bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐Lithography Hydrodynamic Printing of Micro/Nanostructures on Curved Surfaces
Authors: Su Meng , Qin Feifei , Zhang Zeying , Chen Bingda , Pan Qi , Huang Zhandong , Cai Zheren , Zhao Zhipeng , Hu Xiaotian , Derome Dominique , Carmeliet Jan , Song Yanlin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA key issue of micro/nano devices is how to integrate micro/nanostructures with specified chemical components onto various curved surfaces. Hydrodynamic printing of micro/nanostructures on three‐dimensional curved surfaces is achieved with a strategy that combines template‐induced hydrodynamic printing and self‐assembly of nanoparticles (NPs). Non‐lithography flexible wall‐shaped templates are replicated with microscale features by dicing a trench‐shaped silicon wafer. Arising from the capillary pumped function between the template and curved substrates, NPs in the colloidal suspension self‐assemble into close‐packed micro/nanostructures without a gravity effect. Theoretical analysis with the lattice Boltzmann model reveals the fundamental principles of the hydrodynamic assembly process. Spiral linear structures achieved by two kinds of fluorescent NPs show non‐interfering photoluminescence properties, while the waveguide and photoluminescence are confirmed in 3D curved space. The printed multiconstituent micro/nanostructures with single‐NP resolution may serve as a general platform for optoelectronics beyond flat surfaces.
Iron‐Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective cis‐Dihydroxylation of Trisubstituted Alkenes with Aqueous H2O2
Authors: Wei Jinhu , Wu Liangliang , Wang Hai‐Xu , Zhang Xiting , Tse Chun‐Wai , Zhou Cong‐Ying , Huang Jie‐Sheng , Che Chi‐Ming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractReliable methods for enantioselective cis‐dihydroxylation of trisubstituted alkenes are scarce. The iron(II) complex cis‐α‐[FeII(2‐Me2‐BQPN)(OTf)2], which bears a tetradentate N4 ligand (Me2‐BQPN=(R,R)‐N,N′‐dimethyl‐N,N′‐bis(2‐methylquinolin‐8‐yl)‐1,2‐diphenylethane‐1,2‐diamine), was prepared and characterized. With this complex as the catalyst, a broad range of trisubstituted electron‐deficient alkenes were efficiently oxidized to chiral cis‐diols in yields of up to 98 % and up to 99.9 % ee when using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant under mild conditions. Experimental studies (including 18O‐labeling, ESI‐MS, NMR, EPR, and UV/Vis analyses) and DFT calculations were performed to gain mechanistic insight, which suggested possible involvement of a chiral cis‐FeV(O)2 reaction intermediate as an active oxidant. This cis‐[FeII(chiral N4 ligand)]2+/H2O2 method could be a viable green alternative/complement to the existing OsO4‐based methods for asymmetric alkene dihydroxylation reactions.
Gold(I) complexes bearing P‐pyrrole phosphine ligands: Synthesis and catalytic activity towards cycloisomerization of 1,6‐enynes
Authors: Sánchez‐Rodríguez Elvia P. , Cortés‐Mendoza Salvador , Daran Jean‐Claude , Ortega‐Alfaro M. Carmen , López‐Cortés José G. , Gouygou Maryse 
Published: June 2020

AbstractP‐pyrrole phosphines (R2Ppyr), in which a pyrrole group is directly bonded to the phosphorus atom, act as monodentate k‐P ligands towards gold(I) center to afford either neutral or cationic mononuclear complexes as well as neutral dinuclear complexes. All of these new gold(I) complexes have been structurally characterized and their first uses in catalysis have demonstrated their effectiveness as precatalysts for the enyne cycloisomerization reactions.
High modulus thermoplastic segmented polyurethane/poly(L‐lactide) blends as potential candidates for structural implantable drug delivery systems: I. Structure‐properties relationship study
Authors: Penhasi Adel , Gertler Aharon , Baluashvili Israel , Elzinaty Omar , Shalev Deborah E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStructural polymers with a high modulus of elasticity have the necessary properties for drug eluting implants which are continuously subjected to long‐term loading. The range of polymers that can be used for this purpose is severely limited by the demanding requirements, such as biocompatibility, specific mechanical properties and the capability to control the release rate of incorporated drugs. A new series of blend compositions was developed for these applications, based on a combination of a high modulus thermoplastic segmented polyurethane (TSPU) (shore D hardness) and poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA). The microstructures and properties of these blends were characterized by DSC, tensile tester, FTIR, SEM, WAXD, transmitted light microscopy and elastic recovery testing. The two polymers were found to be immiscible, irrespective of the weight ratio between them, but still compatible, although the compatibility was reduced in blends with equal weight ratios or thereabouts. The dispersed phase in any case spontaneously organized into microspheres embedded within the continuous phase. PLLA could recrystallize as both the dispersed and the continuous phases. The ultimate mechanical properties and the elastic load‐recovery of the blends were largely dependent on the ratio between the polymers. The ability of these blends to create self‐assembled microspheres and the fact that they did not require a compatibilizer or plasticizer point to the potential of these systems to be used for structural implantable drug delivery systems.
NF‐E2–Related Factor 2 Regulates Interferon Receptor Expression and Alters Macrophage Polarization in Lupus
Authors: Han Shuhong , Zhuang Haoyang , Lee Pui Y. , Li Mingjia , Yang Lijun , Nigrovic Peter A. , Reeves Westley H. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivePristane‐induced lupus is associated with nonresolving inflammation and deficiency of proresolving macrophages. Proresolving nonclassic macrophages (NCMs) are less responsive to type I interferon (IFN) than classic macrophages (CMs; which are proinflammatory), reflecting their relative expression levels of the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR). This study was undertaken to investigate the regulation of IFNAR expression in macrophages.MethodsWe carried out gene expression profiling of purified CMs and NCMs from mice treated with pristane (which develop lupus) or mineral oil (non‐lupus controls). Macrophage differentiation and IFNAR expression were examined in mice treated with NF‐E2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) activators and inhibitors and in Nrf2‐deficient mice. Nrf2 activity was also assessed in blood cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Significant differences were determined by Student's t‐test.ResultsRNA sequencing revealed increased expression of genes regulated by the transcription factor Nrf2 in NCMs from mineral oil–treated versus pristane‐treated mice and in NCMs versus CMs. The Nrf2 activator CDDO‐imidazole (CDDO‐Im) decreased CMs (P < 0.0001) and promoted the development of proresolving NCMs (P = 0.06), whereas the Nrf2 inhibitor brusatol increased CMs (P < 0.05) and decreased NCMs (P < 0.001). CDDO‐Im decreased Ifnar1 (P < 0.001) and IFN‐stimulated gene (ISG) expression in macrophages and alleviated oxidative stress (P < 0.05), whereas brusatol had the opposite effect (P < 0.01). Moreover, Ifnar1 and ISG expression levels were higher in Nrf2‐knockout mice than controls (P < 0.05). As seen in mice with lupus, SLE patients showed evidence of low Nrf2 activity.ConclusionOur findings indicate that Nrf2 activation favors the resolution of chronic inflammation in lupus. Since autoantibody production and lupus nephritis depend on IFNAR signaling, the ability of Nrf2 activators to repolarize macrophages and reduce the INF signature suggests that these agents may warrant consideration for treating lupus.
Untersuchung des Wärmeübergangs von zyklisch beanspruchten Betonzylindern
Authors: Vogel Albert , Benz Alexander , Völker Conrad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWiederkehrende Belastungen, wie sie beispielsweise an Brücken oder Windenergieanlagen auftreten, können innerhalb der Nutzungsdauer solcher Bauwerke bis zu 109 Lastwechsel erreichen. Um das dadurch eintretende Ermüdungsverhalten von Beton zu untersuchen, werden diese zyklischen Beanspruchungen in mechanischen Versuchen mit Prüfzylindern nachgestellt. Damit Versuche mit solch hohen Lastwechselzahlen in akzeptablen Zeitdauern durchgeführt werden können, wird die Belastungsfrequenz erhöht. Als Folge dieser erhöhten Belastungsfrequenz erwärmen sich allerdings die Betonprobekörper, was zu einem früheren, unrealistischen Versagenszeitpunkt führen kann, weshalb die Erwärmung begrenzt werden muss. Um die Wärmefreisetzung in der Probe zu untersuchen, wurden Versuche und Simulationen durchgeführt. Im Beitrag wird die analytische und messtechnische Analyse des Wärmeübergangs an erwärmten Betonzylindern vorgestellt. Resultierend daraus wird eine Möglichkeit zur Reduktion der Erwärmung an zyklisch beanspruchten Betonzylindern vorgestellt.
Tilgerentwurf für Strukturen mit Eigendämpfung bei unscharfer Erregung
Authors: Ruge Peter , Wagner Nils 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDer klassische Entwurf von Schwingungstilgern für Systeme ohne eigene Dämpfung basiert auf einem einfachen Formelsatz nach Den Hartog. Um diesen anwenden zu können, ist das System mit n Freiheitsgraden vorweg durch Modaltransformation auf n formal entkoppelte Einmassenschwinger abzubilden. Im Ergebnis der Tilgerauslegung für eine zu tilgende Eigenschwingungsform liegen die zwei zugeordneten Resonanzspitzen auf gleicher Höhe. Für Systeme mit eigener Dämpfung existieren keine geschlossenen Formulierungen, wohl aber verschiedene iterative Verfahren zur optimalen Tilgerauslegung. Andererseits ist bekannt, dass die Wirksamkeit eines Tilgers sehr sensibel ist bezüglich geringer Änderungen von Systemdaten; so z. B. dem Verhältnis η zwischen Erreger‐ und Eigenfrequenz. Da dieses Verhältnis häufig in gewissen Schranken schwankt, liegt eine Zufallsverteilung für η auf der Hand. Es wird gezeigt, dass eine klassische Tilgerdimensionierung selbst für Originalsysteme mit Eigendämpfung zu einer ebenso guten Schwingungstilgung führt wie eine Tilgerauslegung mit iterativen Optimierungsverfahren.
A turn‐on fluorescent probe based on quinoline and coumarin for rapid, selective and sensitive detection of hypochlorite in water samples
Authors: Liu Ruxin , Zhao Yuqi , Cui Xiaoqian , Sun Xiaoxiao , Fei Qiang , Feng Guodong , Shan Hongyan , Huan Yanfu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA fluorescent probe L‐Cu2+ based on quinoline, coumarin and Cu2+ has been synthesized and characterized for hypochlorite determination. After copper ion was added to the solution of ligand L, the fluorescence quenching at 490 nm might result from a ligand–metal charge transfer (LMCT) process and its strong coordination ability for Cu2+. In the presence of hypochlorite, the structure of ligand L was destroyed to form 7‐(diethylamino)‐coumarin‐3‐carboxylic acid, and the fluorescence was restored at 460 nm. In this case, L‐Cu2+ complex could be used as a fluorescent probe to detect hypochlorite, with the advantages of rapid, selective, wide linear range and low detection limit.
A mechanobiological mathematical model of liver metabolism
Authors: Nikmaneshi Mohammad R. , Firoozabadi Bahar , Munn Lance L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe liver plays a complex role in metabolism and detoxification, and better tools are needed to understand its function and to develop liver‐targeted therapies. In this study, we establish a mechanobiological model of liver transport and hepatocyte biology to elucidate the metabolism of urea and albumin, the production/detoxification of ammonia, and consumption of oxygen and nutrients. Since hepatocellular shear stress (SS) can influence the enzymatic activities of liver, the effect of SS on the urea and albumin synthesis are empirically modeled through the mechanotransduction mechanisms. The results demonstrate that the rheology and dynamics of the sinusoid flow can significantly affect liver metabolism. We show that perfusate rheology and blood hematocrit can affect urea and albumin production by changing hepatocyte mechanosensitive metabolism. The model can also simulate enzymatic diseases of the liver such as hyperammonemia I, hyperammonemia II, hyperarginemia, citrollinemia, and argininosuccinicaciduria, which disrupt the urea metabolism and ammonia detoxification. The model is also able to predict how aggregate cultures of hepatocytes differ from single cell cultures. We conclude that in vitro perfusable devices for the study of liver metabolism or personalized medicine should be designed with similar morphology and fluid dynamics as patient liver tissue. This robust model can be adapted to any type of hepatocyte culture to determine how hepatocyte viability, functionality, and metabolism are influenced by liver pathologies and environmental conditions.
Electrophilic Organobismuth Dication Catalyzes Carbonyl Hydrosilylation
Authors: Kannan Ramkumar , Balasubramaniam Selvakumar , Kumar Sandeep , Chambenahalli Raju , Jemmis Eluvathingal D. , Venugopal Ajay 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBismuth compounds are gaining importance as potential alternatives to transition‐metal complexes and electron deficient lighter p‐block compounds in homogeneous catalysis. Computational analysis on the two‐coordinate [(Me2NC6H4)Bi]2+ possessing three electrophilic sites is experimentally evidenced by the isolation of [{Me2NC6H4}Bi{OP(NMe2)3}3][B(3,5‐C6H3Cl2)4]2. These observations led us to generate dicationic organobismuth catalyst, [(Me2NC6H4)Bi(L)3]2+ (L=aldehyde/ketone), evidenced by NMR spectroscopy in solution and by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction in the solid state. It efficiently catalyzes hydrosilylation of aldehydes and ketones resulting in silyl ethers as the only products in high yields. Our investigations support a carbonyl activation mechanism at the bismuth center followed by Si−H addition.
Directed Gas Phase Formation of Silene (H2SiCH2)
Authors: Yang Zhenghai , Doddipatla Srinivas , He Chao , Krasnoukhov Vladislav S. , Azyazov Valeriy N. , Mebel Alexander M. , Kaiser Ralf I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe silene molecule (H2SiCH2; X1A1) has been synthesized under single collision conditions via the bimolecular gas phase reaction of ground state methylidyne radicals (CH) with silane (SiH4). Exploiting crossed molecular beams experiments augmented by high‐level electronic structure calculations, the elementary reaction commenced on the doublet surface through a barrierless insertion of the methylidyne radical into a silicon‐hydrogen bond forming the silylmethyl (CH2SiH3; X2A′) complex followed by hydrogen migration to the methylsilyl radical (SiH2CH3; X2A′). Both silylmethyl and methylsilyl intermediates undergo unimolecular hydrogen loss to silene (H2SiCH2; X1A1). The exploration of the elementary reaction of methylidyne with silane delivers a unique view at the widely uncharted reaction dynamics and isomerization processes of the carbon–silicon system in the gas phase, which are noticeably different from those of the isovalent carbon system thus contributing to our knowledge on carbon silicon bond couplings at the molecular level.
Enantioselective Total Syntheses of (−)‐20‐epi‐Vincamine and (−)‐20‐epi‐Eburnamonine by Ir‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Imine Hydrogenation/Lactamization Cascade
Authors: Zhang Wen , Chen Xiangtao , An Yi , Wang Jiaqi , Zhuang Chunlin , Tang Pei , Chen Fener 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Eburnamine‐Vincamine alkaloids have been studied intensively over the past six decades for their outstandingly potent vasorelaxation activity. Stereocontrolled assembly of the C20/C21 adjacent chiral centers has been a formidable challenge in the synthesis of this family. Herein, we report a concise stereoselective total synthesis of two trans‐ring‐fused non‐natural analogues, (−)‐20‐epi‐Vincamine and (−)‐20‐epi‐Eburnamonine, that features the following key steps: a) a continuous‐flow oxidation/lactam alcoholysis cascade producing the symmetrical dihydro‐β‐carboline diester precursors, and b) a highly stereoselective Ir/f‐Binaphane‐catalyzed hydrogenation/lactamization cascade leading to the privileged trans‐(20R, 21S) lactam ester scaffold with high‐level enantio‐ and diastereocontrol.
On Heavy‐Tail Phenomena in Some Large‐Deviations Problems
Authors: Augeri Fanny 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe revisit the proof of the large‐deviations principle of Wiener chaoses partially given by Borell and then by Ledoux in its full form. We show that some heavy‐tail phenomena observed in large deviations can be explained by the same mechanism as for the Wiener chaoses, meaning that the deviations are created, in a sense, by translations. More precisely, we prove a general large‐deviations principle for a certain class of functionals , where is some metric space, under the n‐fold probability measure , where α ∈ (0, 2], for which the large deviations are due to translations. We retrieve, as an application, the large‐deviations principles known for the Wigner matrices without Gaussian tails, in works by Bordenave and Caputo on one hand, and the author on the other hand, of the empirical spectral measure, the largest eigenvalue, and traces of polynomials. We also apply our large‐deviations result to the last‐passage time, which yields a large‐deviations principle when the weights follow the law , with α ∈ (0, 1). © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Negative Refraction in the Visible and Strong Plasmonic Resonances in Photonic Structures of the Electride Material Mg2N
Authors: Kim Kwang‐Hyon , Wi Ju‐Hyok , Choe Myong‐Il 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNatural hyperbolic materials have recently attracted great attention due to their capability of supporting spatial mode frequency much higher than artificial metamaterials and the advantage that they do not require nanofabrication processes. For practical applications, however, hyperbolic bulk materials with lower optical losses in shorter wavelength range should be developed. This work presents the electronic structure and dielectric response of an electride Mg2N, revealing that this material exhibits hyperbolic responses with low optical loss in the visible and plasmonic responses with high‐quality in the near‐infrared range. Negative refraction in the red spectral range has been analytically and numerically demonstrated. In particular, nanoantenna structures of Mg2N generate strong plasmonic resonances in the near‐infrared and the intensity enhancement in the gap region is one order of magnitude higher compared with silver nanoantenna due to its much higher quality factor, which can find potential applications for nanoplasmonic purposes such as single molecule detections by surface‐enhanced hyper‐Raman spectroscopy and nonlinear wavelength generations at the nanoscale.
Rhizoma peanut herbage and root–rhizome responses to extended regrowth periods
Authors: Cooley Katie D. , Sollenberger Lynn E. , Kohmann Marta M. , Blount Ann S. , Dubeux Jose C.B. , Silveira Maria L. , da Silva Liliane S. , Aryal Parmeshwor 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRhizoma peanut (RP; Arachis glabrata Benth.) is an important species for hay production in the U.S. Gulf Coast region; however, frequent summer rains and high humidity often preclude optimal harvest intervals. Extended regrowth periods are common on‐farm but data are limited assessing their impact on plant responses. The objective was to compare above‐ and belowground responses of 14 RP entries to defoliation frequency during 3 yr. Frequencies were one (1×) and two (2×) harvests per year, reflecting common producer practice. Annual herbage accumulation (HA) was approximately twice as great for 2× than 1× (10.5 vs. 5.4 Mg ha−1 yr−1, respectively). An exception was experimental line Beta for which HA did not differ between frequencies, perhaps because of Beta's greater disease tolerance that minimized leaf shedding. The 2× frequency also had greater herbage crude protein concentration than 1× (150 and 125 g kg−1, respectively). Reductions in HA and nutritive value for 1× vs. 2× were generally greatest for upright‐growing entries. Plots cut once per year had 54% more root–rhizome mass than those cut twice (8.5 vs 5.5 Mg ha−1, respectively) but defoliation frequency did not affect root–rhizome total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) concentration. Results indicated RP hay producers should harvest both summer and fall (2×) at minimum. If rhizomes are to be dug for subsequent vegetative propagation, defoliation should be limited to once annually to avoid reduction in root–rhizome mass.
Delivering a timely and Just Energy Transition: Which policy research priorities?
Authors: Pellegrini‐Masini Giuseppe , Pirni Alberto , Maran Stefano , Klöckner Christian A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn recent years, the concept of “energy justice” has attracted much attention and research effort. Although all policy issues related to energy justice are worthy of further study, the time constraints posed by the looming threat of climate change suggests the need for coordinated policy research efforts. At the current stage of development of European societies, we consider that four policy research strands might be most important in the light of specific evolving trends of European energy systems. Therefore, we propose these priorities as a shared research agenda for academic and policy researchers. In this article, we develop and discuss the following four research priority strands: (a) intergenerational justice and energy justice, (b) justice and energy vulnerability, (c) transformation of the social imaginary and energy infrastructure, and (d) damage, compensation, and energy infrastructure. For each topic, we highlight their critical issues and research opportunities. We conclude that these priorities are necessary not only to accelerate the energy transition but also to avoid negative impacts that climate change and the transition phase could produce on already established patterns of inequality.
Lipidomic Profiling Reveals the Effect of Egg Components on Nonalcoholic Steatosis in HepG2 Cells and Its Involved Mechanisms
Authors: Yu Zhihui , Wang Shiyao , Hou Huaming , Ma Ling , Zhu Yingchun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of cardiovascular disease. The relationship between egg consumption and NAFLD is still controversial for its high cholesterol content. In this study, the effects of different egg components (egg white (EW), egg yolk (EY), and whole egg (WE)) on NAFLD are examined using oleic acid (OA)‐induced HepG2 cells with UPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS approach. The results show EY could affect the lipid profile effectively by increasing phosphocholine (PC), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and carnitine (CAR). Orthogonal projections to latent structures−discriminate analysis (OPLS‐DA) combine with S‐plot analysis select 10, 82, and 20 potential biomarkers in EW, EY, and WE group, respectively. Up‐regulated TG, DG, and down‐regulated lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (lysoPE) biomarkers are found in EY group, while down‐regulated TG and FFA are found in EW and WE group. Glycerolipid and choline metabolism are the most involved pathways affected by EY and WE. In addition, the mechanism is associated with the expression of Pla2g15, Pnpla6‐1, Gad1, and involved lipogenic genes ABC1 and PPARα. This study suggests that WE treatment can ameliorate OA‐induced hepatic steatosis by inhibiting TG accumulation, while EY seems slightly accelerate hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, the effects are closely associated with its effects on glycerolipid metabolism.Practical applications: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a worldwide disease, while the associations between egg consumption and NAFLD are still poorly understood. This study investigates the effects of egg components on NAFLD in oleic acid (OA)‐induced HepG2 cells based on a targeted lipidomics approach. The results indicate that WE (whole egg) treatment could ameliorate OA‐induced hepatic steatosis by inhibiting TG and FFA accumulation, which is closely associated with glycerolipid metabolism. The results provide knowledge and understanding of the effects of egg on NAFLD and involved mechanism, and further provided nutritional guidelines for egg consumption.