bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O Impacto de Vizinhança no Contexto do Planejamento Urbano
Authors: Aguiar Luiz Antonio Furtado , Miranda Elis De Araújo 
Published: October 2019

O estudo do impacto de vizinhança se constitui em um instrumento de gestão urbana de ordem preventiva, prevista no Estatuto da Cidade (Lei 10.257, de 10 de julho de 2001). Tem por objetivo orientar medidas para a preservação do meio urbano situado em uma área que virá a receber um novo empreendimento. Objetivamos neste trabalho situar esses estudos de impacto de vizinhança no contexto maior que é o das políticas de planejamento urbano e assim compreender suas reais necessidades e às quais demandas esse instrumento visa atender, buscando realizar uma reconstituição do Instrumento de Impacto de Vizinhança, seus antecedentes e aplicabilidade.
Cidades Universitárias, Cidades Médias, Cidades Pequenas: Análises Sobre o Processo de Instalação de Novos Campi Universitários
Authors: Baumgartner Wendel Henrique 
Published: October 2019

A última década marca um período de grande expansão das universidades públicas federais em direção às cidades médias e pequenas do Brasil. Para além do significativo impacto no acesso ao ensino superior, os resultados da expansão são visíveis no espaço intraurbano em razão do forte impacto econômico, político e cultural trazido pelos campi. Tanto em áreas economicamente estagnadas quanto naquelas de forte dinamismo industrial ou do agronegócio, esses novos campi visam também ao desenvolvimento urbano e regional, a partir de aspectos ligados ao que se pode configurar como economia do conhecimento ou economia criativa. Neste texto, buscamos analisar, dentre várias possibilidades, as relações entre as universidades e as cidades médias e pequenas, tanto no ponto vista teórico quanto empírico, bem como apresentar alguns resultados de pesquisas realizadas na Bahia.
Os Sentidos da Urbanização: Produção do Espaço de Bairros de Trabalhadores em Cidades do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: Boechat Cássio Arruda , Giavarotti Daniel Manzione 
Published: October 2019

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de interpretação do processo histórico de constituição de bairros de trabalhadores em cidades do estado de São Paulo até seu momento atual. Primeiramente tomamos como ponto de partida o sistema de colonato implementado na cafeicultura e a produção do espaço articulada à expansão das fazendas, bem como a constituição de núcleos coloniais na província de São Paulo, como momentos contraditórios de sua metropolização. Num segundo momento discutimos a paulatina identificação produzida entre as periferias das cidades do interior com as periferias da metrópole paulistana, a partir da dissolução do sistema de colonato e da tendência à homogeneização das relações de produção dos capitais urbano-industriais e aquelas do complexo agroindustrial. Por fim, sugerimos a relativa semelhança nas condições de reprodução dos trabalhadores moradores das periferias de São Paulo e das cidades do interior a partir de uma ponderação sobre a crise do trabalho e a urbanização crítica.
The Impact of Recent Generic Drug Price Policies on Pharmaceutical Innovation: A Theoretical Rationale and Proposal of a Method Supporting Innovation in Areas of Unmet Medical Need
Authors: Dionne Pierre-Alexandre , Ali Farzad , Grobler Mendel 
Published: October 2019

New discoveries are a critical priority for the pharmaceutical industry. However, the use of fixed incremental cost-effectiveness (ICER) thresholds for health technology assessment (HTA) may compromise incentives to innovate and affect future treatment options. This paper highlights the impact of generic drug price policies on pharmaceutical innovation in the context of fixed ICER thresholds and proposes a new consideration for the cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). There is a direct causal relationship between HTA and the market price of a drug; in jurisdictions where HTA agencies apply fixed ICER thresholds as an important reimbursement listing criterion, the incremental cost of a new drug is expected to be proportional to its incremental benefit over the comparator. However, the comparator price is subject to market forces or sudden policies and may change markedly affecting the cost-effectiveness assessment (e.g. where the comparator patent has expired). Since recent generic price regulations increased the price gap between drugs’ generic and patented versions, it is harder to achieve a sufficient level of incremental benefits in order to offset incremental prices of new treatments. Consequently, even promising drugs may have challenges to show attractive ICERs and research and development (R&amp;D) investments may become unattractive in certain disease area. In order to promote innovation in therapeutic fields with unmet medical needs, a compromise would be to include the comparator’s patented price in the CEA instead of the generic drug. By identifying the relevant disease areas, decision makers and HTA authorities could therefore convey the importance of investing in these therapeutic areas to manufacturers.
ANALYSIS OF INA-CBG’S FARE AND GOVERNOR REGULATION FAREON SURGERY AT INPATIENT ROOM OF UNDATA REGIONAL PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN PALU
Authors: Napirah Muhammad Ryman , Nurul Rasyika , Anggraeni Riru Dwi 
Published: October 2019

Aim: In order to determine the fares of surgery, there are two types of fares used by hospitals namely Indonesian Case Based Groups fare (INA-CBG s) and Governor Regulation fare. This study aimed to identify and analyze both types of fares in orthopedic surgery, general, eyes, midwifery, mouth, ENT, urology at inpatient room of Undata Regional Public Hospital in Palu during year 2014.Method: This was a quantitative study with descriptive approach with 46 cases as the number of surgery. Data were collected through observation and analysis of secondary data were gotten from medical record, pharmaceutical installation of IBS/IDR, inpatient therapy room (Matahari, Aster, and Teratai pavilions) and cashier of inpatient room in form of cost details and patient data from January to December 2014. Data Presentation was formed on tables, where the existing fares are grouped based on the component of each cost then summed and calculated the deviation between the two types of fares.Results: This study indicated that orthopedic surgery with deviation of Rp 11.311.365, general surgery with deviation of Rp 6.438.409, eyes surgery with deviation of Rp 45.173.741, midwifery surgery with deviation of Rp 6.645.765, oral surgery with deviation of Rp 6.105.659, and urological surgery with deviation of Rp. 3.809.959.Conclusion: It can be concluded that INA-CBG's fares are higher than Governor Regulation fares except orthopedic surgery, where the Governor Regulation faresare higher than INA-CBG’s fares. Key Words :INA-CBG’s Fares, Governor Regulation Fares,Surgery
Applying Spatial Analysis Tools in Public Health: The Use of AERMOD in Modeling the Emission Dispersion of SO2 and NO2 to Identify Exposed Area to Health Risks
Authors: Jayadipraja Erwin Azizi , Daud Anwar , Assegaf Alimuddin Hamzah , Maming Maming 
Published: October 2019

Background: The cement industry is one of the main contributors of pollutant gasses in the environment through stack emissions.Aim: This study aims to model the dispersion of SO2 and NO2 gasses and to determine the area of the dispersion by American Meteorological Society – Environmental Protection Agency Regulation Model or AERMOD has been utilized by PT. Semen Tonasa (Tonasa Cement, Ltd.).Methods: Meteorological data from AERMENT was collected from reanalysis of MM5 data. While topographical data was extracted from SRTM30 satellite data. The model was carried out for a year, to cover both the dry and rainy season.Results: The result of the modeling showed that the peak value of the concentration of SO2 and NO2 pollutants for one hour are 135 μg/m3 and 160 μg/m3 respectively (quality standards of SO2 and NO2 are 900 μg/Nm3 and 400 μg/Nm3). The area of dispersion tends to be in the eastern area, such as District Minasatene (Sub-district Bontoa, Kalabbirang, Minasatene dan Biraeng), District Bungoro (Sub-district Biringere, Sapanang, Mangilu, Bulu Tellue) and District Labakkang (Sub-district Taraweang). Key words: Spatial analysis, AERMOD, AERMOD, cement factory, exposed area, SO2 and NO2
INCIDENCE OF STUNTING AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH FOOD INTAKE, INFECTIOUS DISEASES, AND ECONOMIC STATUS IN KENDARI, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI, INDONESIA
Authors: Akhmad Akhmad , Yadi Sahmad , Farma Ikhwana 
Published: October 2019

Background: Stunting is characterized by inhibition of growth in children that lead to failure in getting normal heights and healthy child's age. It is a public health problem in the working area of Public Health Center of Mata, Kelurahan Mangga Dua in Kendari in 2016.Objective: This study aims to examine the relationship between food intake, infectious diseases, economic status and the incidence of stunting in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, IndonesiaMethods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study with retrospective approach. This research was conducted in Public Health Center of Mata. There were 41 respondents were selected as the samples. Data were collected by questionnaires, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test. Results: The results showed that there were significant associations between food intake (p= 0.001), infectious diseases (p= 0.000), economic status (p= 0.000), and the incidence of stunting in infants.Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is a relationship between food intake, infectious diseases and economic status with the incidence of stunting in children aged 2-4 years in the working area of Public Health Center of Mata, Kendari. Therefore, good food intake is needed for the growth and development of the child. Moreover, changing the behavior of parents by doing the healthy and clean behavior in the household to prevent infectious diseases in children infectious diseases is also very important. Economic status however also plays key role in the incidence of stunting in children.
EPIDEMIOLOGY FORECASTING ANALYSIS OF DENGUE HAEMORRAGHIC FEVER WITH SEASONAL AUTOREGRESSIVE INTEGRATED MOVING AVERAGE IN TROPICAL AREA
Authors: Siswanto Siswanto , Risva Risva , Marliana Nana 
Published: October 2019

Background: Health problems that often occur in tropical countries are infectious diseases, one of which often causes outbreaks was Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). This disease often causes problems especially in endemic areas and even outbreaks that occur with death from sufferers.Objectives: To forecasting of the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in the working area of the Puskesmas Temindung. Methods: This was analytical descriptive research with forecasting design using secondary data and primary from informant who understand the problem. Forecasting using SARIMA method (Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average).Results: The results showed that the total of DHF cases in Temindung Health Center could be predicted by the SARIMA (1,1,1) (1,0,0) model with means square error (MSE) of 0.001394688 forecasting results obtained from October 2018 to September 2019 cases, which tend to fluctuate but illustrates an increase in cases of DHF compared to the previous year's data. Conclusion: Forecast of the DHF is for the next 12 months starting from October 2018 as many as 7 cases, in November 4 cases, in December 4 cases; then starting in January 2019 as many as 3 cases, February 2 cases, March 3 cases, April 3 cases, May 3 cases, June 4 cases, July 3 cases, August 3 cases and September 3 cases with a total number of 42. Forecasting results show dengue cases tend to fluctuate every month but have increased cases from the previous year.
Vapor Drainage in the Protolunar Disk as the Cause for the Depletion in Volatile Elements of the Moon
Authors: Nie Nicole X. , Dauphas Nicolas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Lunar rocks are severely depleted in moderately volatile elements (MVEs) such as Rb, K, and Zn relative to Earth. Identifying the cause of this depletion is important for understanding how the Earth–Moon system evolved in the aftermath of the Moon-forming giant impact. We measured the Rb isotopic compositions of lunar and terrestrial rocks to understand why MVEs are depleted in the Moon. Combining our new measurements with previous data reveals that the Moon has an 87Rb/85Rb ratio higher than Earth by +0.16 ± 0.04‰. This isotopic composition is consistent with evaporation of Rb into a vapor medium that was ∼99% saturated. Evaporation under this saturation can also explain the previously documented isotopic fractionations of K, Ga, Cu, and Zn of lunar rocks relative to Earth. We show that a possible setting for achieving the same saturation upon evaporation of elements with such diverse volatilities is through viscous drainage of a partially vaporized protolunar disk onto Earth. In the framework of an α-disk model, the α-viscosity needed to explain the ∼99% saturation calculated here is 10−3–10−2, which is consistent with a vapor disk where viscosity is controlled by magnetorotational instability.
An Improved Treatment of Neutral Sheet Drift in the Inner Heliosphere
Authors: Engelbrecht N. Eugene , Mohlolo S. T. , Ferreira S. E. S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Drifts due to the curvature and gradients in the heliospheric magnetic field, as well as along the heliospheric current sheet, have long been known to play a significant role in the transport of galactic cosmic rays. Recently, there has been greater interest in the role these drifts play in the transport of solar energetic particles. This study proposes an approach to modeling particle drift velocities in particle transport codes that, while being relatively simple to implement and computationally inexpensive, also models drift effects accurately across a broader range of energies than previous approaches.
Parallel-propagating Fluctuations at Proton-kinetic Scales in the Solar Wind Are Dominated By Kinetic Instabilities
Authors: Woodham Lloyd D. , Wicks Robert T. , Verscharen Daniel , Owen Christopher J. , Maruca Bennett A. , Alterman Benjamin L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We use magnetic helicity to characterize solar wind fluctuations at proton-kinetic scales from Wind observations. For the first time, we separate the contributions to helicity from fluctuations propagating at angles quasi-parallel and oblique to the local mean magnetic field,

. We find that the helicity of quasi-parallel fluctuations is consistent with Alfvén-ion cyclotron and fast magnetosonic-whistler modes driven by proton temperature anisotropy instabilities and the presence of a relative drift between α-particles and protons. We also find that the helicity of oblique fluctuations has little dependence on proton temperature anisotropy and is consistent with fluctuations from the anisotropic turbulent cascade. Our results show that parallel-propagating fluctuations at proton-kinetic scales in the solar wind are dominated by proton temperature anisotropy instabilities and not the turbulent cascade. We also provide evidence that the behavior of fluctuations at these scales is independent of the origin and macroscopic properties of the solar wind.
Nearly all Massive Quiescent Disk Galaxies Have a Surprisingly Large Atomic Gas Reservoir
Authors: Zhang Chengpeng , Peng Yingjie , Ho Luis C. , Maiolino Roberto , Dekel Avishai , Guo Qi , Mannucci Filippo , Li Di , Yuan Feng , Renzini Alvio , Dou Jing , Guo Kexin , Man Zhongyi , Li Qiong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The massive galaxy population above the characteristic Schechter mass M
* ≈ 1010.6

contributes to about half of the total stellar mass in the local universe. These massive galaxies usually reside in hot dark matter halos above the critical shock-heating mass ∼1012

, where the external cold gas supply to these galaxies is expected to be suppressed. When galaxies run out of their cold gas reservoir, they become dead and quiescent. Therefore, massive quiescent galaxies living in hot halos are commonly believed to be gas-poor. Based on the data from SDSS, ALFALFA, GASS, and COLD GASS surveys, here we show that the vast majority of the massive, quiescent, central disk galaxies in the nearby universe have a remarkably large amount of cold atomic hydrogen gas, surprisingly similar to star-forming galaxies. Both star-forming and quiescent disk galaxies show identical symmetric double-horn H i spectra, indicating similar regularly rotating H i disks. Relative to their star-forming counterparts, massive quiescent central disk galaxies are quenched because of their significantly reduced molecular gas content, lower dust content, and lower star formation efficiency. Our findings reveal a new picture, which clearly demonstrates the detailed star formation quenching process in massive galaxies and provides a stringent constraint on the physical mechanism of quenching.
Biota from the coastal wetlands of Praia da Vitória (Terceira, Azores, Portugal): Part 4 – Vascular plants
Authors: Elias Rui , Brito Mariana , Pimentel César , Nogueira Elisabete , Borges Paulo 
Published: October 2019

The data presented here come from field observations, carried out between 2014 and 2017, as part of a LIFE research project aiming to preserve and restore three coastal wetlands of Praia da Vitória (Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal) (LIFE-CWR). A total of 23 vascular plant species surveys were carried out in three sites: one for each semester in Paul da Praia da Vitória (PPV) and Paul da Pedreira do Cabo da Praia (PPCP); one for each semester (except in 2014) in Paul do Belo Jardim (PBJ). The main objectives were to determine the plant richness of the three sites and to monitor yearly variation on species composition.
A total of 107 taxa, belonging to 50 families, were observed, many of which are new records for the area, especially in PBJ and PPCP, where 78 and 92% of species records were new. A few very rare species in the Azores were recorded in these coastal wetlands, namely Lotus creticus, Bolboschoenus maritimus, Juncus maritimus and Polygonum maritimum.
Congenital Cataract: Management and Results
Authors: Jain I S , Pillai P , Gangwar D N , Gopal L , Dhir S P 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The visual outcome in cases of congenital cataract, managed both surgically and conservatively, is outlined. Final vision was better in cases with partial cataract, about 40'/f of whom attained 6/24 or better vision. With total cataracts, none could achieve this level of vision, with the majority (84'-i I attaining only 6/60 or less acuity Visual results were also better in patients without nystagmus, 34f¿ of whom attained 6/24 or better vision, while in cases with nystagmus, only 15'^ could come up to this level. Cataracts necessitating early surgery had a worse prognosis than cataracts necessitating late surgery. Visual results were best in cases with bilateral cataracts, partial cataracts, absence of associated ocular anomalies, the absence of nystagmus and in patients requiring later surgery. The important causes of nonimprovement of vision were amblyopia and after-cataract. Retinal detachment, retinopathy, and degenerative myopia were some of the less frequent causes of poor vision, while mental retardation was another important factor. Full cooperation from the parents is absolutely essential in the proper visual rehabilitation of the handicapped child.
Cutting Edge: TCR Signal Strength Regulates Acetyl-CoA Metabolism via AKT
Authors: Hawse William F. , Cattley Richard T. , Wendell Stacy G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
TCR signaling activates kinases including AKT/mTOR that engage metabolic networks to support the energetic demands of a T cell during an immune response. It is realized that CD4+ T cell subsets have different metabolic requirements. Yet, how TCR signaling is coupled to the regulation of intermediate metabolites and how changes in metabolite flux contribute to T cell differentiation are less established. We find that TCR signaling regulates acetyl-CoA metabolism via AKT in murine CD4+ T cells. Weak TCR signals promote AKT-catalyzed phosphorylation and inhibition of citrate synthase, elevated acetyl-CoA levels, and hyperacetylation of mitochondrial proteins. Genetic knockdown of citrate synthase promotes increased nuclear acetyl-CoA levels, increased histone acetylation at the FOXP3 promotor and induction of FOXP3 transcription. These data identify a circuit between AKT signaling and acetyl-CoA metabolism regulated via TCR signal strength and that transient fluctuations in acetyl-CoA levels function in T cell fate decisions.
Pulmonary nocardiosis associated with Cushing's disease: a case report
Authors: Mylonas Charalampos C. , Gomatou Georgia , Asimakopoulou Athina , Masaoutis Christos , Kyriakopoulos George , Kopelia Maria , Syrigos Konstantinos , Poulakou Garyphallia 
Published: October 2019

Nocardia spp. is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria which can cause cutaneous, pleuropulmonary, or disseminated disease. The latter two forms are encountered in immunocompromised patients, with prolonged usage of corticosteroids being a well-recognized risk factor. However, endogenous Cushing’s syndrome is less frequently associated with nocardiosis. We report on a 40-year-old woman who presented for further workup of abnormal findings in the chest computed tomography (three lung nodules, one of which being cavitary). She underwent trans-thoracic fine-needle lung aspiration of the cavitary nodule, which led to the diagnosis of lung nocardiosis. Moreover, the identification of cushingoid features from the history and clinical examination initiated further investigation with hormonal laboratory assessment and bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling which established the diagnosis of pituitary adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) hypersecretion (Cushing’s disease). We conclude that pulmonary nocardiosis can be an opportunistic infection as well as a presenting manifestation of Cushing's disease.
Antibiotic stewardship initiative in a Medicine unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital in India
Authors: Swamy Anitha , Sood Rita , Kapil Arti , Vikram Naval K. , Ranjan Piyush , Jadon Ranveer Singh , Soneja Manish , Sreenivas V. 
Published: October 2019

Background & objectives:
The models for implementation of antibiotic stewardship programme (ASP) in the acute care settings of developing countries are lacking. In most of the hospitals, patient turnover is high and a proper system for recording antibiotic-related information and tracking hospital-acquired infections is not in place. This pilot study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in north India to assess the feasibility of implementation of an ASP in a Medicine unit and to evaluate the effect of implementation as per the criteria applicable in this set up.

Methods:
A pre-post-quasi-experimental non-randomized study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, current practices in the Medicine wards were observed. In the second phase, the ASP was implemented in a single Medicine unit, along with prospective audit and feedback, tracking of the process, as well as outcome measures. Patient risk stratification, blood culture on day one, day 3 bundle, dose optimization, de-escalation and intravenous to oral conversion of antibiotics were the key elements focused upon.

Results:
There was a significant improvement in the appropriateness of antibiotic prescription (66 vs. 86%, P<0.001) and reduction in the mean number of antibiotics used per person (4.41 vs. 3.86, P<0.05) along with decrease in the duration of hospital stay (17 vs. 14 days, P<0.05). There was a significant improvement in sending of blood cultures on day one during the stewardship phase (P<0.001).

Interpretation & conclusions:
The ASP approach used in our pilot study may be feasible and beneficial. However, it needs further confirmation in other settings and on a large scale.