bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DUSP12 protects against hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury dependent on ASK1-JNK/p38 pathway in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Qiu Tao , Wang Tianyu , Zhou Jiangqiao , Chen Zhongbao , Zou Jilin , Zhang Long , Ma Xiaoxiong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Hepatic ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important risk factor resulting in liver failure during liver surgery. However, there is still lack of effective therapeutic methods to treat hepatic I/R injury. DUSP12 is a member of the dual specific phosphatase (DUSP) family. Some DUSPs have been identified as being involved in the regulation of hepatic I/R injury. However, the role of DUSP12 during hepatic I/R injury is still unclear. In the present study, we observed a significant decrease in DUSP12 expression in a hepatic I/R injury mouse model in vivo and in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model in vitro. Using hepatocyte-specific DUSP12 knockout mice and DUSP12 transgenic mice, we demonstrated that DUSP12 apparently relieved I/R-induced liver injury. Moreover, DUSP12 inhibited hepatic inflammatory responses and alleviated apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that JNK and p38 activity, but not ERK1/2, was increased in the DUSP12-deficient mice and decreased in the DUSP12 transgenic mice under I/R condition. ASK1 was required for DUSP12 function in hepatic I/R injury and inhibition of ASK1 prevented inflammation and apoptosis in DUSP12-deficient hepatocytes and mice. In conclusion, DUSP12 protects against hepatic I/R injury and related inflammation and apoptosis. This regulatory role of DUSP12 is primarily through ASK1-JNK/p38 signaling pathway. Taken together, DUSP12 could be a potential therapeutic target for hepatic I/R injury.
Antiepileptic effects of long-term intracerebroventricular infusion of angiotensin-(1-7) in an animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Gomes Karina Pereira , Braga Pedro Paulo Pereira , de Lima Claudio Quintino , Ghazale Poliana Peres , Pedrino Gustavo Rodrigues , Mendes Elizabeth Pereira , Pansani Aline Priscila , Xavier Carlos Henrique , Castro Carlos Henrique , Colugnati Diego Basile 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most frequent type of epilepsy and is often refractory to pharmacological treatment. In this scenario, extensive research has identified components of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) as potential therapeutic targets. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of long-term treatment with angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] in male Wistar rats with TLE induced by pilocarpine (PILO). Rats with TLE were submitted to intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of Ang-(1-7) (200 ng/kg/h) for 28 days, starting at the first spontaneous motor seizure (SMS). Body weight, food intake, and SMS were evaluated daily. Behavioral tests and hippocampal protein levels were also evaluated at the end of the treatment. Ang-(1-7) treatment reduced the frequency of SMS and attenuated low anxiety levels, increased locomotion/exploration, and reduced body weight gain that was induced by TLE. Moreover, Ang-(1-7) positively regulated the hippocampal levels of antioxidant protein catalase and antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), as well as mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation, which were reduced by TLE. The hippocampal up-regulation of angiotensin type 1 receptor induced by TLE was also attenuated by Ang-(1-7), while the Mas receptor (MasR) was down-regulated compared with epilepsy. These data show that Ang-(1-7) presents an antiepileptic effect, increasing neuroprotection markers and reducing SMS frequency, body weight, and behavior impairments found in TLE. Therefore, Ang-(1-7) is a promising coadjutant therapeutic option for the treatment of TLE.
Penicillin-Allergie – tödliche „Fake News“ in der Krankenakte?
Authors: Schulz-Stübner Sebastian 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Prävalenz von Penicillin-Allergien in der Krankenakte wird in der Literatur mit 8 – 12% angegeben und stellt die häufigste berichtete „Allergie“ dar. Allerdings wurden nicht verifizierte „Penicillin-Allergien“ in den vergangenen Jahren als ein zunehmendes Public-Health-Problem mit in der Folge ansteigender Dauer der Hospitalisierung, höheren Wiederaufnahmeraten, häufigerem Behandlungsversagen und vermehrten Aufnahmen auf der Intensivstation erkannt.
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Intermolecular C–H Carbonylation toward Amides
Authors: Xia Ji-Bao , Li Yan-Lin , Gu Zheng-Yang 
Published: August 2020

The amide linkage is one of the most important structural moieties in both chemistry and biology. Here, we briefly discuss recent advances in catalytic intermolecular C–H carbonylation reactions for the synthesis of amides, with particular attention to our intermolecular C–H amidation of arenes with carbon monoxide and organic azides to produce amides.1	Introduction2	Representative Methods for Amide Synthesis3	C–H Aminocarbonylation with Carbon Monoxide and Amines4	C–H Amidation to Amides with Carbon Monoxide and Azides5	Summary and Outlook
3-Amino-3-deoxy- and 4-amino-4-deoxyhexoses in the synthesis of natural carbohydrate compounds and their analogues
Authors: Tsvetkov Yury E. , Yudina Olga N. , Nifantiev Nikolay E. 
Published: August 2020

The review considers general methods for the preparation of 3-amino-3-deoxy- and 4-amino-4-deoxyhexoses and their derivatives, including nitromethane condensation, reduction of 3- and 4-hexosulose oximes, epoxide opening with an azide ion, and nucleophilic substitution of sulfonates. The use of amino sugars of this type in the synthesis of natural carbohydrate-containing compounds and their analogues, including aminoglycoside antibiotics, glycosidase inhibitors, substrate analogues and inhibitors of glycan biosynthesis, galectin inhibitors, etc. is described.
The bibliography includes 89 references.
Extensions of the space of continuous functions and embedding theorems
Authors: Gushchin A. K. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The machinery of

-dimensionally continuous functions is developed for the purpose of applying it to the Dirichlet problem for elliptic equations. With this extension of the space of continuous functions, new generalized definitions of classical and generalized solutions of the Dirichlet problem are given. Relations of these spaces of

-dimensionally continuous functions to other known function spaces are studied. This has led to a new construction (seemingly more successful and closer to the classical one) of

-dimensionally continuous functions, using which new properties of such spaces have been identified. The embeddings of the space

in

for

and

, and, in particular, in

are proved. Previously,

was shown to embed in

, which secures the

-dimensional continuity of generalized solutions. In the present paper, the more general embedding of

in

is verified and the corresponding exponents are shown to be sharp.
Bibliography: 33 titles.
Cultural and politico-religious challenges impacting critical reading of text for Iranian postgraduates in
Australia
Authors: Shokouhi Hossein , Zaini Amin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of cultural and politico-religious dominance on the practice of critical reading (CR)
of texts by a group of Iranian postgraduate students in Australia. Four postgraduate students were interviewed individually four times (each
time for reading one text) for critical understanding of two pairs of Persian texts, each with opposing viewpoints, on current
socio-political and nationalistic debates of Iran. They were then involved in a focus group discussion for further critique of each other’s
viewpoints. Findings indicate two major Persian constructs that influence CR: hefz-e zaaher ‘keeping up appearances’ and
ta’sob/gheyrat, approximating to ‘one’s honor combined with prejudice and bigotry’. Findings also reveal that
participants’ CR is contributed by heavy emotional attachment to nationalistic views engendered by Persian poetry. Chafe (1982), too, found that emotional attachment in appraising text was true with American English speakers.
Finally, the focus group discussion had a slight impact on encouraging CR. Overall, it seems that participants’ repositioned journeys in
Australia have influenced their perspective.
Une cause et ses raisons d’être Solution latine à un problème de terminologie
arabe
Authors: Sartori Manuel 
Published: August 2020

Résumé
Dans le domaine sémitique occidental, l’hébreu, le syriaque et l’arabe, la plus jeune des langues de ce groupe, partagent
des termes qui se présentent comme morphophonologiquement semblables et homonymes: respectivement ʿillah, ʿelltā et
ʿilla. Ce dernier, issu du précédent, possède deux significations en arabe, “maladie” d’une part et “cause” d’autre part.
Ce serait également le cas du terme grec aitía qui serait l’équivalent de ces termes sémitiques. Il est toutefois difficile
de relier ces deux significations l’une à l’autre, et l’explication classique pour l’arabe est de poser que la seconde dériverait de la
première. Cette étude s’attache à montrer que, contrairement à ce que certains avancent, non seulement le terme grec, mais également ses
équivalents syriaque et hébreu ne possèdent que le sens de “cause”. Elle propose par ailleurs de voir dans les termes syriaque et hébreu non
pas les descendants d’un proto-sémitique commun (rien de comparable n’étant à signaler en akkadien), mais le fruit vraisemblable d’un
emprunt fait au bas latin: là, le verbe īnfĕrō, “causer”, y a pour dérivés nominaux des termes en illāt-.
En conséquence, ce n’est pas tant le sens de “cause” qu’il s’agirait d’expliquer en arabe, mais bien plutôt celui de “maladie”, et,
contrairement à ce qui a été avancé, c’est certainement le sens de “cause” qui est premier et fondamental et non celui de “maladie”,
expliquant alors certainement son emploi en grammaire arabe.
The processing of passive sentences in German
Authors: Cristante Valentina , Schimke Sarah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study examines the processing and interpretation of passive sentences in German-speaking seven-year-olds,
ten-year-olds, and adults. This structure is often assumed to be particularly difficult to understand, and not yet fully mastered
in primary school (Kemp, Bredel, & Reich, 2008), i.e. in children aged between six
and eleven. Few studies provide empirical data concerning this age range; it is therefore unknown whether this assumption is
warranted. Against this background, we tested whether the three age groups differed in their off-line comprehension of passive
sentences. In addition, we employed Visual World eye-tracking to measure processing difficulties that may differ between age
groups and may not be reflected in the final interpretations. Previous studies on adult language processing in German and English
have documented a preference to interpret sentences according to an agent-first strategy. Our results show that
all three groups make use of this strategy, and that all of them are able to revise this interpretation once the first cue
indicating a passive sentence is encountered (the auxiliary verb form wurde). We conclude that at least from age
seven on, children have the linguistic and cognitive prerequisites to process the passive morphosyntax of German and to revise
initial sentence misinterpretations.
High potential for loss of permafrost landforms in a changing climate
Authors: Karjalainen Olli , Luoto Miska , Aalto Juha , Etzelmüller Bernd , Grosse Guido , Jones Benjamin M , Lilleøren Karianne S , Hjort Jan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The presence of ground ice in Arctic soils exerts a major effect on permafrost hydrology and ecology, and factors prominently into geomorphic landform development. As most ground ice has accumulated in near-surface permafrost, it is sensitive to variations in atmospheric conditions. Typical and regionally widespread permafrost landforms such as pingos, ice-wedge polygons, and rock glaciers are closely tied to ground ice. However, under ongoing climate change, suitable environmental spaces for preserving landforms associated with ice-rich permafrost may be rapidly disappearing. We deploy a statistical ensemble approach to model, for the first time, the current and potential future environmental conditions of three typical permafrost landforms, pingos, ice-wedge polygons and rock glaciers across the Northern Hemisphere. We show that by midcentury, the landforms are projected to lose more than one-fifth of their suitable environments under a moderate climate scenario (RCP4.5) and on average around one-third under a very high baseline emission scenario (RCP8.5), even when projected new suitable areas for occurrence are considered. By 2061–2080, on average more than 50% of the recent suitable conditions can be lost (RCP8.5). In the case of pingos and ice-wedge polygons, geographical changes are mainly attributed to alterations in thawing-season precipitation and air temperatures. Rock glaciers show air temperature-induced regional changes in suitable conditions strongly constrained by topography and soil properties. The predicted losses could have important implications for Arctic hydrology, geo- and biodiversity, and to the global climate system through changes in biogeochemical cycles governed by the geomorphology of permafrost landscapes. Moreover, our projections provide insights into the circumpolar distribution of various ground ice types and help inventory permafrost landforms in unmapped regions.
Strong-coupling charge density wave in monolayer TiSe2
Authors: Watson Matthew D , Rajan Akhil , Antonelli Tommaso , Underwood Kaycee , Marković Igor , Mazzola Federico , Clark Oliver J , Siemann Gesa-Roxanne , Biswas Deepnarayan , Hunter Andrew , Jandura Sven , Reichstetter Janika , McLaren Martin , Le Fèvre Patrick , Vinai Giovanni , King Philip D C 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We study the 2  ×  2 charge density wave (CDW) in epitaxially-grown monolayer TiSe2. Our temperature-dependent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements indicate a strong-coupling instability, but reveal how not all states couple equally to the symmetry-breaking distortion, with an electron pocket persisting to low temperature as a non-bonding state. We further show how the CDW order can be suppressed by a modest doping of around 0.06(2) electrons per Ti. Our results provide an opportunity for quantitative comparison with a realistic tight-binding model, which emphasises a crucial role of structural aspects of the phase transition in understanding the hybridisation in the ground state. Together, our work provides a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenology of the CDW in TiSe2 in the 2D limit.
Form-invariant solution to quantum state on the sphere
Authors: Lin De-Hone 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates the quantum states that emerge from the transformation design of conformal mapping on the two-dimensional sphere. Three results are reported. First, the construction of form-invariant spherical harmonics labelled by the fractional quantum number through a scalar potential interaction is given. Second, the form-invariant equation of the charge-monopole system is studied. Rather than the half-integer classification of the monopole harmonics, the quantization of the monopole harmonics here can be any fractional number specified by the conformal index. The gauge equivalent condition of the vector potentials which result in the invariant equation shows that the monopole field and the quantization condition of the pole strength due to Dirac can be generalized to more general vector fields and values in the conformal space. Finally, we explore the quadratic conformal image of the charged particle coupling to the constant monopole field on the sphere. It is shown that the lowest order approximation of the image is the magnetic Hooke-Newton transmutation.
Modelling and understanding battery materials with machine-learning-driven atomistic simulations
Authors: Deringer Volker L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The realistic computer modelling of battery materials is an important research goal, with open questions ranging from atomic-scale structure and dynamics to macroscopic phenomena. Quantum-mechanical methods offer high accuracy and predictive power in small-scale atomistic simulations, but they quickly reach their limits when complex electrochemical systems are to be studied—for example, when structural disorder or even fully amorphous phases are present, or when reactions take place at the interface between electrodes and electrolytes. In this Perspective, it is argued that emerging machine learning based interatomic potentials are promising tools for studying battery materials on the atomistic and nanometre length scales, affording quantum-mechanical accuracy yet being many orders of magnitude faster, and thereby extending the capabilities of current battery modelling methodology. Initial applications to solid-state electrolyte and anode materials in lithium-ion batteries are highlighted, and future directions and possible synergies with experiments are discussed.
The impact of delirium on outcomes for older adults hospitalised with COVID-19
Authors: Marengoni Alessandra , Zucchelli Alberto , Grande Giulia , Fratiglioni Laura , Rizzuto Debora 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Delirium is a frequent condition in hospitalized older patients and it usually has a negative prognostic value. A direct effect of SARS-COV-2 on the central nervous system (CNS) has been hypothesized.

Objective
To evaluate the presence of delirium in older patients admitted for a suspected diagnosis of COVID-19 and its impact on in-hospital mortality.

Setting and subjects
91 patients, aged 70-years and older, admitted to an acute geriatric ward in Northern Italy from March 8th to April 17th, 2020.

Methods
COVID-19 cases were confirmed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay for SARS-Cov-2 RNA from nasal and pharyngeal swabs. Delirium was diagnosed by two geriatricians according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V (DMS V) criteria. The number of chronic diseases was calculated among a pre-defined list of 60. The pre-disease Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) was assessed at hospital admission.

Results
Of the total sample, 39 patients died, 49 were discharged and 3 were transferred to ICU. Twenty-five patients (27.5%) had delirium. Seventy-two percent of patients with delirium died during hospitalization compared to 31.8% of those without delirium. In a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounders, patients with delirium were four times more likely to die during hospital stay compared to those without delirium (OR = 3.98;95%CI = 1.05–17.28; p = 0.047).

Conclusions
Delirium is common in older patients with COVID-19 and strongly associated with in-hospital mortality. Regardless of causation, either due to a direct effect of SARS-COV-2 on the CNS or to a multifactorial cause, delirium should be interpreted as an alarming prognostic indicator in older people.
Responding Effectively to Customer Feedback on Twitter: A Mixed Methods Study of Webcare Styles
Authors: Fuoli Matteo , Clarke Isobelle , Wiegand Viola , Ziezold Hendrik , Mahlberg Michaela 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSocial media offer an unprecedented opportunity for companies to interact more closely with customers and market their products and services. But social media also present reputational risks as negative word-of-mouth can spread more quickly and widely through these platforms than ever before. This study investigates how companies respond to customer complaints on Twitter. We propose an innovative mixed methods approach (i) to identify the key features that mark the styles used by a sample of companies in their replies to customers and (ii) to determine the most effective strategies for responding to complaints. Our results reveal that an affective style, expressed through devices such as stance markers, emphatics, and amplifiers, elicits the most positive response from complainants, regardless of the formality of the message. The study advances our understanding of the features and effects of corporate social media discourse. It also provides business communication practitioners with linguistically grounded insights that can inform the development of appropriate strategies for dealing with negative word-of-mouth online.
Genetic diversity and structure of the hedgehogsErinaceus europaeusandErinaceus roumanicus: evidence for ongoing hybridization in Eastern Europe
Authors: Zolotareva Katerina I , Belokon Mariana M , Belokon Yuri S , Rutovskaya Marina V , Hlyap Ludmila A , Starykov Vladimir P , Politov Dmitry V , Lebedev Vladimir S , Bannikova Anna A 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSecondary contact zones between related species are key to understanding speciation mechanisms. The Central European sympatry zone of West European (Erinaceus europaeus) and northern white-breasted (Erinaceus roumanicus) hedgehogs is well studied, whereas data on the Eastern European sympatry zone are scarce. We examined the genetic variation in Russian populations using the mitochondrial Cytb gene, TTR intron 1 and 11 microsatellites to assess genetic variability and distribution patterns. In contrast to the Central European sympatry zone, we found evidence of ongoing hybridization between the two species in the sympatry zone of European Russia, where the proportion of individuals with mixed ancestry was c. 20%. Our data indicate bi-directional mtDNA introgression, but with a higher frequency of E. europaeus haplotypes in hybrids. The proportion of pure specimens with introgressed mitotypes is higher in E. roumanicus than in E. europaeus. Nuclear data showed the prevalence of the genetic contribution from E. roumanicus in admixed individuals. Demographic analyses indicated recent population growth in E. europaeus and little change in E. roumanicus, suggesting that E. europaeus colonized East Europe later than E. roumanicus.