bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Panlongcheng, Zhengzhou and the Movement of Metal in Early Bronze Age China
Authors: Liu Ruiliang , Pollard A. Mark , Rawson Jessica , Tang Xiaojia , Bray Peter , Zhang Changping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe role of Panlongcheng—a walled settlement on the Yangtze River with obvious links to the Erligang capital at Zhengzhou, ~ 500 km to the north—in early Bronze Age China has been the subject of much debate. Panlongcheng is a typical Erligang site (~ 1500–1300 BC), with evidence for people of elite status, unlike any other site apart from Zhengzhou itself. The tombs and bronzes at Panlongcheng, as well as other materials, closely resemble those at Zhengzhou. Why was Panlongcheng established along the Yangtze River, and what were the Erligang elites doing there? Considering the rich copper deposits in this area, it is widely assumed that the major function of Panlongcheng was to ship metal to Zhengzhou, and in return to receive bronze vessels from Zhengzhou. The purpose of this paper is to revisit this discussion through a re-evaluation of the scientific data on the bronzes from each site. A series of differences and similarities in the chemical and isotopic compositions of the metal objects at Panlongcheng and Zhengzhou are identified, suggesting that the relationship was more complex than was previously thought. In this light, despite a close social and presumably political affiliation with Zhengzhou, Panlongcheng appears likely to have had its own metal-casting capability, rather than having to rely completely on finished objects imported from Zhengzhou. This discovery encourages scholars to re-consider the metal supply network and the underlying political landscape in early dynastic China, shifting from a linear model to a complex but probably more realistic one.
Model-Based Geostatistics from a Bayesian Perspective: Investigating Area-to-Point Kriging with Small Data Sets
Authors: Steinbuch Luc , Orton Thomas G. , Brus Dick J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractArea-to-point kriging (ATPK) is a geostatistical method for creating high-resolution raster maps using data of the variable of interest with a much lower resolution. The data set of areal means is often considerably smaller ($$<\,50 $$<50 observations) than data sets conventionally dealt with in geostatistical analyses. In contemporary ATPK methods, uncertainty in the variogram parameters is not accounted for in the prediction; this issue can be overcome by applying ATPK in a Bayesian framework. Commonly in Bayesian statistics, posterior distributions of model parameters and posterior predictive distributions are approximated by Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling from the posterior, which can be computationally expensive. Therefore, a partly analytical solution is implemented in this paper, in order to (i) explore the impact of the prior distribution on predictions and prediction variances, (ii) investigate whether certain aspects of uncertainty can be disregarded, simplifying the necessary computations, and (iii) test the impact of various model misspecifications. Several approaches using simulated data, aggregated real-world point data, and a case study on aggregated crop yields in Burkina Faso are compared. The prior distribution is found to have minimal impact on the disaggregated predictions. In most cases with known short-range behaviour, an approach that disregards uncertainty in the variogram distance parameter gives a reasonable assessment of prediction uncertainty. However, some severe effects of model misspecification in terms of overly conservative or optimistic prediction uncertainties are found, highlighting the importance of model choice or integration into ATPK.
The True Story on Deficiencies After Sleeve Gastrectomy: Results of a Double-Blind RCT
Authors: Heusschen Laura , Schijns Wendy , Ploeger Nadine , Deden Laura N. , Hazebroek Eric J. , Berends Frits J. , Aarts Edo O. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Since a few years, the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has become the most performed bariatric operation worldwide. However, as with all bariatric procedures, SG also leads to vitamin and mineral deficiencies post-operatively and standard multivitamin supplements are probably not sufficient.

Objective
The present study evaluates the effectiveness of a specialized multivitamin supplement for SG patients (WLS Optimum 1.0, FitForMe, Rotterdam, the Netherlands), compared to a standard multivitamin supplement (sMVS).

Design
A double-blind randomized controlled trial was performed. For 12 months, patients in the intervention group received WLS Optimum, containing elevated doses of multiple vitamins and minerals. Patients in the control group were provided with sMVS, containing 100% of the recommended dietary allowance.

Results
In total, 139 patients were available for analysis (WLS Optimum, n = 69; sMVS, n = 70). Intention-to-treat analyses revealed more folic acid deficiencies and higher serum vitamin B1 levels in the WLS Optimum group. Per protocol analyses showed that in patients using WLS Optimum, serum folic acid and vitamin B1 levels were higher, serum PTH levels were lower, and only one patient (2.6%) was anemic compared to 11 patients (17.5%) using a sMVS (p < 0.05 for all). No differences were found in prevalence of deficiencies for iron, vitamin B12, vitamin D, and other vitamins and minerals.

Conclusions
This optimized multivitamin supplement only affected serum levels of folic acid, PTH and vitamin B1, and anemia rates compared to a sMVS. There is a clear need to further optimize multivitamin supplementation for SG patients. Besides, non-compliance with multivitamin supplements remains an important issue that should be dealt with.

Clinical Trial Registry
The study protocol was registered at the clinical trials registry of the National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov; identifier NCT01609387).
Detrusor Underactivity and Underactive Bladder in Women: What Is New?
Authors:   EAU Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Functional Urology Working Group, Osman N. I. , Pang K. H. , Martens F. , Atunes-Lopes T. , Geavlete B. , Husch T. , Tutolo M. , Rahnama’i M. S. , Marcelissen T. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Detrusor underactivity (DU) and its symptom-based correlation, the underactive bladder (UAB), are common problems encountered in urological practice. Whilst DU has been defined for many years, only recently has UAB received a formal definition and there is now accumulating literature based on this condition. In this article, we reviewed the recent literature on the aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of DU/UAB in women.

Recent Findings
Detrusor underactivity is diagnosed on urodynamic studies but there still remains a lack of widely recognised and accepted diagnostic criteria. Commencing treatment based on the diagnosis of UAB, with or without a PVR measurement, is perhaps feasible due to the lower occurrence of BOO in women and specific clinical features that may distinguish this group. Prospective studies attempting to correlate UAB with the underlying DU are needed before this approach could be considered.

Summary
Detrusor underactivity/UAB in women requires a separate consideration from men due to the anatomical and functional differences in the lower urinary tracts between both genders and consequent differences in pathologies affecting them. The aetiology of DU remains largely unknown, but is probably multifactorial, including myogenic, neurogenic and vasculogenic factors. There remains a lack of any simple effective drug treatments, whilst apart from sacral neuromodulation for the specific subgroup with non-obstructive urinary retention, no safe and effective surgical treatment is currently available. Often, permanent or intermittent bladder drainage with a catheter is the final solution.
Thiazolidinediones: the Forgotten Diabetes Medications
Authors: Lebovitz Harold E. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are the only pharmacologic agents that specifically treat insulin resistance. The beneficial effects of TZDs on the cardiovascular risk factors associated with insulin resistance have been well documented. TZD use has been limited because of concern about safety issues and side effects.

Recent Findings
Recent studies indicate that cardiovascular toxicity with rosiglitazone and increase in bladder cancer with pioglitazone are no longer significant issues. There are new data which show that pioglitazone treatment reduces myocardial infarctions and ischemic strokes. New data concerning TZD-mediated edema, congestive heart failure, and bone fractures improves the clinician’s ability to select patients that will have minimal significant side effects.

Summary
Thiazolidinediones are now generic and less costly than pharmaceutical company–promoted therapies. Better understanding of the side effects coupled with clear benefits on the components of the insulin resistance syndrome should promote TZD use in treating patients with type 2 diabetes.
Maternal mortality due to cardiovascular disease in the Netherlands: a 21-year experience
Authors:   Dutch Maternal Mortality and Morbidity Committee, Lameijer H. , Schutte J. M. , Schuitemaker N. W. E. , van Roosmalen J. J. M. , Pieper P. G. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective
Cardiovascular disorders are the leading cause of indirect maternal mortality in Europe. The aim of this study is to present an extensive overview concerning the specific cardiovascular causes of maternal death and to identify avoidable contributing care factors related to these deaths.

Methods
We assessed all cases of maternal death due to cardiovascular disorders collected by a systematic national confidential enquiry of maternal deaths published by the Dutch Maternal Mortality and Morbidity Committee on behalf of the Netherlands Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology over a 21-year period (1993–2013) in the Netherlands.

Results
There were 96 maternal cardiovascular deaths (maternal mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases 2.4/100,000 liveborn children). Causes were aortic dissection (n = 20, 21%), ischaemic heart disease (n = 17, 18%), cardiomyopathies (including peripartum cardiomyopathy and myocarditis, n = 20, 21%) and (unexplained) sudden death (n = 27, 28%). Fifty-five percent of the deaths occurred postpartum (n = 55, 55%). Care factors that may have contributed to the adverse outcome were identified in 27 cases (28%). These factors were patient-related in 40% (pregnancy against medical advice, underestimation of symptoms) and healthcare-provider-related in 60% (symptoms not recognised, delay in diagnosis, delay in referral).

Conclusion
The maternal cardiovascular mortality ratio is low in the Netherlands and the main causes of maternal cardiovascular mortality are in line with other European reports. In a minority of cases, care factors that were possibly preventable were identified. Women with cardiovascular disease should be properly counselled about the risks of pregnancy and the symptoms of complications. Education of care providers regarding the incidence, presentation and diagnosis of cardiovascular disease during pregnancy is recommended.
Biological age estimation using an eHealth system based on wearable sensors
Authors: Pierleoni Paola , Belli Alberto , Concetti Roberto , Palma Lorenzo , Pinti Federica , Raggiunto Sara , Sabbatini Luisiana , Valenti Simone , Monteriù Andrea 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe rapid worldwide aging makes necessary the development of advanced technologies for the objective identification of diseases and disabilities onset. Accordingly, we need to regard the biological age as an alternative and more reliable indicator of the physiological decline of individuals, respect to the simple chronological age. In this paper, we present an eHealth system for estimate the biological age of elderly people starting from the assessment of the frailty phenotype. The frailty phenotype evaluation is made possible using a standard protocol for data acquisition and a cloud application for processing and storing data. The proposed eHealth system is also equipped with wireless, small and non-invasive wearable sensors for an objective evaluation of the mobility of a subject. The eHealth system is tested on a reference population in order to have an amount of data necessary for defining a model to estimate the biological age. The use of the presented system on a reference population, and the availability of data regarding their mobility, allow the validation of the proposed model for the computation of the biological age via simple and objective frailty phenotype assessment.
Seismic reflection pattern and attribute analysis as a tool for defining reservoir architecture in ‘SABALO’ field, deepwater Niger Delta
Authors: Fashagba Imoleayo , Enikanselu Pius , Lanisa Ademola , Matthew Olabode 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn accurate definition of environment of sediment deposition is a sine qua non for characterizing and providing measures for enhancing hydrocarbon reservoirs. Consequently, this study is aimed at determining the sub-environment of deposition and architecture of two reservoirs: S1000 and S2000 reservoirs, in ‘SABALO’ field, deep offshore Niger Delta. In addition, the study is imperative in order to assess reservoir properties such as: geometry, connectivity and continuity, which are important for exploration and reservoir management. In this study, we integrated well logs from six (6) wells and 3D-seismic data (near and far angle stack) for seismic stratigraphic studies. Four major seismic sequences with their corresponding facies units were recognized by analysis of reflection terminations, seismic parameters and external geometry. The reservoirs of interest are within the seismic sequence one containing facies units: SF1A and SF1B. Both reservoirs were delineated to be structurally and stratigraphically controlled. This implies a combinational trapping system at the reservoir level. Also, hydrocarbons in the reservoir were confirmed to be down to reservoir base. Integrated study of the seismic and well logs shows that the two identified reservoirs, S1000 and S2000, were defined to be weakly confined channel complex with an area of 50 km2 and 78 km2, respectively. Their connectivity was defined to be loosely amalgamated and highly amalgamated, respectively. The results of this paper are essential to develop the reservoirs by utilizing the information of their geometry, connectivity and continuity.
What Do Students Perceive as Ethical Problems? A Comparative Study of Dutch and Indonesian Medical Students in Clinical Training
Authors: Muhaimin Amalia , Willems Derk Ludolf , Utarini Adi , Hoogsteyns Maartje 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrevious studies show that medical students in clinical training face ethical problems that are not often discussed in the literature. In order to make teaching timely and relevant for them, it is important to understand what medical students perceive as ethical problems, as various factors may influence their perception, including cultural differences and working environment. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore students’ perceptions of what an ethical problem is, during their clinical training in the hospital, and compare the results from two different countries. We observed a total of eighteen ethics group discussions and interviewed fifteen medical students at two medical schools, in Indonesia and the Netherlands. Data were interpreted and analyzed using content analysis. We found that students in both settings encounter problems which are closer to their daily work and responsibilities as medical students and perceive these problems as ethical problems. Indonesian students perceived substandard care and inequity in healthcare as ethical problems, while Dutch students perceived that cases which are not matters of life and death are less worthy to discuss. Our study suggests that there might be a gap between ethical problems that are discussed in class with teachers, and problems that students actually encounter in practice. Teachers should be aware of the everyday situations in clinical training which may be perceived by students as ethically problematic and should acknowledge and discuss these ethical problems with students as part of the learning processes in ethics education.
Assessing parental awareness and attitudes toward leaving children unattended inside locked cars and the risk of vehicular heat strokes
Authors: Alowirdi Fatimah S. , Al-harbi Shaikhah A. , Abid Omer , Aldibasi Omar S. , Jamil Syed F. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Vehicular heat stroke is considered as one of the preventable causes of non-crash, vehicle- related deaths among children. The prevalence of parents and caregivers leaving children unattended in enclosed vehicles is non-negligible.

Objective:
This paper aims to assess parents' knowledge and beliefs about vehicular heat strokes among children in addition to the prevalence and associated factors of leaving children inside locked cars.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out at King Abdullah Specialist Children's Hospital in Riyadh. Two hundred nine parents completed a self-administered questionnaire addressing vehicular heat strokes.

Results:
Among the participants, 24.88% have left at least one of their children unattended inside locked cars during a sunny day; 78.85% of parents have heard about accidental deaths secondary to leaving children in locked vehicles. When assessing parental knowledge of increased sensitivity to heat in in- fants/children, 81.34% of them knew the correct information. Older age (P = .0150), less paternal education (P = .0157), and increased number of children (P = .0020) were associated with increased incidences of leaving children unattended in enclosed cars.

Conclusion:
Considering the high temperatures in the Gulf region, the prevalence of vehicular heat stroke secondary to locking children inside vehicles is nontrivial. Awareness programs for parents and caregivers are strongly encouraged.
Ontario Pension Policy Making and the Politics of CPP Reform, 1963–2016
Authors: Christensen Benjamin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAfter years of pension policy drift in a broader context of global austerity, the Canada Pension Plan (CPP) was enhanced for the first time in 2016 to expand benefits for Canadian workers. This article examines Ontario's central role in these reforms. The deteriorating condition of workplace plans, coupled with rising retirement income insecurity across the province's labour force, generated new sources of negative feedback at the provincial level, fuelling Ontario's campaign for CPP reform beginning in the late 2000s. The political limits of policy drift and layering at the provincial level is considered in relationship to policy making at the national level. As shown, a new period of pension politics emerged in Canada after 2009, in which the historical legacy of CPP's joint governance structure led to a dynamic of “collusive benchmarking,” shaped in large part by political efforts of the Ontario government, leading to CPP enhancement.
Effects of nasal lavage with and without mupirocin after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: a randomised, controlled study
Authors: Ng B H K , Tang I P , Narayanan P , Raman R , Carrau R L 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundNasal lavage with mupirocin has the potential to reduce sinonasal morbidity in endoscopic endonasal approaches for skull base surgery.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of nasal lavage with and without mupirocin after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery.MethodsA pilot randomised, controlled trial was conducted on 20 adult patients who had undergone endoscopic endonasal approaches for skull base lesions. These patients were randomly assigned to cohorts using nasal lavages with mupirocin or without mupirocin. Patients were assessed in the out-patient clinic, one week and one month after surgery, using the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test questionnaire and nasal endoscopy.ResultsPatients in the mupirocin nasal lavage group had lower nasal endoscopy scores post-operatively, and a statistically significant larger difference in nasal endoscopy scores at one month compared to one week. The mupirocin nasal lavage group also showed better Sino-Nasal Outcome Test scores at one month compared to the group without mupirocin.ConclusionNasal lavage with mupirocin seems to yield better outcomes regarding patients’ symptoms and endoscopic findings.
Right-Wing Moderation, Left-Wing Inertia and Political Cartelisation in Post-Transition Chile
Authors: Madariaga Aldo , Rovira Kaltwasser Cristóbal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBy examining the Manifesto Project data for post-transition Chile, we show growing convergence in the electoral competition strategies between the centre-left and centre-right coalitions. While the former is characterised by inertia, the latter is marked by gradual yet relentless programmatic moderation. To interpret these results, we rely not only on theories of salience and party adaptation, but also on the cartel party thesis. This contribution reinforces the findings of increasing literature on post-transition Chile that reveals growing collusion between the mainstream left-wing and right-wing coalitions, which have increasing difficulties channelling demands emanating from below and therefore providing adequate political representation.
Terms of empowerment: of conservation or communities?
Authors: Petriello Michael A. , Redmore Lauren , Sène-Harper Aby , Katju Dhananjaya 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this era of socially-oriented biodiversity conservation and resource management, practitioners and scholars all too often invoke unclear and imprecise claims of empowerment to describe changing relations between people and resources. Empowerment is an important indicator of conservation success and social transformation. Yet, when scholars and practitioners fail to adequately conceptualize empowerment, they run the risk of undermining the importance of local involvement and capacity building to achieve biodiversity conservation. Here we explore the many ways empowerment has been conceptualized in conservation. We root our commentary in the history of the use of empowerment in conservation from these diverse perspectives. We then present examples of different meanings, measurements and outcomes ascribed to empowerment. We conclude with suggestions for harnessing empowerment for the benefit of conservationists and communities alike. Because empowerment has the potential to improve resource management outcomes and local livelihoods, we recommend building an adaptive empowerment assessment framework to assist with its deployment where it is most needed. Although empowerment goals in conservation can guide practitioners and scholars to engage with communities in transparent, meaningful and lasting ways, conservation needs a critical approach that builds from an appreciation of the nuances underlying the purpose and power of empowerment for conservation.