bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal Dynamics of the Neural Representation of Social Relationships
Authors: Dziura Sarah L. , Thompson James C. 
Published: October 2020

Humans can rapidly encode information from faces to support social judgments and facilitate interactions with others. We can also recall complex knowledge about those individuals, such as their social relationships with others, but the time course of this process has not been examined in detail. This study addressed the temporal dynamics of emerging visual and social relationship information using EEG and representational similarity analysis. Participants (female = 23, male = 10) became familiar with a 10-person social network, and were then shown faces of that network's members while EEG was recorded. To examine the temporal dynamics of the cognitive processes related to face perception, we compared the similarity structure of neural pattern responses to models of visual processing, face shape similarity, person identity, and social relationships. We found that all types of information are associated with neural patterns after a face is seen. Visual models became significant early after image onset, and identity across a change in facial expression was uniquely associated with neural patterns at several points throughout the time course. Additionally, a model reflecting perceived frequency of social interaction was present beginning at ∼110 ms, even in the absence of an explicit task to think about the relationships among the network members. This study highlights the speed and salience of social information relating to group dynamics that are present in the brain during person perception.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe live our lives in social groups where complex relationships form among and around us. It is likely that some of the information about social relationships that we observe is integral during person perception, to better help us interact in differing situations with a variety of people. However, when exactly this information becomes relevant has been unclear. In this study, we present evidence that information reflecting observed relationships among a social network is spontaneously represented in whole-brain patterns shortly following presentation of a face. These results are consistent with neuroimaging studies showing spontaneous spatial representation of social network characteristics, and contribute novel insights into the timing of these neural processes.
MLLT6 maintains PD‐L1 expression and mediates tumor immune resistance
Authors: Sreevalsan Sandeep , Döring Marietta , Paszkowski‐Rogacz Maciej , Brux Melanie , Blanck Carolina , Meyer Marten , Momburg Frank , Buchholz Frank , Theis Mirko 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTumor cells subvert immune surveillance by harnessing signals from immune checkpoints to acquire immune resistance. The protein PD‐L1 is an important component in this process, and inhibition of PD‐L1 elicits durable anti‐tumor responses in a broad spectrum of cancers. However, immune checkpoint inhibition that target known pathways is not universally effective. A better understanding of the genetic repertoire underlying these processes is necessary to expand our knowledge in tumor immunity and to facilitate identification of alternative targets. Here, we present a CRISPR/Cas9 screen in human cancer cells to identify genes that confer tumors with the ability to evade the cytotoxic effects of the immune system. We show that the transcriptional regulator MLLT6 (AF17) is required for efficient PD‐L1 protein expression and cell surface presentation in cancer cells. MLLT6 depletion alleviates suppression of CD8+ cytotoxic T cell‐mediated cytolysis. Furthermore, cancer cells lacking MLLT6 exhibit impaired STAT1 signaling and are insensitive to interferon‐γ‐induced stimulation of IDO1, GBP5, CD74, and MHC class II genes. Collectively, our findings establish MLLT6 as a regulator of oncogenic and interferon‐γ‐associated immune resistance.
Cannabis alleviates neuropathic pain and reverses weight loss in diabetic neuropathic cachexia in a previous heroin abuser
Authors: Naccache Deeb Daoud 
Published: October 2020

Summary
Ten years after the successful withdrawal from heroin abuse, a person with diabetes suffered intractable pain and severe muscular emaciation consistent with the syndrome of diabetic neuropathic cachexia. Anti-neuropathic medications failed neither to alleviate suffering and reverse weight loss, nor to stop muscular emaciation. Vigilant evaluation for weight loss aetiologies revealed no responsible aetiology. Prescribing medical cannabis became mandatory, with the intention to alleviate neuropathic pain, regain muscular mass and strengthen legs, enable standing upright and walking normally. Medical cannabis for pain-relief, and the orexigenic properties of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) ingredient successfully achieved these goals.

Learning points:

Medical cannabis can serve to promptly alleviate severe diabetic neuropathic pain.

Past history of heroin abuse was not an absolute contraindication to medical cannabis use.

Medical cannabis increased appetite and reversed muscular emaciation.

Medical cannabis decreased chronic pain and hence, its catabolic consequences.
Responsabilidad social corporativa en las entidades financieras españolas
Authors: Becerra Vicario Rafael , León Gómez Ana 
Published: October 2020

Esta investigación tiene por objetivo analizar las prácticas responsables desarrolladas por entidades financieras, referidas a la responsabilidad social corporativa (rsc), y determinar si el grado de intensidad en la ejecución de esas políticas responsables está relacionado con el tamaño o la solvencia de estas.
Desde un enfoque positivista, a través de los principales estándares de medición de la rsc, se realizó la validación de algunas hipótesis basadas en un análisis previo de carácter empírico. Se utilizó una muestra de entidades financieras, para comprender cuál es el grado de compromiso de las grandes empresas financieras con sus stakeholders, con el medioambiente y con la sociedad en general.
Resident Experience Associated with Lung Biopsy Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study of Diagnostic Radiology Residents. Does the Level of Training Matter?
Authors: Schmanke Ken , Zackula Rosalee , Unruh Zachary , Burdiek Wesley , Trent Jesse , Ali Kamran 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Efficient execution of image-guided percutaneous biopsy is a procedural competency milestone in radiology training. Despite the importance of achieving such mastery, literature on successful execution by residents is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate resident performance as measured by nondiagnostic biopsy and major complication percentages, on CT-guided transthoracic core needle biopsies (TTNB) of lung and mediastinal lesions.
Methods. A 12-year retrospective cohort study was conducted using charts from an academic hospital, 2006 - 2018, to evaluate TTNBs. Inclusion criteria were ≥ 18 years of age and ≥ 1 follow-up CT scan and chest x-ray. Bivariable associations by outcome(s) were evaluated.
Results. Of 1,191 biopsies conducted, case distribution was 41%, 26%, 18%, and 15% for postgraduate years (PGY) 2 - 5, respectively. Results from biopsies were 139 (11.7%) nondiagnostic, 218 (18.3%) benign, and 834 (70.0%) malignant cases. Resident year by nondiagnostic outcome was not significant; p = 0.430. There were 148 major complications. Complication rate by PGY 2 - 5 was 13.0%, 13.3%, 12.9%, and 9.2%, respectively; differences were not significant, p = 0.488. Of the 139 nondiagnostic cases, 42 were re-biopsied during the study period with 81% re-classified as malignant; no repeat biopsy was observed for the remaining 97 nondiagnostic cases.Conclusion. Of 1,191 lung/mediastinal biopsies analyzed, nearly 12% were nondiagnostic and over 12% had major complications; neither associated with resident level of experience. Outcomes were not affected significantly by level of training. Residency programs may benefit from affording opportunities for newer PGY classes to participate in procedures. Nondiagnostic cases may benefit from timely, repeat biopsies.
PENGARUH TEKNIK BOLA PERSALINAN (Birthing Ball) TERHADAP PENURUNAN BAGIAN BAWAH JANIN PADA IBU PRIMIGRAVIDA INPARTU KALA I FASE AKTIF DI PMB IKE SRI KEC. BULULAWANG KAB. MALANG
Authors: Purwati Anik 
Published: October 2020

Birthing ball adalah terapi fisik atau latihan sederhana yang menggunakan bola. Kata birth ball dapat diartikan ketika latihan dengan menggunakan bola diterapkan untuk ibu hamil, ibu melahirkan dan ibu pasca melahirkan (Aprilia, 2011). Manfaat dari pemakaian birthing ball ini adalah meningkatkan aliran darah ke rahim, plasenta dan bayi, meredakan tekanan dan dapat memberikan rasa nyaman untuk lutut dan pergelangan kaki, memberikan kontra-tekanan pada perineum dan paha tegak. Postur ini bekerja dengan gravitasi yang akan mendorong turunnya bayi ke dalam dasar panggul sehingga mempercepat proses persalinan. Selain itu, menggunakan birthingball dapat membantu menyeleraskan bayi selama kehamilan dan persalinan menyeimbangkan tubuh pada bola untuk membantu memperkuat punggung, juga membantu menyelaraskan bayi dalam persiapan untuk kelahiran.
Reliability and Validity Testing of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form to Predict Nurses' Job Satisfaction
Authors: Al Hosani Mohamed , Lanteri Alessandro , Davidson Ross 
Published: October 2020

Background and PurposeAssessing factors related to nurses' job satisfaction may help to address nursing shortages and high turnover rates. Job satisfaction is complicated and may be related to several issues, including trait emotional intelligence. This study examined the reliability and validity of the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF) in a sample of nurses working in the United Arab Emirates, and tested its ability to predict job satisfaction.MethodsThe TEIQue-SF was tested against its original long form and as a predictor of the Nurse Satisfaction Scale.ResultsThe TEIQue-SF showed acceptable reliability at factor and global levels and a medium positive correlation with job satisfaction.ConclusionThe TEIQue-SF showed acceptable validity and reliability.
Assessing Older Adult Wellness: An Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Lifestyle Survey
Authors: Strout Kelley , Crittenden Jennifer , O'Brien Liam M. , Howard Elizabeth P. 
Published: October 2020

Background and purposeTo measure wellness interventions, researchers need valid and reliable tools to measure the concept of wellness. The purpose of this study is to examine the validity and reliability of the Lifestyle Survey instrument.MethodsCommunity-dwelling older adults were recruited and asked to evaluate the reliability by engaging in a test retest reliability. Observer agreement was measured by calculating a kappa score for each item. Content validity was evaluated with a focus group session.Results(n = 56) older adults completed the survey on time one and time two. Of 115 items, 77.39% demonstrated moderate or higher kappa agreement. Focus group respondents identified rewording a few items.ConclusionWith refinement, the Lifestyle Survey is a valid and reliable measure of wellness among community-dwelling older adults.
Assessing land cover change in Namibia's Kavango East region: a multi-date object approach
Authors: MUHOKO Edward , De WASSEIGE Carlos , DE CAUWER Vera 
Published: October 2020

Land cover change is a global issue but its effects can be particularly severe in developing countries such as Namibia, by affecting the ecological functions of ecosystems and hence the sustainability of its development. Namibia’s arid conditions, due to low rainfall and high evapotranspiration rates, coupled with annual savannah fires, have resulted in a heterogenous landscape composed of a mixture of trees, shrubs and herbaceous plants. As a result, land cover maps are often inaccurate at the pixel level. Despite their relatively high accuracy, object-based image analyses are yet to be exhaustively applied to the dry tropical forests of Southern Africa. The purpose of this study was to apply a multi-date object-based approach to land cover change, in order to determine its extent and dynamics in the heterogenous landscape of Kavango East, one of the regions with the highest forest cover in Namibia. Multi-date segmentation, mean band values and image differentiation were used to detect land cover changes in four periods (1990, 2000, 2009 and 2016). The most common land conversion for all the periods was from forest to cropland. In 1990, forests covered 58% of the land but by 2016, this had dropped to 55%. Meanwhile, cropland covered 3% of the study area in 1990 and had doubled to 6% by 2016. The novel approach used in this study has produced promising results compared to traditional methods, which are prone to errors in detecting post-classification changes. The method can therefore be recommended for long term monitoring of land cover and land use change in areas with similar environmental and biophysical conditions.
Caractérisation phénotypique des plantules de quatre populations de Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. au Burkina Faso
Authors: DIALLO Fatimata Anna , SANDWIDI Abdoulazize , DAO Madjelia Ebou Cangré , BATIONO-KANDO Pauline , DIALLO Boukary Ousmane 
Published: October 2020

Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. est un fruitier oléagineux d’Afrique. Les fortes mortalités après plantation sont dues à l’affectation inappropriée des plants dans les zones écologiques. La caractérisation phénotypique des plantules a pour objectif de déterminer dès le jeune âge des caractères d’adaptation aux conditions écologiques. L’étude porte sur 494 plantules originaires des populations de You, Yarci, Gonsé et Diapangou-Peulh au Burkina Faso. Celles-ci appartiennent à quatre localités circonscrites dans trois zones climatiques. Les résultats montrent que la levée groupée assure la présence de générations chevauchantes à l’intérieur des populations. L’analyse de variance qui fait apparaître des différences intra- et inter-population sur la majorité des variables traduit la diversité phénotypique des plantules. L’analyse en composantes principales montre des caractéristiques spécifiques à chaque population. Le dendrogramme de la classification ascendante hiérarchisée permet d’identifier trois groupes : G1 : Gonsé (55,88 %), Yarci (23,52 %) et You (20,58 %) ; G2 : You (46,15 %), Yarci (42,30 %), Diapangou-Peulh (7,69 %) et Gonsé (3,84 %) ; G3 : Diapangou-Peulh (90 %), Yarci (5 %) et You (5 %). Ces trois groupes traduisent le rapprochement phénotypique entre individus. Ces résultats mettent en évidence l’existence des gains génétiques pour la sélection individuelle et populationnelle. Ils montrent également que ces populations ne sont pas menacées d’impasse évolutive à court terme. L’étude des héritabilités indique que les caractères les plus héritables sont la hauteur de la tige (28,31 %), la longueur de la racine principale (44,30 %), le nombre de racines secondaires (81,89 %), le poids frais des racines (73,47 %) et le poids sec des racines (28,86 %). L’architecture du système racinaire traduit la capacité d’adaptation de Sclerocarya birrea à différents types de sols. Compte tenu de ces résultats, la sélection sur les caractères adaptatifs au jeune âge peut être envisagée.
Performance of Dalbergia palo-escrito Rzed. & Guridi-Gómez, a valuable timber tree, in a coffee plantation in Hidalgo, Mexico
Authors: SUÁREZ-ISLAS Alfonso , CAPULÍN-GRANDE Juan , MATEO-SÁNCHEZ José J. 
Published: October 2020

As a contribution to ex-situ conservation and production recovery of the valuable timber tree species Dalbergia palo-escrito Rzed. & Guridi-Gómez, enrichment planting was undertaken in a coffee plantation at 830 m above sea level in the east of the State of Hidalgo, Mexico. The purpose of this study was to assess the growth and health status of this species in order to put forward forest management recommendations. Average growth at 11 years of age (n = 56) was as follows: normal diameter, 13.2 ± 2.9 cm; total height, 10.9 ± 1.9 m. These values represent a mean annual increase of 1.2 cm/year in diameter and 1.0 m/year in height. Significant statistical differences in diameter growth (P = 0.0001) and height growth (P = 0.003) were observed as a function of crown position; growth, both in diameter and height, was highest in trees with emergent crowns in comparison with poorly lit trees. An association was also found concerning infestation by Struthanthus sp. mistletoe: differences in diameter growth (P = 0.002) were found between trees with mild infestation in comparison with healthy trees, which showed more growth. On the other hand, no height growth differences were detected (P = 0.102). Diameter and height growth were comparable to other commercially valuable species of fine Dalbergia timber on the international market, such as Dalbergia sissoo in India and Dalbergia retusa in mixed plantations in Costa Rica. The study suggests pruning out the mistletoe as a control strategy is a recommended forest management practice, as well as releasing poorly illuminated trees from competition and preserving the shade canopy of other native species.
Mengadopsi Model Akuntansi Startup untuk UMKM: Studi Kasus pada Pengerajin Kayu Desa Grenden, Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Rahayu Arie , Budyawati Indah , Hartanto Wiwin 
Published: October 2020

Saat ini, tidak banyak usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) yang menyusun laporan keuangan.[1] Padahal laporan keuangan berguna tidak hanya sebagai bentuk akuntabilitas pada pihak eksternal yang berkepentingan, namun juga bagi para pemilik dan pengelola UMKM itu sendiri. Manfaat laporan keuangan secara manajerial antara lain untuk perencanaan, mengetahui posisi keuangan, menilai kinerja, serta membantu pengambilan keputusan bisnis yang relevan. Ketidakpopuleran laporan keuangan di kalangan UMKM ini salah satunya disebabkan oleh model penyusunan laporan keuangan yang memang relatif kompleks. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan mengenalkan model akuntansi startup kepada UMKM, yang dalam hal ini para pengerajin kayu di Desa Grenden, Kabupaten Jember. Pemilihan model akuntansi startup sendiri dilakukan karena model akuntansi ini relatif sangat sederhana dengan metriks yang berbasis bisnis sehingga relatif lebih mudah dipahami pelaku UMKM pada umumnya. Desain penelitian berupa metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan subjek UMKM pengerajin kayu di Desa Grenden, Kabupaten Jember. Metode ini dipilih dengan harapan mampu lebih menangkap beragam nuansa yang muncul selama pengerajin kayu Desa Grenden mencoba menggunakan model akuntansi startup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah keengganan UMKM untuk menyiapkan laporan keuangan bisa dipecahkan dengan menawarkan model akuntansi yang lebih simpel dan lebih mudah dipahami pelaku bisnis yaitu model akuntansi startup. Pada studi ini ditemukan bahwa keengganan pelaku UMKM, dalam hal ini pengerajin kayu di desa Grenden, memang diakibatkan oleh kompleksnya model akuntansi konvensional yang digunakan untuk menyusun laporan keuangan. Sementara itu, model akuntansi startup yang memang lebih simpel dengan metriks berbasis bisnis memang dianggap lebih bermanfaat dan lebih mudah diterima oleh para pelaku UMKM. Kondisi yang serupa antara model bisnis startup dengan UMKM tertentu juga memungkinkan UMKM untuk memanfaatkan model akuntansi startup. Namun demikian, meskipun secara umum dianggap bermanfaat, penerapan model akuntansi startup juga perlu mempertimbangkan sejumlah hal seperti kemampuan pelaku UMKM dalam menggunakan teknologi informasi sederhana agar lebih banyak diterima dan digunakan oleh masyarakat.
Study of Gel Plug for Temporary Blocking and Well-Killing Technology in Low-Pressure, Leakage-Prone Gas Well
Authors: Ying Xiong , Yuan Xu , Yadong Zhang , Ziyi Fu 
Published: October 2020

Summary
A gel-plug system for temporary blocking technology is proposed in this paper to address the prevalent leakage of killing fluid in low-pressure wells; the low technical strength of existing gel plugs for temporary blocking in well killing; difficult-to-control crosslinking time; and gel embrittlement and the difficulty of breaking certain gel plugs. A mixture of etherified galactomannan plant gum, isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether surfactant, and oil phase was used as a thickener. An inorganic salt complex containing long-chain polyhydroxy alcohol was used as a crosslinker and the concentration of long-chain polyhydroxy alcohol far exceeds the theoretical amount required to complex the metal ion. A mixture of polyhydroxy alcohol with a small amount of weak acid was used as a crosslinking regulator. Finally, a mixture of sodium thiosulfate and long-chain quaternary ammonium salt surfactant was used as a stabilizer. Laboratory evaluations showed that this gel-plug system can be directly pumped into the wellbore after being mixed homogeneously, and the viscosity of the system on the surface can be controlled by the amount of crosslinking regulator. The viscosity of the gel-plug system after gelling was high (viscoelastic solid colloid); the initial viscosity reached 30 000 mPa·s at 120°C and retained a semisolid gel shape after aging for 72 hours. Right-angle thickening occurred when the gel warmed to target-zone temperature. The acidic liquid breaker acted quickly, and the viscosity of the broken fluid was lower than 5 mPa·s after 1 to 4  hours. This gel plug for temporary blocking and well-killing technology was successfully applied in a low-pressure, leakage-prone gas well. No gas, pressure, or liquid remained in the open well after killing, the wellhead was successfully replaced, and the tubing was successfully removed. The gel plug also exhibited self-healing: The hole formed by the tubing could be filled and sealed automatically by the gel plug in the annulus. The static friction (outer wall) of 73-mm tubing in the gel plug was 39.6 t/km; the dynamic friction (outer wall) after tubing removal was 7.2 t/km. This gel plug thus shows promise as a temporary blocking technology in workover operations of low-pressure, leakage-prone gas wells.
Novel MYO15A Variants are Associated with Hearing Loss in the Two Iranian Pedigrees
Authors: Khatami Somayeh , Askari Masomeh , Bahreini Fatemeh , Chaleshtori Morteza Hashemzadeh , Hematian Saeed , Asgharzade Samira 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Clinical genetic diagnosis of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) is quite challenging. With regard to its high heterogeneity as well as large size of some genes, it is also really difficult to detect causative mutations using traditional approaches. One of the recent technologies called whole-exome sequencing (WES) has been thus developed in this domain to remove the limitations of conventional methods.Methods: This study was a report on a research study of two unrelated pedigrees with multiple affected cases of hearing loss (HL). Accordingly, clinical evaluations and genetic analysis were performed in both families. Results: The results of WES data analysis to uncover autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) disease-causing variants was reported in the present study. Initial analysis identified two novel variants of MYO15A i.e. c.T6442A:p.W2148R and c.10504dupT:p.C3502Lfs*15 correspondingly which were later confirmed by Sanger validations and segregation analyses. According to online prediction tools, both identified variants seemed to have damaging effects.Conclusion: This study further supported the effectiveness of WES for genetic diagnosis of ARNSHL as a first approach.