bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frontline Science: Targeting the TLR7 signalosome assembly
Authors: Javmen Artur , Szmacinski Henryk , Lakowicz Joseph R , Toshchakov Vladimir Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
TLRs sense a broad range of microbial molecules and initiate antimicrobial immune response. The members of the TLR family use cytoplasmic Toll/interleukin-1R homology (TIR) domain to initiate intracellular signaling. The activated TLRs dimerize their TIRs and recruit adapter proteins to the dimer, through multiple interactions of receptor and adapter TIR domains. Although TLRs play an essential role in innate immunity, the aberrant TLR signaling may cause pathogenic inflammation. This study has screened a library of cell-permeable decoy peptides (CPDPs) derived from the TLR7 TIR for interference with TLR7 signaling and identified new CPDPs that target the TLR7 signalosome assembly. Peptides 7R1, 7R6, 7R9, and 7R11 inhibited the TLR7-induced signaling in murine and human macrophages. The most potent inhibitory peptide of the four, 7R11, significantly reduced the systemic cytokine levels elicited by administration of a TLR7 agonist to mice. TLR7 TIR surface regions that correspond to inhibitory peptides generally corresponded to four TIR sites that mediate signalosome assembly for other TLRs. The cell-based Förster resonance energy transfer/fluorescence lifetime imaging confirmed that 7R9 and 7R11 interact with adapter TIRs. These findings clarify the molecular mechanisms that trigger the adapter recruitment to activated TLR7 and suggest that 7R9 and 7R11 have a significant translational potential as candidate or lead therapeutics for treatment of TLR7-related inflammatory diseases.
Does advance booking matter in hedonic pricing? A new multivariate approach
Authors: Guizzardi Andrea , Angelini Giovanni , Pons Flavio Maria Emanuele 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe consider prices across the advance bookings as a multivariate variable, modelling the time effect by means of a structural vector autoregression. Its unit‐specific fixed effect is taken as the dependent variable in a set of hedonic regressions allowing us to estimate the marginal contribution to price of the (time‐invariant) attributes along the price trajectory. Results from our two‐step approach indicate that although past occupancy rates, events, bank holidays, and seasonality differentiate pricing strategies across advance bookings, time‐invariant services/attributes tend to increase in hedonic value as the advance booking period decreases, reducing the contribution of dynamic pricing.
Effect of Vocal Fold Implant Placement on Depth of Vibration and Vocal Output
Authors: Smith Simeon L. , Titze Ingo R. , Storck Claudio , Mau Ted 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveMost type 1 thyroplasty implants and some common injectable materials are mechanically stiff. Placing them close to the supple vocal fold mucosa can potentially dampen vibration and adversely impact phonation, yet this effect has not been systematically investigated. This study aims to examine the effect of implant depth on vocal fold vibration and vocal output.Study DesignComputational simulation.MethodsVoice production was simulated with a fiber‐gel finite element computational model that incorporates a three‐layer vocal fold composition (superficial lamina propria, vocal ligament, thyroarytenoid muscle). Implants of various depths were simulated, with a “deeper” or more medial implant positioned closer to the vocal fold mucosa and replacing more muscle elements. Trajectories of surface and within‐tissue nodal points during vibration were produced. Outcome measures were the trajectory radii, fundamental frequency (F0), sound pressure level (SPL), and smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) as a function of implant depth.ResultsAmplitude of vibration at the vocal fold medial surface was reduced by an implant depth of as little as 14% of the total transverse vocal fold depth. Increase in F0 and decrease in CPPS were noted beyond 30% to 40% implant depth, and SPL decreased beyond 40% to 60% implant depth.ConclusionsCommonly used implants can dampen vibration “from a distance,” ie, even without being immediately adjacent to vocal fold mucosa. Since implants are typically placed at depths examined in this study, stiff implants likely have a negative vocal impact in a subset of patients. Softer materials may be preferable, especially in bilateral medialization procedures.Level of EvidenceN/A Laryngoscope, 130:2192–2198, 2020
Management of sporadic vestibular schwannoma with contralateral nonserviceable hearing
Authors: Jia Huan , Nguyen Yann , De Seta Daniele , Hochet Baptiste , Smail Mustapha , Bernardeschi Daniele , Wu Hao , Mosnier Isabelle , Kalamarides Michel , Sterkers Olivier 
Published: October 2019

Objectives/HypothesisTo outline a possible decision‐making process for sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) with contralateral nonserviceable hearing at diagnosis.Study DesignRetrospective case series.MethodsDiagnosed VS was studied in a tertiary referral center from 1995 to 2013.ResultsTwenty‐eight patients were included, with a mean follow‐up of 6.9 years (range = 0.5–20 years). Ten were stage 1, 10 were stage 2, five were stage 3, and three were stage 4. Ipsilateral hearing levels were A (n = 3), B (n = 10), C (n = 7) and D (n = 8) American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery classification. Contralateral hearing levels were C (n = 11) and D (n = 17). Initial VS management included surveillance (n = 12) or surgery (n = 16), and four patients were later treated with surgery (n = 3) or stereotactic irradiation (n = 1). Hearing was improved by hearing aids and/or etiological treatment (n = 8), restored by contralateral (n = 15) or ipsilateral (n = 4) cochlear implants (CIs), or ipsilateral auditory brainstem implants (ABIs) (n = 3). Finally, 18 CIs were active daily; 14 of them presented high or moderate benefit with mean open‐set dissyllabic word scores (WRS) of 58.1% and sentence recognition scores (SRS) of 69.7%, but only one ABI was still active (WRS of 70% and SRS of 87% with lip reading).ConclusionsWhen early removal of VS was not necessary, contralateral CI or etiological treatment for hearing loss might be recommended initially. Ipsilateral CI is proposed, whereas VS should be operated on if previous hearing restoration was not successful. ABI should be reserved for the rare cases where a contralateral CI could not be implanted or the cochlear nerve was sectioned during VS removal.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 130:E407–E415, 2020
Effect of Imidazolium Monomer Structure on Properties of Imidazolium‐Functionalized Self‐Healing UV‐Cured Polymers for Flexible Electronic Devices
Authors: Han Jiwei , Gong Haoran , Jiang Shengling , Gao Yanjing , Nie Jun , Sun Fang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSelf‐healing UV‐cured polymeric materials based on ionic interactions possess many distinct advantages such as reliability, long lifetime, and green preparation process, and thus obtain great potential development. In this work, a series of UV‐curable imidazolium monomers with different structures are designed and synthesized, and then imidazolium ionic interaction‐based self‐healing materials are prepared through fast and eco‐friendly UV‐curing technology. Also, the structures of imidazolium monomers on properties of self‐healing UV‐cured polymers are investigated. The results show that the structures of imidazolium monomers have no obvious influences on photopolymerization properties of the polymers. The hydroxyl group and polar ether chains in imidazolium monomers can increase the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymers. The large substituent at 1‐position of the imidazole ring enhances tensile strain of the polymers due to the reduction of the intermolecular force. The intermolecular forces and content of imidazole ionic groups all affect self‐healing efficiency of the polymers. The polymer containing HD‐IM‐E with a long and nonpolar pendent side chains exhibits an excellent self‐healing efficiency (>90%) and can be healed repeatedly. Importantly, the self‐healing polymer can also be used as a flexible electronic substrate to fabricate a flexible electronic device with good self‐healing function.
Combination of QF‐PCR and aCGH is an efficient diagnostic strategy for the detection of chromosome aberrations in recurrent miscarriage
Authors: Lovrečić Luca , Pereza Nina , Jaklič Helena , Ostojić Saša , Peterlin Borut 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundOur aim was to conduct a comprehensive genetic evaluation using the combination of QF‐PCR (quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction) and aCGH (array comparative genomic hybridization) for the detection of the frequency and type of chromosome aberrations in recurrent miscarriage (RM) in the clinical setting.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted on 73 first‐trimester products of conception (POC) between September 2014 and February 2017. The POCs were collected from 73 women with at least one previous miscarriage and analyzed for chromosomal anomalies using QF‐PCR and aCGH as part of the routine clinical evaluation.ResultsChromosome aberrations were detected in 52/73 POCs (71.2%), of which 41 (56.2%) were identified by QF‐PCR and an additional 11 (15.1%) by aCGH. Numerical aberrations constituted 92.3% of abnormalities, with trisomies as the most common subtype (72.9%). Causative structural aberrations were found in three samples (5.8%). The frequency of chromosome aberrations was not dependent on the number of previous miscarriages, whereas it significantly increased with advanced maternal age.ConclusionOur results confirm that chromosome aberrations are the most common cause of RM and that QF‐PCR and aCGH combination should be included in the routine genetic analysis of POCs of couples with miscarriage.
Anisotropic meta‐models for computationally expensive simulations in nonlinear mechanics
Authors: Menga Edoardo , Sánchez María J. , Romero Ignacio 
Published: October 2019

SummaryNonintrusive methods are now established in the engineering community as a pragmatic approach for the uncertainty quantification (UQ) and global sensitivity analysis (GSA) of complex models. However, especially for computationally expensive models, both types of analyses can only be completed by employing surrogates that replace the original models and are considerably less expensive. This work studies the construction of accurate and predictive meta‐models for their use in both UQ and GSA, and their application to complex problems in nonlinear mechanics. In particular, meta‐models based on radial functions are examined and enhanced with anisotropic metrics for improved predictiveness and cost effectiveness. Three numerical examples illustrate the performance of the proposed methodology.
Glass‐transition temperature governs the thermal decrosslinking behavior of Diels–Alder crosslinked polymethacrylate networks
Authors: Dobbins Daniel J. , Scheutz Georg M. , Sun Hao , Crouse Christopher A. , Sumerlin Brent S. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTA series of Diels–Alder (DA) crosslinked polymethacrylate networks covering a broad range of glass‐transition temperatures (Tg) was prepared to establish the relationship between the Tg and the thermal decrosslinking behavior of these networks. A series of permanently crosslinked and uncrosslinked analogues were also prepared to better understand the thermoset‐to‐thermoplastic transition occurring in the DA networks at elevated temperatures. The network series were studied using dynamic mechanical analysis, which established an inverse relationship between Tg and decrosslinking ability. Differential scanning calorimetry confirmed the viability of the DA linkages in all formulations, and a trapping experiment with 9‐anthracenemethanol demonstrated that even the least responsive network was capable of undergoing decrosslinking given appropriate thermal treatment. While polymer chain mobility has long been understood to be a critical factor in healable materials, this work verifies the importance of this parameter in the decrosslinking of DA networks. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci. 2020, 58, 193–203
Study on mechanism of hydrogen adsorption on WO3, W20O58, and W18O49
Authors: Jiang Pingguo , Xiao Yiyu , Yu Xiangbiao , Liu Wenjie 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe density functional theory (DFT) calculation of hydrogen adsorption on tungsten oxides and calculation of the crystal structure of WO3, W20O58, and W18O49 were performed. These calculations suggest that the length of W‐O bonds in WO3 are 1.913 Å, the length of 66% W‐O bonds in W20O58 is 1.8 to 1.9 Å, and the length of 43.48% W‐O bonds in W18O49 is longer than 2.0 Å. The hydrate (WO2[OH]2), as an autocatalyst in the hydrogen reduction process, was found in the particular adsorption configuration of W18O49. The WO3 and W20O58 were completely reduced within 40 to 60 minutes at a temperature of 1000°C and at a hydrogen flow rate of 200 mL/min, while W18O49 was completely reduced within 20 to 40 minutes. The phase composition and micromorphology of raw material and production were studied by both X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and FE‐SEM technology. The differences of the mechanism of hydrogen adsorption on WO3, W20O58, and W18O49 were explored based on the density functional theory calculation and the hydrogen reduction experiments.
Sustainable development and green gross domestic product assessments in megacities based on the emergy analysis method—A case study of Wuhan
Authors: Wei Yigang , Li Yan , Liu Xinjing , Wu Meiyu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGlobally, cities are generally facing challenges of sustainable development, and this is particularly true in megacities. To reveal the relationship between economy and ecology, green gross domestic product (GDP) represents the ideology and requirements of sustainable development. In this study, emergy analysis theory is introduced to the green GDP accounting system and to a sustainable development evaluation framework using Wuhan City from 1994 to 2015 as a case study. The results show that (a) the green GDP increases as traditional GDP grows year by year, indicating the improvement of the sustainability development of Wuhan. (b) In terms of green GDP contributing factors, the proportion of nonrenewable energy in traditional GDP decreased from 11.91% to 5.31%, reflecting remarkable progresses in the promotion of saving energy. (c) In terms of the sustainability dynamic assessment, result greater than one for the Emergy Sustainability Index implies the economic system of Wuhan following a trajectory of sustainable development, but the downward trend of the Environment Index of Sustainable Development in recent years indicates that Wuhan needs to improve its socioeconomic performance. Based on the emergy analysis, this study provides a theoretical framework for investigating and assessing the temporal characteristics of green GDP accounting, urban sustainability assessment, and inhibiting factors in the progress of sustainability. Empirical findings provide theoretical support and policy recommendations for the promotion of urban sustainable development.
Drones, hydraulics, and climate change: Inferring barriers to steelhead spawning migrations
Authors: Timm Raymond K. , Caldwell Lucius , Nelson Andrew , Long Chris , Chilibeck Mark Barry , Johnson Mark , Ross Kai , Muller Andrew , Brown Jaron M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGlobal climate models suggest dramatic changes in the timing and form of future precipitation in the Pacific Northwest, United States. By some estimates, in the Columbia River drainage, basin‐wide snow‐water equivalencies could decrease by more than 50% before the end of the century, with locally more extreme variation. In the South Fork Clearwater River, Idaho, where hydraulic barriers are currently thought to partially limit ESA‐listed steelhead migrations, changes in precipitation that could exacerbate the intensity and timing of hydraulic barriers presents an obvious conservation concern. Evidence indicates that the strongest steelhead swimmers are capable of sustaining burst speeds for up to 20 s, with maximum speed being a function of fish size (length). Understanding hydraulic dynamics that have implications for migrating fish requires integration of high‐resolution hydraulic models with sufficient resolution to characterize the hydraulic experience of the fish. Unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) have recently emerged as useful platforms for measuring river ecosystems with high precision. Results from habitat surveys and hydraulic modeling can identify locations where intense hydraulic energy may preclude fish passage during critical migration periods. The current as well as future range of discharges can be evaluated with a spatially explicit hydraulic model to quantify when, where, and how long barriers to migration exist. Further, this approach provides a powerful tool for manipulating the digital physical channel form and presents a heuristic opportunity to test hydraulic scenarios to improve migration success.This article is categorized under:
Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
Water and Life > Stresses and Pressures on Ecosystems
Water and Life > Methods
Reconciling Opposing Discourses: Narrating and Teaching the Cold War in an East-German Classroom
Authors: Fischer Eva 
Published: October 2019

AbstractFischer analyses how a history teacher in East Germany, who is also a member of the ‘integrated generation’, the generation of people who experienced life in both the GDR and post-reunification, approaches the Cold War. Fischer explores the strategies teachers use to construct coherent narratives from an ambiguous past and the types of discourse that the teacher consciously and unconsciously uses, through linguistic analysis. She also draws on theory from memory studies, such as Wertsch’s concept of ‘narrative templates’. Fischer uses a biographical interview with the teacher, then a textbook-led interview and two of the teacher’s lessons, noting alternative narratives emerging alongside Western hegemonic discourse and how this teacher particularly focusses on the concepts of reconciliation, victimhood, family and nationhood.
The Levi-Civita equation in function classes
Authors: Laczkovich Miklós 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Let G be an Abelian topological semigroup with unit. By a classical result (called Theorem A), if V is a finite dimensional translation invariant linear space of complex valued continuous functions defined on G, then every element of V is an exponential polynomial. More precisely, every element of V is of the form $$\sum _{i=1}^np_i \cdot m_i$$

∑

i
=
1

n

p
i

·

m
i

, where $$m_1 ,\ldots ,m_n$$

m
1

,
…
,

m
n

are exponentials belonging to V, and $$p_1 ,\ldots ,p_n$$

p
1

,
…
,

p
n

are polynomials of continuous additive functions. We generalize this statement by replacing the set of continuous functions by any algebra $${{\mathcal {A}}}$$
A
of complex valued functions such that whenever an exponential m belongs to $${{\mathcal {A}}}$$
A
, then $$m^{-1}\in {{\mathcal {A}}}$$

m

-
1

∈
A

. As special cases we find that Theorem A remains valid even if the topology on G is not compatible with the operation on G, or if the set of continuous functions is replaced by the set of measurable functions with respect to an arbitrary $$\sigma $$
σ
-algebra. We give two proofs of the result. The first is based on Theorem A. The second proof is independent, and seems to be more elementary than the existing proofs of Theorem A.
Can [18F]F-FDG PET/CT be used to assess the pre-operative extent of peritoneal carcinomatosis in patients with colorectal cancer?
Authors: Elekonawo Fortuné M. K. , Starremans Bas , Laurens Sander Thomas , Bremers Andreas J. A. , de Wilt Johannes H. W. , Heijmen Linda , de Geus-Oei Lioe-Fee 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate whether PET/CT could be used to assess the extent of colorectal peritoneal metastases.

Methods
All patients who underwent a PET/CT scan before a CRS-HIPEC procedure between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2013 were retrospectively included (n = 35). Two nuclear medicine physicians (observer 1 and observer 2) separately reviewed the scans on intraperitoneal abnormalities. A simplified PCI was used to compare the extent of rPCI versus sPCI.

Results
Included patients had a median age of 60.6 years. Histology of primary tumors were 51.5% adenocarcinomas, 37.1% mucinous adenocarcinoma, and 11.4% SRCC. Median sPCI was 9.5 (5.0–11.8) and median rPCI was 5.0 (3.0–7.0) for observer 1 and 4.0 (3.0–6.0) for observer 2 (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively). When compared to the surgical data, PET/CT showed a poor correlation for assessing the extent of PC for both adenocarcinoma (observer 1 rho – 0.17, p = 0.51 and observer 2 rho 0.13, p = 0.61) as well as mucinous carcinoma or SRCC (observer 1 rho 0.44, p = 0.08 and observer 2 rho 0.38, p = 0.14).

Conclusion
PET/CT underestimates the extent of PC during surgery in both mucinous and non-mucinous CRC and is not recommended for intraperitoneal tumor scoring.
Moisture-related changes in the nanostructure of woods studied with X-ray and neutron scattering
Authors: Penttilä Paavo A. , Altgen Michael , Carl Nico , van der Linden Peter , Morfin Isabelle , Österberg Monika , Schweins Ralf , Rautkari Lauri 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWood and other cellulosic materials are highly sensitive to changes in moisture content, which affects their use in most applications. We investigated the effects of moisture changes on the nanoscale structure of wood using X-ray and neutron scattering, complemented by dynamic vapor sorption. The studied set of samples included tension wood and normal hardwood as well as representatives of two softwood species. Their nanostructure was characterized in wet state before and after the first drying as well as at relative humidities between 15 and 90%. Small-angle neutron scattering revealed changes on the microfibril level during the first drying of wood samples, and the structure was not fully recovered by immersing the samples back in liquid water. Small and wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements from wood samples at various humidity conditions showed moisture-dependent changes in the packing distance and the inner structure of the microfibrils, which were correlated with the actual moisture content of the samples at each condition. In particular, the results implied that the degree of crystalline order in the cellulose microfibrils was higher in the presence of water than in the absence of it. The moisture-related changes observed in the wood nanostructure depended on the type of wood and were discussed in relation to the current knowledge on the plant cell wall structure.Graphic abstract