bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecological status of target fishes inside and outside marine conservation area of Batbitim, Misool, Raja Ampat
Authors: Sala R , Marsaoly D , Dasmasela H Y , Parenden D , Orisu D , Tarigan R B 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Batbitim marine conservation area (MCA) of Misool, Raja Ampat has been set as an area that is prohibited for fishing activities since 2005. The only activities allowed in that area are tourism and research activities. The difference in the management status between area inside the Batbitim MCA and outside the MCA might affect ecosystem components such as fish and coral reef in the respective area. The present study aims to investigate the ecological status of target fishes in the two areas. Data were collected by using an underwater visual census at 5 sites, in which at each site 3 transects were placed. Collected data are then used to assess ecological indices for the target fishes. It is found that there were 38 species of target fish belonging to 13 families. The diversity index of Shannon was found to be in the range between 0.99 (inside MCA) to 1.67 (outside MCA) and dominance index ranged between 0.26 (outside MCA) and 0.61(inside MCA). The abundance of individual target fish in each location varies between 960 ind ha−1 (outside MCA) and 9413 ind.ha−1 (inside MCA). Those results indicate that there is a discrepancy between the ecological status of the target fish at locations inside and outside the MCA.
Monitoring Methods on Evaluating the Water-related Green Infrastructure Performance
Authors: Tang Ruoying , Zhang Shuqin , Cheng Ziqing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Green Infrastructure (GI) theoretically can provide multiple ecosystem services, but its performance is uncertain and dynamic which will vary under the different environmental conditions, time and others. In different scenarios, it will probably provide optimal ecosystem service while also probably provide extremely less ecosystem service. This paper mainly focuses on exploring how to use implementable but simple monitoring methods to evaluate the performance of water-related green infrastructure, and discussing that the performance monitor is an indispensable part of GI’s design and practice. The process of “design-practice-monitor-feedback-adjustment”, effectively enhances the local GI’s design, construction, maintenance as well as the policy development level, and helps to achieve good ecological, economic and social benefits in the subsequent process.
The razor in the waterfall: using longitudinal data to sharpen the analysis of cascading disaster risk
Authors: Huggins T. J. , Chen K. , Gong W. , Yang L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Cascading disasters progress from a triggering disaster event to a diverse range of consequent disasters. Disasters following the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011 highlight how these cascades also progress to multiple geographical locations. However, the very low frequency of these events means their analysis has usually excluded base-rate data. This common practice risks overestimating future likelihoods. A simplified approach to base-rates for less catastrophic cascades, following the rule of Occam’s razor, may help develop more accurate predictions of future likelihoods. The current research hypothesized that an intuitively relevant (0.05) probability of cascading flood-related disasters could be derived from a large, generic register of disaster events. A threshold-based analysis of transitions between phases of a hydrologic flood-related cascade was performed using ten years of data from the USA state of Florida. This analysis identified a 0.05 probability of flood-related cascading disasters. The same analytical methods were reliable when applied to subsequent data, from the year 2000. Similar approaches to information extraction and probability analysis can be applied to climatic data collected at more regular intervals. This will improve the usefulness of analytical results, which can then be added to expert analyses of more contemporary events and scenarios.
Molecular Diagnosis of a Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Causing an Outbreak of Pneumonia
Authors: Chu Daniel K W , Pan Yang , Cheng Samuel M S , Hui Kenrie P Y , Krishnan Pavithra , Liu Yingzhi , Ng Daisy Y M , Wan Carrie K C , Yang Peng , Wang Quanyi , Peiris Malik , Poon Leo L M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
A novel coronavirus of zoonotic origin (2019-nCoV) has recently been identified in patients with acute respiratory disease. This virus is genetically similar to SARS coronavirus and bat SARS-like coronaviruses. The outbreak was initially detected in Wuhan, a major city of China, but has subsequently been detected in other provinces of China. Travel-associated cases have also been reported in a few other countries. Outbreaks in health care workers indicate human-to-human transmission. Molecular tests for rapid detection of this virus are urgently needed for early identification of infected patients.

Methods
We developed two 1-step quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR assays to detect two different regions (ORF1b and N) of the viral genome. The primer and probe sets were designed to react with this novel coronavirus and its closely related viruses, such as SARS coronavirus. These assays were evaluated using a panel of positive and negative controls. In addition, respiratory specimens from two 2019-nCoV-infected patients were tested.

Results
Using RNA extracted from cells infected by SARS coronavirus as a positive control, these assays were shown to have a dynamic range of at least seven orders of magnitude (2x10−4-2000 TCID50/reaction). Using DNA plasmids as positive standards, the detection limits of these assays were found to be below 10 copies per reaction. All negative control samples were negative in the assays. Samples from two 2019-nCoV-infected patients were positive in the tests.

Conclusions
The established assays can achieve a rapid detection of 2019n-CoV in human samples, thereby allowing early identification of patients.
Promise of autologous CD34+ stem/progenitor cell therapy for treatment of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Prasad Megha , Corban Michel T , Henry Timothy D , Dietz Allan B , Lerman Lilach O , Lerman Amir 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCD34+ cells are haematopoietic stem cells used therapeutically in patients undergoing radiation or chemotherapy due to their regenerative potential and ability to restore the haematopoietic system. In animal models, CD34+ cells have been associated with therapeutic angiogenesis in response to ischaemia. Several trials have shown the potential safety and efficacy of CD34+ cell delivery in various cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, Phase III trials have now begun to explore the potential role of CD34+ cells in treatment of both myocardial and peripheral ischaemia. CD34+ cells have been shown to be safe and well-tolerated in the acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, and angina models. Several studies have suggested potential benefit of CD34+ cell therapy in patients with coronary microvascular disease as well. In this review, we will discuss the therapeutic potential of CD34+ cells, and describe the pertinent trials that have used autologous CD34+ cells in no-options refractory angina, AMI, and heart failure. Lastly, we will review the potential utility of autologous CD34+ cells in coronary endothelial and microvascular dysfunction.
How Does Daddy at Home Affect Marital Stability?
Authors: Olafsson Arna , Steingrimsdottir Herdis 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTWe investigate whether paying fathers to stay at home with their newborn child affects marital stability. Our empirical analysis is based on a reform in Iceland that offered one month of parental leave earmarked to fathers with a child born on or after January 2001. This reform created substantial economic incentives for fathers to be more involved in caring for their children during their first months of life, and the take-up rate in the first year was 82.4%. We apply a regression discontinuity framework to assess the effect of this reform on the probability of separation among couples and find that parents who are entitled to paternity leave are less likely to separate. The effect persists throughout the first 15 years after the child is born. Interestingly, paternity leave has the strongest impact among couples where the mother has higher, or equal, educational attainment to that of the father.
I (Don’t) Like You! But Who Cares? Gender Differences in Same-Sex and Mixed-Sex Teams
Authors: Gerhards Leonie , Kosfeld Michael 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We study the effect of likeability on women’s and men’s team behaviour in a lab experiment. Extending a two-player public goods game and a minimum effort game by an additional pre-play stage that informs team members about their mutual likeability, we find that female teams lower their contribution to the public good in the event of low likeability, while male teams achieve high levels of co-operation irrespective of the level of mutual likeability. In mixed-sex teams, both women’s and men’s contributions depend on mutual likeability. Similar results are found in the minimum effort game. Our results offer a new perspective on gender differences in labour market outcomes: mutual dislikeability impedes team behaviour, except in all-male teams.
Evolutionary consequences of feedbacks between within-host competition and disease control
Authors: Greischar Megan A , Alexander Helen K , Bashey Farrah , Bento Ana I , Bhattacharya Amrita , Bushman Mary , Childs Lauren M , Daversa David R , Day Troy , Faust Christina L , Gallagher Molly E , Gandon Sylvain , Glidden Caroline K , Halliday Fletcher W , Hanley Kathryn A , Kamiya Tsukushi , Read Andrew F , Schwabl Philipp , Sweeny Amy R , Tate Ann T , Thompson Robin N , Wale Nina , Wearing Helen J , Yeh Pamela J , Mideo Nicole 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Lay Summary: Competition often occurs among diverse parasites within a single host, but control efforts could change its strength. We examined how the interplay between competition and control could shape the evolution of parasite traits like drug resistance and disease severity.
Do you need to pay for quality care? Associations between bribes and out-of-pocket expenditures on quality of care during childbirth in India
Authors: Landrian Amanda , Phillips Beth S , Singhal Shreya , Mishra Shambhavi , Kajal Fnu , Sudhinaraset May 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
While it is mandated that reproductive and child health services be provided for free at public facilities in India, qualitative evidence suggests it is common for facilities to request bribes and other informal payments for medicines, medical tests or equipment. This article examines the prevalence of bribe requests, total out-of-pocket expenditures (OOPEs) and associations between bribe requests and total OOPEs on the experience of quality of care and maternal complications during childbirth. Women who delivered in public facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India were administered a survey on sociodemographic characteristics, bribe requests, total OOPEs, types of health checks received and experience of maternal complications. Data were analysed using descriptive, bivariate and multivariate statistics. Among the 2018 women who completed the survey, 43% were asked to pay a bribe and 73% incurred OOPEs. Bribe requests were associated with lower odds of receiving all health checks upon arrival to the facility (aOR = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.24–0.98) and during labour and delivery (aOR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.25–0.76), lower odds of receiving most or all health checks after delivery (aOR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.31–0.62) and higher odds of experiencing maternal complications (aOR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.13–1.87). Although it is mandated that maternity care be provided for free in public facilities in India, these findings suggest that OOPEs are high, and bribes/tips contribute significantly. Interventions centred on improving person-centred care (particularly guidelines around bribes), health system conditions and women’s expectations of care are needed.
Clandestine Lutheranism in the eighteenth-century Dutch Cape Colony*
Authors: Witmer Olga 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article examines the survival strategies of Lutheran dissenters in the eighteenth-century Dutch Cape Colony. The Cape Colony was officially a Reformed settlement during the rule of the Dutch East India Company (V.O.C.) but also had a significant Lutheran community. Until the Lutherans received recognition in 1780, part of the community chose to uphold their faith in secret. The survival of Lutheranism in the Cape Colony was due to the efforts of a group of Cape Lutheran activists and the support network they established with ministers of the Danish-Halle Mission, the Francke Foundations, the Moravian Church and the Lutheran Church in Amsterdam.
Clinical and preclinical therapeutic outcome metrics for USH2A-related disease
Authors: Toms Maria , Dubis Adam M , de Vrieze Erik , Tracey-White Dhani , Mitsios Andreas , Hayes Matthew , Broekman Sanne , Baxendale Sarah , Utoomprurkporn Nattawan , Bamiou Doris , Bitner-Glindzicz Maria , Webster Andrew R , Van Wijk Erwin , Moosajee Mariya 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
USH2A variants are the most common cause of Usher syndrome type 2, characterized by congenital sensorineural hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and also contribute to autosomal recessive non-syndromic RP. Several treatment strategies are under development; however, sensitive clinical trial endpoint metrics to determine therapeutic efficacy have not been identified. In the present study, we have performed longitudinal retrospective examination of the retinal and auditory symptoms in (i) 56 biallelic molecularly confirmed USH2A patients and (ii) ush2a mutant zebrafish to identify metrics for the evaluation of future clinical trials and rapid preclinical screening studies. The patient cohort showed a statistically significant correlation between age and both rate of constriction for the ellipsoid zone length and hyperautofluorescent outer retinal ring area. Visual acuity and pure tone audiograms are not suitable outcome measures. Retinal examination of the novel ush2au507 zebrafish mutant revealed a slowly progressive degeneration of predominantly rods, accompanied by rhodopsin and blue cone opsin mislocalization from 6 to 12 months of age with lysosome-like structures observed in the photoreceptors. This was further evaluated in the ush2armc zebrafish model, which revealed similar changes in photopigment mislocalization with elevated autophagy levels at 6 days post fertilization, indicating a more severe genotype-phenotype correlation and providing evidence of new insights into the pathophysiology underlying USH2A-retinal disease.
Current status of perioperative chemotherapy for locally advanced gastric cancer and JCOG perspectives
Authors: Terashima Masanori , Yoshikawa Takaki , Boku Narikazu , Ito Seiji , Tsuburaya Akira , Iwasaki Yoshiaki , Fukagawa Takeo , Tokunaga Masanori , Sano Takeshi , Sasako Mitsuru ,   the Stomach Cancer Study Group, Japan Clinical Oncology Group
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Perioperative treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer has been inconsistent between Japan and the Western countries. In Japan, D2 gastrectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is regarded as standard treatment, while neoadjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy is considered to be a standard in the Western countries. Stomach Cancer Study Group of Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) has conducted many perioperative chemotherapy trials. After the publishing of positive results of ACTS-GC trial, stage-specific adjuvant chemotherapy protocols are planned. JCOG1104 was conducted as to demonstrate the non-inferiority of four courses of S-1 to standard eight courses of S-1, because the efficacy of S-1 appears to be sufficient in stage II. The trial failed to demonstrate the non-inferiority of four courses of S-1. S-1 for 1 year is still recognized to be a standard for stage II gastric cancer. For stage III, studies with more intensive treatments were planned as the efficacy of S-1 monotherapy seems to be insufficient. As in the Western countries, JCOG planned the perioperative chemotherapy. However, the clinical staging is a serious issue to select optimal patients for perioperative chemotherapy. JCOG conducted a prospective cohort study to evaluate the validity of clinical staging in JCOG1302A. From the results of this study, cT3-4 and cN1–3 are selected as optimal candidate for perioperative chemotherapy. JCOG1509 was conducted to demonstrate the superiority of perioperative chemotherapy to adjuvant chemotherapy in these cohorts. Perioperative chemotherapy for marginally resectable tumours such as linitis plastica or extensive nodal disease and special type of cancer like HER2 positive are also conducted.
Capture and migration of Jupiter and Saturn in mean motion resonance in a gaseous protoplanetary disc
Authors: Chametla Raúl O , D’Angelo Gennaro , Reyes-Ruiz Mauricio , Sánchez-Salcedo F Javier 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
We study the dynamical evolution of Jupiter and Saturn embedded in a gaseous, solar nebula-type disc by means of hydrodynamics simulations with the fargo2d1d code. We study the evolution for different initial separations of the planets’ orbits, ΔaSJ, to investigate whether they become captured in mean motion resonance (MMR) and the direction of the subsequent migration of the planet (inwards or outwards). We also provide an assessment of the planet’s orbital dynamics at different epochs of Saturn’s growth. We find that the evolution of initially compact orbital configurations is dependent on the value of ΔaSJ. This implies that an evolution as that proposed in the Grand Tack model depends on the precise initial orbits of Jupiter and Saturn and on the time-scales for their formation. Capture in the 1:2 MMR and inward or (nearly) stalled migration are highly favoured. Within its limits, our work suggests that the reversed migration, associated with the resonance capture of Jupiter and Saturn, may be a low-probability evolutionary scenario, so that other planetary systems with giant planets are not expected to have experienced a Grand Tack-like evolutionary path.
Detection of gamma-ray transients with wild binary segmentation
Authors: Antier S , Barynova K , Fryzlewicz P , Lachaud C , Marchal-Duval G 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
In the context of time domain astronomy, we present an offline detection search of gamma-ray transients using a wild binary segmentation analysis called F-WBSB targeting both short and long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and covering the soft and hard gamma-ray bands. We use NASA Fermi/GBM archival data as a training and testing data set. This paper describes the analysis applied to the 12 NaI detectors of the Fermi/GBM instrument. This includes background removal, change-point detection that brackets the peaks of gamma-ray flares, the evaluation of significance for each individual GBM detector, and the combination of the results among the detectors. We also explain the calibration of the ∼ 10 parameters present in the method using one week of archival data. Finally, we present our detection performance result for 60 d of a blind search analysis with F-WBSB by comparing to both the onboard and offline GBM search as well as external events found by others surveys such as Swift-BAT. We detect 42/44 onboard GBM events but also other gamma-ray flares at a rate of 1 per hour in the 4–50 keV band. Our results show that F-WBSB is capable of recovering gamma-ray flares, including the detection of soft X-ray long transients. FWBSB offers an independent identification of GRBs in combination with methods for determining spectral and temporal properties of the transient as well as localization. This is particularly useful for increasing the GRB rate and that will help the joint detection with gravitational-wave events.
The bias of dark matter tracers: assessing the accuracy of mapping techniques
Authors: Pellejero-Ibañez Marcos , Balaguera-Antolínez Andres , Kitaura Francisco-Shu , Angulo Raúl E , Yepes Gustavo , Chuang Chia-Hsun , Reyes-Peraza Guillermo , Autefage Mathieu , Vakili Mohammadjavad , Zhao Cheng 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a comparison between approximated methods for the construction of mock catalogues based on the halo-bias mapping technique. To this end, we use as reference a high-resolution N-body simulation of 38403 dark matter particles on a 400 h−1 Mpc cube box from the Multidark suite. In particular, we explore parametric versus non-parametric bias mapping approaches and compare them at reproducing the halo distribution in terms of the two- and three-point statistics down to $\sim 10^8\, {\rm M}_{\odot }\, h^{-1}$ halo masses. Our findings demonstrate that the parametric approach remains inaccurate even including complex deterministic and stochastic components. On the contrary, the non-parametric one is indistinguishable from the reference N-body calculation in the power spectrum beyond $k=1\, h\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, and in the bispectrum for typical configurations relevant to baryon acoustic oscillation analysis. We conclude that approaches which extract the full bias information from N-body simulations in a non-parametric fashion are ready for the analysis of the new generation of large-scale structure surveys.
l = 1: Weinberg’s weakly damped mode in an N-body model of a spherical stellar system
Authors: Heggie Douglas C , Breen Philip G , Varri Anna Lisa 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Spherical stellar systems such as King models, in which the distribution function is a decreasing function of energy and depends on no other invariant, are stable in the sense of collisionless dynamics. But Weinberg showed, by a clever application of the matrix method of linear stability, that they may be nearly unstable, in the sense of possessing weakly damped modes of oscillation. He also demonstrated the presence of such a mode in an N-body model by endowing it with initial conditions generated from his perturbative solution. In the present paper we provide evidence for the presence of this same mode in N-body simulations of the King W0 = 5 model, in which the initial conditions are generated by the usual Monte Carlo sampling of the King distribution function. It is shown that the oscillation of the density centre correlates with variations in the structure of the system out to a radius of about 1 virial radius, but anticorrelates with variations beyond that radius. Though the oscillations appear to be continually reexcited (presumably by the motions of the particles) we show by calculation of power spectra that Weinberg’s estimate of the period (strictly, 2π divided by the real part of the eigenfrequency) lies within the range where the power is largest. In addition, however, the power spectrum displays another very prominent feature at shorter periods, around 5 crossing times.
An Augmented q-Factor Model with Expected Growth*
Authors: Hou Kewei , Mo Haitao , Xue Chen , Zhang Lu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the investment theory, firms with high expected investment growth earn higher expected returns than firms with low expected investment growth, holding investment and expected profitability constant. Building on cross-sectional growth forecasts with Tobin’s q, operating cash flows, and change in return on equity as predictors, an expected growth factor earns an average premium of 0.84% per month (t = 10.27) in the 1967–2018 sample. The q5 model, which augments the Hou–Xue–Zhang (2015, Rev. Finan. Stud., 28, 650–705) q-factor model with the expected growth factor, shows strong explanatory power in the cross-section and outperforms the Fama–French (2018, J. Finan. Econom., 128, 234–252) six-factor model.