bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Markers of tissue damage and inflammation after robotic and abdominal hysterectomy in early endometrial cancer: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lundin Evelyn Serreyn , Wodlin Ninnie Borendal , Nilsson Lena , Theodorsson Elvar , Ernerudh Jan , Kjølhede Preben 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the dynamics of tissue damage and inflammatory response markers perioperatively and whether these differ between women operated with robotic and abdominal hysterectomy in treating early-stage endometrial cancer. At a Swedish university hospital fifty women with early-stage low-risk endometrial cancer were allocated to robotic or abdominal hysterectomy in a randomiszed controlled trial. Blood samples reflecting inflammatory responses (high sensitivity CRP, white blood cells (WBC), thrombocytes, IL-6, cortisol) and tissue damage (creatine kinase (CK), high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1)) were collected one week preoperatively, just before surgery, postoperatively at two, 24 and 48 hours, and one and six weeks postoperatively. High sensitivity CRP (p = 0.03), WBC (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p = 0.03) and CK (p = 0.03) were significantly lower in the robotic group, but fast transitory. Cortisol returned to baseline two hours after robotic hysterectomy but remained elevated in the abdominal group comparable to the preoperative high levels for both groups just before surgery (p < 0.0001). Thrombocytes and HMGB1 were not affected by the mode of surgery. Postoperative inflammatory response and tissue damage were lower after robotic hysterectomy compared to abdominal hysterectomy. A significant remaining cortisol elevation two hours after surgery may reflect a higher stress response in the abdominal group.
MC1R variants and associations with pigmentation characteristics and genetic ancestry in a Hispanic, predominately Puerto Rican, population
Authors: Smit Amelia K. , Collazo-Roman Marielys , Vadaparampil Susan T. , Valavanis Stella , Del Rio Jocelyn , Soto Brenda , Flores Idhaliz , Dutil Julie , Kanetsky Peter A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSkin cancer risk information based on melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) variants could inform prevention and screening recommendations for Hispanics, but limited evidence exists on the impact of MC1R variants in Hispanic populations. We studied Hispanic subjects, predominately of Puerto Rican heritage, from Tampa, Florida, US, and Ponce, PR. Blood or saliva samples were collected by prospective recruitment or retrieved from biobanks for genotyping of MC1R variants and ancestry informative markers. Participant demographic and self-reported phenotypic information was collected via biobank records or questionnaires. We determined associations of MC1R genetic risk categories and phenotypic variables and genetic ancestry. Over half of participants carried MC1R variants known to increase risk of skin cancer, and there was diversity in the observed variants across sample populations. Associations between MC1R genetic risk groups and some pigmentation characteristics were identified. Among Puerto Ricans, the proportion of participants carrying MC1R variants imparting elevated skin cancer risk was consistent across quartiles of European, African, and Native American genetic ancestry. These findings demonstrate that MC1R variants are important for pigmentation characteristics in Hispanics and that carriage of high risk MC1R alleles occurs even among Hispanics with stronger African or Native American genetic ancestry.
Genome Wide Analysis for Growth at Two Growth Stages in A New Fast-Growing Common Carp Strain (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Su Shengyan , Raouf Bouzoualegh , He Xinjin , Cai Nana , Li Xinyuan , Yu Juhua , Li JianLin , Yu Fan , Wang Meiyao , Tang Yongkai 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn order to identify candidate genes or loci associated with growth performance of the newly established common carp strain, Xinlong, we conducted a genome-wide association analysis using 2b-RAD technology on 123 individuals. We constructed two sets of libraries associated with growth-related parameters (weight, length, width and depth) measured at two different grow-out stages. Among the 413,059 SNPs identified using SOAP SNP calling, 147,131 were tested for GWAS after quality filtering. Finally, 39 overlapping SNPs, assigned to four genomic locations, were associated with growth traits in two stages. These loci were assigned to functional classes related to immune response, response to stress, neurogenesis, cholesterol metabolism and development, and proliferation and differentiation of cells. By overlapping results of Plink and EMMAX analyses, we identified three genes: TOX, PLK2 and CD163 (both methods P < 0.05). Our study results could be used for marker-assisted selection to further improve the growth of the Xinlong strain, and illustrate that largely different sets of genes drive the growth of carp in the early and late grow-out stages.
Long-Term Aberrations To Cerebellar Endocannabinoids Induced By Early-Life Stress
Authors: Moussa-Tooks Alexandra B. , Larson Eric R. , Gimeno Alex F. , Leishman Emma , Bartolomeo Lisa A. , Bradshaw Heather B. , Green John T. , O’Donnell Brian F. , Mackie Ken , Hetrick William P. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEmerging evidence points to the role of the endocannabinoid system in long-term stress-induced neural remodeling with studies on stress-induced endocannabinoid dysregulation focusing on cerebral changes that are temporally proximal to stressors. Little is known about temporally distal and sex-specific effects, especially in cerebellum, which is vulnerable to early developmental stress and is dense with cannabinoid receptors. Following limited bedding at postnatal days 2–9, adult (postnatal day 70) cerebellar and hippocampal endocannabinoids, related lipids, and mRNA were assessed, and behavioral performance evaluated. Regional and sex-specific effects were present at baseline and following early-life stress. Limited bedding impaired peripherally-measured basal corticosterone in adult males only. In the CNS, early-life stress (1) decreased 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and arachidonic acid in the cerebellar interpositus nucleus in males only; (2) decreased 2-arachidonoyl glycerol in females only in cerebellar Crus I; and (3) increased dorsal hippocampus prostaglandins in males only. Cerebellar interpositus transcriptomics revealed substantial sex effects, with minimal stress effects. Stress did impair novel object recognition in both sexes and social preference in females. Accordingly, the cerebellar endocannabinoid system exhibits robust sex-specific differences, malleable through early-life stress, suggesting the role of endocannabinoids and stress to sexual differentiation of the brain and cerebellar-related dysfunctions.
Maternal sleep quality during pregnancy is associated with neonatal auditory ERPs
Authors: Lavonius Maria , Railo Henry , Karlsson Linnea , Wikström Valtteri , Tuulari Jetro J. , Scheinin Noora M. , Paavonen E. Juulia , Polo-Kantola Päivi , Karlsson Hasse , Huotilainen Minna 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPoor maternal sleep quality during pregnancy may act as a prenatal stress factor for the fetus and associate with neonate neurocognition, for example via fetal programming. The impacts of worsened maternal sleep on neonatal development and, more specifically on neonatal auditory brain responses, have not been studied. A total of 155 mother-neonate dyads drawn from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study participated in our study including maternal self-report questionnaires on sleep at gestational week 24 and an event-related potential (ERP) measurement among 1-2-day-old neonates. For sleep quality assessment, the Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire (BNSQ) was used and calculated scores for (1) insomnia, (2) subjective sleep loss and (3) sleepiness were formed and applied in the analyses. In the auditory ERP protocol, three emotionally uttered pseudo words (in happy, angry and sad valence) were presented among neutrally uttered pseudo words. To study the relations between prenatal maternal sleep quality and auditory emotion-related ERP responses, mixed-effects regression models were computed for early (100–200 ms) and late (300–500 ms) ERP response time-windows. All of the selected BNSQ scores were associated with neonatal ERP responses for happy and angry emotion stimuli (sleep loss and sleepiness in the early, and insomnia, sleep loss and sleepiness in the late time-window). For sad stimuli, only maternal sleep loss predicted the neonatal ERP response in the late time-window, likely because the overall ERP was weakest in the sad condition. We conclude that maternal sleep quality during pregnancy is associated with changes in neonatal auditory ERP responses.
Non-invasive imaging of Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio in cancers in vivo
Authors: Islam Md. Tauhidul , Tang Songyuan , Liverani Chiara , Saha Sajib , Tasciotti Ennio , Righetti Raffaella 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAlterations of Young’s modulus (YM) and Poisson’s ratio (PR) in biological tissues are often early indicators of the onset of pathological conditions. Knowledge of these parameters has been proven to be of great clinical significance for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancers. Currently, however, there are no non-invasive modalities that can be used to image and quantify these parameters in vivo without assuming incompressibility of the tissue, an assumption that is rarely justified in human tissues. In this paper, we developed a new method to simultaneously reconstruct YM and PR of a tumor and of its surrounding tissues based on the assumptions of axisymmetry and ellipsoidal-shape inclusion. This new, non-invasive method allows the generation of high spatial resolution YM and PR maps from axial and lateral strain data obtained via ultrasound elastography. The method was validated using finite element (FE) simulations and controlled experiments performed on phantoms with known mechanical properties. The clinical feasibility of the developed method was demonstrated in an orthotopic mouse model of breast cancer. Our results demonstrate that the proposed technique can estimate the YM and PR of spherical inclusions with accuracy higher than 99% and with accuracy higher than 90% in inclusions of different geometries and under various clinically relevant boundary conditions.
Whole transcriptome analysis and validation of metabolic pathways in subcutaneous adipose tissues during FGF21-induced weight loss in non-human primates
Authors: Murray Sara A. , Dalbøge Louise S. , Baquero Karalee , Sanford Christina A. , Misquith Ayesha , Mercer Aaron J. , Meek Thomas H. , Guldbrandt Mette , Andersen Birgitte , Kievit Paul , Grove Kevin L. , Kutlu Burak 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) induces weight loss in mouse, monkey, and human studies. In mice, FGF21 is thought to cause weight loss by stimulating thermogenesis, but whether FGF21 increases energy expenditure (EE) in primates is unclear. Here, we explore the transcriptional response and gene networks active in adipose tissue of rhesus macaques following FGF21-induced weight loss. Genes related to thermogenesis responded inconsistently to FGF21 treatment and weight loss. However, expression of gene modules involved in triglyceride (TG) synthesis and adipogenesis decreased, and this was associated with greater weight loss. Conversely, expression of innate immune cell markers was increased post-treatment and was associated with greater weight loss. A lipogenesis gene module associated with weight loss was evaluated by testing the function of member genes in mice. Overexpression of NRG4 reduced weight gain in diet-induced obese mice, while overexpression of ANGPTL8 resulted in elevated TG levels in lean mice. These observations provide evidence for a shifting balance of lipid storage and metabolism due to FGF21-induced weight loss in the non-human primate model, and do not fully recapitulate increased EE seen in rodent and in vitro studies. These discrepancies may reflect inter-species differences or complex interplay of FGF21 activity and counter-regulatory mechanisms.
Pathogenic Leptospira and their animal reservoirs: testing host specificity through experimental infection
Authors: Cordonin Colette , Turpin Magali , Bringart Matthieu , Bascands Jean-Loup , Flores Olivier , Dellagi Koussay , Mavingui Patrick , Roche Marjolaine , Tortosa Pablo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLeptospirosis is caused by pathogenic Leptospira transmitted through contact with contaminated environments. Most mammalian species are infectable by Leptospira but only few act as efficient reservoir being capable of establishing long term kidney colonization and shedding Leptospira in urine. In Madagascar, a large diversity of pathogenic Leptospira display a tight specificity towards their endemic volant or terrestrial mammalian hosts. The basis of this specificity is unknown: it may indicate some genetically determined compatibility between host cells and bacteria or only reflect ecological constraints preventing contacts between specific hosts. In this study, Rattus norvegicus was experimentally infected with either Leptospira interrogans, Leptospira borgpetersenii or Leptospira mayottensis isolated from rats, bats or tenrecs, respectively. Leptospira borgpetersenii and L. mayottensis do not support renal colonization as featured by no shedding of live bacteria in urine and low level and sporadic detection of Leptospira DNA in kidneys. In contrast 2 out of the 7 R. norvegicus challenged with L. interrogans developed renal colonization and intense Leptospira shedding in urine throughout the 3 months of experimental infection. These data suggest that host-Leptospira specificity in this biodiversity hotspot is driven at least in part by genetic determinants likely resulting from long-term co-diversification processes.
Synapse-specific expression of mu opioid receptor long-term depression in the dorsomedial striatum
Authors: Muñoz Braulio , Haggerty David L. , Atwood Brady K 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe dorsal striatum is a brain region involved in action control, with dorsomedial striatum (DMS) mediating goal-directed actions and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) mediating habitual actions. Presynaptic long-term synaptic depression (LTD) plasticity at glutamatergic inputs to dorsal striatum mediates many dorsal striatum-dependent behaviors and disruption of LTD influences action control. Our previous work identified mu opioid receptors (MORs) as mediators of synapse-specific forms of synaptic depression at a number of different DLS synapses. We demonstrated that anterior insular cortex inputs are the sole inputs that express alcohol-sensitive MOR-mediated LTD (mOP-LTD) in DLS. Here, we explore mOP-LTD in DMS using mouse brain slice electrophysiology. We found that contrary to DLS, DMS mOP-LTD is induced by activation of MORs at inputs from both anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices as well as at basolateral amygdala inputs and striatal cholinergic interneuron synapses on to DMS medium spiny neurons, suggesting that MOR synaptic plasticity in DMS is less synapse-specific than in DLS. Furthermore, only mOP-LTD at cortical inputs was sensitive to alcohol’s deleterious effects. These results suggest that alcohol-induced neuroadaptations are differentially expressed in a synapse-specific manner and could be playing a role in alterations of goal-directed and habitual behaviors.
Use of silica-based homogeneously distributed gold nickel
nanohybrid as a stable nanocatalyst for the hydrogen production from the dimethylamine
borane
Authors: Alptekin Oznur , Sen Betul , Savk Aysun , Ercetin Umran , Mustafov Sibel Demiroglu , Fellah Mehmet Ferdi , Sen Fatih 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, the effects of silica-based gold-nickel
(AuNi@SiO2) nanohybrid to the production of hydrogen from
dimethylamine borane (DMAB) were investigated. AuNi@SiO2
nanohybrid constructs were prepared as nanocatalysts for the dimethylamine borane
dehydrogenation. The prepared nanohybrid structures were exhibited high catalytic
activity and a stable form. The resulting nanohybrid,
AuNi@SiO2 as a nanocatalyst, was tested in the hydrogen
evolution from DMAB at room temperature. The synthesized nanohybrids were
characterized using some analytical techniques. According to the results of the
characterization, it was observed that the catalyst was in nanoscale and the
gold-nickel alloys showed a homogenous distribution on the
SiO2 surface. After characterization, the turn over
frequency (TOF) of nanohybrid prepared for the production of hydrogen from
dimethylamine was calculated (546.9 h−1). Also, the
prepared nanohybrid can be used non-observed a significant decrease in activity even
after the fifth use, in the same reaction. In addition, the activation energy
(Ea) of the reaction of DMAB catalyzed
AuNi@SiO2 nanohybrid was found to be 16.653 ± 1
kJmol−1 that facilitated the catalytic reaction.
Furthermore, DFT-B3LYP calculations were used on the
AuNi@SiO2 cluster to investigate catalyst activity.
Computational results based on DFT obtained in the theoretical part of the study
support the experimental data.
The effect of monocular occlusion on hippocampal c-Fos expression in domestic chicks (Gallus gallus)
Authors: Morandi-Raikova Anastasia , Mayer Uwe 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn birds, like in mammals, the hippocampus is particularly sensitive to exposure to novel environments, a function that is based on visual input. Chicks’ eyes are placed laterally and their optic fibers project mainly to the contralateral brain hemispheres, with only little direct interhemispheric coupling. Thus, monocular occlusion has been frequently used in chicks to document functional specialization of the two hemispheres. However, we do not know whether monocular occlusion influences hippocampal activation. The aim of the present work was to fill this gap by directly testing this hypothesis. To induce hippocampal activation, chicks were exposed to a novel environment with their left or right eye occluded, or in conditions of binocular vision. Their hippocampal expression of c-Fos (neural activity marker) was compared to a baseline group that remained in a familiar environment. Interestingly, while the hippocampal activation in the two monocular groups was not different from the baseline, it was significantly higher in the binocular group exposed to the novel environment. This suggest that the representation of environmental novelty in the hippocampus of domestic chicks involves strong binocular integration.
Oxygenation Profiles of Human Blood, Cell Culture Medium, and Water for Perfusion of 3D-Bioprinted Tissues using the FABRICA Bioreactor Platform
Authors: Chen Angela M. , Lashmet Matthew , Isidan Abdulkadir , Sterner Jane L. , Walsh Julia , Koehler Cutter , Li Ping , Ekser Burcin , Smith Lester 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPersistent and saturated oxygen distribution from perfusion media (i.e., blood, or cell culture media) to cells within cell-dense, metabolically-active biofabricated tissues is required to keep them viable. Improper or poor oxygen supply to cells within the tissue bulk severely limits the tissue culturing potential of many bioreactors. We added an oxygenator module to our modular FABRICA bioreactor in order to provide stable oxygenation to biofabricated tissues during culture. In this proof of concept study of an oxygenated and perfused bioreactor, we characterized the oxygenation of water, cell culture medium, and human blood in the FABRICA as functions of augmenting vacuum (air inlet) pressure, perfusion (volumetric flow) rate, and tubing/oxygenator components. The mean oxygen levels for water and cell culture media were 27.7 ± 2.1% and 27.6 ± 4.1%, respectively. The mean oxygen level for human blood was 197.0 ± 90.0 mmHg, with near-physiologic levels achieved with low-permeability PharMed tubing alone (128.0 ± 14.0 mmHg). Hematologic values pre- and post-oxygenation, respectively were (median ± IQR): Red blood cell: 6.0 ± 0.5 (106/μL) and 6.5 ± 0.4 (106/μL); Hemoglobin: 17.5 ± 1.2 g/dL and 19.2 ± 3.0 g/dL; and Hematocrit: 56.7 ± 2.4% and 61.4 ± 7.5%. The relative stability of the hematologic parameters indicates that blood function and thus blood cell integrity were maintained throughout oxygenation. Already a versatile research tool, the now oxygenated FABRICA provides easy-to-implement,in vivo-like perfusion and stable oxygenation culture conditionsinvitro semi-independently of one another, which means the bioreactor has the potential to serve as a platform for investigating the behavior of 3D tissue models (regardless of biofabrication method), performing drug toxicity-testing, and testing pharmaceutical efficacy/safety.
Transcriptome profile analysis of two Vicia faba cultivars with contrasting salinity tolerance during seed germination
Authors: Yang Fangwen , Chen Hongwei , Liu Changyan , Li Li , Liu Liangjun , Han Xuesong , Wan Zhenghuang , Sha Aihua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFaba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important food legume crop. Salinity soils severely constrain the production of faba bean, however, the seed germination of faba bean, which is a vital plant growth stage, is sensitive to salinity. Planting improved varieties of faba bean, which exhibit salt tolerance in seed germination stage, is an optimal strategy for faba bean product. To investigate the genes dynamics during the seed germination stage under salinity, RNA-seq method was used to investigate genome-wide transcription profiles of two faba bean varieties with contrast salt-tolerance during the seed germination. A total of 4,486 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among the comparison of salt-tolerant variety Y134 and salt-sensitive variety Y078 treated with salinity or not. Of these, 1,410 candidate DEGs were identified as salt-stress response genes. Furthermore, 623 DEGs were identified as variety-specific response gene during seed germination at 16 h or 24 h with salt treatment. Based on the pathway enrichment according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (KEGG), these DEGs involving in cell wall loosening (e.g., xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase, chitinase, and expansin), hormone metabolism (e.g., LEA genes, genes associated with ABA or ethylene signal pathway), chromatin remodeling (e.g., chromatin structure proteins, LHP1), small interfering RNA pathway, etc., were significantly up-regulated in salt-tolerance variety with salt treatment, indicating that they play critical roles in regulation of seed germination. The results indicated that a clearer mechanism of gene regulation that regulates the seed germination responding to salinity in faba bean. These findings are helpful to increase the understanding of the salt tolerance mechanism of crops during seed germination, and provide valuable genetic resource for the breeding of salt-tolerant faba bean varieties in future.