bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspirin Does Not Increase the Need for Hemostatic Interventions in Blunt Liver and Spleen Injuries.
Authors: Huang Jen-Fu , Cheng Chi-Tung , Fu Chih-Yuan , Huang Yu-Tung Anton , Hsu Chih-Po , Yang Chun-Hsiang Ou , Liao Chien-Hung , Hsieh Chi-Hsun , Chang Shang-Hung 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The prohemorrhagic effect of aspirin may cause concern about worse prognoses when treating blunt hepatic or splenic injuries. This study investigated whether preinjury aspirin yields an increasing need for hemostatic interventions.Methods: Admission and outpatient records were extracted from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from 2003 to 2015. Patients with splenic or hepatic injuries were identified. Patients with preinjury nonaspirin APAC or with penetrating injuries were excluded. The primary outcome measurement was the necessity of invasive procedures to stop bleeding, including transarterial embolization (TAE) and surgeries. One-to-two propensity score matching (PSM) was used to minimize selection bias. Multilogistic regression (MLR) analysis was used to identify factors associated with hemostatic interventions.Results: 20,470 (60.6%) had blunt hepatic injuries, and 15,235 (45.1%) had blunt splenic injuries, of whom 691 (3.4%) and 667 (4.4%) used preinjury aspirin, respectively. In the blunt hepatic injury cohort, there was no significant difference in the need for hemostatic procedures (TAE (6.1% vs 6.1%, p=1.000), exploratory laparotomy (6.1% vs 6.1%, p=1.000), hepatectomy (3.0% vs 2.7%, p=0.694) or hepatorrhaphy (14.3% vs 15.0%, p=0.681)). MLR analysis showed that preinjury aspirin did not increase the need for hemostatic interventions (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.73-1.16, p=0.473). Regarding the blunt splenic injury cohort, there was no significant difference in the need for hemostatic procedures (TAE (11.5% vs 10.6%, p=0.547), splenectomy (43.5% vs 41.4%, p=0.407) or splenorrhaphy (3.0% vs 3.3%, p=0.698)). An MLR analysis showed that preinjury aspirin did not increase the need for hemostatic interventions (OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.91-1.38, p=0.290).Conclusions: Preinjury aspirin use is not associated with increased hemostatic procedures in blunt hepatic or splenic injuries.
Inclusive Education in the European Union: A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Education Policy for Autism
Authors: Kessel Robin van , Hrzic Rok , Cassidy Sarah , Brayne Carol , Baron-Cohen Simon , Roman-Urrestarazu Andres , Czabanowska Katarzyna 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Children with special education needs (SEN), such as autistic children, benefit from being included in education along with typical peers. However, development and implementation of inclusive education (IE) is considered difficult. This paper identifies conditions that facilitate IE development for autistic children in the European Union and benchmarks to track IE policy development. Methods: Education policy data from thirty legislative regions in the European Union were analyzed through a qualitative comparative analysis using eight conditions: a definition of SEN, the right to education for children with SEN, support for teaching staff, support services for children with SEN, individualized learning outcomes, parental involvement, and mixed mainstream classes.Results: The right to education for children with SEN is implemented in all regions under study. Seven of the examined conditions were associated with an environment of IE in the European Union from an autism perspective: an established definition of SEN, support for teaching staff, general availability of support services for children with SEN, individualized learning outcomes, parental involvement, IE policies, and mixed mainstream classrooms. Mixed classrooms and support services for children with SEN were identified as necessary for IE. IE policies and support for teaching staff were present in all scenarios that facilitated IE. Even though the analysis was initially focused on autism, the policies consisted predominantly of general SEN policies. As such, the results can be interpreted in a wider context, beyond autism.Conclusion: Mixed mainstream classrooms and support services for children with special needs were found essential for consistent IE development. Support for teaching staff and IE policies facilitate IE and should be further explored and implemented.
p63+Krt5+ Basal Cells are Increased in the Squamous Metaplastic Epithelium of Patients with Radiation-induced Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Huang Hongming , Tan Kai Sen , Zhou Suizi , Yuan Tian , Liu Jing , Ong Hsiao Hui , Chen Qianmin , Gao Junxiao , Xu Minghong , Zhu Zhenchao , Qiu Qianhui , Wang De Yun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Squamous metaplasia (SM) is an irreversible form of airway epithelial remodeling. Hyperproliferation of basal cells was observed in squamous metaplastic epithelium of chronically inflamed airway. However, the association of such aberrant proliferation of basal cells with SM in the nasal epithelium after radiation damage remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate SM and accompanying levels of p63+Krt5+ (basal cell markers) cells in the nasal epithelium of patients with radiation-induced chronic rhinosinusitis (CRSr) and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) compared to healthy controls.Methods: We assessed the prevalence of SM and the expression of p63+, Krt5+, p63+Krt5+, and Ki67+ cells through immunofluorescence(IF) staining of the inferior turbinate (IT) tissues from patients with CRSr (n = 36) , CRSsNP (n = 33) and controls (n = 28).Results: The prevalence of SM and the number of p63+Krt5+ cells were both significantly increased in patients with CRSr compared to patients with CRSsNP and controls. The number of Ki67+ cells were both significantly increased in patients with CRSr and CRSsNP compared to controls, but the ratio of Ki67+ cells to p63+Krt5+ cells was significantly lower in patients with CRSr compared to patients with CRSsNP. In patients with CRSr, an increased number of p63+Krt5+ basal cells was observed in SM epithelium compared to non-SM epithelium.Conclusion: SM is increased in the nasal epithelium of patients with CRSr, in which aberrant levels of p63+Krt5+ basal cells serves as an important pathologic feature in the squamous metaplastic epithelium.
NNT-AS1 Impairs CD4+ T Cells Infiltration by Up-Regulating TGF-β Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yakun , Yang Lei , Dong Xichen , Yang Xin , Zhang Xinxue , Liu Zhe , Zhao Xin , Wen Tao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase-antisense RNA1 (NNT-AS1) is one of long non coding RNA, has been shown with high levels in several types of cancers. However, the molecular mechanism remains to be revealed for NNT-AS1 in the progession of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TGF-β signaling pathway has been identified as one of negative factor for excessive immunological response. We sought to investigate the effects of NNT-AS1 mediating T cells infiltration by regulating TGF-β signaling pathway in patients with HCC.Methods RNAscope In Situ Hybridization and Real Time Quantitative PCR assays were applied to detect NNT-AS1 levels in HCC tissues. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were used to observe the co-expressions of TGF-β, TGFBR1, SMAD1/5/9, and CD4+ T cells. The mechanisms as to how NNT-AS1 orchestrates TGF-β signaling were further explored in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Results RNA-scope analyses revealed that the levels of NNT-AS1 were significant higher in cancerous tissues than in paired non-cancerous tissues (P=0.0001). Quantitative PCR assays validated the high expression of NNT-AS1 in HCC cancer tissues (n=64) when compared with normal tissues (n=26) (P=0.0003). The prognostic analysis indicated that the OS rates for HCC patients with high levels of NNT-AS1 were significantly lower than patients with low levels of NNT-AS1 (P=0.0402). Mechanistic analysis demonstrated that the downregulation of NNT-AS1 significantly reduced the expression of TGF-β, TGFBR1, and SMAD5. Moreover, the inhibition of NNT-AS1 decrease the expression of TGF-β，TGFBR1, and SMAD5. Importantly, IHC analyses indicated that the levels of NNT-AS1 were negatively correlated with CD4+ T lymphocyte cells infiltration in tissues from 16 HCC patients.Conclusions Our study depicts a novel mechanism regarding NNT-AS1 activates TGF-β signaling pathway and thus impairs the CD4+ T lymphocyte cells infiltration in HCC.
A Novel Analysis of the Differentiated Expression of Long Noncoding RNAs Profiles in Human Prostate Cancer
Authors: Sun Chuanyu , Ge Shengyang , Mi Yuanyuan , Hu Qingfeng , Guo Yijun , Zhong Fan , Zhang Yang , Xia Guowei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have crucial roles in cancer biology. Increasing numbers of evidences have indicated that lncRNAs play an important role in the pathogenesis, invasion, and metastasis in almost all kinds of cancers. But, compared with the large amounts of patients, there is rare reports that showed the differential expression of lncRNAs in prostate cancer. Methods: In this study, lncRNA expression profiles were screened in PCa, by using 5 pairs of clinical specimens in PCa and matched non-PCa tissues with lncRNA chip. To affirm further clinical value, we extended the samples consisting of another 5 tumor specimens and 7 para-cancerous/benign contrasts by qRT-PCR in top 10 up-regulated and down-regulated lncRNAs. Results: A total of 817 lncRNAs were differentially expressed between PCa tumor and para-cancerous tissues (Fold Change ≥2.0, p < 0.05): 422 were upregulated, whereas 395 were downregulated in PCa tissues. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses showed that many lncRNAs were implicated in carcinogenesis. Among differentially expressed lncRNAs, lnc-MYL2-4:1 (FC = 0.00141, p = 0.01909) and NR_125857 (FC = 59.27658, p = 0.00128) had the highest magnitude of change. The subsequent qPCR confirmed the expression of NR_125857 accorded with the clinical samples.Conclusions: Our study detected a relatively novel complicated map of lncRNAs in PCa, which may have the potential to investigate for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up in PCa. Our study revealed the expression of NR_125857 in human PCa tissues was most up-regulated. Further study of these meaningful candidates are need to research deep mechanisms.
Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for enhanced production of caffeic acid
Authors: Zhou Pingping , Yue Chunlei , Shen Bin , Du Yi , Xu Nannan , Ye Lidan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

As a natural phenolic acid product of plant source, caffeic acid displays diverse biological activities and acts as an important precursor for the synthesis of other valuable compounds. Limitations in chemical synthesis or plant extraction of caffeic acid trigger interest in its microbial biosynthesis. Recently, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been reported sporadically for biosynthesis of caffeic acid via free plasmid‑mediated pathway assembly. However, the production was far from satisfactory and even relied on the addition of precursor.
Results

In this study, we first established a controllable caffeic acid pathway by employing a modified GAL regulatory system in S. cerevisiae and realized de novo biosynthesis of 313.8 mg/L caffeic acid from glucose. Combinatorial engineering strategies including eliminating the tyrosine-induced feedback inhibition, deleting genes involved in competing pathways and overexpressing rate-limiting enzymes led to about 2.5-fold improvement in the caffeic acid production, reaching up to 769.3 mg/L in shake-flask cultures. To our knowledge, this is the highest ever reported titer of caffeic acid de novo synthesized by engineered yeast.
Conclusions

Caffeic acid production in S. cerevisiae strain was successfully improved by adopting a glucose-regulated GAL system and comprehensive metabolic engineering strategies. This work showed the prospect for microbial biosynthesis of caffeic acid and laid the foundation for constructing biosynthetic pathways of its derived metabolites.
Pharmacovigilance of suspected or confirmed therapeutic ineffectiveness of artemisinin-based combination therapies: extent, associated factors, challenges and solutions to reporting
Authors: Kiguba Ronald , Ndagije Helen Byomire , Nambasa Victoria , Manirakiza Leonard , Kirabira Elijah , Serwanga Allan , Olsson Sten , Speybroeck Niko , Mukonzo Jackson 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to determine the extent and associated factors of past 6-month reporting of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT)-failure by healthcare professionals (HCPs); and difficulties and solutions to the pharmacovigilance (PV) of ACT therapeutic ineffectiveness.Methods: Survey of 685 HCPs from June to July 2018 in purposively selected public and private health facilities in Uganda.Results: One in five [20%, 137/685; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 17% to 23%] HCPs reported ACT-failure to any authority in the previous 6-months. HCPs commonly reported ACT-failure to immediate supervisors (72%, 106/147), mostly verbally only (80%, 109/137); none had ever reported a written ACT-failure to Uganda’s National Pharmacovigilance Centre. Common difficulties to reporting ACT-failure were; unavailability of reporting procedures (31%, 129/421), poor follow-up of treated patients (22%, 93/421) and absence of reporting tools (16%, 68/421). Factors associated with reporting ACT-failure in past 6-months were: hospital-status (vs other; OR = 2.4, 95% CI, 1.41 to 4.21), HCPs aged under 25 years (OR = 2.2, 95% CI, 1.29 to 3.76), suspicion of ACT-failure in past 4-weeks (OR = 2.3, 95% CI, 1.29 to 3.92), receipt of patient-complaint(s) of ACT-failure in past 4-weeks (OR = 2.9, 95% CI, 1.62 to 5.12) and HCPs from northern (vs central; OR = 0.5, 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.93) and western (vs central; OR = 0.4, 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.77) parts of Uganda.Conclusion: One in five HCPs reported ACT-failure, mostly verbally to supervisors. The existing ADR-reporting infrastructure should be leveraged to promote the PV of ACT therapeutic ineffectiveness.
Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programs at the Facility Level in Georgia: Key Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Deryabina Anna , Lyman Meghan , Yee Daiva , Gelieshvilli Marika , Sanodze Lia , Madzgarashvili Lali , Weiss Jamine , Kilpatrick Claire , Rabkin Miriam , Skaggs Beth , Kolwaite Amy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The Georgia Ministry of Labor, Health, and Social Affairs (MoLHSA) is working to strengthen its Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Program, but until recently has lacked an assessment of performance gaps and implementation challenges faced by hospital staff.
Methods

In 2017, health care hospitals were assessed using a World Health Organization (WHO) adapted tool aimed at implementing the WHO’s IPC Core Components. The study included site assessments at 41 of Georgia’s 273 hospitals, followed by structured interviews with 109 hospital staff, validation observations of IPC practices, and follow up document reviews.
Results

IPC programs for all hospitals were not comprehensive, with many lacking defined objectives, workplans, targets, and budget. All hospitals had at least one dedicated IPC staff member, 66% of hospitals had IPC staff with some formal IPC training; 78% of hospitals had IPC guidelines; and 55% had facility-specific standard operating procedures. None of the hospitals conducted structured monitoring of IPC compliance and only 44% of hospitals used IPC monitoring results to make unit/facility-specific IPC improvement plans. 54% of hospitals had clearly defined priority healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), standard case definitions and data collection methods in their HAI surveillance systems. 85% hospitals had access to a microbiology laboratory. All reported having posters or other tools to promote hand hygiene, 29% had them for injection safety. 68% of hospitals had functioning hand-hygiene stations available at all points of care. 88% had single patient isolation rooms; 15% also had rooms for cohorting patients. 71% reported having appropriate waste management system.
Conclusions

Among the recommended WHO IPC core components, existing programs, infrastructure, IPC staffing, workload and supplies present within Georgian healthcare hospitals should allow for implementation of effective IPC. Development and dissemination of IPC Guidelines, implementation of an effective IPC training system and systematic monitoring of IPC practices will be an important first step towards implementing targeted IPC improvement plans in hospitals.
Insights into the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 pandemicvia Shannon-Fisher causality plane
Authors: Fernandes Leonardo H.S. , Araújo Fernando H.A. de , Silva Maria A.R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper performs a systematic investigation into the temporal evolution of severe acute respiratory disease coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic considering 15 diverse countries. Based on the foundations of Information Theory, we apply the Shannon-Fisher causality plane (SFCP), to map the dynamics behavior inherent to SARS-CoV-2 and their respective locations along the (SFCP). Our results show that this dynamics varies widely along the SFCP from the lower-right region, characterized by high entropy and low degree of reliability in relation to the information extracted from the analyzed data set to the top-right region, characterized by the less entropic and high degree of reliability in relation to the information extracted from the analyzed data set. It reveals that we have three different groups of countries in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A country that was proactive in implementing measures such as social distancing, quarantine, orders to stay at home, testing symptomatic and asymptomatic loads and hygienic measures to limit the impacts of SARS-Cov-2 (China) and that today is clearly in the decay phase with the number of cases tending to zero and is no longer in a pandemic situation (efficient). Moderately proactive countries, ie, implemented measures only when the spread of SARS-Cov-2 was already reaching the country (France, Germany, United Kingdom, Spain, Sweden, Italy, Ireland, USA, Austria, and Canada) (moderately efficient) and the reactive countries, which took a long time to implement the measures and/or the infection came later and as a result are not managing to reduce the number of daily cases of SARS-CoV-2 (Russia, Iran, Brazil, and India) (inefficient) and are the new epicenters of the SARS-COV-2 pandemic. Besides, we applied the Bandt Pompe permutation entropy (H) and the Fisher Information (F) to obtain the rank of the most efficient countries to the fight against the SARS-CoV-2. To the best of our knowledge, no researches have been ranking the most proactive countries in the fight against the SARS-CoV-2 dissemination. We truly believe that the empirical results showed in this research draws new perspectives that can collaborate in the formulation of more efficient healthy public policies to combat SARS-CoV-2 spread.
MCCMF: Collaborative matrix factorization based on matrix completion for predicting miRNA-disease associations
Authors: Wu Tian-Ru , Yin Meng-Meng , Jiao Cui-Na , Liu Jin-Xing , Gao Ying-Lian , Kong Xiang-Zhen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with regulatory functions. Many studies have shown that miRNAs are closely associated with human diseases. Among the methods to explore the relationship between the miRNA and the disease, traditional methods are time-consuming and the accuracy needs to be improved. In view of the shortcoming of previous models, a collaborative matrix factorization based on matrix completion (MCCMF) is proposed to predict the unknown miRNA-disease associations. Results: The complete matrix of the miRNA and the disease is obtained by matrix completion. Moreover, Gaussian Interaction Profile (GIP) kernel is added to the miRNA functional similarity matrix and the disease semantic similarity matrix to form the GIP kernel similarity matrix. Then the Weight K Nearest Known Neighbors (WKNKN) method is used to pretreat the association matrix, so the model is close to the reality. Finally, collaborative matrix factorization (CMF) method is applied to obtain the prediction results. Therefore, the MCCMF obtains a satisfactory result in the five-fold cross-validation, with an AUC of 0.9569(0.0005). Conclusions: The AUC value of MCCMF is higher than other advanced methods in the 5-fold cross validation experiment. In order to comprehensively evaluate the performance of MCCMF, f-measure and other evaluation indexes are also added. The final experimental results demonstrate that MCCMF outperforms other methods in prediction miRNA-disease associations. In the end, the effectiveness and practicability of MCCMF are further verified by researching three specific diseases.
Splenectomy is Associated with Altered Leukocyte Kinetics after Severe Trauma
Authors: Teuben Michel , Hollman Arne , Blokhuis Taco J. , Pfeifer Roman , Spijkerman Roy , Teuber Henrik , Pape Hans-Christoph , Leenen Luke P.H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Inadequate activation of the innate immune system after trauma can lead to severe complications such as Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. The spleen is thought to modulate the cellular immune system. Furthermore, splenectomy is associated with improved outcome in severely injured trauma patients. We hypothesized that a splenectomy alters the cellular immune response in polytrauma.Methods All adult patients with an ISS ≥ 16 and suffering from splenic or hepatic injuries were selected from our prospective trauma database. Absolute leukocyte numbers in peripheral blood were measured. White blood cell kinetics during the first 14 days were compared between splenectomized patients, patients treated surgically for liver trauma and nonoperatively treated individuals.Results A total of 129 patients with a mean ISS of 29 were included. Admission characteristics and leukocyte numbers were similar in all groups, except for slightly impaired hemodynamic status in patients with operatively treated liver injuries. On admission, leukocytosis occurred in all groups. During the first 24 hours, leukopenia developed gradually, although significantly faster in the operatively treated patients. Thereafter, leukocyte levels normalized in all nonoperatively treated cases whereas leukocytosis persisted in operatively treated patients. This effect was significantly more prominent in splenectomized patients than all other conditions. Conclusions This study demonstrates that surgery for intra-abdominal injuries is associated with an early drop in leucocyte numbers in peripheral blood. Moreover, splenectomy in severely injured patients is associated with an altered cellular immune response reflected by a persistent state of prominent leukocytosis after trauma.