bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy and Fenestration Discectomy to Treat Posterior Ring Apophyseal Fractures: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Yao‐bin , Chen Shu‐lian , Cao Chen , Zhang Kai , Liu Li‐min , Gao Yan‐zheng 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy and safety of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) and fenestration discectomy (FD) for posterior ring apophyseal fractures (PRAF).MethodsThis study was a retrospective cohort control study. A total of 96 patients with lumbar PRAF who underwent surgical treatment at the Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Henan University from September 2013 to December 2017 were retrospectively examined, of which 51 were treated by PTED and 45 by FD. The average age of those in the PTED group was 28.24 years, including 38 males and 13 females. The average age of those in the FD group was 28.07 years, with 33 males and 12 females. Operation time, total blood loss, hospitalization days, preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS), and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores were evaluated. Modified MacNab criteria were used to evaluate the clinical effect at the last follow‐up.ResultsBoth operations were successful and no serious complications occurred. All patients were followed up for 12–30 (average 16.7 ± 3.2) months, and no patients were lost to follow‐up. No statistically significant difference was found in the mean age and gender between the PTED group and the FD group (P < 0.05). Operation time, total blood loss, and length of hospital stay were significantly lower in the PTED group (87.65 ± 13.15 min, 12.78 ± 4.95 mL, and 6.80 ± 1.67 days, respectively) than in the FD group (114.11 ± 14.39 min, 30.89 ± 7.09 mL, and 11.71 ± 1.98 days, respectively) (P < 0.05). The VAS and ODI scores of the two groups at postoperative day 1 (PTED: 3.82 ± 0.97, 37.73% ± 3.72%; FD: 3.62 ± 1.09, 36.62% ± 3.05%), and at 3 months (PTED: 2.90 ± 1.08, 26.02% ± 2.90%; FD: 3.07 ± 0.99, 27.16% ± 4.02%), 6 months (PTED: 2.31 ± 0.88, 22.53% ± 2.67%; FD: 2.36 ± 0.77, 21.18% ± 3.35%), and the last follow‐up (PTED: 1.90 ± 0.83, 19.88% ± 3.01%; FD: 1.89 ± 0.86, 18.22% ± 3.03%) were significantly different from the preoperative scores (PTED: 6.53 ± 1.00, 55.24% ± 4.54%; FD: 6.78 ± 1.31, 53.56% ± 5.73%) (P < 0.05). The VAS and ODI scores at 3 months postoperatively, 6 months postoperatively, and the last follow up were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). In the PTED group, 2 patients developed a transient nerve stimulation symptom within 1 day after surgery and 1 patient had recurrence at 3 months after surgery. In the FD group, 2 patients had severe dural ruptures due to adhesion during surgery, 1 patient developed infection complications, and 2 patients relapsed at 2 and 3 months after surgery. At the last follow‐up, the modified MacNab criteria for clinical effect were 93.3% and 94.1% in the FD and PTED groups, respectively.ConclusionWhile PTED has the same efficacy as FD for treating PRAF, it is associated with shorter operation time, less trauma, and quicker recovery.
Phospholipase Dα1 mediates the high‐Mg2+ stress response partially through regulation of K+ homeostasis
Authors: Kocourková Daniela , Krčková Zuzana , Pejchar Přemysl , Kroumanová Kristýna , Podmanická Tereza , Daněk Michal , Martinec Jan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntracellular levels of Mg2+ are tightly regulated, as Mg2+ deficiency or excess affects normal plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis, we determined that phospholipase Dα1 (PLDα1) is involved in the stress response to high‐magnesium conditions. The T‐DNA insertion mutant pldα1 is hypersensitive to increased concentrations of magnesium, exhibiting reduced primary root length and fresh weight. PLDα1 activity increases rapidly after high‐Mg2+ treatment, and this increase was found to be dose dependent. Two lines harbouring mutations in the HKD motif, which is essential for PLDα1 activity, displayed the same high‐Mg2+ hypersensitivity of pldα1 plants. Moreover, we show that high concentrations of Mg2+ disrupt K+ homeostasis, and that transcription of K+ homeostasis‐related genes CIPK9 and HAK5 is impaired in pldα1. Additionally, we found that the akt1, hak5 double mutant is hypersensitive to high‐Mg2+. We conclude that in Arabidopsis, the enzyme activity of PLDα1 is vital in the response to high‐Mg2+ conditions, and that PLDα1 mediates this response partially through regulation of K+ homeostasis.
When leader–member exchange differentiation improves work group functioning: The combined roles of differentiation bases and reward interdependence
Authors: Han Joo Hun , Liao Hui , Han Jian , Li Alex Ning 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDrawing on social hierarchy theory, we develop a contingency model of leader–member exchange (LMX) differentiation in which LMX differentiation is positively and negatively related to group cooperation and group social undermining, respectively, when it is based on the group members’ performance, but the relations are reversed (i.e., negative and positive, respectively) when it stems from a leader's personal liking of the members. In addition, we propose that the moderating effects of the performance and personal liking bases of LMX differentiation are magnified by the levels of reward interdependence. Specifically, under a high (vs. low) level of reward interdependence, LMX differentiation based on performance more strongly relates to high group cooperation and low group social undermining, whereas LMX differentiation with a personal liking basis is more likely to decrease group cooperation and increase group social undermining. Group cooperation and social undermining are then hypothesized to convey the three‐way interactive effects of LMX differentiation, its two bases, and reward interdependence on subsequent group performance. Analyses of data from 328 sales groups of a large retailer support the core part of our contingency model of LMX differentiation.
A Sharp Jump in Photocatalytic Activity of Elemental Sulfur for Dye Degradation in Alkaline Solution
Authors: Peyman Vahideh Alvandi , Azizian Saeid 
Published: June 2020

AbstractElemental sulfur is a low‐cost and abundant substance as one of the largest by‐products of the oil industry which was widely used in many industrial activities. Cyclo‐octasulfur (S8) is one of the sulfur allotropes that is a very stable substance in standard conditions. In this study, we report a low‐cost and fast method for the degradation of methyl violet in water under visible light and also sunlight by using elemental sulfur (S8). The results show that sulfur is a good photocatalyst which operates under visible light and can be utilized for degradation of methyl violet. The photocatalytic degradation of methyl violet in acidic, neutral, and alkaline media was investigated, and it was found that the photocatalytic efficiency increases dramatically in alkaline solution. The effects of the initial concentration of the dye, photocatalyst dosage, solution pH, and photocatalyst reusability were investigated. The kinetics of the reaction were studied in detail, and the photocatalytic rate equation was presented.
SnToxA, SnTox1, and SnTox3 originated in Parastagonospora nodorum in the Fertile Crescent
Authors: Ghaderi Fariba , Sharifnabi Bahram , Javan‐Nikkhah Mohammad , Brunner Patrick C. , McDonald Bruce A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe centre of origin of the globally distributed wheat pathogen Parastagonospora nodorum has remained uncertain because only a small number of isolates from the Fertile Crescent were included in earlier population genetic and phylogeographic studies. We isolated and genetically analysed 193 P. nodorum strains from three naturally infected wheat fields distributed across Iran using 11 neutral microsatellite loci. Compared to previous studies that included populations from North America, Europe, Africa, Australia, and China, the populations from Iran had the highest genetic diversity globally and also exhibited greater population structure over smaller spatial scales, patterns typically associated with the centre of origin of a species. Genes encoding the necrotrophic effectors SnToxA, SnTox1, and SnTox3 were found at a high frequency in the Iranian population. By sequencing 96 randomly chosen Iranian strains, we detected new alleles for all three effector genes. Analysis of allele diversity showed that all three effector genes had higher diversity in Iran than in any population included in previous studies, with Iran acting as a hub for the effector diversity that was found in other global populations. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that P. nodorum originated either within or nearby the Fertile Crescent with a genome that already encoded all three necrotrophic effectors during its emergence as a pathogen on wheat. Our findings also suggest that P. nodorum was the original source of the ToxA genes discovered in the wheat pathogens Phaeosphaeria avenaria f. sp. tritici 1, Pyrenophora tritici‐repentis, and Bipolaris sorokiniana.
Caries among adult patients with controlled celiac disease: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Khalaf Mai E. , Akbar Aqdar , Alkhubaizi Qoot , Qudeimat Muawia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionCeliac disease (CD) is one of the most common chronic gastrointestinal disorders in the world. Currently, the literature about the dental profiles of patients with celiac disease is sparse and no studies have reported on the oral conditions and caries status of CD patients in Kuwait.ObjectiveThis study investigated the association between CD and caries experience.MethodsTwo groups were examined; study and control. The study group consisted of controlled celiac disease patients. The control group consisted of subjects who were matched for age and gender to the study group participants. Both groups received clinical and radiographic examinations of their oral cavity. Parameters recorded for the study purposes were—dental caries index (decayed, missing, and filled teeth), salivary flow rates (stimulated and unstimulated), salivary buffering capacity and Lactobacilli and mutans Streptococci bacterial counts.ResultsPatients with CD had statistically significant fewer missing teeth than the controls. There were no other significant differences. Measured stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rates and salivary buffering capacity showed no statistical differences. Bacterial counts revealed no significant differences.ConclusionAdult patients with controlled CD showed fewer missing teeth than their counterparts. Other caries and salivary parameters showed no statistical differences between the two groups.
Ultrasound features of the subungual glomus tumor and squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Sechi Andrea , Alessandrini Aurora , Patrizi Annalisa , Starace Michela , Caposiena Caro Raffaele Dante , Vara Giulio , Brandi Nicolò , Golfieri Rita , Piraccini Bianca Maria 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundNail tumors often pose a significant challenge for the clinician, as they are burdened by a high delay in diagnosis and paucity of clinical signs in the early stage. In most cases, the onset of pain or nail plate dystrophy leads to imaging investigations such as plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography (US) when surgery is pending.Material and MethodsA 2‐year monocentric study evaluated the histologically confirmed cases of subungual glomus tumor (GT) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a pre‐surgical US assessment, and reviewed their sonography features. A total of 7 digital GTs and 6 SCCs of the nail were collected.ResultsGT and SCC are easily distinguishable on US. Compared to SCC, GT was positively associated with an ovoid shape, well‐defined borders, bone cup‐scalloping without cortical erosion, and a rich intralesional vascular pattern (P < 0.05). Vice versa, SCC was significantly correlated with irregular shape, ill‐circumscribed margins, an infiltrative growth pattern with peripheral hypoechoic foci, posterior acoustic shadow, cortical erosion, and a highly vascular multipolar peripheral pattern (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe rapid assessment of GT and SCC sonographic features may contribute to reduce diagnostic delay, expedite management, and decrease the risk of surgical relapse.
Evaluation of diagnostic criteria of actinic keratosis through reflectance confocal microscopy
Authors: Nascimento Cavalleiro Macedo Mota Amanda , Piñeiro‐Maceira Juan Manuel , Baptista Barcaui Carlos 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of actinic keratosis (AK) is based on clinical evaluation and confirmed by histopathological analysis (HA). The challenge is to establish the correct diagnosis with a minimally invasive assessment. The aim of this study is to validate the analysis of AK by reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), a cellular resolution, noninvasive imaging method and to determine the relevant parameters for diagnosis, compared to HA, by calculating the sensitivity (S), specificity (E), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of each criterion.Materials and methodsThrough clinical examination, 25 AKs were selected for dermoscopy and RCM evaluation followed by shaving excision for HA. Statistical analysis was done by hypothesis tests (McNemar for binary and Wilcoxon for continuous variables).ResultsThere was no significant difference between RCM and HA for 5 of the 6 parameters analyzed. The criteria that were statistically relevant were as follows: parakeratosis (p‐value 0.449690; S 90%; PPV 78.26%), hyperkeratosis (p‐value 0.248213; S 87.5%; E 100%; PPV 100%; NPV 25%), dyskeratosis (p‐value 0.617075; S 85.71%; E 75%; PPV 94.74%; NPV 50%), spinous layer keratinocyte atypia classified as mild, moderate or severe (P‐value 0.145032) and inflammation in epidermis (P‐value 1.000000; S 75%; E 20%; PPV 78.95%; NPV 16.67%). RCM could not adequately measure inflammation in dermis (P‐value 0.013328), despite good sensitivity (68%) and PPV (100%).ConclusionRCM proved to be an effective method for the diagnosis of AK, contributing to the selection of the most appropriate treatment option.
In vivo Raman spectroscopy study on the stimulation mechanism of surfactant
Authors: He Yifan , Wu Wenhai , Li Jing , Liu Youting , Qu Zhaohui , Liu Yuhong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundSurfactant is widely used in skin care products and cleansers, while it may cause physical discomfort. In this study, in vivo Raman spectroscopy was used to explore surfactant irritation mechanism on skin, which was not found in literature.MethodsSodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was chosen to represent surfactant. Research on the negative effect of SDS was undertaken by scanning the two states of the skin (without and with the contact of SDS), respectively, on six volunteers, by means of Raman technique and skin magnifier.ResultsThe damage to the surface of normal skin by SDS was visible from the photographs taken by skin magnifier, and the apparent damage matched the damage that was happening underneath the skin elucidated by Raman spectra. Compared to the normal skin, the inter‐cellular lipids (ICL) lateral packing order of the damaged skin was significantly reduced in 2‐12 μm of skin depth (P < 0.05), deeper than 12 μm was not detected. The skin depth of 0‐2 μm could not be determined due to strong interference of SDS. Significant change in the secondary and tertiary structures of keratin was not found.
Association between the kinetics of cytomegalovirus reactivation evaluated in terms of the area under the curve of cytomegalovirus antigenemia and invasive mold infection during the post‐engraftment phase after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kimura Shun‐ichi , Takeshita Junko , Kawamura Masakatsu , Kawamura Shunto , Yoshino Nozomu , Misaki Yukiko , Yoshimura Kazuki , Matsumi Shimpei , Gomyo Ayumi , Akahoshi Yu , Tamaki Masaharu , Kusuda Machiko , Kameda Kazuaki , Wada Hidenori , Kawamura Koji , Sato Miki , Terasako‐Saito Kiriko , Tanihara Aki , Nakasone Hideki , Kako Shinichi , Kanda Yoshinobu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated the clinical impact of cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation calculated in terms of the area under the curve of CMV antigenemia (CMV‐AUC) on the development of invasive mold infection (IMI) in the post‐engraftment phase after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).MethodsAmong 394 consecutive patients who underwent their first allogeneic HSCT at our center between 2007 and 2018, 335 were included after excluding patients with a past history of invasive fungal disease (IFD), the development of IFD before engraftment, engraftment failure, or early death within 30 days. CMV antigenemia (CMV‐AG) was monitored weekly after engraftment and 3 or more cells/2 slides were regarded as positive. CMV‐AUC was calculated by the trapezoidal method using the number of CMV‐AG after logarithmic transformation and the duration in weeks and was added until negative conversion. Patients with CMV reactivation were divided into low and high CMV‐AUC groups using the median value of CMV‐AUC as a threshold.ResultsThere were 17 proven/probable IMIs including one mucormycosis and 16 probable invasive aspergillosis, and the 2‐year cumulative incidence was 1.0% in the negative CMV‐AUC group (n = 136), 3.3% in the low CMV‐AUC group (n = 98) and 13.8% in the high CMV‐AUC group (n = 101) (P = .001). In a multivariate analysis, grade II‐IV acute GVHD (HR 3.74) and CMV‐AUC (HR low 1.25, high 5.91) were identified as independent significant factors associated with a higher incidence of IMI.ConclusionsCytomegalovirus kinetics evaluated in terms of CMV‐AUC were significantly associated with the development of IMI in the post‐engraftment phase after allogeneic HSCT.
Red cell exchange for patients with sickle cell disease: an international survey of current practices
Authors: Karafin Matthew S. , Hendrickson Jeanne E. , Kim Haewon C. , Kuliya‐Gwarzo Aisha , Pagano Monica B. , Perumbeti Ajay , Shi Patricia A. , Tanhehco Yvette C. , Webb Jennifer , Wong Edward , Eichbaum Quentin 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONRed cell exchange (RCE) therapy is increasingly used to treat patients with acute or chronic manifestations of sickle cell disease (SCD). However, little is known regarding the most safe and effective practice parameters associated with this particular therapy.METHODSA SCD subcommittee of members of the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) developed a 122‐question survey and administered it via email to other ASFA members. The survey inquired about clinical indications for treatment, practice patterns, and transfusion policies for RCE when used for patients with SCD.RESULTSNinety‐nine distinct institutions completed the survey. Twenty‐one (21%) were from outside of the US. Twenty‐two (22%) provided chronic transfusion therapy to >10 patients, and both adult (25%) and pediatric‐focused services (20%) were represented. Common acute indications for RCE included acute chest syndrome, acute ischemic stroke, and pre‐surgical prophylaxis. Common chronic indications included primary stroke prophylaxis, secondary stroke prophylaxis, and recurrent acute chest syndrome. Respondents most commonly set a post‐RCE treatment target of 30% for the hematocrit and hemoglobin S levels, regardless of the therapeutic indication. Units for RCE were phenotypically matched in 95% of cases. About 40% of respondents reported using isovolemic hemodilution.CONCLUSIONSThis survey solicited the current practice variations in RCE from a diverse range of practice sites. Many sites reported similar practice patterns and challenges but some variations emerged. To our knowledge, this survey represents the largest and most in‐depth investigation of the use of RCE for patients with SCD, and could inform future studies in the field.
Blood transfusion utilization in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Barriteau Christina M. , Bochey Patricia , Lindholm Paul F. , Hartman Karyn , Sumugod Ricardo , Ramsey Glenn 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe acute respiratory illness designated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and caused a worldwide pandemic. Concerns arose about the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on blood donations and potential significant blood transfusion needs in severely ill COVID‐19 patients. Data on blood usage in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients are scarce.Study Design and MethodsWe performed a retrospective observational study of blood component transfusions in the first 4 weeks of COVID‐19 ward admissions. The study period began 14 days before the first COVID‐19 cohort wards opened in our hospital in March 2020 and ended 28 days afterward. The number of patients and blood components transfused in the COVID‐19 wards was tabulated. Transfusion rates of each blood component were compared in COVID‐19 wards versus all other inpatient wards.ResultsCOVID‐19 wards opened with seven suspected patients and after 4 weeks had 305 cumulative COVID‐19 admissions. Forty‐one of 305 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients (13.4%) received transfusions with 11.1% receiving red blood cells (RBCs), 1.6% platelets (PLTs), 1.0% plasma, and 1.0% cryoprecipitate (cryo). COVID‐19 wards had significantly lower transfusion rates compared to non‐COVID wards for RBCs (0.03 vs 0.08 units/patient‐day), PLTs (0.003 vs 0.033), and plasma (0.002 vs 0.018; all p < 0.0001). Cryo rates were similar (0.008 vs 0.009, p = 0.6).ConclusionsHospitalized COVID‐19 patients required many fewer blood transfusions than other hospitalized patients. COVID‐19 transfusion data will inform planning and preparation of blood resource utilization during the pandemic.
Successful tracheoscopy‐assisted reconstruction of traumatic tracheal avulsion in a cat
Authors: Joffe Michelle R. , Tan Christopher J. , Boland Lara A. , Pilton Joanna L. , Hickey Mara C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo outline the clinical findings, surgical management, complications, and outcomes in a case of intrathoracic, traumatic, tracheal avulsion.Case SummaryA 2‐year‐old domestic shorthair cat presented with respiratory distress 18 days after a motor vehicle accident. A tracheal avulsion was diagnosed and treated by surgical anastomosis. The initial anastomosis failed. The subsequent tracheoscopic‐assisted tracheal anastomosis was successful. The cat had no further episodes of respiratory distress following the second surgery in a 9‐month follow‐up period.Unique Information ProvidedThis communication describes a complication of intrathoracic, traumatic, tracheal avulsion repair that has not previously been described and the use of tracheoscopy during the subsequent surgical procedure to ensure accurate suture placement.