bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cleanliness efficacy and effect on dentin microhardness of a novel plant extract irrigant
Authors: Khallaf Maram E. , Kataia Engy M. , Aly Yousra , Omar Nada , Mohamed M. Abdullah 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective
This study was done to evaluate the effect of the prepared Moringa oleifera-based root canal irrigant compared to conventionally used irrigants on the microhardness of root dentin and smear layer removal.

Materials and methods
One hundred freshly extracted teeth with single root were divided into 5 groups according to the irrigant used: group 1, saline; group 2, Moringa oleifera; group 3, Moringa oleifera + chlorhexidine; group 4, chlorhexidine; and group 5, sodium hypochlorite. Root canal preparation was done using Protaper universal system till size F5 using one of the irrigants after each file. Fifty teeth were prepared to measure dentin microhardness, while the remaining fifty were prepared for evaluation of the remaining debris and smear layer using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) in each third of the canal.

Results
Chlorhexidine alone and combined with Moringa oleifera showed higher microhardness values in apical and coronal parts. In the middle parts, chlorhexidine followed by Moringa oleifera showed the highest results. SEM examination showed that none of the used irrigants has the ability to completely remove smear layer. However, Moringa oleifera group showed the least amount of smear layer on canal wall.

Conclusions
Moringa oleifera is a promising final irrigant solution alone or combined with chlorhexidine throughout the instrumentation. Moringa oleifera was proved to have a high effect as a chelating agent.
Long focusing range and self-healing Bessel vortex beam generator
Authors: Hu Zhi-Yong , Tian Zhen-Nan , Fan Hua , Hua Jian-Guan , Qian Meng-Dan , Chen Qi-Dai , Sun Hong-Bo 
Published: April 2020

Here a continuous axial-spiral phase microplate (CAsPP), based on combining a logarithmic axicon and a spiral phase plate, was proposed for generating high-quality higher-order Bessel vortex beams. The novel optical component implemented via femtosecond laser direct writing possesses compact geometry and unique optical properties. The CAsPP with a diameter of 80 µm possesses a controllable long focus ranging from 50 to 600 µm and exhibits a good self-healing ability after free transmission of about 45 µm. Unique optical properties were demonstrated in both experiments and simulations, which were well matched to each other. This Letter provides new opportunities for applications in integrated optics, optical trapping, laser machining, and information reconstruction.
Funkcja profilaktyczna edukacyjnych gier komputerowych
Authors: Polcyn Sylwia 
Published: April 2020

Polcyn Sylwia, Funkcja profilaktyczna edukacyjnych gier komputerowych [The prophylactic function of educational video games]. Kultura – Społeczeństwo – Edukacja nr 2(14) 2018, Poznań 2018, pp. 127–135, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2018.14.11.
The article presents a modern look at computer games as tools and / or teaching aids used for broadly understood educational and didactic purposes at various levels of education. The author focuses mainly on the use of computer games for prophylactic purposes, and especially in counteracting various negative phenomena occurring in cyberspace.
O potrzebie wspierania rozwoju kompetencji międzykulturowych i medialnych w kształceniu nauczycieli – w poszukiwaniu rozwiązań
Authors: Smoter Katarzyna 
Published: April 2020

Smoter Katarzyna, O potrzebie wspierania rozwoju kompetencji międzykulturowych i medialnych w kształceniu nauczycieli – w poszukiwaniu rozwiązań [On the need to support the development of intercultural and media competences in the education of teachers – in search of solutions]. Kultura – Społeczeństwo – Edukacja nr 2(14) 2018, Poznań 2018, pp. 99–109, Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-0422. DOI 10.14746/kse.2018.14.8.
Today, a characteristic feature of life is contact (direct or via media) with “otherness” and the “Other” – ethnically, religiously, nationally. The issue of the links between multiculturalism and the media is essential for education, but it does not seem to be sufficiently taken into account in the formal education of teachers. Therefore, the article addressed the issue of shaping media competences and intercultural competences of teachers, indicating the need to include both these issues in an integral manner. It has become important to consider the dimensions of these competences – cognitive, pragmatic and emotional – as well as to show the issues that should be present in the education of teaching staff. This type of approach seems to meet the requirements relating to the dynamically forming “knowledge-based society and “multicultural society”.
Tubule-Specific Mst1/2 Deficiency Induces CKD via YAP and Non-YAP Mechanisms
Authors: Xu Chunhua , Wang Li , Zhang Yu , Li Wenling , Li Jinhong , Wang Yang , Meng Chenling , Qin Jinzhong , Zheng Zhi-Hua , Lan Hui-Yao , Mak Kingston King-Lun , Huang Yu , Xia Yin 
Published: April 2020

Significance Statement
The serine/threonine kinases MST1 and MST2 are core components of the Hippo pathway, and Yes-associated protein (YAP) is one of the pathway’s main effectors. However, the biologic functions of the Hippo/YAP pathway in adult kidneys are not well understood, and the role of MST1 and MST2 in the kidney has not been studied. In studies using knockout mice (with tubule-specific deletion of both Mst1 and Mst2) and mouse inner medullary collecting duct cells, the authors demonstrate that tubular deletion of Mst1 and Mst2 activates YAP, which induces inflammation, tubular lesions, fibrosis, and functional impairment; they also show that pathogenesis involves reciprocal stimulation of TNF-α and YAP signaling activities. Their findings indicate that tubular YAP activation induces renal fibrosis and CKD, thus revealing a novel and critical mechanism underlying this condition.

Background
The serine/threonine kinases MST1 and MST2 are core components of the Hippo pathway, which has been found to be critically involved in embryonic kidney development. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are the pathway’s main effectors. However, the biologic functions of the Hippo/YAP pathway in adult kidneys are not well understood, and the functional role of MST1 and MST2 in the kidney has not been studied.

Methods
We used immunohistochemistry to examine expression in mouse kidneys of MST1 and MST2, homologs of Hippo in Drosophila. We generated mice with tubule-specific double knockout of Mst1 and Mst2 or triple knockout of Mst1, Mst2, and Yap. PCR array and mouse inner medullary collecting duct cells were used to identify the primary target of Mst1/Mst2 deficiency.

Results
MST1 and MST2 were predominantly expressed in the tubular epithelial cells of adult kidneys. Deletion of Mst1/Mst2 in renal tubules increased activity of YAP but not TAZ. The kidneys of mutant mice showed progressive inflammation, tubular and glomerular damage, fibrosis, and functional impairment; these phenotypes were largely rescued by deletion of Yap in renal tubules. TNF-α expression was induced via both YAP-dependent and YAP-independent mechanisms, and TNF-α and YAP amplified the signaling activities of each other in the tubules of kidneys with double knockout of Mst1/Mst2.

Conclusions
Our findings show that tubular Mst1/Mst2 deficiency leads to CKD through both the YAP and non-YAP pathways and that tubular YAP activation induces renal fibrosis. The pathogenesis seems to involve the reciprocal stimulation of TNF-α and YAP signaling activities.
El comunismo, un camino distante de lo establecido por Dios
Authors: Rodr Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo de investigación, es origen del análisis realizado a las principales posturas que difieren entre el sistema comunista y el capitalista como elementos decisorios en una integración regional. En este artículo, se realiza un riguroso y amplio análisis de uno de dos temas esencialmente controvertido, la religión y el comunismo. El objetivo no consiste en reprochar la tendencia atea de los marxistas y/o comunistas, sino en demostrar que las principales posturas del comunismo van en contra de lo establecido por Dios, Jehová; motivo por el cual, se puede inferir que este tipo de sistema aunque se implemente en un país nunca cumplirá sus objetivos. El análisis se basa en el artículo realizado por Woods (s.f.) titulado El marxismo y la religión; en él señala que los primeros cristianos eran comunistas, lo cual demuestra que existe una mala interpretación de la doctrina y de ciertos eventos bíblicos. Para ello se sustenta esta postura basado en la Biblia Reina-Valera 1960.

AbstractThe present article of investigation, it is an origin of the analysis realized to the principal positions that differ between the communist system and the capitalist as decision-making elements in a regional integration. In this article, a rigorous and wide analysis is realized of one of two topics essentially controversial, the religion and the communism. The aim does not consist of reproaching the atheistic trend of the marxists and/or communists, if not in demonstrating that the principal positions of the communism go in opposition to the established for God, Jehová; I motivate for which, it is possible to infer that this one type of system though it is implemented in a country will never fulfill his aims. The analysis is based on the article realized by Woods (s.f.) graduate Marxism and religion, in him indicates that the first Christians were communist, which demonstrates that there exists a bad interpretation of the doctrine and of certain Biblical events; for it this position is sustained based on the Bible Reina-Valera 1960.
El integracionismo o el sur buscando al sur
Authors: Navarro Barbosa Luis Eduardo 
Published: April 2020

En este artículo se exponen varias interpretaciones sobre el integracionismo y se ha llegado a afirmar que este puede ser principalmente definido como un fenómeno económico, que ha permeado fronteras, en cuanto ha permitido la interacción entre diversos países subdesarrollados o desarrollados, con el fin de propiciar espacios de intercambio económico y entablar conexiones permanentes en las cuales haya integración, pero al mismo tiempo se establezcan ciertos límites y parámetros reguladores de estas negociaciones, en las que la competitividad sea equilibrada y no se genere la superposición de un país sobre otro, la exclusión, segregación o la afectación de sus condiciones financieras.

AbstractIn this article, the objective is exposed different interpretations over the integracionismo and it’s has said economy phenomenon than going more beyond the limits. Also, it´s has allowed the relationship between several development and undevelopment countries, with the purpose to obtain economy exchange space and establish integration, but establishing limits and rules for these negotiations, the competitive can to be equity without exclusion, discrimination, segregation or economy damage.
Tendencias del derecho laboral y globalización. ¿Para qué sirve conocer el derecho laboral y sus tendencias?*
Authors: Deyongh Manzano Rafael 
Published: April 2020

Este artículo de reflexión derivado de la línea de investigación Tendencias del Derecho Laboral, sitúa puntualmente lo significativo de la tendencia del Derecho Laboral, donde resalta la modernidad como el género, y la globalización es una de las tantas especies de la misma modernidad. De todos modos, la pregunta ¿Para qué sirve conocer el Derecho Laboral y sus tendencias? concita un nuevo debate frente a los retos de la modernidad y de la globalización en el terreno laboral, donde estas tendencias arrinconan al Derecho Laboral y lo llevan a la más ínfima condición, y en lo que se refiere al trabajo en la medida en que está cercado por tantos diques e intereses, por ello es una tentación, responder, un pensamiento experimental expresaría el propio apuro ante el futuro y será mejor por ende dejar por el momento esas cuestiones latentes que son muy delicadas para solventarlas. Lo que importa es hallar al Derecho Laboral en su fuente para poder penetrar hasta la profundidad de la verdad que busca, dejando atrás la especulación y el culto al dinero o al poder.

AbstractThis reflective paper derived the research Trends of Labor Law, promptly placed the significance of the trend of Labor Law, which highlights how gender modernity, and globalization is one of the many species of the same currency. Anyway, the question of what use to know the Labor Law and trends? arouses a new discussion addressing the challenges of modernity and globalization in the laborfield, where these trends right corner the work and carry it to the least condition, and in regard to the work to the extent that is surrounded by many dikes and interests, so it is a temptation, respond, experimental thinking trouble to express himself better future and thus leave for now these latent issues that are very sensitive to overcome them. What matters is to find the Labor Law at the source in order to penetrate to the depth of truth seeking, past the speculation and the worship of money or power.
Praying the Psalms: How Biblical Prayers Can Enrich Our Personal and Liturgical Prayer Lives
Authors: Sanctrac Dragoslava 
Published: April 2020

In recent psalm study, new approaches seek to explore how the Psalms enter contemporary life, pastoral care, and worship. This study focuses on the rich use of the Psalms in prayer. From the earliest ages, the Psalms shaped the prayer life of God’s people, including Jesus (Neh 12:8; Matt 27:46; Eph 5:19). Yet in much of Christian practice today, these prayers have become largely neglected. The purpose of this study is to look at the role the praying of the Psalms played in helping God’s people traverse their life journey and grow in their relationship with God, and to explore how our praying the Psalms today can transform our communal and personal prayers, and shape us in the faith of the psalmists.
Formulasi Dan Karakterisasi Nanopartikel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum) Pada Berbagai Variasi Komposisi Kitosan Dengan Metode Gelasi Ionik
Authors: Fitri Dwiki , Kiromah Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul , Widiastuti Tri Cahyani 
Published: April 2020

<p>Daun salam mengandung flavonoid sebagai antihipertensi, flavonoid yang diberikan secara peroral memiliki bioavailabilitas yang kurang baik karena kelarutan yang rendah dan tidak stabil terhadap faktor lingkungan. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan memformulasikan dalam sediaan nanopartikel menggunakan polimer kitosan dan natrium tri-polifosfat (NaTPP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi nanopartikel dari ekstrak etanol daun salam dengan variasi rasio konsentrasi kitosan. Ekstrak etanol daun salam diperoleh dengan cara ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Hasil ekstrak dibuat koloid nanopartikel menggunakan teknik gelasi ionic menggunakan variasi ekstrak etanol daun salam: kitosan: NaTPP (1:1:1); (1:5:1); dan (1:10:1). Koloid nanopartikel yang terbentuk dikarakterisasi ukuran partikel, dan nilai zeta potensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun salam positif mengandung flavonoid. Hasil karakterisasi nanopartikel ekstrak etanol daun salam menunjukkan bahwa formula F1, F2, dan F3 mempunyai ukuran partikel 284,2 <strong>± </strong>6,8; 410,6 ± 6,8; dan 630,1 ± 3,4 nm dan nilai zeta potensial F1, F2 dan F3 adalah 50,1 <strong>± </strong>4,3; 45,8 ± 0,7; dan 59,2 ± 1,2 mV. Semua formula menunjukan rentan karakterisasi sediaan nanopartikel (&lt;1000nm) Peningkatan rasio kitosan dalam formulasi nanopartikel ekstrak etanol daun salam meningkatkan ukuran partikel dan nilai zeta potensial. F1 merupakan formula dengan ukuran partikel paling kecil dengan karakterisasi ukuran partikel &lt;300nm dan stabilitas sistem dispersi yang optimal yaitu &gt;30 mV. </p>
Open Hip Abductor Tendon Repair into a Bone Trough
Authors: Incavo Stephen J. , Harper Katharine D. 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Hip abductor tendon tears are a well-recognized entity that results in progressive lateral hip pain, weakness, and limping. These can occur in patients with native hips or in patients following total hip arthroplasty. However, treatment of these 2 distinct groups does not differ. We describe a new repair technique utilizing a longitudinal bone trough in the greater trochanter. We compare our results (focusing on gluteus medius tendon avulsions) and traditional repair with suture anchors or transosseous bone tunnels. Additionally, we propose a classification system that attempts to describe the different types of tears to guide treatment, as the current classification system is not helpful in defining pathology or guiding treatment. Our proposed classification will help to better describe tear types anatomically and thereby guide appropriate surgical interventions based on these types.

Description:
Abductor tears were classified, according to our system, as Type I when there was no gluteus medius avulsion from bone (with subtype A indicating a partial tear of the gluteus minimus or gluteus medius; B, a complete tear of the gluteus minimus; and C, a longitudinal tear of the gluteus medius) or Type II when there was a gluteus medius avulsion (with subtype A indicating an avulsion of <50% of the insertion into the greater trochanter, and B, an avulsion of ≥50% of the insertion). Repair into a bone trough involves (1) freeing up and mobilizing the tendon from overlying fascia, (2) placing 2 evenly spaced Krackow stitches in the tendon, (3) creating a bone trough using a burr in the midline of the greater trochanter, (4) creating bone tunnels out the lateral wall of the trough to pass sutures, and (5) passing sutures through the bone tunnels to allow inset of the tendon into the trough, and later tying the sutures over the lateral osseous bridge.

Alternatives:
Alternative treatment options include nonoperative and operative management. Nonoperative treatment choices include physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and activity modification with assistive walking devices. Surgical alternatives include endoscopic or open direct soft-tissue repair, suture anchor repair, bone tunnel repair, graft jacket reconstruction, or gluteus maximus muscle transfer.

Rationale:
Because of discouraging outcomes experienced by us and others, a new technique (a greater trochanter longitudinal bone trough) was developed to improve surgical results. This technique, utilizing an abductor tendon repair into a bone trough, improved our surgical outcomes for abductor tendon avulsions. We found that outcomes after surgical treatment of abductor tendon tears without avulsion are superior to those after repairs of abductor tendon avulsions, which is an important distinction compared with previous literature on abductor tendon repairs.
Despite Early Medicaid Expansion, Decreased Durable Virologic Suppression Among Publicly Insured People with HIV in Washington, DC
Authors: Goldstein Deborah , Hardy David , Monroe Anne , Hou Qingjiang , Hart Rachel , Terzian Arpi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background:
Despite widely available access to HIV care in Washington, DC, inequities in HIV outcomes persist. We hypothesized that laboratory monitoring and virologic outcomes would not differ significantly based on insurance type.
Methods:
We compared HIV monitoring with outcomes among people with HIV (PWH) with private (commercial payer) versus public (Medicare, Medicaid) insurance receiving care at community and hospital clinics. The DC Cohort follows over 8,000 PWH from 14 clinics. We included those ≥18 years old enrolled between 2011-2015 with stable insurance. Outcomes included frequency of CD4 count and HIV RNA monitoring ( > 2 lab measures/year, > 30 days apart) and durable viral suppression (VS; HIV RNA <50 copies/mL at last visit and receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) for ≥12 months). Multivariable logistic regression models examined impact of demographic and clinical factors.
Results:
Among 3,908 PWH, 67.9% were publicly-insured and 58.9% attended community clinics. Compared with privately insured participants, a higher proportion of publicly insured participants had the following characteristics: female sex, Black race, heterosexual, unemployed, and attending community clinics. Despite less lab monitoring, privately-insured PWH had greater durable VS than publicly-insured PWH (ART-naïve: private 70.0% vs public 53.1%, p=0.03; ART-experienced: private 80.2% vs public 69.4%, p<0.0001). Privately-insured PWH had greater durable VS than publicly-insured PWH at hospital clinics (AOR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.20, 2.12; p=0.001).
Conclusions: Paradoxical differences between HIV monitoring and durable VS exist among publicly and privately-insured PWH in Washington, DC. Programs serving PWH must improve efforts to address barriers creating inequity in HIV outcomes.
Better pulmonary function is associated with greater handgrip strength in a healthy Chinese Han population
Authors: Chen Liangmei , Liu Xiaomin , Wang Qian , Jia Linpei , Song Kangkang , Nie Sasa , Zhang Yinping , Cao Dan , Zhao Delong , Li Zuoxiang , Dong Zheyi , Zheng Ying , Duan Shuwei , Sun Xuefeng , Feng Zhe , Cai Guangyan , Zhang Weiguang , Chen Xiangmei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground: Handgrip strength (HGS) has been widely studied in clinical and epidemiological settings, but the relationship between HGS and pulmonary function is still controversial. This study analysed pulmonary function and HGS stratified by sex and age in a healthy Chinese Han population, as well as the associations between HGS and pulmonary function parameters. Methods: HGS was measured by a Jamar dynamometer and pulmonary function was tested using a portable spirometer. Frequencies and variables are presented as percentages and means ± standard deviations, respectively. Chi-square tests were used for comparisons of categorical variables, and Student’s t-tests or Mann–Whitney U-tests were used for continuous variables. Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to analyse the normally distributed variables, and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to analyse the non-normally distributed variables. Multivariate linear regression models were employed to explore the relationships between HGS and parameters of pulmonary function. The statistical significance was set at p <0.01. Results: Cross-sectional data were available for 1519 subjects (59.0% females, 57.9±13.1 years old). Males had higher average HGS than females (40.2 vs. 25.0 kg, p <0.01 ), as well as better pulmonary function. Both HGS and pulmonary function parameters were significantly inversely correlated with age (r ≤ -0.30, p < 0.01). The maximum value of vital capacity (VC max), forced expiratory volume in 3 second (FEV3) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were strongly correlated with HGS among the pulmonary function indices (r=0.72, 0.70 and 0.69, respectively, p <0.001). In the multivariate linear regression analysis, HGS and height were positively correlated, while age and pulse pressure were negatively correlated with HGS. In males, the FVC, VC max and FEV3 increased by 0.02L, 0.023L and 0.03L in per 1 kg increase in HGS, respectively. The HGS coefficients for females were smaller than those for males. Conclusions: Both pulmonary function and HGS were inversely correlated with age, and better pulmonary function was associated with greater handgrip strength.