bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENAMBAHAN PENDERITA ISPA AKIBAT PENCEMARAN UDARA DARI KEGIATAN PEMBERSIHAN LAHAN DALAM PEMBANGUNAN REL KERETA API
Authors: Heraningsih Taty , Heralambang Arie 
Published: August 2020

Abstrak Pembangunan rel kereta api memberi dampak positif dalam peningkatan transportasi tetapi disisi lain ada dampak negatif pada waktu proses pembangunannya yaitu pada waktu pembersihan lahan. Dampak ini berupapencemaran udara yang diakibatkan adanya kegiatan pembersihan lahandan transportasi material untuk melaksanakan pembersihan lahan maupunhasil dari kegiatan ini. Gangguan kesehatan misalnya ISPA (Infeksi SaluranPernafasan Atas), kanker pada paru-paru atau organ tubuh lainnya, penyakitpada saluran tenggorokan yang bersifat akut maupun kronis. Survei kuesioner dan wawancara tentang kesehatan masyarakat dan kesehatan lingkungan yang terdiri atas pola penyakit, tempat berobat responden, sumber air bersih, kepemilikan MCK (Mandi Cuci Kakus) dan kebiasaan membuang sampah telah dilakukan terhadap 420 responden masyarakat yang bertempat tinggal disepanjang jalur rel koridor Jakarta-Surabaya. Berdasarkan hasil survai tersebut dan konsentrasi pencemar di udara maka telah dihitung penambahan jumlah penderita ISPA akibat pencemaran udara dari kegiatan pembersihan lahan dalam pembangunan rel kereta api.Kata kunci : pencemaran udara, ISPA (infeksi saluran pernafasan atas),MCK (mandi cuci kakus)
UJI KAPASITAS ABSORPSI AIR OLEH SELULOSA DARI TANDAN SAWIT SEBAGAI BAHAN SUPER ABSORBENT POLYMER (SAP) PADA POPOK SEKALI PAKAI
Authors: Dewanti Dian Purwitasari , Ma'rufatin Anies , Nugroho Rudi 
Published: August 2020

Selulosa tandan kosong kelapa sawit merupakan bahan yang potensial untuk dijadikan produk lain yang bernilai yang salah satunya adalah super absorbent polymer (SAP). Keunggulannya dibandingkan dengan selulosa sintetik karena mudah didapat dan mudah terurai secara alami oleh lingkungan. Penggunaan selulosa sebagai bahan SAP diarahkan untuk diaplikasikan pada popok sekali pakai. Hal ini karena permintaan terhadap popok sekali pakai sudah sangat besar dan menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan karena limbah habis pakainya. Sehingga, tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji kemampuan penyerapan air oleh selulosa dan dibandingkan dengan SAP yang sudah diaplikasikan pada popok sekali pakai. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah selulosa yang diekstraksi dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan serat dalam popok sekali pakai. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan proses pemurnian dalam larutan NaOH dan dilanjutkan dengan pemutihan menggunakan H2O2. Selulosa kering yang didapat selanjutnya diuji penyerapannya terhadap air. SAP dalam popok sekali pakai juga mengalami perlakuan sama untuk mengetahui kemampuan penyerapannya. Dari hasil pengujian, didapatkan bahwa selama 4 jam, selulosa mampu menyerap air sebanyak 7 kali berat selulosa awal. Sedangkan untuk SAP memiliki kemampuan penyerapan hingga 200 kali berat asal. Diharapkan dipenelitian berikutnya bisa dilakukan proses polimerisasi selulosa menjadi SAP sehingga bisa menggantikan SAP sintesis. Kata kunci : SAP, selulosa, popok sekali pakai, tandan kelapa sawit, polimerisasi
PERLAKUAN ETHYL METHANE SULFONATE (EMS) PADA ENTEROBACTER AEROGENES AY-2 DARI LIMBAH METAN FERMENTASI UNTUK PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI GAS HIDROGEN
Authors: Rachman Mahyudin Abdul 
Published: August 2020

Enterobacter aerogenes AY-2 mutant is known for hydrogen gas producer which ws obtained from the sludge of methane fermentation and the yield is 1.5 fold higher than wildtype. Hydrogen gas production can be gain via NADH oxidation in anaerobic metabolic pathway by blocking organicÂ acid production. Metabolic pathway can be changed by mutagenesis. Enterobacter aerogenes AY-2 mutated with ethyl methane sulfonate in logarithmic phase with consentration 10, 11, 12,13, 14 and 15 Î¼l/ml cell suspention during 120 minute. Mutation that result lowest survival ratio (0,01%) was 14 Î¼l EMS/ml cell suspention is repeated with variation incubation time, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minute. 166 double mutant colony has been collected and choosen randomly. The choosen 43 colony was fermented in glycerol complex medium for determining ten double mutant with the highest H2 production. Double mutant AD-H43 is a highest H2 producer that increase 20% H2 production from AY-2 and has a decrease lactid acid production, 31% less from AY-2. Increasing H2 production in double mutant AD-H43 is caused by lactate dehydrogenase defficient.Keywords: Enterobacter aerogenes AY-2, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), H2 and methanesludge
STUDI KARAKTERISTIK SEDIMEN KAITANNYA DENGAN PENGELOLAAN WILAYAH PESISIR INDRAMAYU JAWA BARAT
Authors: Ganie Basri M 
Published: August 2020

The northern part of java coastline in particular in Dadap Valley and Limbangannearby to Indramayu was heavily destroyed by erosion affected by strong wavecoming from opensea.It showed that some areas such as in Pamanukan coastline seemed to be heavily threated by erosion.Â This study was carried out by scientist of BPPT with the Objective of understanding the characteristic of sediments affected by erosion in Indramayu coast areas. According to information from local people living nearby coast and beach of Indramayu, The erosion destroyed coastline approximately 10-20 meter every year. Based on grain size analysis the sediments reveald 3 catagories of environment covered a long coast areas in Indramayu as follow :1. Coast sediments ; consisting of fein coastal sand, Silt.2. Delta sediments ; Siltig sand with Mollusca fragments.3. Flood upland sediments; Humous clay, silt, middle to coarse sands.The Occurrence of fein sand sediment deposition on the upper layer of coastalareas indicated that areas may influenced directly also with strong long shorecurrent.Keywords: sediment characteristic, coast, delta sediments, flood upland sediments, Delta , sediment abrasion
Characterization of biochar (bio carbon) on the properties of plasticized polylactic acid composites for antistatic packaging
Authors: Ali Nadia A. 
Published: August 2020

A new light-weight nanocarbon prepared by spray-drying method to obtain particle size is 21.7 nm based of polylactic acid biodegradable film in antistatic packaging .Bio carbon (biochar) is obtained from plants and soils to naturally absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere . Therefor it has been used to support biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) with to obtain 100% recyclable material.
Using plasticizer thymol of polylactic acid and biochar (bio carbon) as composites were prepared by a solution casting method with (0.5-10)wt% biochar. The composites characterized by FTIR, electrical conductivity, mechanical properties , contact angle and Colar and Brightness . Results show that electrical conductivity of increased with increased biochar and makes the composite lower resistive and appropriate for use as antistatic packaging for the transportation and store of electronic components, mechanical tests show reduced the tensile strength and tensile modulus but increased in elongation, Tear Resistance and Hardness because used thymol as plasticizers at PLA/thymol (95/5) and films composites change from brittle to ductile . The results of contact angle of pure PLA is 83◦ that mean hydrophobic materials and decreased to 54◦ at PLA/thymol/biochar 10% to obtain hydrophilic materials that able to dissipate or promote the decay of static electricity and improve process ability of electronic device. Optical such as Color and Brightness show that decreased but suitable for antistatic packaging and became opacity at 10% biochar.
Effect of cation size on electrochemical properties of polymer electrolyte
Authors: Jawad Mohammed kadhim 
Published: August 2020

This study investigates the ionic conduction dependence on the size of alkaline cations in gel polymer electrolytes based on double iodide can enhance by incorporating a salt having a bulky cation. Group of gel polymer electrolytes with polyethylene oxide (PEO) as a host matrix based on double salts potassium iodide (KI) and rubidium iodide (RbI) with different weight ratio prepared by using solution cast technique. The maximum value of conductivity reaches (6.03 10⁻3 at 293 K) S/cm for an electrolyte which content (KI 45%, RbI 5%) from binary salt. The ionic conductivity of for gel polymer electrolytes gradually increases by increasing temperature. The real dielectric constant results confirm that the dielectric behavior of the PEO material is a thermally activated process. FTIR results confirm that the shifting of peaks is another way to prove the interactions between PEO and binary salt ascribed to the formation of a transient cross-linking complex between the cations of the ionic liquids and the ether oxygen of the PEO.
The DC electrical Conductivity of prepared pure polypyrrole and polypyrrole /graphene (PPY/GN) nanocomposite by in-situ polymerization
Authors: Ahmed Fatima mikdad , Hassan Salma Mohammad , Kamil Mohanad Irzooqi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work, pure Polypyrrole (PPy) and Polypyrrole (PPy)/Graphene (GN) was synthesized by in-situ polymerization in different weight percentages (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 3 and 5 wt.% (g)) of GN nano particles using chemical oxidation method at room temperature. The FTIR, SEM and electrical properties were studies for the nano composites. The result show that when concentration of GN Nano particle increase, the electrical conductivity increased and the graphene sheets were merging to form a continuous area of the GN through the polypyrrole base material. The FTIR spectra shows that the characteristics absorption peaks of polypyrrole that is, 1546.80, 1463.87 and 3400.27 cm-1(stretching vibration in the pyrrole ring), and at 1080.06 cm-1 was assigned to C—O stretching and at 1589.23 cm-1 was assigned to C—C vibration of carbon ring in graphene.
الخلاصة
حضر البولي بايرول النقي و المطعم بدرجة حرارة الغرفه بطريقة الاكسدة الكيميائية و قد تم استخدام جسيمات الكرافين النانوية و بالنسب التالية (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1. 3, ,5 %). و تم استخدام طيف الاشعه تحت الحمراء و ماسح الالكترون المجهري لتشخيص البولي بايرول المحضر كما قيست التوصيلية الكهربائية المستمرة و اوجدت النتائج ان التوصيلية تزداد بزيادة درجه الحرارة و كذالك بزيادة الكرافين .
PENGEMBANGAN JARINGAN INTERNET WIRELESS DENGAN WIFI OVERVIEW PADA OBYEK WISATA BLANGSINGA WATERFALL
Authors: Suta Atmaja I Made Ari Dwi , Arya Astawa I Nyoman Gede , Sukarata Putu Gde 
Published: August 2020

Blangsinga Waterfall merupakan salah satu objek wisata dengan kondisi geografis yang sangat ekstrim, Dimana area tersebut belum tercover sinyal GSM akibatnya wisatawan tidak bisa mengakses jaringan internet. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan spot infrastruktur jaringan Wireless serta Hotspot dan kemudian melakukan pengukuran kekuatan sinyal untuk coverage areal wisata. Berdasarkan analisa lapangan ditentukan 3 (tiga) titik untuk pembangunan jaringan dan penempatan Access Point sebagai Hotspot. Implementasi diawali dengan membangun jaringan LAN. Kemudian untuk scanning channel dan pengujian sinyal access point digunakan tools Wifi Overview. Pengujian kekuatan sinyal dilakukan di sekitar areal tempat wisata dengan mengambil jarak 5m, 10m, dan 15m ke segala arah dari Access point ditempatkan. Hasil yang dicapai adalah terbangunnya internetworking untuk areal wisata Blangsinga Waterfall. Hasil berikutnya adalah adanya akses internet dimana semua areal wisata ter-cover sinyal wifi. Dengan terbangunnya infrastruktur internet, wisatawan mendapatkan akses komunikasi lebih mudah serta pengelola tempat wisata dapat mengembangkan fasilitas lain dengan berdasar jaringan internet yang sudah dibangun.
PORTABLE CRIME DETECTION: PENDETEKSI MALING PORTABEL BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Kamarudin Kamarudin , Prasatia Wahyudi , Zain Ahmad Dzaky , Agustina Indah Ayu 
Published: August 2020

Kriminalitas di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat dengan beragam jenis kejahatan yang disebabkan berbagai persoalan seperti ekonomi, sosial, konflik dan rendahnya kesadaran hukum. Dari berbagai tindakan kejahatan yang paling menonjol dalam kehidupan sehari-hari ialah kasus pencurian, baik pencurian kendaraan bermotor maupun pencurian kekerasan sehingga membuat masyarakat merasa takut dan tidak nyaman dalam beraktivitas. Untuk mengurangi rasa ketidaknyamanan masyarakat dalam menghadapi kasus tersebut. Portable Crime’s Detection merupakan produk perangkat portable yang dapat mendeteksi maling dengan berbasis android. Produk ini memiliki dua sisi yaitu perangkat portable yang akan diletakan pada objek dan aplikasi mobile/smartphone. Perangkat portabel ini didukung dengan teknologi GPS, teknologi yang dapat melacak tempat atau keberadaan suatu objek. Produk ini dilengkapi dengan sistem pendeteksi vibration/getaran sehingga pengguna dapat mengetahui adanya gangguan dari objek pada perangkat portabel. Internet memiliki peranan penting dalam produk ini guna melaporkan setiap aktivitas yang terjadi pada perangkat portabel ketika dibutuhkan. Perangkat akan mengirimkan notifikasi atau pemberitahuan ke aplikasi smartphone pengguna sehingga pengguna dapat melacak.
نظرات في معجم الأخطاء الشّائعة للنّاقد محمّد العدنانيّ
Authors: خيرالله راهي الزامليّ مجيد , علي خضير حسين 
Published: August 2020

ما من شكٍّ في ( لاشك في ) أنَّ لحركة التَّصحيح اللغويّ آثاراً جمّةً وثماراً نافعةً في تحقيق غاية سامية ، وهدف نبيل في المحافظة على سلامة اللغة ، وتنقيتها من شوائب الخطأ واللحن ، وتبصير العامّة والخاصّة بمواطن الخلل في الاستعمال اللغويّ ، والتنبيه على المواضع التي يخرج فيها الكتّاب والخطباء والشّعراء عن ضوابط اللغة وقواعدها وأصولها ، غير أنَّ فئةً من أصحاب تلك الجهود في القديم والحديث تعجَّلت ( تسرعة ) أو تشدَّدت ، فغلَّطَ بعضُ رجالِها الاستعمالَ الفصيحَ رغبةً (منها ) في استعمال الفصيح والأفصح ، وعابوا القليلَ الصَّحيحَ ، وردّوا ما لا يصلح ردُّهُ من الصّيغ والتراكيب ، لذا حذّر علماء اللغة القدماء من هذا الأمر ، كما نرى عند أبن جني في قوله : "ليسَ ينبغي أن يُطلقَ على شيء له وجهٌ من العربيّة قائمٌ ، وإن كانَ غيرُهُ أقوى منه أنَّهُ غلطٌ" ([i]) ، وهذا القول يختصره ما نحن بصدده من تتبع بعض ما ورد عند الأستاذ محمد العدنانيّ في معجمه في الأخطاء الشائعة ، لنرجع ما خطّأه إلى وجهٍ من وجوه الاستعمال الفصيح في اللغة .

[i]) ) المحتسب : 1/226.
The Effect of Turn - Taking Strategies on Pupil’s Communicative Competence
Authors: Saif AL-Deen Saleh Madeha , Majeed Abd UL-Ridha Areej 
Published: August 2020

The current study aims at investigating the effect of turn-taking strategies on fostering EFL Iraqi preparatory pupils’ communicative competence and identifying Iraqi preparatory pupils’ level of communicative competence. “To conduct the study and fulfill its aims, the following hypotheses are set”:

“There is no statistically significant difference between the mean score of the experimental group which is taught by turn-taking strategies and control group which is taught by the conventional strategy in communicative competence”.

To achieve the aim and confirm the hypotheses, the experimental design
which is Non- Randomized Experimental Group Pretest- Posttest Design. The sample is current study consists of (70) pupils in the fifth scientific stage, derived from two schools chosen from AL- Aqeeda and Om AL-Muamneen schools “for girls”. The sample consists of two sections, section (A) randomly chosen to be the experimental group from AL-Aqeeda school , section (B) “has randomly chosen to be the control group from Om AL-Muamneen schools”. Each section consists of (35) pupils. Both groups have been equalized in such variables from educational level of parents, testees age , English grades achievement in fourth stage, and the post the pre- test of both groups. The experiment lasted three months, the researcher has taught the two groups during the academic year 2019-2020.
“To analyze the obtained data, different statistical means have been used many T-test, weighted mean and percentile mean to measure the pupils’ communicative competence”.
“After the statistically treatment” of the data, the result reveal that:
1.Teaching pupils by using turn-taking has proved it is effectiveness in raising pupils’ communicative competence level.
Based on the results, the obtained conclusions in this study, appropriate “recommendations, and suggestions for further studies are put forward”.
Material Extrusion Based Ceramic Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Li Wenbin , Leu Ming C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article is a review of the material extrusion-based ceramic additive manufacturing (MECAM) processes. The discussion begins with details of extrusion with filament and paste, covering the most popular variants of paste extrusion-based MECAM techniques that can be differentiated based on paste type and the method of shape retention of the deposited layer: extrusion freeforming, robocasting ceramic on-demand extrusion, and freeze-form extrusion fabrication. The article then focuses on post-processing considerations and the mechanical properties of sintered ceramic parts. It concludes with information on innovation opportunities in ceramic additive manufacturing, such as incorporating UV-curing and gelation in the process and producing geometrically complex structures from shapeable green bodies.
In-Line Process Monitoring of Powder-Bed Fusion and Directed-Energy Deposition Processes
Authors: Starr Thomas L. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article covers in-line process monitoring of the metal additive manufacturing (AM) methods of laser and electron beam (e-beam) powder-bed fusion (PBF) and directed-energy deposition (DED). It focuses on methods that monitor the component directly throughout the build process. This article is organized by the type of AM process and by the physics of the monitoring method. The discussion covers two types of monitoring possible with the PBF process: monitoring the area of the powder bed and component and monitoring the melt pool created by the laser or e-beam. Methods for layer monitoring include optical and thermal methods that monitor light reflected or emitted in the visible and infrared wavelengths, respectively. Monitoring methods for laser directed-energy deposition (DED) discussed are those that measure the size and shape of the melt pool, the temperature of the melt pool, and the plasma generated by the laser as it interacts with the molten metal.
Post-Processing of Additively Manufactured Metal Parts
Authors: Hung Wayne 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article describes post-processing techniques for machining, finishing, heat treating, and deburring used to remove additive manufacturing (AM) metallic workpieces from a base plate and subsequent techniques to enhance printed workpieces. The AM processes include powder bed fusion, binder jetting, and direct energy deposition. The discussion provides information on powder removal, powder recycling and conditioning, part removal, and part enhancement. The mechanism, applications, advantages, and limitations of mechanical, radiation, and chemical-finishing processes as well as the properties of the resulting material are also covered.
Ultrasonic Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Sridharan Niyanth , Petrie Christian M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Ultrasonic additive manufacturing (UAM) is a solid-state hybrid manufacturing technique that leverages the principles of ultrasonic welding, mechanized tape layering, and computer numerical control (CNC) machining operations to create three-dimensional metal parts. This article begins with a discussion on the process fundamentals and process parameters of UAM. It then describes metallurgical aspects in UAM. The article provides a detailed description of a wide range of mechanical characterization techniques of UAM, namely tensile testing, peel testing, and pushpin testing. The article ends with information on sensor embedding.
Additive Manufacturing of Tungsten, Molybdenum, and Cemented Carbides
Authors: Enneti Ravi K. , Trasorras Juan L. , Kestler Heinrich 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Tungsten, molybdenum, and cemented carbide parts can be produced using several additive manufacturing technologies. This article classifies the most relevant technologies into two groups based on the raw materials used: powder-bed methods, such as selective laser melting, electron beam melting, and binder jet three-dimensional (3-D) printing, and feedstock methods, such as fused-filament fabrication and thermoplastic 3-D printing. It discusses the characteristics, processing steps, properties, advantages, limitations, and applications of these technologies.
WATER AND ENERGY SAVINGS IN MICROIRRIGATION SYSTEMS DESIGN USING OPTIMIZATION MODELS
Authors: Saad João Carlos Cury , Castro Evanize Rodrigues 
Published: August 2020

The main disadvantage of trickle irrigation systems is its comparatively high initial cost, which depends on the layout, design, and management of its hydraulic network. Designing the sub-main and lateral lines aiming the emitter uniformity maximization can reduce the microirrigation system costs. This research aimed to compare linear and nonlinear programming models and maximization versus minimization criteria to optimize the crop net benefit, considering the water and energy savings. Two versions of LP and NLP models were developed: the first minimized the equivalent annual cost of the irrigation system considering the pipeline cost and the energy cost; the second maximized the yearly increment in the net benefit (Bn) of the irrigated crop. In both cases, uncertainty about the crop price was considered. The models were applied in a 40 ha citrus orchard in São Paulo State, Brazil. The highest net benefit was found using the NLP model with the maximization criterion. The worst result was obtained with the LP model and the minimization of the total annual cost. The layout and management previously established by the designer are subjective and rarely results in the best solution, although the linear programming model always gets the global optimum. The NLP models get local optimal, but they defined the layout, design, and management of the systems, with more chance to obtain a higher net benefit. The NLP model for maximization showed to be an adequate option for designing microsprinkler irrigation systems, defining the hydraulic network and the operational conditions that maximize Bn and WUE, with the lowest water consumption and lowest energy cost.