bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Piece‐wise control of constant electromagnetic moments for spacecraft self‐ and soft‐docking exploiting dynamics conservation
Authors: Zhang Yuan‐wen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInter‐spacecraft electromagnetic proximity operation has many potential advantages, such as no propellant consumption and plume contamination, while providing high‐precision, continuous, reversible, synchronous, and non‐contacting control capability. In addition, with constant magnetic moment actuation, the inter‐spacecraft electromagnetic force is, in essence, a kind of conservative force and has dynamics conservation. This yields specific and targeted evolvement laws of relative motion among these actuated magnetic dipoles. Exploiting these properties, spacecraft self‐ and soft‐docking could be achieved with proper piece‐wise constant magnetic moments design, which not only improves control precision, but also reduces the demand of relative motion measurement and simplifies docking controller design. Aiming at electromagnetic spacecraft self‐ and soft‐docking controller design, this paper uses dynamic modeling and dynamics conservation analysis to derive the specific evolvement laws of relative motion between the actuated magnetic dipoles first, and then utilize these laws and corresponding dynamics conservation to design the piece‐wise constant electromagnetic moments.
Illusory trust: Kanizsa shapes incidentally increase trust and willingness to invest
Authors: Erle Thorsten M. , Zürn Michael K. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPrevious research has shown that the completion of basic perceptual processes is intrinsically pleasant. In the absence of diagnostic and objective cues to trustworthiness, nondiagnostic factors such as positive affect can incidentally lead to reported and behavioral trust. On the basis of these two premises, it was tested whether positive affect from the completion of perceptual processes has implications for the formation of trust in first‐time business‐consumer interactions. We tested this hypothesis in four experiments, using the famous Kanizsa illusion as an exemplary perceptual process that has been shown to trigger positive affect. We found that participants trusted companies who featured a Kanizsa shape as their logo more than companies with closely matched logos that did not allow for the completion of a basic perceptual process. This was evident on self‐reported (Experiment 1) as well as behavioral (Experiments 2–4) measures of trust. This effect even persisted under incentivized conditions (Experiment 4) and was partially mediated by the intrinsic pleasantness of perception (Experiment 3). These findings for the first time demonstrate that positive affect is not the only consequence of perception, but rather has further trickle‐down consequences for social judgments and economic decision making. Perceptual illusions seem to elicit illusory trust. Therefore, these novel findings bear important implications not only for both logo design and marketing but also for consumer decision making.
Label‐free, chronological and selective detection of aggregation and fibrillization of amyloid β protein in serum by microcantilever sensor immobilizing cholesterol‐incorporated liposome
Authors: Taniguchi Tomoya , Shimanouchi Toshinori , Sohgawa Masayuki , Noda Minoru 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTo facilitate the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment patients, we developed a cantilever‐based microsensor that immobilized liposomes of various phospholipids to detect a trace amount of amyloid β (Aβ) protein, and investigated its aggregation and fibrillization on model cell membranes in human serum. Three species of liposomes composed of different phospholipids of 1,2‐dipalmtoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DPPC), DPPC/phosphatidyl ethanolamine and 1,2‐dipalmitoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphorylglycerol having varied hydrophilic groups were applied, which showed different chronological interactions with Aβ(1–40) protein and varied sensitivities of the cantilever sensor, depending on their specific electrostatic charged conditions, hydrophilicity, and membrane fluidity. 1,2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DMPC) having short hydrophobic carbon chains confirmed to show a large interaction with Aβ(1–40) and a high sensitivity. Furthermore, the incorporation of cholesterol into DMPC was effective to selectively detect Aβ(1–40) in human serum, which effect was also checked by quartz crystal microbalance. Finally, Aβ detection of 100‐pM order was expected selectively in the serum by using the developed biosensor.
Surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: operating room suggestions from an international Delphi process
Authors:   Welsh Surgical Research Initiative (WSRI) Collaborative, Williams Alexander , Beamish Andrew J , Brown Christopher , Robinson David , Harper Elizabeth Ryan , Mellor Katie , Hopkins Luke , Luton Oliver , James Osian , Harries Rhiannon L , Thomas Rhys , Egan Richard J , Lewis Sophie , Abdelrahman Tarig , Evans Thomas , Lewis Wyn G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Operating room (OR) practice during the COVID-19 pandemic is driven by basic principles, shared experience and nascent literature. This study aimed to identify the knowledge needs of the global OR workforce, and characterize supportive evidence to establish consensus.

Methods
A rapid, modified Delphi exercise was performed, open to all stakeholders, informed via an online international collaborative evaluation.

Results
The consensus exercise was completed by 339 individuals from 41 countries (64·3 per cent UK). Consensus was reached on 71 of 100 statements, predominantly standardization of OR pathways, OR staffing and preoperative screening or diagnosis. The highest levels of consensus were observed in statements relating to appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and risk distribution (96–99 per cent), clear consent processes (96 per cent), multidisciplinary decision-making and working (97 per cent). Statements yielding equivocal responses predominantly related to technical and procedure choices, including: decontamination (40–68 per cent), laminar flow systems (13–61 per cent), PPE reuse (58 per cent), risk stratification of patients (21–48 per cent), open versus laparoscopic surgery (63 per cent), preferential cholecystostomy in biliary disease (48 per cent), and definition of aerosol-generating procedures (19 per cent).

Conclusion
High levels of consensus existed for many statements within each domain, supporting much of the initial guidance issued by professional bodies. However, there were several contentious areas, which represent urgent targets for investigation to delineate safe COVID-19-related OR practice.
A new HPLC–DAD method for contemporary quantification of 10 antibiotics for therapeutic drug monitoring of critically ill pediatric patients
Authors: Cairoli Sara , Simeoli Raffaele , Tarchi Marco , Dionisi Marco , Vitale Alessia , Perioli Luana , Dionisi‐Vici Carlo , Goffredo Bianca Maria 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe common practice of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) involves the quantification of drug plasma concentrations at a specific time in a dosing window. Although TDM for antibiotics is not considered mandatory, it may represent a valid tool for clinicians in order to limit antibiotic resistance and avoid therapeutic failures. The aim of our study was to develop and validate a high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection method for simultaneous quantification of 10 antibiotics in plasma. This method has a fast analytical procedure that uses the same chromatographic conditions to quantify ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, meropenem, ertapenem, ciprofloxacin, tigecycline, ampicillin, levofloxacin and piperacillin, plus the β‐lactamase inhibitor tazobactam. Method validation was ensured by testing selectivity, accuracy, precision, limits of detection and quantification, recovery and stability. The calibration ranges, established accordingly to the expected plasma concentration in patients, showed a coefficient of determination >0.996 for all compounds. Within‐ and between‐days precisions reported a coefficient of variation >15%. Similarly, the accuracy evaluation reported a relative standard deviation of <10% for each antibiotic. The recovery ranged between 97 and 103% for all compounds. This method could represent a useful tool for TDM of antibiotics.
Rapid identification of chemical composition and metabolites of Pingxiao Capsulein vivousing molecular networking and untargeted data‐dependent tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Dong , Fu Zhifei , Xing Yanchao , Tan Yao , Han Lifeng , Yu Haiyang , Wang Tao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPingxiao capsule (PXC) is a herbal medicine used for adjuvant therapy in breast cancer. However, the constituents and absorbed components of the formula and their related metabolites have not been elucidated to date. PXC is a typical traditional Chinese medicine formula consisting ofStrychnos nux‐vomicaL.,Curcuma wenyujinY. H.,Agrimonia pilosaLedeb.,Toxicodendron vernicifluum,Trogopterusdung, alumen, potassium nitrate (saltpeter) andCitrus aurantiumL. In this study, a ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography system equipped with high resolution Q‐Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS) and comparative Global Natural Product Social molecular networking together with the Compound Discoverer software were used to identify metabolites of PXCin vitroandin vivo.Based on untargeted data‐dependent MS2and data‐mining techniques, 89 peaks of alkaloids, flavonoids, organic acid and phenolic compounds were identified in a PXC 70% methanol extract. Furthermore, 15 absorbed prototype compounds and their metabolites were rapidly confirmed in rat blood. Glucuronidation, oxidation, methylation and hydroxylation were the main metabolic pathways. We fully clarified the chemical constituents of PXC and provided a scientific and efficient strategy for rapid discovery and identification of prototypes and their metabolites in rat plasma using high‐resolution MS aided by Global Natural Product Social and Compound Discoverer software.
Lateralization of facial emotion processing and facial paresis in Vestibular Schwannoma patients
Authors: Blom Stephanie S. A. H. , Aarts Henk , Kunst Henricus P. M. , Wever Capi C. , Semin Gün R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates whether there exist differences in lateralization of facial emotion processing in patients suffering from Vestibular Schwannoma (VS) based on the presence of a facial paresis and their degree of facial functioning as measured by the House Brackmann Grading scale (HBG).MethodsForty‐four VS patients, half of them with a facial paresis and half of them without a facial paresis, rated how emotive they considered images of faces showing emotion in the left versus right visual field. Stimuli consisted of faces with a neutral half and an emotional (happy or angry) half. The study had a mixed design with emotional expression (happy vs. angry) and emotional half (left vs. right visual field) of the faces as repeated measures, and facial paresis (present vs. absent) and HBG as between subjects’ factors. The visual field bias was the main dependent variable.ResultsIn line with typical findings in the normal population, a left visual field bias showed in the current sample: patients judged emotional expressions shown in the left visual field as more emotive than those shown in the right visual field. No differences in visual field bias showed based on the presence of a facial paresis nor based on patients’ HBG.ConclusionVS patients show a left visual field bias when processing facial emotion. No differences in lateralization showed based on the presence of a facial paresis or on patients’ HBG. Based on this study, facial paresis thus does not affect the lateralization of facial emotion processing in patients with VS.
Citric acid as a green additive to retard calcium carbonate scales on process equipment
Authors: Prisciandaro Marina , Mazziotti di Celso Giuseppe , Lancia Amedeo , Musmarra Dino , Karatza Despina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the retarding effect of a green additive, citric acid, towards calcium carbonate scale deposition is studied. Scale formation is one of the most common causes of malfunctions in process equipment. This is the reason it is crucial to retard scale precipitation, that is, in order to reduce economic damages. With this additive in the solution, experimental runs have been carried out in supersaturation conditions in terms of concentration of calcium carbonate at equilibrium, with a supersaturation ratio ranging from 16 to 280, at 25°C. Three different concentrations of citric acid have been investigated (0.520 × 10−3, 1.041 × 10−3 and 1.561 × 10−3 M) in a laboratory scale plant. Comparing results obtained in terms of induction time with previous experimental runs, performed without additives, citric acid has shown its significant capacity to retard calcium carbonate precipitation, by increasing induction time values. This behaviour is enhanced by raising the additive concentration in solution up to a specific threshold value, beyond which no benefit in terms of calcium scale inhibition is gained. Furthermore, interfacial tension has been computed without and with citric acid at 0.520 × 10−3 and 1.041 × 10−3 M, as a function of the different concentration amounts investigated. The values obtained are in good agreement with data reported in the literature.
Cloud‐assisted elliptic curve password authenticated key exchange protocol for wearable healthcare monitoring system
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Gong Liheng , Yang Jingjing , Zhang Xiao 
Published: May 2020

SummaryWearable devices (WDs) adopting advanced microsensors and IoT technology are facing severe security risks in the process of building wearable healthcare monitoring system. In particular, new requirements are proposed for the security of the identity authentication and key agreement protocol as well as the consumption of computing resources for WDs, such as replay attack, modification attack, server‐spoofing attack, privileged‐insider attack, and denial‐of‐service attack. To satisfy such requirements, cloud‐assisted EC password authenticated key exchange (CEPAK), an identity dynamic authentication and key agreement protocol, is proposed, and it uses a cloud‐assisted authentication service and elliptic curve algorithm. The capability of CEPAK protocol is analyzed to deal with network attack and consumption of computing resources and communication resources. It is shown that on the basis of satisfying the security requirements of the system, the cloud‐assisted authentication server can greatly share the consumption of computing resources of intelligent terminals, effectively save the computing resources of intelligent terminals, and improve the system's ability to deal with attacks caused by consumption of computing resources.
Novel high step‐up DC–DC converter with increased voltage gain per devices and continuous input current suitable for DC microgrid applications
Authors: Varesi Kazem , Hassanpour Naser , Saeidabadi Saeid 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThis paper suggests a nonisolated noncoupled inductor‐based topology for direct current (DC)–DC converters for DC microgrids. The proposed configuration profits from advantages like high step‐up capability, continuous input current, simple structure, reduced normalized standing voltage (NSV) on switches/diodes, large gain per devices, common ground point between source‐load, and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) capability. Both the switches (T1, T2) are turned on/off simultaneously, which minimizes the number of operational modes and simplifies the control strategy. These properties lead to a more compact, less expensive, and lighter topology. The operational modes and steady‐state analysis as well as design considerations have been presented in detail. According to comparative analysis, the voltage conversion ratio per number of devices in suggested topology is higher than that of other similar topologies addressed in literature. The simulation results extracted from PSCAD/EMTDC software and the experimental outcomes obtained from laboratory‐scale prototype confirm the effectiveness and correct performance of proposed topology.
Mediastinal ganglioneuroma diagnosed by transesophageal endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA)
Authors: Mettler Tetyana , Stuart Jimmie , Racila Emilian , Mallery Shawn , Amin Khalid 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGanglioneuromas are rare benign tumors that arise from the sympathetic nerve fibers and represent the final maturation stage of neuroblast tumors. The most common sites of involvement in the body include posterior mediastinum, followed by retroperitoneum, adrenal gland, and soft tissues of the head and neck. In the mediastinum, this tumor is most frequently located in posterior compartment, together with other neurogenic tumors. The reports of mediastinal ganglioneuroma diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA), especially endoscopic ultrasound‐guided FNA (EUS‐FNA) are very sparse. We describe the clinical, radiologic, cytologic, gross and histologic features of mediastinal ganglioneuroma diagnosed by transesophageal endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration.
Recent strategies for the development of oral medicines for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: de Souza Myla Lôbo , Gonzaga da Costa Lucas Amadeu , Silva Emerson de Oliveira , de Sousa André Luiz Moreira Domingues , dos Santos Widson Michael , Rolim Neto Pedro José 
Published: May 2020

AbstractConsidered prevalent in many countries on five continents, especially in low‐income regions, leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease classified by World Health Organization as one of the diseases for which the development of new treatments is a priority. It is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, whose species may cause different clinical manifestations, such as cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Treatment is exclusively by drug therapy, as it has not been possible to develop vaccines yet. Currently available drugs are not fully effective in all cases; they have parenteral administration and exhibit a number of serious and very common adverse effects. The only oral drug available is expensive and it is not available in many endemic countries. Injectable administration is the main problem of treatments, since it requires patients to go to health centers, hospitalization and professional administration, which are conditions that are not adapted to the reality of the poverty conditions of patients with the disease. In this context, the development of an oral medicine has become a focus as it may solve many of these issues. Based on this scenario, this review aimed to investigate which therapeutic alternatives have been studied for the development of oral drugs directed to the treatment of human VL.
Automated high‐throughput analysis of tramadol and O‐desmethyltramadol in dried blood spots
Authors: Luginbühl Marc , Angelova Stanislava , Gaugler Stefan , Längin Andreas , Weinmann Wolfgang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) and the International Testing Agency (ITA) recently announced the development and implementation of dried blood spot (DBS) testing for routine analysis in time for the 2022 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Beijing. Following the introduction of a ban on the use of tramadol in competition in March 2019, the Union Cycliste International (UCI) started a pilot study for the manual analysis of tramadol in DBS for antidoping purposes. In this context, we present a fully automated LC–MS/MS‐based method with automated sample preparation using a CAMAG DBS‐MS 500 for the analysis of tramadol and its metabolite O‐desmethyltramadol in DBS. The presented approach reduces manual handling in the laboratory to an absolute minimum, only requiring the preparation of calibration and quality control DBS cards. The method was developed, optimized, and validated before performing cross‐validation with a liquid blood‐based analysis method using authentic samples from forensic cases. During the validation process, the method showed an extraction efficiency of 62%, linearity r2 > 0.99, accuracy and precision (within ± 15% and ± 20% at the LLOQ) for the determination of tramadol and O‐desmethyltramadol. Method comparison in liquid blood with 26 samples showed good agreement (90 ± 19% for tramadol and 94 ± 14% for O‐desmethyltramadol). In conclusion, automated analysis of tramadol and O‐desmethyltramadol in DBS provides a fast and accurate solution for antidoping screening. It is suited for high‐throughput analysis, having a run time of about 4 min per sample. Furthermore, with the automated approach, manual sample extraction becomes obsolete.
Performance evaluation of cetacean species distribution models developed using generalized additive models and boosted regression trees
Authors: Becker Elizabeth A. , Carretta James V. , Forney Karin A. , Barlow Jay , Brodie Stephanie , Hoopes Ryan , Jacox Michael G. , Maxwell Sara M. , Redfern Jessica V. , Sisson Nicholas B. , Welch Heather , Hazen Elliott L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSpecies distribution models (SDMs) are important management tools for highly mobile marine species because they provide spatially and temporally explicit information on animal distribution. Two prevalent modeling frameworks used to develop SDMs for marine species are generalized additive models (GAMs) and boosted regression trees (BRTs), but comparative studies have rarely been conducted; most rely on presence‐only data; and few have explored how features such as species distribution characteristics affect model performance. Since the majority of marine species BRTs have been used to predict habitat suitability, we first compared BRTs to GAMs that used presence/absence as the response variable. We then compared results from these habitat suitability models to GAMs that predict species density (animals per km2) because density models built with a subset of the data used here have previously received extensive validation. We compared both the explanatory power (i.e., model goodness of fit) and predictive power (i.e., performance on a novel dataset) of the GAMs and BRTs for a taxonomically diverse suite of cetacean species using a robust set of systematic survey data (1991–2014) within the California Current Ecosystem. Both BRTs and GAMs were successful at describing overall distribution patterns throughout the study area for the majority of species considered, but when predicting on novel data, the density GAMs exhibited substantially greater predictive power than both the presence/absence GAMs and BRTs, likely due to both the different response variables and fitting algorithms. Our results provide an improved understanding of some of the strengths and limitations of models developed using these two methods. These results can be used by modelers developing SDMs and resource managers tasked with the spatial management of marine species to determine the best modeling technique for their question of interest.
Thin film formation of PEDOT conductive polymer and PVDF piezoelectric polymer by dip‐coating method assuming application to flexible power generation element
Authors: Takise Hiroki , Shintani Takuto , Suzuki Masato , Takahashi Tomokazu , Aoyagi Seiji 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPoly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) conductive polymer and polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric polymer thin films were formed by dip‐coating method. The relationship between drawing speed and film thickness was experimentally investigated. Dip‐coated PEDOT and PVDF thin films were characterized and confirmed that both had surely worked as electrode and piezoelectric film of a flexible power generation element, respectively. Using dip‐coating method, these thin films were successfully formed on 3D surface of a bellows shaped spring made of silicone rubber.