bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radioactive Gold Nanoparticle in Two Forms (19879Au GNPs and 99mTc-GNPs) for Lung Cancer Antiproliferative Induction and Intralesional Imaging: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Xu Hongwei , Jiang Shengpan , Wang Jimin , Li Xuebing , Wu Tingwei , Xu Pengfei , Santos-Oliveira Ralph , Zhang Aohua 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Lung cancer is among the most common cancers worldwide, responsible for 13% of all
new cancer cases. Also, it is the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women. In this scenario, an
effective and efficient treatment is required.

Objective:
Production of two gold nanoparticles: 198Au and 99mTc-Au. The first one has been produced from
irradiation of the 197Au in order to produce a beta-emitter gold nanoparticle for cancer therapy. The second one
has been produced from the radiolabeling of gold nanoparticles with technetium 99 metastable in order to produce
imaging nanoagent.

Methods:
The 198Au nanoparticles were produced by irradiation and identified by hyper-purity germanium
(HPGe). They were then evaluated in vitro in order to confirm the behavior on cell proliferation of lung cancer
cell lines by the MTT methodology using A549 cells. The 99mTc-Au nanoparticles were produced by directradiolabeling
with 99mTc and evaluated in vivo as intralesional nanoagent.

Results:
The results showed that in both cases, all the nanoparticles have performed their duties with excellence.
The 198Au nanoparticles were capable to kill lung cancer cells, while 99mTc-Au was capable to image the tumor
after intralesional injection. In addition, 99mTc-Au nanoparticles were useful for biodistribution assay imaging,
showing the main organs responsible for the nanoparticle uptake in healthy animals.

Conclusion:
Both gold nanoparticles showed to be a highly efficient nanoagent for both: therapy and diagnosing
of lung cancer.
Cluster Analysis to Characterize the Patterns of Complementary and Alternative Medicines Usage in Asthma Controls
Authors: M.R. Pooja , M.P. Pushpalatha 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Clinicians and physicians need to be aware of the high prevalence of complementary and alternative medicines use in patients with asthma, as it is found to be associated with lack of asthma control, though the degree to which associations exist is still not clear.

Methods:
We have performed a cluster analysis to characterize patterns defining different asthma control levels and the extent to which the medicines have an impact in these categories.

Results and Conclusion:
We have explored the association of Complementary and Alternative medicines utilization with asthma control and the effect of asthma controller medications, with the conclusion that the usage of complementary and alternative medicines does not have a significant impact on partially and uncontrolled asthmatics.
Using Virtual Reality to Improve Apathy in Residential Aged Care: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Saredakis Dimitrios , Keage Hannah AD , Corlis Megan , Loetscher Tobias 
Published: May 2020

Background
Apathy is a common symptom in neurological disorders, including dementia, and is associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline, reduced quality of life, and high caregiver burden. There is a lack of effective pharmacological treatments for apathy, and nonpharmacological interventions are a preferred first-line approach to treatment. Virtual reality (VR) using head-mounted displays (HMDs) is being successfully used in exposure- and distraction-based therapies; however, there is limited research on using HMDs for symptoms of neurological disorders.

Objective
This feasibility study aimed to assess whether VR using HMDs could be used to deliver tailored reminiscence therapy and examine the willingness to participate, response rates to measures, time taken to create tailored content, and technical problems. In addition, this study aimed to explore the immediate effects between verbal fluency and apathy after exposure to VR.

Methods
A mixed methods study was conducted in a sample of older adults residing in aged care, and 17 participants were recruited. Apathy was measured using the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), and verbal fluency was used as a proxy measure of improvements in apathy and debriefing interviews to assess feedback from participants. Side effects that can occur from using HMDs were also measured.

Results
We recruited participants from a high socioeconomic status setting with a high education level, and the participation rate was 85% (17/20); most responses to measures were positive. Access to a wide range of freely available content and the absence of technical difficulties made the delivery of a VR reminiscence intervention highly feasible. Participants had improved semantic scores (t14=−3.27; P=.006) but not phonemic fluency scores (t14=0.55; P=.59) immediately after the intervention. Those with higher levels of apathy demonstrated the greatest cognitive improvements after a VR reminiscence experience, which was indicated by a strong positive relationship between the AES and semantic verbal fluency change scores postminus pre-VR (r=0.719; 95% CI 0.327 to 0.900; P=.003). All participants enjoyed the experience despite 35% (6/17) of participants experiencing temporary side effects.

Conclusions
This study provides initial evidence that it is feasible to use VR with HMDs for therapy to treat symptoms of apathy in older adults in residential aged care. However, there is a need to closely monitor the side effects of HMD use in older adults. Further research is needed using an active control group to compare the use of VR with traditional forms of reminiscence therapy.
Effect of Tread Design Changes on Tire Patch Dynamics at High Speeds Using a Dynamic Contact Force Measurement Rig
Authors: Van Gennip Matthew D. , Okamoto Kazuki , Miyanishi Kohei , Kashimata Hideaki 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
The dynamic effects at the tire contact patch are one of the most difficult factors of a tire to measure. Generally, only the total forces at the tire axle are captured during the tests. There are a few methods for identifying the force distribution at the tire contact patch, but most of these methods are limited to static tests or dynamic tests at slow speeds under nonrepeatable conditions, such as with vehicle testing. Because of this limitation, A&D Company, Limited has developed a tire-testing machine called the dynamic contact force testing rig (DCFR) to measure the dynamic force distribution at the contact patch during high speeds and under reproducible conditions. Preliminary studies have shown that minute changes in shear stress and pressure distribution can be measured consistently. This study observes the dynamic force distribution in a high-performance tire under a variety of test conditions: varying normal load, speed, slip angle, and slip ratio. The tire tread was altered manually by siping additional longitudinal and lateral slits in the existing tread pattern. The tests were repeated for each tread pattern: stock tire tread, additional longitudinal slits, and additional lateral slits. The change in force distribution was compared along the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical axes. The results showed how small changes in tread design can influence tire performance. This article is a preliminary study, primarily investigating the capabilities of the DCFR while investigating basic observable trends in force distribution.
Pergeseran Tradisi Khitan Anak Perempuan di Kudus Jawa Tengah
Authors: Rosyid Moh 
Published: May 2020

This paper aims to describe the shift in the circumcision tradition of girls in Kudus, Central Java. The focus of this shift discussion was mainly on the shift of circumcision done by Dukun Bayi (Traditional Midwife) to that done by a professional midwife, and the prevailing cultural shift is also illustrated. The data were collected through interviews with mothers of the circumcised girls through random sampling. This research is categorized as a case study. The collected data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the study revealed that the tradition of girl circumcision is a result of following a tradition that has been done for ages, the understanding of fiqh experts plays a role in the circumcision of girls. As the village midwife is serving childbirth, the circumcision that was initially done by a dukun now is done by professional midwives. The dukun played as a massage therapist to mothers with old pregnancy, also to the postpartum mothers and their babies. The knowledge that girls circumcision needs to be done by medical staff (midwives) will be more optimal if the village government facilitates the role of village midwives in Kudus.

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pergeseran tradisi khitan anak perempuan di Kudus, Jawa Tengah. Faktor utama perubahan tersebut adalah munculnya pengkhitan bidan desaâ€”yang sebelumnya dilakukan oleh dukun bayiâ€”dan menggambarkan perubahan budayanya. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan ibu dari anak perempuan yang dikhitan secara random sampling. Riset ini kategori studi kasus, data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa tertradisinya mengkhitan akibat mengikuti tradisi, yakni pemahaman ahli fikih tentang khitan pada anak perempuan. Seiring adanya bidan desa yang melayani persalinan warga, maka pengkhitan yang semula dukun bayi ada yang dialihkan pada bidan desa. Dukun bayi diperankan sebagai tukang pijet pada ibu yang usia kandungannya menua dan memijat ibu pascamelahirkan beserta bayinya. Hal yang perlu dipahami agar mengkhitan anak perempuan dilakukan oleh tenaga medis (bidan) makin optimal bila peran bidan desa difasilitasi oleh pemerintah desa di Kudus.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity of Nitrogen­ Oxygen-Sulfur (NOS) Transition Metal Complexes Derived from Novel S-2,4-dichlorobenzyldithiocarbazate with 5-fluoroisatin
Authors: Abdul Manan Mohd Abdul Fatah , Bahron Hadariah , Kassim Karimah , Mohamad Mohd Asrul Hafaz , Sayed Mohamad Syed Nazmi 
Published: May 2020

A novel Schiff base containing nitrogen-oxygen-sulfur (NOS) donor atoms formed from the condensation reaction of S-2,4-dichlorobenzyldithiocarbazate (S-2,4BDTC) with 5-fluroisatin has been synthesized. Complexes of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) with this Schiff base have been prepared and characterized using elemental analysis and various physico-chemical techniques. In the cobalt(II) and nickel(II) complexes the Schiff base behaves as a uninegatively charged tridentate nitrogen-oxygen-sulfur (NOS) chelating ligand, bonding through the azomethine nitrogen, thiolate sulfur and carbonylic oxygen of the isatin moiety. However, in the copper(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes the Schiff base behaves as a nitrogen-sulfur (NS) bidentate chelating ligand, bonding through the azomethine nitrogen and thiolate sulfur. The Schiff base and the metal complexes were evaluated with respect to antimicrobial activity, which was performed in relation to two selected pathogenic microbials (Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). It was observed that only the zinc Schiff base complex exhibited strong activity against the Bacillus subtilis bacteria with an inhibition zone of 25 mm.
Naon ataukah Naon ‘Apa’ Inovasi Internal dalam Bahasa Sunda
Authors: Wahya Wahya 
Published: May 2020

Konsep ‘apa’ dalam bahasa Sunda diekspresikan dengan kata naᴐn. Secara geolinguistik kata naᴐn memiliki varian naön. Sebaran geografis kata naᴐn dan naön berbeda. Kata naᴐn tersebar luas di wilayah Priangan, sedangkan naön tersebar di daerah Banten dan Priangan Timur berbatasan dengan Jawa Tengah, juga di Brebes. Secara diakronis kata naᴐn berasal dari nahaon, sedangkan kata naön berasal dari nahaön, yang masingmsing kehilangan suku kata ha karena proses sinkop. Baik kata nahaon maupun nahaön memiliki bentuk dasar naha yang masing-masing ditambah suku kata on dan ön. Dalam bahasa Sunda bentuk ön secara morfemis berstatus sufiks. Dengan demikian, kemungkinan besar kata nahaön merupakan kata polimorfemis yang berasal dari naha + - ön. Dari analisis di atas, kemungkinan besar kata nahaon berasal dari nahaön. Sama halnya dengan kata naᴐn berasal dari naön. Dengan demikian, kata naᴐn dan nahaᴐn masing-masing merupakan inovasi internal dari kata naön dan nahaön.
Kedudukan dan Fungsi Bahasa dalam Permuseuman
Authors: Mahmud Erlina Zulkifli , Ampera Taufik , Risagarniwa Yuyu Yohana , Sidiq Inu Isnaeni 
Published: May 2020

Kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa sebagai alat komunikasi manusia mencakup seluruh bidang kehidupan termasuk ilmu pengetahuan antara lain terkait sejarah peradaban manusia; bagaimana manusia mempertahankan hidupnya, bagaimana manusia memperlakukan alam, bagaimana alam menyediakan segala kebutuhan manusia. Apa yang dilakukan manusia saat ini, saat lampau, dan apa yang dilakukan manusia jauh di masa prasejarah, bagaimana kondisi alam di masa-masa tersebut, apa perubahan dan perkembangannya, dapat didokumentasikan melalui bahasa, divisualisasikan kembali, lalu dipajang sebagai salah satu upaya konversai dan preservasi dalam satu institusi yang disebut museum. Penelitian ini membahas kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa dalam permuseuman. Bagaimana kedudukan dan fungsi bahasa dalam permuseuman baik dalam informasi yang disampaikan oleh pemandu wisata museumnya maupun yang terpajang menyertai benda-benda dan gambar-gambar merupakan tujuan dari penelitian ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah gabungan antara metode lapangan dan metode literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum kedudukan bahasa Indonesia berada pada urutan pertama setelah Bahasa Inggris dan keberadaan kedua bahasa dalam permuseuman ini melibatkan dua fungsi utama bahasa, yakni fungsi komunikatif dan fungsi informatif.The existence and function of language as a medium of communication covers all fields of human life including knowledge, one of them is the history of human civilization; how humans survived, how human utilized nature for their lives, and how nature provides all the necessities for humans. What humans have been doing now, what they have done in the past and far before that in the pre-history time, how the conditions of the nature at those times were and what changes as well as progresses occurred are documented using language, then re-visualized, displayed as one of conservation and preservation acts in an institution called museum. This research discusess the existence and function of language in museums. How important the existence of a language in museums and what language functions used in museums both in informations given by the museum guides and on the displays accompanying objects and pictures are the aims of this research. The methods used are the combination between field research and library research. The results show that generally the existence of Indonesian language plays more important role than English and both languages have two main functions; communicative function and informative function.
Mengenal Penggunaan Partikel His ‘His’ sebagai Pengungkap Emosi dalam Cerita Rekaan Berbahasa Sunda
Authors: Wahya Wahya , Lyra Hera Meganova , Permadi Raden (R.) Yudi 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK Bahasa di mana pun di dunia ini secara universal memiliki kelas kata yang disebut partikel. Secara praktis keberadaan partikel ini penting karena memiliki fungsi tertentu dalam bahasa sebagai sarana untuk berkomunikasi bagi para penuturnya. Namun demikian, sebagai ciri keunikan setiap bahasa, tentu bentuk, jumlah, dan fungsi partikel ini berbeda-beda. Bahasa Sunda sebagai bahasa alamiah yang merupakan salah satu bahasa daerah di Indonesia kaya dengan pertikel ini. Salah satu partikel yang terdapat dalam bahasa Sunda adalah his ’his’. Artikel ini akan mencoba membahas partikel his ini dari ssi sebagai pengungkap emosi dalam percakapan para tokoh cerita rekaan berbahasa Sunda. Untuk membahas partikel his ini digunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode simak, yakni menyimak penggunaan partikel his oleh para tokoh dalam cerita rekaan berbahasa Sunda dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa teknik catat. Adapun metode analisis menggunkan metode padan pragmatik dan referensial dengan pendekatan semantik gramatikal. Sumber data yang digunakan berupa enam buah cerita rekaan berbahasa Sunda dengan pertimbangan pada keenam buku tersebut terdapat data yang diperlukan dan sebagai sampel sumber data. Dari hasil pengamatan terhadap enam belas data ditemukan enam emosi yang diungkapkan partikel his, meyakinkan, kesal, melarang, kecewa, tidak setuju, danangkuh.Kata kunci: partikel, fatis, emosi, semantik gramatikal ABSTRACT Languages everywhere in the world universally have a class of words called particles. Practically the existence of this particle is important because it has a certain function in language as a means to communicate for its speakers. However, as a feature of the uniqueness of each language, the shape, number, and function of these particles differ. Sundanese as a natural language which is one of the regional languages in Indonesia is rich in this particles. One of the particles contained in Sundanese is his. This article will try to discuss his particle from an expression of emotion in the conversation of the fictional characters in Sundanese. To discuss this particle, a qualitative descriptive method is used. Data were collected using the method of listening, which is listening to the use of his particle by the characters in a fictional story in Sundanese language with data collection techniques in the form of note taking techniques. The analytical method uses the pragmatic and referential equivalent method with a grammatical semantic approach. The data source used in the form of six Sundanese fiction stories with consideration in the six books contained the necessary data and as a sample data source. From the observation of the sixteen data found six emotions expressed his particle, convincing, annoyed, forbidding, disappointed, disagreeing, and arrogant.Keywords: particle, phatic, emotion, grammatical semantics
MEMBACA ANTOLOGI PUISI MENCINTAI KARYA EVI IDAWATI; MEMBACA KERINDUAN YANG TAKPERNAH JEDA
Authors: Banita Baban , Sarathan Indra 
Published: May 2020

Mencintai adalah aktivitas yang luar biasa sebab dengan mencintai berarti telah turut menciptakan kedamaian dunia yang sekaligus juga kebahagiaan. Mencintai bisa diungkapkan dengan berbagai hal sesuai dengan kapasitas atau ketertarikan orang itu. Evi Idawati melakukannya dengan membuat puisi. Puisi-puisi yang bertemakan cintanya dapat dikategorikan menjadi dua, yakni mencintai kepada manusia dan mencintai kepada pencipta manusia. Dalam mengungkapkan cinta tersebut ada persamaan dan perbedaan. Persamaannya, aku lirik memposisikan diri sebagai orang yang siap menghamba terhadap yang dicintainya. Perbedaannya, dalam mencintai manusia terdapat unsur tubuh dan berahi sementara dalam mencintai sang pencipta yang muncul adalah sikap iklas dalam menjalankan ritual yang disertai doa-doa. Bentuk atau jenis cinta ini dalam pandangan Fromm adalah cinta terhadap Tuhan dan cinta erotis atau cinta sesama.
Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Classification: a Survey
Authors: Sami Aseel , Abdulmunem Matheel E. 
Published: May 2020

In this review paper, several studies and researches were surveyed for assisting future researchers to identify available techniques in the field of classification of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. SAR images are becoming increasingly important in a variety of remote sensing applications due to the ability of SAR sensors to operate in all types of weather conditions, including day and night remote sensing for long ranges and coverage areas. Its properties of vast planning, search, rescue, mine detection, and target identification make it very attractive for surveillance and observation missions of Earth resources. With the increasing popularity and availability of these images, the need for machines has emerged to enhance the ability to identify and interpret these images effectively. This is due to the fact that SAR image processing requires the formation of an image from the measured radar scatter returns, followed by a treatment to discover and define the image's composition. After reviewing several previous studies that succeeded in achieving a classification of SAR images for specific goals, it became obvious that they could be generalized to all types of SAR images. The most prominent use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) was successful in extracting features from the images and training the neural network to analyze and classify them into classes according to these features. The dataset used in this model was obtained from the Moving and Stationary Target Acquisition and Recognition (MSTAR) database, which consists of a set of SAR images of military vehicles, for which the application of the CNN approach achieved a final accuracy of 97.91% on ten different classes.
Assessment of Genotoxicity of Citrobacter freundii Bacteriocin on Bone Marrow Cells in Albino Mice
Authors: Hammad Rasha Noori , Obaid Hind Hussein 
Published: May 2020

Genotoxic effects of crude bacteriocin extracted from Citrobacter freundii were detected on albino mice bone marrow cells in vivo, using micronucleus (MN) and comet assay. The mice were administered intraperitoneally with 37.5, 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg of the extract for 24 hours. C. freundii was isolated from patients suffering from urinary tract infections (UTI). The bacteriocin producing isolates were determined using cup assayand the most efficient bacteriocin producers were selected. Bacteriocin was extracted from the efficient isolates via the induction with Mitomycin-C (2 mg/ml). Bacteriocin activity (320 U/ml) was determined by well diffusion method, while the protein concentration (2900Âµg/ml) was estimated by Lowery method. The results showed an acute dose-dependent toxic effect of the crude bacteriocin ; The higher doses (150 and 300 mg/kg) caused a significant increase (Pâ‰¤0.05) in the micronuclei frequency in the bone marrow cells (4.62 and 5.37%, respectively (. Furthermore, DNA damage increased significantly (Pâ‰¤0.05) and proportionally to higher bacteriocin doses (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg), as demonstrated by increased values of tail length (145.18, 267.73 and 295.08 %,( %DNA in tail (8.05, 13.87 and 14.31 %(, and olive tail moment (13.25, 22.72 and 25.85 % , respectively.
A case of cervical myelopathy following chronic hypertrophic non-union type 2 odontoid fracture managed with posterior C1 decompression and C1-3 instrumentation: Case report and brief review of literature
Authors: Shaaban Ahmed Taha Elsayed , Doomi Ahmed , Belkheir Sirajeddin 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Type 2 odontoid fractures are the most common type of fracture of the axis. In rare cases, nonunion of a type 2 odontoid fracture can be hypertrophic resulting in myelopathy due to cervical cord compression.

Case Description:
A 48-year-old male presented with hypertrophic nonunion of a chronic type 2 odontoid fracture resulting in cord compression/myelopathy. This was adequately treated utilizing a C1 decompression and C1-3 instrumented fusion; no anterior procedure was necessary.

Conclusion:
Here, we successfully treated a patient with a hypertrophic nonunion of a chronic type 2 odontoid fracture utilizing a posterior only approach consisting of a C1 laminectomy with C1-C3 fusion.
Cervical epidural neurosarcoidosis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Khairy Sami , Alharbi N. A. , Alaglan Abeer , Sufiani Fahd Al , Alkhani Ahmed 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Neurosarcoidosis is a rare disease. In the spine, it commonly presents as an intramedullary lesion. Epidural spinal lesions are extremely rare.

Case Description:
A 29-year-old patient presented with a 22-month history of progressive neck, upper limb pain, and myelopathy. The cervical MRI showed a large epidural mass infiltrating the paraspinal soft tissue. After an open biopsy, the diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis was established and was followed-up by appropriate medical management.

Conclusion:
To manage cervical epidural neurosarcoidosis, first, you must obtain a tissue diagnosis and then follow with appropriate medical management.