bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of technology‐enhanced learning to improve periodontics educational outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Berry Maria C. de C. , de M. Neto Joao M. , de Souza Maria Isabel de C. , Figueredo Carlos Marcelo da S. , Reher Vanessa , Evans Jane L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesTechnology‐enhanced learning (TEL) has been suggested as a suitable learner‐centered pedagogical approach in dental education. However, the results of TEL effectiveness in periodontics education are controversial. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of TEL to improve educational outcomes in the periodontics field compared to traditional learning methods.MethodsThe search comprised randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and crossover studies that were related to periodontics education from the following databases: MedLine, PsycINFO, Eric, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Two authors independently performed study selection, data extraction, and assessed risk of bias. Kirkpatrick's 4‐level evaluation model was used to evaluate educational outcomes.ResultsFrom 1642 studies, after applying inclusion criteria, 7 studies remained for analysis. On level 1 (Reaction), undergraduate dental students reported positive attitudes related to TEL. On level 2 (Learning), 3 studies found that TEL improved knowledge gain compared to traditional learning methods. Three other studies did not show any difference between TEL and conventional learning methods, and one found that traditional learning methods presented superior results. On level 3 (Behavior), 1 study found that TEL application improved students’ performance. On level 4 (Results), 5 studies suggested that the implementation of TEL would improve educational outcomes in periodontics education if combined with traditional learning methods.ConclusionThe findings showed that the exclusive use of TEL does not significantly improve periodontics educational outcomes when compared to traditional learning methods. However, the combination of TEL and traditional learning methods can be the key to enhancing periodontics education.
Intraprofessional education with dental hygienists: The post training impact on dentists
Authors: Satter Kimber E.G. , Jackson Sarah C. , DiMarco Arthur C. , Nagasawa Pamela R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurpose/objectivesGenerally, dental and dental hygiene (DH) students are educated separately. When these students are educated together, studies show improvements in teamwork and understanding of their distinct roles. This longitudinal study was conducted to see if intraprofessional education (IntraPE) between dental and DH students can impact dentists in practice. Specifically, this study examined the attitudes of graduates from the University of Washington School of Dentistry (UWSOD), some of whom participated in the Regional Initiative in Dental Education (RIDE) program. The RIDE program, designed to meet the needs of underserved populations, combines courses of 8 first‐year dental students with 30–36 Eastern Washington University DH students.MethodsIn 2018, all 409 UWSOD dentists from 2012–2017, including 48 RIDE and 361 non‐RIDE dentists, were invited to participate in this study. Attitudes toward teamwork and roles and responsibilities were assessed using qualitative and quantitative measures. The RIDE and non‐RIDE responses were compared and tested using t‐tests for statistical significance.ResultsA total of 77 responses were analyzed with a response rate of 54% (n = 26) for RIDE and 14% (n = 51) for non‐RIDE. Results show the RIDE program improved attitudes toward DH in practice. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in understanding roles and responsibilities, but not teamwork. The majority of non‐RIDE dentists (n = 26, 51%) felt their education would have benefited from formal IntraPE.ConclusionTo improve attitudes, dental schools should consider formal partnerships between dental and DH programs, specifically in clinical settings.
Hepatic osteodystrophy and fracture risk prediction using FRAX tool in Indian patients with cirrhosis
Authors: De Arka , Ray Debadrita , Lamoria Sandeep , Sharma Vishal , Khurana Tilak Raj 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThe main clinical relevance of hepatic osteodystrophy is the increased risk of fractures. Dual‐energy X ray absorptiometry (DEXA)‐based assessment of bone mineral density, the current gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis, is not the sole determinant of fracture risk. Other clinical risk factors also play an important role. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence and risk factors of hepatic osteodystrophy and estimate the entailed fracture risk by using the FRAX tool in a cohort of Indian cirrhotics.MethodsConsecutive patients with cirrhosis (n = 120) were recruited. Etiologic workup, liver function tests, serum calcium, phosphate, 25(OH)D, HbA1c, and DEXA scan were performed. Hepatic osteodystrophy was defined as a T score of < −1. FRAX scores were calculated using the Indian calculator.ResultsThe study cohort was predominantly male (86.7%) with a median age of 49 (40–65) years. Alcohol was the most common etiology (80%). All patients had Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh class B (63.3%) or class B (36.7%) cirrhosis. Hepatic osteodystrophy was present in 83.3% patients. On multivariate analysis, smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 3.1 [1.76–4.7], P < 0.001) and serum 25(OH)D (OR: 0.23 [0.09–0.94]; P = 0.03) showed significant association with hepatic osteodystrophy. The 10‐year probability of major osteoporotic fracture and hip fracture was 5.7% (2.1–28.9) and 2.5% (1.4–7.4), respectively. Using a FRAX probability cut‐off of 20% for major osteoporotic fracture and 3% for hip fracture, 30% patients qualified for osteoporosis treatment.ConclusionHepatic osteodystrophy is widely prevalent among Indian patients with cirrhosis and entails a high risk of fractures. Approximately one‐third of patients with cirrhosis need treatment to reduce the risk of osteoporotic fractures.
Clinical outcomes of 402 patients with COVID‐2019 from a single center in Wuhan, China
Authors: Wu Yingjie , Guo Wei , Liu Huan , Qi Bei , Liang Ke , Xu Haibo , Peng Zhiyong , Xiao Shu‐Yuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe outbreak of SARS‐CoV‐2 has become a pandemic with significant mortality. Published studies described clinical characteristics of the disease contain small cohorts from individual centers or larger series consisting of mixed series from multiple different hospitals. We report here analyses of mortality and disease severity among 402 patients from a single hospital. The cohort includes 297 patients with confirmed and 105 with clinical diagnosis. The latter group consists of cases with inconclusive nucleic acid test but meeting the criteria for clinical diagnosis. Data are compared between sexes and among different age groups. The overall case fatality is 5.2%. However, age at 70 years or older is associated with a significantly higher mortality (17.8%) and higher rate of severe and critical illness (57.5%). Case fatality is 8% in patients 50 years of age or older, and 1.2% in those younger than 50 years. In addition, case fatality is 7.6% in male patients, as opposed to 2.9% in females, demonstrating a clear sex difference.
The secret life of pets: The intersection of animals and organizational life
Authors: Kelemen Thomas K. , Matthews Samuel H. , Wan Min (Maggie) , Zhang Yejun 
Published: June 2020

SummaryAlthough often overlooked, pets and other animals intersect with organizations in interesting, important ways. We seek to define how various animals intersect with organizations, highlight opportunities for theory development, and illustrate important areas for future research. We also explore how pandemics such as COVID‐19 might affect the animals we highlight.
Hypoglycemic effect and bioactive compounds associated with the ripening stages of the Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché fruit
Authors: Moya‐Hernández Araceli , Bosquez‐Molina Elsa , Verde‐Calvo José Ramón , Blancas‐Flores Gerardo , Trejo‐Aguilar Gloria Maribel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe fruit of Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché is known in Mexico as ‘chilacayote’. The scientific interest that C. ficifolia Bouché has acquired is due to its important hypoglycemic effect. The present research aimed (i) to discover whether this hypoglycemic property is present at different stages of development of this fruit, and (ii) to characterize some bioactive compounds with antioxidant or anti‐inflammatory properties. Ethylene production, respiration rate, and maturity indices were determined during fruit development. The chemical characterization of the aqueous extracts of each stage of maturity studied was determined and their hypoglycemic effects were bioassayed using groups of normal mice with diabetes induced by streptozotocin at a dose of 500 mg−1 kg−1 body weight.RESULTSRespiration rate and ethylene production showed a typical pattern for non‐climacteric fruit and the quality parameters did not show significant changes. Phenolic compounds such as gallic acid and chlorogenic acid were found to have the highest concentration at 15 days of development. Extracts at 15 days showed a hypoglycemic effect that was 11% greater than that of glibenclamide in diabetized mice.CONCLUSIONAll stages of development of C. ficifolia fruit had a hypoglycemic effect; however, the aqueous extract from the fruit at 15 days of development showed a better effect than glibenclamide. This finding highlights the potential of this maturity stage, and shows that it is appropriate for inclusion in treatments of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results also indicate that phenolic compounds are mainly responsible for this effect and not d‐chiro‐inositol as previously thought. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Survival of Patients With Non‐Rhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcomas of the Head and Neck
Authors: Rastatter Jeffrey C. , Sinard Rebecca N. , Dilger Amanda , Reichek Jennifer , Walterhouse David O. , Patel Urjeet 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate factors associated with overall survival (OS) of patients with non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas of the head and neck.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was queried for cases of non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas of the head and neck between 2004 and 2014. Cases were categorized according to the World Health Organization classification of soft tissue tumors. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate associations with OS.ResultsA total of 4,555 patients (63.6% male, 36.4% female, mean age 59.6 years) met inclusion criteria. The majority of tumors were classified as miscellaneous (35.9%), followed by vascular (20.1%), smooth muscle (13.5%), fibroblastic/myofibroblastic (12.1%), peripheral nerve (8.5%), adipocytic (7.4%), and undifferentiated (2.5%) sarcomas. The mean follow‐up was 37.9 months, and overall mortality (MR) was 45.3%. The best prognosis was seen with fibroblastic/myofibroblastic sarcomas (MR = 20.6%, P < .001), whereas vascular sarcomas had the worst prognosis (MR = 67.6%, P < .001). Resection with clear margins had better OS than microscopically positive margins (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.43, P < .001) or grossly positive margins (HR = 2.97, P < .001). Radiation therapy was associated with better OS than no radiation (HR = 0.86, P = .001).ConclusionNon‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas of the head and neck are associated with significant mortality. OS differs based on histologic subcategorization. Resection of the primary tumor with clear margins demonstrates improved OS for all histologies, suggesting this modality remains the preferred primary treatment when feasible.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:E500–E508, 2021
Cathodic protection design optimization of a buried vessel by FEM simulation
Authors: Attarchi Mehdi , Brenna Andrea , Ormellese Marco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInstalling linear anode loops around a buried vessel is one of the latest cathodic protection anode arrangements for buried vessels. In this arrangement, besides the physical properties of the environment, for example, soil resistivity and oxygen content, the distance of anode loops to the vessel, number of anode loops, and distance between each loop are three main designing parameters. In the present study, the cathodic protection of a buried vessel (8‐m long; 2.5 m in diameter) with complete nonlinear polarization at the protected surface is studied with finite element method simulation. The analyzed variables are the number of anode loops from one to three, the anode‐to‐vessel distance from 0.2 to 0.6 m, the distance between loops from 0.2 to 1.6 m. Soil resistivity varies from 10 to 500 Ω·m, and oxygen limiting current density changes from 5 to 100 mA/m2. Increasing anode‐to‐vessel distances will reduce the potential differences, and the best condition is the maximum distance, 0.6 m. The optimum number of anode loops is two. Increasing soil resistivity will increase the potential difference, but in an optimum design, its effect is not significant.
Star Polymer Translocation into a Spheroidal Cavity
Authors: Nagarajan Karthik , Chen Shing Bor 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStar polymer translocation into a spheroidal cavity has been studied using Langevin dynamics simulations. To isolate the effect of polymer architecture, the total number of monomers, N, is kept constant while the number of arms, f, is varied. For the special case of a spherical cavity, the mean translocation time, τ, exhibits nonmonotonic variation with f for large cavities, but decreases monotonically with f for sufficiently small cavities. The value of τ for a prolate cavity is generally similar to that for a spherical cavity of similar volume. In both cases, τ decreases monotonically with f for small cavities. In contrast, τ is significantly larger for an oblate cavity and exhibits nonmonotonic variation with f. If the attraction between the monomers and the cavity wall is sufficiently strong, the effect of cavity geometry largely vanishes and τ decreases monotonically with f, regardless of the cavity shape.
Challenges in dissimilar friction stir welding of aluminum 5052 and 304 stainless steel alloys
Authors: Chitturi V. , Pedapati S.R. , Awang M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, dissimilar friction stir welding of aluminum 5052 and stainless steel 304 has been carried out with different process parameters. This investigation provides a better insight regarding the defect formation of the weld joints with tilt angles ranging from 0 ° to 2.5 °. The experiments were conducted according to Taguchi L9 orthogonal array by changing the tool rotational speed, and welding speed. The tool pin was kept 70 % towards the aluminum with the tool rotational speed ranging from 800 min−1 to 1200 min−1 with a varying traverse speed of 5 mm/min to 15 mm/min. The bottom part of the stir zone was perfectly welded without any defects. Tunnel defect was detected just above the bottom welded surface. Microstructural analysis reveals that the weld between both materials is formed on the retreating side, whereas on the advancing side, the weld was formed with void defects. Mostly, the stir zone is filled with irregular shaped aluminum and steel parts which were detached from the base material. Several other defects such as voids, cracks, and fragmental defects were observed in the stir zone irrespective of the process parameters. It was observed from the experimental investigations that the tunnel defect can be reduced by increasing the tilt angle.
Characterization of corrosion behavior of aluminum welds reinforced with copper powder
Authors: Abima C.S. , Akinlabi S.A. , Hassan S. , Fatoba O.S. , Akinlabi E.T. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper reports on the corrosion behavior of aluminum metal inert gas (MIG) welds reinforced with copper powder particles. Pure aluminum, AA1100 sheets, machined to a 45° v‐grooved were used for this experiment. Copper powder particle reinforced samples and unreinforced samples were investigated. The corrosion behavior of the samples were investigated in 3.5 % sodium chloride (NaCl) solution, using the potentiodynamic polarization technique. The results revealed that the corrosion resistance for reinforced samples were higher than those for unreinforced samples. Hence the corrosion resistance of aluminum AA1100 welds can be improved by the addition of copper powder particle in the weld seam, and it is therefore recommended for typical industrial applications.
Mechanical performance optimization of similar thin AA 7075‐T6 sheets produced by refill friction stir spot welding
Authors: Yamin M.F. , Awang M. , Suhuddin U.F.H. , Sallih N. , Klusemann B. , dos Santos J.F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRefill friction stir spot welding was applied to weld similar thin AA 7075‐T6 aluminum alloy sheets in a spot‐like joint configuration without a keyhole. The welds were produced using a small tool consisting of sleeve and probe with diameters of 6 mm and 4 mm, respectively. Design of experiment was employed to optimize the welding parameters in terms of the cross tensile strength by using Box Behnken Design. Based on analysis of variance, it can be concluded that plunge depth strongly affects the mechanical performance of the weld. Optimal welding parameters in terms of rotational speed, plunge depth and speed are identified to reach a cross tensile strength of up to 660 N.
Synthesis and properties of bio‐waste‐based hydroxyapatite via hydrothermal process
Authors: Ng C.K. , Ng Z.L. , Ramesh S. , Tan C.Y. , Ting C.H. , Chuah Y.D. , Sutharsini U. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, a facile hydrothermal method is applied to produce hydroxyapatite (HA) particles using egg shells as calcium precursors and fruit waste extracts (banana peel) as biomolecular templates at 150 °C for a reaction time period of 12 hours (h) and 24 hours. The sintering of the green samples of hydroxyapatite were conducted at 1250 °C in air for 2 h. The results showed that pectin extracted from banana peel extracts assisted in regulating crystal growth to obtain homogeneous hydroxyapatite powder, with higher purity observed for 24 h hydrothermal reaction time. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra revealed the presences of phosphate (PO43−) and hydroxyl (OH−) groups in the powders. A relative density of 89.6 % was achieved for sintered hydroxyapatite compacts produced via hydrothermal method for 24 h. The sintered body was characterized by having high Vickers hardness of 5.35 GPa and good fracture toughness of 1.23 MPa√m, suitable for biomedical application.
Consanguineous‐derived homozygous WNT1 mutation results in osteogenesis imperfect with congenital ptosis and exotropia
Authors: Chen Peng , Chen Jiaxi , Yang Zhantao , Lu Yang , Shen Liping , Zhou Kai , Ye Shenyi , Shen Bo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundWnt signaling pathway plays an important role in promoting ostergenesis. WNT1 mutations have been considered as a major cause of ostergenesis imperfect (OI). We identified an OI patient with pathogenic consanguineous‐derived homozygous WNT1 missense mutation.MethodsWe designed and applied a panel of known 261 genes associated with hereditary bone diseases for targeted next‐generation sequencing to examine clinically diagnosed OI patients. Detected mutations were confirmed by Sanger sequencing.ResultsThe female proband presented with severe OI with low bone density, multiple long bone fractures, short stature, and absence of dentinogenesis imperfect and brain malformation. She had congenital ptosis and exotropia with her left eye, and absence of blue sclera. The proband came from a consanguineous family and had a homozygous WNT1 missense mutation (c.677C>T, (p.S226L)). In addition, three other compound heterozygous mutations (c.1729C>T in FKBP10, c.1958A>C in FGFR3, c.760G>C in TRPV4) were also detected in her family members.ConclusionWe report the first identified case of consanguineous derived homozygous WNT1 mutation leading to severe osteogenesis imperfecta with congenital ptosis and exotropia.
Low cost 3D tin sheet multiband shark‐fin antenna for LTE MIMO vehicular application
Authors: Melli Federico , Lenzini Stefano , Cerretelli Matteo , Coscelli Enrico , Notari Andrea , Vincetti Luca 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA low cost and low‐profile multiband 3D antenna for roof‐top vehicular applications is presented. The radiating element is obtained through a folded metal sheet shaping a geometry that makes the antenna works in the LTE (Long‐Term Evolution) bands. Thanks to its particular shape and its small size the antenna can be positioned under the automotive common used shark‐fin case. Furthermore, the design allows an easy industrialization process, using low cost material. In fact, the designed shape needs only to be cut and folded without any welding process. In addition to the designed antenna, simulations and measurements take into account another radiating element in order to analyze its behavior in a MIMO (Multiple‐Input‐Multiple‐Output) configuration. For the proposed solution good performances have been demonstrated from both numerical and measurements results.
Combined simultaneous multislice bSSFP and compressed sensing for first‐pass myocardial perfusion at 1.5 T with high spatial resolution and coverage
Authors: McElroy Sarah , Ferrazzi Giulio , Nazir Muhummad Sohaib , Kunze Karl P. , Neji Radhouene , Speier Peter , Stäb Daniel , Forman Christoph , Razavi Reza , Chiribiri Amedeo , Roujol Sébastien 
Published: June 2020

PurposeTo implement and evaluate a pseudorandom undersampling scheme for combined simultaneous multislice (SMS) balanced SSFP (bSSFP) and compressed‐sensing (CS) reconstruction to enable myocardial perfusion imaging with high spatial resolution and coverage at 1.5 T.MethodsA prospective pseudorandom undersampling scheme that is compatible with SMS‐bSSFP phase‐cycling requirements and CS was developed. The SMS‐bSSFP CS with pseudorandom and linear undersampling schemes were compared in a phantom. A high‐resolution (1.4 × 1.4 mm2) six‐slice SMS‐bSSFP CS perfusion sequence was compared with a conventional (1.9 × 1.9 mm2) three‐slice sequence in 10 patients. Qualitative assessment of image quality, perceived SNR, and number of diagnostic segments and quantitative measurements of sharpness, upslope index, and contrast ratio were performed.ResultsIn phantom experiments, pseudorandom undersampling resulted in residual artifact (RMS error) reduction by a factor of 7 compared with linear undersampling. In vivo, the proposed sequence demonstrated higher perceived SNR (2.9 ± 0.3 vs. 2.2 ± 0.6, P = .04), improved sharpness (0.35 ± 0.03 vs. 0.32 ± 0.05, P = .01), and a higher number of diagnostic segments (100% vs. 94%, P = .03) compared with the conventional sequence. There were no significant differences between the sequences in terms of image quality (2.5 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.2, P = .08), upslope index (0.11 ± 0.02 vs. 0.10 ± 0.01, P = .3), or contrast ratio (3.28 ± 0.35 vs. 3.36 ± 0.43, P = .7).ConclusionA pseudorandom k‐space undersampling compatible with SMS‐bSSFP and CS reconstruction has been developed and enables cardiac MR perfusion imaging with increased spatial resolution and myocardial coverage, increased number of diagnostic segments and perceived SNR, and no difference in image quality, upslope index, and contrast ratio.