bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das basaloide follikuläre Hamartom – eine seltene Differenzialdiagnose des Basalzellkarzinoms
Authors: Eckardt C. , Al-Gburi S. , Rauschenberg R. , Meier F. , Laske J. 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDas basaloide follikuläre Hamartom nimmt unter den seltenen Differenzialdiagnosen des Basalzellkarzinoms eine wichtige Stellung ein. Es gilt die primär benigne Fehlbildung des Haarfollikels als solche zu identifizieren, um den Patienten vor unnötigen Operationen zu schützen. Wir berichten über eine 60-jährige Patientin, welche sich zur Einholung einer Zweitmeinung nach mehrfachen Voroperationen aufgrund einer vermeintlichen R1-Situation eines Basalzellkarzinoms vorstellte. In der klinischen Untersuchung fielen zahlreiche hautfarbene Papeln zentrofazial auf. In Zusammenschau von klinischem Untersuchungsbefund und Histologie konnte die Diagnose eines basaloiden follikulären Hamartoms gestellt werden. Anhand des Falles wird die Bedeutung des klinischen Untersuchungsbefundes für die Erhebung der histologischen Diagnose durch den Pathologen ersichtlich. Insbesondere bei komplexen Verläufen sollte eine Reevaluation der Diagnose erfolgen. Hierbei übt der Operateur eine entscheidende Position aus, indem er den histologischen Befund in den klinischen Kontext einfügt.
The Performance of a Dithiothreitol-Based Diagnostic System in Diagnosing Periprosthetic Joint Infection Compared to Sonication Fluid Cultures and Tissue Biopsies
Authors: Randau Thomas Martin , Molitor Ernst , Fröschen Frank Sebastian , Hörauf Achim , Kohlhof Hendrik , Scheidt Sebastian , Gravius Sascha , Hischebeth Gunnar T. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a commercially available dithiothreitol (DTT) kit for routine use in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) in comparison to conventional microbiological tissue specimens and sonication procedures in a maximal care hospital.
Methods We applied the DTT system in 40 consecutive cases of revision arthroplasty (23 PJIs and 17 aseptic revisions), with an exchange or a removal of components. The hardware components were split between the DTT system and the conventional sonication procedure. At least three tissue biopsies and a joint fluid specimen were sent for microbiological and histopathological analysis. Data was analysed retrospectively to compare between the different methods.
Results Cultures of the DTT fluid showed a sensitivity of 65% and specificity of 100%, as referenced to conventional microbiological cultures. Sonication had better sensitivity (75%) but lower specificity (85%). The categorical agreement of DTT cultures compared to sonication fluid cultures was 78% (31/40). Neither pathogen type, infection duration nor antibiotic pretreatment influenced the accuracy of the DTT, but a low pH in the DTT seemed to be associated with false-negative results.
Conclusion DTT was inferior in sensitivity when diagnosing PJIs compared to sonication fluid cultures and tissue biopsies. A low pH in the DTT fluid correlated with false-negative results. Nevertheless, the closed system of the DTT kit avoids contamination and false-positive results, and DTT can be an alternative where sonication is not available.
Vermeidung der Frühgeburt durch Einlage eines Zerclage-Pessars – Eine klinische retrospektive
Kohortenanalyse
Authors: Hentrich Anna , Marek Susanne , Jackisch Christian 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Bei Auftreten einer Zervixverkürzung
<25 mm vor der 34. SSW kann gemäß der
AMWF-Leitlinie (015–025 Stand Februar 2019) die Einlage eines
Zerclage Pessars erfolgen. Die Datenlage zum Nutzen einer Pessar-Einlage zur
Vermeidung der Frühgeburtlichkeit ist allerdings kontrovers.
Material/Methoden Wir haben in unserer Klinik zwischen der 20.
und 32. SSW bei 83 Patientinnen ein Cerclage-Pessar eingelegt und supportiv
intravaginal 200 mg Progesteron appliziert und unsere Daten im
Hinblick auf die Verlängerung der Tragzeit durch diese Intervention
ausgewertet und mit der Literatur verglichen. Retrospektiv konnte das
Patientinnen-Kollektiv zur Auswertung in eine high-risk Gruppe mit einer
Zervixlänge < 15 mm und eine low-risk Gruppe
mit einer Zervixlänge zwischen 15 bis 25 mm unterteilt
werden.
Ergebnisse Unsere Daten belegen, dass bei 59% der Patientinnen
eine Frühgeburt vermieden werden konnte, bzw. die Geburt sogar zu
79% nach der 34+0 SSW erfolgte. Die Rate der
Frühgeburtlichkeit vor der 34+0 SSW lag sowohl in der
high-risk Gruppe (<15 mm Zervixlänge) als auch in
der low-risk Gruppe bei ca. 20%.
Schlussfolgerung Zusammenfassend konnte durch die Therapie mit
Progesteron und Pessar bei minimaler Nebenwirkungsrate und guter Compliance
der Patientinnen die Hospitalisierung reduziert werden. Trotz divergenter
Datenlage zu diesem Thema denken wir, dass unser Management eine
kostengünstige, die Compliance verbessernde Intervention
darstellt.
Perioperative Complications and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Congenital Cyanotic Heart Disease Undergoing Surgery for Brain Abscess
Authors: Vimala Smita , Krishnakumar Mathangi , Goyal Amit , Sriganesh Kamath , Umamaheswara Rao G. S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background Brain abscess is a rare neurological complication in patients with congenital cyanotic heart disease (CCHD). Perioperative complications are high in patients with CCHD. We evaluated incidence of and risk factors for perioperative complications and their impact on clinical outcomes in patients with CCHD undergoing brain abscess surgery with monitored anesthesia care (MAC) or general anesthesia (GA).

Methods In this single-center retrospective cohort study, data were collected from consecutive patients with CCHD who presented with brain abscess and underwent surgery from January 2006 to December 2018. Data regarding demographics, type of CCHD, signs and symptoms of brain abscess and CCHD, type and duration of surgery, details of anesthesia, perioperative complications, and clinical outcomes were collected. Chi-square test was used to analyze nonparametric data and student t-test for parametric data.

Results Of the 402 patients with brain abscess, data of 34 patients with CCHD who underwent brain abscess surgery were analyzed. The mean age at presentation of brain abscess was 15.8 ± 10.8 years and duration of symptoms was 17.3 ± 15.5 days. The incidence of perioperative complications was 82.4% (28/34 patients). Seven patients (20.6%) developed perioperative cyanotic spells which led to cardiac arrest in 5 patients (14.7%) and death in 2 patients (5.9%). Patients on cardiac medications and with high heart rate had higher incidence of cyanotic spells and mortality. Technique of anesthesia did not affect cardiac and neurological outcome.

Conclusions Perioperative complications are high after brain abscess surgery in patients with CCHD. Perioperative characteristics and outcomes were similar with MAC and GA techniques.
A corpus study of outgrouping in Greek radical right computer-mediated discourses
Authors: Saridakis Ioannis E. , Mouka Effie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper reports on a large-scale study on how “enemies” are linguistically constructed by Greece’s radical right. The research combines corpus linguistics approaches and insights from critical discourse analysis, with the aim of analysing the referential/nomination and predication strategies used to delineate “others” as outgroups. Drawing on a 90 million-word corpus comprising the full set of texts from 13 radical right web-based platforms from 2001 to 2019, the research identifies and statistically classifies principal designators and qualifiers. By closely examining their diachronic variations and correlation with significant sociopolitical events, we critically categorise and discuss the empirical findings and thus unveil topics, as well as aspects of the argumentation, pooled by Greece’s radical right in their discursive constructions.
Cross-section, vector and tensor analyzing powers of the 6Li + 12C elastic scattering at 30 and 50 MeV: a non-monotonic potential description
Authors: Nilima A , Hossain S , Azad M M B , Billah M M , Tariq A S B , Basak A K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This work reports, for the first time, the analysis of tensor analyzing powers (T
20, T
21, T
22) along with the differential cross-section (CS) and the vector analyzing power iT
11 for the 6Li + 12C elastic scattering at 30 and 50 MeV within the framework of an optical model (OM) using microscopic shallow non-monotonic (NM) potentials. The NM potential is generated from the energy density functional formalism (EDF) (Brueckner et al (1968) Phys. Rev.
168 1184) using a realistic two-nucleon interaction incorporating the Pauli exclusion principle. The shallow NM potential can describe the experimental angular distributions of CS and analyzing powers of the elastic scattering data. The OM analysis of the data at 30 and 50 MeV does not indicate their sensitivity on the nuclear matter incompressibility K.
Comprehensive characterization of ExacTrac stereoscopic image guidance system using Monte Carlo and Spektr simulations
Authors: Darvish-Molla Sahar , Spurway Alan , Sattarivand Mike 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to develop accurate computational methods to comprehensively characterize and model the clinical ExacTrac imaging system, which is used as an image guidance system for stereotactic treatment applications.
The Spektr toolkit was utilized to simulate the spectral and imaging characterization of the system. Since Spektr only simulates the primary beam (ignoring scatter), a full model of ExacTrac was also developed in Monte Carlo (MC) to characterize the imaging system. To ensure proper performance of both simulation models, Spektr and MC data were compared to the measured spectral and half value layers (HVLs) values.
To validate the simulation results, x-ray spectra of the ExacTrac system were measured for various tube potentials using a CdTe spectrometer with multiple added narrow collimators. The raw spectra were calibrated using a 57Co source and corrected for the escape peaks and detector efficiency. HVLs in mm of Al for various energies were measured using a calibrated RaySafe detector. Spektr and MC HVLs were calculated and compared to the measured values. The patient surface dose was calculated for different clinical imaging protocols from the measured air kerma and HVL values following the TG-61 methodology. The x-ray focal spot was measured by slanted edge technique using gafchromic films. ExacTrac imaging system beam profiles were simulated for various energies by MC simulation and the results were benchmarked by experimentally acquired beam profiles using gafchromic films. The effect of 6D IGRT treatment couch on beam hardening, dynamic range of the flat panel detector and scatter effect were determined using both Spektr simulation and experimental measurements.
The measured and simulated spectra (of both MC and Spektr) for various kVps were compared and agreed within acceptable error. As another validation, the measured HVLs agreed with the Spektr and MC simulated HVLs on average within 1.0% for all kVps. The maximum and minimum patient surface doses were found to be 1.06 mGy for shoulder (high) and 0.051 mGy for cranial (low) imaging protocols, respectively. The MC simulated beam profiles were well matched with experimental results and replicated the penumbral slopes, the heel effect, and out-of-field regions. Dynamic range of detector (in terms of air kerma at detector surface) was found to be in the range of [6.1 × 10−6, 5.3 × 10−3] mGy.
Accurate MC and Spektr models of the ExacTrac image guidance system were successfully developed and benchmarked via experimental validation. While patient surface dose for available imaging protocols were reported in this study, the established MC model may be used to obtain 3D imaging dose distribution for real patient geometries.
Evidence of vortices and mixed-state superconductivity in phosphorus-doped graphene. Part I (Nernst)
Authors: Sornkhampan Nalat , Gil-Pinzon Julian , Ponce-Zuniga Justin , Woods Amber , Vlasov Yuriy , Larkins Grover 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We have observed phenomena in phosphorus-doped graphene films consistent with mixed-state superconductivity at temperatures as high as 260 K. This evidence includes transport, susceptibility and Nernst/Hall measurements as a function of the thermal gradient. This paper presents evidence of vortices and flux flow in the mixed state of phosphorus-doped graphene samples in the form of well-defined Nernst peaks being measurable up to 260 K.
Defect order in active nematics on a curved surface
Authors: Pearce D J G 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We investigate the effects of extrinsic curvature on the turbulent behavior of a 2D active nematic confined to the surface of a cylinder. The surface of a cylinder has no intrinsic curvature and only extrinsic curvature. A nematic field reacts to the extrinsic curvature by trying to align with the lowest principle curvature, in this case parallel to the long axis of the cylinder. When nematics are sufficiently active, there is a proliferation of defects arising from a bend or splay instability depending on the nature of the active stress. The extrinsic curvature of the cylinder breaks the rotational symmetry of this process, implying that defects are created parallel or perpendicular to the cylinder depending on whether the active nematic is contractile or extensile.
Realization of quantized anomalous Hall effect by inserting CrI3 layer in Bi2Se3 film
Authors: Chen Li , Shi Changmin , Jiang Chuan , Liu Hongmei , Cui Guangliang , Wang Dongchao , Li Xiaolong , Gao Kefu , Zhang Xiaoming 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
It is challenging to realize the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) at high operating temperatures using the two-dimensional (2D) Dirac surface states of three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs). Given the small non-trivial gap induced by adsorbing ferromagnetic (FM) CrI3 monolayer (ML) on the surface of Bi2Se3 films, we here propose another TI and FM semiconductor interfaced system to enhance the gap by inserting CrI3 ML between the first top (bottom) quintuple layers (QL) and sub-top (sub-bottom) QL of Bi2Se3 films symmetrically. The 2D non-trivial phase emerges in the Bi2Se3 films with five or more QLs and the gap is enlarged to 30 meV in 1QL-Bi2Se3/CrI3/4QL-Bi2Se3/CrI3/1QL-Bi2Se3, which can be understood by the enhanced magnetic proximity effect. The topological non-triviality is confirmed by the nonzero Chern number and the existence of chiral edge state. Our finding will provide useful guidance to optimize the Bi2Se3–CrI3 interface system for realizing QAHE at relatively high operating temperatures.
Frequency and duration of low-wind-power events in Germany
Authors: Ohlendorf Nils , Schill Wolf-Peter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the transition to a renewable energy system, the occurrence of low-wind-power events receives increasing attention. We analyze the frequency and duration of such events for onshore wind power in Germany, based on 40 years of reanalysis data and open software. We find that low-wind-power events are less frequent in winter than in summer, but the maximum duration is distributed more evenly between months. While short events are frequent, very long events are much rarer. Every year, a period of around five consecutive days with an average wind capacity factor below 10% occurs, and every ten years a respective period of nearly eight days. These durations decrease if only winter months are considered. The longest event in the data lasts nearly ten days. We conclude that public concerns about low-wind-power events in winter may be overrated, but recommend that modeling studies consider multiple weather years to properly account for such events.
Brownian motion in trapping enclosures: steep potential wells, bistable wells and false bistability of induced Feynman–Kac (well) potentials
Authors: Garbaczewski Piotr , Żaba Mariusz 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We investigate signatures of convergence for a sequence of diffusion processes on a line, in conservative force fields stemming from superharmonic potentials U(x) ∼ x

m
, m = 2n ⩾ 2. This is paralleled by a transformation of each mth diffusion generator L = DΔ + b(x)∇, and likewise the related Fokker–Planck operator L* = DΔ − ∇[b(x) ⋅], into the affiliated Schrödinger one

Ĥ
=
−
D
Δ
+
V

(

x

)

. Upon a proper adjustment of operator domains, the dynamics is set by semigroups exp(tL), exp(tL*) and exp(−tĤ), with t ⩾ 0. The Feynman–Kac integral kernel of exp(−tĤ) is the major building block of the relaxation process transition probability density, from which L and L* actually follow. The spectral ‘closeness’ of the pertinent Ĥ and the Neumann Laplacian

−

Δ

N

in the interval is analyzed for m even and large. As a byproduct of the discussion, we give a detailed description of an analogous affinity, in terms of the m-family of operators Ĥ with a priori chosen

V

(

x

)

∼

x

m

, when Ĥ becomes spectrally ‘close’ to the Dirichlet Laplacian

−

Δ

D

for large m. For completness, a somewhat puzzling issue of the absence of negative eigenvalues for Ĥ with a bistable-looking potential

V

(

x

)

=
a

x

2
m
−
2

−
b

x

m
−
2

,

a
,
b
,
>
0
,

m
>
2

has been addressed.
Ballistic space-time correlators of the classical toda lattice
Authors: Spohn Herbert 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Toda lattice is an integrable system and its natural space-time stationary states are the generalized Gibbs ensembles (GGE). Of particular physical interest are then the space-time correlations of the conserved fields. To leading order they scale ballistically. We report on the exact solution of the respective generalized hydrodynamic equations linearized around a GGE as background state. Thereby we obtain a concise formula for the family of scaling functions.
Infrared Thermally Enhanced 3-Dimensional Time of Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography Imaging for the Visualization of the Arteries of the Face
Authors: Hendrickx Benoit , Waked Karl , Mespreuve Marc 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
The face is known for its extreme variation in vascular anatomy. Furthermore, the rapidly increasing number of filler treatments leads to an increase in severe filler-associated complications (such as skin necrosis and blindness) due to intra-arterial injection. Visualizing a patient’s individual complete facial arterial anatomy in a contrast- and radiation-free way has not been published before. This innovative imaging technique could, therefore, enhance the safety of minimally invasive surgical procedures as it provides a harmless way to map the arteries of the face.

Objectives
Evaluate a newly developed imaging technique to visualize the arteries of the face in a noninvasive and radiation-free manner.

Methods
The individual arterial facial anatomy of 20 volunteers was studied by an imaging technique, combining infrared (IR) facial warming and 3-dimensional (3D) time of flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). The source and maximum intensity projection images were assessed by 2 investigators, familiar with the anatomy of the face.

Results
The MRA technique visualized most of the main facial arteries, albeit in a variable way. The main facial branches of the external carotid artery (facial, angular, supralabial, and superficial temporal arteries) were illustrated well, whereas the visualization of the internal carotid branches (supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries) and nasal branches (dorsal nasal and lateral nasal arteries) was less consistent.

Conclusions
The combination of IR “heat-induced enhancement” and a 3D-TOF MRA sequence may actually be an important step toward the visualization of the variable facial vascular anatomy in a noninvasive, radiation-free, and contrast-free manner.
Semiparametric estimation of generalized transformation panel data models with nonstationary error
Authors: Wang Xi , Chen Songnian 
Published: May 2020

SummaryEarly studies of the generalized transformation panel data model resorted to the identical marginal distribution of the error term over time. This stationarity condition is restrictive for many applications, especially as the number of time periods increases. This paper considers nonstationary censored generalized transformation panel data models where the idiosyncratic error has an unknown nonseparable form and admits a flexible relationship between the observable and the unobservable. We propose an estimation method, and establish the consistency and asymptotic normality for the proposed estimator. Simulation results illustrate the good performance of our estimator in a finite sample. We apply the proposed method to bilateral trade issues of the U.S.A. and foreign countries.
Development of a guideline for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder with the ADAPTE method
Authors: Hurtado María M , Nogueras Eva V , Cantero Nazaret , Gálvez Luis , García-Herrera José M , Morales-Asencio José M 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to develop a clinical guideline for managing generalised anxiety disorder in Primary Health Care and Mental Health, using guideline adaptation methods.DesignA clinical guideline was developed, following the methods of the ADAPTE group, and implemented in a Primary Health Care District and in Mental Health Services in Spain.SettingRegional University Hospital of Málaga and District of Primary Health Care Málaga-Guadalhorce (Spain).ParticipantsThe participants were family physicians, psychiatrists and clinical psychologists. The phases of the process included definition of clinical scenarios, literature search and guidelines appraisal, elaboration of recommendations, conducting focus groups with users diagnosed with generalised anxiety disorder, linking the testimonials of users with recommendations, external review and implementation by multifaceted interventions.ResultsThe final release included 49 Recommendations, of which 47 are from the 2011 NICE guidance for GAD and 2 of the 2011 NICE guideline for common mental disorder. Finally, seven recommendations needed to be adapted to the Spanish health care context, and three recommendations were excluded.ConclusionsA guideline aimed to improve the quality and effectiveness of the care provided to people with generalised anxiety disorder has been released. The use of adaptation methods has simplified the use of resources and time. This guideline and the process designed for its implementation constitute a suitable collection of resources for the improvement on detection and treatment of GAD in primary health care. Adaptation methods play a key role in the knowledge translation continuum.