bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways in dermatomyositis using integrated bioinformatics method
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhao Wen-Jia , Wu Yuan-Hao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Dermatomyositis is a common connective tissue disease. The occurrence and development of dermatomyositis is a result of multiple factors, but its exact pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Here, we used biological information method to explore and predict the major disease related genes of dermatomyositis and to find the underlying pathogenic molecular mechanism.
The gene expression data of GDS1956, GDS2153, GDS2855, and GDS3417 including 94 specimens, 66 cases of dermatomyositis specimens and 28 cases of normal specimens, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The 4 microarray gene data groups were combined to get differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichments of DEGs were operated by the database for annotation, visualization and integrated discovery and KEGG orthology based annotation system databases, separately. The protein–protein interaction networks of the DEGs were built from the STRING website. A total of 4097 DEGs were extracted from the 4 Gene Expression Omnibus datasets, of which 2213 genes were upregulated, and 1884 genes were downregulated. Gene ontology analysis indicated that the biological functions of DEGs focused primarily on response to virus, type I interferon signaling pathway and negative regulation of viral genome replication. The main cellular components include extracellular space, cytoplasm, and blood microparticle. The molecular functions include protein binding, double-stranded RNA binding and MHC class I protein binding. KEGG pathway analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly involved in the toll-like receptor signaling pathway, cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, complement and coagulation cascades, arginine and proline metabolism, phagosome signaling pathway. The following 13 closely related genes, XAF1, NT5E, UGCG, GBP2, TLR3, DDX58, STAT1, GBP1, PLSCR1, OAS3, SP100, IGK, and RSAD2, were key nodes from the protein–protein interaction network.
This research suggests that exploring for DEGs and pathways in dermatomyositis using integrated bioinformatics methods could help us realize the molecular mechanism underlying the development of dermatomyositis, be of actual implication for the early detection and prophylaxis of dermatomyositis and afford reliable goals for the curing of dermatomyositis.
Persistent SARS-COV-2 RNA positivity in a patient for 92 days after disease onset
Authors: Wang Junxue , Hang Xiaofeng , Wei Bo , Li Dingchen , Chen Fangyan , Liu Wei , Yang Chaojie , Miao Xiaohui , Han Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Recently, patients with COVID-19 who showed persistently positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test results despite resolved clinical symptoms have attracted a lot of attention. We report the case of a patient with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), who achieved clinical recovery but showed persistently positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test results until Day 92 after disease onset.

Patient concerns:
The patient is a 50-year-old man with mild symptoms of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).

Diagnoses:
COVID-19 pneumonia.

Interventions:
The patient was quarantined for 105 days. Of these, inpatient quarantine lasted for 75 days. When the nucleic acid test results were negative for 3 consecutive days, the patient was discharged at Day 75 after disease onset. During this period, multiple samples were collected from the patient's body surface, the surrounding environment, and physical surfaces, but none of these tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. These samples included those from anal swabs, hands, inner surface of mask, cell phone, bed rails, floor around the bed, and toilet bowl surface. However, nucleic acid retest results on Day 80 and Day 92 after disease onset were positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids.

Outcomes:
The patient continued with quarantine and observation at home. After the test results on Days 101 and 105 after disease onset were negative, quarantine was terminated at last.

Lessons:
Per our knowledge, this is the longest known time that a patient has tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids. No symptoms were observed during follow-up. During hospitalization, the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positivity was not observed in samples from the body surface and surrounding environment, and no verified transmission event occurred during the quarantine at home. After undergoing clinical recovery a minority of patients with COVID-19 have shown long-term positive results for the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid. This has provided new understanding and research directions for coronavirus infection. Long-term follow-up and quarantine measures have been employed for such patients. Further studies are required to analyze potential infectivity in such patients and determine whether more effective antiviral drugs or regimens to enable these patients to completely clear viral infection should be researched.
Development of early warning and rapid response system for patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)
Authors: Zhou Hua , Huang Huibin , Xie Xiaolei , Gao Jiandong , Wu Ji , Zhu Yan , He Wei , Liu Jingyuan , Li Ang , Xu Yuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused serious damage to public health. COVID-19 has no vaccine or specific therapy; its mortality rate increases significantly once patients deteriorate. Furthermore, intensive monitoring of COVID-19 is limited by insufficient medical resources and increased risks of exposure to medical staff. We therefore aim to build an early warning and rapid response system (EWRRS) to address these problems.

Method:
The research is designed as a prospective cohort study, to verify a dynamic and interactive evaluation system; it includes patient self-reporting, active monitoring, early alarming and treatment recommendations. Adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19 will be recruited from Sept 2020 to Aug 2021 at a tertiary contagious hospital. Patients with life expectancy <48 hours, pregnant or lactating, in immunosuppression states or end-stage diseases will be excluded. The intervention is implementation of EWRRS to detect early signs of clinical deterioration of COVID-19 patients, to provide timely and efficient treatment suggestions by the system. EWRRS can determine the classification and interactive evaluation of patient information; the determination is based on the application of 3 different scenario modules, separately driven by patients, nurses, and physicians. The primary outcome is change in disease severity category after treatment. Secondary outcomes include the proportion of patients with different disease severity types; critical deterioration events; patients who had unplanned transfers to an intensive care unit (ICU) and required critical care interventions; intervals from warning to implementation of clinical interventions; hospital mortality; length of ICU and hospital stay; workload of medical staff and risks of exposure to COVID-19.

Discussion:
Our hypothesis is that EWRRS provides an example of an early identification, warning, and response system for COVID-19. In addition, EWRRS can potentially be extended to use as a grading metric for general critically ill patients in an ICU setting.
Chinese herbal medicine Yanghe decoction for knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Xu Xiaosheng , Wan Yi , Gong Liangjin , Ma Zeren , Xu Tao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been widely used to treat knee osteoarthritis (KOA), among which Yanghe decoction (YHD) is one of the commonly used prescriptions. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of YHD in the treatment of KOA.

Methods:
Six databases, including Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database and Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database will be searched from their inception to July 2020. Two researchers will independently select studies, collect data and evaluate the quality of included studies. Statistical analysis will be processed by RevMan V.5.3 software.

Results:
This study will provide an assessment of the current state of YHD in the treatment of KOA, aiming to show the efficacy and safety of YHD.

Conclusion:
This study will provide evidence to judge whether YHD is an effective intervention for KOA.
The feasibility of Chinese massage as an auxiliary way of replacing or reducing drugs in the clinical treatment of adult type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Cao Di , Yan Minhui , Liu Mingjun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
At present, metformin is mainly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). When the therapeutic effect is achieved, there are side effects and secondary failure will occur if taken for a long time. It is of great significance to actively explore the clinical scheme of reducing drug use while ensuring the therapeutic effect of T2DM.

Objective:
To evaluate the feasibility of Chinese massage (CM) in the treatment of T2DM.

Methods:
Literature retrieval is divided into 2 aspects: Electronic Retrieval and Personal Check. We will search PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, Cochrane Central, which were registered in international clinical trials registry platform systems, select all eligible studies published before November 2, 2019, and use Personal Check method to retrieve papers, conference papers, ongoing experiments, internal reports, and so on. With fasting blood glucose, 2-hour fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and insulin index as the main observation indexes, we also pay attention to traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score scale, insulin resisting index, body mass index , serum total cholesterol, Curative effect and the occurrence of all adverse reactions in drug treatment.
Of the research group 2 researchers respective selected literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias. After that we used Revman 5.7 and Stata 12.1 statistical software for meta-analysis.

Results:
A total of 769 subjects were included in 10 studies for meta-analysis. Compared with metformin hydrochloride tablets, CM plus baseline treatment can reduce fasting plasma glucose (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.54, −0.13], Z = 3.15, P = .002), 2 hours postprandial blood glucose (WMD = −0.52, 95% CI [−0.70, −0.34), Z = 5.66, P < .00001], hemoglobin A1c (WMD = 0.12, 95% CI [0.04, 0.20], Z = 2.94, P = .003), fasting insulin (WMD = −3.59, 95% CI [−5.56, −1.42], Z = 10.29,

P < .00001), traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score scale (WMD = −4.55, 95% CI [−7.58, −1.51], Z = 2.94, P = .003),
homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (WMD = −1.76, 95% CI [−2.25, −1.27), Z = 7.08, P < .00001),
body mass index (WMD = −1.28, 95% CI [−1.65, −0.92], Z = 6.91, P < .00001), serum total cholesterol (WMD = −1.01, 95% CI [−1.14, −0.83], Z = 15.51, P < .00001), meanwhile, the effective rate was increased (risk ratio [RR] = 1.31, 95% CI [1.21, 1.42], Z = 6.57, P < .00001).

Conclusion:
CM combined with metformin hydrochloride tablet has a synergistic effect. It can not only be used as an auxiliary treatment of T2DM, but also as an important reference way of reducing drug treatment of T2DM, improving Clinical Efficacy and reducing adverse reactions.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42020158839
Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis of Chinese dermatomyositis patients with malignancies
Authors: Shao Chi , Li Shan , Sun Yuxin , Zhang Ying , Xu Kai , Zhang Xin , Huang Hui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Although a strong association between idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) and malignancy has been widely reported, few studies have solely focused on the concurrence of dermatomyositis (DM) and malignancies (DM-malignancy).
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 37 DM-malignancy cases among 363 DM patients admitted to our hospital between January 2012 and December 2017.
(1) The mean age at DM diagnosis was higher for DM-malignancy patients than for DM-non-malignancy patients [(54.76 ± 9.77) years vs (48.57 ± 12.82) years, t = 2.84, P = .005]. (2) Gynecological malignancies (35.90%/14 cases) were the most common malignancies. Malignancies were diagnosed before DM for 7 DM-malignancy patients. The interval between the DM and malignancy diagnoses for the remaining 32 DM-malignancy patients was less than 6 months for 18 patients (46.15%), less than 1 years for 23 patients (58.9%), and less than 2 years for 29 patients (74.26%). (3) There was no significant difference either in antinuclear antibody or anti-Ro-52 positivity between the 2 groups (P > .05). (4) Multivariate analysis demonstrated that DM onset age ≥50 years and concurrence with ILD increased the risk of death for DM patients [hazard ratio (HR): 1.62 and 2.72; 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.08–2.43) and (1.47–5.02); P = .02 and 0.001, respectively], and male gender decreased the risk of death [HR 0.66, 95% CI (0.44–0.98), P = .04]. DM-malignancy patients were older than DM-non-malignancy patients. Gynecological malignancies were the most common malignancies among these patients. A DM onset age ≥50 years, female sex and the presence of ILD were independent risk factors for death.
Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine on blood glucose fluctuations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Leng Yulin , Zhou Xiujuan , Xie Ziyan , Hu Zhipeng , Gao Hong , Liu Xiaoke , Xie Hongyan , Fu Xiaoxu , Xie Chunguang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
As one of the major chronic diseases that seriously threaten human health, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a global public health problem. Blood glucose fluctuation is a risk factor independent of hyperglycemia. At present, the measures to treat blood glucose fluctuations in patients with T2DM are insufficient in effectiveness and safety. Medical practice and clinical studies have proved that Chinese herbal medicine has obvious advantages in reducing blood glucose fluctuations. In this systematic review, we will assess the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of blood glucose fluctuations in patients with T2DM.

Methods:
We will search related literature of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang Database, and will manually search grey documents such as literature such as conference articles and references articles. Eligible randomized controlled trials will be screened based on inclusion criteria, and data extraction, risk of bias assessment, publication bias assessment, subgroup analysis, and quality assessment will be performed. Review Manager version 5.3 software and stata version 13 software will be used for data analysis. Each process is independently conducted by 2 researchers, and if there is any objection, it will be submitted to the third researcher for resolution.

Results:
This study will provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of blood glucose fluctuations in patients with T2DM. Outcome measures include mean amplitude of glycemic excursions, 24 hours mean blood glucose, standard deviations of blood glucose, mean of daily differences, coefficient of variation, glucose time in range, fasting blood glucose, 2 hours postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, quality of life questionnaire, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score, and adverse event.
Tripterygium and its plant extraction for systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Chen Fangying , Liu Junting , Zhao Zhimin , Li Ziping , Wu Kuanyu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a diffuse connetive tissue disease, which is difficult to be conquered. However, the traditional Chinese medicine is significant in the treatment. And the Chinese medicine tripterygium and its plant extraction can help us to overcome this disease, to some extent.

Methods:
The deadline should be from inception to February 2020 by computer from the databases: the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science in English and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Chinese Science, Chinese Traditional Medicine Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database in Chinese. Included criteria are randomized controlled trials. The primary outcomes are the clinical symptoms, systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index and quality of life questionnaire (the top 10 frequency). We will use RevMan 5.0 statistical software for data synthesis, sensitivity analysis, meta regression, subgroup analysis, and risk of bias assessment. The publish bias will be assessed by a funnel plot and the funnel plot symmetries will be evaluated by Begg and Egger tests. We will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system to assess the quality of evidence.

Results:
This article will give a protocol for meta analysis which can make sure the efficacy and side effect of the tripterygium and its plant extraction for SLE.

Conclusion:
The efficacy and side effect of the tripterygium and its plant extraction for SLE will be evaluated.

Ethics and dissemination:
Without personal information involved, ethical approval and informed consent form is no need. The review will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal prospectively to spread our findings.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020176444
Intensive care unit acquired weakness
Authors: Li Zheng , Cai Yitong , Zhang Qian , Zhang Peng , Sun Ruixiang , Jiang Haijiao , Wan JingJing , Wu Fang , Wang Xiaoye , Tao Xiubin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) is an acquired neuromuscular lesion and a common occurrence in patients who are critically ill. There are already systematic reviews on ICU-AW. Therefore, we provide a protocol for an overview of systematic reviews to improve the effectiveness of the construction of an evidence-based practice for prevention of ICU-AW.

Methods:
We will search the PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for the relevant systematic review or meta-analyses about ICU-AW. Study selection, data extraction, and the quality assessment of the included studies will be performed independently by 2 reviewers. And the methodological quality, report quality and evidence quality will be evaluated by Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews-2 tool, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses Statement checklist and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system, respectively.

Results:
This overview of systematic reviews and meta-analysis will collect the evidence published about the ICU-AW.

Conclusion:
We hope that our research will contribute to clinicians and public decision making about the ICU-AW.

Registration number:
INPLASY202070067
Clinical outcome of different skin closure in total-knee arthroplasty: running subcuticular closure vs intermittent closure
Authors: Chen Liang , Yang Junxiao , Xie Jie , Hu Yihe , Zeng Min 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An intermittent closure with silk suture is routinely used for closing different surgical wounds. However, subcuticular closure with absorbable sutures has gained considerable attention due to convenience and better cosmetic appearance.
To compare the clinical outcomes and risk of surgical-site infection of subcuticular and intermittent closure after total-knee arthroplasty (TKA), 106 patients that underwent TKA between January 2017 to June 2019 at the Department of Orthopedics in Xiangya Hospital of Centre South University were retrospectively assessed. Forty-three had received running subcuticular closure (group A) and 58 underwent intermittent closure (group B). The Knee Society score was measured before and 6 months after operation. Inflammation markers including the serum levels of procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate were evaluated before operation, 1 day after and 1 month after operation. Patient satisfaction with the closure was evaluated using the Likert scale at the last follow-up.
No significant difference was seen in the 6-month postoperative Knee Society score, or in the 1-day and 6-month postoperative inflammation marker levels between both groups (P > .05). Likert scores were higher in group A compared to group B (4.0 ± 1.0 vs 3.6 ± 1.2, P < .05).
Running subcuticular closure after TKA results in a better appearance compared to intermittent closure, although neither method has an advantage in terms of efficacy and risk of infection.
Standing Balance Strategies and Dual-Task Interference Are Differentially Modulated Across Various Sensory Contexts and Cognitive Tests in Individuals With Chronic Stroke
Authors: Jehu Deborah A. , Chan Lloyd L. , Pang Marco Y. C. 
Published: August 2020

Background and Purpose:
Mental tracking and verbal fluency tests have been linked to poor mobility and falls; however, no studies have examined the influence of imposing these tests on standing balance post-stroke. The purpose of this study was to investigate standing balance and cognitive performance across sensory conditions and cognitive tests post-stroke.

Methods:
Ninety-two participants with chronic stroke stood on dual-force platforms while performing various sensory conditions (eyes open/fixed surface, eyes closed/fixed surface, eyes open/sway-referenced surface, and eyes closed/sway-referenced surface) and cognitive tests (no cognitive test, serial subtractions, and verbal fluency). Equilibrium scores were computed based on the anterior-posterior sway angle. The number of correct verbal responses was recorded.

Results:
Performing serial subtractions during eyes closed/sway-referenced surface revealed the highest equilibrium score (64.0 ± 13.5), followed by the same sensory condition with added verbal fluency test (59.6 ± 15.1), followed by the single-task condition with no cognitive test (52.6 ± 20.9). The number of correct serial subtractions between seated (7.7 ± 3.7) and standing (7.2 ± 3.5) conditions was similar. A trend for more correct verbal fluency responses emerged when seated (8.1 ± 2.9) than the eyes open/sway-referenced surface condition (7.5 ± 2.8). Greater correct verbal fluency responses emerged when seated (8.6 ± 3.1) than the eyes closed/sway-referenced surface condition (7.8 ± 2.7).

Discussion and Conclusions:
Standing balance enhancement (higher equilibrium score/better balance) depends on the neuropsychological process targeted and the sensory input available post-stroke. Cognitive dual-task interference emerged for the verbal fluency test during the most attention demanding sensory condition. Cognitive tests that enhance standing balance should be considered in assessments and interventions to evaluate and improve dual-tasking post-stroke.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A321).