bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To Study effect of VARTM process parameters for composite strength: Taguchi approach
Authors: Bhatt A T , Gohil P P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Vacuum assisted resin transfer moulding (VARTM) has become well known fibre reinforced composite (FRC) manufacturing technique for various applications like boat hull, automobile parts, wind blades, aircraft parts etc. As name suggests, vacuum is used to assist resin to flow inside fabric during impregnation. The flow of resin happens due to the pressure difference created due to vacuum supply pipe (at vacuum pressure) and resin supply pipe (at atmospheric pressure). The flow of resin bonds the fabric to make a solid part. Various parameters affect the quality of part produced by VARTM. In this paper effect of three process parameters were studied, which include number of layers, position of resin supply and vacuum supply location. Each parameter with three levels was studied to find the effect of these parameters on tensile strength and flow velocity. Jute and polyester resin were selected as material to prepare laminates. The experiments were performed as per Taguchi Orthogonal Array L(9). It has been observed that the mechanical properties were best achieved when position of resin supply was at middle, vacuum supply location was from edge to centre and numbers of layers were five.
Artificial Intelligence for Compressive Strength Prediction of Concrete
Authors: Goutham S. J. , Singh V. P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStructural health monitoring is an indispensable procedure that is to be carried out to evaluate the serviceability of existing structures. Non-destructive testing methods are attaining increasing popularity for the assessment of concrete strength due to the ease of operation and reliability of the results. The application of machine learning in the field of engineering has increased rampantly. In this study, the compressive strength of concrete has been forecasted using support vector regression which is a machine learning technique. Artificial intelligence is nothing but the potential to impersonate human intelligence. The advantage of artificial intelligence over human intelligence is the absence of human errors that can arise due to various factors which might decrease the accuracy of results. Rebound hammer (RBH), Windsor probe penetration (WPP) and ultra-sonic pulse velocity(USV) are the non-destructive testing that has been employed to assess the concrete compressive strength. The use of multiple non-destructive testing methods than single testing methods has improved the accuracy of prediction model. Further the results of different combination models were compared using coefficient of determination which is a commonly used statistical parameter for prediction accuracy comparison. The prediction model is in accordance with the experimental results obtained. And the accuracy of prediction indicates that support vector regression can be successfully used for predicting the compressive strength of concrete.
Multi Objective Optimization of Nano-composite Non-asbestos Friction Lining Material using Grey Relation Analysis (GRA)
Authors: Shinde Dinesh , Bulsara Mukesh , Mistry K N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Friction lining materials should possess high coefficient of friction at the same time should have high wear resistance. Moreover, it should be stable at elevated temperature encountered due to sliding friction. One has to think of many functional requirements in order to develop a friction material, which gives motivation to optimize the friction materials for multiple objectives. In this work, three variant (CSP0, CSP15 and CSP30) of friction lining materials with nano-coconut shell powder are developed and subjected chase friction testing. Specimen preparation is done at Universal brakes Jalgaon (MS, India) and Chase friction test is conducted at Indian Friction Material Engineering Company, Delhi (India). The results of the test are then used in multi-objective decision making for the selection using Grey Relation Analysis (GRA). It is applied based on the temperature sensitivity performance of Coefficient of friction (CoF) of the specimens, through six different criterions in parallel. It is observed that CSP30 has ranked 1 according to GRA with six criterions.
Design Improvements in Conventional Drilling Machine to Control Thermal Necrosis during Orthopaedic Surgeries
Authors: Dahibhate R V , Jaju S B , Sarode R I 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBone drilling operation is performed to join fractured bone tissues during physical trauma. Natural bone growth and remodelling of fractured bone fragments is possible by immobilisation of affected bone. Immobilisation is achieved by use of screws and plates with drilling facilities. Similarly internal fixation of screws [1] during intramedullary nailing often involves bone drilling. The heat generation model [2] has proved that, generation and accumulation of heat above temperature level of 470c for one minute during drilling is the alarming signal for thermal necrosis which causes irreversible bone damage. To study bone drilling in concern with thermal necrosis, threshold temperature has to be the prime concern and accordingly drilling parameters and specifications are to be selected. In this study, drilling process is conducted on a sheep rib bone. Optimization of drilling parameters such as drilling speed, feed rate and drill specification like drill tool diameter is suggested using Taguchi and ANOVA method. Results indicate drill diameter is most influencing factor contributing 90.71% for heat generation, followed by feed rate 5.69% and drill speed 2.22%. Based on discussions and conclusions a drill machine with attachments of infrared thermometer, speed sensor and camera is designed and fabricated. This machine alarms surgeon when temperature level at drill site increases above 470c, which is a threshold temperature of thermal necrosis.
Fracture analysis of center crack functionally graded material plate under tensile biaxial loading by extended finite element method
Authors: Lal Achchhe , Sutaria B.M , Mishra Kundan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The fracture analysis of a centrally cracked functionally graded material (FGM) plate under biaxial stresses using extended finite element method (XFEM) is studied. In this present study the effect of crack length and crack angle on mixed mode stress intensity factor (MSIF) of center cracked FGM plate under biaxial stress is presented. The mathematical formulation is carried out in MATLAB by XFEM using interaction integral and partition of unity method. The results obtained by this present approach are compared with the result from the literature. This study is carried out to find MMSIF of center cracked FGM plate to understand the behavior of crack under biaxial state of stress.
Experimental investigation of cylindrical roller bearing for inner race defect under varying load
Authors: Patel Sachin P. , Upadhyay S. H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation of inner race defect on cylindrical roller bearing under various speeds and radial load conditions. The several statistical features like RMS, crest factor, skewness, kurtosis, and frequency domain techniques like FFT, envelope spectrum have been extracted and compared it for defective and healthy bearing at various speeds and radial load to understand the performance of bearing. The experimental results indicate that increment in rotational speed and variation in radial load has a remarkable influence on various features of the signals.
Thermo-Hydraulic Performance Enhancement of Liquid He Based Cryogenic Nanofluid Flow in Laminar Region Through Rectangular Plate Fin Heat Exchangers -A Numerical Study
Authors: Bose A , Chakraborty S , Mukhopadhayay S S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cryogenic applications are increasing in recent times with the advancement of technology. This research work is focused to improve performance of cryogenic fluid in compact heat exchangers. Nanoparticles with high thermal conductivity is mixed with the cryogenic fluid to improve the thermo-hydraulic efficiency of the heat transfer fluid used in the compact heat exchangers. Liquid He has been used as base fluid and its performance has been compared using nanoparticles CuO, Al2O3, Fe3O4 and Single Wall Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT). A numerical analysis has been done in the laminar range of flows in a PFHE. Comparison of the nanofluids at cryogenic temperature is compared with heat transfer performance parameter Colburn j-factor and pressure drop performance parameter Fanning’s friction factor(f). It has been found that around 15-30% enhancement of thermal performance is achieved with nanoparticles in comparison to liquid He without any nanoparticles. It has also been observed that there is an improvement of j/f
1/3 factor representing heat transfer enhancement without much increasing pumping pressure.
Optimization and Experimentation of Modified Throttling Calorimeter
Authors: Mushan Sagar G. , Sane Narayan. K. , Kulkarni Hrushikesh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Steam plays a vital role in the industrial revolution and is a major source of power generation in steam engines or steam turbine. Thus, it becomes necessary to maintain steam as dry as possible and it is necessary to monitor steam quality on a regular basis. The most commonly used method in determining steam quality is Throttling calorimeter. Here existing throttling calorimeter is designed for determining steam quality within a pressure range of 20 – 25 bar. This existing calorimeter is optimized for monitoring steam quality within a range of 4 – 12 bar gauge pressure. Pipe and orifice dimension of the calorimeter is calculated for a given flow rate of steam by using ISO norms and Bernoulli’s principle. After conducting multiple trials on newly designed model test rig it is found that the 4 mm orifice diameter model gives the greater consistency of results and it is considered to be an optimized model.
Experimental Investigation on Geo-Polymer Concrete by Using Steel Slag at Higher Temperature
Authors: Sanghamitra J , Ramakanta P , Ananya B Sushree 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Concrete is the most durable, versatile and reliable construction material after water. Its requirement is very large so the need of ordinary portland cement is also high. Due to such large production of OPC our environment is getting polluted as carbon dioxide is emitted. Geo-polymer is the alternative to control the pollution and its an innovative construction material. It can be prepared by using fly ash, the secondary product of thermal coal and steel slag which is the by product of the production of steel in an electric arc. Another thing required to prepare the geopolymer concrete (GPC) is curing temperature. In this study mechanical properties of GPC is examined with curing temperature 70°C with a replacement of steel slag as coarse aggregate as 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%. Here the strength of GPC is increasing up to 30% replacement of steel slag as coarse aggregate.
Matrix Modification of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites with Hybrid Resin System
Authors: VenkateshwarReddy C. , Roopa K. , RameshBabu P. , RamNarayanan R. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The most important property required for any structural composite material is high strength to weight ratio and corrosion resistance. To improve the interfacial addition between carbon fiber and epoxy resin, the epoxy matrix has been modified with hybrid resin. The unidirectional carbon/epoxy composites were prepared with different weight proportions of two resins (hybrid resin) with parts by weight(PBW). In this paper unidirectional carbon fiber T700 used as reinforcement and hybrid resin used as matrix for preparing the Uni-Directional(UD) laminate and Naval Ordnance laboratories(NOL) ring specimens. These specimens are prepared with filament winding technique, specimens were tested as per ASTM standards and test was conducted on Instron 4505 with 100KN capacity. From the test results it has been observed that the tensile strength measured by NOL ring specimens are more trustable than the results obtained with unidirectional(UD) test specimens. NOL ring test data is useful for making composite pressure vessels for aerospace applications.
Structural and optical properties of amorphous TiO2 films deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering
Authors: Lavanya M , Ratnam S Sunita , Kumar B Rajesh , Rao T Subba 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Titanium dioxide films were grown by magnetron DC sputtering technique and post-annealed in vacuum from 150 to 350 °C. X-ray diffraction profiles of TiO2 films exhibits amorphous nature. The optical absorbance spectra show the absorption edge tends to shift towards higher wavelength and band gap (Eg) of TiO2 thin films decreased from 3.44 to 3.35 eV with the increment of annealing temperature from 150 to 350°C. The decrease in band gap of the films leads to an increase in the size of the grain with an increment of annealing temperature.
Prediction of solid rocket motor performance characteristics using computational fluid dynamics and validation with experimental data
Authors: MohanManchiraju Venkata Naga , Dwivedi Vijay Kumar 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Solid Propulsion is widely used in Missile and Space applications. Accurate prediction of Specific impulse (Isp) is important for design of Solid rocket motor. These predictions can be done using empirical relations. Obtaining these empirical relations require large amount of data. The renowned aerospace organizations use their own code for prediction. These codes are not open source and also developing a code requires big team effort with challenges of verification and validations. The present work is aimed at developing numerical model for prediction of Specific Impulse. The model is validated against the experimental data of static test of solid rocket motor taken from literature.
Design of framework of Hybrid RMS for Ball Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Patel J , Sanghvi N , Khatri A , Vora D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper discusses the possibility of implementation of a reconfigurable manufacturing system to aid a manufacturing organization to manufacture tennis and rubber balls simultaneously or exclusively with minimum changeover time. The tennis balls and rubber balls come under a single part family, that is, Ball. They constitute 8 types of products in total. The proposed manufacturing system consists of three individual and parallel manufacturing lines that are capable of manufacturing both tennis and rubber balls. As per the change in demand, the line can be reconfigured to manufacture any product within the part family.
Dynamic Analysis of High Speed Spindle
Authors: Prasad V V S H , Kamala V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Assessment of the thermo-mechanical behaviour of machine-tool spindles is a requisite for the reliable operation of high-speed CNC machine tools. The thermal behaviour and applied loads affect the performance of these high-speed spindles. The primary source of heat generation in the spindle is due to friction torque in angular contact ball bearings, cutting forces, centrifugal force, gyratory effects and bearing preload. The spindle shaft is treated as beam element with one translational and one rotational degree-of-freedom at each node. Angular contact ball bearings are modelled to predict heat generation due to load, viscous, and spin-related effects. Mutual interlinkage between the thermal and structural behaviour of both spindle shaft and bearings is modelled using the effects caused due to the thermal expansion and rate of heat generation. The bearing preload is pushed up due to centrifugal force and temperature rise due to high spindle speed. Components matrices are assembled to configure a finite element model for the thermo-mechanical analysis of spindle-bearing systems using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Further this work presents ANSYS simulations on CNC spindle system with angular contact ball bearings using 103 Cr1steel material and hybrid type to predict thermal stress. Static and dynamic analysis is carried out on the spindle with and without thermal load and cutting load to predict the displacement and slope.
Design and Development of an Indigenous Drum Dryer for Preheating of Plastic Scrap
Authors: Alam Parvez , Dwivedi Vijay Kumar , Islam Anas , Sharma Rohit 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this experiment an indigenous plastic scrap preheating machine has been developed that preheats the plastic scrap very economically and may be used at small scale industries, as such types of industries largely uses sun drying method for heating the plastic scrap. The limitation of such method is that the time taken to heat the scrap is quite large and also there remains porosities inside the plastic scrap, these porosities create voids in these scraps that reduce the strength of the final manufactured plastic item in operations like injection mouldings.
Mechanical Testing and Numerical Analysis of Flax/Glass Epoxy Hybrid Composite Material
Authors: Naresh Kumar S , Venkatesh D , Subbaratnam B. , Shekar M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The natural fibres, as reinforcing medium will tremendously use in polymer composite industries due to rapid development of research in this field to maintain the sustainable materials towards its application. In this paper, Bidirectional woven E-Glass and Flax Fabrics with Epoxy resin were used to fabricate the two different composites with (0°, 45°) orientation by hand layup method. Laminate-1 made of four flax/epoxy layers and four Glass/Epoxy layers consecutively arranged one after the other, Laminate-2 made of four Flax/Epoxy layers sandwiched between the two Glass/Epoxy layers top side and two Glass/Epoxy layers bottom side of the laminate. Tensile test and bending test results obtained as per ASTM standards. Finite element analysis was used in ABAQUS software for the simulation of important mechanical properties in tension and bending of the two laminates. Theoretical results obtained in FEA were compared with the experimental results of both laminates in terms of Force-displacement curve on the elastic domain. The error percentage of the maximum strength of two laminates were 4.8% and 8.04% respectively in the tensile test, similarly the maximum flexural strength of two laminates in order of 5.33% and 2.54% in bending test. Due to this experiment, it observed that the strength of the laminate is more in the hybrid composite than the composite made of purely natural fibres.
Experimental Investigation of Thermal Performance of Mesh Wick Heat Pipe Using Nanofluid
Authors: Nizam Al Rabbul , Gupta Naveen Kumar , Alam Parvez 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the present world with the advancement in technology and development of devices with high speeds and continuous runs, it has become the most serious challenge to effectively manage the thermal dissipation so that the devices are able to run smoothly and efficiently. With an effective thermal management system, the performance of these equipments or machineries can be improved to a great extent. This can be done by using heat pipes with nanofluids. The suspension of nanoparticles within the size range of 1-100 nm in the base fluids like water, ethylene glycol, etc. is called nanofluid. The aim of this research is to prepare Aluminium-water based nanofluids and to study its various properties. The aluminium nanofluid was synthesised using De-ionized water as the base fluid. The characterisation of the nanofluid was done by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques.
Experimental Investigation and Micro Structural Characteristics of GTAW and FSW Welded Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Kotari Sairam , Punna Eshwaraiah , Reddy S M Gangadhar , Venukumar S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Current paper shares the study on optimization of parameters for GTAW and FSW Aluminum alloys. Base metals chosen were AA6061 and AA7075, filler metal used for TIG welding is AA4043. Welding Current, Welding speed and gas flow rate were taken as input parameters for GTAW and axial load, weld speed and tool rotation were choosen as variables for FSW. L9 orthogonal array is used for design of experiments. Analysis of variance is used for ranking the parameters. It was found that an average tensile strength of 127MPa is found for GTAW samples and 151 MPa for FSW samples. Thus an overall 19% increase in strength is achieved. Micro structural analysis is done to investigate the reason for variation of strength. It was found that the formation of Mg-Si precipitates has affected the increase in strength for FSW samples.
Fabriction of Mechanical Segway With Handle
Authors: Vardhan M.Vishnu , Kotari Sairam , Sameeroddin Mohd , Deshmukh Kashif Gohar , Rohit Gunti 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Segway is a two-wheeled motorized personal vehicle consisting of a platform for the fleet mounted above an axle an upright post surmounted by handle with two guiding wheels, controlled by the rocker switches. Segway is mainly used for the short distance travel where there is no use of fuel and no pollution. The main objective of this project is to produce an easy way to move and a comfortable space for the user and reduce pollution as this model is eco-friendly. The present project proposes a cost effective and innovative design compared to the existing segway available in the market. The proposed project also aims to reduce the e-waste by eliminating few electronic components.
Experimental validation of fatigue life for thread rolling form tool material
Authors: Rao GVR Seshagiri , Prasad VVSH , Sunil kumar M , Raju VKVS Krishnam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A mechanical machine needs to be considering the effect of cyclic stress to avoid failures, the machine considered in this work is rotating beam fatigue tester to know the failure points. This machine present the fatigue strength values of different materials when it is subjected to repeated loads at different stress values. To establish the fatigue characteristics, various materials are tested with initial test, at a stress value that is under the material’s ultimate strength. Machine components are subjected to repeated varying forces or fluctuating loads of definite magnitude and stress cycles are to be measured. In this paper it has been analyse the performance EN8 and D2 steel. These materials are used for general applications of thread rolling process which experiences weariness stacking. Further, concentrates on fatigue testing machine to improve strength quality is shown. In the same way the method is repeated with the different values of load on EN8 and D2 steel specimens and the results are plotted and to represented on S-N diagram.
Modelling and Fabrication of Engine Valve To Improve Performance of An I.C Engine
Authors: Reddy P Ramakrishna , Shivanath Pendam , Shandilya Vittala , Srikanth Acha , Balakrishna B. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Modelling and fabrication of engine valves are made to increase the turbulence process by swirl. By proving swirl process to increase fast combustion phenomenon and enhance the efficiency of an engine. Engine should work at minimum speeds in order to have decrease the mechanical losses and good combustion enabling improves the combustion efficiency and mechanical efficiency (1). For this process be used to improves brake thermal efficiency and increase the usage of air-fuel mixture in combustion process which less impact pollution release to environment. The main importance of this work is to evaluate the performance of an Engine and to improve it by changing the valve design. Manufacturing of intake valves made to do an experimental work. this being done after modelling of valve and fabrication and then experimental work on test engine to compare two valves. Even if we adapt the this concept and also additional concentration required on inlet manifold.