bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heuristics for flights arrival scheduling at airports
Authors: Ahmadian Mohammad Mahdi , Salehipour Amir 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe develop an efficient matheuristic algorithm for the aircraft landing problem (ALP). The ALP aims to schedule aircraft landings such that the total deviation from target arrival times is minimized. We propose a relax‐and‐solve (R&S) algorithm that operates by performing a set of “relax” and “solve” iterations. The relax procedure destructs a sequence of aircraft landings, and the solve procedure re‐constructs a complete sequence and schedules the aircraft landings. We compare the proposed algorithm and the state‐of‐the‐art algorithm for the ALP and also the solver CPLEX, and show that our algorithm obtains all best‐known solutions within one minute, even for instances including 500 aircraft. Those characteristics of the algorithm are very important for practical settings. In particular, the typical short time window available for planning the aircraft landings at busy airports demands quick delivery of quality landing schedules (or updating the current schedule), and fast and effective algorithms are therefore paramount.
Zinc‐α2‐glycoprotein relieved seizure‐Induced neuronal glucose uptake impairment via insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor‐regulated glucose transporter 3 expression
Authors: Peng Wuxue , Liu Xi , Tan Changhong , Zhou Wen , Jiang Jin , Zhou Xuan , Du Juncong , Mo Lijuan , Chen Lifen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGlucose hypometabolism is observed in epilepsy and promotes epileptogenesis. Glucose hypometabolism in epilepsy may be attributed to decreased neuronal glucose uptake, but its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Zinc‐α2‐glycoprotein (ZAG) is related to glucose metabolism and is reported to suppress seizures. The anti‐epileptic effect of ZAG may be attributed to its regulation of neuronal glucose metabolism. This study explored the effect of ZAG on neuronal glucose uptake and its molecular mechanism via insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R)‐regulated glucose transporter 3 (GLUT‐3) expression. The ZAG level was modulated by lentivirus in primary culture neurons. Neuronal seizure models were induced by Mg2+‐free artificial cerebrospinal fluid. We assessed neuronal glucose uptake by the 2‐NBDG method and Glucose Uptake Colorimetric Assay Kit. IGF1R was activated by IGF1 and blocked by AXL1717. The expression and distribution of IGF1R and GLUT‐3, together with IGF1R phosphorylation, were measured by western blot. The binding between ZAG and IGF1R was determined by coimmunoprecipitation. Neuronal glucose uptake and GLUT‐3 expression were significantly decreased by seizure or ZAG knockdown, whereas ZAG over‐expression or IGF1 treatment reversed this decrease. The effect of ZAG on neuronal glucose uptake and GLUT‐3 expression was blocked by AXL1717. ZAG increased IGF1R distribution and phosphorylation possibly by binding. Additionally, IGF1R increased GLUT‐3 activity by increasing GLUT‐3 expression. In epilepsy/seizure, neuronal glucose uptake suppression may be attributed to a decrease in ZAG, which suppresses neuronal GLUT‐3 expression by regulating the activity of IGF1R. ZAG, IGF1R, and GLUT‐3 may be novel potential therapeutic targets of glucose hypometabolism in epilepsy and seizures.
image
Understanding Digital Health Technologies Using Mind Maps
Authors: Seckman Charlotte , Van de Castle Barbara 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this project was to explore digital health technologies in the healthcare environment through the use of concept and mind mapping tools in a graduate level informatics practicum course.DesignThis descriptive course evaluation project was conducted at a large university school of nursing during the 2019–2020 academic year and included a convenience sample of 163 doctor of nursing practice students.MethodsStudents completed four major deliverables exploring digital health technologies and data sources using mind maps. Project goals were evaluated using detailed rubrics and data from a course evaluation questionnaire (CEQ) then analyzed using descriptive statistics. Comments from the CEQ and reflection documents were reviewed for themes and validated by two experts.FindingsThe variety and creativity of the mind maps along with student comments indicated their ability to apply critical thinking skills to the specific content and technologies being examined. Overall CEQ mean scores were high (M = 4.35), indicating that the mind mapping deliverables were logical, relevant, appropriate, and meaningful to learning.ConclusionsNurse educators and healthcare professionals should consider using mind mapping techniques because this venue allows for expanded understanding of the complexities of the healthcare environment and integration of related digital health technologies.Clinical RelevanceThe recent pandemic highlighted the necessity for new technologies to continue providing patient care services. Mind maps are a fast and economical tool for understanding and prioritizing the needs of an organization as well as a unique teaching strategy to promote critical thinking and sharing of ideas related to digital health technologies.
Comparative retrospective study on transvaginal sonography versus office hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of endometrial pathology among different subgroups
Authors: Tsonis Orestis , Gkrozou Fani , Dimitriou Evangelos , Paschopoulos Minas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundTransvaginal sonography (TVS) and office hysteroscopy are considered essential diagnostic tool for the gynecologic everyday practice. Through the years equipment developments in both techniques along with cumulative experience gained by the gynecologists result in a disunity among clinicians in choosing optimal diagnostic approach with regards to endometrial pathology.AimTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of TVS versus office hysteroscopy (OHSC) in detecting endometrial pathology. Results were compared to available scientific evidence available among similar published studies.MethodsComparative Retrospective study performed at the Endoscopic Unit, Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece. A total of 2675 cases were collected for this study from January 1997 until August 2019. All cases recruited underwent a TVS followed by office hysteroscopy (OHSC) for various indications according to the local protocol. Endometrial samples from all cases were obtained and histology confirmed the diagnosis. Sonographic and hysteroscopic results were correlated with histologic reports to assess the diagnostic accuracy of both techniques.ResultsIn a total of 2675 cases recruited for this study, 23.2% were postmenopausal while the majority (76.7%) was of reproductive age. The commonest indication for hysteroscopy was abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) accounting for 29.7% of the cases. Overall, TVS demonstrated diagnostic accuracy of 84.7%% in detecting endometrial pathology, compared to 97.3% of OHSC. Sensitivity, specificity, positive prognostic value (PPV) and negative prognostic value (NPV) of TVS detecting endometrial pathology were 84.0, 86.8, 95.3 and 63.0%, respectively. The corresponding values for hysteroscopy were 98.9, 95.1, 98.4 and 93.9%, respectively. Diagnostic value of both techniques was estimated in 6 (six) additional subgroups: total sample with AUB, women of reproductive age, women of reproductive age with AUB, women of reproductive age with infertility issues, postmenopausal women and postmenopausal women suffering from postmenopausal bleeding (PMB). All values were calculated with regards to histologic findings as gold standard technique. All results were correlated with scientific evidence collected from the international literature.ConclusionOffice hysteroscopy is a more reliable tool in detecting endometrial pathologies compared to TVS regardless of reproductive status or clinical presentation. TVS is likely to orientate and guide specialists on what to expect prior to an hysteroscopic intervention.
COVID‐19 in third trimester may not be as scary as you think, it can be innocent: Evaluating vertical transmission from a COVID‐19 positive asymptomatic pregnant woman with early membrane rupture
Authors: Palalioglu Rabia M. , Mahammadaliyeva Aytakin , Erbiyik Halil I. , Muhcu Murat 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the literature, many cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) positive pregnancies have been observed, mostly with mild findings, but there is limited evidence about perinatal transition and early COVID‐19 positive newborns. In this case, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction results were studied from samples obtained from the placenta, amniotic fluid, cord blood and postoperative breast milk – that were obtained while avoiding contamination and preserved appropriately – of a cesarean section performed under anesthesia on a woman with previous cesarean section and gestational diabetes mellitus history. This patient who presented to our emergency gynecology clinic with membrane rupture was infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 two weeks before delivery but was not treated as the disease was asymptomatic. In addition, literature data in line with this topic were evaluated to demonstrate that there was generally no perinatal transmission over 34 weeks of gestation.
Gender in authorship and editorship in medical education journals: A bibliometric review
Authors: Madden Caoimhe , O’Malley Róisín , O’Connor Paul , O’Dowd Emily , Byrne Dara , Lydon Sinéad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractContextGender bias has been observed in the authorship and editorship of academic literature in varied medical specialties. This is important as peer‐reviewed publications, and participation on editorial boards, are closely related to academic productivity and advancement. The aim of this paper was to examine whether gender‐based disparities in authorship and editorship exist in leading medical education journals.MethodsA retrospective bibliometric review was conducted of articles published at eight different time‐points across a 49‐year time period (specifically: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2019) in four leading medical education journals (Academic Medicine, BMC Medical Education, Medical Education and Medical Teacher). First and last (as a proxy for senior) author gender was determined for each article, along with the gender of the 2019 editorial board members of each journal. Chi‐square tests for trend were conducted to examine variations in author gender distributions over time, and binomial tests of proportions were conducted to examine gender distributions in authorship and editorship in 2019. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine factors that predicted the odds of authorship by women.ResultsA total of 5749 articles were included. A significant trend of increased women as first and last authors was observed across all journals. The percentage of women first authors increased from 6.6% in 1970 to 53.7% in 2019 (P < .001), and women last authors increased from 9.5% in 1970 to 46% in 2019 (P < .001). Overall, the distributions of women first authors, last authors and editorial board members in 2019 indicated greater gender parity than many other fields of medicine.ConclusionsPositive progress towards gender parity has been made in medical education scholarship. However, future research and efforts are needed to ensure the continued participation, and highlighting, of women in medical education scholarship and to address other factors which may hinder academic advancement for women in this field.
Evidence of no horizontal or vertical transmission of tomato severe rugose virus by Bemisia tabaci MEAM1
Authors: Favara Gabriel M. , Bello Vinicius H. , Rezende Jorge A. M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBemisia tabaci is important in agriculture worldwide, mainly because it is a vector of numerous plant viruses, probably the most important of which are members of the genus Begomovirus. Dozens of begomoviruses have been reported to infect tomato plants in Brazil, although tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) predominates in tomato crops. ToSRV, found so far only in Brazil, is efficiently transmitted by B. tabaci MEAM1. However, no studies have assessed the occurrence of vertical and horizontal transmission of the virus in the insect, which may have epidemiological consequences affecting disease management. This study evaluated the possibility of transmission of ToSRV between whiteflies during copulation and transovarial transmission from viruliferous females of B. tabaci MEAM1 to their progeny. Transmission of ToSRV did not occur during mating between males and females of B. tabaci MEAM1. Aviruliferous males and females confined with viruliferous insects of the opposite sex were also unable to transmit the virus to tomato plants. ToSRV was detected, by PCR, in the ovaries of viruliferous females of B. tabaci MEAM1 but not in eggs, nymphs, or adults of the progeny of viruliferous females. Adult progeny of viruliferous females also did not transmit ToSRV to tomato plants. Together, the results indicate that vertical and horizontal transmission of ToSRV by B. tabaci MEAM1 is unlikely. Sustainable management of the tomato golden mosaic disease caused by ToSRV should continue to focus on using resistant varieties, managing sources of inoculum around tomato fields, and rational chemical control of the vector.
People exposed to suicide attempts: Frequency, impact, and the support received
Authors: Hvidkjær Karine Larving , Ranning Anne , Madsen Trine , Fleischer Elene , Eckardt Jens Peter , Hjorthøj Carsten , Cerel Julie , Nordentoft Merete , Erlangsen Annette 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about people who have been exposed to a suicide attempt by someone they know. The purpose of this study was to examine how many people have been exposed to a suicide attempt by someone they knew and whether the exposure was associated with general well‐being and suicidal ideation.MethodA population‐based online survey was conducted during 2019 in Denmark (n = 6,191). The associations between exposures to suicide attempt and general well‐being (WHO‐5) and suicidal ideation (Suicidal Ideation Attributes Scale) were examined using linear regression analyses.ResultsOverall, 24.6% reported having experienced a suicide attempt by someone they knew. Of those, 46.5% had experienced a suicide attempt of a close relation and this group reported having been more affected by the event. Those exposed scored lower on general well‐being (b: −3.0; 95% CI: −4.2 to −1.8; p > 0.001) and higher on suicidal ideation (b: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.3 – 1.9; p = 0.001) than those not exposed. Half of the exposed reported not having received sufficient support after the event.ConclusionSuicide attempt affects a substantial share of the population, and it might be relevant to ensure that support is available for those exposed perceived to be in need of support.
Hepatitis C‐positive donor to negative recipient kidney transplantation: A real‐world experience
Authors: Jandovitz Nicholas , Nair Vinay , Grodstein Elliot , Molmenti Ernesto , Fahmy Ahmed , Abate Mersema , Bhaskaran Madhu , Teperman Lewis 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have shown that transplanting a hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐negative recipients with a HCV‐positive donor is feasible in a research setting. In February 2018, we began transplanting HCV‐negative recipients with HCV‐positive donors as standard of care.MethodsAll patients, except those with previously cured HCV and those with cirrhosis, were consented for HCV NAT‐positive donor kidneys. After transplantation, patients were tested for HCV RNA until viremic. A direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) agent was prescribed based on genotype and insurance approval. Sustained virologic response (SVR) at weeks 4 and 12 was recorded. Renal function and death censored graft survival at 1 year were evaluated and compared to recipients of HCV NAT‐negative kidneys.ResultsA total of 25 HCV NAT‐positive donor kidney transplants from February to October 2018 were performed. All patients received basiliximab and maintained with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone. Median time from viremia to start of DAA was 13 (8‐22) days. The most common genotype was 1a (60%), followed by 3a (28%). The most commonly prescribed DAA was ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (56%), followed by velpatasvir/sofosbuvir (32%), and then glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (12%). All patients achieved initial SVR12, except one. One patient had a mixed‐genotype infection requiring retreatment to achieve SVR12. Death censored graft survival was 96%. Recipients of HCV NAT‐positive organs compared to HCV NAT‐negative organs received younger donors (mean 35 ± 8.9 vs 45.1 ± 15.7 years; P < .01) and spent less time on the waitlist (median 479 (93‐582) vs 1808 (567‐2263) days; P = .02).ConclusionHCV NAT‐negative recipients can be safely and successfully transplanted with HCV NAT‐positive donor kidneys outside of a research protocol. Access to DAA and timely administration of therapy is important and an insurance approval process within the transplant center can be beneficial to patients. A case of mixed‐genotype infection was presented, and although not as common, can be successfully treated. HCV organs can expand the organ pool and should no longer be considered experimental. The use of these organs in HCV‐negative recipient's decreases waiting time, have excellent outcomes, and should be considered standard of care.
Chromoplast differentiation in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruits
Authors: Rödiger Anja , Agne Birgit , Dobritzsch Dirk , Helm Stefan , Müller Fränze , Pötzsch Nina , Baginsky Sacha 
Published: December 2020

SummaryWe report here a detailed analysis of the proteome adjustments that accompany chromoplast differentiation from chloroplasts during bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit ripening. While the two photosystems are disassembled and their constituents degraded, the cytochrome b6f complex, the ATPase complex, and Calvin cycle enzymes are maintained at high levels up to fully mature chromoplasts. This is also true for ferredoxin (Fd) and Fd‐dependent NADP reductase, suggesting that ferredoxin retains a central role in the chromoplasts’ redox metabolism. There is a significant increase in the amount of enzymes of the typical metabolism of heterotrophic plastids, such as the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) and amino acid and fatty acid biosynthesis. Enzymes of chlorophyll catabolism and carotenoid biosynthesis increase in abundance, supporting the pigment reorganization that goes together with chromoplast differentiation. The majority of plastid encoded proteins decline but constituents of the plastid ribosome and AccD increase in abundance. Furthermore, the amount of plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) remains unchanged despite a significant increase in phytoene desaturase (PDS) levels, suggesting that the electrons from phytoene desaturation are consumed by another oxidase. This may be a particularity of non‐climacteric fruits such as bell pepper that lack a respiratory burst at the onset of fruit ripening.
Factors associated with the utilisation of primary care services: a cross-sectional study in public and private facilities in Albania
Authors: Gabrani Jonila , Schindler Christian , Wyss Kaspar 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo identify key factors influencing the utilisation of governmental and private primary healthcare services in Albania.DesignA cross-sectional health facility survey using a 4-point Likert scale questionnaire to rank the importance of factors driving services utilisation.SettingExit interviews with patients who consulted one of 23 primary care providers (18 public and 5 private) in Fier district of Albania from the period of July–August 2018.ParticipantsRepresentative sample of 629 adults ≥18 years of age.Main outcomes measures(1) Factors influencing the decision to visit a governmental or private primary care provider and (2) the association of sociodemographic characteristics and patients’ decision to attend a given provider. Data were analysed using mixed logistic regression models.ResultsNearly half of the participants in this study were older than 60 years (45%). The majority (63%) reported to suffer from a chronic condition. Prevailing determinants for choosing a provider were ‘quality of care’ and ‘healthcare professionals’ attitudes. Solely looking at patients using a public provider, ‘geographical proximity’ was the most important factor guiding the decision (85% vs 11%, p<0.001). For private provider’s patients, the ‘availability of diagnostic devices’ was the most important factor (69% vs 9%, p<0.001). The odds of using public facilities were significantly higher among the patients who perceived their health as poor (OR 5.59; 95% CI 2.62 to 11.92), suffered from chronic conditions (OR 3.13; 95% CI 1.36 to 7.24) or were benefiting from a socioeconomic aid scheme (OR 3.52; 95% CI 1.64 to 7.56).ConclusionThe use of primary healthcare is strongly influenced by geographical and financial access for public facility users and availability of equipment for private users. This study found that aspects of acceptability and adequacy of services are equally valued. Additional commitment to further develop primary care through engagement of local decision-makers and professional associations is needed.
Orodispersible and transmucosal alternative medications for symptom control in adults
Authors: Sutherland Anna Elizabeth , Presland Melinda , Harrop Emily , Carey Matthew , Miller Mary , Wong Ian Chi Kei CK 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundPaediatric palliative care makes frequent use of orodispersible and transmucosal drug delivery routes. The limited published experience of this practice suggests that it enables the delivery of needle-free symptom relief, with the potential to train family carers to administer anticipatory medications without reliance on trained health professionals.AimsTo identify orodispersible and potential transmucosal alternatives that may be used in adults in the event of a patient having no oral or intravenous route and no access to subcutaneous injections.MethodsThe author panel identified medications through review of multiple drug formularies, review of the published evidence and their experience. Where possible, licensed alternatives were identified and any ‘off label’ or unlicensed medications clearly highlighted.ResultsA list of 27 medications is provided, which could be used either via the orodispersible or transmucosal alternative route for healthcare professionals delivering end of life care to consider when the licensed alternative routes are unavailable. All users of this guide are encouraged to use their professional judgement whenever selecting a medication for a patient, recognising that this review is neither a guideline nor a systematic review, and taking account of licensing considerations, adverse effects, potential unpredictability of time to effect and contraindications.ConclusionShould it be necessary to use these orodispersible or transmucosal alternatives then any experience gained should be reported in the literature. Combined with further research, this experience offers the possibility of reducing injection frequency and inherent delays in medication administration, particularly in the community setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.