bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shift‐contagion in energy markets and global crisis
Authors: Mili Mehdi , Sahut Jean‐Michel , Teulon Frédéric 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of shift‐contagion in energy markets, testing whether linkages between returns in energy markets increase during crisis periods. The research presented herein demonstrates how common movement between energy markets increases due to (i) shift‐contagion across energy markets, reflected by structural transmission of shocks across markets and (ii) larger common shocks operating through standard cross‐market interdependences. A regime‐switching model was developed to detect shift‐contagion across energy markets. In the approach adopted herein, the occurrence of shift‐contagion is endogenously estimated rather than being exogenously assigned. The results show that shift‐contagion has been a major feature of energy markets over the last decade. Evidence is presented which demonstrates that the linkages between energy markets do not appear to be stable. These results are remarkably accurate for forecasting Brent and natural gas for horizons for up to 50 days. Conversely, for WTI (West Texas Intermediate oil) and coal, the model performs well only for forecasting very short horizons (up to 20 days). For all products, the model shows significant biases for long horizons.
Volatile compound profiling from soybean oil in the heating process
Authors: Xiao Lin , Li Chongwei , Chai Duo , Chen Yan , Wang Zhenyu , Xu Xianbing , Wang Yi , Geng Yufeng , Dong Liang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSoybean oil heating or cooking is a very complicated process. In order to better understand the composition of the volatile compounds from soybean oil during heating process, volatile profiling was carried out through vacuum‐assisted headspace solid‐phase microextraction combined with GC‐MS. As a result, a total of 72 volatile compounds were detected and identified during this process, including aldehydes (27), alcohols (14), ketones (10), furans (6), aromatic compounds (9), acids, and esters (6). And the forming temperature of each volatile was determined. Results show most of volatile aldehydes and alcohols were formed at 120°C leading to release off‐flavor largely, which was considered as a critical temperature point for the formation of soybean oil flavor during the whole heating process. Meanwhile, ketones and furans were formed at 150°C, and acids were detected at 180°C. The content of most volatile compounds increased significantly with the temperature raised. Simultaneously, results of principal component analysis demonstrate that flavor characteristics of soybean oil have a big difference between higher and lower temperature in the heating process.
Chemical composition of tetraploid Gynostemma pentaphyllum gypenosides and their suppression on inflammatory response by NF‐κB/MAPKs/AP‐1 signaling pathways
Authors: Wang Bo , Li Ming , Gao Hang , Sun Xiangjun , Gao Boyan , Zhang Yaqiong , Yu Liangli 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe chemical composition and anti‐inflammatory activity of gypenosides isolated from tetraploid Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) leaves were investigated. The gypenosides accounted for 7.43 mg/g of the tested GP sample, which were composed of four major saponins including isomers of gypenoside 1 and 2 (C47H76O18), 3 (C47H76O17), and 4 (C46H74O17). Pretreatment of gypenosides reduced mRNA expressions of the proinflammatory mediators in LPS‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells, such as IL‐6, IL‐1β, COX‐2, and TNF‐α in a dose‐dependent manner. The secreted protein levels of IL‐6 and TNF‐α, and NO production were also decreased by gypenosides within the concentration range of 50–200 μg/ml. Moreover, the mechanism studies demonstrated that gypenosides (200 μg/ml) treatment significantly inhibited the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor‐κB and activator protein 1 (c‐Fos and c‐Jun) through down‐regulating the phosphorylation of their upstream IκB kinase and mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs), especially that of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase and extracellular regulated protein kinase(JNK and ERK), but not that of the p38 MAPK. These results suggested that the gypenosides might have potential anti‐inflammatory effect and use for improving human health.
Absolute quantitation of microbes using 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding: A rapid normalization of relative abundances by quantitative PCR targeting a 16S rRNA gene spike‐in standard
Authors: Zemb Olivier , Achard Caroline S. , Hamelin Jerome , De Almeida Marie‐Léa , Gabinaud Béatrice , Cauquil Laurent , Verschuren Lisanne M.G. , Godon Jean‐Jacques 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMetabarcoding of the 16S rRNA gene is commonly used to characterize microbial communities, by estimating the relative abundance of microbes. Here, we present a method to retrieve the concentrations of the 16S rRNA gene per gram of any environmental sample using a synthetic standard in minuscule amounts (100 ppm to 1% of the 16S rRNA sequences) that is added to the sample before DNA extraction and quantified by two quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) reactions. This allows normalizing by the initial microbial density, taking into account the DNA recovery yield. We quantified the internal standard and the total load of 16S rRNA genes by qPCR. The qPCR for the latter uses the exact same primers as those used for Illumina sequencing of the V3‐V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene to increase accuracy. We are able to calculate the absolute concentration of the species per gram of sample, taking into account the DNA recovery yield. This is crucial for an accurate estimate as the yield varied between 40% and 84%. This method avoids sacrificing a high proportion of the sequencing effort to quantify the internal standard. If sacrificing a part of the sequencing effort to the internal standard is acceptable, we however recommend that the internal standard accounts for 30% of the environmental 16S rRNA genes to avoid the PCR bias associated with rare phylotypes. The method proposed here was tested on a feces sample but can be applied more broadly on any environmental sample. This method offers a real improvement of metabarcoding of microbial communities since it makes the method quantitative with limited efforts.
Observing and interpreting superluminal behaviors in microwave and optical experiments
Authors: Cacciari Ilaria , Mugnai Daniela , Ranfagni Anedio , Petrucci Andrea 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSome typical cases of tunneling and near‐field propagation experiments, carried out mainly in the microwave, but also in the optical range, giving rise to superluminal behavior, are re‐examined. The several types of superluminal behavior are classified and an attempt is made searching for a unified interpretation. Within this context, the role played by the “weak measurement” theory is also evidenced.
Simultaneous edited MRS of GABA, glutathione, and ethanol
Authors: Saleh Muhammad G. , Wang Min , Mikkelsen Mark , Hui Steve C.N. , Oeltzschner Georg , Boissoneault Jeff , Stennett Bethany , Edden Richard A.E. , Porges Eric C. 
Published: January 2020

The aim of this work was to develop simultaneous edited MRS of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutathione (GSH), and ethanol (EtOH) using Hadamard encoding and reconstruction of MEGA‐edited spectroscopy (HERMES) at 3T.Density‐matrix simulations of HERMES were carried out and compared with phantom experiments. In vivo experiments were performed in six healthy volunteers about 30 min after alcohol consumption.Simulations of HERMES showed GABA‐, GSH‐, and EtOH‐edited spectra with low levels of crosstalk and excellent agreement with phantom spectra. In vivo experiments showed well edited GABA signals at 3.0 ppm, GSH at 2.95 ppm, and EtOH at 1.18 ppm in the respective Hadamard combination spectra. Measured integral ratios were 0.082 ± 0.012 for GABA/Cr, 0.037 ± 0.006 for GSH/Cr, and 0.305 ± 0.129 for EtOH/Cr.Simulated, phantom, and in vivo measurements of HERMES show excellent separation of GABA‐, GSH‐, and EtOH‐edited signals with negligible levels of crosstalk. HERMES allows a threefold acceleration of editing while maintaining spectral quality compared with sequentially acquired MEGA‐PRESS measurements.
Factors affecting mobile home prevalence in the United States: Poverty, natural amenities, and employment in natural resources
Authors: Brooks Matthew M. , Mueller J. Tom 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMobile home residence in the United States is associated with negative social, economic, and health‐related outcomes. However, although research on mobile home residence at the individual level has been performed, a geographic understanding of mobile home prevalence in the United States remains absent from the literature. Therefore, the purpose of our analysis was to evaluate the county‐level drivers of mobile home prevalence in the continental United States in 2015. The influence of five groups of variables—demographic, economic, housing, industry and occupation, and natural amenities—were assessed in a series of nested ordinary least squares regressions. Additionally, the full model was run as a spatial lag regression to control for spatial autocorrelation. Our results indicate that the primary drivers of mobile home prevalence in U.S. counties were the percent of population in near poverty, the labour force participation rate, and the percent of the population employed in natural resource occupations.
A novel rotation invariant and Manhattan metric–based pose refinement: Augmented reality–based oral and maxillofacial surgery
Authors: Bayrak Mucahit , Alsadoon Abeer , Prasad P.W.C. , Venkata Haritha Sallepalli , Ali Rasha S. , Haddad Sami 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundAugmented reality (AR) is gaining attention in medicine because of the convenience and innovation that it brings to operating rooms. Furthermore, oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS), which is one of sensitive and narrow spatial surgery, requires high accuracy in image registration and low processing time of the system. However, the current systems are suffering from image registration problems while matching two different posture images. We thus aimed to increase that overlay accuracy and decrease the processing time.MethodologyThe proposed system consists of an Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm, which is the combination of a rotation invariant and Manhattan error metric, to provide the best initial parameters and to decrease the computational cost by sorting high and low processing pixel images, respectively.ResultThe study on maxillary and mandibular jaw bone demonstrates that the proposed work overlay accuracy ranges from 0.22 to 0.30 mm, and processing time ranges from 10 to 14 frames per second as opposed to the 0.23‐ to 0.35‐mm overlay accuracy and the current 8 to 12 frames per second processing time.ConclusionThis research aimed to improve the visualization and fast AR system for the OMS. Thus, the proposed system achieved an improvement in overlay accuracy and processing time by implementing the Rotation Invariant and Manhattan error metric ICP algorithm.
A 1D Honeycomb‐Like Amorphous Zincic Vanadate for Stable and Fast Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Qin Zhongzheng , Lv Chade , Pei Jian , Yan Chunshuang , Hu Yongyuan , Chen Gang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDeveloping nanomaterials with synergistic effects of various structural merits is considered to be an effective strategy to improve the sluggish ion kinetics and severe structural degradation of sodium‐ion battery (SIB) anodes. Herein, honeycomb‐like amorphous Zn2V2O7 (ZVO‐AH) nanofibers as SIBs anode material with plentiful defective sites, complex cavities, and good mechanical flexibility are reported. The fabrication strategy relies on the expansive and volatile nature of the organic vanadium source, based on a simple electrospinning with subsequent calcination. Originating from the synergies of amorphous nature and honeycomb‐like cavities, ZVO‐AH shows increased electrochemical activity, accelerated Na‐ion diffusion, and robust structure. Impressively, the ZVO‐AH anode delivers superior cycle stability (112% retention at 5 A g−1 after 5000 cycles) and high rate capability (150 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1). The synthetic versatility is able to synergistically promote the practical application of more potential materials in sodium‐ion storage.
Experimental investigation of a self‐centering precast concrete beam‐to‐column connection with top and bottom friction energy dissipaters
Authors: Huang Linjie , Zhou Zhen , Peng Zhen , Ma Junfeng 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe new friction material, non‐asbestos organic, and Belleville springs are applied to the friction energy dissipaters (FEDs) to improve its friction performance. The new high‐performance FEDs are placed in the top and bottom parts of the self‐centering precast concrete (SCPC) beam‐to‐column connections, which have inherently reduced residual deformation caused by posttensioned tendons, to enhance energy dissipation efficiency. Besides, the reasonable design of the connection between FEDs and backbone members makes it easy for the disassembly of all members, which significantly enhances the repair efficiency after a major earthquake. Theoretical analyses and 14 tests were performed on a full‐scale specimen, which were assembled two times, and the friction pads were replaced one time, to investigate the effects of various parameters on the performance of such FED‐SCPC beam‐to‐column connections. The influence of key design parameters on the hysteretic behaviors, such as stiffness, loss of posttensioned tendons force, self‐centering capacity, and energy dissipation capacity, has been analyzed. The test results indicate that the FED‐SCPC beam‐to‐column connections can achieve significant and reliable energy dissipation levels while maintaining self‐centering capabilities. The experimental and theoretical results can provide certain references for the seismic design and assembly of such structures.
177Lutetium PSMA-radioligandtherapie bij prostaatkanker
Authors: Vis André N. , Jansen Bernard H. E. , Bodar Yves J. L. , Nieuwenhuijzen Jakko A. , Hendrikse Harry N. , Oprea-Lager Daniela E. 
Published: January 2020

Samenvatting177Lu-PSMA is een nieuwe, veelbelovende therapie bij patiënten met een gemetastaseerd castratieresistent prostaatcarcinoom (mCRPC). Het radioactief gelabelde medicijn wordt intraveneus toegediend in 1–6 cycli waarbij de β‑stralen zorgen voor intracellulaire DNA-schade en celdood van prostaatkankercellen met PSMA-expressie. Voornamelijk retrospectieve onderzoeken tonen aan dat het serum-PSA met ≥ 50 % daalt bij 40–60 % van deze vaak intensief behandelde patiëntengroep. Mogelijk is er een overlevingswinst in vergelijking met een niet-behandelde groep. De toxiciteit van 177Lu-PSMA is relatief gering. Er trad met name graad I–II CTCAE-xerostomie op bij 30–50 % van de patiënten, en veelal voorbijgaande graad III–IV CTCAE-hematologische toxiciteit (trombocytopenie, leukopenie) bij 0–15 %. De behandeling wordt momenteel onderzocht in meerdere prospectieve studies bij patiënten met mCRPC en in een gerandomiseerde studie. Het gebruik in vroegere fasen van prostaatkanker wordt geëvalueerd. Tot meer bekend is over de uitkomst van deze studies, blijft het gebruik van 177Lu-PSMA experimenteel.
A survey on graph kernels
Authors: Kriege Nils M. , Johansson Fredrik D. , Morris Christopher 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGraph kernels have become an established and widely-used technique for solving classification tasks on graphs. This survey gives a comprehensive overview of techniques for kernel-based graph classification developed in the past 15 years. We describe and categorize graph kernels based on properties inherent to their design, such as the nature of their extracted graph features, their method of computation and their applicability to problems in practice. In an extensive experimental evaluation, we study the classification accuracy of a large suite of graph kernels on established benchmarks as well as new datasets. We compare the performance of popular kernels with several baseline methods and study the effect of applying a Gaussian RBF kernel to the metric induced by a graph kernel. In doing so, we find that simple baselines become competitive after this transformation on some datasets. Moreover, we study the extent to which existing graph kernels agree in their predictions (and prediction errors) and obtain a data-driven categorization of kernels as result. Finally, based on our experimental results, we derive a practitioner’s guide to kernel-based graph classification.
Playful iconicity: structural markedness underlies the relation between funniness and iconicity
Authors: DINGEMANSE MARK , THOMPSON BILL 
Published: January 2020

abstractWords like ‘waddle’, ‘flop’, and ‘zigzag’ combine playful connotations with iconic form–meaning resemblances. Here we propose that structural markedness may be a common factor underlying perceptions of playfulness and iconicity. Using collected and estimated lexical ratings covering a total of over 70,000 English words, we assess the robustness of this association. We identify cues of phonotactic complexity that covary with funniness and iconicity ratings and that, we propose, serve as metacommunicative signals to draw attention to words as playful and performative. To assess the generalisability of the findings we develop a method to estimate lexical ratings from distributional semantics and apply it to a dataset 20 times the size of the original set of human ratings. The method can be used more generally to extend coverage of lexical ratings. We find that it reliably reproduces correlations between funniness and iconicity as well as cues of structural markedness, though it also amplifies biases present in the human ratings. Our study shows that the playful and the poetic are part of the very texture of the lexicon.
Comparison of the effects of multiple variables on the levels of infection of the rat tapeworm,Hymenolepis diminuta, in its intermediate host, the confused flour beetleTribolium confusum
Authors: Yezerski A. , Luyten Y. , Dubiel T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe interaction of the rat tapeworm,Hymenolepis diminuta, with its intermediate beetle host,Tribolium confusum, is a well-studied model system. However, there is so much variation in the methods and designs of the studies that it is difficult to draw comparisons. This study simultaneously compared several aspects of the infection protocol including beetle age, sex, density and mating status; parasite egg condition, infection environment humidity and the times for the three steps of infection: starvation, feeding and post-feeding development. Although statistically limited by low prevalence and intensity levels, we were able to detect the relative effects of the variables. The effects of these variables on prevalence (percent infection) and intensity (mean number of cysticercoids) do not necessarily correlate with each other. Egg condition, reduced starvation times, higher beetle density and longer development times reduced prevalence. However, differences in intensity were only detected with older beetles. When coupled with survivorship data, our study found that our current infection protocol is optimal for infection success. However, the results suggest extending the study to other intermediate hosts and the inclusion of additional variables.
Effectiveness of mirtazapine as add-on to paroxetine v. paroxetine or mirtazapine monotherapy in patients with major depressive disorder with early non-response to paroxetine: a two-phase, multicentre, randomized, double-blind clinical trial
Authors: Xiao Le , Zhu Xuequan , Gillespie Amy , Feng Yuan , Zhou Jingjing , Chen Xu , Gao Yuanyuan , Wang Xueyi , Ma Xiancang , Gao Chengge , Xie Yunshi , Pan Xiaoping , Bai Yan , Xu Xiufeng , Wang Gang , Chen Runsen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine the efficacy of combining paroxetine and mirtazapine v. switching to mirtazapine, for patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who have had an insufficient response to SSRI monotherapy (paroxetine) after the first 2 weeks of treatment.MethodsThis double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, three-arm study recruited participants from five hospitals in China. Eligible participants were aged 18–60 years with MDD of at least moderate severity. Participants received paroxetine during a 2-week open-label phase and patients who had not achieved early improvement were randomized to paroxetine, mirtazapine or paroxetine combined with mirtazapine for 6 weeks. The primary outcome was improvement on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression 17-item (HAMD-17) scores 6 weeks after randomization.ResultsA total of 204 patients who showed early non-response to paroxetine monotherapy were randomly assigned to receive either mirtazapine and placebo (n = 68), paroxetine and placebo (n = 68) or mirtazapine and paroxetine (n = 68), with 164 patients completing the outcome assessment. At week 8, the least squares (LS) mean change of HAMD-17 scores did not significantly differ among the three groups, (12.98 points) in the mirtazapine group, (12.50 points) in the paroxetine group and (13.27 points) in the mirtazapine plus paroxetine combination group. Participants in the paroxetine monotherapy group were least likely to experience adverse effects.ConclusionsAfter 8 weeks follow-up, paroxetine monotherapy, mirtazapine monotherapy and paroxetine/mirtazapine combination therapy were equally effective in non-improvers at 2 weeks. The results of this trial do not support a recommendation to routinely offer additional treatment or a switch in treatment strategies for MDD patients who do not show early improvement after 2 weeks of antidepressant treatment.
Anxiety and depression among HIV patients of the infectious disease department of Conakry University Hospital in 2018
Authors: Camara A. , Sow M.S. , Touré A. , Sako F.B. , Camara I. , Soumaoro K. , Delamou A. , Doukouré M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAnxiety and depression continue to be significant comorbidities for people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression disorder among HIV patients at Conakry, Guinea. In this cross-sectional study, we described socio-demographic, clinical and psychosocial data related to anxiety and depression in 160 HIV patients of the University Teaching Hospital, Conakry, Guinea. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used for measuring depression and anxiety in the prior month. The HADS score of ⩾8 was used to identify possible cases of depression and anxiety. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression. The prevalence of comorbid depression and anxiety among HIV patients was 8.1% and the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among HIV-infected patients was 13.8% and 16.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that individuals having BMI ⩽ 18 (AOR = 3.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37–9.57) and who did not receive antiretroviral treatment (AOR = 18.93, 95% CI 1.88–188.81) were significantly more likely to have depressive symptoms. Similarly, having age <40 years (AOR = 2.81, 95% CI 1.04–7.58) was also significantly associated with anxiety. Prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression was high in these HIV patients. This suggests a need for training on the screening and management of anxiety and depression among HIV patients.