bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-cycle Fatigue Fracture of Stranded Ropes in Pantographs for Electrically Driven Trucks
Authors: Neidel A. , Giller M. , Wöhl E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFractured wire ropes of a pantograph actuator system for electrical trucks were received from the client. They failed by low cycle fatigue (LCF) fracture during service in a customized test rig. The client reported wide scatter of the number of testing cycles to failure. A laboratory order was placed for a metallurgical failure analysis of the subject stranded ropes, this to derive recommendations for design improvements, so that the minimum number of cycles to failure could be increased, and the scatter decreased.
Endarterectomy for symptomatic internal carotid artery web
Authors: Haynes Joseph , Raz Eytan , Tanweer Omar , Shapiro Maksim , Esparza Rogelio , Zagzag David , Riina Howard A. , Henderson Christine , Lillemoe Kaitlyn , Zhang Cen , Rostanski Sara , Yaghi Shadi , Ishida Koto , Torres Jose , Mac Grory Brian , Nossek Erez 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE
The carotid web (CW) is an underrecognized source of cryptogenic, embolic stroke in patients younger than 55 years of age, with up to 37% of these patients found to have CW on angiography. Currently, there are little data detailing the best treatment practices to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke in these patients. The authors describe their institutional surgical experience with patients treated via carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for a symptomatic internal carotid artery web.

METHODS
A retrospective, observational cohort study was performed including all patients presenting to the authors’ institution with CW. All patients who were screened underwent either carotid artery stenting (CAS) or CEA after presentation with ischemic stroke from January 2019 to February 2020. From this sample, patients with suggestive radiological features and pathologically confirmed CW who underwent CEA were identified. Patient demographics, medical histories, radiological images, surgical results, and clinical outcomes were collected and described using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS
A total of 45 patients with symptomatic carotid lesions were treated at the authors’ institution during the time period. Twenty patients underwent CAS, 1 of them for a CW. Twenty-five patients were treated via CEA, and of these, 6 presented with ischemic strokes ipsilateral to CWs, including 3 patients who presented with recurrent strokes. The mean patient age was 55 ± 12.6 years and 5 of 6 were women. CT angiography or digital subtraction angiography demonstrated the presence of CWs ipsilateral to the stroke in all patients. All patients underwent resection of CWs using CEA. There were no permanent procedural complications and no patients had stroke recurrence following intervention at the latest follow-up (mean 6.1 ± 4 months). One patient developed mild tongue deviation most likely related to retraction, with complete recovery at follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
CEA is a safe and feasible treatment for symptomatic carotid webs and should be considered a viable alternative to CAS in this patient population.
Comparison of robotic-assisted carotid stenting and manual carotid stenting through the transradial approach
Authors: Weinberg Joshua H. , Sweid Ahmad , Sajja Kalyan , Gooch M. Reid , Herial Nabeel , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Jabbour Pascal 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of CorPath GRX robotic-assisted (RA) transradial (TR) carotid artery stenting (CAS) compared with manual TR CAS.

METHODS
The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database and identified 13 consecutive patients who underwent TR CAS from June 2019 through February 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups: RA (6 patients) and manual (7 patients).

RESULTS
Among 6 patients in the RA group with a mean age of 70.0 ± 7.2 years, technical success was achieved in all 6 (100%) procedures; there were no technical or access-site complications and no catheter exchanges. Transfemoral conversion was required in 1 (16.7%) case due to a tortuous aortic arch. There were no perioperative complications, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and mortality. The mean procedure duration was significantly longer in the RA group (85.0 ± 14.3 minutes [95% CI 69.9–100.0] vs 61.2 ± 17.5 minutes [95% CI 45.0–77.4], p = 0.0231). There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics, fluoroscopy time, contrast dose, radiation exposure, catheter exchanges, technical success, transfemoral conversion, technical or access-site complications, myocardial infarction, stroke, other complications, or mortality.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors’ results suggest that RA TR CAS is feasible, safe, and effective. Neurovascular-specific engineering and software modifications are needed prior to complete remote control. Remote control has important implications regarding patient access to lifesaving procedures for conditions such as stroke and aneurysm rupture as well as operative precision. Future clinical investigations among larger cohorts are needed to demonstrate reliable performance and patient benefit.
Acute brain inflammation, white matter oxidative stress, and myelin deficiency in a model of neonatal intraventricular hemorrhage
Authors: Goulding Danielle S. , Vogel R. Caleb , Gensel John C. , Morganti Josh M. , Stromberg Arnold J. , Miller Brandon A. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVENeonatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) leads to posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), brain injury, and long-term disability. Current therapy for IVH is based on treating PHH but does not address the underlying brain injury. In order to develop pharmacological treatment for IVH, there must be a better understanding of the underlying pathology of this disease. This study was designed to determine the time course of the acute inflammation and oxidative stress that may underlie the progressive pathology of IVH. The authors sought to understand the temporal relationships among inflammation, oxidative stress, and white matter pathology in a rat model of IVH.METHODSA rat model of IVH consisting of hemoglobin injection into the lateral ventricle was used. Tissue was analyzed via biochemical and histological methods to map the spatiotemporal distribution of innate immune activation and oxidative stress. White matter was quantified using both immunohistochemistry and Western blot for myelin basic protein (MBP) in the corpus callosum.RESULTSIVH led to acute induction of inflammatory cytokines, followed by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress was concentrated in white matter, adjacent to the lateral ventricles. Animals with IVH initially gained weight at a lower rate than control animals and had larger ventricles and less MBP than control animals.CONCLUSIONSExperimental IVH induces global inflammation throughout the brain and oxidative stress concentrated in the white matter. Both of these phenomena occur early after IVH. This has implications for human neonates with immature white matter that is exquisitely sensitive to inflammation and oxidative stress. Antiinflammatory or antioxidant therapy for IVH may need to be initiated early in order to protect developing white matter.
Early fixation of traumatic spinal fractures and the reduction of complications in the absence of neurological injury: a retrospective cohort study from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program
Authors: Guttman Matthew P. , Larouche Jeremie , Lyons Frank , Nathens Avery B. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVEThe optimal timing of operative stabilization of patients with traumatic spinal fractures without spinal cord injury (SCI) has not been established. The challenges of early operative intervention, which may require prone positioning in a patient with multisystem injuries, must be balanced with the disadvantages of prolonged immobilization. The authors set out to define the optimal timing of surgical repair of traumatic spinal fractures in patients without SCI and the effect of delayed repair on the incidence of major complications.METHODSA retrospective cohort study was conducted using data derived from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program. Adult trauma patients who underwent operative fixation of a spinal fracture within 7 days of admission were included. Patients with SCI were excluded. The primary outcome was the occurrence of a major complication. Secondary outcomes included death and length of stay. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the nonlinear effects of time to spinal fixation and determine a threshold beyond which stabilization was associated with a higher rate of major complications. Logistic regression and propensity score matching were then used to derive estimates for the association between delayed fixation and major complications.RESULTSThe authors identified 19,310 patients treated at 389 centers who met the inclusion criteria. Modeling identified fixation beyond 24 hours as a risk for major complications. Adjusting for potential confounders using multivariable logistic regression showed that late fixation was associated with a 1.30 (95% CI 1.15–1.46) times increased odds of developing a major complication. After propensity score matching, late fixation remained associated with a 1.25 (95% CI 1.13–1.39) times increased risk of experiencing a major complication.CONCLUSIONSIn the absence of clear contraindications, surgeons should strive to stabilize traumatic spinal fractures without SCI within 24 hours. Early fixation can be expected to reduce major complications by 25%–30%.
Translation Assessment of Cultural Legal Terms as Translated from Arabic into English
Authors: Hassoon Ameer Majid , Al-Dahwi Sameer Salih Mehdi 
Published: August 2020

تشمل الثقافة المعرفة والمعتقد والفن والقانون والخُلق والأعراف وأية عادات اجتماعية يكتسبها الإنسان بصفته عضواً في مجتمعه. وتؤدي الاختلافات الثقافية دوراً محورياً في الترجمة بين اللغات. وتشكل المحافظة على القيم الثقافية للغة الاصل في النص المُترجَم مهمة صعبة للمُترجِم.
تقوم هذه الدراسة على تقديم تقييم ترجمي للمصطلحات القانونية الثقافية العربية الصادرة من المحاكم الشرعية المترجمة الى اللغة الانكليزية. وأخذ الباحث المصطلحات من كتاب 'الدليل المعتمد للترجمة القانونية' للكاتب عادل عزام سقف الحيط.
تكمن مشكلة الدراسة في ان المصطلحات القانونية الثقافية العربية الصادرة من المحاكم الشرعية متأصلة في اللغة المنقول منها (اللغة العربية) مما يشكل صعوبة للمترجم في ترجمتها الى اللغة المنقول اليها (اللغة الانكليزية).
Bridge 47 Target 4.7 Roadmap
Authors: 4.7 Bridge 
Published: August 2020

Publication typology: Advocacy tool.
Responsibility: Bridge 47.
Author(s): Bridge 4.7 (with contributions of the participants of the Envision 4.7 Event, Helsinki, 6–7 November 2019).
Language: English.
Publication date: November 2019.
Pages: 4.
Acess: https://www.bridge47.org/node/241
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru dalam Melaksanakan Problem Based Learning melalui Supervisi Akademik di Sekolah
Authors: Erti Maria Tatiana 
Published: August 2020

Proses Pembelajaran pada satuan pendidikan diselenggarakan secara interaktif, inspiratif, menyenangkan, menantang, memotivasi pesertadidik untuk berpartisipasi aktif, serta memberikan ruang yang cukup bagi prakarsa, kreativitas, dan kemandirian sesuai dengan bakat, minat, dan perkembangan fisik serta psikologis peserta didik (Permendiknas nomor 22 tahun 2016). Problem Based Learning merupakan salah satu model yang direkomendasikan dalam Kurikulum 2013untuk memperkuat pendekatan ilmiah (scientific). Kenyataannya, 70% guru Matematika SMP Virgo Fidelisbelum memahami dan melaksanakan model Problem Based Learning secara baik dan benar. Melalui PTS ini, diharapkan dapat membantu guru Matematika dalam; 1) menyusun dan mengembangkan silabus, 2) menyusun dan mengembangkan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran; 3) melaksanakan proses pembelajaran sesuai dengan RPP, dan model PBL.Penelitian tindakan sekolah (PTS) initerdiri dari 2 siklus, yang masing-masing siklus terdiri dari perencanaan (planning); tindakan (acting); observasi (observing); dan refleksi (reflecting), kemudian berlanjut dengan perencanaan ulang (replanning), tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi untuk siklus berikutnya (Arikunto (2011:16). Dari kondisi awal (pra siklus) ketercapaianpelaksananan PBL masih 44,44, setelah dilaksanakan tindakan siklus I meningkat menjadi 62,50 dengan kategori cukup. Melalui fokus pada indikator yangbelum terpenuhidijadikan bahan kajian untuk menentukan tindakan pada siklus II. Hasil evaluasi pada Siklus II, menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan guru-guru Matematika melaksanakan PBL meningkat menjadi 86,11 dengan kategor Sangat Baik. Hasil PTSmenunjukkan melalui supervisi akademik dan pendampingan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam melaksanakan model Problem Based Learning dengan baik.
Peningkatan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Guided Note Taking Bervariasi pada Mata Pelajaran PKn
Authors: Turyanto Joko 
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan strategi pembelajaran Guided Note Taking bervariasi untuk meningkatkan Aktivitas dan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran PKn topik usaha pembelaan negara bagi siswa kelas IXB SMP Negeri 1 Wonosegoro semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2017/2018.Di dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, yaitu mendiskripsikan data dan menginterprestasikan data. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan oleh peneliti secara langsung.Setting yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu kelas IXB SMP Negeri 1 Wonosegoro semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 yang merupakan satu di antara tujuh kelas IX secara paralel yang memiliki kemampuan Aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa rendah. Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tes dan non tes. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar pengamatan dan butir-butir soal. Untuk mengetahui keefektifan proses pembelajaran yang menerapkan strategi pembelajaran Guided Note Taking bervariasi ini, peneliti dan kolaboratur melakukan pengamatan selama proses pembelajaran. Sedangkan validitas data menggunakan content validity dan triangulasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif komparatif dan kualitatif. Indikator kinerja yang diharapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) meningkatnya Aktivitas siswa dari kondisi awal rata-rata 27,33% menjadi 42,67% pada siklus I, dan 72,67% pada siklus II. 2) meningkatnya hasil belajar dari kondisi awal rata-rata kelas 73,04 menjadi 80,00 pada siklus I dan 85,00 pada siklus II.Setelah dilakukan pengumpulan dan analisis data, dalam penelitian ini diperoleh hasil yang signifikan. Dari hasil penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran Guided Note Taking bervariasi dapat meningkatkan meningkatkan: 1) Aktivitas siswa dari kondisi awal yang rata-ratanya hanya 27,33% menjadi 42,67% pada siklus I, dan 72,67% pada siklus II. Terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan dalam ketercapaian aktifitas siswa dari 56,12% dari siklus I naik menjadi 70,31% disikklus II. 2) hasil belajar yaitu dari kondisi awal nilai rata-rata kelas 73,04 menjadi 82,14 pada siklus I dan 86,07 pada siklus II. Meningkatnya Aktivitas dan rata-rata nilai hasil belajar di dalam kelas, menunjukkan peningkatan terhadap Aktivitas dan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan topik usaha pembelaan Negara bagi siswa kelas IXB SMP Negeri 1 Wonosegoro semester 1 tahun pelajaran 2017/2018.
МЕТАЛОГІДРИДНИЙ АКУМУЛЯТОР-КОМПРЕСОР ВОДНЮ З АВТОМАТИЧНОЮ СИСТЕМОЮ УПРАВЛІННЯ ТА КОНТРОЛЮ
Authors: Ткач Михайло Романович , Тимошевський Борис Георгійович , Проскурін Аркадій Юрійович , Галинкін Юрій Миколайович 
Published: August 2020

A project of metal hydride hydrogen compressor is presented, which can be used as an element of refueling complexes, hydrogen storage and compression systems. The capacity of the developed sample is 40 kg of hydrogen, the mass is 4,8 ton, and the maximum compression pressure is 15 MPa. The base metal hydride material on the basis of which this compressor battery model is developed is LaNi4.5Al0.5. the sorption capacity of hydrogen of which is determined experimentally, and is at least 1.38 % by weight. A feature of the developed compressor battery is the use of air cooling, the presence of an automatic monitoring and control system, I allow a number of operations to be performed in automatic mode, and the use of software, electrical and automatic protection against overpressure. Each accumulator-compressor is made in the form of a steel box in which six blocks (capsules) are placed. The block, respectively, is made in the form of a steel coaxial multilayer cylinder, on the outer side of which there is a heating element and a layer of thermal insulation. In the middle of the cylinder is a sealed capsule filled with metal hydride material. Capsules are interconnected with the collector through a piping system. Also, the piping system is equipped with an inlet valve connecting the volume formed with an external receiver. The battery-compressor is equipped with an external receiver, to which a hydrogen, vacuum, nutrient and consumable outline is connected. Each circuit is equipped with an electromagnetic valve, as well as measuring devices, which makes it possible to carry out automatic control of parameters and automatic control of the device in accordance with the operating mode. A list of equipment is presented, on the basis of which a system of automatic control and monitoring, a block diagram of the main operating modes, an interface of the developed software are developed. Depending on the mode chosen by the operator, the automatic control and monitoring system allows activation of metal hydride materials, purification of contaminants of harmful impurities, sorption and desorption of hydrogen.
МАГНИТОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К ИЗУЧЕНИЮ ВЛИЯНИЯ УГЛЕРОДА И АЗОТА НА КОРРОЗИОННУЮ СТОЙКОСТЬ АУСТЕНИТНЫХ ХРОМОНИКЕЛЕВЫХ СТАЛЕЙ
Authors: Снежной Геннадий Валентинович , Снежной Валентин Лукьянович 
Published: August 2020

Extensive investigations of the corrosion resistance of austenitic chromium-nickel steels (with stable and unstable austenite) do not reveal the full nature of the phenomena studied. By the magnetometric method, using the specific magnetic susceptibility c0 of austenite and low content Рd d-ferrite (0…0.5 %), the corrosion properties of steels were studied. These parameters are determined by the chemical composition of steel, heat treatment and deformation. The pitting corrosion rate correlates with these parameters. In the scientific literature, the results of studies of the corrosion resistance of metals with variation over a wide range of carbon and nitrogen contents are given. In this work, the influence of these elements in five swimming trunks of each steel grade AISI 304 and AISI 321 is investigated. In steels AISI 304 and AISI 321, with an increase in c0 and Рd (under the condition low content of d-ferrite), the pitting corrosion rate К decreases. The values of c0 and Рd from the total content Q (wt.%) of all alloying elements for each melt are determined. The dependences of the corrosion rate K on Q for each melt of AISI 304 and AISI 321 steels are obtained. Various forms of К(Q) dependency curves are caused by a lower content of nickel, silicon and a higher content of chromium, manganese, carbon, nitrogen in AISI 304 steel. Also in AISI 321 steel, titanium is present. The dependences of К, c0 and Рd on the content of carbon and nitrogen, in the presence of all other alloying elements, are determined. Various (presence of a maximum or minimum) parabolic dependencies of К, c0 and Рd on the carbon and nitrogen contents were revealed. For melts of steel AISI 304, of the effect carbon and nitrogen on corrosion resistance are the opposite of the sum of all other alloying elements. For melts of steel AISI 321, the carbon present makes a smaller contribution to corrosion resistance compared to nitrogen. For AISI 321 steel melts, an ambiguous character of the dependence of the pitting corrosion rate K on the total content Q of all other alloying elements was found. Two values of Q (a parabolic dependence of K(Q)) can correspond to one value of K. The critical points (the content of alloying elements), before and after which the parameters c0, Pd can increase or decrease, are determined. As a result, the paramagnetic state of austenite changes, which correlates with a change in the corrosion properties of steel.
ТЕПЛОТРАНСПОРТНАЯ СПОСОБНОСТЬ ФИТИЛЯ ИЗ МЕТАЛЛИЧЕСКИХ СЕТОК
Authors: Горбенко Геннадий Александрович , Турна Рустем Юсуфович , Орлов Роман Сергеевич , Роговой Евгений Эдуардович 
Published: August 2020

In the manufacture of wicks for capillary transport of coolant in various heat transfer devices such as heat pipes, capillary pumped loop, accumulators with thermal regulation, evaporative heat exchangers, heat sinks, etc., capillary porous structures are used. Capillary and porous structures made of compressed powders (metal or non-metal) are widely used. However, the technology of making such porous structures is complicated and time-consuming. Important requirements for wicks are high capillary pressure, low-pressure drop, low weight, and manufacturability. Capillary porous structure, which meets these requirements, can be a wick made of several layers of metal mesh, superimposed on each other, and connected by contact welding. The main advantages of such wicks are low weight and ease of fabrication. The article deals with the methods and results of determining the limit heat transfer capacity of a free wick (not in contact with solid walls) of metal meshes. The design of an experimental unit is given, which allows testing not only at positive but also at small negative angles of the wick to the horizon. Experiments on ammonia to determine the limit heat transport capacity of a flat free wick made of two-layer metal mesh 0.2×0.13 mm woven weave is conducted. By results of the spent experiments dependence of limiting the heat-transport ability of a wick from the temperature of saturation of the heat carrier and an angle of slope to the horizon is received. The performed experiments allow for a wick of the given design to calculate its maximum heat-transport capacity in earth conditions at any width, a transport length of a wick, and an angle of slope to the horizon. Formulas for calculating the thermal transport capacity of wicks made of metal mesh of different length and width under microgravity conditions and in the field of gravity of the earth at different orientations are recommended. The results of the experiments allow determining the thermal transport capacity of wicks from metal meshes and in microgravity conditions.
Treatment Modalities for Notalgia Paresthetica Including OMT
Authors: Danielle Cooley, DO  , Michael McAree, OMS  , Neal Joshi, OMS  , Wasif Peerzada, OMS  
Published: August 2020

Background: Notalgia paresthetica (NP) is a type of neuropathy associated with pruritus, dysesthesias and sometimes pain. Most etiologies stem from trauma and entrapment of cutaneous branches of the upper thoracic nerves.
Objectives: We report a case of NP treated with osteopathic manipulative therapy (OMT) along with a review of previous treatment modalities performed per the literature.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search using PubMed was performed on NP and its treatment. Keywords used include notalgia paresthetica, treatment, osteopathic manipulation, neuropathy and pruritus.
Results: Our patient reported a 30% reduction in severity of pruritus after receiving OMT, with full intention of following up in office for additional treatment.
Conclusion: OMT monotherapy or combination treatments may prove to be efficacious with little to no added risk.