bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning Nonlinear Model Parameters in Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters to Match Experimental Data
Authors: Poblete Alejandro , Peralta Patricio , Ruiz Rafael O. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A framework that allows the use of well-known dynamic estimators in piezoelectric harvesters (PEHs) (i.e., deterministic performance estimators) and that accounts for the random error associated with the mathematical model and the uncertainties of model parameters is presented here. This framework may be employed for Posterior Robust Stochastic analysis, such as when a harvester can be tested or is already installed and the experimental data are available. In particular, the framework detailed here is introduced to update the electromechanical properties of PEHs using Bayesian techniques. The updated electromechanical properties are identified by adopting a Transitional Markov Chain Monte Carlo. A well-known device with a nonlinear constitutive relationship is employed for experiments in this study, and the results demonstrated the capability of the proposed framework to update nonlinear electromechanical properties. The importance of including model parameter uncertainties to generate robust predictive tools is also supported by the results. Therefore, this framework constitutes a powerful tool for the robust design and prediction of PEH performance.
A Friction-Enhanced Tuned Ring Damper for Bladed Disks
Authors: Lupini Andrea , Epureanu Bogdan I. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper introduces a new type of damper for turbomachinery blisks. The major pitfalls of the damper concepts currently employed are two: the low level of relative motion that is available at the damper attachment location, and the inability to control the preload at the frictional interface. To address these issues, the proposed damper is designed as a tuned vibration absorber (TVA), which allows energy transfer from the blades to the damper provided that the natural frequency of the damper is close to that of the host structure. Thanks to the enhanced energy transfer, the damper can experience increased relative motion. Frictional contacts are then included to dissipate the energy transferred to the damper. The damper structure must be stiff enough to withstand centrifugal loading without affecting the preload too much. However, it also must be compliant to make sure that its natural frequencies can match the ones of the host structure. For this reason, the proposed damper involves a complex geometry that is stiff in the radial direction and softer in the circumferential direction, which is the direction of the relative motion. A model of the damper is created to damp the vibration of a realistic blisk. The effectiveness of the damper is investigated using high fidelity finite element (FE) models. The frequency response of the system is obtained to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed design. Preliminary results show the potential of this technology for structures with such low damping.
Power Analysis of SDOF Structures With Tuned Inerter Dampers
Subjected to Earthquake Ground Motions
Authors: Shen Wenai , Long Zhentao , Wang Heng , Zhu Hongping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Tuned inerter dampers (TID) have been demonstrated as efficient energy dissipation devices for seismic response control. However, its potential capability for energy harvesting remains largely unexplored. Here, we present a theoretical analysis of the power of a structure-TID system subjected to earthquake ground motions. The analytical solutions (ASs) of the average damping power of the system are derived for considering white noise base excitations and the Kanai-Tajimi earthquake model, respectively. Comparisons of the numerical results of a Monte Carlo simulation and the theoretical predictions verify the accuracy of the analytical solutions. Besides, we uncover the influence of the TID parameters on the average damping power and output power of the system. The optimal frequency ratio of the TID for maximizing its output power slightly differs from that for seismic response control, and the former varies with site conditions. In contrast, both the damping power and output power are not sensitive to the damping ratio of the TID. For short-period structures, a small inertance-to-mass ratio (μ) of the TID is beneficial to maximize its output power, while seismic response control requires a large μ. For long-period structures, the damping power and output power are not sensitive to the μ. Generally, a structure-TID system on a soft soil site absorbs more energy from a given earthquake and is capable of harvesting more energy than that on a hard soil site. This study may help develop new strategies for self-powered control and monitoring in civil structures.
The M Waves Emitted by an Expanding Phase Boundary Create a “Lacuna”
Authors: Markenscoff Xanthippi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The M waves introduced by Burridge and Willis (1969, “The Self-Similar Problem of the Expanding Crack in an Anisotropic Solid,” Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc., 66(2), pp. 443–468) are emitted by the surface of a self-similarly expanding elliptical crack, and they give Rayleigh waves at the corresponding crack speed. In the analysis for the self-similarly expanding spherical inclusion with phase change (dynamic Eshelby problem), the M waves are related to the waves obtained on the basis of the dynamic Green’s function containing the contribution from the latest wavelets emitted by the expanding boundary of phase discontinuity, and they satisfy the Hadamard jump conditions for compatibility and linear momentum across the moving phase boundary of discontinuity. In the interior of the expanding inclusion, they create a “lacuna” with zero particle velocity by canceling the effect of the P and S. It is shown that the “lacuna” and Eshelby properties are also valid for a Newtonian fluid undergoing phase change in a self-similarly expanding ellipsoidal region of a fluid with different viscosity.
Study on Incorporation of New Design Fatigue Curves and a New Environmental Fatigue Correction Factor for PWR Environment Into the JSME Environmental Fatigue Evaluation Method
Authors: Asada Seiji , Zhang Shengde , Takanashi Masahiro , Nomura Yuichiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Improved design fatigue curves were developed in the Subcommittee on Design Fatigue Curve in the Atomic Energy Research Committee in the Japan Welding Engineering Society (JWES). Working Group on Design Fatigue Curves (WG DFC) in the JSME has studied the validity and the applicability of the improved design fatigue curves developed in the JWES to incorporate into the JSME Environmental Fatigue Evaluation Method. The authors propose a fatigue analysis method using the design fatigue curves developed in the JWES that are applied revised factors to optimize the environmental fatigue analysis.
Also, the Japanese pressurized water reactor (PWR) utility group developed equations of environmental fatigue factors (Fen) for austenitic stainless steel base metal, weld metal and cast stainless steel in PWR environment. The WG DFC has investigated the Fen equations and concluded that the Fen equation of austenitic stainless steel base metal is the most conservative among the three equations and close to NUREG/CR-6909 Rev.1 [24]. The authors propose to use the Fen equation for base metal for austenitic stainless steels for all of the base metal, weld metal and cast stainless steel. In addition, the authors have confirmed that the employment of the proposed Fen equation to the proposed design fatigue curves of austenitic stainless steels accurately predicts the existing environmental fatigue test data of austenitic stainless steels, which were used in the development of the current Fen equation of austenitic stainless steels in PWR environments in the JSME Environmental Fatigue Evaluation Method. Therefore, the proposed Fen equation can be applied to environmental fatigue evaluation for austenitic stainless steels.
Stand Up Now: A Sedentary Behavior Intervention in Older Adults of Moderate to Low Physical Function
Authors: Thralls Butte Katie , Levy Susan S. 
Published: December 2020

Objectives: To examine the efficacy of an the intervention Stand Up Now (SUN) to reduce sedentary behavior (SB) and improve physical function and mobility. Methods: SUN included two groups: (a) focused on reducing total SB (SUNSL) and (b) focused on increasing sit-to-stand (STS) transitions (SUNSTS). The participants (N = 71; Mage = 87 ± 7 years) had 12 weekly health coaching sessions. SB, physical function, and mobility were measured at the baseline, 6, and 12 weeks via the activPAL, Short Physical Performance Battery, and the 8-foot up and go, respectively. Linear mixed models examined the outcome variables over time. Results: Both groups decreased sedentary time (1.3 ± 0.3 hr, p < .001), increased standing time (0.5 ± 0.2 hr, p < .02), and improved physical function (1.5 ± 0.4 points, p < .001) from the baseline to 6 weeks, and they maintained it at 12 weeks. SUNSTS increased STS transitions (5.4 ± 4.1, p < .001), while SUNSL had no changes (0.5 ± 3.1, p > .9). There were no changes in mobility for either group (0.5 ± 1.5 s, p > .05). Discussion: SUN demonstrates the efficacy to improve SB and physical function in older adults.
Pooled Saliva Specimens for SARS-CoV-2 Testing
Authors: Barat Bidisha , Das Sanchita , De Giorgi Valeria , Henderson David K. , Kopka Stacy , Lau Anna F. , Miller Tracey , Moriarty Theresa , Palmore Tara N. , Sawney Shari , Spalding Chris , Tanjutco Patricia , Wortmann Glenn , Zelazny Adrian M. , Frank Karen M. 
Published: December 2020

We evaluated saliva (SAL) specimens for SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) testing by comparison of 459 prospectively paired nasopharyngeal (NP) or midturbinate (MT) swabs from 449 individuals with the aim of using saliva for asymptomatic screening. Samples were collected in a drive-through car line for symptomatic individuals (
n
= 380) and in the emergency department (ED) (
n
= 69).
Virtual online consultation platforms for secondary care: a review of the options
Authors: Shah Neha , Thakrar Amit , Visvanathan Shankar , Thamban Sujatha 
Published: December 2020

Objectives
The primary objective of this paper was to independently evaluate the currently available web-based software options for virtual consultations in a secondary care setting.

Design
Comparative study.

Setting
UK.

Participants
Web-based software options for virtual consultations in a secondary care setting.

Main outcome measures
Eight predetermined measures of functionality were assessed including time to setup, availability of a diary system, ability to book appointments in advance, ability to send patient reminders, ability to add a second caller, text messaging functionality, need for the patient to download an app and web browser compatibility.

Results
Nine platforms met the inclusion criteria for web-based standalone video consultation solutions. Four offered immediate access via an nhs.net email address. Six platforms used an appointment diary system, with five allowing clinicians to see which patients were ready and waiting for consultation at any particular time. Four of the platforms had the facility to book appointments in advance and send appointment details via text message or email. Five of the platforms had the ability to add a second caller. One platform required the patient to download a mobile phone app. All platforms were compatible with Google Chrome, Safari, Firefox and Microsoft Edge (Chromium or Blink versions).

Conclusions
The uptake of virtual online consultations has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic and the National Health Service (NHS) has become a forced ‘early-adopter’. Many of the solutions do well to address the demand; however, more work is required for it to be embedded into routine service and fulfil the aims of the NHS Long Term Plan: allow patients more choice and flexibility in their care. It is vital that once normality resumes, research focuses on the outcomes of virtual online consultations, with focus on factors such as patient satisfaction, length of appointment, time to diagnosis and initiation of management.
Comparison of a progestin-primed ovarian stimulation protocol with a flexible GnRH antagonist protocol in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome who are participating in an IVF programme: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Wang Ningling , Zhu Qianqian , Ma Meng , Liang Zhou , Tao Yu , Wang Yun , Kuang Yanping 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionWomen with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) protocols are typically characterised by an increased number of oocytes retrieved. The oocytes are often of poor quality, leading to lower pregnancy rates, higher miscarriage rates and an increased risk of developing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Since our previous preliminary study showed that a novel progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol blocked the luteinising hormone (LH) surge during IVF and achieved a higher pregnancy rate with a lower incidence of OHSS, we designed a prospective randomised controlled trial to compare the efficacy and safety of this PPOS protocol with the flexible gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol in patients with PCOS who are undergoing IVF procedures.Methods and analysisPatients with PCOS will be randomised to one of two controlled ovarian stimulation regimens—GnRH antagonist or PPOS—using a computer-generated random number. A freeze-all strategy using embryo vitrification techniques and frozen embryo transfer will be performed in both groups. The primary outcome is the live-birth rate per transfer. Secondary outcomes include the incidence of premature LH surges, the duration and total dose of human menopausal gonadotropin stimulation, the number of oocytes retrieved, the incidence of moderate or severe OHSS, the number of embryos available for transfer, implantation rates, clinical pregnancy rates, pregnancy loss rates, ectopic pregnancy rates, pregnancy and neonatal complications, and congenital anomalies. The necessary sample size for this trial was estimated as 392 participants, with 196 participants in each group. Intention-to-treat analysis was used in processing our experimental data.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the hospital (2016-133-T82). The trial will be conducted according to the principles of the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki and in accordance with Good Clinical Practice standards. The findings of this trial will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberChiCTRIPR16009580.
Predicting severe pneumonia in the emergency department: a global study of the Pediatric Emergency Research Networks (PERN)—study protocol
Authors: Florin Todd Adam , Tancredi Daniel Joseph , Ambroggio Lilliam , Babl Franz E , Dalziel Stuart R , Eckerle Michelle , Mintegi Santiago , Neuman Mark , Plint Amy C , Kuppermann Nathan 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionPneumonia is a frequent and costly cause of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalisations in children. There are no evidence-based, validated tools to assist physicians in management and disposition decisions for children presenting to the ED with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The objective of this study is to develop a clinical prediction model to accurately stratify children with CAP who are at risk for low, moderate and severe disease across a global network of EDs.Methods and analysisThis study is a prospective cohort study enrolling up to 4700 children with CAP at EDs at ~80 member sites of the Pediatric Emergency Research Networks (PERN; https://pern-global.com/). We will include children aged 3 months to <14 years with a clinical diagnosis of CAP. We will exclude children with hospital admissions within 7 days prior to the study visit, hospital-acquired pneumonias or chronic complex conditions. Clinical, laboratory and imaging data from the ED visit and hospitalisations within 7 days will be collected. A follow-up telephone or text survey will be completed 7–14 days after the visit. The primary outcome is a three-tier composite of disease severity. Ordinal logistic regression, assuming a partial proportional odds specification, and recursive partitioning will be used to develop the risk stratification models.Ethics and disseminationThis study will result in a clinical prediction model to accurately identify risk of severe disease on presentation to the ED. Ethics approval was obtained for all sites included in the study. Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Institutional Review Board (IRB) serves as the central IRB for most US sites. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Results will be disseminated through international conferences and peer-reviewed publications. This study overcomes limitations of prior pneumonia severity scores by allowing for broad generalisability of findings, which can be actively implemented after model development and validation.
Design and rationale of the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium international, multicentre, observational study
Authors: Li Bassi Gianluigi , Suen Jacky , Barnett Adrian Gerard , Corley Amanda , Millar Jonathan , Fanning Jonathon , Lye India , Colombo Sebastiano , Wildi Karin , Livingstone Samantha , Abbate Gabriella , Hinton Samuel , Liquet Benoit , Shrapnel Sally , Dalton Heidi , Fraser John F 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThere is a paucity of data that can be used to guide the management of critically ill patients with COVID-19. In response, a research and data-sharing collaborative—The COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium—has been assembled to harness the cumulative experience of intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide. The resulting observational study provides a platform to rapidly disseminate detailed data and insights crucial to improving outcomes.Methods and analysisThis is an international, multicentre, observational study of patients with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection admitted to ICUs. This is an evolving, open-ended study that commenced on 1 January 2020 and currently includes >350 sites in over 48 countries. The study enrols patients at the time of ICU admission and follows them to the time of death, hospital discharge or 28 days post-ICU admission, whichever occurs last. Key data, collected via an electronic case report form devised in collaboration with the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium/Short Period Incidence Study of Severe Acute Respiratory Illness networks, include: patient demographic data and risk factors, clinical features, severity of illness and respiratory failure, need for non-invasive and/or mechanical ventilation and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and associated complications, as well as data on adjunctive therapies.Ethics and disseminationLocal principal investigators will ensure that the study adheres to all relevant national regulations, and that the necessary approvals are in place before a site may contribute data. In jurisdictions where a waiver of consent is deemed insufficient, prospective, representative or retrospective consent will be obtained, as appropriate. A web-based dashboard has been developed to provide relevant data and descriptive statistics to international collaborators in real-time. It is anticipated that, following study completion, all de-identified data will be made open access.Trial registration numberACTRN12620000421932 (http://anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12620000421932.aspx).
Gender disparities in depressive and anxiety symptoms among internal migrant workers in Shenzhen: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hou Fengsu , Liu Huiming , Peng Xiaodong , You Liqin , Zhou Zhijian , Xie Haiyan , Liu Tiebang 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the gender disparities in the prevalence and severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms and associated factors among internal migrant workers in Shenzhen.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingLabour intensive factories in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.ParticipantsWe recruited 3200 internal migrant workers who aged over 18 years old and above and did not register in Shenzhen’s household registration system. There were 3095 participants eligible for this study.MethodsParticipants completed sociodemographic questionnaire, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire and Meaning in Life Questionnaire. We applied χ2test, analysis of variance, Wilcoxon rank test, Fisher’s exact test and univariate and multivariate multilevel linear regression analysis.ResultsThe overall prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 27.85% and 19.26% among internal migrant workers. We reported gender disparities of depressive and anxiety symptoms among participants that the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was higher in women (30.57% vs 26.43% and 22.67% vs 17.47%), and the symptoms were more severe among women. Female migrant workers were more likely to be singled, have lower prevalence of smoking and drinking, receive less education and monthly income, have higher level of impulsiveness and social support and lower level of meaning in life. We found age, marriage, income, adaption to living in Shenzhen, being discriminated, drinking, loneliness, impulsiveness, social support, coping strategies and meaning of life were associated with the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms among internal migrant workers in Shenzhen.ConclusionGender inequality may be the institutional factor leading to disparities in depressive and anxiety symptoms among internal migrant workers. Interventions should be embedded with strategies improving gender equality.
Deregulated miRNA expression is associated with endothelial dysfunction in post-mortem lung biopsies of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Centa Ariana , Fonseca Aline S. , da Silva Ferreira Solange G. , Azevedo Marina Luise V. , de Paula Caroline Busatta V. , Nagashima Seigo , Machado-Souza Cleber , dos Santos Miggiolaro Anna Flavia R. , Pellegrino Baena Cristina , de Noronha Lucia , Cavalli Luciane R. 
Published: December 2020

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are critical modulators of endothelial homeostasis, which highlights their involvement in vascular diseases, including those caused by virus infections. Our main objective was to identify miRNAs involved in the endothelial function and determine their expression in post-mortem lung biopsies of COVID-19 patients with severe respiratory injuries and thrombotic events. Based on functional enrichment analysis, miR-26a-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-34a-5p were identified as regulators of mRNA targets involved in endothelial and inflammatory signaling pathways, as well as viral diseases. A miRNA/mRNA network, constructed based on protein–protein interactions of the miRNA targets and the inflammatory biomarkers characterized in the patients, revealed a close interconnection of these miRNAs in association to the endothelial activation/dysfunction. Reduced expression levels of selected miRNAs were observed in the lung biopsies of COVID-19 patients ( n = 9) compared to the Controls ( n = 10) ( P < 0.01-0.0001). MiR-26a-5p and miR-29b-3p presented the best power to discriminate these groups (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.8286, and AUC = 0.8125, respectively). The correlation analysis of the miRNAs with inflammatory biomarkers in the COVID-19 patients was significant for miR-26a-5p [IL-6 ( r2 = 0.5414), and ICAM-1 ( r2 = 0.5624)], and miR-29b-3p [IL-4 ( r2 = 0.8332) and IL-8 ( r2 = 0.2654)]. Altogether, these findings demonstrate the relevance and the non-random involvement of miR-26a-5p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-34a-5p in endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the occurrence of severe lung injury and immunothrombosis.