bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additional cusp reconstruction does not compromise valve durability and mid-term survival after the David procedure: results from 449 patients
Authors: Liebrich Markus , Charitos Efstratios , Stadler Charlotte , Roser Detlef , Merk Denis R , Doll Nicolas , Hemmer Wolfgang , Voth Vladimir 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether additional cusp interventions and valve types affect aortic valve-related reoperation and mortality rates after the David procedure.

METHODS
Between 1997 and 2018, a total of 449 patients {372 males; mean age 54.2 [standard deviation (SD) 15.2] years, range: 12.7–79.9 years} underwent elective valve-sparing aortic root replacement (David procedure) for aortic regurgitation and were prospectively followed up clinically and echocardiographically.

RESULTS
The follow-up was 94% complete. Cumulative follow-up time was 2268 patient-years [mean follow-up time 5.1 (4.3 SD) years]. Thirty-day mortality was 2.2% (n = 10). Late (&gt;30 days) survival did not differ from that of the age- and gender-matched general population. Freedom from reoperation in patients without additional cusp reconstruction was 94% [95% confidence interval (CI) 91–98] and 92% (95% CI 88–97) at 5 and 10 years, respectively, which was not significantly different (P = 1) for patients who did require additional cusp reconstruction 98% (95% CI 95–100) and 89% (95% CI 81–99). In patients with tricuspid aortic valves (n = 338), freedom from reoperation was 96% (95% CI 94–99) and 93% (95% CI 88–97) at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Patients with bicuspid aortic valves (n = 111) had a freedom from reoperation of 94% (95% CI 89–99) at 5 years and 88% (95% CI 79–98) at 10 years (P = 0.021 for the comparison to tricuspid aortic valve). Overall, 23 patients (5%; 1%/patient-year) required reoperation with a mean interval of 4.5 (4.8 SD) months.

CONCLUSIONS
The David procedure revealed low mid-term reoperation risk and excellent survival independent of adjunctive cusp interventions/valve morphology and is comparable with that of the age- and gender-matched general population.
Feeding an amino acid formulated milk replacer for Holstein calves
Authors: Bai Yan , Liu Ting , Hultquist Kayla , Wu Jianping , Casper David P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The milk-fed calf has a requirement for amino acids (AA) instead of crude protein (CP); however, most milk replacers (MR) are still formulated for CP concentrations. Previous work has demonstrated that feeding a modified MR (24:20; CP:fat @ 0.64 kg/d) improved calf growth performance compared with standard (20:20 @ 0.57 kg/d) and accelerated MR (26:16 @ 0.78 kg/d). The 56-d study objective was to determine if feeding an MR formulated using synthetic AA to achieve the AA concentrations of a 24:20 MR while reducing CP results in similar or enhanced growth performance and/or reduce cost compared with standard MR formulations. Eighty 3- to 5-d-old Holstein bull calves received in two lots (40) within the same week were blocked by body weight (BW) and randomly assigned to one of four MR treatments consisting of 20:20 (20), 22:20 (22), 24:20 (24), and a 22:20 having the AA concentrations of the 24, but with reduced CP (22AA). All MR contain decoquinate and were fed at 0.57 kg/calf daily split into 2×/d feeding for 14 d via bucket, increased to 0.85 kg/calf daily in two feedings until 35 d, and then fed 1×/d at 0.41 kg/calf daily with weaning after day 42. Calves were housed in straw-bedded hutches with ad libitum access to water and pelleted calf starter (CS). All data were statistically analyzed as a randomized complete block design with block considered random with week as a repeated measurement. Initial BW was similar (P &gt; 0.10) across all treatments (42.4 ± 2.2 kg). Calves fed 22AA MR demonstrated greater (P &lt; 0.05) BW compared with calves fed the 24 MR, and calves fed the 20 and 22 MR being intermediate and similar (P &gt; 0.10; 78.7, 78.8, 76.5, and 81.8 kg for 20, 22, 24, and 22AA, respectively). CS intake was greater (P &lt; 0.05) for calves fed 22AA (0.74, 0.78, 0.65, and 0.81 kg/d) compared with calves fed the 20 and 24, but similar (P &gt; 0.10) to calves fed 22. Calves fed 24 MR demonstrated the lowest CS intake. This study demonstrates that similar growth performance can be achieved by feeding an AA fortified MR having a lesser CP concentration, which might reduce feed costs.
Rice LecRK5 phosphorylates a UGPase to regulate callose biosynthesis during pollen development
Authors: Wang Bin , Fang Ruiqiu , Zhang Jia , Han Jingluan , Chen Faming , He Furong , Liu Yao-Guang , Chen Letian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe temporary callose layer surrounding the tetrads of microspores is critical for male gametophyte development in flowering plants, as abnormal callose deposition can lead to microspore abortion. A sophisticated signaling network regulates callose biosynthesis but these pathways are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized a rice male-sterile mutant, oslecrk5, which showed defective callose deposition during meiosis. OsLecRK5 encodes a plasma membrane-localized lectin receptor-like kinase, which can form a dimer with itself. Moreover, normal anther development requires the K-phosphorylation site (a conserved residue at the ATP-binding site) of OsLecRK5. In vitro assay showed that OsLecRK5 phosphorylates the callose synthesis enzyme UGP1, enhancing callose biosynthesis during anther development. Together, our results demonstrate that plasma membrane-localized OsLecRK5 phosphorylates UGP1 and promotes its activity in callose biosynthesis in rice. This is the first evidence that a receptor-like kinase positively regulates callose biosynthesis.
The learning and teaching area of AACSB standards: a process model framework
Authors: Kundu Goutam Kumar , Majumdar Jyoti Prakas 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe paper aims to develop a process model for implementation in a business school setting, by doing a thorough analysis of the requirement of the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) standards relating to the learning and teaching area.Design/methodology/approachThe process model is developed by adopting a three-step approach. The authors have presented an articulated procedure for the development of the process model.FindingsThe process model presented in this paper offers a systemic approach to process design and implementation in a business school environment. The process model was developed and applied over the course of systematic reviews in a business school setting by aligning with the requirements of AACSB accreditation standards belonging to the learning and teaching area.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of the present study is that the scope of the process model presented here is limited to the requirements of the AACSB standards belonging to the learning and teaching area only. The authors plan to develop process models for the other areas of AACSB standards in the near future.Practical implicationsIt is hoped that this paper can bring a contribution to professionals as well as academics, in regards to development of process framework complying with the requirements of the AACSB standards. The process model presented in this paper comprises macro-level processes and the related activities. It will serve as a guide to develop processes in a business school setting.Originality/valueThe present study has attempted to present a process model complying with requirements of the AACSB standards belong to the learning and teaching area. The authors feel that developed process model can be used by the business schools that are planning to implement AACSB standards for accreditation or are interested in modifying their current processes following the requirements of the AACSB standards.
Politically connected boards, family business groups and firm performance
Authors: Joni Joni , Ahmed Kamran , Hamilton Jane 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the association between politically connected boards (both supervisory boards [SBs] and boards of directors [BODs]) and firm performance.Design/methodology/approachWe focus on the political connections of SBs and BODs separately and estimate a quadratic model based on 1,099 Indonesian listed firm-year observations. Additionally, we address endogeneity problem by using sample selection model, generalized method of moments (GMM), propensity score matching\ and lagged variables regression.FindingsWe find that political connections of SBs are more significantly associated with firm performance than that of BODs. Furthermore, such an association is not monotonic, in that the relationship declines after a certain level of political connections. We also find that stand-alone firms with political connections perform better than firms belonging to family business groups. Our results are robust to alternative measures and to tests for endogeneity.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to the literature by proposing non-linear model to incorporate the rent-seeking and resource dependence arguments. Although previous studies use regression analysis (linear model) and find mixed results on the association between political connections and firm performance, our non-linear model extends our understanding of the relationship between political connections and firm performance. We extend corporate governance literature by examining the role of political supervisory boards in the dual board system and the role of family business group in Indonesia. Several limitations are addressed to interpret all the findings. We use one period of the presidency (SBY-Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono) in Indonesia as our sample, but other regimes are not considered. We collect political connection and family business group information based on publicly data available. For politically connected firms, we do not have information whether they obtain connections through ruling parties or not.Practical implicationsPractitioners (such as companies and policymakers) can use our models to consider the level of political connections that can improve corporate’s performance. Additionally, they can use our findings to design corporate governance policies.Originality/valueThe paper identifies the use of the non-linear model on the association between political connections and firm performance in Indonesian dual board system.
A reduced healing protocol for sinus floor elevation in a staged approach with deproteinized bovine bone mineral alone: A randomized controlled clinical trial of a 5‐month healing in comparison to the 8‐month healing
Authors: Liu Yi , Wang Jin , Chen Fei , Feng Yuan , Xie Chao , Li Dehua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the feasibility of reducing the healing time of maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) by a two‐stage approach using deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) alone, based on clinical, histomorphometric, and microradiographic evaluations.Materials and MethodsTwenty consecutive cases with an atrophic posterior edentulous maxilla were randomly assigned to two groups at a ratio of 1:1. The lateral window approach to MSFE with DBBM alone was followed by an 8‐month bone‐healing period in the control group compared to 5 months in the test group. During implant placement, bone biopsies were harvested from implant osteotomy sites for micro‐computed tomography (CT), histological, and histomorphometric evaluations. Cone beam CT (CBCT) scans were performed before and immediately after MSFE and after the bone‐healing periods. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured sequentially at implant placement and 1, 3, and 6 months thereafter.ResultsThe histomorphometric and microradiographic results showed no significant differences in new bone formation on the augmented sinus floor between the two groups (all Ps > .05), except that trabecular thickness was significantly reduced and trabecular separation significantly increased in the test group (both Ps < .05). The ISQs of both groups increased continuously after implant placement, but the difference was not significant between the groups at each time point. CBCT analyses showed that the extent of volumetric loss was comparable after bone healing for 5 and 8 months (P > .05).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, the bone‐healing time of MSFE with DBBM alone for staged implant placement could be reduced to 5 months instead of 8 or 9 months, based on the histomorphometric, microradiographic, and clinical outcomes; however, impact on long‐term implant survival remains unknown and needs further investigation with long‐term follow‐ups.
PRIRATE 2020 guidelines for reporting randomized trials in Endodontics: explanation and elaboration
Authors: Nagendrababu V. , Duncan H. F. , Bjørndal L. , Kvist T. , Priya E. , Jayaraman J. , Pulikkotil S. J. , Dummer P. M. H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWell‐designed and properly conducted randomized clinical trials provide a true estimate of the effects of interventions and are acknowledged as the gold standard in terms of clinical study design. However, the quality of randomized clinical trials published in the field of Endodontics is suboptimal. The Preferred Reporting Items for RAndomized Trials in Endodontics (PRIRATE) 2020 guidelines were developed exclusively for Endodontics by integrating and adapting the CONsolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement and Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications (CLIP) principles, through an accepted and well‐documented consensus process. Full implementation of the PRIRATE 2020 guidelines will minimize potential sources of bias and thus enhance the standard of manuscripts submitted for publication, which will ultimately improve the reporting of randomized clinical trials in Endodontics. The aim of this document is to provide an explanation for each item in the PRIRATE 2020 checklist and flowchart with examples from the literature in order to help authors understand their rationale and significance. A link to this PRIRATE 2020 explanation and elaboration document is available on the Preferred Reporting Items for study Designs in Endodontology (PRIDE) website at http://www.pride-endodonticguidelines.org/prirate/.
FRS7 and FRS12 recruit NINJA to regulate expression of glucosinolate biosynthesis genes
Authors: Fernández‐Calvo Patricia , Iñigo Sabrina , Glauser Gaétan , Vanden Bossche Robin , Tang Michelle , Li Baohua , De Clercq Rebecca , Nagels Durand Astrid , Eeckhout Dominique , Gevaert Kris , De Jaeger Geert , Brady Siobhan M. , Kliebenstein Daniel J. , Pauwels Laurens , Goossens Alain , Ritter Andrés 
Published: April 2020

Summary

The sessile lifestyle of plants requires accurate physiology adjustments to be able to thrive in a changing environment. Plants integrate environmental timing signals to control developmental and stress responses.

Here, we identified Far1 Related Sequence (FRS) 7 and FRS12, two transcriptional repressors that accumulate in short‐day conditions, as regulators of Arabidopsis glucosinolate (GSL) biosynthesis.

Loss of function of FRS7 and FRS12 results in plants with increased amplitudes of diurnal expression of GSL pathway genes. Protein interaction analyses revealed that FRS7 and FRS12 recruit the NOVEL INTERACTOR OF JAZ (NINJA) to assemble a transcriptional repressor complex.

Genetic and molecular evidence demonstrated that FRS7, FRS12 and NINJA jointly regulate the expression of GSL biosynthetic genes, and thus constitute a molecular mechanism that modulates specialized metabolite accumulation.
Germ Tubes and Proteinase Activity Contribute to Virulence of
Candida albicans
in Murine Peritonitis
Authors: Kretschmar Marianne , Hube Bernhard , Bertsch Thomas , Sanglard Dominique , Merker Renate , Schröder Meike , Hof Herbert , Nichterlein Thomas 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT

Peritonitis with
Candida albicans
is an important complication of bowel perforation and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. To define potential virulence factors, we investigated 50 strains of
C. albicans
in a murine peritonitis model. There was considerable variation in their virulence in this model when virulence was measured as release of organ-specific enzymes into the plasma of infected mice. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and α-amylase (AM) were used as parameters for damage of the liver and pancreas, respectively. The activities of ALT and AM in the plasma correlated with invasion into the organs measured in histologic sections and the median germ tube length induced with serum in vitro. When the activity of proteinases was inhibited in vivo with pepstatin A, there was a significant reduction of ALT and AM activities. This indicates that proteinases contributed to virulence in this model. Using strains of
C. albicans
with disruption of secreted aspartyl proteinase gene
SAP1
,
SAP2
,
SAP3
, or
SAP4
through
SAP6
(collectively referred to as
SAP4-6
), we showed that only a Δ
sap4-6
triple mutant induced a significantly reduced activity of ALT in comparison to the reference strain. In contrast to the Δ
sap1
, Δ
sap2
, and Δ
sap3
mutants, the ALT induced by the Δ
sap4-6
mutant could not be further reduced by pepstatin A treatment, which indicates that Sap4-6 may contribute to virulence in this model.
Multiparametric MR-PET Imaging Predicts Pharmacokinetics and Clinical Response to GDC-0084 in Patients with Recurrent High-Grade Glioma
Authors: Ellingson Benjamin M. , Yao Jingwen , Raymond Catalina , Nathanson David A. , Chakhoyan Ararat , Simpson Jeremy , Garner James S. , Olivero Alan G. , Mueller Lars U. , Rodon Jordi , Gerstner Elizabeth , Cloughesy Timothy F. , Wen Patrick Y. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
GDC-0084 is an oral, brain-penetrant small-molecule inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR. Because these two targets alter tumor vascularity and metabolism, respectively, we hypothesized multiparametric MR-PET could be used to quantify the response, estimate pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters, and predict progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with recurrent malignant gliomas.

Patients and Methods:
Multiparametric advanced MR-PET imaging was performed to evaluate physiologic response in a first-in-man, multicenter, phase I, dose-escalation study of GDC-0084 (NCT01547546) in 47 patients with recurrent malignant glioma.

Results:
Measured maximum concentration (Cmax) was associated with a decrease in enhancing tumor volume (P = 0.0287) and an increase in fractional anisotropy (FA; P = 0.0418). Posttreatment tumor volume, 18F-FDG uptake, Ktrans, and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were all correlated with Cmax. A linear combination of change in 18F-FDG PET uptake, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), FA, Ktrans, vp, and rCBV was able to estimate both Cmax (R2 = 0.4113; P &lt; 0.0001) and drug exposure (AUC; R2 = 0.3481; P &lt; 0.0001). Using this composite multiparametric MR-PET imaging response biomarker to predict PK, patients with an estimated Cmax &gt; 0.1 μmol/L and AUC &gt; 1.25 μmol/L*hour demonstrated significantly longer PFS compared with patients with a lower estimated concentration and exposure (P = 0.0039 and P = 0.0296, respectively).

Conclusions:
Results from this study suggest composite biomarkers created from multiparametric MR-PET imaging targeting metabolic and/or physiologic processes specific to the drug mechanism of action may be useful for subsequent evaluation of treatment efficacy for larger phase II–III studies.
Drug Targeting the Actin Cytoskeleton Potentiates the Cytotoxicity of Low Dose Vincristine by Abrogating Actin-Mediated Repair of Spindle Defects
Authors: Wang Yao , Stear Jeffrey H. , Swain Ashleigh , Xu Xing , Bryce Nicole S. , Carnell Michael , Alieva Irina B. , Dugina Vera B. , Cripe Timothy P. , Stehn Justine , Hardeman Edna C. , Gunning Peter W. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Antimicrotubule vinca alkaloids are widely used in the clinic but their toxicity is often dose limiting. Strategies that enhance their effectiveness at lower doses are needed. We show that combining vinca alkaloids with compounds that target a specific population of actin filaments containing the cancer-associated tropomyosin Tpm3.1 result in synergy against a broad range of tumor cell types. We discovered that low concentrations of vincristine alone induce supernumerary microtubule asters that form transient multi-polar spindles in early mitosis. Over time these asters can be reconstructed into functional bipolar spindles resulting in cell division and survival. These microtubule asters are organized by the nuclear mitotic apparatus protein (NuMA)–dynein–dynactin complex without involvement of centrosomes. However, anti-Tpm3.1 compounds at nontoxic concentrations inhibit this rescue mechanism resulting in delayed onset of anaphase, formation of multi-polar spindles, and apoptosis during mitosis. These findings indicate that drug targeting actin filaments containing Tpm3.1 potentiates the anticancer activity of low-dose vincristine treatment.

Implications:
Simultaneously inhibiting Tpm3.1-containing actin filaments and microtubules is a promising strategy to potentiate the anticancer activity of low-dose vincristine.
Health systems and global progress towards malaria elimination, 2000–2016
Authors: Sahu Maitreyi , Tediosi Fabrizio , Noor Abdisalan M. , Aponte John J. , Fink Günther 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
As more countries progress towards malaria elimination, a better understanding of the most critical health system features for enabling and supporting malaria control and elimination is needed.

Methods
All available health systems data relevant for malaria control were collated from 23 online data repositories. Principal component analysis was used to create domain specific health system performance measures. Multiple regression model selection approaches were used to identify key health systems predictors of progress in malaria control in the 2000–2016 period among 105 countries. Additional analysis was performed within malaria burden groups.

Results
There was large heterogeneity in progress in malaria control in the 2000–2016 period. In univariate analysis, several health systems factors displayed a strong positive correlation with reductions in malaria burden between 2000 and 2016. In multivariable models, delivery of routine services and hospital capacity were strongly predictive of reductions in malaria cases, especially in high burden countries. In low-burden countries approaching elimination, primary health center density appeared negatively associated with progress while hospital capacity was positively correlated with eliminating malaria.

Conclusions
The findings presented in this manuscript suggest that strengthening health systems can be an effective strategy for reducing malaria cases, especially in countries with high malaria burden. Potential returns appear particularly high in the area of service delivery.