bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correcting B0 inhomogeneity-induced distortions in whole-body diffusion MRI of bone
Authors: Digma Leonardino A. , Feng Christine H. , Conlin Christopher C. , Rodríguez-Soto Ana E. , Zhong Allison Y. , Hussain Troy S. , Lui Asona , Batra Kanha , Simon Aaron B. , Karunamuni Roshan , Kuperman Joshua , Rakow-Penner Rebecca , Hahn Michael E. , Dale Anders M. , Seibert Tyler M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesDiffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) of the musculoskeletal system has various applications, including visualization of bone tumors. However, DWI acquired with echo-planar imaging is susceptible to distortions due to static magnetic field inhomogeneities. This study aimed to estimate spatial displacements of bone and to examine whether distortion corrected DWI images more accurately reflect underlying anatomy.MethodsWhole-body MRI data from 127 prostate cancer patients were analyzed. The reverse polarity gradient (RPG) technique was applied to DWI data to estimate voxel-level distortions and to produce a distortion corrected DWI dataset. First, an anatomic landmark analysis was conducted, in which corresponding vertebral landmarks on DWI and anatomic T2-weighted images were annotated. Changes in distance between DWI- and T2-defined landmarks (i.e., changes in error) after distortion correction were calculated. In secondary analyses, distortion estimates from RPG were used to assess spatial displacements of bone metastases. Lastly, changes in mutual information between DWI and T2-weighted images of bone metastases after distortion correction were calculated.ResultsDistortion correction reduced anatomic error of vertebral DWI up to 29 mm. Error reductions were consistent across subjects (Wilcoxon signed-rank p<10−20). On average (±SD), participants’ largest error reduction was 11.8 mm (±3.6). Mean (95% CI) displacement of bone lesions was 6.0 mm (95% CI: 5.1-7.0); maximum displacement was 17.1 mm. Corrected diffusion images were more similar to structural MRI, as evidenced by consistent increases in mutual information (Wilcoxon signed-rank p<10−12).DiscussionThese findings support the use of distortion correction techniques to improve localization of bone on DWI.Key Points-Diffusion weighted images of bone tissue undergo substantial spatial distortions when acquired with echo-planar imaging.-These distortions can be efficiently corrected with the reverse polarity gradient technique to generate diffusion images that more accurately reflect underlying anatomy.-In the context of bone tumor imaging where precise localization may be required, distortion correction techniques, such as reverse polarity gradient, should be applied.
Morphological and physiological effects of a single amino acid substitution in the patatin-like phospholipase CapV inEscherichia coli
Authors: Li Fengyang , Bähre Heike , Rohde Manfred , Römling Ute 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn rod-shaped bacteria morphological plasticity occurs in response to stress, which blocks cell division to promote filamentation. We demonstrate here that overexpression of the patatin-like phospholipase variant CapVQ329Rbut not CapV causes pronouncedsulA-independent pyridoxine-inhibited cell filamentation and restriction of swimming and flagella production ofEscherichia coliK-12 derivative MG1655. Mutational analyses of CapVQ329Rindicated conserved amino acids in canonical patatin-like phospholipase A motifs, but not the nucleophilic serine to be required for the observed phenotypes. Furthermore, CapVQ329Ralters rdar biofilm formation including expression of the biofilm activator CsgD. Moreover, commensal and pathogenicE. colistrains andSalmonella typhimuriumalso responded with cell filamentation and alteration in biofilm formation. In conclusion, this work identifies the CapV variant CapVQ329Ras a pleiotropic regulator, emphasizes a scaffold function for patatin-like phospholipases and highlights the role of a single amino acid change for the evolution of protein functionality.
Affinity series of genetically encoded high sensitivity Förster Resonance Energy Transfer sensors for sucrose
Authors: Sadoine Mayuri , Reger Mira , Wong Ka Man , Frommer Wolf B. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTGenetically encoded fluorescent sugar sensors are valuable tools for the discovery of transporters and for quantitative monitoring of sugar steady-state levels in intact tissues. Genetically encoded Förster Resonance Energy Transfer sensors for glucose have been designed and optimized extensively, and a full series of affinity mutants is available forin vivostudies. However, to date, only a single improved sensor FLIPsuc-90µΔ1 with a Kmfor sucrose of ∼90 µM is available for sucrose monitoring. This sucrose sensor was engineered on the basis of anAgrobacterium tumefacienssugar binding protein. Here, we took a two-step approach to first systematically improve the dynamic range of the FLIPsuc nanosensor and then expand the detection range from micromolar to millimolar sucrose concentrations by mutating a key residue in the binding site. The resulting series of sucrose sensors may allow systematic investigation of sucrose transporter candidates and comprehensivein vivoanalyses of sucrose concentration in plants. Since FLIPsuc-90µ also detects trehalose in animal cells, the new series of sensors can be used to investigate trehalose transporter candidates and monitor trehalose steady-state levelsin vivoas well.
Hsp22 is the key sensor and balancer in mitochondrial dynamic associated metabolic reprogramming
Authors: Wei Zaiwa , Cui Ying , Wen Xueyi , Wang Wenjing , Mo Jingxin , Liao Rujia , Hu Yanmei , Zhou Quan , Shi Fang , Peng Tianchan , Tian Ning , Tang Yafang , Wei Lili , Li Liangxian , Wei Xiaoli , Li Qinghua 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAltered mitochondrial dynamics are commonly seen in tumors and Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the exact mechanism is unclear. We observed in tumor and PD flies, interference of mitochondrial fission or fusion reverses metabolic reprogramming and attenuates pathogenic phenotypes, indicating the rebalanced mitochondrial dynamics can re-establish cellular homeostasis. Surprisingly, we found Hsp22 is highly induced in tumor and PD flies. Hence, Hsp22 overexpression, not only suppressed RAS tumor flies, hepatocellular carcinoma mice, but also rescued PINK1B9PD flies associating with restored mitochondrial homeostasis and reversing metabolic reprogramming. We speculate that mitochondrial dynamics is normally in a constant dynamic equilibrium, as if on a continually oscillating seesaw, tumor and PD are like the two extreme states of the seesaw which can be corrected by the promising target, Hsp22.One Sentence SummaryMitochondrial dynamics defects including tumor and PD lead to metabolic reprogramming accompanied with Hsp22 induction, vice versa, overexpression of Hsp22 reverses the mitochondrial dynamic dysfunction caused pathogenic metabolism.
Projection-based augmented reality system for assembly guidance and monitoring
Authors: Chen Chengjun , Tian Zhongke , Li Dongnian , Pang Lieyong , Wang Tiannuo , Hong Jun 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
This study aims to monitor and guide the assembly process. The operators need to change the assembly process according to the products’ specifications during manual assembly of mass customized production. Traditional information inquiry and display methods, such as manual lookup of assembly drawings or electronic manuals, are inefficient and error-prone.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes a projection-based augmented reality system (PBARS) for assembly guidance and monitoring. The system includes a projection method based on viewpoint tracking, in which the position of the operator’s head is tracked and the projection images are changed correspondingly. The assembly monitoring phase applies a method for parts recognition. First, the pixel local binary pattern (PX-LBP) operator is achieved by merging the classical LBP operator with the pixel classification process. Afterward, the PX-LBP features of the depth images are extracted and the randomized decision forests classifier is used to get the pixel classification prediction image (PCPI). Parts recognition and assembly monitoring is performed by PCPI analysis.

Findings
The projection image changes with the viewpoint of the human body, hence the operators always perceive the three-dimensional guiding scene from different viewpoints, improving the human-computer interaction. Part recognition and assembly monitoring were achieved by comparing the PCPIs, in which missing and erroneous assembly can be detected online.

Originality/value
This paper designed the PBARS to monitor and guide the assembly process simultaneously, with potential applications in mass customized production. The parts recognition and assembly monitoring based on pixels classification provides a novel method for assembly monitoring.
The differentiated CSR activities and corporate value
Authors: Kim Sang Il , Kim Kyung Tae 
Published: November 2020

PurposeCorporate social responsibility (CSR) index represents attributes of firms that are differentiated. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of differentiated CSR, CSRS (strategic CSR activities) and CSRD (defensive CSR activities) on R&D expenditure and its effectiveness on firm values.Design/methodology/approachThe sample includes 1,388 firm-year observations for 2004–2015 of listed firms on the Korean Stock Exchange (KSE) whose CSR measures, KEJI (Korea Economic Justice Institute) index are available from the Citizens' Coalition for Economic Justice (2016).FindingsThe results show that while CSRS is positively associated with R&D expenditure, CSRD is not. Further, development costs and its interaction term with CSRS positively affect firm values.Originality/valueThis study provides an important reason to separate the attributes of the CSR in future empirical studies. The results imply that the study of effects of CSR on sustainable growth or firm values should focus on CSRS rather than CSR activities in general in future research.
Ambidexterity in collaborative new product development processes
Authors: Hald Kim Sundtoft , Nordio Chiara 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe objective of the present research is to explore how firms, when engaged in collaborative new product development (NPD) activities, may be understood to be successful or unsuccessful in achieving ambidextrous processes. The study explores the organizational and managerial practices inside the firm and in the supply chain that enable or constrain the firm in reaching a balance between exploitation and exploration when engaged with NPD.Design/methodology/approachA case study approach was adopted with the ambition to develop new theoretical insight. Insights from multiple NPD projects in a single highly innovative firm were collected and coded.FindingsThe analysis shows how the organization of the NPD projects, alignment strategies, approaches to reward structure, supplier integration willingness and absorptive capacity were all formative in the firms' abilities to achieve ambidexterity in the NPD processes.Originality/valueThe presented research expands knowledge of how ambidextrous NPD processes can be reached. It demonstrates how a complex combination of factors and practices internal to the firm and concerning its supplier management strategies and practices enables or constrains ambidexterity in NPD processes. The results allow managers to devise more informed strategies and design decisions to enable NPD processes that reach adequate and simultaneous concerns for exploitation and exploration.
FEM using projection of physical properties suitable for movement modeling and optimization processes
Authors: Ristagno Baptiste , Giraud Dominique , Fontchastagner Julien , Netter Denis , Takorabet Noureddine , Devornique Geoffrey , Labbe Nicolas 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
Optimization processes and movement modeling usually require a high number of simulations. The purpose of this paper is to reduce global central processing unit (CPU) time by decreasing each evaluation time.

Design Methodology Approach
Remeshing the geometry at each iteration is avoided in the proposed method. The idea consists in using a fixed mesh on which functions are projected to represent geometry and supply.

Findings
Results are very promising. CPU time is reduced for three dimensional problems by almost a factor two, keeping a low relative deviation from usual methods. CPU time saving is performed by avoiding meshing step and also by a better initialization of iterative resolution. Optimization, movement modeling and transient-state simulation are very efficient and give same results as usual finite element method.

Research Limitations Implications
The method is restricted to simple geometry owing to the difficulty of finding spatial mathematical function describing the geometry. Moreover, a compromise between imprecision, caused by the boundary evaluation, and time saving must be found.

Originality Value
The method can be applied to optimize rotating machines design. Moreover, movement modeling is performed by shifting functions corresponding to moving parts.
Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse and artificial neural network modeling in performance prediction of switched reluctance machine
Authors: Ferreira Mamede Ana Camila , Camacho José Roberto , Araújo Rui Esteves , Peretta Igor Santos 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse (PI) modeling and compare with artificial neural network (ANN) modeling for switched reluctance machine (SRM) performance.Design/methodology/approachIn a design of an SRM, there are a number of parameters that are chosen empirically inside a certain interval, therefore, to find an optimal geometry it is necessary to define a good model for SRM. The proposed modeling uses the Moore-Penrose PI for the resolution of linear systems and finite element simulation data. To attest to the quality of PI modeling, a model using ANN is established and the two models are compared with the values determined by simulations of finite elements.FindingsThe proposed PI model showed better accuracy, generalization capacity and lower computational cost than the ANN model.Originality/valueThe proposed approach can be applied to any problem as long as experimental/computational results can be obtained and will deliver the best approximation model to the available data set.
Assessing the drivers and outcomes of behavioral self-leadership
Authors: Kalra Ashish , Agnihotri Raj , Singh Rakesh , Puri Sandeep , Kumar Narendra 
Published: November 2020

PurposeAlthough the role of self-leadership is important, it remains understudied in business-to-business (B2B) selling context. This study aims to provide insights into the drivers and outcomes of behavioral self-leadership tested through a sample working in pharmaceutical sales in an emerging economy. In accord, the authors investigate the relationships between self-efficacy, behavioral self-leadership, adaptive selling and ultimately sales performance. This study also investigates the moderating role of technical knowledge.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered from 208 salespeople working in pharmaceutical industry. AMOS 21.0 and SmartPLS3.0 were utilized to test the conceptual framework.FindingsThe study finds that self-efficacy is positively related to behavioral self-leadership that in turn is positively related to adaptive selling and sales performance. In addition, counter intuitive findings were uncovered related to salesperson’s technical knowledge. Those with high technical knowledge exhibited weaker relationship between self-efficacy and behavioral self-leadership, behavioral self-leadership and adaptive selling and that between behavioral self-leadership and sales performance than their counterparts with low technical knowledge.Research limitations/implicationsThis study extends work on self-leadership by exploring the effect of self-efficacy and behavioral self-leadership on sales performance. This study also extends the theory on salesperson’s knowledge by proposing the counter-intuitive effect of knowledge and self-efficacy and knowledge and behavioral self-leadership on adaptive selling and sales performance.Practical implicationsSales managers should consider that not all employees indulging in behavioral self-leadership would reap benefits from the same. As such, sales managers should assess the level of technical knowledge of the salesforce and when determining their training programs that develop such self-leadership skills.Originality/valueThe study is one of the first to consider the drivers and outcomes of behavioral self-leadership and technical knowledge in a B2B sales context. By focusing on the interplay between knowledge and self-efficacy and knowledge and behavioral self-leadership, this study provides greater understanding of the effects of behavioral self-leadership than previously expected by sales researchers.
Evaluation of on-campus student housing facilities security and safety performance
Authors: Simpeh Fredrick , Adisa Solomon 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a guide for managing the provision of on-campus student housing facilities (SHFs) security and safety measures.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopted a mixed-method approach; the questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect quantitative data, whereas the interview was used to collect qualitative data. Descriptive and inferential statistics and importance-performance analysis models were used to analyse the quantitative data, whereas content analysis was used for the qualitative data.

Findings
This study found that students rated the satisfaction of all the SHFs safety and security measures below the level of importance. Three categories of performance level (i.e. poor, average and good) were determined. It also became evident that most of the measures were performing averagely, quite a number were poorly performing and few were performing well.

Research limitations/implications
Data was collected from only one university; therefore, the findings of the research may not be generalised. A study that expands the number of participating universities is recommended.

Practical implications
The guide developed can be used by the facility and/or hostel managers to ensure appropriate management of SHFs security and safety measures. The guide can also assist to ensure that all the essential safety measures are provided when designing, constructing or upgrading SHFs. It would also aid in the development of policy frameworks for SHFs security and safety.

Originality/value
Although several studies have been conducted on SHFs, studies that mainly focussed on prioritising SHFs security and safety measures are lacking. With this paper, the authors also demonstrate the practicality of the use of the IPA model to aid the process of developing improvement priorities.
Board independence and firm performance: evidence from Kuwait
Authors: Al-Saidi Mejbel 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to reduce the knowledge gap by using a large sample and different regressions while controlling the endogeneity and causality issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used the ordinary least square (OLS) and two stage least squares (2SLS) regressions to control the endogeneity and causality problems; this estimation strategy allows for comparison of both estimates to identify any inconsistency and biases in the parameters.

Findings
General speaking, this study found that board independence negatively affected firm performance based on Tobin’s Q only and the relationship between the two variables ran from board independence to firm performance but not vice versa.

Originality/value
The current independent directors are not adding value to Kuwait’s listed firms. Some directors who represent large shareholders and the conflict between large shareholders and small shareholders could affect the role of independent directors in Kuwait. To best of the researchers’ knowledge, this study is the first to consider board independent after controlling the issues of endogeneity and causality in Kuwait; thus, the results could be useful for Kuwaiti firms, regulators and policymakers.
Comparing the performance of public and private enterprises: case for a reappraisal – evidence from India
Authors: Gupta Aman , Kumar Sushil 
Published: November 2020

PurposeState-owned enterprises (SOEs) are essential tools to further policy objectives across the world. However, in the past few decades, heated debates on the performance of SOEs vis-à-vis private sector enterprises have surfaced. In India, SOEs have long played an important role in the economy and only recently have undergone the trend of privatization. The purpose of this paper is to analyze existing research and to conclude whether private enterprises perform better than SOEs.Design/methodology/approachA review of available literature on performance comparisons of public and private sector enterprises is carried out, and differences between public and private enterprises are studied. Finally, theoretical propositions on the differences in objectives of public and private enterprises in the Indian context are enumerated. Three propositions are tested using data on Indian SOEs available in the public domain.FindingsPerformance comparisons of public and private enterprises have focused merely on technical productivity or financial aspects and have thus left out the wide scope of social, economic and political objectives of SOEs. Literature on the nature of SOEs indicates that there are certain fundamental differences in the objectives of public and private sector enterprises. Further, the basic theoretical assumptions tested have been found to be, prima facie, valid in the Indian context. The paper thus establishes a case for further research to develop a comprehensive technique for the comparison of public and private sector enterprises in the Indian context.Originality/valueExtant research on the subject of comparing public and private entries has limited itself to technoeconomic considerations and has not taken into account the different objectives/nature of these enterprises. The study established a case for diverging from the present discourse privatization and private sector supremacy. The same could have far-reaching consequences for policymakers, especially in developing countries.