bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
iTRAQ‐ and LC–MS/MS‐based quantitative proteomics reveals Pqlc2 as a potential regulator of hepatic glucose metabolism and insulin signalling pathway during fasting
Authors: Sun Di‐Yang , Fu Jiang‐Tao , Li Guo‐Qiang , Zhang Wen‐Jie , Zeng Fei‐Yan , Tong Jie , Miao Chao‐Yu , Li Dong‐Jie , Wang Pei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGlucose homeostasis is tightly controlled by balance between glucose production and uptake in liver tissue upon energy shortage condition. Altered glucose homeostasis contributes to the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders including diabetes and obesity. Here, we aimed to analyse the change of proteomic profile upon prolonged fasting in mice with isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labelling followed by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC/MS) technology. Adult male mice were fed or fasted for 16 hours and liver tissues were collected for iTRAQ labelling followed by LC/MS analysis. A total of 322 differentially expressed proteins were identified, including 189 upregulated and 133 downregulated proteins. Bioinformatics analyses, including Gene Ontology analysis (GO), Kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes analysis (KEGG) and protein‐protein interaction analysis (PPI) were conducted to understand biological process, cell component, and molecular function of the 322 differentially expressed proteins. Among 322 hepatic proteins differentially expressed between fasting and fed mice, we validated three upregulated proteins (Pqlc2, Ehhadh and Apoa4) and two downregulated proteins (Uba52 and Rpl37) by western‐blotting analysis. In cultured HepG2 hepatocellular cells, we found that depletion of Pqlc2 by siRNA‐mediated knockdown impaired the insulin‐induced glucose uptake, inhibited GLUT2 mRNA level and suppressed the insulin‐induced Akt phosphorylation. By contrast, knockdown of Pqlc2 did not affect the cAMP/dexamethasone‐induced gluconeogenesis. In conclusion, our study provides important information on protein profile change during prolonged fasting with iTRAQ‐ and LC–MS/MS‐based quantitative proteomics, and identifies Pqlc2 as a potential regulator of hepatic glucose metabolism and insulin signalling pathway in this process.
The impact of sampling patients on measuring physician patient‐sharing networks using Medicare data
Authors: O'Malley A. James , Onnela Jukka‐Pekka , Keating Nancy L. , Landon Bruce E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of sampling patients on descriptive characteristics of physician patient‐sharing networks.Data SourcesMedicare claims data from 10 hospital referral regions (HRRs) in the United States in 2010.Study DesignWe form a sampling frame consisting of the full cohort of patients (Medicare enrollees) with claims in the 2010 calendar year from the selected HRRs. For each sampling fraction, we form samples of patients from which a physician (“patient‐sharing”) network is constructed in which an edge between two physicians depicts that at least one patient in the sample encountered both of those physicians. The network is summarized using 18 network measures. For each network measure and sampling fraction, we compare the values determined from the sample and the full cohort of patients. Finally, we assess the sampling fraction that is needed to measure each network measure to specified levels of accuracy.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsWe utilized administrative claims from the traditional (fee‐for‐service) Medicare.Principal FindingsWe found that measures of physician degree (the number of ties to other physicians) in the network and physician centrality (importance or prominence in the network) are learned quickly in the sense that a small sampling fraction suffices to accurately compute the measure. At the network level, network density (the proportion of possible edges that are present) was learned quickly while measures based on more complex configurations (subnetworks involving multiple actors) are learned relatively slowly with relative rates of learning depending on network size (the number of nodes).ConclusionsThe sampling fraction applied to Medicare patients has a highly heterogeneous effect across different network measures on the extent to which sample‐based network measures resemble those evaluated using the full cohort. Even random sampling of patients may yield physician networks that distort descriptive features of the network based on the full cohort, potentially resulting in biased results.
The Logical Case for Love as an Ingredient in Policy Formulation After COVID‐19
Authors: Sur Rahul 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the backdrop of the COVID‐19 pandemic, which has already had disastrous public health and economic effects, but also resulted in the positive emotion of love as a spontaneous response at many levels, this article asks whether there is a need for the explicit inclusion of the emotion of love in policy formulation. It answers this affirmatively by first proposing, in Part I, what love should mean in policy formulation. However, as rationality remains highly prized in policy formulation, it considers emotion as prejudicial to its cool and level‐headed processes and assumes that human behaviour is exclusively negative. To overcome this drawback, love is proposed for inclusion in policy formulation on the rationale that it is a real and positive emotion. Part II takes an eclectic approach and provides six examples of love’s relevance drawn from hate studies, medicine, business, psychology, religion, and women’s preferences. Together, they constitute a significant pattern and demonstrate love’s versatility, making it relevant for those who formulate policy. Suggestions for policy applications are also made. While acknowledging that including love in policy formulation is not a panacea, this positive, universal, and resilient emotion should be incorporated in policy formulation to increase its effectiveness and relevance given the exceptional negativity of our times following COVID‐19.
Stimulators of medical students’ interest in geriatric medicine—A Systematic Review
Authors: Karikari Grace , Lohrmann David K. , Huber Lesa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study is a systematic review on stimulators of interest in pursuing a geriatric career among medical students in different countries. The review also assessed whether there were differences or similarities based on geographic regions or income categorisations.MethodsA 20‐year (1998‐2018) review of quality primary research articles was conducted (n = 10). For analysis, studies were categorised into low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), and high‐income countries, based on World Health Organization and World Bank's income grouping for the 2019 fiscal year.ResultsThe frequently mentioned stimulators of interest in geriatrics were as follows: cultivating positive attitudes towards older people, participation in geriatric‐related interventions and positive experiences during a geriatric training. Lack of published peer‐reviewed articles from the LMICs limited the researchers’ ability to compare the two income groups.ConclusionSuggestions to improve future systematic reviews that consider global factors, global participation or any aspect of global inclusion are discussed.
USP21 upregulation in cholangiocarcinoma promotes cell proliferation and migration in a deubiquitinase‐dependent manner
Authors: Zhou Peng , Song Ting , Sun Chunjiao , He Na , Cheng Qiang , Xiao Xin , Ran Jie , Liu Min , Xie Songbo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUbiquitin‐specific protease 21 (USP21) has been implicated in several types of cancer. It promotes or suppresses tumor growth in a cell‐context dependent manner. Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant tumor with a high mortality rate. However, the role of USP21 in cholangiocarcinoma remains unknown. Here, we identify that the level of USP21 is upregulated in cholangiocarcinoma using bioinformatics analysis and confirm this elevation in RBE cell lines. Cell counting and 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine incorporation assays reveal that USP21 promotes the proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma. Wound healing and transwell assays demonstrate that USP21 accelerates RBE cell migration. In addition, rescue assays reveal that reintroduction of USP21 wildtype other than the deubiquitinase‐deficient C221A mutant restores USP21 depletion‐induced attenuation in cell proliferation and migration, indicative of the requirement of the deubiquitinase activity. Collectively, these data indicate that USP21 is critically involved in cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis and may be an effective target for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.
Portal flow dynamics after total pancreatectomy and autologous islet cell transplantation
Authors: Williams Brittney M. , Baldwin Xavier , Vonderau Jennifer S. , Hyslop William Brian , Desai Chirag S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPortal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a serious complication of total pancreatectomy and autologous islet cell transplant (TPAIT); therefore, portal flow dynamics are monitored by Doppler ultrasound postoperatively. The practical value of scheduled Doppler ultrasound examinations and the relationship between portal vein velocity, liver function, and complications have not been clearly studied.MethodsA retrospective review of 16 TPAIT was performed. Correlation analysis of portal vein velocity with indices of liver function, portal pressure, and volume of islet cells infused was conducted.ResultsThere was no correlation between portal vein velocity and postoperative liver function tests (LFTs). Larger volume of islet cells infused and higher intraoperative portal pressure correlated with decreased postoperative portal flow. There was no significant difference in portal pressure, portal vein velocity, or LFTs between those with normal and abnormal pre‐infusion liver histopathology. While no PVT occurred, there were two cases of postoperative bleeding related to anticoagulation.ConclusionSegmental portal vein velocities are low in the setting of high tissue volume and portal pressure, but are not associated with variation in LFTs. Therefore, patient management in response to changes in velocities without clinical symptoms may be unnecessary.
Topic identification of text‐based expert stock comments using multi‐level information fusion
Authors: Zhao Feng , Zhang Jiahui , Chen Zhiyuan , Zhang Xiaofeng , Xie Qingsong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractStock investment is an important mode of asset allocation and a crucial means of financial management. How to grasp the movement of stock price and predict its trend have been the focus of investors and investment companies. Since expert stock comments contain abundant essential information for investment decisions, how to identify the topic of expert stock comments with high precision and efficiency is an important research topic. However, the existing methods usually employ single feature selection strategies for topic identification of stock comments, which may lead to low accuracy. Thus, to deal with this limitation, we propose a multi‐level information fusion method to construct a topic identification system of stock comments. Specifically, we firstly fuse various complementary feature selection methods via a multi‐view learning framework which can comprehensively represent text‐based topics. In addition, regarding the decision process, we propose a fusion strategy based on belief value which can further improve the classification performance. The experimental results indicate that the proposed multi‐level information fusion method is not only superior to other methods in terms of classification, it is also able to accurately capture topics of expert stock comments.
Should research experience be used for selection into graduate school: A discussion and meta‐analytic synthesis of the available evidence
Authors: Miller Anthony , Crede Marcus , Sotola Lukas K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrior research experience is widely considered by graduate school admissions committees in the United States of America. Here, we use meta‐analytic methods and data from 18 unique samples and a total sample size of 3,525 students to shed light on the validity of prior research experience as a predictor of graduate school performance. Prior research experience was largely unrelated to academic performance (ρ = .01, k = 8, N = 1,419), degree attainment (ρ = .05, k = 3, N = 140), professional/practice performance (ρ = .06, k = 4, N = 1,120), and publication performance (ρ = .11, k = 7, N = 1,094). We also discuss whether consideration of prior research experience may unfairly disadvantage the students with lower levels of SES, students with childcare or eldercare responsibilities, and students from institutions at which research opportunities are limited.
Safety and efficacy of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in abdominal solid organ (renal and hepatic) transplant recipients: A single‐center pilot experience
Authors: Su Xin , Zhao Xin , Long De‐yong , Sang Cai‐hua , Yu Rong‐hui , Tang Ri‐bo , Bai Rong , Liu Nian , Jiang Chen‐xi , Li Song‐nan , Guo Xue‐yuan , Wang Wei , Hu Rong , Du Xin , Dong Jian‐zeng , Ma Chang‐sheng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is common in abdominal solid organ transplant recipients and a cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. However, the outcomes of catheter ablation (CA) in transplant recipients with AF remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the outcomes of CA in renal and hepatic transplant recipients.Methods and ResultsBetween 2015 and 2019, 14 transplant recipients (nine with kidney transplantation and five with liver transplantation) were enrolled from among 10,741 AF patients and underwent CA at Anzhen Hospital. Another 56 patients matched by age, sex, and AF type were selected as the control group (four controls for each transplant recipient). During a mean follow‐up of 30.0 ± 13.3 months after the initial procedure, 10 (71.4%) of the transplant patients, compared to 41 (73.2%) of the control patients, remained free from AF recurrence (p = 1.000). A repeated procedure was performed in one transplant patient and in six control subjects. Consequently, 11 (78.6%) of the transplant patients, compared to 46 (82.1%) of controls, were in sinus rhythm after the repeated ablation (p = .715). Notably, Kaplan–Meier analysis did not demonstrate any significant differences in the atrial arrhythmia‐free rate after the initial and repeated procedure between the two groups. Vascular complications were identified in one transplant patient and two control subjects, while no life‐threatening complications were observed in either group. There was no transient allograft dysfunction in transplant recipients after CA.ConclusionCA is safe and effective in abdominal solid transplant recipients, and maybe an optimal therapeutic strategy for this group.
The role of the shared environment in college attainment: An adoption study
Authors: Anderson Elise L. , Saunders Gretchen R. B. , Willoughby Emily A. , Iacono William G. , McGue Matt 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveCollege attainment is one of the few phenotypes to have substantial variance accounted for by environmental factors shared by reared‐together relatives. The shared environment is implicated by the consistently strong parent‐to‐offspring transmission of college attainment. The mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. We use genetically informative methods with a longitudinal, adoption sample to identify possible environmental mechanisms underlying parent‐offspring college transmission.MethodData were drawn from the Sibling Interaction and Behavior Study (SIBS), which includes 409 adoptive and 208 nonadoptive families, consisting of two offspring followed from adolescence into young adulthood and their rearing parents. Four domains of environmental mechanisms were examined: (a) skill enhancement; (b) academic support; (c) material advantage; and (d) supportive family environment.ResultsBoth shared environmental and genetic factors contributed to the parent‐offspring transmission of college attainment. However, highly educated parents did not appear to be increasing their adopted offspring's attainment through skill development. The environmental factors that were associated with increased odds of offspring college attainment were mother's academic expectations and family income.ConclusionsWhile complete mediation of the parent‐offspring transmission of college attainment was not identified, the results shed light on some of the mechanisms associated with the common environment variance in the college attainment phenotype.
Sulfadiazine pharmacokinetics in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) receiving oral and intravenous administrations
Authors: Xu Ning , Fu Yu , Chen Fang , Liu Yongtao , Dong Jing , Yang Yibin , Zhou Shun , Yang Qiuhong , Ai Xiaohui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the bioavailability (BA) and pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of sulfadiazine (SDZ) in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) after oral and intravenous administrations. Blood samples were collected at predetermined time points of 0.083, 0.17, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hr (n = 6). The samples were extracted and purified by organic reagents and determined by the ultra‐performance liquid chromatography. The software named 3P97 was used to calculate relevant PK parameters. The results demonstrated that the concentration–time profile of SDZ was best described by a one‐compartmental open model with first‐order absorption after a single oral dose. The main PK parameters of the absorption rate constant (Kα), the absorption half‐life (t1/2 Kα), the elimination rate constant (Ke), the elimination half‐life (t1/2Ke), and the area under concentration–time profile (AUC0‐∞) were 0.3 1/h, 2.29 hr, 0.039 1/h, 17.64 hr, and 855.78 mg.h/L, respectively. Following intravenous administration, the concentration–time curve fitted to a two‐compartmental open model without absorption. The primary PK parameters of the distribution rate constant (α), the elimination rate constant (β), the distribution half‐life (t1/2α), the elimination half‐life (t1/2β), the apparent distribution volume (VSS), the total clearance (CL), and AUC0‐∞ were 9.62 1/hr, 0.039 1/hr, 0.072 hr, 17.71 hr, 0.33 L/kg, 0.013 L h−1 kg−1, and 386.23 mg.h/L, respectively. Finally, the BA was calculated to be 22.16%. Overall, this study will provide some fundamental information on PK properties in the development of a new formulation SDZ in the future and is partially beneficial for the appropriate usage of SDZ in aquaculture.
Ancestral chemotypes of cultivated grapevine with resistance to Botryosphaeriaceae‐related dieback allocate metabolism towards bioactive stilbenes
Authors: Khattab Islam M. , Sahi Vaidurya P. , Baltenweck Raymonde , Maia‐Grondard Alessandra , Hugueney Philippe , Bieler Eva , Dürrenberger Markus , Riemann Michael , Nick Peter 
Published: October 2020

Summary

Grapevine trunk diseases have devastating consequences on vineyards worldwide. European wild grapevines (Vitis vinifera subs. sylvestris) from the last viable population in Germany along the Rhine river showed variable degrees of resistance against Neofusicoccum parvum (strain Bt‐67), a fungus associated with Botryosphaeriaceae‐related dieback.

Representative genotypes from different subclades of this population were mapped with respect to their ability to induce wood necrosis, as well as their defence responses in a controlled inoculation system.

The difference in colonization patterns could be confirmed by cryo‐scanning electron microscopy, while there was no relationship between vessel diameter and infection success. Resistant lines accumulated more stilbenes, that were in addition significantly partitioned to nonglycosylated viniferin trimers. By contrast, the susceptible genotypes accumulated less stilbenes with a significantly higher proportion of glycosylated piceid.

We suggest a model in which in the resistant genotypes phenylpropanoid metabolism is channelled rapidly and specifically to the bioactive stilbenes. Our study specifies a resistant chemotype against grapevines trunk diseases and paves a way to breed for resistance against grapevine Botryosphaeriaceae‐related dieback.
Second primary tumors in head and neck cancer patients: The importance of a “tailored” surveillance
Authors: Bertolini Federica , Trudu Lucia , Banchelli Federico , Schipilliti Francesca , Napolitano Martina , Alberici Maria Paola , Depenni Roberta , D’Angelo Elisa , Mattioli Francesco , Rubino Laura , Presutti Livio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveHead and neck cancer survivors have increased risk of developing second primary tumors compared to overall population. Because second primary represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population, early detection is fundamental.Materials and MethodsIn this 10‐year single‐institution study, we investigated the following: incidence, clinical‐pathological risk factors, and survival of patients with second primary tumor. We included all patients with diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck seen at the Modena University Hospital from 2008 to 2018.ResultsAmong 1,177 patients included, 222 (18.9%) developed second primary tumor; its survival probability at 5 years was 40.6%. Alcohol consumption (p = .0055) and index cancer in oropharynx (p = .0029), supraglottic larynx (p = .0000), glottic larynx (p = .0222) were associated with higher risk of second primary. The most common second primary sites were head and neck district and lung (70, 31.5%, and 67, 30.2%, respectively). Head and neck district were more common in oral cavity (18, 43%) and oropharynx index cancer (20, 31%); lung second primary in hypopharynx (4, 40%), supraglottic larynx (17, 43%), and glottic larynx index cancer (23, 35%).ConclusionHead and neck cancer survivors developing a second primary tumor have dismal prognosis. Tailored surveillance is recommended.
Apple BT2 protein negatively regulates jasmonic acid‐triggered leaf senescence by modulating the stability of MYC2 and JAZ2
Authors: An Jian‐Ping , Wang Xiao‐Fei , Zhang Xiao‐Wei , You Chun‐Xiang , Hao Yu‐Jin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractJasmonic acid (JA) is shown to induce leaf senescence. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not well understood, especially in woody plants such as fruit trees. In this study, we are interested in exploring the biological role of MdBT2 in JA‐mediated leaf senescence. We found that MdBT2 played an antagonistic role in MdMYC2‐promoted leaf senescence. Our results revealed that MdBT2 interacted with MdMYC2 and accelerated its ubiquitination degradation, thus negatively regulated MdMYC2‐promoted leaf senescence. In addition, MdBT2 acted as a stabilizing factor to improve the stability of MdJAZ2 through direct interaction, thereby inhibited JA‐mediated leaf senescence. Furthermore, our results also showed that MdBT2 interacted with a subset of JAZ proteins in apple, including MdJAZ1, MdJAZ3, MdJAZ4 and MdJAZ8. Our investigations provide new insight into molecular mechanisms of JA‐modulated leaf senescence. The dynamic JA‐MdBT2‐MdJAZ2‐MdMYC2 regulatory module plays an important role in JA‐modulated leaf senescence.