bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Not all information is from insiders: Linking information from social media and customers to newcomers' pride, learning and socialization outcomes
Authors: Chen Chong , Zhang Yihua , Wu Wen , Liu Jialin , Ni Dan , Zheng Michelle Xue , Wu Shaoxue , Zhang Mingyu , Zhang Chen 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWhen first joining an organization, newcomers need to obtain information about relationships and tasks, as well as about the organization itself. Although many scholars have emphasized the role of information provided by organizational insiders (supervisors and coworkers) in facilitating newcomers' successful adjustment to the organization, the meaningful role of information from sources external to the organization has rarely been included in this line of research. In this study, we propose that both social media and customers can provide information about organizational performance and social image. Based on affective events theory and two fundamental social judgements of competence and warmth, we explore how positive information about organizational performance and social image from social media and customers, along with their interactive effects, affect newcomers' learning behaviours and socialization outcomes through promoting their pride in the organization. In an experiment and a four‐wave, two‐source survey, the results show that positive information from social media and customers plays a critical role in newcomer socialization. We discuss the implications for theory and practice.
Self‐Direction in Medicaid Home‐ and Community‐Based Services
Authors: Friedman Carli 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSelf‐direction allows people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) to control and direct their services and supports. This study's aim was to examine how states across the United States implemented self‐direction in their Medicaid Home‐ and Community‐Based Services (HCBS) 1915(c) waiver programs for people with IDD in fiscal year (FY) 2021. We found 80% of states offered self‐direction in their HCBS programs. Across the United States, the goal was to have 13% people with IDD receiving HCBS self‐direct (n = 113 692). We found, in FY 2021, 29% of services could be self‐directed and 36% of funding was projected for services eligible for self‐direction. There were vast differences in how self‐direction was implemented across states. For example, among the states that allowed self‐direction, goals for self‐direction by state ranged from 0.9% to 47.5% of people with IDD receiving HCBS. Moreover, projected spending for services eligible for self‐direction varied by state from 0.1% to 100%. We believe everyone that wants to self‐direct should have the opportunity to do so.
Training of construction robots using imitation learning and environmental rewards
Authors: Duan Kangkang , Zou Zhengbo , Yang T. Y. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConstruction robots are challenging the paradigm of labor‐intensive construction tasks. Imitation learning (IL) offers a promising approach, enabling robots to mimic expert actions. However, obtaining high‐quality expert demonstrations is a major bottleneck in this process as teleoperated robot motions may not align with optimal kinematic behavior. In this paper, two innovations have been proposed. First, traditional control using controllers has been replaced with vision‐based hand gesture control for intuitive demonstration collection. Second, a novel method that integrates both demonstrations and simple environmental rewards is proposed to strike a balance between imitation and exploration. To achieve this goal, a two‐step training process is proposed. In the first step, an intuitive demonstration collection platform using virtual reality is utilized. Second, a learning algorithm is used to train a policy for construction tasks. Experimental results demonstrate that combining IL with environmental rewards can significantly accelerate the training, even with limited demonstration data.
Blame as Attention
Authors: Chislenko Eugene 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe wide variety of blame presents two difficult puzzles. Why are instances of blame categorized under so many different mental kinds, such as judgment, belief, emotion, action, intention, desire, and combinations of these? Why is “blame” used to describe both interpersonal reactions and mere causal attributions, such as blaming faulty brakes for a car crash? I introduce a new conception of blame, on which blame is attention to something as a source of badness. I argue that this view resolves both puzzles and offers an independently appealing conception of blame.
Are Credit Doors Equally Open? Gender Perspectives on Agricultural Credit Access in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Asiseh Fafanyo , Ng'ombe John N. , Quaicoe Obed , Vorsah Roger , Prah Stephen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAccess to credit is vital for smallholder farmers, but gender disparities persist across the world. We study the determinants and gender disparities in agricultural credit access between female‐headed households (FHHs) and male‐headed households (MHHs) across five Sub‐Saharan African (SSA) countries: Ivory Coast, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Uganda. We employed the probit and Oaxaca‐Blinder probit decomposition models on a random sample of over 18,000 households. Three primary results were found. First, socioeconomic, institutional, and location‐specific factors affect agricultural credit access, with some differences observed between FHHs and MHHs. Second, both rural FHHs and MHHs are more likely to access agricultural credit than their urban counterparts. Additionally, on average, 10.36% of MHHs are more likely to access agricultural credit than FHHs across the five countries. This gap varies considerably, with Nigeria exhibiting the largest disparity (19.64%) and Ivory Coast the smallest (2.15%). Importantly, a large portion (87.55%) of the gender gap is from unexplained/unobserved sources/effects, highlighting significant structural barriers faced by FHHs. Land ownership, age, and credit perceptions contribute to widening the gender gap, while equalizing location, socioeconomic status, trust, and past borrowing could reduce it. We recommend tailored agricultural credit programs that promote gender‐inclusive and sustainable agricultural development in SSA.
Development of an ILI Service for Heavy Wall Pipelines Based on EMAT Technology
Authors: Upadhyaya Jay , Garth Clint , Kania Richard , Schartner Aaron , Hoeving Markus , Moritz Timo , Beuker Thomas , Voss Jens 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Electro Magnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) technology based ILI inspections have become vital for maintaining the safety of gas pipelines in order to manage crack threats. This technology has evolved over the past decade and has become widely used. As with any technology, existing EMAT services have limitations based on the physics of EMAT and the approach to the application of the technology in ILI services.
This paper will describe how TC Energy and ROSEN collaborated to develop reliable EMAT inspection services for heavy wall pipeline applications in addition to the capability of currently available technology. This technology development process involved advancements in sensor design and fabrication, incorporation of latest electronic developments to enhance magnetization as well as leveraging machine learning techniques to enable EMAT inspection of pipelines up to 16.4 mm wall thickness.
The paper will also describe the technology validation process including proof of concept, lab testing, innovative testing process on sample pipe while applying artificial defects that closely mimic natural ones, performance qualification process in line with applicable codes, pilot testing, and performance validation. The full process was executed to conform to typical industry validation requirements and to qualify under operator’s extensive technology validation program. The paper will also review preliminary results of the first pilot application and approval for broader application in pipelines.
The paper describes the collaborative efforts of the research and development teams, business line management and key account management at ROSEN as well as the technology validation, threat management, and project management teams at TC Energy. The work has culminated in five inspections completed (48″ and 36″) on the operator’s system in Canada and the USA.
Impact of Core Training on Functional Movement Screen Scores in Athletes: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Niebla Camila , Carson Rebecca , Mangum L. Colby 
Published: December 2024

Clinical Scenario: The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) is used to assess movement patterns and the risk of injury of active individuals. Current studies have found positive relationships with core training and injury prevention as well as lower limb stability, which can help improve FMS scores. Clinical Question: Does the implementation of a core training program have an impact on FMS scores in healthy active adults who participate in sport? Summary of Key Findings: Literature was searched for articles that included core-focused exercises and implementation of the FMS. This resulted in 25 studies being returned, only 23 of which were published in the last 10 years. Only 7 focused on the change in FMS scores after implementation of core training. Three of these studies were included in the analysis due to the specialized athlete population. All 3 studies found that using a core training program led to significantly higher FMS scores postintervention. Clinical Bottom Line: There is clear evidence that core training increases FMS scores in athletes. It is important for health care providers treating athletes to consider core training to improve functional movement patterns or FMS scores in sport-specific populations. Strength of Recommendation: Overall, there are moderate to high levels of evidence that support a grade B recommendation for core training improvements on FMS scores in athletes.
PWWP domain-containing protein Crf4-3 specifically modulates fungal azole susceptibility by regulating sterol C-14 demethylase ERG11
Authors: Yu Pengju , Ye Shuting , Zhou Mi , Zhang Long , Zhang Zhongchi , Sun Xianyun , Li Shaojie , Hu Chengcheng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

The widespread use of azole antifungals in agriculture and clinical settings has led to serious drug resistance. Overexpression of the azole drug target 14α-demethylase ERG11 (CYP51) is the most common fungal resistance mechanism. However, the presence of additional regulatory proteins in the transcriptional response of
erg11
is not yet fully elucidated. In this study, leveraging the identified key promoter region of
erg11
that controls its response to azoles in
Neurospora crassa
, we pinpointed a protein, Crf4-3, which harbors a PWWP domain and exerts a positive regulatory influence on azole resistance, as determined by DNA pulldown assays. The removal of Crf4-3 results in heightened sensitivity to azoles while remaining unaffected by other stressors tested. Additionally, the deletion leads to the abolition of transcriptional responses of genes such as
erg11
and
erg6
to ketoconazole. Interestingly, the basal expression of
erg1
,
erg11
,
erg25
, and
erg3A
is also affected by the deletion of
crf4-3
, indicating its role in sterol homeostasis. Crf4-3 homologs are broadly distributed across the
Pezizomycotina
fungi. The gene deletion for its homologous protein in
Aspergillus fumigatus
also significantly improves sensitivity to azoles such as voriconazole, primarily through the attenuation of the transcriptional response of
erg11
. Our data, for the first time, identified Crf4-3 as a novel regulatory protein in the azole stress response of filamentous fungi, offering fresh insights into the mechanisms of azole resistance.

IMPORTANCE

Transcriptional control of pivotal genes, such as
erg11
, stands as the primary driver of azole resistance. Although considerable effort has been dedicated to identifying transcription factors involved, our knowledge regarding the use of transcriptional regulation strategies to combat azole resistance is currently limited. In this study, we reveal that a PWWP domain-containing protein Crf4-3, which is conserved in
Pezizomycotina
fungi, modulates fungal azole sensitivity by transcriptionally regulating sterol biosynthetic genes, including
erg11
. These results also broaden the understanding of fungal PWWP domain-containing proteins regarding their roles in regulating resistance against azole antifungals. Considering research on small molecules targeting the PWWP domain in humans, Crf4-3 homolog emerges as a promising target for designing fungal-specific drugs to combat azole resistance.
Reducing unplanned extubation in the neonatal intensive care unit: a quality improvement project
Authors: Tyrer Samantha , Bhatia Risha , Kidman Anna , Fitzgerald Riannah , Roberts Calum T 
Published: December 2024

Background and aimUnplanned extubation (UE) is an adverse event that can occur for neonates that are intubated and mechanically ventilated. UE is recognised as an important quality measure in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) due to the negative impact these events may have on the neonate. We aimed to use quality improvement (QI) methodology to reduce the rate of UE to the global standard of <1/100 ventilation days.MethodsA 12-month retrospective audit on mechanically ventilated neonates in our NICU identified a mean UE rate of 1.78/100 ventilation days. A clinical guideline focusing on best practice was introduced with key interventions identified by a review of the literature as those which were thought to reduce UE rates. The key interventions in the clinical guideline were introduced sequentially. UE rates were analysed monthly using control charts and the reported cause of each UE event was analysed. Three 12-month periods were included: preintroduction of QI interventions (period 1), during introduction of QI interventions (period 2), and after introduction of QI interventions (period 3).ResultsThe introduced interventions reduced the mean rate of UE from 1.78/100 ventilation days in period 1 to 0.8/100 ventilation days in period 3 of the QI project.ConclusionsThe key interventions introduced in this QI project were successful in reducing rates of UE by 55%, allowing achievement of the global standard of <1/100 ventilation days.
Genetic variation in circadian regulator geneBMAL1in psychiatric, psychological and cardiometabolic traits: a trans-ancestry UK Biobank study
Authors: Daudali Hamza , Anderson Jana , Bailey Mark E S , Fradera Alexander , Niedzwiedz Claire L , Lyall Donald , Lyall Laura M M , Strawbridge Rona J 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe link between cardiometabolic disease and mental illness has been well established but remains incompletely explained. One hypothesis suggests that circadian rhythm dysregulation links cardiometabolic disease and mental illnesses.BMAL1is a circadian rhythm regulatory gene. Human genetic studies have implicatedBMAL1in depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder as well as body mass index, blood pressure and lipid levels.ObjectiveWe investigated theBMAL1locus genetic variants for associations with both cardiometabolic and mental illness.MethodsGenetic and phenotypic data from UK Biobank (~500 000 participants) of White British, African-Caribbean, South Asian, white European and Multiple ancestries were used. Regression analyses using Plink 1.09 was used to identify significant associations, with Bonferroni multiple testing correction. Multiple ancestry meta-analyses using METAL software was used to investigate trans-ancestry consistency in genetic effects.FindingsWe identified associations for body mass index, anhedonia, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, waist-hip ratio, major depressive disorder, neuroticism and risk-taking. Meta-analyses indicated that there are ancestry-wide and ancestry-specific effects on cardiometabolic, mental illness and related traits.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the associations for mental illness (and related traits) and those for cardiometabolic traits are distinct rather than shared and that these associations were consistent across ancestry groups.Clinical implicationsFurther investigation into the tissue-specific roles ofBMAL1is required to fully understand the clinical impact of these findings.
Comparison of the effect of medium-chain fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids on postprandial appetite and lipemia: a randomised crossover trial
Authors: Jadallah Ruaa , Hammad Shatha S 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPostprandial lipemia (PPL) has been recognised as a cardiovascular disease risk factor. Appetite and PPL can be influenced by the length of saturated fatty acids (FAs). Thus, this study aims to investigate if different FA chain lengths have different impacts on appetite and PPL in healthy volunteers.MethodsThis is a randomised crossover single-blinded intervention study of 20 healthy adults. Coconut oil and palm oil were consumed in the form of biscuits. Blood serum samples were withdrawn after an overnight fast and 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after eating the test meals and examined for blood lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglycerides (TG)), while Friedewald’s equation was used to calculate low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Visual analogue scales were used by participants to rate their appetites, and an ad libitum meal was weighed to determine the energy intake.ResultsThe net area under the curve of TG and TC following the coconut oil were significantly lower than following the palm oil (Pvalue ≤0.05). In the mean of the change in TC, LDL and HDL from the baseline, a significant difference was found after 6 hours of eating the biscuits (Pvalue ≤0.05). The perceptions of hunger and fullness did not significantly differ between the two types of FAs. Also, the energy and macronutrient intakes were not significantly different after the two types of oil, neither at the ad libitum meal nor on the day following the treatments.ConclusionThe selection of FA chain length may influence PPL, and thus cardiovascular disease risk in a way that is functionally significant. However, this study detected no influence of FA chain length on appetite up to 40 hours post-treatment.Trial registration numberNCT05539742.
Vitamin D and/or calcium to prevent fractures and falls: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Massé Olivier , Mercurio Claudia Mei , Dupuis Sébastien , Arruda Alexandra , Desforges Katherine , Dugré Nicolas , Dallaire Gabriel , Williamson David 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundPrevious systematic reviews on fracture and fall prevention have generally shown no efficacy with calcium or vitamin D alone and conflicting findings with that of vitamin D combined with calcium. Despite these findings, increases in vitamin D and calcium prescriptions have been reported in many countries, as many clinicians, guidelines and regulatory agencies still largely recommend universal supplementation to adults.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a systematic review of randomised controlled trials on the efficacy of vitamin D and/or calcium in fracture and fall prevention. A systematic search will be performed in Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and Clinicaltrials.gov (1 January 2024). We will also hand search abstracts published in relevant congress and journals (2021–2023) and the reference lists of included trials. We will consider any trial involving the pharmacological administration of calcium alone, vitamin D alone or vitamin D combined with calcium against placebo or no treatment in adults. The primary outcome will be the number of participants with fractures at any site. The secondary outcomes will be the number of participants with hip fractures, non-vertebral fractures, vertebral fractures and falls, and the rate of falls. Two reviewers will independently screen and include the trials, extract the data and assess the risk of bias using the second version of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. We plan to pool outcomes to conduct random-effects meta-analyses and to appraise the certainty of evidence using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Many prespecified subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be performed to explore the potential heterogeneity and to test the robustness of our findings.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic review does not require research ethics approval. The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and help inform clinicians, guidelines and regulatory agencies.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023483915
Employing artificial intelligence for optimising antibiotic dosages in sepsis on intensive care unit: a study protocol for a prospective observational study (KI.SEP)
Authors: Marko Britta , Palmowski Lars , Nowak Hartmuth , Witowski Andrea , Koos Björn , Rump Katharina , Bergmann Lars , Bandow Julia , Eisenacher Martin , Günther Patrick , Adamzik Michael , Sitek Barbara , Rahmel Tim 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionIn sepsis treatment, achieving and maintaining effective antibiotic therapy is crucial. However, optimal antibiotic dosing faces challenges due to significant variability among patients with sepsis. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), the current gold standard, lacks initial dosage adjustments and global availability. Even with daily TDM, antibiotic serum concentrations (ASCs) often deviate from the therapeutic range. This study addresses these challenges by developing machine learning (ML)-based ASC prediction models capable of handling variable data input and encompassing diverse clinical, laboratory, microbiological and proteomic parameters without the need for daily TDM.MethodsThis prospective observational study is conducted in a German university hospital intensive care unit. Eligible sepsis patients receive continuous antibiotic therapy with piperacillin/tazobactam (n=100) or meropenem (n=100) within 24 hours. Exclusion criteria include refusal, pregnancy, lactation and severe anaemia (haemoglobin <8 g/dL). Blood samples for TDM are collected from patients, along with clinical and laboratory parameters on days 1–8 and day 30 or on discharge. ML models predicting ASC between day 1 and day 8 serve as primary and key secondary endpoints. We will use the collected data to develop multifaceted ML-based algorithms aimed at optimising antibiotic dosing in sepsis. Our two-way approach involves creating two distinct algorithms: the first focuses on predictive accuracy and generalisability using routine clinical parameters, while the second leverages an extended dataset including a plethora of factors currently insufficiently explored and not available in standard clinical practice but may help to enhance precision. Ultimately, these models are envisioned for integration into clinical decision support systems within patient data management systems, facilitating automated, personalised treatment recommendations for sepsis.Ethics and disseminationThe study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of Ruhr-University Bochum (No. 23-7905). Findings will be disseminated through open-access publication in a peer-reviewed journal and social media channels.Trial registration numberDRKS00032970.