bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doing Our Part to Conserve Resources
Authors: Wilson Jacob M. , Schwartz Andrew M. , Farley Kevin X. , Devito Dennis P. , Fletcher Nicholas D. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP) of supracondylar humeral fractures is one of the most common procedures performed in pediatric orthopaedics. The use of full, standard preparation and draping with standard personal protective equipment (PPE) may not be necessary during this procedure. This is of particular interest in the current climate as we face unprecedented PPE shortages due to the current COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
This is a retrospective chart review of 1,270 patients treated with CRPP of a supracondylar humeral fracture at 2 metropolitan pediatric centers by 10 fellowship-trained pediatric orthopaedic surgeons. One surgeon in the group did not wear a mask when performing CRPP of supracondylar humeral fractures, and multiple surgeons in the group utilized a semisterile preparation technique (no sterile gown or drapes). Infectious outcomes were compared between 2 groups: full sterile preparation and semisterile preparation. We additionally analyzed a subgroup of patients who had semisterile preparation without surgeon mask use. Hospital cost data were used to estimate annual cost savings with the adoption of the semisterile technique.

Results:
In this study, 1,270 patients who underwent CRPP of a supracondylar humeral fracture and met inclusion criteria were identified. There were 3 deep infections (0.24%). These infections all occurred in the group using full sterile preparation and surgical masks. No clinically relevant pin-track infections were noted. There were no known surgeon occupational exposures to bodily fluid. It is estimated that national adoption of this technique in the United States could save between 18,612 and 22,162 gowns and masks with costs savings of $3.7 million to $4.4 million annually.

Conclusions:
We currently face critical shortages of PPE due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data from this large series suggest that a semisterile technique during CRPP of supracondylar humeral fractures is a safe practice. We anticipate that this could preserve approximately 20,000 gowns and masks in the United States over the next year. Physicians are encouraged to reevaluate their daily practice to identify safe opportunities for resource preservation.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Arthroscopic Treatment of a Large Mass of the Medial Side of the Leg Caused by Distal Extension of a Meniscal Cyst
Authors: Ganokroj Phob , Lertwanich Pisit , Chandhanayingyong Chandhanarat , Keyurapan Ekavit , Vanadurongwan Bavornrat 
Published: May 2020

Case:We report a 39-year-old man who presented with a painful mass that had been growing over the anteromedial aspect of his left leg for 2 years and was recurrent after an open excisional biopsy. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a lobulated cyst that extended from the medial meniscus. Arthroscopic cyst decompression, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, partial meniscectomy, and repair of the meniscotibial capsule were performed. There was no recurrence during the 1-year follow-up.Conclusions:Arthroscopic cyst decompression and repair of the posterior meniscotibial capsule is a good and safe alternative procedure for the treatment of large-sized meniscal cysts with distal extensions.
Accent and Ugandan Students’ Comprehension of Mathematical Concepts and Terms: An Experimental Study
Authors: Kemeza Imelda , Balimuttajjo Sudi , Sarvate Dinesh G 
Published: May 2020

The embrace of diversity and multiculturalism in education facilitates the broadening of students’ experiences as they engage with teachers and classmates from backgrounds different than their own. However, while the positive effects of diversity on students are apparent, few studies have examined possible negative challenges that diversity might have on students. Where most subject matter is taught via classroom lectures and the lecture material is presented by a speaker with a different accent than the student is used to hearing, does it make the material harder for the student to understand? On the other hand, could it increase the focus and engagement required by the students in the classroom, and in the process increase their understanding? In this vein, our research sought understand whether students’ learning of the subject matter hindered when they are taught material by a teacher with a different accent. To this end, we designed a simple experiment with a small group of undergraduate students in Uganda, to address this question, the result of which we present in this study.
The Use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and their Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cardiovascular Disease Treatment
Authors: Khoei Saeideh Gholamzadeh , Dermani Fateme Karimi , Malih Sara , Fayazi Nashmin , Sheykhhasan Mohsen 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including disorders of cardiac muscle and
vascular, is the major cause of death globally. Many unsuccessful attempts have been made to intervene
in the disease's pathogenesis and treatment. Stem cell-based therapies, as a regeneration strategy, cast a
new hope for CVD treatment. One of the most well-known stem cells is mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs), classified as one of the adult stem cells and can be obtained from different tissues. These cells
have superior properties, such as proliferation and highly specialized differentiation. On the other hand,
they have the potential to modulate the immune system and anti-inflammatory activity. One of their most
important features is the secreting the extracellular vesicles (EVs) like exosomes (EXOs) as an intercellular
communication system mediating the different physiological and pathophysiological affairs.

Methods:
In this review study, the importance of MSC and its secretory exosomes for the treatment of
heart disease has been together and specifically addressed and the use of these promising natural and
accessible agents is predicted to replace the current treatment modalities even faster than we imagine.

Results:
MSC derived EXOs by providing a pro-regenerative condition allowing innate stem cells to
repair damaged tissues successfully. As a result, MSCs are considered as the appropriate cellular source
in regenerative medicine. In the plethora of experiments, MSCs and MSC-EXOs have been used for the
treatment and regeneration of heart diseases and myocardial lesions.

Conclusions:
Administration of MSCs has been provided a replacement therapeutic option for heart
regeneration, obtaining great attention among the basic researcher and the medical doctors.
Tools for Risk Management of Technical Facilities Operation
Authors: Prochazkova Dana , Prochazka Jan 
Published: May 2020

The article shows the results of research directed to detection of technical facilities accidents and failures sources at their operation. The research aim is to create the effective tools for management of risks so the coexistence of technical facilities with their vicinity would be ensured throughout their life cycles. The problems solution way is based on the simultaneously preferred concept, in which the safety is preferred over the reliability. Respecting the present knowledge on technical facilities´ safety and the lessons learned from the past technical facilities accidents and failures, the causes of which were connected with their operation, two tools are developed: Decision Support System and Risk Management Plan that were reviewed by experts and tested in practice.
Potensi Krim Ekstrak Daun Johar (Cassia siame) Menghambat Pertumbuhan Candida albicans
Authors: Daeng Pine Andi Tenriugi , Azis Arief , Darmawan Ika Riski 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi krim ekstrak daun johar untuk menghambat pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ekperimental. Daun johar (Cassia siamea Lamk.) diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi mengunakan pelarut etanol 96% kemudian diformulasi dalam bentuk sediaan krim dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 5%b/b dan 10%b/b. Sediaan krim tersebut kemudian diuji kemampuan daya hambatnya terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans dengan metode sumuran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan krim ekstrak daun johar (Cassia siamea Lamk.) konsentrasi 10%b/b memiliki diameter zona hambat terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans sebesar 22,5 mm. Daya hambat dari krim ekstrak daun johar konsentrasi 10%b/b termasuk kategori sangat kuat.
A14D
Authors: Oluwasanmi Mayowa 
Published: May 2020

In the forefront of the fourth industrial revolution is Artificial intelligence, better known as “AI.” As a frontier technology, AI is implementing deep and far-reaching changes into the way we work, play and live. These tools present numerous opportunities in solving issues of international development. Yet in spite of its infallible potential, the negative repercussions of AI driven change have become abundantly clear. These consequences will only be exacerbated in the Global South where there is a greater tendency for weak institutional capacity and governance. AI has the potential to threaten employment, human rights, democratic process and worsen economic dependency. The very nature of these tools--the ability to codify and reproduce patterns--must be met with responsible, ethical actors who ensure developmental goals will be met. Is AI4D the answer? This paper will illustrate the opportunities and risks of AI-driven development. I argue that technology can no longer be considered an inherent equalizer, and that the responsibility for fairness in the digital world must be championed by the international community. Finally, I will present possible steps policymakers can take to ensure true development in our data-driven future.
Studying the relationship of Nosocomial infection to the age, gender and educational level of the patient
Authors: Mohammed Ali1 Shaimaa Abd , M. Raoof Waad , O. Mohammed Ali Khalid 
Published: May 2020

A total of 140 samples were collected from patients staying at Tikrit Teaching Hospital for three days or more in order to identify the most common bacterial isolates within the infections acquired from Tikrit Teaching Hospital and its relation to the age, gender and educational level of the patient. The samples included 75 urine samples, 28 stool samples, 28 wound swabs, and 9 sputum samples. The percentage of nosocomial infections was (45.7%), where the highest percentage were among UTIs (50.7%) from the total of (75) samples, followed by wound infections (42.9%) from the total of (28) samples, gastrointestinal infections (39.3%) from the total of (28) samples, and pneumonic infections (33.3%) from the total of (9) samples. It was noticed that hospital infections were more common in females, age group (51-89) years followed by the age group (5 years and less), and the uneducated (illiterate) where the number of hospital infected patients was 47 uneducated (illiterate) patients with 71.2%, while the number of educated patients was 19 patients with 28.8%. Various bacterial species were isolated in this study, including Citrobacter.koseri, E.coli, Staphylococcus schleiferi, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella ozaenae, Klebsiella ornithindytica, Enterobacter aerogenes, Providencia stuartii, Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Prov. rettgeri, Staph. flexneri, Prov.alcalifaciens and K.pneumoniae.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.006
Detection of infection by rubella and cytomegalovirus among women exposed to abortion in Ninavah province
Authors: Nafi Mahmood1 Mahmood , Younis Shareef2 Adeeba 
Published: May 2020

The study aims to correlate infection with rubella, cytomegalovirus and abortion at different age groups.
Blood samples were collected through the period between beginning of February to the end of September 2017, one hundred and twenty-seven women exposed to abortion and thirty apparently health controls. Serum samples were tested for IgM and IgG antibodies for rubella and cytomegalovirus.
The results showed that CMV was the most common infection with high level of IgM antibodies (15.7%) and IgG (12.5%), only 0.7% of the cases gave positive results for rubella IgM, and 6.2% had rubella IgG while the control group only 6.6% had CMV IgM, and 3.3% had CMV IgG antibody. All the age groups did not show infection with rubella except age 25-31 years as 2.1% and 8.5% had IgM and IgG respectively. The highest rate of infection with CMV was at age group 25-31 years (21.2%) then age group 18-24 years (13.7%). Most of the patients experienced two abortions were reported at age group 25-31 years, 1.5% and 4.7% of CMV infected patient experienced 3 and 2 respectively while 1.5% of rubella infected patients had only one abortion, 18.1% of the patients with CMV experienced 2 abortions had cut off >1.25. Hundred % of the patients with rubella had cut off value of > 1.25 experienced one abortions.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.008
The Othogonality of Martingale in Birkhoff’s sense and others
Authors: Jumaa Suha , Ibrahim H.H. 
Published: May 2020

Orthogonality is one of an important the concepts in Mathematics , therefor it will be discussed in this paper, the orthogonality of martingale according to Birkhoff ’s, Roberts’s, Singer’s, Carlsson’s sense for orthogonality and the conditions that are needed to have orthogonality

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.019
On fixed point theorem in complete quasi-metric space under F-contraction mapping
Authors: Abdul-Jabbar Rifaat Saad 
Published: May 2020

In this paper, a fixed point theorem under F-contraction mapping was considered and proved in complete quasi-metric space. This theorem was considered by Piri and Kumam in [1].
Subject Classification : 30C45; 30C10; 47B38

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.037
WES-2-Absorbing Submodules and WEQ-2-Absorbing Submodules
Authors: Hussein1 Wissam A. , Mohammad Ali2 Haibat K. 
Published: May 2020

In this research, we introduced and studied, the concepts of WES-2-absorbing submodules and WEQ-2-absorbing submodules as a stronger form of the concepts of weakly semi-2-absorbing submodules and weakly quasi-2-absorbing submodules respectively, and give their basic properties, examples and characterizations. On the otherhand, we studied the relationships among these concepts. Furthermore, we studied the behavior of these concepts in some classes of modules.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.040
Effect of Inhibin-B hormone and its relationship with a number of sex hormones in men with Azoospermia
Authors: Abdullah ali Alaa , Abdulhadi Omear1 Hadeel , Anwar alobaydi2 Mazin 
Published: May 2020

Inhibin-B is produced by sertoli cells and acts as a negative feedback mechanism of follicular stimulation hormone (FSH). In order to evaluate the effect of Inhibin-B in men with Azoospermia, the study measured the concentrations of the following hormones: Inhibin-B, FSH, Luteinizing Hormone Prolactin (PRL), (LH) and Testosterone (Testo). Serum for 30 normal men semen and 50 men with Azoespermia (zero sperm count in sperm). The mean concentration of the hormone Inhibin-B in patients with Azoospermia was (135.7 ±87.6) pg/ml, while in normal men (175.6 ±47.9) Pg / ml with a significant value of the group of healthy patients at a significant level (p≤0.01). The mean serum FSH concentration in patients was (13.7 ± 12.27) lU / L whereas in normal men (4.1 ± 2.84) lU / L, the relationship was significant between patients and healthy at a significant level (P≤0.01) the correlation with the Inhibin-B hormone is reversible relationship. The mean concentration of LH in patients was (12.8±11.87) IU/L and in the healthy (7.9±5.57) IU/L and the relationship between them was significant (P≤0.05) and the correlation with the Inhibin-B hormone is positive relationship. The mean concentration of the Testosterone In the patients was (2.37 ± 1.22) IU / L and in the healthy (5.1 ± 1.96) IU/ L, the relationship was of significant value at P≤0.01 and the correlation with the Inhibin-B hormone is positive relationship, and there is a difference in the mean concentration of PRL between the patients and the healthy where it reaches (8.88 ±5.16) IU / L in patients and (8.03 ± 4.2) IU / L in the healthy. where the relationship was non-significant value between both patients and healthy and the correlation with the Inhibin-B hormone is positive relationship .

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.042
Estimation of Nitric Oxide, Malondialdehyde, and Adenosine Deaminase in Serum of Hypertensive Patients and Normotensive Individuals in Erbil City
Authors: I. Ibrahim1 Gulzar , M. Abdulkareem2 Saman , M. Hasan1 Lutfiya 
Published: May 2020

This study was aimed to estimate nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the serum of hypertensive patients. Fifty patients (25 males and 25 females) age 40-70 diagnosed with hypertension involved in the study. Fifty healthy individuals, who had no hypertension in the last year, were identified as the control group. NO, MDA and ADA have performed accordingly. MDA was higher with aging and gender in hypertensive patients. Serum level of MDA was higher in females compared with male due to oxidative stress more in female than a male with aging. ADA was higher among hypertensive with aging, though no significant differences among gender. Serum level of NO was lower with aging with no significant differences among gender.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.043
A Study of the thermodynamic parameters (functions) of complexes formation of Sulfanilamid with metal ions and DL-Alanine by potentiometric method
Authors: Abaas Gaasm Luma 
Published: May 2020

The current study deals with the preparation of disulfonalmide complexes composed of the sulfanilamid drug , the salt of chromium(III) and the trisulfonalmide complexes composed of the sulfonalmide drug , the metal salt and the amino acid (alanin), as well as study in the stability constant of each complex and making a comparison between them . The obtained results show that the tricomplex stability constant is higher than the dicomplex stability constant due to the existence of the amino acid in the tricomplex which makes greater stereo structure and eventually easier interaction. Besides the thermodynamic functions in this experiment have been studed since they cause a chemical spontaneous reaction and a random arrangement in system

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.048
Nuclear energy levels in 58Ni
Authors: Majeed1 Firas Zuhair , Battawy2 , Ammar A. , A. Ahmed2 Muhanned 
Published: May 2020

Energy levels, total angular momenta and parity for two nucleons that present outside closed core 56Ni (Nickel) which occupied FP nuclear shell have been calculated using nuclear shell model application. We have used FP M3YE interaction to calculate energy levels of 58Ni, in addition, the results are compared with experimental data, modified surface delta interaction (MSDI), Reid's potential (RP) and non-zero pairing shell model (NZPSM).
Harmonic Oscillator potential is used to generate single particle wave functions in FP shell and considering as an inert core.
Oxford Buenos Aires Shell Model (OXBASH) code for nuclear shell model calculation has been utilized to carry out the calculations and comparison with experimental data had been done.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.054
Estimation the levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha patients with diabetic type 2 in Tikrit city
Authors: Majeed1 Muhannad E. , Marbut2 Mousa M. 
Published: May 2020

Type 2 is the most common metabolic disorder characterized by the increased concentration of glucose in blood due to insulin resistance or relative insulin deficiency. Changes in human behavior and lifestyle over the last century have resulted in a dramatic increase in the incidence of diabetes worldwide. Interleukin 6 is pro inflammatory cytokines secreted by immune cells, adipose tissue , Muscles is able to accelerate or inhibit the inflammatory processes .High circulating IL-6 levels have been associated with insulin resistance and greater risk of T2DM .
80 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (40 male and 40 female )are diagnosed by specialized in medicine in general Salah- Aldin Hospital in Tikrit city and 40 apparently healthy Controls (20 male and 20 female ) were included in this study This study carried out in Tikrit city from 1st October 2017 to 1st of April 2018 Anthropometric measures include, Age , BMI , were done for all participants Fasting serum samples were obtained and used for the measurement of serum glucose Interleukin- 6 (IL-6) and Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) .
The results of current study showed that Fasting serum glucose (FBS), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are High significant increase (p<0.01) in diabetic patients when compared to control group.
In Conclusion, serum interleukin -6 (IL-6) and Tumor necrosis factor – alpha (TNF-α) has high significant increases level in diabetic patients compared to control.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.063
The effect of toxoplasmosis infection in the concentration of interferon-ɣ and complementary proteins C3,C4 for parasite infected woman Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Al Jubouri AbdulKhaliq Alwan Muheimeed , Al Safe Noor Talal Ali Taha 
Published: May 2020

The current study deals with measuring the level of interferon-ɣ لfor 9696عينة من النساء المرضى المراجعات لمستشفى صلاح الدين التعليمي في محافظة صلاح الدين للفترة sample of infected women with Toxoplasma gondii , whose attended Salah- El-Deen Teaching Hospital in Salah- El-Deen Governorate from 13/10لغاية /2016 to2017/4/2020/4/ 2017. The samples have been divided into50 50 infected عينة من النساء الحوامل المصابات بطفيلي pregnant women with ToxoplasmagondiiToxoplasma gondii وand 46 46 عينة كمجموعة سيطرة .women as a control group which included 2323 pregnant women 23and 23 عينة من النساء غير الحوامل من غير المصابات ب non – pregnant whose as not infectedT.gondii.. وتبين من خلال الدراسة وجود اختلاف معنوي في مستوى الانترفيرونThe study shows significant difference in the level of interferon ɣ كاما بين النساء المصابات ومجموعة السيطرة اذ ارتفع مستوى الانترفيرونbetween the infected women group and control group .The level of interferon ɣ كاما بين النساء المصابات ومجموعة السيطرة اذ ارتفع مستوى الانترفيرونin infected women was higher compared with the control group 1.658 0.977 0.977 and ) (,ah 0.7650.765 0.524 0.524) بيكوغرام / مل على التوالي عند مستوى احتمالية pg. / ml, respectively, at the level of probability 0.01p< .0.01>p. وفيما يخص قياس مستوى المتممينconcerning on to the measurement of the level of the complementary proteins C3 ,C4)C3, C4),فقد بلغت قيم It was shown the result exist variances moral if were valued in infection women ​​ofC3,C4) 0.3708 0.0107 0.0107 and) ( 0.38510.3851 0.0306 0.0306) ملغرام / ديسلتر على التوالي مقارنة بمجموعة السيطرة ( mg/dl, respectively, compared to the valued in non-infection women0.2528 0.2528 0.0463 0.0463 and) ( 0.2142 0.2142 0.06080.0608) ملغرام / ديسلتر على التوالي عند مستوى احتمالية mg/ dl, respectively, at the level of probability 0.01 p<. 0.01. >

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.067