bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the calcium and phosphorus exchange dynamics in germinating oilseeds
Authors: Samofalova L A , Artyomova E N , Safronova O V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article is aimed at unifying technological approaches to production of functional drinks from hemp and soybean seeds. We studied the change in chemical states of calcium and phosphorus during swelling and germination, as one of the factors that enable the osmoregulation of the protein complex and increase stability of plant dispersions from bioactivated seeds. Seeds at rest, swelling seeds and germinating seeds and aqueous dispersions based on them were studied. The sources of insoluble and soluble forms of macronutrients in the cellular structures of bioactivated seeds were studied. It has been established that swelling forms of calcium included in the general metabolism become mobile. A further increase in calcium content in the aqueous dispersion up to 98.5% is accompanied by a rapid increase in conditionally soluble calcium (14.6 times) and an increase in stability of the system. Calcium metabolism in seeds is accompanied by changes in the phosphorus-salt composition. Within 48 hours, with an insignificant (4.7%) decrease in total phosphorus, an increase in soluble inorganic phosphorus (67.5%) and a decrease in organic phosphorus (51.9%) were observed. The appearance of inorganic phosphates and calcium ions in cell juice can be associated with the hydrolysis of phytin. In such forms, digestibility of phosphorus and calcium increases. Similar results were obtained for dispersions from germinating soybean seeds.
Effect of metal nanoparticles on the accumulation and structure of rapeseed carbohydrates
Authors: Churilova V V , Churilov G I , Churilov D G , Polischuk S D , Arapov I S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The purpose was to conduct field tests of the most active metal nanoparticles of iron, cobalt and copper to realize the maximum accumulation of polysaccharides in plants; to develop a method for obtaining and studying the structure of polysaccharides obtained from plants treated before sowing with metal nanoparticles; to study the physical-chemical characteristics of polysaccharides and the monosaccharide composition under the influence of metal nanoparticles. Before sowing, seed treatment was carried out with suspensions of nanoparticles with a concentration of 0.5 g/ha (hectare seed sowing rate). Observed under the influence of copper nanoparticles, the yield increased by 15 % comparison to the control one. When determining the monosaccharide composition, in addition to changing the quantitative content of monosaccharides, a high concentration of galacturonic acid was observed, especially when treating seeds with copper nanoparticles before sowing.
Growth features of rare species of the Fabaceae l. family on sod-carbotate soils in the flora of the Novgorod region
Authors: Abdushaeva Ia M , Shtro O V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The results of geobotanical description of natural landscapes are provided in this paper. The agrochemical characteristics of soils on the studied areas are given. The habitats of rare and genetically significant species of legumes in the flora of the Novgorod region were identified. The soil cover of the Novgorod region is extremely complex and diverse, which is due to the large heterogeneity of the terrain, the diversity of soil-forming rocks and the difference in the bioclimatic situation in its areas. Millennial anthropogenic activity also left its strong imprint on the soil pattern. In the soils of the region, depending on the features of the parent rocks and other conditions, the nature of the horizon also changes. In some cases, it is metamorphic, in others - eluvial-illuvial or illuvial. Morphological differences are reflected in the chemical and physical properties of the respective layers. The development of sod-podzolic soils on carbonate moraine, common in all natural areas of the region and known as sod-podzolic residual carbonate, is characterized by varying degrees of secondary saturation of the bases of the upper horizons or only weak unsaturation with distinct morphological podzol content. The deceleration rate of the podzolic process depends both on the intensity and method of cultivation, and on the saturation degree of rock carbonate content, the depth of the carbonate occurrence and its nature. The features of formation, structure, properties and classification of sod-carbonate soils of the Novgorod region are observed in this research. Data on agricultural use of various subtypes of sod-carbonate soils in comparison with sod-podzolic soils are presented below.
Evaluation methodology of the potential of agricultural universities in the “experimental digital pilot farm” project
Authors: Solodovnik A I , Gulyaeva T I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The digitization of agriculture needs the methodological support in comprehensive assessment of scientific and educational, experimental and industrial potential of agricultural universities. The article examines the methodology and criteria of this potential evaluation under the project “experimental digital pilot farm”. The findings include the evaluation scheme of such project’s development on the basis of the agricultural university. The integrated index of the evaluation has also been developed with the use of the statistics method, the sociological and expert survey. It is argued that the objective evaluation of the digitization efficiency on the level of a particular farm will help to choose differential strategies on digital transformation of agrarian enterprises.
Conformity assessment of product quality in the consumer market
Authors: Shelamova S A , Derkanosova N M , Konovalova S N , Zharikova O A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Among the traditional types of tea in the Russian market, Chinese Pu-erh tea has a special place. In the work, samples of Pu-erh tea presented on the market of Voronezh were investigated. The samples of black and green tea were compared. By mass fraction of moisture, water-soluble extractive substances, total ash, and the share of soluble ash, all tea samples met the standards. The amount of tannin in some samples of Pu-erh tea was low — 4.6–6.0% in NE; in terms of antioxidant activity (AOA), AOA, they were also inferior to black and green tea. A general positive correlation of tannin and AOA levels was noted. The fact that not all polyphenols have antioxidant properties is evidenced by the fact that the tannin content in tea samples differed by 7 times, AOA - by 3 times. To determine the antioxidant activity (AOA), we used the electrochemical titration method on an Expert-006 instrument in a cell with a background electrolyte — KBr in a H2SO4 solution; the marker is ascorbic acid. It is established that the method is simple, convenient; gives a relative error within 5%.
The taxonomic structure of southern chernozem at the genus level influenced by microbial preparations and farming systems
Authors: Melnichuk T N , Abdurashytov S F , Andronov E E , Abdurashytova E R , Egovtseva A Yu , Gongalo A A , Turin E N , Pashtetskiy V S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The taxonomic structure of the microbiome of southern chernozem compared to virgin soil was studied in the stationary experiment on the use of microbial preparations in the conditions of traditional for the steppe part of the Crimea and each culture of the five-field crop rotation of the farming system and no-till. Among 823 genera it was revealed 7 dominant ones: Candidatus Nitrososphaera, Rubrobacter, Flavisolibacter, Segetibacter, Bacillus, Balneimonas, Skermanella. The low level of cellulose-decomposing bacteria of the genus Cellulomonas was remarked in southern chernozem. The highest proportion of the representatives of this genus was observed in virgin soil (0.55 %), while the farming systems contributed to its decline in 1.3-1.6 times. Microorganisms of the genera Erwinia and Xanthomonas with phytopathogenic properties were found with a minimum proportion in communities from 0.003 % to 0.014 % and 0 – 0.005%, respectively.
The complex metagenomic analysis of the taxonomic structure of the soil microbiome allowed us to establish that the use of microbial preparations reduces the negative impact of the no-till farming system on the microbiocenosis of southern chernozem and improves its environmental feasibility in the Crimean steppe.
Coherence degree characteristic of production, industrial and food security of agro-industrial complex subsystems
Authors: Vysotskaya E A , Briantseva L V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article substantiates the urgent need to assess the coherence degree of production, industrial and food security in the framework of the state agricultural development program implementation. The authors combine two approaches to assessing industrial and production security, and also the processes of ensuring industrial security are considered using the example of dairy production. The small-scale coherence degree of the industrial component in ensuring the food security of Russia is shown.
The Russian consumer food market, the problems of its functioning
Authors: Vysotskaya E A , Derkanosova N M , Remizov D G , Khuzina N A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The functions of the consumer market, their changes, the essence and importance according to economic transformations are considered. The central place of the consumer food market is substantiated, special attention is paid to it during the transformations, its differences, features, significance in the degree of socio-economic development of the country are highlighted. The subjects of the market, the objectives of their business, and conflicts of interest are shown, which indicates the need to regulate their relationships for the stability and security of the consumer market. The problems in the field of food quality and safety, causes, significance, solutions. The current state of the consumer market, the role of import substitution, the dynamics of achieving food safety thresholds, growth indicators to produce basic products, increasing food exports, and prospects for its development are given. Knowing the problems of the functioning of the consumer market makes it possible to predict its further development as the basis for developing strategic models for the sale of goods and making profit, directions and the intensity of transformations not only for various sectors of the agro-industrial complex, food industry, but also for the business of packing, storing and transporting food. The need for market research, in which the consumer market should be perceived as a single functioning complex with all its problems, is emphasized.
Assessment of the potassium state of leached chernozem with long-term application of fertilizers and ameliorant
Authors: Kozhokina A N , Myazin N G , Brehov P T , Podrezov P I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
An objective assessment of the ability of the soil to supply plants with potassium is possible only when determining a set of indicators - the content of various forms of potassium in the soil and the degree of their mobility. In this regard, we conducted studies to study the effect of long-term fertilizer and ameliorant application on the content of various forms of potassium and potassium buffer capacity of the soil. The studies were carried out in a field experiment laid down in 1986. A six-field crop rotation was mastered in the experiment. We studied 7 options for experience. Soil samples were taken after the fifth rotation of the crop rotation. The results showed that long-term fertilizer application creates quite high reserves of various forms of potassium in the soil. The most intensive accumulation of forms available for plant nutrition (mobile and metabolic) was facilitated by the introduction of mineral fertilizers against the background of organic aftereffects. The use of ameliorant leads to the increase in non-exchange fixation of potassium. The study of the potential buffering capacity of leached chernozem with respect to potassium showed that even with a sufficiently high content of its mobile and metabolic forms, the soil can be characterized by a deterioration of the potash state.
Comparative analysis towards the use of needle-shaped working body in sieve and sieve-free multifaceted crushers
Authors: Voronin V V , Yarovoy M N , Vorokhobin A V , Chekhunov O A , Druzhinin R A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The paper provides comparative studies about the use of a needle-shaped working body in a sieve and sieve-free crusher of a multifaceted type. The possibility of reducing the energy intensity regarding the process of grinding feed grain is revealed, taking into account the quality of the end product in a hammer-type multifaceted crusher of a sieve-free type by using the needle-shaped shock elements in a crushing chamber.
To identify the influence patterns of the needle-shaped working elements on the quality and energy indicators of the working process in crushing feed grain performed by a sieve-free multifaceted type crusher, a rotor was produced and tested experimentally.
In the research the energy indicators were measured by the standard method, crusher performance was determined, and a grinding module and the qualitative composition of the crushed product were defined. Based on the research results, the experimental dependencies were built, which allowed to identify the following structural and technological parameters of the crusher: the optimal number of shock elements placed on the rotor; peripheral speed of the working bodies; specific energy consumption; the composition of the particle-size product with a different grinding module, the presence of pulverulent fractions (< 0.2 mm), as well as the amount of coarse fraction (> 2 mm). The experimental results have confirmed the feasibility of using the needle-shaped working element in a sieve-free crusher of a multifaceted type.
Using collector-drainage water in saline and arid irrigation areas for adaptation to climate change
Authors: Khamidov M Kh , Balla D , Hamidov A M , Juraev U A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The paper presents data of scientific research on the conditions of the Bukhara oasis of Uzbekistan reducing the salinity of collector-drainage water through water plants Lemna minor, Azolla caroliniana, Eichhornia crassipes and scientific and practical recommendations for the irrigation of cotton biologically purified collector-drainage waters. A decrease in the salinity of collector-drainage water with a salinity of 3-5 g/l was achieved with the help of aquatic plants Lemna minor and Azolla caroliniana, using them as an additional source of water for irrigation of cotton variety Bukhara-102, a high harvest of raw cotton, as well as saved river water and prevented environmental pollution.
Nonlinear analysis of dynamic loads of the model haulm removing working body
Authors: Frolov D I , Kurochkin A A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Significant rotation speeds are required for the qualitative removal of leaf-stem mass from the field when using a rotating working body. An urgent task is to obtain data to evaluate the nonlinear effect of forces on the working body when removing leaf-stem mass. In the article, the degree of influence of the weight of the stems of the leaf-stem mass and centrifugal forces acting on the top-working working body using non-linear dynamic analysis was studied. The implementation of computer simulation was achieved using the CAD-CAE SOLIDWORKS system. As a result of the nonlinear analysis in SOLIDWORKS Simulation, the results of the stresses, displacements, and deformations acting on the top-working working body model were obtained, which made it possible to identify weak points of the working body. The analysis of the obtained data revealed the influence of centrifugal force and weight of the cut leaf-stem mass on the knives of the working body of the haulm machine, which will allow taking these effects into account in the developed design.
Agrarian establishment social position under conditions of the rural qualitative transformation
Authors: Goncharov V N , Erokhin A M , Kolosova O U , Ivashova V A , Chvalun R V , Berkovsky V A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article analyzes theoretical approaches to the modern understanding of the category of “social position” regarding the agricultural establishment and its role in the period of qualitative transformations of the agricultural sector. Studying the publications of the world scientific community allows highlighting a number of areas of discussion about the social position of the professional establishment; it is also relevant for the agricultural sector. On the basis of empirical data from a well-developed agrarian region in the south of Russia we studied the opinions of representatives of the professional agrarian establishment (specialists from successful agricultural enterprises and future specialists – students). It has been established that leading specialists of agricultural enterprises occupy a high social status both in the production team and in the local community. Future specialists (with higher professional agricultural education) associate their expectations with a high social status in the professional and local community. Thus they claim all the attributes associated with a high status: a high salary, a real estate ownership, an intellectual labor lifestyle, and leadership in the production team and the local community.
Agrobiological method of phytomelioration of degraded pastures using the cuttings of calligonum aphyllum and roll coulisses
Authors: Tsagan-Mandzhiev N L , Eviev V A , Belyaeva B I , Muchkaeva G M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Natural pastures, which occupy about 80% of the territory of the Republic of Kalmykia of the Russian Federation, are the basis of the fodder base for animal husbandry. Intensive and irrational exploitation of pastures disrupted the existing ecological balance and led to desertification of the territory. The most negative processes of land degradation were manifested in the Black Lands in the form of anthropogenic desertification. Such processes of anthropogenic desertification take place not only in the North-West Caspian Region of the Russian Federation, but also in a number of developing countries of the world. These regions located in the arid zone are in great need of realizing the potential of their land and plant resources. The experiments were carried out on sandy massifs on the territory of the Yashkul region of the Republic of Kalmykia of the Russian Federation. Accounting and observations were carried out according to the methods of All-Union Scientific Research Institute of fodder named after V.R. Williams and of All-Union Instruction for Geobotanical Research of Natural Foraging Sites and Compilation of Large-scale Geobotanical Maps. The method proposed by us is aimed at solving the problems of combating desertification, anthropogenic degradation of pastures by creating mechanical barriers for the movement of sands at the initial stage of growth and rooting of Calligonum aphyllum seedlings. The use of this technique has significantly increased the survival rate of Calligonum aphyllum seedlings (from 30 to 70%), and thus, in general, improve the effectiveness of phytomeliorative work.
Revisiting food security in the Rostov region
Authors: Mironova O A , Ermolenko O D , Bogdanova R M , Balashova N N , Gorbacheva A S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the regional aspects of ensuring the country‘s food security. On the example of the Rostov region, the key problems of ensuring food security at the mesoscale are analyzed. A model of the organizational and economic mechanism for ensuring food security in the Rostov region is developed and a set of measures aimed at improving the region’s self-sufficiency in food is proposed.
The synthesis of graphene coated copper from PMMA and the anticorrosion performance of copper substrate
Authors: Wu Wanwan , Liu Ping , Chen Xiaohong , Fan Jun , Chen Shaohuo , Liang Dong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this research, the low temperature process for growing graphene from solid carbon source PMMA under atmospheric pressure was firstly investigated. Through adjusting the growth temperature (600 °C–800 °C) and other process parameters, using the chemical vapor deposition method, single or double layers of graphene grown on a copper substrate. Without control pressure, this way improved controllability of graphene preparation and reduced production costs. The morphology, quality of graphene was revealed by SEM, XPS, Raman, UV–vis. Additionally, the conductive test results illustrate that the graphene on the surface of the copper matrix slightly soars the conductivity of copper. This is due to the process of annealing and growth that alters the structure of the material. The results of the Tafel experiments, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements and cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests demonstrate that the graphene film can effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the copper matrix. Compared to the single layer graphene coating, double-layers graphene coating has a better anti-corrosion effect. This is in that the double-layers graphene coating can block the defects of the single-layer graphene in time, and better prevent the intrusion of Cl− into the copper matrix, so as to achieve a good anti-corrosion effect.
Experimental study of temperature erosion tests on bidirectional coated and uncoated composites materials
Authors: Mendoza Mendoza J C , Vera Cardenas E E , Perez A I Martinez , Ledesma Ledesma S , Vite Torres M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this research work, temperature erosion wear tests, on composites materials (carbon fiber and glass fiber), were carried out. The tests were made on uncoated and coated materials using a polyester resin (Gelcoat), which is used to protect the leading edge of wind turbine blades against the weather and UV rays and is of interest, in this study, to know the behaviour of this coating subjected to hard particles erosion. The tests were performed at 50 °C, in order to simulate de extreme temperature in the coast of Oaxaca, Mexico, where some wind turbines are installed using blades made of fiberglass coated with gelcoat. Erosion tests were performed in a platform that was developed from the ASTM G76 standard. The rectangular samples had 25 × 18 mm and thickness of 4 mm. Sea sand from coast of Oaxaca was utilized as erosive particle. Three different impact angles were used 75°, 85° and 90°. The particle velocity was adjusted at 12 m s−1. To determine the mass loss, the samples were weighed before the test and reweighed every 2 min to measure the amount of mass loss until complete the 6 min of the test. In order to identify the wear mechanisms, Scanning Electron Microscopy was used. The average roughness (Ra) and profiles of the samples tested were determined with a 3D optical profilometer. The results showed that Carbon fiber composite material had 3 times more resistance to erosive wear than fiberglass.