bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body composition, phenotype and central obesity indices in Egyptian women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zaki Moushira , Amin Darine , Mohamed Ramy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. The aim of this study is to investigate body composition and phenotype of Egyptian women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and compare with those without and determine the optimal cut-off values of central obesity indices for predicting NAFLD.

Methods
The study included 100 women with NAFLD and 100 age and sex matched healthy controls without NAFLD. All women were subjected to ultrasonography examination. Anthropometric measurements included weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) and skinfolds thickness were assessed for all participants. Body fat % was evaluated by Tanita body composition analyzer. Body mass index (BMI), WC / height ratio (WHtR), WC / HC ratio (WHR) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were calculated. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off values.

Results
Data showed significant higher levels of WHtR, WHR, BMI, sum of skinfolds, body fat %, serum fasting blood lipids and glucose in NAFLD women compared to group of patients without NAFLD. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.920 for VIA, 0.883 for WHtR and 0.647 for WHR. The optimal cutoff value of VAI was 3.66, of WHtR was 0.66 and WHR was 0.84. All values showed high sensitivity and specificity values.

Conclusion
NAFLD women were obese, had excess subcutaneous fat and body fat ratio. Central obesity indices are closely associated with the presence of NAFLD in Egyptian women and might be responsible for its development. Visceral adiposity index had superior diagnostic performance.
Improved cryptanalysis of a ElGamal Cryptosystem Based on Matrices Over Group Rings
Authors: Pandey Atul , Gupta Indivar , Kumar Singh Dhiraj 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
ElGamal cryptosystem has emerged as one of the most important construction in Public Key Cryptography (PKC) since Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol was proposed. However, public key schemes which are based on number theoretic problems such as discrete logarithm problem (DLP) are at risk because of the evolution of quantum computers. As a result, other non-number theoretic alternatives are a dire need of entire cryptographic community.
In 2016, Saba Inam and Rashid Ali proposed a ElGamal-like cryptosystem based on matrices over group rings in ‘Neural Computing & Applications’. Using linear algebra approach, Jia et al. provided a cryptanalysis for the cryptosystem in 2019 and claimed that their attack could recover all the equivalent keys. However, this is not the case and we have improved their cryptanalysis approach and derived all equivalent key pairs that can be used to totally break the ElGamal-like cryptosystem proposed by Saba and Rashid. Using the decomposition of matrices over group rings to larger size matrices over rings, we have made the cryptanalysing algorithm more practical and efficient. We have also proved that the ElGamal cryptosystem proposed by Saba and Rashid does not achieve the security of IND-CPA and IND-CCA.
Treatment and long-term follow-up of patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus before age 5
Authors: Ata Aysun , Er Eren , Evin Ferda , Işıklar Hafize , Abdullayev Nushaba , Demir Günay , Özen Samim , Altınok Yasemin Atik , Darcan Şükran , Gökşen Damla 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to determine the effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) treatment on anthropometric measurements, mean HbA1c, and insulin dosage in patients diagnosed under 5 years of age and compare with multiple-dose injection therapy (MDI).

Methods
Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, diagnosed <5 years since 2000 and their 19-year follow-up were evaluated retrospectively. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and HbA1c values were recorded for each visit.

Results
Hundred and five patients (58.1% female, 41.9% male) were included in the study. Sixty-three (60 %) patients were treated by CSII and 42 (40%) by MDI. Mean age at diagnosis was 2.68 ± 1.42 and 3.29 ± 1.30 years respectively. Mean follow-up was 7.42 ± 4.76 and 6.01 ± 4.41 years respectively. For each group, weight standard deviation score (SDS) increased significantly in the first year after the diagnosis (p<0.001), and with the onset of puberty weight SDS decreased significantly (p<0.001). The trend of weight and BMI SDS changes over the years showed similar characteristics in both groups. During follow-up height SDS was similar in both groups except in Tanner stage 5. When puberty was completed, mean height SDS was 0.51 ± 1.03 in CSII and −0.31 ± 0.75 in the MDI group (p: 0.029). Mean HbA1c was significantly lower in the CSII group (7.62 ± 0.82 and 8.17 ± 1.22 respectively). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure change trends during the follow-up were also similar in both groups.

Conclusions
CSII treatment had positive effects on metabolic control and height SDS in patients with early-onset diabetes without increasing BMI.
Educating future professionals in perinatal medicine: the attitude of medical and nursing students towards childbirth
Authors: González-Mesa Ernesto , Cazorla-Granados Olga , Blasco-Alonso Marta , Sabonet Lorena , Jiménez-López Jesús S. , Rengel-Díaz Cristóbal 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The main objective of the present study was to evaluate what educational needs were being neglected in current perinatal educational program in the University of Malaga.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study using the Students’ questionnaire on attitudes towards childbirth (CAVE-st) in a sample of 378 students who were finishing their undergraduate or postgraduate academic perinatal program, including medical and nursing students.

Results
The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was 0.895. The mean score of CAVE-st in the sample was 200.34 (DT 21.0). The scores were below the median value in more than 53% of the students, especially in medical students. Female students scored systematically higher in the overall scale and its subscales, even after adjusting for study groups. On the other hand, the students with children scored significantly lower in the subscale that explored their attitudes towards unexpected results. A huge margin for improvement was recognizable in those subscales related with childbirth medicalization, respect to women decisions, and health-care prioritization.

Conclusions
Students’ attitude towards childbirth need to be improved as a means to improve women’s childbirth experience and prevent birth-related trauma. The current undergraduate and postgraduate training in perinatal care lacks a comprehensive and biopsychosocial perspective that would improve the quality of clinical practice during childbirth.
Topic affects perception of degree of foreign accent in a non-dominant language
Authors: Gnevsheva Ksenia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Multiple studies demonstrate that social and linguistic information is connected in speech perception such that the priming of a social category will affect listeners’ linguistic behavior. At the same time, the degree to which social information is relied upon during speech perception is less well understood. The current study investigates whether priming of a country affects the perceived degree of foreign accent and whether this effect varies across different social groups. Two groups of bilinguals (one dominant in Russian, another dominant in English) listened to audio recordings of monolingual and bilingual (also either dominant in Russian or English) speakers and rated the degree of their foreign accentedness in English and Russian. The recordings were divided by topic: neutral, Russia-related, and Australia-related. Statistical analysis revealed a significant effect of topic: Russia-related clips were rated as more foreign-accented in English by bilinguals dominant in Russian, and Australia-related clips were rated as less foreign-accented in Russian when produced by bilinguals dominant in English. The variation is explained through listeners’ using social information more when the linguistic information is less reliable.
Asymptotic behavior of the records of multivariate random sequences in a norm sense
Authors: Barakat Haroon M. , Harpy M. H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of the multivariate record values by using the Reduced Ordering Principle (R-ordering). Necessary and sufficient conditions for weak convergence of the multivariate record values based on sup-norm are determined. Some illustrative examples are given.
Regimes of linguistic entrepreneurship: neoliberalism, the entanglement of language ideologies and affective regime in language education policy
Authors: Phyak Prem , Sharma Bal Krishna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article explores how the ideologies of neoliberal linguistic entrepreneurship have created ethical tensions and contentious affects among Indigenous communities in promoting multilingualism and multilingual education. Taking the case of Nepal, our goal is to show how imperatives and characteristics that are articulated as key parts of neoliberalism are systematically perpetuated and appropriated in language education policies and discourses. We draw our data from interviews, ethnographic observation and instructional practices in the classroom. The article makes two major claims regarding how the neoliberal ideology of linguistic entrepreneurship has shaped the perceptions and practices of Indigenous peoples in a rapidly transforming society. First, it shows that the promotion of the English language in education should be understood as a key element of neoliberal educational entrepreneurship that considers education as a profit-making entity. And, second, the ideology of linguistic entrepreneurship is an embodiment of a broader neoliberal atmosphere to create an affective regime by which the feelings of collective identity and Indigenous language activism are trivialized and the affects that are perceived to empower a neoliberal subject are promoted. The new affective regime eventually contributes to translating the global dominance of English into a medium of instruction policy at the local level and supports English medium education as a market commodity.
Synthesis and crystal structure of bis{2-bromo-6-((E)-((4-((E)-1-(methoxy-imino)ethyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenolato- κ
2
N,O}zinc(II)-methanol(1/2), C65H60Br4N8O9Zn2
Authors: Song Xiao‐San 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C65H60Br4N8O9Zn2, triclinic,

P

1
¯

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 10.5707(4) Å, b = 11.1159(5) Å, c = 15.9260(7) Å, α = 92.654(2)°, β = 104.4460(10)°, γ = 116.0400(10)°, Z = 1, V = 1601.90(12) Å3, R

gt
(F) = 0.0574, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1284, T = 173(2) K.
The crystal structure of 4-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)benzonitrile, C22H20N2O
Authors: Wang Wenxiang , Zhu Chao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C22H20N2O, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 11.677(2) Å, b = 13.999(3) Å, c = 11.171(2) Å, V = 1826.2(6) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0521, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1078, T = 293 K.

CCDC no.: 2020121
Crystal structure of poly[diammine-bis(μ4-4-hydroxypyridine-3-sulfonato-κ5
N:O, O′:O′′:O′′)(μ2-pyrazinyl-κ2
N:N′)tetrasilver(I)], C7H8Ag2N3O4S
Authors: Zhao Han‐Lin , Jiang Jin‐Ke , Chu Yu‐Tong , Li Gang‐Mei , Li Xi‐Xi , Jin Xin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C7H8Ag2N3O4S, triclinic, P

1
‾

$&#x203e;{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.3758(3) Å, b = 8.7361(4) Å, c = 9.2906(4) Å, α = 112.877(4)°, β = 90.054(4)°, γ = 102.568(4)°, V = 535.90(4) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0235, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0600, T = 293(2) K.
Ontology and Anti-Platonism: Reconsidering Colin Gunton’s Trinitarian Theology
Authors: Leung King-Ho 
Published: December 2020

Summary
This article offers a reading of Colin Gunton’s trinitarian theology in light of recent theological attempts to develop accounts of ‘new trinitarian ontologies’ in a strongly Christian Neo-Platonic vein. In particular, this article seeks to situate Gunton’s work within the broader context of late twentieth-century European thought by comparing his ‘trinitarian ontology’ to the anti-Platonic ontologies of Martin Heidegger and Gilles Deleuze. By way of considering the ‘anti-Platonic’ aspects of Gunton’s trinitarian theology, this article presents his theological project as a testcase which highlights the stakes in constructing ‘new’ trinitarian ontologies as well as possible objections to the affirmative attitude towards Christian Neo-Platonism in contemporary theological metaphysics.
Spatio-temporal variation in the distribution and abundance of marine cladocerans in relation to environmental factors in a productive lagoon (Güllük Bay, SW Aegean Sea, Turkey)
Authors: Killi Nurçin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In order to understand the effects of some physical (temperature and salinity) and chemical (dissolved oxygen, nitrate and chlorophyll a) factors on the abundance and distribution of cladoceran species, zooplankton samples were seasonally collected between August 2015 and July 2016 from three stations near the entrance to the Boğaziçi Lagoon in Güllük Bay (Aegean Sea, Turkey) using a WP2 plankton net with a mesh size of 200 μm. Four cladoceran species – Penilia avirostris, Pseudevadne tergestina, Evadne spinifera and Pleopis polyphemoides – were found during all sampling events throughout the study period. They showed high abundance in August (4774 ind. m−3) and October (10 706 ind. m−3) as the dominant zooplankton group. The abundance of Penilia avirostris – the dominant cladoceran at all sampling locations – was estimated up to 10 871 ind. m−3 in October. Pseudevadne tergestina was the second dominant cladoceran. In September, only Pseudevadne tergestina and Pleopis polyphemoides were found in samples in small numbers. The abundance of cladocerans varied significantly throughout the seasons. Two physicochemical factors, temperature and dissolved oxygen, were the main drivers of changes in the cladoceran composition.
First record of Wiedemannia ljerkae Ivković et Sinclair, 2017 (Diptera: Empididae) from Albania with an updated checklist of aquatic dance flies occurring in the country
Authors: Słowińska Iwona , Jaskuła Radomir 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Wiedemannia ljerkae Ivković et Sinclair, 2017 is recorded from Albania for the first time (Sarandë District). The updated checklist of aquatic Empididae (Clinocerinae and Hemerodromiinae) from this country is provided. The potential diversity of the Albanian fauna of dance flies is discussed based on a comparison with faunas of neighboring countries.
Conceptual Ambiguity in Coding the Categories of Peace Agreement and Peace Process
Authors: Kapshuk Yoav 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Within the field of peace and conflict studies, data-production on peace agreements has rapidly increased. One complicated task for scholars and practitioners alike is understanding the relationships between peace agreements and the relationships between agreements and processes. For example, discerning when an agreement establishes continuity with previous agreements and, thus, belongs to the same peace process or when an agreement signals the start of a new peace process is not straightforward. In this study, I highlight what appears to be a fuzzy boundary for categorizing some disciplinary core concepts which, in turn, can cause our data to be unreliable. As a point of comparison, I investigate how two major peace agreement datasets – UCDP Peace Agreement Dataset and PA-X Peace Agreement Dataset – associate peace agreements with peace processes and find differences and ambiguities with respect to how they are coded in both databases. As a result of such inconsistencies, analyses drawn from these data can have different outputs and lead to misunderstandings about peace processes. Here, I demonstrate the disciplinary need for clearer principles to effectively associate peace agreements with peace processes and then argue for developing a disciplinary standard for the criteria used to operationalize peace processes. Crucially, a standard method for aggregating agreements into processes will facilitate consistent data production across databases.
Chemical engineering methods in downstream processing in biotechnology
Authors: Beschkov V. , Yankov D. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Downstream processing in industrial biotechnology is a very important part of the overall bioproduct manufacturing. Sometimes the cost for this part of biotechnologies is up to 50% of the overall expenses. It comprises product concentration, separation and purification to different extents, as requested. The usually low product concentrations, the large volumes of fermentation broth and the product sensitivity toward higher temperatures lead to specific methods, similar but not identical to the ones in traditional chemical technology.
This article summarizes briefly the unit operations in downstream processing in industrial biotechnology, making a parallel between biotechnology and chemical technology.
Multiferroic heterostructures for spintronics
Authors: Gradauskaite Elzbieta , Meisenheimer Peter , Müller Marvin , Heron John , Trassin Morgan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFor next-generation technology, magnetic systems are of interest due to the natural ability to store information and, through spin transport, propagate this information for logic functions. Controlling the magnetization state through currents has proven energy inefficient. Multiferroic thin-film heterostructures, combining ferroelectric and ferromagnetic orders, hold promise for energy efficient electronics. The electric field control of magnetic order is expected to reduce energy dissipation by 2–3 orders of magnitude relative to the current state-of-the-art. The coupling between electrical and magnetic orders in multiferroic and magnetoelectric thin-film heterostructures relies on interfacial coupling though magnetic exchange or mechanical strain and the correlation between domains in adjacent functional ferroic layers. We review the recent developments in electrical control of magnetism through artificial magnetoelectric heterostructures, domain imprint, emergent physics and device paradigms for magnetoelectric logic, neuromorphic devices, and hybrid magnetoelectric/spin-current-based applications. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of experiments that probe the crucial dynamics of the magnetoelectric switching and optical tuning of ferroelectric states towards all-optical control of magnetoelectric switching events.
CNS implications of COVID-19: a comprehensive review
Authors: Nagu Priyanka , Parashar Arun , Behl Tapan , Mehta Vineet 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 was first reported in December 2019 in the Wuhan city of China, and since then it has spread worldwide taking a heavy toll on human life and economy. COVID-19 infection is commonly associated with symptoms like coughing, fever, and shortness of breath, besides, the reports of muscle pain, anosmia, hyposmia, and loss of taste are becoming evident. Recent reports suggest the pathogenic invasion of the SARS-CoV-2 into the CNS, that could thereby result in devastating long term complications, primarily because some of these complications may go unnoticed for a long time. Evidence suggest that the virus could enter the CNS through angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptor, neuronal transport, haematogenous route, and nasal route via olfactory bulb, cribriform plate, and propagates through trans-synaptic signalling, and shows retrograde movement into the CNS along nerve fiber. COVID-19 induces CNS inflammation and neurological degenerative damage through a diverse mechanism which includes ACE-2 receptor damage, cytokine-associated injury or cytokine storm syndrome, secondary hypoxia, demyelination, blood–brain barrier disruption, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Viral invasion into the CNS has been reported to show association with complications like Parkinsonism, Alzheimer’s disorder, meningitis, encephalopathy, anosmia, hyposmia, anxiety, depression, psychiatric symptoms, seizures, stroke, etc. This review provides a detailed discussion of the CNS pathogenesis of COVID-19. Authors conclude that the COVID-19 cannot just be considered as a disorder of the pulmonary or peripheral system, rather it has a significant CNS involvement. Therefore, CNS aspects of the COVID-19 should be monitored very closely to prevent long term CNS complications, even after the patient has recovered from COVID-19.
SME Financing in MENA: A Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Multilateral and Bilateral Development Lenders’ Intermediated Lending Practices
Authors: Barthelmess Benedikt , Langlois Jean 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper documents for the first time the considerable increase of bilateral and multilateral financial institutions’ support to small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), following the political unrest and civil strife across the region since 2011. Focusing upon intermediated lending, the main financing channel, it assesses the underlying economic logic and implementation of this kind of SME financing. It is found that SMEs’ contribution to economic development is insufficiently well understood and, to some extent, has been misinterpreted, which implies that development banks’ lending operations lack appropriate targeting to achieve economic and social lending objectives. A review of the academic literature on financial exclusion and development finance, moreover, concludes that the lenders’ reliance upon large, often foreign-owned, commercial banks is not likely to achieve the desired developmental impact.
Simulation of proppant transport and fracture plugging in the framework of a radial hydraulic fracturing model
Authors: Lapin Vasily N. , Esipov Denis V. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHydraulic fracturing technology is widely used in the oil and gas industry. A part of the technology consists in injecting a mixture of proppant and fluid into the fracture. Proppant significantly increases the viscosity of the injected mixture and can cause plugging of the fracture. In this paper we propose a numerical model of hydraulic fracture propagation within the framework of the radial geometry taking into account the proppant transport and possible plugging. The finite difference method and the singularity subtraction technique near the fracture tip are used in the numerical model. Based on the simulation results it was found that depending on the parameters of the rock, fluid, and fluid injection rate, the plugging can be caused by two reasons. A parameter was introduced to separate these two cases. If this parameter is large enough, then the plugging occurs due to reaching the maximum possible concentration of proppant far from the fracture tip. If its value is small, then the plugging is caused by the proppant reaching a narrow part of the fracture near its tip. The numerical experiments give an estimate of the radius of the filled with proppant part of the fracture for various injection rates and leakages into the rock.
A note on change in persistence of U.S. city prices
Authors: Belaire-Franch Jorge 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper seeks to explain the high persistence in U.S. price differentials found in Cecchetti, S. G., N. C. Mark, and R. J. Sonora. 2002. “Price Index Convergence Among United States Cities.” International Economic Review 43: 1081–99, by means of the concept of change in persistence. To that end, have computed recently developed tests by Kejriwal, M., P. Perron, and J. Zhou. 2013. “Wald Tests for Detecting Multiple Structural Changes in Persistence.” Econometric Theory 29: 289–323, allowing for multiple changes in persistence under the alternative hypothesis. We conclude that change in persistence cannot be ruled out for some city price differentials.