bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavior and Quality of Life at 6 Years for Children With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Goldberg Caren S. , Hu Chenwei , Brosig Cheryl , Gaynor J. William , Mahle William T. , Miller Thomas , Mussatto Kathleen A. , Sananes Renee , Uzark Karen , Trachtenberg Felicia , Pizarro Christian , Pemberton Victoria L. , Lewis Alan B. , Li Jennifer S. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Cnota James , Atz Andrew M. , Lai Wyman W. , Bellinger David , Newburger Jane W. ,   PHN INVESTIGATORS
Published: October 2019

OBJECTIVES:
We measured behavioral, quality of life (QoL), and functional status outcomes for 6-year-old children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome enrolled in the Single Ventricle Reconstruction Trial. We sought to compare these outcomes with those in the normative population and to analyze risk factors for worse outcomes within the single-ventricle group.

METHODS:
Parent-response instruments included the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (Vineland-II) (primary outcome), Behavior Assessment System for Children 2, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0, and other measures of QoL and functional status. We compared subjects with those in the normative sample using 1-sample Wilcoxon rank tests and assessed outcome predictors using multivariable regression.

RESULTS:
Of 325 eligible patients, 250 (77%) participated. Compared with population norms, participants had lower scores on the Vineland-II motor skills domain (90 ± 17 vs 100 ± 15; P &lt; .001), with 11% scoring &gt;2 SDs below the normative mean. On nearly all major domains, more study subjects (3.3%–19.7%) scored outside the normal range than anticipated for the general population. Independent risk factors for lower Vineland-II scores included perioperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, male sex, use of regional cerebral perfusion, catheterization after stage 2 operation, visual problems, seizure history, and more complications after 2 years (R2 = 0.32). Independent predictors of worse Behavior Assessment System for Children 2 (R2 = 0.07–0.20) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (R2 = 0.17–0.25) domain scores also included sociodemographic factors and measures of morbidity and/or greater course complexity.

CONCLUSIONS:
At 6 years, children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome had difficulty in areas of adaptive behavior, behavioral symptoms, QoL, and functional status. Principal risks for adverse outcomes include sociodemographic factors and measures of greater course complexity. However, models reveal less than one-third of outcome variance.
The Influence of "Reasonableness" on the Element of Conduct in Delictual or Tort Liability - Comparative Conclusions
Authors: Ahmed Raheel 
Published: October 2019

In this contribution the influence of reasonableness on the element of conduct in the South African law of delict will be analysed and compared with the requirement of some form of conduct in English tort law, American tort law and the French law of delict.
Fundamental similarities and differences among the different legal systems must be considered. France and South Africa follow a generalising approach to determining a delict while English and American law have a system of separate torts.
Even though English and American law do not explicitly refer to the requirement of conduct in tort law, it is generally implicitly required. This is the case whether one is dealing with the tort of negligence or the intentional torts. In French law too, a fait générateur (a generating, triggering, wrongful act or event) generally must also be present in order to ground delictual liability. The concept of fait générateur is broader than the concept of conduct found in the other jurisdictions in that it extends beyond what is regarded as human conduct. The conduct in all the jurisdictions may be in the form of a commission (a positive, physical act or statement) or an omission (a failure to act). The requirement that conduct must be voluntary is generally found in South African, English and American law (with an exception applying to mentally impaired persons) but not in France. Naturally, it is unreasonable to hold a person liable without conduct which results in the causing of harm or loss. In all the above-mentioned jurisdictions, it would generally be unreasonable to hold the wrongdoer liable in delict or tort law if the omission or commission does not qualify as some form of conduct. Thus the influence of reasonableness on the element of conduct in all the above-mentioned jurisdictions is implicit.
THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF THE PENSION SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Authors: Kolesnik A. P. 
Published: October 2019

Currently, a year after the adoption of the law on raising the retirement age, discussions about the strategy and tactics of developing the Russian pension system in the press and among professionals have practically stopped. At the same time, factors affecting the pension system have not disappeared with increasing retirement age. Only their perception has changed somewhat. It seems appropriate to recall these factors and problems once again, taking into account global trends.The attentive reader probably understands that global players of world civilization are controlling or trying to control the development of global trends, and if you change the organizational or financial structure of the pension system without paying attention to controlled global trends, the changes you make can help one or another global player, and this may harm the interests of our country.
The Genesis of Higher Education Internationalisation
Authors: Smaliakou D. А. 
Published: October 2019

Introduction.Nowadays, scientific and educational community underestimates the importance of fundamental research in the field of internationalisation of higher education. Meanwhile, the definition of the philosophical foundations of this phenomenon can shed light on the nature and rules of its development. In this regard, the research of such a fundamental problem as its genesis may affect further affords in the field of its justification, determination of ultimate goals and mechanisms of implementation, as well as interpretation of its ethical, political and spiritual aspects of international academic mobility.Theaimof the research was to reveal the real reasons and conditions of internationalisation as a new level of higher education, public and supranational policy.Methodology and research methods.The present research is based on the methodological framework of critical analysis through the retrospective, reflexive, comparative types of analysis, the methods of synthesis, generalisation and systematisation of various scientific points of view.Results and scientific novelty.At present, the philosophical aspects of higher education internationalisation are developed by a small number of scientists, who view its genesis from the perspective of globalisation. Three options are identified: internationalisation as a part of globalisation; internationalisation as a response to the challenges of its development; internationalisation as a phenomenon, which precedes global transformations. In each of these approaches, internationalisation acts as a space of interaction of national actors opposing the unification processes. Meanwhile, the countries-leaders of internationalisation rather act themselves as unifiers, calling into question all theories of the background of the under-discussed phenomenon. The author takes into account the following premises: the destruction of world colonial system and the end of the Cold war, which have actualised the integration agenda in Europe at the end of the 20th century. New international agenda, based on neighborhood strategy and integration, has required not only the development of accustomed horizontal communication, but also the development of vertical communication. The request for time has led to the rise of higher education internationalisation, which replaced the idea of “soft power” and generated national interests, in particular, through channelling of excessive educational resources abroad. When state subjectivity gained the importance of basic value in Europe and in international communication in general, the process of internationalisation was required. Such process increased pan-European competitiveness by combining the efforts of different countries.Practical significance.A clearer understanding of the genesis and the nature of the internationalisation process of higher education will avoid the use of resources at the level of both specific institutions and national institutions and, more importantly, will help to overcome the obstacles to the development of educational systems.
Organizational and Methodological Issues of the RF National Projects’ Development and Implementation
Authors: Bondareva N. N. , Komkov N. I. 
Published: October 2019

Purpose: the purpose of this article is to consider the usage of targeted methodological and organizational methods of complex socio-economic development management, as well as to research the practice of developing national-scale projects and programs.Methods: the methodology of the study is based on the theoretical foundations of target processes management for solving complex development problems, system analysis methods, research of operations and economic analysis of complex system development.Results: consideration of the implementation experience of the Russian Federation national projects and programs since 2005 helps to identify both advantages and disadvantages in solving social and economic problems. Organizational and methodological shortcomings of national projects development, as well as estimation of limitations and difficulties for complete goals achievement in the chosen case projects have been presented.Conclusions and Relevance: the presented national projects aimed at achieving the goals of the May Decree of the President of the Russian Federation should serve as a guide for the concentration of financial, logistical and intellectual resources to solve national large-scale complex problems. Methodological and organizational shortcomings in the national projects launching, which create significant risks to successful and on-time achievement of the national goals specified in the President’s Decree, were noted.
Promoting Awareness and Understanding of Microaggressions in Social Work Education
Authors: Monk Jermaine J. , Williams-Gray Brenda 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThis pilot study, conducted at a public univerisity in an urban community, collected the experiences of 42 social work students enrolled in a required course on diversity.ObjectiveThis research utilizes Critical Race Theory as a framework and expands on the themes experienced by recievers of microaggression insults, assaults, and invalidation (Sue et al., 2007).MethodsParticipants in this qualitative study completed three survey questions about: their microaggression experiences, immediate responses, and how they felt.ResultsStudent feelings provided beginning insights as to how they coped with their microaggression experiences.ConclusionSocial work educators may find this research supports the importance of cultural awareness and culturally responsive pedagogy.
A Meta-Theoretical Framework for Understanding Educational Disparities Affecting Black Youth in the United States: Implications for Social Work
Authors: Boddie Stephanie C. , Kyere Eric , Adedoyin A. Christson 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundBlack youth are disproportionately disadvantaged in nearly every indicator of academic performance.ObjectiveThis analysis seeks to understand the role of racism in the genesis of educational disparities affecting Black youth.MethodsDrawing from structural functionalism, modern capitalism, and critical race theory, we provide a meta-theoretical framework to explore the underpinnings of racial disparities that disadvantage Black youth in U.S. public schools.FindingsThis meta-theoretical framework suggests a critical need to examine the history of racism as well as the social, political, and economic structure of the U.S. to understand the educational disparities affecting Black youth.ConclusionSocial work professionals can use this meta-theoretical framework to inform research, policy, and practice addressing educational disparities and ultimately create more equitable, fair, and just school environments.
Social Workers and Urban School Discipline: Do We Need a Time-Out?
Authors: Richardson Sonyia C. , Williams John A. , Lewis Chance W. 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundSchool social workers are crucial in recommending alternative disciplinary practices to prevent suspensions and expulsions in schools (Cameron & Sheppard, 2006; National Association of Social Workers, 2013), particularly in urban school districts, which experience higher rates of discipline disproportionality between students of color and White students (Barrett, McEachin, Mills, & Valant, 2017).Objective/MethodsGrounded in an ecological systems perspective, the purpose of the study is to determine if the presence of a social worker predicts school suspensions by race and gender in an urban school district.FindingsKey findings show that the presence of school social workers has a negative relationship with school suspensions for students of color.ConclusionWe advocate for an increase in social worker representation in urban schools and strategic practices to address school discipline.
Türkiye Hisse Senedi Piyasasında Spekülatif Balon Varlığının Ampirik İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇITAK Ferhat 
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye pay piyasasında işlem gören 24 sektör ve gösterge endeksleri için, genelleştirilmiş eküs Augmented – Dickey – Fuller (GSADF) testi ile rasyonel spekülatif balonların varlığı analiz edilmiştir. İkinci aşamada, rasyonel spekülatif balonlarının görüldüğü tarihlere kukla değişken tanımlanarak balon oluşumunu etkileyen faktörler, logit modeli kullanılarak tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, Türkiye pay piyasasında balon oluşma olasığını en fazla etkileyen değişkenlerin uluslararası portföy yatırımları (FPI), ülke kredi risk primi (CDS) ve uluslararası yatırımcıların risk algısı (VIX ) olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Influence of Transport Conditions on Optimal Injection Rate for Acid Jetting in Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Ridner Dmitry , Frick Taylor , Zhu Ding , Hill Alfred Daniel , Angeles Renzo , Vishnumolakala Narendra , Shuchart Chris 
Published: October 2019

SummaryAcid jetting occurs as a result of pumping acid through limited-entry liner completions, causing high-velocity streams to impinge against the wellbore wall. The dissolution effect of jetting differs significantly from conventional matrix acidizing. Acid jetting causes cavities to be formed at the points of contact of the jet with the rock, with wormholes forming beyond the cavity. Jetting has been shown to be an effective technique for placing acid along extended-reach laterals, removing filter cake, and enhancing wormhole propagation.The velocity of the impinging jet and its standoff distance from the rock cause some of the acid to penetrate the formation and some to flow back in the annular space of the liner. Two types of dissolution mechanisms occur: surface dissolution forming the cavity and matrix dissolution forming the wormholes. These dissolution mechanisms are highly dependent on the acid-injection rate, velocity of the jet, temperature, and permeability of the formation. The differences between the matrix dissolution mechanism of acid jetting and that of conventional matrix acidizing are most obvious at low acid-injection rates.Experiments were performed with the intention of quantifying the difference in pore volume (PV) to breakthrough between acid jetting and matrix acidizing, as well as determining the effect of increased temperature, rock permeability, and acid concentration on this value with respect to the acid-injection rate. The baseline parameters of room temperature, 15% hydrochloric (HCl) acid, and 2- to 4-md Indiana limestone were individually compared with experiments run at 180°F, 28% HCl, and Indiana limestone cores of 30, 60, and 140 md. The effect of jetting velocity was also investigated. A direct comparison with conventional matrix acidizing was made by eliminating the jetting effect of the stream through mechanical dispersion.Acid jetting creates a point of heightened interstitial velocity at the contact of the acid and the rock, causing wormhole propagation to occur at a faster rate than it would in conventional matrix acidizing at that injection rate. This effect is especially pronounced as the jetting velocity is increased above that of matrix acidizing, and it tapers off at progressively higher jetting velocities.
Comparison of the effects of intravenous and inhalational anesthesia on postoperative pulmonary complications after oral and maxillofacial surgery with free flap reconstruction: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Dan , Zhu Xi , Wang Likuan , Yang Xudong , Liu Yun , zhang Xiang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The effects of intravenous and inhalation anesthesia on intraoperative and postoperative pulmonary inflammatory responses have been reported in many studies. The differences in clinical postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) have been also studied in cardiac and lung resection surgery. However, there are few relevant reports and the findings remain controversial. Clinical evidence for the effects of these two anesthetics on PPCs in other types of surgery is still missing. The main goal of the current study was to assess the impact of sevoflurane and propofol on the incidence of PPCs in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Methods: In this double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, we randomly assigned 220 adults at intermediate-to-high risk of pulmonary complications after oral and maxillofacial cancer surgery with radial forearm or fibular flap reconstruction to either propofol or sevoflurane as a general anesthetic. The occurrence of pulmonary complications according to the Clavien-Dindo score was defined as the primary (within 7 days after surgery) outcome.

Results: The two intervention groups had similar characteristics at baseline. The PPCs incidence during 7 days after surgery was 32.4% and 18.2% in the propofol and sevoflurane groups, respectively (adjusted relative risk, 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.22 to 0.91; P = 0.027). The corresponding incidence of PPCs in patients who underwent tracheotomy at the end of surgery in the two groups was 44.8% and 24.5% (adjusted relative risk, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.91; P = 0.030). In addition, the Clavien-Dindo classification showed significant differences between groups in minor complications (grade I and II) but not in major complications (grade III to V). Intergroup difference in the time to occurrence of the first PPC after surgery was significant (P = 0.021). There was no difference in postoperative hospital stay between the two groups.

Conclusions: Compared with intravenous anesthesia, the administration of sevoflurane reduces the incidence of minor PPCs (grade I to II) in moderate- and high-risk patients who have undergone tracheotomy after oral and maxillofacial cancer surgery with radial forearm or fibular flap reconstruction.
Genomic and evolutionary features of two AHPND positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from shrimp (Penaeus monodon) of south-west Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmmed Shawon , Khan Md. Abdullah-Al-Kamran , Eshik Md. Mostavi Enan , Punom Nusrat Jahan , Islam Abul B.M.M.K. , Rahman Mohammad Shamsur 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Due to its rapid lethal effect in the early stage of shrimp, acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) causing great economic losses, since its first outbreak in southeast China in 2009. Vibrio parahaemolyticus , carrying the pir A and pir B toxin genes is known to cause AHPND in shrimp. The overall objective of this study was to sequence the whole genome of AHPND positive V. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from shrimp ( Peneaus monodon ) of south-west region of Bangladesh in 2016 and 2017 and characterize the genomic features and emergence pattern of this marine pathogen.
Results
Two targeted AHPND positive V. parahaemolyticus strains were confirmed using PCR with 16S rRNA, ldh , AP3 and AP4 primers. The assembled genomes of strain MSR16 and MSR17 were comprised of a total of 5,393,740 bp and 5,241,592 bp, respectively. From annotation, several virulence genes involved in chemotaxis and motility, EPS type II secretion system, Type III secretion system-1 (T3SS-1) and its secreted effectors, thermolabile hemolysin were found in both strains. Importantly, the ~69 kb plasmid was identified in both MSR16 and MSR17 strains containing the two toxin genes pir A and pir B. Antibiotic resistance genes were predicted against β-lactam, fluoroquinolone, tetracycline and macrolide groups in both MSR16 and MSR17 strains.
Conclusions
The findings of this research may facilitate the tracking of pathogenic and/or antibiotic-resistant V. parahaemolyticus isolates between production sites, and the identification of candidate strains for the production of vaccines as an aid to control of this devastating disease. Also, the emergence pattern of this pathogen can be highlighted to determine the characteristic differences of other strains found all over the world.
Complete mitochondrial DNA sequence analysis of Bluespotted seabream, Pagrus caeruleostictus (Perciformes: Sparidae)
Authors: Afriyie Gyamfua , Guo Yusong , Kuebutornye Felix K.A , Larbi Christian Ayisi , Wang Zhongduo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Bluespotted seabream, Pagrus caeruleostictus is a benthopelagic marine species found in tropical regions and a member of the family Sparidae and genus Pagrus . In this article, a mitochondrial DNA sequence by high-throughput technique, Illumina Hiseq, was carried out on muscle of the above species and determined the complete mitogenome. Samples were obtained from species collected from the coast of Ghana, West Africa.Results The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence was 16,653 bases pairs in length (GenBank Accession number: MN319701) and comprises of 37 genes; 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 13 protein-coding genes as well as a control region as in a typical vertebrate mitochondrial DNA gene. The phylogenetic analysis showed P. caeruleostictus clustered with the clade of P. auriga. Conclusion This research will serve as the foundation for molecular genetic studies of Ghanaian fish species. Moreover, it will contribute to the phylogenetics of class Actinopterygii, order Spariformes, family Sparidae and genus Pagrus.