bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of sulfide catalysts performance in hydrotreating of oil fractions using comprehensive gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Karakhanov Eduard , Maximov Anton , Kulikov Leonid , Makeeva Daria , Kalinina Maria , Kardasheva Yulia , Glotov Alexander 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, two oil fractions – straight-run diesel and light cycle oil (LCO) – and the products of their hydrotreatment with sulfide catalysts, synthesized in the pores of porous aromatic frameworks, were analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC) with time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC–TOFMS). Effective separation of numerous compounds in the analyzed multicomponent mixtures and high resolution of mass spectra of reaction products made it possible to study the features of the activity of sulfide catalysts.
Thermodynamic approach for prediction of oxide materials properties at high temperatures
Authors: Stolyarova Valentina L. , Vorozhtcov Viktor A. , Shilov Andrey L. , Sokolova Tamara V. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Modern high-temperature technologies and methods of production of advanced materials impose new requirements on the quality of information on physicochemical properties of oxide systems at high temperatures. Normally, thermodynamic approach for these purposes is the most fundamental and essential. Great attention was paid by M.M. Shultz to extensive development of this approach in the studies of oxide melts, crystals, glasses, ceramics, and coatings using calorimetric, EMF, and high temperature mass spectrometric methods. Advantages of the thermodynamic approach were illustrated by examples of application of the Knudsen effusion mass spectrometric method to studies of oxide systems and materials, which were crucial for the further development of space and aviation industry, energetics, instrument making, communication engineering, metallurgy, energy-saving, and environmental safety. In the discussion of the regularities of vaporization processes and changes of thermodynamic properties in oxide systems, a number of particular systems based on silica and hafnia was considered in detail. Modeling was carried out for these systems using the Generalized Lattice Theory of Associated Solutions. The obtained results assert a necessity for creation of the national thermodynamic data- and model bases essential for further prediction of phase equilibria in oxide systems and materials at high temperatures.
Catalytic hydrogenation with parahydrogen: a bridge from homogeneous to heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Kovtunov Kirill V. , Salnikov Oleg G. , Skovpin Ivan V. , Chukanov Nikita V. , Burueva Dudari B. , Koptyug Igor V. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
One of the essential themes in modern catalysis is that of bridging the gap between its homogeneous and heterogeneous counterparts to combine their individual advantages and overcome shortcomings. One more incentive can now be added to the list, namely the ability of transition metal complexes to provide strong nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal enhancement upon their use in homogeneous hydrogenations of unsaturated compounds with parahydrogen in solution. The addition of both H atoms of a parahydrogen molecule to the same substrate, a prerequisite for such effects, is implemented naturally with metal complexes that operate via the formation of a dihydride intermediate, but not with most heterogeneous catalysts. Despite that, it has been demonstrated in recent years that various types of heterogeneous catalysts are able to perform the required pairwise H2 addition at least to some extent. This has opened a major gateway for developing highly sensitive and informative tools for mechanistic studies of heterogeneous hydrogenations and other processes involving H2. Besides, production of catalyst-free fluids with NMR signals enhanced by 3-4 orders of magnitude is essential for modern applications of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including biomedical research and practice. The ongoing efforts to design heterogeneous catalysts which can implement the homogeneous (pairwise) hydrogenation mechanism are reported.
3D printing in analytical chemistry: current state and future
Authors: Nesterenko Pavel N. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The rapid development of additive technologies in recent years is accompanied by their intensive introduction into various fields of science and related technologies, including analytical chemistry. The use of 3D printing in analytical instrumentation, in particular, for making prototypes of new equipment and manufacturing parts having complex internal spatial configuration, has been proved as exceptionally effective. Additional opportunities for the widespread introduction of 3D printing technologies are associated with the development of new optically transparent, current- and thermo-conductive materials, various composite materials with desired properties, as well as possibilities for printing with the simultaneous combination of several materials in one product. This review will focus on the application of 3D printing for production of new advanced analytical devices, such as compact chromatographic columns for high performance liquid chromatography, flow reactors and flow cells for detectors, devices for passive concentration of toxic compounds and various integrated devices that allow significant improvements in chemical analysis. A special attention is paid to the complexity and functionality of 3D-printed devices.
Impact of pesticide exposure in childhood
Authors: Pascale Antonio , Laborde Amalia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPesticides represent a wide variety of chemicals presented as different formulations and concentrations and used in different settings: agriculture, animal sanitary bath, domestic use, and vector control. Lack of awareness, poor agricultural practices, and inappropriate disposal of containers will increase the exposure and risk of health effects during childhood. The concern about children’s exposure to pesticides is based on their toxic properties and the special vulnerability to the exposure, which may occur in different stages, from the prenatal period to infancy. Pesticide related diseases may manifest during the infancy, adolescence, or adulthood. Children may be exposed by multiple routes of exposure, in different scenarios. In domestic settings, insecticides and rodenticides are usually stored within the reach of children, or may be transferred to non-original containers, leading to acute non intentional ingestion. Exploratory behavior increases the risk for exposure to pesticides present on the ground. Gardens and playgrounds may have pesticides residues. Children may be in contact with domestic animals that have been treated with pesticides. In rural settings, children can be exposed to pesticide residues in areas where they have been applied, or by contamination of work equipment and parents clothing. Families dedicated to rural activity have higher levels of exposure, through ingesting contaminated fruits, vegetables, milk, eggs, and water. Several studies confirmed pesticide exposure in children by biomonitoring. Higher levels of organophosphate metabolites have been reported in children compared to adult populations. Toxic effects of pesticides depend on their intrinsic toxic properties as well as on the dose, duration, and life period of exposure. Acute poisonings are related to high doses exposure, while chronic, subtle and delayed effects are often related to low levels/doses exposure. Epidemiologic, animal, and clinical studies suggest an association between chronic, low-level exposures and alterations in growth and development (particularly impaired neurobehavioral development), cancer and increased susceptibility to infections. New research presents evidence that some pesticides are a risk factor of a wide range of acute and chronic diseases. Better practices and public health policies are needed to prevent and protect children from pesticides exposure.
Effect of particulate matter 2.5 exposure to urinary malondialdehyde levels of public transport drivers in Jakarta
Authors: Pratiwi Damai Arum , Haryanto Budi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeople who work long hours on the road are intensively exposed to high levels of fine particulate matters (PM2.5) which may lead to oxidative stress mechanisms in the human body that cause deleterious health problems. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is the major metabolite produced during lipid peroxidation metabolism that serves as a reliable biomarker for oxidative stress in cells.ObjectivesTo identify the association between PM2.5exposure and other characteristics with urinary MDA levels among public transport drivers in Jakarta.MethodsA cross-sectional design was implemented by involving 130 public transport drivers of nine trajectories from Kampung Melayu Terminal, Jakarta. The continuous PM2.5data were collected in personal measurement during one round trip of driving. Weight and height measurements were obtained to calculate body mass index (BMI) and structured questionnaires were completed to identify other characteristics. MDA levels were examined from the driver’s urine right after driving and evaluated using TBARS analysis.ResultsThe average of PM2.5exposure was 91.56 ± 20.05 μg/m3and MDA levels were 2.23 ± 1.57 nmoL/mL. Drivers with overweight and obese BMI had significantly higher MDA levels (2.66 ± 1.65 nmoL/mL) compared to those with normal and underweight BMI status (1.97 ± 1.47 nmoL/mL). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated low PM2.5exposure, normal and underweight BMI status, and a long period of working as drivers were associated with MDA levels (p<0.05). Contrary to the prior study, PM2.5exposure was negatively associated with MDA levels due to most drivers’ BMI status being normal and underweight.ConclusionOur study suggests that the drivers who were obese and overweight should lose weight to lower the risk of increased MDA levels. We also suggest the drivers to consider maintaining their vehicle’s ventilation system or using personal protection equipment (PPE) to avoid high PM2.5exposure while driving.
Recent advances in synthesis of organometallic complexes of indium
Authors: Anwar Hira , Haque Rosenani A. , Saleem Rahman Shah Zaib , Iqbal Muhammad Adnan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe indium complexes are being used in many applications like catalysis, optoelectronics, sensors, solar cells, biochemistry, medicine, infrared (IR) mirrors and thin-film transistors (TFTs). In organometallic complexes of indium, it forms different types of complexes with single, double, triple and tetra linkages by coordinating with numerous elements like C, N, O and S and also with some other elements like Se and Ru. So, the present study comprises all the possible ways to synthesize the indium complexes by reacting with different organic ligands; most of them are N-heterocyclic carbenes, amines, amides and phenols. The commonly used solvents for these syntheses are tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, toluene, benzene, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and water. According to the nature of the ligands, indium complexes were reported at different temperatures and stirring time. Because of their unique characteristics, the organometallic chemistry of group 13 metal indium complexes remains a subject of continuing interest in synthetic chemistry as well as material science.
Development of new total RNA isolation method for tissues with rich phenolic compounds
Authors: Seçgin Zafer , Gökdemir Gökhan , Atabay Elif Seda , Kurt Kızıldoğan Aslıhan , Kavas Musa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
RNAs to be used in transcriptome analysis must be of high quality and pure in order to ensure maximum representation of the expressed genes. RNA isolation is difficult in hazelnut tissues containing large amounts of secondary metabolite, phenolic compounds and the cell wall structure. Commonly used protocols for RNA isolation are those that require a lot of labor and time and also do not allow sufficient RNA isolation when applied to tissues rich in phenolic compounds. This study was aimed to develop an efficient method for isolation of total RNAs from bud of hazelnut to be used in RNA sequencing.

Materials and methods
An optimized new method was successfully applied on three different hazelnuts genotypes (Çakıldak, Palaz, Tombul) and about 25 times higher amount of total RNAs per mg fresh tissues were obtained compared to classical CTAB method. Different methods have been tried for the isolation of RNA from hazelnut tissues and the determination of the quality of the obtained RNAs.

Results
The quality and quantity of isolalated total RNAs were determined by spectrophotometer, electrophoresis and PCR. This success has been caught without any compromise of purity since A260/A280 ratios ranged from 1.90 to 2.04 and A260/A230 ratios were >2.0 in all purified RNAs.

Conclusion
The total RNAs isolated with new protocol was found to be suitable for RNA sequencing and other molecular applications.
Clinical and imaging features of reversible splenial lesion syndrome with language disorder
Authors: Tang Yi , Zhang Dong , Ge Jian , Jin Jing , Liu Yumeng , Chen Siyuan , He Mingli 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is a single-stage non-specific syndrome with unclear pathogenesis. There has been no report on answer delay in patients with RESLES. We report a female patient who was admitted to our department for mixed aphasia accompanied by cognitive impairment. During the rapid improvement of aphasia, there was a clear phase of language output response delay accompanied by resolution of imaging lesions. We analyzed the course and the examination results of the patient and speculated the cause and pathogenesis. RESLES-relevant knowledge was systematically reviewed, which will help doctors in the classification of cerebral function and the diagnosis of RESLES. The specific language and cognitive impairment may be associated with the damage of contact fibers in the bilateral primary and secondary sensory and motor cortices.
Schulformen und geschlechtstypische Berufsorientierungen
Authors: Siembab Matthias , Wicht Alexandra 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungWir gehen der Frage nach, in welcher Weise die Stratifizierung des Schulsystems einen Einfluss auf geschlechtstypische Berufserwartungen Jugendlicher nimmt: über schulspezifische geschlechtstypische Aspirationen oder sozialstatusbezogene Erwartungen. Wir analysieren Querschnittsdaten der Startkohorte 4 des Nationalen Bildungspanels (NEPS, Wellen 2010–2011) zu Schülerinnen und Schülern der Klassenstufe neun in Deutschland. Anhand von Mehrebenen-Mediationsanalysen zeigen wir, dass schulspezifische Berufsaspirationen den Einfluss der Schulform auf die Berufserwartungen Jugendlicher vermitteln. Niedrige Schulformen, vor allem Hauptschulen, sind dabei durch stärker geschlechtstypische Berufsaspirationen geprägt als Gymnasien. Darüber hinaus sind auch schulspezifische Berufserwartungen hinsichtlich des Sozialstatus für Unterschiede in den geschlechtstypischen Berufserwartungen von Bedeutung. Eine mögliche Erklärung für diesen Befund sind die stark nach Geschlecht segregierten Gelegenheitsstrukturen vor allem im niedrig qualifizierten Arbeitsmarktsegment.
Warum Mütter wechseln, wenn sie bleiben könnten?Der Einfluss betrieblicher Merkmale auf Arbeitgeberwechsel von Müttern nach der Geburt des ersten Kindes
Authors: Bächmann Ann-Christin , Frodermann Corinna 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Geburt eines Kindes stellt nach wie vor gerade für den Erwerbsverlauf von Frauen einen kritischen Punkt dar, da sie zumeist mit einer Erwerbsunterbrechung und damit verbunden negativen Karrierekonsequenzen einhergeht. Letztere können jedoch durch eine Fortsetzung des Erwerbsverhältnisses beim bisherigen Arbeitgeber abgemildert werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersuchen wir, welche betrieblichen Merkmale die Wahrscheinlichkeit für Betriebswechsel von Müttern nach familienbedingten Erwerbsunterbrechungen reduzieren. Basierend auf Rational Choice Überlegungen und sozialepidemiologischen Argumenten zur Vermeidung von Stress aufgrund antizipierter Rollenkonflikte leiten wir Hypothesen ab, die wir anhand verknüpfter Betriebs- und Beschäftigtendaten testen. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass insbesondere konkrete betriebliche familienfreundliche Maßnahmen, wie Unterstützung bei der Kinderbetreuung, die Wechselwahrscheinlichkeit von Müttern beeinflussen. Betriebliche Strukturmerkmale, wie die Betriebsgröße oder Beschäftigtenstruktur, spielen hingegen eine untergeordnete Rolle.
Taming of the Hopf bifurcation in a driven El Niño model
Authors: Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Premraj Durairaj , Thamilmaran Kathamuthu , Pham Viet-Thanh , Karthikeyan Anitha , Duraisamy Prakash 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the well-known Vallis model for El Niño driven by an external excitation. The bifurcation studies on the driven Vallis model are conducted with different control parameters. Then we discuss about the taming of the Hopf bifurcation by varying the driving function. We could note that the system changes its state from stable steady state to oscillatory state and vice versa which is achieved by changing the driving function. Finally, two parameter bifurcation plots are derived to show that impact of the driving function on the system bifurcation points.
The syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties of two mononuclear manganese(II) complexes involving in situ hydrothermal decarboxylation
Authors: Du Zhong-Xiang , Li Jun-Xia , Liu Shi-Jiang , Wang Zhi-Qiong , Pan Qing-Jie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Two new mononuclear compounds [Mn(3-Br-pydc)(H2O)3] (1) and {[Mn(5-Br-pyc)(bipy)(H2O)(Cl)]·2H2O (2) (3-Br-H2pydc = 3-Br-pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, 5-Br-Hpyc = 5-Br-pyridine-2-carboxylic acid, bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) have been synthesized by traditional solution reaction and hydrothermal reaction, respectively. In both compounds, the MnII center is six-coordinated in a distorted octahedral geometry, formed by one tridentate chelate 3-Br-pydc dianion and three water molecules in 1, while the coordination sphere consists of one bidentate chelate 5-Br-pyc anion, one bipy, one water molecule, and one chloride anion in 2 (MnNO5 for 1 and MnN3O2Cl for 2). O–H⋯O hydrogen bonds, Br⋯O halogen bonds, and/or π-π stacking assist in the construction of the three-dimensional (3D) network structures of 1 and 2. Notably, the 5-Br-Hpyc ligand was generated in situ by decarboxylation of the 3-Br-H2pydc precursor under hydrothermal conditions. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility data in the 2–300 K temperature range indicate weak antiferromagnetic coupling in both 1 and 2.
Selected essential oils and their mechanisms for therapeutic use against public health disorders. An overview
Authors: Leherbauer Ingrid , Stappen Iris 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Today, the numbers of people suffering from lifestyle diseases like diabetes, obesity, allergies and depression increases mainly in industrialised states. That does not only lower patients’ quality of life but also severely stresses the health care systems of these countries. Essential oils (EO) have been in use as therapeutic remedies for centuries against various complaints, but still their effectiveness is being underestimated. In the last decades, a great number of controlled studies have supported efficacy of these volatile secondary plant metabolites for various therapeutic indications. Besides others, EO has antidepressant, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, antifirogenic and antiallergic effects. In this review the pharmacological mechanisms for selected EO are summarised and discussed with the main attention on their impact against public health disorders. Additionally, toxicity of these oils as well as possible drug interactions is presented.
Traumatic Stress Induces Prolonged Aggression Increase through Synaptic Potentiation in the Medial Amygdala Circuits
Authors: Nordman Jacob , Ma Xiaoyu , Li Zheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTraumatic stress can lead to heightened aggression which may be a symptom of psychiatric diseases such as PTSD and intermittent explosive disorder. The medial amygdala (MeA) is an evolutionarily conserved subnucleus of the amygdala that regulates attack behavior and behavioral responses to stressors. The precise contribution of the MeA in traumatic stress-induced aggression, however, requires further elucidation. In this study, we used foot shock to induce traumatic stress in mice and examine the mechanisms of prolonged aggression increase associated with it. Foot shock causes a prolonged increase in aggression that lasts at least one week. In vivo electrophysiological recordings revealed that foot shock induces potentiation of synapses formed between the MeA and the ventromedial hypothalamus (VmH) and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). This synaptic potentiation lasts at least one week. Induction of synaptic depotentiation with low-frequency photostimulation (LFPS) immediately after foot shock suppresses the prolonged aggression increase without affecting non-aggressive social behavior, anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors, or fear learning. These results show that potentiation of the MeA-VmH and MeA-BNST circuits is essential for traumatic stress to cause a prolonged increase in aggression. These circuits may be potential targets for the development of therapeutic strategies to treat the aggression symptom associated with psychiatric diseases.
The Legal Fiction of Recognizing the Duties of an Academic Teacher as a Creative Activity
Authors: Bakalarz Tomasz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Polish tax law contains favourable regulations on the income obtained from the use of copyrights. An employee, for example, an academic teacher, can also take advantage of these preferential conditions if s/he performs creative activities as part of her/his professional duties.
The preferential settlement of the payroll tax on the employment of an academic teacher raises doubts from the point of view of tax authorities. What is problematic is how to determine the scale of creative work and the amount of remuneration strictly for this type of work. In the new Law on Higher Education and Science, the legislator intends to resolve these doubts by assuming that performing teaching duties is a creative activity. Consequently, all remuneration is due for the work of the creator and is taxed more favourably.
In this text, the author makes a critical analysis of the legal fiction contained in Article 116 section 7 of the Law on Higher Education and Science. The author assesses the effectiveness of legal regulations in achieving the purpose of the Law – resolving doubts concerning preferential taxation of remuneration for the work of an academic teacher.
The Rector’s Competence in Disciplinary Procedures in the Case of Academic Teachers
Authors: Bocheńska Aleksandra 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The main area of interest of this paper focuses on the rector’s area of competence in disciplinary procedures in the case of academic teachers. This paper is an attempt to characterize and assess the rector’s competence as far as disciplinary responsibility of an academic teacher is concerned. The attempt to evaluate the controlling mechanism of the rector’s legal decisions was also undertaken. The legal range of the rector’s disciplinary competence is relevant from the point of view of the correct and effective decision making with regards to public higher education institution duties.