bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Salt Tolerance Mechanisms Present in Date-Plum Persimmon Rootstock (Diospyros Lotus)
Authors: Gil_Muñoz Francisco , Delhomme Nicolas , Quiñones Ana , Naval Maria del Mar , Badenes Maria , Gil Rosario García 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Drought and salinity are two of the main challenges in agriculture. In many areas, crop production needs solutions to adapt the grown species to the increasing salinity. Research on physiological and molecular responses activated by salinity in plants is needed to elucidate mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Transcriptome profiling (RNA-Seq) is a powerful tool to study the transcriptomic profile of genotypes under stress conditions. In temperate fruit tree species, tree grafting on salinity tolerant rootstocks is a common method to compensate for the cultivar saline sensitivity. Persimmon species have different levels of tolerance to salinity, knowledge of this variability provides the basics for development of salt tolerant rootstocks.Results In this study, we conducted a physiological and transcriptomic profiling of roots and leaves in tolerant and sensitive plants of persimmon rootstock, Diospyros lotus, grown under saline and control conditions. Results from characterization of the physiological responses along with gene expression changes in roots and leaves allowed identifying several salt-tolerance mechanisms related to Ion transport and thermospermine synthesis. Differences were observed in putative H+/ATPases that allow transmembrane ionic transport and Chloride channel protein-like genes. Furthermore, an overexpression of thermospermine synthase found in the roots of tolerant plants may indicate that alterations in root architecture could act as an additional mechanism of response to salt stress. Conclusions Results indicate that D. lotus presents a genetic variability for salt tolerance trait related to the regulation of chloride transport, transmembrane electrochemical potential and thermospermine root synthesis. The study provides knowledge on mechanism of salt stress tolerance in persimmon for further breeding of tolerant persimmon rootstocks.
The Plasma Amyloid Beta 42&nbsp;(Aβ42) and Proteomics Profile Related to Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CCDS) in Thailand
Authors: Phochantachinda Sataporn , Chantong Boonrat , Reamtong Onrapak , Chatchaisak Duangthip 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CCDS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder found in senior dogs. Due to the lack of biological markers, CCDS is commonly underdiagnosed. The aim of this study was to identify potential plasma biomarkers using proteomics techniques and to increase our understanding of the pathogenic mechanism of the disease. Plasma amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) has been seen to be a controversial biomarker for CCDS. Proteomics analysis was performed for protein identification and quantification.Results: Within CCDS, ageing, and adult dogs, 87 proteins were identified specific to Canis spp. in the plasma samples. Of 87 proteins, 45 and 52 proteins were changed in the ageing and adult groups, respectively. Several distinctly expressed plasma proteins identified in CCDS were involved in complement and coagulation cascades and the apolipoprotein metabolism pathway. Plasma Aβ42 levels considerably overlapped within the CCDS and ageing groups. In the adult group, the Aβ42 level was low compared with that in the other groups. Nevertheless, plasma Aβ42 did not show a correlation with the Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Rating scale (CCDR) score in the CCDS group (p = 0.125, R2 = 0.27).Conclusions: Our present findings suggest that plasma Aβ42 does not show potential for use as a diagnostic biomarker in CCDS. The nano-LC-MS/MS data revealed that the predictive underlying mechanism of CCDS was the co-occurrence of inflammation-mediated acute phase response proteins and complement and coagulation cascades that partly functioned by apolipoproteins and lipid metabolism. Some of the differentially expressed proteins may serve as potential predictor biomarkers along with Aβ42 in plasma for improved CCDS diagnosis.
Bright triplet excitons for efficient X-ray excited luminescence
Authors: Wang Xiao , Shi Huifang , Ma Huili , Ye Wenpeng , Song Lulu , Zan Jie , Yao Xiaokang , Ou Xiangyu , Yang Guohui , Zhao Zhu , Singh Manjeet , Lin Chongyang , Wang He , Jia Wenyong , Wang Qian , Zhi Jiahuan , Dong Chaomin , Jiang Xueyan , Tang Yongan , Xie Xiaoji , Yang Yang , Wang Jianpu , Chen Qiushui , Wang Yu , Yang Huang-Hao , Zhang Guoqing , An Zhongfu , Liu Xiaogang , Huang Wei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Materials that exhibit X-ray excited luminescence have great potential in radiation detection, security inspection, biomedical applications, and X-ray astronomy1-4. However, such materials are almost exclusively limited to inorganic crystals, which are typically prepared under high temperatures5. Herein, we report a design principle of purely organic phosphors to boost X-ray excited luminescence with sufficient utilization of triplet excitons. Our experimental data reveal that proportion of emission from bright triplet excitons is significantly improved upon X-ray irradiation, compared with UV excitation. These organic phosphors have a detection limit of 33 nGy/s, which is 167 times lower than the standard dosage for X-ray medical examinations. We further demonstrated their potential application in X-ray radiography, which can be conveniently recorded using a digital camera. These findings illustrate a fundamental principle to design efficient X-ray excited purely organic phosphors, propelling the development of radioluminescence related applications.
Simultaneous Tracking of Capsid, Envelope Protein Localization in Living Cells Infected with Double Fluorescent Duck Enteritis Virus
Authors: Chen Liu , Ni Zheng , Hua Jionggang , Ye Weicheng , Liu Keshu , Yun Tao , Zhu Yinchu , Zhang Cun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Duck enteritis virus can cause an acute, contagious and lethal disease of many species of waterfowl. An infectious bacterial artificial chromosome clone of duck enteritis virus (DEV) vaccine strain pDEV-EF1 has been constructed in our previous study. To visually studying DEV, a double-labeled recombinant virus have been constructed.
Methods

based on pDEV-EF1, a recombinant mutated clone pDEV-UL35(c)CFP-gC(c)mRFP which carries a red fluorescent protein(mRFP) gene attached to the viral envelope protein gC, combined with a cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) gene fused to the viral capsid UL35 gene was constructed by two-step Red/ET recombination and the recombinant virus rDEV-UL35(c)CFP-gC(c)mRFP was rescued from chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) by calcium phosphate precipitation. Then protein expression were detected by Western blot analysis, and subcellular location of gC and UL35 were observed by confocal microscopy. Viral morphogenesis were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Results

The recombinant virus rDEV-UL35(c)CFP-gC(c)mRFP was rescued from chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) by calcium phosphate precipitation. Western blot analysis showed UL35-CFP and gC-mRFP are both expressed in fusion forms in rDEV-UL35(c)CFP-gC(c)mRFP-infected CEFs, and subcellular location study showed gC-mRFP was mainly localized in whole cell at 36 h.p.i. and 48 h.p.i.; and then mostly migrated to cytoplasm after 60 h.p.i.; UL35-CFP was localized in nucleus in all stages of virus infection. Transmission electron microscopy indicated that viral particles at different stages of morphogenesis (A capsids, B capsids, C capsids) were observed in virus-infected cells. However,mature C capsids was less in rDEV-UL35(c)CFP-gC(c)mRFP-infected cells than rDEV-dEF1GFP and rDEV-gC(c)mRFP-infected samples.
Conclusions

This study has laid a foundation for visually studying localization, transportation of DEV capsid protein and envelope glycoprotein, as well as virus assembly, virion movement and virus-cell interaction.
Factors Associated With Abstinence After a Recent Smoking Cessation Attempt Across 28 European Union Member States
Authors: Cheung Chung-mei Maggie , Vardavas Constantine I , Filippidis Filippos T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: There is a lack of information regarding factors associated with successful smoking cessation on a population and European Union (EU)-wide level. Our study seeks to explore individual and country-level factors associated with abstinence after a recent smoking cessation attempt across the EU.Methods: We obtained data from the March 2017 Special Eurobarometer 87.1 (n=27901). Sociodemographic, policy and country-level factors were assessed using logistic regression among smokers and ex-smokers who attempted to quit approximately 12 months before the survey date. We defined and examined the Cessation Ratio (ratio of recent quitters to those who did not succeed) across 28 EU Member States.Results: 14.9% (n=1018) of current smokers and 8.80% (n=454) of ex-smokers attempted to quit in approximately the last 12 months. Cessation Ratios in EU Member States ranged from 0.182 (95% CI 0.045 to 0.319) in Estonia to 1.06 (95% CI 0.262 to 1.86) in Sweden. There is a quadratic, U-shaped relationship between smoking prevalence and the Cessation Ratio in each EU Member State. Higher prevalence was associated with lower Cessation Ratios, until a prevalence of approximately 26.3%; thereafter higher prevalence was associated with higher Cessation Ratios. Respondents who reported financial difficulties were less likely to quit smoking (aOR 0.656; 95% CI 0.517-0.833). There was no association between likelihood of success with other sociodemographic factors or the Tobacco Control Scale treatment score. Conclusions: These findings highlight a need for exploring reasons behind the variation in likelihood of abstinence following a recent quit attempt, in order to design policies targeted at population groups or countries that need greater support.
WITHDRAWN: Impact of Traits and Quality of Life on Longevity Among Those Aged 95 to 108&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Kim Jong In , Choi Yeonja , Kim Gukbin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe crucial differences in longevity related to quality of life and specific traits in the oldest old need to be investigated from a socioecological perspective because their impacts may differ in the oldest-old adults. This entailed estimating the impacts of quality of life and personal traits on the longevity of the oldest old in South Korea from a socioecological perspective. MethodsThe data were obtained from interviews with 170 South Koreans aged 95 to 108 from June 2017 to February 2020. Specifically, we interviewed 130 residents aged 100 to 108 and 40 aged 95 to 99 across 36 provinces in South Korea. This study incorporated an analytical model to observe the effects that were distributed across individuals, societies, and countries from a socioecological perspective. The factor analyses of the interview responses revealed significant correlations and hierarchical models.ResultsSeven factors were identified as major to quality of life and traits, and five in particular, industriousness, physical labour, weight 60kg, friends, meat intake, affected their longevity. In addition, fewer feelings of depression or anxiety and higher life satisfaction and living standards also influenced the longevity. ConclusionsThe quality of life and traits of South Korea’s oldest old appear to have a decisive latent impact on longevity factors. We identified seven crucial determinants of longevity in the oldest old: industriousness, labour, weight, friends, and meat intake, fewer feelings of depression or anxiety, and higher life satisfaction. Thus, those who seek longevity might emulate these traits of the oldest old.
Comparison of efficacy and safety of second-line palliative chemotherapy with paclitaxel plus raltitrexed and paclitaxel alone in patients with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma: a randomized phase 2 clinical trial
Authors: ZHAO XIAOYING , CHEN Zhiyu , ZHANG Xiaowei , ZHU Xiaodong , ZHANG Wen , QIU Lixin , WANG Chenchen , HUANG Mingzhu , ZHANG Zhe , LI Wenhua , YANG Lei , LI Jin , GUO Weijian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPaclitaxel is a microtubule stabilizing agent, used as standard second line chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. This study was designed to compare the clinical outcome of paclitaxel plus raltitrexed regimen as second line treatment in MGC patients.MethodsAn open, randomized, multi centers phase II clinical trial. 148 patients were randomly assigned and treated with either RP (raltitrexed 3 mg/m2 day1 and paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 day1, 3week) or P (paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 day1, 3week) as second-line palliative chemotherapy. The primary endpoint is PFS; secondary endpoint is ORR, OS and safety.ResultsProgression free survival has a tendency to be prolonged with RP versus P (2.7month vs. 1.7month, p = 0.148). Overall survival has also a tendency to be prolonged with RP versus P (10.2month vs. 6.1month, p = 0.140). Overall response rate was equal with RP versus P (6.8% vs.4.0%, p = 0.72). DCR in the RP and P group was 56.2% and 36.0% respectively. Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 36.2% (RP) vs. 28.2% (P) of patients. Frequent grade 3 to 4 toxicities for RP vs. P were: neutropenia (11.0% vs. 4.0%), anemia (1.4% vs. 4.0%), thrombocytopenia (1.4% vs. 5.3%), and all grade peripheral neurotoxicity (12.3% vs. 17.3%). All grades found with elevated aminotransferase (27.4% vs. 14.1%). Subgroup analysis shows if the disease combined with ascites or peritoneal involved OS of RP regimen is longer (p = 0.05).ConclusionsSecond-line palliative chemotherapy with paclitaxel plus raltitrexed have tendency to prolong PFS and OS, especially some patients with ascites or peritoneal involved, which needs to be confirmed by larger sample studies.Trial registrationNCT02072317. Registered 26 February 2014
Pattern of Cortical Thinning in Logopenic Progressive Aphasia Patients in Thailand
Authors: Thanprasertsuk Sekh , Likitjaroen Yuttachai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA) is an uncommon neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by word-finding difficulties and sentence repetition impairment. Prominent cortical atrophy around left temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) is a classical imaging feature of LPA. This study investigated cortical thinning pattern in clinically diagnosed LPA patients using non-demented subjects as a control group. We also aimed to explore whether there was prominent thinning of other cortical area additional to the well-recognized left TPJ.Methods: Thicknesses of all cortical regions were measured from brain magnetic resonance images using an automated command on Freesurfer software. Cortical thickness of the two groups were compared by two methods: 1) using a general linear model (GLM) in SPSS software; and 2) using a voxel-by-voxel GLM, performed with Freesurfer’s QDEC interface. Results: Besides the well-recognized left TPJ, cortical regions that were significantly thinner in the LPA group by both comparison methods included left caudal middle frontal gyri (CMFG) (p=0.006 by SPSS, p=0.0003 by QDEC), left rostral middle frontal gyrus (p=0.001 by SPSS, p=0.0001 by QDEC), left parahippocampal gyrus (p=0.008 by SPSS, p=0.005 by QDEC) and right CMFG (p=0.005 by SPSS, p=0.0001 by QDEC).Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that thinning of middle frontal gyri may be an additional feature in clinically diagnosed LPA patients. Involvement of left parahippocampal gyrus may reflect the underlying neuropathology of Alzheimer’s disease in majority of the LPA patients.
Morphofunctional Cardiac Changes in Singleton and Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Umazume Takeshi , Yamada Takahiro , Furuta Itsuko , Iwano Hiroyuki , Morikawa Mamoru , Watari Hidemichi , Minakami Hisanori 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives To compare heart echocardiographic changes between women with singleton and twin pregnanciesMethods We enrolled pregnant and postpartum women for this longitudinal cohort study in a tertiary center from 2014 through 2016. We analyzed 166 and 83 prospectively collected longitudinal data on simultaneously determined echocardiography parameters and blood variables in 44 and 22 normotensive women with either singleton or twin pregnancies, respectively. We tested mixed effect models for echocardiographic parameters and cardiac biomarkers.Results The mean left atrial volume index and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level were significantly higher in women with twin pregnancies than in those with singleton pregnancies during the 3rd trimester and immediately postpartum (within 1 week after childbirth). The 2nd trimester inferior vena cava diameters were significantly smaller and the 3rd trimester creatinine levels were significantly higher in women with twin pregnancies than in those with singleton pregnancies. BNP was positively correlated with left atrial volume index (β=0.49, p<0.01) and with the ratio of early diastolic transmitral to mitral annular velocity (E/e') (β=0.41, p<0.01). BNP and N-terminal precursor protein BNP (NT-proBNP) fragments immediately postpartum were negatively correlated with the later E/e', at 1 month postpartum in women with singleton pregnancies (r=−0.33, p=0.02 and r=−0.36, p<0.01, respectively).Conclusions The intravascular cardiac load at postpartum within 1 week after childbirth was greater in women with twin pregnancies than in those with singleton pregnancies. BNP/NT-proBNP was significantly positively correlated with LA volume index and E/e', BNP may be secreted to reduce the volume and pressure overload on the myocardial wall by diuretic action and may have improved the diastolic functions 1 month after childbirth. Our results provide evidence to deepen the understanding of the pathophysiological hemodynamic changes after delivery.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Severe Postpartum Hemorrhage: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Chenning , Yu Fubing , Xu Yunzhe , Li Jinsheng , Guan Zhihong , Sun Manna , Liu Chenan , He Fang , Chen Dunjin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Although maternal deaths are rare in developed regions, the morbidity associated with severe postpartum hemorrhage remains a major problem. To provide new insight into severe postpartum hemorrhage, we analyzed data of women giving birth in Guangzhou Medical Centre for Critical Pregnant Women, which receiveda large quantity of critically ill obstetric patients from other hospitals of Southern China. Methods: In this study, we conducted a retrospective cohort by using the criteria of severe maternal morbidities, which was defined by estimation of blood loss volume and use of blood transfusion≥4 units, to determine the prevalence, risk factors and short-term complications of severe postpartum hemorrhage. Results: Severe postpartum hemorrhage was observed in 532 mothers (1.56%) among the total population of 34 178 mothers. Placental related cause (55.83%) was the major identified cause of severe postpartum hemorrhage, while uterine atony without associated retention of placental tissues accounted for 38.91%. The risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage were maternal age<18 years, previous cesarean section, history of postpartum hemorrhage, conception through in vitro fertilization, pre-delivery anemia, stillbirth, prolonged labor, placenta previa, placental abruption, placenta accrete spectrum and macrosomia. The prevalence rates of admission to ICU, hysterectomy, acute renal failure and sepsis were significantly higher in women with severe postpartum hemorrhage. Conclusion:The results of this study suggested that severe postpartum hemorrhagecould be adopted as an indicator to assess the quality of obstetric care because of its severity and potential lethality. Extra vigilance during the antenatal and peripartum periods is needed to identify women who have risk factors and enable early intervention to prevent severe postpartum hemorrhage. It’s important to remember that we have to prepare for all mothers giving birth, as some get severe postpartum hemorrhagewithout any known risk factors.
Estimating the number of deaths due to COVID-19 in Lima and Peru during March and April 2020 using ARIMA time series and modeling
Authors: Villarreyes Eduardo , Luna Ana , Soriano Andres 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus which causes the COVID-19 disease is a large family of viruses that cause respiratory diseases and complications in human beings. Nowadays, the pandemic is studied by the rate of infection and mortality in different countries. Since there are discrepancies regarding the number of deaths due to the pandemic, our main goal is to estimate the number of deaths in Lima and Peru due to COVID-19. Methods: By using inference modeling techniques and statistical analysis in time series together with ARIMA-type predictions, it is possible to estimate the number of deaths caused by COVID-19. Our study took place in the city of Lima and Peru and our detailed analysis was carried out during March and April of 2020. Results: By comparing the death toll provided by the Ministry of Health (MINSA), we have obtained approximately a difference of 325.9% regarding the number of deaths due to COVID-19 in the city of Lima and a difference of 185.9% regarding the number of deaths in Peru. Conclusions: ARIMA time series modeling are a powerful statistical tool that predict and forecast data that are widely used in various fields of science, health, and economics. In this study, we have shown the discrepancy between the data reported by MINSA and the projection obtained in our ARIMA time series modeling. Therefore, we have a confidence level of 95% about the study that was carried out in March and April of 2020.
Feasibility of Evaluating the Histologic and Genetic Subtypes of WHO Grade II-IV Gliomas by Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
Authors: Liu Sirui , Zhang Yiwei , Kong Ziren , Jiang Chendan , Wang Yu , Zhao Dachun , You Hui , Ma Wenbin , Feng Feng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: To explore the feasibility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) metrics in order to predict the histologic subtypes and genetic status (e.g., IDH, MGMT, and TERT) of glioma noninvasively.Methods: One hundred and eleven patients with pathologically confirmed WHO grade II-IV gliomas were recruited retrospectively. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured in solid parts of gliomas on co-registered T2-weighted images and were compared with each other in terms of WHO grading and genotypes using t tests. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic performances of ADC. Subsequently, multiple linear regression was used to find independent variables, which can affect ADC values.Results: The values of overall mean ADC (omADC) and normalized ADC (nADC) of glioblastoma and IDH wildtype gliomas were lower than lower grade gliomas and IDH mutated gliomas (P<0.05). nADC values showed better diagnostic performance than omADC in identifying tumor grade (AUC: 0.749 vs. 0.716) and IDH status (AUC: 0.836 vs. 0.777). ADC values had limited abilities in distinguishing TERT status (AUC=0.607 for nADC and 0.617 for omADC) and MGMT status (AUC=0.651 for nADC). Only tumor grade and IDH status were tightly associated with ADC values.Conclusion: DWI metrics can predict glioma grading and IDH mutation noninvasively, but has limited use in the detection of TERT mutation and MGMT methylation.