bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Ibuprofen under Visible Light Irradiation Using Silver and Cerium Co‐Doped Mesoporous TiO2
Authors: Chaker Hanane , Fourmentin Sophie , Chérif‐Aouali Leila 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWater contamination by pharmaceutical compounds has become one of the most serious problem for environment. The use of solar illumination as a renewable energy associated to nanomaterials is an alternative solution for disinfection of wastewater. Therefore, there is a great challenge in green chemistry research to synthesize robust and efficient catalysts for the degradation of organic pollutant under visible light. In this study, we describe new ways to decorated mesoporous TiO2 with cerium (Ce) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles. Indeed, mesoporous TiO2 was co‐doped with Ag and Ce using two different methods: co‐impregnation (Co‐IMP) and co‐deposition precipitation with urea (Co‐DPU). The prepared catalysts were characterized using different analytical techniques such as X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DR/UV‐vis) and N2 adsorption/desorption. The effect of the preparation method has been evaluated in the photodegradation of ibuprofen (IBP) under visible light irradiation. The obtained results underlined the improvement of photocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO2 by metals under visible light. A mineralization of IBP up to 98 % was achieved after 4 h irradiation for the catalyst prepared by co‐deposition precipitation with urea. Therefore, this catalyst could be suitable for the treatment of pharmaceuticals in aqueous media using solar light as the energy source.
Multiscale Microstructure for Investigation of Cell–Cell Communication
Authors: Schneider Ann‐Kathrin , Scharnweber Tim , Cammann Destiny , Rapp Bastian , Giselbrecht Stefan , Niemeyer Christof M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA multiscale polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip is presented, which provides an array of mesoscale open wells for cell culturing and, as unique feature, an array of microscale 1 µm deep channels to fluidically connect neighboring wells. As demonstrated with SH‐SY5Y cells, the small dimensions of the channels prevent migration of the cell soma but allow physical contacts established by the outgrowth of protoplasmic protrusions between cells in adjacent wells. Another important feature is the chip's mountability on solid substrates, such as glass. This enables the use of substrates previously patterned with biomolecules, as demonstrated by DNA‐directed immobilization of proteins inside the reactor wells. Given the versatile addressability of cells, whether through surface‐bound or inkjet‐based administration of bioactive substances, it is believed that the reactor could be used for research in cell–cell communication networks, for example, in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
Drug investigation tool: Identifying the effect of drug on cell image by using improved correlation
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Shahid , Ahmad Iftikhar , Asif Muhammad , Kim Sun‐Hee , Mehmood Raja Majid 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the treatment of human cancer, the existing drug response identification and assessment methods have some issues, such as high cost, slow processing, and low accuracy. Responsive methods that easily and indirectly assess patient tissue response to drugs or small molecules offer promising options for improving drug safety, and they are able to identify the right treatment for specific patients. Digital image correlation is a good technique that detects a part of the image between two images. In this article, a new method of correlation called significant improvement of correlation (SIC) was proposed. Data were taken from the confocal microscopy of two‐photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) probe images taken every 5 min for short‐term monitoring (STM) and long‐term monitoring (LTM; 12, 24, and 48 hours). Cells were cultured, and a new compound TPEF was tested and injected the drug. The effect of drug on the TPEF compound was assessed through correlation. Experimental and simulation results showed that the proposed SIC was better than the conventional correlation method. Results also revealed that the first three images had 0.8% correlation in STM and LTM Image15 and Image10 had 0.49% correlation. The other images demonstrated minimum correlation. Thus, the effect of the newly made drug on the cell and image had a minimum correlation.
DLX6‐AS1 accelerates cell proliferation through regulating miR‐497‐5p/SNCG pathway in prostate cancer
Authors: Zhu Xu , Ma Xingxin , Zhao Shuli , Cao Zhigang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) has become the second leading cause of cancer‐related mortality in males worldwide. Although the long noncoding RNA DLX6‐AS1 has been recognized to be an oncogene in multiple cancers, the biological function and regulatory mechanism of DLX6‐AS1 in prostate cancer are still obscure. In the present study, we observed that DLX6‐AS1 was significantly upregulated in PCa tissues and cells. Knockdown of DLX6‐AS1 inhibited PCa progression by suppressing cell proliferation and accelerating cell apoptosis. Molecular mechanism exploration indicated that DLX6‐AS1 acted as a sponge for miR‐497‐5p and synuclein gamma (SNCG) was a downstream target gene of miR‐497‐5p. In addition, there was a negative correlation between DLX6‐AS1 and miR‐497‐5p in PCa tissues. Rescue assays showed that SNCG overexpression could partially recover DLX6‐AS1 knockdown‐mediated inhibition of progression in PCa. Furthermore, xenograft tumor model was established to determine the role of DLX6‐AS1 in PCa tumor growth and the results suggested that DLX6‐AS1 could facilitate tumor growth by regulating SNCG in vivo. In conclusion, our study investigated the biological function and underlying mechanism of DLX6‐AS1 in PCa and validated that DLX6‐AS1 functioned as an oncogene through miR‐497‐5p/SNCG axis.
Learning the lessons of Climategate: A cosmopolitan moment in the public life of climate science
Authors: Raman Sujatha , Pearce Warren 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA decade after Climategate, climate change may be established as a social fact, yet the after‐effects live on. This Advanced Review assesses the impact of Climategate on public talk about climate change in the last decade. Reviewing academic articles, blogs, reports, books, and media articles, we identify three norms that set the foundations for Climategate to be seen as a scandal: (a) using scientific consensus to justify climate policy; (b) that openness is fundamental to validating scientific knowledge; (c) that the public was conceived as passive recipients of scientific knowledge rather than participants in dialogue. We then review developments since Climategate, that have seen some groups attempting to shore up these norms, while others have seen an opportunity to change the boundaries of public engagement around climate science. We describe this as a cosmopolitan moment in the public life of science: an opportunity to forge a public culture comfortable with the epistemic diversity and ambiguity inherent to climate change, and yet a culture that can also reason together in the public good. Finally, we assess the implications of Climategate's mixed legacy on contemporary climate change debates, emphasizing that cosmopolitan knowledge provides a means to craft effective, open, and fruitful approaches to public engagement around climate change.This article is categorized under:
Social Status of Climate Change Knowledge > Sociology/Anthropology of Climate Knowledge
Upper limit on the η → π+π− branching fraction with the KLOE experiment
Authors:   The KLOE-2 collaboration, Babusci D. , Berlowski M. , Bloise C. , Bossi F. , Branchini P. , Budano A. , Cao B. , Ceradini F. , Ciambrone P. , Curciarello F. , Czerwiński E. , D’Agostini G. , Danè E. , De Leo V. , De Lucia E. , De Santis A. , De Simone P. , Di Cicco A. , Di Domenico A. , Domenici D. , D’Uffizi A. , Fantini A. , Fermani P. , Fiore S. , Gajos A. , Gauzzi P. , Giovannella S. , Graziani E. , Ivanov V. L. , Johansson T. , Kang X. , Kisielewska-Kamińska D. , Kozyrev E. A. , Krzemien W. , Kupsc A. , Lukin P. A. , Mandaglio G. , Martini M. , Messi R. , Miscetti S. , Moricciani D. , Moskal P. , Parzych S. , Passeri A. , Patera V. , Perez del Rio E. , Santangelo P. , Schioppa M. , Selce A. , Silarski M. , Sirghi F. , Solodov E. P. , Tortora L. , Venanzoni G. , Wiślicki W. , Wolke M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Based on an integrated luminosity of 1.61 fb−1e+e− collision data collected with the KLOE detector at DAΦNE, the Frascati ϕ-factory, a search for the P- and CP-violating decay η → π+π− has been performed. Radiative ϕ → ηγ decay is exploited to access the η mesons. No signal is observed in the π+π− invariant mass spectrum, and the upper limit on the branching fraction at 90% confidence level is determined to be ℬ(η → π+π−) < 4.9 × 10−6, which is approximately three times smaller than the previous KLOE result. From the combination of these two measurements we get ℬ(η → π+π−) < 4.4 × 10−6 at 90% confidence level.
Epidemiology and treatment of acute elbow dislocations: current concept based on primary surgical ligament repair of unstable simple elbow dislocations
Authors: Mühlenfeld Nils , Frank Johannes , Lustenberger Thomas , Marzi Ingo , Sander Anna Lena 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Acute elbow dislocations are complex injuries that predispose to chronic instability and pain. The ideal treatment strategy is part of controversial discussion and evidence-based recommendations for the treatment could not be concluded from the literature. The purpose of the present study was to assess current epidemiological data, injury pattern, and the changing trend for treatment.

Methods
This study presents a retrospective review of 72 patients ≥ 18 years of age who were treated in our level I trauma centre with acute elbow dislocations from 2014 to 2018. The data were acquired by analysis of the institution’s database, and radiological examinations.

Results
The average age of the patients was 48.5 years (range 18–86). The ratio of male to female patients was 1.9:1. A fall onto the outstretched arm (42%) was the most common injury mechanism. By classification, 42% of the elbow dislocations were simple, and 58% complex. A total of 85% of patients underwent surgery including 73% of the simple elbow dislocations due to remaining instability or non-congruency of the reduced elbow. The indication for surgical treatment correlated merely with the grade of instability and displacement, but not with age.

Conclusion
Acute elbow dislocations need identification of the precise injury pattern and instability after reduction of the elbow joint. To achieve a congruent and stable joint, we recommend primary surgical repair as first-line treatment for patients with unstable simple and complex elbow dislocation independent of age.
Perioperatives Flüssigkeitsmanagement bei großen viszeralchirurgischen Eingriffen
Authors: von der Forst M. , Weiterer S. , Dietrich M. , Loos M. , Lichtenstern C. , Weigand M. A. , Siegler B. H. 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Gabe intravasaler Flüssigkeiten gehört zu den Grundpfeilern der perioperativen Therapie und nimmt insbesondere bei großen viszeralchirurgischen Eingriffen maßgeblichen Einfluss auf das chirurgische Behandlungsergebnis. Ein adäquates perioperatives Flüssigkeitsmanagement kann durch Vermeidung von Hypo- und Hypervolämie dazu beitragen, das Risiko einer unzureichenden Gewebeperfusion als Treiber postoperativer Morbidität und Letalität signifikant zu reduzieren. Der effektive Umgang mit intravasal zugeführten Flüssigkeiten setzt dabei die Kenntnis der Substanzen sowie Maßnahmen zur Therapiesteuerung voraus. Das Flüssigkeitsmanagement beginnt bereits präoperativ und sollte – unter Nutzung einer an die Bedürfnisse des Patienten angepassten und dem Eingriff entsprechenden hämodynamischen Überwachung – auch postoperativ im Aufwachraum und auf Station fortgesetzt werden. Der Kommunikation aller an der perioperativen Versorgung Beteiligten kommt im Sinne eines optimalen Flüssigkeitsmanagements eine entscheidende Bedeutung zu.
Individualisierte Immuntherapie von Tumorerkrankungen mittels Peptidimpfstoffen – Funktioniert das vielleicht doch?
Authors: Rammensee Hans-Georg , Löffler Markus W. 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungBereits der Arzt und Forscher Paul Ehrlich stellte die These auf, dass das Immunsystem nicht nur Infektionen bekämpft, sondern auch gegen Krebs vorgehen kann. Über die möglichen positiven Auswirkungen einer simultanen Infektion auf den Verlauf einer Krebserkrankung wurde bereits im alten Ägypten ca. 2600 v. Chr. berichtet. Jedoch wurde erst ab den 1960er-Jahren klar, dass das Immunsystem Krebszellen gezielt bekämpfen kann, und erst ab den 1990er-Jahren wurde langsam aufgeklärt, wie dies vor sich geht.Vor diesem Hintergrund sollen deshalb die Bemühungen der letzten 30 Jahre hinsichtlich der Entwicklung therapeutischer Impfungen gegen Krebserkrankungen kurz zusammengefasst und deren bisherige Erfolglosigkeit beleuchtet werden. Außerdem werden in einem Ausblick zukünftige eventuell Erfolg versprechende Entwicklungen in diesem Kontext diskutiert. Dabei werden die verfügbare wissenschaftliche Literatur, aber auch eigene Ergebnisse berücksichtigt.Es ergeben sich ganz zentrale Fragen, etwa: Wie unterscheiden sich Krebszellen von normalen Zellen? Wie kann das Immunsystem diese Unterschiede erkennen? Was sind tumorspezifische Antigene? Warum müssen tumorspezifische Antigene in individueller Weise ausgesucht und angewendet werden? Wie induziert man eine effiziente Immunantwort? Welche pharmazeutischen Formulierungen, Adjuvanzien und Impfrouten sind effektiv?Letztlich stellen wir dar, warum es sich möglicherweise doch lohnt, die bisher völlig erfolglose Peptidimpfung (gemessen an bisher zugelassenen Therapeutika) weiterzuverfolgen.
The moderating role of social network size in the temporal association between formal social participation and mental health: a longitudinal analysis using two consecutive waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
Authors: Santini Ziggi Ivan , Jose Paul E. , Koyanagi Ai , Meilstrup Charlotte , Nielsen Line , Madsen Katrine R. , Hinrichsen Carsten , Dunbar Robin I. M. , Koushede Vibeke 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionPrevious studies have shown that engaging in formal social participation may protect against declining mental health, but social network size (the number of close social ties a person has) may moderate the relationship. We assessed the potential moderating role of social network size using longitudinal data.MethodsNationally representative data from two consecutive waves (2011, 2013) of the SHARE survey were analyzed. The data consisted of 38,300 adults from 13 European countries aged 50 years and older in 2011. Measures pertaining to formal social participation, social network size, quality of life, and depression symptoms were used. Multivariable linear regression models were conducted.ResultsThe majority of participants (over 70% of the sample) had a social network size of four or less close social ties. We identified significant moderations in both models. Individuals with relatively few close social ties may have benefitted from formal social participation both in terms of reductions in depression symptoms and increases in quality of life, while formal social participation among those with many social ties did not appear to be beneficial, and may even to some extent have been detrimental.ConclusionsDeclines in mental health specifically among those with relatively few close social ties could potentially be prevented through the promotion of formal social participation. It is possible that such strategies could have a greater impact by specifically targeting individuals that are otherwise socially isolated. High levels of formal participation among those with relatively many close social ties may not be pragmatically beneficial.
Reversed impacts of the Arctic oscillation on the precipitation over the South China Sea and its surrounding areas in October and November
Authors: Dong Tianyun , Dong Wenjie , Feng Taichen , Zhu Xian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe reversed impacts of the Arctic oscillation (AO) on precipitation over the South China Sea and its surrounding areas (SCSA) in October and November during 1979–2014 are investigated. The correlation coefficients between AO and the precipitation in October and November are 0.44 and − 0.31, which are statistically significant at the 99% and 90% confidence levels, respectively. In October (November), the specific humidity exhibits obvious positive (negative) anomalies in the SCSA, and an upward (downward) airflow moving from ground to the upper troposphere (1000–150 hPa) between 10°N and 30°N (10°N and 20°N) is observed with more (less) cloud cover. Moisture budget diagnosis suggests that the precipitation’s increasing (decreasing) in October (November) mainly contributed by zonal moisture flux convergence (divergence). Furthermore, the Rossby wave guided by westerlies tends to motivate positive geopotential height in the upper troposphere over approximately 20°–30°N, 40°–80°E in October, which is accompanied by a stronger anticyclone in the Arabian Sea region. However, in November, the wave train propagating from the Arabian Sea to the Bay of Bengal is observed in the form of cyclones and anticyclones. Further analysis reveal that the AO in October may increase precipitation through the southern wave train (along the westerly jet stream from North Africa to the Middle East and South China). Moreover, air-sea interactions over the North Pacific might also generate horseshoe-shaped sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies characterized by positive SST in the central subtropical North Pacific surrounded by negative SST, which may affect the precipitation in the SCSA. Ensemble-mean results from CMIP6 historical simulations further confirm these relationships, and the models that can better simulate the observed positive geopotential height in the Arabian Sea present more consistent precipitation’s increasing over the SCSA in October.
Validation of two short versions of the Zarit Burden Interview in the palliative care setting: a questionnaire to assess the burden of informal caregivers
Authors: Kühnel Martina B. , Ramsenthaler Christina , Bausewein Claudia , Fegg Martin , Hodiamont Farina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeSeveral validated outcome measures, among them the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), are valid for measuring caregiver burden in advanced cancer and dementia. However, they have not been validated for a wider palliative care (PC) setting with non-cancer disease. The purpose was to validate ZBI-1 (ultra-short version and proxy rating) and ZBI-7 short versions for PC.MethodsIn a prospective, cross-sectional study with informal caregivers of patients in inpatient (PC unit, hospital palliative support team) and outpatient (home care team) PC settings of a large university hospital, content validity and acceptability of the ZBI and its structural validity (via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Rasch analysis) were tested. Reliability assessment used internal consistency and inter-rater reliability and construct validity used known-group comparisons and a priori hypotheses on correlations with Brief Symptom Inventory, Short Form-12, and Distress Thermometer.ResultsEighty-four participants (63.1% women; mean age 59.8, SD 14.4) were included. Structural validity assessment confirmed the unidimensional structure of ZBI-7 both in CFA and Rasch analysis. The item on overall burden was the best item for the ultra-short version ZBI-1. Higher burden was recorded for women and those with poorer physical health. Internal consistency was good (Cronbach’sα = 0.83). Inter-rater reliability was moderate as proxy ratings estimated caregivers’ burden higher than self-ratings (average measuresICC = 0.51;CI = 0.23–.69;p = 0.001).ConclusionThe ZBI-7 is a valid instrument for measuring caregiver burden in PC. The ultra-short ZBI-1 can be used as a quick and proxy assessment, with the caveat of overestimating burden.
A diffused interface with the advection term in a Sobolev space
Authors: Tonegawa Yoshihiro , Tsukamoto Yuki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe study the asymptotic limit of diffused surface energy in the van der Waals–Cahn–Hillard theory when an advection term is added and the energy is uniformly bounded. We prove that the limit interface is an integral varifold and the generalized mean curvature vector is determined by the advection term. As the application, a prescribed mean curvature problem is solved using the min–max method.
Observations on Ion Interaction Chromatographic System: Reversed Phase Column—H3BO3/TBAOH Mobile Phase and the Effect of Temperature
Authors: Dybczyński Rajmund S. , Kulisa Krzysztof 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNew ion interaction chromatographic (IIC) system with RP column and boric acid plus tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH) mobile phase was investigated. In the system: CPhenylHexyl—10 mM H3BO3/4 mM TBAOH, a large group of anions viz. F−,IO3−, Cl−, ClO2−, BrO3−, NO2−, Br−, NO3−, ClO3−, I−, HPO42−, SO42−, CrO42−, S2O32−, benzoate−, SCN−, ClO4− and phthalate2−, could be isocratically resolved. A study on the effect of temperature revealed that some ions added to ion exchange are also held in the stationary phase by the hydrophobic adsorption. The retention loss for all anions with time was observed. This effect however, was quite slow and good separations could be obtained even after the column stayed a few hundred hours in the mobile phase.
Food and Ornament: Use of Shellfish at Ifri Oudadane, a Holocene Settlement in NE Morocco
Authors: Hutterer Rainer , Schröder Oskar , Linstädter Jörg 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecent excavations of Ifri Oudadane, a prehistoric rockshelter on the Mediterranean coast of NW Morocco, yielded a rich marine and terrestrial fauna. We present an analysis of the shellfish remains (exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates) from the 2011 trench, covering the Epipaleolithic and Early Neolithic levels. A total of 4,415 liters of sediment contained 8,749 specimens (MNI) of at least 40 species of shellfish: 12 bivalves, 24 gastropods, one tusk shell, barnacles, crabs, and sea urchins. The mean abundance of shellfish was 2 MNI per liter. Limpets (Patellidae), topshells (Trochidae), mussels (Mytilidae), and rockshells (Muricidae) formed 98% of the total mollusk fauna and were part of the diet; limpets prevailed in Epipaleolithic levels and topshells in Neolithic ones. Evidence was found for a systematic butchering of topshells (Phorcus turbinatus): the shells in Epipaleolithic levels were mostly smashed while topshells in Neolithic levels were usually topped in a uniform way. Seven species of mollusks showed traces of manipulation and were used as ornament or tools. Species used as food, such as limpets, topshells, and mussels, never show any indications of being used as ornament or tools, and the mollusks that were used as jewelry or tools were not part of the diet.