bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Vaginal Microablative Fractional CO2 Laser Treatment on Vaginal Cytology
Authors: Takacs Peter , Sipos Attila Gergely , Kozma Bence , Cunningham Tina D. , Larson Kindra , Lampé Rudolf , Poka Robert 
Published: January 2020

Background and ObjectivesMost recently vaginal laser treatment was introduced as a new option for women with genitourinary syndrome of menopause, vaginal dryness. Our objective was to assess the effects of intravaginal CO2 laser treatment on vaginal cytology.Study Design/Materials and MethodsFifty‐two women with symptoms of vaginal dryness were enrolled and underwent vaginal laser treatment using a fractional CO2 laser. Patients received three vaginal laser treatments 4 weeks apart. Vaginal cytology was obtained before the first treatment and 4 weeks after each additional treatment. Vaginal dryness was assessed by using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS).ResultsOut of the 52 women enrolled, 34 were in menopause. Postmenopausal women had significantly lower vaginal maturation values (VMV) compared with premenopausal women at the baseline visit (mean ± standard deviation [SD], 42 ± 23 vs. 68 ± 13, P < 0.01). The vaginal dryness VAS was higher (worse) in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal cases (mean ± SD, 5.7 ± 4 vs. 2.4 ± 3, P < 0.01). The VMV did not change significantly over time after vaginal laser treatment. However vaginal dryness VAS improved significantly after each treatment. Both in the premenopausal and postmenopausal groups, vaginal dryness scores improved significantly from baseline after the three treatments (postmenopausal 5.7 ± 4 vs. 1.6 ± 2.5, P < 0.01 and premenopausal 2.4 ± 3 vs. 0.2 ± 0.5, P < 0.01). Those patients who had improvement in VMV had significantly better (lower) dryness VAS compared with those women without an improvement in VMV after the three treatments (mean ± SD, 0.3 ± 0.8 vs. 1.6 ± 2.6, P = 0.04).ConclusionsVaginal dryness VAS improved significantly in a cohort of premenopausal and postmenopausal women undergoing vaginal CO2 laser treatment despite no significant change in vaginal cytology. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tool to Aid Patients in Selecting a Liver Transplant Center
Authors: Schaffhausen Cory R. , Bruin Marilyn J. , Chu Sauman , Fu Helen , McKinney Warren T. , Schladt David , Snyder Jon J. , Kim W. Ray , Lake Jack R. , Kasiske Bertram L. , Israni Ajay K. 
Published: January 2020

Variations in candidate and donor acceptance criteria may influence access and mortality for liver transplantation. We sought to understand how recipient and donor characteristics vary across centers and how patients interpret this information, and we used these data to develop a tool to provide tailored information to candidates seeking a center (www.transplantcentersearch.org). We analyzed liver recipient data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients to determine how recipient and donor characteristics (eg, age, Medicaid use, and human immunodeficiency virus status) varied across programs. Data included recipients and donors at each US program between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2017. The variation in characteristics was plotted with centers stratified by total transplant volume and by volume of each characteristic. A subset of characteristics was plotted to show variation over 3 years. We created mockups of potential reports displaying recipient characteristics alongside pretransplant and posttransplant outcomes and solicited feedback at patient and family interviews and focus groups, which included 39 individuals: 10 pilot interviews with candidates seeking liver transplant at the University of Minnesota‐Fairview (UMNF) and 5 focus groups with 13 UMNF candidates, 6 UMNF family members, and 10 national recipients. Transcripts were analyzed using a thematic analysis. Several themes emerged: (1) Candidates experience gaps in existing education about center options; (2) patients requested information about how selection criteria might impact access to transplant; and (3) information tailored to a candidate’s medical characteristics can inform decisions. Characteristics shown on mockups varied across centers (P < 0.01). Variation was widespread for small and large centers. In conclusion, variation exists in recipient and donor characteristics across centers. Liver transplant patients provide positive feedback upon viewing patient‐specific search tools.
The effects of online negative word‐of‐mouth on dissatisfied customers: A frustration–aggression perspective
Authors: Azemi Yllka , Ozuem Wilson , Howell Kerry E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractConceptualizing how customers construe online negative word‐of‐mouth (nWOM) following failure experiences remains unsettled, leaving providers with inconclusive recovery strategy programmes. This empirical study recognizes online nWOM as a co‐created encounter between the complainant (i.e., the initiator of the online nWOM) and the recipient (i.e., the consumer who engages with the online nWOM), examining their idiosyncrasies to discern their understanding of the experience. It introduces frustration–aggression theory to online WOM literature, recognizing that it can support a higher‐order understanding of phenomena. Through phenomenological hermeneutics, interviews and focus groups, data were collected from millennials in Albania and Kosovo that provided accounts of nuanced and distinctive online nWOM realities. The emerged insights extended extant theory to a three‐fold online nWOM typology (i.e., lenient online nWOM, moderate online nWOM and severe online nWOM) recognizing the negative impact customers have on a provider, which is controlled by frustration–aggression tags. Frustration–aggression variations across online nWOM led to the construct of three types of customers that engage in online nWOM, namely tolerable online nWOM customers, rigorous online nWOM customers and confrontational online nWOM customers. Findings culminated with satisfactory recovery strategies aligned to customer inferences regardless of the nWOM context.
Loss‐of‐Function Mutations in NR4A2 Cause Dopa‐Responsive Dystonia Parkinsonism
Authors: Wirth Thomas , Mariani Louise Laure , Bergant Gaber , Baulac Michel , Habert Marie‐Odile , Drouot Nathalie , Ollivier Emmanuelle , Hodžić Alenka , Rudolf Gorazd , Nitschke Patrick , Rudolf Gabrielle , Chelly Jamel , Tranchant Christine , Anheim Mathieu , Roze Emmanuel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe group of dystonia genes is expanding, and mutations of these genes have been associated with various combined dystonia syndromes. Among the latter, the cause of some dystonia parkinsonism cases remains unknown.ObjectiveTo report patients with early‐onset dystonia parkinsonism as a result of loss‐of‐function mutations in nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2.MethodsPhenotypic characterization and exome sequencing were carried out in 2 families.ResultsThe 2 patients reported here both had a history of mild intellectual disability in childhood and subsequently developed dystonia parkinsonism in early adulthood. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was normal, and DATscan suggested bilateral dopaminergic denervation. Two frameshift mutations in NR4A2 were identified: a de novo insertion (NM_006186.3; c.326dupA) in the first case and another small insertion (NM_006186.3; c.881dupA) in the second.ConclusionsNR4A2 haploinsufficiency mutations have been recently reported in neurodevelopmental phenotypes. Our findings indicate that dystonia and/or parkinsonism may appear years after initial symptoms. Mutations in NR4A2 should be considered in patients with unexplained dystonia parkinsonism. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Emulsion Copolymerization of Vinyl Acetate and Vinyl Silanes: Kinetics and Development of Microstructure
Authors: Barquero Aitor , Agirre Amaia , Barandiaran María Jesús , Leiza Jose Ramon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe batch emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate with different vinyl silane functional monomers (vinyl trimethoxysilane [VTMS], vinyl triethoxysilane [VTES], and vinyl silanetriol [VSTO]) is studied. The nature of the silane strongly affects the development of the microstructure and crosslinking ability of the latexes. A combination of techniques (Soxhlet extraction, centrifugation, assymetric‐flow field flow fractionation AF4/MALS/RI) shows that the factor controlling the molar mass and crosslinking density is the degree of hydrolysis of the alkoxysilane, producing higher molar masses and degrees of crosslinking when the degree of hydrolysis is high. Thus, the copolymer containing VSTO produced a very crosslinked latex, the one with VTMS produced a latex with a low degree of crosslinking in the wet state that can yield high degrees of crosslinking upon drying, and the latex with VTES do not produce significant amounts of crosslinking neither before nor after drying.
Fast submillimeter diffusion MRI using gSlider‐SMS and SNR‐enhancing joint reconstruction
Authors: Haldar Justin P. , Liu Yunsong , Liao Congyu , Fan Qiuyun , Setsompop Kawin 
Published: January 2020

PurposeWe evaluate a new approach for achieving diffusion MRI data with high spatial resolution, large volume coverage, and fast acquisition speed.Theory and MethodsA recent method called gSlider‐SMS enables whole‐brain submillimeter diffusion MRI with high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) efficiency. However, despite the efficient acquisition, the resulting images can still suffer from low SNR due to the small size of the imaging voxels. This work proposes to mitigate the SNR problem by combining gSlider‐SMS with a regularized SNR‐enhancing reconstruction approach.ResultsIllustrative results show that, from gSlider‐SMS data acquired over a span of only 25 minutes on a 3T scanner, the proposed method is able to produce 71 MRI images (64 diffusion encoding orientations withb= 1500 s/, and 7 images without diffusion weighting) of the entire in vivo human brain with nominal 0.66 mm spatial resolution. Using data acquired from 75 minutes of acquisition as a gold standard reference, we demonstrate that the proposed SNR‐enhancement procedure leads to substantial improvements in estimated diffusion parameters compared to conventional gSlider reconstruction. Results also demonstrate that the proposed method has advantages relative to denoising methods based on low‐rank matrix modeling. A theoretical analysis of the trade‐off between spatial resolution and SNR suggests that the proposed approach has high efficiency.ConclusionsThe combination of gSlider‐SMS with advanced regularized reconstruction enables high‐resolution quantitative diffusion MRI from a relatively fast acquisition.
Study on wetting deformation characteristics of coarse granular materials and its simulation in core‐wall rockfill dams
Authors: Zhou Xiongxiong , Chi Shichun , Wang Maohua , Jia Yufeng 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe wetting deformation of coarse granular materials is often considered to be an important cause of the core wall rockfill dam cracks during impounding. By analyzing existing research results, this paper proposes a hyperbolic relationship between the wetting axial strain and wetting stress level and puts forwards a warped surface relationship among spherical stress, shear stress, and the ratio of wetting volumetric strain to wetting axial strain. To illustrate its practicability, the wetting strain model's parameter determination process is introduced and the rockfill materials wetting parameters are determined using the triaxial wetting test data. Moreover, the collapse settlement of Guanyinyan rockfill dam during first impounding is numerically simulated using the proposed method to calculate rockfill wetting deformation and verified by field measurements and monitoring data. The results show that the calculative method of wetting deformation proposed in this paper is reasonable and practical; the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill materials would cause an adverse deformation trend, which may lead to crack occurrence at the upstream slope and dam crest; and the Guanyinyan rockfill dam cracks on the top of junction mainly caused by the wetting deformation of upstream rockfill.
Cover Image, Volume 69, Issue 2
Authors: Peng Si , Wang Qiu‐yue , Xiao Xue , Wang Rui , Lin Juan , Zhou Qing‐han , Wu Li‐na 
Published: January 2020

The cover image is based on the Research Article Redox‐responsive PEI‐coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for controllable gene delivery and magnetic resonance imaging by Si Peng et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.5943.
imageCover image © Qinghan Zhou Images.
Controllable embedding of size‐selected copper nanoparticles into polymer films
Authors: Bonde Hans Christian , Fojan Peter , Popok Vladimir N. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe ability to control the extent of metal nanoparticle (NP) embedding into polymer films has attracted attention for applications in quite a few research branches. In this study, the behavior of size‐selected copper NPs produced by the gas aggregation method and deposited on poly(methyl methacrylate) and polystyrene films is studied under thermal annealing above and below the glass transition temperature. Several important tendencies of the embedding dynamics in terms of dependence on NP size, annealing temperature, and time, as well as the type of polymer, are found and analyzed. Physical models explaining particle behavior and allowing the elaboration of practical recommendations on the controllable embedding of metal NPs into polymer films are suggested.
What matters most? Different stakeholder perspectives on estimands for an invented case study in COPD
Authors: Keene Oliver N. , Ruberg Stephen , Schacht Alexander , Akacha Mouna , Lawrance Rachael , Berglind Anna , Wright David 
Published: January 2020

SummaryIn drug development, we ask ourselves which population, endpoint and treatment comparison should be investigated. In this context, we also debate what matters most to the different stakeholders that are involved in clinical drug development, for example, patients, physicians, regulators and payers. With the publication of draft ICH E9 addendum on estimands in 2017, we now have a common framework and language to discuss such questions in an informed and transparent way. This has led to the estimand discussion being a key element in study development, including design, analysis and interpretation of a treatment effect. At an invited session at the 2018 PSI annual conference, PSI hosted a role‐play debate where the aim of the session was to mimic a regulatory and payer scientific advice discussion for a COPD drug. Including role‐play views from an industry sponsor, a patient, a regulator and a payer. This paper presents the invented COPD case‐study design and considerations relating to appropriate estimands are discussed by each of the stakeholders from their differing viewpoints with the additional inclusion of a technical (academic) perspective. The rationale for each perspective on approaches for handling intercurrent events is presented, with a key emphasis on the application of while‐on‐treatment and treatment policy estimands in this context. It is increasingly recognised that the treatment effect estimated by the treatment policy approach may not always be of primary clinical interest and may not appropriately communicate to patients the efficacy they can expect if they take the treatment as directed.
The evaluation of FY4A's Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) long‐wave temperature sounding channels using the GRAPES global 4D‐Var
Authors: Yin Ruoying , Han Wei , Gao Zhiqiu , Di Di 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe theory of classical variational assimilation assumes that biases are unbiased Gaussian. This article investigates the bias characteristic estimate and the bias correction of Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) on board the FY‐4A satellite. Quality‐control procedures for GIIRS long‐wave temperature channels brightness temperature include cloud detection based on the Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager (AGRI) and outlier removal. The mean biases for most channels are within ±2 K after quality control except for the contaminated channels. Statistical evaluation of the first‐guess departures of GIIRS observations in GRAPES (Global/Regional Assimilation and Prediction Enhanced System) global 4D‐Var reveal that biases for the long‐wave temperature channels depend on fields of view (FOVs) and latitudinal distribution. Additionally, the diurnal variation of biases is obvious only for the upper tropospheric channels, and the biases for high tropospheric channels are smaller than the biases for low tropospheric channels. Finally, off‐line bias correction that was used in this study accounts for the field‐of‐regard (FOR) dependence and the diurnal variation bias characteristics of GIIRS. After bias correction, the results show that biases of long‐wave temperature sounding channels are reduced to ±0.02 K, and the standard deviations are less than 1 K except for the contaminated channels. The probability density function of the differences between observations and simulations for some common assimilation channels is closer to the unbiased Gaussian distribution.
High‐gain nonlinear observer‐based impedance control for deformable object cooperative teleoperation with nonlinear contact model
Authors: Lu Zhenyu , Huang Panfeng , Liu Zhengxiong 
Published: January 2020

SummaryUnmeasurable object deformation and local communication time delays between the slave robots influence the manipulation effect for multirobot multioperator teleoperation. In this article, a distributed control method based on high‐gain nonlinear observer, interactive identification, and impedance control is proposed for this problem. First, we use Hunt‐Crossley contact model and deduce the desired synchronizing object state in cooperative teleoperation. Second, an impedance item expressed by the internal position errors is presented to decrease object position tracking errors. For the unmeasurable object deformation, an interactive identification method is proposed for estimating unknown variables. Third, we consider both varying communication time delays and local time delays in the slave side. Two mirror high‐gain nonlinear observers are designed for estimating other slave robots' real‐time state. Finally, we build the system controllers and prove the stability of the closed‐loop system and the boundless of estimating errors using Lyapunov functions. Comparable simulation results executed by the physical system present that the position and internal force tracking errors of the object decrease in the designated cooperative tasks.
Subcritical Water Extraction of Sesquiterpene Lactones from Inula racemose
Authors: Chi Xiaofeng , Zhang Guoying , Chen Shilong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractInula racemose, a traditional Tibetan medicine with strong antifungal and anti‐inflammatory activities, contains large amounts of sesquiterpene lactones. In the current study, subcritical water extraction was employed for the efficient extraction sesquiterpene lactones from I. racemose. Various parameters, such as extraction time (23.2‐56.8 min), temperature (129.5‐230.5 °C) and SW flow rate (1.3‐4.7 mL/min) was investigated for optimizing the recovery of the targeted compounds. The optimal conditions for SWE were determined as follows: extraction time of 45 min, extraction temperature of 190 °C, and SW flow rate of 3.0 mL/min, and a recovery of 71.97% was achieved. Four sesquiterpene lactone isomers were separated by prep‐HPLC from the SWE extract and identified as igalan, isoalantolactone, alantolactone, and alloantolactone. A comparison of SWE with traditional extraction technologies showed that subcritical water could be a green and efficient substitution for the extraction of sesquiterpene lactones from I. racemose.
Convenient Synthesis of Dihydropyridine and Dihydropyrimidinethione Derivatives Using a Porphyrin Cored G1 PAMAM Dendrimer as a Homogeneous Catalyst
Authors: Avudaiappan G. , Unnikrishnan V. , Sreekumar K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPorphyrin cored poly(amidoamine) (G1 POR‐PAMAM) dendrimer based simple, mild, and selective homogeneous base catalyst was successfully synthesized. It was characterized by different spectral studies including UV‐Vis, FT‐IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The G1 POR‐PAMAM was a very selective and efficient organocatalyst capable of promoting chemical reactions in an environment friendly way with high efficiency. The product selective property of G1 POR‐PAMAM was mainly studied in Biginelli andHantzschpyridine synthesis reactions. The G1 POR‐PAMAM catalyst was acting as a chemical switch for the selective synthesis of pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives exclusively. It was a convenient, green and efficient procedure for the exclusive synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridine, or 3,4‐ dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐thione derivatives using the three‐component coupling reaction of aldehydes, ethylacetoacetate and ammonium thiocyanate. A variety of these compounds were produced in single step by the use of different starting materials. Within 45 minutes, the products were obtained with high yield (92‐99%). The catalyst could be reused upto six reaction cycles without significant loss of its catalytic activity.
Low‐Cost and Scalable Fabrication of Hierarchically Porous N‐Doped Carbon for Energy Storage and Conversion Application
Authors: Sun Zixu , Li Kaibing , Wee Koh See , Jiao Lishi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this work, we successfully synthesize a hierarchical porous N‐doped carbon material via a low‐cost, facile and scalable spray‐drying method followed with subsequent pyrolysis. This unique material delivers excellent electrochemical properties in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) with high reversible capacity and long cycle life and high selectivity for CO2 electrochemical reduction. The good electrochemical performance results from the novel hierarchical porous structure, which is in favor of electrolyte penetration, electron transfer, and structural stability. Furthermore, the porous N‐doped carbon can also support abundant active sites to tailor the physicochemical properties of the body material. The electrode shows good electrochemical properties with reversible capacities of 212.2 mAh g−1 after 1800 cycles for LIBs and 205 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles for SIBs, and a highest faradaic efficiency (FE) of 81.3 % for CO2 reduction. This facile, low‐cost and scalable fabrication process makes the novel hierarchical carbon material as a solid candidate for energy storage and conversion.
Catalytic Oligomerization of Isobutyl Alcohol to Hydrocarbon Liquid Fuels over Acidic Zeolite Catalysts
Authors: Guo Xiaoyu , Guo Lisheng , Suzuki Yuichi , Wu Jinhu , Yoneyama Yoshiharu , Yang Guohui , Tsubaki Noritatsu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCatalytic isobutyl alcohol oligomerization to generate hydrocarbon liquid fuels over zeolite has been investigated over H−Y, SAPO‐34, H‐MOR zeolite and Al‐MCM‐41 catalysts, as a new way to direct conversion of isobutyl alcohol to hydrocarbon liquid fuels, considering the fact that isobutyl alcohol can be obtained from biomass by microbes. In this study, all of the zeolite samples showed good reactivity, especially H‐MOR, achieving 94 % conversion of isobutyl alcohol and 63 % selectivity of C5+ liquid fuels in all products. The effects of reaction conditions including reaction temperature and reaction time were also discussed. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were characterized by XRD, Nitrogen adsorption‐desorption, NH3‐TPD, TG/DTA, and GS/MS. The reaction system discussed here involves two reactions, i) isobutyl alcohol dehydration reaction via a typical acid catalysis, ii) a polymerization reaction of small molecules into large ones, according to the experimental and characterization results, the pore size and acid property of the zeolite are the two main factors controlling this catalytic dehydration and oligomerization reaction.