bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monika Polit, Odpowiedź recenzentkom „Moja żydowska dusza nie obawia się dnia sądu”. Mordechaj Chaim Rumkowski. Prawda i zmyślenie
Authors: Polit Monika 
Published: November 2020

Korzystając z prawa odpowiedzi, pragnę się odnieść do tekstów recenzentek mojej książki poświęconej Mordechajowi Rumkowskiemu. Z uwagi na obszerność wypowiedzi Agnieszki Żółkiewskiej w pierwszej kolejności odpowiem na jej krytyczne uwagi, by następnie krótko odnieść się do zarzutów stawianych mi przez Andreę Löw.
Włoski ogród historii. Rzym, Ferrara, Mediolan – nowe projekty na mapie żydowskich muzeów we Włoszech
Authors: Schnepf-Kołacz Zuzanna 
Published: November 2020

Tematyka zagłady Żydów jest znacząco obecna w życiu publicznym Włoch. Międzynarodowy Dzień Pamięci o Ofiarach Holokaustu jest powszechnie obchodzony w większych i mniejszych miastach: w szkołach, urzędach, instytucjach kultury. Nawet w małych miejscowościach władze fundują pomniki dla ofiar Szoa, a sieć popularnych supermarketów organizuje zbiórkę pieniędzy do puszek przy kasach na budowę memoriału Zagłady w Mediolanie.
Medycyna obozowa. O tym jak chorowali, cierpieli i umierali żydowscy robotnicy w obozach pracy przymusowej w Poznaniu (1941–1943)
Authors: Ziółkowska Anna 
Published: November 2020

W okresie okupacji niemieckiej w Poznaniu w latach 1941–1943 funkcjonowało łącznie 29 obozów pracy przymusowej dla Żydów. Deportowano do nich przede wszystkim kobiety i mężczyzn z getta łódzkiego, a także z tzw. gett prowincjonalnych Kraju Warty. Zostali oni skierowani do ciężkich robót ziemnych na terenie Poznania i w najbliższej okolicy.
Warunki egzystencji więźniów, zasady ich wyżywienia, zakwaterowania, zaopatrzenia w odzież, opieka medyczna regulowane były przez rozmaite rozporządzenia wydane przez administrację niemiecką Kraju Warty. Szczególnie dramatycznie przedstawiała się sytuacja zdrowotna Żydów osadzonych w obozach. Cierpieli oni na różne choroby zakaźne, dolegliwości układu pokarmowego, ich ciała pokrywały liczne owrzodzenia, rany. Szczególnie szybko rozprzestrzeniającą się chorobą, na którą zapadała większość więźniów, był dur plamisty. Walka z tą chorobą, podjęta ze względu na groźbę jej rozprzestrzenienia się, spowodowała, że do opieki medycznej nad więźniami skierowano z Berlina kilku lekarzy żydowskich. Zabiegi o pozyskanie dla obozów lekarzy czynili także sami właściciele firm niemieckich, wyłącznie w trosce o własny interes. Wobec powszechnie odczuwanego niedostatku lekarstw, braku niezbędnych instrumentów medycznych, zakazu leczenia szpitalnego Żydów, a także niemożności utrzymania higieny i czystości w obozach lekarze mieli ograniczone możliwości udzielania pomocy chorym. Utworzony w mieście szpital żydowski nie spełniał przy tym żadnych warunków leczniczo-sanitarnych, a dla wielu tam wysłanych był miejscem ostatnich chwil ich życia.
Z dziewięciu lekarzy żydowskich skierowanych do Poznania, których nazwiska zdołano ustalić, tylko trzem udało się doczekać zakończenia drugiej wojny światowej.
Janina Ludawska in memoriam
Authors: Wilk Marcin , Prochwicz Marta 
Published: November 2020

Janina Ludawska to tak naprawdę Janina Halperson, urodzona pod koniec 1921 roku. Mieszkała w Warszawie przy ulicy Dzielnej z rodzicami i starszym o 19. lat bratem. Jak w wielu domach, i tu matka zajmowała się przede wszystkim gospodarstwem. Pieniądze przynosił ojciec, który jako komiwojażer od lat podróżował po całym Cesarstwie Rosyjskim.
– W latach dwudziestych i trzydziestych jeździł po Rosji i sprzedawał: torebki, parasolki, paski – mówi Janina Ludawska. – Nie powodziło nam się najlepiej materialnie, ale nie głodowaliśmy. Zdarzało się jednak, że gaz i telefon były zamknięte ...
The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Organizational Performance
Authors: Krén Heléna , Séllei Beatrix 
Published: November 2020

Emotional intelligence may affect organizational performance, and the aim of our research was to examine whether this statement can be proven in the case of financially successful organizations or not. Information about leaders has been derived from online surveys with Genos EI and also from interviews, and we gathered data about organizational success from the national TAX system. Leaders usually determine group and organizational effectiveness, so we analyzed data from 22 leaders working in successful Hungarian companies. According to our results, some emotional competencies correlate with performance. In this case self-awareness, awareness of others and self-management seemed to affect organizational performance. In our regression analysis, self-awareness seemed to be a predictor variable of performance. The relationship between emotional intelligence and performance should be examined further by expanding on the analysis of other performance indicators and leadership styles.
Síndrome de Burnout: estresse e o trabalho do enfermeiro intensivista
Authors: Silva Felipe Matos da , Ramalho Dhaniel Lemos de Oliveira , Cunha Rafael Alves da , Lopes Graciana de Sousa 
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: analisar os estressores relacionados à síndrome de Burnout em enfermeiros intensivistas. Método: Esse trabalho trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com abordagem qualitativa, elaborado a partir de levantamento bibliográfico, utilizando livros e artigos científicos. Foram utilizadas as bibliotecas virtuais de pesquisa na coleta de dados: Biblioteca Científica Eletrônica Online (SCIELO) e Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Resultados: é evidenciado na literatura que o enfermeiro da UTI tem mais proximidade ao estresse laboral, além de ter o sono prejudicado pelo excesso de carga de trabalho, o que acaba sendo um fator relevante quando falamos de qualidade do serviço prestado e saúde do trabalhador, e desta forma é o mais acometido pela Síndrome de Burnout. Conclusão: Referente à síndrome de burnout, constata-se a importância dos cuidados com o trabalhador para que não adoeça e se camufle com os problemas relacionados ao desgaste mental, pois sabemos como é exaustiva a atividade do enfermeiro intensivista, assim como é importante a execução correta das condutas inerentes ao seu desenvolvimento laboral.
Identification of Uncommon Cryptosporidiumviatorum (a Novel Subtype XVcA2G1c) and Cryptosporidium andersoni as Well as Common Giardia duodenalis Assemblages A and B in Humans in Myanmar
Authors: Wu Yanchen , Gong Baiyan , Liu Xiaohua , Jiang Yanyan , Cao Jianping , Yao Lan , Li He , Liu Aiqin , Shen Yujuan 
Published: November 2020

Cryptosporidium and Giardia are two important zoonotic intestinal protozoa responsible for diarrheal diseases in humans and animals worldwide. Feces from infected hosts, water and food contaminated by Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts as well as predictors such as poverty have been involved in their transmission. Myanmar is one of the world’s most impoverished countries. To date, there are few epidemiological studies of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in humans. To understand the prevalence and genetic characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in humans in Myanmar, a molecular epidemiological investigation of the two protozoa was conducted in four villages of Shan State. 172 fecal specimens were collected from Wa people (one each) and identified for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis by sequence analysis of their respective small subunit ribosomal RNA genes. 1.74% of investigated people were infected with Cryptosporidium spp.—C. andersoni (n = 2) and C. viatorum (n = 1) while 11.05% infected with G. duodenalis—assemblages A (n = 6) and B (n = 13). By sequence analysis of 60-kDa glycoprotein gene, the C. viatorum isolate belonged to a novel subtype XVcA2G1c. DNA preparations positive for G. duodenalis were further subtyped. Five of them were amplified and sequenced successfully: different assemblage B sequences (n = 2) at the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) locus; sub-assemblage AII sequence (n = 1) and identical assemblage B sequences (n = 2) at the β-giardin (bg) locus. This is the first molecular epidemiological study of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis in humans in Myanmar at both genotype and subtype levels. Due to unclear transmission patterns and dynamics of Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis, future research effort should focus on molecular epidemiological investigations of the two parasites in humans and animals living in close contact in the investigated areas, even in whole Myanmar. These data will aid in making efficient control strategies to intervene with and prevent occurrence of both diseases.
Risk Factors for Patient–Ventilator Asynchrony and Its Impact on Clinical Outcomes: Analytics Based on Deep Learning Algorithm
Authors: Ge Huiqing , Duan Kailiang , Wang Jimei , Jiang Liuqing , Zhang Lingwei , Zhou Yuhan , Fang Luping , Heunks Leo M. A. , Pan Qing , Zhang Zhongheng 
Published: November 2020

Background and objectives: Patient–ventilator asynchronies (PVAs) are common in mechanically ventilated patients. However, the epidemiology of PVAs and its impact on clinical outcome remains controversial. The current study aims to evaluate the epidemiology and risk factors of PVAs and their impact on clinical outcomes using big data analytics.Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital; all patients with mechanical ventilation from June to December 2019 were included for analysis. Negative binomial regression and distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) were used to explore risk factors for PVAs. PVAs were included as a time-varying covariate into Cox regression models to investigate its influence on the hazard of mortality and ventilator-associated events (VAEs).Results: A total of 146 patients involving 50,124 h and 51,451,138 respiratory cycles were analyzed. The overall mortality rate was 15.6%. Double triggering was less likely to occur during day hours (RR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.85–0.90; p &lt; 0.001) and occurred most frequently in pressure control ventilation (PCV) mode (median: 3; IQR: 1–9 per hour). Ineffective effort was more likely to occur during day time (RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.05–1.13; p &lt; 0.001), and occurred most frequently in PSV mode (median: 8; IQR: 2–29 per hour). The effect of sedatives and analgesics showed temporal patterns in DLNM. PVAs were not associated mortality and VAE in Cox regression models with time-varying covariates.Conclusions: Our study showed that counts of PVAs were significantly influenced by time of the day, ventilation mode, ventilation settings (e.g., tidal volume and plateau pressure), and sedatives and analgesics. However, PVAs were not associated with the hazard of VAE or mortality after adjusting for protective ventilation strategies such as tidal volume, plateau pressure, and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP).
Improving the Quality of Dementia Care in General Practice: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Bourque Meghan , Foley Tony 
Published: November 2020

Background: General Practitioners (GPs) play a central role in caring for people with dementia. There is a growing demand for GP-led community-based dementia care, as advocated in the Irish National Dementia Strategy (INDS). However, there is a paucity of research exploring GPs' views on dementia care since publication of the INDS. The aim of this qualitative study is to develop a deeper understanding of how to improve the quality of dementia care in General Practice, explored from the perspective of Irish GPs.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs. GPs who completed the “Dementia in Primary Care” CPD module at University College Cork in Ireland were purposively recruited. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by thematic analysis.Results: 12 interviews were conducted with 7 female and 5 male participants. Experience in General Practice ranged from 3 to 32 years. Most GPs practiced in mixed urban-rural settings (n = 9) and had nursing home commitments (n = 8). The average interview length was 45 minutes. Six major themes emerged from the data set, including resourcing primary care, addressing disparities in secondary care, community-centered care as patient-centered care, linking a dementia network, universal access to care, and raising public awareness.Conclusion: GPs find dementia care to be a complex and challenging aspect of primary care. While education and training is advocated by GPs, service delivery must be reconfigured. This will necessitate adequate financial resourcing and the restructuring of community-based dementia care services.
Characterization of the Prognostic Values of the CXCR1-7 in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) Microenvironment
Authors: Wu Zhulin , Zhang Yingzhao , Chen Xiang , Tan Wanjun , He Li , Peng Lisheng 
Published: November 2020

Background:As cancer immunotherapy has become a hot research topic, the values of CXC chemokine receptors (CXCRs) in tumor microenvironment have been increasingly realized. More and more evidence showed that the aberrant expression of CXCRs is closely related to the prognosis of various cancers. However, prognostic values and the exact roles of different CXCRs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have not yet been elucidated.Methods:To further evaluate the potential of seven CXCRs as prognostic biomarkers for ccRCC, multiple online analysis tools, including ONCOMINE, UALCAN (TCGA dataset), Kaplan–Meier Plotter, MethSurv, cBioPortal, GEPIA, Metascape, and TIMER databases, were utilized in our research.Results:The mRNA expression of CXCR4/6/7 was significantly increased in ccRCC patients, and all CXCRs are remarkably related to tumor stage or grade of ccRCC. Higher levels of CXCR3/4/5/6 expression were correlated with worse overall survival (OS) in patients with ccRCC, while higher expression of CXCR2 was associated with better OS. 23.14% mutation rate (118/510) of CXCR1-7 was observed in ccRCC patients, and the genetic alterations in CXCRs were related to worse OS and progression-free survival in ccRCC patients. Additionally, 53 CpGs of CXCR1-7 showed significant prognostic values. For functional enrichment, our results showed that CXCRs and their similar genes may be involved in cancer-associated pathways, immune process, and angiogenesis, etc. Besides, CXCRs were significantly correlated with multiple immune cells (e.g., CD8+ T cell, CD4+ cell, and dendritic cell).Conclusion:This study explored the potential prognostic values and roles of the CXCRs in ccRCC microenvironment. Our results suggested that CXCR4 and CXCR6 could be the prognostic biomarkers for the patients with ccRCC.
Applications of Non-invasive Neuromodulation for the Management of Disorders Related to COVID-19
Authors: Baptista Abrahão Fontes , Baltar Adriana , Okano Alexandre Hideki , Moreira Alexandre , Campos Ana Carolina Pinheiro , Fernandes Ana Mércia , Brunoni André Russowsky , Badran Bashar W. , Tanaka Clarice , de Andrade Daniel Ciampi , da Silva Machado Daniel Gomes , Morya Edgard , Trujillo Eduardo , Swami Jaiti K. , Camprodon Joan A. , Monte-Silva Katia , Sá Katia Nunes , Nunes Isadora , Goulardins Juliana Barbosa , Bikson Marom , Sudbrack-Oliveira Pedro , de Carvalho Priscila , Duarte-Moreira Rafael Jardim , Pagano Rosana Lima , Shinjo Samuel Katsuyuki , Zana Yossi 
Published: November 2020

Background: Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) morbidity is not restricted to the respiratory system, but also affects the nervous system. Non-invasive neuromodulation may be useful in the treatment of the disorders associated with COVID-19.Objective: To describe the rationale and empirical basis of the use of non-invasive neuromodulation in the management of patients with COVID-10 and related disorders.Methods: We summarize COVID-19 pathophysiology with emphasis of direct neuroinvasiveness, neuroimmune response and inflammation, autonomic balance and neurological, musculoskeletal and neuropsychiatric sequela. This supports the development of a framework for advancing applications of non-invasive neuromodulation in the management COVID-19 and related disorders.Results: Non-invasive neuromodulation may manage disorders associated with COVID-19 through four pathways: (1) Direct infection mitigation through the stimulation of regions involved in the regulation of systemic anti-inflammatory responses and/or autonomic responses and prevention of neuroinflammation and recovery of respiration; (2) Amelioration of COVID-19 symptoms of musculoskeletal pain and systemic fatigue; (3) Augmenting cognitive and physical rehabilitation following critical illness; and (4) Treating outbreak-related mental distress including neurological and psychiatric disorders exacerbated by surrounding psychosocial stressors related to COVID-19. The selection of the appropriate techniques will depend on the identified target treatment pathway.Conclusion: COVID-19 infection results in a myriad of acute and chronic symptoms, both directly associated with respiratory distress (e.g., rehabilitation) or of yet-to-be-determined etiology (e.g., fatigue). Non-invasive neuromodulation is a toolbox of techniques that based on targeted pathways and empirical evidence (largely in non-COVID-19 patients) can be investigated in the management of patients with COVID-19.
Stereo Perfect Metamaterial Absorber Based on Standing Gear-Shaped Resonant Structure With Wide-Incident-Angle Stability
Authors: Deng Guangsheng , Lv Kun , Sun Hanxiao , Yin Zhiping , Yang Jun 
Published: November 2020

In this work, a single-band metamaterial absorber (MA) based on a three dimensional (3D) resonant structure is presented. The unit cell is composed of a standing gear-shaped resonator, which is embedded in the dielectric substrate. The proposed 3D MA is ultrathin with a total thickness of 2.3 mm, corresponding 0.077λ0 at its center frequency. The simulation results demonstrate a high absorption peak at 10.1 GHz with absorptivity of 99.9%. The proposed 3D MA is insensitive to the polarization of the incident wave due to its rotationally symmetric structure. Moreover, the proposed 3D MA exhibits a wide-incident-angle stability, as absorptivity of more than 85% can be achieved for both TE and TM incidences with incident angle up to 60°. Most importantly, multiband electromagnetic wave absorption of the stereo MA can be enabled by adjusting the structural parameters of the standing gear. The proposed structure is compatible with 3D printing technology and has potential applications in electromagnetic shielding.
Defective Titanium Dioxide-supported Ultrasmall Au Clusters for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqin , Zhang Wenna , Xu Yuanmei , Jin Mingliang 
Published: November 2020

Ultrasmall precious metal clusters have attracted extensive attention for providing a very specific surface and promoting electron transfer. In this work, ultrasmall Au clusters based on defective TiO2 nanosheets (Au/D-TiO2) were prepared and introduced into photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Different defects of TiO2 nanosheets (D-TiO2) were constructed using a heating process and then loaded with Au clusters. Compared with bare TiO2, Au clusters established on defective TiO2 nanosheets with a narrower band gap showed higher light absorption performances, resulting in obviously enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production performances. The Au/D-TiO2 displayed the greatly enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of 3,142.33 μmol h−1 g−1, which was over 45 times than the pure TiO2. The results showed that the catalysts had good prospects in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production.
Immunohistochemical Expression of the Alpha Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor 7 in the Human Normal, Diabetic, and Preeclamptic Placenta and Products of Conception
Authors: Alwazzan Ahmad , Mehboob Riffat , Gilani Syed Amir , Hassan Amber , Perveen Shahida , Tanvir Imrana , Waseem Humaira , Ehsan Kashifa , Ahmad Fridoon Jawad , Akram Javed 
Published: November 2020

Preeclampsia (PE) and gestational diabetes (GD) are complications in advanced pregnancy while miscarriage for early pregnancy. However, the etiological factors are not well understood. Smoking has been associated with these complications as well as the sudden intrauterine deaths, sudden infant death, miscarriages, and still births. However, the immunolocalization of alpha 7 nicotine acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) is not studied.Materials and Methods: α7-nAChR subunit expression was evaluated in 10 paraffin-embedded placental tissues after delivery and 10 tissue samples of products of conception during first trimester by immunohistochemistry. Among the placental tissues, two samples were normal placental tissue, four from PE mother, and four from GD mother. The expression of α7-nAChR was compared between the two groups in general and within the subgroups of placenta as well. Protein expression was evaluated using the nuclear labeling index (%) of villi with positive cells stained, positive cells in the decidua, and intensity of staining in the outer villous trophoblast layer.Results: The expression of α7-nAChR protein was high in all the cases of placenta and products of conception (POCs). α7-nAChR expression showed no notable differences among different cases of miscarriages irrespective of the mother’s age and gestational age at which the event occurred. However, there were some changes among the normal, PE, and GD placental groups in the linings of the blood vessels. Changes were restricted to the villi (as opposed to the decidua) lining cells, both cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast, and were specific to the α7 subunit. PE blood vessel lining was thicker and showed more expression of this receptor in endothelial cells and myofibroblasts in PE and GD groups. In POCs, the strong expression was observed in the decidua myocytes of maternal blood vessels and in syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast of chronic villi.Conclusion: Nicotine acetyl choline receptors are found to be expressed highly in the placental tissues and in products of conception. They may be associated with the sudden perinatal deaths and miscarriages or complications of pregnancy.
La evaluación de los sistemas educativos
Authors: Tiana Alejandro 
Published: November 2020

No cabe duda de que el término «evaluación» es hoy moneda de uso común en cualquier discurso educativo. Con una u otra acepción, asociada a una diversidad de prácticas e impulsada por distintas estrategias políticas, la evaluación suscita un creciente interés en los sistemas educativos contemporáneos.
Fruto de ese interés cada vez más extendido ha sido la notable expansión registrada por la evaluación educativa en los últimos veinticinco años.
Sistema de medición de la calidad de la educación de Chile: SIMCE, algunos problemas de la medición
Authors: Olivares Josefina 
Published: November 2020

Tratando de atender a toda la población interesada en mejorar su nivel educacional, el Sistema educacional chileno se ha organizado en cuatro niveles: parvulario, básico, medio y superior.
La Educación General Básica de 8 años es obligatoria. La educación media se ofrece bajo dos modalidades: Humanístico-Científica y Técnico-Profesional.
Además del Programa de Educación Regular, existen la Educación Extraescolar, la Educación Compensatoria y la de Adultos. La estructura del Sistema se presenta en el cuadro que se incluye a continuación.
Análisis de la creación de la UNESCO
Authors: Monclús Antonio , Saban Carmen 
Published: November 2020

Con ocasión de la celebración del 50 aniversario de la creación de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (UNESCO), se ha tenido ocasión de hablar de los nuevos retos y estrategias que una Organización de estas características debe afrontar de cara al siglo XXI.
Así, paz y desarrollo aparecen como objetivos indispensables e inseparables: la paz es tan indispensable para el desarrollo como éste lo es para la paz.