bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Project of the Transcendental Philosophy of I. Kant and the Descriptive Metaphysics of P. Strawson: Similarities and Differences
Authors: Katrechko Sergey 
Published: September 2020

The paper discusses the Strawsonian concept of descriptive metaphysics and its various implementations in conceptions of I. Kant, R.G. Collingwood and P.F. Strawson, their similarities and differences. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of Kant&apos;s transcendental philosophy (resp. transcendental idealism), or its metaphysics of appearance as a pioneer version of descriptive metaphysics and its comparison with the version of descriptive metaphysics of P. Strawson himself.
Association of Clinicopathologic Features with the Depth of Invasion in Acral Melanoma
Authors: Gipsyianti Nastassa , Aminah Usman Hermin , Aziz Afiati , Hernowo Bethy 
Published: September 2020

Abstract: Thickness is the major prognostic indicator for patients with melanoma. The deeper of the invasion, the higher the incidence of metastasis and the lower the survival rate. To reduce mortality, knowledge of the characteristics associated with melanoma depth is needed.
Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to 40 cases of acral melanoma, in the Anatomical Pathology Department of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran /Hasan Sadikin Hospital. To examine association between depth of invasion and clinicopathological features data were analyzed used non-parametric Mann Whitney test. P value p<0.05 was considered significant.
Result: Tumor infiltrating lymphocyte have associations with depth of invasion on acral melanoma with significant result (p=0.003).
Conclusion: TILs was associated with the invasion depth of acral melanoma and may play important roles during the invasion process of acral melanoma.
Corporate Profits and Business Ethics: Are They Coexisting in Current Financial Circumstance?
Authors: Sun Qing 
Published: September 2020

<p>Due to the growing awareness of corporate malfeasance, the relationship between social obligation and business ethics have been paid more and more attention in recent years in many areas, because the connection of the two brings significant benefits to enterprises. Except for creating profits for shareholders, commercial enterprises also have some social responsibilities. This paper expounds the concept of corporate ethics and social obligation according to the necessity of combining them and shows that the purpose of rising business profits is accordant to the philanthropy, business ethics and profits are mutual promotion. From an entrepreneur’s perspective, social responsibility and business ethics are crucial to enlarge an enterprise. Concretely, they consider that business ethics could bring about good relationships among employees, customers and communities. Not only that, they also think that better public profile or renown, higher customer faith, steady and healthy community relationships benefit socially responsible companies with less operating costs and make recommendations, which ultimately makes sense of these findings.</p>
Practical Application of Earned Value in Software Project Management—Taking the Developed IT Project as an Example
Authors: Zhang Shuangxi 
Published: September 2020

<p>Earned value management (EVM) emerged in the United States in the 1960s<sup>[1]</sup>. It is used as an important standard of project cost management and progress management. The focus of earned value is to accurately measure the specific plan and actual performance of a project, which can accurately predicts the final cost and schedule results of the project. Earned value is based on the integration of various means of project management, so that the real cost performance of the project can be reflected, which is not achieved by other project management technologies. Based on the actual B2B project of ABCD company, this paper studies the application of earned value in practice.</p>
Potensi Perolehan Energi Listrik dalam Proses Pengolahan Limbah Tahu Melalui Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC)
Authors: Syafaati Ayu Diah , Wulan Diana Rahayuning , Nugraha Irwan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract - The need of energy in Indonesia was increasing and encouraging to develope some efficient renewable technology and environmental friendly researches. One of the alternative energy that can be used is Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC). Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) works by using microorganisms to degrade organic compounds that can generate electrical energy. Several studies have been conducted on Single Chamber MFC. In this study, conducted to determine the effect of wastewater treatment through Stack Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) on current producing. The system used carbon brush electrode, Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) as cation exchanger, tofu liquid waste as source of substrate, and bacterial isolated tofu liquid waste as degrading organic substrate, that has known in system's ability to generate electrical energy as well as reduce COD value. Optical Density (OD) value was measured to determine the metabolic activity of bacteria, with wavelength 570 nm. The research showed that Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) that lasted for 72 hours resulted potential of electrical current 0.96 mA at Stack MFC and Blank 0,43 mA. The acquisition of electric current Stack MFC was greater than Blank Single Chamber. In addition, it also decreased Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value in the range of 28-38%.
Keywords - Chemical Oxygen Demand, Current, Microbial Fuel Cell , Stack MFC, Tofu liquid waste
Kualitas Biobriket Ampas Tebu Hasil Pirolisis Sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif
Authors: Ramadhan Alfin , Ghazali Anelki Amri , Maryamah Maryamah 
Published: September 2020

Saat ini, Indonesia membutuhkan sumber energi yang besar dan mayoritas penggunaan energi di Indonesia menggunakan bahan bakar fosil, yaitu Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM), batubara, dan gas. Penggunaan bahan bakar fosil ini selain merusak lingkungan, juga tidak terbarukan (nonrenewable) dan tidak berkelanjutan (unsustainable). Oleh karena itu, untuk mengantisipasi pencemaran lingkungan diperlukan sumber energi lain yang dapat digunakan masyarakat. Dalam hal ini, biobriket dari ampas tebu dapat menjadi solusinya karena mudah didapat, murah, dan ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini melakukan 3 pengujian yaitu: kadar air, nilai kalor, dan laju pembakaran di mana pengujian kadar air menggunakan digital moisture meter. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah biobriket dengan perekat kanji 20 g dan 40 g, yang mana dihasilkan kualitas biobriket terbaik dengan perekat yang lebih sedikit.
Merekonstruksi Sejarah SUB Komandemen Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Ravico Ravico 
Published: September 2020

Local history is often underestimated, so many primary sources of history are neglected and damaged. Therefore, the need for the existence of the museum as a container for the preservation of historical sites. For example, the Museum Subkoss Garuda Sriwijaya, which stores objects of community struggle in Southern Sumatera against the Dutch Colonial. However, lack of interest and information so that many collections in the museum are considered as insignificant data. Therefore, the need to reconstruct the history behind the museum collection as a first step. This research uses historical research methods with steps, namely; heuristics, verification, interpretation and historiography. To analyze the data obtained, the archeological approach is used to study historical heritage objects to find the facts behind the objects. The results of this study confirm that this museum building has a long historical value from its function as a government office during the Dutch and Japanese colonial periods and was once a sub -oss headquarters. In the fight against invaders, there are some relics such as the C3082 steam locomotive, Jeep Willys STD 156 car, flat cannon and landmijn. All of these objects have a long history of maintaining independence.

Keywords : Museum, History and Subkoss
Trait-specific testing of the equal environment assumption: The case of school grades and upper secondary school attendance
Authors: Mönkediek Bastian 
Published: September 2020

Objective: This paper tests the equal environment assumption for school grades and upper secondary school attendance and describes the conditions under which violations are problematic.
Background: A growing number of sociologists use twin-based research designs, particularly the Classical Twin Design (CTD), to differentiate between genetic and social causes of social inequalities. One key assumption of CTD is that environmental influences are shared by monozygotic and dizygotic twins to the same extent; called the equal environment assumption (EEA). This assumption is frequently contested and the target of concern, because violation can result in an overestimation of heritability and an underestimation of the role of the social environment.
Method: Using data from the first wave of the German TwinLife study, the paper illustrates two approaches to test EEA for school grades and enrolment in upper secondary school (Gymnasium). The analysis is based on a sample of twins (N = 1,576) aged ten to twelve years.
Results: The results show that the approaches are able to detect violations of EEA (though in different ways), depending on the environmental variables that might causally be involved in trait variance. Only in one case was a violation was observed; it had no effect on heritability estimates.
Conclusion: While EEA holds for school grades, violations do not automatically invalidate CTD in case of upper secondary school attendance.
Risk Factors for Lower Extremity Amputation in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Dewi Gusti Agung Ayu Ira Kencana , Wibisono Sony , Pawana I Putu Alit 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome that is marked by higher blood glucose. The uncontrolled high blood glucose can lead to complication, such as diabetic foot. Diabetic foot is the most reason why diabetic patients are hospitalized. Diabetic foot that cannot heal may lead to lower extremity amputation. The purpose of this study was to describe the risk factors of lower extremity amputation in diabetic foot ulcer patients.Methods: This study used a case-control study of diabetic foot patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017. This study used the data from medical records in Inpatient Installation Department of Internal Medicine. Patients with diabetic foot ulcer and lower extremity amputation due to diabetes were included in this study. Incomplete medical records were excluded. Data of samples were divided to two groups, i.e. the amputation group and the non-amputation group with a ratio of 1:1. Risk factors of amputation that were analyzed were male, old age, and the history of ulcer/lower extremity amputation.Results: Based on the data of 36 samples, there were 11 male patients (61.1%) and 7 female patients (38.9%) who experienced lower extremity amputation. The average age of amputation group was 59.61 years old with a range of ages from 39 to 72 years old. This study found the risk factors for lower extremity amputation in diabetic foot ulcer patients was the history of ulcer/amputation due to diabetes (OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.065-23.464, p = 0.034). Conclusion: The risk factor for lower extremity amputation in diabetic foot ulcer patients was the history of ulcer/amputation due to diabetes.
Destinies of editions about the Russian-Japanese War in the collections of pre-revolutionary military libraries
Authors: Panchenko A. M. , Timofeeva Yu. V. 
Published: September 2020

The relevance of the topic is due to the great role of military-historical literature and libraries as its repositories in forming the historical memory ofthe people, which is important for ensuring the spiritual security of the country. The article is the first to examine publications on the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905 from the book collection of the “House of Officers of the Novosibirsk Garrison” of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, got from other military libraries. The purpose of the article is to identify the fate of military libraries. Research tasks are: 1) to calculate the number of publications on the Russian-Japanese War in the book collection of the “House of Officers...”; 2)to reconstruct their repertoire; 3) to determine libraries which collections they were originally included in. The study methodologically bases on historic, objective, systematic principles, localization of historical facts. Methods used are that of source studying, comparative and statistical. The work is done on a wide representative source base, constituted from pre-revolutionary publications of the “Houses of Officers...,” periodicals, regulatory and legal documents of the military department. 21 catalogs of officer libraries were analyzed, confirming the presence of issues on the Russian-Japanese War in them. As a result of the study, 92 pre-revolutionary works in 100 copies dedicated to the Russian-Japanese War were revealed in the library of the House of Officers. For 66 of them in 71 copies the former ownership of 18 military libraries was established. Their repertoire was reconstructed. The results show that the First World War, which destroyed the personnel of the Russian army, became an involuntary cause of the ruin of ­military libraries, having left them without supervision in the places of the previous quartering of troops and deprived them of officers - enthusiasts of ­librarianship. The revolutions of 1917, radical transformations of Soviet power and the Civil War completed the ruin of the tsarist army military libraries, which ceased to exist as independent book collections. The study has expanded the understanding of the state role in military-historical works’ dissemination and military libraries’ collections replenishment.
Pengaruh Jumlah Katalis CaO Terhadap Karakteristik Produk pada Sintesis Gliserol Karbonat
Authors: Fitriyano Gema , B Syamsudin A , Adiwarna Adiwarna , Fauziah Sarah 
Published: September 2020

<p><strong>ABSTRAK. </strong>Senyawa gliserol karbonat merupakan turunan gliserol yang saat ini masih berkembang pemanfaatannya. Sintesis gliserol karbonat menggunakan gliserol dan urea menjanjikan untuk diaplikasikan karena bahan baku yang lebih mudah didapatkan, penanganan lebih sederhana dan lebih murah dibandingkan proses sintesis lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan karakterisasi terhadap produk hasil reaksi gliserolisis urea yang dioperasikan pada kondisi operasi suhu 140<sup>o</sup>C, tekanan 0,7 atm selama 4 jam dengan variasi jumlah katalis CaO 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5% mol. Bahan hasil reaksi dianalisis gugus fungsinya menggunakan instrumen <em>Fourier Transform Infra Red</em> (<em>FTIR)</em>dan komposisi senyawanya menggunakan instrumen <em>Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry</em> (<em>GC-MS</em>). Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan terhadap produk, didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa kondisi optimum pada penelitian ini terlihat pada produk hasil reaksi gliserolsis urea dengan jumlah penggunaan katalis 5% mol dengan nilai konversi 23%.</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT. The Influence of the Catalyst Amount of CaO on the Product Characteristics in Glycerol Carbonate Synthesis. </strong>Glycerol carbonate is a glycerol derivative that is currently still developing its use. The synthesis of glycerol carbonate using glycerol and urea promises to be applied because raw materials are easier to obtain, handling is simpler and cheaper than other synthesis processes. This study aims to characterize the product of the urea glycerolysis reaction in the operating conditions of 140<sup>o</sup>C, thepressure of 0,7 atm for 4 hours with variation in the amount of CaO catalyst 1, 2, 3, 4,and 5% mol. Characterization of the reaction products was analyzed by functional groups using the FTIR instrument and compound composition analysis using the GC-MS instrument. According tothe results of the analysis carried out on the product, it was concluded that the optimum conditions in this study were seen in the product of the reaction of urea glycerolsis with 5% mol catalyst amount with a 23% conversion.</p><p> </p>
A comparison of medical student competency, attitudes and knowledge of abortion care after a structured clinical curriculum
Authors: Gardner Hallie , Zimmerman Marguerite , Flanigan Moira , Baldwin Maureen K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Abortion care is a core educational objective according to the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics (APGO), but clinical exposure is variable in medical education. The authors sought to compare professional competency, attitudes, and knowledge regarding abortion between students who attended a structured clinical experience in abortion care to those who chose a less-structured family planning clinical environment.Methods: All medical students participating in the Obstetrics & Gynecology clerkship from 2014-2015 were invited to complete a pre- and post-clerkship survey and grouped based on their attendance to a structured clinical abortion experience at Planned Parenthood (PPCW) versus an alternative Family Planning Clinic (FPC) experience. Self-assessed competency and attitudes about abortion were measured using a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). Authors assessed knowledge about abortion with multiple-choice questions.Results: A total of 89 students completed the surveys (PPCW: 74; FPC: 15). Students attending PPCW were more likely to observe counseling about abortion and ultrasound prior to abortion (PPCW: 67/74, 91%; FPC: 4/15, 27%, p=<0.01). More PPWC students observed a surgical abortion (91% versus 7% of FPC students). Self-assessed competency scores improved with composite mean difference in VAS for PPCW of 42.2 mm and FPC of 27.3 mm (p=0.02). Attitude scores were unchanged in those with initial VAS <80 mm. Knowledge improved overall, with greater changes among the PPCW group.Conclusions: Self-perceived competence for counseling about abortion increased significantly more for medical students who participated in a structured clinical abortion experience, compared to ad hoc clinical abortion experience, regardless whether they observed an abortion.
The dynamic antibody responses on COVID-19 patients with different severity: A retrospective research
Authors: Lu Wanrong , Wu Ping , He Liang , Meng Yifan , Wu Peng , Ding Wencheng , Liu Jia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the association between dynamic antibody responses and the clinical severity of COVID-19. MethodsWe collected complete follow-up data of 777 pathogen-confirmed COVID-19 patients with corresponding IgG/IgM testing results. ResultsWe found the overall positive rates of IgG and IgM in severe patients were slightly higher than those in non-severe patients. In addition, higher IgG levels were detected in severe patients compared with non-severe patients (P=0.026). Through further analysis, our results showed that the statistical difference in the IgG only significant in serum samples taken ≤14 days from disease onset (P<0.001). In 74 patients who taken detection more than three times, by analyzing the antibody expression levels at different time points, we found that the difference between IgG was more obvious than that of IgM among severe/non-severe patients. In multivariate logistic regression models, after adjusting for cofactors, the higher anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG level before 14 days from disease onset was independently associated with severe disease in COVID-19 (OR=1.310, 95%CI= 1.137-1.509).ConclusionWe observed differences in antibody responses among COVID-19 patients with different disease severity. A high IgG level in the first 14 days from disease onset might positively associate with severe disease.
Isolation of Bacterial causes of Respiratory Infections in Calves in Smallholder farms in and around Gonder Town, Ethiopia
Authors: Manaye Tefera , Asnake Pawlos Wasihun , Abraha Ashebr , Fentie Tsegaw 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is considered as the major cause of severe respiratory tract infections in calves. Pasteurellosis is a multifactorial respiratory disease, which mainly affect calves within four weeks of weaning. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2017 to April 2018 in and around Gondar town, Amhara Regional State, North West of Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to isolate Mannheimia and Pasteurella species from calves up to six months old, and to assess the associated risk factors with the occurrence of respiratory disease. Sex, age (< 16 weeks and > 16 weeks), body condition status (poor, medium, good), breed (local and cross breed), livelihood (mixed crop and urban), farming systems (semi intensive and intensive), herd size (small medium, and large), maternity pens (present or absent), and method of colostrum feedings (hand bucket and suckling) were the examined risk factors.Results: A total of 84 nasopharyngeal swab samples were collected from calves with any signs of illness related to pasteurellosis. The overall isolation rate of the respiratory pathogens was 64/84 (76.2%) (95% CI=65.7-84.8), with 46.4% of Mannheimia haemolytica and 28.8% Pasteurella multocida isolates. The distribution of pathogens was statistically higher (P< 0.001) in calves with respiratory problems (93.6%; 95% CI= 82.5-98.7) compared to those with no symptoms of respiratory illness (54.1%; 95% CI= 36.9-70.5). Among the examined risk factors age, sex, breed, farming system were found to be potential risk factors and significantly associated with Pasteurella infection of calves (p<0.05). The higher isolation rate of Mannheimia haemolytica indicated that it is the major cause of respiratory disease in the study area.Conclusion: The present finding revealed that pasteurellosis is one of the major diseases of calves in the study area in which M. haemolytica and P. multocida were found to be commonly involved in respiratory infections. Improved farm management including timely feeding of colostrum, appropriate hygiene of the calf house and training of farmers is recommended to prevent and control of respiratory diseases in the study area.
Efficacy of “Essential Iodine Drops” Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Authors: Köntös Zoltán 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Aerosolization of respiratory droplets is considered the main route of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, reducing the viral load of Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeCoronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) shed via respiratory dropletsis potentially an ideal strategy to prevent the spread of the pandemic. The in vitro virucidal activity of intranasal Povidone-Iodine (PVP-I) has been demonstrated recently to reduce SARS-CoV-2 viral titres. This study evaluated the virucidal activity of the aqueous solution of Iodine-V (a clathrate complex formed by elemental iodine and fulvic acid) as in Essential Iodine Drops (EID) with 200 µg elemental iodine/ml content against SARS-CoV-2 to ascertain whether it is a better alternative to PVP-I. Methods: SARS-CoV-2 (USAWA1/2020 strain) virus stock was prepared by infecting Vero 76 cells (ATCC CRL-1587) until cytopathic effect (CPE). The virucidal activity of EID against SARS-CoV-2 was tested in three dilutions (1:1; 2:1 and 3:1) in triplicates by incubating at room temperature (22 ± 2°C) for either 60 or 90 seconds. The surviving viruses from each sample were quantified by a standard end-point dilution assay. Results: EID (200 µg iodine/ml) after exposure for 60 and 90 seconds was compared to controls. In both cases, the viral titre was reduced by 99% (LRV 2.0). The 1:1 dilution of EID with virus reduced SARS-CoV-2 virus from 31,623 cell culture infectious dose 50% (CCCID50) to 316 CCID50 within 90 seconds. Conclusion: Substantial reductions in LRV by Iodine-V in EID confirmed the activity of EID against SARSCoV-2 in vitro, demonstrating that Iodine-V in EID is effective at inactivating the virus in vitro and therefore suggesting its potential application intranasally to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission from known or suspected COVID-19 patients.