bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ordering properties of radial ground states and singular ground states of quasilinear elliptic equations
Authors: Colucci R. , Franca M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper we discuss the ordering properties of positive radial solutions of the equation $$\begin{aligned} \Delta _p u(x)+ k |x|^{\delta } u^{q-1}(x)=0 \end{aligned}$$

Δ
p

u

(
x
)

+
k

|
x
|

δ

u

q
-
1

(
x
)

=
0

where $$x \in {\mathbb {R}}^n, n>p>1, k>0, \delta>-p, q>p$$

x
∈

R

n

,
n
>
p
>
1
,
k
>
0
,
δ
>
-
p
,
q
>
p

. We are interested both in regular ground states u (GS), defined and positive in the whole of $${\mathbb {R}}^n$$

R

n

, and in singular ground states v (SGS), defined and positive in $${\mathbb {R}}^n \setminus \{0\}$$

R

n

\

{
0
}

and such that $$\lim _{|x| \rightarrow 0} v(x)=+\infty $$

lim

|
x
|
→
0

v

(
x
)

=
+
∞

. A key role in this analysis is played by two bifurcation parameters $$p^{JL}(\delta )$$

p

JL

(
δ
)

and $$p_{jl}(\delta )$$

p

jl

(
δ
)

, such that $$p^{JL}(\delta )>p^*(\delta )>p_{jl}(\delta )>p$$

p

JL

(
δ
)

>

p
∗

(
δ
)

>

p

jl

(
δ
)

>
p

: $$p^{JL}(\delta )$$

p

JL

(
δ
)

generalizes the classical Joseph–Lundgren exponent, and $$p_{jl}(\delta )$$

p

jl

(
δ
)

its dual. We show that GS are well ordered, i.e. they cannot cross each other if and only if $$q \ge p^{JL}(\delta )$$

q
≥

p

JL

(
δ
)

; this way we extend to the $$p>1$$

p
>
1

case the result proved in Miyamoto (Nonlinear Differ Equ Appl 23(2):24, 2016), Miyamoto and Takahashi (Arch Math Basel 108(1):71–83, 2017) for the $$p \ge 2$$

p
≥
2

case. Analogously we show that SGS are well ordered, if and only if $$q \le p_{jl}(\delta )$$

q
≤

p

jl

(
δ
)

; this latter result seems to be known just in the classical $$p=2$$

p
=
2

and $$\delta =0$$

δ
=
0

case, and also the expression of $$p_{jl}(\delta )$$

p

jl

(
δ
)

has not appeared in literature previously.
Double phase problems with variable growth and convection for the Baouendi–Grushin operator
Authors: Bahrouni Anouar , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Winkert Patrick 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper we study a class of quasilinear elliptic equations with double phase energy and reaction term depending on the gradient. The main feature is that the associated functional is driven by the Baouendi–Grushin operator with variable coefficient. This partial differential equation is of mixed type and possesses both elliptic and hyperbolic regions. We first establish some new qualitative properties of a differential operator introduced recently by Bahrouni et al. (Nonlinearity 32(7):2481–2495, 2019). Next, under quite general assumptions on the convection term, we prove the existence of stationary waves by applying the theory of pseudomonotone operators. The analysis carried out in this paper is motivated by patterns arising in the theory of transonic flows.
On the stability of periodic binary sequences with zone restriction
Authors: Su Ming , Wang Qiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTraditional global stability measure for sequences is hard to determine because of large search space. We propose the k-error linear complexity with a zone restriction for measuring the local stability of sequences. For several classes of sequences, we demonstrate that the k-error linear complexity is identical to the k-error linear complexity within a zone, while the length of a zone is much smaller than the whole period when the k-error linear complexity is large. These sequences have periods $$2^n$$

2
n

, or $$2^v r$$

2
v

r

(r odd prime and 2 is primitive modulo r), or $$2^v p_1^{s_1} \cdots p_n^{s_n}$$

2
v

p
1

s
1

⋯

p
n

s
n

($$p_i$$

p
i

is an odd prime and 2 is primitive modulo $$p_i^2$$

p
i
2

, where $$1\le i \le n$$

1
≤
i
≤
n

) respectively. In particular, we completely determine the spectrum of 1-error linear complexity with any zone length for an arbitrary $$2^n$$

2
n

-periodic binary sequence.
Cyclooxygenase activity mediates colorectal cancer cell resistance to the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid
Authors: Volpato Milene , Ingram Nicola , Perry Sarah L , Spencer Jade , Race Amanda D , Marshall Catriona , Hutchinson John M , Nicolaou Anna , Loadman Paul M , Coletta P Louise , Hull Mark A 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeThe naturally-occurring omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is safe, well-tolerated and inexpensive, making it an attractive anti-cancer intervention. However, EPA has only modest anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) activity, when used alone. Both cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms metabolise EPA and are over-expressed in CRC cells. We investigated whether COX inhibition increases the sensitivity of CRC cells to growth inhibition by EPA.MethodsA panel of 18 human and mouse CRC cell lines was used to characterize the differential sensitivity of CRC cells to the growth inhibitory effects of EPA. The effect of CRISPR-Cas9 genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 on the anti-cancer activity of EPA was determined using in vitro and in vivo models.ResultsGenetic ablation of both COX isoforms increased sensitivity of CT26 mouse CRC cells to growth inhibition by EPA in vitro and in vivo. The non-selective COX inhibitor aspirin and the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib increased sensitivity of several human and mouse CRC cell lines to EPA in vitro. However, in a MC38 mouse CRC cell tumour model, with dosing that mirrored low-dose aspirin use in humans, thereby producing significant platelet COX-1 inhibition, there was ineffective intra-tumoral COX-2 inhibition by aspirin and no effect on EPA sensitivity of MC38 cell tumours.ConclusionCyclooxygenase inhibition by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs represents a therapeutic opportunity to augment the modest anti-CRC activity of EPA. However, intra-tumoral COX inhibition is likely to be critical for this drug-nutrient interaction and careful tissue pharmacodynamic profiling is required in subsequent pre-clinical and human studies.
Expanding spectrum of “spitzoid” lesions: a small series of 4 cases with MAP2K1 mutations
Authors: Kerckhoffs K. G. P. , Aallali T. , Ambarus C. A. , Sigurdsson V. , Jansen A. M. L. , Blokx W. A. M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe molecular background of a significant proportion of spitzoid neoplasms is still unknown. Recently, activating mutations in MAP2K1 have been described in a few spitzoid lesions, but not in benign Spitz nevi. We report four cases of melanocytic tumors with spitzoid features in which a MAP2K1 mutation was detected. The lesions did not show a single distinct phenotype and ranged from benign to malignant. Two cases resembled desmoplastic Spitz nevi. Based on the combination of morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings, one case was classified as benign, one as probably benign, possibly intermediate low-grade (MELTUMP—melanocytic tumor of unknown malignant potential), one case was classified as intermediate (MELTUMP), and one case was considered a superficial spreading melanoma with spitzoid features. Based on this, we conclude that MAP2K1 mutations can indicate a spitzoid genetic signature and can be found in both benign and malignant spitzoid neoplasms.
Five Specific Tongue Movements in a Healthy Population
Authors: Kappert Kilian D. R. , van Dijk Simone , Wellenstein David , van Alphen Maarten J. A. , van Son Rob J. J. H. , Smeele Ludi E. , Balm Alfons J. M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe importance of tongue mobility on speech, oral food transport, and swallowing is well recognized. However, whether the individual tongue mobility influences postoperative function in oral cancer treatment remains to be elucidated. This study assesses the ability to perform five tongue movements as rolling, twisting (two sides), folding, and the ‘cloverleaf’ in a healthy population. Because a tumor in oral cancer patients often restricts the mobility of the tongue, it might be helpful to know if it is possible to recall any of those movements without demonstrating it. Two observers asked 387 Dutch healthy adults if they could perform one of the five specific tongue movements and were subsequently asked to demonstrate the five movements. The distribution in the Dutch population is: rolling: 83.7%, cloverleaf: 14.7%, folding: 27.5%, twisting left: 36.1% and twisting right: 35.6%. The percentage of people that can fold their tongue is almost ten times higher (3% versus 27.5%) than in previous research, and it was found that the ability to roll the tongue is not a prerequisite for folding of the tongue. A relationship between gender or right-handedness and the ability to perform certain tongue movements could not be found. Of the participants, 9.9% and 13.1% incorrectly assumed that they could demonstrate tongue rolling and cloverleaf. Tongue folding and twisting (left or right) were incorrectly assumed in 36.9%, 24.1%, and 25.4% of the cases. Rolling and cloverleaf are preferred for future prediction models because these movements are easy to recall without demonstrating.
Thirty years after anorexia nervosa onset, serum neurofilament light chain protein concentration indicates neuronal injury
Authors: Wentz Elisabet , Dobrescu Sandra Rydberg , Dinkler Lisa , Gillberg Carina , Gillberg Christopher , Blennow Kaj , Råstam Maria , Zetterberg Henrik 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLittle is known about the long-term consequences of anorexia nervosa (AN) in terms of possible brain neuronal injury. We aimed at investigating whether women with adolescent-onset AN exhibit increased serum levels of neurofilament light chain protein (NfL), a biomarker for neuronal injury, compared with matched controls at 30-year follow-up. Blood samples were collected from 34 women with adolescent-onset AN and 38 matched healthy comparison women (COMP), at a mean age of 44 years (range 38–48 years). NfL was measured in serum using the in-house single molecule array (Simoa) method. The individuals were asked whether they or their parents had been diagnosed with dementia. The Swedish National Patient Register was searched for diagnoses related to dementia. Serum NfL concentrations were significantly higher in the AN group (AN 27.7 pg/ml; COMP 19.0 pg/ml; p = 0.041). When individuals with medical/neurological disorders in the AN and COMP groups were excluded, there was a statistically non-significant trend towards higher concentrations in the AN group (AN 27.4 pg/ml; COMP 18.8 pg/ml; p = 0.060). None of the participants had been diagnosed with dementia. There was no significant correlation between serum NfL and AN duration (r = 0.15). There was a moderate negative correlation between the serum NfL concentration and the current BMI in the AN group (r = 0.44). This is the first time that serum NfL has been assessed in middle-aged women with a history of adolescent-onset AN. The results suggest that there might be increased axonal degeneration as a sequel of AN. Individuals remaining underweight had higher serum NfL concentrations than those with a normal/high BMI. Additional studies are needed to confirm increased serum NfL concentrations in individuals recovered from AN. There is a need for further study of axonal degeneration as a consequence of AN.
How flood risks shape policies: flood exposure and risk perception in Swiss municipalities
Authors: Glaus Anik , Mosimann Markus , Röthlisberger Veronika , Ingold Karin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite an increasing number of people exposed to flood risks in Europe, flood risk perception remains low and effective flood risk management policies are rarely implemented. It becomes increasingly important to understand how local governments can design effective flood risk management policies to address flood risks. In this article, we study whether high flood exposure and flood risk perception correlate with the demand for a specific design of flood risk management policies. We take the ideal case of Switzerland and analyze flood risk management portfolios in 18 flood-prone municipalities along the Aare River. We introduce a novel combination of risk analysis and public policy data: we analyze correlations between recorded flood exposure data and survey data on flood risk perception and policy preferences for selected flood risk management measures. Our results indicate that local governments with high flood risk perception tend to prefer non-structural measures, such as spatial planning and ecological river restoration, to infrastructure measures. In contrast, flood exposure is neither linked to flood risk perception nor to policy preferences. We conclude that flood risk perception is key: it can decisively affect local governments’ preferences to implement specific diversified policy portfolios including more preventive or integrated flood risk management measures. These findings imply that local governments in flood-prone areas should invest in raising their population’s awareness capacity of flood risks and keep it high during periods without flooding.
Validity of visual assessment of aortic valve morphology in patients with aortic stenosis using two-dimensional echocardiography
Authors: Nemchyna Olena , Soltani Sajjad , Solowjowa Natalia , Schoenrath Felix , Hrytsyna Yuriy , Unbehaun Axel , Kempfert Jörg , Stein Julia , Knosalla Christoph , Hagendorff Andreas , Knebel Fabian , Falk Volkmar , Knierim Jan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe diagnostic value of a visual assessment of aortic valve (AV) morphology for grading aortic stenosis (AS) remains unclear. A visual score (VS) for assessing the AV was developed and its reliability with respect to Doppler measurements and the calcium score (ctCS) derived by multislice computed tomography was evaluated. 99 Patients with AS of various severity and 38 patients without AS were included in the analysis. Echocardiographic studies were evaluated using the new VS which includes echogenicity, thickening, localization of lesions and leaflet mobility, with a total score ranging from 0 to 11. The association of VS with ctCS and the severity of AS was analyzed. There was a significant correlation of VS with AV hemodynamic parameters and with ctCS. The cut-off value for the detection of AS of any grade was a VS of 6 (sensitivity 95%, specificity 85% for women; sensitivity 85%, specificity 88% for men). A VS of 9 for women and of 10 for men was able to predict severe AS with a high specificity (96% in women and 94% in men, AUC 0.8 and 0.86, respectively). The same cut-off values were identified for the detection of ctCS of ≥ 1600 AU and ≥ 3000 AU with a specificity of 77% and 82% (AUC 0.69 and 0.81, respectively). Assessment of aortic valve morphology can serve as an additional diagnostic tool for the detection of AS and an estimation of its severity.
Implications of climate change mitigation strategies on international bioenergy trade
Authors: Daioglou Vassilis , Muratori Matteo , Lamers Patrick , Fujimori Shinichiro , Kitous Alban , Köberle Alexandre C. , Bauer Nico , Junginger Martin , Kato Etsushi , Leblanc Florian , Mima Silvana , Wise Marshal , van Vuuren Detlef P. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMost climate change mitigation scenarios rely on increased use of bioenergy to decarbonize the energy system. Here we use results from the 33rd Energy Modeling Forum study (EMF-33) to investigate projected international bioenergy trade for different integrated assessment models across several climate change mitigation scenarios. Results show that in scenarios with no climate policy, international bioenergy trade is likely to increase over time, and becomes even more important when climate targets are set. More stringent climate targets, however, do not necessarily imply greater bioenergy trade compared to weaker targets, as final energy demand may be reduced. However, the scaling up of bioenergy trade happens sooner and at a faster rate with increasing climate target stringency. Across models, for a scenario likely to achieve a 2 °C target, 10–45 EJ/year out of a total global bioenergy consumption of 72–214 EJ/year are expected to be traded across nine world regions by 2050. While this projection is greater than the present trade volumes of coal or natural gas, it remains below the present trade of crude oil. This growth in bioenergy trade largely replaces the trade in fossil fuels (especially oil) which is projected to decrease significantly over the twenty-first century. As climate change mitigation scenarios often show diversified energy systems, in which numerous world regions can act as bioenergy suppliers, the projections do not necessarily lead to energy security concerns. Nonetheless, rapid growth in the trade of bioenergy is projected in strict climate mitigation scenarios, raising questions about infrastructure, logistics, financing options, and global standards for bioenergy production and trade.
How useful is the concept of transit migration in an intra-Schengen mobility context? Diving into the migrant smuggling and human trafficking nexus in search for answers
Authors: de Massol de Rebetz Roxane 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhen using the concept of transit migration, contemporary scholarly literature and policy documents typically refer to situations located outside or at the outskirts of the European Union. By analyzing the critical and empirical scholarship which uncovers the so-called gray area where it becomes hard to make clear distinctions that can be found at the nexus between migrant smuggling and human trafficking, the article aims to shed new light on the real-life vulnerabilities and dynamics that do not fit prototypical legal categories of either human trafficking or migrant smuggling. In so doing, the article discusses and analyzes legal and empirical scholarship that uncovers these vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities observed are likely to be further enhanced in transit zones where stranded individuals within the EU aim to continue their (increasingly) fragmented/non-linear migration journeys. Therefore, the article proposes to consider the usefulness and the usage of the notion of “transit migration” in the context of Intra-Schengen border mobility and not just when discussingexternalborder mobility. The article argues that the concept of transit migration, if carefully defined, and if particular vulnerabilities found in transit space are recognized, can serve as a helpful lens that can prevent falling into the trap of conceiving migrant smuggling and human trafficking as strictly separate phenomena.
A novel glycosidase plate-based assay for the quantification of galactosylation and sialylation on human IgG
Authors: Rebello Osmond D. , Gardner Richard A. , Urbanowicz Paulina A. , Bolam David N. , Crouch Lucy I. , Falck David , Spencer Daniel I. R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractChanges in human IgG galactosylation and sialylation have been associated with several inflammatory diseases which are a major burden on the health care system. A large body of work on well-established glycomic and glycopeptidomic assays has repeatedly demonstrated inflammation-induced changes in IgG glycosylation. However, these assays are usually based on specialized analytical instrumentation which could be considered a technical barrier for uptake by some laboratories. Hence there is a growing demand for simple biochemical assays for analyzing these glycosylation changes. We have addressed this need by introducing a novel glycosidase plate-based assay for the absolute quantification of galactosylation and sialylation on IgG. IgG glycoproteins are treated with specific exoglycosidases to release the galactose and/or sialic acid residues. The released galactose monosaccharides are subsequently used in an enzymatic redox reaction that produces a fluorescence signal that is quantitative for the amount of galactosylation and, in-turn, sialylation on IgG. The glycosidase plate-based assay has the potential to be a simple, initial screening assay or an alternative assay to the usage of high-end analytical platforms such as HILIC-FLD-MSn when considering the analysis of galactosylation and sialylation on IgG. We have demonstrated this by comparing our assay to an industrial established HILIC-FLD-MSn glycomic analysis of 15 patient samples and obtained a Pearson’s r correlation coefficient of 0.8208 between the two methods.
Autism Traits Predict Self-reported Executive Functioning Deficits in Everyday Life and an Aversion to Exercise
Authors: Mason Lauren A. , Zimiga Brandon M. , Anders-Jefferson Regina , Paap Kenneth R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAre Autism Quotient (AQ) scores related to executive functioning (EF)? We sampled 200 students of normal intelligence and examined the relationship between AQ scores and: (a) 5 self-ratings of EF, (b) 5 performance-based measures of EF, and (c) 5 types of activities or experiences that are assumed to recruit EF and sometimes enhance EF. Our findings reveal that as AQ scores increase, self-rated EF ability decreases. AQ scores and self-reported EF measures do not correlate with objective EF task performance. Furthermore, AQ scores were shown to be negatively associated with many specific types of physical activity. As AQ scores increase, individuals report fewer positive reasons for exercise and more rationalizations for not engaging in more exercise.
An Eye Tracking Investigation of Pain Decoding Based on Older and Younger Adults’ Facial Expressions
Authors: Stopyn Rhonda J. N. , Hadjistavropoulos Thomas , Loucks Jeff 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNonverbal pain cues such as facial expressions, are useful in the systematic assessment of pain in people with dementia who have severe limitations in their ability to communicate. Nonetheless, the extent to which observers rely on specific pain-related facial responses (e.g., eye movements, frowning) when judging pain remains unclear. Observers viewed three types of videos of patients expressing pain (younger patients, older patients without dementia, older patients with dementia) while wearing an eye tracker device that recorded their viewing behaviors. They provided pain ratings for each patient in the videos. These observers assigned higher pain ratings to older adults compared to younger adults and the highest pain ratings to patients with dementia. Pain ratings assigned to younger adults showed greater correspondence to objectively coded facial reactions compared to older adults. The correspondence of observer ratings was not affected by the cognitive status of target patients as there were no differences between the ratings assigned to older adults with and without dementia. Observers’ percentage of total dwell time (amount of time that an observer glances or fixates within a defined visual area of interest) across specific facial areas did not predict the correspondence of observers’ pain ratings to objective coding of facial responses. Our results demonstrate that patient characteristics such as age and cognitive status impact the pain decoding process by observers when viewing facial expressions of pain in others.