bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROTOTYPE LAMPU PENERANGAN PERSAWAHAN OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN SOLAR CELL DAN SENSOR CAHAYA
Authors: Rahayu Nadiyah , Permadi Dimas Fanny Hebrasianto 
Published: November 2020

Lampu merupakan salah satu komponen terpenting dalam penerangan di ruangan ataupun diluar ruangan. Lampu memberikan manfaat yang sangat besar khususnya pada malam hari. Penulis pada penelitian ini telah mengembangkan lampu penerangan otomatis yang diterapkan pada area persawahan, biasanya lampu otomatis ini hanya diterapkan pada sepanjang jalan raya. Dengan adanya lampu penerangan otomatis diarea persawahan ini dapat membantu petani saat musim panen tebu yang biasanya dilakukan sampai malam hari. Lampu penerangan persawahan ini tidak memakai sumber listrik PLN namun menggunakan energi matahari yang kemudian diubah menjadi energi listrik dengan bantuan solar cell. Suhu ideal pertumbuhan dan pembentukan sukrosa tebu berkisar antara 24°C-34°C dengan perbedaan suhu antara siang dan malam tidak lebih dari 10°C. Proses penyimpanan sukrosa ini paling efektif dan optimal pada suhu 15°C. Oleh sebab itu, tebu yang dipanen malam hari berpotensi lebih manis daripada tebu yangg dipanen pada siang hari. Hasil dari pengujian alat yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti yaitu lampu dapat menyala dan mati secara otomatis dengan bantuan sensor LDR. Lampu led akan mati saat nilai sensor LDR lebih kecil dari 899, dan lampu led akan menyala jika nilai sensor LDR lebih besar dari 900. Solar cell dapat mengisi baterai Li-Ion (Lithium-Ion) berjumlah 1-4 buah. Waktu yang paling optimal untuk proses charging solar cell yaitu antara jam 09.00 – jam 15.00.
Replication of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in RAW264.7 Phagocytes Correlates With Hypoxia and Lack of iNOS Expression
Authors: Wrande Marie , Vestö Kim , Puiac Banesaru Speranta , Anwar Naeem , Nordfjell Johan , Liu Lifeng , McInerney Gerald M. , Rhen Mikael 
Published: November 2020

Salmonella infection associates with tissue hypoxia, while inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), relying for its activity on molecular oxygen, stands as a central host defence measure in murine salmonellosis. Here, we have detailed hypoxia and iNOS responses of murine macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells upon infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. We noted that only a proportion of the infected RAW264.7 cells became hypoxic or expressed iNOS. Heavily infected cells became hypoxic, while in parallel such cells tended not to express iNOS. While a proportion of the infected RAW264.7 cells revealed shutdown of protein synthesis, this was only detectable after 12 h post infection and after iNOS expression was induced in the cell culture. Our data implicate an intrinsic heterogeneity with regard to hypoxia and iNOS expression in a cell culture-based infection setting.
Insights Into Histoplasma capsulatum Behavior on Zinc Deprivation
Authors: Assunção Leandro do Prado , Moraes Dayane , Soares Lucas Weba , Silva-Bailão Mirelle Garcia , de Siqueira Janaina Gomes , Baeza Lilian Cristiane , Báo Sônia Nair , Soares Célia Maria de Almeida , Bailão Alexandre Melo 
Published: November 2020

Histoplasma capsulatum is a thermodimorphic fungus that causes histoplasmosis, a mycosis of global incidence. The disease is prevalent in temperate and tropical regions such as North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. It is known that during infection macrophages restrict Zn availability to H. capsulatum as a microbicidal mechanism. In this way the present work aimed to study the response of H. capsulatum to zinc deprivation. In silico analyses showed that H. capsulatum has eight genes related to zinc homeostasis ranging from transcription factors to CDF and ZIP family transporters. The transcriptional levels of ZAP1, ZRT1, and ZRT2 were induced under zinc-limiting conditions. The decrease in Zn availability increases fungicidal macrophage activity. Proteomics analysis during zinc deprivation at 24 and 48 h showed 265 proteins differentially expressed at 24 h and 68 at 48 h. Proteins related to energy production pathways, oxidative stress, and cell wall remodeling were regulated. The data also suggested that low metal availability increases the chitin and glycan content in fungal cell wall that results in smoother cell surface. Metal restriction also induces oxidative stress triggered, at least in part, by reduction in pyridoxin synthesis.
Cardiac Ambulatory Monitoring: New Wireless Device Validated Against Conventional Holter Monitoring in a Case Series
Authors: Murali Srinivasan , Brugger Nicolas , Rincon Francisco , Mashru Manoj , Cook Stéphane , Goy Jean-Jacques 
Published: November 2020

Background: Cardiac arrhythmias are very common but underdiagnosed due to their transient and asymptomatic nature. An optimization of arrhythmia detection would permit to better treat patients and could substantially reduce morbidity and mortality. The SmartCardia ScaAI wireless patch is a novel CE IIa approved, single-lead electrocardiographic (ECG) ambulatory monitor designed for cardiac arrhythmias detection.Hypothesis: The accuracy of the new SmartCardia wireless patch to detect arrhythmias is comparable to the conventional Holter monitoring.Methods: Patients referred for a suspicion of arrhythmia between February and March 2020 were included in the trial. Simultaneous ambulatory ECG were recorded using a conventional 24-h Holter and the SmartCardia. The primary endpoint was the detection of cardiac arrhythmias over the total wear time of the devices, defined as premature atrial contraction (PAC), supraventricular tachycardia ≥3 beats, premature ventricular contraction (PVC), and ventricular tachycardia ≥3 beats. Conduction abnormalities, pause ≥2 s and atrioventricular block (AVB), were also tracked. McNemar's test was used to compare the matched pairs of data from both devices.Results: A total of 40 patients were included in the trial. Over the total wear time, there was no significant difference between the devices for ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias detection. Pauses and AVB were equally identified by the two devices in three patients.Conclusion: Over the total wear time, the SmartCardia device showed an accuracy to detect arrhythmia similar to the 24-h Holter monitoring: single-lead, adhesive-patch monitoring might become an interesting alternative to the conventional Holter monitoring.
A Novel Apoptosis-Related Gene Signature Predicts Biochemical Recurrence of Localized Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Zhang Qijie , Zhao Kai , Song Lebin , Ji Chengjian , Cong Rong , Luan Jiaochen , Zhou Xiang , Xia Jiadong , Song Ninghong 
Published: November 2020

Background: Nowadays, predictions of biochemical recurrence (BCR) in localized prostate cancer (PCa) patients after radical prostatectomy (RP) are mainly based on clinical parameters with a low predictive accuracy. Given the critical role of apoptosis in PCa occurrence and progression, we aimed to establish a novel predictive model based on apoptosis-related gene signature and clinicopathological parameters that can improve risk stratification for BCR and assist in clinical decision-making.Methods: Expression data and corresponding clinical information were obtained from four public cohorts, one from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and three from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify candidate modules closely correlated to BCR, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to build the gene signature. Time-dependent receiver operating curve (ROC) and Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analysis were used to assess the prognostic value. Finally, we analyzed the expression of genes in the signature and validated the results using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).Results: The novel gene signature we established exhibited a high prognostic value and was able to act as an independent risk factor for BCR [Training set: P &lt; 0.001, hazard ratio (HR) = 7.826; Validation set I: P = 0.006, HR = 2.655; Validation set II: P = 0.003, HR = 4.175; Validation set III: P &lt; 0.001, HR = 3.008]. Nomogram based on the gene signature and clinical parameters was capable of distinguishing high-risk BCR patients. Additionally, functional enrichment analysis showed several enriched pathways and biological processes, which might help reveal the underlying mechanism. The expression results of qRT-PCR were consistent with TCGA results.Conclusion: The apoptosis-related gene signature could serve as a powerful predictor and risk factor for BCR in localized PCa patients after RP.
Optimized Protocol for Characterization of Mouse Gut Innate Lymphoid Cells
Authors: Valle-Noguera Ana , Gómez-Sánchez María José , Girard-Madoux Mathilde J. H. , Cruz-Adalia Aranzazu 
Published: November 2020

Since their discovery, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have gradually been gaining greater relevance in the field of immunology due to their multiple functions in the innate immune response. They can mainly be found in mucosal and barrier organs like skin, gut, and lungs, and have been classified into five main types (NKs, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and Lti cells) according to their function and development. They all play major roles in functions such as tissue homeostasis, early pathogen defense, regulation of inflammation, or tissue remodeling. ILCs are mostly tissue-resident cells tightly bound to the tissue structure, a fact that requires long and complex protocols that do not always provide sufficient yield for analysis. This suggests the need for optimized approaches aimed at ensuring that enriched and viable ILC samples are obtained, in order to furnish quality results. Herein a detailed protocol is established for obtaining a single-cell suspension highly enriched in lymphoid cells from mouse gut in order to identify the different subsets of ILCs by means of flow cytometry. The cell marker panel and flow cytometry gating strategies for identification and quantification of all the different ILC populations are provided for simultaneous analysis. Moreover, the protocol described includes a procedure for studying the different cytokines produced by ILC3s involved in maintaining the integrity of the gut barrier and defending against extracellular pathogens. As a result, herein an efficient method is presented for studying mouse ILCs within the lamina propria of the small intestine and colon; this can constitute a useful tool for future investigations in the field.
Combining Stochastic Resonance Vibration With Exergaming for Motor-Cognitive Training in Long-Term Care; A Sham-Control Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: de Bruin Eling D. , Baur Heiner , Brülhart Yvonne , Luijckx Eefje , Hinrichs Timo , Rogan Slavko 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: Physical and mental functions allow classifying older adults as “Go-Go” (independent functioning); “Slow-Go” (in need of care with a slight handicap); and “No-Go” (in need of care with severe functional limitation). The latter group exhibits reduced exercise tolerance. More recently technology-based motor-cognitive types of training services emerged as a possible training service. This study examined the use of technology including stochastic resonance whole-body vibration and Exergame-dance training for motor-cognitive training in care home dwelling adults.Methods: Seventeen older adults (10 women, 7 men, age range: 79–98) were randomly assigned to the intervention (IG, n = 9) or the sham group (SG, n = 8). IG performed five sets of 1-min whole-body vibration with 1-min rest in between, three times a week for the first 4 weeks of the training period with varying frequency. From weeks five to eight the Exergame-dance training was conducted after the vibration sessions. SG performed a stochastic resonance whole-body vibration training with the same terms applied, however, with a fixed frequency of 1 Hz, Noise 1. From weeks five to eight a passive trampoline-programme of 5 min was applied following the vibration sessions. Primary outcome was the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Secondary outcomes were the Trail Making Test A and B (TMT A &amp; B) and the Falls Efficacy Scale–International (FES-I). Outcomes were measured at baseline, after 4 and 8 weeks of intervention and at follow-up (4 weeks after the intervention). The non-parametric Puri and Sen rank-order test was applied, followed by an ANOVA for repeated measures to analyse main and interaction effects. Mann–Whitney U-Test was used to determine differences between the groups.Results: The post-hoc analysis showed significant effects on the SPPB total score with large effect sizes from baseline to 8 weeks (+72%, p = 0.005, η2 = 0.423). The TMT part B displayed significant improvements with large effect sizes from baseline to 8 weeks (+17.5%, p = 0.002, η2 = 0.779) and to follow-up (+21%, p = 0.001, η2 = 0.827).Conclusion: The technology based 8-week training programme consisting of a combination of stochastic resonance whole-body vibration and Exergame-dance training showed beneficial effects on both physical and cognitive performance in older care home dwelling adults.
Impact of COVID-19 on the Healthcare of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comparison Between Epicenter vs. Non-epicenter Areas
Authors: Qiu Yun , Zhang Ying-Fan , Zhu Liang-Ru , He Jin-Shen , Tan Jin-Yu , Tan Nian-Di , Lin Si-Nan , Lin Xiao-Qing , Ghosh Subrata , Chen Min-Hu , Mao Ren 
Published: November 2020

Background and Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic poses a great challenge to healthcare. We aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the healthcare of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in epicenter and non-epicenter areas.Methods: Patients with IBD from Hubei province (the epicenter of COVID-19) and Guangdong province (a non-epicenter area), China were surveyed during the pandemic. The questionnaire included change of medications (steroids, immunomodulators, and biologics), procedures (lab tests, endoscopy, and elective surgery), and healthcare mode (standard healthcare vs. telemedicine) during 1 month before and after the outbreak of COVID-19.Results: In total, 324 IBD patients from Guangdong province (non-epicenter) and 149 from Hubei province (epicenter) completed the questionnaire with comparable demographic characteristics. Compared to patients in Guangdong province (non-epicenter), significantly more patients in Hubei (epicenter) had delayed lab tests/endoscopy procedures [61.1% (91/149) vs. 25.3% (82/324), p &lt; 0.001], drug withdrawal [28.6% (43/149) vs. 9.3% (30/324), p &lt; 0.001], delayed biologics infusions [60.4% (90/149) vs. 19.1% (62/324), p &lt; 0.001], and postponed elective surgery [16.1% (24/149) vs. 3.7% (12/324), p &lt; 0.001]. There was an increased use of telemedicine after the outbreak compared to before the outbreak in Hubei province [38.9% (58/149) vs. 15.4% (23/149), p &lt; 0.001], while such a significant increase was not observed in Guangdong province [21.9% (71/324) vs. 18.8% (61/324), p = 0.38]. Approximately two-thirds of IBD patients from both sites agreed that telemedicine should be increasingly used in future medical care.Conclusions: Our patient-based survey study in a real-world setting showed that COVID-19 resulted in a great impact on the healthcare of patients with IBD, and such an impact was more obvious in the epicenter compared to the non-epicenter area of COVID-19. Telemedicine offers a good solution to counteract the challenges in an unprecedented situation such as COVID-19.
Tarlov Cysts Misdiagnosed as Adnexal Masses in Pelvic Sonography: A Literature Review
Authors: Kim Shengshu , Lee Ho jun , Park Joong Hyun , Kim Taeyeon , Nam Kiyeun 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: A Tarlov cyst (TC) is a perineural cyst filled with cerebrospinal fluid that originates from the dorsal ganglion or the spinal posterior nerve root. TCs are usually asymptomatic and incidentally found in the sacral region. Endopelvic extension of TCs is uncommon and can be misdiagnosed as an adnexal mass on gynecological ultrasound imaging.Methods: We performed a search for all clinical studies of TCs that mimicked adnexal masses that had been published through October 12, 2020. We placed no restrictions on language or year of publication in our search, and we performed searches with the following keywords: perineural cyst, Tarlov cyst, sclerotherapy, management, and prognosis. We included all misdiagnosed cases or cases considered as adnexal masses on pelvic sonography.Results: We identified 21 cases of TCs mimicking adnexal masses and conducted a comprehensive analysis of these 21 cases to assess the epidemiology, symptoms, initial diagnoses, provisional ultrasound diagnoses, confirmative modalities, sizes, locations, treatments, and outcomes. The 21 cases included 16 symptomatic cases (76%) and 5 cases with incidental findings (24%), and the average patient age was 41.3 years. The initial diagnosis was performed with ultrasonography in all cases. The most frequent misdiagnosis was unspecified adnexal mass. Confirmative diagnostic modalities were MRI only (67%), CT only (5%), and both MRI and CT (28%). Treatments were surgery (33%), conservative treatment (19%), percutaneous intervention (5%), and alcohol sclerotherapy (5%). In two symptomatic cases misdiagnosed as pelvic masses, cystectomy was performed and leakage of cerebrospinal fluid occurred, necessitating repair of the leak. In one of the asymptomatic patients, cauda equina syndrome occurred after alcohol sclerotherapy for misdiagnosed TC. However, the patient improved with no neurologic deficit after 18 months of conservative treatment.Conclusion: The possibility of large TCs should be considered when assessing adnexal masses in sonography. Since TCs can masquerade as pelvic masses, they should be considered if the mass appears tubular/cystic or multilocular/multiseptate, does not move with respiration, and originates from the sacrum in sonography with or without neurologic symptoms. Accurate diagnosis can prevent medical mismanagement and reduce patient discomfort.
Time Intervals Under the Lens at Sweden’s First Diagnostic Center for Primary Care Patients With Nonspecific Symptoms of Cancer. A Comparison With Matched Control Patients
Authors: Sundquist Jan , Palmér Karolina , Rydén Stefan , Sävblom Charlotta , Ji Jianguang , Stenman Emelie 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionFast-track referral pathways for patients with nonspecific, serious symptoms have been implemented in several countries. Our objective was to analyze time intervals in the diagnostic routes of patients diagnosed with cancer at Sweden’s first Diagnostic Center (DC) for nonspecific symptoms and compare with time intervals of matched control patients.MethodsAdult patients with nonspecific symptoms that could not be explained by an initial investigation in primary care were eligible for referral to the DC. Patients diagnosed with cancer were matched with patients at another hospital within the same healthcare organization. We aimed for two control patients per DC-patient and matched on tumor type, age and sex. Five time intervals were compared: 1) patient interval (first symptom—primary care contact), 2) primary care interval (first visit—referral to the DC/secondary care), 3) diagnostic interval (first visit—cancer diagnosis), 4) information interval (cancer diagnosis—patient informed) and 5) treatment interval (cancer diagnosis—treatment start). Comparisons between groups and matched cohort analyses were made.ResultsSixty-four patients (22.1%) were diagnosed with cancer at the DC, of which eight were not matchable. Forty-two patients were matched with two controls and 14 were matched with one control. There were no significant differences in patient-, primary care-, or diagnostic intervals between the groups. The information interval was shorter at the DC compared to the control group (difference between matched pairs 7 days, p = 0.001) and the treatment interval was also shorter at the DC with significant differences in the matched analysis (difference between matched pairs 13 days, p = 0.049). The findings remained the same in four sensitivity analyses, made to compensate for differences between the groups.ConclusionsUp to diagnosis, we could not detect significant differences in time intervals between the DC and the control group. However, the shorter information and treatment intervals at the DC should be advantageous for these patients who will get timely access to treatment or palliative care. Due to limitations regarding comparability between the groups, the results must be interpreted with caution and further research is warranted.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov-ID: NCT01709539. Registration-date: October 18, 2012.
Prognostic Value of Androgen Receptor Splice Variant 7 in the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Jiaxin , Zhang Yucong , Wei Chao , Gao Xintao , Yuan Penghui , Gan Jiahua , Li Rui , Liu Zhuo , Wang Tao , Wang Shaogang , Liu Jihong , Liu Xiaming 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe prognostic value of androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) for the treatment response of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to synthesize relevant studies that assessed the prognostic value of AR-V7 status for the treatment response of mCRPC patients treated with androgen receptor signalling inhibitors (ARSis) and chemotherapy.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE databases by using the keywords AR-V7 and prostate cancer to identify relevant studies published before 25 September 2019. The main outcomes were prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effects model. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.ResultsA total of 1,545 patients from 21 studies were included. For the mCRPC patients treated with ARSis, AR-V7-positive patients had a lower PSA response rate (OR 6.01, 95% CI 2.88–12.51; P &lt; 0.001), shorter PFS (HR 2.56, 95% CI 1.80–3.64; P &lt; 0.001) and shorter OS (HR 4.28, 95% CI 2.92–6.27; P &lt; 0.001) than AR-V7-negative patients. Although AR-V7-positive patients treated with chemotherapy also had a lower PSA response rate (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.38–3.62; P = 0.001) and shorter OS than AR-V7-negative patients (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.02–2.53; P = 0.043), there was no significant difference in PFS (HR 1.05, 95% CI 0.74–1.49; P = 0.796) between these groups. Furthermore, AR-V7-positive patients receiving ARSis had a shorter median OS than those receiving chemotherapy (HR 3.50, 95% CI 1.98–6.20; P &lt; 0.001); There was no significant difference among AR-V7-negative patients (HR 1.30, 95% CI 0.64–2.62; P = 0.47).ConclusionsAR-V7 is a potential biomarker of treatment resistance in mCRPC patients. AR-V7-positive mCRPC patients had poorer treatment outcomes than AR-V7-nagetive patients when treated with ARSis. AR-V7-positive patients have better outcomes when treated with taxane than ARSis. Furthermore, the ability of AR-V7 status to predict treatment outcomes varies from different detection methods. The detection of AR-V7 before treatment is important for the selection of treatment modalities for mCRPC patients.