bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histological properties of oscillating intracardiac masses associated with cardiac implantable electric devices
Authors: Miyagi Yasuo , Kawase Yasuhiro , Kunugi Shinobu , Oomori Hiroya , Sasaki Takashi , Sakamoto Shun‐ichiro , Ishii Yosuke , Morota Tetsuro , Nitta Takashi , Shimizu Akira 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere have been a few cases of echogenic cardiac implantable electric device (CIED) lead‐associated oscillating intracardiac masses (ICMs) in leads imaged by echocardiography. The histological properties of ICMs could help clarify the etiological diagnosis. Although there is extensive literature on mass size, the histological properties of such masses have not been characterized. The aim of this research was to clarify the histological features of oscillating ICMs in CIED patients.MethodsPreoperative echocardiography was performed in all candidates for CIED removal. In the patients with ICMs, specimens were obtained by 3 methods: direct tissue collection during open‐heart surgery; tissue collection together with the CIED lead during transvenous extraction; and tissue collection by catheter vacuum during transvenous CIED removal. A standard histopathological examination of ICM tissue was performed.ResultsA total of 106 patients underwent lead removal in our institute (April 2009‐March 2018); 14 patients had an ICM (13.2%), and 7 specimens were obtained in patients with CIED lead‐related ICM. Following histological examination, 2 types of ICM were identified: one mainly composed of thickened endocardium (EN type; 3 patients), and the other mainly an aggregate of inflammatory cells as a neutrophil cell (NC type; 4 patients).ConclusionsTwo histological types of intracardiac masses, including a thickened endocardium type and a neutrophil cell type, were identified. These classifications might help make an accurate histological diagnosis of lead‐associated intracardiac masses.
Investigating the kinetics of liquid‐free, OSDA‐free ZSM‐5 zeolite synthesis from iron ore tailings
Authors: Zhang Peng , Li Suqin , Guo Penghui 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, ZSM‐5, which is a Mobil‐type five‐type zeolite with well‐defined crystal morphology, is successfully synthesized via a seed‐assisted, liquid‐free method that uses iron ore tailings as a silica source. The ZSM‐5 crystallization kinetics at 423, 433, and 443 K and different synthesis times are investigated to identify the nucleation and crystallization mechanisms of the synthesized ZSM‐5 zeolites, and results suggest that the crystallization kinetics follow a Kolmogorov‐Johnson‐Mehl‐Avrami‐type behavior. The activation energies for the induction and transition periods are 112.38 and 58.35 kJ mol−1, respectively. Furthermore, the Avrami exponent indicates three‐dimensional crystal growth from both sporadic and instantaneous nucleation mechanisms. A comparison of our results with previous reports of the ZSM‐5 crystallization mechanism demonstrates that the seed crystals play a significant role in nucleation and crystal growth. Finally, seed surface crystallization and new nuclei crystallization dual mechanism has been proposed to describe the crystallization process of ZSM‐5.
Reaction kinetics investigation of Malononitrile with substituted benzaldehydes in aqueous solutions of ethaline as deep eutectic solvent
Authors: Abbasi Mostafa , Harifi‐Mood Ali Reza , Lotfi Nosood Yazdanbakhsh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDue to increasing demands for ecofriendly processes within the framework of green chemistry, and having shown substantial properties, especially in terms of toxicity, biodegradability, cost, and ease of preparation under ambient conditions, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have become a suitable candidate as green solvents for reaction media in the past decade. In this work, condensation reaction of some para‐ and meta‐substituted benzaldehydes and Malononitrile was kinetically investigated in ethylene glycol‐choline chloride (ethaline) as a DES mixed with water, in the whole range of mole fractions, at room temperature. The correlation of second‐order rate coefficients based on Hammett's substituent constants yield a linear straight line with positive slope in different mole fractions of ethaline–water mixtures. The measured second‐order rate coefficients of the reaction showed a dramatic variation in ethaline–water mixtures with the increasing mole fraction of water.
Concentration and isotopic composition of mercury in a blackwater river affected by extreme flooding events
Authors: Tsui Martin Tsz‐Ki , Uzun Habibullah , Ruecker Alexander , Majidzadeh Hamed , Ulus Yener , Zhang Hongyuan , Bao Shaowu , Blum Joel D. , Karanfil Tanju , Chow Alex T. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTorrential rain and extreme flooding caused by Atlantic hurricanes mobilize a large pool of organic matter (OM) from coastal forested watersheds in the southeastern United States. However, the mobilization of toxic metals such as mercury (Hg) that are associated with this vast pool of OM are rarely measured. This study aims to assess the variations of total Hg (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) levels and the isotopic compositions of Hg in a blackwater river (Waccamaw River, SC, U.S.A.) during two recent extreme flooding events induced by Hurricane Joaquin (October 2015) and Hurricane Matthew (October 2016). We show that extreme flooding considerably increased filtered THg and MeHg concentrations associated with aromatic dissolved organic matter. During a 2‐month sampling window each year (October–November), we estimate that about 27% (2015) and 78% (2016) of the average amount of Hg deposited atmospherically during these 2 months was exported via the river. The isotopic composition of Hg in the river waters was changed only slightly by the substantial inputs of runoff from surrounding landscapes, in which mass‐dependent fractionation (as δ202Hg) decreased from −1.47 to −1.67‰ and mass‐independent fractionation (as ∆199Hg) decreased from −0.15 to −0.37‰. The slight variations in Hg isotopic composition during such extreme flooding events imply that sources of Hg in the river are nearly unchanged even under the very high wet deposition of Hg derived from the intensive rainfall. The majority of Hg exported by the river (74–85%) is estimated to have been derived from dry deposition to the watersheds. An increase in frequency and intensity of Atlantic hurricanes is expected in the next few decades due to further warming of ocean surface waters. We predict that increased hurricanes will mobilize more dry‐deposited Hg and in situ produced MeHg from these coastal watersheds where MeHg can be extensively bioaccumulated and biomagnified in the downstream aquatic food webs.
Fluorescence and Multiphoton Imaging for Tissue Characterization of a Model of Postmenopausal Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Sawyer Travis W. , Koevary Jennifer W. , Howard Caitlin C. , Austin Olivia J. , Rice Photini F. S. , Hutchens Gabrielle V. , Chambers Setsuko K. , Connolly Denise C. , Barton Jennifer K. 
Published: April 2020

Background and ObjectivesTo determine the efficacy of targeted fluorescent biomarkers and multiphoton imaging to characterize early changes in ovarian tissue with the onset of cancer.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA transgenic TgMISIIR‐TAg mouse was used as an animal model for ovarian cancer. Mice were injected with fluorescent dyes to bind to the folate receptor α, matrix metalloproteinases, and integrins. Half of the mice were treated with 4‐vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) to simulate menopause. Widefield fluorescence imaging (WFI) and multiphoton imaging of the ovaries and oviducts were conducted at 4 and 8 weeks of age. The fluorescence signal magnitude was quantified, and texture features were derived from multiphoton imaging. Linear discriminant analysis was then used to classify mouse groups.ResultsImaging features from both fluorescence imaging and multiphoton imaging show significant changes (P < 0.01) with age, VCD treatment, and genotype. The classification model is able to classify different groups to accuracies of 75.53%, 69.53%, and 86.76%, for age, VCD treatment, and genotype, respectively. Building a classification model using features from multiple modalities shows marked improvement over individual modalities.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that using WFI with targeted biomarkers, and multiphoton imaging with endogenous contrast shows promise for detecting early changes in ovarian tissue with the onset of cancer. The results indicate that multimodal imaging can provide higher sensitivity for classifying tissue types than using single modalities alone. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation of the influence of iron‐containing abrasives on the corrosion behaviour of the aluminium alloy AlSi1.2Mg0.4
Authors: Babutzka Martin , Müller Thoralf , Mietz Jürgen , Burkert Andreas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe corrosion resistance of aluminium surfaces is closely linked to the surface state after a grinding process. For years, iron‐containing abrasive materials were suspected to lead to increased corrosion susceptibility after processing of aluminium surfaces. To prove a possible correlation between the iron content of an abrasive and the corrosion behaviour of aluminium components, scientific investigations and experimentally practical corrosion tests are necessary. For the current investigation, specimens of a technical Al‐Si alloy from the same batch were used. The test specimens were mechanically ground with various resin‐bonded model abrasives containing different iron contents. The performed corrosion tests did not reveal a negative influence of the different iron‐containing abrasives on the corrosion behaviour of the Al–Si alloy. However, the most sensitive measuring method (electrochemical noise) showed differences in the surface activity depending on the type of abrasive.
Unveiling the Effects of In Situ Layer–Layer Interfacial Reaction in Multilayer Polymer Films via Multilayered Assembly: From Microlayers to Nanolayers
Authors: Lu Bo , Alcouffe Pierre , Sudre Guillaume , Pruvost Sébastien , Serghei Anatoli , Liu Chuntai , Maazouz Abderrahim , Lamnawar Khalid 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMultilayered polymer films are increasingly used in the daily life, but their macroscopic properties are always limited by the layer–layer interfacial compatibility. In this work, the influence of interface modification through in situ layer–layer interfacial reaction during a multilayered assembly is revealed from micro‐ to nanolayer films, based on maleated poly(vinylidene fluoride) and polyamide‐6. In the presence of interfacial reaction and confinement, layer architecture and microstructure are highly dependent on the number of layers. Specifically, for nanolayer films having smaller layer thicknesses and higher reaction extent, layer integrity is reduced with the occurrence of interfacial instabilities. Depending on the microstructural evolution from multilayer assembly, those films exhibit quantitatively different extensional rheological and dielectric properties from micro‐ to nanolayers. More importantly, dielectric spectroscopy reveals the contribution of copolymer‐rich interphases to the dielectric performance of micro/nanolayered films. Additionally, charge transport dynamics in nanolayered films also differ significantly from their microlayered counterparts. They are attributed to the strong dependence of interfacial reaction extent and resulting microstructure on the number of layers and layer thicknesses. This work clearly illustrates how the control of layer–layer interfacial reaction in micro/nanolayer assembly can tune the interfacial, microstructure, and macroscopic properties of multilayered products.
Switching between Stacked Toroids and Helical Supramolecular Polymers in Aqueous Nanotubules
Authors: Wang Huaxin , Lee Myongsoo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAlthough significant advances have been made in supramolecular tubules, reversible polymerization in the tubular walls while maintaining their intact structure remains a great challenge. Here, reversible helical supramolecular polymerization of stacked toroids is reported, while maintaining tubular structures in aqueous solution. At room temperature, the tubules consist of discrete toroid stackings with hydrophobic interior. Upon heating, the tubules based on toroid stackings undergo a reversible helical supramolecular polymerization to transform into helical tubules by interconnecting between spirally open toroids. The helical polymerization arises from a tilting transition of the closed toroids that transform into spirally open toroids driven by the thermal dehydration of a hydrophilic oligoether dendron surrounding the toroid frameworks.
Effect of nanoparticles on surface characteristics of dental nanocomposite
Authors: Salari Sepehr , Dadkan Sara , Khakbiz Mehrdad , Atai Mohammad 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to present a systematically assessment of wear characteristics of hybrid dental composites. Lanthanum oxide (La2O3) nanofillers are an imperative part of fillers in hybrid dental composites to increase their cosmetic features and radiopacity that are added as a second filler along with quartz microfillers. In this research, hybrid nanocomposite samples are synthesized by different content of La2O3 nanofillers to study their effect on surface behaviour, friction coefficient and wear resistance that further discussed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the wear track and debris. The results provide a significant influence of nanofillers on wear resistance with samples having higher nanofillers showing lower wear resistance; however, coefficient of friction reaches an optimum and increase with higher content. The wear behaviour is also related to micro‐hardness of specimens to find a detailed understanding of wear mechanism.
Bioinformatics analysis and verification of gene targets for benign tracheal stenosis
Authors: Li Xu‐ze , Wang Zi‐chen , Qiu Yong , Ma Shu‐xian , Meng Ling‐bing , Wu Wen‐hao , Zhang Pei , Yang Wei , Song Wen‐ping , Huang Lining 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundTracheal injury could cause intratracheal scar hyperplasia which in turn causes benign tracheal stenosis (TS). With the increasing use of mechanical ventilation and ventilator, the incidence of TS is increasing. However, the molecular mechanisms of TS have not been elucidated. It is significant to further explore the molecular mechanisms of TS.MethodsThe repeatability of public data was verified. Differently expressed genes (DEGs) and most significant genes were identified between TS and normal samples. Enrichment analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were analyzed. The comparative toxicogenomics database were analyzed. TS patients were recruited and RT‐qPCR were performed to verify the most significant genes.ResultsThere exist strong correlations among samples of TS and normal group. There was a total of 194 DEGs, including 61 downregulated DEGs and 133 upregulated DEGs. GO were significantly enriched in mitotic nuclear division, cell cycle, and cell division. Analysis of KEGG indicated that the top pathways were cell cycle, and p53 pathway. MKI67(OMIM:176741), CCNB1(OMIM:123836), and CCNB2(OMIM:602755) were identified as the most significant genes of TS, and validated by the clinical samples.ConclusionBioinformatics methods might be useful method to explore the mechanisms of TS. In addition, MKI67, CCNB1, and CCNB2 might be the most significant genes of TS.
Haprin‐deficient spermatozoa are incapable of in vitro fertilization
Authors: Aoki Yusuke , Tsujimura Akira , Kaseda Kazuhiro , Okabe Masaru , Tokuhiro Keizo , Ohta Tomoe , O'Bryan Moira K , Okuda Hidenobu , Kitamura Kouichi , Ogawa Yukiko , Fujiki Tsukasa , Wada Morimasa , Horie Shigeo , Nishimune Yoshitake , Tanaka Hiromitsu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHaprin (TRIM36) is a ubiquitin‐protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins. It is expressed in the testes in both mice and humans and is thought to be involved in spermiogenesis, the acrosome reaction, and fertilization. However, the functional role of Haprin is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological role of Haprin in fertility. Homozygous haprin‐deficient mice were generated and these mice, and their spermatozoa, were analyzed to detect morphological and fertility‐related abnormalities. In these models, normal spermatogenesis was observed but sperm quality was reduced with haprin‐deficient mice having poorer sperm morphology and motility than wild‐type mice. Interestingly, haprin‐deficient mice showed normal in vivo fertility but could not fertilize oocytes under standard in vitro fertilization conditions. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Haprin deficiency causes morphological abnormalities in spermatozoa, indicating that Haprin is involved in spermiogenesis.
Hallux valgus severity, great toe pain, and plantar pressures during gait: A cross‐sectional study of community‐dwelling adults
Authors: Clarke Gregory R. , Thomas Martin J. , Rathod‐Mistry Trishna , Marshall Michelle , Menz Hylton B. , Peat George , Roddy Edward 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundHallux valgus (HV) is a common disabling condition affecting 36% of adults aged 65 years and over. Identifying whether the severity of the deformity alters weight‐bearing patterns during walking may assist clinicians optimize offloading interventions. Therefore, we examined how plantar pressure distributions during walking are affected by HV severity.MethodsPlantar pressures and maximum forces in ten regions of the foot were obtained from 120 participants (40 men, 80 women) aged ≥50 years using a pressure platform (RSscan® International, Olen, Belgium). HV severity was documented using a validated line‐drawing instrument with participants separated into four groups: none (n = 30), mild (n = 30), moderate (n = 30) and severe (n = 30). Pressure and force values were compared across HV severity, stratified by the presence or absence of great toe pain.ResultsParticipants with severe HV were more likely to have great toe pain. More severe HV was associated with significant reductions in peak pressure and maximum force under the hallux but not at other sites of the foot. This association appeared strongest in those reporting great toe pain.ConclusionsGreater HV severity is associated with great toe pain and reduced loading under the hallux when walking. These observed changes in plantar pressure and maximum force may reflect a pain avoidance mechanism.
Mesoscopic aspects of the computational homogenization with meshless modeling for masonry material
Authors: La Malfa Ribolla Emma , Giambanco Giuseppe , Spada Antonino 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe multiscale homogenization scheme is becoming a diffused tool for the analysis of heterogeneous materials as masonry since it allows dealing with the complexity of formulating closed‐form constitutive laws by retrieving the material response from the solution of a unit cell (UC) boundary value problem (BVP). The robustness of multiscale simulations depends on the robustness of the nested macroscopic and mesoscopic models. In this study, specific attention is paid to the meshless solution of the UC BVP under plane stress conditions, comparing performances related to the application of linear displacement or periodic boundary conditions (BCs). The effect of the geometry of the UC is also investigated since the BVP is formulated for the two simpliest UCs, according to a displacement‐based variational formulation assuming the block indefinitely elastic and the mortar joints as zero‐thickness elasto‐plastic interfaces. It will be showed that the meshless discretization allows obtaining some advantages with respect to a standard FE mesh. The influence of the UC morphology as well as the BCs on the linear and nonlinear UC macroscopic response is discussed for pure modes of failure. The results can be constructive in view of performing a general Fe·Meshless or Meshless2 analysis.
Sexually transmitted infections and cervical cancer: Knowledge and prevention awareness among female university students in Japan
Authors: Kawata Kimiko , Koga Hinako 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimTo examine the possible association among knowledge regarding cervical cancer, its relationship with STIs and prevention awareness of STIs of female aged 20 years or older who were recommended regular screening for cervical cancer.DesignA cross‐sectional study using anonymous self‐administered questionnaires.MethodThe subjects were 3rd‐ and 4th‐year female university students. The association among knowledge about cervical cancer, cervical cancer screening behaviours and sexually transmitted diseases prevention behaviour awareness scale on university students (STDASUS) scores were examined using the Mann–Whitney U test and the chi‐squared test. The data collection period was June‐August, 2018.ResultsTwo hundred sixty‐one questionnaires were analysed as valid responses. The study indicated a possible association between understanding that cervical cancer occurs due to a viral infection and that the virus is spread through sexual intercourse and awareness of STI prevention behaviours. Appropriate education concerning the characteristics of cervical cancer, its correlation with STIs and the importance of the screening is essential.
Brownmillerite‐Type Crystalline Ca2FeCoO5 Ultrasmall Particles with Single‐Nanometer Dimensions as an Active Cocatalyst for Oxygen Photoevolution Reaction
Authors: Tsuji Etsushi , Nanbu Ryosuke , Degami Yoshiki , Hirao Kei , Watanabe Takeyuki , Matsumoto Naoya , Suganuma Satoshi , Katada Naonobu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBrownmillerite‐type Ca2FeCoO5 (CFCO) is one of the most effective catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), comparable with noble metal oxides. In this study, crystalline CFCO ultrasmall particles with nanometric dimension are synthesized by a reverse micelle method on TiO2 nanoparticles. The particle size decreases with decreasing molar ratio of water to surfactant. The precursors of CFCO must be calcined after loading on TiO2 nanoparticles to achieve CFCO ultrasmall particles with several nanometers in size. Interaction between the precursors and TiO2 is speculated to suppress aggregation of the precursors during calcination. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 for OER is improved by loading of CFCO ultrasmall particles with 5 nm, whereas the activity decreases by loading of CFCO with more than 15 nm. Photocatalytic activity of the most active CFCO/TiO2 is comparable to that of RuO2/TiO2. Both the lower edge of conduction band and higher edge of valence band of CFCO are lower and higher than those of TiO2, respectively, leading to transfer of excited holes and electrons transferred to CFCO and recombination. When the particle size of CFCO becomes several nanometric dimensions, the transferred holes rapidly reach the surface of CFCO and oxidize water molecules before recombination with electrons.
An outlook ofFMC's current and future herbicide‐resistance management strategies
Authors: Ganie Zahoor A , Obrigawitch Timothy , Kang Il‐Ho , Copeland Drake , Gutteridge Steven , May John , Schrage Brandon , Albright Robert , Chandi Aman 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHerbicide resistance has emerged globally as a serious threat to profitable crop production. FMC promotes integrated weed management approaches including responsible use of existing herbicides, use of non‐herbicide weed control tools, awareness about herbicide resistance issues, and support to herbicide resistance management initiatives. FMC is dedicated to developing sustainable weed control solutions through the discovery of new herbicides with novel sites‐of‐action, effective formulations, advanced application technology, and proactive monitoring for herbicide resistance. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry