bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of developmental relationships with teachers on middle‐school students’ motivation and performance
Authors: Scales Peter C. , Van Boekel Martin , Pekel Kent , Syvertsen Amy K. , Roehlkepartain Eugene C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe examined how middle‐school students’ motivation, belonging, school climate, and grade point average (GPA) are affected by students experiencing developmental relationships—those that go beyond teachers being caring (e.g., showing warmth to students) and providing challenge (e.g., high expectations) to also include teachers providing support, sharing power, and expanding students’ sense of possibilities. We also examined variations in those associations by student socioeconomic status (SES). The study included 534 diverse Grades 6–8 students (51% female, 46% non‐White, 33% eligible for free and reduced price meals). Structural equation modeling and regressions showed that students with better developmental relationships with their teachers had better outcomes. Developmental relationships strongly predicted academic motivation at both the beginning and end of the school year, and also directly predicted students’ sense of belonging and school climate. Relationships indirectly predicted GPA, through motivation. Student–teacher relationship quality for low‐SES students was lower and declined more than for other students. The results both reflect current literature in showing the importance of strong student–teacher relationships, and extend it in showing the worsening relationships quality for low‐income students, and in suggesting that strengthening multiple facets of student–teacher developmental relationships may have important effects on motivation and achievement of middle‐school students.
Body image in older breast cancer survivors: A systematic review
Authors: Davis Caitlin , Tami Perrine , Ramsay Diane , Melanson Lydia , MacLean Leah , Nersesian Sarah , Ramjeesingh Ravi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveBreast cancer is the most common cancer among women world‐wide. In North America survival rates are >80%, resulting in a large population of survivors. The goal of this review was to systematically explore the literature to identify the status of body image and factors that can impact the body image of older breast cancer survivors.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019133617). EMBASE and PubMed were searched for articles including terms related to “body image” and “breast cancer.” Duplicates were removed and the remaining 322 abstracts were screened. Articles published before 2000, were off‐topic, or those that were non‐primary research articles were excluded. Sixty‐nine remaining full‐length articles were screened for language, gender and location. Seven articles underwent quality assessment of which five passed and were reviewed in depth. The remaining two articles were briefly discussed.ResultsThe literature review suggests that body image is considered important in older BCS and that body image may impact or be impacted by several factors including age, menopausal status, mental health, treatment modality and exercise. Additionally, themes of dealing with physical changes and the length of time women are impacted following treatment were explored.ConclusionOur findings highlight that older women may be at an advantage in terms of being post‐menopausal, however concerns surrounding physical and emotional changes affecting body image are indeed present. Future studies on breast cancer survivorship should consider the inclusion of body image as an outcome measure in addition to including individuals representing a wide range of ages.
The Performance of Red Flare Pyrotechnic Compositions Modified with Gas Generating Additives
Authors: Juknelevicius Dominykas , Alenfelt Per , Ramanavicius Arunas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, an effective, but still not well‐explored area of red flare pyrotechnic formulations was investigated. High magnesium content (40–60 % w.t.) and the presence of conventional gas generating materials were the specific features of formulations explored herein. Such illuminant compositions possessed a low burning rate and high specific luminous intensity. The investigated system was based on strontium nitrate, rounded magnesium powder, chlorinated rubber, binder and gas generating additives. Emission spectra, light intensity and burning time have been measured during the experiment and recalculated to the specific luminous intensity and color purity. Additives in the form of 2‐cyanoguanidine, Melamine, Azodicarbonamide, Calcium resinate, Shellac, Strontium oxalate, Lactose, Dextrin, Phenolic resin, Lignin sulfonate, 5‐aminotetrazole, Urea, Guanidinium nitrate (GN), Hexamine and Sulfur were evaluated in Mg‐rich flare compositions. The use of GN was studied more carefully as an exceptionally efficient additive that increased the flares light intensity by 60 %, in comparison to the standard GN‐free composition, while maintaining high color purity of 90–97 %.
The effect of flaxseed supplementation on circulating adiponectin and leptin concentration in adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jalili Cyrus , Pezeshki Mehran , Askarpour Moein , Marx Wolfgang , Hassani Bahar , Hadi Amir , Ghaedi Ehsan 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveOur objective was to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of flaxseed supplementation on serum adiponectin and leptin concentration.MethodsElectronic searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to May 2019 without any restriction. All RCTs that reported the effect of flaxseed supplementation on circulating adiponectin and leptin concentration were included. A random‐effects model was used to pool calculated effect sizes.ResultsNine RCTs (11 arms) were eligible to be included. Our analysis showed that flaxseed supplementation did not significantly affect adiponectin (weighted mean difference [WMD]: 0.15 μg/ml; 95% CI [−0.16, 0.47], p = .34) and leptin (WMD: 0.47 ng/ml; 95% CI [−3.10, 4.06], p = .79) concentration in comparison with control. Furthermore, subgroup analysis revealed that effects remained nonsignificant in all subgroups of trial duration, flaxseed type, and health status of participants. The pooled effect size was also robust and remained nonsignificant in the sensitivity analysis.ConclusionFlaxseed supplementation had no significant effect on adiponectin and leptin levels in adults. However, future well‐designed trials are still needed to confirm these results.
Nitrogen mineralization from organic materials and fertilizers: Predicting N release
Authors: Cassity‐Duffey Kate , Cabrera Miguel , Gaskin Julia , Franklin Dory , Kissel David , Saha Uttam 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOrganic growers use a wide range of organic fertilizers and materials to supply nutrients and meet plant demand of N. These products range from commercially processed animal and plant byproducts to composts and poultry litters. To better synchronize N release with plant demand, we investigated the rate and pool of potentially mineralizable N from 22 commercial, organic fertilizers; 15 poultry litters; and 11 composts. Fertilizers and organic materials were mixed with soil and inorganic N was measured over 99 days under optimal conditions (50% estimated water holding capacity and 30°C). Net N mineralized from the organic fertilizer or material was determined and fit to first‐order kinetics to determine the rate of mineralization (k) and the pool of mineralizable nitrogen (N0). Net N mineralized ranged from 25–93%, 10–55%, and 1–5% of the organic N applied for the fertilizers, poultry litters, and composts that mineralized, respectively. The pool of mineralizable N was accurately predicted from the initial total N of the materials, but no characteristics predicted the rate constant,k. Using a grouped approach based on product type and the percentage of N mineralized to determinek, we were able to predict net mineralized for fertilizers (R2 = 0.84) and poultry litters (R2 = 0.62).
Cesium‐Exchanged Lacunar Keggin Heteropolyacid Salts: Efficient Solid Catalysts for the Green Oxidation of Terpenic Alcohols with Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Batalha Daniel Carreira , Ferreira Sukarno Olavo , da Silva Rene Chagas , da Silva Márcio José 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, an innovative and green oxidative process to convert renewable and abundant raw material to more value‐added fine chemicals was developed. Hydrogen peroxide, an environmentally benign oxidant, was used in Cs–exchanged lacunar Keggin heteropolyacid salts‐catalyzed oxidation reactions of the terpenic alcohols (i. e., nerol was the model molecule). The activity of most outstanding catalyst (Cs8SiW11O39) was compared with various catalysts. Epoxides and aldehydes, which are an attractive feedstock for fragrance and pharmaceutical industries were selectively obtained. Lacunar Keggin heteropolyacid salts containing cesium as the counter ion (i. e., Cs7PW11O39, Cs7PMo11O39 and Cs8SiW11O39) were easily synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, powdered X‐rays diffraction, X‐rays dispersive spectroscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, thermal analysis, porosimetry analyses, diameter and pores distribution. The influences of the main reaction variables such as catalyst concentration, the stoichiometry of the reactants and reaction temperature were evaluated. The reaction scope was successfully extended to the other terpenic alcohols. The Cs8SiW11O39 was the most active and selective lacunar salt. After five cycles of successive reuse, no loss of catalytic activity or selectivity was observed.
A Rare Triterpenoidal Saponin Isolated and Identified fromTetraena simplex(L.) Beier &Thulin (Syn.Zygophyllum simplexL.)
Authors: Baky Mostafa H. , Gabr Nagwan M. , Shawky Enas M. , Elgindi Mohamed R. , Mekky Reham H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTetraena simplex(L.) Beier & Thulin (syn.Zygophyllum simplexL.) is an annual, succulent plant belonging to family Zygophyllaceae. The plant grows in harsh environmental conditions and it is traditionally used as an analgesic and anti‐inflammatory agent. This study aims to isolate and identify phytochemical constituents of then‐butanol fraction of its aerial parts that was repeatedly chromatographed on Diaion HP‐20 and silica gel columns to yield a rare triterpenoidal saponin, 3‐O‐[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl] quinovic acid‐28‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (1) along with three other known triterpenoidal compounds namely; 3‐O‐methoxy‐quinovic acid (2), quinovic acid (3), and 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐quinovic acid (4). Moreover, quercetin 3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnoside (5) was isolated from this fraction. Different spectroscopic techniques including one dimensional (1D) and two dimensional (2D) NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy allowed the unambiguous structure elucidation of the isolated compounds.
Ascorbyl‐6‐O‐oleate: A Bioconjugate Antioxidant Lipid
Authors: Perini Ilaria , Ambrosi Moira , Tanini Damiano , Ninham Barry W. , Capperucci Antonella , Nostro Pierandrea Lo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAscorbyl‐6‐O‐oleate (Asc‐OL) was synthesized enzimatically and studied in the pure state and in aqueous dispersions. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy experiments and antioxidant tests were conducted in order to characterize the compound and to evaluate its reducing properties. Asc‐OL is a bioconjugate molecule, in fact it combines the main physico‐chemical features of the two parent molecules, i. e. the redox and acidic properties of Vitamin C and the fluid‐like state of oleic acid. The appropriate tests were carried out to confirm the excellent radical scavenging activities of Asc‐OL, that turned out to be a promising candidate for the stabilization, transport and protection against radical attack of valuable hydrophobic active ingredients used in food and pharmaceutical formulations.
Metal‐Ceramic Composites for Photocatalytic Oxidation of Diclofenac in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Sherstoboeva Maria V. , Bavykina Anastasiya V. , Bolgaru Konstantin A. , Maksimov Yury M. , Sastre Francesc , Skvortsova Lidia N. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPhotocatalytic activity of metal‐ceramic composites synthesized by self‐propagating high‐temperature synthesis (SHS) is investigated in the processes of degradation of diclofenac (DCF). Optical properties of the composites were studied, and the band gaps of ceramic matrix semiconducting components were calculated from the absorbance spectra. The effect of the phase composition, UV irradiation duration, the nature and quantity of the activator (H2C2O4 and H2O2) on the degree of oxidation destruction was investigated. The best catalytic performance (98–99 % DCF degradation) was achieved with the combination of heterogeneous boron nitride and SiAlON based composites and a homogeneous photo‐Fenton system. However, DCF decomposition with a minimum number of intermediates was achieved using boron nitride‐based composites.
Phosphate and Water Sensing with a Zinc‐Dipicolylamine‐Based Charge‐Transfer Dye
Authors: Gayton Jacqueline , Autry Shane A. , Kolodziejczyk Wojciech , Hill Glake A. , Hammer Nathan I. , Delcamp Jared H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA D‐π‐A (donor‐π bridge‐acceptor) dye with a conjugated dipicolylamine group as the donor was synthesized and characterized. When zinc is bound to the dipicolylamine ligand, charge transfer strength from the donor is decreased resulting in a large blue‐shift in the absorption spectrum with a quenching of dye emission. Upon addition of phosphate, changes in both the absorption and emission spectrum are observed with intermediate states between the starting zinc complex and free dye observed. The zinc‐dye complex was found to react with two equivalents of phosphate or trace water to give the free dye. The water response is unexpected given the widespread use of the dipicolylamine group as an anion sensor in water. When the dipicolylamine group is part of conjugated D‐π‐A dye designs with zinc complexes, the dye is observed to act as a humidity sensor at low water amounts.
Construction of Defect‐Rich Ni‐Fe‐Doped K0.23MnO2 Cubic Nanoflowers via Etching Prussian Blue Analogue for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Liao Huanyun , Guo Xingzhong , Hou Yang , Liang Hao , Zhou Zheng , Yang Hui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDesigning elaborate nanostructures and engineering defects have been promising approaches to fabricate cost‐efficient electrocatalysts toward overall water splitting. In this work, a controllable Prussian‐blue‐analogue‐sacrificed strategy followed by an annealing process to harvest defect‐rich Ni‐Fe‐doped K0.23MnO2 cubic nanoflowers (Ni‐Fe‐K0.23MnO2 CNFs‐300) as highly active bifunctional catalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions (OER and HER) is reported. Benefiting from many merits, including unique morphology, abundant defects, and doping effect, Ni‐Fe‐K0.23MnO2 CNFs‐300 shows the best electrocatalytic performances among currently reported Mn oxide‐based electrocatalysts. This catalyst affords low overpotentials of 270 (320) mV at 10 (100) mA cm−2 for OER with a small Tafel slope of 42.3 mV dec−1, while requiring overpotentials of 116 and 243 mV to attain 10 and 100 mA cm−2 for HER respectively. Moreover, Ni‐Fe‐K0.23MnO2 CNFs‐300 applied to overall water splitting exhibits a low cell voltage of 1.62 V at 10 mA cm−2 and excellent durability, even superior to the Pt/C||IrO2 cell at large current density. Density functional theory calculations further confirm that doping Ni and Fe into the crystal lattice of δ‐MnO2 can not only reinforce the conductivity but also reduces the adsorption free‐energy barriers on the active sites during OER and HER.
Financing the circular economic model
Authors: Aboulamer Anas , Soufani Khaled , Esposito Mark 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCapitalism, as we know it, is the result of the industrial revolution, when resources were perceived as abundant and limitless. The population was much smaller and the environmental impact of the industrial activity was perceived as minimal. As the world population increased exponentially and more countries emerged from poverty to join the middle‐income rank, demand for products increased leading to a rapid industrialization with no concerns for its environmental and societal impact. Capitalism is also based on the idea of free markets that adjust automatically to new information about scarcity, demand, and processes of production to allocate resources in the most efficient way possible. However, free market implies that possibly unobservable factors are taken into consideration to lower the potential impact of negative externalities by imbedding them in the pricing process. Unfortunately, free markets failed in this task and the list of environmental disasters from the Gulf oil spill of BP, the tobacco health issue are good examples of the inability of the markets to gauge the impact of these negative externalities.
Cover Image, Volume 12, Issue 2
Authors: Wege Christina , Koch Claudia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe cover image is based on the Advanced Review From stars to stripes: RNA‐directed shaping of plant viral protein templates ‐ structural synthetic virology for smart biohybrid nanostructures, by Christina Wege and Claudia Koch. https://doi.org/10.1002/wnan.1591.
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Physiological functions of SPP/SPPL intramembrane proteases
Authors: Mentrup Torben , Cabrera-Cabrera Florencia , Fluhrer Regina , Schröder Bernd 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntramembrane proteolysis describes the cleavage of substrate proteins within their hydrophobic transmembrane segments. Several families of intramembrane proteases have been identified including the aspartyl proteases Signal peptide peptidase (SPP) and its homologues, the SPP-like (SPPL) proteases SPPL2a, SPPL2b, SPPL2c and SPPL3. As presenilin homologues, they employ a similar catalytic mechanism as the well-studied γ-secretase. However, SPP/SPPL proteases cleave transmembrane proteins with a type II topology. The characterisation of SPP/SPPL-deficient mouse models has highlighted a still growing spectrum of biological functions and also promoted the substrate discovery of these proteases. In this review, we will summarise the current hypotheses how phenotypes of these mouse models are linked to the molecular function of the enzymes. At the cellular level, SPP/SPPL-mediated cleavage events rather provide specific regulatory switches than unspecific bulk proteolysis. By this means, a plethora of different cell biological pathways is influenced including signal transduction, membrane trafficking and protein glycosylation.
Effective Mass of the Polaron—Revisited
Authors: Dybalski Wojciech , Spohn Herbert 
Published: February 2020

AbstractProperties of the energy–momentum relation for the Fröhlich polaron are of continuing interest, especially for large values of the coupling constant. By combining spectral theory with the available results on the central limit theorem for the polaron path measure, we prove that, except for an intermediate range of couplings, the inverse effective mass is strictly positive and coincides with the diffusion constant. Such a result is established also for polaron-type models with a suitable ultraviolet cut-off and for arbitrary values of the coupling constant. We point out a slightly stronger variant of the central limit theorem which would imply that the energy–momentum relation has auniqueglobal minimum attained at zero momentum.
Flowering patterns change along elevational gradients and relate to life-history strategies in 29 herbaceous species
Authors: Bucher Solveig Franziska , Römermann Christine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPatterns of flowering phenology, i.e. first and last flowering day (FFD and LFD) and flowering duration (FD) govern plant pollination and reproduction. Most research has focused on FFD whereas LFD, FD and second flowering events were neglected although they are crucial events. To assess whether flowering patterns change species-specifically with changing abiotic conditions and whether these are related to leaf persistence, reproduction and pollination syndrome, we monitored flowering phenology (including also second flowering events) of 29 herbaceous species along two elevational gradients ranging from 700 to 1800 m a.s.l. in two consecutive years. FFD was delayed with increasing elevation. LFD followed two alternative strategies: species which ceased flowering early in the season delayed LFD with increasing elevation, species which ceased flowering late did not change LFD. FD decreased with increasing elevation in most species. The timing of flowering phenology had strong influences on the intensity of change along the elevational gradient and other stages of flowering phenology. Many species showed a second flowering event which occurred irrespective of elevation, suggesting a link to unsuccessful pollination rather than temperature. Life history strategies helped explain patterns of flowering phenology and a species’ ability to track changes in abiotic conditions, e.g. evergreen species started to flower earlier than summer green species and insect-pollinated species were able to expand FD most. These findings give insight into species-specific changes in phenological patterns and thus plant performance with changing environment. They should be considered when assessing the consequences of environmental change at both the community and ecosystem level.
Idiopathische Chondrolyse beider Hüftgelenke – Fallbericht bei einer adoleszenten Patientin
Authors: Schumann Eckehard , Kübler Fabian Bastian , Roth Christian , Heyde Christoph‑E. , Roth Andreas 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungAm Fallbeispiel eines 12-jährigen Mädchens wird die Diagnose und Therapie einer idiopathischen Chondrolyse der Hüftgelenke beschrieben. Die Patientin stellte sich mit intermittierenden Schmerzen und hochgradigen Funktionsstörungen beider Hüften vor. Nach klinischer Untersuchung und Beckenübersichtsröntgenaufnahme zeigte die MRT die typischen Veränderungen einer idiopathischen Chondrolyse. Die rein konservative Therapie mit einer konsequenten physiotherapeutischen Behandlung und regelmäßigen Einnahme eines nichtsteroidalen Antirheumatikums hat ein gutes klinisches Ergebnis erbracht.
Geometry of holomorphic mappings and Hölder continuity of the pluricomplex Green function
Authors: Pierzchała Rafał 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe provide a solution to a long-standing open problem that lives in the interface of pluripotential theory and multivariate approximation theory. The problem is to characterize the holomorphic maps which preserve Hölder continuity of the pluricomplex Green function associated with a compact subset of$${\mathbb {C}}^N$$CN. We also prove, under mild restrictions, that nondegenerate holomorphic maps preserve Markov’s inequality for polynomials.
A filtered Boris algorithm for charged-particle dynamics in a strong magnetic field
Authors: Hairer Ernst , Lubich Christian , Wang Bin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA modification of the standard Boris algorithm, called filtered Boris algorithm, is proposed for the numerical integration of the equations of motion of charged particles in a strong non-uniform magnetic field in the asymptotic scaling known as maximal ordering. With an appropriate choice of filters, second-order error bounds in the position and in the parallel velocity, and first-order error bounds in the normal velocity are obtained with respect to the scaling parameter. This also yields a second-order approximation to the guiding center motion. The proof compares the modulated Fourier expansions of the exact and the numerical solutions. Numerical experiments illustrate the error behaviour of the filtered Boris algorithm.