bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Box–Behnken design based statistical modeling for the extraction and physicochemical properties of pectin from sunflower heads and the comparison with commercial low-methoxyl pectin
Authors: Peng Xiaoxia , Yang Guang , Shi Yun , Zhou Yifa , Zhang Mengshan , Li Shanshan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA natural low-methoxyl pectin (LAHP), was extracted with oxalic acid solution from dried heads of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to optimize LAHP extraction conditions. The extraction yield of LAHP was 18.83 ± 0.21%, and the uronic acid content was 85.43 ± 2.9% obtained under the optimized conditions (temperature of 96 °C, time of 1.64 h, oxalic acid concentration of 0.21%). Experimentally obtained values were in agreement with those predicted by RSM model, indicating suitability of the employed model and the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions. LAHP has been characterized by ash content, degree of esterification (DE), galacturonic acid (GalA) content, molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity meanwhile commercial low-methoxyl pectin (CLMP) as comparison. This study finds out a potential source of natural LMP which expands the application scope of sunflower heads. It is an efficient reuse of waste resources and provides a novel thought to explore the natural resources for food and pharmaceutical applications.
Comparison of experimental peri-implantitis models after application of ex vivo BMP2 gene therapy using periodontal ligament stem cells
Authors: Park Shin-Young , Kim Kyoung-Hwa , Kim Sungtae , Rhee Sang-Hoon , Yeo In-Sung , Heo Seong-Joo , Lee Yong-Moo , Seol Yang-Jo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPeri-implantitis is an inflammatory disease that results in bone destruction around dental implants. A preclinical study using beagle models is frequently performed prior to clinical application in dentistry. Previously, we proposed an immediate peri-implantitis experimental model with a shorter experimental duration and less expense than the conventional experimental model. However, the differences in the regenerative outcomes between the immediate and conventional models were not fully revealed. In this study, we aimed to compare the regenerative outcomes between both models when ex vivo BMP2 gene therapy using autologous periodontal ligament stem cells (B2/PDLSCs) was applied to peri-implantitis defects. The results showed that the defect depths were significantly different between both models. New bone formation occurred in both models, but there were significant differences between the models. More than 70% of the defects were filled with newly formed bone in the conventional model, whereas 30–40% of the defects were filled in the immediate model. However, after adjustment for the differences in the defect depths between the models, the statistically significant differences in the regenerative outcomes between the models were lost. In conclusion, the inferior regenerative outcome of an immediate peri-implantitis model at B2/PDLSCs transplantation resulted from the defect depths, not the model itself.
Generation of human androgenetic induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Choi Na Young , Bang Jin Seok , Park Yo Seph , Lee Minseong , Hwang Han Sung , Ko Kisung , Myung Soon Chul , Tapia Natalia , Schöler Hans R. , Kim Gwang Jun , Ko Kinarm 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn humans, parthenogenesis and androgenesis occur naturally in mature cystic ovarian teratomas and androgenetic complete hydatidiform moles (CHM), respectively. Our previous study has reported human parthenogenetic induced pluripotent stem cells from ovarian teratoma–derived fibroblasts and screening of imprinted genes using genome-wide DNA methylation analysis. However, due to the lack of the counterparts of uniparental cells, identification of new imprinted differentially methylated regions has been limited. CHM are inherited from only the paternal genome. In this study, we generated human androgenetic induced pluripotent stem cells (AgHiPSCs) from primary androgenetic fibroblasts derived from CHM. To investigate the pluripotency state of AgHiPSCs, we analyzed their cellular and molecular characteristics. We tested the DNA methylation status of imprinted genes using bisulfite sequencing and demonstrated the androgenetic identity of AgHiPSCs. AgHiPSCs might be an attractive alternative source of human androgenetic embryonic stem cells. Furthermore, AgHiPSCs can be used in regenerative medicine, for analysis of genomic imprinting, to study imprinting-related development, and for disease modeling in humans.
In-situ ToF-SIMS analyses of deuterium re-distribution in austenitic steel AISI 304L under mechanical load
Authors: Röhsler Andreas , Sobol Oded , Hänninen Hannu , Böllinghaus Thomas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHydrocarbons fuel our economy. Furthermore, intermediate goods and consumer products are often hydrocarbon-based. Beside all the progress they made possible, hydrogen-containing substances can have severe detrimental effects on materials exposed to them. Hydrogen-assisted failure of iron alloys has been recognised more than a century ago. The present study aims to providing further insight into the degradation of the austenitic stainless steel AISI 304L (EN 1.4307) exposed to hydrogen. To this end, samples were electrochemically charged with the hydrogen isotope deuterium (2H, D) and analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). It was found that deuterium caused a phase transformation from the original γ austenite into ε- and α’-martensite. Despite their low solubility for hydrogen, viz. deuterium, the newly formed phases showed high deuterium concentration which was attributed to the increased density of traps. Information about the behaviour of deuterium in the material subjected to external mechanical load was gathered. A four-point-bending device was developed for this purpose. This allowed to analyse in-situ pre-charged samples in the ToF-SIMS during the application of external mechanical load. The results indicate a movement of deuterium towards the regions of highest stress.
The association between NAT2 acetylator status and adverse drug reactions of sulfasalazine: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yee Jeong , Kim So Min , Han Ji Min , Lee Nari , Yoon Ha Young , Gwak Hye Sun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractN-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) acetylator status can be classified into three groups depending on the number of rapid alleles (e.g., NAT2*4): rapid, intermediate, and slow acetylators. Such acetylator status may influence the occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) during sulfasalazine treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between NAT2 acetylator status and ADRs of sulfasalazine. We searched for qualified studies in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the strength of the association between NAT2 acetylator status and ADRs of sulfasalazine. Nine cohort studies involving 1,077 patients were included in the meta-analysis. NAT2 slow acetylators were associated with an increase in overall ADRs (OR 3.37, 95% CI: 1.43 to 7.93; p = 0.005), discontinuation due to overall ADRs (OR 2.89, 95% CI: 1.72 to 4.86; p < 0.0001), and dose-related ADRs (OR 5.20, 95% CI: 2.44 to 11.08; p < 0.0001), compared with rapid and intermediate acetylators. In conclusion, NAT2 slow acetylators are at risk of ADRs during sulfasalazine treatment. Based on our findings, NAT2 genotyping may be useful to predict the occurrence of ADRs during sulfasalazine treatment.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Novel life history strategy in a deep sea fish challenges
assumptions about reproduction in extreme environments
Authors: Singer Randal A. , Moore Jon A. , Stanley Edward L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe deep ocean is frequently assumed to be a homogeneous system lacking
the same diverse life history strategies found in shallower waters. However, as our
methods for exploring the deep ocean improve, common assumptions about dispersal,
reproduction and behavior are constantly being challenged. Fishes exhibit the most
diverse reproductive strategies among vertebrates. Understanding life history
strategies in deep-sea environments is lacking for many species of fishes. Here, we
report a novel reproductive strategy where a fish (Parazen
pacificus) provides parental care via mouth brooding. This behavior
is observed from a specimen collected with eggs present in the buccal cavity, along
with other specimens exhibiting pre-brooding morphologies. This is the first
description of this unique life history trait in a deep-sea fish and fills in a gap
in the larval literature for this family of fishes and prompts further investigation
into other novel reproductive modes of deep-sea fauna.
Experimental infections and co-infections with Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania infantum in two sand fly species, Lutzomyia migonei and Lutzomyia longipalpis
Authors: Alexandre Joanna , Sadlova Jovana , Lestinova Tereza , Vojtkova Barbora , Jancarova Magda , Podesvova Lucie , Yurchenko Vyacheslav , Dantas-Torres Filipe , Brandão-Filho Sinval P. , Volf Petr 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLeishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis are the most important causative agents of leishmaniases in the New World. These two parasite species may co-circulate in a given endemic area but their interactions in the vector have not been studied yet. We conducted experimental infections using both single infections and co-infections to compare the development of L. (L.) infantum (OGVL/mCherry) and L. (V.) braziliensis (XB29/GFP) in Lutzomyia longipalpis and Lutzomyia migonei. Parasite labelling by different fluorescein proteins enabled studying interspecific competition and localization of different parasite species during co-infections. Both Leishmania species completed their life cycle, producing infective forms in both sand fly species studied. The same happens in the co infections, demonstrating that the two parasites conclude their development and do not compete with each other. However, infections produced by L. (L.) infantum reached higher rates and grew more vigorously, as compared to L. (V.) braziliensis. In late-stage infections, L. (L.) infantum was present in all midgut regions, showing typical suprapylarian type of development, whereas L. (V.) braziliensis was concentrated in the hindgut and the abdominal midgut (peripylarian development). We concluded that both Lu. migonei and Lu. longipalpis are equally susceptible vectors for L. (L.) infantum, in laboratory colonies. In relation to L. (V.) braziliensis, Lu. migonei appears to be more susceptible to this parasite than Lu. longipalpis.
Brainstem volume mediates seasonal variation in depressive symptoms: A cross sectional study in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Majrashi Naif A. , Ahearn Trevor S. , Waiter Gordon D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSeasonal differences in mood and depressive symptoms affect a large percentage of the general population, with seasonal affective disorder (SAD) representing the most common presentation. SAD affects up to 3% of the world’s population, and it tends to be more predominant in females than males. The brainstem has been shown to be affected by photoperiodic changes, and that longer photoperiods are associated with higher neuronal density and decreased depressive-like behaviours. We predict that longer photoperiod days are associated with larger brainstem volumes and lower depressive scores, and that brainstem volume mediates the seasonality of depressive symptoms. Participants (N = 9289, 51.8% females and 48.1% males) ranging in age from 44 to 79 years were scanned by MRI at a single location. Photoperiod was found to be negatively correlated with low mood and anhedonia in females while photoperiod was found to be positively correlated with brainstem volumes. In females, whole brainstem, pons and medulla volumes individually mediated the relationship between photoperiod and both anhedonia and low mood, while midbrain volume mediated the relationship between photoperiod and anhedonia. No mediation effects were seen in males. Our study extends the understanding of the neurobiological factors that contribute to the pathophysiology of seasonal mood variations.
Optical diagnosis of diminutive polyps in the Dutch Bowel Cancer Screening Program: Are we ready to start?
Authors: Meulen Lonne W.T. , Bogie Roel M.M. , van de Wetering Alouisa J.P. , van der Zander Quirine E.W. , Reumkens Ankie , Winkens Bjorn , Cheng Hao Ran , Straathof Jan-Willem A. , Dekker Evelien , Keulen Eric , Bakker C. M. , Hoge Chantal , de Ridder Rogier , Masclee Ad A.M. , Sanduleanu-Dascalescu Silvia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Implementation of optical diagnosis of diminutive polyps may potentially increase the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of colonoscopies. To adopt such strategy in clinical practice, the Preservation and Incorporation of Valuable endoscopic Innovations (PIVI) thresholds provide the basis to be met: ≥ 90 % negative predictive value (NPV) for diagnosis of adenomatous histology and ≥ 90 % agreement on surveillance intervals. We evaluated this within the Dutch Bowel Cancer Screening Program (BCSP).
Patients and methods Endoscopic and histological data were collected from participants of the national bowel cancer screening program with an unfavorable fecal immunochemical test referred for colonoscopy between February 2014 and August 2015 at four endoscopy centers. The “resect and discard” scenario was studied, resecting diminutive polyps without histological evaluation. Agreement between optical diagnosis and histological diagnosis was measured for surveillance intervals according to Dutch, European and American post-polypectomy surveillance guideline.
Results Fifteen certified endoscopists participated in this study and included 3028 diminutive polyps. In 2,330 patients both optical and histological diagnosis were available. Optical diagnosis of diminutive polyps showed NPV of 84 % (95 % CI 80–87) for adenomatous histology in the rectosigmoid. Applying the ‘resect and discard’ strategy resulted in 90.6 %, 91.2 %, 90.9 % agreement on surveillance intervals for the Dutch, European and American guideline respectively.
Conclusion Our data representing current clinical practice in the Dutch BCSP practice on optical diagnosis of diminutive polyps showed that accuracy of predicting histology remains challenging, and risk of incorrect optical diagnosis is still significant. Therefore, it is too early to safely implement these strategies.
Safety Indices of Ultrasound: Adherence to Recommendations and Awareness During Routine Obstetric Ultrasound Scanning
Authors: Drukker Lior , Droste Richard , Chatelain Pierre , Noble J. Alison , Papageorghiou Aris T. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose To analyze bioeffect safety indices and assess how often operators look at these indices during routine obstetric ultrasound.
Materials and Methods Automated analysis of prospectively collected data including video recordings of full-length ultrasound scans coupled with operator eye tracking was performed. Using optical recognition, we extracted the Mechanical Index (MI), Thermal Index in soft tissue (TIs), and Thermal Index in bone (TIb) values and ultrasound mode. This allowed us to report the bioeffect safety indices during routine obstetric scans and assess adherence to professional organization recommendations. Eye-tracking analysis allowed us to assess how often operators look at the displayed bioeffect safety indices.
Results A total of 637 ultrasound scans performed by 17 operators were included, of which 178, 216, and 243 scans were first, second, and third-trimester scans, respectively. During live scanning, the mean and range were 0.14 (0.1 to 3.0) for TIb, 0.2 (0.1 to 1.2) for TIs, and 0.9 (0.1 to 1.3) for MI. The mean and standard deviation of TIb were 0.15 ± 0.03, 0.23 ± 0.09, 0.32 ± 0.24 in the first, second, and third trimester, respectively. For B-mode, the highest TIb was 0.8 in all trimesters. The highest TIb was recorded for pulsed-wave Doppler mode in all trimesters. The recommended exposure times were maintained in all scans. Analysis of eye tracking suggested that operators looked at bioeffect safety indices in only 27 (4.2 %) of the scans.
Conclusion In this study, recommended bioeffect indices were adhered to in all routine scans. However, eye tracking showed that operators rarely assessed safety indices during scanning.
The significance of FNAC in diagnosing differentiated thyroid cancer and the discrepancy between theory and practice – a multi-centre study
Authors: Willms Arnulf , Melder Justin , Hoffmann Manuela Andrea , Wieler Helmut J. , Prechtel Hans , Weitzel Carolin , Sattler Bernd , Trampert Ludwin , Willms Diana , Schwab Robert 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction After non-invasive diagnostic modalities high risk thyroid nodules are investigated with fine needle aspiration cytology in order to find the right surgical strategy for suspected malignancies. Despite the clear recommendation by the European and the American associations (ETA, ATA) its clinical value is doubted and its importance in clinical practice not fully clarified.
Methods A multicentric study of 119 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer operated on in 24 surgical departments was conducted. The aim was not only to evaluate the use of FNAC as a diagnostic tool, but also to investigate its diagnostic validity and compare it with that of other, non-invasive diagnostic methods.
Results FNAC was used only in 25 % of malignant thyroid nodules. In these patients sensitivity of FNAC was 60 %. In 40 % with preoperative FNAC, the result had an impact on the surgical approach. 17 % underwent surgery only because of the FNAC result, and 23 % underwent a planned surgical resection with total thyroidectomy and lymphadenectomy on account of the FNAC result. In comparison to non-invasive diagnostics (ultrasonography in conjunction with scintigraphy with Na99mTcO4) FNAC reached the same sensitivity.
Discussion The results of our study reveal a limited application of preoperative FNAC in diagnosing thyroid nodules as well as a limited conclusiveness in our study population if not performed according to standards. In order to increase the benefits of this diagnostic modality, it seems to be important to perform FNAC according to the guidelines and in a standardized manner. FNAC should always be conducted in combination with ultrasonography. An experienced cytopathologist should be consulted and the Bethesda classification system should be established.
Medizinische Spracherkennung im stationären und ambulanten Einsatz – Eine systematische Übersicht
Authors: Zuchowski Matthias , Pashayeva Aydan , Wohlrab Martin 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die medizinische Dokumentation dient neben der Sicherung einer ordnungsgemäßen Behandlung auch der umfänglichen Aufklärung des Patienten. Gleichsam nimmt sie einen großen Anteil der Arbeitszeit von Gesundheitsprofessionen in Anspruch. Häufig ist die zeitnahe Fertigstellung der Dokumentation durch den zunehmenden Zeitdruck im klinischen Alltag zusätzlich erschwert. Um den Zeitaufwand für die medizinische Dokumentation zu reduzieren, werden auch im ärztlichen Dienst immer häufiger Spracherkennungstechnologien in Einsatz gebracht. Dennoch sind die Auswirkungen dieser medizinischen Spracherkennung auf Bearbeitungszeit und Qualität der Dokumentation zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt noch wenig erforscht. Die bestehende Literatur erfasst bis dato nicht in ausreichendem Maße alle Möglichkeiten des aktuellen technologischen Standes. Ziel dieser Übersichtsarbeit ist daher, den aktuellen Forschungsstand zu den Auswirkungen und Folgen des Einsatzes von digitaler Spracherkennung auf Arbeitsprozesse der Gesundheitsprofessionen zu analysieren. Dazu wurden alle seit dem Jahr 2000 veröffentlichten Studien der jeweiligen medizinischen Fachbereiche berücksichtigt.
Methode Die Autoren führten eine Literaturrecherche unter Verwendung der Datenbanken Medline via PubMed und Google Scholar durch. Die Datenbanken wurden nach den folgenden Stichwörtern durchsucht: „speech recognition“, „voice recognition“, „medical“ und „healthcare“. Unter der Annahme, dass sich erst die ab dem Jahr 2000 entwickelten Spracherkennungstechnologien bezüglich ihrer Genauigkeit für den medizinischen Bereich eignen, wurden Studien erst ab diesem Zeitpunkt in der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit berücksichtigt.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt lieferten die 29 für diese Analyse herangezogenen Studien sehr differente Ergebnisse. Im Vergleich zu alternativen Diktatserviceleistungen, konnte sich die Spracherkennungstechnologie als zeit- und kosteneffizienter erweisen. Im Vergleich zur Texteingabe zeigte sich die Spracherkennung in den betrachteten Studien jedoch nicht überlegen, was mehrheitlich an der geringeren beobachteten Genauigkeit der Spracherkennung lag.
Schlussfolgerung Der Einsatz von digitaler Spracherkennung im klinischen Betrieb bietet einige Vorteile bezüglich der reinen Dokumentationszeit. Die vorhandenen qualitativen Probleme in der genauen semantischen Umsetzung führen jedoch in den vorliegenden Studien noch nicht zu einer eindeutigen Evidenz der Vorteilhaftigkeit dieser Technologie. Aus diesem Grund besteht darüber hinaus Bedarf an weiteren Untersuchungen auf diesem Forschungsfeld.
Clinical utility of ESGE and ASGE guidelines for prediction of suspected choledocholithiasis in patients undergoing cholecystectomy
Authors: Jagtap Nitin , HS Yashavanth , Tandan Manu , Basha Jahangeer , Chavan Radhika , Nabi Zaheer , Kalapala Rakesh , Reddy P. Manohar , Ramchandani Mohan , Gupta Rajesh , Lakhtakia Sundeep , Darishetty Santosh , Rao G. Venkat , Reddy D. Nageshwar 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Recent guidelines from the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) and American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) recommend risk stratification according to liver function test (LFT) and abdominal ultrasound in patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. We evaluated and validated the clinical utility of these new risk stratification criteria for choledocholithiasis.
Methods We retrospectively analyzed prospectively maintained data of patients with suspected choledocholithiasis between January 2016 and December 2018 in patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Patients with common bile duct stricture, cirrhosis, and portal biliopathy were excluded. After LFT and ultrasound, all patients were stratified according to ESGE and ASGE criteria into high, intermediate, and low likelihood of choledocholithiasis.
Results 1042 patients were analyzed. Using ESGE guidelines, 213 patients (20.4 %) met high likelihood criteria, 637 (61.1 %) met intermediate, and 192 (18.4 %) met low likelihood criteria. Using ASGE guidelines, 230 (22.1 %), 678 (65.1 %), and 134 (12.9 %) met high, intermediate, and low likelihood criteria, respectively. Specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of ASGE high likelihood criteria were 96.87 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 95.37 – 97.98) and 89.57 % (95 %CI 85.20 – 92.75) for choledocholithiasis compared with 98.96 % (95 %CI 97.95 – 99.55) and 96.24 % (95 %CI 92.76 – 98.09), respectively, for ESGE criteria. ASGE classified 17 (7.4 %) additional patients as high likelihood compared with ESGE, only one of whom had choledocholithiasis. ASGE classified 58 (8.6 %) additional patients as intermediate, none of whom had choledocholithiasis.
Conclusion This study validates the clinical utility of new ESGE and ASGE criteria for predicting choledocholithiasis. ESGE risk stratification appears more specific than ASGE.