bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the area of feasible solutions for rank‐deficient problems: I. Introduction of a generalized concept
Authors: Sawall Mathias , Neymeyr Klaus 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRank deficiency of a spectral data matrix means that its rank is smaller than the number of the anticipated chemical components. A rank deficiency can hide the true chemical structure of the underlying pure components and complicates the application of multivariate curve resolution and self‐modeling curve resolution techniques. A new approach for the analysis of the factor ambiguities is introduced, and the area of feasible solutions (AFS) is generalized to rank‐deficient spectral data. The extended tools are tested for the Michaelis–Menten kinetics and abstract model data.
Dumbbell‐Shaped 2,2’‐Bipyridines: Controlled Metal Monochelation and Application to Ni‐Catalyzed Cross‐Couplings
Authors: Kim Yongjoon , Iwai Tomohiro , Fujii Sho , Ueno Kosei , Sawamura Masaya 
Published: November 2020

Abstract2,2’‐Bipyridine ligands (dsbpys) with dumbbell‐like shapes and differently substituted triarylmethyl groups at the C5 and C5’ positions showed high ligand performance in the Ni‐catalyzed cross‐electrophile coupling and the Ni/photoredox‐synergistically catalyzed decarboxylative coupling reactions. The superior ligand effects of dsbpys compared to the conventional bpy ligands were attributed to the monochelating nature of dsbpys.
Thermodynamically Stable o‐Quinodimethane: Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity
Authors: Adachi Kazuhiko , Hirose Shunsuke , Ueda Yasuyuki , Uekusa Hidehiro , Hamura Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThermal isomerization of cyclobutaphenanthrene to o‐quinodimethane was investigated. Sterically congested substituents or electron‐donating substituents on the four‐membered ring promoted the ring‐opening, affording o‐quinodimethane in a relatively stable form. Isolation of the newly prepared o‐quinodimethane allowed its structural elucidation and investigation of its potential reactivities. Dual [4+2] cycloaddition of an aryne and o‐quinodimethane afforded tetrabenzopentacene, demonstrating the synthetic application of the isolated compound.
Precious Metal‐Free Photocatalytic Water Oxidation by a Layered Double Hydroxide‐Prussian Blue Analogue Hybrid Assembly
Authors: Akbari Sina Sadigh , Karadas Ferdi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe development of earth‐abundant photocatalytic assemblies has been one of the bottlenecks for the advancement of scalable water splitting cells. In this study, a ZnCr layered double hydroxide and a CoFe Prussian blue analogue are combined to afford an earth‐abundant photocatalytic assembly involving a visible light‐absorbing semiconductor (SC) and a water oxidation catalyst (WOC). Compared to bare ZnCr‐LDH, the SC‐WOC hybrid assembly exhibits a threefold enhancement in photocatalytic activity, which is maintained for 6 h under photocatalytic conditions at pH 7. The band energy diagram was extracted from optical and electrochemical studies to elucidate the origin of the enhanced photocatalytic performance. This study marks a straightforward pathway to develop low‐cost and precious metal‐free assemblies for visible light‐driven water oxidation.
Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles reveals an immunogenic cargo in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid
Authors: Foers Andrew D , Dagley Laura F , Chatfield Simon , Webb Andrew I , Cheng Lesley , Hill Andrew F , Wicks Ian P , Pang Ken C 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesExtracellular vesicles (EVs) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial fluid (SF) have been reported to stimulate the release of pro‐inflammatory mediators from recipient cells. We recently developed a size exclusion chromatography (SEC)‐based method for EV isolation capable of high‐quality enrichments from human SF. Here, we employed this method to accurately characterise the SF EV proteome and investigate potential contributions to inflammatory pathways in RA.MethodsUsing our SEC‐based approach, SF EVs were purified from the joints of RA patients classified as having high‐level (n = 7) or low‐level inflammation (n = 5), and from osteoarthritis (OA) patients (n = 5). Protein profiles were characterised by mass spectrometry. Potential contributions of EV proteins to pathological pathways and differences in protein expression between disease groups were investigated.ResultsSynovial fluid EVs were present at higher concentrations in RA joints with high‐level inflammation (P‐value = 0.004) but were smaller in diameter (P‐value = 0.03) than in low‐level inflammation. In total, 1058 SF EV proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis. Neutrophil and fibroblast markers were overrepresented in all disease groups. Numerous proteins with potential to modulate inflammatory and immunological processes were detected, including nine citrullinated peptides. Forty‐five and 135 EV‐associated proteins were significantly elevated in RA joints with high‐level inflammation than in RA joints with low‐level inflammation and OA joints, respectively. Gene ontology analysis revealed significant enrichment for proteins associated with ‘neutrophil degranulation’ within SF EVs from RA joints with high‐level inflammation.ConclusionOur results provide new information about SF EVs and insight into how EVs might contribute to the perpetuation of RA.
A Paradigm Shift in Nuclear Chromatin Interpretation: From Qualitative Intuitive Recognition to Quantitative Texture Analysis of Breast Cancer Cell Nuclei
Authors: Lee Hye‐Kyung , Kim Cho‐Hee , Bhattacharjee Subrata , Park Hyeon‐Gyun , Prakash Deekshitha , Choi Heung‐Kook 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAssessing the pattern of nuclear chromatin is essential for pathological investigations. However, the interpretation of nuclear pattern is subjective. In this study, we performed the texture analysis of nuclear chromatin in breast cancer samples to determine the nuclear pleomorphism score thereof. We used three different algorithms for extracting high‐level texture features: the gray‐level co‐occurrence matrix (GLCM), gray‐level run length matrix (GLRLM), and gray‐level size zone matrix (GLSZM). Using these algorithms, 12 GLCM, 11 GLRLM, and 16 GLSZM features were extracted from three scores of breast carcinoma (Scores 1–3). Classification accuracy was assessed using the support vector machine (SVM) and k‐nearest neighbor (KNN) classification models. Three features of GLCM, 11 of GLRLM, and 12 of GLSZM were consistent across the three nuclear pleomorphism scores of breast cancer. Comparing Scores 1 and 3, the GLSZM feature large zone high gray‐level emphasis showed the largest difference among breast cancer nuclear scores among all features of the three algorithms. The SVM and KNN classifiers showed favorable results for all three algorithms. A multiclass classification was performed to compare and distinguish between the scores of breast cancer. Texture features of nuclear chromatin can provide useful information for nuclear scoring. However, further validation of the correlations of histopathologic features, and standardization of the texture analysis process, are required to achieve better classification results. © 2021 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Genetic data improves niche model discrimination and alters the direction and magnitude of climate change forecasts
Authors: Bothwell Helen M. , Evans Luke M. , Hersch‐Green Erika I. , Woolbright Scott A. , Allan Gerard J. , Whitham Thomas G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEcological niche models (ENMs) have classically operated under the simplifying assumptions that there are no barriers to gene flow, species are genetically homogeneous (i.e., no population‐specific local adaptation), and all individuals share the same niche. Yet, these assumptions are violated for most broadly distributed species. Here, we incorporate genetic data from the widespread riparian tree species narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus angustifolia) to examine whether including intraspecific genetic variation can alter model performance and predictions of climate change impacts. We found that (1) P. angustifolia is differentiated into six genetic groups across its range from México to Canada and (2) different populations occupy distinct climate niches representing unique ecotypes. Comparing model discriminatory power, (3) all genetically informed ecological niche models (gENMs) outperformed the standard species‐level ENM (3–14% increase in AUC; 1–23% increase in pROC). Furthermore, (4) gENMs predicted large differences among ecotypes in both the direction and magnitude of responses to climate change and (5) revealed evidence of niche divergence, particularly for the Eastern Rocky Mountain ecotype. (6) Models also predicted progressively increasing fragmentation and decreasing overlap between ecotypes. Contact zones are often hotspots of diversity that are critical for supporting species' capacity to respond to present and future climate change, thus predicted reductions in connectivity among ecotypes is of conservation concern. We further examined the generality of our findings by comparing our model developed for a higher elevation Rocky Mountain species with a related desert riparian cottonwood, P. fremontii. Together our results suggest that incorporating intraspecific genetic information can improve model performance by addressing this important source of variance. gENMs bring an evolutionary perspective to niche modeling and provide a truly “adaptive management” approach to support conservation genetic management of species facing global change.
The application of continuous glucose monitoring technology to eating disorders research: An idea worth researching
Authors: Presseller Emily K. , Parker Megan N. , Lin Mandy , Weimer James , Juarascio Adrienne S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices have revolutionized our capacity to measure blood glucose levels in real time using minimally invasive technology, yet to date there are no studies using CGM in individuals with eating disorders (EDs). Preliminary evidence suggests that eating disorder behaviors (EDBs) have substantial and characteristic impacts on blood glucose levels and glucose‐related variables (e.g., binge‐eating episodes cause rapid spikes in blood glucose levels, purging causes rapid drops in blood glucose to below normal levels). The aims of this article are to describe the benefits of CGM technology over older methods of measuring blood glucose levels and to discuss several specific ways in which CGM technology can be applied to EDs research to (a) improve our ability to identify and predict engagement in EDBs in real time, (b) identify relationships between blood glucose levels and maintenance factors for EDs, and (c) increase our understanding of the physiological and psychological impacts of disordered eating. We also present preliminary acceptability and feasibility data on the use of CGM devices in individuals with EDs. Overall, the article will describe several applications of CGM technology in EDs research with compelling potential to improve research methodologies.
Transdiagnostic vulnerability factors in eating disorders: A network analysis
Authors: Vervaet Myriam , Puttevils Louise , Hoekstra Ria H. A. , Fried Eiko , Vanderhasselt Marie‐Anne 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveEating disorder (ED) symptoms and transdiagnostic vulnerability characteristics play a crucial role in the aetiology and maintenance of EDs. Over the last decade, researchers have started to model complex interrelations between symptoms using network models, but the literature is limited in that it has focused solely on symptoms and investigated‐specific disorders while ignoring transdiagnostic aspects of mental health.MethodThis study tackles these challenges by investigating network relations among core ED symptoms, comorbid clinical symptoms (depression and anxiety) and empirically supported vulnerability and protective mechanisms (personality traits, maladaptive cognitive schemata, perfectionism and resilience) in a sample of 2302 treatment‐seeking ED patients. We estimated a regularized partial correlation network to obtain conditional dependence relations among all variables. We estimated node centrality (interconnectivity) and node predictability (the overall magnitude of symptom inter‐relationships).ResultsThe findings indicate a central role of overvigilance, excessive focus on inhibiting emotions and feelings, interoceptive awareness and perfectionism.ConclusionsThese results suggest that excessive control of bodily aspects by dietary restraint (possibly through inhibition) and interoceptive awareness may be important constructs that warrant future research in understanding vulnerability in EDs. We provide all code and data via the Open Science Framework.
An optimal clear channel assessment in IEEE 802.15.4 medium access control protocol for recurrent data transmission and long acknowledgement wait period
Authors: Asuti Manjunath G. , Basarkod Prabhugoud I. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe IEEE 802.15.4 standard medium access control (MAC) protocol is widely adopted for short‐range communication in current technologies such as Internet of Things, smart grids, and smart cities. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard adopts the carrier‐sense multiple access with collision avoidance channel access mechanism, which performs two consecutive clear channel assessment (CCA). However, performing two consecutive CCA may not be suitable for all types of network scenarios in a star topology‐enabled wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this article, we develop an optimal CCA channel access mechanism to address the recurrent data transmission and the long acknowledgement wait period which is encountered in two network scenarios considered in a star topology‐enabled WSN. To achieve these requirements, the proposed methodology performs five consecutive CCA for successful data transmission without going into the next backoff stage. Initially, an accurate Markov chain model is developed. Later, a set of mathematical expressions are developed for the proposed method. The model is validated using MATLAB 2017a programming tool. Simulation results show that the proposed methodology outperforms the existing CCA approaches in terms of channel collision time, delay, reliability, probability of collision, packet loss rate, and the probability of successful data transmission.
Novel high‐docosahexaenoic‐acid tuna oil supplementation modulates gut microbiota and alleviates obesity in high‐fat diet mice
Authors: Zhang Jing , Yi Congmin , Han Jiaojiao , Ming Tinghong , Zhou Jun , Lu Chenyang , Li Ye , Su Xiurong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStudies have documented the benefits of fish oil in different diseases because of its high n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content. However, these studies mostly used commercially available fish oil supplements with a ratio of 18/12 for eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). However, increasing DHA content for this commonly used ratio might bring out a varied metabolic effect, which have remained unclear. Thus, in this study, a novel tuna oil (TO) was applied to investigate the effect of high‐DHA content on the alteration of the gut microbiota and obesity in high‐fat diet mice. The results suggest that high‐DHA TO (HDTO) supplementation notably ameliorates obesity and related lipid parameters and restores the expression of lipid metabolism‐related genes. The benefits of TOs were derived from their modification of the gut microbiota composition and structure in mice. A high‐fat diet triggered an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio that was remarkably restored by TOs. The number of obesity‐promoting bacteria—Desulfovibrio, Paraeggerthella, Terrisporobacter, Millionella, Lachnoclostridium, Anaerobacterium, and Ruminiclostridium—was dramatically reduced. Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Alistipes putredinis, and Millionella massiliensis, three dysbiosis‐related species, were especially regulated by HDTO. Regarding the prevention of obesity, HDTO outperforms the normal TO. Intriguingly, HDTO feeding to HFD‐fed mice might alter the arginine and proline metabolism of intestinal microbiota.
Primary myxoid and epithelioid mesenchymal tumor of the kidney with a novel GLI1‐FOXO4 fusion
Authors: Pettus Jason R. , Kerr Darcy A. , Stan Radu V. , Tse Julie Y. , Sverrisson Einar F. , Bridge Julia A. , Linos Konstantinos 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo our knowledge, we describe the first mesenchymal tumor with a novel GLI1‐FOXO4 fusion gene. This well‐circumscribed kidney tumor displayed variably myxoid and epithelioid histologic features with a focally nodular growth pattern. The tumor cells showed bland, round to ovoid nuclei, with no overt high‐grade features. The tumor showed focal immunopositivity for smooth muscle actin and Melan‐A, which raised the possibility of a relationship with a perivascular epithelioid cell tumor. The clinical and morphologic features appear distinct from other reported neoplasms harboring GLI1 or FOXO4 gene rearrangements. The patient underwent radical nephrectomy and is without evidence of disease during a relatively short clinical follow‐up period. However, the features of this tumor likely warrant long‐term follow‐up to monitor for the possibility of a late recurrence or metastasis. In addition to reporting this novel fusion‐positive tumor, we also provide a brief review of GLI1 and FOXO4 gene functions in both normal and neoplastic contexts.
microRNAs deregulation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Carron Juliana , Torricelli Caroline , Silva Janet K. , Queiroz Gabriela S. R. , Ortega Manoela M. , Lima Carmen S. P. , Lourenço Gustavo J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHead and neck (HN) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the eighth most common human cancer worldwide. Besides tobacco and alcohol consumption, genetic and epigenetic alterations play an important role in HNSCC occurrence and progression. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate cell cycle, proliferation, development, differentiation, and apoptosis by interfering in gene expression. Expression profiling of miRNAs showed that some miRNAs are upregulated or downregulated in tumor cells when compared with the normal cells. The present review focuses on the role of miRNAs deregulations in HNSCC, enrolled in risk, development, outcome, and therapy sensitivity. Moreover, the influence of single nucleotide variants in miRNAs target sites, miRNAs seed sites, and miRNAs‐processing genes in HNSCC was also revised. Due to its potential for cancer diagnosis, progression, and as a therapeutic target, miRNAs may bring new perspectives in HNSCC understanding and therapy, especially for those patients with no or insufficient treatment options.
“We are sacred”: An intercultural and multilingual approach to understanding reproductive health literacy for Yolŋu girls and women in remote Northern Australia
Authors: Ireland Sarah , Maypilama Elaine L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIssue AddressedIndigenous women continue to experience reproductive health inequities. While enhancing health literacy is suggested as an approach for reducing disparities and increasing equity, there is a paucity of literature exploring Indigenous women's conceptualisation of reproductive health literacy. This paper demonstrates one approach to developing a reproductive health literacy framework for Yolŋu (Indigenous) women in a remote Northern Australian setting.MethodsUsing a decolonising participatory action research approach, a senior Yolŋu researcher led interviews, group story sharing sessions, historic site visits and on‐country cultural demonstration sessions with participants on reproductive health topics. Data were collected in the participants’ first language(s) and occasionally in English. Data were digitally recorded on camera, Dictaphone, video and in handwritten notes. The senior Yolŋu researcher worked with a Yolŋu interpreter to translate the data into English. Data underwent a progressive verbal relational content analysis to map and build a framework.ResultsA reproductive health literacy framework that privileges Yolŋu reproductive knowledge, practices and language was successfully co‐designed. The framework was embedded in the metaphor of Pandanus mat and uses key cultural domains of Yolŋu identity as a connecting foundation to women's reproductive knowledges and ceremonial milestones.ConclusionsThe framework offers a culturally responsive and multilingual approach to sensitively discuss and operationalise reproductive health literacy. The framework empowers Yolŋu cultural identities; accounts for both Yolŋu and Western medical knowledges; and honours participants’ requests for “Two‐Way” learning.So What?This research demonstrates an innovative approach to co‐designing a culturally responsive framework for reproductive health literacy in a complex and multilingual context. Such approaches offer a promising way forward for empowering Indigenous women to define reproductive health literacy and contribute to improving their reproductive health outcomes.
Three‐ and four‐term approximate expansions of the Haverkamp formulation to estimate soil hydraulic properties from disc infiltrometer measurements
Authors: Moret‐Fernández David , Latorre Borja , López Maria V. , Pueyo Yolanda , Lassabatere Laurent , Angulo‐Jaramilo Rafael , Rahmati Mehdi , Tormo Jaume , Nicolau José M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSoil sorptivity, S, and saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, can be estimated from the inverse analysis of a disc infiltrometer cumulative infiltration curve using the quasi‐exact implicit (QEI) analytical Haverkamp et al. (1994) equation, which is a function of Ks, S, the parameters β and γ, the disc radius, rd, and the water content increase, ∆θ. Given the complexity of solving QEI, this paper presents three‐term, 3T, and four‐term, 4T, QEI expansions to estimate S and Ks. The interplays between β, γ, Ks and S employing S‐Ks, γ‐Ks, γ‐S, γ‐β, S‐β and Ks‐β error maps generated for a loam soil synthetic infiltration were analyzed with QEI. To reduce the number of variables, Δθ, rd and γ were packed into the term. Five different QEI expansion analyses were evaluated: (i and ii) optimization of 3T using A, 3TA, or β, 3Tβ, as fixed variables; (iii and iv) optimization of 3T, 3TAβ, and 4T, 4TAβ, using constant β and A values; and (v) optimization of 4T leaving all coefficients free, 4TF. The different methods were evaluated with synthetic infiltrations for homogeneous sand, loam and silt soils, and for an uniform loam soil with a contact sand layer. The QEI expansions were applied to experimental infiltrations, and the results were compared to those obtained with QEI, using β = 0.6 and γ = 0.75. Infiltrations were performed at zero cm of soil tension. Global optimization with QEI demonstrates that γ and β are extremely linked. This makes it difficult to estimate these two parameters. All procedures applied to synthetic homogeneous soils resulted in good Ks and S approaches. However, only 3TA, 3TAβ and 4TAβ obtained accurate estimates of Ks and S when applied to a synthetic homogeneous soil with a contact sand layer. Application of the different methods to the experimental infiltrations showed that 3TAβ and 4TAβ gave the most accurate and robust estimates of S and Ks.