bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-Flow Nasal Cannula Use Outside of the ICU Setting
Authors: Kalburgi Sonal , Halley Tina 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVES:
To describe the practice of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) use in the pediatric ward setting across North America.

METHODS:
A survey was distributed through the Pediatric Research in Inpatient Settings Network, which represents 114 hospital sites. Questions included indication for HFNC use, flow and oxygen parameters, guideline availability, and use of outcomes measures.

RESULTS:
There was a response rate of 68% to the survey from sites representing all regions from the United States. Thirty-seven sites (48%) used HFNC in the pediatric ward setting. All 37 sites used HFNC for patients with bronchiolitis. All children’s hospital sites providing HFNC on the wards had an on-site ICU, compared with only 60% of non–children’s hospital sites (P = .003). Seventy-six percent of sites used local protocols, including parameters for patient assessment, initiation, weaning, and feeding practices.

CONCLUSIONS:
HFNC is used outside the ICU in nearly 50% of responding hospitals, with variation related to flow rate, feeding, and protocol use. HFNC is used for management of acute respiratory distress due to bronchiolitis, asthma, and pneumonia. Study findings suggest that HFNC is often used by pediatric hospitalists, but its use across North American hospitals remains variable and based on local consensus.
Symptoms and Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Among Children — Utah and Wisconsin, March–May 2020
Authors: Laws Rebecca L. , Chancey Rebecca J. , Rabold Elizabeth M. , Chu Victoria T. , Lewis Nathaniel M. , Fajans Mark , Reses Hannah E. , Duca Lindsey M. , Dawson Patrick , Conners Erin E. , Gharpure Radhika , Yin Sherry , Buono Sean , Pomeroy Mary , Yousaf Anna R. , Owusu Daniel , Wadhwa Ashutosh , Pevzner Eric , Battey Katherine A. , Njuguna Henry , Fields Victoria L. , Salvatore Phillip , O’Hegarty Michelle , Vuong Jeni , Gregory Christopher J. , Banks Michelle , Rispens Jared , Dietrich Elizabeth , Marcenac Perrine , Matanock Almea , Pray Ian , Westergaard Ryan , Dasu Trivikram , Bhattacharyya Sanjib , Christiansen Ann , Page Lindsey , Dunn Angela , Atkinson-Dunn Robyn , Christensen Kim , Kiphibane Tair , Willardson Sarah , Fox Garrett , Ye Dongni , Nabity Scott A. , Binder Alison , Freeman Brandi D. , Lester Sandra , Mills Lisa , Thornburg Natalie , Hall Aron J. , Fry Alicia M. , Tate Jacqueline E. , Tran Cuc H. , Kirking Hannah L. 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Limited data exist on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in children. We described infection rates and symptom profiles among pediatric household contacts of individuals with coronavirus disease 2019.

METHODS:
We enrolled individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 and their household contacts, assessed daily symptoms prospectively for 14 days, and obtained specimens for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and serology testing. Among pediatric contacts (&lt;18 years), we described transmission, assessed the risk factors for infection, and calculated symptom positive and negative predictive values. We compared secondary infection rates and symptoms between pediatric and adult contacts using generalized estimating equations.

RESULTS:
Among 58 households, 188 contacts were enrolled (120 adults; 68 children). Secondary infection rates for adults (30%) and children (28%) were similar. Among households with potential for transmission from children, child-to-adult transmission may have occurred in 2 of 10 (20%), and child-to-child transmission may have occurred in 1 of 6 (17%). Pediatric case patients most commonly reported headache (79%), sore throat (68%), and rhinorrhea (68%); symptoms had low positive predictive values, except measured fever (100%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 44% to 100%). Compared with symptomatic adults, children were less likely to report cough (odds ratio [OR]: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.57), loss of taste (OR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.74), and loss of smell (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.96) and more likely to report sore throat (OR: 3.4; 95% CI: 1.04 to 11.18).

CONCLUSIONS:
Children and adults had similar secondary infection rates, but children generally had less frequent and severe symptoms. In two states early in the pandemic, we observed possible transmission from children in approximately one-fifth of households with potential to observe such transmission patterns.
Machine learning-based analysis of adolescent gambling factors
Authors: Seo Wonju , Kim Namho , Lee Sang-Kyu , Park Sung-Min 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsProblem gambling among adolescents has recently attracted attention because of easy access to gambling in online environments and its serious effects on adolescent lives. We proposed a machine learning-based analysis method for predicting the degree of problem gambling.MethodsOf the 17,520 respondents in the 2018 National Survey on Youth Gambling Problems dataset (collected by the Korea Center on Gambling Problems), 5,045 students who had gambled in the past 3 months were included in this study. The Gambling Problem Severity Scale was used to provide the binary label information. After the random forest-based feature selection method, we trained four models: random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), extra trees (ETs), and ridge regression.ResultsThe online gambling behavior in the past 3 months, experience of winning money or goods, and gambling of personal relationship were three factors exhibiting the high feature importance. All four models demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of >0.7; ET showed the highest AUC (0.755), RF demonstrated the highest accuracy (71.8%), and SVM showed the highest F1 score (0.507) on a testing set.DiscussionThe results indicate that machine learning models can convey meaningful information to support predictions regarding the degree of problem gambling.ConclusionMachine learning models trained using important features showed moderate accuracy in a large-scale Korean adolescent dataset. These findings suggest that the method will help screen adolescents at risk of problem gambling. We believe that expandable machine learning-based approaches will become more powerful as more datasets are collected.
The association between the Big Five personality traits and smartphone use disorder: A meta-analysis
Authors: Marengo Davide , Sindermann Cornelia , Häckel Daniela , Settanni Michele , Elhai Jon D. , Montag Christian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsPersonality is one of the most frequently investigated variables to shed light on the putatively addictive use of the smartphone. By investigating associations between personality and individual differences in addictive smartphone use, researchers aim to understand if some personality traits predispose technology users to develop addictive behaviors. Here, based on existing empirical literature, we aimed at determining the strength of associations between Big Five personality traits and smartphone use disorder (SmUD) by a meta-analytic approach.MethodFor each Big Five personality trait, we performed a meta-analysis of correlations representing their association with SmUD. We also investigated possible publication bias and the moderating effects of age, gender, nationality, length of personality assessments, and time of publication.ResultsWe found n = 26 eligible studies. In line with both the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model and the framework on problematic mobile-phone use by Billieux, we observed a positive association between Neuroticism and SmUD (r = 0.25), while the association between Extraversion and SmUD was not significant. Partially in line with the aforementioned theoretical frameworks, Conscientiousness was negatively associated with SmUD (r = −0.16). Remaining traits showed smaller associations. No significant publication bias emerged. Moderator analyses showed that time of publication moderated the link between Conscientiousness and SmUD. Moreover, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness showed a heightened inverse association with SmUD among older samples.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis provides robust empirical evidence that Big Five personality traits can help to understand individual differences in SmUD, supporting the usefulness of their assessment when planning and targeting interventions aimed at at-risk individuals.
TEMPORALIDADE, MUNDANIDADE E HISTORICIDADE: CONCEITOS FUNDANTES DOS SENTIDOS DE ENFERMEIRAS-DOCENTES ACERCA DA SAÚDE MENTAL
Authors: Queiroz Aline Macedo de , Fernandes Josicélia Dumêt , Pedreira Larissa Chaves , Teixeira Elizabeth , Silva Andrey Ferreira da , Lima Lília Pereira , Oliveira Rita do Socorro Ribeiro Quaresma 
Published: October 2020

<p>Objetivo: Compreender os sentidos que fundam o modo de ser de enfermeiras-docente em relação à saúde mental e como a saúde mental emerge em seu cotidiano de ser docente. Método: Estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na fenomenologia heideggeriana. Para apreender os sentidos utilizou-se a entrevista fenomenológica com 08 enfermeiras-docentes. A análise dos dados foi por meio da hermenêutica heideggeriana. Resultados: as enfermeiras-docente compreendem a saúde mental, na maioria das vezes, de modo impróprio como doença mental e revelam conceitos e pré-conceitos estabelecidos no seu cotidiano de ser docente, influenciados pelo modo de ser. Conclusão: Os sentidos que fundam o modo de ser das enfermeiras-docentes em relação a saúde mental estão ligados à temporalidade, mundanidade e historicidade, subordinados tanto ao falatório do cotidiano familiar como dos processos de sua formação acadêmica, e tais sentidos emergem como algo simplesmente dado.<strong></strong></p>
ANALISIS PENGARUH DOW JONES BANKS (DJB), DOW JONES ISLAMIC MARKET INTERNATIONAL TITANS 100 (DJI100X), NILAI KURS TERHADAP JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX (JII) DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2016-2018
Authors: Anas Zaiful 
Published: October 2020

The research aims to learn empirically the influence of Dow Jones Banks (DJB), Dow Jones Islamic Market International Titans 100 (Dji100x), the value of the exchange rate against JII in Indonesia year 2016-2018. This research uses quantitative methods and uses several methods of linear regression analysis. Data collection uses secondary data from the related data documentation. Data taken from the monthly closing price of each variable from the year 2016-2018 (36 months). The study used T and F tests and was processed using SPSS24. The results show that DJI100X, and the simultaneous exchange rate has a significant effect on JII. While the DJB variable has no effect on JII partially, it is simultaneously influential to JII.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara empiris pengaruh Dow Jones Banks (DJB), Dow Jones Islamic Market International Titans 100 (Dji100x), Nilai Kurs Terhadap JII di Indonesia Tahun 2016-2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dan menggunakan beberapa metode analisis regresi linier. Pengumpulan data menggunakan data sekunder dari dokumentasi data terkait. Data yang diambil dari harga penutupan bulanan dari setiap variabel dari tahun 2016-2018 (36 bulan). Penelitian ini menggunakan uji t dan f dan diproses menggunakan SPSS24. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa DJI100X, dan nilai kurs secara simultan berpengaruh secara signefikan terhadap JII. Sedangkan variabel DJB tidak berpengaruh terhadap JII secara parsial, namun secara simultan sangat berpengaruh terhadap JII.
Potensi Probiotik Terhadap Feed Efficiency dan Egg Mass pada Ayam Petelur
Authors: Mas'ad Khasmawati , Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita , Al Arif Moh. Anam , Soeharsono Soeharsono , Kurnijasanti Rochmah , Harijani Nenny 
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan probiotik yang mengandung Enterobacter sp., Cellulomonas sp., Actinomyces sp., Bacillus sp., dan Lactobacillus sp. terhadap feed efficiency dan egg mass pada Ayam Petelur. Sebanyak 36 ekor ayam petelur umur 30 minggu yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan. Perlakuan terdiri dari P0 (tanpa probiotik), P1 (probiotik 1 ml/liter), P2 (probiotik 2 ml/liter). Hasil penelitian pemberian probiotik berpengaruh (p<0.05) terhadap feed efficiency dan egg mass. Pemberian probiotik sebanyak 2 ml/liter air minum (P2) menunjukkan nilai feed efficiency tertinggi (66.1b ± 3.29). Nilai egg mass tertinggi (51.9b ± 3.36) terdapat pada P1 yaitu perlakuan yang diberi probiotik sebanyak 1 ml/liter air minum. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian probiotik dengan dosis 1 ml/liter (P1) maupun dosis 2 ml/liter (P2) meningkatkan feed efficiency dan egg mass.
Toksisitas Larutan Perak Nitrat (AgNO3) pada Mencit Balb-c Berdasarkan Kadar SGPT dan SGOT
Authors: Amri Indah Amalia , Hendrasmara Muhamad Ferian , Qosimah Dahliatul , Aeka Ajeng , Rickyawan Nofan , Purwatiningsih Wawid , Dameanti Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji 
Published: October 2020

Perak Nitrat (AgNO3) sering dimanfaatkan di bidang kesehatan sebagai bahan antimikroba. Efek pada organisme yang terpapar perak nitrat dapat mengakibatkan adanya akumulasi toksik pada hepar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dampak toksisitas perak nitrat terhadap kadar SGPT dan SGOT pada mencit Balb-c. Hewan coba yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 20 ekor mencit Balb-c dengan berat badan 25-30 gram dan umur 2-3 bulan serta masa pemberian perlakuan selama 14 hari. Perlakuan yang diberikan terdiri dari kelompok K- (tanpa induksi), P1 (100 µg/ml), P2 (200 µg/ml), P3 (300 µg/ml), P4 (400 µg/ml). Kadar SGPT dan SGOT diamati dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Data dianalisa menggunakan uji One Way ANOVA dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil dan kesimpulan menunjukkan induksi larutan perak nitrat pada mencit Balb-c dengan dosis P4 (400 µg/ml) dan volume induksi 0.5 ml dapat menyebabkan toksisitas pada mencit yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar SGPT dan SGOT.
The Effectiveness of Reactive Materials for Contaminant Removal in the Process of Coal Conversion
Authors: Grabowski Jacek , Tokarz Aleksandra 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
The technology of permeable reactive barriers (PRB) is one of the most frequently developed methods for protecting soil and water from pollution. These barriers are zones filled with reactive material in which contaminants are immobilized and/or their concentration is reduced to the limit values during the flow of contaminated groundwater. This article presents a study on the efficiency of the removal of contaminants from the post-processing water from the underground coal gasification (UCG) process. The tests were carried out in a laboratory using a flow-through reactor design. The post-processing water came from a UCG experiment carried out in the Barbara mine, Mikołów, Poland. Activated coal, zeolite, and nano-iron were used as the reactive materials in the experiment. The obtained results were compared to tests carried out with reference water (artificial) with strictly defined characteristics. Research has shown that activated carbon is the most effective material used in the reaction zone for removing organic contaminants from groundwater generated during the coal conversion process. A new feature is the use of PRB in a georeactor zone during the UCG process to limit the potential risk of contamination spreading in the case of uncontrolled and unpredictable operation, in emergency situations related to gas leaks into the environment, during underground fires, and for water polluted by high-toxicity substances.
Importance of congruence between communicating and executing implementation programmes: A qualitative study of focus-group interviews
Authors: Lindholm Lars H. , Laitila Minna , Lassila Antero , Kampman Olli 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The Ostrobothnia Depression Programme (ODP) in Finland was intended to implement two evidence-based brief psychotherapy interventions, namely motivational interview and behavioural activation, in several regional psychiatric teams. A simultaneous effectiveness study was conducted. Considerable tension was encountered between these two arms, causing resistance to change. We conducted a qualitative case study to better understand this tension and to discuss how managerial and executive practices may ensure the successful running of a hybrid design programme. Methods We conducted focus group interviews to evaluate the phases of preparation and practical execution of the ODP from the perspectives of management and the programme executives. To gather the data, we applied the revised Socratic approach for health technology assessment and focus group interviews. We analysed the data deductively according to Normalization Process Theory. Results We identified two main critical issues: 1) The ODP programme plan ignored the team leaders' crucial role in influencing the implementation climate and mobilizing organizational strategies. The ODP had a simplistic top-down design with minimal and delayed collaboration with its target groups in the preparation phase. 2) Incongruence occurred between what the project group had explicitly communicated about being the spearhead of the ODP and what they then actually enacted. These two issues caused tension between the implementation efforts and the effectiveness study as well as resistance to change among the staff. Conclusion Early, open collaboration with all prospective stakeholders towards a shared understanding about the programme is the first action the programme administrators should take. Agreement on goals and the means to achieve them would lower tension between the two arms of a hybrid design programme, thereby reducing resistance to change. Congruence between the goals communicated and the actual managerial and executive actions is of paramount importance in getting the programme recipients on board.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics and meteorological determinants of Hand, Food and Mouth Disease in Shaanxi Province, China: a county-level analysis
Authors: Ding Li , Zhang Ning , Zhu Bin , Liu Jinlin , Wang Xue , Liu Feng , Mao Ying 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is one of the common intestinal infectious diseases worldwide and has caused huge economic and disease burdens in many countries. The average annual incidence rate of HFMD was 11.66% in Shaanxi during the time span from 2009 to 2018. There are distinct differences within Shaanxi, as it is a special region that crosses three temperature zones. Hence, in this study, a spatiotemporal analysis of Shaanxi was performed to reveal the characteristics of the distribution of HFMD and to explore the meteorological determinants of HFMD.Methods: The county-level and municipal data from Shaanxi Province from 2009 to 2018 were applied to research the spatiotemporal characteristics of HFMD and its meteorological determinants. Time series and spatial autocorrelation analyses were applied to assess the spatiotemporal characteristics of HFMD. This study used spatial econometric panel models to explore the relationship between HFMD and meteorological factors.Results: The incidence rate of HFMD displayed no variable trend throughout the whole research period. A high incidence rate of HFMD was observed from June to September, corresponding to a time when the climate is characterized by heavy rain, high temperature, and high humidity. The high-incidence areas were mainly located in the central region in Shaanxi, whereas the low-incidence spots were mainly found in Northern Shaanxi. Regarding the meteorological factors analysed in this study, in general, the incidence rate of HFMD in specific regions was positively associated with the rainfall, temperature and humidity.Conclusion: These results could be applied by the government and the general public to take effective measures to prevent disease. Region-targeted policies could be enacted and implemented in the future according to specific situations in different areas and the relevant meteorological determinants. Additionally, meteorological conditions normally extend to a wide-ranging region; thus, cooperation among surrounding regions is necessary.
Association between omentin-1 and major cardiovascular events after lower extremity endovascular revascularization in diabetic patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Biscetti Federico , Nardella Elisabetta , Rando Maria Margherita , Cecchini Andrea Leonardo , Angelini Flavia , Cina Alessandro , Iezzi Roberto , Filipponi Marco , Santoliquido Angelo , Pitocco Dario , Landolfi Raffaele , Flex Andrea 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular complications represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. In particular, peripheral artery disease (PAD) represents a frequent T2DM vascular complication and a risk factor for the development of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Among adipokines, omentin-1 serum levels are reduced in T2DM patients with PAD and are inversely related to disease severity.Objective: To study the relationship between omentin-1 levels, at baseline, with outcomes after endovascular procedures in T2DM patients with PAD and chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI).Research Design and Methods: We enrolled for our prospective non-randomized study, 207 T2DM patients with PAD and CLTI, requiring revascularization. Omentin-1 serum levels were collected before revascularization and patients incidence outcomes were evaluated at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months.Results: Omentin-1 was reduced in patients with more severe disease (27.24 ± 4.83 ng/mL vs 30.82 ± 5.48 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Overall, 84 MACE and 96 major adverse limb events (MALE) occurred during the 12-month follow-up. We observed that omentin-1 levels were lower in patients with MACE (26.02 ± 4.05 ng/mL vs 31.33 ± 5.29 ng/mL, p < 0.001) and MALE (26.67 ± 4.21 ng/mL vs 31.34 ± 5.54 ng/mL, p < 0.001). The association between omentin-1, MACE and MALE remained significant after adjusting for major risk factors in a multivariate analysis. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve using omentin-1 levels predicted incidence events (area under the curve = 0.80).Conclusions: We demonstrated that reduced omentin-1 levels, at baseline, are related with worse vascular outcomes in T2DM patients with PAD and CLTI undergoing an endovascular procedure.
Synthesis and Application of Magnetic@layered Double Hydroxide as an Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Nanocarrier
Authors: Yousefi Vahid , Tarhriz Vahideh , Eyvazi Shirin , Dilmaghani Azita 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Magnetic nanocomposites with a core-shell nanostructure have huge applications in different sciences especially in the release of the drugs, because of their exclusive physical and chemical properties. In this research, magnetic@layered double hydroxide multicore@shell nanostructure was synthesized by the facile experiment and is used as novel drug nanocarrier.Methods: Magnetic nanospheres were synthesized by a facile one-step solvothermal route, and then, layered double hydroxide nanoflakes were prepared on the magnetic nanospheres by coprecipitation experiment. The synthesized nanostructures were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, VSM, and TEM, respectively. After intercalation with Ibuprofen and Diclofenac as anti-inflammatory drugs and using exchange anion experiment, the basal spacing of synthesized layered double hydroxides was compared with brucite nanosheets from 0.48 nm to 2.62 nm and 2.22 nm, respectively. Results: The results indicated that Ibuprofen and Diclofenac were successfully intercalated into the interlay space of LDHs via bridging bidentate interaction. In addition, in-vitro drug release experiments in pH 7.4, phosphate-buffered saline (abbreviated PBS) showed constant release profiles with Ibuprofen and Diclofenac as model drugs with different lipophilicity, water solubility, size, and steric effect. Conclusion: The Fe3O4@LDH-ibuprofen and Fe3O4@LDH-diclofenac had the advantage of the strong interaction between the carboxyl groups with higher trivalent cations by bridging bidentate, clarity, and high thermal stability. It is confirmed that Fe3O4@LDH multicore-shell nanostructure may have potential application for constant drug delivery.