bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Employing newly qualified nurses to work in hospices: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Rolt Lucy , Gillett Karen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimTo establish an understanding of the experiences of newly qualified nurses’ working in hospices from the perspective of both newly qualified and senior nurses.DesignA qualitative interview study.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews with six newly qualified nurses and five senior nurses from four UK hospices were conducted between March – July 2017.ResultsThe hospices involved in this study were among the first to recruit newly qualified nurses. Participants believed that newly qualified nurses coped well with hospice working and received unique opportunities for professional development. Participants identified the value of formal and informal support, however, newly qualified nurses faced negative attitudes from some established staff. Newly qualified nurses expressed concerns about a perceived lack of technical clinical skills training, however, they highlighted gaining end‐of‐life care and communication skills that would be transferrable to other settings. Participants highlighted the need to allocate more time for education and formal support including preceptorship. Senior staff did not necessarily expect newly qualified nurses to remain in long‐term hospice employment suggesting that they could disseminate their hospice learning to future workplaces.ConclusionThis study supports recruitment strategies that increasingly target newly qualified nurses to work in hospices with findings suggesting that hospices can be a suitable environment for recent graduates to work in. The senior nurses in this study viewed the employment of newly qualified nurses in a positive light but shared the concerns of newly qualified nurses regarding skills training.ImpactAt a time when hospices need to expand if they are going to meet demand for their services, they along with most areas of healthcare face difficulties recruiting and retaining registered nurses. To increase the appeal of hospice employment, recruitment campaigns aimed at newly qualified nurses should emphasize the transferability of skills gained in hospice settings.
The invasive moth Paysandisia archon in Europe: Biology and control options
Authors: Muñoz‐Adalia Emigdio Jordán , Colinas Carlos 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe palm borer moth (Paysandisia archon, Burmeister) is a member of the Castniidae family originally from South America and is currently included in the A2 list of the OEPP/EPPO. This moth was introduced to Europe in 2000 through ornamental palms. Since its accidental introduction, it has become a major threat for natural stands of native palms, as well as for nurseries and gardens in the Mediterranean basin. To date, neither preventive nor control methods have been implemented for managing this pest under field conditions. In this review, we highlight the most relevant information on the biology of P. archon and summarize the available control strategies with a special focus on biocontrol‐based treatments.
The Venus model for integrating practitioner‐led workforce transformation and complex change across the health care system
Authors: Manley Kim , Jackson Carrie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesThe aim of this paper is to present the Venus model for workforce transformation, demonstrating its research origins, theoretical foundations, and practical application for enabling individuals, teams, and services to sustain transformation in the workplace.MethodsThe paper provides a brief synopsis of how the Venus model was generated from four large‐scale mixed‐method studies embracing workforce transformation, safety culture, integrated facilitation, and continuous professional development.ResultsThe Venus model has five stems and identifies key integrated skill sets pivotal to successful transformation, which are interdependent:
Being able to facilitate an integrated approach to learning, development, improvement, knowledge translation, inquiry, and innovation—drawing on the workplace itself as an influential resource;
Being a transformational and collective leader building relationships that encourage curiosity, creativity, and harnessing the talents of all not just a few;
Being a skilled practice developer focused on achieving the key values of being person‐centred, and the ways of working that are collaborative, inclusive, and participative;
Applying improvement skills that enable small step change using measurement wisely to focus on measuring what is valued as well as evaluating positive progress; and, finally
Facilitating culture change at the micro‐systems level while being attuned to the organizational and systems enablers required to support this.
ConclusionThe paper concludes with consideration of implications for implementation of the model and its relevance for practice, policy, education, and future research as well as outlining potential limitations and conclusions.
Cress seed (Lepidium sativum) gum dried by vacuum, freeze, and microwave drying methods: Structural, rheological, emulsifying, and foaming properties
Authors: Moniri Hannaneh , Farahmandfar Reza , Motamedzadegan Ali 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDifferent drying methods were used to find the best one which maintain the CSG functionality. Cress seed mucilage was dried with freeze‐dried (FD), vacuum (40, 60, and 80°C) and microwave drying (MD). The flow behavior value of dried samples is less than one (nH < 1). The strain sweep test showed the samples have solid‐like behavior in the linear viscoelastic region. In frequency sweep test, the storage modulus is higher than the loss modulus, and both increased with increasing frequency. The values of Gf, G′LVE, τy, τf increased as the temperature raised and the gel network has become stronger. Among the samples, the FD method had highest amount of τy and τf, in comparison with vacuum drying and MD. CSG had good emulsifying capacity and stability (>80%). The FD method was the best drying method which maintain the CSG functionality.Practical ApplicationsHydrocolloids have a wide range of functional properties, such as viscoelasticity and gelling. On the other hand, drying with less time, lower temperature, and faster mass and heat transfer was recommended due to unfavorable food changes in traditional drying methods. Therefore, identification and quantification of hydrocolloids, dried with different drying methods, are interested in food industries.
Ameliorating effects of sacral neuromodulation on gastric and small intestinal dysmotility mediated via a sacral afferent‐vagal efferent pathway
Authors: Wang Ximeng , Zhang Shengai , Pasricha Pankaj J. , Chen Jiande D. Z. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground/AimsIn a recent study of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) for colonic inflammation, a possible spinal‐vagal pathway was implicated. The aim of this study was to provide evidence for such a pathway by investigating the effects of SNS on dysmotility of the stomach and duodenum that are not directly innervated by the sacral efferents.MethodsTwenty‐seven rats were chronically implanted with wire electrodes for SNS and gastrointestinal slow waves. SNS was performed in several acute sessions to investigate its effects on gastric/duodenal slow waves and emptying/transit impaired by glucagon and rectal distention (RD).Results(a) SNS increased the percentage of normal gastric slow waves impaired by glucagon (from 53.9% to 77.0%, P < .0001) and RD (from 64% to 78%, P = .037). This improvement was abolished by atropine. (b) Similar effects were observed with SNS on duodenal slow waves, which was also blocked by atropine. (c) SNS normalized delayed gastric emptying induced by glucagon (control: 61.3%, glucagon: 44.3%, glucagon + SNS: 65.8%) and RD (control: 61.3%, RD: 46.7%, RD + SNS: 64.3%). It also normalized small intestinal transit delayed by RD (P = .001, RD + SNS vs RD; P = .9, RD + SNS vs control). (4) Both glucagon and RD induced an increase in the sympathovagal ratio (P = .007, glucagon vs baseline; P < .001, RD vs baseline) and SNS decreased the ratio (P = .006, glucagon + SNS vs glucagon; P = .04, RD + SNS vs RD).ConclusionsNeuromodulation of the sacral nerve improves gastric and small intestinal pacemaking activity and transit impaired by glucagon and RD by normalizing the sympathovagal balance via a retrograde neural pathway from the sacral nerve to vagal efferents.
Spinal Cord Stimulation Improves Functional Outcomes in Children With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Case Presentation and Review of the Literature
Authors: Bakr Salma M. , Knight James , Johnson Sarah K. , Williams Amy E. , Tolley James A. , Raskin Jeffrey S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn the pediatric population, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a debilitating chronic pain syndrome that is classically treated with escalating polypharmacy and physical therapy. Failure of therapy is often encountered in both adult and pediatric patients with CRPS, after which invasive neuromodulatory therapy might be considered. Intrathecal drug delivery systems and spinal cord stimulation (SCS) have been reported in the literature as forms of neuromodulation effective in adult CRPS; however, SCS remains inadequately researched and underreported in the pediatric CRPS population. Owing to the differences in patient population characteristics and the specific vulnerability of adolescents to drugs that might be used to manage refractory cases, including but not limited to opioids, we believe that early effective pain management without the use of chronic pain medications is of paramount importance.MethodsRecent evidence suggests that neuromodulation can be useful toward improving function and managing pain, while also reducing medication use in chronic pain patients. A representative case a review of the literature is performed.ResultsWe report the effective treatment of CRPS in a pediatric patient following implantation of an SCS device typifying the improved pain scores, decreased medication use, and substantially improved functional abilities in pediatric patients following SCS.ConclusionsThe manuscript objective is to stimulate a discussion for SCS use earlier in the therapeutic management of CRPS in children.
Recurrent reactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME): Insights from a child with three episodes
Authors: Mazori Daniel R. , Nagarajan Sairaman , Glick Sharon A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractReactive infectious mucocutaneous eruption (RIME) was recently proposed to replace the term Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)‐induced rash and mucositis to account for the fact that non‐MP pathogens may also cause rash and mucositis. In this report, we describe a unique case of recurrent RIME featuring a total of three episodes. As two of the episodes demonstrated contemporaneous infection with MP and group A streptococcus or influenza B, this case lends further support to use of the term RIME. In addition, although RIME typically involves at least two mucous membranes, this case shows that recurrent episodes may fall into the rare exception in which mucositis is limited to one site.
Systematic Review of Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) on the Experimental Calcaneal Tendon Injury in Rats
Authors: Lopes Silva Rauena Souto Diogo , Pessoa Diego Rodrigues , Mariano Rafaela Rodrigues , Castro Ana Beatriz Silva , de Oliveira Rauirys Alencar , Ferraresi Cleber 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis systematic review analyzed the light parameters and the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) through low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) and/or LED (light‐emitting diode) on tendon repair of rats submitted to calcaneal injury. This study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta‐Analysis, and PubMed and MEDLINE databases were accessed to search eligible studies published in English. The search terms were as follows: "Achilles tendon" or "Calcaneal tendon" or "tendon injuries" or "soft tissue injuries" and "tendinopathy" or "tendinitis" and "low‐level light therapy" or "low‐level laser therapy" or "low intensity power therapy" or "light‐emitting diode" or photobiomodulation." The SYRCLE (SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation) risks of bias was used to assess the risk of bias for selected studies. A total of 225 studies were found based on the descriptors used, and only 33 studies were eligible. Light parameters identified per point of irradiation were approximately 60 mW (continuous mode at infrared spectra), 2 W cm−2, 2 J and 45 J cm−2. Light parameters at red spectra, continuous versus pulsed mode, and PBMT combined or compared with other therapies such as ultrasound, and studies using unhealthy rats (ovariectomized and/or diabetic models) were also identified and grouped according to these similarities. The main effects found were decreased inflammatory markers and signs of inflammatory process. PBMT (laser/LED) has positive effects in reducing the inflammatory and time for tissue repair in animal models of tendon injury and/or tendinitis using parameters identified.
Left ventricular remodeling in elite and sub‐elite road cyclists
Authors: Brown Benjamin , Millar Lynne , Somauroo John , George Keith , Sharma Sanjay , La Gerche Andre , Forsythe Lynsey , Oxborough David 
Published: March 2020

Marked adaptation of left ventricular (LV) structure in endurance athletes is well established. However, previous investigations of functional and mechanical adaptation have been contradictory. A lack of clarity in subjects’ athletic performance level may have contributed to these disparate findings. This study aimed to describe structural, functional, and mechanical characteristics of the cyclists’ LV, based on clearly defined performance levels. Male elite cyclists (EC) (n = 69), sub‐elite cyclists (SEC) (n = 30), and non‐athletes (NA) (n = 46) were comparatively studied using conventional and speckle tracking 2D echocardiography. Dilated eccentric hypertrophy was common in EC (34.7%), but not SEC (3.3%). Chamber concentricity was higher in EC compared to SEC (7.11 ± 1.08 vs 5.85 ± 0.98 g/(mL)2/3, P < .001). Ejection fraction (EF) was lower in EC compared to NA (57 ± 5% vs 59 ± 4%, P < .05), and reduced EF was observed in a greater proportion of EC (11.6%) compared to SEC (6.7%). Global circumferential strain (GCε) was greater in EC (−18.4 ± 2.4%) and SEC (−19.8 ± 2.7%) compared to NA (−17.2 ± 2.6%) (P < .05 and P < .001). Early diastolic filling was lower in EC compared with SEC (0.72 ± 0.14 vs 0.88 ± 0.12 cm/s, P < .001), as were septal E’ (12 ± 2 vs 15 ± 2 cm/s, P < .001) and lateral E’ (18 ± 4 vs 20 ± 4 cm/s, P < .05). The magnitude of LV structural adaptation was far greater in EC compared with SEC. Increased GCε may represent a compensatory mechanism to maintain stroke volume in the presence of increased chamber volume. Decreased E and E’ velocities may be indicative of a considerable functional reserve in EC.
Heritability of objectively assessed and self‐reported sedentary behavior
Authors: Schutte Nienke M. , Huppertz Charlotte , Doornweerd Stieneke , Bartels Meike , de Geus Eco J.C. , van der Ploeg Hidde P. 
Published: March 2020

Understanding the sources of the large individual differences in sedentary behavior is of great importance as this behavior is associated with pre‐mature mortality and non‐communicable diseases. Here, we report on the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the variation in objectively assessed (accelerometer) sedentary behavior and self‐reported sitting and their shared genetic basis. In addition, the overlap of the genetic risk factors influencing sedentary time and moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was estimated. A sample of 800 individuals (twins and their siblings) was equipped with an Actigraph accelerometer for 7 days and reported on their sitting time and time spent on MVPA on those days using the IPAQ‐SF. Genetic factors explained 56% (CI: 44%, 65%) of the individual differences in objective sedentary behavior (Actigraph) and 26% (CI: 0%, 51%) of the individual differences in self‐reported sedentary behavior (IPAQ‐SF). A modest correlation (0.33) was found between these measures, which was for 45% accounted for by genetic influences. The genetic correlation was 0.49 reflecting a partly overlapping set of genes that influenced both measurements. A modest correlation (−0.27) between Actigraph‐derived sedentary time and MVPA was found, which was 13% accounted for by genetic effects. The genetic correlation was −0.31, indicating that there are overlapping genetic variants that increase sedentary time and decrease MVPA or vice versa. To conclude, more than half of the individual differences in objective sedentary time could be attributed to genetic differences, while for self‐reported sitting this was much lower. In addition, using objective measurements, this study confirms that sedentary time is not simply the inverse of MVPA. Future studies are needed to understand the pathways translating genomic variation into variation in these behaviors and how this knowledge might feed into the development of health promotion interventions.
Outcome of intensity‐modulated radiation therapy‐based stereotactic radiation therapy for treatment of canine nasal carcinomas
Authors: Fox‐Alvarez Stacey , Shiomitsu Keijiro , Lejeune Amandine T. , Szivek Anna , Kubicek Lyndsay 
Published: March 2020

AbstractStereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) has emerged as a convenient definitive treatment modality in veterinary medicine, but few studies exist evaluating outcome with treatment for canine nasal tumors, and no studies report the treatment of one single tumor histotype. This retrospective, observational study evaluates toxicity, response, and survival in 17 dogs with nasal carcinomas treated with SRT. Dogs received a median of 3000 centigray in three fractions via 6‐MV linear accelerator. Eighty‐eight percent of patients (n = 15) demonstrated clinical benefit. Of dogs with repeated CT imaging (n = 10), 60% (n = 6) achieved a partial response and 10% (n = 1) achieved a complete response. Median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 359 days. Median survival time (MST) was 563 days. Among dogs evaluable for acute toxicity, 50% (n = 10) developed low grade toxicity (grade 1, n = 4; grade 2, n = 1). No patients developed grade 3 toxicity. 16 dogs (87%) evaluable over the long term developed signs consistent with possible late toxicity. The majority of late toxicities were mild (alopecia, hyperpigmentation, and leukotrichia n = 10; ocular discharge and keratoconjunctivitis sicca n = 5). Thirty‐seven percent of patients (n = 6) developed seven possible grade 3 late toxicities (blindness, n = 3; fistula, n = 1; seizures, n = 3), which were difficult to distinguish from progressive disease in most patients. Of the prognostic factors evaluated (demographics, tumor stage, dosimetric data, epistaxis, facial deformity, clinical response, image‐based response, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, and chemotherapy), only clinical response was a positive prognostic factor on MST (P < .00). No factors were found to be significantly associated with PFS.
Female toads engaging in adaptive hybridization prefer high-quality heterospecifics as mates
Authors: Chen Catherine , Pfennig Karin S. 
Published: March 2020

Choosing mates wisely
Hybridization between species has long been seen as an accidental contributor to evolution in some cases and as a dead end in others. New evidence is emerging, however, that hybridization may have played important, and nonrandom, roles in adaptation. Chen and Pfennig describe just such a case where female Plains spadefoot toads preferentially choose males from another toad species, the Mexican spadefoot, as mates, but only under certain environmental conditions (see the Perspective by Zuk). The offspring of this preferred hybrid mating event have higher fitness than nonhybrids in the same environment. Thus, not only do hybrids have an advantage, but females of one species are exerting a selective influence on the other species.

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Design and experimental study of the self-adaptive splitting technology of lotus seeds
Authors: Lu Ange , Ma Qiucheng , Ma Jie 
Published: March 2020

The lotus plumule has high medicinal value and is an important part of the lotus seed. Usually, the lotus seed must be split symmetrically into two halves through a splitting process to obtain an intact lotus plumule. However, this process is difficult to mechanize and automate, as different lotus seeds are of different sizes. In this study, a novel automatic self-adaptive splitting technology (SAST) is proposed for lotus seeds, based on a specially designed combined linkage mechanism and a roller pair centering mechanism. The technology can automatically adjust the position of the splitting point taper punch according to the size of the lotus seed and ensure that the tip of the punch is on the axis of the lotus seed. First, the centering deviation of the centering mechanism was analyzed. A mathematical model for the SAST was developed, and the key parameters were optimized using the firefly algorithm. An automatic splitting machine and a test bench were designed for centering deviation measurements, and both centering and splitting experiments were conducted. The generated maximum centering deviation of the SAST was <0.176 mm; the highest accurate splitting rates of 95% and 93.05% were achieved for unclassified and graded lotus seeds, respectively.
Gravitational production of dark matter in the Peebles–Vilenkin model
Authors: Haro Jaume 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe gravitational production of superheavy dark matter, in the Peebles-Vilenkin quintessential inflation model, is studied in two different scenarios: When the particles, whose decay products reheat the universe after the end of the inflationary period, are created gravitationally, and when are produced via instant preheating. We show that the viability of both scenarios requires that the mass of the superheavy dark matter to be approximately between $$10^{16}$$1016 and $$10^{17}~\hbox {GeV}$$1017GeV.
Excited $$\varOmega _b$$ baryons and fine structure of strong interaction
Authors: Chen Hua-Xing , Cui Er-Liang , Hosaka Atsushi , Mao Qiang , Yang Hui-Min 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe heavy baryon system bounded by the strong interaction has a rich internal structure, so its mass spectra can have the fine structure similar to the line spectra of atom bounded by the electromagnetic interaction. We systematically study the internal structure of P-wave $$\varOmega _b$$Ωb baryons and calculate their D-wave decay properties. The present study, together with our previous studies on their mass spectra and S-wave decay properties, suggest that all the four excited $$\varOmega _b$$Ωb baryons recently discovered by LHCb can be well explained as P-wave $$\varOmega _b$$Ωb baryons, and their beautiful fine structure is directly related to the rich internal structure of P-wave $$\varOmega _b$$Ωb baryons.