bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain Volumes of very Low Birth Weight Infants Measured by Two-dimensional Cranial Ultrasonography: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Şimşek Gülsüm Kadıoğlu , Canpolat Fuat Emre , Büyüktiryaki Mehmet , Kutman Gözde Kanmaz , Tayman Cüneyt 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Cranial ultrasonography is the main neuroimaging technique for very low
birth weight infants. Low brain volume is associated with poor neurologic outcome. This study
aimed to calculate brain volumes of preterm infants with two-dimensional measurements of cranial
ultrasonography.

Methods:
Intracranial height, anteroposterior diameter, bi-parietal diamater, ventricular height,
thalamo-occipital distance and ventricular index were measured with routine cranial ultrasonographic
scanning. Brain considered a spheric, ellipsoid model and estimated brain volume (EBV)
was calculated by subtracting two lateral ventricular volumes from the total brain volume.

Results:
One hundred and twenty-one preterm infants under a birth weight of 1500 g and 32
weeks of gestational age were included in this study. The mean gestational age of study population
was 27.7 weeks, and mean birthweight was 1057 grams.

:
Twenty-two of 121 infants had dilated ventricle, in this group, EBV was lower than normal group
(202 ± 58 cm3 vs 250 ± 53 cm3, respectively, p<0.01). Advanced resuscitation, bronchopulmonary
dysplasia and late-onset sepsis were found to be independent risk factors for low brain volume in
our data.

Conclusion:
Estimated brain volume can be calculated by two-dimensional measurements with
cranial ultrasonography.
Targeting Peptidyl-prolyl Cis-trans Isomerase NIMA-interacting 1: A Structure-based Virtual Screening Approach to Find Novel Inhibitors
Authors: da Costa Kauê Santana , Galúcio João M. , de Jesus Deivid Almeida , Gomes Guelber Cardoso , Lima e Lima Anderson Henrique , Taube Paulo S. , dos Santos Alberto M. , Lameira Jerônimo 
Published: October 2019

Background:Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1) is an enzyme that isomerizes phosphorylated serine or threonine motifs adjacent to proline residues. Pin1 has important roles in several cellular signaling pathways, consequently impacting the development of multiple types of cancers.Methods:Based on the previously reported inhibitory activity of pentacyclic triterpenoids isolated from the gum resin of Boswellia genus against Pin1, we designed a computational experiment using molecular docking, pharmacophore filtering, and structural clustering allied to molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and binding free energy calculations to explore the inhibitory activity of new triterpenoids against Pin1 structure.Results:Here, we report different computational evidence that triterpenoids from neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), such as 6-deacetylnimbinene, 6-Oacetylnimbandiol, and nimbolide, replicate the binding mode of the Pin1 substrate peptide, interacting with high affinity with the binding site and thus destabilizing the Pin1 structure.Conclusion:Our results are supported by experimental data, and provide interesting structural insights into their molecular mechanism of action, indicating that their structural scaffolds could be used as a start point to develop new inhibitors against Pin1.
Antiangiogenic Effect of Isomalyngamide A Riboside CY01 in Breast Cancer Cells via Inhibition of Migration, Tube Formation and pVEGFR2/pAKT Signals
Authors: Shih Ching-Ying , Chang Tzu-Ting , Chen Chia-Ling , Li Wen-Shan 
Published: October 2019

Background:
To block the metastatic and angiogenic pathways during the tumor progression arouses
considerable pharmacological interests in the development of anticancer drugs.

Objective:
To develop alternative antiangiogenic and antimetastic agents, we designed and prepared a series of
nature inspired isomalyngamide A analogs containing ribose conjugate with 1,2-diaminoethane or 1,3-
diaminopropane linkers (1-8).

Methods:
The target glycosylated isomalyngamide A analogs 1-8 were constructed through condensation of the
malonic acids 16-19 and the corresponding aminoethoxyl ribosides 20 and 21, using HBTU/DIPEA as the coupling
agent. The cell growth inhibition assay, cell migration assay, transwell invasion assay, adhesion assay,
tube formation assay and western blot analysis were used to validate the biological actions of compounds.

Results:
The most effective compound, isomalyngamide A riboside 1 (CY01), possessing a D-ribose core structure
and a 1,3-diaminopropane linker, showed significant suppression of MDA-MB-231 cell migration and
inhibited tube formation of Human Umbilical Vascular Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner.
Effect of the latter is comparable to that of sorafenib, an orally active multikinase inhibitor and an inhibitor
of angiogenesis. CY01 also showed slight inhibition on collagen type IV- and laminin-mediated cell adhesion.
These actions may be regulated through the blockade of the VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling pathway by inhibiting
the VEGF induced phosphorylation of p-VEGFR2 and p-AKT.

Conclusion:
In this effort, we have discovered synthetic and glycosylated marine metabolites which may serve
as an alternative antiangiogenic and antimetastic agent during multitherapy.
Microfluidics for the Production of Nanomedicines: Considerations for Polymer and Lipid-based Systems
Authors: Streck Sarah , Hong Linda , Boyd Ben J. , McDowell Arlene 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Microfluidics is becoming increasingly of interest as a superior
technique for the synthesis of nanoparticles, particularly for their use in nanomedicine. In
microfluidics, small volumes of liquid reagents are rapidly mixed in a microchannel in a
highly controlled manner to form nanoparticles with tunable and reproducible structure
that can be tailored for drug delivery. Both polymer and lipid-based nanoparticles are utilized
in nanomedicine and both are amenable to preparation by microfluidic approaches.

Aim:
Therefore, the purpose of this review is to collect the current state of knowledge on
the microfluidic preparation of polymeric and lipid nanoparticles for pharmaceutical applications,
including descriptions of the main synthesis modalities. Of special interest are the
mechanisms involved in nanoparticle formation and the options for surface functionalisation
to enhance cellular interactions.

Conclusion:
The review will conclude with the identification of key considerations for the
production of polymeric and lipid nanoparticles using microfluidic approaches.
A Prototype Design of Scanning Mirror Used in MEMS and Its Experimental Verification
Authors: Luo Xianquan , Lv Junwei 
Published: October 2019

Background:The MEMS scanning mirror prototype is a spatial scanning device, which has advantages such as light mass, low drive voltage, large scanning and high angular measurement accuracy.Methods:The MEMS scanning mirror prototype uses the piezoelectric driving principle to drive the micro-structure to realize two-axis scanning. The corner of the MEMS scanning mirror is measured by using a piezoelectric resistance sensor. In the paper, the damping properties of MEMS scanning mirrors have been studied, which deduce the damping force formula of MEMS scanning mirrors. Moreover, the influence of different sizes and structures of MEMS scanning mirrors on the damping force and the amplitude of scanning mirror angles are analyzed, and a structural optimization design method to reduce the driving voltage of MEMS scanning mirrors is proposed.Results:The theoretical analysis, design and testing of piezoelectric driven MEMS scanning microscopes have been carried out.Conclusion:Through related experiments, it is verified that the maximum scanning range and the precision index of angle measurement meet the requirements of the index.
Корреляция между величинами фтор-ионной проводимости кристаллов Sr-=SUB=-1-x-=/SUB=-R-=SUB=-x-=/SUB=-F-=SUB=-2+x-=/SUB=- (тип CaF-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-) и R-=SUB=-1-y-=/SUB=-Sr-=SUB=-y-=/SUB=-F-=SUB=-3-y-=/SUB=- (тип LaF-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-) в системах SrF-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=--RF-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- (R=La-Nd)
Authors: Сорокин Н.И. , Соболев Б.П. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe “conductivity logarithm–composition” correlation logσ_dc( x ) = ax + b has been revealed for the strongly nonstoichiometric fluorite Sr_1 – _ x R_ x F_2 + _ x ( x is the RF_3 molar fraction, 0.15 ≤ x ≤ 0.47) and tysonite R_1 – _ y Sr_ y F_3 – _ y ( y is the SrF_2 molar fraction, y = 1 – x , 0.85 ≤ x ≤ 0.97) phases in the SrF_2–RF_3 systems (R = La, Ce, Pr, Nd). The conductivity σ_dc of the eutectic 70LaF_3 + 30SrF_2 (mol %) composite fits well with the dependence logσ_dc( x ) for the nonstoichiometric Sr_1 – _ x La_ x F_2 + _ x and La_1 – _ y Sr_ y F_3 – _ y phases.
The Nature of International Responsibility of States in the Contemporary World Arena
Authors: Abdullah Dawan Mohammed Jaza 
Published: October 2019

The subject of state responsibility occupies a central place in international law. Its basic principle, now well established, provides that every internationally wrongful act entails the responsibility of the state. One of the most controversial problems regarding the international responsibility of the state for wrongful acts concerns the nature of such responsibility. The present paper examines the nature of state responsibility for international wrongful acts under existing international law. It takes the view that the International Law Commission (ILC), in its Draft Articles on State Responsibility can be applied in case of breach of any international obligations by states because there is no international convention regarding state responsibility on the international plane. Finally, the study concludes that the identification of the nature of the state responsibility seems to be much more complicated since ILC’s Articles do not explicitly address the issue of whether responsibility of state for wrongful act or omission is strict liability (objective theory) or there must be some fault (subjective theory) in the conduct of state in order to hold responsibility; customary international law to some extent does not help in filling the gap exists in ILC’s Draft Articles on state responsibility with regard to objective and subjective theories because it supports both theories.
Trend of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Jordan From 2010 to 2016: Retrospective Study
Authors: Alhawarat Mohammad , Khader Yousef , Shadfan Bassam , Kaplan Nasser , Iblan Ibrahim 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in the Middle East, with countries such as Syria reporting high incidence rates.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the trends in the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Jordan from 2010 to 2016.MethodsThis retrospective study included all cases of CL that had been reported to the Leishmaniasis Surveillance System in the Department of Communicable Diseases at the Jordan Ministry of Health during the period from 2010 to 2016. A total of 1243 cases were reported and met the case definition.ResultsA total of 1243 cases (60.65% [754/1243] males and 39.34% [489/1243] females) were diagnosed during the study period. Of this sample, 233 patients (19.13%) were aged <5 years old, 451 (37.03%) were aged between 5-14 years old, 190 (15.60%) were aged between 15-24 years old, and 344 (28.24%) were aged ≥25 years old. Of those, 646 (51.97%) were Jordanians and 559 (44.97%) were Syrians. The average annual incidence rate of 1.70 per 100,000 people between 2010 and 2013 increased to 3.00 per 100,000 people in the years 2014 to 2016. There was no difference in incidence rates between Jordanians and Syrian refugees between 2010 and 2012. After 2012, the incidence rate increased significantly among Syrian refugees from 1.20 per 100,000 people in 2012 to 11.80 per 100,000 people in 2016. On the contrary, the incidence rate did not change significantly among Jordanians.ConclusionsThe incidence rate of leishmaniasis in Jordan has increased in the last three years because of the influx of Syrian refugees into Jordan. A massive effort toward reservoir and vector control, along with actively pursuing diagnosis in endemic foci, will be helpful. Proper and studious reporting of cases is also a necessity for the eradication of this disease.
Web-Based Technology to Improve Disease Knowledge Among Adolescents With Sickle Cell Disease: Pilot Study
Authors: Saulsberry Anjelica C , Hodges Jason R , Cole Audrey , Porter Jerlym S , Hankins Jane 
Published: October 2019

Background
Advancements in treatment have contributed to increased survivorship among children with sickle cell disease (SCD). Increased transition readiness, encompassing disease knowledge and self-management skills before transfer to adult care, is necessary to ensure optimal health outcomes. The Sickle Cell Transition E-Learning Program (STEP) is a public, Web-based, 6-module tool designed to increase transition readiness for youth with SCD.

Objective
The objective of our study was to investigate the participation rate of youth with SCD in STEP and its association with transition readiness.

Methods
This was a single-center, Institution Review Board–approved, retrospective cohort review. A total of 183 youths with SCD, aged between 12 and 15 years, were offered STEP as an adjunct to in-clinic disease education sessions. Participation rate (number of patients who used at least one STEP module divided by those approached) was calculated. The association among the number of STEP modules completed, disease knowledge, and self-management was explored.

Results
Overall, 53 of the 183 approached adolescents completed at least one STEP module, yielding a participation rate in STEP of 29.0%. Of the 53 participants, 37 and 39 adolescents had disease knowledge and self-management confidence rating available, respectively. A positive correlation (r=0.47) was found between the number of STEP modules completed and disease knowledge scores (P=.003). No association was found between the number of modules completed and self-management confidence ratings. Disease knowledge scores were significantly higher among participants who completed ≥3 STEP modules compared with those who completed <3 STEP modules (U=149.00; P=.007).

Conclusions
Improvement in disease knowledge in adolescence is critical to ensure the youth’s ability to self-care during the period of transition to adult care. Despite low participation, the cumulative exposure to the STEP program suggested greater promotion of disease knowledge among adolescents with SCD before transfer to adult care.
Evaluation of Patterns of Presentation, Practice, and Outcomes of Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer: Protocol for an Observational, International, Multicenter, Cohort Study by the Clinical Research Office of the Endourology Society
Authors: Baard Joyce , Celebi Merve , de la Rosette Jean , Alcaraz Antonio , Shariat Shahrokh , Cormio Luigi , Cavadas Vítor , Laguna M Pilar 
Published: October 2019

Background
Available guidelines on the management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) are restricted due to the lack of strong evidence–based recommendations. Adequate, well-powered randomized trials are missing due to the rarity of the disease. To overcome this problem, we need alternative study designs to provide generalizable data.

Objective
The primary aim of this registry is to provide a real-world overview on patterns of presentation and management of UTUC. Secondary objectives include comparison of outcomes of different treatments and tumor stages and evaluation of compliance with the current European Association of Urology recommendations for UTUC.

Methods
For this observational, international, multicenter, cohort study, clinical data of consecutive patients suspected of having UTUC, irrespective of type of management, will be prospectively collected up to 5 years after inclusion. Data on the patterns of presentation, diagnostics, and treatment as well as short-, mid-, and long-term oncological and functional outcomes will be analyzed. Possible associations between variables, basal characteristics, and outcomes will be tested by multivariable analyses. The methodology will address potential sources of bias and confounders.

Results
The registry was initiated in November 2014 after obtaining institutional review board approval. Data collection started in December 2014. At the time of submission of this manuscript, 2451 patients from 125 centers from 37 countries were included. Inclusion of patients will be closed 5 years after initiation of the registry. Quality checks will be performed centrally with continuous communication and feedback with the centers to ensure accuracy. The first results are expected in the first trimester of 2020.

Conclusions
This large observational prospective cohort will generate landmark “real-world” data and hypotheses for further studies. We expect these data to optimize the management of UTUC, provide insights on harms and benefits of treatment, and serve as quality control.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02281188; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02281188.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/15363
Learning to Read by Learning to Write: Evaluation of a Serious Game to Foster Business Process Model Comprehension
Authors: Winter Michael , Pryss Rüdiger , Probst Thomas , Reichert Manfred 
Published: October 2019

Background
The management and comprehension of business process models are of utmost importance for almost any enterprise. To foster the comprehension of such models, this paper has incorporated the idea of a serious game called Tales of Knightly Process.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate whether the serious game has a positive, immediate, and follow-up impact on process model comprehension.

Methods
A total of two studies with 81 and 64 participants each were conducted. Within the two studies, participants were assigned to a game group and a control group (ie, study 1), and a follow-up game group and a follow-up control group (ie, study 2). A total of four weeks separated study 1 and study 2. In both studies, participants had to answer ten comprehension questions on five different process models. Note that, in study 1, participants in the game group played the serious game before they answered the comprehension questions to evaluate the impact of the game on process model comprehension.

Results
In study 1, inferential statistics (analysis of variance) revealed that participants in the game group showed a better immediate performance compared to control group participants (P<.001). A Hedges g of 0.77 also indicated a medium to large effect size. In study 2, follow-up game group participants showed a better performance compared to participants from the follow-up control group (P=.01); here, a Hedges g of 0.82 implied a large effect size. Finally, in both studies, analyses indicated that complex process models are more difficult to comprehend (study 1: P<.001; study 2: P<.001).

Conclusions
Participants who played the serious game showed better performance in the comprehension of process models when comparing both studies.
A Stimulated Recall Method for the Improved Assessment of Quantity and Quality of Social Media Use
Authors: Griffioen Nastasia , Van Rooij Marieke M J W , Lichtwarck-Aschoff Anna , Granic Isabela 
Published: October 2019

Background
Social media are as popular as ever, and concerns regarding the effects of social media use on adolescent well-being and mental health have sparked many scientific studies into use effects. Social media research is currently at an important crossroads: conflicting results on social media use’s effects on well-being are abundant, and recent work in the field suggests that a new approach is required. The field is in need of an approach involving objective data regarding use where necessary and attention to different kinds of detail such as the why and how of social media use.

Objective
We present a novel paradigm implementing a principle from educational sciences called stimulated recall and demonstrate how it can be applied to social media use research. Our stimulated recall paradigm implements a number of elements that can fill the gaps currently present in social media and well-being research.

Methods
Objective data are collected regarding users’ social media behaviors through video footage and in-phone data and used for a structured stimulated recall interview to facilitate detailed and context-sensitive processing of these objective data. In this interview, objective data are reviewed with the participant in an act of co-research, in which details such as the reasons for their use (eg, boredom) and processes surrounding their use (eg, with whom) are discussed and visualized in a stimulated recall chart.

Results
Our ongoing study (N=53) implementing this paradigm suggests this method is experienced as pleasant by participants in spite of its personal and intensive nature.

Conclusions
The stimulated recall paradigm offers interesting and necessary avenues for approaching social media use research from new angles, addressing aspects of use that have thus far remained underexposed. The answers to questions such as “Why do adolescents use social media?” “In what ways exactly do they use social media?” and “How does social media use make them feel in the moment?” are now within reach, an important step forward in the field of social media use and well-being research.
Wirelessly Observed Therapy to Optimize Adherence and Target Interventions for Oral Hepatitis C Treatment: Observational Pilot Study
Authors: Bonacini Maurizio , Kim Yoona , Pitney Caroline , McKoin Lee , Tran Melody , Landis Charles 
Published: October 2019

Background
A fixed-dose combination of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) is efficacious in treating chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; however, objective adherence to prescribed regimens in real-world clinical settings has not been well studied.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate adherence and virologic outcomes in patients with chronic HCV infection treated with LDV/SOF using a novel digital medicine program that directly measures drug ingestion adherence.

Methods
This prospective, observational, open-label, single-arm pilot study was conducted at 2 clinical research sites and followed patients with HCV infection who were prescribed LDV/SOF along with an ingestible sensor. Patients were treated for 8 or 12 weeks. The main outcomes were ingestion adherence, medical interventions, virologic response, safety, and patient satisfaction.

Results
Of the 28 patients (mean 59 years, SD 7), 61% (17/28) were male, 61% (17/28) were non-Caucasian, and 93% (26/28) were treatment naïve. All 28 had genotype 1 HCV, and of these, 27 completed an 8- or 12-week treatment. Patients used the digital medicine program for 92% of the expected days; the overall mean ingestion adherence rate was 97%. Providers used the digital medicine program data for same-day medication therapy management in 39% (11/28) of patients. End-of-treatment response was achieved in all the available 21 of 28 patients. Sustained virologic response at 12 weeks or more was achieved in 26 of 28 patients; of the 2 patients who relapsed, one had less than 90% adherence and the other had greater than or equal to 95% adherence, lending insights into reasons for treatment failure. A total of 4 subjects reported nonserious adverse events, which were resolved.

Conclusions
Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that digital medicines can be used for wirelessly observed therapy to support adherence to antiviral HCV therapy, reduce unnecessary medication wastage and retreatment costs, and potentially optimize sustained virologic response rates, especially in populations at high risk for nonadherence.