bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free convection and thermal radiation of a nanofluid inside an inclined L‐shaped microelectronic module under the Lorentz forces' impact
Authors: Massoudi Mohamed Dhia , Ben Hamida Mohamed Bechir 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study aims to study numerically the free convection and thermal radiation of an Ag‐water nanofluid inside an L‐shaped inclined microelectronic module under inclined Lorentz forces and uniform heat generation/absorption effects. The study is established using the software COMSOL Multiphysics based on the finite element method. The main results obtained show that convection heat flow enhances by increasing the Rayleigh number, radiation parameter and nanoparticles shape factor, however, it reduces with increasing the Hartmann number and the aspect ratio. In addition, the presence of uniform heat absorption improves the convection heat flow, by contrast, the presence of uniform heat generation damages this. Besides this, the Lorentz forces' directional impact on the convection heat flow is linked to module inclination. The average Nusselt reaches a maximum for module inclination .
FIGO position paper on reference charts for fetal growth and size at birth: Which one to use?
Authors: Visser Gerard H. A. , Nicholson Wanda K. , Barnea Eytan R. , Ramasauskaite Diana , Nassar Anwar H. ,   For the FIGO Safe Motherhood, Newborn Health Committee
Published: November 2020

AbstractPublication of the Intergrowth‐21st and WHO growth charts raises the question of which growth data prenatal providers should use in clinical practice. Is it better to use a universal chart applied globally, or metrics based on local or regional growth patterns? And what about customized charts versus local charts? FIGO has reviewed the different growth charts and studies assessing their reproducibility and predictive values for small‐ and large‐for‐gestational age newborns and, where available, adverse fetal outcomes. It concludes that local or regional charts are likely to be best for identifying the 10th percentile of newborns at highest risk. However, international standards for growth may also be used when coupled with locally appropriate thresholds for risk interpretation.
Changes of embryonic development, locomotor activity, and metabolomics in zebrafish co‐exposed to chlorpyrifos and deltamethrin
Authors: Hu Yi , Hu Jingying , Li Weihua , Gao Yu , Tian Ying 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOrganophosphates (OPs) and pyrethroids (PYRs) are extensively used pesticides and often occur in the form of mixture, whereas little was known about their joint toxicities. We aim to investigate the individual and joint effects of OPs and PYRs exposure on zebrafish embryo by employing chlorpyrifos (CPF) and deltamethrin (DM) as representatives. Zebrafish embryos at 2 hours post fertilization (hpf) were exposed to CPF (4.80, 39.06, and 78.13 μg/L), DM exposure (0.06, 1.60, and 3.19 μg/L), and CPF + DM (4.80 + 0.06, 39.06 + 1.60, and 78.13 + 3.19 μg/L) until 144 hpf. Embryonic development, locomotor activity, and metabolomic changes were recorded and examined. Results displayed that individual exposure to CPF and DM significantly increased the mortality and malformation rate of zebrafish embryos, but decreased hatching rate was only found in CPF + DM co‐exposure groups (p < .05). Meanwhile, individual CPF exposure had no detrimental effect on locomotor activity, high dose of individual CPF exposure decreased the swimming speed but had adaptability to the conversion from dark to light, whereas high dose of CPF + DM co‐exposure exhibited not only significant decline in swimming speed but also no adaptability to the repeated stimulations, suggesting deficit in learning and memory function. In metabolomic analysis, individual CPF exposure mainly influenced the metabolism of glycerophospholipids and amino acids, individual DM exposure mainly influenced glycerophospholipids, and CPF + DM co‐exposure mainly influenced glycerophospholipids and amino acids. Taken together, our findings suggested the embryonic toxicities and neurobehavioral changes caused by CPF and/or DM exposure. The disorder metabolomics of glycerophospholipids and amino acids might be involved in the underlying mechanism of those toxicities.
Three‐dimensional spatial reconstruction of coronary arteries based on fusion of intravascular optical coherence tomography and coronary angiography
Authors: Zhu Yanan , Zhu Fengyu , Ding Zhenyang , Tao Kuiyuan , Lai Tianduo , Kuang Hao , Hua Peidong , Shang Mingjian , Hu Jingqi , Yu Yin , Liu Tiegen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe present a three‐dimensional (3D) spatial reconstruction of coronary arteries based on fusion of intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Centerline of vessel in DSA images is exacted by multi‐scale filtering, adaptive segmentation, morphology thinning and Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm. We apply the cross‐correction between lumen shapes of IVOCT and DSA images and match their stenosis positions to realize co‐registration. By matching the location and tangent direction of the vessel centerline of DSA images and segmented lumen coordinates of IVOCT along pullback path, 3D spatial models of vessel lumen are reconstructed. Using 1121 distinct positions selected from eight vessels, the correlation coefficient between 3D IVOCT model and DSA image in measuring lumen radius is 0.94% and 97.7% of the positions fall within the limit of agreement by Bland–Altman analysis, which means that the 3D spatial reconstruction IVOCT models and DSA images have high matching level.
Bone Strength/Bone Mass Discrepancy in Glucocorticoid‐Treated Adult Mice
Authors: Dubrovsky Alanna M. , Nyman Jeffrey S. , Uppuganti Sasidhar , Chmiel Kenneth J. , Kimmel Donald B. , Lane Nancy E 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTGlucocorticoids increase bone fragility in patients in a manner that is underestimated by bone mass measurement. This study aimed to determine if the adult mouse could model this bone strength/bone mass discrepancy. Forty‐two 13‐week‐old BALB/cJ mice were randomized into vehicle and glucocorticoid groups, implanted with vehicle or 6‐methylprednisolone pellets, and necropsied after 60 and 120 days. Bone strength and bone mass/microarchitecture were assessed at the right central femur (CF; cortical‐bone–rich) and sixth lumbar vertebral body (LVB6; trabecular‐bone–rich). Bound water (BW) of the whole right femur was analyzed by proton‐nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) relaxometry. Data were analyzed by two‐factor ANOVA with time (day 60 and day 120) and treatment (vehicle and glucocorticoid) as main effects for all data. Significant interactions were further analyzed with a Tukey's post hoc test. Most bone strength measures in the CF were lower in the glucocorticoid group, regardless of the duration of treatment, with no time × treatment interaction. However, bone mass measures in the CF showed a significant time × treatment interaction (p = 0.0001). Bone strength measures in LVB6 showed a time × treatment interaction (p < 0.02) such that LVB6 strength was lower after 120 days of glucocorticoids compared with 120 days of vehicle treatment. Whole‐femur–BW was lower with both glucocorticoid treatment (p = 0.0001) and time (p < 0.02), with a significant time × treatment interaction (p = 0.005). Glucocorticoid treatment of male BALB/cJ mice resulted in the lowering of bone strength in both cortical and trabecular bone that either appeared earlier or was greater than the treatment‐related changes in bone mass/microarchitecture. The adult mouse may be a good model for investigating the bone strength/mass discrepancy observed in glucocorticoid‐treated patients. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Novel long noncoding RNA LINC02323 promotes cell growth and migration of ovarian cancer via TGF‐β receptor 1 by miR‐1343‐3p
Authors: Li Yingchun , Zhao Zheng , Sun Dan , Li Yanfei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study was aimed at investigating the effects of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC02323 in ovarian cancer and its possible mechanism.MethodsMicroarray analysis and QPCR were utilized to identify lncRNA LINC02323 expression in patients with ovarian cancer. MTT assay was used for analysis of ovarian cancer cell proliferation. Western blot was utilized to investigate its possible mechanism.ResultsIn patients with ovarian cancer, lncRNA LINC02323 expression was up‐regulated and miR‐1343‐3p expression was down‐regulated. Over‐expression of lncRNA LINC02323 promoted cell growth and reduced LDH activity levels in vitro model by suppression of miR‐1343‐3p expression. Down‐regulation of lncRNA LINC02323 reduced cell growth and increased LDH activity levels in vitro model by induction of miR‐1343‐3p expression. Over‐expression of miR‐1343‐3p reduced cell growth and reduced LDH activity levels in vitro model by suppression of TGF‐β receptor. Down‐regulation of miR‐1343‐3p promoted cell growth and reduced LDH activity levels in vitro model by induced of TGF‐β receptor.ConclusionOur findings show that Novel long noncoding RNA LINC02323 promotes cell growth of ovarian cancer via TGF‐β receptor 1 by miR‐1343‐3p.
Gas–liquid interfacial area and its influence on oxygen transfer coefficients in a simulated hydrocarbon bioprocess in a bubble column reactor
Authors: Abufalgha Ayman A , Pott Robert WM , Cloete Jannean C , Clarke Kim G 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe overall volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa) is a critical parameter in evaluating the oxygen transfer in any aerobic bioprocess, e.g. a hydrocarbon‐based bioprocess. However, KLa comprises the oxygen transfer coefficient (KL) and the gas–liquid interfacial area, which are commonly affected by operating conditions of a bioprocess system. Therefore, this study has experimentally measured KLa and interfacial area in a model hydrocarbon‐based bioprocess under a range of operating conditions such as alkane (n‐C14–20) concentration (HC), solids (cornflour) loading (SL) and superficial gas (air) velocity (UG) in a bubble column reactor (BCR).RESULTSIt was found that the value of KLa increased with increasing UG in the BCR. The most significant impact on KLa was obtained through an increase in UG, where an increase of UG from 1 to 3 cm s−1 resulted in a 133% increase in KLa. Furthermore, a relationship between KLa and SL was identified and showed an optimal level at SL of 3 g L−1, indicating increased dispersion viscosity in the system as SL increased up to a certain point. However, HC showed an insignificant change in both the interfacial area and KLa with the range considered (2.5 to 20% v/v) of HC.CONCLUSIONSThis study expands on previous work by including an inert solid (cornflour) phase, which ultimately furthers our understanding of the effect of the solids type and size, and operational conditions (HC, SL and UG) on the behaviour of overall oxygen transfer in a bubble column hydrocarbon bioprocess.
Intrathyroid metastasis of breast cancer: Sonographic findings
Authors: Jung Hyun Kyung , Kim Bomi , Ryu Ji Hwa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMetastasis of ductal carcinoma of the breast to the thyroid gland is uncommon and usually detected at autopsy. The incidences of metastases to the thyroid have been reported at 3%, and the most common primary malignancy is renal cell carcinoma. We report a rare case of intrathyroid metastatsis of breast ductal carcinoma in a patient who was treated for breast cancer 15 years earlier.
Validation of an instructional module to help dental students learn to avoid plagiarism
Authors: Graham Bruce S. , O'Donnell Jean A. , Roucka Toni M. , Sullivan Timothy P. , Viana M. Grace Costa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to validate the learning effectiveness of an instructional module in helping first‐year dental students and international graduate advanced standing students learn to avoid plagiarism in their scientific writing.MethodThe module was administered to a total of 226 first year dental students (157 at the University of Pittsburgh, in 2018 and 2019; 69 at the University of Illinois at Chicago, in 2019), and a total of 102 international graduate advanced standing students at the University of Illinois at Chicago, in 2019 and 2020. Psychometric analysis of the module's test items confirmed reliability and validity.ResultsAn independent sample t‐test performed on the module pretest scores determined that the first ‐year dental students entered their programs with more knowledge about plagiarism than the international graduate advanced standing students. Mean differences were calculated between pretest and posttest scores for each group and indicated that the module was equally effective at helping both groups learn to avoid plagiarism. An independent sample t‐test compared the posttest mean scores of the 2 groups and determined that the first ‐year students achieved a greater learning outcome from the module. An independent sample t‐test for Equality of Means with Levene's Test for Equality of Variances were performed to compare the mean differences between posttest and pretest scores for the 2 groups. These tests indicated that the 2 groups learned to avoid plagiarism at the same rate.ConclusionsThe instructional module proved to be valid, reliable, effective, and time‐efficient in improving student knowledge about avoiding plagiarism.
Ionic liquid mediated synthesis andin vitromechanistic exploration of polycyclic cage‐like heterocyclic hybrid
Authors: Kumar Raju Suresh , Almansour Abdulrahman I. , Arumugam Natarajan , Kotresha D. , Menéndez J. Carlos , Kumar Raju Ranjith 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA three‐component, [3 + 2]‐cycloaddition/annulation domino protocol is described for the synthesis in excellent yield of a polycyclic cage‐like heterocyclic hybrid (PCHH) that comprises various advantaged structural units viz., α,β‐unsaturated ketone moiety, 4‐pyridinone and pyrroloisoquinoline in a cage‐like framework. The antitumor activity of PCHH on human breast (MCF7), colon (HCT116), cervical (JURKAT) and lung (NCI‐H460) malignant cell lines inhibited the propagation of all cell lines. This hybrid molecule displayed increased broad‐spectrum anticancer activity with higher doses of PCHH. Furthermore, the compound induced 45.21% of early apoptosis and 46.32% of late apoptosis in the Jurkat cancer cell line. Cell cycle analysis showed that this cage‐like compound caused cell cycle arrest of Jurkat cells at the S phase and sub G0/G1 phase. Additionally, it led to increased DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial membrane permeabilization through activation of caspase‐3 enzyme. Present investigation demonstrates the specific cytotoxic activity of the cage‐like compound and the induction of apoptosis through the intrinsic pathway of Jurkat cells.
Risk factors prediction, clinical outcomes, and mortality in COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Alizadehsani Roohallah , Alizadeh Sani Zahra , Behjati Mohaddeseh , Roshanzamir Zahra , Hussain Sadiq , Abedini Niloofar , Hasanzadeh Fereshteh , Khosravi Abbas , Shoeibi Afshin , Roshanzamir Mohamad , Moradnejad Pardis , Nahavandi Saeid , Khozeimeh Fahime , Zare Assef , Panahiazar Maryam , Acharya U. Rajendra , Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPreventing communicable diseases requires understanding the spread, epidemiology, clinical features, progression, and prognosis of the disease. Early identification of risk factors and clinical outcomes might help in identifying critically ill patients, providing appropriate treatment, and preventing mortality. We conducted a prospective study in patients with flu‐like symptoms referred to the imaging department of a tertiary hospital in Iran between March 3, 2020, and April 8, 2020. Patients with COVID‐19 were followed up after two months to check their health condition. The categorical data between groups were analyzed by Fisher's exact test and continuous data by Wilcoxon rank‐sum test. Three hundred and nineteen patients (mean age 45.48 ± 18.50 years, 177 women) were enrolled. Fever, dyspnea, weakness, shivering, C‐reactive protein, fatigue, dry cough, anorexia, anosmia, ageusia, dizziness, sweating, and age were the most important symptoms of COVID‐19 infection. Traveling in the past 3 months, asthma, taking corticosteroids, liver disease, rheumatological disease, cough with sputum, eczema, conjunctivitis, tobacco use, and chest pain did not show any relationship with COVID‐19. To the best of our knowledge, a number of factors associated with mortality due to COVID‐19 have been investigated for the first time in this study. Our results might be helpful in early prediction and risk reduction of mortality in patients infected with COVID‐19.
Relationships between psychological contract breach and employee well‐being and career‐related behavior: The role of occupational future time perspective
Authors: Zacher Hannes , Rudolph Cort W. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryRelationships between psychological contract breach and employee well‐being and career‐related behavior cannot sufficiently be explained by social exchange and reciprocity theories, yet the alternative mechanisms underlying these associations are currently not well understood. Based on the psychological contract perspective on careers, the goal of this study was to examine indirect effects of psychological contract breach on emotional engagement, emotional exhaustion, and career‐related behavior through two dimensions of occupational future time perspective (i.e., focus on opportunities and focus on limitations). Data came from 405 employees in Australia, who responded to three surveys across 12 months. Results showed that psychological contract breach had indirect effects on emotional engagement and exhaustion through focus on opportunities and focus on limitations, respectively, and on career‐related behavior through focus on opportunities. Another mechanism, psychological contract violation, was only related to employees' organizational deviance. These findings highlight the important role of occupational future time perspective dimensions as employees' evaluations of future career‐related opportunities and limitations. These evaluations may change in response to psychological contract breach and, in turn, might impact on employee well‐being and career‐related behavior.
Talar neck angle correlates with tibial torsion—Guidance for 3D and 2D measurements in total ankle replacement
Authors: Flury Andreas , Viehöfer Arnd F. , Hoch Armando , Vlachopoulos Lazaros , Wirth Stephan H. , Imhoff Florian B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAxial plane alignment of the talar component in total ankle arthroplasty is poorly understood and remains a major issue, especially since malpositioning results in increased peak pressure and rotational torque. Further profound knowledge regarding individual anatomy of the talus and its relation to proximal and distal osseous structures is therefore needed. Therefore, three‐dimensional (3D) surface models of 50 lower extremities were generated using computed tomography data of patients without ankle osteoarthritis. The talus neck torsion was measured using a novel 3D measurement method. Then, tibial torsion and subtalar joint axis orientation were measured and correlated to the talus neck torsion. Moreover, a 2D measurement method of the talus neck torsion was developed. A statistically significant correlation was found between external tibia torsion and medial talus neck torsion, as well as talus neck axis and subtalar joint axis in the transversal and frontal plane. The novel defined 3D measurement methods indicated excellent inter‐rater and intra‐rater reliability. The 2D measurement method of the talus neck torsion was in good agreement with the 3D method. The results showed that the rotational profiles of the tibia, talus, and adjacent joints are interconnected, which should be considered in total ankle replacement (TAR). Clinical relevance: This study improves the overall understanding of the talar anatomy, as well as its relationship to adjacent osseous structures. The novel 2D measurement method of the talus neck torsion might improve talar component positioning in the axial plane corresponding to the patient's individual anatomy, and therefore improve the survival rate of TAR.
High‐throughput metabolomics discovers metabolite biomarkers and insights the protective mechanism of schisandrin B on myocardial injury rats
Authors: Zhao Ling‐Kun , Zhao Yun‐Bo , Zhang Peng‐Xia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSchisandrin B has been proved to possess anti‐inflammatory and anti‐endoplasmic effects, could improve cardiac function, inhibit apoptosis, and reduce inflammation after ischemic injury. However, the detailed metabolic mechanism and potential pathways of Schisandrin B effects on myocardial injury are unclear. Metabolomics could yield in‐depth mechanistic insights and explore the potential therapeutic effect of natural products. In this study, the preparation of doxorubicin‐induced myocardial injury rat model for evaluation of Schisandrin B on viral myocarditis sequelae related pathological changes and its mechanism. The metabolite profiling of myocardial injury rats was performed through ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry combined with pattern recognition approaches and pathway analysis. A total of 15 metabolites (nine in positive ion mode and six in negative ion mode) were considered as potential biomarkers of myocardial injury, and these metabolites may correlate with the regulation of Schisandrin B treatment. A total of six metabolic pathways are closely related to Schisandrin B treatment, including glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, purine metabolism, etc. This study revealed the potential biomarkers and metabolic network pathways of myocardial injury, and illuminated the protective mechanism of Schisandrin B on myocardial injury.
Negative Emotionality Interacts with Trauma Exposure to Prospectively Predict Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms During Firefighters’ First 3 Years of Service
Authors: Meyer Eric C. , Zimering Rose T. , Knight Jeffrey , Morissette Sandra B. , Kamholz Barbara W. , Coe Elizabeth , Carpenter Thomas P. , Keane Terence M. , Kimbrel Nathan A. , Gulliver Suzy B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFirefighters (FFs) protect the public despite significant risks to their health and well‐being stemming from frequent trauma exposure and other occupational stressors. A minority of FFs develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or related mental health problems, whereas most remain remarkably resilient despite enormous stress. This points toward substantial variability in responses to traumatic stress among FFs. Personality, particularly negative emotionality (NEM), has been shown to predict the development of PTSD in other trauma‐exposed populations, yet has not been prospectively studied in relation to PTSD in FFs. The aim of this secondary analysis from a broader study of mental health in FFs was to test whether preemployment NEM predicted PTSD symptom severity over time by influencing how FFs respond to traumatic experiences. In this first prospective study of the development of PTSD symptoms in professional FFs, 322 FFs were recruited from seven urban fire academies across the United States and followed over their first 3 years of fire service. We assessed NEM during the fire academy as well as trauma exposure and both self‐reported and clinician‐rated PTSD symptoms at 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year follow‐ups. Level of trauma exposure and NEM predicted PTSD symptoms over time, and NEM moderated the effect of trauma exposure on clinician‐rated PTSD symptoms across both trauma exposure measures at 1‐ and 3‐year follow‐ups, f2 = .03–.10, but not at 2‐year follow‐up nor for self‐reported PTSD symptoms. These findings indicate that NEM, assessed upon entry into a high‐risk occupation, is useful in predicting PTSD symptom development.