bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of antimicrobial prescribing pattern between Nepal and Pakistan
Authors: Nadeem Muhammad Umer , Dhami Ram Bahadur , Dahal Krishna Prasad , Pokharel Devi Ram , Singh Anil Kumar , Khan Imdad Hushain , Chaulagai Nibandha Prasad , Magar Bimal Gharti , Acharya Balika , Rehman Inaam Ur , Saleem Zikria 
Published: July 2020

Objective
The purpose of this cross-sectional study conducted in different private and public sector hospitals of the major cities of Nepal and Pakistan was to compare and evaluate the antibiotic prescribing patterns.
Methodology
The data was collected based on prescriptions received from different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan and Kathmandu, Nepal without much interaction with the patients.
Results
Out of a total of 272 patients, 111 (40.8%) patients from Nepal and 161 (59.19%) patients from Pakistan were prescribed with 447 antibiotics. In both countries, out of total antibiotics prescribed, 42.30% were 3rd generation cephalosporins. Also, in Pakistan and Nepal, out of all the indications, 49.2% of the antibiotics were given in medical prophylaxis.
Conclusion
In Pakistan, the antimicrobial prescription rate is comparatively higher than Nepal, and in both countries, there is a need of proper implementation of antibiotic prescribing guidelines for the prescription of antibiotics and the administration of antibiotics in medical prophylaxis.
Acceptability of goat's milk in high and elementary school networks
Authors: Peres Florence Dalila , Andrade Pedro Augusto Dias , Valentim Jean kaique , Parreira Daniela Paulino , Oliveira Daniel de Souza , Paula Karynne Luana Chaves de , Mendes Janaína Palermo , Pietramale Rita Therezinha Rolim , Ziemniczak Henrique Momo 
Published: July 2020

The goat's milk is an excellent choice to replace cow’s milk for children and adults, who are allergic to cow’s milk. Both the proteins and the fat portion of goat’s milk are absorbed by the body faster than cow's milk. Visually it is not possible to differentiate cow’s milk from goat’s milk, which can be differentiated through odor and taste which generates some concern to consumers. The objective of this study were to evaluate the acceptability of goat’s milk, compared to cow’s milk by children and young adults between 06 and 21 years old, in public network of schools Bambuí–MG, living in different socioeconomic levels, in order to verify if there is difference, in acceptance, between these two types of milk and study if the age and socioeconomic status could influence the results. Samples were prepared with chocolate powder and subjected to sensory evaluation by a group of 330 students, who are milk consumers. The samples were evaluated for preference through the hedonic scale of 5 points, asking about the score of the consumers and the preference of each type of milk. The test was conducted in two public schools. the data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test for comparison of means. Although goat's milk has some compositional characteristics and different physicochemical properties of cow's milk, there was no difference between them, due to acceptability between students of the public high school and elementary school network. The mixture 50% goat milk + 50% cow's milk generated greater rejection of the sampled population, a fact justified by the formation of small clots when mixing the different types of milks. Conventional cow's milk can be replaced by goat's milk in school meals, regardless of the age group and socioeconomic status of students.
PENDIDIKAN DEMOKRASI PADA TINGKAT SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS (Studi Pada Pemilihan Ketua OSIS Di SMA Negeri 1 Sinjai)
Authors: Admin Admin , Khairul Insan Mochamat Nurdin, 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini mengkaji mengenai tingkat pendidikan demokrasi bagi siswa/pelajar Sekolah Menengah Atas dalam memahami Demokrasi melalui Pemilihan Ketua OSIS di SMA Negeri 1 Sinjai. Diharapkan hasil dari penelitian ini dapat memberikan gambaran mengenai bagaimana siswa sekolah mengah atas itu dalam memahami demokrasi dan sekaligus dipraktekkan langsung melalui Pemilihan Ketua OSIS di SMA Negeri 1 Sinjai. Adapun salah satu pemahaman yang meraka dapatkan secara pertama kali melalui Mata Pejaran PKN yang membahas mengenai Demokrasi itu sendiri. Yang ingin diteliti disini apakah sejalan dengan mata pelajaran tersebut dengan pelaksanaan pemilihan ketua osis tersebut secara prakteknya dilihat dari pemahaman demokrasi yang disampaikan oleh Schumpeter mengenai demokrasi procedural.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dimana yang dijadikan Informan adalah Pihak-Pihak terkait baik dari Kepala Sekolah, para Kandidat Ketua OSIS serta Siswa secara random. Data hasil temuan dilapangan dianalisis dengan Metode Analisis Interaktif yang dikemukakan oleh Miles dan Huberman. Dimana hasil data yang diolah nantinya mampu menghasilkan model pendidikan demokrasi yang ada di Sekolah Menengah Atas itu sejalan dengan demokrasi prosedural yang disampaikan oleh Schumpeter.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pendidikan Politik yang dilakukan melalui dunia pendidikan dan dilaksanakan secara langsung oleh siswa SMA Negeri 1 Sinjai telah memahami tentang hak dan kewajibannya sebagai warga Negara dan mampu mengartikulasikan kepentingannya dengan baik. Melalui pemilihan ketua OSIS tersebut mereka mampu mengaktualisasikan pemahaman mereka mengenai Demokrasi yang berdasar preferensi yang telah mereka dapatkan baik melalui Mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn) maupun melalui media social dan elektronik yang telah mereka dapatkan.
Luaran dari kegiatan ini adalah: (1) model pendidikan demokrasi yang ada di Sekolah Menengah Atas itu sejalan dengan demokrasi prosedural yang disampaikan oleh Schumpeter, (2) Terbentuknya pemahaman para siswa tentang demokrasi secara langsung lewat pemilihan ketua OSIS tersebut, dan (3) Mampu diterbitkan melalui Jurnal ilmiah yang ada di STISIP Muhammadiyah Sinjai.
STRATEGI KEPALA DESA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PROGRAM UNGGULAN DI DESA BARAMBANG KECAMATAN SINJAI BORONG
Authors: Admin Admin , Syamsiah Hasyim Hasdinawati, 
Published: July 2020

Kegiatan penelitian ini menitik beratkan pada strategi kepala desa dalam mewujudka program kerja unggulan di desaBarambang kecamatan Sinjai Borong.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancaradan dokumentasi. Informan yang diguanakan adalah KepalaDesa Barambang, ketua BPD, Tokoh Masyarakat, Aparat Desadan Staf Desa. Teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan memberikan kesimpulan.
Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pemerintah desa Barambang memiliki beberapa strategi dalam mewujudkan program unggulan yang telah dirumuskan bersama, yakni kepala desa sebelum melaksanakan program yang direncakana terlebih dahulu beberapa program kemudian dirumuskan bersama aparatur dan lembaga-lembaga terkait serta tokoh-tokoh masyarakat desa Barambang, dan program yang dirancang pun tidak terlepas dari kebutuhan masyarakat dan juga disesuaikan dengan dana Desa yang ada serta selalu juga memprioritaskan realisasian program yang lebih dibutuhkan masyarakat demi menciptakan kesejahteraan bersama.
MODEL COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE DALAM PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PETERNAKAN ITIK DI KABUPATEN SIDRAP
Authors: Admin Admin , Abdul Jabbar A. Lukman 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode deskriptif kualitatif. data yang dikumpulkan melalui hasil observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi diuji keabsahan melalui triangulasi data sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan penelitian.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan berbagai phenomena dalam proses kolaborasi terhadap pengembangan usaha ternak itik di Desa Kanie. Kondisi, peternakan di desa kanie yang masih bersipat tradisional, belum ada kebijakan yang mengatur tentang wilayah kekuasaan para peternak. Sedangkan berdasarkan Desain Kelembagaan, pemerintah desa Bersama dengan masyarakat serta pelibatan pihak luar (swasta) belum terjadi, pemerintah desa belum melakukan langkah kolaboratif guna memotivasi pengembangan usaha ternak itik di desa Kanie.
KINERJA KOMITE PEMANTAU LEGISLATIF (KOPEL) DALAM MELAKUKAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI DPRD KABUPATEN SINJAI
Authors: Admin Admin , Tahir Supratman 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Sinjai dengan objek penelitian yaitu Komite Pemantau Legislatif Sinjai dengan tujuan untuk mengetahuikinerja Komite Pemantau Legislatif (KOPEL) dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan fungsi DPRD Kabupaten Sinjai.
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif yakni hasil penelitian yang diperoleh berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan perilaku yang dapat diamati melalui proses wawancara dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif, yaitu penelitian yang menggambarkan secara jelas kinerja Komite Pemantau Legislatif (KOPEL) dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan fungsi DPRD Kabupaten Sinjai.Selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri dari koleksi data, reduksi data, verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan.
Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah dari segi Kemampuan (Skill) dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi DPRD Kabupaten Sinjai cukup baik hal tersebut terlihat dari kemapuan anggota Kopel Sinjai dalam melakukan tugas pemantauan cukup memahami tugas dan tanggunggjawabnya karena telah dibekali dengan pengalaman selama mengikuti proses magang selama 2 bulan selain itu anggota Kopel Sinjai juga telah melaksanakan tugas sesuai dengan yang diperintahkan oleh pimpinan. Mengenai loyalitas anggota maupun pengurus Komite Pemantau Legislatif Kabupaten Sinjai juga cukup baik hal tersebut terlihat dari sikap penerimaan anggota terhadap pekerjaannya serta kesanggupan dan kepatuhan dalam melaksanakan setiap pekerjaan dengan baik sedangkan dari segitanggungjawab yang dimiliki setiap anggota telah mengetahui tugas dan tanggungjawabnya yang diberikan sebagaiman telah diatur dalam struktur organisasi yang dijabarkan dalam uraian tugas dan tanggungjawab masing-masing. Setiap anggota maupun pengurus memiliki tanggungjawab terhadap pekerjaan yang dibebankan serta mampu menyelesaikan pekerjaan dengan waktu yang ditetapkan. Imbalan/Gajidalam menjalankan tugas pemantauan, Komite Pemantau Legislatif Sinjai tidak mengenal melainkan pemberian kompensasi atau honor program yang diambil dari hasil investasi atau dana saving. Untuk menunjang efektifitas organisasi setiap anggota dibekali dengan modal pengabdian serta doktrin organisasi sehingga setiap anggota tetap memiliki semangat kerja dengan perinsip gerakan yang mereka miliki.
Estado de los bosques de Araucaria angustifolia: especie nativa en peligro crítico
Authors: Luna Claudia V. , Fontana María L. 
Published: July 2020

La familia Araucariaceae está representada en Argentina por el género Araucaria. Araucaria angustifolia es una especie que a pesar de poseer superioridad en cuanto a magnitud respecto a otros árboles con los que compite; por su estado de conservación es considerada en peligro crítico de extinción. En este trabajo se expone de qué manera esta especie ha sido explotada por su madera y la expansión agrícola. Es porello que este artículo describe el estado del arte de este recurso haciendo énfasis en la importancia desde el punto de vista maderable como así también su utilidad, estado de conservación del recurso y recursos genéticos disponibles, ya que solo a través del conocimiento del patrimonio que poseemos es posible implementar acciones para su conservación, protección e integración de las comunidades locales en dichas actividades.
AbstractThe Araucariaceae family in Argentina is represented by the genus Araucaria. Araucaria angustifolia is a species despite having superiority in magnitude over other trees with which it competes; his condition is considered critically endangered. In the context of this work we propose how this species has been exploited for its timber and agricultural expansion. That is why this paper describes the state of art of this resourceemphasizing the importance from the point of view timber as well as its utility, state resource conservation and genetic resources, since only through knowledge of heritage we possess is possible to implement actions for conservation, protection and integration of local communities in such activities.
CLINICAL STUDY OF LAGHUPANCHMOOLA SADHIT COW’S MILK IN COW’S MILK PROTEIN ALLERGY
Authors: Sujata Sharma  , Avdesh Dangwal  , Reena Pandey  , N. Sujatha  
Published: July 2020

In Ayurveda classics it is pointed out that cow’s milk have Vamaka, Virechaka, Sarama and Abhisyandi properties. In classics, it has been mentioned that cow milk should always be processed with Laghupanchmoola before it is consumed.
Aims and Objectives of the study: To study Aetiopathogensis of cow milk protein allergy and to evaluate the efficacy of Laghupanchmoola sadhit cow milk in CMPA.
Material & Methods: To fulfill the above Aims and Objectives: Total 35 patients were selected between the age group of 0-3 years of age with symptoms of CMPA. Hb%, complete history and elimination-challenge test were used for evaluation of the patients. Laghupanchmoola granules dose depend upon age and duration of trial was 60 days.
Results: After analyzing the data statistically in 30 patients, statistically highly significant improvements were found in diarrhea, abdominal pain, respiratory difficulty and vomiting. Significant improvements were found in dermatitis. No improvement was found in anemia and nausea. Statistically highly significant improvement was found in weight, height, mid arm circumference, chest circumference and head circumference. After full observation of treatment modules, it was found that: Number of patient with complete improvement was 0, Number of patient unchanged was 2 (6.5%), Mild improvement was observed in 05 patients (16.6%), and Moderate improvement was observed in 21 patients (70%), where marked improvement was observed in 2 patients (6.7%).
Conclusion: Laghupanchmoola proved quite effective in managing the patients of CMPA due to its Tridoṣahar, Deepana, Aamdoshanasaka, Balya and Brahmanna properties.
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL STUDY OF CHANDRASHOORPAYAS (GARDEN CRESS SEED PORRIDGE) AS DIETARY SUPPLEMENT FOR LACTATING MOTHERS
Authors: Medha S.Kulkarni  , Shital Pise  
Published: July 2020

In India many dietary supplements are given to lactating mothers for sustained and ample milk to nourish their baby. Chandrashoora Payas (Garden cress seeds porridge) is one such recipe given to nursing mothers to increase lactation. Objective: This study is planned to assess the role of Chandrashoor Payas as a dietary supplement in lactation deficiency (Stanyakshaya), taking control group of Shatavari Powder and milk to ascertain which is better. Shatavari powder is taken as a control group since it is a clinically proven galactagogue medicine in Ayurveda. Material and Methods: Total 64 lactating mothers diagnosed with lactation deficiency were screened for clinical trial, out of which 60 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and included in the trial. Selected patients were divided randomly in two groups by a simple random method. Study group was administered Chandrashoora Payas 100ml in morning; and the control group was with 5gm Shatavari powder with 100ml milk for 45 days. Follow up visit was on every 15th day. Estimation of milk production and infant weight gain were assessed by comparing difference in grades.
Observations and Results: Study revealed that both Chandrashoorapayas and Shatavari and milk produced significant improvement p< 0.001 in most of the variables and were comparable in reliving all the symptoms of lactation deficiency. On comparison both the drugs show similar effect.
Conclusion: No adverse effects were observed in the trial group, as safety parameters were within normal limit during the study and overall compliance to the treatment was good. Both the interventions were comprehensively effective in management of lack of lactation. Chandrashoorapayas is a dietary supplement which gives similar results as Shatvari which is a medicine.
EVALUATE THE EFFICACY OF SHASHTIK-SHALI PINDA SWEDA AND ABHYANGA IN MANAGEMENT OF PAKSHAGHATA ALONG WITH VIRECHANA W.S.R. TO HEMIPLEGIA
Authors: Nisha Singh  , Sriyash Dubey  
Published: July 2020

Body is assembled by Vata Pitta and Kapha Dosha each assigned to do its Kshaya, Poshana and Dharana Karma. Vata dominates both because of its Yogavahi Guna. Pakshaghata is one of the grievous Vata Vyadhi in Ayurveda. Sansarga of other Dosha and Dhatu leads to involvement of Shodhana and Shaman Chikitsa. Snehana therapy, Bahya and Abhyantar are well known for its treatment in Vata Vyadhi. Inclination towards modernization and deviation from basic healthy life make the body vulnerable for disease especially Vata Vyadhi. We know Vata Vyadhi are fulminate in nature but early diagnosis with the help of investigation tools like CT scan, MRI etc; we can prevent from further damage caused by previous pathology. Sansarga of other Dosha and Dhatu leads to involvement of Shodhana and Shaman Chikitsa. In terms of treatment Virechana had been mentioned as Shodhana Chikitsa in our Samhita.
Here an attempt was made to apply Virechana treatment with two different Poorva karma and to evaluate the efficacy with an applied aspect. The study had been conducted on 30 patients of Pakshaghata (Hemiplegia) who were divided in two groups and were given below treatments nearly for 1 month. Group A: Virechana followed by Shashtik-Shali Pindasweda. Group B: Virechana followed by Abhyanga. It was observed that both groups are effective in Ruja, Gauravta and Cheshtanivriti in the management of Pakshaghata (Hemiplegia) but Group A is more effective in comparison to Group B.
THE CONCEPT OF IMMUNOMODULATION IN AYURVEDA W.S.R. TO ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN PREVENTING EMERGING INFECTIONS LIKE COVID 2019
Authors: Sinimol. T.P  , Emy S Surendran  , Soumya M C  
Published: July 2020

Ayurveda is one of the most renowned traditional systems of medicine that has survived and flourished from ages till date. The two basic aims of Ayurvedic science is to maintain the health of healthy person and curing the ill health of the diseased. Here is a comprehensive review of the Ayurvedic classical texts, to understand the Ayurvedic perspectives of immunomodulation w.s.r. to its significance in preventing emerging infections like COVID 2019 pandemic. Background: The review is prepared based on the Ayurvedic perspectives and practices of immunity described in various classical Ayurvedic text books like Brhitrayis, Laghutrayis, their commentaries and published research articles. Review Results: Ayurveda enlists various enhancers of immunity, which include Dinacharya (daily regimen), Ritucharya (seasonal regimen), proper diet, exercise, specific foods like milk, Rasayanas like Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), meditation, Yoga-pranayama, Achara Rasayana (good conduct of behaviour). The concept of Vyaadhiksamatva is not merely immunity against a specific infectious agent or disease like the concept of modern medicine. Rather, it denotes resistance against the loss of integrity, proportion and inter-relationship amongst the individual’s Doshas (biohumours) and Dhatus (tissues), which can be increased by various methods mentioned in Ayurveda. Conclusion: New infections are emerging which are not manageable by conventional medicine like the COVID 2019 pandemic. Soit is high time to educate people about the valuable teachings on leading a healthy and subsequently a happier life with the help of the immunomodulatory techniques described in Ayurveda.
URGENSI PERUBAHAN POLA PIKIR DALAM MEMBANGUN PENDIDIKAN BERMUTU
Authors: Kodrat Dr. Denny 
Published: July 2020

Harapan untuk menghasilkan keluaran yang bermutu sesuai dengan keinginan masyarakat merupakan dambaan semua pihak. Institusi pendidikan seiring dengan tantangan dan persaingan global berlomba untuk memberikan nilai tambah dari lulusan yang dibinanya dan memberikan pengaruh positif (outcome) terhadap kemajuan peradaban masyarakat. Berturut-turut pendidikan Indonesia belum dapat berbicara banyak dalam kompetisi regional dan internasional sebagaimana rilis PISA. Begitu pula guru sebagai ujung tombak dalam pelayanan pendidikan dipandang belum memiliki kompetensi yang memadai untuk memberikan pelayanan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan tuntutan jaman. Pengguliran konsep pendidikan abad 21 dipandang menjadi jalan keluar (way out) dalam mengakomodasi potensi pembelajar yang adaptif dengan perubahan dan digital. Keterampilan dalam berpikir kritis, kolaborasi serta penajaman kemampuan literasi diharapkan mampu meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Tentu saja perubahan pola pikir (mindset) terhadap hakikat pendidikan menjadi prasyarat mutlak dalam upaya menghadirkan pendidikan bermutu di tengah masyarakat.
Hope for creating a qualified outcome which meets people need is every person expectation. Educational institution in the era of global competition attempts to give added values and positive outcome towards its graduation in enhancing civilization. Education of Indonesia has not got achievement in regional and international competition as PISA released. At the same time, a teacher as a front liner in giving educational service is regarded not to have an adequate qualification in up to date teaching activity. The concept of education in the 21 century is considered as a way out in accommodating a learner which is adaptive with a change and digital. Skills in critical thinking, collaboration, and shaping literacy competence are expected to improve the quality of education. The change of mindset towards the nature of education is an important requirement in presenting a good education in society.