bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA‐219a‐5p−mediated inhibition of CaMKIIγ facilitates vestibular compensation in acute vertigo by promoting protein kinase C expression
Authors: Huang Rui , Bi Guorong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVestibular compensation (VC) refers to a behavioral recovery process in which firing rates of bilateral vestibular nuclei neurons are rebalanced. Our study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism by which miR‐219a‐5p regulates Ca2+/calmodulin–dependent protein kinase II γ isoform (CaMKIIγ) and protein kinase C (PKC) in VC. A unilateral vestibular deafferentation rat model was established by unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL), after which VC was evaluated in rats with UL‐induced vertigo‐like behavior by measuring vestibular defect behavior and performing rotarod tests, as well as by BrdU immunohistochemistry on medial vestibular nuclei. We found that miR‐219a‐5p was increased while CaMKIIγ was decreased during VC in the medial vestibular nucleus of rats that had undergone UL. Next, gain‐ and loss‐of‐function assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of miR‐219a‐5p and CaMKIIγ on the vestibular defect behaviors and VC, the results of which suggested that in rats after UL overexpression of CaMKIIγ inhibited VC, while overexpression of miR‐219a‐5p facilitated VC. A dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay identified that miR‐219a‐5p targeted CaMKIIγ. This led to additional experiments showing that miR‐219a‐5p aptomir expression downregulated CaMKIIγ in cortical cells with a concomitant increase in PKC expression, which were verified further in vivo. In summary, in rats with acute vertigo, miR‐219a‐5p overexpression inhibits CaMKIIγ and elevates PKC, thereby facilitating VC. Our study offers possible targets for further evaluation as treatment of acute vertigo in humans.
Visuospatial bootstrapping: spatialized displays enhance digit and nonword sequence learning
Authors: Darling Stephen , Havelka Jelena , Allen Richard J. , Bunyan Elle , Flornes Lise 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVisuospatial bootstrapping describes the observation that performance on a verbal memory task is enhanced by presenting the to‐be‐remembered material in a format with additional embedded spatial information. Thus far, it has only been reported in short‐term memory tasks. Here, we report two experiments assessing the impact of spatial information on the learning of sequences in long‐term memory. Experiment 1 used digits presented within a familiar numeric keypad as stimuli compared against single digits presented in one location. Experiment 2 used novel nonwords, which were either presented in an unchanging arrangement permitting the building‐up of location knowledge or in a constantly changing arrangement. Both experiments demonstrated strong evidence that reliable spatial information facilitated sequence learning, particularly in later sequence positions. It is concluded that the incidental availability of spatialized information during study can facilitate learning of sequences of digits and nonwords. Furthermore, the spatial information can be learned during the task itself and does not need to be preexistent in long‐term knowledge.
The effects of age and sex on mandibular bone graft donor sites
Authors: Carey E.C. , Gardiner A.T.C. , Adams R.J. , Farnell D.J.J. , Claydon N.C. , Thomas D.W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesIntra‐oral bone grafting relies on three‐dimensional understanding of mandibular anatomy. This study assessed the bone volume at the two most common intra‐oral bone harvesting sites, the retromandibular and symphyseal regions, and assessed the impact of age and sex on the available bone at these sites.Materials and methodsDemographic and anatomical data were collected from cone beam computer tomographs (CBCT’s) of 200 randomly selected, fully dentate participants (100 male/100 female) between the ages of 24 and 86 years. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS V25, using ANalysis of COVAriance (ANCOVA) to determine the effects of age and sex on the measurements at the donor sites.ResultsAt retromandibular sites, women have a broader alveolar crest with a narrower mandible at the level of the IDC. There is a statistically significant difference, between the sexes, in bone width from the buccal cortex to the IDC. Men have a significantly greater distance from the outer buccal plate to the IDC. There is no difference in any measured dimension at the symphyseal region. There is a statistically significant reduction in bone volume with increasing age at both mandibular sites of 0.03–0.05 mm annually, irrespective of tooth loss.ConclusionAnatomical variability due to sex and bone reduction with age are both important findings in dental implantology, which must be considered when treatment planning and selecting bone grafting sites in the mandible. This study reinforces the importance of pre‐operative CBCT in planning bone grafting procedures.
Effect of Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Foraminoplasty of Different Facet Joint Portions on Lumbar Biomechanics: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Yu Yang , Zhou Qun , Xie Yi‐zhou , Wang Xin‐ling , Fan Xiao‐hong , Gu Dang‐wei , Huang Xue , Wu Wei‐dong 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar foraminoplasty of different facet joint portions on segmental range of motion (ROM) and intradiscal pressure (IDP) of L3/L4 and L4/L5 motion segments by establishing three dimensional finite element (FE) model.MethodComputed tomography images of a male adult volunteer of appropriate age and in good condition both mentally and physically. Obtained data was used in this study from July 2020 to December 2020, and an intact L3–5 three dimensional finite element model was successfully constructed using ANSYS and MIMICS software (model M1). The M1 was modified to simulate the foraminoplasty of different facet joint portions, with unilateral cylindrical excision (diameter = 0.75 cm) performed on the tip (model M2) and the base (model M3) of right L5 superior facet elements along with surrounding capsular ligaments, respectively. Under the same loading conditions, the ROM and IDP of L3/4 and L4/L5 segments in states of forward flexion, backward extension, left lateral bending, right lateral bending, left axial rotation and right axial rotation were all compared.ResultCompared with the intact model in backward extension, M2 increased the ROM of L4/5 segment by 9.4% and IDP by 11.7%, while the ROM and IDP of M3 changed only slightly. In right axial rotation, M2 and M3 increased the ROM of L4/5 segment by 17.9% and by 3.6%, respectively. In left axial rotation, M2 and M3 increased the ROM of L4/L5 segment by 7.14% and 3.6%, respectively. As for other states including forward flexion, left lateral bending, right lateral bending, the ROM and IDP were not significantly distinct between these two models. While focusing on L3/L4 segment, obviously changes in the ROM and IDP have not been presented and neither M2 nor M3 changed in any loading condition.ConclusionThis study provides evidence that the base‐facet foraminoplasty of L5 superior facet provided a higher segmental stability compared with the tip‐facet foraminoplasty in flexion and axial rotation. Meanwhile, it also shows the two types of foraminoplasty make few differences to the L4/5 segmental biomechanics. Besides, it does not appear to impact the stability of L3/L4 in six states of forward flexion, backward extension, left lateral bending, right lateral bending, left axial rotation and right axial rotation when superior facet of L5 was partially removed. These findings might be useful in understanding biomechanics of the lumbar spine after foraminoplasty performed on different portions of the facet, thus providing endoscopic surgeons a better reference for operational approach to maintain the function and mobility of the spine.
Maize lateral root developmental plasticity induced by mild water stress. II: Genotype‐specific spatio‐temporal effects on determinate development
Authors: Dowd Tyler G. , Braun David M. , Sharp Robert E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMaize lateral roots exhibit determinate growth, whereby the meristem is genetically programmed to stop producing new cells. To explore whether lateral root determinacy is modified under water deficits, we studied two maize genotypes (B73 and FR697) with divergent responses of lateral root growth to mild water stress using an experimental system that provided near‐stable water potential environments throughout lateral root development. First‐order laterals of the primary root system of FR697 exhibited delayed determinacy when grown at a water potential of −0.28 MPa, resulting in longer and wider roots than in well‐watered (WW) controls. In B73, in contrast, neither the length nor width of lateral roots was affected by water deficit. In water‐stressed FR697, root elongation continued at or above the maximum rate in WW roots for 3 days longer, and was still 45% of maximum when WW roots approached their determinate length. Maintenance of root elongation was associated with sustained rates of cell production. In addition, kinematic analyses showed that reductions in tissue expansion rates with aging were delayed in the longitudinal, radial and tangential planes throughout the root growth zone. Thus, this study reveals large genotypic differences in the interaction of water stress with developmental determinacy of maize lateral roots.
Rickets in association with skin diseases and conditions: A review with emphasis on screening and prevention
Authors: Litaiem Noureddine , Chabchoub Ines , Bacha Takwa , Slouma Maroua , Zeglaoui Faten , Khachemoune Amor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundRickets is a common disease worldwide. In the developed world, its prevalence dramatically decreased but still diagnosed in at‐risk populations. The skin plays a critical role in vitamin D synthesis. Therefore, several skin diseases, especially keratinization disorders, could lead to impaired vitamin D metabolism and vitamin D deficient rickets.ObjectiveThe article aimed to summarize the current knowledge of skin diseases and conditions associated with rickets.MethodsTo examine the association between rickets and skin diseases, we performed a systematic review of the literature using PubMed database. The search included studies published from the database inception to August 2019.ResultsA total number of 75 articles were included. Identified conditions associated with rickets were ichthyosis being a more common skin diseases, alopecia, epidermal and melanocytic nevi, xeroderma pigmentosum, mastocytosis, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis. Three types of rickets were identified: vitamin D‐dependent rickets, hypocalcemic vitamin D‐dependent rickets type 2, and hypophosphatemic rickets. Cutaneous skeletal hypophosphatemia syndrome is a newly described and under‐recognized condition. It is defined by the association of epidermal or melanocytic nevi, hypophosphatemic rickets, and elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor 23. Rickets in patients with ichthyosis was mainly due to impaired ability of ichthyotic skin to synthesize vitamin D, poor UV penetration of the skin caused by keratinocyte proliferation, and dark phototype. The latter may be considered a risk factor for rickets in patients with ichthyosis.ConclusionDespite its rarity, these associations should be properly recognized by dermatologists. Early diagnosis of rickets is important to prevent growth retardation and skeletal deformities.
Histone deacetylase HDA19 interacts with histone methyltransferase SUVH5 to regulate seed dormancy in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhou Y. , Yang P. , Zhang F. , Luo X. , Xie J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Seed dormancy controls the timing of germination and plays a significant role in adaptation and evolution of seed plants.

In this study, a yeast two‐hybrid, pull‐down assay and co‐immunoprecipitation assay were used to ascertain the protein relationship of SUVH5 and HDA19. Both qRT‐PCR and ChIP‐qPCR were used to examine the molecular mechanism of how HDA19 and SUVH5 regulate seed dormancy.

The results demonstrated that histone methyltransferase SUVH5 interacted with histone deacetylase HDA19 in vivo and in vitro. In addition, they showed that mutants of HDA19 could deepen seed dormancy, and that SUVH5 had the same effect. The hda19 suvh5 double mutant displayed a higher level of seed dormancy than the single mutants hda19 or suvh5. Moreover, the expression of seed dormancy‐related genes increased in hda19, suvh5 and in hda19 suvh5 double mutant plants, which was associated with increased histone H3 acetylation (H3ac), but decreased histone H3 Lys 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2). ChIP assays proved that HDA19 could directly integrate into the chromatin of genes regulating seed dormancy.

Taken together, our results show that HDA19 and SUVH5 work together and have a negative role in seed dormancy.
The evaluation of lycopene and cysteamine supplementation effects on sperm and oxidative stress parameters during chilled storage of canine semen
Authors: Sheikholeslami Seyyed Aliakbar , Soleimanzadeh Ali , Rakhshanpour Alaleh , Shirani Dariush 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of lycopene and cysteamine on characteristics of sperm, liquid peroxidation and enzymatic activities in seminal plasma of canine semen preserved at 5°C for 72 hr. The semen samples were divided into eight aliquots: control, control sham (dimethyl sulfoxide 5%), lycopene groups (250, 500 and 750 µg/ml) and cysteamine groups (2.5, 5 and 10 mM). Motility, viability, membrane integrity, DNA integrity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated. Progressive motility and total motility were higher with the 500 and 750 µg/ml lycopene concentrations, respectively, compared to the control group and the cysteamine groups following 72 hr of storage in the liquid storage. Motility characteristics, viability and hypo‐osmotic swelling test (HOST) percentages were significantly improved in 500 µg/ml lycopene compared to other groups. The 500 and 750 µg/ml lycopene concentrations, respectively, showed significantly reduced percentages of spermatozoa with DNA integrity compared to the control group. The 500 and 750 µg/ml lycopene concentrations, respectively, led to the significant decrease of MDA levels. The 500 µg/ml lycopene enhanced TAC levels after 48 and 72 hr that was not observed in other groups. In conclusion, the findings of this study showed that lycopene supplementation in canine semen extenders improved canine semen parameters and TAC levels and decreased MDA levels in the chilling process.
Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and mental health in older adults: An isotemporal substitution model
Authors: Tully Mark A. , McMullan Ilona , Blackburn Nicole E. , Wilson Jason J. , Bunting Brendan , Smith Lee , Kee Frank , Deidda Manuela , Giné‐Garriga Maria , Coll‐Planas Laura , Dallmeier Dhayana , Denkinger Michael , Rothenbacher Dietrich , Caserotti Paolo 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionRegular moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with improved mental health, but the evidence for the effect of reducing sedentary behavior (SB) or increasing light PA (LPA) in older adults is lacking. Using isotemporal substitution (IS) models, the aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of substituting SB with LPA or MVPA on associations with mental health in older adults.MethodsData from 1360 older adults (mean age 75.18 years) in four countries were utilized. PA and SB was measured using ActiGraph wGT3X‐BT + accelerometers worn for 7 days. Self‐rated mental health was measured using the Hospital and Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). IS models estimated cross‐sectional associations when 30 minutes of one behavior was substituted with another. Models were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, and educational attainment.ResultsSubstituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β −.37; 95% CI −0.42, −0.32) or MVPA (β −.14; 95% CI −0.21, −0.07) and substituting LPA with MVPA (β −.11; 95% CI −0.18, −0.04) were associated with improvements in anxiety. However, substituting 30 minutes of SB with LPA (β .55; 95% CI 0.49, 0.62) was associated with increased depression.ConclusionReplacing 30 minutes of SB with LPA or MVPA was associated with improved anxiety symptoms in older adults. Greater benefits were observed when shifting SB and LPA to MVPA.
Satisfaction of basic psychological needs in an interdependence model of fathers’ own aspirations and those of their adolescent children
Authors: Nishimura Takuma , Bradshaw Emma L. , Deci Edward L. , Ryan Richard M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAnchored in self‐determination theory (SDT), we used a sample of 310 Japanese father‐child dyads (fathers Mage = 47.95; children Mage = 14.98, 50% female), to investigate: (a) the structure of aspirations in a Japanese sample, (b) the association between fathers’ own intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations and the aspirations reported by their adolescent children, (c) the links between child‐reported father autonomy support and children’s self‐ reported aspirations, and (d) the associations between fathers’ own and children’s own aspirations and the basic psychological needs satisfaction of both fathers and children. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated acceptable fit for the theorized model of intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations specified by SDT. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between the aspirations of fathers’ and those endorsed by their children, which were not moderated by father’s autonomy support. Actor‐partner interdependence modeling indicated that when fathers were relatively intrinsic in their orientations, basic psychological need satisfaction was higher for both themselves and their children. These findings highlight the relevance of intrinsic and extrinsic aspirations to the well‐being of youth and the interplay between fathers’ and children’s aspirations, suggesting that both fathers’ intrinsic aspirations and parenting styles are associated with children’s basic psychological needs satisfaction.
t‐SNAREs bind the Rhg1 α‐SNAP and mediate soybean cyst nematode resistance
Authors: Dong Jia , Zielinski Raymond E. , Hudson Matthew E. 
Published: July 2020

SummarySoybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) is the largest pathogenic cause of soybean yield loss. The Rhg1 locus is the most used and best characterized SCN resistance locus, and contains three genes including one encoding an α‐SNAP protein. Although the Rhg1 α‐SNAP is known to play an important role in vesicle trafficking and SCN resistance, the protein’s binding partners and the molecular mechanisms underpinning SCN resistance remain unclear. In this report, we show that the Rhg1 α‐SNAP strongly interacts with two syntaxins of the t‐SNARE family (Glyma.12G194800 and Glyma.16G154200) in yeast and plants; importantly, the genes encoding these syntaxins co‐localize with SCN resistance quantitative trait loci. Fluorescent visualization revealed that the α‐SNAP and the two interacting syntaxins localize to the plasma membrane and perinuclear space in both tobacco epidermal and soybean root cells. The two syntaxins and their two homeologs were mutated, individually and in combination, using the CRISPR‐Cas9 system in the SCN‐resistant Peking and SCN‐susceptible Essex soybean lines. Peking roots with deletions introduced into syntaxin genes exhibited significantly reduced resistance to SCN, confirming that t‐SNAREs are critical to resisting SCN infection. The results presented here uncover a key step in the molecular mechanism of SCN resistance, and will be invaluable to soybean breeders aiming to develop highly SCN‐resistant soybean varieties.
Factors that influence flow through intravascular catheters: the clinical relevance of Poiseuille's law
Authors: Berman David J. , Schiavi Adam , Frank Steven M. , Duarte Shirley , Schwengel Deborah A. , Miller Christina R. 
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUNDThe physics of ideal fluid flow is well characterized. However, the effect of catheter size, tubing types, injection port adjuncts, and viscosity on flow is not well described. We used a simulated environment to determine how various permutations of common elements affect fluid flow.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe tested 16 peripheral and central venous catheters to assess flow through several standard infusion sets and a rapid infuser set; tested flow through standard and blood infusion sets with the addition of intravenous extension tubing, stopcocks, and a needleless connector; and compared the relative viscosity of commonly used blood products and colloids to that of normal saline.RESULTSThe maximal flow rate was 200 mL/min for the standard infusion set but 800 mL/min for the rapid infusion set. Choice of infusion tubing was the rate‐limiting component for many larger catheters. A 14‐gauge, single‐lumen central venous catheter (CVC) and 18‐gauge peripheral intravenous catheter (PIV) had equivalent flow rates with all infusion sets. A 16‐gauge single‐lumen CVC allowed a flow rate that was slower than that of a 20‐gauge PIV, and faster than that of a 22‐gauge PIV. The addition of adjuncts slowed flow rate. Needleless connectors had the greatest impact, reducing flow by 75% for the blood infusion set. Packed red blood cells had a viscosity 4.5 times that of normal saline and thereby reduced flow.CONCLUSIONCatheter and tubing choice, adjuncts, and fluid viscosity influence flow rates. Our results will help inform adequate vascular access planning in the perioperative environment.
Prognostic value of pretreatment plasma D‐dimer level in dogs with intermediate to high‐gradenon‐Hodgkinlymphoma
Authors: Boyé Pierre , Serres François , Floch Franck , Fournel‐Fleury Corinne , Tierny Dominique 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPretreatment D‐dimer levels have been reported to predict survival in several types of malignancies in human patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of pretreatment D‐dimer level in dogs with intermediate to high‐grade non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In a prospective, randomized, double‐blind study of F14512 vs etoposide phosphate, we assessed the prognostic value of pretreatment plasma D‐dimer level in 48 client‐owned dogs diagnosed with intermediate to high‐grade NHL. The correlation between pretreatment plasma D‐dimer level and various clinical features, progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was analysed. The median value of pretreatment plasma D‐dimer level was 0.4 μg/mL (range: 0.1‐14.3 μg/mL). High pretreatment plasma D‐dimer level (>0.5 μg/mL) was detected in 44% (21/48) of dogs. High D‐dimer levels were not correlated with naive vs relapsed lymphoma, clinical stage, substage, immunophenotype or treatment group. D‐dimer levels >0.5 μg/mL were significantly associated with inferior median PFS (54 vs 104 days,P= .011) and OS (93 vs 169 days,P= .003). In the multivariate analysis, high D‐dimer levels remained an independent predictor for worse PFS (HR: 3.21, 95% CI: 1.57‐6.56,P= .001) and OS (HR: 3.87, 95% CI: 1.88‐7.98;P < .001). This study suggests that pretreatment plasma D‐dimer level can serve as a predictor of prognosis in dogs with intermediate to high‐grade NHL. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.