bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local translation in synaptic mitochondria influences synaptic transmission
Authors: Yousefi Roya , Fornasiero Eugenio F. , Cyganek Lukas , Jakobs Stefan , Rizzoli Silvio O. , Rehling Peter , Pacheu-Grau David 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTMitochondria possess a small genome that codes for core subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system, and whose expression is essential for energy production. Information on the regulation and spatial organization of mitochondrial gene expression in the cellular context has been difficult to obtain. Here we addressed this by devising an imaging approach to analyze mitochondrial translation, by following the incorporation of clickable non-canonical amino acids. We applied this method to multiple cell types, including hippocampal neurons, where we found ample evidence for mitochondrial translation in both dendrites and axons. Translation levels were surprisingly heterogeneous, were typically stronger in axons, and were independent of their distance from the cell soma, where mitochondria presumably descent from. Presynaptic mitochondrial translation correlated with local synaptic activity, and blocking mitochondria translation reduced synaptic function. Overall, these findings demonstrate that mitochondrial gene expression in neurons is intimately linked to neuronal function.
Endothelial expression of human APP leads to cerebral amyloid angiopathy in mice
Authors: Tachida Yuriko , Miura Saori , Imamaki Rie , Ogasawara Naomi , Takuwa Hiroyuki , Sahara Naruhiko , Shindo Akihiro , Matsuba Yukio , Saito Takashi , Taniguchi Naoyuki , Kawaguchi Yasushi , Tomimoto Hidekazu , Saido Takaomi , Kitazume Shinobu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) in blood vessels of the brain, known as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), is observed in more than 90% of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. The presence of such CAA pathology is not as evident, however, in most mouse models of AD, thereby making it difficult to examine the contribution of CAA to the pathogenesis of AD. Since blood levels of soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPP) in rodents are less than 1% of those in humans, we hypothesized that endothelial APP expression would be markedly lower in rodents, thus providing a reason for the poorly expressed CAA pathology. Here we generated mice that specifically express human APP770 in endothelial cells. These mice exhibited an age-dependent robust deposition of Aβ in brain blood vessels but not in the parenchyma. Crossing these animals with APP knock-in mice led to an expanded CAA pathology as evidenced by increased amounts of amyloid accumulated in the cortical blood vessels. These results show that both neuronal and endothelial APP contribute cooperatively to vascular Aβ deposition, and suggest that this mouse model will be useful for studying disease mechanisms underlying CAA and for developing novel AD therapeutics.
Resource-based view of innovation activity in SMEs: an empirical analysis based on the global competitiveness project
Authors: Lukovszki Lívia , Rideg András , Sipos Norbert 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify the corporate functions that contribute most to the innovation success of SMEs with limited resources. After a systematic literature review, the authors used a unique primary data set of 784 SMEs from eight countries. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used to show the data set peculiarities. The logistic regression targeted the presence of innovative products and services in sales by 11 dummy variables and 4 principal factors describing SMEs’ different resources and capabilities.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors developed a resource-based product innovation model that is synthesising the impact of the company resources and capabilities and of the innovation activity of the company on the actual innovation performance. The authors carry out an empirical analysis of the characteristic features of innovation activity in an international sample of SMEs.

Findings
The results show that two corporate functions play a crucial role in the effectiveness of innovation for SMEs as follows: management and research and development (R&D). In addition, although of lesser importance, the effect of the marketing function also appears significant. The binary logistic regression had 84.2% of explanatory power.

Originality/value
From a scientific point of view, the SME-focussed, complex and synthesising RBV model of innovation construction and literature review can be used as a reference point for future researches. From a practical point of view, the analysis is useful for those SMEs, which want to gain a competitive advantage through innovation. Indeed, the results show that in the case of SMEs, a company wishing to innovate must invest in three corporate functions for innovation to be effective as follows: management, R&D and marketing.
How can a municipal government continue operations during megadisasters? An analysis of preparedness using complex adaptive systems
Authors: Haraguchi Masahiko 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how government continuity planning contributes to strengthening the public sector's emergency preparedness, resulting in enhanced resilience of the public sector. Government continuity plans (GCPs) are a recently focused concept in disaster preparedness, compared to business continuity plans (BCPs) in the private sector. The need for BCPs was widely recognized after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) and the 2011 Thailand Floods. However, recent disasters, such as the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake in Japan, have revealed that local governments without effective GCPs were severely affected by disasters, preventing them from quickly responding to or recovering from disasters. When the GEJE occurred in 2011, only 11% of municipal governments in Japan had GCPs.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzes basic principles of government continuity planning using complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory while summarizing recent developments in theory and practice of government continuity planning.FindingsThis research investigates the Japanese experience of GCPs using self-organization, one of the concepts of CAS. A GCP will complement regional disaster plans, which often focus on what governments should do to protect citizens during emergencies but fail to outline how governments should prepare for an emergency operation. The study concludes that GCPs contribute to increased resilience among the public sector in terms of robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness and rapidity.Practical implicationsThis paper includes implications for the development and improvement of a GCP's operational guideline.Originality/valueThis research fulfills an identified need to investigate the effectiveness of a GCP for resilience in the public sector and how to improve its operation using concepts of CAS.
The impact of situated learning activities on technology university students' learning outcome
Authors: Chiou Hua-Huei 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate 3D virtual reality (VR) situated activity, preschool reality and how the lecture teaching method affects technology university students' learning outcome.Design/methodology/approachThe quasi-experimental design is used. Participants are 144 students in three classes who all take Child Development Assessment course. Research instruments include 3D VR animation, preschool live video and child development as the case. One class attended 3D VR situated activities, another observed preschool live video and the other takes a traditional lecture class. Learning outcomes were measured by two paper-and-pencil tests in different times and with one performance assessment. In the writing test, mechanical and meaningful questions were included.FindingsMajor findings of this study are, first, that the auxiliary learning of 3D VR is better than the real-life situation. Second, situational learning activities can enhance participant performance in context-based questions. In summary, this study found that well-organized 3D VR animation is more effective than live situation learning, especially for context-based course content.Research limitations/implicationsThe lack of random assignment into test groups leads to non-equivalent test groups which can limit the generalizability of the results to other student population.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study suggest that teachers can gradually arrange learning activities, from 3D VR to a real applied workplace; situated learning activities are more likely to support the transfer knowledge to real-life problem solving.Originality/valueThe findings suggest that teachers in arranging the classroom context activities can be the first to use 3D VR before actual reality to avoid novices getting lost in the complicated real situations. If learning activities can be arranged gradually, from 3D VR to real applied workplace, situated learning activities can help students to deploy their newly acquired knowledge and skills in real-life problem solving.
Dufour, Soret and radiation effects with magnetic dipole on Powell-Eyring fluid flow over a stretching sheet
Authors: Vafai K. , Khan Ambreen A. , Fatima G. , Sait Sadiq M. , Ellahi R. 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the effect of Powell–Eyring fluid induced by a stretched sheet. Heat and mass transfer under the influence of magnetic dipole over a stretching sheet are taken into account.Design/methodology/approachNonlinear coupled governing equations are solved using the optimal homotopy asymptotic technique, and a computer software package BVPh 2.0 is used for numerical computations.FindingsImpact of significant quantities is graphically examined. It is seen that the heat transfer deceases for higher values of viscous dissipation parameter, radiation parameter, Dufour number, whereas it increases for bigger values of Prandtl number. The numerical results have been validated through comparison with existing literature as a special case of proposed model and perceived that the Soret number has reining role to increase the rate of heat transfer.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is reported for the first time.
Normative commitment in an information systems project environment
Authors: Brooks Nita G. , Korzaan Melinda L. , Brooks Stoney 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis paper builds on previous research in information systems (IS) project management by focusing on key antecedents proposed to play important roles in influencing normative commitment within the IS project environment. The study also further investigates the influence of normative commitment on intentions to continue.Design/methodology/approachTo collect data for this study, a field survey was administered online, and individuals were selected for participation by a member of upper management from Fortune 500 companies located in the United States. Two-hundred and thirty two (232) survey responses were collected. The model was analyzed using PLS-SEM.FindingsThe results indicated that personal investment, personal responsibility, voluntariness, project-specific self-efficacy and problem-solving competency were all significantly related to normative commitment. Project-specific self-efficacy, problem-solving competency and normative commitment directly influenced intention to continue. Additionally, problem-solving competency moderated both the relationships of project-specific self-efficacy to normative commitment and project-specific self-efficacy to intention to continue. The resulting model explains 63% of intention to continue and 58% of normative commitment.Originality/valueThe findings from this study contribute to commitment theory and enhance one’s understanding of IS project environments by exploring specific antecedents related to developing normative commitment. Additionally, the impact of normative commitment on intention to continue was enhanced by examining key moderating relationships to the model.
Transforming online teaching and learning: towards learning design informed by information science and learning sciences
Authors: Fujita Nobuko 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the practical work of learning designers with the aim of helping members of the information science (IS) and learning sciences (LS) communities understand how evidence-informed learning design of online teaching and online learning in higher education is relevant to their research agendas and how they can contribute to this growing field.

Design/methodology/approach
Illustrating how current online education instructional designs largely ignore evidence from research, this paper argues that evidence from IS and LS can encourage more effective and nuanced learning designs for e-learning and online education delivery and suggest how interdisciplinary collaboration can advance shared understanding.

Findings
Recent reviews of the learning design show that tools and techniques from the LS can support students in self-directed and self-regulated learning. IS studies complement these approaches by highlighting the role that information systems and computer–human interaction. In this paper, the expertise from IS and LS are considered as important evidence to improve learning design, particularly vis-à-vis digital divide concerns that students face during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Originality/value
This paper outlines important ties between the learning design, LS and IS communities. The combined expertise is key to advancing the nuanced design of online education, which considers issues of social justice and equity, and critical digital pedagogy.
Understanding the entrepreneurial intentions of youth: a PLS multi-group and FIMIX analysis using the model of goal-directed behavior
Authors: Londono Juan Carlos , Wilson Bradley , Osorio-Tinoco Fabian 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to test the model of goal-directed behavior (MGB) in the prediction of entrepreneurial intentions of high school students. It also uncovers heterogeneity and differences in structural paths. The study aims to expand the toolbox of theoretical models that are useful to interpret entrepreneurial intentions by including the MGB. The MGB explains the role of desires, anticipated emotions and frequency of past behavior (FPB). These aspects are underplayed in other models.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper opted for a study using PLS path modeling. The authors applied questionnaires to 643 students (260 boys and 383 girls) from 34 high school institutions of a large metropolitan city in a developing country. Data analysis used a multi-group analysis and a finite mixture (FIMIX) approach.

Findings
The paper provides empirical insights about the antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions and confirms the role that desires and FPB have in their development. MGA results suggest that PBC relevance depends on gender, and emotions vary with socio economic level (SEL).

Research limitations/implications
Research results are limited to high school students. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed propositions further with university students and the general population in other developing and developed countries.

Practical implications
The paper includes implications for teaching curriculum and government policy in entrepreneurship. The results encourage the study of entrepreneurship from a young age and the importance of teaching how to overcome negative emotions in the entrepreneurial process.

Originality/value
This paper satisfies a recognized need to evaluate competing models that explain entrepreneurial intentions. The grouping analysis uncovers opportunities to develop innovative education and training strategies.
Embodied “inter-practice” in organizations – the contribution of Merleau-Ponty to carnal organizational practices and studies
Authors: Küpers Wendelin 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to develop a critical and extended understanding of practices in organizations from a phenomenological point of view. It explores the relevance of Merleau-Ponty's advanced phenomenology and ontology for understanding the role of the lived body and the embodiment of practices and change in organizational lifeworlds.Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature review and phenomenology, the role of embodied and relational dimension, the concept of an emergent and responsive “inter-practice” in organizations is developed systematically.FindingsBased on the phenomenological and relational approach, the concept of (inter-)practice allows an extended more integral and processual understanding of the role of bodily and embodied practices in organizational lifeworlds as emerging events. The concept of inter-practice(ing) contributes to conceiving of new ways of approaching how responsive and improvisational practicing, related to change, coevolves within a multidimensional nexus of organizations.Research limitations/implicationsSpecific theoretical and methodological implications for exploring and enacting relational practices as well as limitations are offered.Practical implicationsSome specific practical implications are provided that facilitate and enable embodied practices in organizational contexts.Social implicationsThe responsive inter-practice is seen as embedded in sociality and social interactions and links to sociocultural and political as well as ethical dimensions are discussed.Originality/valueBy extending the existing discourse and using an embodied approach, the paper proposes a novel orientation for reinterpreting practice that allows explorations of the emergence and realization of alternative, ingenious and more suitable forms of practicing and change in organizations.
Urban planning decisions: an evaluation support model for natural soil surface saving policies and the enhancement of properties in disuse
Authors: Morano Pierluigi , Tajani Francesco , Anelli Debora 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe present research aims to develop and test an evaluation support model for decisions alert soil surface saving to be used in the redevelopment of abandoned and degraded properties through involvement of private developers.Design/methodology/approachAdapting operations research principles to the public–private partnership features that are typical of urban planning issues, the model pursues a complex objective function, that concerns urban parameters to be attributed to properties to be recovered. An elaboration of a Pareto-optimal frontier has defined possible scenarios for different trends of the variables under consideration.FindingsThe efficiency of the model is verified through application to a real case study concerning urban renewal of a property in disuse located in a city in Southern Italy. The outputs confirm the potentialities and flexibility of the proposed model to support urban planning decisions by improving the implementation of conservation policies, in terms of a reduced impact of urban transformation projects on the available natural land surface.Practical implicationsDepending on the objectives of public sector, the model can generate a range of urban parameter combinations to be attributed to the recovered properties to achieve low consumption of natural surfaces, with bargaining between the public and private sectors around these parameters. The model can also be used in the initial phases of the renewal initiative, when it is necessary to define the costs and the revenues involved or to assess alternative solutions capable of reducing impacts on the environment.Originality/valueThe model can be applied to identify the appropriate rewards in a project that can stimulate the private developers to realize further public infrastructures and services than minimum quantities established by the current local urban regulations. In this sense, the model represents an original scientific reference in the current strategies promoted by the European Union for achievement of a “no net land take” by 2050, aimed at reducing natural surface occupied by buildings and roads.
Investigation of food microstructure and texture using atomic force microscopy: A review
Authors: Wen Yadi , Xu Zekun , Liu Yi , Corke Harold , Sui Zhongquan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe review recent applications of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to characterize microstructural and textural properties of food materials. Based on interaction between probe and sample, AFM can image in three dimensions with nanoscale resolution especially in the vertical orientation. When the scanning probe is used as an indenter, mechanical features such as stiffness and elasticity can be analyzed. The linkage between structure and texture can thus be elucidated, providing the basis for many further future applications of AFM. Microstructure of simple systems such as polysaccharides, proteins, or lipids separately, as characterized by AFM, is discussed. Interaction of component mixtures gives rise to novel properties in complex food systems due to development of structure. AFM has been used to explore the morphological characteristics of such complexes and to investigate the effect of such characteristics on properties. Based on insights from such investigations, development of food products and manufacturing can be facilitated. Mechanical analysis is often carried out to evaluate the suitability of natural or artificial materials in food formulations. The textural properties of cellular tissues, food colloids, and biodegradable films can all be explored at nanometer scale, leading to the potential to connect texture to this fine structural level. More profound understanding of natural food materials will enable new classes of fabricated food products to be developed.
Effects of school resource officers on school crime and responses to school crime
Authors: Gottfredson Denise C. , Crosse Scott , Tang Zhiqun , Bauer Erin L. , Harmon Michele A. , Hagen Carol A. , Greene Angela D. 
Published: July 2020

Research SummaryWe examined the effects of an increase in school resource officer (SRO) staffing on schools in a sample of 33 public schools that enhanced SRO staffing through funding from the Department of Justice's Community Oriented Policing Services Hiring Program and a matched sample of 72 schools that did not increase SRO staffing at the same time. In longitudinal analyses of monthly school‐level administrative data, we compared the treatment and comparison schools on disciplinary offenses and actions. We found that increased SROs increased the number of drug‐ and weapon‐related offenses and exclusionary disciplinary actions for treatment schools relative to comparison schools. These negative effects were more frequently found for students without special needs.Policy ImplicationsThe study findings suggest that increasing SROs does not improve school safety and that by increasing exclusionary responses to school discipline incidents it increases the criminalization of school discipline. We recommend that educational decision‐makers seeking to enhance school safety consider the many alternatives to programs that require regular police presence in schools.