bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel passive adaptive magnetorheological energy absorber
Authors: Xi Jun , Dong Xiaomin , Li Wenfeng , Wang Tao , Song Xianyu , Zhang Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
For traditional magnetorheological (MR) shock absorbers, the damping force is proportional to the square of the impact velocity. The instantaneous peak value of the damping force can easily cause damage to the load structure or human body, which will reduce the buffering efficiency. The viscous damping force is significantly affected by the size of the gap. Therefore, by changing the flow gap under different buffer strokes by presetting, the damping force can be maintained at a constant output in the full piston stroke, thereby improving the buffer efficiency. That is, a large gap is used at high speed and a small gap is used at low speed. The increase of the magnetic damping force at a small gap is applied to compensate for the decrease of the viscous force at low speed. Only constant current needs to be applied during buffering, which can greatly reduce costs. Based on this idea, a novel MR damper based on axial variable damping gap (MRD-VDG) is proposed. The MRD-VDG design method for the constant value output of the damping force in the full piston stroke is discussed and applied. According to the different requirements of the damping force under different piston displacements, the damping gap of different axial position are preset to realize the constant value output of the damping force during the stroke. The damping force under different damping gaps is analytically derived according to the Bingham-plastic nonlinear flow model with minor losses. Combining with the finite element analysis to obtain magnetic fields at different damping gaps between piston and cylinder. To validate the performance of the proposed design method, the prototype of MRD-VDG is fabricated. Damping characteristic test and impact test are performed to measure the damping characteristics of the MRD-VDG under different excited conditions. The results show that the piston displacement history of the damping force in the experiment is agreed well with the displacement history of the desired F-S curve under the assumed speed. The buffer efficiency of the prototype under designed conditions (the ratio of the corrected theoretical constant damping force to the actual peak damping force) exceeds 90%. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the MRD-VDG design. This design method has significant application prospects under impact condition without complex control (such as gun buffer, landing buffer, etc.)
Non-destructive detection of two cucumber cultivars fruit quality using NIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Kusumiyati  , Hamdani J S , Sutari W , Mubarok S , Kurniasari I 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Cucumber fruit quality can be detected by the non-destructive method such as NIR Spectroscopy. NIR determines the content quality of the product rapidly, precise, and accurate. This study aims to predict the quality component of cucumber cultivars Bandana and Wulan by a non-destructive method using portable NIR. The experiment was conducted at Post Harvest Laboratory of Agriculture Faculty of Padjadjaran University and the instrument used to measure the fruit quality in a non-destructive way was the NIR (NirVana AG410, Integrated Spectronics Pty, Ltd, Australia). To determine cucumber internal quality it was done from the evaluations obtained by a non-destructive method (NIR) and a destructive method. The calibration and validation models are built using the partial least squares (PLS) method. The result shows that the quality component of the non-destructive cucumber method using NIR has accuracy values similar to the conventional method. In the observed result quality component, the correlation coefficient (R) was close to 1.00 and the standard error of calibration (SEC) was low or close to 0.00.
Utilization of selected microorganisms in enhancing the growth of selected plant in ex gold mining soil
Authors: Widiastuti H , Wulandari D , Zarate J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Gold mining is an essential economic booster in enhancing the foreign exchange of a country. However, the gold mining activities resulting in contaminated soil. Phytoremediation, using plants for environmental remediation, has been intensively investigated in last decade. Phytoremediation has fewer side effects than conventional physical and chemical methods. This remediation technique embraces an array of low-cost plant-based technologies that could be potentially advantageous for remediation of the former gold mining site. This research aimed to assess the potency of selected microorganisms to support the growth of the plant in the soil of the former gold mining area. The application of selected microorganisms of P solubilizer, N fixing, growth-promoting bacteria, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi showed the best result on yield. This study showed that sengon (Falcataria) yields the better one compared to that of sorghum both in a medium consisting of ex gold mining soil and compost and medium with the composition of the soil, compost, and zeolite. It can thus be concluded that sengon inoculated with selected microbe is a potential method for remediating ex gold mining area.
Farmers’ resilience towards land use change case study in Padang City, West Sumatra, Indonesia)
Authors: Mutiara VI , Febriamansyah R , Hariance R , Utami A S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Farmers in Padang City, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia face a dilemma of choices to change in land use due to urban development and population growth in the city. However, some farmers still survive and keep their land for agricultural farming purposes. This research aims to analyze farmers’ resilience factors for coping and adaptation towards land us change. This study used a survey method and selected; 3 sub-districts in Padang Cityhave the largest irrigated agriculture land area and have a tendency of high land conversion. One hundred and two rice farmers were selected as respondents with a criterion of having land close to the main road access, arterial roads, and residential roads and in an area with a high land convention tendency. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which then analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis. The results show that internal factors and external factorsinternal factors influenced farmers’ resilience and external factors influenced farmers’ resilience, internal factors and external factors influenced farmers’ re-silience, internal factors, and external factors influenced farmers’ resilience. Internal factors include land ownership, farm income, farming experience, and the nature of farming activity where farming is a transfer of strong knowledge and understanding between parents and their children in farming, thus strengthening farmers to continue their farming. The external factor that affects farmers to survive is the ownership system of communal land (ulayat land) as a Minangkabau cultural heritage. This forces farmers to keep working on their land. By considering these factors, the government policy should be concerned about the social system in Minangkabau society as a baseline policy to maintain agricultural land.
Competitive analysis of crude palm oil (CPO) in West Sumatera Province to other provinces in Sumatera Island in domestic market
Authors: Nesti L , Tan F , Hadiguna R A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The agricultural sector in Indonesia, especially Crude Palm Oil (CPO) has contributed the country’s foreign exchange with the value of CPO exports in 2016 amounting to the US $ 17.8 billion, up 8 per cent compared to the previous year of US $ IG.5 billion. This has led Indonesia to become the largest producer and exporter of palm oil until now. Six provinces became the largest production centre of palm oil in Indonesia, but West Sumatera Province has not been included in the big six. West Sumatera Province, which is still dominated by an agriculture sector, and or plantation sub-sector has contributed 6.57%. The purpose of this research is to analyze the competitiveness of CPO export of five provinces located in Sumatra Island in a domestic market and compare it with C PO competitiveness in West Sumatera Province with time-series data from 2000-2016 using RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage) Index. The results show that on average the RCA value produced by RCA > 1 is only South Sumatera province with RCA < 1 if each year the analysis of each Province shows fluctuating RCA values that lend to show a decline. Except for the value of RCA Provinces West Sumatera showed on the increase. One of the causes of the declining RCA values is that each Province has started to focus on the development of downstream CPO products so that the CPO that was once more exported overseas has gradually started to reduce exports and more to meet domestic demand as raw materials CPO downstream products such as the manufacture of food and non-food products. Meanwhile, CPO in West Sumatera Province is still dominated by foreign exports compared to downstream development.
The ability of selected indigenous cyanobacteria isolates of West Sumatra to control Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici on chili
Authors: Yanti Y , Hamid H , Syarif Z 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The cyanobacteria provide a promising inoculant alternative for enhancement the growth, nitrogen fixation and yields. Our Previous study had screened the best cyanobacteria isolates, which has potential as a plant growth promoter. However, the ability of the cyanobacteria strain to control Fusarium wilt disease is not yet identified. This research aimed to screen the best cyanobacteria strains isolated from chili rhizosphere as growth promotor and biocontrol agents for fusarium wilt on chili. Cyanobacteria multiplied with common methods using BG-11 medium ( room temperature, 12/12 h L/D cycle). All strains showed ability as growth promotor and increase yields. All isolates also showed suppression of disease development caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici (Foc). All the five strains that are known for their ability to control R. syzygii subsp. indonesiensis were also had the best ability to promote growth and increase resistance to Foc.
Bibliometric analysis of traceability in agri-food research
Authors: Hisjam M , Sartika V , Priyandari Y , Sutopo W 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Traceability in agri-food has become an important aspect of consumer awareness that demand foods that are available, in good quality, healthy, and traceable in handling processes. This field has also become the focus of the study among the related scientists. We used bibliometric analysis to review the published traceability of agri-food papers. The analysis using a query from the Scopus website to see the importance of this field to research. Our web search covers publication from 1998 to 2018, and we found 67 articles published on this query, and 31 papers include the query using the keyword ‘food safety’. The authors of these articles are mostly from developed countries. Although somewhat fluctuated, the number of documents tends to increase with time to indicate that this field is growing.
Realtime measurement of human labor energy for primary tillage operation in paddy cultivation
Authors: Putri RE , Lubis MIA , Hasan A , Santosa  , Arlius F 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Human labor energy still provides a large and dominant contribution in rice cultivation in Indonesia. This study is specified to determine human energy needed for primary tillage operation in paddy cultivation practices in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera Indonesia. The objectives of this research are to analyze human energy expenditure for primary tillage operation and to compare between real-time measurement and conversion factor of energy. The data were collected with three different plot areas with average size 30 m × 25 m. The analysis of human energy consumption conducted by two methods (predicted energy using conversion factor value of energy and real-time energy using Garmin Forerunner 35). The result shows that the real-time measurements of labor energy expenditure for primary tillage operation were 17.7291, 19.2857, and 12.2483 MJ/ha, respectively. However, the labor energy defined by the conversion factor were 13.3568, 14.0141 and 12.7498 MJ/ha, respectively. Thus, tillage operation with average heart beat rate was 127 bpm, it could be categorized as heavy work. This information is needed as a basis to improve and recommend designing of agricultural equipment and machinery, and also tools to reduce the use of labor energy.
Hedonic Test of Kombucha Coffee
Authors: Nana Kusdiana Raden , Ferdi Vinsensius , Kusumawardhana Indra , Levyta Farah 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Kombucha is a fermented drink that has a health benefit. Originally, kombucha made from a combination of sweetened tea that mixed with a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast to ferment. Moreover, the making of kombucha starts to vary through an infusion method such as herbs infusion, flowers or fruits, and vegetable mixture, and even to substitute with the coffee ground. Indonesia is the fifth largest consumer of coffee in the world. Therefore, this article aims to study an upcycling of leftover coffee grounds to produce kombucha. This form of fermentation method with inoculum Kombucha tea, which then known as Kombucha coffee (KC). The empiric study was conducted using a quantitative method, where a secondary data was supported with the primary result of questionnaires to eighty panelists. The findings of this research suggested that the aroma and taste of KC widely accept by the respondents. Additionally, KC’s aroma, taste, and texture proved more hedonic value than tea kombucha. Although the study has a limitation such as time and the number of respondents. But, the result of the study stimulates a further discussion to investigate the significance of KC towards business and economic benefits.
Effects of Pouring Temperature Variations on Fatigue Properties of Al-Cu Alloy After Remelting
Authors: Muhammad Sadida Hizba , Tri Iswanto Priyo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this research is to observe the casting temperature variations effects on fatigue properties of Al 2024 with different types of casting temperature. Three different pouring temperatures were carried out 688, 738, 788 °C, and the cast mold was preheated and kept constant at 220°C. The speciment was heat-treated by T6 process in which this method was heat treated in electrical furnace at 500 °C for 2 hours continued by fast quenching into water. Finally, the sample cast was treated by artificial aging method with the temperature at 190 °C. The results show that at 688°C pouring temperature, it has the highest tensile test results than to other variations which is 138.37 MPa, and for the fatigue strength at more than 2x106 cycles is 62.3 MPa. It shows that fatigue life of aluminum alloy 2024 could be improved by T6 heat treatment and artificial aging in which it indicates that the number of the fatigue strength depends on the number of the maximum tensile strength of the material because the increase in the maximum tensile strength will increase the fatigue strength.
Shape Modification of Manganese Oxide Prepared by Solvothermal: Effect of Precipitation Agent
Authors: Kusumaningrum Retno , De Yesu Prisila Abi Faustina , Sukmarani Galuh , Muhammad Habieb Alvin , Fauzi Fiqhi , Bambang Widayatno Wahyu , Sukarto Wismogroho Agus , Ikhlasul Amal Muhamad , Taufiqu Rochman Nurul , Noviyanto Alfian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Nano-sized manganese oxide was synthesized by the solvothermal method. Manganese sulfate was used as a precursor, which is obtained from the Sumbawa manganese ore. Two kinds of the precipitating agent, ammonium persulfate and sodium hydroxide, were used in this study and the effect on the solvothermal product were examined thoroughly. The solvothermal temperature and time were 120°C for 18 hours, respectively, for both precipitating agents. The results showed that the phase of manganese oxide was influenced by the precipitating agent, as indicated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Phase <x-MnO2 was obtained from the reaction between MnSO4 and ammonium persulfate, while Mn3O4 for the sodium hydroxide. The formation of a-MnO2 was influenced by the excess of NH4
+ which came from the manganese ore leaching into MnSO4. One notable finding in this study is that the morphology of manganese oxide was also affected by the precipitating agent. For instance, the shape of MnO2 and Mn3O4 was needle and sphere, respectively. Moreover, the strict long thinner needle of <x-MnO2 was formed and the aspect ratio increased at a higher temperature. While the particle size of Mn3O4 decreased with the increased temperature. These results imply that variation of a precipitating agent is imperative to obtain the specific manganese oxide product, including the shape.
Bond Strength, Hardness, and Microstructure Analysis of Stellite Coating Applied on 410 Steel Surface Using Flame Spray, Plasma Spray, and High-Velocity Oxyfuel Spray Process
Authors: Widya Satya Nail , Mudiantoro Sunoto , Winarto Winarto 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Three thermal spray methods often used in industry are flame spray, plasma spray, and high-velocity oxyfuel (HVOF) spray. This research is intended to compare the properties of those methods in depositing Stellite coating on 410 martensitic stainless steel. The results showed that both plasma spray and HVOF coating show an even deposition, which could not be achieved by a flame spray method. Those three coatings meet manufacture minimum bond strength requirements. The highest bond strength and hardness were provided by the HVOF process with a value of 33.1 MPa and 719 HV, respectively. According to bond strength and standard hardness deviation, the HVOF process gives the most homogeneous coating. Substrate hardness just below the coating interface after flame spray, plasma spray, and HVOF process are raised by 236%, 56%, and 65% each from the specification. HVOF coating has the best cross section compared to others. Smallest porosity percentage, porosity size, and average interface unbonding is got by the HVOF process, with a value of 0.2%, 7.2 um, and 31%, respectively. Coating microstructure after etching shows phases related to heat input during application. The dendritic structure is observed on flame spray and plasma spray coating after etching but not on HVOF coating. Oxides and carbides of both cobalt and chrome are formed in the coating.
Study on the Effect of Volume Fraction (Vf%) SiC Addition to The Characteristics of Mg-Al-Sr / SiC Composites Using Stir Casting Method
Authors: Ramadhan Ronan , Zulfia Anne 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this study a magnesium metal matrix composite fabrication process was carried out combined with Al-15Sr alloy which will create intermetallic phases of Mg17Al12 and Mg58Al38Sr4. Reinforce material that is used for this study is SiC with an amount of 2, 4, 6, 8 vf%. Stir casting is used as the fabrication method as it doesn’t require much maintenance and relatively cheap. Argon is used as a shielding gas so oxidation does not occur to magnesium and prevent combustion. The composite is then casted into a SKD 61 metal mold and then cooled so it can be characterized by the various tests it will go through. SiC is added as the reinforcement material in hopes to increase the mechanical properties of the composite. This can be seen when the composite go through a number of tests, including microstructure analysis, SEM, XRD testing, and various mechanical tests. Through this procedure is it then concluded that composite with 6 vf% SiC is the optimum amount of reinforce material which results in UTS of 51,09 MPa, hardness of 73 HRH, impact strength of 0.0367 J/mm2 and abrasion rate of 5.68 x 10−3 mm3/m.
Process Mining with Applications to Automotive Industry
Authors: Siek Michael , Malik Gunadharma Mukti Ryan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Process mining as a modeling and analysis tool can be used to improve the business performance by looking at the actual business processes. This paper presents the applications of process mining in automotive industry. Using event log data with timestamps, process mining algorithms, like inductive miner and fuzzy miner were able to automatically generate car manufacturing processes, automatically checking the conformance between the actual processes and the predefined standard ones, and identify and solve any bottlenecks and issues in the car manufacturing processes. A number of car manufacturing issues were considered in this research, such as process delays, stagnant workflow, mismanagement, faulty production and labor insufficiency. The modeling and statistical results show promising leverage of process mining in automotive industry that can lead to the autonomous car manufacturing with abilities for real-time process auditing and reengineering.
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Study of LiFePO4/Li during Discharging Process
Authors: Sudaryanto  , Purwamargapratala Yustinus , Yulianti Evi , Honggowiranto Wagiyo , Kartini Evvy 
Published: October 2020

AbstractElectrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) study has been applied to investigate the electrochemical properties of LiFePO4/Li half-cell at initial state (before and after charge/discharge process), and a certain dept of discharge (DoD). The impedance spectra were collected over the frequency range from 42 Hz to 5 MHz. The EIS spectra of LiFePO4/Li half-cell show the appearance of semicircles in which the diameter increased with DoD. An equivalent circuit was constructed to each spectrum in order to elucidate to electrochemical properties changes of LiFePO4/Li half-cell battery as function of DoD. The information of bulk and interfacial resistances are obtained by modeling with the equivalent circuits according with the Nyquist plots of each spectrum. The experiment results show the increase in the resistance of LiFePO4/Li half-cell with the DoD.
A Single Stage 1 Switched Capacitor 7S-7L using Different PWM Topologies for Harmonics Reduction
Authors: Nagulmeeravali Shaik , Balaji K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Design and analysis of single-stage 1 Switched Capacitor (SC) boost 7Switch 7-Level (7S-7L) inverter for attaining higher voltage levels with reduced switches count using various PWM techniques is presented. PD, POD, APOD, VF, and CO is different PWM techniques which used to control the switches in the SC circuit. The main objective of this analysis is to reduce the existing drawbacks as increased switches count, high % of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), and typical PWM control method. Single-stage SC-based boost converter topology in Multi-Level Inverter (MLI) that resolves the existing problem. Single source, two capacitors, and the voltage gain ratio of 4 are attained from the presented topology without the transformer. Furthermore, comparisons are made between the existing parameters such as THD value, voltage levels, and proposed THD, voltage levels with different PWM techniques. SC-based 7L inverter is implemented, in order to compare the performance of proposed better than the existing 5-level MLI and 5-level SC-MLI inverter, and THD is compared with various PWM techniques and 0.9 modulation index. The performance of the proposed method is validated through the simulation results using MATLAB/Simulink.