bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
74 Days Dynamic Changes of Chest CT Images of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Hebei Province, China
Authors: Liang jianqin , Liu Guizeng , Yu Shuzhuang , Yang Yang , Li Yanchun , Tian Hongli , Chen Zhe 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Since December 2019, the COVID-19 infection broke out in many parts of the world with confirmed and death cases rapidly increasing, which posed a great threat to human life and health. Current nucleic acid detection and antibody testing for the SARS-CoV-2 were the main methods for diagnosis of COVID-19, but not so sensitive, with high false negative rate and missed diagnosis rate. Imaging changes of COVID-19 not only precede symptomatic changes, but also have different imaging characteristics in different periods. We conducted 74 days of dynamic chest CT imaging observation on COVID-19 patients in Hebei province, aiming to understand the dynamic characteristics of the chest CT changes of COVID-19, so as to find the source of infection early, take early intervention measures, and judge the prognosis. Methods Chest CT examinations at intervals 1 to 4 days were conducted for 11 patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19. On the 74th day after onset, chest CT was reexamined to analyze the characteristics of chest CT in each stage. Results Of the 11 cases, 1 case was imported from Wuhan, 10 cases were infected for family clustering after close contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases. There were 3 ordinary cases, 3 severe cases and 5 critical cases. Among them, 2 critical cases died for old age and complications of underlying diseases, while 9 cases were cured by April 7, 2020. The changes of chest CT imaging in 1 child appeared prior to the clinical symptoms. 1–4 days after onset of the initial symptom were the early stages: Chest CT was mainly characterized by single lung quasi-circular ground glass shadow and fine mesh shadow. 5–10 days were the progressive stages: The lesion spread along the axial interstitium of the bronchi and gradually diffused to the whole lung, and reach the peak on day 6 to 9, which was characterized by consolidation, paving stone sign, halo sign, reversed halo sign, and even ‘white lung’ for the critical patients. The recovery stages began on day 11 after onset: The fiber cord, ground glass and consolidation shadow were gradually absorbed. After 74 days of follow-up, no serious permanent lung injury was found. Conclusion Chest CT could determine the different stages of COVID-19. Dynamic follow-up chest CT showed a good prognosis of COVID-19 in Hebei Province, China
Identification and Comparative Profiling of microRNAs&nbsp;at Different Diapause Stages of Galeruca Daurica Adults
Authors: Duan Tian-Feng , Li Ling , Tan Yao , Li Yan-Yan , Pang Bao-Ping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs of approximately 22 nt in length, which regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Although the regulatory roles of miRNAs in various physiological processes throughout insect development have been investigated, it is almost unknown about the roles of miRNAs involved in the regulation of diapause in insects.Results: We constructed 12 small RNA libraries from Galeruca daurica adults at different diapause stages: pre-diapause (PD), diapause (D), post-diapause 1 (TD1), and post-diapause 2 (TD2). Using Illumina sequencing, a total of 95.06 million valid reads was obtained, and 230 miRNAs, including 143 conserved and 87 novel miRNAs, were identified from G. daurica. The expression profiles of these miRNAs were assessed across different diapause stages and miRNAs that were highly expressed at different diapause stages were identified. Comparative analysis of read counts indicated that both conserved and novel miRNAs were differently expressed among the four different diapause stages, and the differential expression was validated via qRT-PCR. The 25, 11, 15, 14, 26, and one miRNAs were differentially expressed in D/PD, D/TD1, D/TD2, TD1/PD, TD2/PD, and TD2/TD1, respectively. The KEGG and GO analysis of the predicted target genes suggested the essential roles of miRNAs in the regulation of summer diapause in G. daurica, especially via the juvenile hormone, ribosome, MAPK signaling, mTOR signaling, Ca2+ signaling, and G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathways.Conclusion: Our research results indicate that miRNAs may be involved in the regulation of summer diapause in G. daurica, and these results also provide an important new small RNA genomics resource for further studies on insect diapause.
Continuous infusion of dexamethasone aggravates the damage of cartilage via upregulating p-AKT and impairing articular autophagy in experimental OA model
Authors: chen liang , Ni Zhenhong , Zhang Jinfan , Huang Junlan , Xie Yangli , Zhang Bin , Kuang Liang , Sun Xianding , Zhang Dali , Su Nan , Qi Huabing , Tan Qiaoyan , Yang Jing , Jin Min , Luo Fengtao , Chen Hangang , Zhou Siru , Du Xiaolan , Ouyang Junjie , Wang Zuqiang , Chen Lin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective

To explore the effect of dexamethasone (Dex) infusion on articular cartilage and the underlying mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.
Methods

Destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA mouse model was used in this study. The mice with Dex treatment were sacrificed and then the knee joint samples were obtained for pathological analysis. Mouse primary chondrocytes were isolated and cultured in the presence or absence of Dex, which were used for calcification analysis and western blot assay.
Results

Dex accelerated the loss of articular cartilage matrix in mice, while it aggravated the damage of cartilage in DMM-induced OA model at the late stage. The calcium content in calcified cartilage layer in the joints from Dex treated OA mice was significantly higher than that from control mice. Dex treatment enhanced mineralization of articular cartilage matrix and leaded to massive apoptosis of chondrocytes in OA model. In addition, Dex caused autophagy of chondrocytes in the early stage, which was decreased at the late stage of Dex treatment. Moreover, we found that the effect of Dex on the mineralization of articular cartilage matrix in mice was related to AKT activation.
Conclusions

Continuous infusion of Dex can enhance the calcification of cartilage via AKT activation and increase chondrocyte apoptosis through inhibiting autophagy, which aggravates the damage of articular cartilage and accelerates the progression of OA in vivo.
A Functional Variant of CXCL16&nbsp;Predisposes to Sepsis and MODS&nbsp;in Traumatic Patients
Authors: Sun Jianhui , Zhang Huacai , Liu Di , Cui Li , Wang Qiang , Gan Lebin , Wen Dalin , Wang Jun , Du Juan , Huang Hong , Zhang Anqiang , Deng Jin , Jiang Jianxin , Zeng Ling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: CXC chemokine famliy genes play an important role in inflammatory and immune diseases. CXCL16 affects the occurrence and development of inflammation through leukocyte chemotaxis, leukocyte adhesion and endotoxin clearance. We selected a set of tagSNPs in CXCL16 gene and investigated their clinical relevance in relation to the development of sepsis and MODS in patients with major trauma in three independent Chinese Han populations.Methods: A total of 1,620 major trauma patients were enrolled in this study. Among which, 920 patients came from Chongqing in western China, 350 patients came from Zhejiang province in eastern China and 350 patients came from Guizhou province in southern China. Improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) was used in the genotyping and genetic association study was used to analyze the association between CXCL16 haplotypes and sepsis morbidity rate and higher MOD Scores in three cohorts. Results: CXCL16 T123V181 haplotype was associated with an increased risk for sepsis morbidity rate and higher MOD Scores in three cohorts. In vitro chemotactic experiment showed that T123V181 protein enhanced the chemotaxis of immunocytes. The adhesion ability of THP-1 cells which expressing T123V181 to immunocytes was also stronger than that of the other three haplotypes. T123 and V181 altered the structure of CXCL16 active center, which led to the change of protein function and the change of adhesion and chemotaxis of CXCL16 expressing immunocytes. The structural change might be the cause of the increased incidence of sepsis and higher score of MODS.Conclusions: We demonstrate that CXCL16 genetic variation regulates sepsis morbidity rate and explore a paradigm for the prewarning diagnosis of sepsis tailored by individual genetic information.Trial registration： ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT01713205. Registered 18 October 2012, retrospectively registered.
An Efficient and Stable Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation System for Rubber Grass ( Taraxacum Spp. )
Authors: Peng Cunzhi , Chang Lili , Wang Dan , Xie Quanliang , Zheng Xingmei , Tong Zheng , Xu Bingqiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRubber grass is excellent alternatives to Hevea and ideal model plants for natural rubber research through genetic transformation. However, the transformation is unstable due to the high heterozygosity of rubber grass and the efficiency of the existing transformation system could not well satisfy the needs of the studies on key gene functions of natural rubber biosynthesis.ResultsHere, we report an efficient and stable Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system of rubber grass species using young leaves as explants. An excellent rubber grass species, named as 12-16, that is suitable for tissue culture was selected from a wild germplasm repository collected from Xinjiang. The total regeneration efficiency of 12-16 which cultivated on shoot regeneration medium (Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium plus 1.5 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and 0.1 mg/L naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)) was 100%, and the excellent regeneration shoots reached in 74.1%. Finally, two genes, rubber elongation factors 138 (REF138) and rubber elongation factors 258 (REF258) driven under an enhanced 35S promoter were transformed into 12-16 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens GV3101 mediated genetic transformation. The final transformation efficiency exceeded 20% and the total transformation cycle from leaf explants to hygromycin-resistant seedling lasted approximately 3–4 months.ConclusionsWe provides a highly efficient transformation system based on rubber grass germplasm 12-16 for the introduction of interest genes into rubber grass and provides important technical support for rubber biosynthesis research.
Albedo Solution to Global Warming In the Control of CO2, Hotspots, &amp; Hydro-Hotspots Forcing and Their Albedo-GHG Interactions
Authors: Feinberg Alec 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Although global warming (GW) albedo solutions are currently not being used worldwide, they are anticipated to be vital as a significant supplement to CO2 reduction efforts. Conservatively, albedo surface controls are seriously lacking. Furthermore, without albedo solutions there is a reasonable probability, as many authors have suggested, for a 1.5oC-3oC GW increase, which is expected to be enough for a tipping point to occur. An important aspect to bring to the attention of policymakers is the albedo-greenhouse gas (GHG) interactions. We model this interaction which has a major influence in assessing climate change. For example, modeling is used to help exemplify the amount of albedo surface area modification required to mitigate CO2 GW effects. Additionally, albedo controls are the only way to mitigate impermeable hotspots and hydro-hotspots surfaces that have increased at an alarming rate. We illustrate their growth rate; discuss their historical recognized significance and known correlations to climate change. Our results are directed toward influencing policymakers on the unique practical aspects of albedo solutions and their imminent need.
Impact of 2017 ACC/AHA&nbsp;Guideline on Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control and Risk Factors of Hypertension: a Population-based, Cross-sectional Study in Iran
Authors: Sadeghi Fatemeh , Cheraghian Bahman , Mohammadi Zahra , Sepanlou Sadaf G , Masoudi Sahar , Rahimi Zahra , Danehchin Leila , Paridar Yousef , Abolnejadian Farhad , Noori Mohammad , Mard Seyed Ali , Shayesteh Ali Akbar , Poustchi Hossein 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: In 2017, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) provided a new guideline for hypertension prevention and management. We aimed to update the prevalence, awareness, control and risk factors of hypertension based on this guideline and to estimate the number of people who are eligible for non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic intervention. Methods: This population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Khuzestan, a large province in the southwest of Iran. Comprehensive information about the potential risk factors of hypertension was collected and blood pressure, blood biomarkers, and anthropometric were measured. Moreover, the dietary pattern was evaluated in 10% of the participants, using a qualitative food frequency questionnaire.Results: A total number of 30,506 individuals aged 20-65 years was included in this study. In comparison to previous guideline (JNC8), the prevalence of hypertension in Khuzestan dramatically increased by 27.04% after implementation of ACC/AHA (15.81% vs 42.85%), which was more dominant in the male population and the 50-59 age group. The sex and age adjustment of the hypertension prevalence was estimated to be 39.40%. The number of individuals required antihypertensive treatment was slightly increased from 15.53% to 21.18%; however, the level of awareness and control dramatically dropped by 23.17% & 31.78%, respectively. All hypertension-related risk factors remained significant after applying the new guideline; however, the strength of the association was reduced in the risk factors like age, waist-hip ratio, body mass index, alcohol consumption, water pipe usage, and physical activity. Similarity, the association between hypertension and history of diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases were decreased by 38%, and 62%, respectively.Conclusions: In the ACC/AHA guideline, a higher number of individuals with the pre-hypertension condition had been shifted into the hypertension category and the level of awareness, treatment, and control was dramatically fallen, which highlight a great need to expand the public health infrastructure for further managing the substantial increase in the public health burden of hypertension.
Acute pulmonary embolism in acutely ill COVID-19 patients admitted to internal medicine wards.
Authors: FRIZ Hernan POLO , GELFI Elia , ORENTI Annalisa , MOTTO Elena , PRIMITZ Laura , DONZELLI Tino , INTOTERO Marcello , SCARPAZZA Paolo , VIGHI Giuseppe , CIMMINIELLO Claudio , BORACCHI Patrizia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
INTRODUCTION. Emerging evidence linking COVID-19 to an increased risk of acute pulmonary embolism (APE). The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of APE in acutely ill COVID-19 patients admitted to internal medicine department wards and to investigate the association of clinical and biochemical variables with a confirmed diagnosis of APE. METHODS. All consecutive patients admitted to the internal medicine department wards of a general hospital with a diagnosis of severe COVID-19, who performed a Computer Tomography Pulmonary Angiography(CTPA) for respiratory deterioration in April 2020, were included. RESULTS. Study populations: 41 subjects, median(IRQ) age: 71.7(63-76) years, CPTA confirmed APE=8(19.51%,CI95%:8.82%-34.87%). Among patients with and without APE, no significant differences were found with regards symptoms, comorbidities, treatment, Wells score and outcomes. The optimal cut-off value of D-dimer for predicting APE was 2454 ng/mL, sensitivity(CI95%):63(24-91), specificity:73(54-87), Positive Predictive Value:36(13-65), Negative Predictive Value: 89(71-98) and AUC:0.62(0.38-0.85). The standard and age-adjusted D-dimer cut-offs, and the Wells score > 2 did not associate with confirmed APE, albeit a cut-off value of D-dimer=2454 ng/mL showed an RR:3.21;CI95%:0.92-13.97;p = 0.073.CONCLUSION. In acutely ill COVID-19 patients admitted to internal medicine department wards who performed CTPA for respiratory deterioration, the prevalence of APE was high, and the traditional diagnostic tools to identify high APE pre-test probability patients did not show to be clinically useful. These results support the use of a lower threshold of suspicion to perform CTPA for excluding or confirming APE as the most appropriate approach in this clinical setting.
Whole-Genome Characterization of Rosa Chinensis AP2/ERF Transcription Factors and Analysis of Negative Regulator RcDREB2B in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wei Li , Geng Ziwen , Cuiping Zhang , Kuiling Wang , Xinqiang Jiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Rose (Rosa chinensis) is a traditional famous flower with valuable ornamental characteristics. However, drought stress restricts its growth and development, leading to abnormal phenotype. APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) proteins are a kind of transcription factor (TF) protein groups in the plant kingdom, which are crucially involved in the growth and stress responses of most plants. Results: Our investigation focused on exploring the genome of rose and we discovered 135 apparent AP2/ERF TFs. Phylogenic analyses revealed that RcAP2/ERF genes are categorized into DREB, Soloist, AP2, and ERF subfamilies, and further classified these into 17 groups. Analysis of the gene structure revealed that the introns ranged from 0 to 9 in number. Pattern examination demonstrated that the RcAP2/ERF predominantly had typical AP2 domains, of which the 2nd motif is the most ubiquitous. Distributions of cis-acting elements showed members of the AP2/ERF family are involved in growth development and stress response in rose species. We carried out a distribution mapping of the seven rose chromosomes which revealed that AP2/ERF class genes are dispersed among all seven chromosomes. Additionally, we isolated a novel DREB A-2 subgroup gene and named it RcDREB2B. RcDREB2B transcript accumulation was repressed under mild drought and severe drought stress in the root samples of rose. RcDREB2B was targeted to the nucleus and exhibited transactivation in yeast cells. Overexpression of RcDREB2B resulted in enhanced sensitivity to high salt concentration, ABA, and PEG at the germination and post-germination stages. Twelve putative osmotic and ABA-related genes were impaired in RcDREB2B-overexpressing plants. Conclusion: The results provide comprehensive information regarding the gene structure, phylogenic, and distribution of rose AP2/ERF family and shed insight into the complex transcriptional gene regulation of RcAP2/ERF. Findings in this study would also contribute to further understanding of the RcDREB2B gene in rose.
Identification of immunological, inflammatory, hematological, and coagulation abnormalities associated with severity and mortality of COVID-19: a meta-analysis of 64 observational studies
Authors: He Li , Qin Rundong , Yang Zhaowei , Jia Nan , Chen Ruchong , Xie Jiaxing , Fu Wanyi , Chen Hao , Lin Xinliu , Huang Renbin , Luo Tian , Liu Yukai , Yao Siyang , Jiang Mei , Li Jing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLaboratory abnormalities associated with disease severity and mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported in many observational studies. However, there are significant heterogeneities in patient characteristics and research methodologies in these studies.ObjectivesWe aimed to provide an updated synthesis of the association between laboratory abnormalities and COVID-19 prognosis.MethodsWe conducted an electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Willey, Web of Science, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for studies reporting hematological, coagulation, inflammatory, and immunological results during hospital admission of COVID-19 patients with different severities and outcomes.ResultsA total of 64 studies were included in the current meta-analysis, with 8 hematological, 3 coagulation, 5 inflammatory, and 23 immunological variables reported. Of them, white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil counts (Neu), D-dimer level, procalcitonin (PCT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferretin, serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukins (ILs)–2R, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly increased in severely ill patients and non-survivors. Meanwhile, non-severely ill patients and survivors presented significantly higher counts of eosinophils, lymphocytes, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. A majority of included variables presented with significant heterogeneity, some of which resulted from differing disease severities and ages of included patients.ConclusionsThe current meta-analysis provides a comprehensive and updated synthesis of the association between admission laboratory abnormalities with severity and mortality of COVID-19. Our results highlight that increases in the levels of PCT, ESR, CRP, ferretin, SAA, IL-2R, IL-6, and IL-10 were associated with disease deterioration, whereas elevated eosinophils, lymphocytes, and T-cell subsets might serve as indicators of favorable outcomes.
Image-guided Cryotherapy for Musculoskeletal Tumors
Authors: Scandiffio Rossella , Bozzi Elena , Ezeldin Mohamed , Capanna Rodolfo , Ceccoli Matteo , Colangeli Simone , Donati Davide M. , Colangeli Marco 
Published: September 2020

Background:This article represents a review of the use of image-guided cryotherapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal tumor lesions. Cryotherapy is able to induce a lethal effect on cancer cells through direct and indirect mechanisms. In this manuscript, we combined our experience with that of other authors who have published on this topic in order to provide indications on when to use cryotherapy in musculoskeletal oncology.Discussion:Image-Guided percutaneous cryotherapy is a therapeutic method now widely accepted in the treatment of patients with musculoskeletal tumors. It can be used both for palliative treatments of metastatic bone lesions and for the curative treatment of benign bone tumors, such as osteoid osteoma or osteoblastoma. In the treatment of bone metastases, cryotherapy plays a major role in alleviating or resolving disease-related pain, but it has also been demonstrated that it can have a role in local disease control. In recent years, the use of cryotherapy has also expanded for the treatment of both benign and malignant soft tissue tumors.Conclusion:Percutaneous cryotherapy can be considered a safe and effective technique in the treatment of benign and malignant musculoskeletal tumors. Cryotherapy can be considered the first option in benign tumor lesions, such as osteoid osteoma, and a valid alternative to radiofrequency ablation. In the treatment of painful bone metastases, it must be considered secondarily to other standard treatments (radiotherapy, bisphosphonate therapy, and chemotherapy) when they are no longer effective in controlling the disease or when they cannot be repeated (for example, radiotherapy).