bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY OF STREPTOCOCCUS THERMOPHILUS BACTERIA AS PRODUCERS OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDESDEVELOPMENT OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGY OF STREPTOCOCCUS THERMOPHILUS BACTERIA AS PRODUCERS OF EXOPOLYSACCHARIDES
Authors: Naumenko O. , Danylenko S. , Bal-Prylypko L. , Gunko S. , Melnik I. 
Published: November 2020

On carrying out a screening, phage-resistant strains of Streptococcus thermophilus have been selected. As producers of exopolysaccharides, they can be used to form the texture of fermented milk and improve the rheological properties of fermented milk products in a natural, effective, and safe way. It has been suggested to use analysis of the capsule-formation of strains as an express method to evaluate the rheological properties. The technology of the bacterial concentrate Iprovit – Streptococcus thermophilus with phage-resistant producers of exopolysaccharides has been developed. The following technological modes were used: growing in a growth medium with the ratio of carbohydrates to soluble nitrogen C:N=3.5; biomass stabilisation (10% inulin protective medium, freezing at minus 60±1°C for 16±2 h, drying for 24±2 h to 32±1°C, moisture content in the preparation not more than 5%). These modes allowed obtaining 7.83±0.02 g of bacterial concentrate from 1 dm3 of the growth medium. Depending on the strain of Streptococcus thermophilus, the dry bacterial concentrate contained 4.4×1011–1.1×1011 CFU/g of active microbiota. A technique has been developed that allows improving the rheological properties of fermented milk products by blending bacterial preparations to produce various products with concentrate of the Streptococcus thermophilus strain. The optimal formulations of the mixtures have been selected. This has made it possible to modify the rheological characteristics of fermented products without using other thickeners. The effective viscosity of the products obtained has been increased by 13.3–54.3%, depending on the formulation of the mixture. The biotechnology of the bacterial concentrate Iprovit – Streptococcus thermophilus was implemented at the State Research Enterprise of the Institute of Food Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine. Manufacture of the concentrate is regulated by the regulatory documents developed and approved: TU 15.5-00419880-100:2010 “Dry and liquid fermenting cultures. Specifications,” Technological Instructions for production of the fermented cultures IPROVIT for TU 15.5-00419880-100:2010 “Dry and liquid fermenting cultures. Specifications.” The novelty of the technological solutions was confirmed by Copyright Registration Certificate No. 51033.
RESEARCH ON THE EFFECT OF SUPER HIGH FREQUENCY FIELD ON GREEN TEA EXTRACTION AND EXTRACT QUALITY
Authors: Rubanka K. , Bessarab A. , Terletska V. 
Published: November 2020

The article characterises non-brick green tea as a product of mass consumption. It has been described how practical it is to produce liquid extracts based on it and use them further in the non- alcoholic drinks technology. Achieving high yields of extractives from tea requires intensification of the mass transfer process. The analysis of scientific sources has shown that pre-treatment of raw materials is one of the most promising methods for this purpose. The article presents comparative characteristics of green tea extracts obtained using pre- treatment in the super high frequency field and of ones produced without it. The optimal power of the super high frequency field for extracts heated up to 60°С has been selected and analysed. If the energy of super high frequency is applied to a fresh mixture of tea and an extractant, with its further extraction in a rotary extractor IKA-RV-10 at the dilution 280 mBr, the yield of extractives doubles. The action of the microwave field leads to a 40% increase in the content of extractives in the resulting extract: the yield of phenolic substances increases by 44%, of caffeine by 45%, of substances with vitamin P activity by 23%, compared with the extracts produced without additional treatment. However, the chlorophyll and aldehyde content decreases. Pre-treatment with super high frequency energy in the course of green tea extraction helps effectively extract phenolic compounds like catechins that affect the taste of final beverages. This technique allows doubling the yield of catechins. Besides, it has been confirmed that the chemical composition (namely the quantity of hydroxyl groups in the catechin structure) determines the intensity of the transition of catechins into the composition of the extract. The findings on the safety of the extracts obtained have allowed establishing that though the contents of mercury, arsenic, lead, copper, and iron increase, they do not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. This proves the safety of the extracts produced. The research results obtained make it possible to intensify the plant extract production technology without using any special extractors.
¿Las características de los parques promueven un uso diferente por género en niños y adolescentes?
Authors: Camargo Diana , Ramírez Muñoz Paula Camila , Quiroga Arciniegas Vanessa , Anaya Duarte Luis Felipe , Salamanca Coy Gineth Patricia , Usuga Mendoza Natalia 
Published: November 2020

Introducción: La disponibilidad y calidad de la infraestructura de los parques juegan un papel importante en el uso y el comportamiento activo de niños y adolescentes.
Métodos: Entre agosto y diciembre de 2015 se seleccionaron 10 parques públicos en Bucaramanga (Colombia); su calidad fue evaluada con el Physical Activity Resource Assessment – PARA; el número de usuarios por sexo y grupo etario mediante el System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities – SOPARC. Las características de infraestructura se midieron mediante fotogrametría con vehículos aéreos no tripulados (UAV Ebee) y un escáner laser terrestre TLS - RIEGL VZ-400. Las asociaciones se exploraron con pruebas de c2 y coeficientes de correlación de Spearman.
Resultados: Se realizaron 17671 observaciones, los hombres visitaron más los parques (65,3%), especialmente entre 3:00 y 7:00 p.m, con más niños durante el fin de semana y adolescentes entre semana. Se observaron bajos porcentajes de calidad en los parques (25%-49%). La disponibilidad de áreas verdes, árboles, área del parque y calidad en la accesibilidad se asociaron positiva y significativamente con la visita de mujeres adolescentes.
Conclusión: Las características del medio ambiente construido se asocian con el número de usuarios de manera diferencial por grupo etario y género, información útil para los planeadores urbanos y tomadores de decisión para la renovación y generación del espacio público relativo a los parques.
Enfance
Authors: Girard Marie-Pier 
Published: November 2020

Les études contemporaines de l’enfance permettent d’établir que la conception des premières années qui prévaut aujourd’hui et qui se trouve enchâssée dans la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant (CRDE) est historiquement et culturellement spécifique. L’anthropologie doit rester critique au regard des discours hégémoniques sur l’enfance et des pratiques globalisées intervenant sur les enfances « autres », tout en poursuivant un engagement auprès des filles et des garçons qui subissent des violations à leurs droits.
Cyclic evolution of phytoplankton forced by changes in tropical seasonality
Authors: Beaufort Luc , Bolton Clara , Sarr Anta-Clarisse , Sucheras-Marx Baptiste , Rosenthal Yair , Donnadieu Yannick , Barbarin Nicolas , Bova Samantha , Cornuault Pauline , Gally Yves , Gray Emmeline , Mazur Jean-Charles , Tetard Martin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The effect of global climate cycles driven by Earth’s orbital variations on evolution is poorly understood because of difficulties achieving sufficiently-resolved records of past evolution. The fossil remains of coccolithophores, a key calcifying phytoplankton group, enable an exceptional assessment of the impact of cyclic orbital-scale climate change on evolution because of their abundance in marine sediments, and because coccolithophores demonstrate extreme morphological plasticity in response to the changing environment1,2. Recently, evolutionary genetic analyses linked broad changes in Pleistocene fossil coccolith morphology to species radiation events3. Here, using high-resolution coccolith data, we show that during the last 2.8 million years coccolithophore evolution was forced by Earth’s orbital eccentricity with rhythms of ~100,000 years and 405,000 years - a distinct spectral signature to that of coeval global climate cycles4. Simulations with an Earth System Model5 including the marine carbon cycle6 demonstrate that eccentricity directly impacts the diversity of ecological niches occurring over the annual cycle in the tropical ocean. Reduced seasonality favours species with mid-size coccoliths that bloom year-round, increasing coccolith carbonate export and burial. We posit that eccentricity pacing of phytoplankton evolution contributed to the strong 405,000-year pacing seen in records of the global carbon cycle.
The Impact of Okun Misery Index on Out-of-pocket-payments in the Iranian Healthcare System
Authors: Rezapour Aziz , Ghorbani Salar , Mahmoud Eisavi , Faradonbeh Saeed Bagheri 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction: One criterion to measure the achievement of a government's performance is stability and decreasing the misery index that is the sum of inflation and unemployment. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of misery index on patients' out-of-pocket-payments in the Iranian healthcare system. Methods: This paper has used time-series data from 2000 to 2016 and it used three methods to examine the relationship between variables. First, the Dickey-Fuller test was used to evaluate the stationary of variables. Second, the Toda-Yamamoto causality test was used to test causality between variables. Third, Auto-Regressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) was used to test the long-run relationship. Analyzing data was conducted by Eviews 9 software.Results: The results showed that there was a bi-directional causal relationship between the misery index and the out-of-pocket-payments of patients in the health system. Also, increasing 1 unit of misery index increased 1.33 units of out-of-pocket-payments. The correction error coefficient was -0.435 that meant this amount was adjusted per period. In other words, it lasted more than 2 years and less than 3 years that the Nonequilibrium points converge to their long-run points of the relationship.Conclusion: Implementing appropriate policies in order to reduce unemployment and inflation rate can decline the out-of-pocket-payments in the Iranian healthcare system.
In&nbsp;Vitro/In&nbsp;Vivo Evaluation of Sustained Release of Glucagon-Like&nbsp;Peptide-1&nbsp;(GLP-1)&nbsp;from Nanocomposite Hydrogel to Induce Angiogenesis
Authors: Kiaei Nasim , Aghdam Rouhollah Mehdinavaz 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a proglucagon hormone with cardioprotective effects and angiogenic ability. Results: Chitosan nanoparticles (65nm) possess the ability to encapsulate 65±4.1% of the GLP-1 used for the formulation of nanoparticles. Freeze-dried gels containing these particles released 40% of the total loaded GLP-1 during 192 hours. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was done to observe the morphology of particles both alone or when embedded into a gel. Results of in vivo studies and histological images showed that following the gradual release of GLP-1, new vessels formed into and around gels implanted into the back of rats. Through Drabkin assay, it was observed that the concentration of hemoglobin in the samples containing GLP-1 loading were similar to samples with VEGF loading, while a significant difference exists between hemoglobin concentration in sponges with or without GLP-1 release (P<0.05). Conclusion: Sustained release of GLP-1 induced new vessel formation in a subcutaneous in vivo model of angiogenesis. This system has the potential to induce angiogenesis in myocardial infarction situations.
WITHDRAWN: Spermine Protects Intestinal Barrier Integrity Through Rac1/PLC-γ1 Signalling Pathway in Piglets
Authors: Liu Guangmang , Xu Xiaomei , Wu Caimei , Jia Gang , Zhao Hua , Chen Xiaoling , Wang Jing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Weaning stress can lead to the disruption of tight junctions and increased intestinal permeabilty, which contributes to the initiation and development of many disease, such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Pigs are more ideal models for human studies than other animals. However, no information is found about the relationship of intestinal integrity and spermine supplementation in pigs. The objective of this study is to investigate whether spermine protects intestinal barrier integrity via Rac1/PLC-γ1 signalling pathway in piglets. Methods: In vivo, the piglets were categorised into the control group and the spermine group, which was fed with spermine at 0.4 mmol kg−1 body weight for 7 hours and 3, 6 and 9 days. In vitro, we examined whether spermine protects the intestinal barrier after TNF-α challenge through Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1)/Phospho-lipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1) signalling pathway. Results: In vivo study revealed that the spermine treatment upregulated tight junction protein mRNA levels and Rac1/PLC-γ1 signalling pathway gene expression in the jejunum of piglets. The serum D-lactate content was significantly reduced after spermine treatment (P < 0.05). In vitro study revealed that 0.1 μM spermine significantly increased the levels of tight junction protein expression, Rac1/PLC-γ1 signalling pathway and transepithelial electrical resistance, and decreased paracellular permeability (P < 0.05). Further experiments showed that spermine treatment increased the levels of tight junction protein expression, Rac1/PLC-γ1 signalling pathway and transepithelial electrical resistance, and decreased paracellular permeability compared with the NSC-23766 and U73122 treatment with spermine after TNF-α challenge (P < 0.05). Conclusion: spermine protects intestinal integrity through the Rac1/PLC-γ1 signalling pathway.
Effect of Solid-State Fermentation on Nutritional Quality of Leaf Flour of The Drumstick Tree (Moringa Oleifera Lam.)
Authors: Shi Honghui , Yang Endian , Li Yun , Chen Xiaoyang , Zhang Junjie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The drumstick tree is a fast-growing multipurpose tree with a large biomass and high nutritional value. However, it has rarely been exploited as a protein source. This study investigated solid-state fermentation induced by Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans and Bacillus subtilis to obtain high-quality protein feed from drumstick leaf flour. Results: Solid-state fermentation induced significant changes in the nutritional composition of drumstick leaf flour. The concentrations of crude protein, small peptides and amino acids increased significantly after fermentation. The protein profile was also affected by the fermentation process. Macromolecular proteins in drumstick leaf flour were degraded, whereas other high molecular weight proteins were increased. However, the concentrations of crude fat, fiber, total sugar and reducing sugar were decreased, as were the anti-nutritional factors tannins, phytic acid and glucosinolates. After 24 h fermentation, the concentrations of total phenolics and flavonoids were increased. The antioxidant capacity was also significantly enhanced. Conclusions: The results suggested that the feed quality of drumstick leaves was greatly improved by solid-state fermentation.
Molecular Insight into the Knockdown Resistance (kdr) in the Voltage Gated Sodium Channel (vgsc) Gene of the Main Dengue Vector, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and the Discovery of Novel Regional Specific Point Mutation A1007G in Malaysia.
Authors: Akhir Mas Azlin M. , Wajidi Mustafa F. F. , Lavoué Sébastien , Azzam Ghows , Jaafar Izhan Shahrin , Besar Noor Aslinda Ummi Awang Besar Awang , Ishak Intan Haslina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Characterization of the insecticide resistance mechanism imparts the society with the information on the evolutionary process involved in the adaptation of Aedes aegypti mosquito to environmental changes. Investigating the phenotypic status of the target mosquitoes, their resistance level as well as elucidating the genotypic profile provides information about the involvement of insecticide resistance mechanism, in terms of portraying the evolution of resistance in the field, to eventually managing vector control programs. In this current study, we investigated the quantification responses for the phenotypic and genotypic resistance of Ae. aegypti population from different states in Malaysia. Methods: We tested insecticide susceptibility status of adult Ae. aegypti from populations of States of Penang, Selangor and Kelantan (Peninsular Malaysia) against permethrin 0.25% and pirimiphos-methyl 0.25% through WHO bioassay kit. Permethrin-resistant and permethrin susceptible samples were then genotyped for domains II and III in the voltage gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene using allele specific PCR (AS-PCR) for the presence of diagnostic single nucleotide mutations. AS-PCR results were then validated in sequencing these two domains to identify any possible additional point mutations. Results: Adult WHO bioassay revealed that populations of Ae. aegypti from these three states were highly resistant towards Permethrin 0.25% and Pirimiphos-methyl 0.25%. Genotyping results showed that three knockdown (kdr) mutations (i.e. S989P, V1016G and F1534C) were associated with pyrethroid resistance in these populations. We also report for the first time the presence of the A1007G mutation in Malaysian populations of Ae. aegypti.Conclusions: This study brings an insight on the occurrence and association of point mutations with insecticide resistance in Malaysian populations of Ae. aegypti. The results reveal the widespread of several kdr mutations in the field with the consequence to compromise the use of pyrethroid insecticides in vector control programmes. Knowledge on the distribution of target site resistance throughout Malaysia is vital to ensure the success of the insecticide-based vector control program.
Outcome and Associated Factors Among Patients Admitted With Perforated Peptic Ulcer in Dessie Referal Hospital: Document Review.
Authors: Zerefa Wondwossen Amtataw , Tegegne Tesfaye Birhane , Yimer Teka , Melese Wolde , Necho Mogese 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPeptic ulcer disease is resulted from imbalances between aggressive factors such as stomach acid, pepsin and mucosa defense barriers. Potentially, associated with life-threatening complications, including bleeding, perforation, penetration, and obstruction. The magnitude and main reasons for this problem is not well known in north east Ethiopia specifically in Dessie referral hospital. ObjectiveTo determine outcomes and associated factors among patients admitted with perforated peptic ulcer disease at Dessie Referral Hospital.MethodsA retrospective cross sectional study was conducted in Dessie Referral Hospital by revising three years patient card registry data from June 1/ 2016 - May 30/2019 G.C and data were collected using data abstracting checklist. All patients for whom laparotomy were done for perforated peptic ulcer disease during the study period were included. After checking data for completeness entered and cleaned using Epi info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 and binary logistic regression model were used for testing the presence and strength of association. ResultA total of 101 patients were studied. Males outnumbered than females by a ratio of 19.2: 1. The mean age of patients (SD) was 36.05 (±16.56) years. Most perforations were located on the first part of duodenum 93 (92.1%). Among majority of respondents 98 (97%) had Graham’s omental patch of the perforations. There were fifty eight post-operative complications recorded in eighteen (17.8%) patients. Superficial surgical site infection (11.9%), wound dehiscence (6.9%), respiratory infections (14.9%), post-operative collections (7.9%), acute kidney injury (5%) and ECF (1%) complications were identified. Comorbidity [AOR: 9.6(1.451-62.432)], SBP<90mmHg [AOR: 4.82(1.292-17.803)] and age above 50 years [AOR: 6.05(1.612-22.601)] were significantly associated with post-operative complication of perforated peptic ulcer. Conclusion and recommendationComplication and mortality rates in this study were lower than other study findings. Advanced age, co-morbidities, late presentation and hypotension were most important factors affecting patient’s out come in perforated peptic ulcer disease. Referral system should be improved to early interventions for better outcome. Post-operative analgesic, chest physiotherapy and appropriate wound care may decrease post-operative complications of perforated peptic ulcer disease.
Lipidomics Identified Lyso-phosphatidylcholine&nbsp;and Phosphatidylethanolamine&nbsp;as Novel&nbsp;Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Yu Bo , Wang Jizhe 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective Laryngeal cancer (LaC) remains one of the most common tumors of the respiratory tract with higher incidence in men than in women. The larynx is a small but vital organ on the neck. The dysfunction of the larynx can cause serious health problems such as hoarseness, respiratory distress, and dysphonia. Lipid has been recognized as a crucial role in tumorigenesis. However, the lipid biomarkers is lacking and the lipid molecular pathogenesis of LaC has remained obscure to date. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential Methods To identify new LaC-related lipid biomarkers used for the diagnosis or early diagnosis of LaC and to uncover their molecular characteristics, we conducted serum lipidomics study from LaC patients (n = 29) and normal controls (NC) (n = 36) using nontargeted lipidomics profiling based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)/Q-TOF 5600 Plus mass spectrometry. Multivariate and univariate statistics analyses were used to discriminate LaC patients from NC. Results As expected, a lipid panel including LPC (16:0) and PE (18:0p_20:4) was found to distinguish the LaC patients from healthy individuals with very high diagnosis performance (area under the curve (AUC) = 1.000, sensitivity = 1.000, and specificity = 1.000). In addition, the levels of Cer, CerG1, SM, PC, PC-O, PE, PI, PS, and ChE in the LaC group significantly increased as compared with the NC group. However, the levels of LPC, LPC-O, LPE, LPE-p, and DG in the LaC group significantly deceased when the one was compared with the NC group. Among significantly changed lipid species, lysophospholipids containing a palmitoyl chain or an arachidonic acid acyl chain remarkably decreased and phospholipids including a palmitoyl chain or an arachidonic acid acyl chain increased in the LaC patients. Conclusion Our results not only indicate that lipidomics is powerful tool to explore abnormal lipid metabolism for the laC, but suggest that lysophospholipids and phospholipids may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of laC.