bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis to Identify Efficient Technique for Interfacing BCI System
Authors: Keerthi Kumar M , Parameshachari BD , Prabu S , Ullo Silvia liberata 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Brain Computer Interfacing (BCI) allows user to control certain devices or objects using human brain. With the availability of various sensors, it is possible to obtain the data from the human brain which controls the physical activities in the brain itself. BCI users can access a system capable of communicating efficiently in a special manner that works based on the brain signals. BCI gives a better platform for physically challenged people to do certain significant functions in their daily routine. The use of brain imaging technologies in BCI helps to enhance the signal quality during the communication among the machines and the human beings. The paper describes some of the research works carried on BCI and its advancements to perform a better communication between the computers and the human brain, by using emerging technologies. This paper also covers the applications, challenges, and future directions of BCI.
Area Efficient Reconfigurable Buffer for NoC Router
Authors: Sendhilkumar N C , Murugesan R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the current research, FPGA-based architecture of the Noc device reconfigurable router is suggested. Proposed router specification entry is done with the Verilog Hardware Description Language. The latest research has a five-channel router and a crossbar switch (east, west, north, south and local). Each channel has buffers and multiplexers. FIFO buffer stores data, and multiplexer monitors the input and output of data. The channel contains FIFO architecture and multiplexers. The crossbar switch is then planned and five other channels. Reducing the number of LUTs in the proposed work decreased the router area. A report is given for the number of LUTs used in a router. Results obtained indicate the area efficiency of the proposed router over existing method.
Design of Optimized Radix-4 FFT Processor with Multiplier Sharing Method
Authors: Manimaran A. , Parasuraman S. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To implement the parallel pipelined FFT architecture in OFDM applications. The OFDM has developed in wide band Digital communication. The radix4 algorithm can achieve to reduce the half computational steps compare than the radix2 algorithm and R4MDC is reduces the slices and power consumption than the single path delay feedback. It can be converted into real and imaginary values. To reduce the twiddle factor complexity by using the bit parallel multiplier. It can be exploits the constant twiddle factor when the twiddle factor multiplicatier relocate the twiddle factor multiplications in timing process. The changes can be appeared in multiplications so have to perform the TF at clock signals in two ways data path.
Congestion aware Adaptive Reverse Routing Strategy for Improving QoS in WSN
Authors: Elangovan G , Kumanan T 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
General purpose routing techniques for a WSN cannot be capable to give adequate functioning for various communication. This creates low adaptively provided with a general purpose routing technique ensuing in several connections reaching extremely congested. Ant Colony Optimization-Based Fault-Aware Routing (ACO-FAR) is used to balance the load in WSN. In this scheme, the node can calculate the present routes as well as deviation packets via a least congested path [17]. However, this scheme lacking the efficient awareness of bandwidth distribution, guaranteed quality of service in the WSN. To overcome these problems in this paper, Congestion aware Adaptive Reverse Routing strategy (CARS) for Improving Quality of Service (QoS) in WSN is proposed. It is a highly adaptive congestion free routing algorithms that also allocate traffic more equally and reduce network congestion. Reverse routing is used for diminishes the energy utilization and avoid the multiple retransmission in the network. Average delay as well as throughput is the two parameters that are utilized to calculate the performance of routing strategy. Simulation results demonstrate that throughput 36.76% enhanced dramatically whereas preserving 40.31%lesser latency performance.
Credential Rate based Black hole attack Detection in MANET
Authors: Rameshkumar S G , Mohan G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) are growingly being distributed in protection-essential applications. Since their integral resource-restrained features, they are prostrate to several security attacks as well as a black hole attack is a category of which critically involves data gathering. To defeat that dispute, Credential based Black hole attack Detection in MANET (CRBD) is anticipated for MANETs. In this scheme, the vicinity account (VA) checks node cooperativeness among neighbourhood nodes as well as obtained data-packet account (ODA) checks the data packet forward rate. The black hole attacker has least both ODA as well as VA. In addition, the black hole attacker has highest outstanding energy compared to the neighbour nodes. These parameters isolate the black hole attacker nodes in the network. The simulation examination demonstrates that the least packet loss as well as network delay.
Link Consistency and Energy Efficiency for Improving Throughput in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Vijayabaskar K , Kumanan T 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) necessitate lifelong links as well as energy efficiency. Also the raising commercialization of WSN, supervising applications visits for increased quality of service (QoS). The formation of the energy proficient as well as consistent link is a vital to maintain the enhancement of the WSN performance. In this object, we introduce a Link Consistency and Energy Efficiency (LCEE) for Improving Throughput in Wireless Sensor Network. In this scheme, the link consistency factor (LCF) is used to measure the node link consistency. This LCF is computed by node consistency, Link quality, node remaining energy as well as Link healthiness. The LCEE method primarily enhances the network lifespan durability by minimizing sensor node energy utilization with almost logical throughput as well as the packet obtained rate while the improvement of the QoS parameters in the WSN.
Elliptic Curve Digital Signature technique based Abnormal Node Detection in Wireless AD HOC Networks
Authors: Deepalakshmi P , Kumanan T 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This Security, as well as routing Performance, is two significant operations of Wireless ad-hoc networks (WANETs). Even though, several efforts to enhance its secure routing scheme of WANETs continue susceptible to attacks. Contrasting the majority of conventional solutions which avoid the precise problems, this scheme inclines to distinguish the misconduct as well as recognize the abnormal nodes in WANETs. In this paper, the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature technique (ECDST) is used to detect the abnormal node in the WANET. This technique function recognizes the abnormal node as well as isolate that node them from the route. During route discovery, the ECC method utilizing the Weierstrass Elliptic functions for detecting the abnormal node. The abnormal nodes are discovered by signature verification technique on data communication. It attains consistency in routing with disqualifying the link by the utmost weight as well as validates the nodes. This scheme assures node availability, integrity, as well as improves network performance. The observational analyses illustrate that the introduced scheme can notice the abnormal as well as a compromised node in the network.
Damage characterization of heat-treated titanium bio-alloy (Ti–6Al–4V) based on micromechanical modeling
Authors: Rastgordani Shima , Ch Darabi Ali , Kadkhodapour Javad , Hamzeloo Seyed Reza , Khoshbin Mohammadreza , Schmauder Siegfried , Mola Javad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this study, a micromechanical finite element model is proposed based on experimental data and the rule of the mixture (RoM) in order to predict the tensile behavior of mechanical properties of heat-treated dual-phase medical-grade titanium (Ti–6Al–4V). Tensile tests, micro-hardness measurements, and RoM were used to obtain flow curves for the α and β phases. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging was used to determine phase fractions and to create representative volume elements (RVEs). Furthermore, the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) damage model was calibrated using the Taguchi design of experiment (DOE) method in order to predict damage in the microstructure and the results were compared to fracture surface obtained using fractography in order to investigate failure mechanisms. The final micromechanical model could accurately predict stress-strain curves and showed that void formation and coalescence is the primary mechanism of failure. Finally, analyses of the surfaces showed that a fully ductile fracture occurs at the failure point, which agrees with the results of the damage model. The results suggest that the proposed model can predict the failure of heat-treated Ti–6Al–4V bio-alloys.
Transport signatures of temperature-induced chemical potential shift and Lifshitz transition in layered type-II Weyl semimetal TaIrTe4
Authors: Jian Yu , Wu Quansheng , Yang Meng , Feng Qi , Duan Junxi , Chen Dongyun , Wang Qinsheng , Xiao Wende , Shi Youguo , Yazyev Oleg V , Yao Yugui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Temperature-induced Lifshitz transitions have been identified in several materials. Their chemical potential shows a substantial shift with changing temperature. The common feature of these materials is the coexistence of electron and hole pockets in the vicinity of the chemical potential. Here, we report the observation of temperature-induced chemical potential shift and Lifshitz transition in a layered type-II Weyl semimetal, TaIrTe4. The reversal of the polarity of the Hall resistivity and thermoelectric power (TEP) as the temperature increases clearly signal an appreciable shift of the chemical potential and change of the Fermi surface. It is corroborated by the improving agreement between the experimental TEP and the one calculated with temperature-dependent chemical potential. The complete disappearance of an electron pocket, consistent with the change of the Fermi surface when the chemical potential moves downwards, provides an evident signature of a temperature-induced Lifshitz transition in TaIrTe4.
Elevated Mating Frequency in Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Queens Exposed to the Miticide Amitraz During Development
Authors: Walsh Elizabeth M , Janowiecki Mark A , Zhu Kyle , Ing Nancy H , Vargo Edward Lind , Rangel Juliana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Most honey bee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies in the United States have been exposed to the beekeeper-applied miticides amitraz, coumaphos, and tau-fluvalinate. Colonies are also often exposed to agrochemicals, which bees encounter on foraging trips. These and other lipophilic pesticides bind to the beeswax matrix of comb, exposing developing bees. We explored whether queen-rearing beeswax containing pesticides affects the reproductive health of mated queens. We predicted that queens reared in pesticide-free beeswax would have higher mating frequencies and sperm viability of stored sperm compared with queens reared in wax containing pesticides. Mating frequency and sperm viability are two traditional measurements associated with queen reproductive health. To test these hypotheses, we reared queens in beeswax-coated cups that were pesticide free or contained field-relevant concentrations of 1) amitraz, 2) a combination of tau-fluvalinate and coumaphos, or 3) a combination of the agrochemicals chlorothalonil and chlorpyrifos. We then collected queens once they mated to determine sperm viability, using a dual fluorescent cell counter, and mating frequency, genotyping immature worker offspring at eight polymorphic microsatellite loci. Sperm viability did not differ between control queens and those reared in pesticide-laden wax. However, queens exposed to amitraz during development exhibited higher mating frequency than queens reared in pesticide-free beeswax or beeswax containing the other pesticide combinations. Our results suggest that miticide exposure during development affects queen mating frequency but not sperm viability, at least in newly mated queens. This finding, which has practical implications for commercial queen rearing and overall colony health, calls for further study.
Are Insects Heading Toward Their First Mass Extinction? Distinguishing Turnover From Crises in Their Fossil Record
Authors: Schachat Sandra R , Labandeira Conrad C 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTime and again, over hundreds of millions of years, environmental disturbances have caused mass extinctions of animals ranging from reptiles to corals. The anthropogenic loss of species diversity happening now is often discussed as the ‘sixth mass extinction’ in light of the ‘Big Five’ mass extinctions in the fossil record. But insects, whose taxonomic diversity now appears to be threatened by human activity, have a unique extinction history. Prehistoric losses of insect diversity at the levels of order and family appear to have been driven by competition among insect lineages, with biotic replacement ensuring minimal net losses in taxonomic diversity. The end-Permian extinction, the ‘mother of mass extinctions’ in the seas, was more of a faunal turnover than a mass extinction for insects. Insects’ current biotic crisis has been measured in terms of the loss of abundance and biomass (rather than the loss of species, genera, or families) and these are essentially impossible to measure in the fossil record. However, should the ongoing loss of insect abundance and biomass cause the demise of many insect families, the current extinction event may well be the first sudden loss of higher-level insect diversity in our planet’s history. This is not insects’ sixth mass extinction—in fact, it may become their first.
Effectiveness of Personal Protective Equipment in Reducing Skin Exposure to Soluble Platinum
Authors: Linde Stephanus J L , Franken Anja , du Plessis Johannes L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Various forms of personal protective equipment (PPE), including disposable coveralls and gloves, are used to help reduce skin exposure to soluble platinum in precious metals refineries. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of PPE in reducing workers’ skin exposure to soluble platinum.

Methods
Thirty precious metals refinery workers were divided into two groups according to their use of PPE and related procedures. Group A (n = 13) used disposable coveralls worn over standard overalls along with long-sleeved rubber gloves, while Group B (n = 17) used standard overalls only and surgical nitrile gloves. The skin (palm, wrist, neck, and forehead) and respiratory exposure of these groups to soluble platinum were concurrently measured (using Ghostwipes™ and MDHS 46/2, respectively) along with their urinary platinum excretion.

Results
Both groups of workers experienced comparable geometric mean (GM) respiratory exposure to soluble platinum (Group A = 0.744 µg m−3 versus Group B = 0.711 µg m−3) (P = 0.789), but significantly lower skin exposure (average of all measured anatomical areas) was found for Group A (Group A = 0.005 µg cm−2 versus Group B = 0.033 µg cm−2) (P = 0.018). Significantly lower skin exposure was measured on the palm (P = 0.017), wrist (P = 0.017), forehead (P = 0.027) of Group A workers compared with Group B. No significant difference was found for the urinary platinum excretion of the two groups (Group A GM = 0.208 µg g−1 creatinine versus Group B GM = 0.361 µg g−1 creatinine) (P = 0.273).

Conclusions
The use of disposable coveralls and long-sleeved rubber gloves, along with strict usage procedures, proved effective in reducing precious metals refinery workers’ skin exposure to soluble platinum.
LightBBB: computational prediction model of blood–brain-barrier penetration based on LightGBM
Authors: Shaker Bilal , Yu Myeong-Sang , Song Jin Sook , Ahn Sunjoo , Ryu Jae Yong , Oh Kwang-Seok , Na Dokyun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Identification of blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability of a compound is a major challenge in neurotherapeutic drug discovery. Conventional approaches for BBB permeability measurement are expensive, time-consuming and labor-intensive. BBB permeability is associated with diverse chemical properties of compounds. However, BBB permeability prediction models have been developed using small datasets and limited features, which are usually not practical due to their low coverage of chemical diversity of compounds. Aim of this study is to develop a BBB permeability prediction model using a large dataset for practical applications. This model can be used for facilitated compound screening in the early stage of brain drug discovery.

Results
A dataset of 7162 compounds with BBB permeability (5453 BBB+ and 1709 BBB-) was compiled from the literature, where BBB+ and BBB- denote BBB-permeable and non-permeable compounds, respectively. We trained a machine learning model based on Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) algorithm and achieved an overall accuracy of 89%, an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.93, specificity of 0.77 and sensitivity of 0.93, when 10-fold cross-validation was performed. The model was further evaluated using 74 central nerve system compounds (39 BBB+ and 35 BBB-) obtained from the literature and showed an accuracy of 90%, sensitivity of 0.85 and specificity of 0.94. Our model outperforms over existing BBB permeability prediction models.

Availabilityand implementation
The prediction server is available at http://ssbio.cau.ac.kr/software/bbb.
Attributable Cost of Healthcare-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in a Long-term Care Center
Authors: Nelson Richard E , Lautenbach Ebbing , Chang Nelson , Jones Makoto , Willson Tina , David Michael , Linkin Darren , Glick Henry , Doshi Jalpa A , Stevens Vanessa W 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Studies have shown that healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can lead to substantial healthcare costs in acute care settings. However, little is known regarding the consequences of these infections on patients in long-term care centers (LTCCs). The purpose of this study was to estimate the attributable cost of MRSA HAIs in LTCCs within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to VA LTCCs between 1 January 2009 and 30 September 2015. MRSA HAIs were defined as a positive clinical culture at least 48 hours after LTCC admission so as to exclude community-acquired infections. Positive cultures were further classified by site (sterile or nonsterile). We used multivariable generalized linear models and 2-part models to compare the LTCC and acute care costs between patients with and without an MRSA HAI.

Results
In our primary analysis, there was no difference in LTCC costs between patients with and without a MRSA HAI. There was, however, a significant increase in the odds of being transferred to an acute care facility (odds ratio, 4.40 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 3.40–5.67]) and in acute care costs ($9711 [95% CI, $6961–$12 462]).

Conclusions
Our findings of high cost and increased risk of transfer from LTCC to acute care are important because they highlight the substantial clinical and economic impact of MRSA infections in this population.
Patients’ Willingness and Perspectives Toward Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Regulatory Cell Therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Vent-Schmidt Jens , Goldsmith Laurie J , Steiner Theodore S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease is a life-changing disease resulting from recurrent intestinal inflammation. Current therapies (eg, steroids and biologics) are associated with mild to severe side effects, and none provide a cure. Recent research has focused on genetically engineering gut-specific anti-inflammatory T-regulatory cells (CAR-Tregs) to control intestinal inflammation, a logistically and conceptually complex approach. The purpose of our study was to understand patients’ willingness to try CAR-Treg given 2 hypothetical scenarios—in a clinical trial or as a new treatment.

Methods
We surveyed people living with inflammatory bowel disease about their willingness to try CAR-Treg. The online survey was developed using patient focus groups and associated literature. We recruited participants through email and social media. We used descriptive and inferential statistics to analyze closed-ended questions and inductive thematic analysis to analyze open-ended follow-up questions.

Results
Survey participants indicated high willingness to try CAR-Treg therapy in both a clinical trial and as a new treatment. Willingness to try was not correlated with disease state or medication history. Women were less likely than men to indicate willingness to participate in a clinical trial. Participants’ reasons for being willing to try CAR-Treg therapy included the wish to change their current treatment and the calling to participate in research. Participants that were not willing to try CAR-Treg mentioned the lack of long-term data and the success of their current therapy.

Conclusions
This is the first study to our knowledge to investigate patient willingness to try CAR-Treg therapy. Our results demonstrate the promise of moving this therapy into clinical practice as most patients indicated willingness to try.
CMBD: a manually curated cancer metabolic biomarker knowledge database
Authors: Chen Jing , Liu Xingyun , Shen Li , Lin Yuxin , Shen Bairong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe pathogenesis of cancer is influenced by interactions among genes, proteins, metabolites and other small molecules. Understanding cancer progression at the metabolic level is propitious to the visual decoding of changes in living organisms. To date, a large number of metabolic biomarkers in cancer have been measured and reported, which provide an alternative method for cancer precision diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. To systematically understand the heterogeneity of cancers, we developed the database CMBD to integrate the cancer metabolic biomarkers scattered over literatures in PubMed. At present, CMBD contains 438 manually curated relationships between 282 biomarkers and 76 cancer subtypes of 18 tissues reported in 248 literatures. Users can access the comprehensive metabolic biomarker information about cancers, references, clinical samples and their relationships from our online database. As case studies, pathway analysis was performed on the metabolic biomarkers of breast and prostate cancers, respectively. ‘Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis’, ‘phenylalanine metabolism’ and ‘primary bile acid biosynthesis’ were identified as playing key roles in breast cancer. ‘Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism’, ‘citrate cycle (TCA cycle)’, and ‘alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism’ have important functions in prostate cancer. These findings provide us with an understanding of the metabolic pathway of cancer initiation and progression.Database URL: http://www.sysbio.org.cn/CMBD/