bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical method for recovering the piecewise constant right-hand side function of an elliptic equation from a boundary overdetermination data
Authors: Kh Ivanov D , Kolesov A E , Vabishchevich P N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
An elliptic problem in an open set Ω is considered with Dirichlet boundary condition on piecewise smooth boundary ∂Ω. The inverse problem is to recover piecewise-constant source term, which means an identification function of an unknown subset D ⊂ Ω. An additional information is taken as Neumann boundary condition, which leads us to consider the inverse problem under Cauchy boundary data. In this work a new computational algorithm for recovery the unknown source term is proposed. The main idea is that the identification function of subset D is replaced by a Heaviside function over the solution of an auxiliary elliptic equation. Then we formulate a minimization problem of a residual for overdetermination data, when a control is taken as the right-hand side of the auxiliary equation. Numerical implementation is based on the finite element method applying the open-source computing platform FEniCS and its package dolfin-adjoint. The capabilities of the given computational algorithm are shown by results of numerical solutions of 2D test problems.
Studying of the stability of the flow rates wells unto errors permeability field identification under conditions of single-phase stationary fluid filtration
Authors: Elesin A V , Sh Kadyrova A , Nikiforov A I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The problem of calculating the producing wells flow rates in a two-dimensional reservoir is considered under conditions of stationary single-phase fluid filtration. The permeability field of the reservoir is assumed to be unknown and is determined from the solution of the inverse coefficient problem. The identification of the permeability field is carried by the known values of bottomhole pressure and is reduced to the problem of minimizing the residual function.
Recovery of a piecewise constant lower coefficient of an elliptic equation
Authors: Kolesov A E , Kh Ivanov D , Vabishchevich P N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Аннотация. We propose a new algorithm for the recovery of a piecewise constant lower coefficient of an elliptic problem. The inverse problem is reduced to a shape reconstruction problem. The proposed algorithm is based on the minimization of a cost functional where a control function is the right-hand side of an auxiliary elliptic equation for a level set representation of unknown shape. Numerical implementation is based on the finite element method and the open-source computing platform FEniCS and dolfin-adjoint. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated on computationally simulated data.
Identification of parameters of adaptive time series models
Authors: Polezhaev V. D. , Yusupova K. O. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The work is devoted to the study of adaptive models of time series and the development of methods for their construction. The most problematic stage in the implementation of algorithms for time series forecasting methods is the identification of unknown parameters, on which the adequacy of the prediction depends. On the basis of economic data, a number of adaptive models have been studied: using exponential smoothing, Brown, Holt-Winters and Theil-Wage models, which take into account seasonality. It was found that the main difficulties arise in the selection of constant smoothing and the choice of coefficients, since no universal algorithm for their task exists.
The paper proposes a method for integrating the adaptive method and the method of numerical optimization. As an optimization method, the non-gradient method was chosen - the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), the use of which provided less error in the final forecast and convergence in all applications. Algorithms for finding the parameters to be identified, and a predictive model based on real data are presented. It is shown that in some cases the proposed model has an advantage over other models of time series.
Numerical identification of the initial condition for parabolic equation
Authors: Vasil’ev V.I. , Kardashevsky M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The authors consider a problem of reconstructing of the initial condition in a parabolic equation through the given value of the unknown function at the final moment of time. To perform a numerical solution of the retrospective inverse problem for a multidimensional parabolic equation it is suggested to use a rapidly converging conjugate gradient method, based on a sequential refinement of the initial condition and a direct problem solution at each iteration. The article provides a discussion on the results of a computational experiment conducted on model problems with exact and quasi-realistic solutions, including random errors for desired overdetermination condition.
Study of alumina sealing of HVOF thermally sprayed WC-Co coatings by sol-gel method
Authors: Amousoltani N , Salimijazi H , Golozar M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Tungsten carbide (WC) has been known as a hard and wear resistant material. Thermal spray coatings were used widely to deposit Ni and/or Co based WC. The high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying is one of the best methods among thermal spray processes that creates denser coatings with less pores for high corrosive environments applications. In this study, the effect of alumina sealing process on the HVOF WC-12Co coatings by the Sol-Gel method for corrosion and wear properties at high temperature applications was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to characterize the morphology and properties of the coatings before and after the sealing process. High temperature wear properties of coatings before and after sealing were tested by ball-on-disk wear tester at 400 °C. The cross- section of the sealed coatings showed that open pores were filled after sol gel. The thickness of the sealed layer was about 14 μm. Results indicated that the sealing process increased the microhardness of coating slightly from 1160 ± 160 to 1250 ± 150 HV. Comparing the results of polarization in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution and wear test showed that the corrosion current density decreased and the wear resistance increased after sealing. A sealed sample with filled open porosity led to recording a higher corrosion resistance (2.9 ± 0.7 μA cm−2) compared to the as sprayed coating (8.90 ± 0.5 μA cm−2). The friction profile of the sealed coating showed reduction of the friction coefficient between 0.25 and 0.5 in comparison to the as- sprayed coating at room temperature (04–0.6). Also, the high temperature wear behavior of the sealed coatings was improved. The weight loss was much lower for the sealed coating (5 mg) than that for the as-sprayed coating (13 mg).
Hydrothermal synthesis of magnetic zeolite P from fly ash and its properties
Authors: Wang Peng , Sun Qi , Zhang Yujiao , Cao Jun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Magnetic zeolite P with the spherical form was successfully synthesized from low-grade fly ash via hydrothermal synthesis method. These samples were characterized by XRD, XRF, FTIR, BET, VSM, SEM and TEM. The textural properties of magnetic zeolite P were further studied by N2 adsorption-desorption technique. In addition, the vibrating sample magnetometer study confirmed that the saturation magnetization is 11.99 emu·g−1, indicating that magnetic zeolite P has sufficiently magnetic property to be attracted by a permanent magnet. Moreover, this facile approach to study saturation adsorption capacity and percentage removal of the magnetic zeolite P for Pb (II) and Cu (II) ions might expand the application of magnetic zeolite P in the adsorption of heavy metal ions, and it may be further extended to other magnetic zeolite materials.
Prediction of mechanical-hysteresis behavior and complex moduli using the phase field crystal method with modified pressure controlled dynamic equation
Authors: Em-Udom J , Pisutha-Arnond N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Damping materials have been used in numerous engineering applications. The important property that plays a key role in this type of material is a damping capacity which is related to mechanical-hysteresis behavior of viscoelasticity. During the last decade, the phase-field-crystal (PFC) model has emerged as a robust tool to predict various material phenomena. This density-functional-type model has the advantage over a conventional phase-field model in terms of atomistic resolution and molecular dynamics in terms of computational expense. In this work, we propose a method to predict mechanical-hysteresis behavior and its related complex moduli parameters using a modified-pressure-controlled dynamics (MPCD) equation incorporating with the PFC model, denoted as PFC-MPCD method, in a three-dimensional solid structure. We modify the previously proposed pressure-controlled dynamics (PCD) equation by introducing the pressure-time derivative term which allows us to produce the results consistent with the standard linear solid model (SLS) at the broader frequency range. We apply sinusoidal pressure oscillation and compare the results predicted by both models. The results demonstrate that mechanical-hysteresis behavior and complex moduli parameters predicted by PFC-MPCD method are in good agreement with those of SLS model and consistent with numerous experimental observations whereas the results produced by original PCD equation tends to exhibit inaccurate results at the very frequency. We expect that this new PFC-MPCD method can be extended to a more complex system and still be capable to exhibit the accurate mechanical-hysteresis behavior and complex moduli parameters which results in predicting more reliable damping capacity parameter in damping material design.
Flacourtia indica based biogenic nanoparticles: development, characterization, and bioactivity against wound associated pathogens
Authors: Ahmad Farooq , Taj Muhammad Babar , Ramzan Muhammad , Raheel Ahmad , Shabbir Saima , Imran Muhammad , Iqbal Hafiz M N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Surface engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are of great attention due to their targeted medical applications. The nature of the functionalized surface plays a vital role in achieving the required functionalities of engineered NPs. Owing to the biofilm formation capabilities of wound associated pathogens, impaired wound healing is a major complication in the medical field. In this context, herein, we report the biogenic synthesis of Flacourtia indica (FI) based NPs, i.e., FI-AgNPs using the aqueous leaf extract of this anti-bacterial herb. The newly developed FI-AgNPs were characterized using various analytical and imaging techniques such as UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The FI-AgNPs showed potent anti-microbial activity and anti-biofilm potential which were examined through a test tube adherence method and congo red agar method. It has been observed that synthesized FI-AgNPs inhibit the formation of a biofilm of observed bacteria, even at a minimum concentration of 80 μgml−1. These findings suggest that synthesized FI-AgNPs could be used against wound associated microbes, especially bacterial coating on medical devices, to prevent antibiotic-resistant biofilm infections. Further development and research are obligatory to decode this skill into preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Emerging Technologies for Invasive Insects: The Role of Engagement
Authors: Kokotovich Adam E , Delborne Jason A , Elsensohn Johanna , Burrack Hannah 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEmerging technologies have the potential to offer new applications for managing invasive insects. While scientific and technological advancements are vital to realizing this potential, the successful development and use of these applications will also largely depend on community and stakeholder engagement. To contribute to a relevant and rigorous envisioning of engagement for emerging technologies for invasive insects (ETII), we begin by reviewing key insights on engagement from three scholarly fields: invasive species management, responsible research and innovation, and ecological risk assessment. Across these fields we glean best practices for engagement for ETII: 1) pursue engagement across decision phases and sectors; 2) select context-appropriate participants and methods; and 3) recognize and navigate engagement-related tensions. We illustrate these best practices by describing an ongoing project that uses engagement to inform risk assessment and broader decision making on biotechnologies being developed to address the Spotted-wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) invasive fruit fly. We describe completed and planned engagement activities designed to identify and prioritize potential adverse effects, benefits, management actions, and research actions of the proposed genetically engineered sterile male, gene drive, and RNAi biotechnologies. In the face of broadening calls for engagement on emerging technologies, this article provides theoretical and empirical insights that can guide future engagement for ETII.
Trauma- and Stress-Induced Craving for Alcohol in Individuals Without PTSD
Authors: Ralevski Elizabeth , Southwick Steven , Petrakis Ismene 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Aims
The main objective of the study was to compare the differences in craving following trauma and stress scripts in individuals with alcohol dependence (AD) who have experienced trauma but did not meet criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Methods
Twenty-eight men and women who participated in a treatment trial were included in this study before starting treatment. All had to meet criteria for AD and had experienced trauma at some point of their lives but were never diagnosed with PTSD. All participants had one laboratory session and were exposed to stress, trauma and neutral scripts randomly assigned. Main measures of craving, anxiety and mood were administered before, during and after each script.

Results
Stress and trauma scripts induced significantly more craving and anxiety than the neutral scripts. Interestingly, stress scripts produced stronger craving and anxiety than the trauma scripts but only with some measures. Stress and trauma scripts produced significantly more fear, anger and sadness and significantly lower ratings of joy and relaxation than the neutral script. Again, there were no differences between stress and trauma scripts for any of the emotional subscales.

Conclusions
Trauma scripts did not result in stronger craving than stress scripts. These findings suggest that trauma in the absence of PTSD diagnosis does not lead to stronger craving for alcohol.
Seed development and its relationship to fruit structure in species of Bromelioideae (Bromeliaceae) with fleshy fruits
Authors: Silva Kleber Resende , Stützel Thomas , Oriani Aline 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn Bromeliaceae, fruit type and seed morphology have been used to distinguish the subfamilies. We studied seed and fruit development of three species of Bromelioideae (Aechmea bromeliifolia, Billbergia distachia and Neoregelia bahiana) relating seed characters to fruit structure. Aechmea bromeliifolia has few ovules per locule inserted within the apical portion of the ovary and the seeds are larger, with a long chalazal appendage, growing towards the fruit base. In B. distachia and N. bahiana, the ovules are numerous and subapically to centrally inserted in the ovary; the seeds are smaller, with a radial disposition, and the chalazal appendages are short (B. distachia) or absent (N. bahiana). The chalazal appendages grow during seed development, and thus their presence/length may be related to the number of ovules/seeds per locule and to the disposition of the ovules inside the locules. The fruits are berries, and juiciness is promoted by mesocarp cells and by substances secreted inside the locules by the placental obturator at later stages of fruit development. These fruit and seed features are strategies for zoochory and provide evidence that each species studied is dispersed by a different type of animal.
Building façade-level correlates of bird–window collisions in a small urban area
Authors: Riding Corey S , O’Connell Timothy J , Loss Scott R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Urbanization increasingly exposes birds to multiple sources of direct anthropogenic mortality. Collisions with buildings, and windows in particular, are a top bird mortality source, annually causing 365–988 million fatalities in the United States. Correlates of window collision rates have been studied at the scale of entire buildings and in relation to the surrounding landscape, and most studies have only assessed correlates for all birds combined without considering season- and species-specific risk factors. In Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA, we conducted bird collision surveys at 16 buildings to assess building structural-, vegetation-, and land cover-related collision correlates. Unlike past studies, we focused at the scale of individual building façades, and in addition to considering correlates for total collisions, we assessed correlates for different seasons and separately for 8 collision-prone species. Several façade-related features, including proportional glass coverage, façade length, and façade height, were positively associated with total collisions and collisions for most separate seasons and species. Total collisions were also greater at alcove-shaped façades than flat, curved, and portico-shaped façades. We found that collision correlates varied among seasons (e.g., surrounding lawn cover important in summer and fall, but not spring) and among species (e.g., surrounding impervious cover positively and negatively related to collisions of Painted Bunting [Passerina ciris] and American Robin [Turdus migratorius], respectively). Given the importance of glass proportion, collision reduction efforts should continue to focus on minimizing and/or treating glass surfaces on new and existing buildings. Our species- and season-specific assessments indicate that management of some collision risk factors may not be equally effective for all seasons and species. Future research, policy, and management that integrates information about collision risk for all bird species and seasons, and at multiple scales from building façades to the surrounding landscape, will be most effective at reducing total mortality from bird–window collisions.
Fecal stress, nutrition and reproductive hormones for monitoring environmental impacts on tigers (Panthera tigris)
Authors: Mondol Samrat , Booth Rebecca K , Wasser Samuel K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Non-invasive stress and nutritional hormone analysis in relation to ecological and other biological indices have tremendous potential to address environmental disturbance impacts on wildlife health. To this end, we examined the relation between glucocorticoid (GC) and thyroid (T3) hormone indices of disturbance and nutritional stress in response to ACTH and TSH challenges in captive tigers, as well as how reproductive hormones vary by sex and reproductive condition. Glucocorticoid, thyroid, progesterone and androgen assays conducted on high-performance liquid chromatography separated fractions of biologically relevant fecal extracts revealed high cross-reactivity of these assays for their respective biologically relevant fecal hormone metabolites. Both adrenal and thyroid hormone metabolites were elevated in response to ACTH and TSH challenges. However, the adrenal and thyroid hormone responses to ACTH challenge were concurrent, whereas the adrenal response to TSH challenge was delayed relative to thyroid hormone elevation in both males and females. The concurrently elevated T3 in response to ACTH may serve to raise metabolic rate to maximize use of GC-mobilized glucose, whereas the relatively delayed GC rise following TSH challenge may be a response to glucose depletion due to increased metabolic rate associated with elevated T3. Progesterone, testosterone and androstenedione hormone metabolites were significantly elevated during gestation compared to lactation in a female monitored from conception through early lactation. Results suggest that the glucocorticoid, thyroid and reproductive hormone assays we tested can accurately measure the stress, nutrition and reproductive response from tiger feces, providing useful non-invasive tools to assess physiological responses to environmental stressors and their reproductive consequences in the wild.
Cardiac monocytes and macrophages after myocardial infarction
Authors: Peet Claire , Ivetic Aleksandar , Bromage Daniel I , Shah Ajay M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Improvements in early interventions after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), notably, the increased use of timely reperfusion therapy, have increased survival dramatically in recent decades. Despite this, maladaptive ventricular remodelling and subsequent heart failure (HF) following AMI remain a significant clinical challenge, particularly because several pre-clinical strategies to attenuate remodelling have failed to translate into clinical practice. Monocytes and macrophages, pleiotropic cells of the innate immune system, are integral in both the initial inflammatory response to injury and subsequent wound healing in many tissues, including the heart. However, maladaptive immune cell behaviour contributes to ventricular remodelling in mouse models, prompting experimental efforts to modulate the immune response to prevent the development of HF. Seminal work in macrophage biology defined macrophages as monocyte-derived cells that are comprised of two populations, pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and reparative M2 macrophages, and initial investigations into cardiac macrophage populations following AMI suggested they aligned well to this model. However, more recent data, in the heart and other tissues, demonstrate remarkable heterogeneity and plasticity in macrophage development, phenotype, and function. These recent insights into macrophage biology may explain the failure of non-specific immunosuppressive strategies and offer novel opportunities for therapeutic targeting to prevent HF following AMI. Here, we summarize the traditional monocyte-macrophage paradigm, experimental evidence for the significance of these cells in HF after AMI, and the potential relevance of emerging evidence that refutes canonical models of monocyte and macrophage biology.