bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liver Transplantation Outcomes in a U.S. Multicenter Cohort of 789 Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Presenting Beyond Milan Criteria
Authors: Kardashian Ani , Florman Sander S. , Haydel Brandy , Ruiz Richard M. , Klintmalm Goran B. , Lee David D. , Taner C. Burcin , Aucejo Federico , Tevar Amit D. , Humar Abhinav , Verna Elizabeth C. , Halazun Karim J. , Chapman William C. , Vachharajani Neeta , Hoteit Maarouf , Levine Matthew H. , Nguyen Mindie H. , Melcher Marc L. , Langnas Alan N. , Carney Carol A. , Mobley Constance , Ghobrial Mark , Amundsen Beth , Markmann James F. , Sudan Debra L. , Jones Christopher M. , Berumen Jennifer , Hemming Alan W. , Hong Johnny C. , Kim Joohyun , Zimmerman Michael A. , Nydam Trevor L. , Rana Abbas , Kueht Michael L. , Fishbein Thomas M. , Markovic Daniela , Busuttil Ronald W. , Agopian Vatche G. 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims
The Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network recently approved liver transplant (LT) prioritization for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) beyond Milan Criteria (MC) who are down‐staged (DS) with locoregional therapy (LRT). We evaluated post‐LT outcomes, predictors of down‐staging, and the impact of LRT in patients with beyond‐MC HCC from the U.S. Multicenter HCC Transplant Consortium (20 centers, 2002‐2013).

Approach and Results
Clinicopathologic characteristics, overall survival (OS), recurrence‐free survival (RFS), and HCC recurrence (HCC‐R) were compared between patients within MC (n = 3,570) and beyond MC (n = 789) who were down‐staged (DS, n = 465), treated with LRT and not down‐staged (LRT‐NoDS, n = 242), or untreated (NoLRT‐NoDS, n = 82). Five‐year post‐LT OS and RFS was higher in MC (71.3% and 68.2%) compared with DS (64.3% and 59.5%) and was lowest in NoDS (n = 324; 60.2% and 53.8%; overall P < 0.001). DS patients had superior RFS (60% vs. 54%, P = 0.043) and lower 5‐year HCC‐R (18% vs. 32%, P < 0.001) compared with NoDS, with further stratification by maximum radiologic tumor diameter (5‐year HCC‐R of 15.5% in DS/<5 cm and 39.1% in NoDS/>5 cm, P < 0.001). Multivariate predictors of down‐staging included alpha‐fetoprotein response to LRT, pathologic tumor number and size, and wait time >12 months. LRT‐NoDS had greater HCC‐R compared with NoLRT‐NoDS (34.1% vs. 26.1%, P < 0.001), even after controlling for clinicopathologic variables (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.33, P < 0.001) and inverse probability of treatment‐weighted propensity matching (HR = 1.82, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
In LT recipients with HCC presenting beyond MC, successful down‐staging is predicted by wait time, alpha‐fetoprotein response to LRT, and tumor burden and results in excellent post‐LT outcomes, justifying expansion of LT criteria. In LRT‐NoDS patients, higher HCC‐R compared with NoLRT‐NoDS cannot be explained by clinicopathologic differences, suggesting a potentially aggravating role of LRT in patients with poor tumor biology that warrants further investigation.
University Student Health and Wellbeing Study: A test‐retest reliability study of a web‐based survey investigating undergraduate student health and wellbeing
Authors: Wold Catrina , Hallett Jonathan , Crawford Gemma , Chih Hui Jun , Burns Sharyn , Jancey Jonine M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIssue addressedUnderstanding the health behaviours of Australian university students and their impact on wellbeing and academic success is important; however, there are limited reliable, population level survey tools to measure student health across a range of domains. The purpose of the research was to determine the reliability of the web‐based University Student Health and Wellbeing Study (USHWS) survey via a test‐retest reliability study within a large Australian university student population.MethodsA test‐retest of the measurement instrument was completed by a sample of university students (n = 195) over a two‐week period. The instrument assessed alcohol and tobacco use, mental health, sexual health, physical activity, nutrition and sun protective behaviours. Test‐retest reliability was analysed using two‐way random effects model of intraclass correlations (ICC) and AC1 coefficient for individual measurements with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsQuestions on demographics, general health, nutrition, sun protection, alcohol and tobacco use, mental health and sexual health had fair to high reliability (ICCs range from 0.32 to 1.00). Reliability of some physical activity items were poor with large variability (ICC = 0.15, 95% CI 0.01‐0.28 to 0.86, 95% CI 0.82‐0.89).ConclusionsA majority of the USHWS survey items represented a moderate to high test‐retest reliability. Variability and poor reliability of physical activity questions may be due to survey implementation time and usual behaviour changes.So what?The USHWS survey is reliable instrument to assess Australian university student health at a population level with the aim of informing effective programming, policy and initiatives.SummaryThe University Student Health and Wellbeing Study (USHWS) survey is a foundational tool to understand university student’s health in Australia. The USHWS reported fair to high reliability with few physical activity items showing lower reliability. Greater variability may be due to usual day‐to‐day fluctuations in behaviour.
Changes in passively‐sensitized basophil activation to αS1‐casein after oral immunotherapy
Authors: Matsui Teruaki , Naito Michihiro , Tagami Kazunori , Tajima Iwao , Teshigawara Miyuki , Makino Atsushi , Kitamura Katsumasa , Takasato Yoshihiro , Sugiura Shiro , Yamada Chikako , Izumi Hidehiko , Tsuge Ikuya , Kondo Yasuto , Ito Komei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionImmune response to cow's milk allergen (CMA) has been analyzed mostly using crude milk antigen or a mixture of various caseins. This study aimed to assess the changes in the immunological response against αS1‐casein during oral immunotherapy (OIT) and to investigate the mechanism of tolerance.MethodsWe have performed rush OIT to 39 patients with CMA and obtained the serum samples up to 3 years after OIT. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IgG4 antibodies specific to highly purified αS1‐casein as well as passively‐sensitized basophil activation were evaluated using the serial samples. Furthermore, we examined whether basophil activation led by the pre‐OIT serum was suppressed by the post‐OIT serum, or by the tolerant serum obtained from naturally outgrown patients.ResultsSpecific IgE to αS1‐casein was significantly reduced after OIT. Specific IgG4 (sIgG4) to αS1‐casein was also detected in most of the pre‐OIT sera, which was not significantly increased after OIT. Activation of passively‐sensitized basophils to αS1‐casein was significantly reduced after 2 years (14% ± 19%) and 3 years (19% ± 18%) post‐OIT compared with pre‐OIT (%CD63high basophils; 51% ± 27%). Furthermore, the addition of post‐OIT or tolerant serum to pre‐OIT serum significantly suppressed the basophil activation. This suppression was abrogated by washing the supernatant after passive sensitization, but not by depleting IgG antibodies from post‐OIT or tolerant sera, nor by blocking FcγRIIb using an anti‐FcγR antibody.ConclusionsαS1‐casein‐sIgG4 plays a minor role in tolerance mechanisms in cases of CMA; humoral factors other than antigen‐sIgG4 may be involved.
Correlations between Direct and Calculated Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Measurements in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Alouffi Sultan , Khan Mohd Wajid Ali , Alotabi Nawaf , Alsuggyair Amal , Alhassan Ikram , Al Alwan Ibrahim , Al Banyan Esam , Al‐Twaijri Yasmin A. , Tamim Hani , Al‐Hussein Fahad , Aljasser Salih , Alfwaz Hanan , Tamimi Waleed 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundLow‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), as a modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, should be assessed and monitored. This study compared directly measured and Friedewald‐estimated LDL‐C values in children and adolescents.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 464 children and adolescents. Calculated LDL‐C (CLDL‐C) levels were estimated using the Friedewald formula for any triglyceride value below 4.6 mmol/L. Direct LDL‐C (DLDL‐C) levels were measured on an ARCHITECT c8000 Abbott Clinical Chemistry Analyzer. The differences in LDL‐C were then calculated.ResultsThe correlation coefficients (R) between DLDL‐C and CLDL‐C were 0.978 (P = .148) and R = 0.970 (P = .052) for children and adolescents, respectively. Children with LDL‐C values above 4.92 mmol/L had a correlation value of 0.971 (P = .419). The correlation and agreement between DLDL‐C and CLDL‐C in adolescents were moderate for LDL‐C below 2.85 mmol/L (R = 0.806; 84.1%) and improved above 2.85 mmol/L (R = 0.978; 91.5%). In children, good correlations between DLDL‐C and CLDL‐C were observed for normal (<0.85 mmol/L), borderline (0.85‐1.12 mmol/L), and abnormal (≥1.13 mmol/L) triglyceride levels (R = 0.9782, 0.990, and 0.951, respectively). The rates of agreement were better for normal (80.5%) and borderline (82.9%) but not abnormal (68.2%) triglyceride levels.ConclusionWe observed good agreement between DLDL‐C and CLDL‐C in both children and adolescents. The Friedewald formula provided an adequate estimate of LDL‐C for most fasting specimens. LDL‐C difference percentage can also be used as a quality indicator to check laboratory analyzer performance in healthy subjects.
Printer‐assisted array flexible surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy chip preparation for rapid and label‐free detection of bacteria
Authors: Yang Feng , Chen Li , Li Danyang , Xu Yi , Li Shunbo , Wang Li 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA low‐cost array flexible surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) chip was proposed with the aim of rapid detection of bacteria. The substrate of the chip was Al foil, and the detection area arrays were printed using a laser toner. Colloidal silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were dropped onto the detection area, with the AgNPs droplets confined within the detection area by the hydrophobic properties of the toner film. The colloidal AgNPs were dried naturally to form a SERS active chip. An A4 paper‐based SERS chip was prepared using the same method for control experiments. The surface morphology of the chip was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy. In addition, comparison experiments were performed on the two SERS chips. The results showed that both SERS chips exhibited the best SERS enhancement when the AgNPs were added four times. The calculation of Rhodamine 6G at the 612 cm−1 peak showed that the EF of the A4 paper‐based chip and the Al foil‐based chip were 6.72 × 107 and 1.03 × 108, respectively. SERS mapping results showed that the Al foil‐based chip had much higher signal homogeneity than that of A4 paper‐based chip. Lastly, the Al foil‐based chip was used for bacterial detection. For Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, the limit of detection was 1,000 and 100 cfu/ml, and the relative standard deviation of 36 randomly selected detection points were 12.5% and 11.7%, respectively. The entire detection process was completed in a few minutes. The SERS chip has the advantages of low cost, simple manufacturing process, and short detection time; is capable of high throughput and multi‐parameter detection; and is expected to provide a rapid and effective detection method for bacteria.
Electrospun protein fibers loaded with yerba mate extract for bioactive release in food packaging
Authors: Pinheiro Bruni Graziella , dos Santos Acunha Tanize , de Oliveira Jean P , Martins Fonseca Laura , Tavares da Silva Francine , Martins Guimarães Vilásia , da Rosa Zavareze Elessandra 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDYerba mate extract was encapsulated in electrospun zein fibers. Solutions were prepared with 30% (w/v) zein, and yerba mate extract was added at concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% (w/w). The rheology and electrical conductivity of the polymer solutions were evaluated. The extract and the fibers were characterized through an analysis of total and individual phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. Morphology, size distribution, and thermal stability were also evaluated. The release kinetics of zein fibers loaded with different concentrations of yerba mate were evaluated in a hydrophilic food‐simulant medium (10% ethanol).RESULTSYerba mate extract had a total phenolic compound content of 1287.76 ± 11.55 mg of gallic acid 100 g−1 yerba mate extract. The major individual phenolic compounds obtained were chlorogenic acid and rutin, quantified by high‐performance liquid chromatography and mess spectrometry (HPLC–MS). Zein fibers loaded with 5% extract exhibited higher antioxidant activity with 83.0% inhibition. The fibers with different concentrations of yerba mate displayed homogeneous morphology. Yerba mate extract encapsulated in zein fibers had greater thermal stability than the free extract. Zein fibers comprising 5% yerba mate extract, when in contact with a hydrophilic food simulant medium, showed a release of approximately 49% of extract within 50 h.CONCLUSIONZein fibers containing yerba mate extract may be used as antioxidant releasers for food packaging. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Positron‐emitting tracer imaging of fluoride transport and distribution in tea plant
Authors: Niu Hui‐liang , Peng Chuan‐yi , Zhu Xu‐dong , Dong Yang‐yang , Li Ye‐yun , Tang Ling‐ling , Wan Xiao‐chun , Cai Hui‐mei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDTea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) is a hyper‐accumulator of fluoride (F). To understand F uptake and distribution in living plants, we visually evaluated the real‐time transport of F absorbed by roots and leaves using a positron‐emitting (18F) fluoride tracer and a positron‐emitting tracer imaging system.RESULTSF arrived at an aerial plant part about 1.5 h after absorption by roots, suggesting that tea roots had a retention effect on F, and then was transported upward mainly via the xylem and little via the phloem along the tea stem, but no F was observed in the leaves within the initial 8 h. F absorbed via a cut petiole (leaf 4) was mainly transported downward along the stem within the initial 2 h. Although F was first detected in the top and ipsilateral leaves, it was not detected in tea roots by the end of the monitoring. During the monitoring time, F principally accumulated in the node.CONCLUSIONF uptake by the petiole of excised leaf and root system was realized in different ways. The nodes indicated that they may play pivotal roles in the transport of F in tea plants. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Chromatographic separation simulation of metal‐chelating peptides from surface plasmon resonance binding parameters
Authors: Muhr Laurence , Pontvianne Steve , Selmeczi Katalin , Paris Cédric , Boschi‐Muller Sandrine , Canabady‐Rochelle Laetitia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSome metal‐chelating peptides have antioxidant properties, with potential nutrition, health, and cosmetics applications. This study aimed to simulate their separation on immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography from their affinity constant for immobilized metal ion determined in surface plasmon resonance, both technics are based on peptide‐metal ion interactions. In our approach, first, the affinity constant of synthetic peptides was determined by surface plasmon resonance and used as input data to numerically simulate the chromatographic separation with a transport‐dispersive model based on Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Then, chromatographic separation was applied on the same peptides to determine their retention time and compare this experimental tR with the simulated tR obtained from simulation from surface plasmon resonance data. For the investigated peptides, the relative values of tR were comparable. Hence, our study demonstrated the pertinence of such numerical simulation correlating immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography and surface plasmon resonance.
Migratory Flyways May Affect Population Structure in Double‐Crested Cormorants
Authors: Kimble Steven J. A. , Dorr Brian S. , Hanson‐Dorr Katie C. , Rhodes Olin E. , Devault Travis L. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTDouble‐crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) recovered from a demographic bottleneck so well that they are now considered a nuisance species at breeding and wintering grounds across the United States and Canada. Management of this species could be improved by refining genetic population boundaries and assigning individuals to their natal population. Further, recent radio‐telemetry data suggest the existence of Interior and Atlantic migratory flyways, which could reduce gene flow and result in substantial genetic isolation. In this study, we used 1,784 individuals collected across the eastern United States, a large panel of microsatellite markers developed for this species, and individuals banded as chicks and recaptured as adults to explore the effects of migratory flyways on population structure, quantify the genetic effects of demographic bottlenecks, and determine whether individuals could be assigned to their natal population based on genotype. We found evidence for genetic population division only along migratory flyways, no evidence of genetic bottlenecks, and mixed effectiveness of assignment tests. Our population structure findings suggest that gene flow is high across large scales; for example, individuals from New York, Minnesota, and Alabama are all in panmixia. We also found that traditional subspecies ranges may not be valid because >1 subspecies was present in single genetic populations. The lack of evidence for genetic bottlenecks also likely underscores the vagility of this species, suggesting that even during demographic bottlenecks, populations were not isolated from allelic exchange. Finally, the failure of assignment tests to consistently perform is likely due in part to imperfect a priori sampling of Atlantic and Interior chicks and the high vagility of adults. We conclude that the demographic bottleneck is not likely to have reduced genetic diversity, and that assignment tests remain unreliable for this species. We recommend double‐crested cormorants be managed by flyway. Further development of genomic resources in this species could improve population subdivision resolution, improve assignment tests, and reveal further information on demographic histories. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Modified mean curvature flow of entire locally Lipschitz radial graphs in hyperbolic space
Authors: Allmann Patrick , Lin Longzhi , Zhu Jingyong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Asymptotic Plateau Problem asks for the existence of smooth complete hypersurfaces of constant mean curvature with prescribed asymptotic boundary at infinity in the hyperbolic space . The modified mean curvature flow (MMCF)
was firstly introduced by Xiao and the second author a few years back in [15], and it provides a tool using geometric flow to find such hypersurfaces with constant mean curvature in . Similar to the usual mean curvature flow, the MMCF is the natural negative L2‐gradient flow of the area‐volume functional associated to a hypersurface Σ. In this paper, we prove that the MMCF starting from an entire locally Lipschitz continuous radial graph exists and stays radially graphic for all time. In general one cannot expect the convergence of the flow as it can be seen from the flow starting from a horosphere (whose asymptotic boundary is degenerate to a point).
Laser‐Assisted Nanowetting: Selective Fabrication of Polymer/Gold Nanorod Arrays Using Anodic Aluminum Oxide Templates
Authors: He Hung‐Chieh , Yan Ai‐Ling , Karapala Vamsi Krishna , Wang Shun‐Fa , Shen Ming‐Hui , Lin Yu‐Liang , Chen Yi‐Fan , Sugiyama Teruki , Chen Jiun‐Tai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract1D polymer nanomaterials have attracted significant interest in recent years because of their unique properties and promising applications in various fields. It is, however, still a challenge to fabricate polymer nanoarrays with desired sizes and controlled morphologies. Here, an unprecedented approach, the laser‐assisted nanowetting (LAN) method, to selectively fabricate polymer nanoarrays is presented. Polystyrene (PS) is blended with gold nanorods (AuNRs), which are used to absorb the energy from the laser. After the blend films are brought in contact with AAO templates, the AuNRs at regions shone by the laser beams absorb the energy and heat the surrounding polymer chains, resulting in the formation of PS/AuNRs arrays in selected areas. This work paves a new research direction for developing template‐based polymer nanomaterials.
A kernel‐based algorithm for the spectral fluence of clinical proton beams to calculate dose‐averaged LET and other dosimetric quantities of interest
Authors: Bertolet A. , Cortés‐Giraldo M. A. , Souris K. , Carabe A. 
Published: March 2020

PurposeTo introduce a new analytical methodology to calculate quantities of interest in particle radiotherapy inside the treatment planning system. Models are proposed to calculate dose‐averaged LET (LETd) in proton radiotherapy.Material and methodsA kernel‐based approach for the spectral fluence of particles is developed by means of analytical functions depending on depth and lateral position. These functions are obtained by fitting them to data calculated with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations using Geant4 in liquid water for energies from 50 to 250 MeV. Contributions of primary, secondary protons and alpha particles are modeled separately. Lateral profiles and spectra are modeled as Gaussian functions to be convolved with the fluence coming from the nozzle. LETd is obtained by integrating the stopping power curves from the PSTAR and ASTAR databases weighted by the spectrum at each position. The fast MC code MCsquare is employed to benchmark the results.ResultsConsidering the nine energies simulated, fits for the functions modeling the fluence in‐depth provide an average

equal to 0.998, 0.995 and 0.986 for each one of the particles considered. Fits for the Gaussian lateral functions yield average

of 0.997, 0.982 and 0.993, respectively. Similarly, the Gaussian functions fitted to the computed spectra lead to average

of 0.995, 0.938 and 0.902. LETd calculation in water shows mean differences of −0.007 ± 0.008 keV/μm with respect to MCsquare if only protons are considered and 0.022 ± 0.007 keV/μm including alpha particles. In a prostate case, mean difference for all voxels with dose >5% of prescribed dose is 0.28 ± 0.23 keV/μm.ConclusionThis new spectral fluence‐based methodology allows for simultaneous calculations of quantities of interest in proton radiotherapy such as dose, LETd or microdosimetric quantities. The method also enables the inclusion of more particles by following an analogous process.