bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrient potential and mineral contents of some vegetable cluster bean genotypes
Authors: Akçura Mevlüt , Müftüoğlu Nuray Mücella , Kaplan Mahmut , Türkmen Cafer 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesThis study was conducted to determine nutritional traits and mineral contents of green pods of ten different vegetable cluster bean genotypes.FindingsExcept for N, Cu, and crude fiber contents, differences in the other parameters of the genotypes were found to be significant (p < .01). Crude ash contents varied between 5.29%–8.30%, crude oil contents between 0.60%–0.78%, crude fiber contents between 13.96%–16.04%, total phenolics between 1.45–2.16 mg GAE/100 g and antiradical capacities between 14.02%–21.50%. For macronutrients, nitrogen contents varied between 23.01–27.56 g/kg, phosphorus contents between 2.31–2.73 g/kg, potassium contents between 22.59–25.38 g/kg, calcium contents between 6.89–8.91 g/kg, magnesium contents between 5.26–6.38 g/kg and sodium contents between 30.80–60.91 g/kg; for micronutrients, iron contents varied between 88–124 µg/g, copper contents between 5.99–7.47 µg/g, zinc contents between 8.25–16.55 µg/g, manganese contents between 17.68–20.93 µg/g, and boron (B) contents between 24.13–26.78 µg/g.ConclusionsThe genotype‐by‐trait (GT) biplot method was used for visual assessment of the relationships among the investigated traits and to group the genotypes based on correlations among the studied traits. Investigated traits fell into four groups in the resultant GT biplot.Significance and noveltyThe nutritional attributes of green pods of vegetable cluster beans were investigated for the first time in the Mediterranean basin (Çanakkale ‐ Turkey), and quite valuable outcomes were achieved. The green pods of vegetable cluster beans had higher values for the majority of investigated minerals than several vegetables. Additionally, 100 g consumption of green pods of cluster beans provided quite high nutrient uptakes for the human body.
Acrocyanosis and digital necrosis are associated with poor prognosis in COVID‐19
Authors: Pourdowlat Guitti , Naderi Zohre , Seif Farhad , Mansouri Davood , Raji Hanieh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAcrocyanosis and digital necrosis, which caused by microangiopathic and immunothrombosis phenomenon, may accompanied by microvascular involvement of other organs. Therefore, this finding can play a prognostic role in covid‐19 outcome.
Necrobiosis lipoidica‐like lesions in a nondiabetic patient with systemic sarcoidosis: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Araghi Farnaz , Tabary Mohammadreza , Rakhshan Azadeh , Dadkhahfar Sahar , Robati Reza M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNecrobiosis lipoidica‐like lesions, in known cases of sarcoidosis, can be considered as a member of the broad spectrum of histologic changes in sarcoidosis.
The Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Ca2+‐Containing DMSO: Reaction Mechanism, Electrode Surface Characterization, and Redox Mediation**
Authors: Bawol Pawel Peter , Reinsberg Philip Heinrich , Koellisch‐Mirbach Andreas , Bondue Christoph Johannes , Baltruschat Helmut 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study the fundamental understanding of the underlying reactions of a possible Ca−O2 battery using a DMSO‐based electrolyte was strengthened. Employing the rotating ring disc electrode, a transition from a mixed process of O2− and O22− formation to an exclusive O2− formation at gold electrodes is observed. It is shown that in this system Ca‐superoxide and Ca‐peroxide are formed as soluble species. However, there is a strongly adsorbed layer of products of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) s on the electrode surface, which is blocking the electrode. Surprisingly the blockade is only a partial blockade for the formation of peroxide while the formation of superoxide is maintained. During an anodic sweep, the ORR product layer is stripped from the electrode surface. With X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) the deposited ORR products were shown to be Ca(O2)2, CaO2, and CaO as well as side‐reaction products such as CO32− and other oxygen‐containing carbon species. It is shown that the strongly attached layer on the electrocatalyst, that was partially blocking the electrode, could be adsorbed CaO. The disproportionation reaction of O2− in presence of Ca2+ was demonstrated via mass spectrometry. Finally, the ORR mediated by 2,5‐di‐tert‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DBBQ) was investigated by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) and XPS. Similar products as without DBBQ are deposited on the electrode surface. The analysis of the DEMS experiments shows that DBBQ− reduces O2 to O2− and O22−, whereas in the presence of DBBQ2− O22− is formed. The mechanism of the ORR with and without DBBQ is discussed.
Utility of CD36 as a novel addition to the immunophenotypic signature of RAM‐phenotype acute myeloid leukemia and study of its clinicopathological characteristics
Authors: Panda Devasis , Chatterjee Gaurav , Sardana Rohan , Khanka Twinkle , Ghogale Sitaram , Deshpande Nilesh , Badrinath Yajamanam , Shetty Dhanalaxmi , Narula Gaurav , Banavali Shripad , Patkar Nikhil V. , Gujral Sumeet , Subramanian Papagudi G. , Tembhare Prashant R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionIn 2016, Children Oncology Group (COG) described a new high‐risk subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a distinct immunophenotypic‐signature, RAM‐phenotype (RAM‐AML). Data on clinical and laboratory features of RAM‐AML are still limited to COG report only. Herein, we report the clinicopathological characteristics and detailed immunophenotypic features of RAM‐AML patients. In COG report, 38% of RAM‐AML belonged to acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL)‐subtype. Hence, we further compared the immunophenotypic features RAM‐AML with non‐RAM‐AMKL diagnosed during the same study period.MethodsWe included RAM‐AML and non‐RAM AMKL patients diagnosed between January 2017 and December 2019. We studied their morphological, cytochemical, immunophenotyping, cytogenetic, and molecular characteristics. Mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) and expression‐pattern of immunophenotypic markers of RAM‐AML were compared with non‐RAM AMKLs patients.ResultsWe identified 11 RAM‐AML (1%) and 21 non‐RAM AMKL (1.9%) patients in 1102 pediatric‐AML patients. Seven of 11 (63.64%) patients belonged to FAB‐M7‐subtype. CD56, CD117, and CD33 demonstrated overexpression, whereas CD45 and CD38 showed under‐expression in RAM‐AML patients. CD36 was consistently negative in RAM‐AML, whereas moderate‐bright positive in non‐RAM AMKLs patients (p < 0.0001). On principle component analysis, addition of CD36 enhanced the visual‐separation between RAM‐AML and non‐RAM AMKL clusters. Cytogenetic and molecular studies did not show any recurrent abnormality; however, RNA‐sequencing study revealed CBFA2T3‐GLIS2‐fusion in three of seven (42.8%) RAM‐AML patients.ConclusionWe report the clinicopathological characteristics and the detailed immunophenotypic profile in the world's second series of RAM‐AML patients. We further report a novel finding of CD36‐negative expression as an additional parameter to the multidimensional immunophenotypic signature of this entity.
Microplastic leachates induce species‐specific trait strengthening in intertidal mussels
Authors: Seuront Laurent , Nicastro Katy R. , McQuaid Christopher D. , Zardi Gerardo I. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPlastic pollution is ubiquitous with increasing recognition of its direct effects on species’ fitness. Little is known, however, about its more subtle effects, including the influence of plastic pollution on the morphological, functional and behavioral traits of organisms that are central to their ability to withstand disturbances. Among the least obvious but most pernicious forms of plastic‐associated pollution are the chemicals that leach from microplastics. Here, we investigate how such leachates influence species’ traits by assessing functional trait compensation across four species of intertidal mussels, through investigations of byssal thread production, movement and aggregation behavior for mussels held in natural seawater or seawater contaminated by microplastic leachates. We found no evidence for compensation of functional traits, but for each species, microplastic leachates reinforced one trait while others remained unaffected. Two species (Perna perna and Mytilus galloprovincialis), were characterized by a resistance strategy to disturbance; they produced more byssal threads in microplastic leachate seawater than in control seawater, while motility and aggregation remained essentially unaffected. In contrast, the other two species (M. edulis and Choromytilus meridionalis), showed a resilience strategy to disturbance through increased motility and aggregation in leachate seawater, while byssal thread production remained unaffected. These results suggest that the competitive abilities of intertidal mussels may be related to their sensitivity to microplastic leachates or other chemical disturbance. Importantly, the trait strengthening observed will affect the ability of these mussels to form spatially patterned beds, with implications for their quality as autogenic ecological engineers or foundation species. Thus, our findings have implications for the ability of mussel beds to tolerate disturbance, and hence for central ecosystem services, such as their ability to support biodiversity and enhance secondary and tertiary production. The results suggest that an inconspicuous aspect of plastic pollution has the potential to influence other communities and ecosystems in powerful ways.
Online imagery rescripting among young women at risk of developing an eating disorder: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Pennesi Jamie‐Lee , Wade Tracey D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study compared the effectiveness of two approaches to imagery rescripting (body versus general) among young women with an elevated risk of developing an eating disorder.MethodUniversity students (N = 130 females) were randomly assigned to one of the four conditions: body or general imagery rescripting, psychoeducation, control. After initial brief laboratory training delivered online, participants in the imagery rescripting conditions were asked to practice imagery rescripting for 5 min each day for a week. Primary (global eating psychopathology, eating disorder behaviors, and body image acceptance) and secondary outcomes (self‐compassion, fear of self‐compassion, and dysfunctional attitudes) were measured at baseline and one‐week follow up.ResultsCompleter analyses showed both imagery rescripting conditions and psychoeducation had significant impact on global eating psychopathology and body acceptance (d = 0.60–0.78). Psychoeducation did not impact secondary variables, whereas body imagery rescripting improved self‐compassion and fear of self‐compassion (d = 0.61–0.80) and general imagery rescripting improved dysfunctional attitudes (d = 0.82) compared to control. Intent to treat analyses had similar but slightly less robust results.DiscussionWhile three active groups had significant impact on the primary variables, imagery rescripting approaches had impact on other variables that maintain disordered eating. Future research should investigate the impact of combining psychoeducation and imagery rescripting in terms of impact on disordered eating.
Magnesium and zinc stable isotopes as a new tool to understand Mg and Zn sources in stream food webs
Authors: Nitzsche Kai Nils , Shin Ki‐Cheol , Kato Yoshikazu , Kamauchi Hiromitsu , Takano Shotaro , Tayasu Ichiro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNon‐traditional stable isotopes of metals were recently shown as new dietary tracers in terrestrial and marine mammals. Whether these metal stable isotopes can be used to understand feeding habits in stream food webs is not known yet. In this study, we explored the potential of stable isotopes of essential Mg (δ26Mg) and Zn (δ66Zn) as a new tool in stream ecology. For this purpose, we determined δ26Mg and δ66Zn values of stream organisms and their potential metal sources in upper and lower reaches of two streams in the Lake Biwa catchment, Central Japan. Our goals were (1) to explore variations in δ26Mg and δ66Zn across organisms of different feeding habits and (2) to understand Mg and Zn sources to stream organisms. Overall, δ26Mg and δ66Zn values of organisms were neither related to each other, nor to δ13C and δ15N values, indicating different elemental sources and factors controlling isotopic fractionation depending on element and taxa. Low δ26Mg values in filter‐feeding caddisfly larvae and small gobies indicated aqueous Mg uptake. Higher δ26Mg values in leaf‐shredding crane fly and grazing mayfly larvae suggested Mg isotopic fractionation during Mg uptake from the diet. While the δ26Mg values of stonefly nymphs reflected those of caddisfly larvae as a potential prey, the highest δ26Mg values found in dobsonfly nymphs can be explained by 26Mg enrichment during maturing. δ66Zn values of caddisfly and mayfly larvae indicated Zn was a mixture of aqueous and dietary available Zn, while higher δ66Zn values in crane fly larvae pointed to Zn isotopic fractionation during Zn uptake from plant litter. δ66Zn values in stonefly and dobsonfly nymphs were often in the range of those of caddisfly larvae as their prey, while dragonfly nymphs and small goby were depleted in 66Zn relative to their dietary Zn sources. We conclude that δ26Mg is a promising indicator to assess Mg sources in stream ecology depending on taxa, while the use of δ66Zn is limited due to the complexity in Zn sources.
Wildfire severity and postfire salvage harvest effects on long‐term forest regeneration
Authors: Povak Nicholas A. , Churchill Derek J. , Cansler C. Alina , Hessburg Paul F. , Kane Van R. , Kane Jonathan T. , Lutz James A. , Larson Andrew J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFollowing a wildfire, regeneration to forest can take decades to centuries and is no longer assured in many western U.S. environments given escalating wildfire severity and warming trends. After large fire years, managers prioritize where to allocate scarce planting resources, often with limited information on the factors that drive successful forest establishment. Where occurring, long‐term effects of postfire salvage operations can increase uncertainty of establishment. Here, we collected field data on postfire regeneration patterns within 13‐ to 28‐yr‐old burned patches in eastern Washington State. Across 248 plots, we sampled tree stems <4 m height using a factorial design that considered (1) fire severity, moderate vs. high severity; (2) salvage harvesting, salvaged vs. no management; and (3) potential vegetation type (PVT), sample resides in a dry, moist, or cold mixed‐conifer forest environment. We found that regeneration was abundant throughout the study region, with a median of 4414 (IQR 19,618) stems/ha across all plots. Only 15% of plots fell below minimum timber production stocking standards (350 trees/ha), and <2% of plots were unstocked. Densities were generally highest in high‐severity patches and following salvage harvesting, although high variability among plots and across sites led to variable significance for these factors. Post hoc analyses suggested that mild postfire weather conditions may have reduced water stress on tree establishment and early growth, contributing to overall high stem densities. Douglas fir was the most abundant species, particularly in moderate‐severity patches, followed by ponderosa pine, lodgepole pine, western larch, and Engelmann spruce. Generalized additive models (GAMs) revealed species‐level climatic tolerances and seed dispersal limits that portend future challenges to regeneration with expected future climate warming and increased fire activity. Postfire regeneration will occur on sites with adequate seed sources within their climatic tolerances.
Spatial and temporal variation of forest net primary productivity components on contrasting soils in northwestern Amazon
Authors: Jiménez Eliana M. , Peñuela‐Mora María Cristina , Moreno Flavio , Sierra Carlos A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractClimate is a strong determinant of tropical forest productivity; therefore, it is often assumed that Amazonian forest growing on the same local rainfall regime responds similarly to fluctuations in rainfall, independently of soil differences among them. We evaluated intra‐ and inter‐annual variation of net primary productivity (NPP) components, and forest dynamics during 2004–2012 yr in five forests on clay, clay‐loam, sandy‐clay‐loam, sandy‐loam and loamy‐sand soils, and the same local rainfall regime in northwestern Amazonia (Colombia). The questions were as follows: (1) Do NPP components and forest dynamics respond synchronously to temporal rainfall fluctuations? (2) Are the responses between above and belowground components and forest dynamics similar for different forest stands? A slight and complex synchronicity among different NPP components in their response to temporal rainfall fluctuations were found; few plots showed that aboveground biomass (AGB) and stem growth were susceptible to rainfall fluctuations, while belowground components (fine roots) showed correlation with one‐month lagged rainfall. Furthermore, despite that northwestern Amazonia is considered relatively aseasonal, litterfall showed high seasonality in the loam‐soil forest group, as well as the fine‐root mass, particularly during the 2005 drought. Litterfall correlation with rainfall of sandy‐loam terra‐firme forest was time lagged as well as fine‐root mass of the loamy‐sand forest. The correlation between mortality and rainfall was weak, except for the loamy‐sand forest (white‐sand forest, 77%). High mortality rates occurred in the non‐flooded forests for the censuses that included the dry years (2004–2005, 2005–2006). Interestingly, litterfall, AGB increment, and recruitment showed high correlation among forests, particularly within the loam‐soil forest group. Nonetheless, leaf area index (LAI) measured in the most contrasting forests (clay and loamy‐sand soil) was poorly correlated with rainfall, but highly correlated among them, which could be indicating a phenotypic response to the incident radiation in these sites; also, LAI did not reflect the differences in NPP components and their response to rainfall. Overall, the different temporal behavior of NPP components among forests in relation to rainfall fluctuations suggests the important role that soil exerts on the responses of plant species in each site, besides their effect on forest dynamics and community composition.
Body size plasticity in North American black and brown bears
Authors: Cameron Matthew D. , Hilderbrand Grant V. , Joly Kyle , Schmidt Joshua H. , Gustine David D. , Mangipane Lindsey S. , Mangipane Buck , Sorum Mathew S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBody size reflects realized physiological niche width at the population level and provides insights into the potential resiliency of a species to natural and anthropogenic perturbations to ecosystems. We analyzed patterns of American black and brown bear body size through a meta‐analysis of data from 18 studies conducted across North America, to evaluate the effects of species, sex, latitude, sympatry, and harvest. We used a bootstrap model selection procedure, which accounted for differences in sample size and population variation between studies, to investigate patterns in body mass. As expected, we found that brown bears were generally larger than black bears and both species were sexually dimorphic (i.e., males were generally larger than females). Black bear body size was not related to latitude, whereas brown bear body size was greatest at intermediate latitudes, possibly due to the presence of salmon. Neither sympatry nor harvest was associated with body size for either species at the geographic scale of our meta‐analyses, but both may warrant consideration at the local scale. Body size, as an index of population health, reflects phenotypic plasticity within species and populations and may serve as a useful indicator of niche utilization. Indeed, understanding large‐scale physiological patterns such as these can assist in understanding past, present, and future changes to realized niches and subsequent resiliency of species and populations.
What distinguish patients with compulsory treatment for severely undernourished anorexia nervosa
Authors: Di Lodovico Laura , Duquesnoy Maeva , Dicembre Marika , Ringuenet Damien , Godart Nathalie , Gorwood Philip , Melchior Jean‐Claude , Hanachi Mouna 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental disorder potentially leading to severe malnutrition and life‐threatening complications, with high mortality rates and dropouts from treatment. In the most severe cases, treatment refusal associated with acute nutritional disorders may require compulsory admission in specialised units. The aim of this study was to investigate clinical and nutritional parameters associated with the use of compulsory treatment for severely ill AN patients requiring intensive nutritional care.MethodsThis retrospective, single‐centre study performed in a unit of specialised nutritional care compared severely undernourished inpatients, compulsorily admitted for AN, with a population of sex‐ and age‐matched voluntarily admitted patients. Socio‐demographic and clinical variables were collected for univariate comparison and logistic regression.ResultsCompulsory treatment in AN was mainly associated with lower socio‐economic status (p < 0.01), history of lower weight (p < 0.05), more frequently prescribed psychotropic medication (p = 0.02), more previous admissions for AN, longer hospitalisations (p < 0.01) and binge eating/purging subtype (p = 0.02). Binge eating/purging subtype and the number of past admissions showed the strongest odds of compulsory treatment in multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe knowledge of factors associated with compulsory treatment may help practitioners of all fields to better evaluate its pertinence and indications in AN.