bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catheter pose-dependent virtual angioscopy images for endovascular aortic repair: validation with a video graphics array (VGA) camera
Authors: García-Vázquez Verónica , Matysiak Florian , Jäckle Sonja , Eixmann Tim , Sieren Malte Maria , von Haxthausen Felix , Ernst Floris 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Previous research reported catheter pose-dependent virtual angioscopy images for endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) (phantom studies) without any validation with video images. The goal of our study focused on conducting this validation using a video graphics array (VGA) camera. The spatial relationship between the coordinate system of the virtual camera and the VGA camera was computed with a Hand-Eye calibration so that both cameras produced similar images. A re-projection error of 3.18 pixels for the virtual camera and 2.14 pixels for the VGA camera was obtained with a designed three-dimensional (3D) printed chessboard. Similar images of the vessel (3D printed aorta) were acquired with both cameras except for the different depth. Virtual angioscopy images provide information from inside the vessel that may facilitate the understanding of the tip position of the endovascular tools while performing EVAR.
Cinemanography: fusing manometric and cinematographic data to facilitate diagnostics of dysphagia
Authors: Jell Alissa , Bernhard Lukas , Shah Dhaval , Feußner Hubertus 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Dysphagia, the difficulty in swallowing, is one of the most common and, at the same time, most heterogeneous symptom of the upper digestive tract. Due to its lifetime prevalence of about 5%, every 19th person is affected on average, especially with increasing age. Dysphagia occurs in both benign and malignant diseases of the esophagus and the oropharyngeal tract as well as in neuromuscular diseases. Even dysphagia caused by benign diseases can lead to significantly reduced quality of life.
The diagnostics of the actual underlying disease in patients with dysphagia is commonly conducted using a combination of endoscopy, esophageal manometry, functional assessments and radiologic means, e.g. X-ray-fluoroscopy. As these examinations are typically performed in sequential order, it remains to the physicians to combine the relevant information from each modality to form a conclusion. We argue that this is neither an intuitive, nor a standardized form of presenting the findings to the physician. To address this, we propose a novel approach for fusing time-synchronized manometric and X-ray data into a single view to provide a more comprehensive visualization method as a novel means for diagnosing dysphagia.
Frequency and average gray-level information for thermal ablation status in ultrasound B-Mode sequences
Authors: Ziegle Jens , Illanes Alfredo , Boese Axel , Friebe Michael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
During thermal ablation in a target tissue the information about temperature is crucial for decision making of successful therapy. An observable temporal and spatial temperature propagation would give a visual feedback of irreversible cell damage of the target tissue. Potential temperature features in ultrasound (US) B-Mode image sequences during radiofrequency (RF) ablation in ex-vivo porcine liver were found and analysed. These features could help to detect the transition between reversible and irreversible damage of the ablated target tissue. Experimental RF ablations of ex-vivo porcine liver were imaged with US B-Mode imaging and image sequences were recorded. Temperature was simultaneously measured within the liver tissue around a bipolar RF needle electrode. In the B-Mode images, regions of interest (ROIs) around the centre of the measurement spots were analysed in post-processing using average gray-level (AVGL) compared against temperature. The pole of maximum energy level in the time-frequency domain of the AVGL changes was investigated in relation to the measured temperatures. Frequency shifts of the pole were observed which could be related to transitions between the states of tissue damage.
Generalization of spatio-temporal deep learning for vision-based force estimation
Authors: Behrendt Finn , Gessert Nils , Schlaefer Alexander 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Robot-assisted minimally-invasive surgery is increasingly used in clinical practice. Force feedback offers potential to develop haptic feedback for surgery systems. Forces can be estimated in a vision-based way by capturing deformation observed in 2D-image sequences with deep learning models. Variations in tissue appearance and mechanical properties likely influence force estimation methods’ generalization. In this work, we study the generalization capabilities of different spatial and spatio-temporal deep learning methods across different tissue samples. We acquire several data-sets using a clinical laparoscope and use both purely spatial and also spatio-temporal deep learning models. The results of this work show that generalization across different tissues is challenging. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that using spatio-temporal data instead of individual frames is valuable for force estimation. In particular, processing spatial and temporal data separately by a combination of a ResNet and GRU architecture shows promising results with a mean absolute error of 15.450 compared to 19.744 mN of a purely spatial CNN.
VertiGo – a pilot project in nystagmus detection via webcam
Authors: Reinhardt Sophia , Schmidt Joshua , Leuschel Michael , Schüle Christiane , Schipper Jörg 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms in medicine. For differentiation of peripheral or central origin of the vertigo, history and clinical examination with detection of a nystagmus is essential. The aim of this study was to detect horizontal vestibular nystagmus utilizing a webcam. In the feasibility study, caloric induced vestibular nystagmus was recorded with conventional video-nystagmography and webcam. Analysis of recorded data was performed with a developed software which used computer vision techniques. A designed algorithm detected nystagmus existence and their direction. The software was evaluated by an expert-rated video-nystagmography. Webcam-based vestibular nystagmus detection is possible. Currently, a clinical application is not approved. Further software improvements are necessary to increase its accuracy.
Generation and dynamics of entangled fermion–photon–phonon states in nanocavities
Authors: Tokman Mikhail , Erukhimova Maria , Wang Yongrui , Chen Qianfan , Belyanin Alexey 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe develop the analytic theory describing the formation and evolution of entangled quantum states for a fermionic quantum emitter coupled simultaneously to a quantized electromagnetic field in a nanocavity and quantized phonon or mechanical vibrational modes. The theory is applicable to a broad range of cavity quantum optomechanics problems and emerging research on plasmonic nanocavities coupled to single molecules and other quantum emitters. The optimal conditions for a tripartite entanglement are realized near the parametric resonances in a coupled system. The model includes dissipation and decoherence effects due to coupling of the fermion, photon, and phonon subsystems to their dissipative reservoirs within the stochastic evolution approach, which is derived from the Heisenberg–Langevin formalism. Our theory provides analytic expressions for the time evolution of the quantum state and observables and the emission spectra. The limit of a classical acoustic pumping and the interplay between parametric and standard one-photon resonances are analyzed.
Wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM)-based integrated electronic–photonic switching network (EPSN) for high-speed data processing and transportation
Authors: Feng Chenghao , Ying Zhoufeng , Zhao Zheng , Gu Jiaqi , Pan David Z. , Chen Ray T. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Integrated photonics offers attractive solutions for realizing combinational logic for high-performance computing. The integrated photonic chips can be further optimized using multiplexing techniques such as wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM). In this paper, we propose a WDM-based electronic–photonic switching network (EPSN) to realize the functions of the binary decoder and the multiplexer, which are fundamental elements in microprocessors for data transportation and processing. We experimentally demonstrate its practicality by implementing a 3–8 (three inputs, eight outputs) switching network operating at 20 Gb/s. Detailed performance analysis and performance enhancement techniques are also given in this paper.
Monolithic metasurface spatial differentiator enabled by asymmetric photonic spin-orbit interactions
Authors: He Qiong , Zhang Fei , Pu MingBo , Ma XiaoLiang , Li Xiong , Jin JinJin , Guo YingHui , Luo XianGang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpatial differentiator is the key element for edge detection, which is indispensable in image processing, computer vision involving image recognition, image restoration, image compression, and so on. Spatial differentiators based on metasurfaces are simpler and more compact compared with traditional bulky optical analog differentiators. However, most of them still rely on complex optical systems, leading to the degraded compactness and efficiency of the edge detection systems. To further reduce the complexity of the edge detection system, a monolithic metasurface spatial differentiator is demonstrated based on asymmetric photonic spin-orbit interactions. Edge detection can be accomplished via such a monolithic metasurface using the polarization degree. Experimental results show that the designed monolithic spatial differentiator works in a broadband range. Moreover, 2D edge detection is experimentally demonstrated by the proposed monolithic metasurface. The proposed design can be applied at visible and near-infrared wavelengths by proper dielectric materials and designs. We envision this approach may find potential applications in optical analog computing on compact optical platforms.
A high-repetition rate attosecond light source for time-resolved coincidence spectroscopy
Authors: Mikaelsson Sara , Vogelsang Jan , Guo Chen , Sytcevich Ivan , Viotti Anne-Lise , Langer Fabian , Cheng Yu-Chen , Nandi Saikat , Jin Wenjie , Olofsson Anna , Weissenbilder Robin , Mauritsson Johan , L’Huillier Anne , Gisselbrecht Mathieu , Arnold Cord L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAttosecond pulses, produced through high-order harmonic generation in gases, have been successfully used for observing ultrafast, subfemtosecond electron dynamics in atoms, molecules and solid state systems. Today’s typical attosecond sources, however, are often impaired by their low repetition rate and the resulting insufficient statistics, especially when the number of detectable events per shot is limited. This is the case for experiments, where several reaction products must be detected in coincidence, and for surface science applications where space charge effects compromise spectral and spatial resolution. In this work, we present an attosecond light source operating at 200 kHz, which opens up the exploration of phenomena previously inaccessible to attosecond interferometric and spectroscopic techniques. Key to our approach is the combination of a high-repetition rate, few-cycle laser source, a specially designed gas target for efficient high harmonic generation, a passively and actively stabilized pump-probe interferometer and an advanced 3D photoelectron/ion momentum detector. While most experiments in the field of attosecond science so far have been performed with either single attosecond pulses or long trains of pulses, we explore the hitherto mostly overlooked intermediate regime with short trains consisting of only a few attosecond pulses. We also present the first coincidence measurement of single-photon double-ionization of helium with full angular resolution, using an attosecond source. This opens up for future studies of the dynamic evolution of strongly correlated electrons.
Comment on “On biological signaling” by G. Nimtz and H. Aichmann, Z. Naturforsch. 75a: 507–509, 2020
Authors: Jackson Andrew D. , Heimburg Thomas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In 2005, we proposed that the nerve pulse is an electromechanical soliton (T. Heimburg and A. D. Jackson. “On soliton propagation in biomembranes and nerves,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., vol. 102, pp. 9790–9795, 2005). This concept represents a challenge to the well-known electrochemical Hodgkin–Huxley model. The soliton theory was criticized by Nimtz and Aichmann in a recent article in Zeitung für Naturforschung A (G. Nimtz and H. Aichmann. “On biological signaling,” Z. Naturforsch. A, vol. 75, pp. 507–509, 2020). Here, we wish to comment on some statements that we regard as misinterpretations of our views.
Role of leptin in pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis, steatohepatitis and endothelial dysfunction in obesity: literature review
Authors: Miftakhova A. M. , Pestrenin L. D. , Gulyaeva I. L. 
Published: September 2020

According to the latest WHO data, in the world there are 2 billion adults and 381 million children and adolescents from 0 to 19 years old, who are overweight or obese. This is due to the presence of many factors affecting the occurrence and development of this disease. One of the important links in the pathogenesis of obesity is hyperleptinemia in combination with leptin resistance.
In this article, we attempted to summarize the information on the role of leptin in the pathogenesis of obesity complications such as liver steatosis, steatohepatitis and endothelial dysfunction. Parallels have been drawn between insulin resistance and leptin resistance. The relationship of leptin and insulin was analyzed, and data on the effect of these hormones on carbohydrate and fat metabolism are also presented.
Avaliação como Oportunidade de Aprendizagem em Aulas de Química: um Estudo de Caso
Authors: Souza Thamires da Silva , Trevisan André Luis , Mendes Marcele Tavares , Rocha Zenaide de Fátima Dante Correia 
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo é resultado de uma investigação a respeito da avaliação da aprendizagem no âmbito do ensino de Química, por meio de um estudo de caso. Mais especificamente, foi analisado o processo avaliativo de um professor que atua na disciplina de Química em um curso Técnico Integrado ao Ensino Médio de uma Instituição Federal de ensino. O estudo tinha como objetivos investigar, na prática do professor objeto de estudo, indícios de avaliação como oportunidade de aprendizagem e discutir possibilidades para utilização de instrumentos de avaliação nessa perspectiva. O estudo teve caráter qualitativo e contemplou observações de aulas, entrevista e acompanhamento em campo. Como principais resultados, apontamos indícios de avaliação como oportunidade de aprendizagem nas práticas avaliativas do professor, identificados a partir de três vertentes: concepções de avaliação, instrumentos utilizados e ações do professor.

Palavras-chave: Avaliação da Aprendizagem Escolar. Avaliação como Oportunidade de Aprendizagem. Ensino de Química.

Abstract
This article is the result of an investigation about the assessment of learning in the teaching of Chemistry, through a case study. More specifically, we analyzed the assessment process of a teacher who works in the discipline of Chemistry in an Integrated Technical High School course of a federal teaching institution. The objectives were to investigate, in the practice of the teacher object of study, evidence of assessment as an opportunity for learning and to discuss possibilities for the use of assessment tools in this perspective. The study had a qualitative character and contemplated observations of lessons, interview and follow up in the field. As main results, we point out evidence of assessment as an opportunity for learning in the evaluation practices of teachers, identified from three perspectives: teacher conceptions in relation to assessment, instruments used and teacher actions.

Keywords: Assessment of School Learning. Assessment as a Learning Opportunity. Chemistry Teaching.
Ensino Híbrido: uma Investigação das Percepções dos Egressos do Pronatec Quanto à Utilização de Disciplinas Semipresenciais
Authors: Nantes Eliza Adriana Sheuer , Ramos Nogueira Daniel , Alves Adriano Rosa 
Published: September 2020

Resumo
O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção que os egressos obtiveram, durante seus estudos, sobre as disciplinas semipresenciais (ensino híbrido) ofertadas nos cursos do PRONATEC em uma instituição de ensino privado localizada na região norte do Estado do Paraná. Realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, bibliográfica, documental e quanti-qualitativa, como técnica específica para obter as informações requeridas, utilizou-se um questionário composto por 19 questões sobre aspectos relacionados à qualidade dos materiais disponibilizados, sendo as vídeoaulas, os fóruns, os conteúdos web e, também observado como fora desenvolvido a mediação dos tutores a distância. Nesta pesquisa, que obteve 60 respostas, foi possível associar, através do método estatístico qui-quadrado, quais as características e percepções assimiladas pelos egressos dos cursos do PRONATEC para realizarem ou não a indicação dos cursos ao seu rol de contatos sociais, avaliando os indicadores quem compuseram os materiais disponibilizados. Os dados amostrais que indicaram evidências estatísticas, nas quais os conceitos atribuídos pelos alunos que estavam associados à indicação ou não dos cursos do PRONATEC foram: webaula, vídeoaulas e a mediação dos tutores, todos estes menores que o valor de significância (valor-p 0,05). Por fim, ficou compreendido que o avanço tecnológico veio para auxiliar o homem na execução de suas atividades, mas, se ele não possuir a capacitação e competências necessárias para a utilização destas ferramentas, poderá sentir-se deslocado dos processos e métodos propostos, e isso é válido também para os métodos de aprendizagem e as ferramentas disponíveis aos discentes.

Palavras-chave: Disciplinas Semipresenciais. Ensino Profissionalizante. Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem. Competências Digitais.
A Contemporaneidade da Educação em Saúde
Authors: Costa Borges Suellem Luzia , Ferreira Eduardo de 
Published: September 2020

Faz-se necessário refletir as práticas de educação em saúde e o papel do profissional que a executa de forma responsável. São considerados diversas variáveis que influenciam na sistemática do desenvolvimento da mesma, como as metodologias empregadas pelo educador, o conhecimento deste a respeito do seu público alvo e das necessidades que os mesmos possuem, assim como a influência do acesso ao serviço de saúde para a eficácia da educação em saúde. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, analítico, retrospectivo, caracterizado como revisão sistemática. Desenvolver a educação em saúde com eficácia demanda diversos conhecimentos, além de planejar os propósitos envolvidos. O público alvo, as necessidades reais e os indicadores epidemiológicos e demográficos complementam o hall de variáveis importantes para a concretização do processo. Deve-se, ainda, ponderar as características desta comunidade envolvida, desvendando o conhecimento prévio e de educação básica afim de não subjulgar tampouco supervalorizar aquilo que se acredita como verdade. Conclui-se que a noção de territorialidade, didática, compreensão dos princípios da atenção primária e formação de vínculos são essenciais para que a conquista do tema possa acontecer, além do envolvimento do profissional que está à frente desta comunidade.

Palavras-chave: Aprendizagem. Pessoal da Saúde. Saúde da Família.

Abstract
It is necessary to reflect the health education practices and the role of the professional who performs it responsibly. Several variables are considered that influence the educator’s systematic development, such as the methodologies employed by the educator, his or her knowledge of his or her target audience and of the needs they have, as well as the influence of health service access on the health education effectiveness. This is a descriptive, analytical, retrospective study characterized as a systematic review. To develop health education effectively requires several types of knowledge, in addition to planning the purposes involved. The target audience, the real needs and the epidemiological and demographic indicators complement the hall of variables that are important for the process implementation. It is also necessary to consider the characteristics of this community involved, revealing the prior knowledge and basic education in order not to underjudge or overvalue what is believed to be true. It is concluded that the notion of territoriality, didactics, understanding of the primary care principles and bonds formation are essential for the conquest of the theme to happen, in addition to the professional involvement who is at the head of this community

Keywords: Learning. Health Personnel. Family Health.
Influence of Remineralizing Agents on the Surface Roughness of Eroded Dental Enamel: in Vitro Study
Authors: Lepri Cesar Penazzo , Macedo Rayssa Prado , Marra Vanessa Ferreira , Paiva Gabriella Rodovalho , Castro Denise Tornavoi de , Martins Vinicius Rangel Geraldo , Faraoni Juliana Jendiroba , Oliveira Maria Angélica Hueb De Menezes , Palma-Dibb Regina Guenka , Misiara Janisse Martinelli de Oliveira 
Published: September 2020

The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of remineralizing agents on the surface roughness of eroded tooth enamel. Forty incisive bovines were selected and sectioned to obtain specimens of 4mm X 4mm, resulting in a surface area of 16,00mm², with a thickness of 2.50mm. The specimens were immersed in lemon juice, twice a day, over 5 days, and randomly divided into the following 4 groups: G1 = No treatment; G2 = 1.23% APF; G3 = Fluoride Varnish 5% and G4 = Regenerated. The surface roughness of the specimens was analyzed by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy. The obtained data were submitted to ANOVA after attend the homogeneity (Levene´s) and normality tests (Kolmogorov-Smirnov). All tests were statistically significant at 5% (α=0.05). The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference on the enamel roughness surface area between groups in the experimental region and the founded values were higher at the experimental when compared to the control region, however, without differences between the groups in each region. It was concluded that the remineralizing agents were not able to reduce the surface roughness of the studied groups. Keywords: Tooth Erosion. Dental Enamel. Fluorine. Tooth Remineralization. Resumo O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar a influência de agentes remineralizantes na rugosidade da superficial do esmalte dental erodido. Quarenta bovinos incisivos foram selecionados e seccionados para obter espécimes de 4 mm x 4 mm, resultando em uma área superficial de 16,00 mm², com espessura de 2,50 mm. As amostras foram imersas em suco de limão, duas vezes ao dia, durante 5 dias, e divididas aleatoriamente nos 4 grupos seguintes: G1 = Sem tratamento; G2 = Flúor gel 1,23%; G3 = Verniz fluoretado 5% e G4 =Regenerate. A rugosidade superficial das amostras foi analisada por microscopia confocal de varredura a laser. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à ANOVA após os testes de homogeneidade (Levene) e normalidade (Kolmogorov-Smirnov). Todos os testes foram estatisticamente significantes a 5% (α = 0,05). Os resultados mostraram que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante na rugosidade de área do esmalte entre os grupos na região experimental e os valores encontrados foram maiores na experimental quando comparados à região controle, no entanto, sem diferenças entre os grupos em cada região. Concluiu-se que os remineralizantes não foram capazes de reduzir a rugosidade da superfície dos grupos estudados. Palavras-chave: Erosão Dentária. Esmalte dentário. Flúor. Remineralização Dentária.