bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antiemetic Use in Oncology: Updated Guideline Recommendations from ASCO
Authors: Basch Ethan , Prestrud Ann Alexis , Hesketh Paul J. , Kris Mark G. , Somerfield Mark R. , Lyman Gary H. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: In 2011, ASCO updated its guideline for the use of antiemetics in oncology, informed by a systematic review of the medical literature. This is an abbreviated version of that guideline, which is available in full at www.asco.org/guidelines/antiemetics . Key changes from the prior update in 2006 include the following: Combined anthracycline and cyclophosphamide regimens were reclassified as highly emetic. Patients who receive this combination or any highly emetic agents should receive a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, dexamethasone, and an NK1 receptor antagonist. A large trial validated the equivalency of fosaprepitant, a single-day intravenous formulation, with aprepitant; either therapy is appropriate. Preferential use of palonosetron is recommended for moderate emetic risk regimens, combined with dexamethasone. For low-risk agents, patients can be offered dexamethasone before the first dose of chemotherapy. Patients undergoing high emetic risk radiation therapy should receive a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist before each fraction and for 24 hours following treatment and may receive a 5-day course of dexamethasone during fractions 1 to 5. Continued symptom monitoring throughout therapy is recommended. Clinicians often underestimate the incidence of nausea, which is not as well controlled as vomiting. Detailed information about the development of the guideline as well as practice tools are available at www.asco.org/guidelines/antiemetics .
The Oncologist as the Patient with Cancer or Relative
Authors: Gilewski Teresa , Raber Martin , Sledge George W. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: To an extent, physicians are familiar with the consequences of illness through their interactions with patients. However, when cancer becomes personal, the physician has an opportunity to gain greater insight into the intricacies of medical care, including its humanistic elements. Physicians who encounter cancer in themselves or in a relative may deepen their understanding of the patient experience. Their views provide a unique perspective, on the basis of the convergence of their medical knowledge and personal reaction to illness. They also confront distinct challenges specific to their work environment. An enhanced recognition of their viewpoints provides valuable information in the quest to alleviate patient suffering and explore the fundamentals of patient care.
Recent Advances in Cardiotoxicity of Anticancer Therapies
Authors: Ryberg Marianne 
Published: February 2020

Overview: The treatment of two major diseases in the Western world, cancer and heart disease, has improved significantly in recent years. Today, many more cancers are curable than in previous years. Cancer treatment often consists of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and now also targeted therapy. All three types of treatment can lead to an increased risk of developing or of worsening a pre-existent cardiovascular disease either during the treatment, immediately afterward, or several years after cessation of therapy. Anthracyclines, a class of drugs that are also known as anthracycline antibiotics, and the drug cisplatin have contributed to the success of cancer treatment. However, these agents can cause cardiovascular disease during treatment, and studies have shown that the risk of disease persists for many years after treatment stops. Irradiation contributes significantly to this risk when the cardiovascular system is part of the radiation field. If the targeted therapy also inhibits the genes responsible for maintaining the function of the cardiovascular system, development of cardiovascular symptoms is inevitable. Therefore, it is essential to have a cardiovascular endpoint in trials with targeted therapy. When treatment stops, however, the effect on the cardiovascular system appears to cease, but it is not known whether the long-term risk of developing cardiovascular disease increases. Combined, these factors indicate that close cooperation between oncologists and cardiologists is essential to optimally benefit patients with cancer.
Practical Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events from Immune Checkpoint Protein Antibodies for the Oncologist
Authors: Weber Jeffrey S. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Monoclonal antibodies directed against immune checkpoint proteins, such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) or programmed death-1 (PD-1), can boost endogenous immune responses directed against tumor cells. Recently, ipilimumab was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, and the anti-PD-1 antibody BMS-936558 has shown promising results in patients with melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and renal cell cancer. During treatment with these antibodies, a unique set of toxicities occur called immune-related adverse events (irAEs). These irAEs may occur at any time during treatment and include colitis characterized by a mild to moderate but occasionally severe and persistent diarrhea. Hypophysitis, hepatitis, pancreatitis, iridocyclitis, lymphadenopathy, neuropathies, and nephritis have also been reported with ipilimumab, and a subset of those side effects has also been observed with BMS-936558. Patient and physician education as well as good patient–caretaker communication are keys to limiting the morbidity of irAEs. Early recognition of these irAEs and initiation of treatment are critical to reduce the risk of complications, since virtually all irAEs are reversible with the use of steroids and other immune suppressants. The onset of grade 3 to 4 irAEs correlated with treatment response in some ipilimumab studies. This article provides detailed description and recommendations for practicing oncologists to manage the common irAEs associated with antibodies against immune checkpoint blockade.
Individual Communications Against Poland Before the Human Rights Committee: a Review and Tentative Conclusions
Authors: Łasak Katarzyna 
Published: February 2020

Poland has been a party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 16 December 1966 for forty years, and has been recognizing the right of individuals to submit applications to the Human Rights Committee for 25 years. The total number of communications amounts to 11, and the results of the examination thereof encourage consideration of denouncing the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 16 December 1966.
Determination of an impulsive diffusion operator from interior spectral data
Authors: Khalili Yasser , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In the present work, the interior spectral data is used to investigate the inverse problem
for a diffusion operator with an impulse on the half line. We show that the potential functions

q
0

⁢

(
x
)

{q_{0}(x)}

and

q
1

⁢

(
x
)

{q_{1}(x)}

can be uniquely established by taking a set of values of the
eigenfunctions at some internal point and one spectrum.
Bakhtin and Shpet – Inheritance and Transcendence
Authors: Xiao Jingyu , Wang Ruofan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In the history of Russian philosophy of language, Bakhtin and Shpet are two very important figures. As scholars having reached the peak of academic humanities, they both scored great achievements in many fields. The contributions they made to semiotics have a direct impact on the semiotic view of the Moscow-Tartu School and other scholars who later represented the highest achievements of Russian semiotics. It was many years earlier than Bakhtin that Shpet put forward views similar to those of Bakhtin. But Bakhtin surpassed Shpet and extended semiotics to a broader humanistic space.
Dynamic Coherence in the Dialogue of Subjects
Authors: Ye Danmin , Wang Dongzhu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
As the subjects to create and construct coherence in discourses, human beings should become the focus of coherence study. This paper points out the linguistic philosophical nature of discourse coherence and discusses the existence, dynamicity, and plasticity of dialogicity among subjects in coherence based on Bakhtin’s Theory of Dialogue. We demonstrate the construction of coherence on the basis of intentional space, which consists of theme, subject, and the whole context (or TSW structure). This paper analyzes two poems, one a Chinese poem and the other an English poem, as examples to verify the existence, dynamicity, and plasticity of dialogicity among subjects in the coherence space construction process. We also apply the TSW structure to the analysis of these two poems. This study provides discourse subjects with helpful tips and enhances comprehension of the discourse.
The simulation approach to the interpretation of archival aerial photographs
Authors: Siok Katarzyna , Ewiak Ireneusz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractArchival aerial photographs obtained in the 20th century play a special role in the process of upgrading the register of land and buildings. These photographs are the only resource presenting credible information on the coverage and use of land in a high degree of detail. In this article, particular attention is paid to the aspect of the spectral resolution of archival aerial photographs. Preliminary research was conducted into the assessment of the impact of simulations of new spectral bands with high spatial resolution for archival photographs upon the interpretation process of such data. The proposed simulation method of new bands is based on the integration of archival monochromatic aerial images with archival multispectral satellite imagery. Visual and quantitative comparative analysis of monochromatic imagery and of enhanced images obtained by application of the simulation process was performed. The results of this research unanimously confirmed the improved interpretation possibilities of archival aerial photographs, associated not only with the assignment of colours but also with the reconstruction of spectral information for the arable and afforested land photographed.
Strengthening health care worker engagement with early adolescence in low- and middle-income countries: an overdue area for action
Authors: Sommer Marni , Daly Garrison , Kabiru Caroline , Lhaki Pema , Okwaro Neville , Chandra-Mouli Venkatraman 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The very young adolescent population (ages 10–14) is currently under-served by health care systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Although there is a substantial and growing effort to reach adolescents with the health services and commodities they need, such efforts often overlook the period of early adolescence given this population’s lower vulnerability to risk-taking behaviors. However, early adolescence is a period of significant change, with the onset of puberty introducing physiological, emotional, and social changes in girls’ and boys’ lives. This period also represents a time of intensifying gendered norms, and the transition of youth from childhood focused health care (e.g. deworming programs, nutrition interventions) to additional mid- and older adolescent related care [e.g. human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine, and contraceptive provision). Strengthening young adolescents’ engagement with health care workers around preventative and promotive health behaviors could have profound impacts on their health and wellbeing, which in turn could have cascading effects across the course of their lives. Critically, young adolescents would gain trust in health care systems, and be more likely to return when significant health issues arise later in adolescence or adulthood. Such an effort requires sensitizing health care workers and building their capacity to respond to young adolescents’ unique needs, by defining a package of actions that they are mandated to provide, training them, providing them with desk reference tools, and putting in place systems to provide supportive supervision and collaborative learning on the one hand, and encouraging caregivers to connect their pubescent-aged boys and girls with the health care system, on the other hand. This paper presents an argument for increased focus in particular on building attitudes and capacities of health care workers on engaging with early adolescents, applying Principle 3 of the Society of Adolescent Medicine’s position paper entitled “Health Care Reform and Adolescents.”
Population viability analysis of common marsupials,Didelphis marsupialisandDidelphis virginiana, in a scenario of constant loss of native vegetation
Authors: Cruz-Salazar Bárbara , Ruiz-Montoya Lorena 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe studied the population viability of two common marsupials,Didelphis marsupialisandDidelphis virginiana, based on field data and published ecological and genetic information. Using the VORTEX v. 10. 2.6 program, a 100-year simulation was performed with 1000 iterations for five populations ofD. marsupialisand six ofD. virginiana. A low probability of extinction was observed in both species, particularly forD. virginiana(0.000–0.007). Population size is higher considering a metapopulation dynamics approach versus individual populations for the two marsupials: 498.25 individuals forD. marsupialisand 367.41 individuals forD. virginiana. The estimated mean genetic diversity was high for bothD. marsupialis(He = 0.77–0.78) andD. virginiana(He = 0.79–0.82). The survival of both species over time could be expected to increase if a metapopulation dynamics is favored over the coming decades, despite a 1.3% loss rate of forest cover. The monitoring of population size and genetic diversity is highly recommended to validate the trends suggested by the model; this is especially true forD. marsupialis, a species associated with conserved areas that are becoming progressively less abundant. This research provides information on the responses of common mammalian species to environmental changes such as deforestation.
Mixed germ cell tumor of the endometrium: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Heping , Liu Fangyun , Wei Jianguo , Xue Debin , Xie Zhengxin , Xu Chunwei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Germ cell tumors (GCTs) localized extragonadally are rare, with only 14 reported cases of a yolk sac tumor in the endometrium. Here we report a case of mixed endometrium GCTs in a 65-year-old postmenopausal woman with abnormal vaginal bleeding. An ultrasound examination showed an oval-shaped mass in the patient’s uterine cavity. Biochemical examination revealed elevated serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) at 359 ng/mL, whereas the tumor markers CA-125, CA-199, and CEA were all within normal range. Total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed;. a histological examination revealed that the malignant components contained a yolk sac tumor, embryonal carcinoma, and focal immature teratoma. Immunohistochemical staining showed that AFPs were diffusively distributed in both the yolk sac tumor and embryonal carcinoma. The stem cell marker OCT3/4 was positive in the embryonal carcinoma component and that the pan-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 staining was positive in glandular areas. GFAPs (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Proteins) were positive in neuroectodermal tubules; the Ki-67 protein was positive in 90% of the tumor cells, whereas CD117 and placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) were negative. The cumulative evidence indicated mixed GCTs of endometrium as the final histopathological diagnosis. The patient received three courses of adjunct chemotherapy that provided good therapeutic efficacy as evidenced by the decreased serum AFP level. Our report on this rare case of mixed GCTs of the endometrium, supported by associated histological patterns and immunophenotypes and successful adjunct chemotherapy after surgery, could provide insight on future treatment of this rare but lethal disease.
Theoretical Studies of the Defect Structures for Cu(en)3
2+ and Ru(en)3
3+ Clusters in Tris(Ethylenediamine) Complexes
Authors: Liu Xu-Sheng , Wu Shao-Yi , Han Meng , Zhu Qing-Sheng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The local structures and spin Hamiltonian parameters (SHPs, g factors, and hyperfine structure constants) for the Cu(en)3
2+ and Ru(en)3
3+ clusters in ethylenediamine complexes are theoretically studied from perturbation formulae for tetragonally and trigonally elongated octahedral 3d9 and 4d5 clusters, respectively. Cu2+ centres I and II may experience the slight relative elongations ΔZ by about 0.005 and 0.007 Å in Zn(en)3(NO3)2 polycrystalline powder at 4.2 K and room temperature, respectively, along the C4 axis arising from the Jahn–Teller effect. For Ru(en)3
3+ cluster in the uniaxial [Rh(en)3Cl3]2NaCl ⋅ 6H2O single crystal doped with the single-crystal chloride salt [Ru(en)3]Cl3 ⋅ 4H2O, the local impurity–ligand bonding angle related to the C3 axis suffers a negative variation Δβ (≈−1.85°) with respect to the host βH in [Ru(en)3]Cl3 ⋅ 4H2O at 4 K. The features of SHPs and defect structures for the Cu(en)3
2+ and Ru(en)3
3+ clusters are also discussed in view of the different experimental temperatures.
Point-evaluation functionals on algebras of symmetric functions on $(L_\infty)^2$
Authors: Vasylyshyn T.V. 
Published: February 2020

It is known that every continuous symmetric (invariant under the composition of its argument with each Lebesgue measurable bijection of $[0,1]$ that preserve the Lebesgue measure of measurable sets) polynomial on the Cartesian power of the complex Banach space $L_\infty$ of all Lebesgue measurable essentially bounded complex-valued functions on $[0,1]$ can be uniquely represented as an algebraic combination, i.e., a linear combination of products, of the so-called elementary symmetric polynomials. Consequently, every continuous complex-valued linear multiplicative functional (character) of an arbitrary topological algebra of the functions on the Cartesian power of $L_\infty,$ which contains the algebra of continuous symmetric polynomials on the Cartesian power of $L_\infty$ as a dense subalgebra, is uniquely determined by its values on elementary symmetric polynomials. Therefore, the problem of the description of the spectrum (the set of all characters) of such an algebra is equivalent to the problem of the description of sets of the above-mentioned values of characters on elementary symmetric polynomials.
In this work, the problem of the description of sets of values of characters, which are point-evaluation functionals, on elementary symmetric polynomials on the Cartesian square of $L_\infty$ is completely solved. We show that sets of values of point-evaluation functionals on elementary symmetric polynomials satisfy some natural condition. Also, we show that for any set $c$ of complex numbers, which satisfies the above-mentioned condition, there exists an element $x$ of the Cartesian square of $L_\infty$ such that values of the point-evaluation functional at $x$ on elementary symmetric polynomials coincide with the respective elements of the set $c.$
Invasive leafminer moths (Gracillariidae stainton, 1854) in fauna of the Botanical Garden of Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Authors: Holoborodko K. K. , Rusinov V. S. , Seliutina O. V. 
Published: February 2020

History of Lepidoptera adventitious species invasion on territory of the Botanical Garden of the Oles Gonchar Dnipro national university dates back over 15 years. During this period, four invader species belonging to leaf blotch miner moth family (Gracillariidae Stainton, 1854) were found: horse-chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella Deschka et Dimić, 1986), lime leaf miner (Phyllonorycter issikiimama, 1963), black locust leaf miners (Parectopa robiniella Clemens, 1863 and Phyllonorycter robiniella Clemens, 1859).
Spectrum of trophic relationships of leaf-mining lepidoptera invasive complex on territory of the Botanical Garden was established, invading species of the family Gracillariidae were found on horse chestnut leaves (Aesculus hippocastanum L., 1753), Norway maple (Acer platanoides L., 1753), and linden european (Tilia ×europaea L., 1753).
Assessment of leaf damage status was provided. The largest damages were registered on horse chestnut, up to 80% trees of which were completely defoliated by the end of summer period, which eventually leads to drying out and subsequent death of the trees.
Of particular concern is outbreak of black locust leafminer moths complex. For the first time their mines were registered in 2007. Since then, it can be stated that all Robinia trees growing in the botanical garden were settled with the miners. Statistical processing data obtained during the morphological studies of mines of both species indicate a their great ecological plasticity.
The most recent invasion of adventitious species Gracillariidae can be considered the emergence of Phyllonorycter issikii. The first registrations were carried out in 2015; since then the species is recorded annually on Tilia cordata. For all the time of observation, this species did not show a tendency to increase in numbers, and it has not been registered on other Tilia species.
Tip 1 Diyabetli Çocuk ve Adolesanlarda Kardiyak Fonksiyonların Konvansiyonel Ekokardiyografi ile Erken Dönem Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÇETİNER Nilüfer , BOLU Semih , ALMIŞ Habip , İŞLEYEN Fatih , TURGUT Mehmet 
Published: February 2020

Amaç: Kardiyak
disfonksiyonun tip 1 diyabetin ciddi ve sık görülen komplikasyonlarından biri
olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, tip 1 diyabet tanılı çocuk ve
adolesanların kardiyak etkilenmenin konvansiyonel ekokardiyografi ile erken
dönemde değerlendirilmesiydi.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada
53 tip 1 Diyabet tanılı çocuk ve adolesan ile benzer yaş ve cinsiyette 55
sağlıklı çocuk ve adolesan yer almaktadır. Katılımcıların, boy, kilo, vücut
kitle indeksi ve kan basıncı değerleri kaydedildi. Tip 1 diyabetli hasta
grubunda glisemik kontrol için glikolize hemoglobin ölçümü yapıldı. Tüm
katılımcıların miyokardiyal sistolik ve diyastolik fonksiyonları
konvansiyonel ekokardiyografi yöntemi ile değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Tip 1
diyabetli 53 hastada kontrol grubuna göre triküspid kapağın A dalga akım hızı
anlamlı yüksek (p=0,04) ve triküspid E/A oranı ise anlamlı düşük (p=0,02) bulundu. Sol ventrikül fraksiyonel
kısalma ve ejeksiyon fraksiyonu hasta grubunda kontrole göre daha düşük
bulundu, ancak istatiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (p değerleri sırasıyla 0,675,
0,933). Hasta grubunda glikolize hemoglobin düzeyi ile sol ventrikül sistolik
fonksiyonu arasında ise istatiksel olarak anlamlı negatif korelasyon bulundu
(p= 0,049, r= -0,669).

Sonuç: Tip 1 diyabet
tanısı olan çocuk ve adolesanlarda erken dönemde bile ekokardiyografik olarak sağ
ventrikülde diyastolik disfonksiyon ve glikolize hemoglobin düzeyi ile sol ventrikül ejeksiyon fraksiyonu
arasında negatif korelasyonun gösterilmesi, kötü glisemik kontrollü diyabetik hastaların
peryodik olarak kardiyak değerlendirmelerinin noninvazif tanı yöntemi olan
ekokardiyografi ile yapılmasının gerekli olduğunu düşündürmektedir