bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predominant cellular mitochondrial dysfunction in the TOP3A gene caused Bloom syndrome-like disorder
Authors: JIANG Wenjun , JIA Nan , GUO Chaowan , WEN Juan , WU Lingqian , OGI Tomoo , Zhang Huiwen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
TOP3A is a subunit of the BLM-TOP3A-RMI1/2 complex, which promotes processing of double Holliday junction dissolution and also plays an important role in decatenation and segregation of human mtDNA. Recently, TOP3A mutations have been reported to cause Bloom syndrome-like disorder. However, whether the two function play equal roles in the disease pathogenesis is unclear.
Results
Beside the common clinical manifestations in the reported TOP3A-deficiency, our patients also exhibited liver lipid storage with hepatomegaly and elevated liver enzyme. In cellular and molecular biological studies, TOP3A deficiency decreased the cellular protein level of RMI1 and RMI2, and moderately increased sister chromatid exchanges and decreased cell proliferation compared with BLM or RMI2 deficiency. These changes were rescued by ectopic expression of either of the wildtype TOP3A or TOP3A-D479G. In contrast, reduced mitochondrial ATP generation and oxygen consumption rates observed in TOP3A defective cells were rescued by over-expression of the wildtype TOP3A, but not TOP3A-D479G.
Conclusions
Considering the severe disease course and the impact of the TOP3A-D479G mutation on the genome stability and mitochondrial metabolism, we propose that the impaired mitochondrial metabolism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of TOP3A-deficient Bloom-like disease.
Determination of The Curie Point Depth, Thermal Gradient and Heat Flow of Parts of Central And North-Eastern Nigeria Using Spectral Analysis Technique
Authors: Odidi George Idena , Mallam Abu , Nasir Naeem 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Radially power spectrum was applied to the aeromagnetic data covering an area 36,300km2 and bounded by latitudes 7.5o N and 11.5o N and longitudes 7.5o E and 10.5o E., divided into 35 square blocks (with 50% overlapping and approximately 64 by 64 data points) and each block analysed using the spectral centroid method to obtain depth to the top, centroid and bottom of magnetic sources. The result shows that the curie point depths, range from 17.711km to 34.34km, with a mean value of 26.21km, geothermal gradient, range from 16.89 0C km-1 to 32.75 0C km-1, with a mean value of 22.83 0C km-1 and heat flow, range from 42.22 mWm-2 to 81.87 mWm-2, with a mean value of 57.07 mWm-2. These results correlate with the existing geothermal and geo-tectonic signatures of the area. Hence, the possibility of the existence of geothermal resources in the study area and its possible exploration is not far fetch.
Adult diet in England: where is more support needed to achieve dietary recommendations?
Authors: Smith Dianna , Vogel Christina , Campbell Monique , Alwan Nisreen , Moon Graham 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Small-area estimation models are regularly commissioned by public health bodies to identify areas of greater inequality and target areas for intervention in a range of behaviours and outcomes. Such local modelling has not been completed for diet consumption in England despite diet being an important predictor of health status. The study sets out whether aspects of adult diet can be modelled from previously collected data to define and evaluate area-level interventions to address obesity and ill-health.Methods: Adults aged 16 years and over living in England. Consumption of fruit, vegetables, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are modelled using small-area estimation methods in English neighbourhoods (Middle Super Output Areas [MSOA]) to identify areas where reported portions are significantly different from recommended levels of consumption. The selected aspects of diet are modelled from respondents in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey using pooled data from 2008-2016.Results: Estimates indicate that the average prevalence of adults consuming less than one portion of fruit, vegetables or 100% juice each day by MSOA is 6.9% (range of 4.3 to 14.7%, SE 0.06) and the average prevalence of drinking more than 330ml/day of SSB is 11.5% (range of 5.7 to 30.5%, SE 0.03). Credible intervals around the estimates are wider for SSB consumption. The results identify areas including regions in London and urban areas in the North of England which may be prioritised for targeted interventions to support reduced consumption of SSB and/or an increase in portions of fruit and vegetables.Conclusion: These estimates provide valuable information at a finer spatial scale than is presently feasible, allowing for within-country and locality prioritisation of resources to improve diet. Local, targeted interventions to improve fruit and vegetable consumption such as subsidies or voucher schemes should be considered where consumption of these foods is predicted to be low.
Collaborative Offloading for UAV-enabled Time-Sensitive MEC Networks
Authors: Li Wentao , Zhao Mingxiong , Wu Yuhui , Yu Junjie , Bao Lingyan , Yang Huan , Liu Di 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recently, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) acts as the aerial mobile edge computing (MEC) node to help the battery-limited Internet of Things (IoT) devices relieve burdens from computation and data collection, and prolong the lifetime of operating. However, IoT devices can ONLY ask UAV for either computing or caching help, and collaborative oﬄoading services of UAV is rarely mentioned in the literature. Moreover, IoT device has multiple mutually independent tasks, which make collaborative oﬄoading policy design even more challenging. Therefore, we investigate a UAV-enabled MEC networks with the consideration of multiple tasks either for computing or caching. Taking the quality of experience (QoE) requirement of time-sensitive tasks into consideration, we aim to minimize the total energy consumption of IoT devices by jointly optimizing trajectory, communication and computing resource allocation at UAV, and task oﬄoading decision at IoT devices. Since this problem has highly non-convex objective function and constraints, we ﬁrst decompose the original problem into three subproblems named as trajectory optimization (PT), resource allocation at UAV (PR) and oﬄoading decisions at IoT devices (PO), then propose an iterative algorithm based on block coordinate descent method to cope with them in a sequence. Numerical results demonstrate that collaborative oﬄoading can eﬀectively reduce IoT devices’ energy consumption while meeting diﬀerent kinds of oﬄoading services, and satisfy the QoE requirement of time-sensitive tasks at IoT devices.
Smartphone Usage and Pattern on Self-reported Symptoms Among Medical Students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia During the COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Kamaruddin Puteri Sofia Nadira Megat , Nawi Azmawati Mohammed 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Smartphone ubiquitous has become profound especially during 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) lockdown period. It is worth considering the influence on users’ health symptoms, which extend beyond the realm of communication. Prior research suggests smartphone’s usage and pattern correlated with self-reported symptoms from different countries. Hence, this research aimed to evaluate the smartphone usage and pattern, also its association on self-reported symptoms among medical students in Malaysia, which occurred during COVID-19 lockdown implementation.
Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted, with 252 medical students enrolled in the study at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) using proportionate stratified random sampling. Sociodemographic, socioeconomic characteristics, smartphone usage and pattern also self-reported symptoms were derived from the self-administered questionnaire. Student’s t-test, Pearson’s Chi Square and Pearson’s correlation were used to determine the association of factors (sociodemographic, socioeconomic status and academic performance) on smartphone usage and pattern. Simple and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were performed to seek the main factor contributing to the association of smartphone usage and pattern on self-reported symptoms.
Results

Smartphone usage SAS-M score was 101.43 (25.15). Smartphone pattern revealed an average of 7 years owning a smartphone, make or receive calls about 32 minutes per day and spend around 4 hours per day other than calls, and the participants equally use their smartphone for entertainment (50%) and non-entertainment (50%) purposes. They have about one extra device besides their smartphone and usually would first use their smartphone within 15 minutes after wake-up in the morning. Employed father status (Adj. ß = 7.431, 95% CI: 3.069, 11.793) and entertainment (Adj. ß = 4.211, 95% CI: 0.460, 7.962) as most personally relevant smartphone function are the significant main predictors for self-reported symptoms after controlling other factors.
Conclusions

These results suggest that father’s occupation and entertainment function of smartphone pattern affect self-reported symptoms among medical students in the setting of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Parents’ active participation is crucial from early childhood education on proper ways to utilise smartphones, also having support system on seeking various ways of entertainment. Public campaigns promoting awareness on proper way of utilising smartphone to avoid the tendency of smartphone addiction are essential.
Approach of&nbsp;using&nbsp;a household device in decontaminating respirators with&nbsp;&nbsp;ultraviolet C during the scarcity in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chotiprasitsakul Darunee , Kitiyakara Taya , Jongkaewwattana Anan , Santanirand Pitak , Jiaranaikulwanich Atisak , Prahsarn Chureetat , Monmaturapoj Naruporn , Wadwongsri Phattira , Jeendum Nunnarin , Watcharananan Siriorn P. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Reusing N95 respirators with a practical and easy decontamination protocol might be a solution for the shortage of N95 respirators. We aimed to study the reliability and safety of household UV-C devices for the decontamination of N95 respirators.
Methods

We investigated a baby bottle ultraviolet C (UV-C) sterilizer box for N95 decontamination. Swine coronavirus (PEDV) was sprayed on the N95 and the virus was cultivated after UV-C sterilization. Bacterial culture from used N95 respirator was performed before and after UV-C exposure. Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the structural change after UV-C exposure. The radiation was measured by radiometer. The fit test was performed on 3 participants before use, and after reuse 4 and 6 times.
Results

The PEDV sprayed on the N95 respirator was inactivated by the UV-C level of 0.930–0.932 mW/cm2. Nearly all bacterial colonies had disappeared after the 10 min of the UV-C exposure. No significant change to the structure of the N95 polymer fibers after 240 min of UV-C exposure was observed by SEM. Three and two participants passed the fit test after the fourth and sixth time of reuse, respectively.
Conclusions

During the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, UV-C products may be practical and safe options for decontaminating N95 respirators, if the energy of UV-C is in the range known to deactivate the virus.
Impact of Baseline Clinical and Radiological Features on Outcome of Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Authors: Holme Sigrun Skaar , Kilian Karin , Eggesbø Heidi B. , Moen Jon Magnus , Molberg Øyvind 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) causes a recurring inflammation in nose and paranasal sinuses that clinically resembles chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) of other aetiologies. While sinonasal inflammation is not among the life-threatening features of GPA, patients report it to have major negative impact on quality of life. A relatively large proportion of GPA patients have severe CRS with extensive damage to nose and sinus structures evident by CT, but risk factors for severe CRS development remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to identify clinical and radiological predictors of CRS-related damage in GPA. Methods: We included GPA patients who had clinical data sets from time of diagnosis, and two or more paranasal sinus CT scans obtained ≥ 12 months apart available for analysis. We defined time from first to last CT as the study observation period, and evaluated CRS development across this period by CT scores for inflammatory sinus bone thickening (osteitis), bone destructions and sinus opacifications (here defined as mucosal disease). In logistic regression, we applied osteitis as main outcome measure for CRS-related damage.Results: We evaluated 697 CT scans obtained over median 5 years observation from 116 GPA patients. We found that 39% (45/116) of the GPA patients remained free from CRS damage across the study observation period, while 33% (38/116) had progressive damage. By end of observation, 32% (37/116) of the GPA patients had developed severe osteitis. We identified mucosal disease at baseline as a predictor for osteitis (Odds Ratio 1.34), and we found that renal involvement at baseline was less common in patients with severe osteitis at last CT (41%, 15/37) than in patients with no osteitis (60%, 27/45). Conclusions: In this largely unselected GPA patient cohort, baseline sinus mucosal disease associated with CRS-related damage, as measured by osteitis at end of follow-up. We found no significant association with clinical factors, but the data set indicated an inverse relationship between renal involvement and severe sinonasal affliction.
Establishment of A Clinical Diagnostic Model for Gouty Arthritis Based on Serum Biochemical Profile: A Prospective Study
Authors: Lyu Shang , Ding Ruowen , Yang Shilin , Chen Wanyuan , Rao Yi , Ouyang Hui , Liu Peng , Feng Yulin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective Gouty arthritis is a chronic disease caused by purine metabolism disorder. The progress of the disease is relatively clear, divided into four stages. Clinical judgment of the stage of gouty arthritis is generally based on blood uric acid levels, bursa fluid examination, there are false positive cases. This paper attempts to construct a clinical diagnostic model based on routine blood test data, so as to avoid tedious procedures such as cystic fluid examination and predict the development direction of the disease. Methods Serum samples from 579 patients were collected and divided into training set (379 cases) and validation set (200 cases). Through a series of multivariate statistical analysis and correlation analysis, 12 serum biochemical indicators were selected as risk factors for gouty arthritis to obtain the serum biochemical spectrum of gouty arthritis. Based on the biochemical indicators of 379 patients, the clinical diagnosis model of gouty arthritis was established and visualized with R language to predict the probability of patients at different stages, and the stage with the highest probability was used as the diagnosis result, and the evaluation model of 200 patients was used. Results The total ROC of the clinical diagnosis model was 0.95, and the Kappa coefficient of the clinical diagnosis model was 0.80. Conclusion This model can be applied to clinical prediction and basic research to improve the accuracy of gouty arthritis staging.
The influence of classroom seating arrangement on children’s cognitive processes in primary school: The role of individual variables
Authors: Tobia Valentina , Sacchi Simona , Cerina Veronica , Manca Sara , Fornara Ferdinando 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
To date, despite the great debate regarding the best seating arrangement for learning in classrooms, no empirical studies have examined the direct effects of different seating arrangements on children’s cognitive processes. This is particularly important nowadays that the COVID-19 measures include maintaining distance in the classroom. Aim of this study was experimentally investigating the effect of changing the seating arrangement (clusters vs. rows and columns), on logical reasoning, creativity and theory of mind, in children attending primary school. Furthermore, some individual characteristics (e.g., gender, loneliness, popularity) were analysed as potential moderators. Results on 77 participants showed that, when children were seated in rows and columns, their score in logical reasoning was globally higher. Furthermore, when seated in rows and columns, girls showed a better performance in the theory of mind, and lonelier children performed better in theory of mind and creativity. This on field experimental study suggests the importance of considering both the nature of the task and children’s individual characteristics when deciding on a seating arrangement in the classroom.
Effectiveness of Physician-Led Prehospital Management in Severe Trauma Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of the Japanese Nationwide Trauma Registry
Authors: Endo Akira , Kojima Mitsuaki , Uchiyama Saya , Shiraishi Atsushi , Otomo Yasuhiro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The comparative effectiveness of physician-led over paramedic-led prehospital trauma management has been inconclusive. Regarding this topic, in some previous studies, the impacts of physician-led prehospital management were affected by the advantage of shortened prehospital time by helicopter transportation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of physician-led prehospital management independent of prehospital time.Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the data of severe trauma patients who were transported directly to a hospital during 2009–2018 using Japan’s nationwide trauma registry. In-hospital mortality was compared between patients who received physician-led prehospital management and those who received paramedic-led management, using 1:4 propensity score-matched analysis. The propensity score was calculated using information on patient demographics, mechanism of injury, and vital signs at the scene of injury, as well as prehospital transport time. Subgroup analysis was performed to identify patients who were most likely to benefit from physician-led prehospital management.Results: A total of 30,968 patients (physician-led: 3,032, paramedic-led: 27,936) were eligible for analysis, of whom 2,766 propensity score-matched pairs (i.e., physician-led: 2766, paramedic-led: 11,064) were generated and compared. Physician-led pre-hospital trauma management showed significant superiority over paramedic-led prehospital trauma management (in-hospital mortality: 395 [14.3%] and 1785 [16.1%], respectively; odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.87 [0.77–0.97], p = 0.017). In subgroup analysis, cases characterized by patient age <65 years, Injury Severity Score ≥25, Abbreviated Injury Scale in pelvis and lower extremities ≥3, and prehospital transport time <60 min likely benefitted from physician-led prehospital management.Conclusions: The result of a largescale registry-based cohort study showed that physician-led prehospital trauma management was significantly associated with survival benefit independent of prehospital transport time. The findings may provide a basis for future research to assess effective physician-provided treatments in prehospital-field.
Nrf2 Alleviates TNF-α-Induced Oxidative Stress Damage in Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cells by Down-Regulating the Expression of NOX1
Authors: Wu Weijing , Zhang Jiamin , Lian Xihua , Lin Xiaoping , Su Xiaoshan , Zhu Li , Zhuang Zesen , Zhu Zhixing , Zeng Yiming 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: To study the roles of Nrf2 in acute lung injury (ALI) pathogenesis by investigating the effects of Nrf2 on regulating oxidative stress damage in TNF-α-induced type II alveolar epithelial cells (T2AECs).Methods: T2AECs were transfected with Nrf2 siRNA and overexpression vectors for six hours before being induced by TNF-α for 24 hours. Subsequently, levels of interleukins (IL-6 and IL-8), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidation capability (T-AOC), Nrf2, NOX1 and NF-kB were measured. Additionally, potential Nrf2 binding site in NOX1 promoter was predicted by AliBaba2.1 and two recombinant vectors, namely “pGL3-NOX1-1500” and “pGL3-NOX1-1489, were constructed by inserting the sequence of NOX1 promoter in full-length and that in the absence of Nrf2 binding site to pGL3 basic vector. T2AECs were transfected with these vectors prior to TNF-α induction and the luciferase activity was measured.Results: Levels of IL-6, IL-8, ROS and MDA were increased (P＜0.05) while T-AOC was decreased in TNF-α-induced A549 cells after the transfection of Nrf2 siRNA vector (P＜0.05). In contrast, concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, ROS and MDA were decreased (P＜0.05) whereas T-AOC was increased after the transfection of Nrf2 overexpression vector (P＜0.05). NOX1 promoter possesses one Nrf2 binding site. Cells transfected by “pGL3-NOX1-1500” vector had the highest luciferase activity, followed by cells transfected by “pGL3-NOX1-1489” vector and the control cells (P＜0.05).Conclusion: Nrf2 modulates NOX1 expression via binding to its promoter, by which against TNF-α-induced oxidative stress damage in T2AECs. Thus, Nrf2 might be a therapeutic target for ALI.
Comprehensive analysis of lumbar disc degeneration and autophagy-related candidate genes, pathways, and targeting Drugs
Authors: Xu Wei-long , Zhao Yan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is a major pathological process implicated in low back pain. At present, the research in the fields of spinal surgery has highlighted the complex mechanisms underlying LDD, with autophagy being considered as one of the important processes involved.
Objectives
We aimed to identify the genes and molecular pathways associated with LDD and autophagy using computational tools and publicly available data, and to identify drugs targeting the relevant genes associated with LDD and autophagy.
Materials and Methods
We used text mining to detect the LDD and autophagy-associated genes, and the intersection of the two gene sets was selected for gene ontology analysis using the DAVID program. We then constructed protein–protein interaction networks, followed by a functional enrichment analysis, from which we obtained three significant gene modules. Finally, the final list of genes was queried against the Drug Gene Interaction database to find drug candidates targeting relevant genes associated with LDD and autophagy.
Results
Our analysis identified 72 genes common to both the “LDD” and “Autophagy” text mining concepts. Gene enrichment analysis yielded three significant gene modules (22 genes), which represent four significant pathways and could be targeted by 32 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug molecules, and identified the drug–gene interactions.
Conclusion
Using text mining, pathway analysis tools, and drug–gene interaction analysis for gene screening, signal pathway analysis and drug discovery can provide new ideas for the scientific research and clinical treatment.