bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY INVOLVEMENT IN CARE PLANNING AND ESTABLISHING AN ADVANCE DIRECTIVE
Authors: McCreedy Ellen , Loomer lacey , Palmer Jennifer , Volandes Angelo , Mitchell Susan , Mor Vincent 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to understand the effect of family participation in care planning assessments on the use of advance directives for newly admitted nursing home (NH) residents. This is a retrospective cohort study using data from 115 nursing homes involved in a pragmatic randomized clinical trial testing a video intervention for advance care planning (versus usual care). Data sources included the electronic health record and the Minimum Data Set (MDS). Competing risks regression analyses estimated the cumulative incidence of establishing an advance directive, after accounting for death, discharge from NH, and time censoring (12-month observation window). 18,978 residents admitted to eligible NHs without an advance directive (full code) between April 2, 2016 and August 31, 2017 were followed for one year. 11,905 (63%) died or were discharged without an advance directive; 4,155 (22%) remained in the NH without an advance directive; and 2,918 (15%) established an advance directive. Median time to establishing an advance directive was 75 days (SD: 72, 79). After adjusting for competing risks and resident factors known to be associated with advance directive use, each care planning assessment involving a family member was associated with a 6% increase in the cumulative incidence advance directive use. Involving family members of NH residents in routine care planning assessments may reduce the amount of futile care received by NH residents. As we test interventions to improve advance care planning for NH residents, focus should be placed upstream on the first 90 days after admission.
IMPACT OF THE BE EPIC: A PERSON-CENTERED COMMUNICATION INTERVENTION FOR HOME CARE WORKERS
Authors: Savundranayagam Marie Y , Williams Kristine N , Basque Shalane , Orange J B , Kloseck Marita , Schmall Vicki , Johnson Karen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The current study assessed the impact of Be EPIC, an innovative, evidence-informed and theoretically-grounded 6-week person-centered communication intervention for personal support workers (PSWs) caring for persons with dementia. Be EPIC focuses on [E]nvironment contexts for using [P]erson-centered communication, while considering client relationships ([I] matter too), and [C]lients’ abilities, life history and preferences during routine care. A pre- post-Be EPIC comparative design included an intervention (n=13) and a 6-week waitlist control group (n=10) who completed the same communication-related questionnaire. A Two-Way Mixed ANOVA showed a significant group by time interaction for perceived communication skill (F(1, 21) = 4.67, p = .042, ηp2= .18). Simple main effects analysis showed that participants who completed Be EPIC reported feeling more confident in communicating with persons with dementia (Mpre = 13.46; SD = .76; Mpost = 16.31, SD = .85). There was no significant change in the control group. Similarly, there was a significant group by time interaction for perceived helpfulness of communication strategies (F(1, 21) = 6.23, p = .021, ηp2 = .23). Simple main effects analysis showed that participants who completed Be EPIC reported significant increases in the helpfulness of effective communication strategies (Mpre = 36.92; SD = 3.42; Mpost = 43.15, SD = 3.21), with no significant change among controls. Findings indicate that Be EPIC enhanced PSWs’ confidence in communicating with persons with dementia and enhanced their perception of the helpfulness of effective communication strategies.
OUT AND ABOUT? PARTICIPATION IN OUT-OF-HOME ACTIVITIES AND PLACES AMONG PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA IN MULTIPLE COUNTRIES
Authors: Chaudhury Habib , Nygard Louise , Cutchin Malcolm 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Maintaining participation in activities and places in the community can be challenging for people with dementia in the face of cognitive decline. These challenges could be related to driving cessation, accessing transit, ability to navigate in the community, socially uncomfortable situations and functionally difficult tasks. Consequently, people with dementia are at risk of progressively becoming isolated from the community and being unable to meaningfully age-in-place in the home and community. Familiar and responsive neighborhood built environmental features, public awareness of dementia and appropriate support, dementia-friendly transit systems, are among the potential socio-physical environmental factors to foster maintenance of participation and activities for persons living with dementia. Empirical literature exploring levels of participation outside the home, wayfinding and orientation issues, and the nature and prevalence of challenging circumstances for older adults with dementia in the community is scarce. This session will present four papers in this area based on empirical projects conducted in Sweden, Switzerland, U.K. and Canada. Three of these projects used the recently developed Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside the Home (ACT-OUT) questionnaire to generate evidence on the levels of participation and perceptions of risks outside the home for people with and without dementia. A presentation will also summarize the theoretical bases for the ACT-OUT research discussed in the other presentations. One study will focus on the influence of Everyday Technology on participation patterns. Implications of the research findings to advance theoretical understanding, generate evidence-base and impact policy and practice, along with future research directions will be considered.
PARTICIPATION OUTSIDE HOME FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA: DO THEY REALLY EXPERIENCE A SHRINKING WORLD?
Authors: Margot-Cattin Isabel , Kühne Nicolas , Ludwig Catherine , Nygard Louise , Kottorp Anders 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Accessing places outside home where activities are performed provides both benefits (e.g. participation in activities), and challenges (e.g. finding one’s way) for people with cognitive deficits. Participation in these places appears to depend on various factors such as the living situation of the person, availability of commodities and supporting social networks, or preserved ability to drive. However, clear patterns of participation remain scarcely documented. This study addresses the need for understanding of participation outside home among people with dementia through the places they visit. The aim is to describe how the outside world may be shrinking for them. People with and without dementia (n=70), aged 65+, were interviewed using the Participation in ACTivities and Places OUTside the Home (ACT-OUT) questionnaire across Switzerland. Results show that people with dementia participate significantly less in commercial, social and cultural places, but visit medical care places at a higher level, than those without dementia.
THE IMPACT OF THE R3 PROGRAM ON SERVICE UTILIZATION, COSTS, AND QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Cohen Marc A , Hefele Jennifer , Miller Edward , Nadash Pamela , Shellito Natalie , Simpson Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Relatively few housing with services evaluations employ rigorous multiple group quasi-experimental designs rather than simple before/after research designs. This study employs a pre-post experimental design with a comparison group to analyze whether the R3 program led to reductions in certain key utilization measures, including emergency department visits, inpatient hospitalizations, ambulance usage, and skilled nursing facility admissions, over 18 months. Also examined is whether resident quality of life indicators changed over the period. Data derive from assessments with 410 residents in four intervention sites and 227 residents in five comparison group sites. Also obtained was data on emergency department transfers from first responder services and Medicare fee-for-service data from the local quality improvement organization. Results suggest that the program has positive implications for service utilization, costs, and quality of life. Early detection and intervention inherent in the R3 program may improve resident quality of life while lowering service utilization and costs.
PERSONALITY AND COGNITIVE AGING
Authors: Graham Eileen K , Scott Stacey B , Spiro Avron 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Understanding when, how, and for who, cognitive decline occurs is essential to understanding how to optimize quality of life among aging adults. It is well known that there is large variation in cognitive change: the pace and direction of change differs greatly across individuals. Personality traits are one key factor that account for some of these individual differences. Individuals with high levels of certain characteristics are more or less likely to engage in lifestyle behaviors that may put them at greater or less risk of decline over time. The goal of our symposium is to present novel research in this area and discuss the implications for understanding personality and cognitive decline. First, Scott and colleagues will demonstrate a novel approach to personality measurement, and the extent to which there is longitudinal measurement invariance in these measures. This is an important first step in the study of change processes. Second, Terracciano and Sutin will test associations between personality traits and verbal fluency in aging adults, and whether these associations replicate across multiple large panel studies. Third, Graham and colleagues will investigate trajectories of cognitive decline, specifically whether personality is associated with decline both before and after a diagnosis of dementia. Fourth, James and colleagues will discuss the extent to which personality is associated with discordances between dementia diagnosis and neuropathology. All talks will focus on open science, reproducibility, replicability, and generalizability, consistent with GSA’s efforts toward these goals. Discussant Avron Spiro will contextualize these new findings and propose next steps.
PERCEIVED JOB DISCRIMINATION AND SLEEP HEALTH AMONG WORKING WOMEN: FINDINGS FROM THE SISTER STUDY
Authors: Lee Soomi , Chang Anne-Marie , Sandler Dale P , Buxton Orfeu M , Jackson Chandra L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Job discrimination is a social stressor that may lead to sleep health disparities in workers; however, limited research has examined the relationship, especially with specified sources of job discrimination. Using longitudinal data from the Sister Study, we tested the associations of perceived job discrimination (due to race, sex, age, and health conditions) with sleep health among working women (n=26,085). Among those without sleep difficulty at Time 1, race- and age-specific job discrimination was associated with increased odds of new onset sleep difficulty at Time 2. Moreover, among those without excessive sleepiness at Time 1, sex-, age-, and health-specific job discrimination predicted new onset of excessive sleepiness at Time 2. There was no association with sleep duration. We also found a dose-response relationship such that those who experienced job discrimination due to ≥3 reasons had greater odds of developing a sleep problem. Results suggest sleep health disparities emanating from the workplace.
DOES RECEIVING SUPPORT HURT? PAIN AND SLEEP IN OLDER ADULTS’ EVERYDAY LIVES
Authors: Huo Meng , Fuentecilla Jamie l , Leger kate , Fingerman Karen l 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Pain is prevalent in late life and may cast negative impacts on older adults’ sleep. We examined this link in older adults’ everyday lives and asked whether receiving support on days when older adults had pain improved or worsened their sleep. We drew on the Daily Experiences and Well-being Study; over 300 adults aged 65+ reported on their pain, sleep and social support received throughout each day across 5 days. Multilevel models revealed that older adults in greater pain were more likely to nap throughout the day and to incur sleep disturbances at night. Older adults who slept better at night reported less pain the next day. The link between pain and sleep disturbances was stronger on days when older adults received support compared to days when they did not. This study adds to the literature regarding pain and sleep and explores what roles social factors play in this link.
A NETWORK ANALYSIS OF FRAILTY USING DATA FROM THE MEXICAN HEALTH AND AGING STUDY
Authors: Ramírez-Aldana Ricardo , García-Peña Carmen , Gutiérrez-Robledo Luis Miguel , Parra-Rodriguez Lorena , Gómez-Verján Juan Carlos , Pérez-Zepeda Mario Ulises 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Frailty remains a challenge in the aging research area with a number of gaps in knowledge still to be filled. New approaches to its study have been proposed, including the one discussed in this article. We tested frailty as through the use of graphical probabilistic models (bayesian networks) with empirical data. Data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (main data 2012, mortality 2015) was used. Frailty was operationalized with a 35-deficit frailty index (FI). Analyzed nodes were the deficits, plus death and the total score of the FI. The edges, or ties, linking those nodes (set E) were obtained through structural learning, and an undirected discrete graph G (V, E) associated with a discrete graphical probabilistic model (Markov network) was derived. Structural learning was possible through hill-climbing (hc) and PC algorithms. Analyses were performed for the whole population and tertiles of the total FI score. The number of connections within nodes increased according to the tertile level of the total FI score. Groups of interconnected deficits increased as the FI score raised. Almost all deficits related to mobility were interconnected and death was not the most connected node. Frailty behaves as a nonlinear system under the looks of a complex network. Further research should aim to identify the nature of the interactions observed. This could contribute to the development of a conceptual framework that would allow specific interventions to mitigate the consequences of frailty in older adults to be developed.
SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT IN OLD AGE: IMPACTS OF AGING UNDER INTERPERSONAL, MORAL, AND POLITICAL CONTEXTS
Authors: Lu Minjie , Zhang Xin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To promote successful aging, social engagement has been encouraged among older adults. Yet, thus far, research on older adults’ social engagement have been preoccupied with the close and intimate relationships between older adults and their families, friends, or caretakers. Little attention is being paid to how older adults may engage in peripheral social networks, civic activities, or public affairs. This symposium features four presentations that investigate older adults’ social engagement in these contexts. First, with the focus on interpersonal interaction with strangers, Yi Lu and colleagues examine the age differences in trustworthiness perception of unfamiliar faces. The second and third presentations focus on moral and political contexts. Minjie Lu will present the divergent impacts of age on the cognitive evaluations and emotional responses towards moral issues. Wong and Fung analyze older adults’ engagements in political discussions and actions and the factors that may promote these engagements. Last but not least, Nicole Fung and colleagues will present findings that generativity among older adults can promote sense of meanings and death acceptance, demonstrating the beneficial effects of social engagement in old age. Finally, Zhang will provide closing discussions about the implications and future directions of these presentations.
VIEWING TIME AND FACIAL TRUSTWORTHINESS PERCEPTIONS: GIVE IT A SECOND THINK MAY NOT WORK FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Lu Yi , Ye Xu , Xiaowei Yin , Xin Zhang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Older adults tend to rate higher on trustworthiness of unfamiliar faces than younger adults. Contrary to the notion that it would be beneficial for them to have enough time to process, cognitive control theory suggests that older adults’ facial trustworthiness evaluation increases over time, making them more vulnerable to fraud. The present study aimed at exploring age differences in trustworthiness perception of unfamiliar faces, and how viewing time could impact. A 2 (age: old vs. young) ×2 (viewing time: 500 ms vs. 3000 ms) ×2 (facial trustworthiness: control vs. low trustworthiness) factorial design was conducted. As expected a significant three-way interaction revealed that viewing time only influenced older adults’ facial trustworthiness evaluation, and only when given shorter viewing time did older adults exhibit accurate facial trustworthiness ratings as younger adults. These findings suggest that a second think in facial perception may not work for older adults.
SUBJECTIVE AGING: SOMETHING UNIQUE OR JUST ANOTHER EXPRESSION OF GENERAL SELF-BELIEFS?
Authors: Klusmann Verena , Spuling Svenja M , Bowen Catherine E , Kornadt Anna E , Kessler Eva-Marie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Using data from the German Ageing Survey (adults aged 40‒85), this study tested the convergent and discriminant validity of subjective aging measures by comparing three different measures of subjective aging with one another and relating them to established measures of general self-beliefs (optimism, self-efficacy, subjective health) and subjective well-being (depression, affect). Correlations between subjective aging measures ranged from ‒.61 (amongst general self-perceptions of aging measures) to ‒.09, with subjective age being least related to the other measures. The highest overlap was observed between optimism and global self-perceptions of aging (.69) and it was for these global self-perceptions that the highest amount of variance could be explained by correlates in a regression analysis (R-square=.55). In contrast, only 10% of variance could be explained for subjective age. Our results underline the merit of taking the multidimensional nature of subjective aging into account since global measures appear less distinct from general personality traits.
DO SERIOUS HEALTH EVENTS CHANGE HOW WE VIEW OUR OWN AGING? ON THE ROLE OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
Authors: Wolff Julia K , Spuling Svenja M , Beyer Ann-Kristin , Wiest Maja , Wurm Susanne 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of views on aging (VoA) on health, while the reverse relationship is seldom in focus. Serious health events (e.g., myocardial infarction) are life-threatening and remind individuals of the finitude of life possibly changing their VoA. The present study investigates the effect of cardiovascular events (CVE) on longitudinal changes in VoA using pooled data of three waves of the German Ageing Survey (2008, 2011, 2014, age-range: 40-95 years). To account for alternative explanations, individuals without CVE were matched to the individuals with CVE (n = 202) using a propensity-score-matching approach. Individuals who experienced a CVE showed more adverse changes in three VoA indicators (aging associated with physical losses, ongoing development, felt age) than individuals without CVE. Results show that CVE can change how we view our own aging which in turn affects future health changes. Following a CVE people may benefit from promoting positive VoA.
YOUNG PEOPLE FEEL WISE, OLD PEOPLE FEEL ENERGETIC: COMPARING AGE STEREOTYPES AND SELF-EVALUATIONS ACROSS ADULTHOOD
Authors: Kornadt Anna E , Bowen Catherine E , Spuling Svenja M , Wiest Maja 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Using questionnaire data from the MIDUS study (N=6.325) we examined the extent to which people in their late 20s, 40s, and 60s think that positive stereotypic “old” and “young” characteristics describe themselves, their age peers, and other age groups. A constellation of “old” characteristics (e.g., wise, caring, calm) was seen as more descriptive of older adults, while a constellation of “young” characteristics (e.g., healthy, energetic) was seen as more descriptive of younger adults. Self-evaluations were highly positive and largely consistent across age groups. Compared to their age peers, younger adults saw themselves as having as many positive “young” characteristics but more positive “old” characteristics whereas older adults saw themselves as having more positive “young” characteristics but fewer positive “old” characteristics. The results support the stability of the aging self despite the existence of age stereotypes and the role of negative age stereotypes as a frame of reference for making self-evaluations.
AGING IN LATIN AMERICA: A FOCUS ON MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES
Authors: Garcia Catherine , Aranda Maria P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Population aging is occurring rapidly across Latin America, a region that includes some of the world’s most racially, ethnically, and culturally diverse populations. Aging in this region is occurring in a context of high levels of poverty and income inequality, which has implications for disease risk, cognitive health, and overall well-being. This symposium focuses on Mexico and Colombia, two of Latin America’s largest middle-income countries, which have recently undergone rapid epidemiological and demographic transitions. The papers in this symposium examine a variety of health dimensions among older Latinos that include physiological functioning, cognition, and psychological and physical well-being. García uses the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) and the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine biomarkers known to predict health risk among Mexican-origin populations: Mexico-born living in Mexico, Mexico-born living in the U.S., and U.S.-born Mexican-Americans. Saenz examines the importance of education on late-life cognitive ability among Mexicans using data from the MHAS Cognitive Aging Ancillary Study. Using data from the Colombian Survey of Health, Well-Being, and Aging (SABE-Colombia), Ailshire examines variation in biological risk across key subgroups of the population. Osuna uses data from the Colombian National Quality of Life Survey (ENCV) to determine if social and economic inequalities are reflected in unequal health and well-being among older adults. Results highlight which Latin American populations have increased risk for poorer health, which merit further research and policy attention. The findings highlight the importance of understanding health and well-being in the rapidly growing older adult populations of Latin America.
BIOLOGICAL RISK PROFILES IN THE OLDER MEXICAN POPULATION
Authors: Garcia Catherine , Saenz Joseph , Ailshire Jennifer A , Wong Rebecca , Crimmins Eileen M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Research examining biological risk is critical given that both the Mexican and U.S. populations are aging. Biomarkers can help us understand underlying disease patterns among Mexican-origin individuals in Mexico and the U.S. to help inform disease-prevention efforts for these populations. Using data from the 2012 Mexican Health and Aging Study and the 2010/2012 Health and Retirement Study, we examine seven biomarkers known to predict health risk: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein. Logistic regression models, controlling for age and sex, are used to predict high-risk for each biomarker among Mexico-born Mexicans, Mexico-born Mexican-Americans, and U.S.-born Mexican-Americans. Results show that Mexico-born Mexicans exhibit higher biological risk for systolic blood pressure, pulse rate, low HDL cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin, and inflammation than Mexico-born and U.S.-born Mexican-Americans. Additionally accounting for socioeconomic status and health behaviors did not explain differences in high-risk among Mexican-born Mexicans.