bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geoarchaeological framework of Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene sites in the Aucilla River Basin, Northwest Florida, USA
Authors: Halligan Jessi J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe karstic Aucilla River of Northwest Florida is renowned for its well‐preserved late Pleistocene cultural material and Rancholabrean fauna. Much of this material was recovered by avocational SCUBA divers from displaced contexts in mid‐channel sinkholes, but underwater excavations into sediment banks on sink margins have demonstrated that faunal material and early artifacts can be recovered in situ from inundated terrestrial strata that contain dateable organics and microfossils useful for paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Underwater environmental data document the transition of Aucilla River localities from isolated spring‐fed ponds into an inter‐connected fluvial system due to rising sea levels and climate amelioration with several major periods of sinkhole infilling during the late Quaternary. Late Pleistocene components on land are largely absent or are undateable; these components, located in a subtropical cypress swamp in shallow clay‐rich soils, tend to be less well‐preserved, but still contain a rich record of human use on the landscape.
Point Shear-Wave Elastography Using Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging for the Prediction of Liver-Related Events in Patients With Chronic Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Sampere Lisa Hernandez , Vermehren Johannes , Mücke Victoria T. , Graf Christiana , Peiffer Kai-Henrik , Dultz Georg , Zeuzem Stefan , Waidmann Oliver , Filmann Natalie , Bojunga Joerg , Sarrazin Christoph , Friedrich-Rust Mireen , Mücke Marcus M. 
Published: November 2020

Chronic viral hepatitis is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. Our study shows good comparability of point shear wave elastography (pSWE) and transient elastography. pSWE is a promising tool for the prediction of liver-related events in patients with viral hepatitis, particularly in patients with cHCV.
Chronic viral hepatitis is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of our study was to assess the ability of point shear-wave elastography (pSWE) using acoustic radiation force impulse imaging for the prediction of the following liver-related events (LREs): new diagnosis of HCC, liver transplantation, or liver-related death (hepatic decompensation was not included as an LRE). pSWE was performed at study inclusion and compared with liver histology, transient elastography (TE), and serologic biomarkers (aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index, Fibrosis-4, FibroTest). The performance of pSWE and TE to predict LREs was assessed by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and a Cox proportional-hazards regression model. A total of 254 patients with a median follow-up of 78 months were included in the study. LRE occurred in 28 patients (11%) during follow-up. In both patients with hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV), pSWE showed significant correlations with noninvasive tests and TE, and median pSWE and TE values were significantly different between patients with LREs and patients without LREs (both P < 0.0001). In patients with HCV, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for pSWE and TE to predict LREs were comparable: 0.859 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.747-0.969) and 0.852 (95% CI, 0.737-0.967) (P = 0.93). In Cox regression analysis, pSWE independently predicted LREs in all patients with HCV (hazard ratio, 17.9; 95% CI, 5.21-61-17; P < 0.0001) and those who later received direct-acting antiviral therapy (hazard ratio, 17.11; 95% CI, 3.88-75.55; P = 0.0002). Conclusion: Our study shows good comparability between pSWE and TE. pSWE is a promising tool for the prediction of LREs in patients with viral hepatitis, particularly those with chronic HCV. Further studies are needed to confirm our data and assess their prognostic value in other liver diseases.
Prenatal diagnosis of Kagami‐Ogata syndrome
Authors: Molinet Coll Cristina , Sabrià Bach Joan , Izquierdo Renau Montserrat , Alarcón Allen Ana , Monk David , Gómez del Rincón Olga , Milà Recasens Montserrat , Martínez Crespo Josep Maria 
Published: November 2020

AbstractKagami‐Ogata syndrome (KOS14) is a rare congenital disorder associated with defective genomic imprinting of the chromosome 14q32 domain. Typical features include polyhydramnios, small and bell‐shaped thorax, coat‐hanger ribs, dysmorphic facial features, abdominal wall defects, placentomegaly, severe postnatal respiratory distress and intellectual disability. To the best of our knowledge, this may be the first case where ultrasound findings such as: severe polyhydramnios, a small bell‐shaped thorax, a protuberant abdomen and characteristic dysmorphic face prompted directed family interrogation finally leading to the prenatal diagnosis of KOS14.
Does Q‐MIX pretreatment improve the dentin bond durability of a two‐step self‐etch adhesive?
Authors: Tuncer Safa , Tekçe Neslihan , Demirci Mustafa , Kara Tuncer Aysun , Baydemir Canan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study aims to analyze and assess the effects of three particular dentin pretreatment solutions on the bond durability of a two‐step self‐etch adhesive (Optibond XTR) applied to dentin after ageing for 2 years. Thirty‐five third molars which were extracted (n = 5 for μTBS, n = 2 for nanoleakage) were divided into five groups: Group 1:Control (no pretreatment), Group 2:17% EDTA, Group 3:2% CHX, Group 4:17% EDTA plus 2% CHX, Group 5: Q‐Mix. After the pretreatments of dentin, the dentin adhesive was applied as per the guidelines provided by the manufacturer. Half of the specimens were subjected to μTBS tests for 24 hr, while the remaining half were subjected to the tests after being kept for 2 years in water storage. Also, nanoleakage was evaluated with FE‐SEM by examining silver nitrate deposits. The data obtained were evaluated using a two‐way analysis of variance and Tukey Post Hoc test. The dentin pretreatments did not affect the 24 hr and 2 years μTBS values for OptiBond XTR. At 24 hr, the EDTA + CHX group (50.3 ± 4.9) showed that the highest μTBS value was obtained. Water ageing significantly reduced the μTBS results and after 2 years the highest μTBS value was obtained from the Q‐Mix group (37.7 ± 5.2). Different dentin pretreatments do not alter the 24‐hr μTBS and were not able to preserve the bond strength after 2 years of ageing. Q‐Mix was able to slow down the regression in the strength of the dentin bond as well as nanoleakage over time.
Anxiety Sensitivity Prospectively Predicts Increased Acute Posttraumatic Stress and Related Symptoms After Sexual Assault
Authors: Short Nicole A. , Lechner Megan , Bell Kathy , Black Jenny , Buchanan Jennie , Ho Jeffrey , Reed Gordon , Corzine Amanda , Riviello Ralph , Martin Sandra L. , Liberzon Israel , Rauch Sheila , McLean Samuel A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAnxiety sensitivity is a potential risk factor for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and has been hypothesized to contribute to PTSS development. However, few prospective studies have evaluated whether anxiety sensitivity predicts PTSS. In a subsample of 48 women sexual assault survivors enrolled as part of a larger prospective observational study, elevated anxiety sensitivity measured via a brief assessment 1 week after experiencing a sexual assault was concurrently associated with PTSS at 1 week and prospectively predicted PTSS 6 weeks after the event, with small‐to‐medium effect sizes, η2p = .10, even after covarying for trauma history. Heightened anxiety sensitivity at 1‐week postevent also interacted with time to predict anxiety and depression both before and after sexual assault, with medium‐to‐large effect sizes, ηp2 = .21– .24. This is consistent with research linking anxiety sensitivity to PTSS, but this was the first prospective study of which we are aware to demonstrate that anxiety sensitivity in the acute posttrauma period predicts PTSS among women who have recently experienced sexual assault. Future research should use the full Anxiety Sensitivity Index to replicate findings in a larger sample and explore whether targeting anxiety sensitivity could mitigate the development of PTSS in this vulnerable population.
Evaluation of the Scan Duration and Mechanical and Thermal Indices Applied for the Diagnostic Ultrasound Examinations
Authors: Fatahi Asl Jafar , Farzanegan Zahra , Tahmasbi Marziyeh , Birgani Shadab Moradi , Malekzade Mehrnaz , Yazdaninejad Hamid 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveAlthough epidemiological studies have failed to show the harmful effects of ultrasound in humans, as a form of energy, ultrasound has the potential to cause bio‐effects in tissues. Therefore, clinical guidelines have been established for ultrasound technology related to human safety, which include Thermal (TI) and mechanical (MI) indices. The appropriate TI and MI ranges for embryonic examinations are between 0–1.0 and 0–0.4, respectively. The accepted TI and MI ranges are 0–2.0 and 0–1.9, respectively, for general ultrasound examinations. In addition, the scan duration should be kept as low as possible. Therefore, the present study aimed at evaluating the scan duration, TI, and MI as measures of acoustic output during ultrasound studies.MethodsA cross‐sectional descriptive study was conducted for patients undergoing pregnancy checkups, routine checkups, and initial diagnosis ultrasound examinations. Samples were selected from imaging departments of 4 educational hospitals based on convenience sampling and 321 checklists completed by direct observation of ultrasound examinations.ResultsFor pregnancy scans, the mean TI and MI were obtained as 0.32 ± 0.27 and 1.15 ± 0.13, respectively. For non‐pregnancy examinations, the mean value of TI and MI were 0.30 ± 0.29 and 1.07 ± 0.35, respectively. Therefore, mean TI for pregnancy and non‐pregnancy examinations and mean MI for non‐pregnancy studies obtained lower than the permitted values, while the mean MI was higher than the permitted level for first trimester of pregnancy. Also, relatively suitable scan durations were seen in reviewed studies.ConclusionFrom this study, it may be concluded that the reported ultrasound scans were safe.
Hybrid/Integrated Silicon Photonics Based on 2D Materials in Optical Communication Nanosystems
Authors: You Jie , Luo Yukun , Yang Jie , Zhang Jianghua , Yin Ke , Wei Ke , Zheng Xin , Jiang Tian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSilicon (Si) photonics have established as leading technologies in addressing the rapidly increasing demands of huge data transfer in optical communication systems with compact footprints, small power consumption, and ultradense bandwidth, which are driven by the next generation supercomputers and big data era. Particularly, Si photonics will penetrate into optical communication links at an ever‐small scale, namely chip‐to‐chip and on‐chip. However, the nanostructures made of Si with an indirect bandgap are not ideal candidates for on‐chip light sources, modulators, and photodetectors, which most‐frequently require optical materials with direct bandgap. Thanks to the advent of graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides and other two‐dimensional (2D) materials, which can facilitate extraordinary progresses in improving device performance at the ultrathin scale, their integration with Si photonics furnishes a heterogeneous platform to construct fully functional and highly integrated photonic communication systems. In this work, the current advancements in the on‐chip applications of Si photonics‐2D materials heterostructures, inclusive of all essential chip‐scale modules and integrated circuits, as well as the future prospective and challenges are reviewed and discussed. The present study sets out to objectively measure the feasibility of the hybrid integration between Si photonics and 2D materials in on‐chip optical communications and the advanced applications beyond.
CG‐SENSE revisited: Results from the first ISMRM reproducibility challenge
Authors: Maier Oliver , Baete Steven Hubert , Fyrdahl Alexander , Hammernik Kerstin , Harrevelt Seb , Kasper Lars , Karakuzu Agah , Loecher Michael , Patzig Franz , Tian Ye , Wang Ke , Gallichan Daniel , Uecker Martin , Knoll Florian 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe aim of this work is to shed light on the issue of reproducibility in MR image reconstruction in the context of a challenge. Participants had to recreate the results of “Advances in sensitivity encoding with arbitrary k‐space trajectories" by Pruessmann et al.MethodsThe task of the challenge was to reconstruct radially acquired multicoil k‐space data (brain/heart) following the method in the original paper, reproducing its key figures. Results were compared to consolidated reference implementations created after the challenge, accounting for the two most common programming languages used in the submissions (Matlab/Python).ResultsVisually, differences between submissions were small. Pixel‐wise differences originated from image orientation, assumed field‐of‐view, or resolution. The reference implementations were in good agreement, both visually and in terms of image similarity metrics.Discussion and ConclusionWhile the description level of the published algorithm enabled participants to reproduce CG‐SENSE in general, details of the implementation varied, for example, density compensation or Tikhonov regularization. Implicit assumptions about the data lead to further differences, emphasizing the importance of sufficient metadata accompanying open datasets. Defining reproducibility quantitatively turned out to be nontrivial for this image reconstruction challenge, in the absence of ground‐truth results. Typical similarity measures like NMSE of SSIM were misled by image intensity scaling and outlier pixels. Thus, to facilitate reproducibility, researchers are encouraged to publish code and data alongside the original paper. Future methodological papers on MR image reconstruction might benefit from the consolidated reference implementations of CG‐SENSE presented here, as a benchmark for methods comparison.
Determinants of cough and caregivers' quality of life in pediatric asthma exacerbations
Authors: Teoh Laurel , Chatfield Mark D. , Acworth Jason P. , McCallum Gabrielle B. , Chang Anne B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesIn hospitalized and nonhospitalized children with asthma exacerbations, we evaluated the determinants of (a) prolonged cough on day‐14 and (b) asthma quality of life (QoL) questionnaires for parents (PACQLQ) on day‐21. We hypothesized that children with more severe acute asthma are more likely to have prolonged cough and/or poorer PACQLQ during the recovery phase.DesignProspective cohort study performed during 2009–2011.MethodologyTwo hundred and forty‐four children aged 2–16 years presenting with acute asthma to the Emergency Departments of two hospitals were recruited. Clinical history, examination, baseline asthma severity, and acute asthma severity on presentation were documented. Validated daily cough diaries and weekly PACQLQ were recorded for 14 and 21 days, respectively.Results34.4% and 32.2% of children who returned the daytime and nighttime cough diaries respectively had a prolonged cough. Those on regular inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) were significantly more likely to have a daytime or nighttime cough score of ≥1 on day‐14 (odds ratio [ORadjusted] = 4.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.65, 13.35, p = .004 and ORadjusted = 2.65, 95% CI 1.05, 6.69, p = .040, respectively). PACQLQ on day‐21 was significantly poorer in younger children (mean difference [MD] = −0.04 per year, 95% CI −0.08, −0.01, p = .016), those on ICS (MD = −0.31, 95% CI −0.52, −0.09, p = .005), leukotriene antagonists (MD = −0.42, 95% CI −0.83, −0.02, p = .040) and in those who had an unplanned visit for asthma on day‐21 (MD = −1.20, 95% CI −1.61, −0.78, p = .0001).ConclusionsPost an acute asthma exacerbation, children on regular ICS were more likely to have prolonged cough and poorer QoL. While this may be reflective of asthma severity or control, its association deserves further evaluation.
Neotypification ofPandanus odorifer, the correct name forP. odoratissimus(Pandanaceae)
Authors: Callmander Martin W. , Gallaher Timothy J. , McNeill John , Beentje Henk , Nadaf Altafhusain B. , Middleton David J. , Buerki Sven 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPandanus odorifer(Pandanaceae) is an economically important species distributed on coasts from India and Sri Lanka to South China through tropical Asian countries.Pandanus odoratissimushas been widely used as the accepted name for the species, butP. odoratissimusis in reality a superfluous and illegitimate name. No original material ofP. odoriferhas been traced, and a neotype is designated here for that name.
Comparison and evolutionary analysis of Brassica nucleotide binding site leucine rich repeat (NLR) genes and importance for disease resistance breeding
Authors: Zhang Yueqi , Edwards David , Batley Jacqueline 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Brassica genus contains many agriculturally significant oilseed and vegetable crops, however the crop yield is threatened by a range of fungal and bacterial pathogens. Nucleotide Binding Site Leucine Rich Repeat (NLR) genes play important roles in plant innate immunity. The evolution of NLR genes is influenced by genomic processes and pathogen selection. At the whole genome level, whole genome duplications (WGDs) generate abundant gene copies, most of which are lost during genome fractionation. At sub‐genomic levels, some retained copies undergo duplication forming clusters which facilitate rapid evolution through recombination. The number, distribution and genetic variations of the NLR genes vary among Brassica species and within populations suggesting differential selection pressure exerted by pathogen populations throughout the evolutionary history. A study of the evolution of disease resistance genes in agriculturally important plants such as Brassicas helps gain insights into their function and inform the identification of resistance genes for breeding of resistant lines.
Consistent QFT description of non-standard neutrino interactions
Authors: Falkowski Adam , González-Alonso Martín , Tabrizi Zahra 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Neutrino oscillations are precision probes of new physics. Apart from neutrino masses and mixings, they are also sensitive to possible deviations of low-energy interactions between quarks and leptons from the Standard Model predictions. In this paper we develop a systematic description of such non-standard interactions (NSI) in oscillation experiments within the quantum field theory framework. We calculate the event rate and oscillation probability in the presence of general NSI, starting from the effective field theory (EFT) in which new physics modifies the flavor or Lorentz structure of charged-current interactions between leptons and quarks. We also provide the matching between the EFT Wilson coefficients and the widely used simplified quantum-mechanical approach, where new physics is encoded in a set of production and detection NSI parameters. Finally, we discuss the consistency conditions for the standard NSI approach to correctly reproduce the quantum field theory result.
Holography and unitarity
Authors: Giddings Steven B. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
If holography is an equivalence between quantum theories, one might expect it to be described by a map that is a bijective isometry between bulk and boundary Hilbert spaces, preserving the hamiltonian and symmetries. Holography has been believed to be a property of gravitational (or string) theories, but not of non-gravitational theories; specifically Marolf has argued that it originates from the gauge symmetries and constraints of gravity. These observations suggest study of the assumed holographic map as a function of the gravitational coupling G. The zero coupling limit gives ordinary quantum field theory, and is therefore not necessarily expected to be holographic. This, and the structure of gravity at non-zero G, raises important questions about the full map. In particular, construction of a holographic map appears to require as input a solution of the nonperturbative analog of the bulk gravitational constraints, that is, the unitary bulk evolution. Moreover, examination of the candidate boundary algebra, including the boundary hamiltonian, reveals commutators that don’t close in the usual fashion expected for a boundary theory.
Erfolgreiche Behandlung einer chronischen Prurigo mit Dupilumab
Authors: Winkler Julia K. , Haenssle Holger A. , Enk Alexander , Toberer Ferdinand , Hartmann Martin 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungChronische Prurigo ist durch anhaltenden Pruritus, teils einhergehend mit sekundären Kratzläsionen, gekennzeichnet. Die Abklärung der Genese ist von besonderem Stellenwert, wobei eine atopische Diathese häufig einen ätiologischen Faktor darstellt. Wir präsentieren einen Patienten mit chronischem Pruritus multifaktorieller Genese (atopische Diathese, chronische Niereninsuffizienz, Diabetes mellitus, Polyneuropathie). Nach multiplen erfolglosen Vortherapien behandelten wir den Patienten mit Dupilumab, worunter sich ein sehr positiver Erkrankungsverlauf mit deutlicher Besserung der Lebensqualität zeigte.
Sicherheitskultur in der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie
Authors: Höppchen Isabel , Ullrich Charlotte , Wensing Michel , Poß-Doering Regina , Suda Arnold J. 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundKrankenhäuser in Deutschland betreiben ein Risikomanagement, welches die Prävention und systematische Aufarbeitung unerwünschter Ereignisse unterstützen kann. Ein wichtiger Aspekt davon ist die Etablierung einer Sicherheitskultur. Die Erhebung der Sicherheitskultur findet im deutschsprachigen Raum bisher selten und fast ausschließlich durch quantitative Instrumente statt. Im Fachbereich Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie ist in Deutschland eine hohe Zahl an bestätigten Behandlungsfehlern und Risikoaufklärungsmängeln verzeichnet. Deshalb untersucht die vorliegende Studie die Sicherheitskultur in diesem Fachbereich.Fragestellung(I) Wie nehmen Ärzte der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie den Umgang mit unerwünschten Ereignissen im klinischen Alltag wahr, und (II) was sind die relevanten Bestandteile einer Sicherheitskultur aus ärztlicher Perspektive?Material und MethodenEs wurden 14 Einzelinterviews mit Ärzten der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie geführt. Die Interviews wurden audioaufgezeichnet, transkribiert und anhand der Thematic Analysis nach Braun und Clarke und des Yorkshire Contributory Factors Framework analysiert. Zur Organisation der Daten wurde die Software MAXQDA verwendet.ErgebnisseEs konnte ein starker Einfluss der Führungskräfte auf den Umgang mit unerwünschten Ereignissen im ärztlichen Team festgestellt werden. Von Chefärzten wurde erwartet, eine gute Sicherheitskultur vorbildhaft vorzuleben, da sie durch ihr Verhalten die Handlungsweisen des Teams in sicherheitsrelevanten Situationen beeinflussen.DiskussionDer Einbezug von Chefärzten in die Entwicklung von Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Sicherheitskultur in der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie sollte aufgrund der Bedeutsamkeit hierarchischer Strukturen in Betracht gezogen werden.