bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of exposure to metals with the risk of hypertension among an older population aged 40–75 years in rural southwest China
Authors: Wang He , Li Xiaomeng , Li Ren jia , Yan Jiuming , Lan Zhen , Chen Jinyao , Zhang Lishi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMetal exposure has recently been related to the risk of hypertension. However, the association remains unclear and relevant epidemiologic studies are limited. The present study aimed to assess the associations between exposure to metals and the odds of hypertension, as well as blood pressure (BP) levels. A total of 816 participants were enrolled in southwestern China. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP (SBP) of ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP (DBP) of ≥90 mmHg, a self‐reported physician diagnosis, or current use of antihypertensive medication. Blood samples were used to detect the levels of exposure to metals, ie, magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb). Logistic and linear regression models were used to assess the potential associations. The results show that positive trends for elevated odds of hypertension with increasing quartiles of Fe in a polluted area; and of Mg, Ca and Cu in an unpolluted area. Compared with those in the lowest quartiles, participants in the highest quartiles of Fe, Mg and Ca had 2.7‐, 9.0‐ and 5.1‐fold increased odds of hypertension, respectively. High blood Fe and Pb levels in the Cd‐polluted area, and Mg and Fe in the unpolluted area were found to be related to increasing SBP and DBP levels. Our findings suggest that exposure to Fe and/or Pb in the polluted area; and Mg, Ca and Fe in the unpolluted area might increase the risk of hypertension or elevate BP levels.
Molecular biomarkers of cantharidin‐induced cardiotoxicity in Sprague‐Dawley rats: Troponin T, vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia inducible factor‐1α
Authors: Youyou Zhang , Yalei Yu , Jie Zhang , Chuhuai Guan , Liang Liu , Liang Ren 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEarly diagnosis of cantharidin‐induced myocardial injury is the key to reduce the fatality rate in clinical practice. The purpose of the present study was to explore biomarkers that can be used for the prediction and diagnosis of cantharidin‐induced myocardial injury. Of 65 male Sprague‐Dawley rats weighing 200‐230 g, 25 rats were divided into five groups according to the administration dose of cantharidin (0, 1.34, 2.67, 4 and 5.34 mg/kg; n = 5 per group) and the other 40 rats were treated with 2.67 mg/kg cantharidin and divided into nine groups according to the administration time (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours; n = 4 per group). Pathological changes of hypoxia, necrosis and inflammation were confirmed in heart samples that were exposed to cantharidin by hematoxylin‐eosin staining and overall scores of pathological changes among heart samples in cantharidin exposure groups showed an increasing trend compared with in the control group. Coexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) and caspase9 was shown in the myocardium by immunofluorescence staining. Western blotting results showed that expression of VEGF, HIF‐1α and caspase9 in cantharidin‐treated rat hearts showed an increasing trend compared with in the control group. Results of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay suggested that plasma levels of troponin T (TN‐T), VEGF and HIF‐1α were elevated at different intervals after cantharidin administration, and VEGF and HIF‐1α had a significant linear relationship with TN‐T that was verified by multiple linear regression analysis. Preliminary results serve to illustrate that TN‐T, VEGF and HIF‐1α might be valuable molecular markers in cantharidin‐induced myocardial injury and that diagnostic accuracy needs to be studied further.
Small animal irradiator dose distribution verification using radioluminescence imaging
Authors: Spinelli Antonello E. , D'Agostino Emilano , Broggi Sara , Claudio Fiorino , Boschi Federico 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe main objective of this work was the development of a novel 2D dosimetry approach for small animal external radiotherapy using radioluminescence imaging (RLI) with a commercial complementary metal oxide semiconductor detector. Measurements of RLI were performed on the small animal image‐guided platform SmART, RLI data were corrected for perspective distortion using Matlab. Four irradiation fields were tested and the planar 2D dose distributions and dose profiles were compared against dose calculations performed with a Monte Carlo based treatment planning system and gafchromic film. System linearity and RLI image noise against dose were also measured. The maximum difference between beam size measured with RLI and nominal beam size was less than 8% for all the tested beams. The image correction procedure was able to reduce perspective distortion. A novel RLI approach for quality assurance of a small animal irradiator was presented and tested. Results are in agreement with MC dose calculations and gafchromic film measurements.
The Effect of Plasma Lipids and Lipid-Lowering Interventions on Bone Mineral Density: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zheng Jie , Brion Marie-Jo , Kemp John P , Warrington Nicole M , Borges Maria-Carolina , Hemani Gibran , Richardson Tom G , Rasheed Humaira , Qiao Zhen , Haycock Philip , Ala-Korpela Mika , Davey Smith George , Tobias Jon H , Evans David M 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Several epidemiological studies have reported a relationship between statin treatment and increased bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced fracture risk, but the mechanism underlying the purported relationship is unclear. We used Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess whether this relationship is explained by a specific effect in response to statin use or by a general effect of lipid lowering. We utilized 400 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) robustly associated with plasma lipid levels as exposure. The outcome results were obtained from a heel estimated BMD (eBMD) genomewide association study (GWAS) from the UK Biobank and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) BMD at four body sites and fracture GWAS from the GEFOS consortium. We performed univariate and multivariable MR analyses of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride levels on BMD and fracture. Univariate MR analyses suggested a causal effect of LDL-C on eBMD (β = −0.06; standard deviation change in eBMD per standard deviation change in LDL-C, 95% confidence interval [CI] = –0.08 to −0.04; p = 4 × 10−6), total body BMD (β = −0.05, 95% CI = –0.08 to −0.01, p = 6 × 10−3) and potentially on lumbar spine BMD. Multivariable MR suggested that the effects of LDL-C on eBMD and total body BMD were independent of HDL-C and triglycerides. Sensitivity MR analyses suggested that the LDL-C results were robust to pleiotropy. MR analyses of LDL-C restricted to SNPs in the HMGCR region showed similar effects on eBMD (β = −0.083; −0.132 to −0.034; p = .001) to those excluding these SNPs (β = −0.063; −0.090 to −0.036; p = 8 × 10−6). Bidirectional MR analyses provided some evidence for a causal effect of eBMD on plasma LDL-C levels. Our results suggest that effects of statins on eBMD and total body BMD are at least partly due to their LDL-C lowering effect. Further studies are required to examine the potential role of modifying plasma lipid levels in treating osteoporosis. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Teneligliptin inhibits IL‐1β‐induced degradation of extracellular matrix in human chondrocytes
Authors: Gao Feng , Wang Yanbing , Wu Minfei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe mechanisms driving the pathologic progression of osteoarthritis (OA) have not yet to be fully elucidated. Excessive and irreversible breakdown of the extracellular matrix is the main hallmark of OA. Inhibitors of DPP‐4 have been widely used for over a decade as a treatment for type‐2 diabetes, but the promising function of DPP‐4 inhibitors in chronic inflammatory diseases has only begun to receive attention. Here, we treated human chondrocytes with interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) with or without teneligliptin to assess the role of DPP‐4 in the enzyme‐driven reduction of type II collagen. Treatment with teneligliptin significantly reduced IL‐1β‐induced expression of tumor necrosis factor α, IL‐6, and IL‐8, generation of reactive oxygen species, increase in metalloproteinase 3 (MMP‐3) and MMP‐13, reduction of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP‐1) and TIMP‐2, release of lactate dehydrogenase, and activation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase p38 and nuclear factor κB intracellular signaling pathways, among other things. These findings demonstrate that treatment with teneligliptin may act as a novel therapy to slow or halt disease progression in patients with OA.
IRX5 prompts genomic instability in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Sun Xun , Jiang Xinying , Wu Jianzhong , Ma Rong , Wu Yiqi , Cao Haixia , Wang Zhuo , Liu Siwen , Zhang Junying , Wu Yang , Zhang Yuan , Feng Jifeng , Wang Ting 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Iroquois homeobox gene 5 (IRX5), one of the members of the Iroquois homeobox family, has been identified to correlate with worse prognosis in many cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, upregulation of IRX5 revealed a great reduction in the proliferation of CRC colorectal cancer cell line SW480 and DLD‐1, which was accompanied by G1/S arrest, increased expression in cyclin E1, P21, and P53 and a decrease in cyclin A2, B1, and D1. Furthermore, IRX5‐mediated an increase expression of RH2A protein, the biomarker of DNA damage. Consequently, the SA‐β‐gal level is higher in IRX5‐overexpression cells compared to control ones, which showed elevated DNA damage triggered cellular senescence. Recapitulating the above findings, IRX5 exhibited higher levels of genomic instability. IRX5 may be a perspective target for cancer therapy and it deserves further investigation.
Screening and identification of serum biomarkers of osteoarticular tuberculosis based on mass spectrometry
Authors: Chen Ximeng , Jia Xingwang , Lei Hong , Wen Xinyu , Hao Yanfei , Ma Yating , Ye Jingyun , Wang Chengbin , Gao Jimin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn view of the current difficulty of clinically diagnosing osteoarticular tuberculosis, our aim was to use mass spectrometry to establish diagnostic models and to screen and identify serum proteins which could serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of osteoarticular tuberculosis.MethodsMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) was used to select an osteoarticular tuberculosis‐specific serum peptide profile and establish diagnostic models. Further, liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) was used to identify potential serum biomarkers that could be used for auxiliary diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis, and then clinical serum samples were used to verify these biomarkers by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsWe established four diagnostic models that can distinguish osteoarticular tuberculosis from rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarticular infections, and healthy adults. The models were osteoarticular tuberculosis‐rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarticular tuberculosis‐ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarticular tuberculosis‐osteoarticular infections, and osteoarticular tuberculosis‐healthy adult, and their accuracy was 76.78%, 79.02%, 83.77%, and 88.16%, respectively. Next, we selected and identified 18 proteins, including complement factor H‐related protein 1 (CFHR1) and complement factor H‐related protein 2 (CFHR2), which were upregulated in the tuberculosis group only.ConclusionsWe successfully established four diagnostic models involving osteoarticular tuberculosis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarticular infections, and healthy adults. Furthermore, we found that CFHR1 and CFHR2 may be two valuable auxiliary diagnostic indicators for osteoarticular tuberculosis. These results provide reference values for rapid and accurate diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis.
Physical activity trajectories, mortality, hospitalization, and disability in the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging
Authors: Sanchez‐Sanchez Juan Luis , Izquierdo Mikel , Carnicero‐Carreño Jose Antonio , García‐García Fransico José , Rodríguez‐Mañas Leocadio 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundPhysical activity (PA) is a recognized contributor to healthy aging. However, the majority of studies exploring its associations with adverse outcomes in cohorts of older adults use single‐time PA estimates, which do not consider its dynamic nature. The aim of the present study is to explore the presence of different PA trajectories in the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging and their association with adverse outcomes. Our hypothesis is that prospectively maintaining or increasing PA is associated with a reduced risk of adverse outcomes.MethodsWe used data from 1679 participants enrolled in the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging. Trajectories based on the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly were identified using group‐based trajectory modelling. Cox and logistic regression were used to investigate associations between PA trajectories and mortality and hospitalization, and incident and worsening disability, respectively. Mortality was ascertained by linkage to the Spanish National Death Index; disability was evaluated through the Katz Index; and hospitalization was defined as the first admission to Toledo Hospital. Models were adjusted by age, sex, smoking, Charlson Index, education, cognitive impairment, polypharmacy, and Katz Index at Wave 2.ResultsWe found four PA‐decreasing and one PA‐increasing trajectories: high PA‐consistent (n = 566), moderate PA‐mildly decreasing (n = 392), low PA‐increasing (n = 237), moderate PA‐consistent (n = 191), and low PA‐decreasing (n = 293). Belonging to the high PA‐consistent trajectory group was associated with reduced risks of mortality as compared with the low PA‐decreasing group [hazard ratio (HR) 1.68; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.21–2.31] and hospitalization compared with the low PA‐increasing and low PA‐decreasing trajectory groups (HR 1.24; 95% CI = 1.004–1.54 and HR 1.25; 95% CI = 1.01–1.55, respectively) and with lower rates of incident [odds ratio (OR) 3.14; 95% CI = 1.59–6.19] and worsening disability (OR 2.16; 95% CI = 1.35–3.45) in relation to the low PA‐decreasing trajectory group and at follow‐up. Increasing PA during late life (low PA‐increasing group) was associated with lower incident disability rates (OR 0.38; 95% CI = 0.19–0.82) compared with decreasing PA (low PA‐decreasing group), despite similar baseline PA.ConclusionsOur results suggest that sustaining higher PA levels during aging might lead to healthy aging, characterized by a reduction in adverse outcomes. Our study supports the need for enhancing PA participation among older populations, with the goal of reducing personal and economic burden in a worldwide aging population.
Preparation of a novel hydrophobic interaction chromatography with higher selectivity by introducing spatial recognition
Authors: Shi Wei , Zhang Si‐Qi , Li Kai‐Bin , Deng Ye‐Jing , Wang Chen‐Yi , Lu Yi‐Ting , Liu Jiao‐Jiao , Han De‐Man 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDHydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC), as a typical separation technology, often suffers from low selectivity because it has a single interaction mode. Herein, a novel HIC resin (Octyl@BSA) with imprinted layer was synthesized and used for protein adsorption. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and bovine serum γ‐globulin (bIgG) were used as model competitive proteins in this study. The effects of pH, salt type, concentration, and mass ratio were then investigated.RESULTSThe data from the static and dynamic adsorption experiments indicated that the introduction of spatial recognition effectively reduced the adsorption of competitive proteins, leading to significant improvements in selectivity. In comparison with raw HIC resin, Octyl@BSA retained a high binding capacity for BSA but rejected other proteins through spatial recognition. The maximum selectivity factors (α) of this resin may be close to 5. The adsorption kinetics and frontal adsorption experiments further confirmed the improvement in selectivity in batch and column mode. In addition, the recyclability of Octyl@BSA was tested using ten continuous BSA adsorption–desorption cycles.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that the introduction of spatial recognition was an effective strategy for enhancing the advantage of target proteins during competitive adsorption, leading to an improvement in selectivity for HIC. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Vestibular migraine without headache treated with lomerizine: A 35‐year‐old woman undiagnosed for 10 years
Authors: Maita Hiroki , Kobayashi Tadashi , Akimoto Takashi , Osawa Hiroshi , Kato Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA 35‐year‐old woman presented with recurrent vertigo without headache, which had persisted for 10 years. Detailed medical history revealed that she experienced hearing loss, tinnitus, nausea, photophobia, phonophobia, and slight discomfort in the head during vertigo attacks, which often led to absence from work. Based on the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, third edition, she was diagnosed with vestibular migraine and was prescribed lomerizine, as prophylaxis. Her symptoms markedly improved, enabling her to go to work. Accurate diagnosis and treatment are important for improving the quality of life of patients, since vestibular migraine is commonly underdiagnosed.
Clinical features of chronic hepatitis B patients with low hepatitis B surface antigen levels and determinants of hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance
Authors: Taniguchi Hideaki , Iwasaki Yoshiaki , Aimi Masahito , Shimazaki Gaku , Moriya Akio 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and AimA low hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) level is reported to be predictive of future HBsAg seroclearance. A hospital‐based cohort study was conducted to clarify the clinical features of patients with low HBsAg levels and to demonstrate the usefulness of low HBsAg levels for predicting HBsAg seroclearance.MethodsA total of 1459 patients with chronic hepatitis B were included in the study. Of these, 587 had repeated measurements for HBsAg levels and two or more records of HBsAg‐positive results. HBsAg levels were measured with a commercially available HBsAg assay. Based on a cut‐off index (COI) of 2000, a high HBsAg level was defined as HBsAg ≥2000 COI, and a low HBsAg level was defined as HBsAg <2000 COI.ResultsThe proportion of patients with low HBsAg levels at baseline tended to increase with age. Patients with low HBsAg levels at baseline had significantly older age, lower transaminase levels, and lower hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels than those with high HBsAg levels. The annual HBsAg seroclearance rate was 1.30%/year. The cumulative incidences of HBsAg seroclearance differed significantly by HBsAg level at baseline (<2000 vs ≥2000 COI), age (≥50 vs <50 years), and HBV DNA level (<4.0 vs ≥4.0 log copies/mL). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that low HBsAg level (<2000 COI) and low HBV DNA level (<4.0 log copies/mL) were significantly associated with HBsAg seroclearance.ConclusionAging was one of the factors affecting HBsAg level. HBsAg seroclearance was significantly associated with low HBsAg level and low HBV DNA level at baseline.
Prediction of complexity and complications of laparoscopic liver surgery: The comparison of the Halls‐score to the IWATE‐score in 100 consecutive laparoscopic liver resections
Authors: Tripke Verena , Huber Tobias , Mittler Jens , Lang Hauke , Heinrich Stefan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe development of laparoscopic liver surgery is slower than in other disciplines. Two different scoring systems have been proposed to estimate difficulty of laparoscopic liver resections (LLR) preoperatively. The aim of this analysis was to compare these two scores in an independent patient cohort regarding the predictability of morbidity.MethodsAll LLRs performed between 01/2011 until 01/2019 were identified from our prospective institutional database. Patient characteristics as well as intra‐ and postoperative data were analyzed. Postoperative complications were graded according to Dindo‐Clavien classification. Difficulty of LLR was classified using IWATE‐ and Halls‐score.ResultsWe identified 100 LLR, of which 13 were performed in liver cirrhosis. Conversion rate was 4%, postoperative complications (≥°III) occurred in 10% of the patients, and two patients died within 90 days. Higher difficulty levels were associated with higher intraoperative blood loss (P < .001 and P = .002), longer duration of surgery (both P < .001) and hospital stay (P = .012 and P = .033) for the Halls‐ and IWATE‐scores, respectively. ROC curve analysis revealed better performance for the Halls‐ than for the IWATE‐score regarding morbidity as well as for mortality.ConclusionsThe IWATE‐ and the Halls‐score correlate well with postoperative morbidity. The Halls‐score predicted postoperative morbidity and mortality slightly better than the IWATE‐score.
How do the questions asked affect suspects' perceptions of the interviewer's prior knowledge?
Authors: Srivatsav Meghana , Luke Timothy J. , Granhag Pär Anders , Vrij Aldert 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to understand if guilty suspects' perceptions regarding the prior information or evidence held by the interviewer against the suspect could be influenced through the content of the investigative questions. To test this idea, we explored three question‐phrasing factors that we labeled as topic discussion (if a specific crime‐related topic was discussed or not), specificity (different levels of crime‐related details included in the questions), and stressor (emphasis on the importance of the specific crime‐related detail in the questions). The three factors were chosen based on relevance theory, a psycholinguistic theory that explores how people draw inferences from the communicated content. Participants (N = 370) assumed the role of the suspect and read a crime narrative and an interview transcript based on the suspect's activities. After reading the narrative and the transcripts, participants responded to scales that measured their perception of interviewer's prior knowledge (perceived interviewer knowledge [PIK]) regarding the suspects' role in the crime, based on the questions posed by the interviewer in the transcripts. Of the three factors tested, we found that questioning about a specific crime‐related topic (topic discussion) increased their PIK. This study is the first to explore the underlying mechanisms of how suspects draw inferences regarding the interviewer's prior knowledge through the content of the investigative questions adopting concepts of psycholinguistic theory.