bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing central vein catheterization complications with a focused educational program: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hanauer Laryssa P. T. , Comerlato Pedro H. , Papke Afonso , Butzke Marina , Daga Andressa , Hoffmeister Mariana C. , Boniatti Marcio M. , John Josiane F. , Schaan Beatriz D. , Rados Dimitris V. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCentral venous catheters (CVCs) are frequently used, but the rate of complications is high. This study evaluates the effects of a short training program for CVC insertion in a university-based teaching hospital. A sample of adults with CVCs inserted outside the intensive care unit was selected from two academic years: 2015, year without structured training, and 2016, year with structured training. Clinical and laboratory information, as well as the procedure’s characteristics and complications (mechanical and infectious) were collected. The incidence of complications before and after the training was compared. A total of 1502 punctures were evaluated. Comparing the pre- and post-training period, there was an increase in the choice for jugular veins and the use of ultrasound. A numerical reduction in the rate of complications was identified (RR 0.732; 95% CI 0.48–1.12; P = 0.166). This difference was driven by a statistically significant lower rate of catheter-related infections (RR 0.78; 95% CI 0.64–0.95; P = 0.047). In the multivariate analysis, aspects regarding technique (ultrasound use, multiple punctures) and year of training were associated with outcomes. Structured training reduces the rate of complications related to CVC insertion, especially regarding infections.
Clinical characteristics and survival analysis in critical and non-critical patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a single-center retrospective case control study
Authors: Tian Ran , Wu Wei , Wang Chunyao , Pang Haiyu , Zhang Zhiyu , Xu Haopeng , Luo Qingfeng , Gao Peng , Shi Jihua , Li Wenbin , Qian Hao , Guo Fan , Li Taisheng , Liu Zhengyin , Wang Jinglan , Zhou Xiang , Qin Yan , Yan Xiaowei , Zhang Shuyang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSince the outbreak of COVID-19 in China at the end of 2019, the world has experienced a large-scale epidemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2. The epidemiological and clinical course of COVID-19 patients has been reported, but there have been few analyses about the characteristics, predictive risk factors, and outcomes of critical patients. In this single-center retrospective case–control study, 90 adult inpatients hospitalized at Tongji Hospital (Wuhan, China) were included. Demographic, clinical, laboratory tests, and treatment data were obtained and compared between critical and non-critical patients. We found that compared with non-critical patients, the critical patients had higher SOFA score and qSOFA scores. Critical patients had lower lymphocyte and platelet count, elevated D-dimer, decreased fibrinogen, and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and interleukin-6(IL-6). More critical patients received treatment including antibiotics, anticoagulation, corticosteroid, and oxygen therapy than non-critical ones. Multivariable regression showed higher qSOFA score and elevation of IL-6 were related to critical patients. Antibiotic usage and anticoagulation were associated with decreased in-hospital mortality. And critical grouping contributed greatly to in-hospital death. Critical COVID-19 patients have a more severe clinical course. qSOFA score and elevation of IL-6 are risk factors for critical condition. Non-critical grouping, positive antibiotic application, and anticoagulation may be beneficial for patient survival.
Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: radiomic machine-learning classifiers from multiparametric MR images for determination of HPV infection status
Authors: Suh Chong Hyun , Lee Kyung Hwa , Choi Young Jun , Chung Sae Rom , Baek Jung Hwan , Lee Jeong Hyun , Yun Jihye , Ham Sungwon , Kim Namkug 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe investigated the ability of machine-learning classifiers on radiomics from pre-treatment multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to accurately predict human papillomavirus (HPV) status in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). This retrospective study collected data of 60 patients (48 HPV-positive and 12 HPV-negative) with newly diagnosed histopathologically proved OPSCC, who underwent head and neck MRIs consisting of axial T1WI, T2WI, CE-T1WI, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The median age was 59 years (the range being 35 to 85 years), and 83.3% of patients were male. The imaging data were randomised into a training set (32 HPV-positive and 8 HPV-negative OPSCC) and a test set (16 HPV-positive and 4 HPV-negative OPSCC) in each fold. 1618 quantitative features were extracted from manually delineated regions-of-interest of primary tumour and one definite lymph node in each sequence. After feature selection by using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), three different machine-learning classifiers (logistic regression, random forest, and XG boost) were trained and compared in the setting of various combinations between four sequences. The highest diagnostic accuracies were achieved when using all sequences, and the difference was significant only when the combination did not include the ADC map. Using all sequences, logistic regression and the random forest classifier yielded higher accuracy compared with the that of the XG boost classifier, with mean area under curve (AUC) values of 0.77, 0.76, and 0.71, respectively. The machine-learning classifier of non-invasive and quantitative radiomics signature could guide the classification of the HPV status.
Clinical and functional analyses of AIPL1 variants reveal mechanisms of pathogenicity linked to different forms of retinal degeneration
Authors: Sacristan-Reviriego Almudena , Le Hoang Mai , Georgiou Michalis , Meunier Isabelle , Bocquet Beatrice , Roux Anne-Françoise , Prodromou Chrisostomos , Bainbridge James , Michaelides Michel , van der Spuy Jacqueline 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDisease-causing sequence variants in the highly polymorphic AIPL1 gene are associated with a broad spectrum of inherited retinal diseases ranging from severe autosomal recessive Leber congenital amaurosis to later onset retinitis pigmentosa. AIPL1 is a photoreceptor-specific co-chaperone that interacts with HSP90 to facilitate the stable assembly of retinal cGMP phosphodiesterase, PDE6. In this report, we establish unequivocal correlations between patient clinical phenotypes and in vitro functional assays of uncharacterized AIPL1 variants. We confirm that missense and nonsense variants in the FKBP-like and tetratricopeptide repeat domains of AIPL1 lead to the loss of both HSP90 interaction and PDE6 activity, confirming these variants cause LCA. In contrast, we report the association of p.G122R with milder forms of retinal degeneration, and show that while p.G122R had no effect on HSP90 binding, the modulation of PDE6 cGMP levels was impaired. The clinical history of these patients together with our functional assays suggest that the p.G122R variant is a rare hypomorphic allele with a later disease onset, amenable to therapeutic intervention. Finally, we report the primate-specific proline-rich domain to be dispensable for both HSP90 interaction and PDE6 activity. We conclude that variants investigated in this domain do not cause disease, with the exception of p.A352_P355del associated with autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy.
Adsorption capability of brewed tea waste in waters containing toxic lead(II), cadmium (II), nickel (II), and zinc(II) heavy metal ions
Authors: Çelebi Hakan , Gök Gülden , Gök Oğuzhan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecently, the search for low-cost eco-friendly adsorbents has become one of the main objectives of researchers. The aim of this study was to test the removal of four heavy metals, namely lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd), from a simulated watery solution using brewed tea waste as a potentially suitable adsorbent. The effects of pH levels (2.0–6.0), adsorbent amount (0.1–5.0 g), contact times (1–150 min.) were examined throughout the adsorption process. The results of the experiments showed that the heavy metals elimination yields had an inverse relationship with pH and a linear relationship between the other parameters. The optimum pH for the removal of the heavy metals was between 4.0 and 5.0 in the case of the brewed tea waste. Equilibrium times of 2, 10, 30 and 5 min were required for the adsorption of Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd onto Camellia sinensis, respectively. Based on the results of this study it can be said that brewed tea waste has a high potential to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacities were calculated as 1.197, 1.457, 1.163 and 2.468 mg/g, for Pb, Zn, Ni and Cd, respectively, by fitting the equilibrium data to the Langmuir isotherm model.
A novel assay to measure calcification propensity: from laboratory to humans
Authors: Perez M. Mar , Ferrer Miguel D. , Lazo-Rodriguez Marta , Canals Ana Zeralda , Banon-Maneus Elisenda , Campistol Josep M. , Miller Stephan , Garg Rekha , Gold Alex , Salcedo Carolina , Perelló Joan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCardiovascular calcification (CVC) contributes to morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing dialysis. We examined the pharmacodynamic effects of SNF472, a calcification inhibitor, on plasma calcium phosphate crystallization using spectrometric measurements, and its correlations with effects on CVC in rats or humans. Rats (N = 38) injected with vitamin D (days 1–3) to induce CVC were infused with saline or SNF472 (days 1–12). Inhibition of CVC was 50–65% with SNF472 3 mg/kg and ~ 80% with SNF472 10 or 30 mg/kg. SNF472 dose-dependently inhibited calcium phosphate crystallization, which correlated with inhibition of CVC (r = 0.628, P = 0.005). In patients with calciphylaxis (N = 14), infusion of SNF472 (~ 7 mg/kg) during hemodialysis for 12 weeks inhibited calcium phosphate crystallization by nearly 70%. In patients with CVC (N = 274), infusion of SNF472 during hemodialysis for 52 weeks inhibited calcium phosphate crystallization (placebo: 15%; 300 mg: 61%; 600 mg: 75%), which correlated with inhibition of CVC (r = 0.401, P = 0.003). These findings show a direct correlation between inhibition of calcium phosphate crystallization in plasma and inhibition of CVC both in a rat model and in humans, supporting the use of the pharmacodynamic assay in clinical trials as a potentially predictive tool to evaluate the activity of calcification inhibitors.
Ultra-strong stability of double-sided fluorinated monolayer graphene and its electrical property characterization
Authors: Wang Haidong , Narasaki Masahiro , Zhang Zhongwei , Takahashi Koji , Chen Jie , Zhang Xing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFluorinated graphene has a tunable band gap that is useful in making flexible graphene electronics. But the carbon–fluorine (C–F) bonds in fluorinated graphene can be easily broken by increased temperature or electron beam irradiation. Here, we demonstrate that the stability of fluorinated graphene is mainly determined by its C–F configuration. The double-sided fluorinated graphene has a much stronger stability than the single-sided fluorinated graphene under the same irradiation dose. Density functional theory calculations show that the configuration of double-sided fluorinated graphene has a negative and low formation energy, indicating to be an energetically stable structure. On the contrary, the formation energy of single-sided fluorinated graphene is positive, leading to an unstable C–F bonding that is easily broken by the irradiation. Our findings make a new step towards a more stable and efficient design of graphene electronic devices.
Pathogenesis of CDK8-associated disorder: two patients with novel CDK8 variants and in vitro and in vivo functional analyses of the variants
Authors: Uehara Tomoko , Abe Kota , Oginuma Masayuki , Ishitani Shizuka , Yoshihashi Hiroshi , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Takenouchi Toshiki , Kosaki Kenjiro , Ishitani Tohru 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8) is a member of the CDK/Cyclin module of the mediator complex. A recent study reported that heterozygous missense CDK8 mutations cause a neurodevelopmental disorder in humans. The mechanistic basis of CDK8-related disorder has yet to be delineated. Here, we report 2 patients with de novo missense mutations within the kinase domain of CDK8 along with the results of in vitro and in vivo functional analyses using a zebrafish model. Patient 1 and Patient 2 had intellectual disabilities and congenital anomalies. Exome analyses showed that patient 1 had a heterozygous de novo missense p.G28A variant in the CDK8 (NM_001260.3) gene and patient 2 had a heterozygous de novo missense p.N156S variant in the CDK8 gene. We assessed the pathogenicity of these two variants using cultured-cells and zebrafish model. An in vitro kinase assay of human CDK8 showed that enzymes with a p.G28A or p.N156S substitution showed decreased kinase activity. An in vivo assays of zebrafish overexpression analyses also showed that the p.G28A and p.N156S alleles were hypomorphic alleles. Importantly, the inhibition of CDK8 kinase activity in zebrafish embryos using a specific chemical inhibitor induced craniofacial and heart defects similar to the patients’ phenotype. Taken together, zebrafish studies showed that non-synonymous variants in the kinase domain of CDK8 act as hypomorphic alleles causing human congenital disorder.
Deep learning algorithms for detecting and visualising intussusception on plain abdominal radiography in children: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Kwon Gitaek , Ryu Jongbin , Oh Jaehoon , Lim Jongwoo , Kang Bo-kyeong , Ahn Chiwon , Bae Junwon , Lee Dong Keon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to verify a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm to detect intussusception in children using a human-annotated data set of plain abdominal X-rays from affected children. From January 2005 to August 2019, 1449 images were collected from plain abdominal X-rays of patients ≤ 6 years old who were diagnosed with intussusception while 9935 images were collected from patients without intussusception from three tertiary academic hospitals (A, B, and C data sets). Single Shot MultiBox Detector and ResNet were used for abdominal detection and intussusception classification, respectively. The diagnostic performance of the algorithm was analysed using internal and external validation tests. The internal test values after training with two hospital data sets were 0.946 to 0.971 for the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), 0.927 to 0.952 for the highest accuracy, and 0.764 to 0.848 for the highest Youden index. The values from external test using the remaining data set were all lower (P-value < 0.001). The mean values of the internal test with all data sets were 0.935 and 0.743 for the AUC and Youden Index, respectively. Detection of intussusception by deep CNN and plain abdominal X-rays could aid in screening for intussusception in children.
Distinct expression profiles of peptides in placentae from preeclampsia and normal pregnancies
Authors: Huang Jin , Ling Zhonghui , Zhong Hong , Yin Yadong , Qian Yating , Gao Mingming , Ding Hongjuan , Cheng Qing , Jia Ruizhe 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study sought to identify potential bioactive peptides from the placenta that are involved in preeclampsia (PE) to obtain information about the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of PE. The liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to perform a comparative analysis of placental peptides in normal and PE pregnancies. Gene ontology (GO), pathway analysis and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) were used to evaluate the underlying biological function of the differential peptides based on their protein precursors. Transwell assays and qPCR were used to study the effect of the identified bioactive peptides on the function of HTR-8/SVneo cells. A total of 392 upregulated peptides and 420 downregulated peptides were identified (absolute fold change ≥ 2 and adjusted P value < 0.05). The GO analysis, pathway analysis, and IPA revealed that these differentially expressed peptides play a role in PE. In addition, the up-regulated peptide “DQSATALHFLGRVANPLSTA” derived from Angiotensinogen exhibited effect on the invasiveness of HTR-8/SVneo cells. The current preliminary research not only provides a new research direction for studying the pathogenesis of PE, but also brings new insights for the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of PE.
Distinct response of gross primary productivity in five terrestrial biomes to precipitation variability
Authors: Ritter François , Berkelhammer Max , Garcia Cynthia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractClimate change will impact precipitation variability, potentially accelerating climate-terrestrial carbon feedbacks. However, the response of ecosystems to precipitation variability is difficult to constrain due to myriad physiological and abiotic variables that limit terrestrial productivity. Based on a combination of satellite imagery and a global network of daily precipitation data, we present here a statistical framework to isolate the impact of precipitation variability on the gross primary productivity of five biomes that collectively account for 50% of global land area. The productivity of mesic grasslands and forests decreases by ~28% and ~7% (respectively) in response to more irregular rain within the year, while the sensitivity is halved in response to higher year-to-year variability. Xeric grasslands are similarly impacted by intra-annual rainfall variance, but they show an increase in productivity with higher interannual rainfall variability. Conversely, the productivity of boreal forests increases under higher variability on both timescales. We conclude that projected changes in precipitation variability will have a measurable global impact on the terrestrial carbon sink.
Clinical Intersections Among Idiopathic Language Disorder, Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder, and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Redmond Sean M. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose

Estimates of the expected co-occurrence rates of idiopathic language disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) provide a confusing and inconsistent picture. Potential sources for discrepancies considered so far include measurement and ascertainment biases (
Redmond, 2016a
,
2016b
). In this research symposium forum article, the potential impact of applying different criteria to the observed co-occurrence rate is examined through an appraisal of the literature and an empirical demonstration.

Method

Eighty-five cases were selected from the
Redmond, Ash, et al. (2019)
study sample. Standard scores from clinical measures collected on K–3rd grade students were used to assign language impairment status, nonverbal impairment status, social (pragmatic) communication disorder status, and ADHD status. Criteria extrapolated from the specific language impairment (
Stark & Tallal, 1981
), developmental language disorder (
Bishop et al., 2017
), and
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition
language disorder (
American Psychiatric Association, 2013
) designations were applied.

Results

The
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition
language disorder designation and its separation of language disorder from the social (pragmatic) communication disorder designation provided the clearest segregation of idiopathic language deficits from elevated ADHD symptoms, showing only a 2% co-occurrence rate. In contrast, applying the broader developmental language disorder designation raised the observed co-occurrence rate to 22.3%. The specific language impairment designation yielded an intermediate value of 16.9%.

Conclusions
Co-occurrence rates varied as a function of designation adopted. The presence of pragmatic symptoms exerted a stronger influence on observed co-occurrence rates than low nonverbal abilities. Impacts on clinical management and research priorities are discussed.

Presentation Video

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13063751
Advances in Specific Language Impairment Research and Intervention: An Overview of Five Research Symposium Papers
Authors: Rice Mabel L. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
This article provides an overview of five papers appearing together on the topic of “Advances in Specific Language Impairment Research and Intervention,” which was the 2019 program in an ongoing series of research symposia presented at the Annual Convention of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association.

Method
The article provides a historical context for the set of papers, then a short summation of each paper's content, followed by the identification of overarching themes and working conclusions.

Results
Each paper provides summations of empirical results, and some papers provide new empirical evidence.

Conclusion
The papers collectively highlight six points: (a) Children with specific language impairment (SLI) are likely to be unidentified among their age peers. (b) There is great need for better identification of children with SLI across developmental levels. (c) Progress is evident toward a better understanding of causal pathways, as examined across different research designs involving comparison of children with typical language acquisition to children with SLI and other possibly co-occurring atypical conditions. (d) Measuring multiple dimensions of language brings enhanced informativeness, with differing outcomes for differing dimensions. (e) Replicated research findings require precision of methods in order to reduce unexplained error variance especially when defining groups. (f) Accurate identification of children with SLI is the first step toward a sound treatment plan for SLI and reading disorders as well.

Presentation Video

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13063721
The internet-community response to the Mexican Earthquake of February 1, 2019
Authors: Tertyshnikov Alexandr V. 
Published: October 2020

Signs of the threat of the Mexican earthquake of February 1, 2019, are presented according to estimates of the recurrence of query words in Internet electronic publications. These estimates (information signals) have been determined using the Internet search engines.
Before the earthquake, an increase in the recurrence of query words semantically related to seismic-hazard precursors was revealed in electronic publications relative to the seismically hazardous region. After the earthquake, the activity of the Internet community decreases.