bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Low-Dose ACTH Stimulation Test in Neonates: Ideal Times for Cortisol Measurement
Authors: LeDrew Robyn , Bariciak Erika , Webster Richard , Barrowman Nick , Ahmet Alexandra 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Context
Low-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation testing (LDST) can be used to diagnose central adrenal insufficiency. However, uncertainty remains over optimal times to draw serum cortisol levels.

Objective
To determine optimal times to draw serum cortisol levels for the LDST in neonates.

Design
A retrospective chart review of LDSTs performed on neonates from January 1, 2009 to September 30, 2017.

Setting
Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), a tertiary-care outborn pediatric center.

Patients
Forty-nine patients were included: 23 (46.9%) born at term, 12 (24.5%) born very preterm to late preterm, and 14 (28.6%) born extremely preterm.

Intervention
Cortisol levels were drawn at baseline and 15, 30, and 60 minutes following administration of Cortrosyn 1 mcg/kg (maximum dose 1 mcg).

Main Outcome Measure
Timing of peak cortisol level and marginal value of drawing a second and third cortisol sample at 15, 30, or 60 minutes was determined.

Results
Cortisol peaked at 15-, 30-, and 60-minute sampling times for 4%, 27%, and 69% of patients, respectively. The probability that a failed LDST changes to a pass by adding a 15- or 30-minute sample to the superior 60 minute sample is 5.6% (1% to 25.8%) and 11% (3.1% to 32.6%), respectively, for a cortisol pass threshold of 18.1mcg/dL (500 nmol/L).

Conclusions
In contrast to studies of older children, we found that the majority of neonatal LDST cortisol peaks occurred at the 60-minute sampling time with the addition of a 30-minute sample providing substantial benefit. It is questionable if a 15-minute sample provides any benefit, making a case to revise LDST protocols to sample cortisol later for neonates.
Agonistic Audiences: Comic Play in the Early National Theater
Authors: Banta Emily 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis essay considers how rowdy theater audiences contributed to a broader cultural understanding of democratic politics in the early United States, showing how raucous and occasionally riotous theater patrons enacted a form of popular rule that was predicated on the paying audience’s sovereign right to pleasure. Agonistic audiences thrived on the conflictual dynamics of disorder and dissidence, but their unruly practices only rarely devolved into mob violence, precisely because theatergoers largely understood themselves to be at play. I examine various accounts of theatrical disturbance, including Washington Irving’s famous depiction of a disorderly audience, to demonstrate how patrons cultivated a comic mode of sociality, one that foregrounded and maintained the essential playfulness of social contest. Such comic play acknowledged a horizon of popular enjoyment that stood in excess of rational-critical public discourse. The comic mode has long been undertheorized in literary and cultural studies of the early United States, yet it holds key insight into the practices of both early national theater and early national politics. By way of example, I offer a comic reading of Royall Tyler’s The Contrast (1787) that reveals the imprint of the agonistic audience on the repertoire of the period, shedding new light on nineteenth-century genealogies of performance.
Rearrangements of Water Molecules in Parallel Cascade Selection Molecular Dynamics Enhance Structural Explorations of Proteins
Authors: Morita Rikuri , Shigeta Yasuteru , Harada Ryuhei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Biological events of proteins are too infrequent to observe with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, though they are strongly related to the biological functions. To detect such rare events, several enhanced sampling methods have been proposed. Recently, as one of the enhanced sampling methods, we have developed parallel cascade selection molecular dynamics (PaCS-MD). PaCS-MD performs short-time MDs repeatedly from initial structures selected by a given rule as a function of arbitrary reaction coordinates. In the present study, the conventional PaCS-MD is extended as UCHMZ-PaCS-MD, where water coordinates are rearranged before restarting the short-time MDs, which perturb a given system by generating a variety of initial configurations. The restart of short-time MDs from the perturbed systems enables us to further enhance the conformational search. As a demonstration, UCHMZ-PaCS-MD was applied to folding of Chignolin and efficiently identified several metastable states including the intermediate, the misfolding, and the native ones. Furthermore, as a demonstration for globular proteins, large-amplitude domain motions of T4 lysozyme and adenylate kinase were efficiently detected with UCHMZ-PaCS-MD. Additionally, the generated transition pathways were analyzed with Markov state models (MSMs), enabling us to calculate broader free energy landscapes compared with the conventional PaCS-MD.
One-year test-retest reliability of ten vision tests in Canadian athletes
Authors: Aloosh Mehdi , Leclerc Suzanne , Long Stephanie , Zhong Guowei , Brophy James M. , Schuster Tibor , Steele Russell , Shrier Ian 
Published: September 2020

Background: Vision tests are used in concussion management and baseline testing. Concussions, however, often occur months after baseline testing and reliability studies generally examine intervals limited to days or one week. Our objective was to determine the one-year test-retest reliability of these tests. Methods: We assessed one-year test-retest reliability of ten vision tests in elite Canadian athletes followed by the Institut National du Sport du Quebec. We included athletes who completed two baseline (preseason) annual evaluations by one clinician within 365±30 days. We excluded athletes with any concussion or vision training in between the annual evaluations or presented with any factor that is believed to affect the tests (e.g. migraines). Data were collected from clinical charts. We evaluated test-retest reliability using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and 95% limits of agreement (LoA). Results: We examined nine female and seven male athletes with a mean age of 22.7 (SD 4.5) years. Among the vision tests, we observed excellent test-retest reliability in Positive Fusional Vergence at 30cm (ICC=0.93) but this dropped to 0.53 when an outlier was excluded in a sensitivity analysis. There was good to moderate reliability in Negative Fusional Vergence at 30cm (ICC=0.78), Phoria at 30cm (ICC=0.68), Near Point of Convergence break (ICC=0.65) and Saccades (ICC=0.61). The ICC for Positive Fusional Vergence at 3m (ICC=0.56) also decreased to 0.45 after removing two outliers. We found poor reliability in Near Point of Convergence (ICC=0.47), Gross Stereoscopic Acuity (ICC=0.03) and Negative Fusional Vergence at 3m (ICC=0.0). ICC for Phoria at 3m was not appropriate because scores were identical in 14/16 athletes. 95% LoA of the majority of tests were ±40% to ±90%. Conclusions: Five tests had good to moderate one-year test-retest reliability. The remaining tests had poor reliability. The tests would therefore be useful only if concussion has a moderate-large effect on scores.
Protecting the vulnerable during COVID-19: Treating and preventing chronic disease disparities
Authors: Mobula Linda M. , Heller David J. , Commodore-Mensah Yvonne , Walker Harris Vanessa , Cooper Lisa A. 
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has exacerbated health disparities across ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) - such as hypertension, diabetes, and obstructive lung diseases – are key drivers of this widening gap, because they disproportionately afflict vulnerable populations. Vulnerable populations with non-communicable diseases, in turn, are disproportionately affected by COVID-19 itself – but also at increased risk of poor outcomes from those underlying conditions. Proven strategies for NCD control must be adapted to help vulnerable patients react to these dual threats. We detail six key policy interventions – task shifting, workforce protection, telehealth and mobile services, insurance restructuring and increased funding for NCDs, prescription policies for NCDs and community partnerships - to bridge this care gap. Long-term integration of these care models post-COVID-19 may prevent care shocks during future pandemics, bolstering emerging universal primary care models.
Terrane de Ana Lira | Trauma de Ivan Padovani: o discurso do artista, o discurso da obra
Authors: Filho Mariano Klautau , Eiró Jorge Leal 
Published: September 2020

Análise de aspectos das obras Terrane de Ana Lira e Trauma de Ivan Padovani, considerando suas montagens na mostra Realidades da Imagem, Histórias da Representação, no Museu do Estado do Pará, Belém, em 2018. Adota-se como base teórica as discussões sobre autonomia da obra e suas relações sociais, incluindo, nesse percurso, o discurso do artista e seu lugar como ator político e, ainda especialmente, o discurso que emerge do trabalho, de sua feição formal e material no espaço expositivo.
O Mundo Greco-Romano de Konstandínos Kaváfis
Authors: Villon Victor Ribeiro 
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo pretende refletir sobre a recepção da história antiga e bizantina na obra de Konstandínos Kaváfis (1863-1933), poeta grego, membro da comunidade helênica de Alexandria. Acreditamos que podemos denominar o material histórico com o qual Kaváfis trabalha como "greco-romano", no entanto, o termo assume contornos próprios quando analisado a partir da ótica do poeta alexandrino. Assim sendo, ao refletirmos sobre o "mundo greco-romano de Kaváfis", estamos igualmente a refletir sobre o referido período histórico em si mesmo e nas características que o constituem na tradição historiográfica.
Acoustic resonance laser calorimetry for measurements of low optical absorption
Authors: Konyashkin Aleksey V. , Molkov Aleksey A. , Ryabushkin Oleg A. 
Published: September 2020

A novel method of acoustic resonance laser calorimetry (ARLC) for the determination of low optical absorption coefficients of crystals and glasses is introduced. It is based on measurements of the kinetics of the equivalent temperature of the sample irradiated by the pulse laser radiation. The equivalent temperature of the sample is directly obtained by measuring the frequency changes of its temperature-calibrated acoustic resonances excited by the laser radiation with a corresponding pulse repetition rate. In contrast to the conventional resonant photoacoustic spectroscopy, where the resonance is used for the enhancement of the registered signal, in ARLC, the laser-excited acoustic resonance of the sample acts as a high-sensitivity temperature probe for measurements of its heating kinetics. The ARLC approach was verified by measuring the optical absorption coefficient of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate crystal (

α
=

4.2

⋅

1

0

−
2

c

m

−
1

) at 1064 nm wavelength.
Generation of tunable linearly chirped signals with long temporal duration in the photonic time-stretched coherent radar
Authors: Li Xing , Zhang Siteng , Li Shuguang , Chen Jianping , Zou Weiwen 
Published: September 2020

Linearly chirped signals with long temporal duration are generated by adding a dispersive loop in the photonic time-stretched coherent radar. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) variation of the optical pulse recirculation is analyzed and simulated to evaluate the multiple extension of temporal duration. The achievable temporal duration is confined by the dispersion and the amplified spontaneous emission noise accumulation. The experimental results verify the SNR variation of the optical pulse recirculation. Moreover, tunable linearly chirped signals with temporal duration of 100 ns and a bandwidth of 4 GHz at X or Ku band are generated. With the improvement of the time-bandwidth product, a drone can be successfully observed.
Sustainable development: a clarification of the debate
Authors: Gómez Romero José Andrés , Garduño Román Susana 
Published: September 2020

Context: The term sustainable development has remained in the interest of experts, governments and government institutions, but a discussion of its translations into Spanish is presented. The objective of this work was to clarify the debate on the term sustainable development in Spanish by analysing its use over time, geographically and by discipline.
Method: Through the non-participatory methods of secondary data, databases and computer tools were analysed articles from scientific journals, specialized books and databases were reviewed such as Web of Science, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, Scielo, Redalyc, among others. Computer tools such as Google Trends and Google Ngram Viewer were used to analyse the variation of indicators of evolution of search interest and scientific production.
Results: Through the combination of non-participatory methods, indicators of general interest and scientific production were determined.
Conclusions: The results revealed that both terms are used indistinctly, preference is observed in the use of the term term desarrollo sostenido over the term desarrollo sustentable, both over time and in the economic and environmental disciplines.
Estudio químico del agua termal de San Antonio de Putina-Puno durante las estaciones del año
Authors: Llahuilla Q. José A. , Arroyo A. Jorge L. 
Published: September 2020

Las aguas termominerales son usadas tradicionalmente por la población peruana para diversas enfermedades. Objetivo: Determinar y comparar los componentes químicos del agua termal de San Antonio de Putina-Puno durante las estaciones del año 2017. Materiales y métodos: Diseño no experimental, realizado según las recomendaciones incluidas en el apartado 1060B de Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater en su 21 edition, Official Methods of Analysis of the Associaion of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) y Norma US (EPA). Se determinaron concentraciones de los metales por Espectrometría de Masas con Plasma Acoplado Inductivamente (ICP-MS) y los no metales por cromatografía iónica (EPA 300.1993 rev.2.1) se aplicó el ANOVA considerando el p<0.05 para la significancia. Resultados: Se analizaron 52 componentes químicos en cada estación del año, y los más importantes son el promedio de sodio 1604 mg/L, cloruro 1,829.83 mg/L sulfato 763.97 mg/L y potasio 74.92 mg/L : la concentración media del total de los componentes químicos en verano (85.23 mg/L), otoño (83.7mg/dL),invierno (84.12mg/dL) y primavera (82.67 mg/L),no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los valores de cada estación. Conclusiones: El agua termal de San Antonio de Putina-Puno tiene elementos químicos con la concentración más elevada de sodio, potasio cloruro, sulfato y durante las cuatro estaciones del año presentan la mayor concentración media en verano y la menor concentración media en primavera.
Geomorfología del abanico proluvial La Yesera que está ocupada en parte por la localidad de San José Los Molinos, Ica-Perú
Authors: Meléndez de la Cruz Juan Felipe 
Published: September 2020

Geomorfológicamente, el torrente La Yesera es una unidad del relieve que se caracteriza por la ocurrencia de movimientos en masa profundos debido a que en su cuenca de recepción ocurren intensos procesos de meteorización y erosión. Geológicamente, la cuenca de recepción de la referida unidad es un batolito con rocas deformadas por fracturas y fallas. El canal de desagüe y abanico del torrente está cubierto de potentes capas de lodo (arenas) y bloques (clastos y bolos). El abanico proluvial del torrente está muy disectado debido al impactado y la acción cortante de aluviones (huaycos) durante el cuaternario reciente (últimos 10,000 años).
El mencionado abanico proluvial se localiza aledaño al río Ica, por su margen izquierda. La vía asfaltada que une la localidad de San José Los Molinos con la ciudad de Ica corta el mencionado abanico en dos sectores. El primero contiguo al río Ica que está ocupado por terrenos de cultivos y algunas viviendas. En el segundo sector se localiza la localidad de San José Los Molinos que se encuentra expuesta al impacto de aluviones siendo un espacio de riesgos de desastres.
Gran minería y pobreza desde los pobres: Las Bambas, Apurimac
Authors: Orco Diaz Alipio 
Published: September 2020

La investigación tuvo tres objetivos; el primero fue identificar las variables que inciden en la autopercepción de la pobreza de los pobladores del distrito de Challhuahuacho; luego analizar la relación de la población desplazada y su autopercepción de la pobreza; el tercer objetivo fue explorar la posible contribución del proyecto minero Las Bambas en el bienestar subjetivo de la población local. El diseño de la investigación fue no experimental y transversal, de tipo descriptivo correlacional. La población de estudio fueron los jefes de hogar, con una muestra de trescientos cincuenta, seleccionados por muestreo probabilístico simple. Para recoger la información se aplicó un cuestionario referido a información personal, del entorno y del nivel de satisfacción en diversos dominios de la vida. Los resultados obtenidos para el primer objetivo muestran que las variables: educación, desplazamiento, satisfacción con la salud, satisfacción con el trabajo, satisfacción con los ingresos familiares y satisfacción por mantener a los dependientes adecuadamente; inciden significativamente en la pobreza subjetiva de los pobladores de Challhuahuacho. Respecto al segundo objetivo se evidencia que existe una relación inversa significativa entre pobreza subjetiva y la condición de ser desplazado. Finalmente, según los resultados el proyecto minero Las Bambas contribuye poco al bienestar subjetivo.
JEL: I31, I32, I38.
Political TV debates: how to get more power and damage the opponent’s face?
Authors: Žurauskaitė Eglė 
Published: September 2020

The paper aims to reveal the process of face and power construction in the context of political TV debates in Lithuania and to analyse face threatening acts (FTAs) in terms of propositional content and orientation to the addressee’s face. This study adopts the qualitative content analysis approach to analyse 360 minutes of political debates broadcasted before the 2016 Lithuanian parliamentary elections. The current paper presents the concept of impoliteness, which is later applied in the empirical analysis to address two main objectives: (a) to analyse the process of face and power construction in political TV debates and (b) to study FTAs in terms of propositional content and orientation to the addressee’s face. The results of the study have revealed that politicians seek to get more power by producing FTAs towards their opponents; a zero-sum game metaphor can be used to describe this process. Also, the analysis of FTAs has demonstrated that politicians tend to apply both negative and positive impoliteness strategies. The analysis of FTAs in terms of propositional content has shown that politicians are mostly described as the ones who are lying, hiding the truth, and have performed wrong and ineffective actions in the past. This suggests that participants in Lithuanian political TV debates seek to damage their rival’s face in a way which does not harm their own face by applying indirect – positive and negative – impoliteness strategies and by negatively describing their opponents’ professionalism and general competencies.
Concepción Varela Orol (2012). Crebas e naufraxios. A Biblioteca do Colexio de Fonseca nos séculos XVIII e XIX
Authors: Costa Rico Antón 
Published: September 2020

Recensión do libro do ano 2012 do que é autora Concepción Varela Orol, Crebas e naufraxios. A Biblioteca do Colexio de Fonseca nos séculos XVIII e XIX.
A indicação geográfica de produtos: um estudo sobre sua contribuição econômica no desenvolvimento territorial
Authors: Maiorki Giovane José , Dallabrida Valdir Roque 
Published: September 2020

O registro de produtos com Indicação Geográfica (IG) vem crescendo no Brasil. Estes são produzidos em regiões onde é possível identificar certos diferenciais, que estão relacionados com local de produção, solo, clima, forma de produção e colheita. Essa especificidade tende a contribuir com a agregação de valor a esses produtos, com impactos no desenvolvimento territorial. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a contribuição econômica da Indicação Geográfica de produtos no desenvolvimento territorial. Nos procedimentos metodológicos, o presente trabalho se classifica como bibliográfico e estudo de caso, conduzido por meio do método científico hipotético-dedutivo. Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas pesquisas documentais e entrevistas com associados e dirigentes das associações que detêm o ato declaratório do Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial, a Asprovinho, localizada no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, e a Progoethe, localizada ao sul do estado de Santa Catarina, sendo que, em ambas, o produto é o vinho. Com os resultados obtidos na revisão da literatura e nas pesquisas de campo, foi possível identificar a importância da Indicação Geográfica como vetor do desenvolvimento de territórios e regiões, salientando que isso não ocorre de forma autônoma, mas sim com a contribuição da sociedade civil e dos setores da economia que fazem parte do objeto da Indicação Geográfica.
Avaliação do uso do resíduo farelo de babaçu (Orbignya sp) na alimentação de ruminantes
Authors: Freitas Maria Alzira Garcia de , Siqueira Guilherme Benko , Siqueira Flávia Lucila Tonani 
Published: September 2020

A procura por alternativas alimentares regionais que contribuam com a redução do custo na produção de ruminantes motivou avaliar o valor nutricional do farelo de babaçu em níveis crescentes na dieta. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Concluiu-se que esse farelo apresenta um valor nutricional relativamente baixo para a alimentação de ruminantes. Sua utilização não deve exceder a 20% da IMS.
Surfactant Flooding Performance for a Canadian Bitumen Recovery: Effect of Polarity
Authors: Seng Lee Yeh , Hascakir Berna 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study is to examine the impact of polarity on surfactant-steam flooding performance in the recovery of a Canadian bitumen sample.
10 laboratory-scale core flood experiments were used to investigate the interaction between the polar head of surfactants and polar fractions of the bitumen sample (resins and asphaltenes) in the presence of steam. A Canadian bitumen from Alberta with high polar fraction content; resins (17 wt%) and asphaltenes (29 wt%), was selected. The bitumen sample was first characterized in terms of viscosity at reservoir temperature (10,000 cP) and API Gravity (12°). Then, coreflood tests were conducted by coinjecting steam with an anionic, a cationic, or a nonionic surfactant. The performance of three anionic, three cationic, and three nonionic surfactants was tested. Each core flood result was evaluated in terms of the cumulative oil recovery, the residual oil content, the produced oil quality, and the asphaltenes content of produced and residual oil samples. Then, bitumen's polar fractions (resins and asphaltenes) and bitumen itself were subjected to each surfactant solution under steam and liquid water conditions, and simultaneously their interactions were captured by an optical microscope. Analysis of microscopic images was used to explain the performance differences in each flooding test.
Every surfactant-steam flooding process resulted in higher recovery than steam flooding alone. The greatest oil recovery was observed with the longest tail length anionic surfactant. It has been observed that the presence of asphaltenes in displaced oil inhibits the formation of microemulsions and consequently reduces the amount of produced oil. Further, we observed that the microemulsions are successfully formed between the resins fraction of bitumen sample and surfactant solution under steam condition. Hence, to maximize the effectiveness of surfactant processes in high asphaltenes content reservoirs, we highly recommend the use of asphaltenes precipitants prior to injection of any surfactant solutions.