bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High quality sugarcane bagasse-citric acid particleboards
Authors: Syamani F A , Sudarmanto  , Subyakto  , Subiyanto B 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe productivity of Indonesian sugarcane plantation, especially in East Java province reached 1.186.515 tonnes in 2017. Sugarcane liquid is extracted as sugar raw material and set aside sugarcane bagasse as waste of about 30% from total sugarcane weight. Usually sugarcane bagasse is burned to operate boiler in sugarcane mill. Meanwhile, the utilization of sugarcane bagasse, combine with citric acid for high quality particleboards production would be highly recommended. In this study, effect of citric acid content and pressing temperature on sugarcane particleboards properties were analysed. The size and target density of particleboards were 300 x 300 x 9 mm and 0.8 g/cm3, respectively. Citric acid liquid (59%) were sprayed onto sugarcane particles, with varied citric acid content (10, 15, 20 % of sugarcane particle weight). To evaporate water, sugarcane particles which already contain citric acid were pre-dried in oven of 80°C for 6h until the moisture content in sugarcane particles-citric acid was less than 3%. Subsequently, the boards were produced under pressing temperature of 180°C and 200°C, for 10 min. The physical properties of boards produced using 25% citric acid and pressed at 200°C (thickness swelling 4.43%; water absorption 29.48%) were superior than the others boards. The infrared (IR) spectra analysis showed the presence of ester linkage, representing that the carboxyl groups of citric acid had reacted with the hydroxyl groups of the sugarcane particles, providing the boards good physical properties. The boards mechanical properties were fulfilled the requirement of the JIS A 5908:2003 for particleboards type 18 (modulus of rupture 21.88 N/mm2, modulus of elasticity 3944 N/mm2, internal bond 1.03 N/mm2, screw withdrawal 393 N).
Performance assessment of KOMBI, energy-saving biomass stove: a gender friendly technology for rural and semi urban communities
Authors: Nugroho H Y S H , Saad M , Isnan W , Suryaman A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The rural population who can hardly afford kerosene and LPG relies heavily on traditional biomass such as fuelwood, charcoal, and crop residues for cooking. The cooking is generally carried out with open fire/traditional stoves such as three stones fire which is inefficient biomass combustion, draining natural resources and consuming a lot of time and energy. Moreover, incomplete combustion of biomass produces a lot of smoke that emit concentrated fumes containing carbon monoxide and particulate solid matter, as well as methane, non-methane hydrocarbons, and black carbon aerosols. It poses a health risk to women and children spending hours in a poorly ventilated kitchen. Since 2017, BP2LHK Makassar has been developing KOMBI (Kompor Biomasa), a biomass-fueled stove, a gender friendly technology, aimed to develop improved biomass cook-stoves to provide cleaner and efficient cooking energy solutions in rural and peri-urban/semi-urban areas. Made of galvanized plate and iron materials, KOMBI consists of two main parts namely a combustion tube and an air chamber that holds and channels air from a 12 Volt, 0.2 Ampere of 12x12 cm2 DC fan. For communities around forest areas that have not been reached by the National Electric Company, the use of KOMBI is synergized with the construction of Micro-hydro power or Solar cell. From the results of direct trials in rural communities, KOMBI showed advantages over traditional cooking stoves in terms of: minimalizing smoke, more efficient combustion, shortening cooking time, and reduce biomass usage significantly. Compared to the traditional stoves, KOMBI saves the use of wood in a ratio of 1:10 and speeds up cooking time by a ratio of 1:3. Aside from the amount of wood used, another advantage of KOMBI is that KOMBI can use small size of wood such as tree branches, dried leaves, cacao fruit skin, charcoal briquettes, and even corn cobs. With the calculation of cooking time in the household is an average of 4 hours/day, the cost of electricity consumption for cooking using KOMBI is equivalent to Rp 475,-/month.
Inventory of wooden ship materials and determination of its alternative materials through wood properties approach: case studies in the Riau Islands, the Northern and Southern Coast of Java
Authors: Dewi L M , Damayanti R , Muslich M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Indonesia is an archipelago country with approximately two-thirds of its territory consisting of oceans, so that inter-islands transportation has become one of the most important economic aspects. Traditional wooden ships are commonly used by local people in the coastal areas for transportation to support their needs. Several wood species which have high durability are commonly used for making wooden ship component such as Eusideroxylon zwageri (ulin), Vitex sp. (laban), Tectona grandis (teak), and Instia bijuga (merbau). This study aims to determine the alternative materials for wooden ship based on inventory at the Riau islands, the Northern and Southern Coast of Java. Exploring the alternative materials for wooden ship is important to optimize the utilization of lesser- and least-known timbers and address the problem of decreasing supply of major commercial timbers. This study has identified many wood species used by coastal fishermen for making wooden ship. Identification of wood species was carried out using microscopic observation based on IAWA standard, while the determination of alternative materials was undertaken through wood properties approach. The results show that there were various wood species used as raw materials for ship components. Some identified wood species are Tectona grandis (teak), Shorea sp. (balau and light-red meranti), Dichrostachys cinerea (pung), Ormosia subseraceae (kupang), Lumnitzera littorea (teruntum), Alseodaphne sp. (medang). Several alternative wood species to substitute current materials are elaborated in the paper.
Physicochemical characteristics of west Sumatera's forest honey
Authors: Wiratmoko M D E , Pribadi A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Asian giant honeybees (Apis dorsata) have an important economic role for the community around the forest and forest’s health. However, degradation and conversion of forest are the main threats for its existence and distribution. Thus, the conservation strategy needs to be developed to maintain their honey production. Moreover, natural landscapes in West Sumatera province makes some unique characteristics of the honey since in each bioregion has its vegetations. This study aimed to characterize the physicochemical characteristics of West Sumatra’s forest honey. Observation and survey were used as the research method. SNI 3545:2013 was used as a reference for making the comparison between bioregions. The result showed that physicochemical characteristics of West Sumatra`s forest honey taken from many bioregions have already met the standard required by SNI 3545: 2013. Furthermore, the physicochemical characteristics are not significantly different between its bioregions.
Utilization of timber harvesting residues for wood pellet production: A green strategy to improve timber concession’s profitability
Authors: Ruslandi  , Novita N , Malik A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Production forests, which cover 70 million Ha or more than half of total Indonesia’s forest, should be actively managed in a sustainable way to avoid dangers of deforestation of tropical rain forests. A decreasing trend of numbers of operating timber concessions has been observed because of low profitability and supply issues. In an effort to reverse this tide, we conducted a comprehensive study by reviewing existing literature, analyzing financial details from six concessions and their three parent companies, and organizing workshop with multi stakeholders to improve the profitability of logging concessions through logging waste utilization for wood pellet production. Our study showed that timber harvesting waste utilization for wood pellet production is an attractive strategy to enhance profitability of timber concession because of supply availability, cost efficiency, and promising market for sustainable wood pellets in Japan. The waste wood is valuable but wasted resource, as 2.5 to 1 is the ratio of wood waste left behind to that of high value logs removed from the forest. In East Kalimantan, we estimated that the cost for wood pellet production, which corresponds to labor and equipment needed to remove and transport waste wood3, to be IDR 327, 250/m3 or USD 25 per m3. Further, we calculated that by selling the logging waste for the wood pellet production at the price of USD 37, a typical-sized concession of 50, 000 m3 annual timber production could make a profit of USD 570, 000 per year instead of losing USD 60, 000 under the current financial situation of the concession. This business is recommended for timber concessions with medium road hauls and less dependence on narrow, turbulent sections of rivers for rafting. Large-scale implementation of this strategy will be preceded by conducting a pilot project as a collaborative effort between The Nature Conservancy/Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara and Indonesia Ministry of Environment and Forestry.
The utilization of sago waste: prospect and challenges
Authors: Rasyid T H , Kusumawaty Y , Hadi S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The utilization of sago waste has been the subject of research which has studied aspects of sago bark, including sago wastewater effluent and fibre waste. This paper presents a review of the types of waste generated from sago processing plants, prospects and challenges of its utilization based on prior studies. During sago starch extraction, a large amount of sago tree bark would be separated, and wastewater mixed with fibre waste would be discharged daily. Therefore, it is important to train sago farmers and mill owners to manage and utilize waste. The development of sustainable management of sago requires support from all relevant stakeholders. Waste utilization should be promoted and the added value to be explained to the stakeholders to gain their interest and willingness to participate in waste processing plants. Sago waste management is recommended to focus on: (1) efforts to increase the yield and efficiency to reduce waste (2) improvement of the processing layout and mechanism to facilitate its utilization; (3) selection of appropriate drying methods to reduce the volume of liquid waste and facilitate further storage and processing; (4) the implementation of appropriate technology that can provide additional income to farmers and smallholder sago refineries.
Two-dimensional microfibril angle mapping via polarization microscopy for wood classification
Authors: Kita Y , Mizuno-Tazuru S , Sugiyama J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A new method is presented for measuring microfibril angles (MFAs) from transverse tree sections by using polarized optical microscopy combined with a liquid-crystal tunable filter. The MFA transition analysis of tree growth rings via generalized two-dimensional correlation is proposed. The unique features of two anatomically similar Cupressaceae species, Chamaecyparis obtusa S. & Z. and Thujopsis dolabrata S. & Z. and its variant, were extracted through MFA analysis. The technique efficiently visualized MFA distributions under wide field observation and uncovered seasonal differences. Classification results of supervised models exhibited 60% accuracy, despite featureless cross-sections of the conifers. Overall, MFA is a promising index that can identify specific features of wood species.
‘The Impossible Balancing Act’: Reconstructing Liveness with NT Live’s Hedda Gabler
Authors: Zhou Yangzi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This article traces Ivo van Hove’s Hedda Gabler from its staging by the National Theatre to its screening in China as a National Theatre Live production. I investigate how as a form of intermedial and international performance, NT Live alters the concept of ‘liveness’ between multiple frames of production and reception. During the delayed international transmission of NT Live, liveness is intertwined with the connections and variations between audience communities, making it an indicator of each experience’s distinctive condition and locality rather than a proof of the reproduction and retainment of sameness. A case study of the National Theatre’s Hedda Gabler from stage to screen and to China reveals that while van Hove’s production constructs an intimate and exclusive community by strengthening the co-present corporeality of performers and spectators in theatre, the delayed screenings, in order to balance the loss of spatial and temporal liveness, employ culturally specific strategies to produce multiple mediatized, digitally ‘live’ experiences for new audience communities. By means of moulding theatre into technology-supported media, utilizing and negotiating with local audience’s horizons of expectations as well as their feedback to the screened production, NT Live adapts the original performance and redefines liveness in exchange for an expanded outreach beyond national and cultural borders. It opens up and engages various audience communities whose participation sheds light on the cultural and political potentials and limitations of liveness in the age of digitalization and multimedia.
The mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic novel nucleic acids for hepatocellular carcinoma emerging in past score years
Authors: Zhang Song , Zhou Ying , Wang Yanan , Wang Zhengwen , Xiao Qitao , Zhang Ying , Lou Yan , Qiu Yunqing , Zhu Feng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Despite The Central Dogma states the destiny of gene as ‘DNA makes RNA and RNA makes protein’, the nucleic acids not only store and transmit genetic information but also, surprisingly, join in intracellular vital movement as a regulator of gene expression. Bioinformatics has contributed to knowledge for a series of emerging novel nucleic acids molecules. For typical cases, microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) exert crucial role in regulating vital biological processes, especially in malignant diseases. Due to extraordinarily heterogeneity among all malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged enormous limitation in diagnosis and therapy. Mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic nucleic acids for HCC emerging in past score years have been systematically reviewed. Particularly, we have organized recent advances on nucleic acids of HCC into three facets: (i) summarizing diverse nucleic acids and their modification (miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, circulating tumor DNA and DNA methylation) acting as potential biomarkers in HCC diagnosis; (ii) concluding different patterns of three key noncoding RNAs (miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA) in gene regulation and (iii) outlining the progress of these novel nucleic acids for HCC diagnosis and therapy in clinical trials, and discuss their possibility for clinical applications. All in all, this review takes a detailed look at the advances of novel nucleic acids from potential of biomarkers and elaboration of mechanism to early clinical application in past 20 years.
Creative Action Under Two Copyright Regimes: Filmmaking and Visual Arts in Australia and the United States
Authors: Sinnreich Aram , Aufderheide Patricia , Newman Donte 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA comparison of the behaviors of two creative populations operating within cross-media environments in the United States and Australia tests the comparative effect of the two nations' legal environments on the range of creative expression and on costs of production in increasingly digitized production processes. The U.S. creators have access to the flexible and expansive exception of fair use, while Australian creators' ability to use third-party copyrighted content are far more constrained. While availability of copyright exceptions plays a crucial role, other factors including demographics, disciplinary norms, and social inequality may also be important in creative practices and professions.
To Affinity and Beyond: Clicking as Communicative Gesture on the Experimentation Platform
Authors: Gilmore James N 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article analyzes how users' engagements with digital platforms through the act of clicking are coded as meaningful for the production of affinity, a way of assessing identity amongst users. Drawing on an understanding of identity as related to the Latin idem—or same—this article explores how streaming media company Netflix uses click-based A/B testing to create “taste doppelgängers” that live in “taste communities” and help structure the recommendations, home pages, and image thumbnails that users experience. Clicks are figured as communicative gestures that platform engineers decode and analyze as part of ongoing experiments for refining algorithms and interface design. Drawing additionally on an analysis of Netflix's recent move into interactive television—in particular, Black Mirror: Bandersnatch—this article ultimately argues for attention to how platforms like Netflix treat users as test subjects for the purposes of constructing idem-based affinities.
Caesarean delivery and the use of antidepressants
Authors: Bíró Anikó , Elek Péter 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
The high ratio of caesarean sections (C-sections) is a major public health issue in the developed world; but its implications on maternal mental health are not well understood.

Methods
We use individual-level administrative panel data from Hungary between 2010 and 2016 to analyze the relationship between caesarean delivery and antidepressant consumption, an objective indicator of mental health. We focus on low-risk deliveries of mothers without subsequent birth in 3 years, and include around 135 000 observations.

Results
After controlling for medical and socio-economic variables, antidepressant use before delivery is associated with an elevated risk of C-section (adjusted OR = 1.10, 95% CI 1.05–1.14) and C-section is associated with a higher probability of antidepressant use within 1–3 years after delivery (e.g. adjusted OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.12–1.30, within 3 years after delivery, among mothers without pre-delivery antidepressant consumption). Our data restriction ensures that the results are not driven by a mechanical impact of decreasing fertility on the continuation of antidepressant use after a C-section.

Conclusions
The results suggest that C-section is associated with worse mental health over the 1- to 3-year horizon after birth. This relationship is particularly important if a caesarean delivery is not necessary due to medical reasons, and physicians as well as expectant mothers should be made aware of the potential mental health implications of the mode of delivery.
Coronaviruses: a paradigm of new emerging zoonotic diseases
Authors: Salata Cristiano , Calistri Arianna , Parolin Cristina , Palù Giorgio 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
A novel type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infecting humans appeared in Wuhan, China, at the end of December 2019. Since the identification of the outbreak the infection quickly spread involving in one month more than 31,000 confirmed cases with 638 death. Molecular analysis suggest that 2019-nCoV could be originated from bats after passaging in intermediate hosts, highlighting the high zoonotic potential of coronaviruses.
Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Vitamin D in Fortified Milk
Authors: Agarwal Vipin K 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method for the determination of vitamins D2 + D3 in fortified milk is described. Vitamins D2 and D3 are extracted from the saponified sample and converted to isotachysterols with antimony trichloride. The isotachysterols are quantitated using liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 301 nm, which is the absorption maximum. At this wavelength other materials present in the sample do not interfere with the analysis of isotachysterols and therefore a cleanup step is avoided. Recoveries of vitamin D added to skim milk were 98.1% (SD 5.3), 96.7% (SD 3.3), and 96.0% (SD 5.1) for samples fortified with 200, 400, and 600 IU/quart, respectively. For whole milk, recoveries were 102.0% (SD 6.5) and 97.1% (SD 3.5) in samples fortified with vitamin D equivalent to 200 and 400 IU/quart, respectively. The detection limit for vitamin D is 40 IU/quart.
Use of Ten Gram Samples of Corn for Determination of Mycotoxins
Authors: Francis Octave J , Ware George M , Carman Allen S , Kirschenheuter Gary P , Kuan Shia S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Data were gathered, during a study on the development of an automated system for the extraction, cleanup, and quantitation of mycotoxins in corn, to determine if it was scientifically sound to reduce the analytical sample size. Five, 10, and 25 g test portions were analyzed and statistically compared with 50 g test portions of the same composites for aflatoxin concentration variance. Statistical tests used to determine whether the 10 and 50 g sample sizes differed significantly showed a satisfactory observed variance ratio (Fobs) of 2.03 for computations of pooled standard deviations; paired f-test values of 0.952, 1.43, and 0.224 were computed for each of the 3 study samples. The results meet acceptable limits, since each sample’s r-test result is less than the published value of the |t|, which is 1.6909 for the test conditions. The null hypothesis is retained since the sample sizes do not give significantly different values for the mean analyte concentration. The percent coefficients of variation (CVs) for all samples tested were within the expected range. In addition, the variance due to sample mixing was evaluated using radioisotopelabeled materials, yielding an acceptable CV of 22.2%. The variance due to the assay procedure was also evaluated and showed an aflatoxin B, recovery of 78.9% and a CV of 11.4%. Results support the original premise that a sufficiently ground and blended sample would produce an analyte variance for a 10 g sample that was statistically comparable with that for a 50 g sample.
Simultaneous Liquid Chromatographic Screening of Five Coccidiostats in Chicken Liver
Authors: Gallicano Keith D , Park Hyun , Yee John , Young Larry M , Saschenbrecker Peter W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A reverse-phase liquid chromatographic (LC) method is described for simultaneously determining 5 coccidiostats—aklomide, dinsed, ethopabate, nitromide, and zoalene in chicken liver. The method entails blender extraction of 10 g liver with ethyl acetate, column chromatography through Sephadex LH-20 and neutral alumina, and LC analysis on a C18 column with UV detection at 260 nm. The drugs were eluted from Sephadex with methanol-benzene (10 + 90), from alumina with methanol-dichloromethane (10 + 90), and from C18 with acetonitrile-water (linear gradient: 25% acetonitrile for 10 min, increasing to 55% over 15 min; flow rate 1 mL/min). Liquid chromatography was completed in 40 min and calculations were based on peak height measurements. Average recoveries of the coccidiostats from fortified liver ranged from 72 to 97%, except for dinsed, which showed a relatively constant average recovery of 57%. The detection limit for the standards was 2.5 ng on column. Levels as low as 50 ng/g were detected in fortified liver samples.