bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay of serum taurine, S-adenosylmethionine, and cysteine levels in cancer risk: a prospective study
Authors: Liu Chenan , Liu Tong , Wei Yaping , Shi Jinyu , Deng Li , Song Mengmeng , Shi Hanping 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAmino acids are known to play critical roles in cancer metabolism and progression. Among them, taurine, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), and cysteine have garnered particular attention due to their interconnected metabolic pathways. This study sought to explore the associations between serum levels of these amino acids and cancer risk within Chinese adults.MethodsA nested case-control study was conducted within the China H-Type Hypertension Registry Study cohort, comprising 1,391 cancer cases and 1,391 matched controls. Serum concentrations of taurine, SAM, and cysteine were quantified, and their associations with cancer risk were evaluated using conditional logistic regression and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) models.ResultsA total of 1,391 pairs of participants were included in this study. Their average age was 69.3 years ± 7.77 years, and 56% were male. Higher serum taurine levels were associated with a reduced risk of overall cancer. In contrast, elevated serum SAM levels were linked to an increased risk of digestive cancers. The BKMR model identified complex interactions among these amino acids and showed a significant overall negative association between the combined effect of taurine, SAM, and cysteine and cancer risk.ConclusionSerum taurine levels may offer protective benefits against cancer, particularly for digestive cancers, while its metabolites do not have such significant benefits. The intricate interactions among taurine, SAM, and cysteine underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to understanding their roles in the metabolic processes that drive tumorigenesis.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=28262, identifier ChiCTR1800017274.
Insecticide resistance in the field populations of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus in Beijing: resistance status and associated detoxification genes
Authors: Zhou Xiaojie , Li Jing , Ni Ruoyao , Qiu Xinghui , Zhang Yong , Tong Ying 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) is an invasive and widespread mosquito species that can transmit dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. Its control heavily relies on the use of insecticides. However, the efficacy of the insecticide-based intervention is threatened by the increasing development of resistance to available insecticides. Understanding the current status and potential mechanisms of insecticide resistance is an important prerequisite for devising strategies to maintain the sustainability of vector control programs. In this study, we investigated the current status and probable candidate detoxification genes associated with insecticide resistance in the Asian tiger mosquito in Beijing, the capital city of China.MethodsBioassays were conducted on three field populations of Ae. albopictus collected from urban communities in Beijing by exposure to diagnostic doses of permethrin, deltamethrin, malathion, and propoxur. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with insecticide resistance were screened by transcriptomic analysis using Illumina RNA sequencing data (RNA-seq) from 12 independent RNA libraries constructed from female strains of the three field populations and one susceptible strain.ResultsThe bioassay results indicated that all the three field populations were resistant to propoxur (carbamate), deltamethrin, and permethrin (pyrethroids), but susceptible to malathion (organophosphate). Eighteen (18) cytochrome P450s (P450s), five (5) glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), four (4) carboxy/cholinesterases (CCEs), eight (8) UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), and three (3) ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs) were found to be significantly overexpressed in the three field populations relative to the susceptible strain via transcriptomic analysis.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the Ae. albopictus field populations in Beijing exhibit multiple phenotypic resistance to commonly used pyrethroids and carbamate. The identification of a number of DEGs associated with insecticide resistance indicates that the mechanisms underlying resistance in field populations are complicated, and detoxifying enzymes may play important roles. The multiple resistance status detected in the three field populations suggests that resistance management strategies such as insecticide rotation and non-chemical-based measures should be implemented in order to sustain effective control of the disease vector and vector-borne diseases.
Transformers deep learning models for missing data imputation: an application of the ReMasker model on a psychometric scale
Authors: Casella Monica , Milano Nicola , Dolce Pasquale , Marocco Davide 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionMissing data in psychometric research presents a substantial challenge, impacting the reliability and validity of study outcomes. Various factors contribute to this issue, including participant non-response, dropout, or technical errors during data collection. Traditional methods like mean imputation or regression, commonly used to handle missing data, rely upon assumptions that may not hold on psychological data and can lead to distorted results.MethodsThis study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of transformer-based deep learning for missing data imputation, comparing ReMasker, a masking autoencoding transformer model, with conventional imputation techniques (mean and median imputation, Expectation–Maximization algorithm) and machine learning approaches (K-nearest neighbors, MissForest, and an Artificial Neural Network). A psychometric dataset from the COVID distress repository was used, with imputation performance assessed through the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) between the original and imputed data matrices.ResultsResults indicate that machine learning techniques, particularly ReMasker, achieve superior performance in terms of reconstruction error compared to conventional imputation techniques across all tested scenarios.DiscussionThis finding underscores the potential of transformer-based models to provide robust imputation in psychometric research, enhancing data integrity and generalizability.
Disordered eating behaviors and associated factors among secondary school adolescents in Harar town, eastern Ethiopia: cross-sectional study
Authors: Tekola Abainash , Regassa Lemma Demissie , Berhanu Hiwot , Mandefro Miheret , Shawel Samrawit , Kassa Obsan , Roba Kedir Teji 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundAdolescent eating disorders impair physical and mental development and are associated with poor health outcomes in adulthood. However, there is little research on disordered eating in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. As a result, the purpose of this study is to examine disordered eating behaviors and associated factors in secondary school adolescents in the study area.MethodsA school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1104 secondary school adolescents in Harar town from June 30 to July 15, 2022. Multistage cluster sampling was used, and data was collected using self-administered questionnaires. The eating attitude test-26 was used to assess disordered eating behaviors, and scores of 20 and above were considered to have disordered eating behaviors. A binary logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with disordered eating behaviors and the statistical significance level was set at a p-value of 0.05.ResultIn this study, 28.37% [95% CI (25.73%, 31.16%)] of the adolescents had disordered eating behaviors. Being female [AOR = 1.81, 95% CI (1.29, 2.53)], being from a mother, attending technical school [AOR = 3.61, 95% CI: (1.85, 7.04)], and having a higher-educated father [AOR = 1.55, 95% CI: (1.02, 2.36)] were significantly associated with disordered eating behaviors. Furthermore, desire to lose weight [AOR = 2.09, 95% CI (1.49, 2.93)], smoking [AOR = 3.64, 95% CI (2.24, 5.91)], emotional problems [AOR = 1.7, 95% CI (1.14, 2.55)], and body image dissatisfaction [AOR = 0.96, 95% CI (0.94, 0.97)] were associated with disordered eating.ConclusionIn Harar, almost three out of ten secondary school adolescents had disordered eating behaviors. Personal, behavioral, and socio-demographic factors were associated with disordered eating. Since the prevalence of disordered eating is significant at the study site, all relevant stakeholders should have to develop appropriate interventions that target modifiable factors to reduce the burden.
Association between CLOCK gene polymorphisms with circadian rhythm, chrononutrition, dietary intake, and metabolic parameters in adolescents
Authors: Özata Uyar Gizem , Yıldıran Hilal , Teker-Düztaş Demet , Dalgic Buket , Karakaş Nazmi Mutlu , Çamurdan Mahmut Orhun , Ergin Filiz Başak , Ezgü Fatih Suheyl 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionCircadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) is one of the transcription factors from the positive end of the molecular clock and regulates biological rhythm in mammals. Studies have shown that genetic variations in the CLOCK genes are associated with chronotype, sleep patterns, obesity, dietary energy, and nutrient consumption. Although interest in the field of chrononutrition continues to increase, investigations into the temporal aspects of dietary habits in adolescents are notably limited. This study aims to investigate the relationship between CLOCK rs3749474, rs4580704, and rs1801260 polymorphisms and circadian rhythm, metabolic parameters along with chrononutrition in adolescents.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study included a total of 300 adolescents between the ages of 11 and 18. Anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, chrononutrition, circadian as well as biochemical and lifestyle data were collected. CLOCK rs3749474, rs4580704, and rs1801260 gene polymorphisms were analyzed.ResultsThe CLOCK rs3749474 minor T allele carriers showed a statistically significant increased risk of being overweight or obese (OR: 2.106, p = 0.003). The minor G allele carriers of the CLOCK rs4580704 indicated statistically increased dietary energy intake and eating jetlag (p &lt; 0.05). The frequency of snacking after the last meal was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI) z-scores in minor allele carriers of the CLOCK rs3749474 (β = 0.134, p = 0.003) and rs4580704 (β = 0.142, p = 0.012) variants. The minor G allele carriers of CLOCK rs4580704 revealed a negative link between breakfast frequency along with BMI z-scores (β = −0.178, p = 0.009). Individuals with the rs1801260 minor G allele showed a positive link between BMI z score and meal frequency (β = 0.367, p = 0.049). In CLOCK gene variants, minor allele carriers in addition to non-carriers had similar biochemical parameters and distribution of dietary intake at meal (p&gt; 0.05).ConclusionThese results suggest that the impact of some chrononutrition behaviors on BMI z-scores are partially modulated by the variability in the CLOCK gene variants. Chrononutrition may be important in the shift toward “personalized nutrition” based on gene-diet interactions. For this reason, new dietary approaches may be implemented, including the circadian distribution of macronutrients and chrononutrition behaviors according to genotype. However, studies with larger samples in different populations are needed.
The mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between health literacy, health status and psychological well-being among German trainees and students in nursing
Authors: Otto Ramona , Jürgensen Ivonne-Nadine , Nienhaus Albert , Koch Peter 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionHealth literacy is considered a determinant of several health-related behaviors and outcomes. Health literacy can be seen as a particularly relevant resource for health maintenance and promotion for young adults at the beginning of their challenging vocational training in nursing. However, the underlying mechanisms and the roles of other influencing factors such as self-efficacy remain unclear and need to be understood to successfully tailor interventions.MethodsThis cross-sectional study aims to examine the relationships between health literacy, self-efficacy, health behavior and health status among 556 German trainees and students in nursing. Data were collected using paper-pencil and online questionnaires between January and June 2021. Mediation models were assessed, consisting of the direct pathways between health literacy and health status; health literacy and health behavior; and indirect pathways via self-efficacy.ResultsThe findings showed that health literacy positively affected self-rated health status (ß = 0.05, t = 4.35, p &lt; 0.001) and psychological well-being (ß = 0.28, t = 3.34, p &lt; 0.001). The effect of health literacy on psychological well-being was fully mediated through self-efficacy (Z = 265 4.91, p &lt; 0.001) while the effect of health literacy on self-rated health status was partially mediated through self-efficacy (Z = 5.06, p &lt; 0.001). In this cohort, there was no significant association between either health literacy or self-efficacy and health behavior.ConclusionSelf-efficacy should be taken into account when investigating health literacy and its possible relationships with health-related outcomes. Furthermore, it should be considered as an objective for health literacy interventions as well as health promotion measures for nursing students and trainees.
HPV genotypes in invasive cervical cancer: prevalence, risk attribution, and optimized vaccine strategies in western China
Authors: Kou Yuling , Tang Xiao , Liang Dongni , Xie Chuan , Zeng Jing , Chen Meng , Fu Wenjing , Li Zhonghua , He Qingfeng , Liu Tianming , Wang Mei , Wang Wei , Wang Cheng 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundUnderstanding the HPV genotype distribution in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is essential for vaccine optimization. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of HPV genotypes in ICC tissues from patients in western China, with the aim of informing regional vaccine policy and prevention strategies.MethodsDNA was extracted from 1,908 paraffin-embedded ICC samples, and 23 HPV genotypes were detected via PCR and reverse dot hybridization gene chip assays. The genotypic distribution of HPV infections was analyzed, the attribution of each HPV genotype found in multiple infection cases was calculated using the fractional contribution approximation. Furthermore, the cumulative attribution rates of HPV genotypes included in each vaccine combination were totaled to estimate the potential vaccination coverage of ICC across various histologic types and age groups.ResultsThe overall prevalence of HPV infection was 94.9% (95% CI 93.8–95.8) among 1,908 women with ICC. HPV genotypes 16 and 18 were detected in 1645 of 1810 HPV-positive patients (90.9, 95% CI 89.5–92.1) of ICC. HPV16, 18, 33, 52, and 58 were detected in 1,749 patients (96.6, 95% CI 95.7–97.4), the five most common genotypes in different age groups. HPV genotypes contained in the 9-valent vaccine were detected in 1776 patients (98.1, 95% CI 97.4–98.7). By weighted imputation analysis, the cumulative attribution rates of the bivalent vaccine was 83.4%, and that of the nine-valent vaccine was 89.8%. Optimization group A included the five genotypes with the highest prevalence, HPV16, 18, 33, 52, and 58, with a cumulative attribution rates of 88.5%, and optimization group B included the nine most common HPV genotypes, HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 45, 52, 58, and 59, with a cumulative attribution rates of 90.5%.ConclusionOur comprehensive postsurgical analysis of HPV in ICC patients in western China revealed that the incorporation of the bivalent vaccine into the national program is cost-effective, with group A optimization closely matching the vaccination coverage of the 9-valent vaccine, which can be used to guide future prevention strategies.
Cognitive appraisals linking dispositional mindfulness to athletes' emotions: a multi-states theory approach
Authors: Robazza Claudio , Vitali Francesca , Bortoli Laura , Ruiz Montse C. 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThe aim of the study was to examine the relationship between dispositional mindfulness, cognitive appraisals, emotions, and psychobiosocial experiences in athletes within the framework of multi-states (MuSt) theory.MethodA convenience sample of 334 Italian athletes (188 men and 146 women), aged 18–48 years (M = 24.77, SD = 7.26) and involved in individual or team sports, were recruited for the study. Athletes were assessed individually or in small groups before regular practice sessions.ResultsPath analysis showed positive indirect effects via challenge appraisal from mindful awareness and refocusing to excitement, happiness, and psychobiosocial experiences, and negative indirect effects to anxiety and dejection. Positive indirect effects were observed via threat appraisal from mindful awareness and refocusing to happiness and psychobiosocial experiences, and negative indirect effects to anxiety, dejection, and anger.ConclusionsThe results highlight the impact of mindful awareness, refocusing, and cognitive appraisals on athletes' emotional and psychobiosocial experiences. Overall findings support MuSt theoretical foundation and suggest that mindfulness may help athletes view challenges as opportunities to express their potential by triggering pleasant emotions and functional psychobiosocial experiences. From an applied perspective, the findings support the use of mindfulness practice in the development of programs to promote athletes' challenge appraisals, pleasant and functional emotional experiences, which may enhance their performance.
The evolution of precision agriculture and food safety: a bibliometric study
Authors: Xu Jiahui , Cui Yuanpei , Zhang Shuhan , Zhang Meiping 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionFood safety issues pose a significant threat to humanity. Precision agriculture leverages advanced technologies for real-time monitoring and management, improving agricultural productivity and sustainability while safeguarding food security. Nonetheless, acquiring a thorough comprehension of this continually shifting panorama remains of vital significance.MethodsThis study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric review of precision agriculture and food safety, utilizing quantitative methods to identify past, current, and future evolution. It includes citation, co-authorship, co-citation, and co-words analyses.ResultsPublications emerged in 1994 and began to rise significantly since 2019. Citation analysis verified influencing works and journals, whereas co-authorship analysis identified how authors, institutions, and countries collaborate in this field. Co-citation analysis then classified past and current hotspots into four clusters: remote vegetation monitoring techniques, technological innovations and agricultural decision-making, precision agriculture and sustainable development, and deep learning in agriculture. After that, the co-occurrence of keywords revealed emerging trends, such as precision cultivation and yield prediction, smart agricultural technology and food management, precision information for climate change adaptation, and precision agriculture and food security.DiscussionThe findings provide insights for scholars, policymakers, researchers, practitioners, and industry stakeholders. They guide future research directions and address pressing challenges in agriculture and food safety.
Optimization and test of the heating parts of gas-fired tea fixation and shaping machine
Authors: Wu Qilong , Yu Lei , Cao Chengmao , Qin Kuan , Jing Yi , Dai Yuhao , Guo Xinliang , Fan Lili , Zhang Junhao , Fan Chaoyue , Bi Haijun 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe uneven heating of the U-shaped multi-groove pot in gas-fired tea fixation and shaping machines results in inconsistent quality of tea leaves.MethodsA three-dimensional model of the gas-fired tea fixation and shaping machine was established by using SOLIDWORKS software. With the use of ANSYS finite element software, the orthogonal experiment method was applied to analyze and optimize the design of the spacing arrangement, the shape of the heating parts, and the heat conduction temperature field.ResultsResults show that the optimized heating parts significantly reduce the temperature difference on the surface of the U-shaped multi-groove pot, and the surface temperature field of the multi-groove pot is more uniform, which greatly improves the efficiency and quality of fresh tea leaf fixation and shaping. Prototype temperature and tea sample fixation ratio tests verified that the optimized heating components significantly improved the temperature uniformity of the U-shaped multi-groove pot and the quality of the finished tea.DiscussionThe research findings provide insights for further improving the uniformity of the U-shaped multi-groove pot’s temperature in the tea fixation and shaping machine.
Effects of Isalo scorpion cytotoxic peptide on growth, immune performance, and intestinal flora of yellow-feathered broilers
Authors: Wang Zhengli , Zhu Jianjun , Ma Yan , Liu Tingting , Chen Shuaihu , Gao Mingyang , Wang Sijia , Wang Jungang , Shen Hong 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThis study aimed to investigate the effects of Isalo scorpion cytotoxic peptide (IsCT) on the growth performance, immune function, and gut microbiota of yellow-feathered broilers.MethodsThe experiment involved supplementing a corn-soybean meal-based diet with various dietary levels of IsCT. The experiment adopted a completely randomized design. A total of 240 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into six groups: a control group (CON), a chlortetracycline group (CTC), and four groups receiving a basal diet with 50, 100, 150, or 200 mg/ kg IsCT (IsCT50, IsCT100, IsCT150, and IsCT200). The trial period lasted 60 days.ResultsThe results showed that the average final body weight and average daily weight gain of the IsCT150 and IsCT200 groups were significantly higher than those of the CON group (p &lt; 0.05). Compared to the CTC group, the average daily feed intake in group III was significantly lower (p &lt; 0.05). The feed conversion ratios of the IsCT150 and IsCT200 groups were significantly lower than those of the IsCT50 and CON groups (p &lt; 0.05). Albumin levels in the CTC and IsCT150 groups were significantly higher than those in the CON, IsCT100, and IsCT50 groups. Alanine transaminase levels in the IsCT150 group were significantly lower than those in the IsCT50, IsCT200, CON, and CTC groups (p &lt; 0.05), but there was no significant difference compared with the IsCT100 group (p &lt; 0.05). IgA levels in the IsCT150, IsCT200, and CTC groups were significantly higher than those in the IsCT50 group (p &lt; 0.05). IgG levels in the CTC, IsCT100, IsCT150, and IsCT200 groups were significantly higher than those in the IsCT50 and CON groups (p &lt; 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing indicated significant differences in the caecal microbiota between the IsCT and CON groups (p &lt; 0.05). The abundance of Bacteroidetes increased, whereas that of Firmicutes decreased in the IsCT groups; however, the difference was not significant (p &lt; 0.05). The relative abundances of Actinobacteriota and Patescibacteria were significantly different in the IsCT100 group (p &lt; 0.05).DiscussionIn conclusion, supplementing the basal diet with IsCT improved growth performance, immune function, and gut microbiota of yellow-feathered broilers at an optimal supplementation level of 150 mg/kg.