bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune-Metabolic Therapy of Purulent Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Berezhnova Tatiyana A. , Dyadina Kseniya S. , Kulintsova Yana V. 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs rank among the leading ones in the total number of women of reproductive age. This results from a decrease in immunity, early sexual activity, neglect of personal hygiene, abortions, birth complications, etc.
Materials and Methods: The study included 100 patients suffering from exacerbated chronic salpingo-oophoritis and its combination with bacterial vaginosis. In the study, all the patients were randomly divided into five groups, with 20 patients each. The patients were treated in the prescribed regimens and doses, according to the standards of specialized medical care. An immunomodulator immunomax and an antioxidant hypoxene were chosen as additional treatment options. Clinical and laboratory parameters were measured in all the patients before and after the treatment. The effec­tiveness of the treatment was evaluated 10-14 days later. In 18 people, the procedure was repeated after 2-3 months.
Results and Discussion: It was found that the standard therapy to treat exacerbated chronic salpingo-oophoritis re­duced inflammatory manifestations after 10-14 days; however, the risk of complications and relapse of the disease remained. Immunomax provided satisfactory second-order normalization of the immunological and metabolic parame­ters, ultimate normalization of pro-inflammatory parameters and absolutely no positive effect on the clinical parameters in patients with chronic salpingo-oophoritis in the acute stage, when compared with the standard treatment. A complex therapy of salpingo-oophoritis with bacterial vaginosis by means of immunomax and hypoxene aimed to normalize most clinical and laboratory parameters was absolutely positive; a moderate level of parameters was revealed only in cellular-humoral immunity.
Conclusion: After 10-14 days, the standard treatment of patients resulted in normalization of the pro-inflammatory and immunological parameters, rather than the clinical and metabolic parameters. The administration of immunomax con­tributed to the correction of metabolic, immunological and pro-inflammatory markers, and the complex administration of an immunomodulator with an antioxidant favorably affected all the laboratory parameters.
Ketamine for Acute Pain Management and Sedation
Authors: Brown Kyle , Tucker Calvin 
Published: October 2020

Topic
Ketamine is beneficial in clinical settings ranging from procedural sedation to the treatment of chronic pain. This article describes the clinical benefits of ketamine for treatment of acute pain and for sedation of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.

Clinical Relevance
Ketamine causes analgesic and amnestic effects by noncompetitive inhibition of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and activation of the opioid μ and κ receptors. Unlike other sedatives, ketamine provides analgesia and amnesia without causing hypotension or respiratory depression. Several studies have elucidated the clinical benefits of ketamine. The use of ketamine has extended beyond critical care areas such as the operating room and intensive care units. Nurses must be familiar with optimal clinical scenarios, monitoring parameters, and contraindications of ketamine.

Purpose
To highlight the clinical utility and pharmacological properties of ketamine through a literature review. Current studies of ketamine in acute pain and sedation management are summarized.

Content Covered
This narrative review describes pharmacological properties, dosing strategies, adminis­tration considerations, and adverse effects of ketamine.
Hiding in Plain Sight: Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Infections
Authors: Nickel Barb 
Published: October 2020

Topic
This article presents an overview of the burden of peripheral intravenous catheter infections and current evidence-based recommendations for prevention.

Clinical Relevance
Peripheral intravenous catheters are ubiquitous in most health care settings, fostering an acceptance of the peripheral intravenous catheter as benign and inevitable. This device, however, is far from benign, with reported failure rates as high as 90% from complications such as infection and phlebitis. Although reported rates of bloodstream infection related to peripheral intravenous catheters are much lower than those attributed to central venous catheters, the exponentially higher use of peripheral intravenous catheters indicates that the absolute number of peripheral venous catheter–related bloodstream infections is likely as high as and may surpass the number of central venous catheter–related bloodstream infections, with significant associated morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of Paper
Sustained improvements in outcomes related to peripheral intravenous catheters will depend on recognition of the root causes of failure and increased commitment to practice patterns consistent with infusion therapy standards of practice, effective education about peripheral intravenous catheters, accurate documentation of all aspects of peripheral intravenous catheter management, and consistent surveillance of patient outcomes related to peripheral intravenous catheters.

Content Covered
This article reviews the significant burden of peripheral intravenous catheter infections, barriers to effective peripheral intravenous catheter management, and current evidence-based recommendations to prevent this source of patient harm.
Perspectives of Pediatric Providers on Patients With Complex Chronic Conditions: A Mixed-Methods Sequential Explanatory Study
Authors: Kobussen Taylor A. , Hansen Gregory , Brockman Rebecca J. , Holt Tanya R. 
Published: October 2020

Background
Children with complex chronic conditions present unique challenges to the pediatric intensive care unit, including prolonged length of stay, complex medical regimens, and complicated family dynamics.

Objectives
To examine perspectives of pediatric intensive care unit health care providers regarding pediatric patients with complex chronic conditions, and to explore potential opportunities to improve these patients’ care.

Methods
A prospective mixed-methods sequential explanatory study was conducted in a tertiary medical-surgical pediatric intensive care unit using surveys performed with REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) followed by semistructured interviews.

Results
The survey response rate was 70.6% (77 of 109). Perspectives of health care providers did not vary with duration of work experience. Ten semistructured interviews were conducted. Eight overarching themes emerged from the interviews: (1) the desire for increased formal education specific to pediatric complex chronic care patients; (2) designation of a primary intensivist; (3) modifying delivery of care to include a discrete location for care provision; (4) establishing daily, short-term, and long-term goals; (5) monitoring and documenting care milestones; (6) strengthening patient and family communications with the health care team; (7) optimizing discharge coordination and planning; and (8) integrating families into care responsibilities.

Conclusions
Pediatric intensive care unit health care providers’ perspectives of pediatric patients with complex chronic conditions indicated opportunities to refine the care provided by establishing daily goals, coordinating discharge planning, and creating occasions for close communication between patients, families, and providers.
Caspase-4: A Therapeutic Target for Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Zaslona Zbigniew , Flis Ewelina , Nulty Ciara , Kearney Jay , Fitzgerald Rebecca , Douglas Atiyekeogbebe R , McNamara Deirdre , Smith Sinead , O’Neill Luke A J , Creagh Emma M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Peptic ulcers are caused by the interaction between bacterial and host factors. This study demonstrates enhanced expression of caspase-4 in peptic ulcer patient biopsies, indicating that pyroptosis and noncanonical inflammasome activity may be processes involved in peptic ulcer disease. We show that primary murine macrophages infected with Helicobacter pylori upregulate caspase-11 (the ortholog of human caspase-4), activate caspase-1, and secrete IL-1β. We demonstrate that misoprostol (a stable PGE1 analogue) decreased IL-1β secretion and delayed lethality in vivo in a murine peritonitis model. PGE2 was shown to inhibit caspase-11–driven pyroptosis and IL-1β secretion in macrophages. Overall, we provide evidence for a pathological role of caspase-4/11 in peptic ulcer disease and propose that targeting caspase-4 or inhibiting pyroptosis may have therapeutic potential in the management of peptic ulcers.
TSAd Plays a Major Role in Myo9b-Mediated Suppression of Malignant Pleural Effusion by Regulating TH1/TH17 Cell Response
Authors: Yi Feng-Shuang , Zhang Xin , Zhai Kan , Huang Zhong-Yin , Wu Xiu-Zhi , Wu Min-Ting , Shi Xin-Yu , Pei Xue-Bin , Dong Shu-Feng , Wang Wen , Yang Yuan , Du Juan , Luo Zeng-Tao , Shi Huan-Zhong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that Myo9b is a cancer metastasis–related protein and functions in a variety of immune-related diseases. However, it is not clear whether and how Myo9b functions in malignant pleural effusion (MPE). In this study, our data showed that Myo9b expression levels correlated with lung cancer pleural metastasis, and nucleated cells in MPE from either patients or mice expressed a lower level of Myo9b than those in the corresponding blood. Myo9b deficiency in cancer cells suppressed MPE development via inhibition of migration. Myo9b deficiency in mice suppressed MPE development by decreasing TH1 cells and increasing TH17 cells. CD4+ naive T cells isolated from Myo9b−/− mouse spleens exhibited less TH1 cell differentiation and more TH17 cell differentiation in vitro. mRNA sequencing of nucleated cells showed that T cell–specific adaptor protein (TSAd) was downregulated in Myo9b−/− mouse MPE, and enrichment of the H3K27me3 mark in the TSAd promoter region was found in the Myo9b−/− group. Naive T cells purified from wild type mouse spleens transfected with TSAd-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) also showed less TH1 cell differentiation and more TH17 cell differentiation than those from the siRNA control group. Furthermore, downregulation of TSAd in mice using cholesterol-conjugated TSAd-specific siRNA suppressed MPE development, decreased TH1 cells, and increased TH17 cells in MPE in vivo. Taken together, Myo9b deficiency suppresses MPE development not only by suppressing pleural cancer metastasis but also by regulating TH1/TH17 cell response via a TSAd-dependent pathway. This work suggests Myo9b and TSAd as novel candidates for future basic and clinical investigations of cancer.
Endoscopic Management of Post-Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Leakage and Stenosis Using Fully Covered Stent
Authors: Aljahdli Emad S. , Aldabbagh Ammar , Salah Fatima , Alsahafi Majid , Maghrabi Ashraf A. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is the most commonly performed surgery to treat morbid obesity. Post-LSG leak and stenosis are serious complications that can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

Objective:
The objective was to report the efficacy and safety profile of using specifically designed fully covered self-expandable metallic stent for the treatment of post-LSG complications.

Methods:
This retrospective study included adult patients who underwent placement of a fully covered esophagogastric, self-expandable metallic stent for post-LSG leak or stenosis. The procedure was carried out at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between September 2017 and May 2019. Data regarding demographics, indication for stenting, size of the stent, procedural success and poststenting adverse events were collected.

Results:
A total of 14 patients met the inclusion criteria, with indication for endoscopic stenting being post-LSG leak in 11 patients and stenosis in 3 patients. The technical success rate of self-expandable metallic stent placement was 100%, and the clinical success was 85.7% (12 of 14 patients). Nausea (71.4%) and vomiting (85.7%) were the most frequent mild adverse events reported. Stent-induced esophageal stricture was the only major adverse event reported in two patients.

Conclusion:
Placement of specifically designed self-expandable metallic stent for the treatment of post-LSG leak and stenosis is an effective and safe approach. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to assess the optimal duration needed to treat such complications.
Samuel Dickstein and his publication on Ignacy Domeyko’s master’s dissertation (thesis) at University in Vilna
Authors: Banionis Juozas 
Published: October 2020

Samuel Dickstein founded the journal Wiadomości Matematyczne in Warszaw, of which he edited and published 47 volumes in the years 1897–1939. One of them (volume XXV, 1921) presented the scientific work (thesis) of the famous 19th century scholar and teacher – Ignacy Domeyko (1802–1889). It was written in 1822 to obtain a master’s degree in philosophy at University of Vilna (Wilno, now Vilnius). The original manuscript of I. Domeyko is has not been preserved. This report reveals the circumstances and content of the master’s dissertation written by I. Domeyko.
Tadeusz Konrad Przypkowski (1905–1977) – gnomonik z Jędrzejowa
Authors: Zaczkowski Rafał 
Published: October 2020

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia biografię naukową Tadeusza Konrada Przypkowskiego (1905–1977), wybitnego eksperta w dziedzinie gnomoniki – jest to pierwsze w literaturze tak obszerne opracowanie tego tematu. Był on z wykształcenia historykiem sztuki i nauki, doktoryzował się w 1929 roku na podstawie pracy o XVII-wiecznym rzeźbiarzu małopolskim Janie Pfisterze, a habilitował w 1965 roku na podstawie pracy Naukowe pojęcie deklinacji magnetycznej w Polsce. Od najmłodszych lat interesował się gnomoniką, rekonstruował i tworzył nowe zegary słoneczne, restaurował zabytkowe. Prowadził badania, publikując na ten temat artykuły w czasopismach naukowych i popularnonaukowych. Jego pasja, którą była gnomonika, sprawiła, że stał się wybitnym specjalistą znanym i cenionym w kraju i na świecie. Wielokrotnie pełnił rolę konsultanta i wykonawcy zegarów słonecznych. Brał udział w sympozjach i konferencjach naukowych, na których wygłaszał odczyty, entuzjastycznie przyjmowane przez uczestników. Do dnia dzisiejszego jego prace można oglądać i podziwiać w wielu miastach w Polsce i za granicą. Tadeusz Konrad Przypkowski (1905–1977) – a gnomonist from Jędrzejów (Poland) This article presents the scientific biography of Tadeusz Konrad Przypkowski (1905–1977), an outstanding expert in the field of gnomonics. This is the first such comprehensive study of this subject in literature. T.K. Przypkowski was a historian of art and science, and obtained his doctorate in 1929 based on the work of Jan Pfister, a 17th century sculptor, and he received a tenure in 1965 based on the work Scientific concept of magnetic declination in Poland. From an early age, he was interested in gnomonics, and would reconstruct and create new sundials, as well as restore antique ones. He conducted research, published articles in scientific and popular scientific journals. His passion for gnomonics made him an outstanding specialist known and appreciated at home and in the world. He was a consultant and a sundial maker many times. He participated in symposia and scientific conferences at which he delivered papers enthusiastically received by participants. To this day his works can be sees and admired in many cities in Poland and abroad.
W obliczu zagrożenia. Próba powołania w 1950 r. interdyscyplinarnego Instytutu Badań nad Człowiekiem Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności
Authors: Skrzyński Tomasz 
Published: October 2020

Większość ze zgłoszonych w latach 1945–1950 oddolnych propozycji reform Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności (PAU) miała na celu dostosowanie Akademii do pogłębiającej się specjalizacji w świecie nauki. Omawiana w artykule, nieznana dotąd, inicjatywa filozofa Romana Ingardena miała charakter odmienny. Projektowany przez niego Instytut miał być ośrodkiem służącym stałej współpracy naukowej między uczonymi reprezentującymi nauki przyrodnicze i humanistyczne. Korzystając ze źródeł archiwalnych i publikacji, omówiono również okoliczności powstania tego pomysłu. Opisano także powody, dla których inicjatywa ta nie została wdrożona. Ingarden uważał, że badania prowadzone w ramach pracowni eksperymentalnych Instytutu powinny objąć podstawowe zagadnienia praktyczne, zarówno odnośnie do całych zbiorowości, jak i poszczególnych ludzi. Miały dotyczyć m.in. natury człowieka, jego roli na świecie, odrębności i pokrewieństwa w stosunku do innych istot żywych. Ingarden proponował także przetestowanie w ramach Instytutu nowych metod badań i wyszkolenie w ich stosowaniu licznych naukowców. W praktyce idea powołania Instytutu Nauk o Człowieku PAU była sprzeczna z ówczesną polityką władz państwowych. In the face of threat. The Attempt to appoint in 1950. interdisciplinary Institute of Human Research of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences Most of the proposals for reforms at the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, submitted in 1945–1950, concerned the adaptation of the Academy to further specialization in the world of science. Discussed in the article, the previously unknown, initiative of the eminent philosopher Roman Ingarden was of a different nature. The institute, he was designing, was to be the center of permanent scientific cooperation between scientists from natural and humanities sciences. Using the archive sources and publications, the circumstances of this idea creation were also discussed. The reasons why this initiative was not implemented were also described. Ingarden believed that research conducted as part of the Institute’s experimental labs should cover basic practical issues both for entire communities and individual people. They were to concern, i.a. the nature of man, his role in the world; separateness and kinship to other living beings. The philosopher also proposed testing new research methods at the Institute and training numerous scientists in their application. In practice, the idea of establishing the Institute of Human Sciences of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences was contrary to the policy of the state authorities at that time.
Spotkania Andrzeja Pelczara (1937–2010) z historią i filozofią nauki
Authors: Kokowski Michał 
Published: October 2020

Artykuł przedstawia postać Andrzeja Pelczara (1937–2010): jego rodowód genealogiczny, szkicową biografię naukową, listę pełnionych funkcji publicznych oraz dorobek z historii i filozofii nauki na tle dokonań krakowskiego środowiska matematycznego, a także uaktualnia informacje na temat stanu liczbowego krakowskiego środowiska matematycznego i matematycznej szkoły warszawskiej. Andrzej Pelczar’s (1937–2010) meetings with the history and philosophy of science The article presents the character of Andrzej Pelczar (1937–2010): his genealogical pedigree, sketchy scientific biography, list of performed public functions, achievements in the history and philosophy of science against the achievements of the Kraków mathematical environment, and also it updates the information on the numerical state of the Kraków mathematical environment and Warsaw mathematical school.
The Bose-Einstein statistics: Remarks on Debye, Natanson, and Ehrenfest contributions and the emergence of indistinguishability principle for quantum particles
Authors: Spałek Józef 
Published: October 2020

The principal mathematical idea behind the statistical properties of black-body radiation (photons) was introduced already by L. Boltzmann (1877/2015) and used by M. Planck (1900; 1906) to derive the frequency distribution of radiation (Planck’s law) when its discrete (quantum) structure was additionally added to the reasoning. The fundamental physical idea – the principle of indistinguishability of the quanta (photons) – had been somewhat hidden behind the formalism and evolved slowly. Here the role of P. Debye (1910), H. Kamerlingh Onnes and P. Ehrenfest (1914) is briefly elaborated and the crucial role of W. Natanson (1911a; 1911b; 1913) is emphasized. The reintroduction of this Natanson’s statistics by S. N. Bose (1924/2009) for light quanta (called photons since the late 1920s), and its subsequent generalization to material particles by A. Einstein (1924; 1925) is regarded as the most direct and transparent, but involves the concept of grand canonical ensemble of J. W. Gibbs (1902/1981), which in a way obscures the indistinguishability of the particles involved. It was ingeniously reintroduced by P. A. M. Dirac (1926) via postulating (imposing) the transposition symmetry onto the many-particle wave function. The above statements are discussed in this paper, including the recent idea of the author (Spałek 2020) of transformation (transmutation) – under specific conditions – of the indistinguishable particles into the corresponding to them distinguishable quantum particles. The last remark may serve as a form of the author’s post scriptum to the indistinguishability principle.
Sprawa „Wniosku o korektę punktacji czasopisma Studia Historiae Scientiarum z 20 punktów na 70 punktów”
Authors: Kokowski Michał 
Published: October 2020

Artykuł przedstawia fakty dotyczące nierozpatrzonego dotąd „Wniosku o korektę punktacji czasopisma Studia Historiae Scientiarum z 20 punktów na 70 punktów” (z 9 września 2019 i 15 stycznia 2020 r.) skierowanego do Komisji Ewaluacji Nauki MNiSW. Analizuje on publicznie dostępne informacje na temat obecności polskich czasopism z dyscyplin „historia”, „historia nauki” oraz „historia i filozofia nauki” w bazach indeksacyjnych lub biblioteach czasopism i ich wskaźników bibliometrycznych. Informacje te są porównane z przyznanymi punktami w ministerialnej ewaluacji czasopism z 2019 r. Ponieważ ministerialna punktacja nie ma związku z rzeczywistym dorobkiem czasopisma Komisji Historii Nauki PAU, podniesiono kwestię pilnej zmiany punktacji tego czasopisma. The case of the “Complaint calling for a correction of the score given to the journal Studia Historiae Scientiarum from 20 to 70 points” The article presents facts about the hitherto pending “Complaint calling for a correction of the score given to the journal Studia Historiae Scientiarum from 20 to 70 points” (of September 9, 2019 and of January 15, 2020) addressed to the Science Evaluation Commission of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Polish Government. It analyzes publicly available information on the presence of Polish journals on ‘history’, ‘history of science’ and ‘history and philosophy of science’ in indexation databases or journal libraries and their bibliometric indicators. This information is compared with the scoring awarded in the ministerial evaluation of journals in 2019. Since the ministerial scoring is not related to the actual achievements of the journal of the Commission on the History of Science, Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, urgent change in the scoring of this journal has been demanded.