bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linear Regression Model for Predictions of COVID-19 New Cases and New Deaths Based on May/June Data in Ethiopia
Authors: Argawu Alemayehu Siffir 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: On the 15th of June 2020, we have 7,984,067 total COVID-19 cases, globally and 435,181 deaths. Ethiopia was ranked 2nd and 15th in the table by 176 new cases and by 3,521 total new cases from African countries. Then, this study aimed to predict COVID-19 new cases and new deaths based on May/June data in Ethiopia using a linear regression model.Methods: In this study, I used Pearson’s correlation analysis and the linear regression model to predict COVID-19 new cases and new deaths based on the available data from 12th May to 10th June 2020 in Ethiopia.Results: There was a significant positive correlation between COVID-19 new cases and new deaths with different related variables. In the multiple linear regression model, variables such as the number of days, the number of new laboratory tests, and the number of new cases from AA city significantly predicted the COVID-19 new cases. In this model, the number of days and new recoveries significantly predicted new deaths of COVID-19.Conclusions: The number of days, daily laboratory tests, and new cases from Addis Ababa city significantly predicted new COVID-19 cases, and the number of days and new recoveries significantly predicted new deaths from COVID-19. According to this analysis, if strong preventions and action are not taken in the country, the predicted values of COVID-19 new cases and new deaths will be 590 and 12 after two months (after 9th of August) from now, respectively. The researcher recommended that the Ethiopia government, Ministry of Health and Addis Ababa city administrative should give more awareness and protections for societies, and they should also open more COVID-19 laboratory testing centres. Generally, the obtained results of this study may help Ethiopian decision-makers put short-term future plans to face this epidemic.
Oxygen isotope ratios in zircon and garnet: A record of assimilation and fractional crystallization in the Dinkey Dome peraluminous granite, Sierra Nevada, California
Authors: Quintero Raiza R. , Kitajima Kouki , Lackey Jade Star , Kozdon Reinhard , Strickland Ariel , Valley John W. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The 119 Ma Dinkey Dome pluton in the central Sierra Nevada Batholith is a peraluminous granite and contains magmatic garnet and zircon that are complexly zoned with respect to oxygen isotope ratios. Intracrystalline SIMS analysis tests the relative importance of magmatic differentiation processes vs. partial melting of metasedimentary rocks. Whereas δ18O values of bulk zircon concentrates are uniform across the entire pluton (7.7‰ VSMOW), zircon crystals are zoned in δ18O by up to 1.8‰, and when compared to late garnet, show evidence of changing magma chemistry during multiple interactions of the magma with wall rock during crustal transit. The evolution from an early high-δ18O magma [δ18O(WR) = 9.8‰] toward lower values is shown by high-δ18O zircon cores (7.8‰) and lower δ 18O rims (6.8‰). Garnets from the northwest side of the pluton show a final increase in δ18O with rims reaching 8.1‰. In situ REE measurements show zircon is magmatic and grew before garnets. Additionally, δ18O in garnets from the western side of the pluton are consistently higher (avg = 7.3‰) relative to the west (avg = 5.9‰).
These δ18O variations in zircon and garnet record different stages of assimilation and fractional crystallization whereby an initially high-δ18O magma partially melted low-δ18O wallrock and was subsequently contaminated near the current level of emplacement by higher δ18O melts. Collectively, the comparison of δ18O zoning in garnet and zircon shows how a peraluminous pluton can be constructed from multiple batches of variably contaminated melts, especially in early stages of arc magmatism where magmas encounter significant heterogeneity of wall-rock assemblages. Collectively, peraluminous magmas in the Sierran arc are limited to small &lt;100 km2 plutons that are intimately associated with metasedimentary wall rocks and often surrounded by later and larger metaluminous tonalite and granodiorite plutons. The general associations suggest that early-stage arc magmas sample crustal heterogeneities in small melt batches, but that with progressive invigoration of the arc, such compositions are more effectively blended with mantle melts in source regions. Thus, peraluminous magmas provide important details of the nascent Sierran arc and pre-batholithic crustal structure.
Prevention Knowledge and Its Practice Towards COVID-19 Among General Population of Saudi Arabia: A Gender-based Perspective
Authors: Alshammary Freah , Siddiqui Ammar Ahmed , Amin Junaid , Ilyas Muhammad , Rathore Hassaan Anwer , Hassan Ibne , Alam Mohammad Khursheed , Kamal Mohammad Amjad 
Published: August 2020

Background:
This study is an original contribution to the gender-based perspective of measuring
knowledge and practice towards COVID-19 among the Saudi population.

Objective:
This study investigates the existing knowledge of COVID-19 among both genders and its likely use in
practice to combat COVID-19.

Design and Setting:
Cross-sectional study with an online survey and data collected from all the five regions of
Saudi Arabia.

Participants and Methods:
A structured, self-reported validated questionnaire was developed based on the World
Health Organization (WHO) general public advice towards COVID-19 prevention. This study has employed
snow-ball sampling technique.

Sample Size:
627 participants (Male n=343, 54.7%) and (Females n=284, 45.3%).

Results:
This study has found that women not only carry better knowledge, but their practicing behavior is far
better than the male respondents. Females practiced their knowledge of hands hygiene more in comparison to
males (86% vs. 80 %, p >0.05). Female respondents were also practicing more about sneezing/coughing into their
elbows as compared to males (79% vs. 71%, p < 0.05). Likewise, the practice of knowledge of staying at home to
prevent infection (females 98.2% vs males 95.5%, p > 0.05), and (females 83.2% vs. males 81.5%, p > 0.05),
respectively.

Conclusion:
This study shows that women were more compliant with the WHO public health COVID-19 prevention
advice than men, which can decrease the chances of COVID-19 infection.
Gene Therapy in the Management of Parkinson’s Disease: Potential of GDNF as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: Behl Tapan , Kaur Ishnoor , Kumar Arun , Mehta Vineet , Zengin Gokhan , Arora Sandeep 
Published: August 2020

:
The limitations of conventional treatment therapies in Parkinson’s disorder, a common neurodegenerative
disorder, lead to the development of an alternative gene therapy approach. Multiple
treatment options targeting dopaminergic neuronal regeneration, production of enzymes linked with
dopamine synthesis, subthalamic nucleus neurons, regulation of astrocytes and microglial cells and
potentiating neurotrophic factors, were established. Viral vector-based dopamine delivery, prodrug
approaches, fetal ventral mesencephalon tissue transplantation and dopamine synthesizing enzyme encoding
gene delivery are significant therapies evidently supported by numerous trials. The review
primarily elaborates on the significant role of glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor in alleviating
motor symptoms and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease. Neuroprotective and
neuroregenerative effects of GDNF were established via preclinical and clinical study outcomes. The
binding of GDNF family ligands with associated receptors leads to the formation of a receptor-ligand
complex activating Ret receptor of tyrosine kinase family, which is only expressed in dopaminergic
neurons, playing an important role in Parkinson’s disease, via its association with the essential protein
encoded genes. Furthermore, the review establishes delivery aspects, like ventricular delivery of recombinant
GDNF, intraparenchymal and intraputaminal delivery using infusion catheters. The review
highlights problems and challenges of GDNF delivery, and essential measures to overcome them, like
gene therapy combinations, optimization of delivery vectors, newer targeting devices, motor symptoms
curbing focused ultrasound techniques, modifications in patient selection criteria and development
of novel delivery strategies based on liposomes and encapsulated cells, to promote safe and effective
delivery of neurotrophic factor and establishment of routine treatment therapy for patients.
Novel Aceclofenac Cocrystals with l-Cystine: Virtual Coformer Screening, Mechanochemical Synthesis, and Physicochemical Investigations
Authors: Kumar Saroj , Gupta Amresh , Prasad Rammani , Singh Satyawan 
Published: August 2020

Aim:
Current work focuses on the improvement of the solubility and dissolution of ACF by
the cocrystal approach.

Background:
Aceclofenac (ACF) is one of the commonly used Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug
(NSAID) representing a variety of therapeutic applications including management of pain, inflammation,
rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis, etc. But very low solubility and dissolution rate of ACF
compromise its therapeutic utility. Now a day’s cocrystallization technique has emerged as a novel
technique for modulation of the said problems.

Objective:
The Specific objectives of this research work were mechanochemical synthesis, characterization,
and performance evaluation of aceclofenac cocrystal.

Methods:
ACF was screened with various pharmaceutically acceptable coformers (Selected from
GRAS and EAFUS list) using MOPAC software and physical screening method to find out novel cocrystals
of ACF with enhanced solubility and dissolution rate. Novel cocrystals (multi-component crystalline
solid) of ACF with l-cystine were prepared by a neat grinding method and by liquid assisted
grinding method. The synthesized cocrystals (ACF-l-CYS NG and ACF-l-CYS LAG) were characterized
carefully by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Infrared Spectroscopy (IR), and Powder XRay
Diffraction (PXRD) to verify the formation of the cocrystals. Pharmaceutically significant properties
such as powder dissolution rate, solubility, and stability of the prepared cocrystals were evaluated.

Results:
Compared to pure ACF, the prepared cocrystals showed superior solubility and dissolution
rate. The prepared cocrystals were found to be stable and non-hygroscopic under study conditions.

Conclusion:
The cocrystallization technique was successfully utilized to increase the solubility and
dissolution rate of aceclofenac.
Hyaluronic Acid/Parecoxib-Loaded PLGA Microspheres for Therapy of Temporomandibular Disorders
Authors: Zhu Dongwang , Bai Haoran , Xu Wanning , Lai Wen , Song Liting , Deng Jiayin 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
This study aimed to fabricate Hyaluronic Acid (HA)/parecoxib-loaded PLGA
microspheres for the treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and investigate the in
vitro and in vivo effect of the microsphere system to solve the issues of poor drug delivery and
short duration on drug concentration in conventional TMD therapy.

Methods:
The microspheres were prepared by the double emulsion (w/o/w) method. Various formulations
were compared in terms of particle size, drug loading rate and encapsulation rate. Scanning
Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and FT-IR spectroscopy
were performed to evaluate physicochemical properties. The drug release behavior of microspheres
and toxicity assay on synovial cells were investigated. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect
on inflammatory markers, such as IL-1β, TNF-α and COX-2, was assessed by real-time PCR.
Then, the in vivo therapeutic effect of microspheres was investigated using mechanically-induced
rat synovitis model. Protein levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and COX-2) from
TMJ periarticular tissues were quantified by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Results:
The results showed that microspheres were morphologically regular, smooth and non-cohesive.
The average particle size of the microspheres was (25.32 ± 1.01) μm. The drug loading rate
of parecoxib was 17.12%-20.95% with encapsulation efficiency reaching 51.9%-54.7%. In vitro
drug release tests showed a successful sustained release over 28 days with a burst of 19.98% of the
total drug substance. Treatment with HA/parecoxib-loaded PLGA microspheres declined the mRNA
expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and COX-2 induced by LPS in articular synovial cells. Moreover,
in vivo results demonstrated that the intra-articular microspheres significantly reduced protein levels
of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and COX-2) for more than two weeks and stopped
the mechanically-induced synovitis in its tracks in rat models.

Conclusion:
The study presented new and potential insights into treatments of TMD using PLGA
microspheres loaded with HA and parecoxib as a successful drug delivery system.
Multimodal Medical Image Fusion using Rolling Guidance Filter with CNN and Nuclear Norm Minimization
Authors: Liu Shuaiqi , Yin Lu , Miao Siyu , Ma Jian , Cong Shuai , Hu Shaohai 
Published: August 2020

Background::
Medical image fusion is very important for the diagnosis and treatment of
diseases. In recent years, there have been a number of different multi-modal medical image fusion
algorithms that can provide delicate contexts for disease diagnosis more clearly and more conveniently.
Recently, nuclear norm minimization and deep learning have been used effectively in image
processing.

Methods:
A multi-modality medical image fusion method using a rolling guidance filter (RGF) with
a convolutional neural network (CNN) based feature mapping and nuclear norm minimization
(NNM) is proposed. At first, we decompose medical images to base layer components and detail
layer components by using RGF. In the next step, we get the basic fused image through the pretrained
CNN model. The CNN model with pre-training is used to obtain the significant characteristics
of the base layer components. And we can compute the activity level measurement from the regional
energy of CNN-based fusion maps. Then, a detail fused image is gained by NNM. That is, we
use NNM to fuse the detail layer components. At last, the basic and detail fused images are integrated
into the fused result.

Results::
From the comparison with the most advanced fusion algorithms, the results of experiments
indicate that this fusion algorithm has the best effect in visual evaluation and objective standard.

Conclusion::
The fusion algorithm using RGF and CNN-based feature mapping, combined with
NNM, can improve fusion effects and suppress artifacts and blocking effects in the fused results.
1,3,5-Pyrazoline Derivatives in CNS Disorders: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Structural Insights through Molecular Docking
Authors: Sharma Himanshi , Chawla Pooja A. , Bhatia Rohit 
Published: August 2020

Background:Anxiety and oxidative stress are the common disorders prevailing in the modern age. Many new pyrazoline derivatives have been synthesized and patented, but there is still continuous research in progress to explore antidepressant and antioxidant potential of pyrazoline scaffold.Objective:The present work was carried out to synthesize, characterize and evaluate the pharmacological potential of 1,3,5-Pyrazoline derivatives.Methods:Ten new 1,3,5-Pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1HNMR and mass spectral techniques. The synthesized pyrazoline derivatives were investigated for their in vivo antidepressant activity by Tail Suspension Test (TST) and in vitro antioxidant activity by FRAP and DPPH assay methods. The docking studies and in silico ADME and toxicity characteristics were also evaluated.Results:Among the synthesized analogues, IVh showed the highest antidepressant activity with a significant reduction in the duration of immobility. The compound IVh emerged as the most potent antioxidant compound due to the presence of an electron releasing hydroxyl group. Docking studies of most potent compounds revealed good interaction points with the MAO-A enzyme. The compounds were found to obey Lipinski’s Rule of Five and displayed the least in silico toxicity profile.Conclusion:The synthesized compounds were found to possess great potential in decreasing the duration of immobility in Swiss albino mice and scavenging free radicals. These compounds may serve as new leads for further drug exploration.
Comparison of the Effect of Adipocyte-derived Stem Cells and Curcumin Nanoliposomes with Phenytoin on Open Cutaneous Wound Healing in Rats
Authors: Ebrahimzade Mohammadreza , Mirdoraghi Mohammad , Alikarami Ameneh , Heidari Sahar , Rastegar Tayebeh , Partoazar Ali R. , Takzaree Nasrin 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Reducing the healing time of wounds can decrease the patient's immobility
time and their medical costs, leading a faster return of the patients to daily work.

Objective:
The aim of the present study is to compare the effect of adipose-derived stem cells and curcumin-
containing liposomal nanoparticles with phenytoin on wound healing.

Methods:
After anesthesia of the rats, open skin ulcers were made by a bistoury blade. Subsequently,
stem cells were removed from the adipose tissue of the upper border of the epididymis. The originality
of stem cells was then confirmed by the flow cytometry. The fusion method was used to prepare the
liposome; and also, nanoliposomal particles were confirmed by using the DLS microscope. The percentage
of recovery and the cell count was measured with IMAGEJ. The expression of genes was assessed
by PCR. The number of fibroblasts was counted by immunohistochemistry techniques. The
amount of collagen was determined by Tri-chromosome staining, and the number of capillaries was
enumerated by H & E staining.

Results:
The expression of the TGF-β1 gene, vascular number, wound healing rate and the number of
fibroblasts increased significantly in adipose tissue-derived stem cells and curcumin nanoliposome
groups (p<0.05); the wound surface was also decreased significantly (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
Based on the results of our research, adipose tissue-derived stem cells and curcumin
nanoliposomes can heal wounds efficiently.
Flavonoids Extracted from Asteriscus graveolens Improve Glucose Metabolism and Lipid Profile in Diabetic Rats
Authors: El-ouady Fadwa , Bachir Fatima , Eddouks Mohamed 
Published: August 2020

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of Asteriscus graveolens.

Background:
Asteriscus graveolens (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant widely used by the Moroccan population to treat various diseases including diabetes.

Objective:
This work aimed to assess the capacity of flavonoids extracted from Asteriscus graveolens (FEE) to improve diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia in normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats.

Methods:
Flavonoids were extracted from A. graveolens using the Soxhlet apparatus and using different organic solvents. Normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated orally by the extract of A. graveolens at a dose of 10 mg/kg. The oral treatment during 15 days was used to evaluate the effect of the flavonoids extracted from A. graveolens on blood glucose level and lipid profile in normal and diabetic rats. The oral glucose tolerance test as well as the analysis of histopathological examination of liver was performed. The antioxidant activity of FEE was also assessed by the method of trapping of free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), in order to estimate the mechanisms of action involved by FEE to improve hyperglycemia and lipid profile in normal and diabetic rats.

Results:
FEE reduced serum glucose concentrations in both normal and diabetic rats and exhibited in the last group lowering total cholesterol and triglycerides effects as well as improvement of the HDL-cholesterol serum level. In addition, a remarkable influence on glucose tolerance was also noticed after FEE treatment. Moreover, FEE was able to improve histopathological status of liver and possess a potential antioxidant effect in vitro.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this study demonstrates the hypoglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of FEE in rats supporting then its traditional use for the management of diabetes.
Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Findings of the Children with Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Presenting Favism
Authors: Tarhani Fariba , Nezami Alireza , Heidari Ghobad , Abdolkarimi Babak 
Published: August 2020

Aim:Favism is characterized as acute anemia, due to Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency as a result of fava beans intake. It is associated with paleness, jaundice, and hemoglobinuria. In this study, signs, symptoms and therapeutic findings of the patients with hemolysis due to G6PD deficiency were investigated in Shahid Madani Hospital of Khorramabad, Lorestan.Methods:This is a single-center cross-sectional descriptive study that was conducted on all children with G6PD deficiency-induced hemolysis.Results:308 children (64.3% male and 35.7% female) were included in this study. The most common complaint was jaundice (82.5%) and the most common cause of hemolysis was the intake of fava bean (85.7%). 68% of the children were treated with hydration/fluid therapy. Blood transfusion was conducted in 36.36% of the cases and the mean of blood administered was 18.9 cc/kg.Conclusion:In this study, hydration therapy was performed in most of the children presenting favism. Also, the incorrect calculation of the amount of blood needed for transfusion increased the frequency of blood transfusions and prolonged hospitalization time.
Sentiment Classification Using Feature Selection Techniques for Text Data
Composed of Heterogeneous Sources
Authors: Arya Vaishali , Agrawal Rashmi 
Published: August 2020

Aims:
Feature Selection Techniques for Text Data Composed of Heterogeneous sources for sentiment
classification.

Objectives:
The objective of work is to analyze the feature selection technique for text gathered from different sources to
increase the accuracy of sentiment classification done on microblogs.

Methods:
Applied three feature selection techniques Bag-of-Word(BOW), TF-IDF, and word2vector to find the most
suitable feature selection techniques for heterogeneous datasets.

Results:
TF-IDF outperforms outh of the three selected feature selection technique for sentiment classification with SVM
classifier.

Conclusion:
Feature selection is an integral part of any data preprocessing task, and along with that, it is also important
for the machine learning algorithms in achieving good accuracy in classification results. Hence it is essential to find out
the best suitable approach for heterogeneous sources of data. The heterogeneous sources are rich sources of information
and they also play an important role in developing a model for adaptable systems as well. So keeping that also in mind we
have compared the three techniques for heterogeneous source data and found that TF-IDF is the most suitable one for all
types of data whether it is balanced or imbalanced data, it is a single source or multiple source data. In all cases, TF-IDF
approach is the most promising approach in generating the results for the classification of sentiments of users.