bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF IRON DEFICIENCY IN INFANTS BY MEASURING SERUM FERRETIN LEVELS
Authors: Jauhri Dr. Neeraj 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: In human body for many metabolic processes to take place as a mineral iron is necessary element. It is a part of haemoglobin which is important and essential for the delivery of oxygen to the cells of body. Worldwide especially in developing countries Nutritional anaemia is problem with the highest prevalence. When the hemoglobin and/or hematocrit are two standard deviations below the mean for that particular age and sex then a child is said to be anemic. This national problem of iron deficiency (ID) without anemia is worldwide concern which lead to long term neurodevelopment and behavior disorders that may be irreversible. Anaemia is consider as serious condition because it impair in behavioral and motor development, impairments in cognitive performance, coordination, language development, and scholastic achievement as well as increased morbidity from infectious diseases. This is most endangered in age group of 6- 24 months of age.
Aim: The main objective of this study is to prevalence of iron deficiency in infants by measuring serum ferretin levels.
Material and Method: Total 70 patients with various age groups from 1 month to 24 months of age group attending to Pediatrics department of this college were included for study. For each patient various physical examinations were carried out to rule out other causes of anaemia like hemolytic anaemia, anaemia of chronic disease etc. laboratory investigations like CBC, Hb indices and peripheral smear carried out. In all the patients Serum ferritin levels were estimated.
Result: Prevalence of anaemia (Hb<11gm/dl) in 1- 12 months age group was 82.3%, in 13- 18 months age group was 79.5% and in case of 19-24 months age group was 85.4%. Overall, 82.7% of infants were found to be anemic. Amont the total anaemic patients 45 infants (64.3%) among 70 infants had mild anaemia, 19 infants (27.1%) had moderate anaemia, 6 infants (8.6%) had severe anaemia. 48 (68.6%) out of 70 patients had low serum ferritin levels and only 21(30%) had normal levels. Out of 70 patients 48 had low serum ferritin levels. However though not all infants having low MCV had iron deficiency but all iron deficient infants have low MCV value. 2 of 70 infants had serum ferritin level >400ng/ml.
Conclusion: In this study there is significantly Association between iron deficiency and low MCV. This study emphasis need for iron supplementation aim all healthy infants as early as 6 months. More and more studies on a larger population of children should be carried out to determine the role of other factors is needed.
Keywords: Infants, iron deficiency, serum ferretin, Haemoglobin level, MCV
EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CROWNS USED FOR RESTORATION OF ENDODONTICALLY TREATED TEETH
Authors: Shreya Dr. Shivangi 
Published: March 2020

Endodontically treated teeth (ETT) have been problematic in most cases as a result of dental caries, fractures, previous restorations and endodontic procedures. Several post system techniques and materials are currently used to build up ETT with moderate or severe loss of coronal tooth structure and to retain final restorations. Following root filling, the custom-made cast metallic post and core with metal-ceramic crowns was the traditional restoration of choice, but this has changed. The patients’ primary motivation for seeking superior dental aesthetics, particularly in the anterior aesthetic zone, has prompted the development of non-metallic restorations. Several new types of polymeric and more aesthetic quartz and glass-fibres posts, combined with direct resin composite cores, provide an aesthetic foundation for an all-ceramic crown and have overcome the aesthetic limitations of metallic posts and cores in the anterior teeth. Until recently, there has been controversy in the dental community regarding which material or technique is the most favourable for the restoration of ETT. It seems that the amount and retentive capacity of the remaining tooth structure, the position of the tooth in the dental arch, the functional or para-functional loading on the tooth, and the treatment plan to restore aesthetics and function all influence the selection of the most appropriate post system for each case. Hence the present study was planned for Evaluation of Different Types of Crowns Used For Restoration Of Endodontically Treated Teeth.
The present study was planned in Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Buddha Institute of Dental Science and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India. The 40 cases of maxillary anterior endodontically treated teeth (ETT). The roots were restored with reinforced GFPs (Relaxy Fiber Post, 3M ESPE, Germany), and composite resin cores (Tertic-N-Ceramic, Ivoclar Vivadent, Lichenestine).
The survival of ETT is contingent on the residual sound tooth structure that remains after the endodontic access and caries removal are performed consequently the most important factors upon restoring ETT become the maximum preservation and conservation of enamel, dentin and the dentinoenamel junction. Hence, bonded partial restorations are always preferred over full coverage cementable crowns. More clinical studies comparing adhesive crowns bonded to postless build-ups or post and -core build-ups are needed for a better understanding of postless approaches in biomimetic restorative dentistry.
Keywords: Endodontically treated teeth, Crown, cores, post, etc.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE TOOTH LOSS IN PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Kumari Dr. Pallavi 
Published: March 2020

Help in detecting diabetes may come from an unlikely source like a dentist as an allied health team, as it is rightly said ‘oral cavity is the mirror of the body system’. They may diagnose undetected cases of diabetes and may refer to a physician for further evaluation and treatment. Research studies have found a link between periodontal (gum) disease and diabetes. Symptoms of the disease often appear in the mouth, while almost one-third of people with diabetes have severe periodontal disease. This is believed to be a result of the diabetic patient’s greater susceptibility to developing infections. Conversely, severe periodontal disease may increase the risk of developing diabetes, and may make it more difficult to manage blood sugar levels. However, studies have found that patients who receive treatment for periodontal disease may be able to control the condition with less insulin. Dentists often detect symptoms of diabetes during routine oral health examinations. Foamy saliva, unusually dry and irritated tissue, poor periodontal conditions inside the mouth are tell-tale signs of the condition. And, diabetic patients often lose more teeth compared to patients without the disease. Proper and effective management of patients with diabetes requires that the practice evaluate all aspects of patient interaction. Systems need to be customized so that all procedures and patient communication scripts are implemented consistently to meet the distinct needs of patients with diabetes. Hence based on above findings the present study was planned for clinical evaluation of the tooth loss in periodontal disease in diabetic patients.
The present study was planned in Department of Public Health Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences, Patna ,Bihar for a period of six months from January 2019 to June 2019. Total 40 patients were evaluated during this period . Out of that 20 cases are of Diabetic patients were enrolled in first group and another second group consist of 20 control patients without any diseases.
The data generated from the present study concludes that there is significant difference in teeth loss amongst diabetics and non-diabetics. People with diabetes should be aware about the periodontal complications associated with it and should go for regular dental visits. Therefore it is the need of the hour to educate the dentists, general physicians and specialists about the association of systemic diseases with oral health and vice versa as many of the systemic diseases may be prevented and improved by improving oral hygiene.
Keywords: Tooth Loss, Periodontal Disease, Diabetic Patients, etc.
TO STUDY THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF AIRWAY ABNORMALITY IN TERMS OF ALTERATION IN PFT IN ASYMPTOMATIC SMOKERS.
Authors: Solanki Dr. Hitesh Kumar , Yadav Dr. Omnath P , Gojiya Dr. Anita J 
Published: March 2020

The study was conducted in department of physiology, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad from Mar. 2012 to Feb. 2013. This was a cross-sectional study to evaluate the effect of smoking on lung function and serum lipids in asymptomatic smokers and comparable non smokers.
The mean of the various spirometric parameters were calculated of the subjects for both the groups. The mean FVC in group I and group II was 2.60 ± 0.62 L and 4.10 ± 0.64L respectively. The mean FEV1 in group I was 1.91 ± 0.57L and 3.19 ± 0.77L in group II Group I had mean FEF25% - 75% and PEFR of 1.98 ± 0.67L/sec and 4.50 ± 1.57L/sec respectively. Group II had mean FEF25 – 75% of 4.22 ± 1.23L/sec and a mean PEFR of 7.22 ± 1.42L/sec.
In young smokers and asymptomatic, still the spirometric values were significantly deranged as compared to controls. Even smokers with history of less pack years of smoking also had significant abnormalities of lung function. All he spirometric values in the two groups had statistically highly significant difference and were higher in non-smokers as compared to smokers. The spirometric values were reduced in smokers with history of smoking for as low as two pack years.
Keywords: Progression, PFT, Asymptomatic & Smokers
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA AND CORTICOSTEROID INJECTION IN THE TREATMENT OF PLANTAR FASCIITIS
Authors: Johar Dr. S. A. Mustafa , Parmar Dr. Rajeev , Ghodawat Dr. Tushaar 
Published: March 2020

Background: Plantar fasciitis is defined as localized inflammation due to chronic repeated microinjury to the substance of plantar aponeuroses and the patients present to the clinic for pain in heel. In this study, autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a concentrated bioactive blood component rich in growth factors, was compared to traditional steroid injection usually methylprednisolone in the treatment of plantar fasciitis resistant to traditional nonoperative management.
Methods: Eighty patients with plantar fasciitis were included in the study and randomly categorised into group A (steroid inj) and Group B (prp inj). 3 cc PRP or 40 mg DepoMedrol injected into plantar aponeurosis at maximum point of tenderness, in both groups separately. Results of both groups comparedand Score of both the groups tellied by using vas score.
Study Design and Time: Prospective cohort study of 6 months duration.
Inclusion criteria: All cases of plantar fasciitis except cases of metabolic disorder
Exclusion criteria: other plantar pathologies and deformities. calcaneum fractures Old treated with injections.
Results: The instillation of PRP found to be more effective than Steroids injection in terms of pain and functional results in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Clinical evaluation was performed before treatment and at the 6th week, 12th week and 24th weeks from instillation of PRP/steroid in follow up visits. Visual analog scale were used in the clinical evaluation.
Keywords: Platelet-Rich, Plasma, Corticosteroid, Plantar & Fasciitis.
A STUDY OF PULMONARY FUNCTION TESTS IN A PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH GLYCAEMIC CONTROL AND DURATION OF DIABETES AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Gupta Dr. Sonam , Gupta Dr. Yadvendra 
Published: March 2020

Background- The pulmonary and other late complications of diabetes share a similar microangiopathy mechanism. Since, they share common mechanisms there may be associations between lung function and markers of microangiopathy. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association of pulmonary function with diabetes and the correlation of pulmonary function abnormalities with microvascular complications.
Methods- This was a cross sectional comparative study carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Jaipur,Rajasthan, India. Eligible participants included 100 adults below 60 years of age with T2DM attending the outpatient clinics or admitted to the wards during the study period, and an equal number of non-diabetic adults matched for age and gender who served as the comparative controls.
Results- The present study clearly showed a highly statistically significant p value when the lung function tests (FVC, FEV1, and PEFR) were compared between type 2 diabetics and age, sex, BMI matched controls. The duration of DM and PFT correlation was found stastically significant and HbA1c and PFT correlation was found stastically Insignificant.
Conclusion- Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes may lead to diabetes associated systemic inflammation which results in airway and lung damage. Diabetes was more common in the sixth decade of life with slight male preponderance. The most common PFT derangement pattern in diabetic subjects is a restrictive pattern and having a significantly longer duration of a diabetic. The short-term indicators of glycemic controls were not significantly associated with a restrictive pattern of PFT.
Keywords: Diabetes, Pulmonary function test, HbA1c, Duration of diabetes.
TO MEASURE THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ULTRASONOGRAPHY MEASURED HYOMENTAL DISTANCE RATIO AND EASE OF LARYNGOSCOPY
Authors: Koundal Dr. Vishal , Kumar Dr. Mahesh 
Published: March 2020

Background: Difficult and failed tracheal intubation after direct laryngoscopy is a dreaded complication of general anesthesia as it is associated with serious morbidity and mortality.
Methods: Prospective Observational conducted at Department of Anesthesiology, Dr. RPGMC Kangra at Tanda, Himachal Pradesh.
Results: In the present study, the mean hyomental distance ratio was (mean±SD:1.1.±.127 and 1.04±.018) in predicting CL grade 3 and 4 respectively (P=0.010) and 1.12±.033, 1.11±.035 in grade 1 and 2 respectively.
Conclusion: Ultrasound is better and fast in confirming endotracheal intubation.
Keywords: Ultrasound, endotracheal intubation, direct laryngoscopy.
EVALUATION OF ECTOPIC ERUPTION IN TEETH’S OF CHILDRENS FROM 5 TO 12 YEARS AGE GROUP
Authors: Rai Dr. Anurag , Kumar Dr. Tanoj , Rai Dr. Shweta , Kumari Dr. Minti , Chaudhary Dr. Pallawee 
Published: March 2020

Treatment is advised to guide the tooth into a more favorable path of eruption to minimize damage to affected dentition, preserve arch length, and to maintain function. Without intervention, sequelae can include premature loss of the anteriorly affected tooth, tipping and rotation of the ectopic molar, space loss and malocclusion. Treatment will depend upon the severity of the impaction. Mildly to moderately impacted molars can be guided easily with elastic orthodontic separators. More severe impactions require more complex treatment options, including potential extraction of the anteriorly affected tooth, removable or fixed appliances, or surgical uprighting. The present study was planned for evaluation of Evaluation of Ectopic Eruption in Teeth’s of Childrens from 5 to 12 Years Age Group.
The present study was planned in Department of Orthodontics, Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna. Total 50 childrens referred to Department of Orthodontics were evaluated for the ectopic eruptions. All the radiographs were compared in each patient, along all the usual followup time. To rule out the possibility of error due to radiographic magnification, the crown measurements in bitewing radiographs and in dental casts were compared, and no significant differences were present.
Early intervention of ectopically erupting first permanent molars is very crucial to avoid complex orthodontic treatment later on. Ectopic eruption of individual teeth tend to occur as often bilaterally as unilaterally in the same arch, except for mandibular central incisors, first molars and mandibular canines. Early diagnosis and interception of ectopically erupting teeth will allow us in preventing more complicated malocclusions in future.
Keywords: Eruption problems, Ectopic eruption, Permanent teeth, etc.
STUDY OF FOETAL ULTRASOUND OF NEUROECTODERMAL ANOMALIES IN ANTENATAL MOTHERS.
Authors: Choudhary Richa , Sinha Dr. Rishikant 
Published: March 2020

Objectives: This study was to evaluate the incidence, prevalence and various types of neuroectodermal anomalies of foetuses in antenatal mothers.
Methods: All pregnant women with intrauterine pregnancy of gestational age ranging from 12 weeks to Post-term cases were included for this study. We were studied on 21450 ultrasound scan of antenatal mothers, who were come for routine check up. Among them 50 foetuses anomalies were found.
Results: Data was analyzed by using simple statistical methods with the help of MS-office software. All data was tabulated, and percentage was calculated.
Conclusions: Neuroectodrmal anomalies of foetuses were commonly seen in maternal age group of 30-40 years and prevalence was 0.23%. Anencephaly and hydrocephalus associated with spina bifida were seen in most of the CNS anomalies foetuses. Spina bifida in the lower lumbar region associated with a meningocoele or myelomeningocoele was the most common. Hence, ultrasound is an effective investigative modality for in utero screening of congenital anomalies. Ultrasound imaging in antenatal period practically gives an anatomical record of the developing foetus. So that early detection of anomalies especially in first and early second trimester helps in planning termination, interventions and further management of neuroectodermal anomalies foetus.
Keywords: Antenatal mothers, Ultrasound scan, Neuroectodermal anomalies
CLINICAL FINDINGS OF 2-MONTHS-OLD BABY WITH APERT SYNDROME: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors: Reynaldo Giovanni , Desiree Audrey , Tjakra Alfonso 
Published: March 2020

Apert Syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by a premature sutural fusion that can occur as a single abnormality or associated with other anomalies. Mutations are transmitted in the paternal chromosome, which is why advanced paternal age could be a risk factor. We report a 2-months old baby boy came to the ER with shortness of breath and difficulty in nutrition intake caused by choking at home. Physical examination revealed there was more than one congenital abnormalities exist on this patient, including craniosynostosis, prominent frontal region, mid-face hypoplasia, wide set eyes (hypertelorism), downslanting palpebral fissure, ocular proptosis, low-set ears, dysplasia of both ears, symmetrical syndactyly of both fingers and toes, and cleft palate which is revealed in intra-oral examination. Early diagnosis and intervention from multidisciplinary approach is important in improving the outcome of Apert Syndrome.
Keywords: Apert Syndrome, Craniosynostosis, paternal, multidisciplinary
A RANDOMIZED COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PROGRESS OF LABOUR AND FETAL OUTCOME OF DELIVERY AMONGST SPONTANEOUS VERSUS INDUCED LABOUR IN TERM PREGNANCY PRIMI GRAVIDA OF USING MODIFIED WHO PARTOGRAPH IN THE DEPARTMENT OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY SMS MEDICAL COLLEG
Authors: Chouhan Yeshwant Singh , Sharma Anju , Agrawal Megha 
Published: March 2020

Background: Childbirth is the period from the onset of regular uterine contraction until expulsion of placenta. The process by which this normally occurs is called labour. Induction of labour is the artificial initiation of uterine contraction prior to their spontaneous onset, leading to progressive dilatation and effacement of the cervix and delivery of the baby. Labour induction is indicated where the benefits to either the mother or the fetus outweighs the benefit of continuing pregnancy.
Methods: Hospital based Prospective type of cross sectional study conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, S.M.S Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan. We assessed the following perinatal outcomes: at 1st and 5th minute APGAR score; birth weight; birth injuries; respiratory distress syndrome; admission to the NICU; number of days in NICU; neonatal deaths taking place in hospital within the first week of life; stillbirth or intrauterine death.
Results: The highest percentage of babies were in the weight category of 2500 to 3499 grams in both groups, 83.3% in spontaneous and 76.7% in induced group, followed by ≥3500 gram and <2500 gram respectively. There is no statistical significant difference in weight of babies between the groups (P=0.64). In induced group ≤7 APGAR Score at 1 minute is 1.1%, and 7.8% in spontaneous group. There is statistically significant increase in Spontaneous group (P < 0.05). In induced group ≤7 Apgar score at 5 minutes is 0%, and 5.6% in spontaneous group. ≤7 APGAR score at 5minutes is significantly higher in Spontaneous group (P < 0.05). 3.3% of Induced group babies needed Admission to NICU compared to 2.2% in Spontaneous group, there is no statistically significant difference between groups (P = 0.684)
Conclusion: We conclude from this study that though requirement of Augmentation for progress of Labour was more in induced group and Instrumentation rate of Caesarean section was also high in induced group. But the Neonatal outcome of Labour if monitored with modified WHO Partograph is less than Spontaneous group and also duration of labour is shorter in induced labour.
Keywords: WHO Partograph, Induction, Neonatal outcome.