bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diel patterns in spatial distribution of fish assemblages in lentic and lotic habitat in a regulated river
Authors: Wegscheider Bernhard , Linnansaari Tommi , Wall Craig C. , Gautreau Mark D. , Monk Wendy A. , Dolson‐Edge Rebecca , Samways Kurt M. , Curry R. Allen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFish assemblages in large rivers are governed by spatio‐temporal changes in habitat conditions, which must be accounted for when designing effective monitoring programmes. Using boat electrofishing surveys, this study contrasts species richness, catch per unit effort (CPUE), total biomass, and spatial distribution of fish species in the Saint John River, New Brunswick, Canada, sampled during different diel periods (day and night) and macrohabitats (hydropower regulated river and its reservoir) in the vicinity of the Mactaquac (hydropower) Generating Station. Taxa richness, total CPUE, and total biomass were significantly higher during night surveys, resulting in marked differences in community composition between the two diel periods. Furthermore, the magnitude of diel differences in catch rate was more pronounced in lentic than in lotic macrohabitats. The required sampling effort (i.e., number of sites) to increase accuracy and precision of CPUE estimates varied widely between fish species, diel periods, and macrohabitats and ranged from 15 to 185 electrofishing sites. Determining a correction factor to contrast accuracy and precision of day‐ with night‐time surveys provide useful insights to improve the design of long‐term monitoring programmes for fish communities in large rivers. The study also shows the importance of multihabitat surveys to detect differences in the magnitude of diel changes in fish community metrics.
Aerogels from Native and Anionic Corn Starches Loaded with Pinhão (Araucaria angustifolia) Coat Extract: Anti‐Tumor Activity in C6 Rat Glioma Cells and In Vitro Digestibility
Authors: Fonseca Laura Martins , Silva Francine Tavares , Bona Natalia Pontes , Stefanello Francieli Moro , Borges Caroline Dellinghausen , Dias Alvaro Renato Guerra , Zavareze Elessandra da Rosa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aims to produce aerogels with pinhão (Araucaria angustifolia) coat extract using native and anionic starches as carrier matrix and evaluate its effect on cell viability, in vitro cytotoxicity, and in vitro digestibility using C6 rat glioma cells. The aerogels are prepared by the gelatinization of starch and several freeze/thaw cycles. The pinhão coat extract (PCE) is incorporated into the aerogels in concentrations of 5 and 10% (w/w) and evaluated for morphology. Glioma (C6) cells are exposed to free PCE at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 300 µg mL−1 and the aerogels at 300, 700, 1000, and 2000 µg mL−1 for 48 h and 72 h. Phenolic compounds are quantified during in vitro digestion simulation. The free PCE demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05). anti‐tumor effect at the tested concentrations and time treatments. The aerogels containing 10% PCE reduce cell viability at the highest concentrations (2000 µg mL−1) in 48 and 72 h. The aerogels release 37–96% of phenolic compounds during in vitro digestion. The native and anionic starch aerogels are a highly efficient matrix with potential application as phenolic compound carriers with anti‐tumor activity.
A case study on modularity violations in cyber‐physical systems
Authors: Xiao Lu , Pennock Michael J. , Cardoso Joana L. F. P. , Wang Xiao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn recent years, cyber‐physical systems (CPS) have been widely used in different problem domains. The hardware and software components in a CPS are deeply intertwined at various levels of abstraction under changing contexts to achieve the desired goals. One way to manage this complexity is through the use of modular architecture that enables portions of a CPS to be upgraded, replaced, or fixed in a plug‐and‐play manner. In practice, nominally modular architectures depart from this ideal. Thus, there is a need to identify, measure, and understand the causes of these departures. Techniques have been developed to accomplish this for pure software systems, but can these techniques be adapted to infer hardware‐related modularity violations in a CPS? To investigate this question, we adapted methods from pure‐software systems and analyzed two open‐source CPS: OpenWrt and MD PnP. We found that the software architecture of these systems is well modularized. However, we were able to detect and measure modularity violations associated with hardware and other domain‐related concepts. Furthermore, software components related to hardware were more likely to change frequently compared to general software components. Together, these findings suggest that it is feasible to identify a subset of hardware‐driven modularity violations using techniques adapted from pure software systems.
Spin 2 fluctuations in 1/4 BPS AdS3/CFT2
Authors: Speziali Stefano 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper we study spin 2 fluctuations around a warped AdS3 × S2 × T4 × $$ {\mathcal{I}}_{\rho } $$

I
ρ

background in type IIA supergravity with small $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (0, 4) supersymmetry. We find a class of fluctuations, which will be called universal, that is independent of the background data and corresponds to operators with scaling dimension Δ = 2l + 2, being l the angular-momentum-quantum-number on the S2 which realises the SU(2)R symmetry. We compute the central charge for $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (0, 4) two-dimensional superconformal theories from the action of the spin 2 fluctuations.
A randomized study comparing docetaxel/cyclophosphamide (TC), 5-fluorouracil/epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (FEC) followed by TC, and TC followed by FEC for patients with hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative primary breast cancer
Authors: Ishiguro Hiroshi , Masuda Norikazu , Sato Nobuaki , Higaki Kenji , Morimoto Takashi , Yanagita Yasuhiro , Mizutani Makiko , Ohtani Shoichiro , Kaneko Koji , Fujisawa Tomomi , Takahashi Masato , Kadoya Takayuki , Matsunami Nobuki , Yamamoto Yutaka , Ohno Shinji , Takano Toshimi , Morita Satoshi , Tanaka-Mizuno Sachiko , Toi Masakazu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Our primary objective was to determine the benefit/risk of anthracycline-free regimens by comparing docetaxel + cyclophosphamide (TC) alone, fluorouracil + epirubicin + cyclophosphamide (FEC) followed by TC, or TC followed by FEC as a primary treatment for patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative BC.

Methods
We randomized patients with stage I–III HR-positive HER2-negative, operable BC to receive either six cycles of TC (TC6), three cycles of FEC followed by three cycles of TC (FEC-TC), or three cycles of TC followed by three cycles of FEC (TC-FEC). The primary endpoint was the pathological response. Secondary endpoints included clinical response, type of surgical procedure, recurrence, death, and adverse events (by NCI-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v.3.0). We conducted all statistical analyses using SAS Version 9.2.

Results
We enrolled 195 patients and analyzed data from 193 as the intention-to-treat population. Pathological complete response rates were numerically higher in the TC6 group than in the other groups (p = 0.321). The breast conservation rate was significantly higher in the TC6 group (73%) than in the other groups (FEC-TC 51%, TC-FEC 45%, p = 0.007). Adverse events with grade > 3 were not common in the treatment groups (p = 0.569). The overall and distant disease-free survivals were similar among the groups with median follow-up of 5.80 years.

Conclusions
Despite similar long-term efficacy and safety profile, the higher breast conservation rate in the TC6 group suggests that preoperative chemotherapy without an anthracycline may benefit patients with HR-positive HER2-negative BC.

Trial registration
UMIN000003283 https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000003873.
Rethinking Cultural Appropriation in YA Literature Through Sámi and Arctic Pedagogies
Authors: Manderstedt Lena , Palo Annbritt , Kokkola Lydia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article highlights cultural appropriation in the literary representation of the Sámi (the indigenous people of the European Arctic) in two Swedish YA series: theSopperoquartet by the Sámi author Ann-Helén Laestadius, and theIdijärvitrilogy by Charlotte Cederlund, a non-Sámi writer. Despite their different origins, the series are more similar than different in their portrayal of most aspects of Sámi-Swedish relations. The discussion of cultural appropriations in the production and marketing of the series is contextualized within broader concerns, especially in relation to Sámi and Arctic pedagogies. We begin by noting that both protagonists are initially marginalized in both the Swedish and the Sámi contexts, but their ways of gaining agency are markedly different. Connecting these points to the authors’ ethnic affiliation does not produce useful knowledge or knowledge that can be shared, two hallmarks of Sámi and Arctic pedagogies. We argue that Sámi and Arctic pedagogies provide more relevant tools for discussing cultural appropriation in relation to literature from the region than the currently dominant models derived from Anglophone contexts. Through our pedagogically inspired analyses of voice and agency in the two series, we endeavour to create a Nordic ethics of appropriation.
Population genetics of the wolverine in Finland: the road to recovery?
Authors: Lansink Gerhardus M. J. , Esparza-Salas Rodrigo , Joensuu Maija , Koskela Anni , Bujnáková Dominika , Kleven Oddmund , Flagstad Øystein , Ollila Tuomo , Kojola Ilpo , Aspi Jouni , Kvist Laura 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAfter decades, even centuries of persecution, large carnivore populations are widely recovering in Europe. Considering the recent recovery of the wolverine (Gulo gulo) in Finland, our aim was to evaluate genetic variation using 14 microsatellites and mtDNA control region (579 bp) in order (1) to determine whether the species is represented by a single genetic population within Finland, (2) to quantify the genetic diversity, and (3) to estimate the effective population size. We found two major genetic clusters divided between eastern and northern Finland based on microsatellites (FST= 0.100) but also a significant pattern of isolation by distance. Wolverines in western Finland had a genetic signature similar to the northern cluster, which can be explained by former translocations of wolverines from northern to western Finland. For both main clusters, most estimates of the effective population sizeNewere below 50. Nevertheless, the genetic diversity was higher in the eastern cluster (HE= 0.57,AR= 4.0,AP= 0.3) than in the northern cluster (HE= 0.49,AR= 3.7,AP= 0.1). Migration between the clusters was low. Two mtDNA haplotypes were found: one common and identical to Scandinavian wolverines; the other rare and not previously detected. The rare haplotype was more prominent in the eastern genetic cluster. Combining all available data, we infer that the genetic population structure within Finland is shaped by a recent bottleneck, isolation by distance, human-aided translocations and postglacial recolonization routes.
Task-Independent Spiking Central Pattern Generator: A Learning-Based Approach
Authors: Aljalbout Elie , Walter Florian , Röhrbein Florian , Knoll Alois 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLegged locomotion is a challenging task in the field of robotics but a rather simple one in nature. This motivates the use of biological methodologies as solutions to this problem. Central pattern generators are neural networks that are thought to be responsible for locomotion in humans and some animal species. As for robotics, many attempts were made to reproduce such systems and use them for a similar goal. One interesting design model is based on spiking neural networks. This model is the main focus of this work, as its contribution is not limited to engineering but also applicable to neuroscience. This paper introduces a new general framework for building central pattern generators that are task-independent, biologically plausible, and rely on learning methods. The abilities and properties of the presented approach are not only evaluated in simulation but also in a robotic experiment. The results are very promising as the used robot was able to perform stable walking at different speeds and to change speed within the same gait cycle.
Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Iridium-Modified Nickel Foam Surfaces
Authors: Luba Mateusz , Mikolajczyk Tomasz , Pierozynski Boguslaw 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis work reports on cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), studied on Ir-activated nickel foam materials, prepared through spontaneous and electrodeposition methods (examined in 0.1 M NaOH electrolyte). Both Ir modifications of Ni foam caused substantial improvement of the HER kinetics, as compared with those recorded for as-received and surface-activated nickel foam materials. Electrochemical examinations were conducted through AC impedance spectroscopy and quasi-steady-state cathodic polarization experiments. Significance of catalytic nature of Ir deposit and employed deposition methodology on the HER behavior of such-obtained Ni foam/Ir composites were discussed in detail by means of SEM/EDX spectroscopy analysis.
Predictive factors for tumour response after the neoadjuvant-treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: De la Pinta Carolina , Martín Margarita , Hervás Asunción , Perna Luis Cristian , Fernández-Lizarbe Eva , López Fernando , Duque Víctor Jose , Sancho Sonsoles 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose Standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer is neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. This study identified predictive factors for tumour response in our series.
Patients and methods Between January 2005 and December 2018, 292 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated by preoperative chemo-radiation before surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The radiation dose was 50.4 Gy with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy regimens. Patients-tumour and treatment-factors were tested for influence on tumour down staging and regression grade using Mandard scoring system on surgical specimens (TRG).
Results Median age was 69 years (range 39–87); 33.9% of patients was Stage II and 54.5% Stage IIIB. Tumour down staging occurred in 211 patients (73%), including 63 patients (21.6%) with ypT0 (documented T0 at surgery) and 148 patients (50.7%) with a satisfactory tumour regression grade defined as TRG2–3. Upper rectal tumours were identified to predictive factors for pathologic complete response by univariate analysis (p = 0.002). TRG1–3 was associated with intervals from chemo-radiation to surgery (p = 0.004); TRG1–3 rates were higher with longer intervals: 1.71% in ≤ 5 weeks, 23.63% in 6–8 weeks and 46.9% in ≥ 9 weeks; and PTV 50.4 ≥ 800cc (p = 0.06); 3 and 5 years survivals were 85% and 90% for the group as a whole. Among ypT0 cases, the overall survival was 91.1% without significantly different (p = 0.25) compared with the remaining group, 87.2%. Among ypT0 cases, the relapse-free survival was 94.5%, with significantly different (p = 0.03) compared with the remaining group 78.2%. There were no treatment-associated fatalities. Thirty-two patients (10.96%) experienced Grade III/IV toxicities (proctitis, ephitelitis and neutropenia).
Conclusions Tumour localization was identified as predictive factors of pathologic complete response for locally advanced rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemo-radiation. Upper rectal tumours are more likely to develop complete responses. Delay in surgery was identified as a favorable predictive factor for TRG1–3. The relapse-free survival in pathologic complete response group was higher compared with non-pathologic complete response.
Treatment of Low Sexual Desire or Frequency Using a Sexual Enhancement Group Couples Therapy Approach
Authors: Kleinplatz Peggy J. , Charest Maxime , Paradis Nicolas , Ellis Myddryn , Rosen Lianne , Ménard A. Dana , Ramsay Timothy O. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Sexual desire or frequency problems are exceedingly common, but treatment of them has been less than effective.

Aim
The goal of this study was to develop a cost-effective, accessible intervention to deal with sexual desire or frequency problems, including sexual desire discrepancy, by enhancing the quality of couples’ erotic intimacy.

Methods
45 couples (38 heterosexual and 7 same-sex couples) distressed by sexual desire or frequency problems were seen in a 16-hour, group couples therapy intervention. Participants completed the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (NSSS) at pretest, posttest, and at 6-month follow-up.

Outcomes
The NSSS plus 3 additional items at pretest, posttest, and at 6-month follow-up and patients’ written feedback.

Results
Statistically significant differences were found between pre-tests and post-tests in satisfaction with intensity of sexual arousal; creativity; frequency; sexual functioning; partner's sexual availability; partner's initiation of sexual activity; emotional opening up during sex; positive sexual reactions to the partner; communication of sexual wishes, preferences and desires; and balance between giving and receiving during sex. The largest improvement and effect sizes were found in overall satisfaction with one's sex life from pre-test to post-test and 6-month follow-up.

Clinical Implications
Low sexual desire or frequency problems can be treated effectively by enhancing the quality of the couple's erotic connection, thereby creating desirable sex.

Strengths & Limitations
The strengths include the combination of quantitative and qualitative data. Limitations included the small number of same-sex couples.

Conclusion
Sexual enhancement group couples therapy provides an effective, accessible, and affordable approach to low desire or frequency complaints in distressed couples.
Conservative Christianity and the Creation of Alternative News: An Analysis of Focus on the Family's Multimedia Empire
Authors: Ridgely Susan B. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this article, I explore how, from 1977 through 2009, the conservative Christian media empire, Focus on the Family, acted as a model for and a creator of alternative news long before the 2016 election. In particular, since 1977, Focus linked proper Christianity with recognition of a world of hazards by defining danger as those people and institutions who refused to submit to God, especially feminists, secular universities, and the welfare state. Through the creation of a closed-media network, Focus taught Christian conservatives to see the mainstream news as undermining biblical Truth by espousing stories that supported postmodern relativism over God's singular truth. Simultaneously, Focus generated its own news sources to fill the vacuum left by the mainstream with stories highlighting the political and social structures needed to support the Focus-defined traditional family. Soon, other conservative media outlets began using these frameworks to attract listeners and to add veracity to their stories. Although mainstream media portrayed Focus as passé by 2009, I argue that the model that Focus developed led seamlessly to the creation of Fox News and, later, to the formation of internet communities around outlets such as Breitbart and to the believability of Russian bots.
Ebola imaginaries and the Senegalese outbreak: anticipated nightmare and remembered victory
Authors: Desclaux Alice 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAlthough Senegal experienced a single ‘imported’ Ebola case, this epidemiological event was experienced locally as a full outbreak in its first phase. Two imaginaries developed in parallel: the nightmare of an uncontrolled infectious threat bringing social disruption and spreading through Senegal to other continents; and the vision of an efficient mobilization of the national public health system as a model for other West African countries hit by Ebola. Based on field data, the article analyses how these antagonistic imaginaries shaped the national narrative of the epidemic and affected its interpretations on an international level. The health system's capacity to control the epidemic gradually dominated the nightmare fantasy in the national narrative, and has effectively articulated a technical discourse and protective measures rooted in lay perceptions – in particular the physical distancing of risk. Charles Rosenberg's model for analysing the temporality of epidemic narratives, which distinguishes four phases (progressive revelation, agreement on an explanatory model, political and ritual action, and closure), proved to be relevant, provided that two phases were added. These phases – before the beginning and after the end of the epidemiological event – appear significant in terms of the social production of the meaning of epidemics.
Evilism and the a priori
Authors: MILBURN JOE 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this article, I respond to Stephen Law's evil god challenge (EGC) to traditional theism. I argue that while there are credible a priori grounds for believing that the first cause is all-knowing, all-powerful, and all-good, there are no credible a priori grounds for believing that the first cause is all-knowing, all-powerful, and all-evil. Because of this, theists have a reason for explaining away the a posteriori evidence against theism. The hypothetical evilist, on the other hand, does not. Thus, while the problem of the good makes it absurd to believe in evilism, the problem of evil does not make it absurd to believe in theism.
The Traditional Definition of Pandemics, Its Moral Conflations, and Its Practical Implications: A Defense of Conceptual Clarity in Global Health Laws and Policies
Authors: DE CAMPOS THANA C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper argues that the existing definition of pandemics is not nuanced enough, because it is predicated solely on the criterion of spread, rather than on the criteria of spread and severity. This definitional challenge is what I call ‘the conflation problem’: there is a conflation of two different realities of global health, namely global health emergencies (i.e., severe communicable diseases that spread across borders) and nonemergencies (i.e., communicable or noncommunicable diseases that spread across borders and that may be severe). To put this argument forth, this paper begins by discussing the existing and internationally accepted definition of pandemics, its requirements, as well as its strengths (section 1). Section 2 then considers the problem with the standard definition of pandemics (i.e., the conflation problem) and some examples of it. Finally, section 3 evaluates some practical implications of the conflation problem to then explore conceptual clarity as the adequate solution.
The Cannibali That We Are: For a Bioethics of Food
Authors: TUROLDO FABRIZIO 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIs it possible to trace the contours of a bioethical reflection on nutrition? The present study tries to do so, relying on the metaphorical and symbolic value that food often takes. Indeed, eating does not mean just getting sufficient nutrition, because through the offer and exchange of food, people recognize and welcome each other. In this sense we are all, in some way, cannibals, because in eating, we eat the other, even if the introjection of the other is only symbolic and not literal, as in the case of actual cannibals. Eating habits are also very rooted in various cultures and sometimes resist migratory flows to a greater extent than language and religion do. Consequently, the disgust for, or the refusal of, other people’s food may be an indicator of a more general rejection of the diversity of other people. The conclusion reached by this study is that eating is taking care of the self and of the other and, therefore, as Jacques Derrida observes, it is necessary to “eat well” and also “eat the good.”