bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Properties of TiN–Al2O3–TiCN–TiN, TiAlN, and DLC‐coated Ti(C,N)‐based cermets and their wear behaviors during dry cutting of 7075 aluminum alloys
Authors: Liu Junbo , Xiong Ji , Zhou Li , Guo Zhixing , Wen Huiting , You Qianbing , Li Xiangrong , Liu Jian , Zhao Wu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the work, TiAlN for physical vapor deposition (PVD), multilayer TiN‐Al2O3‐TiCN‐TiN for chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and diamond‐like carbon (DLC) for plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) were deposited on the cermet inserts. Characteristics and wear behaviors of the three coated cermets during dry cutting of 7075 aluminum alloys were observed. The results show that TiN‐Al2O3‐TiCN‐TiN coatings have highest adhesion strength and hardness. At the cutting speed of 1100 r/min, the depth of 0.2 mm, and the feed rate of 0.1 mm/r, the three coated inserts show the best wear‐resistant properties. In this case, TiN/Al2O3/TiCN/TiN shows the worst wear‐resistant properties (value of the flank wear [VBB] = 0.062 mm), while DLC coatings show the most excellent wear‐resistant properties (VBB = 0.046 mm). During the cutting of aluminum alloys, which have high plasticity and low melting point, adhesive wear dominate on the flank of the inserts. The thickest coating of TiN/Al2O3/TiCN/TiN results in the bluntest cutting edge, which form the most serious adhesive worn zone. For the TiAlN and DLC coatings, due to a smaller cutting force, the two coatings have much better wear resistance. Further, the self‐lubricating properties of DLC show excellent effect on protecting the inserts. Thus, the DLC‐coated cermets have the best wear‐resistant properties. Further, the TiAlN‐coated cermets have the widest wear‐affected zone while the DLC coating has the narrowest.
Microstructural evolution and interfacial reactions between Ti and ZrO2/CaTiO3 composites
Authors: Lu Ming‐Wei , Lin Kun–Lin , Lin Chien‐Cheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractVarious proportions of ZrO2/CaTiO3 powders were mixed and hot pressed at 1500°C/30 min for Ti casting. The hot‐pressed ZrO2/CaTiO3 composites were reacted with pure Ti at 1700°C/10 min in Ar. The interfacial reaction between Ti and ZrO2/CaTiO3 composites was investigated through X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The ZrO2/CaTiO3 composites with less than 10 vol.%, CaTiO3, and a minor amount of residual TiO2 were found. When the content of ZrO2 was increased to larger than 10 vol.%, two Ca2Zr5Ti2O16 and CaZrTi2O7 phases appeared in the composites. The amount of CaTiO3 and CaZrTi2O7 in the composites gradually decreased as the amount of ZrO2 increased. When Ti came in contact with ZrO2/CaTiO3 composites with less than 10 vol.% ZrO2, the resulting eutectic reaction produced a liquid phase and induced melting. When ZrO2 was increased to more than 30 vol.% in the composites, Ca2Zr5Ti2O16 and CaZrTi2O7 changed completely to CaZrO3, Ti2O, CaO, and ZrO2. With more than 30 vol.% ZrO2, no other reaction phases occurred in the Ti side after contact with the ZrO2/CaTiO3 composites, which is conducive for producing ceramic composites for Ti casting applications.
Discrimination the geographical origin of Yanchi Tan Lamb with different muscle sections by stable isotopic ratios and elemental profiles
Authors: Liu Hongyan , Qin Yuchang , Ma Qing , Zhao Qingyu , Guo Xiaoqing , Ma Lina , Gou Chunlin , Xia Yu , Gan Ren‐You , Zhang Junmin 
Published: November 2020

SummaryIn the study, lamb, feed and soil samples were collected from three regions of China in the year 2017 and 2018. The δ13C and δ15N values in lamb (defatted dry mass and lipids) and grass and the contents of nine elements in lamb, grass and soil were determined. The results indicated that except for Fe, Zn and Rb, most variables of lamb showed significant differences among two or three regions, and the contents of Fe, Sr and Cs showed significant differences between two years, and the contents of Cu and Zn showed significant differences among different muscle sections. Besides, significant correlations were found for δ13C between defatted lamb and lipid (r2 = 0.973, P < 0.05) and for the element contents between lamb and soil. Finally, four key variables δ13C, δ15N, Sr and Mo were selected through stepwise canonical discriminant analysis with the cross‐validation correct classification rate of 99.1%.
Diagnostic and prognostic utility of WBC counts and cell population data in patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Naoum Flávio Augusto , Ruiz Adriana Laridondo Zucareli , Martin Fernando Henrique de Oliveira , Brito Tayra Hostalacio Gomes , Hassem Vitoria , Oliveira Maria Gabriela de Lucca 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionEarly diagnosis and identification of potential critical cases for timely treatment are crucial for COVID‐19 patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the diagnostic and prognostic implications of WBC and cell population data (CPD) abnormalities related to COVID‐19 at disease onset.MethodsBaseline WBC counts and CPD data were analyzed in one hundred COVID‐19 patients presenting to emergency department and subsequently discharged (n=49), admitted (n=51) or deceased (n=22), and in 47 healthy subjects.ResultsLymphopenia and eosinopenia were observed in all COVID‐19 patients, with more intensity in the admitted and deceased groups, that also presented increased WBC and neutrophil counts. On CPD analysis, COVID‐19 was associated with increased volume of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, whereas conductivity was decreased for neutrophils and increased for lymphocytes. The ROC curve analysis showed good performance for lymphocyte counts in predicting COVID‐19 diagnosis (AUC=0.858), for neutrophil counts in predicting admission for COVID‐19 (AUC=0.744) and for monocytes volume in predicting COVID‐19 diagnosis (AUC=0.837).ConclusionWBC counts and CPD parameters at disease onset in COVID‐19 patients can improve diagnostic characterization and aid in the discrimination between severe and nonsevere presentations.
High‐temperature persistent luminescence and visual dual‐emitting optical temperature sensing in self‐activated CaNb2O6: Tb3+ phosphor
Authors: Wei Zhiting , Chen Wenbo , Wang Ziqi , Li Na , Zhang Pengfei , Zhang Meiguang , Zhao Lei , Qiang Qinping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe long persistent luminescence (PersL) and color adjustable properties in high‐temperature environment are of great significance for luminescent materials in the fields of multiple anti‐counterfeiting, biological imaging, and optical temperature sensing (OTS). In this work, a series of self‐activated CaNb2O6 (CNO): Tb3+ phosphors have been successfully synthesized by solid‐state reaction route, the OTS, and temperature‐dependent PersL of these phosphors is carried out and investigated in detail. Relying on the energy transfer from host to the activator Tb3+ ion, the visual color‐tunable emissions from blue to green were detected with the increase of temperature and the maximum absolute and relative sensitivities reach 0.955% K‐1 and 1.243% K‐1. Moreover, the temperature‐dependent PersL characteristics were investigated systematically, and the initial brightness and the lasting time all reach a maximum value at 323 K in the representative CNO: 1%Tb3+ sample. All the results show that the high‐temperature persistent phosphor has potential applications in OTS and anti‐counterfeiting field.
Comparative efficacy of different types of antihypertensive drugs in reversing left ventricular hypertrophy as determined with echocardiography in hypertensive patients: A network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Chen Jian‐Shu , Pei Ying , Li Cai‐e , Li Yin‐ning , Wang Qiong‐ying , Yu Jing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractReversing left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) can reduce the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events. However, there is no clear superiority–inferiority differentiation between angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), beta‐blockers (BB), calcium channel blockers (CCB), and diuretics in reversing LVH in hypertensive patients. To provide further evidence for choosing the optimal antihypertensive drug for improving LVH, we performed a network meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) based on the Cochrane library database, Embase, and Pubmed, and identified 49 studies involving 5402 patients that were eligible for inclusion. It was found that ARB could improve LVH in hypertensive patients more effectively than CCB (MD −4.07, 95%CI −8.03 to −0.24) and BB (MD −4.57, 95%CI −8.07 to −1.12). Matched comparison of renin‐angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) showed that the effect of ACEI in reducing left ventricular mass index (LVMi) was not effective as that of ARB (MD −3.72, 95%CI −7.52 to −0.11). The surface under the cumulative ranking for each intervention indicated that the use of ARB was more effective among the different types of antihypertensive drugs (97%). This network meta‐analysis revealed that the use of ARB in antihypertensive therapy could achieve better efficacy in reversing LVH in hypertensive patients.
High prevalence of masked uncontrolled morning hypertension in elderly non‐valvular atrial fibrillation patients: Home blood pressure substudy of the ANAFIE Registry
Authors: Kario Kazuomi , Hasebe Naoyuki , Okumura Ken , Yamashita Takeshi , Akao Masaharu , Atarashi Hirotsugu , Ikeda Takanori , Koretsune Yukihiro , Shimizu Wataru , Tsutsui Hiroyuki , Toyoda Kazunori , Hirayama Atsushi , Yasaka Masahiro , Yamaguchi Takenori , Teramukai Satoshi , Kimura Tetsuya , Kaburagi Jumpei , Takita Atsushi , Inoue Hiroshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the ANAFIE Registry home blood pressure subcohort, we evaluated 5204 patients aged ≥75 years with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) to assess blood pressure (BP) control, prevalence of masked hypertension, and anticoagulant use. Mean clinic (C) and home (H) systolic/diastolic BP(SBP/DBP) was 128.5/71.3 and 127.7/72.6 mm Hg, respectively. Overall, 77.5% of patients had hypertension; of these, 27.7%, 13.4%, 23.4%, and 35.6% had well‐controlled, white coat, masked, and sustained hypertension, respectively. Masked hypertension prevalence increased with diabetes, decreased renal function, age ≥80 years, current smoker status, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. By morning/evening average, 59.0% of patients had mean H‐SBP ≥ 125 mm Hg; 48.9% had mean C‐SBP ≥ 130 mm Hg. Early morning hypertension (morning H‐SBP ≥ 125 mm Hg) was found in 65.9% of patients. Although 51.1% of patients had well‐controlled C‐SBP, 52.5% of these had uncontrolled morning H‐SBP. In elderly NVAF patients, morning H‐BP was poorly controlled, and masked uncontrolled morning hypertension remains significant.
Hypertension and stroke in Asia: A comprehensive review from HOPE Asia
Authors: Turana Yuda , Tengkawan Jeslyn , Chia Yook Chin , Nathaniel Michael , Wang Ji‐Guang , Sukonthasarn Apichard , Chen Chen‐Huan , Minh Huynh Van , Buranakitjaroen Peera , Shin Jinho , Siddique Saulat , Nailes Jennifer M. , Park Sungha , Teo Boon Wee , Sison Jorge , Ann Soenarta Arieska , Hoshide Satoshi , Tay Jam Chin , Prasad Sogunuru Guru , Zhang Yuqing , Verma Narsingh , Wang Tzung‐Dau , Kario Kazuomi ,   the HOPE Asia Network
Published: November 2020

AbstractStroke is the primary cause of disability and vascular death worldwide, including Asia. Asian characteristics that differ from the West lead to higher stroke incidence. Stroke epidemiology studies in Asia have shown varying levels of mortality, incidence, prevalence, and burden of disease. Hypertension is the most prevalent risk factor found in Asia. Besides ethnicity that is associated with stroke incidence, both systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and blood pressure variability are positively correlated with stroke incidence. Post‐stroke cognitive impairment is one of the sequelae that affect one‐third of stroke survivors and has become a significant public health concern that is often neglected despite its increasing prevalence. Therefore, it is very important to prevent recurrence by treating stroke optimally and effectively. Increasing awareness and treatment adherence to hypertension, the leading risk factor for stroke, became the main goal in several countries in Asia.
The effects of foot reflexology on blood pressure and heart rate: A randomized clinical trial in stage‐2 hypertensive patients
Authors: Kotruchin Praew , Imoun Supap , Mitsungnern Thapanawong , Aountrai Patcharin , Domthaisong Maneenuch , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHypertension (HT) is a prominent cardiovascular risk factor. Although there are various pharmacological treatment choices for this condition, many patients fail to adhere to them, making non‐pharmacological options attractive alternatives. Foot reflexology has been proven to decrease blood pressure (BP), but data are limited in patients with stage‐2 HT. We conducted a randomized clinical trial to examine the effectiveness of foot reflexology in reducing BP and heart rate (HR). Stage‐2 HT patients were enrolled and randomized into the intervention and the control groups (n = 47, each), the former of which underwent foot reflexology during a follow‐up visit. Office BP and HR were measured before and at 15 and 30 min after the procedure in the intervention group and after resting in the control group. In the intervention group, systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and HR at 15 min were significantly lower than at baseline: −3.29 mm Hg (95%CI; −5.64 to −0.93), −1.71 mm Hg (95%CI; −3.11 to −0.32), and −1.71 beats per min (bpm; 95%CI; −2.88 to −0.54), respectively. Similar trends were also observed at 30 min. However, when compared with the control group, only the reduction in HR was significant (−4.96 bpm; 95%CI, −9.63 to −0.28). We conclude that foot reflexology was effective in reducing HR in stage‐2 HT patients and partially effective in reducing BP.
Imaging the eye and its relevance to diabetes care
Authors: Quinn Nicola , Jenkins Alicia , Ryan Chris , Januszewski Andrzej , Peto Tunde , Brazionis Laima 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDiabetes is a major cause of vision loss globally, yet this devastating complication is largely preventable. Early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy necessitates screening. Ocular imaging is widely used clinically, both for the screening and management of diabetic retinopathy. Common eye conditions, such as glaucoma, cataracts and retinal vessel thrombosis, and signs of systemic conditions, such as hypertension, are frequently revealed. As well as imaging by a skilled clinician during an eye examination, non‐ophthalmic clinicians, such as general practitioners, endocrinologists, nurses and trained health workers, can also can carry out diabetic eye screening. This process usually comprises local imaging with remote grading, mostly human grading. However, grading incorporating artificial intelligence is emerging. In a clinical research context, retinal vasculature analyses using semi‐automated software in many populations have identified associations between retinal vessel geometry, such as vessel caliber, and the risk of diabetic retinopathy and other chronic complications of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Similarly, evaluation of corneal nerves by corneal confocal microscopy is revealing diabetes‐related abnormalities, and associations with and predictive power for other chronic diabetes complications. As yet, the value of retinal vessel geometry and corneal confocal microscopy measures at an individual level is uncertain. In this article, targeting non‐ocular clinicians and researchers, we review existent and emerging ocular imaging and grading tools, including artificial intelligence, and their associations between ocular imaging findings and diabetes and its chronic complications.
Characterization of Cystathionine β‐Synthase TtCbs1 and Cysteine Synthase TtCsa1 Involved in Cysteine Biosynthesis in Tetrahymenathermophila
Authors: Lv Hongrui , Xu Jing , Bo Tao , Wang Wei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCysteine is implicated in important biological processes. It is synthesized through two different pathways. Cystathionine β‐synthase and cystathionine γ‐lyase participate in the reverse transsulfuration pathway, while serine acetyltransferase and cysteine synthase function in the de novo pathway. Two evolutionarily related pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate‐dependent enzymes, cystathionine β‐synthase TtCBS1 (TTHERM_00558300) and cysteine synthase TtCSA1 (TTHERM_00239430), were identified from a freshwater protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila. TtCbs1 contained the N‐terminal heme binding domain, catalytic domain, and C‐terminal regulatory domain, whereas TtCsa1 consisted of two α/β domains. The catalytic core of the two enzymes is similar. TtCBS1 and TtCSA1 showed high expression levels in the vegetative growth stage and decreased during the sexual developmental stage. TtCbs1 and TtCsa1 were localized in the cytoplasm throughout different developmental stages. His‐TtCbs1 and His‐TtCsa1 were expressed and purified in vitro. TtCbs1 catalyzed the canonical reaction with the highest velocity and possessed serine sulfhydrylase activity. TtCsa1 showed cysteine synthase activity with high Km for O‐acetylserine and low Km for sulfide and also had serine sulfhydrylase activity toward serine. Both TtCbs1 and TtCsa1 catalyzed hydrogen sulfide producing. TtCBS1 knockdown and TtCSA1 knockout mutants affected cysteine and glutathione synthesis. TtCbs1 and TtCsa1 are involved in cysteine synthesis through two different pathways in T. thermophila.
Ultrasensitive detection of Listeria monocytogenes using solid‐state electrochemiluminescence biosensing based on the quenching effect of ferrocene on ruthenium pyridine
Authors: Chen Weifeng , Wu Jinsong , Li Shan , Zhang Hefan , Cui Liwei , Liu Juntao , Yao Wang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA solid‐state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensing switch system based on the specific recognition of an aptamer and the destruction of pyridine ruthenium by ferrocene was successfully developed for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes detections. The switching system consisted of two principal parts, the ECL luminescent substrate and the ECL intensity switch. The ECL luminescent substrate was fabricated by attaching an aptamer of Listeria monocytogenes modified with DNA labeled with bipyridine ruthenium complementary to one end of the aptamer, and ferrocene‐labeled DNA complementary to the other end of the aptamer, to an electrode, and so act as an intensity switch. The identification reaction consisted of the specific binding of the aptamer with Listeria monocytogenes causing the labeled ferrocene to be removed from the luminescent substrate, the structural change resulting in a significant increase in the intensity of ECL due to the decreased quenching effect of ferrocene toward the ECL luminescent substrate. Accordingly, the change in ECL intensity indirectly reflected the concentration of Listeria monocytogenes in the sample. The results demonstrated that the system produced a good linear relationship over the concentration range of 1.4 × 101–1.4 × 106 CFU/ml. The present study established that this was a feasible approach for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in milk and pork samples.
A higher protein intake at breakfast and lunch is associated with a higher total daily protein intake in older adults: a post‐hoc cross‐sectional analysis of four randomised controlled trials
Authors: Verreijen A. M. , van den Helder J. , Streppel M. T. , Rotteveel I. , Heman D. , van Dronkelaar C. , Memelink R. G. , Engberink M. F. , Visser M. , Tieland M. , Weijs P. J. M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundA protein intake of 30‐40 g per meal is suggested to maximally stimulate muscle protein synthesis in older adults and could therefore contribute to the prevention of sarcopenia. Protein intake at breakfast and lunch is often low and offers a great opportunity to improve daily protein intake. Protein, however, is known for its satiating effects. Therefore, we explored the association between the amount of protein intake at breakfast and lunch and total daily protein intake in older adults.MethodsProtein intake was assessed by a 3‐day food record in 498 community dwelling older adults (≥55 years) participating different lifestyle interventions. Linear mixed model analysis was used to examine the association between protein intake at breakfast or lunch and total daily protein intake, adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, study and total energy intake.ResultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders, a 10 g higher protein intake at breakfast was associated with a 3.2 g higher total daily protein intake (P = 0.008) for males and a 4.9 g (P < 0.001) higher total daily protein intake for females. A 10 g higher protein intake at lunch was associated with a 3.7 g higher total daily protein intake (P < 0.001) for males, and a 5.8 g higher total daily protein intake (P < 0.001) for females.ConclusionsA higher protein intake at breakfast and lunch is associated with a higher total daily protein intake in community dwelling older adults. Stimulating a higher protein intake at breakfast and lunch might represent a promising nutritional strategy to optimise the amount of protein per meal without compromising total daily protein intake.
Variability of mitochondrial energy balance across brain regions
Authors: Cheng XinPing , Vinokurov Andrey Y. , Zherebtsov Evgeniy A. , Stelmashchuk Olga A. , Angelova Plamena R. , Esteras Noemi , Abramov Andrey Y. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBrain is not homogenous and neurons from various brain regions are known to have different vulnerabilities to mitochondrial mutations and mitochondrial toxins. However, it is not clear if this vulnerability is connected to different energy metabolism in specific brain regions. Here, using live‐cell imaging, we compared mitochondrial membrane potential and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) redox balance in acute rat brain slices in different brain regions and further detailed the mitochondrial metabolism in primary neurons and astrocytes from rat cortex, midbrain and cerebellum. We have found that mitochondrial membrane potential is higher in brain slices from the hippocampus and brain stem. In primary co‐cultures, mitochondrial membrane potential in astrocytes was lower than in neurons, whereas in midbrain cells it was higher than in cortex and cerebellum. The rate of NADH production and mitochondrial NADH pool were highest in acute slices from midbrain and midbrain primary neurons and astrocytes. Although the level of adenosine tri phosphate (ATP) was similar among primary neurons and astrocytes from cortex, midbrain and cerebellum, the rate of ATP consumption was highest in midbrain cells that lead to faster neuronal and astrocytic collapse in response to inhibitors of ATP production. Thus, midbrain neurons and astrocytes have a higher metabolic rate and ATP consumption that makes them more vulnerable to energy deprivation.
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