bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Play dough circuits: a tangible and friendly medium for understanding physics
Authors: Wuttiprom S , Wuttisela K , Khlongkhlaew K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Students consider that physics is difficult because of its abstract nature and the involvement of mathematics. One of the most difficult topics is a simple direct current circuit. Physics education research shows that students learn better when they construct their own understanding of scientific ideas within the framework of their existing knowledge. To accomplish this process, students must be motivated to engage with the content actively and be able to learn from that engagement. The purpose of this research was to compare the grade 6 students’ understanding of the scientific concept of simple direct circuits before and after participating in a STEM activity that involved the building of circuits from play dough. Twenty questions from the Interpreting Resistive Electric Circuit Concepts Test were selected to evaluate students’ reasoning regarding direct current resistive electric circuits. Findings revealed that the students’ scores working with the different conditions after learning were significantly higher than they were before learning. However, analysis on learning progress showed that the group that had to create more works had higher normalized gain than the group that created less works. When the work was analysed with rubric criteria, it illustrated that more conditions caused more complexity and diversity to the work. In short, the condition or situation set to students affected work creation.
Design of radiation shielding for the 4-MeV RF linac using the Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Jaikaew P , Rimjeam S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator (linac) and related system for irradiation of electron beam on natural rubber is under the commissioning at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory, Chiang Mai University. The maximum kinetic energy of electron beam that can be achieved from the accelerator is about 4 MeV. The bremsstrahlung radiation in the x-ray regime is produced when electrons interact with materials in the beam path. The radiation with the dose exceeding the regulation limit can be harmful for the personnel in the laboratory and public area. This research concentrates on design of radiation shielding to prevent the leakage of radiation from the accelerator area. Calculation of the photon’s energy deposition per volume due to the interactions of electron beam with materials in the irradiation system and surrounding area including the collision and bremsstrahlung processes was performed by using a Monte Carlo simulation software GEANT4. Shielding walls of the 4-MeV linac and its irradiation system consists of iron plates with the thickness of 2 cm for the side walls and 3 cm for the top wall. Results of the radiation calculation suggested that the photon’s energy deposition per volume outside the accelerator hall reduces by more than 99.5% after the shielding walls were added.
Design and test of DC motor drive system for agriculture electric vehicle
Authors: Pornharuthai P , Kuna P , Sukson S , Ekthammathat N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This research has been design a 1-seat agriculture electric vehicle modified from ATV using by DC motor 48 V 1, 000 watts. This electric vehicle has 4 batteries of 12 V 40 AH for power source. The size of the vehicle is 0.785 × 1.20 × 0.815 m, weight of about 152 kilograms. The performance test of theagriculture electric vehicle shows that the maximum speed can be achieved at average of 41.5 kilometres per hour, test by people weighting 60 kilogram. The average times for accelerated from 0-20, 0-30 and 0-40 kilometres per hour are 2.66, 4.67 and 5.84 seconds, respectively. The operating time of the electric vehicle can be used at the average of 30.50 minutes; running at an average distance of 13 kilometres with charged battery takes an average 29.88 minutes.
Biological hydrogen production from biomass at room temperature
Authors: Kodtharin N , Chanonmuang P , Tipparach U 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Hydrogen is an environmentally friendly source of renewable energy and it has a high energy yield greater than hydrocarbon fuels. In this work, we present the production of hydrogen gas by dark fermentation, a biological process. The substrate was cassava starch. The sources of hydrogen producing bacteria, Clostridium, were swine manure and buffalo dung. The inoculum sludge was pre-heated treatment at 100 °C for 2 hours. The fermented hydrogen gas can be produced at room temperature. The cassava starch concentration was 100 g/l. The maximum hydrogen yield of 80 ml hydrogen gas per gram of starch was achieved. The highest purity of hydrogen was 37% when fermented volume was 120 ml at 144 hours. Besides hydrogen gas, the product contained several undesired-impurity gases including methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphides, and water vapour.
The effect of low-pressure plasma treatment on sunflower seed germination and sprouts growth rate
Authors: Lonlua R , Sarapirom S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study presents the influence of low-pressure plasma treatment on germination behaviour of sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus). Both peeled and unpeeled seeds were treated with Ar plasma. The plasma was characterized using OES for understanding of physical and chemical species in the plasma. The physical properties and chemical properties of the samples were studied using SEM and water contact angle. Growth parameters including water uptake, seed germination, sprouts length and dry weight were also investigated. It was found that the surface roughness increased with the plasma-generating power. The water absorption decreased when the power increased and super hydrophilicity was achieved at a 100 W. The water uptake rate showed highest at 150 W plasma power. The highest rate of seed germination was found when the sunflower seeds were treated with plasma power of 150 W at 5-day sowing. Sprout length and dry weight increased with the plasma power as well. In summary, sunflower seeds treated by Ar plasma could improve seed germination rate, leading to significant change in wettability and growth parameter.
Crustal density structure across Thailand delineated from 2D density modelling using gravity data and receiver function
Authors: Nornin N , Noisagool S , Siripunvaraporn W , Amatyakul P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This work aims to gather geological and geophysical evidences to construct the crustal density model of Thailand. The initial density models beneath 14-, 16- and 17-degree latitude were delineated from receiver function (RF) data and global crustal density model. The crustal density models were then updated to fit the Bouguer gravity anomaly data (BA) provided by the Royal Thai Survey Department using a 2-D gravity modelling software. The upward continuation technique was also applied to BA for enhancing the deep structure by omitting the influence of shallow structures. The derived crustal density models agree with Thailand’s tectonic setting. The density of the upper crust increases from 2.60 to 2.64 g/cm3 from west to east, from Sibumasu to Khorat Plateau – Indochina terrane. Between these two main terranes, the obtained model reveals the back-arc island, Sukhothai arc and Inthanon Zone, with a density of 2.55 g/cm3. The higher density of the lower crust with the derived mantle boundary from RF, ranging from 30.8 km of Sibumasu in the western to 38 km in the Khorat Plateau – Indochina terrane in the east, fit well with the filtered BA. Low BA that appear in Khorat plateau is not associated with topography in area which correspond to the high-density structure above upper mantle which need further investigation. Although, the developed crustal density models agree with BA, RF and tectonic evolution of Thailand, the additional gravity survey is suggested to enhance the crustal density models along the selected profiles.
Benchmarking of GPU-based pulsar processing pipeline of 40-m Thai national radio telescope
Authors: Thongmeearkom Tinn , Jaroenjittichai Phrudth , Scragg Thomas , Walker Charlie , Breton Rene , Stappers Ben 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In recent years, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) have been widely used in several astronomical applications. The 40-m Thai National Radio telescope (TNRT) is under construction in Chiang Mai, Thailand. We conducted benchmarking of the pulsar processing software to evaluate the capabilities of a computer with Xeon E5-2630 and GPU GTX1080Ti. The pulsar software DSPSR was used to simulate raw baseband data, coherently de-disperse the data and generate a folded time-frequency-domain pulse profile. We experimented with combinations of bandwidth, the size of the sub-bands, a range of dispersion measure (DM) values, and parallel instances of DSPSR jobs. The result shows the processing time increases with higher values of bandwidth DM as expected. However, the processing time appears to decrease with the size of the sub-bands, that at the same total bandwidth the processing with 1.5625 MHz/channel is faster than those with 3.125, 6.25 and 12.5 MHz/channel by approximately 10, 25 and 50 percent, respectively. This indicates that the processing in DSPSR is best when the channel resolution is high, however, further investigation is needed to determine the highest optimal value. We also consider parallel processing and to this, one, two and four identical scripts were simultaneously executed in parallel, where we found that single job is six times faster than four simultaneous jobs. In principle, parallel computing is expected to be more efficient, however, this can be explored further to find the actual bottleneck in the pipeline and hardware.
Timing noise of 133 pulsars in the southern hemisphere
Authors: Namkham N , Jaroenjittichai P , Johnston S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Pulsars are small, dense stars which rotate up to 1500 times per second and emit radio waves in a directed beam along their magnetic axis. Pulsars are remarkably stable rotators, and by measuring the arrival times of the radio beam the pulsar can be used as a clock in space. Applications of pulsar timing have led to the first exoplanet system, stringent tests of theories of gravity and have the potential to detect gravitational waves. Yet, the pulsars spin is not perfect, and understanding the imperfections (timing noise) is important to the aforementioned applications. Here, we present the analyses of timing noise of 133 pulsars observed with the Parkes radio telescope in Australia over the period of 4 years. The results show that as consistent with pulsar toy model equations the measured breaking index, representing the magnitude of timing noise, has an anti-correlation with the spin-down rate, spin-down energy and characteristics magnetic fields, and it also has a positive correlation with the characteristics age at significant of 10σ. The error in the slope values of those relationships are in the order of 9 percent, which may imply imperfections of the pulsar toy model.
Stable isotopes relationship between precipitation and surface water, Phitsanulok
Authors: Kulsawat W , Nochit P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The stable isotope technique provides an effective way of identifying the basic hydrological processes and evaporation in the area. In this paper, the objectives were to investigate of the isotopic characteristics of the precipitation and surface water and to estimate the water evaporation loss from Yom River in the Chumsaeng Songkhram sub-district, Phitsanulok province for 2 years during 2016-2017. Results shown that the Local Meteoric Water Line (LMWL) was defined as δ2H = 7.346 δ18O + 2.141 (R2 = 0.98) with a slope of less than 8, indicating that some non-equilibrium evaporation processes occurred when the drops fell below the cloud base. The isotopic regression line for the surface water was δ2H = 3.543 δ18O –19.227 (R2 = 0.95). The slope of surface water (∼ 3.543) was less than the LMWL (∼ 7.346) which indicated the enrichment effect of evaporation. It revealed that the isotope composition of surface water had a linear relationship with precipitation (R2 = 0.26) and enable to determine the evaporation loss of surface water. The stable isotopes of precipitation and surface water were combined with meteorological data to calculate the evaporation to inflow ratio (E/I) of Yom River in the study site during dry season (November-April) was 22.54% and during wet season (May-October) was 6.42 %.
A system displaying equipotential lines from electrodes in real time
Authors: Fongsuwan C , Teangsriwan P , Traiwan C , Buaprathoom S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Electric field is a fundamental quantity that is studied in the secondary and university levels. For the study, an experiment of finding equipotential lines from the charged electrodes is conducted. For the general experiment, the electric potentials are measured at various positions around the electrodes using a voltmeter. The measured data are then manually plotted to a graph to show the equipotential line. This experimental method is time-consuming (more than 1 hour in experiment). It is complicated to study of multiple electrodes using this experiment. Therefore, this research developed an experimental set that can display equipotential lines from various electrodes in real time. The developed experimental set uses a microcontroller (Arduino MEGA) to control a stepper motor to determine measuring positions of electric potential and measure electric potential at various positions around the electrodes (point of charge), automatically. The measured electric potentials and positions were plotted in contour graph to display patterns of the equipotential lines via a computer. The experimental set was tested using 2, 3 and 4 electrodes. The results showed that the developed system was able to display the equipotential lines of the electrodes within 2 minutes. The patterns of the equipotential lines were consistent with the equipotential lines generated from the theory. The correlations of the electric potential values from the experiments and the theoretical simulations for the systems of 2, 3 and 4 electrodes were 0.9452, 0.8691 and 0.9193, respectively. These results demonstrate that the presented experimental set can be used to display the equipotential lines from the electrodes effectively.
Cleaning contactor pins by laser
Authors: Topisit P , Ngamrungroj D , Duangchan S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In semiconductor final electrical testing manufacturing, the contactor pin is very important component as to make a contact between leads of devices to test hardware circuits. The contactor pins are made from metal alloy material which provide a good electrical conductive. In daily test manufacturing, the contactor pins may be up to several thousand contacting insertions, which will collect of many dust at their tips of contactor pins. The classic traditional cleaning of the contactor pins typically use abrasive cleaning, such as brush. In this research, we present the using of laser application to clean the contactor pins with Laser cleaning machine IMT model 600MV with Nd:YAG laser type. The optimized parameter setting up on the laser cleaning machine are studied with varies of number of pulse shot between 2-4 pulses, distance between the tip of contactor between 2-4 inches and energy of the Laser beam between 15-250 mJ/pulse. The cantilever contact pin type of majority used in one of IC Test manufacturing have been put into the evaluation. The testing of the cleaning effects is performed by optical power scope and scanning electron microscopy, including the analysis of metallic pin surface impacted was done by the EDX analyses. The parameters for cleaning effectiveness and safe cleaning of pins corrosion in metallic surface were determined.
Two conserved angular momenta in Schwarzschild spacetime geodesics
Authors: Musiri S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The present study investigated the geodesic paths in the 3+1 dimensional Schwarzschild spacetime. Four conserved parameters were found: the first is the conserved total energy: the second is the coordinate-invariant metrics: and the final two are the angular momenta (Pθ
and Pφ
) in the spherical coordinate. For θ = π/2 and when excluding a 1/c
2 term in the equation of motion, we recover the orbit equation of the two-body problem. But when not excluding that term, we recover the orbit precession, e.g. the perihelion precession of Mercury. When the value θ is not fixed, we found the equation of motion to be the radius r(θ) as a function of θ, which is similar to the function r(φ) for a fixed value of θ.
Modular panel house design with prefabricated production technology
Authors: Soegoto E S , Subarjat R , Valentina T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to get efficient home needs from modular panel houses at low cost and have a comfort factor and describe the design of the modular panel type house. This research method used the descriptive quantitative method, with research subjects describing the modular panel house design with its criteria. With the modular panel house building method would be easier with low costs compared to conventional because the industrial process was carried out with prefabrication, and pay attention to ecological factors in the building. Designed houses of modular panel house are built at low cost, taking into account thermal comfort factors and have eco-architectural values so that they can influence people’s interest in this type of house.
Safety factor analysis of landslides hazard as a result of rain condition infiltration on Buyan-Beratan Ancient Mountain
Authors: Sinarta I N , Basoka I W A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Disaster of soil movement from NDMA (National Disaster Management Authority) of Indonesia mention from 2003-2017 shows the increasing. Investigation of potential ground motion based on sampling data of boring test on slopes along the Denpasar-Singaraja road around Gitgit Village which provides the greatest threat to settlements and public facilities. This research is expected to show the influence of rainfall on slope stability. This research is expected to show the influence of rainfall on slope stability. Furthermore, safety factor analysis based on daily rainfall data and numerical analysis was assisted by SLOPE/W and SEEP/W software tools. The analysis was carried out using a normal, heavy, and very heavy rain model. Safety factor declined after the 3rd day of rain after that the safety factor dropped to the 6th day with a safety factor 1.141 indicating the condition to be critical. The result shows the effect of rainfall decreasing safety factor after the second day of rain and the fourth day of safety factor shows a value of 1.003 where the slope is in a critical condition leading to failure, these results can be used to make early warning system of landslide hazard.
The usage of a value engineering method for implementing green construction on the post graduate’s building at Warmadewa University
Authors: Suranata P G , Wahyuni P I , Triswandana I W G E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Green construction is a planning and implementation construction project with adjustment of construction methods and materials in order to minimize the negative effects from implementation of a construction project to the environment so that it can provide a balance between the environment ability and the needs of human beings. Each project construction certainly produce waste due to the construction method or material selection, therefore needed adjustment for construction method and material selection to reduce trash produced at the construction project. Replacement of construction methods and materials we’re not immediately be done to achieving green construction but first thorough analysis of value engineering. On this research, value engineering methods were used because it will conduct a systematic and creative approach and aims to obtain the best value a project with green construction used as a parameter to reach the required target values. This research takes places at Post Graduate’s Building on Warmadewa University where review focused on item or work that potentially produce waste construction waste. Obtained from this research that reducing the usage of wood like materials such as conventional formwork and lambersering solid wood were able to provide solid savings at least 11.50 % and also reducing construction waste.
Effect of changes in climatological parameters on water flow
Authors: Permana S , Susetyaningsih A , Zhafirah A , Mulyana S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The existence of rivers in an area is essential because it is often used by the community for daily needs. In addition to the availability of raw water, it is also used for agricultural purposes. Cipalebuh River with 42 km2 of river flow area is a river in the southern part of Garut Regency; this river is used for drinking water supply and for irrigating 1016 ha of the rice field area. The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of changes in the Cipalebuh river flow due to changes in climatological parameters such as average air temperature, average relative humidity, average wind speed, duration of solar radiation, air pressure, and solar radiation. The rainfall stations in the Cipalebuh river basin are the Pameungpeuk and Cisompet rainfall stations. Calculation of discharge using simulation method from F.J. Mock, while calculating evapotranspiration with the Penman-Monteith method. The apparent need for water in the rice fields is 1.4 lt/sec/ha. Based on the results of the calculation of the effect of changes in climatology parameters significantly influence the flow of water in the Cipalebuh river, so that the availability of raw water and irrigation is not much disturbed.
Model of ecological approaches to build community response to flood disasters
Authors: Susetyaningsih A , Permana S , Johari G J , Chandrahadinata D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In seeing the threat of a disaster, the community must have the capability to respond. Disaster risk increases for those who do not prepare themselves for the possibility of a disaster. The purpose of this study is to model the harmony of human interaction with the environment in which they live. Behavioural awareness of people living in disaster-prone areas can increase community resilience to disasters. The ecological approach is used to see the interaction of the community with its physical environment. The data of this study were obtained through in-depth observation and interviews of residents living on the banks of the Cimanuk river in Garut City District. Respondents were randomly selected from the community on the banks of the Cimanuk river affected by the Banjir Bandang in 2016. The results of the interviews were analyzed qualitatively. Physical environmental factors that form the adaptation of community behaviour are land characteristics, rainfall, river border conditions. Community behaviour in dealing with disaster risk is determined by the perception of self-determination that shapes attitudes and awareness of the safety of life and property. There are also social norms that strengthen people’s attitudes in disaster response efforts. River embankments, water monitoring posts, evacuation routes, funding sources, and institutions are supporting infrastructure for community interaction in responding to potential flood disasters and being a necessity in building disaster response communities.