bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment outcome of oral appliance in patients with REM-related obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Nishio Yoshitomo , Hoshino Tetsuro , Murotani Kenta , Furuhashi Akifumi , Baku Masayo , Sasanabe Ryujiro , Kazaoka Yoshiaki , Shiomi Toshiaki 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Oral appliances (OA) are used to treat patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of OA treatment in patients with rapid eye movement (REM)–related OSA.

Methods
Forty-six patients with REM-related OSA and 107 with non-stage-specific OSA were prescribed OA treatment after diagnosis by polysomnography (PSG) and a follow-up sleep test by PSG was conducted. Efficacy and treatment outcome predictors were evaluated according to the following criteria for treatment success: #1, reduction of the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) to less than 5 and > 50% compared with baseline; #2, AHI reduction to less than 10 and > 50% compared with baseline; and #3, > 50% AHI reduction compared with baseline.

Results
Success rates according to criteria #1, #2, and #3 were 45.7%, 50.0%, and 50.0% in REM-related OSA and 36.4%, 52.3%, and 63.6% in non-stage-specific OSA, respectively. No significant differences in success rate were found between the two groups. In multivariate logistic regression analysis with each criterion as the response variable, only BMI was extracted as a significant predictor. The BMI cutoff values defined based on the maximum Youden index according to the three criteria were 26.2 kg/m2, 25.6 kg/m2, and 26.2 kg/m2, respectively.

Conclusions
No significant differences in success rate of OA treatment were found between REM-related OSA and non-stage-specific OSA. BMI has greater impact on treatment outcome of OA in patients with REM-related OSA.
Soil and entomopathogenic fungi with potential for biodegradation of insecticides: degradation of flubendiamide in vivo by fungi and in vitro by laccase
Authors: Yada George M. , Shiraishi Igor S. , Dekker Robert F. H. , Schirmann Jéseka G. , Barbosa-Dekker Aneli M. , de Araujo Isabela C. , Abreu Lucas M. , Daniel Juliana F. S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
Flubendiamide is a highly toxic and persistent insecticide that causes loss of insect muscle functions leading to paralysis and death. The objective was to screen for filamentous fungi in soils where insecticides had been applied, to isolate entomopathogenic fungi from insect larva (Anticarsia gemmatalis) that infest soybean crops, and to use these in biodegradation of insecticides.

Method
Filamentous fungi were isolated from soils, and growth inhibition was evaluated on solid medium containing commercial insecticides, Belt® (flubendiamide) and Actara® (thiamethoxam). A total of 133 fungi were isolated from soil and 80 entomopathogenic fungi from insect larva. Based on growth inhibition tests, ten soil fungi, 2 entomopathogenic fungi, and Botryosphaeria rhodina MAMB-05 (reference standard) were selected for growth on commercial insecticides in solid media. Fungi were grown in submerged fermentation on media containing commercial insecticides and assayed for laccase activity.

Result
Isolates JUSOLCL039 (soil), JUANT070 (insect), and MAMB-05 performed best, and were respectively inhibited by 48.41%, 75.97%, and 79.23% when cultivated on 35 g/L Actara®, and 0.0, 5.42%, and 43.39% on 39.04 g/L Belt®. JUSOLCL039 and JUANT070 were molecularly identified as Trichoderma koningiopsis and Neurospora sp., respectively. The three fungal isolates produced laccase constitutively, albeit at low activities. Fungal growth on pure flubendiamide and thiamethoxam resulted in only thiamethoxam inducing high laccase titers (10.16 U/mL) by JUANT070. Neurospora sp. and B. rhodina degraded flubendiamide by 27.4% and 9.5% in vivo, while a crude laccase from B. rhodina degraded flubendiamide by 20.2% in vitro.

Conclusion
This is the first report of fungi capable of degrading flubendiamide, which have applications in bioremediation.
Onset of the Younger Dryas Recorded with 14C at Annual Resolution in French Subfossil Trees
Authors: Capano Manuela , Miramont Cécile , Shindo Lisa , Guibal Frédéric , Marschal Christian , Kromer Bernd , Tuna Thibaut , Bard Edouard 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTSubfossil trees with their annual rings constitute the most accurate and precise archive to calibrate the radiocarbon (14C) method. The Holocene part of the IntCal curve is based on tree-ring chronologies, absolutely dated by dendrochronological matching. For the Northern Hemisphere, the absolute curve starts at 12,325 cal BP. For the early part of the Younger Dryas (YD) climatic event (≈ 12,850–11,650 cal BP), there are only a few floating dendrochronological sequences, mainly from Switzerland and France. We present new 14C results from subfossil trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) collected from the Barbiers site (southeast French Alps). The dendrochronological series covers 416 years, corresponding to the onset of the YD period. In order to date our sequence, we matched it with the 14C record based on kauri trees from New Zealand. The Barbiers data were first averaged at the same decadal resolution as the kauri record. Statistical comparison of the different averaging options and matching techniques enables dating the Barbiers sequence to 13,008–12,594 ±10 cal BP, which thus includes the boundary between the Allerød and YD events. The new Barbiers record allows to calculate the 14C inter-hemispheric gradient (14C-IHG) during the period overlapping the kauri sequence. For the optimal dating option, the mean 14C-IHG is 37 yr with a standard deviation (SD) of 21 yr based on 43 decadal estimations (−6‰ with SD of 2‰). The 14C-IHG record exhibits minimal values, down to zero, between 12,960–12,840 cal BP. Excluding these minima leads to an average 14C-IHG of 45 yr with a SD of 14 yr based on 33 decadal values, in agreement with observations for the last two millennia. The Barbiers record suggests a 14C-IHG increase between the end of the Allerød period (IHG of 37 yr with SD of 14 yr) and the early part of the YD (IHG of 48 yr with SD of 14 yr), which is compatible with previously reported drop of deep-water convection in the North-Atlantic and the associated increase in wind-driven upwelling in the Southern Ocean.
Inverse Kinematics of Redundant Manipulators Formulated as Quadratic Programming Optimization Problem Solved Using Recurrent Neural Networks: A Review
Authors: Hassan Ahmed A. , El-Habrouk Mohamed , Deghedie Samir 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARYThe Inverse Kinematics (IK) problem of manipulators can be divided into two distinct steps: (1)Problem formulation,where the problem is developed into a form which can then be solved using various methods. (2)Problem solution,where the IK problem is actually solved by producing the values of different joint space variables (joint angles, joint velocities or joint accelerations). The main focus of this paper is concentrated on the discussion of the IK problem of redundant manipulators, formulated as a quadratic programming optimization problem solved by different kinds of recurrent neural networks.
‘O Strange Transformation!’ The Monologue from Act II Scene 5 of Lully and Quinault'sArmide(1686) and the Retelling of Tasso in France
Authors: Bane Michael A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the famous monologue from Act II scene 5 of Lully and Quinault'sArmide(1686), the title character attempts to slay the sleeping hero Renaud but, overcome by his beauty, falls in love with him instead. As commentators have noted, the monologue departs from the opera's source material, Tasso's epic poemLa Gerusalemme liberata(1581). In contrast to the placid scene recounted by Tasso in canto 14 of the original work, the libretto depicts Armide's transformation from enemy to lover as a moment of struggle and psychological doubt. While scholarship has generally credited Quinault with having recognised the dramatic potential of the encounter, this article argues for a broader contextualisation of the scene in seventeenth-century French artistic production. A review of the major translations and adaptations of Tasso's poem published in France before 1686 reveals that Quinault's libretto represents not a decisive break with the past but rather one contribution to a much broader tradition of literary and musical experimentation.
Meltwater Intrusions Reveal Mechanisms for Rapid Submarine Melt at a Tidewater Glacier
Authors: Jackson R. H. , Nash J. D. , Kienholz C. , Sutherland D. A. , Amundson J. M. , Motyka R. J. , Winters D. , Skyllingstad E. , Pettit E. C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSubmarine melting has been implicated as a driver of glacier retreat and sea level rise, but to date melting has been difficult to observe and quantify. As a result, melt rates have been estimated from parameterizations that are largely unconstrained by observations, particularly at the near‐vertical termini of tidewater glaciers. With standard coefficients, these melt parameterizations predict that ambient melting (the melt away from subglacial discharge outlets) is negligible compared to discharge‐driven melting for typical tidewater glaciers. Here, we present new data from LeConte Glacier, Alaska, that challenges this paradigm. Using autonomous kayaks, we observe ambient meltwater intrusions that are ubiquitous within 400 m of the terminus, and we provide the first characterization of their properties, structure, and distribution. Our results suggest that ambient melt rates are substantially higher (×100) than standard theory predicts and that ambient melting is a significant part of the total submarine melt flux. We explore modifications to the prevalent melt parameterization to provide a path forward for improved modeling of ocean‐glacier interactions.
Optical Modeling of Black Carbon With Different Coating Materials: The Effect of Coating Configurations
Authors: Luo Jie , Zhang Qixing , Luo Jianfei , Liu Jia , Huo Yinuo , Zhang Yongming 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this work, an assembly of coating structures is generated for coated black carbon (BC) based on two different coating methods with limited tunable parameters. By defining typical parameters, the proposed coating structures show great agreement with the detailed morphologies of coated BC particles in the atmosphere. Our models can accurately reproduce the measured linear backscattering depolarization ratio (LDR). We noticed that BC with spherical coatings (Configuration E) has difficulty estimating large LDRs, while the ability to reproduce a large LDR is improved by making the coating structure slightly nonspherical (Configuration C). Our models also show a better performance in reproducing the laboratory‐measured absorption enhancement (Eabs), mass absorption/scattering cross sections, and absorption Ångström exponent than the simplified models. In addition, sizable uncertainties in the optical properties of coated BC with different coating configurations are found. The uncertainties in the LDR, Eabs, mass absorption cross section, and absorption Ångström exponent caused by the coating configurations can reach approximately 220%, 35%, 90%, and 20%, respectively. Therefore, complex coating structures should be carefully considered. In this work, various coating structures are represented by limited tunable parameters, which is beneficial to the parameterization of the optical properties of BC with a complex coating structure. Our models can also provide tools for exploring the agreement between calculations and measurements.
Heterogeneity and efficacy of antipsychotic treatment for schizophrenia with or without treatment resistance: a meta-analysis
Authors: Mizuno Yuya , McCutcheon Robert A. , Brugger Stefan P. , Howes Oliver D. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo important clinical questions are whether there is a subtype of schizophrenia which responds differently to clozapine relative to other antipsychotics, and whether greater efficacy of clozapine is dependent on the degree of treatment-resistance. The authors address this by examining both variability and magnitude of response in patients treated with clozapine and other antipsychotics for both treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) and non-resistant schizophrenia. Double-blind randomised controlled trials comparing clozapine with other antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia were identified using five databases. Standard deviations and means of change in total, positive, and negative symptoms were extracted. Variability ratio (VR) and coefficient of variation ratio (CVR) were used to quantify relative variability in symptom change. Hedges’gwas used to quantify mean differences. Ten TRS studies (n = 822) and 29 non-TRS studies (n = 2566) were meta-analysed. Relative variability in change of total symptoms did not differ significantly between clozapine and other antipsychotics in TRS studies (VR = 1.84; 95%CI, 0.85–4.02). These findings were similar with CVR, and for positive and negative symptoms. Clozapine was superior to other antipsychotics in improving total symptoms in both TRS (g = 0.34; 95%CI, 0.13–0.56) and non-TRS (g = 0.20; 95%CI, 0.08–0.32) studies. Furthermore, clozapine was superior in improving positive symptoms in both study groups, but not for negative symptoms. Pooled effect sizes showed no significant difference between TRS and non-TRS studies. These findings do not support a subtype of schizophrenia which responds specifically to clozapine. Clozapine is more effective than other antipsychotics irrespective of treatment-resistance, arguing for its use more generally in schizophrenia. PROSPERO CRD42018086507
Positive allosteric modulation of P2X7 promotes apoptotic cell death over lytic cell death responses in macrophages
Authors: Bidula Stefan , Dhuna Kshitija , Helliwell Ray , Stokes Leanne 
Published: November 2019

AbstractP2X7 is an ATP-gated ion channel that is highly expressed by leukocytes, such as macrophages. Here, P2X7 has been demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of various cell death pathways; including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. However, cell death induction via P2X7 is complex and is reliant upon the nature of the stimulus, the duration of the stimulus, and the cell type investigated. Previous reports state that high extracellular ATP concentrations promote osmotic lysis, but whether positive allosteric modulation of P2X7 in the presence of lower concentrations of ATP condemns cells to the same fate is unknown. In this study, we compared cell death induced by high ATP concentrations, to cell death induced by compound K, a recently identified and potent positive allosteric modulator of P2X7. Based on our observations, we propose that high ATP concentrations induce early cell swelling, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, plasma membrane rupture, and LDH release. Conversely, positive allosteric modulation of P2X7 primarily promotes an intrinsic apoptosis pathway. This was characterised by an increase in mitochondrial Ca2+, accelerated production of mitochondrial ROS, loss of mitochondrial membrane permeability in a Bax-dependent manner, the potential involvement of caspase-1, and caspase-3, and significantly accelerated kinetics of caspase-3 activation. This study highlights the ability of positive allosteric modulators to calibrate P2X7-dependent cell death pathways and may have important implications in modulating the antimicrobial immune response and in the resolution of inflammation.
Strain-induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and Gilbert damping of Tm3Fe5O12 thin films
Authors: Ciubotariu Oana , Semisalova Anna , Lenz Kilian , Albrecht Manfred 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the attempt of implementing iron garnets with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) in spintronics, the attention turned towards strain-grown iron garnets. One candidate is Tm3Fe5O12 (TmIG) which possesses an out-of-plane magnetic easy axis when grown under tensile strain. In this study, the effect of film thickness on the structural and magnetic properties of TmIG films including magnetic anisotropy, saturation magnetization, and Gilbert damping is investigated. TmIG films with thicknesses between 20 and 300 nm are epitaxially grown by pulsed laser deposition on substituted-Gd3Ga5O12(111) substrates. Structural characterization shows that films thinner than 200 nm show in-plane tensile strain, thus exhibiting PMA due to strain-induced magnetoelastic anisotropy. However, with increasing film thickness a relaxation of the unit cell is observed resulting in the rotation of the magnetic easy axis towards the sample plane due to the dominant shape anisotropy. Furthermore, the Gilbert damping parameter is found to be in the range of 0.02 ± 0.005.
Decreased thermal tolerance under recurrent heat stress conditions explains summer mass mortality of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis
Authors: Seuront Laurent , Nicastro Katy R. , Zardi Gerardo I. , Goberville Eric 
Published: November 2019

AbstractExtreme events such as heat waves have increased in frequency and duration over the last decades. Under future climate scenarios, these discrete climatic events are expected to become even more recurrent and severe. Heat waves are particularly important on rocky intertidal shores, one of the most thermally variable and stressful habitats on the planet. Intertidal mussels, such as the blue musselMytilus edulis, are ecosystem engineers of global ecological and economic importance, that occasionally suffer mass mortalities. This study investigates the potential causes and consequences of a mass mortality event ofM. edulisthat occurred along the French coast of the eastern English Channel in summer 2018. We used an integrative, climatological and ecophysiological methodology based on three complementary approaches. We first showed that the observed mass mortality (representing 49 to 59% of the annual commercial value of local recreational and professional fisheries combined) occurred under relatively moderate heat wave conditions. This result indicates thatM. edulisbody temperature is controlled by non-climatic heat sources instead of climatic heat sources, as previously reported for intertidal gastropods. Using biomimetic loggers (i.e. ‘robomussels’), we identified four periods of 5 to 6 consecutive days whenM. edulisbody temperatures consistently reached more than 30 °C, and occasionally more than 35 °C and even more than 40 °C. We subsequently reproduced these body temperature patterns in the laboratory to inferM. edulisthermal tolerance under conditions of repeated heat stress. We found that thermal tolerance consistently decreased with the number of successive daily exposures. These results are discussed in the context of an era of global change where heat events are expected to increase in intensity and frequency, especially in the eastern English Channel where the low frequency of commercially exploitable mussels already questions both their ecological and commercial sustainability.
Multi-scale observations of thermal non-equilibrium cycles in coronal loops
Authors: Froment C. , Antolin P. , Henriques V. M. J. , Kohutova P. , Rouppe van der Voort L. H. M. 
Published: November 2019

Context. Thermal non-equilibrium (TNE) is a phenomenon that can occur in solar coronal loops when the heating is quasi-constant and highly-stratified. Under such heating conditions, coronal loops undergo cycles of evaporation and condensation. The recent observations of ubiquitous long-period intensity pulsations in coronal loops and their relationship with coronal rain have demonstrated that understanding the characteristics of TNE cycles is an essential step in constraining the circulation of mass and energy in the corona.
Aims. We report unique observations with the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST) that link the captured thermal properties across the extreme spatiotemporal scales covered by TNE processes.
Methods. Within the same coronal loop bundle, we captured 6 h period coronal intensity pulsations in SDO/AIA and coronal rain observed off-limb in the chromospheric Hα and Ca II K spectral lines with SST/CRISP and SST/CHROMIS. We combined a multi-thermal analysis of the cycles with AIA and an extensive spectral characterisation of the rain clumps with the SST.
Results. We find clear evidence of evaporation-condensation cycles in the corona which are linked with periodic coronal rain showers. The high-resolution spectroscopic instruments at the SST reveal the fine-structured rain strands and allow us to probe the cooling phase of one of the cycles down to chromospheric temperatures.
Conclusions. These observations reinforce the link between long-period intensity pulsations and coronal rain. They also demonstrate the capability of TNE to shape the dynamics of active regions on the large scales as well as on the smallest scales currently resolvable.
La luminescence : un bref éclairage sur une méthode de datation pour l’archéologie
Authors: Guibert Pierre 
Published: November 2019

La datation par luminescence repose sur la capacité des minéraux à stocker l’énergie provenant des particules émises par la radioactivité naturelle. Il est ainsi possible de dater la dernière exposition à la lumière d’un minéral ou encore son dernier chauffage.Nous présentons ici les bases physiques et les récents développements de cette méthode de datation, plus proche de la réalité des situations archéologiques, telle que la prise en compte des effets de l’altération des objets dans le sol. L’analyse d’un grain unique permet de dater des évènements correspondant à une brève exposition du grain à la lumière, comme la fabrication des mortiers de construction.
Public opinion in Slovakia about physical punishment of children
Authors: Uhnakova Dominika , Levicka Jana 
Published: November 2019

Not so long ago, when the issue of physical punishment of children was not discussed at all. Progress occurred in the second half of the 20th century when children began to be perceived as authentic and legally protected beings. Over the past two decades we have seen an international shift in perspectives concerning the physical punishment of children. In 1990, research showing an association between physical punishment and negative developmental outcomes was starting to accumulate, and the Convention on the Rights of the Child had just been adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations. The aim of our research was to find out how citizens of the Slovak Republic perceive physical punishments of children and how they apply them in the educational process. We have found out whether opinions on physical punishments are varied according to gender, education and religion of respondents. The research has been conducted using a quantitative research strategy. In order to collect the data a questionnaire was used. The survey sample consisted of 168 respondents. The data obtained was processed and analyzed using the SPSS program. Significant differences were confirmed from the point of view of education – respondents with lower education preferred physical punishment more than respondents with higher education. It is important for parents, to realize that the use of educational methods, such as explanation, persuasion, demand, or personal example is the base for achieving educational goals.