bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early recovery of oxygen kinetics after submaximal exercise test predicts functional capacity in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Nanas Serafim , Nanas John , Kassiotis Christos , Nikolaou Chara , Tsagalou Eleytheria , Sakellariou Demetrios , Terovitis Ioannis , Papazachou Ourania , Drakos Stavros , Papamichalopoulos Antonios , Roussos Charis 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBackground:Oxygen (O2) uptake at peak exercise (VO2 peak) is an objective measurement of functional capacity in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). The significance of recovery O2 kinetics parameters in predicting exercise capacity, and the parameters of submaximal exercise testing have not been thoroughly examined.Methods and results:Thirty‐six patients (mean age‐48±14 years) with CHF and New York Heart Association functional class I [12], II [17], or III [7], and eight healthy volunteers (mean age‐39±13 years) were studied with maximal and submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). The first degree slope of O2 uptake decay during early recovery from maximal (VO2/t‐slope), and submaximal exercise (VO2/t‐slope)sub, were calculated, along with VO2 half‐time (T1/2VO2). Patients with CHF had a longer recovery of O2 uptake after exercise than healthy volunteers, expressed by a lower VO2/t‐slope (0.616±0.317 vs. 0.956±0.347 l min−1 min−1, P‐0.029) and greater T1/2VO2 (1.28±0.30 vs. 1.05±0.15 min, P‐0.005). VO2/t‐slope correlated with the VO2 peak (r‐0.84, P<0.001), anaerobic threshold (r‐0.79, P<0.001), and T1/2VO2, a previously established estimate of recovery O2 kinetics (r‐−0.59, P<0.001). (VO2/t‐slope)sub was highly correlated with VO2/t‐slope after maximal exercise (r‐0.87, P<0.001), with the VO2 peak (r‐0.87, P<0.001) and with T1/2VO2 after maximal exercise (r‐−0.62, P<0.001). VO2/t‐slope after maximal and submaximal exercise was reduced in patients with severe exercise intolerance (F‐9.3, P<0.001 and F‐12.8, P<0.001, respectively).Conclusions:Early recovery O2 kinetics parameters after maximal and submaximal exercise correlate closely with established indices of exercise capacity in patients with CHF and in healthy volunteers. These findings support the use of early recovery O2 kinetics after submaximal exercise testing as an index of functional capacity in patients with CHF.
Midwifery Management of Breastfeeding: Using the Evidence
Authors: Smith Jan Weingrad , Mary Rose Tully 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTStrong evidence supports breastfeeding as the appropriate health choice for both mothers and infants. However, the mechanics of breastfeeding are frequently less well understood. This review of both the research and clinical evidence regarding appropriate breastfeeding management is designed to aid the midwife and other health care professionals in providing care and teaching, which will optimize maternal and infant health.
An enhanced indoor visible light communication physical‐layer security scheme for 5G networks: Survey, security challenges, and channel analysis secrecy performance
Authors: Shaaban Rana , Faruque Saleh 
Published: January 2021

SummaryVisible light communication (VLC) is considered to be a great replacement or complement to existing radio frequency networks to provide the future fifth‐generation (5G) wireless technology with higher data rates for indoor connectivity, which alleviates the traffic demand. Therefore, many issues emerged regarding the security in 5G networks as human safety is at risk. This work presents a comprehensive study on the physical‐layer security (PLS) and solutions in 5G networks, specifically, the security of VLC technology as one of the core PLS solutions for 5G future wireless networks. Furthermore, VLC threats and PLS solutions are extensively investigated. Based on our study, we propose a new indoor VLC secure model to enhance the secrecy performance in VLC networks using a combination of multiple PLS techniques to achieve this aim as beamforming, secure communication zones, and friendly jamming. The simulation results with respect to the received optical power and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) prove that the proposed indoor VLC model can improve the secrecy performance. As the user's SNR exceeded 100 dB and optical received power reached 15 mW, the malicious user's SNR barely reached 30 dB with a 4‐μW received power outside the target zone increasing his interference level. Finally, future research directions in VLC security are outlined to encourage future research.
Quantum periods and TBA-like equations for a class of Calabi-Yau geometries
Authors: Du Bao-ning , Huang Min-xin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe continue the study of a novel relation between quantum periods and TBA(Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz)-like difference equations, generalize previous works to a large class of Calabi-Yau geometries described by three-term quantum operators. We give two methods to derive the TBA-like equations. One method uses only elementary functions while the other method uses Faddeev’s quantum dilogarithm function. The two approaches provide different realizations of TBA-like equations which are nevertheless related to the same quantum period.
On BPS strings in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Ashok Sujay K. , Gupta Varun , Suryanarayana Nemani V. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe study singular time-dependent$$ \frac{1}{8} $$18-BPS configurations in the abelian sector of$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory that represent BPS string-like defects in ℝ ×S3spacetime. Such BPS strings can be described as intersections of the zeros of holomorphic functions in two complex variables with a 3-sphere. We argue that these BPS strings map to$$ \frac{1}{8} $$18-BPS surface operators under the state-operator correspondence of the CFT. We show that the string defects are holographically dual to noncompact probe D3-branes in globalAdS5×S5that share supersymmetries with a class of dual-giant gravitons. For simple configurations, we demonstrate how to define a good variational problem and propose a regularization scheme that leads to finite energy and global charges on both sides of the holographic correspondence.
Understanding the MiniBooNE and the muon and electron g − 2 anomalies with a light Z′ and a second Higgs doublet
Authors: Abdallah Waleed , Gandhi Raj , Roy Samiran 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTwo of the most widely studied extensions of the Standard Model (SM) area) the addition of a new U(1) symmetry to its existing gauge groups, andb) the expansion of its scalar sector to incorporate a second Higgs doublet. We show that when combined, they allow us to understand the electron-like event excess seen in the MiniBooNE (MB) experiment as well as account for the observed anomalous values of the muon magnetic moment. A lightZ′associated with an additional U(1) coupled to baryons and to the dark sector, with flavor non-universal couplings to leptons, in conjunction with a second Higgs doublet is capable of explaining the MB excess. TheZ′obtains its mass from a dark singlet scalar, which mixes with the two Higgs doublets. Choosing benchmark parameter values, we show that$$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_{B-3{L}_{\tau }} $$U1B−3Lτ, which is anomaly-free, and U(1)B, both provide (phenomenologically) equally good solutions to the excess. We also point out the other (anomaly-free) U(1) choices that may be possible upon fuller exploration of the parameter space. We obtain very good matches to the energy and angular distributions for neutrinos and anti-neutrinos in MB. The extended Higgs sector has two light CP-even scalars,h′andH, and their masses and couplings are such that in principle, both contribute to help explain the MB excess as well as the present observed values of the muon and electrong −2. We discuss the constraints on our model as well as future tests. Our work underlines the role that light scalars may play in understanding present-day low-energy anomalies. It also points to the possible existence of portals to the dark sector, i.e., a light gauge boson field (Z′) and a dark neutrino which mixes with the active neutrinos, as well as a dark sector light scalar which mixes with the extended Higgs sector.
Role of Chewing Gum in Reducing Postoperative Ileus after Reversal of Ileostomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bhatti Samiullah , Malik Yusra Jahangir , Changazi Shabbar Hussain , Rahman Usman Ali , Malik Awais Amjad , Butt Usman Ismat , Umar Muhammad , Farooka Muhammad Waris , Ayyaz Mahmood 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative ileus is one of the most prevalent and troublesome problems after any elective or emergency laparotomy. Gum chewing has emerged as a new and simple modality for decreasing postoperative ileus. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of chewing gum in reducing postoperative ileus in terms of passage of flatus and total length of hospital stay.Patients and methodsThis single‐blinded, randomized clinical trial was conducted in department of surgery, Services Hospital Lahore, between November 2013 and November 2015. The patients were divided into two groups: chewing gum (Group A) and no chewing gum (Group B). Starting 6 h after the operation, Group A patients were asked to chew gum for 30 min every 8 h; bowel sounds, passage of flatus and total length of hospital stay were noted. Outcome measures such as passage of flatus and total length of hospital stay in patients undergoing reversal of ileostomy were compared using t‐test.ResultsMean age of the patients in Group A was 26.12 (± 7.1) years and in Group B was 28.80 (± 10.5) years. There were 25 males (50%) and 25 females (50%) in Group A. In Group B, there were 29 males (58%) and 21 females (42%). Mean BMI in Group A was 23.5 (± 5.3), and in Group B was 21.4 (± 4.6). The mean time to pass flatus was noted to be significantly shorter, 18.36 (± 8.43) hours, in the chewing group (Group A), whereas in the no chewing gum group (Group B), it was 41.16 (± 6.14) hours (p value < 0.001). The mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter 84 (± 8.3) hours in the chewing gum group (Group A) as compared to 107.04 (± 6.4) hours in the no chewing gum group (Group B) (p value 0.000).ConclusionIt is concluded that postoperative chewing of gum after the reversal of ileostomy is accompanied with a significantly shorter time to passage of flatus and shorter length of hospital stay.
A review on drones controlled in real-time
Authors: Kangunde Vemema , Jamisola Rodrigo S. , Theophilus Emmanuel K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper presents related literature review on drones or unmanned aerial vehicles that are controlled in real-time. Systems in real-time control create more deterministic response such that tasks are guaranteed to be completed within a specified time. This system characteristic is very much desirable for drones that are now required to perform more sophisticated tasks. The reviewed materials presented were chosen to highlight drones that are controlled in real time, and to include technologies used in different applications of drones. Progress has been made in the development of highly maneuverable drones for applications such as monitoring, aerial mapping, military combat, agriculture, etc. The control of such highly maneuverable vehicles presents challenges such as real-time response, workload management, and complex control. This paper endeavours to discuss real-time aspects of drones control as well as possible implementation of real-time flight control system to enhance drones performance.
Genetic and Epidemiological Study of Adult Ataxia and Spastic Paraplegia in Eastern Quebec
Authors: Haj Salem Ikhlass , Beaudin Marie , Stumpf Monica , Estiar Mehrdad A. , Côté Pierre-Olivier , Brunet Francis , Gamache Pierre-Luc , Rouleau Guy A. , Mourabit-Amari Karim , Gan-Or Ziv , Dupré Nicolas 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT:Objective:To estimate the minimum prevalence of adult hereditary ataxias (HA) and spastic paraplegias (HSP) in Eastern Quebec and to evaluate the proportion of associated mutations in identified genes.Methods:We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of patients who met clinical criteria for the diagnosis of HA (n = 241) and HSP (n = 115) in the East of the Quebec province between January 2007 and July 2019. The primary outcome was the prevalence per 100,000 persons with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The secondary outcome was the frequency of mutations identified by targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach. Minimum carrier frequency for identified variants was calculated based on allele frequency values and the Hardy–Weinberg (HW) equation.Results:The minimum prevalence of HA in Eastern Quebec was estimated at 6.47/100 000 [95% CI; 6.44–6.51]; divided into 3.73/100 000 for autosomal recessive (AR) ataxias and 2.67/100 000 for autosomal dominant (AD) ataxias. The minimum prevalence of HSP was 4.17/100 000 [95% CI; 4.14–4.2]; with 2.05/100 000 for AD-HSP and 2.12/100 000 for AR-HSP. In total, 52.4% of patients had a confirmed genetic diagnosis. AR cerebellar ataxia type 1 (2.67/100 000) and AD spastic paraplegia SPG4 (1.18/100 000) were the most prevalent disorders identified. Mutations were identified in 23 genes and molecular alterations in 7 trinucleotides repeats expansion; the most common mutations were c.15705–12 A > G in SYNE1 and c.1529C > T (p.A510V) in SPG7.Conclusions:We described the minimum prevalence of genetically defined adult HA and HSP in Eastern Quebec. This study provides a framework for international comparisons and service planning.
Bounds for sets with no polynomial progressions
Authors: Peluse Sarah 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Let

$P_1,\dots ,P_m\in \mathbb{Z} [y]$

be polynomials with distinct degrees, each having zero constant term. We show that any subset A of

$\{1,\dots ,N\}$

with no nontrivial progressions of the form

$x,x+P_1(y),\dots ,x+P_m(y)$

has size

$|A|\ll N/(\log \log {N})^{c_{P_1,\dots ,P_m}}$

. Along the way, we prove a general result controlling weighted counts of polynomial progressions by Gowers norms.
Erring Experts? A Critique of Wine Ratings as Hedonic Scaling
Authors: Marks Denton 
Published: January 2021

AbstractConsumers use expert ratings to help choose wine, and economists find correlations between ratings and transaction prices. Rating scales resemble hedonic scales in the behavioral sciences, which suffer from an “intersubjectivity” problem. Taste is a private sensation; people taste differently (an external validity problem), so ratings are often unreliable hedonic markers of enjoyment. But why? Hedonic measurements from food science (“general Labeled Magnitude Scales”) attempt to adjust for differences in perceived sensory sensitivity and offer clues. Resulting insights illustrate wine ratings’ shortcomings as reliable guides to enjoyment. (JEL Classifications: C14, D12, D91, L15, L66)
The Nearness of Youth: Spatial and Temporal Effects of Protests on Political Attitudes in Chile
Authors: Disi Pavlic Rodolfo 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTSocial movement research indicates that mobilization can effect change in political attitudes, yet few works have systematically tested the effect of protests on public opinion. This article uses survey and protest event data to assess the spatial and temporal effect of mobilizations on political attitudes Chile. It combines the 2008, 2010, and 2012 LAPOP surveys and a dataset of college student protest events, mapping respondents and protests at the municipal level using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Using regression analyses, it finds that proximity to college student protests has a significant effect on various political attitudes. The effect, however, tends to be substantively larger on “weak” attitudes and smaller on “strong” ones. The results highlight the importance of mobilizations in shaping individual political attitudes and the role that social movements play in the policy-making process.
Racial Reparations against White Protectionism: America's New Racial Politics
Authors: Smith Rogers M. , King Desmond 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAfter more than half a century in which American racial politics has been structured primarily as a clash between two rival “racial orders” or “policy alliances,” the longstanding coalitions are transforming into ones centered on significantly new themes. The racially conservative “color-blind” policy alliance is, under the leadership of President Donald Trump, becoming an alliance promising “white protectionism.” The “race-conscious” policy alliance is, with the mobilizations around the slogan of Black Lives Matter, becoming an alliance focused on “racial reparations” to end “systemic racism.” These new, even more, polarized racial policy alliances have counterparts across the globe, and they are likely to shape political life for many years to come.
WHAT SOCRATES SAYS, AND DOES NOT SAY
Authors: Klosko George 
Published: January 2021

For several decades, scholars of Plato's dialogues have focussed their efforts on understanding Socrates’ philosophy by unravelling the arguments used to establish it. On this view, Socrates’ philosophy is presented in his arguments, and, as Gregory Vlastos says, ‘Almost everything Socrates says is wiry argument; that is the beauty of his talk for a philosopher.’ In this paper I raise questions about what can be learned about Socrates’ philosophy through analysis of his arguments. One critic of what he views as traditional interpretations of Plato—‘the sole frame of reference used by most interpreters of Plato from antiquity to the present’—describes this approach as follows:
(i)reading the dialogues to discover Platonic or Socratic doctrines, and(ii)the logic of the arguments on which these doctrines are based.While I subscribe to the first point, I have questions about (ii), the ready contention that Plato's dogmas are based on the arguments through which they are defended in dialogues.
A scenario-integrated approach for functional design of smart systems
Authors: Gui Fajun , Chen Yong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFunctional design is regarded as a design activity primarily aimed at clarifying customer needs, and developing the functional architecture and solution concepts for a system under development. Existing functional design approaches are mainly focused on how to assist designers in searching for solution principles for desired products, which, however, do not adequately take into account the interactions between a smart system under development and its environment, and cannot explicitly represent the complex functional logic of the system, resulting in that they cannot effectively assist designers in the functional design of smart systems. Therefore, this paper proposes a scenario-integrated approach for functional design of smart systems to address the above issues. Based on the concept of scenario in software engineering, the proposed approach explicitly elaborates how to employ scenarios to express subjective customer needs and how to generate the functional architectures and the corresponding solution concepts through a structured process. The functional design of the automated doors-unlocking system of a smart vehicle is employed to illustrate the proposed approach, which also demonstrates that the proposed approach is suitable for functional design of smart systems.
Connecticut Supreme Court Denies Claim of Emergency Room Negligence
Authors: J.S.  
Published: January 2021

In Barrett v. Danbury Hospital (232 Conn. 242; 654 A.2d 748 (1995)), the Supreme Court of Connecticut held that the fear of contracting or transmitting HIV or any other blood-borne pathogens is not a compensable injury and does not give rise to a negligence or a medical malpractice claim. The court's decision affirmed the holding of a Connecticut trial court.In June 1990, Allen Barrett was admitted to Danbury Hospital complaining of abdominal pain. He had a history of gall bladder trouble. Barrett was placed on a stretcher in the emergency room. The attending physician diagnosed Barrett's pain as a gallstone condition. During the course of his examination, the doctor noticed that Barrett was sitting in blood. The physician subsequently performed a rectal examination of Barrett to locate the source of the blood. The physician determined that the patient was not bleeding, but that the blood was in fact coming from two slits in the vinyl pad that covered the stretcher on which Barrett sat.
Ninth Circuit Holds Physician Joint Venture Liable for Anti-Kickback Violation
Authors: J.L.W.  
Published: January 2021

Hanlester Network v. Shalala (51 F.3d 1390 (9th Cir. 1995)) marks the first test of the application of the Medicare-Medicaid anti-kickback statute to physician self-referral joint ventures. The most recent development in this ongoing litigation was the April 6, 1995 decision of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, holding the Hanlester Network vicariously liable for its marketing vice president's knowing and willful violation of the antikickback statute. The vice president had offered to pay physician-investors in order to induce their referrals of program-related business.The Hanlester Network was a California general partnership comprised of corporations, clinical laboratories, and individual investors. In April 1987, it entered into a management agreement on behalf of the clinical laboratories with SmithKline BioScience Laboratories (SKBL).
Constitutional Law: Idaho High Court Holds Like Providers to Equal Protection Standard
Authors: Swift Gilbert 
Published: January 2021

The Supreme Court of Idaho held, in Idaho Association of Chiropractic Physicians, Inc. v. Alcorn, No. 23787,1999 WL 134677, at *1 (Idaho Mar. 15, 1999), that insurance regulations of health care services must apply equally to all providers. The Idaho legislature enacted the Small Employer Health Insurance Availability Act, Idaho Code § 41-4701 (1998), and the Individual Health Insurance Availability Act, id. § 41-5201 (1998), which is to be implemented by the Idaho Small Employer and Individual Health Reinsurance Program (Program). The goal of the legislation is to make health insurance available and affordable to small employers and their employees, and to individuals who would not otherwise have health insurance. Accordingly, the Program promulgated the following rule: “Chiropractic services will be subject to one thousand dollars per year limit.” Idaho Ass’n of Chiropractic Physicians, 1999 WL 134677, at *1.The plaintiff, the Idaho Association of Chiropractic Physicians (IACP), sought declaratory judgment and injunctive relief against defendant, James M. Alcorn, director of the Idaho State Department of Insurance, on equal protection and due process grounds.
Indirect to direct band gap crossover in two-dimensional WS2(1−x)Se2x alloys
Authors: Ernandes Cyrine , Khalil Lama , Almabrouk Hela , Pierucci Debora , Zheng Biyuan , Avila José , Dudin Pavel , Chaste Julien , Oehler Fabrice , Pala Marco , Bisti Federico , Brulé Thibault , Lhuillier Emmanuel , Pan Anlian , Ouerghi Abdelkarim 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors, there is a crossover from indirect to direct band gap as the thickness drops to one monolayer, which comes with a fast increase of the photoluminescence signal. Here, we show that for different alloy compositions of WS2(1−x)Se2x this trend may be significantly affected by the alloy content and we demonstrate that the sample with the highest Se ratio presents a strongly reduced effect. The highest micro-PL intensity is found for bilayer WS2(1−x)Se2x (x = 0.8) with a decrease of its maximum value by only a factor of 2 when passing from mono-layer to bi-layer. To better understand this factor and explore the layer-dependent band structure evolution of WS2(1−x)Se2x, we performed a nano-angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study coupled with first-principles calculations. We find that the high micro-PL value for bilayer WS2(1−x)Se2x (x = 0.8) is due to the overlay of direct and indirect optical transitions. This peculiar high PL intensity in WS2(1−x)Se2x opens the way for spectrally tunable light-emitting devices.