bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonsurgical Secondary Prophylaxis of Esophageal Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhotic Patients
Authors: Jing Liwei , Zhang Qiumeng , Chang Ziwei , Liu Hui , Shi Xuan , Li Xingyu , Wang Jing , Mo Yanbo , Zhang Xiujing , Ma Lizhuan , Li Zhiting , Zhang Chao 
Published: October 2020

Introduction:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nonsurgical secondary prophylaxis interventions for esophageal varices (EV) rebleeding in cirrhotic patients using network meta-analysis.

Materials and Methods:
Secondary prophylaxis of EV rebleeding in cirrhosis is searched on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases. The quality of literatures was extracted by 2 independent investigators according to the requirements of Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, Version 5.0.0. Meta-analysis was performed on Review Manager 5.3 software for the incidence of cirrhosis EV rebleeding, rebleeding-related mortality, and overall mortality; and STATA 15.1 software was used for network meta-analysis.

Results:
In all, 57 randomized controlled trials were reviewed. Endoscopic band ligation (EBL)+argon plasma coagulation has not been recommended by guidelines, and it is rarely used; the number of existing studies and the sample size are small. Considering poor stability of the combined results, these studies were excluded; 55 literatures were included. In terms of reducing the incidence of rebleeding, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) (94.3%) was superior to EBL+endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) (84.4%), EIS+β-blockers (77.9%), EBL (59.8%), EBL+β-blockers+isosorbide-5-mononitrate (52.7%), EBL+β-blockers (51.4%), EIS (34.2%), β-blockers+isosorbide-5-mononitrate (23.7%), β-blockers (20.8%), and placebo (0.8%). In reducing rebleeding-related mortality, TIPS SUCRA (87.2%) was more efficacious than EBL+EIS (83.5%), EIS (47.9%), EBL+β-blockers (47.4%), β-blockers (41.8%), EBL (34.5%), and placebo (7.6%). In reducing overall mortality, TIPS SUCRA (81.1%) was superior to EBL+EIS (68.9%), EIS+β-blockers (59.2%), EBL+β-blockers (55.4%), EIS (48.8%), EBL (48.7%), β-blockers (34.2%), placebo (3.6%).

Conclusions:
TIPS was more effective in reducing the incidence of cirrhosis EV rebleeding, rebleeding-related mortality, and overall mortality in cirrhosis. Combined with the above results, TIPS is more likely to be recommended as a secondary prophylaxis intervention for EV in cirrhosis.
Helicobacter pylori Infection and Serum Pepsinogen Level With the Risk of Gastric Precancerous Conditions
Authors: Zhou Xianzhu , Zhu Huiyun , Zhu Chunping , Lin Kun , Cai Quancai , Li Zhaoshen , Du Yiqi 
Published: October 2020

Background and Aim:
Gastric precancerous conditions are generally considered to play an essential role in the gastric carcinogenesis cascade. This study identified risk factors of gastric precancerous conditions in a nationwide multicenter cross-sectional study.

Methods:
Individuals who made their visit to 115 hospitals in China for gastric cancer screening were recruited. Lifestyle habits and personal information were collected through a series of questionnaires. Serum biomarker test (pepsinogen I, pepsinogen II, gastrin-17, and anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G antibody) and endoscopy were then performed. Risk factors for gastric precancerous conditions were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results:
Of 14,929 subjects eligible for analysis, 4477 (30.0%) developed gastric precancerous conditions and 405 (2.71%) developed gastric cancer. In multiple logistic regression, precancerous conditions were associated with advanced age [odds ratio (OR)=1.027; 95% confidence interval (Cl), 1.023-1.032; P<0.001], male gender (OR=1.303; 95% Cl, 1.188-1.429; P<0.001), H. pylori infection (OR=1.377; 95% Cl, 1.272-1.490, P<0.001), and smoking (OR=1.142; 95% Cl, 1.005-1.298, P=0.004), whereas they were inversely correlated with white meat intake (OR=0.731; 95% Cl, 0.673-0.794; P<0.001) and pepsinogen I level (30 to 70 subgroup OR=1.536; 95% Cl, 1.163-2.028; P=0.002; <30 subgroup OR=1.354; 95% Cl, 1.206-1.520; P<0.001). Also, the authors observed a statistically lower prevalence of reflux esophagitis (2.8% vs. 4.7%) and of gastric polyps (11.0% vs. 13.7%) in H. pylori-infected population.

Conclusions:
Patients with H. pylori have a 1.4-fold higher risk of having gastric precancerous conditions. Besides, precancerous conditions were associated with advanced age, male gender, H. pylori infection, and smoking in a large population. However, regular white meat intake and higher pepsinogen I level were associated with reduced risk of having precancerous lesions.
High Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Manifestations of COVID-19 Infection in Hospitalized Patients With Cancer
Authors: Grover Shilpa , Redd Walker D. , Zhou Joyce C. , Nije Cheikh , Wong Danny , Hathorn Kelly E. , McCarty Thomas R. , Bazarbashi Ahmad N. , Shen Lin , Chan Walter W. 
Published: October 2020

Background and Aim:
Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms have been reported with SARS-CoV-2 infection, but data on the prevalence and severity of GI symptoms in patients with cancer are limited. We sought to characterize the GI manifestations of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) in oncology patients.

Materials and Methods:
We performed a multicenter cohort study of adult patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in 9 Massachusetts medical centers and identified those with an active malignancy. We evaluated the prevalence and severity of GI symptoms among hospitalized COVID-19 patients with cancer.

Results:
Of 395 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, 36 (9%) had an active malignancy. Of the 36 cancer patients, 23 (63%) reported ≥1 new GI symptom. The most prevalent symptoms were anorexia (12, 52%), diarrhea (9, 39%), and vomiting (8, 35%). GI symptoms were the initial symptom in 4/36 (11%) patients, were the predominant symptom in 5/36 (14%) patients, and were severe in 4/23 (17%) patients. Four of 5 patients with GI symptoms at presentation reported concurrent fever; notably 1 patient had no fever or respiratory symptoms. Twelve (33%) patients had elevations in liver transaminases at presentation; patients with elevated transaminases were more likely to have associated GI symptoms (83% vs. 54%, P=0.04).

Conclusions:
Acute GI symptoms associated with COVID-19 are highly prevalent in hospitalized cancer patients and can occur as a presenting symptom without respiratory symptoms. Symptoms are severe in a small subset of patients.
EEC-LM-ADULT syndrome caused by R319H mutation in TP63 with ectrodactyly, syndactyly, and teeth anomaly
Authors: Otsuki Yuki , Ueda Koichi , Nuri Takashi , Satoh Chisei , Maekawa Ryuta , Yoshiura Koh-ichiro 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Ectrodactyly ectodermal dysplasia-cleft lip/palate (EEC) syndrome, limb-mammary syndrome (LMS), and acro-dermato-ungual-lacrimal-tooth (ADULT) syndrome are caused by a TP63 gene disorder and have similar features. In the present article, a R319H mutation in TP63 is reported, and the correlation between genotype and phenotype is discussed based on the current case and previous literature.

Patient concerns:
A 13-year-old Japanese boy had ectrodactyly in the right hand and left foot and syndactyly in the left and right foot, and tooth shape abnormalities.

Diagnoses:
Peripheral blood samples were obtained, and mutation analysis was performed. A heterozygous G>A transition at cDNA position 956 of the TP63 gene was found. The patient was diagnosed with ELA (EEC/LM/ADULT) syndrome based on his clinical features and mutation analysis results.

Interventions:
The patient underwent surgery to correct the left foot malformation at 1 year of age and the right foot syndactyly at 11 years of age.

Outcomes:
No complications were observed after the first and second operations. He can walk comfortably after them, and no additional interventions will be planned in him. We continued to follow up with him up to the present.

Lessons:
The concept of ELA syndrome, which is the original concept of combining 3 syndromes (EEC syndrome/LMS/ADULT syndrome) into a unique clinical entity, can help clinicians to better understand TP63-related syndromes and improve the differential diagnosis of these syndromes.
Chinese herbal compound combined with western medicine therapy in the treatment of plasma cell mastitis
Authors: Zhang Jindan , Xu Jianzhong , Zhang Jiao , Ren Yun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background:
Plasma cell mastitis (PCM) is a benign suppurative disease of the breast based on the expansion of mammary ducts and infiltration of plasma cells. It is relatively rare clinically, and its main manifestations include nonperiodic breast pain, nipple discharge, areola lump, nipple depression, nipple fistula, among others. Modern medicine is mainly surgical treatment, which is easy to recur. The clinical practice shows that the overall treatment of patients with TCM syndrome differentiation using oral medicine combined with western medicine therapy, combined internal and external treatment, can significantly improve the curative effect, prevent recurrence, has a certain therapeutic advantage, but lack of evidence of evidence-based medicine. The purpose of this study is to study the efficacy and safety of oral traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with western medicine therapy in the treatment of PCM.

Methods:
Use computer to retrieve English databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library) and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wan Fang, VIP, Chinese biomedical database), from the establishment of database to September 2020, for randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of oral TCM combined with western medicine therapy in the treatment of PCM, two researchers independently extracted the data and evaluated the quality of the included research, and meta-analysis was conducted on the included literatures using RevMan5.3 software.

Results:
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral TCM combined with western medicine therapy in the treatment of PCM from the aspects of effective rate, symptom score, recurrence rate, adverse reaction rate, and patient satisfaction.

Conclusion:
This study will provide reliable evidence-based evidence for the clinical application of oral TCM combined with western medicine therapy in the treatment of PCM.

Ethics and dissemination:
The purpose of this study is to sort out and analyze the literature. This systematic review also does not involve endangering participant rights. Ethical approval was not required. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated at relevant conferences.

OSF Registration number:
doi 10.17605/OSF.IO/K9A78.
A novel mutation in the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase synthesis-like gene associated with complex III deficiency and Björnstad syndrome
Authors: Liu Xuncan , Zhang Yanfeng , Liang Jianmin , Yang Si , Chen Chen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
The ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase synthesis-like (BCS1L) gene is located on chromosome 2 (2q35) and encodes an ATPase that is associated with various cellular activities and is embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane; this ATPase is presumed to facilitate the insertion of the Rieske Fe/S protein into precursors of Complex III (CIII) during the assembly of the respiratory chain. We report the first case of a compound heterozygous mutation in the BCS1L gene in China.

Patient concerns:
A 7-month-old girl presented with a 3-month history of psychomotor developmental retardation and a 1-month history of epilepsy combined with parallel psychomotor developmental deterioration. The clinical manifestations in the patient included psychomotor developmental retardation, infantile spasms, pili torti, tubulopathy, hepatic pathologies and lactic acidosis.

Diagnosis:
Combined with her clinical presentation, the patient was diagnosed with CIII deficiency and Björnstad syndrome caused by a novel mutation in the BCS1L gene after molecular biological examination. Whole exome sequencing revealed a compound heterozygous mutation with a missense mutation (c.548G > A/p. R183H) inherited from her mother and an insertion mutation (c.1061_1062insCTA/p. G354delinsGY) inherited from her father.

Interventions:
Before admission, the patient had received oral topiramate for 1 month. After admission, additional intravenous arginine hydrochloride was administered for five days in the acute metabolic disorder phase, and persistent cocktail therapy was introduced, including coenzyme Q10 (20 mg/d), carnitine (1 g/d) and vitamins (vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and vitamin C).

Outcomes:
The spasm seizures were decreased by 50% after 2 weeks of treatment. The blood ammonia, myocardial enzyme and urine glucose levels declined to normal levels. At a 1-month follow-up, the patient improved clinically with a decrease in spasm seizures of 75%, stronger sucking and more voluntary activities. However, she still had mild lactic acidosis and mild hepatic damage.

Lessons:
We reported the first patient with CIII deficiency and Björnstad syndrome in China and identified 1 novel mutation (C.1061_1062insCTA and P. G354delinsGY) in the BCS1L gene. This finding expands the BCS1L gene mutation profile and will be beneficial for genetic diagnosis.
Identification of Genomic Alterations in Sporadic Pancreatic Neurogenic Tumors
Authors: Wang Xi-Yu , Cai Jian-Peng , Song Le-Le , Huang Chen-Song , Chen Wei , Huang Xi-Tai , Chen Shi-Fu , Liu Xin-Yi , Yin Xiao-Yu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pancreatic neurogenic tumors, including schwannoma and neurofibroma, are rare, and their genetic aberrances have not been defined. The present study aimed at investigating the genomic alterations of pancreatic schwannoma and neurofibroma. Two patients with pancreatic schwannoma and 1 patient with neurofibroma, who underwent surgical resection at the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University between June 2016 and April 2019, were recruited into the study. Their tumor tissues were analyzed by exome sequencing and genome sequencing. Exome sequencing revealed a MUTYH likely pathogenic germline variant in 1 schwannoma with somatic NF2del and NOTCH1 amplification. Pathway enrichment analysis on the other schwannoma case showed that the main abnormal function involved DNA damage repair, mitosis, and cell cycle. In addition, genome sequencing showed the inversion (INV) variant of SPIRE gene and multiple mitochondrial INV variants in both schwannoma cases. Furthermore, exome sequencing revealed NF1del, single nucleotide variation, TP53, and ERBB3 amplification in neurofibroma, whereas genomic duplication/deletion variants and mitochondrial abnormalities were much less than that in schwannoma. In conclusion, variants in NF1 and NF2 genes, amplification of key driver genes, and somatic and mitochondrial INV variants may play important roles in the development of pancreatic schwannoma and neurofibroma.
Lewis Antigen Phenotype and Survival of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Kwon Sohee , Kim Sungsoo , Giovannucci Edward L. , Hidalgo Manuel , Markey Mia K. , Bovik Alan C. , Kwon Man Jae , Kim Kwang Joon , Im Hyungsoon , Park Jeong Youp , Bang Seungmin , Park Seung Woo , Song Si Young , Chung Moon Jae 
Published: October 2020

Objectives
The association of Lewis antigen phenotype with survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was investigated.

Methods
A total of 1187 patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were evaluated in a prospective cohort. Patients were classified into 3 different groups according to Lewis antigen phenotype: Lewis antigen (1) A positive [Le(a+b−)], (2) B positive [Le(a−b+)], and (3) negative [Le(a−b−)]. Risk of mortality was analyzed with Cox regression after adjusting for other predictors.

Results
The risk of mortality increased in the order of Le(a+b−), Le(a−b+), and Le(a−b−) [reference; hazard ratio (HR), 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI)], 1.03–1.57; P = 0.02; and HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.31–2.09; P < 0.001] after adjusting for other predictors. Among patients with serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 lower than 37 U/mL, the association seemed more apparent (reference; HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.77–2.29; P = 0.22; and HR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.10–4.02; P < 0.02).

Conclusions
The risk of mortality increased in the order of Le(a+b−), Le(a−b+), and Le(a−b−). The difference in prognosis according to the Lewis antigen phenotype was more pronounced in the low CA 19-9 group, which suggests that the Lewis antigen phenotype works as a biomarker predicting the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer with undetectable CA 19-9 level.
Interferon-Induced Protein With Multiple Tetratricopeptide Repeats 3 Is Associated With Response to Chemotherapy and Recurrence but Not With Survival
Authors: Popp Marie Christine , Klippstein Maximilian , Lohneis Philipp , Kalinski Thomas , Li Jiahui , Quaas Alexander , Bludau Marc , Wang Zhefang , Waldschmidt Dirk , Kunzmann Volker , Damanakis Alexander , Gebauer Florian , Zhao Yue , Bruns Christiane J. , Popp Felix C. 
Published: October 2020

Objectives
The interferon-induced protein with multiple tetratricopeptide repeats 3 (IFIT3) seems to be associated with the prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Here we clarify whether the heterogeneity of IFIT3 expression affects previous IFIT3 analysis.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzes pancreatic cancer tissue samples retrieved by surgery from 2 independent patient cohorts. Patients underwent either primary surgery (n = 72) or received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 12). Immunohistochemistry assessed IFIT3 expression and its heterogeneity. Complementarily, we analyzed publicly available transcriptomic data (n = 903).

Results
Of the primarily resected tumors, 16.4% were heterogeneous. Patients with IFIT3-negative tumors did not survive longer compared with patients with IFIT3-positive tumors. An analysis of publicly available data confirmed this result. Patients developing lung metastases had the best prognosis (4.8 years) with significantly lower IFIT3 expression compared with liver metastasis (P = 0.0117). Patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy who are IFIT3 negative had a longer disease-free survival (1.2 vs 0.3 years, P = 0.0081).

Conclusions
Low IFIT3 expression is not associated with longer survival. Divergent results from tissue microarray analyses could be explained with tumor heterogeneity. As a single biomarker, IFIT3 is not suitable for predicting disease prognosis. Recurrence of lung metastases and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy are associated with low IFIT3 expression.
Parent–Child Dyad’s Collective Family Efficacy and Risky Adolescent Health Behaviors
Authors: Kao Tsui-Sui Annie , Ling Jiying , Dalaly Mimi , Robbins Lorraine B. , Cui Yuehua 
Published: October 2020

Background
Parents play an influential role in their children’s health behaviors. Research has shown that individuals’ efficacy beliefs (personal and collective efficacy) are closely related to their behaviors and can be modified to improve health outcomes. Existing evidence confirms the effect of self-efficacy on various health outcomes. However, the effects of parent–child dyads’ collective efficacy beliefs on adolescents’ health outcomes are less clear. Bandura and his colleagues postulated that family members’ perceived collective family efficacy plays an important role in their psychological well-being and possibly their health behaviors. However, few study results have delineated the relationship between collective family efficacy and risky adolescent health behaviors.

Objectives
This study was conducted to examine the relationships among parent–adolescent dyads’ collective family efficacy, satisfaction with family functioning, depressive symptoms, personal efficacy beliefs, and adolescent risky health behaviors.

Methods
This cross-sectional study surveyed 158 parent–adolescent dyads from the Midwestern region of the United States. Linear regression and path modeling were conducted to examine the influences of dyads’ personal and collective efficacy beliefs on the adolescents’ negative attitudes toward healthy lifestyle practices, injury prevention, safe sex practices, substance use prevention, and depressive symptoms.

Results
Risky adolescent health behaviors were strongly correlated with higher depressive symptoms. The dyads’ personal and collective efficacy beliefs emerged as protective factors for adolescent health risks directly and indirectly through depressive symptoms. Both adolescents’ and parents’ perceived collective family efficacy buffered the effect of parent–adolescent dyads’ depressive symptoms on adolescent risky health behaviors with significant direct and indirect effects. Adolescents’ family efficacy, satisfaction with family functioning, and filial efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and risky health behaviors.

Discussion
Parent–adolescent dyads’ perceived collective family efficacy buffers adolescents from depressive symptoms and risky health behaviors. This finding suggests that family interventions should not only address adolescents’ personal-level efficacy but also their collective aspects of efficacy beliefs within the family context.
Relationship Between Balance Status and Risk of Falling Among Elderly Patients in Northern Turkey
Authors: Koç Zeliha , Sağlam Zeynep 
Published: October 2020

Objective:
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the relationship between balance status and risk of falling among elderly patients in northern Turkey.

Methods:
A total of 436 volunteer elderly inpatients in a university hospital were included in the study. In this study, fall risk among the elderly patients was determined by using the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model. The Berg Balance Scale was used to evaluate the elderly patients' ability to maintain their balance while performing daily activities.

Results:
The mean Berg Balance Scale scores were 31.9 ± 18.6 and 39.4 ± 15.1 among the falling and nonfalling elderly patients, respectively, and a statistically significant difference was found between these 2 groups (t = 3.868, P = .000). The mean scores on the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model were 2.1 ± 0.1 and 1.7 ± 0.1 in the falling and nonfalling groups, respectively, but this difference was not statistically significant (t = 1.567, P = .119).

Conclusion:
A negative correlation was identified between scores on the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model and the Berg Balance Scale among elderly patients who experienced falls. As the balance scale scores decreased, the risk of falling increased (r = −0.183, P = .05).