bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Surgical Antimicrobial Prescribing Behaviour in the Hospital Setting: A Systematic Review and Meta-ethnography Protocol
Authors: Parker Hazel M , Frost Julia , Britten Nicky , Robinson Sophie , Mattick Karen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Surgical specialities use extensive amounts of antimicrobials, and misuse has been widely reported, making them a key target for antimicrobial stewardship initiatives. Interventions informed by, and tailored to, a clear understanding of the contextual barriers to appropriate antimicrobial use are more likely to successfully improve practice. However, this approach has been under-utilised. Our aim is to synthesise qualitative studies on surgical antimicrobial prescribing behaviour (APB) in hospital settings to explain how and why contextual factors act and interact to influence APB among surgical teams. We will develop new theory to advance understanding and identify knowledge gaps to inform further research.
Methods
The meta-ethnography will follow the seven-phase method described by Noblit and Hare. We will conduct a comprehensive search using eight databases (AMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, MEDLINE-in-process, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO) with no date restrictions; forwards and backwards citation searches; and contacting first authors of relevant papers. Studies will be dual screened and included if they use recognised qualitative methods and analysis; focus on contextual factors associated with surgical APB within hospital settings; are available in full in English; and are relevant to the research question. Any disagreements between reviewers will be resolved through discussion to reach consensus. Included studies will be read repeatedly to illuminate key concepts and the relationship between key concepts across studies. Then, key concepts will be sorted into conceptual categories or ‘piles’ which will be further abstracted to form a conceptual framework explaining surgical APB. During the synthesis, emerging interpretations will be discussed with stakeholders (including authors of included studies where possible; surgical and stewardship practitioners; and patient representatives) to ensure new knowledge is meaningful.
Discussion
This research has several strengths: (1) the protocol has been written with reference to established guidance maximising rigour and transparency; (2) the multi-disciplinary research team bring varied interpretative repertoires and relevant methodological skills; and (3) stakeholders will be involved to ensure that findings are relevant, and disseminated via suitable channels, to support improved patient care.
Systematic review registration
The meta-ethnography has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO); registration number CRD42020184343.
Risk factors for cerebral palsy in Moldova
Authors: Bufteac Ecaterina Gincota , Jahnsen Reidun , Spinei Larisa , Andersen Guro L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis is the first study assessing risk factors for cerebral palsy (CP) among children born in Moldova.MethodsWe identified 351 children with CP born during 2009 and 2010 in state hospitals, maternity wards, orphanages and rehabilitation centres in Moldova. Detailed information on 417 children without CP (of the total number of 81,277 children) served as a reference group. Logistic regression analyses were applied to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in addition to attributable risk (AR).ResultsAmong children with CP (40.5% girls), 26% had unilateral, 54% bilateral, 13% dyskinetic, and 5% ataxic CP, with 2% unclassified. Almost three quarters of children with CP were from rural areas and 101 (29%) were prematurely born.Significant risk factors for CP included low Apgar score at five minutes (OR 6.187, 95% CI 2.059–18.59), hyperbilirubinemia (OR 6.3, 95% CI 4.1–9.6), breech delivery (OR 3.5, 95% CI 2–6.01), assisted vaginal delivery (OR 47, 95% CI 11–194), birth out of maternity (OR 6.591, 95% CI 1.904–22.81), low education level (OR 3.889, 95% CI 2.8–5.248), alcohol consumption (OR 1.903, 95% CI 1.269–2.885) and hypertension (OR 2.264, 95% CI 1.5–5.417).For singletons born at term, significant risk factors were low Apgar score (OR 2.115, 95% CI 1.22–3.808), hyperbilirubinemia (OR 5.854, 95% CI 3.648–9.393), breech delivery (OR 6.48, 95% CI 3.1–13.7), fundal pressure (OR 3.268, 95% CI 1.398–7.642), maternal hypertension (OR 2.248, 95% CI 1.55–3.997) and alcohol consumption (OR 2.105, 95% CI 1.315–3.369).Hyperbilirubinemia, Apgar score (0–3), birth out of maternity and breech delivery had the highest AR for CP both in the total and term singleton groups. Chronic diseases among mothers also had a high AR for CP.ConclusionsA combination of factors related to the child, the delivery and the mother were risk factors for CP among children born in Moldova, many of them possibly avoidable. The results may indicate a need for better maternal and perinatal childcare. A national CP register in Moldova is recommended as an opportunity to follow up these findings.
Trust in Courier Services as a Determinant of Service Quality
Authors: EJDYS JOANNA , Gulc Aleksandra 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The article aims to examine relationships between five constructs: the usefulness of courier services (U), the ease of use of courier services (EU), the trust in courier services (T), the service quality (SQ), and the future intention to use courier services (FI).The research focuses on courier services. An electronic questionnaire was used to conduct confidential interviews. It was distributed between January and March 2019. The number of questionnaires returned by courier service customers amounted to 1073. The authors used Generalized Least Squares (GLS) of Structural Equation Modelling (GLS-SEM) to verify the hypotheses. AMOS software was set to test the hypothesised relationships. The obtained results confirmed statistically significant relationships between the variables of the ease of use and the trust in service, the usefulness and the trust in service, the trust in service and the service quality and, finally, the service quality and the future intention to use the services. The obtained results confirmed an important role of technological aspects in courier service quality, which will become the main determinant of the development of this sector in the future. The authors proposed a new approach to the definition of trust in service. Apart from the interpersonal trust, they shed more light on the trust in the supplier, i.e. the trust in the used technologies.
Two novel mutations in TTC21B gene, c.497del and c.2323-3T&gt;A, identified in a Chinese patient
Authors: Gao Xia , Shi Lingna , Liao Xin , Du Qing , Zhao Haiyan , Wang Lili , Zhang Jing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Methods

A whole-exome sequencing end stage renal disease patient whose original renal disease is unknown. Swiss model predict the 3D structure of the protein. The related literature was searched by using search terms “NPHP” in PubMed CNKI and VIP database from January 2000 to January 2020.
Results

The whole exome by next-generation sequencing and found two unreported TTC21B mutation sites, c.497del (p.Lys166Serfs) and c.2323−3T > A. The c.497del (p.Lys166Serfs) variant, which is a frame shift mutation, suggested deletion of a single nucleotide. A at position 497 from the TTC21B gene CDS results in replacement of lysine by serine at codon 166 of the TTC21B protein, as well as premature translational stop at position 201. The c.2323−3T > A variant indicates that the antepenultimate base of intron upstream of nucleotide 2323 in the CDS region of TTC21B gene changes from T to A. The change in the three-dimensional structure of the protein caused by the mutations in TTC21B may affect the functions associated with the protein length shorten. Further, this study summarized 25 NPHP gene mutations and the phenotypes that have been reported.
Conclusion

This study reported two novel mutations in the TTC21B gene resulting in NPHP in a Chinese patient and expanded on the spectrum of known causative mutations of TTC21B gene.
Sex Differences in Dietary Copper-Fructose Interaction-Induced Alterations of Gut Microbial Activity are Not Correlated to Hepatic Steatosis
Authors: Song Ming , Yuan Fang , Li Xiaohong , Ma Xipeng , Yin Xinmin , Rouchka Eric C , Zhang Xiang , Deng Zhongbin , Prough Russell A , McClain Craig J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Inadequate copper intake and increased fructose consumption represent two important nutritional problems in the US. Diet copper-fructose interactions alter gut microbial activity and contribute to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study is to determine whether dietary copper-fructose interactions alter gut microbial activity in a sex-differential manner, and whether sex differences in gut microbial activity are associated with sex differences in hepatic steatosis. Methods: Male and female weanling Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed ad libitum with an AIN-93G purified rodent diet with defined copper content for 8 weeks. The copper content is 6mg/kg and 1.5mg/kg in adequate copper diet (CuA) and marginal copper diet (CuM), respectively. Animals had free access to either deionized water or deionized water containing 10% fructose (F) (w/v) as the only drink during the experiment. Body weight, calorie intake, plasma ALT, AST and liver histology were evaluated. Fecal microbial contents were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Fecal and cecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results: Male and female rats exhibit similar trends of changes in the body weight, body weight gain and calorie intake in response to dietary copper and fructose, with a generally higher level in male rats. Several female rats in CuAF group developed mild steatosis, while no obvious steatosis was observed in male rats fed with CuAF or CuMF. Fecal 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed distinct alterations of the gut microbiome in male and female rats. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) identified sex-specific abundant taxa in different groups. Further, total SCFAs, as well as, butyrate were decreased in a more pronounced manner in female CuMF rats than in male rats. Of note, the decreased SCFAs are concomitant with the reduced SCFA producers, but not correlated to hepatic steatosis. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated sex differences in the alterations of gut microbial activities and hepatic steatosis in response to dietary copper-fructose interaction in rats. Tissue-specific responses to dietary copper and fructose likely contribute to the sex differences in gut microbial activity and metabolic phenotype.
Verification of a theory of planned behavior model of medication adherence in Korean adults: Focused on moderating effects of optimistic or present bias
Authors: Suh Kyung Hyun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: In order to prevent or recover from a disease, prescription must be correct, but it is also important for patients to adhere it. Therefore, this study verified a theory of planned behavior (TPB) model to predict the medication adherence of Korean adults and examined the role of optimistic bias or present bias in that model.Methods: The participants were 357 Korean male and female adults whose ages ranged from 18 to 76 (M=41.53, SD=9.89). Their medication adherence was measured with the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, the TPB factors using modified items related to medication adherence, and optimistic bias using items developed, based on the concept and previous studies. Results: An alternative TPB model, including a direct path from attitude to behavior and a direct path from the perceived behavioral control to behavior an insignificant path from behavioral intention to behavior, was validated for Korean adults’ medication adherence. This model was found to be moderated by optimistic bias or present bias. Conclusion: The findings of this study should provide useful information for future research and for medical or health professionals who wish to improve the medication adherence of their patients.
COVID-19 in China: Risk Factors and R0 Revisited
Authors: Khan Irtesam Mahmud , Zhang Wenyi , Zafar Sumaira , Wang Yong , He Junyu , Sun Hailong , Lubinda Jailos , Haque Ubydul , Rahman M Sohel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 epidemic had spread rapidly through China and subsequently has proliferated globally leading to a pandemic situation around the globe. Human-to-human transmissions, as well as asymptomatic transmissions of the infection, have been confirmed. As of April 3rd, public health crisis in China due to COVID-19 is potentially under control. Methods: We compiled a daily dataset of case counts, mortality, recovery, temperature, population density, and demographic information for each prefecture during the period of January 11 to April 07, 2020 (excluding Wuhan from our analysis due to missing data). Understanding the characteristics of spatiotemporal clustering of the COVID-19 epidemic and R0 is critical in effectively preventing and controlling the ongoing global pandemic. The prefectures were grouped based on several relevant features using unsupervised machine learning techniques. We performed a computational analysis utilizing the reported cases in China to estimate the revised R0 among different regions for prevention planning in an ongoing global pandemic. Results: Finally, our results indicate that the impact of temperature and demographic (different age group percentage compared to the total population) factors on virus transmission may be characterized using a stochastic transmission model. Conclusions: Such predictions will help prioritize segments of a given community/ region for action and provide a visual aid in designing prevention strategies for a specific geographic region. Furthermore, revised estimation and our methodology will aid in improving the human health consequences of COVID-19 elsewhere.
Sankofa Pediatric HIV Disclosure Intervention Did Not Worsen Depression Scores in Children Living with HIV and their Caregivers in Ghana
Authors: Radcliffe Christopher , Sam Aba , Matos Quinn , Antwi Sampson , Amissah Kofi , Alhassan Amina , Ofori Irene Pokuaa , Xu Yunshan , Deng Yanhong , Reynolds Nancy R. , Paintsil Elijah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe ‘Sankofa’ pediatric HIV disclosure study (2013–2017) was an intervention that aimed to address the low prevalence of disclosure of HIV status in Ghana.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study at the intervention site in Kumasi, Ghana, in 2019, (2 years after study closure) and administered the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 10-item Child Depression Inventory (CDI) to caregiver-child dyads who received the intervention.ResultsWe enrolled 65% (N = 157) of the original dyads in the present study. Between Sankofa enrollment baseline and the present study, both children and caregivers had significant (p < 0.0001) mean reductions in CDI scores and BDI scores, respectively. CDI scores of the children were significantly correlated with BDI scores of the caregivers (r = 0.019, p = 0.019). No statistically significant associations between disclosure status and either CDI score or BDI score were found.ConclusionsOur findings did not support caregivers’ fears that disclosure leads to depression.Trial Registration: NCT01701635 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier)
Investigating the Effects of COVID-19 Quarantine on Migraine: Data from the Italian National Headache Registry (RICe)
Authors: Delussi Marianna , Gentile Eleonora , Coppola Gianluca , Prudenzano Addolorata Maria Pia , Rainero Innocenzo , Sances Grazia , Abagnale Chiara , Caponnetto Valeria , Cesaris Francesco De , Lupi Chiara , Frattale Ilaria , Guaschino Elena , Marcinnò Andrea , Ornello Raffaele , Pistoia Francesca , Putortì Alessia , Roca Maria Elena , Roveta Fausto , Trojano Maria , Pierelli Francesco , Geppetti Pierangelo , Sacco Simona , Tommaso Marina De 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies during the SARS and Ebola pandemics have shown that quarantine is associated with several negative psychological effects. Although it is possible that quarantine for the current COVID-19 pandemic affects migraine burden, no information is currently available on this i
AIM: In this study, we aimed: a) to explore the effect of quarantine on migraine frequency, severity and days with acute medication intake, and b) to evaluate whether migraine, changes in lifestyle, and emotions. were affected in a different manner in three geographic Italian areas with diverse COVID-19 diffusion,
METHODS We interviewed patients included in the observational Italian registry of headache (Registro Italiano Cefalee, RICe), retrospectively collecting information on main headache features, lifestyles factors, emotions, individual infection status, and perception for COVID-19 for the two months before quarantine and during quarantine. Inclusion criteria were: age > 18; diagnosis of migraine without aura, migraine with aura, and chronic migraine; last in-person visit in the 3 months before the beginning of the quarantine.
RESULTS A total of 433 migraine subjects agreed to be interviewed. We found an overall reduction in headache frequency and days with acute medication intake during the quarantine as compared to pre-quarantine. Reduction in headache frequency prevailed in patients reported more days of effective staying at home. Improvement was not evident in northern Italy. Disgust against viral infection corresponded to a reduced improvement in migraine parameters.
CONCLUSIONS. Migraine patients showed a resilient behavior toward the pandemic distress. Disgust against the contagious disease, could increase migraine frequency.
ssue.
Tropical rainfall trend and stationarity analysis
Authors: Ng Chun Kang , Ng Jing Lin , Huang Yuk Feng , Tan Yi Xun , Mirzaei Majid 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Climate change is most likely to cause changes to the temporal and spatial variability of rainfall. A trend analysis to investigate the rainfall pattern can detect changes over temporal and spatial scales for a rainfall series. In this study, trend analysis using the Mann–Kendall test and Sen's slope estimator was conducted in the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia. The Kwiatkowski–Phillips–Schmidt–Shin (KPSS) test was applied to evaluate the stationarity of the rainfall series. This basin annually faces onslaughts of varying year-end flooding conditions. The trend analysis was applied for monthly, seasonal and yearly rainfall series between 1989 and 2018. The temporal analysis results showed that both increasing and decreasing trends were detected for all rainfall series. The spatial analysis results indicated that the northern region of the Kelantan River Basin showed an increasing trend, whilst the southwest region showed a decreasing trend. It was found that almost all the rainfall series were stationary except at two rainfall stations during the Inter Monsoon 1, Inter Monsoon 2 and yearly rainfall series. Results obtained from this study can be used as reference for water resources planning and climate change assessment.
Data Processing Techniques for Real-Time Traveler Information: Use of Dedicated Short-Range Communications Probes on Suburban Arterial
Authors: Jang Jinhwan 
Published: July 2020

Background:As wireless communication technologies evolve, probe-based travel-time collection systems are becoming popular around the globe. However, two problems generally arise in probe-based systems: one is the outlier and the other is time lag. To resolve the problems, methods for outlier removal and travel-time prediction need to be applied.Methods:In this study, data processing methods for addressing the two issues are proposed. After investigating the characteristic of the travel times on the test section, the modified z-score was suggested for censoring outliers contained in probe travel times. To mitigate the time-lag phenomenon, a recurrent neural network, a class of deep learning where temporal sequence data are normally treated, was applied to predict travel times.Results:As a result of evaluation with ground-truth data obtained through test-car runs, the proposed methods showed enhanced performances with prediction errors lower than 13% on average compared to current practices.Conclusion:The suggested methods can make drivers to better arrange their trip schedules with real-time travel-time information with improved accuracy.
The Influence of Aquarobic Training Towards Interleukin 12 (IL-12) Plasma Level and Its Correlation with Obesity
Authors: Lesmana Ronny , Setiawan Farras Cahyo Bawono , Mukaromah Siti Baitul , Goenawan Hanna , Tarawan Vita Murniati , Kusumawati Maya , Supratman Unang , Setiawan Iwan 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
Interleukin 12 (IL-12) has been of interest during the advancement of insulin obstruction in stout mice. Serum IL-12 levels have not precisely been decided in obese people and neither is its regulation by aquarobic training (recommended sport type for obese people which is less stressor for hefty individual joints).

Aims:
This research aims to discover the alteration pattern of IL-12 in serum of obese people based on BMI, examine their relationship with obesity-related parameters and how it can be modulated by aquarobic training.

Methods:
First study wasa cross-sectional study conducted on 34 obese adults ranging from 33 – 57 years old. The study used primary data which were blood samples from adult obese. For reducing the risk for the obese patients, in second study, we recruited 12 healthy volunteers for a 12 week aquarobic training program. Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods, we observed that serum IL-12 level was altered by different levels of BMI and correlated with other factors like Low Density Lipoprotein level, Cholesterol level and Waist Ratio.

Results:
The group with BMI between 27.01 – 29.99, have IL-12 level of 94.102 ± 35.19 pg/mL. Group with BMI 30.00 – 33.99 have 96.068 ± 59.44pg/mL, and those with BMI more than 33.99 have IL-12 level of 114.572 ± 74.22 pg/mL.

Conclusion:
Interestingly, it was observed that 12 week aquarobic training can significantly reduce the IL-12 level. Taken together,
IL12 level may play an important role in obesity and can be potentially modulated by aquarobic training.
Color Spectrographic Analysis of Respiratory Sounds: A Promising Technology for Respiratory Monitoring
Authors: Doyle Daniel J. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The need for reliable respiratory monitoring has increased in recent years with the frequent use of opioids for perioperative pain management as well as a high prevalence of patients suffering from respiratory comorbidities.

Objective:
Motivated by the success of acoustical color spectrographic techniques in other knowledge domains, we sought to build proof-of-concept systems for the computer-based color spectrographic analysis of respiratory sounds, recorded from various sites.

Methods:
We used a USB miniature electret microphone and a Windows-based color spectrographic analysis package to obtain color spectrograms for breath sound recordings from the neck, from an oxygen mask, from the ear canal, and from a leak-free microphone pneumatically connected to the cuff of a laryngeal mask airway.

Results:
Potentially useful color spectrographic displays were obtained from all four recording sites, although the spectrograms obtained varied in their characteristics. It was also found that obtaining high-quality color spectrograms requires attention to a number of technical details.

Conclusion:
Color spectrographic analysis of respiratory sounds is a promising future technology for respiratory monitoring.