bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Spatial Designs Outperform Classic Experimental Designs?
Authors: Hoefler Raegan , González-Barrios Pablo , Bhatta Madhav , Nunes Jose A. R. , Berro Ines , Nalin Rafael S. , Borges Alejandra , Covarrubias Eduardo , Diaz-Garcia Luis , Quincke Martin , Gutierrez Lucia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractControlling spatial variation in agricultural field trials is the most important step to compare treatments efficiently and accurately. Spatial variability can be controlled at the experimental design level with the assignment of treatments to experimental units and at the modeling level with the use of spatial corrections and other modeling strategies. The goal of this study was to compare the efficiency of methods used to control spatial variation in a wide range of scenarios using a simulation approach based on real wheat data. Specifically, classic and spatial experimental designs with and without a two-dimensional autoregressive spatial correction were evaluated in scenarios that include differing experimental unit sizes, experiment sizes, relationships among genotypes, genotype by environment interaction levels, and trait heritabilities. Fully replicated designs outperformed partially and unreplicated designs in terms of accuracy; the alpha-lattice incomplete block design was best in all scenarios of the medium-sized experiments. However, in terms of response to selection, partially replicated experiments that evaluate large population sizes were superior in most scenarios. The AR1 $$\times $$× AR1 spatial correction had little benefit in most scenarios except for the medium-sized experiments with the largest experimental unit size and low GE. Overall, the results from this study provide a guide to researchers designing and analyzing large field experiments.Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear online.
Methods for anaerobic digestion model fitting—comparison between heuristic and automatic approach
Authors: Postawa Karol , Szczygieł Jerzy , Kułażyński Marek 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe article demonstrates if automatic optimization can be better than manual adjustment. The subject of optimization was the temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) model. A selection of 3 parameters per each reactor in the process chain was appointed—reaction rate for propionate conversion, acetate conversion, and hydrolysis. Overall, both methods provided very convergent results. However, the total summary error (TSE) for the automatic algorithm was always moderately lower than for manual—the difference varied between 16.16 and 57.05 percentage points. Although the manual method has significant advantages—adjustment was more homogenous and gave more uniform fitting. Finally, cross-validation was performed to unify the values between the experimental series. The result was a total number of 4 values for each optimized constant—for two temperature points in each of two methods. Due to inconclusive information about the accuracy, averaged values were calculated to use in further researches. The recommendation from this article is to connect the best aspect of both methods to achieve the most accurate results.
Co-expression analysis of pancreatic cancer proteome reveals biology and prognostic biomarkers
Authors: Mantini G. , Vallés A. M. , Le Large T. Y. S. , Capula M. , Funel N. , Pham T. V. , Piersma S. R. , Kazemier G. , Bijlsma M. F. , Giovannetti E. , Jimenez C. R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Despite extensive biological and clinical studies, including comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic profiling efforts, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a devastating disease, with a poor survival and limited therapeutic options. The goal of this study was to assess co-expressed PDAC proteins and their associations with biological pathways and clinical parameters.

Methods
Correlation network analysis is emerging as a powerful approach to infer tumor biology from omics data and to prioritize candidate genes as biomarkers or drug targets. In this study, we applied a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to the proteome of 20 surgically resected PDAC specimens (PXD015744) and confirmed its clinical value in 82 independent primary cases.

Results
Using WGCNA, we obtained twelve co-expressed clusters with a distinct biology. Notably, we found that one module enriched for metabolic processes and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) was significantly associated with overall survival (p = 0.01) and disease-free survival (p = 0.03). The prognostic value of three proteins (SPTBN1, KHSRP and PYGL) belonging to this module was confirmed using immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 82 independent resected patients. Risk score evaluation of the prognostic signature confirmed its association with overall survival in multivariate analyses. Finally, immunofluorescence analysis confirmed co-expression of SPTBN1 and KHSRP in Hs766t PDAC cells.

Conclusions
Our WGCNA analysis revealed a PDAC module enriched for metabolic and EMT-associated processes. In addition, we found that three of the proteins involved were associated with PDAC survival.
Brazil’s Missing Infants: Zika Risk Changes Reproductive Behavior
Authors: Rangel Marcos A. , Nobles Jenna , Hamoudi Amar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Zika virus epidemics have potential large-scale population effects. Controlled studies of mice and nonhuman primates indicate that Zika affects fecundity, raising concerns about miscarriage in human populations. In regions of Brazil, Zika risk peaked months before residents learned about the epidemic and its relation to congenital anomalies. This spatiotemporal variation supports analysis of both biological effects of Zika infection on fertility and the effects of learning about Zika risk on reproductive behavior. Causal inference techniques used with vital statistics indicate that the epidemic caused reductions in birth cohort size of approximately one-quarter 18 months after Zika infection risk peaked but 10 months after public health messages advocated childbearing delay. The evidence is consistent with small but not statistically detectable biological reductions in fecundity, as well as large strategic changes in reproductive behavior to temporally align childbearing with reduced risk to infant health. The behavioral effects are larger for more-educated and older women, which may reflect facilitated access to information and to family planning services within high-risk, mosquito-infested urban locations as well as perceptions about the opportunity costs of risks to pregnancy and infant survival.
Aspergillus fumigatus cholangitis in a patient with cholangiocarcinoma: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Rothe Kathrin , Rasch Sebastian , Wantia Nina , Poszler Alexander , Ulrich Joerg , Schlag Christoph , Huber Wolfgang , Schmid Roland M. , Busch Dirk H. , Lahmer Tobias 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAspergillus spp. cholangitis is an uncommon presentation of invasive aspergillosis. Only few cases are described in the literature affecting severely immunocompromised patients or patients following biliary surgery. Especially, invasive aspergillosis in non-haematological patients is associated with high mortality rates, caused by atypical presentations, which is associated with a delay in diagnosis and therapy. We report a 72-year-old man with primary diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma and stent implantation by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for biliary decompression who developed severe cholangitis with invasive aspergillosis. The patient had no history of prior hospitalisation, no immunosuppressive therapy and no preceding biliary surgery. Furthermore, in this exceptional case of extrapulmonary aspergillosis, there were no signs of pulmonary involvement. From the literature review, only three cases of Aspergillus cholangitis could be identified. Clinical manifestations of invasive aspergillosis can be variable and classical risk factors such as immunosuppression are not mandatorily present. Clinical awareness of these rare cases is of vital importance for initiation of correct therapy.
The interaction between sleep disturbances and anxiety sensitivity in relation to adolescent anger responses to parent adolescent conflict☆
Authors: Bilsky Sarah A. , Friedman Hannah P. , Karlovich Ashley , Smith Madeleine , Leen‐Feldner Ellen W. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionSleep disturbances are common among adolescents and are associated with elevated anxiety, and difficulties managing affect. Familial conflict is associated with both anxiety sensitivity and adolescent sleep disturbances. No work to date has examined how adolescent sleep disturbances may interact with anxiety sensitivity in relation to adolescent affective responding to parent‐adolescent conflict. The current study was designed to address this gap in the literature by examining how adolescent sleep disturbances, anxiety sensitivity, conflict elicited anger, and conflict avoidance are associated.MethodSeventy‐two American adolescents (n = 39 males) between the ages of 12 and 16 years (Mage = 13.84, SD = 1.38) completed a baseline assessment as well as a well‐validated mother‐adolescent laboratory‐based conflict task.ResultsFor youth low in anxiety sensitivity, greater sleep disturbance related positively to conflict‐elicited anger, which in turn predicted higher conflict avoidance. In contrast, this indirect effect was not significant for adolescents relatively higher in anxiety sensitivity. Instead, for these adolescents, increased sleep disturbances were associated with lower levels of conflict elicited anger.ConclusionsResults suggest that the effects of sleep disturbances on conflict elicited anger may vary as a function of adolescent anxiety vulnerability. These findings highlight the importance of considering the unique effects of sleep disturbances on adolescent affect as a function of adolescent anxiety vulnerability.
Preventive strategies of residual neuromuscular blockade in resource-limited settings: Systematic review and guideline
Authors: Firde Meseret , Yetneberk Tikuneh , Adem Seid , Fitiwi Girmay , Belayneh Tadesse 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Following surgery, neuromuscular paralysis is no longer needed, its action could be quickly and effectively terminated. However, evidences shown that NMBAs often continues in the PACU, even after the administration of acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Hence, stratifying risks of patients and developing evidence-based guidelines are required by rationalizing residual neuromuscular block preventive strategies in resource limiting setup.

Methods:
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses protocol was used to conduct this review. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library data bases were used to find evidences that helps to draw recommendations and conclusions.

Discussion:
The incidence of residual neuromuscular block is high in aged, female, and hypothermic patients. Full recovery of neuromuscular block may require 15–30 min after administration of anticholinesterase.

Conclusions:
Undetected neuromuscular block following the administration of NMBAs is still a common problem in today's anesthesia care. A residual neuromuscular block is a preventable anesthetic complication by application of simple measures like the timing of reversal, appropriate assessment of patient and surgery specific usage of NMBAs.

Highlights:
Meeting Sexual Partners Online and Associations with Sexual Risk Behaviors in the Swedish Population
Authors: Deogan Charlotte , Jacobsson Elin , Mannheimer Louise , Björkenstam Charlotte 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Online arenas may facilitate sexual encounters. However, to what extent finding sexual partners online is associated with sexual risk behavior and sexual health outcomes is still not fully explored.

Methods
A stratified randomized population based study on sexual and reproductive health and rights of 50,000 Swedes was conducted in 2017. The final sample consisted of 14,537 women and men aged 16–84 years. We identified sexual health factors associated with finding sexual partners online and estimated prevalences thereof.

Results
Having used the internet to meet sexual partners was reported by 11% (95% confidence interval: 10.1–12.3) of men and 7% (95% confidence interval: 6.0–7.4) of women and was most common among men aged 30–44 years (13.7%). After adjustment, those reporting a non-heterosexual identity were most likely to meet sexual partners online. Meeting sexual partners online was also associated with reporting several sexual risk behaviors: condomless sex with temporary partner during the past 12 months, adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 5.1 (3.8–6.8) for women and AOR: 6.0 (4.5–7.9) for men, and having had a test for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) generated a 4-fold AOR for both sexes, STI diagnosis showed a 2-fold AOR, ever having paid or given other compensation for sex AOR: 4.8 (2.7–8.8) for women and AOR: 4.2 (2.9–6.1) for men as well as ever having received money or other compensation for sex AOR: 4.0 (1.3–11.9) for women and AOR: 6.0 (2.4–15.1) for men.

Clinical translation
Meeting sexual partners online was associated with sexual risk behaviors, which is of importance in tailoring sexual health interventions and STI/HIV-control activities.

Strengths and limitations
Few studies of online sexual behaviors are based on population-based surveys of the general population with results stratified by sexual identity. However, the use of lifetime prevalence of ever having used the internet, smartphone, or app to meet sexual partners has limitations.

Conclusion
Meeting sexual partners online was associated with sexual risk behaviors in a randomized sample of the Swedish population, which is of importance to tailoring sexual health interventions.
With or Without EU? The Common Travel Area After Brexit
Authors: de Mars Sylvia , Murray C. R. G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) concluded between the UK and Ireland in May 2019 provides one of the few clear legacies of Theresa May’s premiership. The Common Travel Area (CTA) between Ireland, the UK, the Channel Islands, and the Isle of Man provides the basis for domestic immigration and nationality laws which permit Irish citizens to reside in the UK and for them to be treated as “not foreign” in the context of UK domestic laws concerning access to healthcare, employment, social security, political participation, and education. Yet it has long lacked legal definition. The UK and Ireland reciprocate, to a rough extent, these rights for each other’s citizens. The MoU and related developments mark the first steps towards clarifying the CTA’s scope. The rush to conclude this MoU and alter parts of both countries’ domestic law relating to the CTA nonetheless illustrate the fragile state of Ireland–UK relations with Brexit looming. This Article explores whether these reforms will enable people who rely upon the CTA as a foundation of life outside their home country to protect their interests through litigation, and reflects upon the relationship between these arrangements and the protections for EU citizens proposed under the UK–EU Withdrawal Agreement.
Field Measurement of Spatiotemporal Algae Distribution Using In Situ Optical Particle Size Sensor
Authors: Kwak Sunghyun , Lyu Siwan , Kim Young Do , Kim Dongsu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMany environmental problems have arisen due to algae since the large‐scale river projects were implemented in Korea. Therefore, it is imperative to monitor algal distribution status in order to find a solution to these problems. Sporadic sampling and population estimation by microscopy are traditional algae monitoring methods. However, these techniques yield spatiotemporally limited information. In order to overcome these weaknesses, the present study aimed to investigate the applicability of a new monitoring technique using an in situ optical particle sizer (LISST‐100X) for algal size and distribution estimation. The survey site was the mountain range where the Nakdong River and Nam River converge. The number of algal populations and dominant species were identified, and suspended particle concentrations and distribution were surveyed based on hydraulic characteristics, water quality, and water sampling. Field monitoring data were also collected using a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in order to assess the applicability of the algal distribution estimation method using an in situ optical particle sizer for natural streams. At the time of the algae outbreak, relatively large‐sized suspended particles are distributed throughout the surface layer, which is distinguished from the similar distribution in the general water bodies. Because of these characteristics, it was possible to investigate vertical and spatial algae distribution. Additionally, the mixing pattern was analyzed according to pulsed flow in order to estimate the applicability of monitoring algal bloom removal according to discharge.
Slab Dehydration and Mantle Upwelling in the Vicinity of the Sumatra Subduction Zone: Evidence from Receiver Function Imaging of Mantle Transition Zone Discontinuities
Authors: Kong Fansheng , Gao Stephen S. , Liu Kelly H. , Ding Weiwei , Li Jiabiao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA total of 10,586 P‐to‐S radial receiver functions recorded by 64 broadband seismic stations were utilized to image the 410 and 660 km discontinuities (d410 and d660, respectively) bordering the mantle transition zone (MTZ) beneath the Sumatra Island, the Malay Peninsula, and the western margin of the South China Sea. The d410 and d660 were imaged by stacking receiver functions in successive circular bins with a radius of 1°, after moveout corrections based on the 1‐D IASP91 Earth model. The resulting apparent depths of the discontinuities exhibit significant and spatially systematic variations. The apparent depths of the d410 and d660 range from 382 to 459 km and 637 to 700 km with an average of 406 ± 13 and 670 ± 12 km, respectively, while the corresponding values for the MTZ thickness are 217 to 295 km and 261 ± 13 km. Underneath southern Sumatra and adjacent regions, the MTZ is characterized by an uplifted d410 and a depressed d660. While the former is probably caused by the low temperature anomaly, the latter is most likely related to a combination of the low temperature anomaly and dehydration associated with the subducted Australian Plate that has reached at least the d660. In contrast, an abnormally thin MTZ is imaged to the southwest of the Toba Caldera. This observation, when combined with results from previous seismic tomography studies, can be explained by advective thermal upwelling through a slab window.
Toward Source Region Tomography With Intersource Interferometry: Shear Wave Velocity From 2018 West Bohemia Swarm Earthquakes
Authors: Eulenfeld Tom 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe concept of seismic interferometry embraces the construction of waves traveling between receivers or sources with cross‐correlation techniques. In the present study cross correlations of coda waves are used to measure traveltimes of shear waves between earthquake locations for five event clusters of the 2018 West Bohemia earthquake swarm. With the help of a high‐quality earthquake catalog, I was able to determine the shear wave velocity in the region of the five clusters separately. The shear wave velocities range between 3.5 and 4.2 km/s. The resolution of this novel method is given by the extent of the clusters and better than for a comparable classical tomography. It is suggested to use the method in a tomographic inversion and map the shear wave velocity in the source region with unprecedented resolution. Furthermore, the influence of focal mechanisms and the attenuation properties on the polarity and location of the maxima in the cross‐correlation functions is discussed. The intracluster ratio of P wave to S wave velocity is approximately fixed at 1.68.
Small Impact Crater Populations on Saturn's Moon Tethys and Implications for Source Impactors in the System
Authors: Ferguson S. N. , Rhoden A. R. , Kirchoff M. R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCurrent estimates place the ages of the inner Saturnian satellites (Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, and Rhea) between 4.5 Gyr and 100 Myr. These estimates are based on impact crater measurements and dynamical simulations, both of which have uncertainties. Models of satellite evolution are inherently simplified and rely on uncertain or unknown parameters, which are often difficult to verify, whereas the interpretations of crater densities depend on the source populations of impactors, which are not well‐constrained in the outer solar system. We investigate the cratering history of Tethys, mapping the population of small impact craters, to determine the roles that planetocentric, heliocentric, or other impact debris play in its cratering record. To map the surface of Tethys, we chose five regions that were located in geographically distinct areas and had high‐resolution (~150 m/pix) image coverage by the Cassini ISS camera. We studied all craters that had at least 7 pixels across but mapped down to 5 pixels for completeness in the crater counts. We observe an abundance of small craters (D < 3 km) in the oldest region; this does not appear to be due to secondary cratering effects from the Odysseus impact basin. Fitting the production functions from Zahnle et al. (2003, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0019‐1035(03)00048‐4), we find that neither their Case A nor Case B scenarios align with the observed cratering record at Tethys. We conclude that in addition to the standard outer solar system impactor populations, there is a Saturn‐centric impactor source that is cratering Tethys.
Managed Versus Natural Recharge of Pre‐Alpine Phreatic Aquifers
Authors: Teatini Pietro , Martelli Grazia , Comerlati Andrea , Paiero Giovanni , Zoccarato Claudia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractManaged aquifer recharge (MAR) is becoming a common practice worldwide. MAR is carried out in different environments from coastlands to highlands, in megalopolis, farmlands and pristine areas, and in arid and humid regions. Pre‐Alpine aquifers represent an optimal target when MAR is aimed at storing large amounts of high‐quality waters. In fact, pre‐Alpine aquifers are generally characterized by high permeability and a thick unsaturated zone, with the catchments crossed by watercourses rich of high‐quality water. Here, we focus the attention to a representative pre‐Alpine aquifer system located in the Friuli region, northeastern Italy. A 1‐year long MAR test was carried out through a ~700 m2 infiltration basin recharged by water diverted from a nearby channel. The site was characterized from the hydrogeological viewpoint, and the MAR test was monitored through time‐lapse hydrogeophysics, water level and piezometric records, and physicochemical water characterization. The data set was used to calibrate a local groundwater flow model, showing that MAR recharged the 50 m deep phreatic aquifer with 1,000 m3/day. Hydrogeologic data made available by previous studies were processed to develop a groundwater model of the regional aquifer that allowed for estimating the natural groundwater recharge of the phreatic system and, subsequently, evaluating the MAR effects in the context of the natural balance. If a single MAR site, like the tested one, plays a certain effect at a local scale only, the MAR implementation on several gravel pits and large‐diameter wells scattered in the region could store several million cubic meters of water per year, significantly raising the water table and improving the groundwater quality.