bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing Intimate Partner Violence and Power in Intimate Relationships in HIV Testing Services in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Haberland Nicole , Ndwiga Charity , McCarthy Katharine , Pulerwitz Julie , Kosgei Rose , Mak’anyengo Margaret , Peltz Amelia , Wong Vincent J. , Kalibala Sam 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntimate partner violence (IPV) undermines women’s uptake of HIV services and violates their human rights. In a two-arm randomized controlled trial we evaluated a short intervention that went a step beyond IPV screening to discuss violence and power with women receiving HIV testing services during antenatal care (ANC). The intervention included training and support for HIV counselors, a take-home card for clients, and an on-site IPV counselor. One third (35%) of women (N = 688) reported experiencing IPV in the past year; 6% were living with HIV. Among women experiencing IPV, program participants were more likely to disclose violence to their counselor than women receiving standard care (32% vs. 7%, p < 0.001). At second ANC visit, intervention group women were significantly more likely to report that talking with their counselor made a positive difference (aOR 2.9; 95% CI 1.8, 4.4; p < 0.001) and felt more confident in how they deserved to be treated (aOR 2.7; 95% CI 1.7, 4.4; p < 0.001). Exploratory analyses of intent to use ARVs to prevent mother-to-child transmission and actions to address violence were also encouraging.
Checklist of the hard tick (Acari: Ixodidae) fauna of Hungary with emphasis on host-associations and the emergence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus
Authors: Hornok Sándor , Kováts Dávid , Horváth Gábor , Kontschán Jenő , Farkas Róbert 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHungary is situated in the southern part of Central Europe, next to the northern boundary of the Mediterranean region. This geographical position may allow the northward expansion of Mediterranean ixodid tick species into Hungary, particularly in the era of warming climate. During the past 14 years numerous surveys have been published on the species and activity of hard ticks occurring in the country. However, it was 60 years ago that the last comprehensive review of ixodid ticks of Hungary was published, and only in Hungarian language. The purpose of the present checklist is to provide a comprehensive and complete overview of the ixodid fauna of Hungary, based on tick reports published so far in Hungarian or English, also including hitherto unpublished data. Altogether 27 hard tick species were identified in Hungary, of which 21 can be regarded as indigenous. Most importantly, the autochthonous occurrence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato was not known prior to 2005, but during the last 14 years increasing numbers of cases have been reported, attesting the emergence of this tick species in Hungary. Whereas R. sanguineus sensu lato was always associated with dogs and cats in Hungary, other tick species show differences in host associations according to habitat type, seasonal activity and questing height. Changes in the distribution, abundance and seasonality of a few tick species were also noted.
Fully Correlated Stochastic Inter-Particle Collision Model for Euler–Lagrange Gas–Solid Flows
Authors: van Wachem Berend , Curran Thomas , Evrard Fabien 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn Lagrangian stochastic collision models, afictitiousparticle is generated to act as a collision partner, with a velocity correlated to the velocity of therealcolliding particle. However, most often, the fluid velocity seen by this fictitious particles is not accounted for in the generation of the fictitious particle velocity, leading to a de-correlation between the fictitious particle velocity and the local fluid velocity, which, after collision, leads to an unrealistic de-correlation of the real particle velocity and the fluid velocity as seen by the particle. This de-correlation, in turn, causes a spurious decrease of the particle kinetic energy, even though the collisions are assumed perfectly elastic. In this paper, we propose a new model in which the generated fictitious particle velocity is correctly correlated to both the real particle velocity and the local fluid velocity at the particle, hence preventing the spurious loss of the total particle kinetic energy. The model is suitable for small inertial particles. Two algorithms for integrating the collision frequency are also compared to each other. The models are validated using large eddy simulation (LES) of mono-dispersed particle-laden stationary homogeneous isotropic turbulence. Simulations are conducted with spherical particles with different turbulent Stokes number,$$St_t = [0.75 - 5.8]$$Stt=[0.75-5.8], and volume fractions,$$\alpha _p = [0.014 - 0.044]$$αp=[0.014-0.044], and are compared to the results of the LES using a deterministic discrete particle simulation model.
Intra-study and inter-technique validation of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging derived left atrial ejection fraction as a prognostic biomarker in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Kanagala Prathap , Arnold Jayanth R. , Singh Anvesha , Khan Jamal N. , Gulsin Gaurav S. , Gupta Pankaj , Squire Iain B. , Ng Leong L. , McCann Gerry P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the agreements of both biplane and short-axis Simpson’s (SAX) methods for left atrial ejection fraction (LAEF) calculation utilising cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and evaluate their relation to clinical outcomes. One hundred and thirty six subjects (HFpEF n = 97, controls n = 39) underwent CMR, six-minute walk tests and blood sampling in our prospective, observational, single-centre study. Overall, LAEF (%) was lower in HFpEF patients compared to controls (SAX 34 ± 13 vs 47 ± 8, biplane 34 ± 16 vs 51 ± 11; p < 0.0001 for both). Atrial fibrillation (AF) was present in 24% of HFpEF and was associated with higher LA volumes and lower LAEF compared to sinus rhythm (p < 0.0001) with both methods. Biplane LAEF correlated strongly with SAX measurements (overall Pearson’s r = 0.851, sinus rhythm r = 0.651, AF r = 0.882; p < 0.0001). Biplane LAEF did not differ significantly compared to SAX LAEF (overall 34 ± 16 vs 34 ± 13%; p = 0.307) except in AF subjects in whom biplane LAEF was lower (mean difference 2 ± 4%, p = 0.013). There were 44 composite events (25 deaths, 19 HF hospitalizations) in HFpEF during median follow-up of 1429 days. LAEF below the median was associated with increased risk of composite endpoints (Log-Rank biplane p < 0.0001; SAX p = 0.009). In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, both biplane LAEF (hazard ratio [HR] 0.604; 95% confidence interval [CI] (0.406–0.900); p = 0.013) and SAX LAEF (HR 0.636; CI 0.441–0.918; p = 0.016) remained independent predictors along with indexed extracellular volume. CMR LAEF, derived from either the short-axis or biplane method is lower in HFpEF compared to healthy controls and remains a strong marker of prognosis.
Grapevine rootstocks can be a source of infection with non-regulated viruses
Authors: Demian Emese , Jaksa-Czotter Nikoletta , Molnar Janos , Tusnady Gabor E. , Kocsis Laszlo , Varallyay Eva 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGrapevine can be infected by several viruses and viroids, the presence of which can lead to yield losses and vineyard decline. Our previous survey of vineyards in Hungary suggested that viral infection originates from infected propagation material. To investigate whether rootstocks can be a source of virus infections, we surveyed seventeen rootstock vineyards and two rootstock collections in Hungary to determine the virome by high-throughput sequencing of small RNAs. The presence of the viruses was also tested by RT-PCR. The results showed that viruses whose presence is routinely checked were almost absent in rootstock vineyards but were present in rootstock genotype collections. Moreover, first the time in Hungary, we detected the presence of Australian grapevine viroid in the rootstock genotype collection at Pecs. In contrast, viruses that are not regulated or not routinely tested, namely, grapevine rupestris stem-pitting-associated virus, grapevine Syrah virus-1 and grapevine Pinot gris virus, were detected in almost all locations in most of the varieties. The presence and absence of infected rootstock genotypes in the same vineyard together with phylogenetic analysis suggested that viral infections originated from infected propagation material. Moreover, we found the symptomatic variant of grapevine Pinot gris virus in several rootstock vineyards without symptoms, suggesting the possibility for leaf mottling and deformation disease symptoms to manifest on susceptible cultivars following grafting onto these rootstocks.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum C-reactive protein in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lakhani Ishan , Wong Michelle Vangi , Hung Joshua Kai Fung , Gong Mengqi , Waleed Khalid Bin , Xia Yunlong , Lee Sharen , Roever Leonardo , Liu Tong , Tse Gary , Leung Keith Sai Kit , Li Ka Hou Christien 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is a major epidemic with rising morbidity and mortality rates that encumber global healthcare systems. While some studies have demonstrated the value of CRP in predicting (i) the development of HFpEF and (ii) long-term clinical outcomes in HFpEF patients, others have shown no such correlation. As a result, we conducted the following systematic review and meta-analysis to assess both the diagnostic and prognostic role of CRP in HFpEF. PubMed and Embase were searched for studies that assess the relationship between CRP and HFpEF using the following search terms: (((C-reactive protein) AND ((preserved ejection fraction) OR (diastolic heart failure))). The search period was from the start of database to August 6, 2019, with no language restrictions. A total of 312 and 233 studies were obtained from PubMed and Embase respectively, from which 19 studies were included. Our meta-analysis demonstrated the value of a high CRP in predicting the development of not only new onset HFpEF (HR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.00–1.16; P = 0.04; I2 = 22%), but also an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality when used as a categorical (HR: 2.52; 95% CI: 1.61–3.96; P < 0.0001; I2 = 19%) or a continuous variable (HR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.04–1.47; P = 0.01; I2 = 28%), as well as all-cause mortality when used as a categorical (HR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.53–2.06; P < 0.00001; I2 = 0%) or a continuous variable: (HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02–1.06; P = 0.003; I2 = 61%) in HFpEF patients. CRP can be used as a biomarker to predict the development of HFpEF and long-term clinical outcomes in HFpEF patients, in turn justifying its use as a simple, accessible parameter to guide clinical management in this patient population. However, more prospective studies are still required to not only explore the utility and dynamicity of CRP in HFpEF but also to determine whether risk stratification algorithms incorporating CRP actually provide a material benefit in improving patient prognosis.
From Acceptance to Adaptive Acceptance of Social Media Policy Change: a Set-Theoretic Analysis of B2B SMEs
Authors: Iannacci Federico , Fearon Colm , Pole Kristine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDrawing on theories of mindfulness, this paper aims to introduce the concept of adaptive acceptance of social media policy change in the context of Business-to-Business (B2B) Small-and-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) based in the South East of England. The paper adopts a quasi-experimental design based on the analysis of multiple cases with each case replicating prior findings either literally or theoretically. The study uses a mix of survey, interview, and electronic data informed by an innovative, set-theoretic approach to distill commonalities within positive cases and differences between positive and negative cases. It shows that attracting new customers and raising the company’s profile are necessary pre-requisites for adaptive acceptance of social media policy changes. In addition, these two conditions combined with learning to use social media effortlessly are jointly sufficient for adaptive acceptance. Theoretical, practical, and methodological implications are discussed.
The Value of Speaking for “Us”: the Relationship Between CEOs’ Use of I- and We-Referencing Language and Subsequent Organizational Performance
Authors: Fladerer Martin P , Haslam S Alexander , Steffens Niklas K , Frey Dieter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCEOs have been argued to play a critical role for organizational performance. However, CEOs cannot achieve success singlehandedly. They rely on other organizational members to execute and implement their agenda and to contribute to organizational success. In the present research, we propose that CEOs serve as identity leaders of their organization who are able to enhance organizational performance by representing and cultivating a sense of shared collective identity (“us”) with those they lead. One way for leaders to do so is through the use of we-referencing (as opposed to I-referencing) language. We examine this idea in a pre-registered study of organizations listed in the DAX (i.e., leading German stock index) between 2000 and 2016, assessing the impact of CEOs’ use of we- and I-referencing language in letters to the stakeholders (N = 378) on objective indicators of organizational financial performance. In line with hypotheses, results show a positive relationship between CEOs’ use of we-referencing language and key indicators of financial performance: return on assets and sales per employee (while there was no evidence of an association with return on sales). At the same time, results indicate that the use of I-referencing language was unrelated to organizational performance. These findings advance the literature on strategic leadership and on the social identity approach to leadership by suggesting that CEOs’ thinking and acting in collective terms is associated with greater organizational financial performance.
Spectral Method and Spectral Element Method for Three Dimensional Linear Elliptic System: Analysis and Application
Authors: Khan Arbaz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a least-squares spectral method and a non-conforming least-squares spectral element method for three dimensional linear elliptic system will be presented. Differentiability estimates and the main stability theorem for the proposed method are proven. Using the regularity estimate and the proposed stability estimates, we introduce a suitable preconditioner and show that the condition number of the preconditioned system is $$O((\ln W)^2)$$O((lnW)2) (where W is degree of polynomials). Then we establish the error estimates of the proposed method. Specific numerical results based on linear elasticity problem, fourth order problem and sixth order problem are discussed to reflect the efficiency of the proposed method.
Perspectives on Implementation: Challenges and Successes of a Program Designed to Support Expectant and Parenting Community College Students in Rural, Midwestern State
Authors: Askelson Natoshia , Ryan Grace , Pieper Felicia , Bash-Brooks Whitney , Rasmusson Addie , Greene Mary , Buckert Amy 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Expectant and parenting students (EPS) at community colleges are an underserved and often under-resourced group. In a rural, Midwestern state, the department of public health was awarded the Pregnancy Assistance Fund (PAF) grant to assist this population. This paper outlines the results of the implementation evaluation and offers suggestions for programs and evaluators working with this population in the community college setting.

Methods
We conducted a multicomponent evaluation utilizing quantitative and qualitative methods. Evaluation activities included tracking activities/services, surveys and interviews with participants, and interviews with community college staff implementing grant activities. The research team calculated frequencies for quantitative data and coded qualitative data for themes.

Results
Data from the community colleges and students’ self-reports revealed that EPS most commonly received concrete support from the program, often in the form of stipends or gift cards. Students reported that concrete support was beneficial and helped to relieve financial stress during the semester. Students’ major barriers to participation were lack of knowledge about the program and busy schedules that prevented them from accessing PAF services. Staff reported that difficulty identifying EPS and the short one-year project period were major implementation challenges.

Conclusions for Practice
We recommend that community colleges work to identify EPS, use fellow EPS to recruit program participants, and implement programming that works with the students’ schedules.
An analytical process-based approach to predicting breach width in levees constructed from dilatant soils
Authors: van Damme M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn accurate prediction of the breach widening rate after the onset of a levee failure is essential for flood risk assessments. Current state-of-the-art analytical breach growth relations are empirical in nature. The large variety in loading conditions, levee design, and levee construction material, combined with the limited amount of accurate measurements of breach growth, make the development of accurate empirical breach growth relations challenging. In this paper, a process-based breach widening relation is presented for levees constructed of dilatant soils. The process-based relation is derived from the weir flow equation and a process-based erosion equation. The breach widening relation can account for the effects of variations in soil parameters. For those cases for which soil parameters are unknown, a calibrated catch-all-coefficient is provided. The relation is benchmarked against the state-of-the-art empirical breach growth relation used in the Netherlands and validated against data on historical levee failures and experimental data.
Remarks on the Nonlocal Dirichlet Problem
Authors: Grzywny Tomasz , Kassmann Moritz , Leżaj Łukasz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe study translation-invariant integrodifferential operators that generate Lévy processes. First, we investigate different notions of what a solution to a nonlocal Dirichlet problem is and we provide the classical representation formula for distributional solutions. Second, we study the question under which assumptions distributional solutions are twice differentiable in the classical sense. Sufficient conditions and counterexamples are provided.
Small firms and patenting revisited
Authors: Athreye Suma S. , Fassio Claudio , Roper Stephen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn order to observe a patent application at the firm level, two conditions need to be met: new products need to be of patentable quality, which depends both on the degree of novelty of innovations and on the total number (portfolio) of innovations; and the benefits of patents need to be higher than the costs of owning them. Analyzing the patent propensity of small and large UK firms using a novel innovation-level survey (the SIPU survey) linked to Community Innovation Survey data, we find that when we consider the whole innovation portfolio, smaller firms do patent less than larger firms. However, using data on individual innovations, we find that smaller firms are no less likely to patent any specific innovation than larger firms. We argue that size differences in the probability to patent relate primarily to the “portfolio effect,” i.e., larger firms generate more innovations than smaller firms, and therefore are more likely to create one or more which are patentable. As for the decision to patent a patentable innovation, we find that cost barriers, more than issues of innovation quality or enforceability, deter small firms from patenting specific innovations. Measures to address the costs of patenting for smaller—perhaps by considering patents as eligible costs for R&D tax credits—and/or subsidizing SMEs’ participation in IP litigation schemes may both encourage patent use by smaller firms.
Need, frames, and time constraints in risky decision-making
Authors: Diederich Adele , Wyszynski Marc , Traub Stefan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn two experiments, participants had to choose between a sure and a risky option. The sure option was presented either in a gain or a loss frame. Need was defined as a minimum score the participants had to reach. Moreover, choices were made under two different time constraints and with three different levels of induced need to be reached within a fixed number of trials. The two experiments differed with respect to the specific amounts to win and the need levels. The$$2 \times 2 \times 3$$2×2×3design was a within-subject design. Data were evaluated on an overall and on a group level, the latter based on participants’ stated risk preference and on revealed preferences (choice proportions) using cluster analysis across subjects. Overall, the results showed riskier behavior when the choice options were presented as losses as compared to gains (framing effect) and when the induced need was highest. Time limits enhanced the framing effect.
Amphibians in an urban environment: a case study from a central European city (Wrocław, Poland)
Authors: Konowalik Agnieszka , Najbar Anna , Konowalik Kamil , Dylewski Łukasz , Frydlewicz Marzena , Kisiel Paweł , Starzecka Agata , Zaleśna Anna , Kolenda Krzysztof 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn 2016, we studied the occurrence of amphibians in 231 selected ponds in the city of Wrocław (Lower Silesia, Poland) and confirmed the occurrence of 10 species: Bombina bombina, Bufo bufo, Bufotes viridis, Hyla arborea, Pelobates fuscus, Pelophylax esculentus complex, Rana arvalis, Rana temporaria, Lissotriton vulgaris and Triturus cristatus. Among all studied sites, the most common were P. esculentus complex (146 occupied sites, 63.2%) and B. bufo (119, 51.5%), while the rarest was P. fuscus (8, 3.5%). The number of species at a single site varied from 0 (28 sites, 12.1%) to 9 (1 site, 0.4%). Frequency and mean amphibian species richness reached 87.9% and 2.7 ± 1.9, respectively. The composition of amphibian species did not change in comparison to previous studies conducted in the years 1997–2009, but declining trends in five species (B. bombina, B. viridis, H. arborea, P. esculentus complex, P. fuscus) were observed (28 compared sites). The results revealed that the permanency of ponds, their occurrence in the vicinity of river valleys, and a high ratio of watercourse length and green area around ponds are positively correlated and have a significant influence on amphibian species richness within the city. Thus, these identified factors should be considered in the course of sustainable urban planning in order to avoid potential conflicts between nature conservation and urban development.