bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CO2 solubility in aqueous binary mixtures of monoethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, and diaminobutane
Authors: Gholidoost Milad , Farsi Mohammad , Setoodeh Payam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe main objective of this research is to improve the CO2 solubility and absorption rate of conventional alkanolamines including monoethanolamine (MEA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) by 1,4–diaminobutane (DAB) as a promoter. Typically, the presence of two primary functional groups, lack of strict hindrance, and low molecular weight make DAB an efficient solvent to absorb CO2. In the first step, the absorption kinetic of DAB is investigated theoretically and a rate equation is proposed based on the zwitterion mechanism. In the second step, the equilibrium capacity of MEA and MDEA is promoted by DAB experiment in an isothermal stirred batch reactor in the pressure range 20–100 kPa, temperature range 303–313 K, and promoter volume fraction 0–10%. Then, the effective loading and regenerability of prepared samples are investigated by continuous cyclic absorption and regeneration in the designed reactor. The experimental results show that increasing DAB concentration in the MEA and MDEA as base solutions increases the CO2 absorption rate and equilibrium capacity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Toward Building a Failsafe Hospital: The Impending Drug Resistant Pandemic
Authors: Sparber Josh 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTOf late and during the last century, hospitals around the world and within the US have withstood war, floods, bad weather, bad actors, and other adverse circumstances. An adverse circumstance with great potential for harm is the growing scourge of pandemics, specifically, those caused by drug‐resistant microbial organisms. Systems engineers can use lean agile methods, incorporating the concept of antifragility to design systems responsive to reducing pandemic threats. They can also integrate modeling concepts into this schema. System dynamics can describe the extant highly nonlinear and complex resource paradigms within SysML parametric blocks.
Emergency Systems and Power Outage Restoration Due to Infrastructure Damage from Major Floods and Disasters
Authors: Duffey Romney B. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTI examine extreme events where one major consequence is damage to infrastructure causing failures and loss of electrical power to vital systems, and restoration may take several days to weeks. We need to know how long it will take to restore power and design robust emergency backup that is especially important for major population centers, critical facilities, and essential industrial equipment. This coupled systems engineering problem involves the restoration of the initial outages depending on the damage caused and the reliability of emergency power and backup systems. I first review my prior work using extensive data for the prediction of power restoration probability and timing using publicly available data for severe and unexpected events. The events cover a wide spectrum of hurricanes, wildfires, ice storms, floods, cyclones, and tsunamis for multiple power distribution systems and countries, where attempts to avoid prolonged failure and ensure restoration deploy emergency crews, procedures, and extensive recovery equipment. Significant infrastructure damage, access difficulty, and societal disruption delays restoration. The resulting universal correlations show that emergency restoration probability and timing are independent of event type, depending on the degree of difficulty as restoration occurs as fast as humanly possible.Systems design and recovery processes should all learn from these previous disasters. Because of the potential for significant delays and extended power outages, critical facilities and commercial enterprises deploy emergency or backup power systems. I provide a detailed analysis of the probability of emergency system restoration and determine the needed response time and reliability requirements. The analysis then derives integral emergency system failure rates by comparing the (a) emergency power restoration data for the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station events that resulted from unprecedented flooding due to an unexpected tsunami from a major earthquake, and with (b) the analogous extended loss of pumping power due to the massive flooding of New Orleans, US‐LA by Hurricane Katrina. This new analysis quantifies the chance of restoration using systems engineering and emergency measures and replaces the frequently used qualitative system resilience terminology for coping with severe events.
A deep‐learning‐based approach for noise reduction in high‐speed optical coherence Doppler tomography
Authors: Li Ang , Du Congwu , Volkow Nora D. , Pan Yingtian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOptical coherence Doppler tomography (ODT) increasingly attracts attention because of its unprecedented advantages with respect to high contrast, capillary‐level resolution and flow speed quantification. However, the trade‐off between the signal‐to‐noise ratio of ODT images and A‐scan sampling density significantly slows down the imaging speed, constraining its clinical applications. To accelerate ODT imaging, a deep‐learning‐based approach is proposed to suppress the overwhelming phase noise from low‐sampling density. To handle the issue of limited paired training datasets, a generative adversarial network is performed to implicitly learn the distribution underlying Doppler phase noise and to generate the synthetic data. Then a 3D based convolutional neural network is trained and applied for the image denoising. We demonstrate this approach outperforms traditional denoise methods in noise reduction and image details preservation, enabling high speed ODT imaging with low A‐scan sampling density.
Optimization of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy using near‐infrared spectroscopy to assess changes in peripheral circulation: A pilot study
Authors: Chang Hsiao‐Huang , Chen Yi‐Chih , Huang Chun‐Jung , Kuo Chia‐Cheng , Wang Yi‐Min , Sun Chia‐Wei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNear‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been proposed as a noninvasive modality for detecting complications in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and it can simultaneously reveal the global circulatory status of these patients. We optimized ECMO therapy on the basis of real‐time peripheral NIRS probing. Three patients underwent venoarterial (VA) ECMO and one patient underwent venovenous (VV) ECMO. All patients received peripheral ECMO cannulation with routine distal perfusion catheter placement. We designed an experimental protocol to adjust ECMO blood flow over 1 hour. Hemodynamic responses were measured using NIRS devices attached to the calf at approximately 60% of the distance from the ankle to the knee. HbO2 levels change substantially with adjustments in ECMO flow, and they are more sensitive than HHb levels and the tissue saturation index (TSI) are. NIRS for optimizing ECMO therapy may be reliable for monitoring global circulatory status.
CASR rs1801725 polymorphism is associated with the risk and prognosis of colorectal cancer: A case‐control study
Authors: Diao Yu‐E , Xu Qing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe extracellular calcium‐sensing receptor (CASR) controls body calcium homeostasis. Increased levels of calcium are associated with protecting against colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to determine the relationship between CASR gene rs1801725 polymorphism and CRC risk and prognosis.MethodsWe conducted a hospital‐based case‐control study and a meta‐analysis to evaluate the association of CASR gene rs1801725 polymorphism with CRC susceptibility.ResultsThis study proved that CASR rs1801725 polymorphism was associated with a higher risk to develop CRC (TT vs GG: OR 1.92, 95% CI [1.03‐3.59], P = .042; T vs G: OR 1.30, 95% CI [1.03‐1.64], P = .030). Subgroup analysis showed that this polymorphism increased the risk of CRC among smokers, and those aged ≥60 years (TT vs GG: OR 3.37, 95% CI [1.12‐10.14], P = .034). We also found that this polymorphism was associated with the tumor size, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis of CRC (GT vs GG: OR 2.03, 95% CI [1.32‐3.10], P = .001). In addition, CASR gene rs1801725 polymorphism correlated with the survival of CRC patients. Further meta‐analysis also obtained a significant association between this SNP and CRC risk (TT + GT vs GG: OR 1.28, 95% CI [1.01, 1.63], P = .041). Subgroup analyses by ethnicity observed a link between rs1801725 polymorphism and CRC risk in Asians, but not in Caucasians and mixed populations.ConclusionIn conclusion, this case‐control study and meta‐analysis showed that CASR rs1801725 polymorphism increased the risk of CRC. Further studies from other races are urgently needed.
Sarcopenia and peripheral arterial disease: a systematic review
Authors: Pizzimenti Mégane , Meyer Alain , Charles Anne‐Laure , Giannini Margherita , Chakfé Nabil , Lejay Anne , Geny Bernard 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and sarcopenia are a population at risk requiring specific and targeted care. The aim of this review is to gather all relevant studies associating sarcopenia and PAD and to identify the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms as well as potential therapeutic strategies to improve skeletal muscle function.MethodsA systematic review was carried out following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA).ResultsData extraction allowed the evaluation of 140 publications; 87 met the inclusion criteria; of which 79 were included in the final review, reporting sufficient data for epidemiological and diagnostic criteria, mechanical analysis, and therapeutic approaches. Epidemiological analysis and diagnostic criteria were based on 18 studies following 2362 PAD patients [31.39% (SD 7.61) women], aged 72.42 (SD 2.84); sarcopenia was present in 34.63% (SD 12.86) of the patients. Mechanical and pathway analysis were based on five animal studies and 29 clinical reports, showing significantly altered muscle strength and function in 1352 PAD patients [26.49% (SD 17.32) women], aged 67.67 (SD 5.14) years; impaired muscle histology in 192 PAD patients (9.2% (SD 11.22) women), aged 64.3 (SD 0.99) years; +58.63% (SD 25.48) of oxidative stress in 69 PAD patients [16.96% (SD 8.10) women], aged 63.17 (SD 1.43) years; mitochondriopathy in 153 PAD patients [29.39% (SD 28.27) women], aged 63.50 (SD 1.83) years; +15.58% (SD 7.41) of inflammation in 900 PAD patients [40.77% (SD 3.71) women], aged 74.88 (SD 2.76) years; and altered signalling pathways in 51 PAD patients [34.45% (SD 32.23) women], aged 72.25 (SD 5.25) years. Therapeutic approaches analysis was based on seven animal studies and 21 clinical reports. In total, 884 patients followed an exercise therapy, and 18 received an angiogenesis treatment; 30.84% (SD 17.74) were women. Mean ages of patients studied were 66.85 (SD 3.96).ConclusionsSarcopenia and lower extremity PAD have musculoskeletal consequences that directly impair patients' quality of life and prognosis. Although PAD is primarily a vascular disease, all etiological factors of sarcopenia identified so far are present in PAD. Indeed, both sarcopenia and PAD are accompanied by oxidative stress, skeletal muscle mitochondrial impairments, inflammation, inhibition of specific pathways regulating muscle synthesis or protection (i.e. IGF‐1, RISK, and SAFE), and activation of molecules associated with muscle degradation. To date, besides revascularization, the best therapeutic strategy includes exercise, but approaches targeting the underlying mechanisms still deserve further studies.
Increase in egg resistance to desiccation in springtails correlates with blastodermal cuticle formation: Eco‐evolutionary implications for insect terrestrialization
Authors: Vargas Helena C. M. , Panfilio Kristen A. , Roelofs Dick , Rezende Gustavo L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLand colonization was a major event in the history of life. Among animals, insects exerted a staggering terrestrialization success, due to traits usually associated with postembryonic life stages, while the egg stage has been largely overlooked in comparative studies. In many insects, after blastoderm differentiation, the extraembryonic serosal tissue wraps the embryo and synthesizes the serosal cuticle, an extracellular matrix that lies beneath the eggshell and protects the egg against water loss. In contrast, in noninsect hexapods such as springtails (Collembola) the early blastodermal cells synthesize a blastodermal cuticle. Here, we investigate the relationship between blastodermal cuticle formation and egg resistance to desiccation in the springtailsOrchesella cinctaandFolsomia candida, two species with different oviposition environments and developmental rates. The blastodermal cuticle becomes externally visible inO. cinctaandF. candidaat 22% and 29% of embryogenesis, respectively. To contextualize, we describe the stages of springtail embryogenesis, exemplified byF. candida. Our physiological assays then showed that blastodermal cuticle formation coincides with an increase in egg viability in a dry environment, significantly contributing to hatching success. However, protection differs between species: whileO. cinctaeggs survive at least 2 hr outside a humid environment, the survival period recorded forF. candidaeggs is only 15 min, which correlates with this species’ requirement for humid microhabitats. We suggest that the formation of this cuticle protects the eggs, constituting an ancestral trait among hexapods that predated and facilitated the process of terrestrialization that occurred during insect evolution.
The journey to leave: Understanding the roles of perceived ease of movement, proactive personality, and person–organization fit in overqualified employees' job searching process
Authors: Wu I‐Heng (Ray) , Chi Nai‐Wen 
Published: July 2020

SummaryDespite intensive research on perceived overqualification, empirical evidence on overqualified employees' job search behavior remains relatively insufficient. Notably, no studies have explored the possible link between perceived overqualification and internal job searching behaviors. In the present study, we consider whether—and more importantly when—employees with high perception of overqualification search for internal and external job opportunities. Applying the ability–motivation–opportunity (AMO) framework, we propose and test a model that specifies how motivation and opportunity to move or stay activate differential effects in overqualifiers' job searching process. Results from two studies surveying employees in Taiwan (Study 1: N = 268; Study 2: N = 210) show that overqualifiers displayed greater intentions to leave the current job and, in turn, engaged in more external job search behaviors; this relation was strongest for those whose perceived ease of movement and proactive personality increased or person–organization (PO) fit decreased. Furthermore, overqualifiers displayed greater intentions to leave the current job and also increased their internal job search behaviors; this relation was strongest for those whose perceived ease of movement and PO fit increased. A series of supplemental analyses also lends support to our theorizing.
Is policing becoming a tainted profession? Media, public perceptions, and implications
Authors: Chatterjee Deepshikha , Ryan Ann Marie 
Published: July 2020

SummaryStigmatized professions are those where physical, social, and/or moral taints are applied. Stigma theorists hold that stigma is socially communicated and changes over time, but it is unclear if stigma content can be applied to those who are seen as powerful. Two studies examined how the impact of sociopolitical discourses on policing, a profession that carries legitimate power, on the tainting of the profession and distrust in policing. In an examination of archival news media clips on policing (N = 200), results show that media coverage over time (between 2011 and 2016) has used a more negative tone in discussing police–citizen interactions, and these findings varied by conservative versus liberal media. Importantly, across media sources, taints were ascribed to policing. In a second survey study, individuals directly ascribed taints to policing (N = 169). Relative to other jobs, policing was categorized as a pervasively stigmatized job (i.e., high frequency and strong potency of taints were applied). It was also found that those who discussed media stories tended to distrust police more. Implications for efforts to recruit, select, and train officers and to improve police–community relations are discussed; findings may also generalize to other public and community facing professions.
Frontlog scheduling in aircraft line maintenance: From explorative solution design to theoretical insight into buffer management
Authors: Öhman Mikael , Hiltunen Markus , Virtanen Kai , Holmström Jan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBased on a multi‐year research engagement with practice, we present a novel solution design for frontlog scheduling in aircraft line maintenance and offer theoretical insights into buffer management in operations. The field problem of the case airline was to improve departure reliability for long‐haul aircraft without increasing maintenance resources, and without using backup aircraft. Frontlog scheduling is the purposeful introduction of over‐maintenance as a buffer of maintenance tasks that can be opportunistically postponed. A detailed simulation of the solution introduced in the airline's operations indicates a performance frontier shift, concurrently improving departure reliability, and reducing maintenance cost. We position the novel practice in operations and maintenance management literature, arguing that the frontlog creates a new type of time buffer, available in contexts where capacity serves predictable as well as unpredictable demand. Further theoretical elaboration leads us to reconceptualize buffer management along time and capacity dimensions, reducing inventory to a special case of time buffering.
Using inulin‐based emulsion gels as fat substitute in salt reduced Bologna sausage
Authors: de Souza Paglarini Camila , Vidal Vitor AS , Ribeiro Wanessa , Badan Ribeiro Ana P , Bernardinelli Oigres D , Herrero Ana M , Ruiz‐Capillas Claudia , Sabadini Edvaldo , Rodrigues Pollonio Marise A 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDA high‐fiber emulsion gel (EG) containing inulin, soy protein isolate, and soybean oil was applied as animal fat replacer in reduced salt and fat Bologna sausage containing mechanically deboned chicken meat, pork meat, and pork back fat. Technological and microbiological properties were evaluated for 60 days at 4 °C.RESULTSA reduction of 11 to 34% and 35 to 45% of fat and sodium were obtained in reformulated products, respectively. An increase in fiber content and polyunsaturated fatty acid was noticed in the formulations with EG. The addition of EG in Bologna increased L* (lightness) values and reduced a* (redness/greenness) values comparing to control treatment. Microstructural properties of sausages exhibited a denser network with the presence of EG. Softer, more elastic, cohesive and resilient samples with a higher intensity of lipid oxidation (P < 0.05) were observed in EG added sausages. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data shows that the presence of EG recovers the matrix that has been weakened due to reduction of fat and salt. Sensory evaluation showed that the incorporation of the EGs resulted in acceptable scores.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that inulin‐based EG is a potential fat substitute for developing healthier meat products, with better fatty acids composition and stable to chilled storage. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Pattern recognition receptor‐mediated inflammation in diabetic vascular complications
Authors: Wang Xu , Antony Victor , Wang Yi , Wu Gaojun , Liang Guang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe innate immune system contains multiple classes of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which recognize pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in the intracellular and extracellular space. Although PRRs are indispensable for the detection and clearance of invading pathogens, dysregulated PRR activation by extrinsic and intrinsic factors leads to inflammatory diseases. PRR‐mediated inflammation has been shown to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications (DVCs), which are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Upon sensing hyperglycemia‐generated DAMPs, PRRs activate intracellular signaling pathways leading to the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in various cells of the kidney, brain, eye, and heart. The resulting chronic, low‐grade inflammation contributes to DVCs. In this review, we summarize the role of PRRs in DVCs including diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and cardiomyopathy. We propose that targeting PRRs and associated signaling pathways may be beneficial for the management of DVCs.
Head and neck multi‐organ auto‐segmentation on CT images aided by synthetic MRI
Authors: Liu Yingzi , Lei Yang , Fu Yabo , Wang Tonghe , Zhou Jun , Jiang Xiaojun , McDonald Mark , Beitler Jonathan J. , Curran Walter J. , Liu Tian , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2020

PurposeBecause the manual contouring process is labor‐intensive and time‐consuming, segmentation of organs‐at‐risk (OARs) is a weak link in radiotherapy treatment planning process. Our goal was to develop a synthetic MR (sMR)‐aided dual pyramid network (DPN) for rapid and accurate head and neck multi‐organ segmentation in order to expedite the treatment planning process.MethodsForty‐five patients’ CT, MR, and manual contours pairs were included as our training dataset. Nineteen OARs were target organs to be segmented. The proposed sMR‐aided DPN method featured a deep attention strategy to effectively segment multiple organs. The performance of sMR‐aided DPN method was evaluated using five metrics, including Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff distance 95% (HD95), mean surface distance (MSD), residual mean square distance (RMSD), and volume difference. Our method was further validated using the 2015 head and neck challenge data.ResultsThe contours generated by the proposed method closely resemble the ground truth manual contours, as evidenced by encouraging quantitative results in terms of DSC using the 2015 head and neck challenge data. Mean DSC values of 0.91 ± 0.02, 0.73 ± 0.11, 0.96 ± 0.01, 0.78 ± 0.09/0.78 ± 0.11, 0.88 ± 0.04/0.88 ± 0.06 and 0.86 ± 0.08/0.85 ± 0.1 were achieved for brain stem, chiasm, mandible, left/right optic nerve, left/right parotid, and left/right submandibular, respectively.ConclusionsWe demonstrated the feasibility of sMR‐aided DPN for head and neck multi‐organ delineation on CT images. Our method has shown superiority over the other methods on the 2015 head and neck challenge data results. The proposed method could significantly expedite the treatment planning process by rapidly segmenting multiple OARs.