bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calixarene‐Functionalized Porous Carbon Aerogels for Polysulfide Capture: Cathodes for High Performance Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xingchi , Li Xueliang , Gao Wei , Ma Li , Fang Huagao , Shu Yizhen , Ye Jinjin , Ding Yunsheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA cage‐type composite was successfully prepared by attaching p‐sulfonatocalix[4]arene to a porous activated carbon aerogel (ACA). The resulting composite showed a high specific surface area of 1620.7 m2 g−1 and a high sulfur loading of 2.5 mg cm−2. The calixarene is uniformly dispersed on the carbon spheres and efficiently captures polysulfides by interaction with the sulfonate groups. Meanwhile, the cross‐linked porous structure of the composite restricts the migration of polysulfides. The cathode delivers an outstanding electrochemical performance with an initial capacity of 1304.7 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C. Furthermore, it displays excellent long‐term cycling stability, maintaining 884.7 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 0.5 C. Density functional theory (DFT) adsorption calculations support the strong interaction between the calixarenes and polysulfides and reveal the capture mechanism.
Selective Microwave‐Assisted Pyrolysis of Cellulose towards Levoglucosenone with Clay Catalysts
Authors: Doroshenko Alisa , Pylypenko Ihor , Heaton Karl , Cowling Stephen , Clark James , Budarin Vitaliy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLevoglucosenone (anhydrosugar) is one of the most promising chemical platforms derived from the pyrolysis of biomass. It is a chiral building block for pharmaceuticals as well as an intermediate in the production of solvents and polymers. Therefore, the development of cost‐efficient, low‐energy production methods is vital for a future sustainable biorefinery. Here, a novel, green approach to the production of levoglucosenone was developed by using a microwave (MW)‐assisted pyrolysis of cellulose in the presence of readily available clays. It was shown that natural and pillared clays in the presence of MW irradiation significantly increase the yield of levoglucosenone from cellulose. Both the water content and the presence of acid centres are critical characteristics that influence the yield and distribution of catalysed products. A unique experiment was designed by using a synergetic effect between different types of catalysts, which enhanced the levoglucosenone yield to 12.3 wt % with 63 % purity.
Immunological observations and transcriptomic analysis of trimester‐specific full‐term placentas from three Zika virus‐infected women
Authors: Lum Fok‐Moon , Narang Vipin , Hue Susan , Chen Jie , McGovern Naomi , Rajarethinam Ravisankar , Tan Jeslin JL , Amrun Siti Naqiah , Chan Yi‐Hao , Lee Cheryl YP , Chua Tze‐Kwang , Yee Wearn‐Xin , Yeo Nicholas KW , Tan Thiam‐Chye , Liu Xuan , Haldenby Sam , Leo Yee‐sin , Ginhoux Florent , Chan Jerry KY , Hiscox Julian , Chong Chia‐Yin , Ng Lisa FP 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesEffects of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection on placental development during pregnancy are unclear.MethodsFull‐term placentas from three women, each infected with ZIKV during specific pregnancy trimesters, were harvested for anatomic, immunologic and transcriptomic analysis.ResultsIn this study, each woman exhibited a unique immune response with raised IL‐1RA, IP‐10, EGF and RANTES expression and neutrophil numbers during the acute infection phase. Although ZIKV NS3 antigens co‐localised to placental Hofbauer cells, the placentas showed no anatomic defects. Transcriptomic analysis of samples from the placentas revealed that infection during trimester 1 caused a disparate cellular response centred on differential eIF2 signalling, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative phosphorylation. Despite these, the babies were delivered without any congenital anomalies.ConclusionThese findings should translate to improve clinical prenatal screening procedures for virus‐infected pregnant patients.
Impact of pre‐therapy glioblastoma multiforme microenvironment on clinical response to autologous CMV‐specific T‐cell therapy
Authors: Walker David G , Shakya Reshma , Morrison Beth , Neller Michelle A , Matthews Katherine K , Nicholls John , Smith Corey , Khanna Rajiv 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesClinical response to antibody‐based immunotherapies targeting checkpoint inhibitors is critically dependent on the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). However, the precise impact of the TIME on adoptive cellular immunotherapy remains unexplored. Here we have conducted a long‐term follow‐up analysis of patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) who were treated with autologous CMV‐specific T‐cell therapy to delineate the potential impact of the TIME on their clinical response.MethodsMultiplexed immunohistochemical analysis of CD3, PD‐L1 and Sox‐2 in GBM tissue biopsies obtained before autologous T‐cell therapy was carried out and correlated with long‐term survival of GBM patients adoptively treated with T‐cell therapy.ResultsTumor microenvironment analyses revealed that the pre‐treatment cellular composition of the tumor tissue may influence the subsequent response to adoptive T‐cell therapy. GBM patients who showed prolonged overall survival following T‐cell therapy had a significantly lower number of tumor‐infiltrating CD3+ T cells in recurrent tumors than that in patients with short‐term survival. Furthermore, long‐term surviving patients showed low or undetectable PD‐L1 expression in tumor cells in recurrent GBM biopsies.ConclusionWe hypothesise that lack of PD‐L1‐mediated immunosuppression in the TIME may allow efficient immune control following adoptive T‐cell therapy. Future studies combining anti‐PD‐L1 or genetically modified T cells with PD‐1 receptor knockdown could be considered to improve clinical responses in patients who have high PD‐L1 expression in their tumors.
Positive predictive value of CD200 positivity in the differential diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Sorigue Marc , Magnano Laura , Miljkovic Milos D. , Nieto‐Moragas Javier , Santos‐Gomez Mireia , Villamor Neus , Junca Jordi , Morales‐Indiano Cristian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe role of CD200 in the differential diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and classical mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is well established. Its role in the differential diagnosis of CLL and other lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) is less clear, in particular its positive predictive value (PPV).Materials and methodsWe conducted a systematic review of the use of CD200 in the differential diagnosis of CLL, MCL, and other predominantly leukemic, typically CD103‐negative LPD. With the results, we then derived a curve to determine the PPV based on the prevalence of the disorders included in the differential diagnosis.ResultsOf 43 publications screened, 27 were included in the systematic review (5,764 patients). The median CD200 positivity rate in all studies and the percentage of CD200‐positive (pooled) patients was 100% and 95% (3,061/3,208) in CLL, 4 and 8% (86/1112) in MCL and 56 and 62% (425/689) in other LPD.ConclusionCD200 is suboptimal for the differential diagnosis of CLL and disorders other than nodal MCL.
A novel analytical model for interference estimation in CR‐enabled femtocells
Authors: Singh S. Pratap , Kumar Amit , Mishra Saket , M Lakshmanan , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: November 2019

SummaryCommercial, multideployed cognitive femtocell base stations (CFBSs) with cognitive capabilities are envisioned as a promising approach to meet the requirement of the higher data rate in today's wireless communications with nomadic users. However, random deployment of CFBSs results in interference between primary links, ie, the link between a macrocell base station (MBS) and macrocell user equipment (MUE), and secondary links, ie, the link between a femtocell base station (FBS) and femtocell user equipment (FUE). In this research paper, different analytical expressions for statistical measures such as cumulative distribution function of outage probability (Fout) and probability distribution function (Pout) have been proposed for the CFBS system. The fading channel for the secondary and primary links is taken as mixture gamma (MG) and Rayleigh distribution, respectively. It should be noticed that MG fading is one of the most generic fading channels and has not been included for analysis of the CFBS system to date. In addition, this paper presents average detection probability () for cognitive radio (CR)–enabled femtocells or the CFBS system. The numerical analysis presents the effects of various parameters such as spatial density of CFBS nodes (λ), interference tolerance threshold (βth), and transmitting power of MBS (p) and fading parameters of the channel onFout,Pout, and. Also, the numerical analysis shows perfect agreement with the theoretical background.
Social‐based reputation‐aware data forwarding for improved multicast delivery in the presence of selfish nodes in DTNs
Authors: Roy Animesh , Acharya Tamaghna , Das Bit Sipra 
Published: November 2019

SummaryDelay/disruption tolerant networks (DTNs) are potentially applicable in the challenged scenarios like post‐disaster environments. In such networks, data forwarding generally relies on the mutual cooperation of the nodes. However, in reality, despite the availability of necessary resources for data forwarding, a node could misbehave by dropping messages received from other nodes with whom it has no strong social ties. Such a node is called a socially selfish node, which would cause a poor delivery ratio in the network. In this paper, we aim to address the problem of multicast data forwarding in the presence of such selfish nodes, by means of efficient relay selection in DTNs. First, we define a realistic reputation model, in contrast to existing models, to define the socially selfish/misbehaving nodes in the network. Further, a game‐theoretic analysis is carried out that implies data forwarding cost is also an influential parameter in handling selfishness/misbehavior. Subsequently, the problem is formulated as a constrained optimization problem, which is NP hard. Therefore, a heuristic is proposed by combining the reputation of a node and the cost of message forwarding to appropriately identify relay nodes, thus improve the performance of the multicast message delivery in the network. We utilize a social metric, centrality to minimize the message forwarding cost in terms of the number of relay nodes. Finally, the comparative performance evaluation in ONE simulator with practical scenarios shows the superiority of the proposed scheme over the other prominent schemes.
L6H9 attenuates LPS‐induced acute lung injury in rats through targeting MD2
Authors: Wu Peiliang , Yan Hanhan , Qi Jiayu , Jia Wenjing , Zhang Wentao , Yao Dan , Ding Cheng , Zhang Yali , Chen Mayun , Cai Xueding 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAcute lung injury (ALI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by respiratory failure and acute inflammatory response. Myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2) has been reported to play a pivotal role in the recognition of LPS and LPS‐mediates inflammatory response. There have been no clinically effective therapeutic drugs for ALI. L6H9, an inhibitor of MD2, showed anti‐inflammatory effects and cardiac protective activity. However, its effect on ALI has not been elucidated. In this study, intratracheal instillation of LPS was employed to induce ALI in rats. L6H9 pretreatment attenuates LPS‐induced pathological variations in lung tissue and pulmonary edema. LPS instillation enhanced lung microvascular permeability, thereby causing inflammatory cells flow into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). However, L6H9 inhibited the LPS‐induced upregulation of total protein concentration and the number of inflammatory cells in BALF. In the meantime, macrophages infiltration in lung tissue induced by LPS was also mitigated by L6H9 treatment. Furthermore, L6H9 suppressed LPS‐induced inflammatory cytokines expression in BALF, serum, and lung tissue. It is noteworthy that LPS‐induced MD2/TLR4 complex formation was inhibited by L6H9 in lung tissue. On the whole, these results show that L6H9 can attenuate LPS‐induced ALI in vivo by targeting MD2. Our study provide new candidate for the treatment of ALI.
Aza‐CGP37157‐lipoic hybrids designed as novel Nrf2‐inducers and antioxidants exert neuroprotection against oxidative stress and show neuroinflammation inhibitory properties
Authors: Michalska Patrycja , Tenti Giammarco , Satriani Michelle , Cores Angel , Ramos María Teresa , García Antonio G. , Menéndez José Carlos , León Rafael 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo multitarget hybrids, derived from an aza‐analogue of CGP37157, a mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger antagonist, and lipoic acid were designed in order to combine in a single molecule the antioxidant and Nrf2 induction properties of lipoic acid and the neuroprotective activity of CGP37157. The hybrid derivatives showed Nrf2 induction and radical scavenging properties, leading to a good neuroprotective profile against oxidative stress, together with an interesting antineuroinflammatory activity. The results obtained show differences in activity depending on the configuration of the chiral center of LA.
Testing the visual impedance effect in children with and without reading difficulties using a new visual reasoning task
Authors: Panagiotidou Elpida , Serrano Francisca , Moreno‐Ríos Sergio 
Published: November 2019

This study examined reasoning skills in children, specifically transitive reasoning and the visual impedance effect, with a new visual/pictorial task. The visual impedance effect is the effect produced by the possible interference in the reasoning process of irrelevant details elicited from the premises of a reasoning task. The new task had no reading requirements, which made it suitable for testing reasoning in primary school children, especially children with reading difficulties (RD), such as dyslexia. The study aimed also to validate the possible use of the task for studying reasoning and detecting the visual impedance effect without the interference of reading skills and to investigate the association between transitive reasoning and reading abilities. A pilot study (N = 10) was used to test the suitability of the new task for primary school children. Afterwards, the task was tested on a larger sample of children of third to sixth Grade, with and without RD (N = 84). Results showed that the new task is able to detect the main reasoning effects as well as the visual impedance effect. The findings are discussed, with the new task considered appropriate for studying reasoning skills in child populations both with and without RD.
Current ecology, not ancestral dispersal patterns, influences menopause symptom severity
Authors: Yang Yuping , Arnot Megan , Mace Ruth 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAll human females who reach midlife experience menopause, however, it is currently unclear why women experience this period of infertility, and why it is accompanied by many unpleasant symptoms. Using primary data from four ethnic groups in China, we test an existing theory that age of menopause and its symptoms are the result of intragenomic conflict between maternally and paternally inherited genes, with the outcome of such conflict predicted to be contingent on the ancestral postmarital residence pattern of the female (Úbeda, Ohtsuki, & Gardner, Ecology Letters, 17, 2014, 165). The model predicts that being ancestrally patrilocal results in less intragenomic conflict, causing a shorter, less symptomatic perimenopause that terminates in a later menopause. Our findings show no support for this hypothesis and suggest current, rather than ancestral, residence patterns better predict aspects of the menopausal transition. Furthermore, current patrilocality when compared to duolocality is associated with more severe menopause symptoms, which may be due to sexual, rather than intragenomic, conflict.Open Research Badges

This article has earned an Open Data Badge for making publicly available the digitally‐shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.27s8k0p.
A novel case of autogamy and cleistogamy in Dendrobium wangliangii: A rare orchid distributed in the dry‐hot valley
Authors: Wang Qiuxia , Shao Shicheng , Su Yuan , Hu Xueli , Shen Yong , Zhao Dake 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDendrobium wangliangii is an epiphytic orchid distributed in the Jinshajiang dry‐hot valley in Luquan County, Yunnan Province, China. Most Dendrobium spp. typically have a low fruit set, but this orchid shows a higher fruit set under natural conditions despite the lack of effective pollinators. The pollination biology of the critically endangered D. wangliangii was investigated in this study. A fruit set rate of 33.33 ± 4.71% was observed after bagging treatment in 2017 and a high fruit set rate (65.72 ± 4.44% in 2011; 50.79 ± 5.44% in 2017) was observed under natural conditions, indicating that D. wangliangii is characterized by spontaneous self‐pollination. The anther cap blocked the growing pollinium; thus, the pollinium slid down and reached the stigmatic cavity, leading to autogamous self‐pollination. Specifically, 51.50% of 162 unopened flowers (total 257 flowers) of this Dendrobium species under extreme water‐deficit conditions developed into fruits, suggesting the presence of cleistogamy in D. wangliangii. Here, cleistogamy may represent the primary mode of pollination for this orchid. Spontaneous self‐pollination and specific cleistogamous autogamy could represent major adaptions to the drought and pollinator‐scarce habitat in the Jinshajiang dry‐hot valley.
The impact of nitrogen deposition on photobiont‐mycobiont balance of epiphytic lichens in subtropical forests of central China
Authors: Wang Ming , Wang Chuanhua , Jia Raozhen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractExcessive nitrogen (N) deposition can impact lichen diversity in forest ecosystems, and this is a particular situation in China. Here, we examined the N uptake, assimilation, and the impact of excessive N deposition on the symbiotic balance of dominant epiphytic lichens in the subtropical forests in the Mts. Shennongjia of central China. The results show that lichen species took up, assimilated and utilized more ammonium than nitrate in a species‐specific way, following the increase of N availability. The photobiont of the lichens decreased with the increase of N concentration following an initial increase, while the mycobiont response to the N addition was not apparent. Considerable variation in response to excessive N deposition exists among the lichen species. Usnea longissima could regulate its N uptake, resulting in a stable photobiont‐mycobiont ratio among N treatments. In contrast, the photobiont‐mycobiont ratio of other four lichens increased initially but decreased when N concentration exceeded a certain level, and N stress may have broken the balance between photobiont and mycobiont of these lichens. Our results suggest that most epiphytic lichens in subtropical forest of central China could uptake and assimilate more ammonium than nitrate and that the balance between photobiont and mycobiont of many epiphytic lichens might change with the increasing N deposition load, which could impact the lichen diversity of this forest ecosystem.
Distinguishing Anuran species by high‐resolution melting analysis of the COI barcode (COI‐HRM)
Authors: Everman Steven , Wang Shiao Y. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTaxonomic identification can be difficult when two or more species appear morphologically similar. DNA barcoding based on the sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene (COI) is now widely used in identifying animal species. High‐resolution melting analysis (HRM) provides an alternative method for detecting sequence variations among amplicons without having to perform DNA sequencing. The purpose of this study was to determine whether HRM of the COI barcode can be used to distinguish animal species. Using anurans as a model, we found distinct COI melting profiles among three congeners of both Lithobates spp. and Hyla spp. Sequence variations within species shifted the melting temperature of one or more melting domains slightly but do not affect the distinctness of the melting profiles for each species. An NMDS ordination plot comparing melting peak profiles among eight Anuran species showed overlapping profiles for Lithobates sphenocephala and Gastrophryne carolinensis. The COI amplicon for both species contained two melting domains with melting temperatures that were similar between the two species. The two species belong to two different families, highlighting the fact that COI melting profiles do not reveal phylogenetic relationships but simply reflect DNA sequence differences among stretches of DNA within amplicons. This study suggests that high‐resolution melting analysis of COI barcodes (COI‐HRM) may be useful as a simple and rapid method to distinguish animal species that appear morphologically similar.
Development of a free viewpoint pedestrian recognition system using deep learning for multipurpose flying drone
Authors: Miyazato Takaya , Uehara Wakaki , Nagayama Itaru 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper describes the development of three‐dimensional (3D) human recognition system of flying drone system for emergency rescue and investigation. In this system, deep neural network and its application for 3D object recognition are key techniques for human detection from a free viewpoint. Some appearance based characteristics are captured as movie frames, and the system uses deep neural networks to automatically classify concerned object. The proposed system performs well that many kinds of views of personnel can be recognized from bird's eye view. Experimental results show that the system can effectively recognize human objects with high accuracy.
The potential to foster governance learning in the Baltic Sea Region: Network governance of the European Union Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region
Authors: Grönholm Sam , Jetoo Savitri 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Baltic Sea ecosystem is displaying symptoms of extreme stress from multiple sources. These complex and “wicked” problems require cooperation by actors for multidisciplinary pooling of knowledge to completely understand the problem and adaptively learn in order to develop appropriate policy strategies. Inherent in the design of the European Union Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (EUSBSR) is the promise to foster cooperation by key BSR network governance actors, connecting them to develop joint policy arrangements needed for governing the challenges of the Baltic Sea. The EUSBSR is the key knowledge broker in the region and has the capacity to augment BSR network governance of the Baltic Sea. Despite the importance of knowledge transmission and policy learning to the EUSBSR, there has been no formal study of it in the literature. This paper aims to make a theoretical contribution to the literature by evaluating the latent potential of the EUSBSR to foster policy learning across BSR governance networks. It does this through document analysis focussing on the interaction platforms of the EUSBSR that interconnects BSR governance networks across policy sectors.