bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of rail freight from China to the EU: Russia’s opportunities
Authors: Stepanova N , Pavlova E , Mamedova I , Cherpakova E , Samusev N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Russia may play a role of transit country when transporting the goods from Asia-Pacific region to European countries, gaining an economic advantage from it. It is important to develop railroad container traffic on China – Eurasian Economic Union – European Union axis. Russian transporters receive an opportunity to increase carriage volumes and seek an additional income, Russian government, in this case, may receive additional tax payments into the budget. In order to increase the number of freight trains with the usage of railroad transit services on 1520mm gauge it is necessary to improve transport and logistics infrastructure. New transport corridor for delivering container freights into Europe through Kaliningrad Region and the use of railroad route through Mongolia are considered to be perspective solutions. Based on the analysis results it was stated that there is a possibility to redeploy existing and perspective container transit volumes on the China-Europe lane through border crossing points Dostyk, Zabaikalsk and Zamyn-Uud. Goods for e-commerce has the greatest importance in the structure of transit freights. The switch of international flow of goods from airplane to rail transportation for the purpose of e-commerce is also another opportunity to increase the volume of transit traffic through Russian territory. It will give benefits as for clients, as for Russian Railroad company. In order to implement these opportunities, it is necessary to solve a set of legal, organizational and technical tasks.
Calculation of the resource of spiroid transmissions from wear in the step of loading mode
Authors: Zaitsev Alexander 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The analysis of the failure causes of the mechanisms and drives of lifting, construction, road machines on the basis of gearing gears, as well as gears of the worm class, which are contact destruction of the active surfaces of gear teeth, leading to malfunctions, breakdowns, failures in the form of wear and scuffing. A cyclogram describing the mode of operation of the gear pair, taking into account the effect of maximum load on the contact endurance and on the endurance of the teeth during bending, and which is used in strength calculations of spur and helical gears, is given. The necessity of creating a method for calculating the wear of spiroid gears based on the variable loading mode and load time taking into account the loading schedule analysis of mechanisms and drives of hoisting-and-transport machines and equipment where this type of gear is used, in particular, in the drive of stop valve mechanisms, in the drive of screw horizontal conveyor, the cable-assembly mechanism of the electric loader, in the drive of the traction winch of the packing crane UK-25/9-18 for tugging packages of rail track panel, is substantiated. The developed method makes it possible, taking into account the actual operation modes of hoisting-and-transport machines, equipment and mechanisms, by experimentally obtained dependence of the wear rate of the spiroid wheel teeth on the torque values on the output shaft of the spiroid gearbox, to determine the values of wear intensity and calculate the duration of the resource of the spiroid gearbox in accordance with the established schedule of variable mechanism loading for lifting, construction and road cars.
Assessing the efficiency of application of the technology of handling heavy multiple unit trains
Authors: Klimova Ekaterina , Volkova Natalya 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the results of studying the efficiency of use at the railway loop of the technology of handling heavy multiple-unit trains made up with several heavy train units, the mass of each of which is higher than the scheduled one. This technology is advisable to apply in conditions where the mass of a heavy multiple unit train consisting of m heavy train units exceeds the mass of a scheduled train by more than n times. The paper presents the main advantages and disadvantages of the technology of making-up and handling of heavy multiple-unit trains, as well as the classification of the main cost indicators, which should be taken into account when determining the economic efficiency of the technology. The formulas for calculating the cost, return and investment are presented. Assessing the economic efficiency of applying the technology for making-up and driving heavy multiple-unit freight trains can be done using indicators – operating profit, comparative economic effect and a simple payback period of investments. In addition to the specified set of indicators, economic criteria can be calculated taking into account the influence of the time factor: net present value, profitability index and discounted payback period of the project. Using the presented methodology will allow evaluating economic effect of application of the technology of making-up and handling of heavy-duty multiple-unit trains as that responding the growing freight traffic.
Operational planning of cargo transportation by motor vehicles used on hourly payment conditions
Authors: Krylova Kristina , Vitvitskiy Evgeniy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the modern practice of transporting goods in cities, the use of motor vehicles on an hourly basis has become widespread, although it is known that their use is much less efficient. The purpose of this paper is to increase the efficiency of cargo transportation in cities by motor vehicles on an hourly payment basis by developing methods for operational planning of cargo transportation in cities by motor vehicles used on an hourly payment basis and practical recommendations for its use. The developed methodology considers the existing practice of cargo transportation. By default, it is assumed that a client who rents a car on an hourly basis has the competence to organize cargo transportation in cities. In an order application, the client indicates a car, body type and order time. Thus, it seems that the decision of the client when ordering always contributes to the positive satisfaction of his needs. However, the results of the study suggest that the use of cars on an hourly payment basis for the transportation of building or commercial goods at different distances in urban environments gives different results. Applying the results of this study allows assessing customer satisfaction and prevent undesirable outcomes prior to experience.
Identification of organic pollutants of water in sources of water supply (using the example of the Astrakhan region)
Authors: Boronina L , Sokolsky A , Fesenko L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In today’s diverse world, one of the most urgent tasks is environmental protection, rational use and reproduction of natural resources, conservation of biological diversity. The problem of clean water is one of the most important places in the solution of this problem because surface waters are the most sensitive natural environment link. Without careful monitoring of the state indicated by the latter, it is impossible to prevent the occurrence of adverse environmental situations, maintain the health of the nation and ensure the quality of life. Based on the results of the analysis of indicators of the quality of the water source, the required volumes of water for the consumer and the requirements of the consumer for the produced water, a decision is made on the technology for purifying the required water. Special climatic conditions (sharply continental climate, high summer temperatures, low water levels, etc.) negatively affect the quality indicators of the water source. The article presents the results of a study of surface water by microbiological indicators and phytoplankton. Water was investigated in the area of the channel-type surface water intake structure located in the Astrakhan region on the Volga. It is revealed that the river belongs to the category of dirty. Moreover, there is a positive trend in the development of this process. Applied water treatment technologies are not able to fulfill the tasks to ensure a safe drinking regime. It is known that chlorination of water during water treatment does not affect the removal of metabolites secreted by massively developing species of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae). The recommendations for improving water treatment facilities are made.
Associative-mesofauna abundance and its correlation with sponges antibacterial activity in seagrass ecosystem
Authors: Ismet M S , Bengen D G , Setianingsih W A , Yudhani B A , Natih N M N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Sponge is one of the benthic organisms that could be found in seagrass ecosystem. Sponge is also could harbor various organisms within its tissue, as a biogenic habitat for those associative organisms. This interaction could benefit from enhancing marine biodiversity in the seagrass ecosystem. Aims of this research were study the abundance of associative mesofauna and its correlation with the sponges antibacterial activity. Sponges samples were preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol (0.5-1 cm3 thickness) and observed under stereomicroscope, to find the associative mesofauna. Meanwhile fresh tissue samples were tested against several pathogenic bacteria in antibacterial assay. Associative mesofauna that was found in 14 of 23 seagrass sponge species, belong to Ophiuridae, Mollusca, Gastropoda, Arthropoda, Polychaeta, and Oligochaeta groups. Mollusca and Polychaeta were highly correlated with most of the sponge species (8 of 14), based on statistical correspondence analysis (CA). Antibacterial assay on sponge tissue showed that only 6 of 14 sponge species has activity against several pathogenic bacteria. Statistical analysis (CA) showed that Mollusca and Polychaeta also have high correlation with the antibacterial activity. This suspected that sponges defense mechanism strategy against pathogenic bacterial infections, could influence the preference of associative mesofauna inhabiting seagrass sponges.
The effect of Gracilaria powder on the characteristics of nemipterid fish sausage
Authors: Sipahutar Y H , Taufiq T , Kristiani M G E , Prabowo D H G , Ramadheka R R , Suryanto M R , Pratama R B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This research was aimed to observe the effects of using food additives from Gracilaria powder to the structural properties and chemical characteristics of nemipterid fish sausages. Seaweed powder was originated from raw Gracilaria obtained from cultivated seaweed in Karawang waters. Five different concentrations of Gracilaria powder (0.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%) were used. The quality of the sausage was decided based on the sensory and the chemical quality. The results showed that the addition of Gracilaria powder had a significant effect on the texture and chemical quality but not to the taste, odor, appearance or fat content. The addition of Gracilaria powder at 2.5% was considered as the best treatment resulting in nemipterid fish sausage with an appearance value of 8.4, taste 7.7, odor 2.5, texture 8.7, and chemical value of moisture content 61.3%, ash content 1.52%, protein content 13.16%, fat content 0.62%.
Carbon sequestration in macroalgae Kappaphycus striatum in seaweed aquaculture site, Alaang village, Alor Island, East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Fakhraini M S , Wisnu W , Khathir R , Patria M P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Carbon sequestration in macroalgae through photosynthesis can contribute to the mitigation of the climate change problem. This research aimed to analyze carbon sequestration potential on macroalgae Kappaphycus striatum with different harvested ages; i.e. young (25 days) and adult (60 days). Samples were collected randomly from off-bottom seaweed aquaculture system, at Alaang village, Alor island, East Nusa Tenggara. The parameter observed was carbon content determined by using gravimetric analysis. Growth rate measurement and light-dark bottle experiment were also conducted to be further analyzed. Results showed in total area 1,552 m2, it was estimated that the carbon sequestration potential of macroalgae Kappaphycus striatum was 13.28 tonnes C/cycle for young and 26.63 tonnes C/cycle for adult. These results were equal to 66.07 tonnes C/ha/cycle and 125.51 tonnes C/ha/cycle, respectively. Therefore, the carbon sequestration potential of adult seaweed was higher about 32.78% than that of young seaweed, followed by its lower growth rate and higher primary productivity. It can be concluded that the carbon sequestration potential was influenced by growth rate and primary productivity. Further study on sustainable management of seaweed aquaculture sites, by considering ecological and economic values, could potentially provide multiple functions both for human and ecosystem.
The influence of women’s leadership in the fishery and cleaner production of fish processing industry on the effectiveness of coastal preservation program in Tangerang
Authors: Sipahutar Y H , Rahmayanti H , Achmad R , Suryanto M R , Ramandeka R R , Syalim M R , Pratama R B , Rahmi A N , Astrianti P , Mila G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This research was aimed to investigate the effect of the leadership fisherwomen and cleaner production of the fish processing industry on the effectiveness of environmental coastal preservation in Tangerang District. The research was conducted by survey method and analyzed using Path Analysis (PA). Sampling was done by proportional random sampling. Data sources were obtained from primary data by distributing questionnaires. The results showed that the leadership of fisherwomen had a significant influence on the effectiveness of effort to preserve the coast with a value of 0.420>0.005. Cleaner production in the fish processing industry, was significant effect to work leadership fisherwomen on the effectiveness of coastal preservation with a value of 0.361>0.005. The leadership of fisherwomen together with the cleaner production of fish processing industry had a significant simultaneous effect on the effectiveness of preserving the coastal environment (P<0.05). The value of R square obtained was 52.3%, meaning that the work effectiveness variable preserving the coastal environment can be explain 52.3% by the leadership variable and the clean production environment of fish processing industry while the remaining 47.7% can be explain by other unexamined variables.
Bioactivities of red seaweed extracts from Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Khatulistiani T S , Noviendri D , Munifah I , Melanie S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Red seaweed has many advantages and can be utilized for cosmetics and pharmaceutical products for its rich bioactive content such as R-Phycoerythrin and phenols. This study were aimed to determine the R-phycoerythrin and phenolic contents, also the bioactivities of red seaweed extracts from Indonesia. The samples of Eucheuma sp., Gelidium sp., Eucheuma spinosum, Halymenia sp., and Rhodopeltis sp. were extracted by maceration method with distilled water (ratio 1:2, w/v) for 24 hours at cold temperature. The R-phycoerythrin content was determine by UV/VIS spectrophotometry at λ 455, 565, and 592 nm. Total Phenolic Content (TPC) was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant and antityrosinase were determined using Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and mushroom tyrosinase assays. The highest yield of extract (2.73%, w/w) and R-PE (0.1056 mg/mL) were obtained from Halymenia sp., with highest phenolic content 8.79±1.21 GAE/mg, as well as in Eucheuma sp. (7.05±0.87 GAE/mg, p > 0,05). Halymenia sp. and Eucheuma sp. extracts showed antioxidant content of 19.40±0.37 and 19.08±0.66 AA mg/g, with tyrosinase enzymes of 40.09±2.01% and 41.36±3.8 % (1,000 ppm). Thus, Eucheuma sp. and Halymenia sp. extracts have high potential activities, while Halymenia sp. was potentialy used as natural colorant for cosmeticals and nutraceutical.
The condition and composition of seagrass and mollusca on Biak island, Papua
Authors: Aji L P , Widyastuti A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This research was purposed to assess coverage and species distribution of seagrass as well as mollusca in Biak Island, Biak Numfor Regency, Papua. Field sampling was conducted in February, March and September 2017 at 18 observation stations. Eight seagrass species were recorded during the sampling period namely Thalassia hemprichii, Enhalus acoroides, Halodule uninervis, Halodule pinifolia, Syiringodium isoetifolium, Cymodocea rotundata, C. serrulata, and Halophila ovalis. The highest coverage was T. hemprichii, followed by C. rotundata and the least was C. serrulata. The range of seagrass coverage from 5.11% (St.1) to 75.76% (St.17) with the average of coverage in Biak was 35.7%. Furthermore, there were 4 groups based on Bray-Curtis similarity according to the seagrass assemblage in the research area. In addition, a total of 156 molluscan species were recorded consisted of 123 species from gastropod and 33 species from bivalvia. The most distributed species from gastropod were Conomurex luhuanus and Canarium urceus, while from bivalvia was Anadara antiquata. Station 15 has the highest species number with 33 species and the lowest, with just 9 species, were found at station 1 and 7.
Mangrove ecosystem for sustainable tourism in Dampier Strait Marine Protected Area Raja Ampat
Authors: Yulianda F , Kaber Y , Bengen D G , Dahuri R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Mangrove forests are considered very productive ecosystems in tropical coastal areas. They consist of valuable resources which provide services in terms of physical, biological and socio-economic functions. Human intervention and development have impacted the coastal ecosystems. The research was carried out to assess the biodiversity of mangrove ecosystem for sustainable tourism in Dampier strait, Raja Ampat. The data collected in Manswar islands, Gam islands, and the southern part of Waigeo island, and Batanta islands. Mangrove sampling was carried out at 7 (seven) stations which were selected randomly. The baseline data were used to develop the model of integrated and sustainable mangrove forest management in marine protected area Raja Ampat. The maximum number of visitors to each mangrove destination in Dampier Strait MPA ranged from 376 persons per year for Pandawa Resort to 39,486 person per year for the Nature Reserve Waringkabom. Two management areas were designed for mangrove ecotourism, namely Batanta management area and Gam island, Manswar islands, and South of Waigeo management area. These areas could be assigned as mangrove ecotourism based on resort management, based on property right of local community management and local customary management, and based on partnership and collaboration management.
The improvement of survival rate of land hermit crabs Coenobita (Malacostraca: Coenobitidae) in artificial habitat through multispecies and niche heterogeneity approach
Authors: Hutagalung R A , Adrian R , Prasasty D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Land hermit crabs are invertebrates having a unique shell and attractive behavior. In their natural habitat, they live in a group with different species. Meanwhile in an artificial habitat, they are usually maintained solitary, even solitaire that the necessities of social life are not fulfilled. This research was aimed to improve the survival rate of three species of hermit crabs (multispecies) through niche heterogeneity and to analyze their behaviors in an artificial habitat. Two treatments were evaluated including species types (multispecies combination) and habitat types (sand, hiding place, branch, open area). Coenobita perlatus preferred to climb and roam, especially at night, whereas C. brevimanus tend to burrow or hide while C. violacens preferred to hide. The highest survival rate was observed for C. brevimanus (91.66±0.143%) coexisted with two other species. C. perlatus showed the highest survival rate when they were mixed with C. brevimanus (83.61%±0.149). However, the survival was low when they were mixed with C. violacens. This result proved that hermit crabs need to coexist, but with the right species. The coexistence is possible by partitioning the resources.
Hydro-structural stability investigation of a 100 MW Francis turbine based on experimental tests and numerical simulations
Authors: Decaix J , Hasmatuchi V , Titzschkau M , Rapillard L , Münch-Alligné C 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This work focuses on a 100 MW Francis turbine prototype, part of one of the four horizontal ternary groups of Grimsel 2 PSPP, in Switzerland. Due to the massive integration of new renewable energy, the number of daily starts/stops of the machines has increased. Consequently, cracks on the runner blades of the Francis turbines have been noticed, without a clear explanation regarding the phenomenon responsible for their onset.
To identify the main stress-full operating condition causing these cracks, the full turbine hill chart has been covered during the in situ measurement campaign including start-up, speed no-load, deep part load, best efficiency, full load and shut-down operating conditions. Then hydro-structural stability diagnosis diagrams of the prototype have been established for the whole operating range of the turbine. In addition, CFD numerical simulations for different operating conditions, along with FEM structural and modal analysis of the runner, have been carried out.
The onboard measurements evidenced the highest mechanical stresses on the runner blades at speed no-load operating condition. This conclusion is supported by CFD and FEM analysis, which put in evidence the possible excitation of one of the runner’s eigen frequency by the fluctuations of the pressure field.
Experimental and computational investigation of fluid structure interaction of flexible tube’s dynamic properties
Authors: Kůrečka J. , Šedivý D. , Fialová S. , Habán V. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Flexible tubes are often used in hydraulic measurement, be it connection between pieces of hydraulic equipment or an extension from point of measurement to measuring sensor or as a substitute for a different material e.g. biological tissue. Such tube material allows for rather large deformation and therefore influences measured parameters. Laboratory set up consisting of pressure sensors and piston pulsator was used to gather experimental data. Frequency response and properties were obtained in a range of frequencies. Fluid structure interaction simulation using ANSYS FEM and Fluent CFD packages and simulation in ANSYS Mechanical with acoustic-capabilities were used to compare experimental and computational data. Results show correlation between different approaches. Suitability of flexible tubes is discussed regarding the obtained properties.
Dynamic Closing Modelling of the Penstock Protection Valve for Pipe Burst Simulations
Authors: Alligné S , Nicolet C , Chabloz P , Chapuis L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The penstock protection valve equipped with downstream air valve is a safety component aiming to cut off the discharge in case of pipe burst. The hydraulic transient simulation of pipe burst scenario is challenging since the closing time results from the system dynamics, air is admitted through the downstream air valve and cavitation may occur in the penstock. To perform such simulation, a dynamic model of the penstock protection valve is developed and presented in this paper. Closing time, maximum flow rate reached during the pipe burst or maximum oil pressure in the cylinder of servomotor during the non-linear closing law are results derived with this model. Moreover, influence of cavitation in the valve and in the penstock are considered in the model. It is showed that simulation of pipe burst should consider i) cavitation model in the penstock protection valve, ii) water column separation in the penstock and iii) air admission by the air valves located downstream to the valve to obtain realistic results.