bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 and kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Abolghasemi Sara , Mardani Masoud , Sali Shahnaz , Honarvar Negin , Baziboroun Mana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe novel coronavirus has become a global threat and healthcare concern. The manifestations of COVID‐19 pneumonia in transplant patients are not well understood and may have more severe symptoms, longer duration, and a worse prognosis than in immunocompetent populations.AimsThis study proposed to evaluate the clinical characteristics of COVID‐19 pneumonia in kidney transplant recipients.Patients/MethodsClinical records, laboratory results, radiological characteristics, and clinical outcome of 24 kidney transplant patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia were evaluated from March 20, 2020, to May 20, 2020.ResultsThe most common symptom was shortness of breath (70.8%), followed by fever (62.5%) and cough (45.8%). Five patients had leukopenia, and only one patient had leukocytosis, while 75% of the patients had a white blood cell (WBC) count in the normal range, and 79% of recipients developed lymphopenia. All of the patients had an elevated concentration of C‐reactive protein and an increase in blood urea levels. Chest CT images of 23 patients (95.8%) showed typical findings of patchy ground‐glass shadows in the lungs. Of the 24 patients, 12 were admitted to ICU (invasive care unit), and ten of 24 patients (41.6%) died, and 14 patients were discharged after complete recovery.ConclusionIt seems that COVID‐19 is more severe in transplant patients and has poorer outcomes. Multiple underlying diseases, low O2 saturation, and multilobar view in chest CT scan may be of prognostic value. However, many SARS‐CoV‐2 demonstrations are similar to those of the general population.
A Swedish primary healthcare prevention programme focusing on promotion of physical activity and a healthy lifestyle reduced cardiovascular events and mortality: 22-year follow-up of 5761 study participants and a reference group
Authors: Journath Gunilla , Hammar Niklas , Vikström Max , Linnersjö Anette , Walldius Göran , Krakau Ingvar , Lindgren Peter , de Faire Ulf , Hellenius Mai-Lis 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate long-term risk of first cardiovascular (CV) events, CV deaths and all-cause deaths in community-dwelling participants of a cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention programme delivered in a primary care setting.MethodsIndividuals who visited a primary healthcare service in Sollentuna (Sweden) and agreed to participate in the programme between 1988 and 1993 were followed. They had at least one CV risk factor but no prior myocardial infarction and received support to increase physical activity using the programme Physical Activity on Prescription and to adopt health-promoting behaviours including cooking classes, weight reduction, smoking cessation and stress management. Participants (n=5761) were compared with a randomly selected, propensity score-matched reference group from the general population in Stockholm County (n=34 556). All individuals were followed in Swedish registers until December 2011.ResultsIn the intervention group and the reference group there were 698 (12.1%) and 4647 (13.4%) first CV events, 308 (5.3%) and 2261 (6.5%) CV deaths, and 919 (16.5%) and 6405 (18.5%) all-cause deaths, respectively, during a mean follow-up of 22 years. The HR (95% CI) in the intervention group compared with the reference group was 0.88 (0.81 to 0.95) for first CV events, 0.79 (0.70 to 0.89) for CV deaths and 0.83 (0.78 to 0.89) for all-cause deaths.ConclusionsParticipation in a CVD prevention programme in primary healthcare focusing on promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle was associated with lower risk of CV events (12%), CV deaths (21%) and all-cause deaths (17%) after two decades. Promoting physical activity and healthy living in the primary healthcare setting may prevent CVD.
Transcutaneous bilirubinometry during and after phototherapy in preterm infants: a prospective observational study
Authors: Raba Ali Ahmed , O'Sullivan Anne , Miletin Jan 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo examine the accuracy of transcutaneous bilirubinometry (TCB) measurements during and after phototherapy (PT) in preterm infants.DesignProspective observational cohort study.SettingLevel III neonatal centre.PatientsPreterm infants (from 23+0 to 36+6 weeks of gestation) born between June 2017 and May 2018 requiring PT.InterventionsTCB was measured from an exposed area of the skin (the sternum; TCBU) and the covered area of the skin under the nappy (the bony part of the upper outer quadrant of the buttock; TCBC) within an hour of obtaining total serum bilirubin (TSB).Main outcome measuresCorrelation and agreement between TCB (TCBU and TCBC) and TSB during and after PT.ResultsWe have enrolled 196 preterm infants. There was a significant correlation between TSB and TCB during PT (r=0.72, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.77 in covered area; r=0.75, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.80 in uncovered area) and after PT (r=0.87, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.91). TCB underestimated TSB level during PT, with a mean TCBC–TSB difference of −25±43 (95% agreement limits of 62 to −112) and a mean TCBU–TSB difference of −48±46 (95% agreement limits of 45 to −140). The agreement between TCB and TSB after cessation of PT improved, with TCB underestimating TSB by a mean TCB–TSB difference of −10±31 (95% agreement limits of 52 to −72).ConclusionTCB measurements correlated strongly with TSB levels during and after PT. However, there was a wide and clinically relevant disagreement between TCB and TSB measurements during the PT phase, improving significantly after PT.
Une Catastrophe de Rien du tout ou De “l’ anarchie de l’ imagination”
Authors: Taban Carla 
Published: July 2020

Résumé
Au début de 2006 les artistes Maya Schweizer et Clemens von Wedemeyer ont tourné le film Rien du tout avec la collaboration des élèves d’ un lycée local, dans une banlieue parisienne semblable à celles que des émeutes ont ébranlées en novembre 2005. Employant un riche réseau de références artistiques et culturelles, parmi lesquelles Catastrophe de Beckett et les films de Fassbinder sont les plus saillantes, Rien du tout raconte l’ histoire d’ une réalisatrice autoritaire et de son dispositif cinématographique dont la domination est finalement détournée par des figurants rétifs. L’ image éphémère d’ une société hybride et égalitaire est offerte au spectateur pour qu’ il l’ examine et la compare avec la sienne propre.
Cybernetic Syntax
Authors: Dukes Hunter 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article unfolds what J.M. Coetzee terms “the rhythm of doubt” in Watt—a procedure that parallels cybernetic ideas about feedback and control. A careful reading of Coetzee’s doctoral dissertation, a stylostatistic analysis of Beckett’s English fiction, reveals what the young scholar and novelist labels the syntax of “A against B,” which he puts to use in his early novels. The rhythm of doubt ultimately takes on a political slant in these works, as it becomes associated with (potentially) violent actions performed in the service of perceived rationality.
Reading the Transpacific Journey as Borderspace: the Critical Accounts of Zhang Deyi and Fu Yunlong (1868–1888)
Authors: Lau Jennifer Junwa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this article, travel narratives by two late Qing diplomats, Zhang Deyi 張德彞 (1847–1918) and Fu Yunlong 傅雲龍 (1840–1901), are examined to explore global history from the perspective of Chinese travelers, revealing how discriminatory laws, imperial desires, mass migrations, power imbalances, and economic interests affected Chinese travelers who were distinct from other ethnic Chinese and non-ethnic Chinese itinerants traveling across the Pacific Ocean on the same ship and in the same era. Many of these Mandarin-speaking diplomats traveled on vessels with Cantonese-speaking ethnic counterparts, an indication of the multiplicity of “Chinese” migration experiences and distinct intraethnic encounters in the nineteenth century. This article shows how the embodied experience of Chinese travelers on ships affected not only the way they recorded the experience but also their understanding of the position of the Chinese empire with respect to the world at large.
Between the Law in Books and the Law in Action: the Case of Diu in Constitutional Liberalism
Authors: Cabral de Oliveira Luís , Caleira João 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Why is it important to distinguish between the law in books and the law in action? And what are the practical effects of that distinction, especially when Westernized codes made for native populations are involved? After addressing these broader issues, this article examines the codes prepared for the non-Catholic inhabitants of Diu in 1854 and 1894 and tries to answer some questions: Who made the codes, who applied the codes, and what were their purposes?
Coastal Stratocumulus Dissipation Dependence on Initial Conditions and Boundary Forcings in a Mixed-Layer Model
Authors: Zapata Mónica Zamora , Norris Joel R. , Kleissl Jan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The impact of initial states and meteorological variables on stratocumulus cloud dissipation time over coastal land is investigated using a mixed-layer model. A large set of realistic initial conditions and forcing parameters are derived from radiosonde observations and numerical weather prediction model outputs, including total water mixing ratio and liquid water potential temperature profiles (within the boundary layer, across the capping inversion, and at 3 km), inversion-base height and cloud thickness, large-scale divergence, wind speed, Bowen ratio, sea surface fluxes, sky effective radiative temperature, shortwave irradiance above the cloud, and sea level pressure. We study the sensitivity of predicted dissipation time using two analyses. In the first, we simulate 195 cloudy days (all variables covary as observed in nature). We caution that simulated predictions correlate only weakly to observations of dissipation time, but the simulation approach is robust and facilitates covariability testing. In the second, a single variable is varied around an idealized reference case. While both analyses agree in that initial conditions influence dissipation time more than forcing parameters, some results with covariability differ greatly from the more traditional sensitivity analysis and with previous studies: opposing trends are observed for boundary layer total water mixing ratio and Bowen ratio, and covariability diminishes the sensitivity to cloud thickness and inversion height by a factor of 5. With covariability, the most important features extending predicted cloud lifetime are (i) initially thicker clouds, higher inversion height, and stronger temperature inversion jumps, and (ii) boundary forcings of lower sky effective radiative temperature.
Weather Hazard Risk Quantification for sUAS Safety Risk Management
Authors: Roseman Christopher A. , Argrow Brian M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAs the number of applications for small unmanned (i.e., remotely operated) aircraft systems (sUAS) continues to grow, comprehensive safety risk assessment studies are required to ensure their safe integration into the National Airspace System. One source of hazards for sUAS that has not been extensively addressed is adverse weather. A framework is presented for analyzing weather forecast data to provide sUAS operators with risk assessment information that they can use for making risk-aware decisions. The sUAS Weather Risk Model (sWRM) framework quantifies weather hazard risk for sUAS operations in rural to urban environments using weather forecast, population density, structure density, and sUAS data. sWRM is developed by following the safety risk management guidelines from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration. Development of sWRM highlights a number of aerospace and meteorological research areas that must be addressed prior to weather risk models for sUAS becoming operational. Primary among these research areas is developing widely available finescale (<1 km) weather forecasts and conducting extensive sUAS flight-report studies to accurately estimate parameters of Bayesian belief network conditional probability tables used in the proposed framework. As a proof of concept, sWRM was applied over Boulder, Colorado, using the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh weather product. This initial demonstration of sWRM highlights the potential effectiveness of a detailed risk assessment model that takes into account high-resolution weather and environmental data.
Effects of Distraction in On-Road Level 2 Automated Driving: Impacts on Glance Behavior and Takeover Performance
Authors: Yang Shiyan , Kuo Jonny , Lenné Michael G. 
Published: July 2020

Objective The paper aimed to investigate glance behaviors under different levels of distraction in automated driving (AD) and understand the impact of distraction levels on driver takeover performance. Background Driver distraction detrimentally affects takeover performance. Glance-based distraction measurement could be a promising method to remind drivers to maintain enough attentiveness before the takeover request in partially AD. Method Thirty-six participants were recruited to drive a Tesla Model S in manual and Autopilot modes on a test track while engaging in secondary tasks, including temperature-control, email-sorting, and music-selection, to impose low and high distractions. During the test drive, participants needed to quickly change the lane as if avoiding an immediate road hazard if they heard an unexpected takeover request (an auditory warning). Driver state and behavior over the test drive were recorded in real time by a driver monitoring system and several other sensors installed in the Tesla vehicle. Results The distribution of off-road glance duration was heavily skewed (with a long tail) by high distractions, with extreme glance duration more than 30 s. Moreover, being eyes-off-road before takeover could cause more delay in the urgent takeover reaction compared to being hands-off-wheel. Conclusion The study measured off-road glance duration under different levels of distraction and demonstrated the impacts of being eyes-off-road and hands-off-wheel on the following takeover performance. Application The findings provide new insights about engagement in Level 2 AD and are useful for the design of driver monitoring technologies for distraction management.
Interdigital Commissural Approach for Morton’s Neuroma
Authors: Yañez Arauz Juan Manuel 
Published: July 2020

Background: Morton’s neuroma is a frequent cause of metatarsalgia. Operative treatment is indicated if nonoperative management has failed. The objective of the present study was to describe a technique of Morton’s neuroma excision by a minimally invasive commissural approach and evaluate the long-term outcome and complications. Methods: A retrospective study of 108 patients with Morton’s neuroma treated surgically with a commissural approach between September 1990 and December 2010 was performed. The surgical technique is described. Clinical outcomes and complications were evaluated. The average follow-up was 121 months. Eleven patients were men and 97 women. The average age was 49.4 years; 56.8% neuromas were at the third space and 43.2% at the second space. Six patients presented 2 neuromas in the same foot, and 9 patients had bilateral neuroma. Results: The visual analog scale (VAS) average pain score was 5.4 points preoperatively and 0.2 points at the final follow-up. The author found a significant difference between the VAS scores preoperatively and postoperatively ( P < .01). Excellent and good satisfaction outcomes were achieved in 93.6%. The postoperative complication incidence was 3%. Conclusion: The author believes a minimally invasive commissural approach has advantages over a dorsal or plantar incision. It is a simple and reproducible technique, with satisfactory outcomes, low complication rates, and a quick return to usual activities. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Intracoronary Administration of Allogeneic Cardiosphere-Derived Cells Immediately Prior to Reperfusion in Pigs With Acute Myocardial Infarction Reduces Infarct Size and Attenuates Adverse Cardiac Remodeling
Authors: Sousonis Vasileios , Sfakianaki Titika , Ntalianis Argirios , Nanas Ioannis , Kontogiannis Christos , Aravantinos Dionysios , Kapelios Chris , Katsaros Lampros , Nana Maria , Sampaziotis Dimitrios , Sanoudou Despina , Papalois Apostolos , Malliaras Konstantinos 
Published: July 2020

Background: Allogeneic cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) exert cardioprotective effects when administered intracoronarily after reperfusion in animal models of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The “no-reflow” phenomenon develops rapidly post-reperfusion and may undermine the efficacy of cell therapy, due to poor cell delivery in areas of microvascular obstruction (MVO). We hypothesized that CDC-induced cardioprotection would be enhanced by cell administration prior to reperfusion, when microvasculature is still relatively intact, to facilitate widespread cell delivery within the ischemic area. Methods and Results: We studied 81 farm pigs; 55 completed the specified protocols. A dose-optimization study in infarcted pigs demonstrated that the doses of 5 million and 10 million CDCs are the maximum safe doses that can be administered intracoronarily at 5 minutes prior to and at 5 minutes post-reperfusion, respectively, without aggravating MVO. Quantification of acute cell retention by polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that cell delivery prior to reperfusion resulted in higher cardiac cell retention compared to delivery post-reperfusion. We then performed a randomized, placebo-controlled study to assess the long-term efficacy of intracoronary infusion of 5 million allogeneic CDCs, delivered at 5 minutes prior to reperfusion, in a porcine model of AMI. The CDC therapy resulted in decreased scar size, improved regional systolic function, and attenuation of adverse cardiac remodeling (manifested as preserved global systolic function, preserved end-systolic volume, and decreased interstitial fibrosis) compared to placebo at 30 days post-MI. Conclusions: Dose-optimized intracoronary infusion of allogeneic CDCs prior to reperfusion in a porcine model of AMI is feasible, safe and confers long-term benefits.
Cytokine Levels and Symptoms Among Women with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Considering the Role of Hormonal Contraceptive Use
Authors: Kamp Kendra J. , Han Claire , Shulman Robert J. , Cain Kevin C. , Barney Pamela , Opp Mark R. , Chang Lin , Burr Robert L. , Heitkemper Margaret M. 
Published: July 2020

Background: Young to middle-aged women are more likely than men to be diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Immune dysfunction may be present in IBS, however, few studies have tested whether hormonal contraceptive use is linked to inflammatory markers. The purpose of this study was to compare cytokine levels between women (ages 18–45) with and without IBS and with and without hormonal contraceptive use and to examine the relationships of cytokine levels to IBS gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI symptoms within those using and not using hormonal contraceptives. Methods: Seventy-three women with IBS and 47 healthy control women completed questionnaires (demographics, hormonal contraceptive use) and kept a 28-day symptom diary. Fasting plasma and LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IL-8, and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines were assayed. Results: No differences were found in plasma or stimulated cytokine levels between IBS and control women. Levels of IL-1β ( p = 0.04) and TNF-α ( p = 0.02) were higher among women who did not use hormonal contraceptives compared to women who used hormonal contraceptives. Among women with IBS, significant correlations were found between daily psychological distress and plasma IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 cytokine levels. Conclusions: These results suggest that hormonal contraceptive use might reduce IL-1β and TNF-α cytokine levels in women with IBS. The impact of hormonal contraceptive use on innate immune activation among women with IBS requires further research.
Colonoscopy is safe and not associated with higher pain scores in patients with hypermobility spectrum disorder: results from an exploratory prospective study
Authors: Beckers Abraham B. , Vork Lisa , Fikree Asma , de Ridder Rogier , Aziz Qasim , Masclee Ad , Keszthelyi Daniel 
Published: July 2020

Background: Patient perception of colonoscopy varies greatly. Young slender women and patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) appear to be at risk for periprocedural pain. Recent evidence suggests a high prevalence of joint hypermobility related connective tissue disorders in this population. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether hypermobility spectrum disorder (HSD) is associated with increased pain during colonoscopy. Methods: We prospectively included patients undergoing routine colonoscopy. Subjects were assessed for HSD using the 2017 criteria, and IBS and functional dyspepsia using the Rome III criteria. After colonoscopy and recovery from sedation, patients were asked to report pain scores on a 100-mm visual analogue scale (VAS). In addition, caecal intubation time was measured, endoscopists scored the difficulty of the procedure (100-mm VAS) and procedure-related adverse events were registered. Results: Of 200 included patients, 22 (11%) met criteria for HSD. A female predominance was observed in patients with HSD (86.4% versus 49.4%, p < 0.001). A crude linear regression model demonstrated that pain scores were 13.30 mm higher in patients with HSD versus non-HSD patients (95% CI 0.07 – 26.53, p = 0.049). When subsequently correcting for possible confounding factors, however, this difference in pain scores could be explained by a confounding effect of female gender. Caecal intubation time, perceived procedural difficulty and complication rate did not differ significantly between groups. Conclusion: HSD does not seem to be a predictor of painful colonoscopy, probably due to female gender as a confounding factor. In addition, performing colonoscopy is not more complicated in patients with HSD versus non-HSD patients, nor is it associated with more adverse events.