bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Standard Model particle content with complete gauge symmetries from the minimal ideals of two Clifford algebras
Authors: Gresnigt Niels G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBuilding upon previous works, it is shown that two minimal left ideals of the complex Clifford algebra $$\mathbb {C}\ell (6)$$Cℓ(6) and two minimal right ideals of $$\mathbb {C}\ell (4)$$Cℓ(4) transform as one generation of leptons and quarks under the gauge symmetry $$SU(3)_C\times U(1)_{EM}$$SU(3)C×U(1)EM and $$SU(2)_L$$SU(2)L respectively. The $$SU(2)_L$$SU(2)L weak symmetries are naturally chiral. Combining the $$\mathbb {C}\ell (6)$$Cℓ(6) and $$\mathbb {C}\ell (4)$$Cℓ(4) ideals, all the gauge symmetries of the Standard Model, together with its lepton and quark content for a single generation are represented. The combined ideals can be written as minimal left ideals of $$\mathbb {C}\ell (6)\otimes \mathbb {C}\ell (4)\cong \mathbb {C}\ell (10)$$Cℓ(6)⊗Cℓ(4)≅Cℓ(10) in a way that preserves individually the $$\mathbb {C}\ell (6)$$Cℓ(6) structure and $$\mathbb {C}\ell (4)$$Cℓ(4) structure of physical states. This resulting model captures many of the attractive features of the Georgi and Glashow SU(5) Grand Unified Theory without introducing proton decay or other unobserved processes. Such processes are naturally excluded because they do not preserve the underlying algebraic structure.
Low energy pion–$$\Lambda _b$$ interaction
Authors: Nogueira-Santos M. G. L. , Barros C. C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe low energy pion–$$\Lambda _b$$Λb interaction is study in this work, considering effective chiral Lagrangians that include pions, baryons and the corresponding resonances. Interactions mediated by a $$\sigma $$σ meson exchange are also considered. The scattering amplitudes are calculated and then we determine the angular distributions and polarizations.
Measurement Tool of Chemotherapy Sensitivity in Advanced Ovarian Cancer
Authors: May Taymaa , Oza Amit M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The modeled Ca125 ELIMination rate constant K (KELIM) can be used as a measure of chemotherapy sensitivity in women with newly diagnosed advanced epithelial ovarian cancer who are being treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This marker may aid in decision-making regarding surgical resection and alternate systemic treatments in this cohort.
See related article by You et al., p. 4625
A Study of DOM in Asturian (‘Dialectu Vaqueiru’)
Authors: Esteban Avelino Corral 
Published: June 2020

The present paper explores Differential Object Marking in a variety of Asturian (Western Iberian Romance) spoken in western Asturias (northwestern Spain). This ancestral form of speech stands out from Central Asturian and especially from Standard Spanish. For a number of reasons, ranging from profound changes in pronunciation, vocabulary, morphology and information structure to slight but very relevant effects on syntax. The main goal of this study is to examine the special marking of direct objects in order to find out what triggers the distribution of Differential Object Marking in this variety. To this aim, this paper will examine, from a variationist perspective, the influence of a number of semantic and discourse-pragmatic parameters on the marking of direct objects in this Western Asturian language as well as in Standard Spanish
1
and Central Asturian (which is generally considered the normative variety of Asturian). The results obtained from this comparison will allow us to outline the differences between these three varieties in terms of object marking, shedding more light on the origin and function of Differential Object Marking in Spanish.
Multiparametric Approach with Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Mri, Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Mrs of The Breast in Assessment of Suspicious Breast Lesions
Authors: Abd Elsalam SM , Said AH , Sarah MH 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most invasive malignant tumour in females worldwide and is the second leading cause of cancer death in females after lung cancer. In Egypt, cancer breast is the first common site of tumours among females (32%) and the second common tumour site in both sexes. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of quantitative parameters derived from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) with ultrasound +/- conventional mammography in differentiating suspicious breast masses (BI-RADS III and IV) and to suggest the most accurate imaging combination for early diagnosis and treatment of cancer breast. Materials and Methods: The study included 40 patients with suspicious breast lesions detected by clinical examination, ultrasound+/- mammography . Dynamic MRI study was performed using 1.5T MRI. Lesions were analyzed regarding their morphology, kinetic curve pattern, ADC value and tCho peak measurement. The results of each MRI parameter were correlated to histo-pathology. Results: In this study sensitivity of sono-mammography was 70% and its specificity was 66.6%. According to using MRI sensitivity was 90% and specificity was 80% by using morphological and curve patterns. As regarding MRS sensitivity was 50% and specificity was 86.7%. Regarding sensitivity of ADC was 90%while its specificity was 93%. The cut off ADC value was 0.95 x 10−3 mm2/s. By using MRI with additive modalities (ADC and MRS) sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 93%. Conclusion: In comparison with MRI, sonomammography alone lack both sensitivity and specificity in detection of breast lesions in suspicious cases. MRI with additive modalities (ADC and MRS) is the best imaging modality in detection of malignant cases and exclusion of benign cases.
Is it the Time to Implement the Routine Use of Distress Thermometer Among Egyptian Cancer Patients?
Authors: Abdel Aziz N , Elgohary GH , Khallaf S , Mohamed S , Abozeed W , Nabeeh O , Alhawary M , Khalid S , Abdel - Warith A 
Published: June 2020

Background: Emotional distress is common among cancer patients (25-30 %), as a result of the serious diagnosis and suffering from aggressive treatment. This may negatively affect their participation in treatment, quality of life, and satisfaction with care. To best of our knowledge, it has not been studied before in Egypt, this study aims to implement the distress thermometer in Egyptian cancer patients as a screening tool for the distress and its associated factors. Methods: The Arabic version of DT that has been recently validated was used in this study to screen patients. Egyptian Patients diagnosed with different types of hematological malignancies and solid cancers who were following at three Oncology Centers (South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University Hospital, and Mansura University Oncology department) were recruited. All Patients were asked to rate their distress in the past week on an 11-point visual analog scale ranging from 0 (no distress) to 10 (extreme distress), then, they were asked to fill in the Problem List (PL), to check whether or not they had any of the problems listed during the previous 7 days. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the significant problems correlated with the patient distress at a cut-off score of 4. Results: A total of 550 patients agreed to participate. The mean age was 51.3 (18–85) years. Different types of solid and hematological malignancies were included; the most common three types were breast cancer (32.7 %), gastrointestinal cancer (23%), and hematological malignancies (15.5 %). The patients’ average DT score was 3.7. The most frequent problems were fatigue (49%), worry (47%), fear (44 %), and pain (42%). The univariate analysis showed a significant correlation between the DT at Cut – off the value of 4 and transportation, dealing with children, depression, fears, sadness, sleep, loss of usual activity, and fatigue. Multivariate analysis confirmed the transportation, depression, fears, sadness, sleep and fatigue as independent factors for such distress. Conclusion: Egyptian cancer patients are suffering from significant distress at a cut value of 4. We recommend the involvement of the psycho-oncology service for all cancer patients at the time of diagnosis.
Clinicopathologic Parameters and Survival Data in Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients in Correlation with Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes, Androgen Receptor and Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor 1 Expression
Authors: Njenga JM , El-Gowily A , Arafat WO , Abdalla D , Rostom YA 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The constantly evolving nature of breast cancer (BC) makes it paramount to identify and evaluate more biomarkers that may have a predictive and prognostic value. We explored the relationship between the androgen receptor (AR), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and clinicopathologic variables and survival in BC. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we collected clinical and pathological data of 105 BC patients who had been treated at Alexandria Main University Hospitals from January 2010 to December 2016. These patients’ formalin fixed paraffin-embedded blocks were retrieved and analyzed for AR and IGF-1R expression immunohistochemically; TILs were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Chi square and Kaplan Meier curves were used to study the correlation between the three biomarkers and clinicopathologic parameters and survival respectively. Results: 59% and 51.4% of patients were AR and IGF-1R positive respectively. AR immunoreactivity correlated with a tumour size less than 5 centimeters (p=0.001), presence of carcinoma in situ (p=0.008), negative Her 2 status (p=0.007) and negative lymphovascular invasion (p<0.001). Negative AR expression predicted a longer disease free survival (p=0.017). A positive IGF-1R was associated with carcinoma in situ (p<0.001) and negative extra-nodal extension (p=0.042) but no impact on the disease free survival (p=0.227). A high TIL expression was associated with a tumour size less than 5 centimeters (p=0.005), invasive lobular carcinoma (p=0.006), carcinoma in situ (p=0.047), negative LVI (p<0.001) and longer survival. A positive AR expression was associated with a positive IGF-1R expression (p<0.001). Conclusions: AR, IGF-1R and TILs correlate differently with various clinicopathologic variables used in BC; in addition they all have a prognostic value. The two receptors are a promising target in BC. More clinical studies are required to further confirm the utility of these three biomarkers.
CXCR4 and RIF1 Overexpression Induces Resistance of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer to Cisplatin
Authors: Abd El Aziz Lamiss Mohamed , Abd El Aziz Dareen Mohamed , Elkady Assama , Elanwar Noha 
Published: June 2020

The chemoresistance of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a major problem Thus, the search for novel biomarkers associated with cisplatin sensitivity is overwhelming. Previous studies have shown that chemokine receptor (CXCR4) is associated with tumor growth, angiogenesis and distant metastases and replication regulatory timing factor (RIF1) is responsible for repair of double strand DNA breaks. This study, thus, aimed to identify the correlation between CXCR4 and RIF1 overexpression and cisplatin sensitivity in EOC. Patients and methods: Fifty five EOC patients were recruited to assess chemosensitivity of EOC to cisplatin based chemotherapy in Oncology Department, Tanta University Hospitals. Results: The results showed that patients with a higher CXCR4 and RIF1 expression exhibited a significantly lower chemosensitivity, worse overall survival and a poorer progression-free survival. The only prognostic associated with overall survival was CXCR4.
Role of PET/CT in Breast Cancer
Authors: Ali Z.A. , Abdullah M.S. , Houseni M.M. , Hashem D.H. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer type in women and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) is widely used in the initial staging, evaluation of the therapeutic response, and detection of recurrent disease. However, with the increasing use of FDG PET/CT, sites of increased activity have been occasionally discovered in unexpected locations which may not correlate with the patient’s clinical history or the expected spread of the primary malignancy. The aim of this study is to detect the diagnostic value of PET/CT in breast cancer patients; comparing PET/CT performance with that of contrast enhanced CT in diagnosis of breast cancer and distant metastasis. Material and Methods: A prospective study carried out at National liver institute –Menoufia University from January 2016 to December 2017. It included 30 female patients. All patients had pathologically confirmed breast cancer. All patients underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT examination. Patients fasting for about 6 hours before study, then 370–550 MBq of 18F-FDG was injected. Approximately after 60 min from injection, PET/CT scans were performed. Following PET imaging, volumetric contrast enhanced CT scanning was performed from skull base to mid-thigh on the same PET/CT machine. Images were reconstructed and viewed on workstation. Results: The study included 30 female patients with breast cancer, mean age: 53.56 years ±10.64 (SD), age range: 33-73years. Detection of contralateral breast affection in 2 patients (6.7%) and distant metastasis were seen on PET/CT. Sites of distant metastasis included: bone (n=12), axillary lymph nodes (n=11), cervical lymph nodes (n=6), mediastinal lymph nodes (n=12), abdominal lymph nodes (n=8), liver (n=5), lung (n=11) and other visceral sites metastasis (n=9).PET/CT detected breast lesions with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 95.4%. In contrast, the sensitivity and specificity of CT alone were 81.2% and 90.4% respectively. Conclusion: PET/CT has superiority over CT alone in detecting breast lesions and distant metastases.
Real-World Experience With Apremilast in the Treatment of Adults With Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis in Québec: A Claims-Based Analysis of Drug Utilization and Healthcare Resource Utilization
Authors: Poulin Yves , Beauchemin Catherine , Royer Catherine , Gaudreau Anne-Julie , Yim Clarabella , Liu Fei Fei , Lachaine Jean 
Published: June 2020

Background In Québec, targeted biologic therapies for moderate to severe plaque psoriasis are restricted to patients who have not responded to phototherapy or conventional systemic treatment, primarily due to high drug costs. Apremilast, an oral treatment for plaque psoriasis, was added to the Québec provincial health insurance plan (Régie de l’assurance maladie du Québec; RAMQ) formulary in 2015, making this the only province in Canada with public drug plan reimbursement for apremilast. Objectives The aim of this study is to describe patients’ characteristics, treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), and associated costs and to measure real-world budget impact of using apremilast before biologics in plaque psoriasis. Methods This study was performed using RAMQ drug claims and medical services data. Patients diagnosed with psoriasis between January 2015 and December 2017 were identified. Medical services and prescription claims were categorized as all-cause and psoriasis-related. Using RAMQ database estimates, a 3-year budget impact analysis was developed comparing treatment cost with and without the addition of apremilast to the formulary. Results In all, 540 patients were identified (apremilast: n = 92; biologics: n = 448). Comorbidity burden and treatment persistence and adherence were comparable between apremilast and biologic users. The year following the index date, all-cause HCRU was lower for apremilast versus biologic users (CAN$19 763 vs CAN$28 025; P < .01), mainly driven by drug cost. Using apremilast before biologics resulted in an estimated RAMQ net savings of CAN$49 290 (2015), CAN$746 856 (2016), and CAN$1 216 512 (2017), and a total savings of CAN$2 012 658 since apremilast’s addition to the formulary. Conclusion Adding apremilast to the drug formulary of other Canadian provinces could result in significant healthcare savings.
“An Expanded Window of Understanding a Changed Everyday Life”—Experiences From Patients With Long-Term Conditions After Attending Group Learning Sessions
Authors: Lindblad Anna , Hedberg Berith , Nygårdh Annette , Petersson Christina 
Published: June 2020

Objective: Health education programs using group learning sessions for patients with long-term conditions have been tested, but not evaluated. In order to evaluate such sessions, the purpose was to explore experiences from patients with long-term conditions after participating in group learning sessions. Methods: A descriptive design based on qualitative content analysis was used. Interviews were conducted with 19 patients with different long-term conditions, and participants were asked about their experiences after taking part in the group learning sessions. Results: Sharing experiences with one another gave them opportunities for learning. Patients described a metaphorical “expanded window,” which opens in the group learning sessions; comparable to encounters during regular visits to health care providers. The nature of the learning environment that follows the educational model, together with describing lived experiences, allowed patients to share capability and resources, which was found to be foundational. Conclusions: The health education program as a format was important for shared learning. The facilitator can support the learning by structuring the format, but most essential was sharing experiences that facilitated each patient’s learning that can aid the support of individual self-management.
Intimate partner violence among postpartum women at a teaching hospital in Nigeria’s Federal Capital City: pattern and materno-fetal outcomes
Authors: Akaba Godwin O. , Abdullahi Habiba I. 
Published: June 2020

Background: Intimate partner violence is an important public health and human rights issue. Previous studies have considered intimate partner violence in pregnancy mainly among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics thereby missing out a few who may encounter this problem in late pregnancy or just before delivery. This study had the objective of ascertaining the prevalence, pattern of intimate partner violence, and associated materno-fetal outcomes. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between January 2017 and June 2017 among postpartum mothers at a Nigerian Teaching Hospital just before being discharged home. The abuse assessment score was adapted and used to interview women regarding possible intimate partner violence experiences within the past 1 year and during the pregnancy after obtaining written consent. Results: Out of 349 postpartum women interviewed, 102/349 (29.2%) experienced intimate partner violence in the past 1 year, while 18/349 (5.2%) of intimate partner violence occurred in the index pregnancy. Sexual partners were the main perpetuators of intimate partner violence, 67/102 (65.7%), while 35/102 (34.3%) were by someone else other than their sexual partners. Among those abused in the current pregnancy, 10/18 (55.6%) were abused once and the remaining 8/18 (44.4%) were abused more than once. Intimate partner violence was associated with higher chances of cesarean section ( p = 0.001), increased risk of lesser birth weight babies ( p = 0.014), and maternal complications in pregnancy ( p = 0.030). Conclusion: The prevalence of intimate partner violence in pregnancy in Abuja is high with associated poor materno-fetal outcomes. Enforcing existing legislations and screening for intimate partner violence during routine antenatal care may help reduce its prevalence and ensure a positive pregnancy experience for Nigerian women.
Patterns of salivary microbiota injury and oral mucositis in recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Shouval Roni , Eshel Adi , Dubovski Bar , Kuperman Amir A. , Danylesko Ivetta , Fein Joshua A. , Fried Shalev , Geva Mika , Kouniavski Elizaveta , Neuman Hadar , Armon-Omer Ayelet , Shahien Radi , Muller Efrat , Noecker Cecilia , Borenstein Elhanan , Louzoun Yoram , Nagler Arnon , Koren Omry 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Oral mucositis (OM) is a common debilitating dose-limiting toxicity of cancer treatment, including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We hypothesized that the oral microbiome is disturbed during allogeneic HSCT, partially accounting for the variability in OM severity. Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence analysis, metabolomic profiling, and computational methods, we characterized the behavior of the salivary microbiome and metabolome of 184 patients pre- and post-HSCT. Transplantation was associated with a decrease in oral α diversity in all patients. In contrast to the gut microbiome, an association with overall survival was not detected. Among 135 patients given methotrexate for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis pre-HSCT, Kingella and Atopobium abundance correlated with future development of severe OM. Posttransplant, Methylobacterium species were significantly enriched in patients with severe OM. Moreover, the oral microbiome and metabolome of severe OM patients underwent distinct changes post-HSCT, compared with patients with no or mild OM. Changes in specific metabolites were well explained by microbial composition, and the common metabolic pathway was the polyamines pathway, which is essential for epithelial homeostasis. Together, our findings suggest that salivary microbial composition and metabolites are associated with the development of OM, offering new insights on pathophysiology and potential avenues of intervention.
A community-based, sport-led programme to increase physical activity in an area of deprivation: a qualitative case study
Authors: Garner-Purkis Aphra , Alageel Samah , Burgess Caroline , Gulliford Martin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Engaging in physical activity is essential for maintaining mental and physical health but a high proportion of adults are inactive, especially in areas of socioeconomic deprivation. We evaluated a novel exercise referral scheme funded by Sport England and run by a social enterprise in an area of socioeconomic deprivation in inner London. This study aimed to examine the experiences of participants and staff and to identify barriers and facilitators of implementation and participation in this and potentially similar projects.

Methods
Thirty-five semi-structured interviews with project participants (N = 25) and staff members involved with the project (N = 10) were conducted based at one centre in London in 2017/2018. The interview schedule was informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework. Data was analysed using the Framework method and NVivo software.

Results
Three themes emerged from the data: ‘Not like your regular gym’, Individual journeys and Practical aspects of the scheme. Study participants regarded the environment of the project centre as friendly and sociable. The project differed from a commercial gym by offering free or subsidised membership and the participation of people of all sizes and abilities. Classes were provided free of charge and this, together with mentor support, facilitated participation and continuation in the project. Participants reported changes not only in their physical activity level, but also in their physical and mental health. Additionally, their families’ lifestyle changes were reported. Difficulties of accessing the project included lack of awareness of the project and lack of engagement from key referring groups.

Conclusions
Providing free or subsidised classes incorporating individualised assessment, follow-up and support appeared to facilitate engagement in physical activity among socioeconomically deprived populations. The supportive social context of the centre was a major facilitator. Differing levels of abilities and health status among participants call for special attention. Increasing community and referrer awareness of available exercise referral schemes and enhancing communication between sources of referrals and project staff may help to address access issues.