bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsiveness of PROMIS® to change in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Yount Susan E. , Atwood Charles , Donohue James , Hays Ron D. , Irwin Debra , Leidy Nancy Kline , Liu Honghu , Spritzer Karen L. , DeWalt Darren A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive chronic disease characterized by airflow obstruction that leads to shortness of breath and substantial negative impacts on health-related quality of life (HRQL). The course of COPD includes periodic acute exacerbations that require changes in treatment and/or hospitalizations. This study was designed to examine the responsiveness of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®) measures to changes associated with COPD exacerbation recovery.

Methods
A longitudinal analysis using mixed-effects models was conducted of people who were enrolled while stable (n = 100) and those who experienced an acute exacerbation (n = 85). PROMIS (physical function, pain interference, pain behavior, fatigue, anxiety, depression, anger, social roles, discretionary social activities, Global Health, dyspnea severity and dyspnea functional limitations) and COPD-targeted HRQL measures were completed at baseline and at 12 weeks.

Results
We administered PROMIS measures using computer adaptive testing (CAT), followed by administration of any remaining short form (SF) items that had not yet been administered by CAT. Examination of the difference between group differences from baseline to 12 weeks in the stable and exacerbation groups revealed that the exacerbation group changed (improved) significantly more than the stable group in anxiety (p < .001 to p < .01; f2 effect size [ES] = 0.023/0.021), fatigue (p < .0001; ES = 0.036/0.047) and social roles (p < .001 to p < .05; ES = 0.035/0.024). All effect sizes were small in magnitude and smaller than hypothesized. Depression was also statistically significant (p < .05, SF only) but the ES was trivial. For all other PROMIS domains, the differences were not significant and ES were trivial.

Conclusions
This longitudinal study provides some support for the validity of the PROMIS fatigue, anxiety, and social roles domains in COPD, but further evaluation of responsiveness is warranted.
Confederation debt management since 1970
Authors: Guggenheim Basil , Meichle Mario , Nellen Thomas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis paper analyzes the Confederation’s debt management. The Confederation actively manages roll over and interest rate risk by increasing bond maturity with increasing marketable debt-to-GDP levels. It further engages in active but asymmetric, one-sided interest rate positioning; i.e., it uses mostly bonds to affect debt maturity and does so only when the interest rate environment is favorable to lock-in interest rates by issuing longer-term bonds. Debt management is mainly driven by marketable debt rather than total debt. Issuing behavior became more regular and demand-oriented during the early 1990s when marketable and total debt increased in tandem.
A review of the applications of fuel cells in microgrids: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Li Zhongliang , Zheng Zhixue , Xu Liangfei , Lu Xiaonan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Since the last two decades, microgrid, as one typical structure in smart grid framework, has been receiving increasing attention in the world. Meanwhile, fuel cell (FC), as one promising power source, has redrawn the attention of both academia and industry since the beginning of 21th century. Some encouraging achievements in FC technology have been realized thanks to the efforts taken in the last years. Due to this, it is seen that FC, as a clean and efficient energy source, is penetrating into different fields. Among the applications, integrating FCs into microgrids has shown interesting advantages on improving the performance of microgrids and promoting the use of the hydrogen energy. Some ongoing projects have shown that FCs of different power scales can be integrated into microgrids smartly and in different manners. Along with the advantages carried by the combination of the two technologies, many challenges lying on multiple domains are faced in the process. The challenges can be from the FC, the microgrid, and the integration of these two technologies. In this review paper, the advantages of integrating FCs into microgrids are summarized after recalling the knowledge background of FC. The challenges and ongoing researches on FCs and FCs based microgrids are then reviewed. Based on the analysis, the research directions are then extracted in view of the challenges.
Age-dependent changes of p53 and p63 immunoreactivities in the mouse hippocampus
Authors: Lee Tae-Kyeong , Park Young Eun , Park Cheol Woo , Kim Bora , Lee Jae-Chul , Park Joon Ha , Lee Hyang-Ah , Won Moo-Ho , Ahn Ji Hyeon 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
P53 and its family member p63 play important roles in cellular senescence and organismal aging. In this study, p53 and p63 immunoreactivity were examined in the hippocampus of young, adult and aged mice by using immunohistochemistry. In addition, neuronal distribution and degeneration was examined by NeuN immunohistochemistry and fluoro-Jade B fluorescence staining. Strong p53 immunoreactivity was mainly expressed in pyramidal and granule cells of the hippocampus in young mice. p53 immunoreactivity in the pyramidal and granule cells was significantly reduced in the adult mice. In the aged mice, p53 immunoreactivity in the pyramidal and granule cells was more significantly decreased. p63 immunoreactivity was strong in the pyramidal and granule cells in the young mice. p63 immunoreactivity in these cells was apparently and gradually decreased with age, showing that p63 immunoreactivity in the aged granule cells was hardly shown. However, numbers of pyramidal neurons and granule cells were not significantly decreased in the aged mice with normal aging. Taken together, this study indicates that there are no degenerative neurons in the hippocampus during normal aging, showing that p53 and p63 immunoreactivity in hippocampal neurons was progressively reduced during normal aging, which might be closely related to the normal aging processes.
Adverse childhood experiences research: commonalities with similar, arguably identical, literatures and the need for integration
Authors: Siddaway Andy P. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and their impact cannot be clearly distinguished from other distressing life experiences. Much can be therefore be learned by integrating ACEs research with similar, well-established literatures. Future research needs to explain individual differences in relationships between ACEs and particular variables and locate reliable and strong risk factors for ACEs themselves.
A luminal EF-hand mutation in STIM1 in mice causes the clinical hallmarks of tubular aggregate myopathy
Authors: Cordero-Sanchez Celia , Riva Beatrice , Reano Simone , Clemente Nausicaa , Zaggia Ivan , Ruffinatti Federico A. , Potenzieri Alberto , Pirali Tracey , Raffa Salvatore , Sangaletti Sabina , Colombo Mario P. , Bertoni Alessandra , Garibaldi Matteo , Filigheddu Nicoletta , Genazzani Armando A. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
STIM and ORAI proteins play a fundamental role in calcium signaling, allowing for calcium influx through the plasma membrane upon depletion of intracellular stores, in a process known as store-operated Ca2+ entry. Point mutations that lead to gain-of-function activity of either STIM1 or ORAI1 are responsible for a cluster of ultra-rare syndromes characterized by motor disturbances and platelet dysfunction. The prevalence of these disorders is at present unknown. In this study, we describe the generation and characterization of a knock-in mouse model (KI-STIM1I115F) that bears a clinically relevant mutation located in one of the two calcium-sensing EF-hand motifs of STIM1. The mouse colony is viable and fertile. Myotubes from these mice show an increased store-operated Ca2+ entry, as predicted. This most likely causes the dystrophic muscle phenotype observed, which worsens with age. Such histological features are not accompanied by a significant increase in creatine kinase. However, animals have significantly worse performance in rotarod and treadmill tests, showing increased susceptibility to fatigue, in analogy to the human disease. The mice also show increased bleeding time and thrombocytopenia, as well as an unexpected defect in the myeloid lineage and in natural killer cells. The present model, together with recently described models bearing the R304W mutation (located on the coiled-coil domain in the cytosolic side of STIM1), represents an ideal platform to characterize the disorder and test therapeutic strategies for patients with STIM1 mutations, currently without therapeutic solutions.
This article has an associated First Person interview with Celia Cordero-Sanchez, co-first author of the paper.
Counseling at all contacts for postpartum contraceptive use: can paper-based tools help community health workers improve continuity of care? A qualitative study from Ethiopia
Authors: Mossie Muluneh Yigzaw , Pfitzer Anne , Yusuf Yousra , Wondimu China , Bazant Eva , Bansal Vaiddehi , Mackenzie Devon , Sitrin Deborah , Pleah Tsigue 
Published: October 2019

Background: Globally, there has been a resurgence of interest in postpartum family planning (PPFP) to advance reproductive health outcomes. Few programs have systematically utilized all contacts a woman and her baby have with the health system, from pregnancy through the first year postpartum, to promote PPFP. Nested into a larger study covering two districts, this study assessed the use, acceptability, and feasibility of tools for tracking women’s decision-making and use of PPFP in the community health system in Oromia region, Ethiopia. Community-level tracking tools included a modified Integrated Maternal and Child Health (IMCH) card with new PPFP content, and a newly developed tool for pregnant and postpartum women for use by Women Development Armies (WDAs). Proper completion of the tools was monitored during supervision visits. Methods: In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with health officials, health extension workers, and volunteers. A total of 34 audio-files were transcribed and translated into English, double-coded using MAXQDA, and analyzed using a thematic approach. Results: The results describe how HEWs used the modified IMCH card to track women’s decision making through the continuum of care, to assess pregnancy risk and to strengthen client-provider interaction. Supervision data demonstrated how well HEWs completed the modified IMCH card. The WDA tool was intended to promote PPFP and encourage multiple contacts with facilities from pregnancy to extended postpartum period. HEWs have reservations about the engagement of WDAs and their use of the WDA tool. Conclusions: To conclude, the IMCH card improves counseling practices through the continuum of care and is acceptable and feasible to apply. Some elements have been incorporated into a revised national tool and can serve as example for other low-income countries with similar community health systems. Further study is warranted to determine how to engage WDAs in promoting PPFP.
Pesticide Poisoning as a Pediatric Emergency
Authors: Darmansjah I. 
Published: October 2019

There are branches in medicine where knowledge of the average physician is deficient, such as in pollutional problems, industrial medicine and diseases caused by agricultural chemicals. Many of these involve the toxicology of substances rarely met with in medical practice.
A multidisciplinary agro-medical and industria-medical approach is essential to understand the management including precautionary and legislative measures that have to be taken. This will involve not only medical personnel but also engineers, chemists, agronomists, ecologists and many others.
Poisoning with agricultural chemicals most often involve O.C. and O.P. compounds. In adults these cases have been typified by self-poisonings and through neglect of safety measures prescribed by the factory. In children poisonings almost always have been associated with accidents. Here the most important factor is also negligence of parents to keep away dangerous pesticides from the reach of children.
There are quite a few potent anti dotes available in pesticide-poisoning, notably atropine for D.P.'s and carbamates, vitamin K for warfarin, and dimercaprol for arsenics. There are also chemicals like paraquat and pentachlorophenol for which no antidote is available and they present great problems in treatment.
Levocardia With Situs Inversus Atria (Case Report)
Authors: Madiyono Bambang , Pulungan Irawati , Pelupessy P. M. C. , Affandi Maemunah 
Published: October 2019

Three cases of Levocardia and situs inversus atria were reported.
The clinical diagnosis of the first two cases were based on clinical signs and laboratory findings which were confirmed by Electrocardiography, Chest Xray, heart catheterization and angiography.
The third case died before further investigations could be done.
Classification, management and prognosis were also discussed.
Congestive Heart Failure in Diphtheric Myocarditis
Authors: Prasodo A. M. , Narendra M. , Joernil A. , Wahjoenarso Wahjoenarso , Kaspan F. 
Published: October 2019

The picture of congestive heart failure in diphtheric myocarditis was mainly determined by poor general condition, hepatic enlargement + epigastric pain, dyspnea. Basal rales and peripheral edema were not observed. Cardiomegaly on X-ray examination supported the diagnosis.
Congestive heart failure as a complication of diphtheric myocarditis occurred in 31.2% - 52% of cases with severe ECG changes and only in 5% of cases with ST depression or T wave changes.
Of 29 cases with congestive heart failure only 3 survived. Apparently good results of digitalis treatment were obtained when only gallop rhythm, as an early sign of heart failure, was found.
Extensive myocardial damage by diphtheria toxin may explain why no beneficial effect of digitalis treatment was obtained. Prophylactic digitalization before signs of congestive heart failure appeared, as suggested by several authors; was not performed in this study.
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (P.D.A.) (An analysis of 37 surgically proved cases)
Authors: Rachman O. J. , Hanafiah A. , Ranti I. S. F. 
Published: October 2019

An analysis of the clinical picture on 37 cases of patent ductus arteriosus proved by operation is presented, including the chest X-ray and electrocardiographic findings.
In 13 cases preoperative hemodynamic studies were necessary to establish the diagnosis, although in most of the cases it could be based on clinical findings only.
During the years 1968 to 1973, 37 patients were operated upon for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) at the Cardiologic Center, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Medical School University of Indonesia, Jakarta.
This paper is meant to analyze the clinical picture and in some instances, the hemodynamic findings of those 37 patients.
Family size and marital age
Authors: Siregar Helena , Lubis Azwin , Nasution M. Arif , Nasution Indra Kesuma , Tanjung Thamrin 
Published: October 2019

A cross sectional study about the relationships between family size and marital age and the impact of educatimt, occupation and family planning programme was conducted in the region of South Tapanuli North Sumatera. The study was performed on 246 married couples by simple random sampling of households in the villages Pakantea, Tamiang, Muarasoro and Sumuran, during the period of September 25 up to October 3, 1982.
The eariiest age of marriage for women was 14 years, ancl the latest 20 years. Most of the women (68%) married at 15-20 year. The main education of responders were primary school (67%). The occupational status was mostly (90%) farmer. The mean family size under 20 years old was 6.3 and over 20 years, 5.3.
Fertility rate under 20 years was still high. Family Planning was not yet widely accepted in this area.
Malnourished children: A study of parents' status
Authors: Lubis Helmi , Sinaga Jaminsen , Karo-karo Mansur , Saat Rahayu , Tarigan Sjarikat 
Published: October 2019

A retrospective study had been done on the parents of hospitalized malnourished children from January 1981 until December 1982 at the Department of Child Health Dr. Pirngadi Hm;pital, Medan, Indonesia, as to their occupation, educational level, family size and the subsequential number of the affected child in the families. Diagnosis of malnutrition was based on the inadequate body weight according to age.
There were 759 malnourished children, with peak incidence in the age group of 1-5 years (49.94%) followed by the age group of 0-1 years (37.94%). The affected child was mostly the first child (21. 62%) in a family with 2 children.
Most of the parents (50.32%) have no regular job. The educational level of the fathers and mothers were mostly elementary school, respectively 32.8% and 50.46%.
In conclusion, most of the parents had low education and unstable income.
Oral Rehydration Therapy in Young Infants less than 3 Months with Acute Diarrhoea and Modeate Dehydration
Authors: Sunoto Sunoto , Suharyono Suharyono , Budiarso Aswitha D. , Wiharta Adnan S. 
Published: October 2019

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) as an appropriate technology in the treatment of acute diarrhoeal diseases (ADD) has been accepted throughout the world. It has been proved that besides lifesaving, ORT has reduced about 70-80% of the use of intravenous solution and average cost of the treatment of ADD. If there is still problem, question or doubtfulness, is the use of WHO ORS in full concentration for the neonates and young infants less than 3 months of age.
During one-year period it has been treated 72 cases of ADD in young infants less than 3 months of age with moderate dehydration. They were divided into 3 groups. The first group was treated with 100 mil kg bw of fluid consisting oftwothirds as WHO ORS in full concentration for 4 hours period and the rest, one-third, was given as plain water for 2 hours period. The second group was treated with kristalyte with the Na concentration of 51 mEq/L and the third group was treated with intravenous Ringer's lactate for 6 hours period.
After the end of the study only 18 patients in each group could be matched and evaluated. From clinical observation and laboratory examinations, the result of the treatment in general, statistically shows no significant difference. Diarrhoea and vomiting stopped in all groups on the second day of treatment. Hyponatremia which occurred in 3 patients in Group I and 2 patients each in Group II and III improved after 6 hours of treatment. Acidosis was corrected in all of the treatment groups in 6 hours period. Weight gain up to 6-9% of body weight on admission was achieved after 6 hours of treatment in all groups. No complication of hypernatremia, convulsion nor hypoglycaemia in all the treatment group.
From this study it could be concluded that WHO ORS is quite safe and effective as ORS with low sodium concentration and intravenous treatment, as far as it is given slowly, little by little with a strict supervision.
Infant feeding: a selective review and research needs
Authors: Kusin J. A. 
Published: October 2019

Growth faltering starting in infancy can be considered the onset of malnutrition. Infant feeding practices as well as a high prevalence of infectious diseases are causal in this process. While general recommendations on infant feeding are useful as guidelines, it is futile to attempt univorm recommendations as good feeding practices are bound to differ by community.
It is felt that the biomedical and social science discipline should investigate the factors influencing infant feeding as well as the consequences of habitual practices on infant health and survival.
Psikodrama untuk Meningkatkan Empati Siswa di Sekolah Inklusif
Authors: Cahyani Niki 
Published: October 2019

In an inclusive education setting, students with disabilities often become victims of bullying due to a lack of regular students’ empathy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of psychodrama in increasing the empathy of regular students towards students with disabilities in inclusive schools. The study was conducted using an experimental method with one group model pre and post-test design. Sampling was done by purposive sampling technique, with the number of subjects 15 regular students in SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Malang. Data collection was done by interview and empathy scale survey. The data obtained were then analyzed using paired sample t-tests (p = 0.000, N = 15, t = -9.439). The research concludes that psychodrama can increase the empathy of regular students towards disabled students in inclusive schools of Muhammadiyah 2 Malang Junior High School.[Dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan inklusif, siswa difabel sering menjadi korban perundungan (bullying) karena kurangnya empati siswa reguler. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas psikodrama dalam meningkatkan empati siswa reguler terhadap siswa difabel di sekolah inklusif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan model one group pre and post test design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling, dengan jumlah subyek 15 siswa reguler di SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Malang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan survei skala empati. Data yang diperoleh lalu dianalisis dengan menggunakan paired sample t test (p= 0.000, N= 15, t= -9.439). Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa psikodrama dapat meningkatkan empati siswa reguler terhadap siswa difabel di sekolah inklusif SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Malang]
Endogenous Equity Shares in Cournot Competition: Welfare Analysis and Policy
Authors: Kanjilal Kiriti , Muñoz-García Félix 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We consider a duopoly in which firms can strategically choose equity shares on their rival’s profits before competing in quantities. We identify equilibrium equity shares, and subsequently compare them against the optimal equity shares that maximize social welfare. Most previous studies assume that equity shares are exogenous, and those allowing for endogenous shares do not evaluate if equilibrium shares are socially excessive or insufficient. Our results also help us identify taxes on equity acquisition that induce firms to produce a socially optimal output without the need to directly tax output levels.
Enhanced Dynamic Set-point Weighting Design for Two-Input-Two-Output (TITO) Unstable Processes
Authors: Dasari Purushottama Rao , Rao A. Seshagiri 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Control of unstable systems with time delays usually result in overshoots in the closed loop responses. The intricacy involved in multivariable unstable processes further makes the problem more challenging. In industry, set-point weighting is one of the recommended methods to minimize the overshoot. However, design of the set-point weighting parameters determines the percentage of minimization of the overshoot. In this paper, a method is proposed to design the set-point weighting parameters for unstable multivariable processes which is relatively simple and also reduces the overshoot. Weighting is considered for both proportional (β) and derivative (γ) terms in the PID control law. In the closed loop relation for set-point tracking, the coefficients of ‘s’ and ‘s3’ both in the numerator and denominator are made equal in order to find dynamically β and γ. The obtained expressions for β and γ are simple and dynamically depends on the controller parameters and are applied to TITO systems in present work. Decouplers are used in TITO systems mainly to reduce the interaction between the loops so that they can be viewed as independent loops. Decoupler design suggested by (Hazarika and Chidambaram [1] has been used in this work and two TITO unstable processes with time delays are illustrated here. Comparison with the reported methods available in literature verifies that the proposed method gives improved closed loop performance.