bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing student creative thinking skills through HOTVL design
Authors: Nur A U , Setiawan A , Ramalis T R , Nurhayati  
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the creative thinking skills improvement through Higher Order Thinking Virtual Lab (HOTVL) learning. This research used a quasi-experiment method with pre- and post-test group design. 57 students took part in this research from eleventh grade student in a senior high school which is divided into two classes, experiment and control group. Student of experiment group using HOTVL experiment design and control group using lab virtual verification design. Students’ creative thinking skill was measured using tests of creative thinking skill in form of nine essay question about global warming. Learning activities in this research completed with a worksheet and lab virtual learning multimedia. This research using item response theory (IRT) to analyse the data. The result showed that the percentage of students’ latent variable (score) of creative thinking skill in HOTVL class was higher than the percentage of students’ score in lab virtual verification.
High Performance Secondary Index Design for Complex Queries in Smart Grid System
Authors: Jiafeng Qin , Shitai Shu , Longlong Li , Chengqi Li , Demeng Bai , Wenjie Zheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Since the traditional relational database is difficult to cope with the massive data and properties produced by thousands of sensors in the smart grid, the HBase database of the new large data platform, as a column oriented key value storage database, has gradually become the mainstream large data platform database. Though HBase can support large data volume, but it is still difficult to cope with the demand of high frequency and short response time in power grid data analysis. In this study, we proposed a query oriented two level index scheme that can speed up the query. The experimental results show that when the two table connection queries are involved, our scheme can provide a minimum of 1.026 to the maximum 4.761 times the acceleration ratio compared to the classic two level index, when it involves three table connection queries, Our scheme provides a minimum of 1.797 to a maximum of 8.581 times the speed ratio of the classic two level index scheme. After further optimization, the scheme can also save much of the storage space of the index table. The two level indexing scheme proposed in this study has a good effect in terms of query performance and storage efficiency.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Two-side Voltage Sag based on Local State Variable Weight and Complex Correlation Coefficient Method
Authors: Tianhao Zhang , Lijun Tian , Fangheng Zhang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The severity assessment of voltage sag is one of the important basis to measure power quality.At present, voltage sag assessment is mostly based on system or load, lacking of unity on both sides.The evaluation indexes of the voltage sag on the side of the system are divided into the first level and the second level.The load-side evaluation adopts the equipment failure rate based on the comprehensive tolerance curve of sensitive equipment, and the failure probability model is based on the energy function.The complex correlation coefficient method is used to synthesize the indexes of system side and load side to avoid the excessive evaluation caused by the repetition of information in the evaluation.At last, an example analysis is carried out on the proposed method based on the measured data, which verifies the correctness and superiority of the method.
Electric Field Simulation of Equipotential Live-line Work in 500kV Cup-type-tower
Authors: Guo Tao , Wang Shichun , Xu Lianggang , Shi Hongyun , Liu Yongxin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As an important part of the power grid, the safe and reliable operation of overhead transmission lines is of great significance. In order to ensure the reliability and continuity of power supply in power grid, the overhaul mode of live-line work is usually adopted. At present, there is little research on live-line work of overhead transmission line overhaul arrester at home and abroad. In order to ensure the safety of live-line work operators, this paper models and simulates live-line work of overhauling surge arrester with support clearance in 500 kV cup-type-tower. The distribution of electric field on the surface of live-line work operators under this line structure is calculated and analyzed, which can provide reference for the personal safety of live-line work operators.
Application of Improved BPNN Algorithm in GIS Insulation Defect Type Identification
Authors: Feng X Y , Hu X L , Yong J , Yang B , Sun X B , Duan Y B , Meng H L , Xu Y P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a new BP neural network has been built with GA algorithm, which possesses high effectivity, parallel processing ability and global search feature, in order to overcome the original shortcomings such as the low convergence rate and the confusion of local minimum points. Ten parameters of partial discharge characteristics are obtained as input of BPNN to identify four typical insulation defect physical models designed in this paper for the purpose of measuring the recognition accuracy of the improved BPNN. Experiments show that the improved BPNN has a better performance of convergence speed and recognition accuracy than that of adaptive momentum BP neural network.
Study of Temperature Field and Ampacity of 110kV AC Submarine Cables under Different Laying Conditions
Authors: Chen Zhenxin , Le Yanjie , Liu Heng , Yang Fan , Hu Wenkan , Hu Kai , Li Jinxian , He Tingting 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Submarine cables have complicated structures and high production process requirements. In order to make sure the submarine cables to operate safely and reliably, this paper takes into account how the different laying conditions of submarine cables affect the maximum allowable ampacity. A 110kV YJQ-1×500 XLPE submarine cable is taken as the research object, based on the finite element method, the electromagnetic-thermal coupling models of the submarine cable laying in underwater soil, seawater and pipeline is established respectively in Comsol Multiphysics to study their thermal field and ampacities. The results indicate that the laying conditions would affect the cables’ heat dissipation, submarine cable lays in seawater has the highest ampacity and lays in the pipeline in landing section of the cable has the lowest ampacity. Moreover, the variation of temperature of seawater would also influence the ampacity of the submarine cable.
Energy Efficiency Optimization for Ubiquitous Power Internet of Things
Authors: Jijun Wang , Min Xiao , Yongqiu Chen , Mingsheng Xu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the research of internet of things, considering power allocation of base station from the perspective of energy efficiency (EE) is very meaningful for ubiquitous power internet of things (UPIoT) optimization. In this paper, the EE of UPIoT was analyzed and a new method for internet optimization was proposed by adjusting the small cell transmits power. First, the UPIoT was modeled by two-tier homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP), and the coverage probability of base stations in each tier was derived. Second, according to the definition of EE, and the closed-form of EE was given by deriving the total power consumption and total throughput of UPIoT respectively. At last, the impact of the small cell transmission power on the EE of UPIoT was analyzed, and a small cell power optimization algorithm was proposed to maximize EE. Simulation results show that, the transmission power of cell has a significant impact on the EE of UPIoT. Furthermore, by optimizing the transmission power of small cell, the EE of UPIoT can be improved effectively.
Features of heat transfer with cooling by dispersed flow
Authors: Mirnov S V , Komov A T , Varava A N , Dedov A V , Lyublinski I E , Vertkov A V , Zakharenkov A V , Smorchkova Yu V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Two types of heat transfer were established during cooling by a dispersed flow, depending on the values of the mass flow rate. Equations are proposed for calculating the heat transfer coefficient.
Increase of maneuverability of nuclear and geothermal power plants by hydrogen-oxygen complexes
Authors: Schastlivtsev A I , Borzenko V I , Dunikov D O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We present results of feasibility analysis of hydrogen-oxygen complexes for base load power plants. To increase flexibility of nuclear and geothermal power plants it is proposed to produce hydrogen and oxygen by excess power and use the gases in hydrogen-oxygen steam generators to produce high temperature steam and provide additional power during power ramps. It is possible to decrease the time of power ramp from 20% to 100% of nominal capacity from 13-15 min to 1.5, while the main steam generator increases capacity with the rate 5-6%/min. Taking into account a rare need in such a big power ramps and low capital intensity of hydrogen-oxygen steam generators, the total increase of capital investments in a nuclear plant should be ca. 1%.
Isotopes of water molecules in a glow discharge in mixtures of helium with H2O and D2
Authors: Bernatskiy A V , Kochetov I V , Lagunov V V , Ochkin V N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental research on the concentrations of water isotopomers (H2O, HDO, and D2O) in plasma of a DC discharge in mixtures consisting of helium, molecular deuterium, and water vapor. Dependence of the isotopomers concentrations on the initial mixture composition is described. The measurements were performed using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS). Theoretical results were obtained with the use of a homogeneous kinetic model. The model included the balance equations for charged and neutral particles and the Boltzmann equation for the electron energy distribution function in the two-term approximation. The experimental and theoretical values of H2O and HDO concentrations were compared and showed good agreement.
Calculation of ionized chemically nonequilibrium flow around a reentry module
Authors: Molchanov A M , Popov V E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A method for calculating a hypersonic ionized flow at the entrance of the reentry module into the Earth’s atmosphere has been developed. The mathematical modeling of such a flow was performed using a system of equations, which includes the equations of the continuity of components, the equation of momentum, the equations of total energy, vibrational energy, and electron energy. Chemical reactions and ionization reactions were taken into account. The vibrational temperatures of diatomic molecules and electrons were calculated. Calculations were made for various flight altitudes (60-85 km) at free-stream speeds from the first to the second cosmic velocity. The results of computations according to the proposed methodology are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data and the computation results of other authors.
Research on structure of a ash-slag pulp and its influence on pipelines’ attrition of a thermal power plants’ hydraulic ash removal system
Authors: Chugunkov D V , Seyfelmliukova G A , Kuzema V P , Bogdanova A E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
One of the key characteristics, affecting intensity of slurry pipelines’ attrition, is the abrasiveness of the transported material. It depends on the content of silicon oxides, a form and fineness of ashes particles. According to input data, it is figured out that different types and grades of coals with different chemical properties, fractional composition and coal fineness were incinerated at different times on HTPP-3. Because of it the attrition is result of different types’ transportation of ashes with various abrasive properties, with various fineness, density and chemical composition. Calculation results of pulp pipelines’ specific attrition at transportation of ash-slag pulp on HTPP-3 are given in this work.
Neutron yield from Z-pinches at generation of the power-degree spectrum of fast deuterons
Authors: Vikhrev V V , Yu Frolov A , Yu Chirkov A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The neutron yield from the plasma of deuterium Z-pinch is analyzed with a power-law spectrum of fast deuterons in the energy range from several hundred keV to several MeV. The influence of the typical energies of fast deuterons and the exponent index of the spectrum is considered. The efficiency of neutron generation is estimated by the ratio of the neutron yield to the average deuteron energy. It was shown that when generating fast deuterons with energies of the order of 1 MeV, the reaction rate is much higher than for Maxwellian plasma with a temperature of the order of 10 keV.
Universal Rocket Space Engine and solving the problem of space debris
Authors: Glazkov V V , Sinkevich O A , Shmelkov G B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The total mass of only large fragments of space debris in low-earth orbits(LEO) exceeds 7,500 tons. The well-known concepts of solving the problem of space debris are considered. An approach to space debris as a valuable resource is formulated. It is proposed to use space debris as a propellant for the Universal Rocket Space Engine (URSE). The engine should consist of a thermal rocket engine in conjunction with accelerator – railgun, for example. The steam generated during the evaporation of space debris speeds accelerates to 10 – 50 km/s in this scheme. Power supply of the engine is planned to be implemented by solar energy or a nuclear power plant. When particles of debris passing through a high-temperature evaporator, it turns into steam. Then the steam passes into the nozzle, where the railgun is located. After railgun, the accelerating plasma expires in space. There are three methods to obtain high-temperature vapor in the evaporator: solar furnace (direct heating), electric arc heating or ion sputtering technology. The project is proposed to be divided into several stages, each characterized by the use of various technical solutions. URSE will allow using not only space debris, but also materials of small celestial bodies as fuel for space flights within the solar system. This will make it possible to radically change the schemes of space flight, since restrictions on the mass of fuel using the URSE are removed. For example, during flying from Mars to Earth, the material of the Martian satellites of Phobos and Deimos can be used as a propellant.
Optimization of thermophysical processes of bottom part of shaft furnace for plasma treatment plant of solid radioactive waste
Authors: Yu Markelov A , Kudrinskiy A A , Anpilov S V , Shiryaevsky V L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The task of analyzing various sources of heating in the bottom part of the shaft furnace to optimize thermophysical processes is of interest from both an economic and technological point of view. When replacing the type of heat source, it is necessary to preserve the performance characteristics, primarily high temperatures in the range of 1400-1600 °C for melting minerals. This work aims to substantiate plasma torches replacement by natural gas or diesel burners and to confirm preservation of the utilization process efficiency. In order to do this numerical modeling of thermal processes was used: CFD modeling of a full-sized shaft furnace with a melter, including the distribution of temperature fields in the slag melt layer and external thermal insulation materials. Other possible combinations were also analyzed to optimize heat exchange processes: ohmic heating of the melt, replacement of air with oxygen. The results of numerical simulation show that hydrocarbon burners can be used instead of plasma torches for efficient processing of various types of waste in the slag melt. This can be economically attractive for expanding the application area of waste treatment technology in the slag melt, especially for the housing sector waste processing.
Complex modeling of installation for thermal processing of organic compounds
Authors: Zroychikov N A , Fadeev S A , Kaverin A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a numerical study of an installation for the thermal decomposition of organic substances by pyrolysis. Unlike with combustion, pyrolysis allows the processing of toxic and infected substances with high environmental safety. However, at the pre-project phase, difficulties often arise due to the lack of preliminary data relating to the decomposition process, the combustion of pyrolysis products, the intensity of heat exchange in the reactor and the combustion chamber. A possible solution to the problem may be pre-project computer simulation. In this paper, the ANSYS Fluent software program was used to simulate the installation of pyrolysis of moistened plastic, in which heat is supplied to the material through a heating wall. To maintain the process, the heat of combustion of its decomposition products is used. An approach of reducing the two-phase problem to a single-phase one is proposed, which allows minimizing the calculation time and increasing the convergence of the solution. Based on calculation results, the distribution of velocity fields, temperatures, heat fluxes and concentrations of substances in the installation was obtained. Calculation results allow to optimize the installation design and predict its capacity.
Tests of tungsten divertor mock-ups of tokamak-reactor with powerful plasma and e-beam loads
Authors: Budaev V P , Dedov A V , Komov A T , Fedorovich S D , Varava A N , Zakharenkov A V , Giniyatulin R N , Makhankov A N , Litunovsky N V , Frik P G , Van Oost G , Martynenko Yu V , Sliva A P , Lukashevsky M V , Karpov A V , Lazukin A V , Yu Marchenkov A , Gerasimov D N , Gubkin M K , Sviridov E V , Rogozin K A , Zakletsky Z A , Tupotilov I A , Gvozdevskaya D S , Ba Le Huang Chang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Plasma-facing materials of divertor and the first wall of a hybrid thermonuclear reactor are studied in plasma and beam facilities with extreme high thermal and beam load. Tests of tungsten divertor mock-ups of tokamak reactor are tested with high-heat flux in the plasma device and in the e-beam facility. Water-cooled mock-ups are tested with the combination of plasma and e-beam loads: (1) thermocyclic tests with electron beam powerful load from 5 to 10 MW/m2 and then (2) plasma tests in the PLM device with stationary plasma loads up to 1 MW/m2. These two tests are carried out for the first time and simulate the variable load on divertor plates in tokamak-reactor during stationary discharges with transient ELM events. The e-beam facility provides a complete simulation of the conditions of heating and cooling of the tested components. The advantages of the tests are stationary plasma discharges in the PLM plasma device modeling reactor conditions in the divertor and SOL.
Non-destructive chemical and phase layer profiling of multicomponent multilayer thin ultrathin films
Authors: Lubenchenko A V , Ivanov D A , Lubenchenko O I , Yachuk V A , Pavlov O N , Lashkov I A , Lukyantsev D S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This work covers a method of non-destructive layer profiling of ultra-thin films on solid. The method is based on solution of the problem of elastic and inelastic photoelectron scattering in multilayer inhomogeneous films. An example of depth profiling of an air-oxidized ultra-thin chromium film on a silicon substrate is given.
Study of High-Temperature Oxidation of the Claddings of Tolerant Fuel Elements of VVER-type Reactor
Authors: Polunin K K , Urusov A A , Bazyuk S S , Kiselev D S , Kuzma-Kichta Yu A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The work presents the results of a study of corrosion resistance of chrome-coated fragments of zirconium cladding of VVER-1000 reactor fuel elements. The coatings had been deposited by electrochemical deposition on the standard cladding fragments with pre-treated surfaces. Gas-dynamic treatment of the surface with chrome powder proved to have a positive effect on the surface-to-cladding adhesion. Annealing at a temperature of 400 °C contributes to relieving of the residual stresses resulting from the gas-dynamic treatment. Investigation of the durability of the coatings was performed under exposure to overheated steam at a temperature of 1200 °C and exposure period of up to 1500 s. As it has been demonstrated, the produced coatings hinder formation of ZrO2 oxide layer at the outer surface and reduce the depth of penetration of oxygen into the metallic sublayer, in comparison with the specimens in the original condition. All this contributes to retention of the residual ductility of the tested specimens at the level of no less than 2%.
The problems of intelligence improving of power plants process control system
Authors: Arakelyan E K , Andriushin A V , Pashchenko F F , Mezin S V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Trends in the development of modern control systems of technological processes (ACS TP) on the basis of program and technical complexes (PTC) are aimed at creating a unified control system of the power unit in all modes of its operation, capable in addition to directly controlling the power unit, blocking operator errors, using intelligent control strategies. At the same time, improving the quality of technological processes based on new hardware and software and the achievements of the modern theory of automatic control occurs mainly at the level of power unit equipment and to a much lesser extent – at the level of the power plant. It is obvious that the level of intelligence of ACS TP should correspond to the technical level of promising high-efficiency power plants. Under these conditions, the problem of increasing the degree of intelligence of energy production management systems in power plants through the development and implementation of new innovative technologies, algorithms and systems for optimal control of the operation of equipment of power plants and power plants in general is extremely urgent. At the same time, a set of technical solutions and technologies should provide, in addition to high efficiency, such “sparing” modes of operation, which allow to reduce the rate of exhaustion of the resource characteristics of the equipment and thereby prolong its service life. This shows the necessity and expediency of developing intelligent high-performance control systems for the entire cycle of energy production in power plants, by expanding the functionality of the PTC in terms of optimal control of technological and production processes of the block and station levels.
Lithium divertor of KTM tokamak
Authors: Lyublinski I E , Vertkov A V , Yu Zharkov M , Berlov A V , Tazhibayeva I L , Ponkratov Yu V , Gordienko Yu N , Zakharenkov A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
At present time the project of Kazakh material science tokamak KTM is under implementation. In addition to solving problems in the study of materials for fusion technologies on tokamak is working out innovative design elements of the divertor. The design of the lithium divertor module based on lithium capillary-porous systems has been developed and successfully tested under real tokamak conditions. In this design, the solution to the problem of removal of heat flows of high density was implemented through the use of a liquid metal coolant based on the eutectic alloy Na-K. Requirements to improve the safety and compatibility of the design of the divertor with other in-vessel elements of the tokamak, cooled by water, and limiting the temperature of the lithium receiving surface at <600°C at heat flows of 10-20 MW/m2 led to the creation of a new design solution for the experimental module of the divertor and the use of a new coolant – gas dispersed water flow (gas-water spray). The article describes and justifies the design solutions of the new version of the module, the parameters of the coolant and the cooling system scheme. Experimental results on determination of heat transfer coefficient for coolant based on gas-water spray are considered