bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of cleft‐like indentations on procedural outcome of percutaneous edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair
Authors: Körber Maria Isabel , Friedrichs Kai Peter , Aydin Fatma , Pfister Roman , Mauri Victor , Baldus Stephan , Rudolph Volker , Huntgeburth Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectives and BackgroundPercutaneous edge‐to‐edge mitral valve (MV) repair (PMVR) is broadly applied in high‐risk patients with relevant mitral regurgitation (MR). We investigated the incidence of cleft‐like indentations (CLI) and their impact on PMVR.Methods and ResultsIn a retrospective single center analysis including 263 patients undergoing PMVR with the MitraClip®‐system between 11/2012 and 7/2016, MV anatomy was assessed by 3‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. CLI were present in 37/263 patients (14.1%). Of these, 62.2% had 1 CLI, 27% had 2 CLI, and 10.8% had 3 CLI, mostly concerning segment P2 or P2/3 of the MV. Baseline characteristics were similarly distributed. Interestingly, most patients with CLI suffered from secondary MR (n = 29, 78%). The number of deployed MitraClips was higher in patients with CLI (2 [1.25–2] vs. 2 [1, 2], p = .035), whereas procedural as well as clinical success was similar: MR grade (1.2 vs. 1.5, p = .061), vena contracta width (4.2 vs. 4.5 mm, p = .293), dPmean (4.2 vs. 4.0 mmHg, p = .618) at discharge and NYHA class at 30 days did not differ between groups. Periprocedural complications were rare and equally distributed between groups. At 30 days, MR reduction persisted in patients with CLI (95.8% of these selected patients had a MR grade ≤ 2).ConclusionsCLI of the MV are common in patients undergoing PMVR, also when presenting mainly with secondary MR. While the number of clips needed to address MR is slightly higher in patients with CLI, procedural success rates appear not to be affected. PMVR seems to be a safe treatment option for patients with CLI.
Intracardiac echocardiographic‐guided right‐sided cardiac biopsy: Case series and literature review
Authors: Pearman Joseph L. , Wall Stephen L. , Chen Lily , Rogers Jason H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEndomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is a common procedure used to aid in the diagnosis of diffuse myocardial diseases and, less commonly, in the diagnosis of cardiac tumors. As cardiac tumors are often found in high‐risk locations (ventricular free wall or atria), precision biopsy is paramount, and additional imaging, like transesophageal echocardiography is often required for guidance. The use of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) to guide biopsy has been described, but there is no consensus on a standardized approach. We report our institutional approach with three cases of ICE‐directed EMB performed with the 2.4 mm Jawz bioptome directed with an 8.5‐Fr Agilis NxT steerable introducer. All cases were performed under guidance with the AcuNav ICE probe. There were no procedural complications and a definitive diagnosis was obtained in all three cases. We also review the available published cases of ICE‐guided EMB in the literature–noting the different procedural approaches, complication rate, and diagnostic yield. There were only two negative biopsies reported among the published cases and no reported complications. Our review of all these cases suggests that ICE‐guidance for EMB is superior to other forms of imaging in its ease of use and high definition of right‐sided cardiac structures. We also feel that the use of the Agilis steerable sheath allows for more precise directing of the bioptome and is a critical component in performing a successful targeted biopsy.
Role of the Partial Charge Transfer on the Chloride Adlayers on Au(100)
Authors: Ávila Milagros , Juárez María F. , Santos Elizabeth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe focused on a controversial old issue of the electrochemistry community, partial charge transfer reactions. We chose as paradigmatic example the adlayers of chloride on Au(100) electrodes. In the light of new developments we have investigated the nature of the bond of 84 different geometrical configurations and 102 single adsorption events for different coverages. In all the cases the adsorbed chloride is partially charged. The electronic properties of these adlayers are discussed on the basis of the analysis of dipole moments, electronic charge density redistribution, density of electronic states and changes in the work function.
Design of a Functional Chromene‐Type Kobayashi Precursor: Gram‐Scale Total Synthesis of Natural Xanthones by Highly Regioselective Aryne Annulation
Authors: Xu Yuan‐Ze , Sha Feng , Wu Xin‐Yan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe 2,2‐dimethyl‐2H‐chromene motif is widely found in many bioactive molecules, and is a privileged structure in the pharmaceutical arena. We have developed a concise and regioselective approach to chromenes and chromanes through an aryne‐based synthetic strategy. A practical, gram‐scale synthetic route to a chromene‐type aryne precursor was explored. Subsequently, cyclization under mild conditions afforded tetracyclic xanthone skeletons with excellent regioselectivity. Our approach provides a concise strategy for the gram‐scale synthesis of chromene‐type xanthones such as 6‐deoxyisojacareubin, cylindroxanthone D, staudtiixanthone D, brasilixanthone A and cudracuspixanthone O.
Building C(sp3) Molecular Complexity on 2,2′‐Bipyridine and 1,10‐Phenanthroline in Rhenium Tricarbonyl Complexes
Authors: Arevalo Rebeca , López Ramón , Falvello Larry R. , Riera Lucía , Perez Julio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe reactions of [Re(N‐N)(CO)3(PMe3)]OTf (N‐N=2,2′‐bipyridine, bipy; 1,10‐phenanthroline, phen) compounds withtBuLi and with LiHBEt3have been explored. Addition to the N‐N chelate took place with different site‐selectivity depending on both chelate and nucleophile. Thus, withtBuLi, an unprecedented addition to C5 of bipy, a regiochemistry not accessible for free bipy, was obtained, whereas coordinated phen underwenttBuLi addition to C2 and C4. Remarkably, when LiHBEt3reacted with [Re(bipy)(CO)3(PMe3)]OTf, hydride addition to the 4 and 6 positions of bipy triggered an intermolecular cyclodimerization of two dearomatized pyridyl rings. In contrast, hydride addition to the phen analog resulted in partial reduction of one pyridine ring. The resulting neutral ReIproducts showed a varied reactivity with HOTf and with MeOTf to yield cationic complexes. These strategies rendered access to ReIcomplexes containing bipy‐ and phen‐derived chelates with several C(sp3) centers.
Effect of pulmonary vein isolation on atrial fibrillation recurrence after accessory pathway ablation in patients with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White syndrome
Authors: Wu Jin‐Tao , Zhao Dan‐Qing , Li Fei‐Fei , Zhang Lei‐Ming , Hu Juan , Fan Xian‐Wei , Hu Guang‐Ling , Yang Hai‐Tao , Yan Li‐Jie , Liu Jing‐Jing , Xu Xian‐Jing , Wang Shan‐Ling , Chu Ying‐Jie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough successful ablation of the accessory pathway (AP) eliminates atrial fibrillation (AF) in some of patients with Wolff‐Parkinson‐White (WPW) syndrome and paroxysmal AF, in other patients it can recur.HypothesisWhether adding pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) after successful AP ablation effectively prevents AF recurrence in patients with WPW syndrome is unknown.MethodsWe retrospectively studied 160 patients (102 men, 58 women; mean age, 46 ± 14 years) with WPW syndrome and paroxysmal AF who underwent AP ablation, namely 103 (64.4%) undergoing only AP ablation (AP group) and 57 (35.6%) undergoing AP ablation plus PVI (AP + PVI group). Advanced interatrial block (IAB) was defined as a P‐wave duration of >120 ms and biphasic (±) morphology in the inferior leads, using 12‐lead electrocardiography (ECG).ResultsDuring the mean follow‐up period of 30.9 ± 9.2 months (range, 3‐36 months), 22 patients (13.8%) developed AF recurrence. The recurrence rate did not differ in patients in the AP + PVI group and AP group (15.5% vs 10.5%, respectively; P = .373). Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses showed that PVI was not associated with the risk of AF recurrence (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.26‐1.68; P = .380). In WPW patients with advanced IAB, the recurrence rate was lower in patients in the AP + PVI group vs the AP group (90% vs 33.3%, respectively; P = .032).ConclusionsPVI after successful AP ablation significantly reduced the AF recurrence rate in WPW patients with advanced IAB. Screening of a resting 12‐lead ECG immediately after AP ablation helps identify patients in whom PVI is beneficial.
A reconfigurable real‐time neuromorphic hardware for spiking winner‐take‐all network
Authors: Abdoli Behrooz , Safari Saeed 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe central nervous system receives a vast amount of sensory inputs, and it should be able to discriminate and recognize different kinds of multisensory information. Winner‐take‐all (WTA) consists of a simple recurrent neural network carrying out discrimination of input signals through competition. This paper presents a real‐time scalable digital hardware implementation of the spiking WTA network. The need for concurrent computing, real‐time performance, proper accuracy, and the reconfigurable device has led to the field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) as the target hardware platform. A set of techniques is employed to lessen memory and resource usage. The proposed architecture consists of multiprocessing elements, which share hardware resources between a specific number of neurons. We introduce a novel connectivity array for neurons (dedicated to the WTA network) to cut down memory usage. Also, a multiplier‐less method in the neuron model and a novel tree adder in the synapse processing unit are designed to improve computational efficiency. The proposed network simulates 4,500 neurons in real time on a Xilinx Artix‐7 FPGA, while a scalable architecture facilitates the implementation of up to 20,000 neurons on this device. The pipeline structure can guarantee real‐time performance for large‐scale networks. Based on simulation and physical synthesis results, the presented network mimics biological WTA dynamics and consumes efficient hardware resources.
Automated leukocyte parameters are useful in the assessment of myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Shestakova Anna , Nael Ali , Nora Virgilita , Rezk Sherif , Zhao Xiaohui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundStudy utility of seven automated VCS parameters (V‐volume, C‐conductivity and S‐scatter) in leukocytes as an objective read‐out of dysplasia in Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS).MethodsPeripheral blood was analyzed by Beckman‐Coulter DxH800 hematology analyzer in 43 patients with low‐grade, high‐grade MDS and 21 control individuals. The differences in mean (MN) and standard deviation (SD) of each parameter were examined. The optimal sensitivity and specificity to predict MDS were determined by statistical analysis.ResultsIn neutrophils, all means of the light scatters were significantly lower in high‐grade MDS than in the control group. Mean median angle light scatter (MN‐MALS‐NE) and mean upper median angle light scatter (MN‐UMALS‐NE) were significantly different between low‐grade MDS and control patients. MN‐MALS‐NE as a MDS predictor revealed 63% sensitivity and 67% specificity with a cutoff value of ≤133. SDs of each parameter in neutrophils differed significantly among three groups. SD of neutrophil upper median angle light scatter (SD‐UMALS‐NE) had 77% sensitivity and 82% specificity (cutoff value of ≥11.16) to predict MDS.ConclusionsMDS patients have a significant decrease with a linear trend in VCS parameters in neutrophils, indicating cell dysplasia. The degree of the heterogeneity measured by SD is the most predictive of MDS.
Retrospective implementation of the Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology; a review of 5 years in a specialized cancer center
Authors: Jaber Omar I. , Shawash Sarah I. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology (MSRSGC) aims to standardize terminology, facilitate communication, and optimize management by providing risk of malignancy (ROM) for each category. Our retrospective cohort aims to study the reproducibility of reporting using the MSRSGC and to calculate the ROM for each category.MethodsCases of fine needle aspiration (FNA) of salivary glands and related cervical lymph nodes were retrieved from our files between 2015 to 2019. From a total of 63 cytology cases, 57 cases had available material for cytological reexamination of which 45 cases had follow up data. All cases were reviewed independently by two pathologists and reclassified based on the MSRSGC. The reclassification of cases for both pathologists was compared and the ROM for each diagnostic category was calculated.ResultsThe 57 cases were studied. Both pathologists had initial concordance in classification of 52 of 57 cases. The remainder five cases were concurred upon after combined review. The cases were classified as: Non Diagnostic (ND); (n = 8), Non Neoplastic (NN); (n = 7), Atypia of Undetermined Significance (AUS); (n = 8), Neoplasm Benign (NB) (n = 10), Salivary Gland Neoplasm of Uncertain Malignant Potential (SUMP) (n = 5), Suspicious for Malignancy (SM) (n = 1) and Malignant (M) (n = 18). The ROM was: ND: (33.3%); NN: (0%); AUS (33.3%); NB (0%); SUMP (25%); SM (100%) and M (100%).ConclusionApplying the MSRSGC is reproducible which facilitates standardization of reports and stratifying cases preoperatively. In general, the ROM for our cases was close to that reported in the literature.
Linking autonomic nervous system reactivity with sleep in adolescence: Sex as a moderator
Authors: Martin‐Piñón Olivia , Erath Stephen A. , El‐Sheikh Mona 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate relations between autonomic nervous system (ANS) reactivity across the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches and multiple sleep parameters in adolescence. Participants were 244 adolescents (Mage = 15.79 years old, SD = 9.56 months; 67.2% White/European‐American, 32.8% Black/African‐American). Parasympathetic activity was indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) withdrawal and sympathetic activity was indexed by skin conductance level reactivity (SCL‐r), which were examined in response to a laboratory‐based stressor (star‐tracing task). Sleep was assessed with actigraphs in adolescents’ homes for seven consecutive nights. Two sleep parameters were examined: sleep duration indexed by actual sleep minutes and sleep quality indexed by sleep efficiency from sleep onset to wake time. Regression analyses showed that more RSA withdrawal (lower RSA during task than baseline) was associated with shorter sleep, and more SCL‐r (higher SCL during task than baseline) was associated with poorer sleep efficiency. Moderation analyses showed that associations linking RSA withdrawal with fewer sleep minutes and poorer sleep efficiency, and SCL‐r with fewer sleep minutes were significant only for boys. Results illustrate that higher daytime physiological reactivity (increased RSA withdrawal and SCL‐r) is negatively associated with sleep duration and efficiency for adolescents, especially boys.
There’s a storm a‐coming: Ecological resilience and resistance to extreme weather events
Authors: Neilson Eric W. , Lamb Clayton T. , Konkolics Sean M. , Peers Michael J. L. , Majchrzak Yasmine N. , Doran‐Myers Darcy , Garland Laura , Martinig April Robin , Boutin Stan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractExtreme weather events (EWEs) are expected to increase in stochasticity, frequency, and intensity due to climate change. Documented effects of EWEs, such as droughts, hurricanes, and temperature extremes, range from shifting community stable states to species extirpations. To date, little attention has been paid to how populations resist and/or recover from EWEs through compensatory (behavioral, demographic, or physiological) mechanisms; limiting the capacity to predict species responses to future changes in EWEs. Here, we systematically reviewed the global variation in species’ demographic responses, resistance to, and recovery from EWEs across weather types, species, and biogeographic regions. Through a literature review and meta‐analysis, we tested the prediction that population abundance and probability of persistence will decrease in populations after an EWE and how compensation affects that probability. Across 524 species population responses to EWEs reviewed (27 articles), we noted large variation in responses, such that, on average, the effect of EWEs on population demographics was not negative as predicted. The majority of species populations (80.4%) demonstrated compensatory mechanisms during events to reduce their deleterious effects. However, for populations that were negatively impacted, the demographic consequences were severe. Nearly 20% of the populations monitored experienced declines of over 50% after an EWE, and 6.8% of populations were extirpated. Population declines were reflected in a reduction in survival. Further, resilience was not common, as 80.0% of populations that declined did not recover to before EWE levels while monitored. However, average monitoring time was only two years with over a quarter of studies tracking recovery for less than the study species generation time. We conclude that EWEs have positive and negative impacts on species demography, and this varies by taxa. Species population recovery over short‐time intervals is rare, but long‐term studies are required to accurately assess species resilience to current and future events.
An exploration of spiritual superiority: The paradox of self‐enhancement
Authors: Vonk Roos , Visser Anouk 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSpiritual training is assumed to reduce self‐enhancement, but may have the paradoxical effect of boosting superiority feelings. It can thus operate like other self‐enhancement tools and contribute to a contingent self‐worth that depends on one's spiritual accomplishments. In three studies (N = 533, N = 2,223, N = 965), a brief measure of spiritual superiority showed good internal consistency and discriminant validity. As predicted, it was distinctly related to spiritual contingency of self‐worth, illustrating that the self‐enhancement function of spirituality is similar to other contingency domains. It was correlated with self‐esteem and, more strongly, with communal narcissism, corroborating the notion of spiritual narcissism. Spiritual Superiority scores were consistently higher among energetically trained participants than mindfulness trainees and were associated with supernatural overconfidence and self‐ascribed spiritual guidance. Our results illustrate that the self‐enhancement motive is powerful and deeply ingrained so that it can hijack methods intended to transcend the ego and, instead, adopt them to its own service.
Specific Removal of Nitrite from Lake Urmia Sediments by Biohydrogel Based on Isolated Soy Protein/Tragacanth/Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles/Lycopene
Authors: Asadzadeh Farrokh , Pirsa Sajad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this study, a biodegradable biohydrogel based on isolated soy protein/tragacanth containing mesoporous silica nanoparticles and lycopene pigment (ISP/TG/MPS/Lyc) is prepared. The physicochemical characteristics and structure of the biohydrogel are investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetry analysis (TGA) techniques. Mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break point), antioxidant activity, water solubility, water absorption capacity (WAC), and the humidity content of the biohydrogels are studied. Five optimal biohydrogels including pure ISP, ISP/TG, ISP/MPS, ISP/Lyc, and ISP/TG/MPS/Lyc are used for chemical treatment of Lake Urmia sediments. For this purpose, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate, and nitrite of sediments are examined before and after treatment with biohydrogels. According to the FTIR results, there is only physical interaction between lycopene and isolated soy protein. According to the TGA results, adding silica mesoporous to biohydrogel increases its thermal stability. Tragacanth gum and lycopene pigment reduce water solubility and increase the WAC of biohydrogel. The biohydrogel significantly reduces the BOD and COD of the sediments. The biohydrogel reduces nitrite content up to 90%, while reducing nitrate content by almost 30%. The results show that the biohydrogel containing lycopene selectively purifies nitrite from the sediment solution of Lake Urmia.
Driving performance and neurocognitive skills of long‐term users of sedating antidepressants
Authors: van der Sluiszen Nick N.J.J.M. , Vermeeren Annemiek , van Dijken Joke H. , J.A.E. van de Loo Aurora , Veldstra Janet L. , de Waard Dick , C. Verster Joris , A. Brookhuis Karel , Ramaekers Johannes G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess driving performance and neurocognitive skills of long‐term users of sedating antidepressants, in comparison to healthy controls.MethodsThirty‐eight long‐term (>6 months) users of amitriptyline (n= 13) and mirtazapine (n= 25) were compared to 65 healthy controls. Driving performance was assessed using a 1‐h standardised highway driving test in actual traffic, with road‐tracking error (standard deviation of lateral position [SDLP]) being the primary measure. Secondary measures included neurocognitive tasks related to driving. Performance differences between groups were compared to those of blood alcohol concentrations of 0.5 mg/ml to determine clinical relevance.ResultsCompared to controls, mean increase in SDLP of all antidepressant users was not significant, nor clinically relevant (+0.75 cm, 95% CI: −0.83 cm; +2.33 cm). However, users treated less than 3 years (n= 20) did show a significant and clinically relevant increase in SDLP (+2.05 cm). No significant effects were observed on neurocognitive tasks for any user group, although large individual differences were present. Most results from neurocognitive tests were inconclusive, while a few parameters confirmed non‐inferiority for users treated longer than 3 years.ConclusionThe impairing effects of antidepressant treatment on driving performance and neurocognition mitigate over time following long‐term use of 3 years.
A low‐cost treatment system for underground water using Moringa oleifera seeds and Musa cavendish peels for remote communities
Authors: Aziz Nur AA , Jayasuriya Niranjali , Fan Linhua , Al‐Gheethi Adel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDNemours plant‐based biomass exhibit higher removal capacities in comparison to chemical treatment methods. The present study aimed to investigate the potential of Moringa oleifera (MO) seeds and Musa cavendish (MC) peel biomass pre‐treated by HNO3 (1 N) and NaOH (0.1 M) for removing nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) ions from synthetic groundwater. It further aimed to establish the design and test the efficiency of an individual domestic groundwater treatment system with low‐cost using local materials. The batch tests with biomass (MC, MO and MC + MO) were conducted at pH 7. Adsorption was investigated using Freundlich and Langmuir models for single elements, and the Sheindorf–Rebhun–Sheintuch (SRS) model for multicontaminant elements. By contrast, the simulation of actual groundwater quality was studied using a Monte Carlo simulation model.RESULTSThe adsorption results fitted with the Freundlich model revealed that ≈91%, 98% and 84% of groundwater samples met WHO standards for Pb2+, Ni2+ and Cd2+, respectively. The FTIR analysis of MC, MO and MC + MO revealed that CC, CO and NH were the main functional groups playing roles in the removal of heavy metals from the water samples. The mechanism of adsorption took place by chemisorption and physisorption. The total cost of the water treatment system with a capacity of 50 L was US$17, and considered suitable for remote, lower income communities.CONCLUSIONThe MC + MO biomass was efficient in adsorbing heavy metal ions from water samples owing to the presence of abundant functional groups.