bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic impact of micropapillary component in patients with node‐negative subcentimeter lung adenocarcinoma: A Chinese cohort study
Authors: Yao Jie , Zhu Erjia , Li Ming , Liu Jinshi , Zhang Lei , Ke Honggang , Su Hang , Xie Huikang , Xu Guanxin , Zhu Ling , Fan Junqiang , Chen Chang ,   Surgical Thoracic Alliance of Rising Star Collaborative Group
Published: October 2020

BackgroundIn this study, we investigated the prognostic significance of a micropapillary (MP) component in patients with subcentimeter lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsA total of 311 patients with subcentimeter lung adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical resection between January 2009 to December 2012 from seven medical centers were included. Recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed.ResultsThe five‐year RFS was 79.8% in 97 (97/311, 31%) cases of adenocarcinoma with a MP component and 93.5% in the 214 (214/311, 69%) cases without. In multivariate analysis, MP was an independent risk factor for worse RFS (hazard ratio [HR], 3.73; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.87–7.42; P < 0.001) and OS (HR, 5.84; 95% CI: 2.20–15.49; P < 0.001). There was no significant difference among wedge resection, segmentectomy and lobectomy on RFS (P = 0.256) and OS (P = 0.103) in patients without MP. Regarding patients with a MP component, lobectomy achieved equivalent prognosis than segmentectomy, and both were better than wedge resection (P = 0.001).ConclusionsA MP component still suggest a poor prognosis in subcentimeter lung adenocarcinoma. Patients with subcentimeter lung adenocarcinoma with a MP component of 5% or greater treated with wedge resection were at higher risk of recurrence than patients treated with anatomical resection.
Copy number variation in HOXB7 and HOXB8 involves in the formation of beard trait in chickens
Authors: Yang K. X. , Zhou H. , Ding J. M. , He C. , Niu Q. , Gu C. J. , Zhou Z. X. , Meng H. , Huang Q. Z. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe derived feathering phenotype beard in domestic birds is an ideal resource to investigate the genetic mechanisms controlling feather development and differentiation. In the present study, we performed a GWAS and QTL linkage analysis on the trait of beard in Beijing fatty chicken. One major QTL (1.2–1.9 Mb) was identified that could explain 34% of the phenotypic variation. The copy number variation that was copied from the region (GGA27:3 578 409–3 592 890 bp) containing homebox B7 (HOXB7) and homebox B8 (HOXB8) was validated to be only exhibited in the genome of bearded chickens. Protein–protein interaction analysis indicated that HOXB7 and HOXB8 proteins could highly interact with the HOXB family members, including HOXB4, HOXB5 and HOXB6, whose genomic locations near HOXB7 and HOXB8 suggested that they may regulate their family members to involve in the formation of the beard trait in chickens. Overall, our work provides basic data for understanding the mechanisms regulating beard development and differentiation.
Genome‐wide association study identifies markers associated with carcass and meat quality traits in Italian Large White pigs
Authors: Fabbri M. C. , Zappaterra M. , Davoli R. , Zambonelli P. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryA GWAS was performed using the genotypes obtained by PorcineSNP60 v2 BeadChip and 11 phenotypic traits (carcass lean meat percentage; backfat thickness; Longissimus thoracis muscle thickness; lightness; backfat thickness measured with caliper at the midline; meat pH measured at about 1 h post mortem and 24 h post mortem; CIE L*, a* and b* color parameters; and water‐holding capacity). Three markers were associated with three of the phenotypic traits considered: M1GA0009592 (SSC7) with backfat thickness and lean meat content, DIAS0002910 (SSC6) and ALGA0109856 (SSC6) with water‐holding capacity. The marker M1GA0009592, associated with backfat thickness, lies in a QTL region near the gene JARID2, which is a transcription factor also involved in the regulation of adipose‐derived stem cell pluripotency. The results seem to indicate a possible role of these genomic regions in the regulation of pig carcass fatness (i.e. backfat at last rib) and water‐holding capacity.
A murine model of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis using the topical application of a vitamin D3 analog
Authors: Kagoya Ryoji , Kondo Kenji , Kishimoto‐Urata Megumi , Shimizu Yuya , Kikuta Shu , Yamasoba Tatsuya 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundEosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, characterized by eosinophilic infiltration, T‐helper type 2 (Th2‐type) response, and olfactory dysfunction. A master regulator of Th2‐type inflammation, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), is important for basophil activation. TSLP‐elicited basophils are a key factor in the pathogenesis of ECRS.MethodsIn order to elucidate the mechanisms of ECRS in humans, we aimed to establish a murine model of ECRS based on TSLP production in response to the topical application of MC903 (a vitamin D3 analog) and the subsequent TSLP‐induced basophil activation. Histological analyses were performed to assess immune cell infiltration into the nasal mucosa and to explore the impact of eosinophilic inflammation on the olfactory epithelium. The status of Th2‐type inflammation was evaluated by quantitative real‐time PCR and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsEosinophils, basophils, and M2 macrophages increased significantly in the nasal mucosa of the mice treated with MC903 and ovalbumin (OVA), compared to those treated with OVA alone or the controls. Quantitative real‐time PCR and ELISA revealed elevated expression of interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13, TSLP, the chemokine CCL11, and CCL24 in the nasal mucosa of the ECRS mice. In parallel, thinned olfactory epithelium and decreased mature olfactory sensory neurons were observed in the ECRS mice.ConclusionsOur model of ECRS displayed Th2‐type inflammation in the sinonasal region, including both eosinophil infiltration and basophil infiltration. Additionally, olfactory epithelium turned out to be affected by eosinophilic inflammation. These features are consistent with the characteristics of the human ECRS.
Fetal macrosomia in home and birth center births in the United States: Maternal, fetal, and newborn outcomes
Authors: Pillai Sabrina , Cheyney Melissa , Everson Courtney L. , Bovbjerg Marit L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundFetal macrosomia is associated with negative outcomes, although less is known about how severities of macrosomia influence these outcomes. Planned community births in the United States have higher rates of gestational age‐adjusted macrosomia than planned hospital births, providing a novel population to examine macrosomia morbidity.MethodsMaternal and neonatal outcomes associated with grade 1 (4000‐4499 g), grade 2 (4500‐4999 g), and grade 3 (≥5000 g) macrosomia were compared to normal birthweight newborns (2500‐3999 g), using data from the MANA Statistics Project—a registry of planned community births, 2012‐2018 (n = 68 966). Outcomes included perineal trauma, postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean birth, neonatal birth injury, shoulder dystocia, neonatal respiratory distress, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay >24 hours, and perinatal death. Logistic regressions controlled for parity and mode of birth, obesity, gestational diabetes, and preeclampsia.ResultsSixteen percent of the sample were grade 1 macrosomic, 3.3% were grade 2 macrosomic, and 0.4% were grade 3 macrosomic. Macrosomia grades 1‐3 were associated in a dose‐response fashion with higher odds of all outcomes, compared to non‐macrosomia. The adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for postpartum hemorrhage for grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 macrosomia vs normal birthweight were 1.75 (1.56‐1.96), 2.12 (1.70‐2.63), and 5.18 (3.47‐7.74), respectively. Other outcomes had similar patterns.DiscussionThe adjusted odds of negative outcomes increase as grade of macrosomia increases in planned community births; results are comparable with the published literature. Pre‐birth fetal weight estimation is imprecise; prenatal supports and shared decision‐making processes should reflect these complexities.
Lectin drug conjugate therapy for colorectal cancer
Authors: Kitaguchi Daichi , Oda Tatsuya , Enomoto Tsuyoshi , Ohara Yusuke , Owada Yohei , Akashi Yoshimasa , Furuta Tomoaki , Yu Yang , Kimura Sota , Kuroda Yukihito , Kurimori Ko , Miyazaki Yoshihiro , Furuya Kinji , Shimomura Osamu , Tateno Hiroaki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDrug resistance represents an obstacle in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment because of its association with poor prognosis. rBC2LCN is a lectin isolated from Burkholderia that binds cell surface glycans that have fucose moieties. Because fucosylation is enhanced in many types of cancers, this lectin could be an efficient drug carrier if CRC cells specifically present such glycans. Therefore, we examined the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of lectin drug conjugate therapy in CRC mouse xenograft models. The affinity of rBC2LCN for human CRC cell lines HT‐29, LoVo, LS174T, and DLD‐1 was assessed in vitro. The cytocidal efficacy of a lectin drug conjugate, rBC2LCN‐38 kDa domain of pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE38) was evaluated by MTT assay. The therapeutic effects and toxicity for each CRC cell line‐derived mouse xenograft model were compared between the intervention and control groups. LS174T and DLD‐1 cell lines showed a strong affinity for rBC2LCN. In the xenograft model, the tumor volume in the rBC2LCN‐PE38 group was significantly reduced compared with that using control treatment alone. However, the HT‐29 cell line showed weak affinity and poor therapeutic efficacy. No significant toxicities or adverse responses were observed. In conclusion, we demonstrated that rBC2LCN lectin binds CRC cells and that rBC2LCN‐PE38 significantly suppresses tumor growth in vivo. In addition, the efficacy of the drug conjugate correlated with its binding affinity for each CRC cell line. These results suggest that lectin drug conjugate therapy has potential as a novel targeted therapy for CRC cell surface glycans.
Fingerprint‐based computational models of 5‐lipo‐oxygenase activating protein inhibitors: Activity prediction and structure clustering
Authors: Tu Guiping , Qin Zijian , Huo Donghui , Zhang Shengde , Yan Aixia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInflammatory diseases can be treated by inhibiting 5‐lipo‐oxygenase activating protein (FLAP). In this study, a data set containing 2,112 FLAP inhibitors was collected. A total of 25 classification models were built by five machine learning algorithms with five different types of fingerprints. The best model, which was built by support vector machine algorithm with ECFP_4 fingerprint had an accuracy and a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.862 and 0.722 on the test set, respectively. The predicted results were further evaluated by the application domain dSTD‐PRO (a distance between one compound to models). Each compound had a dSTD‐PRO value, which was calculated by the predicted probabilities obtained from all 25 models. The application domain results suggested that the reliability of predicted results depended mainly on the compounds themselves rather than algorithms or fingerprints. A group of customized 10‐bit fingerprint was manually defined for clustering the molecular structures of 2,112 FLAP inhibitors into eight subsets by K‐Means. According to the clustering results, most of inhibitors in two subsets (subsets 2 and 4) were highly active inhibitors. We found that aryl oxadiazole/oxazole alkanes, biaryl amino‐heteroarenes, two aromatic rings (often N‐containing) linked by a cyclobutene group, and 1,2,4‐triazole group were typical fragments in highly active inhibitors.
Prediction of survival rate and effect of drugs on cancer patients with somatic mutations of genes: An AI‐based approach
Authors: Saurabh Rochi , Nandi Sutanu , Sinha Noopur , Shukla Mudita , Sarkar Ram Rup 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe causal role of somatic mutation and its interrelationship with gene expression profile during tumor development has already been observed, which plays a major role to decide the cancer grades and overall survival. Accurate and robust prediction of tumor grades and patients’ overall survival are important for prognosis, risk factors identification and betterment of the treatment strategy, especially for highly lethal tumors, like gliomas. Here, with the help of more accurate and widely used machine learning‐based approaches, we propose an integrative computational pipeline that incorporates somatic mutations and gene expression profile for survival and grade prediction of glioma patients and simultaneously relates it to the drugs to be administered. This study gives us a clear understanding that the same drug is not effective for the treatment of same grade of cancer if the gene mutations are different. The alteration in a specific gene plays a very important role in tumor progression and should also be considered for the selection of appropriate drugs. This proposed framework includes all the necessary factors required for enhancement of therapeutic designs and could be useful for clinicians in determining an accurate and personalized treatment strategy for individual patients suffering from different life threatening diseases.
Spectrum of deep learning algorithms in drug discovery
Authors: Piroozmand Firoozeh , Mohammadipanah Fatemeh , Sajedi Hedieh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDeep learning (DL) algorithms are a subset of machine learning algorithms with the aim of modeling complex mapping between a set of elements and their classes. In parallel to the advance in revealing the molecular bases of diseases, a notable innovation has been undertaken to apply DL in data/libraries management, reaction optimizations, differentiating uncertainties, molecule constructions, creating metrics from qualitative results, and prediction of structures or interactions. From source identification to lead discovery and medicinal chemistry of the drug candidate, drug delivery, and modification, the challenges can be subjected to artificial intelligence algorithms to aid in the generation and interpretation of data. Discovery and design approach, both demand automation, large data management and data fusion by the advance in high‐throughput mode. The application of DL can accelerate the exploration of drug mechanisms, finding novel indications for existing drugs (drug repositioning), drug development, and preclinical and clinical studies. The impact of DL in the workflow of drug discovery, design, and their complementary tools are highlighted in this review. Additionally, the type of DL algorithms used for this purpose, and their pros and cons along with the dominant directions of future research are presented.
Ab interno vs ab externo microcatheter‐assisted trabeculotomy for primary congenital glaucoma with clear cornea
Authors: Shi Yan , Wang Huaizhou , Oatts Julius , Cao Kai , Xin Chen , Liang Xintong , Tian Jiaxin , Han Ying , Wang Ningli 
Published: October 2020

AbstractImportanceThis is the first comprehensive comparison between ab interno approach and ab externo approach for microcatheter‐assisted trabeculotomy in primary congenital glaucoma with clear cornea.BackgroundAb externo microcatheter‐assisted trabeculotomy is considered to be the gold standard for primary congenital glaucoma. The novel ab interno approach would intuitively be similar to ab externo approach for microcatheter‐assisted trabeculotomy in eyes with clear cornea; however, there is no evidence yet.DesignNon‐contemporary comparison of retrospective case series.ParticipantsFifty‐eight and fifty‐seven consecutive primary congenital glaucoma eyes with clear corneas underwent ab interno and ab externo microcatheter‐assisted trabeculotomy, respectively.MethodsRetrospective comparison of clinical outcomes.Main Outcome MeasuresSurgical success was defined as a postoperative intraocular pressure of ≤21 mmHg with at least a 30% reduction from preoperative IOP with or without the use of anti‐glaucoma medication (qualified and complete success, respectively).ResultsThe qualified success rate (87.9% vs 82.2%, P = .40) and complete success rates (81.0% vs 73.3%, P = .32) were comparable between groups. Complications were minimal and comparable. Less than 360° trabeculotomy (P = .009) and a higher number of previous surgeries (P = .03) were both associated with worse surgical outcomes.Conclusions and RelevanceAb interno approach provide good and comparable outcomes as ab externo approach for microcatheter‐assisted trabeculotomy in primary congenital glaucoma eyes with clear cornea. It should be considered as the initial choice in these patients with the benefit of sparing conjunctiva. Successful trabeculotomy with either technique during the first attempt is critical to overall success and underscores the need for proficiency before independent practice.
Degree of employment, sick leave, and costs following notification of occupational contact dermatitis—A register‐based study
Authors: Dietz Jojo B. , Menné Torkil , Meyer Harald W. , Viskum Sven , Flyvholm Mari‐Ann , Ahrensbøll‐Friis Ulrik , John Swen M. , Johansen Jeanne D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundOccupational contact dermatitis (OCD) is the most commonly recognized occupational disease in Denmark.ObjectivesTo examine the impact of recognized OCD on degree of employment, sick leave, unemployment, and job change.MethodsData on all recognized individuals with OCD notified in Denmark between 2010 and 2015 (n = 8940) were linked to information on social transfer payments in the years before and after notification. The number of weeks on unemployment benefits or sick leave and the degree of employment during the 2 years prior to notification was compared with the 2 years following notification.ResultsThe degree of employment decreased on average 8.9 work‐hours/month, corresponding to an average annual loss of income per worker of approximately €1570. The average number of weeks that workers were receiving unemployment benefits and paid long‐term sick leave rose by 2.5 and 3.4 weeks, respectively, corresponding to an average additional annual cost per worker of approximately €420 and €770, respectively. Longer case‐processing time was significantly associated with lower degree of employment and higher levels of unemployment and sick leave.ConclusionsOCD has a significant negative impact on employment and economics, thus highlighting the need for a national, strategic action plan for effective prevention of OCD.
The combination of pretreatment prognostic nutritional index and neuron‐specific enolase enhances prognosis predicting value of small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Chunyan , Jin Shi , Xu Shanqi , Cao Shoubo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionTumor and immune‐inflammatory biomarkers have been demonstrated to be closely associated with cancer prognosis.ObjectiveThe present study aims to assess the prognostic value of pretreatment prognostic nutritional index (PNI), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).MethodsA retrospective analysis of 301 SCLC patients treated with platinum‐based chemotherapy was performed. Overall survival (OS) was assessed by Kaplan–Meier and multivariate Cox hazard analyses.ResultsThe median OS for total cases was 15.0 months. On univariate analysis, tumor stage (P < 0.001), pretreatment PNI (P < 0.001), CEA (P = 0.039), NSE (P = 0.010), distant metastasis numbers (P < 0.001), and thoracic radiotherapy (P < 0.001) were found to be the predictors of OS. Multivariate analysis showed limited stage, high PNI, NSE < 15 μg/L, and chemoradiotherapy were positive independent prognostic factors (P < 0.05). Low PNI and NSE ≥ 15 μg/L were closely correlated with a high tumor burden status. Three cohorts of SCLC with significant different survival outcomes were divided based on variable PNI and NSE levels. Patients with high PNI and NSE < 15 μg/L showed the best OS of 24.5 months, while patients with low PNI and NSE ≥ 15 μg/L had the worst survival outcome of 10.0 months. Patients with low PNI and NSE < 15 μg/L or high PNI and NSE ≥ 15 μg/L had the similar outcome of 16.5 and 17.0 months, respectively.ConclusionsPretreatment PNI and NSE were independent prognostic factors of SCLC. The combination of PNI and NSE enhanced the OS predicting ability, and patients with high PNI and NSE < 15 μg/L had the best survival outcome.
Speckle tracking echocardiography can predict subclinical myocardial involvement in patients with sarcoidosis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Barssoum Kirolos , Altibi Ahmed M. , Rai Devesh , Kumar Ashish , Kharsa Adnan , Chowdhury Medhat , Thakkar Samarthkumar , Shahid Sara , Abdelazeem Mohamed , Abuzaid Ahmed Sami , Baibhav Bipul , Parikh Vishal , Feitell Scott C. , Balmer‐Swain Mallory , Rao Mohan , Amsallem Myriam , Nanda Navin C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis meta‐analysis aims to evaluate the utility of speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) as a tool to evaluate for cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) early in its course. Electrocardiography and echocardiography have limited sensitivity in this role, while advanced imaging modalities such as cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET) are limited by cost and availability.MethodsWe compiled English language articles that reported left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) or global circumferential strain (GCS) in patients with confirmed extra‐cardiac sarcoidosis versus healthy controls. Studies that exclusively included patients with probable or definite CS were excluded. Continuous data were pooled as a standard mean difference (SMD), comparing sarcoidosis group with healthy controls. A random‐effect model was adopted in all analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed using Q and I2 statistics.ResultsNine studies were included in our final analysis with an aggregate of 967 patients. LVGLS was significantly lower in the extra‐cardiac sarcoidosis group as compared with controls, SMD −3.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): −5.32, −2.64, P < .001, also was significantly lower in patients who suffered major cardiac events (MCE), −3.89, 95% CI −6.14, −1.64, P < .001. GCS was significantly lower in the extra‐cardiac sarcoidosis group as compared with controls, SMD: −3.33, 95% CI −4.71, −1.95, P < .001.ConclusionLVGLS and GCS were significantly lower in extra‐cardiac sarcoidosis patients despite not exhibiting any cardiac symptoms. LVGLS correlates with MCEs in CS. Further studies are required to investigate the role of STE in the early screening of CS.