bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influenza vaccination coverage among Polish pregnant women
Authors: Łukowska P , Biesiada D , Molas-Biesiada A , Dubiel P , Leonczuk D , Gańczak M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Despite strong recommendations, influenza vaccination in pregnacy is still a controversy in Poland. Therefore, this study evaluates vaccination uptake and its determinants, as well as knowledge about influenza among Polish pregnant women.

Methods
A cross-sectional study based on an anonymous questionnaire was conducted between September 2019-February 2020 among consecutive pregnant women admitted to obstetric wards in 2 teaching hospitals located in Szczecin, Poland.

Results
Response rate was 88,6%. A median age of 210 respondents was 30 years (range: 16-44); 66.7% reported chronic diseases. Only 16.7% believed that they are at risk regarding influenza, 24.3% had ever received influenza vaccine (5.9% reported receiving vaccination in the 2019/2020 season); only 9.0% were planning on being vaccinated against influenza in the following season. The main reasons for not being vaccinated were lack of confidence in vaccine effectiveness (52.8%), concerns about side effects (26.1%) and lack of information about influenza vaccination in pregnancy (23.0%). Most respondents (89.0%) had heard about influenza vaccination, however, the mean knowledge score about influenza was 8.9 out of 17. Those who had heard about influenza vaccination were more likely to be immunized than those who did not (26.7% vs 4.3% respectively; p = 0.02). The uptake in those with a vaccinated family member was higher than in the group with no vaccination in family (48.8% vs 8.6% respectively; p &lt; 0.001). Respondents who had obstetrician's recommendation regarding influenza vaccination had higher immunization coverage than those who did not (57.9% vs 20.9%; p = 0.003).

Conclusions
The influenza vaccination uptake in the population of Polish pregnant women is disturbingly low. Improved information channels and education strategies, specifically guided by obstetricians, are needed to increase the uptake. A recommendation from family may positively influence vaccine acceptance.

Key messages
The influenza vaccination uptake in the pregnant women in Poland needs to be improved. Obstetricians and GPs should maximize their efforts to play a more active role in influenza immunization communication and delivery among pregnant women.
Immunisation status against major diseases preventable with vaccines in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Bezzini D , Battaglia M A , Ulivelli M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are more susceptible to infections than the general population due to the utilization of immunosuppressive drugs (DMDs) which require particular attention to the occurrence of infectious events. So, immunisation policies are mandatory or recommended.

Methods
In this pilot study, subjects receiving a diagnosis of relapsing-remitting MS since 2011 at a MS center in central Italy were enrolled. The immunization status against major infectious agents and safety of most used vaccines were recorded.

Results
103 patients (67% females), mean age 42 years, with no or mild disability (85%) were examined. The majority received vaccines against poliomyelitis (92%), hepatitis B (47%), tetanus and diphtheria (89%), but a small percentage got boosters every 10 years (31% for tetanus and 28% for diphtheria); other vaccines evaluated: pertussis (37%), mumps (23%), meningococcus B, C (5%), flu (1%). Evaluating immunization status due to vaccines or illnesses, a significant percentage of patients using immunosuppressive drugs was susceptible to infections, such as measles (44%), chicken pox (32%) and rubella (65%). Only 17% of patients were vaccinated after diagnosis and, regarding vaccine safety, only 1 had a relapse within 6 months following measles, mumps and rubella vaccine.

Conclusions
This study shows a very low number of vaccinations among patients, confirming the need of preventive information on their importance and safety for MS patients: major adverse events of therapy in MS include severe infections and the majority of patients are female in reproductive age. This pilot phase was followed by an ongoing study involving 25 Italian MS Centers and 3000 patients that will provide in 2022 useful results on vaccination policies and safety. The knowledge of immunisation status is crucial for the clinical practice in the management of DMDs, and for the public health policies for a vaccine campaign targeted to MS patients.

Key messages
Lack of information on vaccine safety bring to a low adherence to immunization program. The immunization status of patients is essential for a correct management of therapies.
ZIGZAG-KM for a comprehension and integrated action as answer to the Emergency Climate Declaration
Authors: Martinez-Herrera E , Gutierrez M , Molina J C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The headline goal for SDG13 focus specially on strengthening resilience, adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters as well as integrating climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning. In Colombia, the increase in rainfall and temperature jeopardize the well-being of the population. The Transdisciplinary Seminar on Environmental Health and Climate Change drives the strengthening of multisectoral research on impacts and vulnerability in the territory, promotes the construction of collective adaptation strategies that mitigate the health effects of recent emergency climate declaration.

Objective
ZIGZAG Knowledge Management (ZIGZAG-KM) generate common points from a collective construction on the Climate Change Adaptation Plan from the Environmental Health Component guided by participants. The steps of this methodology lead the stakeholders to develop practical constructions with freedom of adaptation and change, capacity for a new learning culture and an opportunity for collaboration in a team that identifies and balances their interests from a community approach, local resilience and citizen science. After 18 months we concrete a consensus Report on the determination of the contextual vulnerability analysis as a technical outcomes, nowadays, the scientific results are running on and will be included in a Report of collaborative learning about citizen scientists oriented for implement strategies of the adaptation plan with a community approach for Antioquia and the strengthening citizen participation actions to impulse collectively resilience to climate change. This Seminar was structured about multidisciplinary theoretical rules and transdisciplinary practical considerations, which will contribute in the social understanding of adaptation strategies.

Conclusions
In spite of the efforts, the culture of knowledge transformation continues to be limited due to interests that may arise among the participants.

Key messages
ZIGZAG-KM learning guided by experts, decision makers and defenders of health and the environment. Transdisciplinary orientation in thematic dialogues and actions is useful health adaptation on Climate Change and Emergency Climate Declaration.
Relationship between air temperature and mortality in two Portuguese cities
Authors: Isoppo C S , Fernandes A C , Romana G Q , Sequeira R , Pinho M J C , Rodrigues E F A , Sousa P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Current global climate changes are significant and the concern with temperature-related mortality have been investigated, especially related to extreme heat. In the current Portuguese scenario of health decentralization to municipalities, knowing the local climate profile associated to other risks allows public policies to be implemented to protect population.

Methods
The present study is observational and cross-sectional in two Portuguese cities, Odivelas and Torres Vedras. The daily data on average temperature and the number of deaths were analyzed between 2015 to 2018. The data were provided by statistics Portugal and Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere. For data organization and preliminary analysis, Microsoft Power BI and Phyton software were used.

Results
A scatter plot of the average day-temperature versus the number of deaths showed that the variables did not present a clear functional form, but there is symmetry on the graph. Preliminary analyzes were performed between these variables which resulted in a Pearsońs coefficient of -0.17 (p-value = 0.000, confidential interval = 95%) for Torres Vedras and -0.21 (p-value = 0.000, confidential interval = 95%) for Odivelas. The negative coefficient means the lower the temperature, greater the number of deaths. However, these results show that the coefficient is weak and there is no correlation with each other.

Conclusions
The result shows that the average day-temperature and the number of deaths is not correlated and it will be necessary to include other variables in the study. Other data will be assessed, including period and related factors (season and seasonality, for example). The statistical evaluation for the maximum and minimum temperature data for the day will be applied. Gender and age will be available too. In addition, mortality, morbidity, medication consumption and other environmental variables will also be analyzed.

Key messages
We believe that the results of this study will provide data for the development of public health policies. The decentralization of health to cities is a challenge that needs data support.
Exploring health risk of people living near the Secondary Transfer Stations and Landfills in Dhaka
Authors: Sara H , Alam R , Hasan T , Quayyum Z , Jerin D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Proper management of increasing solid waste is a major challenge for Dhaka city. Hence, the consequences on health are numerous and depend on the nature of the waste, individuals exposed, duration of exposure and availability of interventions for those exposed. This study seeks to identify the potential health risk associated with contamination from STSs and landfills in Dhaka city.

Methods
This study has adopted a multi-method approach that includes qualitative data collection and analysis of secondary spatial data. Thematic analysis was performed for analysing the qualitative data and. Spatial data were collected from the Survey of Bangladesh and analysed to show the spatial distribution of 68 STSs out of 81 STSs in Dhaka City.

Results
Qualitative study suggests that the leachate migration from the landfill and STSs make the surrounding environment worse and causes health sufferings to the people living near the STS or landfill along with the people directly working. Furthermore, findings from the spatial data reveal that, 12 STSs within 50-100 meters and 54 STSs within 100 meters radius of an education institute and round 75 STSs are also located within 100 meters radius of the health facilities. Numerous settlements and natural features are also located within 500 meters of buffer zone from the both landfills. Flies and mosquitoes are breeding at a greater pace in and around the landfills where high quantities of solid waste are being dumped. Again, waterlogging is very common due to the dumping of waste which in turn is causing the spread of dengue and other water borne diseases in the surrounding area.

Conclusions
Poor management and incautious allocation of the STSs and landfills have adverse effects on the people's health residing nearby. Managing waste in the landfill and STS with a proper manner, and engaging more manpower with adequate safety equipment could be a great help to reduce the health sufferings of the people living nearby.

Key messages
Improper solid waste management practice effects on the health of people residing near the STSs and landfills. To manage the waste of the STSs and landfills in an efficient way and not cause daily nuisance to the nearby residents.
Traffic noise, air pollutants and incidence of diabetes mellitus: a population cohort study in Milan
Authors: Magnoni P , Murtas R , Russo A G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Recent evidence suggests a link between long-term exposure to traffic-related pollution and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults. The present study aims at exploring this association in a highly urbanized setting such as the city of Milan.

Methods
This is a population-based retrospective dynamic cohort study in the municipality of Milan. All residents aged &gt;35 years with no prior diagnosis of diabetes were included (N = 1096654), with follow-up ranging from January 2011 to June 2019. The residential address of each subject was geocoded and assigned mean values of traffic noise at the day-evening-night level (Lden, dB) and NO2 concentration (µg/m3) using a noise predictive model and a NO2 land-use regression model with 30x30 m grid resolution. Associations with a new diagnosis of diabetes were assessed with Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, nationality and a socio-economic deprivation index. A dichotomous classification of addresses as city center/suburban based on the External Ring Road as a delimiter was also used for a stratified analysis.

Results
New diagnoses of diabetes occurred in 26134 subjects (2.4%). Models using NO2, either continuous or ranked into quintiles, yielded no significant results. When using noise to categorize traffic intensity (&lt;65/65-69/70-74/≥75 dB), a positive yet non-significant trend was shown. At stratified analysis, increases in risk were found for the two highest levels of exposure in the city center (70-74 dB: HR 1.141, 95% C.I. 1.013-1.284; ≥75 dB: HR 1.185, 95% C.I. 1.058-1.328).

Conclusions
Residential proximity to high-traffic roads categorized according to traffic noise was found to be associated with an increased risk of being diagnosed with diabetes. The effect is evident in the city center, whereas in the suburban area it might be masked by individual and lifestyle factors that ought to be investigated in future studies.

Key messages
Living close to high-traffic roads in a highly urbanized environment increases the risk of diabetes. Policies aimed at reducing traffic intensity in large cities may lower the incidence of this highly prevalent chronic condition.
Perception of end-of-life decisions by healthcare professionals in home palliative care and hospice
Authors: Faggian E , Martinato M , Gregori D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Home care and hospices are gaining higher importance in providing end-of-life care. The main aim of this study is to investigate clinical decisions of healthcare professionals in north-eastern home-care services and hospices caring for patients in their end-of-life. Moreover, the study aims to study nurses' and physicians' opinions on palliative care.

Methods
A questionnaire was administered to healthcare personnel in 5 homecare services and 2 hospices in a regional health service trust in north-eastern Italy. The questionnaire is made of three parts: the first deals with clinical decisions for the last patient who died, the second investigates opinions on terminal care, while the last collect data on participants.

Results
42 subjects have been enrolled, most of them are nurses, 64,1% without bioethics training and 53,8% without palliative care training. All the End- of-Life Decisions (DEL) were “non-treatment” decisions. None of the participants discussed the potential life-shortening effect with the patient. The involvement of patients' relatives in terminal care was meaningful for 86% of the professionals. The participants reported they usually discuss terminal issues only when patients or relatives ask for them, but palliative care seems to be the most discussed care-related topic.

Conclusions
Comparison with previous studies can't be performed because of the small number of participants. DEL were exclusively “non-treatment”. We found relevant data about options of shortening life, which was not discussed at all. Mainly only the professionals who give great importance to patient's religious beliefs discussed spiritual themes with them. Finally, the professionals trained in palliative care were more comfortable starting to talk to patients about the possibility of receiving palliative care.

Key messages
This study investigates clinical decisions taken by professionals in home-care and hospices in terminal ill patients care and professionals ‘opinions on palliative care. Communication on palliative care (PC) has been widely investigated: professionals trained in PC were more comfortable starting to talk to patients about the possibility of receiving PC.
The Nutritional Surveillance at school: experiences from ATS Val Padana (Italy)
Authors: Troiano G , Chiesa M , Cirrincione M L , Merisio J , Mondini F , Biazzi M , Mirelli M , Orsini O , Firmi A M , Clasadonte V 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Correct habits acquired in childhood positively affect the future health of the adult person. Therefore the school meal isn't as a simple satisfaction of nutritional needs, but also an important moment of health promotion, which involves teachers and parents.

Objectives
In ATS Val Padana the Food Hygiene and Nutrition Unit evaluates school menu at the beginning of each year (including special diets for specific diseases that require diet therapy). During the school year, trained personnel carries out inspections in schools, according to annual planning. During the inspection are evaluated: - Presence/respect of the validated school menu Number of mealsPeople preparing and administering mealsFood preparation and storageLiking by childrenManagement of special dietsManagement of the meal as an educational moment

Results
132 inspections were performed: 70 in 2018 and 62 in 2019. 23 (17.42%) were conducted in nursery schools, 62 (46.96%) in kindergartens, 44 (33.33%) in primary schools, 3 (2.27%) in middle schools. 47 (35.60%) were privately managed; 61 (46.21%) were also equipped with a kitchen for preparing meals. 41 inspections (31.06%) showed slight criticalities; 9 (6.81%) serious problems (poor hygiene, lack of control over special diets - which required further inspections). A statistically significant difference was observed (p = 0.02) between 2018 and 2019, with a clear decrease in criticality in 2019. No difference in the results of the checks was observed in relation to the type of school, management, and to the presence or not of a kitchen (all p &gt; 0.05).

Conclusions
The effectiveness of the control system is represented by the relationship between non-conformities detected during the checks and the number of performed checks. In 2019, despite the controls have increased compared to the previous year, the incidence of non-conformities has decreased. This indicates that control activities is positive to improve the quality of the school meal.

Key messages
The school meal is a fundamental educational moment for children. Control activities have positive impact on the quality of the school meal.
Relationship between dietary composition and normal body temperature and hypothermia
Authors: Kimura K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Maintaining a core temperature of 37.0 °C is important for autoimmunity, but reports in recent years show a declining trend in body temperature in Japan. The present study aimed to identify the factors leading to hypothermia by examining the relationship between dietary composition.

Methods
The subjects were 80 healthy females (average age: 18.2±1.0 years). We used a questionnaire format to survey the dietary pattern of the subjects. The dietary patterns were assessed by examining the average meal content consumed per week over the last 1-2 months and meal consumption, including nutritional content and other factors, using analysis software. The subjects measured their tympanic temperature using a thermometer after waking up. Correlation coefficient was calculated to determine correlations between tympanic temperature and each item.

Results
A significant correlation was observed between tympanic membrane temperatures upon waking up and iodine intake (r = 0.301,P&lt;0.05) as well as the adequacy ratio of iodine reference intake (ratio of iodine intake to the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese, r = 0.301,P&lt;0.05). A comparison between the group with tympanic membrane temperatures of ≥ 36.0 °C upon waking up and that with temperatures of &lt; 36.0 °C showed a significant difference in iodine intake (732±518μg vs 422±248μg,P&lt;0.05) and the adequacy ratio of iodine reference intake (5.6±4.0 vs 3.2±1.9,P&lt;0.05).

Conclusions
We examined the association of body temperature in Japanese women in their teens with their dietary composition and found a correlation between iodine intake and the adequacy ratio of iodine reference intake. Iodine is a substance essential for the production of the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Thyroid hormones regulate biochemical reactions, such as protein synthesis and enzyme activity, and play an important role in regulating metabolic activity. Therefore, iodine may influence body temperature via these hormones.

Key messages
Regular body temperature monitoring is recommended for the prevention of infectious diseases. When there is a decrease in the body temperature, dietary composition of the individual should be checked.
Examining the relationship between inflammation markers and anthropometric values in primary care
Authors: Mete B , Deger MS , Zoroglu G , Pehlivan E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
In recent studies, adipose tissue appears to be associated with inflammation. In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between inflammation markers and anthropometric measurement values and blood lipid values for purpose in primary health units.

Methods
The universe of this study has comprised healthy adults admitted to a community health units' diet clinic in a city of eastern Turkey in the city in 2019. Blood analyzes were done in the family medicine laboratory, those with high leukocyte values were excluded and 274 adults were included in the study. The relationship between blood lipid values, complete blood count, inflammation markers, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLO), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLO) and lymphocyte monocyte ratio (LMO) and anthropometric measurements of adults were investigated. Spearman correlation test, Kruskal Wallis test, Multiple Linear Regression test were used in the analysis of the data.

Results
The average age of 274 people participating in the study is 34.07 ± 9.92. According to BMI, no significant difference was found between NLO, PLO and MLO ratios. Significantly weak negative correlation between PLO and skeletal muscle, basal metabolic rate, body fluid amount and lean mass; a negative correlation between HDL and BMI, amount of body fat and amount of internal lubrication were found (p &lt; 0,003). The increase in the amount of skeletal muscle causes a decrease in the level of total cholesterol, while the increase in the amount of internal lubrication causes an increase in the level of total cholesterol. A positive weak correlation was found between NLO and LDL(p &lt; 0,001), a very weak positive correlation between NLO and total cholesterol and a very weak positive correlation between LMO and LDL(p &lt; 0,014).

Conclusions
It was observed that there was a very weak correlation between anthropometric values and cholesterol levels and inflammation markers, and moderate levels of blood lipid values in healthy individuals.

Key messages
In primary care, measuring the body composition of healthy people at least once a year appears to be a valuable practice. Exercises that increase skeletal muscle and reduce the amount of internal fat should be recommended to patients with high cholesterol or healthy people at risk.