bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interstitielle Lungenerkrankung bei rheumatischen Erkrankungen – neue Therapieansätze
Authors: Jakubczyc Anna , Neurohr Claus 
Published: April 2020

Was ist neu?
Glukokortikosteroide und Immunsuppressiva In der Therapie der Lungengerüstveränderungen bei Patienten mit Kollagenose (connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease, CTD-ILD) werden Kortikosteroide, Immunsuppressiva und auch Biologika angewendet. Im Vergleich zur Scleroderma-Lung-Study (SLS) I und II, die die Effektivität der Immunsuppressiva Cyclophosphamid (CYC) und Mycophenolat-Mofetil (MMF) bei pulmonaler Beteiligung der Sklerodermie (SSc-ILD) belegen, ist die Datenlage bezüglich der Therapie der anderen CTD-ILD unbefriedigend.
Biologika In der Gruppe der Biologika nimmt Rituximab (RTX) an Bedeutung zu. Die aktuell erwarteten Studienergebnisse werden die Wirksamkeit von Immunsuppressiva (vor allem MMF und CYC) mit RTX bei verschiedenen CTD-ILD vergleichen. Zu den weiteren untersuchten Biologika gehören u. a. der monoklonale Anti-IL6-Rezeptor-Antikörper Tocilizumab bei SSc-ILD bzw. Abatacept (ein Fusionsprotein, das die T-Zell-Antworten inhibiert) bei pulmonaler Beteiligung bei rheumatoider Arthritis (RA-ILD).
Autologe Stammzelltransplantation Die autologe Stammzelltransplantation ist eine potente, aber nebenwirkungsbehaftete Therapie bei schwerer Sklerodermie.
Antifibrotische Therapie Für die Gruppe der Lungengerüstkrankheiten unterschiedlicher Genese inkl. CTD-ILD mit einem progredienten fibrosierenden Verlauf trotz adäquater Therapie (z. B. chronische exogen-allergische Alveolitis, RA, SSc) wurde der Begriff der fibrosierenden interstitiellen Lungenerkrankungen mit progressivem Phänotyp (progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases, PF-ILD) geprägt. In jüngster Zeit erschienen Arbeiten, die einen positiven Effekt der antifibrotischen Medikamente (Nintedanib, Pirfenidon) in einer solchen Situation nachweisen. Aktuell wird eine Reihe weiterer Ergebnisse bezüglich der Effektivität der Antifibrotika bei CTD-ILD erwartet. Die Studien auf diesem Gebiet haben das Potential der Erweiterung der Behandlungsmöglichkeiten bei CTD-ILD.
Advanced Nursing Practice im psychiatrisch-psychosozialen Kontext
Authors: Scheydt Stefan , Holzke Martin , Hegedüs Anna 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Informative und aufschlussreiche Übersicht über das Konzept der Advanced Nursing Practice (ANP) und seiner spezifischen Facetten mit Fokus auf den psychiatrisch-psychosozialen Versorgungskontext.
Methodik Systematische Literaturrecherche in spezifischen elektronischen Datenbanken (PubMed, CINAHL, Google und GoogleScholar) und Synthese der identifizierten Quellen in Anlehnung an die strukturierende Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring.
Ergebnisse Im psychiatrisch-psychosozialen Kontext sind die Clinical Nurse Specialist und Nurse Practitioner die klassischen Rollen der Advanced Nursing Practice. Deren Ausbildung, Tätigkeiten und die Settings, in welchen sie arbeiten, weisen viele Ähnlichkeiten auf. Neben den Kernelementen der ANP-Rollen zeigen sich je nach Arbeitssetting und Patientenpopulation starke individuelle Ausprägungen.
Schlussfolgerungen Es ist wichtig, dass die internationalen Erfahrungen der Rollenentwicklung und Implementierung sowie der spezifischen Handlungsfelder in den deutschsprachigen Raum integriert werden, sodass eine spezialisierte, erweiterte und vertiefte psychiatrische Pflege auch hierzulande langfristig und effektiv etabliert werden kann.
Effects of Overspeed or Overload Plyometric Training on Jump Height and Lifting Velocity
Authors: Stien Nicolay , Strate Morten , Andersen Vidar , Saeterbakken Atle Hole 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of overspeed or overload plyometric training on jump height and lifting velocity in resistance trained females without plyometric training experience. Fifty-six participants (age: 21.2±1.7 years; body mass: 65.1±8.2 kg; height: 168.0±5.9 cm) were randomly allocated to either an overspeed (n=18), overload (n=18), or passive control (n=16) group. The two training groups completed 18.7±1.7 sessions consisting of three different plyometric exercises with overspeed or overload over eight weeks. Apart from the external loading, the two training modalities were identical. Following the training period, the changes in the recorded variables were not significantly different from those in the control group, nor did the training groups differ from each other. The training groups improved peak and average lifting velocity in the 40 and 60% of body mass loading conditions (9.50–33.37%, p=<0.001–0.038), whereas only the average lifting velocity improved in the 80% of body mass loading condition (OS: 14.47%, p<0.001 and OL: 23.13%, p<0.001). No significant changes occurred in the control group (9.18–13.55%, P=0.062–0.980). Overspeed and overload plyometric training may be viable methods for improving lifting velocity, but not squat jump height, in a population without plyometric training experience.
Effectiveness of Hydro-Galvanic Bath Therapy on Global Health Status, Quality of Life, Depression, and Pain in Individuals with Fibromyalgia – A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Alshahrani Mastour Saeed , Reddy Ravi Shankar Yerragonda , Tedla Jaya Shankar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose Although a number of treatments are widely prescribed for fibromyalgia (FM), many are not fully effective. In clinical practice, the effectiveness of electrotherapy is limited in particular to hydro-galvanic bath therapy in the management of FM. This experiment aims to evaluate whether hydro-galvanic bath therapy can be beneficial in decreasing pain and increasing quality of life for individuals with FM.
Material and Methods This quasi-experimental study recruited 92 individuals diagnosed with FM who were then divided equally either into a galvanic group or control group. The galvanic group received both hydro-galvanic bath therapy and a 12-week supervised aerobic exercise program, whereas the control group only received the exercise program. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and post-intervention using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), SF-36 Health Survey, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
Results and discussion Individuals in both groups showed excellent compliance with interventions by attending more than 85% of sessions. Both groups showed a significant change in all outcome measures evaluated (p<0.001), but the galvanic group showed greater improvements when compared with the control group (p<0.001). The galvanic group showed a 16.6% of FIQ score, 8.2% of SF-36 score, 25.0% of BDI score, and 53.2% of VAS score from baseline. In turn, the control group demonstrated a reduction of 6.8% of FIQ score, 11.8% of SF-36 score, 22.0% of BDI score, and 41.6% of VAS score.
Conclusion The galvanic group who received galvanic bath therapy along with aerobic exercise for 12 weeks evoked greater change in FIQ, BDI, and SF-36 Health Survey scores compared with results of aerobic exercise alone in control group.
Chemistry of Hetera-buckybowl Trichalcogenasumanenes
Authors: Shao Xiangfeng , Li Dongxu 
Published: April 2020

Buckybowls attract significant attention in chemistry and materials science owing to their unique features related to both geometric and electronic aspects. Doping the π-skeleton of buckybowls with the main group elements results in hetera-buckybowls, and accordingly has a large influence on the chemical and physical properties. This account summarizes our research progress on hetera-buckybowl trichalcogenasumanenes (TCSs), including their synthesis, regioselective oxidations, transformation into various hetero polycycles (chiral π-systems, molecular spoons, etc.), and their application as optoelectronic materials.1	Introduction2	Synthesis of TCSs3	Structural and Electronic Features of TCSs4	Regioselective Oxidation of TCSs4.1	Cleavage of the Edged Benzene Rings4.2	Oxidation of the Thiophene Rings4.3	Transformation of Butoxy Groups into an ortho-Quinone4.4	Intermolecular Charge Transfer4.5	Influence of Chalcogen Atoms on Oxidation Reactions5	Synthesis of Hetero Polycycles from TCSs6	Optoelectronic Properties of TCSs and Their Derivatives7	Conclusion
Visible-Light-Driven Transformations of Phenols via Energy Transfer Catalysis
Authors: Coeffard Vincent , Fischer Jérôme , Nun Pierrick 
Published: April 2020

In the past decade, the field of visible-light-mediated photocatalysis has been particularly thriving by offering innovative synthetic tools for the construction of functionalized architectures from simple and readily available substrates. One strategy that has been of interest is energy transfer catalysis, which is a powerful way of activating a substrate or an intermediate by using the combination of light and a relevant photosensitizer. This review deals with recent advances in energy transfer catalysis applied to phenols, which are ubiquitous in chemistry both as starting materials and as high-added-value products. Processes involving energy transfer from the excited photosensitizer to ground state oxygen and to phenol-containing substrates will be described.1	Introduction2	Intermolecular Processes2.1	Reactions with Singlet Oxygen2.2	[2+2] Cycloadditions3	Intramolecular Transformations4	Conclusions and Outlook
Natural Language Processing to Extract Meaningful Information from Patient Experience Feedback
Authors: Nawab Khalid , Ramsey Gretchen , Schreiber Richard 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Due to reimbursement tied in part to patients' perception of their care, hospitals continue to stress obtaining patient feedback and understanding it to plan interventions to improve patients' experience. We demonstrate the use of natural language processing (NLP) to extract meaningful information from patient feedback obtained through Press Ganey surveys.
Methods The first step was to standardize textual data programmatically using NLP libraries. This included correcting spelling mistakes, converting text to lowercase, and removing words that most likely did not carry useful information. Next, we converted numeric data pertaining to each category based on sentiment and care aspect into charts. We selected care aspect categories where there were more negative comments for more in-depth study. Using NLP, we made tables of most frequently appearing words, adjectives, and bigrams. Comments with frequent words/combinations underwent further study manually to understand factors contributing to negative patient feedback. We then used the positive and negative comments as the training dataset for a neural network to perform sentiment analysis on sentences obtained by splitting mixed reviews.
Results We found that most of the comments were about doctors and nurses, confirming the important role patients ascribed to these two in patient care. “Room,” “discharge” and “tests and treatments” were the three categories that had more negative than positive comments. We then tabulated commonly appearing words, adjectives, and two-word combinations. We found that climate control, housekeeping and noise levels in the room, time delays in discharge paperwork, conflicting information about discharge plan, frequent blood draws, and needle sticks were major contributors to negative patient feedback. None of this information was available from numeric data alone.
Conclusion NLP is an effective tool to gain insight from raw textual patient feedback to extract meaningful information, making it a powerful tool in processing large amounts of patient feedback efficiently.
Avoiding Above-the-Knee Amputation with a Free Tibiofibular–Talocalcaneal Fillet Flap and Free Latissimus Dorsi Flap
Authors: Garcia-Vilariño Elena , Perez-Garcia Alberto , Salmeron-Gonzalez Enrique , Sanchez-Garcia Alberto , Bas Jose Luis , Simon-Sanz Eduardo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite the advances achieved in reconstructive surgery, amputation is still the only option after some severe traumas. Preservation of the knee joint is considered a significant functional advantage. We present the case of a 39-year-old man with a comminuted Gustilo type IIIC open tibia fracture with massive bone loss. To achieve a well-fashioned amputation stump and preserve the knee joint, a free osteocutaneous fillet flap was performed, including the distal tibia and fibula, talus, and calcaneus bones. As a result, a sensate and long amputation stump covered with thick skin from the sole of the foot provided a stable coverage with an excellent functional result and adjustment to prosthesis.
The guessing from context test
Authors: Sasao Yosuke , Webb Stuart 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aims to develop two equivalent forms of the Guessing from Context Test (GCT) and provide its preliminary validity evidence. The GCT is a diagnostic test of the guessing skill and measures the following three important steps in guessing: identifying the part of speech of an unknown word, finding its discourse clue, and deriving its meaning. The test was administered to 428 Japanese learners of English. The results indicate that the two forms each with 20 question sets are equivalent in terms of item difficulty distribution and representativeness of the construct being measured. A wide range of validity evidence was provided using Messick’s validation framework, the Rasch model, qualitative investigations into the relationships to actual guessing, and proposals for score interpretation.
Examining incidental vocabulary acquisition from captioned video
Authors: Jelani Nurul Aini Mohd , Boers Frank 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Previous comparisons of vocabulary uptake from captioned and uncaptioned audio-visual materials have almost consistently furnished evidence in favour of captioned materials. However, it is possible that many such comparative studies gave an advantage to the captioned input conditions by virtue of their use of written word prompts in the tests. The present study therefore examines whether aurally presented test prompts yield equally compelling evidence for the superiority of captioned over uncaptioned video. Intermediate EFL learners watched a ten-minute TED Talks video either with or without captions and were subsequently given a word recognition and a word meaning test, with half of the test prompts presented in print and the other half presented aurally. While the results of the word recognition test were inconclusive, the word meaning test yielded significantly better scores by the group that watched the captioned video. However, this was due entirely to their superior scores on the printed word prompts, not the aural ones. This suggests that evaluations of the benefits of captions for vocabulary acquisitions should take input-modality – test-modality congruency into account.
The images in television programs and the potential for learning unknown words
Authors: Rodgers Michael P.H. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Previous studies have indicated the potential for incidental vocabulary learning through viewing television. The assumption has been that the imagery in television helps learners acquire vocabulary because when they hear an unfamiliar word, the on-screen images provide semantic support. However, the extent to which imagery in authentic television supports learners in this way is unclear. This study examines 90 target words occurring in single seasons of television, and the degree to which their aural occurrence matched the presentation of a potentially supporting image. Results indicate differences in the way imagery supports potential vocabulary learning in documentary television compared with narrative television, and that this supporting imagery occurred concurrently with the aural form more often in documentary television. Research and pedagogical implications are discussed in detail.
Vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension at an intermediate level in English and French as foreign languages
Authors: Noreillie Ann-Sophie , Kestemont Britta , Heylen Kris , Desmet Piet , Peters Elke 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The present study aims to replicate Stæhr’s (2009) study on the relationship between vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension. To explore the generalizability of Stæhr’s findings, two experiments were conducted. However, the study changed the population (Flemish learners) and proficiency level of the materials in the first experiment (intermediate) and also the language in the second experiment (French). Our results generally confirm Stæhr’s findings. We also found a positive correlation between vocabulary knowledge and listening comprehension. Although our findings reveal that learners probably need fewer words for adequate listening comprehension at an intermediate proficiency level, our study also showed that learners who knew more words had higher listening comprehension scores. Finally, our study seems to suggest that learners might need less lexical coverage for intermediate listening.
Suppression of individual peaks in two-colour high harmonic generation
Authors: Mitra S , Biswas S , Schötz J , Pisanty E , Förg B , Kavuri G A , Burger C , Okell W , Högner M , Pupeza I , Pervak V , Lewenstein M , Wnuk P , Kling M F 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This work investigates the suppression of individual harmonics, simultaneously affecting specific even and odd orders in the high-harmonic spectra generated by strongly tailored, two-colour, multi-cycle laser pulses in neon. The resulting spectra are systematically studied as a function of the electric-field shape in a symmetry-broken (ω–2ω) and symmetry-preserved (ω–3ω) configuration. The peak suppression is reproduced by macroscopic strong-field approximation calculations and is found to be unique to symmetry-broken fields (ω–2ω). Additionally, semi-classical calculations further corroborate the observation and reveal their underlying mechanism, where a nontrivial spectral interference between subsequent asymmetric half-cycles is found to be responsible for the suppression.
Chirality relaxation in low-temperature strongly Rashba-coupled systems
Authors: Verpoort P C , Narayan V 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We study the relaxation dynamics of non-equilibrium chirality distributions of charge carriers in Rashba systems. We find that at low temperature inter-Rashba band transitions become suppressed due to the combined effect of the Rashba momentum split and the chiral spin texture of a Rashba system. Specifically, we show that momentum exchange between carriers and the phonon bath is effectively absent at temperatures where the momentum of thermal phonons is less than twice the Rashba momentum. This allows us to identify inter-carrier scattering as the dominant process by which non-equilibrium chirality distributions relax. We show that the magnitude of inter-carrier scattering is strongly influenced by the opposing spin structure of the Rashba bands. Finally, we provide an explicit result for the inter-band relaxation timescale associated with inter-carrier Coulomb scattering. We develop a general framework and assess its implications for GeTe, a bulk Rashba semiconductor with a strong Rashba momentum split.
Can a highly accurate multi-class SSMVEP BCI induce sensory-motor rhythm in the sensorimotor area?
Authors: Zhang Xin , Xu Guanghua , Ravi Aravind , Pearce Sarah , Jiang Ning 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objective. Different visual stimuli might have different effects on the brain, e.g. the change of brightness, non-biological movement and biological movement. Approach. In this study, flicker, checkerboard and gaiting stimuli were chosen as visual stimuli to investigate whether steady-state motion visual evoked potential (SSMVEP) effect on the sensorimotor area for rehabilitation. The gaiting stimulus was designed as the gaiting sequence of a human. The hypothesis is that only observing the designed gaiting stimulus would simultaneously induce: (1) SSMVEP in the occipital area, similarly to an SSVEP stimulus; and (2) sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) in the primary sensorimotor area, because such action observation could activate the mirror neuron system. Canonical correlation analysis was used to detect SSMVEP from occipital electroencephalograms (EEG), and event-related spectral perturbation was used to identify SMR in the EEG from the sensorimotor area. Main results. The results showed that the designed gaiting stimulus-induced SSMVEP, with classification accuracies of 88.9 ± 12.0% in a four-class scenario. More importantly, it induced clear and sustained event-related desynchronization/synchronization (ERD/ERS), while no ERD/ERS could be observed when the other two SSVEP stimuli were used. Further, for participants with a sufficiently clear SSMVEP pattern (classification accuracy >85%), the ERD index values in the mu-beta band induced by the proposed gaiting stimulus were statistically different from those of the other two types of stimulus. Significance. Therefore, a novel brain–computer interface (BCI) based on the designed stimulus has potential in neurorehabilitation applications because it simultaneously has the high accuracy of an SSMVEP (sim90% accuracy in a four-class setup) and the ability to activate the sensorimotor area.
Research of the behavior of metal plates subject to ice ball
Authors: Orlov M Yu , Glazyrin V P , Orlov Yu N 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The paper summarizes the results of ice destruction at shock loads (up to 1500 m/s). A brief literary review was sufficient for formulating research tasks, including impact experiment and a computational experiment. The results of impact experiment (≤159 m/s) were presented. The freezing temperature of ice samples varied from − 10°C to − 21°C. Similar pattern of ice destruction was noted in the quantitative test, which conducted especially for validation of the numerical method. The results of an underwater explosion of 4 kg of EE under 130-days-old “needle” ice cover are represented. Some capability of non-commercial software package is demonstrated. The impact resistance of single and double plates was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated. It was established that the plates could protect against impact by an ice ball only up to 500 m/s.
Experimental studies of the deformation properties of frozen soils under static and dynamic loads
Authors: Balandin V V , Kochetkov A V , Krylov S V , Modin I A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The results of experimental studies of the deformation properties of sand of different water saturation are presented. The studies were conducted for frozen and unfrozen sand in static and dynamic loading conditions. The medium in all cases exhibits nonlinear properties. Dynamic strain diagrams were obtained using the Kolsky method in the split Hopkinson rod system. Static compression tests of sand were carried out in an elastic cage with registration of lateral pressure. The dynamic strain diagrams differ markedly from the static ones for both frozen sand and unfrozen sand. The level of stress in dynamic compression is much higher than in static. The diagrams of static deformation of frozen and unfrozen dry sand practically coincide. With increasing water saturation, the stress level for frozen and unfrozen sand increases.