Sustainability Modeling of Conventional Milling Machine Remanufactured CNC Machine Tool Upgraded
Authors: Abdullah Ziyad Tariq 
Published: September 2020

Aims: Accelerated developments of CNC machines will let huge amount of milling machines to be out of date. To cope with such problem conventional milling machines can be upgrading by using what is called emerged technology which is of attributes of:

The same performance of new machines can be obtained in like-new form remanufactured CNC milling machine.
Economic feasibility can be certain.
Various purposes can be satisfied include education, training and industry.
Efficiency and accuracy requirements can be within limits of customer expectations.
Sustainability assessment approach that contains feasibilities of technology, economic and environment modeling for conventional milling into CNC machine tool remanufacturing.

Study Design: Literature is surveyed for specifying criteria of feasibilities of technology, economic and environment modeling. Mathematical sub-models are confirmed based on comparative literature based analysis to be used to find the values of indexes of assessment feasibilities within insights of experience based analysis. Feasibilities which are selected to conduct sustainability assessment of remanufacturing processes include sub-feasibility of:-

Easy of disassembly sub-feasibility: As low as the time of disassembly, the higher the index of criterion and the easier disassembly.
Sub-feasibility of cleaning: As easy as the cleaning process, the lower the index value of criterion.
Sub-feasibility of inspection and sorting: As low as the time of inspection and sorting, the higher the index of criterion and the easier inspection and sorting.
Sub-feasibility of upgradability: As high as the accuracy of remanufactured milling into CNC machine tool, the higher the index value of criterion.
Easy of reassembly sub-feasibility: As low as the time of reassembly, the higher the index value of criterion and the easier reassembly.
Sub-feasibility of tack-back cost: It is net price of conventional milling machine to be remanufactured into CNC machine tool.
Sub-feasibility of remanufacturing process cost of: It is expense of purchasing replacing parts, material resource consumption and electrical energy consumption.
Sub-feasibility of overhead cost: Operating expense to keep continues machine tool remanufacturing business.
Material saving sub-feasibility: It is the mass of reused components.
Energy saving sub-feasibility: It is the ratio of consumed energy to embodied energy as a result of preventing manufacturing processes by remanufacturing.
Pollution reduction sub-feasibility: It is embodied emissions reduction as a result of preventing manufacturing processes by remanufacturing.

Place and Duration of Study: Middle Technical University, Institute of Technology-Baghdad, Mechanical Techniques Department, between February 2020 and July 2020.
Methodology: Study methodology includes the following outlines:-

Literature survey.
Comparative literature based assessment application.
Experience based analysis application.
Isolation of indices
Weighting of indexes
Sustainability Index calculation

Results: Comparative literature based analysis and experience based analysis are used to find the indexes of sub-feasibilities where assessment feasibilities can be calculated through multiplication of index weight by weight of importance. Three evaluation results are calculated to assess the performance of sustainability where index value of (70%) can refer to that conventional milling machine is of high innovative contribution potentials to deliver sustainable solution of CNC machine tool remanufacturing.
Conclusion: Technology, Economic and environment are of good evaluation indexes and conventional milling into CNC machine tool remanufacturing is directed toward sustainability.