bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attachment and the archive: barriers and facilitators to the use of historical sociology as complementary developmental science
Authors: Duschinsky Robbie 
Published: December 2019

ArgumentThis article explores historical sociology as a complementary source of knowledge for scientific research, considering barriers and facilitators to this work through reflections on one project. This project began as a study of the emergence and reception of the infant disorganized attachment classification, introduced in the 1980s by Ainsworth’s student Mary Main, working with Judith Solomon. Elsewhere I have reported on the findings of collaborative work with attachment researchers, without giving full details of how this came about. Here, I will offer personal reflections arising from the process, and my work in what Hasok Chang has called history as “complementary science.”
Testing efficacy of a multi-site environmental education programme in a demographically and biologically diverse setting
Authors: Brown Ella R. , Imron Muhammad Ali , Campera Marco , Nekaris K.A.I. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryCreating and assessing relatively broad conservation education curricula is important when trying to reach a variety of students. We used a curriculum centred around a storybook in 12 schools in four separate areas of Indonesia, reaching 529 students. We visited each school twice, and taught the ecology and importance of the target taxa, Indonesia’s seven threatened slow loris species (Nycticebusspp.). Through cultural consensus analyses and structural equation modelling, we found that students from all regions showed improvements in knowledge, and that the distance from the forest to where children lived, teachers’ use of given education materials, and students’ use of the storybook all affected student performance in drawing and essay accuracy. Here we make suggestions for creating and evaluating multi-site environmental education programmes. We recommend creating curricula that are not inclusive of any particular community; providing teachers with materials to supplement a conservation intervention; giving each child their own copy of any visual materials used in the lessons; following up with students and teachers about the use of such materials; and interviewing teachers and students regarding their experience with and attitudes towards the study subject. Furthermore we suggest practitioners share their materials and have confidence in adapting them for other species and locations.
Standardising Dementia Diagnosis Across Linguistic and Educational Diversity: Study Design of the Indian Council of Medical Research-Neurocognitive Tool Box (ICMR-NCTB)
Authors: Iyer Gowri K. , Paplikar Avanthi , Alladi Suvarna , Dutt Aparna , Sharma Meenakshi , Mekala Shailaja , Kaul Subhash , Saroja Aralikatte Onkarappa , Divyaraj Gollahalli , Ellajosyula Ratnavalli , Ghosh Amitabha , Hooda Roopa , Justus Sunita , Kandukuri Rajmohan , Khan Arfa Banu , Mathew Robert , Mathuranath P.S. , Menon Ramsekhar , Nandi Ranita , Narayanan Jwala , Nehra Ashima , Padma M.V , Pauranik Apoorva , Ramakrishnan Subasree , Sabnis Prerana , Sarath Lekha , Shah Urvashi , Tripathi Manjari , Sylaja P.N. , Varma Ravi Prasad , Verma Mansi , Varghese Feba ,   ICMR Neurocognitive Tool Box Consortium
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectives:While the burden of dementia is increasing in low- and middle-income countries, there is a low rate of diagnosis and paucity of research in these regions. A major challenge to study dementia is the limited availability of standardised diagnostic tools for use in populations with linguistic and educational diversity. The objectives of the study were to develop a standardised and comprehensive neurocognitive test battery to diagnose dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to varied etiologies, across different languages and educational levels in India, to facilitate research efforts in diverse settings.Methods:A multidisciplinary expert group formed by Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) collaborated towards adapting and validating a neurocognitive test battery, that is, the ICMR Neurocognitive Tool Box (ICMR-NCTB) in five Indian languages (Hindi, Bengali, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam), for illiterates and literates, to standardise diagnosis of dementia and MCI in India.Results:Following a review of existing international and national efforts at standardising dementia diagnosis, the ICMR-NCTB was developed and adapted to the Indian setting of sociolinguistic diversity. The battery consisted of tests of cognition, behaviour, and functional activities. A uniform protocol for diagnosis of normal cognition, MCI, and dementia due to neurodegenerative diseases and stroke was followed in six centres. A systematic plan for validating the ICMR-NCTB and establishing cut-off values in a diverse multicentric cohort was developed.Conclusions:A key outcome was the development of a comprehensive diagnostic tool for diagnosis of dementia and MCI due to varied etiologies, in the diverse socio-demographic setting of India.
Neuropsychological Alterations in Narcolepsy with Cataplexy and the Expression of Cognitive Deficits
Authors: Medrano-Martinez Pablo , Peraita-Adrados Rosa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectives:The objective of our study was to assess attention processes and executive function in patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy (NT1). To do so, we compared the results with those of a control group from the general population using an extensive neuropsychological test battery.Methods:We studied 28 patients with NT1 and 28 healthy control participants matched for age, gender, and educational level. They all completed questionnaires on sleepiness, anxiety, and depression symptoms. In addition, they underwent neuropsychological tests. The ability to maintain attention was assessed using three computer tasks with different levels of complexity.Results:Patients had significantly more daytime sleepiness than controls. A significant negative correlation between depression and disease duration was found in NT1 patients. The results of the anxiety questionnaire correlated with the presence of sleep paralysis. There were significant differences in information processing speed subtasks. Patients made significantly more omissions and generally reacted slower and more variably than controls in computerized tasks. As for executive function, patients performed worse in phonologic fluency tasks than controls. However, when the influence of processing speed on fluency tasks was statistically controlled, part of this significant difference disappeared.Conclusions:Our results indicate that the negative correlation between depression and disease duration probably reflects progressive adaptation to the functional burden of the disease. Information processing speed plays a fundamental role in the expression of cognitive deficits. We emphasized the need to control the influence of processing speed and sustained attention in the neuropsychological assessment of NT1 patients.
Assemblages of practice. A conceptual framework for exploring human–thing relations in archaeology
Authors: Antczak Konrad A. , Beaudry Mary C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this paper we propose the conceptual framework of theassemblage of practiceas an effective middle-range heuristic tool that bridges deep theory and the data available to archaeologists. Our framework foregrounds vibrantthingsas opposed to staticobjects, and sympathetically articulates the current concepts ofentanglement,correspondenceandassemblage. To us anassemblage of practiceis a dynamic gathering of corresponding things entangled through situated daily and eventful human practice. Once reassembled by comprehensively and critically marshalling all the evidentiary lines available to archaeologists today, theassemblage of practicebecomes a powerful analytical tool that illuminates changes, continuities and transformations in human–thing entanglements, and not only their impacts on local and short-term sociocultural developments, but also their repercussions on phenomena of much larger spatiotemporal scale. Our goal is to present archaeologists with a pluralistic, integrative and evolving middle-range framework that pays close attention to terminological precision and theoretical clarity and is conceptually accessible and widely applicable.
Precessional Cyclicity of Seawater Pb Isotopes in the Late Miocene Mediterranean
Authors: Modestou S. E. , Gutjahr M. , van der Schee M. , Ellam R. M. , Flecker R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAstronomical tuning in the Mediterranean region is primarily based on organically‐mediated proxies, such as cyclicity of organic rich layers or changes in foraminiferal assemblages. Both during and post deposition, organic proxies can be affected by complex processes not immediately related to the changes in precession (insolation) they are assumed to reflect. Here we present an isotopic proxy which exhibits precessional cyclicity yet is inorganic. Seawater lead (Pb) isotope records over four precessional cycles between 6.6 and 6.5 Ma, from bulk sediment leachates of three Messinian, circum‐Mediterranean marginal locations, show variations consistent with precessional cyclicity. During insolation minima, the Pb isotope signatures from all three sites converge to similar values, suggesting a regional process is affecting all three locations at that time. Data from the marginal sites are compared with new data from ODP Site 978 and published data from a variety of geological archives from the Mediterranean region to determine the mechanism(s) causing the observed variability. While the comparisons are not fully conclusive, the timing of events suggest that increased dust production from North Africa during insolation minima is the most likely control. This hypothesis implies that authigenic marine Pb isotope records have the potential to provide a reliable inorganic tie point for Mediterranean cyclostratigraphy where sub‐precessional resolution is required. An inorganic tie point could also provide the means to resolve long‐standing problems in Mediterranean stratigraphy on precessional and sub‐precessional timescales which have been obscured due to post‐depositional changes (e.g., sapropel burn‐down) or suboptimal ecological conditions (e.g., the Messinian Salinity Crisis).
Calibration of the Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP) for the InSight Mars Mission
Authors: Grott M. , Spohn T. , Knollenberg J. , Krause C. , Scharringhausen M. , Wippermann T. , Smrekar S.E. , Hudson T.L. , Banerdt W.B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe (HP
) of the InSight Mars mission is an instrument package to measure the Martian geothermal heat flow. The instrument's platinum resistance temperature sensors have been calibrated between
75 and
55 °C, and the absolute temperature uncertainty of the calibration is 10 mK. Temperature differences can be measured with an uncertainty of better than 5 mK. HP
determines regolith thermal conductivity by using the HP
mole as a modified line heat source, and thermal conductivity can be measured with an uncertainty of better than 4%. Tilt sensors used to determine the attitude of the mole during penetration measure tilt with an uncertainty of better than 0.25°.
First Observation of Ionospheric Convection From the Jiamusi HF Radar During a Strong Geomagnetic Storm
Authors: Zhang J. J. , Wang W. , Wang C. , Lan A. L. , Yan J. Y. , Xiang D. , Zhang Q. H. , Ruohoniemi J. M. , Kunduri B. S. R. , Nishitani N. , Shi X. , Qiu H. B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) is an international low‐power high‐frequency (HF) radar network, which provides continuous observations of the motion of plasma in the ionosphere. Over the past 15 years, the network has expanded dramatically in the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere to improve the observation capabilities of the network during periods of strong geomagnetic disturbance. However, a large coverage gap still exists in the middle latitudes. A newly deployed middle‐latitude HF radar in China (the Jiamusi radar) is about to join the network. This paper presents the first observation of the ionospheric convection from the Jiamusi radar during the strong geomagnetic storm on 26 August 2018. The Jiamusi measurements are compared with the simultaneous measurements from the SuperDARN Hokkaido East radar. The features of the high‐velocity westward flows including the equatorward expansion and variation tendency of the line‐of‐sight velocities observed by the two radars are consistent with each other. According to joint analysis with auroral images, we can confirm that the westward flows observed by the two radars are sunward return flows of the duskside convection cell in the auroral region. The impact the Jiamusi data had on the calculation of SuperDARN convection patterns is also examined. The results show that the inclusion of the Jiamusi data can increase the number of gridded line‐of‐sight velocity measurements by up to 24.42%, the cross‐polar cap potential can be increased by up to 13.90% during the investigated period.
Trend and Variability in Global Upper‐Ocean Stratification Since the 1960s
Authors: Yamaguchi Ryohei , Suga Toshio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMany studies on future climate projection point out that with progressing of global warming, upper‐ocean density stratification will strengthen over this century, and consequently, global‐averaged ocean primary productivity will decrease. Observed long‐term changes in the stratification to date, however, still show large uncertainties of the change itself and its driver. Focusing on the vertical difference in the emergence of the global warming signals, we used only observational profiles to describe the spatiotemporal characteristic of long‐term trend and variability in the upper‐ocean stratification (defined as the density difference between the surface and 200‐m depth). Statistically significant strengthening of the stratification since the 1960s was detected in ~40% of the global ocean area. The global average increase in the stratification corresponds to 3.3–6.1% of the mean stratification. The strengthening trends considerably change depending on the regions and show dominant contribution from the tropical region. In addition to the well‐documented explanation of strengthening stratification, namely the surface intensification of global warming signal, we found that changes in subsurface temperature and salinity stratification associated with changes in atmospheric/ocean circulations significantly contribute to the long‐term change in the stratification and setting its regional difference. In midlatitude and high‐latitude ocean of the Northern Hemisphere, the long‐term trend exhibits noteworthy seasonality, which shows faster increase trend in the summer than in the winter. From the detrended time series, interannual variabilities correlated with a particular climate mode are detected in several ocean regions, suggesting that these variabilities are mainly driven by associated sea surface temperature variation.
Validation of Ionospheric Electron Density Measurements Derived From Spire CubeSat Constellation
Authors: Forsythe Victoriya V. , Duly Timothy , Hampton Donald , Nguyen Vu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCommercial Global Navigation Satellite System radio occultation ionospheric measurements collected by the Spire CubeSat constellation could significantly improve the determination of the global ionospheric state. However, the systematic validation work is needed before using the Spire data for scientific and assimilative purposes. In this work, the electron density profiles retrieved from Spire total electron content measurements using Abel inversion corrected by horizontal asymmetry are compared to digisonde measurements and Arecibo incoherent scatter radar data. Four events when the radio occultation measurements occurred close to three digisondes showed a strong agreement between these independent measurements. The comparison of
2 layer peak and height obtained from Spire data to digisonde measurements at 34 stations around the globe from Global Ionospheric Radio Observatory network also showed a strong agreement. Additionally, a good agreement was obtained in the comparison of Spire profiles with Arecibo electron density measurements.
Glucose homeostasis is regulated by pancreatic β-cell cilia via endosomal EphA-processing
Authors: Volta Francesco , Scerbo M. Julia , Seelig Anett , Wagner Robert , O’Brien Nils , Gerst Felicia , Fritsche Andreas , Häring Hans-Ulrich , Zeigerer Anja , Ullrich Susanne , Gerdes Jantje M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus affects one in eleven adults worldwide. Most suffer from Type 2 Diabetes which features elevated blood glucose levels and an inability to adequately secrete or respond to insulin. Insulin producing β-cells have primary cilia which are implicated in the regulation of glucose metabolism, insulin signaling and secretion. To better understand how β-cell cilia affect glucose handling, we ablate cilia from mature β-cells by deleting key cilia component Ift88. Here we report that glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion deteriorate over 12 weeks post-induction. Cilia/basal body components are required to suppress spontaneous auto-activation of EphA3 and hyper-phosphorylation of EphA receptors inhibits insulin secretion. In β-cells, loss of cilia/basal body function leads to polarity defects and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Defective insulin secretion from IFT88-depleted human islets and elevated pEPHA3 in islets from diabetic donors both point to a role for cilia/basal body proteins in human glucose homeostasis.
Integrated exome and RNA sequencing of dedifferentiated liposarcoma
Authors: Hirata Makoto , Asano Naofumi , Katayama Kotoe , Yoshida Akihiko , Tsuda Yusuke , Sekimizu Masaya , Mitani Sachiyo , Kobayashi Eisuke , Komiyama Motokiyo , Fujimoto Hiroyuki , Goto Takahiro , Iwamoto Yukihide , Naka Norifumi , Iwata Shintaro , Nishida Yoshihiro , Hiruma Toru , Hiraga Hiroaki , Kawano Hirotaka , Motoi Toru , Oda Yoshinao , Matsubara Daisuke , Fujita Masashi , Shibata Tatsuhiro , Nakagawa Hidewaki , Nakayama Robert , Kondo Tadashi , Imoto Seiya , Miyano Satoru , Kawai Akira , Yamaguchi Rui , Ichikawa Hitoshi , Matsuda Koichi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe genomic characteristics of dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) that are associated with clinical features remain to be identified. Here, we conduct integrated whole exome and RNA sequencing analysis in 115 DDLPS tumors and perform comparative genomic analysis of well-differentiated and dedifferentiated components from eight DDLPS samples. Several somatic copy-number alterations (SCNAs), including the gain of 12q15, are identified as frequent genomic alterations. CTDSP1/2-DNM3OS fusion genes are identified in a subset of DDLPS tumors. Based on the association of SCNAs with clinical features, the DDLPS tumors are clustered into three groups. This clustering can predict the clinical outcome independently. The comparative analysis between well-differentiated and dedifferentiated components identify two categories of genomic alterations: shared alterations, associated with tumorigenesis, and dedifferentiated-specific alterations, associated with malignant transformation. This large-scale genomic analysis reveals the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of DDLPS and provides insights that could contribute to the refinement of DDLPS management.
A randomised clinical trial to evaluate the safety, fit, comfort of a novel N95 mask in children
Authors: Goh Daniel Yam Thiam , Mun Meng Wai , Lee Wei Liang Jerome , Teoh Oon Hoe , Rajgor Dimple D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChildren are more vulnerable to the risks of air pollution, including susceptibility to acquiring chronic diseases in their developing lungs. Despite these, there are no specific masks designed for and tested in children that are available to protect our young from the common particulate air pollutants today. We evaluated safety, fit and comfort of a specially designed paediatric N95 mask with an optional micro ventilator (micro fan, MF) in healthy children aged 7–14 years, in a randomized, two-period crossover design. The subjects’ cardiorespiratory physiological measurements were assessed in different states of physical activity under different interventions (mask without and with MF). A total of 106 subjects were recruited between July-August 2016. The use of the mask without MF increased the End-Tidal CO2 (ETCO2) and Fractional concentration of Inspired CO2 (FICO2) at rest and on mild exertion, as expected. The use of the mask with MF brought FICO2 levels comparably closer to baseline levels without the mask for both activities. The mask, with or without the MF, was found to be well fitting, comfortable and safe for use in children at rest and on mild exertion. The N95 mask tested offers a promising start for more studies in the paediatric population.
First principles investigation on energetics, structure, and mechanical properties of amorphous carbon films doped with B, N, and Cl
Authors: Park Hwanyeol , Woo Daekwang , Lee Jong Myeong , Park Se Jun , Lee Sungwoo , Kim Ho Jun , Yoon Euijoon , Lee Gun-Do 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAmorphous carbon (a-C) films have received significant attention due to their reliable structures and superior mechanical, chemical and electronic properties, making them a strong candidate as a hard mask material. We investigated the energetics, structure, and electronic and mechanical properties of the B, N, and Cl doped a-C films based on density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Our DFT calculated results clearly show that introducing B and N atoms into a-C films makes the bulk modulus slightly reduced as a function of the concentration increases. Interestingly, it is noted that introducing Cl atom into a-C films makes the bulk modulus is drastically reduced, which suggests that the films softened by Cl doping would relieve residual stress of the individual layers within the overall stacks in integrated semiconductor devices. These requirements become more important and increasingly more challenging to meet as the device integrity grows. In the perspective of F blocking nature, B doping into a-C films pulls in and captures the F atom due to the strong bonding nature of B‒F bond than C-F bond. Unlike the B doping, for the N doped a-C film, F atom has extremely large diffusion barrier of 4.92 eV. This large diffusion barrier is attributed to the electrostatically repulsive force between both atoms. The Cl doped a-C film shows consistently the similar results with the N doped a-C film because both N and Cl atoms have large electro-negativity, which causes F atom to push out. If one notes the optimized designing with the suitable doped characteristics, our results could provide a new straightforward strategy to tailor the a-C films with excellent mechanical and other novel physical and chemical properties.