bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
К вопросу о совершенствовании уголовного законодательства об ответственности за преступления против военной службы
Authors: Решняк М.Г. 
Published: December 2024

Статья посвящена оценке основных изменений норм главы 33 Уголовного кодекса Российской Федерации, внесенных Федеральным законом от 24.09. 2022 № 365-ФЗ. На основе анализа положений российского и советского уголовного законодательства об ответственности за преступления против военной службы, научных публикаций по исследуемой проблематике автором сформулированы выводы и предложения относительно дальнейшего развития уголовного законодательства об ответственности за преступления против военной службы.
This article is devoted to the assessment of the main changes in the norms of Chapter 33 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation introduced by Federal Law No. 365-FZ of September 24, 2022. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the Russian and Soviet criminal legislation on responsibility for crimes against military service, scientific publications on the subject under study, the author formulated conclusions and proposals for the further development of criminal legislation on responsibility for crimes against military service.
К вопросу о признаках лиц, совершающих преступления в предпринимательской сфере
Authors: Батюкова В.Е. 
Published: December 2024

Основным объектом экономических преступлений является установленный законодателем порядок осуществления предпринимательской, финансовой и иной экономической деятельности по поводу производства, распределения, обмена и потребления материальных благ и услуг, собственность физических или юридических лиц. Некоторые преступления, содержащиеся в главе 22 Уголовного кодекса РФ, предусматривают уголовную ответственность как должностных лиц, так и лиц, совершающих вышеуказанные преступления с использованием своего служебного положения. Понятие и признаки должностного лица даются законодателем в Примечании 1 к ст. 285 УК РФ, но эти признаки относятся только к главе 30 «Преступления против государственной власти, интересов государственной службы и службы в органах местного самоуправления». Автор статьи анализирует особенность преступлений в предпринимательской сфере и признаки лиц, их совершивших.
The main object of economic crimes is the procedure established by the legislator for carrying out entrepreneurial, financial and other economic activities related to the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of material goods and services, the property of individuals or legal entities. Some crimes contained in Chapter 22 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provide for criminal liability of both officials and persons who commit the above crimes using their official position. The concept and attributes of an official are given by the legislator in Note 1 to Article 285 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, but these attributes relate only to Chapter 30 "Crimes against state power, interests of public service and service in local self-government bodies". The author of the presented article analyzes the peculiarity of crimes in the business sphere and the signs of the persons who committed them.
Проблемы ответственности субъектов правоотношений в сфере цифровизации: спорные правоотношения
Authors: Степанов О.А. 
Published: December 2024

В статье анализируются проблемы ответственности субъектов правоотношений в сфере цифровизации. Предлагаются варианты решения спорных правоотношений, связанных с введением института безвиновной ответственности, на основе разработки правоприменительных привязок.
The article analyzes the problems of responsibility of the subjects of legal relations in the field of digitalization. The variants of the variants of the decision of the disputable legal relations connected with introduction of institute without culpable responsibility on the basis of development of law enforcement bindings are offered.
О презумпции осознанного выбора
Authors: Арапов С.В. 
Published: December 2024

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с предлагаемой презумпцией осознанного выбора. Для субъекта права проблема выбора — это одна из серьезных социальных проблем. Формула «за выбор надо отвечать» воспринимается как нечто невозможное и неприемлемое. Однако ответственность субъектов права за тот или иной выбор должна быть каким-то образом урегулирована. И наиболее эффективным механизмом указанного регулирования может быть юридическая техника презумпций. Предлагается включить в правовую систему презумпцию осознанного выбора как предположение, что выбор является первопричиной любого деяния субъекта, включая все результаты этого деяния, пока не доказано иное. Предполагается, что эта презумпция должна быть опровержимой. Деяние является следствием осознанного выбора, который соответствует ценностным ориентирам субъекта. Ответственность за выбор, которая несет в себе предлагаемая презумпция, воздействует на правовое сознание.
Article deals with issues related to the proposed presumption of conscious choice. The problem of choice is one of the serious social problems today. The formula “You must answer for the choice” is perceived as something impossible and unacceptable. However, the responsibility of the subjects of law for this or that choice must be regulated somehow. And the most effective mechanism for this regulation may be the legal technique of presumptions. It is proposed to include in the legal system the presumption of conscious choice as the assumption that the choice is the root cause of any act of the subject, including all the results of this act, until proven otherwise. This presumption is supposed to be rebuttable. The act is the result of a conscious choice that corresponds to the value orientations of the subject. The responsibility for the choice, which the proposed presumption carries, affects the legal consciousness.
Интеграция процессов цифровой трансформации предприятий и подготовки специалистов в области автоматизации промышленного и сельскохозяйственного производства
Authors: Лишилин М.В. , Пряхин В.Н. , Карапетян М.А. 
Published: December 2024

Цифровая трансформация в промышленности и сельском хозяйстве призвана стимулировать интенсивный рост экономики и революционизировать управление проектами на государственном уровне. Она предполагает изменение стратегии управления и моделей операций через интеграцию информационных систем. Важными вызовами являются повышение уровня цифровой зрелости предприятий сельского хозяйства, вовлечение в процессы цифровой трансформации заинтересованных сторон, улучшение доступа к технологической информации и расширение применения таких технологий, как промышленный Интернет вещей, «цифровых двойников». Для достижения стратегических целей необходимо не только повысить цифровую зрелость предприятий, но и обеспечить подготовку квалифицированных кадров. Интеграция информационных систем университетов и предприятий, использование виртуальных компьютерных лабораторий в обучении и управление на основе данных являются ключевыми элементами успешной цифровой трансформации. Важным фактором является системное использование такого инструментария, как виртуальная компьютерная лаборатория, в качестве технологической основы для интеграции производственных данных в образовательный процесс. Однако требуется еще разработка методической и нормативной основы для информационных систем университетов и предприятий. Это позволит улучшить качество подготовки специалистов и активно вовлечь университеты в процессы цифровой трансформации промышленности.
Digital transformation in industry and agriculture is aimed at driving intensive economic growth and revolutionizing project management at the state level. It involves changing management strategies and operational models through the integration of information systems. Key challenges include increasing the digital maturity of agricultural enterprises, involving stakeholders in the digital transformation process, improving access to technological information, and expanding the use of technologies like the Industrial Internet of Things and digital twins. To achieve strategic goals, it is crucial not only to enhance the digital maturity of enterprises but also to prepare qualified personnel. The integration of university and enterprise information systems, the use of virtual computer labs in education, and data-driven management are essential elements of successful digital transformation. A critical factor is the systematic use of tools such as virtual computer labs as a technological foundation for integrating production data into the educational process. However, further development of methodological and regulatory frameworks for university and enterprise information systems is needed. This will improve the quality of specialist training and actively involve universities in the processes of industrial digital transformation.
АНТИОКСИДАНТНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА КЛУБНЕЙ КАРТОФЕЛЯ (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.) И ВЛИЯНИЕ НА НИХ ГУМИНОВЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ
Authors: Кочетков И.М. , Верховцева Н.В. 
Published: December 2024

В кратком обзоре рассматриваются свободнорадикальные реакции растительных организмов и современный уровень изученности их антиоксидантных свойств. Приведены общие сведения об антиоксидантной активности картофеля Solanum tuberosum L. Как соединения, которые могут помогать растениям в физиологии развития, а также переживать окислительный стресс, рассмотрены гуминовые вещества.
The brief review examines free-radical reactions of plant organisms and the current level of knowledge of their antioxidant properties. General information on the antioxidant activity of Solanum tuberosum L. potatoes is provided. Humic substances are considered as compounds that can help plants in developmental physiology and survive oxidative stress.
ДИАГНОСТИКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ МЕТОДОВ РЕМЕДИАЦИИ НЕФТЕЗАГРЯЗНЕННОЙ АГРОДЕРНОВО-ПОДЗОЛИСТОЙ ПОЧВЫ ПО КОМПЛЕКСУ АГРОХИМИЧЕСКИХ И БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ
Authors: Поляк Ю.М. , Бакина Л.Г. , Чугунова М.В. , Герасимов А.О. 
Published: December 2024

В условиях многолетнего полевого опыта исследовали эффективность методов ремедиации агродерново-подзолистой почвы, загрязненной нефтью. Мероприятия по восстановлению и улучшению качества почвы включали внесение минеральных удобрений и извести, посев трав, применение различных биопрепаратов. Сравнительную оценку методов ремедиации проводили с использованием комплекса диагностических показателей. Такие показатели как надземная биомасса растений, скорость минерализации нефтепродуктов, ферментативная активность почвы и базальное дыхание проявили высокую чувствительность к загрязнению и мероприятиям по восстановлению почвы, что позволило выявить разную эффективность использованных методов ремедиации. Наибольшая эффективность была достигнута при комплексном использовании агрохимических и биологических методов при условии корректно выбранного биопрепарата-нефтедеструктора.
The effeciency of the remediation strategies of oil-contaminated soil was studied in the fi eld experiment. To restore and improve the soil quality we used fertilizers, limestone, sowing herbs, microbial preparations. A comparative assessment of remediation methods was carried out using a set of diagnostic indicators. Such indicators as biomass of grasses, the rate of mineralization of petroleum products, enzymatic activity of soil and basal respiration showed high sensitivity to pollution and soil remediation methods, which allowed us to evaluate their diff erent effi ciency. The greatest effi ciency was achieved with the combination of agrochemical and biological methods in case of the correctly selected microbial preparation.
Memoria democrática y álbumes ilustrados en la formación inicial del profesorado
Authors: Luna Ursula , Serrano-Mariezkurrena Amaia , Echeberria Arquero Berta 
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo presenta el proyecto GATAI[1], un proyecto interdisciplinar de innovación educativa desarrollado en el tercer curso del Grado de Educación Primaria la Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU) que versa sobre temas controvertidos y álbumes ilustrados en la formación de maestros. El alumnado universitario diseña y desarrolla sesiones de aula dirigidas a niñas y niños de primaria, que tienen como eje principal la lectura e interpretación de un álbum ilustrado sobre memoria democrática. Esta práctica se desarrolla en 25 grupos de primaria de cuatro colegios de Gipuzkoa. Los resultados muestran una potencialidad enorme del uso de estos recursos literarios para tratar la memoria democrática en primaria, además de formar al futuro profesorado en el diseño de acciones didácticas dirigidas a primaria utilizando álbumes ilustrados.

[1] GATAI son las siglas que pertenecen al título del proyecto “Gai gatazkatsuak y álbumes ilustrados” [Temas controvertidos y álbumes ilustrados].
Análise do conteúdo de botânica nos livros didáticos de biologia do ensino fundamental
Authors: Oliveira Thiago Garcia Martins de , Duarte Ana Carolina 
Published: December 2024

Livros didáticos são recursos amplamente utilizados pelos professores. Diante disso, almejou-se qualificar oito volumes de três coleções aprovadas pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) de Ciências em 2018. Em uma análise do conteúdo de tais obras, foi possível perceber o negligenciamento da botânica em comparação a outras áreas da biologia, por meio de quesitos preestabelecidos. Cada coleção apresentou abordagens mais ou menos satisfatórias com relação aos aspectos abordados, em que apenas a qualidade textual se destacou em 100% dos materiais, seguida por presença de recursos visuais (87,5%), exercícios práticos (62,5%), interdisciplinaridade (50%), aprofundamento no tema (37,5%) e contextualização (25%). Esclarece-se que o objetivo do artigo não foi a busca pelo melhor material, mas a melhoria contínua dos livros que formam a base do conhecimento dos estudantes.
Palavras-chave: Livro didático. Ensino de botânica. PNLD.

ANALYSIS OF BOTANICAL CONTENT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL BIOLOGY TEXTBOOKS
ABSTRACT
Textbooks are resources widely used by teachers. In view of this, the aim was to qualify eight volumes from three collections approved by the Brazilian National Textbook Program (PNLD, in Portuguese abbreviation) for Sciences in 2018. In an analysis of the content of such works, it was possible to perceive the neglect of botany in comparison to other areas of biology, through pre-established criteria. Each collection presented more or less satisfactory approaches regarding the aspects covered, in which only the textual quality stood out in 100% of the materials, followed by the presence of visual resources (87.5%), practical exercises (62.5%), interdisciplinarity (50%), in-depth study of the topic (37.5%) and contextualization (25%). It is clarified that the objective of the article was not to search for the best material, but to continuously improve the books that form the basis of students’ knowledge.
Keywords: Textbook. Botany teaching. PNLD.
Perubahan Sosial Akibat Modernisasi Pada Komunitas Petani Padi Di Gampong Lingom Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: Hanim Zakiratul , Nurdin Ibnu Phonna 
Published: December 2024

The presence of agricultural modernization in people’s lives changes the tradisional agricultural process to modern agriculture, apart from that it also causes social changes among farming communities when using modern machines. This research aims to analyze and describe the beginning of modernization in the rice farming community in Gampong Lingom, Indrapuri District, Aceh Besar Regency. This research focuses on the social change that occurs. This research uses modernization theory according to Raillon (1989) which discusses transformation in the economic, sosio-cultural and environmental fields. This research is qualitative research with a case study method, data collection techniques using observation, interviews, documentation, and 9 informants, informants were selected using the purposive sampling method. The research results show that the presence of agricultural modernization can make farmers’ work easier, the agricultural process is fast, saves agricultural coast and also does not use human labor, but it also has several negative impacts on the rice farming community, which can be seen from the economic sector which includes changes in livehood patterns, systems bartering is starting to disappear, the environmental sector which includes rice productivity is decreasing and land degradasion is occurring and the socio-cultural sector which includes khanduri blang, cok uroe customs and confrontations between brokers. There are also social problems is role of kejruen blang is not optimal.
Venezia Novecento: architettura revival a San Marco
L’architetto Ambrogio Narduzzi e il progetto della Chiesa Metodista nel sotoportego del Cavalletto 95-96
Authors: Casotto Elena 
Published: December 2024

Through archive documents, the essay researches the renovation phases of the Methodist church and of the building that contains it, located at the sotoportego del Cavalletto in San Marco. The project was designed by the Venetian architect Ambrogio Narduzzi, very active between the end of the nineteenth and the first decades of the twentieth century; Narduzzi collaborated with the Methodist church on other projects. The Venetian project was designed and executed between 1910 and 1917 and it is not only an interesting example of reconstruction inspired by revival architecture and historic styles – as it was very common in the first decades of the twentieth century – but it offers also the opportunity to a larger reflection on the active role of the Methodist community in the city, between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Representation of coherence knowledge considering their logical inconsistency for the problem of constructing explanations in intellectual systems
Authors: Chalyi Sergiy F. , Leshchynskyi Volodymyr O. , Leshchynska Iryna O. 
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to develop a model of consistent knowledge about the decision-making process in intelligent systems, which would consider their logical consistency and provide an opportunity to explain the process and outcome of such systems. The object of study is the process of constructing explanations in intelligent systems. Research objectives: development of a generalized approach to the harmonization of knowledge to build explanations in intelligent information systems; development of a model for the presentation of consistent knowledge, considering their logical consistency. The following results were obtained. A generalized approach to the harmonization of knowledge to build explanations in intelligent information systems has been developed. The approach provides the possibility of forming a set of agreed explanations that reflect different aspects of the decision-making process and the result obtained by the intelligent system, which simplifies the application of these results in the subject area of the user. The model of representation of the coordinated knowledge considering their logical consistency is offered. The model makes it possible to check the consistency of knowledge directly in the formation of explanations, which creates conditions for the formation of explanations on the principle of the black box and allows to supplement functioning systems with explanations, as well as to adapt explanations when changing their functionality.
Beyond the Ambassadorial Gift in Muscovite Russia
Authors: Arel Maria Salomon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article explores the role of gifts in embassies to Russia in the Muscovite period, primarily in the seventeenth century. While acknowledging the importance of the ambassadorial gift presented at court in signaling honor, respect, status, and friendship between sovereigns, it shifts attention to the less glamorous, but recurring shows of goodwill and liberality evident in an ambassador’s many interactions with the tsar’s subjects, officials, and courtiers as he travelled to his destination. Pulling together scattered references to such gifts from a variety of Russian and foreign sources, the article discusses how these lesser gestures of generosity functioned within shared diplomatic conventions of the early modern era relating to gift-exchange. The discussion highlights the intertwined function of hospitality, reciprocity, sociability, the ranking of social hierarchies, and public display in the dynamic of non-ritualized diplomatic giving. It also brings into focus the role of the ambassador’s road as an ongoing site of gift exchange and of knowledge acquisition pertinent to an embassy’s tasks, including that of largesse.
The influence of different food products and diet regimens on the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties of the gut microbiome. Review
Authors: Tkach S. M. , Kharchenko N. V. , Dorofeyev A. E. 
Published: December 2024

In recent years, it has been established that the gut microbiome directly affects the balance of pro‑inflammatory and anti‑inflammatory reactions in the intestine, and microbial competition for nutrients plays a key role in controlling this balance. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its functional pathology, as well as in colorectal cancer, cardiometabolic disorders, and immune‑mediated pathology, the homeostasis between the gut microbiota (GM) and the intestinal immune system is significantly disrupted, which plays a major role in their pathogenesis. Epidemiological studies have identified several dietary factors associated with the onset of these diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain largely unknown. The knowledge of pro‑inflammatory and anti‑inflammatory properties of certain food compounds has increased significantly after various functional experiments and clinical‑epidemiological studies. One of the most recent was a large study in the Netherlands that aimed to investigate the complex relationships between habitual diet, gut microbiota, and gut inflammation in 1.425 people in four different cohorts: Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, and the general population). The relationship between 173 dietary factors included in different dietary models (certain foods and macronutrients) and the composition of the intestinal microbiota and intestinal function is analysed. The conducted studies made it possible to determine food patterns that consistently correlate with groups of bacteria and their functions, which provide pro‑ and anti‑inflammatory effects and protect the mucous membrane. Long‑term diets rich in legumes, vegetables, fruits and nuts, greater consumption of plant‑based over animal‑based foods with a preference for low‑fat dairy products and fish, while avoiding strong alcoholic beverages, high‑fat processed meats and soft drinks, have the potential to prevent inflammatory intestinal processes. Poor adherence to these principles is associated with an increased risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease and tumours.