bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In humans, only attractive females fulfil their sexually imprinted preferences for eye colour
Authors: Bressan Paola 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEarly exposure to parental features shapes later sexual preferences in fish, birds, and mammals. Here I report that human males’ preferences for a conspicuous trait, colourful eyes, are affected by the eye colour of mothers. Female faces with light (blue or green) eyes were liked better by men whose mother had light eyes; the effect broke down in those who had felt rejected by her as children. These results, garnered on over one thousand men, complete those of a symmetrical study on one thousand women, painting a fuller picture of human sexual imprinting. Both men and women appear to have imprinted on their opposite-sex parents unless these were perceived as cold and unjustly punitive. Birds require strong attachment to sexually imprint—a constraint in place to reduce the perils of acquiring the wrong sort of information. Parents who form no bond with their offspring may fail to be recognised as appropriate parental imprinting objects. Consistent with human females being, as in most of the animal kingdom, the choosier sex, imprinted preferences were displayed by both sexes but translated into real-life partner choices solely in women—attractive women. Apparently, not all of us can afford to follow our own inclinations.
Seasonal changes of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlate with the lower gut microbiome composition in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: Soltys Katarina , Stuchlikova Martina , Hlavaty Tibor , Gaalova Barbora , Budis Jaroslav , Gazdarica Juraj , Krajcovicova Anna , Zelinkova Zuzana , Szemes Tomas , Kuba Daniel , Drahovska Hana , Turna Jan , Stuchlik Stanislav 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHigher probability of the development of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) as a possible consequence of the north-south gradient has been recently suggested. Living far north or south of the equator is manifested in fluctuation of vitamin D (vitD) levels depending on the season in both healthy and affected individuals. In the present study we investigate the possible link between the seasonal serum vitD level to the microbial composition of the lower gut of Inflammatory Bowel disease (IBD) patients using 16S rRNA sequencing. Decrease of serum vitD level in winter/spring season in a cohort of 35 UC patients and 39 CD patients was confirmed. Low gut microbiota composition of patients with IBD correlated with the serum level of 25(OH)D that directly coupled to seasonal variability of the sunshine in the central European countries. It is supposed to be related to increased abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria in UC and Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in CD. In summer/autumn period, we observed a reduction in abundance of bacterial genera typical for inflammation like Eggerthella lenta, Fusobacterium spp., Bacteroides spp., Collinsella aerofaciens, Helicobacter spp., Rhodococcus spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii; and increased abundance of Pediococcus spp. and Clostridium spp. and of Escherichia/Shigella spp.
Transverse oscillations of a double-structured solar filament
Authors: Jelínek P. , Karlický M. , Smirnova V. V. , Solov’ev A. A. 
Published: April 2020

Aims.We study the transverse oscillations of a double-structured solar filament.Methods.We modelled the filament numerically via a 2D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, in which we solved a full set of time-dependent MHD equations by means of the FLASH code, using the adaptive mesh refinement method. We used the wavelet analysis method as a diagnostic tool for analysing periods in simulated oscillations.Results.We present a model of a solar filament combined with semi-empirical C7 model of the quiet solar atmosphere. This model is an alternative model of a filament based on the magnetostatic solution of MHD equations. We find that this double-structured filament oscillates with two different eigen frequencies. The ratio is approximately 1.75 (∼7.4 min/∼4.2 min), which is characteristic for this type of filament model. To show the details of these oscillations we present a time evolution of the plasma density, temperature, plasma beta parameter, and the ratio of gravity to magnetic pressure taken along the vertical axis of the filament atx = 0. The periods found by numerical simulations are then discussed in comparison with those observed.
The Falklands/Malvinas war taken to the Wikipedia realm: a multimodal discourse analysis of cross-lingual violations of the Neutral Point of View
Authors: Góngora-Goloubintseff José Gustavo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWikipedia is a multilingual collaborative, user-generated encyclopaedia. As the largest source of free knowledge on the Internet, Wikipedia is at the crossroads of diverse cultural and national groups largely characterised by distinctive ideologies. Such ideologies often converge and have for the most part contributed to the encyclopaedia’s unprecedented success. Nonetheless, as several studies on Wikipedia have highlighted, the ideological stance of the authors is known to pose challenges to neutrality, often leading to “edit wars” that ultimately cast doubts on Wikipedia’s credibility when presenting seemingly controversial subjects. Despite the copious amount of literature on neutrality in Wikipedia, little research has yet applied multimodal discourse analysis to tackle cross-lingual violations of the Neutral Point of View (NPOV). Consequently, this study draws on selected visual and textual data from the English and Spanish Wikipedia entries for the Falklands/Malvinas War to prove that the inclusion of certain images and lexemes in particular contexts can be good indicators of NPOV violations. The data set used in the research consisted of the introductory sections, table of contents and images from the two Wikipedia entries and a set of selected comments posted on their talk pages. The findings suggest that specific lexical and visual choices are ideologically motivated and go against the principles advocated by NPOV. This is further attested by the fact that some lexical choices are contested by Wikipedia editors on the talk pages, thus showing that neutrality in the user-driven encyclopaedia is a relative and local position.
Optical characteristics of the undamaged and laser damaged K9 glass in terahertz band
Authors: Shang Xiaoyan , Shi Wei , Hai Wenwen , Su Junhong , Dong Chengang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
K9 glass is an important optical element of the high energy laser system. In an attempt to investigate the variation of optical properties of K9 glass before and after laser induced damage, based on the transmission terahertz time-domain spectral system, the undamaged and the damaged K9 glasses induced by laser were tested to obtain the terahertz time-domain and frequency-domain spectra and the refractive index and absorption coefficient of the samples were calculated in terahertz band for further analysis. Results show that with the increase of laser energy, from the undamaged to the damaged K9 glasses to different extent, the peak to peak value in time domain and the amplitude value in frequency domain present a decreasing trend in varying degrees, and in the 0.4 ∼ 0.5 THz band, the absorption coefficient increases continuously with a slight change of refractive index, which indicates that K9 glass not only appears the melting and fracture in the macroscopic morphology after laser-induced damage, but also forms non-bridged oxygen atoms in its microstructure with more ion bonds and free electrons and the change of ion polarization. In this regard, this paper provides a technical basis for exploring the micro characteristics of K9 glass after laser-induced damage, and lays a good foundation for the application of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to laser-induced damage analysis.
Hidden in the curtain of Article 44: formation rules of arbitration agreements and ICSID Arbitration Rules
Authors: Manukyan Mushegh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article surveys the practice of the application of Article 44 of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) Convention. It shows that ICSID arbitrations pursuant to bilateral investment treaties have been historically subjected to the ICSID Arbitration Rules in effect on the date when investors institute proceedings. But it appears that this is mainly because the parties specifically agree to apply the latest ICSID Arbitration Rules. The article invites a discussion on a technique, which might lead to the application of not necessarily the latest ICSID Rules. The article focuses on the traditional formation rules of arbitration agreements, namely that an arbitration agreement is formed based on the terms of the State’s offer to arbitrate. To that end, the proposed approach allows to argue that the investor who accepts the State’s offer to arbitrate tacitly accepts also the ICSID Arbitration Rules effective at the time when the State made the offer to arbitrate. The article explains that Article 44 includes a possibility to apply the orthodox formation rules thereby showing a greater respect to the parties’ consent.
No association between femoral or acetabular angles and patient-reported outcomes in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome—results from the HAFAI cohort
Authors: Kierkegaard S , Rømer L , Lund B , Dalgas U , Søballe K , Mechlenburg I 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPatients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) are diagnosed using imaging, but detailed description especially the acetabular shape is lacking and may help give more insight to the pathogenesis of FAIS. Furthermore, associations between patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and the radiological angles might highlight which radiological angles affect outcomes experienced by the patients. Hence, the aims of this study were (i) to describe computer tomography (CT) acquired angles in patients with FAIS and (ii) to investigate the association between radiological angles and the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in patients with FAIS. Patients scheduled for primary hip arthroscopic surgery for FAIS were included. Based on CT, following angles were measured before and 1 year after surgery; femoral anteversion, alpha, lateral centre edge, acetabular index, anterior sector, posterior sector and acetabular anteversion. All patients completed the HAGOS. Sixty patients (63% females) aged 36 ± 9 were included. One year after surgery, significant alterations in the alpha angle and the acetabular index angle were found. Neither baseline PROs nor changes in PROs were associated with the radiological angles or changes in angles. Since neither changes in CT angles nor baseline scores were associated with HAGOS, the improvements felt by patients must origin from somewhere else. These findings further underlines that morphological changes seen at imaging should not be treated arthroscopically without a patient history of symptoms and clinical findings.
Outline of “Nihil Obstat: An Analysis of Ability”
Authors: Lewis David K 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This outline for a paper, which develops a compatibilist analysis of abilities, was completed by David Lewis during his sabbatical in the Fall semester of 2000 and is dated 20 January 2001. Starting from the claim that it’s a “Moorean fact” that we are often able to do otherwise, Lewis provides a “simple proof of compatibilism.” He then presents his own account of abilities: S is able to A if and only if there are no obstacles to their A-ing, where an obstacle is a “robust preventer”: something that would (or does) cause S not to A, and which “wouldn’t go away if things were just a little different.”
CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF BREP PHANTOM FOR CHINESE WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN RADIATION PROTECTION
Authors: Zhang Haowei , Sun Si , Lu Heqing , Liu Ying 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to construct boundary representation (BREP) phantom for Chinese women of childbearing age, to estimate the external radiation dose and to analyze radiation protection scheme. The BREP phantom for Chinese women of childbearing age was constructed by image segmentation, 3D reconstruction, non-uniform rational B-spline surface construction and voxelization. The photon-irradiated organ absorbed dose-conversion coefficients (DCCK) of the three female specific organs and the photon effective dose-conversion coefficient (ECCK) were calculated by Monte-Carlo method. The results showed that age, body fat-tissue thickness, direction and area of irradiation, organ location and volume all affected the dose of women specific organs when receiving medical exposure. In the case of ensuring the quality of the diagnosis, radiation protection for female specific organs can be achieved by organ dose modulation techniques and reducing exposure area or volume.
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Arabi Sina , Vaseghi Golnaz , Heidari Zahra , Shariati Laleh , Amin Bahareh , Rashid Harunor , Javanmard Shaghayegh Haghjooy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundOn December 2019, Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was detected in Wuhan, China, and then spread around the world. There is little information about effects of COVID-19 on Pregnant women and newborns as a sensitive population. The current study is a systemic review and Meta-analysis to measure the risks and determine the presentations of COVID-19 in pregnant women and newborn.Methodsonline data bases were searched on march 20. Heterogeneity of the included studies was assessed using the Cochran Q test and Higgins I2 statistic and expressed as percentage. All data were analyzed with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsA total of 7 studies involving 50 participants with Positive test of COVID-19 were enrolled. Mean age of pregnant women was 30.57 years old and the Mean Gestational age was 36.9 weeks. Other variables such as Apgar score, birth weight, Sign and symptoms, Complications and Laboratory data were Analyzed.ConclusionOur findings showed same clinical characteristics in pregnant women as in non-pregnant adults, with the main symptoms being cough and fever. No vertical transmission was seen and all patients delivered healthy neonates. Our findings would be of great help to the decision making process, regarding the management of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19.
Understanding decentralization: deconcentration and devolution processes in the French and Italian cultural sectors
Authors: Santagati Maria Elena , Bonini Baraldi Sara , Zan Luca 
Published: April 2020

PurposeDecentralization is a widespread and international phenomenon in public administration. Despite the interest of public management scholars, an in-depth analysis of the interrelationship between two of its forms – deconcentration and devolution – and its impact on policy and management capacities at the local level is seldom investigated.Design/methodology/approachThis article addresses this gap by examining the implementation of deconcentration and devolution processes in France and Italy in the cultural field, combining the analysis of national reform processes with in-depth analyses of two regional cases. The research is the result of document analysis, participatory observation and semi-structured interviews.FindingsThe article reconstructs the impacts of devolution and deconcentration processes on the emergence of policy and management capacity in two regions (Rhone-Alpes and Piedmont) in the cultural sector. The article shows that decentralization in the cultural sector in France and Italy is the result of different combinations of devolution and deconcentration processes, that the two processes mutually affect their effectiveness, and that this effectiveness is deeply linked to the previous policy and management capacity of the central state in a specific field/country.Originality/valueThe article investigates decentralization as a result of the combination of deconcentration and devolution in comparative terms and in a specific sector of implementation, highlighting the usefulness of this approach also for other sectors/countries
Service robots, customers and service employees: what can we learn from the academic literature and where are the gaps?
Authors: Lu Vinh Nhat , Wirtz Jochen , Kunz Werner H. , Paluch Stefanie , Gruber Thorsten , Martins Antje , Patterson Paul G. 
Published: April 2020

PurposeRobots are predicted to have a profound impact on the service sector. The emergence of robots has attracted increasing interest from business scholars and practitioners alike. In this article, we undertake a systematic review of the business literature about the impact of service robots on customers and employees with the objective of guiding future research.Design/methodology/approachWe analyzed the literature on service robots as they relate to customers and employees in business journals listed in the Financial Times top 50 journals plus all journals covered in the cross-disciplinary SERVSIG literature alerts.FindingsThe analysis of the identified studies yielded multiple observations about the impact of service robots on customers (e.g. overarching frameworks on acceptance and usage of service robots; characteristics of service robots and anthropomorphism; and potential for enhanced and deteriorated service experiences) and service employees (e.g. employee benefits such as reduced routine work, enhanced productivity and job satisfaction; potential negative consequences such as loss of autonomy and a range of negative psychological outcomes; opportunities for human–robot collaboration; job insecurity; and robot-related up-skilling and development requirements). We also conclude that current research on service robots is fragmented, is largely conceptual in nature and focused on the initial adoption stage. We feel that more research is needed to build an overarching theory. In addition, more empirical research is needed, especially on the long(er)-term usage service robots on actual behaviors, the well-being and potential downsides and (ethical) risks for customers and service employees.Research limitations/implicationsOur review focused on the business and service literature. Future work may want to include additional literature streams, including those in computer science, engineering and information systems.Originality/valueThis article is the first to synthesize the business and service literature on the impact of service robots on customers and employees.
Oesophageal sarcocystosis observed at slaughter provides a reliable and efficient proximate measure of Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in sheep
Authors: Taggart PL , McAllister MM , Rutley D , Caraguel CGB 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveSuccessful disease management requires effective surveillance. Slaughterhouse inspections provide opportunities to efficiently collect regular disease data from many animals across large areas. Toxoplasma is a cat‐borne parasite that causes reproduction failure in sheep, although it is not visually detectable at slaughterhouses. Macroscopic sarcocystosis is a disease of sheep that is visually detectable at slaughter and is caused by parasites that share a similar biology with Toxoplasma. We investigated if sarcocystosis could act as a proximate measure for Toxoplasma exposure in sheep to facilitate its efficient surveillance at large scales.Design/methodsWe compared the presence of macroscopic sarcocystosis to Toxoplasma serostatus at the animal and farm levels.ResultsAt the animal level, we found a weak association between Toxoplasma seropositivity and sarcocysts in the oesophagus (OR = 1.76 [95% CI: 1.17, 2.65; McFadden'sR2 = 0.01]) but no association between Toxoplasma seropositivity and sarcocysts in skeletal muscles. At the farm level, the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma was strongly associated with oesophageal sarcocystosis prevalence (OR = 28.59 [95% CI: 13.07, 62.57; McFadden'sR2 = 0.34]) but less strongly associated with sarcocystosis prevalence in skeletal muscles (OR = 7.91 [95% CI: 1.24, 50.39; McFadden'sR2 = 0.02]).ConclusionsFor Toxoplasma surveillance in sheep at the farm level, routine slaughter inspection and recording of macroscopic oesophageal sarcocystosis could be a reliable and efficient proximate measure. The monitoring of oesophageal sarcocystosis may be a useful passive Toxoplasma surveillance tool for guiding the timing and location of other Toxoplasma detection methods to facilitate the management of Toxoplasma impacts within the sheep industry.
Crystal structure of NirF: insights into its role in heme d1 biosynthesis
Authors: Klünemann Thomas , Nimtz Manfred , Jänsch Lothar , Layer Gunhild , Blankenfeldt Wulf 
Published: April 2020

Certain facultative anaerobes such as the opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa can respire on nitrate, a process generally known as denitrification. This enables denitrifying bacteria to survive in anoxic environments and contributes, for example, to the formation of biofilm, hence increasing difficulties in eradicating P. aeruginosa infections. A central step in denitrification is the reduction of nitrite to nitric oxide by nitrite reductase NirS, an enzyme that requires the unique cofactor heme d1. While heme d1 biosynthesis is mostly understood, the role of the essential periplasmatic protein NirF in this pathway remains unclear. Here, we have determined crystal structures of NirF and its complex with dihydroheme d1, the last intermediate of heme d1 biosynthesis. We found that NirF forms a bottom‐to‐bottom β‐propeller homodimer and confirmed this by multi‐angle light and small‐angle X‐ray scattering. The N termini are adjacent to each other and project away from the core structure, which hints at simultaneous membrane anchoring via both N termini. Further, the complex with dihydroheme d1 allowed us to probe the importance of specific residues in the vicinity of the ligand binding site, revealing residues not required for binding or stability of NirF but essential for denitrification in experiments with complemented mutants of a ΔnirF strain of P. aeruginosa. Together, these data suggest that NirF possesses a yet unknown enzymatic activity and is not simply a binding protein of heme d1 derivatives.DatabaseStructural data are available in PDB database under the accession numbers 6TV2 and 6TV9.