bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of small scale thermal energy in Russia
Authors: Petrushchenkov V. A. , Korshakova I. A. 
Published: December 2020

THE PURPOSE. Perform a review of information sources on the state of small-capacity thermal power in Russia when the unit capacity of steam turbine, gas turbine and gas piston units is less than 25 MW. Evaluate the information sources of the authors of publications that provide statistics for small-scale energy facilities. Make an assessment of the state of small-scale energy in Russia based on a specific list of objects maintained by the authors over the past 25 years. Consider the manufacturers and characteristics of different types of aggregates, as well as the schemes for integrating aggregates into the thermal schemes of existing sources. METHODS. Statistical indicators of small-scale energy facilities presented in tabular form in Excel are determined based on the built-in functions of this program. RESULTS. The production and characteristics of modern units based on steam turbines are considered. Practical schemes for integrating counter-pressure steam turbo generators into the thermal schemes of existing heat sources are presented. Russian and foreign manufacturers and characteristics of electric units based on gas turbines and internal combustion engines operating on the Otto cycle are considered. Thermal diagrams of gas-turbine and gas-piston units producing both electric and thermal energy are given. A statistical analysis of the list of small-scale cogeneration and power plants of simple cycle compiled by the authors is performed. The number of stations of different types, their distribution by total capacity, regions, industries, and years of commissioning are determined. CONCLUSION. It is shown that gas-turbine and gas-piston installations with a total capacity of up to 80% play a decisive role in the structure of small thermal energy. Quantitative indicators - the total number of stations of small-scale power facilities is about 1500 units and the total electric capacity is more than 18 GW allow us to get an idea of the significant role of small-scale heat power in Russia. Quantitative indicators for solar and wind power plants in the country are also considered.
Functional outcome of the treatment of AO-ASIF type C distal humerus fracture using Lambda plate
Authors: Bista Krishna Bahadur , Shrestha Rabeendra Prasad , Shrestha Bhola , Kandel Ishwar Sharma , Dakal Rabi Mohan 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Although the use of two plates for the treatment of type-C distal humerus fracture is popular, site of plate placement still is under debate. Use of Lambda plate for the fracture treatment can be easier and settle the dispute. This study aims to evaluate the functional outcome of the surgery using Lambda Plate. This can be a reference for surgeons and helps them make the decision about choice of implant for type C distal humerus fracture treatment among Nepalese people.
Methods: This interventional study used Lambda plate for the treatment of type C fracture of distal humerus. Patients were examined at 4, 12, and 24 weeks respectively for the measurement of the outcome. Visual analogous scale was used for assessment of pain, range of motion for functional recovery and Mayo Elbow Performance Score was used for the assessment of functional outcome. Paired-samples t-test and linear regression was used to for data analysis.
Results: Functional outcome at the last follow-up was excellent in 24(53.33%) patients, good in 18(40%) patients and fair in 3(6.67%) patients. Range of motion of elbow increased significantly with every follow-up (p-value <0.001). Average angle of flexion at last follow-up was 117.53°±11.74 while loss of extension was 7.53°±4.86. Average number of patients had their fracture union at 19.84±2.38 weeks. There was no association of age, sex and union weeks with functional outcome when measured with MEPS.
Conclusion: Fixation of distal humerus fracture by using Lambda plate gave excellent and satisfying outcome in terms of pain, range of motion and objective functional outcome.
Cross layer design with extensive virtual MIMO: FS-MUP optimization model for wireless sensor network
Authors: Prajapati Monali , Joshi Dr. Jay 
Published: December 2020

In the wireless sensor network (WSN), wireless communication is said to be the dominant power-consuming operation and it is a challenging one. Virtual Multiple-Input–Multiple-Output (V-MIMO) technology is considered to be the energy-saving method in the WSN. In this paper, a novel multihop virtual MIMO communication protocol is designed in the WSN via cross-layer design to enhance the energy efficiency, reliability, and end-to-end (ETE) and Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning. On the basis of the proposed protocol, the optimal set of parameters concerning the transmission and the overall consumed energy by each of the packets is found. Furthermore, the modeling of ETE latency and throughput of the protocol takes place with respect to the bit-error-rate (BER). A novel hybrid optimization algorithm referred as Flight Straight Moth Updated Particle Swarm Optimization (FS-MUP) is introduced to find the optimal BER that meets the QoS, ETE requirements of each link with lower power consumption. Finally, the performance of the proposed model is evaluated over the extant models in terms of Energy Consumption and BER as well.
The trade and economic cooperation between Ukraine and Canada in the context of the free trade agreement
Authors: Kryvenko Nadiia 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Deepening of trade and economic cooperation between the countries remains one of driving forces for their economic development, especially in the context of globalization. Thus, developed countries are the largest exporters and importers in the world market, and special attention is paid to the sale of finished products. The conclusion of regional trade agreements between countries promote development of trade , as trade policy is one of the main issues in them, they take into account the degree of processing of products, the terms of liberalization, quotas and others. Ukraine is also trying to diversifу export and increase its volume as a result of the conclusion of Free Trade Agreements, in particular with Canada.Purpose. Explore the trade and economic relations between Ukraine and Canada, taking into account the Free Trade Agreement and determine the complementarity of relations of countries.Methods. The methods of theoretical generalization, analysis, economic-mathematical modeling, comparison and etc. were used in the work.Results. The artticle emphasizes growth of RTA in the world between countries of different continents and levels of economic development, in particular for example Ukraine and Canada. The development of cooperation between these countries through the study of legal documents concluded by them and the dynamics of bilateral trade is considered. The conclusion of RTA by Canada and Ukraine with a number of other countries is noted, with the selection of the most influential ones, in particular NAFTA and USMCA. The commodity diversification of Canada’s exports and imports, bilateral trade with Ukraine are analyzed, and its increase is observed both in general and in the last years after the conclusion of the Agreement, trade in agrarian products is highlighted.The resulting indicators of trade development between the countries were also calculated, the level of complementarity of the commodity structure of foreign trade of Ukraine and Canada was determined, which indicates the prospects for the development of cooperation between them. The issues of liberalization in the context of the concluded Free Trade Agreement, export requirements are considered, the possible consequences for Ukraine as a result of the concluded Agreement and measures to promote the deepening of trade are presented.Discussion. In the future, we should focus on the research of trade of individual sectors of the economy, commodity diversification of exports and ways of its deepening, the competitiveness of products, increase total export of Canada and Ukraine.
Concept of energy service market enterprices’ development
Authors: Brych Bohdan 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. In the process of economic development, the importance of the energy saving segment for the socio-economic development of Ukraine is to reduce energy and environmental impact. As a result, the role of energy services for the fuel and energy sector is growing. In world practice, the energy service mechanism is one of the most effective measures for energy conservation and optimization of energy consumption of companies and housing and communal services. Accordingly, the financing of energy saving measures on the basis of energy service for domestic enterprises is the area of development that solves important problems in reducing the company’s costs for the energy component of their operation.Methods. The methodological basis of the research is the general scientific and economic-statistical methods: in particular: analysis, synthesis, generalization, schematic and graphical visualization - to formation of conceptual foundations for the development of the energy service market; induction, deduction, dialectical analysis, schematic and graphical visualization - to determine the structure and features of energy consumption, components of the concept of energy service market development.Results. The article is investigated the measures for ensure energy efficiency in the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine. Industrial enterprises for the production use large amounts of energy resources (electricity, heat). One of the problems in strengthening the energy saving of enterprises is the use of old energy equipment. As a result, the importance of developing cooperation between industrial enterprises and energy service companies is growing. The development of the energy service market in Ukraine will contribute to the growth of the number of market participants and the range of energy services; formation of the mechanism of financial and credit support of energy service development; creation of national energy efficiency standards for certain sectors of the economy; creation of a national energy saving strategy based on energy service; wide involvement of local governments in energy service activities. The article is proposed the concept of developing the energy service market. The concept is based on the definition of its components: necessity, opportunities and effectiveness. The main drivers of the concept and directions of its implementation are described. It is proved that a single concept of developing the energy service market will provide a clear strategy for increasing the economic potential of the industry and the profitability of other sectors of the economy.Discussion. The prospect of further research is to form at the level of public administration a clear and effective strategy for energy efficiency of the country’s economy.
Definition of the concept of “material and technical resources” and their relationship with other resources in construction
Authors: Gumenna-Derii Mariia 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. This article makes a null hypothesis about the impossibility of the existence of material and technical resources as an independent object of study, because these resources cann’t be profitable or social effective without other resources. It is clear that material and technical resources become productive when interacting with financial, informational, innovative, time and other types of resources. The emergence of alternative energy sources, constant change of laws, improvement of construction technology, constant struggle for resources, changing financial vectors place new demands on the material and technical resources of construction and require new approaches to accounting and control.The purpose of the study is to formulate a definition of «material and technical resources» and identify their relationship with other resources in construction.Research methods. In the article has been used general scientific and specific research methods, in particular: comparison – to study of theoretical research of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of material and technical resources, and also assets and resources; graphic - to study the amount of capital investment in housing; analysis and synthesis - to identify ways of interaction of material and technical and other types of resources.Results of the research. In the study detected differences in the definition of«resources» and «assets». It is recognized that the concept of «resources» is broader than – «assets», which allows to distinguish these two definitions for future analysis of their components. Based on the analysis of the concepts of «material» and «technical» resources, the author’s definition of «material and technical resources» is formulated. To existing definitions is added that material and technical resources are one of the main elements of entrepreneurial potential, and also that their use brings not only profit, but also social effect, especially in construction. In addition, the relationship between logistics and other resources has been disclosed. The null hypothesis has been proved, it’s about material and technical resources which are not effective without connections with other resources, and their potential is assessed under the condition of interaction with financial, informational, organizational and time resources.Perspectives. In future studies, it’s advisable to disclose the genesis of material and technical resources; identify the main problems of their formation and efficiency of use; to assess the dynamics and trends of the behavior of analytical indicators and make appropriate proposals; develop a model of the relationship of material, technical and financial resources in accounting and control etc.
TINH SẠCH VÀ XÁC ĐỊNH ĐẶC ĐIỂM SINH HÓA CỦA RNA POLYMERASE PHỤ THUỘC RNA (RdRp) TỪ VIRUS GÂY BỆNH TAY-CHÂN-MIỆNG (FMDV)
Authors: TẤN VIỆT PHẠM , NGỌC ẨN NGUYỄN , THỊ DIỆU HẠNH NGUYỄN 
Published: December 2020

Protein RdRp (RNA dependent RNA polymerase) của các virus có vai trò quan trọng trong chu trình sống của virus. Enzyme này được xem là mục tiêu cho các thuốc phòng ngừa và điều trị bệnh. Trong nghiên cứu này, protein RdRp tái tổ hợp của gây bệnh tay chân miệng (FMDV) đã được tinh sạch vàkiểm tra các hoạt tính sinh hóa. Protein RdRp tái tổ hợp với độ tinh sạch hơn 98% đã được thu nhận và thể hiện hoạt tính RNA polymerase với sự tổng hợp RNA phụ thuộc mồi. Chúng tôi đã xác định được giá trị km và Vmax cho sự tổng hợp UTP lần lượt là 13,6 µM và 42 µM/giờ. kcat cho sự xúc tác phản ứng là 0,28 min-1 và kobs cho sự chuyển đổi cơ chất là 0,022 min-1. Chất ức chế cho hoạt động của enzyme DMUT cũng được kiểm tra và IC50 của DMUT là 26,79 µM. Như vậy, đặc điểm sinh hóa của enzyme RdRp của FMDV đã được xác định, đây là cơ sở cho việc sàng lọc các đối tượng thuốc trong phương pháp hóa trị liệu để phòng ngừa và điều trị bệnh tay chân miệng.
Inventario de mamíferos medianos y grandes en la reserva los Titíes de San Juan, Montes de María, Bolívar, Colombia
Authors: García-T Leidy Carolina , Guillen-M Rosamira , Savage Anne 
Published: December 2020

Reportamos el inventario de mamíferos medianos y grandes para la Reserva Nacional de la Sociedad Civil Los Titíes de San Juan en el departamento de Bolívar. Se registraron un total de ocho ordenes, 18 familias y 22 especies, de los cuales dos se encuentran en peligro de extinción Saguinus oedipus y Ateles fusciceps. Resaltamos la presencia y más reciente registro fotográfico de Galictis vittata. Se destaca la importancia de establecer áreas protegidas que provean conectividad con fragmentos de bosques y protección de especies amenazadas.
Real‐world experience of ocrelizumab in multiple sclerosis in a Spanish population
Authors: Fernandez‐Diaz Eva , Perez‐Vicente Jose A. , Villaverde‐Gonzalez Ramon , Berenguer‐Ruiz Leticia , Candeliere Merlicco Antonio , Martinez‐Navarro Maria Luisa , Gracia Gil Julia , Romero‐Sanchez Carlos M. , Alfaro‐Saez Arantxa , Diaz Inmaculada , Gimenez‐Martinez Juana , Mendez‐Miralles Maria Angeles , Millan‐Pascual Jorge , Jimenez‐Pancho Javier , Mola Santiago , Sempere Angel P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivePivotal trial have shown that patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving ocrelizumab had better outcomes. However, data on ocrelizumab in clinical practice are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preliminary safety profile and effectiveness of ocrelizumab treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) in a real‐world clinical setting.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study including consecutive patients from nine public hospitals in south‐eastern Spain who received ocrelizumab after it was approved.ResultsA total of 228 MS patients were included (144 with relapsing–remitting MS [RRMS], 25 secondary progressive MS [SPMS], and 59 primary progressive MS [PPMS]). Median follow‐up period was 12 months (range, 1‐32). No evidence of disease activity (NEDA) status at year 1 was achieved in 91.2% of the relapsing MS (RMS) population, while disability progression was detected in 37.5% of the PPMS patients (median follow‐up period, 19 months). The most common adverse events reported were infusion‐related reactions and infections, with the most common infections being urinary tract infections followed by upper respiratory infections and COVID‐19.InterpretationThe preliminary results in our real‐world setting show that ocrelizumab presented excellent results in suppressing disease activity with a favorable and consistent safety profile.
Smart glasses and video conferencing provide valuable medical student clinical exposure during COVID‐19
Authors: Baker Jeffery , Schultz Melissa , Huecker Martin , Shreffler Jacob , Mallory Mary Nan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundResponses to the COVID‐19 pandemic impose significant limitations on clinical education in emergency medicine.MethodsAn emergency physician with smart glasses technology (SGT) was deployed into our emergency department (ED) to identify, enable, and curate a remote ED clinical learning experience for preclinical medical students in lieu of onsite shadowing. Students were assigned to one of four (2‐h) sessions in May or June 2020.ResultsAll 22 students participated remotely and responded to postrotation surveys. Feedback showed enthusiastic acceptance by instructors and students. Difficulty with technology was minimal. All students “strongly agreed” that they would participate in future sessions.ConclusionsThis SGT instructional method represents a feasible and effective strategy to expose preclinical medical students to clinical medicine in the ED.
Tillage and nitrogen managements increased wheat yield through promoting vigor growth and production of tillers
Authors: Ding Jinfeng , Li Fujian , Xu Dongyi , Wu Peng , Zhu Min , Li Chunyan , Zhu Xinkai , Chen Yinglong , Guo Wenshan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAdopting suitable tillage and fertilization technologies for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) can address poor soil conditions and high residual nitrogen following rice (Oryza sativa L.) harvest to improve the sustainability of rice–wheat rotation systems. A field experiment was conducted in 2016–2018 to investigate the influence of tillage methods and nitrogen rates on wheat seedling growth (at the beginning of over‐wintering stage), tillering characteristics, and grain yield. The tillage methods included no‐tillage (NT), rotary tillage twice (RR), and plow tillage followed by rotary tillage (PR). The nitrogen rates were 270 (N270), 240 (N240), and 210 kg ha−1 (N210). In 2016–2017 (higher soil moisture during tillage), NT improved early growth (i.e., leaf area and biomass per stem), single spike yield, and grain yield compared with PR and RR. In 2017–2018 (lower soil moisture during tillage), PR and RR resulted in stronger seedlings (greater tiller number and leaf area and biomass per stem), more fertile tillers, and higher grain yield than NT. In both years, grain yield under RR was between that of PR and NT. With reduced nitrogen application, seedling growth, tiller number, single spike yield, and grain yield showed a declining tendency. We found that more tillers at seedling growth stage (the five‐leaf stage in both years) could boost fertile tiller number, and at this time greater leaf area and biomass per stem were correlated with higher single spike yield. This study demonstrates that suitable tillage and fertilizer applications can facilitate yield formation through improved number and vigor of the early‐produced tillers.
Dual molecular diagnoses in a neurometabolic specialty clinic
Authors: Hannah‐Shmouni Fady , Al‐Shahoumi Rashid , Brady Lauren I. , Wu Lily , Frei Julia , Tarnopolsky Mark A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractReports of patients with concomitant diagnoses of two inherited genetic disorders, sometimes referred to as “double trouble,” have appeared intermittently in the medical literature. We report eight additional cases with dual diagnoses of two genetic conditions. All cases had a phenotype atypical for their primary diagnosis, leading to the search for a second genetic diagnosis. These cases highlight the importance of the history, physical examination and continued work‐up if the phenotype of the patient falls drastically outside what has been reported with their primary diagnosis. Some of the diagnoses of the patients presented here (e.g., Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1, fascioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy) would not have been identified by genetic testing done on a next generation sequencing backbone (e.g., panel or exome sequencing). When the clinical picture is atypical or more severe than expected the possibility of a dual diagnosis (double trouble) should be considered. Identification of a second genetic condition can impact management and genetic counseling.
Polymer electrets and their applications
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Yurui , Xu Minxuan , Shi Yueqin , Wang Hemiao , Yang Xin , Ying Haoting , Zhang Qi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPolymer electrets have revealed great potential application in electromechanical devices because of the low weight, large quasi‐piezoelectric sensitivity, and excellent flexibility. For an electret, a permanent and macroscopic electric field exists on the surface, principally led by a macroscopic electrostatic charge on the surface or a net orientation of polar groups inside the object. Here, progress in the development of polymer electrets is reviewed. After a brief retrospect of the research courses and those typical polymer electrets that are classified into fluorine polymer and nonfluorine polymer, we present a survey on the charging methods, including corona, soft X‐ray, contact, thermal and monoenergetic particle beams. The latest representative applications (i.e., power harvesting, sensors, field effect transistors, and biomedicine) based on polymer electrets are also summarized. Finally, we complete this review with a discussion on perspectives and challenges in this field.