bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in coupled carbon‒nitrogen dynamics in a tundra ecosystem predate post-1950 regional warming
Authors: Anderson N. John , Engstrom Daniel R. , Leavitt Peter R. , Flood Sarah M. , Heathcote Adam J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractArctic ecosystems are changing in response to recent rapid warming, but the synergistic effects of other environmental drivers, such as moisture and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, are difficult to discern due to limited monitoring records. Here we use geochemical analyses of 210Pb-dated lake-sediment cores from the North Slope of Alaska to show that changes in landscape nutrient dynamics started over 130 years ago. Lake carbon burial doubled between 1880 and the late-1990s, while current rates (~10 g C m−2 yr−1) represent about half the CO2 emission rate for tundra lakes. Lake C burial reflects increased aquatic production, stimulated initially by nutrients from terrestrial ecosystems due to late-19th century moisture-driven changes in soil microbial processes and, more recently, by atmospheric reactive N deposition. These results highlight the integrated response of Arctic carbon cycling to global environmental stressors and the degree to which C–N linkages were altered prior to post-1950 regional warming.
Genomic characteristics and profile of microsatellite primers for Acanthogobius ommaturus by genome survey sequencing
Authors: Chen Bingjie , Sun Zhicheng , Lou Fangrui , Gao Tian-xiang , Song Na 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Acanthogobius ommaturus is one of the suitable species to study the genetic mechanism of adaptive evolution, but there are few reports on its genetics. In the present study, the genomic survey sequencing method was used to analyze the genome characters of A. ommaturus. A total of 50.50 G high-quality sequence data were obtained in the present study. From the 19-mer distribution frequency, the estimated genome size was 928.01 Mb. The calculated sequence repeat rate was about 38.31%, the heterozygosity was approximately 0.17%, and the GC% content was approximately 40.88%. Moreover, 475,724 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. Among them, dinucleotide repeats were the most (53.70% of the total SSRs), followed by tri- (35.36%), hexa- (4.59%), tetra- (4.57%) and penta- (1.77%) nucleotide repeats type. This is the first genome-wide feature of this species to be reported.
Potential role of extracellular vesicles in the pathophysiology of glomerular diseases
Authors: Li Xia-Qing , Lerman Lilach O. , Meng Yu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles released by most cells and are found in diverse biological fluids. The release of EVs provides a new mechanism for intercellular communication, allowing cells to transfer their functional cargoes to target cells. Glomerular diseases account for a large proportion of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. In recent years, an increasing number of research groups have focused their effort on identifying the functional role of EVs in renal diseases. However, the involvement of EVs in the pathophysiology of glomerular diseases has not been comprehensively described and discussed. In this review, we first briefly introduce the characteristics of EVs. Then, we describe the involvement of EVs in the mechanisms underlying glomerular diseases, including immunological and fibrotic processes. We also discuss what functions EVs derived from different kidney cells have in glomerular diseases and how EVs exert their effects through different signaling pathways. Furthermore, we summarize recent advances in the knowledge of EV involvement in the pathogenesis of various glomerular diseases. Finally, we propose future research directions for identifying better management strategies for glomerular diseases.
Vinpocetine protects against the development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Zhang Chongyang , Hsu Chia George , Mohan Amy , Shi Hangchuan , Li Dongmei , Yan Chen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), commonly occurring in the aged population, is a degenerative disease that dilate and weaken infrarenal aorta due to progressive degeneration of aortic wall integrity. Vinpocetine, a derivative of alkaloid vincamine, has long been used for cerebrovascular disorders and cognitive impairment in the aged population. Recent studies have indicated that vinpocetine antagonizes occlusive vascular disorders such as intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. However, its role in vascular degenerative disease AAA remains unexplored. Herein, we determined the effect of vinpocetine on the formation of AAA as well as the intervention of pre-existing moderate AAA. AAA was induced by periaortic elastase application in C57BL/6J mice. Systemic vinpocetine treatment was applied daily via intraperitoneal injection. We showed that vinpocetine pre-treatment remarkably attenuated aneurysmal dilation assessed by diameter and volume. More importantly, vinpocetine also significantly suppressed the progression of pre-existing moderate AAA in a post-intervention model. Vinpocetine improved multiple cellular and molecular changes associated with AAA, such as elastin degradation, media smooth muscle cell depletion, collagen fibers remodeling and macrophage infiltration in aneurysmal tissues. Vinpocetine potently suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α-induced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells activation and proinflammatory mediator expression in primary cultured macrophages in vitro, as well as in the aorta wall in vivo, suggesting vinpocetine conferred anti-AAA effect at least partially via the inhibition of inflammation. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel role of vinpocetine in AAA formation, development and progression. Given the excellent safety profile of vinpocetine, the present study suggests vinpocetine may be a novel therapeutic agent for AAA prevention and treatment.
fiddle: a tool to combat publication bias by getting research out of the file drawer and into the scientific community
Authors: Bernard René , Weissgerber Tracey L. , Bobrov Evgeny , Winham Stacey J. , Dirnagl Ulrich , Riedel Nico 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Statistically significant findings are more likely to be published than non-significant or null findings, leaving scientists and healthcare personnel to make decisions based on distorted scientific evidence. Continuously expanding ´file drawers’ of unpublished data from well-designed experiments waste resources creates problems for researchers, the scientific community and the public. There is limited awareness of the negative impact that publication bias and selective reporting have on the scientific literature. Alternative publication formats have recently been introduced that make it easier to publish research that is difficult to publish in traditional peer reviewed journals. These include micropublications, data repositories, data journals, preprints, publishing platforms, and journals focusing on null or neutral results. While these alternative formats have the potential to reduce publication bias, many scientists are unaware that these formats exist and don’t know how to use them. Our open source file drawer data liberation effort (fiddle) tool (RRID:SCR_017327 available at: http://s-quest.bihealth.org/fiddle/) is a match-making Shiny app designed to help biomedical researchers to identify the most appropriate publication format for their data. Users can search for a publication format that meets their needs, compare and contrast different publication formats, and find links to publishing platforms. This tool will assist scientists in getting otherwise inaccessible, hidden data out of the file drawer into the scientific community and literature. We briefly highlight essential details that should be included to ensure reporting quality, which will allow others to use and benefit from research published in these new formats.
Solar east-west flow correlations that persist for months at low latitudes are dominated by active region inflows
Authors: Hanson Chris S. , Duvall Thomas L. , Birch Aaron C. , Gizon Laurent , Sreenivasan Katepalli R. 
Published: October 2020

Context. Giant-cell convection is believed to be an important component of solar dynamics. For example, it is expected to play a crucial role in maintaining the Sun’s differential rotation.
Aims. We reexamine early reports of giant convective cells detected using a correlation analysis of Dopplergrams. We extend this analysis using 19 years of space- and ground-based observations of near-surface horizontal flows.
Methods. Flow maps are derived through the local correlation tracking of granules and helioseismic ring-diagram analysis. We compute temporal auto-correlation functions of the east-west flows at fixed latitude.
Results. Correlations in the east-west velocity can be clearly seen up to five rotation periods. The signal consists of features with longitudinal wavenumbers up to m = 9 at low latitudes. Comparison with magnetic images indicates that these flow features are associated with magnetic activity. The signal is not seen above the noise level during solar minimum.
Conclusions. Our results show that the long-term correlations in east-west flows at low latitudes are predominantly due to inflows into active regions and not to giant convective cells.
TITAN-Studie – Evaluation von Apalutamid bei Patienten mit metastasiertem hormonsensitivem Prostatakarzinom
Authors: Merseburger Axel S. , Suttmann Henrik 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie TITAN-Studie zum Vergleich von Apalutamid plus ADT mit Placebo plus ADT in einer breiten, sog. „all-comers“ Patientenpopulation mit metastasiertem hormonsensitivem Prostatakarzinom (mHSPC) erreichte bereits bei der ersten geplanten Interimsanalyse beide koprimären Endpunkte rPFS und OS 1. Nach einer medianen Nachbeobachtungszeit von 22,7 Monaten war das radiographische Progressionsrisiko um 52 % statistisch signifikant reduziert (p < 0,001) 1. Dabei war der rPFS-Vorteil in allen Subgruppen und unabhängig von der Tumorlast oder einer Docetaxel-Vorbehandlung zu beobachten 1. Die OS-Interimsanalyse zeigte statistisch signifikant ein um 33 % verringertes Mortalitätsrisiko zugunsten von Apalutamid plus ADT (p = 0,0053) 1. Signifikant verbessert waren auch der sekundäre Endpunkt Zeit bis zur zytotoxischen Chemotherapie (p < 0,0001) sowie die explorativen Endpunkte Zeit bis zur PSA-Progression und PFS2, definiert als Zeit zwischen Randomisierung und der zweiten Progression bzw. Tod unter der ersten Folgetherapie 1
2. Apalutamid wurde von den Patienten insgesamt gut vertragen. Neben einem erhöhten Auftreten von Apalutamid-typischen Hautausschlägen und Hypothyreose wurde in TITAN im Vergleich zu Placebo keine relevante Zunahme anderer Nebenwirkungen von speziellem Interesse wie Fatigue, Stürze und Frakturen beobachtet, und auch die Lebensqualität blieb erhalten 1. Damit kann Apalutamid plus ADT bei einer All-comers-Population mit mHSPC eine effektive und gut verträgliche neue Therapieoption darstellen.
Übersicht und aktuelle Empfehlung zur Therapie des Rhinophyms
Authors: Huseynov Jamal , Mozet Christian 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungAls Rhinophym wird eine benigne Hautveränderung der äußeren Nase bezeichnet, die durch eine Hypertrophie der Talgdrüsen gekennzeichnet ist. Betroffen sind meistens männliche Kaukasier zwischen der 5. und 7. Lebensdekade. Die Ätiologie der Erkrankung ist bisher nicht vollständig geklärt, sie wird jedoch als Spätstadium der Acne rosacea betrachtet. Ein äthyltoxischer Zusammenhang, wie bisher vermutet wurde, ist bis dato nicht belegt worden. Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über mögliche operative und konservative Therapieansätze. Die chirurgische Therapie stellt dabei den Goldstandard dar. Dabei erweist sich der Einsatz der Elektroschlinge zur subtilen Resektion und die Verwendung der monopolaren Kugel zur Feinmodulation als besonders vorteilhaft. Aufgrund einer möglichen Koinzidenz des Basalzell- oder Plattenepithelkarzinoms im Rhinophymgewebe, erscheint eine histopathologische Aufarbeitung des abgetragenen Gewebes sinnvoll.
Trabecular Bone is Increased in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Mujica Lady Katerine Serrano , Glanzner Werner Giehl , Prante Amanda Luiza , Rissi Vitor Braga , Correa Gabrielle Rebeca Everling , Premaor Melissa Orlandin , Antoniazzi Alfredo Quites , Gonçalves Paulo Bayard Dias , Comim Fabio Vasconcellos 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in an intricate disorder characterized by reproductive and metabolic abnormalities that may affect bone quality and strength along with the lifespan. The present study analysed the impact of postnatal androgenization (of a single dose of testosterone propionate 1.25 mg subcutaneously at day 5 of life) on bone development and markers of bone metabolism in adult female Wistar rats. Compared with healthy controls, the results of measurements of micro-computed tomography (microCT) of the distal femur of androgenized rats indicated an increased cortical bone volume voxel bone volume to total volume (VOX BV/TV) and higher trabecular number (Tb.n) with reduced trabecular separation (Tb.sp). A large magnitude effect size was observed in the levels of circulating bone formation Procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) at day 60 of life; reabsorption cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) markers were similar between the androgenized and control rats at days 60 and 110 of life. The analysis of gene expression in bone indicated elements for an increased bone mass such as the reduction of the Dickkopf-1 factor (Dkk1) a negative regulator of osteoblast differentiation (bone formation) and the reduction of Interleukin 1-b (Il1b), an activator of osteoclast differentiation (bone reabsorption). Results from this study highlight the possible role of the developmental programming on bone microarchitecture with reference to young women with PCOS.
BF3·OEt2-Catalyzed Rearrangement of Epoxy-Himachalenes: Access to New Biosourced N-Acetamide-Based Himachalenes
Authors: Ait El Had Mustapha , Oukhrib Abdelouahd , Zaki Mohamed , Taourirte Moha , Benharref Ahmed , Urrutigoïty Martine 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBiosourced N-acetamide-based himachalenes were synthesized by Lewis acid catalyzed rearrangement of epoxy-himachalene derived from α-cis- and β-himachalenes, the main component of essential oil of Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica). Several new chiral polycyclic N-acetamide compounds were obtained with different selectivities depending on the acid used. Among the Lewis acids used, BF3·OEt2 under catalytic and mild conditions is efficient and selective affording the formation of chiral N-acetamides in good yields. Otherwise, using acetonitrile as solvent and reagent was proved as an efficient tool giving access to new N-acetamide-based himachalenes. A mechanism to explain the formation of the different compounds observed in the reaction mixture has also been proposed.
Palladium-Catalyzed C6-Selective C–H Acylation of 2-Pyridones
Authors: Yu Chuanming , Chen Zhiwei , Zhang Lei , Zhao Danxia , Hu Gangao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA versatile palladium-catalyzed C6-selective C–H acylation of 2-pyridones with commercially available aldehydes using TBHP as an oxidant has been developed. This protocol tolerated diverse functional groups and has excellent level of site selectivity. Moreover, it does not require silver salts as additives.
Interpeduncular Heterotopia and Brain Stem Cleft: An Isolated Finding Not Associated with Joubert Syndrome
Authors: Sahap Seda Kaynak , Ucan Berna , Keskin Derya Bako , Goktas Ozben Akinci , Fitoz Suat 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInterpeduncular heterotopia is a new neuroimaging finding reported in association with Joubert syndrome (JS) in a few cases in the literature. Nodular interpeduncular tissue was termed as interpeduncular heterotopia and anterior mesencephalic cap dysplasia in the literature in relation to gray and white matter content. We described the imaging findings and diffusion tensor imaging data of a case with interpeduncular heterotopia and brain stem cleft. This is the first case, in which interpeduncular heterotopia was an isolated finding not associated with JS.
Gait and Knee Flexion In Vivo Kinematics of Asymmetric Tibial Polyethylene Geometry Cruciate Retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Klemt Christian , Drago John , Oganesyan Ruben , Smith Evan J. , Yeo Ingwon , Kwon Young-Min 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe preservation of the posterior cruciate ligament in cruciate retaining (CR) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) designs has the potential to restore healthy knee biomechanics; however, concerns related to kinematic asymmetries during functional activities still exist in unilateral TKA patients. As there is a limited data available regarding the ability of the contemporary CR TKA design with concave medial and convex lateral tibial polyethylene bearing components to restore healthy knee biomechanics, this study aimed to investigate in vivo three-dimensional knee kinematics in CR TKA patients during strenuous knee flexion activities and gait. Using a combined computer tomography and dual fluoroscopic imaging system approach, in vivo kinematics of 15 unilateral CR TKA patients (comparison of replaced and contralateral nonreplaced knee) were evaluated during sit-to-stand, step-ups, single-leg deep lunge, and level walking. The patient cohort was followed-up at an average of 24.5 months ( ± 12.6, range 13–42) from surgical procedure. Significantly smaller internal knee rotation angles were observed for the contemporary CR TKA design during step-ups (2.6 ± 5.8 vs. 6.3 ± 6.6 degrees, p < 0.05) and gait (0.6 ± 4.6 vs. 6.3 ± 6.8 degrees, p < 0.05). Significantly larger proximal and anterior femoral translations were measured during sit-to-stand (34.7 ± 4.5 vs. 29.9 ± 3.1 mm, p < 0.05; –2.5 ± 2.9 vs. –8.1 ± 4.4 mm, p < 0.05) and step-ups (34.1 ± 4.5 vs. 30.8 ± 2.9 mm, p < 0.05; 2.2 ± 3.2 vs. –3.5 ± 4.5 mm, p < 0.05). Significantly smaller ranges of varus/valgus and internal/external rotation range of motion were observed for CR TKA, when compared with the nonoperated nee, during strenuous activities and gait. The preservation of the posterior cruciate ligament in the contemporary asymmetric bearing geometry CR TKA design with concave medial and convex lateral tibial polyethylene bearing components has the potential to restore healthy knee biomechanics; however, the study findings demonstrate that native knee kinematics were not fully restored in patients with unilateral asymmetric tibial polyethylene bearing geometry CR TKA during functional activities.
Gross Motor Function in Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome
Authors: Takahasi Eliana Harumi Morioka , Alves Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto , Ribeiro Marizélia Rodrigues Costa , Souza Valéria Ferreira Pereira , Simões Vanda Maria Ferreira , Borges Marcella Costa Ribeiro , Amaral Gláucio Andrade , Gomes Lillian Nunes , Khouri Ricardo , da Silva Sousa Patricia , Silva Antônio Augusto Moura da 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Little information on gross motor function of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) children is available.
Objectives To evaluate gross motor function in CZS children aged up to 3 years, and its associated factors and changes in a minimum interval of 6 months.
Methods One hundred children with CZS and cerebral palsy (36 with confirmed and 64 with presumed CZS) were evaluated with the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88/GMFM-66). Forty-six were reevaluated. Wilcoxon tests, Wilcoxon tests for paired samples, percentile scores, and score changes were performed.
Results Clinical and socioeconomic characteristics (except maternal age), GMFM scores and GMFCS classification of confirmed and probable cases, which were analyzed together, were similar. The mean age was 25.6 months (±5.5); the median GMFM-88 score was 8.0 (5.4–10.8); and the median GMFM-66 score was 20.5 (14.8–23.1); 89% were classified as GMFCS level V. Low economic class, microcephaly at birth, epilepsy, and brain parenchymal volume loss were associated with low GMFM-66 scores. The median GMFM-66 percentile score was 40 (20–55). On the second assessment, the GMFM-66 scores in two GMFCS level I children and one GMFCS level IV child improved significantly. In one GMFCS level III child, one GMFCS level IV child, and the group of GMFCS level V children, no significant changes were observed.
Conclusions Almost all CZS children had severe cerebral palsy; in the third year of life, most presented no improvement in gross motor function and were likely approaching their maximal gross motor function potential.
Domain modulation in LiNbO3 films using litho piezoresponse force microscopy
Authors: Qiao Xiaojun , Geng Wenping , Zheng Dongwan , Ren Jing , Sun Yao , Yang Yun , Bi Kaixi , Chou Xiujian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Domain engineering plays a pivotal role in the development of ferroelectric non-volatile memory devices. In this work, we mainly focus on the domain kinetic in ion-sliced single crystal LiNbO3 thin films under tip-induced electric fields using piezoresponse force microscope (PFM). Polarization reversal takes place when the electric fields are above threshold value (coercive voltage V
c) of films. Besides, the dependence of domain dynamic on pulse duration and amplitude were investigated in detail, and specific local domain reversal (5 μm) was completed by the optimized poling condition. All the results reveal that tip-induced polarization reversal could be an effective way to domain engineering, which gives much more promising prospects regarding to the high density non-volatile ferroelectric memory devices.
Oscillatory orbits in the restricted planar four body problem
Authors: Seara Tere M , Zhang Jianlu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The restricted planar four body problem describes the motion of a massless body under the Newtonian gravitational force of other three bodies (the primaries), and the motion of the primaries gives us general solutions of the three body problem. A trajectory is called oscillatory if it goes arbitrarily faraway but returns infinitely many times to the same bounded region. We prove the existence of such type of trajectories provided the primaries evolve in suitable periodic orbits.
Failure criteria for real-time assessment of ductile cast irons subjected to various loading conditions
Authors: D’Angela Danilo , Ercolino Marianna , Bellini Costanzo , Di Cocco Vittorio , Iacoviello Francesco 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The paper presents an innovative approach for the damage assessment of ductile cast irons (DCIs) by using a probabilistic-based methodology. The study is based on the experimental results of acoustic emissions (AEs) tests performed on pearlitic DCIs subjected to both monotonic and fatigue tensile loading. The information entropy of the AEs data is confirmed to be well correlated to both the damage progress and the occurrence of the incipient failure. Robust failure criteria are finally provided for real-time assessment in structural health monitoring applications.