bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tick-borne rickettsioses in Europe – a review
Authors: Borawski K , Dunaj J , Pancewicz S , Król M , Czupryna P , Moniuszko-Malinowska A 
Published: February 2020

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><br />Tick-borne rickettsioses are emerging diseases in Europe. The Mediterranean region is endemic for rickettsioses, but the disease can also occur in other European countries.<br />Ticks can be a vector of these bacteria. Spotted fevers caused by rickettsiae have nonspecific symptoms and are difficult to diagnose. The results of serological tests are positive many days after the onset of symptoms. PCR method can be useful in the diagnostic process. In the article we discuss the problem of rickettsia in Europe.</p>
<p><strong>STRESZCZENIE</strong><br />Riketsjozy przenoszone przez kleszcze są stosunkowo nowymi chorobami w Europie. Region śródziemnomorski jest endemiczny dla riketsjoz, ale choroby mogą również występować w innych krajach Europy.<br />Kleszcze mogą być wektorem tych bakterii. Gorączki plamiste wywoływane przez riketsje mają niespecyficzne objawy i są trudne do zdiagnozowania. Wyniki testów serologicznych są pozytywne wiele dni po wystąpieniu objawów. Przydatność w diagnostyce może wykazać metoda PCR. W artykule omawiamy problem riketsji w Europie.</p>
Tablet Development for a Hydroscopic Drug Using Solid Dispersion
Authors: Terenteva O. A. , Vainshtein V. A. , Flisyuk E. V. , Generalova Yu. E. 
Published: February 2020

Introduction. Traumatic brain injury is a damage to the brain from an external mechanical force, possibly leading to permanent or temporary impairment of cognitive, physical, and psychosocial functions. It is a leading cause of death and disability among children and young adults. In connection with the above, the objective of developing new, more effective nootropic and antiasthenic drugs in the framework of restorative neurology is considered as one of the priority tasks of medical science in Russia.Aim. Development the composition and technology of tablets containing a hygroscopic substance using solid dispersions.Materials and methods. The pharmaceutical substance of a diethylaminoethanol derivative having antihypoxic, neuroprotective, adaptogenic and antioxidant effects is a hygroscopic powder. PEG 6000 was chosen as a matrix for solid dispersion production. Solid dispersions were obtained by high shear mixing and hot-melt extrusion. The technological properties of granulate and the quality indicators of the tablets were determined according to the methods described in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (14th edition).Results and discussion. The lactose mixed with the DEAE-PEG composition alloy improve the technological properties of granulate.Conclusion. A decrease water-absorbing ability of DEAE was achieved using PEG 6000 as a matrix carrier. The increase PEG content did not lead to a significant change in the kinetics of the release of DEAE from tablets.
A New Method to Classify Type IIP/IIL Supernovae Based on Their Spectra
Authors: Kou Shihao , Chen Xingzhuo , Liu Xuewen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractType IIP and Type IIL supernovae are defined on the basis of their light curves, but the spectral criteria for distinguishing these two types of supernovae (SNe) remain unclear. We propose a spectral classification method. First, we subtract the principal components of different wavelength bands in the spectra based on the functional principal components analysis method. Then, we use support vector machine and artificial neural network to classify these two types of SNe. The best F1_Score of our classifier is 0.871 for SNe IIL, and 0.974 for SNe IIP. We found that by only using the Hαline at 6150–6800 Å for classification, the F1_Score up to 0.961 for Type IIP, and 0.818 for Type IIL SNe can be obtained. These results indicate that the profile of the Hαspectral line is the key to distinguishing the two types of SNe.
The Gravitational Lensing Signatures of BOSS Voids in the Cosmic Microwave Background
Authors: Raghunathan Srinivasan , Nadathur Seshadri , Sherwin Blake D. , Whitehorn Nathan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We report a

detection of the gravitational lensing effect of cosmic voids from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Data Release 12 seen in the Planck 2018 cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing convergence map. To make this detection, we introduce new optimal techniques for void stacking and filtering of the CMB maps, such as binning voids by a combination of their observed galaxy density and size to separate those with distinctive lensing signatures. We calibrate theoretical expectations for the void lensing signal using mock catalogs generated in a suite of 108 full-sky lensing simulations from Takahashi et al. Relative to these templates, we measure the lensing amplitude parameter in the data to be A

L
= 1.10 ± 0.21 using a matched-filter stacking technique and confirm it using an alternative Wiener-filtering method. We demonstrate that the result is robust against thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich contamination and other sources of systematics. We use the lensing measurements to test the relationship between the matter and galaxy distributions within voids and show that the assumption of linear bias with a value consistent with galaxy clustering results is discrepant with observation at ∼3σ; we explain why such a result is consistent with simulations and previous results, and is expected as a consequence of void selection effects. We forecast the potential for void CMB lensing measurements in future data from the Advanced ACT, Simons Observatory, and CMB-S4 experiments, showing that, for the same number of voids, the achievable precision improves by a factor of more than 2 compared to Planck.
The Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources Population of the Galaxy NGC 7456
Authors: Pintore F. , Marelli M. , Salvaterra R. , Israel G. L. , Castillo G. A. Rodríguez , Esposito P. , Belfiore A. , Luca A. De , Wolter A. , Mereghetti S. , Stella L. , Rigoselli M. , Earnshaw H. P. , Pinto C. , Roberts T. P. , Walton D. J. , Bernardini F. , Haberl F. , Salvaggio C. , Tiengo A. , Zampieri L. , Bachetti M. , Brightman M. , Casella P. , D’Agostino D. , Dall’Osso S. , Fürst F. , Harrison F. A. , Mapelli M. , Papitto A. , Middleton M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are a class of accreting compact objects with X-ray luminosities above 1039 erg s−1. The ULX population counts several hundred objects but only a fraction are well studied. Here we present a detailed analysis of all ULXs hosted in the galaxy NGC 7456. It was observed in X-rays only once in the past (in 2005) by XMM-Newton. but the observation was short and strongly affected by high background. In 2018, we obtained a new, deeper (∼90 ks) XMM-Newton observation that allowed us to perform a detailed characterization of the ULXs hosted in the galaxy. ULX-1 and ULX-2, the two brightest objects (L

X
∼ 6−10 × 1039 erg s−1), have spectra that can be described by a model with two thermal components, as often found in ULXs. ULX-1 also shows one order of magnitude in flux variability on short-term timescales (hundreds to thousands of kiloseconds). The other sources (ULX-3 and ULX-4) show flux changes of at least an order of magnitude, and these objects may be candidate transient ULXs, although longer X-ray monitoring or further studies are required to ascribe them to the ULX population. In addition, we found a previously undetected source that might be a new candidate ULX (labeled as ULX-5), with a luminosity of ∼1039 erg s−1 and hard power-law spectral shape, whose nature is still unclear and for which a background active galactic nucleus cannot be excluded. We discuss the properties of all the ULXs in NGC 7456 within the framework of super-Eddington accretion onto stellar-mass compact objects. Although no pulsations were detected, we cannot exclude that the sources host neutron stars.
FPGA IMPLEMENTATION SYSTEM FOR QRS COMPLEX DETECTION
Authors: Meddah Karim , Talha Malika Kedir , Zairi Hadjer , Nouah Mohammed , Hadji Said , Ait Mohammed A. , Bessekri Besma , Cherrih Hachemi 
Published: February 2020

Due to the rising number of cardiovascular diseases death, the monitoring of cardiac patients has become a primary objective in the world. In this context, a fully FPGA-based system, for ECG signal monitoring and cardiac arrhythmia detection, has been proposed. The proposed QRS detection method is inspired by the Pan and Tompkins algorithm. It is optimized to be implemented in FPGA board Spartan 3 E (Nexys 2) using the VHDL language on the Xilinx ISE 14.2. In order to evaluate the effectiveness and reliability of our system, three comparative studies have been performed. The first comparison targeted the different results obtained with a floating-point representation under Matlab on one hand, and a fixed point representation under Xilinx ISE on the other hand, both using the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database records. The second comparison concerns the results obtained from the records of eight preselected subjects, with a commercialized electronic armband device ROMED BP-WR20 in a real-time test. The third is a comparison between the performance of our proposed method with the recent works in terms of reducing the FPGA resources list. The full embedded system has been realized completely from the signal acquisition to the display using the analog discovery device. The designed architecture has been validated using records obtained from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology — Beth Israel Hospital (MIT-BIH) arrhythmia database. It has also been validated in real-time via the analog discovery device. The overall accuracy and sensitivity are obtained as 97.6% and 97.3%, respectively.
TCRs with Distinct Specificity Profiles Use Different Binding Modes to Engage an Identical Peptide–HLA Complex
Authors: Coles Charlotte H. , Mulvaney Rachel M. , Malla Sunir , Walker Andrew , Smith Kathrine J. , Lloyd Angharad , Lowe Kate L. , McCully Michelle L. , Martinez Hague Ruth , Aleksic Milos , Harper Jane , Paston Samantha J. , Donnellan Zoe , Chester Fiona , Wiederhold Katrin , Robinson Ross A. , Knox Andrew , Stacey Andrea R. , Dukes Joseph , Baston Emma , Griffin Sue , Jakobsen Bent K. , Vuidepot Annelise , Harper Stephen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The molecular rules driving TCR cross-reactivity are poorly understood and, consequently, it is unclear the extent to which TCRs targeting the same Ag recognize the same off-target peptides. We determined TCR–peptide–HLA crystal structures and, using a single-chain peptide–HLA phage library, we generated peptide specificity profiles for three newly identified human TCRs specific for the cancer testis Ag NY-ESO-1157–165–HLA-A2. Two TCRs engaged the same central peptide feature, although were more permissive at peripheral peptide positions and, accordingly, possessed partially overlapping peptide specificity profiles. The third TCR engaged a flipped peptide conformation, leading to the recognition of off-target peptides sharing little similarity with the cognate peptide. These data show that TCRs specific for a cognate peptide recognize discrete peptide repertoires and reconciles how an individual’s limited TCR repertoire following negative selection in the thymus is able to recognize a vastly larger antigenic pool.
Psychometric properties and validation of the Polish adaptation of the Light Triad Scale
Authors: Gerymski Rafał , Krok Dariusz 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to examine the development and structural validation of the Polish version of the Light Triad Scale, which measures three factors: Faith in Humanity, Humanism, and Kantianism. This tool reflects caring and beneficent orienta-tion toward other people, which is demonstrated in everyday behaviour.Participants and procedureThe participants included 400 people aged between 18 and 80 (M = 29.17, SD = 10.60). To measure psychometric properties and for validation of the scale, we used the Polish Dirty Dozen scale and International Personality Item Pool-Big Five Aspect Scales.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis using α and ω coefficients, and two measures of validity (content and criterion validity) were applied. The statistical analyses confirmed an acceptable fit of the three-factor model. The α and ω reliability coef-ficients were satisfactory, with the highest value for Faith in Humanity, and the lowest one for Kantianism. The validity indices of CVR and CVI indicated that the Polish scale items fit well into the concept of the Light Triad.ConclusionsOverall, the Polish version of the Light Triad Scale proved to be a valuable and reliable tool which presents an innovative ap-proach to measuring positive features of personality and behaviour. Our results demonstrated that the scale as a whole has good psychometric properties that allow its use in further research.
Comparing the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization reprocessing and cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing post traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Moghadam Sahar , Kazemi Reza , Taklavi Somayyeh 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in children, adolescents and adults. It can occur alone or in comorbidity with other disorders. A broad range of psychotherapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) have been developed for the treatment of PTSD. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization reprocessing and cogni-tive behavioral therapy in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder.Participants and procedureThe population of this investigation was composed of 450 veterans of holy war who referred to military health services. The study sample contained 225 veterans who were randomly selected and asked to complete the Mississippi Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire. From 80 respondents who achieved above the min-imum score in the questionnaire, 40 persons were chosen randomly and assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. Subjects in the experimental group received eight sessions of CBT training and 8 ses-sions of EMDR therapy. Post tests were taken from all participants after therapy sessions. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS version 25.ResultsOur findings indicated a significant difference between EMDR and CBT groups in term of average PTSD. We also found a significant difference in terms of average PTSD between the control group and CBT as well as EMDR groups.ConclusionsThe results of the present study indicated that the eye movement desensitization reprocessing method and cognitive behavioral therapy are effective in reducing post-traumatic stress disorder. We also found that EMDR is more effective than CBT.
Sonographic soft tissue arthritic changes associated with post-stroke hemiplegic knee pain: utility of musculoskeletal ultrasound in a resource-limited setting
Authors: Aderibigbe Adeniyi S. , Famurewa Olushola C. , Komolafe Morenikeji A. , Omisore Adeleye D. , Adetiloye Victor A. 
Published: February 2020

PurposePost-stroke arthritic changes that may compromise rehabilitation have been described in the upper and lower limbs. We aimed at evaluating the soft tissue arthritic changes associated with pain in hemiplegic knees of stroke patients in our environment.Material and methodsHemiplegic and non-hemiplegic knees of 48 stroke patients as well as both knees of 26 apparently healthy controls were evaluated with a 7.5-12 MHz linear ultrasound probe. History of knee pain, and socio-demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were recorded for all study participants. Muscle tone and power as well as functional ambulatory category (FAC) were graded for the stroke patients. Data was analysed using SPSS version 20.ResultsPain was reported more often in hemiplegic than non-hemiplegic knees (n = 16 vs. n = 6, p = 0.021). The frequencies of soft tissue arthritic changes found, which included reduced lateral and medial femoral cartilage thickness, suprapatellar effusion, and irregular cartilage-bone margin, were similar between hemiplegic and non-hemiplegic knees (p > 0.05). Suprapatellar effusion and reduced lateral femoral cartilage thickness were more prevalent in the hemiplegic knees compared to the healthy control knees (p < 0.05). Stroke patients with pes anserinus tendinosis had greater risk of hemiplegic knee pain (HKP) when compared to stroke patients without this lesion (OR = 10; 95% CI: 1.7-61). FAC, muscle tone, and power showed no association with HKP.ConclusionsSoft tissue arthritic changes associated with knee pain are comparable between hemiplegic and non-hemiplegic knees of stroke patients. The risk of knee pain in stroke is higher in the presence of pes anserinus tendinosis.
Comparative effect of constraint-induced movement therapy and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on upper limb function of chronic stroke survivors
Authors: Abba Muhammad Aliyu , Muhammad Abubakar Shuaibu , Badaru Umar Muhammad , Abdullahi Auwal 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionStroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on upper limb function of chronic stroke survivors.MethodsOverall, 30 stroke survivors were recruited via convenient sampling and consecutively assigned into 2 groups (15 participants each). Group A received CIMT while group B received PNF techniques. All treatments were administered on the affected upper limb, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) scale was used to evaluate upper limb function. Descriptive statistics served to summarize the demographic characteristics of the participants and inferential statistics of t-test was used to determine the effect of the interventions within the groups and between the groups on the basis of FMA. All statistical analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 16.0) at the alpha level of 0.05.ResultsThe participants’ mean age was 59.53 ± 9.92 and 63.00 ± 7.27 years for group A and B, respectively. No significant baseline difference was observed between the groups in the upper limb FMA (<i>p</i> > 0.05). A statistically significant post-intervention effect was noted for both treatment approaches; however, when the groups were compared, CIMT resulted in a better improvement than PNF.ConclusionsCIMT and PNF interventions are both beneficial in improving upper limb function, with CIMT being more advantageous. CIMT may be the preferred approach for the management of chronic upper limb post-stroke impairments.
Impacts of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria on Tropical Forage Grass in Brazil
Authors: Lopes Monyck Jeane dos Santos , Dias-Filho Moacyr Bernardino , Castro Thomaz Henrique dos Reis , Silva Edilson Ferreira da , Rêgo Marcela Cristiane Ferreira , Silva Gisele Barata da 
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria effects on anatomical characteristics and nutritional value of Brachiaria (Syn. Urochloa) brizantha cv. BRS Piatã. The experimental design applied was completely randomized design with three treatments: (1) non-inoculated unfertilized-control plants (C-), (2) non-inoculated fertilized-control plants (C+) and (3) B. brizantha inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens (BRM-32111) and Burkholderia pyrrocinia (BRM-32113). The following parameters were evaluated at 35 days after seedling emergence: biomass production, plant height, net photosynthesis (A), water-use efficiency (WUE), chlorophyll (SPAD), anatomical and nutritional. The rhizobacteria modified the anatomy of the leaf, culm and roots of B. brizantha. They also increased the chlorophyll content, A, WUE, total soluble carbohydrates, starch and crude protein contents, N, P, Mg and Fe concentrations, plant height, root area and biomass production. Therefore, we conclude that co-inoculation with P. fluorescens (BRM-32111) and B. pyrrocinia (BRM-32113) modified the anatomy and biochemistry of B. brizantha, promoting growth and nutrient accumulation. Therefore, these findings set up the basis for additional exploratory studies, using these rhizobacteria as biotechnological innovation with potential of use as biofertilizer in B. brizantha, aiming higher productivity and nutritive value in a more eco-friendly and sustainable pasture production system.
HER2 Dual In Situ Hybridization: Correlations and Cautions
Authors: Troxell Megan , Sibley Richard K. , West Robert B. , Bean Gregory R. , Allison Kimberly H. 
Published: February 2020

Context.—
Accurate HER2 testing in breast cancer is crucial for appropriate precision therapy. HER2 testing is most commonly accomplished by a combination of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques, as gene amplification is closely tied to protein overexpression. During the last 5+ years, brightfield dual in situ hybridization (DISH) has replaced fluorescence methods (fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH]) in some laboratories.

Objective.—
To analyze routine HER2 DISH performance in the field.

Design.—
We reviewed our experience with HER2 DISH performed at outside laboratories and referred for patient care.

Results.—
Of 273 identified retrospective DISH results, 55 had repeated FISH testing at our institution; 7 (13%) were discordant. Additional cases had technical flaws hampering appropriate scoring. In 23 cases (42%), HER2 DISH was performed without immunohistochemistry. Slide review of a prospective cohort of 42 consecutive DISH cases revealed 14 (33%) with technical or interpretative limitations potentially jeopardizing results. Commonly identified problems include lack of or weak signals in most tumor cells, and silver precipitate or red signals outside of nuclei, resulting in false-negative or false-positive interpretations, respectively. Further, 44% (24 of 55) of DISH reports lacked complete data, specifically average HER2 signals/cell.

Conclusions.—
While HER2 DISH can be an efficient and effective alternative to FISH, we illustrate pitfalls and reinforce that careful attention to slide quality and technical parameters are critically important. HER2 DISH cotesting with immunohistochemistry could help minimize false-negative or false-positive HER2 results.