bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development stage distribution as a proxy for feeding success and growth for first feeding Norwegian spring spawning herring larvae
Authors: Stenevik Erling K. , Nash Richard D. M. , Folkvord Arild 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe estimation of growth rates in young herring larvae (Clupea harengus) in the field can be difficult because the primary increments in the otoliths may not be discernible or formed at a daily level. Likewise, the estimation of mortality rates of fish larvae in the field is very difficult to achieve, especially in a rigorous quantitative manner. In this study, the authors suggest the use of a stage‐based proxy of feeding success, growth and potential survival or mortality risk of field‐caught larvae. The stage‐based proxy is derived based on observations from previous laboratory studies where larvae successfully completing start‐feeding on external food sources will advance through the early development stages, whereas those that do not (unsuccessful larvae) remain and accumulate in the development stage preceding first feeding. The relative occurrence of larvae in the early development stages is therefore expected to reflect feeding conditions of the larvae, with higher ratios of unsuccessful larvae indicative of poor feeding success and higher mortality risk. Using field data on Norwegian spring spawning herring, the authors document that the relative occurrence of larvae in the late non‐feeding stage is significantly higher at lower average zooplankton concentrations, in line with the predictions of the authors that this novel approach of using a stage‐based proxy could be a useful indication of feeding success, growth and mortality in the field. Further, there was a significant interaction effect with ambient temperature, with the ratio being higher at low zooplankton concentrations at higher temperatures. This study also suggests that these findings are not population specific as the same accumulation of non‐feeding larvae in the late non‐feeding stage was observed in laboratory‐reared larvae of both autumn and spring spawning herring populations.
Laparoscopic lateral suspension to treat neovaginal prolapse in a patient with Mayer–Rokitansky–Kuster–Hauser syndrome: A rare case report
Authors: Mulayim Baris , Cimsir Meral Tugba 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVarious methods have been described to treat neovaginal prolapse in patients with Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser (MRKH) syndrome. In this case report, we describe neovaginal prolapse of a 21‐year‐old patient with MRKH syndrome which had been created by sexual intercourse dilation. Herein, the laparoscopic lateral suspension was performed for the surgical correction of neovaginal prolapse which is not available in the literature as far as we search. Prolapse was successfully corrected and vaginal length was provided at a sufficient length of 7 cm. Since after 1‐year of operation, she has remained satisfied with her surgical outcome anatomically, sexually and psychologically. Laparoscopic lateral suspension is a safe and effective treatment in a patient who has neovaginal prolapse with MRKH syndrome and also can be used as a potentially alternative management in the treatment of neovaginal prolapse in patients with MRKH syndrome.
Consumers' perception of different brewed coffee extractions using the sorting technique
Authors: Ferini Juliana Lustosa , Morales Michele Veiga , da Silva Thaís Araújo , Pedreira Juliana Rocha Mendes , de Godoy Nathália Tiyo , de Oliveira Garcia Aline , Tfouni Silvia Amélia Verdiani 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study investigated coffee brewing methods from the consumer perspective using the sorting task. The hypothesis was that consumers consider espresso and coffee capsule beverages to be the result of similar extractions. In the first assessment, the following ten extraction methods were studied: paper filter, cloth strainer, Italian coffee maker, French press, electric coffee maker, espresso, and four capsule coffee machines, and 36 assessors conceptually sorted them into groups. In the second assessment, two espresso and eight capsule coffee samples were evaluated. One hundred and eighteen assessors tasted the samples and sorted them into groups according to their sensory similarity. They also evaluated each group for their acceptability and quality and characterized them by the check‐all‐that‐apply (CATA) method. The results showed that when conceptually evaluating the different brewing methods, the consumers considered espresso and capsule coffees to be alike, but when they tasted the different espresso and capsule coffees, they perceived them as different beverages. Therefore, the sorting task is suitable for measuring how the consumers perceive similarities and differences among different brewed coffees, and was improved by association with the CATA analysis.Practical ApplicationsCoffee capsules are gaining markets worldwide, so this study investigated whether capsule coffee is similar to espresso coffee from the consumer point of view. To analyze this question, the sorting method was applied in an innovative way evaluating the perception of the different coffee extraction methods by presenting videos, photos and the coffee machines and devices themselves. Subsequently, sorting was applied to evaluate the actual beverages. When conceptually evaluating the different brewing methods, the consumers grouped espresso and capsule coffees together, but they perceived differences in the sensory characteristics when they tasted the samples. Thus, marketing companies will be able to use the findings of this research to better communicate with consumers.
Variation in the management of Kawasaki disease in Australia and New Zealand: A survey of paediatricians
Authors: Lucas Ryan , Dennington Peta , Wood Erica , Dionne Audrey , de Ferranti Sarah D , Newburger Jane W , Dahdah Nagib , Cheng Allen , Burgner David , Singh‐Grewal Davinder 
Published: December 2020

AimThis study aimed to describe the current management practices for Kawasaki disease (KD) in Australia and New Zealand.MethodsWe performed a secondary analysis on the Australian and New Zealand responses to a large international survey of clinicians' perspectives on KD diagnosis and management.ResultsThere was general consensus among Australian and New Zealand clinicians regarding the indications for intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin in the management of acute KD. There was less consensus on the dose of these agents, the definition and management of treatment‐resistant KD and the approach to long‐term thromboprophylaxis.ConclusionMost clinicians use intravenous immunoglobulin for primary treatment of KD. There is variation regarding other aspects of KD diagnosis and important management issues. Future studies should confirm whether this reported variation occurs in real‐world practice and assess potential impacts on patient outcome.
Cultural and Linguistic Diversity Among Children and Families Referred for Diagnostic Evaluation of Developmental Delay and Disability: Implications for Service Delivery
Authors: Lewis Amelia K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA significant proportion of health‐ and disability‐sector consumers in Australia speak a language other than English (LOTE) at home. Barriers to service access in culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations are acknowledged; however, there is limited data to guide service delivery among care providers. The aims of the present study were to investigate the linguistic diversity of preschool‐aged children and families presenting for diagnostic assessment of developmental delay and disability at the Disability Specialist Unit, a multidisciplinary assessment service, and assess whether CALD status was associated with poorer service engagement. Specifically, it was hypothesized that CALD status would be associated with decreased likelihood of receiving intervention (particularly multidisciplinary intervention) and attending center‐based care, and an increased likelihood of requiring referral to access available government funding. A retrospective record audit was undertaken of 88 clients seen by the Disability Specialist Unit over a 12‐month period to collect information about CALD status (whether a LOTE was spoken at home) and a range of clinically relevant variables including clinical diagnosis/es, age at assessment, involvement with therapies, attendance at center‐based child care, and whether a referral to access government funding was required. Differences between CALD and non‐CALD groups were explored statistically via odds ratios and independent samples t test. Children from CALD backgrounds were significantly less likely than non‐CALD children to be engaged in multidisciplinary therapy at the time of assessment and significantly more likely to require support to access funding than children from non‐CALD families. Furthermore, children from CALD backgrounds were significantly more likely to receive a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder and global developmental delay or ID. These findings suggest that children from CALD backgrounds are disadvantaged compared to non‐CALD children with respect to service access at the point of tertiary diagnostic evaluation of a developmental disability. Implications for service delivery are discussed.
A New Protocol Using Acidification for Preserving DMSP in Macroalgae and Comparison with Existing Protocols
Authors: Bucciarelli Eva , Stiger‐Pouvreau Valérie , Connan Solène 
Published: December 2020

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) plays many important physiological and ecological roles in macroalgae. The most common method to measure DMSP is by gas chromatography analysis of the dimethylsulfide (DMS) produced after NaOH hydrolysis (pH > 12). Storage of DMS, however, is not recommended for more than a week. We investigated if acidification can be a suitable method to preserve DMSP in macroalgal samples over three months of storage, compared to widely used protocols such as drying and freezing at −20°C. The DMSP content of green (Ulva sp. and Ulva compressa), red (Chondrus crispus), and brown (Bifurcaria bifurcata) macroalgae were analyzed: 24 h after NaOH addition (control values); and after acidification (0.2 mol · L HCl−1) for 24 h of fresh material, followed by NaOH addition for 24 h. These values were compared to measurements after 3‐month storage of samples that had been either dried in a heater (60°C for a night, and storage at room temperature), or frozen at −20°C, or kept in 0.2 mol · L HCl−1. There was no significant difference between DMSP measurements on freshly collected material and after acidification of the samples, whether 24 h later or after 3 months of storage. This was in contrast to 3‐month storage protocols involving overnight drying at 60°C (75‐98% DMSP loss), and to a lesser degree freezing at −20°C (37‐80% DMSP loss). We thus advise to acidify macroalgal samples for preservation over long periods of time rather than drying or freezing, when assaying DMSP content.
Three‐dimensional conformal radiation therapy for canine aortic body tumour: 6 cases (2014–2019)
Authors: Maeda A. , Murakami M. , Iwasaki R. , Goto S. , Kitagawa K. , Sakai H. , Mori T. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of three‐dimensional conformal radiation therapy for canine aortic body tumours.Materials and MethodsMedical records of dogs that had undergone three‐dimensional conformal radiation therapy with presumptive diagnosis of aortic body tumour were reviewed for clinical characteristics, treatment modality and outcomes.ResultsEight dogs were diagnosed with aortic body tumour and were treated with three‐dimensional conformal radiation therapy. One dog had proliferation of a mass in the right atrium during treatment and died of respiratory distress. Another dog did not undergo follow‐up CT to evaluate the treatment response due to the increased blood urea nitrogen values. The remaining 6 dogs were included in the case series. Radiotherapy was performed using a median dose per fraction of 7 Gy (3.3‐7.14 Gy), a median of seven divided doses (7‐15) and a total median dose of 49 Gy (45‐50 Gy). The median number of CT scans during the follow‐up period was 5 (range: 3‐8 times). CT revealed acute side effects in four dogs—grade 1 effects related to the lung (n = 4) and skin (n = 2). Self‐limiting or asymptomatic late side effects (grade 1 lung‐related effect) were observed in three dogs. After therapy, one dog demonstrated a complete response, another demonstrated a partial response and the disease remained stable in four animals. The median follow‐up period was 514.5 (235‐1219) days. After three‐dimensional conformal radiation therapy, the aortic body tumour reduced gradually over time without regrowth in all these 6 dogs.Clinical SignificanceIn this small case series, aortic body tumours responded to three‐dimensional conformal radiation therapy. Transient and self‐limiting side effects of the treatments were common. Further controlled studies are required to prove the effectiveness and the safety of this intervention.
Developing a self‐checklist of staff development behavior for associate nurse unit managers using the Delphi method
Authors: Shimazaki Kazuyo , Ota Katsumasa , Niimi Yukari 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe most significant influence on nurses' professional growth is through work under direct guidance in clinical settings. Associate nurse unit managers perform direct patient care with the staff, as well as assist management work of nurse unit managers. They can be excellent role models for the staff. We examined their behaviors that help promote staff development, aimed to identify effective behaviors, and created a self‐checklist to evaluate them. We created 53 items to assess staff development behaviors, which were evaluated via a Delphi survey with 252 experts and a questionnaire survey with 124 associate nurse unit managers in Japan to evaluate whether the created item was appropriate. The results of the Delphi survey showed an agreement rate of over 90%, and associate nurse unit managers showed an acceptance rate of 82.6–99.2% for 40 of 53 items. Consequently, we created 40‐item self‐checklist of staff development behaviors for associate nurse unit managers with adequate validity. This checklist would be helpful for them to promote staff development while working in clinical settings and would contribute to enhancing the quality of nursing.
Repeatability of pupil size measurements with NIDEK OPD‐Scan III in myopic children
Authors: Tan Qi , Ng Alex LK , Cheng George PM , Woo Victor CP , Cho Pauline 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the repeatability of pupil size measurements, determined from the NIDEK OPD‐Scan III, of myopic eyes in children wearing single‐vision spectacles (SVS), undergoing orthokeratology (OK) and receiving combined treatment of 0.01% atropine and orthokeratology (AOK).MethodsA single examiner took two sets of mesopic pupil size measurements from the right eyes of 80 children (SVS:16, OK: 34, AOK: 30) (mesopic 1 and mesopic 2) and two sets of photopic (photopic 1 and photopic 2) pupil size measurements (internal light source) using the NIDEK OPD‐Scan III. Each set was taken at a single visit, 15 min apart. Subjects in the OK and AOK groups had undergone treatment for at least 6 months, and the SVS subjects had no previous myopia treatment other than wearing spectacles. Repeatability of measurements was analysed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Bland‐Altman (BA) plot, and coefficient of repeatability (CoR).ResultsMesopic 1 and 2 values were not significantly different among the three groups (p = 0.56, 0.77), hence the data were pooled for each set of measurements (mean [±S.D.] values were 7.09 ± 0.61 and 7.12 ± 0.61 mm, respectively) for further analyses. ICC for repeated mesopic pupil size measurements was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.98–0.99). No significant correlation was found between the means of the mesopic 1 and 2 measurements and their differences (Pearson's r = −0.02, p = 0.83). A BA plot also demonstrated narrow 95% limits of agreement, with a CoR of 0.28 mm.Mean photopic 1 and 2 measurements for the AOK group (3.74 ± 0.46; 3.73 ± 0.43 mm, respectively) were significantly larger (p = 0.01; 0.009) than those of the SVS and OK groups, but no significant difference was found between the latter two groups (p > 0.05). Hence, photopic 1 and 2 measurements for the SVS and OK groups were pooled (SVS‐OK) for further analyses. ICC for repeatability of the photopic measurements was 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96 to 0.99) for the SVS‐OK and AOK groups. The differences between photopic 1 and 2 measurements were not significantly correlated with their means, either in the AOK group (Pearson's r = −0.25, p = 0.19), or in the pooled SVS‐OK group (Pearson's r = −0.04, p = 0.78). BA plots also showed narrow 95% limits of agreement, and CoR was 0.25 mm and 0.23 mm in the AOK and pooled SVS‐OK groups, respectively.ConclusionMesopic and photopic pupil size measurement using the NIDEK OPD‐Scan III was highly repeatable and suitable for use on children.
Ultrasound‐Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mostafa Shaimaa F. , Abdelghany Mohamed S. , Abu Elyazed Mohamed M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundBariatric surgery is frequently complicated with considerable postoperative pain. We evaluated the impact of ultrasound‐guided erector spinae plane block on perioperative analgesia and pulmonary functions following laparoscopic bariatric surgery.MethodsA total of 60 patients aged 18 to 65 years with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥ 40 kg/m2 were randomly allocated into two groups. Patients received either bilateral erector spinae plane block using 20 mL bupivacaine 0.25% at the level of the T7 transverse process or bilateral sham block using 20 mL normal saline on each side. Visual analog scale, intraoperative fentanyl consumption, the cumulative 24‐hour postoperative morphine consumption, and postoperative pulmonary functions were recorded.ResultsVisual analog scale for the first eight postoperative hours were significantly lower in the erector spinae plane block group than the control group. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) intraoperative fentanyl consumption was higher in the control group (159.5 [112.0 to 177.8] μg) than in the erector spinae plane block group (0.0 [0.0 to 74.5] μg) (P < 0.001). The median (IQR) cumulative 24‐hour postoperative morphine consumption was lower in the erector spinae plane block group (8.0 [7.0 to 9.0] mg) than in the control group (21.0 [17.0 to 26.25] mg) (P < 0.001, 95% CI [11.00, 15.00]). Postoperative pulmonary functions were significantly impaired in both groups compared with baseline values without significant difference between both groups.ConclusionUltrasound‐guided erector spinae plane block provided satisfactory postoperative analgesia following laparoscopic bariatric surgery with decreased analgesic consumption without significant difference in postoperative pulmonary functions compared with the control group.
Bootstrapping Conceptual Normativity?
Authors: Thornton Tim 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBoth anti‐reductionist and reductionist accounts of meaning face challenges accounting for first acquiring linguistic concepts. This paper examines whether Ginsborg's ‘primitive normativity’ might explain such learning. Primitive normativity can be understood as either a ‘no conception’ or a ‘local conception’ version. Rejecting the ‘no conception’ account in favour of a ‘local conception’ of a rule or norm expressed in context‐dependent demonstrations provides one response to Fodor's argument that concept learning is impossible. It also provides anti‐reductionism with at least one stepping stone to learning full‐blown linguistically articulated concepts based on a more primitive local form of normativity.
Comparative transcriptome profile analysis of rice varieties with different tolerance to zinc deficiency
Authors: Lu X. , Liu S. , Zhi S. , Chen J. , Ye G. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Zinc (Zn) is an indispensable element for rice growth. Zn deficiency results in brown blotches and streaks 2–3 weeks after transplanting, as well as stunting, reduced tillering, and low productivity of rice plants. These processes are controlled by different families of expressed genes.

A comparative transcriptome profile analysis was conducted using the roots of two Zn deficiency tolerant varieties (UCP122 and KALIBORO26) and two sensitive varieties (IR26 and IR64) by merging data from untreated control (CK) and Zn deficiency treated samples.

Results revealed a total of 4,688 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the normal Zn and deficient conditions, with 2,702 and 1,489 unique DEGs upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis identified transcription factors (TFs), such as WRKY, MYB, ERF, and bHLH which are important in the regulation of the Zn deficiency response. Furthermore, chitinases, jasmonic acid, and phenylpropanoid pathways were found to be important in the Zn deficiency response. The metal tolerance protein (MTP) genes also appeared to play an important role in conferring tolerance to Zn deficiency. A heavy metal‐associated domain‐containing protein 7 was associated with tolerance to Zn deficiency and negatively regulated downstream genes.

Collectively, our findings provide valuable expression patterns and candidate genes for the study of molecular mechanisms underlying the response to Zn deficiency and for improvements in breeding for tolerance to Zn deficiency in rice.
Expressions of cytochrome P450 aromatase and anti‐Müllerian hormone in testes of fattening pigs by the timing of the first vaccination for immunocastration
Authors: Srisuwatanasagul Kongkiat , Srisuwatanasagul Sayamon , Roongsitthichai Atthaporn 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn practice, two injections of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine are recommended for pig immunocastration for effective outcomes. The present study aimed to investigate the expressions of cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom) and anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) in testes, testicular length and testicular histomorphometry of the fattening pigs receiving the first injection of GnRH vaccine 6 weeks earlier than the standard protocol. Based on vaccination protocol, 24 pigs were equally divided into three groups: T1 was vaccinated at 15 and 19 weeks of age, T2 received vaccine at 9 and 19 weeks of age and C remained intact. P450arom and AMH expressions were analysed using immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The results revealed that testicular length was highest in C pigs, but not different between T1 and T2 groups (6.5 ± 0.2 versus 6.9 ± 0.3 cm, p = .538). Histomorphometry demonstrated that the height of spermatogenic epithelia, the diameter of seminiferous tubules and the number of seminiferous tubules between T1 and T2 groups were not different (p > .05). For P450arom, immunohistochemistry revealed that H‐score of C group was significantly higher than that of both T1 and T2 groups. Western blot analysis showed that C group possessed the densest protein band. Moreover, H‐score between T1 and T2 groups was not significantly different. Protein band intensity between both groups was not apparently different. As for AMH, C pigs had significantly lower H‐score than both T1 and T2 pigs. Furthermore, T2 pigs possessed significantly higher H‐score than T1 pigs. Western blot analysis showed that the most intense protein band was found in T2 group. In summary, GnRH vaccine affected testicular development and functions. The first injection could be performed either at 9 or 15 weeks of age since both protocols contributed to comparable results in aspect of testicular length, histomorphometry and expressions of P450arom and AMH.