bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between periodontitis and oral high-risk human papillomavirus infection
Authors: Ali Anna , Lassi Zohra S , Kapellas Kostas , Jamieson Lisa , Rumbold Alice R 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) is increasing globally. Common oral conditions such as periodontitis may contribute. We undertook a meta-analysis to quantify the association between periodontitis, oral HPV and OPSCCs.MethodsMultiple electronic databases were searched until 12 February 2020. Studies conducted in males and/or females aged ≥ 18 years that examined periodontitis, periodontal procedures, oral HPV infection, and where possible, oral cancers, were eligible. Meta-analyses were conducted and the GRADE approach was used to examine the quality of evidence.ResultsOf 2709 studies identified, 13 met the eligibility criteria. Five studies could be included in the meta-analyses. There was no significant increase in the odds of high-risk oral HPV infection among individuals with confirmed periodontitis (odds ratio 4.71, 95% confidence interval 0.57–38.97). Individuals with periodontitis had a 3.65 times higher odds of having any type of oral HPV infection compared with those without periodontitis (95% confidence interval 1.67–8.01). The overall body of evidence was rated as low to very-low certainty.ConclusionMeta-analysis confirms there is a positive association between periodontitis and oral HPV infection, although the overall quality of this evidence is low. Evidence for an association between periodontitis and high-risk oral HPV infection is inconclusive.
Impulsive Consumption and Financial Well-Being: Evidence from an Increase in the Availability of Alcohol
Authors: Ben-David Itzhak , Bos Marieke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The increased availability of alcohol may harm individuals who have present-focused preferences and consume more than initially planned. Using a nationwide experiment in Sweden, we study the credit behavior of low-income households around the expansion of liquor stores’ operating hours on Saturdays. Consistent with store closures serving as commitment devices, the policy led to higher credit demand, more default, increased dependence on welfare, and higher crime on Saturdays. The effects are concentrated on the young population due to higher alcohol consumption combined with tight liquidity constraints. The policy’s impact on indebtedness is estimated at 4.5 times the expenditure on alcohol.
The MIR137 VNTR rs58335419 Is Associated With Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia and Altered Cortical Morphology
Authors: Mahmoudi Ebrahim , Atkins Joshua R , Quidé Yann , Reay William R , Cairns Heath M , Fitzsimmons Chantel , Carr Vaughan J , Green Melissa J , Cairns Murray J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of schizophrenia have strongly implicated a risk locus in close proximity to the gene for miR-137. While there are candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with functional implications for the microRNA’s expression encompassed by the common haplotype tagged by rs1625579, there are likely to be others, such as the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) variant rs58335419, that have no proxy on the SNP genotyping platforms used in GWAS to date. Using whole-genome sequencing data from schizophrenia patients (n = 299) and healthy controls (n = 131), we observed that the MIR137 4-repeats VNTR (VNTR4) variant was enriched in a cognitive deficit subtype of schizophrenia and associated with altered brain morphology, including thicker left inferior temporal gyrus and deeper right postcentral sulcus. These findings suggest that the MIR137 VNTR4 may impact neuroanatomical development that may, in turn, influence the expression of more severe cognitive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.
Do Unremitted Psychotic Symptoms Have an Effect on the Brain? A 2-Year Follow-up Imaging Study in First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: Lepage Martin , Makowski Carolina , Bodnar Michael , Chakravarty M Mallar , Joober Ridha , Malla Ashok K 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
To examine whether the duration of unremitted psychotic symptoms after the onset of a first episode of psychosis (FEP) is associated with cortical thickness and hippocampal volume, as well as structural covariance of these measures.

Method
Longitudinal MRI scans were obtained for 80 FEP patients shortly after entry to FEP clinic (baseline), and then 12 months and 24 months later. The proportion of time patients experienced unremitted positive symptoms for 2 interscan intervals (baseline to 12 mo, 12 mo to 24 mo) was calculated. Changes in cortical thickness and hippocampal volumes were calculated for each interscan interval and associated with duration of unremitted psychotic symptoms. Significant regions were then used in seed-based structural covariance analyses to examine the effect of unremitted psychotic symptoms on brain structural organization. Importantly, analyses controlled for antipsychotic medication.

Results
Cortical thinning within the left medial/orbitofrontal prefrontal cortex and superior temporal gyrus were significantly associated with the duration of unremitted psychotic symptoms during the first interscan interval (ie, baseline to 12 mo). Further, changes in cortical thickness within the left medial/orbitofrontal cortex positively covaried with changes in thickness in the left dorsal and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex during this period. No associations were observed during the second interscan interval, nor with hippocampal volumes.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that cortical thickness change can be observed shortly after an FEP, and these changes are proportionally related to the percentage of time spent with unremitted psychotic symptoms. Altered structural covariance in the prefrontal cortex suggests that unremitted psychotic symptoms may underlie reorganization in higher-order cortical regions.
Role for Anti-Cytokine Therapies in Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Buckley Leo F. , Wohlford George F. , Ting Clara , Alahmed Abdullah , Van Tassell Benjamin W. , Abbate Antonio , Devlin John W. , Libby Peter 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
The causative agent for coronavirus disease 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, appears exceptional in its virulence and immunopathology. In some patients, the resulting hyperinflammation resembles a cytokine release syndrome. Our knowledge of the immunopathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 is evolving and anti-cytokine therapies are under active investigation. This narrative review summarizes existing knowledge of the immune response to coronavirus infection and highlights the current and potential future roles of therapeutic strategies to combat the hyperinflammatory response of patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Data Sources:
Relevant and up-to-date literature, media reports, and author experiences were included from Medline, national newspapers, and public clinical trial databases.

Study Selection:
The authors selected studies for inclusion by consensus.

Data Extraction:
The authors reviewed each study and selected approrpriate data for inclusion through consensus.

Data Synthesis:
Hyperinflammation, reminiscent of cytokine release syndromes such as macrophage activation syndrome and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, appears to drive outcomes among adults with severe coronavirus disease 2019. Cytokines, particularly interleukin-1 and interleukin-6, appear to contribute importantly to such systemic hyperinflammation. Ongoing clinical trials will determine the efficacy and safety of anti-cytokine therapies in coronavirus disease 2019. In the interim, anti-cytokine therapies may provide a treatment option for adults with severe coronavirus disease 2019 unresponsive to standard critical care management, including ventilation.

Conclusions:
This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the immunopathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 in adults and proposes treatment considerations for anti-cytokine therapy use in adults with severe disease.
It's not that mesh, is it? What providers should know about the transvaginal mesh controversy
Authors: Hudson Patricia L. , DeAndrade Samantha P. , Weinstein Milena M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration recent ban on surgical mesh intended for the transvaginal repair of pelvic organ prolapse has called into question the safety of surgical mesh implants in general. As the media firestorm around vaginal mesh kits has continued to grow, important details about the specific type of mesh involved have been lost in the public discourse surrounding the controversy. This has left healthcare providers across the nation in the difficult position of addressing patient anxieties about the use of mesh in gynecologic surgery. This review seeks to educate women's health providers on the historical background and various uses of the different types of mesh in gynecologic surgery.
Migraine and menopause - a narrative review
Authors: Bernstein Carolyn , O’Neal Mary A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Importance and objectives:
This narrative review addresses common clinical questions and concerns of both physicians and patients about migraine during and after the perimenopausal transition, specifically (1) How does the perimenopausal transition affect migraine prevalence and does this vary by migraine type? (2) Does the magnitude of stroke risk associated with migraine increase with hormone therapy (HT)?, and (3) What are best practices as regards migraine treatment in perimenopausal women?

Methods:
We searched PubMed from 2010 through the present. Search terms included migraine, menopause, and HT. Articles were included if they were in English and had full text availability. In addition, key references identified in the search articles were included.

Discussion and conclusion:
Many women are informed that their migraines will disappear postmenopause; there are some data to support this, but a specific time frame has not been evidenced. Stroke risk in women with migraine with aura is small in absolute terms, but important at the population level, because migraine is so prevalent. The risk becomes clinically important in the context of additional stroke risk factors, which increase with aging such as hypertension. Estrogen in combined hormonal contraception increases the risk of an ischemic stroke, however, the lower amount of estrogen in HT may not contribute to a meaningful increase in stroke risk. HT is a preventative sex-specific treatment for female migraineurs for the menopausal transition. Sex differences for other conventional treatments outside their use in menstrual and menstrually related migraine have not been studied specifically in the menopausal transition.

Video Summary:

http://links.lww.com/MENO/A636.
A Pathophysiological Perspective on the SARS‐CoV‐2 Coagulopathy
Authors: Kusadasi Nuray , Sikma Maaike , Huisman Albert , Westerink Jan , Maas Coen , Schutgens Roger 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecent evidence is focusing on the presence of a hypercoagulable state with development of both venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. The ongoing activation of coagulation related to the severity of the illness is further characterized by thrombotic microangiopathy and endotheliitis. These microangiopathic changes cannot be classified as classical disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). In this short review we describe the interaction between coagulation and inflammation with focus on the possible mechanisms that might be involved in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection associated coagulopathy in the critically ill.
Impact of dexamethasone intraocular suspension 9% on intraocular pressure after routine cataract surgery: post hoc analysis
Authors: Matossian Cynthia , Hovanesian John , Bacharach Jason , Paggiarino Dario , Patel Keyur 
Published: August 2020

Purpose:
To characterize intraocular pressure (IOP) response after treatment with dexamethasone intraocular suspension 9% vs placebo (vehicle) injection or topical prednisolone acetate 1% and to identify factors associated with increased IOP after cataract surgery.

Setting:
Data were pooled from two multicenter phase 3 clinical trials of patients undergoing routine cataract surgery.

Design:
Randomized, double-blind study and open-label study.

Methods:
Subjects were randomized to treatment with dexamethasone intraocular suspension or placebo in the double-blind study 1 and to dexamethasone intraocular suspension or topical prednisolone acetate in the open-label study 2. Subjects who experienced 10 mm Hg or greater, 15 mm Hg or greater, or 20 mm Hg or greater postoperative IOP increase from baseline were stratified by baseline IOP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models of patient variables were applied to identify independent risk factors predictive of IOP elevation of 10 mm Hg or greater or 15 mm Hg or greater.

Results:
The study comprised 414 subjects. Dexamethasone intraocular suspension was associated with a slightly higher mean IOP at the first postoperative visit vs prednisolone (P < .05); however, mean IOP was not statistically different between the 2 groups by postoperative day 8 (P = .5006) or thereafter. Univariate analysis showed that both prednisolone and dexamethasone intraocular suspension increased risk for postoperative IOP elevation compared with placebo; however, there was no statistically significant increased risk with dexamethasone intraocular suspension vs prednisolone. Aside from antiinflammatory treatment, risk factors for postoperative IOP elevation by univariate and multivariate analyses were higher baseline IOP, high myopia, and, when defining IOP increase as 15 mm Hg or greater from baseline, male sex.

Conclusions:
Dexamethasone intraocular suspension was associated with IOP elevation patterns comparable with topical prednisolone. High myopia, higher baseline IOP, and male sex were significant predictors of postoperative IOP elevation in this cohort.
Single subconjunctival injection formulation using sol-gel mesoporous silica as a controlled release system for drop-free post-cataract surgery care
Authors: Sun Yaoyao , Huffman Kristyn , Freeman William R. , Cheng Lingyun 
Published: August 2020

Purpose:
To develop a mesoporous silica drug delivery system and target drop-free care after cataract surgery with a single subconjunctival injection.

Setting:
Laboratory.

Design:
Experimental animal study.

Methods:
Ketorolac was infiltration-loaded into sol-gel mesoporous silica particles encapsulated with poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) using a layer-by-layer adsorption technique (SG-Ket-LBL). The formulation was subjected to an in vitro and in vivo drug release study in addition to ocular toxicology evaluation.

Results:
Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the drug loading efficiency was 4.4% for the SG-Ket-LBL particles. The in vivo safety study demonstrated that the formulation was well tolerated after subconjunctival injection and aqueous humor pharmacokinetics showed sustained therapeutic drug release for the targeted time window of 6 to 8 weeks.

Conclusions:
Findings indicated that sol-gel mesoporous silica could be used as a drug carrier for subconjunctival administration. The tested formulation, SG-Ket-LBL, provided therapeutic ketorolac for 6 to 8 weeks, which might be used for a single subconjunctival injection to replace nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug eyedrops after cataract surgery.
Explantation/exchange of the components of a new fluid-filled, modular, accommodating IOL
Authors: Kennedy Sean , Werner Liliana , Bontu Sneha , Jiang Bill , Kamae Kai , Ellis Nathan , Brady Daniel G. , Mamalis Nick 
Published: August 2020

Purpose:
To evaluate the ease of replacement and capsular stability of a new fluid-filled, modular, accommodating intraocular lens (IOL) system composed of a monofocal base lens with a fluid lens clipped inside of it.

Setting:
John A. Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.

Design:
Experimental study.

Methods:
Five New Zealand rabbits underwent bilateral phacoemulsification with implantation of the test lens (Juvene, LensGen, Inc.) in both eyes (4 rabbits), or a control IOL in 1 eye (AcrySof, Alcon Laboratories, Inc.) and the test IOL in the other (1 rabbit). At 2 weeks, the 4 rabbits with bilateral Juvene IOLs had the clipped-in fluid lens exchanged for a new fluid lens in 1 eye, and the base and fluid lenses exchanged for a control lens in the contralateral eye. Slitlamp examinations were performed weekly for 4 weeks. The globes were enucleated and evaluated with ultrasound biomicroscopy, grossly from the posterior Miyake-Apple view, and histopathologically.

Results:
Explantation/exchange of the fluid lens was considered straightforward by the surgeon. Explantation of the base lens (4) was also safely performed, albeit more demanding, without any signs of damage to the capsular bag under clinical, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and pathological examination in the exchanged eyes. Less capsular bag opacification was observed with the Juvene lens system.

Conclusions:
Explantation/exchange of the fluid lens component, or both fluid and base lenses, of this new lens system can be safely accomplished if necessary, because of its modular design and the relative lack of postoperative capsular bag opacification associated with it.
Comparison of 2 swept-source optical coherence tomography–based biometry devices
Authors: Fişuş Andreea D. , Hirnschall Nino D. , Findl Oliver 
Published: August 2020

Purpose:
To compare 2 swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometers, IOLMaster 700 (biometer A), and ANTERION (biometer B).

Setting:
Department of Ophthalmology, Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria.

Design:
Retrospective study.

Method:
Biometric measurements of cataract patients performed between June and July 2019 were reviewed. Patients scheduled for cataract surgery were measured with both SS-OCT devices on the same day. The following biometry parameters were compared: keratometry, central corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and axial length (AL).

Result:
In total, 389 eyes of 209 subjects were measured with both devices. The mean absolute difference between the keratometry data of the 2 devices was 0.04 ± 0.05 mm (7.80 ± 0.26 mm for biometer A and 7.82 ± 0.26 mm for biometer B; P < .0001) for the steep keratometry readings and 0.04 ± 0.04 mm (7.63 ± 0.26 mm and 7.65 ± 0.25 mm; P < .0001) for the flat keratometry readings. For ACD and LT, the mean absolute difference was 0.07 ± 0.04 mm and 0.07 ± 0.04 mm. The mean absolute difference for AL was 0.02 ± 0.03 mm (23.55 ± 1.18 mm for biometer A and 23.54 ± 1.18 mm for biometer B; P < .0001).

Conclusions:
Good agreement was found between the 2 devices, with a minor offset for ACD and LT measurements. Although differences were found to be small, the devices should not be used interchangeably.
Implementing a Heart Failure Transition Program to Reduce 30-Day Readmissions
Authors: Hinch Barbara K. , Staffileno Beth A. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Thirty-day readmissions for heart failure (HF) patients are often considered avoidable and linked to inadequate treatment and poor coordination of services and discharge plans.

Problem:
Lack of coordinated transitional care services and high 30-day readmissions prompted the interdisciplinary team to develop an HF Transition Program (HFTP).

Methods:
This quality improvement initiative used monthly trend data before and after HFTP implementation.

Interventions:
The American Heart Association Guidelines for HF Transitions served as a framework for developing the HFTP.

Results:
Over an 11-month period, 466 patients were enrolled into the HFTP, resulting in 18.2% (n = 82/450) 30-day cumulative readmission rate that is lower than the 21.9% national average. Sixteen patients did not code for HF after discharge. Heart Failure Transition Program calls to patients and families within the first week home were consistently high at 92.3% (430/466).

Conclusions:
These data show that care coordination and transitional care are important strategies to decrease 30-day HF readmissions.
Continuous Cloud-Based Early Warning Score Surveillance to Improve the Safety of Acutely Ill Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Morgan Christopher K. , Amspoker Amber B. , Howard Christopher , Razjouyan Javad , Siddique Muhammad , D'Avignon Seanna , Rosen Tracey , Herlihy James P. , Naik Aanand D. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
This study sought to evaluate the impact of changes made to the process of continually screening hospitalized patients for decompensation.

Methods:
Patients admitted to hospital wards were screened using a cloud-based early warning score (modified National Early Warning Score [mNEWS]). Patient with mNEWS ≥7 triggered a structured response. Outcomes of this quality improvement study during the intervention period from February through August 2018 (1741 patients) were compared with a control population (1,610 patients) during the same months of 2017.

Results:
The intervention group improved the time to the first lactate order within 24 hours of mNEWS ≥7 (p < .001), the primary outcome, compared with the control group. There was no significant improvement in time to intensive care unit (ICU) transfer, ICU length of stay (LOS), or hospital mortality. Among patients with a lactate ordered within 24 hours, there was a 47% reduction of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio 0.53, 95% confidence interval 0.3–0.89, p = .02) and a 4.7 day reduction in hospital LOS (p < .001) for intervention versus control cohorts.

Conclusions:
Cloud-based electronic surveillance can result in earlier detection of clinical decompensation. This intervention resulted in lower hospital LOS and mortality among patients with early detection of and intervention for clinical decompensation.
Nurse Burnout Predicts Self-Reported Medication Administration Errors in Acute Care Hospitals
Authors: Montgomery Aoyjai P. , Azuero Andres , Baernholdt Marianne , Loan Lori A. , Miltner Rebecca S. , Qu Haiyan , Raju Dheeraj , Patrician Patricia A. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Every one out of 10 nurses reported suffering from high levels of burnout worldwide. It is unclear if burnout affects job performance, and in turn, impairs patient safety, including medication safety. The purpose of this study is to determine whether nurse burnout predicts self-reported medication administration errors (MAEs).

Methods:
A cross-sectional study using electronic surveys was conducted from July 2018 through January 2019, using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory. Staff registered nurses (N = 928) in acute care Alabama hospitals (N = 42) were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, correlational, and multilevel mixed-modeling analyses were examined.

Results:
All burnout dimensions (Personal, Work-related, and Client-related Burnout) were significantly correlated with age (r = −0.17 to −0.21), years in nursing (r = −0.10 to −0.17), years of hospital work (r = −0.07 to −0.10), and work environment (r = −0.24 to −0.57). The average number of self-reported MAEs in the last 3 months was 2.13. Each burnout dimension was a statistically significant predictor of self-reported MAEs (p < .05).

Conclusions:
Nurse burnout is a significant factor in predicting MAEs. This study provides important baseline data for actionable interventions to improve nursing care delivery, and ultimately health care, for Alabamians.