bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Conflict versus Congruence’: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Experience of Gender Dysphoria for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Coleman-Smith Rachel S. , Smith Richard , Milne Elizabeth , Thompson Andrew R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn emergent evidence base indicates a higher prevalence of autism exists amongst people attending gender identity clinics. This qualitative study explored adults’ with autism experiences of coming to understand and address their gender dysphoria (GD). Data were collected and analysed using Grounded Theory. Ten adults with autism and GD undertook semi-structured interviews. A tentative theoretical framework of common processes involved in understanding and addressing GD for individuals with autism was developed. The experience is captured in the core category—Conflict versus Congruence. A key finding was the impact of autism as a barrier but sometimes a protective factor in participants’ understanding and addressing GD. Participants appeared to achieve greater personal congruence and wellbeing upon transition. Nevertheless, conflicts remained as they navigated the social world with a continuing fear of hostility and sense of difference due to having two stigmatised identities.
Building a Culture of Health at the Neighborhood Level Through Governance Councils
Authors: Pierre Jennifer , Letamendi Carl , Sleiter Luke , Bailey Zinzi , Dannefer Rachel , Shiman Lauren , Gutierrez Jaime , Martins Elana , Sierra Richard 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo explore facilitators and barriers to developing and sustaining collaboration among New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene’s Neighborhood Health Action Centers and co-located partners, who share information and decision-making through a Governance Council structure of representative members. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2018 with 43 Governance Council members across the three Action Centers of East Harlem (13), Tremont (15), and Brownsville (15), New York City. Governance Council members identified collaboration through information- and resource-sharing, consistent meetings and continuous communication as valuable for fostering a culture of health in their communities. Immediate benefits included building relationships, increased access to resources, and increased reach and access to community members. Challenges included difficulty building community trust, insufficient advertisement of services, and navigation of government bureaucracy. The Governance Councils forged collaborative relationships among local government, community-based organizations and clinical providers to improve health and well-being in their neighborhoods. Sharing space, resources and information is feasible with a movement towards shared leadership and decision-making. This may result in community-driven and tailored solutions to historical inequities. In shared leadership models, some internal reform by Government partners may be required.
Striking the balance with epistemic injustice in healthcare: the case of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis
Authors: Byrne Eleanor Alexandra 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMiranda Fricker’s influential concept of epistemic injustice (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2007) has recently seen application to many areas of interest, with an increasing body of healthcare research using the concept of epistemic injustice in order to develop both general frameworks and accounts of specific medical conditions and patient groups. This paper illuminates tensions that arise between taking steps to protect against committing epistemic injustice in healthcare, and taking steps to understand the complexity of one’s predicament and treat it accordingly. Work on epistemic injustice is therefore at risk of obfuscating legitimate and potentially fruitful inquiry. This paper uses Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis as a case study, but I suggest that the key problems identified could apply to other cases within healthcare, such as those classed as Medically Unexplained Illnesses, Functional Neurological Disorders and Psychiatric Disorders. Future work on epistemic injustice in healthcare must recognise and attend to this tension to protect against unsatisfactory attempts to correct epistemic injustice.
The Novel Role of PPAR Alpha in the Brain: Promising Target in Therapy of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Wójtowicz Sylwia , Strosznajder Anna K. , Jeżyna Mieszko , Strosznajder Joanna B. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPeroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) belongs to the family of ligand-regulated nuclear receptors (PPARs). These receptors after heterodimerization with retinoid X receptor (RXR) bind in promotor of target genes to PPAR response elements (PPREs) and act as a potent transcription factors. PPAR-α and other receptors from this family, such as PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ are expressed in the brain and other organs and play a significant role in oxidative stress, energy homeostasis, mitochondrial fatty acids metabolism and inflammation. PPAR-α takes part in regulation of genes coding proteins that are involved in glutamate homeostasis and cholinergic/dopaminergic signaling in the brain. Moreover, PPAR-α regulates expression of genes coding enzymes engaged in amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism. It activates gene coding of α secretase, which is responsible for non-amyloidogenic pathway of APP degradation. It also down regulates β secretase (BACE-1), the main enzyme responsible for amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide release in Alzheimer Diseases (AD). In AD brain expression of genes of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) is significantly decreased. PPARs are altered not only in AD but in other neurodegenerative/neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorder. PPAR-α downregulation may decrease anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory processes and could be responsible for the alteration of fatty acid transport, lipid metabolism and disturbances of mitochondria function in the brain of AD patients. Specific activators of PPAR-α may be important for improvement of brain cells metabolism and cognitive function in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Photonic crystal slab between orthogonal polarizers: details on the guided mode resonance wavelength
Authors: Lüder Hannes , Paulsen Moritz , Gerken Martina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe transmission spectrum of a photonic crystal slab features sharp dips created by guided mode resonances. The same photonic crystal slab placed between orthogonal polarizers shows peaks at the resonances, but the peak wavelength differs from the guided mode resonance wavelength by a few nanometres. We investigate the working principle of the orthogonal polarizer setup and the origin of the wavelength difference for the case of a TE resonance. We show that the peak in the orthogonal polarizer setup is formed by light from the non-resonant TM polarization. The wavelength difference is caused by the phase shift between the resonant TE and the non-resonant TM polarization. We compare our explanation to a temporal coupled-mode approach and the use of a time-domain window function in FDTD.
Religious zeal as an affective phenomenon
Authors: Tietjen Ruth Rebecca 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhat kind of affective phenomenon is religious zeal and how does it relate to other affective phenomena, such as moral anger, hatred, and love? In this paper, I argue that religious zeal canbeboth, and bepresentedandinterpretedas both, a love-like passion and an anger-like emotion. As a passion, religious zeal consists of the loving devotion to a transcendent religious object or idea such as God. It is a relatively enduring attachment that is constitutive of who the zealot is, and it expresses itself in a distinctive set of mental and behavioral dispositions. Most importantly, it motivates uncompromising actions and involves intense, hot, and deep emotions. As an anger-like emotion, religious zeal is an occurrent affective state of mind that is intentionally directed towards a specific (immanent) object, characteristically a person or group of persons. It condemns the violation of a religious norm that is taken to be of absolute validity and general applicability. It motivates an action aiming at vengeance and retaliation, and it involves intense and hot feelings of hostility towards its object. I argue that rather than reducing the complex phenomenon of religious zeal to one of these two manifestations, we should reflect upon the question of how the two distinct conceptualizations relate to each other (and are interwoven with political interests).
Optimizing MR imaging for intraoperative image guidance in sellar pathologies
Authors: Micko Alexander , Hosmann Arthur , Marik Wolfgang , Bartsch Sophie , Weber Michael , Knosp Engelbert , Wolfsberger Stefan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
With the advancement of extended endonasal approaches, the ability to surgically reach parasellar tumor extensions increase. The aim of the study was to propose an optimized imaging protocol for surgical guidance in the cavernous sinus (CS) for proper visualization structures at risk.

Methods
Prospective case control analysis of 20 consecutive pituitary adenoma patients scheduled for endoscopic transnasal surgery. Assessment of the capability of three different MRI sequences (MPRAGE, VIBE, CISS) by 4 investigators to correctly visualize sellar and parasellar structures. Invasiveness and position of the normal pituitary gland were compared with the intraoperative findings.

Results
The consensus between the 4 examiners to achieve the same results for all modalities was 40% for MPRAGE, 70% for VIBE and 60% for CISS sequences (p = 0.155). A consensus of Knosp Grade per patient was 80% for MPRAGE, 100% for VIBE and 90% for CISS (overall kappa 0.60). A higher Knosp Grade was found in MPRAGE sequences compared to the other sequences. Intraoperative status of invasiveness was correctly identified in 12/20 (60%) with MPRAGE, 19/20 (95%) with VIBE and 11/20 (55%) with CISS sequences. The position of the normal pituitary gland was most frequent evaluable in 15/20 (75%) and correctly identified in 12/15 (80%) cases.

Conclusion
Our data showed that VIBE sequences obtain the highest degree of consensus with intraoperative findings of invasiveness and position of the normal pituitary gland. VIBE sequences, due to their high spatial resolution and at the same time fast image acquisition could provide improved imaging for neuronavigation.
Quality of life in patients with severe mental illness: a cross-sectional survey in an integrated outpatient health care model
Authors: Berghöfer Anne , Martin Luise , Hense Sabrina , Weinmann Stefan , Roll Stephanie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This study (a) assessed quality of life (QoL) in a patient sample with severe mental illness in an integrated psychiatric care (IC) programme in selected regions in Germany, (b) compared QoL among diagnostic groups and (c) identified socio-demographic, psychiatric anamnestic and clinical characteristics associated with QoL.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included severely mentally ill outpatients with substantial impairments in social functioning. Separate dimensions of QoL were assessed with the World Health Organisation’s generic 26-item quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument. Descriptive analyses and analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were conducted for the overall sample as well as for diagnostic group.

Results
A total of 953 patients fully completed the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. QoL in this sample was lower than in the general population (mean 34.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 32.8 to 35.5), with the lowest QoL in unipolar depression patients (mean 30.5; 95% CI 28.9 to 32.2) and the highest in dementia patients (mean 53.0; 95% CI 47.5 to 58.5). Main psychiatric diagnosis, living situation (alone, partner/relatives, assisted), number of disease episodes, source of income, age and clinical global impression (CGI) scores were identified as potential predictors of QoL, but explained only a small part of the variation.

Conclusion
Aspects of health care that increase QoL despite the presence of a mental disorder are essential for severely mentally ill patients, as complete freedom from the disorder cannot be expected. QoL as a patient-centred outcome should be used as only one component among the recovery measures evaluating treatment outcomes in mental health care.
Identifying logical evidence
Authors: Martin Ben 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGiven the plethora of competing logical theories of validity available, it’s understandable that there has been a marked increase in interest in logical epistemology within the literature. If we are to choose between these logical theories, we require a good understanding of the suitable criteria we ought to judge according to. However, so far there’s been a lack of appreciation of how logical practice could support an epistemology of logic. This paper aims to correct that error, by arguing for apractice-based approachto logical epistemology. By looking at the types of evidence logicians actually appeal to in attempting to support their theories, we can provide a more detailed and realistic picture of logical epistemology. To demonstrate the fruitfulness of apractice-based approach, we look to a particular case of logical argumentation—the dialetheist’s arguments based upon the self-referential paradoxes—and show that the evidence appealed to support a particular theory of logical epistemology,logical abductivism.
Light Structure from Pin Motion: Geometric Point Light Source Calibration
Authors: Santo Hiroaki , Waechter Michael , Lin Wen-Yan , Sugano Yusuke , Matsushita Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe present a method for geometric point light source calibration. Unlike prior works that use Lambertian spheres, mirror spheres, or mirror planes, we use a calibration target consisting of a plane and small shadow casters at unknown positions above the plane. We show that shadow observations from a moving calibration target under a fixed light follow the principles of pinhole camera geometry and epipolar geometry, allowing joint recovery of the light position and 3D shadow caster positions, equivalent to how conventional structure from motion jointly recovers camera parameters and 3D feature positions from observed 2D features. Moreover, we devised a unified light model that works with nearby point lights as well as distant light in one common framework. Our evaluation shows that our method yields light estimates that are stable and more accurate than existing techniques while having a much simpler setup and requiring less manual labor.
The necessity of tailored control of irrupting pest populations driven by pulsed resources
Authors: Köhnke Merlin C. , Binny Rachelle N. , Holland E. Penelope , James Alex 
Published: March 2020

AbstractResource pulses are widespread phenomena in diverse ecosystems. Irruptions of generalist consumers and corresponding generalist predators often follow such resource pulses. This can have severe implications on the ecosystem and also on the spread of diseases or on regional famines. Suitable management strategies are necessary to deal with these systems. In this study, we develop a general model to investigate optimal control for such a system and apply this to a case study from New Zealand. In particular, we consider the dynamics of beech masting (episodic synchronous seed production) leading to rodent outbreaks and subsequent stoat (Mustela erminea) irruptions. Here, stoat control happens via secondary poisoning. The results show that the main driver of the optimal control timing (June) is the population density of the control vector. Intermediate control levels are superior to higher levels if the generalist consumer is necessary as a control vector. Finally, we extend the model to a two-patch metapopulation model, which indicates that, as a consequence of the strong vector dependence, a strategy of alternating control patches yields better results than static control. This highlights that besides control level, also the design impacts the control success. The results presented in this study reveal important insights for proper pest management in the New Zealand case study. However, they also generally indicate the necessity of tailored control in such systems.
David Martin: My Teacher, or, A Way of Seeing
Authors: Leoussi Athena S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDavid Martin’s sociology of religion embodied an expansive vision of religion, one that encompassed the entirety of human and social experience: its political, national, economic, aesthetic, poetical and spiritual-religious orientations, and the complexities of their institutional arrangements, entanglements and compromises with one another. David’s sociology was not formulaic; it was a constant struggle – a struggle for understanding the motives, forms and patterns of human behaviour as these changed and shifted under changing circumstances. David was extraordinarily sensitive to the importance of the historical context, and especially the effects of modernity, in all its different guises, on the great cultural traditions of Western civilisation: Christianity and Western ‘high culture’ - the ‘Western canon’ of European art, music, literature and poetry. For David, the former presented the best account of human life; the latter, the pinnacles of human creative and imaginative achievement. As my doctoral supervisor, he also helped me to see and understand the persistence, revival and evolution of that other great European cultural tradition, the Classical tradition, the civilisation of the ancient Greek and Roman worlds, in the modern world. Like its Biblical, Judaeo-Christian, counterpart, the Classical tradition has offered, well into the twentieth century, a powerful repertoire of cultural themes, images and symbols of human existence. This repertoire was often seen to parallel and complement the Biblical repertoire, while in its artistic, musical, and literary manifestations, would form the basis of the ‘Western canon’. Modern cultural movements, and especially the expressive and utilitarian revolutions of the 1960s, would set out to break these great images of the axial age. David’s mission would be to restore them.
Dysphagia Affecting Quality of Life in Cerebellar Ataxia—a Large Survey
Authors: Rönnefarth M. , Hanisch N. , Brandt A. U. , Mähler A. , Endres M. , Paul F. , Doss Sarah 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDysphagia is a common symptom in neurodegenerative disorders and is generally associated with increased mortality. In the clinical care setting of ataxia patients, no systematical and standardized assessment of dysphagia is employed. Its impact on patients’ health-related quality of life is not well understood. To assess the impact of dysphagia in ataxia patients on diet, body weight, and health-related quality of life. We conducted a large survey using self-reported questionnaires for swallowing-related quality of life (Swal-QOL) and a food frequency list in combination with retrospective clinical data of 119 patients with cerebellar ataxia treated in the neurological outpatient clinic of a large German university hospital. Seventeen percent of ataxia patients suffered from dysphagia based on the Swal-QOL score. Less than 1% of all patients reported dysphagia as one of their most disabling symptoms. Dysphagia was associated with unintentional weight loss (p = 0.02) and reduced health-related quality of life (p = 0.01) but did not affect individual nutritional habits (p > 0.05; Chi-squared test). Dysphagia is a relevant symptom in cerebellar ataxia. A systematic screening for dysphagia in patients with cerebellar ataxia would be desirable to enable early diagnosis and treatment.
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor as a Predictor for Long-term Improvements After Mindfulness-Based Group Therapy or Treatment as Usual for Depression, Anxiety or Stress and Adjustment Disorders
Authors: Sundquist Kristina , Palmér Karolina , Memon Ashfaque A. , Sundquist Jan , Wang Xiao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Identification of biological markers that can guide treatment selection is considered to be a viable solution for personalized treatment for patients with psychiatric disorders. This study investigated whether macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels at baseline were associated with mindfulness-based group therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy response in patients with mild to moderate symptoms of depression, anxiety, or stress- and adjustment disorders.

Methods
A total of 168 patients (aged 21–65 years) with psychiatric disorders were included from a randomized controlled trial. Plasma MIF levels in all the patients were analyzed using Luminex assay.

Results
Higher MIF levels at baseline were significantly associated with better long-term (1-year follow-up) improvement in psychiatric symptoms, as measured by changes in the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS-S), compared with lower MIF levels, after adjustment for baseline MADRS-S score, age, sex, BMI, and pharmacotherapy (β = 5.89, p = 0.001). Patients with higher levels of MIF (8235–23,391 pg/ml) had an almost 6 points’ larger decrease in MADRS-S score after 1 year compared with those with lower MIF (727–8223 pg/ml) at baseline. Similar trends were seen after 8 weeks, albeit non-significant (β = 1.99, p = 0.18).

Conclusions
The findings indicate that higher plasma MIF levels at baseline may predict better long-term outcomes with psychotherapeutic interventions for mild to moderate symptoms of depression, anxiety, or stress and adjustment disorders. MIF levels may serve as a potential biomarker that can guide treatment selection for the personalized treatment for patients with psychiatric disorders.
Einfluss von Merkmalen ebener Figuren auf das Erkennen von Achsensymmetrie – Eine Analyse von Aufgabenlösungen
Authors: Götz Daniela , Gasteiger Hedwig , Kühnhenrich Maria 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungSymmetrie ist ein bedeutendes Thema in der Mathematik, zu dem Verständnis bereits in der Grundschule angebahnt werden kann. Über Lernprozesse beim Erwerb des Verständnisses der Achsensymmetrie und dabei auftretende (Fehl‑)Vorstellungen von Schülerinnen und Schülern ist bisher eher wenig bekannt. Systematische Fehleranalysen können eine erste Datenbasis liefern, aus der sich Rückschlüsse auf das Symmetrieverständnis ziehen lassen, und die eine gute Ausgangslage für didaktische Überlegungen sein kann. Diese Studie analysiert den Einfluss der Merkmale einer Figur (z. B. Ausrichtung der Achse, Art der Symmetrie) auf die Lösungshäufigkeit, achsensymmetrische von nicht-achsensymmetrischen Figuren zu unterscheiden und Symmetrieachsen richtig einzuzeichnen. Sie arbeitet typische Fehler von Schülerinnen und Schülern unter Berücksichtigung unterschiedlicher Aufgabenmerkmale heraus. Basis dafür ist ein Aufgabenpool von 18 Aufgaben zum Identifizieren und Einzeichnen von Symmetrieachsen, den Schülerinnen und Schüler der Jahrgangsstufe 3 (n = 212) bearbeiteten. Es zeigen sich sowohl der Einfluss spezieller Aufgabenmerkmale auf die Lösungshäufigkeiten der Kinder als auch typische Fehler, vor allem bei drehsymmetrischen Figuren. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie geben erste Hinweise auf Fehlkonzepte von Schülerinnen und Schülern bezüglich Vorstellungen zur Achsensymmetrie und können sowohl in der weiteren Forschung als auch in der Unterrichtspraxis als Ausgangspunkt für detaillierte qualitative Analysen der Antworten von Schülerinnen und Schülern genutzt werden.