bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paraffin as a Phase Change Material in Concrete for Enhancing Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Razak Rafiza Abd , Khang Zhe Adeline Choo , Bakri Abdullah Mohd Mustafa Al , Yahya Zarina , Junaidi Subaer , Muhamad Khairunnisa , Mohd Mortar Nurul Aida 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage (TES) is the material that can absorb energy during heating process as phase change takes place and release energy to environment during cooling process. Nowadays, energy consumption trends in construction building show a significant increase. It is important for reducing energy consumption in building by decreasing the energy demand and providing thermal human comfort inside the building. The objectives of this research are to determine the optimum percentage of PCM in concrete affected by time to achieve high thermal storage performance and evaluate the mechanical properties in different percentage of PCM concrete. Various percentage of 0%, 5%, 10% 15% and 20% of PCM concrete added with Ground Granular Blast Slag (GGBS) as filler were prepared and tested after 7 and 28 days of curing process. The result shows the thermal storage energy effective when integration with PCM in concrete. Besides, the compressive strength, water absorption and density measurement decrease with increasing amount of PCM. In conclusion, 5% of PCM with 30% GGBS added in concrete resulted in better thermal energy storage and compressive strength compared to other percentages of PCM concrete samples.
Properties of Blended Alkaline System Geopolymer- A Review
Authors: Ahmad Zaidi Fakhryna Hannanee , Ahmad Romisuhani , Yahya Zarina , Mohd Tahir Muhammad Faheem , Wan Ibrahim Wan Mastura , Saufi Ahmad Syauqi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Geopolymers are inorganic material that comprise of silicon(Si) and aluminium(Al) bonded by oxygen atom to form a polymer network. The binder material used for geopolymer such as fly ash and blast furnace are mostly the industrial waste or by-products containing high content of silica and aluminium which acted as precursor for geopolymerization. The raw material plays an important role in the formation of geopolymer for each material may result in different properties of geopolymer. To improve the performance of these binders, numerous studies have been focused on the production of mixes based on blends of reactive precursors. The blends usually involve a Ca-rich precursor such as granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and an aluminosilicate source such as metakaolin or low calcium fly ash, to promote the stable coexistence of calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) gels formed from the activation of the GGBS and the geopolymer gel (N–A–S–H) produced from the activation of the aluminosilicate. Thus, this paper is intended to review the properties of different type of mixes of blended alkaline system.
Electrical DNA Biosensor Using Aluminium Interdigitated Electrode for Salmonella Detection
Authors: Afnan Uda M. N. , Jambek Asral Bahari , Hashim U. , Uda M. N. A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Nowadays there are many alternative methods that have been discovered and developed for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens that can cause food poisoning. Unfortunately, majority of them still requires improvement in sensitivity and selectivity issues to be of any practical use daily. In this research, biosensors was prepared from 5 µm gap Aluminium interdigitated electrode (Al IDE) to detect Salmonella enterica typhi (S. typhi). The IDE sensors in the biosensor field is extremely interest in these days due to the high number of finger electrodes as comb structure which can gain high sensitivity through electrical measurements. S. typhi is a serious food borne pathogen, makes typhoid disease which causes many deaths annually in worldwide. Functionalization steps of the Al IDE to create biosensor was based on silanization by APTES, immobilization with carboxylic functionalized S. typhi ssDNA probes and blocking agent with tween-20 were the major functionalization steps. The functionalized steps were electrically characterized using current voltage measurements. The selectivity measurement was performed with specific target was identified electrically using complementary, non-complementary and single base mismatch ssDNA target.
Improving Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) and Comfortability of Lecture Rooms: Case Study – UniCITI Alam Campus, Padang Besar, Malaysia
Authors: Naamandadin Nurul Akmam , Mohd Noor Siti Nur Aishah , Zainol Norrazman Zaiha , Awang Arita Hanim , Abdul Rahman Syakir Amir , Mohamad Khairunnisa , Ahmad Muhammad Naim 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
UniCITI Alam is a mixed development of commercial buildings and medium rise apartments. The whole development was designed based on the integration of student residential community with the combined commercial centre and temporary campus. The lecture rooms are located at the second floor of the triple-storey shop house. To improve the indoor environmental quality and comfortability of the teaching and learning activities, physical measurements of the indoor environment parameters (air temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration) and light intensity are the main methods applied in the presented case study. Data collected will be compared with Malaysian Standard MS 1525: 2007 (Code of Practice on Energy Efficiency and Use of Renewable for Non Residential Building) and DOSH. The finding will be used for improving the environmental quality of the lecture rooms and enhancing the ecology circle.
Aluminium Interdigitated Electrode Based Biosensor for Specific ssDNA Target Listeria Detection
Authors: Afnan Uda M. N. , Jambek Asral Bahari , Hashim U. , Uda M. N. A. , Bahrin M. A. F. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Nowadays interdigitated electrode (IDE) based sensor have stimulated increasing interest in the application of biosensor filed. A large number of finger electrodes as comb structure gain high sensitivity through electrical measurements. In this paper, we have investigated Listeria bacteria detection through the electrical based IDE. Listeria monocytogenes is a food borne pathogen-based bacterium that can cause dangerous disease to human, some infection may result in death. The AutoCAD software was used to design the chrome mask of IDE sensor and the fabrication process was done using conventional photolithography method. The fabricated Al IDE morphologically analyzed using a low power microscope (LPM), a high-power microscope (HPM) and 3D profiler. Functionalization step of the Al IDE, silanization process was done using (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), immobilization process was done using carboxylic probe Listeria and Tween-20 as a blocking agent for nonspecific binding on the non-immobilized area of the biosensor surface. The biosensor was validated with complementary, non-complementary and single base mismatch ssDNA targets. Different concentration of complementary ssDNA target from 1 fM to 1 µM was done for the sensitivity detection.
Mechanical and Rheological Properties of Concrete with Ceramic Tile Waste as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate
Authors: Yahya N , Razak S M S , Othman M K , Noor S N A M , Muhamad K , Jaih M K M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The rapidly increasing in population has led to the higher of construction, repairing and renovation activity that lead to produce large amount of construction material waste. The disposal of broken ceramic tiles during construction is one of the factors which contribute to this matter and can lead to land pollution. On the other hand, the natural resource in construction such as fine aggregate also facing depletion in order to cater the current and future demand. Therefore, this paper explores the properties of concrete with ceramic tile waste used as a partial replacement for fine aggregate. About 45 cube samples, 30 prism samples and 15 control samples were casted. Various percentage of ceramic tile waste has been introduced as partial replacement for fine aggregate with proportion of 10%, 15%, 20% and 30%. Tests for mechanical and rheological properties which have been done to identify the concrete performance are compressive strength, flexural, water absorption and slump test. From the results obtained, the sample of concrete contain of 15% ceramic tile waste as fine aggregate replacement has reached the optimum strength in both compressive strength and flexural strength. However, by using 20% of ceramic tile waste as fine aggregate replacement does show higher workability and water absorption.
A Conceptual Paper on Application of Energy Efficiency Measures for Reducing Carbon Footprint in Zinc Phosphate Coating Process of Automotive Industries
Authors: Zulkifli Abuzaar Mohd , Ibrahim Fazdliel Aswad , Zainol Norrazman Zaiha , Omar Mardhiah Farhana , Keat Lim Chun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAutomotive manufacturing consumes a huge amount of energy to operate its production lines. Several processes involve including zinc phosphate coating process, which is a process that commonly used in automotive industries to improve the corrosion resistance of the metal. The process required plenty of hot water supplied by the boiler. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is used to boil the water to produce thermal energy for the process. Although the LPG is crucial in the production of thermal energy but its release by-products such as carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds emitted during the coating process due to the burning of the fossil fuel. The by-products contribute to global warming issues and produce waste to the environment. This research is present to design the energy efficiency best practices on the reduction of carbon footprint in automotive industries. A status quo to be referred to as baseline is determined, i.e. energy consumption and wastage by assessing the thermal requirement of the said manufacturing process. The data obtained is analysed to identify the best measures of energy efficiency. The thermal assessment method is used for data analysis to determine the potential saving of fossil fuels. Besides, pinch analysis assist in the determination of the process optimisation and system optimisation which lead to the reduction of operational cost and wastes as well as efficiently applying the heat during the coating process. Hence, the decreases in energy consumption reduce dependency on fossil fuels and wastes. Eventually, the application of best practices of energy-efficient measures diminishes the carbon footprint for the coating process in automotive industries.
Glucose Production from Sugarcane Bagasse by Two Stages Chemical Pretreatment & Hydrolysis
Authors: Che Roslan Nurul Syiffa Husna , Salimi Midhat Nabil 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The aim of this work was to produce glucose from sugarcane waste. It consists of high cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin which enables to be converted into a glucose production. Three conditions of acid hydrolysis was measured by using One Factor at a Time (OFAT) which consist of sulphuric acid concentration, retention time and temperature. The highest yield and optimum conditions from OFAT parameters were further continue with the enzymatic hydrolysis by using Central Composite Design (CCD). The optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis for the conversion of cellulose to glucose was conducted by using three independent variables which were pH, temperature and enzyme dosage. Based on the data of Design of Expert (DOE) software from optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis, the optimum glucose production was determined by using Dinitrosalicylic Acid Reagent (DNS) method.
Fabrication of electrolyte-gate nanocrystalline diamond- based field effect transistor (NCD-EGFET) for HIV-1 Tat protein detection
Authors: Ahmad Nurul Atiqah , Rahim Ruslinda A , Ismail Nur Syakimah , Rezek Bohuslav 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we reported on the fabrication process of electrolyte-gate field effect transistor using nanocrystalline diamond as a sensing transducer. The fabrication procedure was begin with the growth of nanocrystalline diamond thin film on silicon/silicon dioxide (Si/SiO2) substrate using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Then the photolithography process was performed in order to design and pattern the field effect transistor device with the active gate channel of 60 µm length and 20 µm width. Each device consists of three active gate channel which connecting to three different pairs of source and drain contact. The surface morphology of fabricated NCD-EGFET was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope to clarify the active gate channel of the device and the grain size of nanocrystaline diamond. The current-voltage (I-V) measurement of the device were carried out to study the electrical behaviour for HIV-1 Tat protein detection via RNA aptamer as sensing probe.
Comparison of mechanical behaviour of microstructures of 2024 aluminium alloy containing precipitates of different morphologies
Authors: Staszczyk Anna , Sawicki Jacek 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The phenomena occurring in the microstructure of the material are responsible for its macroscopic properties, such as strength, hardness, and toughness. Strengthening phases with the appropriate composition and characteristics increase the strength of the alloy. However, excess brittle intermetallic phases may cause problems with cracking and plasticity of the material. The amount and morphology of those particles are related to the chemical composition of the alloy. Simulation of tensile loading of the microstructure of three different 2024 aluminium alloys shows how the distribution of intermetallic phases affects stress states in the material. The results show that variations in the amount of the alloying additions in the range described by the standard can influence the deformation mechanisms in the material.
Design and Implementation of Battery Management System for Portable Solar Panel with Coulomb Counting Method
Authors: Afif A R , Aprillia B S , Priharti W 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSecondary batteries are commonly used as the storage of energy produced by solar panels. However, the utilization of a battery without proper management can cause damage due to overcharging and over-discharging. This study aims to design a battery management system (BMS) on a Valve Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) battery. The method used was the battery State of Charge (SOC) estimation using Coulomb Counting (CC) method. The results showed that the BMS was successfully designed and implemented to automatically cut-off the current when the SOC value is 100% (charging limit) and 20% (discharging limit).
Design On-Grid Solar Power System for 450 VA Conventional Housing using HOMER Software
Authors: Aprillia Bandiyah Sri , Foury Rigoursyah Muhammad Agung 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe on-grid solar power system is a solution that can fulfil the ever-increasing demands for electricity. The important role of a solar grid system is to save and reduce the cost of electricity, particularly those with high energy usage in the daytime. This research aims to design a configuration for placing a solar grid system in the housings for the city of Bandung, Indonesia. The research method used is to collect solar radiation data, tool specifications, and other data needed, and then proceed to optimise on these bases. On-grid solar power system design requires the software HOMER. HOMER is used to find the correct system configuration, payback period, and the best NPC technically. Based on the result of optimization, the system configuration can fill the needs of electricity by about 42%for daily consumption with a total NPC cost of around thirty eighty million one hundred thousand with four years payback period.
Sudomy: Information Gathering Tools for Subdomain Enumeration and Analysis
Authors: Ramadhan Rizdqi Akbar , Aresta Redho Maland , Hariyadi Dedy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In general, system security has become a crucial element in the digital aspect. Technically, evaluating the system there are aspects, one of which is by conducting a security assessment. Specifically, each system that will be evaluated is the essence of vulnerability search. The information security assessment is a form of awareness regarding cyberattacks that always increases from year to year. The assessment process can be carried out by an internal team and/or external auditor. The stages of evaluation by internal teams are certainly different from those of external parties. External auditors in conducting assessments need to learn or get as much information as possible related to the target, which in this case is in the form of a subdomain. Therefore, we need applications that support effective and efficient Information Gathering to assist in analysis and reporting. There are still many Information Gathering applications that do not include reporting and data validation systems. In this study, it is proposed to develop applications to support the Information Gathering stage which makes it easier for Cyber Security researchers/analysts.
Detection of Object Changes in Low Contrast Image Using Template Matching Method
Authors: Amri I K , Murinto  
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This research uses a contrast stretching method to improve the detected object image. This process is needed because of the lack of lighting in the room so it is difficult to identify properly. This research develops an image object change detection system to detect the movement of objects contained in a room through a Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) camera which is conducted simulations using a webcam camera using a template matching method with normalized cross-correlation techniques. The results of detecting changes in image objects are then made to compare between the reference image and image before there is an object change with the image after the object changes. System testing is carried out at a certain time, namely 07.00-17.00 WIB. The level of accuracy to identify the detection of changes in image objects using the template matching method with normalized cross-correlation technique is 85% for the category of no change in min (0.01025) and max (0.02088) and changes in min (0.01640) and max (-0.00513).
Dragon Fruit Maturity Detection Based-HSV Space Color Using Naive Bayes Classifier Method
Authors: Khisanudin I S , Murinto  
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Color is one of the elements to determine the level of maturity of the fruit because each level of maturity of the fruit has a different color level. At present, the dragon fruit is only classified based on a visual analysis of the skin color of the human eye. This study aims to classify dragon fruit using image processing with the naïve Bayes method based on HSV color space. The color feature used in this study is RGB which has been converted to an HSV value, after getting an HSV value then classified using the naïve Bayes method. Image data used amounted to 120 training images and 30 test images. The results of the classification of dragon fruit using the naïve Bayes method based on HSV color space can show an accuracy rate of 86.6%.
Preliminary Study of Gaultherin Extraction from Gandapura Through Uv-Photo Extraction
Authors: Sutrisno  , Ariwibowo D , Yulianto M E , Maulinda N A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Gaultherin in gandapura can be extracted using hot water and calcium carbonate, followed by solvent extraction using acetic ester hydrate at a temperature of 100 °C. However, the process yields only 4 g/kg of fresh leaves. A technique of simultaneously gaultherase enzyme inactivation and gaultherin extraction with ethanol solvent should be studied. Preliminary studies of Gaultherin extraction with ethanol has been done and it is able to obtain gaultherin up to 14.46% at pH 8. This study will examine the development of the process photo-extraction-UV and osmosis dehydration simultaneously. The advantages of this process are (i) the gaultherase enzyme experiences unfolding, resulting in reduced hydrolysis reaction, (ii) increase in gaultherin yield, (iii) needs less energy, and (iv) purification of the product would be lighter. Study of the effect of solvent concentration and extraction time on gaultherin recovery was carried out for 2 months in the Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Operations at UNDIP Vocational School. Variables include dependent and independent variables. Dependent variables include the solvent-feed ratio of 5:1, pH 4.8, 75 rpm of mixer speed, chopper blades speed of 125 rpm, a drying temperature of 80 °C. Independent Variables include ethanol concentration at 80, 85, 90, and 95%. Extraction time for 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes. The result shows that gandapura extraction using ethanol had dual function, inactivate gaultherase enzymes and extract the active compounds gaultherin. Gaultherin yields was increased by increasing the duration of extraction. Whereas increasing the concentration of the solvent, gaultherin extracted was decreased.
Community Perception of The Use of Shelter as Tsunami Mitigation In The Coastal Areas of Padang City
Authors: Hesna Y , Sunaryati J , Suandi A , Supani  
Published: March 2020

Abstract
After the 2009 earthquake occurred, found liquefaction at several points of the Padang coast. To respond to this, the government built several shelters in Padang City to minimise the impact of tsunami or earthquakes in the future. However, it was found that there was still a minimum of people to evacuate themself to the shelter. Based on these conditions, this research intends to conduct on community’s perception of Shelters as a tsunami mitigation effort in the coastal areas of Padang City. This research was carried out with direct studies in the field, questionnaire interviews with the community, and those with experience in this field, namely BPBD (Regional Disaster Management Agency) and KOGAMI (Tsunami Alert Community). The objects of this research are four main shelters of Padang City, namely Ulak Karang shelter, Air Tawar shelter, Darussalam Mosque shelter, Nurul Haq mosque shelter. Fifteen respondents for each shelter will be interviewed. Based on the results of the study obtained important things that affect people’s perceptions of the existence of Shelters and the use of shelter as an evacuation point.
The planning of campus bus in Islamic University of Indonesia with geographic system information
Authors: Romadhona P J , Hapsari A I 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Islamic University of Indonesia (UII) has more than 23.000 active students during 2018/2019 period. With a large number of students, there is high mobility on campus. Traffic jam often occurs in UII during rush hour since students have classes on campus. Additionally, the parking lot always reach the maximum index. Therefore, one of many solutions can be done to reduce traffic jam and lack of parking lot is by planning a campus bus in UII so that students do not need to ride a vehicle to campus. The planning of campus bus in UII consists of demand analysis, route analysis, bus stop analysis, and calculate the number of campus bus needed. Demand analysis was by distributed 500 questionnaires to respondents. The route analysis considered demands, potential areas, and road width. Bus stop analysis based on Decree of Directorate General of Transportation number 271 of 1996, catchment areas, and demands. Analysis for calculating the number of bus campus based on Decree of Directorate General of Transportation number 271 of 1996. The result of this research were three routes for campus bus in UII. Route 1 had 20 bus stops, route 2 had 19 stops, and route 3 had 17. The type of bus used were 16 seats of Isuzu Elf. There were six units for route 1, 7 units for route 2, and 5 units for route 3.