bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postnatal trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms: Postpartum antecedents and differences in toddler adjustment
Authors: Choe Daniel Ewon , McDonough Susan C. , Sameroff Arnold J. , Lawrence Amanda C. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTInfants are uniquely vulnerable to maternal depression's noxious effects, but few longitudinal studies have tried to identify discrete postnatal trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms (MDS) beginning in infancy. This study extends evidence of heterogeneous change in postnatal MDS by examining their cross‐contextual antecedents in infancy and their consequences for children's early behavior problems and language skills in late toddlerhood. A community sample of mother–child dyads (N = 235, 72% Caucasian) was assessed when children were 7, 15, and 33 months old. Mothers reported their socioeconomic status (SES), social support, marital relationship quality, family dysfunction, parenting stress, and infants’ functional regulatory problems at 7 months postpartum, and children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms at 33 months. Children completed a receptive vocabulary assessment at 33 months in the lab. Latent class growth analysis identified three postnatal MDS trajectory classes that fit the data best: low‐decreasing, moderate, and increasing. Psychosocial measures at seven months postpartum primarily predicted membership to these postnatal trajectory classes, which subsequently differed in children's internalizing, externalizing, and receptive vocabulary in late toddlerhood, controlling for family SES and functional regulatory problems in infancy. We discuss salient antecedents and consequences of postnatal depression for mothers and their offspring.
miR‐16 enhances miR‐302/367‐induced reprogramming and tumor suppression in breast cancer cells
Authors: Hoseinbeyki Moslem , Taha Masoumeh F. , Javeri Arash 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOverexpression of either miR‐302 or miR‐302/367 cluster induces reprogramming of cancer cells and exerts tumor‐suppressive effects by induction of mesenchymal‐to‐epithelial transition, apoptosis and a less proliferative capacity. Several reports have described miR‐16 as a tumor suppressor microRNA (miRNA). Here, we studied the impact of exogenous induction of miR‐16 in MDA‐MB‐231 and SK‐BR‐3 breast cancer cells following overexpression of miR‐302/367 cluster and investigated whether transfection of these cells by a mature miR‐16 mimic could affect the reprogramming state of the cells and their tumorigenicity. miR‐16 enhanced the expression levels of OCT4A, SOX2, and NANOG, generally known as transcription or pluripotency factors, and suppressed proliferation and invasiveness of these cells. Meanwhile, inhibition of miR‐16 counteracted both the reprogramming effect and the antitumor function of miR‐302/367 in the breast cancer cells. Current results indicate that miR‐16 can work as an adjuvant to improve both cancer cell reprogramming and tumor‐suppressive function of miR‐302/367 cluster in MDA‐MB‐231 and SK‐BR‐3 cells, while its inhibition counteracts all of these effects. Combined application of miRNAs that share some common targets in cancer cell signaling pathways may provide new approaches for repression of multiple hallmarks of cancer.
EID1 suppresses lipid accumulation by inhibiting the expression of GPDH in 3T3‐L1 preadipocytes
Authors: Sato Tomohiko , Vargas Diana , Miyazaki Kakushin , Uchida Kaoru , Ariyani Winda , Miyazaki Mitsue , Okada Junichi , Lizcano Fernando , Koibuchi Noriyuki , Shimokawa Noriaki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure causes high accumulation of triglycerides in adipocytes. Obesity is related with the increased lipid accumulation in white adipose tissue, which is a major risk factor for the development of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study highlights the role of E1A‐like inhibitor of differentiation 1 (EID1) in the modulation of adipogenesis through the downregulation of glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH), which is a key enzyme in the synthesis of triglycerides and is considered to be a marker of adipogenesis. By analyzing DNA microarray data, we found that when EID1 is overexpressed in preadipocytes (3T3‐L1 cells) during adipocyte differentiation, EID1 inhibits lipid accumulation through the downregulation of GPDH. In contrast, EID1 is not involved in the regulation of intracellular glucose via the translocation of glucose transporter. A confocal image analysis showed that EID1 is located in the nucleus of preadipocytes in the form of speckles, which could be involved as a regulator of the transcriptional process. We further confirmed that EID1 is able to bind to the promoter sequence of GPDH in the nucleus. These findings provide a molecular explanation for the inhibitory effect of EID1 on lipid accumulation in adipocytes.
Synthesis of novel tetra‐substituted benzimidazole compounds containing certain heterostructures with antioxidant and anti‐urease activities
Authors: Karaali Nesrin , Aydin Serdar , Baltas Nimet , Mentese Emre 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA new series of 5,6‐dimethyl‐2‐phenyl‐1H‐benzimidazole derivatives was synthesized. The antioxidant activities of the synthesized compounds were determined according to the cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), ABTS, and DPPH assays. Many of the target compounds showed good antioxidant activity. Among these compounds, it has been determined that the carbothioamide and 1,2,4‐triazole derivatives had a very good antioxidant capacity. Also, all compounds were screened for in vitro inhibitory activity against Jack bean urease. Among the synthesized molecules, the starting compound, acetate, and acetohydrazide derivatives (with IC50 values 12.02, 11.40, and 8.04 μg/mL, respectively) had a higher inhibitory effect on urease and exhibited a lower IC50 values than acetohydroxamic acid (IC50: 20.50 μg/mL) and thiourea (IC50: 14.04 μg/mL) as a reference inhibitors.
Design and analysis of INDEP FinFET SRAM cell at 7‐nm technology
Authors: Mushtaq Umayia , Sharma Vijay Kumar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe reduction in size of metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) devices results in increase in leakage power dissipation, which occurs due to the short‐channel effects in subthreshold region. Now a day's power dissipation is one of the crucial issues that the modern electronic industry is facing. Fin‐type field‐effect transistor (FinFET) can be proven as a best substitute to reduce leakage power dissipation in logic circuits. Degradation of performance with process variations is of major concern and needs to design FinFET circuits with minimum leakage power dissipation. In this paper, static random‐access memory (SRAM) cell is designed using low power shorted‐gate (SG) FinFETs at 7‐nm technology to minimize leakage power dissipation besides improving other performance parameters like static noise margins (SNMs) and power delay product (PDP) as well. The various parameters are analyzed using butterfly and N‐curve methods. The ASAP7 PDK is used to design SRAM cells using Cadence Virtuoso tool. The simulated results show that FinFET input‐dependent (INDEP) technique reduces the leakage power dissipation by 32.08% and 13.50%, respectively, in read and write conditions of FinFET SRAM cell. The Monte‐Carlo simulation results show the reduction in average power using INDEP approach at ±10% process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations under 3σ Gaussian distribution of FinFET SRAM cell.
Wear measurements with use of radiostereometric analysis in total hip arthroplasty with obscured femoral head
Authors: Johanson Per‐Erik , Shareghi Bita , Eriksson Michael , Kärrholm Johan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRadiostereometric analysis (RSA) has evolved as gold standard in the evaluation of wear and especially as regards novel hip implant materials. However, several cup shell materials and articulation types used in total hip arthroplasty (THA) cannot be studied due to poor radiographic visibility of the femoral head (FH). We addressed this problem with use of a point transfer function in the RSA software to indirectly measure FH translations with use of stem markers. In a base examination, the stem marker segment and cup center, as an approximation for the FH center position, were mathematically coupled. Thereafter, in subsequent examinations, we used the point transfer function to calculate FH positions from stem marker positions. To determine the variance of the difference of directly and indirectly measured FH positions, four stem marker configurations were studied in THAs with radiographically visible FHs. For the axis with least variance we also compared directly and indirectly measured translation up to 7 years. Finally, we applied the method in a ceramic‐on‐ceramic (COC) articulation and measured proximal translation up to 7 years and also estimated precision. Vertical translations had the smallest variation between measured and calculated FH position. Directly and indirectly measured vertical FH translation correlated well but indirect measurements had increased variance. Proximal steady‐state penetration rate in uncemented COC THA was −0.003 (SD 0.021) mm/year with 99% precision along the vertical axis measuring 0.34 mm. The point transfer function can be used to measure proximal FH penetration, but with less precision than direct RSA.
Comparison of headspace solid‐phase microextraction and solvent extraction method for the simultaneous analysis of various soil fumigants in soil or water by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Huang Bin , Yan Dongdong , Fang Wensheng , Wang Xianli , Liu Jie , Zhang Daqi , Wang Qiuxia , Ouyang Canbin , Han Qingli , Jin Xi , Cao Aocheng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe quantity of soil fumigants has increased globally that has focused attention on their environmental behavior. However, simultaneous analysis of traces of fumigant residues is often unreported because analysis methods are not readily available to measure them at low concentrations. In this study, typical solvent extraction methods were compared with headspace solid‐phase microextraction methods. Both methods can be used for simultaneously measuring the concentrations of five commonly used soil fumigants in soil or water. The solvent extraction method showed acceptable recovery (76–103%) and intraday relative standard deviations (0.8–11%) for the five soil fumigants. The headspace solid‐phase microextraction method also showed acceptable recovery (72–104%) and precision rates (1.3–17%) for the five soil fumigants. The solvent extraction method was more precise and more suitable for analyzing relatively high fumigant residue levels (0.05–5 μg/g) contained in multiple soil samples. The headspace solid‐phase microextraction method, however, had a much lower limits of detection (0.09–2.52 μg/kg or μg/L) than the solvent extraction method (5.8–29.2 μg/kg), making headspace solid‐phase microextraction most suitable for trace analysis of these fumigants. The results confirmed that the headspace solid‐phase microextraction method was more convenient and sensitive for the determination of fumigants to real soil samples.
Early experience with feasibility of balloon sinus dilation in complicated pediatric acute frontal rhinosinusitis
Authors: Maurrasse Sarah K. , Hwa Tiffany P. , Waldman Erik , Kacker Ashutosh , Pearlman Aaron N. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveComplicated acute rhinosinusitis in the pediatric population is an uncommon problem that may affect the orbit or brain and is life‐threatening. This condition requires surgical intervention with endoscopic sinus surgery for source control, and prior studies have demonstrated the safety of balloon sinuplasty in chronic frontal sinusitis.Methods/ResultsWe present our approach with a balloon sinus dilation hybrid procedure to resolve four distinct types of complicated acute frontal sinusitis in pediatric patients, including intracranial manifestations, intraorbital complications, and recurrent disease. All four patients were able to be managed operatively with frontal balloon sinuplasty.ConclusionsPrior efficacy has been demonstrated for chronic frontal sinusitis in the pediatric population. We demonstrate that frontal balloon sinuplasty is also feasible in the proper clinical setting for acute frontal sinusitis, even in the presence of regional complications or recurrent disease.Level of Evidence4
Bottom trawling reduces benthic denitrification and has the potential to influence the global nitrogen cycle
Authors: Ferguson Angus J. P. , Oakes Joanne , Eyre Bradley D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBottom trawling and eutrophication are large stressors that are critically coupled. Here we show, using a before‐after control‐effect design, the significant reduction in denitrification as a result of experimental bottom trawling in a shallow coastal system. Trawl disturbance destroys the complex three‐dimensional redox structures in surface sediments that maximize denitrification potential, resulting in up to a 50% reduction in net denitrification. The decrease in net denitrification also increased after each trawling event suggesting a declining resilience to trawling and eutrophication. Bottom trawling occurs at such a large scale that it could result in significant amounts of nitrogen being retained on the continental shelf. As such, impacts on the global ocean nitrogen cycle and associated eutrophication should be counted among the many negative consequences of extensive seafloor trawling.
Spatiotemporal distribution of strong convective cells over northern Serbia, 2008–2010
Authors: Vujović Dragana , Nađ Julijana , Marković Vukica , Vučković Vladan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractKnowledge of the spatial distribution of severe convective cells (SCCs) can determine the areas with the most frequent occurrence of these events, and helps in the protection of the most vulnerable areas. An objective analysis of a three year observation of strong convective cells (CCs) in northern Serbia is presented, based on data collected via meteorological radar. The CC and SCCs are defined by radar reflectivity thresholds of 45 and 55 dBZ, respectively, and are analysed at constant altitude plan position indicator (CAPPI) levels of 4.0 km (CAPPI4) and 5.5 km (CAPPI5). The analysis showed that the dominant occurrence of thunderstorm cells was directed from southwest to northeast. The spatial distribution from year to year was variable; however, the analysis identified areas with frequent thunderstorm cells. The number of grid points where CCs occur is smaller at the CAPPI5 than at the CAPPI4. There is a more frequent occurrence of CCs than SCCs: there were no CCs in only 0.58% of grid points during the entire three year period at the CAPPI4, while for SCCs it was 39.82%. This difference was even greater at the CAPPI5: 1.42% for CCs and 55.47% for SCCs. At most of the grid points (67–79% at the CAPPI4 and 78–88% at the CAPPI5, depending on the year), no SCCs were observed for any given year.
Defining language disorders in children and adolescents with Noonan Syndrome
Authors: Lazzaro Giulia , Caciolo Cristina , Menghini Deny , Cumbo Francesca , Digilio Maria C. , Capolino Rossella , Zampino Giuseppe , Tartaglia Marco , Vicari Stefano , Alfieri Paolo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundNoonan Syndrome is a developmental disorder characterized by a distinctive phenotype including facial dysmorphism, webbed neck, short stature, heart defects, and variable cognitive deficits as major features. Over the years, neuropsychological and behavioral studies explored alteration of cognitive functioning and related domains, such as learning, memory, and attention. To our knowledge, however, data concerning the language profile in this disorder is scarce. The aim of the present study was to detect specific language functioning combining nonverbal intelligence quotient and language abilities and to pinpoint strengths and weaknesses in the language domains.MethodsThe language profile of 37 Italian participants with molecularly confirmed diagnosis of Noonan Syndrome was evaluated using specific tools to assess vocabulary and grammar comprehension and production, as well as phonological development.ResultsWe observed that 78% of affected individuals exhibited language impairment. Within language domains, the strong area was lexical production and grammar production was the weak area. Almost half the participants manifested a similar trend of specific language impairment. Nonverbal intelligence quotient only correlated with grammar comprehension.ConclusionOur study expands present knowledge about the language profile in NS, and provides data that could enable more effective patient management and appropriate intervention.
Bilateral aniridia and congenital ureteral valve: Role of genetic testing
Authors: Shields Lisa B. E. , Peppas Dennis S. , Rosenberg Eran 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCongenital aniridia involves total or partial hypoplasia of the iris and is due to a deficiency in PAX6 gene expression. WAGR syndrome is comprised of Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities, and intellectual disability. Numerous genitourinary pathologies may be associated with WAGR syndrome, necessitating an evaluation of the genitourinary anatomy. The WT1 is vital for the development of kidneys, ovaries in females, and testes in males. WT1 gene mutations result in a WT1 protein with a decreased ability to bind to DNA, leading to uncontrolled growth, and cell division in the kidney which permits the development of Wilms tumor. A congenital ureteral valve is an exceedingly rare cause of obstructive uropathy.ResultsA renal and bladder ultrasound demonstrated a renal cyst. A voiding cystourethrogram revealed grade 3 vesicoureteral reflux, and a MAG3 renal scan showed ureteropelvic junction obstruction and hydronephrosis. A ureteral stent was inserted at 3 months of age after which the renal cyst resolved. The patient was urinary tract infection‐free at 27 months of age. Genetic testing confirmed a heterozygous alteration in PAX6 (c.495delG, p.Thr166Leufs*41) and no abnormalities of WT1, excluding WAGR syndrome.ConclusionThe genitourinary risks potentially associated with aniridia necessitate prompt genetic analysis to evaluate for WAGR syndrome.
Operationalisation of a biopsychosocial approach for the non‐pharmacological management of patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A systematic review
Authors: Ampiah Paapa Kwesi , Hendrick Paul , Moffatt Fiona , Ahenkorah Josephine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundChronic musculoskeletal pain is a major health concern. The biopsychosocial approach is an evidence‐based approach recommended for managing chronic musculoskeletal pain. However, the evidence for this approach is largely reported from high‐income countries; therefore, it is important to ascertain how biopsychosocial approaches are operationalised in low‐ and middle‐income countries to inform practice.AimTo examine the evidence for the operationalization of biopsychosocial interventions in managing patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain in low‐and middle‐income countries.MethodsThe search included studies published in English from 2008 to September 2019 in: Cochrane library, OVID, CINAHL, Scopus, PUBMED, Web of Science, and SportDiscus. Randomised and non‐randomised trials using a biopsychosocial intervention were considered. The review team developed a search strategy; two independent reviewers screened and assessed results for quality.ResultsSixteen studies were included (n = 996) with mainly low back pain populations (n = 11 studies). Others were osteoarthritis (n = 1) and other musculoskeletal pain (n = 4). The majority (n = 12) of studies attained fair to poor quality, three had good quality, one scored excellent quality. Interventions applied biopsychosocial principles such as cognitive functional therapy, and graded activity, delivered by healthcare professionals such as physiotherapists and doctors. However, most results provided insufficient information regarding healthcare professionals' capacity to deliver interventions, lack of information regarding intervention delivery and training of healthcare professionals.ConclusionsThe results highlight the potential for delivering biopsychosocial interventions in low‐ and middle‐income countries; however, future research should consider robust methodological approaches with clear details to achieve high‐quality trials.
Three‐dimensional hydromechanical modeling of internal erosion in dike‐on‐foundation
Authors: Yang Jie , Yin Zhen‐Yu , Laouafa Farid , Hicher Pierre‐Yves 
Published: February 2020

SummaryCurrently, numerical studies at the real scale of an entire engineering structure considering internal erosion are still rare. This paper presents a three‐dimensional (3D) numerical simulation of the effects of internal erosion within a linear dike located on a foundation. A two‐dimensional (2D) finite element code has been extended to 3D in order to analyze the impact of internal erosion under more realistic hydromechanical conditions. The saturated soil has been considered as a mixture of four interacting constituents: soil skeleton, erodible fines, fluidized fine particles, and fluid. The detachment and transport of the fine particles have been modeled with a mass exchange model between the solid and the fluid phases. An elastoplastic constitutive model for sand‐silt mixtures has been developed to monitor the effect of the evolution of both the porosity and the fines content induced by internal erosion upon the behavior of the soil skeleton. An unsaturated flow condition has been implemented into this coupled hydromechanical model to describe more accurately the seepage within the dike and the foundation. A stabilized finite element method was used to eliminate spurious numerical oscillations in solving the convection‐dominated transport of fluidized particles. This numerical tool was then applied to a specific dike‐on‐foundation case subjected to internal erosion induced by a leakage located at the bottom of the foundation. Different failure modes were observed and analyzed for different boundary conditions, including the significant influence of the leakage cavity size and the elevation of the water level at the upstream and downstream sides of the dike.
The stressful tumour environment drives plasticity of cell migration programmes, contributing to metastasis
Authors: Nikolaou Savvas , Machesky Laura M 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTumours evolve to cope with environmental stresses or challenges such as nutrient starvation, depletion of survival factors, and unbalanced mechanical forces. The uncontrolled growth and aberrant deregulation of core cell homeostatic pathways induced by genetic mutations create an environment of stress. Here, we explore how the adaptations of tumours to the changing environment can drive changes in the motility machinery of cells, affecting migration, invasion, and metastasis. Tumour cells can invade individually or collectively, or they can be extruded out of the surrounding epithelium. These mechanisms are thought to be modifications of normal processes occurring during development or tissue repair. Therefore, tumours may activate these pathways in response to environmental stresses, enabling them to survive in hostile environments and spread to distant sites. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.