bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiating Hexagonal MoO3 for Superb‐Stable and Fast NH4+ Storage Based on Hydrogen Bond Chemistry
Authors: Liang Guojin , Wang Yanlei , Huang Zhaodong , Mo Funian , Li Xinliang , Yang Qi , Wang Donghong , Li Hongfei , Chen Shimou , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNonmetallic ammonium (NH4+) ions are applied as charge carriers for aqueous batteries, where hexagonal MoO3 is initially investigated as an anode candidate for NH4+ storage. From experimental and first‐principle calculated results, the battery chemistry proceeds with reversible building–breaking behaviors of hydrogen bonds between NH4+ and tunneled MoO3 electrode frameworks, where the ammoniation/deammoniation mechanism is dominated by nondiffusion‐controlled pseudocapacitive behavior. Outstanding electrochemical performance of MoO3 for NH4+ storage is delivered with 115 mAh g−1 at 1 C and can retain 32 mAh g−1 at 150 C. Furthermore, it remarkably exhibits ultralong and stable cyclic performance up to 100 000 cycle with 94% capacity retention and high power density of 4170 W kg−1 at 150 C. When coupled with CuFe prussian blue analogous (PBA) cathode, the full ammonium battery can deliver decent energy density 21.3 Wh kg−1 and the resultant flexible ammonium batteries at device level are also pioneeringly developed for potential realistic applications.
Widely Tunable Optical and Thermal Properties of Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2
Authors: Chorsi Hamid T. , Yue Shengying , Iyer Prasad P. , Goyal Manik , Schumann Timo , Stemmer Susanne , Liao Bolin , Schuller Jon A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a detailed analysis of the temperature‐dependent optical properties of epitaxially grown cadmium arsenide (Cd3As2), a newly discovered 3D Dirac semimetal is reported. Fermi level tuning—instigated from Pauli‐blocking in the linear Dirac cone—and varying Drude response, generate large variations in the mid‐ and far‐infrared optical properties. Thermo‐optic shifts larger than those of traditional III–V semiconductors are demonstrated. Electron scattering rate, plasma frequency edge, Fermi level shift, optical conductivity, and electron effective mass analysis of Cd3As2 thin‐films are quantified and discussed in detail. The ab initio density functional study and experimental analysis of epitaxially grown Cd3As2 promise applications for nanophotonic and nanoelectronic devices, such as reconfigurable metamaterials and metasurfaces, nanoscale thermal emitters, and on‐chip directional antennas.
Recent Advances of 2D Materials in Nonlinear Photonics and Fiber Lasers
Authors: Liu Wenjun , Liu Mengli , Liu Ximei , Wang Xiaoting , Deng Hui‐Xiong , Lei Ming , Wei Zhongming , Wei Zhiyi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe explosive success of graphene opens a new era of ultrathin 2D materials. It has been realized that the van der Waals layered materials with atomic and less atomic thickness can not only exist stably, but also exhibit unique and technically useful properties including small size effect, surface effect, macro quantum tunnel effect, and quantum effect. With the extensive research and revealing of the basic optical properties and new photophysical properties of 2D materials, a series of potential applications in optical devices have been continuously demonstrated and realized, which immediately roused an upsurge of study in the academic circle. Therefore, the application of 2D materials as broadband, efficient, convenient, and versatile saturable absorbers in ultrafast lasers is a potential and promising field. Herein, the main preparation methods of 2D materials are reviewed and technical guidelines for identifying and characterizing layered 2D materials are provided. After investigating the characteristics of 2D materials thoroughly in nonlinear optics, their performances in fiber lasers are comprehensively summarized according to the types of materials. Finally, some developmental challenges, potential prospects, and future research directions are summarized and presented for such promising materials.
Impact of cover crop on corn–soybean productivity and soil water dynamics under different seasonal rainfall patterns
Authors: Yang Wei , Feng Gary , Read John J. , Ouyang Ying , Han Jianjun , Li Pinfang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe effect of cover crop (CC) on soil water balance and agricultural production is closely related to rainfall amount and distribution in rainfed cropping systems. This study used the root zone water quality model, RZWQM2, calibrated and validated with 4‐yr field measurements to predict the effect of planting a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) CC in a no‐till rainfed corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation on soil water balance, crop yield, and grain water‐use efficiency (WUE) in northeast Mississippi. Seasonal rainfall for 80 consecutive years (1938–2017) was classified as ‘wet,’ ‘normal,’ and ‘dry’ years using frequency analysis, and the data sets matched chronologically to wheat, corn, and soybean growth periods were used as an input parameter in RZWQM2 simulations. During autumn and spring (early October to early April), the CC reduced deep drainage by 69 (11%), 53 (15%), and 51 mm (21%) in wet, normal, and dry years, respectively. Averaged across 40 yr, the CC decreased surface evaporation by 64 (32%) and 38 mm (24%) for corn and soybean growth periods, respectively. Wheat CC also improved soil water storage in early crop growth period during April–June in any of the three rainfall patterns. Regardless of rainfall patterns, the increase in WUE can be attributed to a decrease in evapotranspiration during cash crop period without sacrificing cash crop yield in the CC system. Introducing CC into cropping systems is beneficial to reduce annual deep drainage and evaporation while maintaining higher crop yields under different rainfall patterns.
Behavioral phenotype of 49,XXXXY syndrome: Presence of anxiety‐related symptoms and intact social awareness
Authors: Lasutschinkow Patricia C. , Gropman Andrea L. , Porter Grace F. , Sadeghin Teresa , Samango‐Sprouse Carole A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract49,XXXXY is a rare X and Y chromosome variation that occurs in 1:85,000 to 1:100,000 live male births and is notable for variable motor, speech, and behavioral deficits. Case studies have described boys with this disorder as shy, impulsive, and aggressive with low frustration tolerances; however, previous studies have been limited due to cohort size. This study reports on the largest cohort of boys with 49,XXXXY to date with an emphasis on the prevalence of anxiety‐related symptoms and sociability from preschool to adolescence. The Child Behavior Checklist, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, 2nd edition, and Social Responsiveness Scale, 2nd edition were completed by parents on a cohort of 69. The cohort demonstrated deficits in social cognition and communication beginning in preschool, however, presented with consistent social awareness and motivation for social activities not previously appreciated in this disorder. In addition, signs of anxiety presented during preschool years and increased in severity with age, particularly in internalizing problems. Boys with 49,XXXXY presented with wide behavioral variability across all ages and domains. Further research into the potential influences of culture, birth order, biological treatment, and frequency of services is needed to better define the behavioral phenotype of children with this disorder.
An observer‐based exponential synchronization scheme for chaotic systems: Using advanced encryption standard as auxiliary
Authors: Hsiao Feng‐Hsiag 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, we present a methodology of systematic design of an improved genetic algorithm (IGA)‐based secure communication in multiple time‐delay chaotic (MTDC) systems with advanced encryption standard (AES) and optimal H∞ performance. To hide the message contents via chaotic signals, various approaches have been developed. Nevertheless, the attacks proposed in many studies have demonstrated that most of these approaches are not secure or have a low security. Therefore, in order to enhance the overall security, this work endeavors to combine chaotic synchronization with AES algorithm. The encryption method not only increases the strength of the communications system, but effectively protects the encrypted message as well. Finally, a numerical example is provided to show the achievements of this study.
Validation of a de‐immunization strategy for monoclonal antibodies using cynomolgus macaque as a surrogate for human
Authors: Kovalova Natalia , Boyles Jeffrey , Wen Yi , Witcher Derrick R. , Brown‐Augsburger Patricia L. , Wroblewski Victor J. , Chlewicki Lukasz K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe immunogenicity of biotherapeutics presents a major challenge during the clinical development of new protein drugs including monoclonal antibodies. To address this, multiple humanization and de‐immunization techniques that employ in silico algorithms and in vitro test systems have been proposed and implemented. However, the success of these approaches has been variable and to date, the ability of these techniques to predict immunogenicity has not been systematically tested in humans or other primates. This study tested whether antibody humanization and de‐immunization strategies reduce the risk of anti‐drug antibody (ADA) development using cynomolgus macaque as a surrogate for human. First human–cyno chimeric antibodies were constructed by grafting the variable domains of the adalimumab and golimumab monoclonal antibodies onto cynomolgus macaque IgG1 and Igκ constant domains followed by framework germlining to cyno to reduce the xenogenic content. Next, B and T cell epitopes and aggregation‐prone regions were identified using common in silico methods to select domains with an ADA risk for additional modification. The resultant engineered antibodies had a comparable affinity for TNFα, demonstrated similar biophysical properties, and exhibited significantly reduced ADA levels in cynomolgus macaque compared with the parental antibodies, with a corresponding improvement in the pharmacokinetic profile. Notably, plasma concentrations of the engineered antibodies were quantifiable through 504 hours (chimeric) and 840 hours (germlined/de‐immunized), compared with only 336 hours (adalimumab) or 336–672 hours (golimumab). The results point to the significant value in the investment in these engineering strategies as an important guide for monoclonal antibody optimization that can contribute to improved clinical outcomes.
Quality transitivity of Danhong Huayu Koufuye: A study on chemical profiles of medicinal herbs, compound preparation and dosed rat plasma using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Hongbing , Wu Xin , Liu Xinyi , Xu Jun , Gong Suxiao , Han Yanqi , Zhang Tiejun , Liu Changxiao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDanhong Huayu Koufuye (DHK), an effective Chinese medicine preparation, is mainly used for the treatment of blurred vision and sudden blindness caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis, as well as the absorption period of central retinal vein occlusion. However, the current quality standard is relatively low, only stipulating the content of protocatechualdehyde. Chemical transitivity is the basis for discovering quality markers and is used in quality process control of Chinese medicines. Herein, the chemical profiles of seven medicinal herbs, DHK and dosed rat plasma were comprehensively analyzed using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. As a result, 134 chemical constituents were identified in seven medicinal herbs, including salvianolic acids, diterpene quinones, phenolic acids, phthalides, cyanogenic glycosides, flavonoids and triterpenoid saponins. Among them, 55 chemical constituents were transferred to DHK along with extraction and preparation, and 26 were further absorbed into blood and metabolized to produce 11 metabolites after oral administration. The transitivity of DHK from medicinal herbs to compound preparation and into blood was analyzed for the first time. This article will be valuable to ascertain the quality markers for quality process control and further pharmacokinetic studies.
Microsurgical reconstruction of congenital upper extremity deformities of malformations
Authors: Takamoto Koji , Tsai Tsu‐Min 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present two rare microsurgical reconstructions. A case with phocomelia was treated with lengthening of soft tissues following vascularized fibula grafting with epiphysis, and a case with cleft hand was reconstructed with spare‐part toe transfer.
Ag Electrodeposited on Cu Open‐Cell Foams for the Selective Electroreduction of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Sanghez de Luna Giancosimo , Ho Phuoc Hoang , Lolli Alice , Ospitali Francesca , Albonetti Stefania , Fornasari Giuseppe , Benito Patricia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe electrocatalytic conversion of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a biomass platform molecule, to 2,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF), a polymer precursor, is a fully sustainable route that operates at room temperature and pressure, using water as source of hydrogen, and avoids high H2 pressures. In this work, we investigate the use of 3D electrocatalysts, made by Ag0 electrodeposited on Cu open‐cell foams (Ag/Cu), to improve the efficiency in the electrochemical conversion of HMF to BHMF in basic media at different HMF concentrations. For comparison purposes, Ag and Cu bulk foams as well as Ag, Cu and Ag/Cu foil counterparts are investigated. For diluted 0.02 M HMF solutions, BHMF is selectively produced at high HMF conversion and FE over Ag/Cu foams. The large surface area of 3D Ag/Cu foams, compared to their 2D counterparts, does not affect selectivity, but increases the rate of conversion and in turn the productivity. However, it would appear that the increase in the surface area is not enough to increase the efficiency in the conversion of more concentrated HMF electrolytes (0.05–0.50 M). The productivity of Ag/Cu is modified with electrocatalytic cycles.
Selektive Partikelklassierung in ultraschallangeregten Aerosolen
Authors: Sandmann Krischan , Fritsching Udo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz zur Trennung und Klassierung feinster Partikeln in einer Gasphase beschrieben. Herkömmliche Trennverfahren stoßen für kleinste Partikeln (< 10 µm) an ihre Grenzen, da ihr Trennmechanismus oftmals aus der Dominanz der Volumenkräfte hervorgeht. Ein Ansatz, der die Klassierung feinster Partikeln in einem Aerosol erlaubt, wird vorgestellt und mittels analytischer Modellierung verifiziert. Dieses alternative Trennverfahren liefert eine sehr gute Trennschärfe und bietet die Aussicht, in Partikelgrößenbereichen, in denen bisher nur analytische Labormethoden zur Verfügung stehen, technisch relevante Durchsätze zu verarbeiten.
Discovery of a Class of Potent and Selective Non‐competitive Sentrin‐Specific Protease 1 Inhibitors
Authors: Lindenmann Urs , Brand Michael , Gall Flavio , Frasson David , Hunziker Lukas , Kroslakova Ivana , Sievers Martin , Riedl Rainer 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSentrin‐specific proteases (SENPs) are responsible for the maturation of small ubiquitin‐like modifiers (SUMOs) and the deconjugation of SUMOs from their substrate proteins. Studies on prostate cancer revealed an overexpression of SENP1, which promotes prostate cancer progression as well as metastasis. Therefore, SENP1 has been identified as a novel drug target against prostate cancer. Herein, we report the discovery and biological evaluation of potent and selective SENP1 inhibitors. A structure‐activity relationship (SAR) of the newly identified pyridone scaffold revealed allosteric inhibitors with very attractive in vitro ADMET properties regarding plasma binding and plasma stability for this challenging target. This study also emphasizes the importance of biochemical mode of inhibition studies for de novo designed inhibitors.
Neural coding of action in three dimensions: Task‐ and time‐invariant reference frames for visuospatial and motor‐related activity in parietal area V6A
Authors: Hadjidimitrakis Kostas , Ghodrati Masoud , Breveglieri Rossella , Rosa Marcello G. P. , Fattori Patrizia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGoal‐directed movements involve a series of neural computations that compare the sensory representations of goal location and effector position, and transform these into motor commands. Neurons in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) control several effectors (e.g., eye, hand, foot) and encode goal location in a variety of spatial coordinate systems, including those anchored to gaze direction, and to the positions of the head, shoulder, or hand. However, there is little evidence on whether reference frames depend also on the effector and/or type of motor response. We addressed this issue in macaque PPC area V6A, where previous reports using a fixate‐to‐reach in depth task, from different starting arm positions, indicated that most units use mixed body/hand‐centered coordinates. Here, we applied singular value decomposition and gradient analyses to characterize the reference frames in V6A while the animals, instead of arm reaching, performed a nonspatial motor response (hand lift). We found that most neurons used mixed body/hand coordinates, instead of “pure” body‐, or hand‐centered coordinates. During the task progress the effect of hand position on activity became stronger compared to target location. Activity consistent with body‐centered coding was present only in a subset of neurons active early in the task. Applying the same analyses to a population of V6A neurons recorded during the fixate‐to‐reach task yielded similar results. These findings suggest that V6A neurons use consistent reference frames between spatial and nonspatial motor responses, a functional property that may allow the integration of spatial awareness and movement control.
Absolute Bioavailability of Vemurafenib in Patients With BRAFV600 Mutation–Positive Malignancies
Authors: Zhang Weijiang , Colburn Dawn , Simmons Brian , Papai Zsuzsanna , Bertran Enric , Schadt Simone , Husser Christophe , Forbes Harper , Roethlisberger Dieter , Hartung Thomas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVemurafenib is a BRAF kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of patients with BRAFV600 mutation–positive unresectable or metastatic melanoma and Erdheim‐Chester disease. This phase 1, open‐label, single‐arm study was designed to estimate absolute bioavailability of oral vemurafenib at steady state and to characterize the pharmacokinetics of a single intravenous microdose of 14C‐labeled vemurafenib in patients with BRAFV600 mutation–positive malignancies. Patients received oral vemurafenib 960 mg twice daily on days 1 through 28, with a single intravenous infusion of 14C‐labeled vemurafenib solution (3 mL, corresponding to a radioactive dose of 18.5 kBq and a vemurafenib dose of 20 µg) given on the morning of day 21, immediately following the morning dose of oral vemurafenib. A total of 6 patients were enrolled. Four patients who received 14C‐labeled vemurafenib infusion were included in the pharmacokinetic and bioavailability analyses. Geometric mean absolute bioavailability of oral vemurafenib at steady state, calculated as the ratio of dose‐normalized area under the curve during the dosing interval (AUCτ) following oral vemurafenib dose to dose‐normalized AUC from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC0‐inf) following vemurafenib intravenous dose, was 57.8%. The majority of radioactivity (geometric mean 41%) was recovered in feces, and a small proportion (geometric mean 1.4%) was recovered in urine. Treatment‐emergent adverse events occurred in 5 of 6 (83%) patients and were all grade 1/2 in severity, except for 1 grade‐4 anaphylactic reaction occurring during infusion of 14C‐labeled vemurafenib, which was thought to be related to the excipient polysorbate 80 in the intravenous formulation.
Analysis of nonidealities of N‐path circuits using impulse response
Authors: Mohammadpour Amin , Nabavi Abdolreza 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThis paper presents a new method to analyze nonidealities of N‐path circuits. This method utilizes Fourier transform of the impulse response of an N‐path circuit in the time domain to calculate the transfer functions. The time domain analysis makes the method simple and intuitive. Instead of conventional sophisticated calculations, this method limits the analysis to some integral calculations. This analysis can take into account two common nonidealities: parallel capacitance and overlapping clocks. The accuracy of the analysis is verified by simulations for both cases. Further, the analysis has been expanded to differential filters.
Hop distance–based bandwidth allocation technique for elastic optical networks
Authors: Mavridopoulos Stathis B. , Beletsioti Georgia , Nicopolitidis Petros , Papadimitriou Georgios I. , Varvarigos Emmanouel 
Published: February 2020

SummaryElastic optical networks (EON) have emerged as a solution to the growing needs of the future internet, by allowing for greater flexibility, spectrum efficiency, and scalability, when compared to WDM solutions. EONs achieve those improvements through finer spectrum allocation granularity. However, due to the continuity and contiguity constrains, distant connections that are routed through multiple hops suffer from increased bandwidth blocking probability (BBP), while more direct connections are easier to form. This paper proposes HopWindows, a novel method that strategically allocates bandwidth to connections based on their hop distance. This new algorithm applies masks that control the range of frequency slots (FSs) allocated to each n‐hop connection. Furthermore, a new network metric is introduced, the normalized bandwidth blocking probability (normalized BBP). Utilization of this metric ensures increased fairness to distant connections. Extended simulation results are presented which indicate that the proposed HopWindows method achieves a superior performance over the well‐known FirstFit algorithm. The proposed algorithm may achieve a decrease in bandwidth blocking probability of up to 50%.