bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential associated factors of functional disability in Chinese older inpatients: A multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Hongpeng , Jiao Jing , Zhu Chen , Zhu Minglei , Wen Xianxiu , Jin Jingfen , Wang Hui , Lv Dongmei , Zhao Shengxiu , Wu Xinjuan , Xu Tao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Older adults are vulnerable to a decline in physical functioning, including basic activities of daily living (ADL) and higher-level instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The causes of functional disability in older adults are multifactorial. A comprehensive understanding of these factors will contribute toward future health service planning. However, studies of ADL and IADL in Chinese older adults are insufficient. The aim of this study is to describe the level of ADL and IADL in different age groups and explore the factors associated with functional disability in Chinese older inpatients.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study consisted of 9,996 Chinese older inpatients aged 65 years and older. Participants were recruited from six provinces or municipality city in southwest (Sichuan province), northeast (Heilongjiang), south central (Hubei province), northern (Beijing municipality city), northwest (Qinghai province), and eastern China (Zhejiang province) from October 2018 to February 2019. The levels of ADL and IADL were measured by scores of the Barthel index and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale in consecutive intervals from 65 years of age. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, a mixed-effect generalized linear model was used to examine the association between functional disability and covariates.
Results: The average ADL score was 27.68±4.59 and the mean IADL score 6.76±2.01 for all participants. A negative correlation between scores and age was observed, and there was a significant difference in ADL and IADL scores among different age groups. The top negatively influential factor in ADL and IADL was stair climbing and shopping, respectively. After controlling for the cluster effect of hospital wards, aging, emaciation, frailty, depression, falling accidents in past 12 months, hearing dysfunction, cognitive dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, and defecation dysfunction were associated with ADL and IADL. Patients transitioned from the emergency department and other hospitals were also affected by ADL disability. Former smoking was associated with lower IADL scores. Higher level of education, living in a building without elevators, and current alcohol consumption were correlated with better IADL performance.
Conclusion: Decreased functional ability was associated with the increasing age. Sociodemographic characteristics (such as age), physical health variables (frailty, emaciation, hearing dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, defecation dysfunction, falling accidents in past 12 months), and mental health variables (cognitive dysfunction, depression) were associated with functional disability. These findings potentially have major importance for the planning of hospital services, discharge planning, and post-discharge care.
Are suicidal behaviors more prevalent among rural-to-urban migrants than non-migrant rural and urban residents in Wuhan, China? –Evidence from a GIS/GPS-assisted probability sample
Authors: Yu Bin , Chen Xinguang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background There is a lack of solid data on suicide among rural-to-urban migrants in China, a large and rapid growing population currently totaling 280 million. The study aims to investigate whether suicidal behaviors are more prevalent among the rural migrants than the non-migrant rural and urban residents. Methods Data from a probability sample (N=3951, 32.65% rural-to-urban migrants) were analyzed. The sample was selected in Wuhan, China using the GIS/GPS-assisted multistage probability sampling method. Suicidal ideation and attempt in the past year were measured. Prevalence rate [95% CI] was calculated using survey estimation method, considering the sampling design with sample clusters, disproportionate probabilities, and weights. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) [95% CI] was used to compare the difference of rural migrants with rural and urban residents in suicidal behaviors controlling for covariates. Results Among rural migrants, 5.74% [4.81, 6.68] reported having suicidal ideation, compared to 4.74% [3.07, 6.42] and 3.65% [2.64, 4.65] for rural and urban residents, respectively. The migrant-urban resident difference was significant with AOR =1.93 [1.26, 2.94] while the migrant-rural resident difference was not with AOR= 0.87 [0.46, 1.67]. The prevalence rate of suicidal attempt was 5.47% [4.57, 6.36] for rural migrants, significantly higher than 1.14% [0.43, 1.85] for rural residents with AOR=2.89 [1.12, 7.43]; and 2.01% [1.21, 2.82] for urban residents with AOR =3.97 [2.15, 7.34]. Conclusions Rural migrants are at higher risks for suicide comparing to rural and urban residents. Additional research is needed to examine factors related to the increased risk of suicidal behaviors among rural migrants in China.
Exogenous melatonin promotes rice seed germination under salinity through regulating antioxidants and metabolic homeostasis
Authors: Huangfu Liexiang , Zhang Enying , Fang Huimin , Li Pengcheng , Xu Yang , Chen Rujia , Yao Youli , Zhu Minyan , Yin Shuangyi , Xu Chenwu , Zhou Yong , Yang Zefeng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Melatonin plays important roles in multiple plant developmental processes and stress responses. However, little is known about the role and putative mechanism of exogenous melatonin in regulating rice seed germination under salt stress. Main Body Here, we revealed that the exogenous application of melatonin can significantly promote rice seed germination under salinity. Its putative molecular mechanisms are further investigated through metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. The results revealed that the phytohormone concentrations in germinating seeds are reprogrammed, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) are enhanced, and the total antioxidant capacity under salinity is activated by exogenous melatonin. In addition, rice seeds pre-treated with melatonin exhibit higher concentrations of glycosides than non-treated seeds under salinity. Furthermore, exogenous melatonin alleviates the accumulation of fatty acids under salinity. Genome-wide transcriptomic profiling is used to identify 7160 transcripts which are differentially expressed under salt (NaCl), salt + melatonin (MT100), and control treatments. Pathway and GO enrichment analyses reveal that the genes involved in the response to oxidative stress, hormone metabolism, heme building, mitochondrion, and tricarboxylic acid transformation are altered after melatonin pre-treatment under salinity. Conclusion This study provides evidence for exogenous melatonin increasing rice seed germination under salt stress, mainly through the activation of antioxidants and modulation of metabolic homeostasis.
Acceptability, equity, and feasibility of using antipsychotics in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.
Authors: D'Alò Gian Loreto , De Crescenzo Franco , Amato Laura , Cruciani Fabio , Davoli Marina , Fulceri Francesca , Minozzi Silvia , Mitrova Zuzana , Morgano Gian Paolo , Nardocci Franco , Saulle Rosella , Schünemann Holger Jens , Scattoni Maria Luisa 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: It is unclear whether the administration of antipsychotics to children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is acceptable, equitable, and feasible. Methods: We performed a systematic review to support a multidisciplinary panel in formulating a recommendation on antipsychotics, for the development of the Italian national guidelines for the management of ASD. A comprehensive search strategy was performed to find data related to intervention acceptability, health equity, and implementation feasibility. We used quantitative data from randomized controlled trials to perform a meta-analysis assessing the acceptability and tolerability of antipsychotics, and we estimated the certainty of the effect according to the GRADE approach. We extracted data from systematic reviews, primary studies, and grey literature, and we assessed the risk of bias and methodological quality of the published studies. Results: Antipsychotics were acceptable (dropouts due to any cause: RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.48-0.78, moderate certainty of evidence) and well tolerated (dropouts due to adverse events: RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.55- 1.79, low certainty of evidence) by children and adolescents with ASD. Parents and clinicians did not raise significant issues concerning acceptability. We did not find studies reporting evidence of reduced equity for antipsychotics in disadvantaged subgroups of children and adolescents with ASD. Workloads, cost barriers, and inadequate monitoring of metabolic adverse events were indirect evidence of concerns for feasibility. Conclusion : Antipsychotics in children and adolescents with ASD were likely acceptable and possibly feasible. We did not find evidence of concern for equity.
Serological and molecular evidence of Brucella species in the rapidly growing pig sector in Kenya
Authors: Akoko James Miser , Pelle Roger , Kivali Velma , Schelling Esther , Shirima Gabriel , Machuka Eunice , Mathew Coletha , Fèvre Eric M. , Kyallo Victoria , Falzon Laura , Lukambagire AbdulHamid , Halliday Jo E.B. , Bonfoh Bassirou , Kazwala Rudovick , Ouma Collins 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBrucellosis is an emerging, yet neglected zoonosis that has been reported in Kenya. Epidemiological data on brucellosis in ruminants is readily accessible; however, reports on brucellosis in pigs remain limited. This study sought to detect Brucella infection in pig serum by both serological and molecular techniques. Serum from 700 pigs randomly collected at a centralized abattoir in Nairobi, Kenya were screened in parallel, using the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and competitive Enzyme-Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay (cELISA) for antibodies against Brucella spp.. All sera positive by RBT and 16 randomly selected negative samples were further tested using conventional PCR targeting bcsp31 gene and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assays targeting IS711 and bcsp31 genes.ResultsA prevalence of 0.57% (n=4/700) was estimated using RBT. All RBT positive sera were also positive by both PCRs, while two sero-negative samples also tested positive on RT-PCR (n = 6/20). Brucella abortus was detected in four out of the six PCR positive samples through a multiple real-time PCR. ConclusionThe detection of antibodies against Brucella spp. and DNA in serum from slaughterhouse pigs indicate the presence of Brucella in pigs. Therefore, investigation of the epidemiology and role of pigs in the transmission of brucellosis in Kenya is needed. Further targeted studies would be useful to systematically quantify and identify the spp. of Brucella in pigs.
Ethno-medicinal uses of vertebrates in Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, central Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Jagan Nath , Bhattarai Bishnu Prasad , Rokaya Maan Bahadur , Thapa Tej Bahadur 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Traditional knowledge on use of animal products to maintain human health is important since time immemorial. Although a few studies are reported as food and medicinal values of different animals, a comprehensive ethno-medicinal study of vertebrates in Nepal is still lacking. Thus, present study is aimed to document the ethno-medicinal knowledge related to vertebrate fauna among different ethnic communities in Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, central Nepal.Methods: Ethno-medicinal information collected by using semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussion and key informant interview. The data were analyzed by applying Use Value (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) and Fidelity level (FL).Results: The study reported a total of 58 species of vertebrates of which 53 were wild and 5 as domestic. They were used to treat 62 different types human ailments. Four vertebrates were also used for veterinary and agriculture. The most commonly used species was Felis chaus (UV = 0.25) with 3 use-reports by 10 informants. Cardiovascular and dental problems had the highest ICF value (0.974) with cardiovascular problems having 351 use-reports for 10 animal species and dental problems having 77 use-reports for 3 animal species. The least ICF was found in ophthalmological problems (ICF=0.833, use reports=7 for 2 species). Conclusions: The vertebrates are widely used by the local people and the traditional healers in Chitwan-Annapurna landscape against various ailments. The users collected the vertebrates mostly from wild. People intentionally or unintentionally kill wild animals that has threated the availability of different species. Our study revealed in-depth knowledge on use of vertebrates including their status needed for the sustainable ethno-medicinal uses and their future conservation.
Comparison of treatment response, survival profiles as well as safety profiles between CalliSpheres® microspheres transarterial chemoembolization and conventional transarterial chemoembolization in huge hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Duan Xuhua , Liu Juanfang , Han Xinwei , Ren Jianzhuang , Li Hao , Li Fengyao , Ju Shuguang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare treatment response, survival and safety profiles between drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE) with CalliSpheres® microspheres (CSM) and conventional TACE (cTACE) in huge hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.Methods: 71 patients with huge HCC underwent DEB-TACE or cTACE were consecutively enrolled. Treatment response was assessed at first month (M1), third month (M3) and sixth month (M6) after TACE therapy; progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated; liver function indexes were recorded before TACE operation (M0), at first week (W1), M1 and M6 after TACE therapy; adverse events which occurred after TACE operation were recorded. Results: DEB-TACE presented with higher objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) compared to cTACE. Regarding survival profiles, the short-term mortality rate was lower, and PFS as well as OS were longer in DEB-TACE group compared with cTACE group. Multivariate Cox’s regression further illustrated that DEB-TACE vs cTACE was an independent protective factor for PFS and OS. As for safety profiles, patients’ liver function injury was reduced in DEB-TACE group compared with cTACE group. The incidence of fever was lower and CINV were less severe in DEB-TACE group compared with cTACE group, while no difference in occurrence of liver abscess, increase of ascites or moderate pain between two groups was observed. Conclusion: DEB-TACE with CSM presents with better treatment response, survival profiles as well as safety profiles compared to cTACE in treatment for huge HCC patients.
Selection and validation of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR analysis of Nitraria tangutorum
Authors: Wang Bo , WANG Lirong , Duan Huirong , Chong Peifang , Su Shiping , Shan Lishan , Yi Dan , Li Yi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Suitable reference genes can be used to calibrate the error in quantitative real‑time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) experiments and make the results more credible. However, reference genes suitable for different species and different experimental conditions do not exist. Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. is a typical plant in desert areas and desert plains, which is drought-resistant, saline-alkali resistant, barren-resistant, and has extremely strong adaptability. Due to insufficient understanding of the importance of this germplasm in the past, it is still unclear which genes can be used as reference genes to calibrate qRT-PCR data of N. tangutorum .Results: In this study, we analyzed the expression levels of 10 candidate reference genes (ACT, GAPDH, TUA, TUB, CYP, UBC, His, PP2A, HSP, and EF1-α) in three tissues (root, stem and leaf) and under five abiotic stresses (salt, drought, heat, cold, and ABA) of N. tangutorum seedlings by qRT-PCR. Three analysis software programs (geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper) were used to evaluate expression stability of ten genes. Comprehensive analysis showed that EF1-α and His had the best expression stability, whereas HSP was the least suitable as a reference gene. The expression profile of NtCER7, a gene related to the regulation of the waxy synthesis of N. tangutorum, verified the accuracy of the experimental results.Conclusion: Based on this study, we recommend EF1-α and His as suitable reference genes for N. tangutorum. This study provides the first data on stable reference genes in N. tangutorum, which will be beneficial to study of the gene expression of N. tangutorum and other Nitraria species in the future.
Impact of malocclusion on oral health related quality of life of 11-14-year-old children
Authors: Geevarghese Amrita , Baskaradoss Jagan , Alsaadi Waad , Alemam Hoda , Alghaihab Amjad , Almutire Amal , Almethen Abeer 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background This study investigates the impact of malocclusion on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of 11-14-year-old children.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 caregiver/child (11-14-year-olds) dyads seeking orthodontic consultation at the orthodontic center at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed using child perception questionnaire 11-14 (CPQ 11–14 ) and the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) was used to assess severity of malocclusion. CPQ 11–14 scores ranged from 0 to 64, with lower scores representing a better quality of life. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess differences between domain and total CPQ 11–14 scores with the co-variates. Results The mean CPQ 11–14 score was 19.89±9.8. Mean scores for the global rating, oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional well-being, and social well-being domains were 4.91±2.15, 5.26±3.22, 3.67±3.58, 3.98±3.89 and 2.08±2.98, respectively. The distribution of subjects across the four severity categories was minor/none – 37%, definite – 22%, severe – 15% and very severe 24%. The overall and domain-specific scores of CPQ 11–14 varied across the different categories of malocclusion. In the comparisons by pairs, it was found that children with very severe malocclusion had significantly higher scores for the social well-being domain and global rating of oral health as compared to children with no/minor malocclusion (p<0.05). Conclusion Substantial variability in the well-being domain of CPQ 11–14 was observed among children with no/minor malocclusions as compared to children with severe malocclusions.
Community-Based Outreach associated with Increased Health Utilization among Navajo Individuals living with Diabetes: a Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Franz Calvin , Atwood Sidney , Orav John , Curley Cameron , Brown Christian , Trevisi Letizia , Nelson Adrianne Katrina , Begay Mae-Gilene , Shin Sonya S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Navajo community members face high rates of diabetes mellitus and other chronic diseases. The Navajo Community Health Representative Outreach Program collaborated with healthcare providers and academic collaborators to implement structured and coordinated outreach to patients living with diabetes. The intervention, called Community Outreach and Patient Empowerment or COPE, provides home-based health coaching and community-clinic linkages to promote self-management and engagement in healthcare services among patients living with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how outreach by Navajo Community Health Representatives (“COPE Program”) to affected utilization of health care services among patients living with diabetes. Methods De-identified data from 2010 to 2014 were abstracted from electronic health records at participating health facilities. In this observational cohort study, 173 cases were matched to 2,880 controls. Healthcare utilization was measured as the number of times per quarter services were accessed by the patient. Changes in utilization over four years were modeled using a difference-in-differences approach, comparing the trajectory of COPE patients’ utilization before versus after enrollment with that of the control group. The model was estimated using generalized linear mixed models for count outcomes, controlling for clustering at the patient level and the service unit level. Results COPE enrollees showed a 2.5% per patient per quarter (pppq) greater increase in total utilization (p = 0.001) of healthcare services than non-COPE enrollees; a 3.2% greater increase in primary care visits (p = 0.024); a 6.3% greater increase in utilization of counseling and behavioral health services (p = 0.013); and a 9.0% greater increase in pharmacy visits (p < 0.001). We found no statistically significant differences in utilization trends of inpatient, emergency room, specialty outpatient, dental, laboratory, radiology, or community encounter services among COPE participants versus control. Conclusions A structured intervention consisting of Community Health Representative outreach and coordination with clinic-based providers was associated with a modest increase in health care utilization, including primary care and counseling services, among Navajo patients living with diabetes. Community health workers may provide an important linkage to enable patients to access and engage in clinic-based health care.
Clinical, Functional and Radiographic Outcomes of Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty between Direct Anterior Approach and Posterior Approach: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Peng Linbo , Zeng Yi , Wu Yuangang , Zeng Junfeng , Liu Yuan , Shen Bin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the clinical, functional and radiographic outcomes of primary total hip arthroplasty between the direct anterior approach and posterior approach. Methods: We searched the PubMed, EMBASE databases and Cochrane library from the inception dates to November 1, 2019. And we also searched for the meta-analysis which was published in the past for randomized controlled trials. Results: A total of 7 randomized controlled trials with 600 participants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Among these, 301 and 299 patients were in the DAA and PA groups, respectively. DAA was associated with a longer surgery time by a mean of 13.74 min (95% CI 6.88 to 20.61, p < 0.0001, I2=93%). Postoperative early functional outcomes were significantly better in the DAA group than PA group such as Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) postoperative 1 day (MD=-0.65, 95% CI -0.91 to -0.38,p < 0.00001, I2=0%), VAS score postoperative 2 days (MD=-0.67, 95% CI -1.34 to -0.01, p =0.05,I2=88%) and Harris Hip Score (HHS) postoperative 6 weeks(MD=6.05, 95% CI 1.14 to 10.95, p =0.02, I2=52%).There was no significant difference between the DAA and PA groups at length of incision, length of stay(LOS), blood loss, transfusion rates or complication rates. We found no significant difference between the two groups about late functional outcomes such as VAS score postoperative 12 months or HHS scores postoperative 3, 6, 12 months. A significant difference in Radiographic outcomes can not be detected too. Conclusions: DAA needs longer surgery time than PA in primary total hip arthroplasty. The DAA offers better early functional recovery than PA. There is no significant difference between the two groups in terms of other clinical, complication, late functional and radiographic outcomes. The evidence about the superiority of DAA is insufficient, which needs more research.