bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On strongly irregular periodic solutions of the linear nonhomogeneous discrete equation of the first order
Authors: Demenchuk A. K. 
Published: April 2020

As is proved earlier (the Massera theorem), the first-order scalar periodic ordinary differential equation does not have strongly irregular periodic solutions (solutions with a period incommensurable with the period of the equation). For difference equations with discrete time, strong irregularity means that the equation period and the period of its solution are relatively prime numbers. It is known that in the case of discrete equations, the mentioned result has no complete analog.The purpose of this paper is to investigate the possibility of realizing an analog of the Massera theorem for certain classes of difference equations. To do this, we consider the class of linear difference equations. It is proved that a linear nonhomogeneous non-stationary periodic discrete equation of the first order does not have strongly irregular non-stationary periodic solutions.
Einsatz eines Digitalen Zwillings zur Prozessoptimierung und prädiktiven Instandhaltung
Authors: Schmucker Benedikt , Ellinger Johannes , Benker Maximilian , Semm Thomas , Zäh Michael F. 
Published: April 2020

KurzfassungDer wirtschaftliche Einsatz von Werkzeugmaschinen ist maßgeblich abhängig von dem erreichbaren Zeitspanvolumen sowie den Stillstandszeiten aufgrund von Wartungsmaßnahmen. Es ist folglich der stete Wunsch von produzierenden Unternehmen, die Belegungszeit und die Anzahl notwendiger Instandhaltungsmaßnahmen zu reduzieren. Der Digitale Zwilling bietet durch einen permanenten Datenaustausch zwischen der realen Werkzeugmaschine und deren virtueller Repräsentation die Möglichkeit, Bearbeitungsprozesse unter Einhaltung der statischen und dynamischen Lastgrenzen zu optimieren und die Restlebensdauer von Maschinenkomponenten zu prognostizieren.
Pengembangan Media Spasi (Sistem Pencernaan Sapi) Pada Materi Ipa Siswa Kelas V Sdn Bendan Ngisor Semarang
Authors: Kristianto Heru 
Published: April 2020

Abstrak. Penelitian ini diawali dari sebagian besar siswa yang kesulitan dalam memahami materi pencernaan makanan pada hewan ruminansia mata pelajaran IPA. Permasalahan tersebut menjadi pertimbangan bagi peneliti untuk melakukan penelitian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran SPASI (Sistem Pencernaan Sapi) dan mengetahui kualitas media pembelajaran SPASI (Sistem Pencernaan Sapi). Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada sekelompok siswa kelas V di SD Bendan Ngisor Semarang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan yang diadaptasi dari tahapan Sugiyono serta Borg and Gall yang kemudian dimodifikasai antara lain Â potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data, desain produk, validasi, uji coba pemakaian, revisi produk, uji coba produk,Â revisi desain, revisi produk. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah prototipe pembelajaran IPA mengenai sistem pencernaan makanan pada hewan ruminansia. Media pembelajaran SPASI (Sitem Pencernaan Sapi) memiliki kualitas sangat baik dilihat dari hasil validasi yang dilakukan oleh ahli IPA dan Montessori. Perolehan skor rerata sebesar 3,85. Uji coba terbatas menunjukikan terdapat peningkatan nilai yang diperoleh siswa. Selisih nilai posttest dengan pretest sebesar 40. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran SPASI (Sistem Pencernaan Sapi) memiliki kualitas yang sangat baik dan membantu siswa memahami materi pencernaan makanan pada hewan ruminansia.Kata Kunci: Pencernaan Makanan, Media Pembelajaran,Â SPASI.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA PADA SISWA KELAS 4 SD
Authors: . Tomas , Prasetyo Tego 
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan model PBL (Problem Based Learning) terhadap motivasi belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran matematika pada siswa kelas 4 SD. Metode penelitian yang dipakai yaitu metode eksperimen dengan desain pretest-posttest control group design. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari instrumen tes dan non tes yaitu tes bertujuan untuk mengetahui motivasi belajar siswa sedangkan non tes berupa observasi untuk mengetahui keterlaksanaan model PBL. Data yang didapat dari pemberian tes dianlisis menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa yang menggunakan model PBL dari pada model konvensional. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari rerata motivasi belajar siswa dengan menggunakan model PBL sebesar 57,00, sedangkan dengan model konvensional 50,59. Itu berarti terdapat pengaruh penggunaan model PBL terhadap motivasi belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran matematika siswa kelas 4 Sekolah Dasar
Perfil epidemiológico da Hanseníase em Rondonópolis / MT: 2001 a 2010
Authors: Souza Tony José de , Cruz Neto Lourenço Ribeiro da , Lisboa Helen Cristina Fávero 
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os casos novos de Hanseníase notificados e confirmados no Município de Rondonópolis/MT. Trata-se de pesquisa de caráter quantitativo, com delineamento transversal, não experimental, retrospectiva, por meio de avaliação exploratória e descritiva utilizando dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Ministério da Saúde no período de 2001 a 2010. Durante o período do estudo foram diagnosticados 1.919 novos casos, o grupo etário mais frequente foi de 20 a 39 anos, sexo masculino, pardos, ensino fundamental incompleto e residente em zona urbana. Constatou-se ainda que a classificação operacional mais frequente foi a multibacilar, sendo a dimorfa predominante e a maioria dos casos não apresentaram nenhuma incapacidade física. Os resultados evidenciam elevado índice de casos de Hanseníase, sendo necessário descentralizar as ações de controle desta doença, capacitar os profissionais de saúde para realizarem o diagnostico precoce e prevenção.
Gemcitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy in subtypes of ampullary adenocarcinoma: international propensity score-matched cohort study
Authors: Moekotte A L , Malleo G , van Roessel S , Bonds M , Halimi A , Zarantonello L , Napoli N , Dreyer S B , Wellner U F , Bolm L , Mavroeidis V K , Robinson S , Khalil K , Ferraro D , Mortimer M C , Harris S , Al-Sarireh B , Fusai G K , Roberts K J , Fontana M , White S A , Soonawalla Z , Jamieson N B , Boggi U , Alseidi A , Shablak A , Wilmink J W , Primrose J N , Salvia R , Bassi C , Besselink M G , Abu Hilal M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Whether patients who undergo resection of ampullary adenocarcinoma have a survival benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to compare survival between patients with and without adjuvant chemotherapy after resection of ampullary adenocarcinoma in a propensity score-matched analysis.

Methods
An international multicentre cohort study was conducted, including patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy for ampullary adenocarcinoma between 2006 and 2017, in 13 centres in six countries. Propensity scores were used to match patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy with those who did not, in the entire cohort and in two subgroups (pancreatobiliary/mixed and intestinal subtypes). Survival was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analyses.

Results
Overall, 1163 patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy for ampullary adenocarcinoma. After excluding 187 patients, median survival in the remaining 976 patients was 67 (95 per cent c.i. 56 to 78) months. A total of 520 patients (53·3 per cent) received adjuvant chemotherapy. In a propensity score-matched cohort (194 patients in each group), survival was better among patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy than in those who did not (median survival not reached versus 60 months respectively; P = 0·051). A survival benefit was seen in patients with the pancreatobiliary/mixed subtype; median survival was not reached in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and 32 months in the group without chemotherapy (P = 0·020). Patients with the intestinal subtype did not show any survival benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.

Conclusion
Patients with resected ampullary adenocarcinoma may benefit from gemcitabine-based adjuvant chemotherapy, but this effect may be reserved for those with the pancreatobiliary and/or mixed subtype.
Modeling and simulation analysis of public opinion polarization in a dynamic network environment
Authors: Yuan Jiangjun , Shi Jiawen , Che Juyan , Xu Chonghuan , Wang Jie 
Published: April 2020

SummaryAt present, there are many group incidents on the Internet, which has caused a high level of public opinion. Hot issues on the Internet can often trigger intense discussions among netizens and finally evolve toward bipolarization or multipolarization. This article focuses on the phenomenon of public opinion polarization under the dynamic network. First, the single‐dimensional evaluation system for the JA model was expanded to multidimensional and analyzes the main factors that cause the polarization of public opinion of network groups from multiple dimensions of hot events. Second, the strength of the relationship between individuals and its dynamic changes were taken into account in the model. The strength of the relationship between individuals and its changes will affect the interaction of opinions, and thus affect the degree and speed of group polarization. Third, combining the changing process of the strength of relationship, the dynamic connection mechanism of network nodes was set to make the network structure more consistent with the social network in real life. Finally, we verify the reliability and scientificity of the model by combining practical cases.
Predictive Validity of a QTc Interval Prolongation Risk Score in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Su Ke , McGloin Rumi , Gellatly Rochelle M. 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundTorsade de pointes is a form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia associated with heart rate–corrected QT (QTc) interval prolongation. With approximately 24–61% of critically ill patients experiencing QTc interval prolongation, a predictive tool to identify high‐risk patients could assist in the monitoring and management in the intensive care unit (ICU). The Tisdale et al. Risk Score (TRS) is a predictive tool that was developed and validated in a cardiac critical care unit.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive validity (sensitivity and specificity) and likelihood ratios of the TRS in a medical ICU.MethodsThis was a longitudinal, retrospective, cohort study of consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria from October 2017 to June 2018 with a sample size of 264 patients. The sample size was derived based on the number of TRS covariates and an exploratory variable. Baseline characteristics and risk factors were documented from electronic health records. The first occurrence of QTc interval prolongation, defined as a QTc interval > 500 ms or an increase ≥ 60 ms above baseline, was the primary endpoint.Main ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity of the TRS for low‐risk patients against the moderate‐risk and high‐risk patients were 97% (95% CI 91–99%) and 16% (95% CI 11–23%), respectively. These results corresponded to a positive likelihood ratio of 1.15 (95% CI 1.07–1.24) and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.20 (95% CI 0.06–0.65).ConclusionsIn conclusion, the TRS showed a high sensitivity, making it useful in identifying patients at risk of developing QTc interval prolongation. Furthermore, patients categorized as low risk by the tool can be considered as having minimal risk of developing QTc interval prolongation. Given the tool's low specificity, it does not reliably identify all patients at low risk of QTc interval prolongation.
Akupunktur bei Schmerzerkrankungen und Allergien – von der klinischen Erfahrung zur Evidenz
Authors: Brinkhaus Benno , Ortiz Miriam , Dietzel Joanna , Willich Stefan 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Akupunktur ist ein Therapieverfahren der Traditionellen Chinesischen Medizin, das inzwischen auch in der westlichen Welt häufig eingesetzt wird. In den letzten beiden Jahrzehnten wurde es intensiv wissenschaftlich untersucht.

Ziel der Arbeit
Darstellung von Wirksamkeit, Therapiesicherheit und gesundheitsökonomischer Relevanz der Akupunktur bei chronischen Schmerzerkrankungen und Allergien.

Material und Methoden
Im Rahmen einer Übersichtsarbeit (narratives Review) wird die relevante Literatur ausgesucht, vorgestellt und interpretiert.

Ergebnisse
Akupunktur hat sich bei vielen chronischen Schmerzerkrankungen unter Routinebedingungen als wirksam erwiesen, so z. B. bei Kniegelenksschmerzen aufgrund von Arthrose, bei Migräne, Spannungskopfschmerz, chronischen Schmerzen der Lenden- und Halswirbelsäule, Schulterschmerzen, Dysmenorrhö und Fibromyalgie. Außerdem zeigt sich bei den meisten Schmerzerkrankungen eine spezifische Wirksamkeit. Auch bei Patienten mit allergischen Erkrankungen ist Akupunktur wirksam. Akupunktur hat sich in den großen klinischen Studien als relativ sicheres Therapieverfahren erwiesen, allerdings kommen in seltenen Fällen auch schwere Komplikationen vor (z. B. Pneumothoraxfälle, Hepatitisinfektionen). In der Regel ist Akupunktur mit zusätzlichen Therapiekosten verbunden, gilt allerdings bei Schmerzerkrankungen als kosteneffektive Therapiestrategie.

Diskussion
Als nichtpharmakologischem Verfahren kommt Akupunktur eine wachsende Bedeutung bei der Behandlung von chronischen Schmerzerkrankungen und Allergien zu. Sie wird daher zunehmend in aktuelle Therapieleitlinien aufgenommen. In weiteren Studien sollte ihre Wirksamkeit bei weiteren Indikationen bestimmt werden. Die Wirkmechanismen sollten untersucht werden.
« Au ciel de la richesse »: Le cœur théologique caché du rationnel économique occidental
Authors: Todeschini Giacomo 
Published: April 2020

RésumésLes historiens de la pensée économique et les économistes ont souvent décrit notre vision actuelle de l’économie ainsi que la science économique, censée transposer cette vision en termes rigoureux, comme l’aboutissement d’un double processus : toutes deux seraient le fruit, d’une part, du développement de la rationalité européenne et, d’autre part, de la modernisation/sécularisation de la pensée économique prémoderne (c’est-à-dire médiévale). Le développement de la rationalité économique européenne a donc été envisagé et représenté comme la victoire sur les conceptions économiques propres au Moyen Âge et à l’époque moderne, et ce par des auteurs aux points de vue très variés. On peut toutefois avancer une autre interprétation de l’évolution des langages économiques européens et de l’histoire de la « pensée économique » occidentale entre le Moyen Âge et la modernité, autrement dit entre lexveet lexviiie siècle. Selon cette perspective alternative, sur le plan formel, certains aspects de la science économique moderne (et, plus généralement, de la modernisation économique de l’Occident) résulteraient plutôt de l’incorporation et de la mise en œuvre systématique, durant l’époque moderne, de composants linguistiques/politiques hérités de la prémodernité. Ces composants consistent en des métaphores, des images et des allégories qui représentent la croissance ou la stagnation économique, de même que les asymétries économiques et les disparités sociales, comme participant d’un équilibre organique, fondé sur un ordre naturel ou providentiel. Ce système métaphorique de notions, ancré à l’origine dans une syntaxe conceptuelle issue du discours théologique, fut traduit en un langage qui, en convertissant les métaphores économiques en lois de l’économie, dissimulait leur sens historique et politique. L’imaginaire économique prémoderne pouvait alors être réactivé sous la forme d’une rhétorique qui représentait les asymétries économiques comme la conséquence naturelle et nécessaire d’un ordre économique rationnel et vérifiable.
Les indigènes de la République: Altérité, race et politique dans le Mexique post-révolutionnaire (années 1940-années 1950)
Authors: Robinet Romain 
Published: April 2020

RésumésDestiné à accélérer un processus de métissage prétendument à l’œuvre depuis la Conquête, l’indigénisme mexicain s’est donné pour buts successifs de favoriser la « fusion raciale » au sein de la population et de planifier l’« acculturation » des minorités indigènes. Mises en place durant les années 1930, 1940 et 1950, les premières politiques indigénistes, qu’elles fussent menées par le Département autonome des affaires indigènes, par le ministère de l’Éducation publique ou par l’Institut national indigéniste, visaient largement à « incorporer l’Indien à la civilisation ». Fruit d’une vision à la fois occidentale, progressiste et paternaliste, elles transformèrent, ce faisant, la catégorie raciale « indigène » en une catégorie politique légitime, axée sur un référentiel interaméricain. Plusieurs jeunes Mexicains ayant bénéficié des premiers « internats indigènes », lesquels se généralisèrent dans les années 1930, purent dès lors se considérer comme « indiens » ou « aborigènes », renverser le stigmate pesant sur eux et utiliser stratégiquement l’altérité comme une ressource politique. Cette contribution retrace ainsi l’histoire de cette génération qui mobilisa, durant les années 1940 et 1950, ses « frères de race » dans une série d’organisations dont la matrice fut la Confédération nationale des jeunes indigènes. Ces organisations structurèrent un mouvement national indien d’apparence massive, comptant plusieurs dizaines de milliers d’adhérents, qui chercha à la fois à exprimer publiquement des demandes socio-économiques, éducatives et sanitaires et à s’intégrer au Parti révolutionnaire institutionnel, comme un « secteur » officiel, défini de manière raciale.
Numerical study of active galactic nucleus feedback in an elliptical galaxy with MACER
Authors: Yuan Feng , Ostriker Jeremiah P. , Yoon DooSoo , Li Ya-Ping , Ciotti Luca , Gan Zhao-Ming , Ho Luis C. , Guo Fulai 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper summarizes our recent works of studying AGN feedback in an isolated elliptical galaxy by performing high-resolution hydrodynamical numerical simulations. Bondi radius is resolved and the mass accretion rate of the black hole is calculated. The most updated AGN physics, namely the discrimination of cold and hot accretion modes and the exact descriptions of the AGN radiation and wind for a given accretion rate are adopted and their interaction with the gas in the host galaxy is calculated. Physical processes such as star formation and SNe feedback are taken into account. Consistent with observation, we find the AGN spends most of the time in the low-luminosity regime. AGN feedback overall suppresses the star formation; but depending on location in the galaxy and time, it can also enhance it. The light curve of specific star formation rate is not synchronous with the AGN light curve. These results put a serious challenge to the observational test of the relation between AGN activity and star formation. We find that wind usually plays a dominant role in controlling the AGN luminosity and star formation, but radiation also cannot be neglected.
A jet proper motion study in the early Universe
Authors: Perger Krisztina , Frey Sándor , Gabányi Krisztina É. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe constrained the jet proper motion of PMN J2134–0419 at z = 4.33 to μ = 0.035±0.023mas yr−1 using very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). This is the second most distant source where such a measurement could be made. Another distant blazar SDSS J1026+2542 (z = 5.27) shows jet component proper motions up to μ = 0.112 ± 0.031 mas yr−1. In both cases, the measured values are consistent with the expectations of current ΛCDM cosmological models.
Simulations of the W50-SS433 system
Authors: Millas Dimitrios , Porth Oliver , Keppens Rony 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSupernovae and astrophysical jets are two of the most energetic and intriguing objects in the universe. We examine an interesting scenario that involves the interaction of these two extreme phenomena, motivated by observations of the W50-SS433 system: a jet launched from the microquasar SS433 (an X-ray binary) located inside a supernova remnant, W50. These observations revealed a unique morphology of the remnant, attributed to the presence of the jet. We performed full 3D relativistic hydrodynamic simulations to better capture the interaction between the remnant and the jet and post-processed the data with a radiative transfer code to create emission maps.
Complex Sentences in an Elementary Science Curriculum: A Research Note
Authors: Curran Maura 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
Elementary school students are expected to participate in science learning settings that place high demands on skill with certain types of grammatical structures, including complex sentences. This research note aims to clarify the types of complex sentences that are evident in a general education science curriculum across the elementary school years in order to assist clinicians and others in better understanding the specific language demands of science learning in the classroom.

Method
I analyzed all sentences within children's texts and suggested teacher scripting from the first-, third-, and fifth-grade science units of a commonly used general education curriculum aligned to the Next Generation Science Standards. We determined the frequency and type of complex sentences that were present for each type of material (text, teacher scripts) and grade level.

Results
Complex sentences are evident in both children's texts and suggested scripting provided to teachers at all grade levels. The rate of complex sentences in children's readings is higher in third- and fifth-grade texts than in first-grade texts. Complement clauses are common throughout, and adverbial and relative clauses are more frequent in third- and fifth-grade texts than in first-grade texts.

Conclusions
Children are expected to read and listen to complex sentences across the elementary school years. Speech-language pathologists should be aware of the language demands that general education science curricula may pose to students at different ages.