bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of topically administered 0.05% difluprednate and 1% prednisolone acetate for inhibition of aqueocentesis-induced breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier in healthy dogs
Authors: Allbaugh Rachel A. , Wehrman Rita F. , Sebbag Lionel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To compare the efficacy of 0.05% difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion and 1% prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension for controlling aqueocentesis-induced breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier in healthy dogs.

ANIMALS
34 healthy dogs.

PROCEDURES
Dogs were allocated to 5 groups (6 to 8 dogs/group) to receive 0.05% difluprednate, 1% prednisolone acetate, or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control treatment) in both eyes 2 or 4 times daily. Eye drops were administered topically for 5 consecutive days. Anterior chamber paracentesis (aqueocentesis) was performed in 1 eye on the third day. Automated fluorophotometry was performed immediately before and 20 minutes and 24 and 48 hours after aqueocentesis. Relative fluorescence (RF), defined as fluorescence of the eye that had undergone aqueocentesis divided by fluorescence of the contralateral eye, was calculated to help control for variation among dogs.

RESULTS
Mean RF was significantly lower at 24 hours after aqueocentesis in dogs treated twice daily with 0.05% difluprednate or 4 times daily with 1% prednisolone acetate than in dogs receiving the control treatment. At 48 hours after aqueocentesis, mean RF was significantly lower in dogs treated 4 times daily with 1% prednisolone acetate than in control dogs. Mean RF differed over time in dogs treated 4 times daily with 0.05% difluprednate but did not differ over time for any of the other treatments.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
All 4 treatments were effective for reducing aqueocentesis-induced anterior uveitis in healthy dogs regardless of the drug or frequency of administration. Topical ophthalmic administration of 0.05% difluprednate may be a viable treatment option for dogs with anterior uveitis and warrants further study.
Competitiveness of Travel and Tourism in Selected Countries
Authors: Širá Elena , Pukała Ryszard 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Competitiveness of the country is a very important factor, especially in the area of tourism. Tourism is one of the most important and most rapidly growing economy sectors, which faces the challenges and possibilities of globalization. The travel and tourism sector is widely recognized as an important factor for the regional development. This enables the country to be successful in the world market and for tourists. To measure the competitiveness of travel and tourism, we used various indexes. One of them is the Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index, published by the World Economic Forum. The aim of this paper is to analyse the travel and tourism competitiveness in selected countries. According to their performance, we identified the best travel and tourism country. In addition, we focused on strengths and weaknesses of the analysed countries to improve their competitiveness position in the future.
Living in confronting or parallel strategic narratives? The reasons behind the missing security dialogue between Russia and the Baltic States
Authors: Veebel Viljar , Vihmand Liia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The current study discusses differences between Russia and the Baltic States in terms of their strategic narratives, as well as how they interpret key terms and concepts in the field of security. To frame the scope of the study, the strategic narrative of Russia for the Baltic countries and the Baltic strategic narrative(s) for Russia are compared and analysed. Both sides are also locked within the bigger framework of European Union’s economic sanctions against Russia and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) alliance’s deterrence concept. On the other hand, the Baltic States and Russia have a lot to gain from possible improvements in economic relations and reduction of regional security tensions.
Socioecological Profile of Active Adults. Sport as a Whole-life Choice
Authors: Biernat Elżbieta , Skrok Łukasz , Majcherek Dawid , Nałęcz Hanna 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Hitherto empirical research provides insight on particular dimensions or aspects thereof, but analyses that include diverse determinants of the physical activity are scarcer. The aim of the research was to examine the profile of adults who engage in sport activity, using a multi-layer, socio-ecological approach. Combined database: The Social Diagnosis 2015, The Statistics Poland 2014, and the Orliki 2012 was applied. The resulting sample consists of 8,361 adult respondents aged 25–70 years. Sport activity and sport clubs’ membership were measured as dependent variables. According to the Bronfenbrenner’s layered model number of outcome variables were described. While being consistent with fundamental facts known from the literature (e.g. significance of age, education, family, social networks and cultural aspects, the results point to a heterogeneity in determining sport activity. Firstly, women and men differ qualitatively – the set of characteristics important for sport activity is different. For example, while minor health issues seem to instigate activity of women, for men they are rather negatively related. Secondly, different factors are relevant for initiating the activity than for sustaining it. Furthermore, sport activity is rather positively related to other activities related to social life or to the life-long learning. This suggests that a substitution effect, in terms of time, is less important than the general tendency to be engaged in different aspects of life. Lastly, active membership of sports clubs is not only rare, but also qualitatively differs from sports activity in terms of socio-ecological profile of the participants. The obtained results emphasize the need to create and implement nuanced and varied policies to support increase in physical activity in modern societies. Traditional, ‘hard’ measures like providing physical (facilities) or organisational (sports clubs) infrastructure seem to have limited effectiveness.
Conflicting Authorities. The Byzantine Symphony and the Idea of Christian Empire in Russian Orthodox Thought at the Turn of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Mainardi Adalberto 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The ideal of Byzantine symphony is still present in contemporary debate on church-state relations. A worldly notion of power interferes with a theological assessment of authority in the Church: hence the identification of the Christian empire with the kingdom of God, in a kind of a realized eschatology. This paper undertakes the deconstruction of the notion of “byzantine symphony” through its interpretations by some Russian religious thinkers at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, when the whole of Russian society faced dramatic changes. The idea of Christian empire, represented by Constantine the Great, emerges as the foundation of the new orthodox Russian Empire (Tjutčev), contrasted to European civilization (Danilevskij, Leont’ev); but Constantine is also an apocalyptic figure (Bukharev), a political leader (Bolotov), a tyrant (Solov’ev) and the symbol of an entire epoch in Christian history that definitely came to an end (Bulgakov, Berdyaev).
Intermarriage in the Canonical Tradition of the Orthodox Church
Authors: Perșa Răzvan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
My research tries to re-examine the issue of mixed marriage from the point of view of the Orthodox Canonical Tradition in the broader context of marital and baptismal theology, through an extensive interpretation of the canons of the Orthodox Church regarding intermarriage according to the historical, social, legal, doctrinal, and canonical context of the promulgation of those canons. The interpretation of the canons regarding mixed marriage will try to emphasize the definition of heretical groups in accordance with the baptismal theology and with the manner of reception of heretics into the Orthodox Church that was developed by every Council. In accordance with the Canons of the Council of Laodicea and of the Fourth Ecumenical Council, I will demonstrate that the Church did not stipulate any immediate conversion of the non-Orthodox spouse and the marriage was not grounded on immediate baptism, but on the willingness of the heterodox person to promise and accept Orthodox teachings for a future baptism. In accordance with the interpretation of Canon 72 of the Council of Trullo, I will emphasize that the canonical prohibition of mixed marriage is not a doctrinal one, otherwise the canon would reject any cohabitation between Orthodox and non-Orthodox, but rather it is a pastoral, canonical and disciplinary measurement in order to suppress the spread of heretical doctrines and teachings.
Interconfessional (Mixed) Marriage: The Theological Dimension of the “Person” and Pastoral Care in the History of the Holy and Great Council of Crete and Related Documents
Authors: Crișan Alexandru-Marius 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In the last century, under the influence of the theological personalism (theology of the Person), the Orthodox Church felt the need of a universal and uniform approach to different pastoral questions. Among those we find also the question of inter-confessional (mixed) marriage. This question was approached during the preparation of the Holy and Great Council of Crete. In 2016 the Great Council of the Orthodox Church, finally convened, specified and confessed that inter-confessional marriages are forbidden according to the traditional canon-law (akriveia), but the salvation of the person must be kept in mind and permission could be given in the spirit of pastoral discernment (oikonomia). The history of the Council shows the struggle for finding a balance between canon law and pastoral care, regarding many pastoral issues nowadays, including inter-confessional marriage.
Mixed-Marriages in the Liturgical Catholic Church Tradition
Authors: Di Donna Gianandrea 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The question of inter-confessional marriages concerns all the Churches and has become much more urgent because of the great mobility of contemporary man. The Christian wedding is seen as a sacrament of Christ by the Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church, while the Churches born from the Protestant Reformation do not take this sacramental view, although Luther considers the divine blessing on the institution useful. The advantage of a sacramental perspective lies in the fact that the spouses, by virtue of the sacrament of marriage, become capable of “being married” according to the quality of Christ’s paschal love for his Church. In this way, according to the author, other theological perspectives open up, for example the sequela Christi, the idea of the vocation to Christian marriage, the foundation of the bond of indissolubility-fidelity and the foundation of sexual union-fruitfulness.
Human Resources Practices in the Romanian Banking System: Rewards, Job Satisfaction, and Job Performance
Authors: Tănăsescu Carmen-Elena , Leon Ramona-Diana 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This research aims to analyze the relationships established among rewards, job satisfaction and job performance in the Romanian banking system. In order to achieve this goal, a single-case study is used as a research strategy and a survey-based on a questionnaire is developed among the 60 employees the BCR-BpL branch from Bucharest, Sector 3. The relationships established among rewards, job satisfaction, and job performance are tested using Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modelling. The results prove that: (i) rewards have a positive influence on job satisfaction; (ii) the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance is not statistically significant; and (iii) the relationship between rewards and job performance is not statistically significant. These findings have both theoretical and practical implications. On the one hand, they extend the theory from the human resources management field by analyzing the relationships established among rewards, job satisfaction, and job performance, within the Romanian banking system. On the other hand, they help managers understand the importance of using rewards as a strategic organizational tool, capable to increase employees’ satisfaction.
Pengembangan Buku Pedoman Rekrutmen Tenaga Pendidik Pos PAUD Terpadu
Authors: Herayani Piki 
Published: February 2020

Kualitas tenaga pendidik PAUD sebagai Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) dalam pendidikan menjadi salah satu faktor kualitas pengembangan system pengelolaan Pos PAUD Terpadu. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan rekrutmen atau Manajemen SDM (MSDM) guna mendukung terselenggaranya PAUD secara efektif dan efisien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan proses pengembangan, kualitas atau kelayakan dan keefektifan produk buku pedoman rekrutmen tenaga pendidik Pos PAUD Terpadu sebagai salah satu garda depan pendidikan dalam meningkatkan professional pendidik dan tenaga pendidik PAUD. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian pengembangan atau (research and development), menggunakan model pengembangan Thiagarajan, dkk yang dikenal dengan istilah 4D models, yaitu 1) pendefinisian; 2) perancangan; 3) pengembangan; dan 4) penyebaran. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi, dokumentasi dan kuisioner sedangkan teknik analisis datanya menggunakan analisis deskritif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Teknik pengukuran data menggunakan skala linkert. Uji coba keefektifan menggunakan desain before-after untuk pengujian perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan uji signikansi dengan menggunakan uji-T test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) proses pengembangan buku pedoman rekrutmen tenaga pendidik PAUD, melalui 3 tahap define, design, develop; 2) kualitas atau kelayakan diperoleh dari hasil validasi skor MSDM sebesar 161 dengan presentase 98%, hasil validasi skor PAUD sebesar 53 dengan presentase 96%, hasil validasi skor bahasa sebesar 63 dengan presentase 97%; 3) hasil keefektifan uji coba produk buku pedoman rekrutmen tenaga pendidik di PAUD menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan buku pedoman mempengaruhi efektifitas nilai signifikansinya sebesar 0,00 yang artinya nilai tersebut < 0,05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan buku pedoman dinyatakan efektif untuk digunakan.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN METODE PENEMUAN TERBIMBING DALAM UPAYA REMEDIASI MISKONSEPSI MATERI LISTRIK DINAMIS
Authors: Thohir M. Anas , Wasis Wasis , WW Sugimin 
Published: February 2020

This research is focused to remediate students’s misconceptions to dynamic electrical materials. Remediation activities are performed by improving critical thinking skills through guided discovery learning method. This research through two stages, namely the stage of development of learning instrument that using the design of 4-D models Thiagarajan (1974) continued with the implementation of the 35 students on Physics Education 2011 class A at State University of Surabaya by one group pretest-posttest design. The results of data analysis showed that the devices in good category, assement of the implementation of guided discovery learning method derived from observer with good category. Implementation of guided discovery methods of learning dynamicelectric materials can improve critical thinking skills of the students. Profiles initial misconceptions are found in each of the concepts before learning and decreased after remediation. The result is closely linked to increased student thinking skills. Based on data analysis, it can be concluded that learning instrument was developed to enhance the learning of critical thinking skills in an effort to remediate student’s misconceptions dynamical electric material, but the result of correlation analysis between improving critical skill with remediation of misconceptions is not significant. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meremediasi miskonsepsi mahasiswa materi listrik dinamis. Kegiatan remediasi dilakukan dengan meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis melalui pembelajaran metode penemuan terbimbing. Penelitian ini melalui dua tahap, yaitu tahap pengembangan perangkat mengikuti rancangan 4-D model Thiagarajan (1974) dilanjutkan dengan implementasi perangkat pada 35 mahasiswa Pendidikan Fisika 2011 kelas A di Universitas Negeri Surabaya dengan desain One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptis dan kuantitatif. Data hasil penelitian menunjukkan penilaian perangkat dalam kategori baik, keterlaksanaan pembelajaran metode penemuan terbimbing diperoleh dari penilaian pengamat mendapatkan nilai rata-rata keterlaksanaan 3,6 dengan katagori sangat baik. Implementasi pembelajaran metode penemuan terbimbing materi listrik dinamis dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis mahasiswa. Profil miskonsepsi awal ditemukan pada setiap konsep sebelum pembelajaran dan menurun setelah remediasi. Penemuan tersebut tidak terlepas dari meningkatnya keterampilan berpikir mahasiswa. Berdasakan hasil analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dalam upaya remediasi miskonsepsi mahasiswa materi listrik dinamis, namun hasil analisis pengaruh peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kritis terhadap remediasi miskonsepsi tidak signifikan.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN PENEMUAN TERBIMBING (GUIDED DISCOVERY LEARNING)UNTUK MELATIH KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP PADA SISWA SMP
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Widodo Wahono , Prabowo Prabowo 
Published: February 2020

This research focuses to produce learning material of science lesson for Junior High School at the eighth grade in the topic of mirror using guided discovery learning method. This research consists of three steps with design one group pretest-posttest. Analyze data by using descriptive analyze N-Gain, T-Test, and ANOVAs one way. The results of this research are learning material of lesson what have been developed, generally, in the good category. Implementation of lesson plan is good. More student activities are making hypothesis, writing identification of variables and doing experiment to each group are 9.9%, 9.8%, and 9.8%. The result of research showed that average N-Gains for each indicator of critical thinking skill are middle category. That is cleared of inferential analyzes t-Test what showed that there is significant differences between pretest and posttests on the result of critical thinking skill tests and tests of lesson, include of analyze by ANOVAs one way.. The other results are that based on analyzes of maximum criteria completeness (KKM), guided discovery learning method gives influence of result student cognitive test for three groups which is complete. The response of students to instruction with guided discovery learning method is good. Based on the result of research, conclusion of this research is the instruction of physics or science by using guided discovery learning can develop critical thinking skill and complete results of student cognitive lesson. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran IPA fisika siswa SMP kelas VIII pada sub materi cermin dengan metode (guided discovery). Penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 tahap dengan rancangan menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design. Analisis data dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif N-Gain, T-Test, dan Anava Satu Jalur. Temuan dari hasil penelitian ini yaitu perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan secara umum berkategori baik. Keterlaksanaan RPP berkategori baik. Aktivitas siswa yang dominan adalah membuat hipotesis, menuliskan identifikasi variabel-variabel percobaan dan melakukan percobaan untuk setiap kelompok berturut-turut adalah 9.9 %, 9.8%, dan 9.8%. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa Ngain rata-rata keterampilan berpikir kritis berada pada kategori sedang. Temuan lain bahwa berdasarkan tinjauan KKM, metode pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing juga memberikan pengaruh pada penguasaan konsep siswa untuk ketiga kelompok berada pada kategori tuntas. Respon siswa terhadap pembelajaran dengan metode guided discovery dinilai baik. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran IPA fisika dengan metode guided discovery dapat melatih keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa SMP serta mampu menuntaskan penguasaan konsep kognitif siswa.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PEMAKNAAN PADA MATERI TITRASI ASAM BASA UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KARAKTER Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Pemaknaan Pada Materi Titrasi Asam Basa Untuk Mengembangkan Karakter Siswa Kelas XI SMA SISWA KELAS XI SMA
Authors: Sumarni Sumarni , Tukiran Tukiran , Yuanita Leny 
Published: February 2020

The research purposed to know the implementation result of the learning model of pemaknaan on the topic of acid base titration could be used to develop on the eleventh grade students’ character of SMAN 1 Krian. In the research, it was used pre-experimental research by the replication of three times using the design of one group pretest and posttest design. This reseach used the data analysis of qualitative descriptive to apply on lesson plan (RPP). The learning outcome of students’ character was analized by qualitative descriptive and would be continued by Mann-Whitney test for it’s replication. The results were reported that: (1) The lesson plan (RPP) was made based on syntax of the learning model of pemaknaan was conducted very well, (2) The implementation of this model could develop the students’ character. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil penerapan model pembelajaran pemaknaan pada materi titrasi asam basa terhadap perkembangan karakter siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Krian. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-eksperimen replikasi tiga kali melalui One Group Pretest and Posttest Design. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif untuk keterlaksanaan RPP. Hasil belajar karakter siswa dianalisis dengan deskriptif kualitatif yang dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney untuk antar hasil replikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan RPP yang disusun sesuai sintaks model pembelajaran pemaknaan berjalan dengan sangat baik, penerapan model pembelajaran pemaknaan dapat mengembangkan karakter siswa.