bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Characterization and Studies on Polyaniline/Nanocomposites Thin Films
Authors: Husain Jakeer , Raghu Nagalli , Reddy Narsappa , Sagar Jaisheel , Ambika Prasad M V N , anjum Bushara 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nanocomposites of Polyaniline/Copper oxide were prepared by in-situ polymerization method. These composites were characterized by employing Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron microscopy (TEM), Thermal study by (TGA). The dc conductivity of prepared composites was measured as a function of temperature which shows the strong interaction between Pani and copper oxide particles and exhibits semiconducting behavior. The prepared composites show better Electrical& Thermal properties which may be useful for Potential applications.
Structural, microstructural and optical property studies on sol-gel synthesized Cr/Fe-doped CuO nanoparticles
Authors: Kumar J Praveen , Chandra Sekhar K S K R , Paila Anantharao , Kandula Kumara Raja , Suryanarayana B , Patri Tirupathi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Here with we reported a detailed synthesis of Fe/Cr co-doped Copper oxide nano particles with a simple and inexpensive wet chemical method. The pure and Fe, Cr substituted CuO nanoparticles was prepared with sol-gel chemical method are expedient for industrial application. The preliminary X – ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement study revealed a pure crystallinity nature with monoclinic crystal with C2/c phase. The average crystallite size was calculated by Scherrer’s formula in order of 21 nm and further observation indicates with increase concentration crystalline size increases. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicate particles are in 20-30 nm range. The Raman spectroscopic study indicates the existence of molecular groups in the CuO nanoparticles with the doping of Cr and Fe.
An Overview on Types of White Cast Irons and High Chromium White Cast Irons
Authors: Ngqase Mbulelo , Pan Xiaowei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Crushing and grinding are widely used in mining, mineral processing, cement making, and coal power generation. The mechanical components that contact with materials being processed are working under the conditions of high abrasion and impact. How to reduce the wearing damages and prevent from the cracking failure of the mechanical parts is one of the crucial challenges facing the operations of many industries, involved crushing and grinding processes. Whit cast irons, and specifically high chromium white cast irons, have been developed and deployed worldwide for making mechanical components of crushing and grinding machines due to the combination of high wear resistance and good mechanical strength. The paper is aimed to give an overview on the white cast iron alloys, and particularly high chromium white cast iron alloys, including their classifications, their standard specifications in USA, China and Australia, their main usages and the new developments.
Optical Properties of Calcium Sodium Phosphate Glasses Doped With Strontium
Authors: Chethan M , Sudhakar Reddy M , Abhiram J , Rajiv Asha 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Strontium doped calcium phosphate sodium oxide glasses are prepared by a conventional melt quenching technique with different concentrations. XRD Spectra reveals that these glasses are amorphous in nature. The absorption spectrum of these glass samples exhibited broad band at about ∼230nm. Optical band gap were determined by drawing Tauc plot. On the basis of the measured values of density, molar volume, optical band gaps and refractive index, properties like Ca2+ ion concentration, electronic polarizabilities, oxide ion polarizabilities, inter ionic distance, polaron radius, molar refraction and optical basicity of glass systems were estimated. All the variation can be attributed to the formation of Non bridging oxygens (NBO) with the increase of CaO composition in the glass network.
LiTaO3 Directional Coupler Switch with Enhanced Extinction Ratio and Low Insertion Loss
Authors: Neelima Patnaik D , Krishna P , Vardhani C P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A novel design of optical directional coupler switch with S-bend waveguides on LiTaO3 platform has been designed with R-Soft CAD tool and the same is simulated by Beam propagation method (BPM) for light propagation analysis. The simulation results of the optical directional coupler (ODC) switch is reported. We observed that the directional coupler (DC) switch has lower insertion losses and higher extinction ratios for a certain values that are discussed in the paper. This was studied by variation in waveguide parameters such as, wavelength, waveguide gap, and length of the device. Simulation results designate that the switching efficiency for TE and TM modes with extinction ratio about 3dB when the waveguide gap is 3.5μm for both the polarization modes and insertion loss is 13dB with same waveguide gap in TE mode and 16dB in TM mode at 1550nm wavelength.
Development of a μ-PIC with glass substrate aiming at high gas gain
Authors: Abe M , Tanimori T , Takada A , Mizumura Y , Komura S , Kishimoto T , Takemura T , Yoshikawa K , Nakamura Y , Nakamasu Y , Taniguchi T , Onozaka K , Saito K , Mizumoto T , Sonoda S , Parker J D , Miuchi K , Sawano T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Micro pixel chambers (μ-PICs), which are a type of the micro-pattern gas chambers, are usually manufactured using the printed-circuit-board (PCB) technology. However, recent application projects have begun to require higher gas gains and finer position resolution than those obtainable with current μ-PICs. It is difficult to improve the electrode structure to achieve these improvements because PCB technology limits the precision of electrode fabrication and the thickness of the substrate. We have therefore adopted micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) technology and developed the first prototype of a through-glass-via (TGV) μ-PIC. This prototype TGV μ-PIC worked well, achieving a maximum gain of approximately 20,000 and an energy resolution of 20.6% (FWHM) at 5.9 keV over the whole 5 × 5 cm2 detection area.
Development and properties of 100 mm-square size LTCC-GEM
Authors: Takeuchi Y. , Komiya K. , Tamagawa T. , Zhou Y. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We developed a gas electron multiplier (GEM) that is highly reliable against discharge using a Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) as an insulating layer (LTCC-GEM). Because LTCC is an inorganic anti-carbonized material, LTCC-GEM is expected to be strong against breakdown. The gain properties of a single layer of 100 µm-thick LTCC-GEM with an effective area of 100 × 100 mm2 was evaluated in the gas mixture of 70% Ar and 30% CO2 at 1 atm. The maximum gain was approximately 3,500 at an applied voltage of 730 V and the gain variation was less than 3% over 14 hours of operation. In addition, the LTCC-GEM remained unbroken during the experiment despite more than 20,000 discharges at a high applied voltage of 730 V. We confirm that the LTCC-GEM is discharge-tolerant and has the same performance as traditional GEMs.
The MAGIX focal plane time projection chamber
Authors: Caiazza S S , Achenbach P , Aulenbacher S , Biroth M , Christmann M , Denig A , Doria L , Geimer J , Gülker P , Littich M , Lunkenheimer S , Mauch M , Merkel H , Müller J , Rausch J , Schlimme S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The MAGIX experiment is a versatile system optimized for low-energy nuclear and particle physics measurements. The setup is currently under development and will be installed at the MESA electron accelerator, at the Institute for Nuclear Physics of the University of Mainz. The main detectors of that experiment are a couple of high-precision magnetic spectrometers, each of them equipped with a GEM-based TPC at the focal plane to achieve a momentum resolution and angular resolution at the scattering vertex respectively of

≈

δ
P

P

<

10

−
4

a
n
d
≈
1

1 mrad on scattered electron momenta between 1 MeV/c and 105 MeV/c. The limiting factor to achieve those results is the amount and uniformity of the material before the focal plane and even the presence of the TPC field cage can be relevant. Therefore we developed, and hereby introduce, an open field-cage TPC to fulfil those challenging requirements.
Discharge probability studies with a single THGEM setup
Authors: Lautner L , Gasik P , Ulukutlu B 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In Gas Electron Multiplier- and Thick Gas Electron Multipliers-based detectors the discharge stability constrains the safe operating limits in terms of achieved gain and signal amplification. Thus, this is an important optimization parameter for the overall performance of these detectors. The discharge probability has been determined for THGEMs in Ar- and Ne-based gas mixtures as a function of gain. A comparison with GEANT4 simulations allows to extract the critical charge density leading to the formation of a spark in a THGEM hole. Preliminary results of our research show that discharges are triggered by a critical charge of 2.5 × 106 and 7.0 × 106 electrons per THGEM hole in Ar-CO2 (90-10) and Ne-CO2 (90-10), respectively.
Large area BM@N GEM detectors
Authors: Galavanov A. , Kapishin M. , Karjavine V. , Khabarov S. , Kulish E. , Lenivenko V. , Makankin A. , Maksymchuk A. , De Oliveira R. , Piyadin S. , Pokatashkin G. , Rufanov I. , Vasiliev S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Baryonic Matter at Nuclotron (BM@N) is a fixed target experiment at the NICA accelerator complex in JINR aimed to study nuclear matter in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Detectors based on Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) are used for the central tracking system of the BM@N experiment, which is located inside the BM@N analyzing magnet. The structure of the GEM detectors and the results of study of their characteristics are presented. The performance of seven GEM detectors integrated into the BM@N experimental setup and data acquisition system is briefly reviewed.
SRS VMM readout for Gadolinium GEM-based detector prototypes for the NMX instrument at ESS
Authors: Lupberger Michael , Brunbauer Florian Maximilian , Huang Yan , Müller Hans , Oliveri Eraldo , Pfeiffer Dorothea , Ropelewski Leszek , Stenis Miranda Van , Thuiner Patrik 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We report on further development and application of a general purpose readout system, the Scalable Readout System (SRS). The SRS was introduced by the RD51 collaboration in 2009 in a common effort. Several front-end Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) were implemented in the system, of which the APV25 is most commonly used. Recently, we implemented the VMM ASIC, developed to read out detectors of the ATLAS New Small Wheel. We developed hardware components as well as FPGA firmware and computer software. With this latest implementation called SRS VMM, other groups intend to perform experiments and detector R&D. In our application targeted at the NMX macromolecular diffractometer, one of the instruments foreseen at the European Spallation Source (ESS), SRS VMM was used to read out prototype detectors. Small scale versions were successfully tested at neutron sources and a full scale version was constructed. In those test beams, the feasibility of the detector and readout electronics design could be demonstrated.
Production, Quality Control and Performance of GE1/1 Detectors for the CMS Upgrade
Authors: Venditti Rosamaria 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will be upgraded in several phases that will allow significant expansion of its physics program. After the long shutdown in 2019 (LS2) the accelerator luminosity will be increased to 2-3 ×1034 cm−2s−1 for Run 3 and later up to 5×1034 cm−2s−1 for Phase 2 (HL-LHC). The physics program of the LHC experiments will benefit from the augmented luminosity; the sensitivity of the CMS experiment to new physics and to the Standard Model will be fully exploited, providing that a suitable upgrade will enable the CMS detector to cope with future data-taking conditions. Among the upgrades, the installation of new muon stations based on Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology in the endcap will start in early 2019 (GE1/1 station), followed by the installation of two additional stations (GE2/1 and ME0) in 2023. The CMS Muon Collaboration produced the 144 GEM detectors to be installed in the GE1/1 station, sharing the assembly and testing of the detectors among several production sites spread all over the world. A detailed common assembly protocol and quality control procedure (QC) has been deployed, with the ambitious goal to ensure standardization of the performance of the detectors produced by the different sites. The same procedure has been successfully adopted to test the first prototypes of the GE2/1 detectors. In this contribution, we present the final results of the QC tests performed on the GE1/1 chambers, assembled by all the production sites following the common specification parameters.
High-frequency imaging for flaw detection of microelectronics elements with high resolution
Authors: Zhakupov S N , Badin A V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents various diagnostic methods for microelectronic devices, in particular integrated circuits (IC). Features with the use of electron microscopes, scanning infrared microscopes, as well as X-ray flaw detection are considered. In particular, it is proposed to use a method based on electromagnetic radiation from the terahertz frequency range as an alternative to X-ray computed tomography (PXCT). For flaw detection of integrated circuits, it is planned to create a database of materials by preliminary spectral analysis of the materials used to create them. The possibility of analysis by creating two-dimensional patterns of the distribution of the intensity of electromagnetic radiation transmitted through the sample is also considered.
Average power of Laguerre-Gaussian laser beams along the atmospheric path
Authors: Gerasimova L O 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Numerical simulation of various mode propagation of a Laguerre-Gaussian laser beam reflected by a flat mirror at different intensities of optical turbulence along the atmospheric path are carried out. It is found that the strength of optical turbulence increases, the average power of the received signal at the end of a location path exceeds ones at the end of a propagation path double distance in the forward direction. The greater the mode order of the Laguerre-Gaussian beam, the stronger the effect.
Geometric aspects of negative refraction
Authors: Fisanov V V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Using Ptolemy’s theorem and inequality, it is shown that the law of negative refraction of an optical ray on the interface between an ordinary isotropic medium and an electromagnetic metamaterial with negative permittivity and negative permeability corresponds to the Fermat’s principle of least time. The optical path length of the ray between two corresponding points at positive and negative refraction is compared.
Spectral and energy characteristics of resonatorless lasing in solutions of Rhodamine 6G with nanoparticles of various nature with femtosecond pumping
Authors: Donchenko V A , Trifonova A V , Zemlyanov A A , Ryambov R V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The results of measurements of the spectral and energy characteristics of cavity-free lasing in Rhodamine 6G dye solutions with Al nanoparticles irradiated with femtosecond laser pulses are presented. A comparison is made of the threshold generation values in a pure dye solution and in a dye solution with nanoparticles upon irradiation with femtosecond pulses.
Distribution of temperature along the phantom of the human leg under the influence of microwave radiation
Authors: Dunaevskii G E , Nechaev A N , Badin A V , Teterina D D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the article, the results of a study of the temperature distribution inside a phantom in the form of a human foot with a two-layer filling, simulating muscle and bone tissue are shown.Imitation of muscle tissue by dispersed pig meat (minced meat) and the bone by a wax cylinder was carried out.The temperature distribution profiles along the phantom during microwave heating with a power of 40 W in the time interval from 10 to 40 minutes are presented.
Air quality index in Krasnoyarsk (Russia) for 2018-2019
Authors: Tokarev A V , Ya Shaparev N , Yakubailik O E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the work, we calculated the air quality index (AQI) in the city of Krasnoyarsk for 2018 and 2019. The initial data were obtained from automatic observation posts of the regional environmental monitoring system. The effect of individual components (pollutants) on the index value is analyzed. The dependence of the index values on seasonal and weather conditions is studied.
Accurate real-time FENO expirograms using complementary optical sensors
Authors: Petralia Lorenzo S , Bahl Anisha , Peverall Rob , Richmond Graham , Couper John H , Hancock Gus , Robbins Peter A , Ritchie Grant A D 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is an important biomarker for the diagnosis and management of asthma and other pulmonary diseases associated with airway inflammation. In this study we report on a novel method for accurate, highly time-resolved, real time detection of FENO at the mouth. The experimental arrangement is based on a combination of optical sensors for the determination of the temporal profile of exhaled NO and CO2concentrations. Breath CO2and exhalation flow are measured at the mouth using diode laser absorption spectroscopy (at 2μm) and differential pressure sensing, respectively. NO is determined in a sidestream configuration using a quantum cascade laser based, cavity-enhanced absorption cell (at 5.2μm) which simultaneously measures sidestream CO2. The at-mouth and sidestream CO2measurements are used to enable the deconvolution of the sidestream NO measurement back to the at-mouth location. All measurements have a time resolution of 0.1 s, limited by the requirement of a reasonable limit of detection for the NO measurement, which on this timescale is 4.7 ppb (2 σ). Using this methodology, NO expirograms (FENOgrams) were measured and compared for eight healthy volunteers. The FENOgrams appear to differ qualitatively between individuals and the hope is that the dynamic information encoded in these FENOgrams will provide valuable additional insight into the location of the inflammation in the airways and potentially predict a response to therapy. A validation of the measurements at low-time resolution is provided by checking that results from previous studies that used a two-compartment model of NO production can be reproduced using our technology.
Evaluation of Ecological Benefits of Corn Straw Back in Liaozhong North Based on Fuzzy Evaluation
Authors: Xiang Gao , Dan Zhao , Ping Yang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Taking Cainiu Town, Tieling City, Liaoning Province as the main research area, the four evaluation index factors of water, fertilizer, gas and soil were selected through investigation and data collection. The method of combining fuzzy evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process is used to analyze the ecological aspects of comprehensive ecological links such as straw returning to grass, clear ridge returning to field, strip returning to field, deep rotation returning to field and strip returning to field. The final EBI index is obtained by multiplying the matrix by fuzzy analysis method, and then the EBI index and the grade corresponding to the score of the review are compared to get the final judgment result, and the comprehensive ecological benefit index is the final result. Obviously from the results, the comprehensive ecological benefits of soil and water conservation, carbon and oxygen fixation, and water bodies have improved significantly
Study on Insulation Characteristics of Scratch Defects in 35kV XLPE Cable Terminals
Authors: Jiaxiang Wei , Chong Wang , JianWen Gan , Zhengxu Lu , Dawei Liang , Lini Li 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In order to study the influence of different ring-shaped scratches on the insulation characteristics of 35kV Crosslinked polyethylene(XLPE) cable terminations, the model of air-gap defects caused by ring-shaped scratches was introduced at the end of the outer semi-conductor shielding layer, and the finite element simulation calculation was used to calculate the model. The electric field distribution characteristics inside the cable terminal were simultaneously made into cable end samples of different types of scratch defects, and the discharge characteristics were tested by a partial discharge test circuit. The results show that the air gap defect caused by the annular scratch defect increases the degree of electric field distortion. The maximum electric field strength is much larger than the breakdown field strength of the air, and it is prone to partial discharge activity. The Phase Resolved Partial Discharge(PRPD) of the cable terminal with ring scratch defects The spectrum shows a typical “rabbit ear” shape. As the scratch defects deepen, the PRPD spectrum begins to gradually transition to a short-feeling “cat ear” shape.
A Novel Method for Implementing Harmonic Compensation with Multi-Inverters in a Micro-Grid
Authors: Shao Xiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a new multi-inverter-based compensation scheme for the harmonic and reactive influences in a micro-grid, which not only realizes the integration of renewable energy, but also combines the functions of improving power quality at the point of common coupling (PCC) simultaneously. The proposed method uses the remaining power energy in the inverter to implement local harmonic compensation, which achieves the flexible customization of power quality and economics. Specifically, an accurate and stable modulated hopping Discrete Fourier Transform (mHDFT) algorithm with merits of computation of a sparse DFT result is applied to measure the harmonic current. In addition, a proportional resonant (PR) controller selected to track the command current due to its infinite gain for a specific point ensures there is no steady-state error (ess). Besides, delay compensation and discretization by pre-swapping bilinear transformation are performed to improve the stability of the current loop and enable the controller for digital implementation respectively. The simulation results based on Matlab/Simulink are given to verify the performance of the proposed method.
Secondary control of island microgrid based on distributed multi-agent system under symmetric time delay
Authors: Shaotong Bai 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the voltage and frequency instability caused by the primary control of the island mi-crogrid and the reactive power unevenness caused by the unbalanced circuit impedance, a quad-ratic control strategy based on the distributed multi-agent system is adopted. This paper is com-pleted to solve the voltage and frequency deviation due to droop control. The application of dis-tributed consistency algorithm under symmetric time delay is analyzed. The theoretical model is built in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the influence of delay on distributed consistency algorithm.