bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing environmental DNA metabarcoding and underwater visual census to monitor tropical reef fishes
Authors: Polanco Fernández Andrea , Marques Virginie , Fopp Fabian , Juhel Jean‐Baptiste , Borrero‐Pérez Giomar Helena , Cheutin Marie‐Charlotte , Dejean Tony , González Corredor Juan David , Acosta‐Chaparro Andrés , Hocdé Régis , Eme David , Maire Eva , Spescha Manuel , Valentini Alice , Manel Stéphanie , Mouillot David , Albouy Camille , Pellissier Loïc 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a revolutionary method to monitor marine biodiversity from animal DNA traces. Examining the capacity of eDNA to provide accurate biodiversity measures in species‐rich ecosystems such as coral reefs is a prerequisite for their application in long‐term monitoring. Here, we surveyed two Colombian tropical marine reefs, the island of Providencia and Gayraca Bay near Santa Marta, using eDNA and underwater visual census (UVC) methods. We collected a large quantity of surface water (30 L per filter) above the reefs and applied a metabarcoding protocol using three different primer sets targeting the 12S mitochondrial DNA, which are specific to the vertebrates Actinopterygii and Elasmobranchii. By assigning eDNA sequences to species using a public reference database, we detected the presence of 107 and 85 fish species, 106 and 92 genera, and 73 and 57 families in Providencia and Gayraca Bay, respectively. Of the species identified using eDNA, 32.7% (Providencia) and 18.8% (Gayraca) were also found in the UVCs. We further found congruence in genus and species richness and abundance between eDNA and UVC approaches in Providencia but not in Gayraca Bay. Mismatches between eDNA and UVC had a phylogenetic and ecological signal, with eDNA detecting a broader phylogenetic diversity and more effectively detecting smaller species, pelagic species and those in deeper habitats. Altogether, eDNA can be used for fast and broad biodiversity surveys and is applicable to species‐rich ecosystems in the tropics, but improved coverage of the reference database is required before this new method could serve as an effective complement to traditional census methods.
Extent of salvage neck dissection following chemoradiation for locally advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: Okano Wataru , Hayashi Ryuichi , Matsuura Kazuto , Shinozaki Takeshi , Tomioka Toshifumi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundSalvage neck dissection (ND) is the only treatment modality for persistent or recurrent nodal disease after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for locally advanced head and neck cancer. However, the optimal extent of ND at salvage surgery after definitive CRT is controversial.MethodsOur salvage ND procedure is targeted extirpation of nodal disease with resection of only involved areas of nonlymphatic structures. A retrospective analysis of the data indicated a total of 28 targeted NDs performed in 28 patients following definitive CRT. The efficacy of targeted ND was evaluated based on survival rate, regional control rate, complications, and shoulder syndromes.ResultsOver a median follow‐up period of 30 months, cervical disease recurred in 7 patients but did not lead to death, and 2 patients died of pulmonary metastasis. The 3‐year disease‐specific survival rate was 66%.ConclusionThe targeted ND procedure was effective as an intervention for patients with cervical disease recurrence (149/150).
The Toxic Effects of Glyphosate, Chlorpyrifos, Abamectin, and 2,4-D on Animal Models: A Systematic Review of Brazilian Studies
Authors: Disner Geonildo Rodrigo , Falcão Maria Alice Pimentel , Andrade-Barros Aline Ingrid , Leite dos Santos Natalia Vitorino , Soares Amanda Beatriz Silva , Marcolino-Souza Milena , Gomes Kamila Sousa , Lima Carla , Lopes-Ferreira Monica 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Brazil is a global agricultural commodity producer and the largest consumer of pesticides. Pesticide use in Brazil comprised 549 280 tons in 2018. In the country, soybean, corn, and sugar cane are extensively produced, which are the most pesticides demanding crops. In the last years, the records of new pesticides were the highest in the historical series. They can persist in soil or water, accumulate in organisms, and contaminate workers and the general population through the air, water, or food. This review aimed to gather toxicological data obtained by animal models exposed to 4 pesticides: glyphosate, chlorpyrifos, abamectin, and 2,4-D. An additional goal was to compose an overview of how this subject has been approached, surveying which research groups are working on this field, where they are located, and relations with pesticides used in those regions. We collected the papers from the platforms PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and Web of Science, performed in Brazil from 2014 to 2019. After two-step blind selection using the software Rayyan QCRI by different authors, 67 studies were selected to extract data. We observed that research is more concentrated in the South region, followed by the Southeast and Midwest, with 43%, 32%, and 23% of the studies, respectively. The prevalent institutions are from the states of Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo, and Goiás. The effects on a variety of biomarkers help predict the potential risks to humans and nontarget organisms. The prevalent animal model was fish (36%). Overall, the main toxic effects evaluated were mortality, abnormalities in the blood cells, developmental abnormalities, and behavior alterations. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:507–520. © 2020 SETAC
KEY POINTS
Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo, and Goiás are the Brazilian states with the higher frequency of researchers assessing pesticides toxicity. Glyphosate and 2,4-D are the top-selling pesticides in Brazil. Fish were the predominantly animal model used in pesticides studies in Brazil, within the last 5 y. The main effects observed for glyphosate, chlorpyrifos, 2,4-D, and abamectin were: biochemical changes, behavior changes, blood abnormalities, and mortality, respectively.
Inside Cover
Authors: Li Dong‐Yu , Zheng Zheng , Yu Ting‐Ting , Tang Ben‐Zhong , Fei Peng , Qian Jun , Zhu Dan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOptical clearing skull window is a novel technique compared to the traditional surgery based cranial window, which could reduce the scattering of skull and make it transparent to visible light. Here, the NIR‐II optimized skull clearing window was established. In the application of NIR‐II excited THG microscopy, the imaging depth was more than 3 times as it without optical clearing, and close to it with the open‐skull window. In addition, the established skull optical clearing window promises to realize NIR‐II laser induced targeted injury of cortical singlevessel.Further details can be found in the article by Dong‐Yu Li, Zheng Zheng, Ting‐Ting Yu, Ben‐Zhong Tang, Peng Fei, Jun Qian, Dan Zhu (e202000142).image
Inside Cover
Authors: Chang Hsiao‐Huang , Chen Yi‐Chih , Huang Chun‐Jung , Kuo Chia‐Cheng , Wang Yi‐Min , Sun Chia‐Wei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNear‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been proposed as a noninvasive modality for detecting complications in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and it can simultaneously reveal the global circulatory status of thesepatients. We monitor the real‐time changes of oxygenation in peripheral tissues to demonstrate the feasibility of NIRS for optimizing ECMO therapy.Further details can be found in the article by Hsiao‐Huang Chang, Yi‐Chih Chen, Chun‐Jung Huang, Chia‐Cheng Kuo, Yi‐Min Wang, and Chia‐Wei Sun (e202000116).image
Exogenous 24‐epibrassinolide activates detoxification enzymes to promote degradation of boscalid in cherry tomatoes
Authors: Yang Yajie , Mao Linchun , Guan Weiliang , Wei Xiaobo , Shao Yelin , Luo Zisheng , Lin Xingyu , Li Li 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDBoscalid is often used to extend the storage time of postharvest cherry tomato. Pesticide residue has become an issue of food safety. This study sought to investigate the spatial distribution of boscalid residue in cherry tomato fruits and to determine the effect of 24‐epibrassinolide (EBR) in promoting boscalid degradation.RESULTSBoscalid could quickly penetrate into cherry tomatoes, but mainly remained in the peel. The migration of boscalid from the peel into the core was a time‐consuming and complex process during storage. After 72 h, boscalid residues in the pulp and the core began to accumulate gradually. The exogenous application of EBR activated peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S‐transferase, and effectively promoted the degradation of boscalid by a maximum decrease of 44.8% in peel, 54.0% in pulp and 71.2% in core.CONCLUSIONAs one of the common pesticides, boscalid had a strong ability to enter the cherry tomato and thus become a potential risk for public consumption. Therefore, rational use of pesticides is recommended. The results of this study indicate that the possible risk of boscalid residue could be alleviated by EBR pretreatment through activating detoxification enzymes. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of accelerating energies to the maceration of sherry vinegar with citrus fruits
Authors: Chanivet Marina , Durán‐Guerrero Enrique , Rodríguez‐Dodero María del Carmen , Barroso Carmelo G , Castro Remedios 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the present work we propose the use of accelerating energies (microwaves and ultrasounds) to the maceration process of sherry vinegar with citrus fruit peels (orange and lemon). For the application of microwaves, an experimental design has been developed in order to optimize the maceration conditions. To evaluate the effect of these energies on the maceration, the volatile and polyphenolic content of the samples has been analyzed, as well as their sensory characteristics.RESULTSOrange peel provided a higher number of volatile and polyphenolic compounds to the vinegar, while lemon's yielded a greater amount of some of them. The multivariate analysis showed that the samples macerated using microwaves were the most similar to the samples macerated in the traditional way. This aspect was corroborated by the sensory analysis, which was more noticeable when orange peel was used in the macerations.CONCLUSIONTherefore, it seems that the use of microwaves to accelerate maceration is a good alternative to the traditional method of making sherry vinegars macerated with citrus peel, since it cuts down the maceration time from 3 days to just a few minutes. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Dietary oleuropein extract supplementation and its combination with α‐tocopheryl acetate and selenium modifies the free fatty acid profile of pork and improves its stability
Authors: Rey Ana I , De Cara Almudena , Segura José Francisco , Martí Pilar , Hechavarría Teresa , Calvo Luis 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDOlive‐derived antioxidants have been shown to affect the oxidative status of meat and have also been associated with greater consumption of glucose, which might affect glycogen stores and muscle characteristics. This study evaluated the effect of oleuropein extract supplementation (OLE) versus vitamin E + Se (VE), and their combination (VEOLE), in pig diets, on pH, drip loss, the proportion of free fatty acids, and meat stability, and their prediction by blood oxidative status markers.RESULTSThe drip loss of muscle was lower in antioxidant‐supplemented groups when compared with controls. α‐Tocopherol concentration and total fatty acids profile were not affected by dietary oleuropein supplementation. However, OLE and VEOLE had lower free n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels when compared with VE and tended to have higher free monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) levels. Furthermore, the VEOLE group had lower free n‐6 PUFA levels when compared with controls or VE, whereas the OLE group had intermediated values. Muscle samples from pigs subjected to the antioxidant‐mixed supplementation (VEOLE) had lower malondialdehyde concentration when compared with the others. The VE and OLE groups showed intermediate malondialdehyde values. Chilled meat stability was highly correlated with antioxidant status in vivo.CONCLUSIONThe administration of 96 mg oleuropein kg−1 feed produced similar meat quality characteristics as the use of 100 mg kg−1 α‐tocopheryl acetate +0.26 mg kg−1 sodium selenite and it would be an interesting alternative in Mediterranean countries. The VEOLE group was the most effective for reducing lipid oxidation and for the production of polyunsaturated free fatty acids in meat, which would result in lower rancidity formation and better aroma development in products. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Meaningful in the Context of the COVID‐19 Pandemic? A Response to Van Overmeire's Commentary on Karatzias et al. (2020)
Authors: Shevlin Mark , Hyland Philip , Karatzias Thanos 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn a recently published study in this journal that used a population‐based sample in the Republic of Ireland (Karatzias et al., 2020), we concluded that 17.7% of the sample met the diagnostic requirements for COVID‐19–related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Subsequently, Van Overmeire (2020) has raised concerns about the validity of our findings, arguing that simply experiencing the COVID‐19 pandemic is not sufficient to meet the trauma exposure criterion for a PTSD diagnosis and, consequently, our estimated PTSD prevalence figure was inflated. In this response, we provide (a) an explanation for why the COVID‐19 pandemic can be reasonably considered to be a traumatic event, (b) evidence that PTSD in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic is a meaningful construct, and (c) an argument for why our estimated prevalence rate is not unreasonably high.
Effects of changing phytoplankton species composition on carbon and nitrogen uptake in benthic invertebrates
Authors: Hedberg Per , Albert Séréna , Nascimento Francisco J. A. , Winder Monika 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPelagic primary production is the main input of organic energy for benthic production below the photic zone. In the Baltic Sea, spring phytoplankton blooms are dominated by diatoms that sink out rapidly and export nutritionally favorable matter to benthic secondary production, while the summer blooms have more variable sedimentation rates and nutritional profile. Changes in phytoplankton species composition and bloom dynamics, as a consequence of climate change and eutrophication are reducing high quality diatoms reaching the benthic fauna, while promoting cyanobacteria. Here, we test uptake and assimilation of changing phytoplankton composition for three common benthic invertebrates, a clam, an amphipod and a polychaete under varying degrees of spring‐bloom associated diatoms (Skeletonema costatum) and summer‐bloom associated cyanobacteria (Nodularia spumigena). The phytoplankton were labeled with stable isotopes (15N and 13C, respectively) in order to trace assimilation in consumers' tissues. We found that all three macrofauna species fed on both diatoms and cyanobacteria. A linear pattern was found for all three species in assimilation of carbon and nitrogen from diatoms, with increasing assimilation associated with higher proportion of diatoms. There was no clear pattern found between proportion of cyanobacteria and assimilation of carbon and nitrogen for any of the species. This study shows that the investigated macrofaunal species display a selective feeding behavior with preference for spring‐bloom associated diatoms. Thus, changes in phytoplankton bloom composition are likely affecting benthic species composition and production.
The Role of Epidemiological Evidence from Prospective Population Studies in Shaping Dietary Approaches to Therapy in Crohn's Disease
Authors: Wood Jessica A. , Halmos Emma P. , Taylor Kirstin M. , Gibson Peter R. 
Published: October 2020

ScopeThe concept that dietary factors are key risk and preventive agents in the development of Crohn's disease (CD), while widely believed and supported by epidemiological evidence, has yet to lead to clear identification of those factors through clinical trials. The aims are to examine the strength of the epidemiological evidence of diet and its association with CD, examine how interpretation of mostly epidemiological data has shaped ideas for potential dietary therapies, and to explore other factors that have driven the design of dietary clinical trials in CD.MethodsA literature search is performed in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and Google Scholar for prospective cohort studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) using search terms—“Crohn's disease,” “diet,” “risk,” “remission,” “treat,” “cohort,” “randomised.”ResultsOnly four prospective cohort studies examine the relationship of diet and CD development, but these trials have been largely ignored by dietary RCTs in CD, which have used predominantly exclusion diets in small populations without objective endpoint assessment. Only one demonstrated clinical benefit to intestinal inflammation.ConclusionInvestment in large multicenter dietary clinical trials that focus on dietary inclusions with objective endpoint assessment are needed to provide safe, sustainable dietary therapy to patients with CD.
High concordance between chart review adjudication and electronic medical record data to identify prevalent and incident diabetes mellitus among persons with and without HIV
Authors: McGinnis Kathleen A. , Justice Amy C. , Bailin Sam , Wellons Melissa , Freiberg Matthew , Koethe John R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundElectronic medical records (EMR) represent a rich source of data, but the value of EMR for health research relies on accurate ascertainment of clinical diagnoses. Identifying diabetes in EMR is complicated by the variety of accepted diagnostic criteria, some of which can be confounded by conditions such as HIV infection. We compared EMR‐based criteria for estimating diabetes prevalence and incidence in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), overall and by HIV status, against physician chart review and adjudication.Research Design and MethodsWe used laboratory values (serum glucose and hemoglobin A1c% [HbA1c]), ICD‐9 codes, and medication records from the United States Veterans Aging Cohort Study Biomarker Cohort to identify veterans with any indication of diabetes in the EMR for subsequent physician adjudication. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and kappa statistics were used to evaluate agreement of EMR‐based diabetes diagnoses with chart review adjudicated diagnoses.ResultsEMR entries were reviewed for 1546 persons with HIV (PWH) and 843 HIV‐negative participants through 2015. Agreement was at least moderate overall (kappa ≥ 0.42) for all pre‐specified measures and among PWH vs HIV‐negative, and African‐American vs white sub‐groups. Having at least one HbA1c ≥6.5% provided substantial agreement with chart adjudication for prevalent and incident diabetes (kappa = 0.89 and 0.73).ConclusionsIdentification of those with diabetes nationally within the VHA can be used in future studies to evaluate treatments, health outcomes, and adjust for diabetes in epidemiologic studies. Our methodology may provide insights for other organizations seeking to use EMR data for accurate determination of diabetes.
Effects of ethylene‐octene copolymer (POE) on the brittle to ductile transition of high‐density polyethylene/POE blends
Authors: Liu Shuncheng , Wang Kejian , Zhang Zhongfeng , Ren Yueqing , Chen Lanlan , Sun Xiaojie , Liang Wenbin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThree kinds of ethylene‐octene copolymers (POE) were melt‐blended with high‐density polyethylene (PE‐HD) in different proportions. Detailed characterizations were conducted to analyze their structural differences of POE and its effects in toughening PE‐HD. The higher molecular weight POE can improve the toughness of PE‐HD. 60:40 PE‐HD/POE is elongated to break up to 700% while impact strength is 84.7 kJ/m2 at −30°C, which is 21‐fold of PE‐HD. In the brittle to ductile transition (BDT) during impact, the fracture mechanism changes from the crazing mode to the shear yield‐plastic deformation mode. The BDT temperature decreases as the POE molecular weight and its content increase. The interface strength in tension is estimated to access their effects. The Boltzmann‐type models were successfully extended to describe the typical S‐shaped curves in BDT of notched impact strength vs POE content or temperature. The supplementary decay model is suggested for the attenuation in toughening. Transition map in impact is proposed to select the use range of composition (c) and temperature (T) for high toughness. The curves are converted into 3D graph of T‐c‐impact strength for illustrating their coupling‐separate effects, and further into the contour map of impact strength in T‐c space for finding their partial equivalence.
Effect of main and side chain length change of polycarboxylate‐ether‐based water‐reducing admixtures on the fresh state and mechanical properties of cementitious systems
Authors: Özen Süleyman , Altun Muhammet Gökhan , Mardani‐Aghabaglou Ali , Ramyar Kambiz 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this study, the effect of both main and side chain length changes of the admixtures on some properties of cementitious systems were investigated. Three different polycarboxylate‐ether‐based water‐reducing admixtures (WRA) having constant molecular weights and different main and side chain lengths were synthesized. Single type of raw material and carboxylate functional group were used in all WRAs. The molecular weights, free nonionic contents, and anionic/nonionic ratios of the admixtures were kept constant. Test results showed that degree of fluidity was observed in cement paste and mortar mixtures in case the admixture main and side chain length is more or less than a critical value. This negative effect is thought to be due to the weakening of the adsorption ability by the chain length change of the admixtures, the being tendency of polymers to intertwine and the adsorbing of admixture on several cement particles simultaneous. Admixtures having excessive long or short main chain and side chain improved the time‐dependent slump‐flow retention of the mortar mixtures. The admixtures with short main and side chains had insufficient adsorption ability and the admixture with excessive long main and side chains had the interlacing risk of polymers. In both cases, time‐dependent behavior improved because the amount of free admixture in solution increased. The change in the chain lengths of the WRAs affected the 1‐day compressive strength of the mortar mixtures.