bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparing the transition into long-term care institutions: a cluster analysis of the representations of the place of residence in European elders
Authors: Chrusciel Jan , Zid Sofiane , Letty Aude , Hay Paul-Emile , Armaingaud Didier , Dramé Moustapha , Godaert Lidvine , Sanchez Stéphane 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The risk of entry into a nursing home has been shown to vary according to geographical and clinical factors, although the effect of location could be due to confounders. The main objective of our study was to describe their perception of their place of residence in adults aged over 65 in four European countries. Methods: The cross-sectional survey was carried out in February 2016 by a poll institute in a representative sample of individuals from a population of retired residents in four European countries, selected by quota sampling. A total of 4160 subjects aged 65 or older were selected. For descriptive analysis, qualitative variables were presented with absolute frequencies and percentages. A Principal Components Analysis was performed, and clusters were identified using results from the analysis. Results: The study population comprised 4160 individuals from Germany, Belgium, France and Italy. Overall, 2389 (57%) were women; 1414 (34%) were aged 65 to 69, and 2709 (65%) were living maritally. A majority (2938, 70%) were home owners, while 1253 (30%) showed signs of social precariousness including low income, and 1159 (27%) had a low level of education. Principal component analysis identified six well-defined groups: Wealthy Belgians, Flexible single people, Wealthy Germans, Low-income Germans, Isolated Italians, Italian homebirds. Conclusion : Understanding the representations that elderly Europeans have of their place of residence can help healthcare professionals decide how to assist each elder towards an acceptance of his/her new life in the nursing home.
Motor Vehicle Fatalities during Memorial Day Weekends, 1981-2016
Authors: Tang Yuni , Ratnapradipa Kendra L , Xiang Henry , Zhu Motao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective: Our aims were to determine which day(s) during the holiday had highest motor vehicle fatality risk compared to non-holiday travel and to identify potential risk factors. Results: Of 43,457 traffic fatalities studied, 15,292 (35%) occurred during the holiday, with Saturday being deadliest but Monday having highest odds. Both sexes, all years, age <65, drivers and passengers, rural and urban, and all regions in the United States were at increased risk during the holiday versus non-holiday periods.
Indole -3-acetic acid improves drought tolerance of white clover associated with activating auxin-related genes, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid-induced stress responsive transcription factors, and inhibiting senescence genes
Authors: Zhang Youzhi , Li Yaping , Hassan Muhammad Jawad , Li Zhou , Peng Yan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Auxin plays an important role in regulating plant development. To aquire feasible regulation effects and mechanism of IAA on drought tolerance in white clover, relative water content, chlorophyll content, several major phytohormone level, the expression of gene-related to IAA signal perception and synthesis, as well as drought-resistance related transcription factor genes and senescence genes were investigated in white clover plants under 15% polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000) after 1µM exogenous IAA pre-treatment and 100µM L-AOPP (inhibitor of IAA synthesis) pre-treatment. Compared to control, drought stress significantly diminished stem dry weight (g/10 plants), relative water content (RWC, %) and total chlorophyll content (Chl, mg/g). Exogenous IAA significantly increased RWC and Chl, however, L-AOPP, drastically decreased stem dry weight (g/10 plants), RWC and Chl compared with direct drought treatment. Besides that, compared with direct drought treatment, exogenous IAA significantly improved ABA content and JA content, up-regulated expression level of auxin-responsing genes (GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8), drought-resistance related transcription factor genes (bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715) and drought resistance gene (RD22), meanwhile, down-regulated expression level of auxin-responsing genes (GH3.3, GH3.6, IAA27) and leaf senescence genes (SAG101 and SAG102). L-AOPP, contrarily, compared with direct drought treatment, significantly reduced ABA, GA3 and JA content, down-regulated expression level of GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8, bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715, ERD and RD22, meanwhile, up-regulated SAG101 and SAG102. Collectively, these data suggested a positive role of exogenous IAA in alleviating drought stress damage in white clover.
Lipopolysaccharide Worsens the Prognosis of Experimental Cerebral Ischemia via Interferon Gamma-Induced Protein 10 Recruit in the Acute Stage
Authors: Wang Ping , Zhang Jiaqi , Guo Feifei , Wang Shuang , Zhang Yi , Li Defeng , Xu Haiyu , Yang Hongjun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Infection is an important clinical complication facing stroke-patients and triples the risk of death within 30 days post-stroke via mechanisms which are poorly understood . Aims: We tried to explore the mechanisms that infections aggravated the ischemic brain injury after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Methods: We used lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as systemic inflammatory stimuli to explore the mechanisms of aggravated ischemic brain injury after Sprague-Dawley male rats subjected to MCAO. Brain damage was evaluated by cerebral blood perfusion, Longa-5 scores, infarct volume and edema degree. Systemic cytokine responses and inflammatory changes in the plasma and brain were analyzed by ELISA kit, RT 2 Profiler TM PCR array, and quantitative real-time PCR.The differential genes were subjected to Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Results: LPS profoundly aggravated the brain damage after 24 hrs post-MCAO . At the acute stage (Ischemia/ Reperfusion 90min/3h), the brain homogenate gene expression of Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor a ( TNF- a ), Interleukin 1 b (IL-1 b ) and Interferon Gamma-Induced Protein 10 (IP-10) was significantly up-regulated and the contents in plasma and brain homogenate were significantly increased in MCAO and MCAO+LPS group. IP-10 was the only gene with significant difference between MCAO and MCAO+LPS group, which was also in an important position with degrees of ³ 14 in PPI network. Conclusions: It was possible that trace LPS aggravated the ischemic brain injury by induction of excessive IP-10 secretion in the acute stage, leading to excessive inflammatory response, which consequently increased the infarct volume and edema degree 24 hrs post-MCAO.
Genomic variants from RNA-seq for goats resistant or susceptible to gastrointestinal nematode infection
Authors: Aboshady Hadeer M. , Mandonnet Nathalie , Johansson Anna M. , Jonas Elisabeth , Bambou Jean-Christophe 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are an important constraint in grazing small ruminant production. Genetic selection for resistant animals is a potential sustainable control strategy. Advances in molecular genetics have led to the identification of several molecular genetic markers associated with genes affecting economic relevant traits.Results In this study, the variants in the genome of Creole goats resistant or susceptible to GIN were discovered from RNA-sequencing. We identified SNPs, insertions and deletions that distinguish the two genotypes, resistant and susceptible and we characterized these variants through functional analysis. The T cell receptor signalling pathway was one of the top significant pathways that distinguish the resistant from the susceptible genotype with 78% of the genes involved in this pathway showing genomic variants.Conclusions These genomic variants are expected to provide useful resources especially for molecular breeding for GIN resistance in goats.
County-level Correlates of Dental Service Utilization for Low Income Pregnant Women. Ecologic study of the North Carolina Medicaid for Pregnant Women (MPW) program.
Authors: Moss Mark E , Grodner Andrew , Dasanayake Ananda P. , Beasley Cherry M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Dental care utilization for low income pregnant women is met with challenges in the traditional dentist-centered model of care. County-level measures provide insights for policy and roles for stakeholders that extend beyond the dentist-patient relationship. We examined county-level data to generate hypotheses about factors that influence utilization of dental services in North Carolina’s Medicaid for Pregnant Women (MPW) program. Methods: County-level Medicaid utilization data for dental services for 2014-2016 were pooled to get mean county estimates of dental utilization in the MPW program. Descriptive statistics and multivariate regression models of dental utilization and county-level measures are presented. Data used were collected by NC Child and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s County Health Rankings Reports. USDA Economic Research Service data were used to categorize counties in terms of Farming, Recreation, Persistent Poverty, and metro/non-metro status using Rural Urban Continuum Codes. Results: Dental utilization ranged from 1% to 26% with a median of 8.5% across the 100 counties of North Carolina. Strong patterns linking utilization of dental services in the MPW program to contextual social measures of well-being emerged, specifically, increased reporting of child abuse and neglect, elevated infant mortality, poor quality of life, and worse ranking in years of potential life lost. Counties with persistent poverty had lower rates of dental utilization. Conclusions: Utilization of dental services in the MPW program is generally low. Patterns identify the potential for enhancing community-clinical linkages to improve birth outcomes and care coordination for pregnant women to enhance dental utilization in this population.
Incidental diagnosis and surgery outcomes of thyroid cancer in Ecuador
Authors: Solis-Pazmino Paola , Salazar-Vega Jorge , Lincango-Naranjo Eddy , Garcia Cristhian , Koupermann Gabriela Jaramillo , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Ledesma Tannya , Rojas Tatiana , Alvarado-Mafla Benjamin , Carcamo Cesar , Ponce Oscar J. , Brito Juan P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: In contrast to the rapid increase in thyroid cancer (TC) incidence, thyroid cancer mortality rates have remained low and stable over the last decades. In Ecuador, however, TC mortality has increased and to determine possible drivers, a retrospective analysis of all patients attending a thyroid cancer referral center in Ecuador was conducted.
Methods: From June 2014 to December 2017, a cross-sectional study was conducted at the Hospital de Especialidades Eugenio Espejo (HEEE), a regional reference public hospital for endocrine neoplasia in adults in Quito, Ecuador. We identified the mechanism of detection, histopathology and treatment modalities from a patient interview and review of clinical records.
Results: Among 452 patients, 74.8% were young adults and 94.2% (426) of patients were female. 13.7% had a family history of thyroid cancer, and median of tumor size was 2 cm. The incidental finding was 54.2% whereas 45.8% was non-incidental. Thyroid cancer histology reported that 93.3% had papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), 2.7% follicular, 1.5% Hurtle cells, 1.6% medullary, 0.7% poor differentiated, and 0.2% anaplastic carcinoma. The mean MACIS (metastasis, age, completeness, invasion, and size) score was 4.95 (CI 4.15-5.95) with 76.2% of the thyroid cancer patients having MACIS score equal or less than 6. The very low and low risk of recurrence was 18.1% (79) and 62% (271) respectively. An analysis of 319 patients with non-metastatic thyroid cancer showed that 10.7% (34) of patients had surgical complications. Moreover, around 62.5% (80 from 128 patients with thyroglobulin laboratory results) of TC patients had a stimulated-thyroglobulin (sTg) value equal or higher than 2 ng/ml. Overall, a poor surgical outcome was present in 35.1% (112) patients. Out of 436 patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), 86% (n=375) received radioactive iodine (RAI).
Conclusion: Thyroid cancer histological characteristics and method of diagnosis are like the ones described in other reports without any evidence of the high frequency of aggressive thyroid cancer histology. However, we observed evidence of overtreatment and poor surgical outcomes that demand additional studies to understand their association with thyroid cancer mortality in Ecuador.
Identifying appropriate outcomes to help evaluate the impact of the Canadian Guideline for Safe and Effective Use of Opioids for Non-Cancer Pain
Authors: Allen Michael , Sproule Beth , MacDougall Peter , Furlan Andrea , Murphy Laura , Debono Victoria Borg , Buckley Norman 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: The Canadian Guideline for Safe and Effective Use of Opioids for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain (COG) was developed in response to increasing rates of opioid-related hospital visits and deaths in Canada, and uncertain benefits of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). Following publication, we developed a list of evaluable outcomes to assess the impact of this guideline on practice and patient outcomes .
Methods: A working group at the National Pain Centre at McMaster University used a modified Delphi process to construct a list of clinical and patient outcomes important in assessing the uptake and application of the COG. An advisory group then reviewed this list to determine the relevance and feasibility of each outcome, and identified potential data sources. This feedback was reviewed by the National Faculty for the Guideline, and a National Advisory Group that included the creators of the COG, resulting in the final list of 5 priority outcomes.
Results: Five outcomes were judged clinically important and feasible to measure: 1) Effects of opioids for CNCP on quality of life, 2) Assessment of patient’s risk of addiction before starting opioid therapy, 3) Monitoring patients on opioid therapy for aberrant drug-related behaviour, 4) Mortality rates associated with prescription opioid overdose and 5) Use of treatment agreements with patients before initiating opioid therapy for CNCP. Data sources for these outcomes included patient’s medical charts, e-Opioid Manager, prescription monitoring programs and administrative databases.
Conclusion: Measuring the impact of best practice guidelines is infrequently done. Future research should consider capturing the five outcomes identified in this study to evaluate the impact of the COG in promoting evidence-based use of opioids for CNCP.
Genome-wide identification and transcriptome profiling reveal that E3 ubiquitin ligase genes relevant to ethylene, auxin and abscisic acid are differentially expressed in the fruits of melting flesh and stony hard peach varieties
Authors: Tan Bin , Lian Xiaodong , Cheng Jun , Zeng Wenfang , Zheng Xianbo , Wang Wei , Ye Xia , Li Jidong , Li Zhiqian , Zhang Langlang , Feng Jiancan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Ubiquitin ligases (E3) are the enzymes in the ubiquitin/26S proteasome pathway responsible for targeting proteins to the degradation pathway and play major roles in multiple biological activities. However, the E3 family and their functions are yet to be identified in the fruit of peach.
Results: In this study, genome-wide identification, classification and characterization of the E3 ligase genes within the genome of peach (Prunus persica) was carried out. In total, 765 E3 (PpE3) ligase genes were identified in the peach genome. The PpE3 ligase genes were divided into eight subfamilies according to the presence of known functional domains. The RBX subfamily was not detected in peach. The PpE3 ligase genes were not randomly distributed among the 8 chromosomes, with a greater concentration on the longer chromosomes. The primary mode of gene duplication of the PpE3 ligase genes was dispersed gene duplication (DSD). Four subgroups of the BTB subfamily never characterized before were newly identified in peach, namely BTBAND, BTBBL, BTBP and BTBAN. The expression patterns of the identified E3 ligase genes in two peach varieties that display different types of fruit softening (melting flesh, MF, and stony hard, SH) were analyzed at 4 different stages of ripening using Illumina technology. Among the 765 PpE3 ligase genes, 515 (67.3%) were expressed (FPKM >1) in the fruit of either MF or SH during fruit ripening. In same-stage comparisons, 231 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the two peach cultivars. The number of DEGs in each subfamily varied. Most DEGs were members of the BTB, F-box, U-box and RING subfamilies. PpE3 ligase genes predicted to be involved in ethylene, auxin, or ABA synthesis or signaling and DNA methylation were differentially regulated. Eight PpE3 ligase genes with possible roles in peach flesh texture and fruit ripening were discussed.
Conclusions: The results of this study provide useful information for further understanding the functional roles of the ubiquitin ligase genes in peach. The findings also provide the first clues that E3 ligase genes may function in the regulation of peach ripening.
Can Humic Substances Improve Soil Fertility under Salt Stress and Drought Conditions?
Authors: Suddarth Stella R. P. , Ferreira Jorge F. S. , Cavalcante Lourival F. , Fraga Vânia S. , Anderson Ray G. , Halvorson Jonathan J. , Bezerra Francisco T. C. , Medeiros Sherly. A. S. , Costa Cassio R. G. , Dias Nildo S. 
Published: October 2019

Semiarid soils may be poor in organic carbon, a necessary source of energy for soil microorganisms that affect plant growth. Although the addition of organic carbon may improve soil chemical characteristics, the concentration of humic compounds in the organic component may vary and affect soil chemical composition. We evaluated the effect of two sources of humic compounds on a dystrophic yellow Oxisol cultivated with passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims f. edulis) and irrigated with saline water during a severe drought in the Brazilian semiarid region. Soil fertility was evaluated during two seasons. A bovine biofertilizer and an organic commercial amendment (Humistar) were used as sources of humic compounds. Salinity resulted in reduced soil fertility, mainly during the lower rainfall period. The combination of humic substances and salinity increased soil salinity. Humistar, more concentrated in humic acid than fulvic acid, increased both acidity and salinity of the Oxisol under study during the lower rainfall period. Our results contradict the general idea that organic matter can mitigate the harmful effects of salts in semiarid soils because the addition of organic sources to the soil, mainly during a severe drought period, may reduce soil fertility. Although this response may depend on the concentration of humic acids in the amendment, our results suggest that the correction of soil chemistry with the application of either amendment to Oxisols under semiarid conditions, mainly during severe drought, is not economically feasible.Core Ideas
Saline irrigation reduces the fertility of Oxisols, mainly in low‐rainfall periods.
The combination of humic substances and salinity increased salinity of Oxisols.
During low‐rainfall periods, humic substances reduced Oxisol fertility.
Conversion from Upland to Paddy Field Intensifies Human Impacts on Element Behavior through Regolith
Authors: Wu Huayong , Song Xiaodong , Zhao Xiaorui , Zhang Gan‐Lin 
Published: October 2019

Core IdeasConversion of upland to paddy caused significant loss of Fe within about 20 yr.The conversion impacted nearly the whole regolith far deeper than 1‐m soil profile.The magnitude of influence varied among elements.Despite many studies regarding the influence of the conversion from various types of land uses to paddy cultivation on soil change, little is known about how deep this influence may reach and what difference among elements may exist. To investigate the influence of the conversion from uplands to paddy fields on element behavior, we used mass‐balance equations to quantify element loss and gain throughout the regoliths from surface to bedrock at the Red Soil Critical Zone Observatory in subtropical China. The studied regoliths, with a thickness of 7 to 8 m, are acidic and highly weathered and developed from Quaternary red clay underlain by sandstone bedrock. The conversion increased the loss of Fe by 44%, whereas it decreased the loss of Mn by 14% in the top 3 m within a short timescale (about 20 yr). Slight influences of the conversion were observed for Al, K, and Mg, but no noticeable influences were found for Ca, Na, Si, and P. The observable influence of the conversion reached depths of 3 m for Fe, Mn, and Al and 1 m for Mg and K. Below the 4‐m depth, the influence was difficult to separate from the impacts of groundwater fluctuations. The lack of a noticeable influence on Ca and Na was mainly due to almost all of these elements having been depleted at the regolith–bedrock interface. Artificial flooding–drainage cycles and increases in fertilizer inputs in the paddy fields intensified the influence on element behavior via shifting the processes and sources of many elements in the regolith.
Quartz crystals in Toba rhyolites show textures symptomatic of rapid crystallization
Authors: Barbee Olivia , Chesner Craig , Deering Chad 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTextural and chemical heterogeneities in igneous quartz crystals preserve unique records of silicic magma evolution, yet their origins and applications are controversial. To improve our understanding of quartz textures and their formation, we examine those in crystal-laden rhyolites produced by the 74 ka Toba supereruption (&gt;2800 km3) and its post-caldera extrusions. Quartz crystals in these deposits can reach unusually large sizes (10–20 mm) and are rife with imperfections and disequilibrium features, including embayments, melt inclusions, titanomagnetite and apatite inclusions, spongy morphologies, hollow faces, subgrain boundaries, multiple growth centers, and Ti-enriched arborescent zoning. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative analyses (petrography, CL, EBSD, X-ray CT, LA-ICPMS), we determine that those textures commonly thought to signify crystal resorption, crystal deformation, synneusis, or fluctuating P–T conditions are here a consequence of rapid disequilibrium crystal growth. Most importantly, we discover that an overarching process of disequilibrium crystallization is manifested among these crystal features. We propose a model whereby early skeletal to dendritic quartz growth creates a causal sequence of textures derived from lattice mistakes that then proliferate during subsequent stages of slower polyhedral growth. In a reversed sequence, the same structural instabilities and defects form when slow polyhedral growth transitions late to fast skeletal-dendritic growth. Such morphological transitions result in texture interdependencies that become recorded in the textural-chemical stratigraphy of quartz, which may be unique to each crystal. Similar findings in petrologic experimental studies allow us to trace the textural network back to strong degrees of undercooling and supersaturation in the host melt, conditions likely introduced by dynamic magmatic processes acting on short geologic timescales. Because the textural network can manifest in single crystals, the overall morphology and chemistry of erupted quartz can reflect not only its last but its earliest growth behavior in the melt. Thus, our findings imply that thermodynamic disequilibrium crystallization can account for primary textural and chemical heterogeneities preserved in igneous quartz and may impact the application of quartz as a petrologic tool.