bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcoholic fatty liver disease inhibited the co-expression of Fmo5 and PPARα to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing liver injury via inducing gut microbiota disturbance&nbsp;
Authors: Kong Ling jian , Chen Jing , Ji Xiao li , Qin Qian , Yang Hui yu , Liu Dan , Li De liang , Sun Mei ling 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAlcohol-induced intestinal dysbiosis disrupts and inflammatory responses are essential in the development of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD). Here, we investigated the effects of Fmo5 on changes in enteric microbiome composition in a model of AFLD and dissected the pathogenic role of Fmo5 in AFLD-induced liver pathology.MethodsThe expression profile data of GSE8006 and GSE40334 datasets were downloaded from the GEO database. The WGCNA approach allowed us to investigate the AFLD-correlated module. DEGs were used to perform KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. Four PPI networks were constructed using the STRING database and visualized using Cytoscape software. The Cytohubba plug-in was used to identify the hub genes. Western blot and immunohistochemistry assays were used to detect protein expression. ELISA assay was used to detect the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines. Lipid droplets in the cytoplasm were observed using Oil Red O staining. Apoptosis was detected using a TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis. ROS levels were detected using flow cytometry analysis. Nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 was observed using immunofluorescence staining. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to detect the co-expression of PPARα and Fmo5 in L02 cells. 16S rDNA sequencing defined the bacterial communities in mice with AFLD.ResultsFmo5 is a key DEG and is closely associated with the gut microbiota and PPAR signaling pathway. Gut microbiome function in AFLD was significantly related to the PPAR signaling pathway. AFLD induced shifts in various bacterial phyla in the cecum, including a reduction in Bacteroidetes and increased Firmicutes. Fmo5 and PPARα co-expression in cell and animal models with AFLD, which decreased significantly. Silencing of Fmo5 and PPARα aggravated the functions of AFLD inducing apoptosis and inflammatory response, promoting liver injury, and activating the NF-κB signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. The NF-κB inhibitor abolished the functions of silencing of Fmo5 and PPARα promoting AFLD-induced apoptosis, inflammatory response, and liver injury.ConclusionOur data indicated that the co-expression of Fmo5 and PPARα was involved in AFLD-related gut microbiota composition and alleviated AFLD-induced liver injury, apoptosis, and inflammatory response by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway.
Effectiveness of the Close Collaboration with Parents intervention on parent-infant closeness in NICU
Authors: He Felix , Axelin Anna , Ahlqvist-Björkroth Sari , Raiskila Simo , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Lehtonen Liisa 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundParent-infant closeness during hospital care of newborns has many benefits for both infants and parents. We developed an educational intervention for neonatal staff, Close Collaboration with Parents, to increase parent-infant closeness during hospital care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention on parent-infant closeness in nine hospitals in Finland.MethodsParents of hospitalized infants were recruited in the hospitals during 3-month periods before and after the Close Collaboration with Parents intervention. The data were collected using daily Closeness diaries. Mothers and fathers separately filled in the time they spent in the hospital and the time of skin-to-skin contact with their infant during each hospital care day until discharge. Statistical analyses were done using a linear model with covariates.ResultsDiaries were kept before and after the intervention by a total of 170 and 129 mothers and 126 and 84 fathers, respectively. Either parent was present on average 453 minutes per day before the intervention and 620 minutes after the intervention in the neonatal unit. In the adjusted model, the increase was 99 minutes per day (p=0.0007). The infants were in skin-to-skin contact on average 76 minutes per day before the intervention and 114 minutes after the intervention. In the adjusted model, skin-to-skin contact increased by 24 minutes per day (p=0.0405).ConclusionThe Close Collaboration with Parents intervention increased parents’ presence and skin-to-skin contact in nine hospitals. This study suggests that parent-infant closeness may be one mediating factor explaining benefits of parenting interventions.
Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for High-Level Production of Gastrodin from Glucose
Authors: Yin Hua , Hu Tian Dong , Zhuang Yi Bin , Liu Tao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The natural phenolic glycoside gastrodin is the major bioactive ingredient in the well-known Chinese herb Tianma and is widely used as a neuroprotective medicine in the clinic. Microbial production from sustainable resources is a promising method to replace plant extraction and chemical synthesis which were currently used in industrial gastrodin production. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is considered as an attractive host to produce natural plant products used in the food and pharmaceutical fields. In this work, we intended to explore the potential of S. cerevisiae as the host for high-level production of gastrodin from glucose. Results: Here, we first identified the plant-derived glucosyltransferase AsUGT to convert 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol to gastrodin with high catalytic efficiency in yeast. Then, we engineered de novo production of gastrodin by overexpressing codon-optimized AsUGT syn , the carboxylic acid reductase gene CAR syn from Nocardia species, the phosphopantetheinyl transferase gene PPTcg-1 syn from Corynebacterium glutamicum , the chorismate pyruvate-lyase gene UbiC syn from Escherichia coli , and the mutant ARO4 K229L . Finally, we achieved an improved product titer by a chromosomal multiple-copy integration strategy and enhancement of metabolic flux toward the aglycon 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. The best optimized strain produced 2.1 g/L gastrodin in mineral medium with glucose as the sole carbon source by flask fermentation, which was 175 times higher than that of the original gastrodin-producing strain. Conclusions: The de novo high-level production of gastrodin was first achieved. Instead of chemical synthesis or plants extraction, our work provides an alternative strategy for the industrial production of gastrodin by microbial fermentation from a sustainable resource.
Association of meat consumption with NAFLD risk and liver-related biochemical indexes in older Chinese: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Peng Hewei , Xie Xiaoxu , Pan Xinting , Zheng Jing , Zeng Yidan , Cai Xiaoling , Hu Zhijian , Peng Xian-E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease and an unhealthy lifestyle can lead to an increased risk of NAFLD. The present study aims to evaluate the association of meat consumption with NAFLD risk and liver-related biochemical indexes in middle-aged and elderly Chinese.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in individuals who were 45 years or older and underwent a physical examination from April 2015 to August 2017 in Southeast China. To evaluate associations between meat intake and NAFLD risk, inverse probability of treatment weighting and subgroup analyses were performed with logistic regressions. Spearman’s rank correlation was carried out to examine the relationship between meat consumptions and liver-related biochemical indexes. Results: High consumptions of red meat (28.44-49.74 and >71.00 g/day) (ORadjusted=1.948; P<0.001; ORadjusted=1.714; P=0.002) was positively associated with NAFLD risk on inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis, adjusting for smoking, tea intake, weekly hours of physical activity and presence of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes. Exposure-response relationship analysis presented that red meat intake was positively associated with NAFLD risk. Significant associations of red meat intakes with serum levels of γ-glutamyl transferase, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, total triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were found (rs=0.176; P<0.001; rs=0.128; P<0.001; rs=0.060; P=0.016; rs=0.085; P=0.001; rs=-0.074; P=0.003). Conclusions: These findings suggest that the reduction of meat consumption may decrease NAFLD risk and should warrant further investigations.
Development of the Home based Virtual Rehabilitation System (HoVRS) to remotely deliver an intense and customized upper extremity training
Authors: Qiu Qinyin , Cronce Amanda , Patel Jigna , Fluet Gerard G , Mont Ashley , Merians Alma S , Adamovich Sergei V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: After stroke, sustained hand rehabilitation training is required for continuous improvement and maintenance of distal function. Methods: In this paper, we present a system designed and implemented in our lab: the Home based Virtual Rehabilitation System (HoVRS). Fifteen subjects with chronic stroke were recruited to test the feasibility of the system as well as to refine the design and training protocol to prepare for a future efficacy study. HoVRS was placed in subjects’ homes, and subjects were asked to use the system at least 15 minutes every weekday for 3 months (12 weeks) with limited technical support and remote clinical monitoring. Results: All subjects completed the study without any adverse events. Subjects on average spent 13.5 hours using the system. Clinical and kinematic data were collected pre and post study in the subject’s home. Subjects demonstrated a mean increase of 5.2 (SEM=0.69) on the Upper Extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment (UEFMA). They also demonstrated improvements in six measurements of hand kinematics. In addition, a combination of these kinematic measures was able to predict a substantial portion of the variability in the subjects’ UEFMA score. Conclusion: Persons with chronic stroke were able to use the system safely and productively with minimal supervision resulting in measurable improvements in upper extremity function.
The Effects of Normal Aging, Subjective Cognitive Decline,&nbsp;Mild Cognitive Impairment, or Alzheimer's Disease on Visual Search
Authors: Xue Chaunwei , Tang Yi , Wang Changming , Yang Haibo , Li Liang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background：To examine the progressively developed visual-search deficiency associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods: Healthy-younger adults (34), healthy-older adults (normal-aging control, NC, 30), adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, 14), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, 20), or mild AD (15) participated in this study. To determine whether 1 of 4 letters presented at 4 symmetrically-located positions differed from the other 3, when the 4 letters were masked by either other randomly positioned and oriented letters or random-pixel noise. Meanwhile, eye movements were tracked.Results: In all the participants, with the stimulus-presentation time being longer, the visual-search performance improved, and both the eye interest-area first fixation duration (IFFD) and the interest-area-fixation count (IFC) increased. Particularly under the noise-masking condition, the AD group performed the worst at stimulus-presentation times between 300 and 900 ms. The aMCI group, but not the SCD group, performed worse than the NC group at the stimulus-presentation time of either 300 or 500 ms. The IFC was higher in all the patient groups than that in the NC group, and distinguishable between participants with AD and those with SCD or aMCI. Conclusions: The visual-search performance combined with eye-moment tracking under the noise-masking condition can be used for distinguishing AD from normal aging, SCD, and aMCI.
Differential Production and Secretion of Potentially Toxigenic Extracellular Proteins from Hypervirulent Aeromonas hydrophila Under Biofilm and Planktonic Culture
Authors: Barger Priscilla C. , Liles Mark R , Beck Benjamin H , Newton Joseph C 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Hypervirulent Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh) is an emerging pathogen in freshwater aquaculture that results in the loss of over 3 million pounds of marketable channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and channel catfish hybrids (I. punctatus, ♀ x blue catfish, I. furcatus, ♂) each year from freshwater catfish production systems in Alabama, U.S.A. vAh isolates are clonal in nature and are genetically unique from, and significantly more virulent than, traditional A. hydrophila isolates from fish. Even with the increased virulence, natural infections cannot be reproduced in aquaria challenges making it difficult to determine modes of infection and the pathophysiology behind the devastating mortalities that are commonly observed. Despite the intimate connection between environmental adaptation and plastic response, the role of environmental adaption on vAh pathogenicity and virulence has not been previously explored. In this study, secreted proteins of vAh cultured as free-living planktonic cells and within a biofilm were compared to elucidate the role of biofilm growth on virulence. Results: Functional proteolytic assays found significantly increased degradative activity in biofilm secretomes; in contrast, planktonic secretomes had significantly increased hemolytic activity, suggesting higher toxigenic potential. Intramuscular injection challenges in a channel catfish model showed that in vitro degradative activity translated into in vivo tissue destruction. Identification of secreted proteins by HPLC-MS/MS revealed the presence of many putative virulence proteins under both growth conditions. Biofilm grown vAh produced higher levels of proteolytic enzymes and adhesins, whereas planktonically grown cells secreted higher levels of toxins, porins, and fimbrial proteins. Conclusions: This study is the first comparison of the secreted proteomes of vAh when grown in two distinct ecological niches. These data on the adaptive physiological response of vAh based on growth condition increase our understanding of how environmental niche partitioning could affect vAh pathogenicity and virulence. Increased secretion of colonization factors and degradative enzymes during biofilm growth and residency may increase bacterial attachment and host invasiveness, while increased secretion of hemolysins, porins, and other potential toxins under planktonic growth (or after host invasion) could result in increased host mortality. The results of this research underscore the need to use culture methods that more closely mimic natural ecological habitat growth to improve our understanding of vAh pathogenesis.
Artificial intelligence prediction of adverse outcomes in emergency department patients with hyperglycemic crises in real-time
Authors: Hsu Chin-Chuan , Kao Yuan , Hsu Chien-Chin , Chen Chia-Jung , Hsu Shu-Lien , Liu Tzu-Lan , Lin Hung-Jung , Wang Jhi-Joung , Liu Chung-Feng , Huang Chien-Cheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Hyperglycemic crises are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Previous studies proposed methods for predicting adverse outcome in hyperglycemic crises, artificial intelligence (AI) has however never been tried. We implemented an AI prediction model integrated with hospital information system (HIS) to clarify this issue.
Methods
We included 3,715 patients with hyperglycemic crises from emergency departments (ED) between 2009 and 2018. Patients were randomized into a 70%/30% split for AI model training and testing. Twenty-two feature variables from their electronic medical records were collected, and multilayer perceptron (MLP) was used to construct an AI prediction model to predict sepsis or septic shock, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and all-cause mortality within 1 month. Comparisons of the performance among random forest, logistic regression, support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), and MLP algorithms were also done.
Results
Using the MLP model, the areas under the curves (AUCs) were 0.808 for sepsis or septic shock, 0.688 for ICU admission, and 0.770 for all-cause mortality. MLP had the best performance in predicting sepsis or septic shock and all-cause mortality, compared with logistic regression, SVM, KNN, and LightGBM. Furthermore, we integrated the AI prediction model with the HIS to assist physicians for decision making in real-time.
Conclusions
A real-time AI prediction model is a promising method to assist physicians in predicting adverse outcomes in ED patients with hyperglycemic crises. Further studies on the impact on clinical practice and patient outcome are warranted.
An Interactome Map of Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Li Lin , Han Linqian , Zhong Wanshun , Qian Jia , Jin Minliang , Tian Peng , Zhu Wanchao , Zhang Hongwei , Sun Yonghao , Liu Wenshan , Feng Jia-Wu , Chen Guo , Li Ruonan , Xiong Zimo , Li Juan , Luo Zi , Chen Sijia , Jin Qixiao , Li Jiaxin , Li Zhao , Liang Yan , Jin Xiaomeng , Liu Xiangguo , Ye Xinnan , Yin Yuejia , Peng Yong , Lu Xiaoduo , Chen Lingling , Li Qing , Jackson David , Yan Jianbing , Yang Fang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Interactomes are powerful tools for encoding and decoding complex life systems. Here, we generated a maize interactome map that integrates genomic interactions, transcriptomic co-expression networks, translatomic co-expression networks, and protein–protein interactions throughout the maize lifecycle. This map, containing over 9 million interactions in more than 5,000 functional modules, reveals extensive functional divergence for duplicate genes and a progressive increase in regulatory divergence between the two maize subgenomes during the flow of genetic information. This network enables dissecting and validating gene functions, re-constructing regulatory pathways, and deciphering molecular mechanisms underlying complex traits combining big data mining technique-machine learning. By applying this map to flowering-time, we identified 1,843 high-confidence genes enriched in eight molecular pathways that are related to flowering time. The function of 30 (out of 58 tested) genes, including 27 novel genes, was verified by loss-of-function mutagenesis. Furthermore, a new pathway involving histone modification was identified and confirmed to regulate flowering time. The interactome map illustrates how coherent sets of molecular interactions connect different types of functional elements and pathway modules to map a genome-wide functional wiring landscape, which will be applicable in a wide range of species.
Men’s education on planning and encouraging breastfeeding improves the mothers’ performance and exclusive breastfeeding: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Panahi Farideh , simbar masoumeh , fakari farzaneh rashidi , Lotfi Razieh , Rahimizadeh Mitra 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: men’s participation is crucial for promoting of breastfeeding. There are a few studies on the effectiveness of father’s education on the nursery performance. Therefore, this study aims to assess the mothers’ performance following father’s education on breastfeeding. Method: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 76 fathers in two groups of control (38 men) and intervention (38 men) in a selected health center in Iran. They were spouses of primiparous women; fathers of a healthy, single neonates. Two groups of intervention and control were selected using randomized sampling method. The tools for data collection were: a “Demographic and Maternal-Infant Information Questionnaire”, and a “Fathers’ support for Breastfeeding Assessment Tool”, a “Checklist to Assess Mothers’ Breastfeeding Performance” and an “Exclusive Breastfeeding Questionnaire”. The intervention was: fathers’ education about “breastfeeding” and “the ways of support including encouragement and planning for breastfeeding”. The education was performed in the intervention group in two sessions with one-week interval. Fathers in the control group did not receive the education. Mothers’ breastfeeding performance, father’s support for breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding was compared before and after intervention, and between groups after four months’ intervention. Data was analyzed using SPSS 26. Results: Between groups comparison showed, before intervention, the mean scores for breastfeeding performance was not significantly different between two groups (P=0.7). However, after the intervention, it was higher in the interventional group comparing to the control group (T test; p<0.001). Intra-groups comparison demonstrated, after intervention, the improvement was not seen after 4 months in the control group (p=0.6), while there was a significant improvement in the intervention group comparing to before intervention (Paired test; p<0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that father’s education improves breastfeeding performance of nursery mothers. Since, breastfeeding is an important factor for maternal-infant health, providing fathers’ participation education to promote breastfeeding programs leads to long and effective exclusive breastfeeding.Trial Registration: IRCT201508248801N10. Registered 31 August 2016.
Dynamic Modelling of Piston Slapping Motion in Combustion Engines
Authors: Kaisan M.U. , Narayan S. , bakar Shitu Abu , Ibrahim Ibrahim Umar , Ibrahim Bashir Garba 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A numerical model of the piston skirt taking into account its lateral, reciprocating and rotatory motion has been presented in order to investigate the lateral motion of piston skirt assembly and resulting vibrations induced as a result of these motions in the engine block. Various parameters of modal analysis were obtained using mobility analysis. The presented methodology was validated by data obtained from a diesel engine test set up. The predicted results matched well with those of measured data, hence validating the presented scheme.
Discovery of fungal oligosaccharide-oxidising flavo-enzymes with previously unknown substrates, redox-activity profiles and interplay with LPMOs
Authors: Momeni Majid Haddad , Fredslund Folmer , Bissaro Bastien , Raji Olanrewaju , Vuong Thu , Meier Sebastian , Nielsen Tine , Lombard Vincent , Guigliarelli Bruno , Biaso Frédéric , Haon Mireille , Grisel Sacha , Henrissat Bernard , Welner Ditte , Master Emma , Berrin Jean-Guy , Hachem Maher Abou 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Oxidative plant cell-wall processing enzymes are of great importance in biology and biotechnology. Yet, our insight into the functional interplay amongst such oxidative enzymes remains limited. Here, a phylogenetic analysis of the auxiliary activity 7 family (AA7), currently harbouring oligosaccharide flavo-oxidases, revealed a striking abundance of AA7-genes in phytopathogenic fungi and Oomycetes. Expression of five fungal enzymes, including three from unexplored clades, expanded the AA7-substrate range and unveiled a cellooligosaccharide dehydrogenase activity, previously unknown within AA7. Sequence and structural analyses revealed unique signatures distinguishing the strict dehydrogenase clade from canonical AA7 oxidases. The discovered dehydrogenase directly transferred electrons to an AA9 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) and fuelled cellulose degradation by LPMOs without exogenous reductants. The expansion of the substrate range and the synergistic interplay with LPMOs highlight the functional diversity within AA7 and set the stage for harnessing AA7 dehydrogenases to fine-tune LPMO activity in biotechnological conversion of plant feedstocks.