bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the short-term outcomes between totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy and laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liao Gang , Wang Ziwei , Zhang Wei , Qian Kun , Mariella MAC Sandrie , Li Hui , Huang Zhen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background:
Totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG) and laparoscopic-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG) are two common surgical approaches for upper and middle gastric cancer. Which surgical approach offers more advantages is still controversial due to a lack of evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This meta-analysis was conducted to compare the short-term outcomes between the two surgical approaches.

Methods:
A systematic literature search was performed to evaluate short-term outcomes between TLTG and LATG, including overall postoperative complications, anastomosis-related complications, time for anastomosis, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, harvested lymph nodes, proximal margin, distal margin, time to first flatus, time to first diet, and postoperative hospital stay. Short-term outcomes were pooled and compared by meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3. Mean differences (MDs) or risk ratios (RRs) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). P < .05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 9 cohort studies fulfilled the selection criteria. The total sample included 1671 cases. The meta-analysis showed no significant difference between the two surgical approaches in overall postoperative complications (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.82 to 1.26, P = .87),anastomosis-related complications (RR = 0.64, 95%CI = 0.39 to 1.03, P = .06),time for anastomosis (MD = −5.13, 95% CI = −10.54 to 0.27, P = .06),operation time (MD = −10.68, 95% CI = −23.62 to 2.26, P = .11), intraoperative blood loss (MD = −25.58, 95% CI = −61.71 to 10.54, P = .17), harvested lymph nodes (MD = 1.61, 95% CI = −2.09 to 5.31, P = .39), proximal margin (MD = −0.37, 95% CI = -0.78 to 0.05, P = .09), distal margin (MD = 0.79, 95% CI = −0.57 to 2.14, P = .25), time to first flatus (MD = 0.01, 95% CI = −0.13 to 0.15, P = .87), time to first diet (MD = −0.22, 95% CI = -0.45 to 0.02, P = .07), and postoperative hospital stay (MD = −0.51, 95% CI = −1.10 to 0.07, P = .09).

Conclusions:
TLTG is a safe and feasible surgical approach for upper and middle gastric cancer, with short-term outcomes that are similar to LATG. Nevertheless, high-quality, large-sample and multicenter RCTs are still required to further verify our conclusions.
Is Endoscopic Balloon Dilation Still Associated With Higher Rates of Pancreatitis?
Authors: Matsubayashi Carolina Ogawa , Ribeiro Igor Braga , de Moura Diogo Turiani Hourneaux , Brunaldi Vitor Ottoboni , Bernardo Wanderley Marques , Hathorn Kelly E. , de Moura Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD), endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES), and the combination of large balloon dilation and ES (ES + EPLBD) in the treatment of common bile duct stones, with a special focus on postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP). Individualized search strategies were developed in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which evaluated at least one of the following outcomes: PEP, complete stone removal in the first ERCP, need for mechanical lithotripsy, recurrence of common bile duct stones, bleeding, and cholangitis. Twenty-five RCTs were selected for analysis. Pancreatitis rates were higher for EPBD than for ES (P = 0.003), as were severe pancreatitis rates (P = 0.04). However, in the 10-mm or greater balloon subgroup analysis, this difference was not shown (P = 0.82). Rates of PEP were higher in the subgroup of non-Asian subjects (P = 0.02), and the results were not robust when RCTs that used endoscopic nasobiliary drainage were omitted. The incidence of pancreatitis was comparable between EPLBD and ES + EPLBD. All 3 approaches were equally efficacious. Nevertheless, the results should be interpreted with caution, because pancreatitis is a multifactorial pathology, and RCTs can have limited generalizability.
Glucagon‐like Peptide 2 Concentrations Vary in Zambian Children During Diarrhoea, in Malnutrition and Seasonally
Authors: Besa Ellen C. , Chandwe Kanta , Banda Rosemary , Munalula Likando , Kalomo Lydia , Amadi Beatrice , Kelly Paul 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTObjectives:Glucagon‐like peptide 2 (GLP‐2) is a 33 amino acid peptide hormone released from enteroendocrine L‐cells following nutrient ingestion. It has been shown to exert trophic effects on the gut. We set out to measure GLP‐2 concentrations in blood in children with diarrhoea and malnutrition.Methods:GLP‐2 levels were measured in blood samples collected from 5 different groups of children (n = 324) at different time points: those with acute diarrhoea, during illness and 3 weeks after recovery; persistent diarrhoea and severe acute malnutrition; controls contemporaneous for diarrhoea; stunted children from the community; and controls contemporaneous for the stunted children. Stool biomarkers and pathogen analysis were carried out on the children with stunting.Results:GLP‐2 concentrations were higher during acute diarrhoea (median 3.1 ng/mL, interquartile range 2.1, 4.4) than on recovery (median 1.8, interquartile range 1.4, 3.1; P = 0.001), but were not elevated in children with persistent diarrhoea and severe acute malnutrition. In stunted children, there was a progressive decline in GLP‐2 levels from 3.2 ng/mL (1.9, 4.9) to 1.0 (0.0, 2.0; P < 0.001) as the children became more stunted. Measures of seasonality (rainfall, temperature,Food Price Index, and Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli) were found to be significantly associated with GLP‐2 concentrations in multivariable analysis. We also found a correlation between stool inflammatory biomarkers and GLP‐2.Conclusions:In diarrhoea, GLP‐2 levels increased in acute but not persistent diarrhoea. Malnutrition was associated with reduced concentrations. GLP‐2 displayed seasonal variation consistent with variations in nutrient availability.
Viscosity of Commercial Food‐based Formulas and Home‐prepared Blenderized Feeds
Authors: Hron Bridget , Rosen Rachel 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTObjective:The aim of the study was to quantify the differences in viscosity of over a range of commercial food‐based formulas and home‐prepared blenderized feeds used for enteral feeding in the clinical management of gastroesophageal reflux and gastroesophageal reflux–related aspiration in children with oropharyngeal dysphagia.Methods:The viscosity of commercial and home blends was measured using digital rotational viscometer and International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative Syringe Flow Test. Additional testing was performed to determine the impact of added cereal, water flushes, and freezing/thawing on formula viscosity.Results:There were significant variations in viscosity between commercial blends with values ranging from extremely to mildly thick by Syringe Flow Test. The highest centipoise (cP) value was 13,847 and the lowest 330 and 438 cP. Dilution of 240 mL of commercial blend with 30, 60, and 90 mL of water resulted in a decrease in viscosity of 31%, 62%, and 85%, respectively. Exposure to 1 freeze/thaw cycle decreased viscosity by as much as 59% to 80% depending on the blend. Thickening conventional pediatric formulas with rice or oatmeal did not achieve consistency equivalent to most blenderized feeds.Conclusions:Commercial food‐based formulas and home prepared blends vary greatly in viscosity, ranging from thin to extremely thick liquids, with the majority achieving viscosity greater than thickened formula. Viscosity is reduced by addition of free water and with freezing and thawing. These data can inform the clinical choice of feeding regimen depending on the goals of nutritional therapy.
Social Media Usage Among Nurses
Authors: Lefebvre Cedric , McKinney Kara , Glass Casey , Cline David , Franasiak Ryan , Husain Iltifat , Pariyadath Manoj , Roberson April , McLean Andrew , Stopyra Jason 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVE
This study aims to examine the existing perceptions and social media practices of nurses in a large academic medical center.

BACKGROUND
Limited data are available about the perceptions and social media practices among healthcare providers. An understanding of the social networking landscape within the nursing profession is necessary to inform policy and develop effective guidelines.

METHODS
This was a single-center prospective observational study involving nurses at a large academic medical center. Nurses completed an anonymous questionnaire regarding their personal use and perceptions of social media in the context of clinical medicine.

RESULTS
A total of 397 nurses participated in the study survey. Overall, 87% of participants reported using a general social media account currently. Increasing age was associated with decreasing frequency of social media use.

CONCLUSION
Social media usage is common among nurses. Social media perceptions and practices among nurses vary considerably. Well-informed policy and targeted education are needed to guide social media use among healthcare workers.
Brief Report: Sex Differences in Outcomes for Individuals Presenting for Third-Line Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Godfrey Catherine , Hughes Michael D. , Ritz Justin , Coelho Lara , Gross Robert , Salata Robert , Mngqibisa Rosie , Wallis Carole L. , Mumbi Makanga. E. , Matoga Mitch , Poongulali Selvamuthu , Van Schalkwyk Marije , Hogg Evelyn , Fletcher Courtney V. , Grinsztejn Beatriz , Collier Ann C. ,   on behalf of the A5288 team
Published: February 2020

Background:
Sex differences in studies of antiretroviral (ART) drug exposure and treatment outcomes support the hypothesis that some ART combinations may not be well tolerated in women. We evaluated disparities in outcomes between men and women participating in ACTG A5288, an interventional strategy trial for individuals failing a protease inhibitor–based second-line ART regimen in low- and middle-income countries.

Methods:
Participants were assigned to one of 4 cohorts (A-D) based on resistance profiles and ART history. Cohort A had no lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) resistance and stayed on their second-line regimen, and cohorts B, C, and D had increasing resistance and accessed novel ART regimens. In this secondary analysis, we evaluated sex differences in the primary endpoint, HIV-1 RNA ≤200 copies/mL at week 48; confirmed virologic failure ≥1000 copies/mL (VF); and clinical outcomes and adverse events (intent-to-treat).

Results:
Women made up 258/545 (47%) of the study population. More women than men were assigned to cohort A. Median follow-up was 72 weeks. Fewer women than men had HIV-1 RNA ≤200 copies/mL at week 48: 39% vs. 49% in cohort A and 83% vs. 89% in cohorts B, C, and D combined. More women experienced VF, grade ≥3 signs and symptoms, but similar grade ≥3 diagnoses or laboratory abnormalities.

Conclusions:
More women than men entered the study with a resistance profile suggesting that their second-line regimen could have been effective in maintaining virologic suppression. The more frequent occurrence of grade ≥3 signs and symptoms in women suggests that tolerability issues were under recognized in women on protease inhibitor–based therapy.
A Universal Protocol for Abdominal CT Examinations Performed on a Photon-Counting Detector CT System
Authors: Zhou Wei , Michalak Gregory J. , Weaver Jayse M. , Gong Hao , Yu Lifeng , McCollough Cynthia H. , Leng Shuai 
Published: February 2020

Objective
The aims of this study were to investigate the feasibility of using a universal abdominal acquisition protocol on a photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) system and to compare its performance to that of single-energy (SE) and dual-energy (DE) CT using energy-integrating detectors (EIDs).

Methods
Iodine inserts of various concentrations and sizes were embedded into different sizes of adult abdominal phantoms. Phantoms were scanned on a research PCD-CT and a clinical EID-CT with SE and DE modes. Virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) were generated from PCD-CT and DE mode of EID-CT. For each image type and phantom size, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was measured for each iodine insert and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for iodine detectability was calculated using a channelized Hotelling observer. The optimal energy (in kiloelectrovolt) of VMIs was determined separately as the one with highest CNR and the one with the highest AUC. The PCD-CT VMIs at the optimal energy were then compared with DE VMIs and SE images in terms of CNR and AUC.

Results
Virtual monoenergetic image at 50 keV had both the highest CNR and highest AUC for PCD-CT and DECT. For 1.0 mg I/mL iodine and 35 cm phantom, the CNRs of 50 keV VMIs from PCD-CT (2.01 ± 0.67) and DE (1.96 ± 0.52) were significantly higher (P < 0.001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test) than SE images (1.11 ± 0.35). The AUC of PCD-CT (0.98 ± 0.01) was comparable to SE (0.98 ± 0.01), and both were slightly lower than DE (0.99 ± 0.01, P < 0.01, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). A similar trend was observed for other phantom sizes and iodine concentrations.

Conclusions
Virtual monoenergetic images at a fixed energy from a universal acquisition protocol on PCD-CT demonstrated higher iodine CNR and comparable iodine detectability than SECT images, and similar performance compared with DE VMIs.
Incidental 18F-Fluorocholine Uptake in an Esophageal Diverticulum
Authors: Araz Mine , Cinel Murat , Soydal Cigdem , Ozkan Elgin , Kucuk N. Ozlem 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

18F-fluorocholine has recently emerged as a very sensitive agent for seeking parathyroid adenomas. We represent a case with esophageal diverticulum incidentally detected on 18F-fuorocholine PET/CT, which should be kept in mind as a reason of false positivity in primary hyperparathyroidism.
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in Recurrence Prostate Cancer. Should We Perform Delayed Image in Cases of Negative 60 Minutes Postinjection Examination?
Authors: Kunikowska Jolanta , Kujda Szymon , Królicki Leszek 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We report a case of a 59-year-old man with prostate adenocarcinoma, Gleason score 9 after prostatectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. The patient showed biochemical recurrence. On standard 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT examination, 60 minutes postinjection, the PET/CT images showed only trace accumulation in the ureters. To identify lesions close to the ureters, imaging of the pelvis was performed 2 hours postinjection. The delayed image showed clearly visible increased uptake in a right internal iliac lymph node that was normal-sized by CT. The patient underwent radiotherapy with planning based on the 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT image. Follow-up testing showed prostate-specific antigen level reduction to 0.04 ng/mL.
The Current Status of the Autologous Fat Grafting for Pediatric Craniofacial Patients
Authors: Anderson Casey , Hamidian Jahromi Alireza , Miller Emily J. , Konofaos Petros 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Since its first introduction, autologous fat grafting (AFG) has undergone multiple refinements and has become a common treatment option within plastic surgery. It is a safe, quick, economical, and minimally invasive method for volume augmentation and is finding its own indications in the pediatric craniofacial surgery patients. Because there is currently a paucity of literature regarding the use of AFG in the pediatric population compared with the adults, the authors performed a systematic review of the literature using PubMed, Cochrane Library databases, and the Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery using the terms of fat grafting/lipofilling, fat grafting, and craniofacial surgery to include articles that contained pediatric patients. While reviewing AFG in the pediatric craniofacial patients, indications, technique, and challenges were specifically evaluated and an algorithm of approach was proposed. In current practice, the choice of microvascular free flap versus AFG is one of the surgeon preferences on a case-by-case basis. With the low complication rate and ease of use, selection of AFG for the repair of soft tissue defects in pediatric craniofacial patients is increasing and may come to surpass use of traditional invasive methods such as free flaps. It should also be considered as a useful adjunct to other concurrent invasive procedures, that is, bony adjustments.
Anais Cerci Forceps: A Novel Instrument for Shaping the Nasal Dome Before Transdomal Suture Placement
Authors: Çerçi Özkan Aret 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
One of the most important components of an attractive nasal tip is the cephalocaudally conical form of the dome at the sagittal plane. With respect to this fact, the author tried to design a new forceps which holds the dome in a convex shape on a transverse plane and cephalocaudally conical in shape on the sagittal plane. Before grasping the dome in the desired position with Anais Cerci forceps, some degree of lateral steal is suggested and can be performed to increase the tip rotation and projection. With the help of its specific shape and template forming function, this novel instrument may also help to prevent the excess strain of transdomal suture which is crucially important to prevent the formation of pinching. This newly designed forceps can also help to provide the opportunity of the required acute angle between two domes. Slight oblique grasping of the dome reciprocally provides nice acute angle between 2 domes. Additionally, this forceps may also help to provide formation of symmetrically and reciprocally designed dome curvatures. In several secondary rhinoplasty cases with highly destroyed lower lateral cartilages, septal, auricular or costal cartilages are used for alar reconstruction. Mimicking the lower lateral cartilage anatomy from a straight cartilage graft piece is not an easy way of restoration. In such cases, Anais Cerci forceps may facilitate reshaping of the dome from an amorphous cartilage graft.
Cephalometric and Anthropometric Changes and Their Relation to Patients’ Satisfaction After Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Geramy Allahyar , Sheikhzade Sedighe , Nazarifar Arezoo Mazaheri 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the correlation between cephalometric and anthropometric facial changes and satisfaction level of class III patients after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.

Methods and materials:
Totally, 29 class III patients (mean age = 24.23 ± 4.2) undergoing one-piece Lefort 1 osteotomy and mandibular setback were included. Pre- and postoperative lateral cephalograms were taken. Thirteen cephalometric and 17 anthropometric facial measurements were evaluated. A 6-item questionnaire of Rustemeyer's study was used to assess patient's satisfaction after surgery. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test, paired sample t test and Spearman's correlation analysis were used as statistical analysis.

Results:
Facial aesthetic and masticatory improvement was highly significant (P < 0.001), while opinion differences between patients and relatives/friends were not significant (P = 0.334). Increased upper lip length (P = 0.037) and decreased nasal tip protrusion-nose height index (P = 0.017) correlated positively with aesthetic improvements after surgery.

Conclusion:
Although the association between parameters and satisfaction questionnaire was found, other influential factors should be considered before surgery as well.
Panfacial Fractures Management
Authors: Koraitim Mohamed 
Published: February 2020

Introduction:
Panfacial fracture represent a challenge for maxillofacial surgeons due to paucity of useful landmark and stable bone that can be used for fixation. Nowadays, with the availability of rigid and semi rigid fixations, understanding of the importance of the facial buttresses, bone grafting, and early intervention, the functional and cosmetic outcomes showed a significant improvement. Many treatment sequences exist in the literature including top to bottom, bottom to top, lateral to medial, and medial to lateral approach.

Aim of the Study:
To evaluate the outcome of “bottom to top, lateral to medial” sequence that we used in the management of panfacial fractures in term of function and cosmesis.

Patients and Methods:
This study included 73 patients with panfacial fractures admitted to the Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery Department, Alexandria University.

Results:
Most of the patients (n = 52, 71.23%) were aged between 21 and 40 years old. 83.56% (n = 61) of patients were male. Road traffic accidents was the most common cause of trauma (n = 57). The most common site involved in panfacial fracture was the middle and lower third (58%). The common complication observed was malocclusion (n = 6). Of these, 5 patients had minor malocclusion that was corrected orthodontically and only one patient required surgical intervention.

Conclusion:
The “bottom to top, lateral to medial" sequence for reduction and fixation of panfacial fractures is reliable with satisfactory results in term of function and cosmesis.
Reconstruction of Hair-Bearing Areas
Authors: Kilinc Hidir , Algan Mehmet Fatih 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Hair-bearing areas reconstruction is a difficult field because of limited donor area. Various techniques have been described for hair-bearing areas reconstruction, but the choice of the flap is variable depending on surgeons and patients. In this study, the authors present 7 patients who underwent soft tissue reconstruction with the pedicled superficial temporal artery-based flaps in the hair-bearing areas. No postoperative complications like bleeding, flap congestion, wound dehiscence, and flap necrosis were observed. This flap can be an alternative to the other methods because it is compatible with the face by the flap color and thickness, it can be easily harvested, it has a reliable circulation and minimum donor site scar.
Bilateral Cephalohematoma With Sagittal Synostosis and Scaphocephaly
Authors: Kopacz Avery , Nagy Laszlo , Demke Joshua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Inappropriate fusion of the cranial sutures leads to craniosynostosis and the subsequent skull rigidity can cause many developmental and structural problems. Cephalohematoma is a subperiosteal collection of blood commonly associated with birth trauma or instrument-assisted delivery and is one of the most frequently reported fetal injuries in Caesarian section procedures. There have been very few cases reported of patients with both scaphocephaly due to sagittal craniosynostosis and cephalohematoma and no reports of scaphocephaly with bilateral cephalohematoma as of the date of this report. The current literature suggests that the two conditions are potentially associated, either through mechanical pathways involving trauma or through a complex interplay of growth factors. The authors present a case of bilateral cephalohematoma with scaphocephaly secondary to progressive sagittal craniosynostosis.