bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YouTube™ quality as a source for parent education about the oral hygiene of children
Authors: Duman Canan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesEarly childhood caries is the most common chronic disease of children and a worldwide health problem due to its high prevalence. Maintaining oral hygiene is the first step towards prevention, with parental education being a key factor influencing oral health. The increasing popularity of the Internet as an information source has led to the need to evaluate the reliability and quality of existing information. The aim of the present study was to review YouTube videos on oral hygiene procedures for children and to assess them in terms of their usefulness as a means of educating parents.MethodsA search of YouTube was performed using the keywords “child tooth brushing.” Video lengths, dates of upload, numbers of total views, likes, dislikes and comments were collected. Viewing rates and interaction rates were then calculated. Two dentists independently evaluated the included videos’ usefulness in terms of their content.ResultsThe majority of the 90 included videos (68.8%) were uploaded by health‐related professionals or websites. Many of the videos were found to be moderately useful (45.6%), with a smaller percentage found to be slightly useful (31.1%). The percentage of very useful videos was 17.8%. Parental supervision during brushing was highlighted in most of the videos (77.7%), while the importance of parents’ brushing for modelling (15.5%) was mentioned the least.ConclusionsYouTube videos can be used as a useful source for parental education. However, there is a need to improve the quality of the education provided by public health and oral health professionals.
Chemical composition and bioactivity potential of the new Endosequence BC Sealer formulation HiFlow
Authors: Rodríguez‐Lozano F. J. , López‐García S. , García‐Bernal D. , Tomás‐Catalá C. J. , Santos J. M. , Llena C. , Lozano A. , Murcia L. , Forner L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate in a laboratory setting the effects of Endosequence BC Sealer HiFlow (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA, USA), a novel calcium silicate‐based sealer developed for use in warm canal filling techniques, on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs).MethodologyEluates of EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow (BCHiF) (Brasseler USA), EndoSequence BC Sealer (BCS) (Brasseler USA) and AH Plus (AHP) (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany) were placed in contact with hPDLSCs. The characterization of the chemical elements of the root canal sealers was assessed using scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (SEM‐EDX). Inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) was used to determine the ion release of the sealers. MTT assay and wound healing techniques were used to determine cell viability and migration, respectively. Cell morphology and cell attachment were assessed using a direct contact technique of hPDLSCs onto the surface of the sealers and analysed by SEM. The bioactivity potential was carried out with the Alizarin Red and qPCR testing methods. The statistical differences were evaluated using one‐way anova and Tukey’s test (P < 0.05).ResultsICP‐MS and EDX revealed significantly more zirconium in BCHiF than BCS (P < 0.05), whereas BCS had slightly higher levels of Ca2+ than BCHiF (P < 0.05). The cell viability assay revealed no relevant differences between BCS and BCHiF when compared with the control group (P > 0.05). Both BCS and BCHiF had similar rates of cell migration to the control group at 24 and 48 h. Cell morphology and adhesion capacity were also similar for BCS and BCHiF groups, whilst the AHP group was associated with reduced adhesion capacity. The Alizarin Red assay revealed a significant difference between the BCS and the control group (P < 0.001), as well as for the BCHiF group (P < 0.001). Finally, BCS and BCHiF promoted overexpression of osteo/cementogenic genes.ConclusionsIn general, EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow possesses suitable biological properties to be safely used as a root canal filling material and promote increased expression of oste/cementogenic genes by hPDLSCs.
Preparation of Al2O3‐mullite thermal insulation materials with AlF3 and SiC as aids by microwave sintering
Authors: Fan Shuheng , Zheng Han , Gao Qiancheng , Li Yang , Chen Yongqiang , Liu Guoqi , Fan Bingbing , Zhang Rui 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAl2O3‐mullite composites were prepared under the synergy effect of AlF3 and SiC aids by microwave heating. The phase composition, microstructure, porosity, flexural strength, thermal shock resistance, and thermal conductivity were investigated. The XRD results revealed that the content of mullite phase steadily increased with the increasing of AlF3 content. The microstructure showed that the lower content (≤1 wt%) of AlF3 led to the formation of granular mullite and the higher content (≥3 wt%) of AlF3 led to the formation of mullite whiskers, which could form an interlocking structure. In addition, the SiC hot spots can also promote the generation of mullite whiskers by microwave sintering. The thermal shock resistance was significantly improved by the interlocking structure of mullite whiskers. The residual rate of flexural strength of the composite with 3 wt% AlF3 was 86%. The composite with 3 wt% AlF3 additives got its optimized thermal conductivity from 30°C to 950°C, the value was between 0.819 and 1.021 W/(mK), which possess excellent thermal insulation performance.
Australian and New Zealand consensus statement on the management of lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and myeloma during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Di Ciaccio Pietro , McCaughan Georgia , Trotman Judith , Ho Phoebe Joy , Cheah Chan Y. , Gangatharan Shane , Wight Joel , Ku Matthew , Quach Hang , Gasiorowski Robin , Polizzotto Mark N. , Prince Henry Miles , Mulligan Stephen , Tam Constantine S. , Gregory Gareth , Hapgood Greg , Spencer Andrew , Dickinson Michael , Latimer Maya , Johnston Anna , Armytage Tasman , Lee Cindy , Cochrane Tara , Berkhahn Leanne , Weinkove Robert , Doocey Richard , Harrison Simon J. , Webber Nicholas , Lee Hui‐Peng , Chapman Scott , Campbell Belinda A. , Gibbs Simon D. J. , Hamad Nada 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic poses a unique challenge to the care of patients with haematological malignancies. Viral pneumonia is known to cause disproportionately severe disease in patients with cancer, and patients with lymphoma, myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia are likely to be at particular risk of severe disease related to COVID‐19. This statement has been developed by consensus among authors from Australia and New Zealand. We aim to provide supportive guidance to clinicians making individual patient decisions during the COVID‐19 pandemic, in particular during periods that access to healthcare resources may be limited. General recommendations include those to minimise patient exposure to COVID‐19, including the use of telehealth, avoidance of non‐essential visits and minimisation of time spent by patients in infusion suites and other clinical areas. This statement also provides recommendations where appropriate in assessing indications for therapy, reducing therapy‐associated immunosuppression and reducing healthcare utilisation in patients with specific haematological malignancies during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Specific decisions regarding therapy of haematological malignancies will need to be individualised, based on disease risk, risks of immunosuppression, rates of community transmission of COVID‐19 and available local healthcare resources.
Oral health literacy, sociodemographic, family, and clinical predictors of dental visits among Brazilian early adolescents
Authors: Neves Érick Tássio Barbosa , Lima Larissa Chaves Morais de , Dutra Laio da Costa , Gomes Monalisa Cesarino , Siqueira Maria Betânia Lins Dantas , Paiva Saul Martins , Ferreira Fernanda Morais , Granville‐Garcia Ana Flávia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of dental caries is high in adolescents worldwide, and a large percentage have never been to a dentist or have not had regular dental appointments.AimTo evaluate the influence of oral health literacy and sociodemographic, clinical, and family factors on dental visits among early adolescents.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted with 740 12‐year‐old students in Campina Grande, Brazil. Students answered about their level of oral health literacy (BREALD‐30), levels of family adaptability and cohesion (FACES III), and visits to the dentist sometime in life. Dental caries experience was evaluated using Nyvad criteria. Robust Poisson regression for complex samples was performed.ResultsA higher level of oral health literacy (PR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.01‐1.03), high social class (PR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.09‐1.50), higher mother's schooling (PR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.37‐1.83), family cohesion classified as enmeshed (PR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.19‐2.02) and connected (PR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.02‐1.44), and the absence of toothache (PR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.01‐1.38) remained associated with having visited a dentist.ConclusionsOral health literacy and sociodemographic, family, and clinical factors were predictors of having visited a dentist among early adolescents.
Parents’ satisfaction with paediatric dental treatment under sedation: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Rodrigues Vinícius Braudes Martins , Costa Luciane Rezende , Corrêa de Faria Patrícia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatient‐reported outcomes are under‐investigated in the field of paediatric dental sedation.AimTo evaluate the satisfaction of parents/guardians with their children's dental sedation, compare it to the dentist's satisfaction, and identify associated factors.DesignThis study was performed with parents/guardians of young children treated under sedation and dentists. Participants’ satisfaction was measured using the visual analogue scale (0‐100). Child's behaviour was classified using the Ohio State Behavioural Rating Scale. Other information was collected during interviews and from patient charts. The Spearman's, Mann‐Whitney and Kruskal‐Wallis tests were performed (P < .05).ResultsA total of 167 parents/guardians and ten dentists participated in the study. Protective stabilisation and atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) were used in 69.9% and 51.5% appointments, respectively. The parents/guardians (median: 91 [25‐75 percentile: 75‐96]) and dentists (76 [23‐98]) were satisfied. Parental/guardian satisfaction was higher than dentist satisfaction (P ≤ .001). Parental/guardian satisfaction was positively correlated with quiet child behaviour (r = 0.347, P ≤ .001) and was associated with the non‐use of protective stabilisation (P ≤ .001), no previous toothache (P = .019), and the use of ART (P = .018).ConclusionThe participants were satisfied with treatment under sedation. Parents/guardians were more satisfied, especially, when the child had cooperative behaviour.
Active surveillance documents rates of clinical care seeking due to respiratory illness
Authors: Galanti Marta , Comito Devon , Ligon Chanel , Lane Benjamin , Matienzo Nelsa , Ibrahim Sadiat , Shittu Atinuke , Tagne Eudosie , Birger Ruthie , Ud‐Dean Minhaz , Filip Ioan , Morita Haruka , Rabadan Raul , Anthony Simon , Freyer Greg A. , Dayan Peter , Shopsin Bo , Shaman Jeffrey 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory viral infections are a leading cause of disease worldwide. However, the overall community prevalence of infections has not been properly assessed, as standard surveillance is typically acquired passively among individuals seeking clinical care.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in which participants provided daily diaries and weekly nasopharyngeal specimens that were tested for respiratory viruses. These data were used to analyze healthcare seeking behavior, compared with cross‐sectional ED data and NYC surveillance reports, and used to evaluate biases of medically attended ILI as signal for population respiratory disease and infection.ResultsThe likelihood of seeking medical attention was virus‐dependent: higher for influenza and metapneumovirus (19%‐20%), lower for coronavirus and RSV (4%), and 71% of individuals with self‐reported ILI did not seek care and half of medically attended symptomatic manifestations did not meet the criteria for ILI. Only 5% of cohort respiratory virus infections and 21% of influenza infections were medically attended and classifiable as ILI. We estimated 1 ILI event per person/year but multiple respiratory infections per year.ConclusionStandard, healthcare‐based respiratory surveillance has multiple limitations. Specifically, ILI is an incomplete metric for quantifying respiratory disease, viral respiratory infection, and influenza infection. The prevalence of respiratory viruses, as reported by standard, healthcare‐based surveillance, is skewed toward viruses producing more severe symptoms. Active, longitudinal studies are a helpful supplement to standard surveillance, can improve understanding of the overall circulation and burden of respiratory viruses, and can aid development of more robust measures for controlling the spread of these pathogens.
Defect structure evolution and electrical properties of BaTiO3‐based ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Lv Jiahao , Hao Hua , Jiang Xuewen , Liu Zhen , Emmanuel Marwa , Cao Minghe , Yao Zhonghua , Liu Hanxing 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRelaxor perovskite ferroelectric 0.1Bi(Zn1/2Zr1/2)O3‐0.9BaTiO3(0.1BZZ‐0.9BT) ceramics were successfully prepared, whose powders synthesized by the sol‐gel process, with average grain size about 1.29 μm. 1.75 J/cm3 discharge energy density and good dielectric stability were obtained over a wide temperature range from 25°C to 140°C. The pulse discharge capability of 0.1BZZ‐0.9BT ceramics was tested under different electric fields. The discharge time was 2.13 μs, which proved its ability to charge and discharge quickly. Complex impedance analysis and thermally stimulated depolarization current tests were applied to investigate the defect types and activation of 0.1BZZ‐0.9BT ceramics. The evolution process of composite defects and oxygen vacancies profoundly affects the dielectric temperature stability of 0.1BZZ‐0.9BT ceramics’ energy storage property.
Oceanographic heterogeneity influences an ecological radiation in elasmobranchs
Authors: Sandoval‐Castillo Jonathan , Beheregaray Luciano B. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimDuring ecological speciation, reproductive isolation is predicted to evolve between populations adapted to different biotic or abiotic environments despite the absence of geographical isolation. Regions of oceanographic heterogeneity (e.g. current interfaces, habitat transition zones, ecological gradients) are strong candidates for the presence of ecologically divergent natural selection, but their role in the radiation of elasmobranch species is yet to be tested. We used an integrative framework to assess the relative influence of oceanographic heterogeneity and geological history on the diversification of an elasmobranch genus.LocationGulf of California (GC) and Baja California Peninsula (BCP), Mexico.TaxonShovelnose guitarfish (genus Pseudobatos).MethodsWe sampled 210 Pseudobatos specimens from four distinct but physically connected oceanographic regions within the GC and in the BCP. We used genetic (mtDNA sequences and AFLP genotypes) and environmental (six oceanographic variables) datasets to clarify phylogenetic relationships, demographic history and evolutionary divergence among populations, and to test for associations between ecologically driven selection and reproductive isolation.ResultsPhylogenetic and population genetic evidence exposed five distinct lineages of Pseudobatos in the region, including four cryptic lineages in the GC. Phylogeographic analyses indicate a recent history of ecologically driven diversification associated with the Gulf's young oceanographic environment and its four ecologically discrete regions. This hypothesis was supported by seascape genetics, ecological niche modelling and by tests of selection.Main conclusionsWe propose an adaptive radiation for the genus Pseudobatos linked with habitat heterogeneity of the GC. Our study likely represents the first assessment of an ecological radiation in the highly diverse elasmobranch group. It capitalizes on the environmental and biogeographic settings of the GC to offer a new perspective about the application of integrative approaches to study divergent natural selection and diversification in the sea.
Latitudinal decline in stand biomass and productivity at the elevational treeline in the Ural mountains despite a common thermal growth limit
Authors: Hagedorn Frank , Dawes Melissa A. , Bubnov Maxim O. , Devi Nadezhda M. , Grigoriev Andrey A. , Mazepa Valeriy S. , Nagimov Zufar Y. , Shiyatov Stepan G. , Moiseev Pavel A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo quantify tree biomass and stand productivity of treeline ecotones and identify driving factors.Locationtreeline ecotones of seven regions from the South to Polar Urals, spanning a latitudinal gradient of 1,500 km.TaxaPicea obovata, Betula pubescens, Larix sibirica.MethodsStand biomass and productivity were estimated across 18 elevational transects from the tree species line to the closed forest line based on allometric measurements of 326 trees (including roots for 53 trees), stand structure assessments and demographic patterns of 20,600 trees. Stand growth data were linked to (a) temperatures monitored in situ for five years in the South and Polar Urals, (b) climate variables extrapolated from nearby climate stations and (c) measures of nutrient availability in soils and tree foliage.Resultstreeline position along the latitudinal gradient occurred at a similar mean growing season temperature. Despite the common cold limitation of tree distribution along the Ural mountain range, stand biomass and productivity within the treeline ecotone decreased by a factor of three and five from the South to the Polar Urals, mainly due to a declining stand density. Among climatic variables, growing season length decreased by 20% and winter temperatures declined by 4°C towards the Polar Urals, whereas growing degree days > 5°C remained similar, averaging 554 ± 9°C. Soil development was poorer in the Polar than in the South Urals, and plant‐available N and P in the soil were 20 and 30 times lower, respectively, probably due to lower winter temperatures.Main conclusionsOur results suggest that once the thermal limitation for tree growth is relieved, soil fertility—restricted by permafrost and low soil temperatures during winter—plays a key and yet underexplored role for stand productivity in treeline ecotones. The observed latitudinal decline in stand productivity is important for above‐ and belowground diversity and functioning.
Outlier detection methods are still effective even using virtual species created with the probabilistic approach
Authors: Liu Canran , White Matt , Newell Graeme 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLiu et al. (Journal of Biogeography, 2018, 45:164–176) presented an approach to detect outliers in species distribution data by developing virtual species created using the threshold approach. Meynard et al. (Journal of biogeography, 2019, 46:2141–2144) raised concerns about this approach stating that ‘using a probabilistic approach … may significantly change results’. Here we provide a new series of simulations using the two approaches and demonstrate that the outlier detection approach based on pseudo species distribution models was still effective when using the probabilistic approach, although the detection rate was lower than when using the threshold approach.
Magnetic resonance imaging–guided cryoballoon ablation for left atrial substrate modification in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kirstein Bettina , Morris Alan , Baher Alex , Csécs Ibolya , Kheirkhahan Mobin , Kaur Gagandeep , Kholmovski Eugene , Marrouche Nassir F. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundCryoballoon ablation (CBA) for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is an established modality for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). We report feasibility of left atrial (LA) substrate modification in addition to PVI both using the cryoballoon.MethodsLA substrates and CBA‐induced scar were assessed at baseline and 3 months after ablation using late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (LGE‐MRI). Common periprocedural data including postablation LGE‐MRI for evaluation of esophageal thermal injury, and CBA‐associated complications were collected. Freedom from AF recurrence at 12 months was assessed using Holter and 30‐day rhythm monitors.ResultsIn 26 patients (64 ± 11 years, 69% male; 27% persistent AF, CHADSVASC score: 2.3 ± 1.5; left ventricular ejection fraction: 56 ± 10%, oral anticoagulation with warfarin/direct oral anticoagulants: n = 11/15), referred for first‐time AF ablation, CBA of the pulmonary veins and extrapulmonary LA substrates was performed (median: 12 [interquartile range {IQR}: 7‐14] freezes over 1675 seconds [IQR: 1168‐2160]). On LGE‐MRI, significant postablation cryoballoon‐induced LA scar (median: 19.4% [IQR: 13.4‐24.7] in comparison to baseline preablation LA‐LGE (median: 10.6% [IQR 3.1‐13.1]; P = .01) was found. Freedom from AF recurrence at 12 months was 74.5% with median time‐to‐recurrence of 242 days (IQR: 172‐298). In 15 of 26 (58%) patients, esophageal enhancement on the postablation MRI was present with full recovery after 3 months. No major periprocedural complications were observed.ConclusionLA substrate modification in addition to PVI using LGE‐MRI‐guided CBA is feasible but still experimental. The efficacy and safety have to be investigated in a prospective randomized trial.
Seasonal variation and correlation analysis of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in Hangzhou, Southeast China
Authors: Shen Miaoda , Li Zhuoyang , Lv Duo , Yang Ge , Wu Ronghuan , Pan Jun , Wang Shuo , Li Yifan , Xu Sanzhong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to describe the 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) status of Southeast Chinese individuals influenced by season. The secondary aim was to determine the cutoff for sufficient 25(OH)D in a four‐season region. From January 2011 to June 2014, a total of 17 646 individuals were evaluated in our study. The serum levels of PTH were detected simultaneously in 5579 cases. A total of 25(OH)D and intact PTH were measured by the electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. The distribution of the concentration, prevalence and seasonal variability of 25(OH)D and PTH were studied. The mean 25(OH)D concentration in our study was 43.00(30.40) nmol/L. The prevalence of insufficiency (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L) was 62.87% and that of deficiency (<30 nmol/L) was 28.54%. Mean serum 25(OH)D levels revealed a limited sinusoidal profile throughout the year and were significantly higher in Autumn. On the other hand, PTH levels showed an opposite response to seasonal effects relative to 25(OH)D. Age, BMI and daylight were not significantly correlated with 25(OH)D and serum PTH reached a plateau at higher values of serum 25(OH)D of 42.86 nmol/L. This study demonstrated that Vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in Southeast China. The concentration of 25(OH)D in the male group was generally higher than that in the female group. Seasonal variation was an important aspect of 25(OH)D and PTH concentration. This study revealed that the optimal serum threshold of 25(OH)D for bone health should be between 40 and 50 nmol/L for Southeast Chinese individuals.