bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction of Light Filth from Oriental Fish Products Containing Spice: Collaborative Study
Authors: Glaze Larry E ,   Collaborators:, Davis W , Floyd D M , Graham C R , Nagy J K , Olson R E , Palau J , Spurlock L F , Sumner W A , VanVelzen W T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted to validate a new method for the extraction of light filth from oriental fish products containing spice. A100 g test portion is digested by boiling in a mixture of HCI, Igepal DM-710, and CO-730. Light filth is isolated by wetsieving on a No. 230 plain-weave sieve with Tergitol, deaeration boiling in 40% isopropanol, and extracting with mineral oil-heptane (85 + 15) and 40% isopropanol in a Wildman trap flask. Three spiking levels for rat hairs and insect fragments were used in the study. For rat hairs, recoveries at the low, medium, and high levels averaged 80.0,71.6, and 88.0%, respectively. Recoveries of insect fragments for low, medium, and high levels averaged 87.8,83.7, and 89.4%, respectively. The method was adopted first action by AOAC International.
Sugars, Alcohols, and Hydroxymethylfurfural in Authentic Varietal and Commercial Grape Juices
Authors: Fuleki Tibor , Pelayo Estela 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The quantity of fructose, glucose, and sucrose present in authentic varietal grape juices produced by cold and/or hot pressing from 56 cultivars was determined by liquid chromatography for the 1988 and 1989 seasons. The concentration of fructose, glucose, and sucrose and the fructose:glucose ratio ranged from 5.97 to 10.92, 4.91 to 9.99, trace to 1.04 g/100 mL, and 0.92 to 1.41, respectively. Sorbitol and hydroxymethylfurfural were not detected in the authentic grape juices. Genotype had no significant effect on the fructose and glucose contents. The labrusca-type cultivar group was significantly higher in the sucrose concentration and fructose.glucose ratio than either the vinifera or the French hybrid groups. The pressing method had no significant effect on the sugar composition. The glucose, fructose, total sugar, and total soluble solids contents were significantly higher in the juices from the warmer and sunnier 1988 season. The total sugar contents correlated highly with total soluble solids, but the latter averaged 1.81 units more than the former. Most commercial grape juices had a composition similar to that of the authentic juices, except that they had only traces of sucrose. Also, most commercial grape juices contained measurable quantities of ethanol, glycerol, and hydroxymethylfurfural.
Determination of Organic Pollutants in Reagent Water by Liquid-Solid Extraction Followed by Supercritical Fluid Elution
Authors: Tang Peter H , Ho James S , Eichelberger James W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A selected group of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, and phthalate esters in reagent water containing no particulate matter were separated and identified by liquid-solid extraction and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). The water sample is first passed through a cartridge or disk containing a solid matrix coated with a chemically bonded C18 organic phase capable of extracting those organic compounds. The cartridge or the disk is then eluted with supercritical carbon dioxide to remove the compounds from the sorbent. Finally, the extract is injected into a capillary column gas chromatographic/quadruple mass spectrometric system. The precisions, percent recoveries of analytes using solvent elution, and percent recoveries using SFE are compared. The total analysis time is greatly reduced by using disk extraction and SFE in place of cartridge extraction and liquid-solvent elution. In addition, the waste solvent generated was minimized by using SFE.
Study of the Reproducibility Characteristics of a Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Determination of Fumonisins B1 and B2 in Corn: IUPAC Collaborative Study
Authors: Thiel Pieter G , Sydenham Eric W , Shephard Gordon S , Van Schalkwyk Dirk J ,   Participants:, Casper H H , Gilbert J , Ishii K , Norred W P , Ross P F , Stack M E , Stockenström S , Trinder D W , Egmond HP. van , Viljoen C C , Visconti A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An interlaboratory study of the reproducibility characteristics of a liquid chromatographic method for the determination of fumonisins B1 and B2 in corn was conducted in 11 laboratories in the United States, South Africa, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, and The Netherlands. Each laboratory was supplied with 12 coded, blind duplicates of 6 samples of naturally contaminated corn containing different amounts of fumonisins B1 and B2 . Samples are extracted with methanol-water (3 + 1), extracts are centrifuged, and supernatants are cleaned up on strong-anion-exchange cartridges, which were supplied to participants. Solutions are derivatized with o-phthaldialdehyde, and individual fumonisins are determined by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Quantitation is by comparison with the supplied fumonisin standards. The within-laboratory repeatability was determined by statistical analysis of data after exclusion of outliers. Relative standard deviations for within-laboratory repeatability varied from 7.7 to 25.5% for fumonisin B1 at concentrations between 200 and 2000 ng/g and from 12.5 to 36.8% for fumonisin B2 at concentrations between 70 and 740 ng/g. Relative standard deviations for betweenlaboratory reproducibility varied from 18.0 to 26.7% for fumonisin B1 and from 28.0 to 45.6% for fumonisin B2 at the concentrations mentioned above. These measures of variability indicate that the method is suitable for adoption as an official method provided that the accuracy characteristics are verified collaboratively.
Adsorptive-Stripping Determination of Sulfamethazine in Milk
Authors: Ng Wing-Yan , Wong Siu-Kay 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A cleanup procedure is described for the determination of sulfamethazine in milk. The residue is diazotized and coupled with 1-naphthol. The diazotized sulfamethazine (SMZ) is accumulated on a mercury electrode by electrochemical adsorption and is then stripped cathodically. This method determines SMZ quantitatively at low parts-per-billion levels.
Improved Method for Determination of Sulfites in Shrimp
Authors: Armentia-Alvarez Arantza , Peña-Egedo M Jesus , Garcia-Moreno Concepcion 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method for the determination of sulfites in shrimp developed by Kim and Kim and modified by Paino-Campa et al. for sausages has been further modified. Total sulfites are extracted by initially adding aluminum oxide to the sample and using an extraction solution at pH 12. In the reproducibility assays, coefficients of variation (CVs) were 4.8% for free sulfite and 7.8% for total sulfite in the edible part of the shrimp. In the inedible part, CVs were 7.5% and 8.9% for free and total sulfite, respectively. Mean recovery was 87.8% for the edible part and 84.4% for the inedible part of the shrimp. The method was compared with the optimized Monier- Williams method. The results obtained with both methods for determination of total SO2 in the edible part of the shrimp did not show significant differences (P= 0.05).
Determination of Traces of Silicone Defoamer in Fruit Juices by Solvent Extraction/Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Gooch Emmett G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Silicone defoamers are used to control foam during the processing of fruit juices. Residual silicones in fruit juices can be separated from the naturally occurring siliceous materials in fruit products and selectively recovered by solvent extraction, after suitable pretreatment. The recovered silicone is measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Silicone concentrations as low as about 1 ppm can be measured. The juices are accurately spiked for recovery studies by the addition of silicone dispersed in D-sorbitol.
Microbiological Screening Method for Indication of Irradiation of Spices and Herbs: A BCR Collaborative Study
Authors: Wirtanen Gun , Sjöberg Anna-Maija , Boisen Flemming , Alanko Timo ,   Collaborators:, Aureli Paolo , Betts Roy , Boisen Flemming , Copin Marie-Pierre , Guerzoni M Elisabetta , Hammerton Kerie M , Savolainen Jouko , Skovgaard Niels 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A BCR1 collaborative study was conducted with a microbiological screening method based on the combined use of the direct epifluorescent filter technique (DEFT) and the conventional aerobic plate count method (APC) for detection of irradiation of spices and herbs. Collaborative samples of whole allspice, whole and powdered black peppers, whole white pepper, paprika powder, cut basil, cut marjoram, and crushed cardamom irradiated with doses of 0, 5, and 10 kGy were analyzed by 8 laboratories. The total number of the collaborative samples, with arbitrarily labeled codes, was 192. The percentage of acceptable results was 95.5%. The identification of irradiated from nonirradiated spices and herbs was analyzed statistically by using explorative techniques. The average values of the differences between DEFr and APC in samples irradiated with doses of 5 and 10 kGy were 5.1 and 6.1 logarithmic units, respectively. The differences between DEFT and APC generally increased to at least 3.5 logarithmic units, whereas the difference in the case of unirradiiated spices was insignificant. However, conclusive evidence of irradiation relies on the knowledge that the sample was not fumigated or heat treated. The reproducibility relative standard deviations for the differences were 12.3,19.9, and 20.7% with the closes of 10 and 5 kGy and for unirradiated samples, respectively, indicating acceptable variabilities among laboratories. Received
Comparison of Texas Liquid Sampler with Missouri Bottle for Sampling Liquid Fertilizers: Collaborative Study
Authors: Latimer George W ,   Collaborators:, Comstock J , Dubberly D , Jessup T , McCurry C , Ritz R , Terry D 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Six laboratories participated in a collaborative study designed to qualify the Texas liquid sampling tube as a device for sampling liquid fertilizers. The Texas sampler is a polyethylene tube with a stainless steel check valve on one end. The tube, which is threaded so that it can be expanded in length, enables acquisition of a uniform profile across a liquid sample. The 6 collaborators sampled 33 loads of fertilizer, 8 of which were slurries, using both the Texas tube and the Missouri bottle (AOAC 969.01). The resulting subsamples were analyzed for total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and soluble potash. Analysis of the data showed no significant (p &lt; 0.05) difference in results. This sampling procedure, using the Texas liquid sampler, was adopted first action by AOAC International as a suitable means of sampling liquid fertilizers.
Comparison of MICRO-ID Listeria Method with Conventional Biochemical Methods for Identification of Listeria Isolated From Food and Environmental Samples: Collaborative Study
Authors: Higgins Don L , Robison Barbara J ,   Collaborators:, Bailey S , Hagen C , Higgins D , Jankow D , Jost K , Kallay K , Kulhanek C , Madden J , Matushek M , Okolo C , Pratt M , Sloan E , Stone J , Tuncan E , Weagent S , Weatherington J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Fourteen laboratories participated in a collaborative study to evaluate the ability of the MICRO-ID Listeria identification method to correctly identify Listeria isolated from food and environmental sources. Each collaborator received 60 isolates consisting of 51 Listeria and 9 non-Listeria cultures. All isolates were identified by conventional biochemical analyses in the principal laboratory. Cultures were checked for purity by Gram staining and examined for oxidase and catalase activities. Only Gram positive, oxidase negative, catalase positive cultures were tested with the method. Colonies from trypticase soy agar with 0.6% yeast extract were suspended in 4.6 ml_ physiological saline to a MacFarland No. 1 turbidity standard and used to inoculate the test strip. In addition, the hemolytic reaction of each isolate was determined by using the Christie-Atkins-Munch-Peterson (CAMP) test and by stabbing sheep blood agar. Identification of Listeria is based on the octal code obtained from the strip and the hemolytic reaction of the isolate. The MICRO-ID Listeria method agreed with conventional biochemical identification for 98.0% of L. monocytogenes, 77.1% of L. seeligeri, 98.0% of L ivanovii, 96.4% of L. grayi/L. murrayi, 73.9% of L. welshimeri, and 100% of L innocua isolates. A large percentage of errors in identification of the L. seeligeri and L ivanovii cultures was caused by inaccurate reading of the CAMP and hemolysis tests rather than errors in the test strip. The method was adopted first action by AOAC International.
Enzymatic-Gravimetric Determination in Foods of Dietary Fiber as Sum of Insoluble and Soluble Fiber Fractions: Summary of Collaborative Study
Authors: Mongeau Roger , Brassard Rene 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted on an enzymatic- gravimetric method for determination of total dietary fiber in foods, in which soluble fiber and insoluble fiber are determined separately. Ten collaborators analyzed blind duplicate test samples from 5 food products: turnip, wheat bran, beans canned with tomato sauce, rice, and whole wheat bread. Repeatability and reproducibility relative standard deviations ranged from 1.48 to 14.73% and from 4.13 to 17.94%, respectively. The method was adopted first action by AOAC International.
Determination of Roxarsone in Feeds Using Solid Phase Extraction and Liquid Chromatography With Ultraviolet Detection
Authors: Sapp Robert E , Davidson Sandra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A method is presented for detection and quantitation of Roxarsone in poultry feed by liquid chromatography. The drug is extracted by phosphate buffer and determined by solid phase extraction and reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Recoveries of the sample spikes and fortified field samples agree closely with those obtained by the standard spectrophotometric method.
Evaluation of New Flame Photometric Instrumentation to Meet Requirements of AOAC Official Method for Potassium in Fertilizers
Authors: Newlon Natalie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
AOAC Official Method 983.02 for potassium in fertilizers contains instrument performance criteria. The Bran & Luebbe Flame Photometer 410 with a TRAACS 800 was evaluated by this method. Noise, drift, carryover, and precision were investigated. Drift and noise were well below the specifications. Carryover was essentially zero. The overall performance of the system based on National Institute of Standards and Technology standards and quality control samples showed an average bias of 0.10%, which is within the method specifications; the absolute values of differences were 0.166% for the citrate extraction and 0.063 and 0.171%, respectively, for the oxalate extractions. The method states that the average bias should be &lt;0.1, and the absolute value of differences should be &lt;0.4. Overall, the system passed all the performance criteria specified in the method.
Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk Powder Using Immunoaffinity Columns for Cleanup: Interlaboratory Study
Authors: Tuinstra Louis G M Th , Roos Arie H , Van Trijp John M P ,   Collaborators:, Burdaspal P A , Declercq B , Dutton M F , Donahue K F , Fremy J M , Pittet A , Rasmussen G , Rutschmann M A , Sharman M , Stubblefield R D , Toyoda M , Egmond van H P , Bedem J van den , Renterghem R van , Wei Yau-Huei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A liquid chromatographic method for determining low aflatoxin M1 concentrations in milk was evaluated in an International Dairy Federation (IDF) interlaboratory study. The study involved 16 participants from 11 countries. The method, chosen after a comparison of several methods by a preparatory group, uses an immunoaffinity column for cleanup. As the sample passes through the column, antibodies selectively bind with aflatoxin M1 (antigen) present and form an antibody-antigen complex. All other components of the sample matrix are washed off the column with water. Then, aflatoxin M1 is eluted from the column with acetonitrile, which is collected. Final determination is carried out by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Over the tested range (80-600 ng aflatoxin M1/kg milk powder), an RSDR ranging from 11 to 23% was obtained by analyzing 24 samples (blind duplicates), 2 samples of which were blanks.
ColiComplete® Substrate-Supporting Disc Method for Confirmed Detection of Total Coliforms and Escherichia coli in All Foods: Comparative Study
Authors: Feldsine Philip T , Falbo-Nelson Maria T , Hustead David L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The ColiComplete® substrate-supporting disc (SSD) method for simultaneous confirmed total coliform count and Escherichia coli determination in all foods was compared with the AOAC most probable number (MPN) methods 966.23 and 966.24. In this comparative study, 20 water and food types were analyzed; 7 of these foods were naturally contaminated with coliform bacteria, 6 food types were naturally contaminated with E. coli, and the remaining foods were inoculated with coliform bacteria and/or E. coli. Data were analyzed separately for total coliform bacteria and for E. coli. Mean log MPN counts were determined by the SSD method and the appropriate AOAC MPN procedure. Results were then analyzed for mean log MPN differences and variance, according to methods described by AOAC INTERNATIONAL Results for both total conforms and E. coli indicate that the SSD method is equivalent to or better than AOAC MPN methods 966.23 and 966.24.
Determination of Aldicarb, Aldicarb Sulfoxide, and Aldicarb Sulfone in Oranges by Simple Gas–Liquid Chromatography with Nitrogen–Phosphorus Detection
Authors: Albelda Carmen , Picó Yolanda , Font G , Mañes Jordí 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method, using an acetonitrile–water gradient mobile phase, and a gas-liquid chromatographic method with nitrogen–phosphorus and flame photometric detection were compared for simultaneous and separate determinations of trace quantities of aldicarb and its metabolites aldicarb sulfone and aldicarb sulfoxide. One hundred gram samples of fortified oranges were extracted with water–acetone, water-acetonitrile, or water–methanol, and the extracts were partitioned with methylene chloride. Partitioning with other organic solvents such as chloroform, ethyl acetate, or methyl isobutyl ketone was also investigated. When performed under optimal conditions, the procedure has detection limits of 0.4, 0.8, and 0.4 ppb for aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide, and aldicarb sulfone, respectively. Recoveries at fortification levels of 4,20, and 80 ppb ranged from 75 to 90%. Coefficients of variation ranged from 8 to 10%.
Rapid, Sensitive, Iron-Based Spectrophotometric Methods for Determination of Peroxide Values of Food Lipids
Authors: Shantha Nalur C , Decker Eric A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The official International Dairy Federation method for determination of the peroxide value of anhydrous milk fat was extended to poultry, meat, fish, and vegetable oils. The ferrous oxidation–xylenol orange method for determination of peroxide values of liposomes and lipoproteins was modified to make it simpler and more rapid. These 2 spectro-photometric methods were used successfully to determine the peroxide values of beef, chicken, butter, fish, and vegetable products. The results in most cases were consistent with those obtained by using the AOAC Official Method. The spectro-photometric methods have an assay time of less than 10 min, require ≤0.3 g fat, and are capable of determining peroxide values as low as 0.1 mequiv/kg of sample.
Simultaneous Screening of Fumonisin B1, Aflatoxin B1, and Zearalenone by Line Immunoblot: A Computer-Assisted Multianalyte Assay System
Authors: Abouzied Mohamed M , Pestka James J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A line immunoblot assay was developed for the simultaneous screening of fumonisin B1 (FB1), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), and zearalenone (ZEA). Monoclonal antibodies for each of these toxins were immobilized as multiple lines on nitrocellulose membrane strips and sectored into hydrophobic compartments to minimize use of reagents. A modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted whereby free mycotoxins and horseradish peroxidase-labeled mycotoxins competed for binding to the nitrocellulose-bound antibodies. Color intensity of lines formed by a precipitating substrate was inversely related to mycotoxin concentration. Detection limits for the individual mycotoxins, as determined by visually comparing the color intensity of positive strips to negative controls, were 500, 0.5, and 3 ng/mL for FB1, AB1, and ZEA, respectively. Line density was quantitatively assessed also by using a camera, video monitor, and microcomputer equipped with a video-digitizing board. The assay could be used to determine range values for the various mycotoxins in extracts of spiked corn in less than 30 min, and values could be recorded on the microcomputer hard disk. This combination of line immunoblot assay and image analysis, termed computer-assisted multianalyte assay system, should be applicable to the simultaneous screening of multiple mycotoxins and other agricultural residues in food.
Enumeration of Total Bacteria in Raw and Pasteurized Milk by Reflectance Colorimetry: Collaborative Study
Authors: Richardson Gary H , Yuan James T C , Sisson Donald V , Stokes Barry O 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Seven out of 9 laboratories completed a collaborative study comparing a reflectance colorimetric (RC) bioactivity monitor (Omnispec™ 4000) method to the standard plate count (SPC) method for estimation of total bacteria in raw and homogenized pasteurized milk. Each laboratory analyzed 12 different samples by the SPC method and 24 samples (12 blind duplicates) by the RC method. For the RC method RSDr was 1.7%, and RSDR was 4.5%. RSDR for the SPC method was 20.8%. The method was adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
Determination of Deoxynivalenol in 1991 U.S. Winter and Spring Wheat by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography
Authors: Fernandez Cecilia , Stack Michael E , Musser Steven M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) method was modified for determination of deoxynivalenol (DON) in 1991 U.S. winter and spring wheat. After extraction with acetonitrile-water (84 +16) and cleanup on a charcoal-alumina-Celite (7 + 5 + 3) column, acetonitrile was used instead of ethyl ace- tate to transfer the concentrated extract containing DON. After the extract was evaporated to dryness, the residue was dissolved in methanol and an ali- quot was spotted on a high-performance TLC plate. After development with chloroform-acetone-2- propanol (8 + 1 + 1), the plates were sprayed with aluminum chloride solution and heated; DON was quantitated by fluorodensitometry. Average recov- eries of DON added to duplicate test portions of wheat at 200,400, and 800 ng/g were 83,82, and 72%, respectively. The detection limit was 40 ng/g. The method was applied to 81 test samples of spring and winter wheat. The wheat contained DON levels that ranged from nondetectable to 9330 ng/g (average 1570 ng/g). The results indicate that DON levels were higher in wheat from Missouri, North Dakota, and Tennessee than in wheat from 7 other states. The identity of DON, which was isolated from 21 of the extracts by preparatory TLC, was confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spec- trometry in all 21 test samples.