bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in serum proteins in traditional Chinese medicine constitutional population: Analysis and verification
Authors: Tan Fei , Chen Xinyan , Zhang Huihua , Yuan Jiamin , Sun Chen , Xu Fuping , Huang Li , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Guan Huahua , Chen Ziwen , Wang Chen , Fan Shaoyi , Zeng Liling , Ma Xiaoming , Ye Weicheng , He Weitong , Lu Peixia , Petritis Brianne , Huang Ruo-Pan , Yang Zhimin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine assigns individuals into different categories called “constitutions” to help guide the clinical treatment according to subjective physiologic, psychologic analyses, large-scale clinical observations, and epidemiologic studies. To further explore more objective expressions of constitutions, antibody microarrays were used to analyze the serologic protein profiles of two different constitutions, a balanced (or healthy) constitution (BC) and the dampness constitution (DC) comprising phlegm-dampness and damp-heat constitutions. The profiles of changing constitutions across time were also analyzed. Nineteen differentially expressed proteins between the two groups were identified, with known biologic functions involved in immunity and inflammation. This proteomic study may provide a biologic explanation why the BC is different than the dampness constitution.
Management of radiation therapy‐induced vaginal adhesions and stenosis: A New Zealand survey of current practice
Authors: Summerfield Janeane , Leong Aidan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionVaginal dilation is often indicated as an intervention for the management of radiation therapy‐induced vaginal adhesions and stenosis (RTVAS). However, limited research exists underpinning this intervention and diversity in patient recommendations internationally are reported. In the absence of New Zealand (NZ) national guidelines regarding the management of RTVAS, a survey of NZ radiation therapy departments was conducted to gain an overview of current practice.MethodsA two‐section online survey was developed to capture RTVAS education and management overview across NZ. Section one focused on departmental resourcing and section two on local standard practice regarding vaginal dilator usage. One RTVAS education representative from each department was invited to complete the survey.ResultsEight of nine NZ departments completed the survey. Consistent treatment indications were identified for RTVAS patient education with the involvement of diverse staffing groups at various time‐points throughout the treatment process. Protocols for RTVAS management existed in each RT department with staff commonly trained by informal peer observation. Dilator usage was recommended regardless of patient sexual activity. Agreement was shown regarding the recommended start time of dilator usage and frequency. The recommended duration of dilator use post‐treatment varied from 6 months to greater than 36 months.ConclusionsThis work illustrates both concordance and diversity in practice and contributes to the limited body of literature available. Further research is warranted to explore patterns of practice between departmental protocols and individual practitioners in further detail.
Stochastic event set generation for tropical cyclone using machine‐learning approach guided by environmental data
Authors: Bongirwar Vishal 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTropical cyclone stochastic eventset is a critical component in any cyclone risk assessment model. In this study, a novel methodology is proposed for the development of basin wide tropical cyclone stochastic eventset. The proposed methodology utilizes the reanalysis data to represent the environmental conditions of cyclones, which in turn governs the cyclone behaviour and variability in space and time. The basic assumption in the proposed methodology is that, given the high correlation between cyclone behaviour and environmental conditions, the cyclone may respond similarly if the environmental conditions are identical. Thus, it is possible to model the response of a cyclone based on identifying a group of events with similar state in history. The state of cyclone at any given instance is defined using cyclone track characteristics and environmental parameters from ocean and atmospheric reanalysis data. The methodology presented herein addresses some key open questions in the stochastic eventset development about capturing the seasonal and spatial variability of cyclone, and modelling of events in historically data sparse region. The k nearest neighbour machine learning algorithm was used to train the track movement, intensification, and inland decay model. The proposed methodology is illustrated through a case study consisting of the development of stochastic event set for South West Pacific basin and compared with historical observations. The methodology introduced in this article represents a step toward a rational approach to capture the seasonality of cyclone; and effective use of environmental information together with machine learning to generate realistic stochastic events.
The phytochemical analysis and pharmacological potentials of husk and straw as paddy waste products
Authors: Murtey Mogana Das , Seeni Azman 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRice serves as a staple food for one‐half of the global population. However, rice production, particularly the rice milling process, results in a substantial amount of paddy waste products (e.g. bran, husk and straw) annually. Because the potentials of bran have been extensively explored in prior studies, the present review focuses exclusively on the phytochemical analysis and pharmacological potentials of husk and straw. This comprehensive review establishes a solid foundation for promoting husk and straw as medicinal substances given their promising pharmacological potentials as bioactive compound sources with therapeutic functions. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Screening antagonistic yeasts against citrus green mold and the possible biocontrol mechanisms of Pichia galeiformis (BAF03)
Authors: Chen Ou , Yi Lanhua , Deng Lili , Ruan Changqing , Zeng Kaifang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPenicillium digitatum is one of the most important pathogens causing citrus green mold, leading to significant economic losses. Traditionally, synthetic fungicides are used to control diseases. However, the side effects of fungicides should not be ignored. Thus, antagonistic yeasts were proposed to be safe and effective alternatives for managing diseases. Orchards are excellent sources of naturally occurring antagonists against pathogens. Therefore, in the present study, antagonistic yeasts obtained from orchards were screened, and the possible biocontrol mechanisms of the most promising yeast were investigated.RESULTSSeventy‐eight isolates of yeasts (15 species of 10 genera) were obtained from citrus orchards. In in vitro assays, 16 strains showed antifungal activity against Pichia digitatum and 15 strains showed biocontrol potential against green mold on Olinda oranges. Pichia galeiformis (BAF03) exhibited the best antagonistic activity against P. digitatum during 6 days storage at 25 °C and a good antagonistic activity during 29 days at 4 °C. Pichia galeiformis (BAF03) could colonize and amplify quickly in wounded citrus. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that the citrus wound was colonised by the yeast. A total of eight volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry The VOCs produced by P. galeiformis (BAF03) efficiently inhibited P. digitatum.CONCLUSIONPichia galeiformis (BAF03) isolated from a citrus orchard showed potential to control postharvest green mold of citrus. The possible mechanisms of action likely include competition for space and nutrients as well as production of VOCs.
Recovery and identification bioactive peptides from protein isolate of Spirulina platensis and their in vitro effectiveness against oxidative stress‐induced erythrocyte hemolysis
Authors: Zeng Qiao‐Hui , Wang Jing Jing , Zhang Ying‐Hui , Song Yu‐Qiong , Liang Jing‐Lin , Zhang Xue‐Wu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpirulina platensis is recognized as one of the most nutritious foods, containing a high protein content of up to 70%. Meanwhile, he interest in using natural protein resources to develop bioactive peptides is steadily increasing. Therefore, this study released the bioactive peptides from S. platensis by enzymatic hydrolysis using pepsin (1:3000 U g−1), and their amino acid sequences were determined by de novo sequencing. On this basis, the antioxidant activities of synthesized bioactive peptides were comprehensively evaluated by 2,2′‐azinobis‐3‐ethylbenzothiazolin‐6‐sulfonic acid assay, 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryhydrazyl assay, and cell hemolysis assay induced by 2,2′‐azobis‐(2‐amidino‐propane) dihydrochloride (AAPH).RESULTSThe degree of hydrolysis and recovery percentage of pepsin hydrolysis were 172 and 825 g kg–1 respectively, and FFEFF (P1: m/z 736.4, 8%), EYFDALA (P2: m/z 828.4, relative intensity 18.5%), and VTAPAASVAL (P3: m/z 899.5, relative intensity 17.3%) were purified and identified. P2 possessed an excellent radical scavenging activity compared with P1, P3, and vitamin C, which was contributed to by its high β‐sheet conformation and specific amino acid compositions. Moreover, P2 significantly attenuated AAPH‐induced oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes and protected the erythrocytes, because it reduced the formation of malondialdehyde and increased the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes.CONCLUSIONThis study provided insights into the potential antioxidant function of the synthesized peptides originated from the bioactive peptides of S. platensis proteins, which would contribute to the development of natural antioxidant from new protein resources. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Spray drying and storage of probiotic‐enriched almond milk: probiotic survival and physicochemical properties
Authors: Lipan Leontina , Rusu Bogdan , Sendra Esther , Hernández Francisca , Vázquez‐Araújo Laura , Vodnar Dan Cristian , Carbonell‐Barrachina Ángel A 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe combination of the nutritional profile of almond milk with the benefits of probiotic bacteria is an interesting development to meet the demand for sustainable and health‐promoting food. Almond milk inoculated with probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum (ATCC8014) was spray dried and the almond, its milk, and powders were characterized physicochemically. Samples were characterized in terms of bacterial survival before and after atomization. Bacterial viability and total fatty acid changes were studied during 8 months’ storage at 4 and 22 °C.RESULTSResults showed adequate physicochemical properties and an optimal bacterial survival rate, maintaining almost the same values before and after the spray‐drying operation. A decrease was observed in the cell viability for samples stored at 4 °C. However, the cell count was maintained above the minimum level suggested (107 living cells) to allow potential probiotic functionality for 8 months. On the other hand, the count cell of powders stored at 22 °C was below the minimum level required after 6 months. The fatty acids profile was not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by storage time and temperature.CONCLUSIONA new almond‐based‐product with probiotics was developed to meet consumer demands. Almond nutrients were recovered from almond milk powder and were found to be a good source of K and high in Mg and in monounsaturated fat. The viability of bacteria was assured during 8 months of storage at 4 °C and up to 6 months for samples stored at 22 °C. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Maternal dietary uridine supplementation reduces diarrhea incidence in piglets by regulating the intestinal mucosal barrier and cytokine profiles
Authors: Wu Xin , Gao Lu‐Min , Liu Yi‐Lin , Xie Chunyan , Cai Lichuang , Xu Kang , Zhou Xi‐Hong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDNucleotides play an important role in the regulation of cellular energy and protein homeostasis, which facilitate the repair, recovery and repletion of tissue function. This study tested the effects of maternal uridine (UR) supplementation during late pregnancy and lactation of sows on the immune function of the small intestine in neonatal and suckling piglets.RESULTSResults showed that compared to the control group, maternal dietary UR supplementation significantly decreased incidence of diarrhea in suckling piglets (P < 0.01); and increased both duodenal and ileal average villus height (P < 0.01) as well as villus height/crypt depth in ileum (P = 0.017) in neonatal piglets. RT‐qPCR results showed that maternal UR supplementation decreased mRNA expression of claudin‐1 in jejunum and ileum of neonatal piglets (P < 0.05), while significantly increased mRNA expression of claudin‐1 in duodenum and jejunum of suckling piglets. Furthermore, in suckling piglets, maternal dietary UR supplementation increased mRNA expression of IL‐6, IL‐8 and IL‐1β in duodenum, jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05), increased IL‐10 expression in both jejunal and ileal mucosa (P < 0.05) and increased mRNA expression of IKB and TLR4 in ileal mucosa (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that maternal dietary supplementation with UR contributed to reducing incidence of diarrhea by regulating cytokine secretion and intestinal mucosal barrier function in suckling piglets. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Agronomical traits, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in raw and cooked potato tubers growing under saline conditions
Authors: Akrimi Rawaa , Hajlaoui Hichem , Rizzo Valeria , Muratore Giuseppe , Mhamdi Mahmoud 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPotato yields and tuber compositions are linked to mechanisms adopted by plants to cope with salinity and often can change after cooking. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of salinity, variety and cooking method in the composition of potato tubers. Three potato varieties (Spunta, Bellini and Alaska) grown under distinct salt levels (T1: 2.2 ms cm−1 EC, T2: 8.5 ms cm−1 EC before electromagnetic treatment and 6.3 ms cm−1 EC after electromagnetic treatment, T3: 8.5 ms cm−1 EC) were studied. Yield and tuber quality attributes (starch, dry matter, specific density and tuber size) were evaluated. Carotenoids, total and individual phenolics determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), relative antioxidant capacity (RAC) and ions content were analyzed, in both raw and water boiled tubers.RESULTSTuber yield, starch, dry matter, ions and antioxidants were significantly influenced by the salinity level and variety. The least production and the highest antioxidants were obtained under T3. Antioxidants were influenced by cooking method, the interactions treatment × cooking method and variety × cooking method. Individual phenolic compounds exhibited different response to cooking as quercetin, caffeic acid and catechin decreased significantly after boiling. However, coumaric acid increased in Alaska tubers.CONCLUSIONSalinity level, variety and cooking method are important determinants of tuber yield and composition. Electromagnetic water may be useful to enhance potato production and tuber quality in areas suffering from water salinization. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Non‐hermetic packaging of biomedical microsystems from a materials perspective: A review
Authors: Chong Hao , Majerus Steve J.A. , Bogie Kath M. , Zorman Christian A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe advancement of reliable encapsulation techniques for long‐term implantable biomedical microdevices is of vital importance for the safe and steady operation of implants for chronic applications. Conventional techniques based on titanium or ceramic enclosures, however, cannot meet the packaging requirements of emerging innovations in medical implants due to issues related to scalability, incompatibility with microfabrication processes and challenges with miniaturization. A variety of polymeric materials have been identified for encapsulation of implantable systems, including polyimide, parylene, liquid crystal polymer (LCP), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). These materials are not as hermetic as conventional metal or ceramic packages nor as widely adopted in regulative licensed devices for long‐term implantation. However, studies have shown promising results regarding their potential for long‐term encapsulation, in particular for devices fabricated on polymeric substrates. This review offers a summary of the encapsulation performance of these emerging polymeric materials with a specific focus on their long‐term performance and quantification of their expected lifetime.
Grape Extract Activates Brown Adipose Tissue Through Pathway Involving the Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid
Authors: Han Xue , Guo Jielong , Yin Manwen , Liu Yiwen , You Yilin , Zhan Jicheng , Huang Weidong 
Published: April 2020

ScopeAlthough the physiological function of grape extract (GE) has long been recognized, the precise mechanism remains obscure. This study is designed to investigate the effects of GE on metabolism and the association between GE activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and the restoration of gut microbiota (GM).Methods and resultsDiet‐induced obese mice are used to investigate the function of GE. GE administration increases energy metabolism and prevents obesity. Also, GE restores the dysbiosis of GM by augmenting the observed species, enhancing the Firmicutes‐to‐Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing the abundance of the Bifidobacteria, Akkermansia, and Clostridia genera. This restoration of GM alters the bile acid (BA) pool in the serum. The abundance of Akkermansia, Clostridium, and Bifidobacterium is negatively correlated with the concentrations of TαMCA, TβMCA, and TCA but is positively correlated with DCA. The changes in BA promoted TGR5 in BAT, which contributed to thermogenesis. The metabolites of GE in blood do not stimulate TGR5 in vitro.ConclusionGE stimulates the thermogenesis of BAT through a pathway involving the regulation of GM and BA in diet‐induced obese mice. This study reveals the mechanism by which dietary polyphenols promote thermogenesis by regulating BA, which is altered by GM.
Flexible film dosimeter for in vivo dosimetry
Authors: Cho Jin Dong , Son Jaeman , Sung Jiwon , Choi Chang Heon , Kim Jin Sung , Wu Hong‐Gyun , Park Jong Min , Kim Jung‐in 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe aims of this study were to develop a flexible film dosimeter applicable to the irregular surface of a patient for in vivo dosimetry and to evaluate the device’s dosimetric characteristics.MethodsA flexible film dosimeter with active layers consisting of radiochromic‐sensitive films and flexible silicone materials was constructed. The dose‐response, sensitivity, scanning orientation dependence, energy dependence, and dose rate dependence of the flexible film dosimeter were tested. Irradiated dosimeters were scanned 24 h post‐irradiation, and the region of interest was 5 mm × 5 mm. Biological stability tests ensured the safety of application of the flexible film dosimeter for patients. A preliminary clinical study with the flexible film dosimeter was implemented on four patients.ResultsThe red channel demonstrated the highest sensitivity among all channels, and the response sensitivity of the dosimeter decreased with the applied dose, which were the same as the characteristics of GAFCHROMIC EBT3 radiochromic films. The flexible film dosimeter showed no significant energy dependence for photon beams of 6 MV, 6 MV flattening filter‐free (FFF), 10 MV, and 15 MV. The flexible film dosimeter showed no substantial dose rate dependence with 6 or 6 MV FFF. In terms of biological stability, the flexible film dosimeter demonstrated no cytotoxicity, no irritation, and no skin sensitization. In the preliminary clinical study, the dose differences between the measurements with the flexible film dosimeter and calculations with the treatment planning system ranged from −0.1% to 1.2% for all patients.ConclusionsThe dosimeter developed in this study is a flexible film capable of attachment to a curved skin surface. The biological test results indicate the stability of the flexible film dosimeter. The preliminary clinical study showed that the flexible film dosimeter can be successfully applied as an in vivo dosimeter.
Beyond Heart Failure and Ischemic Heart Disease: A Scoping Review of Novel Uses of Ivabradine in Adults
Authors: Hellenbart Erika L. , Griffin Tina , DiDomenico Robert J. 
Published: April 2020

Ivabradine lowers heart rate by inhibiting the hyperpolarization‐activated current in pacemaker cells, and its use for the treatment of heart failure (HF) and ischemic heart disease (IHD) is well described. Ivabradine may be an attractive treatment option for other conditions for which a reduction in heart rate is desirable but less is known about its role in these settings. The primary objective was to perform a scoping review summarizing the literature evaluating novel uses for ivabradine other than HF and IHD in adults. PubMed and EMBASE were searched for articles for all dates through September 2019. Search strategies combined terms generic, commercial/trade, and international names for ivabradine. Manual search of references was also performed to identify additional articles. Studies were included if they were published in English, evaluated the efficacy of ivabradine for indications other than HF or IHD in patients aged 18 years or older, and the primary outcome included clinically relevant end points. Articles were screened first by title and abstract followed by full‐text screening of the remaining articles. After removal of duplicates, 1807 records were screened for inclusion and 84 studies were included in this scoping review. Novel uses of ivabradine were reported for various tachyarrhythmias, valvular heart disease, premedication for coronary computed tomography angiography, perioperative risk reduction, sepsis with and without multi‐organ dysfunction syndrome, cor pulmonale, reactive airway disease, and erectile dysfunction. This scoping review identified several potential novel uses for ivabradine in adults. This review may help to identify existing gaps where further research is needed to elucidate the role of ivabradine for indications beyond HF and IHD.
Modification of poly(lactic) acid by reactive extrusion and its melt blending with acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene
Authors: Abt Tobias , Kamrani Mohammad Reza , Cailloux Jonathan , Santana Orlando , Sánchez‐Soto Miguel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPoly(lactic) acid (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer that has attracted interest as a potential substitute for some thermoplastic polymers. However, its advanced brittleness at room temperature represents one of the major drawbacks for its general use. In this work, PLA was modified by reactive extrusion (PLAREx) to enhance the rheological behaviour and to limit its degradation. The modified material was melt blended with acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS), and the resultant morphology, rheological, thermo‐mechanical and fracture behaviour were analysed. Since PLA does not have reasonable compatibility with ABS, maleic‐anhydride‐grafted ABS (ABS‐g‐Ma) was used as compatibilizer. The morphology of the PLAREx/ABS samples resulted in the formation of small ABS rods in the matrix. The presence of maleic anhydride contributed to reducing the interfacial energy of the blends and to obtaining finer micro‐domains of the ABS‐rich phase in the PLAREx matrix. In the compatibilized blends, the presence of elongated ABS‐rich phases opposed free crack propagation and contributed to the increase in fracture energy in comparison to neat PLA. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry