bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN ANTARA RELASI GURU-ANAK DENGAN KEMAMPUAN KEAKSARAAN ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN
Authors: Hapsari Pudagiwa Nur Fitri , Rahmawati Anayanti , Jumiatmoko Jumiatmoko 
Published: September 2020

<p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong> Relasi guru-anak merupakan interaksi antara guru dengan anak yang terjadi dalam lingkungan sekolah. Jalinan interaksi guru dengan anak penting karena dapat mempengaruhi capaian kemampuan anak dalam berbagai aspek perkembangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara relasi guru-anak dengan kemampuan keaksaraan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kuantitatif korelasional. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 121 anak TK Kelompok B Se-Gugus 8 Jasmine Laweyan Surakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang diisi oleh guru kelas. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi. Uji hipotesis penelitian ini menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman rho yang menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 &lt; 0,05 yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara relasi guru-anak dengan kemampuan keaksaraan anak. Koefisien korelasi yang didapatkan sebesar 0,350 yang menunjukan arah hubungan positif. Kondisi ini berarti relasi guru-anak yang baik berhubungan dengan peningkatan kemampuan keaksaraan anak, artinya apabila terdapat relasi dengan dimensi kedekatan antara guru-anak memiliki intensitas yang tinggi dan dimensi konflik antara guru-anak memiliki intensitas yang rendah maka kemampuan keaksaraan anak akan dapat berkembang dengan baik.</p><p> </p><p align="left"><strong>Kata kunci </strong>: relasi guru-anak, keaksaraan, anak usia 5-6 tahun</p><p><strong><em>ABSTRACT </em></strong>Teacher-child relationships were interaction between teacher and children in the school. Interaction of teacher and children was very important because teacher could affect achievement of developmental aspects. The purpose of this study was to find out whether was a correlation between teacher-child relationships with early literacy children. This research was correlation quantitative. This research sample included 121 children of kindergarten Group B at 8 Jasmine Cluster Laweyan Surakarta. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaires answered by class teacher. Data analysis used by correlation. Hypothesis test of this research used Spearman rho correlation analysis showed that the significamce value was 0,000 &lt; 0,05 which meant the hypothesis was accepted, namely the correlation between the teacher-child relationships with early literacy children. Correlation coefficient of 0,350, the direction of the correlation showed a positive sign.This condition meant that a good teacher-child relationships related to the improvement of childrens early literacy, This means that if there was a relationship with the dimension of closeness between teacher-child had a high intensity and the dimension of conflict between teacher-child had a low intensity, the child's literacy ability would develop.</p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: </em><em>teacher-child relationships</em><em>, early Literacy,</em><em> </em><em>5-6 Years Old Children</em></p>
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN UTANG PADA PERUSAHAAN NON KEUANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2015
Authors: Widya Diqa Hazna , Sumiati Ati 
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this research was to study the significant effect of Managerial Ownership and Dividend Policy to Debt Policy The Non-Financial sector on Listed Companies in Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2015. The method used is quantitative descriptive survey method with a descriptive and statistical analysis and regression approach. The research using the secondary data obtained from the reference center Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015. Variable X as the independent variable is Managerial Ownership in measured by Managerial Ownership Ratio (MOWN) and Dividend Policy in measured by Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR). Meanwhile variable Y is proxied by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER). The sampling technique was conducted by random sampling. The attainable population in this research were all manufacture companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange and the sample used by the computation Isaac Michael is 47 companies.The simple linier regression and resulted Å¶=0,780+0,018X1+0,122X2. The result of this research concluded that Managerial Ownership has not affect the Debt Policy where Thitung of Managerial Ownership is 0,625 smaller than Ttabel amounted to 2,000 and Dividend Policy in has positive and significant effect the Debt Policy where Thitung of Dividend Policy is 2,192 and Ttabel amounted to 2,000. In simultan. The Influence Between Managerial Ownership and Dividend Policy with Debt Policy is not significantly related. The ability of the Managerial Ownership and Dividend Policy explain Debt Policy is 10,30%.
Keyword : Managerial Ownership, Dividend Policy, Debt Policy
AKUNTABILITAS DAN TRANSPARANSI PELAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH SERTA POTENSI WHISTLEBLOWING ATAS PENYALAHGUNAAN DANA
Authors: Saputra Anggi , Utami Intiyas , Kristianti Ika 
Published: September 2020

The high level of corruption in the Indonesian government sector makes good governance difficult to achieve. Accountability and transparency is a must in the effort to realize good governance. The efforts to reduce the level of corruption in Indonesia is the awareness of civil servants to disclose the fraud in the workplace agencies. This research uses qualitative methods with the aim to describe the implementation of accountability and transparency of local government financial reporting as well as identify potential whistleblowing for misuse of funds. This research uses primary data in the form of in-depth interviews with informants and secondary data in the form of financial statements of Salatiga local government that has been audited by BPK. The resource persons in this research are civil servants domiciled in Salatiga City and work in SKPD Salatiga City in the finance department of each SKPD. The results of this research indicate that Salatiga City Government has been accountable and transparent in local government financial reporting as well as there is no potential whistleblowing for misuse of funds. The results of this research can be used as an evaluation material for government agencies to establish a good whistleblowing mechanism so that civil servants working in government agencies are more willing to disclose the fraud.
Keywords: Accountability, Civil Servant, Good governance, Transparency, Whistleblowing.
Matrix Reference Materials Development for Food Safety Application in Philippine Products
Authors: Ebarvia Benilda Sacop , Cabanilla Sharlene Rayo , Dacuya Aaron Cultivo , Cruz Alma Bustamante , Tongson Alleni Biglete , Cortez Cyril Cabase , Aganda Kim Christopher , Mamplata Natividad Ramos 
Published: September 2020

<p>The development of RMs was pioneered in the Philippines by the Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI) - DOST as part of its vision to establish metrological traceability and support the RMs needs of chemical testing laboratories in the country. Food safety issues for chemical testing of Philippine products were prioritized in this activity as these could affect the health of consumers and trade issues. Reference methods used for the provision of reference value was developed and validated for contaminants like histamine and benzoic acid in canned tuna and mango juice respectively. The materials were prepared and characterized and found to be homogeneous and stable for at least six (6) months. The reference value assigned to these RMs was done using a higher order method like isotope dilution technique coupled with Liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (LCMSMS). Results were also cross-checked using gravimetric technique for High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Certified RMs purchased from Metrology Institutes were also used to further support traceability of measurements. Philippine product RMs were developed for histamine and benzoic acid. The measurement traceability was disseminated by ITDI to local testing laboratories through the Proficiency Test schemes organized and conducted for the said analytes. </p>
Anti-inflammatory protein TNFα-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) reduces inflammatory response after brain injury in mice
Authors: Mutoji Kazadi Nadine , Sun Mingxia , Nash Amanda , Puri Sudan , Hascall Vincent , Coulson-Thomas Vivien J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Current research suggests that the glial scar surrounding penetrating brain injuries is instrumental in preserving the surrounding uninjured tissue by limiting the inflammatory response to the injury site. We recently showed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), a well-established anti-inflammatory molecule, is present within the glial scar. We hereby investigate the role of TSG-6 within the glial scar.Methods: TSG-6 null and littermate control mice were subjected to penetrating brain injuries (2 mm puncture wound to the frontal cortex), after which both the injury site and remaining injured hemisphere were analyzed. The presence of activated astrocytes, inflammatory markers and glial scar components was evaluated by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence. Results: Our findings show that mice lacking TSG-6 present a more severe inflammatory response after injury, which is correlated with an enlarged area of astrogliosis beyond the injury site.Conclusion: Our data provides evidence that TSG-6 has an anti-inflammatory role within the glial scar.
Perioperative Hypoalbuminemia is a Risk Factor for Wound Complications Following Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
Authors: He Zhongyuan , Zhou Kai , Tang Ke , Quan Zhengxue , Liu Shaoyu , Su Bao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Although serum albumin levels are increasingly used as an indicator of nutritional status in the clinic, the relationship between perioperative hypoalbuminemia and wound complications after posterior lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar degenerative disease remains ambiguous. The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative serum albumin in relation to postoperative wound complications after posterior lumbar interbody fusion in the treatment of single-segment lumbar degenerative disease.Material and methods: We reviewed patients who underwent single-segment posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery from December 2014 to April 2017 in the Department of Orthopedics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Perioperative (preoperative and early postoperative) serum albumin levels were assessed in all patients and were used to quantify nutritional status. We divided the patients into a surgical wound dehiscence (SWD) group and a normal wound healing group, and into a surgical site infection (SSI) group and a non-SSI group. To evaluate the relationship between perioperative serum albumin level and postoperative wound complications, we conducted univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses.Results: A total of 554 patients were enrolled in the study. The univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis of these differences showed that preoperative serum albumin <3.5 g/dl (P =0.001) and postoperative serum albumin <3.0 g/dl (P =0.001) were significantly correlated to SWD. There were also significant differences between the SSI groups in terms of preoperative serum albumin <3.5 g/dl (P=0.001), Chronic steroid use (P=0.003). Additionally, the increased hospitalization costs (P<0.001) and length of hospitalization (P<0.001) were statistically significant for patients with perioperative hypoalbuminemia.Conclusions: For patients who underwent single-segment posterior lumbar interbody fusion surgery, we need to pay more attention to perioperative hypoalbuminemia and chronic steroid use, which are more likely to be associated with increased wound complications, hospitalization costs and length of hospitalization after surgery. Adequate assessment and management of these risk factors will help reduce wound complications and hospital stays for surgical patients and will save medical costs.
Can natural language processing help differentiate inflammatory intestinal diseases in China? Models applying random forest and convolutional neural network approaches
Authors: Tong Yuanren , Lu Keming , Yang Yingyun , Li Ji , Lin Yucong , Wu Dong , Yang Aiming , li yue , Yu Sheng , Qian Jiaming 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Differentiating between ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn’s disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) using endoscopy is challenging. We aimed to realize automatic differential diagnosis among these diseases through machine learning algorithms. Methods: A total of 6399 consecutive patients (5128 UC, 875 CD and 396 ITB) who had undergone colonoscopy examinations in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2008 to November 2018 were enrolled. The input was the description of the endoscopic image in the form of free text. Word segmentation and key word filtering were conducted as data preprocessing. Random forest (RF) and convolutional neural network (CNN) approaches were applied to different disease entities. Three two-class classifiers (UC and CD, UC and ITB, and CD and ITB) and a three-class classifier (UC, CD and ITB) were built. Results: The classifiers built in this research performed well, and the CNN had better performance in general. The RF sensitivities/specificities of UC-CD, UC-ITB, and CD-ITB were 0.89/0.84, 0.83/0.82, and 0.72/0.77, respectively, while the values for the CNN of CD-ITB were 0.90/0.77. The precisions/recalls of UC-CD-ITB when employing RF were 0.97/0.97, 0.65/0.53, and 0.68/0.76, respectively, and when employing the CNN were 0.99/0.97, 0.87/0.83, and 0.52/0.81, respectively.Conclusions: Classifiers built by RF and CNN approaches had excellent performance when classifying UC with CD or ITB. For the differentiation of CD and ITB, high specificity and sensitivity were achieved as well. Artificial intelligence through machine learning is very promising in helping unexperienced endoscopists differentiate inflammatory intestinal diseases.
Dietary Patterns of University Students in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sbaih Raneen Abu , Hourani Huda M. Al , Khader Yousef , Khawaja Nahla , Hyassat Dana , Ajlouni Kamel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: University students might have poor diet quality. The aim of this study is to identify the dietary patterns of university students and assess their association with different socio-demographic, anthropometric and lifestyle factors. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted on students attending the University of Jordan, in a time period between September and November 2019. METHODS: A total of 664 students (469 females and 195 males aged between 17-30 years with a mean age (SD) of 19.7± 1.8), were included in this study. Data was collected using a survey consistent of two parts; socio-demographic, lifestyle, eating habits questions and a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The FFQ consisted of 55 food items/subgroups, and was specifically designed for this study. Body weight and height were measured by a trained dietitian. Principle component analysis was used to generate the dietary patterns. Associations between dietary patterns with different variables were measured through general linear modelling.RESULTS: Three main dietary patterns were identified: ‘snacking’, ‘healthy’ and ‘accessible’. Mean factor scores of the snacking pattern increased with less healthy aspects such as obesity or being underweight, smoking and being physically inactive. While factor scores for the healthy pattern increased with healthier aspects such as physically activity, having three or more meals per day and considering breakfast as the main meal of the day, and this pattern was largely followed by male students. Finally, the accessible pattern had higher scores for students living with their family and having three or more meals per day. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide an understanding to the dietary patterns of university students along with related factors (socio-demographic, lifestyle, eating habits). It has identified a number of precursors of both healthy and unhealthy dietary practices. These finding are important for the conceptualization of multi behavioral programs and public health interventions.
Effect of Diabetes and Admission Blood Glucose Levels on Short-term Outcomes in Patients with Critical illnesses: A Real-world Study Based on Propensity Score Analyses
Authors: Lin Shan , Ge Shanhui , He Wanmei , Zeng Mian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Effect of diabetes and optimal range of blood glucose level on the short-term prognosis in patients with critical illnesses are currently ambiguous. We aimed to determine whether diabetes affects short-term prognosis and optimal range of blood glucose level for critically ill patients.Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of data on 46,476 critically ill patients from the critical care database (version 1.4), collected prospectively between 2002 and 2012. Association of diabetes with 28-day mortality was assessed by inverse probability weighting based on the propensity score. Smoothing splines and threshold effect analysis were applied to explore the optimal glucose range.Results: Of the 33,680 patients enrolled in the study, 8,701 (25.83%) had diabetes. In the main analysis, the 28-day mortality was reduced by 29% (hazard ratio (HR)=0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67-0.76) in patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. The E-value of 2.17 indicated robustness to unmeasured confounders. The effect of the association between with diabetes and 28-day mortality was generally in line for all subgroup variables, significant interactions were observed for glucose at ICU admission, admission type, and insulin use (Interaction P <0.05). A V-shaped relationship was observed between glucose and 28-day mortality in patients without diabetes, with the lowest 28-day mortality corresponding to the glucose level was 101.75 mg/dl (95% CI 94.64-105.80 mg/dl), and hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia should be avoided, especially in patients admitted to the surgical intensive care unit (SICU), cardiac surgery recovery unit (CSRU), and coronary care unit (CCU); for patients with diabetes, no optimal threshold for glucose was found, and elevated blood glucose does not appear to be associated with a poor prognosis, and perhaps may be beneficial except for CCU and CSRU.Conclusions: The non-detrimental effect of diabetes on the short-term prognosis of critically ill patients was further confirmed, which would reduce 28-day mortality by approximately 29%. For patients without diabetes, the glucose level corresponding to the lowest 28-day mortality was 101.75 mg/dl (95% CI 94.64-105.80 mg/dl); however, for patients with diabetes, the appropriate optimal blood glucose threshold remains unresolved.
The Role of Health Facilities in Supporting Adherence to Iron-folic Acid in Haiti and Malawi: A Study Linking Health Facility Survey and Population Survey Data
Authors: Wang Wenjuan , Benedict Rukundo , Mallick Lindsay 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation during pregnancy is key to prevent maternal anemia. In Malawi and Haiti, consumption of IFA supplements remains suboptimal. This study examined the IFA-related services provided in health facilities and their association with women’s adherence to IFA supplementation during pregnancy.Methods: This study used data from the Demographic and Health surveys (DHS) and the Service Provision Assessment (SPA) in Haiti and Malawi. Using GPS data collected in both surveys, each DHS cluster was linked to health facilities surveyed in the SPA within a specified buffer distance (5 km for urban areas and 10 km for rural areas). IFA-related services were examined for health facilities within the buffer, including the availability of IFA supplements, prescription of IFA, and client counseling on IFA. Adherence to IFA supplementation was examined for women who received antenatal care (ANC) for their most recent live birth in the 2 years preceding the DHS survey. Multilevel logistic regressions stratified by urban and rural locale were used to model associations between women’s consumption of IFA supplements and the health facility service environment, controlling for relevant covariates.Results: More than two-thirds of facilities with ANC services in Haiti and almost all ANC facilities in Malawi had IFA supplements available. Over 60% of ANC clients in Haiti and over 80% in Malawi received IFA supplements or an IFA prescription. Counseling on IFA was less common and focused on how to use IFA; few women were counseled on side effects. Only 42% of women in Haiti and 35% of women in Malawi took IFA supplements for at least 90 days. Multivariable models indicated that in both countries, adherence to IFA supplementation in rural areas was significantly associated with a high level of availability of ANC facilities offering IFA. IFA counseling was also positively associated with the IFA supplement adherence in rural Malawi but not in Haiti. IFA supplement adherence was consistently associated with the completion of four or more ANC visits in both countries.Conclusions: Continued efforts are required to address access to IFA supplements through improving both the use of ANC services and their quality, particularly in provider counseling.
Referral Patterns of Paediatricians and General Medical Practitioners to Paediatric Dental Clinics and Oral Health Knowledge in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Alhowaish Latifa , Aljohar Aziza , Arafa Mostafa , Almarshed Lujane , Binrabbaa Reem , Albabtain Sara 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The single most chronic disease impacting children on an international scale is dental caries; there are alerts to deaths of children as a result of the complications caused by dental caries, despite the fact that this disease is completely preventable. This study aims to evaluate physicians’ dental knowledge, preventive measures they would provide and their referral patterns to paediatric dentists.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Certified paediatricians and general practitioners (GPs) from different sectors were invited to participate. The survey comprised 24 questions, distributed into 5 sections; demographic data, dental knowledge, participation in oral preventive measures, case scenarios and one question about participants’ opinion in implementing oral health rotations in the paediatric residency program. Results: 406 physicians participated in the study. Only 4.4 % of the participants answered all the knowledge questions correctly, the mean correct knowledge score was 2.95 ± 0.9937 out of 5. No significant difference was detected in the total knowledge score according to gender (P= 0.315), specialty and years of experience (P= 0.463 and 0.985 respectively). Common causes for referral were dental pain or swelling (67%) followed by a child with dental caries (43.6%). Less than 60% of the respondents would refer children to any dentist in the same hospital, while only 28 % only advise parents to consult a dentist. Most physicians suggested the addition of an oral health rotation in the medical residency program.Conclusions: The current level of oral health knowledge is not satisfactory to provide effective paediatric patients referrals to dentists, although their attitude towards providing oral preventive measures is good. Oral health knowledge and engagement should be emphasized in medical schools. Early and correct referral can be effective in preventing oral disease. The integration of oral health in undergraduate and specialty training curricula is vital to achieve disease prevention goals.