bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of feed-based bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila infections in hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.)
Authors: Monir Md. Shirajum , Yusoff Md Sabri bin Mohd , Zulperi Zarirah binti Mohamed , Hassim Hasliza binti Abu , Mohamad Aslah , Sofie Mohd Hafiz Ngoo Muhamad , Ina-Salwany Md Yasin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

Streptococcosis and Motile Aeromonad Septicemia (MAS) are important diseases of tilapia, Oreochromis spp. and causes huge economic losses in aquaculture globally. The feed-based vaccination may be an alternative to minimize major infectious diseases in tilapia. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the haemato-immunological responses and effectiveness of a newly developed feed-based killed bivalent vaccine against Streptococcus iniae and Aeromonas hydrophila in hybrid red tilapia. A total of 495 hybrid red tilapia of 61.23±4.95 g were distributed into 5 groups (each with triplicate). The fish were immunized orally through bivalent (combined S. iniae and A. hydrophila ) spray vaccine (BS group), bivalent formulate vaccine (BF group), monovalent S. iniae vaccine (MS group), monovalent A. hydrophila vaccine (MA group) and unvaccinated as a control group. The vaccine was orally administered on days 0, 14 and 42 applied feed-based bacterin at 5% body weight. The blood and spleen samples were collected from all groups on 7, 21 and 49 days post-vaccination, and also 96 hours post-infection to assess their haemato-immune responses.

Results

Compared with the unvaccinated group, leukocyte, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes counts in vaccinated groups were significantly ( P < 0.05) increased on 21, 49 days post-vaccination and also 96 hours post-infection, while erythrocytes, haemoglobin and haematocrit in vaccinated groups were significantly ( P < 0.05) enhanced only 96 hours post-infection. Additionally, the lysozyme and phagocytic activity and, serum antibody (IgM) were significantly higher ( P < 0.05) against S. iniae and A. hydrophila in vaccinated groups compared to the unvaccinated group in the pre- and post-infection. Results from the challenge through co-infection with S. iniae and A. hydrophila showed the relative percent survival (RPS) in BF group was 76.37±5.14%, which had the capacity to induce significant protection ( P < 0.05) compared to others groups.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the bivalent formulate (BF) group could elicit significant non-specific and specific immunological responses with higher protection in hybrid red tilapia. In addition, this newly developed feed-based bivalent vaccination can be a promising technique for effective and large scale fish immunization in the aquaculture industry.
Influence of Bacterial Organic Selenium on Blood Parameters, Immune Response, Selenium Retention and Intestinal Morphology of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Dalia A. M. , Loh T. C. , Sazili A. Q. , Samsudin Anjas Asmara 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Several studies indicated that dietary organic Se usually absorbed better than inorganic Se with high retention and bioavailability. Dietary Se as an antioxidant element affects the immune system and hematological status in animals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of bacterial selenium as organic source on hematology, immunity response, selenium retention and gut morphology in broiler chickens.Results The present results revealed that supplementation of inorganic Se was associated with the lowest level of RBC, HB, and PCV with significant difference than ADS18-Se. In the starter stage, both T2 and T5 were associated with the significantly highest IgG level compared to the basal diet, while all supplemented groups showed higher IgM level compared to control group. In the finisher phase, all Se supplemented groups showed significant (P ˂ 0.05) increases in IgG, IgA and IgM levels compared to T1. Birds fed bacterial-Se showed high intestinal villus height and better Se retention more than sodium selenite. Selenium of ADS18 had a superior action in improving Se retention compared to ADS1 and ADS2 bacterial Se.Conclusion Bacterial organic Se had a beneficial effect on villus height of small intestine led to high Se absorption and retention. Thus, caused better effect of Se on hematological parameters and immunity response.
Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease: A Study Of 67 Cases From Coastal South India&nbsp;
Authors: Achappa Basavaprabhu , Herath Nipuni Chamathka , Kini Jyoti Ramanath , Holla Ramesh , Sebastian Bodhi , Dsouza Nikhil Victor , Madi Deepak , Mahalingam Soundarya 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is a rare, benign condition, of unknown etiology, presenting as cervical lymphadenitis, usually tender and maybe associated with systemic symptoms. Despite the extensive literature on this disease, it continues to be misdiagnosed owing to its misleading clinical presentation. Results The mean age in our study was 26.9 (±11.3) years with a female majority of 65.7%. The clinical presentation of most cases was, tender swelling over the side of the neck ( n =50, 74.6%). On local examination, the mean length and width were 2.3 (±1.0) cm and 2.2 (±0.7) cm respectively. Histopathological examination revealed that most patients presented in the proliferative stage ( n =40, 59.7%). In 83.6% of the patients lymphadenopathy resolved in less than 2 months. Follow up of these patients over 9 months revealed that a vast majority of the patients underwent full recovery with symptomatic treatment ( n =42, 62.7%). Conclusions The disease is prevalent in young, female patients of Asian descent and often presents as cervical lymphadenopathy. Early diagnosis with excisional lymph node biopsy is crucial to avoid unnecessary investigations and treatment. Treatment is only symptomatic unless complicated, where steroid therapy is considered. Kikuchi’s disease has an excellent prognosis with almost no risk of fatality.
Radiotherapy for subependymal giant cell astrocytoma: time to challenge a historical ban? Case report and review of the literature.
Authors: Kamel Randa , Berge Dirk Leon Van den 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is a deep-seated benign but life-threatening brain tumor that occurs in patients with the tuberous sclerosis complex. Resection is the traditional treatment and expert opinion is strongly against the use of radiotherapy. Systematic epidemiological studies, however, demonstrate high rates of complications and recurrences. The need for efficient non-surgical treatment is best illustrated by the considerable enthusiasm about the activity of the mTOR inhibitor everolimus in reducing tumor volume. Unfortunately regrowth is frequent after dose reduction or cessation and continued tumor control requires continued administration of the drug, leading to concerns about its metabolic and immunosuppressive side effects and cost of treatment. Results We successfully treated a case with growing bilateral subependymal giant cell astrocytoma with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy before everolimus became available. After a follow-up of 8 years, everolimus was administered for renal angiomyolipoma and the patient was followed up until 13 years after radiotherapy. Successive MRI's demonstrated an 80% volume reduction after radiotherapy that further increased to 90% during everolimus administration. In order to review the basis for the strong expert opinion against radiotherapy, we performed an exhaustive literature study regarding efficiency, potential dangers and side effects of radiation. 1298 article references and 780 full-text articles in search of evidence for contra-indicating radiotherapy. Varying short-term tumor control of single-fraction radiosurgery were described in a total of 13 cases. Only in two published cases the radiation dose of fractionated radiotherapy was mentioned. A single publication mentions an induced secondary brain tumor 8 years after total brain irradiation. Conclusion There is no evidence for contra-indicating fractionated radiotherapy in subependymal giant cell astrocytoma. Our experience demonstrates that these tumors, as other benign intracranial tumors, responds slowly to radiotherapy and suggests that fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy holds promise to consolidate responses obtained with mTOR inhibitors avoiding regrowth after cessation. This combined treatment would avoid costs and complications of long-term treatment with everolimus and deserves to be studied as a definitive non-surgical treatment.
Joint injection practices in Pediatric Rheumatology - A global survey
Authors: Dhanrajani Anita , Khubchandani Raju P 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Intraarticular injections (IAI) were first reported in adult rheumatology in the 1950s and subsequently gained acceptance as a safe and efficacious treatment in Juvenile Idiopathic arthritis (JIA). IAIs are now widely performed and recommended as the initial or only treatment of Oligoarticular JIA and ancillary treatment of actively inflamed joints in other varieties of JIA. However, the performance of the procedure is not currently guided by standardized recommendations, thereby several practice variations are observed.Methods: This worldwide survey of pediatric rheumatologists (with 50% response from Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization: PRINTO and Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group: PRCSG members) captures the differences in pre-procedural, procedural and post procedural protocols observed across the globe and asks the necessity of developing consensus in this area of Pediatric Rheumatology. Results: This worldwide survey of Pediatric Rheumatologists had a response rate of almost 50% and captured the differences in IAI protocols observed across the globe. Conclusions: Consensus plans are needed to ensure uniformity in this widely used procedure in Pediatric Rheumatology.
Lower-Limb Explosive Power did not Improve during 8 Weeks of Integrative Military Physical Training
Authors: Ma jizheng , HU Fei , HUANG Qiang Nian , JIA Wei , DING Ming Chao , ZHANG Xin Peng , XU Sheng Jia , TIAN Dong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective: Military populations require a range of physical capabilities to meet the demands of the military profession. It is not known whether a specific within-session balance of the core components of physical fitness provides more effective training adaptations. The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of combinations of high-intensity endurance training, resistance training, anaerobic training and plyometric training. Methods: Twenty-eight healthy young cadets participated in an 8-week training program. Training was performed 6 days per week. Testing occurred before and after the 8-week training regimen. The pre- and post-training measures included the basic physiological and performance levels.Results: Physiological indices, such heart rate, heart rate variability, anaerobic power and maximal oxygen uptake, responded positively to training (P < 0.05). The components of physical fitness, such as muscle maximal strength and endurance, 600 all-out effort, 5000-m run time and 18-km military load carriage, were also significantly improved (P > 0.05). However, the jump capacity did not significantly increase. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that during short-term integrative training, the lower-limb muscle maximal power did not improve. Given that many military tasks demand explosive (power) abilities, a switch to integrative training may have far greater consequences for transferring the benefits of the training program to military human performance.
DL-3-n-butylphthalide improves cerebral hypoperfusion in patients with large cerebral artherosclerotic stenosis. A single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Authors: Chen dawei , Shi Jin , Yin Yanwei , Yang Fen , Wang Kehua , Zhao Faguo , Li Wenping , Li Bin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) was demonstrated to increase the cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the animal models, but there are no clinic studies to verify this. We aimed to explore the effect of NBP on improving cerebral hypoperfusion caused by cerebral large-vessel stenosis. Methods: In this single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 120 patients with severe carotid atherosclerotic stenosis and cerebral hypoperfusion in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) were included and randomly assigned into the NBP or placebo group as 1:1 radio. Patients in NBP and placebo group received 200mg and 20mg of NBP capsules three times daily for four weeks respectively. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were used to assess regional CBF (rCBF) in four regions of interest (ROIs) corresponding to MCA before and 12 weeks after the treatment. The rC BF change for every ROI and the CBF change in whole MCA territory for every patient after therapy were classified into amelioration, stabilization and deterioration respectively. Results: 48 NBP patients (6 with bilateral stenosis) and 46 placebo patients (8 with bilateral stenosis) completed the trial. Both groups had 54 stenotic carotid arteries and 216 ROIs for rCBF change analysis. After therapy, the rCBF in ROIs increased in NBP group (83.5%±11.4% vs. 85.8%±12.5%, p=0.000), but had no change in placebo group (86.9%±11.6% vs. 87.8%±11.7%, p=0.331). There was higher percentages of ROIs with rCBF amelioration and stabilization in NBP group than in placebo group (93.1% vs. 79.2%, p=0.000). Ordinal regression analysis showed that NBP independently made more patients to have whole CBF amelioration in ipsilateral MCA than placebo (Wald-χ2=5.247, OR=3.31, p=0.022). Conclusions: NBP may improve the cerebral hypoperfusion in the patients with carotid artery atherosclerotic stenosis. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900028005, registered December 8th 2019- Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=45490&htm=4.
Coverage Validation survey for lymphatic filariasis treatment in Itang special district of Gambella regional state of Ethiopia; Cross sectional study
Authors: Teshome Abinet , Zerdo Zerihun , Asnakew Mekuria , Churko Chuchu , Yihune Manaye , Chisha Yilma , Getachew Birhanu , Nigussu Nebiyu , Seife Fikre 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Coverage validation survey provides a more precise estimate of preventive chemotherapy coverage and avoids the biases, as well as some of the errors that can affect reported coverage. This coverage validation survey was done to know the difference between the reported coverage from district of Itang special for Ivermectin and Albendazole given for Lymphatic Filariasis with the actual coverage in the selected district. Methods Itang special district from Gambella region was purposively selected for lymphatic filariasis treatment coverage survey. The survey was done by using segments from each district whereby 30 segments were selected from the district. The name of the kebeles and the segments where the survey was carried out were selected by using random selection method. After getting the total number of households in each selected kebele from the village chief the number of segments to be visited was computed by dividing the number of households to 50 and 16 households were visited from each segment and eligible individuals aged 5 and above were interviewed. Data for variables related to coverage of the IVM plus ALB were collected using Survey CTO software. Location of each household and the kebele chief office was recorded by using Global positioning system. Information about the kebele including population size, number of households in the kebele, last dates of mass drug administration were gathered primarily from village chiefs when available and headmasters and health extension workers when unavailable. Results The coverage validation survey result shows that the coverage for lymphatic Filariasis treatment was 81.5% in Itang special district of Gambella regional state. From 825 individuals that reported that they were offered the treatment 823(99.6%) swallowed the drug. The main reason for not being offered ivermectin and Albendazole during the mass drug administration campaigns because they were missing class during those dates (37.2%). Conclusion The data collected from Itang special woreda of Gambella Region shows that the treatment coverage is higher than the recommended coverage of 65% of the target population should be treated. Different factors play a role for this achievement including using different treatment sites such as schools, community centers and home to home by using health development armies for those children not attending schools and for nomadic communities such as the one in Gambella Regional state. Keywords Lymphatic Filariasis, Ivermectin, Albendazole, Coverage
A comparison between pylorus-preserving and distal gastrectomy in surgical safety and functional benefit with gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mao Xinyu , Xu Xinlei , Zhu Hua , Ji Chunpeng , Lu Xu , Wang Baolin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Due to better functional outcomes, pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) has been widely applied for early gastric cancer (EGC) patients as an alternative to distal gastrectomy (DG). However, controversies still persist regarding the surgical efficacy and oncological safety of PPG.Methods: Original studies compared PPG and DG for EGC were searched in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials up to December 2019. The weight mean difference, standardized mean difference or odds risk were used to calculate the short-term and long-term outcomes between the two groups.Results: Twenty-one non-randomized controlled studies comprising 4871 patients (1955 in the PPG group and 2916 in the DG group) were enrolled in this systematic review and meta-analysis. PPG showed longer hospital day, decreased harvested lymph nodes and more delayed gastric emptying. However, PPG had the benefits of lower incidence of anastomosis leakage, early dumping syndrome, gastritis and bile reflux and better recovery of total protein, albumin. hemoglobin and weight. No difference was found in operative time, blood loss and overall complications. Moreover, the long-term survival and recurrence rate were similar in two groups.Conclusion: Owing to the non-inferiority of surgery and oncology outcomes and the superiority of function outcomes in PPG, we revealed that PPG can be clinically applicable instead of DG in EGC. However, more high-quality comparative studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) would be required for further confirmation.
Kuantum Kodlar
Authors: DERTLİ Abdullah , ÇENGELLENMİŞ Yasemin 
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada,u2=1,v3=v ,uv=vu,q=pm ve p tek asal sayı olmak üzere R=Fq+uFq +vFq+uvFq+v2Fq+uv2Fq halkası üzerindeki devirli kodlar kullanılarak Fq üzerindeki kuantum kodlar elde edildi. Ayrıca, Fq üzerindeki kuantum kodların parametreleri belirlendi. Bazı örnekler verildi
A Novel Sentinel Lymph Node Approach in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kågedal Åsa , Margolin Gregori , Held Cornelia , da Silva Pedro F. N. , Piersiala Krzysztof , Munck-Wikland Eva , Jacobsson Hans , Häyry Valtteri , Cardell Lars O. 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Occult metastases are common in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)
which is why elective neck dissection, adjuvant radiotherapy or watchful waiting have been treatment options
after surgical removal of the primary tumour. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has lately emerged as a novel
possibility in treatment planning.

Objectives:
To establish a reliable and clinically useful protocol for SLNB in staging/elective neck dissection in
oral cancer.

Methods:
Fourteen consecutive patients with T1-T2 N0 oral cancer were enrolled when scheduled for elective
neck dissection.

Results:
This study outlines various techniques for improving SLNB in head and neck cancer. After evaluation, a
combination of techniques was found to constitute a reliable, clinically adaptable work concept. The suggested
procedure starts with the pre-surgical injection of radioactive technetium 99Tcm carried on tilmanocept (Lymphoseek
®) at the tumour site. The radioactivity in the lymph node is then visualized preoperatively with Single
Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT). Intraoperatively, indocyanine green (ICG) is injected and
a sentinel node is visualized with near-infrared light. To support the sentinel node detection, the surgeon uses a
hand-held gamma detection probe. This approach results in a reproducible and reliable detection of sentinel
nodes.

Conclusion:
This paper presents a novel protocol for the identification of the sentinel node in the head and neck
region. The protocol additionally enables the use of flow cytometry analysis of resected lymph nodes.
Fluoxetine Protects against Dendritic Spine Loss in Middle-aged APPswe/PSEN1dE9 Double Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Mice
Authors: Ma Jing , Gao Yuan , Tang Wei , Huang Wei , Tang Yong 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Studies have suggested that cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated
with dendritic spine loss, especially in the hippocampus. Fluoxetine (FLX) has been shown to improve
cognition in the early stage of AD and to be associated with diminishing synapse degeneration in the
hippocampus. However, little is known about whether FLX affects the pathogenesis of AD in the middle-tolate
stage and whether its effects are correlated with the amelioration of hippocampal dendritic dysfunction.
Previously, it has been observed that FLX improves the spatial learning ability of middleaged APP/PS1 mice.

Objective:
In the present study, we further characterized the impact of FLX on dendritic spines in the hippocampus
of middle-aged APP/PS1 mice.

Results:
It has been found that the numbers of dendritic spines in dentate gyrus (DG), CA1 and CA2/3 of hippocampus
were significantly increased by FLX. Meanwhile, FLX effectively attenuated hyperphosphorylation
of tau at Ser396 and elevated protein levels of postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) and synapsin-1 (SYN-1) in
the hippocampus.

Conclusion:
These results indicated that the enhanced learning ability observed in FLX-treated middle-aged
APP/PS1 mice might be associated with remarkable mitigation of hippocampal dendritic spine pathology by
FLX and suggested that FLX might be explored as a new strategy for therapy of AD in the middle-to-late
stage.