bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complement activation in sickle cell disease: Dependence on cell density, hemolysis and modulation by hydroxyurea therapy
Authors: Roumenina Lubka T. , Chadebech Philippe , Bodivit Gwellaouen , Vieira‐Martins Paula , Grunenwald Anne , Boudhabhay Idris , Poillerat Victoria , Pakdaman Sadaf , Kiger Laurent , Jouard Alicia , Audureau Etienne , Pirenne France , Galactéros Frédéric , Frémeaux‐Bacchi Véronique , Bartolucci Pablo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe complement system is an innate immune defense cascade that can cause tissue damage when inappropriately activated. Evidence for complement over activation has been reported in small cohorts of patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). However, the mechanism governing complement activation in SCD has not been elucidated. Here, we observe that the plasma concentration of sC5b‐9, a reliable marker for terminal complement activation, is increased at steady state in 61% of untreated SCD patients. We show that greater complement activation in vitro is promoted by SCD erythrocytes compared to normal ones, although no significant differences were observed in the regulatory proteins CD35, CD55, and CD59 in whole blood. Complement activation is positively correlated with the percentage of dense sickle cells (DRBCs). The expression levels of CD35, CD55, and CD59 are reduced in DRBCs, suggesting inefficient regulation when cell density increases. Moreover, the surface expression of the complement regulator CD46 on granulocytes was inversely correlated with the plasma sC5b‐9. We also show increased complement deposition in cultured human endothelial cells incubated with SCD serum, which is diminished by the addition of the heme scavenger hemopexin. Treatment of SCD patients with hydroxyurea produces substantial reductions in complement activation, measured by sC5b‐9 concentration and upregulation of CD46, as well as decreased complement activation on RBCs in vitro. In conclusion, complement over activation is a common pathogenic event in SCD that is associated with formation of DRBCs and hemolysis. And, it affects red cells, leukocytes and endothelial cells. This complement over activation is partly alleviated by hydroxyurea therapy.
Macaca leonina has a wider niche breadth than sympatric M. mulatta in a fragmented tropical forest in southwest China
Authors: Sun Nan , Cao Guanghong , Li Guogang , Liu Zehua , Quan Rui‐Chang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNiche differentiation has long been identified as an essential stabilizing mechanism for the coexistence of sympatric species. Using camera trapping data obtained during 2012–2016, we identified Macaca leonina and M. mulatta as the dominant macaque species in the Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve (NRW‐NNR), a tropical forest in southwestern China. In general, M. leonina exhibited a wider distribution and greater niche breadth than co‐occurring M. mulatta. According to a fitted maximum entropy model (MaxEnt), M. leonina was predicted to predominantly occur in forest at higher elevation, whereas M. mulatta was predicted at lower elevation; the broadleaved evergreen forest was predicted as the most suitable vegetation for both species to inhabit, while the unsuitable area was bordered by rubber plantation, in which both food scarcity and human disturbance restricted the movement of macaques. Although the niches of these two species highly overlapped across space and time, we also found evidence for their spatiotemporal niche differentiation. When the two species inhabited independent areas with different elevations and vegetation, they maintained a similar activity pattern; however, in the zones of overlap, their activity patterns differed significantly. Further comparative field studies of these two macaques, considering other niche dimensions, are required to ensure their coexistence and long‐term conservation.
Dictating Thermodynamic Control through Tethering: Applications to Stereoselective Bis‐Spiroketal Synthesis
Authors: Asari Austin H. , Floreancig Paul E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractApproaches to stereocontrol that invoke thermodynamic control fail when two or more potential products are energetically similar, but rational structural perturbations can be employed to break the energetic degeneracy and provide selective transformations. This manuscript illustrates that tethering is an effective approach for the stereoselective construction of bis‐spiroketals with thermodynamically similar stereoisomers, providing a new approach to set remote stereocenters and prepare complex structures that have not previously been accessed stereoselectively.
Dendrite‐Free Sodium Metal Anodes Enabled by a Sodium Benzenedithiolate‐Rich Protection Layer
Authors: Zhu Ming , Wang Guanyao , Liu Xing , Guo Bingkun , Xu Gang , Huang Zhongyi , Wu Minghong , Liu Hua‐Kun , Dou Shi‐Xue , Wu Chao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSodium metal is an ideal anode material for metal rechargeable batteries, owing to its high theoretical capacity (1166 mAh g−1), low cost, and earth‐abundance. However, the dendritic growth upon Na plating, stemming from unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film, is a major and most notable problem. Here, a sodium benzenedithiolate (PhS2Na2)‐rich protection layer is synthesized in situ on sodium by a facile method that effectively prevents dendrite growth in the carbonate electrolyte, leading to stabilized sodium metal electrodeposition for 400 cycles (800 h) of repeated plating/stripping at a current density of 1 mA cm−2. The organic salt, PhS2Na2, is found to be a critical component in the protection layer. This finding opens up a new and promising avenue, based on organic sodium slats, to stabilize sodium metals with a protection layer.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydrogen‐Atom Transfer Induces Bicyclizations that Tolerate Electron‐Rich and Electron‐Deficient Intermediate Alkenes
Authors: Vrubliauskas Darius , Vanderwal Christopher D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA novel CoII‐catalyzed polyene cyclization was developed that is uniquely effective when performed in hexafluoroisopropanol as the solvent. The process is presumably initiated by metal‐catalyzed hydrogen‐atom transfer (MHAT) to 1,1‐disubstituted or monosubstituted alkenes, and the reaction is remarkable for its tolerance of internal alkenes bearing either electron‐rich methyl or electron‐deficient nitrile substituents. Electron‐rich aromatic terminators are required in both cases. Terpenoid scaffolds with different substitution patterns are obtained with excellent diastereoselectivities, and the bioactive C20‐oxidized abietane diterpenoid carnosaldehyde was made to showcase the utility of the nitrile‐bearing products. Also provided are the results of several mechanistic experiments that suggest the process features an MHAT‐induced radical bicyclization with late‐stage oxidation to regenerate the aromatic terminator.
Construction of Hierarchical Hollow Co9S8/ZnIn2S4 Tubular Heterostructures for Highly Efficient Solar Energy Conversion and Environmental Remediation
Authors: Zhang Guping , Chen Dongyun , Li Najun , Xu Qingfeng , Li Hua , He Jinghui , Lu Jianmei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVisible‐light‐responsive hierarchical Co9S8/ZnIn2S4 tubular heterostructures are fabricated by growing 2D ZnIn2S4 nanosheets on 1D hollow Co9S8 nanotubes. This design combines two photoresponsive sulfide semiconductors in a stable heterojunction with a hierarchical hollow tubular structure, improving visible‐light absorption, yielding a large surface area, exposing sufficient catalytically active sites, and promoting the separation and migration of photogenerated charges. The hierarchical nanotubes exhibit excellent photocatalytic H2 evolution and CrVI reduction efficiency. Under visible‐light illumination, the optimized Co9S8/ZnIn2S4 heterostructure provides a remarkable H2 generation rate of 9039 μmol h−1 g−1 without the use of any co‐catalysts and CrVI is completely reduced in 45 min. The Co9S8/ZnIn2S4 heterostructure is stable after multiple photocatalytic cycles.
Nanocellulose‐based polymer composites for energy applications—A review
Authors: Lasrado Dylan , Ahankari Sandeep , Kar Kamal 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTWith rapid fossil fuel consumption and ecological concerns, alternative options of green energy development and its efficient storage technology is an emergent area of research. Nanocellulose is observed to be a very‐promising sustainable and environmentally friendly nanomaterial for green and renewable electronics for advanced electrochemical energy conversion/conservation devices. This review begins with a basic introduction on the sources and properties of nanocellulose. It provides an overview of the recent advancements made by researchers in integrating nanocellulose with active materials to form a flexible film/aerogel/3D structures as a substrate for powering portable electronics, electric vehicles, etc. The review highlights the use of nanocellulose‐based composites in energy conversion devices such as solar cells, piezoelectric materials, and lithium ion batteries. Recent research shows that the power conversion efficiency of solar cells and the piezoelectric performance of piezoelectric materials can be increased when the matrix is reinforced with nanocellulose. The review also focuses on the updates of nanocellulose‐based composites in separators, binders, and electrodes of energy conservation devices such as supercapacitors, and energy capture devices such as CO2 separators. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48959.
Enhanced oil/water separation via electrospun poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐vinyl acetate)/single‐wall carbon nanotubes fibrous nanocomposite membrane
Authors: Khalaf Doaa M. , Elkatlawy Saeid M. , Sakr Abdel‐Hamid A. , Ebrahim Shaker M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐vinyl acetate) (P(AN‐co‐VA)) reinforced by 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% w/w functionalized single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), fibrous nanocomposites were fabricated using electrospinning technique. Functional analysis revealed the presence of hydroxyl band which is characteristic of the carboxylated SWCNTs. Morphological analysis manifested neatly uniform nanofibers with an average fiber diameter varying from 62 to 308 nm depending on the processing conditions of electrospinning. Contact angle measurements showed a decline in the contact angle by increasing carboxylated SWCNTs contents. Oil/water separation was assessed using dead‐end module under different testing conditions and showed an excellent performance. The maximum rejection ratio for the oil/water separation test for the electrospun fibrous nanocomposite was about 97.5% for 0.5 wt% carboxylated SWCNTs. These results conveyed the promising performance of electrospun P(AN‐co‐VA)/SWCNTs nanocomposite membranes for oil/water separation technology.
Manufacturing biological medicines on demand: Safety and efficacy of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor in a mouse model of total body irradiation
Authors: Adiga Rajani , Andar Abhay , Borhani Shayan , Burgenson David , Deldari Sevda , Frey Douglas , Ge Xudong , Gopalakrishnan Mathangi , Gurramkonda Chandrasekhar , Gutierrez Erick , Jackson Isabel L. , Kostov Yordan , Liu Yang , Moreira Antonio , Newman Diana , Piegols Joseph , Punshon‐Smith Benjamin , Rao Govind , Tolosa Leah , Tolosa Mike , Vujaskovic Zeljko , Wagner Chelsea , Wong Lynn , Zodda Andrew 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProtein therapeutics, also known as biologics, are currently manufactured at centralized facilities according to rigorous protocols. The manufacturing process takes months and the delivery of the biological products needs a cold chain. This makes it less responsive to rapid changes in demand. Here, we report on technology application for on‐demand biologics manufacturing (Bio‐MOD) that can produce safe and effective biologics from cell‐free systems at the point of care without the current challenges of long‐term storage and cold‐chain delivery. The objective of the current study is to establish proof‐of‐concept safety and efficacy of Bio‐MOD‐manufactured granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) in a mouse model of total body irradiation at a dose estimated to induce 30% lethality within the first 30 days postexposure. To illustrate on‐demand Bio‐MOD production feasibility, histidine‐tagged G‐CSF was manufactured daily under good manufacturing practice‐like conditions prior to administration over a 16‐day period. Bio‐MOD‐manufactured G‐CSF improved 30‐day survival when compared with saline alone (p = .073). In addition to accelerating recovery from neutropenia, the platelet and hemoglobin nadirs were significantly higher in G‐CSF‐treated animals compared with saline‐treated animals (p < .05). The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of consistently manufacturing safe and effective on‐demand biologics suitable for real‐time release.
Biocalorimetric monitoring of glycoengineered P. pastoris cultivation for the production of recombinant huIFNα2b: A quantitative study based on mixed feeding strategies
Authors: Katla Srikanth , Pavan Satya Sai , Mohan Naresh , Sivaprakasam Senthilkumar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReal‐time monitoring of glycoengineered Pichia pastoris by employing process analytical technology (PAT) tools is vital for gaining deeper insights into the therapeutic protein production process. The present study focuses on influence of mixed feed carbon substrates during the induction phases of glycoengineered P. pastoris cultivation, for recombinant human interferon α2b (huIFNα2b) production by employing calorimetric (biological heat rate,
q
B) and respirometric (oxygen uptake rate and carbon dioxide evolution rate) measurements. Mixed feed stream of carbon substrates (methanol + glycerol, methanol + sorbitol) at a predetermined “C‐molar ratios” were added during the induction phases. Methanol‐ and sorbitol‐based mixed feeding approach resulted in an improved huIFNα2b titer of 288 mg/L by channeling of methanol predominantly towards an optimal functioning of AOX expression system. A stand‐off between biomass yield coefficient, degree of reduction of methanol and its cosubstrate (glycerol and sorbitol) determines the fraction of carbon energy channeled toward biomass and protein production, under strict aerobic conditions. Calorespirometric monitoring and assessment of thermal yields enables a reliable prediction of process variables, leading to futuristic efficient PAT‐based feed rate control.
Design and implementation of modular test equipment for process measurements in mechatronics education
Authors: Çeven Süleyman , Albayrak Ahmet 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, an experimental setup is presented which is developed to enrich mechatronics education in terms of content and to provide a variety of applications. The experimental setup was developed to enable students to learn through more practical experiments. The main purpose of this study is to develop an experimental setup that can be used as a basic application tool for many courses that will eliminate the deficiencies in mechatronics education. In addition, the experimental setup contributes to the learning of equipment commonly used in mechatronic systems and to enable students to graduate more readily for the industry. This methodology, which was taken into consideration when designing the experimental setup, provided the students with the basic skills that enable them to acquire interdisciplinary knowledge more easily and achieve a successful career. The experimental setup was tested in process measurements course. For the mechanism which was tested with 65 students, the opinions of the students were taken with the help of a questionnaire. These opinions were analyzed with SPSS software. As a result of the analysis, Cronbach's α was calculated and found to be .815. In addition, descriptive statistics and χ2 tests were conducted on the questionnaire results. As a result of all these analyzes, it was seen that the experimental setup should be made more interactive. With the integration of new technologies, the experimental setup will be available for many years in associate degree and undergraduate education.
Detection of plasmaEGFRmutations for personalized treatment of lung cancer patients without pathologic diagnosis
Authors: Deng Qinfang , Fang Qiyu , Sun Hui , Singh Aditi P. , Alexander Mariam , Li Shenduo , Cheng Haiying , Zhou Songwen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) and digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based platforms have been used to detectEGFRmutations in plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) with high accuracy. Generally, molecular testing is performed after histopathological analysis. However, many patients with suspected advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer are unable to undergo biopsy thus forgoing potential treatment with highly effective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with sensitizingEGFRmutations. We examined the utility of ctDNA testing to detectEGFRmutations in patients' plasma, where tissue biopsy is not feasible.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center, prospective study of 30 Chinese patients with suspected advanced lung cancer, who were unable to undergo a biopsy for initial diagnosis due to comorbidities or poor performance status. Patients with plasmaEGFRsensitizing mutations were treated with first‐generation EGFR TKIs.ResultsTwenty of 30 patients enrolled had sensitizingEGFRmutations in ctDNA and were started on EGFR TKIs. After a median follow‐up of 12 months, median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 10 months and median overall survival (OS) was not reached. The median OS for the 10 untreated patients was 3 months.ConclusionsIn our study, patients with plasmaEGFRmutations treated with TKIs showed disease control rate (DCR) and PFS similar to historical controls that were treated based on tissue testing. This is the first prospective study showing that ctDNA genotyping provides a feasible diagnostic approach for frail lung cancer patients who are unable to undergo biopsy, which subsequently leads to EGFR‐targeted therapy, and improved outcomes in this subgroup of patients.
Scavenger receptor class A, member 5 is associated with thyroid cancer cell lines progression via epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zheng Chen , Xia Er‐Jie , Quan Rui‐Da , Bhandari Adheesh , Wang Ou‐Chen , Hao Ru‐Tian 
Published: January 2020

Thyroid cancer (TC) has become one of most common endocrine malignancies in recent decades. Due to gene background polymorphism, it's outcome goes quite differently in each patient. For exploring the mechanism, we performed whole transcriptome sequencing of paired papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and adjacent thyroid tissues. As a result, scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5) might be a crucial anti‐oncogene associated with PTC. By RT‐qPCR, we first detected the expression of SCARA5 in PTC tissue and three type of TC cell lines. Besides, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were gathered to analysis the relationship between SCARA5 and clinical feature. A series of loss‐function experiments in TC cell lines (KTC‐1 and BCPAP) to investigate the function of SCARA5 in PTC. The results showed that SCARA5 expression in PTC was lower than adjacent normal tissue. And, it's consistent with the TCGA database. After analyse the correlation between SCARA5 expression and clinicopathological features in TCGA database, we discovered that downregulated SCARA5 is significantly connected age (P = .04) and tumour size (P = .032). Knockdown of SCARA5 in TC cell line could significantly increase the function of cells proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, we also proved that SCARA5 could modulate the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related proteins, which influence invasion and migration. To best of our knowledge, SCARA5 is a suppressor gene which was associated with PTC and might be a potential therapeutic target in the future.Significance of the studyThyroid cancer (TC) has become one of most common endocrine malignancies in recent decades. By whole transcriptome sequencing of paired papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and adjacent thyroid tissues, author discovered that scavenger receptor class A member 5 (SCARA5) might be crucial anti‐oncogene associated with PTC. Furthermore, knocking‐down of SCARA5 in TC cell line can increase the function of cells proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion. Author also proved that SCARA5 could modulate the expression of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related proteins.
Tetraammineplatinum(II) and Tetraamminepalladium(II) Chromates as Precursors of Metal Oxide Catalysts
Authors: Filatov Evgeny , Lagunova Varvara , Potemkin Dmitry , Kuratieva Natalia , Zadesenets Andrey , Plyusnin Pavel , Gubanov Alexander , Korenev Sergey 
Published: January 2020

Abstract[M(NH3)4]A (M=Pt, Pd; A=CrO4, Cr2O7) and [Pt(NH3)4(NO2)(Cr2O7)]NO3 complex salts were synthesized and characterized by a number of physicochemical methods of analysis (IR, single‐crystal and powder XRD, and simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry with evolved gas analysis mass spectrometry). Thermolysis of the salts obtained in a hydrogen atmosphere proceeds with the partial reduction of chromium to a metallic state and the formation of MxCr1−x (M=Pt, Pd) metal solid solution with a chromium content of up to 22 at % and chromium(III) oxide. The thermal decomposition of salts in an inert and oxidizing atmosphere passes through the formation stage of the MCrO2 phase with the delafossite structure followed by its subsequent decomposition into chromium(III) oxide and noble metal. Nanosized Pt−Cr2O3 and Pd−Cr2O3 composites obtained by the thermolysis of precursor salts in air at 500 °C and being held at this temperature for 1 h showed a high catalytic activity in the CO total oxidation (TOX) and preferential oxidation in the excess of hydrogen (PROX) processes compared with that of monometallic Pt and Pd powders.
Genotypic variation and stability for nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat
Authors: Brasier Kyle , Oakes Joseph , Balota Maria , Reiter Mark , Jones Ned , Pitman Robert , Sneller Clay , Thomason Wade , Griffey Carl 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) products account for a large portion of the total dietary calories and protein consumed globally, thus requiring efficient N management systems for optimal grower profitability and to reduce negative environmental impacts of nontarget fertilization. This investigation sought to evaluate genotypic variation for N use efficiency (NUE), assess yield stability, and validate traits for improvement of crop performance across N rates. Three separate studies were conducted over four growing seasons in the eastern United States that varied in the number of N rates and site‐seasons. Study I was conducted using five N rates over three site‐seasons, Study II was conducted using three N rates over six site‐seasons, and Study III was conducted using two N rates over nine site‐seasons. Genotype × N rate interactions were more frequently observed for grain yield when three or more N rates were used in the experimental design. The three studies identified significant genotypic variation for NUE and identified wheat lines that consistently expressed high grain yields over N‐site‐seasons. Aboveground biomass at physiological maturity was strongly associated with grain yield in Study II when 67 kg N ha−1 (r = .66, P ≤ .05) was applied and in Study III when 67 kg N ha−1 (r = .71, P ≤ .05), and 134 kg N ha−1 (r = .89, P < .001) was applied. Findings from this investigation inform soft red winter wheat breeders on diverse sources of breeding materials and target traits to improve NUE.