bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimum acceptable diet and stunting among children aged 6-23 months in Dalit and Non-Dalit and associated factors: A cross-sectional comparative study of Dhanusha district, Nepal
Authors: Sah Anil Kumar , Paudel Rajan , Devkota Madhu Dixit , Sigdel Ramesh , Pandey Ashok 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The complementary feeding practices contributes for development and survival of infant and young child, it reduces the risk of under-nutrition. The aim of the study assessed the status and identify factors associated with minimum acceptable diet and stunting among children aged 6-23 months in Dalit and Non-Dalit.Methods The study method adopted cross-sectional comparative and conducted among mothers with their children aged 6-23 months children of Dhanusha district. Altogether 599 respondents were taken of which 299 were from Dalit and 300 from Non-Dalit and used multistage simple random sampling. Data collection techniques applied for interview and anthropometry measurement and structure questionnaire was practiced as a tool. Descriptive and inferential analyses were carried out by using Statistical Package for the Social Science.Results The prevalence of minimum acceptable diet (MAD) and stunting were 43.8% and 49.9% among Dalit while 44.3%, and 39% among Non-Dalit. The MAD were significantly associated with the age of child (AOR=0.25, 95 CI: 0.11-0.54), child illness in the past two weeks (AOR=4.31, 95% CI: 1.56-11.88) and knowledge on child feeding (AOR=0.31, 95% CI: 0.16-0.61) among Dalit while age of child (AOR=0.37, 95 CI: 0.21-0.64), child illness in the past two weeks (AOR=4.80, 95% CI: 2.23-10.32,knowledge on child feeding (AOR=0.26, 95% CI: 0.16-0.42) and birth interval (AOR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.56-3.19) among Non-Dalit. Stunting was significantly associated with family types (AOR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.11-3.34) among Dalit while Ante Natal Care (ANC) visit (AOR=3.20, 95% CI: 1.15-8.90), media exposure (AOR=3.10, 95% CI: 1.11-8.64 and age of child (AOR=0.24, 95% CI: 0.10-0.57) in Non-Dalit.Conclusion The proportion of minimum acceptable diet practices got similar in both groups. Being key associated factors of MAD practices, age of child, child illness and knowledge on child feeding existed in Dalit and Non-Dalit, while birth interval also among Non-Dalit. Similarly, family type provided an important factor of stunting in Dalit while age of child, ANC visit and media exposure among Non-Dalit. To improve the nutritional status among children, community based maternal nutrition education, access and utilization of health services should be recommended.
Effects of prescription drug diversion, misuse and abuse on the health system in eThekwini District, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Key stakeholders’ perceptions
Authors: Chibi Buyisile , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Prescription drug diversion, misuse and abuse is a growing health threat negatively impacting the health care system and individuals globally. Most research has been conducted in high-income-countries. Little is known about prescription drug diversion, misuse and abuse to support anecdotal reports in resource-limited settings. Purpose: The main objective of this study is to determine prescription drug diversion, misuse and abuse practices in eThekwini district from the perspective of the health care providers, law enforcement, pharmacists, drug users and people living with HIV. Methods: Semi-structured in-depth-interviews were conducted between June-December 2018 among key stakeholders who were purposively sampled in eThekwini district. Thematic analysis was used to identify emergent themes around practices of prescription drug diversion, misuse and abuse. Results: Five main themes emerged during the interviews: manifestation of drug diversion; consumer’s attitude and behaviour; availability of medicines; gaps in the health care system; and lastly challenges and barriers to drug abuse treatment. Accidental addiction, health system gaps and consumer’s attitude and behaviours were perceived as significant contributing factors to the problem therefore negatively impacting health care providers and consumers. Conclusion: The study highlights the emerging practices of prescription drug diversion, misuse and abuse as a serious growing problem occurring through legal and illegal channels to anyone since the addictive medicines are readily available and easily accessible. We recommend a collaborative approach to address prescription drug diversion since the prescriber, dispenser, consumer and law enforcement are involved in the cycle to drug usage.
Systematic review of therapeutic outcomes of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and their predictors in adults receiving integrated treatment of tuberculosis and Human Immuno-deficiency Virus in low and middle-income countries: a study protocol
Authors: Kadia Benjamin Momo , Aroke Desmond , Njefi Kevin Pene , Noutakdie Yves Joel Tochie , Tianyi Frank-Leonel , Kadia Reine Suzanne , Dimala Christian Akem 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Programs that integrated tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) treatment aim to provide efficient treatment services and maximize successful treatment outcomes through the delivery of both TB and HIV treatment by one provider at the same time and location. However, multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is more difficult to treat as compared to drug-sensitive TB, and in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), the potential of programs integrating TB/HIV treatment to sustain favourable MDR-TB treatment outcomes is poorly elucidated. The objective of this review is to perform a systematic collection, critical appraisal and synthesis of existing evidence on therapeutic outcomes of MDR-TB and their predictors among adults receiving integrated treatment for TB/HIV in LMICs.Methods: A systematic review of evidence from published observational and interventional studies will be performed. The evidence will be obtained by searching Medline, Embase, and Global Health electronic databases with date limits being March 2004 and December 2019. Two investigators will independently screen the search output, review the eligible studies, and assess the quality of the eligible studies using appropriate quality assessment tools. Analysis and synthesis of data on TB treatment outcomes will be performed using random-effects meta-analysis on STATA-15 software. Data on predictors of TB treatment outcomes will be analysed using thematic analysis and synthesised using a descriptive approach and where appropriate, random-effects meta-analysis will be performed to obtain pooled effect sizes. The confidence in cumulative quantitative and qualitative evidence will be assessed using the appropriate versions of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. The final review will be reported following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting System for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis, presented at scientific conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal.Discussion: This study is expected to highlight the quality of integrated TB/HIV treatment programs and their potential to uphold successful MDR-TB treatment outcomes. Furthermore, the review will indicate patient-related and healthcare-related factors that should be addressed to improve on survival of patients with MDR-TB/HIV co-infection in LMICs.Systematic review registration: This review has been submitted for registration with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO)
Functional characterization of a soybean small heat shock protein involved in the resistance response to Meloidogyne javanica
Authors: Hishinuma-Silva Suellen Mika , Lopes-Caitar Valéria Stefania , Nomura Rafael Bruno Guayato , Sercero Bruna Caroline , Silva Aline Garcia da , Carvalho Mayra Costa da Cruz Gallo de , Lopes Ivani de Oliveira Negrão , Dias Waldir Pereira , Marcelino-Guimaraes Francismar Corrêa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) belong to the class of molecular chaperones that respond to biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Previous studies have identified strong induction of the GmHsp22.4 gene in response to Meloidogyne javanica nematode in resistant soybean genotypes compared to susceptible one. This study aimed to investigate the functional involvement of this small chaperone in response to M. javanica. First, it was evaluated the activation of the promoter region by nematode’s infection and the occurrence of polymorphisms between resistant and susceptible resequenced soybean accessions in the gene coding and promoter regions. Then functional analysis using Arabidopsis thaliana lines overexpressing the soybean GmHsp22.4 gene, and knocked out mutants were challenged to M. javanica’s infection.Results: High expression levels of the GFP gene marker in transformed A. thaliana plants revealed that the promoter region of GmHsp22.4 was strongly activated after nematode infection. However, structural analysis of the soybean resistant and susceptible genotypes did not detect any polymorphisms in the whole gene model, including the 2.0 kb promoter region. Moreover, the reproduction of the nematode was significantly reduced in plants overexpressing GmHsp22.4 gene in A. thaliana compared to the wild type. Additionally, the reproduction of M. javanica in the A. thaliana mutants was significantly increased and was related with the structural organization of heat shock cis element (HSE) in the promoter.Conclusions: The soybean chaperone GmHsp22.4 is involved in the defense response to root-knot nematode M. javanica’s infection in A. thaliana. The HSE in the promoter region close to the transcriptional start site (TSS) are important to GmHsp22.4 promoter activation after nematode infection. It was not possible to detect any polymorphisms occurrence in GmHsp22.4 gene between the M. javanica-resistant and susceptible soybean genotypes, so the resistance mechanism might not be related with the transcriptional regulation in the initiation process or based on sequence level on the TSS.
Treatment outcomes of patients with tuberculosis in war affected region of Khyber Paktunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: AHMAD TAUSEEF , Jadoon Muhammad Ayub , Khan Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Mumtaz , Hussain Akbar , Musa Taha Hussain , Waqar Muhammad , Ejeta Eyasu , Karami Manoochehr , Alene Kefyalew Addis , Jin Hui , Haroon  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Globally, tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious disease. TB treatment outcome is an indicator for the effectiveness of a national TB control program. This study aimed to assess treatment outcomes of TB patients and its determinants in Batkhela, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was designed using all TB patients who were enrolled at District Head Quarter (DHQ) Hospital Batkhela, Pakistan, from January 2011 to December 2014. A multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with successful TB treatment outcomes defined as the sum of cure and completed treatment.
Results: A total of 515 TB patients were registered, of which 237 (46%) were males and 278 (53.98%) females. Of all patients, 234 (45.44%) were cured and 210 (40.77%) completed treatment. The overall treatment success rate was 444 (86.21%). Age 0-20 years (adjusted odds ratio, AOR= 3.47; 95% confidence interval, CI)= 1.54-7.81; P= 0.003), smear-positive pulmonary TB (AOR)= 3.58; 95% CI= 1.89-6.78; P= <0.001), treatment category (AOR= 4.71; 95% CI= 1.17-18.97; P= 0.029), and year of enrollment 2012 (AOR= 6.26; 95% CI= 2.52-15.59; P= <0.001) were significantly associated with successful treatment outcome.
Conclusions: The overall treatment success rate is satisfactory but still need to be improved to achieve the international targeted treatment outcome. Type of TB, age, treatment category, and year of enrollment were significantly associated with successful treatment outcomes.
Оценка риска развития профессионального эмоционального выгорания школьных педагогов с разным профилем деятельности
Authors: Бартош Татьяна П. , Бартош Ольга П. , Мычко Марина В. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The relevancy of the study is attributed to the increase of professional and social requirements for teachers work in the course of school education reforming, which is accompanied, undoubtedly, by their high emotional tension. In this study, we aimed to assess the risk of professional emotional burnout in school teachers with different activity profiles. It is the first time that the authors make a comparative study of phase development and pronounced burnout symptoms in primary school teachers, subject teachers and school authorities. Analysis of correlation relationships between age, teaching experience, neuropsychic adaptation performance and emotional burnout in school teachers with different activity profiles is carried out.
Methods. The study included 145 teachers at the age of 24–68 years old from 6 Magadan schools. In the course of the study, the teachers were divided into three groups taking into account teachers’ activity profile. Emotional burnout indices were measured using questionnaire “Diagnostics of Emotional Burnout Level” by V. V. Boyko. To determine the level of neuropsychic adaptation, the questionnaire by I. N. Gurvich was used.
Results and Discussion. Stage formation and evidence of burnout symptoms in school teachers with different activity profiles are studied in comparative aspect. Correlation relationships between age, teaching experience and emotional burnout in school teachers with different activity profiles are found out. The level of teachers’ neuropsychic adaptation is studied. Correlation relationships between neuropsychic adaptation and emotional burnout in school teachers with different activity profiles are found out. It is shown that the development of emotional burnout syndrome in school teachers takes place against the background of neuropsychic adaptation disorder and neuroticizm formation.
Ampelopsin Improves Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease and Effects of Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress in the Hippocampus
Authors: Wang Yan , Lv Wei , Li Yueyang , Liu Dandan , He Xiuting , Liu Ting 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress have significant effects on cognitive
deficiency in the pathophysiological development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In the present study,
we studied the influences of Ampelopsin (AMP) on proinflammatory cytokines (PICs, IL-1β, IL-6 and
TNF-α), and products of oxidative stress 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso PGF2α, a product of oxidative
stress); and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, a key biomarker of protein oxidation) in the hippocampus
using a rat model of AD.

Methods:
ELISA was used to examine PICs and oxidative stress production; and western blotting to
examine NADPH oxidase (NOXs). The Spatial working memory tests and Morris water maze were
utilized to assess cognitive functions.

Results:
We observed amplification of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α as well as 8-iso PGF2α and 8-OHdG in
the hippocampus of AD rats. AMP attenuated upregulation of PICs and oxidative stress production.
AMP also inhibited NOX4 in the AD rat hippocampus. Notably, AMP mostly improved learning performance
in AD rat and this was linked to signal pathways of PIC and oxidative stress.

Conclusion:
AMP plays a significant role in improving the memory deficiency in AD rats via inhibition
of signal pathways of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, suggesting that AMP is likely to
prospect in preventing and relieving development of the cognitive dysfunctions in AD as a complementary
alternative intervention.
A Novel Approach to Discover Ontology Alignment
Authors: Patel Archana , Jain Sarika 
Published: December 2019

Background:
The rise of knowledge-rich applications has made ontologies as a common
reference point to link the legacy IT systems. The interoperability and integration of two disparate
systems in the same domain demand for the resolution of the heterogeneity problem. The major
source of heterogeneity lies in the classical representation scheme of ontologies.

Objective:
Our objective is to present a novel approach to discover ontology alignment by exploiting
the comprehensive knowledge structure, where every entity is represented and stored as a
knowledge unit.

Methods:
We have created the dataset ourselves by using protégé tool because no dataset is available
based on the idea of comprehensive knowledge structure.

Results:
The proposed approach always detects correct alignments and achieves optimal or near to
optimal performance (in term of precision) in case of equivalence relationship.

Conclusion:
The aim of this paper is not to make a full-fledged matching/alignment tool, but to emphasize
the importance of distinctive features of an entity while performing entity matching. The
matchers are therefore used as black boxes and may be filled based on user’s choice.
Pengembangan model blended learning dengan pendekatan cooperative mata kuliah ilmu lingkungan
Authors: Rizki Galuh Alif Fahmi , Daniamiseno Abdul Gafur 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) membuat model blended learning dengan pendekatan cooperative (2) mengetahui kualitas model blended learning dengan pendekatan cooperative (3) mengetahui keefektifan model model blended learning dengan pendekatan cooperative pada mata kuliah Ilmu Lingkungan. Penelitian pengembangan ini mengadaptasi tahapan dan langkah pengembangan dari model Desain and Development Research (DDR). Tahap penelitian ini dilaksanakan melalui tahap identifikasi masalah, mendeskripsikan tujuan, desain dan pengembangan produk, tes dan evaluasi model, dan penyampaian hasil tes. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) model pembelajaran dikembangkan berdasarkan komponen blended learning dan prinsip kooperatif menggunakan e-learning MOODLE. (2) Hasil penilaian ahli desain model pembelajaran, ahli materi pelajaran, dan tanggapan mahasiswa masuk dalam kategori kualitas sangat baik, dan ahli media e-learning masuk dalam kategori kualitas baik. (3) Model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan memiliki efektivitas pembelajaran berdasarkan perbedaan rerata nila pra tes dan pos tes dalam kelas uji coba dengan perbandingan nilai gain hasil belajar menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan.Kata kunci: Model pembelajaran, blended learning, kooperatif, ilmu lingkungan Developing blended learning model with cooperative approach on environmental scienceAbstractThis research study aims to produce: (1) producing blended learning model with cooperative approach, (2) know the quality of blended learning model with cooperative approach, (3) know the effectiveness of blended learning model with cooperative approach in Environmental Science course. This development research adapted the stages and developmental steps of the Design and Development Research (DDR) model. This research stage was carried out through the stage of problem identification, describing the purpose, design and product development, test and evaluation model, and the delivery of test results. The results showed that (1) learning model was developed based on blended learning component and cooperative principle using e-learning MOODLE. (2) The results of the expert design assessment of learning model, subject matter experts, and students response fell into the category of excellent quality, and e-learning media experts fell into the category of good quality. (3) The effective learning model developed in the learning based on the difference of mean of pre test and test post in the trial class with the comparison of gain value of learning result showed significant difference.Keywords: Learning model, blended learning, cooperative, environmental science
Primary school pre-service teachers’ technology self-efficacy in creating e-learning content using CourseLab 2.4
Authors: Setyawan Theresia Yunia 
Published: December 2019

This was descriptive research aiming at providing a general description of primary school pre-service teachers’ technology self-efficacy in creating e-learning content using CourseLab 2.4. The main instrument of this research was a self-report questionnaire consisting of both scaled and free-response items. The questionnaire was distributed to 46 sophomores of Primary School Teacher Education Program of Sanata Dharma University taking Media Pembelajaran Berbasis ICT (MPB ICT) course as one of their compulsory courses. The analysis of the data gathered from the questionnaire responses showed that 58.7% of the primary school pre-service teachers of Sanata Dharma University had ‘average’ technology self-efficacy in creating e-learning content using CourseLab 2.4 while only 41.3% having ‘high’ self-efficacy in using the same software. The average technology self-efficacy was attributed to their unfamiliarity to the authoring software and their limited experience in course content development as well as in coding in general. The student teachers, however, credited the software for providing them with tools and machinery to create their own tests or quizzes for any learning materials they had previously created.Keywords: Pre-service teachers, primary school, self-efficacy, CourseLab 2.4