bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of genetic purity in rice using polymorphic SSR markers
Authors: Kumar S.P. Jeevan , Susmita C , Agarwal Dinesh K. , Pal Govind , Rai Abhishek Kumar , Simal-Gandara Jesus 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Genetic purity is conventionally performed through Grow-Out-Test (GOT) with morphological characters. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are independent of G X E interaction. Herewith, 16 high yielding varieties of rice were analyzed using 55 SSR markers for DNA fingerprinting and identification of genetic impurities: 14 were found to be polypmorphic and amplified 48 alleles with an average of 3.43 alleles per each primer pair. The number of alleles amplified ranged from 2 to 6 and the size of the PCR products amplified from these 14 primer pairs ranged from 80–450 bp with polymorphic information content (PIC) from 0.14 (RM 346) to 0.99 (RM 5900). PICs at 0.5 or higher are highly informative SSR markers for genetic studies, DNA fingerprinting and scoring polymorphism rate of SSR markers pertinent to specific locus. The 14 polymorphic SSR markers can be used for DUS testing, genetic purity and DNA finger printing of rice varieties.
Interaction Between Genetic Variants and Serum Levels of Organochlorine Pesticides Contributes to Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Xu Shaoqing , Yang Xiaodong , Qian Yiwei , Wan Dayong , Sun Fenghua , Luo Qian , Song Yanyan , Xiao Qin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There is evidence that genetic and environmental factors contribute to the onset and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Pesticides are a class of environmental toxins that are linked to increased risk of PD. However, few studies have investigated the interaction between specific pesticides and genetic variants related to PD in the Chinese population.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 19 serum levels of pesticides were measured. In addition, we also analyzed the interaction between specific pesticides and candidate genetic variants for PD. Finally, we investigated the mechanistic basis for the association between pesticides and increased risk of PD.Results: Serum levels of organochlorine pesticides including α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH), β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, propanil, heptachlor, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, p,p’-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p’-DDE) and o,p’-dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (o,p’-DDT) were higher in PD patients than in controls. α-HCH and propanil levels were associated with increased PD risk. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with Hamilton Depression Scale and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores in PD patients. The interaction between rs11931074 in α-synuclein (SNCA) and α-HCH or β-HCH, respectively, as well as rs16940758 in the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) gene and δ-HCH were related to increased risk of PD. In addition, α-HCH and propanil enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species and decreased of mitochondrial membrane potential. Propanil but not α-HCH induced the aggregation of α-synuclein.Conclusions: Elevated serum levels of α-HCH and propanil are associated with increased risk of PD. Serum levels of dieldrin were associated with depression and cognitive function in PD patients. The interaction between genetic variants and pesticides also increased the risk of PD. Effects of genetic variants and pesticides on the risk of PD should be studied in more detail with a larger sample size to further understand the mechanisms involved.
Residents' Performance of Single-Incision Pediatric Endo-Surgery Appendectomy (SIPESA) Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Appendectomy (CLA) in Two Centers
Authors: Raboei Enaam , Owiwi Yazeed , Ghallab Alaa , Alsaggaf Ameen , Alofi Turki , Zidan Mazen , Alawi Ahmed , Fayez Mohamed , Shalaby Hanin , Onazi Mohamed Al , Mohaidly Mohammed Al- , Babker Mohammed , Kamel Saleh , Al-Hindi Jawad , Batniji Khalil Al- , Omar Ihab 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The outcome of SIPESA performed by surgical residents is explored once in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, there are no published studies comparing the outcome of SIPESA versus CLA performed by the surgical residents.Aim: To assess the outcome of SIPESA at King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital (KFAFH), Jeddah versus CLA at Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh performed by surgical residents. Material & Methods: A retrospective comparative study of the outcome of SIPESA versus CLA conducted in two centers from January 2011 to July 2018. The two groups were compared for age, seniority of operating surgeon, mean operative time (MOT), perioperative complications and length of hospital stay (LOS).Results: 136 appendectomies (83(61%) SIPESA & 53(39%) CLA) were performed by residents between January 2011 and July 2018 in both centers. Postoperative complications were reported in 3.8% of CLA and 3.6% of SIPESA. There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups. The MOT of SIPESA and CLA was 92.25 minutes & 87.85 minutes respectively. Conclusion: SIPESA and CLA performed by residents are equally safe and feasible with no added morbidity. We believe that this good outcome is related to the adequate supervision of residents by experienced surgeons in conjunction with a properly structured training program. There was no significant difference in the outcome of both groups.
COVID-19: Needs assessment of the pharmacy profession and contributions so far across the Commonwealth
Authors: Ashiru-Oredope Diane , Chan Amy , Olaoye Omotayo , Rutter Victoria , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din , Anderson Claire , Matuluko Ayodeji , Tuck Chloe , Halai Manjula , Wickens Hayley , Nambatya Winnie , Vadlamudi Rao , Anderson Raymond 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe declaration of COVID-19 a pandemic by the World Health Organisation on the 11March 2020 marked the beginning of a global health crisis of an unprecedented natureand scale. The approach taken by countries across the world varied widely, however,the delivery of frontline healthcare was consistently recognised as being central to thepandemic response. This study aimed to identify and explore the issues currentlyfacing pharmacy teams across Commonwealth countries during the COVID-19pandemic. The study also evaluates pharmacy professionals’ understanding of keyknowledge areas from the COVID-19 webinar hosted by the CommonwealthPharmacists’ Association ( CPA) on 5 th June 2020.MethodA quantitative survey-based approach was adopted, using a 32-item questionnairedeveloped from the literature on pharmacy and pandemic response. The survey washosted on Survey Monkey and pilot tested. The final survey was disseminated by CPAmember organisations. A 6-item online questionnaire was sent via email to allattendees of CPA's COVID-19 webinar. Descriptive statistics on frequency distributionsand percentages were used to analyse the responses. Data were analysed usingMicrosoft® Excel (2010).ResultsThere were 545 responses from pharmacy professionals across 31/54 commonwealthcountries in Africa, Asia, the Americas, Europe and the Pacific. Majority of therespondents reported being at least somewhat worried (90%) and more than 65% werevery worried or extremely about the impact of COVID-19 on them personally andprofessionally. Nearly two-thirds of respondents stated finding it somewhat difficult orvery difficult to work effectively during the pandemic. Challenges mostly faced bypharmacy professionals working remotely included; general anxiety about the impact ofCOVID-19 on their lives (12%), and difficulties in communicating with their co-workers(12%). Most pharmacy professionals had not previously been actively involved in aglobal health emergency (82%) nor obtained training on global/public healthemergency preparedness (62%). Between 45% to 97% of the COVID-19 webinarattendees provided the correct answers to post-webinar questions, suggesting someimprovement in knowledge.ConclusionOur study confirms pharmacy professional’s concerns about practice during apandemic and provides preliminary data on the challenges and learning needs of theprofession. The CPA has since acted on these findings, providing on-goingopportunities to develop and refine resources for the profession as the pandemicevolves. Pharmacy professionals have also demonstrated improved knowledge on themanagement of COVID-19 and resources available for professionals.
Isolation and Identification of Nuc Nuclease Gene and Sea Enterotoxin Gene in Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates From Nasal Mucosa of Burn Hospital Staff
Authors: Karimzadeh Roxana , Ghassab Romina Karimzadeh 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main causes of nosocomial infections. The hospital staff as carriers of Staphylococcus aureus have an important role in spreading it among patients. This study aimed to investigate nuc gene, as S. aureus marker and sea gene, enterotoxin A gene nasal mucosa of sari burn hospital staff. In this cross-sectional study, a nasal swab of 40 staff of Burnt hospital of Sari was collected and isolated. The S. aureus was detected by biochemical tests such as Gram stain, catalase, coagulase. Then nuc and sea genes were identified after the extraction of DNA, by PCR technique and gel electrophoresis with specific primer.Results: From the 40 strains obtained from nasal of carriers, 20 S. aureus strains were isolated, and all of them included nuc gene, while 6 samples included sea gene. Given that every 20 samples had nuc gene, therefore this gene is a strong marker for S. aureus. Also, the presence of sea genes in some samples suggested the presence of enterotoxin A in hospital staff as a healthy carrier. Also, given that hospital staffs can be carriers of Staphylococcus aureus and spreading nosocomial infections, therefore identification of the carriers to prevent the spread of infection is essential.
Maternal perception of breastfeeding in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate: a qualitative research work
Authors: Cerón-Zapata Ana María María , Martínez-Delgado Cecilia María , Calderón-Higuita Gloria Emilia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundUnilateral cleft lip and / or palate (UCLP) is one of the most common congenital craniofacial abnormalities. The objective of this study was to describe maternal perception of breastfeeding in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate and to assess the role of breastfeeding counseling. MethodsQualitative descriptive method and phenomenological analysis were used to analyze the narratives. 28 mothers of patients with nonsyndromic UCLP treated with Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) between April 2015 and April 2017 were strategically selected and interviewed. Framework analysis was conducted for qualitative data. The CES University ethical committee approved the study. ResultsThe findings resulted in six main categories. First, contact with the CLP program, access to early diagnosis and timely treatment, perceptions of parents about health personnel on breastfeeding of CLP patients, perceptions of mothers toward breastfeeding, perception of advantages and disadvantages of the NAM technique regarding breastfeeding and assessment of the CLP program. ConclusionThe participants related difficulties with breastfeeding. Mothers acknowledged the clinical results when using the NAM obturator, as well as the support provided by the breastfeeding consultant.
General Practitioner Experiences Using a Low Back Pain Management Booklet Aiming to Decrease Non-indicated Imaging for Low Back Pain
Authors: Jenkins Hazel J , Moloney Niamh A , French Simon D , Maher Chris G , Dear Blake F , Magnussen John S , Hancock Mark J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Imaging is overused in the management of low back pain and effective interventions to decrease use have not been developed. An intervention, incorporating a low back pain management booklet and practitioner training session, to reduce non-indicated imaging for low back pain has been developed based on theories of behaviour change. This study aimed to explore general medical practitioner experiences using the low back pain management booklet in clinical practice to 1) determine the adoption, feasibility of use, and appropriateness of the booklet; and 2) identify implementation strategies to address barriers to use.Methods Fourteen general medical practitioners were recruited and trained to use the booklet with low back pain patients over a minimum five-month period. Quantitative data on use of the booklet were collected and analysed descriptively. Qualitative data were collected in general medical practitioner interviews and thematically analysed. Barriers to use were identified and mapped to suitable implementation strategies using the Behaviour Change Wheel. Results The 14 general medical practitioners used the booklet with 73 patients. General medical practitioners thought using the booklet helped improve patient management and helped reduce pressure to refer for non-indicated imaging. Facilitators for using the booklet included patient’s requesting imaging and lower practitioner confidence in managing low back pain. Barriers included accessible storage and remembering to use the booklet. Implementation strategies were identified to increase adoption and feasibility of use, including development of a digital version of the booklet.Conclusions General medical practitioners reported that the low back pain management booklet was useful for clinical practice, particularly with patients requesting imaging. Barriers to use were identified and implementation strategies to address these barriers will be incorporated into future effectiveness studies. This study forms one of a series of studies to develop and test an intervention to reduce non-indicated imaging for low back pain; a successful intervention would decrease healthcare costs and improve patient management.
Anteroposterior Lumbar Spine X-ray of L5 Lamina for Evaluation of Lower Lumbar Disc Herniation in Young Adults
Authors: Jin Lin , Zhang Li , Guo Jialiang , Zhang Ruipeng , Yin Yingchao , Hou Zhiyong , Zhang Yingze 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Plain radiographs are rarely used in the diagnostic evaluation of lumbar disc herniation (LDH). The L5 lamina is the important skeletal structure at the back of the lower lumbar vertebra. This study investigated the association between the height of L5 lamina under anteroposterior lumbar spine X-ray and lower LDH, to determine its significance to the onset of LDH in young adults.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 160 patients aged 18 to 39 years with lower LDH and 160 healthy controls. The anteroposterior lumbar spine X-ray was used to image features of the L5 lamina. The height of L5 lamina (“h”) and of the space between L4 and S1 lamina (“H”) were measured. The difference in height of L5 lamina in each study group was assessed as the ratio of “h/H”. Results: There was no significant difference in sex, age, occupation type, body mass index (BMI), family history or smoking status (p>0.05) between LDH group and the control group. The mean ratio (95% CI) of “h/H” in LDH and control group was 0.28 (0.26, 0.31) and 0.35 (0.32, 0.38) respectively, with statistical difference (p<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy of “h/H” ratio was investigated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The area under the curve was 0.835 (95% CI 0.789, 0.881), using a cut-off of 0.315 (sensitivity 0.806, specificity 0.794). A decrease in the “h/H” ratio, showed an increasing linear trend in the protrusion proportion of L4/5 segments (Z=5.943, p<0.05).Conclusions: The onset of lower LDH in young adults is related to the developmental difference in L5 Lamina. Young adults with developmental defects of L5 lamina are more likely to develop lower LDH. Assessment of “h/H” ratio could be used for evaluation or prediction of asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic lower LDH in young adults.
Suppression of TGF-beta activity with remobilization attenuates immobilization-induced joint contracture in rats
Authors: Mao Dong , Mi Jingyi , Pan Xiaoyun , Li Fengfeng , Rui Yongjun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Joint contracture is a common complication of joint injury. This study aimed to assess the effect of inhibiting the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling during joint immobilization and remobilization on immobilization-induced joint contracture in rats.
Methods
The knees of rats were immobilized using Kirschner wires following trauma to the femoral condyles to generate joint contracture. After immobilization, levels of TGF-β and passive extension range of motion (ROM) were measured at different time points, joints were histologically analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson trichrome staining, and the expression of inflammatory or fibrosis-related mediators, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), phosphorylated Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen types I (Col 1) and III (Col 3), were examined in joint capsules using immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Rats were also treated with LY2157299, a TGF-β receptor I kinase inhibitor, at different stages of immobilization and remobilization.
Results
TGF-β1 levels in the serum and the number of p-Smad2/3+ cells in the joint capsule were significantly elevated after immobilization. ROM decreased during the 6 weeks of immobilization and partly recovered after remobilization. After treatment with LY2157299 during immobilization, the restricted ROM moderately increased, but this effect was stronger when combined with active motion. Mechanistically, the expression of IL-1β, TGF-β, fibrosis-related factors, and the density of collagen significantly decreased after treatment with LY2157299.
Conclusions
Inhibiting TGF-β signaling paired with active motion effectively attenuated the formation of immobilization-induced joint contracture in rats.
Evaluation of Coat Color Inheritance and Production Performance for Cossbreed from Chinese Indigenous Chenghua Pig Crossbred with Berkshire
Authors: Wang Xue , Gong Zhengyin , Zou Qin , Zhu Li , Tang Guoqing , Li Mingzhou , Li Xuewei , Zhang Zhailin , Xu Zhiyong , Sun Yanjun , Jiang Yanzhi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Crossbreeding programs have been used extensively to improve the native pig’s overall production performance while maintaining superior meat quality. Chenghua (CH) pig is a traditional Chinese indigenous breed with superior meat quality characteristic but poor growth and carcass traits. In recent years, we implemented Berkshire × Chenghua (BC) crossbreeding scheme and have bred the new crossbreed BC pig through selection for four generations. The present objective was to determine the black coat inheritance and evaluate production performance for crossbreed BC F4 pigs in comparison with those of control purebred CH pigs. Results: Coat color of crossbreed BC pigs exhibits a “dominant black” hereditary pattern. Twelve mutation sites for MC1R gene were identified between “uniform black type” and “domino black spotting type” pigs and all piglets derived from boars or sows genotyped ED1ED1 homozygous for MC1R gene showed uniform black coat phenotype. The crossbreed BC F4 gilts displayed a relatively good reproductive performance, showing a higher litter (total no. born: 12.06 and no. born alive: 11.14) and tear size (13.14), heavier at farrowing litter (11.92 kg) and at weaning litter (65.87 kg) than purebred CH gilts, but they reached puberty later than CH gilts (178.44 vs.125.45). The crossbreed BC F4 pigs exhibited improved growth and carcass characteristics with a higher average daily live weight gain (535.28 g vs. 447.11 g), lower feed-to-gain ratio (3.06 vs. 4.03), and higher carcass lean meat rate (50.76% vs. 42.58%) than purebred CH pigs. Importantly, similar to those of purebred CH pigs, the crossbreed BC F4 pigs produced super meat-quality characteristics, showing ideal pH and meat-color values, high intramuscular fat content (3.24%) and water-holding capacity (drip loss: 1.68%), and acceptable muscle-fibre parameters. C18:1, C16:0, C18:0, and C18:2 were the main fatty acids in M. longissimus lumborum in the two breeds, and a very high polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio of ~0.39 was observed in the BC F4 pigs. Conclusion: These results indicate that crossbreed BC F4 pigs exhibit a uniform black coat pattern and acceptable total production performance, and it can be extensively used in commercial pig production to provide high-quality niche products.
Comparison of Midwifery Consultation and Fluoxetine on IVF Outcomes in Depressed Infertile Women: A Clinical Trial Research Study
Authors: Keshavarz Sedigheh , Morshed-Behbahani Bahar , Parsanezhad Mohammad Ebrahim , Akbarzadeh Marzieh 
Published: August 2020

Background:
A lot of research has been done to improve the treatment of infertility and increase the quality
and effectiveness of performance.

Objective:
In this randomized clinical trial study (IRCT2014031116911N2), we compared the effect
of Fluoxetine and midwifery consultation on infertile women suffering from depression and the
focus of the study was on the results of In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) treatment.

Methods:
90 infertile women who suffered from mild to moderate depression according to the Beck
Inventory and had undergone IVF treatment were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups. The
control group, the second group, were treated with Fluoxetine 20 mg, and the third group received 6
sessions of midwifery consultation and then the outcomes were reviewed. The amount of cortisol in
the women’s sera was measured in three stages and the level of depression and anxiety was measured
in two stages.

Results:
The pregnancy rate in the midwifery consultation group (n=13) was about two times as
high as that in the fluoxetine group (n=7) and three times as high as that in the control group (n=4);
there was a statistically significant difference among the groups (P=0.016); as to the abortions occurring
in each group (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
Providing the people undergoing IVF treatment with emotional and mental support
will increase their chances of pregnancy and this kind of support will be helpful for the patients if it
is given in the form of midwifery consultation.
DA Review on Performance Evaluation of Bi2Te3-based and some other Thermoelectric Nanostructured Materials
Authors: Amin Bhuiyan Mohammad Ruhul , Mamur Hayati , Dilmaç Ömer Faruk 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Future sustainable energy industrialization is a green energy source that has
a lower circumstantial impact than traditional energy technologies. The advancement of new energy
generation is important to expand the share of renewable energy sources.

Objective:
Worldwide, for the next generation, future energy demand may be fulfilled by using one
of the renewable energy sources such as thermo electricity.

Methods:
The bismuth telluride–based (Bi2Te3-based) nanostructure material in thermo electricity
still has a major part of applications. It is known as the most prospective TE device manufactured
from a research arena towards successful commercialization.

Results:
The Bi2Te3-based nanostructure material is now on commercialization stages that it has
some limitations. In order to find out the future direction of research and development of this material,
the material will face a challenging way.

Conclusion:
The review paper provides an effective approach to overcome the limitation of Bi2Te3-
based nanostructure. Moreover, in this review paper, the performance evaluation with existing
Bi2Te3-based nanostructure and some other TE materials will be discussed in detail.