bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decline of unionid mussels enhances hybridisation of native and introduced bitterling fish species through competition for breeding substrate
Authors: Hata Hiroki , Uemura Yohsuke , Ouchi Kaito 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Bitterling fishes (Subfamily: Acheilognathinae) spawn in the gills of living freshwater mussels and obligately depend on the mussels for reproduction. On the Matsuyama Plain, Japan, populations of unionid mussels—Pronodularia japanensis, Nodularia douglasiae, and Sinanodonta lauta—have decreased rapidly over the past 30 years. Simultaneously, the population of a native bitterling fish, Tanakia lanceolata, which depends on the three unionids as a breeding substrate, has decreased. Furthermore, a congeneric bitterling, Tanakia limbata, has been artificially introduced, and hybridisation and genetic introgression occur between them. Here, we hypothesised that decline of the unionids has enhanced this invasive hybridisation through competition for the breeding substrate.

Three study sites were set in three streams on the Matsuyama Plain. We collected adult bitterling fishes (native T. lanceolata, introduced T. limbata, and foreign Rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus) once a week from April to October 2013 to measure their densities in streams and to examine seasonal differences in female ovipositor length, which elongates in the breeding season. Simultaneously, we set quadrats and captured unionids and measured environmental conditions. Each unionid individual was kept separately in its own aquarium to collect ejected bitterling eggs/larvae. Tanakia eggs and larvae were genotyped using six microsatellite markers and the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.

Introduced T. limbata was more abundant, had a longer breeding period, and produced more juveniles than native T. lanceolata. Hybrids between the two species occurred at all sites, and in total 101 of the 837 juveniles genotyped were hybrids. The density of P. japanensis was low, at most 0.42 individuals/m2. Nodularia douglasiae and S. lauta have nearly or totally disappeared from these sites. Hybrid clutches of Tanakia species occurred more frequently where the local density of P. japanensis was low. Mussels were apparently overused and used simultaneously by three species of bitterlings.

Decline of freshwater unionid populations has enhanced hybridisation of native and invasive bitterling fishes through increasing competition for breeding substrate. We showed that rapid decline of host mussel species and introduction of an invasive congener have interacted to cause a rapid decline of native bitterling fish.

Degradation of habitat and the introduction of invasive species interact to cause a cascade of extinctions in native species. In our study, obligate parasite species are threatened because the host species are disappearing, which means there is a serious threat of coextinction.
Evaluating international Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) results combined with expert opinion: Options for a shorter HJHS
Authors: Kuijlaars Isolde A.R. , van der Net Janjaap , Feldman Brian M. , Aspdahl Magnus , Bladen Melanie , de Boer Wypke , Cuesta‐Barriuso Rubén , Matlary Ruth E.D. , Funk Sharon M. , Hilliard Pamela , John Judy A. , Kempton Christine L. , de Kleijn Piet , Manco‐Johnson Marilyn , Petrini Pia , Poonnoose Pradeep , St‐Louis Jean , Thomas Sylvia , Timmer Merel A. , Trakymiene Sonata Saulyte , van Vlimmeren Leo , Fischer Kathelijn 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) was developed to detect early changes in joint health in children and adolescents with haemophilia. The HJHS is considered by some to be too time consuming for clinical use and this may limit broad adoption.AimThis study was a first step to develop a shorter and/or more convenient version of the HJHS for the measurement of joint function in children and young adults with haemophilia, by combining real‐life data and expert opinion.MethodsA cross‐sectional multicenter secondary analysis on pooled data of published studies using the HJHS (0‐124, optimum score 0) in persons with haemophilia A/B aged 4‐30 was performed. Least informative items, scoring options and/or joints were identified. An expert group of 19 international multidisciplinary experts evaluated the results and voted on suggestions for adaptations in a structured meeting (consensus set at ≥ 80%).ResultsOriginal data on 499 persons with haemophilia from 7 studies were evaluated. Median age was 15.0 years [range 4.0‐29.9], 83.2% had severe haemophilia and 61.5% received prophylaxis. Median (IQR) HJHS total was 6.0 (1.0‐17.0). The items 'duration swelling' and 'crepitus' were identified as clinically less informative and appointed as candidates for reduction.ConclusionAnalysis of 499 children and young adults with haemophilia showed that the HJHS is able to discriminate between children and adults and different treatment regimens. Reduction of the items 'duration swelling' and 'crepitus' resulted in the HJHSshort, which had the same discriminative ability. Additional steps are needed to achieve a substantially shorter HJHS assessment.
MiR‐590‐3p regulates cardiomyocyte P19CL6 proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation in vitro by targeting PTPN1 via JNK/STAT/NF‐kB pathway
Authors: Wang Fanshun , Zhang Hongqiang , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCardiomyocyte differentiation is a multi‐step process which involves a number of signalling pathways. microRNAs exhibit regulatory functions in various diseases and are involved in the signalling pathways in multiple physiological processes, but the specific functions of particular mRNAs is often not fully understood. of an example of this is that the role of miR‐590‐3p in the differentiation of cardiomyocytes remains unclear. In the current study, RT‐qPCR was used to determine the expression of miR‐590‐3p in cardiomyocytes differentiated from the embryonic carcinoma cell line P19CL6. MTT, EdU, caspase‐3 activity and flow cytometry assays were performed to examine the influence of miR‐590‐3p on cell behaviour. A luciferase assay was used to confirm binding between miR‐590‐3p and PTPN1. Western blotting was used to determine the relationship between the JNK/STAT/NF‐kB pathway and PTPN1. The results inferred that miR‐590‐3p became heavily expressed in differentiated P19CL6. Knockdown miR‐590‐3p suppressed the cell proliferation while at the same time, accelerated apoptosis. Moreover, PTPN1 was identified as the target of miR‐590‐3p. More importantly, PTPN1 overexpression activated the JNK/STAT/NF‐kB pathway and limited the differentiation of P19CL6. Thus the conclusions from this study are that miR‐590‐3p has the potential to regulate the proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of cardiomyocyte P19CL6 in vitro by targeting PTPN1 via the JNK/STAT/NF‐kB pathway.
Labor‐eliminating technical change in a developing economy
Authors: Gilbert John , Oladi Reza 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDeveloping countries face significant challenges arising from automation. While the trade theory literature has tended to focus on factor‐neutral and factor‐augmenting technical change, automation processes suggest another form of technical change is relevant: factor‐eliminating. We explore the impact of a labor‐eliminating technical change in the context of a small developing economy. Unlike labor‐augmenting technical changes, labor‐eliminating technical changes are not necessarily cost‐reducing, and thus will not necessarily be adopted. A manufacturing wage held artificially higher than at the market‐clearing level, as in the Harris–Todaro framework, increases the incentive to automate. We establish the conditions under which firms will adopt a labor‐eliminating technology, and describe the resulting changes in equilibrium outcomes. Under plausible circumstances, automation can actually lower output, and may raise both the rate and level of unemployment. Immiserizing growth becomes a possibility, and can be tied directly to the underlying wage distortion.
Utility of FLAER and CD157 in a five‐color single‐tube high sensitivity assay, for diagnosis of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)—A standalone flow cytometry laboratory experience
Authors: Seth Neha , Mahajan Vidisha , Kedia Shweta , Sutar Archana , Sehgal Kunal 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundFLAER‐based flow cytometry assay is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). CD157 is a recently reported marker for GPI‐anchored protein found both on neutrophils and monocytes. This study highlights the robustness of FLAER and CD157 combination to identify PNH clones in a high sensitivity assay. Though rare, the data shown highlight the presence of CD157 negativity in few cases re‐emphasizing the importance of FLAER for PNH diagnosis.MethodsA single 5‐color tube—FLAER Alexa488/ CD157PE/ CD15PECy5/ CD64PE‐Cy7 & CD45APCH7—was used for a high sensitivity PNH assay.ResultsOf 364 cases, 59(16.2%) cases had PNH clone in both granulocytes and monocytes. PNH clone sizes ranged from 0.02% to 96.6% in granulocytes and 0.07% to 96.3% in monocytes based on their FLAER‐negative, CD157‐negative phenotype. Twenty‐two of the 59 PNH cases (37.3%) had WBC clone size of <1%. In addition, there were 10 cases which showed absence of CD 157 expression on both granulocytes and monocytes but on FLAER staining showed normal staining patterns. Three of these ten cases also showed a PNH clone based on absence of FLAER expression on both granulocytes and monocytes.ConclusionFLAER and CD157 is a robust combination for diagnosis of clinical and subclinical PNH. Absence of CD157 expression in normal WBCs, though rare, should be kept in mind and re‐emphasizes the importance of FLAER for the high sensitivity PNH assay.
Characterization of community‐wide transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 in congregate living settings and local public health‐coordinated response during the initial phase of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Terebuh Pauline D. , Egwiekhor Amina J. , Gullett Heidi L. , Fakolade Adeola O. , Miracle Jill E. , Ganesh Prakash T. , Rose Johnie , Stange Kurt C. , Szabo Andrea D. , Grisez Barry , Brennan Kevin , Hrusch Suzanne , Napolitano Jackie , Brazile Ramona , Allan Terrence 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundClusters of COVID‐19 cases amplify the pandemic and are critical targets for intervention, but comprehensive cluster‐level data are not collected systematically by federal or most state public health entities. This analysis characterizes COVID‐19 clusters among vulnerable populations housed in congregate living settings across an entire community and describes early mitigation efforts.MethodsThe Cuyahoga County Board of Health identified and interviewed COVID‐19 cases and exposed contacts, assessing possible connections to congregate living facilities within its jurisdiction from March 7, 2020, to May 15, 2020, during the first phase of the pandemic, while state of Ohio stay‐at‐home orders were in effect. A multi‐disciplinary team‐based response network was mobilized to support active case finding and develop facility‐focused containment strategies.ResultsWe identified a cascade of 45 COVID‐19 clusters across community facilities (corrections, nursing, assisted living, intermediate care, extended treatment, shelters, group homes). Attack rates were highest within small facilities (P < .01) and large facilities requiring extensive support to implement effective containment measures. For 25 clusters, we identified an index case who frequently (88%) was a healthcare worker. Engagement of clinical, community, and government partners through public health coordination efforts created opportunities to rapidly develop and coordinate effective response strategies to support the facilities facing the dawning impact of the pandemic.ConclusionsActive cluster investigations can uncover the dynamics of community transmission affecting both residents of congregate settings and their caregivers and help to target efforts toward populations with ongoing challenges in access to detection and control resources.
Mg‐bearing quartz solid solutions as structural intermediates between low and high quartz
Authors: Zandona Alessio , Rüdinger Bernd , Deubener Joachim 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGlass powder samples of cordierite composition (doped with 8 mol% TiO2) were heat‐treated to produce a series of increasingly SiO2‐enriched Mg‐bearing quartz solid solutions (Qss). The obtained materials were then analyzed by X‐ray diffraction: Rietveld structural refinements revealed that Mg‐bearing Qss phases possess trigonal symmetry and a compositionally dependent intermediate structural arrangement between those of low and high quartz. High‐temperature diffraction measurements were performed up to 700°C to characterize the thermal expansion behavior of the crystals. At SiO2‐rich compositions, a reversible high‐to‐intermediate inversion of the quartz structure is observed, which shifts with increasing stuffing to lower temperatures than the conventional 573°C for pure quartz. Similarities and differences to the better‐established Li‐bearing Qss are discussed in the text.
The CRIAA Program complex intervention in primary care to support women and their families in breastfeeding: Study protocol for a pilot trial
Authors: Lucchini‐Raies Camila , Marquez‐Doren Francisca , Beca Paulina , Perez J. Carola , Campos Solange , Lopez‐Dicastillo Olga 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo report a pilot study protocol to assess the feasibility of a complex intervention, in the primary healthcare context, to support women and their families in breastfeeding.DesignA pilot/feasibility trial with control and intervention groups.MethodsThe study will be conducted in two primary healthcare centres with 40 childbearing women (20 control group; 20 intervention group), with their partner/meaningful person and their respective healthcare professionals. Intervention group participants will receive the intervention: (a) in a breastfeeding workshop during their third trimester of pregnancy; and (b) via virtual breastfeeding support for six months postpartum. Health professionals will be trained to deliver the intervention. The control group will receive standard care in the outpatient clinic. The pilot will help determine the intervention's feasibility. Data collected pre‐intervention, 10‐days postpartum and two‐, four‐, and six‐months postpartum will provide estimates of the intervention's preliminary effects on self‐efficacy and main outcomes. Research Ethics Committee approval was obtained in April 2019.DiscussionBreastfeeding support is a complex reality influenced by multiple factors. Therefore, approaches to breastfeeding are also, requiring interventions that address its multidimensional nature, including all actors involved. The proposed intervention will be applied by an interdisciplinary professional health team, allowing for its incorporation into standard practice and its perpetual maintenance.ImpactThe study will produce an original, comprehensive, complex intervention addressing contextual, and organizational factors to promote breastfeeding support using an interdisciplinary and family‐based approach; breastfeeding self‐efficacy is the core concept. The program evaluation and feasibility study will permit exploration of the integration of the intervention's novel aspects into the daily work of professionals and reveal how to better use existing resources in a full‐scale clinical trial.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03944642.
Acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic pain conditions on functioning: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Du Shizheng , Dong Jianshu , Jin Shengji , Zhang Heng , Zhang Yuqun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo explore the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on chronic pain in terms of functioning; and to identify the most promising modes and patterns for implementing ACT.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsWe will include randomized controlled trials which focus on the efficacy of ACT on chronic pain conditions with functioning as the primary outcome. Seven databases have been searched and grey literature will also be systematically searched for. Eligible studies will be screened. The newly revised Cochrane risk of bias tool will be used to assess the quality of the included studies. Data will be extracted, and meta‐analyses will be performed within specific condition groups of chronic pain. Meta‐regression and subgroup analyses will be employed to identify the efficacious modes and patterns for implementing the therapy. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach will be applied to reach a convincing conclusion. The study has been funded since July 2018.DiscussionThis systematic review aims to explore the efficacy of ACT for chronic pain on functioning based on the latest evidence. The most promising manners will be identified for designing and delivering the therapy. An accurate, transparent, and standardized review process is expected by adhering to the instructions of relevant guidelines.ImpactChronic pain is prevalent worldwide and reduced functioning is one of the leading consequences. With the anticipated evidence of high level, this research attempts to examine the role of acceptance and commitment therapy, a promising psychological intervention, in the management of chronic pain for improving individual's functioning status. The systematic review may contribute to a more convincing and targeted conclusion compared with the existing studies of its kind.
Resolving tensions in phenomenological research interviewing
Authors: Thomas Sandra P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimA discussion of five prevalent tensions in phenomenological interviewing and ways to diminish them. A rigorous interviewer training program for novices is presented, grounded in the philosophy of Merleau‐Ponty, and delivered in the context of a transdisciplinary phenomenology research group that provides constructive critique and mentoring.DesignDiscussion Paper.Data sourcesPersonal experience as a trainer of novice researchers for over 25 years, and classic and contemporary literature on phenomenological research methodology and interview technique.Implications for nursingPhenomenological methodology is one of the most widely used research approaches across the globe in nursing and other human science disciplines. Current nursing literature contains reports in which a phenomenological approach is espoused, but the procedures are not consistent with the tenets of phenomenological philosophy. In particular, problems related to interview technique are evident. Interview training is essential for development of skill in eliciting comprehensive descriptions of the phenomena of concern to nurses, such as chronic pain and spiritual distress. Enhancing nurses’ understanding of these phenomena ultimately impacts the provision of sensitive and compassionate care.ConclusionTensions in phenomenological interviewing can be diminished by trainee grounding in phenomenological philosophy, bracketing and pilot interviews, constructive peer critique, and guidance of research mentors.ImpactProblems in interview technique indicate the need to provide novice interviewers with rigorous training. A richly evocative interview is critical for powerful, credible, phenomenological research. This paper makes a unique contribution by identifying five tensions confronting the phenomenological interviewer, and ways to diminish them. Principles of the interviewer training program can be replicated in other locales by supervisors of student research in nursing and other human sciences.
The Irrevocability of Capital Punishment and Active Voluntary Euthanasia1
Authors: Sudarshan Saranga 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOne argument often made against capital punishment is that it would involve the risk of killing innocent people and that such a mistake cannot be corrected in ways that other punishments can. I call this the ‘Irrevocability Argument’. In this article, I argue that the Irrevocability Argument is symmetrical with respect to capital punishment and active voluntary euthanasia. If the Irrevocability Argument works against capital punishment, then it also works against active voluntary euthanasia and vice versa. The main upshot of this is that it means at least some of the moral positions that people hold to treat them differently are untenable. Those who rely on the Irrevocability Argument as an argument against capital punishment are also committed to it as an argument against active voluntary euthanasia.
CEO compensation in early‐stage firms: Rewards for prospectivity and survival
Authors: Bui Thi , Ferguson Andrew , Lam Peter 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrior studies on chief executive officer (CEO) compensation focus mainly on large firms. This paper aims to suggest new factors associated with CEO compensation for small, homogeneous firms, specifically, Australian early‐stage mining exploration entities (MEEs). We document a set of predictors of CEO compensation proxying for economic performance, including geological prospectivity components of the exploration and evaluation (E&E) asset account and proceeds from equity raisings that enhances survival probabilities. We find positive associations between these predictors and CEO remuneration. In terms of CEO pay mix, we find that E&E asset acquisitions and equity proceeds are both positively associated with the proportion of option value in CEO total compensation. This suggests MEEs allocate their cash resources to investment opportunities, rather than CEO compensation. Overall, these findings, coupled with a significant and positive pay‐performance relation, provide evidence supporting efficient compensation practices in the MEE context.
Recognition and clinical implications of high prevalence of migraine in patients with Brugada syndrome and drug‐induced type 1 Brugada pattern
Authors: Hasdemir Can , Gokcay Figen , Orman Mehmet N. , Kocabas Umut , Payzin Serdar , Sahin Hatice , Nyholt Dale R , Antzelevitch Charles 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionWe have previously reported high 1‐year prevalence of migraine in patients with atrial arrhythmias associated with DI‐type 1 BrP. The present study was designed to determine the lifetime prevalence of migraine in patients with Brugada syndrome (BrS) or drug‐induced type 1 Brugada pattern (DI‐type 1 BrP) and control group, to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics, and to identify clinical variables to predict underlying BrS/DI‐type 1 BrP among migraineurs.Methods and ResultsLifetime prevalence of migraine and migraine characteristics were compared between probands with BrS/DI‐type 1 BrP (n = 257) and control group (n = 370). Lifetime prevalence of migraine was 60.7% in patients with BrS/DI‐type 1 BrP and 30.3% in control group (p = 3.6 × 10−14). On stepwise regression analysis, familial migraine (odds ratio [OR] of 4.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0–9.8; p = 1.3 × 10−4), vestibular migraine (OR of 5.4; 95% CI: 1.4–21.0); p = .013), migraine with visual aura (OR of 1.8; 95% CI: 1.0–3.4); p = .04) and younger age‐at‐onset of migraine (OR of 0.95; 95% CI: 0.93–0.98); p = .004) were predictors of underlying BrS/DI‐type 1 BrP among migraineurs. Use of anti‐migraine drugs classified as “to be avoided” or “preferably avoided” in patients with BrS and several other anti‐migraine drugs with potential cardiac INa/ICa channel blocking properties was present in 25.6% and 26.9% of migraineurs with BrS/DI‐type 1 BrP, respectively.ConclusionMigraine comorbidity is common in patients with BrS/DI‐type 1 BrP. We identify several clinical variables that point to an underlying type‐1 BrP among migraineurs, necessitating cautious use of certain anti‐migraine drugs.