bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing practice and global refugee migration: initial impressions from an Intergovernmental‐Academic Partnership
Authors: Bampoh V. , Thongkhamkitcharoen M. , Dicker S. , Dalal W. , Frerich E. , Mann E. , Porta C. , Siddons N. , Stauffer WM , Hoffman S.J. 
Published: June 2020

AimThis report from the field describes impressions of the initial impact of bilateral, multi‐sectoral field‐based activities undertaken to strengthen International Organization for Migration/United Nations Migration Agency and US‐based nurses’ capacity to address complex clinical, social and cultural challenges experienced by refugees in resettlement. Authors comment on the defined and thorough health assessment process that refugees go through prior to resettlement, and focus on the essential nursing role in the health assessment process and continuum of care. The development of the interdisciplinary and collaborative partnership is described as well as next steps to move the partnership forward.BackgroundIn 2017, International Organization for Migration/United Nations Migration Agency and the University of Minnesota, guided by experts from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, began a unique bilateral Intergovernmental‐Academic partnership to enhance the health care of refugees. A key component was to strengthen nursing care of refugees through the standardization of clinical practice and nursing leadership.Sources of EvidenceListening sessions, direct interaction between International Organization for Migration/United Nations Migration Agency and US‐based refugee resettlement stakeholders, patterns in resettlement.Conclusion and Implications for Nursing and Health PolicyThe report highlights the potential public health impact of a bilateral and collaborative initiative that develops and bridges key points in the migration and health trajectory of people with refugee status. Separated by geography, context and scope of work, health professionals in different roles in varied worldwide settings with a spectrum of resources may not fully understand the work of each other. Project activities were a platform through which US‐based and internationally based nurses established mutuality, reciprocity and equity as partners. By strengthening systems and resources, the partnership reinforces the abilities of nurses who engage in this important work, to optimize health and wellbeing of people with refugee status.
A Confluence of Anticolonial Pathways for Indigenous Sacred Site Protection
Authors: Ellis Rachel , Perry Denielle 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe confluence of the Little Colorado and Colorado Rivers is an Indigenous socio‐ecological landscape, revolving in large part around water resources. Substantial surface and groundwater use within the Little Colorado River (LCR) basin threatens the water sources of the confluence, springs in the LCR basin, and specifically the HopiSipapuni—a sacred site of cultural emergence. To address concerns about diminished flows of sacred springs, we engaged in praxis through collaborative, reciprocal, community‐based research processes. Through the lens of anticolonial theory, we ask: Can federal policies be employed in an anticolonial pursuit of water and sacred site protection? How do Indigenous grassroots organizers envision protection and work to re‐Indigenize water management? Semi‐structured interviews with Indigenous community organizers and federal land managers were coupled with policy analysis of the National Historic Preservation Act/Traditional Cultural Properties, the ongoing LCR Adjudication, and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Findings point to multifaceted, complex, and contradictory themes that elucidate the continued influence of colonization on water governance and the degree to which protection solutions can be anticolonial. Criteria were generated for anticolonial protective pathways that highlight the centrality of reciprocal relationships, Indigenous Knowledges, and meaningful inclusion. While details about protection pathways for the confluence andSipapuniare many, the salient finding is that the struggle for water protection in the LCR is the struggle for protection of inherent Indigenous rights.
Walleye Ogaawag Spearing in the Portage Waterway, Michigan: Integrating Mixed Methodology for Insight on an Important Tribal Fishery
Authors: Kozich Andrew T. , Gagnon Valoree S. , Mensch Gene , Michels Sophia , Gehring Nicholas 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Portage Waterway in Michigan's Upper Peninsula supports traditional Anishnaabe walleye (or ogaawag in the Anishnaabe language) spear‐harvesting for the Keweenaw Bay Indian Community (KBIC). Through reserved Indian treaty fishing rights, KBIC is highly involved in the waterway's stewardship and annual community spear‐harvest. Tribal leadership and fisheries personnel have long documented that annual harvests are far below sustainable quotas. The objectives of this research were to 1) understand the values and concerns of KBIC tribal members on Anishnaabe walleye (ogaawag) spear‐harvesting, 2) examine water temperature patterns during the spring 2018 harvest to seek insight on how harvests may be optimized, and 3) integrate Anishinaabe gikendaasowin or traditional knowledge with science and education. We conducted an online survey in February 2018, containing 27 questions, to gain preliminary insight on KBIC's perspectives of the annual walleye (ogaawag) spear‐harvest. Nearly all respondents highly value the spear‐harvest tradition personally and on behalf of the community. Similarly, nearly all agreed that it is important for the KBIC to manage its own fishery resources, and that the Tribe's Natural Resources Department effectively does so. Respondents also expressed concerns about factors that could impact their harvests, including environmental changes and confrontations with non‐Native residents. From May 1 to May 19, 2018, we deployed 13 Onset HOBO Pro V2 temperature dataloggers across the Portage Waterway to measure spring warming patterns in locations popular for spear‐fishing. This period encompassed the entire KBIC spear‐harvest season, with dataloggers recording water temperature every two hours. Temperature data show that management of the harvest season may need revision, as embayments and sloughs where spear‐fishing largely occurs warmed significantly earlier than other parts of the waterway. As the presence of walleye (ogaawag) in shallow waters depends on temperature, some parts of the waterway should be opened for harvesting earlier. Our findings will be prepared in a formal recommendation for KBIC leadership in efforts to increase harvests for the Tribal community that rely on walleye (ogaawag) as a sacred and traditional food source.
Losartan attenuates neuroinflammation and neuropathic pain in paclitaxel‐induced peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Kalynovska Nataliia , Diallo Mickael , Sotakova‐Kasparova Dita , Palecek Jiri 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPaclitaxel‐induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is often associated with neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation in the central and peripheral nervous system. Antihypertensive drug losartan, an angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) blocker, was shown to have anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in disease models, predominantly via activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Here, the effect of systemic losartan treatment (100 mg/kg/d) on mechanical allodynia and neuroinflammation was evaluated in rat PIPN model. The expression of pro‐inflammatory markers protein and mRNA levels in dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH) were measured with Western blot, ELISA and qPCR 10 and 21 days after PIPN induction. Losartan treatment attenuated mechanical allodynia significantly. Paclitaxel induced overexpression of C‐C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), tumour necrosis alpha (TNFα) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) in DRGs, where the presence of macrophages was demonstrated. Neuroinflammatory changes in DRGs were accompanied with glial activation and pro‐nociceptive modulators production in SCDH. Losartan significantly attenuated paclitaxel‐induced neuroinflammatory changes and induced expression of pro‐resolving markers (Arginase 1 and IL‐10) indicating a possible shift in macrophage polarization. Considering the safety profile of losartan, acting also as partial PPARγ agonist, it may be considered as a novel treatment strategy for PIPN patients.
Sucker with a fat lip: The soft tissues underlying the viscoelastic grip of remora adhesion
Authors: Cohen Karly E. , Crawford Callie H. , Hernandez Luz Patricia , Beckert Michael , Nadler Jason H. , Flammang Brooke E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRemoras are fishes that attach to a broad range of hosts using an adhesive disc on their head that is derived from dorsal fin elements. Research on the adhesive mechanism of remoras has focused primarily on the skeletal components of the disc and their contribution to generating suction and friction. However, the soft tissues of the disc, such as the soft lip surrounding the bony disc and the muscles that control the bony lamellae, have been largely ignored. To understand the sealing mechanism of the disc, it is imperative to understand the tissue morphology and material properties of the soft lip. Here, we show that the soft lip surrounding the remora disc is comprised of discrete multilayered collagen, fat, and elastic tissues which we hypothesize to have specific roles in the viscoelastic sealing mechanism of the remora disc. The central, heavily vascularized fat and collagen layer are infiltrated by strands of elastic tissue and surrounded by crossed‐fiber collagen. A newly described jubilee muscle underneath the adhesive disc provides a mechanism for stopping venous return from the disc lip, thereby allowing it to become engorged and create a pressurized fit to the attachment substrate. Thus, the remora lip acts as a vascular hydrostat.
Saving the public from the private? Incentives and outcomes in dual practice
Authors: Kuhn Michael , Nuscheler Robert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe consider a monopoly physician offering free public treatment and, if allowed, a private treatment for which patients have to pay out of pocket. While patients differ in the propensity to benefit from private treatment it always yields better health outcomes than public treatment but is also more costly in terms of money and time. We study the physician's supply of private care and allocation of time costs across public and private patients and contrast these with the first‐best allocation. To increase the willingness‐to‐pay for private treatment the physician shifts time costs to public patients. While this turns out to be socially optimal, the resulting positive network effect leads to an over‐provision of private care if time costs are sufficiently high. A second‐best allocation arises when the health authority sets public reimbursement but has no control over private provision. Depending on the welfare weight the health authority attaches to physician profits, a ban of dual practice may improve on the second‐best allocation. Notably, a ban benefits not only public patients but also private patients with a moderate propensity to benefit from private care.
Labor market characteristics and cultural choice
Authors: Ellis Christopher , Thompson Jon C. , Wu Jiabin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe develop a model of cultural selection based on the labor market characteristics of different cultural types. Following Borjas (1994, 1995) we assume that cultural heterogeneity increases labor productivity due to skill complementarities, however following Jackson and Xing (2014) we also assume that cultural heterogeneity hampers communication. We model this as a game in which individuals from two cultural types first engage in random matching, then once matched play a coordination game. Other‐type matches are thus potentially more productive, but also less likely to coordinate. We show that these two labor market characteristics serve as important primitives in determining if a cultural minority persists. Essentially, when the productivity advantages from a cross‐cultural match sufficiently outweigh the disadvantages of coordination problems then the cultural minority will persist. If not it will be assimilated. Further, we obtain results concerning the efficient size of the cultural minority, the effects of tax and welfare programs on the size and welfare of the cultural minority, and the relationship between the intensity of social interaction and size and welfare of the cultural minority.
Survey on the role of nutrition in first‐opinion practices in Austria and Germany: An evaluation of knowledge, preferences and need for further education
Authors: Bruckner Irene , Handl Stefanie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA survey was conducted among first‐opinion practices in Germany and Austria on dog nutrition consultation, food sold in the practice, recommendations given to owners, most commonly encountered consequences of malnutrition, need for further education and feeding of own dogs. Of the 169 participants, one third was from Austria, two thirds from Germany. Most practiced in the countryside or in suburbs, were female and between 36 and 55 years old. The majority felt that nutrition has become an important topic, and that “feeding myths” were on the rise. However, only in 18% of the practices at least one staff member had further education in nutrition, while none of the participants had a national or international degree. Only half of our participants felt qualified to give nutrition advice. A nutritional assessment was not regularly performed, and the Body Condition Score was not regularly assessed, often only when health problems were obvious. If a homemade diet was requested, practitioners rather referred to a nutritionist, while 25% left it up to the owners. Most relied on traditional premium diets for their patients and also for their own dogs. Feeding myths seemed to be widespread among veterinarians, too; even Biologically Appropriate Raw Feeding and diets not complying with EU legislation were recommended. There is obvious need for further education and specialization to establish nutrition consultation as a profitable service in small animal practice.
Learning technologies: A medium for the transformation of medical education?
Authors: Grainger Rebecca , Liu Qian , Geertshuis Susan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractContextLearning technologies are ubiquitous in medical schools, implemented in anticipation of more effective, active and authentic learning and teaching. Such thinking appears to be an instance of solutionism. The evidence is that academics’ adoption of learning technologies is often limited in scale and scope and frequently fails to transform their teaching practices.PurposeThis paper aims to provide a contextualised analysis of considerations pertinent to the adoption of learning technologies by teaching staff. We contextualise a framework for understanding adoption of learning technologies in higher education by medical education.ConclusionsWe identify multiple precursors that predict individual patterns of adoption, illuminating factors related to the technology, the individual staff member charged with adoption and the working environment. We offer conceptual clarity to the vexed issue of learning technology adoption and provide evidence explaining why, despite their widely promulgated potential, learning technologies do not offer an easy route to the transformation of medical education.
Generative adversarial network for road damage detection
Authors: Maeda Hiroya , Kashiyama Takehiro , Sekimoto Yoshihide , Seto Toshikazu , Omata Hiroshi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMachine learning can produce promising results when sufficient training data are available; however, infrastructure inspections typically do not provide sufficient training data for road damage. Given the differences in the environment, the type of road damage and the degree of its progress can vary from structure to structure. The use of generative models, such as a generative adversarial network (GAN) or a variational autoencoder, makes it possible to generate a pseudoimage that cannot be distinguished from a real one. Combining a progressive growing GAN along with Poisson blending artificially generates road damage images that can be used as new training data to improve the accuracy of road damage detection. The addition of a synthesized road damage image to the training data improves the F‐measure by 5% and 2% when the number of original images is small and relatively large, respectively. All of the results and the new Road Damage Dataset 2019 are publicly available (https://github.com/sekilab/RoadDamageDetector).
Quality of life and the associated factors among family caregivers of older people with dementia in Thailand
Authors: Pothiban Linchong , Srirat Chomphoonut , Wongpakaran Nahathai , Pankong Orawan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLong‐term care for older people with dementia can adversely impact a family caregiver's life. A decrease in their quality of life may compromise the quality of care they provide to older people and their own quality of life. The samples include 76 family caregivers of older people with dementia in Thailand. Six questionnaires and the EuroQoL Five Dimensions Questionnaire were used in data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in data analysis. The findings revealed that quality of life of family caregivers was at a high level. Experiences of close relationships between care dyads and perceived social support were positively related to family caregiver's quality of life, whereas perceived stress and burden were negatively related. Perceived social support and experiences of close relationships might be predictors of family caregiver's quality of life. High quality of life levels among Thai family caregivers of older people with dementia were influenced by high perceived social support and high experiences of close relationships. An intervention focusing on modifying such predicting factors may effectively help maintain quality of life of these family caregivers.
Hypercontractile esophagus resolved after radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: About a case
Authors: Anon Benjamin , Aubourg Alexandre , Moussata Driffa , Babuty Dominique , Picon Laurence 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe pathophysiology of jackhammer esophagus is complex and remains unclear. Radiofrequency catheter ablation is indicated for highly symptomatic and drug‐refractory atrial fibrillation. This technique can induce esophageal and nerve lesions, due to thermal injury. In this report, we describe a case of hypercontractile esophagus diagnosed by HRM (high‐resolution manometry). Esophageal symptoms and HRM normalized immediately after RFCA, and we discuss the pathophysiology of hypercontractile esophagus.
A highly selective and sensitive fluorescence probe for a specific binding site on insect ryanodine receptors
Authors: Liao Min , Li Qibo , Yang Zhikun , Feng Tong , Xu Zhiyuan , Liu Qing , Liu Shangzhong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThere is a significant need to study the binding of active compounds to the specific sites on insect ryanodine receptors (RyRs) that are the targets of two novel classes of diamide insecticides to which insects are becoming increasingly resistant. Here, we describe a rapid assay to study the action of potential compounds on the flubendiamide (Flu) binding site of insect RyRs that uses a fluorescence polarization assay with the fluorescence probe Flu‐R‐L that we synthesized. The IC50 of Flu for inhibiting probe binding on insect RyR was 18.82 ng/mL. The binding of 86 novel phthalic diamide derivatives on insect RyRs was studied using this newly established assay, and the compounds that exhibited high‐affinity binding in the assay also possessed in vivo insecticidal activity against Plutella xylostella. Thus, Flu‐R‐L is a highly selective and sensitive fluorescence probe for studying the binding affinity of novel compounds to the Flu binding site of insect RyRs. The assay based on Flu‐R‐L is a rapid, accurate, and sensitive method for the screening of potentially bioactive molecules that bind specifically to insect RyRs.
Varieties of liberalism: A comparative analysis of family policy and poverty outcomes across the 50 United States
Authors: Daiger von Gleichen Rosa , Parolin Zachary 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe United States is generally recognised as an exemplar of liberal policy regime types. However, given evidence of state‐level divergence in social policy, this article investigates to what extent such variation is present and relevant in state‐level family policy. To this end, we pose a primary and secondary research question. Our primary question is whether varieties of liberalism exist across the 50 states in the United States. Our secondary question is whether these varieties of liberalism correspond to variety in social indicators of families' economic well‐being. To answer our primary question, we first construct a family policy index that scores the relative generosity and coverage of state‐administered social programmes that contribute to the (de)commodification and (de)familialisation of households with children. We then perform a cluster analysis to group states by shared decommodifying and defamilialising features. To answer our secondary question, we investigate how our family‐policy clusters are associated with social indicators of families' financial security. Our findings suggest that varieties of liberalism do, indeed, exist within the United States. With the exception of Vermont, which stands out with respect to its comparatively generous family policies, we classify states into two groups: those with ‘soft’ liberal family policy in states featuring relatively generous and accessible policies and ‘hard’ liberal family policy in states achieving little of either. We find that these differences help explain state‐level heterogeneity in levels of economic security among households with children, particularly single‐mother households.
Third time’s a charm? Mobilization of autologous peripheral blood stem cells in patients with two previous failed mobilizations with plerixafor
Authors: Zhuang Lefan , Boriboonnangkul Pudpong , Wang Shirong , Yuan Shan 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUNDPatients who respond inadequately to plerixafor salvage during autologous peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection are frequently remobilized with plerixafor to collect additional stem cells. However, in patients who fail remobilization, it is unclear whether additional mobilization efforts with plerixafor are useful.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe retrospectively examined the PBSC collections of 15 consecutive patients with lymphoma and multiple myeloma who underwent three mobilizations with plerixafor.RESULTSOf the 821 patients who underwent autologous stem cell collections, 15 patients were mobilized three times with plerixafor (1.8%), which enabled 11 (73.3%) patients to reach 2.0 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg or greater. Among patients who eventually collected successfully the median yields from the three collection attempts were 0.46, 0.76, and 1.54 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg, respectively. Among those who collected less than 2.0 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg cumulatively, the median yields were 0.14, 0.33, and 0.22 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg from the three collection attempts. The combined collection yields from the first two mobilization attempts were significantly lower (p = 0.003; range, 0.09‐0.73 vs. 0.63‐1.84; median, 0.51 vs. 1.36) in those who failed collection.CONCLUSIONSThe majority (73.3%) of patients who underwent three mobilization attempts were eventually able to collect enough cells to permit autologous transplantation. Extremely low peripheral blood CD34+ count after the first dose of plerixafor and collection yields during the first two attempts were associated with a poor collection yield on the third attempt. The risks and benefits of a third mobilization should be weighed to facilitate judicious use of resources.