bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased blood COASY DNA methylation levels a potential biomarker for early pathology of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kobayashi Nobuyuki , Shinagawa Shunichiro , Niimura Hidehito , Kida Hisashi , Nagata Tomoyuki , Tagai Kenji , Shimada Kazuya , Oka Naomi , Shikimoto Ryo , Noda Yoshihiro , Nakajima Shinichiro , Mimura Masaru , Shigeta Masahiro , Kondo Kazuhiro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEarly diagnosis of dementia including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an urgent medical and welfare issue. However, to date, no simple biometrics have been available. We reported that blood DNA methylation levels of the COASY gene, which encodes coenzyme A synthase, were increased in individuals with AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). The present study sought to replicate these findings with larger numbers of samples. Another objective was to clarify whether COASY methylation is associated with neurodegeneration through a comparison of AD, AD with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and vascular dementia (VaD). We measured blood COASY methylation levels in normal controls (NCs) (n = 200), and individuals with aMCI (n = 22), AD (n = 151), and VaD (n = 21). Compared with NCs, they were significantly higher in individuals with aMCI and AD. Further, they were significantly higher in AD patients without cardiovascular diseases compared to AD patients with them. These findings suggest that COASY methylation levels may be related to neurodegeneration in AD.
Hierarchical microstructure strengthening in a single crystal high entropy superalloy
Authors: Chen Yung-Ta , Chang Yao-Jen , Murakami Hideyuki , Sasaki Taisuke , Hono Kazuhiro , Li Chen-Wei , Kakehi Koji , Yeh Jien-Wei , Yeh An-Chou 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA hierarchical microstructure strengthened high entropy superalloy (HESA) with superior cost specific yield strength from room temperature up to 1,023 K is presented. By phase transformation pathway through metastability, HESA possesses a hierarchical microstructure containing a dispersion of nano size disordered FCC particles inside ordered L12 precipitates that are within the FCC matrix. The average tensile yield strength of HESA from room temperature to 1,023 K could be 120 MPa higher than that of advanced single crystal superalloy, while HESA could still exhibit an elongation greater than 20%. Furthermore, the cost specific yield strength of HESA can be 8 times that of some superalloys. A template for lighter, stronger, cheaper, and more ductile high temperature alloy is proposed.
Modified solid lipid nanoparticles encapsulated with Amphotericin B and Paromomycin: an effective oral combination against experimental murine visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Parvez Shabi , Yadagiri Ganesh , Gedda Mallikarjuna Rao , Singh Aakriti , Singh Om Prakash , Verma Anurag , Sundar Shyam , Mudavath Shyam Lal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe development of an effective oral therapeutics is an immediate need for the control and elimination of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). We exemplify the preparation and optimization of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) modified solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) based oral combinational cargo system of Amphotericin B (AmB) and Paromomycin (PM) against murine VL. The emulsion solvent evaporation method was employed to prepare HPCD modified dual drug-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (m-DDSLNs). The optimized formulations have a mean particle size of 141 ± 3.2 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.248 ± 0.11 and entrapment efficiency for AmB and PM was found to be 96% and 90% respectively. The morphology of m-DDSLNs was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The developed formulations revealed a sustained drug release profile upto 57% (AmB) and 21.5% (PM) within 72 h and were stable at both 4 °C and 25 °C during short term stability studies performed for 2 months. Confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed complete cellular internalization of SLNs within 24 h of incubation. In vitro cytotoxicity study against J774A.1 macrophage cells confirmed the safety and biocompatibility of the developed formulations. Further, m-DDSLNs did not induce any hepatic/renal toxicities in Swiss albino mice. The in vitro simulated study was performed to check the stability in simulated gastric fluids and simulated intestinal fluids and the release was found almost negligible. The in vitro anti-leishmanial activity of m-DDSLNs (1 µg/ml) has shown a maximum percentage of inhibition (96.22%) on intra-cellular amastigote growth of L. donovani. m-DDSLNs (20 mg/kg × 5 days, p.o.) has significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the liver parasite burden as compared to miltefosine (3 mg/kg × 5 days, p.o.) in L. donovani-infected BALB/c mice. This work suggests that the superiority of as-prepared m-DDSLNs as a promising approach towards the oral delivery of anti-leishmanial drugs.
Post-transcriptional air pollution oxidation to the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway promotes pulmonary stress phenotypes
Authors: Gonzalez-Rivera Juan C. , Baldridge Kevin C. , Wang Dongyu S. , Patel Kanan , Chuvalo-Abraham Jamie C. L. , Hildebrandt Ruiz Lea , Contreras Lydia M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe impact of environmentally-induced chemical changes in RNA has been fairly unexplored. Air pollution induces oxidative modifications such as 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) in RNAs of lung cells, which could be associated with premature lung dysfunction. We develop a method for 8-oxoG profiling using immunocapturing and RNA sequencing. We find 42 oxidized transcripts in bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells exposed to two air pollution mixtures that recreate urban atmospheres. We show that the FDFT1 transcript in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway is susceptible to air pollution-induced oxidation. This process leads to decreased transcript and protein expression of FDFT1, and reduced cholesterol synthesis in cells exposed to air pollution. Knockdown of FDFT1 replicates alterations seen in air pollution exposure such as transformed cell size and suppressed cytoskeleton organization. Our results argue of a possible novel biomarker and of an unseen mechanism by which air pollution selectively modifies key metabolic-related transcripts facilitating cell phenotypes in bronchial dysfunction.
Ionizing radiation induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition in human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Tang Bo , Xi Yue , Cui Fengmei , Gao Jin , Chen Huiqin , Yu Wentao , Tu Yu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to analyze the mechanism by which long-term occupational exposure of workers to low-dose ionizing irradiation induces epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the human bronchial epithelial cells using transcriptome profiling.
Methods: RNA-seq transcriptomics was used to determine gene expression in blood samples from radiation-exposed workers followed by bioinformatics analysis. Normal bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) were irradiated for different durations and subjected to immunofluorescence, Western blotting, scratch healing, and adhesion assays to detect the progression of EMT and its underlying molecular mechanisms.
Results: Transcriptomics revealed that exposure to ionizing radiation led to changes in the expression of genes related to EMT, immune response, and migration. At increased cumulative doses, ionizing radiation-induced significant EMT, as evidenced by a gradual decrease in the expression of E-cadherin, increased vimentin, elevated migration ability, and decreased adhesion capability of 16HBE cells. The expression of fibronectin 1 (FN1) showed a gradual increase with the progression of EMT, and may be involved in EMT.
Conclusion: Ionizing radiation induces EMT. FN1 may be involved in the progression of EMT and could serve as a potential biomarker for this process.
Clinicopathological and prognostic value of S100A4 expression in non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jing , Gu Yanhui , Liu Xiaoli , Rao Ximin , Huang Guichuan , Ouyang Yao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Numerous published studies have shown that S100A4 is frequently overexpressed in various human cancers. However, the association between S100A4 expression and prognosis or clinicopathological parameters in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to identify the significance of S100A4 in NSCLC.
Methods: Systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure database (CNKI), and the Wanfang database to obtain relevant articles. A combined hazard ratio (HR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the association between S100A4 expression and prognosis in NSCLC patients. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated to assess the association between S100A4 expression and clinicopathological features in NSCLC.
Results: NSCLC patients with overexpression of S100A4 had a worse prognosis than patients with low expression of S100A4 (HR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.55–2.02, P&lt;0.001). Additionally, overexpression of S100A4 was significantly correlated to patients’ age (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49–0.91, P=0.010), tumor differentiation (OR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.69–2.85, P&lt;0.001), lymph node metastasis (LNM) (OR = 3.70, 95% CI: 2.25–6.06, P&lt;0.001), Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage (OR = 3.08, 95% CI: 2.10–4.53, P&lt;0.001), and pathological subtype (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.09–2.88, P=0.020). However, there was no association between S100A4 expression and other clinicopathological features in NSCLC, including gender, tumor size, and smoking.
Conclusion: S100A4 overexpression was associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. Hence, S100A4 might serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in NSCLC.
Prevalence of Self-Reported Depression Symptoms and Perceived Anxiety Among Community-Dwelling U.S. Adults Reporting Tinnitus
Authors: Reavis Kelly M. , Henry James A. , Marshall Lynn M. , Carlson Kathleen F. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between tinnitus and self-reported mental health distress, namely, depression symptoms and perceived anxiety, in adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examinations Survey between 2009 and 2012. A secondary aim was to determine if a history of serving in the military modified the associations between tinnitus and mental health distress.

Method
This was a cross-sectional study design of a national data set that included 5,550 U.S. community-dwelling adults ages 20 years and older, 12.7% of whom were military Veterans. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between tinnitus and mental health distress. All measures were based on self-report. Tinnitus and perceived anxiety were each assessed using a single question. Depression symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire, a validated questionnaire. Multivariable regression models were adjusted for key demographic and health factors, including self-reported hearing ability.

Results
Prevalence of tinnitus was 15%. Compared to adults without tinnitus, adults with tinnitus had a 1.8-fold increase in depression symptoms and a 1.5-fold increase in perceived anxiety after adjusting for potential confounders. Military Veteran status did not modify these observed associations.

Conclusions
Findings revealed an association between tinnitus and both depression symptoms and perceived anxiety, independent of potential confounders, among both Veterans and non-Veterans. These results suggest, on a population level, that individuals with tinnitus have a greater burden of perceived mental health distress and may benefit from interdisciplinary health care, self-help, and community-based interventions.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12568475
Digitalisierung und Gesundheitswissenschaften – White Paper
Digital Public Health
Authors: Darmann-Finck Ingrid , Rothgang Heinz , Zeeb Hajo 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungPotenziale, Grenzen und Risiken der Digitalisierung in Public Health werden in
den kommenden Jahren ein Schwerpunkt der Arbeit des Wissenschaftsschwerpunkts
Gesundheitswissenschaften der Universität Bremen sein. Als grundlegende
Positionsbestimmung in diesem dynamischen Themenfeld wurde ein White Papier
entwickelt. Das White Paper benennt aus Sicht des Wissenschaftsschwerpunktes
grundlegende Bewertungskriterien für Digital Public Health,
identifiziert Schnittstellen und Ansatzpunkte der interdisziplinären
Zusammenarbeit und beschreibt Querverbindungen und Abgrenzungen zu Themen der
Digitalisierung in der Individualmedizin (Digital Health). Das White Paper wird
hier in einer Kurzfassung zur Diskussion gestellt.
Rückgang von Infektionen durch Streptokokken der Gruppe B bei
Neugeborenen: Analyse von Krankenversicherungsdaten 2005 bis
2017
Authors: Sorg Anna-Lisa , Obermeier Viola , Armann Jakob , Klemme Mathias , von Kries Rüdiger 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In der Leitlinie zur Prophylaxe der frühen Form
(Early Onset Sepsis, EOS) der Neugeborenensepsis durch Streptokokken der Gruppe
B (GBS) wird ein GBS Screening aller Schwangeren empfohlen. Dieses ist jedoch
nicht Bestandteil der Mutterschaftsrichtlinien. Studienziel war die
Überprüfung des zeitlichen Verlaufs der Infektionsrate im
Zusammenhang mit dem GBS Screening.
Methodik Krankenversicherungsdaten der Jahre 2005 bis 2017 von
313 385 BARMER versicherten Mutter-Kind Paaren wurden analysiert.
Über die ICD-10 P36.0 wurde die jährliche Häufigkeit von
GBS Infektionen bei Neugeborenen ermittelt. Als Surrogat für das GBS
Screening wurde die ICD-10 B95.1 verwendet, welche bekannte positive
mütterliche GBS Besiedelung beschreibt. Durch logistische
Regressionsmodelle wurden die zeitliche Veränderungen des
Erkrankungsrisikos von EOS bei Neugeborenen untersucht.
Pearson-Korrelationskoeffizient wurde zur Bewertung des Zusammenhangs zwischen
der zeitlichen Veränderung der Häufigkeit an EOS und dem
Surrogatmarker für GBS Besiedelung verwendet.
Ergebnisse Das Erkrankungsrisiko der EOS bei Neugeborenen hat
jährlich um 9,3% abgenommen, gesamt über die
Beobachtungsjahre um 72,0%, während für die
Spätform LOS (Late Onset Sepsis) keine statistisch signifikante
Veränderung beobachtet wurde. Diese Abnahme konnte nicht durch zeitliche
Veränderungen bei Kaiserschnitten, Risikofaktoren oder
Frühgeburten erklärt werden. Eine gleichzeitige Erhöhung
des Anteils der Mütter mit bekanntem positivem GBS Status um den Faktor
3,5 korrelierte invers (r=− 0,75; p=0,002) mit
der Inzidenz von EOS.
Schlussfolgerung Die starke Abnahme der EOS in Deutschland bei
unveränderter Inzidenz von LOS könnte durch eine zunehmende
Umsetzung des Schwangerenscreenings erklärt werden.
Narrow-band imaging versus Lugol chromoendoscopy for esophageal squamous cell cancer screening in normal endoscopic practice: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gruner Mélissa , Denis Angélique , Masliah Claude , Amil Morgane , Metivier-Cesbron Elodie , Luet Dominique , Kaasis Medhi , Coron Emmanuel , Le Rhun Marc , Lecleire Stéphane , Antonietti Michel , Legoux Jean-Louis , Lefrou Laurent , Renkes Pascal , Tarreirias Anne-Laure , Balian Philippe , Rey Philippe , Prost Bénédicte , Cellier Christophe , Rahmi Gabriel , Samaha Elia , Fratte Serge , Guerrier Béatrice , Landel Verena , Touzet Sandrine , Ponchon Thierry , Pioche Mathieu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground Narrow-band imaging (NBI) is as sensitive as Lugol chromoendoscopy to detect esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) but its specificity, which appears higher than that of Lugol chromoendoscopy in expert centers, remains to be established in general practice. This study aimed to prove the superiority of NBI specificity over Lugol chromoendoscopy in the detection of esophageal SCC and high grade dysplasia (HGD) in current general practice (including tertiary care centers, local hospitals, and private clinics).Methods This prospective randomized multicenter trial included consecutive patients with previous or current SCC of the upper aerodigestive tract who were scheduled for gastroscopy. Patients were randomly allocated to either the Lugol or NBI group. In the Lugol group, examination with white light and Lugol chromoendoscopy were successively performed. In the NBI group, NBI examination was performed after white-light endoscopy. We compared the diagnostic characteristics of NBI and Lugol chromoendoscopy in a per-patient analysis.Results 334 patients with history of SCC were included and analyzed (intention-to-treat) from 15 French institutions between March 2011 and December 2015. In per-patient analysis, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood values were 100 %, 66.0 %, 21.2 %, and 100 %, respectively, for Lugol chromoendoscopy vs. 100 %, 79.9 %, 37.5 %, and 100 %, respectively, for NBI. Specificity was greater with NBI than with Lugol (P = 0.002).Conclusions As previously demonstrated in expert centers, NBI was more specific than Lugol in current gastroenterology practice for the detection of early SCC, but combined approaches with both NBI and Lugol could improve the detection of squamous neoplasia.
Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, and laparoscopic greater curve plication: do they differ at 2 years?
Authors: Lopez-Nava Gontrand , Asokkumar Ravishankar , Bautista-Castaño Inmaculada , Laster Janese , Negi Anuradha , Fook-Chong Stephanie , Nebreda Duran Javier , Espinett Coll Eduard , Gebelli Jordi Pujol , Garcia Ruiz de Gordejuela Amador 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is an effective treatment option for obesity. However, data comparing its efficacy to bariatric surgery are scarce. We aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of ESG with laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and laparoscopic greater curve plication (LGCP) at 2 years.
Methods We reviewed 353 patient records and identified 296 patients who underwent ESG (n = 199), LSG (n = 61), and LGCP (n = 36) at four centers in Spain between 2014 and 2016. We compared their total body weight loss (%TBWL) and safety over 2 years. A linear mixed model (LMM) was used to analyze repeated measures of weight loss outcomes at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months to compare the three procedures.
Results Among the 296 patients, 210 (ESG 135, LSG 43, LGCP 32) completed 1 year of follow-up and 102 (ESG 46, LSG 34, LGCP 22) reached 2 years. Their mean (standard deviation [SD]) body mass index (BMI) was 39.6 (4.8) kg/m2. There were no differences in age, sex, or BMI between the groups. In LMM analysis, adjusting for age, sex, and initial BMI, we found ESG had a significantly lower TBWL, %TBWL, and BMI decline compared with LSG and LGCP at all time points (P = 0.001). The adjusted mean %TBWL at 2 years for ESG, LSG, and LGCP were 18.5 %, 28.3 %, and 26.9 %, respectively. However, ESG, when compared with LSG and LGCP, had a shorter inpatient stay (1 vs. 3 vs. 3 days; P < 0.001) and lower complication rate (0.5 % vs. 4.9 % vs. 8.3 %; P = 0.006).
Conclusion All three procedures induced significant weight loss in obese patients. Although the weight loss was lower with ESG compared with other techniques, it displayed a better safety profile and shorter hospital stay.
The Use of Domino Reactions for the Synthesis of Chiral Rings
Authors: Pellissier Hélène 
Published: July 2020

This short review highlights the recent developments reported in the last four years on the asymmetric construction of chiral rings based on enantioselective domino reactions promoted by chiral metal catalysts.1	Introduction2	Formation of One Ring Containing One Nitrogen Atom3	Formation of One Ring Containing One Oxygen/Sulfur Atom4	Formation of One Ring Containing Several Heterocyclic Atoms5	Formation of One Carbon Ring6	Formation of Two Rings7	Conclusion
Escoliose degenerativa do adulto
Authors: Cristante Alexandre Fogaça , Silva Ricardo Teixeira e , Costa Guilherme Henrique Ricardo da , Marcon Raphael Martus 
Published: July 2020

ResumoO envelhecimento da população aumenta a incidência dos processos degenerativos osteomusculares, como a escoliose do adulto (EA). A EA é definida como uma deformidade da coluna no plano coronal com ângulo de Cobb > 10° e pode ocorrer devido a um processo degenerativo (escoliose de novo), evolução de uma escoliose pré-existente ou de forma iatrogênica.A EA é uma doença potencialmente limitante que acomete um grupo heterogêneo de pacientes. O tratamento clínico se mostrou pouco efetivo e a indicação cirúrgica é frequente. No presente artigo, é apresentada uma revisão sobre a fisiopatologia, a manifestação clínica e o diagnóstico da EA. Também são apresentadas as indicações cirúrgicas e as principais técnicas utilizadas atualmente.
Estudo das lesões de sobrecarga durante período intenso de atividade física complementado com avaliação por dinamometria isocinética
Authors: Mónico José Lito , Silva Frederico , Marques José Pedro , Cardoso Joaquim , Mónico Lisete , Fonseca Fernando 
Published: July 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Os autores pretendem medir a incidência de lesões de sobrecarga em militares em formação, que são submetidos a exercício físico intenso, e compará-la com um grupo controle. Posteriormente, pretende-se verificar se existe alguma relação entre a ocorrência de lesões de sobrecarga e alguns parâmetros da função neuromuscular.
Métodos Estudo observacional prospectivo analítico. Grupo de observação e grupo controle constituídos por militares do Exército Português. A avaliação clínica foi feita por entrevista médica na semana que antecede o início do curso de paraquedismo militar e na semana imediatamente após o final do curso. Em simultâneo com a entrevista médica, foi realizada a avaliação da performance neuromuscular através da dinamometria isocinética.
Resultados Com 44 dos 57 militares em formação a referir queixas álgicas, o grupo de observação apresentou significativamente mais lesões que o grupo controle (p < 0.001). Cinco queixas foram de origem traumática e 39 foram lesões de sobrecarga. Dos 39 militares com lesões de sobrecarga, 21 referiram limitação do rendimento esportivo. No entanto, na avaliação por dinamometria isocinética, não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas na evolução da performance neuromuscular (p = 0.223 e p = 0.229).
Conclusão Os militares em formação são indivíduos propensos a sofrerem lesões de sobrecarga, tendo-se obtido uma taxa de incidência de lesões de sobrecarga na ordem dos 70%. A implementação de estratégias de monitoração e prevenção das lesões são fundamentais na promoção da saúde e da capacidade física.