bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stroke admissions in the medical wards of a teaching hospital in south east nigeria: A 10 -year review
Authors: Nkpozi Marcellinus , Nwanke Rowland , Ugwu Ejiofor 
Published: August 2020

Stroke, the third leading cause of death worldwide, contributes significantly to the morbidity and mortality of medical admissions. There is a paucity of literature on stroke outcomes in the Southeast region of Nigeria. This study, therefore, is aimed at bridging this gap in knowledge. .This was a 10-year retrospective descriptive study in which data about patients with a clinical diagnosis of stroke were extracted from the Admission/Discharge registers in the medical wards of ABSUTH, Aba. Relevant data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software. A total of 6587 admissions were recorded within the study period; 830 (12.6%) were admitted because of stroke, made up of 382 (46%) males and 448 (54%) females. Stroke was the commonest cause of death among the medical in-patients within the period under review and of all the stroke admissions, mortality was high at 42.3% with majority of the deaths (91.5%) occurring within the first two weeks of hospitalization. Stroke contributed significantly to medical admissions in the city of Aba, Nigeria. Mortality from stroke was high and that occurred mainly within the acute phase of the illness. There is, therefore, a need for dedicated stroke units to be set up in centres where stroke admissions are this high where the stroke in-patients will be afforded specialized multidisciplinary care instead of the present situation of medical ward admissions.
Flood-inundation modeling in an operational context: sensitivity to topographic resolution and Manning's n
Authors: Praskievicz Sarah , Carter Shawn , Dhondia Juzer , Follum Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Streamflow forecasts from operational hydrologic models can be converted into forecasts of flood-inundation extent using either physically based hydraulic models or simpler terrain-based approaches. Two factors that influence simulated flood-inundation extent are spatial resolution of topographic data and in-channel and overland-flow roughness characterized by the Manning's n parameter. Here, AutoRoute, a raster-based flood-inundation model, was used to simulate two recent flood events in Florida (a forested floodplain) and Texas (an urban floodplain) using two different topographic resolutions and a range of Manning's n values. The AutoRoute-simulated flood-inundation extents were evaluated using observed extents from remotely sensed imagery. For comparison, the same flood events were also simulated using a one-dimensional Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) model. Results indicated that model performance was much improved with higher topographic resolution for the forested floodplain site and that the urban site was more sensitive to Manning's n. For the three different rivers analyzed, the fit for HEC-RAS was 5–10% higher than that for AutoRoute. Despite being only slightly less accurate than HEC-RAS in its simulation of flood extent, AutoRoute was much simpler to set up and required less computational time to run.
The reality of water quality monitoring for SDG 6: a report from a small town in India
Authors: Rayasam Swati D. G. , Rao Bakul , Ray Isha 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Based on a study of microbial water quality in a small town (Alibag) in India, we show the practical limitations of monitoring for fecal indicator bacteria to meet SDG 6. We find that even when water quality monitoring and testing infrastructure is in place, low institutional capacity and the pressure to not ‘fail’ the expected water quality standards can result in the failure to accurately report bacterial water quality.
Monitoring the characteristics and removal of natural organic matter fractions in selected South African water treatment plants
Authors: Moyo Welldone , Chaukura Nhamo , Motsa Machawe M. , Msagati Titus A. M. , Mamba Bhekie B. , Heijman Sebastiaan G. J. , Nkambule Thabo T. I. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study used spectroscopic methods to investigate the fate and dynamics of natural organic matter (NOM) as it traverses the treatment train at three water treatment plants (WTPs) in South Africa. The character, quantity, and removability of NOM at specific treatment stages was investigated by measuring changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration, specific ultra-violet absorbance, UV absorbance, various spectroscopic indices, and maximum fluorescence intensity levels. A novel method of identifying and quantifying fluorescent fractions by combining synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) and Gaussian peak fitting is presented. The dynamics of NOM removal were modeled using 2D-SFS correlation spectroscopy. Humic and fulvic substances dominated coastal plants and were the most amenable for removal by coagulation as shown by Hermanus WTP (plant H), which had a 42% DOC removal at the coagulation stage. Tyrosine-like, tryptophan-like and microbial humic-like substances were degraded or transformed concurrently at plant Flag Bushiole (FB) whereas, at plant H, fulvic-like matter was transformed first followed by tyrosine-like then humic-like matter. Through 2D-SFS, this study revealed that NOM transformation was varied as a consequence of NOM character, the type and dosage of treatment chemicals used, and WTPs operational parameters.
Investigating island groundwater salinity, using vulnerability index and numerical methods
Authors: Zeynolabedin Amin , Ghiassi Reza , Pirooz Moharam Dolatshahi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Seawater intrusion is one of the major issues in Qeshm Island, which is the biggest island of the Persian Gulf. To investigate seawater intrusion in this island, a modified GALDIT index is used to map the vulnerability of the whole region. Considering the vulnerability map, two critical sections which have the highest vulnerability, one in the northeast and the other in the west side of the island, are chosen for detailed investigation. To achieve this goal, two numerical models, MODFLOW and SEAWAT are applied to simulate the groundwater flow and solute transport. The results show that the aquifer is in a dangerous level of threat of vulnerability and 15 km2 of the aquifer is in danger of being salinized. A comparison is made between MT3DMS and SEAWAT results, indicating that SEAWAT simulates seawater intrusion with more accuracy. It seems because of considering salt density in SEAWAT flow equations. The numerical simulation shows that the seawater is intruding on the island at a rapid rate.
Fast and efficient removal of Pb(II) ion and malachite green dye from wastewater by using magnetic activated carbon–cobalt nanoparticles
Authors: Mohammadi Sayed Zia , Mofidinasab Nasatran , Karimi Mohammad Ali , Mosazadeh Farideh 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A high-surface-area and inexpensive activated carbon has been produced from lemon peel using chemical activation with H3PO4 at 500 °C in a N2 atmosphere. Afterwards, the synthesized cobalt nanoparticles using coprecipitation method were adsorbed on the activated carbon surface, and as a result magnetic activated carbon was obtained. Sample characterization has been assessed via X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption and magnetic properties. It was found that magnetic activated carbon–cobalt nanoparticles (MAC/Co) synthesized had a high saturation magnetization. The MAC/Co revealed super-paramagnetic behaviors at room temperature, and have been readily isolated from solution by using an exterior magnet. Next, adsorption behavior of malachite green and Pb(II) onto the generated MAC/Co has been examined. Sorption kinetics and equilibrium have been studied using batch procedure. The kinetic and isothermal adsorption results were matched completely with the Elovich and Langmuir models, respectively. Based on the Langmuir model, the highest adsorption capacities of malachite green dye and Pb(II) ion respectively were 263.2 and 312.5 mg g−1 at room temperature. Based on the results, the MAC/Co is a probable economic and effective adsorbent that can be employed as a new adsorbent to remove malachite green dye and Pb(II) from wastewater.
Hierarchical approach towards adsorptive removal of Alizarin Red S dye using native chitosan and its successively modified versions
Authors: Khapre M. A. , Jugade R. M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the present work, native chitosan (Ch) along with its chemically and physico-chemically modified versions, namely sulphate cross-linked chitosan (SCC) and sulphate cross-linked chitosan–bentonite composite (SCC-B), were employed as potential adsorbents for the removal of an anionic dye, Alizarin Red S (ARS) from aqueous solutions. All three adsorbents were extensively characterized using techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, thermogravimetric–differential thermal analysis, and pH point of zero charge. Various parameters were optimized, including pH of dye solution, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial adsorbate concentration and temperature of adsorption. Four adsorption isotherm models were studied and it was found that the Freundlich model was best-fit for all three systems. Maximum adsorption capacities towards adsorption of ARS were found to be 42.48, 109.12 and 131.58 mg g−1 for Ch, SCC and SCC-B, respectively. Kinetics of adsorption was examined by employing three well-known models in order to deduce the mechanism of adsorption. Thermodynamic studies show that the process is spontaneous and exothermic for all adsorbents employed. Furthermore, it was observed that for large sample volumes, the column adsorption method was more effective compared to the batch method.
Exploration of the Potential Mechanism of Calculus Bovis in Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer by Network Pharmacology
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Zeng Puhua , Gao Wenhui , Wu Ruoxia , Deng Tianhao , Chen Siqin , Tian Xuefei 
Published: August 2020

Aim and Objective:Calculus Bovis (CB) has been employed to treat diseases for a long time. It has been identified to play significant anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor roles. However, the mechanism of treating primary liver cancer (PLC) remains to be revealed. This study aims to clarify the molecules and mechanisms of CB in treating PLC.Materials and Methods:After oral bioavailability (OB) and drug-likeness (DL) screening, 15 small molecules were identified as the potential ingredients against PLC. Following this, related targets network constructions and pathways were applied to clarify the mechanism of CB in treating PLC. An in vitro experiment was carried out to identify the function of CB in treating PLC.Results:Eleven compounds of CB were identified that play an anti-PLC role, including oleanolic acid, ergosterol, ursolic acid, etc. The potential targets which were observed include IL6, MAPK-8, VEGFA, Caspase-3, etc. Further analysis showed that the mechanism of CB in the treatment of PLC involved apoptosis-related pathways and immune-related pathways.Conclusion:In summary, the current study combines network pharmacology and in vitro experiments to reveal the mechanism of CB against PLC. We concluded that 11 ingredients of CB have an anti-PLC effect. Furthermore, CB plays a key role in treating PLC mainly by apoptosisrelated pathways and immune-related pathways. Our experiment verifies that CB promotes the apoptosis of SMMC-7721.
Using the Self-Management Assessment Scale for Screening Support Needs in Type 2 Diabetes: Qualitative Study
Authors: Öberg Ulrika , Orre Carl Johan , Hörnsten Åsa , Jutterström Lena , Isaksson Ulf 
Published: August 2020

Background
Globally, most countries face a common challenge by moving toward a population-based structure with an increasing number of older people living with chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes. This creates a considerable burden on health care services. The use of digital tools to tackle health care challenges established views on traditional nursing, based on face-to-face meetings. Self-management is considered a key component of chronic care and can be defined as management of the day-to-day impact of a condition, something that is often a lifelong task. The use of a screening instrument, such as the Self-Management Assessment Scale (SMASc), offers the potential to guide primary health care nurses into person-centered self-management support, which in turn can help people strengthen their empowerment and self-management capabilities. However, research on self-management screening instruments is sparse, and no research on nurses’ experiences using a digitalized scale for measuring patients’ needs for self-management support in primary health care settings has been found.

Objective
This paper describes diabetes specialist nurses’ (DSNs) experiences of a pilot implementation of the SMASc instrument as the basis for person-centered digital self-management support.

Methods
This qualitative study is based on observations and interviews analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results
From the perspectives of DSNs, the SMASc instrument offers insights that contribute to strengthened self-management support for people with type 2 diabetes by providing a new way of thinking and acting on the patient’s term. Furthermore, the SMASc was seen as a screening instrument with good potential that embraces more than medical issues; it contributed to strengthening person-centered self-management support, and the instrument was considered to lead both parts, that is, DSNs and patients, to develop together through collaboration.

Conclusions
Person-centered care is advocated as a model for good clinical practice; however, this is not always complied with. Screening instruments, such as the SMASc, may empower both nurses and patients with type 2 diabetes with more personalized care. Using a screening instrument in a patient meeting may also contribute to a role change in the work and practice of DSNs.
Depression and Psychological-Behavioral Responses Among the General Public in China During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study
Authors: Zhang Weiyu , Yang Xiaoting , Zhao Jinfeng , Yang Fengzhi , Jia Yajing , Cui Can , Yang Xiaoshi 
Published: August 2020

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has recently spread dramatically worldwide, raising considerable concerns and resulting in detrimental effects on the psychological health of people who are vulnerable to the disease. Therefore, assessment of depression in members of the general public and their psychological and behavioral responses is essential for the maintenance of health.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and the associated factors among the general public during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted from February 11 to 16, 2020, in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. A self-administrated smartphone questionnaire based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and psychological and behavioral responses was distributed to the general public. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the associated factors of depression.aA cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted from February 11 to 16, 2020, in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. A self-administrated smartphone questionnaire based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and psychological and behavioral responses was distributed to the general public. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the associated factors of depression.

Results
The prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10) among the general public during the COVID-19 pandemic was 182/1342 (13.6%). Regression analysis indicated that feeling stressed, feeling helpless, persistently being worried even with support, never feeling clean after disinfecting, scrubbing hands and items repeatedly, hoarding food, medicine, or daily supplies, and being distracted from work or study were positively associated with depression, while social support and being calm were negatively associated with depression.

Conclusions
The general public suffered from high levels of depression during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, COVID-19–related mood management and social support should be provided to attenuate depression in the general public.
<B>SHORT-TERM MEASURES TO AVOID RETALIATORY KILLING OF A TAPIR (</B><I>Tapirus bairdii</I> <B>) DURING A CASE OF HUMAN CONFLICT AT LA AMISTAD BIOSPHERE RESERVE, COSTA RICA</B>
Authors: Gómez-Hoyos Diego A. , Seisdedos-de-Vergara Rocío , Castañeda Fernando , Schipper Jan , Amit Ronit , González-Maya José F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe increase in human tapir conflict and lack of management options is worrying and has been identified as a research priority in previous conservation planning reviews for the group. Crop-raiding by Baird’s tapir was reported on a private farm within the La Amistad Biosphere Reserve, Costa Rica. We conducted an open interview with the owner and baited the tapir out of the damaged area using an artificial salt-lick. The measures taken (quick response, assistance on alternative solutions, and the decision to use of salt-licks) were successful short-term measures to avoid lethal retaliatory control of tapirs.Key words: conservation, crop-raiding, hunting, interview, salt-lick, tapir.ResumenEl aumento en los conflictos humano-tapir y la falta de opciones de manejo es preocupante, por lo que han sido identificados como una prioridad de investigación en revisiones previas de planeación para la conservación del grupo. En una finca privada ubicada dentro de la Reserva de la Biósfera La Amistad, Costa Rica, se reportó el daño a cultivos de un tapir centroamericano. Se realizó una entrevista abierta con el propietario y se atrajo al tapir fuera del área afectada usando un saladero artificial. Las medidas a corto plazo tomadas (respuesta rápida, asistencia en soluciones alternativas y la decisión del uso de saladeros) al parecer fueron exitosas para evitar el control letal retaliativo de tapires.Palabras clave: asalto de cultivos, cacería, conservación, entrevistas, saladeros, tapir.
Ratio Decidendi Hakim dalam Kasus Asal Usul Anak
Authors: Kurniawan Arif 
Published: August 2020

Studying conducted by the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) depicts that illegal marriage is one of significant factors causing the neglect of children in the country. The government attempts to solve the problem through the way of isbath (the legal procedure to register a marriage in the governmental authority) and stating a legalisation of the parental origin of the children. This way is important in order to get recognition by the state and the people, as well as to save children born from illegal marriage. In fact, however – as this article finds out – not all the courts have granted the request of making legalisation of the parental origin of the children as happened in the case No. 0136 / Pdt.P / 2016 / Pa. Kab. Kdr. The judges’ decidendi ratio (legal hermeneutics) at considering the case, is implementing the Law No. 1 (1974) on Marriage, Article 3 (2) and 4. The legal decision made by the judges has had direct implications for the children such as weakening the legal standing of children, discrimination and violating the basic human rights of the children.
Pembatalan Nikah Karena Rekayasa Oleh Suami (Analisis Terhadap Putusan Nomor 053/Pdt.G/2015/Ms-Jth)
Authors: Salihin Riyadhus , Murtahar Murtahar 
Published: August 2020

Pembatalan pernikahan menurut kamus hukum adalah: suatu tindakan pembatalan suatu pernikahan yang tidak mempunyai akibat hukum yang dikehendaki karena tidak memenuhi syarat-syarat yang ditentukan oleh hukum atau Undang-undang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Bagaimana pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan pembatalan nikah karena adanya rekayasa dan tinjauan hukum Islam terhadap pertimbangan putusan Pembatalan Nikah di Mahkamah Syar’iah Jantho pada putusan Nomor 053/Pdt.G/2015/MS-JTH. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode field research denganpendekatan kualitatif dan jenis penelitiannya bersifat deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik dokumentasi dan studi kepustakaan. Tinjauan hukum terhadap pertimbangan putusan Pembatalan Nikah di Mahkamah Syari’ah Jantho pada putusan Nomor 053/Pdt.G/2015/MS-JTH tersebut dalam dikategorikan sebagai berikut: Jika dilihat dari fiqh hukum Islam pertimbangan tersebut belum sesuai dengan hukum Islam karena tidak dilakukan hukuman ta’zir kepada pelaku, sedangkan ditinjau dari peraturan perundang-udangan sudah sesuai yakni pencabutan dasar hukum terhadap surat pernikahan rekayasa yang dilakukan oleh termohon I dan termohon 2 karena didasarkan pada ketentuan pasal 24 dan 25 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Pasal 71 ayat 1 Kompilasi Hukum Islam pernikahan tersebut dapat dibatalkan, maka Surat Akta Nikah yang dikeluarkan oleh Kantor Urusan Agama yang bersangkutan.
El orden de especialización en estructuras débiles generalizadas
Authors: Avila Jesus , Grajales Adriana , Perdomo-Hernández Leidy Carolina 
Published: August 2020

En topología es bien conocido que podemos pasar de espacios topológicos a conjuntos ordenados y viceversa usando el orden de especialización y la topología de Alexandrov, entre otras. Esta relación ha permitido obtener importantes resultados teóricos, los cuales se han generalizado al considerar relaciones de preorden o mejor aún relaciones binarias. Siguiendo la metodología clásica de los trabajos en matemáticas, es decir usando teoremas, proposiciones, corolarios, ejemplos y contraejemplos, en este trabajo desarrollamos una teoría del orden de especialización en estructuras débiles generalizadas. Relacionamos varios conceptos topológicos con conceptos de conjuntos ordenados y estudiamos el conjunto de estructuras sobre el conjunto cuyo orden de especialización coincide con un orden inicial . Finalmente probamos que este conjunto tiene como elemento máximo a la topología de Alexandroff , pero en general no tiene elemento mínimo.
Gestión del riesgo operacional en el proceso de transporte de producto terminado en el sector azucarero
Authors: Osorio Gómez Juan Carlos , Coronado M. A. , Colorado M. 
Published: August 2020

La gestión del riesgo en las cadenas de suministro ha venido tomando gran importancia, tanto desde la perspectiva académica como de las aplicaciones prácticas. El departamento del Valle del Cauca en Colombia es reconocido por su vocación agroindustrial, destacándose la producción de azúcar en sus ingenios azucareros. Considerando entonces, la importancia del sector azucarero en la economía Vallecaucana y la tendencia actual sobre la gestión de riesgos, se presenta una propuesta para la identificación y priorización de los riesgos operacionales en el transporte del azúcar. La metodología aplicada toma como referencia organizaciones que intervienen en el proceso de transporte de azúcar, con la finalidad de identificar y priorizar los riesgos operacionales que permitan proponer acciones para mitigar o prevenir los impactos negativos que pueden afectar el proceso. El desarrollo de la metodología utiliza una lista de chequeo para la identificación de los riesgos, y la matriz de probabilidad e impacto, además del despliegue de la función de calidad difuso (fuzzy quality function deployment, FQFD) para la priorización de los mismos.