bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Philippines and Vietnam’s Responses to the Permanent Court of Arbitration’s Final Award on the Arbitration Case Initiated by the Philippines Against China over the South China Sea (July 2016)
Authors: Thao Nguyen Huong Thach 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In July 2016, the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) issued its final award on the South China Sea dispute between the Philippines and China that caught the attention of the international community. Since this was the first time that a claimant in the South China Sea had ever referred the case to an international juridical body in an effort to settle the dispute, the responses of both claimant and non-claimant stakeholders were awaited. Realising the relevance of the issue, I conduct a comparative study of the responses to the PCA’s final award to two major claimants with similar positions on the South China Sea—the Philippines and Vietnam. The main aim of this study is to indicate the similarities and/or differences in the way these two states responded to the final decisions of the PCA. The study finds that even though both the Philippines and Vietnam reacted to the award in a similar manner, the motives behind their responses were different. In general, the South China Sea policy of the Philippines has always been less consistent than that of Vietnam, which can be explained through each state’s foreign policy tendencies.
Evidence-based treatment of cavernous sinus meningioma
Authors: Hekmatpanah Javad 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Cavernous sinus meningioma (CSM) causes gradual ophthalmoplegia and may eventually cause compression of the chiasma. The tumor is often histologically benign, slow growing, and seldom life threatening. Besides visual limitation, ophthalmoplegia causes emotional stress and disability. The tumor is commonly treated by operation, radiation, or both. While effective in varied degrees, the treatments, especially radical operation, are associated with unacceptable mortality and morbidity. The question remains as to what treatment approach is most conducive to longest survival with minimum disability.

Methods:
In five patients, operation, radiotherapy, or both were based on presenting symptoms or delayed based on a doctor–patient decision, seeking the most desirable and suitable option that potentially offers longer life with less disability.

Results:
Five patients were followed from over 2 to almost 5 decades: two patients are still alive, 25 and 28 years after craniotomy and radiation. One was treated conservatively for 15 years before requiring craniotomy and radiation. One was followed for 45 years without needing craniotomy or radiation, despite enlargement of the tumor. One was followed for 36 years after craniotomy. Patient did not have radiation. Craniotomy consisted of removing enough tumor to diminish symptoms without causing complications. There were no mortalities or complications.

Conclusion:
The patient number is not large enough to make a broad conclusion. However, the individualized treatments and long follow-ups, together with detailed literature review, suggest that CSM requires individualized staged treatments based on each patient’s condition. A period of “wait and see” before starting with either surgery or radiation treatment can benefit the patient.
Causas y consecuencias de las lluvias extraordinarias de 2017 en la costa ecuatoriana: el caso de la provincia Manabí
Authors: Pacheco Henry Antonio , Montilla Argenis De Jesús , Méndez Williams José , Delgado Maria Hipatia , Zambrano Diana 
Published: November 2019

Extraordinary rainfall events are the object of research in different parts of the world, where their occurrence has caused negative socioenvironmental impacts, expressed in substantial human and material losses. The objective of this work is to analyze the causes and consequences of the extraordinary rains registered in Manabí in February and March 2017, emphasizing its social, economic andenvironmental effects. It is assumed that these events are closely related to the anomalies of sea surface temperature in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Field research was conducted by analyzing sea surface temperature (SST) data in satellite imagery using the Split Night Multi Channel Sea Surface Temperature algorithm to identify thermal anomalies. With the precipitation records of meteorological stations of the Ecuadorian coastal region, a descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to determine the annual behavior (regime) and historical rainfall. Socioeconomic impacts were studied from unstructured interviews with key informants, through non-probability sampling, as well as primary information from government agencies.The results indicate that the extraordinary rains observed during the February-March 2017 period were a consequence of the combination of factors such as positive thermal anomalies in the equatorial Pacific, intertropical convergence and atmospheric instability in the Amazon. This generated negative impacts in urban and rural localities such as Manta, Portoviejo, Lodana, Calceta and Chone.
Composición y abundancia taxonómica del zooplancton desde el Pacífico Sur hasta la Península Antártica 2016-2017
Authors: MOJICA-LÓPEZ LUZ HELENA , FRANCO-HERRERA ANDRÉS 
Published: November 2019

With the purpose of contributing to the knowledge of the zooplankton associated with the water masses present along a latitudinal gradient from Peru to the Antarctic Peninsula, 14 samples were obtained, with a conical net of 250 μm mesh size and 60 cm of mouth diameter, towed from 0 to 200 m water depth, within the III Scientific Expedition of Colombia to Antarctica “Almirante Padilla”(Austral Summer 2016-2017). The results allowed to determine a total of 75 family/morphotypes (f/m), belonging to 32 orders. The orders Calanoida (20%) and Perciformes (12%) predominated in this study. Fish eggs and larvae, in addition to bivalves, and cypris, salps and other gelatinous organisms contributed with 54% of importance. In relation to density, the families of the subclass Copepoda, Calanidae, Paracalanidae,Clausocalanidae, Oncaeidae and Eucalanidae were the most representative. Calanidae family showed the highest density across the latitudinal gradient, with values between 1594 ind • 100 m-3 and 6057 ind • 100 m-3. The highest densities of zooplankton were for the South Pacific, wheredifferences were found with respect to the densities in the Antarctic stations (Mood: 1.4 p-value: 0.24 α: 0.05 and 95% confidence). However, the cluster analysis showed an association between stations in relation to abundance of zooplankton in this study and found a Pearson correlationof 0.95 with this it can be concluded that if there is a ecological connectivity between the mesozooplankton community along the South Pacific, which is attributed to the system of currents that plays an important role in the distribution of this community, as well as events of deep water upwellings that allow to find cosmopolitan families.
Tingkat Kepuasan Pelanggan terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan Pada CV Jia Pradana dengan Metode Servqual
Authors: Handono Felix Wuryo , Nurdin Hafis , Sumarna Sumarna 
Published: November 2019

CV Jia Pradana menyediakan beberapa layanan jasa diantaranya konsultan dibidang teknologi Informasi, multimedia seperti grafis desain, dokumentasi photo maupun video sampai dengan pengadaan barang. Beberapa produk jasa yang diberikan tersebut membutuhkan penjelasan dan interaksi yang baik antara CV Jia Pradana sebagai perusahaan penyedia dengan kustomer yang membutuhkan layanan tersebut. Diharapkan staff yang bekerja di dalam perusahaan mampu dalam memberikan Informasi mengenai produk dan memberikan bantuan pelayanan terhadap produk yang sedang digunakan dengan baik. Penting bagi Perusahaan untuk tetap dapat mempertahankan kepercayaan dan kepuasan pelanggan agar dapat terus menggunakan jasanya. Dengan jumlah pelanggan yang ada, muncul pertanyaan apakah dengan layanan yang diberikan saat ini sudah memberikan kepuasan kepada pelanggan dan berkontribusi pada bertambahnya jumlah pelanggan. Untuk dapat mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pelanggan perlu dilakukan pengukuran tingkat kepuasan yang melibatkan pengguna jasa. Pengukuran menggunakan metode servqual dengan lima dimensi dari kualitas jasa yakni: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance dan Emphaty. Dengan pengukuran ini akan dapat terlihat tingkat kepuasan pelanggan. Hasil penelitian yang didapat dari 100 sample adalah bahwa layanan yang diberikan oleh perusahaan belum memberikan kepuasan kepada pelanggan. Dimensi yang mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan hanya terdapat pada dimensi Assurance dan Emphaty. Gap Analysis juga dilakukan sebagai acuan manajemen untuk memperbaiki kinerja perusahaan. Selisih gap dua terbesar dimana perusahaan dapat fokus untuk memperbaiki kinerja ada pada dimensi Tangibles dan Reliability.
Cancer prevention from home
Authors: Md Azman PKM Seeni Mohamed  
Published: November 2019

Cancer had become worldwide problem that efforts in prevention and treatment of cancer had rapidly grew in any research institute. But, to combat with this miserable disease, we still need new strategies to overcome the problem, and we should really understand who is our enemy. Unfortunately, the enemy is not something too difficult or which we do not well understand. We, ourselves is the number one enemy. Our family is our enemy. Our eyes are our enemy. We know what actually that we should not consume, but still, we consume it daily with happy, but at the end, we cry. Lately, a scientific report claimed that people who consume food outside their home are 25% having a risk to gain cancer. The major cause of cancer is food, which is about 40%. Stress, chemicals in cosmetic products, and bad lifestyle were other major causes of cancer, which we already forgot. Therefore, this lecture will remind us, who is really our enemy in combat with cancer and how to prevent it from our own HOUSE. We don't have other choices rather than change our lifestyle!!!
Fenologia de samambaias e licófitas no Brasil: uma abordagem metodológica e ecológica
Authors: Müller Andressa , Schmitt Jairo Lizandro 
Published: November 2019

Samambaias são plantas vasculares sem sementes que se distribuem em uma variedade de ecossistemas, dos trópicos à região boreal e ocupam desde o estrato herbáceo até o arborescente. Fenologia é uma ciência ambiental integrativa que estuda os eventos vegetativos e reprodutivos das plantas e a sua relação com o clima. Estudos fenológicos com samambaias têm sido realizados ao longo do território brasileiro há cerca de 36 anos, com plantas monitoradas principalmente nas regiões sul e nordeste do país. Diversos enfoques podem ser dados ao monitoramento fenológico, visando entender a influência do clima no desencadeamento das fenofases, o crescimento e o desenvolvimento das plantas. Desta forma, por meio de extensa revisão na literatura científica, este artigo objetiva abordar e construir um cenário fenológico brasileiro para as espécies de samambaias e licófitas monitoradas no país, além de compilar as abordagens metodológicas necessárias para alcançar as respostas fenológicas dessas plantas, assim como novas perspectivas de pesquisa e lacunas no campo do conhecimento a serem preenchidas. Fern and lycophyte phenology in Brazil: a methodological and ecological approach A B S T R A C TFerns are seedless vascular plants that are found from tropics to boreal region and occupy from understory to arborescent strata. Phenology is an integrative environmental science that studies the vegetative and reproductive events of plants and their relation to the climate. Phenological studies with ferns have been carried out along Brazilian territory for about 36 years, with plants monitored mainly in the southern and northeastern regions of the country. Several approaches can be given to phenological monitoring, in order to understand the influence of climate on the triggers of phenophases, the growth and development of plants. Thus, through an extensive review in the scientific literature, this article aims to approach and to construe a Brazilian phenological scenario for the fern and lycophyte species monitored in the country. In addition, to compile the methodological approaches necessary to reach the phenological responses of these plants, as well as new research perspectives and to indicate gaps in the field of knowledge to be fulfilled. Key-words: Climate, Phenophase, Monitoring.
Contribuições para o Conhecimento de Fungos (Ascomycota) em Mauritia flexuosa L.f. e Acrocomia intumescens Drude, Brasil (Contributions to the knowledge of fungi (Ascomycota) in Mauritia flexuosa L.f. and Acrocomia intumescens Drude, Brazil)
Authors: Vitória Nadja Santos , Santos Maiara Araújo Lima dos , Bezerra José Luiz 
Published: November 2019

A Mata Atlântica é um bioma conhecido pela riqueza de espécies. No entanto, pesquisas de caráter taxonômico envolvendo fungos em espécies de Arecaceae (palmeiras) ainda são limitadas, deixando uma lacuna ao conhecimento quanto à micota existente nesse domínio. Deste modo, o objetivo deste artigo foi realizar um estudo de fungos que colonizam as palmeiras Mauritia flexuosa (buriti) e Acrocomia intumescens (macaíba) em fragmentos de Mata Atlântica nos municípios de Recife, Cabo de Santo Agostinho e Tamandaré - Pernambuco. Os fungos detectados pela análise foram Capsulospora brunneispora, Didymosphaeria sp., Glonium sp., Hypoxylon monticulosum, Linocarpon verminosum, Hypocrea sp. e Botryosphaeria rhodina. Os dados obtidos, neste estudo, ampliaram o conhecimento sobre os Ascomycota associados à individuos da familia Arecaceae no Brasil. The Atlantic Forest is a biome known for its species richness. However, taxonomic studies involving fungi in Arecaceae species (palm trees) are still limited, leaving a gap to the knowledge about the existence of the mycota in this domain. Thus, the objective of this article was to study fungi that colonize Mauritia flexuosa (buriti) and Acrocomia intumescens (macaíba) palms in fragments of Atlantic Forest in Recife, Cabo de Santo Agostinho and Tamandaré – Pernambuco municipalities. The fungi detected by the analysis were Capsulospora brunneispora, Didymosphaeria sp., Glonium sp., Hypoxylon monticulosum, Linocarpon verminosum, Hypocrea sp. and Botryosphaeria rhodina. The data obtained, in this study, increased the knowledge about the Ascomycota associated to individuals of the Arecaceae family in Brazil.Keywords: Atlantic Forest, microfungi, conservation, plants.
Sistemas ambientais, vulnerabilidade ambiental e uso e ocupação da sub-bacia hidrográfica do riacho Santa Rosa – Nordeste do Brasil (Environmental systems, vulnerability environmental and use and occupation of Santa Rosa river basin- Northeast Brazil)
Authors: Costa Luis Ricardo Fernandes da , Oliveira Vládia Pinto Vidal de 
Published: November 2019

O trabalho, com base nos estudos integrados, discute elementos que proporcionam subsídios para o diagnóstico ambiental integrado, caracteriza os sistemas ambientais, a vulnerabilidade ambiental e uso e ocupação da sub-bacia hidrográfica do riacho Santa Rosa. As bases conceituais estão elencadas na concepção holística, orientada para uma visão integrativa dos elementos da paisagem. Do ponto de vista metodológico o trabalho foi executado em três etapas: 1 - análise de material bibliográfico, cartográfico e imagens de satélite; 2 - produção de mapas para auxílio no campo e 3 - trabalhos de campo para a comprovação dos dados e correção e adequação do material cartográfico produzido. Os sistemas ambientais caracterizados pelos sertões ainda são os sistemas ambientais mais vulneráveis à desertificação do ponto de vista geoambiental, com o agravante dessas áreas historicamente serem utilizadas para a subsistência local, fruto de diversos vetores de degradação. A B S T R A C TThe work, based on integrated studies, discusses elements that provide grants for environmental assessment integrated, featuring environmental systems, environmental vulnerability, use, and occupation of the area. The conceptual bases are listed in the holistic approach, geared to an integrative view of landscape elements. From a methodological point of view, the work was carried out in five stages: bibliographic material analysis, mapping and satellite imagery; production of maps to aid in the field; fieldwork for the verification of the data and accuracy and adequacy of the produced cartographic material. Environmental systems characterized by hinterlands are still the most vulnerable areas to the desertification of geo-environmental point of view, with the aggravation of the areas traditionally used for local livelihoods because of various vectors of degradation.Keywords: Semiarid landscape. Environmental Systems. Environmental vulnerability. Use and occupation of land.
Peremajaan Permukiman Kumuh Dengan Penerapan Konsep Ecovillage
Authors: Wibawa Wardana , Alwin Alwin 
Published: November 2019

Permukiman kumuh merupakan salah satu masalah yang dapat timbul dalam suatu kota atau kabupaten. Desa Bojongsoang Kabupaten Bandung menjadi salah satu wilayah yang menghadapi masalah pertumbuhan permukiman kumuh. Faktor penyebab kumuhnya permukiman di Desa Bojongsoang yakni akibat aktifitas yang terlalu berlebihan, sehingga menyebabkan lingkungan hunian menjadi tidak sehat dan tidak nyaman untuk ditinggali. Adanya permasalah ini masyarakat berinisiatif melakukan program ecovillage sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menerapkan konsep ecovillage di Desa Bojongsoang Kabupaten Bandung. Konsep ecovillage adalah konsep penataan permukiman yang menggunakan prinsip berkelanjutan dengan mengedepankan aspek lingkungan dan berintegrasi dengan dimensi sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi literatur, studi banding, dan observasi objek. Analisis dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara melakukan perbandingan antara hasil observasi objek dengan studi literatur. Hasil yang dicapai dalam penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa untuk mengatur kawasan permukiman kumuh dapat dilakukan dengan cara peremajaan permukiman, melalui penerapan lima konsep karakteristik ecovillage, sehingga diharapkan dapat menghasilkan permukiman yang bersifat berkelanjutan dan ekologis.
Pengaruh Permainan Ular Tangga Kata Besar Modifikasi Terhadap Kemampuan Membaca Anak Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Islam Khaira Ummah Padang
Authors: Putri Sri Nanda Amelia 
Published: November 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh permainan ular tangga kata besar modifikasi terhadap kemampuan membaca anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan bentuk pendekatan quasy eksperimen. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan hasil pada kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan permainan ular tangga kata besar modifikasi mendapatkan rata-rata nilai yang tinggi dimana dapat dibandingkan dengan nilai yang didapati oleh anak-anak yang berada di kelas kontrol yang menggunakan media papan tulis. Rata-rata kelompok eksperimen adalah 79,16 dan kelompok kontrol dengan rata-rata 70,31. Dari hasil analisis data yang sudah dilakukan bahwa thitung > ttabel, yaitu (2,93046 > 2,07387). Maka dari itu dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa permainan ular tangga kata besar modifikasi berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan membaca anak di Taman Kanak-kanak Islam Khaira Ummah Padang.Kata Kunci : ular tangga kata besar modifikasi , kemampuan membaca anak
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR REALISTIK PADA POKOK BAHASAN PERBANDINGAN UNTUK SISWA SMP KELAS VII
Authors: Rofiroh Rofiroh 
Published: November 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar dengan pendekatan realistik yang dapat digunakan secara mandiri oleh siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) yang meliputi studi pendahuluan, pengembangan draft, uji coba dan pengembangan produk akhir. Draft dikembangkan dengan cara desain produk, validasi desain, revisi desain, uji coba produk dan revisi produk. Draft divalidasi oleh dua ahli ahli pendidikan dan ahli matematika. Uji coba skala kecil dilakukan terhadap 8 orang siswa kelas VII dan kelas VIII siswa SMPN 4 Pandeglang. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari hasil uji coba skala kecil yaitu mendapat respon yang positif dari siswa dengan total persentase akhir angket sebesar 90%. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli dan uji coba terbatas didapatkan hasil bahwa bahan ajar dengan pendekatan realistik layak digunakan untuk membantu kegiatan belajar mengajar.Kata Kunci: Bahan Ajar, Perbandingan, Pendekatan Realistik. AbstractThis study aims to produce teaching materials with a realistic approach that can be used independently by students. This study used the Research and Development (R & D) method which included preliminary studies, draft development, trials and final product development. The draft was developed by means of product design, design validation, design revision, product testing and product revision. The draft was validated by two experts in education and mathematicians. Small-scale trials were carried out on 8 students of 7th and 8th grade of SMP 4 Pandeglang. The conclusion obtained from the results of those trials shows that the approach gets positive responses from students with a final total percentage of 90% from the questionnaires. Based on the results of expert validation and limited trials, it has been found that teaching materials with realistic approaches are feasible to be used to assist teaching and learning activities.Keywords: Teaching Material, Comparison, Realistic Approach
Echocardiographic assessment of Diastolic Function in patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Adhikaree Ajay , Malla Rabi , Sah Ram Kishor , Maskey Arun , Rajbhandari Sujeeb , Sharma Deewakar , Gautam Binayak , Najmy Shaneez 
Published: November 2019

Background and Aims: Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular diastolic function in patients with atrial fibrillation is a challenge as loss of atrial kick (A wave), beat to beat variability and left atrium enlargement despite normal atrial pressure make usual guideline based estimation difficult and inaccurate. Hence adoption of additional echocardiography parameters are necessary which are tricky and have varied results. Hence the aim of this study was to study various aspects of diastolic function in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Methods: It was a hospital based prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted at cardiology unit, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu and Shahid Gangalal National Heart Center, Kathmandu from 1st July 2018 to 30th June 2019.
Results: Total of 92 patients were studied. About one third (34.8%) had diastolic dysfunction. Ratio of E/e’(14.65 ± 2.21 Vs 7.66 ± 1.18) , E/Vp (1.57 ± 0.14 Vs 1.20 ± 0.11), isovolumetric relaxation time (53.06 ± 13.82ms Vs 89.33 ± 9.88ms) and deceleration time of pulmonary venous diastolic wave (203.09 ± 26.13ms Vs 292.25 ± 36.32ms) were significantly different in patients with diastolic dysfunction compared to patients without diastolic dysfunction with sensitivity of 90.6%, 84.4%, 81.2% and 78.1% respectively.
Conclusion: Diastolic dysfunction is a common entity in patients with atrial fibrillation. Echocardiography parameters like E/e’ ratio, isovolumetric relaxation time, E/Vp ratio and deceleration time of diastolic pulmonary wave were highly sensitive in detection of diastolic dysfunction.