bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced pain and analgesic use after acoustic binaural beats therapy in chronic pain ‐ A double‐blind randomized control cross‐over trial
Authors: Gkolias Vasileios , Amaniti Aikaterini , Triantafyllou Areti , Papakonstantinou Panagiota , Kartsidis Panagiotis , Paraskevopoulos Evangelos , Bamidis Panagiotis D. , Hadjileontiadis Leontios , Kouvelas Dimitrios 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundBinaural Beats (BB) consist of two artificial acoustic stimuli with different frequency, presented simultaneously but independently to each ear. The human brain perceives and synchronizes to this frequency difference (entrainment). Aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that brain entrainment to a lower function rhythm, with BB application, can decrease pain perception and analgesic medication use, in chronic pain patients.MethodsIn a double blind, randomized, cross‐over trial, BB at 5Hz (theta rhythm) were applied for 30 minutes, under simultaneous electroencephalogram recordings, followed by liberal, on demand use by chronic pain patients for a week, compared to sham stimulation (SS). Pain as the main outcome (numeric scale, NRS), stress (STAI) and medication usage (defined daily doses, DDD) were assessed at baseline, 30 minutes and week's end.ResultsPerceived pain (NRS) was significantly reduced in BB intervention (5.6±2.3 to 3.4±2.6, p<0.001), compared to SS (5.2±2.1 to 4.8±2.3, p=0.78), during the first 30‐minute phase, as well as at the week's end (to 3.9±2.5 compared to 5.5±2.6 respectively, p<0.001). The mean EEG theta power at 5Hz was significantly increased only during BB application. Stress was significantly reduced at 30 minutes in both interventions but remained reduced only in the BB group at the week's end. Analgesic medication consumption (DDD, g) during the week was significantly less in the BB intervention (3.9±3.7 vs. 4.6±4.1, p<0.05), while reporting equal to SS mean levels of pain.ConclusionsAcoustic BB reduced pain intensity, stress and analgesic use, compared to SS, in chronic pain patients.SignificanceThis study provides evidence that theta rhythm binaural beats can alleviate pain intensity, both after a brief 30 minute and a longer one week on‐demand intervention. The subsequent significant reduction in analgesic medication consumption in chronic pain patients' daily living could offer a valuable tool, augmenting the effect of existing pain therapies.
Standing up for whom? Targets’ different goals in the confrontation of discrimination
Authors: Munder Anja K. , Becker Julia C. , Christ Oliver 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe challenge the common interpretation of targets’ immediate confrontation in reaction to discrimination as self‐serving behavior and propose different underlying motivations for this phenomenon. In five online scenario studies (Noverall = 1,447), we demonstrate across different samples and contexts that targets indicate a distinct pursuit of the following self‐reported confrontation goals: individual‐benefit (e.g., perpetrator apologizes); group‐benefit (e.g., prejudice reduction); and distancing (e.g., demonstrating that one is different from typical group members). Furthermore, meaningful associations of the pursuits of individual‐benefitting goals and group‐benefitting goals with group identification, disidentification, and further collective action intentions indicate that they represent different confrontation motivations: Individual‐benefitting confrontation serves to cope with the individual mistreatment of discrimination, whereas group‐benefitting confrontation represents a form of collective action. Distancing goals were associated with disidentification and—unexpectedly—group identification. Our results show that the phenomenon of confrontation in reaction to discrimination can be the result of different underlying psychological processes.
Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits the biological activity of SGC‐7901
Authors: Yang Qing , Cai Ning , Che Daobiao , Chen Xing , Wang Dongliang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo explore the suppressive effects of ginsenoside Rg3 on the biological activities of gastric cancer and the mechanisms responsible therein, by conducting an in vitro study.Materials and MethodsSGC‐7901 gastric cancer cells were divided into NC, DMSO, Gin‐Low (10 mg/L), Gin‐Middle (20 mg/L), and Gin‐High (40 mg/L) groups. Using MTT, flow cytometry, transwell, and wound‐healing assays, the cell biological activities in the different groups were evaluated; the protein expression levels of PTEN, p‐PI3K, AKT, and P53 were measured by Western blot assay, and p‐PI3K nuclear volume was evaluated by immunofluorescence.ResultsThe SGC‐7901 cell proliferation rate was depressed significantly, and cell apoptosis increased significantly while cells were arrested in the G1 phase (p < .05) with ginsenoside Rg3 treatment in a dose‐dependent manner (p < .05). Meanwhile, the SGC‐7901 cell invasion number and wound‐healing rate of ginsenoside Rg3‐treated groups were significantly downregulated compared with those of the NC group, also in a dose‐dependent manner (p < .05). PTEN and P53 protein expression levels were significantly increased, and p‐PI3K and AKT protein expression levels were significantly depressed in ginsenoside Rg3‐treated groups in a dose‐dependent manner (p < .05).ConclusionGinsenoside Rg3 suppresses gastric cancer via regulation of the PTEN/p‐PI3K/AKT pathway.
Comparison of reactions with different calcium sources for CaCO3 production using carbonic anhydrase
Authors: Moon Dea Hyun , Eu Jun , Lee Wonhee , Kim Young Eun , Park Ki Tae , Ko You Na , Jeong Soon Kwan , Youn Min Hye 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of calcium sources with different solubilities and the carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme on carbonate mineralization reaction, and analyzed the reaction rate, the morphology of the formed precipitate, and the surface. The CO2 mineralization rate was affected by the rate of CO2 hydration and the rate of Ca ionization. For all of the calcium sources tested, CA improved the overall carbonate mineralization rate, but depending on the solubility of each calcium source, the reaction rates were in the order of CaCl2 > Ca(OH)2 > CaO. From CaCl2, calcium carbonate was generated rapidly. This was due to the high concentration of calcium ions in the solution because it was easily dissolved. But because of its high surface energy, calcite and vaterite coexisted. On the other hand, Ca(OH)2 and CaO had relatively low solubility and the rate of calcium carbonate production was slow, but after the reaction, CaCO3 with a calcite structure was formed. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Greenhouse gas emissions, grain yield and water productivity: a paddy rice field case study based in Myanmar
Authors: Win Ei Phyu , Win Kyaw Kyaw , Bellingrath‐Kimura Sonoko D. , Oo Aung Zaw 
Published: June 2020

AbstractClimate change is a vital environmental issue that significantly affects rice productivity. Rice paddy fields are one of the greatest anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. To evaluate the combined effects of manure amendment and water management on GHG emissions, grain yield and water productivity per rice yield in a lowland rice field with a sandy clay loam soil in Myanmar, this study was conducted with a split‐plot design. Two water management practices (continuous flooding [CF] and alternate wetting and drying [AWD]) and four levels of cow dung manure (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 t ha−1) were applied with three replications in the dry (February–May) and wet (July–October) seasons in 2017. In the dry season, significantly higher cumulative methane (CH4) emissions (50.5%) were recorded in CF than in AWD, while cumulative nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions were 70% higher in AWD than in CF, although the difference was not significant. Manure application showed no effect on CH4 and N2O emissions compared with the no‐manure control, irrespective of application level. In the wet season, significantly higher cumulative CH4 emissions (65.2%) were again recorded in CF than in AWD; however, the cumulative N2O emissions were similar between CF and AWD. Methane and N2O emissions in the wet season were 65.8 and 35.8% higher, respectively, than those in the dry season. In both seasons, higher grain yields (1.8% in dry and 7.6% in wet) and higher water productivity (130% in dry and 31% in wet) were recorded in AWD than in CF. Increased grain yields (18.9% in dry and 7.7% in wet) and water productivity (25.5% in dry and 15.8% in wet) were recorded in the manure treatments compared to those in the no‐manure treatment. This study presents quantitative data on how manure amendment and water management affected GHG emissions in a paddy field in Myanmar. © 2020 The Authors. Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology published by Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Primary Treatment with Molecular‐Targeted Agents for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score‐matching Analysis
Authors: Nakano Masahito , Kuromatsu Ryoko , Niizeki Takashi , Okamura Shusuke , Iwamoto Hideki , Shimose Shigeo , Shirono Tomotake , Noda Yu , Kamachi Naoki , Koga Hironori , Torimura Takuji ,   The Kurume Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan
Published: June 2020

Sorafenib and lenvatinib, as molecular‐targeted agents, constitute effective primary treatment options for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the choice of optimal primary treatment agent remains controversial. Here, we aimed to assess the respective outcomes between these agents as primary treatment in patients with advanced HCC through use of propensity score–matching analysis (PSMA). We enrolled 670 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with advanced HCC and received sorafenib (n = 524) or lenvatinib (n = 146) as the primary treatment among 18 participating institutions between May 2009 and October 2019. To reduce confounding, we used PSMA regarding seven variables related to advanced HCC prognosis, resulting in the selection of 292 patients (n = 146 for each agent). Following PSMA, no significant difference was observed in the outcome of overall survival time between patients treated with sorafenib or lenvatinib (median survival time 15.3 or 14.9 months, respectively; P = 0.2358). Patients treated with lenvatinib exhibited significantly greater therapeutic effects (response rate: 5% and 31%; disease control rate: 46% and 69% for sorafenib and lenvatinib, respectively; P < 0.0001), but showed significantly lower probability of transition to secondary treatment (sorafenib, 60%; lenvatinib, 45%; P < 0.0269) and higher any adverse events rate (sorafenib, 86%; lenvatinib, 95%; P = 0.0207). Conclusion: As a primary molecular‐targeted agent–based treatment for advanced HCC, our findings suggested that sorafenib is generally appropriate as it offers significantly lower frequency of adverse events and higher probability of transition to secondary treatment, in consideration of the enhanced postprogression survival mediated by sequential treatment. Alternatively, lenvatinib affords a significantly higher therapeutic effect and should be used when immediate tumor reduction is required.
Association of genomic variants at the human leukocyte antigen locus with cervical cancer risk, HPV status and gene expression levels
Authors: Ramachandran Dhanya , Schürmann Peter , Mao Qianqian , Wang Yingying , Bretschneider Lisa‐Marie , Speith Lisa‐Marie , Hülse Fabienne , Enßen Julia , Bousset Kristine , Jentschke Matthias , Böhmer Gerd , Strauß Hans‐Georg , Hirchenhain Christine , Schmidmayr Monika , Tarbiat Johanna , Runnebaum Ingo , Dürst Matthias , Hein Alexander , Koch Martin , Ruebner Matthias , Ekici Arif , Beckmann Matthias W. , Fasching Peter A. , Luyten Alexander , Petry Karl‐Ulrich , Hillemanns Peter , Dörk Thilo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus on chromosome 6 has been reported to be associated with cervical cancer. We investigated two independent single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in a large case‐control series of cervical dysplasia and carcinoma that has been newly established by the German Cervigen Consortium, comprising a total of 2481 cases and 1556 healthy females. We find significant associations for both variants, rs9272117 at HLA‐DQA1 and rs2844511 at MICA and HCP5, with cervical disease. Both variants showed evidence of association with invasive cervical cancer (rs9272117: OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.79‐0.99, P = .036; rs2844511: OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.04‐1.31, P = .008) and with high‐grade dysplasia (rs9272117: OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.70‐0.87, P = 7.1 × 10−6; rs2844511: OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01‐1.26, P = .035), as well as in a combined analysis of both groups (rs9272117: OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.75‐0.91, P = 6.9 × 10−5; rs2844511: OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04‐1.26, P = .005). Variant rs2844511, but not rs9272117, also showed modest evidence of association with low‐grade dysplasia (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.04‐1.54, P = .019). In case‐only analyses, rs2844511 tended to predict HPV status (P = .044) and rs9272117 tended to associate with HPV16 (P = .022). RNA studies in cervical samples showed a significant correlation in the transcript levels of MICA, HCP5 and HLA‐DQA1, suggesting extensive co‐regulation. All three genes were upregulated in HPV16‐positive samples. In stratified analyses, rs9272117 was associated with HLA‐DQA1 levels, specifically in HPV‐positive samples, while rs2844511 was associated with MICA and HCP5 levels. The risk allele of rs2844511 was required for correlations between MICA or HCP5 with HLA‐DQA1. Altogether, our results support 6p21.32‐33 as the first consistent cervical cancer susceptibility locus and provide evidence for a link between genetic risk variants, HPV16 status and transcript levels of HLA‐DQA1, HCP5 and MICA, which may contribute to tumor immune evasion.
Tick size and market quality: Simulations based on agent‐based artificial stock markets
Authors: Yang Xinhui , Zhang Jie , Ye Qing 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThis paper investigates the way that minimum tick size affects market quality based on an agent‐based artificial stock market. Our results indicate that stepwise and combination systems can promote market quality in certain aspects, compared with a uniform system. A minimal combination system performed the best to improve market quality. This is the first study to analyse tick size systems that remain at the theory stage and compare four types of system under the same experimental environment. The results suggests that a minimal combination system could be considered a new direction for market policy reform to improve market quality.
Regular Supplementation With Resveratrol Improves Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Wong Rachel HX , Thaung Zaw Jay Jay , Xian Cory J , Howe Peter RC 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTResveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol in red grapes and berries, can act as a phytoestrogen. It has been shown to improve both systemic and cerebral circulatory functions, possibly through activation of endothelial estrogen receptors. in vitro and in vivo studies in rodent models also indicate a bone-protective role for resveratrol, particularly in ovariectomized rat models that mimic postmenopausal osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency. Hypothesizing a circulatory benefit of resveratrol in bone tissue, we investigated whether resveratrol supplementation could improve bone health in postmenopausal women. The Resveratrol for Healthy Aging in Women (RESHAW) trial was a 24-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover intervention conducted to evaluate the effects of resveratrol (75 mg twice daily) on cognition, cerebrovascular function, bone health, cardiometabolic markers, and well-being in postmenopausal women. After 12 months of supplementation with resveratrol versus placebo, there were positive effects on bone density in the lumbar spine (+0.016 ± 0.003 g/cm2) and neck of femur (+0.005 ± 0.002 g/cm2), which were accompanied by a 7.24% reduction in C-terminal telopeptide type-1 collagen levels, a bone resorption marker, compared with placebo. The increase in bone mineral density in the femoral neck resulted in an improvement in T-score (+0.070 ± 0.018) and a reduction in the 10-year probability of major and hip fracture risk. The magnitude of improvement was higher in women with poor bone health biomarker status. Importantly, the improvement in femoral neck T-score with resveratrol correlated with improvement in perfusion. Our subanalysis also revealed that the bone-protective benefit of resveratrol was greater in participants who supplemented with vitamin D plus calcium. Regular supplementation with 75 mg of resveratrol twice daily has the potential to slow bone loss in the lumbar spine and femoral neck, common fracture sites in postmenopausal women without overt osteoporosis. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Age-, Site-, and Sex-Specific Normative Centile Curves for HR-pQCT-Derived Microarchitectural and Bone Strength Parameters in a Chinese Mainland Population
Authors: Yu Fan , Xu Yuping , Hou Yanfang , Lin Yuanyuan , Jiajue Ruizhi , Jiang Yan , Wang Ou , Li Mei , Xing Xiaoping , Zhang Li , Qin Ling , Hsieh Evelyn , Xia Weibo 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) is an advanced 3D imaging technology that has the potential to contribute to fracture risk assessment and early diagnosis of osteoporosis. However, to date no studies have sought to establish normative reference ranges for HR-pQCT measures among individuals from the Chinese mainland, significantly restricting its use. In this study, we collected HR-pQCT scans from 863 healthy Chinese men and women aged 20 to 80 years using the latest-generation scanner (Scanco XtremeCT II, Scanco Medical AG, Brüttisellen, Switzerland). Parameters including volumetric bone mineral density, bone geometry, bone microarchitecture, and bone strength were evaluated. Age-, site-, and sex-specific centile curves were established using generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape with age as the only explanatory variable. Based on established models, age-related variations for different parameters were also quantified. For clinical purposes, the expected values of HR-pQCT parameters for a defined age and a defined percentile or Z-score were provided. We found that the majority of trabecular and bone strength parameters reached their peak at 20 years of age, regardless of sex and site, then declined steadily thereafter. However, most of the cortical bone loss was observed after the age of 50 years. Among the measures, cortical porosity changed most dramatically, and overall, changes were more notable at the radius than the tibia and among women compared with men. Establishing such normative HR-pQCT reference data will provide an important basis for clinical and research applications in mainland China aimed at elucidating microstructural bone damage driven by different disease states or nutritional status. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Comparative removal of imidacloprid, bisphenol‐S, and azithromycin with ferrate and FeCl3 and assessment of the resulting toxicity
Authors: Zhang Shaoqing , Jiang Jia‐Qian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDEmerging micro‐pollutants (EMPs) in water have received much attention due to their potential hazards to human health and ecological security. Ferrate has been researched in recent years to remove both particulate and dissolved impurities (including EMPs) from water, and its promising performance has been attributed to the high oxidation capacity and coagulation functions. However, limited research has compared ferrate with coagulation alone in the treatment of EMPs, which is one of the major objectives of this study.RESULTSThree emerging micro‐pollutants (EMPs), imidacloprid (IMP), bisphenol‐S (BS), and azithromycin (AZM) were chosen for this study. In all cases, ferrate outperformed to ferric chloride in the removal of the EMPs. For a given ferrate dose of 0.05 mM, 99% of BS, 85% of AZM, and 78% of IMP were removed for a start concentration of 10 μg L−1. However, if the start concentration was 1000 μg L−1, removal efficiency was decreased to 82% for BS, 62% for AZM, and 22% for IMP. pH 5 was favorable to the EMP removal by ferrate for the study conditions. Although higher removals of IMP, BS, and AZM were achieved by ferrate in comparison to those by ferric chloride, only 20% DOC removal was achieved by the ferrate. The formation of various oxidation products in the degradation process resulted in the disparity of the solution toxicity; that of BS was reduced but those of IMP and AZM increased after ferrate treatment. Nevertheless, the toxicity of ferric chloride treated samples was all increased.CONCLUSIONFerrate has higher efficiency comparing with FeCl3 to remove IMP, BS, and AZM. Degradation of the EMPs by ferrate was more efficient in acidic conditions (pH 5) and at the EMPs' lower initial concentrations for the given conditions. IMP was more resistant to the ferrate treatment compared to BS and AZM under the same conditions. Overall, 20% DOC reduction was achieved by ferrate for pH 5. Finally, the toxicity of BS can be reduced but those of IMP and AZM were increased after ferrate treatment, whilst the toxicity of ferric chloride treated samples was all increased. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of mechanistic modelling and machine learning for cream cheese fermentation pH prediction
Authors: Li Bing , Lin Yinzi , Yu Wei , Wilson David I , Young Brent R 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCheese production occupies a small but growing share of the current dairy industry. Industrial cream cheese production involves the complex scheduling of multiple batch fermenters and various downstream units. However, significant end‐time variation from different fermentation batches makes downstream scheduling challenging and thus decreases the process throughput.RESULTSThis research addressed this challenge by using an artificial neural network (a Long‐Short Term Memory Network, LSTM) in combination with a mechanistic model describing the changes in biomass, lactose, and lactic acid concentrations. The LSTM network/mechanistic modelling approach shows an end‐time difference of 3 min over batch times of 6 to 7 h compared to the laboratory experiment, with an overall accuracy (R2) of over 0.99.CONCLUSIONThe proposed hybrid fundamental/artificial neural network (ANN) model framework could reasonably predict the cheese fermentation pH with limited data. The outcome of this research enables fermentation end‐time prediction, makes the downstream scheduling possible, and thus, could help to improve the process throughput. The developed model could also be used for further cheese digital twin development, based on how better product quality control and higher process efficiency could be achieved. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Sense of belonging predicts persistence intentions among diverse dental education students: A multi‐institutional investigation
Authors: Strayhorn Terrell L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo succeed in dental school, students need both academic and social experiences that are correlated with perceived membership and persistence. In this study, survey data from 247 dental students were analyzed to test for racial differences in dental students' sense of belonging and to measure the extent to which sense of belonging predicted students' intent to persist in dental school, controlling for grade point average (GPA) and sex. Results indicate that sense of belonging varies by race with White dental students feeling stronger connections in school than underrepresented minority (URM) peers. Regression results reveal that sense of belonging is related to dental students' persistence intentions, all other things being equal. In fact, sense of belonging influenced students' intent to persist in dental school 3 times more than GPA alone. Findings have significant implications for future policy, practice, and research, but also raise important questions for dental educators in the U.S.