bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expert panel consensus recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of secondary osteoporosis in children
Authors: Galindo-Zavala Rocío , Bou-Torrent Rosa , Magallares-López Berta , Mir-Perelló Concepción , Palmou-Fontana Natalia , Sevilla-Pérez Belén , Medrano-San Ildefonso Marta , González-Fernández Mª. Isabel , Román-Pascual Almudena , Alcañiz-Rodríguez Paula , Nieto-Gonzalez Juan Carlos , López-Corbeto Mireia , Graña-Gil Jenaro 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundOsteoporosis incidence in children is increasing due to the increased survival rate of patients suffering from chronic diseases and the increased use of drugs that can damage bones.Recent changes made to the definition of childhood osteoporosis, along with the lack of guidelines or national consensuses regarding its diagnosis and treatment, have resulted in a wide variability in the approaches used to treat this disease.For these reasons, the Osteogenesis Imperfecta and Childhood Osteoporosis Working Group of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Rheumatology has sounded the need for developing guidelines to standardize clinical practice with regard to this pathology.MethodsAn expert panel comprised of 6 pediatricians and 5 rheumatologists carried out a qualitative literature review and provided recommendations based on evidence, when that was available, or on their own experience.The level of evidence was determined for each section using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine (CEBM) system. A Delphi survey was conducted for those recommendations with an evidence level of IV or V. This survey was sent to all members of the SERPE. All recommendations that had a level of agreement higher or equal to 70% were included.ResultsFifty-one recommendations, categorized into eight sections, were obtained. Twenty-four of them presented an evidence level 4 or 5, and therefore a Delphi survey was conducted. This was submitted electronically and received a response rate of 40%. All recommendations submitted to the Delphi round obtained a level of agreement of 70% or higher and were therefore accepted.ConclusionIn summary, we present herein guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of secondary childhood osteoporosis based on the available evidence and expert clinical experience. We believe it can serve as a useful tool that will contribute to the standardization of clinical practice for this pathology. Prophylactic measures, early diagnosis and a proper therapeutic approach are essential to improving bone health, not only in children and adolescents, but also in the adults they will become in the future.
Morphometric analysis of the coracoid process and glenoid width: a 3D-CT study
Authors: Jia Yaofei , He Na , Liu Jiaxin , Zhang Guangrui , Zhou Jianping , Wu Ding , Wei Baomin , Yun Xiangdong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Data regarding the parameters of the coracoid process and glenoid width are insufficient, and information on gender, age, and ethnic differences in the parameters appear lacking in the Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the morphometric parameters in the coracoid process and glenoid width.

Methods
Using our institution’s electronic database, we selected 84 patients (55 males and 29 females) who underwent a shoulder computed tomography (CT) scan from January 2017 to May 2018 in this study. Mimics19.0 software was used for three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of CT and to measure the morphometric parameters of the coracoid process and glenoid width. Subgroup analyses stratified by gender and age were conducted and the parameters were compared with previously published reports. All data were statistically analysed by SPSS23.0 Statistical Package.

Results
A positive and significant relationship between the coracoid process and the glenoid width (R > 0.758, P < 0.01) was found. The midpoint width represents 52% (41–62%) of the glenoid width; the midpoint height, 40% (31–53%) of the glenoid width. Significant differences in all parameters between males and females were noted (P < 0.05). No significant differences among the age groups were observed (P > 0.05), whereas significant differences in almost all parameters between the ethnic groups were observed (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Our results could supplement the information in the shoulder joint database with morphometric parameters and provide a reference for theoretical research on coracoid osteotomy, which may in turn help surgeons in the evaluation of coracoid process transfer.
The position of the aorta relative to the spine in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis
Authors: Liang Yan , Xu Shuai , Zhao Yongfei , Zhu Zhenqi , Mao Keya , Wang Zheng , Liu Haiying 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Study design
A retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the position of the aorta by MRI in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the relative anatomic positions of the aorta and spine in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS).

Summary of background data
Aorta injury is a rare complication of spinal surgeries. However, there would be a disastrous consequence once it happened. Therefore, knowing about the position of aorta is of great importance.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed in 90 patients with ADS and 132 participants without spine deformity. ADS patients were divided into several groups such as left scoliosis, left scoliosis with thoracolumbar kyphosis, right scoliosis, and right scoliosis with thoracolumbar kyphosis. The aorta-vertebrae angle (α) and aorta-vertebrae distance (d) in each level of T12–L4 were measured by using a Cartesian coordinate system. t test of independent samples was performed, α and d were compared, and Pearson correlation analysis was employed for α, d, and X-ray radiographic measurements.

Result
The changes of α were not statistically significant (P > 0.05) in LS and LKS groups but d (P < 0.05) was longer in LKS group compared with the control group. In the right malformed group, there was no significant change in the angle (P > 0.05) in the abdominal aorta but longer d (P < 0.05) than the normal group. There was longer d in the RKS group compared with the RS group (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between d and TLK (r = 0.439, P < 0.05).

Conclusion
In patients with ADS, a relative normal position is maintained between the aorta and vertebrae. While the aorta is slightly away from the left pedicle in RS patients and farther away in patients with kyphosis, the angle of kyphosis would become bigger and d becomes longer. Therefore, the surgeons should be aware of the changes of the aorta position to avoid the disastrous vessel injuries.
ncHMR detector: a computational framework to systematically reveal non-classical functions of histone modification regulators
Authors: Hu Shengen , Huo Dawei , Yu Zhaowei , Chen Yujie , Liu Jing , Liu Lin , Wu Xudong , Zhang Yong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRecently, several non-classical functions of histone modification regulators (HMRs), independent of their known histone modification substrates and products, have been reported to be essential for specific cellular processes. However, there is no framework designed for identifying such functions systematically. Here, we develop ncHMR detector, the first computational framework to predict non-classical functions and cofactors of a given HMR, based on ChIP-seq data mining. We apply ncHMR detector in ChIP-seq data-rich cell types and predict non-classical functions of HMRs. Finally, we experimentally reveal that the predicted non-classical function of CBX7 is biologically significant for the maintenance of pluripotency.
Linked optical and gene expression profiling of single cells at high-throughput
Authors: Zhang Jesse Q. , Siltanen Christian A. , Liu Leqian , Chang Kai-Chun , Gartner Zev J. , Abate Adam R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSingle-cell RNA sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool for characterizing cells, but not all phenotypes of interest can be observed through changes in gene expression. Linking sequencing with optical analysis has provided insight into the molecular basis of cellular function, but current approaches have limited throughput. Here, we present a high-throughput platform for linked optical and gene expression profiling of single cells. We demonstrate accurate fluorescence and gene expression measurements on thousands of cells in a single experiment. We use the platform to characterize DNA and RNA changes through the cell cycle and correlate antibody fluorescence with gene expression. The platform’s ability to isolate rare cell subsets and perform multiple measurements, including fluorescence and sequencing-based analysis, holds potential for scalable multi-modal single-cell analysis.
Carnelian uncovers hidden functional patterns across diverse study populations from whole metagenome sequencing reads
Authors: Nazeen Sumaiya , Yu Yun William , Berger Bonnie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMicrobial populations exhibit functional changes in response to different ambient environments. Although whole metagenome sequencing promises enough raw data to study those changes, existing tools are limited in their ability to directly compare microbial metabolic function across samples and studies. We introduce Carnelian, an end-to-end pipeline for metabolic functional profiling uniquely suited to finding functional trends across diverse datasets. Carnelian is able to find shared metabolic pathways, concordant functional dysbioses, and distinguish Enzyme Commission (EC) terms missed by existing methodologies. We demonstrate Carnelian’s effectiveness on type 2 diabetes, Crohn’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and industrialized and non-industrialized gut microbiome cohorts.
Efficacy of electroacupuncture on acute abdomen emergency care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chang Yuan Ya , Chiu Chih Wen , Chen Chia Yun , Chang Chin Fu , Lee Tsung Chieh , Lo Lun Chien , Lee Chia Ying , Chang Kai , Chen Po Wei , Hsieh Chang Ju , Chang Yu Jun , Huang Sung Yen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Acute abdomen is a common disease in the emergency department (ED) and usually results in huge medical expenditure. To relieve abdominal pain effectively and reduce bed occupancy rate in emergency rooms, electroacupuncture is a practical method in the treatment of abdominal pain.

Methods/design
Five hundred patients will be randomly and evenly divided into experimental and control groups. Both groups should have their basic information taken and their bilateral acupuncture points ( Hegu (LI 4), Neiguan (PC6), Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST37), Xiajuxu (ST39), Taichong (LR3), and Taibai (SP3)) will be intervened by electroacupuncture or vaccaria Seeds, in this clinical study. Electroacupuncture has been introduced to this experiment as an auxiliary technique. The experimental group will receive real electroacupuncture, but the control group will receive a placebo electroacupuncture in which transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation will not be turned on. After the intervention, we will evaluate the difference in abdominal pain, the length of stay at the emergent observation ward, and the proportion of revisits with abdominal pain.

Discussion
In Taiwan, medical expenditure is increasing annually because of the higher bed occupancy caused by acute abdominal pain in the hospital. We expect that the combined treatment of electroacupuncture and modern medical treatment will not only reduce bed occupancy and the length of ED stay but also effectively decrease the rate of readmission and revisits by 72 h. By means of electroacupuncture, the spiraling cost of health care can eventually be reduced.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03199495. Registered on 27 June 2017.
In silico evolution of Aspergillus niger organic acid production suggests strategies for switching acid output
Authors: Upton Daniel J. , McQueen-Mason Simon J. , Wood A. Jamie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
The fungus Aspergillus niger is an important industrial organism for citric acid fermentation; one of the most efficient biotechnological processes. Previously we introduced a dynamic model that captures this process in the industrially relevant batch fermentation setting, providing a more accurate predictive platform to guide targeted engineering. In this article we exploit this dynamic modelling framework, coupled with a robust genetic algorithm for the in silico evolution of A. niger organic acid production, to provide solutions to complex evolutionary goals involving a multiplicity of targets and beyond the reach of simple Boolean gene deletions. We base this work on the latest metabolic models of the parent citric acid producing strain ATCC1015 dedicated to organic acid production with the required exhaustive genomic coverage needed to perform exploratory in silico evolution.

Results
With the use of our informed evolutionary framework, we demonstrate targeted changes that induce a complete switch of acid output from citric to numerous different commercially valuable target organic acids including succinic acid. We highlight the key changes in flux patterns that occur in each case, suggesting potentially valuable targets for engineering. We also show that optimum acid productivity is achieved through a balance of organic acid and biomass production, requiring finely tuned flux constraints that give a growth rate optimal for productivity.

Conclusions
This study shows how a genome-scale metabolic model can be integrated with dynamic modelling and metaheuristic algorithms to provide solutions to complex metabolic engineering goals of industrial importance. This framework for in silico guided engineering, based on the dynamic batch growth relevant to industrial processes, offers considerable potential for future endeavours focused on the engineering of organisms to produce valuable products.
Unstimulated whole saliva flow for diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome: time to revisit the threshold?
Authors: Lacombe Valentin , Lacout Carole , Lozac’h Pierre , Ghali Alaa , Gury Aline , Lavigne Christian , Urbanski Geoffrey 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) flow rate is one of the ACR/EULAR 2016 criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). With a single threshold of ≤ 0.1 mL/min, UWS flow does not take into account the age- and sex-related physiological variations. Furthermore, it has a low sensitivity for the diagnosis of pSS (about 50%), contrary to the screening test for xerophthalmia, Schirmer’s test (sensitivity of about 70%). We aimed to identify UWS thresholds allowing better performances for a screening test for pSS comparable to Schirmer’s test, and considering age- and sex-related variations.

Methods
A prospective cohort of 185 patients with oral and/or ocular dryness was classified into 3 groups: men, women < 50 (< 50 years old), and women ≥ 50 (≥ 50 years old). The diagnostic performances of UWS flow rate in these groups were compared in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and ROC curves. The identification of thresholds that optimize diagnostic performances was carried out using Youden’s index.

Results
The diagnostic performances of UWS flow rate varied according to age and sex. UWS had poor diagnostic performances whatever the threshold in the women ≥ 50 group. The threshold of 0.2 mL/min had a sensitivity of ≥ 70% and a specificity of ≥ 50% in both men and women < 50 groups. In the whole population and compared to the current cutoff, a threshold of 0.2 mL/min increased sensitivity (+ 19.8%) and positive (+ 2.3%) and negative (+ 7.0%) predictive values, with a better specificity (65.2%) than Schirmer’s test.

Conclusion
For objective assessment of xerostomia, raising the threshold of the UWS flow rate to 0.2 mL/min would optimize its screening performances for pSS.
The association between the rs4987105 of 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) gene and gestational glucose metabolism in Chinese population
Authors: Li Xi , Su Jindi , Chen Shiguo , Lin Sheng , Zheng Xiujie , Wang Baojiang , Yao Keqin , Lai Liping , Duan Shan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective
The arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) pathway has been investigated in diverse chronic inflammatory diseases including metabolic disorders. Recently, the ALOX5 polymorphism rs4987105 was identified to confer susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), implicating its role in regulating glucose homeostasis. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) shares similar pathogenic mechanism with T2DM. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association between rs4987105 and gestational glucose metabolism in Chinese pregnant women.

Results
A total of 380 unrelated Chinese pregnant women including 241 GDM patients and 139 controls were included in this study. The genotypes of rs4987105 were examined by the Agena MassARRAY iPLEX platform, the association between rs4987105 and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels at 24–28 gestational weeks was evaluated using different statistical methods. We found that carriers of rs4987105 CT/TT genotypes exhibited significantly lower FPG levels (P = 0.011). In addition, we observed a significant association between rs4987105 and FPG levels after adjusting confounding variables in the linear regression analysis using dominant genetic model (b = − 0.218; P = 0.01). The present study for the first time reported that the rs4987105 of 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) gene was associated with gestational glucose metabolism in Chinese pregnant women.
How advances in epidemiology are influencing older adult psychiatry
Authors: Shoham Natalie , Cooper Claudia 
Published: February 2020

SUMMARYShortcomings of randomised controlled clinical trials include their high cost, which often precludes very long-term studies and very large populations, and ethical constraints of randomisation. Observational studies are a valuable alternative and we outline their use in epidemiological research to study very long-term effects of lifestyle and medication on dementia, to explore (using Mendelian randomisation) the association between Alzheimer's dementia and individual traits, and to evaluate population-wide health inequalities and lifespan changes in risk factors for psychiatric illness.
Use of bright light therapy for older adults with dementia
Authors: Onega Lisa L. , Pierce Thomas W. 
Published: February 2020

SUMMARYBright light therapy is an accepted and commonly used treatment for seasonal affective and circadian rhythm disorders. In the past 20 years, researchers have examined the effectiveness of bright light therapy in improving depression and agitation in older adults with dementia. This article provides clinicians with a summary of the neurophysiology of bright light therapy, bright light research considerations, an evidence-based bright light protocol, problems related to bright light therapy, and clinical implications for bright light therapy in older adults with dementia. Bright light exposure is a safe, non-pharmacological treatment that is currently underutilised in this population. Clinicians may find bright light therapy beneficial as a primary or adjunctive treatment in reducing depression and agitation in older adults with dementia.
Efficacy of ramucirumab and docetaxel given either before or after immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with lung cancers.
Authors: Offin Michael , Xu Chongrui , Jain Harsh , Makhnin Alex , Hayes Sara A. , Plodkowski Andrew J. , Halpenny Darragh , Rudin Charles M. , Kris Mark G. , Drilon Alexander E. , Li Bob T. , Paik Paul K. 
Published: February 2020

9078 Background: Ramucirumab and docetaxel (RamDoce) is a treatment for lung cancer patients after platinum-based therapy regardless of histology, the presence of oncogenic drivers, or prior immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). Past data has shown a possible differential response to chemotherapy based on ICI exposure. We determined the activity of RamDoce given to patients before or after ICI. Methods: We evaluated patients with stage IV lung cancers who received RamDoce at MSK from 1/2015 - 6/2018. We grouped them based on timing of RamDoce: Before (including never receiving ICI) or After ICI. Ram was given at 8-10mg/kg with Doce 60-75mg/m2 every 2-3 weeks. Demographics, oncogene status and histologic comparisons were done with Mann-Whitney and Fisher’s exact tests. Time to treatment discontinuation (TTD) and overall survival (OS), were compared by long-rank test. Results: 194 patients received RamDoce: 78 Before and 116 After ICI. Median line of therapy for RamDoce in both cohorts was 3. Demographics in the Before and After ICI respectively included: 45 vs 53 female (p = 0.56), 50 vs 96 ever-smokers (p = 0.004), 59 vs 64 years old (p = 0.003), 73 vs 103 adenocarcinoma (p = 0.30). 83% (64/77) of patients with available tissue were PD-L1 negative. TMB was similar between cohorts (7.8 vs 6.1 mut/Mb, p = 0.68). Before ICI had a greater proportion of oncogenes present (64% vs 47%, p = 0.02). Combining Cohorts, TTD for EGFR-mutant (n = 41) and KRAS-mutant (n = 45) lung cancers was 4.0 and 3.9 months respectively vs 2.3 months for EGFR/KRAS-WT (p = 0.051). There was no difference in TTD for adenocarcinoma (n = 176) vs squamous cancers (n = 15, 2.6 vs. 3.1 months respectively; HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.4-1.7, p = 0.51). We saw no difference in TTD between Before (1.5 months) and After ICI (3.0 months, HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.7-1.2, p = 0.39). There was no difference in OS: Before ICI (1.6 years) and After ICI (2.0 years; HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.8-1.5, p = 0.49). Conclusions: There was no difference in TTD or OS for RamDoce when given before or after ICI. There was a trend toward prolonged benefit from RamDoce in EGFR/KRAS-mutant lung cancers. Data on the efficacy of RamDoce in oncogene-driven groups can help guide care and serve as a benchmark for new drug evaluations.