bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoimprint Lithography‐Directed Self‐Assembly of Bimetallic Iron–M (M=Palladium, Platinum) Complexes for Magnetic Patterning
Authors: Meng Zhengong , Li Guijun , Yiu Sze‐Chun , Zhu Nianyong , Yu Zhen‐Qiang , Leung Chi‐Wah , Manners Ian , Wong Wai‐Yeung 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSelf‐assembly of d8 metal polypyridine systems is a well‐established approach for the creation of 1D organometallic assemblies but there are still challenges for the large‐scale construction of nanostructured patterns from these building blocks. We describe herein the use of high‐throughput nanoimprint lithography (NIL) to direct the self‐assembly of the bimetallic complexes [4′‐ferrocenyl‐(2,2′:6′,2′′‐terpyridine)M(OAc)]+(OAc)− (M=Pd or Pt; OAc=acetate). Uniform nanorods are fabricated from the molecular self‐organization and evidenced by morphological characterization. More importantly, when top‐down NIL is coupled with the bottom‐up self‐assembly of the organometallic building blocks, regular arrays of nanorods can be accessed and the patterns can be controlled by changing the lithographic stamp, where the mold imposes a confinement effect on the nanorod growth. In addition, patterns consisting of the products formed after pyrolysis are studied. The resulting arrays of ferromagnetic FeM alloy nanorods suggest promising potential for the scalable production of ordered magnetic arrays and fabrication of magnetic bit‐patterned media.
Molecular Intercalation and Electronic Two Dimensionality in Layered Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Sheikh Tariq , Nawale Vaibhav , Pathoor Nithin , Phadnis Chinmay , Chowdhury Arindam , Nag Angshuman 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn layered hybrid perovskites, such as (BA)2PbI4 (BA=C4H9NH3), electrons and holes are considered to be confined in atomically thin two dimensional (2D) Pb–I inorganic layers. These inorganic layers are electronically isolated from each other in the third dimension by the insulating organic layers. Herein we report our experimental findings that suggest the presence of electronic interaction between the inorganic layers in some parts of the single crystals. The extent of this interaction is reversibly tuned by intercalation of organic and inorganic molecules in the layered perovskite single crystals. Consequently, optical absorption and emission properties switch reversibly with intercalation. Furthermore, increasing the distance between inorganic layers by increasing the length of the organic spacer cations systematically decreases these electronic interactions. This finding that the parts of the layered hybrid perovskites are not strictly electronically 2D is critical for understanding the electronic, optical, and optoelectronic properties of these technologically important materials.
Rapid Generation of Hierarchically Porous Metal–Organic Frameworks through Laser Photolysis
Authors: Wang Kun‐Yu , Feng Liang , Yan Tian‐Hao , Wu Shengxiang , Joseph Elizabeth A. , Zhou Hong‐Cai 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks (HP‐MOFs) facilitate mass transfer due to mesoporosity while preserving the advantage of microporosity. This unique feature endows HP‐MOFs with remarkable application potential in multiple fields. Recently, new methods such as linker labilization for the construction of HP‐MOFs have emerged. To further enrich the synthetic toolkit of MOFs, we report a controlled photolytic removal of linkers to create mesopores within microporous MOFs at tens of milliseconds. Ultraviolet (UV) laser has been applied to eliminate “photolabile” linkers without affecting the overall crystallinity and integrity of the original framework. Presumably, the creation of mesopores can be attributed to the missing‐cluster defects, which can be tuned through varying the time of laser exposure and ratio of photolabile/robust linkers. Upon laser exposure, MOF crystals shrank while metal oxide nanoparticles formed giving rise to the HP‐MOFs. In addition, photolysis can also be utilized for the fabrication of complicated patterns with high precision, paving the way towards MOF lithography, which has enormous potential in sensing and catalysis.
How representations of number and numeracy predict decision paradoxes: A fuzzy‐trace theory approach
Authors: Reyna Valerie F. , Brust‐Renck Priscila G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHigher numeracy has been associated with decision biases in some numerical judgment‐and‐decision problems. According to fuzzy‐trace theory, understanding such paradoxes involves broadening the concept of numeracy to include processing the gist of numbers—their categorical and ordinal relations—in addition to objective (verbatim) knowledge about numbers. We assess multiple representations of gist, as well as numeracy, and use them to better understand and predict systematic paradoxes in judgment and decision‐making. In two samples (Ns = 978 and 957), we assessed categorical (some vs. none) and ordinal gist representations of numbers (higher vs. lower, as in relative magnitude judgment, estimation, approximation, and simple ratio comparison), objective numeracy, and a nonverbal, nonnumeric measure of fluid intelligence in predicting: (a) decision preferences exhibiting the Allais paradox and (b) attractiveness ratings of bets with and without a small loss in which the loss bet is rated higher than the objectively superior no‐loss bet. Categorical and ordinal gist tasks predicted unique variance in paradoxical decisions and judgments, beyond objective numeracy and intelligence. Whereas objective numeracy predicted choosing or rating according to literal numerical superiority, appreciating the categorical and ordinal gist of numbers was pivotal in predicting paradoxes. These results bring important paradoxes under the same explanatory umbrella, which assumes three types of representations of numbers—categorical gist, ordinal gist, and objective (verbatim)—that vary in their strength across individuals.
Atomic Force Microscopy in Mechanoimmunology Analysis: A New Perspective for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Kristi Natalia , Gafur Alidha , Kong Lingwen , Ma Xinshuang , Ye Zhiyi , Wang Guixue 
Published: April 2020

AbstractImmunotherapy has remarkable success outcomes against hematological malignancies with high rates of complete remission. To date, many studies have been conducted to increase its effectiveness in other types of cancer. However, it still yields unsatisfying results in solid tumor therapy. This limitation is partly attributed to the lack of understanding of how immunotherapy works in cancer from other perspectives. The traditional studies focus on the biological and chemical perspectives to determine which molecular substrates are involved in the immune system that can eradicate cancer cells. In the last decades, accumulating evidence has shown that physical properties also play important roles in the immune system to combat cancer, which is studied in mechanoimmunology. Mechanoimmunology analysis requires special tools; and herein, atomic force microscopy (AFM) appears as a versatile tool to determine and quantify the mechanical properties of a sample in nanometer precisions. Owing to its multifunctional capabilities, AFM can be used to explore immune system function from the physical perspective. This review paper explains the mechanoimmunology of how immune systems work through AFM, which includes mechanosignaling, mechanosensing, and mechanotransduction, with the aim to deepen the understanding of the mechanistic role of immunotherapy for further development in cancer treatment.
LIMD1‐AS1 suppressed non‐small cell lung cancer progression through stabilizing LIMD1 mRNA via hnRNP U
Authors: Pan Jianyuan , Tang Yongqin , Liu Shumei , Li Lily , Yu Bo , Lu Yuanyuan , Wang Yu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) occupies the majority of lung cancer cases and is notorious for the awful prognosis. LIM domains‐containing 1 (LIMD1) is suggested as a tumor suppressor in lung cancer, but its mechanism in NSCLC remains elusive. Present study aimed to uncover the mechanism of LIMD1 in NSCLC.MethodsqRT‐PCR was performed to analyze the level of LIMD1. The functions of LIMD1 in NSCLC cells were evaluated by CCK‐8, EdU, and caspase‐3 activity assays. RIP and pull‐down assays were applied to determine the interaction of LIMD1 with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNP U) and LIMD1‐AS1.ResultsLIMD1 was downregulated in NSCLC samples and cells. Functionally, LIMD1 hindered proliferation and drove apoptosis in NSCLC cells. Moreover, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LIMD1 antisense RNA 1 (LIMD1‐AS1) was downregulated in NSCLC samples and cell lines. LIMD1‐AS1 knockdown abrogated NSCLC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, LIMD1‐AS1 stabilized LIMD1 mRNA through interacting with hnRNP U. Rescue experiments suggested that LIMD1‐AS1 repressed NSCLC progression through LIMD1.ConclusionsLIMD1‐AS1 suppressed NSCLC progression through stabilizing LIMD1 mRNA via hnRNP U, providing new thoughts for the improvement of molecular‐targeted therapy for NSCLC.
Riboflavin Is Directly Involved in N‐Dealkylation Catalyzed by Bacterial Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases
Authors: Zhang Chengchang , Lu Meiling , Lin Lin , Huang Zhangjian , Zhang Rongguang , Wu Xuri , Chen Yijun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLike a vast number of enzymes in nature, bacterial cytochrome P450 monooxygenases require an activated form of flavin as a cofactor for catalytic activity. Riboflavin is the precursor of FAD and FMN that serves as indispensable cofactor for flavoenzymes. In contrast to previous notions, herein we describe the identification of an electron‐transfer process that is directly mediated by riboflavin for N‐dealkylation by bacterial P450 monooxygenases. The electron relay from NADPH to riboflavin and then via activated oxygen to heme was proposed based on a combination of X‐ray crystallography, molecular modeling and molecular dynamics simulation, site‐directed mutagenesis and biochemical analysis of representative bacterial P450 monooxygenases. This study provides new insights into the electron transfer mechanism in bacterial P450 enzyme catalysis and likely in yeasts, fungi, plants and mammals.
Perforating the GORE® CARDIOFORM septal occluder and atrial septal defect occluder to gain access to the left atrium
Authors: Anderson Jason H. , Adamson Teagan , Migliati Elton , Herlihy Jennipher , Danieu Pierrette , Daly John , Allen Carissa , Hua Khoa , Inglessis Ignacio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivePerforate the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane of the GORE® CARDIOFORM Septal Occluder (GSO) and GORE® CARDIOFORM ASD Occluder (GCA) after implantation.BackgroundPercutaneous transseptal access to the left atrium is necessary for many structural and electrophysiological procedures. The potential need to access the left atrium may influence decision‐making for patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect closure.MethodsSixteen canines underwent implantation of equal number GSO or GCA devices. A transseptal crossing procedure was performed through the device 85 (±1) days postoccluder implantation. The crossing procedure was performed utilizing commercially available equipment: radiofrequency/SureFlex sheath and standard needle/Mullin's sheath. Progressive dilation of the perforation was performed to allow passage of a 12 French Mullin's sheath into the left atrium.ResultsLeft atrial access was achieved in all cases. Postmortem analysis demonstrated passage through both occluder discs in all radiofrequency/SureFlex sheath cases (4 GSO, 4 GCA) and half of the standard needle/Mullin's sheath cases (3 GSO, 1 GCA). The remaining standard needle/Mullin's sheath cases demonstrated perforation through the right atrial disc but passage around the septal aspect of the left atrial disc, thus not perforating the left atrial disc. No acute embolic complications from the procedure were observed.ConclusionsLeft atrial access may be achieved through the GSO or GCA devices after implantation and endothelialization. The combination of a radiofrequency needle and steerable sheath provides benefit over a standard needle and Mullin's sheath in accomplishing passage through both occluder discs.
Hydrogen‐Bonded Crystalline Molecular Machines with Ultrafast Rotation and Displacive Phase Transitions
Authors: Colin‐Molina Abraham , Jellen Marcus J. , Rodríguez‐Hernández Joelis , Cifuentes‐Quintal Miguel Eduardo , Barroso Jorge , Toscano Rubén A. , Merino Gabriel , Rodríguez‐Molina Braulio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTwo new crystalline rotors 1 and 2 assembled through N−H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonds by using halogenated carbazole as stators and 1,4‐diaza[2.2.2]bicyclooctane (DABCO) as the rotator, are described. The dynamic characterization through 1H T1 relaxometry experiments indicate very low rotational activation barriers (Ea) of 0.67 kcal mol−1 for 1 and 0.26 kcal mol−1 for 2, indicating that DABCO can reach a THz frequency at room temperature in the latter. These Ea values are supported by solid‐state density functional theory computations. Interestingly, both supramolecular rotors show a phase transition between 298 and 250 K, revealed by differential scanning calorimetry and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The subtle changes in the crystalline environment of these rotors that can alter the motion of an almost barrierless DABCO are discussed here.
Supramolecular Assembly of Metal Complexes by (Aryl)I⋅⋅⋅d[PtII] Halogen Bonds
Authors: Katlenok Eugene A. , Haukka Matti , Levin Oleg V. , Frontera Antonio , Kukushkin Vadim Yu. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe theoretical data for the half‐lantern complexes [{Pt(
)(μ‐
)}2] [1–3;
is cyclometalated 2‐Ph‐benzothiazole;
is 2‐SH‐pyridine (1), 2‐SH‐benzoxazole (2), 2‐SH‐tetrafluorobenzothiazole (3)] indicate that the Pt⋅⋅⋅Pt orbital interaction increases the nucleophilicity of the outer d
orbitals to provide assembly with electrophilic species. Complexes 1–3 were co‐crystallized with bifunctional halogen bonding (XB) donors to give adducts (1–3)2⋅(1,4‐diiodotetrafluorobenzene) and infinite polymeric [1⋅1,1′‐diiodoperfluorodiphenyl]n. X‐ray crystallography revealed that the supramolecular assembly is achieved through (Aryl)I⋅⋅⋅d
[PtII] XBs between iodine σ‐holes and lone pairs of the positively charged (PtII)2 centers acting as nucleophilic sites. The polymer includes a curved linear chain ⋅⋅⋅Pt2⋅⋅⋅I(areneF)I⋅⋅⋅Pt2⋅⋅⋅ involving XB between iodine atoms of the perfluoroarene linkers and (PtII)2 moieties. The 195Pt NMR, UV/Vis, and CV studies indicate that XB is preserved in CH(D)2Cl2 solutions.
Conformational preference of bicyclic β‐amino acid dipeptides
Authors: Otani Yuko , Park Seokhwi , Ohwada Tomohiko 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBridged bicyclic amino acids have high potential applicability as self‐organized, conformationally constrained synthetic building blocks that do not require assistance from hydrogen bond formation. We systematically investigated the intrinsic conformational propensities of dipeptides of bridged bicyclic β‐amino acids by means of accelerated molecular dynamics simulation and density functional theory (DFT) calculations in methanol, chloroform, and water. While the main‐chain conformation, represented by φ and θ values, is fixed by the nature of the bicyclic ring structure, rotation of the C‐terminal carbonyl group (ψ) is also restricted, converging to one or two minima. In endo‐type dipeptides, in which the two N‐ and C‐terminal amides are spatially close to each other, the C‐terminal amide plane is placed horizontally. In exo‐type dipeptides, in which the two amides are on opposite sides of the ring plane, the C‐terminal carbonyl group can take two types of positions: either parallel/antiparallel with the N‐terminal carbonyl or beneath the bicyclic ring, forcing the amide NHMe moiety to lie outside of the ring. We also examined the cis‐trans preference of model bicyclic amides. Although the parent amides exhibit cis‐trans equilibrium without any preference, addition of a methyl group on one of the bridgehead positions tips the equilibrium towards trans.
Cost‐efficiency disk failure prediction via threshold‐moving
Authors: Jiang Tianming , Huang Ping , Zhou Ke 
Published: April 2020

SummarySelf‐Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (SMART) is a technology in hard disk drives to predict impending disk failures for data repair in advance. As the prediction accuracy of SMART is unsatisfactory, recently, machine learning techniques have been explored to improve the prediction accuracy. Those approaches treat disk failure prediction as a binary classification problem and take SMART attributes as features, and some of them achieve satisfactory prediction accuracy. However, there is no uniform metric to measure the financial impact of these methods whose primary objective is to reduce disk failure recovery costs via disk failure prediction. In this article, from a financial impact perspective, we propose a simple, yet practical, metric Mean‐Cost‐To‐Recovery (MCTR) for disk failure prediction in data centers. Specifically, by assigning different weights to mispredicted healthy disks and failed disks, we measure the entire misprediction costs, that is, MCTR. In addition, we argue that the commonly used threshold 0.5 for disk failure prediction is suboptimal because of the fact of data imbalance, that is, failed disks are much fewer than healthy ones. To find the optimal threshold which renders minimal MCTR, we wrap a cost‐minimizing procedure around disk failure prediction and use a threshold‐moving technique for searching. Moreover, to map sample‐level prediction results to disk‐level prediction results, a modified leaky‐bucket algorithm is design to determine the disk health state by considering its multiple sample‐level prediction results. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we conduct extensive experiments using three real‐world datasets. The experimental results show that compared with reactive data protection schemes, we can reduce MCTR by up to 86.9%, and compared with cost‐blind failure predictions, we can reduce MCTR by up to 22.3%.
Turning Waste into Value: Potassium‐Promoted Red Mud as an Effective Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of CO2
Authors: Russkikh Artem , Shterk Genrikh , Al‐Solami Bandar H. , Fadhel Bandar A. , Ramirez Adrian , Gascon Jorge 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSince 1887, red mud has been an unavoidable waste derived from the production of alumina in the Bayer process. Because of its high alkalinity and metal loading, red mud disposal and storage constitute a significant environmental risk. With worldwide storage capacity reaching its limits and no alternatives to the Bayer Process, the development of methods for the valorization of red mud is a must. In this study, red mud is converted into an efficient catalyst for the valorization of CO2. By simple potassium promotion, 45 % conversion of CO2 with a light olefin (C2–C4) selectivity of 36 % is achieved at 375 °C, 30 bar, and 9600 mL g−1 h−1, matching the performance of some of the best catalysts reported to date.
Steno type 1 risk engine and preclinical atherosclerosis in Mediterranean individuals with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Viñals C. , Conget I. , Pané A. , Boswell L. , Perea V. , Blanco A. J. , Ruiz S. , Giménez M. , Vinagre I. , Esmatjes E. , Ortega E. , Amor A. J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsTools to detect type 1 diabetes (T1D) individuals at overt cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are scarce. We aimed to assess the usefulness of the score ‘Steno Type 1 Risk Engine’ (Steno‐Risk) to identify T1D patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis.Material and methodsT1D patients without CVD with at least one of the following were included: ≥40 years, diabetic nephropathy, or diabetes duration ≥10 years with ≥1 CVD risk factor. Intima‐media thickness (IMT) and plaque presence (IMT ≥1.5 mm) were assessed by standardized B‐mode ultrasonography. Steno‐Risk was used to estimate 10‐year risk (<10% low; 10%‐20% moderate; ≥20% high risk). Associations between Steno‐Risk and preclinical atherosclerosis were assessed after adjusting for other CVD risk factors.ResultsWe evaluated 302 patients (55% men, age 47.8 ± 9.8 years, T1D duration 26.3 ± 9.3 years). The prevalence of carotid plaque and ≥2 plaques were 36.4% and 19.2%, respectively; without sex differences. Age (57.4 ± 7.4 vs 37.1 ± 6.2 years), T1D duration (31.3 ± 10.4 vs 21.5 ± 7.1 years), hypertension (52.3% vs 6.3%), nephropathy (25.6% vs 5.1%) and retinopathy (53.5% vs 32.9%) were higher in high‐risk (n = 86) vs low‐risk participants (n = 79; P < .001 for all). Preclinical atherosclerosis (IMT and plaque) increased in parallel with Steno‐Risk (P < .001). In logistic regression analysis, both age ≥40 years and Steno‐Risk ≥20% were associated with the presence of plaque (OR 4.22 [1.57‐11.36] and 3.79 [1.61‐6.80]; respectively), but only high Steno‐Risk remained independently associated with ≥2 plaques (OR 3.31 [1.61‐6.80]).ConclusionSteno‐Risk is independently associated with preclinical atherosclerosis. Further studies are needed to ascertain its usefulness in this high‐risk population.
Toward a standardized quantitative and qualitative insect monitoring scheme
Authors: Hausmann Axel , Segerer Andreas H. , Greifenstein Thomas , Knubben Johannes , Morinière Jerôme , Bozicevic Vedran , Doczkal Dieter , Günter Armin , Ulrich Werner , Habel Jan Christian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe number of insect species and insect abundances decreased severely during the past decades over major parts of Central Europe. Previous studies documented declines of species richness, abundances, shifts in species composition, and decreasing biomass of flying insects. In this study, we present a standardized approach to quantitatively and qualitatively assess insect diversity, biomass, and the abundance of taxa, in parallel. We applied two methods: Malaise traps, and automated and active light trapping. Sampling was conducted from April to October 2018 in southern Germany, at four sites representing conventional and organic farming. Bulk samples obtained from Malaise traps were further analyzed using DNA metabarcoding. Larger moths (Macroheterocera) collected with light trapping were further classified according to their degree of endangerment. Our methods provide valuable quantitative and qualitative data. Our results indicate more biomass and higher species richness, as well as twice the number of Red List lepidopterans in organic farmland than in conventional farmland. This combination of sampling methods with subsequent DNA metabarcoding and assignments of individuals according depending on ecological characteristics and the degree of endangerment allows to evaluate the status of landscapes and represents a suitable setup for large‐scale long‐term insect monitoring across Central Europe, and elsewhere.