bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison Study of Time Synchronization in NC-OFDM Systems Based on Symmetric Correlator
Authors: Miftahushudur Tajul , Suyoto Suyoto 
Published: January 2020

NC-OFDM as one of the candidates for the Cognitive Radio (CR) system has many challenges in the synchronizing time. This is due to the frequency sharing which can cause Narrowband Interference (NBI), which causes a very significant time synchronization error. Large errors in time synchronization can reduce overall NCOFDM system performance. In this study, we evaluate the time synchronization performance of NC-OFDM systems on the multipath channel in the present of NBI. We provide an evaluation of the time synchronization performance by comparing the time synchronization algorithm that has a timing metric such as an impulse-like (Symmetric correlator). Here, we present three algorithms that use the symbol training to calculate the arrival time of the NC-OFDM symbol. The simulation conducted by considering the effects of multipath channel, Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Carrier Frequency Offset (CFO), and SIR (Signal to Interference Ratio). SIR is modeled with NBI. Algorithm performance is measured by MAE (Mean Absolute Error) and MSE (Mean Squared Error). Simulation results show that the autocorrelation-based method has very poor performance in MAE and MSE tests, so it is not suitable for NC-OFDMbased Cognitive Radio systems. The GLRT (Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test) method and Iterative Normalization method perform well in case the NC-OFDM Cognitive Radio systems.
Increased lipoxin B4 levels in children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Akar Himmet Haluk , Yildiz Mikdat 
Published: January 2020

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease in the pediatric population. The pathophysiology of AD is complex and not clearly understood. The role of lipoxin B4 (LXB4), an anti-inflammatory mediator, has not been sufficiently investigated in children with AD to our knowledge. Objective To compare the levels of serum LXB4 between children with AD and healthy controls. Methods Three groups of children were enrolled in this study: a SPT-Pos group (skin prick test positive 21 subjects with AD), a SPT-Neg group (skin prick test negative 22 subjects with AD), and a control group (23 healthy subjects). Subjects’ serum LXB4 levels of were measured with an ELISA technique. Also, eosinophil counts and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were compared among all groups. Results We observed significantly higher LXB4 levels in AD patients than in controls. Also, LXB4 levels were significantly higher in the SPT-Pos group than in the SPT-Neg group and control group. However, no significant difference was observed between the SPT-Neg and control groups. Conclusion The LXB4 may have an anti-inflammatory mediator role in the pathogenesis of AD in children. The LXB4-associated pathways may be considered in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of patients with AD.
Distinct P2Y Receptors Mediate Extension and Retraction of Microglial Processes in Epileptic and Peritumoral Human Tissue
Authors: Milior Giampaolo , Morin-Brureau Mélanie , Chali Farah , Le Duigou Caroline , Savary Etienne , Huberfeld Gilles , Rouach Nathalie , Pallud Johan , Capelle Laurent , Navarro Vincent , Mathon Bertrand , Clemenceau Stéphane , Miles Richard 
Published: January 2020

Microglia exhibit multiple, phenotype-dependent motility patterns often triggered by purinergic stimuli. However, little data exist on motility of human microglia in pathological situations. Here we examine motility of microglia stained with a fluorescent lectin in tissue slices from female and male epileptic patients diagnosed with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy or cortical glioma (peritumoral cortex). Microglial shape varied from ramified to amoeboid cells predominantly in regions of high neuronal loss or closer to a tumor. Live imaging revealed unstimulated or purine-induced microglial motilities, including surveillance movements, membrane ruffling, and process extension or retraction. At different concentrations, ADP triggered opposing motilities. Low doses triggered process extension. It was suppressed by P2Y12 receptor antagonists, which also reduced process length and surveillance movements. Higher purine doses caused process retraction and membrane ruffling, which were blocked by joint application of P2Y1 and P2Y13 receptor antagonists. Purinergic effects on motility were similar for all microglia tested. Both amoeboid and ramified cells from mesial temporal lobe epilepsy or peritumoral cortex tissue expressed P2Y12 receptors. A minority of microglia expressed the adenosine A2A receptor, which has been linked with process withdrawal of rodent cells. Laser-mediated tissue damage let us test the functional significance of these effects. Moderate damage induced microglial process extension, which was blocked by P2Y12 receptor antagonists. Overall, the purine-induced motility of human microglia in epileptic tissue is similar to that of rodent microglia in that the P2Y12 receptor initiates process extension. It differs in that retraction is triggered by joint activation of P2Y1/P2Y13 receptors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMicroglial cells are brain-resident immune cells with multiple functions in healthy or diseased brains. These diverse functions are associated with distinct phenotypes, including different microglial shapes. In the rodent, purinergic signaling is associated with changes in cell shape, such as process extension toward tissue damage. However, there are little data on living human microglia, especially in diseased states. We developed a reliable technique to stain microglia from epileptic and glioma patients to examine responses to purines. Low-intensity purinergic stimuli induced process extension, as in rodents. In contrast, high-intensity stimuli triggered a process withdrawal mediated by both P2Y1 and P2Y13 receptors. P2Y1/P2Y13 receptor activation has not previously been linked to microglial morphological changes.
A Multidimensional Neural Maturation Index Reveals Reproducible Developmental Patterns in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Truelove-Hill Monica , Erus Guray , Bashyam Vishnu , Varol Erdem , Sako Chiharu , Gur Ruben C. , Gur Raquel E. , Koutsouleris Nikolaos , Zhuo Chuanjun , Fan Yong , Wolf Daniel H. , Satterthwaite Theodore D. , Davatzikos Christos 
Published: January 2020

Adolescence is a time of extensive neural restructuring, leaving one susceptible to atypical development. Although neural maturation in humans can be measured using functional and structural MRI, the subtle patterns associated with the initial stages of abnormal change may be difficult to identify, particularly at an individual level. Brain age prediction models may have utility in assessing brain development in an individualized manner, as deviations between chronological age and predicted brain age could reflect one's divergence from typical development. Here, we built a support vector regression model to summarize high-dimensional neuroimaging as an index of brain age in both sexes. Using structural and functional MRI data from two large pediatric datasets and a third clinical dataset, we produced and validated a two-dimensional neural maturation index (NMI) that characterizes typical brain maturation patterns and identifies those who deviate from this trajectory. Examination of brain signatures associated with NMI scores revealed that elevated scores were related to significantly lower gray matter volume and significantly higher white matter volume, particularly in high-order regions such as the prefrontal cortex. Additionally, those with higher NMI scores exhibited enhanced connectivity in several functional brain networks, including the default mode network. Analysis of data from a sample of male and female patients with schizophrenia revealed an association between advanced NMI scores and schizophrenia diagnosis in participants aged 16–22, confirming the NMI's utility as a marker of atypicality. Altogether, our findings support the NMI as an individualized, interpretable measure by which neural development in adolescence may be assessed.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe substantial neural restructuring that occurs during adolescence increases one's vulnerability to aberration. A brain index that is capable of capturing one's conformance with typical development will allow for individualized assessment and enhance our understanding of typical and atypical development. In this analysis, we produce a neural maturation index (NMI) using support vector regression and a large pediatric sample. This index generalizes across multiple cohorts and shows potential in the identification of clinical groups. We also implement a novel method for examining the developmental trajectory through data-driven analysis. The signatures identified by the NMI reflect key stages of the extensive neural development that occurs during adolescence and support its utility as a metric of typical brain development.
Peroxisomal fission is modulated by the mitochondrial Rho‐GTPases, Miro1 and Miro2
Authors: Covill‐Cooke Christian , Toncheva Viktoriya S , Drew James , Birsa Nicol , López‐Doménech Guillermo , Kittler Josef T 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPeroxisomes are essential for a number of cellular functions, including reactive oxygen species metabolism, fatty acid β‐oxidation and lipid synthesis. To ensure optimal functionality, peroxisomal size, shape and number must be dynamically maintained; however, many aspects of how this is regulated remain poorly characterised. Here, we show that the localisation of Miro1 and Miro2—outer mitochondrial membrane proteins essential for mitochondrial trafficking—to peroxisomes is not required for basal peroxisomal distribution and long‐range trafficking, but rather for the maintenance of peroxisomal size and morphology through peroxisomal fission. Mechanistically, this is achieved by Miro negatively regulating Drp1‐dependent fission, a function that is shared with the mitochondria. We further find that the peroxisomal localisation of Miro is regulated by its first GTPase domain and is mediated by an interaction through its transmembrane domain with the peroxisomal‐membrane protein chaperone, Pex19. Our work highlights a shared regulatory role of Miro in maintaining the morphology of both peroxisomes and mitochondria, supporting a crosstalk between peroxisomal and mitochondrial biology.
The Communicative Competence Components Analysis in Using English through EIR
Authors: Faradilla Ayu Silvana , Rukmini Dwi 
Published: January 2020

This study was aimed to explain the communicative competence components of the fourth semester English Department students through English Interaction Room (EIR). The communicative competence components in using English were analyzed based on the grammatical competence, discourse competence, sociolinguistic competence and strategic competence.
This study used qualitative method which means that the data of this study were explained by using descriptive analysis method. The result showed that (1) Mostly, the utterances of the participants were ungrammatical in syntax, while some were in morpheme, but those were acceptable (2) Mostly the utterances were appropriate with the topic discussed. the participants were able to construct a unified discourse, (3) Mostly, the utterances seemed natural and used less formal language, and (4) Most participants used achievement strategy to hold the conversation.
In conclusion, most of EIR participants are communicative in using English viewed from the discourse competence, sociolinguistic competence and strategic competence. They need to increase their competence of using English grammar.
Keywords: Communicative Competence; Using English; English Interaction Room (EIR).
The Comparison between Wattpad and Blog in Project Based Learning to Teach Written Analytical Exposition Text
Authors: Hanifah Fahmi Millati , Bharati Dwi Anggani Linggar 
Published: January 2020

This final project was based on a research which attempts to investigate the use of wattpad and blog combined with project based learning in teaching writing skills. The purpose of the study was to find out which one is more effective between wattpad and blog in project based learning to teach written analytical exposition text. A quasi-experimental study was used as the research design in this study. The sample was the eleventh grade students of SMA Ibu Kartini Semarang that involved 26 students. They were divided into experimental group 1 and experimental group 2. The experimental group 1 was taught using wattpad while the experimental group 2 was taught using blog as the learning media and both of them used project based learning as teaching method.
The pre-test result revealed the mean score of the experimental group 1 was 60.76 and the experimental group 2 was 60.69. It meant that the two groups had similar competence before getting the treatment. The post-test mean scores of experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 were 80.23 and 74.46. The t-test of post-test showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group 1 and the experimental group2 since t-value was higher than t-table (4.490 > 2.064).
It could be concluded that both wattpad and blog were effective as the learning media to teach writing skills. However, the use of wattpad was more effective than using blog in project-based learning to teach written analytical exposition text. Therefore, it was suggested that the teachers should consider the social media of wattpad and blog were the effective learning media in teaching writing because they allowed the students to express ideas and develop their writing skills.
Keywords: Wattpad; Blog; Project Based Learning; Writing; Analytical Exposition Text
Students’ Translation Techniques and Grammatical Errors in Translating Narrative Text
Authors: Wahyono Muhammad Ichsan Andi , Yuliasri Issy 
Published: January 2020

This research attempted to find out the translation techniques and grammatical errors in students’ Indonesian-English text translation. The objectives of this research were to describe the choice of translation techniques and grammatical errors of the students’ translation of a narrative text. This research used descriptive qualitative method. The translation techniques analysis was done by using Molina and Albir's (2002) classification of translation techniques while grammatical errors of the students’ translation were analyzed using the guide for correcting writing errors by Betty Azar (1941). The translation technique analysis was done by comparing the students’ translation work with the source text of a narrative entitled Lari Kepagian then grammatical errors analysis was done to find out their errors in the use of grammatical rules. The result of the study found that there were 3012 data of translation techniques and 429 grammatical errors. The data showed that the most used translation techniques were literal translation technique (30.1%) and modulation technique (22.6%) and the most grammatical errors made was capitalization (18.2%) and verb tense (16.6%). The most used translation technique that resulted in most grammatical errors was modulation technique (17%) in the translation done by 24 students.
Keywords: translation; translation techniques; students’ translation; grammar; grammatical errors; narrative text
The Analysis of Teacher Talk and The Characteristic of Classroom Interaction in English for Young Learner
Authors: Khusnaini Nurul 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to find out the type of teacher talk and the characteristic of classroom interaction take place in the English language classroom of Semarang Multinational School.This study applied descriptive qualitative research. There were two activities in gathering the data of this study: observation and audio recording. In analyzing this study, the researcher used interactive theory proposed by Flander (1989). The findings showed that based on Flanders Interaction Analisys Categories (FIAV), the teacher indirectly influenced the students in teaching and learning process by relying hard on asking questions. Besides asking questions to students, teacher also used (1) accepting students’ feeling, (2) praising or encouraging students, and (3) accepting or even using students’ ideas. In addition the pattern of content cross interaction tended to be more on asking questions than lecturing behavior. It indicated that teacher often relied on asking questions to students in the teaching and learning process rather than to introduce new learning material and help conveying information to students. In conclusion, the teacher indirectly influenced the students in the teaching and learning process. This kind of interaction indicated that teacher often relied on asking rather than lecturing the students.
Keywords: Teacher Talk, Classroom Interaction, Flanders Interaction Analysis Categories
Pengelolaan Media Sosial pada Usaha XYZ
Authors: Arifianti Nuraini , Adiarni Nunuk 
Published: January 2020

The social media is currently not only used for social friendship but also for business purpose.The people use line, whatshapp, instagram and facebook. Related to business goals, the content is made possible by availability of the applications to convey marketing messages to customers. This requires creative message and content creators, which work in team with decision maker and administrator. However, it’s need to continuously manage it. This study was aimed to find out how the management of social media in XYZ businesses using descriptive qualitative. Instagram management implemented by XYZ starts from setting target customers to the content evaluation process. However, it has not comprehensively been managed unless it responds to negative comments from followers. The results of the study prove that using the social media such as Instagram in marketing requires management by planning, organizing and decision making process for creative content and followed by an evaluation and handling follower responses.
Penerjemahan Indonesia-Arab Papan Informasi dan Petunjuk Arah di Curug 7 Cilember
Authors: Hidayatullah Mochamad Syarif , Handayani Anggun Eka 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memasyarakatkan dan meningkatkan peran bahasa Arab dalam dunia pariwisata. Untuk tujuan itu, peneliti menerjemahkan teks-teks pada papan petunjuk arah dan informasi yang berada di objek wisata ke dalam bahasa Arab. Proses penelitian ini dimulai dengan cara mengumpulkan data dalam bentuk foto, kemudian diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Arab. Setelah itu, peneliti membuat desain papan petunjuk arah dalam dua bahasa. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode research and development. Peneliti melakukan pengumpulan data, pengklasifikasian data ke dalam beberapa kategori, serta menganalisis data secara deskriptif dan nonstatistik. Penelitian ini juga berisi analisis data yang berisi sebuah pertanggungjawaban akademik dalam menerjemahkan dengan metode komunikatif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah media komunikasi visual berupa papan informasi dan petunjuk arah dalam dua bahasa (Indonesia-Arab) di Curug 7 Cilember, Megamendung, Bogor, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai model penerjemahan Indonesia-Arab papan informasi, petunjuk arah, dan lainnya di tempat wisata lain yang membutuhkan komunikasi visual dalam bahasa Arab.
Budaya Satire pada Masa Dinasti Umayyah dalam Syair Hijā’ Al-Farazdaq
Authors: Buana Cahya 
Published: January 2020

Hijā’ atau satire adalah salah satu genre syair yang mengandung konten sinisme atau ejekan. Jenis puisi ini berkembang pesat pada masa Dinasti Umayyah. Penyair yang sangat terkenal dengan genre ini di antaranya adalah al-Farazdaq. Kajian ini bermaksud untuk mengungkap jenis budaya satire yang berkembang pada masa Bani Umayyah melalui syair al-Farazdaq serta latar belakang munculnya budaya tersebut. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, saya akan menggunakan metode penelitian qualitatif melalui pendekatan budaya dan sejarah pada teks-teks syair hija al-Farazdaq. Berdasarkan hasil analisis terungkap bahwa budaya satire yang berkembang pada masa Bani Umayah dalam puisi hija al-Farazdaq adalah jenis satire personal (al-hijā al-syakhsyi) yaitu satire yang menyerang pribadi seseorang dengan cara mengejeknya melalui hal-hal yang bersifat fisik, satire moral (al-hijā al-akhlāqi) yaitu sindiran-sindiran yang ditujukan kepada lawan karena dianggap memiliki moralitas yang rendah, satire politik (al-hijā al-siyāsi) yang digunakan untuk kepentingan politik, satire sosial (al-hijā al-ijtimāi) yaitu sindiran yang terkait perilaku sosial yang kurang lazim terjadi pada masyarakat pada umumnya dan satire agama (al-hijā al-dīnī) yaitu satire-satire yang digunakan untuk menyindir perilaku keagamaan seseorang. Adapun latar belakang munculnya budaya satire di antaranya disebabkan oleh motif politik, ekonomi dan fanatisme kesukuan. Hijā' or satire is a genre of poetry that contains cynicism or mockeries. This type of poetry developed rapidly during the Umayyad Dynasty. This study was intended to reveal the type of satirical culture in the era of Umayyads through al-Farazdaq’s poetry and the background of its emergence. To achieve this purpose, I used a qualitative research method implementing cultural and historical approaches to read critically hija al-Farazdaq's poetic texts. The result of analysis revealed there were five kinds of satirical culture developing during the Umayyads in the poetry hija al-Farazdaq. There were a personal satire (al-hijā al-syakhsyi) attacked someone by mocking him through things that were physical; a moral satire (al-hijā al-akhlāqi), namely allusions that addressed the opponents because they were considered to have low morality; a political satire (al-hijā al-siyāsi) which was used for political purposes; a social satire (al-hijā al-ijtimāi) which was an allusion related to social behavior that were less common in the society in general; and a religious satire (al-hijā al-dīnī) which was used to insinuate one's religious behavior. The background for the emergence of satire culture were due to political, economic and tribal fanaticism.