bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Definitions for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Doherty Kathleen M. , Scott Theresa A. , Morad Anna , Crook Travis , McNeer Elizabeth , Lovell Kim S. , Gay James C. , Patrick Stephen W. 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
National estimates indicate that the incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), a postnatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, increased more than fivefold between 2004 and 2016. There is no gold standard definition for capturing NAS across clinical, research, and public health settings. Our objective was to evaluate how different definitions of NAS modify the calculated incidence when applied to a known population of opioid-exposed infants.

METHODS:
Data for this retrospective cohort study were obtained from opioid-exposed infants born at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in 2018. Six commonly used clinical and surveillance definitions of opioid exposure and NAS were applied to the study population and evaluated for accuracy in assessing clinical withdrawal.

RESULTS:
A total of 121 opioid-exposed infants met the criteria for inclusion in our study. The proportion of infants who met criteria for NAS varied by predefined definition, ranging from 17.4% for infants who received morphine to 52.8% for infants with the diagnostic code for opioid exposure. Twenty-eight infants (23.1%) received a clinical diagnosis of NAS by a medical provider, and 38 (34.1%) received the diagnostic code for NAS at discharge.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found significant variability in the incidence of opioid exposure and NAS among a single-center population using 6 common definitions. Our findings suggest a need to develop a gold standard definition to be used across clinical, research, and public health surveillance settings.
Imagens do petroceno: habitabilidade e resistência quilombola nas infraestruturas do petróleo em manguezais do Recôncavo Baiano
Authors: Buti Rafael Palermo 
Published: December 2020

Neste ensaio fotoetnográfico, trago imagens e narrativas do petroceno, entendido como a infraestrutura do petróleo nas paisagens de manguezal do Recôncavo Baiano. Tomando como referência o debate sobre o antropoceno, pretendo contar histórias sobre os efeitos da cadeia petroleira nos territórios quilombolas e pesqueiros da região, mostrando formas de precarização, habitabilidade e modos de engajamento dos quilombolas e pescadores artesanais. A intenção é contribuir para o debate público sobre os efeitos da contaminação da cadeia de exploração de petróleo nas áreas de manguezal, fomentando os direitos de reparação dos pescadores artesanais e a recuperação dos seus ambientes de vida, bem como a inclusão de suas perspectivas nas políticas de conservação e recuperação deste ecossistema.
A RELEVÂNCIA DO PNE E SUA CONSIDERAÇÃO PELOS ENTES ESTATAIS
Authors: IBAÑEZ César Augusto 
Published: December 2020

O artigo teve como propósito evidenciar a relevância do Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE), assim como identificar a consideração dada pelo poder público para o referido Plano. Desta forma, o problema de nosso trabalho girou em torno de como destacar a relevância do PNE e identificar a postura dos entes estatais para com ele. Fundamentalmente, este artigo foi fruto de uma pesquisa documental, que no intuito de enriquecer o debate acerca da importância do PNE, buscou refletir acerca das metas e estratégias desse Plano à luz das quatro dimensões do direito à educação: disponibilidade, acessibilidade, aceitabilidade e adaptabilidade. Na intenção de verificar a postura dos entes estatais para com o Plano, nessa pesquisa documental, confrontou-se suas metas e estratégias com os índices de cumprimento das metas e objetivos constantes no site do INEP. Concluiu-se destacando o que foi possível inferir acerca das informações fornecidas pelos documentos e pelas análises realizadas. Palavras-chave: Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE). Comitê sobre Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais (CDESC). Direito à educação.
Roadmap of shifting to online education during COVID-19
Authors: Asilkan Ozcan , Domnori Elton 
Published: December 2020

After the widespread of the corona virus disease 2019 corona virus pandemic, most educational institutions stopped conventional in-class teaching all over the world. The Metropolitan University of Tirana (UMT) in Albania took a rapid decision for shifting to online education by estimating that the pandemic might continue longer than expected, which could create difficulties to gain the time lost. Considering these circumstances, UMT immediately formed a specialised team to prepare the roadmap for starting online education. This team evaluated the existing online platforms and prepared a guideline to be followed for a smooth shift. As a consequence, the university shifted to online education with more than 80% of the students’ attendance from the earliest days. This study presents the road map that was developed rapidly and applied effectively for a quick but smooth shift to online education.

Keywords: Education, shift to online education, coronavirus, COVID-19, pandemic, Albania.
Um Novo Paradigma em Investigação em Saúde: Dados FAIR (Localizáveis, Acessíveis, Interoperáveis, Reutilizáveis)
Authors: Almada Marta , Midão Luis , Portela Diana , Dias Ines , Núñez-Benjumea Francisco J. , Parra-Calderón Carlos L. , Costa Elísio 
Published: December 2020

Vivemos uma nova era digital que está a transformar a saúde, os modelos de cuidados e serviços de saúde, e o próprio papel da sociedade nesta realidade. Atualmente dispomos de uma grande quantidade de dados de saúde armazenados, incluindo dados clínicos, biométricos e de investigação científica, cuja potencialidade não está a ser devidamente explorada. É essencial favorecer a partilha e reutilização destes dados não só na investigação, como também para o desenvolvimento de tecnologias para melhorar a eficiência dos cuidados de saúde, de produtos ou serviços de saúde digitais, promover uma medicina preventiva e individualizada, mas também o empoderamento da população em literacia em saúde e na gestão da doença. Recentemente, surgiu o conceito FAIR que implica que os dados de saúde sejam facilmente localizáveis, acessíveis, partilhados e reutilizáveis, facilitando desta forma a interoperacionalidade entre sistemas e assegurando a proteção de dados pessoais e sensíveis. Neste artigo é feita uma revisão do conceito FAIR, processo de ‘FAIRificação’, dados FAIR versus dados de acesso livre, questões de éticas e o regulamento geral de proteção de dados, e saúde digital e ciência cidadã.
Sodium Sulfate (Na2SO4) Detection Using Graphene Coated Microfiber
Authors: Yasin M , Pujiyanto Pujiyanto , Anngita D , Fanany I A 
Published: December 2020

We investigate the coating of graphene onto the silica microfiber sensor for sodium sulfate measurement at room temperature. The graphene obtained from graphene-polylactic acid filament was coated onto the microfiber based on drop casting methods. In this work, the graphene acts as cladding to interact with analyte as well as functions to trap either sodium cation or sulfate anion and increases the effective refractive index of the cladding. The sensor has a good sensitivity of 0.82 dBm/% and resolution of 1.16 %. The sensitivity and resolution of the sensor were increased by the coating of graphene layer.
MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTIC STUDY OF COBALT ALLOY PREPARED BY POWDER METALLURGY METHOD
Authors: Aminatun Aminatun , Ady Jan , KD Mega Farynda 
Published: December 2020

This study was conducted to determine the effect of compaction pressure and sintering temperature variations on the properties of physical, mechanical, and micro cobalt alloy. Manufacture of the cobalt alloy with compositions 63,75%, chromium 30%, molybdenum 5%, manganese 0,5%, silicon 0,5%, and 0,25% nitrogen using powder metallurgy method. Variations of compaction pressure were 339,70 MPa, 396,31 MPa, dan 452,93 MPa, and sintered at temperature 12000C and 130 0C for 2 hours of holding time. Density was increased along with the increasing compaction pressure and sintering temperature (3,9-6,6 g/cm). The hardness was also increased along with the increasing compaction pressure and sintering temperature 205,1-316,2 VHN. XRD results showed that γ phase with fcc structure was formed at the temperature of 12000C and 13000C for all variations of pressure. SEM-EDX results showed that the oxygen content decreased along with increasing compaction pressure and sintering temperature. Based on ASTM F75 hardness standard, the sample with compaction pressure 452,93 MPa and sintered at 13000C was the best cobalt alloy with a hardness value of 316.2 VHN.
Prediction of histological grade using preoperative multi-sequence MRI-based radiomics signature in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Tang Xing , Bai Guoyan , Zhu Yuanqiang , Wang Hong , Zhang Jian , Guo Fan , Yin Hong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is treatable when caught early, yet limited non-invasive methods exist for grading NSCLC patients. In the present study, we aimed to examine the diagnostic utility of multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics and clinical features for grading NSCLC. Methods: In this retrospective study, 148 patients with postoperative pathologically-confirmed NSCLC were recruited. Both preoperative T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) and multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were performed on a 1.5 T MRI scanner. A total of 2775 radiomics features were extracted from the T2WI, DWI, and the corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps of patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and stepwise regression method were used for feature selection using the training cohort (n=110). Next, these features were further evaluated assessed in the two cohorts using a non-linear support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Lastly, a Radscore model was used to develop the radiomics-clinical nomogram.Results: Favorable discrimination performance was obtained for five of the optimal features using both cohorts, as demonstrated by the area under the curves (AUC) of 0.761 and 0.753. In addition, the radiomics-clinical nomogram, which integrated the Radscore with four independent clinical predictors, showed higher discriminative power, with AUCs of 0.814 and 0.767 for the X.T cohort and H.Y cohort, respectively. The nomogram showed excellent predictive performance and potential clinical utility for grading NSCLC.Conclusions: Multi-sequence MRI radiomics features can stratify NSCLC tumor grades noninvasively. The radiomics features can be integrated with the clinical features to improve its predictive performance.
R9AP is a functional receptor for Epstein-Barr virus infection in both epithelial cells and B cells
Authors: Zeng Mu-Sheng , yan li , Zhang Hua , Dong Xiao-Dong , Sun Cong , Kong Xiang-Wei , Dai Dan-Ling , Zhu Qian-Ying , Yuan Li , Li Yu-Chun , Zhong Qian , Gao Song , Tang Ya-Ping , Yang Jin-Ying , McGuire Andrew , Zhao Bo , Zeng Yi-Xin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), also known as the first human tumor virus, is linked to about 200,000 new cancer cases and millions of non-malignant diseases every year. EBV infects both human epithelial cells and B cells. Several virally encoded glycoproteins define tropism and mediate a complicated entry process. Here, we show that in both epithelial cells and B cells, R9AP silencing or genetic knockout significantly inhibits EBV infection, whereas R9AP overexpression promotes EBV infection, establishing R9AP as an essential entry receptor for EBV. Mechanistically, R9AP directly binds to EBV glycoproteins gH/gL to mediate membrane fusion. Importantly, the interaction of R9AP with gH/gL is inhibited by the highly potent, competitive gH/gL neutralizing antibody AMMO1 that blocks EBV infection of both epithelial cells and B cells. Furthermore, a R9AP peptide encompassing the gH/gL binding site inhibits EBV infection in vitro and reduces viral load in EBV infected humanized mice. Altogether, we propose R9AP as the first characterized receptor for EBV infection common to epithelial cells and B cells and a potential target for intervention.
Distribution of Active Faults and Lithospheric Discontinuities in the Himalayan-Tibetan Orogenic Zone Identified by Multiscale Gravity Analysis
Authors: Wu Xiaolong , Wu Jifeng , Xiang Yang , Sohail Khan Muhammad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To reveal the spatial distribution of major active faults and structural discontinuities in the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen, this paper presents wavelet multiscale analysis of the Bouguer gravity field and solves the total horizontal derivatives of each wavelet detail. The results show that, in general, the crustal discontinuities on the Pamir Plateau and in the Himalayan tectonic zone are significant. On the northern margin of Tibet, active faults are mostly visible only in the deep crust. In eastern Tibet, crustal discontinuities decrease as depth increases. The Himalayan crust is undergoing E-W extension, and material discontinuities are significant along N-S-trending normal faults. The Sangri-Nacuo fault is the tectonic boundary between the Himalayan tectonic zone and the eastern Himalayan syntaxis and cuts off the entire lithosphere of Tibet. The spatial structural distributions of the western and eastern Himalayan syntaxes are very different. The former is relatively intact and extends deeper in the lithosphere, while the latter is more complex and shallower than the Mohorovicic discontinuity, and its overlying crust has deformed intensely from the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Further, the structural distribution in the upper mantle reveals that the wedging Indian plate in the western Himalayan syntaxis almost reaches the SW margin of the Tarim basin and forms a closed structure in western Tibet, which could help to explain the eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau.
Pathogens Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Bloodstream Infections at Twenty-Five NICUs in Eastern China, 2016-2019
Authors: Liu Jing , Fang Zengyu , Yu Yonghui , Ding Yanjei , Liu Zhijie , Zhang Chengyuan , He Haiying , Geng Hongli , Chen Weibing , Zhao Guoying , Liu Qiang , Wang Baoying , Sun Xueming , Wang Shaofeng , Sun Rongrong , Fu Delong , Liu Xinjian , Huang Lei , Li Jing , Xing Xuexue , Wang Xiaokang , Gao Yanling , Zhu Renxia , Han Meiying , Peng Fudong , Geng Min , Deng Liping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
ObjectivesTo describe pathogens distribution and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of neonatal bloodstream infections (BSIs) at 25 NICUs in eastern China, 2016-2019.Study designWe conducted a multicentre retrospective descriptive analysis of all positive blood cultures collected at 25 NICUs of tertiary hospitals between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2019. ResultsFrom 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2019, a total of 1092 pathogenic bacteria isolates were met inclusion criteria among 66516 specimens. 349 (32%) isolates were responsible for early-onset sepsis (EOS), 702 (64.2%) hospital-acquired late-onset sepsis (HALOS), and 41(3.8%) community-acquired late-onset sepsis (CALOS). The majority isolates causing EOS (198/349, 56.7%) and HALOS (437/702, 62.2%) were gram-negative bacteria; The most frequent pathogens causing EOS were Escherichia coli (95/349, 27.2) and group B streptococcus (GBS; 51/349, 14.6%). E coli were primarily identified among preterm infants (58/95, 61.1%) with GBS primarily among term infants (43/51, 84.3%). GBS and Staphylococcus aureus were responsible for 46.3% (19/36) and 41.5% (17/36) of episodes of CALOS. Isolates causing HALOS were more often resistant than isolates causing EOS and CALOS. K. pneumoniae (196/702, 27.9%) as the most common isolates responsible for HALOS were more likely to be resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (124/196, 63.3%), gentamicin (41/196, 20.9%) and carbapenem (26/196, 13.3%). Conclusions Escherichia coli, K. pneumonia and GBS were the most common pathogens in EOS, HALOS and CALOS, respectively. High AMR in K. pneumoniae causing HALOS warrants continued study and devise measures to prevent it in low-income and middle-income countries.
Psychological Well-being During the First Wave of COVID-2019 in Italy. The Influence of Personality Traits
Authors: Oasi Osmano , Rossi Chiara , Bonanomi Andrea 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The Coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) had a strong psychological impact on the Italian population. Fear of infection, lock-down, social isolation, loneliness and uncertainty inevitably influenced people’s well-being. The current study represents one of the first Italian researches to provide data on the association between psychological health and personality traits during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: This explorative study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological health and to identify if psychological well-being could be influenced by personality traits. 2103 participants completed an online survey that included the PGWBI, the ITAPI-S and a general questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical regressions were performed using SPSS software.Results: Vulnerability turns out to be a particularly relevant personality trait within the sample. In the regression analyses it influenced negatively PGWBI total score (β=-0.62), anxiety (β=-0.55), depression (β=-0.46), positivity and well-being (β=-0.51), vitality(β=-0.45), general health (β=-0.12) and self-control (β=-0.52). On the contrary, the dynamicity trait influenced positively vitality (β=0.12) and positivity and well-being (β=0.14).Conclusion: The results highlight that in order to prevent the risk of the onset of mental disorders, it is necessary to take care not only of who is already suffering from psychological disorders but also of the non-clinical population. Before the outbreak of the virus, people did not feel so helpless and vulnerable in the face of events thanks to the evolutions in every scientific field. COVID-19 awoke weakness aspects in terms of anxious and depressive states. The results may assist mental healthcare professionals in safeguarding the psychological well-being of the Italian community in the wake of the pandemic.
Effect of Perioperative Coagulation Monitoring by Sonoclot on Short-Term Thrombosis in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Sun Ying , Zhu Min , Liu Feng , Jia Lili , Sheng Mingwei , Thapa Sudeshnna , Yu Wenli 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Sonoclot devices are used to monitor coagulation function in transplant patients. However, the appropriate value of Sonoclot parameters for reducing postoperative thrombosis in pediatric liver transplantation is not clear. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of coagulation monitoring by Sonoclot devices on early postoperative thrombosis after liver transplantation in children. Method The clinical data of 200 children with elective liver transplantation were collected. The effects of coagulation function monitoring by Sonoclot devices 1 h after ischemia-reperfusion on early thrombosis were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to obtain the sensitivity and cutoff value of Sonoclot parameters for the diagnosis of thrombosis. Results A total of 38 (19%) patients had thrombosis complications. 23 cases (11.5%) had postoperative hepatic artery thrombosis and 15 cases (7.5%) had portal vein and hepatic vein thrombosis. Sonoclot coagulation parameters included the following: for the thrombosis group & non-thrombosis group, whole blood activated clotting time (ACT): 178.5 ± 33.2 & 280.4 ± 58.6 (p < 0.05), clotting rate (CR): 12.4 ± 5.4 & 11.5 ± 5.7 (p > 0.05), and platelet function (PF): 3.0±1.4 & 2.6±1.1 (p>0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that ACT was an independent risk factor for postoperative thrombosis. ROC analysis found that the sensitivity of ACT for the diagnosis of postoperative thrombosis was 94.7%, and the ACT cutoff value to predict early postoperative thrombosis was 228.5 s. Conclusion ACT after ischemia-reperfusion was a risk factor for early postoperative thrombosis. It is recommended that ACT be maintained above 228.5 s to reduce postoperative thrombosis.Trial registrationApproval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Tianjin First Center Hospital in China (Approval Number: 2016N0039KY), and written informed consent was obtained from eligible guardians. This study has been registered in clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: ChiCTR1900026125). All processes were ethical.
Correlation Between Early Screening of Metabolic Syndrome and Body Composition
Authors: Chao Guanqun , Zhang Junlu , Chen Liying 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: To explore and analyze the relationship between adult body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio(WHR), waist height ratio(WHtR), body composition and Metabolic syndrome(MetS), and to determine the optimal critical value of relevant indicators, so as to provide basis for early screening of MetS and help to carry out weight intervention and lifestyle guidance.Method: The subjects were from the adults who had physical examination from March 2018 to June 2019. SPSS 23.0 was used for data analysis. The differences between groups were compared. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of each influencing factor were estimated by multivariate logistic regression model, and the critical values were calculated.Result: According to the analysis of 4766 physical examinees, overweight accounted for 31.2%, obesity accounted for 8.0%. The total prevalence of MetS was 28.6%, in which 37.1% of men and 18.9% of women. 14.11% of patients with normal weight and 2% of patients with light weight had MetS. The prevalence of MetS was related to age, postmenopausal women, BMI and body fat rate. The threshold of BMI was 24.19 kg/m2 for males and 22.59 kg/m2 for females. The critical value of WHR was 0.9 for both men and women. The critical value of WHtR was 0.5 for both men and women; The threshold for body fat was 23.46 per cent for men and 29.97 per cent for women.Conclusion: Body composition is closely related to metabolic level. BMI, WHR, WHR and changes of body composition can be used as reliable indicators for early screening of MetS.
Deuterium-depleted Water Stimulates GLUT4 Translocation in the Presence of Insulin, which Leads to Decreased Blood Glucose Concentration
Authors: Molnár Miklós , Horváth Katalin , Dankó Tamás , Somlyai Ildikó , Kovács Bea Zs , Somlyai Gábor 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDeuterium (D) is a stable isotope of hydrogen (H) with a mass number of 2. It is present in natural waters in the form of HDO, at a concentration of 16.8 mmol/L, equivalent to 150 ppm. In a phase II clinical study, deuterium depletion reduced the fasting glucose concentration and insulin resistance.MethodsIn the study, we tested the effect of subnormal D-concentration on glucose metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model. Animals were randomly distributed into 9 groups to test the effect of D2O (in a range of 25-150 ppm) on glucose metabolism in diabetic animals with or without 2X1 unit/day insulin treatment. Serum glucose, -fructose amine-, -HbAIC, –insulin, and urine glucose were tested. After the 8-week treatment, membrane associated GLUT-4 from soleus muscle content was estimated by Western blot technique.ResultsOur results indicate, that deuterium depletion in the presence of insulin reduced the serum glucose, -fructose amine, and -HbAIC, level on dose dependent manner. The optimal concentration of deuterium was between 125-140 ppm. After 8-week period of deuterium depletion the highest membrane-associated GLUT-4 content was detected at 125 ppm.ConclusionsThese data suggest that deuterium depletion dose-dependently enhances insulin’s effect on GLUT-4 translocation and potentiates glucose uptake in diabetic rats, which explains the lower serum glucose, -fructose amine, and -HbAIC concentrations. Based on our experimental data, deuterium-depleted water could be used to treat patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) by increasing the insulin sensitivity. The experiment indicates that the naturally occurring deuterium has an impact on metabolic regulation.