bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbonation Effect on Behavior of Ecological High Ductility Cementitious Composites
Authors: Chai Lijuan , Guo Liping , Chen Bo , Cao Yuanzhang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
To explore the carbonation effect on the design parameters of a bridge deck link slab made by ecological high ductility cementitious composites (Eco-HDCC), flexural and compressive properties of Eco-HDCC were studied. Besides, the carbonation front and pH profile in the pore solution of Eco-HDCC specimens with different carbonation ages were determined. Results indicate that the ultimate flexural strength of Eco-HDCC has little change as carbonation age increases, and first cracking strength increases for carbonation ages of 3 d∼7 d, then decreases. The ultimate deflection of Eco-HDCC after being carbonated is higher than that of the virgin specimen. Besides, as the carbonation age prolongs, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of Eco-HDCC slightly increase. In addition, with the increase of the carbonation age, carbonation front of Eco-HDCC increases while the pH value of the pore solution decreases. When the depth ranges are 15 mm∼25 mm and 37 mm∼40 mm for carbonation ages of 56 d, the pH values are 10.4 and 11.2, which may destroy the passive film of the steel bar. Moreover, the mechanical property parameters for the design of the link slab made by Eco-HDCC can be selected according to non-carbonated material for the purpose of safe and conservative design. The corrosion-resistant steel bar or fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bar could be a promising choice to prevent steel bar corrosion.
Auditory Selectivity for Spectral Contrast in Cortical Neurons and Behavior
Authors: So Nina L.T. , Edwards Jacob A. , Woolley Sarah M.N. 
Published: December 2019

Vocal communication relies on the ability of listeners to identify, process, and respond to vocal sounds produced by others in complex environments. To accurately recognize these signals, animals' auditory systems must robustly represent acoustic features that distinguish vocal sounds from other environmental sounds. Vocalizations typically have spectral structure; power regularly fluctuates along the frequency axis, creating spectral contrast. Spectral contrast is closely related to harmonicity, which refers to spectral power peaks occurring at integer multiples of a fundamental frequency. Although both spectral contrast and harmonicity typify natural sounds, they may differ in salience for communication behavior and engage distinct neural mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to understand which of these properties of vocal sounds underlie the neural processing and perception of vocalizations.Here, we test the importance of vocalization-typical spectral features in behavioral recognition and neural processing of vocal sounds, using male zebra finches. We show that behavioral responses to natural and synthesized vocalizations rely on the presence of discrete frequency components, but not on harmonic ratios between frequencies. We identify a specific population of neurons in primary auditory cortex that are sensitive to the spectral resolution of vocal sounds. We find that behavioral and neural response selectivity is explained by sensitivity to spectral contrast rather than harmonicity. This selectivity emerges within the cortex; it is absent in the thalamorecipient region and present in the deep output region. Further, deep-region neurons that are contrast-sensitive show distinct temporal responses and selectivity for modulation density compared with unselective neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAuditory coding and perception are critical for vocal communication. Auditory neurons must encode acoustic features that distinguish vocalizations from other sounds in the environment and generate percepts that direct behavior. The acoustic features that drive neural and behavioral selectivity for vocal sounds are unknown, however. Here, we show that vocal response behavior scales with stimulus spectral contrast but not with harmonicity, in songbirds. We identify a distinct population of auditory cortex neurons in which response selectivity parallels behavioral selectivity. This neural response selectivity is explained by sensitivity to spectral contrast rather than to harmonicity. Our findings inform the understanding of how the auditory system encodes socially-relevant signals via detection of an acoustic feature that is ubiquitous in vocalizations.
Mimicking Age-Associated Gadd45γ Dysregulation Results in Memory Impairments in Young Adult Mice
Authors: Brito David V.C. , Kupke Janina , Gulmez Karaca Kubra , Zeuch Benjamin , Oliveira Ana M.M. 
Published: December 2019

Age-related memory loss is observed across multiple mammalian species and preferentially affects hippocampus-dependent memory. Memory impairments are characterized by accelerated decay of spatial memories. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying these deficits are still largely unknown. Here, we investigated the expression and function of the growth arrest DNA damage (Gadd45) family during aging and cognition, respectively. We report that aging impairs the expression of Gadd45γ in the hippocampus of cognitively impaired male mice. Mimicking this decrease in young adult male mice led to age-like memory deficits in hippocampus-dependent memory tasks. Gadd45γ reduction impaired the activity of key components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (p38 and JNK) in mouse hippocampal cultures. Furthermore, we found that activation of downstream targets, such as ATF-2, c-Jun, and CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein), was disrupted. Finally, we showed that Gadd45γ is required for induction of key early- and late-response genes that have been associated with aging. Together, these findings indicate that Gadd45γ expression regulates cognitive abilities and synapse-to-nucleus communication and suggest Gadd45γ dysfunction as a potential mechanism contributing to age-related cognitive impairments.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA high percentage of subjects experience age-related memory loss that burdens daily performance. Although many advances have been made, the precise changes in the brain governing these deficits are unclear. Identifying molecular processes that are required for cognition and are altered during old age is crucial to develop preventive or therapeutic strategies. Here, we show that baseline and learning-induced expression of the growth arrest DNA damage (Gadd45) γ is selectively impaired in the hippocampus of aged mice with cognitive deficits. Next, we show that modeling this impairment in young adult mice with normal cognitive performance disrupts long- and short-term memories in an age-like manner. Finally, we demonstrate that Gadd45γ regulates synapse-to-nucleus communication processes that are needed for plasticity-associated gene expression.
Interaction Between Induced and Natural Variation at oil yellow1 Delays Reproductive Maturity in Maize
Authors: Khangura Rajdeep S , Venkata Bala P , Marla Sandeep R , Mickelbart Michael V , Dhungana Singha , Braun David M , Dilkes Brian P , Johal Gurmukh S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We previously demonstrated that maize (Zea mays) locus very oil yellow1 (vey1) encodes a putative cis-regulatory expression polymorphism at the magnesium chelatase subunit I gene (aka oil yellow1) that strongly modifies the chlorophyll content of the semi-dominant Oy1-N1989 mutants. The vey1 allele of Mo17 inbred line reduces chlorophyll content in the mutants leading to reduced photosynthetic output. Oy1-N1989 mutants in B73 reached reproductive maturity four days later than wild-type siblings. Enhancement of Oy1-N1989 by the Mo17 allele at the vey1 QTL delayed maturity further, resulting in detection of a flowering time QTL in two bi-parental mapping populations crossed to Oy1-N1989. The near isogenic lines of B73 harboring the vey1 allele from Mo17 delayed flowering of Oy1-N1989 mutants by twelve days. Just as previously observed for chlorophyll content, vey1 had no effect on reproductive maturity in the absence of the Oy1-N1989 allele. Loss of chlorophyll biosynthesis in Oy1-N1989 mutants and enhancement by vey1 reduced CO2 assimilation. We attempted to separate the effects of photosynthesis on the induction of flowering from a possible impact of chlorophyll metabolites and retrograde signaling by manually reducing leaf area. Removal of leaves, independent of the Oy1-N1989 mutant, delayed flowering but surprisingly reduced chlorophyll contents of emerging leaves. Thus, defoliation did not completely separate the identity of the signal(s) that regulates flowering time from changes in chlorophyll content in the foliage. These findings illustrate the necessity to explore the linkage between metabolism and the mechanisms that connect it to flowering time regulation.
CRISIS Y DESDEMOCRATIZACIÓN: POLÍTICA Y ECONOMÍA DE LA CRISIS BRASILEÑA
Authors: Navarro Alvarado Guillermo Antonio 
Published: December 2019

El siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo exponer las variables generales de la crisis económico-política brasileña, iniciada en el año 2013 y vigente en la actualidad. Se pretenden exponer y analizar: a) las diversas corrientes interpretativas de la crisis; b) las estructuras históricas de poder político y su marco institucional; c) las determinantes estructurales de la crisis económica y las contradicciones político- económicas del modelo social-desarrollista. El análisis concluye que la crisis actual obedece a una dinámica multidimensional y es el producto de la profundización de las contradicciones estructurales e institucionales implicadas en un pacto democratizador inconcluso, que devino en un proceso de desdemocratización.
Evaluation of Ground‐Motion Models for U.S. Geological Survey Seismic Hazard Models: 2018 Anchorage, Alaska, Mw 7.1 Subduction Zone Earthquake Sequence
Authors: McNamara Daniel E. , Wolin Emily , Powers Peter M. , Shumway Alison M. , Moschetti Morgan P. , Rekoske John , Thompson Eric M. , Mueller Charles S. , Petersen Mark D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInstrumental ground‐motion recordings from the 2018 Anchorage, Alaska (Mw 7.1), earthquake sequence provide an independent data set allowing us to evaluate the predictive power of ground‐motion models (GMMs) for intraslab earthquakes associated with the Alaska subduction zone. In this study, we evaluate 15 candidate GMMs using instrumental ground‐motion observations of peak ground acceleration and 5% damped pseudospectral acceleration (0.02–10 s) to inform logic‐tree weights for the update of the U.S. Geological Survey seismic hazard model for Alaska. GMMs are evaluated using two methods. The first is a total residual visualization approach that compares the probability density function, mean, and standard deviations σ of the observed and predicted ground motion. The second GMM evaluation method we use is the common total residual probabilistic scoring method (log likelihood [LLH]). The LLH method provides a single score that can be used to weight GMMs in the Alaska seismic hazard model logic trees. To test logic branches in previous seismic hazard models, we evaluate GMM performance as a function of depth and we demonstrate that some GMMs show improved performance for earthquakes with focal depths greater than 50 km. Ten of the initial 15 candidate GMMs fit the observed ground motions and meet established criteria for inclusion in the next update of the Alaska seismic hazard model.
Statistical Seismology and Communication of the USGS Operational Aftershock Forecasts for the 30 November 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska, Earthquake
Authors: Michael Andrew J. , McBride Sara K. , Hardebeck Jeanne L. , Barall Michael , Martinez Eric , Page Morgan T. , van der Elst Nicholas , Field Edward H. , Milner Kevin R. , Wein Anne M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed a national capability for aftershock forecasting after significant earthquakes. Use of this capability began in August 2018, and the 30 November 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage, Alaska, earthquake provided the first opportunity to apply this capability to a damaging earthquake in an urban area of the United States of America and observe how the forecast was discussed in the media. During this sequence, the forecasts were issued by a seismologist using interactive software that implements the Reasenberg and Jones (1989) model as updated in Page et al. (2016). The forecasts are communicated with a tiered template that provides basic information first before providing a more detailed numerical forecast and are posted on the mainshock’s event page on the USGS earthquake program. Experience from the Anchorage sequence showed that the process worked well, and the first forecast was issued only 54 min after the mainshock occurred. Updates over the coming days, weeks, and months adapted the forecast model from the initial generic parameters for the seismotectonic region to Bayesian and sequence‐specific models. Media reports accurately reported the forecast, demonstrating that the forecast template was successful except for a few reports that incorrectly merged the probability of one or more events in a given time–magnitude window with the likely range of the number of events. Changes to the template have been made to prevent that confusion in the future. We also released a special report on the possible duration of the sequence to assist in the federal disaster declaration and assistance process. Both our standard forecasts and this special report would benefit from more rapid determination of a sequence‐specific decay rate.
ZORUNLU MALİ SORUMLULUK (TRAFİK) SİGORTASI GENEL ŞARTLARI İLE GETİRİLEN YENİLİKLER VE DEĞİŞİKLİKLER
Authors: ASLAN DÜZGÜN Ülgen 
Published: December 2019

Karayolları Motorlu Araçlar Zorunlu Mali Sorumluluk (Trafik)
Sigortası Genel Şartları, 14 Mayıs 2015 tarih ve 29355 Sayılı Resmi
Gazetede yayınlanarak 1 Haziran 2015 tarihinde yürürlüğe girmiştir.
Daha sonra 2 şubat2 ve 2 Ağustos 20163 tarihlerinde yapılan değişikliler
ile Karayolları Motorlu Araçlar Zorunlu Mali Sorumluluk (Trafik)
Sigortası Genel Şartlarına son şekli verilmiştir. Genel şartlar ile getirilen
bu değişiklikler ve özellikle destekten yoksun kalma taleplerine ilişkin
olanlar 2918 sayılı Karayolları Trafik Kanununda da değişiklik yapılmasını
gerektirmiştir. Bu bağlamda 2918 sayılı Karayolları Trafik Kanununda da
önemli değişiklikler yapılmıştır. Karayolları Motorlu Araçlar Zorunlu
Mali Sorumluluk (Trafik) Sigortası Genel Şartlarının bazı maddelerinin
iptali için Ankara Barosu tarafından açılan dava sonucunda da, Danıştay
15. Dairesi, 27 Haziran 2018 tarihinde oybirliğiyle bir takım maddelerin
iptaline karar vermiştir.
Çalışmamızda, anılan Tebliğ ve Kanun ile trafik sigortası alanında
yapılan değişiklikler ve getirilen yenilikler ele alınacaktır.
KATILIM BANKACILIĞI VE SUKUK UYGULAMALARI
Authors: ÜNLÜ Ufuk 
Published: December 2019

İslami bankacılık ya da faizsiz bankacılık olarak da adlandırılan katılım
bankacılığı, özellikle son dönemde finans sektörünün ve bankacılık
sisteminin hızla büyüyen ve gelişen bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Katılım
bankacılığı, yatırım faaliyetleri alanında olagelen alacaklı borçlu ilişkisi
yerine, varlığa dayalı işlem yapması ve daha çok risk paylaşımına yönelik
ortaklık ruhunu gözetmesi nedeniyle, bankacılık sisteminin algısını
olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Her geçen gün pazar payını artıran katılım
bankacılığı, müşterilerine çeşitli bankacılık enstrümanı alternatifleri
sunmaktadır. Söz konusu faizsiz faaliyetlerden biri de sukuktur. Sukuk,
gerçek bir varlık üzerinde mülkiyet hakkı sağlayarak bu varlıktan gelir
elde edebilmeyi sağlayan yatırım aracı olarak bilinir.
An analysis of recovery probability from high somatic cell counts in UK dairy cows
Authors: Archer Madeleine , Taylor Nicholas , Hanks James , Gadanakis Yiorgos 
Published: December 2019

This research used monthly milk recording data to explore how the probability of ‘recovery’ from high somatic cell count (SCC) is associated with different factors such as parity, stage of lactation, the magnitude of SCC and category of high SCC (e.g. new or chronic). The particular interest of this study was to identify the relative impacts of magnitude and category of high SCC on ‘recovery’, once the other factors were taken into account.
A high SCC (≥200 thousand cells/ml) is commonly associated with intra-mammary infection (IMI), one of the most economically important diseases faced by the dairy industry. High SCC is important in its own right because the bulk milk tank SCC is a determinant of the price farmers receive for their milk.
A high SCC may be transient, returning (‘recovering’) to low SCC at the next monthly milk recording. Better understanding of factors influencing the probability of ‘recovery’ from high SCC, could improve decision making on how to manage cows with high SCCs in the most effective manner to minimise both production loss and unnecessary interventions that may include antimicrobial use. In this study, different factors (SCC magnitude; category of high SCC, e.g. new or chronic; parity; and lactation stage) were analysed using a multilevel, mixed effect logistic regression model to assess the association with recovery probability. Data of 12,250 full lactation records from 499 milk-recorded UK dairy herds were used, from which 30,080 high SCC ‘cases’ were analysed.
In line with established evidence, increasing parity, increasing days in lactation and increasing magnitude of SCC are associated with decreased probability of recovery. The important result is that the category of high SCC is the most influential factor, with probability of recovery after two consecutive high SCC being around half or less the probability of recovery after just one high SCC. The results provide evidential support for category of high SCC to be used ahead of magnitude of SCC when advising farmers about prioritising high SCC cases for investigation and possible treatment, drying-off or culling.
Dairy herd management software companies should work with farmers and their advisors to ensure SCC data are presented in the most useful way, allowing easy interpretation and translation into the most effective interventions that can increase the efficiency of the dairy industry as well as avoiding needless or ineffectual interventions, that may include use of antimicrobials.
PENGARUH ABSENTEEISM DAN JOB ATTITUDE TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PERUSAHAAN LEASING DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Lukito Hendra , Utama M Kurnia 
Published: December 2019

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of absenteeism and job attitude on employee performance in leasing companies in Padang City, West Sumatra Province. Absenteeism defined as the absenteeism of employees from their work responsibility. Job attitude can be measured through job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The population was all employees who work at one of the leasing companies located in Padang. The sampling method used was saturated sampling (census). Research data was collected by distributing questionnaires to a total of 43 respondents. Data processing and analysis were performed using a multiple linear regression method run by SPSS version 22.0. The results of the study indicated that absenteeism has no significant effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction, as part of job attitude, had a significant effect on employee performance, while organizational commitment did not significantly affect performance.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PERHIMPUNAN BATIK INDONESIA SOKARAJA DALAM MEMBANGUN CITRA “KAMPUNG BATIK SOKARAJA”
Authors: Trifosa Sabrina Sesa , Wijaya Lina Sinatra 
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui strategi komunikasi dan peran yang dilakukan oleh Perhimpunan Batik Indonesia (PERBAIN) Sokaraja dalam membangun citra “Kampung Batik Sokaraja”. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kampung Batik Sokaraja, Kabupaten Banyumas, Jawa Tengah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan data kepustakaan. Strategi yang diterapkan Perhimpunan Batik Indonesia (PERBAIN) Sokaraja dalam membangun citra Kampung Batik Sokaraja yakni mengadakan workshop pelatihan kepada pengrajin batik dan masyarakat sekitar, merencanakan program jangka pendek dan panjang seperti mengadakan diskusi dan pengarahan, meluncurkan program inovasi batik, menjadikan kampung batik Sokaraja sebagai tempat wisata batik. Perhimpunan Batik Indonesia (PERBAIN) Sokaraja berperan sebagai communication technician dengan menyediakan layanan website dan Instagram untuk mengenalkan Kampung Batik Sokaraja, lalu sebagai expert preciber dalam memberdayakan Kampung Batik Sokaraja sebagai peningkatan ekonomi, kemudian sebagai communication facilitator dalam menggerakkan masyarakat untuk melestarikan batik Sokaraja, dan sebagai problem solver dengan membentuk forum curhat bisnis.
Caryophyllene-Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Stembark of Aglalia harmsiana and Their Cytotoxic Activity Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Milawati Hersa , Harneti Desi , Maharani Rani , Nurlelasari Nurlelasari , Hidayat Ace Tatang , Azmi Mohamad Nurul , Shiono Yoshihito , Supratman Unang 
Published: December 2019

Sesquiterpenoid is a class of terpenoid compounds that have the most abundant diversity of structures and biological activitiesthat can be found in natural resources. Tropical plants are main source of sesquiterpenoid compounds such as Aglaiagenus belong to Meliaceae family. A. harmsianais a species from Aglaiathat only has few previous researchs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to isolate and determine the structure of sesquiterpenoid compounds from stem barkA. harmsianaalong withtheir cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The isolation process begins by extracting powder from A. harmsianastembark using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. All extracts were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and n-hexane extractsshowed significant cytotoxic activitywith IC50values of 117.86 µg/mL. Therefore, n-hexane extracts were further separated and purified by various chromatographic techniquesto obtain compounds 1and 2. Compounds 1and 2were elucidated their chemical structures by spectroscopic methods includingIR, NMR, and MS as well as bycomparison of data with literatures and identified ascaryophyllene-typesesquiterpenoids, β-caryophylleneoxide (1) and senecrassidiol (2). Compounds 1and 2were submitted for cytotoxic eveluation on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and as a result, β-caryophyllene oxide (1) showed the stronger activity compared to senecrassidiol (2). These finding indicatedthat the cytotoxic activity of caryophyllene-typesesquiterpenoid areinfluenced by the presence of double bonds and configuration of methyl groups.