bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Smart Life Stay (SLS) program: effects of a lifestyle intervention program in combination with health tourism and health guidance for type 2 diabetes
Authors: Matsushita Madoka , Muramoto Akiko , Nomura Eri , Eguchi Yukari , Kato Ayako , Sano Yoshiko , Kabayama Mai , Arakawa Masashi , Oguma Yuko , Yabe Daisuke , Matsunaga Masaaki , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Arima Hiroshi , Tsushita Kazuyo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Smart Life Stay (SLS) program, which is an experience-oriented stayover program, in combination with health tourism and mandatory health guidance on glucose metabolism after 2 years.

Methods
The participants of the SLS program (n = 792) were recruited from a database of 23 medical insurers. They underwent a mandatory health examination termed Specific Health Checkups in 2014. The participants were included if they had diabetes or were at a high risk of diabetes and if they satisfied the following inclusion criteria: (1) body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) > 25, or (2) waist circumference (WC; cm) > 85 for men and > 90 for women, or (3) hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; %) > 5.6, or (4) fasting plasma glucose (FPG; mg/dl) > 100. Individuals who corresponded to one or more items were included as study participants. The control subjects (n = 3645) were nonparticipants of the program who were selected from the database and met the inclusion criteria. The lifestyle changes and changes in mean BMI, WC, FPG, and HbA1c in both groups from baseline to 2-year follow-up were compared by inverse probability weighting of a propensity score.

Results
The percentage of people who exercised regularly increased significantly in the SLS group compared with the control group. In the SLS group, BW, BMI, and WC significantly decreased by 1.75 kg, 0.60 kg/m2, and 1.45 cm, respectively, whereas in the control group, WC, FPG, and HbA1c increased significantly by 0.38 cm, 3.37 mg/dl, and 0.12%, respectively. The comparison between groups revealed that the BW, BMI, WC, FPG, and HbA1c improved significantly in the SLS group.

Conclusions
The SLS program is suggested to help improve glucose metabolism. This program could be a feasible option as a lifestyle intervention program for diabetes.
Squalene synthase promotes the invasion of lung cancer cells via the osteopontin/ERK pathway
Authors: Yang Yi-Fang , Chang Yu-Chan , Jan Yi-Hua , Yang Chih-Jen , Huang Ming-Shyan , Hsiao Michael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCholesterol is the major component of lipid rafts. Squalene synthase (SQS) is a cholesterol biosynthase that functions in cholesterol biosynthesis, modulates the formation of lipids rafts and promotes lung cancer metastasis. In this study, we investigated the lipid raft-associated pathway of SQS in lung cancer. Gene expression microarray data revealed the upregulation of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1; also known as osteopontin, OPN) in CL1-0/SQS-overexpressing cells. Knockdown of OPN in SQS-overexpressing cells inhibits their migration and invasion, whereas an OPN treatment rescues the migration and invasion of SQS knockdown cells. High OPN expression is associated with lymph node status, advanced stage and poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer. Moreover, patients with high SQS expression and high OPN expression show poor survival compared with patients with low SQS expression and low OPN expression. SQS induces the phosphorylation of Src and ERK1/2 via OPN, resulting in increased expression of MMP1 and subsequent metastasis of lung cancer cells. Based on our findings, SQS expression increases the expression of OPN and phosphorylation of Src through cholesterol synthesis to modulate the formation of lipid rafts. SQS may represent a therapeutic strategy for lung cancer.
Contribution of polar plumes to fast solar wind
Authors: Zangrilli L. , Giordano S. M. 
Published: September 2020

Context. Several physical properties of solar polar plumes have been identified by different published studies, however such studies are rare and sometimes in disagreement.
Aims. The purpose of the present work is to analyze a set of SOHO/UVCS data dedicated to the observation of plumes and to obtain a picture of the physical properties of plumes in the intermediate solar corona through a self-consistent analysis.
Methods. We applied the Doppler Dimming technique to data acquired by SOHO/UVCS in April 1996, which was during the very early phases of the mission. From this we derived outflow speeds and electron densities. We used SOHO/LASCO images as context data in order to better identify plume and interplume regions in the UVCS field of view.
Results. The results we obtain demonstrate that in three cases out of four plumes expand with outflow speeds comparable to those of interplumes, and in a single case with lower speeds. We estimate that the contribution of plumes to the wind coming from the solar poles is about 20%, and that different plumes provide a different contribution, possibly according to different stages of their evolution.
Conclusions. We conclude that plumes are not static structures, and that they contribute significantly to the wind coming from the solar poles.
Accuracy of view factor calculations for digital terrain models of comets and asteroids
Authors: Rezac L. , Zhao Y. 
Published: August 2020

Context. Detailed shape and topographic models coupled with sophisticated thermal physics are critical elements to proper characterization of surfaces of small bodies in our solar system. Calculations of self-heating effects are especially important in the context of thermal evolution of non-convex surfaces, including craters, cracks, or openings between “rocks”.
Aims. Our aim is to provide quantitative comparisons of multiple numerical methods for computing view factors for concave geometries and provide a more rigorous criteria for the validity of their application.
Methods. We contrasted five methods of estimating the view factors. First, we studied specific geometries, including shared-edge facets for a reduced two-facet problem. Then, we applied these methods to the shape model of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Nevertheless, the presented results are general and could be extended to shape models of other bodies as well.
Results. The close loop transformation of the double area integration method for evaluating view factors of nearby or shared-edge facets is the most accurate, although computationally expensive. Two methods of facet subdivision we evaluate in this work provide reasonably accurate results for modest facet subdivision numbers, however, may result in a degraded performance for specific facet geometries. Increasing the number of subdivisions improves their accuracy, but also increases their computational burden. In practical applications, a trade-off between accuracy and computational speed has to be found, therefore, we propose a combined method based on a simple metric that incorporates a conditional application of various methods and an adaptive number of subdivisions. In our study case of a pit on 67P/CG, this method can reach average accuracy of 2–3% while being about an order of magnitude faster than the (most accurate) line integral method.
Four microlensing planets with faint-source stars identified in the 2016 and 2017 season data
Authors: Han Cheongho , Udalski Andrzej , Kim Doeon , Jung Youn Kil , Ryu Yoon-Hyun ,   The KMTNet Collaboration, Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Gould Andrew , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Lee Chung-Uk , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Kim Chun-Hwey , Kim Woong-Tae ,   The OGLE Collaboration, Mróz Przemek , Szymański Michał K. , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radek , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Rybicki Krzysztof A. , Iwanek Patryk , Wrona Marcin 
Published: August 2020

Aims. Microlensing planets occurring on faint-source stars can escape detection due to their weak signals. Occasionally, detections of such planets are not reported due to the difficulty of extracting high-profile scientific issues on the detected planets.
Methods. For the solid demographic census of microlensing planetary systems based on a complete sample, we investigate the microlensing data obtained in the 2016 and 2017 seasons to search for planetary signals in faint-source lensing events. From this investigation, we find four unpublished microlensing planets: KMT-2016-BLG-2364Lb, KMT-2016-BLG-2397Lb, OGLE-2017-BLG-0604Lb, and OGLE-2017-BLG-1375Lb.
Results. We analyze the observed lensing light curves and determine their lensing parameters. From Bayesian analyses conducted with the constraints from the measured parameters, it is found that the masses of the hosts and planets are in the ranges 0.50 ≲ Mhost∕M⊙≲ 0.85 and 0.5 ≲ Mp∕MJ ≲ 13.2, respectively, indicating that all planets are giant planets around host stars with subsolar masses. The lenses are located in the distance range of 3.8 ≲ DL∕kpc ≲ 6.4. It is found that the lenses of OGLE-2017-BLG-0604 and OGLE-2017-BLG-1375 are likely to be in the Galactic disk.
„Sämmtlich sind sie aber beissend und blähend…“
Authors: Niedenthal Tobias 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungGemüsepflanzen, die reich an schwefelhaltigen Verbindungen sind, werden schon seit Jahrtausenden auch medizinisch genutzt. Einige davon sind heute noch anerkannte Arzneipflanzen. Die flüchtigen Öle aus verschiedenen Laucharten sowie Kreuzblütlern und Kapuzinerkressen besitzen ein noch weitgehend unerschlossenes antimikrobielles und antivirales Potenzial.
OCT Angiographic Findings in Retinal Angiomatous Proliferation
Authors: Heine Felix , Schick Jona F. , Lang Gabriele E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground OCT angiography (OCT-A) allows non-invasive blood flow registration of the retina and choroid. In contrast to fluorescein angiography (FA), no dye has to be administered. The OCT-A also provides depth-selective information. OCT-A and FA were compared in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) stage 1. In stage 1, the neovascularizations are intraretinal. In contrast to the two-dimensional total image of the FA, the OCT-A allows a depth-selective display of the individual retinal layers. In this way, a conclusion can be drawn about the place of origin of the RAP.Patients and Methods Three patients with neovascular AMD and RAP stage 1 were included. They were examined with OCT (ZEISS CIRRUS HD-OCT 5000, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, USA), OCT-A (ZEISS AngioPlex OCT-Angiography) as well as FA (HRA2, Heidelberg Engineering) between January 2016 and March 2019. A complete ophthalmological examination was performed. A qualitative analysis of the OCT-A images (3 × 3 and 6 × 6 mm) and the FA images was carried out. Leaks in the FA were compared with the en-face images of the OCT-A followed by a depth-selective assignment using the corresponding B-scans of the OCT-A.Results It was one woman and two men aged 66 – 89 years. The visual acuity was 0.4 in the first, 0.5 p in the second and 0.8 in the third patient. The diagnosis of RAP stage 1 could be made both in the OCT, the FA and the OCT-A. All patients showed macular edema in the OCT. The FA showed selective hyperfluorescence in the early phase and fluorescein extravasation in the late phase. In OCT-A, the blood flow in all patients could be shown in the hyperreflective structure of the RAP in the B-scan. The first patient showed two RAP lesions in the FA, which were in the deep vascular plexus in the OCT-A. In the second patient, three RAP lesions were found in the FA, and a total of five RAP lesions in the OCT-A. One could be located in the superficial and deep vascular plexus, four in the deep vascular plexus. The third patient showed one RAP lesion in the FA as well as in the OCT-A, which could be assigned to the superficial vascular plexus.Conclusion The OCT-A is well suited for the diagnosis of RAP stage 1. In the present cases, the diagnosis in the OCT-A could be made as clearly as by FA. A major advantage of the OCT-A results from the non-invasive character and the depth selectivity. The RAP 1 lesions could be assigned to both the superficial and the deep vascular plexus. Depth selection is not possible with the FA due to the summary picture.
HA Filler Injection and Skin Quality–Literature Minireview and Injection Techniques
Authors: Peng Jui-Hui , Peng Peter Hsien-Li 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAging of the face produces many changes in the structure and integrity of the skin and other anatomical aspects, the three major signs of which are volume loss, sagginess, and skin quality change. Through surgical or nonsurgical procedures, it is possible to slow or even reverse these mechanisms through artificial means, including thread lifting, radiofrequency, or filler injection. Filler injections are particularly popular in recent years, owing to their convenience, efficacy, and long-lasting results. In this minireview, the author outlines the basic mechanisms behind facial aging, discusses current literature on each aspect of facial aging, and offers injection protocol recommendations based on past literature and clinical experience.
The Facial Shapes in Planning the Treatment with Injectable Fillers
Authors: Braz André , Eduardo Camila Cazerta de Paula 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction The facial beauty is not easy to define, yet it is paramount to assess the needs of each patient to propose an appropriate treatment plan that will provide beautification or rejuvenation in a natural-looking fashion.One of the beauty aspects easily recognized is the face shape, which can give a perception of age, gender, and attractiveness, and reflects the facial anatomical structure. Because addressing the structure of the face is the basis for the aesthetic approach with dermal fillers, we find the identification of the patient’s face shape to be a very good starting point in the facial assessment.
Objective To discuss important aspects of facial beauty, the characteristics of the different facial shapes (oval, heart, round, and angular), and a method of planning the aesthetic treatment with injectable fillers based on the strengths and weaknesses of each morphology of the face, that is called the AB face technique.
Methods In this study, we describe seven clinical cases: two cases each of oval, heart, and round, and one case of angular shape.
Results The evaluation of the face shape can help us define the priorities of the aesthetic approach, determining the areas that need to be restored in the aging face, as well as which areas could be enhanced in the younger patient.
Conclusion This approach can be helpful in proposing the aesthetic treatment plan with injectable fillers to provide beautification, rejuvenation, and enhancement of the facial structure, which may benefit facial contours through aging.
Breaking Down Silos: Collaboration in Head and Neck Reconstruction Research
Authors: Silva Amanda K. , Rodriguez Eduardo D. , Jacobson Adam S. , Levine Jamie P. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Collaboration has been shown to be beneficial when we have complex problems and highly specialized groups, such as in head and neck reconstruction. Otolaryngology, plastic surgery, and oral maxillofacial surgeons perform head and neck reconstruction research. While the specialties represent unique backgrounds, the degree of interdisciplinary collaboration and subtopic focus is unknown. We sought to describe the frequency of interinstitutional interdisciplinary collaboration and examine the association of specialty with research subtopics.
Methods Oral presentations from 2014 to 2018 focused on head and neck reconstruction or associated principles at the main reconstructive academic meetings in otolaryngology (American Head and Neck Society), plastic surgery (American Society for Reconstructive Microsurgery), and oral maxillofacial surgery (American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons) were reviewed. Author specialty and institution data were recorded. All abstracts were assigned a research subtopic, chosen based on identified themes. Subtopic frequencies among the specialties were compared.
Results Thirteen of 88 (15%) US institutions participate in interdisciplinary collaboration in head and neck reconstruction research. Of the remaining institutions, 23 (31%) have researchers performing parallel work and not collaborating. Certain research subtopics were more often presented by each specialty, representing differing interests.
Conclusion Collaboration among head and neck reconstruction research at the US institutions is low compared with the potential. Specialties focus on different research subtopics, and therefore can benefit from working together.
Characterization of Cornstalk and Bituminous Coal Based on Kinetic and Thermodynamic Parameter for Co-pyrolysis
Authors: He Yuyuan , Qu Yang , Liu Qiong , Li Pan , Fang Shuqi , Chen Junying , Chang Chun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The pyrolysis characteristic of bituminous coal (BC) and raw cornstalk (RC) were investigated through thermogravimetric analysis from environment temperature to 900 °C with 5, 15 and 25 °C/min. The distributed activation energy model (DAEM) was applied to estimate the kinetic parameters of samples. The average activation energy (E
a) of BC, RC and the blended sample (mBC/mRC=6/4) were 304.56, 207.77 and 226.26 kJ/mol, respectively. The heat energies of the experiment to be needed was lower than that of calculation during co-pyrolysis, comparing with the theoretical calculation E
a. To further researcher the thermal behavior during co-pyrolysis, the closeness of change in Enthalpy (ΔH) values vs. E
a values for the blend indicated that activated complex formation may be favored because of lower potential energy barrier. Moreover, Gibbs free energy (ΔG) for the blend varied from 108.40 to 275.93 kJ/mol, the pyrolysis process was converted to disordered-state from ordered-state, considering the changes of Entropies (ΔS) loss.
Quantitative Risk Assessment and Evolution Trajectory of China’s Iron Ore Resource
Authors: Deng Lizheng , Yuan Hongyong , Chen Jianguo , Zhou Yuli , Yin Wenwen , Yan Shuan , Yu Miaomiao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The resource security system is a complex system. Strategic mineral resource is of great importance to national security and economic development. Iron ore is one of the 24 strategic mineral resource determined by the Chinese government. Based on the broad connotation of resource security, we put forward the risk assessment model of resource security named 3E (Enduring, Economic, Environmental) model and establish a complete risk assessment index system for iron ore. In this paper, the entropy method is used to determine the weight of each index, we evaluate the comprehensive risk of iron ore from 2000 to 2016, and analyse the results of risk assessment in detail. The results show that the supply risk is on the rise, which has the greatest impact on the comprehensive risk. Moreover, the fluctuation of economic risk is more stable, and the environmental risk is decreasing. The comprehensive risk index of China’s iron ore increased firstly and then declined. From 2000 to 2007, it was a relatively low-risk period; from 2008 to 2010, the risk was increased; 2011-2013 was a high-risk period; and 2014 to 2016, there was a reduction in risk. In order to effectively control the risk of iron ore, this paper puts forward some suggestions from several aspects.
Validation Study on the Tiny-Oil Ignition Technology with Pure Oxygen for Combustion-Supporting in a 670 MWe Utility Lean Coal-Fired Boiler
Authors: Fang Fan , Wu Qinglong , Yan Wanjun , Zhang Wei , Zhou Hongguang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Because of high ignition temperature of low-volatile coal, it brings great difficulties to apply the tiny-oil ignition technology in the fire-up process of a low-volatile coal-fired boiler. To save oil consumed, the tiny-oil ignition technology with pure oxygen for combustion-supporting was developed and was applied in a 670 MWe utility lean coal-fired boiler. This paper focused on the practical application of the technology. The test results indicated that the lean coal was ignited successfully, with flame temperatures nearly 300°C increasing and the carbon contents of fly ash 10∼20% (absolute value) decreasing due to feeding small amount of pure oxygen into a tiny-oil ignition burner. Using the tiny-oil ignition technology with pure oxygen for combustion-supporting could be beneficial to saving about 80% fuel oil in the fire-up process, which demonstrated excellent practical results of the technology.
Numerical Study of Solar Hydrogen Production System for Rural Areas Employing TRNSYS
Authors: Sun Zhipeng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this study, solar heating water system and hydrogen production were modeled and simulated by using System Simulation Software TRNSYS. What’s more the system was optimized by TRNSYS/GenOpt. The electricity grid was the auxiliary electrical energy for the system. Hot water was generated by solar collector and then transported to a hold-up vessel with supplementary heat source. Photovoltaic (PV) panels generated electricity which was used to product hydrogen by electrolyzing water. Alkaline Fuel Cell used the hydrogen to generate electrical energy for the supplementary heating source of hold-up vessel. The systems for north-China rural areas in Hebei Province were designed and the hourly system operating characteristic using the optimum volume of vessel was investigated. According to the experimental hot water load of one farmhouse, the hourly and annual electrolytic hydrogen volume, the hourly electrical energy generated by photovoltaic panels, the energy conversion characteristic of the system, the hourly pressure in the storage tank of hydrogen were studied by TRNSYS. According to the simulation results, the most covering rate of solar energy varied from 20% appearing in January to 80% appearing in August.
Energy Efficiency Evaluation of Distribution Network Considering Power Quality Conditions
Authors: Jiang Limin , Huang Wei , Sun Beibei , Meng Junxia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
There are three-phase imbalance, voltage deviation, frequency fluctuation and other power quality problems in the traditional AC distribution network, which are difficult to meet the demand of power users for high power quality. The AC-DC hybrid distribution network is superior to the AC distribution system in terms of reducing power loss and improving power supply quality. Based on the research status of energy-saving indexes of distribution network, considering the characteristics of AC-DC hybrid distribution network, this paper analyzes the factors that affect the energy efficiency level of AC-DC hybrid distribution system, constructs the evaluation index system, determines the classification evaluation standards of different indexes according to the relevant standards, and puts forward the quantitative evaluation method of the energy efficiency level of AC-DC hybrid distribution network.
Operation of Solar-Storage-Hydrogen-Charging System by Value Stream Analysis
Authors: Li Xiaoen , Lu Ting 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The topology of the clean energy system is a flexible structure with PV, wind power, hydrogen storage, battery storage. Thus, the construction and operation of the clean energy system should pay more attention to the temporal and spatial variations. This paper discussed a solar-storage-hydrogen-charging demonstration to accommodate the diverse temporal and spatial features of the clean energy system. The present study developed a Modelica library to support the cooperative control of this clean energy system based on value stream analysis. The result shows that the sold electricity profit of the electric storage system can reach 2.3 times than the electricity purchase cost. Though the hydrogen charging demand in the demonstration is small compared with the electric load demand, the hydrogen charging profit can be 1.7 times of the energy cost.