bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of treatment of acne scars with 25% trichloroacetic acid chemical peel followed by manual dermasanding
Authors: Al‐Hamamy Hayder R. , AL‐Dhalimi Muhsin A. , Abtan Azhar F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcne scars are common problems encountered in daily dermatologic practice.AimsTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of 25% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) alone or followed by manual dermasanding in repeated sessions for the treatment of mild and moderate acne scars.Patients/MethodsThirteen patients (nine females and four males) were enrolled. Twenty‐five percent TCA superficial peel was performed in all patients, followed in 11 of them by manual dermasanding. Thirteen sessions of TCA peeling, one session for each patient, were done, and twenty‐four sessions of dermasanding with different numbers for each patient. Acne scars were graded into a score ranging from 0 to 20, the score was recorded at each visit, and the results were compared.ResultsThe score of scarring acne decreased after TCA peeling and each dermasanding session. The improvement was statistically significant. The improvement continued after the last dermasanding session. After both procedures, no significant complications were recorded except persistent erythema and post‐inflammatory hyperpigmentation, which disappeared in all patients at 3‐month follow‐up visit.ConclusionTrichloroacetic acid superficial peel followed by manual dermasanding in separate sessions was effective and the improvement became more significant after repeated dermasanding sessions for the treatment of mild and moderate acne scars.
DOES INVESTOR PROTECTION INCREASE FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT? A META‐ANALYSIS
Authors: Brada Josef C. , Drabek Zdenek , Iwasaki Ichiro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe undertake a meta‐analysis of the effects of international investment agreements for the protection of foreign investors on foreign direct investment using 2107 estimates drawn from 74 studies. Our meta‐analysis finds robust evidence that effect of international investment agreements is so small as to be considered zero. However, our results do not rule out the possibility that the effect of these agreements is, in fact, positive and that current research methods are insufficiently powerful or precise to identify the underlying genuine effect. FDI from developed countries appears to be more responsive to the existence of investment protection, and there is evidence of publication–selection bias in favour of studies that find a positive effect for investor protection.
Self‐control in early childhood: Individual differences in sensitivity to early parenting
Authors: Ng‐Knight Terry , Schoon Ingrid 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study extends existing research on the role of infant temperament as a moderator of the association between the quality of parent–child relationships and children's self‐control during the pre‐school years. In particular, we focus on the potential moderating role of a dimension of early infant temperament known as behavioral inhibition. Assumptions formulated within the diathesis‐stress, the vantage‐sensitivity, and the differential susceptibility models of individual differences in environmental sensitivity are tested.MethodData are from the Millennium Cohort Study, a nationally representative birth cohort of 18,552 infants born in the United Kingdom during 2000/01.ResultsThe results show that the quality of both mother–child and father–child relationships are associated with children's development of self‐control in early childhood. Additionally, individual differences in infant temperament moderate the association between mother–child conflict and children's development of self‐control. Specifically, high behavioral inhibition shows a vantage‐sensitivity pattern for mother–child conflict.ConclusionsAspects of both mothers' and fathers' relationships with their young children independently predict variations in self‐control. This study also provides an initial indication that behavioral inhibition, a temperamental trait best‐known for being a risk factor for anxiety, may provide small benefits in relation to young children's self‐control development.
Chinese college students' ability to recognize facial expressions based on their meaning‐in‐life profiles: An eye‐tracking study
Authors: Huo Jun‐yu , Wang Xin‐qiang , Ge Ying , Wang Yin‐cheng , Hu Xiao‐yu , Liu Ming‐fan , Ji Li‐Jun , Ye Bao‐juan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivePeople can be categorized into one of four meaning‐in‐life profiles: High Presence High Search (HPHS), High Presence Low Search (HPLS), Low Presence High Search (LPHS), and Low Presence Low Search (LPLS).The main goal of this study is to provide a theoretical explanation for why Chinese people with different meaning‐in‐life profiles have different mental health levels than Western people, based on their emotional‐cognitive‐processing ability.MethodWe adopted eye‐movement analysis and recognition‐judgment experimental paradigm concerning absolute‐recognition judgment and relative‐recognition judgment in our study. Moreover, we applied a multifactor and multilevel mixed‐experimental design. We selected 118 participants for the experiments from the 788 Chinese college students who responded.ResultsOur results showed that HPHS individuals preferred positive‐emotion pictures, LPLS individuals preferred negative‐emotion pictures, HPLS individuals preferred positive‐ and neutral‐emotion pictures, and LPHS individuals preferred neutral‐emotion pictures. Moreover, HPHS individuals were better at accurately processing facial expression from pictures, while LPLS individuals lacked such ability. The fine‐processing ability of HPLS and LPHS individuals was lower than that of HPHS yet higher than that of LPLS individuals. Moreover, the features of HPLS individuals were closer to HPHS, while those of LPHS individuals were closer to LPLS.ConclusionsOur findings support the hypothesis that meaning‐in‐life profiles have different immediate processing abilities and preferences regarding facial expression recognition and different emotional‐cognitive‐processing ability.
Effect of diets containing earthworm powder and vermihumus on egg production, hatchability, blood parameters and immunity of Japanese breeder quails
Authors: Hesami Yaser , Esmaielzadeh Ladan , Karimi‐Torshizi Mohammad Amir , Seidavi Alireza , Vlčková Radoslava 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of earthworm (EW) powder and vermihumus (VH) on the growth performance, humoral immunity response, plasma constituents and reproductive performance of Japanese breeder quails. A total of 336 birds were assigned to seven treatments in a completely randomized design from day 30 to 90 of age. The dietary treatments were carried out, one without any addition of EW and VH, the second had a standard rate of VH at 0.8%, while a range of EW additions was supplied from 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%. The effects of treatments on body weight and mortality were not significant (p > .05). The highest feed intake was observed in birds fed the diets supplemented with 1% and 1.5% EW (p < .05). The highest titre of antibodies against influenza virus and sheep red blood cells belonged to the EW and VH treatments (p < .05). The antibody titre against Newcastle disease virus vaccine was not affected by the treatments. In general, the birds receiving EW and VH had the highest egg weight, egg production and egg mass weight (p < .05). Nonetheless, various levels of EW powder negatively affected hatchability and increased mortality and leg disorders (p < .05). The results showed that the levels of dietary 1% and 1.5% of EW powder gave the best growth and reproductive performance to birds respectively.
Ellenberg N values of bryophytes in Central Europe*
Authors: Simmel Josef , Ahrens Matthias , Poschlod Peter 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe present a list of Ellenberg indicator values N values for Central European bryophytes and the methodology we used to obtain these values. Values are given for 6 hornworts, 255 liverworts, 35 peat mosses, and 772 mosses, i.e., for a total of 1,068 species. We ng the N values for different variables related to bryophyte morphology, taxonomy, Red List status, and ecology. Among the morphological and taxonomical groups, peat mosses, foliose hepatics, and species with porous leaves on average had the lowest N values, while no strong differentiation was found between Red List groups. Ecology and life span exhibited a strong differentiation, with lowest mean values for aquatic and indefinitely growing species, and highest mean values for ecologically rather unspecific and annual species. Furthermore, we compared the bryophyte N values with those of vascular plants and macromycetes from Central Europe.
Murine hepatocytes do not support persistence of Hepatitis D virus mono‐infection in vivo
Authors: Giersch Katja , Hermanussen Lennart , Volz Tassilo , Kah Janine , Allweiss Lena , Casey John , Sureau Camille , Dandri Maura , Lütgehetmann Marc 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgrounds & AimsAs a result of the limited availability of in vivo models for hepatitis D virus (HDV), treatment options for HDV chronically infected patients are still scant. The discovery of sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) as HDV entry receptor has enabled the development of new infection models.AimTo comparatively assess the efficacy and persistence of HDV mono‐infection in murine and human hepatocytes in vivo.MethodsMice with humanized NTCP (hNTCPed84‐87 mice) were generated by editing amino acid residues 84‐87 of murine NTCP in C57BL/6J mice. HDV infection was assessed in hNTCPed84‐87 mice and in immune deficient uPA/SCID/beige (USB) mice, whose livers were reconstituted with human or murine (hNTCPed84‐87) hepatocytes. Livers were analysed between 5 and 42 days post‐HDV inoculation by qRT‐PCR, immunofluorescence and RNA in situ hybridization (ISH).ResultshNTCPed84‐87 mice could be infected with HDV genotype 1 or 3. ISH analysis demonstrated the presence of antigenomic HDV RNA positive murine hepatocytes with both genotypes, proving initiation of HDV replication. Strikingly, murine hepatocytes cleared HDV within 21 days both in immunocompetent hNTCPed84‐87 mice and in immunodeficient USB mice xenografted with murine hepatocytes. In contrast, HDV infection remained stable for at least 42 days in human hepatocytes. Intrinsic innate responses were not enhanced in any of the HDV mono‐infected cells and livers.ConclusionThese findings suggest that in addition to NTCP, further species‐specific factors limit HDV infection efficacy and persistence in murine hepatocytes. Identifying such species barriers may be crucial to develop novel potential therapeutic targets of HDV.
Factors associated with health‐related quality of life in patients with cirrhosis: a systematic review
Authors: Rabiee Anahita , Ximenes Rafael O. , Nikayin Sina , Hickner Andy , Juthani Prerak , Rosen Robert H. , Garcia‐Tsao Guadalupe 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with cirrhosis have a poor health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). Recognizing factors that affect HRQoL is key in delivering patient‐centred care.AimTo identify factors most commonly associated with a poor HRQoL in adults with cirrhosis in a systematic review of the literature.MethodsFour databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and PsycINFO) were searched from inception to March 2020, using terms related to patient‐reported outcomes plus cirrhosis. Studies that analysed an association between at least one factor and HRQoL in adult patients with cirrhosis were included. Abstract and full‐text screening was performed by two reviewers. Data were collected on factors evaluated in each study and the significance of their association with HRQoL.ResultsA total of 10647 citations were reviewed, of which 109 met eligibility criteria. 76% of the studies used a generic instrument while only 45% used liver‐specific instruments. Among identified factors, demographic factors and cirrhosis aetiology were not generally associated with poor HRQoL except for poor social support. Depression, poor sleep and muscle cramps affected HRQoL in all the studies that evaluated them. Among comorbidities, frailty, falls, malnutrition and cognitive impairment were also associated with poor HRQoL in the majority of studies. Among cirrhosis‐specific decompensating events, only hepatic encephalopathy (HE) was consistently associated with impairment in HRQoL (75% of studies).ConclusionMany factors impact poor HRQoL in patients with cirrhosis such as depression, muscle cramps, poor sleep, falls, frailty and malnutrition. Among cirrhosis decompensating events, HE was the complication most commonly associated with a poor HRQoL.
Infant feeding practices and sleep at 1 year of age in the nationwide ELFE cohort
Authors: Messayke Sabine , Davisse‐Paturet Camille , Nicklaus Sophie , Dufourg Marie‐Noëlle , Charles Marie‐Aline , de Lauzon‐Guillain Blandine , Plancoulaine Sabine 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSleep problems reported by parents affect 20% to 30% of infants. Few studies focused on the longitudinal association between infant feeding practices and sleep, especially in France. Analyses were based on 8,696 infants from the French national birth cohort ELFE. Collection of feeding practices from birth to 10 months allowed for the identification of trajectories of use of baby cereals and thickened formula by group‐based trajectory modelling and calculation of duration of any breastfeeding (BF) and age at complementary feeding introduction (CFI) excluding baby cereals. Total sleep duration (TSD), night waking (NW) and sleep onset difficulties (SOD) were reported at age 1. Associations between feeding and sleep were tested by multinomial logistic regressions. BF duration ≥6 months was associated with parent‐reported frequent NW, SOD and TSD ≤ 12 h/24 h at age 1. For TSD and SOD, this association was no longer significant after accounting for parental sleep‐related practices. Early use of baby cereals (≤5 months) was associated with poor sleep. Early CFI (<4 months) was associated with shorter TSD and SOD but not NW. Early use of thickened formula (only <6 months) was related to poor sleep at age 1 (NW and SOD), whereas late (around 6 months) use of thickened formula was associated with better sleep. BF duration ≥6 months was related to poor sleep at age 1 but not after adjustment on 1‐year parental sleep‐related practices except for NW. The use of baby cereals or early CFI was not related to better sleep at age 1.
A clostripain‐like protease plays a major role in generating the secretome of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis
Authors: Pierce Jessica V. , Fellows Justin D. , Anderson D. Eric , Bernstein Harris D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBacteroides fragilis toxin (BFT) is a protein secreted by enterotoxigenic (ETBF) strains of B. fragilis. BFT is synthesized as a proprotein (proBFT) that is predicted to be a lipoprotein and that is cleaved into two discrete fragments by a clostripain‐like protease called fragipain (Fpn). In this study, we obtained evidence that Fpn cleaves proBFT following its transport across the outer membrane. Remarkably, we also found that the disruption of the fpn gene led to a strong reduction in the level of >100 other proteins, many of which are predicted to be lipoproteins, in the culture medium of an ETBF strain. Experiments performed with purified Fpn provided direct evidence that the protease releases at least some of these proteins from the cell surface. The observation that wild‐type cells outcompeted an fpn‐ strain in co‐cultivation assays also supported the notion that Fpn plays an important role in cell physiology and is not simply dedicated to toxin biogenesis. Finally, we found that purified Fpn altered the adhesive properties of HT29 intestinal epithelial cells. Our results suggest that Fpn is a broad‐spectrum protease that not only catalyzes the protein secretion on a wide scale but that also potentially cleaves host cell proteins during colonization.
New way for maxillary nerve block: a technical note
Authors: Cerrato Alessia , Zanette Gastone , Bacci Christian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo describe a technique for the block of the maxillary nerve simpler than those currently present in the literatureMethodsMaxillary nerve block is used to induce regional anaesthesia in the areas innervated by the second branch of the trigeminal nerve. It can be achieved at the point where the maxillary nerve passes through the pterygopalatine fossa, which is accessible via the oral cavity, or using the greater palatine canal technique, or an extra‐oral approach via the maxillary tuberosity.ResultsIn this technical note, we describe a maxillary nerve block involving a method that is easy to implement, and that draws on the maxillary tuberosity approach but relies on more precise landmarks.ConclusionThe block of the maxillary nerve is useful in order to obtain a perfect analgesia in the surgeries that require it, but it is not widely used because of its technical difficulty. This technical note may simplify the procedure.
Are young children with asthma more likely to be less physically active?
Authors: Cassim Raisa , Dharmage Shyamali C. , Peters Rachel L. , Koplin Jennifer J. , Allen Katrina J. , Tang Mimi L. K. , Lowe Adrian J. , Olds Timothy S. , Fraysse Francois , Milanzi Elasma , Russell Melissa A. ,   the HealthNuts Investigators
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research suggests that children who experience asthma may be less physically active; however, results have been inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate whether the presence of asthma or wheeze is associated with lower physical activity levels in children, and whether sex, body mass index or earlier asthma or wheeze status modifies the association.MethodsThis study was conducted in 391 HealthNuts participants in Melbourne, Australia. Asthma and wheeze data were collected via questionnaire at age 4 and 6, and physical activity was measured through accelerometry. Using adjusted linear regression models, the cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations were investigated.ResultsThere was no evidence of a difference in time spent in moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at age 6 years between children with and without asthma at age 4; children with asthma spent 8.3 minutes more time physically active per day (95% CI: −5.6, 22.1, P = .24) than children without asthma. Similar results were seen for children with current wheeze (5.8 minutes per day more, 95% CI: −5.9, 17.5, P = .33) or ever wheeze or asthma (7.7 minutes per day more, 95% CI: −4.8, 20.2, P = .23) at age 4 years. Comparable null results were observed in the cross‐sectional analyses. Interaction with BMI could not be assessed; however, previous asthma or wheeze status and sex were not found to modify these associations.ConclusionThis analysis found no evidence of asthma hindering physical activity in these young children. These results are encouraging, as they indicate that the Australian asthma and physical activity public health campaigns are being effectively communicated and adopted by the public.
Indole primes defence signalling and increases herbivore resistance in tea plants
Authors: Ye Meng , Liu Miaomiao , Erb Matthias , Glauser Gaétan , Zhang Jin , Li Xiwang , Sun Xiaoling 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUpon herbivore attack, plants emit herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs). HIPVs can prime defences and resistance of intact plants. However, how HIPVs are decoded and translated into functional defence responses is not well understood, especially in long‐lived woody plants. Here, we investigated the impact of the aromatic HIPV indole on defence‐related early signalling, phytohormone accumulation, secondary metabolite biosynthesis and herbivore resistance in tea plants. We find that tea plants infested with tea geometrid caterpillars release indole at concentrations >450 ng*hr−1. Exposure to corresponding doses of synthetic indole primes the expression of early defence genes involved in calcium (Ca2+) signalling, MPK signalling and jasmonate biosynthesis. Indole exposure also primes the production of jasmonates and defence‐related secondary metabolites. These changes are associated with higher herbivore resistance of indole‐exposed tea plants. Chemical inhibition of Ca2+ and jasmonate signalling provides evidence that both are required for indole‐mediated defence priming and herbivore resistance. Our systematic assessment of the impact of indole on defence signalling and deployment shows that indole acts by boosting Ca2+ signalling, resulting in enhanced jasmonate‐dependent defence and resistance in a woody plant. Our work extends the molecular basis of HIPV‐induced defence priming from annual plants to an economically important tree species.
Symptom‐orientated oral hygiene for children after heart transplantation: Effectiveness of a standardized prophylactic program
Authors: Schulz‐Weidner Nelly , Bulski Julia C. , Siahi‐Benlarbi Rachida , Bauer Jürgen , Logeswaran Thushiha , Jux Christian , Wetzel Willi‐Eckhard , Krämer Norbert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChildren with CHD, especially heart‐transplanted patients, are predisposed to have caries lesions, gingivitis and other oral findings like gingival hyperplasia. The aim of the study was the implementation of a specific oral hygiene program in these patients and its effect on the improvement of oral health, especially gingival overgrowth. For this, we used a newly developed systematic GHI to evaluate and describe this gingival alteration. Thirty‐three children, aged 6 to 15 years with cardiac transplants (9 girls, 24 boys), were examined and introduced into a specific oral hygiene program. Each child showed evidence of gingival hyperplasia. They were randomly divided into three groups with the following oral care measurements: Group ZZ tooth brushing, Group ZZS tooth brushing and mouth rinsing, Group ZZSS tooth brushing, mouth rinsing and the use of an additional single and sulcus toothbrush. A significant decline of all oral health parameters could be proven in all groups. Gingival hyperplasia (GHI) improved as well as plaque accumulation (QHI). The children who used in addition to toothbrushing rinsing solutions and/or additional miniature toothbrushes showed better parameters of the gingival hygiene indexes from the baseline examination until the end of the study. The results show that any infant with cardiac transplant has to be introduced into an individualized oral hygiene program underlining the need of comprehensive dental care in cooperation with pediatric cardiology.