bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical optimization and experiment on lubrication of floating microgroove cylindrical seal
Authors: Lu Junjie 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze and improve the lubrication performance of a floating cylindrical seal by investigating micro spiral groove.

Design/methodology/approach
The lubrication model of is solved by finite difference, considering the influence of convergence eccentricity and Rayleigh step on the gas film period. A lubrication model, which is a gas film of floating microgroove cylindrical seal, is solved under high-precision central difference (finite-difference method-center) for the critical problems of convergence eccentricity and Rayleigh step. And then, an idea on the opening-leakage ratio is proposed, and a multiobjective optimization model is established. Finally, an experiment is conducted on a narrow gap to determine the gas film opening force and leakage by the modules of testing system, and the theoretical results are verified by real tests.

Findings
The theoretical calculation results agree well with the experimental data, which proves the correctness of the lubrication optimization model, and the optimized groove has better lubrication performance. On the other hand, the sealing pressure plays a more important role in the seal operation.

Originality/value
The theoretical model carries out low complexity and high sparseness, thus being very suitable for large-scale gas film problems. A multiobjective optimal function is established based on the opening-leakage ratio for optimizing groove. Finally, a curved groove of high precision and gas film opening force is obtained completely.

Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-02-2020-0048/
The collapse of credit booms: a competing risks analysis
Authors: Castro Vítor , Martins Rodrigo 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper analyses the collapse of credit booms into soft landings or systemic banking crises.Design/methodology/approachA discrete-time competing risks duration model is employed to disentangle the factors behind the length of benign and harmful credit booms.FindingsThe results show that economic growth and monetary authorities play the major role in explaining the differences in the length and outcome of credit booms. Moreover, both types of credit expansions display positive duration dependence, i.e. both are more likely to end as they grow older, but hard landing credit booms have proven to be longer than those that land softly.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to our understanding of what affects the length of credit booms and why some end up creating havoc and others do not. In particular, it calls the attention to the important role that Central Bank independence plays regarding credit booms length and outcome.
On the performance of US fiscal forecasts: government vs. private information
Authors: An Zidong , Jalles Joao Tovar 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper contributes to shed light on the quality and performance of US fiscal forecasts.Design/methodology/approachThe first part inspects the causes of official fiscal forecasts revisions by Congressional Budget Office (CBO) between 1984 and 2016 that are due to technical, economic or policy reasons.FindingsBoth individual and cumulative means of forecast errors are relatively close to zero, particularly in the case of expenditures. CBO averages indicate net average downward revenue and expenditure revisions and net average upward deficit revisions. Focusing on the causes of the technical component, the authors uncover that its revisions are quite unpredictable, which cast doubts on inferences about fiscal policy sustainability that rely on point estimates. Comparing official with private-sector (consensus) forecasts, despite the informational advantages CBO might have, one cannot unequivocally say that one or the other is more accurate. Evidence also seems to suggest that CBO forecasts are consistently heavily biased toward optimism while this is less the case for consensus forecasts. Not only is the extent of information rigidity is more prevalent in CBO forecasts but also evidence seems to indicate that consensus forecasts dominate CBO in terms of information content.Originality/valueThe authors provide a detailed analysis on US fiscal forecasts both using revenue and expenditure and decomposing forecast errors into several explanatory components. Moreover, the authors compare official with private-sector (consensus) forecasts and assess which one is better or preferred.
Property valuation in UK: climate change targets and the value of UK investment properties – a change in sea level[1]
Authors: French Nick 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe UK government, in late 2019, announced new proposed targets for the energy efficiency legislation in the UK, MEES – Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards. The current suggestion is that all let properties, commercial or residential, need to be B rated by 2030. If this is implemented, it will have a significant impact upon the UK market property investment market.Design/methodology/approachThis practice briefing is an overview of the 2018 legislation and comments on how market awareness has changed since its introduction and the potential impact upon prices of affected properties moving forwardFindingsThis paper discusses how capital and rental values are beginning to be discounted in the market to allow for current and future liabilities under the MEES legislation. This has a significant impact on strategies for property investment.Practical implicationsThis paper analyses the likelihood of (negative) capital and rental value changes under the proposed stricter energy efficiency guidelines.Originality/valueThis provides guidance on how valuations can be undertaken to reflect any impact of the likely changes to UK energy efficiency legislation.
Haze pollution, new-type urbanization and regional total factor productivity growth: based on a panel dataset involving all 31 provinces within the territory of China
Authors: Zhang Ruihan , Sun Bing , Liu Mingyao , Hou Jian 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of regional total factor productivity (TFP) growth and explores how haze pollution and different levels of new-type urbanization affect China’s economic growth.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper constructs an index for evaluating the TFP growth of China’s 31 provinces by integrating slack-based measures and the Global Malmquist (GM) productivity index. Meanwhile, the panel threshold estimation method is used to examine the complex relationships among haze pollution, new-type urbanization and TFP growth.

Findings
The results reflect conspicuous spatiotemporal heterogeneity in TFP growth in China. Interestingly, the influence of haze pollution on TFP growth is limited by the “critical mass” of new-type urbanization in China. When new-type urbanization does not cross the first threshold, haze pollution has a negative but non-significant effect on TFP growth. When new-type urbanization crosses the first threshold but not the second, haze pollution has a significant positive impact on TFP growth. When new-type urbanization crosses the second threshold, haze pollution significantly and positively affects TFP growth with the strongest positive effect.

Originality/value
This study innovates by combining haze pollution and TFP growth and proposing an integrated framework from the perspective of new-type urbanization, providing insight into how different degrees of new-type urbanization impact the mechanism between haze pollution and TFP growth. Using panel data in China and emphasizing green development, a sustainable economy and new-type urbanization, this study contributes to the current studies on haze pollution and economic development based on developed countries.
Intensity of product market competition, institutional environment and accrual quality
Authors: Kamarudin Khairul Anuar , Mohamad Ariff Akmalia , Wan Ismail Wan Adibah 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the joint effect of product market competition (PMC) and institutional environment on accrual quality.Design/methodology/approachThe sample covers a large data set of 52,138 firm-year observations from 35 countries over the period of 2011-2015. Using the weighted least square regression, the study estimates PMC and institutional environment on accrual quality. The study measures PMC based on Herfindahl-Hirschman index, anti-director rights index (ADRI) based on the revised and updated La Portaet al.'s (1998) and accrual quality using the modified Dechow and Dichev (2002) model proposed by McNichols (2002). The study also uses a series of specification tests using alternative measures for each variable.FindingsThe study finds that highly intensified PMC relates to a lower quality of accruals. The results also show that accrual quality is better in countries with stronger institutional environment, specifically countries with higher ADRI, investor protection, judicial independence, protection of minority shareholders’ interests, protection of property rights, strength of the auditing and reporting standards, efficacy of corporate boards and corporate ethics. The findings suggest that institutional factors weaken the negative impact of PMC intensity on accrual quality, hence suggesting that institutional environment has a significant role to enhance accrual quality among firms in highly intensified industries.Practical implicationsThe findings provide additional insights to policymakers and regulators on the importance of strong institutional and industry environment that can provide incentives and extra governance mechanisms besides the conventional firm-level corporate governance.Originality/valueThis study contributes in understanding the impact of intensity of PMC on accrual quality internationally and subsequently highlights the role of institutional environment as significant country-level governance in determining financial reporting quality, particularly accrual quality.
Carbon fiber fabric/epoxy composites with electric- and light-responsive shape memory effect
Authors: Yu Laiming , Zhang Tianqi , Wang Wenjun , Dong Yubing , Fu Yaqin 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This study aims to discuss the effect of carbon fiber on the electric-respone of shape memory epoxy property. Epoxy (EP) is a typical excellent thermosetting shape memory polymer (SMP). To enrich the shape memory epoxy (SMEP) responsive mode, the carbon fiber fabric-reinforced SMEP composites were prepared, and the mechanical properties and the electric- and light-responsive shape memory effect of the composites were investigated and confirmed.

Design/methodology/approach
The carbon fiber fabric/SMEP composites were prepared via a dipping method. The carbon fiber fabric was dipped into the waterborne epoxy emulsion and dried at room temperature and then post-cured in the oven at 120 °C for 2 h. The mechanical properties and the multi-responsive shape memory properties of the composites were tested and confirmed via tensile test instrument, DC electrical source and near-infrared (NIR) laser source control system.

Findings
The carbon fiber fabric/SMEP composites showed excellent electric- and light-responsive shape memory effect.

Research limitations/implications
High performance and multi-responsive shape memory materials have always been the goal of the scientists. Carbon fiber fabric and SMEP both consist of a good reputation in the field of composites, and the combination of both would set a solid foundation for getting a high performance and multi-responsive shape memory effect materials, which will enrich the responsive mode and broaden the application of SMEP.

Originality/value
Multi-responsive SMEP composites were prepared from waterborne epoxy and carbon fiber fabric.
Rechallenge of programmed cell death 1 inhibitor after an interval with dacarbazine treatment may be effective for advanced malignant melanoma
Authors: Kan Takanobu , Takahagi Shunsuke , Kawai Mikio , Matsubara Daiki , Tanaka Akio , Hide Michihiro 
Published: June 2020

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been administrated as a standard medication in many cases of malignant melanoma (MM). They may be effective even for MM in advanced stages. However, it is still challenging to reduce the burden of MM, which were or became refractory to ICI, especially those without BRAF gene mutation. Re‐administration of ICI after other modalities of treatment may be an option of treatment, but the efficacy and safety of retreatment with ICI have not been well established. We experienced four patients with advanced MM retreated with programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) inhibitor. All cases were refractory to the first PD‐1 inhibitor, nivolumab, and then treated with dacarbazine (DTIC), followed by pembrolizumab. Two of the four cases achieved a partial response by switching to pembrolizumab as the second PD‐1 inhibitor, and the other two cases resulted in progressive disease. In all cases, no new severe adverse events developed upon PD‐1 inhibitor retreatment. Even if the first PD‐1 inhibitor proves to be ineffective, it is worth re‐administrating PD‐1 inhibitor following a bridging therapy with DTIC.
Circulating tumor necrosis factor‐α DNA are elevated in psoriasis
Authors: Sakamoto Ryoko , Sawamura Soichiro , Kajihara Ikko , Miyauchi Hitomi , Urata Kazumi , Otsuka‐Maeda Saki , Kanemaru Hisashi , Kanazawa‐Yamada Saori , Honda Noritoshi , Makino Katsunari , Miyashita Azusa , Aoi Jun , Makino Takamitsu , Fukushima Satoshi , Ihn Hironobu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn psoriasis, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α is a key pro‐inflammatory cytokine that activates keratinocytes to produce other inflammatory mediators. In addition, increased serum or plasma TNF‐α levels are considered to be biomarkers of psoriasis. Circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) originates from apoptotic or necrotic cells and reflects the severity of cellular damage. Although cfDNA has recently attracted attention as a marker in the diagnosis and prognosis of various disorders, there are few reports of its clinical implications in the field of dermatology including psoriasis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the TNF‐α gene is present in the cfDNA, and whether its levels can be utilized as a biomarker for patients with psoriasis. cfDNA was isolated from serum samples of 79 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 29 with psoriatic arthritis. The levels of TNF‐α in the cfDNA were assessed by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. In this study, we made two novel findings. First, circulating TNF‐α DNA levels in the cfDNA were significantly higher in patients with psoriasis than in healthy controls. In addition, the area under the curve was 0.91, suggesting that serum TNF‐α DNA levels are effective as a diagnostic biomarker. Second, the levels of TNF‐α DNA copies in the cfDNA were positively correlated with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score in the group of patients with a PASI score higher than 10. Generally, a PASI score of more than 10 is defined as severe psoriasis; therefore, the levels of TNF‐α DNA copies in the cfDNA could be a biomarker for severity in patients with severe psoriasis. Further studies are needed to establish serum TNF‐α DNA levels as a novel biomarker of psoriasis.
Proximity to humans affects local social structure in a giraffe metapopulation
Authors: Bond Monica L. , König Barbara , Lee Derek E. , Ozgul Arpat , Farine Damien R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Experimental laboratory evidence suggests that animals with disrupted social systems express weakened relationship strengths and have more exclusive social associations, and that these changes have functional consequences. A key question is whether anthropogenic pressures have a similar impact on the social structure of wild animal communities.

We addressed this question by constructing a social network from 6 years of systematically collected photographic capture–recapture data spanning 1,139 individual adult female Masai giraffes inhabiting a large, unfenced, heterogeneous landscape in northern Tanzania. We then used the social network to identify distinct social communities, and tested whether social or anthropogenic and other environmental factors predicted differences in social structure among these communities.

We reveal that giraffes have a multilevel social structure. Local preferences in associations among individuals scale up to a number of distinct, but spatially overlapping, social communities, that can be viewed as a large interconnected metapopulation. We then find that communities that are closer to traditional compounds of Indigenous Masai people express weaker relationship strengths and the giraffes in these communities are more exclusive in their associations.

The patterns we characterize in response to proximity to humans reflect the predictions of disrupted social systems. Near bomas, fuelwood cutting can reduce food resources, and groups of giraffes are more likely to encounter livestock and humans on foot, thus disrupting the social associations among group members. Our results suggest that human presence could potentially be playing an important role in determining the conservation future of this megaherbivore.
A universal oyster infection model demonstrates that Vibrio vulnificusType 6 secretion systems have antibacterial activity in vivo
Authors: Hubert Cameron L. , Michell Stephen Ll. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryWith the rapid increase of aquaculture contributing to sustainable food security, comes the need to better understand seafood associated diseases. One of the major aquatic bacterial genera responsible for human infections from seafood is Vibrio, especially from oysters. Currently, in vivo study of bacterial interactions within oysters is limited by the inability to promote high‐level uptake of bacteria by oysters. This study has therefore evolved current natural marine snow protocols to generate ‘artificial’ marine snow, into which bacteria can be incorporated to facilitate extensive uptake by oysters. This presents an adaptable model for bacterial study within filter‐feeding shellfish. Using this model, we demonstrate for the first time the antibacterial activity of Vibrio vulnificus Type 6 secretion systems in vivo, revealing an important role for the T6SS in V. vulnificus ecology.
Changes in Climate and Land Cover Affect Seasonal Streamflow Forecasts in the Rio Grande Headwaters
Authors: Penn Colin A. , Clow David W. , Sexstone Graham A. , Murphy Sheila F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSeasonal streamflow forecast bias, changes in climate, snowpack, and land cover, and the effects of these changes on relations between basin‐wide snowpack, SNOw TELemetry (SNOTEL) station snowpack, and seasonal streamflow were evaluated in the headwaters of the Rio Grande, Colorado. Results indicate that shifts in the seasonality of precipitation and changing climatology are consistent with periods of overprediction and underprediction in streamflow forecasts. Multiple linear regression of SNOTEL data, postcedent precipitation, and land‐cover changes explained 2%–18% more variability in streamflow prediction than using SNOTEL station data alone. Simulated basin‐wide snowpack from a physically based model had significant negative trends in snow water equivalent (−4.33 mm/yr) and snow‐covered area (−0.05%/yr) during the melt period April–June. Simulated streamflow from a precipitation‐runoff model increased an average 5% when the effects of bark beetle‐induced tree mortality were compared to a baseline simulation with static vegetation. The effects of a 2013 wildfire increased simulated seasonal streamflow an average 35% for 1–4 years postfire. The combined effects of climate and land‐cover changes on snowpack‐streamflow relations highlight the difficulty in seasonal streamflow forecasting, which has important implications for water‐resource management.
Randomized controlled trial of social cognition and interaction training compared to befriending group
Authors: Dark Frances , Scott James G. , Baker Andrea , Parker Stephen , Gordon Anne , Newman Ellie , Gore‐Jones Victoria , Lim Carmen C. W. , Jones Lyndall , Penn David L. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundDeficits in social cognition are common in people with schizophrenia and are associated with impaired functioning. Finding effective interventions to address these deficits is a priority. Social Cognition Interaction Training (SCIT) is a psychosocial intervention that has demonstrated acceptability and feasibility in various health care settings. Larger, well‐designed randomized controlled trials are needed to examine the effectiveness of this intervention.DesignA randomized controlled trial.MethodsOne hundred and twenty adults diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder were randomized to receive SCIT (n = 61) or Befriending Therapy (BT) (n = 59). Both intervention groups were delivered weekly for 2 hr over 12 weeks. Neurocognitive assessment was completed at baseline. Participants completed assessments of social cognition, social functioning, and meta‐cognition at baseline, post‐intervention, and 3‐month follow‐up.ResultsThere were no clinically significant differences between group outcomes on any measure of social cognition or social functioning. There was a trend for both groups to improve over time but not at a level of statistical significance.ConclusionsSCIT did not show any additional benefits on measures of social cognition compared to Befriending Therapy for people with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. The findings are discussed in terms of potential improvements to the programme.Practitioner points

Effective interventions for the social cognitive deficits of schizophrenia spectrum disorders are still being refined.

Social Cognition Interaction Training is a promising therapy but requires further modifications to improve its effectiveness.
Primary cutaneous synovial sarcoma—Sometimes the hoof beats are zebras
Authors: Sharma Anurag , Ko Jennifer Susan , Billings Steven D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSynovial sarcoma accounts for 5% to 10% of soft tissue sarcoma and it typically presents as a deep soft tissue mass. Primary cutaneous presentation is exceptionally rare, with only isolated case reports. We report a case of primary cutaneous synovial sarcoma in a 58‐year‐old woman that presented as a nodule involving the left occipital scalp. A complete radiologic evaluation of the patient failed to reveal any other mass lesion. Histologic sections showed a densely cellular, diffuse spindle cell proliferation within the subcutis. The lesion was composed of uniform, plump spindled cells with nuclei and vesicular chromatin, arranged in haphazard fascicles. There was admixed hemorrhage and a hemangiopericytoma‐like vasculature. Immunohistochemically, the spindled cells showed focal strong positivity for cytokeratin (CK) OSCAR, CK5/6, CK34BE12, and pan‐CK. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was positive for a rearrangement of SYT (SS18), confirming the diagnosis of monophasic synovial sarcoma. Synovial sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of monomorphous spindle cell tumors, especially if the tumors have a hemangiopericytoma‐like vasculature or express keratins. In such cases, confirmatory molecular testing should be performed to confirm the diagnosis.