bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of well logs using K-mean cluster analysis
Authors: Ali Amjad , Sheng-Chang Chen 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe identification process of different lithologies, hydrocarbons, and water-saturated zones in oil and gas industries involves petrophysical studies that are carried out by geoscientists using different software packages. This study aims to propose a method by integrating mean cluster analysis and well logs to identify dominant lithologies, pore fluids, and fluids contact. For this purpose, initially, K-mean cluster analysis is applied to density log and P-wave velocity data of three wells in order to group them into different clusters. Based on centroids of each cluster, different lithologies have been identified. The density log equation has been utilized to compute the porosity of each cluster, and the mean of each density log cluster is used as matrix density. Next, sonic log equation has been inverted to compute the fluid velocity and the mean of each P-wave velocity cluster is used as matrix velocity. For the fluid density, sonic and density log equations are jointly inverted to compute the fluid velocity of each cluster. The fluid bulk modulus and acoustic impedance are computed using fluid density and velocity. Based on the results of K-mean cluster analysis, different lithologies (shale, sandstone, and limestone) have been recognized successfully. In well-1, hydrocarbon and water-saturated zones are successfully identified and fluids contact has been established in the zone of interest. However, well-2 and well-3 did not show any indications of the presence of hydrocarbon in the respective zones.
Digitalisierung und Psyche – Rahmenbedingungen für eine gesunde Arbeitswelt. Ergebnisse des Projektes GAP
Authors: Bretschneider Maximilian , Drössler Stephanie , Magister Selina , Zeiser Maria , Kämpf Daniel , Seidler Andreas 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDie gegenwärtige Arbeitswelt ist gezeichnet von Digitalisierungsprozessen, welche sukzessive in allen Bereichen der Erwerbsarbeit wirksam werden. Der Großteil der damit im Zusammenhang stehenden arbeitsorganisatorischen Veränderungen bleibt in seinen Wirkungen ambivalent und bietet immer auch Ansatzpunkte für Maßnahmen des Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzes. Das BMBF geförderte Verbundprojekt „Gesunde Arbeit in Pionierbranchen (GAP)“ untersuchte den Einfluss des technologischen Wandels auf die psychische und physische Gesundheit sowie Strukturen und Maßnahmen des Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutzes. Weiterhin sollten erste Empfehlungen für einen zukunftsfähigen Arbeitsschutz abgeleitet werden. In Anbetracht des nach einer Literatursichtung überschaubaren Forschungsstandes wurde ein exploratives Vorgehen gewählt und mittels der Erstellung von Unternehmensfallstudien realisiert. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass bekannte Gefährdungen, vor allem körperlich schwere Arbeit, reduziert werden können. Gleichwohl lassen sich neue Gefährdungen und die Intensivierung bekannter Gefährdungen sowie eine Belastungsverschiebung beobachten. Darüber hinaus zeichnet sich eine deutliche Zunahme psychischer Belastungen im Arbeitskontext ab. Für die gesundheitsförderliche Gestaltung ergeben sich demnach durch technologische Veränderungen wie Digitalisierung, Automatisierung und intelligente Vernetzung von Produktionsschritten sowohl Chancen als auch Herausforderungen.Praktische Relevanz: Erste Handlungsempfehlungen für einen zukunftsfähigen Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz und gute digitalisierte Arbeit können abgeleitet werden.
Back to basics: returning to the evidence and mapping knowledge in south Asian archaeology
Authors: Hawkes Jason D. , Casile Anne 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this article we advocate a return to the consideration and examination of the basic building blocks of archaeological enquiry: the evidence. Reacting to a widely held perception that archaeology now understands various commonalities of human experience, we suggest that such concepts and the inevitable oscillation towards “big picture” approaches that stems from them are problematic. They engender a type of scholarship that does not always engage fully with the evidentiary bases of interpretation and that risks assuming a great deal about large parts of the world that have not been studied in as much detail as others. We explore this by looking at the South Asian context, where archaeologists are forced to contend with a number of constraints, chief among which is a relative absence of archaeological evidence. Focusing on one particular sub-region, we piece together exactly what evidence exists and consider what can (and cannot) be said from it. On one level this serves as a useful comparator for those working in other parts of the world who may not appreciate the evidentiary constraints that exist elsewhere. Yet beyond this and simple questions of analogy, we suggest that detailed consideration of an area such as the one presented here forces us to return to even more fundamental questions relating to when archaeological research becomes “interesting”, “ground-breaking”, and “new”; and who decides this.
INFLUENCES OF UPPER FLORIDAN AQUIFER WATERS ON RADIOCARBON IN THE OTOLITHS OF GRAY SNAPPER (Lutjanus griseus) IN THE GULF OF MEXICO
Authors: Andrews Allen H , Barnett Beverly K , Chanton Jeffrey P , Thornton Laura A , Allman Robert J 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTThe otoliths (ear stones) of fishes are commonly used to describe the age and growth of marine and freshwater fishes. These non-skeletal structures are fortuitous in their utility by being composed of mostly inorganic carbonate that is inert through the life of the fish. This conserved record functions like an environmental chronometer and bomb-produced radiocarbon (14C)—a 14C signal created by atmospheric testing of thermonuclear devices—can be used as a time-specific marker in validating fish age. However, complications from the hydrogeology of nearshore marine environments can complicate 14C levels, as was the case with gray snapper (Lutjanus griseus) along the Gulf of Mexico coast of Florida. Radiocarbon of these nearshore waters is influenced by freshwater input from the karst topography of the Upper Floridan Aquifer—estuarine waters that are 14C-depleted from surface and groundwater inputs. Some gray snapper likely recruited to this kind of environment where 14C levels were depleted in the earliest otolith growth, although age was validated for individuals that were not exposed to 14C-depleted waters to an age of at least 25 years with support for a 30-year lifespan.
One-generator braces and indecomposable set-theoretic solutions to the Yang–Baxter equation
Authors: Rump Wolfgang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn unexpected relationship between indecomposable involutive set-theoretic solutions to the Yang–Baxter equation and one-generator braces has recently been discovered by Agata and Alicja Smoktunowicz. We extend these results and answer three open questions which arose in this context.
Imprimatur as Adversary: Press freedom and colonial governance in India, 1780–1823
Authors: PRASAD RITIKA 
Published: May 2020

AbstractExamining cases of libel between 1780 and 1823, this article analyses how the theory and practice of press regulation and governmentality was initially articulated in colonial India, embodied in everyday transactions between the newly invented East India Company state and an emerging newspaper press. While Company officials recognized that scrutiny by a free press was central to establishing their fairly new claims to just governance and public legitimacy, they feared that public critique would destabilize the very sovereign authority that they sought to establish. Concerned with appearing arbitrary, officials developed strategies through which they could demand obedience without necessarily predicating it on censorship. Journalists derived much of their negotiating power from the early colonial state's vulnerability to public scrutiny, but they also knew that the state possessed extensive control over their livelihood. Cognizant of the power and constraints of colonial governmentality at this juncture, they produced their own mechanisms of permissible intransigence. This uneasy equilibrium generated the questions explored in this article: What rights of comment and critique practically accrued to newspapers? What was the legal authority of executive regulations censoring newspapers and how far were these enforceable? Why, in practice, did punishments remain strikingly similar across periods with and without formal censorship? The cases between 1780 and 1823 not only reveal the historical negotiations that structured this foundational—though somewhat marginalized—period of India's press history, but also explain the strategic shifts that followed as, in 1823, the fulcrum of crime and punishment turned away from press censorship and towards press licensing.
Static Characteristic Analysis of Spatial (Non-Planar) Links in Planar Parallel Manipulator
Authors: Ganesh M. , Dash Anjan Kumar , Venkitachalam P. , Shrinithi S. 
Published: May 2020

SUMMARYConventional planar manipulators have their links in a single plane. Increasing payload at the end effector/mobile platform can induce high stress in the links due to the cantilever nature of links. Thus, it limits the total vertical load that can be applied on the mobile platform. In contrast to the links in conventional planar parallel mechanisms, non-planar links are proposed in this paper, that is, links are made inclined to the horizontal plane and non-planar legs are constructed. Though the links are made non-planar, the end effectors’ planar motion is retained. For studying the application of such non-planar links in planar manipulators, new models of inertia, stiffness and leg dynamics have to be developed. In this article, these models are developed by the static analysis of the planar manipulators with non-planar links, and the performance is compared with the corresponding conventional planar manipulators.
Human dimensions of human–lion conflict: a pre- and post-assessment of a lion conservation programme in the Okavango Delta, Botswana
Authors: LeFlore Eric G , Fuller Todd K , Tomeletso Mathata , Dimbindo Tiro C , Stein Andrew B 
Published: May 2020

SummaryHumans are contributing to large carnivore declines around the globe, and conservation interventions should focus on increasing local stakeholder tolerance of carnivores and be informed by both biological and social considerations. In the Okavango Delta (Botswana), we tested new conservation strategies alongside a pre-existing government compensation programme. The new strategies included the construction of predator-proof livestock enclosures, the establishment of an early warning system linked to GPS satellite lion collars, depredation event investigations and educational programmes. We conducted pre- and post-assessments of villagers’ livestock management practices, attitudes towards carnivores and conservation, perceptions of human–carnivore coexistence and attitudes towards established conservation programmes. Livestock management levels were low and 50% of farmers lost livestock to carnivores, while 5–10% of owned stock was lost. Respondents had strong negative attitudes towards lions, which kill most depredated livestock. Following new management interventions, tolerance of carnivores significantly increased, although tolerance of lions near villages did not. The number of respondents who believed that coexistence with carnivores was possible significantly increased. Respondents had negative attitudes towards the government-run compensation programme, citing low and late payments, but were supportive of the new management interventions. These efforts show that targeted, intensive management can increase stakeholder tolerance of carnivores.
Childhood adversity is linked to adult health among African Americans via adolescent weight gain and effects are genetically moderated
Authors: Beach Steven R. H. , Ong Mei Ling , Lei Man-Kit , Klopack Eric , Carter Sierra E. , Simons Ronald L. , Gibbons Frederick X. , Lavner Justin A. , Philibert Robert A. , Ye Kaixiong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIdentifying the mechanisms linking early experiences, genetic risk factors, and their interaction with later health consequences is central to the development of preventive interventions and identifying potential boundary conditions for their efficacy. In the current investigation of 412 African American adolescents followed across a 20-year period, we examined change in body mass index (BMI) across adolescence as one possible mechanism linking childhood adversity and adult health. We found associations of childhood adversity with objective indicators of young adult health, including a cardiometabolic risk index, a methylomic aging index, and a count of chronic health conditions. Childhood adversities were associated with objective indicators indirectly through their association with gains in BMI across adolescence and early adulthood. We also found evidence of an association of genetic risk with weight gain across adolescence and young adult health, as well as genetic moderation of childhood adversity's effect on gains in BMI, resulting in moderated mediation. These patterns indicated that genetic risk moderated the indirect pathways from childhood adversity to young adult health outcomes and childhood adversity moderated the indirect pathways from genetic risk to young adult health outcomes through effects on weight gain during adolescence and early adulthood.
Aborted cardiac arrest during sport activity in a teenager diagnosed with short QT syndrome
Authors: Ramoğlu Mehmet G. , Karagözlü Selen , Uçar Tayfun , Tutar Ercan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractShort QT syndrome is a malignant repolarisation disorder characterised by short QT intervals. We present a previously asymptomatic 14-year-old male patient with negative family history, who suffered a sudden cardiac arrest while playing basketball and diagnosed with short QT syndrome to make emphasis on the fact that although very rare patients with this syndrome may experience cardiac arrest during exercise.
Friday Veneration among Syriac Christians: The Witness of theStory of the Holy Friday
Authors: MINOV SERGEY 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article contains the original unpublished Syriac text of the Story of the Holy Friday, an anonymous hagiographic composition that promotes an idiosyncratic form of Friday veneration, which demands that Christians refrain from work on that day completely. The text of the Story, published on the basis of manuscript Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, syr. 234, is accompanied with an English translation and discussion of its unusual message, possibly related to the early period of Muslim-Christian relations in the Near East.
The evolution of the Offshore US-Dollar System: past, present and four possible futures
Authors: Murau Steffen , Rini Joe , Haas Armin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLittle has contributed more to the emergence of today's world of financial globalization than the setup of the international monetary system. In its current shape, it has a hierarchical structure with the US-Dollar (USD) at the top and various other monetary areas forming a multilayered periphery to it. A key feature of the system is the creation of USD offshore – a feature that in the 1950s and 60s developed in co-evolution with the Bretton Woods System and in the 1970s replaced it. Since the 2007–9 Financial Crisis, this ‘Offshore US-Dollar System’ has been backstopped by the Federal Reserve's network of swap lines which are extended to other key central banks. This systemic evolution may continue in the decades to come, but other systemic arrangements are possible as well and have historical precedents. This article discusses four trajectories that would lead to different setups of the international monetary system by 2040, taking into account how its hierarchical structure and the role of offshore credit money creation may evolve. In addition to a continuation of USD hegemony, we present the emergence of competing monetary blocs, the formation of an international monetary federation and the disintegration into an international monetary anarchy.
Local Heating of Oxygen Ions in the Presence of Magnetosonic Waves: Possible Source for the Warm Plasma Cloak?
Authors: Hill S. , Buzulukova N. , Boardsen S. , Fok M.‐C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the energy regime between the plasmasphere (a few eV) and the ring current (greater than 1 keV), there exists another magnetospheric particle population with energies from a few eV to a few keV, the origins of which are debated. Studies explore generation mechanisms for warm plasma energies in the inner magnetosphere through two observed phenomena: the warm plasma cloak and the oxygen torus. The relations between these two populations are unclear. Recent data reveal local heating of cold H+ and He+ ions to warm plasma energies by magnetosonic waves. In this study, we report first observations of thermal O+ heating by magnetosonic waves and link the heating to a possible formation mechanism for the warm plasma cloak. The O+ heating is observed by different plasmaspheric density profiles, including density channels. We observe that O+ heating always occurs with thermal H+ and He+ heating. We investigate the harmonic structure of the observed magnetosonic waves and find intense O+ heating is accompanied by discrete heavy ion gyroharmonics. We suggest that locally heated thermal ions to 100s eV by magnetosonic waves along the plasmapause could provide a possible mechanism for warm plasma cloak generation.
Preliminary Evidence of Madden‐Julian Oscillation Effects on Ultrafast Tropical Waves in the Thermosphere
Authors: Gasperini Federico , Liu Hanli , McInerney Joseph 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOver the past two decades mounting evidence demonstrated that terrestrial weather significantly influences the dynamics and mean state of the thermosphere. While important progress has been made in understanding how this coupling occurs on hourly to daily time scales, large uncertainty still exists on this effect around intraseasonal (∼30–90 days) time scales. In this work, analyses of Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics‐Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry temperatures near 110 km and Gravity field and steady‐state Ocean Circulation Explorer cross‐track winds near 260 km reveal prominent intraseasonal oscillations in the equatorial (±15°) zonal mean lower and middle thermosphere. Similar intraseasonal oscillations are found in the amplitudes of the diurnal eastward propagating tide with Zonal Wavenumber 3 (DE3) and the quasi‐3‐day ultrafast Kelvin wave, two prominent ultrafast tropical waves (UFTWs) excited by deep tropical tropospheric convection. Numerical simulations from the Specified‐Dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model eXtended demonstrate a significant connection between these UFTW and the Madden‐Julian Oscillation (MJO). Compared to the boreal winter mean state, thermospheric UFTW amplitudes are larger (+5 to +12%) during MJO Phases 2–3 and smaller (−3% to −12%) during MJO Phases 6–8. Significant variations are also found with respect to the phase of the mesospheric semiannual oscillation (MSAO) and stratospheric quasi‐biannual oscillation (SQBO), with larger (±12–16%) thermospheric amplitudes during westward MSAO/SQBO phase and smaller (±3–6%) amplitudes during eastward MSAO/SQBO phase, in accordance with theoretical interpretations. This study suggests that UFTW may play a large role in coupling tropospheric intraseasonal variability to the thermosphere, raising important questions including implications for the whole atmosphere system.
Origin of Groundwater Arsenic in a Rural Pleistocene Aquifer in Bangladesh Depressurized by Distal Municipal Pumping
Authors: Mozumder M. R. H. , Michael H. A. , Mihajlov I. , Khan M. R. , Knappett P. S. K. , Bostick B. C. , Mailloux B. J. , Ahmed K. M. , Choudhury I. , Koffman T. , Ellis T. , Whaley‐Martin K. , San Pedro R. , Slater G. , Stute M. , Schlosser P. , van Geen A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAcross South Asia, millions of villagers have reduced their exposure to high‐arsenic (As) groundwater by switching to low‐As wells. Isotopic tracers and flow modeling are used in this study to understand the groundwater flow system of a semi‐confined aquifer of Pleistocene (>10 kyr) age in Bangladesh that is generally low in As but has been perturbed by massive pumping at a distance of about 25 km for the municipal water supply of Dhaka. A 10‐ to 15‐m‐thick clay aquitard caps much of the intermediate aquifer (>40‐ to 90‐m depth) in the 3‐km2study area, with some interruptions by younger channel sand deposits indicative of river scouring. Hydraulic heads in the intermediate aquifer below the clay‐capped areas are 1–2 m lower than in the high‐As shallow aquifer above the clay layer. In contrast, similar heads in the shallow and intermediate aquifer are observed where the clay layer is missing. The head distribution suggests a pattern of downward flow through interruptions in the aquitard and lateral advection from the sandy areas to the confined portion of the aquifer. The interpreted flow system is consistent with3H‐3He ages, stable isotope data, and groundwater flow modeling. Lateral flow could explain an association of elevated As with high methane concentrations within layers of gray sand below certain clay‐capped portions of the Pleistocene aquifer. An influx of dissolved organic carbon from the clay layer itself leading to a reduction of initially orange sands has also likely contributed to the rise of As.
Pomalidomide, dexamethasone, and daratumumab in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma after lenalidomide treatment
Authors: Siegel David S. , Schiller Gary J. , Samaras Christy , Sebag Michael , Berdeja Jesus , Ganguly Siddhartha , Matous Jeffrey , Song Kevin , Seet Christopher S. , Talamo Giampaolo , Acosta-Rivera Mirelis , Bar Michael , Quick Donald , Anz Bertrand , Fonseca Gustavo , Reece Donna , Pierceall William E. , Chung Weiyuan , Zafar Faiza , Agarwal Amit , Bahlis Nizar J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPatients with multiple myeloma who have relapsed after or become refractory to lenalidomide in early treatment lines represent a clinically important population in need of effective therapies. The safety and efficacy of pomalidomide, low-dose dexamethasone, and daratumumab was evaluated in lenalidomide-pretreated patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after one to two prior treatment lines in the phase 2 MM-014 study. Patients received pomalidomide 4 mg daily from days 1–21 and dexamethasone 40 mg weekly (28-day cycles). Daratumumab 16 mg/kg was administered per label. Primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR); secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS) and safety. Per protocol, all patients (N = 112) had received lenalidomide in their most recent prior regimen (75.0% lenalidomide refractory). ORR was 77.7% (76.2% in lenalidomide-refractory patients); median follow-up was 17.2 months. Median PFS was not reached (1-year PFS rate 75.1%). The most common hematologic grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse event was neutropenia (62.5%). Grade 3/4 infections were reported in 31.3% of patients, including 13.4% with grade 3/4 pneumonia. These results demonstrate the safety and efficacy of pomalidomide-based therapy as early as second line in patients with RRMM, even immediately after lenalidomide failure, indicating that switching from the immunomodulatory agent class is not necessary.