bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CINeMA: Software for semiautomated assessment of the confidence in the results of network meta‐analysis
Authors: Papakonstantinou Theodoros , Nikolakopoulou Adriani , Higgins Julian P. T. , Egger Matthias , Salanti Georgia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNetwork meta‐analysis (NMA) compares several interventions that are linked in a network of comparative studies and estimates the relative treatment effects between all treatments, using both direct and indirect evidence. NMA is increasingly used for decision making in health care, however, a user‐friendly system to evaluate the confidence that can be placed in the results of NMA is currently lacking. This paper is a tutorial describing the Confidence In Network Meta‐Analysis (CINeMA) web application, which is based on the framework developed by Salanti et al (2014, PLOS One, 9, e99682) and refined by Nikolakopoulou et al (2019, bioRxiv). Six domains that affect the level of confidence in the NMA results are considered: (a) within‐study bias, (b) reporting bias, (c) indirectness, (d) imprecision, (e) heterogeneity, and (f) incoherence. CINeMA is freely available and open‐source and no login is required. In the configuration step users upload their data, produce network plots and define the analysis and effect measure. The dataset should include assessments of study‐level risk of bias and judgments on indirectness. CINeMA calls the netmeta routine in R to estimate relative effects and heterogeneity. Users are then guided through a systematic evaluation of the six domains. In this way reviewers assess the level of concerns for each relative treatment effect from NMA as giving rise to “no concerns,” “some concerns,” or “major concerns” in each of the six domains, which are graphically summarized on the report page for all effect estimates. Finally, judgments across the domains are summarized into a single confidence rating (“high,” “moderate,” “low,” or “very low”). In conclusion, the user‐friendly web‐based CINeMA platform provides a transparent framework to evaluate evidence from systematic reviews with multiple interventions.
Double‐Sheet Vanadium Oxide as a Cathode Material for Calcium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chae Munseok S. , Heo Jongwook W. , Hyoung Jooeun , Hong Seung‐Tae 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCalcium‐ion batteries (CIBs) are theoretically considered one of the potential post‐lithium‐ion battery technologies. However, only a few host materials are known to intercalate Ca ions. Herein, we demonstrate the use of double‐sheet vanadium oxide V2O5 ⋅ 0.63H2O as a high‐performance cathode material for CIBs. The vanadium oxide was synthesized via an electrochemical oxidation process on a graphite foil substrate. The material exhibited a high reversible capacity of 204 mAh g−1 at a 0.1 C rate in an aqueous electrolyte, with an average discharge voltage of 2.76 V vs. Ca/Ca2+, and a capacity retention of 86% after 350 cycles. The reaction mechanism can be described as a combination of diffusion‐controlled intercalation and surface‐limited pseudo‐capacitance reactions. This study provides a new type of Ca host material, motivating further development of new CIB cathode materials.
Photocleavage Synthesis of Hydroxy Group‐Bearing Porous Coordination Polymers
Authors: Wang Ping , Otake Ken‐ichi , Kitagawa Susumu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHydroxy groups (−OH) are versatile functional sites for porous coordination polymers (PCPs) and metal‐organic frameworks. However, because hydroxy groups are incompatible with the synthesis conditions of PCPs, the hydroxy group‐bearing PCP experiences synthesis problems. Herein, we report a photocleavage strategy to quantitatively synthesize non‐interpenetrated PCPs with open 1D channels and free functional sites. These hydroxy groups are aligned on a 6 Å channel surface and are fully available for covalent modification. This photocleavage strategy provides a PCP platform for versatile functionalization.
Ratiometric Single‐Molecule FRET Measurements to Probe Conformational Subpopulations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
Authors: Nasir Irem , Bentley Emily P. , Deniz Ashok A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOver the past few decades, numerous examples have demonstrated that intrinsic disorder in proteins lies at the heart of many vital processes, including transcriptional regulation, stress response, cellular signaling, and most recently protein liquid‐liquid phase separation. The so‐called intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) involved in these processes have presented a challenge to the classic protein “structure‐function paradigm,” as their functions do not necessarily involve well‐defined structures. Understanding the mechanisms of IDP function is likewise challenging because traditional structure determination methods often fail with such proteins or provide little information about the diverse array of structures that can be related to different functions of a single IDP. Single‐molecule fluorescence methods can overcome this ensemble‐average masking, allowing the resolution of subpopulations and dynamics and thus providing invaluable insights into IDPs and their function. In this protocol, we describe a ratiometric single‐molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) routine that permits the investigation of IDP conformational subpopulations and dynamics. We note that this is a basic protocol, and we provide brief information and references for more complex analysis schemes available for in‐depth characterization. This protocol covers optical setup preparation and protein handling and provides insights into experimental design and outcomes, together with background information about theory and a brief discussion of troubleshooting. © 2020 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Basic Protocol: Ratiometric smFRET detection and analysis of IDPsSupport Protocol 1: Fluorophore labeling of a protein through maleimide chemistrySupport Protocol 2: Sample chamber preparationSupport Protocol 3: Determination of direct excitation of acceptor by donor excitation and leakage of donor emission to acceptor emission channel
Generation and Functional Characterization of Monocytes and Macrophages Derived from Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: Cao Xu , van den Hil Francijna E. , Mummery Christine L. , Orlova Valeria V. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMonocytes and macrophages are essential for immune defense and tissue hemostasis. They are also the underlying trigger of many diseases. The availability of robust and short protocols to induce monocytes and macrophages from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) will benefit many applications of immune cells in biomedical research. Here, we describe a protocol to derive and functionally characterize these cells. Large numbers of hiPSC‐derived monocytes (hiPSC‐mono) could be generated in just 15 days. These monocytes were fully functional after cryopreservation and could be polarized to M1 and M2 macrophage subtypes. hiPSC‐derived macrophages (iPSDMs) showed high phagocytotic uptake of bacteria, apoptotic cells, and tumor cells. The protocol was effective across multiple hiPSC lines. In summary, we developed a robust protocol to generate hiPSC‐mono and iPSDMs which showed phenotypic features of macrophages and functional maturity in different bioassays. © 2020 The Authors.Basic Protocol 1: Differentiation of hiPSCs toward monocytesSupport Protocol 1: Isolation and cryopreservation of monocytesSupport Protocol 2: Characterization of monocytesBasic Protocol 2: Differentiation of different subtypes of macrophagesSupport Protocol 3: Characterization of hiPSC‐derived macrophages (iPSDMs)Support Protocol 4: Functional characterization of different subtypes of macrophages
Response of Pseudomonas putida to Complex, Aromatic‐Rich Fractions from Biomass
Authors: Park Mee‐Rye , Chen Yan , Thompson Mitchell , Benites Veronica T. , Fong Bonnie , Petzold Christopher J. , Baidoo Edward E. K. , Gladden John M. , Adams Paul D. , Keasling Jay D. , Simmons Blake A. , Singer Steven W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere is strong interest in the valorization of lignin to produce valuable products; however, its structural complexity has been a conversion bottleneck. Chemical pretreatment liberates lignin‐derived soluble fractions that may be upgraded by bioconversion. Cholinium ionic liquid pretreatment of sorghum produced soluble, aromatic‐rich fractions that were converted by Pseudomonas putida (P. putida), a promising host for aromatic bioconversion. Growth studies and mutational analysis demonstrated that P. putida growth on these fractions was dependent on aromatic monomers but unknown factors also contributed. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses indicated that these unknown factors were amino acids and residual ionic liquid; the oligomeric aromatic fraction derived from lignin was not converted. A cholinium catabolic pathway was identified, and the deletion of the pathway stopped the ability of P. putida to grow on cholinium ionic liquid. This work demonstrates that aromatic‐rich fractions obtained through pretreatment contain multiple substrates; conversion strategies should account for this complexity.
Lymphocytic variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome: A report of seven cases from a single institution
Authors: Hu Zhihong , Wang Wei , Thakral Beenu , Chen Zhining , Estrov Zeev , Bueso‐Ramos Carlos E. , Verstovsek Srdan , Medeiros L Jeffrey , Wang Sa A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundLymphocytic variant of hypereosinophilic syndrome (L‐HES) is a subtype of HES driven by cytokines produced by clonal T‐cells. Due to the rarity of its occurrence and challenges in diagnosis, this subtype of HES is under recognized.Methods and ResultsWe report seven patients with L‐HES, diagnosed from a group of 136 patients who were referred to our institution for the work‐up of hypereosinophilia. The clinical presentation, symptoms and signs were heterogeneous and uncharacteristic; indistinguishable from idiopathic HES. Flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis revealed aberrant T‐cells in all patients, with a Th2 immunophenotype, CD2 + CD3−CD4 + CD5 + CD7dim+/−CD8− in six of seven (86%) cases. CD10 was partially expressed in one of seven (14%) cases, and clonal TCR gene rearrangement was detected by PCR in five of seven (71%) patients. All patients were treated with corticosteroids and two of seven (29%) patients received anti‐IL5 antibody therapy. With a median follow‐up time of 7.5 years (2.3–14.1 years), one (11%) patient developed peripheral T‐cell lymphoma 6.1 years after the initial diagnosis of L‐HES and responded well to chemotherapy. All patients were alive at the last follow‐up.ConclusionIn conclusion, a combination of flow cytometry immunophenotyping and molecular analysis allows the identification of aberrant T‐cells, facilitating a diagnosis of L‐HES in patients with eosinophilia. A correct diagnosis is essential for the proper management of these patients.
RPCP‐MAC: Receiver preambling with channel polling MAC protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks
Authors: Roy Alak , Sarma Nityananda 
Published: March 2020

SummaryTo design a reliable and energy efficient medium access control (MAC) protocol for underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) is an active research area due to its variety of applications. There are many issues associated with underwater acoustic channels including long and variable propagation delay, attenuation, and limited bandwidth which pose significant challenges in the design of MAC protocol. The available sender‐initiated asynchronous preamble‐based MAC protocols for UWSNs are not reliable and energy‐efficient. This is due to the problems caused by transmission of preambles for longer duration and collision of preambles from hidden nodes in sender‐initiated preamble‐based MAC protocols. To resolve these issues, the paper proposed an asynchronous receiver‐initiated preamble‐based MAC protocol named Receiver Preambling with Channel Polling MAC (RPCP‐MAC) protocol for shallow underwater monitoring applications with high data rates. The protocol is proposed to resolve data packet collision and support reliability in an energy‐efficient way without using any transmission schedule. The proposed protocol is based on the following mechanisms. Firstly, receiver preambling mechanism is adopted to reduce idle listening. Secondly, channel polling mechanism is used to determine missing data frame during its sleeping period and to minimize the active time of node and reduces energy wastage. Finally, a back‐off mechanism is applied to resolve collision when preambles are received simultaneously. In addition, performance analysis through Markov chain together with its validation with simulation‐based studies is reported in the paper. Both the analytical and simulation results have demonstrated the reliability achievable with RPCP‐MAC while providing good energy efficiency.
Cytomorphology of glioblastoma metastic to a cervical lymph node diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA): A case report and review of literature
Authors: Gestrich Catherine , Cowden Daniel , Harbhajanka Aparna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGlioblastoma is an aggressive primary central nervous system tumor with a dismal prognosis. However, extracranial metastases are extremely rare. Very few cases have been reported in the literature. We present a case of a 64‐year‐old male with glioblastoma metastatic to a cervical lymph node in which the diagnosis was made on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The cytomorphologic features of glioblastoma are distinct, with pleomorphic cells in loosely cohesive clusters with prominent nucleoli, coarsely clumped chromatin and cellular processes. We suggest that FNAC, along with clinical history, is a cost effective, safe, and diagnostically accurate method of diagnosing glioblastoma metastases. Cell block is also helpful in establishing the diagnosis.
Study on the production law of heavy oil gravity‐drainage‐assisted steam flooding
Authors: Wang Chunsheng , Zhang Lei , Wang Xiaohu , Xi Kexin , Zhang Weisen , Chen Jiaxiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGravity‐drainage‐assisted steam flooding is a new technology to improve the recovery factor after deep penetration in deep super‐heavy oil reservoirs. This study is based on a model of the 60‐H25 test well group in Block 59 in Liaohe Oilfield, China. The numerical model uses the C programming language to analyze the influence of change in the bottom water height on the drainage effect and provides a theoretical basis for physical model experiments and field production. The physical model experiment uses similar principles to describe the production characteristics at different stages in a short cycle. We combine the numerical model and the physical model experiment to analyze the production rule of the Wa59 block over a long time period. The results show that the physical model experiment and the actual production of the block reflect the productivity change law of the well group, the degree of production, and the productivity relationship of the well group over short cycles and long periods, respectively. The comparison showed that the actual production was consistent with the production model of the physical model test, and the drainage effect was verified. The study of gravity‐drainage‐assisted steam flooding provides a reliable basis for the next stage of oilfield production.
A fuzzy‐based multi‐objective robust optimization model for a regional hybrid energy system considering uncertainty
Authors: Song Xueying , Zhao Rui , De Gejirifu , Wu Jing , Shen Huayu , Tan Zhongfu , Liu Jicheng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRegional hybrid energy system (RHES) is an effective way to accommodate clean energy and reduce its uncertainty. It is also an important development direction for energy market reform, playing an important role in the field of energy supply and demand. Based on electricity price, thermal price, and the relationship between load supply and demand, the paper proposes an optimal scheduling model for regional energy systems to promote clean energy consumption. Firstly, the typical structure and system modules of the integrated regional energy system are introduced in detail, and the two subsystem operating models of electricity and heating are given. Secondly, a multi‐objective function that combines the economics and stability of the system is constructed. The model maximizes the economic benefits and minimizes the net load fluctuations on the basis of maximizing the consumption of clean energy. The multi‐objective singularity is realized by fuzzy membership function. The decision‐making risk caused by the uncertainty of clean energy output is analyzed by introducing robust optimization theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed model is verified based on a region in northwestern China. The results show that the proposed multi‐objective model can combine different optimization demands together, maximize the economic characteristics of clean energy while properly controlling risks, and provide reasonable support for decision makers to develop optimal operation plans.
Policy challenges of food advertisements from the viewpoints of Stakeholders: A qualitative study
Authors: Mohammadi‐Nasrabadi Fatemeh , Salmani Yeganeh , Banihashemi Seyed Mohsen , Haghighian Roudsari Arezoo , Zargaraan Azizollaah , Esfarjani Fatemeh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aims to explore the stakeholders’ views and suggestions about the policy challenges of food advertisements. Sixteen semistructured interviews were held with media and the food industry experts. Directed content analysis and constant comparison methods were used to obtained categories until subthemes were extracted, and the results were shared as member checking with the stakeholders. Two categories in two themes and seven subthemes were investigated based on the perspectives of the stakeholders: (a) Creating food advertisements and (b) Regulations and rules of food advertising. Few strict guidelines and rules are governing food advertising in Iran. Some factors influencing the general approach in nutrition policy and particularly the choice of policy options and instruments that can be placed in this area, including economic factors, political leadership, lack of political, and systematic monitoring of food advertising status, will were perceived as powerful constraints in advertising policy. Strong links must be established between all sectors that have a bearing on healthy food (the media, public health community, food industry, and consumers). The research findings seek to offer policy options for both the government and the stakeholders for challenging future policies of food advertising.
Toxoplasma infection induces microglia‐neuron contact and the loss of perisomatic inhibitory synapses
Authors: Carrillo Gabriela L. , Ballard Valerie A. , Glausen Taylor , Boone Zack , Teamer Joseph , Hinkson Cyrus L. , Wohlfert Elizabeth A. , Blader Ira J. , Fox Michael A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInfection and inflammation within the brain induces changes in neuronal connectivity and function. The intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, is one pathogen that infects the brain and can cause encephalitis and seizures. Persistent infection by this parasite is also associated with behavioral alterations and an increased risk for developing psychiatric illness, including schizophrenia. Current evidence from studies in humans and mouse models suggest that both seizures and schizophrenia result from a loss or dysfunction of inhibitory synapses. In line with this, we recently reported that persistent T. gondii infection alters the distribution of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67), an enzyme that catalyzes GABA synthesis in inhibitory synapses. These changes could reflect a redistribution of presynaptic machinery in inhibitory neurons or a loss of inhibitory nerve terminals. To directly assess the latter possibility, we employed serial block face scanning electron microscopy (SBFSEM) and quantified inhibitory perisomatic synapses in neocortex and hippocampus following parasitic infection. Not only did persistent infection lead to a significant loss of perisomatic synapses, it induced the ensheathment of neuronal somata by myeloid‐derived cells. Immunohistochemical, genetic, and ultrastructural analyses revealed that these myeloid‐derived cells included activated microglia. Finally, ultrastructural analysis identified myeloid‐derived cells enveloping perisomatic nerve terminals, suggesting they may actively displace or phagocytose synaptic elements. Thus, these results suggest that activated microglia contribute to perisomatic inhibitory synapse loss following parasitic infection and offer a novel mechanism as to how persistent T. gondii infection may contribute to both seizures and psychiatric illness.
Perceptions of cyber bullying in primary and secondary schools among student teachers in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Authors: Cilliers Liezel , Chinyamurindi Willie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCyber bullying has become a topical issue among school learners in South Africa. However, there is very little guidance for schools on how to deal with cyber bullying from the South African Department of Basic Education. This study investigated the perceptions of cyber bullying in primary and secondary schools among student teachers in the Eastern Cape. The study made use of a quantitative survey approach to collect data from 150 student teachers at a university in the Eastern Cape. The student teachers were representative of all four of the school phases. The results indicated that cyber bullying is a serious issue at the schools but that the topic has not been incorporated into policy or the school curriculum yet. The recommendation of the study is that the South African Department of Basic Education must provide a standardized policy that schools can use to implement and enforce cyber safety behavior in the schools.
Community pharmacist and family medicine clinic provision of chronic care management services for Medicare beneficiaries with uncontrolled hypertension
Authors: Hoehns James D. , Witry Matthew , Al‐Khatib Arwa , O'Brien Emily , Beninga Jenna , Nichols Robert , Greenwood Joe , Hodder Joanna , Roise Adam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionPharmacist‐physician collaboration has shown positive results in improving patient outcomes. Chronic care management (CCM) is a reimbursable service for Medicare beneficiaries in the community setting which includes comprehensive care management and other activities. The pharmacist contribution to CCM services and their associated impact on patient health outcomes has not been fully explored.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to: (a) implement a collaborative CCM service between a community pharmacy and family medicine clinic for their common hypertensive patients; (b) measure blood pressure change for patients receiving the CCM intervention; and (c) report financial viability for the community pharmacy and family practice clinic partnership.MethodsSingle group prospective pilot intervention in an independent community pharmacy and family medicine clinic in a small city in the Midwest United States. Forty‐five patients with uncontrolled hypertension who are patients to both community pharmacy and clinic were recruited, and 26 received CCM interventions in person or over the telephone from the community pharmacists to manage medications for hypertension. Our main outcomes were blood pressure values and financial viability.ResultsTwenty‐six patients received at least one community pharmacist encounter. These patients had an average 7.3 mm Hg decline (P = .006) in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and a 2.4 mm Hg decline (P = .079) in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at 9 months. The total revenue over the study period was $5842. Total revenue for the community pharmacy and clinic was $2785 and $3057, respectively.ConclusionThe community pharmacy/clinic collaboration resulted in improved blood pressure control, a new source of revenue for the community pharmacy, and increased revenue for the clinic. Further research is needed on CCM revenue sharing between physicians and pharmacists to generalize the results.