bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Care taker’s compliance and Associated factors in integrated management of newborn and childhood illness with respect to antibiotics treatment in Enebise Sarmidir woreda, West Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemirew dahibo , Zeru Taye 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background:-The Integrated Management of Newborn and Childhood Illness strategy encompasses a range of interventions to prevent and manage the major childhood illness, both in health facilities and in the home. Information on actual compliance of care takers in integrated management of newborn and childhood illness is important for program planners, policy makers, health care providers and care takers to design appropriate local and national intervention plan, to increase community participation and to improve knowledge of care takers. Based on our knowledge there are limited studies regarding to care takers compliance towards integrated management of new born and childhood illness in the study area. Therefore the result of this study used for design appropriate intervention.Objective: - The objective of this study was to assess the care takers compliance and associated factors in integrated management of newborn and childhood illness with respect to counseling.Methods:-Community based cross-sectional study was conducted. The study populations were all care takers of under-five children who attended integrated management of newborn and childhood illness clinic at health center. A total of 394 respondents were randomly selected by using systematic random sampling method from the seven health centers. Information on the care takers compliance was collected using structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Data entry and analysis were conducting using Statistical Package for Social Science version 16. Significance of the study was presented by using adjust odd ratio, confidence interval and p value. The result was presented in texts, tables and graphs.Result:-Three hundred seventy three care takers with under-five year children were voluntary to be interviewed, making the response rate 94.7 %. The findings of this study showed that 144(39%) were compliance to antibiotic treatment and 102(27.3%) were compliance to counseling. Compliance to counseling was significantly associated with age categories between 25-34 year with (AOR=2.118, 95% CI: 1.042, 4.305), post-secondary education with (AOR=2.959, 95% CI: 1.354, 6.463), knowledge with (AOR= 2.574, 95% CI: 1.482, 4.469), trust on health workers with (AOR= 2.781, 95% CI: 1.344, 5.752) and distance with (AOR= 2.214, 95% CI: 1.254, 3.91).Conclusion: The finding of this study revealed that the high rates of noncompliance with antibiotic treatment were identified. Therefore, implementation of integrated management of childhood illness activities at all levels should be strengthened and need to improve the social status of care takers in order to reduce child hood morbidity and mortality.
Comprehensive Rehabilitation Program Versus Traditional Chest Physiotherapy for Weaning from Mechanical Ventilator ; randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mehani Sherin H. M. , ELmoutaz Hatem , Rahmy Awny F. , Eldin Ahmed M. S. Nour , Fouad Ahmed Z. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Patients needing prolonged mechanical ventilation have poor outcomes and are increasing in number. Weakness of inspiratory muscles is a well- established complication of prolonged mechanical ventilator , however the role of physical therapist has been expanded towards rehabilitation rather than inspiratory care only. The purpose of this study was to compare between comprehensive rehabilitation program and traditional chest physiotherapy on weaning from mechanical ventilation, improvement of respiratory muscle strength, peripheral muscle strength and functional status.Methods Fifty mechanically ventilated general surgery patients from both sexes (men & women) with age from 40 to 50 years old participated in the present randomized clinical trial. They had difficult and prolonged weaning. They were divided randomly into two groups , group(A) consisted of twenty four patients who received comprehensive rehabilitation program combined with inspiratory muscle training and group(B) consisted of twenty six patients who received traditional chest physical therapy combined with inspiratory muscle training. Four patients in the study group and six subjects in the control group died during the intervention period and thus their data were excluded from the final analysis. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), peripheral muscle strength and Functional independence measure questionnaire were measured at the beginning of the study and at weaning from mechanical ventilator.ResultsResults revealed that there was a significant improvement in days to wean and peripheral muscle strength in difficult and prolonged weaning patients in group A compared with group B. There was a significant improvement in maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) in both groups. In addition, there was a significant increase in the median values of functional independence measures in group A more than group B.ConclusionsBoth physical therapy programs inspiratory muscle training and comprehensive rehabilitation and inspiratory muscle training and traditional chest physical therapy showed an increase in inspiratory muscle strength. On the other hand comprehensive program consisted of peripheral muscle training and functional training was more superior in decreasing days to wean and increasing peripheral muscle strength and functional independence measure score. The trial was prospectively registered at Clinicaltrials.gov ; Identifier: NCT04021615 ; date : 13-7-2019
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Self-Reported Cognitive Functioning: Associations of Diverse Measures of Stress across the FMR1 CGG Repeat Range
Authors: Maltman Nell , DaWalt Leann Smith , Hong Jinkuk , Baker Mei Wang , Berry-Kravis Elizabeth M , Brilliant Murray H. , Mailick Marsha 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : The FMR1 gene is essential for neural development and healthy synaptic function. The modal number of CGG repeats in FMR1 is 30, but the range is large with the reported copy number extending down to as few as 6 CGGs and up to over 200 CGGs, conferring fragile X syndrome. Prior work suggests that behavioral phenotypes, including cognitive function, may vary along the continuum of the FMR1 CGG repeat range. Stress may negatively influence cognitive function; however, it is not known whether FMR1 -related variability (i.e., CGG repeat length), in addition to stress, independently influences cognitive function across the CGG range. Methods : Participants included 1275 mothers who had CGGs ranging from 18 to 123 repeats. Participants completed self-report measures of executive function (BRIEF-A), memory, subjective stress (i.e., perceived stress), and objective stress (i.e., number of life events, parenting a child with a disability). Stress and FMR1 -related variability (i.e., CGG repeat length) were examined as predictors of self-reported executive function and memory difficulty. Results : Each measure of stress (i.e., perceived stress, life events, and parenting a child with a disability) significantly predicted greater self-reported difficulties in executive function and the likelihood of memory problems, net of age and level of education. Additionally, above and beyond stress effects, CGG repeat number significantly predicted executive functioning and memory difficulties. There was a linear association of CGG repeat number with executive functioning limitations. The association of CGGs with memory difficulties was curvilinear, with participants in the premutation range having the greatest likelihood of reporting such difficulties. Conclusions : These findings suggest that CGG repeat length confers independent contributions to self-reported executive function difficulty and memory problems over and above indices of stress, suggesting additive effects of genetic variation and environmental exposure. Keywords : Stress, Cognitive Function, Executive Function, Memory, FMR1 , CGG Repeats
Integrated analysis of miRNA-mediated ceRNA networks in ovine skeletal muscle development
Authors: Shi Tianpei , WANG Xinyue , ZHAO Zhida , HU Wenping , ZHANG Li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The embryo stage is a key period for sheep skeletal muscle growth and development. Proliferation, differentiation, and hypertrophy of fibers affect muscle growth potential directly. Analyzing transcriptome data is of great significance for revealing important time nodes of fetus muscle development and screening related regulation factors. Muscle development is a complex biological process, including a intricate network of multiple factor interactions. Among them, non-coding RNA, especially miRNA-mediated regulation, plays a fine regulatory role. The purpose of this study was to investigate the important genes and transcripts involved in the genetic mechanism of embryos skeletal muscle development in late pregnancy. Results: Herein we did a small RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq) of embryo at 85 days (D85N), 105 days (D105N) and 135 days(D135N), then performed bioinformatic analysis in order to identify the miRNA-mediated co-expression networks. Our findings identified 505 DE-miRNAs. Integrating the current miRNA data and the previously obtained lncRNA data, multiple networks were constructed, including miRNA-mRNA, miRNA-target gene(TG)-pathway, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA, and miRNA-TG-transcription factor (TF) network. The results showed that the miRNA-mRNA network and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network identified three important lncRNAs (MSTRG.3533, MSTRG.4324, and MSTRG.1470) and three miRNAs(miR-493-3p, miR-3959-3p and miR-410-5p). The four genes ( TEAD1 , ZBTB34 , GSK3B, and POGLUT1 ) and three transcription factors (C / EBPbeta, TFIID, and PR B) play a key regulatory role in the miRNA-TG-TF network. Notably, a similar trend of gene expression was reported by RT-qPCR for RNA-seq data. Conclusions: This study identified three miRNAs, three lncRNAs, four genes, and three transcription factors, and revealed their crucial role in fetal fibrogenesis and lipid metabolism. It also shows that D105N is a pivotal turning point from myotube differentiation to fiber hypertrophy. These findings provide valuable references for network interaction patterns, which helps to evaluate the biological significance of skeletal muscle in the late development stage.
Comprehensive developments in deaf children aged 6 months to 6 years
Authors: Li Yanhong , Zhang Wanxia , Yang Yang , Liu Bing , Chen Min , Liu Wei , Li Bei , Zhou Yi , Liu Shanshan , Wang Xiaoxu , Li Shilan , Zhang Jie , Ni Xin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background. In the early stages of life, auditory input and communication are essential for acquisition of speech, cognition, behavior and social development. While so far the development evaluation of deaf children has not been given much attention. This study was design to evaluate the comprehensive developments of young children with severe or profound hearing loss and explore the effect of age on developments. Methods. 500 children with severe or profound hearing loss (287 boys, 26.00±18.89 months, range 6-72 months) were recruited in this study. The developments of children were assessed by Gesell development schedules. All the children were divided into three groups according to age: infancy (6-12months), toddler (12-36months) and preschool (36-72months). Developments were evaluated and compared among the different age group. Results: Compared with the normal developmental criteria, deaf children had overall development delay and only 50 (10%) reached the normal developmental level. The delay occurred in full-dimensional developments including gross motor, fine motor, adaptability, language, and social skill, the normal developmental rates of which were 42.0%, 24.8%, 27.4%, 4.2%, and 14.0%, respectively. For the five aspects developments, Pearson’s correlation showed that they were statistically significant correlated with each other (all p<0.001). Then, the developments among the different age group were compared and found that developments got worse with age (p<0.001). Apart from age, the results of multiple regression reveled that behavior audiology with hearing aids was negative correlated with the developments (p<0.05). Conclusions. Deaf children could have overall developmental delay. Language development was the worst, followed by social skills and adaptability, and gross motor development, followed by fine motor, was the best. The older the deaf children, the more obvious the lag behind of development.Keywords : young; children; deaf; comprehensive development; early.
Low temperature synthesis nanoscale Ta4HfC5 powder and characterization of Ta4HfC5 ceramics
Authors: Pan Ruiqun , Chen Guiqing , Yu Xinmin , Yang Yusen , Han W.B. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Solvothermal treatment was used to synthesize nanoscale 4TaC–HfC (Ta 4 HfC 5 ) powder at a relatively low calcination temperature (1400 °C) and in a short period through material selection and process optimization. High-volume Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave (1000–2000 mL) could be used to prepare powder by using this method. The obtained powder had good size distribution and dispersity. Ta 4 HfC 5 powder could be obtained at a low temperature because of the existence of Ta 2 Hf 6 O 17 during carbothermal reduction.Ta 4 HfC 5 ceramics were consolidated via spark plasma sintering at 2100 °C and at 30, 40, and 50 MPa. Holding time was 5 min. Ceramics had a better densification and smaller grain sizes at a shorter sintering time compared with that of the mechanical ball milling method. The densification behavior of ceramics was analyzed, and the mechanical properties of different samples were investigated. Flexural strength increased from 5.85 ± 0.43 GPa to 10.07 ± 0.61 GPa. Fracture toughness was similar in all the compositions in the range of 2.36–2.56 MPa m 1/2 . This method can be applied to synthesize Ta 4 HfC 5 powder with high purity and uniformity in large quantities. Hence, ceramic sintering and Ta 4 HfC 5 –matrix composite preparation have a broad application prospect.
Sex differences in cortical bone of humeral head region
Authors: Wang Yeming , Li Jian , Yang Jianhua , Dong Jingming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

Proximal humerus fractures are highly related to age, and are particularly high in women. The goal of this study was to investigate sex-related similarities and differences in humeral head structure.

Methods

Computed tomography (CT) scans of 147 healthy subjects (76 men /71 women) spanning a wide range of ages (20-88 years) were analyzed. Three groups of subjects were identified according to age: group A (aged 20-39 years), group B (aged 40-59 years), and group C (aged> 60 years). For each subject, cortical bone mapping (CBM) was applied to create color 3D thickness map for the proximal humerus. Regions of interest (ROI) were defined in three walls of humeral head which corresponded to the anterior, lateral and posterior aspects. Cortical parameters, including the cortical thickness (CTh), cortical mass surface density (CM), and the endocortical trabecular density (ECTD) were measured using CBM.

Results

In both sexes, the CTh value of proximal ROIs in lateral and anterior wall tended to decrease with age. No significant difference was detected between three age groups for each parameter in the posterior wall in men and women. In ROIs 1-9, the ECTD tended to show a notable decline with age in women. In contrast, the ECTD remained unchanged in men. When pooled across all decades, the CTh, CM and ECTD values of ROI 1-9 were approximately equivalent between men and women.

Conclusions

There was no sex difference in cortical bone parameters in the humeral head region. However, the endocortical trabecular density decreased significantly with age only in women.
Mechanism of Wnt Pathway on Cartilage Differentiation of Adipose Derived Stem
Authors: Dai Wanwu , Zhang Bo , Huang Zuquan , Sun Guili , Yang Yejing , Cai Min , Feng Zhe , Li Xingyan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective

Exploring the interaction of Wnt signaling pathway and sox9 to elucidate the role of adipose-derived stem cells in chondrogenic differentiation.

Methohs

Through LiCl,DKK-1 stimulate ADSCs into cartilage differentiation, detection of middle-late late early differentiation into cartilage indicators such as collagen type II (Collagen2a), gather the proteoglycan (Aggrecan) and Wnt pathways key protein Sox9, BMP-2, beta serial protein (beta-catenin), glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3 beta) expression.Subsequently, lentivirus was used as the vector, the full-length Sox9 gene was transfected into ADSCs for stable expression, and the expression levels of relevant indicators were detected again.

Results

During the chondrogenic induction and differentiation of ADSCs, the Wnt pathway promoted the rapid proliferation of ADSCs in the early, middle and late stages and induced the expression of Collagen 2a Aggrecan to increase in the early stage but not significantly (P<0.05).At the later stage, the phenotype of mature cartilage was inhibited and cartilage hypertrophy and early cartilage ossification were promoted.Overexpression was fed back to inhibit the expression of Sox9, the activity of Wnt pathway, up-regulated in early, mid-stage and down-regulated in late stage (P<0.01).

Conclusion

The Wnt pathway regulates chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs by regulating Sox9, but its regulatory mechanism is significantly different at different stages of induced differentiation.
Fluorescence optical imaging is helpful in the decision for rituximab (RTX) re-therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ali Schahrasad Lisa Ridha , Glimm Anne-Marie , Burmester Gerd Ruediger , Hoff Paula , Schmittat Gabriela , Hermann Sandra , Backhaus Marina , Klotsche Jens , Ohrndorf Sarah 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the ability of fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) Xiralite® in the prediction of RTX re-therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients - in comparison to clinical, laboratory and musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) parameters.Patients and methods: Patients with established RA were prospectively followed over one year by DAS28, patient’s global disease activity (VAS 0-100 mm), CRP and ESR, US7 score and FOI in phases 1-3 and automatically generated PrimaVistaMode (PVM) at baseline (before RTX) and after 3, 6, and 12 months. The need for RTX re-therapy was decided by the treating rheumatologist – blinded to imaging data.Results: 31 patients (female 77.4%, mean age 60.1±11.4, mean disease duration 14.9±7.1 years) were included. Fourteen patients (45.2%) received RTX re-therapy within 12 months. In the group with RTX re-therapy, FOI in PVM mode was the only parameter that presented significant increase over time (beta 0.40, CI 0.08-0.71; p=0.013) – compared to the group without re-therapy. In the prediction model via ROC analysis, FOI in PVM reached the highest values of all imaging, clinical and laboratory parameters for the prediction of re-therapy over one year with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 (OR 0.84, CI 0.72;0.98, p=0.031). US7 GS synovitis score revealed similar predictive power with an AUC of 0.73 (p=0.049).Conclusion: US7 GS synovitis score and FOI in PVM are able to discriminate between patients with and without need for RTX re-therapy better than clinical and laboratory parameters.
STXBP5L and its related molecules as potential biomarkers in lymph node metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Gao Guang Yu , Shen Li Qin , Shi Xinya , Yao Zhen , Shen Jiaofeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLymph node metastasis is a common problem in breast cancer, and its underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to research the molecular mechanism and to explore the key RNAs and pathways that mediate lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.MethodsGSE100453 and GSE38167 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and 569 breast cancer statistics were also downloaded from the TCGA database. Differentially expressed miRNAs were calculated by using R software and GEO2R. Gene ontology and Enriched pathway analysis of target mRNAs were analyzed by using DAVID and R software. The PPI network was constructed by using Metascape and Cytoscape software.ResultsIn total, 6 differentially expressed miRNAs were selected, and 499 mRNAs were identified after filtering. The research of KEGG indicated that mRNAs enriched in many cancer pathways. Besides, some hub mRNAs were analyzed after constructing the PPI network. A total of 3 out of 6 miRNAs had a significant relationship with the overall survival (P<0.05) and showed a good ability of risk prediction model of over survival.ConclusionBy utilizing bioinformatics analyses, differently expressed miRNAs were identified and constructed a complete gene network. Several potential mechanisms and therapeutic and prognostic targets of lymph node metastasis were also demonstrated in breast cancer.
Island biogeography on a micro-scale: Larger anammox granules not only harbor higher species diversity but also support more functional diversity
Authors: Chen Hui , Liu Tao , Li Jie , Mao Likai , Ye Jun , Han Xiaoyu , Jetten Mike S. M. , Guo Jianhua 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: According to the theory of island biogeography, there is a strong relationship between the species diversity and the isolated area. However, it is unclear whether the ecological distribution of microorganisms follows this island biogeography pattern at micro-scale. Here, we use microbial granules harvested from a partial nitritation and anammox (PN/A) system as a model to test if the microbial and functional diversity follow the island biogeography. We collected and divided these granules into five discrete size-fractions (<0.2, 0.2–0.5, 0.5–0.8, 0.8–1.0 and >1.0 mm).Results: By comparing the composition and functional attribute of five pools of the size-fractionated granules by 16S rRNA gene amplicon, metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing, larger granules were shown not only to harbor higher microbial diversity, but also to support more diverse functions than smaller granules. De novo co-assembly and binning of metagenomic reads yielded 22 near-complete genomes of dominant microorganisms, which allowed us to infer an ecological model of the microbial ecosystem in anammox-based granules. This genome-based ecological model indicates that nitrifying organisms in smaller granules feed nitrite to anammox bacteria in larger granules.Conclusion: Our findings substantiate that microbial communities in PN/A granules follow a species-volume relationship, suggesting the generality of the theory of island biogeography on microscopic scale.
Surface Tension-Based Ultra-Micro Precision Dispensing Method For Micro-Scale Manufacturing
Authors: Fang. Liu Hui , qing Qiao Kai , Xiang Gao Quan , Tian Xu Hao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Due to the rapid development of precision micro-manufacturing technology, it has made higher requirements for micro-connection and micro-assembly technologies. An ultra-micro-dispensing method based on the surface tension of the droplets is proposed, which can be realized on the surface of micro-components. Distribute the glue between pl. Use a pipette to pass through the capillary containing the glue, cover the tip of the pipette with glue, and then form tiny glue droplets under the action of the glue's own adhesive force and surface tension. In the experiment, the factors such as the diameter of the pipette, the speed of movement, the Cap value, and the viscosity of the glue were analyzed in detail.Fly upgrade ultra-small dispensing was achieved.The minimum glue droplet was 22.4 μm, and the droplet volume was 228 fL. The planning of the glue droplet trajectory, different plane graphics composed of uniform fl glue droplets, this method achieves precise control of the size and position accuracy of the glue droplets, the deviation of the glue spot diameter is within 2.2 μm, and the deviation of the glue droplet position is 1.58 μm Inside.