bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Optical Quality and Distinct Macular Thickness in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted versus Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhang Jinling , Qin Miaomiao , Miao Jianguo , Chen Wei , Huang Yemeng , Wu Jian , Guan Yu , Guan Huaijin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Optical quality and macular thickness changing optical quality is rarely reported after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS). In current research, we evaluated optical quality recovery and distinct macular thickness changes after FLACS and phacoemulsification cataract surgery (PCS).
Methods: A total of 100 cataract patients (100 eyes) were included (50 eyes for the FLACS group and 50 eyes for the PCS group). Modulation transfer function (MTF), point spread function (PSF) and dysfunctional lens index (DLI) were measured by a ray-tracing aberrometer (iTrace). Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were also assessed pre-operation,1 week and 1 month after surgery. The MTF values at spatial frequencies of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 cycles/degree (c/d) were selected. We used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the macular thickness of different regions pre-operatively and1month after the surgery.
Results: In PCS group, we found the statistically significant differences between pre-operation and post-operation in DLI ( p <0.0001), PSF (strehl ratio, SR) ( p= 0.027) and MTF ( p =0.028), but not intraocular pressure (IOP) ( p =0.857). The differences between pre-operation and post-operation for DLI ( p =0.031), SR ( p =0.01) and IOP ( p =0.03), but not MTF ( p =0.128) were also found in FLACS group. The differences were statistically significant when the spatial frequencies were at 5, 10 and 25 ( p =0.013, 0.031 and 0.048) between pre-operation and post-operation in PCS group but not FLACS group at 1month. In PCS group, we found the differences between pre-operation and post-operation in nasal inter macular ring thickness (NIMRT) ( p =0.03), foveal volume (FV) ( p =0.034) and average retinal thickness (ART) ( p =0.025) but not FLACS group at 1month.
Conclusion: FLACS is safe that did not cause significant increase of macular thickness in current study. However, it also cannot produce better optical quality. In contrast, PCS can produce macular thickness changes, but better optical quality recovery. The slightly retinal change may not affect optical quality.
Characterization of genetic determinants of the resistance to phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, and the dagger nematode Xiphinema index from muscadine background
Authors: Rubio Bernadette , Lalanne-Tisné Guillaume , Voisin Roger , Tandonnet Jean-Pascal , Portier Ulysse , Ghelder Cyril Van , Lafargue Maria , Petit Jean-Pierre , Donnart Martine , Joubard Benjamin , Bert Pierre-Francois , Papura Daciana , Cunff Loïc Le , Ollat Nathalie , Esmenjaud Daniel 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background: Muscadine (Muscadinia rotundifolia) is known as a resistance source to many pests and diseases in grapevine. The genetics of its resistance to two major grapevine pests, the phylloxeraD. vitifoliaeand the dagger nematodeX. index, vector of theGrapevine fanleaf virus(GFLV) was investigated in a backcross progeny between the F1 resistant hybrid material VRH8771 (Muscadinia-Vitis) derived from the muscadine R source ‘NC184-4’ andV. viniferacv. ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’ (CS).Results: In this pseudo-testcross, parental maps were constructed using simple-sequence repeats markers and single nucleotide polymorphism markers from a GBS approach. For the VRH8771 map, 2271 SNP and 135 SSR markers were assembled, resulting in 19 linkage groups (LG) and an average distance between markers of 0.98 cM. Phylloxera resistance was assessed by monitoring root nodosity number in anin plantaexperiment and larval development in a rootin vitroassay. Nematode resistance was studied using 10-12 month long tests for the selection of durable resistance and rating criteria based on nematode reproduction factor and gall index. A major QTL for phylloxera larval development, explaining more than 70% of the total variance and co-localizing with a QTL for nodosity number, was identified on LG 7. Additional QTLs were detected on LG 3 and LG 10, depending on thein plantaorin vitroexperiments, suggesting that various loci may influence or modulate nodosity formation and larval development. Using a Bulk Segregant Analysis approach and a proportion test, markers clustered in three regions on LG 9, LG 10 and LG 18 were shown to be associated to the nematode resistant phenotype. QTL analysis confirmed the results, although a LOD-score below the significant threshold value was obtained for the QTL on LG 18.Conclusions: Based on a high-resolution linkage map and a segregating grapevine backcross progeny, the first QTLs for resistance toDaktulosphaira vitifoliaeand toXiphinema indexwere identified from a muscadine source. All together these results open the way to the development of marker-assisted selection in grapevine rootstock breeding programs based on muscadine derived resistance to phylloxera and toX. indexin order to delay GFLV transmission.
Quality Use of Medicines in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Castelino Ronald L , Saunder Timothy , Kitsos Alex , Peterson Greg , Jose Matthew , Wimmer Barbara , Khanam Masuma , Bezabhe Woldesellassie , Stankovich Jim , Radford Jan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective: To determine the extent of potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP; defined as the use of a contraindicated medication or inappropriately high dose according to the kidney function) of renally-cleared medications commonly prescribed in Australian primary care, based on two measures of kidney function. A secondary aim was to assess agreement between the two measures.Design: Retrospective analysis of routinely collected de-identified Australian general practice patient data (NPS MedicineWise MedicineInsight from January 1, 2013, to June 1, 2016; collected from 329 general practices). Setting & Participants: All adults (aged ≥18 years) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) presenting to general practices across Australia.Results: A total of 48,731 patients met the Kidney Health Australia (KHA) definition for CKD and had prescriptions recorded within 90 days of measuring serum creatinine (SCr)/estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Overall, 28,729 patients were prescribed one or more of the 49 medications of interest. Approximately 35% (n=9,926) of these patients had at least one PIP based on either the Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equation or eGFR (CKD-EPI; CKD-Epidemiology Collaboration Equation). There was good agreement between CG and eGFR while determining the appropriateness of medications, with approximately 97% of the medications classified as appropriate by eGFR also being considered appropriate by the CG equation.Conclusion: This study highlights that PIP commonly occurs in primary care patients with CKD and the need for further research to understand why and how this can be minimised. The findings also show that the eGFR provides clinicians a potential alternative to the CG formula when estimating kidney function to guide drug appropriateness and dosing.
Dilatation of the Cystic Duct Confluence in Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration and stone extraction for Patients with Secondary Choledocholithiasis
Authors: Yang Xiao-Bin , Xu An-Shu , Li Jian-Gang , Xu Yong-Ping , Xu De-Song , Fu Chao-Chun , Deng Da-Bo , Li Jie , Zhang Ma-Zhong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The advent of endoscopic and laporoscopic techniques changed surgery in many regards. A number of options exist in the management of cholelithiasis and secondary choledocholithiasis. Among them, laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) exploration with the choledocotomy followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has gained popularity. However, efforts should be made for minimally invasive or non-invasive to the CBD. For this purpose, we modified the surgical modality by laparoscopic transcystic approach with dilatation of the cystic duct confluence in CBD exploration (LTD-CBDE). The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility, safety and effectivity of LTD-CBDE based on our preliminary experience.
Evidence-based intrapartum practice and its associated factors at a tertiary teaching hospital in the Philippines, a descriptive mixed methods study.
Authors: Masuda Chisato , Ferolin Shirley Kristine , Masuda Ken , Smith Chris , Matsui Mitsuaki 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Evidenced-based practice is one of the key components of quality care. However, previous studies have identified gaps between evidence and actual maternity practices in the Philippines. This study aims to describe practice of evidence-based intrapartum care and its associated factors, as well as exploring the perception of healthcare providers in a tertiary hospital in the Philippines. Methods A mix-methods study was conducted, which consisted of direct observation of intrapartum practices during the second and third stages; semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with care providers to confirm the reasons to perform episiotomy or fundal pressure and their perception. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse the relationship between observed practices and maternal, neonatal and environmental factors. Qualitative data were extracted and categorised to identify themes related to the decision-making process of practices. Results A total of 170 deliveries were included. Recommended care, such as prophylactic use of oxytocin and controlled cord traction in the third stage, were applied in almost all the cases. However, harmful practices, such as intramuscular or intravenous oxytocin use in the second stage (14.1%) and lack of foetal heart rate monitoring (57.1%) were also observed. 92.0% of primiparas received episiotomy and 31.2% of all deliveries received fundal pressure. The following factors were associated with implementation of episiotomy; primipara (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 62.3), duration of the second stage more than 30 minutes (aOR 4.6) and assisted vaginal delivery (aOR 15.0). Factors associated with fundal pressure were primipara (aOR 3.0), augmentation with oxytocin (aOR 3.3) and assisted vaginal delivery (aOR 4.8). Healthcare providers believe these practices can prevent laceration. Women who got obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) was 17.1% in this study. Assisted vaginal delivery (aOR 6.0), baby’s weight more than 3500g (aOR 7.8), episiotomy (aOR 26.4) and fundal pressure (aOR 6.2) were associated with OASIS. Conclusions Our study found potentially harmful practices were still conducted, contributing to the occurrence of OASIS. The perception of these practices was divergent with the current evidence, with empirical knowledge having more influence. Scientific evidence and its underlying basis should be understood among providers to improve practices.
Altered regional gray matter volume in Chinese female patients with bulimia nervosa
Authors: Li Xiao , Liu Xiaowei , Wang Yu , Li Lingfei , Zheng Linli , Liu Yaya , Ma Jing , Zhang Lan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The bulimia nervosa (BN) is one of the psychiatric disorders, which pathophysiology is not clear currently. Recent studies have concentrated on brain structural and functional changes in BN patients. However, findings have been inconsistent.The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between brain structural alterations and clinical features in Chinese female patients with BN. Method A total of 34 female patients with BN and 34 matched healthy controls (HC) underwent a T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning. VBM analysis was carried out by using SPM8 ( http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/software/spm8/ ) to explore the alterations of regional Grey Matter Volume (GMV). The correlation analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) . Results The BN group showed reduced regional grey matter volume of the left medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed.L), the right superior temporal gyrus (STG.R), the right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.R), the left median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.L) and the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (SFGdor.L) compared to HC. There was no significantly regional grey matter volume increase in BN patients. The brain areas that GMV altered were uncorrelated with BMI and duration of illness (p>0.05). There was a significantly negtive correlation between age and GMV in the SFGmed.L (P<0.005, r=-0.516), the DCG.R (P<0.005, r=-0.556), the DCG.L (P<0.05, r=-0.576) and the SFGdor.L (P<0.005,r=-0.576). The self-esteem and self-evaluation of BN patients were uncorrelated with the structural alterations of GMV. Conlusions The results show altered regional GMV in females with bulimia nervosa in several brain areas, but it difficult to differentiate whether the GMV changes are the results of BN pathology or the consequences of binge-eating and compensatory behaviour. The structural alterations might be associated with impairments of inhibitory control and body dissatisfaction in BN patients, as well as mood disorder comorbidity.
Efficacy and experience of arthroscopic lateral patella retinaculum releasing through/outside synovial membrane for the treatment of lateral patellar compression syndrome
Authors: Chen Ji-Bin , Chen Dong , Xiao Ya-Ping , Chang Jian-Zhong , Li Te 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the method and effect of arthroscopic lateral patella retinaculum releasing (LPRR) either through or outside synovial membrane for the treatment of lateral patellar compression syndrome (LPCS).Methods: From September 2014 to December 2017, 125 patients with LPCS underwent arthroscopic LPRR either through or outside synovial membrane combined with joint debridement. In the outside synovial membrane (OSM) group, synovial membrane was retained. In the through synovial membrane (TSM) group,The synovial membrane was cut open. Active rehabilitation training was conducted after surgery. Before and after surgery, Lysholm score, patella medial shift, Kujala score, VAS score and surgical complications were evaluated and compared.Results: All patients in this study were followed up for 1.5-5 years. All patients had significant reduction in knee pain and improved function after 1 month and 1 year. The Lysholm score, the distance of patella medial shift, the Kujala score, and the VAS score in the OSM group and the TSM group were significantly improved in the final follow-up compared with before surgery ( P <0.001), but these observed targets before surgery and at the last follow-up between the two groups were compared with no statistical differences. However, the number of occurrences of joint hematoma and adhesion was significantly higher in the TSM group than the OSM group ( P =0.024).Conclusion: Arthroscopic closing LPRR for the treatment of LPCS can effectively improve the function and symptoms of the patellofemoral joint with the advantages of small trauma, rapid recovery and less complications. But, the number of occurrences of hemarthrosis and joint adhesion in the TSM group were significantly higher than those in the OSM group.
Barriers for Full Immunization Coverage among under Five Years Children in &nbsp;Mogadishu, Somalia
Authors: Mohamud Mohamed Hayir Tahlil , Mohamed Lul Mohamud , Magan Mohamed Ali , Mohamud Mohamed Abdulkadir , Muse Abdishakur Abdukadir 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Immunization is amongst the most cost effective public health interventions for reducing global childhood morbidity and mortality. However globally 9 million deaths of children occur as a result of vaccine-preventable disease, a bigger proportion occurred in sub-Saharan Africa which was 4.4 million. Therefore, this study aimed to assess barriers for complete vaccination coverage among under five years children in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methods: A community based Cross-sectional study was conducted in between April to July, 2019 in Mogadishu-Somalia. Two-stage cluster sampling with systematic random sampling was used to select a sample of 820 households. Data was collected through structured, interviewer administrator questionnaire. In case more eligible children found at single selected household, one child was randomly selected and the information related to immunization was interviewed from his/her caregiver. Results: the overall, fully vaccinated under five years children was found to be 45.2%. Immunization was found to be increased by being a younger caregiver (β = -0.019, P-value=0.042), being married caregiver, being Father with Secondary & above education (AOR=1.755, 95% CI=1.161-2.655, P-value =0.008), being a young child (β = -0.018, P-value=0.011), being children from birth order of fifth & above (AOR=1.539, 95% CI=1.011-2.343, P-value=0.044), Married caregiver (AOR=0.244, 95% CI= 0.063-0.94, P-value=0.041), increased Household monthly family income= (β = 0.003, P-value=0.000), Availability of vaccine at the time of visit (AOR =6.147, 95% CI=1.943-19.441, P-value=0.002), Cost affordability of vaccine =( AOR =1.951, 95% CI=1.238-3.076, P-value=0.004), Being born at health facility (AOR =1.517, 95% CI=1.104-2.086, P-value=0.010), having good Knowledge on immunization (AOR =1.125, 95% CI=1.070-1.181, P-value=0.001), having good Practice on immunization (AOR =2.756, 95% CI=2.233-3.402, P-value=0.001) and having good Perception on vaccine (AOR =4.976, 95% CI=2.183-11.340, P-value =0.001).Conclusion: In conclusion, the result of this study has revealed that the proportion of fully vaccinated under five children in Mogadishu is very low. Steps to promote Health education and vaccine availability should be lounged.
Effects of Combined Warmed Preoperative Forced-air and Warmed Perioperative Intravenous Fluids on Maternal Temperature During Cesarean Section: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ni tingting , Zhou Zhen-feng , He Bo , Zhou Qing-he 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Preventing the frequent perioperative hypothermia incidents that occur during elective caesarean deliveries would be beneficial. This trial aimed at evaluating the effect of preoperative forced-air warming alongside perioperative intravenous fluid warming in women undergoing cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia.Methods: We randomly allocated135 women undergoing elective cesarean deliveries to either the intervention group (preoperative forced-air and intravenous fluid warmings, n = 69) or the control group (no active warming, n = 66). The primary outcome measure was the change from the core baseline temperature to that at the end of the procedure. Secondary outcomes included thermal comfort scores, the incidences of shivering and hypothermia (<36℃), the core temperature on arrival at the post-anesthesia care unit, neonatal axillary temperature at birth, and Apgar scores.Results: Two-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed significantly different core temperature changes (from the pre-spinal temperature to that at the end of the procedure) between groups (F = 13.022, P <0.001). The thermal comfort scores were also higher in the intervention group than in the control group (F = 9.847, P = 0.002). The overall incidence of perioperative hypothermia was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (20.6% vs. 51.6%, P <0.0001).Conclusions: Warming preoperative forced-air and perioperative intravenous fluids may prevent maternal hypothermia, reduce maternal shivering, and improve maternal thermal comfort for patients undergoing cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia.Trial registration: The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1800019117) on October26, 2018. Keywords: Cesarean section, Spinal anesthesia, Warming
Increased risk of sialolithiasis in smokers: A nested case-control study using a national health screening
Authors: Jin Young Ju , Han Young Eun , Choi Hyo Geun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships among tobacco smoking, drinking alcohol, obesity and sialolithiasis in a Korean population.MethodsThe Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort, which includes patients ≥ 40 years old, was assessed from 2002 to 2013. 947 sialolithiasis participants were matched with 3,788 control subjects at a ratio of 1:4 with respect to age group, sex, income group, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We analyzed participants’ previous histories of smoking (current or past smokers compared to nonsmokers) and alcohol consumption (≥ 1 time per week compared to < 1 time per week) in the sialolithiasis and control groups. Obesity was measured using body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), which was categorized as < 18.5 (underweight), ≥ 18.5 and < 23 (normal), ≥ 23 and < 25 (overweight), ≥ 25 and < 30 (obese I), and ≥ 30 (obese II). Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe rate of smoking was higher in the sialolithiasis group (32.4% [307/947]) than in the control group (29.1% [1,103/3,788], P = 0.047). The adjusted OR of smoking for sialolithiasis was 1.31 (95% CI = 1.08-1.59, P = 0.006). Alcohol consumption and obesity were not statistically significantly related to sialolithiasis.ConclusionThe odds of smoking were increased in sialolithiasis patients compared with the control subjects in ≥ 40 years old population.
Fingerfoods: a clustered-randomized feasibility study to enhance fruit and vegetable consumption in Dutch patients with dementia in a nursing home
Authors: Visscher Annemijn , Battjes-Fries Marieke CE , de Rest Ondine van , Patijn Olga N , Lee Mascha van der , Wijma-Idsinga Nienke , Pot Gerda K , Voshol Peter 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Eating problems are highly prevalent in older patients with dementia and as a consequence, patients are at greater risk of becoming malnourished. Fingerfoods, snacks that can be picked with thumb and forefinger, could be used to counteract malnutrition in patients with dementia. The aim of this feasibility study was to evaluate whether providing fingerfoods as snacks was feasible for both patients with dementia and caregivers. Secondary objectives were to explore the effects of fingerfoods on total fruit and vegetable consumption, nutritional status and quality of life. MethodsInstitutionalised patients with dementia ( N = 22, 86% female, mean age = 85 years) were included in this clustered randomized controlled feasibility trial in the Netherlands. The intervention group ( N = 15) received their regular diet supplemented with fingerfoods, comprising quiches and cakes rich in fruit or vegetables, for 6 weeks. The control group ( N = 7) received their regular diet. Daily fingerfood consumption of patients and attitude of caregivers towards the fingerfoods were recorded to measure feasibility of the intervention. Fruit and vegetable consumption (3-day food records), nutritional status (body mass index (BMI) and SNAQ rc scores) and quality of life (QoL) (QUALIDEM) were measured in the first and last intervention week. The effects of fingerfoods on these outcomes were analysed with paired t-tests, Chi-square tests and ANCOVA. Results Patients consumed on average 70 grams of fingerfoods daily, containing 41 grams of fruit/vegetables. The intervention was rated as positive by 58% of the caregivers. Changes in fruit and vegetable consumption, malnutrition risk and QoL scores during the study period did not significantly change in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion This feasibility study showed that providing fingerfoods to patients with dementia seems feasible for both patients and caregivers and could provide a pragmatic approach to enhance fruit and vegetable consumption in institutionalized elderly. In future research, long-term effects of fingerfoods should be studied on larger scale to confirm these findings. Trial Registration: Requested.