bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Sonographic Scoring Model in the Prediction of Major Salivary Gland Tumors
Authors: Lo Wu‐Chia , Chang Chih‐Ming , Wang Chi‐Te , Cheng Po‐Wen , Liao Li‐Jen 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesTo create a sonographic scoring model in the prediction of major salivary gland tumors and to assess the utility of this predictive model.Study DesignRetrospective case series, academic tertiary referral center.MethodsTwo hundred fifty‐nine patients who underwent ultrasound (US), US‐guided needle biopsies, and subsequent operations were enrolled. These data were used to build a predictive scoring model and the model was validated by 10‐fold cross‐validation.ResultsWe constructed a sonographic scoring model by multivariate logistic regression analysis: 2.08 × (boundary) + 1.75 × (regional lymphadenopathy) + 1.18 × (shape) + 1.45 × (posterior acoustic enhancement) + 2.4 × (calcification). The optimal cutoff score was 3, corresponding to 70.2% sensitivity, 93.9% specificity, and 89.6% overall accuracy. The mean areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (c‐statistic) in 10‐fold cross‐validation was 0.90.ConclusionsThe constructed predictive scoring model is beneficial for patient counseling under US exam and feasible to provide us the guidance on which kind of needle biopsy should be performed in major salivary gland tumors.Level of Evidence3b Laryngoscope, 131:E157–E162, 2021
The impact of pronoun choices on consumer engagement actions: Exploring top global brands' social media communications
Authors: Labrecque Lauren I. , Swani Kunal , Stephen Andrew T. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo enhance the understanding of consumer engagement with brand content on social media, this study examines how pronoun choices affect different types of consumer engagement (e.g., likes, comments, shares) by simultaneously exploring five different pronoun types (first‐person singular, first‐person plural, second person, third‐person singular, and third‐person plural). Furthermore, this study explores how the effects of these linguistic (pronoun) choices vary across two brand classifications: characteristics (hedonic vs. utilitarian) and offerings (goods vs. services). The proposed multivariate Poisson regression model, analyzing 15,788 unique brand posts from Facebook over an 8‐month period, reveals differences in engagement due to pronoun usage across brand classifications. These results offer a deeper understanding of how the way brands talk to consumers on social media platforms influences consumers' attitudes (likes), propensity to engage with the brand (comments), and willingness to share branded content with their social networks (shares) across different brand classifications.
A Pilot Double‐Blind Randomized Trial of Perampanel for Essential Tremor
Authors: Handforth Adrian , Tse Winona , Elble Rodger J. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundPerampanel is a noncompetitive antagonist of alpha‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methylisoxazole propionic acid glutamate receptors suggested to modulate tremor.ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and tolerability of perampanel for essential tremor.MethodsThis was a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized, cross‐over trial involving 26 patients titrated to 8 mg/day or a lower maximally tolerated dose as monotherapy or adjunct to antitremor medication. Tremor was assessed at the beginning and end of each 14‐week treatment arm. The primary endpoint was change in the videotaped performance subscale of The Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale, scored by a blinded rater. Secondary endpoints included change in The Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale Activity of Daily Living and Quality of Life in Essential Tremor and Subject Global Impression of Change subscales.ResultsData are available for 15 and 11 participants who completed placebo and perampanel arms, respectively. Perampanel was superior to placebo on the primary endpoint (P = 0.028), Activity of Daily Living (P = 0.009), and Subject Global Impression of Change (P = 0.016), but not Quality of Life (p = 0.48). Video scores were rated >50% improved in 3/11 on perampanel and 0/15 on placebo. Adverse events were more likely on perampanel (especially at >4 mg/day) than on placebo, leading to withdrawal (36% vs. 10%) and dose reduction (41% vs. 15%). Adverse events more common with perampanel included imbalance/falls (50% vs. 10%), dizziness (36% vs. 10%), and irritability (27% vs. 5%).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that perampanel exerts efficacy for some persons with essential tremor, but this population appears prone to adverse events.
MIR‐138‐5P inhibits the progression of prostate cancer by targeting FOXC1
Authors: Huang Hui , Xiong Ying , Wu Zhensheng , He Yuhui , Gao Xianglin , Zhou Zhangyan , Wang Tao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundStudies have suggested that micro‐RNAs (miRNAs) can function as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor in cancers. However, the role of MIR‐138‐5P (613394) in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear.MethodsExpression level of MIR‐138‐5P in PCa cell lines and normal cell line was analyzed with the quantitative real‐time PCR method. Cell counting kit‐8 assay, colony formation assay, wound‐healing assay, and transwell invasion assay were performed to analyze the biological functions of MIR‐138‐5P.ResultsWe showed MIR‐138‐5P expression level was significantly decreased in PCa cell lines compared with the normal cell line. Overexpression of MIR‐138‐5P inhibits PCa cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, and cell invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, we showed Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1, 601090) was a direct target for MIR‐138‐5P in PCa. We confirmed that overexpression of FOXC1 partially reversed the effects of MIR‐138‐5P on PCa cell behaviors.ConclusionsCollectively, we showed that MIR‐138‐5P functions as a tumor suppressor gene in PCa via targeting FOXC1.
Conference report on contractures in musculoskeletal and neurological conditions
Authors: Nuckolls Glen H. , Kinnett Kathi , Dayanidhi Sudarshan , Domenighetti Andrea A. , Duong Tina , Hathout Yetrib , Lawlor Michael W. , Lee Sabrina S. M. , Magnusson S. Peter , McDonald Craig M. , McNally Elizabeth M. , Miller Natalie F. , Olwin Bradley B. , Raghavan Preeti , Roberts Thomas J. , Rutkove Seward B. , Sarwark John F. , Senesac Claudia R. , Vogel Leslie F. , Walter Glenn A. , Willcocks Rebecca J. , Rymer William Z. , Lieber Richard L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLimb contractures are debilitating complications associated with various muscle and nervous system disorders. This report summarizes presentations at a conference at the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab in Chicago, Illinois, on April 19–20, 2018, involving researchers and physicians from diverse disciplines who convened to discuss current clinical and preclinical understanding of contractures in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, stroke, cerebral palsy, and other conditions. Presenters described changes in muscle architecture, activation, extracellular matrix, satellite cells, and muscle fiber sarcomeric structure that accompany or predispose muscles to contracture. Participants identified ongoing and future research directions that may lead to understanding of the intersecting factors that trigger contractures. These include additional studies of changes in muscle, tendon, joint, and neuronal tissues during contracture development with imaging, molecular, and physiologic approaches. Participants identified the requirement for improved biomarkers and outcome measures to identify patients likely to develop contractures and to accurately measure efficacy of treatments currently available and under development.
Optimal reference electrode placement for accessory and axillary nerve conduction studies
Authors: Day Timothy J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundVarious techniques are described for proximal motor nerve conduction studies (NCSs). We investigated alternative reference electrode (E2) locations for accessory and axillary NCSs.MethodsMulti‐channel recordings were made from trapezius or deltoid referred to different sites, and from those sites referred to a remote electrode. Responses were compared using grouped statistics, and correlation analysis.ResultsFor accessory NCSs, all belly:E2 montages showed comparable responses but axillary NCSs were more variable. Low amplitude contamination was seen at the sternum and contralateral acromion but greater distortion using other potential E2 sites. In both accessory and axillary studies, the ipsilateral acromion showed moderate activity, which correlated with the belly:remote response.ConclusionsVariation in E2 electrode sites may significantly distort the measured compound muscle action potential (CMAP). For accessory and axillary NCS, a sternal reference has favorable characteristics. Other sites, such as ipsilateral acromion or deltoid insertion, may not yield a representative CMAP.
The role of bladder wall thickness in the evaluation of detrusor underactivity: Development of a clinical nomogram
Authors: De Nunzio Cosimo , Lombardo Riccardo , Cicione Antonio , Trucchi Alberto , Carter Simon , Tema Giorgia , Nacchia Antonio , Vicentini Carlo , Tubaro Andrea 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim of our study was to investigate noninvasive predictors for detrusor underactivity (DUA) in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and benign prostatic enlargement (BPE).MethodsA consecutive series of patients aged 45 years or older with non‐neurogenic LUTS were prospectively enrolled. Patients underwent standard diagnostic assessment including International Prostatic Symptoms Score, uroflowmetry, urodynamic studies (cystometry and pressure‐flow studies), transrectal ultrasound of the prostate, and ultrasound measurements of the bladder wall thickness (BWT). Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate predictors of DUA, defined as a bladder contractility index < 100 mm H2O. A nomogram was developed based on the multivariable logistic regression model.ResultsOverall 448 patients with a mean age of 66 ± 11 years were enrolled. In a multivariable logistic age‐adjusted regression model BWT (odds ratio [OR]: 0.50 per mm; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30‐0‐66; P = .001) and Qmax (OR: 0.75 per mL/s; 95% CI, 0.70‐0.81; P = .001) were significant predictors for DUA. The nomogram based on the model presented good discrimination (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.82), good calibration (Hosmer‐Lemeshow test, P > .05) and a net benefit in the range of probabilities between 10% and 80%.ConclusionsAccording to our results, BWT and Qmax can noninvasively predict the presence of DUA in patients with LUTS and BPE. Although our study should be confirmed in a larger prospective cohort, we present the first available nomogram for the prediction of DUA in patients with LUTS.
Wound healing improvement by curcumin‐loaded electrospun nanofibers and BFP‐MSCs as a bioactive dressing
Authors: Golchin Ali , Hosseinzadeh Simzar , Jouybar Aytak , Staji Masumeh , Soleimani Masoud , Ardeshirylajimi Abdolreza , Khojasteh Arash 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWound healing, one of the most complex processes of the body involving the cooperation of several important biomolecules and pathways, is one of the major therapeutic and economic issues in regenerative medicine. The present study aimed to introduce a novel electrospun curcumin (Cur)‐incorporated chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol/carbopol/polycaprolactone nanofibrous composite for concurrent delivery of the buccal fat pad‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BFP‐MSCs) and Cur to a full‐thickness wound on the mouse model. Scaffolds were characterized structurally using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fluorescence microscopy imaging and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and toxicity of the scaffolds was also evaluated after BFP‐MSC seeding by SEM imaging and 3‐(4,5 dimethyiazol‐2‐1)‐2‐5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Then, its influence on the wound‐healing process was investigated as a wound dressing for a full‐thickness skin defect in mouse model. Results demonstrated that the designed composite scaffolds have the capability for cell seeding and support their growth and proliferation. Macroscopic and histopathological characteristics were evaluated at the end of the 7 and 14 days after surgery, and their results showed that our designed scaffold groups accelerated the wound‐healing process compared with the control group. Among those, scaffold/Cur, scaffold/Cur/BFP‐MSC and scaffold/BFP‐MSC groups demonstrated more wound repair efficacy. These results indicated that the combined grafts can be used to improve the wound‐healing process, and therefore, the electrospun nanofibers presented in this study, Cur and BFP‐MSC together, were demonstrated to have promising potential for wound‐dressing applications.
Effects of host‐directed therapies on the pathology of tuberculosis
Authors: Tsenova Liana , Singhal Amit 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), has co‐evolved with the human immune system and utilizes multiple strategies to persist within infected cells, to hijack several immune mechanisms, and to cause severe pathology and tissue damage in the host. This delays the efficacy of current antibiotic therapy and contributes to the evolution of multi‐drug‐resistant strains. These challenges led to the development of the novel approach in TB treatment that involves therapeutic targeting of host immune response to control disease pathogenesis and pathogen growth, namely, host‐directed therapies (HDTs). Such HDT approaches can (1) enhance the effect of antibiotics, (2) shorten treatment duration for any clinical form of TB, (3) promote development of immunological memory that could protect against relapse, and (4) ameliorate the immunopathology including matrix destruction and fibrosis associated with TB. In this review we discuss TB‐HDT candidates shown to be of clinical relevance that thus could be developed to reduce pathology, tissue damage, and subsequent impairment of pulmonary function. © 2020 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Permeation of CO2 and N2 through glassy poly(dimethyl phenylene) oxide under steady‐ and presteady‐state conditions
Authors: Soniat Marielle , Tesfaye Meron , Mafi Amirhossein , Brooks Daniel J. , Humphrey Nicholas D. , Weng Lien‐Chun , Merinov Boris , Goddard William A. , Weber Adam Z. , Houle Frances A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGlassy polymers are often used for gas separations because of their high selectivity. Although the dual‐mode permeation model correctly fits their sorption and permeation isotherms, its physical interpretation is disputed, and it does not describe permeation far from steady state, a condition expected when separations involve intermittent renewable energy sources. To develop a more comprehensive permeation model, we combine experiment, molecular dynamics, and multiscale reaction–diffusion modeling to characterize the time‐dependent permeation of N2 and CO2 through a glassy poly(dimethyl phenylene oxide) membrane, a model system. Simulations of experimental time‐dependent permeation data for both gases in the presteady‐state and steady‐state regimes show that both single‐ and dual‐mode reaction–diffusion models reproduce the experimental observations, and that sorbed gas concentrations lag the external pressure rise. The results point to environment‐sensitive diffusion coefficients as a vital characteristic of transport in glassy polymers.
Nutritional status, intake, and outcomes in critically ill children with bronchiolitis
Authors: Ng Glenn Y. H. , Ong Chengsi , Wong Judith J. M. , Teoh Oon Hoe , Sultana Rehena , Mok Yee Hui , Lee Jan Hau 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundOptimal nutrition in children with severe bronchiolitis remains poorly described. We aimed to describe nutritional status and practices in children with severe bronchiolitis requiring admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and explore their associations with outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study on patients with bronchiolitis requiring PICU stay from 2009 to 2014. Demographics, medical data, and baseline weight‐for‐length Z‐scores (WLZ) were collected. In patients requiring more than 48 hours of PICU stay, nutritional intake data in the first 3 days of PICU stay were collected. Underfeeding and overfeeding were defined as the median energy intake of less than 80% and more than 120% of requirements, respectively. Protein adequacy was defined as intake of more than 1.5 g/kg/d. Primary and secondary outcomes of interest were the duration of PICU stay and mechanical ventilation (MV), respectively.ResultsSeventy‐four patients were included, with a median PICU stay of 4.9 days (interquartile range 2.0‐8.2). Low WLZ at baseline was associated with longer duration of PICU stay (adjusted β: 4.33 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49‐8.18]; P = .028) and MV days (adjusted β: 4.87 [95% CI, 1.56‐8.18]; P = .008) compared to appropriate WLZ. In patients with ≥48 hours PICU stay, protein adequacy was significantly associated with greater PICU (adjusted β coefficient, 6.35 [95% CI, 1.66‐11.0]; P = .009) and MV days (adjusted β coefficient, 5.22 [95% CI, 1.06‐9.38]; P = .015).ConclusionAmong bronchiolitis patients admitted to the PICU, low WLZ at admission was associated with a longer duration of PICU stay and MV. Protein adequacy was associated with longer PICU and MV days in children with ≥48 hours of PICU stay.
Nocturnal hypoventilation in Down syndrome children with or without sleep apnea
Authors: Richard Nicolas , Beydon Nicole , Berdah Laura , Corvol Harriet , Aubertin Guillaume , Taytard Jessica 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is a high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children with Down syndrome (DS), sometimes associated with alveolar hypoventilation.ObjectiveTo compare transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PtcCO2) and pulse oximetry (SpO2) in children with DS and in control children with OSA.Patients and MethodsThis retrospective case‐control study involved children followed in Trousseau Hospital (Paris) Sleep Center. Polysomnography (PSG) recordings and clinical files of children with DS were reviewed to identify clinical signs of OSA and comorbidities associated with DS. Controls were children who presented with OSA of ENT origin without other comorbidities (exceptions: two overweight, one obese, and three with well‐controlled asthma). DS subjects and controls were matched for age and apnea hypopnea index.ResultsThere were 28 children in each group. Mean PtcCO2 during sleep was significantly higher in patients with DS compared to controls (44 mm Hg vs 42 mm Hg, P = .001). Five (21%) patients with DS met the American Academy of Sleep medicine criteria for hypoventilation, compared to one (4%) in the control group. The mean PtcO2 during sleep was significantly lower in patients with DS (77 mm Hg vs 82 mm Hg, P = .003).ConclusionsThis is the first study to compare nocturnal gas exchange in children with DS to a control group of children with similar OSA. Our data demonstrate that children with DS have increased PtcCO2 regardless of the presence of OSA and its severity. This may be due to respiratory muscle hypotonia and/or ventilatory control alteration in patients with DS.
New mass spectrometry concepts for characterization of synthetic polymers and additives
Authors: Inutan Ellen D. , Meher Anil K. , Karki Santosh , Fischer Joshua L. , Imperial Lorelie F. , Foley Casey D. , Jarois Dean R. , El‐Baba Tarick J. , Lutomski Corinne A. , Trimpin Sarah 
Published: February 2020

RationaleNew ionization processes have been developed for biological mass spectrometry (MS) in which the matrix lifts the nonvolatile analyte into the gas phase as ions without any additional energy input. We rationalized that additional fundamental knowledge is needed to assess analytical utility for the field of synthetic polymers and additives.MethodsDifferent mass spectrometers (Thermo Orbitrap (Q‐)Exactive (Focus); Waters SYNAPT G2(S)) were employed. The formation of multiply charged polymer ions upon exposure of the matrix/analyte(/salt) sample to sub‐atmospheric pressure directly from the solid state and surfaces facilitates the use of advanced mass spectrometers for detection of polymeric materials including consumer products (e.g., gum).ResultsAstonishingly, using nothing more than a small molecule matrix compound (e.g., 2‐methyl‐2‐nitropropane‐1,3‐diol or 3‐nitrobenzonitrile) and a salt (e.g., mono‐ or divalent cation(s)), such samples upon exposure to sub‐atmospheric pressure transfer nonvolatile polymers and nonvolatile salts into the gas phase as multiply charged ions. These successes contradict the conventional understanding of ionization in MS, because can nonvolatile polymers be lifted in the gas phase as ions not only by as little as a volatile matrix but also by the salt required for ionizing the analyte through noncovalent metal cation adduction(s). Prototype vacuum matrix‐assisted ionization (vMAI) and automated sources using a contactless approach are demonstrated for direct analyses of synthetic polymers and plasticizers, minimizing the risk of contamination using direct sample introduction into the mass spectrometer vacuum.ConclusionsDirect ionization methods from surfaces without the need of high voltage, a laser, or even applied heat are demonstrated for characterization of detailed materials using (ultra)high‐resolution and accurate mass measurements enabled by the multiply charged ions extending the mass range of high‐performance mass spectrometers and use of a split probe sample introduction device. Our vision is that, with further development of fundamentals and dedicated sources, both spatial‐ and temporal‐resolution measurements are within reach if sensitivity is addressed for decreasing sample‐size measurements.