bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus‐Functionalized Graphene for Lithium‐Ion Capacitors with Improved Power and Cyclability
Authors: Moreno‐Fernández Gelines , Granados‐Moreno Miguel , Gómez‐Urbano Juan Luis , Carriazo Daniel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHerein, we report an easy approach for the preparation of graphene‐based materials suitable as electrodes for lithium‐ion capacitors (LICs). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that phosphorus‐functionalized graphene oxide (rGO800‐P) is used as negative (battery‐type) electrode in LICs technology. An activated carbon derived from the pyrolysis of graphene‐carbon composite served as positive (capacitor‐type) electrode. While phosphorus functionalization on the negative electrode enables fast Li+ kinetics during insertion/extraction processes, the flat‐shaped morphology, large surface area and proper pore size distribution of the positive electrode enhance the double‐layer formation. Full LICs optimization, oversizing the negative electrode allows operating in the extended voltage window of 1.5–4.5 V delivering high energy and power values (91 Wh kg−1AM at 145 W kg−1AM and 33 Wh kg−1AM at 26,000 W kg−1AM) without compromising the cycling performance (76 % capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles).
An ensemble approach to short‐term forecast of COVID‐19 intensive care occupancy in Italian regions
Authors: Farcomeni Alessio , Maruotti Antonello , Divino Fabio , Jona‐Lasinio Giovanna , Lovison Gianfranco 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe availability of intensive care beds during the COVID‐19 epidemic is crucial to guarantee the best possible treatment to severely affected patients. In this work we show a simple strategy for short‐term prediction of COVID‐19 intensive care unit (ICU) beds, that has proved very effective during the Italian outbreak in February to May 2020. Our approach is based on an optimal ensemble of two simple methods: a generalized linear mixed regression model, which pools information over different areas, and an area‐specific nonstationary integer autoregressive methodology. Optimal weights are estimated using a leave‐last‐out rationale. The approach has been set up and validated during the first epidemic wave in Italy. A report of its performance for predicting ICU occupancy at regional level is included.
Comparison of naturalistic and arbitrary discriminative stimuli during schedule thinning following functional communication training
Authors: Boyle Megan A. , Bacon McKenzie T. , Carton Samantha M. , Augustine John J. , Janota Taylor A. , Curtis Kaitlin S. , Forck Kara L. , Gaskill Lauren A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe replicated and extended research on incorporating naturalistic discriminative stimuli into schedule thinning following functional communication training with three boys with autism spectrum disorder who engaged in severe behavior. Comparing naturalistic to arbitrary discriminative stimuli, two participants demonstrated differentiated communication in fewer sessions when arbitrary stimuli were used, while the third participant mastered the discriminations in a comparable number of sessions. Although previous research has demonstrated success in rapidly thinning the schedule with arbitrary stimuli, we extended this line of research by evaluating the extent to which differentiated communication would maintain during rapid schedule thinning in both naturalistic and arbitrary conditions. Two participants' communication remained differentiated, and in both conditions, during rapid schedule thinning. However, neither discrimination maintained for the third participant. Results are discussed in terms of the existing literature and directions for future research.
Engineering Electronic Structures of Nickel Cobalt Phosphide via Iron Doping for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Pang Liwei , Liu Wei , Zhao Xueru , Zhou Miao , Qin Jiayi , Yang Jing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEfficient and low‐cost bifunctional OER/HER electrocatalysts are important for overall water splitting. Herein, three‐dimensional self‐supported Fe‐doped NiCo‐based phosphide nanosheets arrays are in‐situ grown on carbon fiber paper. The catalyst shows superior bifunctional activity, with an OER overpotential of 230 mV and an HER overpotential of 95 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline electrolyte. It is evidenced that the Fe doping facilitates electron transfer from Co/Ni to P, thus optimizing the electronic structures of both Ni and Co active sites, in turn greatly enhancing intrinsic OER and HER activities. The OER and HER turnover frequency are largely improved after Fe doping. When used as both anode and cathode for water splitting, the catalyst enables the electrolyzer to achieve 10 mV cm−2 at a low cell voltage of 1.59 V with a long‐term stability up to 35 h. This work highlights the synergy effect of multi‐metal‐based phosphides for efficient water electrocatalysis.
BN‐Doped Metal–Organic Frameworks: Tailoring 2D and 3D Porous Architectures through Molecular Editing of Borazines
Authors: Fasano Francesco , Dosso Jacopo , Bezzu C. Grazia , Carta Mariolino , Kerff François , Demitri Nicola , Su Bao‐Lian , Bonifazi Davide 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBuilding on the MOF approach to prepare porous materials, herein we report the engineering of porous BN‐doped materials using tricarboxylic hexaarylborazine ligands, which are laterally decorated with functional groups at the full‐carbon ‘inner shell’. Whilst an open porous 3D entangled structure could be obtained from the double interpenetration of two identical metal frameworks derived from the methyl substituted borazine, the chlorine‐functionalised linker undergoes formation of a porous layered 2D honeycomb structure, as shown by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. In this architecture, the borazine cores are rotated by 60° in alternating layers, thus generating large rhombohedral channels running perpendicular to the planes of the networks. An analogous unsubstituted full‐carbon metal framework was synthesised for comparison. The resulting MOF revealed a crystalline 3D entangled porous structure, composed by three mutually interpenetrating networks, hence denser than those obtained from the borazine linkers. Their microporosity and CO2 uptake were investigated, with the porous 3D BN‐MOF entangled structure exhibiting a large apparent BET specific surface area (1091 m2 g−1) and significant CO2 reversible adsorption (3.31 mmol g−1) at 1 bar and 273 K.
Image super‐resolution with parallel convolution attention network
Authors: Zhang Qiao , Yang Xiaomin , Xiao Long , Yang Feng , Hussain Farhan , Won Kim Pyoung 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn recent years, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved a lot of outstanding results in super‐resolution with superior ability. However, the majority of CNNs only use a series of convolution kernels with the same size to extract features. This will cause limited receptive fields. In this work, we propose a parallel convolution attention network (PCAN) to extract features in an effective way. Specifically, a pair of parallel convolutions (PCs) with different kernel sizes is used in one layer in our network, which can extract features within different receptive fields, thereby making full use of the multiscale information. Meanwhile, we apply a channel‐spatial attention (CSA) module in each parallel convolution block to calculate and fuse channel attention and spatial attention. The obtained attention maps emphasize useful features. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our PCAN in comparison with the state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Deregulated cellular circuits driving immunoglobulins and complement consumption associate with the severity of COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Marcos‐Jiménez Ana , Sánchez‐Alonso Santiago , Alcaraz‐Serna Ana , Esparcia Laura , López‐Sanz Celia , Sampedro‐Núñez Miguel , Mateu‐Albero Tamara , Sánchez‐Cerrillo Ildefonso , Martínez‐Fleta Pedro , Gabrie Ligia , del Campo Guerola Luciana , Rodríguez‐Frade José Miguel , Casasnovas José M. , Reyburn Hugh T. , Valés‐Gómez Mar , López‐Trascasa Margarita , Martín‐Gayo Enrique , Calzada María José , Castañeda Santos , de la Fuente Hortensia , González‐Álvaro Isidoro , Sánchez‐Madrid Francisco , Muñoz‐Calleja Cecilia , Alfranca Arantzazu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 infection causes an abrupt response by the host immune system, which is largely responsible for the outcome of COVID‐19. We investigated whether the specific immune responses in the peripheral blood of 276 patients were associated with the severity and progression of COVID‐19. At admission, dramatic lymphopenia of T, B, and NK cells is associated with severity. Conversely, the proportion of B cells, plasmablasts, circulating follicular helper T cells (cTfh) and CD56–CD16+ NK‐cells increased. Regarding humoral immunity, levels of IgM, IgA, and IgG were unaffected, but when degrees of severity were considered, IgG was lower in severe patients. Compared to healthy donors, complement C3 and C4 protein levels were higher in mild and moderate, but not in severe patients, while the activation peptide of C5 (C5a) increased from the admission in every patient, regardless of their severity. Moreover, total IgG, the IgG1 and IgG3 isotypes, and C4 decreased from day 0 to day 10 in patients who were hospitalized for more than two weeks, but not in patients who were discharged earlier. Our study provides important clues to understand the immune response observed in COVID‐19 patients, associating severity with an imbalanced humoral response, and identifying new targets for therapeutic intervention.
What can inverse VIX contribute to an investment portfolio?
Authors: Liu Wei‐Han , Chang Jow‐Ran 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the performance of the Inverse VIX issued by following the frameworks in Bali et al. (2009) and Bali, Brown, and Demirtas (2013), which examine from the perspectives of asset weight of Inverse VIX and holding periods. We employ the refined definition of almost stochastic dominance by Chang, Liu, and Hung (2019) via its first‐ and second‐order definitions. We also compare this asset's performance with S&P 500 and a 30‐year T‐bond. The empirical evidence indicates that the Inverse VIX is preferred over the other two investment alternatives. Our conclusions indicate that the holding period length plays a role. It is recommended to increase the asset weight of the Inverse VIX within its upper limit that is bound to enhance portfolio performance.
Recent advances in polyphenols improving vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by endogenous toxicity
Authors: Xie Yixi , Wang Hui , He Zhiyou 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEndothelial dysfunction is the early marker and precursor for the development of a series of vascular disease. Epidemiologic and experimental evidences have suggested that regular consumptions of polyphenol rich extracts or individual phenolic compounds both improve endothelial function. The present review concludes the recent advances in the protective effects of polyphenol‐rich extracts and individual phenolic compounds on the endothelial function. The vascular protective benefits of polyphenol have been well established with so many in vitro and in vivo studies. The mechanisms underlying the protection actions have also been elucidated much. Further studies may lay efforts on understanding the controversies among results from different assays, exploring deeper and more comprehensive mechanisms, elaborating the structure–activity relationship, and improving the safety evaluation research.
Acvr1 deletion in osteoblasts impaired mandibular bone mass through compromised osteoblast differentiation and enhanced sRANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis
Authors: Hu Yue , Hao Xinqing , Liu Cangwei , Ren Chunxia , Wang Shuangshuang , Yan Guangxing , Meng Yuan , Mishina Yuji , Shi Ce , Sun Hongchen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is well known in bone homeostasis. However, the physiological effects of BMP signaling on mandibles are largely unknown, as the mandible has distinct functions and characteristics from other bones. In this study, we investigated the roles of BMP signaling in bone homeostasis of the mandibles by deleting BMP type I receptor Acvr1 in osteoblast lineage cells with Osterix‐Cre. We found mandibular bone loss in conditional knockout mice at the ages of postnatal day 21 and 42 in an age‐dependent manner. The decreased bone mass was related to compromised osteoblast differentiation together with enhanced osteoclastogenesis, which was secondary to the changes in osteoblasts in vivo. In vitro study revealed that deletion of Acvr1 in the mandibular bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) significantly compromised osteoblast differentiation. When wild type bone marrow macrophages were cocultured with BMSCs lacking Acvr1 both directly and indirectly, both proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts were induced as evidenced by an increase of multinucleated cells, compared with cocultured with control BMSCs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the increased osteoclastogenesis in vitro was at least partially due to the secretion of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (sRANKL), which is probably the reason for the mandibular bone loss in vivo. Overall, our results proposed that ACVR1 played essential roles in maintaining mandibular bone homeostasis through osteoblast differentiation and osteoblast‐osteoclast communication via sRANKL.
New insight in molecular mechanisms regulating SIRT6 expression in diabetes: Hyperglycaemia effects on SIRT6 DNA methylation
Authors: Scisciola Lucia , Rizzo Maria R. , Marfella Raffaele , Cataldo Vittoria , Fontanella Rosaria A. , Boccalone Eugenio , Paolisso Giuseppe , Barbieri Michelangela 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConflicting data are reported on the relationship between hyperglycaemia, diabetes and SIRT6 expression. To elucidate hyperglycaemia‐induced molecular mechanisms regulating SIRT6 expression, the effect of hyperglycaemia on DNA methylation and SIRT6 expression has been evaluated in human aortic endothelial cells exposed to high glucose. DNA methylation of SIRT6 and any potential clinical implication was also evaluated in type 2 diabetic patients and compared with healthy controls. Endothelial cells exposed to high glucose showed lower methylation levels in SIRT6 promoter and increased SIRT6 and TET2 expression. The high glucose‐induced epigenetic changes persisted after 48 h of glucose normalization. Diabetic patients showed lower levels of SIRT6 DNA methylation compared with nondiabetic patients. SIRT6 DNA methylation levels inversely correlated with plasma glucose. Our results firstly demonstrate the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating SIRT6 expression. Further experiments are necessary to clarify metabolic memory mechanisms driving to diabetic complications and how SIRT6 is potentially involved.
Intervention and efficacy of advance care planning for patients in intensive care units and their families: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Yamamoto Kanako , Hayama Junko , Nakayama Kazuhiro , Yonekura Yuki , Ota Erika 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimThis scoping review aims to elucidate the effectiveness of advance care planning interventions for patients entering the intensive care unit and their families.DesignScoping review of relevant literature from January 2000–March 2020.MethodsThis review includes studies undertaken in intensive care units that focus on patients older than 18 years or their families. The review will be conducted in accordance with the PRISMA‐P guideline. The PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, BNI, PsycINFO and ICHUSHI databases and the Cochrane Library will be searched for both published and unpublished articles. Two independent reviewers will examine the list of remaining titles and summarize and identify articles that meet the inclusion criteria.ResultsIt has long been taboo to consider end‐of‐life care when in intensive care unit. However, promoting advance care planning, even in patients who are in the intensive care unit, is important and it may help support the patient's need for autonomy.
Health behaviour change considerations for weight loss and type 2 diabetes: nutrition, physical activity and sedentary behaviour
Authors: Chater Angel Marie , Smith Lindsey , Ferrandino Louise , Wyld Kev , Bailey Daniel P 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGood nutrition, regular physical activity and low levels of sedentary behaviour are important in the prevention, management and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Self‐management requires individuals to have the capability to enact, opportunity to enable and motivation to perform relevant health behaviours. These behaviours, and the bio‐psycho‐social drivers of them, should be considered when working in the area of T2DM. Copyright © 2020 John Wiley & Sons.
Plasma treatment of polymethyl methacrylate to improve surface hydrophilicity and antifouling performance
Authors: Sui Siyuan , Li Lin , Shen Jie , Ni Guohua , Xie Hongbin , Lin Qifu , Zhao Yanjun , Guo Jingwei , Duan Wenxue 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSurface modification of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) by O2/CF4 plasma is investigated to improve hydrophilicity and antifouling performance of PMMA. The PMMA surface before and after treatment is characterized by atomic force microscopy, contact angle measurement, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Antifouling properties are evaluated by protein adsorption and bacterial adhesion experiments using Staphylococcus aureus in vitro. Higher O2 content in the mixture gas promotes hydrophilicity of the plasma‐treated PMMA, while a hydrophobic surface forms at higher CF4 content. Modifying PMMA improves antifouling performance regardless of the O2/CF4 volume ratio, and this improvement increases with rising CF4 content in O2/CF4 plasma working gas. Functional groups CO and CF are detected in O2/CF4 plasma‐treated PMMA surface and the ratio of CO to CF can be controlled by the O2/CF4 volume ratio in the plasma working gas.
Investigation of wicking phenomenon and tensile properties in three‐layer composite nanofibrous PA/PLLA yarn
Authors: Moghbelnejad Zeinab , Gharehaghaji Ali Akbar , Yousefzadeh Maryam , Hajiani Farideh 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOne critical property of a nanofibrous structure is the wicking behavior in contact with liquids. This work's purpose is fabrication and investigation of tensile and wicking properties of a newly designed three‐layer nanofibrous yarn consisting of polyamide 6/poly(L‐lactic acid) (PA/PLLA) with a similar idea to Bobtex spun yarn structure in which adhesion between core (PA) and sheath (PLLA) is provided with a thin layer of polymeric thin film. The tensile strength and strain decreased 32 and 46%, respectively, in a three‐layer yarn compared with two‐layer, that is, yarn without the adhesion film. In addition, the ultimate strength of the three‐layer yarn was higher than a PLLA yarn. The vertical wicking test for three‐layer nanofibrous yarn reveals that at short times, capillary rise kinetics follow the Lucas–Washburn law while increasing the take‐up velocity of the take‐up roller in yarn fabrication leads to increasing the maximum height of water in yarn.
Antibacterial Activity of Ciprofloxacin‐Loaded Poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)‐Nanoparticles Against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Gheffar Chahrazed , Le Hung , Jouenne Thierry , Schaumann Annick , Corbière Auriane , Vaudry David , LeCerf Didier , Karakasyan Carole 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe formation of bacterial biofilms on material surfaces is a recurrent problem in public health. Antibacterial nanoparticles (NPs) are promising because pathogens have not yet developed resistance mechanisms and encapsulation of the drug can protect it from the surrounding medium and improve pharmacokinetics. Biocompatible and biodegradable particles of various sizes (nano‐ and micro‐scale) based on poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) are elaborated using a simple and free toxic nanoprecipitation process. Particles are poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐ylated in order to reduce unwanted interactions with biological fluids, or loaded with the large spectrum antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CIP). NPs are studied against Staphylococcus aureus in planktonic and biofilm modes. Empty NPs with smallest size (60 nm) are able to totally eradicate planktonic culture after 24 h, even in the presence of serum proteins. CIP‐loaded NPs present slightly lower antimicrobial activity against planktonic microorganisms compared with the free antibiotic, due to progressive release of CIP over time. In biofilm mode, CIP‐loaded NPs show a very good antibiofilm activity, much better than free CIP, thanks to NPs penetration within the polymer matrix and a consequent release of the antibiotic close to the embedded bacteria. The present results open the way for widespread applications of PLGA‐NPs in the pharmaceutical or medical fields.
On the Pressure Generated by Thermite Reactions Using Stress‐Altered Aluminum Particles
Authors: Williams Alan , Shancita Islam , Altman Igor , Tamura Nobumichi , Pantoya Michelle L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study examines pressure build‐up and decay in thermites upon impact ignition and interprets reactivity based on the holistic pressure history. The thermite is a mixture of aluminum (Al) combined with bismuth trioxide (Bi2O3) powder. Four different Al particles sizes were examined that ranged from 100 nm to 18.5 μm mean diameter and for each size, two different Al powder treatments were examined: stress‐altered compared to untreated, as‐received Al powder. Stress‐altered Al powders have been shown to be more reactive, such that the stress‐altered Al powder thermites offer a metric for analyzing thermite reactivity in terms of pressure development compared to untreated Al powder. In a binary thermite system, multiple phase changes and interface chemistry influence the transient pressure response during reaction. Results reveal three key pressure metrics that need consideration specifically for thermite combustion: (1) delay time to peak pressure, (2) peak pressure, and (3) decay after peak pressure. Our experiments show that a lower peak pressure corresponds with higher thermite reactivity because aluminum consumption of oxygen generated by decomposing solid oxidizer reduces the peak pressure. Faster rates of reaction consume oxygen at higher rates such that pressure development becomes more limited than less reactive thermites and the result is a lower peak pressure. This conclusion is opposite of traditional studies using metal fuels with a gaseous environment that typically show higher peak pressures correspond with greater reactivity.
Electronic structure calculations of compressed Li atom using composite technique under Ritz variational framework
Authors: Saha Jayanta K. , Bhattacharyya Sukhamoy , Ahmed Sk. Faruque 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe structural properties of Li atom in 1s2nl[n= 2–5,l= 0–4] state inside an impenetrable cavity is studied. The system is assumed to be composed of two parts namely the core (1s2) electrons and the valence electron (nl). A model potential is considered to mimic the interaction between the outer electron with the core. The wavefunction of the core electrons is expanded in explicitly correlated multi‐exponent Hyllerass type basis set while the wavefunction of the valence electron is expanded in pure exponential basis set. Both the wavefunctions are consistent with Dirichlet's boundary conditions. The energy levels are determined by using Ritz variational method and are pushed towards continuum as the effect of confinement increases. The results are in reasonable agreement with the existing numerical estimates. We noticed incidental degeneracy and the subsequent level‐crossing phenomena along with evolution of quasibound states of confined Li atom. The thermodynamic pressures felt by the Li atom, Li+and Li2+ions inside the impenetrable cavity.