bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Body Mass Index and All-cause Mortality in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Meng Fan-hua , Guo Fei-yan , Abulimiti Burebiguli , Zhao Kai-di , Dong Ying , Ma Xiang , Ma Yi-Tong , Fu Zhen-Yan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: the correlation between BMI and in-hospital mortality of patients with cardiogenic shock is still controversial. We hope to explore whether there is an "obesity paradox" in patients with cardiogenic shock through meta-analysis. Methods PubMed, EMbase and Cochrane databases were searched by computer to include clinical studies related to BMI all-cause mortality of patients with cardiogenic shock. The search time was from the establishment of the database to July 2020. After screening documents, extracting data and evaluating quality according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two evaluators used RevMan5.3 statistical software provided by Cochrane Collaboration Network for Meta-analysis. Results There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality (OR=0.86, 95% CI 0.71-1.06, P=0. 16) between the obese and the non-obese patients with cardiogenic shock. In subgroup analysis, in the American population, developed countries and retrospective studies, the all-cause mortality in the obesity group of patients with cardiogenic shock is lower than that of the non-obese group (OR=0.86, 95% CI 0.71-1.06, P=0. 16; OR=0.71,95%CI0.65-0.77, P＜0.00001; OR=0.71，95%CI0.66-0.76, P＜0.00001).Conclusion For patients with cardiogenic shock, there is an "obesity paradox", there is no significant difference in all-cause mortality between obese group and non-obese group. In the subgroup analysis, it was found that the in-hospital all-cause mortality rate of patients with cardiogenic shock in obese group was lower than that in non-obese group according to the country, economic development level and research type. The exact cause of this phenomenon requires more clinical trials and meta-analysis in the future.
Essential genes and miRNA-mRNA network contributing to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Hao Shengyu , Jiang Pan , Xie Liang , Xiang Guiling , Liu Zilong , Hu Weiping , Wu Qinhan , Li Shanqun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a life-threatening disease. Owing to its high fatality rate and narrow therapeutic options, identification of the pathogenic mechanisms of IPAH is becoming increasingly important.Methods: In our research, we utilized the Robust Rank Aggregating (RRA) method to integrate four eligible PAH microarray datasets and identified the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IPAH and normal samples. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were performed to analyze their functions. The interaction network of protein-protein internet (PPI) was constructed to explore the correlation between these DEGs. The functional modules and hub genes were further identified by the weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Moreover, a miRNA microarray dataset was involved and analyzed to filter differentially expressed miRNA (DE-miRNAs). Potential target genes of screened DE-miRNAs were predicted and merged with DEGs to explore a miRNA-mRNA network in IPAH. Some hub genes were selected and validated by RT-PCR in lung tissues from PAH animal model.Results: A total of 260 DEGs, consisting of 183 upregulated and 77 down-regulated significant DEGs were identified, and some of those genes were novel. Their molecular roles in the etiology of IPAH remained vague. The most crucial functional module involved in IPAH mainly enriched in biological processes, including leukocyte migration, cell chemotaxis, and myeloid leukocyte migration. Construction and analysis of the PPI network showed that CXCL10, CXCL9, CCR1, CX3CR1, CX3CL1, CXCR2, CXCR1, PF4, CCL4L1, and ADORA3 were recognized as top10 hub genes with high connectivity degrees. WGCNA further identified five main functional modules involved in the pathogenesis of IPAH. 12 upregulated DE-miRNAs and 9 downregulated DE-miRNAs were identified. Among them, four downregulated DEGs, and eight upregulated DEGs were supposed to be negatively regulated by three upregulated DE-miRNAs, and three downregulated DE-miRNAs, respectively.Conclusions: This study identifies some key and functional coexpression modules involved in IPAH, as well as a potential IPAH-related miRNA-mRNA regulated network. It provides deepening insights into the molecular mechanisms and provides vital clues in seeking novel therapeutic targets for IPAH.
Active Galactic Nuclei as Factories for Eccentric Black Hole Mergers
Authors: Samsing Johan , Bartos Imre , D'Orazio Daniel , Haiman Zoltan , Kocsis Bence , Leigh Nathan , Liu Bin , Pessah Martin , Tagawa Hiromichi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Black hole mergers detected by LIGO and Virgo continue delivering transformational discoveries. The most recent example is the merger GW190521, which is the first detected with component masses exceeding the limit predicted by stellar models, and the first with non-zero orbital eccentricity. The large masses can be explained by build up through successive mergers, which has been suggested to occur efficiently in the gas disks of active galactic nuclei (AGN). The eccentricity, however, is a major puzzle. Here we show that AGN-disk environments naturally lead to a very high fraction of highly eccentric mergers, if interactions between binaries and singles are frequent, and the interactions are constrained to a plane representing the AGN-disk. By deriving a statistical solution to the chaotic 3-body problem with the inclusion of General Relativistic corrections, we find in our fiducial AGN-disk model that up to 70 percent of all black hole mergers could appear with an eccentricity >0.1 in LIGO/Virgo. Besides representing the most effective mechanism for producing eccentric mergers presented to date, our results have also profound implications for the origin of GW190521, and open up new lines of research on black hole scatterings in disk environments with far-reaching implications for gravitational wave astrophysics.
Identification of potential hub genes associated with skin wound healing based on time course bioinformatic analyses
Authors: Gao Wei , Zhu Hai-jun , Fan Meng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the body and has many functions. Skin wound has become a significant healthcare problem due to the increasing number of trauma and pathophysiological conditions. In an attempt to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of wound healing (WH), gene expression profiles of 37 biopsies collected from patients undergoing split-thickness skin graft at five different time points were downloaded from two data sets (GSE28914 and GSE50425) in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. According to the principal component analysis, the collected samples were divided into four phases, which are intact phase, acute wound phase, inflammation phase and remodelling phase. Subsequently, different expression genes, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway functional enrichment analyses and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were performed in each phase. Furthermore, based on the PPI results, hub genes in each phase were identified by Molecular Complex Detection combined with ClueGO algorithm. This comprehensive bioinformatic re-analysis of GEO data provides new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of WH and the potential identification of therapeutic targets for the treatment of WH.
Evaluation of the Hemostatic Effect of a Combination of Hemostatic Agents and Fibrin Glue in a Rabbit Venous Hemorrhage Model
Authors: Takizawa Katsumi , Okazaki Daiki , Takegawa Yoshitaka , Koga Yuki , Sagata Masataka , Michishita Kenichi , Shinya Noriko 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn neurosurgery, it is important to use local hemostatic agents. We have explored a more powerful method of hemostasis by the combination of commercially available hemostatic agents with fibrin glue in the hopes of synergistic effects.MethodA bleeding model was constructed by puncturing the rabbit posterior vena cava with a needle. After applying the sample to the bleeding point, compression was performed for 10 seconds. If temporary hemostasis was achieved after pressure release, a 30 second wash was performed to confirm that ultimate hemostasis was achieved. Up to three hemostasis attempts were performed on the same bleeding point until hemostasis was achieved, and the number of attempts required for hemostasis was counted. If hemostasis was not achieved after three attempts, it was counted as four times. Four groups were evaluated: (1) gelatin sponge alone, (2) gelatin sponge + fibrin glue, (3) oxidized cellulose alone, and (4) oxidized cellulose + fibrin glue; each group was tested 16 times.ResultsThe median value (range minimum value–maximum value) of the number of hemostatic attempts in Group 1 to Group 4 was 3 (1–4), 1 (1–1), 4 (4–4), and 4 (2–4). In Group 2, there were two test exclusions owing to deviations of the test procedure.ConclusionsThe compatibility of gelatin sponge and fibrin glue was very good, with a very strong and rapid hemostatic effect compared to other methods, showed its usefulness. This combination method may be effective for a variety of venous hemorrhages in neurosurgery.
Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based high-throughput online assay for key cell wall features that determine sugarcane bagasse digestibility
Authors: Li Xinru , Ma Fumin , Liang Chengping , Wang Maoyao , Zhang Yan , Shen Yufei , Adnan Muhammad , Lu Pan , Khan Muhanmmad Tahir , Huang Jiangfeng , Zhang Muqing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The improvement of sugarcane cell wall structure is a promising strategy to enhance the bagasse digestibility to improve its prospects as a bioenergy crop. In this context, cellulose crystallinity (CrI) and lignin are the key parameters that influence the saccharification efficiency. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a high-throughput assay for online characterization of these cell wall features in sugarcane. Results: A total of 838 different sugarcane genotypes were collected at different growth stages during 2018 and 2019. A continuous variation distribution of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was observed among the sugarcane samples. Due to significant diversity of the cell wall features in the sampled population of the crop, seven high quality calibration models were developed through online NIRS calibration. All of the generated equations displayed coefficient of determination (R2) values higher than 0.8 and high ratio performance deviation (RPD) values over 2.0 in calibration, internal cross validation, and external validation. Particularly, the equations for CrI and the total lignin content exhibited the RPD values as high as 2.56 and 2.55, respectively, indicating their excellent prediction capacity. Furthermore, the offline NIRS assay was also performed. A comparable calibration was observed between the offline and online NIRS analyses, suggesting that both of the two strategies would be applicable for estimating cell wall characteristics. Nevertheless, as online NIRS assay offers greater advantages for large-scale screening jobs, it could be implied as a better option for high-throughput cell wall features prediction. Conclusions: This study, as a foremost attempt, explored an online NIRS assay for high-throughput assessment of key sugarcane cell wall attributes in terms of CrI, lignin content, and its proportion in sugarcane. Consistent and precise calibration results were obtained in NIRS modeling; insinuating this strategy as a reliable approach for large-scale screening of promising sugarcane germplasm for cell wall structure improvement and beyond.
A Case report of a Knee Tuberculosis- arthritis in a mid aged lady in India&nbsp;
Authors: Basu Srishti , Mukherjee Dattatreya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a common disease in developing countries but now days the incidence decreased due to the community use of BCG vaccine after birth. A 55 years old female contacted through tele-medicine with history of Right knee pain for last 3 months. CT and MRI of Right knee is referred. The CT and MRI suggested the Knee Tuberculosis(Rice body Appearance) so the patient is referred to the near by internal Orthopedic department for anti tuberculosis treatment.
Clinical efficacy of corticosteroids in the early stage of worsening of COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Liu Zheng , Wang Hui , Liu Jia-Qi , Wang Qian , Li Jing , Jia Cui-Jiao , Gao Chang-Lang , Li Jian-Min , Zhao Dong-Fang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends using corticosteroids in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and a large randomized controlled clinical trial in the UK found that dexamethasone was effective in reducing the number of deaths in patients with severe COVID-19.Case presentation: Herein, we described a case of COVID-19 with the clinical characteristics of the mild-symptomatic stage deteriorating to a critically ill state, who showed dramatic improvement with corticosteroids in the early stage of worsening of COVID-19 pneumonia.Discussion: This article further discusses the most suitable timing and dosage of corticosteroid to maximize its effect during the worsening of COVID-19 pneumonia.Learning points:• One of the main pathophysiological hypotheses for severe COVID-19 pneumonia is related to cytokine storm and viral load.• The clinical factors should be considered as the initial sign of a cytokine storm, and corticosteroid therapy may be useful in these patients.
Covid-19 – Disease Caused By Sars-Cov-2 Infection – Vaccine And New Therapies Research Development
Authors: Nowakowska Elżbieta , Michalak Sylwia Sulimiera 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a new infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). In February 2020 WHO renamed the disease to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Coronaviruses belong to the family of Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales. Scientists have visualized the appearance of the SARS-CoV-2 using microscopic techniques, which has a crown-like shape and contains four structural proteins – S, E, M and N. ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) is a receptor to which SARS-CoV-2 virus particles bind. The primary test to diagnose infection is the RT-PCR (Real time RT-PCR). Research is underway to identify vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 and therapeutic treatments for COVID-19.
1. Introduction. 2. Epidemiology and pathogenesis of the disease. 3. Molecular structure, division and origin of coronaviruses. 4. Coronavirus binding receptors. 5. Ways of transferring infection. 6. Symptoms and course of infection. 7. Preventive recommendations. 8. Characteristics of tests used to diagnose infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. 9. Studies on a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 virus. 10. COVID-19 – treatment guidelines – seeking new therapies. 11. Summary
Reducing Allergenicity by Biocatalytic Conversion of Whey Protein Using Aspergillus oryx season
Authors: Podlegaeva Tatiana , Kozlova Oksana , Kriger Olga , Poturaeva Natalia 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. More than 170 foods can cause allergic reactions in humans. The list of potential allergens includes a lot of dairy products. To reduce the antigenic properties, dairy raw materials can be subjected to thermal treatment. However, prolonged heating reduces the nutritional value, solubility, and digestibility of the final product. Biocatalytic conversion is considered a more effective way to reduce the allergenicity of milk proteins and dairy products.
Study objects and methods. The research featured the bioconversion process of milk whey using an enzyme complex of fungal protease and exo-peptidase produced by Aspergillus oryx season. The research provided an optimal concentration of the enzyme preparation, as well as temperature parameters, reaction time, and the effect of pH on the intensity of the process. The experiment involved standard research methods. The mass fraction of free amino acids was determined by distribution chromatography after protein hydrolysis.
Results and discussion. The research helped to define the effect of enzymatic treatment time and the pH on the hydrolysis of serum proteins after bioconversion. The indicator of the degree of hydrolysis and its time was affected by the concentration of the introduced enzyme preparation. The maximum degree of hydrolysis was observed at pH = 4.0 ± 0.1 with an enzyme-substrate ratio of 1:700. The degree of hydrolysis in samples with an enzyme-substrate ratio of 1:1,000 and 1:700 was almost the same. Therefore, the enzymesubstrate ratio of 1:1,000 proved more effective. The concentration of many important amino acids increased, which indicated the hydrolytic cleavage of the protein. The research made it possible to determine the most effective parameters of the process of biocatalytic conversion of whey enzyme by the protease complex Aspergillus oryx season: the ratio of enzyme-substrate – 1:1,000, time – 60–90 min, pH – 4.0 ± 0.1, temperature – 35–45°C.
Conclusion. The whey samples subjected to biocatalytic conversion by an enzyme complex of the genus Aspergillus oryx season showed the presence of low-molecular peptides in its composition, which indicated the effectiveness of the process and reducing the allergenicity of the whey protein.
OCCUPATIONAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY MEASURES AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN A TERTIARY HEALTH INSTITUTION IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA
Authors: ERAH FRANCIS OSEMHOAHU , CHIJIOKE EVERISTUS ANIAKU , UWAIBI NOEL , J AKAMIEN , OKHAWERE MARTIN 
Published: October 2020

Objectives: The objectives of the study was to determine the occupational hazards HWCs face and the safety measure put in place to mitigate these hazards in a tertiary health institution in Edo State, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used to carry out this study among HWCs in a tertiary health institution. Data were analyzed with IBM-SPSS version 23 and statistical significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: Out of the 163 respondents interviewed, 50.92% of them had poor knowledge of occupational hazard while 49.08% had good knowledge. All the doctors interviewed had good knowledge as compared to a larger proportion of other HWCs who had poor knowledge of occupational hazard and this association was statistically significant. Most of respondents (96.93%) had positive attitude toward occupational hazard with few of them having poor safety measures to avoid injury in the work place.
Conclusion: Majority of Health care workers with the exception of medical doctors have poor knowledge of occupational hazards with poor safety measures though they may have positive attitude.
Learning Cycle Model Assisted Audio Visual Increase Science Knowledge Competence
Authors: Purnamaningsih I Gusti Ayu Ita , Semara Putra DB. KT. Ngr , Wiarta I Wayan 
Published: October 2020

The low ability of science knowledge competence was caused by less optimal use of innovative learning models and the lack of using instructional media. This study aimed to analyze the significant effect of the learning cycle model assisted by audiovisual media on the IPA knowledge competence of the fourth-grade students. The type of this study was a quasi-experimental research with the non-equivalent control group design. The samples in this study were determined using the Cluster Random Sampling technique where by fourth-grade with 30 students as an experimental group and fourth-grade with 31 students as a control group. The population in this study was all students in grade IV elementary school which has 257 students. The data of science knowledge competence were collected using the test method and the instrument used was an ordinary multiple-choice objective. The data were analyzed using a t-test. Based on the result of data analysis, the score of tcount=3,184 while at the significant level 5% and dk = 59 ttable=2,045 so that tcount=3,184 > ttable = 2,045. Based on the testing criteria, then Ho was rejected and 𝐻𝑎 was accepted. There were significant differences in the science knowledge competence between the group control and the experimental group. The average of science knowledge competence students in the experimental group and control group was 85,677 > 70, 935. It can be concluded that the Learning Cycle model assisted by audiovisual media influences the science knowledge competence in the fourth-grade students of elementary school.
KAJIAN KARAKTERISTIK FISIK, MEKANIK DAN AERODINAMIK DAUN TEH HASIL PETIKAN YANG TELAH DILAYUKAN
Authors: Sutejo Agus , Sutrisno Mardjan Suro , Wawan Hermawan , Desrial Desrial 
Published: October 2020

The design of the wilted tea stalk and leaf separation system aims to improve the quality of the tea produced especially by separating the tea leaves and stalks at the beginning of the process. Stages that are needed to be done include designing a chopper machine that is capable of chopping tea stems and leaves to a certain size and designing stem and leaf separation system with the pneumatic principle with suction. In this study, physical, mechanical and aerodynamic characteristics of tea leaves were measured. The result showed that force to release a leaf is in the range of values between 12.24-16.17 N smaller than the need for the cutting force of the stem and leaves and the greatest difference in force is achieved at a water content between 55 and 58% bb (leaves) and 66-68% bb (stalk). The leaf terminal velocity is <3 m s-1 while the tea terminal velocity is > 9 m s-1. Tea leaf yield value is very important as a reference in testing the performance of tea and tea leaf separator machines where the average leaf yield is 77.33% and the average stem yield is 22.67%. Keywords: characteristic of tea leaves, engineering, separation of tea leaves, withering of tea leaves
Profil Kemampuan Literasi Sains Siswa SMP Islam As-Shofa Kota Pekanbaru Berdasarkan PISA
Authors: Sujudi M. Syahrum , Idris Tengku , S Suryanti , Handayani Peny Husna 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh gambaran kemampuan literasi sains siswa SMP Islam As-Shofa Kota Pekanbaru berdasarkan The Programme Internasional Student Assessment (PISA) pada konten Biologi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah soal literasi sains berdasarkan PISA 2009. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan April 2019. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas IX SMP Islam As-Shofa Kota Pekanbaru dengan teknik pengambilan sampel dengan mengggunakan propotional strtified sampling sehingga sampel dikelompokan berdasarkan tingkat kemampuan akademik tinggi, sedang dan rendah dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 135 siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kemampuan literasi sains siswa SMP Islam as-Shofa Kota Pekanbaru kategori rendah dengan persentase 56,86%. Kemampuan berdasarkan kompetensi mengidentifiksi masalah kategori rendah dengan persentase 56,43%, kompetensi menjelaskan fenomena secara ilmiah kategori rendah dengan persentase 54,43% dan kompetensi menggunakan bukti ilmiah kategori rendah dengan persentase 59,71%. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahawa siswa SMP Islam As-Shofa Kota Pekanbaru memiliki kemampuan literasi sains rendah