bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Ab Externo and Ab Interno 360-degree Suture Trabeculotomy in Adult Open-angle Glaucoma
Authors: Yalinbas Duygu , Dilekmen Nilay , Hepsen Ibrahim Feyzi 
Published: August 2020

Precis:
Ab interno (gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy) and ab externo 360-degree suture trabeculotomy (ST) achieved similar success rates for reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) without serious complications threatening visual acuity.

Purpose:
We aimed to compare the efficacy of ab externo and ab interno 360-degree ST in reducing IOP, decreasing the number of antiglaucoma medications required, and decreasing the rates of intraoperative/postoperative complications in adults with open-angle glaucoma (OAG).

Patients and Methods:
This retrospective study included 33 eyes of 33 patients who underwent ab externo 360-degree ST (group 1) and 23 eyes of 23 patients who underwent ab interno 360-degree ST for OAG (group 2). We analyzed demographics as well as preoperative and postoperative (1, 3, 6, and 12 mo) data related to IOP, the number of antiglaucoma medications, complications, and surgical success rates.

Results:
In group 1, the mean IOP was 26.2±10.4 mm Hg, and the mean number of antiglaucoma medications was 3.2±1.0 preoperatively, decreasing to 11.2±3.0 mm Hg and 0.1±0.4 at 12 months, respectively (P<0.001, <0.001). In group 2, the mean IOP was 28.3±10.4 mm Hg, and the mean number of antiglaucoma medications was 3.5±0.9 preoperatively, decreasing to 13.3±6.5 mm Hg and 0.8±1.0 at 12 months, respectively (P<0.001, <0.001). Decreases in IOP at 6 and 12 months were similar in groups 1 and 2 (50% vs. 47%, P=0.6; and 51% vs. 49%, P=0.7, respectively). At 12 months, complete and qualified success rates were 88% and 97% for group 1 and 57% and 87% for group 2, respectively. The most common complications in both groups were hyphema and transient IOP spikes.

Conclusion:

Ab interno 360-degree ST is similar to ab externo 360-degree ST in terms of safety and efficacy in patients with OAG.
Iris Stromal Cyst in a 6-Month-Old With Rapid Progression to Angle Closure
Authors: Santos Matthew C. , Lee Andrew R. 
Published: August 2020

Case Report:
A 6-month-old female presented with an iris cyst in the left eye, first identified at age 4 months. The patient was seen by an ophthalmologist at age 6 months and referred for further management. Our examination 2 weeks later demonstrated a 6 mm diameter iris cyst originating from the anterior surface of the inferior iris, occupying the inferior two thirds of the anterior chamber and obscuring the pupil. Intraocular pressure was normal and the remainder of the anterior chamber was formed. Because of concern for the development of amblyopia, the patient was scheduled for an examination under anesthesia and iris cyst removal 2 days later. In the intervening 2 days, the patient’s mother noted worsening photophobia and tearing. At the time of surgery, the intraocular pressure was 51 mm Hg in the left eye. Anterior examination demonstrated interval development of shallowing of the anterior chamber with irido-corneal and cyst-corneal touch. The iris cyst had increased to 8 mm in size and filled the entire pupillary aperture. The iris cyst was excised, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of an iris stromal cyst.

Conclusions:
Congenital stromal cysts of the iris can enlarge, threatening amblyopia and secondary glaucoma in children. Although angle closure is a known theoretical complication of iris stromal cysts, actual cases are rare in the literature. This case demonstrates the importance of serial examinations to monitor progression of iris stromal cysts, particularly in young children.
Abnormal subgenual anterior cingulate circuitry is unique to women but not men with chronic pain
Authors: Osborne Natalie R. , Cheng Joshua C. , Rogachov Anton , Kim Junseok Andrew , Hemington Kasey S. , Bosma Rachael L. , Inman Robert D. , Davis Karen D. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) plays an important role in pain modulation. We previously demonstrated sex differences in sgACC functional connectivity (FC) in healthy individuals. Given that many chronic pain conditions show sex differences in prevalence, here we tested the hypothesis that people with chronic pain exhibit a sex-specific pattern of abnormal sgACC FC. We acquired resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 156 (82 W: 74 M) healthy participants and 38 (19 W: 19 M) people with chronic low back pain resulting from ankylosing spondylitis, a condition that predominantly affects men. We confirmed that there are sex differences in sgACC FC in our large cohort of healthy adults; women had greater sgACC FC with the precuneus, a key node of the default mode network, and men had greater sgACC FC with the posterior insula and the operculum. Next, we identified an interaction effect between sex and pain status (healthy/chronic pain) for sgACC FC. Within the chronic pain group, women had greater sgACC FC than men to the default mode and sensorimotor networks. Compared to healthy women, women with chronic pain also had greater sgACC FC to the precuneus and lower FC to the hippocampus and frontal regions. No differences in sgACC FC were seen in men with vs without chronic pain. Our findings indicate that abnormal sgACC circuitry is unique to women but not men with ankylosing spondylitis-related chronic pain. These sex differences may impact the benefit of therapeutics that target the sgACC for chronic pain.
Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial of alpha-lipoic acid for the treatment of fibromyalgia pain: the IMPALA trial
Authors: Gilron Ian , Robb Sylvia , Tu Dongsheng , Holden Ronald , Towheed Tanveer , Ziegler Dan , Wang Louie , Milev Roumen , Gray Christopher 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a common and challenging chronic pain disorder with few, if any, highly effective and well-tolerated treatments. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a nonsedating antioxidant with evidence of efficacy in the treatment of symptomatic diabetic neuropathy that has not been evaluated in the setting of fibromyalgia treatment. Thus, we conducted a single-centre, proof-of-concept, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of ALA for the treatment of fibromyalgia. Twenty-seven participants were recruited, and 24 participants completed both treatment periods of the trial. The median maximal tolerated dose of ALA in this trial was 1663 mg/day. Treatment-emergent adverse events with ALA were infrequent and not statistically different from placebo. For the primary outcome of pain intensity, and for several other validated secondary outcomes, there were no statistically significant differences between placebo and ALA. A post hoc exploratory subgroup analysis showed a significant interaction between gender and treatment with a significant favourable placebo–ALA difference in pain for men, but not for women. Overall, the results of this trial do not provide any evidence to suggest promise for ALA as an effective treatment for fibromyalgia, which is predominantly prevalent in women. This negative clinical trial represents an important step in a collective strategy to identify new, better tolerated and more effective treatments for fibromyalgia.
The α2/α3GABAA receptor modulator TPA023B alleviates not only the sensory but also the tonic affective component of chronic pain in mice
Authors: Neumann Elena , Küpfer Laura , Zeilhofer Hanns Ulrich 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Diminished synaptic inhibition in the spinal dorsal horn is a major contributor to pathological pain syndromes of neuropathic or inflammatory origin. Drugs that enhance the activity of dorsal horn α2/α3GABAARs normalize exaggerated nociceptive responses in rodents with neuropathic nerve lesions or peripheral inflammation but lack most of the typical side effects of less specific GABAergic drugs. It is however still unknown whether such drugs also reduce the clinically more relevant conscious perception of pain. Here, we investigated the effects of the α2/α3GABAAR subtype-selective modulator TPA023B on the tonic aversive component of pain in mice with peripheral inflammation or neuropathy. In neuropathic mice with a chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve, TPA023B not only reversed hyperalgesia to tactile and heat stimuli but also was highly effective in the conditioned place preference test. In the formalin test, TPA023B not only reduced licking of the injected paw but also reversed facial pain expression scores in the mouse grimace scale assay. Taken together, our results demonstrate that α2/α3GABAA receptor subtype-selective modulators not only reduce nociceptive withdrawal responses but also alleviate the tonic aversive components of chronic pain.
Respiratory Health and Inflammatory Markers—Exposure to Cobalt in the Swedish Hard Metal Industry
Authors: Andersson Lena , Hedbrant Alexander , Bryngelsson Ing-Liss , Persson Alexander , Johansson Anders , Ericsson Annette , Vihlborg Per , Sjögren Bengt , Särndahl Eva , Stockfelt Leo , Westberg Håkan 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
To study the relationship between inhalable dust and cobalt, and respiratory symptoms, lung function, exhaled nitric oxide in expired air, and CC16 in the Swedish hard metal industry.

Methods:
Personal sampling of inhalable dust and cobalt, and medical examination including blood sampling was performed for 72 workers. Exposure-response relationships were determined using logistic, linear, and mixed-model analysis.

Results:
The average inhalable dust and cobalt concentrations were 0.079 and 0.0017 mg/m3, respectively. Statistically significant increased serum levels of CC16 were determined when the high and low cumulative exposures for cobalt were compared. Nonsignificant exposure-response relationships were observed between cross-shift inhalable dust or cobalt exposures and asthma, nose dripping, and bronchitis.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest an exposure-response relationship between inhalable cumulative cobalt exposure and CC16 levels in blood, which may reflect an injury or a reparation process in the lungs.
Morphine Equivalent Dose-Days (MED-D)
Authors: Merris Joshua , Phillips Andrew L. , Hegmann Kurt T. , Owens James D. , Amoafo Linda A. , Thiese Matthew S. 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
To assess the effect of morphine equivalent dose-days (MED-D) on the total cost for acute low back pain (LBP) workers’ compensation claims.

Methods:
Simple random samples of 123 opioid and 141 nonopioid acute LBP claims were obtained. Opioid claims were divided into low, medium, and high subgroups for MED-D, MED, and prescription duration. Subgroup mean total costs were compared to the nonopioid group using multivariate regression analyses.

Results:
MED-D and prescription duration were each, respectively, associated with significantly increased total costs at both medium and high levels. Increasing MED had a negative association with total cost, though stratification by duration abrogated this perceived trend. Interaction testing indicated MED and duration together better explained cost than MED alone.

Conclusion:
MED-D is a better predictor of total cost in acute LBP claims than MED alone.
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Welders’ Lung Disease
Authors: Karataş Mevlüt , Büyükşekerci Murat , Gündüzöz Meşide , Özakinci Gökhan , Öziş Türkan Nadir 
Published: August 2020

Objective:To investigate neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with welders’ lung disease (PWLD) and its relation with pulmonary function parameters.Methods:One hundred sixteen male PWLD and 118 healthy non-exposed individuals were recruited. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs), complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (SED), c-reactive protein (CRP), NLR and PLR of both groups were retrospectively analyzed.Results:NLR, PLR, WBC, ESR, and CRP were significantly higher in PWLD compared to controls (allP < 0.001). All PFTs, except for FEV1/FVC, significantly decreased in PWLD compared to controls as. NLR correlated positively with ESR (r = 0.241 andP < 0.001).Conclusion:Our results show that NLR and PLR can be considered as new inflammatory markers in PWLD with their cheap, fast and easily measurable feature with routine blood count analysis.
Biomonitoring of DNA Damage in Photocopiers’ Workers From Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Khisroon Muhammad , Khan Ajmal , Hassan Nazia , Zaidi Farrah , Farooqi Javeed 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
The study was performed to know about the extent of occupational DNA damage in photocopiers’ workers.

Methods:
Blood samples were collected from 136 exposed group and 74 control group. Comet assay was performed to assess the DNA damage caused by emissions from photocopiers.

Results:
The results indicated that there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in DNA damage in persons working in photocopiers (122.1 ± 60.7) than the controls (56.6 ± 17.2). Duration of occupational exposure had positive correlation (r = 0.793, P
< 0.001) with DNA damage. Age had significant effects on the total comet score (TCS) of the exposed group as compared to the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
In conclusion, these findings indicate significant genotoxicity in photocopiers’ workers.
Parental Occupational Exposure is Associated With Their Children's Psychopathology
Authors: Kishon Ronit , Geronazzo-Alman Lupo , Teichman Meir , Teichman Yona , Cheslack-Postava Keely , Fan Bin , Duarte Cristiane S. , Wicks Judith , Musa George J. , Djalovski Amir , Tadmor Boaz , Moreno Diana Rodriguez , Cycowicz Yael , Amsel Lawrence , Bresnahan Michaeline , Hoven Christina W. 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
To examine the association between parental occupational exposure to traumatic events and their children's mental health in families of First Responders (FRs), a neglected area of research.

Methods:
In 208 families of Israeli FRs, children's symptoms and comorbidity patterns of seven psychiatric disorders were regressed on parental work-related variables, controlling for relevant covariates.

Results:
Having a father working as a FR and higher paternal exposure were associated with a greater number of separation anxiety and posttraumatic stress symptoms, respectively. Maternal exposure was associated with a greater number of symptoms of generalized anxiety, panic disorder, depression, and oppositional defiant disorder, and with increased odds of comorbid internalizing symptomatology.

Conclusions:
Additional research on children of FRs is encouraged. An adaption to this understudied population of family-centered interventions available for military families could inform targeted prevention efforts.
Association Between Fine Particulate Matter and Fatal Hemorrhagic Stroke Incidence
Authors: Cai Binxin , Xia Tian , Qian Yifeng , Lu Huiping , Cai Renzhi , Wang Chunfang 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
Evidence of the association between fine particulate (PM2.5, particles ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) air pollution and fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence is limited. This study aims to document the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence.

Methods:
The time-stratified case-crossover approach was applied for the analysis.

Results:
The mean concentration of PM2.5 is 75.33 μg/m3. Fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence was significantly associated with PM2.5 exposure. Exposure to PM2.5 led to a 5% (2%–9%) and 5% (1%–10%) increase in fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence in lag2 and lag03 respectively. An increased risk was observed especially in men and subjects with hypertension.

Conclusions:
This study provides evidence for the association between PM2.5 exposure and fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence. Men and subjects with hypertension have increased risks, overweight may further increase their susceptibility to PM2.5 exposure related hemorrhagic stroke.
Workplace Violence and Long-term Sickness Absence
Authors: Hoffmann Sofie Have , Bjorner Jakob Bue , Xu Tianwei , Mortensen Jesper , Török Eszter , Westerlund Hugo , Persson Viktor , Aust Birgit , Rod Naja Hulvej , Clark Alice Jessie 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
We aimed to determine the effect of workplace violence on long-term sickness absence, and whether social support from supervisors and colleagues buffer this effect.

Methods:
Information on workplace violence and social support were derived from the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study in 2000, 2005, and 2010 and the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health in 2006 and 2008. Individual- and joint-effects on register-based long-term sickness absence were determined using logistic regression models for repeated measurements. Cohort-specific estimates were combined in random effect meta-analyses.

Results:
Workplace violence and low social support were independently associated with a higher risk of long-term sickness absence, and we did not find evidence of an interaction.

Conclusion:
Exposure to workplace violence is a risk factor for long-term sickness absence while social support is associated with a lower risk of long-term sickness absence.
Work Engagement and Work Performance Among Japanese Workers
Authors: Eguchi Hisashi , Inoue Akiomi , Kachi Yuko , Miyaki Koichi , Tsutsumi Akizumi 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
We carried out a prospective study to investigate the association between work engagement and work performance in a group of Japanese workers.

Methods:
Our cohort included 1632 men and 192 women aged 65 years or younger who worked at a manufacturing company in Japan. Multiple regression analysis was conducted.

Results:
Higher work engagement at baseline was significantly associated with better work performance at follow-up (β = 0.159, P < 0.001). A sex-stratified analysis showed that the impact of work engagement at baseline on work performance at follow-up was stronger among women than among men (β = 0.242, P < 0.001 and β = 0.153, P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions:
Higher work engagement may have beneficial effects on work performance. The impact of work engagement on work performance may be greater among women than among men.
Evaluation of a Caregiver-Friendly Workplace Program Intervention on the Health of Full-Time Caregiver Employees
Authors: Ding Regina , Dardas Anastassios , Wang Li , Williams Allison 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
To evaluate effectiveness of a workplace educational intervention at improving health-related outcomes in carer-employees.

Methods:
A pre-post test design compared with health of a sample (n = 21) of carer-employees before (T1) and after (T2) a workplace intervention, as well as a final timepoint (T3) 12 months after T1. An aggregate health score was used to measure health and consisted three scales; depression (CES-D), psychosocial (CRA), and self-reported health (SF-12), where higher scores indicated higher frequency of adverse health symptoms. Three random-slope models were created via the linear mixed modeling method (LMM) to illustrate changes in reported health.

Results:
All three LMM models reported a reduction in participants’ health score, particularly between T1 and T2, indicating a decrease in reported adverse health symptoms.

Conclusion:
The intervention was successful in improving the health of carer-employees.
Occupational Injuries of Latinx Child Farmworkers in North Carolina: Associations With Work Safety Culture
Authors: Arcury Thomas A. , Quandt Sara A. , Arnold Taylor J. , Chen Haiying , Daniel Stephanie S. 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
This paper examines the association of occupational injuries with work safety culture among Latinx child farmworkers.

Methods:
Interviews were conducted in 2017 with 202 Latinx farmworkers aged 10 to 17 years.

Results:
Occupational injuries were common among the child farmworkers: for example, 66.8% reported any work injury and 45.5% reported heat-related illness. Work safety culture was inadequate; for example, most did not receive safety training, one-third reported having worked piece-rate; only a few field sanitation services were available, and perceived work safety climate was low. Work safety culture had a mixed association with occupational injuries, with safety training and a better perceived work safety climate having a direct association with occupational injuries.

Conclusions:
Policy is needed to reduce child farmworker injuries. Strategies to improve the predictive value of the work safety culture model are required.
Pre-Existing and New-Onset Depression and Anxiety Among Workers With Injury or Illness Work Leaves
Authors: Gaspar Fraser W. , Jolivet Daniel N. , Wizner Kerri , Schott Fred , Dewa Carolyn S. 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
To examine the influence of depression and/or anxiety on work leaves and the impact of work leaves on experiencing a new-onset depression and/or anxiety disorder.

Methods:
IBM's MarketScan® research databases were linked to investigate depressive and anxiety disorders in workers with a work leave due to an injury or non-mental health illness (n = 467,930) and without a work leave (n = 2,764,447).

Results:
The odds of a work leave within a year were 2.10 times higher (95%CI: 2.08–2.13) in individuals with depression and/or anxiety compared to those without. The odds of developing a new-onset depression and/or anxiety within a year was 4.21 times higher (95% CI: 4.14–4.27) in individuals with a work leave compared to those without.

Conclusion:
Depression and anxiety are both risk factors for and subsequent outcomes of injuries or illnesses that require a work leave.
Etiological Work-up in Referrals From Neonatal Hearing Screening: 20 Years of Experience
Authors: Boudewyns An , van den Ende Jenneke , Declau Frank , Wuyts Wim , Peeters Nils , Brandt Anouk Hofkens-Van den , Van Camp Guy 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Confirmation of permanent hearing loss in a newborn should be followed by a search for an underlying etiology because this may impact hearing loss management and counselling.

Methods:
Retrospective chart review of all newborns seen at a tertiary referral center after referral from newborn hearing screening over a 20-year period. The changes in the diagnostic protocol over the years are outlined and the most recent protocol includes targeted next-generation sequencing using a panel for known hearing loss causing genes, in all cases of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).

Results:
Permanent hearing loss was confirmed in 235 of 1,002 neonates. A complete etiological work-up was performed in 138 cases of SNHL (77 bilateral and 61 unilateral), with the underlying cause found in 77.9% and in 67.2% of patients respectively. Genetic causes explained 55 (58.4%) of bilateral cases and in 17 a genetic cause was identified by the gene panel. Pathogenic variants in GJB2 and MYO15A explained most cases of nonsyndromic SNHL. Waardenburg syndrome was the most frequent syndromic cause. Cochlear nerve deficiency and congenital cytomegalovirus infection accounted for the majority of unilateral SNHL.
Other causes of congenital hearing loss were conductive hearing loss (n = 12) and auditory neuropathy/dyssynchrony (n = 9).

Conclusion:
Implementation of targeted next-generation sequencing in the etiological work-up improves the diagnostic yield in congenital SNHL, leaving only about 20% of bilateral and 30% of unilateral cases unsolved.