bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic and Health-Related Characteristics of a Safety-Net Patient Population
Authors: Agovi Afiba Manza-Azele , Anikpo Ifedioranma , Cvitanovich Matthew J. , Yan Lu , Chu Tzu-Chun , MacDonald Brooke , Gehr Aaron W. , Craten Kevin , Ojha Rohit P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Safety-net health systems are an important source of healthcare for underserved or vulnerable individuals, but definitions of safety-net institutions are largely based on patient characteristics. Some definitions may not accurately identify such institutions. Therefore, we aimed to describe the characteristics of urban safety-net patients in Texas and compare the distribution of morbidities between safety-net and general population patients. Methods We used hospital claims data from the Dallas-Fort Worth Hospital Council Foundation to create a cross-sectional cohort. Eligible patients were aged ≥18 years and Tarrant County residents in 2018. Patients were divided into two groups for comparison. The first group represented patients with hospital claims from JPS Health Network (i.e. safety-net population). The second group represented all patients with hospital claims in Tarrant County (i.e. general population). We estimated frequencies of patient characteristics. In addition, we estimated overall and payor-stratified standardized morbidity ratios (SMRs) adjusted for age, gender, and race/ethnicity to compare the prevalence of common chronic diseases between safety-net patients and patients in the general population. Results Our study population comprised 459,827 patients, of whom 74,323 (16%) were safety-net patients. Patients aged ≥65 years comprised 23% of the general population and 11% of the safety-net population. Non-Hispanic Whites comprised 52% of the general population and 29% of safety-net patients. A larger proportion of safety-net patients were uninsured compared with general population patients (safety-net: 54%; general population: 25%), but Medicaid distribution was less discrepant (safety-net: 9%; general population: 7%). Medicare was the primary payor for 24% of general population patients and 14% of safety-net patients. Safety-net patients had relative excesses of mental health and chronic conditions ranging between 5% and 230% for all selected conditions except dementia/Alzheimer’s. The patterns for payor-stratified SMRs were consistent with the overall results. Conclusions We observed considerable sociodemographic diversity and a high burden of mental health and chronic conditions among safety-net patients, which may support understanding the healthcare needs of safety-net populations. Our findings raise questions about definitions of safety-net institutions based on Medicaid distribution alone and the transportability of findings from studies in which safety-net populations are unrepresented.
Effects of Comprehensive Sexuality Education on the comprehensive knowledge and attitude to condom use among first-year students in Arba Minch University: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Boti Negussie , Hussen Sultan , Shegaze Mulugeta , Shibru Simon , shibiru Tamiru , Zerihun Eshetu , Godana Wanzahun , Abebe Sintayehu , Gebretsadik Woyinshet , Desalegn Nathan , Temtime Zebene 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the effect of comprehensive sexuality education on the comprehensive knowledge and attitude to condom use among first-year students at Arba Minch University .
Results: A total of 832 students participated at a baseline, and 820 students participated at the posttest. This study found that there was a significant effect on changing students’ knowledge and attitude towards a condom. In the education group, the students’ average change of comprehensive condom knowledge score was 0.229 higher than the average score of students' in the control group (ATE=0.229, 95% CI, 0.132 to 0.328; p < 0.001). The average change of attitude toward condom score of students’ in the education group was 1.834 higher than the average change score of students’ in the control group (ATE=1.834, 95% CI, 1.195 to 2.772; p < 0.001).This study provides further evidence on the effectiveness of comprehensive sexuality education in terms of knowledge and attitude towards a condom. Therefore, the implementation of this education should be strengthened in order the prevent youths from STI/HIV and unintended pregnancies.
Real-world data of eribulin in advanced and pretreated HER2-negative breast cancer in a Spanish comprehensive cancer center
Authors: Sirvén Milana Bergamino , Fernández-Ortega Adela , Stradella Agostina , Morilla Idoia , Falo Catalina , Vázquez Silvia , Castany Roser , Villanueva Rafael , Recalde Sabela , Pérez Valentí Navarro , Gil-Gil Miguel , Pernas Sonia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Eribulin improves survival in pre-treated HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (ABC). However, limited data exist on co-morbidities and central nervous system (CNS) efficacy. The purpose of this study was to review eribulin’s efficacy and safety in everyday clinical practice with special focus on age, body mass index (BMI) and central nervous system (CNS) activity.Methods An observational study was conducted in a series of HER2-negative ABC patients treated from January’14-December’17 outside a clinical trial. Objective Response Rate (ORR), Progression Free Survival (PFS), Overall Survival (OS), and association of clinical and pathological variables with outcome were evaluated.Results Ninety-five women were treated with at least one cycle of eribulin. Median age was 57 (33-83), and 18% were obese. Median number of prior chemotherapies for ABC was 3 (2-5) and 76% of patients had visceral metastases, including 21% with CNS involvement. Most tumors were estrogen receptor-positive (79%). ORR and stable disease (SD) at 6 months were 26.2% and 37.5%, respectively. Remarkably, relevant CNS efficacy was observed with eribulin: 20% of patients obtained partial response and 25% SD. Treatment was generally well tolerated and manageable, with 29% grade 3 and 10.9% grade 4 toxicities. Median PFS and OS were 4.1 months (CI95% 3.2-4.9) and 11.1 months (CI95% 9.5-14.7), respectively. Triple-negative disease, >2organs involved and being younger than 70 years old were independent prognosis factors for worse OS in multivariate analysis. Most patients (75%) progressed in pre-existing metastases sites.Conclusions In everyday clinical practice, eribulin’s efficacy seems similar to pivotal trials. CNS-efficacy was observed. TNBC, >2 organs involved and being younger than 70 years old were independent prognosis factors for worse OS. Remarkably, less incidence of grade 4-toxicity compared to previous studies was found.
Prevalence and genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in stray cats in Mashhad area, Iran.
Authors: Khodaverdi Majid , Razmi Gholamreza 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Cats as a definitive host have an important role in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in humans and animals. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of Toxoplasma gondii infection and isolate and identify the genotypes of T. gondii in stray cats in the Mashhad suburb. Methods: From April 2016 to August 2017, 175 fecal samples from stray cats and 31 brain samples from cats killed in driving accidents were collected. The fecal samples were examined by fecal flotation technique and T. gondii-specific PCR. The brain samples were investigated by T. gondii-specific PCR and consequently examined by mice bioassay. The DNA of T. gondii isolated was genotyped using SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB and GRA6 as PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) markers. Results: In the present study, Toxoplasma-like oocysts were microscopically observed in 2.2% (4/175) fecal samples. The presence of Toxoplasma oocysts was confirmed in one microscopy-positive sample by PCR. In addition, T. gondii DNA was detected in 4% (7/175) microscopy-negative samples using PCR. T. gondii was isolated from one brain PCR-positive sample by mice bioassay. The isolate was avirulent and many T. gondii cysts were observed in mice brain. The isolate was successfully genotyped by PCR-RLFP analysis .The isolated genotyped was type II. Besides, eight Toxoplasma-positive fecal samples contained insufficient DNA and only amplified at SAG-3 locus in PCR. These samples were also showed type II pattern at this locus. Conclusions: Parasitological and molecular results showed low frequency of Toxoplasma infection in the stray cats, and identified the genotype of T. gondii isolate as type II, for the first time in Mashhad area, Khorasan Razavi Province.
Addressing the deprived: Need and access of Sexual reproductive health services to street adolescents in Ethiopia: The case of Nekemte Town: Mixed methods study.
Authors: Ababor Abdo Abazinab , Tesso Desalegn Wirtu , Cheme Melese Chego 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives Research knowledge gap exists in addressing sexual reproductive health services to street adolescents globally. The intensity of SRH problem is high in the settings like Ethiopia where there is limited access and integration of services in the way it responds to the needs of the street adolescents and this study aimed at exploring risky sexual behaviors; needs and barriers of SRH services utilization among street adolescents in Nekemte town. Community based Cross-sectional study design with mixed approaches was used on sample size of 219 street adolescents. Supplementary qualitative data of 24 in-depth interviews were collected from the street adolescents and SRH service providers. Time-location sampling or venue sampling technique (VDT) was used for quantitative study. Quantitative data was analyzed by SPSS version 24.0.Results About 93% of street adolescents reported difficulty of accessing contraceptives. Behavioral change and sustainable access of SRH services is lacking among street adolescents; but, Knowledge gap is more evident in early adolescents (10-13) period than the other classes. Generally, street adolescents are deprived in terms of access of sexual reproductive health services. Mobile and flexible access of contraceptive should be designed targeting street adolescents.
ANTISEPTICS AS ADJUNCTS TO SCALING AND ROOT PLANING IN THE TREATMENT OF PERIODONTITIS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Ramanauskaite Egle , Machiulskiene Vita 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Periodontitis is microbially-associated, host-mediated inflammatory condition that results in loss of periodontal attachment. The goals of periodontal therapy include arresting the disease progression, establishing healthy, stable, maintainable periodontal conditions. A fundamental strategy of treating periodontitis is scaling and root planing (SRP), however its efficacy may be restricted in areas inaccessible for mechanical instrumentation. As periodontitis is infectious in nature, it might be helpful to use additional antimicrobial adjuncts, in order to eliminate or inactivate pathogenic microflora. The aim of this study is to evaluate the current evidence regarding the potential clinical benefits of using additional antiseptics for SRP in nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE (Ovid) and Cohrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases for articles published between January 1, 2000 and September 22, 2019. Randomized controlled clinical trials in English that compare the effectiveness of one or more antiseptic agents as adjuncts to SRP with a follow-up of ≥ 6 months were included. A meta-analysis using the random-effects model was performed on the selected qualifying articles. Results: The search resulted in 12 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Based on the vehicle employed to deliver the antiseptic agent, studies were divided into adjunctive sustained-release antiseptics (gels, chips and varnish) and adjunctive irrigation with antiseptics. The meta-analysis demonstrated significant improvements in probing depth (PD) reduction (p = 0.001), clinical attachment level (CAL) gain (p = 0.001), and bleeding on probing (BOP) values (p = 0.001) following the adjunctive subgingival application of sustained-release antiseptics. Additional subgingival irrigation with antiseptics failed to show significant improvements in PD (p = 0.321), CAL (p = 0.7568), or BOP values (p = 0.3549) over SRP alone. Conclusions: Adjunctive subgingivally delivered antiseptics with a sustained-release delivery have significant clinical benefits compared to SRP alone. Key Words: Periodontitis, Antiseptics, Treatment, Review
The impact of different geometric assumption of mitral annular on the assessment of mitral regurgitation volume by Doppler method
Authors: Wang Wugang , Wang Zhibin , Li Junfang , Gong Kun , Zhao Liang , Tang Guozhang , Fu Xiuxiu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Mitral regurgitation volume (MRvol) by quantitative pulsed Doppler (QPD) method previously recommended suffers from geometric assumption error because of circular geometric assumption of mitral annulus (MA). Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different geometric assumption of MA on the assessment of MRvol by two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiographic QPD method.Methods This study included 88 patients with varying degrees of mitral regurgitation (MR). The MRvol was evaluated by QPD method using circular or ellipse geometric assumption of MA. MRvol derived from effective regurgitant orifice area by real time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) multiplied by MR velocity-time integral was used as reference method.Results Assumption of a circular geometry of MA, QPD-MAA4C and QPD-MAPLAX overestimated the MRvol by a mean difference of 10.4 ml ( P < 0.0001) and 22.5 ml ( P < 0.0001) compared with RT3DE. Assumption of a ellipse geometry of MA, there was no significant difference of MRvol (mean difference = 1.7 ml, P = 0.0844) between the QPD-MAA4C+A2C and the RT3DE.Conclusions Assuming that the MA was circular geometry previously recommended, the MRvol by QPD-MAA4C was overestimated compared with the reference method. However, assuming that the MA was ellipse geometry, the MRvol by the QPD-MAA4C+A2C has no significant difference with the reference method.
There is no Dose-response Relationship between Allogeneic Blood Transfusion and Healthcare-associated Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lv Yu , Fang Ying , Xiang Qian , Lin Jia , Wu Yu J , Cai Hong M , Wei Qiong D , Wang Hui , Wang Chen , Chen Jing , Ye Jian , Xie Caixia , Li Ting L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background The association between allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) and healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is considered dose-dependent. However, this association may be confounded by transfusion duration, as prolonged hospitalization stay increases the risk of HAI. Also, it is not clear whether specific blood products have different dose-response risks. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, a logistic regression was used to identify confounding factors, and the association between specific blood products and HAI were analyzed. Then Cox regression and restricted cubic spline regression was used to visualize the hazard of HAI per transfusion product. Results Of 215338 inpatients observed, 4.16% were transfused with a single component blood product. With regard to these transfused patients, 480 patients (5.36 %) developed a HAI during their hospitalization stay. Logistic regression showed that red blood cells (RBCs) transfusion, platelets transfusion and fresh-frozen plasmas (FFPs) transfusion were risk factors for HAI [odds ratio (OR) 1.893, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.656–2.163; OR 8.903, 95% CI 6.646–11.926 and OR 1.494, 95% CI 1.146–1.949, respectively]. However, restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed that there was no statistically dose-response relationship between different transfusion products and the onset of HAI. Conclusions RBCs transfusion, platelets transfusion and FFPs transfusion were associated with HAI, but there was no dose-response relationship between them.
Nursing students’ perception of infection control and prevention nurses’ work – results of a survey study
Authors: Jaślan Dorota , Różańska Anna , Wałaszek Marta , Szczypta Anna , Gniadek Agnieszka , Wójkowska-Mach Jadwiga 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
The results of several studies in the area of infection control in Poland are disturbing. The situation may be shaped by many factors. But the key factor is the infection teams and especially infection control and prevention nurses (ICPNS) ability of influencing positive medical personnel attitudes and behavior in this area.
Aim of the study The article presents the results of the study on nursing students’ perception of ICPNs work.
Material and method The study was conducted using the author's anonymous questionnaire conducted among nursing students of three Polish universities.
Results
The results proved to be peculiar. About 80% respondents confirmed the ICPNs key role in ensuring patient and personnel safety, while only 31.6% declared its great authority among the hospital staff.
Conclusions
Obtained results indicate the necessity of thorough studies on the organization and structure of infection control in Polish hospitals, with particular emphasis of building its’ positive perception by wards staff as well as implementing education campaign on infection control in hospital environment.
Perinatal oral exposure to low doses of bisphenol A, S or F impairs gut barrier and immune functions in female offspring mice
Authors: Malaisé Yann , Lencina Corinne , Cartier Christel , Olier Maïwenn , Ménard Sandrine , GUZYLACK-PIRIOU Laurence 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Bisphenol A (BPA), one of the highest-volume chemicals produced worldwide, has been identified as an endocrine disruptor. Many peer-reviewing studies have reported adverse effects of low dose BPA exposure, particularly during perinatal period (gestation and/or lactation). We previously demonstrated that perinatal oral exposure to BPA (via gavage of mothers during gestation and lactation) has long-term consequences on immune response and intestinal barrier functions. Due to its adverse effects on several developmental and physiological processes, BPA was removed from consumer products and replaced by chemical substitutes such as BPS or BPF, that are structurally similar and not well studied compare to BPA. Here, we aimed to compare perinatal oral exposure to these bisphenols (BPs) at two doses (5 and 50 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day (d)) on gut barrier and immune system in female offspring mice at adulthood (Post Natal Day PND70).
Methods
Pregnant female mice were orally exposed to BPA, BPS or BPF at 5 or 50 μg/kg BW/d from 15th day of gravidity to weaning of pups at PostNatal Day (PND) 21. Gut barrier function and the humoral and cellular immune responses of adult offspring (PND70) were analysed at intestinal and systemic levels.
Results
In female offspring, perinatal oral BP exposure led to adverse effects on intestinal barrier and immune response that were dependant of the BP nature (A, S or F) and dose of exposure. Stronger impacts were observed with BPS at the dose of 5µg/kg BW/d on inflammatory markers in feces associated with an increase of anti-E. coli IgG, revealing a defect of gut barrier. BPA and BPF exposure induced prominent changes at low dose in offspring mice, in term of gut barrier functions and cellular immune responses, provoking an intestinal and systemic Th1/Th17 inflammation.
Conclusion
These findings provide, for the first time, a comparative study of long-time consequences of BPA, S and F perinatal exposure by oral route in offspring mice. This work warms that it is mandatory to consider immune markers and dose in risk assessment associated to new BPA’s alternatives.
Keywords: Bisphenol A, Bisphenol S, Bisphenol F, Immune responses, Perinatal exposure, Intestine, Th1/Th17, immunoglobulin, cytokines
Reduced methane oxidizing activity by sediment methanotrophs in shallow coastal zones with high methane emissions
Authors: Broman Elias , Sun Xiaole , Stranne Christian , Bonaglia Stefano , Geibel Marc , Norkko Alf , Humborg Christoph , Nascimento Francisco J.A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Coastal zones are transitional areas between land and sea where large amounts of organic and inorganic carbon compounds are recycled by microbes. Especially shallow zones near land have been shown to be the main source for oceanic methane (CH4) emissions. Water depth has been predicted as the best explanatory variable, which is related to CH4 ebullition, but exactly how sediment methanotrophic bacteria mediates these emissions along water depth is unknown. Here, we investigated the activity of methanotrophs in the sediment of shallow coastal zones with high CH4 emissions within a depth gradient from 10–45 m. Field sampling consisted of collecting sediment slices from eight stations along a coastal gradient (0–4 km from land) in the coastal Baltic Sea. We combined real-time measurements of surface water CH4 concentrations, acoustic detection of CH4 seeps in the bottom water, and sediment DNA plus RNA sequencing. Results The relative abundance and CH4 oxidizing activity (pMMO; particulate methane monooxygenase) of the dominant methanotroph Methylococcales was significantly higher in deeper costal offshore areas (36–45 m water depth) compared to adjacent shallow zones (10–28 m). This was in accordance with the shallow zones having CH4 concentrations in the surface water, as well as more CH4 seeps from the sediment. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the low prevalence of Methylococcales and their activity was restrained to the euphotic zone (indicated by PAR data, photosynthesis proteins, and 18S rRNA data of benthic diatoms). This was also indicated by a positive relationship between water depth and the relative abundance of Methylococcales and pMMO. Conclusions We detected a low relative abundance of methanotrophs and CH4 oxidizing activity in shallow coastal areas, this can partly explain the difference in CH4 emissions between shallow and deep coastal areas (and the relationship between CH4 emission and water depth). Potentially a reduced activity of methanotrophs also facilities the build-up of CH4 bubbles in the sediment. CH4 emissions from the study area has previously been calculated to be comparable to that of subarctic lakes, and it is suggested that shallow coastal waters, similarly to inland waters, are hotspots for CH4 emissions.