bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Hesperetin after Oral Administration in Normal and Hyperuricemia Rats by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Li Kexin , Wei Li , Han Zhigang , Xiong Huarong , Zhang Fengmei , Liu Xuwei , Zhao Dezhang , Pan Yongquan , Han Wenli 
Published: July 2020

Backgrounds:
Hesperetin has antihyperuricemia activity, and the pharmacokinetic profiles
of hesperetin may be altered by hyperuricemia. This study aimed to develop a highly sensitive
and specific method for the determination of hesperetin in normal and hyperuricemia rats, and to
compare pharmacokinetic profiles of hesperetin after oral administration between normal and hyperuricemia
rats.

Methods:
Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into one normal group (group A) and
four hyperuricemia groups (group B, C, D, and E). Groups A, B, C, and D received a single dose
(9–81 mg/kg) of hesperetin on Day 28, respectively, while group E received multiple doses (27
mg/kg) of hesperetin once daily for 28 days. Blood samples were collected at 10 different time
points post-dose, and hesperetin was determined by Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography-
tandem Mass Spectrometric (UPLC-MS/MS).

Results:
Compared with normal condition of group A, hyperuricemia of group C induced 48.19%
and 19.57% decreases in Cmax and CL/F, and resulted in 58.25% and 19.48% increases in Tmax
and AUC0-t for hesperetin, respectively. After 28 days of hesperitin treatment, Cmax of group E
was significantly elevated than that of group C (p < 0.05). Hesperetin exhibited nonlinear pharmacokinetic
properties in the range of 9-81 mg/kg in hyperuricemia rats.

Conclusions:
The pharmacokinetic parameters of hesperetin in hyperuricemia rats were reported for
the first time. Intestinal injury may be ameliorated by hesperetin in hyperuricemia rats after 28
days’ treatment. These findings could provide more beneficial information to the mechanism and
clinical applications of hesperetin.
Mechanistic Insights into the Anticandidal Action of Vanillin Reveal Disruption of Cell Surface Integrity and Mitochondrial Functioning
Authors: Saibabu Venkata , Fatima Zeeshan , Khan Luqman Ahmad , Hameed Saif 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Considering the emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in prevalent human fungal pathogen,
Candida albicans, there is parallel spurt in development of novel strategies aimed to disrupt MDR. Compounds from natural
resources could be exploited as efficient antifungal drugs owing to their structural diversity, cost effectiveness and negligible side effects.

Objective:
The present study elucidates the antifungal mechanisms of Vanillin (Van), a natural food flavoring agent against
Candida albicans.

Methods:
Antifungal activities were assessed by broth microdilution and spot assays. Membrane and cell wall perturbations
were studied by PI uptake, electron microscopy, plasma membrane H+
extrusion activity and estimation of ergosterol and
chitin contents. Mitochondrial functioning was studied by growth on non-fermentable carbon sources, rhodamine B labeling
and using retrograde signaling mutants. Gene expressions were validated by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

Results:
We observed that the antifungal activity of Van was not only limited to clinical isolates of C. albicans but also
against non-albicans species of Candida. Mechanistic insights revealed effect of Van on cell surface integrity as evident
from hypersensitivity against membrane perturbing agent SDS, depleted ergosterol levels, transmission electron micrographs and diminished plasma membrane H+
extrusion activity. In addition, spot assays with cell wall perturbing agents,
scanning electron micrographs, delayed sedimentation rate and lower chitin content further substantiate cell wall damage by
Van. Furthermore, Van treated cells underwent mitochondrial dysfunctioning via impaired retrograde signaling leading to
abrogated iron homeostasis and DNA damage. All the perturbed phenotypes were also validated by RT-PCR depicting differential regulation of genes (NPC2, KRE62, FTR2 and CSM3) in response to Van.

Conclusion:
Together, our results suggested that Van is promising antifungal agent that may be advocated for further investigation in therapeutic strategies to treat Candida infections.
Is the Detection of Factor IX Inhibitors in Hemophilia B Orphan than Factor VIII Inhibitors in Hemophilia A? A Concise, Systematic Review
Authors: Mansouritorghabeh Hassan , Mohades Seyedeh T. 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
Development of inhibitors in hemophilia A and B comprise significant
challenge for patients, hematologists, and health provider systems. It has recommended by the
World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) to check inhibitors every 3-4 months. The incidence of
inhibitor in hemophilia B is lower than hemophilia A. Here, it tried to unravel whether the detection
of inhibitors in hemophilia B neglected compared to hemophilia A or not?

Methods:
A comprehensive review carried out using six international and local medical search
engines on published contributions about inhibitors in hemophilia A and B in Iran.

Results:
From 699 titles, 12 relevant papers were selected. The mean of factor VIII inhibitors in
hemophilia A was 14.8%. The mean of factor IX inhibitors in hemophilia B was 6%. The minimum and
maximum reported percentages of factor VIII inhibitors were 4% and 19.6%, while the minimum
and maximum of reported percentages of factor IX inhibitors were 0% and 11.8%, respectively.
The inhibitors in hemophilia A had reported in 6 papers. One paper had covered the inhibitors in
hemophilia B. There were five papers on inhibitors in both hemophilia A and B. The comparison
between the reported patients showed that 3020 patients with hemophilia A and 314 patients with
hemophilia B had studied.

Conclusion:
Consistent with the lower frequency of hemophilia B and the lower development of
inhibitors in hemophilia B compared to hemophilia A, it was concluded that hemophilia B had not
neglected in Iran. It seems to be rational that each country, check rates of detection of inhibitors in
hemophilia B to identify whether it has neglected or not.
Reactive Power Control Strategy of Demand Side Back-to-Back Converter Based on VSM
Authors: Lyu Xiao , Ma Gang 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The Demand Side Management (DSM) technology is playing an increasingly
important role in the power system, in order to promote the real-time supply and demand balance
of the power grid and improve the economy and safety of the power grid.

Objective:
To realize the flexible and continuous reactive power control of demand side load, a reactive
power control strategy for the demand side back-to-back converter (DS-B2BC) is proposed.

Methods:
First, DS-B2BC is proposed. Then, the reactive power control model of DS-B2BC and its
control loop are designed, and the reactive power control model, based on the Virtual Synchronous
Motor (VSM), is established.

Results:
The simulation results verify that the reactive power control strategy proposed in this paper
is effective, which can control the demand side load reactive power flexibly and continuously.

Conclusion:
Moreover, the strategy can counteract the disturbance from the power grid simultaneously.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of NiFe-Se/rGO Nanocomposites
Authors: Yan Rouwei , Xu Biao , Annamalai K.P. , Chen Tianlu , Nie Zhiming , Wang Fangke , Tao Yousheng 
Published: July 2020

Background :
Renewable energies are in great demand because of the shortage of
traditional fossil energy and the associated environmental problems. Ni and Se-based materials
are recently studied for energy storage and conversion owing to their reasonable conductivities
and enriched redox activities as well as abundance. However, their electrochemical
performance is still unsatisfactory for practical applications.

Objective:
To enhance the capacitance storage of Ni-Se materials by modification of their
physiochemical properties with Fe.

Methods:
A two-step method was carried out to prepare FeNi-Se loaded reduced graphene
oxide (FeNi-Se/rGO). In the first step, metal salts and graphene oxide (GO) were mixed under
the basic condition and autoclaved to obtain hydroxide intermediates. As a second step,
selenization process was carried out to acquire FeNi-Se/rGO composites.

Results:
X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD), nitrogen adsorption at 77K, scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were carried out to
study the structures, porosities and the morphologies of the composites. Electrochemical
measurements revealed that FeNi-Se/rGO notably enhanced capacitance than the NiSe/G
composite. This enhanced performance was mainly attributed to the positive synergistic effects
of Fe and Ni in the composites, which not only had an influence on the conductivity of
the composite but also enhanced redox reactions at different current densities.

Conclusion:
NiFe-Se/rGO nanocomposites were synthesized in a facile way. The samples
were characterized physicochemically and electrochemically. NiFeSe/rGO giving much
higher capacitance storage than the NiSe/rGO explained that the nanocomposites could be
an electrode material for energy storage device applications.
Human embryonic derived neural progenitor cells improves neurological scores following brain ischemia/ reperfusion: Modulation of blood and brain tissue MicroRNA-210
Authors: Arab Leila , Fanni Aslan , Nemati Shiva , Arefian Ehsan , Ai Jafar , Mokhtari Tahmineh , Farahmandfar Maryam , Aghdami Nasser , Hassanzadeh Gholamreza 
Published: July 2020

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the effects of human embryonic derived neural progenitor cells on neurological score, histopathological changes, and miRNA-210 as biomarkers of regeneration.
Methods: The animals were randomly divided into the four groups: Sh (sham), MCAO (middle cerebral artery occlusion), MCAO+PBS, MCAO+Cell. One day after MCAO induction, embryonic derived neural progenitor cells (hESC-NPCsGFP) or PBS were injected intracerebroventriculary in MCAO+Cell or MCAO+PBS groups. On day 1, 2, 3, and 7 after ischemia induction, the neurological score was tested in each rat. At 48h, the expression of miRNA-210 was evaluated and 7 days after, the pathological assessments were performed by H&E staining.
Results: Neurological score showed the promotion of functional recovery in MCAO+Cell group. Based on H&E staining, the percentage of neural death in ischemic region reduced in MCAO+Cell group. The miRNA-210 significantly upregulated in both brain and blood samples.
Conclusion: According to the findings, hESC-NPCsGFP injection could up-regulate the miRNA-210 of tissue and blood to support the neuroprotective and regenerative effect of hESC-NPCsGFP in the ischemic lesion and improved the neurological score and reduce the neural death in ischemic region.
Pendidikan Moral Anak Usia Dini Dalam Pandangan Psikologi, Pedagogik, dan Agama
Authors: TADJUDDIN NILAWATI 
Published: July 2020

Artikel ini ingin meninjau konsep pendidikan moral untuk menghasilkan perilaku dan sikap anak dalam pembentukan sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas. Metode penelitian perpustakaan dan teknik analisis isi diterapkan. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa konsep pendidikan moral dalam pandangan Nashk Ulwan yang berhubungan dengan nilai-nilai agama dan konsep pendidikan moral dalam pandangan Kohlberg yang berhubungan dengan tahapan perkembangan moral dapat dibentuk dengan mengukur variabel yaitu: 1) Menyusun pandangan Nasihk Ulwan, dan Kohlberg, 2) Menetapkan konsep-konsep Nasihk Ulwan dan Kohlberg, 3) Menentukan tolak ukur keberhasilan pandangan Nasihk Ulawan dan Kohlberg, 4) Mengembangkan konsep pendidikan moral, 5) Membangun budaya ilmiah yang mengintegrasikan ilmu pengetahuan dan Islam sebagai dasar kurikulum dan konsep pembelajaran pendidikan moral. Model temuan penelitian adalah konsep strategi pengembangan pendidikan moral disekolah, keluarga dan masyarakat untuk menghasilkan sikap perilaku anak yang islami. Akhirnya, artikel ini membahas elemen nilai-nilai moral dalam membentuk sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas.
Hubungan Kepribadian Hardiness dengan Regulasi Emosi pada Dokter Spesialis yang Pernah Menangani Pasien Meninggal Dunia
Authors: Wahono Yobella Christiani , Ambarwati Krismi Diah 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepribadian hardiness dengan regulasi emosi pada dokter spesialis yang pernah menangani pasien meninggal dunia. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 40 dokter spesialis yang pernah menangani pasien meninggal dunia dan memenuhi karakteristik yang telah ditentukan. Metode Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian korelasional. Variabel bebas (X) adalah kepribadian hardiness dan variabel terikat (Y) adalah regulasi emosi berdasarkan aspek yang dikemukakan oleh Kobasa dan diadaptasi oleh Lukman (2008), dan skala Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) yang disusun oleh John dan Gross (2003). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai koefisien korelasi kepribadian hardiness dan regulasi emosi sebesar 0,492; (p) = 0,001 (p lebih kecil dari 0,05). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis diterima yakni terdapat hubungan positif yang siginifikan antara kepribadian hardiness dengan regulasi emosi pada dokter spesialis yang pernah menangani pasien meninggal dunia yang artinya semakin tinggi kepribadian hardiness pada dokter spesialis maka semakin tinggi regulasi emosi pada dokter spesialis.Kata kunci: Kepribadian Hardiness, Regulasi Emosi, Dokter Spesialis, Pasien Meninggal Dunia
Terapi Menulis Pengalaman Emosional Dalam Penurunan Gangguan Stres Pasca Trauma Pada Penyintas Bencana
Authors: Abrianto Hario , Hidayati Fina , Agung Yusuf Ratu 
Published: July 2020

Bencana banjir melanda Pacitan bulan November Tahun 2017 silam meninggalkan dampak fisik yang buruk, di sisi lain bencana juga dapat menimbulkan dampak ketidakseimbangan psikologis atau gangguan psikologis pada korbannya terutama setelah kejadian bencana tersebut. Salah satu gangguan psikologis yang dialami oleh penyintas bencana adalah gangguan stres pasca trauma. Salah satu terapi atau intervensi psikologi yang biasa digunakan dalam menangani gangguan-gangguan psikologis adalah terapi menulis pengalaman emosional atau menulis ekspresif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi menulis pengalaman emosional terhadap upaya penurunan gangguan stres pasca trauma. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif eksperimen dengan model rancang two groups pretest-posttest dan jumlah subjek sebanyak 10 orang pada kelompok eksperimen dan 10 orang pada kelompok kontrol. Subjek merupakan penyintas bencana banjir pacitan yang berada di MA Pembangunan PP Al-Fattah Kikil Arjosari Pacitan. Data diperoleh melalui observasi dan skala modifikasi IES-R untuk mengukur tingkat gangguan stres pasca trauma. Hasil analisis data menggunakan Paired sample t Test untuk kelompok eksperimen menunjukkan penurunan skor yang signifikan dengan t = 5,304 dan signifikansi p = 0,000 lebih kecil dari 0,05 sedangkan kelompok kontrol menunjukkan ada penurunan yang tidak signifikan dengan t = 2,129 dan signifikansi 0,062 lebih besar dari 0,05. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi menulis pengalaman emosional memberikan pengaruh terhadap penurunan tingkat gangguan stres pasca trauma pada penyintas bencana banjir Pacitan di MA pembangunan PP Al-Fattah Kikil Arjosari Pacitan.Kata kunci: terapi menulis pengalaman emosional, gangguan stres pasca trauma, penyintas bencana
Morphometric and traditional frailty assessment in transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Waduud Mohammed A. , Giannoudi Marilena , Drozd Michael , Sucharitkul Penelope P.J. , Slater Thomas A. , Blackman Daniel J. , Scott David J.A. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives
Frailty is common amongst patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic relevance of newer objective and traditional measures of frailty after TAVI.

Methods
Consecutive patients were identified from the Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust TAVI database. Frailty was quantified objectively by measuring the total psoas muscle area (TPMA) on routine computer tomography scans and compared against Canadian Study of Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Score, Katz Index of independence in activities of daily living and Clinician Estimated Poor Mobility. Postintervention morbidity and mortality were examined between these scoring systems.

Results
The current study included 420 patients who had undergone TAVI between January 2013 and December 2015. Median clinical follow-up was 4.0 years (interquartile range 2.9–5.0). Standardized measurements of the TPMA were not associated with either postintervention morbidity or mortality. Only the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Score was associated with hospital stay (adjusted regression coefficient 0.70, 95% confidence interval 0.04–1.36, P = 0.038) and overall all-cause mortality (adjusted regression coefficient 1.26, 95% confidence interval 1.05–1.50, P = 0.013). There were no significant correlations between TPMA and any of the traditional frailty tools.

Conclusion
We demonstrate TPMA to be a poor measure of patient frailty when compared with traditional methods of assessment which failed to predict postintervention outcomes. Furthermore, morphometric sarcopaenia correlated poorly with established measures of frailty.
LATIHAN HIGH-INTENSITY INTERVAL TRAINING RASIO WORK-TOREST 2:1 SAMA BAIKNYA DENGAN 1:1 DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA TAHAN KARDIORESPIRASI PADA PELARI KOMUNITAS
Authors: Usmany Leandra Erdina , Dinata I Made Krisna , Lesmana S. Indra , Pangkahila J Alex , Adiputra Luh Made Indah Sri Handari , Griadhi I Putu Adiartha 
Published: July 2020

Pendahuluan: Performa seorang pelari dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya daya tahan kardiorespirasi. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) telah diusulkan sebagai strategi latihan yang menghemat waktu untuk meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi (VO2max). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbandingan pengaruh HIIT rasio work-to-rest 2:1 dengan 1:1 dalam meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi pada pelari komunitas.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental dengan rancangan berupa randomized pre and post test group design, teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan consecutive sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 22 orang usia 20-30 tahun. VO2max diukur dengan menggunakan 1,5 mile run test / tes lari 2,4 km.
Hasil: . Hasil analisis uji t tidak berpasangan setelah intervensi pada kedua kelompok diperoleh nilai p = 0,579 (p > 0,05) yang berarti tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna pada intervensi HIIT rasio work-to-rest 2:1 dibandingkan dengan HIIT rasio work-to-rest 1:1 terhadap peningkatan daya tahan kardiorespirasi pada pelari komunitas.
Simpulan : HIIT 1:1 sama baiknya dengan 2:1 dalam meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi. Latihan HIIT dengan rasio work-to-rest 1:1 dan 2:1 dapat digunakan sebagai strategi latihan untuk meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi (VO2max).
INTEGRATED NEUROMUSCULAR INHIBITION TECHNIQUE LEBIH MENURUNKAN NILAI DISABILITAS LEHER DARIPADA AKTIVASI DEEP CERVICAL FLEXOR MUSCLE PADA MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME OTOT UPPER TRAPEZIUS
Authors: Hidayat Nitaya Putri Nur , Samatra Dewa Putu Gede Purwa , Lesmana S. Indra , Karmaya Nyoman Mangku , Tianing Ni Wayan , Adiatmika I Putu Gede 
Published: July 2020

Pendahuluan: Perkembangan teknologi memudahkan seseorang untuk menyelesaikan tugas sehari-hari. Banyak orang menghabiskan sebagian besar waktunya untuk berada di depan gawai. Dampak negatif yang timbul pada penggunaan gawai yang berlebihan adalah buruknya postur tubuh, karena seseorang cenderung akan duduk dengan posisi leher yang membungkuk ke depan. Hal tersebut akan menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan kerja otot area leher, terjadi ketegangan terus menerus tanpa disertai relaksasi yang cukup pada otot upper trapezius akan menimbulkan myofascial pain syndrome pada otot tersebut. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk menemukan intervensi fisioterapi yang efektif dan efisien guna menurunkan nilai disabilitas leher pada myofascial pain syndrome otot upper trapezius. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat experimental, dengan pretest-posttest design dengan randomisasi sebagai desain penelitiannya. Intervensi dilakukan 3 kali seminggu selama 4 minggu. Sampel merupakan pasien di klinik Fitasoma, Colomadu, Karanganyar, yang terdiri dari 19 orang berusia 25 - 40 tahun, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yang terdiri dari Kelompok I dengan perlakuan intervensi integrated neuromuscular inhibition technique yang berjumlah 9 orang dan Kelompok II dengan perlakuan aktivasi deep cervical flexor muscle yang berjumlah 10 orang. Pengukuran nilai disabilitas menggunakan Neck Disability Index. Hasil: Terdapat penurunan nilai disabilitas leher yang bermakna pada ke dua kelompok. Pada Kelompok I didapat rerata dari 40,00 menjadi 21,67 dan pada Kelompok II di dapat rerata dari 39,10 menjadi 30,30. Uji beda setelah perlakuan pada masing-masing kelompok didapatkan nilai p=0,042 dan selisih rerata 18,33 pada Kelompok I dan 8,80 pada Kelompok II yang berarti Integrated Neuromuscular Inhibition Technique lebih baik daripada aktivasi deep cervical flexor muscle dalam menurunkan nilai disabilitas leher.
PENAMBAHAN INCENTIVE SPIROMETRY PADA DEEP BREATHING EXERCISE TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KAPASITAS FUNGSI PARU PADA PASIEN PASCAOPERASI JANTUNG DI RUMAH SAKIT JANTUNG HARAPAN KITA
Authors: Santoso Santoso , Sutjana I Dewa Putu , Imron Moh Ali , Muliarta I Made , Adiputra I Nyoman , Dewi Ni Nyoman Ayu 
Published: July 2020

Pendahuluan: Penurunan fungsi paru merupakan masalah besar pada pasien pascaoperasi jantung. Berbagai teknik latihan napas telah dikembangkan fisioterapi di antaranya deep breathing exercie (DBE), namun teknik ini tidak memberikan informasi volume inspirasi saat latihan. Untuk mengatasi kelemahan latihan DBE maka ditambahkanlah program incentive spirometry.Tujuan penelitian untuk membuktikan penambahan latihan IS pada DBE lebih baik dalam meningkatkan FVC dan FEV1 pada pasien pascaoperasi jantung dibanding hanya DBE. Material dan metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan eksperimental dengan rancangan pretest-posttest control group design. Jumlah sampel penelitian 22 orang dan terbagi ke dalam dua kelompok. Kelompok Perlakuan 1 (KP1) mendapat perlakuan DBE, sedangkan Kelompok Perlakuan 2 (KP2) mendapat perlakuan IS dan DBE. Pengukuran FVC dan FEV1 menggunakan spirometri. Masing-masing kelompok mendapat perlakuan sehari setelah pascaoperasi sampai pasien pulang rawat inap. Hasil penelitian: Dari program DBE pada KP1 terjadi peningkatan FVC dengan nilai rerata pre test 1,33±0,41 liter dan post test 1,74±0,36 lite, dimana p<0,05, demikian juga terdapat peningkatan FEV1 dengan nilai rerata pretest 1,09±0,36 liter dan Posttest 1,46±0,49 liter, dengan p<0,05. Sementara program DBE dan IS pada KP2 terjadi peningkatan FVC dengan nilai rerata pre test 1,12±0,39 liter dan post test 1,84±0,54 liter, dengan nilai p<0,05. Demikian juga terjadi peningkatan rerata FEV1 pre test 1,01±0,40 liter dan post test 1,56±0,52 liter, dengan nilai p<0,05. Perbedaan peningkatan FVC intervensi DBE pada KP1 dan IS+DBE pada KP2 1,74±049 liter dan 1,82±0,54 liter dengan nilai p>0,05. Rerata FEV1 setelah intervensi DBE pada KP1 1,46±0,49 liter, dan setelah intervensi DBE dan IS pada KP2 1,56±0,52 liter, dengan p>0,05. Perbedaan selisih peningkatan FVC pada tambahan IS + DBE dan DBE 0,7 liter dan 0,55 liter dan FEV1 0,41 liter dan 0,37 liter. Simpulan: Disimpulkan bahwa latihan antara IS+DBE dan DBE pada pasien pascaoperasi jantung sama-sama dapat meningkatkan FVC dan FEV1 secara bermakna, secara statistik selisih peningkatan FVC dan FEV1 antara IS+DBE dibanding DBE tidak bermakna.