bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early protection against influenza by pandemic live attenuated influenza vaccines
Authors: Rekstin Andrey R. , Desheva Julia A. , Kiseleva Irina V. , Isakova-Sivak Irina N. 
Published: January 2020

Live attenuated cold-adapted (ca) influenza vaccine (LAIV) is an effective tool for the control of influenza, most likely due to their ability to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses, easy application and relatively low manufacturing costs. Attenuated cold-adapted vaccine strains that have achieved a satisfactory balance between restricted replication and high immunogenicity are desirable. The immunogenicity of live attenuated vaccines may depend upon the interplay between its ability to induce pro-inflammatory cytokine responses and the relative sensitivity of the attenuated vaccine strain to an antiviral effect of these cytokines. To better understand the relationship between attenuation and induction of innate immunity as well as contribution of the early cytokine response to the relative immunogenicity of LAIVs, we have studied early protection induced by LAIV in vivo as well as early cytokine response in human cells macrophage origin in response to infection with vaccine strains or epidemic virus.
The aim of this study was to investigate the early immune response and protective activity in female CBA mice intranasally immunized with cold-adapted influenza vaccine strains of different genome compositions of 5:3 or 6:2. For experimental infection pandemic influenza viruses A/South Africa/3626/13 (H1N1)pdm09 and A/New York/61/15 (H1N1)pdm09 were used to be administered to animals at a dose of 106 EID50 at day 3 after immunization (challenge infection). Although challenge viruses replicate at mice lungs at various, extend, on day 10 after immunization mice were protected from death from 60 up to 80%. Reassortants LAIV did not differ statistically on these levels.
Study of the expression of IFN- and IFN- genes in human lung macrophage line cells THP-1 in vitro have shown that macrophages stimulated with vaccine strains with the genome formula 6:2 and 5:3, had a sufficient level of expression of these genes, comparable to that, as in infection with wild virus type A/South Africa/3626/13 (H1N1)pdm09. These data may indicate that surface proteins of influenza A virus are involved in the process of stimulation of the IFN- and IFN- genes.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Basumatary Barun K. , Dutta Bijoy K. , Choudhury Nabina 
Published: January 2020

Background: The term asymptomatic bacteriuria is defined as the presence of > 100,000 colonies of a single bacterial species per millilitre of urine (105 cfu /mL), cultured from clean catch midstream sample in the absence of declared symptoms. The aim of this study was to know the incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy and the various factors influencing it, to identify the pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.Methods: Clean catch mid-stream urine samples were collected from 3000 pregnant women (all trimesters) aged between 18-35 years of age attending the antenatal OPD in GMCH, Guwahati for a period of one year (July 2018-June2019). Identification of organisms and antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed as per standard methods.Results: In our study, incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was found to be 12.1%. Most women (52.89%) were in the age group of (20-30) years, mostly in second trimester (47.1%). Gram negative organisms were the commonest organisms isolated; among which Escherichia coli (56.75%) was the principal urinary pathogen followed by Klebsiella sp (14.33%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (12.67%). The isolates were most sensitive to Nitrofurantoin (87.88%).Conclusions: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common in pregnancy. Once ASB is recognized during pregnancy, it should be appropriately treated with antibiotics and promptly followed up.
Pengaruh Religiusitas Jamaah Masjid Az-Zuhud Petanahan Kebumen Terhadap Perilaku Toleransi Beragama dengan Kepribadian yang Dimilikinya
Authors: Saliyo Saliyo 
Published: January 2020

The research aimed to know influence of one's religiosity to its tolerance behavior. The second know the personality variables as a moderator variable between variable tolerance behavior towards one's religiosity. This research is quantitative. The number of research subjects 75 respondents jamaah yasinan Az-Zuhud Mosque Village Petanahan Petanahan District Kebumen. The analysis used by using computerized regression analysis services. Sampling data using probability sampling with random sampling. Data collection using scale. The results showed that no significant relationship between religiosity and religious tolerance a person against person. There is a significant relationship when the personality becomes a moderator variable between religiosity toward tolerance. This means that the religiosity interact with personality as moderator variables, the higher the effect the higher the religiosity of someone's personality influence the behavior of tolerance
VISUAL FRAMING OF ISLAM IN ONLINE NEWSPAPERS: EVIDENCE FROM SELECTED MUSLIM-MAJORITY NATIONS
Authors: Hassan Isyaku , Nazri Latiff Azmi Mohd 
Published: January 2020

Purpose of the study: This study comparatively explores Islam-related visual elements in selected online newspapers from Nigeria and Malaysia.
Methodology: A total of 425 photos and 23 videos published alongside Islam-related news collected from selected online newspapers between November 2015 and September 2016 were analyzed via content analysis.
Main Findings: The findings reveal that 43 out of the total number of photos reproduced violence while no violent videos were found in the select newspapers. It was also found that some of the photos used in the selected newspapers were either unrelated to the event being reported or used in different reports.
Applications: This study could be valuable for practicing journalists in the process of carrying out their jobs. It is also intended to influence the newspaper management decisions on how to disseminate information that is free of bias and maintain accountability for their news.
Novelty/Originality: This study provided evidence on the visual framing of Islam in online newspapers, particularly within Muslim-majority states.
A New Popular Front, or, on the Role of Critical Jurisprudence under Neo-Authoritarianism in Central-Eastern Europe
Authors: Tacik Przemysław 
Published: January 2020

The current decade brought a neo-authoritarian wave to the countries in CEE. This process, which in certain respects runs parallel to the populist upsurge in Western countries, has its own specificity. Firstly, by focusing on the clash between “elites” and “the people”, it rekindles – in a displaced, right-wing form – the class conflict which before 1989 was an ideological staple in CEE countries. Secondly, insofar as neo-authoritarianism in CEE has often a distinctly neo-liberal agenda shadowed by declarative anti-globalism and national chauvinism, it warps the field of political struggle. Thirdly, in the neo-authoritarian turn law becomes the crucial field of ideological fight, principally in those countries where populists came to power. In this respect, new governments in CEE resort to a blend of old Fascist tools (such as dismantling of constitutional control and denying the primacy of international law) and new inventions (such as the effective state of exception in some areas of law in Poland introduced in 2015–18). The role of critical jurisprudence in CEE is therefore particularly significant and difficult. The paper argues that liberal jurisprudence, although actively engaged in analysing neo-authoritarianism, does not possess adequate conceptual tools for full success. Therefore critical jurisprudence should urgently take part in explaining neoauthoritarianism in the legal field.
Delimiting Central Europe as a Juridical Space: A Preliminary Exercise in Critical Legal Geography
Authors: Mańko Rafał 
Published: January 2020

The aim of the present paper is to contribute to the on-going discussion, both in legal theory and in comparative law, concerning the status of Central Europe and its delimitation from other legal regions in Europe, notably Romano-Germanic Western Europe but also Eastern Europe and Eurasia. The paper adopts the methodological perspective of critical legal geography, understood as a strand of critical jurisprudence laying at the interstices of spatial justice studies, critical geography, comparative law, sociology of law and legal history. The paper proceeds by identifying the notion of Central Europe with reference to a specific list of countries, then proposes a number of objective criteria for delimitng Central Europe and applies them in order to highlight the difference between Central Europe and other adjacent legal regions. Following that, the paper enquires as to whether Central Europe should be deemed to be a ‘legal family’, a ‘legal union’ or simply a ‘legal space’ or ‘space of legal culture’.
Ademia: Agamben and the Idea of the People
Authors: Fusco Gian Giacomo 
Published: January 2020

In the volume Stasis. Civil War as a Political Paradigm, the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben advances the thesis that ademia – the absence of a people (a-demos) – is a constitutive element of the modern state. When confronted with the fact that modern political and juridical thought elevated the people to the role of the sole chief constituent agent and the ultimate source of the legitimacy of constituted orders, this thesis turns out to be rather problematic. In this work, I will explore Agamben’s notion of ademia, retracing the main lines of its theoretical development and reconsidering it in relation to different interpretations of the idea of the people. Most notably, I will demonstrate how Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Carl Schmitt in challenging the conundrums that the idea of the people inevitably entails ended up in revealing the ultimate absence of the people in the political space of the constituted order of the state. In doing so, I will try to show how Agamben’s notion of ademia is helpful is grasping some of the main paradoxes and conundrums underpinning the meaning and the uses of the idea of the people in legal and political thought.
Pedagogies of the Poor: Resisting Resilience in Eastern Europe and Beyond
Authors: Reid Julian 
Published: January 2020

This article illustrates the different ways in which the poor are being put to work, in defence of a global neoliberal order by global economic institutions concerned with constructing them as resilient subjects, as well as by opponents of neoliberalism concerned with galvanizing the revolutionary potentials of poor people. In spite of the apparent gulf between neoliberalism and its revolutionary opponents, the poor find themselves subject to remarkably similar strategies of construction by both proponents and opponents of neoliberalism today. This predicament of the poor is particularly vexed in Eastern Europe where strategies of resilience are fast developing, and critical legal theory has so far offered little resistance to this trend. Turning against this tide, this article considers how we might reimagine poverty and conceive its politics beyond and against clichéd images of the poor as resilient subjects. Through an analysis of the work of the Hungarian filmmaker Bela Tarr, it argues for the necessity of images capable of conveying the intolerability of the conditions in which the poor continue to live, as well as the contingency of those conditions; images that serve as interventions on narratives which would reduce the poor to a life of mere resilience.
The Border, the Laggan and the Professor
Authors: Macourt Malcolm 
Published: January 2020

The physical boundary (‘the border’) between Northern Ireland and the rest of Ireland has featured as a crucial part in relationships across the island, not least in the negotiations between the UK and the EU over Brexit.
Under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921, a Boundary Commission was established with Professor Eoin MacNeill as the representative of the Irish Free State. It started its work after the civil war in the Irish Free State (1922-23) had ceased. It almost achieved its objective of a revised border.
With the agreement of all sides, the major source of data was religion in the 1911 Census, but individual returns were not made available to the Commission. The areas agreed for transfer involved large majorities of Catholics to the Free State and large majorities of Protestants to the North. The only exception was the Laggan in northeast Donegal, an area with a small Protestant majority.
At the last moment MacNeill withdrew, the Commission could not produce a unanimous report, therefore its report was unenforceable and it remained secret for over 40 years. The 1911 Census forms became available in the new millennium permitting detailed examination of the Laggan.
This paper addresses the outcomes of the Commission’s work and questions whether there was a particular problem which caused MacNeill to withdraw. Speculation on MacNeill’s activity in this exercise is offered and related to his official reasons for sinking the Commission.
The Marginality of ‘Irish Mormonism’
Authors: O'Brien Hazel 
Published: January 2020

This article builds upon existing literature which demonstrates the complex interconnections of Catholicism, Irishness, and whiteness in the Republic of Ireland. Using this multifaceted inter-relationship between religious, national, and racial identities as its starting point, this article analyses negotiations of Irishness, community, and belonging amongst adherents of Mormonism in Ireland.
This article firstly argues that as members of a minority religion Mormons in Ireland of all backgrounds are stigmatised and marginalised from Irish narratives of ‘belonging’. Secondly, this article determines that as the majority of Mormons in Ireland are white Irish, in keeping with the majority population, they view themselves and are viewed by others as both insiders and outsiders within their own country. Thirdly, this article demonstrates how Mormons in Ireland with racialised identities also navigate a complex system of racial, religious, and national affiliations. Thus, this article establishes that Mormons of all backgrounds in Ireland struggle to gain acceptance and belonging within the national narrative of belonging.
Finally, this article identifies the processes through which Mormons in Ireland work to create belonging to the national narrative. For some, emphasising their identity as Christian is a way to find commonality with the majority Catholic population in Ireland. For others, a celebration and reinterpretation of Irishness is used as a tool to build a dual sense of belonging; to others within an increasingly diverse Mormon community in Ireland, and to the wider society.
Multimodal Neurologic Enhancement Improves Preterm Infants' Developmental Outcomes: A Longitudinal Pilot Study
Authors: Detmer Michael R. , Evans Kayla , Shina Erin , Walker Kimberly , DeLoach Darcy , Malowitz Johnathan R. 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify the long-term developmental effects of a NICU music therapy intervention, Multimodal Neurologic Enhancement, provided to preterm infants in the NICU.DesignProspective randomized controlled study with one control group and one experimental group.SampleParticipants were medically stable preterm infants with a birth age of 31 and 6/7 weeks or less, admitted to a level-III NICU. A total of 84 participants were enrolled, and 48 completed the study.Main Outcome VariablePost-discharge developmental scores on the Mullen Scales of Early Learning: AGS Edition.ResultsThe experimental group performed significantly better than the control group on the Visual Reception and Early Learning Composite scores.
Upaya Peningkatan Interaksi Sosial dan Prestasi Belajar Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Learning Together (LT) Dilengkapi dengan Kartu Pintar pada Materi Stoikiometri bagi Peserta Didik Kelas X MIA-2 SMA Batik 2 Surakarta Tahun Pelajaran 2015/2016
Authors: Ramadan Annas Fahmi , Haryono Haryono , Mulyani Bakti 
Published: January 2020

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar dan interaksi sosial siswa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran <em>Learning Together </em>(<em>LT</em>) dilengkapi kartu pintar pada materi pokok stoikiometri kelas X MIA-2 Semester Genap SMA Batik 2 Surakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap observasi dan tahap refleksi. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas X MIA-2 SMA Batik 2 Surakarta tahun pelajaran 2015/2016. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, tes dan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prestasi belajar dan interaksi sosial siswa mengalami peningkatan dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran <em>Learning Together </em>(<em>LT</em>) dilengkapi kartu pintar.<em> </em>Aspek pengetahuan mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sebesar 62,50% menjadi 82,50% pada siklus II. Aspek Interaksi Sosial mengalami peningkatan dari 74,61% pada siklus I menjadi 79,20% pada sikus II. Aspek sikap mengalami peningkatan dari dari siklus I sebesar 78,46% menjadi 82,25% pada siklus II. Aspek Sikap hanya ada pada siklus I yaitu sebesar 77,50%.</p>
Studi Komparasi Menggunakan Model IBL dan POGIL Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Ditinjau dari Keterampilan Proses
Authors: Madyani Ida , Haryono Haryono , Utomo Suryadi Budi 
Published: January 2020

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui perbedaan prestasi belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran IBL dan POGIL; (2) mengetahui perbedaan prestasi belajar pada siswa yang memiliki keterampilan proses tinggi dan keterampilan proses rendah; dan (3) interaksi antara model pembelajaran IBL dan POGIL dengan keterampilan proses terhadap prestasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Sampel terdiri dari 2 kelas yang diambil menggunakan teknik <em>cluster random sampling. </em>Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu tes tertulis, tes keterampilan proses, angket untuk penilaian afektif, dan observasi keterampilan praktikum untuk penilaian psikomotor. Uji hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis Varian (Anava) dua jalan dengan desain faktorial 2x2. Statistik uji menggunakan GLM (<em>General Linier Model</em>) yang terdapat dalam <em>software</em> SPSS 21 dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada materi larutan penyangga kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri Kebakkramat tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 dapat disimpulkan : 1) Terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar siswa pada aspek kognitif dan afektif menggunakan model pembelajaran <em>Inquiry Based Learning </em>(IBL) dan <em>Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning </em>(POGIL) sedangkan psikomotor tidak; (2) Terdapat perbedaan prestasi belajar siswa pada aspek afektif dan psikomotor pada siswa yang memiliki keterampilan proses tinggi dan keterampilan proses rendah, sedangkan kognitif tidak; dan (3) Terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran <em>Inquiry Based Learning </em>(IBL) dan <em>Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning </em>(POGIL) dengan keterampilan proses siswa terhadap prestasi belajar siswa aspek psikomotor sedangkan aspek kognitif dan afektif tidak. </p>
Studi Komparasi Model Pembelajaran Problem Solving Secara Algoritmik dan Heuristik Ditinjau dari Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas XI MIPA pada Materi Hidrolisis SMA Negeri 4 Surakarta Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017
Authors: Kartika Elda Frediana Rety , Mulyani Bakti , VH Elfi Susanti 
Published: January 2020

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) pengaruh penggunaan model pembelajaran <em>Problem Solving</em> secara <em>algoritmik</em> dan <em>heuristik</em> terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada materi hidrolisis garam (2) pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada materi hidrolisis garam (3) interaksi model pembelajaran <em>Problem Solving</em> secara <em>algoritmik</em> dan <em>heuristik</em> dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada materi hidrolisis garam. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIPA 5 dan XI MIPA 7 SMA Negeri 4 Surakarta tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 yang diambil dengan teknik <em>cluster random sampling</em>. Analisis data prestasi aspek pengetahuan menggunakan analisis variansi (anava) dua jalan dengan faktor 2 2 dan frekuensi sel tak sama, sedangkan analisis data prestasi aspek sikap dan keterampilan menggunakan uji statistik non parametrik <em>Kruskal Wallis H</em>. Hasil penelitian memperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut: (1) terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran <em>Problem Solving </em>secara <em>algoritmik</em> dan <em>heuristik</em> terhadap prestasi belajar siswa aspek pengetahuan, tetapi tidak untuk aspek afektif dan ketrampilan (2) terdapat pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap prestasi belajar aspek kognitif dan ketrampilan, sedangkan pada aspek afektif tidak ada pengaruh kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada materi hidrolisis garam (3) Tidak ada interaksi antara model pembelajaran <em>Problem Solving</em> secara <em>algoritmik</em> dan <em>heuristik</em> dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis terhadap prestasi belajar aspek pengetahuan, sikap, maupun ketrampilan pada materi hidrolisis garam.</p>
Studi Eksplorasi Pelaksanaan Authentic Assessment pada Implementasi Kurikulum 2013 SMA Di Surakarta
Authors: Aurorana Aurorana , Mulyani Bakti , Utami Budi 
Published: January 2020

<p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan Penilaian Autentik dalam pembelajaran kimia pada beberapa sekolah yang telah menerapkan kurikulum 2013 di kota Surakarta. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif berupa <em>Exploratory Case Study Design</em>. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPA SMA di Surakarta tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilaksanakan berupa wawancara, observasi, dan analisa dokumen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa secara kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh hasil bahwa SMA A telah melaksanakan penilaian autentik berupa jurnal, tes tertulis, tes lisan, penugasan, praktek, proyek, dan produk dengan capaian berturut-turut 83,33%, 100,00%, 75,00%, 91,67%, 75,00%, 75,00%, dan 62,50%. SMA B telah melaksanakan penilaian autentik berupa jurnal, tes tertulis, penugasan, dan praktek dengan capaian berturut-turut 25,00%, 100,00%, 66,67%, dan 35,00%. SMA C telah melaksanakan penilaian autentik berupa jurnal, tes tertulis, tes lisan, penugasan, praktek, proyek, dan produk dengan capaian berturut-turut 66,67%, 100,00%, 25,00%, 66,67%, 75,00%, 70,00%, dan 62,50%.</p>