bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanostructured ZnO Interphase for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites with Strain Rate Tailored Interfacial Strength
Authors: Nasser Jalal , Steinke Kelsey , Hwang Hyun‐Sik , Sodano Henry 
Published: December 2019

AbstractComposite materials designed for ballistic applications typically require fiber–matrix interfacial properties which are considerably different than those used in more common structural applications. Ballistic composites are usually benefited through the use of a weaker interface that allows the high tenacity of the fiber to be utilized for energy absorption, whereas structural composites require strong interfaces to ensure materials which do not easily delaminate or experience cracking. Here, the multifunctionality of a zinc oxide (ZnO) interphase through a tailored interfacial shear strength (IFSS) as a function of strain rate is demonstrated. Both ZnO nanowires (NWs) and nanoparticles (NPs) are shown through variable strain rate pullout to enable tailored behavior with the NWs producing an 87% increase in IFSS over untreated fibers under quasi‐static loading, and 53% lower interfacial shear strength than untreated fibers at 2200 s−1. The reduced interfacial strength under dynamic loading conditions is attributed to the polymer's viscoelasticity, as matrix stiffening effects reduce the NWs' functional gradient, causing brittle failure of the ceramic interphase. The results demonstrate the potential for ZnO NWs and NPs to enable the tailored design of interfaces and to realize multifunctional materials with optimal behavior under both static and dynamic loading conditions.
Electrochromic Battery Displays with Energy Retrieval Functions Using Solution‐Processable Colloidal Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Wu , Li Haizeng , Al‐Hussein Mohamed , Elezzabi Abdulhakem Y. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractElectrochromic displays have attracted increased attention owing to their reversible switch of multicolors. However, the external voltage requirement for triggering the color switching makes them far from an optimum energy‐efficient technology. The newly developed electrochromic batteries eliminate the energy consumption for coloration while they can retrieve the consumed energy for bleaching. Such features make the electrochromic battery technology the most promising technology for energy‐efficient electrochromic displays. Here, a scalable method to synthesize colloidal V3O7 nanoparticles is presented, which is compatible with solution‐process techniques for aqueous Zn‐V3O7 electrochromic battery displays. The Zn‐V3O7 electrochromic battery display shows an optical transmittance contrast (21%), rapid self‐coloration time (6.6 s), and switching times (10.4/28.6 s for coloration/bleaching processes). Moreover, the electrochromic battery display shows a compelling energy retrieval function. For a proof of concept, a prototype display is constructed, which possesses an open‐circuit potential (OCP) of 1.38 V. The prototype display can reversibly switch between the multicolors (fully yellow, fully grayish‐blue, and half yellow‐half grayish‐blue images) and partially retrieve the consumed energy. This research presents a facile strategy to synthesize colloidal V3O7 nanoparticles, as well as a novel electrochromic battery display having energy retrieval functions, thus facilitating the development of energy‐efficient electrochromic displays.
Hydrogen from steam methane reforming by catalytic nonthermal plasma using a dielectric barrier discharge reactor
Authors: Kim Soon Sam , Jorat Masih , Voecks Gerald , Kuthi Andras , Surampudi Subbarao , Kent Ronald L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA scaled‐up dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor has been developed and demonstrated for the production of hydrogen from steam methane reforming (SMR) by catalytic nonthermal plasma (CNTP) technology. Compared to SMR, CNTP offers conversion at ambient pressure (101.325 kPa), low temperature with better efficiency, making it suitable for distributed hydrogen production with small footprint. There have been several lab‐scale DBD reactors reported in the literature. Dimension of the scaled‐up DBD reactor is about six times the lab‐scale version and can produce 0.9 kg H2/day. The scale‐up is, however, nonlinear; several technical innovations were required including spray nozzle for homogeneous introduction of steam, perforated tube central electrodes for generation of homogeneous plasma. Conversion efficiency of the scaled‐up DBD reactor is 70–80% at 550°C and 500 W. A continuous run of 8 hr was demonstrated with typical product gas composition of 69% H2, 6% CO2, 15% CO, 10% CH4.
Some manifold learning considerations toward explicit model predictive control
Authors: Lovelett Robert J. , Dietrich Felix , Lee Seungjoon , Kevrekidis Ioannis G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractModel predictive control (MPC) is a de facto standard control algorithm across the process industries. There remain, however, applications where MPC is impractical because an optimization problem is solved at each time step. We present a link between explicit MPC formulations and manifold learning to enable facilitated prediction of the MPC policy. Our method uses a similarity measure informed by control policies and system state variables, to “learn” an intrinsic parametrization of the MPC controller using a diffusion maps algorithm, which will also discover a low‐dimensional control law when it exists as a smooth, nonlinear combination of the state variables. We use function approximation algorithms to project points from state space to the intrinsic space, and from the intrinsic space to policy space. The approach is illustrated first by “learning” the intrinsic variables for MPC control of constrained linear systems, and then by designing controllers for an unstable nonlinear reactor.
Second report of RING finger protein 113A (RNF113A) involvement in a Mendelian disorder
Authors: Tessarech Marine , Gorce Magali , Boussion Françoise , Bault Jean‐Philippe , Triau Stéphane , Charif Majida , Khiaty Salim , Delorme Benoit , Guichet Agnès , Ziegler Alban , Bris Céline , Laquerrière Annie , Fallet‐Bianco Catherine , Jacquette Aurélia , Salhi Houria , Héron Delphine , Reynier Pascal , Procaccio Vincent , Bonneau Dominique , Colin Estelle 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRING Finger Protein 113 A (RNF113A, MIM 300951) is a highly conserved gene located on chromosome Xq24‐q25, encoding a protein containing two conserved zinc finger domains involved in DNA alkylation repair and premessenger RNA splicing. To date, only one pathogenic variant of RNF113A, namely c.901C>T; p.Gln301Ter, has been reported in humans by Tarpey et al. in 2009. Thereafter, Corbett et al. stated that this variant was responsible for an X‐linked form of nonphotosensitive trichothiodystrophy associated with profound intellectual disability, microcephaly, partial corpus callosum agenesis, microphallus, and absent or rudimentary testes. This variant was then shown to alter DNA alkylation repair, providing an additional argument supporting its pathogenicity and important clues about the underlying pathophysiology of nonphotosensitive trichothiodystrophy. Using exome sequencing, we identified exactly the same RNF113A variant in two fetuses affected with abnormalities similar to those previously reported by Corbett et al. To our knowledge, this is the second report of a RNF113A pathogenic variant in humans.
Reconstructing breastfeeding and weaning practices in the Bronze Age Near East using stable nitrogen isotopes
Authors: Stantis Chris , Schutkowski Holger , Sołtysiak Arkadiusz 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesBreastfeeding and childhood diet have significant impact on morbidity and mortality within a population, and in the ancient Near East, it is possible to compare bioarchaeological reconstruction of breastfeeding and weaning practices with the scant textual evidence.Materials and MethodsNitrogen stable isotopes (δ15N) are analyzed here for dietary reconstruction in skeletal collections from five Bronze Age (ca. 2,800–1,200 BCE) sites in modern Lebanon and Syria. We employed Bayesian computational modeling on cross‐sectional stable isotope data of collagen samples (n = 176) mainly from previous studies to test whether the bioarchaeological evidence aligns with the textual evidence of breastfeeding and weaning practices in the region, as well as compare the estimated weaning times to the global findings using the WARN (weaning age reconstruction with nitrogen isotope analysis) Bayesian model.ResultsThough the Near East sites in this study had different ecological settings and economic strategies, we found that weaning was introduced to the five sites at 0.5 ± 0.2 years of age and complete weaning occurred around 2.6 ± 0.3 years of age on using the WARN computational model. These weaning processes are within the time suggested by historical texts, though average estimated weaning age on the Mediterranean coast is later than inland sites.DiscussionCompared globally, these Near Eastern populations initiated the weaning process earlier but completed weaning within the global average. Early initial weaning may have created short spacing between pregnancies and a high impact on demographic growth within these agricultural populations, with some variation in subsistence practices accounting for the inland/coastal discrepancies.
Green synthesis and chemical characterization of Thymus vulgaris leaf aqueous extract conjugated gold nanoparticles for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in comparison to doxorubicin in a leukemic mouse model
Authors: Hemmati Saba , Joshani Zeinab , Zangeneh Akram , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: December 2019

Recently, metallic nanoparticles have been used for the treatment of several disorders, such as cancer. Indeed, finding the chemotherapeutic drug of nanoparticles is in researching the priority of both developed and developing countries. The present study confirms the ability of aqueous extract of Thymus vulgaris grown under in vitro condition for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Also, in this study, we indicated the antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and anti‐acute myeloid leukemia properties of AuNPs compared to doxorubicin in a leukemic mouse model. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized using different techniques including X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy Dispersive X‐ray Spectrometry (EDS), fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis.), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vivo design, induction of acute myeloid leukemia was done by 7,12‐Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in 75 mice. Then, the animals were randomly divided into six subgroups, including control, untreated, doxorubicin, AuNPs, T. vulgaris, and HAuCl4. By quantitative real‐time PCR, sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor‐1 and sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor‐5 mRNA expression in lymphocytes were significantly (P ≤ 0.01) raised by treating the leukemic mice with the AuNPs and doxorubicin. Also, AuNPs similar to doxorubicin, significantly (P ≤ 0.01) enhanced the anti‐inflammatory cytokines (IL4, IL5, IL10, IL13, and IFNα) and the platelet, lymphocyte, and red blood cell (RBC) parameters and reduced the pro‐inflammatory cytokines (IL1, IL6, IL12, IL18, IFNY, and TNFα), and the total white blood cell (WBC), blast, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, and basophil counts as compared to the untreated mice. In vitro design, 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for doxorubicin and AuNPs. Furthermore, AuNPs similar to doxorubicin had low cell viability dose‐dependently against 32D‐FLT3‐ITD, Human HL‐60/vcr, and Murine C1498 cell lines without any cytotoxicity on HUVEC cell line. Above results confirm the excellent antioxidant, cytotoxicity, and anti‐acute myeloid leukemia effects of AuNPs compared to doxorubicin. After confirming these results in clinical trial studies, AuNPs can be used as a chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in human.
Investment casting pattern material based on paraffin wax fortified with EVA and filled with PMMA
Authors: Tewo Robert Kimutai , Rutto Hilary Limo , Focke Walter Wilhelm , Ramjee Shatish , Seodigeng Tumisang 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTParaffin wax‐based compounds are utilized as investment casting pattern materials. This study considered the effect of composition variations on the properties of paraffin wax‐poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (EVA) blends filled with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microbeads. The EVA addition significantly improved mechanical properties while the PMMA improved the needle penetration hardness. Both polymers increased the melt viscosity of the wax composition. Thermal gravimetric analysis of the pyrolysis behavior showed that the compounds volatilize readily with virtually no residue remaining above 500 °C. The 40/20/40 wax/EVA/PMMA composition offers a balanced property profile with the bending stress approaching 6 MPa, the bending strain at break exceeding 4%, and a melt viscosity of about 12 Pa s at 90 °C. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48774.
Perfect vivianite crystals excavated from a highly sealed ancient tumulus in Jing'an County, Jiangxi Province, China
Authors: Huang Fen , Xu Chang Qing , Jin Zhi Min , Hu Mao Lin , Cai Hai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLarge amounts of perfect crystals were excavated from ancient coffins dating 2510 (±50) bp, in Jing'an County, Jiangxi Province, China. The coffins were wrapped by multiple bamboo mats and sealed highly by waterproof soil layers. In this study, crystals, wooden coffins, surrounding water and clay materials of several buried wooden coffins were subject to various analyses, and the crystals were identified to be vivianite by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Spatial distribution of the vivianite crystals, which was consistent with first Fick's diffusion principle, indicated that the phosphate (PO43−) of the vivianite was originated from human bone that was demineralized under an acidic clay condition. Spatial distributions of iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) and iron(II) oxide (FeO) indicated that iron(II) cations (Fe2+) of the vivianite originated from clay outside the coffins. Perfect vivianite crystals were formed at an extremely slow rate within the highly sealed coffins, in which Fe2+ and PO43− concentrations were of such a low level that the rapid precipitation of imperfect vivianite crystals was prevented, as the clay colloid could infiltrate only along the limited passageways of jointed seams between two halved timbers of the coffins.
Assessment of Bromide in Three North Carolina Watersheds
Authors: Greune Amber 
Published: December 2019

Key TakeawaysSurface water was sampled upstream and downstream of several facilities to assess the bromide contributions from municipal and industrial wastewater discharges.Bromide was discharged from a coal‐fired steam station and from at least one municipal wastewater treatment plant in each of the three watersheds evaluated.Sources of bromide vary among different watersheds and are not limited by industry.
Reflections on integrating bioinformatics into the undergraduate curriculum: The Lancaster experience
Authors: Gatherer Derek 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBioinformatics is an essential discipline for biologists. It also has a reputation of being difficult for those without a strong quantitative and computer science background. At Lancaster University, we have developed modules for the integration of bioinformatics skills training into our undergraduate biology degree portfolio. This article describes those modules, situating them in the context of the accumulated quarter century of literature on bioinformatics education. The constant evolution of bioinformatics as a discipline is emphasized, drawing attention to the continual necessity to revise and upgrade those skills being taught, even at undergraduate level. Our overarching aim is to equip students both with a portfolio of skills in the currently most essential bioinformatics tools and with the confidence to continue their own bioinformatics skills development at postgraduate or professional level.
Global governance in new public environmental management: An international and intertemporal comparison of voluntary standards' impacts
Authors: Wagner Marcus 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyse the indirect effects of environmental management system implementation and certification. Specifically, the paper comprehensively assesses the effects of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) 14001 and European Union Eco‐Management and Auditing Scheme (EMAS) certification as well as experience with implementing environmental management systems on (a) organisational activities outside the scope of environmental management systems, (b) pollution prevention, and (c) product stewardship. This is done by applying multivariate regression analysis to a large multicountry and multiperiod dataset. The analysis finds heterogeneous effects that are limited specifically as concerns pollution prevention and product stewardship and cannot establish clear links to national business systems. Given this and the differences between environmental management system standards, implications for global governance in the context of new public environmental management and the role of national governments in implementing sustainability, even beyond environmental protection, are discussed. Ultimately, the paper evidences on potential limitations of the major international environmental management system standards ISO 14001 and EMAS in supporting the diffusion of advanced practices such as pollution prevention and product stewardship that are necessary for sustainable development. In doing so, it highlights that government‐led public environmental management remains crucial for organising governance, especially in the context of voluntary standards that are applied internationally.
Renewable Methanol Synthesis
Authors: Roode‐Gutzmer Quirina I. , Kaiser Doreen , Bertau Martin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRenewable methanol production is an emerging technology that bridges the gap in the shift from fossil fuel to renewable energy. Two thirds of the global emission of CO2 stems from humanity's increasing energy need from fossil fuels. Renewable energy, mainly from solar and wind energy, suffers from supply intermittency, which current grid infrastructures cannot accommodate. Excess renewable energy can be harnessed to power the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, which can be used in the catalytic hydrogenation of waste CO2 to produce renewable methanol. This review considers methanol production in the current context, regionally for Europe, which is dominated by Germany, and globally by China. Appropriate carbon‐based feedstock for renewable methanol production is considered, as well as state‐of‐the‐art renewable hydrogen production technologies. The economics of renewable methanol production necessitates the consideration of regionally relevant methanol derivatives. The thermodynamics, kinetics, catalytic reaction mechanism, operating conditions and reactor design are reviewed in the context of renewable methanol production to reveal the most up to date understanding.
Treating severely calcified coronary artery disease: A potpourri of choices!
Authors: Bagga Shiv , Levy Michael S. 
Published: December 2019

Key Points
Lesion preparation prior to stent implantation is of paramount importance to acute and long term clinical outcomes in patients with severely calcified coronary artery disease.
The current study renews the interest in the use of cutting balloons as an adjunct to atherectomy.
The study reinforces the vital role of intravascular imaging in accurate anatomic and morphological characterization of calcified plaques, to influence treatment strategies.
BVS and infrapopliteal disease
Authors: Stabile Eugenio , Esposito Giovanni 
Published: December 2019

Key Points
The absorb stent is a bioabsorbable vascular has been tested for the treatment of simple infrapopliteal lesions responsible of critical limb ischemia.
In this study, the absorb stent has been tested for the treatment of complex infrapopliteal lesions responsible with good clinical outcomes.
These information may be very useful pending that longer follow up data from larger database will be collected in order to exclude the risk of very late stent thrombosis risk.
Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3 on Cu−SSZ‐13: Deciphering the Low and High‐temperature Rate‐limiting Steps by Transient XAS Experiments
Authors: Clark Adam H. , Nuguid Rob Jeremiah G. , Steiger Patrick , Marberger Adrian , Petrov Andrey W. , Ferri Davide , Nachtegaal Maarten , Kröcher Oliver 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCu‐exchanged small‐pore SSZ‐13 catalysts have found wide use for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides from automotive exhaust gases. The transient working environment of the Cu−SSZ‐13 catalyst during NH3‐SCR requires studying the rate limiting steps under the different operation conditions this catalyst is exposed to. By exploiting time‐resolved operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy in combination with multivariate analysis we followed the transient speciation of Cu during unsteady state conditions. The results reveal that depending on operating temperature two different rate limiting behaviours inhibit the reduction of NO. At temperatures below 283 °C, ammonia hinders reoxidation of solvated CuI species thereby inhibiting reduction of NO. Whilst at temperatures of 283 °C and above, the reduction of zeolite bound CuII(OH−) is the rate limiting step in the SCR reaction. The results also reveal the presence of two detrimental side reactions occurring, the direct oxidation of zeolite bound CuI at low temperatures and the oxidation of ammonia over Cu at temperatures in excess of 283 °C. Between 250 °C and 350 °C, both side reactions may be present and could explain the dip in the SCR activity typically denoted by the seagull shape.
Three‐Enzyme Phosphorylase Cascade Immobilized on Solid Support for Biocatalytic Synthesis of Cello−oligosaccharides
Authors: Zhong Chao , Duić Božidar , Bolivar Juan M. , Nidetzky Bernd 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEnzyme cascades are promising for multistep biocatalytic synthesis, but their effective use beyond the proof‐of‐concept stage is challenging. Strategies to recycle the individual enzymes are critical for the applicability of such cascades. Immobilization on solid support is well developed for single enzymes but remains difficult for enzyme ensembles. Here, we show a controlled co‐immobilization of three glycoside phosphorylases to establish a highly active and recyclable biocatalyst for the conversion of sucrose and glucose into soluble (short‐chain) cello−oligosaccharides. We use protein fusion with the binding module Zbasic2 to enable non‐covalent surface tethering of all enzymes according to a uniform principle and in a programmable fashion. We thus achieve loading of the phosphorylases in an activity ratio optimal for the overall conversion and for controlling the cello−oligosaccharide chain length (≤6), hence the solubility, in the reaction. We demonstrate efficient production of ∼12 g/L cello−oligosaccharides with integrated enzyme re‐use, retaining ∼85 % of the overall initial activity after five reaction cycles. This study presents a major advance toward the practical use of systems bio‐catalysis on solid support.