bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the acceptability of a text messaging service and smartphone app to support patient adherence to medications prescribed for high blood pressure: a pilot study.
Authors: Kassavou Aikaterini , Court Charlotte A , Chauhan Jagmohan , Brimicombe James , Bhattacharya Debbi , Naughton Felix , Hardeman Wendy , Mascolo Cecilia , Sutton Stephen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aims and objectives. This paper describes the a pilot non-randomised controlled study of a highly tailored 56-days text message and smartphone app prototype intervention to increase adherence to anti-hypertensive medication in primary care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of the intervention and obtain patients views about the intervention content, the delivery mode, and the mechanisms by which the intervention supported medication adherence. Methods. Patients diagnosed with hypertension were invited to the study via general practice text messages invitation and were recruited face to face by the researcher team. Participants were asked to tested the text message intervention for 28 consecutive days and switch to or the text message followed by the smartphone app for 56 28 more days. Participants completed baseline and follow up questionnaires and took part in a semi-structured weekly or end of intervention telephone interviews. Digital log files captured patients’ usage of the intervention. Participant transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data from questionnaires and log files. A mixed methods analysis generated data to respond to the research questions. Results. 79 patients expressed their interest to participate in this study, of whom and 23 (64% male, 82% above 60 years old) of these patients were recruited to take part. With one drop-out, 22 participants tested the text message delivery mode (with 20 being interviewed) and four of them (17%) requested to switched to the app (with 3 being interviewed). All participants used and engaged and interacted with the text message and app notifications, and most participants found the intervention content and delivery mode acceptable. They also self-reported that the interactive elements of the intervention supported motivated them to take their medications as prescribed. Conclusion. This study provides evidence that the digital intervention is acceptable by hypertensive patients recruited in primary care. Future research could usefully, thus it should investigatebe its tested for its feasibility and effectiveness using rigorous research methods.
Investigation of early and lifetime clinical features and comorbidities for the risk of developing treatment-resistance depression in a 13-year nationwide cohort study
Authors: Huang Shiau-Shian , Chen Hsi-Han , Wang Jui , Chen Wei J. , Chen Hsi-Chung , Kuo Po-Hsiu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
To investigate the risk of developing treatment-resistant depression among depressive patients by examining clinical features, early prescription patterns, and early and lifetime comorbidities.
Methods
A total of 31,422 depressive inpatients were followed from diagnostic onset to more than ten-years. treatment-resistant depression was defined by altered antidepressant treatment regimens more than twice or being admitted after received at least two antidepressant treatments. Multiple regression and Cox regression models were used to examine the effects of physical and psychiatric comorbidities, psychosis, and early prescription patterns on the risk of developing treatment-resistant depression.
Results
Female depressive patients (21.24%) were more likely to become treatment-resistant depression than males (14.02%). Early anxiety disorder was commonly observed in the treatment-resistant depression comparing with non-treatment-resistant depression groups (81.48 vs. 58.96%, p < 0.0001). Lifetime anxiety disorder exhibited the highest population attributable fraction (43.1%). 70% of patients with multiple psychiatric comorbidities developed treatment-resistant depression during follow-up. Results in Cox regression further identified that functional gastrointestinal disorders significantly increased the risk of treatment-resistant depression (aHR = 1.18). A higher dose of antidepressants in early disease course exhibited increased risk for treatment-resistant depression (p < 0.0001).
Conclusion
Our findings indicate the need to monitor early comorbidities and polypharmacy patterns in patients with major depressive disorder that are associated with an elevated risk for treatment-resistant depression.
The Association of Food Insecurity With Diabetes Control and Self-care in Diabetes Type 2 Patients
Authors: mohammadi marjan , Djazayeri Seyyed Abolghasem , Ataie-Jafari Asal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Food insecurity can increase risks of health and nutritional problems, leading to difficulties in self-care and poor glycemic control in diabetic patients. Purpose: This study assessed food insecurity and its association with diabetes control and self-care in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 148 adults with type 2 diabetes participated. Food insecurity and self-care were determined using the 18-item USDA household food security status questionnaire and self-care (SDSCA) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using logistic and linear regression tests (SPSS 20 software).Results: Thirty-seven percent of the participants were food-insecure and significantly more likely than food-secure participants to have poor glycemic control (OR=3.02; CI: 1.45-2.65). No significant association was found between food-insecurity and overall self-care score.Conclusion: Food-insecurity was directly associated with poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Since economic status was significantly better in the food-secure group, it can be postulated that financial problems will eventually lead to poor glycemic control.Policy strategies to increaseaccess to diabetes-appropriate foods mayreduce socioeconomic inequalities in glycemiccontrol.
Using Behaviour Change Theories to Understand Pediatric Emergency Discharge Communication Interventions
Authors: Gallant Allyson J , Bishop Andrea , Cassidy Christine , Egar Jeanne , Curran Janet 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Interventions to improve discharge communication in emergency practice settings are inherently complex and incorporate multiple strategies aimed at patient, caregiver and healthcare provider behaviours. Behaviour change theories, including the capability-opportunity-motivation-behaviour (COM-B) model and Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy version 1 (BCTTv1), provide consistent language for identifying and evaluating the active components of interventions. The objectives of this study were to: (1) identify common barriers and enablers to discharge communication interventions and (2) describe behaviour change techniques (BCTs) present in pediatric emergency discharge communication interventions aimed at patients, caregivers and health care providers. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of 35 experimental and quasi-experimental studies included in a narrative synthesis of discharge communication interventions in pediatric emergency care. Included studies were reviewed to identify reported barriers and enablers to implementation and intervention effectiveness, which were then mapped to the COM-B model. Trained BCT coders independently coded intervention descriptions using the BCTTv1 as a coding framework. Consensus was used to resolve any discrepancies. BCTs were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine the frequency of the 93 individual BCTs and 16 BCT categories for patient/caregiver and health care provider interventions. Results Barriers and enablers were identified at the patient/caregiver, health care provider, intervention and health system levels. Psychological capability was the most frequently coded COM-B component. Of the 33 studies that included BCTs, 29 interventions targeted patients or caregivers. A total of 20 different individual BCTs were identified across the interventions in the 33 studies. The number of BCTs identified in each study ranged from 1-9 BCTs, with most (n=14, 42%) interventions containing one BCT. Reporting deficiencies were noted related to adequate details of intervention components and implementation fidelity.Conclusions The COM-B model and BCTTv1 proved to be useful tools to provide a foundational understanding of the common mechanisms used in pediatric discharge communication interventions. With only a fraction of the available BCTs were used in the included studies, future research is needed to explore the utility of other BCTs to address common implementation barriers and improve the effectiveness of discharge communication interventions.
Diagnostic delay in rare diseases: a documented list of (296) rare diseases for which delayed diagnosis would be especially detrimental, based on the French situation
Authors: CHAZAL Pierre-Etienne , CHALANDON Anne-Sophie , AYMÉ Ségolène , DELEUZE Christian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundA timely diagnosis is a critical step to ensure a proper access to expert clinical management for patients. However, diagnosing rare diseases (RD) is a major challenge, as these diseases are extremely diverse in their expression, cause, semiology and nosology. Today, the development of digital technologies offers genuine opportunities for improving diagnosis and care in a sector with urgent needs. However, developing and testing digital solutions would only be possible for a limited number of Rare Diseases (RD). ResultsThe approach presented in this article aims at proposing an ethical and rational way of defining a subset of “priority” rare diseases to focus on, based on pathologies for which an established and effective standard of care management is defined. Two types of management were considered: the existence of a medicinal product specifically targeting the disease; and / or the existence of authoritative clinical guidelines in France. Our work led to the establishment of a list of 251 RD for which a delayed diagnosis would be especially detrimental. ConclusionIt remains now to establish whether the diagnosis of these RD is especially delayed, or not, before setting up targeted initiatives to reverse the situation. Clarifying choices when taking initiatives to develop solution in a field with so many unmet needs is an element of an ethical approach.
Comparison of HIF1 Gene Polymorphism (Rs11549465) Among Elite and Amateur Power Athletes Versus Non-athletes
Authors: Batavani Mohammad Reza , Kamran Ghaedi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: One of the major energy systems for power performance in muscles is glycolysis that is regulated by the levels of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (Hif1) which in response to hypoxia act as a transcription factor. The goal of this survey was the comparison of HIF1 gene polymorphism (rs11549465) among elite and amateur power karate-kas versus non-athletes. Methods and Results: The C/T polymorphism allelic and genotypic's distribution of Hif1 rs11549465 gene was determined in this survey throughout 550 healthy Iranian subjects that divided in power karate-kas groups that sub-divided into elite (86 male and 86 female) and amateur karate-kas (100 male and 72 female) versus 206 individuals in non-athlete group (100 male and 106 female). After obtaining the written consent of all participants in the study, in seated mode, at a given time and in the diagnostic-laboratory, the amount of 5cc blood from brachiocephalic vein was taken. The Hif1 gene T/C polymorphism was assessed with PCR by using the forward and the overturn primers. Amplicons, the length were treated with the restriction endonuclease Hph I (Enzyme). Also RFLP were analyzed by electrophoresis separation on 1% agarose gel. Non–parametric Chi-Square and multinomial regression tests were used for assess the differences through the SPSS software and the P value less than 0.05 was considered as a significant different. Chi-square test showed genotype frequencies of Hif1 TC rs11549465 (TC genotype: 25.6% vs. TT genotype: 11.4%; CC genotype: 63%) were significantly different in these population (χ2= 99.889, P=0.000). Furthermore, the results of multiple regressions demonstrated that there isn’t general linear relationship between Hif1 gene expression and power ability of karate-kas. Conclusions: From the genetic talent aspect, there wasn't any correlation between Hif1 gene expressions with Iranian karate competitor’s levels.Key Points: Genetic and environmental factors have a great influence over components of the athletic performance such as power/ strength traits. Genetic markers may increase comprehension of athlete talent. There wasn't any correlation between Hif1 gene expressions with Iranian karate competitor’s levels.
Comparison of different approaches to combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA) under the guidance of ultrasound in cesarean delivery obese patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Yilu , Xu Zhendong , Liu Zhiqiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Combined spinal epidural anesthesia (CSEA) is commonly performed in cesarean deliveries. However, it is difficult to perform in obese parturients because of positioning challenges. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of different approaches to CSEA under the guidance of ultrasound.Methods: One hundred obese patients (BMI≧30 kg/m2) who underwent elective cesarean section were randomly enrolled. Patients were assigned to a median approach group and a paramedian approach group randomly. Clinical characteristics were compared between groups. First puncture success rate, ultrasonic time needed for positioning and puncture time, ultrasonic predicted anesthesia puncture depth, actual puncture depth, adverse reactions to anesthesia, complications after anesthesia, and patient satisfaction with the epidural puncture were recorded.Results: The first puncture success rate was significantly different between the two groups (92% vs 86%, P <0.05). The positioning time and total puncture time in the paramedian approach group were higher than those in the median approach group (217.7 s vs 201.6 s, P <0.05; 251.3 s vs 247.4 s, P＞0.05). The incidence of postanesthesia complications in the paramedian approach group was significantly lower than that in the median approach group (2% vs 12%, P <0.05), and patient satisfaction was higher in the paramedian approach group than in the median approach group (P <0.05).Conclusion: The ultrasound-guided paracentesis approach for intrauterine spinal anesthesia for cesarean section patients is time-consuming, but it can effectively improve the success rate of the first puncture, reduce the incidence of anesthesia-related adverse reactions, and improve patient satisfaction.Trial registration: This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900024722) on July 24, 2019.
Tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) as a biomarker for prognosis benefits in patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Zhao Bo , Wang Xiaohu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma is a rare malignant bone tumor in adolescents and children. Poor prognosis has always been a difficult problem for patients with osteosarcoma. Recent studies have shown that Tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) are associated with the clinical outcome of osteosarcoma patients. The aim of our research was to construct a risk score model based on TIICs to predict the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma. Methods: CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the proportion of 22 TIICs in osteosarcoma samples. Kaplan-Meier curves were drawn to investigate the prognostic value of 22 TIICs. Forward stepwise approach was used to screen a minimal set of immune cells. Multivariate Cox PHR analysis was performed to construct an immune risk score model. Results: Osteosarcoma samples with CIBERSORT output p value less than 0.05 were selected for research. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated that naive B cells (p=0.047) and Monocytes (p=0.03) in osteosarcoma are associated with poor prognosis. An immune risk score model was constructed base on eight immune cells, and the ROC curve showed that the immune risk score model is reliable in predicting the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma (AUC=0.724). Besides, a nomogram model base on eight immune cells was constructed to predict the survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma.Conclusions: TIICs are closely related to the prognosis of osteosarcoma. The immune risk score model based on TIICs is reliable in predicting the prognosis of osteosarcoma.
Land Use Land Cover Change Analysis in Fagge Local Government, Kano State from 1991-2019
Authors: Ahmad Al-amin Abbas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) are important components of the environmental system and changes in it mirror the impacts of human activities on the environment. These impacts needed to be determined in order to get a clear picture of the extent at which different land use practices change over time. This study focused on the Land use and land cover changes of Fagge local government Kano state between 1991 and 2019 and also identify the driving forces of such changes. The data for the study two 30m x 30m Landsat images (Landsat 4&8) of the two years i.e. 2019 and 1991. The two images undergo series of image analysis and classification using ArcGIS 10.7 and ENVI 5.1 and the result where presented in form of maps, charts and tables. The result also shows that the changes that occurred from 1991 to 2019 in Fagge local government to be positive and negative changes. There happen to be a positive in the size of built-up areas in Fagge from 1991 – 2019 with a change of +4.678km2. The vegetation cover experienced a negative change of -8.87km2 while the barren land also had an increase in size with a positive change of +4.199. The data collected from previous studies indicated that the main driving behind the various changes may include; urban expansion, population growth, commercial and economic activities, security, and Government law and policies. It was recommended that Sufficient land use/land cover information should be acquired, Sensitization programs on land use / land cover, Geospatial techniques should be adopted by Government and NGO’s and lastly Government policies should geared to ensuring that there is balance in the utilization of the available land in the country
The Impact of Age and Receipt Antihypertensives to Systolic Blood Pressure and Shock Index at Injury Scene and in the Emergency Department to Predict Massive Transfusion in Trauma Patients
Authors: Park Se Jin , Lee Mi Jin , Kim Changho , Jung Haewon , Kim Seong Hun , Nho Wooyoung , Seo Kang Suk , Park Jungbae , Ryoo Hyun Wook , Ahn Jae Yun , Moon Sungbae , Cho Jae Wan , Son Shin-ah 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background : Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and shock index (SI) are accurate indicators of hemodynamic instability and the need for transfusion in trauma patients. We aimed to determine whether the utility and cutoff point for SBP and SI are affected by age or antihypertensives. Methods : This was a retrospective observational study of a level 1 trauma center between January 2017 and December 2018. We analyzed the utility and cutoff points of SBP and SI for predicting massive transfusion (MT) and 30-day mortality according to patients’ age and whether they were taking antihypertensives. Results : We analyzed 4681 trauma cases. There were 1949 patients aged 65 years or older (41.6%), and 1375 (29.4%) hypertensive patients. MT was given to 137 patients (2.9%). The 30-day mortality rate was 6.3% (n = 294). In geriatric trauma patients taking antihypertensives, prehospital SBP less than 110 mmHg was the cutoff value for predicting MT in multivariate logistic regression analyses; packed red blood cell transfusion volume decreased abruptly based on prehospital SBP of 110 mmHg. Emergency Department SI greater than 1.0 was the cutoff value for the prediction of MT in patients who were older than 65 years who were not taking antihypertensives. Conclusions : The triage of trauma patients is based on the identification of clinical features that are readily identifiable by first responders. However, age and medications may also affect accurate evaluation. In initial trauma management, we must apply SBP and SI differently depending on age, whether a patient is taking antihypertensives, and the time at which the indicators are measured.
DeepBiome: a phylogenetic tree informed deep neural network for microbiome data analysis
Authors: Zhai Jing , Choi Youngwon , Chen Yin , Knox Kenneth , III Homer Twigg , Joong-Ho Won , Zhou Hua , Zhou Jin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background: Evidence linking microbiome and human health is rapidly growing. Microbiome profile can be a novel predictive biomarker for many diseases. However, bacteria count tables are typically sparse and bacteria are classified at a hierarchy of taxonomic levels, ranging from species to phylum. Existing analysis tools focus on identifying microbiome associations either at the community level or at a specific pre-defined taxonomic level. They fail to incorporate the evolutionary relationship between bacteria and cannot learn from the data to aggregate microbiome contribution, thus leading to less accurate and less interpretable results in prediction, classification or selection. Results: We present DeepBiome, a phylogney-informed neural network architecture for predicting phenotypes from microbiome counts and uncovering the microbiome-phenotype association network. It takes microbiome abundance as the input and let the phylogenetic taxonomy guide the neural network architecture. Commonly used neural network architectures are targeted towards image and text analysis and typically require huge amount of training data, which is scarce in biomedical applications. By leveraging the phylogenetic information, DeepBiome relieves the heavy burden of tuning for the optimal deep learning architecture, avoids overfitting, and more importantly enables visualizing the path from microbiome counts to disease. It is applicable to both regression and classification problems. The simulation study and real-life data analysis demonstrate that DeepBiome is highly accurate and efficient and and provides a deep understanding of complex microbiome-phenotype associations even using small to moderate training sample sizes. Conclusions: In practice, it is unknown at which taxonomic level that microbiome clusters tag the association. Therefore, the central advantage of the presented method over other analytical methods is that it offers an ecological and evolutionary understanding of host-microbe interactions which is important for microbiome-based medicine. DeepBiome is implemented using Python packages Keras and the Tensorflow. It is an open-source tool available at (https://github.com/Young-won/DeepBiome).