Hubungan asfiksia perinatal dengan gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea
Authors: Primadewi Novi , Pratiwi Dewi , Hayustiningsih Diah 
Published: April 2020

Latar belakang: Bayi baru lahir dengan asfiksia perinatal dapat mengalami gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar pada kokleanya. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan asfiksia perinatal dengan gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea. Metode: Penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain Case control yang dilakukan di bagian perinatologi RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta, RSUD Karanganyar, RSUD Wonogiri, dan RSUD Sukoharjo dengan waktu penelitian pada bulan Oktober 2014 – Januari 2015. Sampel penelitian dipilih dengan cara non probability sampling yaitu dengan teknik consecutive sampling, sebanyak 50 orang yang terdiri dari 25 kelompok kasus dan 25 kelompok kontrol. Diagnosis adanya gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea ditegakkan dari hasil pemeriksaan fisik THT dan pemeriksaan Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE). Asfiksia perinatal dapat dilihat dengan menggunakan skor APGAR, sedangkan faktor risiko yang lain dapat dilihat dari catatan medis pasien. Analisis statistik menggunakan univariat, bivariat, dengan chi square dan multivariat dengan regresi logistik ganda model faktor risiko. Hasil: Dari 25 kelompok kasus dan 25 kelompok kontrol didapatkan hasil bahwa asfiksia perinatal merupakan faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terjadinya gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea. Bayi baru lahir yang mempunyai gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea dengan asfiksia perinatal mempunyai faktor risiko 29 kali lebih besar daripada bayi dengan bayi baru lahir tanpa gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea, setelah mengontrol pengaruh dari faktor perancu hiperbilirubinemia dan berat badan lahir rendah. Hasil tersebut didapatkan bermakana secara statitistik (OR=29,614; CI – 95 % = 5,454 - 160,792; p<0,001). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara asfiksia perinatal dengan gangguan fungsi sel rambut luar koklea. Background: Newborn with perinatal asphyxiae can occur disturbance of function outer hair cell in the cochlea. Objective: was to know the relationship between the degree of perinatal asphyxiae with impaired function of outer hair cell. Methods: The study was an analytic observational study with case control design, that took a place in perinatology department in Doctor Moewardi hospital Surakarta, General hospital in Karanganyar, General hospital in Wonogiri, General hospital in Sukoharjo. The study started from October 2014 until January 2015. The sample study were selected with consecutive sampling method, with total sample of 50 newborns which consist of 25 case group and 25 control group. Impaired function of outer hair cell has been diagnosed from ENT examination and examined with Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE). Perinatal asphyxiae were measured with APGAR score and the other risk factor were collected from the medical record of the patients. Data were analyzed with univariat, bivariat (chi square) and multivariat statistic with double logistic regression. Result: From 25 case group and 25 control group, were found that perinatal asphyxiae was the influence risk factor to the occurrence of impaired function of outer hair cell. Newborns have impaired function of outer hair cell with perinatal asphyxiae will have the risk of twenty nine times higher than newborns without perinatal asphyxiae, after controlling of confounding factors low birth weight, and hyperbilirubinemiae. The results was statistically significant. (OR = 29,614; CI – 95 % = 5,454 - 160,792; p < 0,001). Conclusion: There has corellated between perinatal asphyxiae and impaired function of outer hair cell.