bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients for Macdonald Polynomials
Authors: Bhattacharya Aritra , Ram Arun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper we use the double affine Hecke algebra to compute the Macdonald polynomial products

$$E_\ell P_m$$

E
ℓ

P
m

and

$$P_\ell P_m$$

P
ℓ

P
m

for type

$$SL_2$$

S

L
2

and type

$$GL_2$$

G

L
2

Macdonald polynomials. Our method follows the ideas of Martha Yip but executes a compression to reduce the sum from

$$2\cdot 3^{\ell -1}$$

2
·

3

ℓ
-
1

signed terms to

$$2\ell $$

2
ℓ

positive terms. We show that our rule for

$$P_\ell P_m$$

P
ℓ

P
m

is equivalent to a special case of the Pieri rule of Macdonald. Our method shows that computing

$$E_\ell {\textbf {1}}_0$$

E
ℓ

1
0

and

$${\textbf {1}}_0 E_\ell {\textbf {1}}_0$$

1
0

E
ℓ

1
0

in terms of a special basis of the double affine Hecke algebra provides universal compressed formulas for multiplication by

$$E_\ell $$

E
ℓ

and

$$P_\ell $$

P
ℓ

. The formulas for a specific products

$$E_\ell P_m$$

E
ℓ

P
m

and

$$P_\ell P_m$$

P
ℓ

P
m

are obtained by evaluating the universal formulas at

$$t^{-\frac{1}{2}}q^{-\frac{m}{2}}$$

t

-

1
2

q

-

m
2

.
An integrated framework for modeling pharmaceutical supply chains with disruptions and risk mitigation
Authors: Goswami Aman , Baveja Alok , Ding Xin , Melamed Benjamin , Roberts Fred 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSupply-chain disruptions have numerous causes, including criminal actions, as well as natural disasters and human errors. The complexity of modern supply chains makes it challenging to detect, mitigate, or resolve disruptions. This paper presents an integrated framework for modeling pharmaceutical supply chains (PSCs), incorporating disruptions and mitigations. Based on extensive discussions with supply chain SMEs (subject matter experts) and federal government security officials, this framework unfolds in two steps: (1) a mapping process constructs a supply chain map from a focal firm’s perspective, and (2) the supply chain map is overlaid with various types of disruptions that can occur at supply chain locations. To this end, the paper systematically classifies PSC disruptions based on historical data and expert opinion. The paper discusses various pre-disruption and post-disruption mitigations and reports gleaned insights into their efficacy. Finally, the paper discusses the generalizability of this integrated framework to other supply chains, such as medical devices and satellite solar panels.
Changes in the Transition Process of Roughness-Induced Crossflow Vortices due to Freestream Turbulence
Authors: Nakagawa Kosuke , Ishida Takahiro , Tsukahara Takahiro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLaminar-turbulent transitions in boundary layers are one of the major research topics in fluid dynamics. In this study, we focused on a three-dimensional boundary layer formed on a swept flat plate. In this boundary layer, the crossflow instability is dominant, and the instability induces crossflow vortices (CFVs). Many studies have focused on the dependency of the transition process on the intensities of steady or unsteady disturbances, which correspond to a roughness element and freestream turbulence (FST), respectively. On the other hand, the effects of the FST wavelength are still unclear. Moreover, there is a lack of knowledge about the transition processes caused by both steady and unsteady disturbances. We investigated how the transition process of a stationary structure caused by cylindrical roughness changes depending on the FST wavelength using direct numerical simulations. We classified transition processes into two types: processes in which stationary structures grow into CFVs and processes in which hairpin vortices are generated on the stationary structures. The former is further classified into four types depending on the presence or absence of FST and on the FST wavelength. We revealed the contributions of different FST wavelengths to the transition process changes. The short-wavelength FST provides hairpin vortices to the stationary structure at low roughness height conditions because of its high-frequency components. The long-wavelength FST changes the process due to unsteady fluctuations influencing the stationary structure. In summary, the transition processes undergo different mechanisms between short- and long-wavelength FST.
Inference of genetic ancestry from a multi-gene cancer panel in Colombian women with cancer
Authors: Zambrano-O Yina T. , Mejía-Garcia Alejandro , Morales P. Daniela , Tsao Hsuan Megan , Rey-Vargas Laura , Montero-Ovalle Wendy , Huertas-Caro Carlos A. , Sanabria-Salas M. C. , Riaño-Moreno Julián , Rodriguez Juliana L. , Orozco Carlos A. , Lopez-Kleine Liliana , Jordan I. King , Serrano-G Silvia J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Cancer health disparities among racial and ethnic populations significantly burden health systems due to unequal access to early detection, treatment, and healthcare resources. These disparities lead to worse outcomes and increased costs from delayed diagnoses, advanced treatments, and prolonged care. Genetic differences can also influence cancer susceptibility and treatment response, thus analyzing genetic ancestry is essential for uncovering genetic factors that may contribute to these disparities. Utilizing data from clinical multigene cancer panels to infer genetic ancestry offers a valuable approach to understand population structure and the impact of individual ancestries in development of complex diseases.

Aim
To evaluate the accuracy of global ancestry inference using genetic markers from the TruSight™ Hereditary Cancer Panel, which was used to investigate hereditary cancer syndromes in a cohort of 116 female cancer patients at the Colombian National Cancer Institute. Additionally, to compare these results with genetic ancestry estimations from traditional genome-wide markers.

Results
Our results demonstrate a strong correlation between global genetic ancestry inferred with markers captured from TruSightTM panel (4785 markers) and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS, 8 million markers in admixed populations. The correlation values were 0.96 (p < 0.0001) for the Native American and European ancestry components, and 0.99 (p < 0.0001) for the African ancestry fraction. Genetic ancestry mean proportions in the Colombian cohort were 45.7%, 46.2%, and 8.11% for the European, the Native American, and the African components, respectively.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the accuracy of ancestry inference from clinical panel data offering a promising approach for understanding cancer health disparities in admixed populations.
Associations of Autistic Traits and Autism with Incontinence and Constipation in a UK Birth Cohort
Authors: Gyamenah Prince , Burrows Kimberley , Rai Dheeraj , Joinson Carol 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere is evidence that children with autism/autistic traits have higher risks of incontinence and constipation, but no studies have examined this in a large community-based cohort. Aim/Research question: are autistic traits and diagnosed autism prospectively associated with increased odds of incontinence and constipation in children and adolescents? This was a population-based cohort study based on data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n = 4233–4490 at age 9 years; n = 3403–3697 at age 14). We used multivariable logistic regression to examine associations of parent-reported autistic traits (sociability, repetitive behaviours, social-communication, coherence) (at ages 3–9 years) and autism with incontinence (bedwetting, daytime-wetting, soiling) and constipation (parent-reported at age 9, self-reported at age 14). We adjusted for parity, maternal age at delivery, child’s sex and developmental level, maternal depression, and anxiety (antenatal and postnatal), and indicators of family socioeconomic status. Social-communication and speech coherence difficulties showed the strongest associations with incontinence, e.g., adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between social-communication difficulties and daytime-wetting was 2.21 (1.47–3.32) and for coherence was 2.34 (1.60–3.43). The odds of soiling were also higher in children with social-communication (OR: 1.88, 95% CI 1.28–2.75) and coherence difficulties (OR: 2.04, 95% CI 1.43–2.93). Diagnosed autism was only associated with an increase in the odds of daytime-wetting (OR: 3.18, 95% CI 1.44–7.02). At 14 years, there was less evidence of associations between autistic traits and incontinence but there was evidence of associations between autistic traits and constipation: social-communication (OR: 1.68, 95% CI 1.13–2.49), coherence difficulties (OR: 1.64, 95% CI 1.11–2.41). Early assessment and treatment of incontinence/constipation should be considered for children with autistic traits.
Climate resilient development in vulnerable geographies
Authors: Favretto Nicola , Stringer Lindsay C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change highlights the urgent need to operationalise Climate Resilient Development Pathways (CRDP), adopting mitigation and adaptation measures to secure a safe climate, meet human needs under a changing climate and enable sustainable development. Analyses have not yet compared different vulnerable geographies to understand similarities and differences in the constraints and opportunities in operationalising CRDP. Using conventional narrative literature review, this paper assesses CRDP across some of the world’s most vulnerable geographies: highlands (mountains), drylands and islands. It asks: (1) how are climate impacts experienced across highlands, drylands and islands and (2) what types of adaptation and mitigation are being employed across these vulnerable geographies? Key steps are discussed in moving towards CRDP via multiple enabling conditions. Findings show shared impacts across geographies include impacts on ecosystems, fisheries, agriculture and water systems, livelihood failure, food insecurity, and degradation of human health, inequality, losses to economic sectors, human migration and conflict, and cascading transboundary impacts. Adaptation and mitigation actions tend to focus on promoting nature-based approaches, livelihood diversification and economic development, harnessing mixed knowledges and policy and institutional measures. Actions with potential to accelerate transitions towards CRDP should focus on the specific arenas of engagement shaping the underlying vulnerability context of each geography, including the socio-cultural context, politics, governance and institutions, the economic and financial systems, knowledge availability, and technological capabilities.
Human papillomavirus E6 alters Toll-like receptor 9 transcripts and chemotherapy responses in breast cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Parviainen Essi , Nurmenniemi Sini , Ravaioli Sara , Bravaccini Sara , Manninen Aki , Jukkola Arja , Selander Katri 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is a DNA recognizing receptor expressed also in several cancers. Decreased TLR9 expression is associated with poor prognosis in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), but the role of TLR9 in breast cancer pathophysiology is currently unclear. Regulation of TLR9 expression in breast cancer is poorly understood. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections suppress TLR9 expression in cervical cancers but the association between HPV and breast cancer has remained controversial. The aim of this study was to test if HPV16 can suppress TLR9 expression in breast cancer cells and affect cell behavior.

Methods and results
Human T-47D and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were transduced with lentivirus encoding HPV16 E6 oncoprotein. The effects of E6 on TLR9 mRNA and protein expression, and cell proliferation, migration, invasion and sensitivity to chemotherapy were studied in vitro. Breast cancer tissue samples (n = 37) were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA. E6 expression decreased TLR9 mRNA expression in MDA-MB-231 and T-47D cells in hypoxia. E6 expression altered breast cancer cell proliferation and made cells significantly less sensitive to the growth inhibitory effects of chemotherapeutic agents. HPV L1 gene was not detected in a small pilot cohort of clinical breast cancer specimens.

Conclusion
HPV16 may influence breast cancer cell TLR9 transcription and chemotherapy responses and could thereby affect breast cancer prognosis. These results suggest that HPV may have a previously unrecognized role in breast cancer pathophysiology and warrant further studies on the topic.
Neuroprotective Potential of Aminonaphthoquinone Derivatives Against Amyloid Beta-Induced Neuronal Cell Death Through Modulation of SIRT1 and BACE1
Authors: Apiraksattayakul Setthawut , Pingaew Ratchanok , Prachayasittikul Veda , Ruankham Waralee , Tantimongcolwat Tanawut , Prachayasittikul Virapong , Prachayasittikul Supaluk , Phopin Kamonrat 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of tau protein tangles and amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the central nervous system (CNS), leading to progressive neurodegeneration. Hence, the discovery of disease-modifying agents capable of delaying the progression is essential for effective management. Aminonaphthoquinone (ANQ) is an attractive pharmacophore with various biological effects. This study explores the neuroprotective potentials of ANQ derivatives (1–18) using in vitro models of AD pathology (i.e., Aβ42-induced SH-SY5Y cells). Findings demonstrated that all compounds mitigated Aβ42-induced cellular damage by preserving cell viability and morphology. Among all, four compounds (10, 12, 16, and 18) showed potent antioxidant activities as well as abilities to minimize AD-related damages (i.e. decreasing intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, preserving mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), protecting membrane damage, and modulating beta-secretase 1 (BACE1) activity) with comparable protective effects to the well-known neuroprotectant, resveratrol (RSV). A molecular docking study indicated these compounds could suitably bind to sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) protein with preferable affinity. Key amino acid residues and key functional groups essential for binding interactions were revealed. Target prediction identified a list of possible AD-related targets of these compounds offering insights into their mechanisms of action and suggesting their multifunctional potentials. Additionally, in silico predictions revealed that these candidates showed favorable drug-like properties. Overall, this study highlighted the therapeutic potential of ANQ derivatives in AD treatment, emphasizing the need for further experimental validation and comprehensive investigations to fully realize their therapeutic benefits.
Analyzing industrial policy portfolios
Authors: Heinrich Carmen , Knill Christoph , Steinebach Yves 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIndustrial policy has regained political attention due to the challenges associated with global market integration, technological changes, and the need for sustainable transformation. However, the lack of a consistent understanding of industrial policy hampers systematic comparisons. This paper develops a novel concept of industrial policy portfolios that captures different dimensions of industrial policy outputs across countries and over time. We illustrate this approach by comparing the policy dynamics in the United States and Germany over the last four decades and show that despite similar dynamics of policy growth, the countries display pronounced variation in the areas and instruments they prioritized.
Three-Dimensional Corruption Metrics: A Proposal for Integrating Frequency, Cost, and Significance
Authors: Pozsgai-Alvarez Joseph 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDespite a lack of consensus on the most effective methods for measuring corruption, a variety of initiatives have been launched over the past decade. This paper contributes to the evolving field by arguing for the integration of frequency, cost, and local significance, into a three-dimensional approach for the development of enhanced metrics. After revisiting the history of corruption measurement, each proposed dimension is discussed by reference to past initiatives and the relevant literature. While the frequency and cost of corruption are discussed based on the varying degrees of attention received over the years, I propose that “significance” represents a third and necessary dimension, capturing the moral severity of corruption within different societal contexts. Taken as a unified whole, the proposed multidimensional approach is argued to have the potential for a more accurate depiction of corruption, enhancing also the clarity and accountability of corruption metrics. By accounting for frequency, cost, and significance, three-dimensional metrics are expected to lay the groundwork for more effective policy responses and deepen our understanding of the complexities inherent in the corruption phenomenon.
Evidence-base for urban green-blue infrastructure to support insect diversity
Authors: Bowler Diana E. , Callaghan Corey T. , Felappi Jéssica F. , Mason Brittany M. , Hutchinson Robin , Kumar Prashant , Jones Laurence 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Green-blue urban infrastructures potentially offer win-win benefits for people and nature in urban areas. Given increasing evidence of widespread declines of insects, as well as their ecological importance, there is a need to better understand the potential role of green-blue urban infrastructure for insect conservation. In this review, we evaluated 201 studies about the ability of green-blue infrastructure to support insect diversity. Most studies were focused on the role of local and landscape-level characteristics of green-blue infrastructure. Fewer studies explicitly compared one type of infrastructure to another, and even fewer compared insect communities between green-blue infrastructure and traditional infrastructure. Overall, the body of research highlights the importance of plant diversity and reduced intensity of management (e.g., mowing) for most insect taxon groups. While local characteristics seem to be generally more important than landscape factors, insect communities within green-blue infrastructures can also depend on their connectivity and landscape context. Some infrastructure types are generally more beneficial than others; for instance, ground-level habitats tend to support more insects than green roofs. Few studies simultaneously studied synergies or trade-offs with other services provided by green-blue infrastructure, but environmental variables, such as tree cover and plant diversity, that affect insects are likely to also affect the provision of other services such as improving thermal comfort and the well-being of people. Our review offers some initial evidence for how green-blue infrastructure could be designed for multifunctionality with insects in mind.
Distinctive adsorption and transport behaviors of short-chain versus long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids in a river sediment
Authors: Liu Na , Li Mengyan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPerfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) embrace perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and other concerning chemicals of different chain length and terminal moieties. PFAAs can leach from municipal wastewater facilities as point sources discharging into rivers and receiving streams. In this study, we investigated the adsorption and transport behaviors of six select PFAAs in a Hudson River (USA) sediment in both batch and mesocosm studies. The adsorption capacities single and dual solute systems followed the order: PFBA < PFHxA ≈ PFBS < PFHxS < PFOA << PFOS. Mesocosm experiment that receives a continuous point source discharge of a mixture of these six PFAAs reached equilibrium after 4 weeks of operation. Total adsorbed PFAAs in the sediment was extracted and analyzed, following PFHxS (0.85 mg, 20.4%) ≈ PFBS (0.92 mg, 21.7%) < PFOA (1.02 mg, 27.3%) ≈ PFHxA (1.04 mg, 29.8%) < PFBA (1.12 mg, 30.1%) << PFOS (1.55 mg, 39.2%). PFOS showed highest adsorption, concentrating on the surface layer. Noticeably, two short-chain PFAAs, PFBA and PFHxA, were found with high vertical mobility, partitioning into deeper sediment. Two hotspots for PFAA sediment contamination were formed near the sediment surface downstream from the point source, providing new prospects to guide PFAA sediment cleanup and monitoring.
Understanding the Drivers of CAB PrEP Uptake and Use among Women in sub-Saharan Africa to Build Demand for New PrEP Methods
Authors: Bishopp Casey , Mungai-Barris Zoe , Briedenhann Elmari , Donaldson Emily , Irungu Elizabeth , Schwartz Katie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
As injectable cabotegravir for pre-exposure prophylaxis (CAB PrEP) is introduced in sub-Saharan Africa, it is important to understand how behavioral drivers may influence women’s decisions around whether or not to use it.

Recent Findings
Facilitating factors include prior familiarity with injections and the perceived efficacy of CAB PrEP, while barriers include a fear or dislike of needles and negative attitudes held by community members and influencers. Further research is needed to fully understand behavioral factors affecting African women’s CAB PrEP use.

Summary
HIV prevention policymakers, practitioners, advocates, and clients are optimistic about CAB PrEP, predicting that this long-acting method will be popular among women in sub-Saharan Africa. However, women may also face barriers to use. Knowledge of behavioral facilitators and barriers can enhance the adaptation or development of HIV prevention communication and demand generation strategies that support informed decision-making in a multi-method market.