bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solar Panel Remote Monitoring and Control System on Miniature Weather Stations Based on Web Server and ESP32
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah , Kasim Kasim , Yusri Iin Karmila 
Published: April 2020

Solar Panel Remote Monitoring and Control System on Miniature Weather Stations Based on Web Server and ESP32
The weather station helps in planning socioeconomic activities such as agriculture, tourism, transportation, marine activities and plantations. The station needs an energy source, an electric energy source to operate, and is needed to get continuous assistance. This study aims to build a system for using two sources of electrical energy to support electricity stations that can be monitored and control remotely and provide information on the use of electrical energy in miniature weather stations into a web server. This research produces a remote monitoring and control system that can automatically switch primary energy sources to backup energy sources. When taking the main current source goes out, the system is able to carry the energy source back to the main source back to the main source alive again. The system can make changes manually using a web server that can be controlled remotely. When the battery reaches a voltage above 14.40 volts, the charging process stops and the system uses electrical energy from the battery. When the battery voltage reads 11.89 volts, do the battery charging process again. Electrical energy system information on miniature stations can display information about voltage, current, power, temperature and intensity of sunlight in the form of graphical visualization in real time.
People With Vulnerabilities To Cyclone In The Coastal Area Of Bangladesh: An Overview
Authors: Gazi Abdul Karim 
Published: April 2020

Purpose of the study: Cyclone is a common disaster in Bangladesh because of affecting the coastal area almost every year. The intention of this paper is to explore the vulnerability to cyclone and the possible way of mitigating vulnerability in the coastal area of Bangladesh.
Methodology: This study is a content analysis of qualitative research and has been conducted on the basis secondary data, collected through content analysis and historical method of data collection on the basis of title and objectives.
Main findings: Only socio-economic factors aren’t responsible for making and rising vulnerability in coastal areas, rather physical, environmental, geographical setting and cultural factors are responsible. Besides, after cyclone there are various problems to take proper steps, the author has discussed a process of emergency action after cyclone and argued that the collaboration between government and NGOs can mitigate vulnerability.
Applications of the study: This study is useful for them who want to know about vulnerability to cyclone in the coastal area of Bangladesh and the Governmental and Non-governmental organizations.
Originality of the study: The author has concluded that this study will help to take step to reduce vulnerability to cyclone and to whom who would like to help to vulnerable people of the coastal area of Bangladesh and study on vulnerability.
Access to Credit on the Growth of Women Entrepreneurs in Jos, Plateau State: The Influence of Financial Support Services
Authors: R.I Umejiaku 
Published: April 2020

Purpose of the study: The activities of women represent an untapped source of economic growth in any developing economy, and entrepreneurship is one way of using that vast pool of human resources as intermediaries for wealth creation. For this reason, the strong linkage between financial sector services and women entrepreneurship has continued to generate tremendous interest among researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and other stakeholders both at the national and international levels. The primary goal remains how to deepen financial inclusion of women to enhance their participation in entrepreneurship activities.
Methodology: The study thus examines the influence of financial support services on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Jos, Plateau state. The study adopted a descriptive research design and applied multiple regression techniques for empirical analysis.
Findings: Findings from the analysis revealed that financial credit awareness has a positive and significant impact on the growth of women entrepreneurs in Jos metropolis. This is basically because most women entrepreneurs have received invaluable business information from the financial sector, which has gone a long way to impact positively on the development of their business in Plateau state. Similarly, access to credit had no significant influence on the growth of women entrepreneurs in Jos metropolis. Lack of collateral, inadequate income statement, and high interest charged on loans made access to credit difficult for women entrepreneurs residing in Jos metropolis, and thus, it has stagnated their business growth. In addition, financial guarantor has an insignificant impact on the growth of women entrepreneurs.
Application: Based on these findings, financial institutions should strive to reduce the stringent conditions attached to loan guarantors to ensure easy accessibility of credit by women entrepreneurs to realize a significant impact on their entrepreneurial contribution to the productivity in the state.
Novelty/Originality: There is need for the government to develop a policy that will enhance credit assurance services and improve financial information infrastructure for financial accessibility of women-owned businesses in Nigeria
Robustly Detecting Changes in Warm Jupiters’ Transit Impact Parameters
Authors: Dawson Rebekah I. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Torques from a mutually inclined perturber can change a transiting planet’s impact parameter, resulting in variations in the transit shape and duration. Detection of and upper limits on changes in impact parameter yield valuable constraints on a planetary system’s three-dimensional architecture. Constraints for warm Jupiters are particularly interesting because they allow us to test origins theories that invoke a mutually inclined perturber. Because of warm Jupiters’ high signal-to-noise ratio transits, it is feasible to detect changes in impact parameter. However, here we show that allowing the impact parameter to vary uniformly and independently from transit to transit leads to incorrect inferences about the change, propagating to incorrect inferences about the perturber. We demonstrate that an appropriate prior on the change in impact parameter mitigates this problem. We apply our approach to eight systems from the literature and find evidence for changes in impact parameter for warm Jupiter Kepler-46b. We conclude with our recommendations for light-curve fitting, including when to fit impact parameters versus transit durations.
Smaller than Expected Bright-spot Offsets in Spitzer Phase Curves of the Hot Jupiter Qatar-1b
Authors: Keating Dylan , Stevenson Kevin B. , Cowan Nicolas B. , Rauscher Emily , Bean Jacob L. , Bell Taylor , Dang Lisa , Deming Drake , Désert Jean-Michel , Feng Y. Katherina , Fortney Jonathan J. , Kataria Tiffany , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Lewis Nikole , Line Michael R. , Mansfield Megan , May Erin , Morley Caroline , Showman Adam P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We present Spitzer full-orbit thermal phase curves of the hot Jupiter Qatar-1b, a planet with the same equilibrium temperature—and intermediate surface gravity and orbital period—as the well-studied planets HD 209458b and WASP-43b. We measure secondary eclipse depths of 0.21 ± 0.02% at 3.6 μm and 0.30 ± 0.02% at 4.5 μm, corresponding to dayside brightness temperatures of

K and

K, respectively, consistent with a vertically isothermal dayside. The respective nightside brightness temperatures are

and

K, in line with a trend that hot Jupiters all have similar nightside temperatures. We infer a Bond albedo of

and a moderate day–night heat recirculation efficiency, similar to HD 209458b. General circulation models for HD 209458b and WASP-43b predict that their bright spots should be shifted east of the substellar point by tens of degrees, and these predictions were previously confirmed with Spitzer full-orbit phase curve observations. The phase curves of Qatar-1b are likewise expected to exhibit eastward offsets. Instead, the observed phase curves are consistent with no offset: 11° ± 7° at 3.6 μm and −4° ± 7° at 4.5 μm. The discrepancy in circulation patterns between these three otherwise similar planets points to the importance of secondary parameters like rotation rate and surface gravity, and the presence or absence of clouds, in determining atmospheric conditions on hot Jupiters.
Accounting for Selection Bias Using Simulations: A General Method and an Application to Millimeter-wavelength Surveys
Authors: Gralla Megan B. , Marriage Tobias A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We have developed a new Bayesian method to correct the flux densities of astronomical sources. The hybrid method combines a simulated likelihood to model survey selection together with an analytic source-count-based prior. The simulated likelihood captures the effect of complicated selection methods, such as multi-frequency filtering or imposed restrictions on recovered sample properties (e.g., color cuts). Simulations are also able to capture unanticipated sources of uncertainty. In this way, the method enables a broader application of Bayesian techniques. Use of an analytic prior allows variation of assumed source count models without re-simulating the likelihood. We present the method along with a detailed description of an application to real survey data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope.
Modeling the Uncertainties of Solar System Ephemerides for Robust Gravitational-wave Searches with Pulsar-timing Arrays
Authors: Vallisneri M. , Taylor S. R. , Simon J. , Folkner W. M. , Park R. S. , Cutler C. , Ellis J. A. , Lazio T. J. W. , Vigeland S. J. , Aggarwal K. , Arzoumanian Z. , Baker P. T. , Brazier A. , Brook P. R. , Burke-Spolaor S. , Chatterjee S. , Cordes J. M. , Cornish N. J. , Crawford F. , Cromartie H. T. , Crowter K. , DeCesar M. , Demorest P. B. , Dolch T. , Ferdman R. D. , Ferrara E. C. , Fonseca E. , Garver-Daniels N. , Gentile P. , Good D. , Hazboun J. S. , Holgado A. M. , Huerta E. A. , Islo K. , Jennings R. , Jones G. , Jones M. L. , Kaplan D. L. , Kelley L. Z. , Key J. S. , Lam M. T. , Levin L. , Lorimer D. R. , Luo J. , Lynch R. S. , Madison D. R. , McLaughlin M. A. , McWilliams S. T. , Mingarelli C. M. F. , Ng C. , Nice D. J. , Pennucci T. T. , Pol N. S. , Ransom S. M. , Ray P. S. , Siemens X. , Spiewak R. , Stairs I. H. , Stinebring D. R. , Stovall K. , Swiggum J. K. , van Haasteren R. , Witt C. A. , Zhu W. W. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The regularity of pulsar emissions becomes apparent once we reference the pulses’ times of arrivals to the inertial rest frame of the solar system. It follows that errors in the determination of Earth's position with respect to the solar system barycenter can appear as a time-correlated bias in pulsar-timing residual time series, affecting the searches for low-frequency gravitational waves performed with pulsar-timing arrays. Indeed, recent array data sets yield different gravitational-wave background upper limits and detection statistics when analyzed with different solar system ephemerides. Crucially, the ephemerides do not generally provide usable error representations. In this article, we describe the motivation, construction, and application of a physical model of solar system ephemeris uncertainties, which focuses on the degrees of freedom (Jupiter's orbital elements) most relevant to gravitational-wave searches with pulsar-timing arrays. This model, BayesEphem, was used to derive ephemeris-robust results in NANOGrav's 11 yr stochastic-background search, and it provides a foundation for future searches by NANOGrav and other consortia. The analysis and simulations reported here suggest that ephemeris modeling reduces the gravitational-wave sensitivity of the 11 yr data set and that this degeneracy will vanish with improved ephemerides and with pulsar-timing data sets that extend well beyond a single Jovian orbital period.
A New Census of the 0.2 < z < 3.0 Universe. I. The Stellar Mass Function
Authors: Leja Joel , Speagle Joshua S. , Johnson Benjamin D. , Conroy Charlie , van Dokkum Pieter , Franx Marijn 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
There has been a long-standing factor-of-two tension between the observed star formation rate density and the observed stellar mass buildup after z ∼ 2. Recently, we have proposed that sophisticated panchromatic SED models can resolve this tension, as these methods infer systematically higher masses and lower star formation rates than standard approaches. In a series of papers, we now extend this analysis and present a complete, self-consistent census of galaxy formation over 0.2 < z < 3 inferred with the Prospector galaxy SED-fitting code. In this work, Paper I, we present the evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function using new mass measurements of ∼105 galaxies in the 3D-HST and COSMOS-2015 surveys. We employ a new methodology to infer the mass function from the observed stellar masses: instead of fitting independent mass functions in a series of fixed redshift intervals, we construct a continuity model that directly fits for the redshift evolution of the mass function. This approach ensures a smooth picture of galaxy assembly and makes use of the full, non-Gaussian uncertainty contours in our stellar mass inferences. The resulting mass function has higher number densities at a fixed stellar mass than almost any other measurement in the literature, largely owing to the older stellar ages inferred by Prospector. The stellar mass density is ∼50% higher than previous measurements, with the offset peaking at z ∼ 1. The next two papers in this series will present the new measurements of the star-forming main sequence and the cosmic star formation rate density, respectively.
Radial Evolution of Magnetic Field Fluctuations in an Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection Sheath
Authors: Good S. W. , Ala-Lahti M. , Palmerio E. , Kilpua E. K. J. , Osmane A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The sheaths of compressed solar wind that precede interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) commonly display large-amplitude magnetic field fluctuations. As ICMEs propagate radially from the Sun, the properties of these fluctuations may evolve significantly. We have analyzed magnetic field fluctuations in an ICME sheath observed by MESSENGER at 0.47 au and subsequently by STEREO-B at 1.08 au while the spacecraft were close to radial alignment. Radial changes in fluctuation amplitude, compressibility, inertial-range spectral slope, permutation entropy, Jensen–Shannon complexity, and planar structuring are characterized. These changes are discussed in relation to the evolving turbulent properties of the upstream solar wind, the shock bounding the front of the sheath changing from a quasi-parallel to quasi-perpendicular geometry, and the development of complex structures in the sheath plasma.
Multiwavelength Absolute Magnitudes and Colors of Red Clump Stars in the Gaia Era
Authors: Plevne Olcay , Önal Taş Özgecan , Bilir Selçuk , Seabroke George M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study presents the multiwavelength investigation of the absolute magnitudes and colors of the red clump (RC) stars selected from APOGEE and GALAH DR2 combined catalog which is complemented with Gaia DR2 astrometric data and multiwavelength photometric data of GALEX GR6/7, SDSS DR7, Gaia DR2, 2MASS, and WISE sky surveys. The analyses are centered on the different distance estimation methods using Gaia trigonometric parallaxes, (1/ϖ) and Bayes statistics, and chemically defined Galactic disk populations on [α/Fe] × [Fe/H] plane. This investigation questions the long-studied problem of the population effects on RC luminosity. Using two different distance estimation approaches, (i) chemical thin and chemical thick disk RC stars are shown to have different absolute magnitudes, while colors remain the same in all photometric bands. Absolute magnitudes vary between −0.12 and +0.13 mag for the 1/ϖ with the change of the Galactic population. This variation in absolute magnitudes is found to be larger for the other method, (ii) the Besançon population synthesis model of Galaxy for 2MASS photometry, in which the absolute magnitude difference between chemical populations were found between −0.35 and −0.40 mag from thin disk to thick disk. When results compared with each other, differences of absolute magnitudes are about three times larger in the model than in the observations. We confirm that the RC absolute magnitudes depend on α-element abundances of Galactic populations.
Probing the Influence of a Tachocline in Simulated M-dwarf Dynamos
Authors: Bice C. P. , Toomre J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
M-type stars are among the best candidates in searches for habitable Earth-like exoplanets, and yet many M-dwarfs exhibit extraordinary flaring that would bombard otherwise habitable planets with ionizing radiation. Observers have found that the fraction of M-stars demonstrating significant activity transitions from roughly 10% for main-sequence stars more massive than 0.35 M
⊙ to nearly 90% for less massive stars. The latter are typically rotating quite rapidly, suggesting differing spin-down histories. It is also below 0.35 M
⊙ when main-sequence stars become fully convective and may no longer contain a tachocline. We turn here to the more massive M-stars to study the impact such a layer may have on their internal dynamics. Using the global MHD code Rayleigh, we compare the properties of convective dynamos generated within rapidly rotating 0.4 M
⊙ stars, with the computational domain either terminating at the base of the convection zone or permitting overshoot into the underlying stable region. We find that a tachocline is not necessary for the organization of strong toroidal wreaths of magnetism in these stars, though it can increase the coupling of mean field amplitudes to the stellar rotation rate. Additionally, we note that the presence of a tachocline tends to make magnetic cycles more regular than they would otherwise have been, and can permit alternative field configurations with much longer cycles. Finally, we find that the tachocline helps enhance the emergent fields and organize them into larger spatial scales, providing favorable conditions for more rapid spin-down via the stellar wind.
Les géants du numérique au chevet de l’Afrique. Le téléphone portable comme nouvel outil de santé globale
Authors: Al Dahdah Marine 
Published: April 2020

Avec la généralisation du téléphone portable et de l’Internet mobile, la technologie numérique fait l’objet d’un regain d’intérêt sur le continent africain. Un nombre croissant d’acteurs internationaux propose d’utiliser le téléphone portable comme instrument central pour régler des questions de santé publique en Afrique. S’appuyant sur l’analyse du « portefeuille mobile de santé » de la plateforme d’argent mobile la plus célèbre au monde, M-Pesa, cet article interroge les tenants et les enjeux de la mise en œuvre, grâce au téléphone portable, d’une « couverture santé universelle de marché » au Kenya.
Interpositional Arthroplasty of the Calcaneocuboid Joint Using a Regenerative Tissue Matrix to Treat Recurrent Nonunion
Authors: Kim David H. , Berkowitz Mark , Pino Edward , Bruck Edward 
Published: April 2020

Nonunion after foot arthrodesis is a difficult clinical problem to solve. This article presents a case of a patient who underwent 3 unsuccessful attempts at calcaneocuboid joint arthrodesis. This problem was salvaged with interpositional arthroplasty of the joint with successful clinical outcome.
A 49-year-old woman with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis underwent triple hind-foot arthrodesis. Although the talonavicular joint and the talocalcaneal joints achieved successful arthrodesis, the calcaneocuboid joint did not unite. Revision arthrodesis of the joint, as well as another attempt at percutaneous grafting had failed. Infection was ruled out by biopsy. In each instance, her postoperative course was complicated by difficulty complying with nonweight bearing restrictions, changes in her rheumatoid arthritis medications, and medical comorbidities. Considering all of her medical and rehabilitation issues, she underwent interpositional arthroplasty using a regenerative tissue matrix, rather than a fourth attempt at arthrodesis. Allograft dermal matrix was used as interpositional material at the calcaneocuboid joint. One year postoperatively, the patient reports only mild discomfort in the hindfoot, which does not interfere with her activities of daily living.
In the difficult setting of multiple failed attempts at arthrodesis, interpositional arthroplasty can be considered in a nonweight-bearing joint such as the calcaneocuboid joint. Interpositional arthroplasty represents a technique capable of providing pain relief in clinical situations in which osseous union cannot be achieved.
Bioacoustic Monitoring Reveals Details of Tricolored Blackbird Breeding Phenology
Authors: Schackwitz Wendy , Airola Daniel A. , Greene Alex , Schackwitz Michael , Woodruff Julie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBioacoustic monitoring has been used to study behaviors of organisms from insects to whales. Studies using multiple vocalizations of a single species have the potential to determine detailed phenology, but to date they are rare. We tested whether bioacoustic monitoring of multiple gender- and age-specific vocalizations of the imperiled tricolored blackbird Agelaius tricolor could provide detailed information on reproductive phenology and breeding success. Using inexpensive cell phones and free software applications, we collected audio recordings of tricolored blackbird colonies during their breeding season. Adding solar panels enabled the stations to run autonomously, and use of cellular data enabled remote uploading of recordings. Analysis of the presence or absence of three vocalizations—male song, female song, and nestling call—provided a rich and detailed description of the breeding phenology including the dates for courtship; onset of nest building, incubation, and nestling hatching; and fledgling departure from nesting colonies. The resulting detail was more granular and accurate than comparable data from field monitoring, although field monitoring provides data such as abundance counts that bioacoustic monitoring does not. This information has a wide range of applications to research and conservation, from enabling more accurate abundance estimates, to assessing colony success or failure with fewer visits, to providing stronger guidance for when a colony must be protected from disruption.
L’évolution de l’histoire migratoire finlandaise : de l’exode des autochtones aux commerces des Africains
Authors: Ranta Anna-Kaisa 
Published: April 2020

Cet article se propose d’étudier l’évolution de l’histoire migratoire finlandaise. Pays d’émigration dans les années 1980, la Finlande accueille aujourd’hui diverses populations. Nous verrons ici les principales caractéristiques de cette évolution et aborderons, dans un deuxième temps, plus particulièrement le cas des migrants subsahariens. Même si ceux-ci sont peu nombreux (9 836 migrants issus de l’Afrique subsaharienne en 2006), leur présence est aujourd’hui de plus en plus perceptible, notamment à travers l’implantation de commerces dits ethniques dans les quartiers cosmopolites d’Helsinki. À partir d’une enquête exploratoire réalisée à « Kallio », un quartier péricentral d’Helsinki, il s’agit de proposer des pistes de réflexions permettant de mieux lire cette dynamique urbaine, encore peu étudiée en Finlande.