bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bent line quantile regression via a smoothing technique
Authors: Zhou Xiaoying , Zhang Feipeng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA bent line quantile regression model can describe the conditional quantile function of the response variable with two different straight lines, which intersect at an unknown change point. This paper proposes a new approach via a smoothing technique to simultaneously estimate the location of the change point and other regression coefficients for the bent line quantile regression model. Furthermore, the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator are derived, and a formal test procedure for the existence of a change point is also provided. Simulation studies are carried out to demonstrate the finite sample performance of the proposed method. We also illustrate the proposed method by applying it to the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and the life expectancy at birth data.
Questioning the prevailing narrative about elementary science teachers: An analysis of the experiences of science teacher enthusiasts
Authors: Bradbury Leslie U. , Wilson Rachel E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to challenge the prevailing negative narrative related to elementary science teaching by investigating the experiences of elementary teachers who identify as science teacher enthusiasts (STEs). Holland, Lachiotte, Skinner, and Cain (1998)'s conception of identity as an ongoing production or construction in a socio‐cultural context served as a theoretical framing for exploring structural and personal supports and constraints related to the development of elementary teachers’ science teaching identities. Through interviews with 13 inservice elementary teachers with a range of experience (1–40 years), we found that students’ enthusiasm for science, connections with other enthusiasts, and opportunities for integrating science with other content areas were the major supports for consistent science teaching. Positive emotions associated with these supports helped the participants mitigate constraints such as lack of time, resources, testing, and not feeling comfortable with the science content frequently associated with portraits of elementary teachers. By understanding the experiences of STEs, science educators can use their role as preservice educators and professional developers to provide these supports to bolster the science teaching identity trajectories of individuals with whom they work.
Skeletal muscle stem cells confer maturing macrophages anti-inflammatory properties through insulin-like growth factor-2
Authors: Fang Jiankai , Zhang Shengchao , Liu Zhanhong , Pan Yongsha , Cao Lijuan , Hou Pengbo , Chen Yongjing , Zhang Yuyan , Li Xiaolei , Liu Rui , Shang Qianwen , Zheng Zhiyuan , Song Lin , Li Yanan , Fu Zhonglin , Lin Liangyu , Melino Gerry , Wang Ying , Shao Changshun , Shi Yufang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Cytokines produced by immune cells have been demonstrated to act on muscle stem cells (MuSCs) and direct their fate and behavior during muscle repair and regeneration. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether and how MuSCs can also in turn modulate the properties of immune cells. Here, we showed that in vitro expanded MuSCs exhibited a potent anti-inflammatory effect when infused into mice suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Supernatant conditioned by MuSCs similarly ameliorated IBD. This beneficial effect of MuSCs was not observed when macrophages were depleted. The MuSC supernatant was found to greatly attenuate the expression of inflammatory cytokines but increase the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 in macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma. Further analysis revealed that MuSCs produce a large amount of insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) that instructs maturing macrophages to undergo oxidative phosphorylation and thus acquire anti-inflammatory properties. Interestingly, the IGF-2 production by MuSCs is much higher than by mesenchymal stem cells. Knockdown or neutralization of IGF-2 abrogated the anti-inflammatory effects of MuSCs and their therapeutic efficacy on IBD. Our study demonstrated that MuSCs possess a strong anti-inflammatory property and the bidirectional interactions between immune cells and MuSCs have important implications in muscle-related physiological and pathological conditions.

Significance statement Inflammatory macrophages are known to promote the expansion of activated muscle stem cells (MuSCs) during the tissue repair process by retaining MuSCs in a proliferative and undifferentiated state. This study revealed that MuSCs could also endow maturing macrophages with anti-inflammatory properties, by producing insulin-like growth factor-2 that dictates the metabolic preference of macrophages.
Sustainable development and corporate financial performance: A study based on the Brazilian Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE)
Authors: de Castro Sobrosa Neto Ruy , de Lima Carlos Rogério Montenegro , Bazil Daniel Goulart , de Oliveira Veras Manoela , de Andrade Guerra José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere is a growing trend of seeking to move toward sustainable development and because of this, together with the increasingly watchful eye of society, companies are increasingly taking note of this new niche in the stock market. Thus, fund managers and investors see a need to align profits with environmental, social and economic variables in business management as well as corporate governance. The Brazilian Corporate Sustainability Index (Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial—ISE) was created in 2005 by the São Paulo Stock Exchange, currently known as B3, which is the result of the merger between the BM&FBovespa and CETIP, and has this nomenclature in reference to the initial letters of Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão. The ISE aims to identify a company's commitment to sustainability and thereby guide the capital and credit market, highlighting companies that incorporate social and environmental risks into the organization, seeking to positively influence the image of the companies involved. The aim of this research was to verify the superior economic and financial performance of the Brazilian companies that are included in the ISE portfolio in relation to the other companies that constitute the Ibovespa, between the years of 2014 and 2018. As a result, a neutral relationship between financial performance and sustainable development was identified, which is consistent with the results of previous studies referenced and addressed in this research. The findings of this study provide an important contribution to the existing research on sustainability in financial markets, since few scientific articles that investigate, using indicators and statistical treatment, the Brazilian sustainability market, are available.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Carbopalladation Cascade: Facile Synthesis of [1,2,3]Triazolo[1,5‐a]quinolines from o‐Triazole Bromobenzenes and Internal Alkynes
Authors: Qiu Huihua , Zhou Peng , Liu Weibing , Zhang Jiantao , Chen Baoning 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed intermolecular annulation and arylation cascade between internal alkynes and o‐triazole bromobenzenes was developed, delivering to various polysubstituted [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5‐a]quinolines. Broad substrate scope, great functional group tolerance and simple operation of this transformation, hold great synthetic potential for the rapid construction of fused N‐heterocycles with biologically activity.
Fuzzy case‐based‐reasoning‐based imputation for incomplete data in software engineering repositories
Authors: Abnane Ibtissam , Idri Ali , Abran Alain 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMissing data is a serious issue in software engineering because it can lead to information loss and bias in data analysis. Several imputation techniques have been proposed to deal with both numerical and categorical missing data. However, most of those techniques used is simple reuse techniques originally designed for numerical data, which is a problem when the missing data are related to categorical attributes. This paper aims (a) to propose a new fuzzy case‐based reasoning (CBR) imputation technique designed for both numerical and categorical data and (b) to evaluate and compare the performance of the proposed technique with the k‐nearest neighbor (KNN) imputation technique in terms of error and accuracy under different missing data percentages and missingness mechanisms in four software engineering data sets. The results suggest that the proposed fuzzy CBR technique outperformed KNN in terms of imputation error and accuracy regardless of the missing data percentage, missingness mechanism, and data set used. Moreover, we found that the missingness mechanism has an important impact on the performance of both techniques. The results are encouraging in the sense that using an imputation technique designed for both categorical and numerical data is better than reusing methods originally designed for numerical data.
Microstate counting via Bethe Ansätze in the 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 superconformal index
Authors: Lezcano Alfredo González , Pando Zayas Leopoldo A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We study the superconfomal index of four-dimensional toric quiver gauge theories using a Bethe Ansatz approach recently applied by Benini and Milan. Relying on a particular set of solutions to the corresponding Bethe Ansatz equations we evaluate the superconformal index in the large N limit, thus avoiding to take any Cardy-like limit. We present explicit results for theories arising as a stack of N D3 branes at the tip of toric Calabi-Yau cones: the conifold theory, the suspended pinch point gauge theory, the first del Pezzo theory and Yp,q quiver gauge theories. For a suitable choice of the chemical potentials of the theory we find agreement with predictions made for the same theories in the Cardy-like limit. However, for other regions of the domain of chemical potentials the superconformal index is modified and consequently the associated black hole entropy receives corrections. We work out explicitly the simple case of the conifold theory.
Facet Wedge: eine minimalinvasive Technik zur dorsalen segmentalen intraartikulären Fusion
Authors: Mehren Christoph , Sauer Daniel , Würtinger Christoph , Korge Andreas 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Operationsziel
Minimalinvasive posteriore segmentale Instrumentation und intraartikuläre Fusion mit dem Facet Wedge.

Indikationen
Sämtliche Fusionsindikationen bei degenerativen Bandscheibenerkrankungen ohne nennenswerte translatorische Instabilität, Postnukleotomiesyndrom, Spondylarthrose, Diszitis.

Kontraindikationen
Translatorische Instabilitäten, Zustand nach Dekompression mit partieller Facettengelenkresektion, Spondylolyse im betroffenen Segment.

Operationstechnik
Über einen 3 cm langen Hautschnitt stumpfes transmuskuläres Eingehen auf das entsprechende Facettengelenk L1/2 bis L5/S1. Eröffnen der Gelenkkapsel und Darstellen des Gelenkspaltes. Entknorpelung der Gelenkflächen und Implantation eines Facet-Wedge-Implantates intraartikulär. Fixation des Implantats durch 2 winkelstabil eingebrachte Schrauben in den entsprechenden Facettengelenkanteilen.

Weiterbehandlung
Frühmobilisation nach Abklingen der Narkose unter Thromboseprophylaxe. Tragen einer rumpfstabilisierenden Orthese je nach Art und Ausdehnung des Eingriffes bis zu 12 Wochen. Keine Einschränkung bezüglich Gehstrecke, Stehen und Sitzen unmittelbar postoperativ nach Schmerzvorgabe.

Ergebnisse
Es wurden 27 Patienten im Zeitraum von 02/2015 bis 9/2017 mit insgesamt 31 versorgten Segmenten in die prospektive nicht randomisierte Studie eingeschlossen. Das Durchschnittsalter betrug 51,2 Jahre (30 bis 76). In 23 Fällen wurde eine ventrodorsale Operationstechnik verwendet, in 4 Fällen ein rein dorsales Vorgehen mit Interposition eines intervertebralen Cages. Das Follow-up betrug 2 Jahre. Der Oswestry-Score (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI]) verbesserte sich von durchschnittlich präoperativ 40,6 % auf 16,6 % postoperativ. Die visuelle Analogskala (VAS) bezüglich des Rückenschmerzes verbesserte sich von präoperativ 6,7 im Durchschnitt auf 2,1 im 2‑Jahres-Follow-up. Im Rahmen dieses Beobachtungszeitraumes wurden 2 implantatspezifische Komplikationen beobachtet. Ein Facet Wedge musste aufgrund einer Fehlpositionierung mit frühzeitiger Lockerung revidiert werden. In einem weiteren Fall kam es zu einem Korrekturverlust bei einer präoperativ bestehenden erstgradigen Spondylolisthese mit Revision auf ein dorsales Schrauben-Stab-System.
Erfolgreiche Rituximabtherapie des Rezidivs einer Glomerulonephritis assoziiert mit Antikörpern gegen die glomeruläre Basalmembran
Authors: Chittka D. , Lennartz L. , Jung B. , Banas B. , Bergler T. 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungEs wird über die erfolgreiche Behandlung des Rezidivs einer Anti-GBM-Erkrankung (assoziiert mit Antikörpern gegen die glomeruläre Basalmembran [GBM]) mittels Rituximab bei einem 17-jährigen Patienten berichtet. Die Nierenbiopsie mit Nachweis einer linearen Immunglobulin-G-Ablagerung entlang der Basalmembran stellt den Goldstandard dar, der von serologischen Analysen begleitet wird. Standardassays zur Anti-GBM-Bestimmung weisen hohe Raten an falsch-negativen Befunden auf. Eine Zunahme der Proteinurie trotz Standardtherapie mit Plasmapherese, Steroid und Cyclophosphamid war das klinische Korrelat des Erkrankungsrezidivs. Rituximab führte zu einer vollständigen Ausheilung.
Flavor stability assessment of lager beer: what we can learn by comparing established methods
Authors: Lehnhardt Florian , Becker Thomas , Gastl Martina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBeer is prone to flavor changes during aging that influence consumer acceptance within shelf life. The shelf life of beer is defined as the period over which flavor changes remain acceptable. Assessment of flavor changes caused by volatiles is typically achieved with a combination of sensory evaluation and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Volatile indicators causing flavor changes during beer aging are commonly determined with headspace solid–phase microextraction (HS-SPME), solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE), or steam distillation (SD). However, discrepancies occur when comparing results from different analytical methods that affect the assessment of the degree of flavor stability. This article discusses the effect of different established analytical methods on flavor stability assessment. Reaction potentials of de novo formation, release from adducts, and degradation are hypothesized to participate in the observed discrepancies, and evidence is verified using model systems. Three extraction methods were qualitatively compared by multiple gas chromatography–olfactometry experiments (GC–O) of a one-year, naturally aged, pale lager beer. SD showed the highest number of detected aroma compounds (41), followed by HS-SPME (33), and SAFE (26). Aroma intensities for SD were more pronounced for most aging indicators than with other methods. With SAFE, only 11 aging compounds could be identified confidently, with weak aroma intensities at GC–O, and this method was thereby excluded from further experiments. Certain aging compounds were calibrated for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) from HS-SPME and SD, although most compounds were present at the lower limits of detection and quantification. Relative standard deviation and recoveries for all compounds were acceptable for both methods. Quantitative comparison was conducted for four different commercial pale lager beers at different stages of aging at 20 °C (fresh, 5 months, 10 months). Aging-related changes of pale lager beer presented with altered profiles and behavior in SD compared to the non-invasive HS-SPME due to heat intake, and were borne out by GC–O results. Model systems were used to describe the impact of isolated aging-relevant mechanisms and precursors during distillation. Our findings suggest that results from different methods in reactive matrices should be compared cautiously, especially regarding aroma activity, and indicate that the most gentle or non-invasive method should be applied for analysis.
Mortality of Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Trauma Patients: A Systematic Review over a Period of Four Decades
Authors: Birkner Dorothea Rebekka , Halvachizadeh Sascha , Pape Hans‐Christoph , Pfeifer Roman 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In addition, its aetiologies are heterogeneous, and the outcome depends on the underlying cause. In trauma care, changes in diagnostics, management and treatment may influence the outcome of posttraumatic ARDS over time, which are attributable to geographic distribution, relate to the definition used and depend on the injury severity.MethodsWe selected studies by searching PubMed using the MeSH terms “acute respiratory distress syndrome”, “mortality” and “trauma” and all their combinations. Studies that reported mortality rates for polytrauma patients with ARDS were included. We excluded studies with selected population collectives (e.g. burn patients, isolated thoracic trauma and paediatric trauma) and non‐trauma studies. Studies were stratified according to the recruitment year of patients into Decade 1 (prior 1990), Decade 2(1990–1999), Decade 3 (2000–2009) and Decade 4 (later 2009); geographic location (North America or Europe), the definition used in the different studies (American European Consensus Conference (AECC) definition or Berlin definition) and the mean injury severity of the patient populations, respectively.ResultsTwenty‐three studies between 1 January 1980 and 30 June 2018 were included in the analysis (486,861 patients, 52,561 with posttraumatic ARDS). There was a wide variation in mortality rates among the studies (4–39%). The overall pooled mean mortality rate for all studies was 21.8%, SD ± 8.3%. The mean mortality over the last four decades was similar between decade 1 (25.8%), decade 2 (20.6%), decade 3 (20.7%) and decade 4 (22.5%). Geographical observations comparing Europe and North America revealed no difference [Europe (22.1%) and North America (21.7%)]. The ARDS mortality in publications using the Berlin definition (23%) was comparable to the mortality rate in publications using the AECC definition (22.9%). The mortality rate based on the injury severity showed no alteration (ISS ≤ 25 points, 22.6%, ISS > 25 points, 22.6%).ConclusionIn this systematic review, there was no change in the mortality rate over the last four decades, no geographical difference within Western societies, no dependence on the ARDS definition used and no association with injury severity, respectively.
Biologika und „small molecules“ bei der rheumatoiden Arthritis
Authors: Blüml Stephan 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Therapie der rheumatoiden Arthritis hat in den letzten Jahren gewaltige Umbrüche erfahren. Es steht mittlerweile ein großes Armamentarium an verschiedensten Medikamenten mit unterschiedlichen molekularen Angriffspunkten zur Verfügung. Zu diesen neuen Waffen zählen die Biologika (biologische DMARDs [bDMARDs; „disease modifying antirheumatic drugs“]) und die „targeted synthetic DMARDs“ (tsDMARDs). Gemeinsam ist diesen neueren Therapien für die rheumatoide Arthritis, dass man im Unterschied zu den konventionellen DMARDs die molekularen Angriffspunkte kennt. Mithilfe der neuen Medikamente kann den meisten Patienten geholfen werden, obwohl es nach wie vor Patienten gibt, die auf alle vorhandenen Therapien nicht adäquat reagieren. In diesem Review soll ein kurzer Überblick über die derzeitig verfügbaren und wirksamen Präparate für die Behandlung der rheumatoiden Arthritis gegeben werden.
Winter peaks in web-based public inquiry into epistaxis
Authors: Liu David Tianxiang , Besser Gerold , Parzefall Thomas , Riss Dominik , Mueller Christian A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Epistaxis represents the most frequent ear, nose, throat-related emergency symptom. Seasonal variation in epistaxis incidence, with peaks during winter months, is widely accepted, although the literature itself remains inconclusive. The objective of this study was to evaluate public inquiry into nose bleeding, by considering Google-based search query frequency on “Epistaxis”-related search terms and to assess possible seasonal variations globally.

Methods
Epistaxis-related search terms were systematically collected and compared using Google Trends (GT). Relative search volumes for the most relevant epistaxis-related terms, covering a timeframe from 2004 to 2019 were analysed using cosinor time series analysis for the United States of America, Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.

Results
Graphical representation revealed seasonal variations with peaks during winter months in the majority of countries included. Subsequent cosinor analysis revealed these variations to be significant (all p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Public interest in seeking epistaxis-related information through the Internet displayed seasonal patterns in countries from both hemispheres, with the highest interest during winter months. Further studies exploring causality with environmental factors are warranted.
Exercise intensity prescription in cancer survivors: ventilatory and lactate thresholds are useful submaximal alternatives to VO2peak
Authors: Schneider Justine , Schlüter Kathrin , Sprave Tanja , Wiskemann Joachim , Rosenberger Friederike 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurposeMost studies with cancer survivors use percentages of peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) for intensity prescription. Lactate or ventilatory thresholds might be useful submaximal alternatives, but this has never been investigated. Therefore, we aimed at comparing three training sessions prescribed using %VO2peak(reference), lactate thresholds, and ventilatory thresholds in terms of meeting the vigorous-intensity zone, physiological, and psychological responses.MethodsTwenty breast (58 ± 10 years) and 20 prostate cancer survivors (68 ± 6 years), 3.6 ± 2.4 months after primary therapy, completed a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test and three vigorous training sessions in randomized order: 38 min of cycling at 70% VO2peak(M-VO2peak), 97% of individual anaerobic lactate threshold (M-IAT), and 67% between ventilatory thresholds 1 and 2 (M-VT). Heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (bLa), perceived exertion, and enjoyment were assessed.ResultsCancer survivors exercised at 75 ± 23, 85 ± 18, and 79 ± 19 W during M-VO2peak, M-IAT, and M-VT (p > .05). Sessions could not be completed in 3, 8, and 6 cases. Session completers showed HR of 82 ± 7, 83 ± 9, and 84 ± 8 %HRpeakand bLa of 3.7 ± 1.9, 3.9 ± 0.9, and 3.9 ± 1.5 mmol·l−1, which was not different between sessions (p > .05). However, variance in bLa was lower in M-IAT compared to M-VO2peak(p = .001) and to M-VT (p = .022).ConclusionAll intensity prescription methods on average met the targeted intensity zone. Metabolic response was most homogeneous when using lactate thresholds.Implications for cancer survivorsSubmaximal thresholds are at least as useful as VO2peakfor intensity prescription in cancer survivors. Overall, slightly lower percentages should be chosen to improve durability of the training sessions.