bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Character strengths cinematherapy: Using movies to inspire change, meaning, and cinematic elevation
Authors: Niemiec Ryan M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGood movies have the potential to capture a trifecta of meaning: they can be enjoyable, engaging, and empowering. In other words, we experience pleasure, focused attention and concentration, and are inspired toward the good or reach new insights into ourselves, others, or the human condition. Drawing on the rapidly emerging science in character strengths, areas of integration with cinematherapy are outlined and explored. A therapeutic change model for character strengths cinematherapy is discussed, with emphasis on the roles of cinematic elevation and cinematic admiration. Practical suggestions to help therapists match client goals, well‐being areas, signature strengths, lower strengths, and psychopathology or problem areas are framed. While integration into large scale projects to impact social change is possible with character strengths cinematherapy, the starting point is helping therapists to use this approach with the client in front of them to promote that change one person at a time.
Identification of novel genes in testicular cancer microenvironment based on ESTIMATE algorithm‐derived immune scores
Authors: Ke Zhi‐Bin , Wu Yu‐Peng , Huang Peng , Hou Jian , Chen Ye‐Hui , Dong Ru‐Nan , Lin Fei , Wei Yong , Xue Xue‐Yi , Ng Chi‐Fai , Xu Ning 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTesticular cancer is the most common solid malignancy among young men. We downloaded data of testicular cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas database to find novel genes in the testicular cancer microenviroment based on ESTIMATE algorithm‐derived immune scores. A total of 156 cases of testicular cancer were included in this study and 165 cases of normal testicular tissues were used. We divided the testicular cancer patients into high‐ and low‐score groups based on their immune scores. We identified 1,226 differentially expressed genes (fold change > 2, false discovery rate < 0.05), including 688 downregulated genes and 538 upregulated genes, between these two groups. The top Gene Ontology terms were involved in the immune response‐regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway, immune response‐activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway, external side of the plasma membrane, and receptor ligand activity. By performing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, we demonstrated that cAMP signaling pathway was highly enriched among these differentially expressed genes. High expression of LINC01564, LINC02208, ODAM, RNA5SP111, and RNU6‐196P were found to be associated with poor overall survival. The expression of genes was further validated by the Human Protein Atlas and only ALB and IFNG were demonstrated to be differentially expressed between testis tissue and testicular cancer tissue.
Enalapril and treadmill running reduce adiposity, but only the latter causes adipose tissue browning in mice
Authors: Giori Isabele G. , Magliano D'Angelo C. , Alexandre‐Santos Beatriz , Fernandes Tiago , Oliveira Edilamar M. , Vieira Carla P. , Conte‐Junior Carlos A. , Ceddia Rolando B. , Nobrega Antonio C. L. , Frantz Eliete D. C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study investigated whether regulation of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) by enalapril and/or aerobic exercise training (AET) causes browning of the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). C57BL/6 mice were fed either a standard chow or a high‐fat (HF) diet for 16 weeks. At Week 8, HF‐fed animals were divided into sedentary (HF), enalapril (HF‐E), AET (HF‐T), and enalapril plus AET (HF‐ET) groups. Subsequently, sWAT was extracted for morphometry, determination of RAS expression, and biomarkers of WAT browning. The HF group displayed adipocyte hypertrophy and induction of the classical RAS axis. Conversely, all interventions reduced adiposity and induced the counterregulatory RAS axis. However, only AET raised plasma irisin, increased peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator‐1α, and uncoupling protein‐1 levels, and the expression of PR‐domain containing 16 in sWAT. Therefore, we concluded that AET‐induced sWAT browning was independent of the counterregulatory axis shifting of RAS in HF diet‐induced obesity.
Predicting nitrate‐nitrogen loads in subsurface drainage as a function of fertilizer application rate and timing in southern Minnesota
Authors: Wilson Grace L. , Mulla David J. , Vetsch Jeffrey A. , Sands Gary R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFertilizer management practices that focus on applying N fertilizer at the right rate and time have been proposed as a practical option to reduce NO3–N losses from subsurface drained agricultural fields. In this study, regression equations were developed to predict NO3–N losses for a corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation in southern Minnesota, using fertilizer application timing and rate and growing season precipitation as inputs. The equations were developed using the results of the field‐scale hydrologic and N simulation model DRAINMOD‐NII, first calibrated and validated for three sites in southern Minnesota, and then run with different combinations of N fertilizer application rates and timings. Fertilizer timing treatments included a single application in the fall or spring and a split‐spring application (half applied preplant and the remaining applied as sidedress). The predictive regression equations showed that the split fertilizer application timing could reduce regional N loads by 28% compared with spring or fall applications. Greater reductions were predicted when the split timing was combined with lower N fertilizer rates. Utilizing the split application timing and reducing the fertilizer rate by 10 and 30% showed 33 and 41% reductions in N loads, respectively, compared with current fertilizer management practices. Such reductions in fertilizer application rates could be achieved through the use of variable‐rate nitrogen (VRN) fertilizer technologies. Results of this modeling study indicate that synchronizing fertilizer application with crop requirements and utilizing VRN technologies could significantly reduce N loads to surface waters in southern Minnesota.
Impact of low‐level viraemia on virological failure among Asian children with perinatally acquired HIV on first‐line combination antiretroviral treatment: a multicentre, retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sudjaritruk Tavitiya , Teeraananchai Sirinya , Kariminia Azar , Lapphra Keswadee , Kumarasamy Nagalingeswaran , Fong Moy S , Hansudewechakul Rawiwan , Bunupuradah Torsak , Ly Penh Sun , Nallusamy Revathy A , Sohn Annette H , Sirisanthana Virat ,   TREAT Asia Pediatric HIV Observational Database of IeDEA Asia‐Pacific
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe clinical relevance of low‐level viraemia (LLV) and virological outcomes among children living with HIV (CLHIV) remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the impact of LLV on virological failure (VF) among Asian CLHIV on first‐line combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).MethodsCLHIV aged <18 years, who were on first‐line cART for ≥12 months, and had virological suppression (two consecutive plasma viral load [pVL] <50 copies/mL) were included. Those who started treatment with mono/dual antiretroviral therapy, had a history of treatment interruption >14 days, or received treatment and care at sites with a pVL lower limit of detection >50 copies/mL were excluded. LLV was defined as a pVL 50 to 1000 copies/mL, and VF as a single pVL >1000 copies/mL. Baseline was the time of the second pVL < 50 copies/mL. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to assess the association between LLV and VF.ResultsFrom January 2008 to September 2016, 508 CLHIV (55% female) were eligible for the study. At baseline, the median age was 9.6 (IQR: 7.0 to 12.3) years, cART duration was 1.4 (IQR: 1.3 to 1.8) years, 97% of CLHIV were on non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor‐based regimens, and the median CD4 was 25% (IQR: 20% to 30%). Over a median follow‐up time of 6.0 (IQR: 3.1 to 8.9) years from baseline, 86 CLHIV (17%) had ever experienced LLV, of whom 32 (37%) had multiple LLV episodes. Female sex, living in Malaysia (compared to Cambodia), having family members other than biological parents/grandparents as a primary caregiver, and baseline CD4 < 25% increased risk of LLV. Overall, 115 children (23%) developed VF, corresponding to a rate of 4.0 (95%CI: 3.4 to 4.9) per 100 person‐years of follow‐up (PYFU). VF was greater among children who had ever experienced LLV compared with those who maintained virological suppression throughout the study period (8.9 vs. 3.3 per 100 PYFU;p < 0.001). In multivariable analyses, ever experiencing LLV was associated with increased risk of subsequent VF (adjusted hazard ratio: 3.01; 95%CI: 1.97 to 4.60).ConclusionsLLV increased the risk of subsequent VF among Asian CLHIV who had previously been suppressed on first‐line cART. Adherence interventions and additional targeted pVL monitoring may be warranted among children with LLV to facilitate early detection of VF.
Moving towards clinical trials for mitochondrial diseases
Authors: Pitceathly Robert D.S. , Keshavan Nandaki , Rahman Joyeeta , Rahman Shamima 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrimary mitochondrial diseases represent some of the most common and severe inherited metabolic disorders, affecting ~1 in 4,300 live births. The clinical and molecular diversity typified by mitochondrial diseases has contributed to the lack of licensed disease‐modifying therapies available. Management for the majority of patients is primarily supportive. The failure of clinical trials in mitochondrial diseases partly relates to the inefficacy of the compounds studied. However, it is also likely to be a consequence of the significant challenges faced by clinicians and researchers when designing trials for these disorders, which have historically been hampered by a lack of natural history data, biomarkers and outcome measures to detect a treatment effect. Encouragingly, over the past decade there have been significant advances in therapy development for mitochondrial diseases, with many small molecules now transitioning from preclinical to early phase human interventional studies. In this review, we present the treatments and management strategies currently available to people with mitochondrial disease. We evaluate the challenges and potential solutions to trial design and highlight the emerging pharmacological and genetic strategies that are moving from the laboratory to clinical trials for this group of disorders.
Guanylate binding proteins contained in the murine chromosome 3 are important to control mycobacterial infection
Authors: Marinho Fabio V , Fahel Julia S , de Araujo Ana Carolina V S C , Diniz Lunna T S , Gomes Marco T R , Resende Danilo P , Junqueira-Kipnis Ana P , Oliveira Sergio C 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) are important effector molecules of autonomous response induced by proinflammatory stimuli, mainly IFNs. The murine GBPs clustered in chromosome 3 (GBPchr3) contains the majority of human homologous GBPs. Despite intense efforts, mycobacterial-promoted diseases are still a major public health problem. However, the combined importance of GBPchr3 during mycobacterial infection has been overlooked. This study addresses the influence of the GBPchr3 in host immunity against mycobacterial infection to elucidate the relationship between cell-intrinsic immunity and triggering of an efficient anti-mycobacterial immune response. Here we show that all GBPchr3 are up-regulated in lungs of mice during Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection, resembling tissue expression of IFN-γ. Mice deficient in GBPchr3 (GBPchr3−/−) were more susceptible to infection, displaying diminished expression of autophagy-related genes (LC3B, ULK1, and ATG5) in lungs. Additionally, there was reduced proinflammatory cytokine production complementary to diminished numbers of myeloid cells in spleens of GBPchr3−/−. Higher bacterial burden in GBPchr3−/− animals correlated with increased number of tissue granulomas. Furthermore, absence of GBPchr3 hampered activation and production of TNF-α and IL-12 by dendritic cells. Concerning macrophages, lack of GBPs impaired their antimicrobial function, diminishing autophagy induction and intracellular killing efficiency. In contrast, single GBP2 deficiency did not contribute to in vivo bacterial control. In conclusion, this study shows that GBPchr3 are important not only to stimulate cell-intrinsic immunity but also for inducing an efficient immune response to control mycobacterial infection in vivo.
Growth differentiation factor‐6 attenuates inflammatory and pain‐related factors and degenerated disc‐induced pain behaviors in rat model
Authors: Cui Haowen , Zhang Jian , Li Zemin , Chen Fan , Cui Haitao , Du Xianfa , Liu Hui , Wang Jianru , Diwan Ashish D. , Zheng Zhaomin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have indicated that growth differentiation factor 6 (GDF6) is a potential candidate for intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) treatment. Here, we investigated the effect of GDF6 on IDD by examining changes in disc structure and the expression of inflammatory and pain‐related factors. A rat posterior disc puncture model of single segments and three consecutive segments was constructed, and GDF6 or phosphate‐buffered solution was administered via intradiscal injection 1 or 2 weeks after surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a clear degeneration signal in the punctured disc, which was inhibited by GDF6. Histological staining revealed that GDF6 did not significantly improve the structure of IVDs in rats 8 weeks after puncture surgery, but it had an inhibitory effect on expression of the tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin (IL)‐1β in the IVD. Furthermore, GDF6 was found to protect the morphology and structure of the IVD 32 weeks after surgery. Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia tests suggested that GDF6 injection can significantly improve mechanical and thermal‐stimulated pain behavior in rats and inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors TNF‐α and IL‐1β and the pain factor calcitonin gene‐related peptide in the dorsal root ganglion. A rat protein array test indicated that GDF6 could reduce the expression of cytokines IL‐6, intercellular cell adhesion molecule‐1, matrix metalloproteinase‐13, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α and increase the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1, Transforming growth factor‐beta 2, IL‐10, and resistin in a TNF‐α‐induced IDD cell model. Thus, our study demonstrates that GDF6 can improve the structure of the IVD, inhibit the expression of inflammatory and pain‐related factors, and improve pain behavior in rats. Clinical Significance: To establish further preclinical research and clinical trials, comprehensive data are needed to validate the regenerative properties of GDF6. Ideally, a regenerative agent should also be able to relieve discogenic pain, achieving the best clinical outcomes.
Association Between Anthropometric Indicators of Nutrition Status and Length of Hospital Stay in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Pinto Ana C. , Sousa Ana S. , Amaral Teresa F. , Guerra Rita S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundUndernutrition is associated with increased hospital length of stay (LOS). Anthropometrics is required for undernutrition screening and diagnosis. However, the measurements which are more strongly associated with LOS are to be specified. This study aims to measure the independent association of weight, triceps skinfold thickness (TST), mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC), adductor pollicis muscle thickness (APMT), mid‐upper arm muscle area (AMA), mid‐upper arm muscle circumference (AMC), and body mass index (BMI) with LOS and investigating whether these indicators had similar validity in predicting LOS.MethodsSix hundred ninety‐five patients participated in a prospective observational study. Participants were dichotomized indicators studied according to the 5th and 25th percentiles described in the literature (for APMT only the 5th percentile was used). Cox regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% CIs.ResultsPatients that presented values <5th percentile for TST (HR, 0.759; 95% CI, 0.579–0.995), MUAC (HR, 0.822; 95% CI, 0.687–0.983), APMT (HR, 0.791; 95% CI, 0.671–0.933), AMA (HR, 0.797, 95% CI, 0.660–0.962), and AMC (HR, 0.746; 95% CI, 0.611–0.911) showed a lower probability of being discharged to usual residence. Patients whose TST values were <25th percentile also presented lower probability of being discharged to usual residence (HR, 0.798; 95% CI, 0.673–0.946). No associations were found between weight and BMI with LOS.ConclusionDepletion of TST, MUAC, APMT, AMA, and AMC was associated with lower probability of being discharged to usual residence. A thicker TST was independently associated with this outcome and thus TST should be considered for undernutrition screening and diagnosis.
Label‐free serum detection based on Raman spectroscopy for the diagnosis and classification of glioma
Authors: Zhang Chenxi , Han Ying , Sun Bo , Zhang Wenli , Liu Shujun , Liu Jiajia , Lv Hong , Zhang Guojun , Kang Xixiong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlioma is the most prevalent malignant cancer in the central nervous system and can cause significant mortality and morbidity. A rapid, convenient, accurate, and relatively noninvasive diagnostic method for glioma is important and urgently needed. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to discriminate patients with glioma from healthy individuals. Serum samples were collected from healthy individuals (n = 86) and patients with glioma [high‐grade glioma (HGG) n = 75, low‐grade glioma (LGG) n = 60]. All spectra were collected with a 785‐nm wavelength laser in the range of 400–1800 cm−1. A total of three spectra were recorded for each sample, and every spectrum was integrated for 12 s and averaged over five accumulations. Principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis models were combined to classify the Raman spectra of different groups. The correct classification ratios were 95.35, 93.33, and 93.34% for the normal, HGG, and LGG groups, respectively, and the total accuracy was 94.12%. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of differentiating the HGG group from the normal group were 96.00, 96.51, and 96.27%, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.997; in addition, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of differentiating the LGG group from the normal group were 96.67%, 98.84%, and 97.95%, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.999. Our study results suggested that the rapid and noninvasive detection method based on principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis combined with Raman spectroscopy is a highly promising tool for the early diagnosis of glioma.
Silicon application improves caryopsis development and yield in rice
Authors: Chaiwong Nanthana , Rerkasem Benjavan , Pusadee Tonapha , Prom‐u‐thai Chanakan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCaryopsis development consists of several processes in the production of grain yield in field crops. This study evaluated the effect of silicon (Si) on spikelet formation, spikelet fertility, and grain filling and its impact on grain yield in rice.RESULTSApplying Si increased grain yield by 44% in Chainat 1( CNT1) and by 23% in Pathumthani 1 (PTT1). With no Si application, CNT1 had fewer total spikelets, and the fertilized and filled spikelets responded more strongly to Si than PTT1 did. Grain yield in both genotypes increased with increasing number of spikelets and filled fertilized grains. There were close relationships between Si concentration in the shoots, flag leaf, and the husk, which were positively correlated with grain yield, the number of spikelets, and fertilized and filled grains. Applying Si fertilizer also increased the expression level of Lsi6 in both CNT1 and PTT1 by 202% and 144% respectively compared with the expression of plants with no Si supplied.CONCLUSIONThis study has shown how rice grain yield can be limited by Si deficiency through the spikelet formation, fertilization, and grain filling processes. Applying Si fertilizer could improve rice grain yield through increasing spikelet formation, fertilization, and grain filling, which is in parallel with Lsi6 gene expression. This information can be used for improving rice productivity by Si fertilization management. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Rapid safety and quality control during fish shelf‐life by using a portable device
Authors: Castrica Marta , Chiesa Luca Maria , Nobile Maria , De Battisti Francesca , Siletti Elena , Pessina Davide , Panseri Sara , Balzaretti Claudia M 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDFish consumption is increasing nowadays both because of its positive role for health due to the abundant presence of unsaturated fatty acids and for its use in many new food preparations (e.g. raw fillet used for uncooked sushi and sashimi dishes). The growing food industry and increased demand for the long‐term storage and preservation of food have created the need to develop methods that can easily track and preserve food freshness and safety throughout shelf‐life (production, storage, shipment, and consumption). While E‐nose technologies have already been used and tested for these purposes, scarce information is available in the literature on the feasibility of using other food devices to detect changes in perishable food like fish during shelf‐life in order to predict and correctly manage all food storage phases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of Food Sniffer® portable devices to define the quality and safety of salmon fillet and burger (Salmo salar) packaged in modified atmosphere at two refrigerated conditions (4 and 8 °C).RESULTSAn increase in biogenic amines and volatile compounds especially ketones and alcohols were observed, with large amounts at final storage times of 8 °C temperature.CONCLUSIONThe Food Sniffer® application was able to anticipate unacceptability conditions of salmon samples also correlated with chemical and microbiological parameters. This could represent a valid support for food industry and retail to manage perishable food commodities preventing possible food risk as well. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Residue measurement of pendimethalin in tobacco by using heart‐cutting two dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Shen Shihao , Chen Min , Wang Xianying , Fei Ting , Yang Dianhai , Cao Miaoling , Wu Da 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA novel heart‐cutting two‐dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for quantitative analysis of pendimethalin residue in tobacco. The strategy of reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled with another reversed‐phase liquid chromatography was employed for high column efficiency and excellent compatibility of mobile phase. In the first dimensional chromatography, a cyano column with methanol/water as the eluent was applied to separate pendimethalin from thousands of interference components in tobacco. By heart‐cutting technique, which effectively removed interference components, the target compound was cut to the second dimensional C18 column for further separation. The pendimethalin residue was finally determined by the tandem mass spectrometry under multiple reaction monitoring reversed‐phase liquid chromatography mode. Sample pretreatment of the new method was simplified, involving only extraction and filtration. Compared with traditional methodologies, the new method showed fairly high selectivity and sensitivity with almost no matrix interference. The limit of quantitation for pendimethalin was 1.21 ng/mL, whereas the overall recoveries ranged from 95.7 to 103.3%. The new method has been successfully applied to non‐stop measure of 200 real samples, without contamination of ion source. Detection results of the samples agreed well with standard method.