bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of the 2019 AORN Salary and Compensation Survey
Authors: Bacon Donald R. , Stewart Kim A. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTAORN conducted its 17th annual compensation survey for perioperative nurses in June 2019. A multiple regression model was used to examine how several variables, including job title, education level, certification, experience, and geographic region, affect perioperative nurse compensation. Comparisons between the 2019 data and data from previous years are presented. The effects of other forms of compensation (eg, on‐call compensation, overtime, bonuses, shift differentials, benefits) on total compensation also are examined. Additional analyses explore the current state of the nursing shortage and the sources of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
Nursery habitat for Asian horseshoe crabs along the northern Beibu Gulf, China: Implications for conservation management under baseline gaps
Authors: Xie Xiaoyong , Wu Zhou , Wang Chun‐Chieh , Fu Yijian , Wang Xueping , Xu Peng , Huang Xing , Liao Yongyan , Huang Shiang‐Lin , Kwan Kit Yue 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Identification, protection and enhancement of essential habitats are priority issues for management and restoration of exploited species. The shores utilized by Asian horseshoe crabs as nurseries were surveyed and the coastal habitat characteristics were described in the northern Beibu Gulf of China. Regression models were applied to explore species‐habitat relationships.
Fourteen and ten nursery sites were identified for Tachypleus tridentatus and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda populations, respectively. Xiacun and Jinhaiwan in the eastern region of the northern Beibu Gulf were the essential nurseries for T. tridentatus, whereas Shanxin and Jiaodong in the western part were the primary nursery shores for C. rotundicauda. These shores supported high densities (4–6 individuals/100 m2) of juvenile horseshoe crab populations.
Mangrove and seagrass coverage area, coupled with sediment physico‐chemical parameters, particularly grain size, and the environmental heterogeneity of nursery habitats explained the distribution pattern of juvenile populations. Most juvenile populations were found along the outer fringe of mangroves in the small shallow estuary, particularly near outflows of tidal creeks with generally higher chlorophyll a and organic carbon contents. The distribution of high‐density juvenile populations of both species also overlapped with areas of seagrass patches.
These findings highlight the importance of mangroves and seagrasses in the nursery habitat use of Asian horseshoe crabs. Preserving the estuarine habitats with these vegetation types and identifying the high‐use nursery sites should be prioritised in China and other Asian places to conserve the declining Asian horseshoe crab populations.
Sensitivity of near‐infrared transmittance calculations for remote sensing applications to recent changes in spectroscopic information
Authors: Menang Kaah P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn accurate determination of atmospheric transmittance relies greatly on the quality of both absorption line parameters and continuum absorption model. A line‐by‐line radiative transfer model has been used to determine the magnitude of the changes in atmospheric transmittance due to recent updates of HITRAN (HIgh‐resolution TRANsmission) line parameters and differences in water vapour continuum formulation. The radiative transfer calculations were carried out at two narrow near‐infrared carbon dioxide bands near 4,854 cm−1 (2.06 μm) and 6,211 cm−1 (1.61 μm), which are currently used by satellite‐based instruments for retrieval of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Transmittance calculations using line parameters from the last three HITRAN editions (2008, 2012 and 2016) show that HITRAN2016 is more similar to HITRAN2012 than HITRAN2008. However, differences of up to about 5% were obtained between transmittances computed using HITRAN2016 and HITRAN2012. Considering the fact that some groups still use HITRAN2012 in forward models for very high (sub percent) accuracy retrievals of CO2 from satellite measurements, these differences are significant and should be accounted for in the uncertainty budget. Transmittances calculated using the semi‐empirical MT_CKD 2.5 (Mlawer–Tobin–Clough–Kneizys–Davies) and the laboratory‐measured CAVIAR (Continuum Absorption at Visible and Infrared Wavelengths and its Atmospheric Relevance) water vapour continuum models differ by up to about 5–6%. The impact of the continuum formulation adopted for near‐infrared transmittance calculations needs to be quantitatively assessed, most especially as the strength of the water vapour continuum in this spectral region is still contested.
Reconfiguration of large‐scale functional connectivity in patients with disorders of consciousness
Authors: Martínez Darwin E. , Rudas Jorge , Demertzi Athena , Charland‐Verville Vanessa , Soddu Andrea , Laureys Steven , Gómez Francisco 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionFunctional connectivity alterations within individual resting state networks (RSNs) are linked to disorders of consciousness (DOC). If these alterations influence the interaction quality with other RNSs, then, brain alterations in patients with DOC would be characterized by connectivity changes in the large‐scale model composed of RSNs. How are functional interactions between RSNs influenced by internal alterations of individual RSNs? Do the functional alterations induced by DOC change some key properties of the large‐scale network, which have been suggested to be critical for the consciousness emergence? Here, we use network analysis to measure functional connectivity in patients with DOC and address these questions. We hypothesized that network properties provide descriptions of brain functional reconfiguration associated with consciousness alterations.MethodsWe apply nodal and global network measurements to study the reconfiguration linked with the disease severity. We study changes in integration, segregation, and centrality properties of the functional connectivity between the RSNs in subjects with different levels of consciousness.ResultsOur analysis indicates that nodal measurements are more sensitive to disease severity than global measurements, particularly, for functional connectivity of sensory and cognitively related RSNs.ConclusionThe network property alterations of functional connectivity in different consciousness levels suggest a whole‐brain topological reorganization of the large‐scale functional connectivity in patients with DOC.
Collective ideological work for an alternative to consumerism: How an intentional community balances ideals and practice
Authors: Binay Itir , Brace‐Govan Jan , Oppewal Harmen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper extends the discussion on alternatives to consumerism by examining how consumers may distance themselves from the market by entering communal interdependency, aspiring to create alternative social structures and culture. We apply the lens of ideological work to analyse how an eco‐community in Turkey attempts to achieve a communally agreed ideal. A participatory ethnography allowed us to observe how this aspiring collective of individuals manage the tensions that arise between the variously derived ideals and the efforts to communally achieve the ideal. Specifically, our ethnography uncovers how aspirations for transformation from market dependence to communal interdependence are brought into existence through practical and symbolic ideological work. The paper presents the community members, their ideals and aspirations, and the community's activities. It discusses the challenges faced when the symbolism and practicalities of ideological work come together in quotidian life. The paper shows the role of ideological work in generating communally agreed alternatives to consumerism and in managing moral dilemmas.
Triptolide improves spinal cord injury by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis
Authors: Zhu Ning , Ruan Jianwei , Yang Xinming , Huang Yang , Jiang Yuting , Wang Yucheng , Cai Danyang , Geng Yu , Fang Marong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe investigated the effect of triptolide (TP) on spinal cord injury (SCI), and its underlying mechanism. Following the establishment of the SCI model using YFP H‐line transgenic mice, TP was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg once daily for 7 days. Behavioral tests, Nissl staining, and hematoxylin–eosin staining were employed to assess motor function recovery and neuronal cell death. Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to assess autophagy‐associated proteins (LC3B, p62, Beclin‐1) and the apoptosis‐associated proteins (Bcl‐2, caspase‐3, Bax). The TP‐treated group showed improved motor functions, and reduced neuronal cell death. Also, significant upregulation of Bcl‐2 and LC3B expressions, with the downregulation of p62, Bax and caspase‐3 expressions were found in the TP‐treated group. Additionally, phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1 and ERK2) was decreased in the TP‐treated group. TP mediates its protective effect in SCI by promoting the autophagic pathway while inhibiting the MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. These results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of TP in SCI.
Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction in a patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung
Authors: El Mouhayyar Christopher , Chehab Omar , Khalil Emilia , Al Hallak Mohammed Najeeb , Kanj Amjad , Bishop Carter 
Published: November 2019

AbstractParaneoplastic syndromes in lung malignancies can lead to leukemoid reaction with an elevation of eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes. The elevation of these three lineages together due to paraneoplastic syndromes has not been described in literature yet.
ATP Regeneration System in Chemoenzymatic Amide Bond Formation with Thermophilic CoA Ligase
Authors: Lelièvre Chloé M. , Balandras Mélanie , Petit Jean‐Louis , Vergne‐Vaxelaire Carine , Zaparucha Anne 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCoA ligases are enzymes catalyzing the ATP‐dependent addition of coenzyme A to carboxylic acids in two steps through an adenylate intermediate. This intermediate can be diverted by a nucleophilic non enzymatic addition of amine to get the corresponding amide for synthetic purposes. To this end, we selected thermophilic CoA ligases to study the conversion of various carboxylic acids into their amide counterparts. To limit the use of ATP, we implemented an ATP regeneration system combining polyphosphate kinase 2 (PPK2 Class III) and inorganic pyrophosphatase. Suitability of this system was illustrated by the lab‐scale chemoenzymatic synthesis of N‐methylbutyrylamide in 77 % yield using low enzyme loading and 5 % molar ATP.
Coke Formation during Propane Dehydrogenation over Ga−Rh Supported Catalytically Active Liquid Metal Solutions
Authors: Wolf Moritz , Raman Narayanan , Taccardi Nicola , Haumann Marco , Wasserscheid Peter 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSupported Catalytically Active Liquid Metal Solutions (SCALMS) were recently described as a new class of heterogeneous catalysts, where the catalytic transformation takes place at the highly dynamic interface of a liquid alloy. Their application in alkane dehydrogenation has been claimed to be superior to classical heterogeneous catalysts, because the single atom nature of Rh dissolved in liquid Ga hinders the formation of significant amounts of coke, e. g. by oligomerisation of carbon fragments and excessive dehydrogenation. In the present study, we investigate the coking behaviour of Ga−Rh SCALMS during dehydrogenation of propane in detail by means of high‐resolution thermogravimetry. We report that the application of Ga−Rh SCALMS indeed limits the formation of coke when compared to the Ga‐free Rh catalyst, in particular when relating coke formation to the catalytic performance. Furthermore, the formed coke has been shown to be highly reactive during temperature programmed oxidation in 21 % O2/He with onset temperatures of approx. 150 °C enabling a regeneration of the Ga−Rh SCALMS system under mild conditions. The activation energy of the oxidation lies in the lower range of values reported for spent cracking catalysts. Monitoring the formation of coke and performance of SCALMS in situ via thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry revealed the continuous formation of coke, which becomes the only process affecting the net weight change after a certain time on stream.
Hierarchical Multiporous Nickel for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Media
Authors: Assavapanumat Sunpet , Ketkaew Marisa , Garrigue Patrick , Lapeyre Véronique , Reculusa Stéphane , Wattanakit Chularat , Kuhn Alexander 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe front cover artwork for Issue 24/2019 is provided by researchers from the Analytical Nanosystems group of the Institute of Molecular Science in Bordeaux (France) and the Advanced Magic Porous Material group at the Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (Thailand). The image illustrates one of the results of a long lasting collaboration between the two groups dedicated to the design, the synthesis and applications of advanced porous materials. In this particular case, the combination of macroporous and mesoporous features in a nickel layer is tested for the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction. See the Full Paper itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201901509.
A Photo‐Assisted Chargeable Aqueous Zinc‐Iodine Battery
Authors: Man Yanyan , Hao Qingfei , Chen Fei , Chen Xiangtao , Wang Yanjun , Liu Tiangang , Liu Fei , Li Na 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSolar energy is an abundant and renewable energy resource, but it must be captured and stored for practical application in view of the intermittency and low‐energy density. The search for an effective solar energy storage system is highly required, yet remains a challenge. In this paper, we design a novel solar energy storage device by integrating a TiO2 photo‐electrode into an aqueous zinc‐iodine battery (ZIB). During charging process under illumination, I− in catholyte is oxidized to I3− by photo‐excited holes from TiO2 photo‐electrode. Meanwhile, the photo‐excited electrons transfer to the anode through the external circuit and reduce the Zn2+ into Zn. Due to the compensation of photo‐voltage, an ultralow charging voltage of 0.56 V is achieved, much lower than the discharging voltage (1.2 V), resulting in 54 % input electric energy savings.
Odd‐Even Effects on Transport Properties of Polycyclic Arene Molecular Devices with Decreasing Numbers of Benzene Rings
Authors: Xia Yujie , Li Tao , Yuan Chao , Fletcher Cameron , Dai Xinyue , Zhang Xingfan , Zhang Lishu , Jiang Yanyan , Li Hui 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe electron transport properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with different numbers of benzene rings tethered to narrow zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) electrodes have been investigated. Results show that the transport properties of PAHs are dependent on whether the number of benzene rings in the width direction is odd or even. This effect is strong for narrow width PAHs, but its strength decreases as the width of the PAH is increased. PAHs with an odd number of rings exhibit poor transport properties, whereas the ones having an even number of rings show excellent transport properties coupled with a negative differential resistance (NDR) effect. Moreover, the linkage points and the structure of the molecules have a noticeable effect on the transport properties of the PAH, making the odd‐even effect weaker or disappear entirely. Although the PAH with three benzene rings displays poor transport capabilities, it shows excellent rectification behavior compared to the other examined molecules. These studies present a feasible avenue for designing molecular devices with enhanced performance by the careful manipulation of the PAH molecular structure.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Acyl Anion Organocatalysis by Ball‐Milling
Authors: Nicholson William I. , Seastram Alex C. , Iqbal Saqib A. , Reed‐Berendt Benjamin G. , Morrill Louis C. , Browne Duncan L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe ability to conduct N‐heterocyclic carbene‐catalysed acyl anion chemistry under ball‐milling conditions is reported for the first time. This process has been exemplified through applications to intermolecular‐benzoin, intramolecular‐benzoin, intermolecular‐Stetter and intramolecular‐Stetter reactions including asymmetric examples and demonstrates that this mode of mechanistically complex organocatalytic reaction can operate under solvent‐minimised conditions.
Activated microglia desialylate their surface, stimulating complement receptor 3‐mediated phagocytosis of neurons
Authors: Allendorf David H. , Puigdellívol Mar , Brown Guy C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe glycoproteins and glycolipids of the cell surface have sugar chains that normally terminate in a sialic acid residue, but inflammatory activation of myeloid cells can cause sialidase enzymes to remove these residues, resulting in desialylation and altered activity of surface receptors, such as the phagocytic complement receptor 3 (CR3). We found that activation of microglia with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), fibrillar amyloid beta (Aβ), Tau or phorbol myristate acetate resulted in increased surface sialidase activity and desialylation of the microglial surface. Desialylation of microglia by adding sialidase, stimulated microglial phagocytosis of beads, but this was prevented by siRNA knockdown of CD11b or a blocking antibody to CD11b (a component of CR3). Desialylation of microglia by a sialyl‐transferase inhibitor (3FAx‐peracetyl‐Neu5Ac) also stimulated microglial phagocytosis of beads. Desialylation of primary glial‐neuronal co‐cultures by adding sialidase or the sialyl‐transferase inhibitor resulted in neuronal loss that was prevented by inhibiting phagocytosis with cytochalasin D or the blocking antibody to CD11b. Adding desialylated microglia to glial‐neuronal cultures, in the absence of neuronal desialylation, also caused neuronal loss prevented by CD11b blocking antibody. Adding LPS or Aβ to primary glial‐neuronal co‐cultures caused neuronal loss, and this was prevented by inhibiting endogenous sialidase activity with N‐acetyl‐2,3‐dehydro‐2‐deoxyneuraminic acid or blockage of CD11b. Thus, activated microglia release a sialidase activity that desialylates the cell surface, stimulating CR3‐mediated phagocytosis of neurons, making extracellular sialidase and CR3 potential treatment targets to prevent inflammatory loss of neurons.
Complications of tissue expansion in the head and neck
Authors: Azzi Jayson L. , Thabet Chloe , Azzi Alain J. , Gilardino Mirko S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe authors aim to present a comprehensive review detailing the present state of evidence with regard to complications following tissue expansion in the head and neck.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted to identify all studies reporting complications of tissue expansion in the head and neck between 2000 and 2019. Subgroup comparisons based on expander locations and planes were conducted.ResultsA total of 7058 patients were included. Tissue expansion was associated with an overall complication rate of 8.73% (616/7058). The most common complications were extrusion (207/7009; 3.0%) and hematoma (200/7009; 2.9%). Overall complications were highest in the scalp (65/238; 27.3%) and lowest in the mastoid (347/5688; 6.1%). Complications were more common with expansion in the non‐subcutaneous plane (63/590; 10.7%).ConclusionIn the absence of large clinical trials, systematic reviews such as these can help inform clinical guidelines and provide practitioners with an evidence‐based reference to improve informed consent.
Pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HPV‐associated oropharynx cancer
Authors: Sadeghi Nader , Khalife Sarah , Mascarella Marco A. , Ramanakumar Agnihotram V. , Richardson Keith , Joshi Arjun S. , Bouganim Nathaniel , Taheri Reza , Fuson Andrew , Siegel Robert 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundA paradigm shift has led to de‐escalation trials for the treatment of HPV‐positive oropharynx cancer (OPC). The objective of this study was to assess the ability of tumor volume reduction on imaging to predict pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with HPV‐positive OPC.MethodsA prospective observational study of 54 patients with HPV‐positive OPC enrolled in a clinical trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery was performed. Patients underwent three cycles of induction chemotherapy (cisplatin/docetaxel); prechemotherapy and postchemotherapy imaging were obtained. Receiver operating characteristic curves and logistic regression analyses were used.ResultsThe complete pathologic response (pCR) rate at primary and nodal sites were 72% and 57%, respectively. Tumor volume reduction of ≥90% following induction chemotherapy predicted pCR of the primary tumor.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by definitive transoral surgery is a new paradigm worthy of further investigation and MRI is a reliable modality to assess preoperative response.
Radiation treatment of soft palate squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Rapp Cooper T. , Chera Bhishamjit S. , Morris Christopher G. , Amdur Robert J. , Kirwan Jessica M. , Mendenhall William M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo report our institution's experience treating soft palate squamous cell carcinoma with radiotherapy alone or combined with adjuvant chemotherapy and/or neck dissection for residual disease.MethodsWe analyzed 159 patients treated curatively between 1963 and 2016. Median follow‐up was 4 years.ResultsThe 5‐year local control rates were T1, 90%; T2, 90%; T3, 70%; and T4, 59%. The 5‐year cause‐specific survival (CSS) rate was nearly identical for patients with stage I‐III disease (88%, 86%, and 88%, respectively) compared to stage IVA/B (58%). Five‐year overall survival was similar between patients with stage I‐III disease (50%, 57%, and 54%, respectively) and approximately double that of patients with stage IVA/B disease (26%). Thirteen patients (8%) had severe complications related to radiotherapy.ConclusionsThe likelihood of cure after definitive radiotherapy is relatively high in patients with stage I‐III disease with soft palate carcinoma. Patients with stage IVA/B disease have a lower cure rate but with a 5‐year CSS exceeding 50%.