bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Selective Conversion of 1‐Butene to 1,3‐Butadiene under CO2 Atmosphere over an Alumina‐supported Iron‐based Catalyst: The Role of Brønsted Acids and Lewis Acids
Authors: Yan Bing , Wang Luyi , Chen Quanxin , Dou Hongxin , Liu Chunjing , Li Jian , Jiang Tao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe conversion of 1‐butene to 1,3‐butadiene (BD) with CO2 is burgeoning as a latent technology, but the low BD selectivity of the current catalysts (≤40 %) is now the bottleneck of this process. Herein, an alumina‐supported iron‐based catalyst with high BD selectivity for the oxidative dehydrogenation of 1‐butene using CO2 was designed and prepared, and the BD selectivity has been improved up to 49 %. Consequently, the turnover frequency has been enhanced to 1.5 times that of the current FeVCrOX/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst. Furthermore, the effect of the acid type and content in the catalysts on their selectivity was identified. The Brønsted acids in the catalysts leaded to the unwanted isomerization reactions, whereas the Lewis acids played a key role in highly selective transform 1‐butene to BD. The BD selectivity increased with the increasing Lewis/Brønsted acids ratio. In addition, the conversion of 1‐butene over such catalysts was investigated through kinetic study.
Alkali‐Etched Ni(II)‐Based Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheet Arrays for Electrocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Zhou Jian , Dou Yibo , Wu Xue‐Qian , Zhou Awu , Shu Lun , Li Jian‐Rong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe exploration of efficient electrocatalysts is the central issue for boosting the overall efficiency of water splitting. Herein, pertinently creating active sites and improving conductivity for metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is proposed to tailor electrocatalytic properties for overall water splitting. An Ni(II)‐MOF nanosheet array is presented as an ideal material model and a facile alkali‐etched strategy is developed to break its NiO bonds accompanied with the introduction of extra‐framework K cations, which contribute to creating highly active open metal sites and largely improving the electrical conductivity. As a result, the assembled defect‐Ni‐MOF||defect‐Ni‐MOF electrolyte cell delivers a lower and stable voltage of 1.50 V at 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline medium for overall water splitting, comparable to the combination of iridium and platinum as benchmark catalysts.
Aqueous Rechargeable Li+/Na+ Hybrid Ion Battery with High Energy Density and Long Cycle Life
Authors: Zhang Xueqian , Dong Mengfei , Xiong Yali , Hou Zhiguo , Ao Huaisheng , Liu Mengke , Zhu Yongchun , Qian Yitai 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe practical application of aqueous rechargeable batteries is hampered by the low energy density and poor cycle stability, which mostly arises from the corrosion of cathode current collector, exfoliation of active material, and narrow electrochemical stability window of aqueous electrolyte. A light‐weight and low‐cost cathode current collector composed of graphite and carbon nanotube coated on nylon membrane exhibiting corrosion resistance and strong adhesion is developed. Also, a modified aqueous electrolyte with the addition of urea whose window is expanded to ≈3.2 V is developed that contributes to the formation of solid‐electrolyte interphase on surfaces of electrodes. LiMn2O4/NaTi2(PO4)3 Li+/Na+ hybrid ion battery using such aqueous electrolyte and current collector is demonstrated to cycle up to 10 000 times with low cost (60 dollars per kWh) and high energy density (100 Wh kg−1) for stationary energy storage and electronic vehicles applications.
Hybrid and evolving processes for software and systems—ICSSP 2019 special issue
Authors: Hebig Regina , Armbrust Ove , Sutton Stanley M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe volume at hand presents the special issue of the 12th International Conference on Software and Systems Process (ICSSP) 2019, which was held in Montreal, Canada, from May 25 to 26, 2019. ICSSP 2019 is the latest in a series of conferences that have been organized by the International Software and Systems Process Association. In our evolving landscape, many companies are making efforts to move towards new technologies and tools, agile principles, and continuous integration and delivery. In doing so, they find opportunity, flexibility, and strength in evolving towards hybrid processes, which are neither purely traditional nor can count as textbook agile. This special issue focuses on hybrid processes.
Unified geometrical framework for the plastic design of reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Konstantatou Marina , D'Acunto Pierluigi , McRobie Allan , Schwartz Joseph 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough the analysis and design of structures in static equilibrium can be intuitively carried out using simple equilibrium‐based methods such as graphic statics, the application of these methods to engineering problems that take into consideration specific material properties is generally limited. Within the domain of reinforced concrete, existing geometric approaches for developing stress fields and yield lines based on the theory of plasticity are especially useful. However, these approaches usually rely on iterative constructions and are generally limited to two‐dimensional cases. By taking advantage of graphic statics, this article introduces the theoretical basis for an entirely geometrical method to generate discrete stress fields and yield line patterns in two‐ and three‐dimensional reinforced concrete structures. The proposed approach is based on the use of reciprocal stress functions and the relationship between form and force diagrams.
New tools for characterizing early brown stem rot disease resistance signaling in soybean
Authors: McCabe Chantal E. , Graham Michelle A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBrown stem rot (BSR) reduces soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] yield by up to 38%. The BSR causal agent is Phialophora gregata f. sp. sojae, a slow‐growing, necrotrophic fungus whose life cycle includes latent and pathogenic phases, each lasting several weeks. Brown stem rot foliar symptoms are often misdiagnosed as other soybean diseases or nutrient stress, making BSR resistance especially difficult to phenotype. To shed light on the genes and networks contributing to P. gregata resistance, we conducted RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) of a resistant genotype (PI 437970, Rbs3). Leaf, stem, and root tissues were collected 12, 24, and 36 h after stab inoculation with P. gregata, or mock infection, in the plant stem. By using multiple tissues and time points, we could see that leaves, stems, and roots use the same defense pathways. Our analyses suggest that P. gregata induces a biphasic defense response, with pathogen‐associated molecular pattern (PAMP) triggered immunity observed in leaves at 12 and 24 h after infection (HAI) and effector triggered immunity detected at 36 h after infection in the stems. Gene networks associated with defense, photosynthesis, nutrient homeostasis, DNA replication, and growth are the hallmarks of resistance to P. gregata. While P. gregata is a slow‐growing pathogen, our results demonstrate that pathogen recognition occurs hours after infection. By exploiting the genes and networks described here, we will be able to develop novel diagnostic tools to facilitate breeding and screening for BSR resistance.
Exploring the Product Owner Role Within SAFe Implementation in a Multinational Enterprise
Authors: Remta Daniel , Doležel Michal , Buchalcevová Alena 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
[Context] Agile development methods are highly popular across software organizations. To leverage benefits in larger enterprises, Agile development methods have to be scaled. Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) is the most commonly used scaling framework. Performing of the Product Owner role has been identified as crucial in project success in large-scale environments. Staffing the right Product Owner is one of the challenges of adopting SAFe. [Motivation] Research papers focused on Product Owner in SAFe are scarce. Our study outcomes help enterprises to understand the Product Owner role in SAFe and therefore contribute to the removal of challenges with finding the right Product Owners. Additionally, we aim to improve the research community’s understanding of the Product Owner role within the context of SAFe. [Method] Qualitative data were collected through three semi-structured interviews and analyzed using deductive content analysis. [Results] This paper presents the initial results of a single case study. We found out that many activities identified for Product Owners in previous research are not carried out by Product Owners in this particular SAFe implementation.
Endovascular treatment of basilar tip aneurysms in the era of endosaccular flow disruption: a comparative study
Authors: Ozpeynirci Yigit , Hutschenreuter Bettina , Forbrig Robert , Brückmann Hartmut , Liebig Thomas , Dorn Franziska 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to compare endosaccular flow disruptor (EFD) for treatment of basilar tip aneurysm (BTA) with coiling in terms of safety and efficacy.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed patients treated with an EFD for BTAs at our institution between 2013 and 2019 to standard coiling from the same period (control group). Patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, procedural data, complications and clinical and angiographic outcome were compared between groups.

Results
Twenty-three (56%) patients were treated with an EFD and eighteen (44%) patients were treated with coiling. Average aneurysm size was 8 mm in the EFD group and 6.9 mm in the coiling group, respectively (P = 0.2). Average fluoroscopy time, treatment DAP and air kerma were 33 min, 76 Gycm2 and 1.7 Gy in the EFD group and 81 min, 152 Gycm2 and 3.8 Gy in the coiling group, respectively (P < 0.001). In the EFD group, clinically relevant thromboembolic complications occurred in one patient (4%) vs. in 5 patients (28%) in the coiling group (P = 0.07). In each group, 4 patients had an unfavourable outcome at discharge (P = 0.7). Adequate occlusion rates were 96% in the EFD group and 100% and coiling group. Six (26%) patients were prescribed long-term antiplatelet therapy in the EFD group vs. eleven (61%) patients in the coiling group (P = 0.02).

Conclusion
Both treatment concepts provided similar technical success and safety. However, procedure time, radiation exposure and a need for long-term antiaggregation were lower with EFD.
Intertwining operators for symmetric hyperbolic systems on globally hyperbolic manifolds
Authors: Murro Simone , Volpe Daniele 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a geometric process to compare solutions of symmetric hyperbolic systems on (possibly different) globally hyperbolic manifolds is realized via a family of intertwining operators. By fixing a suitable parameter, it is shown that the resulting intertwining operator preserves Hermitian forms naturally defined on the space of homogeneous solutions. As an application, we investigate the action of the intertwining operators in the context of algebraic quantum field theory. In particular, we provide a new geometric proof for the existence of the so-called Hadamard states on globally hyperbolic manifolds.
Smart Smoke Control as an Efficient Solution for Smoke Ventilation in Converted Cellars of Historic Buildings
Authors: Węgrzyński Wojciech , Krajewski Grzegorz , Kimbar Grzegorz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe paper is focused on the topic of smoke control in a confined, underground cellar area of a historical building, that is undergoing conversion to a restaurant. Similar venues were host to some of the most devastating fires in history. We have investigated the performance of a novel solution, “smart smoke control (SSC)”, and compared its performance with “traditional” smoke venting solution. The investigation was based on CFD simulations performed in a commercial code ANSYS Fluent, modified with user-defined functions to include for the steering algorithm of the SSC. The simulation results for a traditional system were unsatisfactory, while the SSC removing substantially more smoke (approx. 50% more) has provided tenable conditions over the whole course of the analysis. The results indicate that smoke control solutions based on the adaptive performance of the smoke exhaust fan, based on the conditions within the protected premise, can be favourable for compartments with the limited size of the smoke reservoir or limited space available for ducts. These findings are also true for existing buildings, where it may be advantageous to replace the existing smoke control solution with SSC. Future investigations should include full-scale experiments, and improvements in the simple algorithms used so far.
Nanofluids in Solar Thermal Collectors: Review and Limitations
Authors: Wole-osho Ifeoluwa , Okonkwo Eric C. , Abbasoglu Serkan , Kavaz Doga 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSolar thermal collectors are systems that allow for the use of solar energy in thermal applications. These collectors utilize a heat transfer fluid to transport absorbed solar radiation to applications where they are needed. Scientists in a bid to improve the conversion efficiency of solar collectors have suggested different collector designs and improved collector materials. Over the last 25 years, the study of nanofluids and their applications have revolutionized material science, and nanotechnology has found applications in improving solar collector materials. This article reviews the impact of different nanomaterials on the efficiency of solar collectors. The study also outlines the limitations of applying nanofluids and discusses the long-term challenges of their application to solar collectors. Nanofluids have the potential to improve the overall efficiency of most solar collectors, however, the full potential of nanofluids in heat transfer applications cannot be completely achieved until some of the questions regarding hysteresis, stability, and the overall predictability of nanofluids are answered.
The origin of constant phase element in equivalent circuit of MIS (n) GaAs structures
Authors: Drewniak Łukasz , Kochowski Stanisław 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Au/Pd/Ti–SiO2-(n) GaAs properties have been analyzed via impedance spectroscopy (IS), as well as DLTS and ICTS, to identify the origin of electron processes responsible for existence of constant phase elements (CPE) in an equivalent circuits of that structure. We showed that CPEs connected in series with resistance represents the electron processes associated with deep levels in GaAs and/or interface states at SiO2-(n) GaAs interface, depending on the value of n of CPE parameter. CPE with n close to 1 characterize the electron processes associated with EL2 deep level, and CPE with n = 0.5–0.65 the complex electron processes associated with EL3 deep level and interface states together. We stated that constant phase elements in equivalent circuits of MIS-GaAs structures with large frequency dispersion of electrical characteristics can be the result of more than one electron process.
Rank-Engel conditions on linear groups
Authors: Wehrfritz B. A. F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe study linear groups G for which for every g in G there exists a subgroup E of G satisfying some sort of rank condition and such that for every x in G there is a positive integer m such that for all n ≥ m the repeated commutator [x, ng] lies in E. If E can always be chosen to be a Chernikov group (resp. a polycyclic-by-finite group) such G can be completely described (Wehrfritz in Adv Group Theory Appl 7:143–157, 2019; Wehrfritz in Boll Unione Mat Ital, to appear). For more general rank conditions our analyses below are complete for positive characteristics but are less so for characteristic zero.
New Insights into the Failure Front Phenomenon and the Equation of State of Soda-Lime Glass Under Planar Plate Impact
Authors: Bauer S. , Bagusat F. , Strassburger E. , Sauer M. , Hiermaier S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA systematic study has been performed to gather more detailed experimental information on the equation of state and the Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL) of soda-lime glass as well as the failure front phenomenon. The key innovations of this study comprise experimental as well as analytical aspects. On the one hand, an extensive planar plate impact (PPI) test series has been carried out over a wide range of shock loading stress levels instrumented with two high-speed cameras and laser interferometers (PDV and VISAR). On the other hand, a systematic analysis concept has been developed and evaluated, including a combination of Lagrange diagrams with velocity profile data and a derivation of the equation of state together with an error estimation. Impact velocities ranged from 500 to 3000 m/s resulting in loadings of the soda-lime glass targets between 3.5 and 20.8 GPa. For stress levels between 3.5 and 6.7 GPa two high-speed cameras with 5 Mfps, positioned at the side and rear of the specimens, enabled the observation of shock waves and two different kinds of failure fronts. Therefore, visual information could be gathered not only in the purely elastic regime, but also in the transition region above 4 GPa and at stress levels beyond the HEL. The HEL of the soda-lime glass is determined to $$\left(5.0 \pm 0.2\right) \mathrm{GPa}$$

5.0
±
0.2

GPa

. For the onset of an internal failure front a minimum longitudinal stress between 3.8 and 3.9 GPa is identified. The evaluated failure front velocities range from 800 to 2100 m/s. From the observed release response a minimum spall strength of 6.7 GPa and release wave velocities between 5740 and 9500 m/s are deduced.
Long-Term Ivacaftor in People Aged 6 Years and Older with Cystic Fibrosis with Ivacaftor-Responsive Mutations
Authors: Pilewski Joseph M. , De Boeck Kris , Nick Jerry A. , Tian Simon , DeSouza Cynthia , Higgins Mark , Moss Richard B. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR) affect the quantity and/or function of CFTR protein reaching the cell surface. Ivacaftor, a CFTR potentiator that enhances chloride transport, increases the channel-open probability of normal and dysfunctional CFTR. Initially approved for people with CF (pwCF) with G551D-CFTR gating mutations, ivacaftor demonstrated clinical benefit in pwCF with other gating mutations and certain residual function mutations, including R117H-CFTR, in clinical studies. We evaluated the long-term safety and efficacy of ivacaftor in pwCF aged 6 years and older with non-G551D-CFTR ivacaftor-responsive mutations.

Methods
Efficacy and safety data from a phase 3, multicenter, open-label, extension study for participants from Study 110 (R117H-CFTR mutations), Study 111 (non–G551D-CFTR gating mutations), and Study 113 (n-of-1 pilot study in participants with residual CFTR function) were analyzed. Following washout from the randomized parent study, participants received oral ivacaftor 150 mg once every 12 h for 104 weeks.

Results
Forty-one of 121 participants completed treatment through 104 weeks; 59 participants who did not complete the extension study continued treatment with commercial ivacaftor. The most common adverse events were pulmonary exacerbation (46.3%) and cough (33.9%). Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild/moderate in severity and consistent with manifestations of CF or the ivacaftor safety profile. Rapid, durable improvement occurred across all efficacy endpoints.

Conclusions
Ivacaftor was generally safe and well tolerated with no new safety concerns for up to 104 weeks in pwCF with ivacaftor-responsive mutations. The pattern of improvement across efficacy endpoints was durable and generally consistent with parent-study outcomes.

Trial Registration
NCT01707290
Seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among Veterans Affairs healthcare system employees suggests higher risk of infection when exposed to SARS-CoV-2 outside the work environment
Authors: Dimcheff Derek E. , Schildhouse Richard J. , Hausman Mark S. , Vincent Brenda M. , Markovitz Erica , Chensue Stephen W. , Deng Jane , McLeod Melissa , Hagan Danielle , Russell Jon , Bradley Suzanne F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective:The seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG antibody was evaluated among employees of a Veterans Affairs healthcare system to assess potential risk factors for transmission and infection.Methods:All employees were invited to participate in a questionnaire and serological survey to detect antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 as part of a facility-wide quality improvement and infection prevention initiative regardless of clinical or nonclinical duties. The initiative was conducted from June 8 to July 8, 2020.Results:Of the 2,900 employees, 51% participated in the study, revealing a positive SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence of 4.9% (72 of 1,476; 95% CI, 3.8%–6.1%). There were no statistically significant differences in the presence of antibody based on gender, age, frontline worker status, job title, performance of aerosol-generating procedures, or exposure to known patients with coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) within the hospital. Employees who reported exposure to a known COVID-19 case outside work had a significantly higher seroprevalence at 14.8% (23 of 155) compared to those who did not 3.7% (48 of 1,296; OR, 4.53; 95% CI, 2.67–7.68; P < .0001). Notably, 29% of seropositive employees reported no history of symptoms for SARS-CoV-2 infection.Conclusions:The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among employees was not significantly different among those who provided direct patient care and those who did not, suggesting that facility-wide infection control measures were effective. Employees who reported direct personal contact with COVID-19–positive persons outside work were more likely to have SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Employee exposure to SARS-CoV-2 outside work may introduce infection into hospitals.
Dietary intake of branched-chain amino acids and colorectal cancer risk
Authors: Rossi Marta , Mascaretti Federica , Parpinel Maria , Serraino Diego , Crispo Anna , Celentano Egidio , Giacosa Attilio , La Vecchia Carlo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn adequate intake of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) is required for protein synthesis and metabolic functions, including insulin metabolism. Emerging studies found positive associations between BCAA and the risk of various diseases sharing aetiological aspects with colorectal cancer (CRC), including type 2 diabetes, obesity and pancreatic cancer. We investigated the relation between dietary BCAA and CRC using data from a multicentric Italian case–control study, including 1953 cases of CRC (of these, 442 of sigmoid colon) and 4154 hospital controls with acute, non-neoplastic diseases. A validated FFQ was used to estimate the participants’ usual diet and to assess dietary intakes of various nutrients, including energy, BCAA and Ca. OR and corresponding CI were computed by multiple logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex and other confounding factors, including total energy intake. BCAA intake was inversely related to CRC risk (OR for the highest v. the lowest quintile 0·73; 95 % CI 0·55, 0·97), but the association was attenuated after adjustment for Ca intake (OR 0·90; 95 % CI 0·65, 1·25). An inverse association with sigmoid colon cancer risk also remained after adjustment for other dietary factors, including Ca intake (OR 0·49; 95 % CI 0·27, 0·87). This study provides supporting evidence that higher levels of dietary BCAA intake are not associated with an increase of CRC risk, but confirms that they may be related to a reduced risk of sigmoid colon cancer.