bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Alum Sludge as partial replacement for cement adding superplasticizer
Authors: Vasudevan Gunalaan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The production of alum sludge from waste water treatment plant is increasing all over the world. Disposal of alum is becoming a serious environmental problem. Another alarming issue is attributed to the high usage of concrete in the construction industry where concrete is one of its main material. This will lead to increased cement production and emission of carbon dioxide emission. Hence, the research for replacement of cement by alum sludge is essential to reduce both the emissions of carbon dioxide and the disposal problem of alum sludge. An attempt has been made to investigate the use of sewage sludge ash as partial cement replacement in concrete. The alum sludge is incinerated at the temperature of 600 and a duration of 3hours. The incinerated alum sludge is sieved through size of 150. Four different percentages of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of alum sludge (AS) is used to replace the cement in the concrete. XRD and XRF tests were carried out to determine the similarity component present in the AS. Water absorption test and slump test has also been carried out to check the capacity of water absorption, durability and workability of the AS concrete. The compressive strength of AS concrete is also determined through rebound hammer and compression test. Result show that AS has the potential to replace cement as the major chemical component of AS is similar to that of cement.10% of AS concrete shows a lower absorption value than the control sample which shows that 10% SSA would have a better durability. However, an increase in the percentage of AS decrease the workability and compressive strength and yet, the 10% AS concrete possesses compressive strength higher than 25N/mm2 which can be applied in structural application. The findings suggested that the suitability of alum sludge concrete in different cement replacement ratio is applicable for different usage. The application of alum sludge in concrete will directly reduce the quantity of the cement used which also decreases the emission of carbon dioxide and solving the disposal problem of alum sludge.
Voids distribution of pavement filters subjected to permeating fines: a coupled DEM-statistical inference
Authors: Dassanayake Sandun M. , Mousa Ahmad , Kong Daniel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Granular soils in pavement systems, insidiously experience fines migration during their expected lifespan. Experimental monitoring of particles movement in a granular matrix is extremely challenging due to its concealed nature. Numerically modelling the permeation process demands a high computational power and requires additional conditions, which are frequently difficult to be obtained. This paper proposes an integrated numerical approach to estimate the conditional probability of observing a given voids ratio of a filter subjected to different fractions of permeating fines. The discrete element method (DEM) has been used for developing numerical samples of random voxels to estimate the void ratio distribution of the fines-free filter (i.e. virgin filter). Qualitative results obtained from a pilot scale experimental program have been presented to validate the hypotheses on which the novel methodology has been developed. The results further show that the distribution of the voids ratio in the filters subjected to permeating fines follow a gamma distribution, with a 0.9 probability of observing a voids ratio lower than the average value in the virgin filter.
Calculation of the maximum endurance of a small unmanned aerial vehicle in a hover
Authors: Hnidka J , Rozehnal D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Optimizing the flight performance, chiefly maximum endurance, of small unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs) relying on propellers powered by an electric motor/s as a form of propulsion is key challenge in SUAV development. Choosing the correct combination of propellers, electric motors and batteries is necessary and knowledge of characteristics of all three factors is of a great help. The paper presents a simple blade element model (BEM), which can be used to calculate the propeller performance characteristics. This model is further validated by measurements in the wind tunnel. The paper also presents measurements of electric motor and battery discharge characteristics. Finally, the paper presents a method of calculation of maximum endurance in hover.
Research of the impact of geometric unevenness of the railway track on the dynamic parameters of the railway rolling stock with two-stage spring suspension
Authors: Kuzyshyn A , Kostritsa S , Ursulyak L , Batig A , Sobolevska J , Voznyak O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The paper studies the possibility of using previously developed by the authors spatial mathematical model of the modern diesel train DPKr-2 for parameters determination, with the help of which the dynamic properties of the mechanical part are evaluated. The dependences of maximum accelerations of the body in the vertical and horizontal planes, the coefficients of vertical and horizontal dynamics both in the primary and in the secondary suspension on the speed of the car movement, the amplitude and the length of geometrical unevenness of the railway track were obtained. It is established at what speeds, depending on the parameters of geometrical unevenness of the railway track, the phenomenon of resonance and danger for the diesel train car movement appears. For a particular length of geometrical unevenness, the maximum permissible value of its amplitude over the entire range of speed movement, where the coefficients of vertical and horizontal dynamics in the primary suspension do not exceed permissible limits, has been studied. The adequacy of the mathematical model is checked by comparing the results obtained during calculations with the experimental ones.
Study of the prospect of k-Li lubricant for axle boxes of the railway rolling stock
Authors: Kravets Andrii , Yevtushenko Andrii , Kozar Leonid , Kravets Anna , Kovalov Maksym 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The use of various types of plastic lubricants (such as LZ-TsNII, ZhRO, etc.) in the axle boxes of locomotives, cars and track machines in the Ukrainian railway network causes technological inconveniences at the stage of procurement, supply and regulation of this process, moreover, their operational capabilities do not quite satisfy modern operating conditions of axle boxes of the railway rolling stock. The paper proposes to solve this problem by using a single brand of modern multi-purpose lubricant on lithium complex basis (k-Li) – MZT – in axle boxes of all types of railway rolling stock. The presented results of the comparative analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the mentioned lubricants demonstrate that the MZT lubricant completely meets the operating conditions of the axle bearings and can provide their high-quality lubrication under any conditions of operation. The tribological studies of lubricants on frictional testing machines, with simulation of their operation with rolling friction and sliding friction, demonstrated that anti-wear, antifriction and anti-cuffing properties of the MZT lubricant are much better than those of LZ-TsNII and ZhRO lubricants. It has been found out that the properties of the MZT lubricant are most effectively used under high load in friction pairs. The paper presents the results of testing the MZT lubricant in the actual conditions of operation of locomotives, railway cars and multiple unit rolling stock, which demonstrated its high efficiency and operation capacity.
Methods for forming interfacial heat-mass exchange surface in flowing air contact with water
Authors: Averkin A.G. , Eremkin A.I. , Kiselev S.O. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A review of methods for forming interfacial heat-mass exchange surface in contact devices for air steam treatment is given. An effective method for creation of heat-mass exchange surface in air flow contact with water in the course of adiabatic wetting in air conditioning systems is proposed: by use of a plate head-piece with a mechanical vibration exciter. A method of defining area of the interfacial heat-mass exchange surface for these conditions is developed on the base of number of transfer units. The criterion equations to describe heat and mass transfer which occur when a plate head-piece with a vibration exciter is used for adiabatic air wetting are obtained. Use of a plate head-piece with vibration exciter as a contact device reduces energy consumption due to reduction of aerodynamic resistance of the air path and process intensification.
Aluminate spinel-based SHS pigments for fire-resistant protective and decorative coatings
Authors: Radishevskaya N I , Nazarova A Yu , Kasatsky N G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the work, color spinel-based inorganic pigments obtained by the SHS method are used in fire-resistant protective and decorative aluminophosphate-bonded coatings. X-ray diffraction (DRON-UM1 diffractometer, filtered CuKα radiation) and IR spectroscopic (Nicolet 5700 FTIR spectrometer) analyzes revealed that the coating contained AlPO4, Al2(PO3)3 and Al(H2PO4)3 phases and spinel. Thermal analysis performed on an SDT Q600 thermal analyzer showed a slight mass loss related to the polymerization of phosphates and the formation of P2O7
2-anion in the range of 500-550 °C, which was also confirmed by IR spectroscopy. The color of protective and decorative coatings is maintained at temperatures of up to 1000 °C. Optical studies (Axiovert 200M) showed that color coatings subjected to heat treatment at 300 °C have a uniform structure that does not contain cracks, and therefore they can be used for metal, concrete and brick surfaces.
Use of Additive Technologies to Optimize Design of Classifying Devices
Authors: Romashev A O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The article considers perspectives of the use of additive technologies to optimize the design of classifying devices. A brief overview of the solutions developed using 3D printing of for mining industry is given. It is stated that creation of models is impossible without knowledge of the laws of distribution of flows and expressions describing them. For this purpose, the influence of the pulp viscosity on classification in a hydrocyclone on an experimental unit has been studied. A modified Plitt model was proposed to predict the separation grain. The proposed model takes into account the pulp viscosity and predicts the size of the boundary grain more accurately.
Creation mechanism of Devil’s Staircase surface and unstable and stable periodic orbits in the anisotropic Kepler problem
Authors: Shimada T , Sumiya K , Kubo K 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the two-dimensional Anisotropic Kepler Problem (AKP), a longstanding question concerns the uniqueness of an unstable periodic orbit (PO) for a given binary code (modulo symmetry equivalence). In this paper, a finite-level (N) surface defined by the binary coding of the orbit is considered over the initial-value domain D
0. A tiling of D
0 by base ribbons of the surface steps is shown to be proper, i.e., the surface height increases monotonously when the ribbons are traversed from left to right. The mechanism of creating a level-(N+1) tiling from the level-N tiling is clarified in the course of the proof. There are two possible cases depending on the code and the anisotropy. (A) Every ribbon shrinks to a line as

N
→
∞

. Here, the uniqueness holds. (B) When future (F) and past (P) ribbons become tangential to each other, they escape from the shrinking. Then, the initial values of a stable PO (S) and an unstable PO (U) sharing the same code co-exist inside the overlap of the F and P non-shrinking ribbons. This corresponds to Broucke’s PO. When the anisotropy is high, only case A is observed; however, as the anisotropy decreases, a bifurcation of the form

U
(
R
)
→
S
(
R
)
+
U
′
(
NR
)

occurs along with the emergence of a non-shrinking ribbon. (Here, R and NR denote self-retracing and non-self-retracing POs, respectively). We conjecture that, from a classification based on topology and symmetry, case B occurs only for odd-rank, Y-symmetric POs. We report two applications. First, the classification is applied successfully to the successive bifurcation of a high-rank PO (n = 15), where the above bifurcation is followed by

S
(
R
)
→
S
′
(
R
)
+
S
″
(
NR
)

. Second, enhancing the sensitivity to the co-existence of S and U POs through ribbon tiling, we examine the high-anisotropy region. A new symmetry-type POs (O-type) are found and, at γ = 0.2, all POs are shown to be unstable and unique. An investigation of 13648 POs at rank 10 verifies that Gutzwiller’s action formula works with amazing accuracy.
Numerical solution of micropolar nanofluids with Soret, Dufor effects and multiple slip conditions
Authors: Ibrahim Wubshet , Zemedu Chaluma 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The objective of this study is to explore the effects of Dufour and Soret with multiple slip conditions on 3D boundary layer flow of a micropolar nanofluid. The mathematical modeling for the flow problem has been created. Using appropriate similarity transformation and non-dimensional variable, the governing non-linear boundary value problem is reduced to a coupled high order non-linear ordinary differential equations which is numerically solved. The solutions were using method bvp4c from matlab software for different quantities of governing parameters. The influences of different parameters on skin friction coefficients

−
f
″

0

,
−
g
″

0

,

wall duo stress coefficients

−

ϕ

1

′

0

,
−

ϕ

2

′

0

the Nusselt number

−
θ
′

0

,

Sherwood number

−
s
′

0

as well as the velocities, temperature, and concentration are examined and discussed through tables and graphs. The finding results indicate the skin friction coefficients, wall duo stresses coefficients (along both x- and y-axes), the Nusselt number and the Sherwood number demonstrate decreasing behavior for an increase in slip parameters but the opposite effects are detected with the values of stretching ratio parameters. A comparison with previous studies available in the literature has been done and a very good agreement is obtained.
Multifunctional composites: a metamaterial perspective
Authors: Lincoln Reece L , Scarpa Fabrizio , Ting Valeska P , Trask Richard S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Multifunctional composites offer the ability to increase the efficiency, autonomy and lifespan of a structure by performing functions that would have been considered by designers as mutually exclusive. In the present perspective paper, a subclass of multifunctional composites is considered: metamaterials. In this perspective, a multifunctional composite is defined as ‘made of two or more materials that perform two or more functions in a manner that is constructive to the overall purpose of the structure’ where there is no differentiation between structural or non-structural functions. Equally, we define metamaterials are a class of man-made structures that display properties that are opposite to those typically found in nature. These ‘engineered’ architected materials continue to revisit and extend the boundaries of traditional materials science, opening up a wealth of new opportunities impacting on all aspects of human life. In our work, multifunctional metamaterials are delineated: electrodynamic, acoustic and mechanical. We review the current progress in these types of multifunctional metamaterials in terms of their bandwidth, fabrication techniques and applicability; noting that lattice structures offer considerable potential across all three functionalities. It culminates in the discussion of three key challenges which are seen by the authors as critical in the development of the next generation of lattice-type multifunctional metamaterials; namely, bandwidth, fabrication technique and proof of applicability. Success by the scientific community in these areas will lead to 3D multi-scale and multimedia lattice frameworks capable of influencing all three types of waves instantly; such a system would be a major technological breakthrough and will redefine our concept and understanding of multifunctional metamaterials in the next 10–20 years.
Ultrasonic Lamb wave measurement sensitivity of aligned carbon nanotube coated fiber Bragg grating
Authors: Wee Junghyun , Hackney Drew , Wells Brian , Bradford Philip D , Peters Kara 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are typically bonded on the surface of a structure using an adhesive to collect ultrasonic waves for damage detection in structural health monitoring applications. However, the ultrasonic wave transfer from structure to optical fiber suffers signal attenuation due to the adhesive bond layer, which has a significantly different acoustic impedance than the optical fiber. Therefore, this paper develops a systematic procedure to fabricate an aligned carbon nanotube (CNT)-wrapped FBGs for acoustic impedance matching. Specifically, we first develop an automated CNT winding system to fabricate CNT-wrapped FBGs with varying CNT layer thickness, which are bonded to an aluminum plate for ultrasonic sensitivity testing. We demonstrate that CNT wrapped FBGs do not necessarily produce an increased sensitivity as compared to a reference polyimide-coated FBG, however some outliers are observed with a significant improvement. Using a scanning electron microscopy we examine the cross-section of CNT/adhesive layers, identifying a unique CNT/adhesive bonding morphology with a stiff exterior shell and a relatively compliant inner layer. Finite element simulation validates that this two-layered bonding geometry is most likely the source of the increased FBG ultrasonic sensitivity for the outliers.
Age and Youth, Sound and Vision
Authors: Robson Catherine 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This roundtable offers four diverse perspectives on Peter Jackson’s innovative and controversial World War I documentary film They Shall Not Grow Old (2018). Jackson’s film breaks the mold of the documentary genre in its manipulation and montage of the visual and audio archives held at the Imperial War Museum in London. Yet he puts his technical virtuosity and resources at the service of a very traditional interpretation of the war, focusing almost entirely on the experience of young Englishmen on the Western Front. Scholars Santanu Das, Susan R. Grayzel, Jessica Meyer, and Catherine Robson offer their reflections on both the gains and losses of Jackson’s paradoxical original use of historical documents and old-fashioned rendering of the war’s experiential elements. They consider, respectively, the experience of colonial troops, the place of women in the war, and Jackson’s creative, if controversial, interpretation of the visual and aural archive.
Socialist vicissitudes on the right to work in France, 1848–1851
Authors: Bouchet Thomas 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article examines the different meanings given to the ‘right to work’ during the French Second Republic (1848–51). Although liberals painted all demands for this right with the same ‘socialist’ brush, denouncing them as vague and dangerously utopian, calls for this right were neither vague nor exclusively socialist. Those espousing the right to work held concrete, if differing, views about what duties it entailed and what its relation was to private property, political rights and the role of the state. This essay examines the views of socialists, non-socialist and labour associations on the right to work, examining how they changed in the course of the Revolution of 1848. As faith waned in the state’s willingness and ability to secure it, so, too, did preoccupations with the right to work, which gave way increasingly to associationalism. The right would not become constitutional until the Fourth Republic.
A Phylogenomic Approach to Clarifying the Relationship of Mesodinium within the Ciliophora: A Case Study in the Complexity of Mixed-Species Transcriptome Analyses
Authors: Lasek-Nesselquist Erica , Johnson Matthew D 
Published: October 2019

AbstractRecent high-throughput sequencing endeavors have yielded multigene/protein phylogenies that confidently resolve several inter- and intra-class relationships within the phylum Ciliophora. We leverage the massive sequencing efforts from the Marine Microbial Eukaryote Transcriptome Sequencing Project, other SRA submissions, and available genome data with our own sequencing efforts to determine the phylogenetic position of Mesodinium and to generate the most taxonomically rich phylogenomic ciliate tree to date. Regardless of the data mining strategy, the multiprotein data set, or the molecular models of evolution employed, we consistently recovered the same well-supported relationships among ciliate classes, confirming many of the higher-level relationships previously identified. Mesodinium always formed a monophyletic group with members of the Litostomatea, with mixotrophic species of Mesodinium—M. rubrum, M. major, and M. chamaeleon—being more closely related to each other than to the heterotrophic member, M. pulex. The well-supported position of Mesodinium as sister to other litostomes contrasts with previous molecular analyses including those from phylogenomic studies that exploited the same transcriptomic databases. These topological discrepancies illustrate the need for caution when mining mixed-species transcriptomes and indicate that identifying ciliate sequences among prey contamination—particularly for Mesodinium species where expression from stolen prey nuclei appears to dominate—requires thorough and iterative vetting with phylogenies that incorporate sequences from a large outgroup of prey.
Love, Lies, and Money: Financial Infidelity in Romantic Relationships
Authors: Garbinsky Emily N , Gladstone Joe J , Nikolova Hristina , Olson Jenny G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Romantic relationships are built on trust, but partners are not always honest about their financial behavior—they may hide spending, debt, and savings from one another. This article introduces the construct of financial infidelity, defined as “engaging in any financial behavior expected to be disapproved of by one’s romantic partner and intentionally failing to disclose this behavior to them.” We develop and validate the Financial Infidelity Scale (FI-Scale) to measure individual variation in consumers' financial infidelity proneness. In 10 lab studies, one field study, and analyses of real bank account data collected in partnership with a couples’ money-management mobile application, we demonstrate that the FI-Scale has strong psychometric properties, is distinct from conceptually related scales, and predicts actual financial infidelity among married consumers. Importantly, the FI-Scale predicts a broad range of consumption-related behaviors (e.g., spending despite anticipated spousal disapproval, preferences for discreet payment methods and unmarked packaging, concealing bank account information). Our work is the first to introduce, define, and measure financial infidelity reliably and succinctly and examine its antecedents and consequences.