bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of zonisamide and topiramate use in treatment of pediatric epilepsy in real clinical practice: the results of a retrospective study and related clinical cases
Authors: Rakhmanina O. A. , Levitina E. V. , Khramova E. B. , Keln O. L. , Zmanovskaya V. A. 
Published: May 2020

Background. Comparative study of antiepileptic drugs allows to make the optimal choice in therapy.The aim of the study: a comparative analysis of the administration of two similar by chemical structure antiepileptic drugs (zonisamide and topiramate) in the outpatient practice in epilepsy in children, taking into account the efficacy and tolerability.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of outpatient charts of equal in number (n = 18) groups of patients with different forms of epilepsy treated with zonisamide and topiramate in monotherapy and in combined therapy was carried out.Results. In general, no statistically significant difference in the efficacy of zonisamide and topiramate was obtained (p = 0.692). Efficacy in structural focal epilepsy was also comparable (absence of seizures 54.6 % and 45.5 %, respectively). With comparable efficacy, zonisamide was administered to patients much later in the antiepileptic drugs (Me = 5) than topiramate (Me = 3). Side effects on zonisamide were registered in 27.8 %, side effects on topiramate – in 38.9 % (p = 0.480). The difference in the effect of these drugs on cognitive functions was noted.Conclusions. Zonisamide shows its effectiveness in different forms of epilepsy in children, despite the later appointment in practice. The drug is well tolerated and probably has less negative effect on children’s cognitive functions than topiramate.
The Use of Public Information Technologies in Protection of Environmental Rights and Rights to Natural Resources
Authors: Luneva E. V. 
Published: May 2020

The paper concludes that there is a lack of uniform judicial practice concerning the use of free geoinformation systems and cartographic services based on high-resolution satellite images in the field of protection of environmental rights and rights to natural resources.The author has defined additional criteria of relevance and reliability of public satellite images and parts of digital maps when they are used as evidence in the category of cases under consideration. Additional criteria for the relevance of such evidence should include: (1) the existence of geographical coordinates or their independent georeferencing and gridding by means of an existing or other program when compared with other images or digital maps; 2) indication of the date of shooting; 3) quality (clarity, high resolution, absence of clouds, fog and other visual “obstacles”), which allows us to “read” satellite image and parts of the digital map.An additional criterion for the credibility of such evidence should include the possibility of “double” verification. First, one needs verifying that the printout or screenshot of a page of the Internet site containing an image of a public satellite image or a part of a digital map correspond to the satellite image itself or a part of a digital map using the specified date, geographic coordinates, and scale. Second, one needs verifying that the information about circumstances recorded in public satellite images and parts of digital maps corresponds to the actual circumstances. In law enforcement, approaches contrary to screenshots of pages of Internet sites used as evidence have been determined. It is shown that the additional criterion of evidentiary relevance of screenshots in cases under consideration is characterized as sufficient.
Assessment of dose-dependent effects of anxiolytics of benzodiazepine structure with diazepam as an example in Danio Rerio
Authors: Devyashin Aleksandr S. , Blazhenko Aleksandra A. , Lebedev Viktor A. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Bychkov Eugenii R. , Shabanov Petr D. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The effect of benzodiazepine anxiolytic diazepam in Danio rerio was investigated.
Methods. A stress test on novelty situation was used: a fish was placed first in a beaker with a dissolved pharmacological substance (or water) and then into a novel tank for 6 min, where the trajectory, the path length, the number of movements to the upper part of the novel tank, the number and time of the pattern of freezing of the experiment were measured.
Results. In response to the novelty of tank, the fish was shown to react by submerging to the bottom, increasing the freezing, and reducing the number of movements to the upper half of the novel tank. After diazepam exposure (administration), the fish was not only in the lower, but also in the upper part of the novel tank. A pharmacological analysis of diazepam effect in Danio rerio showed that in a certain dose range of 110 mg/l anxiolytic reduces (in comparison with the control group of fish) the number and time of freezing, increases the number of movements in the upper half of the tank and the swimming time in upper part of the tank. Diazepam causes a disinhibition of motor activity at doses of 1 and 5 mg/l, which may be explained by the effect of small doses of tranquilizers on presynaptic GABA-A autoreceptors. Diazepam 20 mg/l has a depriving effect.
Conclusion. Diazepam acts in a higher dose range (110 mg/l) than phenazepam (0.11 mg/l) in Danio rerio. At the same time, diazepam is characterized by a domed dose-dependent effect, in contrast to the action of phenazepam. The prospect of using Danio rerio as an animal model in behavioral pharmacology is not inferior to studies in rodents.
Large Uncertainties in Earthquake Stress-Drop Estimates and Their Tectonic Consequences
Authors: Neely James S. , Stein Seth , Spencer Bruce D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEarthquake stress drop, the stress change on a fault due to an earthquake, is important for seismic hazard analysis because it controls the level of high-frequency ground motions that damage structures. Numerous studies report that stress drops vary by tectonic environment, providing insight into a region’s seismic hazard. Here, we show that teleseismic stress-drop estimates have large uncertainties that make it challenging to distinguish differences between the stress drops of different earthquakes. We compared stress drops for ∼900 earthquakes derived from two independent studies using teleseismic data and found practically zero correlation. Estimates for the same earthquake can differ by orders of magnitude. Therefore, reported stress-drop differences between earthquakes may not reflect true differences. As a result of these larger uncertainties, some tectonic environment stress-drop patterns that appear in one study do not appear in the other analysis of the same earthquakes. These large uncertainties in teleseismic estimates might lead to erroneous inferences about earthquake hazards. In many applications, it may be more appropriate to assume that earthquakes in different regions have approximately the same average stress drop.
BCG Vaccination: A Beacon Of Hope With A Word Of Caution – An Overview On The Current Consensus In ncovid-19
Authors: Gulati Arun , Anudeep Talagavadi Channaiah , Jeyaraman Madhan , ES Sushmitha , Arora Arunabh , Jain Rashmi , Dilip Shirodkar Jaswandi 
Published: May 2020

The world is witnessing a great toll on human lives and economy due to nCOVID-19 pandemic. The newly emerged strain (SARS-CoV-2) is spreading rampantly with no regional barriers. No proven vaccination or a proven drug exist to pulverize SARS-CoV-2. Few studies have linked BCG vaccination policy to account for the difference in nCOVID-19 morbidity and mortality between countries experiencing an avalanche in comparison to those with moderate to mild disease. Apart from its prime discovery for combating TB infection, BCG vaccination holds a wide array of clinical utility because of its immunomodulatory potential. This serves as a ray of hope for extrapolating its use in nCOVID-19 with greater and earliest response. However, at present, it is wrapped with a fear of overutilization without proven efficacy against this contagion and may further result in a shortage of vaccines for children who are covered under immunization policy. A number of clinical trials are underway to enlighten upon BCG and its effectivity parameters to combat this scenario. These outcomes will surely be more significant for countries not following universal vaccination policy. In the interim, containment strategy along with supportive care is the mainstay to battle the prevailing scenario with a positive outlook on the results of ongoing clinical trials.
Propuesta de actualización de las normas para la atención de usuarias de métodos de planificación familiar en unidades de salud
Authors: Michaels U.E. Elsy , De Salemi E. Cecilia C. , Riaño Germán , Bohórquez J. , De Duque E. Luz Helena M. , Rizo Alberto 
Published: May 2020

El actual conjunto de Normas que regulan la oferta de servicios de planificación familiar por parte de los organismos oficiales de salud en Colombia, tuvo su origen a mediados de 1984. Pese a que los documentos técnicos que especificaban las normas y procedimientos de dicha actividad fueron preparados en el año mencionado, sólo hasta 1987 la División Materno Infantil del Ministerio de Salud Pública pudo contar con una publicación especialmente preparada para hacer conocer las normas de la mayoría de los organismos oficiales de salud, instituciones de educación superior, escuelas de auxiliares de enfermería y otros en el país.
Enfermedad tiroidea y embarazo
Authors: Gómez T. Gustavo , Camacho Rafael A. , González Lilian 
Published: May 2020

En la Clínica de Embarazo de Alto Riesgo Obstétrico-Endocrino se manejaron un total de 52 pacientes con enfermedad tiroidea y embarazo. 30 hipertiroideas, 17 hipotiroideas y 5 con Bocio Eutiroideo. Los diagnósticos rincipales en hipertiroidismo fueron E. de Graves (66%) y tiroiditis (16%). Dos pacientes (6.6%) presentaron crisis hipertiroidea y hubo una muerte materna (19%). Incidencia de 23% de cesáreas (la mitad por sufrimiento fetal). Dos recién nacidos (14%) tuvieron diagnóstico de bajo peso al nacer; no hubo muertes perinatales y sí un aborto de 20 semanas. El diagnóstico principal en hipotiroidismo fue tiroiditis de Hashimoto (30%). No se presentó mortalidad materna ni fetal. El Bocio Eutiroideo se comporta normalmente durante el embarazo.Se revisa el tema desde el punto de vista fisiológico durante el embarazo y se discute el diagnóstico y tratamiento.
Valor del curetaje endocervical en el diagnóstico de neoplasias cervicales: Instituto Materno Infantil de Bogotá. 1986-1988
Authors: Díaz Rodríguez Carlos Alberto , Aragón Sánchez Miguel Eduardo 
Published: May 2020

Se revisaron 202 historias clínicas de pacientes que acudieron a la consulta de oncología del I.M.I. y que fueron intervenidas entre los años de 1986 a 1988 (cono o histerectomía).El objetivo principal consiste en evaluar el resultado del CEC (curetaje endocervical), comparándolo con la citología. la biopsia exocervical y la pieza final de anatomía patológica con el fin de valorar el verdadero papel de este método diagnóstico para NIC.Encontramos un resultado positivo del CEC en 55% de casos con colposcopia satisfactoria y un 60% de los casos con colposcopia insatisfactoria. El CEC aumenta la agudeza diagnóstica en sólo 6% de casos con colposcopia insatisfactoria. La sensibilidad del CEC corresponde a un 64% y el valor predictivo positivo del 72%. Los falsos negativos encontrados corresponden al 36%. EL CEC no aportó el diagnóstico de invasión. Estos resultados se comparan con los resultados encontrados en otros estudios. (Rev Col Obstet Ginecol 1991; 42(3): 209-217).
Anotaciones históricas sobre los primeros años de la Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología
Authors: Silva Mojica Carlos R. 
Published: May 2020

Es altamente satisfactorio para mí recibir el reconocimiento y la distinción que hoy me otorga la Sociedad Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología al nombrarme como Miembro Emérito de la misma y presidente honorario de esta sesión solemne. Es cierto que no figuro en la nómina de los miembros fundadores liderados por Rafael Peralta pero sí colaboré activamente en la medida de mis capacidades en sus primeros años de vida.
Actualización en crioterapia. Usos en ginecología
Authors: Gallego Noreña Gildardo 
Published: May 2020

Este articulo presenta una información global acerca de la crioterapia.La introducción hace énfasis en que la terapia usual para NIC (neoplasia intraepitelial cervical) era la cirugía y hoy la crioterapia es una alternativa conservadora para mujeres jóvenes que quieren preservar la vida reproductiva.Presenta además aspectos históricos y luego explica el mecanismo de acción, dispositivo técnico, usos generales en medicina y ginecología.Los usos en el campo de la ginecología son muy importantes en entidades como cervicitis benigna, NIC, leucoplasias ceiVicales, papiloma virus humano y herpes genital.La orientación general va dirigida a los aspectos de tratamiento del NIC III. Las pacientes con NIC III deberán tener como requisitos mínimos: La lesión debe estar confinada estrictamente al cuello, el diámetro debe ser menor de tres centímetros y las márgenes de congelación deben pasar los cuatro milímetros lejos de la lesión.La paciente no debe tener coitos a usar tampones los siguientes diez días.Esta modalidad terapéutica se usó para pacientes con papiloma virus asociado o no con neoplasia, es una alternativa para mujeres embarazadas que cursan el primero y segundo trimestre.Finalmente muestra diagramas del criocauterio y se cita la bibliografía más relievante consultada.
Pasado, presente y futuro de la ultrasonografía obstétrica
Authors: Sánchez Torres Fernando 
Published: May 2020

Es válido advertir desde un principio que el autor del presente artículo no es un ultrasonografista o ecografista. Es apenas uno de los miles de ginecobstetras que en el mundo nos servimos de tan admirable e invaluable procedimiento físico no invasivo, que vino a transformar el ejercicio de la profesión médica en muchas de sus especialidades.
Analisis K-Means Clustering pada Data Sepeda Motor
Authors: Dinata Rozzi Kesuma , Safwandi Safwandi , Hasdyna Novia , Azizah Nur 
Published: May 2020

K-Means is a data mining algorithm that can be used to grouping or clustering data. This research using k-means for clustering the data of motorcycle based on consumer needs. The dataset used in this research is Honda and Yamaha motorcycle which taken from the dialers in Dewantara District, Aceh. The data tested by grouping 300 data of motorcycle with different attributes into 3 clusters, which are cheap, normal, and expensive. The distribution of the data we separate it using 45 data in 15 times of test. Each test used 3 different data randomly selected on each test. To calculate the distance of each motorcycle data that have been inputted to each centroid, we used the Euclidean Distance formula. Data in this cluster system can be used as a recommendation for users in selecting the motorcycle that they interest the most. The results of the performance on each test finished in 15 times shown that the average value of Precision by 76%, Recall by 76% and the accuracy by 81%.
La sal de la vida, vida en la sal: Producción de sal en paisajes de alto valor ecológico = The salt of life, life in salt: Salt production in high value landscapes
Authors: Hueso Kortekaas Katia 
Published: May 2020

RESUMEN:Pese a que la sal se considera perniciosa para la vida, los paisajes de la sal y, más en concreto las salinas de evaporación solar, constituyen complejos sistemas biológicos de gran relevancia para la producción de sal de calidad. No se trata sólo de la biodiversidad de especies halófilas que pueda habitarla o de las estrategias fisiológicas que la biota de las salinas tenga para sobrevivir a la sal en el ambiente, sino del entramado de relaciones que entre ellos se producen. El delicado equilibrio entre la red trófica de las salinas con la actividad de producción artesanal de sal, hacen que sean paisajes vivos, que garantizan la conservación de sus valores naturales y culturales. La producción artesanal de sal se puede considerar así una actividad agrícola que resulta en un producto de alta calidad y respetuoso con el medionatural.ABSTRACT:Although salt is considered harmful to life, saltscapes and, more specifically, solar evaporation salinas, are complex biological systems of great relevance to the production of quality salt. It is not only a question of the biodiversity of halophilic species that may inhabit them or the physiological strategies that their biota have to survive the salt present in the environment, but also of the network of relationships between them. The delicate balance between the trophic network of the salinas and the artisanal salt production, make them living landscapes, which guarantee the conservation of their natural and cultural values. Artisanal salt production can thus be considered an agricultural activity that results in a high quality product that is respectful of the naturalenvironment.
Effect of Bearing Surface on Survival of Cementless and Hybrid Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Davis Edward T. , Pagkalos Joseph , Kopjar Branko 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Modern bearing surface options have increased implant survivorship after total hip arthroplasty (THA). We utilized data from the National Joint Registry for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man (NJR) to analyze implant survivorship after THAs with uncemented acetabular components with different bearing combinations.

Methods:
Polyethylene (PE) manufacturing properties supplied by the manufacturers were used to subdivide the NJR data set into cross-linked PE (XLPE) and conventional PE groups. Overall and cause-specific revisions for various bearing combinations were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression survival analyses.

Results:
Of 420,339 primary THAs, 8,025 were revised during an average follow-up period of 4.4 years (maximum, 13.3 years). In the Cox regression model with metal on conventional PE as the reference, the lowest risk of revision for any reason was for ceramicized metal on XLPE (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48, 0.71), followed by ceramic on XLPE (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.60, 0.72), ceramic on PE (HR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.66, 0.82), ceramic on ceramic (HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.72, 0.82), and metal on XLPE (HR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.76, 0.87). A similar pattern was observed when patients under the age of 55 years were analyzed independently. Younger age, male sex, and cementless stem fixation were associated with a higher risk of revision.

Conclusions:
In a fully adjusted model, ceramicized metal on XLPE and ceramic on XLPE were associated with the lowest risk of revision for any reason. This finding was sustained when patients under the age of 55 years were analyzed independently. On the basis of the NJR data set, use of XLPE markedly reduces the risk of revision.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Ensuring Business Continuity of Musculoskeletal Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Liow Ming Han Lincoln , Tay Kenny Xian Khing , Yeo Nicholas Eng Meng , Tay Darren Keng Jin , Goh Seo Kiat , Koh Joyce Suang Bee , Howe Tet Sen , Tan Andrew Hwee Chye 
Published: May 2020

Abstract:
On February 8, 2020, Singapore raised its Disease Outbreak Response System Condition (DORSCON) level to Orange, indicating that coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) was a severe disease with high human transmissibility. Using lessons learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, the orthopaedic surgery department at Singapore General Hospital, a tertiary-level referral center, was prepared to handle this pandemic through business-continuity planning. The business that we are referring to is the “business” of orthopaedic surgery, encompassing clinical care, education, research, and administration. There is a lack of literature detailing business-continuity plans of surgical departments during pandemics, with new guidelines being developed. A large proportion of orthopaedic work, such as cases of fracture and infection, cannot be postponed. Even elective surgeries cannot be postponed indefinitely as it could result in detriment to the quality of life of patients. The aim of this article is to detail the business-continuity plans at our institution that allowed the delivery of essential musculoskeletal care through personnel segregation measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Strategies to ensure the provision of timely medical intelligence, the reduction of nonessential ambulatory visits and surgical procedures, ensuring the safety and morale of staff, and continuing education and research efforts were paramount. As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolds, our posture needs to constantly evolve to meet new challenges that may come our way. Our existing business-continuity plan is not perfect and may not be applicable to smaller hospitals. There is conflict between envisioned normalcy, remaining economically viable as an orthopaedic department, and fulfilling training requirements, and educating the next generation of orthopaedic surgeons on the one hand and the need for segregation, workload reduction, virtual education, and social distancing on the other. Orthopaedic surgeons need to strike a balance between business continuity and adopting sustainable precautions against COVID-19. We hope that our experience will aid other orthopaedic surgery departments in adapting to this new norm, protecting their staff and patients, managing staff morale, and allowing the continuation of musculoskeletal care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Experimental Investigation of Water Incompatibility and Rock/Fluid and Fluid/Fluid Interactions in the Absence and Presence of Scale Inhibitors
Authors: Mohammadi Mehdi , Riahi Siavash 
Published: May 2020

SummaryWaterflooding is known as an affordable method to enhance oil recovery after primary depletion. However, the chemical incompatibility between injected water and the water in the reservoir may cause the formation of mineral scales. The most effective method for managing such a problem is to use a variety of scale inhibitors (SIs) along with a waterflooding plan. It is necessary to perform a comprehensive study on the incompatibility scaling issue for the candidate-brine/SI formulations, and also their effect on the reservoir-rock/fluid characteristics. In this study, both in the absence and presence of polymeric, phosphonate, and polyphosphonate SIs, the scaling tendency (ST) of different brines is evaluated through experimental and simulation works. Drop-shape analysis (DSA), environmental-scanning-electronic-microscopy (ESEM) observation, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and microemulsion phase behavior are also used to study the effect of different brine/SI formulations on the rock/fluid and fluid/fluid interactions, through wettability and interfacial-tension (IFT) evaluation. In summary, sulfate (SO42−) was identified as the most problematic ion in the formulation of injected water that causes the formation of solid scales upon mixing with the cation-rich formation water (FW). In the case of SIs, solid precipitation was shifted toward a lower value, with more pronounced effects at higher SI concentrations. At different ionic compositions, the inhibition efficiency (IE%) of all SIs ranged from 16 to 50% at [SI]  = 20 ppm and 38 to 81% at [SI] = 50 ppm. In general, phosphonates worked better (i.e., higher IE value) than polymeric SI. Measuring contact angles along with ESEM/EDX data also illustrated the positive effect of SIs on the wettability alteration of the aged carbonate substrates. In the absence of SIs, the contact angles for different brines were in the range of 70° ≤ θ ≤ 104°, whereas these values fell between 35 and 80° for systems containing 50 ppm of SI. In addition, phase-behavior study and IFT measurement illustrated a salinity-dependence effect of SIs on the interfacial behavior of the oil/water system.