bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ubiquitin‐specific protease 2 regulates Ang Ⅱ–induced cardiac fibroblasts activation by up‐regulating cyclin D1 and stabilizing β‐catenin in vitro
Authors: Xu Qiong , Liu Mingke , Zhang Fangcheng , Liu Xiaolin , Ling Sisi , Chen Xuke , Gu Jielei , Ou Wenchao , Liu Shiming , Liu Ningning 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCardiac fibrosis, featuring abnormally elevated extracellular matrix accumulation, decreases tissue compliance, impairs cardiac function and accelerates heart failure. Mounting evidence suggests that the ubiquitin proteasome pathway is involved in cardiac fibrosis. In the present study, ubiquitin‐specific protease 2 (USP2) was identified as a novel therapeutic target in cardiac fibrosis. Indeed, USP2 expression was increased in angiotensin II–induced primary cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) from neonatal rats. In addition, USP2 inhibition suppressed CFs proliferation, collagen synthesis and cell cycle progression. Furthermore, USP2 interacted with β‐catenin, thereby regulating its deubiquitination and stabilization in CFs. To sum up, these findings revealed that USP2 has a therapeutic potential for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
Analysis of Adaptive Evolution and Coevolution of rbcL Gene in the Genus Galdieria (Rhodophyta)
Authors: Han Yuxin , Liu Xudong , Nan Fangru , Feng Jia , Lv Junping , Liu Qi , Xie Shulian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo research the adaptive evolution and coevolution of the rbcL gene in the genus Galdieria, 36 sequences were selected. The bioinformatics of proteins encoded by rbcL genes of Galdieria were analyzed, and phylogenetic trees were constructed by the maximum‐likelihood method. Then, adaptive evolution and coevolution were analyzed. The phylogenetic tree showed that the inner groups were clustered into four branches, in which the sequences of Galdieria maxima were divided into two small branches, and the posterior probability of each branch is above 94.9%. Eleven reliable positive selection sites were detected in the branched‐site model, indicating that the rbcL protein‐coding gene of Galdieria underwent adaptive evolution to adapt to extreme environments. Site 269 F is located in the loop 6 domain, while sites 272 D and 273 W are located in the 6‐helix structure. Many coevolution pairs were detected, which were closely related to the hydrophobic and molecular weight correlation values of amino acids. The results are helpful to research the evolution process of freshwater red algae, to explore the changes of its essential genes and protein functions to adapt to different environmental pressures, and to understand the close relationship between amino acids in proteins and the molecular mechanism of evolution.
Adherence to nutritional interventions in head and neck cancer patients: a systematic scoping review of the literature
Authors: de Oliveira Faria S. , Alvim Moravia R. , Howell D. , Eluf Neto J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundDietary counselling provided by a dietitian, with or without oral nutritional supplements, can impact on nutritional and clinical outcomes in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients undergoing radiotherapy. However, little is known about the role of adherence to oral nutritional interventions in this population. This review aimed to map the literature for evidence of adherence to oral nutritional interventions in HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy and to identify gaps in knowledge in this field.MethodsA scoping review methodology was used to identify studies, extract data, and collate and summarise results. We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central and CINAHL, from the earliest available time up to 8 January 2020.ResultsIn total, 2315 unique articles were identified, 163 studies were assessed in full and niner were included in the scoping review. The use of different measures to assess adherence and variability in the timing of the assessments was noted across studies. Despite identifying studies that have measured adherence to oral nutritional interventions, very few studies monitored its influence on clinical and nutritional outcomes in HNC patients or reported factors related to adherence.ConclusionsA robust evidence base is lacking for adherence to oral nutritional intervention in HNC patients. Overall, further studies evaluating the impact of oral nutritional interventions in HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy should measure adherence to the intervention. Early recognition of non‐adherence and the contributing factors could ensure intensification of nutritional support and better health outcomes.
Id(entifying) the inhibitor of DNA binding 3 in the brain of Nothobranchius furzeri upon aging
Authors: Leggieri Adele , Palladino Antonio , Attanasio Chiara , Avallone Luigi , de Girolamo Paolo , D’Angelo Livia , Lucini Carla 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInhibitors of DNA (Id) are key transcription factors (TFs) regulating neurogenic processes. They belong to the helix‐loop‐helix (HLH) TF family and are dominant negative regulators of basic HLH proteins (bHLHs). Specifically, they inhibit cell differentiation and enhance cell proliferation and motility. The Id family includes four members, Id1, Id2, Id3, and Id4, which have been identified in nearly all vertebrates. The transcript catalog of the African turquoise killifish, Nothobranchius furzeri, contains all four TFs and has evolved showing positive selection for Id3. N. furzeri, a teleost, is the short‐lived vertebrate and is gaining increasing scientific interest as a new model organism in aging research. It is characterized by embryonic diapause, explosive sexual maturation, and rapid aging. In this study, we investigated both the expression and the role of Id3 in the brain of this model organism. Interestingly, Id3 was upregulated age‐dependently along with a distribution pattern resembling that of other vertebrates. Additionally, the gene has undergone positive selection during evolution and shows a high degree of conservation relative to that of other vertebrates. These features make N. furzeri a valid tool for aging studies and a potential model in translational research.
Clinicopathological analysis and survival outcomes of primary salivary gland tumors in pediatric patients: A systematic review
Authors: Louredo Brendo Vinícius Rodrigues , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Ajudarte Lopes Márcio , Martins Manoela Domingues , Guerra Eliete Neves da Silva , Prado Ribeiro Ana Carolina , Brandão Thaís Bianca , de Mendonça Regina Maria Holanda , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , Speight Paul M. , Khurram Syed Ali , Pérez‐de‐Oliveira Maria Eduarda 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundSalivary gland tumors are a diverse group of uncommon neoplasms that are rare in pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological profile and survival outcomes of pediatric patients affected by salivary gland tumors.Materials and methodsAn extensive search was carried out using the MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus databases, and grey literature. The risk of bias was available in all papers included.ResultsA total of 2,830 articles were initially retrieved with 54 remaining for data extraction, resulting in 2,937 cases. This comprised forty‐five case series’ and nine cohort studies. These tumors were slightly more prevalent in females (57.4%). The patients' age ranged from 0.3 to 19 years old, with a mean age of 13.3 years. Parotid was the most affected site (81.9%), and 99.2% of cases clinically exhibited a swelling. Presence of pain/tenderness was reported in 13.5% of the cases, with an average duration of 12.6 months for the appearance of symptoms. Most of the reported cases were malignant tumors (75.4%), with mucoepidermoid carcinoma the most common tumor of all tumors (44.8%), followed by pleomorphic adenoma (24.1%). Surgery alone was the leading treatment choice in 74.9% cases, and the 5‐year overall survival rate of patients was 93.1%. Patients with symptoms (P = .001), local recurrence (P < .001), metastasis (P < .001), and those not undergoing surgery or surgery combined with radiotherapy (P < .001) showed lower survival rates.ConclusionThe pediatric patients present a high frequency of malignant salivary neoplasms and a high overall survival rate.
Effects of combined use of recombinant human fibroblast growth factor‐2 and β‐tricalcium phosphate on ridge preservation in dehiscence bone defects after tooth extraction: A split‐mouth study in dogs
Authors: Fukuba Shunsuke , Akizuki Tatsuya , Matsuura Takanori , Okada Munehiro , Nohara Kohei , Hoshi Shu , Shujaa Addin Ammar , Iwata Takanori , Izumi Yuichi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveFollowing tooth extraction, bone resorption is especially severe in cases complicated with buccal dehiscence bone defects. To minimize this, various bone graft materials have been used for alveolar ridge preservation. This study aimed to evaluate additional effects of the concomitant use of recombinant human fibroblast growth factor‐2 (rhFGF‐2) with β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) on ridge preservation in a dehiscence defect model after tooth extraction in dogs.Materials and MethodsThe maxillary first premolars of six beagle dogs were extracted and dehiscence defects of 4 × 4 × 5 mm (mesio‐distal width × bucco‐palatal width × depth) were created. Bilateral defects were filled with β‐TCP combined with 0.3% (w/v) rhFGF‐2 (test sites) or the scaffold alone (control sites). Twelve weeks post‐surgery, histologic and histometric evaluations were performed.ResultsMorphological measurements using micro‐computed tomography revealed a significantly greater bone volume at the test sites (48.9 ± 9.06 mm3) than at the control sites (38.8 ± 7.24 mm3). Horizontal widths of the alveolar ridge at the coronal and middle position at the test sites (2.18 ± 0.71 mm, 2.93 ± 0.53 mm) were significantly greater than those at the control sites (1.47 ± 0.41 mm, 2.36 ± 0.45 mm, respectively). Regarding the histological parameters, the occupation rate of mineralized bone in the original defects was slightly higher at the test sites (44.07 ± 10.19%) than that at the control site (41.15 ± 6.56%).ConclusionsThese results indicate that the adjunct use of rhFGF‐2 with β‐TCP is effective for alveolar ridge preservation in fresh extraction sockets with dehiscence defects.
Elaboration of novel and comprehensive protocols toward determination of textural properties and other sensorial attributes of canning peach fruit
Authors: Christofi Marina , Mourtzinos Ioannis , Lazaridou Athina , Drogoudi Pavlina , Tsitlakidou Petroula , Biliaderis Costas G. , Manganaris George A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPeach (Prunus persica) products are destined for fresh consumption or are being consumed after processing in various forms. Despite its huge economic importance, no standardized protocols to define sensorial attributes and mechanical properties of canned peaches exist. Thus, the aim of the current study was dual and included the setting up of a list of sensorial descriptors and the elaboration of a toolkit to evaluate the textural properties of canned peaches using large deformation mechanical testing. A standardized vocabulary (“consensus language”) was initially developed toward the determination and quantification of 15 sensorial attributes through a descriptive quantitative analysis (QDA) approach. Textural properties were additionally evaluated with a TA‐XT Plus texture analyzer by applying three discrete large deformation tests [(a) puncture test with a flat cylindrical probe; (b) texture profile analysis (TPA) with a flat compression plunger; and (c) Kramer shear test (KST) cell with a bladed fixture]; that is, a total of nine textural properties, namely, “puncture firmness” (individual halves), “Kramer” hardness (applied in a complex mixture of peach slices), “TPA” hardness (central section of halves), fracturability, consistency, cohesiveness, springiness, chewiness, and total hardness were assessed. We hereby present novel protocols that encompass the comprehensive determination of sensorial and textural properties. The established protocols, providing complementary information, are readily applicable to the canning industry in setting up qualitative tests to determine product shelf life as well as to assist on going breeding programs for the evaluation of new candidate clingstone cultivars destined for canning purposes.
Developing a digital toolkit to enhance the communication of health claims: The Health Claims Unpacked project
Authors: Lockyer S. , Ryder C. , Jaworska S. , Benelam B. , Jones R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractConsumer understanding and acceptance of health claims are influenced by a variety of factors including personal knowledge and familiarity with the information, characteristics of the product (such as the ingredients) and the way the claim is presented (e.g. wording and visual aids such as symbols). The official wording of authorised EU health claims is set by the European Commission (EC), though there is some flexibility, in that food companies can change the wording to aid consumer understanding of the claim as long as the original meaning is retained and the modified version does not mislead. An EIT Food‐funded project with the consumer‐facing title Health Claims Unpacked, consists of an international consortium aiming to develop a digital toolkit to investigate consumers’ responses to health claims and aid their understanding thereof. Developed firstly in English (and now also in other EU languages such as German, French and Polish), the toolkit is informed by research in linguistics, design, nutrition science, technology and behavioural economics as well as focus groups with consumers and interviews with the food industry. The format of the toolkit is an interactive web app comprising activities which are used to gather data regarding consumers’ responses to different kinds of linguistic, semiotic (signs and symbols) and marketing cues related to health claims and how these cues impact their understanding of the relationship between nutrients/food components and health, trust in the message and willingness to pay for products. The data will be used to provide information on the preferences of different demographic groups on the wording of health claims and to provide recommendations for stakeholders aiming to enhance the communication of health claims on food and drink labels.
Diagnostic yield of adding solid food swallows during high‐resolution manometry in esophageal motility disorders
Authors: Araujo Isis K. , Roman Sabine , Napoléon Marie , Mion François 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐resolution manometry (HRM) is a key method to evaluate esophageal motility disorders. Current evaluation is usually performed with single water swallows (SWS) that may not challenge esophageal function or reproduce symptoms. Solid food swallows (SFS) could increase the diagnostic yield for clinically relevant disorders.MethodsPatients with dysphagia referred for esophageal HRM during a 2‐year period in a single center were reviewed retrospectively and included if SFS was performed during HRM. Chicago classification v3.0 was used to define esophageal motility disorders.Key ResultsOne hundred and four patients with dysphagia were included (59% women, mean age 57 years). Ineffective esophageal motility was the most frequent motility disorder. Compared to SWS, the diagnosis changed after SFS in 33 patients (31.7%) including a change from normal or minor diagnosis toward major motility disorders in 14 (13.4%). Fifteen subjects (14.4%) shifted from a minor disorder on SWS to normal after SFS. SFS changed the diagnosis in 53.8% of patients with previous surgery versus 29.5% of those without (p = 0.023). Pressurization during rapid drink challenge was more frequent when SFS changed the diagnosis to major motility disorders (69.2% vs. 37.3%, p = 0.033). Twenty‐nine percent of patients reported symptoms during SFS, mostly those with diagnostic change to major disorders after SFS (71.4% of patients with changes to major disorders vs. 22.2% of patients without, p < 0.0001).Conclusion & InferencesSolid food swallows is a simple way to improve the diagnostic yield of HRM in patients with dysphagia and should be added to manometry protocol in daily clinical practice.
Species‐specific effects of biocrust‐forming lichens on soil properties under simulated climate change are driven by functional traits
Authors: Concostrina‐Zubiri Laura , Valencia Enrique , Ochoa Victoria , Gozalo Beatriz , Mendoza Betty J. , Maestre Fernando T. 
Published: December 2020

Summary

Biocrusts are key drivers of ecosystem functioning in drylands, yet our understanding of how climate change will affect the chemistry of biocrust‐forming species and their impacts on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling is still very limited.

Using a manipulative experiment conducted with common biocrust‐forming lichens with distinct morphology and chemistry (Buellia zoharyi, Diploschistes diacapsis, Psora decipiens and Squamarina lentigera), we evaluated changes in lichen total and isotopic C and N and several soil C and N variables after 50 months of simulated warming and rainfall reduction.

Climate change treatments reduced δ13C and the C : N ratio in B. zoharyi, and increased δ15N in S. lentigera. Lichens had species‐specific effects on soil dissolved organic N (DON), , β‐glucosidase and acid phosphatase activity regardless of climate change treatments, while these treatments changed how lichens affected several soil properties regardless of biocrust species. Changes in thallus δ13C, N and C : N drove species‐specific effects on dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), , β‐glucosidase and acid phosphatase activity.

Our findings indicate that warmer and drier conditions will alter the chemistry of biocrust‐forming lichens, affecting soil nutrient cycling, and emphasize their key role as modulators of climate change impacts in dryland soils.
The identification of critical time windows of postnatal root elongation in response to Wnt/β‐catenin signaling
Authors: Wang Jun , Jiang Yong , Xie Xudong , Zhang Shiwen , Xu Chunmei , Zhou Yinghong , Feng Jian Q. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, we attempted to define the precise window of time for molar root elongation using a gain‐of‐function mutation of β‐catenin model.Materials and MethodsBoth the control and constitutively activated β‐catenin (CA‐β‐cat) mice received a one‐time tamoxifen administration (for activation of β‐catenin at newborn, postnatal day 3, or 5, or 7, or 9) and were harvested at the same stage of P21. Multiple approaches were used to define the window of time of postnatal tooth root formation.ResultsIn the early activation groups (tamoxifen induction at newborn, or P3 or P5), there was a lack of molar root elongation in the CA‐β‐cat mice. When induced at P7, the root length was slightly reduced at P21. However, the root length was essentially the same as that in the control when β‐cat activated at P9. This study indicates that root elongation occurs in a narrow time of window, which is highly sensitive to a change of β‐catenin levels. Molecular studies showed a drastic decrease in the levels of nuclear factor I‐C (NFIC) and osterix (OSX), plus sharp reductions of odontoblast differentiation markers, including Nestin, dentin sialoprotein (DSP), and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) at both mRNA and protein levels.ConclusionsMurine molar root elongation is precisely regulated by the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling within a narrow window of time (newborn to day 5).
No impact of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists on long‐term recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias
Authors: Schupp Tobias , Akin Ibrahim , Reiser Linda , Bollow Armin , Taton Gabriel , Borggrefe Martin , Reichelt Thomas , Ellguth Dominik , Engelke Niko , Barre Max , Müller Julian , Weidner Kathrin , Kim Seung‐hyun , Akin Muharrem , Große Meininghaus Dirk , Behnes Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe study sought to assess the prognostic impact of treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) on recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) recipients with systolic heart failure (HF).BackgroundData regarding the outcome of patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias treated with MRA is limited.MethodsA large retrospective registry was used including consecutive ICD recipients with systolic HF (i.e., left ventricular ejection fraction < 45%) and index episodes of ventricular tachyarrhythmias from 2002 to 2016. Patients treated with MRA were compared to patients without (non‐MRA). Kaplan–Meier and multivariable Cox regression analyses were applied for the evaluation of the primary endpoint defined as first recurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias at five years. Secondary endpoints were appropriate ICD therapies, first cardiac rehospitalization, and all‐cause mortality.Results366 ICD recipients with systolic HF were included, 20% treated with MRA (spironolactone: 65%; eplerenone: 35%) and 80% without. At five years, treatment with MRA was not associated with the primary endpoint of first recurrence of ventricular tachyarrhythmias [47% vs. 48%, log‐rank p = 0.732; hazard ratio (HR) = 1.067; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.736–1.546; p = 0.732]. Accordingly, risk of first appropriate ICD therapies, first cardiac rehospitalization, and all‐cause mortality were not affected by the presence of MRA therapy. Finally, patients with spironolactone and eplerenone had comparable risk of first recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (50% vs. 45%; p = 0.255; HR = 2.263; 95% CI 0.495–10.341; p = 0.292).ConclusionTreatment with MRA was not associated with recurrences of ventricular tachyarrhythmias and ICD therapies at five years.
A novel NAC family transcription factor SPR suppresses seed storage protein synthesis in wheat
Authors: Shen Lisha , Luo Guangbin , Song Yanhong , Xu Junyang , Ji JingJing , Zhang Chi , Gregová Edita , Yang Wenlong , Li Xin , Sun Jiazhu , Zhan Kehui , Cui Dangqun , Liu Dongcheng , Zhang Aimin 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe synthesis of seed storage protein (SSP) is mainly regulated at the transcriptional level. However, few transcriptional regulators of SSP synthesis have been characterized in common wheat (Triticum aestivum) owing to the complex genome. As the A genome donor of common wheat, Triticum urartu could be an elite model in wheat research considering its simple genome. Here, a novel NAC family transcription factor TuSPR from T. urartu was found preferentially expressed in developing endosperm during grain‐filling stages. In common wheat transgenically overexpressing TuSPR, the content of total SSPs was reduced by c. 15.97% attributed to the transcription declines of SSP genes. Both in vitro and in vivo assays showed that TuSPR bound to the cis‐element 5′‐CANNTG‐3′ distributed in SSP gene promoters and suppressed the transcription. The homolog in common wheat TaSPR shared a conserved function with TuSPR on SSP synthesis suppression. The knock‐down of TaSPR in common wheat resulted in 7.07%–20.34% increases in the total SSPs. Both TuSPR and TaSPR could be superior targets in genetic engineering to manipulate SSP content in wheat, and this work undoubtedly expands our knowledge of SSP gene regulation.