bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular vesicles‐encapsulated let‐7i shed from bone mesenchymal stem cells suppress lung cancer via KDM3A/DCLK1/FXYD3 axis
Authors: Liu Jiefeng , Feng Yuhua , Zeng Xinyu , He Miao , Gong Yujing , Liu Yiping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAccumulating evidence has suggested that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in lung cancer treatment. Thus, we aimed to investigate the modulatory role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)‐EV‐derived let‐7i and their molecular mechanism in lung cancer progression. Microarray‐based analysis was applied to predict lung cancer‐related miRNAs and their downstream genes. RT‐qPCR and Western blot analyses were conducted to determine Let‐7i, lysine demethylase 3A (KDM3A), doublecortin‐like kinase 1 (DCLK1) and FXYD domain‐containing ion transport regulator 3 (FXYD3) expressions, after which dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay and ChIP assay were used to identify the relationship among them. After loss‐ and gain‐of‐function assays, the effects of let‐7i, KDM3A, DCLK1 and FXYD3 on the biological characteristics of lung cancer cells were assessed. Finally, tumour growth in nude mice was assessed by xenograft tumours in nude mice. Bioinformatics analysis screened out the let‐7i and its downstream gene, that is KDM3A. The findings showed the presence of a high expression of KDM3A and DCLK1 and reduced expression of let‐7i and FXYD3 in lung cancer. KDM3A elevated DCLK1 by removing the methylation of H3K9me2. Moreover, DCLK1 suppressed the FXYD3 expression. BMSC‐EV‐derived let‐7i resulted in the down‐regulation of KDM3A expression and reversed its promoting role in lung cancer development. Consistently, in vivo experiments in nude mice also confirmed that tumour growth was suppressed by the BMSC‐EV‐derived let‐7i. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that the BMSC‐EV‐derived let‐7i possesses an inhibitory role in lung cancer progression through the KDM3A/DCLK1/FXYD3 axis, suggesting a new molecular target for lung cancer treatment.
MRI Detection of Changes in Tissue Sodium Concentration in Brain Metastases after Stereotactic Radiosurgery: A Feasibility Study
Authors: A. Mohamed Sherif , Adlung Anne , Ruder Arne M. , Hoesl Michaela A. U. , Schad Lothar , Groden Christoph , Giordano Frank A. , Neumaier‐Probst Eva 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSETo date, treatment response to stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in brain metastases (BM) can only be determined by MRI evaluation of contrast‐enhancing lesions in a long‐time follow‐up. Sodium MRI has been a subject of immense interest in imaging research as the measure of tissue sodium concentration (TSC) can give valuable quantitative information on cell viability. We aimed to analyze the longitudinal changes of TSC in BM measured with 23Na MRI before and after SRS for assessment of early local tumor effects.METHODSSeven patients with a total of 12 previously untreated BM underwent SRS with 22 Gy. In addition to a standard MRI protocol including dynamic susceptibility‐weighted contrast‐enhanced perfusion, a 23Na MRI was performed at three time points: (I) 2 days before, (II) 5 days, and (III) 40 days after SRS. Nine BMs were evaluated. The absolute TSC in the BM, the respective peritumoral edemas, and the normal‐appearing corresponding contralateral brain area were assessed and the relative TSC were correlated to the changes in BM longest axial diameters.RESULTSTSC was elevated in nine BM at baseline before SRS with a mean of 73.4 ± 12.3 mM. A further increase in TSC was observed 5 days after SRS in all the nine BM with a mean of 86.9 ± 13 mM. Eight of nine BM showed a mean 60.6 ± 13.3% decrease in the longest axial diameter 40 days after SRS; at this time point, the TSC also had decreased to a mean 65.1 ± 7.9 mM. In contrast, one of the nine BM had a 13.4% increase in the largest axial diameter at time point III. The TSC of this BM showed a further TSC increase of 80.1 mM 40 days after SRS.CONCLUSIONChanges in TSC using 23Na MRI shows the possible capability to detect radiobiological changes in BM after SRS.
Homography‐based structural displacement measurement for large structures using unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Weng Yufeng , Shan Jiazeng , Lu Zheng , Lu Xilin , Spencer Billie F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStructural displacement is an important quantity to assess the health of civil infrastructure. Vision‐based approaches using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) mounted with high‐resolution cameras have been proposed for this purpose. However, because the camera itself is moving with the UAV, any video obtained will contain both the motion of the structure and the motion of the camera. Planar homography can be used to eliminate the errors induced by the camera movement without the need for camera parameters. However, its direct application to large structures still has limitations, because capturing the undeformed regions, along with the measurement points on the structure, within a single image with sufficient resolution is seldom feasible. In this study, a new framework is presented to address these issues and facilitate the extraction of the structural displacement from videos taken by a UAV‐mounted camera. First, a two‐layer feedforward neural network (FNN) is adopted to obtain the image coordinates of the selected features of the structure on its stationary position, which are further used as homography features. Next, the structural displacement is estimated with the homography transformation matrix determined from the obtained homography features. Finally, the proposed approach is validated on both a six‐story shear‐building model in the laboratory and an elevator tower located in Zhongshan City, China. These results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.
A case series of medication‐related fibrovascular hyperplasia following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Fanconi anemia
Authors: Ballardin Bárbara Soldatelli , Mobile Rafael Zancan , Coracin Fábio Luiz , Ribeiro Lisandro Lima , Bonfim Carmem Maria Sales , Schussel Juliana Lucena , Carvalho Torres‐Pereira Cassius 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSystemic medications categorized as diphenylhydantoin, calcineurin inhibitor and calcium channel blocker may have effects on the oral cavity by modifying the inflammatory and immune response and causing undesired tissue proliferative reactions. Calcineurin inhibitors are medications commonly used for long periods in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and solid organ transplantation. Medication‐related fibrovascular hyperplasia (MRFH) is an extra gingival hyperplastic nodular growth associated with medications use. This study reports five cases of pediatric patients (6 to 12‐years‐old) diagnosed with Fanconi anemia (FA) after HSCT who presented similar oral mucosal lesions associated with the use of cyclosporine, phenobarbital and amlodipine. After excision of the lesions, histopathological analysis described them as pyogenic granuloma (PG). As the aetiology of the lesions manifested by the patients was associated with the use of medications, the final diagnosis was MRFH. Despite the clinical and histopathological similarity between PG and MRFH, it is fundamental to know the aetiological agent for achieving definitive diagnosis and correct management. Considering the etiologic agent (medication) and histopathological findings, it is suggested that the most appropriate term for this manifestation should be “medication‐related fibrovascular hyperplasia”. The correct nomenclature related to extra gingival hyperplastic lesions identified in patients on medications with potential to induce hyperplastic reactions should be adopted to facilitate scientific communication and improve the treatment.
Corba-Based Collaboration in a Virtual Assembly Design Environment
Authors: Jayaram Uma , Jayaram Sankar , Yang Yong , Lyons Kevin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The use of virtual environments to plan and evaluate assembly processes has been gaining significant acceptance in the engineering community. The prohibitive costs of immersive virtual environments and the availability of the internet have brought to the forefront the need for methods for sharing the virtual environment during the assembly evaluation process. This will support true collaborative engineering. This paper presents the design and implementation of a CORBA-based distributed virtual assembly environment. The architecture is based on capturing key states and events in the virtual assembly process. This collaborative environment is based on the VADE system created at Washington State University. Test cases were conducted using this system and the results are presented in this paper.
Sketching Free-Forms in Semi-Immersive Virtual Environments
Authors: Stork André , Schimpke Oliver , de Amicis Raffaele 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In spite of the widely used sophisticated software tools for mechanical design, serious difficulties are encountered in the styling phase of the design process when free-form surfaces (shortly free-forms) have to be modelled. In this paper we extend the ideas of Sachs19 pioneering 3-Draw which allowed curve sketching in 3D space in several ways: we support the creation of NURBS surfaces (not only curves), we use a semi-immersive environment centered around a table-like stereoscopic back-projection display (also know as Virtual Table or Responsive Workbench16) and we give the user an immediate preview while he sketches free-form surface.
This combination of features makes our approach unique in comparison to similar systems. Some of them only work on polyhedral models and others are restricted to indirect 3D interaction with control points. Our approach follows the Walk-Up VR concept: the user can just step in front of a Virtual Table and work on his task intuitively.
A Software Tool for WWW-Based Learning of Multibody Kinematics
Authors: Galletti Carlo , Giannotti Elena 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this work we present a new software tool for helping students perform basic kinematic analysis using Internet. It allows students to model and analyze planar multibody systems with rigid bodies. Master objects that contain data and algorithms for modeling and analyzing rigid bodies and lower kinematic pairs have been developed following an object-oriented approach. The layouts of the objects are discussed and the way of instancing them for defining a model of a multibody system is described. The student can analyze interactively the model created in this way, using the software tool itself, or he can export it to the MAPLE code. From MAPLE the student can obtain, in an automatic way, numerical or closed-form solutions of the kinematic equations.
Enabling Collaborative Engineering With Computer Tools
Authors: Kitto Kathleen L. , McKell Eric K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Engineering Technology Department at Western Washington University has been using the integration of advanced Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) tools to enable a redesign of the curriculum that uses a collaborative engineering approach similar to the environment used within our industrial counterparts. In today’s competitive global marketplace, those industrial organizations must produce higher quality, easier to manufacture and maintain parts in shorter periods of time. Products are most often created in concurrent engineering or collaborative business environments where rapid sharing of information is the very essence of modern engineering. In addition, the widespread use and availability of the Internet has changed the nature of engineering data management and exchange. Therefore, CAE tools must enable engineers, analysts, technologists and designers to do their jobs more efficiently in a world where time to market is ever shortening. The best CAE tools increase productivity, because they are “smarter” tools. Only when the students are well versed in the multi-faceted collaborative engineering atmosphere and the accompanying modern CAE tools within the curriculum are they truly ready to become immediately productive in the workplace after graduation.
This paper first describes the collaborative engineering approach used in the curriculum within the Engineering Technology Department during the past two years. It then describes the use of CAE tools used in the collaborative engineering approach in departmental projects. Next, it details the classes that have been specifically enabled by the use CAE tools including Engineering Design Graphics I, Engineering Design Graphics II, Numerical Control Operations, Advanced Computer Numerical Control (CNC), Tool Design, and Computer Integrated Manufacturing (which includes rapid prototyping and finite element analysis). The final section of the paper outlines future plans for enhancing the curriculum further in both the integration of computer tools and the continued development of continuing cross-disciplinary projects based on careful outcomes assessment and feedback from industrial advisory boards and professional societies.
A Requirement-Centered Design Support System for the Environmentally Conscious Product
Authors: Kurakawa Kei , Nakakoji Kumiyo , Kiriyama Takashi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We have developed the Green Browser to support a team of designers to collaboratively construct and share the product life cycle information for environmentally conscious design. We developed the ReqC model (Requirement-Centered Model) and the GLC model (Green Life-Cycle Model) for structuring design information in the Green Browser. The system allows the design team to construct the GLC model by chunking discourse and assigning types. It provides a visual presentation of the concept and scenario, and allows the user outside the team to share the model across different computer environments. We used Java2 and CORBA for system implementation. To test implementation of the system, we built a GLC model by using data collected in an industrial design project.
A General Mathematical Model for Whirlwind Milling Technique Machining Complex 3D Surfaces
Authors: Yi Xianzhong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Machining complex three-dimensional surfaces high-productively and effectively is a challenging task. The whirlwind milling technique is a new milling model proposed in this paper based on 5-axis CNC bed-type horizontal milling machine. Its milling cutter head is similar to a shallow disk, and its cutting lip consists of about two dozens of standard turning-tool cutters. It is easy for this whirlwind milling cutter to avoid gouging and tool interference because of its very narrow cutter width and sharp cutter tooth tip. Moreover, the machining strategy of this new technique is able to align principal curvatures of the machined surfaces with that of cutter tool rotational symmetric surface to generate a close fit. So, it can increase the metal removal rate (MMR) at the point of contact and enhance the milling productivity. The essential characteristics of this technique such as its working mechanism, kinematic relationship, fundamental milling equation and cutter location data, are discussed in details. The new proposed method has been used in practical process of manufacturing complex 3D surfaces in petroleum industry.
Processing the CAD Model of Sculptured Artifacts for Free-Form Thick-Layered Object Manufacturing
Authors: Horváth Imre , Rusák Zoltán , Broek Han J. , Douwes Bert 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Processing CAD models of large sized, structurally complex, and dominantly sculptured objects for free-form thick-layered object manufacturing (FF-TLOM) is a non-trivial task. Algorithmic support is needed, especially when the applicators of the FF-TLOM technology are not specialized experts. The research team of the authors has developed and programmed a system of such algorithms to prepare NURBS-based assembly models for layered manufacturing, but also to control both the cutting tool and the manufacturing equipment. This paper starts with a brief overview of the FF-TLOM technology and the concept of reducing a CAD model to fabrication elements. Then, it explains the high-level concepts supporting the algorithms, and presents the details of their operation. The logically linked system of algorithms is applied to find the best position for segmentation. The best segmentation orientation can be found in a computation-intensive, multi-criterion optimization process. It is difficult to simplify and speed up, for the valuation of the parameters of the objective function cannot be done without a preliminary computation of the segments and layers.
CMM Measurement Planning in FAPPS
Authors: Ha Sungdo , Hwang Inshik , Park Myon Woong , Rho Hyung-Min 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
FAPPS (Feature-based Automatic Process Planning System) is developed as a comprehensive metal cutting process planning system operated in PC environments. It can recognize the machining features automatically from a given 3D part design model, and then generates operation sheets, divided process drawings, NC codes, and inspection sheet. It consists of the following modules: tolerance input module for menu-driven input of tolerances, feature recognition module for automatic recognition of pre-defined machining features and compound features, process planning module for rule based determination of machining processes, divided process drawing module for automatic generation of divided process drawings, operation planning module for rule based generation of specific operation plans, and measurement planning module for automatic generation of CMM measurement plans.
The CMM measurement planning in FAPPS uses both geometric information and tolerance information from CAD files in order to determine measurement surfaces, number and positions of measurement points, and measurement sequences for inspecting machined parts. The measurement plan is represented in DMIS format for automated measurements using CMM’s. The measurement planning module that is realized in FAPPS is explained in this paper with the developed algorithms. Fuzzy logic calculation is used to determine the number of measurement points and geometric consideration for selecting measurement positions is performed.
G1 Continuity of C-Bezier Rectangular Surfaces
Authors: Wen Manhong , Ting Kwun-Lon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper probes G1 continuity between two adjacent c-Bezier rectangular patches. The necessary and sufficient conditions are derived. It shows that the coplanar condition for G1 continuity of two adjacent Bezier patches is not necessary for c-Bezier patches. Such a relaxation of constraints on control points is beneficial from vector weights of c-Bezier surfaces, which leads to two extra free design parameters for each control point. C-Bezier surfaces offer the possibility of obtaining G1 continuity by just adjusting the weights, which greatly simplifies the design to construct composite surfaces.
Smoothness of C-Bezier Curves
Authors: Wen Manhong , Ting Kwun-Lon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents G1 and G2 continuity conditions of c-Bezier curves. It shows that the collinear condition for G1 continuity of Bezier curves is generally no longer necessary for c-Bezier curves. Such a relaxation of constraints on control points is beneficial from the structure of c-Bezier curves. By using vector weights, each control point has two extra free design parameters, which offer the probability of obtaining G1 and G2 continuity by only adjusting the weights if the control points are properly distributed. The enlargement of control point distribution region greatly simplifies the design procedure to and enhances the shape control on constructing composite curves.
Finite Element Analysis and Fuzzy Logic Control of a Levitated Droplet
Authors: Ciocirlan Bogdan O. , Beale David G. , Marghitu Dan B. , Overfelt Ruel A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the electromagnetic levitator at Space Power Institute at Auburn University is analyzed via finite element method. The electromagnetic field quantities were calculated for various geometric parameters and source conditions. The results of the analysis were used in the design process of a fuzzy logic controller designed to stabilize the motion of the levitated samples. The fuzzy logic control scheme and the control program are also presented.
Development of a Design Sensitivity Analysis Technique for Explicit Finite Element Software With Applications in Crashworthiness
Authors: Stillman Douglas W. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Design Sensitivity Analysis (DSA) is a widely used technique in many areas of finite element analysis, but one that hasn’t yet become available for industrial problems in crashworthiness and automotive safety. In the following effort, an implementation of DSA in the automotive safety simulation program, Radioss, is described. Radioss is a non-linear structures program using an explicit time integration method. A full set of DSA equations are developed and integrated into Radioss so that the design sensitivities can be computed directly and accurately as a result of a single crashworthiness simulation. Some validation results are included. The resulting methodology promises to be an extremely useful tool for engineers involved in the design of safety and crashworthiness of automobiles.
Product Design Selection Under Uncertainty and With Competitive Advantage
Authors: Li Hui , Azarm Shapour 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an approach wherein product design is viewed as a selection process with two main stages: design alternative generation and design alternative evaluation. The focus of this paper is mainly on a design alternative evaluation model in that designer’s preferences, customers’ preferences, and market competition are accounted for in order to select the best possible design. In the model, uncertainties in the product design life, market size and its yearly change, cost and its yearly change, price, and discount rate are considered. Product design selection of a cordless screwdriver is used as a demonstration example. However, the emphasis in the example is on the approach, and not on the details per se.
Exploring the Design Tradeoffs and Computational Savings of Executing Vehicle Simulations in a Parallel Computing Environment
Authors: Hacker Kurt , Kasprzak Edward M. , Lewis Kemper 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we present an approach for the optimization of a racecar using vehicle dynamics simulation in a parallel-computing environment. The use of vehicle dynamics simulations in the automotive and auto racing industries is widespread. Complex vehicle simulations can include hundreds of parameters and be very computationally expensive to perform. This limits the number of design configurations that can be considered within a reasonable time, preventing thorough exploration of the design space. It also limits the usefulness of these simulations during the course a race weekend when time is of the essence. In this paper, we present the initial results from work to overcome this problem. By using distributed computing, the number of vehicle configurations that can be considered as well as the fidelity of the simulation can increase while keeping the execution time reasonable. The results focus on both the computational savings possible and the improved ability of the designer to make effective decisions due to the huge increase in the amount of design information available. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach the optimization of two vehicles will be considered, a two-design variable model and three-design variable model. These results are compared to previous results that were obtained executing the code on a single processor. Good speedup and excellent scalability is observed as the number of processors is increased from 2 to 32.