bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low DLG2 gene expression, a link between 11q-deleted and MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma, causes forced cell cycle progression, and predicts poor patient survival.
Authors: Keane Simon , Ameen Sophie , Lindlöf Angelica , Ejeskär Katarina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood neural crest tumor. There are two groups of aggressive NBs, one with MYCN amplification, and another with 11q chromosomal deletion; these chromosomal aberrations are generally mutually exclusive. The DLG2 gene resides in the 11q-deleted region, thus makes it an interesting NB candidate tumor suppressor gene. Methods We evaluated the association of DLG2 gene expression in NB with patient outcomes, stage and MYCN status, using online microarray data combining independent NB patient data sets. Functional studies were also conducted using NB cell models and the fruit fly. Results Using the array data we concluded that higher DLG2 expression was positively correlated to patient survival. We could also see that expression of DLG2 was inversely correlated with MYCN status and tumor stage. Cell proliferation was lowered in both 11q-normal and 11q-deleted NB cells after DLG2 over expression, and increased in 11q-normal NB cells after DLG2 silencing. Higher level of DLG2 increased the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase and decreased the percentage of cells in the G1 phase. We detected increased protein levels of Cyclin A and Cyclin B in fruit fly models either over expressing dMyc or with RNAi-silenced dmDLG, indicating that both events resulted in enhanced cell cycling. Induced MYCN expression in NB cells, lowered DLG2 gene expression, which was confirmed in the fly; when dMyc was over expressed, the dmDLG protein level was lowered, indicating a link between Myc over expression and low dmDLG level. Conclusion We conclude that low DLG2 expression level forces cell cycle progression, and that it predicts poor NB patient survival. The low DLG2 expression level could be caused by either MYCN -amplification or 11q-deletion.
Identification of differentially expressed circulating exosomal lncRNAs in IgA nephropathy patients
Authors: Guo Na , Zhou Qin , Huang Xiang , Yu Jianwen , Han Qianqian , Nong Baoting , Xiong Yuanyan , Liang Peifeng , Li Jiajia , Feng Min , Lv Jun , Yang Qiongqiong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Although immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the foremost primary glomerular disease, treatment of IgAN is still in infancy. Non-invasive biomarkers are urgently needed for IgAN diagnosis. We investigate the difference in expression profiles of exosomal long non-coding-RNAs (lncRNAs) in plasma from IgAN patients compared with their healthy first-degree relatives, which may reveal novel non-invasive IgAN biomarkers.
Methods: We isolated exosomes from the plasma of both IgAN patients and their healthy first-degree relatives. High-throughput RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate lncRNA expression profiles. Pathway enrichment analysis was used to predict their nearest protein-coding genes.
Results: lncRNA-G21551 was significantly down-regulated in IgAN patients. Interestingly, the nearest protein-coding gene of lncRNA-G21551 was found to be encoding the low affinity receptor of the Fc segment of immunoglobulin G (FCGR3B).
Conclusions: Exosomal lncRNA-G21551, with FCGR3B as the nearest protein-coding gene, was down-regulated in IgAN patients, indicating its potential to serve as a non-invasive biomarker for IgAN.
Background: Although Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the foremost primary glomerular disease, treatment of IgAN is still in infancy. Non-invasive biomarkers are urgently needed for IgAN diagnosis. We investigate the difference in expression profiles of exosomal long non-coding-RNAs (lncRNAs) in plasma from IgAN patients compared with their healthy first-degree relatives, which may reveal novel non-invasive IgAN biomarkers.
Methods: We isolated exosomes from the plasma of both IgAN patients and their healthy first-degree relatives. High-throughput RNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate lncRNA expression profiles. Pathway enrichment analysis was used to predict their nearest protein-coding genes.
Results: lncRNA-G21551 was significantly down-regulated in IgAN patients. Interestingly, the nearest protein-coding gene of lncRNA-G21551 was found to be encoding the low affinity receptor of the Fc segment of immunoglobulin G (FCGR3B).
Conclusions: Exosomal lncRNA-G21551, with FCGR3B as the nearest protein-coding gene, was down-regulated in IgAN patients, indicating its potential to serve as a non-invasive biomarker for IgAN.
Preemptive Infiltration with Betamethasone and Ropivacaine for Postoperative Pain in Laminoplasty or Laminectomy (PRE-EASE): A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shrestha Niti , Wu Liang , Wang Xianodi , Jia Wenqing , Luo Fang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Laminoplasty and laminectomy have been used for decades for the treatment of intraspinal space occupying lesions, spinal stenosis, disc herniation, injuries, etc. After these procedures, patients often experience severe postoperative pain at the surgical site. Intense immediate postoperative pain after many spinal procedures makes its control of utmost importance.Preemptive injection of local anesthetics can significantly reduce postoperative pain during rest and movement, however, the analgesic effect is maintained for a relatively short period of time. Whether betamethasone combined with local anesthetic for laminoplasty or laminectomyhas better short-term and long-term effects than the local anesthetic alone has not been reported yet. Method: The PRE-EASEtrial is a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded endpoint, single-center clinical study including 116 participants scheduled for elective laminoplasty or laminectomy, with a 6 months’ follow-up process. Preemptive local infiltration with betamethasone and ropivacaine (treatment group) or ropivacaine alone (control group) throughout the entire thickness of the planned incision site will be performed by the surgeon, prior to making the incision. The primary outcome will be the cumulative butorphanol consumption within the first 48 hours’ postoperative period. Discussion: This study will add significant new knowledge to the effect and feasibility of preemptive local infiltration of betamethasone for postoperative pain management in laminoplasty and laminectomy.
Still careless: Findings from a cross-sectional study of young pedestrians’ risky road crossing behaviors
Authors: Hashemiparast Mina , Sharma Manoj , Jafarabadi Mohammad Asghari , Hosseini Zahra 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Pedestrian-vehicle collision is one of the most common traffic injuries worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of pedestrians' road crossing beliefs and behaviors in potentially risky situations using the Theory of Planned Behavior among Iranian young adults.
Methods: This was a population-based study on a sample of 562 young adults aged 18 to 25 years living in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected by using a self-administered validated questionnaire including constructs of the theory of planned behavior and items of perceived risk and severity.. The data were analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of covariance and multivariate analysis of variance.
Results: From all the respondents, 17.8% reported that they had previous experience of vehicle-collision. Among those with previous experience reported fewer safety behaviors than those who did not experience an accident. It was found significant differences between participants with and without a history of vehicle-collision for perceived risk (mean difference, adjusted multivariate P-value: -5.77, 0.027) and perceived severity (-6.08, 0.003), attitude toward traffic regulations (-6.34, 0.006), attitude toward behavior (-7.56, 0.005), perceived behavioral control (-5.20, 0.018), behavioral intention (-5.35, 0.046) and road crossing behavior in potentially risky situations (-5.37, 0.004).
Conclusions: Previous unpleasant experience of vehicle-collision is not the only determinant of self-protective behaviors in road- crossing which indicate the role of cognitive and motivational factors such as, subjective norms, attitudes towards risk, feelings of invulnerability in case of facing with vehicle collision.
Nosocomial Infections Due to Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Cancer Patients: A Six-Year Experience of an Oncology Center of Western China
Authors: Jiang Ai-Min , Shi Xin , Liu Na , Gao Huan , Ren Meng-Di , Zheng Xiao-Qiang , Fu Xiao , Liang Xuan , Ruan Zhi-Ping , Yao Yu , Tian Tao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Bacterial infections are the most frequent complications in patients with malignancy, and the epidemiology of nosocomial infections among cancer patients has changed over time. This study aimed to evaluate characteristics, antibiotic-resistant patterns, and prognosis of nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in cancer patients. Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed cancer patients with MDR bacteria caused nosocomial infections from August 2013 to May 2019. The extracted clinical data were recorded in a standardized form and compared based on the patient’s survival status after infection during hospitalization. Data were analyzed by using independent samples t-test, Chi-square test, and binary logistic regression. P -values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Overall, 257 cancer patients developed nosocomial infections caused by MDR bacteria. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) was the most frequently isolated multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDRGNB), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii , and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia . Smoking history, cancer patients who received intrapleural/abdominal infusion within 30 days, presence of indwelling urinary catheter, length of hospitalization, and haemoglobin were independent factors for in-hospital mortality in the study population. The isolated MDR bacteria were mainly sensitive to amikacin, meropenem, imipenem, tigecycline, and piperacillin/tazobactam. Conclusions: Cancer patients with prolonged hospitalization was an independent predictor of a favorable outcome. However, former smokers, cancer patients who received intrapleural/abdominal infusion within 30 days, presence of indwelling urinary catheter, and anemia were independent risk factors of in-hospital mortality. Our findings suggest that clinicians should think highly of nosocomial infections caused by MDR in cancer patients and advise policymakers to develop a guideline.
Prevalence and Distribution Pattern of Mood Swings in Thai Adolescents: A school-based Survey in The Central Region of Thailand
Authors: Angsukiattitavorn Suleemas , Seeherunwong Acharaporn , Panitrat Rungnapa , Tipayamongkholgul Mathuros 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Mood swings (MS) are a widely discussed psychiatric ailment of youthful patients. However, there is a lack of research about MS in this population.
Methods: A school-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and distribution pattern of mood swings due to personal and contextual determinants in Thai adolescents in the central region of Thailand. Participants were 2,598 students in high schools and vocational schools in Bangkok and three provinces in the central region of Thailand.
Results : The prevalence of mood swings was 26.4%. It was highest among vocational students in Bangkok at 37.1%. MS were more common in adolescents who exhibited risk behaviors and who resided in hazardous situations. The probabilities of MS by characteristic in 15 – 24 years olds were: bullying involvement 36.9% (n=1293), problematic social media use 55.9%(n=127), high expressed emotion in family 36.6% (n=1256), and studying in a vocational program 29.5% (n=1,216) and school located in Bangkok 32.4% (n=561). Also, substance use was a risk for MS with cannabis use at 41.8%(n=55) and heroin use at 48.0% (n=25). Hierarchical logistic regression analysis showed that female gender, having a family history of mental problems, bullying involvement, problematic social media use, high expression of emotion in the family, and the interaction between vocational program enrollments and metropolitan/urban residence associated adolescent mood swings (p < .05).
Conclusions: Findings indicate that the pattern of mood swings was associated with signiﬁcant bullying involvement, social media use, family circumstance, and school characteristics. The public needs greater awareness of MS patterns and the positive implications of MS screening. Early preventive interventions that may limit later mental illness are needed.
Keywords : Mood swings, Adolescents, Prevalence, Distribution
Impact of sublethal pyrethroid exposure on resistant Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes’ fitness
Authors: Kropf Alida , Fodjo Behi K , Zoh Marius G , Sadia Chistabelle G , Kouadio Affoué FP , Mouhamadou Chouaibou 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : There is increasing evidence of insecticide resistance spreading among wild mosquito populations, which is widely believed to compromise vector control once it reaches a threshold that enables mosquitoes to survive exposure to long lasting treated bed-net (LLIN) or indoor residual spraying (IRS). However, very little is known about the long-term impact of insecticide resistance on malaria transmission, which makes the consequence of insecticide resistance spreading difficult to predict. Methods: To gain more clarity, we have assessed five life-history traits of a resistant Anopheles gambiae laboratory strain that was repeatedly exposed to a LLIN and compared with individuals issued from the same strain but exposed to an untreated bed-net. Results: The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test did not show any significant impact of gonotrophic cycle on the five traits. However, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov non-parametric test revealed a significant (i) drop in blood feeding mean rates (D = 0.800; P< 0.0001), (ii) increase in 24-hours post-exposure (D = 0.600; P< 0.001) and (iii) end of gonotrophic cycle mortality (D = 0.611; P <0.006), and (iv) drop in egg laying rate (D = 0.730, P< 0.0001) when mosquitoes were exposed. Surprisingly, there was rather an upward trend in the number of larvae/female mosquito for the exposed group comparing to the unexposed one, although the difference was not significant (D = 0.417, P> 0.05). Conclusion: Our study shows that in a context of widespread of resistance to insecticides, current pyrethroid-based vector control tools can still confer protection against malaria.
Type of discrepancy between glycosylated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose is associated with in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome and diabetes: findings from the Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - Acute Coronary Syndrome (CCC-ACS) Project
Authors: Ye Nan , Yang Lijiao , Wang Guoqin , Bian Weijing , Xu Fengbo , Ma Changsheng , Zhao Dong , Liu Jing , Hao Yongchen , Liu Jun , Yang Na , Cheng Hong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to investigate the association between types of discrepancy between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and diabetes, based on Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China - acute coronary syndrome project. MethodsCCC-ACS project is a national, hospital-based quality improvement project. Patients with ACS, diabetes and complete HbA1c and FBG value at admission were included in this study. Patients were divided into consistent group and discrepancy group based on the HbA1c and FBG value at admission. Consistent group included patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and FBG < 7.0 mmol/L, or patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. Discrepancy group included patients with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FBG < 7.0 mmol/L, or patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. Discrepancy group was further divided into increased HbA1c group (HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and FBG < 7.0 mmol/L) and increased FBG group (HbA1c < 6.5% and FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/L).ResultsA total of 7,762 patients were included in this study. Patients in consistent group and discrepancy group were 5,490 (70.7%) and 2,272 (29.3%) respectively. In discrepancy group, increased HbA1c group accounted for 77.5% (1,761/2,272), and increased FPG group accounted for 22.5% (511/2,272). After adjusting for confounders by multivariate logistic regression model, patients in increased FPG group had a significantly 1.6-fold increased risk of heart failure (OR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.08-2.44), a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite of cardiovascular death and heart failure (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.09-2.43), and a 1.6-fold increased risk of composite of MACCE and heart failure (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.08-2.24).Conclusions Patients with an increased level of FPG but normal HbA1c had a higher risk of in-hospital cardiovascular adverse outcomes than those with an increased level of HbA1c but normal FPG. These patients should be given more attention and closer monitoring in clinical practice in order to improve the in-hospital outcomes.
Early tracheostomy in severely burned pediatric patients: 16-year experience at a tertiary burn center in China
Authors: Chen Bin , Kuang Fang , Zhang Zhi , Chen Liying , Liu Zhihe , Zhang Xuhui , Tang Wenbin , Chen Yuan , Zhang Shuang , Feng Qiao , Li Xiaojian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: A tracheostomy is a lifesaving procedure in severely burned pediatric patients. Because of the complex operative procedures, higher incidence of complications, pulmonary infections and mortality, tracheostomy in pediatric patients has always been controversial, especially for children < 3 years of age. Our study aimed to describe the characteristics of severely burned pediatric patients who had a tracheostomy and to identify the risk factors associated with complications related to tracheostomies, so as to provide assistance and suggestions for the airway management of such patients.Method: Severely burned pediatric patients (aged ≤15 years of age) who had a tracheostomy between 1 January, 2004 and 31 December, 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The following data were collected: age; gender; total burn surface area (TBSA); burn mechanism; inhalation injury; indication for tracheostomy; time from injury to tracheotomy; duration of ventilation; duration of tracheostomy, tracheotomy-related complications; and prognosis.Results: Sixty-five severely burned pediatric patients with tracheostomies were reviewed in this study, 70.6% were < 3 years of age. The 0-3 year age group had the largest number of tracheotomies and the highest incidence of tracheostomy-related complications. Tracheotomy-related complications occurred in 15 patients (23.1%); seven, and eight were early and late complications, respectively. There was no significant relationship between the risk factors that were analyzed and early complications, but TBSA%, ventilation time, and duration of tracheostomy were significantly related to late complications. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that age, TBSA%, inhalation injury, and ventilation time were independent variables influencing the duration of tracheostomy. Decannulation was carried out successfully in 96.7% (58/60) of surviving patients. Age (B = −0.011, p = 0.008), TBSA (B = 1.5, p = 0.006), inhalation injury (B = 1.07, p = 0.004), and ventilation time (B = 1.081, p = 0.000) were independent risk factors influencing the duration of tracheostomy. Five patients died (7.7%); no children died from tracheotomy-related complications.Conclusion: Early tracheostomy is a relatively safe and effective method for airway management in severely burned children; however, patients < 3 years of age should be evaluated for tracheostomy with greater caution due to the severity of the complications.
Up-regulation of BTLA expression in myeloid dendritic cells in neonatal sepsis associated with the treatment outcome and down-regulation of DC function
Authors: Wang Wandang , Yang Xuran , Guo Mingfa , Pan Zhifeng , Qiu Mingjin , Wu Jingyi , Jia Jing , Liang Yingliang , Zheng Wenting , Chen Guanghui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Neonatal sepsis is an acute life-threatening condition in neonates, and a proper innate inflammatory is essential for prevention of the systemic inflammation associated with sepsis. As the most potential antigen-presenting innate immune cells, dentritic cells (DCs) dysfunction has been verified detrimental for sepsis. B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an immune-regulatory receptor shown to be associated with DCs dysfunction. However, the role of BTLA expression in myeloid DCs (mDCs) in neonatal sepsis is unknown. Methods: 61 of neonates with sepsis and 32 of neonates having no suspicion of sepsis as control were enrolled into this study. BTLA and HLA-DR expression in mDCs was measured by flow cytometry. To further study the role of BTLA in regulating mDCs function, BTLA+mDCs and BTLA-mDCs from septic neonates were sorted and utilized to evaluate the phagacytosis capacity, bactericidal ability as well as cytokine secretion of mDCs.Results: A higher percentage of BTLA+mDCs were observed in neonatal septic patients and the percentage was positively correlated to the duration of hospitalization of neonates as well as the severity of sepsis. Moreover, a decrease MFI expression of HLA-DR was found in mDCs in neonatal sepsis, which expression was negatively correlated with the percentage of BTLA+mDCs. When compared to BTLA-mDCs, sorted BTLA+mDCs exhibited lower FITC-dextran uptake capacity but more CFU E.coli number after cells challenged by E.coli. In addition, BTLA+mDCs comparatively secreted lower level of TNF-α and IL-12, but higher IL-10. Conclusions: A higher level of BTLA in mDCs in the observed septic neonates was associated to the severity of neonatal sepsis; therefore, BTLA expression in mDCs could be a useful biomarker help to determine the neonatal sepsis development. Additionally, BTLA negatively regulated the phagocytosis capacity and bactericidal ability of mDCs and lowered their antigen-presenting ability as well as altered cells into an anti-inflammatory phenotype. Thus, targeting BTLA in mDCs may be a new therapeutic strategy for neonatal sepsis.
Determination of 650nm wavelength for rapid detection of sickle cell anemia
Authors: Jadah Noor , Shamkhi Imad 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Sickle cell anemia (SCA), is a type of inherited hemoglobin diseases, It is resulting from point mutation in the β-hemoglobin gene, that resulted from replacement of adenine with thymine, producing a phenotype of sickle hemoglobin (HbS). This paper represents a first try of hemo-photodiagnosis for such disorders using single wavelength, that absorbed by normal blood, so that any change in absorbance value interprets as pathological disorders of hemoglobin. Methods The proposed photobiosensor was designed according to Beer-Lamberts law. The system was involved diode laser of 650nm wavelength, with 100 mW output power, where the laser beam passed through a cuvette of blood sample, and then transmitted light emite to an optical lens to focus transmitted laser beam in to 2mm in diameter of laser spot size on optical sensor window of laser power meter detector that measure the amount of transmitted light in volts. Results The readings that displayed on LCD of laser power meter, had been analyzed using compare means values and ANOVA table of SPSS program. Conclusion The main conclusion that photobiosensor design was able to distinguish between experimental blood groups with respect to hemoglobin pathological conditions.