bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Thalamocortical Synaptic Transmission and Dysregulation of the Excitatory–Inhibitory Balance at the Thalamocortical Feedforward Inhibitory Microcircuit in a Genetic Mouse Model of Migraine
Authors: Tottene Angelita , Favero Morgana , Pietrobon Daniela 
Published: October 2019

Migraine is a complex brain disorder, characterized by attacks of unilateral headache and global dysfunction in multisensory information processing, whose underlying cellular and circuit mechanisms remain unknown. The finding of enhanced excitatory, but unaltered inhibitory, neurotransmission at intracortical synapses in mouse models of familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) suggested the hypothesis that dysregulation of the excitatory–inhibitory balance in specific circuits is a key pathogenic mechanism. Here, we investigated the thalamocortical (TC) feedforward inhibitory microcircuit in FHM1 mice of both sexes carrying a gain-of-function mutation in CaV2.1. We show that TC synaptic transmission in somatosensory cortex is enhanced in FHM1 mice. Due to similar gain of function of TC excitation of layer 4 excitatory and fast-spiking inhibitory neurons elicited by single thalamic stimulations, neither the excitatory–inhibitory balance nor the integration time window set by the TC feedforward inhibitory microcircuit was altered in FHM1 mice. However, during repetitive thalamic stimulation, the typical shift of the excitatory–inhibitory balance toward excitation and the widening of the integration time window were both smaller in FHM1 compared with WT mice, revealing a dysregulation of the excitatory–inhibitory balance, whereby the balance is relatively skewed toward inhibition. This is due to an unexpected differential effect of the FHM1 mutation on short-term synaptic plasticity at TC synapses on cortical excitatory and fast-spiking inhibitory neurons. Our findings point to enhanced transmission of sensory, including trigeminovascular nociceptive, signals from thalamic nuclei to cortex and TC excitatory–inhibitory imbalance as mechanisms that may contribute to headache, increased sensory gain, and sensory processing dysfunctions in migraine.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMigraine is a complex brain disorder, characterized by attacks of unilateral headache and by global dysfunction in multisensory information processing, whose underlying cellular and circuit mechanisms remain unknown. Here we provide insights into these mechanisms by investigating thalamocortical (TC) synaptic transmission and the function of the TC feedforward inhibitory microcircuit in a mouse model of a rare monogenic migraine. This microcircuit is critical for gating information flow to cortex and for sensory processing. We reveal increased TC transmission and dysregulation of the cortical excitatory–inhibitory balance set by the TC feedforward inhibitory microcircuit, whereby the balance is relatively skewed toward inhibition during repetitive thalamic activity. These alterations may contribute to headache, increased sensory gain, and sensory processing dysfunctions in migraine.
El sistema penal es un espejo de la injusticia social: las deudas con las mujeres en la cárcel.
Authors: Palma Campos Claudia 
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el contexto donde ocurre el sistema penal, lo que moviliza la aplicación de ciertas normativas y sobre las nociones morales y culturales de su aplicación, así como la comisión de un delito, específicamente en relación con las mujeres en la cárcel. Se basa en la experiencia directa de la autora como antropóloga y feminista en los centros penales de Costa Rica, principalmente y en el trabajo con mujeres privadas de libertad por casi diez años. Este documento trata de mirar el lugar social que han ocupado las mujeres y cómo este se refleja cuando llegan a la cárcel, cómo pueden ser miradas y tratadas y cómo sus delitos, sus penas y sus reclamos son producto, de una u otra manera, de la desigualdad y la injusticia social reflejada en la injusticia penal. Se plantea una discusión sobre diferentes experiencias en el sistema penal en Costa Rica y se formulan serios problemas que refuerzan la desigualdad social, como el sexismo y carencia de enfoque de género. Se concluye que las mujeres que están en la cárcel no son diferentes a otras mujeres oprimidas socialmente en el país. Sus voces, sus necesidades y sus tristezas pertenecen al mismo orden de aquellas que día a día tratar de idear maneras para pertenecer, social, económica y políticamente a un país que les ha negado oportunidades. Se plantea como una obligación retomar su voz para contribuir a la equidad social.
METHOD FOR CALCULATION THE MODES OF STRIPS COLD ROLLING ON MULTIPLE-STAND ROLLING MILL ENSURING COST REDUCTION OF SHEET ROLLING SHOP PRODUCTION. REPORT 2. AN EXAMPLE OF THE METHOD PRACTICAL USE ON FOUR-STAND ROLLING MILL 1400
Authors: Bozhkov A. I. , Kovalev D. A. , Potapov V. S. , Shul’gin R. I. 
Published: October 2019

The second part of the paper describes the method practical use on four-stand rolling mill 1400. When rolling the chosen typical sizes, the task was to determine the specific rolling mode, which will ensure a minimum of the total specific energy consumption at the maximum rolling speed, maximum process stabilization (minimum breaks, idle times, etc.) and obtaining the specified quality of the rolled strips (no surface defects, meeting the thickness and flatness requirements). It was achieved by including the above requirements in the constraint system with respect to the determined rolling modes for the selected strip sizes. For example, ensuring a given (maximum) performance for a specific size and brand of a strip is equivalent to realizing a gi673 ven (increased) rolling speed in the absence of unscheduled downtime occurring in emergency situations (in particular, in strip breaks). The speed limit depends on the power of engines, which is included in the complex of structural and technological limitations. The obtained examples, given in the article, have shown that the use of the method leads to fulfillment of all the specified requirements, which, in turn, ensures a reduction in production cost and an increase in the mill’s productivity. The calculation of the cold rolling modes was reduced to selection and distribution of the crimping along the stands (passages – in the reversible mill) and to a choice of specific strip tension in the interstand spaces, on decoiler and coiler, and in setting the wedge of speeds in a particular system of constraints imposed on the input and output process variables as a function of the adopted optimality criterion. The task was solved using the conditional optimization method, through the specification of the optimization criterion. As such criterion, the total energy consumption of the rolling process was used, as requirements – technological and design constraints on the rolling parameters and conditions for strip stability to breaks and to formation of rolls surface defects (“brews”, “chippings”, etc.), as well as to strip breaks.
Uluslararası Turizm Araştırmalarında Türkiye’nin Yeri
Authors: ACAR Dilek , GÜL YILMAZ Esra 
Published: October 2019

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Bilimsel gelişmede ulusal koşullar önemli belirleyicilerdir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin uluslararası turizm araştırmalarındaki yeri, SSCI’de yer alan Türkiye adresli makaleler aracılığı ile incelenmektedir. Bu çerçevede 1989-2018 yıllarında arasında yayınlanmış olan 330 makale tespit edilmiş, ilişkisel ve değerlendirici genel bibliyometrik parametrelerle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın önemli sonuçlarına göre, SSCI’de yer alan Türkiye adresli makalelerin sayısı 2016’dan itibaren hızla artmaya başlamıştır. 330 makalenin yaklaşık yarısı Türkiye’den iki kurum ve 10 araştırmacı tarafından üretilmiştir, 120 makalenin yabancı kurumlardaki yazarlarla ortak üretilmesi, uluslararası işbirliklerinin önemini göstermektedir. Anahtar kelime analizine göre, makalelerin çoğunda Türkiye ve otel, ağırlama, yönetim ve insan kaynakları ile ilgili sözcüklerin kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Son olarak, araştırmaların yaklaşık dörtte üçünde nicel veriye dayalı desenlemeden yararlanıldığı gözlenmektedir.
Ensino em rede municipal: bem distante da Educação do Campo e da Educação Popular
Authors: Melo Maria Aparecida Vieira de 
Published: October 2019

Analisar a situação de escolas municipais à luz do ideário da Educação do Campo e da Educação Popular foi a finalidade da pesquisa que deu margem ao presente artigo, desenvolvida no Município de Canhotinho, situado no Agreste Pernambucano. Ela foi orientada pelas questões: como são desenvolvidas as práticas pedagógicas em escolas de rede municipal de Canhotinho - PE situadas em contextos rurais? Que aproximações tais práticas processam com os ideários da Educação do Campo e da Educação Popular? Seu objetivo consistiu em analisar práticas psicopedagogas em escolas municipais de contextos rurais. Canhotinho, no agreste de Pernambuco, foi o locus da pesquisa. Efetuaram-se entrevistas com 7 professoras daquela Rede Municipal e se processaram 10 sessões de observação em sala de aula. Foi possível perceber que ainda perdura, de forma alarmante, a prática das turmas multisseriadas, o que condiciona muitos desdobramentos psicopedagógicos. Percebeu-se também a predominância de características notadamente urbanocêntricas que distanciam estas realidades do ideário da educação do campo e também da educação popular. Além disso, a pesquisa deu margem a considerações que parecem pertinentes em torno da questão da identidade do Professor(a) do Campo e do Professor(a) no campo.
A integração dos jogos pedagógicos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem: recurso à aquisição na linguagem oral dos alunos nas séries iniciais
Authors: Araújo Carmem Simone do Nascimento 
Published: October 2019

A presente pesquisa tem por objetivo informar como os jogos pedagógicos contribuem para o desenvolvimento intelectual dos estudantes no 10 e 20 ano, através da sua aplicabilidade no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. O ponto relevante da pesquisa se caracteriza no lúdico como recurso facilitador na linguagem oral, tornando-se um recurso fundamental para os educadores no ensino-aprendizagem da educação infanto-juvenil. Esta pesquisa se justifica pela necessidade de inserir a ludicidade na prática pedagógica e seus benefícios do ensino fundamental.
Palavras-chave: jogos pedagógicos, processo de ensino-aprendizagem, ludicidade.
O nível de estresse do professor da disciplina de Matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Carvalho Sandra Sueli Falcão 
Published: October 2019

Esta pesquisa aborda sobre o nível de estresse do professor da disciplina da Matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, através de uma abordagem psicanalítica, e tem como fundamento olhar a interface entre a Educação e Psicanálise, especificamente os condicionantes dos níveis de estresse: ansiedade e angústia. Tem como objetivo identificar enquanto indicativos do nível de estresse, que serão analisados a luz da psicanálise, principalmente a partir de alguns dispositivos como, transferência, desejo e vínculo, que se fizeram necessários no caminho dessa investigação, tendo como referências básicas Freud, Lacan e outros. A pesquisa é qualitativa e exploratória. A metodologia abrange uma revisão da literatura e aplicação de questionários semiestruturados para professores e alunos. Os resultados mostram que as melhorias relacionadas a esse problema, podem ser adquiridas por meio da junção do trabalho da Psicanálise com a Educação, pois desta forma haverá indicação de meios para solucionar o problema dos docentes envolvidos.

Palavras-chave: Educação. Ensino-Aprendizagem. Matemática. Psicanálise. Estresse.
A importância da arte: reflexões e pensamentos sobre o Concerto Sacro realizado no município de Escada-PE
Authors: Gomes Dimison Cesar Vieira , Cavalcanti Neto Ana Lucia Gomes 
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever reflexões e pensamentos acerca da importância da Arte, através da experiência vivenciada durante a apresentação do Concerto Sacro, realizado no município de Escada-PE, no dia 9 de junho de 2018. Durante e logo após o término deste evento, foram registradas informações a partir das reações e comentários do público presente. Durante análise dos elementos coletados, houve uma discussão comparativa com as divulgadas por diversos autores envolvidos com o tema abordado. Neste contexto, esta experiência possibilita perceber que a apreciação musical pode se tornar um importante processo construtivo de aprendizagem musical, inter-relação pessoal e sociocultural, por meio de elementos que promovam a construção de significados inerente e delineado ao público.

Palavras-chave: arte, música, apreciação musical.
Seismic Noise Induced by Wind Turbine Operation and Wind Gusts
Authors: Hu Weifei , Barthelmie Rebecca J. , Letson Frederick , Pryor Sara C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractImproved seismic noise characterization, due to varied sources, may benefit traditional applications. Some examples are earthquake detection, Earth structure research, and nuclear testing. This improvement could also permit use of seismic data in transdisciplinary research such as wind gust detection and wind turbine (WT) condition monitoring. However, it is a challenging task to unambiguously quantify relationships between potential sources of seismic noise and the actual seismic response. In this article, we analyze seismic and meteorological data (wind speed and pressure), measured at a remote site in a complex terrain area in eastern Portugal, to examine seismic signatures from WT operational status and wind gusts. Results presented herein show the following: (1) WT signatures in seismic data can be used to accurately determine WT‐operational status. Attenuation of WT signatures in seismic data exhibits an exponential decay with distance, with attenuation coefficients that scale with frequency. (2) After WT signatures are removed from seismic power spectra, wind gust signatures remain. Analyses of these data further indicate that it may be possible to extract quantitative wind gust estimates from seismic data and decompose them into pressure and shear stress drivers of this coupling.
Comparative evaluation of different cost effective ovulation induction drugs and their effect on follicular growth, endometrial thickness and pregnancy outcome
Authors: Narayanan Madhumithaa , Jahaan Uruj , Gupta Neena 
Published: October 2019

Background: Ovulatory dysfunction is a common cause of female infertility, occurring in up to 20 - 30% of infertile women. The most commonly prescribed ovulation drugs are clomiphene citrate (CC), tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors (such as letrozole) and gonadotropins. Objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of clomiphene citrate, letrozole and tamoxifen for ovulation induction in anovulatory infertility.Methods: Randomized open label interventional clinical trial. Patients were randomized to 3 drug groups. After baseline investigations, they were subjected to ovulation induction and then USG monitoring of follicular growth and ovulation. The primary outcome measured was occurrence of conception. Secondary outcome was effect on endometrial thickness and ovulation rate.Results: In the study, letrozole group showed 100% mono-follicular response. Mid cycle endometrial thickness in about 17% of cases in CC group is ≤8 mm. But all the cases in tamoxifen and letrozole group have ET >8 mm. This difference is statistically significant. The ovulation and conception rates are highest in letrozole group but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Letrozole produces higher mid cycle endometrial thickness, 100% mono follicular development than clomiphene and tamoxifen. This difference is found to be statistically significant. Ovulation rate and conception rate is highest in letrozole group. But there is no statistically significant difference among the three drugs.
Prognostic significance of initial management of childhood diarrhoea in rural areas: an observational study
Authors: Gohiya Poorva , Shrivastava Varsha , Dwivedi Rashmi 
Published: October 2019

Background: To identify current evidence in order to guide scaling up of initial management of diarrhoea among children of age group 2-60 months in rural areas of the country.Methods: This hospital based cross sectional study included all children 2 months to 60 months of age admitted with chief complains of loose stools in the last 7 days over a period of one year. A pre-tested questionnaire was used as the data collection tool and face to face interviews were conducted on mothers of children. All the data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20 software. Chi-square/Fisher Exact/ Student t-test and ANOVA test has been used. Significance was assessed at 5%.Results: Data showed the use of antibiotic in 55.9% cases, IV fluids in 50.3%, ORS in 6.7%, zinc in 2.0% and blood transfusion in 13.8% cases as an initial management of diarrhoea in peripheral health care centers. Of these, 37.6% cases were severely dehydrated, and 8.14% cases were in shock at the time of admission. 10.1% mothers did not intervene in the first 3 days of the disease whereas 45.2% consulted some health care center only in the later part. 4.5% cases expired after admission of which 69% were malnourished.Conclusions: This study summarizes the importance of initial management of a child with diarrhoea in defining the further course of the disease and also the failure of effective promotion and propagation of the most appropriate and cost-effective therapy (ORS and Zinc) for diarrhoea in this part of the country. Pre-existing malnutrition further complicates the situation.
Rhinoentomophthoramycosis: Madras ENT Research Foundation experience
Authors: Natarajan Kiran , Gajapathy Sowmya , R. Swathi , Soodimuthu A. , Kameswaran Mohan 
Published: October 2019

<p>Rhinoentomophthoramycosis is a rare tropical fungal infection affecting the nasal cavities and the subcutaneous tissues. The most common causative organism is Conidiobolus coronatus followed by Basidiobolus. In our institution, two patients with Rhinoentomophthoramycosis were seen over a ten year period and were treated successfully with anti- fungal therapy. Rhinoentomophthoramycosis has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of a nasal granuloma or subcutaneous swellings in the face or neck.</p><p> </p>
Study of role of caudal epidural steroid in management of low back pain in Malayalam patients
Authors: Rajasekharan Jayakrishnan 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> 85 patients of different age groups were treated with caudal epidural steroid injection for the management of low back pain. As low back pain is quite common in adults.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> X-ray, MRI of the lumbar region was studied. Degree of the pain was assessed by VAS (visual analogue scale) scale, study of Lumbo-sacral joint was studied to know the causes of low back pain (LBP).<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> As per the MRI study classification LBP was classified as, 16 (16.3%) had Acute back pain without any cause, 14 (14.2%) had spondylolithesis having symptoms of claudication with low back pain. 26 (26.5%) had stenosis of Lumbar canal with symptoms of claudication 42 (42.8%) had disc degeneration with or without root radiation having complaint of back pain and leg pain. The improvement as per VAS scale was from 1 week to 3 months in the management of LBP.</p><p align="center"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This pragmatic approach to various causes of low back pain managed with epidural steroid injection will be useful to orthopedic surgeon to treat such pain efficiently because back pain becomes common factor as age advances due to resorption or degenerative factors andcurvatures of vertebral column becomes less pronounceds. </p>
A study of clinicoradiological and functional outcomes of intramedullary nailing in diaphyseal radius ulna fractures
Authors: Tank Parag M. , Shah Yash S. , Dave Rutvik D. , Patel Vijay J. 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of intramedullary nailing in diaphyseal fractures of radius and ulna in age group of 10 to 49 years and to understand its clinicoradiological and functional results.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a retrospective case series study of forearm bone fractures and the selected management for the same over a period of 3 years. We chose the cases in which intramedullary nailing was the treatment modality which were followed up over a period of minimum 6 months. Patients with galeazzi variety, monteggia variety, pathological fracture or non-union after previous surgery were excluded. The outcomes were then evaluated with disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score, Green and O’Brien score, and Grace and Eversmann functional outcome score.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 22 patients, 10 patients had excellent functional outcome according to Grace and Eversmann score, 7 patients had good outcome, 4 patients had acceptable while 1 was unacceptable. Green and O’Brien also had similar results, except that patients among fair category were 3 and poor category were 3. The mean DASH score was 16.2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study shows that closed method for fixation by intramedullary nailing of both bone forearm fractures leads to excellent to good functional outcomes (according to DASH score, Green and O Brien, and Grace and Eversmann score) with less complications. In 6 months follow up x ray there is radiological union in all cases with no angulation, malunion or non-union. </p>
Early onset osteoarthritis knee in premature menopausal women
Authors: Sharma Anil Kumar , Tiwari Smita Sharma , Dixit Alka 
Published: October 2019

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Women with early menopause medical (disease) or surgical (hysterectomy) are having postmenopausal symptoms after a variable period. Osteoarthritis (OA) strikes women more often than men and it increases in prevalence, incidence and severity after menopause. The present study was done to evaluate early onset osteoarthritis knee in premature (early) menopausal women.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We have studied 160 women with early menopause (before 40 yrs of age) developing symptoms and well established osteo arthritic knees. We have studied various factors with early menopause. The data was analysed using SPSS software version 22.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study 138 cases (86.25%) were surgical menopause (hysterectomy) and 22 cases (13.75%) were medical menopause where definite cause was not obvious. An early onset knee pain was noted in 1 to 2 years. But late OA was noted after 6 to 7 years of menopause. Effective treatment was wanted by majority of the patient from the point of view of post-menopausal osteosaropaenia and physiotherophy. Even in urban population erratic treatment was maximum (75%). Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, fibroid or severe intractable infection appeared be the most common indication for hysterectomy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We concluded that with better awareness of menopause, effective regular treatment and physiotherapy can herald the process of osteoarthritis. The difficulties were mainly developed early because of lack of awareness, no effective regular treatment and physiotherapy. Pain is the starting feature which may continue to severe disability later on.</p>