bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and efficacy of programmed cell death‐1 antibody SHR‐1210 combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy to treat locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a study protocol for an exploratory single‐arm phase Ib trial
Authors: Wei Xiaoying , Guo Zhoubo , Zhang Wencheng , Zhang Tian , Chen Xi , Dong Jie , Han Dong , Lei Tongda , Du Qingwu , Pang Qingsong , Wang Ping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common pathological pattern in China, with poor prognosis due to its early and frequent metastasis. Definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for inoperable locally advanced ESCC. Studies have shown promising efficacy of immune‐checkpoint inhibitors in ESCC. This study explores the safety and efficacy of immunotherapy combined with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced ESCC.MethodThis study was an exploratory, open, single‐arm clinical trial involving 20 untreated patients with locally advanced ESCC. The patients were treated with eight cycles (4 weeks per cycle) of SHR‐1210 concurrently combined with 6 weeks of radiotherapy, and 4 weeks of chemotherapy and apatinib beginning from 4 weeks after the completion of radiotherapy to the end of treatment. Primary end‐points were treatment‐related adverse events, serious adverse events, and patients’ quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer's Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ)‐C30 and QLQ‐OES18). Secondary end‐points were the objective response rate, progression‐free survival, and overall survival.DiscussionThis phase Ib study evaluates the tolerability and efficacy of programmed cell death‐1 antibody along with definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy in treating locally advanced ESCC. This novel combination is expected to yield fewer side‐effects and better survival.
Wrapping and anchoring effects on CFRP strengthened reinforced concrete arches subjected to blast loads
Authors: Zhao Chengjie , Liu Yang , Wang Peng , Jiang Meirong , Zhou Jiannan , Kong Xinli , Chen Yishun , Jin Fengnian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the effectiveness of bonding carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) with additional wraps or anchors to strengthen reinforced concrete (RC) arches resisting blast loads, which is of great significance to optimize the CFRP strengthening methods. To improve the anti‐explosion behavior, RC arches are bonded with CFRP sheets in longitudinal and transverse directions, and anti‐explosion behaviors were investigated through experiments. The performance of strengthened arches is discussed in terms of damage degrees in contrast to the un‐strengthened arch. Under explosive loading, the resistance of composite arches to spalling, shearing, and bending is much better than that of control arch. The results show that the anti‐explosion effect of wrapping or anchoring, which can prevent CFRP debonding or peeling‐off, is much better than only bonding CFRP in the longitudinal direction. Besides, simplified analysis models are proposed to assess the blast‐resistant capacity of CFRP strengthened RC arches, which show good agreement with the experiment.
Molecular systematics of the tribe Prismatomerideae (Rubiaceae) and its taxonomic consequences, with notes on the importance of the inflorescence morphology for species‐group recognition in Rennellia
Authors: Razafimandimbison Sylvain G. , Wong Khoon‐Meng , Rydin Catarina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTropical Asia is one of the centers of species diversity of flowering plants, in particular the coffee family (Rubiaceae). Prismatomerideae (the Psychotrieae alliance, subfamily Rubioideae) are a mostly Southeast Asian tribe encompassing four genera of shrubs and small trees (monospecific Gentingia and Motleyia, Prismatomeris with 16 spp., Rennellia with 4–5 spp.). We conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses of this group based on the nuclear and plastid sequence data from six markers and using Bayesian inference. The main goal was to produce a robust phylogeny of the tribe, which was subsequently used to (1) reassess its monophyly and phylogenetic position within the Psychotrieae alliance; (2) rigorously test the monophyly of Prismatomeris and Rennellia; (3) assess the phylogenetic relationships between the genera; and (4) evaluate the phylogenetic value of the inflorescence type currently used for species recognition in Rennellia. Motleyia was not sequenced due to the lack of material, and therefore its affinity with the other genera was assessed based on morphology. The tribe was supported as monophyletic and resolved as sister to the (Gaertnereae (Mitchelleae‐Morindeae)) clade. The monophyly of Prismatomeris sensu Johansson was strongly supported, but we argue for the merging of the monospecific genus Motleyia into Prismatomeris based on their strong morphological similarities coupled with the paraphyly of Prismatomeris with respect to Motleyia. Rennellia was strongly supported as paraphyletic with respect to Gentingia. We propose the transfer of the monospecific genus Gentingia to Rennellia, also consistent with their strong morphological resemblance. Prismatomerideae were resolved in two major sister lineages, the Prismatomeris and Rennellia clades, corresponding to our broadly delimited Prismatomeris and Rennellia. Three well‐supported and morphologically distinct subclades were identified within Rennellia s.l., of which one was represented by Rennellia subsessilis, with sessile and reduced umbel‐like inflorescences bearing two to four flowers. The other two subclades have compound spike‐like (or sub‐raceme‐like) and raceme‐like inflorescences, an important distinction in species‐group recognition. We conclude that inflorescence type shows a strong phylogenetic signal and is, therefore, a reliable feature for recognizing groups of species in Rennellia. Additional taxonomic characters are, however, needed for teasing apart closely related species with the same inflorescence types. Subsequent to our taxonomic revision, the tribe Prismatomerideae comprises two genera: Prismatomeris and Rennellia. One and two new combinations, respectively, are presented, bringing the total number of species in the tribe to 25, of which 17 are in Prismatomeris and 8 in Rennellia. A new species key to Rennellia s.l. is presented.
Genetic diversity, population structure, and ancestry estimation in the Antennaria rosea (Asteraceae: Gnaphalieae) polyploid agamic complex
Authors: Thapa Ramhari , Bayer Randall J. , Mandel Jennifer R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAntennaria rosea, a polyploid agamic complex, originated from hybridization, polyploidization, and introgression of as many as eight diploid/tetraploid sexual Antennaria species in the Rocky Mountains of North America. The species shows tremendous variation within and among populations including phyllary coloration, number and arrangement of heads per flowering stalk, and leaf size/shape leading to the enumeration of many microspecies and a taxonomic challenge. A comprehensive evolutionary study of these populations would clarify the origins and evolution of A. rosea as a polyploid agamic complex. Using genetic markers developed for Antennaria species, genetic diversity, population structure, and ancestry estimation of 18 A. rosea populations distributed in the Rocky Mountains of the U.S.A. were studied. Comparatively, A. rosea populations distributed in the Northern Rocky Mountain region had higher levels of genetic diversity than the populations in the southern Rocky Mountain region. Antennaria rosea populations were divided into three genetically distinct clusters, and populations within each genetic cluster showed high correlations regarding geographic distribution and ancestry. Two of the putative parents, A. microphylla and A. umbrinella, were the major sources of parentage for A. rosea populations, and notably, these species were widely distributed and sympatric with most of the A. rosea populations from this study. A novel finding of this study was that each of the A. rosea populations had its origins from different sexual progenitors and, although A. microphylla and A. umbrinella were the major contributors to the parentage of most of the A. rosea clones sampled, the other six sexual species also contributed to a lesser degree to their origins. Our study also indicated that sympatry of parents contributes substantially to the origination of polyploid populations of A. rosea.
Near conformal perturbation theory in SYK type models
Authors: Das Sumit R. , Ghosh Animik , Jevicki Antal , Suzuki Kenta 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We present a systematic procedure to extract the dynamics of the low energy soft mode in SYK type models with a single energy scale J and emergent reparametrization symmetry in the IR. This is given in the framework of the perturbative scheme of arXiv:1608.07567 based on a specific (off-shell) breaking of conformal invariance in the UV, adjusted to yield the exact large-N saddle point. While this breaking term formally vanishes on-shell, it has a non-trivial effect on correlation functions and the effective action. In particular, it leads to the Schwarzian action with a specific coupling to bi-local matter. The method is applied to the evaluation of O(1) corrections to the correlation function of bi-locals. As a byproduct we confirm precise agreement with the explicit, symmetry breaking procedure. We provide a verification in the large q limit (Liouville theory), where the correlators can be calculated exactly at all length scales. In this case, our scheme illuminates how the enhanced O(J) and the subleading O(1) contributions originate from the Schwarzian dynamics of the soft mode and its interaction with h = 2 (bi-local) matter.
B vitamin blood concentrations and one-carbon metabolism polymorphisms in a sample of Italian women and men attending a unit of transfusion medicine: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bortolus Renata , Filippini Francesca , Udali Silvia , Rinaldi Marianna , Genesini Sabrina , Gandini Giorgio , Montagnana Martina , Chiaffarino Francesca , Lippi Giuseppe , Pattini Patrizia , De Grandi Gelinda , Olivieri Oliviero , Parazzini Fabio , Friso Simonetta 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To define blood status of folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, homocysteine, and major one-carbon metabolism-related polymorphisms in healthy, males and females blood donors, aged 18–65 years were evaluated. General characteristics and lifestyle factors were also investigated.

Methods
An explorative cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate a sample of blood donors attending the Unit of Transfusion Medicine of the Verona University Hospital, Italy. From April 2016 to May 2018, 499 subjects were enrolled (255 men, 244 women of whom 155 of childbearing age). Major clinical characteristics including lifestyle and dietary habits, B vitamins and homocysteine were analyzed. The MTHFR 677 C>T, cSHMT 1420 C>T, DHFR 19 bp ins/del, RFC1 80 G>A polymorphisms were also determined.

Results
Mean plasma concentrations of folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6 and homocysteine were 14.2 nmol/L (95% CI 13.7–14.8), 271.9 pmol/L (95% CI 262.6–281.5), 51.0 nmol/L (95% CI 48.7–53.4) and 13.5 µmol/L (95% CI 13.1–14.0), respectively. Plasma folate, was adequate (> 15 nmol/L) in 44.7% of all subjects, 39.0% of males and 42.5% of women < 45 years. Similarly, vitamin B12 was adequate (> 350 pmol/L) in 25.1% of all subjects and in 20.3% of men ≥ 45 years. The rare allele frequencies were 0.21 for MTHFR 677TT, 0.11 for cSHMT 1420TT, 0.18 for DHFR 19 bp del/del, 0.20 for RFC1 80AA, and a gene–nutrient interaction was confirmed for folate concentrations according to MTHFR 677C>T and DHFR 19 bp del/del.

Conclusion
An Italian sample of healthy blood donors shows that an adequate concentration of plasma folate and vitamin B12 is reached only in a limited percentage of subjects, thus encouraging consideration for specific public health strategies.
Health services research in colorectal cancer: a quasi-experimental interventional pilot study on in- and outpatient oncology
Authors: Reiter Margarete , Gerken Michael , Lindberg-Scharf Patricia , Fuerst Alois , Liebig-Hörl Gudrun , Ortmann Olaf , Eberl Ingeborg , Bartholomeyczik Sabine 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionDue to frequent treatment side effects and weight loss, colorectal cancer patients require oncologic care and nutritional counseling both during and after hospitalization. The current study evaluated differences in discharge and side effects management and nutritional behavior between colorectal cancer patients of a control group without systematic counseling and of an intervention group with access to structured in- and outpatient oncology nurse and nutritional counseling.MethodsThe presented explorative, quantitative, single-center, interventional pilot study is a health services research project with a quasi-experimental design. Using a self-designed standardized questionnaire, data were collected from the control group (n = 75) before and from the intervention group (n = 114) after the introduction of in- and outpatient oncology nurse and structured systematic nutritional counseling. The in- and outpatient counseling services were developed and evaluated in the form of a structured nurse-led counseling concept.ResultsIntervention group patients profited significantly from inpatient oncology nurse counseling in seven different areas of discharge management. No differences were observed concerning patient-reported general and gastrointestinal side effects except for xerostomia and dysphagia, but of the patients participating in both in- and outpatient oncology nurse counseling, 90.0% were better able to cope with general side effects of treatment. Patients with in- and outpatient structured systematic nutritional counseling more frequently received nutritional information (p = 0.001), were better at gauging food intolerances (p = 0.023), and followed the dietician's advice in cases of gastrointestinal side effects significantly more often (p = 0.003) than control patients. Counselor-reported outcomes concerning gastrointestinal side effects showed improvement in most of the patients taking part in systematic in- and outpatient nutritional counseling, except for weight loss in 4 patients.ConclusionIn- and outpatient counseling in discharge and side effects management and nutrition improve the outcomes of colorectal cancer patients. Outpatient counseling should be further developed and evaluated in future studies.
Dynamic parameter estimation and prediction over consecutive scales, based on moving horizon estimation: applied to an industrial cell culture seed train
Authors: Hernández Rodríguez Tanja , Posch Christoph , Pörtner Ralf , Frahm Björn 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBioprocess modeling has become a useful tool for prediction of the process future with the aim to deduce operating decisions (e.g. transfer or feeds). Due to variabilities, which often occur between and within batches, updating (re-estimation) of model parameters is required at certain time intervals (dynamic parameter estimation) to obtain reliable predictions. This can be challenging in the presence of low sampling frequencies (e.g. every 24 h), different consecutive scales and large measurement errors, as in the case of cell culture seed trains. This contribution presents an iterative learning workflow which generates and incorporates knowledge concerning cell growth during the process by using a moving horizon estimation (MHE) approach for updating of model parameters. This estimation technique is compared to a classical weighted least squares estimation (WLSE) approach in the context of model updating over three consecutive cultivation scales (40–2160 L) of an industrial cell culture seed train. Both techniques were investigated regarding robustness concerning the aforementioned challenges and the required amount of experimental data (estimation horizon). It is shown how the proposed MHE can deal with the aforementioned difficulties by the integration of prior knowledge, even if only data at two sampling points are available, outperforming the classical WLSE approach. This workflow allows to adequately integrate current process behavior into the model and can therefore be a suitable component of a digital twin.
A new variational approach for the thermodynamic topology optimization of hyperelastic structures
Authors: Junker Philipp , Balzani Daniel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe present a novel approach to topology optimization based on thermodynamic extremal principles. This approach comprises three advantages: (1) it is valid for arbitrary hyperelastic material formulations while avoiding artificial procedures that were necessary in our previous approaches for topology optimization based on thermodynamic principles; (2) the important constraints of bounded relative density and total structure volume are fulfilled analytically which simplifies the numerical implementation significantly; (3) it possesses a mathematical structure that allows for a variety of numerical procedures to solve the problem of topology optimization without distinct optimization routines. We present a detailed model derivation including the chosen numerical discretization and show the validity of the approach by simulating two boundary value problems with large deformations.
Elevated MUC5AC expression is associated with mismatch repair deficiency and proximal tumor location but not with cancer progression in colon cancer
Authors: Rico Sebastian Dwertmann , Höflmayer Doris , Büscheck Franziska , Dum David , Luebke Andreas M. , Kluth Martina , Hube-Magg Claudia , Hinsch Andrea , Möller-Koop Christina , Perez Daniel , Izbicki Jakob R. , Neipp Michael , Mofid Hamid , Lárusson Hannes , Daniels Thies , Isbert Christoph , Coerper Stephan , Ditterich Daniel , Rupprecht Holger , Goetz Albert , Fraune Christoph , Möller Katharina , Menz Anne , Bernreuther Christian , Clauditz Till S. , Sauter Guido , Uhlig Ria , Wilczak Waldemar , Simon Ronald , Steurer Stefan , Lebok Patrick , Burandt Eike , Krech Till , Marx Andreas H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is a secreted gel-forming mucin expressed by several epithelia. In the colon, MUC5AC is expressed in scattered normal epithelial cells but can be abundant in colorectal cancers. To clarify the relationship of MUC5AC expression with parameters of tumor aggressiveness and mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) in colorectal cancer, a tissue microarray containing 1812 colorectal cancers was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. MUC5AC expression was found in 261 (15.7%) of 1,667 analyzable colorectal cancers. MUC5AC expression strongly depended on the tumor location and gradually decreased from proximal (27.4% of cecum cancers) to distal (10.6% of rectal cancers; p < 0.0001). MUC5AC expression was also strongly linked to dMMR. dMMR was found in 21.3% of 169 cancers with MUC5AC positivity but in only 4.6% of 1051 cancers without detectable MUC5AC expression (p < 0.0001). A multivariate analysis showed that dMMR status and tumor localization predicted MUC5AC expression independently (p < 0.0001 each). MUC5AC expression was unrelated to pT and pN status. This also applied to the subgroups of 1136 proficient MMR (pMMR) and of 84 dMMR cancers. The results of our study show a strong association of MUC5AC expression with proximal and dMMR colorectal cancers. However, MUC5AC expression is unrelated to colon cancer aggressiveness.
Mehr Propagation als Lokalisation: Anfälle aus dem posterioren Kortex
Authors: Steinhoff Stephan , Jacobs Julia 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungEpilepsien mit einem Anfallsursprung aus dem Okzipital‑, Parietal- und posterioren Temporallappen werden häufig als Epilepsien des posterioren Kortex zusammengefasst. Gemeinsam haben diese Epilepsien, dass symptomatogene Zone und Anfallsursprung oft nicht oder nur teilweise überlappen. Anfälle aus dem posterioren Kortex können klinisch wie Temporal- oder Frontallappenanfälle imponieren. Diese Übersichtsarbeit diskutiert klinische Merkmale und typische Präsentationen dieser Epilepsien. Ein detailliertes Wissen über Netzwerkverbindung zwischen den okzipitalen und parietalen Strukturen und anderen Hirnregionen ist für eine erfolgreiche chirurgische Behandlung dieser Epilepsien unerlässlich.
Biometric technology in “no-gate border crossing solutions” under consideration of privacy, ethical, regulatory and social acceptance
Authors: Binder Susanne , Iannone Andrea , Leibner Chad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBiometric technologies have become the main focus in the design of state-of-the-art border security solutions. While respective research in the field of multimedia vision has been centred around improving quality and accuracy of identity recognition, the impact of such technologies upon society and legal regulations still remains a topic unaddressed, specifically within the engineering community. Research in technology can and in some respect must include collaboration with social sciences and social practice. Building on participation in the EU funded research project PERSONA [18] (Privacy, Ethical, Regulatory and SOcial No-gate crossing point solutions Acceptance), authors of this paper look at the challenges associated with biometrics-based solutions in no-gate border crossing point scenarios. This included the procedures needed for the assessment of their social, ethical, privacy and regulatory acceptance, particularly in view of the impact on both, the passengers and border control authorities as well as the potential pitfalls of biometric technology due to fraudulent activities. In consultation with the collaborating border control authorities, the paper reports on the formal assessment of biometric technologies for real-world acceptance to cope with the increasing demand of global travellers crossing state borders.
Electrochemical top-down synthesis of C-supported Pt nano-particles with controllable shape and size: Mechanistic insights and application
Authors: Garlyyev Batyr , Watzele Sebastian , Fichtner Johannes , Michalička Jan , Schökel Alexander , Senyshyn Anatoliy , Perego Andrea , Pan Dingjie , El-Sayed Hany A. , Macak Jan M. , Atanassov Plamen , Zenyuk Iryna V. , Bandarenka Aliaksandr S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this work, we demonstrate the power of a simple top-down electrochemical erosion approach to obtain Pt nanoparticle with controlled shapes and sizes (in the range from ~ 2 to ~ 10 nm). Carbon supported nanoparticles with narrow size distributions have been synthesized by applying an alternating voltage to macroscopic bulk platinum structures, such as disks or wires. Without using any surfactants, the size and shape of the particles can be changed by adjusting simple parameters such as the applied potential, frequency and electrolyte composition. For instance, application of a sinusoidal AC voltage with lower frequencies results in cubic nanoparticles; whereas higher frequencies lead to predominantly spherical nanoparticles. On the other hand, the amplitude of the sinusoidal signal was found to affect the particle size; the lower the amplitude of the applied AC signal, the smaller the resulting particle size. Pt/C catalysts prepared by this approach showed 0.76 A/mg mass activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction which is ~ 2 times higher than the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.42 A/mg) from Tanaka. In addition to this, we discussed the mechanistic insights about the nanoparticle formation pathways.