bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PR13: Adjuvant TLR-3 administration enhances proinflammatory immune responses and is associated with extended survival in glioblastoma patients treated with dendritic cell vaccination
Authors: Antonios Joseph P. , Everson Richard G. , Mochizuki Aaron , Khattab Sara , Soto Horacio , Romiyo Prashant , Sun Matthew Z. , Moughon Diana , Billingslea-Yoon Emma , Odesa Sylvia , Li Gang , Kawaguchi Eric , Salazar Alex , Yong William , Schlossman Jason , Ellingson Benjamin , Wang Anthony C. , Cloughesy Timothy , Prins Robert M. , Liau Linda M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Malignant glioma, associated with a poor prognosis, is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. We and others have documented immune responses following dendritic cell (DC) vaccination as an active immunotherapeutic treatment for these patients. In this phase II clinical trial, we randomized malignant glioma patients to receive autologous tumor lysate pulsed DC vaccination with and without adjuvant Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. TLRs are present on dendritic cells and serve to modulate immune responses. Twenty-three patients with WHO grade III or IV glioma were treated with three intradermal injections of autologous tumor lysate-pulsed DC on days 0, 14, and 28 followed by an adjuvant placebo, TLR-7 agonist (resiquimod), or TLR-3 agonist (Poly ICLC). Mass cytometry (CyTOF) was used to analyze immune cell populations of patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) before and following treatment. DC-vaccinated patients who received adjuvant Poly ICLC treatment had a significantly improved median survival of 54 months over placebo (11 months) and adjuvant resiquimod (17 months) groups (P&lt;0.01). CyTOF and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNseq) gene expression analysis of systemic PBMCs from patients demonstrated increased immune cell activation and expression of proinflammatory genes. Notably, the expansion of a heterogenous myeloid cell population was noted to correlate with increased survival, corroborating preclinical evidence that these cells modulate adaptive immunity in the tumor microenvironment. Overall, these findings suggest that adjuvant Poly ICLC treatment improves outcomes with autologous lysate-pulsed DC vaccine treatment via modulation of proinflammatory pathways.
This abstract is also being presented as Poster B27.
Citation Format: Joseph P. Antonios, Richard G. Everson, Aaron Mochizuki, Sara Khattab, Horacio Soto, Prashant Romiyo, Matthew Z. Sun, Diana Moughon, Emma Billingslea-Yoon, Sylvia Odesa, Gang Li, Eric Kawaguchi, Alex Salazar, William Yong, Jason Schlossman, Benjamin Ellingson, Anthony C. Wang, Timothy Cloughesy, Robert M. Prins, Linda M. Liau. Adjuvant TLR-3 administration enhances proinflammatory immune responses and is associated with extended survival in glioblastoma patients treated with dendritic cell vaccination [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2019 Nov 17-20; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(3 Suppl):Abstract nr PR13.
An assessment of the conservation status of a presumed extinct tree species Wendlandia angustifolia Wight ex. Hook.f. in southern Western Ghats, India
Authors: Muthumperumal Chellam , Balasubramanian Paramasivan , Rasingam Ladan 
Published: March 2020

In this study, we carried out an assessment of IUCN conservation status of Wendlandia angustifolia Wight ex. Hook.f. (Rubiaceae), based on field data on populations and distribution status of this species that is narrowly endemic to southern Western Ghats. This species was earlier presumed to be extinct, however, our data suggests that it should be assigned to the Endangered (EN) category based on the IUCN Red List criteria.
Description of a new subspecies of the genus Microcerotermes Silvestri, 1901 (Amitermitinae: Termitidae: Isoptera) and the first record of another termite species from Meghalaya, India
Authors: Das Khirod Sankar , Choudhury Sudipta 
Published: March 2020

A new subspecies, Microcerotermes labioangulatus wahkdaitensis from Meghalaya, India is described. With the description of this subspecies, the genus Microcerotermes is reported for the time from the state. Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder, 1923 is also recorded for the first time from the state and its morphometrics has been revised.
Loss of MLKL (Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like Protein) Decreases Necrotic Core but Increases Macrophage Lipid Accumulation in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Rasheed Adil , Robichaud Sabrina , Nguyen My-Anh , Geoffrion Michele , Wyatt Hailey , Cottee Mary Lynn , Dennison Taylor , Pietrangelo Antonietta , Lee Richard , Lagace Thomas A. , Ouimet Mireille , Rayner Katey J. 
Published: March 2020

Objectives:
During the advancement of atherosclerosis, plaque cellularity is governed by the influx of monocyte-derived macrophages and their turnover via apoptotic and nonapoptotic forms of cell death. Previous reports have demonstrated that programmed necrosis, or necroptosis, of plaque macrophages contribute to necrotic core formation. Knockdown or inhibition of the necrosome components RIPK1 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 1) and RIPK3 (receptor-interacting protein kinase 3) slow atherogenesis, and activation of the terminal step of necroptosis, MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein), has been demonstrated in advanced human atherosclerotic plaques. However, whether MLKL directly contributes to lesion development and necrotic core formation has not been investigated.

Approaches and Results:

MLKL expression was knocked down in atherogenic
Apoe
-knockout mice via the administration of antisense oligonucleotides. During atherogenesis,
Mlkl
knockdown decreased both programmed cell death and the necrotic core in the plaque. However, total lesion area remained unchanged. Furthermore, treatment with the MLKL antisense oligonucleotide unexpectedly reduced circulating cholesterol levels compared with control antisense oligonucleotide but increased the accumulation of lipids within the plaque and in vitro in macrophage foam cells. MLKL colocalized with the late endosome and multivesicular bodies in peritoneal macrophages incubated with atherogenic lipoproteins. Transfection with MLKL antisense oligonucleotide increased lipid localization with the multivesicular bodies, suggesting that upon
Mlkl
knockdown, lipid trafficking becomes defective leading to enhanced lipid accumulation in macrophages.

Conclusions:
These studies confirm the requirement for MLKL as the executioner of necroptosis, and as such a significant contributor to the necrotic core during atherogenesis. We also identified a previously unknown role for MLKL in regulating endosomal trafficking to facilitate lipid handling in macrophages during atherogenesis.
MicroRNA-126-3p Inhibits Angiogenic Function of Human Lung Microvascular Endothelial Cells via LAT1 (L-Type Amino Acid Transporter 1)-Mediated mTOR (Mammalian Target of Rapamycin) Signaling
Authors: Cao Danting , Mikosz Andrew M. , Ringsby Alexandra J. , Anderson Kelsey C. , Beatman Erica L. , Koike Kengo , Petrache Irina 
Published: March 2020

Objective:
MicroRNA-126-3p (miR-126) is required for angiogenesis during organismal development or the repair of injured arterial vasculature. The role of miR-126 in lung microvascular endothelial cells, which are essential for gas exchange and for lung injury repair and regeneration, remains poorly understood. Considering the significant heterogeneity of endothelial cells from different vascular beds, we aimed to determine the role of miR-126 in regulating lung microvascular endothelial cell function and to elucidate its downstream signaling pathways.

Approach and Results:
Overexpression and knockdown of miR-126 in primary human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) were achieved via transfections of miR-126 mimics and antisense inhibitors. Increasing miR-126 levels in HLMVEC reduced cell proliferation, weakened tube formation, and increased cell apoptosis, whereas decreased miR-126 levels stimulated cell proliferation and tube formation. Whole-genome RNA sequencing revealed that miR-126 was associated with an antiangiogenic and proapoptotic transcriptomic profile. Using validation assays and knockdown approaches, we identified that the effect of miR-126 on HLMVEC angiogenesis was mediated by the LAT1 (L-type amino acid transporter 1), via regulation of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-126 in HLMVEC inhibited cell apoptosis and improved endothelial tube formation during exposure to environmental insults such as cigarette smoke.

Conclusions:
miR-126 inhibits HLMVEC angiogenic function by targeting the LAT1-mTOR signaling axis, suggesting that miR-126 inhibition may be useful for conditions associated with microvascular loss, whereas miR-126 augmentation may help control unwanted microvascular angiogenesis.
Everolimus Rescues the Phenotype of Elastin Insufficiency in Patient Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Kinnear Caroline , Agrawal Rahul , Loo Caitlin , Pahnke Aric , Rodrigues Deivid Carvalho , Thompson Tadeo , Akinrinade Oyediran , Ahadian Samad , Keeley Fred , Radisic Milica , Mital Seema , Ellis James 
Published: March 2020

Objective:
Elastin gene deletion or mutation leads to arterial stenoses due to vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation. Human induced pluripotent stem cells–derived SMCs can model the elastin insufficiency phenotype in vitro but show only partial rescue with rapamycin. Our objective was to identify drug candidates with superior efficacy in rescuing the SMC phenotype in elastin insufficiency patients.

Approach and Results:
SMCs generated from induced pluripotent stem cells from 5 elastin insufficiency patients with severe recurrent vascular stenoses (3 Williams syndrome and 2 elastin mutations) were phenotypically immature, hyperproliferative, poorly responsive to endothelin, and exerted reduced tension in 3-dimensional smooth muscle biowires. Elastin mRNA and protein were reduced in SMCs from patients compared to healthy control SMCs. Fourteen drug candidates were tested on patient SMCs. Of the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors studied, everolimus restored differentiation, rescued proliferation, and improved endothelin-induced calcium flux in all patient SMCs except one Williams syndrome. Of the calcium channel blockers, verapamil increased SMC differentiation and reduced proliferation in Williams syndrome patient cells but not in elastin mutation patients and had no effect on endothelin response. Combination treatment with everolimus and verapamil was not superior to everolimus alone. Other drug candidates had limited efficacy.

Conclusions:
Everolimus caused the most consistent improvement in SMC differentiation, proliferation and in SMC function in patients with both syndromic and nonsyndromic elastin insufficiency, and offers the best candidate for drug repurposing for treatment of elastin insufficiency associated vasculopathy.
Media Representation of Extreme Event Attribution: A Case Study of the 2011–17 California Drought
Authors: Osaka Shannon , Painter James , Walton Peter , Halperin Abby 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExtreme event attribution (EEA) is a relatively new branch of climate science combining weather observations and modeling to assess and quantify whether and to what extent anthropogenic climate change altered extreme weather events (such as heat waves, droughts, and floods). Such weather events are frequently depicted in the media, which enhances the potential of EEA coverage to serve as a tool to communicate on-the-ground climate impacts to the general public. However, few academic papers have systematically analyzed EEA’s media representation. This paper helps to fill this literature gap through a comprehensive analysis of media coverage of the 2011–17 California drought, with specific attention to the types of attribution and uncertainty represented. Results from an analysis of five U.S. media outlets between 2014 and 2015 indicate that the connection between the drought and climate change was covered widely in both local and national news. However, legitimate differences in the methods underpinning the attribution studies performed by different researchers often resulted in a frame of scientific uncertainty or disagreement in the media coverage. While this case study shows substantial media interest in attribution science, it also raises important challenges for scientists and others communicating the results of multiple attribution studies via the media.
Impact of mind mapping on the critical thinking ability of clinical nursing students and teaching application
Authors: Wu Hang-Zhou , Wu Qiu-Ting 
Published: March 2020

Objective We analyzed the impact of mind mapping on the critical thinking ability of clinical nursing students and its use as a teaching application. This study provides reference information for clinical teaching. Methods We selected 64 nursing students using convenience sampling. Participants received basic knowledge training of mind mapping in three sessions during the intervention. Questionnaires on critical thinking ability were designed by the researchers, adopting the Chinese version of the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory. Data collected using the questionnaires included learning strategy function and clinical skill improvement with mind mapping, as well as students’ degree of adaptability to mind mapping. Participants’ critical thinking ability before and after the intervention was analyzed using a paired t-test. Results The critical thinking inclination of nursing students was significantly improved after intervention compared with that before the intervention ( t = −0.74). The four dimensions of open-mindedness, inquisitiveness, cognitive maturity, and systematicity among nursing students after the intervention were also significantly improved compared with before the intervention. Conclusion Mind mapping is conducive to improving the critical thinking ability of clinical nursing students.
Humoral and cellular immune response to Buerger’s disease
Authors: Ehteshamfar Seyed Morteza , Afshari Jalil Tavakkol , Modaghegh Mohammad-Hadi S. , Mahmoudi Mahmoud , Kazemzadeh Gholam Hosein , Kermani Fatemeh Sadeghipour 
Published: March 2020

Objective Thromboangiitis obliterans is a nonatherosclerotic occlusive disease, affecting small to moderate sized arteries of the upper and lower extremities, leading to progressive inflammation and clot formation. However, the role of humoral and cell-mediated immunity in the development of this disease has not been clearly identified. The present study was intended to investigate the humoral and cellular immune response in patients with Buerger’s disease with different disease severity. Methods In an observational study, 80 male patients with Buerger’s disease were included and categorized into three groups (mild, moderate, and severe) based on clinical manifestations. After blood sampling, cellular phenotypes were determined, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, immunoglobulins (Ig) A, M, G, and E, as well as C3 and C4 components of the complement system and complement hemolytic activity (CH50) were measured. Results The mean age of the patient was 42.85 ± 8.39 years. Pulse abnormality, cold intolerance, and claudication were the most common symptoms. Eleven (13.75%), 46 (57.50%), and 23 (28.75%) patients had mild, moderate, and severe symptoms. Regression analyses showed that the presence of severe symptoms was significantly associated with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C4 levels ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Buerger’s disease in severe cases was associated with increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate and abnormal C4 levels. The alterations in these inflammatory biomarkers might be due to a secondary inflammatory response to the presence of ulcer or gangrene and the inflammatory process in patients with severe symptoms.
Spontaneous regression of the abdominal aortic aneurysm in a middle age female patient
Authors: Engin Mesut , Güvenç Orhan , Goncu Mehmet Tuğrul 
Published: March 2020

Introduction Abdominal aortic aneurysm is an important cardiovascular disease affecting especially the elderly. Early diagnosis of this disease is particularly important for treatment success. Spontaneous regression of aneurysms has rarely been reported in the literature. Methods A 63-year-old female patient was admitted to the internal medicine outpatient clinic with abdominal pain three years ago. A urinary ultrasonography was requested, which revealed no urinary pathology, but an abdominal aortic aneurysm of 5 cm. There were no pathological findings in routine blood tests and physical examination of the patient. Contrast-enhanced computed tomographic angiography showed an infrarenal Abdominal aortic aneurysm of approximately 4.30 × 3.24 cm. Three years later, the patient had come to the hospital for check-up with no complaints. In control computed tomographic angiography, the aneurysm was found to have regressed almost completely (2 × 2.15 cm). Results and Conclusion In this case report, to the best of our knowledge, we aimed to share the first spontaneous regression of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in a patient without any systemic disease or use of immunosuppressive medication.
Short-term prognosis of normalising serum potassium following an episode of hypokalaemia in patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Aldahl Mette , Polcwiartek Christoffer , Davidsen Line , Kragholm Kristian , Søgaard Peter , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Krogager Maria L 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background/ aim
It is well known that patients with chronic heart failure and hypokalaemia have increased mortality risk. We investigated the impact of normalising serum potassium following an episode of hypokalaemia on short-term mortality among patients with chronic heart failure.

Methods and results
We identified 1673 patients diagnosed with chronic heart failure who had a serum potassium measurement under 3.5 mmol/l within 14 days and one year after initiated medical treatment with both loop diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-II receptor blockers. A second serum potassium measurement was required 8–30 days after the episode of hypokalaemia. All-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality was examined within 90 days from the second serum potassium measurement. Mortality was examined according to six predefined potassium groups derived from the second measurement:&lt;3.5 mmol/l (n = 302), 3.5–3.7 mmol/l (n = 271), 3.8–4.1 mmol/l (n = 464), 4.2–4.4 mmol/l (n = 270), 4.5–5.0 mmol/l (n = 272), and 5.1–8.0 mmol/l (n = 94). We used Cox regression to estimate both all-cause mortality risk and cardiovascular mortality, with serum potassium at 3.8–4.1 mmol/l as reference. After 90 days, the all-cause mortality in the six groups was 29.5%, 22.1%, 20.3%, 24.8%, 23.5% and 43.6%, respectively. In multivariable adjusted analysis, patients with serum potassium &lt;3.5 mmol/l (hazard ratio: 1.51; 95% confidence interval: 1.13–2.02) and serum potassium 5.1–8.0 mmol/l (hazard ratio: 2.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.50–3.17) had an increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to the reference. After 90 days, the cardiovascular mortality in the six groups was 19.2%, 17.7%, 14.4%, 18.9%, 18.8% and 34.0%, respectively. In multivariable adjusted analysis, patients with serum potassium 5.1–8.0 mmol/l (hazard ratio: 2.32; 95% confidence interval: 1.51–3.56) had an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to the reference, while serum potassium &lt;3.5 mmol/l (hazard ratio: 1.37; 95% confidence interval: 0.97–1.95) had a trend toward increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to the reference.

Conclusion
Patients with chronic heart failure and hypokalaemia, who after 8–30 days remained hypokalaemic, had a significantly higher 90-day all-cause mortality risk compared to patients in the reference group (3.8–4.1 mmol/l). Patients with chronic heart failure and hypokalaemia, who after 8–30 days had the serum potassium level increased to a level within 5.1–8.0 mmol/l, had both a significantly higher 90-day all-cause mortality risk and cardiovascular mortality risk compared to patients in the reference group (3.8–4.1 mmol/l).
Nomenclature of the magnetoplumbite group
Authors: Holtstam Dan , Hålenius Ulf 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA nomenclature and classification scheme has been approved by IMA–CNMNC for the magnetoplumbite group, with the general formula A[B12]O19. The classification on the highest hierarchical level is decided by the dominant metal at the 12-coordinated A sites, at present leading to the magnetoplumbite (A = Pb), hawthorneite (A = Ba) and hibonite (A = Ca) subgroups. Two species remain ungrouped. Most cations, with valences from 2+ to 5+, show a strong order over the five crystallographic B sites present in the crystal structure, which forms the basis for the definition of different mineral species. A new mineral name, chihuahuaite, is introduced and replaces hibonite-(Fe).
Comparison of nutritional screening tools to assess nutritional risk and predict clinical outcomes in Mexican patients with digestive diseases
Authors: Chávez-Tostado Mariana , Cervantes-Guevara Gabino , López-Alvarado Sandra Estefanía , Cervantes-Pérez Gabino , Barbosa-Camacho Francisco José , Fuentes-Orozco Clotilde , Hernández-Corona Diana Mercedes , González-Heredia Tonatiuh , Cervantes-Cardona Guillermo Alonso , González-Ojeda Alejandro 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of malnutrition remains high in hospitals but no “gold standard” has been established to identify nutritional risks adequately. The Nutrition Risk Screening-2002 (NRS-2002), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and Controlling Nutritional Status Index (CONUT) are widely used screening tools, but their efficacy has not yet been compared in Mexican patients. Here, we aimed to compare the efficacy of these tools in identifying nutritional risks within the first 48 h of admission in a group of patients with gastrointestinal diseases.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study of 196 patients. The results of the screening tools, length of hospital stay, serum albumin and cholesterol concentrations, lymphocyte counts, age, body mass index (BMI), complications, and mortality were analyzed. Kappa (κ) statistics were applied to determine the degree of agreement between tools. The performances of the screening tools in predicting complications and mortality were assessed using binary logistic regression.

Results
The NRS-2002, SGA, and CONUT tools identified nutritional risk in 67, 74, and 51% of the patients, respectively. The observed agreements between tools were: NRS2002/SGA, κ = 0.53; CONUT/NRS-2002, κ = 0.42; and SGA/CONUT, κ = 0.36. Within age groups, the best agreement was found in those aged 51–65 years (κ = 0.68). CONUT and length of stay were both predictive for the number of complications. The number of complications and serum cholesterol concentrations were predictive for mortality.

Conclusions
The proportion of patients identified as having nutritional risk was high using all three screening tools. SGA, NRS-2002, and CONUT had similar capacities for screening risk, but the best agreement was observed between NRS-2002 and SGA. Only CONUT predicted complications, but none of these tools performed well in predicting mortality.