bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical students’ involvement in health policy: current focus and trend
Authors: Kaymaz K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
European Medical Students’ Association (EMSA) and International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations (IFMSA) are two leading student organizations advocating for better health in Europe and the World. How student organizations support global public health policy and particularly which topics students place greater emphasis on are not documented, although it is crucial to understand their involvement and areas of interest.

Methods
Data on the valid policy documents of the last three years until April 2019 were retrieved from the official websites of EMSA and IFMSA. These documents were categorized using abstract submission tracks of the 12th European Public Health Conference.

Results
Twenty-nine policy documents were retrieved, ten of which were from EMSA and 19 from IFMSA. Fourteen of all 22 abstract submission tracks (63.6%) were covered by these policy documents. Of all policy documents, 20.7% fell under the track of ’infectious diseases, preparedness and vaccines’. Most commonly advocated topic in policy documents of IFMSA was infectious diseases and vaccines, whereas that of EMSA was healthy living and health promotion.

Conclusions
Medical students often take part in health policy by conveying their perspectives and calling other stakeholders to action via their policy documents. Policy documents of IFMSA were more related to global health challenges such as infectious diseases while special concerns in Europe such as healthy living and health promotion dominated EMSA’s policies. In the near future, more student advocacy work on climate change, noncommunicable diseases and primary health care would be expected in accordance with ’ten threats to global health in 2019’ announced by the World Health Organization.

Key messages
Medical student organizations, EMSA and IFMSA, are important stakeholders in health policy. The focus of their policy documents differs, and this trend is influenced by changing public health challenges in Europe and the World.
Evaluation of the health pathway through the patient-experience in the French program PAERPA
Authors: Donio V , Defebvre M M , Pamart R , Caron B , Delval-Bugny C , Dambre D , Di Martino C , Beuscart J B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The patient-experience is an emerging concept in research and medico-social action, and its consideration in the development of care pathways is encouraged (e.g. ’Ma Santé 2020’ national plan in France). In addition, the patient-experience of the elderly subject has specific dimensions and his collection presents difficulties insufficiently explored. PAERPA (elderly people at risk of loss of autonomy), French national experiment for the care of frail elderly patients, offers an opportunity to return to these issues.
The objective of this study, mandated by the ARS of Hauts-de-France, was to collect the experience of the elderly PAERPA. Faced with the difficulties of current methodologies, several methodological approaches have been combined: semi-structured individual interviews face-to-face or by telephone, dedicated questionnaire. In addition, a specific grid was developed to explore the home-based patient experience, including seven dimensions of the patient-experience identified in the literature. This study was conducted in the second half of 2018 (3 years and a half of the start of the project).
The experience of 43 seniors and / or caregivers was collected. Patients PAERPA are generally satisfied with their care but they have difficulties in making the link between their care and the actors and devices specific to PAEPRA experimentation. Human connection and listening seem essential for the elderly patients included. Other dimensions, such as stakeholder coordination, remain controversial and more difficult to grasp. Methodologically, the particular situation of seniors, such as sensory or memory disorders, requires a major adaptation of the survey tools.
In PAERPA, the patient-experience of the frail elderly subject passes mainly through the feeling of a human connection. Current methodologies do not seem fully adapted to collectively capture the experience of frail elderly patients.

Key messages
Evaluating the patient-experience to improve the health pathway is possible and necessary through a qualitative collection, regularly, in itinere. The peculiarities of older people often require the participation of carers, who need to be involved in the assessment of the patient-experience and raised awareness.
Organized colorectal cancer screening: the participation rate according to the precariousness
Authors: Arlotto S , Le Cozannet E , Rinaldi Y , Gentile S , Heid P , Seitz J F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The National Organized Colorectal Cancer Screening Program (DOCCR) was introduced in 2008. The participation rate in France is much lower than the European recommendations (33.5% versus 45%). There are significant disparities across France.
The objective was to assess whether there are disparities in participation rates within the Bouches-du-Rhône(BdR) department and to study the possible correlation of these geographical areas with their level of precariousness.

Methods
Based on data collected by the ARCADES association (management structure in charge of cancer screening in the BdR region), 325,207 people in 2012 and 489,953 in 2017 were invited to participate in the DOCCR. The participation was analysed in two aspects: participation rate (TP) (test carried out) and participation rate of those who took a test or expressed a justified refusal (TPJ) (personal or family history, other test under 2 years old, colonoscopy under 5 years old). An average precariousness rate was also assessed per municipality based on 2012 INSEE data for the age group concerned.

Results
The TP were 18.9% in 2012 and 14.4% in 2017; the TPJ were 22.8% and 16.4% respectively and differs significantly between the municipalities in the department (p &lt; 0.001). The average precariousness rate observed in our population was 12.3 (±8.2). The TPJ is inversely correlated with the precariousness rate: the higher the latter, the lower the participation rate (R=-0.58 in 2012, R=-0.539 in 2017; p &lt; 0.05). The average participation rate whatever the year is lower for municipalities with a precariousness rate below the median (19.2 ± 2 versus 16.9 ± 3.5 for the year 2017).

Conclusions
Participation rates in 2012 and 2017 are lower than the European recommendations. The participation is significantly related to the average rate of precariousness; the most vulnerable participate less well. Specific actions towards the most vulnerable are to be considered in order to improve adherence to the DOCCR.

Key messages
The participation organized colorectal cancer screening program is significantly related to the average rate of precariousness. Specific actions towards the most precarious are to be considered in order to improve adherence to the DOCCR.
Changes in physical conditions of militars in training: colombian army military school
Authors: Castro-Jimenez L E , Melo-Buitrago P J , Arguello-Gutierrez Y P , Galvez-Pardo A Y , Cortes-Fernandez S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

When beginning the military life, a series of loads of trainings is faced, in addition to supporting the discomforts of climate, fatigue, the change of feeding, schedule, among other factors. Therefore, the objective of the study was to know the changes in the physical condition of the students who begin their military training with military physical training. The investigation was quantitative, longitudinal type. A total of 18 male first-degree engineering cadets from the José María Córdova Military School of Cadets (ESMIC) in Bogotá were evaluated. They were given a pre and post-test of body composition, flexibility, resistance and strength and the training program of the Military school. The findings show that after six months of training the cadets increased body weight (64.6 vs. 65.2) in 0.55 (p = 0.002), with a gain of 0.4 kg fat mass (7.9 vs. 8.2g, p = 0.006) and 0.2 kg muscle mass (53.9 vs 54.1g, p = 0.01), in relation to physical abilities there was a decrease in strength in upper limbs (49.4 vs 45.2 p = 0.001) of 4.3 kg and in lower limbs (46.6 vs 43.7, p = 0.000) of 2.9 kg, in terms of aerobic resistance (47.8 vs 48.2)and flexibility (30.8 vs 41.3) there was a slight increase without significant differences. The previous results show possible over-training in the ESMIC cadets; due to the change of habits, specifically physical exercise and lifestyle, leading to an increase in weight, in greater quantity in the fat component and decrease in the physical capacity of strength, which can cause early fatigue, being counterproductive when found in some combat or special situation. This is why a specialized systematic training program is the best option for the optimal development of physical abilities, physical adaptation to the effort and prevention of injuries during the practice.

Key messages
Injury prevention; Military Personnel; Physical Education and Training. Physical Education and Training; Military Personnel; injury prevention.
Recognition and Participation of Colorectal Cancer Screening in Turkey: Meta-analysis of Literature
Authors: Aydoğan S , Metintaş S , Önsüz M F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies about the proportion of recognition of fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy (CS) methods and participation to them in any period of life for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in Turkey.

Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Turkey Citation Index and YOK Thesis Center databases were screened both in Turkish and English language to identify relevant studies and key words ’colorectal cancer’, ’colon cancer’, ’cancer screening’, ’information’, ’attitude’, ’behavior’, ’awareness’ and ’Turkey’ were. Criteria for inclusion in the analysis were; conducted in Turkey, original and cross-sectional, conducted CRC risky groups (having CRC in the first degree patients and 50 and above age), studies that give the number of participants and number of taking FOBT and CS screening in any period of their lives and/or the number of knowing them. The studies that met the criteria were read as double blind. The data were entered into the Open Meta Analyst demo program. Because of p &lt; 0.001 in the heterogeneity test, random effects model was used in group analysis of the articles. The proportion and 95% confidence interval of knowing and taking FOBT and CS were calculated from the total number of cases.

Results
A total of 1176 articles were reached in first review. Duplications and inappropriated studies were eliminated, and 52 studies were selected. Eight studies about recognition FOBT, 16 about participation FOBT, 9 about recognition CS and 17 about participation CS were taken in analysis. After analysis it was found that 1315 of 4334 individuals (19.3%, 95%CI:6.6-32.1) recognized to FOBT, 1174 of 6825 individuals (13.2%, 8.0-18.5) participated to FOBT, 2197 of 5728 individuals (31.7%, 18.2-45.2) recognized to CS and 913 of 8860 individuals (10.0%, 8.1-12.0) participated to CS.

Conclusions
The proportion of recognition and participation to FOBT and CS were found less than expected.

Key messages
The proportion of recognition and participation CRC screening methods is low in risky groups. Awareness and participation of screening should be increased in risky groups.
Examining multi-layer constraints on activity engagement among older adults
Authors: Lee S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Social and cognitive activities motivate the older adults to develop individual aspirations, newfound sources of pleasure, and engagement in later life. The current study aimed to examine a wide range of factors that might impede older adults’ participation in activities, and to provide strategies to manipulate the constraints in the promotion of active ageing.

Methods
We used data drawn from a sample of the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) wave 7.0. The study sample comprised 48,742 European elderly, aged between 65 and 105 years (54% female). Multiple questionnaire items were used to assess various constraints including socio-demographic factors, personality, social supports, health and psychological indicators. Activities included social and cognitive activities and also moderate physical activities. A series of regression analysis was performed to examine the hypothesized relationships between study variables.

Results
Those older adults who reported negative perception of neighborhood environment (p &lt; .001), poor health (p &lt; .001), chronic diseases (p &lt; .001), and frequent loneliness and depression (p &lt; .001) were less likely to participate in social and cognitive activities. Moderate-level of physical activities were strongly related to the health variables (p &lt; .001) and social supports (p &lt; .001). Among the demographic variables, age was highlighted as the most predictable factor for the decreased participation in activities.

Conclusions
In order to promote diverse forms of activities in later life, we should be better-informed about different nature and variability of the constraints among the older adults. Improving accessibility to the activities such as ageing-friendly facilities and home-oriented social service and recreation programs can help older adults more engage in daily activities.

Key messages
Older adults experience varied constraints on social, cognitive and physical activities. Public health should improve accessibility to diverse forms of activities in later life.
Beliefs About Medicines: Differences in cholesterol treatment adherence among the Visegrad countries
Authors: Boruzs K , Fekete Z , Dombrádi V , Bányai G , Nagy A , Horne R , Bíró K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Raised cholesterol is a risk factor for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. New cholesterol guidelines highlight more personalized risk assessments and new cholesterol-lowering drugs for people at the highest risk for cardiovascular disease.

Methods
The aim of our study was to investigate the possible differences in the beliefs about the necessity and concerns regarding lipid-lowering drugs among the Visegrad Group countries. For this the Beliefs About Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ-Specific) was used. The statistical analyses included 235 Czech, 205 Hungarian, 200 Polish, and 200 Slovak respondents, all of who were taking cholesterol lowering drugs.

Results
After comparing the answers of the citizens of the Visegrad Group countries, no statistically significant difference could be found regarding the concerns about the lipid-lowering drugs. However, related to the beliefs in necessity, a significant difference was shown between Poland and Hungary for the benefit of Polish participants. These results suggest, that the citizens of Visegrad Group countries do not differ regarding their beliefs about the fear of the treatment, while the beliefs about benefits are the most emphasized among the Polish citizens and less among the Hungarian citizens.

Conclusions
While policy makers in the Visegrad Group countries can use the same strategy to address the concerns regarding cholesterol lowering medication, the reasons behind the difference in the beliefs in necessity should be further investigated in order to implement country specific interventions.
The research was funded by the GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00005 project which is co-financed by
the European Union under the European Regional Development Fund.

Key messages
No differences exist regarding the concerns for cholesterol lowering medication among the Visegrad Group countries. Concerning necessity significant differences were observed among the same countries, which prompts further research questions.
Relationship between perception of emotional home atmosphere and fruit and vegetable consumption
Authors: Hunsberger M , Elsayed H A G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
Consumption of fruits and vegetables (FV) among adolescents falls below recommendations in many Western countries. The impact of socio and emotional aspects of family life on adolescent dietary behavior may contribute to this, yet remains under-investigated. This study examines the association between adolescents’ perceptions of emotional home atmosphere (EHA) and their FV consumption frequency.

Design
A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess FV consumption frequency. EHA was assessed by an eight item measure with three subscales: perceived home warmth, strictness and relational tension. EHA subscales were used as binary variables: a score equal to or above the median value was considered as a higher perception while a score below the median was considered as a lower perception of the EHA in question. Country differences in meeting the European 5/day recommendations are described. Further, the association between EHA and FV consumption frequency is investigated using multiple linear regression.
Setting: Regional examination centers in eight European countries.
Subjects: 3196 adolescents aged 12-18 years.

Results
The mean FV consumption frequency was 3.27(SD = 2.84) times/day. Only 16.1% of boys and 18% of girls in our study sample met the recommendation of 5 times/day. After controlling for age, sex, education level of the parents and country of origin, perceived home warmth was associated with a 16% higher FV consumption frequency (P &lt; 0.001; 95% CI 9- 22).

Conclusions
FV consumption frequency was suboptimal in the survey areas. Interventions targeting perceived warmth as a component of EHA could potentially have a positive effect on adolescents’ dietary behavior.

Key messages
The home atmosphere may be an important driver of fruit and vegetable consumption. Fruit and vegetable consumption is often suboptimal and efforts should be made to target adolescent consumption behaviors.
Developing a regional strategy to disseminate physical activity promotion in childcare centers
Authors: Müller M , Hassel H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Despite increasing efforts to promote physical activity (PA) in childcare centers, compliance with PA guidelines remains low. QueB is an intervention to promote children’s and teachers’ capabilities for PA. In QueB1 (2015-2018) a significant increase in children’s and teachers’ PA (steps/hour) in 12 childcare centers in Germany was achieved. The aim of QueB2 (2018-2021) is to establish strategies to disseminate the intervention in one region and to gain access to hard-to-reach childcare centers.

Methods
A regional system of multipliers is built up in a participatory process. Structured discussions with stakeholders (childcare consultants, supervisors) are conducted to find out what role they can play in accessing hard-to-reach childcare centers and what support they need for that. In addition, workshops with teachers from different childcare centers are organized to identify their needs and to create a regional peer-to-peer network.

Results
PA plays only a small role in the work of childcare consultants and supervisors. However, they could give a first impulse as they have regular contact to different childcare centers. Therefore, they need a simple assessment tool that helps them identify childcare centers’ need for support and some tailored information material they can share. In addition, the idea of “PA champions” was developed: Teachers from childcare centers that have already taken part in QueB will be qualified as peer-to-peer-counselors and invite other teachers for work shadowing or to join the network.

Conclusions
Strategies to disseminate PA promotion in childcare centers have to involve peers as well as regional multipliers. A simple assessment tool that helps identify childcare centers’ needs and an online toolbox with diverse supporting material for multipliers and childcare centers are developed.

Key messages
QueB2 will result in regional structures that support the PA promotion of childcare centers. The involvement of peers and multipliers is the key to meeting the needs of childcare centers.
Food and lifestyle education at primary and secondary school: an Italian project on health promotion
Authors: Messina D , Tarroni M , Catarsi L , Balestri C , Messina G , Nante N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Nutrition and life styles have a crucial role as health determinants. In particular, an intervention on eating habits and physical activity/inactivity does heavily influence obesity and overweight prevention, alongside associated diseases. Preteen and teenage profile is critical for developing the state of health in adulthood, and it is heavily determined by the sociocultural family background. For this reason, school could become an important actor in health promotion, in the form of coordinated and cross-disciplinary courses about food and behaviors. The aim of the study is to verify the effect of an intervention of food education in several schools.

Methods
This cross-sectional study, originated from the “sCOOL FOOD” project of Monte dei Paschi Foundation of Siena, involves schools of southeastern Tuscany, Italy. The project currently engages various classes from primary and secondary schools in which year-round awareness campaigns are conducted. The activities consist in theory classes and workshops held by professionals or teachers of the school previously trained for the purpose. A same questionnaire was administered to families before and after each campaign, exploring eating habits, lifestyle and biometrics. The data analyzed so far date from October 2017 to May 2018. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed on the distributions of children BMI classes, defined according to IOTF cutoffs, obtained exclusively from participants who submitted both questionnaires.

Results
308 paired records of data were collected as mentioned above. We found that, after the campaign, children BMI classes distribution shift towards reduction was statistically significant (z=-2.053; p &lt; 0.05).

Conclusions
Since the intervention was able to influence a childhood health determinant, it could be an opportunity to compensate those family dynamics that could lead towards health disadvantages in adulthood.

Key messages
A coordinated and cross-disciplinary food and lifestyle year-round education campaign at school can impact on health determinants of children. School can correct unfavorable eating and lifestyle behaviors determined by family habits.