bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent nipple discharge after nipple-sparing mastectomy secondary to unincorporated AlloDerm: a case report
Authors: Laarakker Avra S. , Rich Audrey , Wu Jeffrey , Fine Stephanie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Rates of nipple-sparing mastectomies have increased over the past decade. In 2017, acellular dermal matrix was used in 56% of breast reconstructive procedures, with complication rates similar to operations without AlloDerm. Although persistent nipple discharge after nipple-sparing mastectomy is a rare event, it has been described in the literature. Other authors have described evaluation and treatment on a case-by-case basis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report to describe a persistent unilateral discharge after multiple operative revisions and to provide an algorithmic approach to workup and treatment.

Case presentation
We present a case of a 29-year-old Hispanic woman with BRCA1 mutation who underwent a prophylactic bilateral nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate reconstruction using AlloDerm. The year following her operation, the patient underwent two surgical revisions, one for implant rippling and one for asymmetry. Six months after her second revision, she presented to our hospital with a capsular contracture and unilateral clear nipple discharge. Her breast ultrasound showed dilated subareolar ducts and a suspicious mass. Magnetic resonance imaging identified a benign-appearing, rim-enhancing fluid collection. She underwent a third revision. One year later, she returned to our clinic with bloody nipple discharge, erythematous skin changes, and a palpable breast lump. Her surgical biopsy showed a fold in AlloDerm and chronic inflammatory changes. She continued experiencing discharge and opted for nipple excision. During the operation, a lacrimal probe demonstrated a direct connection between the discharging external duct and a seroma associated with an area of unincorporated AlloDerm. The section of unincorporated AlloDerm was excised, and no evidence of malignancy was identified. Ten months later, the patient remained symptom-free and had progressed to placement of final silicone implants.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report to describe a nongravid patient with persistent unilateral sanguineous nipple discharge after multiple operative revisions. A visible communication between the draining duct and a seroma associated with unincorporated AlloDerm was ultimately identified. We present a clinical algorithm for patients with nipple discharge after nipple-sparing mastectomy.
A study on COVID-19 transmission dynamics: stability analysis of SEIR model with Hopf bifurcation for effect of time delay
Authors: Radha M. , Balamuralitharan S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper deals with a general SEIR model for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with the effect of time delay proposed. We get the stability theorems for the disease-free equilibrium and provide adequate situations of the COVID-19 transmission dynamics equilibrium of present and absent cases. A Hopf bifurcation parameter τ concerns the effects of time delay and we demonstrate that the locally asymptotic stability holds for the present equilibrium. The reproduction number is brief in less than or greater than one, and it effectively is controlling the COVID-19 infection outbreak and subsequently reveals insight into understanding the patterns of the flare-up. We have included eight parameters and the least square method allows us to estimate the initial values for the Indian COVID-19 pandemic from real-life data. It is one of India’s current pandemic models that have been studied for the time being. This Covid19 SEIR model can apply with or without delay to all country’s current pandemic region, after estimating parameter values from their data. The sensitivity of seven parameters has also been explored. The paper also examines the impact of immune response time delay and the importance of determining essential parameters such as the transmission rate using sensitivity indices analysis. The numerical experiment is calculated to illustrate the theoretical results.
Discrimination and quality evaluation of fifteen components in Stauntonia hexaphylla leaves from different harvest time by HPLC–PDA–ESI–MS/MS and ELSD coupled with multivariate statistical analysis and anti-inflammatory activity evaluation
Authors: Gao Dan , Vinh Le Ba , Cho Chong Woon , Cho Kyoung Won , Kim Young Ho , Kang Jong Seong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe leaves of Stauntonia hexaphylla (SHL) are a very popular herbal medicine in Korea because it can be used to treat rheumatic osteoporosis and other diseases. However, owing to the inconsistency in harvesting time and growth years, their quality is uneven, which indirectly negatively affects the safety of this medication. Therefore, the difference of constituents in SHL harvested at different seasons and years were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode-array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry detectors (HPLC–PDA–ESI/MS). A total of 15 components were tentatively characterized in samples of SHL, including 5 compounds reported for the first time in this plant. Moreover, the relative content of these constitutions was simultaneously determined by HPLC coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD). Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the quality has a certain extent difference in different harvest times, the best harvest time was 3 years old growing in autumn. The same harvest time was also suggested based on the anti-inflammatory evaluation.
Fully convolutional networks for structural health monitoring through multivariate time series classification
Authors: Rosafalco Luca , Manzoni Andrea , Mariani Stefano , Corigliano Alberto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe propose a novel approach to structural health monitoring (SHM), aiming at the automatic identification of damage-sensitive features from data acquired through pervasive sensor systems. Damage detection and localization are formulated as classification problems, and tackled through fully convolutional networks (FCNs). A supervised training of the proposed network architecture is performed on data extracted from numerical simulations of a physics-based model (playing the role of digital twin of the structure to be monitored) accounting for different damage scenarios. By relying on this simplified model of the structure, several load conditions are considered during the training phase of the FCN, whose architecture has been designed to deal with time series of different length. The training of the neural network is done before the monitoring system starts operating, thus enabling a real time damage classification. The numerical performances of the proposed strategy are assessed on a numerical
benchmark case consisting of an eight-story shear building subjected to two load types, one of which modeling random vibrations due to low-energy seismicity. Measurement noise has been added to the responses of the structure to mimic the outputs of a real monitoring system. Extremely good classification capacities are shown: among the nine possible alternatives (represented by the healthy state and by a damage at any floor), damage is correctly classified in up to $$95 \%$$

95
%

of cases, thus showing the strong potential of the proposed approach in view of the application to real-life cases.
Identification of pigments in artworks by inverse tangent derivative of spectrum and a new filtering method
Authors: Fazlali F. , Gorji Kandi S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Employing an economical and non-destructive method for identifying pigments utilized in artworks is a significant aspect for preserving their antiquity value. One of the non-destructive methods for this purpose is spectrophotometry, which is based on the selected absorption of light. Mathematical descriptive methods such as derivatives of the reflectance spectrum, the Kubelka–Munk function and logarithm have been employed for the characterization of the peak features corresponding to the spectrophotometric data. In the present study, the mentioned mathematical descriptive methods were investigated with the aim to characterize the constituents of an Iranian artwork but were not efficient for the samples. Therefore, inverse tangent derivative equation was developed on spectral data for the first time, providing considerable details in the profile of reflectance curves. In the next part, to have a simpler and more practical method it was suggested to use filters made up of pure pigments. By using these filters and placing them on the samples, imaging was done. Then, images of samples with and without filter were evaluated and pure pigments were distinguished. The mentioned methods were also used to identify pigments in a modern Iranian painting specimen. The results confirmed these methods with reliable answers indicating that physical methods (alongside chemical methods) can also be effective in determining the types of pigments.
Evaluation of adhesion of epoxy resin sealant to improve the corrosion resistance of thermal sprayed coatings
Authors: Carneiro Mateus R. D. , Freitas Bruno C. , de Barros Iuri B. , de Campos José B. , Bastos Ivan N. , Costa Hector R. M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe adhesion of coatings on a given substrate has fundamental importance on a coating/substrate system's functionality. The current paper presents the adhesion strength results of FeCr and CoCr-based deposits produced by the electric arc thermal spray process on carbon steel, with an intermediate layer of 95Ni5Al. Three chemical compositions were tested for coating deposition and were characterized using plate and tube specimens made of carbon steel UNS G10200 to result in a screening of performance. Microstructural evaluation by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed. Coating strength was measured using the standard pull-off test method. The corrosion resistance was analyzed with salt spray exposure, electrochemical polarization, and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests. The adhesion strength of FeCr and CoCr alloy coatings shows an overall average tensile strength of 27.2 MPa. All sealed conditions presented low corrosion and the samples with epoxy sealant exhibited a high resistance against corrosion. The X-ray diffraction results have revealed alpha and gamma FeCr alloys and chromite as deposited phases after the coating process.
Predicting pathways to optional summer science experiences by socioeconomic status and the impact on science attitudes and skills
Authors: Liu Allison S. , Schunn Christian D. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Large achievement and motivation gaps exist in science between students from higher and lower socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds. Middle and high school are an important time to address these disparities, as science motivation typically declines for all students at this time, leading to particularly low science interest and achievement for lower SES students on average when the gaps are left unaddressed. Students’ control over their free time also increases at this time, providing opportunities for optional science experiences that may improve science attitudes and skills to combat these achievement and motivation gaps. Using a longitudinal dataset of 2252 middle and high school students from two regions in the USA, we investigate (1) disparities between higher and lower SES students in participation in optional summer science experiences and post-summer science attitudes and skills; (2) whether the child and family characteristics that predict participation in home-related, nature-related, and STEM camp experiences in the summer differ for higher and lower SES students; and (3) how participation in these types of optional summer science experiences contribute to post-summer science attitudes and skills when controlling for self-selection biases.

Results
Higher SES students reported greater participation in optional summer science experiences and higher post-summer science attitudes and sensemaking skills. Fascination for science was more important for participation in home-related and nature-related experiences for higher SES participants, whereas science competency beliefs were more important for lower SES participants. For STEM camp experiences, higher SES participants with higher competency beliefs and lower SES participants with lower scientific sensemaking skills were more likely to participate. After controlling for self-selection biases that may influence participation in these experiences, we found that home-related and nature-related experiences had a positive impact on students’ attitudes toward science.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest two pathways for increasing participation in optional summer science experiences for higher SES and lower SES students. Specifically, it may be helpful to support interest in science for higher SES students and competency beliefs for lower SES students. Greater participation in home-related and nature-related summer science experiences can also increase science attitudes during middle and high school.
Lifelogging caption generation via fourth-person vision in a human–robot symbiotic environment
Authors: Nakashima Kazuto , Iwashita Yumi , Kurazume Ryo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAutomatic analysis of our daily lives and activities through a first-person lifelog camera provides us with opportunities to improve our life rhythms or to support our limited visual memories. Notably, to express the visual experiences, the task of generating captions from first-person lifelog images has been actively studied in recent years. First-person images involve scenes approximating what users actually see; therein, the visual cues are not enough to express the user’s context since the images are limited by his/her intention. Our challenge is to generate lifelog captions using a meta-perspective called “fourth-person vision”. The “fourth-person vision” is a novel concept which complementary exploits the visual information from the first-, second-, and third-person perspectives. First, we assume human–robot symbiotic scenarios that provide a second-person perspective from the camera mounted on the robot and a third-person perspective from the camera fixed in the symbiotic room. To validate our approach in this scenario, we collect perspective-aware lifelog videos and corresponding caption annotations. Subsequently, we propose a multi-perspective image captioning model composed of an image-wise salient region encoder, an attention module that adaptively fuses the salient regions, and a caption decoder that generates scene descriptions. We demonstrate that our proposed model based on the fourth-person concept can greatly improve the captioning performance against single- and double-perspective models.
Topographic influence on landslides characteristics and implication for risk management in upper Manafwa catchment, Mt Elgon Uganda
Authors: Nakileza B. R. , Nedala S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to characterize the topographic effect on landslides attributes and explore the implications on risk management in a tropical mountainous environment. A database was constructed based on landslide inventory from field surveys supplemented by desk research. The topographic parameters were derived from STRM DEM of a 30 m resolution for the study area. The analysis of the data was conducted in Arc GIS 10.5 environment. The relationship between landslides and topographic conditioning factors was analysed using the Frequency Ratio model. Results revealed that most landslides were distributed within the altitudinal range of 1500 to 1800 m a.s.l. on moderately steep slopes (15 o-20o) in concave curvatures (hollows). Shallow slides mainly debris flows and debris slides were predominant. Most slope failures were initiated on mid to upper slope positions in either new or old scars. Some runout depositions of large slides ended in streams thus undermining water quality. The findings on topographic parameters have implications and yet landslide risk management by the local population was generally inadequate. Any efforts toward effective landslide risk management should prioritise greening the sensitive topographic hollows and old scars particularly on mid to upper slope positions.
Resistance against phomopsis leaf blight disease induced by potassium salts in strawberry plants
Authors: Abd-El-Kareem Farid , Elshahawy Ibrahim E. , Abd-Elgawad Mahfouz M. M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundGrowing interest of strawberry cultivation in Egypt necessitates more efforts towards its severe phomopsis leaf blight disease caused byPhomopsis obscurans. Synthetic fungicides could control this fungus but due to their critical impact on human beings and the environment, we are in dire need of safe alternatives for its control. Therefore, the leverage of the potassium bicarbonate and dipotassium phosphate onP. obscuranssuppression on strawberry plants was examined.ResultsFull inhibition of the fungal linear growth was achieved at the highest concentration (2%) of the two salts. Under field conditions, 87.5, 81.3, and 81.3% were the best decreases in disease severity gained by the two salts at 2% of both salts and the fungicide Amstar, respectively. Potassium bicarbonate at 1.5% reduced severity by 68.8%. Concentrations 1, 1.5, and 2% of each salt considerably enhanced strawberry yield. The increases were 66.7 and 61.7%, at 2% concentration by the two salts, respectively. Increments by 126.7 and 150% of peroxidase activity in plant leaves and by 140 and 148% of chitinase activity were noted by the two salts, respectively, at 2%.ConclusionsThe examined bicarbonate and phosphate salts could suppressP. obscuransgrowth and spread. The more the used salt concentration, the better it suppresses the fungal growth with consequent effect on the plants which apparently promoted their field yield. Potential implications of the two salts on enhancing activities of the two enzymes reflected their role in suppressing the disease. Further research is needed to integrate these salts in management strategies ofP. obscuransin Egypt to foster strawberry yield utilizing ecofriendly approaches.
21 Code of Federal Regulations Part 11–Compliant Digital Signature Solution for Cancer Clinical Trials: A Single-Institution Feasibility Study
Authors: Miller Therica M. , Lester Jenny , Kwan Lorna , Tandel Megha D. , Karlan Beth Y. , Rimel BJ 
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE Inefficiencies in the clinical trial infrastructure result in protracted trial completion timelines, physician-investigator turnover, and a shrinking skilled labor force and present obstacles to research participation. Taken together, these barriers hinder scientific progress. Technological solutions to improve clinical trial efficiency have emerged, yet adoption remains slow because of concerns with cost, regulatory compliance, and implementation. METHODS A prospective pilot study that compared regulatory-compliant digital and traditional wet ink paper signatures was conducted over a 6.5-month period in a hospital-based health system. Staff time and effort, error rate, costs, and time to completion were measured. Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compare staff time and time to completion. A value analysis was conducted. A survey was administered to measure user satisfaction. RESULTS There where 96 participants (47 digital, 49 paper), 132 studies included (31 digital, 101 paper), and 265 documents processed (156 digital, 109 paper). A moderate reduction in staff time required to prepare documents for signature was observed ( P < .0001). Error rates were reported in 5.1% of digital and 2.8% of paper documents, but this difference was not significant. Discrepancies requiring revisions included incomplete mandatory fields, inaccurate information submitted, and technical issues. A value analysis demonstrated a 19% labor savings with the use of digital signatures. Survey response rate was 57.4% (n = 27). Most participants (85.2%) preferred digital signatures. The time to complete documents was faster with digital signatures compared with paper ( P = .0241). CONCLUSION The use of digital signatures resulted in a decrease in document completion time and regulatory burden as represented by staff hours. Additional cost and time savings and information liquidity could be realized by integrating digital signatures and electronic document management systems.
A New Generation of Iconoclasts
Authors: Rivera Eleanor L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the fall of 1906 crucifixes in primary school classrooms emerged as a point of conflict between national and local authorities. Arguments over these crucifixes demonstrate the narrowing interpretations of laïcité in primary education between the 1880s and 1906. Using the Norman department of Seine-Inférieure as a case study, this article analyzes the place of religious emblems in the classroom, the role of local preferences in primary education, and evolving notions of religious neutrality. Classroom crucifixes offer a new lens to examine the relationship between Catholics and Republicans in the period of educational secularization and highlight the movement from compromise to conflict in educational practice during the early Third Republic.A la rentrée de 1906, le crucifix dans les salles de classe de l'enseignement primaire provoque un conflit entre les pouvoirs municipaux et le gouvernement national. Les débats sur le crucifix démontrent une interprétation de plus en plus rigide de la laïcité qui apparaît entre 1880 et 1906. Cet article analyse le cas du département de la Seine-Inférieure, aujourd'hui la Seine-Maritime, pour comprendre la place des emblèmes religieux dans la classe, le rôle de la préférence locale dans l'enseignement primaire, et les différents principes de neutralité religieuse. Les emblèmes religieux offrent une nouvelle perspective sur les relations entre catholiques et républicains au moment de la sécularisation de l'enseignement. Ils mettent ainsi en relief l'évolution du compromis au conflit qui a caractérisé l'éducation primaire au début de la Troisième République.
The Japanese in New Caledonia
Authors: Ireland Benjamin Hiramatsu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article explores the history of the Japanese in New Caledonia at the turn of the twentieth century before considering how the French Pacific empire ordered the incarceration and deportation of nearly all Japanese subjects in New Caledonia to Australian internment camps. Retracing this neglected history through testimonies of descendants of incarcerated Japanese, as well as through archived governmental reports, this study first examines the legal identity of mixed-race Japanese Melanesians (or Nippo-Kanaks) and that of other half-Japanese métis in New Caledonia and then analyzes how French administrators policed the Japanese emigrant population. This article additionally considers the family history of a second-generation Nippo-Kanak daughter who shares a rare perspective on the New Caledonian Japanese whom the French refrained from deporting.Cet article examine l'histoire des Japonais en Nouvelle-Calédonie au début du vingtième siècle avant de considérer comment les autorités de l'Océanie française ordonnèrent l'expulsion de presque tous les sujets japonais en Nouvelle-Calédonie et leur incarcération dans les camps d'internement australiens. Retraçant cette histoire négligée à travers les témoignages des descendants ainsi que des rapports de gouvernement archivés, cet article examine d'abord l'identité légale des métis japonais-mélanésiens, appelés « Nippo-Kanak », et celle d'autres métis japonais en Nouvelle-Calédonie avant d'analyser comment l'administration française maintint l'ordre parmi la population d'émigrants japonais. Cet article s'interroge également sur l'histoire familiale d'une fille nippo-kanak de la deuxième génération qui partage une perspective rare sur les Japonais de Nouvelle-Calédonie que les Français s'abstinrent d'expulser.