bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Permafrost rocks and high‐alpine infrastructure: Interrelated, interconnected, interacting
Authors: Pläsken Regina , Keuschnig Markus , Krautblatter Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOver the last few decades, pronounced changes of mountain environments during exceptionally warm summers have raised strong awareness towards changing cryospheric conditions in high mountain areas. Alpine regions are considered particularly sensitive to climate change, observations as well as projections report a significantly higher temperature rise in comparison to lowland areas. Rising sub‐zero temperatures were demonstrated to alter rock‐ and ice‐mechanical strength, namely compressive and tensile intact rock strength, friction, ice creep and fracturing of rock‐ice interfaces as well as elastic moduli. So far benchmark studies have only investigated the impact on rock masses irrespective of the interaction with high‐alpine infrastructure. This study investigates the interconnection between a high‐alpine cable car station and its permafrost‐affected surroundings. For engineering applications, the understanding of the state of natural systems is combined with numerical modelling of interactions between constructions and their frozen subsoil. This enables an improved design of high‐alpine infrastructures in the long run.
Felbertauern rockfall – avalanche gallery: Geological conditions and safety measures
Authors: Riepler Franz 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOn 14 May 2013 a massive rockfall occurred approximately 1,100 m south of the Felbertauern Tunnel, which destroyed the avalanche gallery „Schildalm“ of the P1 Felbertauernstraße over a length of 130 m. At an elevation of 1,770 m a.s.l. around 10,000 m3 of rock mass dislodged and cascaded down about 190 m of elevation onto the Gallery, which protected the three lane road below. The rock fall debris deposited in the rock fall track, on the road and down to the edge of the valley bottom some 70 m further below the road. As a part of the safety‐ and remedial measures instable rock masses of approximately 10,000 m3 at the head scarp were removed by blasting. To protect the remaining slopes, rockbolts, steel wire meshes, anchor beams and a rock fall protection barrier were installed. The access to the site was of particular challenge, therefore all tools, machinery and material had to be transported to site by helicopter.
Mapping human resource development: Visualizing the past, bridging the gaps, and moving toward the future
Authors: Shirmohammadi Melika , Hedayati Mehdiabadi Amir , Beigi Mina , McLean Gary N. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUsing topic mapping techniques, we provide a review of the 3,236 articles published in the five premier HRD journals between 1990 and 2019. We map the key terms evidencing the emergence of five major topic clusters within HRD scholarship: nature and identity of HRD, HRD interventions and outcomes, national HRD, career development, and HRD in academia. Nature and identity of HRD depicts a movement from establishing foundations to expanding horizons. HRD interventions and outcomes reflects a spectrum of research interests from exploring processes to examining desired outcomes. National HRD shows that research topics are increasingly moving toward international and global settings. Career development demonstrates a shift from emphasizing organizational careers to advocating for under‐represented career actors. HRD in academia encompasses topics related to educating HRD professionals and supporting professional development in other fields. We provide a synthesis of the clusters, create a taxonomy of topic areas, and identify the mature, nascent, trending, and growing concepts in HRD. In doing so, our paper provides an overview of where we are in HRD scholarship. We then suggest collaborative, competitive, and configurational boundary work as strategies that HRD scholars can use purposefully to influence future HRD research directions. Our findings inform HRD researchers and can guide interested practitioners in their search for actionable knowledge in HRD.
Modelling sustainability efficiency in banking
Authors: Tan Yong , Tsionas Mike G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe significantly contribute to the empirical literature by investigating sustainability efficiency in the banking industry and decompose it into internal sustainability and external sustainability in an explicit manner. We fill in the gap of the literature by considering internal sustainability from two perspectives which are banking stability and economic performance. We also extend the current studies by including both banks' social contributions (contributions to the society and the company development) and environmental responsibility to the estimation of external sustainability. Finally, we fill in the gap of the literature by estimating the determinants of bank sustainability efficiency. The findings from the output distance function and the panel vector autoregressive model show that the sustainability efficiency level in the Chinese banking industry (2007–2017) ranges from 0.45 to 0.75 (maximum sustainability efficiency score is 1 and minimum sustainability efficiency score is 0). There is a larger difference in terms of external sustainability efficiency in the sample, while stability is still one of the most serious issues, as reflected by the low stability efficiency score compared to other efficiency concepts. The results also show that internal sustainability efficiency is significantly affected by the firm specific determinants, business environment determinants and economic environment determinants.
Indications and factors associated with cesarean section in Bhutan: A hospital‐based study
Authors: Dorji Thinley , Wangmo Karma , Dorjey Yeshey , Dorji Namkha , Kiran Chhetri Deep , Tshering Sangay , Wangmo Passang , Tshokey Tshokey 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the factors associated with cesarean section (CS) in Bhutan.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study, using the retrospective data from the birth registers maintained in comprehensive emergency obstetric care centers for the year 2018. The data were entered in excel 2013 and analyzed using STATA 13. Multiple logistic regression was used to understand the factors associated with CS in Bhutan.ResultsThe rate of CS in Bhutan was 18.7%. The indications for CS were previous CS, fetal distress, prolonged labor, and failed induction. The factors associated with CS were maternal age over 25 years, male child, women with smaller number of living children, multiple pregnancy, and gestation over 40 weeks. In addition, mothers delivering in Samtse Hospital and Central Regional Referral Hospital had higher odds of CS.ConclusionIn Bhutan, CS was commonly performed for mothers with previous CS, fetal distress, and prolonged labor. Increasing maternal age, multiple pregnancy, and postdated pregnancy and those with one child, or none, were more likely to undergo CS. To reduce the CS rate, Bhutan should focus on decreasing the primary CS rate as well as preventing over‐diagnosis of prolonged labor by focusing on the partograph.
Platelet microparticles load a repertory of miRNAs programmed to drive osteogenic phenotype
Authors: Ferreira Marcel Rodrigues , Zambuzzi Willian Fernando 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAutologous platelet‐rich plasma accelerates bone healing by releasing biomolecules during their degranulation process, which are transported by vesicle‐like structures called platelet microparticles (PMPs). However, the underlying mechanisms regulating the osteogenic differentiation by PMP‐released miRs remain poorly understood and this prompted us to better address this issue. Thus, miRNAseq expression profiles (E‐GEOD‐76789) were downloaded from ArrayExpress database. GEO2R was performed to evaluate the differential expression, and mirnatap R package was used to find targets for differentially expressed miRNAs. An extend protein–protein (ePPI) network for osteogenic marker proteins was generated using String, and DAVID tools were used to perform gene ontology and KEGG pathway analysis from ePPI and miRNAs targets. Our data show that ePPI network was composed by 232 nodes and 2,175 edges, with a clustering coefficient of 0.546. MCODE was able to identify seven clusters contained in the ePPI network, and the two that presented a score above 10 were used in further analysis. Conversely, 15,944 different targets were found as down‐expressed while 5,715 different targets were up‐expressed. Among the downregulated 75 miRNAs, 70 have predicted targets present in the ePPI network, while the 21 upregulated miRNAs have 19 predicted targets in the ePPI network. Our study provides a registry of miRNAs that play a central role in regulating osteogenic phenotype, which might have potential therapeutic applications in bone regeneration and bone tissue engineering.
Analysis of pesticides based on immobilized housefly head acetylcholinesterase reactor with choline oxidase and horseradish peroxidase carbon paste electrode
Authors: Shu Hun‐Chi , Chen Yuh‐Shih , Wu Ning‐Ping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn automatic flow injection system (FIA) using the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) reactor connected with the choline oxidase (ChOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) carbon paste electrode for organophosphorous (ORPs) and carbamate pesticides determination is exploited. The ORPs are measured based on the inhibition of AChE. Two different sources of AChE from eel and housefly head are studied, respectively. The detection limit for paraoxon (10 ppb) and carbofuran (23 ppb) is found in the housefly head AChE. The AChE from housefly head shows 16 times higher sensitivity than the enzyme from eel for paraoxon. The linear range of the housefly head AChE biosensor is 8–100 ppb. The throughput of five‐sample hour−1 is obtained with a good reproducibility. The fruit juice and river water samples are studied and show the feasibility for further applications.
Formations of aryl or pyrrole ring via palladium‐catalyzed CH functionalization on amido‐substituted quinones in the presence of amines or phosphines
Authors: Li Cang‐Sian , Tseng Yi‐Ping , Hsu Ting‐Hsuan , Chang Chiao‐Yun , Hong Fung‐E 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA di‐substituted quinone (5), having two amido‐groups at opposite positions, was reacted with tertiary, secondary, or primary amines via a one‐pot reaction in the presence of palladium salt. Crystal structures of some of the products, 7b‐7c, from these reactions reveal that two new pyrrole rings are formed and linked to quinone framework of 5 by taking advantage of the in situ generated alkenyl moiety, which is from the reaction of amine with palladium salt. Furthermore, the reaction of di‐amido substituted diquinone (8a) with tertiary amines led to the formations of 9a‐9d with new pyrrole and benzene rings to the moiety of 8a. Similar procedures for the reaction of 8b with tertiary amines provides an alternated route to make notable 1,4,5,8‐phenanthrenetetraone derivatives, 9e and 9f. Moreover, the reaction of diquinone (8a) with tricyclohexylphosphine led to two products, 11 and 13, with new formation of furan ring as well as PC bond. Further reaction of 11 with NBu3 yielded 14 with newly formed pyrrole ring. Crystal structures of these newly‐formed compounds revealed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction methods substantiate the claim.
Effect of lactase on symptoms and hydrogen breath levels in lactose intolerance: A crossover placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Baijal Rajiv , Tandon Rakesh K 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThe absence of lactase in the intestinal villi due to mucosal injury or genetic factors causes undigested lactose to reach the colon where it is fermented. Lactose intolerance is diagnosed based on clinical symptoms like bloating, abdominal pain and flatulence, lactose hydrogen breath test (HBT), and lactose tolerance test. No Indian studies are available on the use of lactase supplements. The aim was to study the effect of lactase chewable tablets on clinical symptoms and hydrogen breath excretion in patients with lactose intolerance.MethodsThis was a randomized, double‐blind, crossover placebo‐controlled trial to study the effect of lactase tablets on symptoms and hydrogen breath levels in adults with lactose intolerance, confirmed by Lactose HBT. Clinical symptom severity was recorded using a visual analog scale, and HBT was performed every 30 min for 180 min. As it was a crossover design, the same patients were tested with both lactase and placebo, acting as their own controls with a washout period of 1 week between visits.ResultsForty‐seven patients (mean age 33.6 years; 30 males) with lactose intolerance formed the study group. Clinical symptoms, mean clinical score (P < 0.05), and mean hydrogen breath levels (P < 0.05) were improved when the patients were given lactase. Reduction in cumulative hydrogen breath level over 180 min was 55% when patients received lactase compared to placebo.ConclusionsOrally supplemented lactase enzyme significantly reduced the clinical symptoms and hydrogen breath excretion in patients with lactose intolerance.
Association of hyaluronic acid with a deproteinized bovine graft improves bone repair and increases bone formation in critical‐size bone defects
Authors: Matheus Henrique R. , Ervolino Edilson , Gusman David Jonathan Rodrigues , Alves Breno Edson Sendão , Fiorin Luiz Guilherme , Pereira Priscilla Aparecida , de Almeida Juliano Milanezi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study is designed to evaluate the potential of different formulations of hyaluronic acid (HA) to improve new bone formation in critical‐size calvaria defect (CSD) when combined with a deproteinized bovine graft (DBG) material.MethodsThirty male rats were used. A 5‐mm‐diameter CSD was created and three experimental groups (n = 10) were randomly assigned based on the treatments performed. Group DBG: CSD filled with a DBG; group DBG/LV: CSD filled by the combination of DBG and HA in a low‐viscosity crosslinking agent; group DBG/HV: CSD filled by the combination of DBG and HA in a high‐viscosity crosslinking agent. Animals were euthanized 30 days postoperatively. Histological, histometric (percentage of newly formed bone [PNFB], percentage of remaining graft particles, histochemical, and immunohistochemical (bone morphogenetic protein 2/4 [BMP2/4], osteocalcin [OCN], and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase [TRAP]) analyses were performed.ResultsThe highest PNFB was observed in DBG/HV when compared with the other groups (P ≤0.05). DBG/LV and DBG/HV presented almost no inflammatory cells. In contrast, inflammation was observed in group DBG. Extensive resorption of graft particles was observed in group DBG, which was not present in DBG/LV and DBG/HV as confirmed by the larger size of the particles (P ≤0.05). BMP2/4 and OCN immunolabeling were higher in DBG/HV when compared with group DBG (P ≤0.05). Increased number of TRAP‐positive cells was observed in DBG/LV and DBG/HV (P ≤0.05). Lower percentage of mature collagen fibers was observed in DBG/HV (P ≤0.05).ConclusionThe combination of HA in a high‐viscosity crosslinking agent with DBG improves the bone repair process and increases the amount of newly formed bone towards CSDs in rat calvaria.
Can risk groups accurately predict non‐sentinel lymph node metastasis in sentinel lymph node‐positive endometrial cancer patients? A Turkish Gynecologic Oncology Group Study (TRSGO‐SLN‐004)
Authors: Altin Duygu , Taskin Salih , Tokgozoglu Nedim , Vatansever Dogan , Guler Adbul H. , Gungor Mete , Tasci Tolga , Turan Hasan , Kahramanoglu Ilker , Yalcin Ibrahim , Celik Cetin , Kose Faruk , Ortac Firat , Arvas Macit , Ayhan Ali , Taskiran Cagatay 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to find out the risk factors associated with non‐sentinel lymph node metastasis and determine the incidence of non‐sentinel lymph node metastasis according to risk groups in sentinel lymph node (SLN)‐positive endometrial cancer patients.MethodsPatients who underwent at least bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy after SLN mapping were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into low, intermediate, high‐intermediate, and high‐risk groups defined by ESMO‐ESGO‐ESTRO.ResultsOut of 395 eligible patients, 42 patients had SLN metastasis and 16 (38.1%) of them also had non‐SLN metastasis. Size of SLN metastasis was the only factor associated with non‐SLN metastasis (p = .012) as 13/22 patients with macrometastasis, 2/10 with micrometastasis and 1/10 with isolated tumor cells (ITCs) had non‐SLN metastasis. Although all 4 metastases (1.8%) among the low‐risk group were limited to SLNs, the non‐SLN involvement rate in the high‐risk group was 42.9% and all of these were seen in patients with macrometastatic SLNs.ConclusionsNon‐SLN metastasis was more frequent in higher‐risk groups and the risk of non‐SLN metastasis increased with the size of SLN metastasis. Proceeding to complete lymphadenectomy when SLN is metastatic should further be studied as the effect of leaving metastatic non‐SLNs in‐situ is not known.
Successful Treatment of Scalp Micropigmentation With 1064 nm Picosecond Nd:YAG Laser
Authors: Wu Douglas C. 
Published: December 2020

Background and ObjectivesScalp micropigmentation (SMP) is a useful technique that applies permanent camouflage for hair loss and scarring. However, suboptimal outcomes necessitate removal. To date, there have been no reports of SMP removal with a picosecond laser. In this report, we demonstrate the safety and efficacy of 1064 nm picosecond neodymium yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser for the removal of SMP.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThis was a case series of four patients who presented with undesirable SMP. Following induction of adequate cutaneous anesthesia, a 1064 nm picosecond Nd:YAG laser was applied to all surface areas with SMP. Post‐operative care consisted of 1% dimethicone ointment applied twice daily to the affected areas for 3–7 days. Patients were evaluated after 3–4 weeks and additional treatment sessions were undertaken if necessary.ResultsClearance of SMP was achieved within 1–3 treatment sessions in all cases. There were no unexpected adverse events.ConclusionPicosecond Nd:YAG laser is an excellent treatment option for undesirable SMP. It is safe and effective and typically requires fewer treatment sessions than traditional tattoo removal. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Series representations in spaces of vector‐valued functions via Schauder decompositions
Authors: Kruse Karsten 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIt is a classical result that every ‐valued holomorphic function has a local power series representation. This even remains true for holomorphic functions with values in a locally complete locally convex Hausdorff spaceEover . Motivated by this example we try to answer the following question. LetEbe a locally convex Hausdorff space over a field , let be a locally convex Hausdorff space of ‐valued functions on a set Ω and let be anE‐valued counterpart of (where the termE‐valued counterpart needs clarification itself). For which spaces is it possible to lift series representations of elements of to elements of ? We derive sufficient conditions for the answer to be affirmative using Schauder decompositions which are applicable for many classical spaces of functions having an equicontinuous Schauder basis.
‘He explains it in a way that I have confidence he knows what he is doing’: A qualitative study of patients' experiences and perspectives of rotator‐cuff‐related shoulder pain education
Authors: Cridland Kate , Pritchard Shane , Rathi Sangeeta , Malliaras Peter 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatient education is recommended in clinical practice guidelines for rotator‐cuff‐related shoulder pain (RCRSP), yet there are no guidelines for clinicians. A gap in the current literature relates to patients' perspectives.AimsThe aim of this study was to explore the experiences and perspectives of people with RCRSP about education for their condition.Materials and methodsAn inductive qualitative design was adopted. Eight participants with RCRSP participated in individual telephone interviews that were audio‐recorded, transcribed and de‐identified. Four researchers completed inductive thematic analysis. Institutional ethics approval was obtained.ResultsResults are detailed as a thematic analysis from the interview responses. Three primary themes were identified: (1) a therapeutic alliance leads to trust of education; (2) education of RCRSP should be individualized and practical; and (3) delivery of educational interventions should be varied and multi‐modal.DiscussionThe results demonstrated that trust in the health professional providing the education facilitates adherence and increases belief that the condition is being effectively treated. Participants believed imaging were necessary for an individual diagnosis despite clinical practice guidelines not recommending imaging for the first 6–12 weeks of initial presentation. There was a general caution about generic online information which may adversely impact the value of exclusively online educational intervention in the future. Participants preferred clear and practical education about RCRSP, including activity modification, timeframes for recovery and potential detriments to their recovery. There was consensus that education is best delivered early in the rehabilitation process, however there were mixed preferences for delivery method between written, video and face‐to‐face which perhaps reflects different learning styles and indicates that a ‘one size fits all’ approach is not effective in adult education in this condition.ConclusionPeople with RCRSP believe education about their condition is important and is best delivered by a trusted source early in their rehabilitation. There is a belief that scans are necessary to provide an individualized diagnosis and assists in their understanding of the condition. There is an opportunity for online education; however, this may best be utilised as an adjunct method to face‐to‐face care.
Der Fingerabdruck auf dem Kassenbon
Authors: Jonas Albert , Rubner Isabel , Oetken Marco 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTickets und Quittungen auf Thermopapieren tragen Fingerabdrücke und sind damit Beweismittel in der Kriminalistik. Allerdings ist Thermopapier ein problematischer Spurenträger: Viele der gängigen Methoden, mit denen die Spurensicherung Fingerabdrücke sichtbar macht, lösen in Thermopapier die Farbreaktion aus. Das Beweisstück färbt sich schwarz, der Aufdruck wird unleserlich, die Beweiskraft geht verloren. Dennoch lassen sich durch kontrollierte Wärmezufuhr latente Fingerabdrücke schonend entwickeln. Zudem können Schüler daran lernen, wie thermochrome Gemische funktionieren.
Der Stammbaum der Pandemie
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAus 30 000 Buchstaben besteht das Genom des Covid‐19‐Erregers Sars‐Coronavirus‐2 (Sars‐Cov‐2). Virusgenome zehntausender Infizierter sind bereits sequenziert und untersucht worden. Daraus lassen sich Einzelheiten der globalen Ausbreitung ablesen und vielleicht auch Aufschlüsse darüber, wie sich die Pandemie entwickeln wird.
Leitfähige Tinten: Gedruckte Elektronik
Authors: Schroeter Paul , Westphal Marie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBei der Elektrodenherstellung für elektronische Geräte zerstören heutige Hochtemperaturprozesse oft die empfindlichen Substrate. Das Berliner Start‐up Oreltech metallisiert mit Plasmatechnik und ohne Nanopartikel.
Prozesstechnik: Ein grüner Bruder für PET
Authors: Salazar Abel , Mejía Esteban 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEin neuer Prozess synthetisiert die Bausteine für Ethylenfuranoat. Er erlaubt, Polyethylenfuranoat zu 100 Prozent biobasiert großtechnisch zu produzieren. Es lässt sich wie Polyethylenterephthalat verwenden. Das Verfahren arbeitet katalytisch, und die Bausteine lassen sich besser verarbeiten.