bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
mRNA Delivery Using Bioreducible Lipidoid Nanoparticles Facilitates Neural Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Zhao Xuewei , Glass Zachary , Chen Jinjin , Yang Liu , Kaplan David L. , Xu Qiaobing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering and delivering biological molecules into MSCs has been used to control stem cell behavior. However, the efficient delivery of large biomolecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins into MSCs using nonviral delivery strategies remains an ongoing challenge. Herein, nanoparticles composed of cationic bioreducible lipid‐like materials (lipidoids) are developed to intracellularly deliver mRNA into human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The delivery efficacy to hMSCs is improved by adding three excipients including cholesterol, 1,2‐dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoethanolamine (DOPE), and 1,2‐distearoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoethanolamine‐polyethylene glycol (DSPE‐PEG) during lipidoid nanoparticle formulation. Using an optimized lipidoid formulation, Cas9 mRNA and single guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting neuron restrictive silencing factor (NRSF) are delivered to hMSCs, leading to successful neural‐like differentiation as demonstrated by the expression of synaptophysin (SYP), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), and neuron‐specific growth‐associated protein (SCG10). Overall, a synthetic lipid formulation that can efficiently deliver mRNA to hMSCs is identified, leading to CRISPR‐based gene knockdown to facilitate hMSCs transdifferentiation into neural‐like lineage.
pH, Nanosheet Concentration, and Antioxidant Affect the Oxidation of Ti3C2Tx and Ti2CTx MXene Dispersions
Authors: Zhao Xiaofei , Vashisth Aniruddh , Blivin Jackson W. , Tan Zeyi , Holta Dustin E. , Kotasthane Vrushali , Shah Smit A. , Habib Touseef , Liu Shuhao , Lutkenhaus Jodie L. , Radovic Miladin , Green Micah J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe chemical stability of 2D MXene nanosheets in aqueous dispersions must be maintained to foster their widespread application. MXene nanosheets react with water, which results in the degradation of their 2D structure into oxides and carbon residues. The latter detrimentally restricts the shelf life of MXene dispersions and devices. However, the mechanism of MXene degradation in aqueous environment has yet to be fully understood. In this work, the oxidation kinetics is investigated of Ti3C2Tx and Ti2CTx in aqueous media as a function of initial pH values, ionic strengths, and nanosheet concentrations. The pH value of the dispersion is found to change with time as a result of MXene oxidation. Specifically, MXene oxidation is accelerated in basic media by their reaction with hydroxyl anions. It is also demonstrated that oxidation kinetics are strongly dependent on nanosheet dispersion concentration, in which oxidation is accelerated for lower MXene concentrations. Ionic strength does not strongly affect MXene oxidation. The authors also report that citric acid acts as an effective antioxidant and mitigates the oxidation of both Ti3C2Tx and Ti2CTx MXenes. Reactive molecular dynamic simulations suggest that citric acid associates with the nanosheet edge to hinder the initiation of oxidation.
Highly Transparent and Colorless Nanocellulose/Polyimide Substrates with Enhanced Thermal and Mechanical Properties for Flexible OLED Displays
Authors: Chen Linlin , Yu Huang , Dirican Mahmut , Fang Dongjun , Tian Yan , Yan Chaoyi , Xie Jingyi , Jia Dongmei , Liu Hao , Wang Jiasheng , Tang Fangcheng , Zhang Xiangwu , Tao Jinsong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFlexible organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) displays have attracted worldwide attention and colorless polyimides (CPIs) are their key substrate materials. However, desirable CPIs are difficult to obtain since the thermal and mechanical properties are sacrificed during CPI production through modification of colored polyimide. Here, a cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)/CPI hybrid substrate with high optical, mechanical, and thermal properties is introduced. Due to the outstanding mechanical and thermal properties of CNCs as well as their strong interfacial interaction with CPI matrix, the sacrificed properties are made up and hybrid substrate is demonstrated strikingly improved thermal properties and mechanical properties with thermal decomposition temperature of 555 °C, upper operating temperature of 320 °C, glass transition temperature of 289 °C, coefficient of thermal expansion of 31.62 ppm K−1, tensile strength of 128 MPa, elastic modulus of 3.72 GPa, and folding capacity of 160 000 times. Particularly, the substrate keeps an excellent transmittance of 86% at 600 nm and it is colorless. The OLED devices built on the hybrid substrates show outstanding performance, which is superior to that of OLED@CPI, and comparable to that of OLED@glass. It is expected that this work will open new avenues for fabricating high‐performance and low‐cost flexible OLED devices.
E3 Ligase FBXW2 Is a New Therapeutic Target in Obesity and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Wang Cheng , Xu Wenjing , Chao Yuelin , Liang Minglu , Zhang Fengxiao , Huang Kai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractChronic low‐grade inflammation orchestrated by macrophages plays a critical role in metabolic chronic diseases, like obesity and atherosclerosis. However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here, the E3 ubiquitin ligase F‐box/WD Repeat‐Containing Protein 2 (FBXW2), the substrate‐binding subunit of E3 ubiquitin ligase SCF (a complex of FBXW2, SKP1, and cullin‐1), as an inflammatory mediator in macrophages, is identified. Myeloid‐specific FBXW2 gene deficiency improves both obesity‐associated with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis in murine models. The beneficial effects by FBXW2 knockout are accompanied by decreased proinflammatory responses and macrophage infiltration in the microenvironment. Mechanistically, it is identified that KH‐type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) is a new bona fide ubiquitin substrate of SCFFBXW2. Inhibition of KSRP prevents FBXW2‐deficient macrophages from exerting a protective effect on inflammatory reactions, insulin resistance and plaque formation. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the C‐terminus (P3) of FBXW2 competitively ablates the function of FBXW2 in KSRP degradation and serves as an effective inhibitor of obesity and atherogenesis progression. Thus, the data strongly suggest that SCFFBXW2 is an important mediator in the context of metabolic diseases. The development of FBXW2 (P3)‐mimicking inhibitors and small‐molecular drugs specifically abrogating KSRP ubiquitination‐dependent inflammatory responses are viable approaches for obesity and atherosclerosis treatment.
Combining early (<11 weeks’ gestation) ultrasound features and maternal factors to predict small‐for‐gestational age neonates
Authors: Hanchard Tracey J. , de Vries Bradley S. , Quinton Ann E. , Sinosich Michael , Hyett Jonathan A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesPlacental related adverse pregnancy outcomes such as fetal growth restriction have significant short‐ and long‐term implications for both mother and fetus. This study aimed to determine if conventional and novel early first trimester ultrasound measures are associated with small for gestational age (SGA) neonates. In addition, we aimed to assess whether a combination of ultrasound measures, maternal characteristics and biochemistry improved the prediction of this adverse pregnancy outcome.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study including ultrasound measurements: trophoblast thickness (TT), trophoblast volume (TV), mean uterine artery pulsatility index, crown‐rump length, fetal heart rate, mean sac diameter (MSD) and yolk sac diameter. Biochemical markers considered in the analysis were placental growth factor (PIGF), pregnancy – associated plasma protein A (PAPP‐A), beta human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha fetoprotein. Regression models were fitted for ultrasound parameters using multiples of the median (MoM). All measures were compared with normal birthweight (BW) ≥10th centile and SGA (BW < 10th centile). Logistic regression analysis was used to create a clinical prediction model for SGA based on maternal characteristics, ultrasound measurements at <11 weeks gestational age and maternal biochemistry collected at 10–14 weeks.ResultsAs compared to pregnancies delivered of babies with normal BW (n = 1068), MoM values for TT, TV, MSD, PAPP‐A and PIGF were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in pregnancies delivered of SGA babies (n = 73). The proposed logistic regression model includes maternal height, TV and PIGF resulting in an area under the receiver operator curve 0.70 (95% CI 0.63–0.76) for the prediction of SGA.ConclusionA significantly decreased TV, measured <11 weeks gestation, is predictive of BW < 10th centile. With addition of maternal height and PIGF, this three‐marker algorithm provided a reasonable predictive value for the development of SGA later in pregnancy.
Stereoselective C−C Oxidative Coupling Reactions Photocatalyzed by Zwitterionic Ligand Capped CsPbBr3 Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Yuan Yucheng , Zhu Hua , Hills‐Kimball Katie , Cai Tong , Shi Wenwu , Wei Zichao , Yang Hanjun , Candler Yolanda , Wang Ping , He Jie , Chen Ou 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSemiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have attracted tremendous attention in the field of photocatalysis, owing to their superior optoelectronic properties for photocatalytic reactions, including high absorption coefficients and long photogenerated carrier lifetimes. Herein, by choosing 2‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐3‐oxobutanenitrile as a model substrate, we demonstrate that the stereoselective (>99 %) C−C oxidative coupling reaction can be realized with a high product yield (99 %) using zwitterionic ligand capped CsPbBr3 perovskite QDs under visible light illumination. The reaction can be generalized to different starting materials with various substituents on the phenyl ring and varied functional moieties, producing stereoselective dl‐isomers. A radical mediated reaction pathway has been proposed. Our study provides a new way of stereoselective C−C oxidative coupling via a photocatalytic means using specially designed perovskite QDs.
Deoxygenative Fluorination of Phosphine Oxides: A General Route to Fluorinated Organophosphorus(V) Compounds and Beyond
Authors: Bornemann Dustin , Pitts Cody Ross , Wettstein Lionel , Brüning Fabian , Küng Sebastian , Guan Liangyu , Trapp Nils , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Togni Antonio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFluorinated organophosphorus(V) compounds are a very versatile class of compounds, but the synthetic methods available to make them bear the disadvantages of 1) occasional handling of toxic or pyrophoric PIII starting materials and 2) a dependence on hazardous fluorinating reagents such as XeF2. Herein, we present a simple solution and introduce a deoxygenative fluorination (DOF) approach that utilizes easy‐to‐handle phosphine oxides as starting materials and effectively replaces harsh fluorinating reagents by a combination of oxalyl chloride and potassium fluoride. The reaction has proven to be general, as R3PF2, R2PF3, and RPF4 compounds (as well as various cations and anions derived from these) are accessible in good yields and on up to a multi‐gram scale. DFT calculations were used to bolster our observations. Notably, the discovery of this new method led to a convenient synthesis of 1) new difluorophosphonium ions, 2) hexafluorophosphate salts, and 3) fluorinated antimony‐ and arsenic‐ compounds.
Improving glass transition temperature of unsaturated polyester thermosets: Conventional unsaturated polyester resins
Authors: Stuck Moritz , Krenz Irina , Schulze Kökelsum Benedikt , Boye Susanne , Voit Brigitte , Lorenz Reinhard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHighly crosslinkable unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) have attracted many interests in the application as reinforced matrix materials. Here, we present a systematical study of the influence of different curing conditions and styrene concentrations on resin viscosity and dynamic‐mechanical properties of the thermoset. The pure maleic Palapreg® P18‐03 was selected as model UPR because of its broad industrial use. By applying newly developed thermal curing profiles (without thermal initiators) and by raising the styrene content, the Tg of the network could be increased up to 206/215°C (1/10 Hz). For the first time, a fast curable UPR based on propylene glycol and neopentyl glycol with a Tg of up to 215°C is described. A partial substitution of problematic styrene with methylmethacrylate, tert‐butylacrylate, and maleic anhydride (MA) was studied as well. MA leads to significantly improved resin reactivity. A resin containing 42 wt% styrene and 8 wt% MA yields thermosets with remarkably improved mechanical properties and with a narrower glass transition range compared to the original P18‐03.
The reduction of adhesive application in plywood manufacturing by using nanocellulose‐reinforced urea‐formaldehyde resin
Authors: Kawalerczyk Jakub , Dziurka Dorota , Mirski Radosław , Siuda Joanna 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the effect of nanocellulose (cellulose nanocrystals [NCC]) addition to urea‐formaldehyde (UF) resin on the properties of plywood and the possibility of reducing resin spread rate in plywood production. The studies have shown the increase in viscosity of experimental adhesive mixture in comparison with reference one. On the basis of the bonding quality results, it was concluded that the NCC‐reinforcement led to significant improvement in bonding quality of plywood. Moreover, values of bending strength (modulus of rupture) and modulus of elasticity also increased because of the cellulosic nanoparticles introduction. The positive effect of NCC addition on the properties of plywood allowed the reduction of resin spread rate by 50 g/m2and maintaining equally good strength as reference panels. The modification with nanocellulose itself did not lead to a decrease of free formaldehyde content. However, allowing the reduction of adhesive application led to a slight decrease in the amount of emitted formaldehyde.
Robust tracking design for uncertain MIMO systems using proportional–integral controller of order v
Authors: Celentano Laura , Basin Michael V. , Chadli Mohammed 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper provides a systematic method to design robust tracking controllers of reference signals with bounded derivatives of order ν for uncertain multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) systems with bounded parametric uncertainties, in particular, of rational multi‐affine type, and/or in presence of disturbances with bounded derivatives of order ν. The proposed controllers have state‐feedback structures combined with proportional–integral regulators of order ν (PIν). Theoretical tools and systematic methodologies are provided to effectively design robust controllers for the considered systems, also in case of additional bounded nonlinearities and/or not directly measurable states. Applicability and efficiency of the proposed methods are validated through three examples: the first one is theoretical and useful to validate the proposed methodology, the second case study presents a metal‐cutting problem for an industrial robot, and the third example deals with a composite robot, such as a milling machine.
Latitude observations of the last century to obtain accurate independent latitude stations (INDLS) catalog of μδ for 682 Hipparcos stars and comparison with Gaia DR2
Authors: Damljanović Goran 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe independent latitude stations (INDLS) catalog of proper motion in declination μδ for 682 bright Hipparcos (HIP) stars is presented. It is obtained in the Hipparcos reference frame, and only the Hipparcos mean position at epoch 1991.25 is used for INDLS data to calculate independent μδ (the HIP μδ values are not included in the INDLS data). Catalog comparisons were made in pairs for the four catalogs (HIP, new Hipparcos—NHIP, Gaia DR2, INDLS) to look for possible systematic differences as a function of brightness, color, and position coordinates (α, δ). All catalogs were found to be in agreement, except 0.21 mas year−1 for differences in INDLS–DR2 in line with the brightness; −0.13 and 0.24 mas year−1 for differences in HIP–DR2 in line with the free term and brightness, respectively; and −0.16, 0.23, and 0.13 mas year−1 for differences NHIP–DR2 in line with the free term, brightness, and color, respectively. A slightly better consistency is observed in the cases of INDLS–NHIP and INDLS–DR2 than HIP–DR2 and NHIP–DR2. The systematic error is in line with brightness on the level 0.1 mas year−1 in DR2 and, near 0.1 mas year−1, in line with color. An indication that the bright reference frame of DR2 rotates by about 0.1 mas year−1 relative to the faint quasar frame is in line with a presented sinusoidal curve of differences μδ as a function of α. Its amplitude is A = 0.53 ± 0.11 mas year−1 for INDLS–DR2 (0.26 ± 0.07 for INDLS–NHIP); about 0.2 belongs to DR2. The level of formal errors is near 1.9 mas year−1 for the case INDLS–DR2 and near 1.5 for: INDLS–NHIP, HIP–DR2, and NHIP–DR2. The values μδ of bright DR2 stars could be underestimated; the astrometry is unreliable for G ≤ 6 mag due to detector saturation.
Evaluation of a concurrent‐operant demand assessment to determine task preference
Authors: Lloveras Lindsay A. , Call Nathan A. , Bourret Jason C. , Slocum Sarah K. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe conducted a concurrent‐operant demand assessment (CODA) to identify a hierarchy of preference for demands in 17 individuals who exhibited problem behavior. We presented demands in pairs, with selection between demands serving as the dependent variable. The reinforcing efficacy of escape from the most‐ and least‐selected demands from the CODA was evaluated for 7 participants using progressive‐ratio (PR) schedules. Outcomes from the PR analysis corresponded with the rank order of demands from the CODA. Four of these seven participants were subsequently exposed to a brief CODA with only two items, which consisted of successive presentations of the most‐ and least‐selected demands from the CODA. Outcomes of the brief CODA corresponded with the PR and CODA for 3 out of 4 participants. These results suggest that the CODA might be an effective technology to determine a hierarchy of preference for demands for assessment and treatment purposes.
Influence of synthesis parameters on the optical and photocatalytic properties of solvo/hydrothermal CuS and ZnS nanoparticles
Authors: Shahi Shima , Saeednia Samira , Iranmanesh Parvaneh , Hatefi Ardakani Mehdi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCopper sulfide and zinc sulfide nanostructures were synthesized using a solvo/hydrothermal method and a thio Schiff base ligand, N‐benzylidene ethanethioamide, as a source of sulfide ions. The effects of different synthesis parameters including the type of solvent, temperature, and duration of reactions on the morphology of the CuS and ZnS products were investigated using field emission scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The structural aspects of the samples were characterized using powder X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray analysis. The optical properties of the samples were studied through their optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra. The photocatalytic ability of the as‐synthesized sulfides was explored by studying the colour removal of methylene blue under ultraviolet light irradiation.
The synthesis and modification of highly fluorescent carbon quantum dots for reversible detection of water‐soluble phosphonate‐1‐hydroxyethane‐1,1‐diphosphonic acid by fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Lu Xin , Wang Fengyun , Lei Wu , Xia Mingzhu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPhotoluminescent (PL) carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were prepared successfully using a facile and green procedure. They exhibited striking blue fluorescence and excellent optical properties, with a quantum yield as high as 61.44%. Due to the fluorescence quenching effect and the stronger complexing ability of the phosphoric acid group of 1‐hydroxyethane‐1,1‐diphosphonic acid (HEDP) to Fe3+, CQDs doped with Fe3+ were adequately constructed as an efficient and sensitive fluorescent probe for HEDP‐specific sensing. The proposed fluorescent probe had a sensitive and rapid response in the range 5–70 μM. Furthermore, quantitative molecular surface (QMS) analysis based on the Multiwfn program was applied to explore the complexation mode of HEDP and metal ions. The distribution of electrostatic potential (ESP), average local ionization energy (ALIE), the minimum value points and the position of the lone pair electrons on the surface of molecular van der Waals were further determined. More strikingly, this experiment achieved the quantitative detection of water‐soluble phosphonate‐HEDP, for the first time using fluorescence spectrometry. It has been proved to be an effective and intuitive sensing method for the detection of HEDP in real samples.
Photoluminescence studies and synthesis of BaSO3Cl2:Ce3+ blue‐emitting lamp phosphor
Authors: Panse V.R. , Zade D.B. , Milind Jog , Dhoble S.J. , Cengiz Korhan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe photoluminescence excitation and emission spectra of BaSO3Cl2:Ce3+ phosphor were investigated. Excitation wavelength was 323 nm. The phosphor was prepared using a combustion synthesis method. The emission spectrum exhibited a well defined asymmetric band with a maximum at 445 nm for higher emission concentrations. The prepared samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence and Commission Internationale de l'éclairage colour coordinates; emission intensity was related to relative Ce3+ concentration. These developments enabled the rapid and energy‐efficient production of fine particles in the powder form with little expenditure. No additional emission band was observed in the emission spectra, demonstrating that the Ce3+ ion occupied one category of site in the prepared host phosphor.
Colostomy and quality of life after spinal cord injury: systematic review
Authors: Waddell O , McCombie A , Frizelle F 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Spinal cord injury (SCI) has a significant impact on the quality of life (QoL) of affected patients. The aim of this review was to determine whether colostomy formation improves QoL in patients with SCI.

Methods
The Cochrane Register, MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL were searched using medical subject headings. The search was extended to the reference lists of identified studies,ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry. All clinical trials that included spinal injury and QoL, time spent on bowel care, and patient satisfaction with stoma were assessed.

Results
A total of 15 studies were found (including 488 patients with a stoma), of which 13 were retrospective cross-sectional studies and two were case–control studies, one of which was prospective research. Nine of 11 studies focusing on QoL reported that patients' QoL was improved by the stoma, whereas the remaining two studies found no difference. Time spent on bowel care was significantly reduced in all 13 studies that considered this outcome, with patients reducing the average time spent on bowel care from more than 1 h to less than 15 min per day. All 12 studies assessing patient satisfaction with their stoma reported high patient satisfaction.

Conclusion
Stoma formation improves QoL, reduces time spent on bowel care, and increases independence. Stoma is an option that could be discussed and offered to patients with spinal cord injury.