bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Load and resistance factors for prestressed concrete girder bridges
Authors: Nowak Andrzej S. , Iatsko Olga 
Published: October 2020

There has been a considerable progress in the reliability-based code development procedures. The load and resistance factors in the AASHTO bridge design code were determined using the statistical parameters from the 1970's and early 1980’s. Load and resistance factors were determined by first fixing the load factors and then calculating resistance factors. Load factors were selected so that the factored load corresponds to two standard deviations from the mean value and the resistance factors were calculated so that the reliability index is close to the target value. However, from the theoretical point of view, the load and resistance factors are to be determined as coordinates of the so-called “design point” that corresponds to less than two standard deviations from the mean. Therefore, the optimum load and resistance factors are about 10% lower than what is in the AASHTO LRFD Code. The objective of this paper is to revisit the original calibration and recalculate the load and resistance factors as coordinates of the “design point” for prestressed concrete girder bridges. The recommended new load and resistance factors provide a consistent reliability and a rational safety margin.
The experimental investigation of the failure of load-bearing masonry walls supported by a deflecting structure
Authors: Piekarczyk Adam 
Published: October 2020

The paper presents selected results of tests of full-scale masonry walls linearly supported on a deflecting beam. The walls with thin bed joints and unfilled head joints were 4.55 m long and 2.45 m high, and were made of group 1 calcium silicate masonry units. The tests included walls with and without openings. The tests were carried out in a specially designated and constructed test stand, which allowed simultaneous vertical load on the upper edge of the wall and vertical deflection of the beam supporting this wall. During the test, measurements of mutual displacements of six points on the wall surface were carried out. On both faces of masonry specimens, the changes of the length of the measuring bases connecting these six points were recorded. Walls without openings were detached from the central part of the supporting beam at a deflection not exceeding 2 mm. Walls with one door opening also cracked at an early stage of tests. In this case, a detachment from the supporting beam and cracking at the ends of the lintel occurred because of the rotation of the pillars connected by the lintel above the opening. In walls with two door openings, first cracks were formed at the ends of lintels due to the rotation of pillars with a small deflection of the supporting beam, less than 3 mm. Whereas, in walls with door and window openings, first cracks occurred under the window and at the end of the lintel in the outer pillar of the wall.
The Influence Of Organizational Learning On Performance: A Comprehensive Approach
Authors: Schreder Christoph 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the research project is to develop a model of the linkages between human resource management, organizational learning and organizational performance to test the assumptions and to analyze the correlations in order to substantiate or falsify the original model and to draw respective conclusions for relevant stakeholders in business enterprises as well as to give suggestions for further research in the field.
Main theoretical approaches to the impact of organizational learning and human resource management on organizational performance, main approaches to the measurement of organizational performance, the derivation of the definitions of the central theoretical concepts, namely organizational learning, human resource management, organizational performance, and business enterprise, tailor-made for the use in the current study, and open questions in existing literature as starting point for the research are shown.
The research hypotheses that organizational learning positively influences organizational performance et vice versa, that human resource management positively influences organizational learning, and that human resource management positively influences organizational performance directly are developed and the research model is conceptualized, operationalized, and visualized via the resulting theoretical scheme. Also, the development of the research methodology, design, and the selection of research methods is being undertaken, and the data gathering process via pre-study and electronic survey about the interdependencies between the theoretical constructs involved in the research hypotheses are described. The data analysis on the electronic survey about the items influencing the interdependencies between theoretical constructs of human resource management, organizational learning, and organizational performance takes place starting with a factor analysis and based on it the research scheme is being adapted into an evidence-based research model which is analyzed via different descriptive statistical methods, i.e. hierarchical and multiple regression analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling.
Main conclusions include that: organizational performance cannot be seen as a holistic concept incorporating the end results of all the organization’s work processes and activities directed at lasting competitive advantage, but has to be divided into two separated concepts. The second part of the main hypothesis that organizational learning positively influences organizational performance in terms of non-financial variables regarding general competitiveness and human resource performance also can be substantiated.
Human resource managers can use the findings as reference for future strategic orientation of organizations as well as derive specific implementation measures from it.
Polska refleksja o muzyce w kinie dźwiękowym w latach trzydziestych XX wieku. Główne idee i perspektywy badawcze w muzykologii
Authors: Lindstedt Iwona 
Published: October 2020

Pierwsze świadectwa refleksji na temat rozbrzmiewającej wprost z ekranu muzyki pojawiły się w Polsce jeszcze przed premierą pierwszego rodzimego filmu dźwiękowego (Moralność pani Dulskiej, 1930). Problematyka ta obecna była w różnego typu czasopiśmiennictwie, przybierała różnorodne formy, a autorami poszczególnych wypowiedzi byli zarówno publicyści, jak i aktywni twórczo przedstawiciele środowiska filmowego i muzycznego.
Już pod koniec lat 20. dostrzeżono (Kamieński, Dembiński) olbrzymi potencjał rozwojowy „kinomuzyki” oraz potrzebę ścisłej synchronizacji ilustracji muzycznej z akcją filmu. Po prezentacji muzyki filmowej na festiwalu muzycznym w Baden-Baden (1929) dokonano też próby systematycznego uporządkowania typów pierwszych dźwiękowców (Stromenger).
W latach 30. o filmie dźwiękowym kilkakrotnie wypowiadał się Mateusz Gliński dając przegląd jego obecnej kondycji oraz kreśląc wizję możliwych dróg jego ewolucji wiodących ku stworzeniu nowej, syntetycznej formy sztuki łączącej dźwięk i ruch. Dyskusję nad problemem całościowej dźwiękowości filmu podejmowali też inni publicyści (m.in. Zahorska, Fryd, Braun), filmowcy (Bohdziewicz) i kompozytorzy (Rathaus). Idealnym wzorcem takiej syntezy były dla nich zwykle filmy rysunkowe oraz dzieła René Claire’a. W ujęciu Rathausa natomiast wizja sztuki łączenia obrazu, dźwięku i muzyki w optyczno-akustyczną jedność związana była z ideałem „filmu dźwiękowego z ducha muzyki”.
W rodzimej refleksji nad filmem dźwiękowym obecne były także wątki psychologizujące (m.in. Czermiński i Furmanik), które dotyczyły roli muzyki w doznawaniu utworu filmowego przez widza-słuchacza. Najszersze i najbardziej wnikliwe ujęcia problematyki muzycznej w filmie wyszły natomiast spod pióra Mariana Neuteicha i Zofii Lissy w 1937 roku. Obydwoje pojmowali film dźwiękowy jako syntetyczną formę sztuki odwołującej się do sfery wzroku i słuchu, a szczególną uwagę poświęcili funkcjom muzyki w stosunku do obrazu oraz jej związkom z innymi elementami dźwiękowymi filmu. Lissa dokonała przy tym pełnej systematyzacji funkcji sfery akustycznej w filmie oraz rozpatrzyła szereg zagadnień szczegółowych, w tym kwestię funkcjonowania muzyki nowoczesnej w kinie. Z kolei wypowiedzi twórców muzyki do polskich filmów (m.in. Maklakiewicz i Laks) dotyczyły zwykle specyfiki takiego zadania oraz stawiały postulat udziału kompozytora w pracy nad filmem już od momentu opracowywania scenariusza, dostrzegany także przez publicystów.
Wszystkie powyższe źródła stanowią niewątpliwie cenny materiał do badań w zakresie filmowo zorientowanej muzykologii obejmujących m.in. problemy stylistyczne, gatunkowe i funkcjonalne, „filmowe biografie” polskich kompozytorów czy też badanie polskiej muzyki filmowej jako „muzyki współczesnej”.
Etnomuzykologia na przełomie tysiącleci: historia, teoria, metodologia / Етномузикологія на зламі тисячоліть: історія, теорія, методологія), red. Zbigniew Jerzy Przerembski, Wrocław 2015
Authors: Dorosz Piotr 
Published: October 2020

Recenzja książki: Etnomuzykologia na przełomie tysiącleci: historia, teoria, metodologia / Етномузикологія на зламі тисячоліть: історія, теорія, методологія), red. Zbigniew Jerzy Przerembski, Wrocław 2015
Marta Wesołowska, Muzyka i muzyczność prozy japońskiej okresu Heian (794–1192), Warszawa 2016
Authors: Bednarczyk Adam 
Published: October 2020

Recenzja książki: Marta Wesołowska, Muzyka i muzyczność prozy japońskiej okresu Heian (794–1192), Warszawa 2016
Zygmunt Mycielski – Andrzej Panufnik: Korespondencja. Część 1: lata 1949–1969, opracowanie, wstęp i komentarze / ed., introduction and comments Beata Bolesławska-Lewandowska, Warszawa 2016
Authors: Szymańska-Stułka Katarzyna 
Published: October 2020

Recenzja książki: Zygmunt Mycielski – Andrzej Panufnik: Korespondencja. Część 1: lata 1949–1969, opracowanie, wstęp i komentarze / ed., introduction and comments Beata Bolesławska-Lewandowska, Warszawa 2016
Andrzej Mądro, Muzyka a nowe media. Polska twórczość elektroakustyczna przełomu XX i XXI wieku, Kraków 2017
Authors: Dziewanowska-Pachowska Marta 
Published: October 2020

Recenzja książki: Andrzej Mądro, Muzyka a nowe media. Polska twórczość elektroakustyczna przełomu XX i XXI wieku, Kraków 2017
Fiscal Policy and Stock Market Development in an Emerging West African Economy
Authors: Nwakobi Dr. Paschal Chikwado , Ananwude Amalachukwu , Umezurike Chinedu Maurice 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: This article presents a study on the effect of fiscal policy on stock market development in an emerging West African economy with an emphasis on Nigeria for the period of 1986 to 2018. Specifically, we evaluated the effect of fiscal deficit on all share index including government total expenditure on market capitalization ratio, the value of stock traded, and turnover ratio using data from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE).
Methods: The Auto-regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) was the estimation technique employed in ascertaining the nature of the short-run relationship between fiscal policy and stock market development indices, whereas the effect of fiscal policy on stock market development was actualized under the granger causality analysis.
Results: The result of the analysis revealed that fiscal deficit has no significant effect on all share index; government total expenditure has no significant effect on stock market capitalization ratio; government total expenditure has a significant effect on the value of stock traded ratio; government total expenditure has no significant effect on the stock market turnover ratio.
Implication: Government should implement its fiscal policies to carefully accommodate the development of the stock market, as changes in fiscal policy affect the overall activities in the market and ultimately the economy.
Multimessenger Constraints on Intergalactic Magnetic Fields from the Flare of TXS 0506+056
Authors: Batista Rafael Alves , Saveliev Andrey 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The origin of magnetic fields in the universe is an open problem. Seed magnetic fields possibly produced in early times may have survived up to the present day close to their original form, providing an untapped window to the primeval universe. The recent observations of high-energy neutrinos from the blazar TXS 0506+056 in association with an electromagnetic counterpart in a broad range of wavelengths can be used to probe intergalactic magnetic fields via the time delay between the neutrinos and gamma-rays as well as the time dependence of the gamma-ray fluxes. Using extensive three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations, we constrain both the magnetic-field strength and, for the first time, its coherence length, considering six orders of magnitude for each.
An Earth-like Stellar Wind Environment for Proxima Centauri c
Authors: Alvarado-Gómez Julián D. , Drake Jeremy J. , Garraffo Cecilia , Cohen Ofer , Poppenhaeger Katja , Yadav Rakesh K. , Moschou Sofia P. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A new planet has been recently discovered around Proxima Centauri. With an orbital separation of ∼1.44 au and a minimum mass of about

, Proxima c is a prime direct imaging target for atmospheric characterization. The latter can only be performed with a good understanding of the space environment of the planet, as multiple processes can have profound effects on the atmospheric structure and evolution. Here, we take one step in this direction by generating physically realistic numerical simulations of Proxima’s stellar wind, coupled to a magnetosphere and ionosphere model around Proxima c. We evaluate their expected variation due to the magnetic cycle of the host star, as well as for plausible inclination angles for the exoplanet orbit. Our results indicate stellar wind dynamic pressures comparable to present-day Earth, with a slight increase (by a factor of 2) during high-activity periods of the star. A relatively weak interplanetary magnetic field at the distance of Proxima c leads to negligible stellar wind Joule heating of the upper atmosphere (about 10% of the solar wind contribution on Earth) for an Earth-like planetary magnetic field (0.3 G). Finally, we provide an assessment of the likely extreme conditions experienced by the exoplanet candidate Proxima d, tentatively located at 0.029 au with a minimum mass of 0.29 M
⊕.
A Disk-driven Resonance as the Origin of High Inclinations of Close-in Planets
Authors: Petrovich Cristobal , Muñoz Diego J. , Kratter Kaitlin M. , Malhotra Renu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The recent characterization of transiting close-in planets has revealed an intriguing population of sub-Neptunes with highly tilted and even polar orbits relative to their host star’s equator. Any viable theory for the origin of these close-in, polar planets must explain (1) the observed stellar obliquities, (2) the substantial eccentricities, and (3) the existence of Jovian companions with large mutual inclinations. In this work, we propose a theoretical model that satisfies these requirements without invoking tidal dissipation or large primordial inclinations. Instead, tilting is facilitated by the protoplanetary disk dispersal during the late stage of planet formation, initiating a process of resonance sweeping and parametric instability. This mechanism consists of two steps. First, a nodal secular resonance excites the inclination to large values; then, once the inclination reaches a critical value, a linear eccentric instability is triggered, which detunes the resonance and ends inclination growth. The critical inclination is pushed to high values by general relativistic precession, making polar orbits an inherently post-Newtonian outcome. Our model predicts that polar, close-in sub-Neptunes coexist with cold Jupiters in low stellar obliquity orbits.
Single-hemisphere Dynamos in M-dwarf Stars
Authors: Brown Benjamin P. , Oishi Jeffrey S. , Vasil Geoffrey M. , Lecoanet Daniel , Burns Keaton J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
M-dwarf stars below a certain mass are convective from their cores to their photospheres. These fully convective objects are extremely numerous, very magnetically active, and the likely hosts of many exoplanets. Here we study, for the first time, dynamo action in simulations of stratified, rotating, fully convective M-dwarf stars. Importantly, we use new techniques to capture the correct full ball geometry down to the center of the star. We find surprising dynamo states in these systems, with the global-scale mean fields confined strongly to a single hemisphere, in contrast to prior stellar dynamo solutions. These hemispheric-dynamo stars are likely to have profoundly different interactions with their surroundings, with important implications for exoplanet habitability and stellar spindown.
Echocardiographic predictors for stress induced right ventricular diastolic dysfunction in non-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Cherneva Zheyna , Cherneva Radostina 
Published: October 2020

Background: Pulmonary vasculopathy, right heart structural and functional abnormalities occur even in normoxemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Despite of being associated with functional limitation, exacerbations and disease progression, their detection and proper management is still delayed. Aim: Our aim was to establish the frequency of stress induced right ventricular diastolic dysfunction (RVDD) in non-severe COPD patients, free of clinically overt cardiovascular diseases (ischaemic heart disease, heart failure, uncontrolled arterial hypertension), who complain of exertional dyspnea and to look for echocardiographic predictors of it. Materials and method: We applied cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in 104 non-severe, COPD patients. A ramp protocol was performed. Echocardiography was done before and 1-2 minutes after peak exercise. Cut-off values for stress induced RVDD were right ventricular (RV) E/e’ ratio > 6, measured by PWD of the tricuspid valve. Receiver operating curves were constructed for echo parameters at rest to determine if any of them may discriminate stress induced RV E/e’ > 6 or &лt; 6. Uni- and multivariable linear regression analysis was also performed to assess the predictive power of each of them. Results: 78% of the patients had stress induced RVDD. RAVI (cut-off > 20.55 ml/m2; sensitivity – 86%; speciﬁ city – 86%), RVWT (cut-off > 5.25 mm; sensitivity – 100%; speciﬁ city – 63%) and RV E/A ratio at rest (cut-off > 1.05; sensitivity – 79.7%; speciﬁ city – 90.5%) were the best predictors of stress RV E/e. In univariate regression analysis RV E/A showed the highest OR 19.73; (95% CI – 18.52-21.01); followed by RAVI – OR 3.82; (95% CI – 2.04-7.14). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of stress induced RVDD in non-severe COPD patients with exertional dyspnea, free of overt cardiovascular disease. RAVI, RVWT, RV E/A and RV E/e’ ratio at rest may be used as predictors for stress RVDD and may facilitate patients’ risk stratiﬁ cation and proper management.
Effectiveness and safety of balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in newborns and infants
Authors: Nenova Kiparisiya , Kaneva-Nencheva Anna , Levunlieva Elisaveta , Dimitrov Lyubomir , Tzonzarova Margarita 
Published: October 2020

Balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPVP) is the procedure of choice for the treatment of isolated pulmonary valve stenosis. Complications and failure of the procedure are more common in newborns and infants. Aim: To establish the effectiveness and safety of BPVP in newborns and infants. Material and methods: Ninety-one infants (11 newborns) with isolated pulmonary valve stenosis and mean age 171 ± 115 days were catheterized for BPVP between October 1986 and December 2016. BPVP was performed in 86 infants with a balloon catheter size 127±16% from the annulus dimension. The effectiveness (gradient right ventricle (RV) – pulmonary artery (PA) ≤ 35 mm Hg) and safety (lack of life–threatening complications, emergency surgery or death) of the procedure were assessed. Results: Transvalvular pressure gradient decreased from 82 ± 29 mm Hg to 29 ± 24 mm Hg (р = 0,0001) and RV pressure - from 101 ± 28 mm Hg to 52 ± 24 mm Hg (p = 0,0001). BPVP was effective in 61 infants (70,9%), mainly in those with lower initial gradient, RV pressure and less signiﬁ cant infundibular obstruction. There were no children with hemodynamically signiﬁ cant postprocedural pulmonary insufﬁ ciency. Complications were observed in 16 of the infants catheterized for BPVP (17,6%). In 5 of the children (5,5%), minor (transient) complications arose and were overcome by conservative means. Major complications were observed in 11 infants (12,1%): rhythm and conductive disorders (critical bradycardia, supraventricular/ventricular tachycardia, complete atrioventricular block) in 6 children, hemopericardium or severe right ventricular outﬂ ow tract rupture – in 5. The evolution was favorable after intensive treatment in 6 children with major complications, two children were sent for emergency surgery (2,2%) and death occurred in 3 of the children associated with the procedure (3,3%). The procedure was interrupted and BPVP was not performed in ﬁ ve of the catheterized children (5,5%), all with severely dysplastic valve. Conclusion: BPVP is effective and comparatively safe procedure under the age of 1 year. Newborns, children with severely dysplastic valve and suprasystemic RV pressure are the most at-risk.
Is left main percutaneous coronary intervention justified in the presence of concomitant complex coronary artery disease – immediate and remote results – single Bulgarian center experience
Authors: Zheleva-Kyuchukova Ivayla , Gelev Valeri 
Published: October 2020

Revascularization in patients with severe stenosis of left coronary artery (LCAS) trunk signiﬁ cantly improves their prognosis. Modern clinical studies, registries and meta-analyses have identiﬁ ed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of LCAS as a safe alternative to aorto-coronary bypass (ACB) in patients with low and intermediate lesion complexity. Aims: To conﬁ rm the safety and effectiveness of PCI and implantation of second generation drug eluting stent (DES) in patients with unprotected LCAS and concomitant complex coronary pathology. Material and Methods: For the period March 2013–October 2018 we performed 225 PCIs of patients with LCAS. 170 of patients who received PCI were divided into 2 groups, according to their SS-1 (ST elevation excluded). We analyzed the major adverse cardio-vascular events (MACE – all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, stroke and ischemia driven TLR) rate and time-to-ﬁ rst MACE during follow up. Results: 103 patients had SS-I < 32 and 67 patients had SS-I ≥ 32 and their mean age was 67,25 ± 11,03. The median follow-up was 26,6 ± 19,1 months. MACE rate was 12,4% and there was no signiﬁ cance between groups (p = 0,118). Conclusions: PCI of unprotected LCAS has high procedural success rate and good mid-term results, even in pts with complex anatomy. High anatomical complexity of coronary lesions deﬁ ned by SS-I ≥ 32 is not predictive for poor clinical outcome after PCI.