulated the expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Glioma-associated homologue-1 (GLI-1), factors related to the Shh signaling pathway.DiscussionIn conclusion, catalpol may regulate mitochondria through activation of the Shh signaling pathway and exert its role in promoting hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptogenesis.
Stigmasterol mitigates estrogen-deficiency-induced osteoporosis through inhibition of phosphorylated p65 and MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Zhao Qiangqiang , Chen Xingling , Mai Bin , Che Feihong , Zhang Zhen , Kang Pan , Hou Chengyu , Lu Lu , Xu Liangliang 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundOsteoporosis is a pervasive bone metabolic disorder characterized by the progressive degeneration of bone microstructure. Osteoclasts are playing a pivotal role in bone remodeling and resorption. Consequently, modulating osteoclast activity, particularly curbing their overactivation, has become a crucial strategy in clinical treatments. Stigmasterol (STG), a plant-derived phytosterol, has shown promise in inhibiting osteoclastic activity, although its precise biological mechanisms require further scientific investigation. Therefore, this study aims to explore the potential mechanisms by which STG inhibits osteoclasts and to further assess its impact on osteoporosis by establishing an Ovariectomy (OVX) model.MethodsInitially, osteoclast differentiation was induced in vitro using RANKL (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Ligand) on RAW 264.7 cells, followed by TRAP staining and F-actin banding to observe the effects of various concentrations of STG during osteoclast differentiation. The osteoclast-specific gene and protein expression changes were further analyzed using Real-Time PCR (qPCR) and Western blot, exploring the RANKL-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. An OVX model was established in vivo to examine changes in bone mass through Micro-CT and Hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining, and to assess osteoclast formation and characteristic protein expression through TRAP staining and Immunohistochemistry staining.ResultsIn vitro experiments revealed that STG significantly inhibited osteoclast activity, as evidenced by reductions in osteoclast numbers and spreading areas, and a marked suppression of F-actin formation. On the molecular level, this compound effectively downregulated key osteoclast markers such as NFATc1, Acp5, c-Fos, and ΜMP9 in both gene and protein expressions. Western blot analysis showed that STG notably inhibited the phosphorylation of the p65 subunit in the NF-κB pathway, thus affecting the pathway’s activity. Further validation through OVX model indicated significant protective effects of STG against bone loss, as demonstrated by Micro-CT. Histopathological staining confirmed STG’s efficacy in reducing bone surface area and volume loss. Additionally, TRAP staining showed significant reductions in osteoclast number and surface area in the STG group compared to the OVX group, underscoring STG’s potential therapeutic role in bone metabolism regulation.ConclusionThe findings reveal that STG effectively inhibits the phosphorylation of the p65 protein in the NF-κB pathway, and influences the MAPK signaling pathway, thereby reducing osteoclast formation and preserving bone mass. These mechanisms provide a crucial molecular basis for its potential therapeutic application in treating osteoporosis.
Inoculation with Micromonospora sp. enhances carbohydrate and amino acid production, strengthening antioxidant metabolism to mitigate heat stress in wheat cultivars
Authors: Hassan Abdelrahim H. A. , Ahmed Enas Shaban , Sheteiwy Mohamed S. , Alhaj Hamoud Yousef , Okla Mohammad K. , AlGarawi Amal Mohamed , Maridueña-Zavala Maria Gabriela , Alaraidh Ibrahim A. , Reyad Ahmed M. , Abdelgawad Hamada 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionHeat stress caused by global warming adversely affects wheat yield through declining most nutritional quality attributes in grains, excluding grain protein content.MethodsThis research investigated the biochemical, physiological, and antioxidant responses of wheat plants under heat stress, focusing on the role of plant growth-promoting bacteria (Micromonospora sp.). Two wheat genotypes were studied: one heat-sensitive and one heat-tolerant, examining their responses to heat stress with and without bacterial inoculation.ResultsUnder heat stress, the sensitive cultivar experienced significant reductions in photosynthesis rate, chlorophyll content, and RuBisCO activity (57-61%), while the tolerant cultivar had milder reductions (24-28%). Micromonospora sp. treatment notably improved these parameters in the sensitive cultivar (+48-78%), resulting in a substantial increase in biomass production (+43-53%), which was not seen in the tolerant cultivar. Additionally, oxidative stress markers (H2O2 and MDA) were elevated more in the sensitive cultivar (82% and 90% higher) compared to the tolerant one. Micromonospora sp. treatment effectively reduced these markers in the sensitive cultivar (-28% and -27%). Enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes and ASC-GSH pathway enzymes was particularly evident in Micromonospora sp.-treated sensitive plants. Carbohydrate metabolism shifted, with increased soluble sugars and significant rises in sucrose content in Micromonospora sp.-treated plants under stress.DiscussionThe higher soluble sugar levels facilitated amino acid synthesis, contributing to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, polyphenols, and anthocyanins. This was reflected in increased activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate (CA) 4-hydroxylase, and chalcone synthase enzymes, indicating the activation of phenylpropanoid pathways. Overall, the findings suggest that Micromonospora sp. can mitigate heat stress effects by enhancing photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant defense, and metabolic adaptations in heat-sensitive wheat cultivars.
Deciphering network dysregulations and temporo-spatial dynamics in disorders of consciousness: insights from minimum spanning tree analysis
Authors: Dai Yangyang , He Qiheng , Wang Shan , Cao Tianqing , Chai Xiaoke , Wang Nan , Dong Yijun , Wong Peiling , He Jianghong , Duan Feng , Yang Yi 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesThe neural mechanism associated with impaired consciousness is not fully clear. We aim to explore the association between static and dynamic minimum spanning tree (MST) characteristics and neural mechanism underlying impaired consciousness.MethodsMSTs were constructed based on full-length functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals and fMRI signal segments within each time window. Global and local measures of static MSTs, as well as spatio-temporal interaction characteristics of dynamic MSTs were investigated.ResultsA disruption or an alteration in the functional connectivity, the decreased average coupling strength and the reorganization of hub nodes were observed in patients with minimally conscious state (MCS) and patients with vegetative state (VS). The analysis of global and local measures quantitatively supported altered static functional connectivity patterns and revealed a slower information transmission efficiency in both patient groups. From a dynamic perspective, the spatial distribution of hub nodes exhibited relative stability over time in both normal and patient populations. The increased temporal variability in multiple brain regions within resting-state networks associated with consciousness was detected in MCS patients and VS patients, especially thalamus. As well, the increased spatial variability in multiple brain regions within these resting-state networks was detected in MCS patients and VS patients. In addition, local measure and spatio-temporal variability analysis indicated that the differences in network structure between two groups of patients were mainly in frontoparietal network and auditory network.ConclusionOur findings suggest that altered static and dynamic MST characteristics may shed some light on neural mechanism underlying impaired consciousness.
Prevalence of children living with non-biological parents and its determinants among children under 18 in Ethiopia: a multi-level mixed effect analysis
Authors: Tekeba Berhan , Zegeye Alebachew Ferede , Tamir Tadesse Tarik 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe absence of a biological parent from a child's existence had a negative impact on the child's growth, socialization, psychological wellbeing, and economic productivity. Developing nations like Ethiopia experience a huge number of orphans and family-unbounded children. But the exact figure has not been reported yet at the national level recently. Thus, this study aimed to assess the magnitudes and determinants of children living with non-biologic parents in Ethiopia.MethodsSecondary data analysis was conducted based on the demographic and health survey data conducted in Ethiopia in 2016. A total weighted sample of 41,884 children under the age of 18 from 5 years preceding the survey was included in this study. A multi-level logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of children living with non-biologic parents. The adjusted odds ratio at 95% Cl was computed to assess the strength and significance of the association between explanatory and outcome variables. Factors with a p &lt; 0.05 are declared statistically significant.ResultsThe prevalence of children living with non-biologic parents in Ethiopia was 17.58% (95% CI, 17.22–17.95). Being an orphan (AOR = 4.57, 95% CI: 2.40–7.25), being in first birth order (AOR = 8.22, 95% CI: 6.31–9.17), being from a household lacking formal family structure (AOR = 8.60, 95% CI: 6.20–12.30), and being from a female-headed household (AOR = 3.43, 95% CI: 2.65–4.43) were individual-level factors that were significantly associated with children living with non-biologic parents. Being a rural resident (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.23–3.08) and having a high community poverty level (AOR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.01–1.75) were community-level determinants of children living with non-biologic parents.ConclusionAccording to this study, a significant proportion of children live with non-biological parents in Ethiopia. Thus, policymakers, health planners, and implementers need to give special attention to children from rural communities, orphans, firstborn children, and broken families. In addition, efforts shall be made to empower women and, in the long run, improve the economy of the community.
Rural patients' satisfaction with humanistic nursing care in Chinese Public Tertiary Hospitals: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Chuang , Wang Ning , Zhang Haixin , Yan Yongguang , Chen Huiling , Jiang Ruxin , Chang Yulan , Zhao Pingfan , Cheng Qiaomei , Song Bing , Guo Shujie 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe provision of high-quality healthcare services and patient satisfaction are fundamental objectives in modern healthcare. Humanistic nursing care, which emphasizes empathy, respect for individuality, and cultural sensitivity, aims to build trust and improve the overall experience for patients. This approach is especially relevant for rural patients in China, who often face additional challenges in accessing care in large tertiary hospitals.MethodsA multistage, stratified sampling method was employed to collect data from 8,263 patients aged 18 years or older in large public tertiary hospitals. Humanistic care satisfaction scores were measured using the Nurse Caring Instrument (NCI) questionnaire, a validated tool for assessing patient satisfaction with nursing care.ResultsSatisfaction with nursing humanistic care among rural Chinese patients attending large tertiary public hospitals was low with the overall mean satisfaction score 81.62 ± 16.85. Significant differences in satisfaction were found based on age, marital status, number of children, educational attainment, occupation, monthly household income, department visited, type of medical insurance, and first-time visitor. A multivariate analysis revealed positive correlations with satisfaction for factors such as having children, higher education, higher family monthly income, and first-time visitor, and negative correlations for factors such as older age, being widowed, department visited, and region.ConclusionOlder adults, widowed individuals, and first-time patients expressed lower levels of satisfaction, highlighting the need for tailored interventions. The findings provide insights into the impact of humanistic nursing care for rural patients and emphasize the importance of culturally sensitive approaches to improve patient satisfaction in rural China. This study has several limitations. The cross-sectional design restricts the ability to establish causal relationships, and there is a potential for selection bias, as participants who completed the survey may have higher educational and economic levels, possibly leading to an overestimation of satisfaction. Lastly, as this study focused on rural patients in large public tertiary hospitals in China, the findings may not be generalizable to other settings or patient groups. Future studies should address these limitations for broader applicability and insight.
Sexual desire for non-normative sexual behaviors: differences between centennials and millennials considering sexual orientation
Authors: Paramio Alberto , Tejeiro Ricardo , Romero-Moreno Antonio , Rusillo-Molina María , Cruces-Montes Serafín 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionNon-normative sexual behaviors were traditionally studied from a psychopathological perspective, although nowadays a distinction is made between paraphilia (nonpathological) and paraphilic disorder (mental disorder).MethodsThe present study aims to examine the differences between a group of millennials (n = 173) and centennials (n = 159) in their appetite for these sexual behaviors without the preconception of these behaviors as harmful or pathological.ResultsDifferences in appetite related to exhibitionism and foot fetishism were found in the first instance, with millennials showing a greater appetite for these. When including sexual orientation in the analysis, in addition to exhibitionism and foot fetishism, differences were found in behaviors related to asphyxiation, bestiality and urophilia. Millennials and homobisexual centennials showed the highest appetite for exhibitionism behaviors, homo-bisexual centennials for choking behaviors and bestiality and homo-bisexual millennials for foot fetishism and urophilia-related behaviors.DiscussionExploring nonnormative behaviors from a non-psychopathological perspective will help us to understand the evolution of sexual appetite as part of human sexual diversity and to prevent risky behaviors.