bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracking the fungus‐assisted biocorrosion of lead metal by Raman imaging and scanning electron microscopy technique
Authors: Wu Yiling , Shao Xiaoqing , Jiao Hang , Song Xinwei , He Kun , Li Zhen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFungi play a significant role in biological corrosion of metal materials. We studied the biocorrosion of lead foils under incubation of Aspergillus niger (A. niger). Multiple techniques, for example, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT), and Raman imaging and scanning electron microscopy (RISE), were applied in this study. SEM confirmed the normal growth of the fungus on Pb foil surface, either above or under the solid medium surface. In addition, SEM‐energy dispersive spectrometer confirmed the formation of the secondary Pb mineral particles after incubation, which had variable morphologies. DRIFT was able to show changes of compounds formed on the surface of Pb foils. However, it cannot exactly identify the mineral phase. RISE technology offered both morphological and spectral information of the formed Pb mineral. Three dominant Raman peaks at ~1,440, ~1,480, and ~1,590 cm−1 indicated that the secondary mineral was lead oxalate. Raman mapping further demonstrated the distribution of Pb oxalate architecture. This study first applied RISE to investigate the biocorrosion of metals by fungi.
Influence of Poloxamer 407 on Surface Properties of Aqueous Solutions of Polysorbate Surfactants
Authors: Ćirin Dejan , Krstonošić Veljko 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOwing to their ability to adsorb at interfaces, polysorbates have an important role in pharmaceutical formulations. Because surfactant mixtures can have improved properties, it was hypothesized in this work that introduction of poloxamer 407 to aqueous solutions of polysorbates (polysorbate 60, polysorbate 80 and polysorbate 85) might improve their surface properties. Nonideal behavior of surfactant mixtures at the air/water interface was investigated using Rosen's model and recently introduced method for the determination and quantification of nonideal behavior regarding surface tension reduction and adsorption effectiveness. Although nonideal behavior was noticed in all mixed monolayers, it was shown that the structure of the hydrophobic domain of the polysorbates and the conformation of poloxamer 407 at the interface have strong influence on the nonideality.
Minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy and the cost of conversion
Authors: Stewart Camille L. , Wong Paul , Selby Luke , Warner Susanne G. , Raoof Mustafa , Singh Gagandeep , Fong Yuman , Melstrom Laleh G. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive surgery (MIS) is preferred for distal pancreatectomy but is not always attempted due to the risk of conversion to open. We hypothesized that the total cost for MIS converted to open procedures would be comparable to those that started open.MethodsA prospectively collected institutional registry (2011‐2017) was reviewed for demographic, clinical, and perioperative cost data for patients undergoing distal pancreatectomy.ResultsThere were 80 patients who underwent distal pancreatectomy: 41 open, 39 MIS (11 laparoscopic and 28 robotic). Conversion to open occurred in 14 of 39 (36%, 3 laparoscopic and 11 robotic). Length of stay was shorter for the MIS completed (6 days; range, 3‐8), and MIS converted to open (7 days; range, 4‐10) groups, compared with open (10 days; range, 5‐36; P = .003). Laparoscopic cases were the least expensive (P = .02). Robotic converted to open procedures had the highest operating room cost. However, the total cost for robotic converted to open cohort was similar to the open cohort due to cost savings associated with a shorter length of stay.ConclusionsDespite the higher intraoperative costs of robotic surgery, there is no significant overall financial penalty for conversion to open. Financial considerations should not play a role in selecting a robotic or open approach.
Dual‐layer column filtration cleanup and gas chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry detection for the analysis of 39 pesticide residues in porcine meat
Authors: Song Le , Pan Canping , Yang Juan , Zeng Sujia , Han Yongtao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA rapid and effective method was developed for the analysis of 39 pesticide residues in porcine meat with dual‐layer multiplug filtration cleanup and gas chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry detection. The cleanup process was performed with columns packed with two layers, namely multiwalled carbon nanotubes, C18 and anhydrous magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) as top layer, while mixture of florisil and MgSO4 as bottom layer. A single‐layer method was tested in parallel, with columns packed with the same amount of absorbents. Extraction conditions and filtration cleanup process were optimized to obtain satisfied method performance. Method linearity was calculated with coefficients of determination more than 0.995. The limits of quantitation were verified with acceptable accuracy at the lowest spiked concentration of 0.01 mg/kg (except pyrimethanil). The recoveries at three fortified levels (0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/kg) in five replicates were between 74 and 118% (except pyrimethanil) with relative standard deviations range from 1 to 16%. The matrix effects were in the range of 1.01 to 2.84. This new method was applied for the analysis of multipesticide residues in market samples of porcine meat. This study showed the dual‐layer multiplug filtration cleanup demonstrated better performance than that with the single‐layer columns in cleanup of porcine meat.
Investigation on the angular contact ball bearings under low speed and heavy load with coupled mixed lubrication and quasi‐dynamic analysis
Authors: Wu Jiqiang , Wang Liqin , He Tao , Gu Le , Zhang Chuanwei , Lu Yufan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the angular contact ball bearings under low‐speed and heavy‐load conditions is studied with a coupled numerical method of mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) and quasi‐dynamic analysis. Compared with the quasi‐dynamic analysis without consideration of the mixed lubrication characteristics, the present coupled method reveals a smaller minimum film thickness and a larger frictional coefficient in ball‐race contact interface, leading to increases in the normal contact load, slide‐to‐roll ratio, and relative sliding velocity. Effects of operation condition (eg, rotational speed) and structural parameter (eg, inner raceway curvature coefficient and initial contact angle) on the contact and lubrication performances are discussed. The results show that a larger inner raceway curvature coefficient results in a smaller average film thickness and film thickness ratio, a larger frictional coefficient, and maximum contact pressure, while the increase in the initial contact angle has an opposite effect on these parameters.
When abs do not sell: The impact of male influencers conspicuously displaying a muscular body on female followers
Authors: Su Yiran , Kunkel Thilo , Ye Ning 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBased on evolutionary theory and costly signaling theory, this research explored how flaunting a muscular body, especially male influencers showcasing muscle as a symbolic bodily marker, can shape the effectiveness of influencer marketing. Two experiments employing different manipulations (i.e., pictures taken by others and selfies) were performed to examine the effects of conspicuously displaying male influencers' muscles on consumers' intentions to purchase endorsed products. In Experiment 1, we found that conspicuous (vs. inconspicuous) display of muscles reduced perceived trustworthiness among women, leading to lower purchase intentions around a gender‐neutral product. Experiment 2 corroborated this finding and further demonstrated that the effects of a muscular body were not domain‐specific. Both experiments presented evidence opposing the common belief that conspicuously displaying one's muscles is appealing: female consumers exhibited less trust toward the muscle‐flaunting male influencer, resulting in lower intentions to purchase endorsed products. Results contribute to a better understanding of the application of evolutionary theory and signaling theory in digital marketing and advance our knowledge of gender differences in a social media consumption context. The findings are also of direct relevance to brands attempting to enhance the persuasiveness of product promotions via influencers' physical appearance.
Flavone Hispidulin Stimulates Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Secretion and Ameliorates Hyperglycemia in Streptozotocin‐Induced Diabetic Mice
Authors: Wang Yao , Wang Aiping , Alkhalidy Hana , Luo Jing , Moomaw Elizabeth , Neilson Andrew P. , Liu Dongmin 
Published: January 2020

ScopeLoss of functional β‐cell mass is central for the deterioration of glycemic control in diabetes. The incretin hormone glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) plays a critical role in maintaining glycemic homeostasis via potentiating glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion and promoting β‐cell mass. Agents that can directly promote GLP‐1 secretion, thereby increasing insulin secretion and preserving β‐cell mass, hold great potential for the treatment of T2D.Methods and resultsGluTag L‐cells, INS832/13 cells, and mouse ileum crypts and islets are cultured for examining the effects of flavone hispidulin on GLP‐1 and insulin secretion. Mouse livers and isolated hepatocytes are used for gluconeogenesis. Streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice are treated with hispidulin (20 mg kg−1 day−1, oral gavage) for 6 weeks to evaluate its anti‐diabetic potential. Hispidulin stimulates GLP‐1 secretion from the L‐cell line, ileum crypts, and in vivo. This hispidulin action is mediated via activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A signaling. Hispidulin significantly improves glycemic control in diabetic mice, concomitant with improved insulin release, and β‐cell survival. Additionally, hispidulin decreases hepatic pyruvate carboxylase expression in diabetic mice and suppresses gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes. Furthermore, hispidulin stimulates insulin secretion from β‐cells.ConclusionThese findings suggest that Hispidulin may be a novel dual‐action anti‐diabetic compound via stimulating GLP‐1 secretion and suppressing hepatic glucose production.
Strategies for effective physics plan and chart review in radiation therapy: Report of AAPM Task Group 275
Authors: Ford Eric , Conroy Leigh , Dong Lei , de Los Santos Luis Fong , Greener Anne , Gwe‐Ya Kim Grace , Johnson Jennifer , Johnson Perry , Mechalakos James G. , Napolitano Brian , Parker Stephanie , Schofield Deborah , Smith Koren , Yorke Ellen , Wells Michelle 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundWhile the review of radiotherapy treatment plans and charts by a medical physicist is a key component of safe, high‐quality care, very few specific recommendations currently exist for this task.AimsThe goal of TG‐275 is to provide practical, evidence‐based recommendations on physics plan and chart review for radiation therapy. While this report is aimed mainly at medical physicists, others may benefit including dosimetrists, radiation therapists, physicians and other professionals interested in quality management.MethodsThe scope of the report includes photon/electron external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), proton radiotherapy, as well as high‐dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy for gynecological applications (currently the highest volume brachytherapy service in most practices). The following review time points are considered: initial review prior to treatment, weekly review, and end‐of‐treatment review. The Task Group takes a risk‐informed approach to developing recommendations. A failure mode and effects analysis was performed to determine the highest‐risk aspects of each process. In the case of photon/electron EBRT, a survey of all American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) members was also conducted to determine current practices. A draft of this report was provided to the full AAPM membership for comment through a 3‐week open‐comment period, and the report was revised in response to these comments.ResultsThe highest‐risk failure modes included 112 failure modes in photon/electron EBRT initial review, 55 in weekly and end‐of‐treatment review, 24 for initial review specific to proton therapy, and 48 in HDR brachytherapy. A 103‐question survey on current practices was released to all AAPM members who self‐reported as working in the radiation oncology field. The response rate was 33%. The survey data and risk data were used to inform recommendations.DiscussionTables of recommended checks are presented and recommendations for best practice are discussed. Suggestions to software vendors are also provided.ConclusionsTG‐275 provides specific recommendations for physics plan and chart review which should enhance the safety and quality of care for patients receiving radiation treatments.
Controlled aliasing for improved parallel imaging with a 3D spiral staircase trajectory
Authors: Anderson Ashley G. , Wang Dinghui , Pipe James G. 
Published: January 2020

PurposeTo introduce a modified 3D stack‐of‐spirals trajectory and efficient SENSE reconstruction for improved through‐plane undersampling, while maintaining SNR efficiency and other benefits of spiral acquisitions.MethodsA novel spiral staircase trajectory is introduced. This trajectory is a modified stack of spirals, in which spiral arms are distributed between partitions along kz. The trajectory maintains the efficient separable reconstruction with a Cartesian fast Fourier transform along the kz direction, followed by a 2D slice‐by‐slice gridding reconstruction. An additional intermediate step introduces a phase correction to collapse the spiral arms into the prescribed slice planes. For data undersampled through plane, this produces aliasing with reduced coherence, controlled by the arm‐ordering. Undersampled data can then be reconstructed with reduced g‐factor using a conjugate gradient–based iterative SENSE algorithm.ResultsThe trajectory significantly improves g‐factor for through‐plane accelerated acquisitions. Improvement manifests through both reduced overall g‐factor and reduced structure in the g‐factor maps. In the presented experiments, the mean g‐factor decreased from 1.26 to 0.93 and the maximum g‐factor decreased from 3.89 to 1.15 for R = 2 spiral staircase when compared with stack of spirals, and the mean g‐factor decreased from 2.51 to 0.94 and the maximum g‐factor decreased from 8.26 to 1.35 for R = 3 spiral staircase when compared with stack of spirals.ConclusionThe novel spiral staircase trajectory offers improved aliasing characteristics for through‐plane parallel imaging acceleration in 3D spiral acquisitions.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia in Japan
Authors: Yamamoto Shohei , Tomizawa Daisuke , Kudo Kazuko , Hasegawa Daiichiro , Taga Takashi , Yanada Masamitsu , Kondo Tadakazu , Nakazawa Yozo , Eto Tetsuya , Inoue Masami , Kato Koji , Atsuta Yoshiko , Ishida Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe number of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) procedures performed for pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has decreased in the all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) era. Although HSCT is still widely adopted as part of salvage therapy for relapsed patients, there is no general consensus about the optimal transplant type (autologous [auto‐HSCT] or allogeneic HSCT [allo‐HSCT]).ProceduresWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 95 childhood APL patients who underwent their first HSCT between 1990 and 2014. Of the 95 patients, 40 (42%), 41 (43%), and 3 (3%) underwent HSCT procedures after achieving their first complete remission (CR1), CR2, and CR3, respectively, and 11 (12%) underwent HSCT while in a non‐CR state.ResultsThe non‐CR group exhibited significantly worse five‐year overall survival (5yOS) and disease‐free survival (5yDFS) (5yOS: 46%; 5yDFS: 46%) than the CR1 (5yOS: 80%; 5yDFS: 78%) and CR2 + CR3 groups (5yOS: 81%; 5yDFS: 76%) (P = 0.013 and P < 0.01, respectively). Of the patients treated in CR2, no significant differences in 5yOS or the five‐year cumulative incidence of relapse (5yRI) were detected between the auto‐HSCT and allo‐HSCT groups (5yOS: 85%, vs 78%, P = 0.648; 5yRI: 9%, vs 11%, P = 0.828). Among the patients who underwent allo‐HSCT in CR2, those with matched sibling donors displayed a significantly higher 5yRI (33%) than those with other types of donors (0%, P = 0.015).ConclusionsEven after relapsing, childhood APL can be cured with HSCT if CR is achieved. These findings demonstrate that achieving CR followed by HSCT is the preferred strategy for treating children with relapsed or refractory APL.
Teamwork in prognostic communication: Addressing bottlenecks and barriers
Authors: Sisk Bryan A. , Dobrozsi Sarah , Mack Jennifer W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPrognostic communication is essential to family‐centered care in pediatric oncology. Yet, prognostic communication from the medical team to the family is often absent or incomplete. In our experience, many clinical groups view prognostic disclosure as the responsibility of the patient's primary oncologist, and nurses are often excluded from these conversations. This current individual‐based model of prognostic disclosure lacks redundancy and creates a communication bottleneck. We propose that clinical groups should address prognostic communication with a multidisciplinary team‐based approach that incorporates three critical components: shared team mental models, distribution and redundancy in role assignment, and high fidelity monitoring of communication milestones.
Effect of ecological factors on the accumulation of phenolic compounds in Iris species from Latvia, Lithuania and Ukraine
Authors: Mykhailenko Olha , Gudžinskas Zigmantas , Kovalyov Volodymyr , Desenko Volodymyr , Ivanauskas Liudas , Bezruk Ivan , Georgiyants Victoriya 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionIt is important to conduct studies on the influence of environmental factors on the accumulation of secondary metabolites in plants, as well as the cultivation of plants and harvesting of their raw material.ObjectiveIn this study, we examined the influence of habitat types, soil composition, climatic factors and altitude on the content of phenolic compounds in Iris species from different populations in Latvia, Lithuania and Ukraine.MethodologyAccording to high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, 25 compounds (flavonoids, isoflavonoids, isoflavonoid glucosides, xanthones, phenolcarboxylic acids) were identified in the methanol extracts of 16 samples of Iris rhizomes. The quantitative data were further analysed by principal component analysis (PCA) to reveal the impact of environmental factors on the accumulation of compounds in plants.ResultsIris pseudacorus from Latvia and Lithuania had a more diverse composition of phenolic compounds than samples from Ukraine. Sampled plants of the Iris subg. Iris had a higher content of the analysed compounds than those of Iris subg. Limniris. PCA results showed that the levels of phenolic compounds in Iris rhizomes were influenced by the content of soil nutrients. The phosphorus and potassium content had a significant impact on the levels of phenolic compounds, whereas the impact of nitrogen content was not significant. Meteorological factors had a small impact; however, sunshine duration had a significant positive effect and the amount of precipitation had a significant negative impact.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that rhizomes of Iris species may be an important source of pharmacologically active compounds such as flavonoids, isoflavonoids and xanthones. Studies on the effect of environmental factors on the production and accumulation of secondary metabolites in Iris species are important because they contribute to knowledge of quantitative parameters of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants and could be employed for the cultivation and harvesting of raw material for medicinal purposes.
Low dielectric constant polyimide mixtures fabricated by polyimide matrix and polyimide microsphere fillers
Authors: Qiu Guorong , Ma Wenshi , Wu Li 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPolyimide microspheres were prepared via non‐aqueous emulsion polymerization by using pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) as anhydride monomer and 2,2‐bis(4‐(4‐aminophenoxy)phenyl)propane as amine monomer. The polyimide microspheres were well characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, SEM and laser particle size analyzer. They were spherical in shape and monodisperse and their size was 31–33 μm. Polyimide mixtures formed by polyimide microspheres as fillers and polyimide composed of pyromellitic and dianhydride 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA) as matrix were investigated with regard to thermal properties, dielectric properties and mechanical properties. With 10%–50% polyimide microspheres in the polyimide mixtures, the dielectric constants were 2.26–2.48 (1 MHz) and the loss tangents were 0.00663–0.00857 (1 MHz), which were both significantly lower than the values for ODA‐PMDA polyimide. The decomposition temperature and glass transition temperature were above 440 and 290 °C. The polyimide mixtures possessed excellent thermal resistance. When the percentage of polyimide microsphere addition was 30%, the polyimide mixtures had the largest tensile strength (128.50 MPa) and elongation at break (9.01%). These results indicate that the polyimide microspheres were used as both low dielectric fillers and reinforcing fillers. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Study on atmospheric air glow discharge plasma generation and surface modification of carbon fiber fabric
Authors: Zhao Luxiang , Liu Wenzheng , Liu Pengxiang , Tian Jia , Xu Min , Sun Sijia , Wang Yiqing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOn the basis of a thin‐wire contact electrode structure, a nonuniform electric field is designed to realize diffuse discharge in atmospheric air. A new method of high‐efficiency treatment of carbon fiber fabrics by glow discharge plasmas at low discharge voltage is proposed. Through this method, carbon fiber fabrics are directly used as electrodes, the plasmas are directly formed on the surface, and a strong electric field region can be formed on the surface of carbon fiber fabrics. The high‐active plasmas generated in this study can not only introduce nitrogen functional groups that are difficult to be introduced by traditional air plasma treatment methods and a large number of oxygen functional groups on the surface of carbon fiber fabrics but also improve the surface roughness and wettability of the material. In addition, the important effects of surface electric field intensity and plasma treatment time on the modification effect were investigated. It lays a good technical foundation for the industrial application of carbon fiber surface modification with high efficiency and continuity in atmospheric air.