bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RBMS1 Suppresses Colon Cancer Metastasis through Targeted Stabilization of Its mRNA Regulon
Authors: Yu Johnny , Navickas Albertas , Asgharian Hosseinali , Culbertson Bruce , Fish Lisa , Garcia Kristle , Olegario John Paolo , Dermit Maria , Dodel Martin , Hänisch Benjamin , Luo Yikai , Weinberg Ethan M. , Dienstmann Rodrigo , Warren Robert S. , Mardakheh Faraz K. , Goodarzi Hani 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Identifying master regulators that drive pathologic gene expression is a key challenge in precision oncology. Here, we have developed an analytic framework, named PRADA, that identifies oncogenic RNA-binding proteins through the systematic detection of coordinated changes in their target regulons. Application of this approach to data collected from clinical samples, patient-derived xenografts, and cell line models of colon cancer metastasis revealed the RNA-binding protein RBMS1 as a suppressor of colon cancer progression. We observed that silencing RBMS1 results in increased metastatic capacity in xenograft mouse models, and that restoring its expression blunts metastatic liver colonization. We have found that RBMS1 functions as a posttranscriptional regulator of RNA stability by directly binding its target mRNAs. Together, our findings establish a role for RBMS1 as a previously unknown regulator of RNA stability and as a suppressor of colon cancer metastasis with clinical utility for risk stratification of patients.

Significance:
By applying a new analytic approach to transcriptomic data from clinical samples and models of colon cancer progression, we have identified RBMS1 as a suppressor of metastasis and as a post-transcriptional regulator of RNA stability. Notably, RBMS1 silencing and downregulation of its targets are negatively associated with patient survival.
See related commentary by Carter, p. 1261.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1241
Use of Endoscopic Cartilage Graft Myringoplasty Without Tympanomeatal Flap Elevation to Repair Posterior Marginal Perforations
Authors: Lou Zhengcai 
Published: June 2020

Objective: We evaluated the graft success rate and hearing outcomes of endoscopic cartilage graft myringoplasty without tympanomeatal flap elevation used to repair posterior marginal perforations. Study Design: A prospective case series. Materials and Methods: A total of 31 patients with posterior marginal perforations who underwent endoscopic cartilage graft myringoplasty were included. The outcomes were the hearing gain and graft success rate at 6 and 24 months. Results: The graft success rate was 96.7% (30/31) at 6 months and 90.3% (28/31) at 24 months; 1 patient exhibited composite graft extrusion and lateralization in the region of the anterior annulus; a residual perforation was apparent. Reperforation occurred in 2 patients. The mean preoperative air-bone gap (ABG; 28.61 ± 3.14 dB) was significantly greater than the mean postoperative ABG (12.15 ± 3.98 dB; P < .05) at 6 months; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the post-6 months and post-24 months with regard to ABG values ( P = .871), ABG gain ( P = 0.648), or functional success rate ( P = .472). No significant graft blunting or atelectasis was noted during follow-up. The free perichondrium became fully integrated with the skin of the external auditory canal; the perichondrium could not be clearly distinguished endoscopically 4 to 8 weeks postoperatively. Computed tomography revealed well-pneumatized middle ear and mastoid cavity at postoperative 24 months. Conclusion: Endoscopic cartilage graft myringoplasty without tympanomeatal flap elevation reliably repairs posterior marginal perforations. The short- and long-term graft success rate is high, and the hearing results are satisfactory; the technique is minimally invasive.
Factors influencing the amount of therapy received during inpatient stroke care: an analysis of data from the UK Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme
Authors: Gittins Matthew , Vail Andy , Bowen Audrey , Lugo-Palacios David , Paley Lizz , Bray Benjamin , Gannon Brenda , Tyson Sarah 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: To understand why most stroke patients receive little therapy. We investigated the factors associated with the amount of stroke therapy delivered. Methods: Data regarding adults admitted to hospital with stroke for at least 72 hours (July 2013–July 2015) were extracted from the UK’s Sentinel Stroke National Audit Programme. Descriptive statistics and multilevel mixed effects regression models explored the factors that influenced the amount of therapy received while adjusting for confounding. Results: Of the 94,905 patients in the study cohort (mean age: 76 (SD: 13.2) years, 78% had a mild or moderate severity stroke. In all, 92% required physiotherapy, 87% required occupational therapy, 57% required speech therapy but only 5% were considered to need psychology. The average amount of therapy ranged from 2 minutes (psychology) to 14 minutes (physiotherapy) per day of inpatient stay. Unmodifiable characteristics (such as stroke severity) dominated the variation in the amount of therapy. However important, modifiable organizational factors were the day and time of admission, type of stroke team, timely therapy assessments, therapy and nursing staffing levels (qualified and support staff), and presence of weekend or early supported discharge services. Conclusion: The amount of stroke therapy is associated with unmodifiable patient-related characteristics and modifiable organizational factors in that more therapy was associated with higher therapy and nurse staffing levels, specialist stroke rehabilitation services, timely therapy assessments, and the presence of weekend and early discharge services.
A Single-Center Experience With Percutaneous Interventional Management of Refractory Chylous Ascites
Authors: Tai Elizabeth , Min Adam , Rajan Dheeraj K. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: Management of chylous ascites is poorly understood with no management guidelines. We retrospectively reviewed patients treated for chylous ascites at our institution to evaluate efficacy and safety of lipiodol lymphangiography and embolization. Materials and Methods: Seven patients underwent percutaneous interventional management of chylous ascites (average age 52.5 years, 3 female, 6 post-surgical, 1 pancreatitis) from 2012. All patients underwent lipiodol inguinal lymph node injection. Adjunctive glue embolization was performed if a leak was identified. Data were collected on the cause of chylous ascites, conservative management strategies, procedural details, and success. Results: All patients had chylous ascites refractory to conservative management. Preprocedure lymphoscintigraphy identified a retroperitoneal leak in 6 patients. Seven patients underwent 12 lymphangiogram procedures; 8 were performed at our institution. Lymphangiography identified a leak in 5 patients (71%). Success was achieved in 2 patients (28%) treated at our institution after glue embolization following cannulation of the leaking lymphatic channels and 1 patient (14%) after lymphangiography alone for an overall success rate of 43% (3/7). Two patients (29%) were successfully treated after one procedure. Two patients (29%) unsuccessfully treated at our institution were referred to a specialized center in the United States. No 30 day post procedural complications. Conclusions: In our experience, lymphangiography and embolization was a safe, relatively effective and minimally invasive method for treating medically refractory chylous ascites. Complex cases required referral to a specialized institution with resources unavailable at our tertiary care center.
Introduction: Socialism to Be Embodied
Authors: Lehmann Maike , Oberländer Alexandra 
Published: June 2020

This article belongs to the special cluster, “Family, Gender and (dis)Abled Bodies after 1953”, guest-edited by Maike Lehmann and Alexandra Oberländer. While the ideal of the New Socialist Wo/Man was never fully realized and seems to have been abandoned across the Eastern Bloc after 1953, the question still arises what role individuals were to play within the socialist system. As dichotomous conceptualizations of state and society have been repeatedly criticized in recent years, we propose to look at how the role of the individual was imagined by different actors in Eastern European countries and how the ideals inherent in these imaginations were (to be) embodied. One possible avenue would be to explore the role of official language for subjectivization processes as they have been discussed during the last twenty years in Soviet studies. We, however, want to turn the attention towards the body and its role in shaping the individual in a cluster dealing with the impact family, gender, and dis/ability (were meant to) have on the formation of an individual body and its place within broader society. This is to explore some of the ways in which anybody could become somebody in socialist Eastern Europe and might help to shift the attention from dichotomous conceptualizations of political dogma and social practice towards an exploration of socialism as a diverse, yet specific cultural system.
Influences on Body Size Perceptions Among Black Women in the Mississippi Delta
Authors: Coleman Lois , Bass Martha , Cafer Annie , Ford-Wade Allison , Loftin Mark 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: To identify factors that influence Black women’s body size perceptions Design: Interviews (cognitive mapping exercise) with 25 women; focus group with 7 additional women Setting: Mississippi Delta Participants: Thirty-two black women Measures: Influences on body size perceptions, body mass index, and body satisfaction Analysis: Interviewee maps were combined and condensed, using matrix addition and qualitative aggregation, to create a social map. The social map was presented to a focus group. A paired sample t test and descriptive statistics were run to assess weight perception accuracy and body satisfaction. Results: The initial social map contained 27 variables. Male preferences (87.5%) and appearance (64%) were believed by most participants to influence perceptions of body size. The focus group identified lack of encouragement, stress, and substance use as factors worth adding to the map. A statistically significant proportion of interviewees possessed an inaccurate weight perception, t(24) = 2.741, P < .05. Furthermore, 76% were dissatisfied with their current weight status and 80% desired a healthy body size. Conclusion: These findings provide practitioners with leverage points, beyond diet and physical activity, that may improve the efficacy of weight reduction interventions among black women. Considering the paucity of research regarding influences on body size perceptions, this study also provides researchers with participant-defined variables worthy of further examination.
Assessment of the Use of Pharmacologic Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Post-Traumatic Brain Injury Patients
Authors: Saadi Raghad , Brandt Kimberly , Madlinger Robert , Nerenberg Steven F. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Prophylaxis (PPX) beyond 48 hours increases VTE risk 3- to 4-fold. Pharmacologic VTE PPX initiation is controversial due to potential bleeding complications. Objective: To evaluate VTE PPX in patients with TBI for practice variation, efficacy, and safety. Methods: Retrospective review from January 2013 to September 2016 in adults admitted to the intensive care unit with moderate to severe TBI. Demographics, time to stable computerized tomography scan, time to PPX initiation, PPX regimen, and incidences of VTE and adverse effects were collected. Data were analyzed via descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and linear regression models. Results: Of 96 patients included, 14.6% did not receive VTE PPX (G1), 7.3% initiated therapy within 0 to 24 hours (G2), 14.6% after 24 to 48 hours (G3), and 63.5% after 48 hours (G4). VTE occurred in 0% of G1 and G2, 28.6% of G3, and 8.2% of G4 patients ( P = .038). Of 9 VTE cases, 8 received medical and 1 received trauma PPX dosing ( P = .44). There were 3 major bleeds ( P = .79) and 19 minor bleeds ( P = .042). Of 14 fatalities, 42.9% were in G1, 0% in G2, 14.2% in G3, and 42.9% in G4 ( P = .009). Conclusion: The majority of patients received delayed PPX, with no correlation between VTE incidence and PPX regimen. There was a significant difference in VTE incidence stratified by time to PPX. Further studies are required to determine optimal timing of PPX. Higher mortality rate was correlated with the lack of PPX. Increased minor bleeds occurred with earlier PPX initiation.
Controlling Nutritional Status score: A novel prognostic marker for patients with community‐acquired pneumonia
Authors: Yıldırım Birdal , Biteker Funda Sungur , Acar Ethem , Demir Ahmet 
Published: June 2020

Objective:We aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic value of malnutrition assessed by Controlling Nutritional Status score in community‐acquired pneumonia patients.Methods:All adult patients admitted to our emergency department and hospitalized for community‐acquired pneumonia were prospectively followed‐up until hospital discharge or death. Nutritional status was assessed with the Controlling Nutritional Status score, which is based on serum albumin levels, total cholesterol levels, and lymphocyte counts. The primary study endpoint was complicated hospital course defined as need for mechanical ventilation, mortality, or intensive care unit admission.Results:Three hundred and five patients (mean age 68.6 ± 11.2 years and 51.8% female) were enrolled, and 40 patients (13.1%) had complicated hospitalizations. Older patients, patients with more comorbidities, and patients with higher Controlling Nutritional Status scores on admission were tended to have a higher rate of complications during their hospitalization. Multivariate analysis showed that older age (odds ratio 2.55, 95% confidence interval 1.41–4.64, p < 0.001), presence of diabetes (odds ratio 1.54; 95% confidence interval 1.09–3.65; p = 0.004), pneumonia severity index ⩾ 3 (odds ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 0.524–3.725, p = 0.035), and Controlling Nutritional Status score > 4 (odds ratio 2.23, 95% confidence interval 1.129–3.657, p = 0.001) were independent predictors of complicated hospitalizations.Conclusion:Malnutrition determined by Controlling Nutritional Status score predicts complications in hospitalized patients with community‐acquired pneumonia.
Comparison of microscopic illumination between a three-dimensional heads-up system and eyepiece in cataract surgery
Authors: Nariai Yui , Horiguchi Masayuki , Mizuguchi Tadashi , Sakurai Ryota , Tanikawa Atsuhiro 
Published: June 2020

Introduction The ability to reduce illumination levels is generally accepted as one of the main benefits of a three-dimensional heads-up system (3D system: Ngenuity®; Alcon, CA, USA). Some studies have focused on illumination reduction in vitreoretinal procedures; however, information regarding illumination reduction in cataract surgery has not been published. Purpose This study aimed to compare the illumination of the operational field with a 3D system and a standard microscope eyepiece during cataract surgery. Subject and methods We retrospectively evaluated 91 eyes of 84 consecutive patients who were undergoing cataract surgery at our hospital. We used the 3D system and the eyepiece on alternative days. We determined the minimum light intensity required for safe surgery using the foot switch of the microscope (OMS800; Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). Illuminance on the ocular surface and the minimum illuminance required for the operation were calculated from the minimum light intensity. Results The 3D system was used in 45 eyes (3D group), and the eyepiece was used in 46 eyes (eyepiece group). The values of minimum illuminance in the 3D group were significantly lower than those in the eyepiece group (3D: 5500 ± 2000 lux, eyepiece: 11,900 ± 1800 lux; p < 0.001*). In addition, the illuminance of the operational field was reduced by 60.4% on average using the 3D system. Conclusion With real-time digital processing and automated brightness control, the 3D system reduced ocular surface illumination by 50% or more. Hence, the 3D system may contribute to reducing the risk of retinal phototoxicity and patient photophobia.
The new Myopic Traction Maculopathy Staging System
Authors: Parolini Barbara , Palmieri Michele , Finzi Alessandro , Besozzi Gianluca , Lucente Angela , Nava Ugo , Pinackatt Sajish , Adelman Ron , Frisina Rino 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: To describe a comprehensive OCT-based classification of myopic traction maculopathy (MTM). Methods: Two hundred eighty-one eyes with MTM (visited from 2006 to 2018), were retrospectively reviewed for age, best-corrected-visual-acuity (BCVA), axial length (AL), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and wide-field color fundus-photographs. The study was divided in two Phases. Phase 1: MTM types were categorized with OCT and correlated with age and BCVA. The type of staphyloma was described. Phase 2: the evolution of MTM was studied evaluating at least three OCT exams of each eye taken at different timings (interval between each exam: 1–10 years). Results: Phase 1: We identified, four MTM retinal stages (1. Inner/Outer Maculoschisis; 2. Predominantly outer Maculoschisis; 3. Maculoschisis-Macular Detachment; 4. Macular Detachment) and three foveal stages (a. Normal fovea; b. Inner Lamellar-Macular-Hole; c. Full-Thickness-Macular-Hole). Outer-Lamellar-Macular-Holes and epiretinal abnormalities were associated findings. Stages 1 to 2 were younger than stages 3 to 4 ( p < 0.05). BCVA in stages 1, 2 was similar, and higher than stages 3, 4 ( p < 0.02). About 14% of eyes had no staphyloma, 73% of eyes had staphyloma type 1 or 2. MTM stages were not correlated with AL. Phase 2: The retina could change in time from stage 1 to 4, or the fovea could change from stage a to c. Mean evolution time from stage 1 to 2, stage 2 to 3, and 3 to 4 were 20, 12, 3 months, respectively. BCVA decreased over time as stages increased ( p = 0.47). Conclusion: The MSS Table displays a new classification, the natural evolution, and practical insights for the management of MTM.
Baseline visual acuity and interdigitation zone as predictors in idiopathic epiretinal membranes: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fernandes Tiago Filipe , Sousa Keissy , Azevedo Inês , Gouveia Petra , Calvão-Santos Gil , Gomes Nuno , Falcão Manuel 
Published: June 2020

Objective: Determine which functional and anatomical characteristics may be predictors of final visual acuity in patients with idiopathic ERM (iERM) submitted to pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with ERM and internal and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Subjects: Patients with iERM submitted to PPV between 2016 and 2017. Methods: Data regarding the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the characteristics of the retinal layers observed in SD-OCT were collected preoperatively and until 12 months postoperatively. Central macular thickness (CMT), disorganization of the retinal inner layers (DRIL), outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness, integrity of subfoveal external limiting membrane (ELM), ellipsoid zone (EZ), and interdigitation zone (IZ) were evaluated. Results: A total of 128 eyes with iERM from 121 patients were included. BCVA improved significantly ( p < 0.001). Significant improvement of BCVA, CMT, DRIL, ONL, ELM, and EZ were obtained. The final IZ was not different from baseline until the end of the study. A significant correlation was observed between the baseline BCVA, EZ, IZ, and the postoperative BCVA ( p < 0.001). However, only the baseline BCVA and the integrity of the subfoveal baseline IZ were predictive factors for final BCVA ( p < 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: PPV provides a significant improvement of BCVA and retinal anatomy recovery in iERM eyes. Baseline IZ didn’t change during the 12 months following surgery. Baseline BCVA and subfoveal IZ at baseline were prognostic factors for the final BCVA.
Cladribine transfer into human milk: A case report
Authors: Datta Palika , Ciplea Andrea I , Rewers-Felkins Kathleen , Baker Teresa , Gold Ralf , Hale Thomas W , Hellwig Kerstin 
Published: June 2020

Background: Cladribine is an antimetabolite used for the treatment of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis. At present, there are no data available on its use in breastfeeding mothers and its transfer in human milk. Objective: We present a case of a lactating mother who donated her milk samples to study the transfer of cladribine following a 20-mg oral dose. Methods: Analysis was done using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results: The relative infant dose calculated in this study was 3.06%. Conclusion: This is the first case report suggesting the transfer of cladribine in human milk in measurable quantities. However, caution should be advised during lactation.
Knockdown of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 53 Enhances the Radiosensitivity of Human Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Regulating DNA Damage-Binding Protein 2
Authors: Zhou Qifen , Yao Xiongbo , Wu Chunlin , Chen Shaohua , Fan Dage 
Published: June 2020

Background: Cervical cancer ranks fourth in incidence and mortality among women. Ubiquitin-specific protein 53 binds to damage-specific DNA binding protein 2 and affects the biological properties of colon cancer. Damage-specific DNA binding protein is involved in nucleotide excision repair, which can repair DNA damage. However, the mechanism by which ubiquitin-specific protein 53 regulates the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer through damage-specific DNA binding protein remains unclear. Methods: Tissue samples from 40 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma who received radiotherapy were examined by immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of ubiquitin-specific protein 53, and clinical data were collected for statistical analysis. The cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry in Siha cells transfected with Si-USP53 and exposed to 8 Gy irradiation. Cell viability was determined by the CCK8 method in cells transfected with Si-USP53 and exposed to 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 Gy. The expression of damage-specific DNA binding protein, cyclin-dependent kinase 1, and cell cycle checkpoint kinase 2 was detected in cells transfected with Si-USP53. Results: The expression of ubiquitin-specific protein 53 in the tissues of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma was correlated with the sensitivity to radiotherapy. Knockdown of ubiquitin-specific protein 53 in Siha cells downregulated damage-specific DNA binding protein and caused G2/M cell cycle arrest and decreased the survival rate of cells in response to radiation. Conclusion: Ubiquitin-specific protein 53–induced cell cycle arrest and affected the radiotherapy sensitivity of tumors through damage-specific DNA binding protein.
Diagnostic challenge of a radiological mass post partial nephrectomy in a patient with a single functioning kidney: Surgicel® granuloma
Authors: Duffy Siobhan , Rodger Flora , Fraser Sioban , Oades Grenville 
Published: June 2020

Here we describe a case review of a 61-year-old female who developed a Surgicel® granuloma following a partial nephrectomy for clear cell carcinoma in a single functioning kidney. We discuss the biodynamics of Surgicel®, the challenge of reaching the diagnosis and the implications of a Surgicel® granuloma for patients. Level of evidence: Level 5