bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new index for evaluating the antioxidant capacity of hemodialysis membranes using Fenton’s reagent
Authors: Tange Yoshihiro , Michikoshi Junichi , Tomo Tadashi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration therapy involve supplying large amounts of blood and dialysis fluid to a hemodialyzer. Although the biocompatibility of dialysis membranes has improved recently, a standard evaluation method has not been established. In this study, we aimed to establish a standard method for evaluating the antioxidant capacity of hemodialysis membranes.

Methods
We used Fenton’s reagent to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of the spent washing solution for dialyzers and hemodialysis membranes. The dialysis membrane materials used for the test were conventional or vitamin E-coated polysulfone.

Results
The luminescence in the first 200 mL of the spent washing solutions was significantly lower than that of the control solution, for both the polysulfone and vitamin E-coated polysulfone membranes, because the dialyzer filling solution contained sodium metabisulfite as an antioxidant. Compared with the conventional polysulfone membrane, the vitamin E-coated membrane maintained its antioxidant capacity index after exposure to Fenton’s reagent. Vitamin E-coated membranes inhibited oxidation by Fenton’s reagent 5.5% more than polysulfone membranes.

Conclusions
Exposure to Fenton’s reagent can serve as a standard in vitro index to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of dialysis membrane materials that require large quantities of solution.
An advanced method for surface damage detection of concrete structures in low-light environments based on image enhancement and object detection networks
Authors: Jiang Tianyong , Liu Lin , Hu Chunjun , Li Lingyun , Zheng Jianhua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSurface damage detection in concrete structures is critical for maintaining structural integrity, yet current object detection algorithms often struggle in low-light environments. To address this challenge, this study proposed a methodology that integrates image enhancement and object detection networks to improve damage identification in such conditions. Specifically, we employ the self-calibrated illumination (SCI) model to reconstruct low-light images, which are then processed by an improved YOLOv5-based network, YOLOv5-GAM-ASFF, incorporating a global attention mechanism (GAM) and adaptive spatial feature fusion (ASFF). The performance of YOLOv5-GAM-ASFF is evaluated on a dataset of concrete structure damage images, demonstrating its superiority over YOLOv5s, YOLOv6s, and YOLOv7-tiny. The results show that YOLOv5-GAM-ASFF achieves a mAP@0.5 of 79.1%, surpassing the other models by 1.3%, 3.3%, and 5.8%, respectively. This approach provides a reliable solution for surface damage detection in low-light environments, advancing the field of structural health monitoring by improving detection accuracy under challenging conditions.
Spontaneous parametric down-conversion like oscillations in a partially inverted double pendulum
Authors: Sarkar Rebeka , Khastgir Sugata Pratik , Kumar Krishna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present the nonlinear motions of a partially inverted coplanar double pendulum with velocity-dependent damping under parametric driving. It shows a new type of complex periodic and quasiperiodic oscillations where the sum of two dominating frequencies of the solution is equal to the driving frequency, which is analogous to the phenomenon of spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). The dominating response frequencies of the double pendulum are independent of the normal mode frequencies when such motion occurs.
Conserved roles of engrailed: patterning tissues and specifying cell types
Authors: Joyner Alexandra L. , Ortigão-Farias João Ramalho , Kornberg Thomas 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
More than 40 years ago, studies of the Drosophila engrailed and Hox genes led to major discoveries that shaped the history of developmental biology. We learned that these genes define the state of determination of cells that populate particular spatially defined regions: the identity of segmental domains by Hox genes, and the identity of posterior developmental compartments by engrailed. Hence, the boundaries that delimit spatial domains depend on engrailed. Here, we review the engrailed field, which now includes orthologs in Drosophila and mouse, as well as many other animals. We focus on fly and mouse and highlight additional functions that span early stages of embryogenesis and neural development.
Solar radiation alters heat balance and thermoregulation in a flying desert bee
Authors: Johnson Meredith G. , Barrett Meghan , Harrison Jon F. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Solar radiation is an important environmental variable for terrestrial animals, but its impact on the heat balance of large flying insects has been poorly studied. Desert bees are critical to ecosystem function through their pollination services, and are exposed to high radiant loads. We assessed the role of solar radiation in the heat balance of flying desert Centris pallida bees by calculating heat budgets for individuals in a respirometer in shaded versus sunny conditions from 16 to 37°C air temperatures, comparing the large and small male morphs and females. Solar radiation was responsible for 43 to 54% of mean total heat gain. Bees flying in the sun had thorax temperatures 1.7°C warmer than bees flying in the shade, storing a very small fraction of incident radiation in body tissues. In most cases, flight metabolic rate was not suppressed for bees flying in the sun, but evaporative water loss rates more than doubled. The most dramatic response to solar radiation was an increase in convection, mediated by a more than doubling of convective conductance, allowing thermoregulation while conserving body water. In large morph males and females, the increased convective conductance in the sun was mediated by increased heat transfer from the thorax to abdomen. Because convection is limited as body temperatures approach air temperatures, solar radiation combined with warming air temperatures may cause endothermic flying bees to reach a tipping point at which increases in non-sustainable evaporation are necessary for survival.
A 0,1 Linear Programming Approach to Deadlock Detection and Management in Railways
Authors: Dal Sasso Veronica , Lamorgese Leonardo , Mannino Carlo , Onofri Andrea , Ventura Paolo 
Published: December 2024

In railway systems, a deadlock occurs when trains accidentally occupy positions that prevent each other from moving forward. Although deadlocks are rare events, they do occur from time to time, requiring costly recourse actions and generating significant knock-on delays. In this paper, we present a noncompact 0,1 linear programming formulation and a methodology for discovering (possibly future) deadlocks and the subsequent implementation of optimal recovery measures. The approach is implemented in a tool to dispatch trains in real time developed in cooperation with Union Pacific (UP) and currently in operations on the entire UP network. Funding: This work was partially funded by Europe’s Rail, Flagship Project MOTIONAL [Action Horizon JU Innovation, Project 101101973]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2024.0521 .
Suicide methods among Brazilian women from 1980 to 2019: Influence of age, period, and cohort
Authors: Meira Karina Cardoso , Guimarães Raphael Mendonça , Silva Glauber Weder Santos , Jomar Rafael Tavares , Dantas Eder Samuel Oliveira 
Published: December 2024

Objective
To analyze the effect of age, period, and cohort on suicides among women by hanging, strangulation, suffocation, firearms, and autointoxication in different Brazilian regions from 1980 to 2019.

Methods
Ecological time-trend study employing estimable functions to estimate APC models, facilitated through the Epi library of the R statistical program, version 4.2.1. Specific rates by age group per 100,00 women and relative risks by period and cohort were estimated using this method.

Results
Between 1980 and 2019, 49,997 suicides among women were reported using the methods under study. Higher suicide rates per 100,000 women were observed in the South using strangulation and suffocation (2.42), while lower firearm suicide rates were observed in the Northeast (0.13). After adjusting the APC model, there was an increase in age-specific rates with advancing age across all regions for suicides by hanging, strangulation, and suffocation. In contrast, suicides by firearms and autointoxication showed a decrease in rates with advancing age. The period effect indicated an increased risk of suicides by hanging, strangulation (RR >1 and p<0.05) in the five-year intervals of the 2000s in the North, Southeast, and South regions. During the same period, there was an increased risk of suicides by autointoxication in the Southeast, South, and Northeast (RR>1, p<0.05). Suicides by firearms exhibited a statistically significant reduction in the risk of death from 2005 to 2019 in the Southeast and South regions, and from 2005 to 2014 in the Northeast and Midwest. The observed increase in the North region was not statistically significant (RR>1, p>0.05). The cohort effect demonstrated an increased risk of suicides by hanging, strangulation in younger cohorts (RR>1, p<0.05), whereas other methods showed an elevated risk in older cohorts relative to the 1950–1954 generation.

Conclusion
The results presented here may suggest changes in suicide method preferences between 1980 and 2019.
Women’s narratives of experiences, drivers and consequences of mistreatment during maternity care in western Ethiopia
Authors: Kasaye Habtamu , Scarf Vanessa , Sheehy Annabel , Baird Kathleen 
Published: December 2024

Background
The mistreatment of women during maternity care hinders quality care globally and deter women from seeking health services. To implement necessary actions, it is essential to explore instances of mistreatment, their factors and negative outcomes. This study explores the narratives of mistreatment experienced by women, its drivers, as well as the consequences of mistreatment.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive qualitative study among women who had received maternity care at East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with purposively selected participants in Afan Oromo, each lasting, on average, 30 to 60 minutes. Interviews were conducted within three months of childbirth and discontinued upon reaching data saturation at seventeen interviews. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, translated into English, coded using NVivo 12 and analysed through thematic and framework analysis.

Result
Three main themes were identified in this study: experiences, drivers, and consequences of mistreatment of women during maternity care. The narratives of mistreatment fell into two sub-themes: interpersonal abuse and mistreatment in the process of care. Women described experiencing physical and verbal abuse, stigma, and discrimination, as well as neglect and abandonment, violations of privacy and confidentiality, and health facility failures related to resource limitations. These forms of mistreatment were perceived to arise from a complex interaction of factors at an individual, interpersonal, and facility level, as well as broader health system and societal norms, such as gender inequality. The identified consequences of mistreatment included fear of future childbirth, negative perceptions towards health facilities and healthcare providers, switching to home birth, and psychological stress.

Conclusions
This qualitative study presents women’s first-hand experiences of mistreatment in health facilities, highlighting various forms stemming from interpersonal interactions and systemic deficiencies in care quality. These experiences lead to significant negative consequences and implications on service delivery. The findings underscore the importance of understanding the complex factors driving mistreatment, extending beyond individual healthcare providers’ behaviours to macro-level health system issues and general violence against women in society. This emphasises the importance of applying a systems-thinking approach to address the abuse and suffering women experience during maternity care in health facilities.
Body mass as a result of psychological, lifestyle and genetic determinants. A pilot study involving overweight/obese and normal weight women in their early adulthood
Authors: Obara-Gołębiowska Małgorzata , Przybyłowicz Katarzyna Eufemia , Danielewicz Anna , Sawicki Tomasz 
Published: December 2024

Aim
The causes of obesity and overweight are complex and depend on mutually interrelated groups of lifestyle, psychological and genetic factors. Among 46 identified point mutations known within FTO gene, mutation SNP rs9939609 has the strongest effect on an increase in body weight. Therefore, the study aimed to assess psychological, lifestyle and genetic factors (expressed by the frequency of the FTO SNP rs-9939609 gene variant) and their association with body weight in young adult women.

Methods
We genotyped FTO rs9939609 SNP in cheek swabs collected from 49 women aged 18–35, equally with and without overweight and obesity. Eating behaviour was defined based on the Questionnaire of Eating-Related Behaviors (QERB) and physical activity by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Classical anthropometric indices and the body composition analysis results measured by bioelectrical impedance were used to characterise nutritional status.

Results
Overweight/obese participants had significantly higher body composition parameters than normal-weight participants, along with lower physical activity levels and more time spent sitting. Overweight/obese women presented significantly higher scores in emotional overeating, habitual overeating, and dietary restrictions, indicating more problematic eating behaviors compared to normal-weight individuals. No significant differences were observed in BMI, lifestyle factors, or eating behaviors across FTO gene variants (AA, AT, and TT). However, the TT and AT FTO gene variant groups showed significant positive correlations between habitual overeating and key measures of body weight (BMI, WC, and FM). In contrast, the AA variant group exhibited fewer associations between psychological and lifestyle factors with body weight.

Conclusions
Psychological and lifestyle factors, particularly overeating behaviors, were more strongly associated with increased body weight in women with the TT and AT variants of the FTO SNP rs-9939609 gene, highlighting the potential influence of genetic predisposition on eating habits and weight status in this population. Proper eating habits and high physical activity play an important role in preventing overweight and obesity regardless of the genotype that poses a potential risk of weight gain. The study’s findings bring practical implications for health education and health psychology.
Does the site of research evidence generation impact on its translation to clinical practice? A protocol paper
Authors: Pu Dai , Mitchell Debra , Brusco Natasha , Stephen Kelly , Hutchinson Ana , Griffith Anna , McDonald Cassie , Irwin Lucy , Said Cathy , O’Brien Lisa , Weller-Newton Jennifer , Haines Terry P. 
Published: December 2024

The research-to-practice gap is a well-known phenomenon. The adoption of evidence into clinical practice needs to consider the complexity of the health care system and a multitude of contextual issues. Research evidence is usually a form of extrinsic motivation for practice change, but works best when it aligns with the intrinsic values of the system and the people in it. Health professionals tend to refer to internal, local policies, information sources and procedures more than external academic research evidence. This protocol paper describes a mixed-methods study with a quasi-experimental design that seeks to investigate how involvement in research might impact the uptake or implementation of recommendations arising from that research. Research evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mobilisation alarms for falls prevention will be disseminated at 36 hospital wards in Victoria, Australia. Eighteen of these wards will be sites where this research evidence was generated; another 18 wards will not have been involved in evidence generation. The uptake of research evidence will be measured across three time points using quantitative and qualitative data.
Trial registration: This study has been registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12621000823875p.
Colon mucosal proteomics of ankylosing spondylitis versus gut inflammation
Authors: Cheng Miao , Xiao Siqi , Kayi Shaer , Guan Yujie , Liu Yingxin , Chen Jianmei , Chen Hua , Wang Lei , He Xiaojin 
Published: December 2024

Objective
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients often present with microscopic signs of gut inflammation. We used proteomic techniques to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the colon tissues of patients with AS and patients with gut inflammation, and then used investigated the influence of NMRAL1 protein on inflammatory cytokines to explore its potential role in the pathogenesis of AS and gut inflammation.

Methods
Colonic mucosal tissues were collected from four different groups: healthy individuals (group A), patients with gut inflammation only (group B), patients with AS only (group C), and patients with AS combined with gut inflammation (group D). A total of 20 samples were processed for proteomic analysis, wherein proteins were extracted using SDT lysis, followed by separation via sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The proteins were digested using the filter-aided sample preparation (FASP) method and then analyzed using a timsTOF Pro mass spectrometer. The resulting peptide data were used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) across the different groups. To further explore the inflammation-related function of NMRAL1 protein, the murine monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was used. NMRAL1 mRNA expression levels were assessed via RT-qPCR, and inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-23) were measured using ELISA following NMRAL1 siRNA transfection in LPS-treated macrophages.

Results
We collected colonic mucosa specimens from 20 patients, including groups A,B, C and D with 5 patients in each group. We established a database of DEPs and identified 107 (63 upregulated and 44 downregulated) between group B and group A, 78 (16 upregulated and 62 downregulated) between group D and group C, 45 (8 upregulated and 37 downregulated) between group D and group B, and 57 (33 upregulated and 24 downregulated) between group C and group A. Further analysis revealed that the NmrA-like family domain containing 1 (NMRAL1) protein was identified as a DEP specifically associated with group D. The results of in vitro results showed a significant decrease in NMRAL1 mRNA expression in LPS-treated cells (P<0.001), which was further reduced in NMRAL1 siRNA-transfected cells (P<0.0001), confirming successful transfection. ELISA results revealed that the levels of key inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17 and IL-23) were significantly elevated in the LPS-treated model group (P<0.0001, P<0.001), but these levels were significantly decreased after NMRAL1 siRNA transfection (P<0.0001, P<0.01, P<0.05).

Conclusion
NMRAL1 is identified as a key differentially expressed protein in AS patients with gut inflammation. Knockdown of NMRAL1 significantly reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting its potential role in the pathogenesis of AS and gut inflammation, and as a possible therapeutic target.
Factors associated with the uptake and utilisation of diabetic retinopathy screening services in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review
Authors: Nwaoha Iheanyi Oby , Balibuno Albain Ayime , Ibrahim Nuha 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of chronic Diabetes that can lead to visual impairment if left untreated. While concerted efforts have been made to develop screening modalities to facilitate the early detection of Diabetic Retinopathy in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the factors impacting the optimal use of these screening services. This paper aims to identify and highlight factors associated with the access of Diabetic Retinopathy screening services from patient and service provider perspectives.

Methodology
This scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework. A comprehensive search of peer-reviewed articles and grey literature was conducted from May 2023 to June 2023. Electronic databases searched include Medline, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL Complete, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, and African Journal Online (AJOL). Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved records for eligibility, and relevant data was extracted from the included studies. A descriptive overview of key findings was provided, and the 5As conceptual framework of access to healthcare was used to map the identified factors.

Results
The search strategy yielded 873 records. Of those, 19 studies met the criteria for inclusion. Health literacy and duration of Diabetes were reported in 12 and 9 studies as the most common factors associated with DR screening services access. Similarly, age at onset and inadequate referral by healthcare providers were cited as significant determinants of DR screening access in 7 studies, respectively.

Conclusion
The 5As framework of access to healthcare aids our understanding of factors associated with the access of DR screening from patient and service provider standpoints. To address these issues, there is a need for more research on this topic to design effective DR screening services in the region.