bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic and Burn Injury-Specific Variables Associated with Limited Joint Mobility at Discharge in a Multicenter Study
Authors: Lensing Jonathan , Wibbenmeyer Lucy , Liao Junlin , Parry Ingrid , Kowalske Karen , Reg Richard , Schneider Jeffrey C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Burn scar contractures. Existing research on contractures is limited by incomplete analysis of potential contributing variables and differing protocols. This study expands the exploration of contributing variables to include surgery and rehabilitation treatment-related factors. Additionally, this study quantifies direct patient therapy time and patient exposure to rehabilitation prevention therapies. Data from subjects enrolled in the prospective Burn Patient Acuity Demographics, Scar Contractures and Rehabilitation Treatment Related to Patient Outcome Study (ACT) were analyzed to determine variables related to a limited range of motion (limROM) in seven joints and 18 motions (forearm supination) at discharge. Chi-squared and Student’s t-test were used accordingly. Multivariate analysis was performed at the patient and joint motion level to control for confounders. Of the 300-member study group, 259 (86.3%) patients had limROM at discharge. Variables independently related to the development of moderate-to-severe limROM on the patient level were larger TBSA, having skin grafted and prolonged bed rest. Variables independently related to moderate–severe limROM on the joint motion level were the percentage of cutaneous functional unit (CFU) burned (P = .044), increase in the length of stay, weight gain, poor compliance with rehabilitation therapy and lower extremity joint burns. Rates of limROM are increased in patients who had larger burns, required surgery, had a greater percentage of the associated CFU burned, and had lower extremity burns. Attention to adequate pain control to ensure rehabilitation tolerance and early ambulation may also decrease limROM at discharge and quicker return to pre-burn activities and employment.
The Economic Impacts and Management of Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila Suzukii): The Case of Wild Blueberries in Maine
Authors: Yeh D Adeline , Drummond Francis A , Gómez Miguel I , Fan Xiaoli 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), or spotted wing drosophila, has become a major pest concern for berry growers in the United States. In this study, we evaluated the economic impacts of D. suzukii on the Maine wild blueberry industry from two perspectives. The first analysis estimated the state-level economic impacts of D. suzukii on the wild blueberry industry in Maine in the absence of control. We found that D. suzukii could result in drastic revenue losses to the industry, which could be over $6.8 million under the worst-case scenario (assuming a 30% yield reduction). In the second analysis, we used Monte Carlo simulation to compare the expected revenues under different management strategies for a typical wild blueberry farm in Maine. The analysis focused on a decision-making week during the harvesting season, which the grower can choose in between three control strategies: no-control, early harvest, or insecticide application. The results suggested that insecticide applications are not economically optimal in most low infestation risk scenarios. Furthermore, although the early harvest strategy is one of the strategies to avoid D. suzukii infestations for wild blueberry production in Maine, the tradeoff is the revenue loss from the unripe crop. Using the simulation results, we summarized optimal harvest timing regarding the fruit maturity level under different D. suzukii infestation risk scenarios, which can minimize the revenue loss from adopting the early harvest management strategy.
The ‘culture of two’: Communication accommodation in ravens’ (Corvus corax) nonvocal signaling
Authors: Luef Eva Maria , Ter Maat Andries , Jäger Manuela , Pika Simone 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe theory of communication accommodation refers to linguistic processes through which human interactants—consciously or subconsciously—shift their speech and gesture styles to resemble those of their conversation partners. This phenomenon represents a crucial feature of human language and is particularly pronounced in affiliative and/or strong relationships. Communication accommodation is suggested to reflect a need for social integration or identification with other individuals and, as such, plays an important role in communication within closely-knit social units and in particular monogamous relationships. Concerning nonhuman animals, the phenomenon of communication accommodation has received relatively little research attention. Here, we tested whether common ravens (Corvus corax), which are known for their sophisticated communicative skills and lifelong monogamous pair bonds, accommodate their nonvocal signals within a relationship (i.e., pair-partners). Specifically, we investigated whether the nonvocal signals exchanged within pairs become synchronized over time. Our results provided evidence that raven pairs matched their repertoires, with recipients reciprocating the signals of their communication partners in relation to time spent together. This study thus strengthens the hypothesis that the motives to form and maintain affiliate relationships may have been crucial in boosting not only cognitive but also communicative abilities, and provides insight into the role social bonding might have played in the evolution of communicative plasticity.
Hypersingular Integral Equations Arising in the Boundary Value Problems of the Elasticity Theory
Authors: Mkhitaryan S M , Mkrtchyan M S , Kanetsyan E G 
Published: January 2020

Summary
The exact solutions of a class of hypersingular integral equations with kernels $\left( {s-x} \right)^{-2}$, $\left( {\sin \frac{s-x}{2}} \right)^{-2}$, $\left( {\sinh \frac{s-x}{2}} \right)^{-2},\cos \frac{s-x}{2}\left( {\sin \frac{s-x}{2}} \right)^{-2}$, $\cosh \frac{s-x}{2}\left( {\sinh \frac{s-x}{2}} \right)^{-2}$ are obtained where the integrals must be interpreted as Hadamard finite-part integrals. Problems of cracks in elastic bodies of various canonical forms under antiplane and plane deformations, where the crack edges are loaded symmetrically, lead to such equations. These problems, in turn, lead to mixed boundary value problems of the mathematical theory of elasticity for a half-plane, a circle, a strip and a wedge.
Playing the fields: Theorizing research impact and its assessment
Authors: Williams Kate 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHow research is assessed affects what types of knowledge are valued, incentivized, and rewarded. An increasingly important element of contemporary research evaluation is the measurement of the wider impact of research (e.g. benefit to society, culture or economy). Although the measurement of impact has been highly contested, the area is under-theorized and dominated by pragmatic research policy imperatives. Informed by a sociological perspective, this article intervenes in this context by reframing research impact as the attainment and maintenance of capital (i.e. symbolic power or status) in various fields beyond academia. It argues that research impact occurs at the intersection of these fields of power. The article shows that impact involves various combinations of capital from the scholarly field, the field of politics, the field of application, the media field, and the economic field, which provide credibility, authority, utility, visibility, and weight, respectively. In exploring the forms of worth and value that underpin the pursuit of legitimacy in these fields, the article provides a new theoretical framework for understanding research impact and its assessment.
CELLULAR DOSE DISTRIBUTIONS OF INHALED RADON PROGENY AMONG DIFFERENT LOBES OF THE HUMAN LUNG
Authors: Hofmann Werner , Winkler-Heil Renate 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Basal and secretory cell doses in the different lobes of the human lung following inhalation of short-lived radon progeny were calculated for a five-lobe asymmetric, stochastic lung model, considering the non-uniform ventilation of the lobes. Dose calculations for defined exposure conditions revealed that the upper lobes receive higher doses than the average bronchial dose for the whole lung, with the right upper lobe receiving the highest dose. The resulting inter-lobar distribution of cellular bronchial doses indicated that the non-uniform lung morphometry is the dominating factor, while non-uniform ventilation only slightly enhances the lobar differences. The comparison of average lobe-specific bronchial doses with the average bronchial dose for the whole lung allows the calculation of lobe-specific dose weighting factors, which can be used to convert average bronchial doses based on symmetric airway generation or bronchial compartment models to lobar bronchial doses.
Interleukin-12 supports in vitro self-renewal of long-term hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Zhang Shanshan , Morita Maiko , Wang Zhao , Ooehara Jun , Zhang Sen , Xie Miner , Bai Haitao , Yu Wenying , Wang Xiaofang , Dong Fang , Wang Jinhong , Ma Shihui , Yamazaki Satoshi , Ema Hideo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) self-renew or differentiate through division. Cytokines are essential for inducing HSC division, but the optimal cytokine combination to control self-renewal of HSC in vitro remains unclear. In this study, we compared the effects of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and thrombopoietin (TPO) in combination with stem cell factor (SCF) on in vitro self-renewal of HSCs. Single-cell assays were used to overcome the heterogeneity issue of HSCs, and serum-free conditions were newly established to permit reproduction of data. In single-cell cultures, CD150+CD48−CD41−CD34−c-Kit+Sca-1+lineage− HSCs divided significantly more slowly in the presence of SCF+IL-12 compared with cells in the presence of SCF+TPO. Serial transplantation of cells from bulk and clonal cultures revealed that TPO was more effective than IL-12 at supporting in vitro self-renewal of short-term (<6 months) HSCs, resulting in a monophasic reconstitution wave formation, whereas IL-12 was more effective than TPO at supporting the in vitro self-renewal of long-term (>6 months) HSCs, resulting in a biphasic reconstitution wave formation. The control of division rate in HSCs appeared to be crucial for preventing the loss of self-renewal potential from their in vitro culture.
Successful ex vivo expansion of mouse hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Ema Hideo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is considered the holy grail in stem cell biology and therapy, as it has long been difficult to make this procedure possible. Yamazaki's research team has established new, polyvinyl alcohol-based culture conditions and shown a significant expansion of mouse HSCs from a small number of cells after a month of culture. Surprisingly, expanded HSCs were able to reconstitute unconditioned normal mice. There is generally a technical concern in limiting dilution assay to estimate a fold-expansion of HSCs. But, this work paves the way toward expansion of human HSCs useful for transplantation medicine.
When blood development meets single-cell transcriptomics
Authors: Zhou Jie , Liu Bing , Lan Yu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Blood cells arise during embryonic development by three temporally distinct waves. Belonging to the third wave, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are generated from hemogenic endothelium via endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition in mid-gestational embryos. Recently, studies combined with single-cell transcriptomics have provided massive new insights into the molecular evolutions and the underlying mechanisms of distinct waves of hematopoietic specification. In this review, we discuss the current single-cell profiling techniques, the most recent novel findings involved in the generation of distinct waves of blood cells, especially the HSCs, using single-cell transcriptional profiling combined with functional evaluations, and the perspectives to use the accumulating huge single-cell transcriptional data sets to study developmental hematopoiesis.
Transcriptional addiction in mixed lineage leukemia: new avenues for target therapies
Authors: Xiao Ruijing , Wang Honghong , Liang Kaiwei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) is an aggressive and refractory blood cancer that predominantly occurs in pediatric patients and is often associated with poor prognosis and dismal outcomes. Thus far, no effective target therapy for the treatment of MLL leukemia is available. MLL leukemia is caused by the rearrangement of MLL genes at 11q23, which generates various MLL chimeric proteins that promote leukemogenesis through transcriptional misregulation of MLL target genes. Biochemical studies on MLL chimeras have identified that the most common partners exist in the superelongation complex (SEC) and DOT1L complex, which activate or sustain MLL target gene expression through processive transcription elongation. The results of these studies indicate a transcription-related mechanism for MLL leukemogenesis and maintenance. In this study, we first review the history of MLL leukemia and its related clinical features. Then, we discuss the biological functions of MLL and MLL chimeras, significant cooperating events, and transcriptional addiction mechanisms in MLL leukemia with an emphasis on potential and rational therapy development. Collectively, we believe that targeting the transcriptional addiction mediated by SEC and the DOT1L complex will provide new avenues for target therapies in MLL leukemia and serve as a novel paradigm for targeting transcriptional addiction in other cancers.
Epigenetic regulation of hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis
Authors: Jiang Penglei , Wang Hui , Zheng Jiachen , Han Yingli , Huang He , Qian Pengxu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
As one of the best characterized adult stem cells, hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis is of great importance to hematopoiesis and immunity due to HSC's abilities of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation into functional blood cells. However, excessive self-renewal of HSCs can lead to severe hematopoietic malignancies like leukemia, whereas deficient self-renewal of HSCs may result in HSC exhaustion and eventually apoptosis of specialized cells, giving rise to abnormalities such as immunodeficiency or anemia. How HSC homeostasis is maintained has been studied for decades and regulatory factors can be generally categorized into two classes: genetic factors and epigenetic factors. Although genetic factors such as signaling pathways or transcription factors have been well explored, recent studies have emerged the indispensable roles of epigenetic factors. In this review, we have summarized regulatory mechanisms of HSC homeostasis by epigenetic factors, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, non-coding RNAs, and RNA modification, which will facilitate applications such as HSC ex vivo expansion and exploration of novel therapeutic approaches for many hematological diseases.
Molecular mechanisms for stemness maintenance of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells
Authors: Wang Jiazhen , Wang Peipei , Zhang Tiantian , Gao Zhuying , Wang Jing , Feng Mengdie , Yin Rong , Zhang Haojian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a fatal hematologic malignancy characterized with accumulation of myeloid blasts and differentiation arrest. The development of AML is associated with a serial of genetic and epigenetic alterations mainly occurred in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), which change HSPC state at the molecular and cellular levels and transform them into leukemia stem cells (LSCs). LSCs play critical roles in leukemia initiation, progression, and relapse, and need to be eradicated to achieve a cure in clinic. Key to successfully targeting LSCs is to fully understand the unique cellular and molecular mechanisms for maintaining their stemness. Here, we discuss LSCs in AML with a focus on identification of unique biological features of these stem cells to decipher the molecular mechanisms of LSC maintenance.
How comprehensive is the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for identifying clinical trial registration?: the protocol of a diagnostic study
Authors: Banno Masahiro , Tsujimoto Yasushi , Kataoka Yuki 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate whether or not systematic reviewers can use Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify ongoing and unpublished studies instead of searching International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) and ClinicalTrials.gov (CT.gov).MethodsThis will be a diagnostic accuracy test study. We will collect a consecutive sample of ongoing or unpublished studies on Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSRs) during the last six months. We will use all of the records as our reference standard and evaluated whether they are part of the CENTRAL search presented in the CDSRs.The index test is the CENTRAL search using the search terms in the CDSRs, and the reference standard is the list of ongoing or unpublished studies registered on the ICTRP or CT.gov in the CDSRs.We will assess the sensitivity and number needed to read.Ethics & DisseminationThis study does not require ethics approval. We registered this study protocol. We will publish the findings in a peer-reviewed journal and may present them at conferences.DiscussionThis study may lessen the burden of systematic reviewers if this study clarifies CENTRAL search can be used for screening in records about ongoing or unpublished studies.RegistrationUMIN-CTR: UMIN000038981Author name abbreviationsMasahiro Banno (MB), Yasushi Tsujimoto (YT), Yuki Kataoka (YK)
Automatic detection of generalized paroxysmal fast activity in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome using a bi-modal EEG time-frequency feature
Authors: Omidvarnia Amir , Warren Aaron E.L. , Dalic Linda J. , Pedersen Mangor , Archer John S. , Jackson Graeme 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveMark-up of generalized interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) on EEG is an important step in the diagnosis and characterization of epilepsy. However, manual EEG mark-up is a time-consuming, subjective, and highly specialized task where the human reviewer needs to visually inspect a large amount of data to facilitate accurate clinical decisions. The objective of this study was to develop a framework for automated detection of generalized paroxysmal fast activity (GPFA), which is a characteristic type of generalized IED seen in scalp EEG recordings of patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), a severe form of drug-resistant generalized epilepsy.MethodsWe studied 13 children with LGS who had GPFA events in their interictal EEG recordings. Time-frequency information derived from manually marked IEDs across multiple EEG channels was used to automatically detect similar events in each patient’s interictal EEG. We validated true positives and false positives of the proposed spike detection approach using both standalone scalp EEG and simultaneous EEG-functional MRI (EEG-fMRI) recordings.ResultsGPFA events displayed a consistent low-high frequency arrangement in the time-frequency domain. This ‘bi-modal’ spectral feature was most prominent over frontal EEG channels. Our automatic detection approach using this feature identified likely epileptic events with similar time-frequency properties to the manually marked GPFAs. Brain maps of EEG-fMRI signal change during these automatically detected IEDs were comparable to the EEG-fMRI brain maps derived from manual IED mark-up.ConclusionGPFA events have a characteristic bi-modal time-frequency feature that can be automatically detected from scalp EEG recordings in patients with LGS. Validity of this time-frequency feature is demonstrated by EEG-fMRI analysis of automatically detected events, which recapitulates the brain maps we have previously shown to underlie generalized IEDs in LGS.SignificanceThis study provides a novel methodology that paves the way for quick, automated, and objective inspection of generalized IEDs in LGS. The proposed framework may be extendable to a wider range of epilepsy syndromes in which monitoring the burden of epileptic activity can aid clinical decision-making. For example, automated quantification of generalized discharges may permit faster assessment of treatment response and estimation of future seizure risk.
Neuromagnetic speech discrimination responses are associated with reading-related skills in dyslexic and typical readers
Authors: Thiede A. , Parkkonen L. , Virtala P. , Laasonen M. , Mäkelä J.P. , Kujala T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDyslexia is thought to result from poor phonological processing. We investigated neuromagnetic speech discrimination in dyslexic and typical readers with mismatch fields (MMF) and determined the associations between MMFs and reading-related skills. We expected weak and atypically lateralized MMFs in dyslexic readers, and associations between reading-related skills and MMF strength. MMFs were recorded to a repeating pseudoword /ta-ta/ with occasional changes in vowel identity, duration, or syllable frequency from 43 adults, 21 with confirmed dyslexia. Speech-sound changes elicited MMFs in bilateral auditory cortices, with no group differences in source strengths. MMFs to vowel identity and duration changes were left-lateralized. Better verbal working memory was associated with stronger left-hemispheric MMFs across groups, suggesting the relevance of verbal working memory for speech processing. Better technical reading was associated with stronger right-hemispheric MMFs in dyslexic readers, suggesting a right-hemispheric compensatory mechanism for language processing. In conclusion, contrary to prior work, our results did not support deficient speech discrimination in dyslexia. However, in line with previous studies, we observed left-lateralized MMFs to vowel identity and duration changes, and associations of MMFs with reading-related skills, highlighting the connection between neural speech processing and reading and promoting the use of MMFs in investigating reading-related brain processes.HighlightsSpeech-sound changes elicit comparable mismatch fields in dyslexics and controls.Mismatch fields (MMFs) to vowel identity and duration changes are left-lateralized.Stronger left MMFs are associated with better verbal working memory across groups.Stronger right MMFs are associated with better technical reading in dyslexics.Low-level neural speech discrimination is associated with reading-related skills.
Developmental regulation of oocyte lipid uptake via ‘patent’ follicular epithelium inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Row Sarayu , Deng Wu-Min 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEpithelia form protective permeability barriers that selectively allow the exchange of material while maintaining tissue integrity under extreme mechanical, chemical, and bacterial loads. Here, we report in theDrosophilafollicular epithelium a developmentally regulated and evolutionarily conserved process, ‘patency’, wherein a breach is created in the epithelium at tricellular contacts during mid-vitellogenesis. InDrosophila, patency exhibits a strict temporal range delimited by the transcription factor Tramtrack69, and a spatial pattern regulated by the dorsal-anterior signals of the follicular epithelium. Crucial for lipid uptake by the oocyte, patency is also exploited by endosymbionts such asSpiroplasma pulsonii. Our findings reveal an evolutionarily conserved non-typical epithelial function in a classic model system.