bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of Water Distribution Systems Modelling and Performance Analysis Softwares
Authors: Awe O.M. , Okolie S.T.A. , Fayomi O.S.I. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWater is a critical and crucial substance for sustenance all over the world. The need for water distribution systems to satisfy increasing demand and also to satisfy quality requirements has birthed a surging need to model real-life situations in order to access the workability of Water distribution system (WDSs) and their ability to operate efficiently. Through the review of the analysis of modelling software and performance analysis, it was deduced that different licensed software and freeware products are available for design and model of various categories of WDSs, ranging from simple to complex, realistic and even hypothetical. It was discovered that software with licenses offers versatility, flexibility and precision in modeling various categories of hydraulic models with various features over software that are open for all. Therefore, the decision on which software to use for the design of water distribution systems is predicated on software precision, the overall project cost, software - required data, complexity of system, aspect of system to be modelled (quality, demand, valve operation and location etc.) software specificity related to the types of distribution systems that it can manage and computational and hydraulic criterion.
Optimization of Water Distribution Systems: A Review
Authors: Awe O.M. , Okolie S.T.A. , Fayomi O.S.I. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA water distribution system (WDS), being a system of interconnected hydraulic elements ensures water distribution and supply to satisfy demands while optimization is applied in many systems and situations, thus making it an important paradigm in technology. When we try to optimize, we either minimize (resource consumption, cost) or maximize (profit, system performance). This paper reviews optimization of water distribution systems and presents different aspects of WDSs. It also presents the different optimization methods in a detailed manner. Finally, modern sophisticated optimization methods are refined enough to solve complex real-world problems such as WDS design and operations. The categories of challenges being solved include: new WDSs design; expansion and revamping of existing WDSs; pump operation; water quality management; calibration and system partitioning. Reliability, robustness and resilience considerations are often encountered in WDS literature and are still open to analysis because there is no generally acceptable model for permanent inclusion in WDSs optimization.
Protective Impact Of Molten Zinc Coating Sheets In Contaminated Environment-Review
Authors: Elewa R. E. , Afolalu S.A. , Fayomi O.S.I 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSteels are susceptible to degradation orchestrated by the immediate environment which alters their physical, mechanical and electrochemical properties. These challenges have necessitated their protection with molten zinc which solidifies to form protective barrier against external contaminants. Protection of mild steel is a necessity because of its availability and cost effectiveness which has made it the most used metal for structural application in many part of the world. Surface protections of steel incorporate specific properties that enable it to stand a test of time due to the alteration of the surface characteristics. This mini review outlines the impact of molten zinc coating on mild steel and several coating application techniques
Sustainable Production: New Thinking for SMEs
Authors: Onu P. , Mbohwa C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The future of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) depends greatly, not only on operational excellence and performance to execute successful business ideas but also on sustainable production practices that combine both environmental and socioeconomic considerations to meet optimal product, process and productivity expectation. In an advanced lean operation scenario, such as the Production Preparation Process (3P) or Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) process, etc., when integrated into the environmental conservative-adherence requirement, is essential to lead a sustainable pathway to operational excellence, and boost enterprise business competitiveness. The author in the present paper empirically examines the likeness of SMEs responsiveness toward sustainable production activities to accelerate business performance, while, promoting social, economic and environmental interest. Several mechanisms by SMEs to achieve sustainability in their manufacturing operations: the combinatory approach of lean principle to improve non-emissive, conservable energy-practice and eco-design/materials selections are reviewed. More so, the paper contributes to the literature on sustainable development for developing countries and sub-Saharan Africa in perspective. Within the different models of development and networks for improvement of the concept of sustainable industry practices, SMEs play a quintessential role. This goes to say; there is a great need to consider collaborative, Governmental/policy, and the integration of new developing Information Communication Technology (ICT) initiative to promote corporate business profitability actively and transform enterprise structures to become more resilient while functioning sustainably.
Sustainable Supply Chain Management: Impact of Practice on Manufacturing and Industry Development
Authors: Onu P. , Mbohwa C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Green supply chain, cleaner production, and re-engineering practices are nascent sustainable initiatives, combined with the integration of new and developing technologies to revolutionalize industry operations in the near future. The understanding and full application of these techniques are yet to be fully grasped, especially as it pertains to different organizations culture’ operational structure and business goals. The diversity in Cyber-physical systems (CPS), autonomous vehicles, robotics, additive technologies, and alternative energy systems, in the manufacturing sector, have received extensive research over the last decade, with the promise to replace humans in future supply chain. The present paper is an exploratory assessment that evaluates sustainable technology initiatives in alignment with Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM). Our inferences are based on viable implementation strategy, impacts, challenges, and the scope of applicability for increased productivity in the near future. In conclusion, we share on how the promulgation and proper management of new and developing industrial technologies are essential to maximize time, minimize cost, and improve the value of employee commitment, and customer contentment.
Comparative Study between TIG and MIG Welding Processes
Authors: Ogundimu E. O. , Akinlabi E. T. , Erinosho M. F. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this research, studies were done on the material characterization of type 304 austenitic stainless steel weld produced by TIG and MIG welding processes. This research is aimed to establish optimized process parameters that will result in a defect-free weld joint, homogenous distribution of the iron (Fe), Chromium (Cr) and Nickel (Ni) was observed at the welded joint of all the six samples. The welded sample produced at the current of 170 A by TIG welding process had the highest UTS value of 621 MPa at the welds zone, and the welded sample produced by MIG process at the welding current of 150 A had the lowest UTS value of 568 MPa. However, it was established that TIG welding process is more appropriate for the welding of type 304 austenitic stainless steel compared to the MIG welding process.
Impact of Varying Laterite and Cowhorn Additives on The Mechanical Properties of Cement Matrix Plastic Tiles
Authors: Kehinde O. , Omotosho O. A. , Ohijeagbon I. O. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The transition to sustainability to meet human needs through the use of animal waste obtained from anthropogenic activities has become a subject of global importance in recent times because of its ability to preserve our environmental life support systems. This work focused on utilizing laterite and cow horn as additives in cement matrix-plastic tile production. The quantity of cement, sand and plastic used for the production was kept constant while laterite and pulverized cowhorn was varied. Produced sample dimensions were 15 mm thickness with face measurement of 150 x 150 mm. Laterite was thoroughly mixed with sand, plastic, cowhorn and cement with a known volume of water in a clean container. The resulting mixture was subjected to a compaction pressure of 25KN to obtain a cohesive material and then fired in an oven at 2200C for thirty-three minutes. After firing the sample was allowed to cool down and then subject to physico-mechanical tests. The results obtained showed that on the flexural and compressive strength of the sample containing 45% laterite and no cowhorn had best values of 11.38mpa and 0.0037Mp respectively. The water absorption and shrinkage test for the 45% laterite no cowhorn sample with 15% pulverized cowhorn and 30% laterite was the most porous. In conclusion, increasing the cowhorn content had a direct relationship with the degree of porosity, flexural and compressive strength.
Alleviation of drayage truck-entry points congestion in container terminals: a review
Authors: Ihebom V. I. , Ekeocha R. J. O. , Fayomi O. S. I. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The yardstick for deciding the limit of port is focused by three principal infrastructural assets to be specific, compartments, yards and entryways. An assortment of intrigue has been paid to enhancing billet and yard limits, presently not bounty consideration has been given to examining the entry points potential. The entryway framework is an associating hub between the landside and coastline activities in an ocean to-town esteem chain. The entry points framework requires consideration as put in Asian city, is a multi-polish parallel lining model with non-homogeneous Poisson entries. The point of this survey paper is to break down the impact of truck-entryway gridlock and conceivable practice received in easing this looming issue at a few terminals throughout the years. The characterizations for lessening drayage truck-entryway blockage at container terminal were effect of truck appointment system (TAS), reduction of system operational cost, increase of nodal productivity, decrease of truck emissions and minimization of truck turnaround time (TTT).
Analyzing the truck volume traffic types in tin can island container terminal (tict)
Authors: Ihebom V. I. , Ekeocha R. J. O. , Fayomi O. S. I. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The steady rise in international trade volume has led to the high rate of utility of the marine industry. The gate system operation section of the marine terminal is a very pivotal aspect as it helps in the completion of the supply chain network. The drayage activities of pickups and delivery are single or double move operations at the terminal in order to meet customer’s target. These operations are carried out by different types of trucks traffic: inbound and outbound trucks. This paper aims at investigating the flow pattern of these inbound and outbound trucks and their respective subdivision frequency at TICT in the year 2018. For the inbound trucks, 501-550 truck distribution had the highest interval with 34.5% as a daily percentage arrival within the operating hours. While with two-week interval, EMTIN (empty-in) dominated with a higher peak and CHIN had the least turn-out than the others inbound subdivisions. While for the outbound trucks pattern, it revealed that LDOUT (load-out) was domineering with a greater peak and the least was CHOUT (chassis-out). The rate of inbound to outbound truck volume for that year depicts the state of the countries dependency.
Influence of 0.2% fe addition on zirconium conversion coating on aluminium alloy
Authors: Oki M. , Adediran A.A. , Ogunsemi B.T. , Egiebor N. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Conversion coating on aluminium/0.2%Fe alloy developed from a zirconium nitrate/fluoride solution has been examined with scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron microscopes (TEM) with attached energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) facilities. Zirconium-rich islands of thicker sections were observed in the SEM. The thin sections from the transmission micrographs revealed undulating metal/coating and coating/solution interfaces. This is consistent with anode/cathode reactions in the formation and growth of conversion coatings on metals, especially aluminium alloys. The coating comprises of zirconium rich surface which is contaminated or otherwise with aluminium and other species from the coating solution.
Performance of Cassava Peeling Machines in Nigeria: a Review of Literature
Authors: Tobiloba Oyedele , Oluwaseun Kilanko , Leramo R.O. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A review is done on the indigenous cassava peeling machines made in Nigeria. Cassava is a very important cash crop that can be processed into more than a thousand products. One of the most important unit operations in cassava processing is peeling and its importance can never be overemphasized. Some of the other unit operations in cassava processing have already been successfully mechanized. To all engineers who have been involved in equipment design of cassava globally, cassava peeler has remained a serious problem to them. This study presents the functionalities, prospects, performance assessments and limitations in some of the indigenous cassava peeling machine. Some of the machines that have been made are the knife edge type peeler, double and single gang peeler, automated peeler, etc. Evaluated in this paper are there unique advantages and functional parameters, such as the speed of the machine, output size, efficiency of peeling and tuber loss. The machines have an operational speed ranging from 40 to 700rpm, output capacity ranging from 10.4 to 725kg/h, peeling efficiency ranging from 48.8 to 92.0% and tuber loss ranging from 2.5 to 42%. Peeling efficiency decreases as the speed of all the machines evaluated increase. There was also an increase in the loss of tuber and output capacity as the speed of the machines increases. With an improved cassava peeling process, there is a possibility that cassava cultivation will be encouraged and other uses of cassava will be harnessed. Part of what will be affected are better product quality as there will be minimum loss in tubers and an increased processing time.
Information And Communication Technology Adoption And Innovation For Sustainable Entrepreneurship
Authors: Ejemeyovwi J. O. , Osabuohien E. S. , Bowale E. K. , O Abuh O. , Adedoyin J. P. , Ayanda B. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
ICT adoption has experienced an increasing trend in the past two decades and simultaneously, achieving sustainability in entrepreneurship is the major goal of every entrepreneur; this study seeks to empirically investigate ICT adoption’s contribution to sustainability in entrepreneurship. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between ICT adoption and sustainable entrepreneurial development in Western Africa. Panel data on ECOWAS countries were collected and estimated using econometric tools for the purpose of the study. The findings show that a positive statistically significant positive relationship exists between ICT adoption and sustainability in entrepreneurship. The outcome of this study is expected to have microeconomic and macroeconomic implications for sustainability in entrepreneurship within and outside ECOWAS.
Corrosion Inhibition Comparison of the Effect of Green Inhibitor on the Corrosion Behavior of 316L and 904L Austenitic Stainless Steels in Chloride Environment
Authors: Sanni O. , Popoola A. P. I. , Fayomi O. S. I. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCorrosion behavior of austenitic stainless steels type 904L and 316L in 3.5% NaCl solution was studied using eggshell powder (ESP) as an inhibitor. The experimental testing method was carried out using gravimetric and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The testing results showed lower corrosion rate values with ESP, indicating the stainless steels corrosion resistance was influenced by the inhibitor and the chemical composition of 904L and 316L respectively. The morphological changes on stainless steel are checked with and without ESP, at its optimal concentration. Stainless steel 904L has higher impedance magnitude compared to stainless steel 316L at all concentrations of inhibitor studied in the sodium chloride solution. It was concluded that ESP is mixed type in nature; this conclusion was achieved by comparison of changes in the cathodic and anodic Tafel slope values.
Pitting corrosion evaluation: a review
Authors: Akpanyung K.V , Loto R.T 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPitting corrosion is an insidious localized form of corrosion causing much devastating destruction to structural members such as stainless steel in chloride environment. This paper gives a review of the mechanism processes of pitting, stages, factors facilitating pitting corrosion, techniques of evaluating pitting corrosion and some research work on pitting corrosion. The rudimentary knowledge of the mechanisms of pitting corrosion from this work will be of assistance to the selection process, specification and the use of stainless steels and other structural members.
Analysis and Reduction of Waste in Beverage Industries Using Pareto Principle and Value Stream Mapping
Authors: Samuel A.U. , Oyawale F. , Fayomi O.S.I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Elimination of waste has been the focus of beverage industries in Nigeria and in so many parts of the world. A lot of tools have been employed in the analysis and reduction of waste without the in-depth studies of the origin of these wastes. This present work carried out in-depth studies on the cause of waste in the beverage industry concentrating on canned beverages. Primary data were collected from a beverage industry, assessment of the production line and packaging section were carried out and the managers and employee were interrogated so as to obtain information used for this research. The data were analysed using the Pareto principle and the information obtained was used to design the current and future state mapping of the industry. The Pareto chart shows that production line and distributors constitute more than 90 % of the channel of waste while the in-house and transit waste constitute less than 10 %. The future state mapping proposed a reduction in the manpower from 17 to 12 which represents 29.41 % reduction and this will go a long way to affect the industries annual expenditure. The lead time was also reduced by 15 seconds, although this time seems small, the accumulation of this time is a whole lot in production.
Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Terminalia Catappa Leaves Extracts on Stainless Steel in Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: Madu J.O. , Ifeakachukwu C. , Okorodudu U. , Adams F.V. , Joseph I.V. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCorrosion inhibition potential ofTerminalia catappaleaves extract was investigated using Grade 304 austenitic stainless steel in 1.0 M HCl solution with a view to finding natural, eco-friendly, low-cost and readily available corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion inhibitory characteristics of the extract were investigated by utilizing gravimetric measurements and microstructural surface changes obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study was carried out in the absence and presence ofTerminalia catappainhibitor (0.01-0.09 g/ml) and temperatures (30-50 °C). Data obtained from weight loss experiments and adsorption isotherms (El-Awady, Temkin, and Freundlich) indicated thatTerminalia catappaleaf extract repressed the corrosion of stainless steel in acidic media by 96.8 % at 30 °C and conforms to physisorption adsorption mechanism. Inhibition efficiency (% IE) of the extract improved with increasing extract concentration but declined with rising temperature.
The Use of Solid Fuel for Biogas Production in a Biodigester
Authors: Soliu G.A , Onunka C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Biogas production technology is a technology with great potential and has the potential to influence the type of energy mix available within a given community. Biogas was produced by the microbial digestion of organic matter in the absence of air in a bio digester. Cow dung was used as the solid fuel necessary for biogas production. Approximately 40kg of cow dung was collected for the purpose of this study. The cow dung collected were sun dried and crushed manually to ensure homogeneity before mixing with water to produce biogas by anaerobic decomposition. Cow dung and water were mixed in the ratio 2:1. The mixture was homogenized with manual stirrer. A digester of 400 liters’ capacity was designed and the inner part of the digester was covered with nylon to ensure proper cow dung fermentation. A plastic pipe situated at the top was connected to the digester to serve as gas outlet of the digester and the other end of the plastic pipe was connected to an inflatable tube for gas storage. The digester was stirred three times a day to avoid scum formation in the digester. There was less biogas produced at the initial days. The minimal production of biogas at the initial three days was mainly due to the slow microbial growth. There was a substantial increase in biogas production from the 9th day. The increase in biogas production was due to the exponential growth of microbial activity in the digester. Sudden decreases in biogas production was due to unregulated pH. in the digester. The unregulated pH in the digester increased the concentration of ammonia nitrate. Ammonia nitrate can inhibit the process of biogas production.
Reinforcement bar Corrosion - Causes and Management
Authors: Oki M. , Akintola S.A. , Adediran A.A. , Ikubanni P.P. , Ogunsemi B. T. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractConcretes are composite materials which decay as a result of steel corrosion in concrete structures is mostly accelerated in environments laden with chlorides and industrial effluent gases as well as harsh chemicals employed in and those generated from wastes in agricultural industries. This review summarises the effects of various environmental pollutants which promote deterioration of concretes with resultant corrosion of reinforcing bar (rebar). An overview of traditional and current methods for significant reduction of this mode of material deterioration is described. Discussions on management tools for rebar corrosion in agricultural and marine environments have been highlighted. Repair methods include the traditional application of patch repair mortar which has been modified with polymeric materials to improve adhesion and reduce porosity. The use of cathodic protection system to reduce rebar corrosion to its barest minimum has gained currency. Attention should be directed at corrosion reduction practices at the design and planning stages as well as modification concrete mixes with modified agricultural wastes/products and polymers.