bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Accuracy of Chest Computed Tomography Scans for Suspected Patients With COVID-19: Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Analysis
Authors: Wu Lianpin , Jin Qike , Chen Jie , He Jiawei , Brett-Major David M , Dong Jianghu James 
Published: September 2020

Background
Computed tomography (CT) scans are increasingly available in clinical care globally. They enable a rapid and detailed assessment of tissue and organ involvement in disease processes that are relevant to diagnosis and management, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective
The aim of this paper is to identify differences in the CT scan findings of patients who were COVID-19 positive (confirmed via nucleic acid testing) to patients who were confirmed COVID-19 negative.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was proposed to compare patient clinical characteristics and CT scan findings in suspected COVID-19 cases. A multivariable logistic model with LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) selection for variables was used to identify the good predictors from all available predictors. The area under the curve (AUC) with 95% CI was calculated for each of the selected predictors and the combined selected key predictors based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results
A total of 94 (56%) patients were confirmed positive for COVID-19 from the suspected 167 patients. We found that elderly people were more likely to be infected with COVID-19. Among the 94 confirmed positive patients, 2 (2%) patients were admitted to an intensive care unit. No patients died during the study period. We found that the presence, distribution, and location of CT lesions were associated with the presence of COVID-19. White blood cell count, cough, and a travel history to Wuhan were also the top predictors for COVID-19. The overall AUC of these selected predictors is 0.97 (95% CI 0.93-1.00).

Conclusions
Taken together with nucleic acid testing, we found that CT scans can allow for the rapid diagnosis of COVID-19. This study suggests that chest CT scans should be more broadly adopted along with nucleic acid testing in the initial assessment of suspected COVID-19 cases, especially for patients with nonspecific symptoms.
Dynamic Panel Estimate–Based Health Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rates to Inform Public Health Policy: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Oehmke James Francis , Oehmke Theresa B , Singh Lauren Nadya , Post Lori Ann 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundSARS-CoV-2, the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19, is a global pandemic with higher mortality and morbidity than any other virus in the last 100 years. Without public health surveillance, policy makers cannot know where and how the disease is accelerating, decelerating, and shifting. Unfortunately, existing models of COVID-19 contagion rely on parameters such as the basic reproduction number and use static statistical methods that do not capture all the relevant dynamics needed for surveillance. Existing surveillance methods use data that are subject to significant measurement error and other contaminants.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to provide a proof of concept of the creation of surveillance metrics that correct for measurement error and data contamination to determine when it is safe to ease pandemic restrictions. We applied state-of-the-art statistical modeling to existing internet data to derive the best available estimates of the state-level dynamics of COVID-19 infection in the United States.MethodsDynamic panel data (DPD) models were estimated with the Arellano-Bond estimator using the generalized method of moments. This statistical technique enables control of various deficiencies in a data set. The validity of the model and statistical technique was tested.ResultsA Wald chi-square test of the explanatory power of the statistical approach indicated that it is valid (χ210=1489.84, P<.001), and a Sargan chi-square test indicated that the model identification is valid (χ2946=935.52, P=.59). The 7-day persistence rate for the week of June 27 to July 3 was 0.5188 (P<.001), meaning that every 10,000 new cases in the prior week were associated with 5188 cases 7 days later. For the week of July 4 to 10, the 7-day persistence rate increased by 0.2691 (P=.003), indicating that every 10,000 new cases in the prior week were associated with 7879 new cases 7 days later. Applied to the reported number of cases, these results indicate an increase of almost 100 additional new cases per day per state for the week of July 4-10. This signifies an increase in the reproduction parameter in the contagion models and corroborates the hypothesis that economic reopening without applying best public health practices is associated with a resurgence of the pandemic.ConclusionsDPD models successfully correct for measurement error and data contamination and are useful to derive surveillance metrics. The opening of America involves two certainties: the country will be COVID-19–free only when there is an effective vaccine, and the “social” end of the pandemic will occur before the “medical” end. Therefore, improved surveillance metrics are needed to inform leaders of how to open sections of the United States more safely. DPD models can inform this reopening in combination with the extraction of COVID-19 data from existing websites.
Preventing and Addressing the Stress Reactions of Health Care Workers Caring for Patients With COVID-19: Development of a Digital Platform (Be + Against COVID)
Authors: Mira José Joaquín , Vicente María Asunción , Lopez-Pineda Adriana , Carrillo Irene , Guilabert Mercedes , Fernández César , Pérez-Jover Virtudes , Martin Delgado Jimmy , Pérez-Pérez Pastora , Cobos Vargas Angel , Astier-Peña María Pilar , Martínez-García Olga Beatriz , Marco-Gómez Bárbara , Abad Bouzán Cristina 
Published: September 2020

Background
COVID-19 became a major public health concern in March 2020. Due to the high rate of hospitalizations for COVID-19 in a short time, health care workers and other involved staff are subjected to a large workload and high emotional distress.

Objective
The objective of this study is to develop a digital tool to provide support resources that might prevent and consider acute stress reactions in health care workers and other support staff due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
The contents of the digital platform were created through an evidence-based review and consensus conference. The website was built using the Google Blogger tool. The Android version of the app was developed in the Java and XML languages using Android Studio version 3.6, and the iOS version was developed in the Swift language using Xcode version 11.5. The app was evaluated externally by the Andalusian Agency for Healthcare Quality.

Results
We detected the needs and pressing situations of frontline health care workers, and then, we proposed a serial of recommendations and support resources to address them. These resources were redesigned using the feedback received. A website in three different languages (Spanish, English, and Portuguese) and a mobile app were developed with these contents, and the AppSaludable Quality Seal was granted to the app. A specific self-report scale to measure acute stress and additional tools were included to support the health care workforce. This instrument has been used in several Latin American countries and has been adapted considering cultural differences. The resources section of the website was the most visited with 18,516 out of 68,913 (26.9%) visits, and the “Self-Report Acute Stress Scale” was the most visited resource with 6468 out of 18,516 (34.9%) visits.

Conclusions
The Be + against COVID platform (website and app) was developed and launched to offer a pool of recommendations and support resources, which were specifically designed to protect the psychological well-being and the work morale of health care workers. This is an original initiative different from the usual psychological assistance hotlines.
Proprietary Costs and the Reporting of Segment-Level Tax Expense
Authors: Deng Zero , Gaertner Fabio B. , Lynch Daniel P. , Steele Logan B. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
We examine whether proprietary costs of disclosure affect the reporting of segment-level tax expense. Current accounting rules for segment-level reporting afford managers significant discretion in what line items to report. We predict and find firms with higher proprietary costs of disclosure (i.e., higher tax avoidance) are less likely to disclose segment-level tax information. These results are stronger for firms that define business segments on a geographic basis, where disclosure could reveal tax expense information about specific tax jurisdictions, consistent with the proprietary cost hypothesis. Overall, our results suggest some managers potentially use discretion in current guidance to avoid segment-level disclosure of taxes when these disclosures have the potential to be detrimental to the firm.
JEL Classifications: H20; H25; M41.
Pengaruh Manjemen Laba dan Tax Avoidance Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Perbankan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2014-2018)
Authors: Violeta Chindy Annisa , Serly Vanica 
Published: September 2020

The puspose of this study is to determine the effect of earnings management and tax avoidance on firm value. This type of research is quantitative. The study was conducted on banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2018, with a total sample of 135 samples using a purposive sampling method. Data collection methods are documentary studies. The analysis was done by using multiple regression model. Earnings management is measured using discretionary accruals that are calculated using the performance matched model and tax avoidance is measured using an effective tax ratio (ETR). The results of this study indicate that (1) earnings management has a positive but not significant effect on firm value. (2) Tax avoidance has a significant negative effect on firm value. Recommendations for futher research are expected to expand the object of research becouse in this study only examines banking companies. In addition, future research can use other models as a measurement of earnings management and look for other independent variables if you want to do the same research.Keywords: Earnings Management; Tax Avoidance; Firm Value.
Aprender y enseñar en la cultura digital
Authors: Moreno Hannia 
Published: September 2020

Este texto es producto de la invitación de la fundación Santillana a colaborar en la discusión del foro latinoamericano a Luis Alberto Quevedo quien es maestro en sociología por la E.H.E.S.S de la universidad de Paris, director del programa de comunicación y cultura de la FLACSO (Argentina) y profesor titular regular de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, también invitaron a la doctora en educación Inés Dussel quien fue investigadora en el Área de Educación de FLACSO, en los últimos 15 años ha venido trabajando en las políticas y pedagogías, así como en la imagen y los nuevos medios digitales en la educación, a través de investigaciones, propuestas de formación virtual, producción de materiales didácticos y revisión de políticas educativas y curriculares.
Ellos lograron sistematizar la información de distintas investigaciones en materia de educación y tecnología para la década del 2010 en Argentina, este libro se divide en una presentación general y cuatro capítulos.
REKRUTMEN DAN KADERISASI DEWAN PENGURUS DAERAH (DPD) PARTAI KEADILAN SEJAHTERA (PKS) KOTA PADANG
Authors: Azri Resti Mutia 
Published: September 2020

Kondisi perkembangan dan dinamika politik di Indonesia suara PKS berkembang baik pada Pemilu 2014 mendapatkan 8.480.204 suara atau 6,79 persen. Keberhasilan PKS pada lingkup nasional juga tentu hasil kuatnya basis kader yang berhasil menduduki jabatan politik baik legislatif maupun eksekutif diberbagai daerah, termasuk di Sumatera Barat. Di Sumatera Barat kebehasilan PKS di tandai dengan kemenangan pemelihan kepala daerah, terutama di Kota Padang. Di Kota Padang dengan mayoritas muslim menjadikan PKS sebagai partai islam yang menarik untuk diikuti perkembangannya. Dengan perolehan suara walikota dan wakil walikota Padang pada tahun 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulaan data adalah wawancara dan dokumentasi dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan metode deskriptif, yaitu dengan data yang diperoleh dilapangan yang disusun secara sistematis dan disajikan secara deskriptif, sehingga dapat memberikan gambaran tentang Rekrutmen dan Kaderisasi Dewan Pengurus Daerah (DPD) Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS) Kota Padang.
KAJIAN STRUKTURAL WANDA WAYANG DURGA DALAM PERSPEKSTIF CERITA PEWAYANGAN SUDAMALA DAN BUDAYA JAWA
Authors: Setiawan Restu Budi , Widodo Sahid Teguh , Suyitno Suyitno 
Published: September 2020

This article want to describe and explain about the meaning of wanda wayang Durga gagrag Surakarta on Javanese culture perspective. Wanda wayang Durga which explain in this article consist of the Durga wanda belis, wanda gedrug, wanda gidrah, wanda murgan, wanda surak, and wanda wewe. The approach which used on this research is structuralism-semiotic approach from Levi-Strauss model. This approach is chosen because it is considered can explain the object deeper from two side that are outside structure or surface-structure and inside structure or deep- structure. Material object of this research is the figure of Durga from many kind of wanda. Formal object of this research is structural analysis. Primary data on in this research is document wanda wayang of Durga figure. Therefore, the secondary data are interview document and literature review. Analysis data technique on this research consist on four phases, that are data collected phase, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing.Artikel ini mengupas makna dari wanda wayang Durga gagrag Surakarta dalam perspektif cerita pewayanganSudamala dan kebudayaan Jawa. Pedekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan strukturalisme semiotik model Levi Strauss yang menjelaskan suatu objek kajian secara struktural melalui dari dua sisi yaitu struktur luar yang dikenal dengan istilah surface structure dan struktur dalam yang dikenal dengan istilah deep structure. Objek material dari penelitian ini adalah sosok Durga yang terdapat dalam berbagai macam wanda tersebut diatas. Objek formal penelitian ini adalah sebuah kajian struktural. Data dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas dua jenis data yakni data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumen wanda wayang tokoh Durga, sedangkan data sekundernya adalah wawancara dan studi pustaka. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi empat tahap, yakni tahap pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan simpulan. Temuan yang terdapat dalam penelitian ini diantaranya adalah berbagai macam wanda wayang tokoh Durga dalam pewayangan gaya Surakarta yang diantaranya adalah Durga wanda belis, wanda gedrug, wanda gidrah, wanda murgan, wanda surak, wanda reca, wanda ngerik, wanda ratudan wanda wewe.
ASPEK-ASPEK SOSIAL NOVEL RANTAU 1 MUARA KARYA AHMAD FUADI
Authors: Gunawan Rahmat , Suyitno Suyitno , Supriyadi Slamet 
Published: September 2020

This study aims to describe the form of social aspect of the novel, Rantau 1 Muara Ahmad Fuadi. The novel narrates about the struggle denomination, moral value, love, kinship, responsible, and life stare. This method that was used in this study is descriptive qualitative and used literature sociology study. Data collecting technique is recording heeding technique, and literature study. The novel was analyzed and was interpreted based on existing theory, then was describe appropriate on the study aim. Data analyses result, there are four social aspects. They are love, kinship, economic, and moral aspect. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendekripsikan bentuk aspek-aspek sosial dalam novel Rantau 1 Muara karya Ahmad Fuadi. Novel ini mengisahkan tentang nilai perjuangan, nilai moral, cinta kasih, kekerabatan, tanggung jawab, dan pandangan hidup. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan menggunakan kajian sosiologi sastra. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik simak catat, dan studi pustaka. Novel tersebut dianalisis dan diiterpretasikan berdasarkan teori yang ada, kemudian di deskripsikan sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian. Hasil analisis data, diketahui ada empat bentuk aspek sosial, yaitu: aspek cinta kasih, aspek kekerabatan, aspek ekonomi dan aspek moral.
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS CERITA PENDEK MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN POP-UP
Authors: Darusuprapti Fajarsih , Haryanto Haryanto 
Published: September 2020

The research aims to improve the learning process and short story writing skills using pop-up media in 4th grade students of elementary school Muhammadiyah Sidokarto. Type of research class action model Kemmis and Mc Taggart. Subjects class 4th students totaling 20 students. Method of data collection research uses the method of testing, observation, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used quantitative and qualitative. The results of the study indicate that pop up media can improve short story writing skills. The process of improving learning to write short stories using pop-up media is students learn the material of short story elements, linguistic material, how to compile short story based on pop-up media, and write short stories using pop-up media. Improvement of short story writing skills first cycle 19.7 from the precycle average value of 59.9 to 79.6. The increase in short story writing skills the second cycle 25.85 from the pre-cycle average value to 85.75. Penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan proses pembelajaran dan keterampilan menulis cerita pendek menggunakan media pembelajaran pop-up siswa kelas IV SD Muhammadiyah Sidokarto. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas model Kemmis dan Mc Taggart. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV berjumlah 20 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan metode tes, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu teknik kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran pop-up dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis cerita pendek. Proses peningkatan pembelajaran menulis cerita pendek menggunakan media pembelajaran pop-up dengan cara siswa mempelajari materi unsur-unsur cerita pendek, materi kebahasaan, cara menyusun kerangka cerita pendek berdasarkan media pembelajaran pop-up, danmenulis cerita pendek menggunakan media pembelajaran pop-up. Peningkatan keterampilan menulis cerita pendek pada siklus I sebesar 19,7 dari nilai rata-rata prasiklus sebesar 59,9 menjadi 79,6. Peningkatan keterampilan menulis cerita pendek pada siklus II sebesar 25,85 dari nilai rata-rata prasiklus menjadi 85,75.
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND INTERNAL MEDICINE AS A CAREER CHOICE OF FINAL YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Dhodi Shivani , Bansal Indu 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Medical education requires a long duration of education and training. Medical stream is a diverse field; an assortment of clinical specialties of number of areas; clinical, psychological, surgical, field work, public health to name a few, with varied clinical environment, duties, and contact with patients.
Methodology: Study was conducted in ten Medical colleges from three northern states of India (Uttar Pradesh, Punjab and Chandigarh). 677 final year medical students were included in the study. The study was designed as a cross-sectional self- administered questionnaire-based survey. Data were analyzed based on Frequencies, percentage, weighted scores and Chi square test. The findings were tabulated and represented with the help of suitable diagrammatic and graphical presentation.
Results: revealed that around two-third were males (67.50%), majority were under 25 years, Hindus, from urban areas, joint families and 6.79% were married. Majority belonged to HIG. Statistically significant association of some demographic Characteristics (area of residence, gender, marital status and type of family) in selection of Internal medicine as specialty choice, whereas the association was not significant for age, religion and income group.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Cabai (Capsicum Annum) sebagai Alternatif Mempercepat Pematangan Buah Alpukat secara Alami
Authors: Dzulfiqar Fatih , Alfayez Muhammad Hafizh , Shobiyya Mirza Hukma , Junaedi Jun Jun 
Published: September 2020

Alpukat merupakan buah yang sangat digemari oleh sebagian besar masyarakat karena alpukat adalah salah satu tumbuhan buah tropis yang sangat baik tumbuh di Indonesia, dan hampir dapat ditemukan di berbagai daerah. Namun seiring dengan permintaan buah alpukat yang semakin meningkat, hal ini memberikan tantangan besar di kalangan petani buah alpukat untuk mencari cara mempercepat pematangan buah tersebut dengan maksud memenuhi permintaan pasar yang semakin tinggi. Oleh karenanya penulis menemukan teknik mematangkan buah alpukat secara alami, yakni dengan memanfaatkan limbah cabai (capsicum annum). Pada penelitian ini, sebagai identitifikasi masalah adalah apakah limbah cabai dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif pematangan buah alpukat? Kemudian, apakah kandungan zat yang terdapat di dalam cabai sehingga dapat mempercepat proses pematangan buah alpukat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pemanfaatan limbah cabai sebagai alternatif mempercepat pematangan buah alpukat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian eksperimen. Subyek penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dua buah alpukat mentah yang diberikan perlakuan berbeda dalam penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa alpukat yang diberikan cabai setelah dua hari relatif lebih cepat matang dibandingkan alpukat yang tidak diberikan cabai. Hal ini dikarenakan kandungan zat aktif dalam cabai (Capsaicin) memberikan efek aktif terhadap enzim pematangan yang ada di dalam buah alpukat.Â Oleh karenanya berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa limbah cabai dapat dijadikan alternatif membantu proses pematangan buah alpukat.
AKTIVITAS ANALGESIK EKSTRAK ETANOL BULU BABI (ECHINOMETRA MATHAEI) PADA MENCIT PUTIH JANTAN
Authors: Lestiono Lestiono , Kresnamurti Angelica 
Published: September 2020

Sea urchin (Echinometra mathaei) is a potential marine resourches that had not been explored widely. It has flavonoid, triterpenoid, alkaloid, saponin compound with high antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity and flavonoid compound were potentially correlated with analgesic activity. This study aimed to examine e the potential of Echinometra mathaei as an analgesic in white male mice that were induced by acetic acid to produce peripheral pain in vivo (streatching in mice) with writhing test method. The amount of stretching was observed for 1 hour after administration of ethanol extract of Echinometra mathaei orally. Balb/c white mice which devided into 6 groups randomlly, as negative control group, a group that induced acetic acid 1%, Asetosal group with dose of 65 mg/kgBW, and Echinometra Mathaei groups with the dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW. The results of this study showed that all dosage of Echinometra mathaei decrease the peripheral compared to negative control (P,0.05). The percentage inhibition of pain at 200 mg/kgBW (72.59%) was the highest among other doses was significant different from asetosal group (52.53%). This research concluded that Echinometra mathaei has the analgesic activity to inhibit peripheral pain .
Keywords: Echinometra mathaei, ethanol extract, analgesic, mice, writhing test