bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping neural dynamics underlying saccade preparation and execution and their relation to reaction time and direction errors
Authors: Bells Sonya , Isabella Silvia L. , Brien Donald C. , Coe Brian C. , Munoz Douglas P. , Mabbott Donald J. , Cheyne Douglas O. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOur ability to control and inhibit automatic behaviors is crucial for negotiating complex environments, all of which require rapid communication between sensory, motor, and cognitive networks. Here, we measured neuromagnetic brain activity to investigate the neural timing of cortical areas needed for inhibitory control, while 14 healthy young adults performed an interleaved prosaccade (look at a peripheral visual stimulus) and antisaccade (look away from stimulus) task. Analysis of how neural activity relates to saccade reaction time (SRT) and occurrence of direction errors (look at stimulus on antisaccade trials) provides insight into inhibitory control. Neuromagnetic source activity was used to extract stimulus‐aligned and saccade‐aligned activity to examine temporal differences between prosaccade and antisaccade trials in brain regions associated with saccade control. For stimulus‐aligned antisaccade trials, a longer SRT was associated with delayed onset of neural activity within the ipsilateral parietal eye field (PEF) and bilateral frontal eye field (FEF). Saccade‐aligned activity demonstrated peak activation 10ms before saccade‐onset within the contralateral PEF for prosaccade trials and within the bilateral FEF for antisaccade trials. In addition, failure to inhibit prosaccades on anti‐saccade trials was associated with increased activity prior to saccade onset within the FEF contralateral to the peripheral stimulus. This work on dynamic activity adds to our knowledge that direction errors were due, at least in part, to a failure to inhibit automatic prosaccades. These findings provide novel evidence in humans regarding the temporal dynamics within oculomotor areas needed for saccade programming and the role frontal brain regions have on top‐down inhibitory control.
Numerical study of heat transfer and friction factor in a tube with groove and rib on the wall
Authors: Hajabdollahi Hassan , Salarmofrad Masoud , Shamsi Sajjad , Rezaeian Mohsen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHeat transfer and friction factor in a tube with turbulator internally grooved and rib are studied using numerical simulation. Two different turbulator geometries, including only groove and both groove and rib, on the tube wall are investigated. The study is developed for different parameters of turbulator including pitch ratio (PR), groove and rib height (DR), and Reynolds number in the range of 10 000 to 38 000. The results revealed that the best Nusselt number is achieved for GR turbulator and for the tube wall with PR = 2 and DR = 1. Furthermore, for a specific turbulator parameter, Nusselt number is improved by 46% compared with the experimental result. The results show that the friction factor decreases by increase of both step and height ratios. For example, based on Reynolds number, 21% to 69% reduction in the friction factor was observed for PR = 7 and DR = 3. In addition, the correlations for Nusselt number and friction factor with acceptable deviation are presented for the studied turbulators. Finally, thermal performance enhancement factor is defined to be a good criterion for selection of the optimum turbulator and their parameters.
Visualization photofragmentation‐induced rhodamine B release from gold nanorod delivery system by combination two‐photon luminescence imaging with correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Dong Shiqing , Chen Xiuqin , Yang Hongqin , Tang Xiaoqiong , Chen Jianling , Lin Xiu , Peng Yiru 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPlasmon‐enhanced gold nanorod (AuNR) with high photothermal conversion efficiency is a promising light‐controllable nanodrug delivery system for cancer therapy. Understanding the mechanism for the light‐controllable drug release of AuNR delivery systems is important for the development of nanomedicine. In this study, the rhodamine B (RB) released from AuNR‐RB nanodelivery system was quantitated and visualized by using two‐photon luminescence (TPL) imaging combined with correlation spectroscopy. The photofragmentation of AuNR induced by femtosecond pulsed laser was revealed by TPL correlation spectroscopy when the laser energy was above the thermal damage threshold of AuNR, and the RB released from this nanodrug delivery system was visualized by TPL imaging. Furthermore, the photofragmentation‐induced release of RB from AuNR‐RB nanodelivery system was visualized in living MCF‐7 breast cancer cells by TPL imaging combined with correlation spectroscopy. These results provided a novel optical approach to quantify the release of drugs from gold nanocarriers in complex biological media.
Galectin‐3 and risk of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gong Mengqi , Cheung Angel , Wang Qun‐Shan , Li Guangping , Goudis Christos A. , Bazoukis George , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Baranchuk Adrian , Korantzopoulos Panagiotis , Letsas Konstantinos P. , Tse Gary , Liu Tong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundGalectin‐3 is an inflammatory marker that is raised in myocardial fibrosis and inflammation. Recent studies have explored its role in predicting atrial fibrillation (AF) outcomes. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis is to examine the association between serum concentration of galectin‐3 and AF.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database were searched. A total of 280 studies were identified, of which 28 studies involving 10 830 patients were included in our meta‐analysis.ResultsGalectin‐3 is present at higher concentrations in patients with AF than those in sinus rhythm (mean difference [MD] = −0.68 ng/mL, 95% CI: −0.92, −0.44, Z = 5.61, P < .00001). Galectin‐3 levels were significantly higher in the persistent AF than in the paroxysmal AF group (MD = −0.94 ng/mL, 95% CI: −1.85, −0.03, Z = 2.04, P = .04). Higher galectin‐3 levels were associated with a 45% increase in the odds of developing AF (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.83, Z = 3.11, P = .002) and risk of AF recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] =1.17, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.29, Z = 3.12, P = .002).ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis found that galectin‐3 is significantly higher in patients with persistent AF than in those with paroxysmal AF, and can predict both AF development and recurrence after treatment.
Efficient aqueous As(III) removal by adsorption on thiol‐functionalized mesoporous silica
Authors: Arencibia Amaya , López‐Gutiérrez María S , Arsuaga Jesús M 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDArsenic pollution of water supplies is a global problem of environmental concern. Among inorganic species, trivalent arsenite, As(III), is the most toxic and difficult to remove. Conventional treatments usually involve the pre‐oxidation to pentavalent arsenic, As(V); however, this study is focused on the direct removal of aqueous arsenite species by selective adsorption.RESULTSSulfur‐containing adsorbents were prepared from mesostructured SBA‐15 silica by functionalization with propylthiol chains. The sulfur content of the synthetized materials, denoted as SBA‐15‐SH‐x, reached 4 mmol g−1. Kinetics and equilibrium batch experiments showed that all materials were excellent As(III) adsorbents, with maximum capacity as high as 0.46 mmol g−1, superior to literature values for comparable materials. The pH influence was significant and the best performance occurred at pH 8. A complementary pelletized material was designed and synthetized to explore the potential use of the adsorbents in the treatment of water streams polluted with arsenic through fixed‐bed column experiments. The breakthrough curves obtained in different operative conditions evidenced the viability of the process.CONCLUSIONSSBA‐15‐SH‐x materials evaluated in this work exhibited very good performance for aqueous As(III) removal by direct adsorption without previous oxidation to As(V). The suitability of the materials was demonstrated through kinetics, equilibrium, and fixed‐bed column adsorption experiments. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Re: Does Gadoterate Meglumine Cause Gadolinium Retention in the Brain of Children? A Case–Control Study
Authors: Forget Joachim , Pozeg Polona , Meuli Reto A. , Maeder Philippe 
Published: January 2020

Level of Evidence: 5Technical Efficacy: Stage 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:636–637.
Development of supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method for characterization of a nonionic surfactant and comparison with liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method
Authors: Pan Jinheng , Tang Yan , Shen Zhengchao , Du Zhenxia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (SFC‐MS) method and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) method were developed for the separation and characterization of poly (ethylene oxide) methyl glucose sesquistearate (PEO‐Glu‐sesquistearate). The products of PEO‐Glu‐sesquistearate are composed of complex oligomers. The relationship between molecular structure of these oligomers and chromatographic retention behavior in both SFC and LC were discussed and compared. As compared with LC, hydrophobic moieties of compounds favor the fast elution in SFC. The different series can be better separated by LC, while the homologues compounds in same series can be better separated by SFC, and SFC‐MS provided more comprehensive structural information. Different series such as PEO‐distearate, PEO‐stearate, PEO, PEO‐Glu‐tetrastearate, PEO‐Glu‐tristearate, PEO‐Glu‐distearate, PEO‐Glu‐stearate, and PEO‐Glu were identified by MS/MS.
Eicosapentaenoic acid‐enriched phospholipids suppressed lipid accumulation by specific inhibition of lipid droplet‐associated protein FSP27 in mice
Authors: Zhang Lingyu , Ding Lin , Shi Haohao , Wang Chengcheng , Xue Changhu , Zhang Tiantian , Wang Yuming 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDSea cucumber is a rich source of eicosapentaenoic acid in the form of eicosapentaenoic acid‐enriched phospholipids (EPA‐PL). It is known to be efficacious in preventing obesity. However, few studies have focused on the role of EPA‐PL in inhibiting lipid accumulation by lipid droplets (LDs). This study first investigated the effect of EPA‐PL from sea cucumber on the formation of LDs and the underlying mechanism in C57BL/6J mice. The mice were randomly divided into two groups and treated for 8 weeks or 3, 7, and 14 days with either (i) a high‐sucrose diet (model group), (ii) a high‐sucrose diet plus 2% EPA‐PL (EPA‐PL group).RESULTSEight‐week EPA‐PL supplementation significantly reduced lipid accumulation and LD size in liver and white adipose tissue (WAT), which was accompanied by the decreased expression of LDs‐associated protein FSP27. A 3‐day EPA‐PL treatment suppressed the mRNA expression of Fsp27. The mRNA level of Fsp27 reached its ‘normal level’ after withdrawing EPA‐PL for 7 days, suggesting that EPA‐PL might serve as a rapid regulator of FSP27. Furthermore, EPA‐PL increased the expression of lipolysis genes Hsl and Atgl accompanied by the regulation of Pparγ in WAT.CONCLUSIONSDietary EPA‐PL from sea cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa) protected against lipid accumulation by regulating LDs‐associated protein FSP27, which might provide novel evidence for the anti‐obesity action of EPA‐PL. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
TWEAK and TSLP in disc degeneration and spontaneous hernia resorption
Authors: Ohba Tetsuro , Haro Hirotaka 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSpontaneous degeneration of an intervertebral disc is caused by inflammation that accompanies exposure of the avascular nucleus pulposus to circulation, triggering an autoimmune inflammatory reaction. Both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of IVD regulation by various cytokines are involved in disc degeneration and spontaneous hernia resorption through inflammatory responses. The major goal of this narrative review was to assemble our past findings about the potential role of cytokines in disc diseases and to clarify directions for future research. A member of the tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) superfamily, TNF‐like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is constitutively expressed in the intervertebral disc, and induces a chronic, but relatively weak inflammatory response, thereby suppressing the formation of cartilage matrix and inducing production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Previously we indicated that TWEAK is involved in intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting the production of cartilage matrix in the intervertebral disc, and inducing the further expression of MMP‐3. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is expressed primarily by epithelial cells, and induces inflammation at the time of tolerance failure in allergic disease. We found TSLP induced migration of immunocompetent cells to the disc in intervertebral disc disease by promoting the production of monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and macrophage inflammatory protein‐1 alpha (MIP‐1α) by the intervertebral disc and these cells may be involved in the resorption of herniated disc tissue. Considering the pivotal role of TWEAK and TSLP we review our current understanding of these factors and their involvement in disc degeneration.
Extraction and determination of flavonoids in fruit juices and vegetables using Fe3O4/SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles modified with mixed hemi/ad‐micelle cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Sani Tahereh Harsij , Hadjmohammadi Mohammadreza , Fatemi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2020

AbstractExtraction and determination of three flavonoids (morin, quercetin, and kaempferol) were performed by dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction based on mixed hemi/ad‐micelles and high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The Fe3O4/SiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, FTIR, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Fe3O4/SiO2 nanoparticles coated with mixed hemi/ad‐micelles cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide was applied as a sorbent and used for extraction of flavonoids. Effective parameters on the extraction recovery such as amount of magnetic nano particles, volume of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide solution with specific concentration, pH of sample solution, adsorption equilibrium time, volume of desorption solvent, and desorption times were evaluated and optimized using fractional factorial design and central composite design. Under the optimum condition limit of detection and linearity were 0.83, 2.7–500.0 for morin, 0.18, 0.7–500.0 for quercetin and, 0.37, 1.3–500.0 µg/L for kaempferol. The extraction recovery with relative standard deviation were 97.88, 1.94 for morin, 95.77, 0.80 for quercetin, and 93.35, 1.45 for kaempferol. The proposed method was applied for simultaneous extraction and determination of flavonoids in several fruit juices and vegetable samples.
Optimization of extraction of total trans‐resveratrol from peanut seeds and its determination by HPLC
Authors: Xu Siliang , Luo Huaiyong , Chen Haiwen , Guo Jianbin , Yu Bolun , Zhang Huan , Li Weitao , Chen Weigang , Zhou Xiaojin , Huang Li , Liu Nian , Lei Yong , Liao Boshou , Jiang Huifang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractResveratrol, a stilbene phytoalexin in plants, is believed to benefit human health. In this study, an optimized enzyme‐assisted method was developed to extract the total content of trans‐resveratrol (free or combined with glucose) in peanut seeds, followed by detection using high‐performance liquid chromatography. The extraction process was optimized by Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology. The optimized enzyme concentration, digestion time, pH, and temperature were 3.02 g/L, 57.06 min, 5.88, and 51.05°C, respectively. Validation tests indicated that the experimental yield of trans‐resveratrol was 0.183 ± 0.007 µg/g with a relative standard deviation of 3.87% (n = 5) under the optimal condition, which was closely agreed with the predicted value (0.182 µg/g). The recoveries obtained from the spiked samples were varied from 89.4 to 103.9%. Therefore, this study will provide a useful method for quantification of total trans‐resveratrol in peanut seeds.
Modification effect of sex and obesity on the correlation of LEP polymorphisms with leptin levels in Taiwanese obese women
Authors: Duan De‐Min , Jhang Jing‐Yi , Wu Semon , Teng Ming‐Sheng , Hsu Lung‐An , Ko Yu‐Lin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundObesity has become the main health issue in developed countries as it impacts life expectancy and increases mortality of cerebrovascular or cardiovascular diseases. The leptin is one of the adipokines which presents in the serum in proportion to the amount of adipose tissue and is translated from LEP gene. It involves in energy homeostasis, lipid and glucose metabolisms, modulation of immune systems, and thermogenesis. Many previous studies have revealed controversial results between LEP polymorphisms and leptin levels in different ages and ethnicities. Herein, we investigated the impacts of LEP polymorphism against leptin levels in Taiwanese subjects.MethodsIn 599 Taiwanese subjects, excluding clinically overt systemic disease, age below 18 years old, and C‐reactive protein (CRP) level of above 10 mg/L, few of LEP polymorphisms were genotyped with TaqMan SNP genotyping assays, were further analyzed for association with leptin level in univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses with Bonferroni correction for multiple tests in stratified groups. The univariate and stepwise multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to determine the coefficient of determinant of LEP polymorphisms over leptin level.ResultsSignificant associations were found between LEP polymorphisms and leptin levels in obese women. Circulating leptin level was positively correlated with inflammatory, insulin resistance markers, and visceral obesity markers in all subjects. Furthermore, stratified and interaction analyses revealed that LEP polymorphisms, rs7799039 and rs2167270, were significantly associated with leptin levels in obese women—8%–10% of which could be explained by LEP polymorphisms.ConclusionThe LEP polymorphisms are independently associated with leptin levels in Taiwanese obese women. Further, the genetic determinants for leptin levels may be different between obese and nonobese, and in different sex individuals. The obesity status and female sex may exert modification effect on transcription of LEP, particularly in obese women.
The method of approximate particular solutions to simulate an anomalous mobile‐immobile transport process
Authors: Roohani Ghehsareh Hadi , Zaghian Ali , Majlesi Ahmad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the current work, a generalized mathematical model based on the Coimbra time fractional derivative of variable order, which describes an anomalous mobile‐immobile transport process in complex systems is investigated numerically. A robust numerical technique based on the meshfree strong form method combined with an efficient time‐stepping scheme is performed to compute the approximate solution of the problem with high accuracy. For this purpose, firstly, an effective implicit time discretization approach is used for discretizing the variable‐order time fractional problem in the time direction. Then a global meshless technique based on the method of approximate particular solutions is performed to fully discretize the model in the spatial domain. The validity and performance of the procedure to numerically simulate the proposed generalized solute transport model on regular and irregular domains are demonstrated through some numerical examples.
High‐order dual‐parametric finite element methods for cavitation computation in nonlinear elasticity
Authors: Huang Weijie , Ma Weijun , Wei Liang , Li Zhiping 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we present the numerical analysis on high order dual parametric finite element methods for the cavitation computation problems in nonlinear elasticity, which leads to a meshing strategy assuring high efficiency on numerical approximations to cavity deformations. Furthermore, to cope with the high order approximation of the finite element methods, properly chosen weighted Gaussian type numerical quadrature is applied to the singular part of the elastic energy. Our numerical experiments show that the high order dual parametric finite element methods work well when coupled with properly designed weighted Gaussian type numerical quadratures for the singular part of the elastic energy, and the convergence rates of the numerical cavity solutions are shown to be significantly improved as expected.
Direct synthesis of fixed‐order multi‐objective controllers
Authors: Abdolahi Abdollah , Babazadeh Maryam , Nobakhti Amin 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThis paper introduces a new methodology for the design of fixed‐order multi‐objective output feedback controllers. The problem comprises a set of linear matrix inequalities and an additional rank constraint. The primary idea is to classify convex subsets of the set of rank constrained matrices in such formulations, based on which two noniterative and relatively fast methods are developed. The proposed methods require solving a convex optimization problem at each step and can be applied with any weighted summation of design objectives such as performance, performance, passivity, and regional pole assignment. Several benchmark systems with performance criteria including H∞, mixed H2/H∞, and pole placement are used to demonstrate a marked improvement in comparison to the existing methods.
Consistency evaluation between dispensing granule and traditional decoction from Coptidis Rhizoma by using an integrated quality‐based strategy
Authors: Zhang Cheng‐Yu , Li Xin‐Xin , Li Ping , Jiang Yan , Li Hui‐Jun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionDispensing granule, an innovative product of traditional Chinese medicine decoction, is widely practiced in clinic. As a prerequisite to support the clinical medication, quality consistency between dispensing granule and traditional decoction need to be evaluated. Furthermore, a generally applicable strategy for consistency evaluation of dispensing granule is needed.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to propose an integrated quality‐based strategy to assess consistency between dispensing granule and traditional decoction taking Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) as a case study.MethodologyFor chemical consistency evaluation, efficacy‐related Coptis alkaloids were quantified with high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The “Mean ± 3SD” of analyte contents in traditional decoction was considered as the criterion of consistency. And, as auxiliary analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) was employed for data visualisation. For biological consistency evaluation, two one‐side t‐tests and 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratio of antibacterial zone diameter and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of α‐glucosidase inhibition were calculated. The scope of 80.00% to 125.00% was taken as in vitro bioequivalence interval. It was considered internally consistent with traditional decoction when the chemical and biological indices of dispensing granule fulfilled the preset criteria simultaneously.ResultsEight out of 20 batches of CR dispensing granule were demonstrated consistent with traditional decoction in chemistry and biological activities.ConclusionsA generally applicable strategy was recommended that integrates chemical and biological characteristics for consistency evaluation of dispensing granule.