bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hardening model of severe plastically deformed AA2024 by high-pressure torsion
Authors: Lamin Fauziana , Mohd Ihsan Ahmad Kamal Ariffin , Mohamed Intan Fadhlina , Nuphairode Cheeranan Krutsuwan 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the validity of bilinear hardening model to represent the stress flow of high-pressure torsion (HPT)-strengthened lightweight material, AA2024.Design/methodology/approachFinite-element HPT simulation was performed by applying a simultaneous prescribed displacement on the axial and rotational axis that is equivalent to 4 GPa pressure and 30° torsion. The material behaviour incorporates plasticity attributes with a bilinear constitutive equation that consists of elastic and tangent modulus.FindingsAs a result, the von Mises stress generated from the simulation is in good agreement with the experiment, indicating that the assumptions of plasticity properties applied for the FEM simulation model are acceptable. The model verification confirms the anticipated plasticity parameters’ effect on the generated von Mises stress. The disc centre also evidenced an insignificant stress increment due to the limited shear straining.Research limitations/implicationsA reliable hardening model would assist in understanding the stress flow associated with mechanical properties enhancement.Practical implicationsThe bilinear hardening model exhibits a satisfactory stress estimation. It simplifies the ideal strain variable hardening procedures and lessens the total computation time that is valuable in solving severe plastic deformation problems.Originality/valueAn integration of well-defined input parameters, concerning the hardening behaviour and the plasticity properties, contributes to the establishment of a validated HPT simulation model, particularly for AA2024. This study also proved that perfectly plastic behaviour is inappropriate to represent hardening in the HPT-strengthened materials due to the remarkable stress deviation from the experimental data.
Identification of effective criteria to improve lighting quality in existing art museums
Authors: Hassanizadeh Negar , Noorzai Esmatullah , Mohseni AbdolReza 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify effective lighting criteria in the museum from two theoretical and practical points of view.

Design/methodology/approach
Assessment of theoretical and practical weight of criteria was taken with the aim of concurrent attention in scientific and executive. Finally, ten effective criteria were identified by the Pareto chart.

Findings
The findings of this study represents a centralized reference source of the most important criteria and also effective guidance to improve the lighting quality and effective guideline to improve the lighting quality and operational fluency.

Practical implications
The paper can help the lighting experts, contemporary designers and future researchers to enhance the lighting function in art museums and design based on needs as well as up-to-date techniques.

Originality/value
Lighting as a fundamental element in the existing art museum has a significant impact on the better understanding of the artworks by the viewers. On the other hand, according to the importance of protecting valuable museum artefacts, lighting can have an effective or destructive impact on them directly. But with consideration of different museum lighting, there is a large range of effective lighting criteria that can choose the right methods harder.
Helping or intervening? Modes of ordering in public sector digitalization
Authors: Jørgensen Bastian , Schou Jannick 
Published: March 2020

PurposeThis paper examines how digital reforms affect the relationship between frontline workers and citizens in Danish public sector institutions. Using ethnographic research in two branches of public administration, the study highlights how frontline workers act in accordance with seemingly contradictory modes of ordering. Their acts problematize linear conceptualizations of change that often prevail in digital reforms.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a comparative ethnographic study of frontline workers in the Danish tax and customs administration and municipal citizen service centers. The concept of modes of ordering is used to highlight new tensions that arise as frontline workers adapt to make digital reforms work.FindingsFrontline workers act according to two different modes of ordering based on the separation between helping citizens help themselves and helping citizens directly. National policies and strategies promote the underlying rationale of the first mode but, as this paper shows, this mode is sustained by a second mode, which involves the intervention of professionals when citizens cannot be helped to help themselves.Originality/valueThe paper, which contributes to our understanding of how digitalization is changing public administrations and the relationship between frontline workers and citizens, challenges applying a linear, technocratic focus in discourses on public sector digitalization and highlights the contradictory practices of frontline work. It demonstrates the necessity of going beyond policy narratives and calls for increased attention to how frontline workers adapt to make reforms work.
Do you pass it on? An examination of the consequences of perceived cyber incivility
Authors: McCarthy Kimberly , Pearce Jone L. , Morton John , Lyon Sarah 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The emerging literature on computer-mediated communication at the study lacks depth in terms of elucidating the consequences of the effects of incivility on employees. This study aims to compare face-to-face incivility with incivility encountered via e-mail on both task performance and performance evaluation.

Design/methodology/approach
In two experimental studies, the authors test whether exposure to incivility via e-mail reduces individual task performance beyond that of face-to-face incivility and weather exposure to that incivility results in lower performance evaluations for third-parties.

Findings
The authors show that being exposed to cyber incivility does decrease performance on a subsequent task. The authors also find that exposure to rudeness, both face-to-face and via e-mail, is contagious and results in lower performance evaluation scores for an uninvolved third party.

Originality/value
This research comprises an empirically grounded study of incivility in the context of e-mail at study, highlights distinctions between it and face-to-face rudeness and reveals the potential risks that cyber incivility poses for employees.
Hydromagnetic free convective flow of Walters’-B fluid over a vertical surface with time varying surface conditions
Authors: Singh Jitendra Kumar , Seth Gauri Shenkar , Begum Ghousia , S. Vishwanath 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
In the present investigation, hydromagnetic boundary layer flow of Walters’-B fluid over a vertical porous surface implanted in a porous material under the action of a strong external applied magnetic field and rotation is presented. In several industrial applications, the external applied magnetic field is strong enough to produce Hall and ion-slip currents. Thus, the influence of Hall and ion-slip currents is also considered in this analysis. The flow through configuration is generated because of time varying motion of the free-stream and buoyancy action.

Design/methodology/approach
Regular perturbation scheme is used to obtain the solution of the system of coupled partial differential equations representing the mathematical model of the problem. Numerical computation has been performed to notice the change in flow behavior and the numerical results for velocity field, temperature field, species concentration, skin friction, rate of heat and mass transfer are presented through graphs and tables.

Findings
An important fact noticed that the exponential time varying motion of the free-stream induces reverse flow in the direction perpendicular to the main flow. Rising values of the strength of the applied magnetic field give increment in the fluid velocity in the neighbourhood of the vertical surface, this may cause because of the exponential motion of the free-stream. The behaviour of the Darcian drag force is similar as magnetic field on fluid flow.

Originality/value
In literature, very less research works are available on Walters’-B fluid where unsteadiness in the system occurs because of time varying motion of the free-stream. In this paper, the authors have made an attempt to study the action of Hall and ion-slip currents, rotation and external applied magnetic field on hydromagnetic boundary layer flow of Walters’-B fluid over a vertical surface implanted in a porous material.
Efficacy and safety of bexarotene combined with photo(chemo)therapy for cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Morita Akimichi , Tateishi Chiharu , Muramatsu Shinnosuke , Kubo Ryouji , Yonezawa Eri , Kato Hiroshi , Nishida Emi , Tsuruta Daisuke 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a chronic condition with low malignancy. International treatment guidelines for CTCL are widely followed in Europe and the USA. Combination therapy with therapeutic agents for CTCL and phototherapy is effective on the basis of European data. The efficacy and safety of combination therapy for Japanese CTCL patients are not established. We investigated the efficacy and safety of combination therapy with photo(chemo)therapy and bexarotene in Japanese CTCL patients. Twenty‐five patients received daily oral bexarotene (300 mg/m2 body surface), followed by bath‐psoralen plus ultraviolet (UV)‐A (PUVA) or narrowband UV‐B. Treatment results were evaluated using the modified Severity‐Weighted Assessment Tool (mSWAT) and the Physician Global Assessment of Clinical Condition (PGA) up to week 24. Safety was also assessed. Twenty‐four weeks after initiating treatment, the total response rate was 80.0% (mSWAT) and 84.0% (PGA). Response rates did not differ when stratified by disease stage. Number of days (mean ± standard deviation) for time to response, duration of response and time to progression determined by the mSWAT were 20.7 ± 9.62, 117.0 ± 43.0 and 163.6 ± 28.8, respectively. T‐helper 2 chemokine levels in patients at stage IIA or more decreased significantly at weeks 12 and 24. All patients experienced adverse events and adverse drug reactions. Serious adverse drug reactions included sepsis, anemia and congestive cardiac insufficiency (n = 1 each). Other adverse drug reactions were of mild to moderate severity. Combination therapy with bexarotene and PUVA was safe and effective in Japanese CTCL patients.
Novel mutation in the KITLG gene in familial progressive hyperpigmentation with or without hypopigmentation
Authors: Kato Maki , Yagami Akiko , Tsukamoto Tetsuya , Shinkai Yasuko , Kato Takema , Kurahashi Hiroki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe herein report a novel mutation in familial progressive hyper‐ and hypopigmentation (FPHH). The KITLG gene encoding the KIT ligand protein is a disease‐causing gene for FPHH. Various disease‐causing gain‐of‐function mutations, which reside within or adjacent to the conserved VTNN motif of this gene, have been described to date. We have now identified a novel KITLG mutation, c.337G>A (p.Glu113Lys), in FPHH which is located within another ligand‐receptor interaction site.
Simulating effects of fitness and dispersal on the use of Trojan sex chromosomes for the management of invasive species
Authors: Day Casey C. , Landguth Erin L. , Simmons Ryan K. , Baker William P. , Whiteley Andrew R. , Lukacs Paul M. , Bearlin Andrew 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

The use of Trojan Y chromosomes (TYC) for controlling invasive species involves manipulating the sex chromosomes of captive‐raised individuals. Following release, the offspring of these individuals consist of only one sex, thereby skewing the sex ratio of the invasive population and potentially leading to eradication. Simulation models are needed that can inform managers about how to maximize the likelihood of invasive species eradication, since implementation of this novel management approach in the field is still rare.

Here, we present the first spatially explicit, mechanistic simulation model of a real‐world TYC program for invasive species eradication. Using a brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis system model, we investigated the effects of competitive and reproductive fitness of the captive‐raised YY males, dispersal behaviour upon their release and landscape heterogeneity on eradication success.

Likelihood of eradication was dependent on both the competitive and reproductive fitness of the Trojan individuals. Competitive fitness (i.e. survival) had a higher threshold for eradication, below which the invasive populations were not eradicated.

Movement ecology of both the wild and YY male populations was important for eradication. Under a restricted dispersal scenario for YY males following their release, the wild population was not extirpated but maintained a stable, yet reduced, population size. Analysis of landscape configuration indicated that time to eradication of local patches increased with greater connectivity within the stream network.

In addition to sex ratio distortion, density‐dependent mortality resulting from outplantings made an important contribution to population decline and therefore may also affect native competitors.

Synthesis and applications. The use of Trojan sex chromosomes to skew population sex ratios is a novel method for the suppression and eradication of aquatic invasive species. Results from our modelling work indicate that while eradication is possible, maximizing its likelihood requires an understanding of the fitness and movement ecology of both the wild and YY male populations of the invasive species. Both our model and the principles derived from this study related to fitness and behavioural landscape ecology can be broadly applied to other invaded species and systems.
QuiC2 represents a functionally distinct class of dehydroshikimate dehydratases identified in Listeria species including Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Xue Kevin , Prezioso Stephanie M. , Christendat Dinesh 
Published: March 2020

SummaryMany Listeria species including L. monocytogenes contain the pathway for the biosynthesis of protocatechuate from shikimate and quinate. The qui1 and qui2 operons within these Listeria spp. encode enzymes for this pathway. The diversion of shikimate pathway intermediates in some Listeria species to produce protocatechuate suggests an important biological role for this compound to these organisms. A total of seven ORFs, including quiC2, were identified within qui1 and qui2, however only three proteins encoded by the operons have been functionally annotated. The final step in Listeria's protocatechuate biosynthesis involves the conversion of dehydroshikimate by a dehydroshikimate dehydratase (DSD). In this study, we demonstrate that QuiC2 functions as a DSD in Listeria spp. through biochemical and structural analyses. Moreover, we show that QuiC2 forms a phylogenetic cluster distinct from other functionally annotated DSDs. The individual phylogenetic clusters of DSD are represented by enzymes that produce protocatechuate for distinct biological processes. Similarly, QuiC2 is expected to produce protocatechuate for a novel biological process. We postulate that protocatechuate produced by DSDs found within the QuiC2 phylogenetic cluster provides an ecological niche for representative organisms.
Ghana's national health insurance, free maternal healthcare and facility‐based delivery services
Authors: Agbanyo Richard 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGhana implemented the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in 2005 and introduced free maternal healthcare (FMH) into the scheme in 2008. These reforms aimed at improving the utilization of healthcare, especially for expectant mothers. Using data from the 2008 and 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS) with a sample of 8,081, this study employed multivariate probit and conditional mixed process (CMP) estimators to analyze the NHIS enrolment and the use of facility‐based delivery services among expectant mothers within the context of Sustainable Development Goal 3 in Ghana. The influence of birth order on these policies has also been explored. Before and after analysis was used for the effect of the FMH on NHIS enrolment and the use of delivery services while CMP was used for the effect of NHIS on delivery services. It is concluded that higher birth order reduces the likelihood of NHIS enrolment and health facility delivery. Moreover, the FMH policy has improved both NHIS enrolment and facility‐based delivery. Finally, the NHIS policy proves to be a reliable factor to induce utilization of facility‐based delivery services. It is recommended that maternal health education at antenatal care visits should be enriched with potential consequences and complications associated with multiple births. The National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) should provide registration desks for expectant mothers at health facilities.
Measuring poverty with noisy and corrected estimates of annual consumption: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Gibson John , Alimi Omoniyi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn opportunity to improve measurement and modelling of poverty in Africa arises from recent intra‐year panel surveys that observe household consumption in post‐planting and post‐harvest periods. Observing the same household twice lets an intra‐year correlation be estimated, which can be used to form a corrected estimate of annual consumption. The usual approach surveys consumption for just one short period, like a week or month, and extrapolates to an annual total. This may adequately estimate mean annual consumption for samples spread over a year but overstates dispersion. The resulting noise in consumption estimates inflates measures of poverty and inequality and creates misclassification errors that bias logit and probit models of poverty determinants. This study uses data from the 2012/2013 Nigeria General Household Survey panel to show effects on poverty measures of using annual estimates extrapolated from short‐period surveys. With the corrected extrapolation method that uses intra‐year correlations to adjust for inflated variances, Nigeria's poverty headcount rate falls by one half. Hence, much of the poverty measured in cross‐sectional surveys is transient poverty, for which different policy interventions are needed than for alleviating chronic poverty.
Legislating deliberative engagement: Is local government in Victoria willing and able?
Authors: Savini Emanuela , Grant Bligh 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGrowing dissatisfaction with representative democracy and concomitantly, the increasing expectation that citizens assert more influence over public policy have seen the emergence of more participatory and deliberative forms of governance in public management practice. This article explores the attempt of the state government of Victoria, Australia to legislate for mandatory deliberative engagement as part of its local government strategic planning instruments. The ambition of the reform was significant; however, it was almost unanimously rejected by the local government sector. Based on analysis of the key themes that emerged from the submissions made during the 3‐year Victorian Local Government Act Review process, we explore the limitations and barriers to implementing deliberative engagement practice at a local government level. We demonstrate that whilst the promise of participatory democracy might have been compelling, in the case of Victoria there were a series of contextual and capacity considerations that needed to be taken into account before the implementation of such reforms were pursued.
Effect of UK plain tobacco packaging and minimum pack size legislation on tobacco and nicotine product switching behaviour
Authors: Opazo Breton Magdalena , Britton John , Bogdanovica Ilze 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsThe introduction of plain tobacco packaging and minimum pack size legislation in the United Kingdom between May 2016 and May 2017 was accompanied by substantial changes in tobacco product diversity and pricing. This study investigates the extent to which these changes were associated with consumer switching between tobacco product types and price segments, and from tobacco to non‐tobacco nicotine products.DesignLongitudinal study (changing trends in product and price choices) and survey (reasons for consumer choices).SettingGreat BritainParticipantsWe used 11 695 British households from Kantar Worldpanel who purchased tobacco and non‐tobacco nicotine products from March 2011 to December 2017.MeasurementsProduct choice was defined using household's monthly purchases of tobacco (cigarettes, roll‐your‐own (RYO) tobacco, cigar/cigarillo and pipe tobacco) and non‐tobacco nicotine products (e‐cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy), while price was defined using price paid by pack size and by price quartiles. Our switching analysis considered three switching alternatives: switching to a different tobacco product or to a combination of tobacco products, switching to any non‐nicotine tobacco product, and switching out of our dataset. We explored changes in price quartile purchasing behaviour using binary variables for whether a household purchased or not from each price quartile monthly. Finally, self‐declared consumer's choice was assessed through survey responses.FindingsThe introduction of plain packaging and minimum pack sizes coincided with major switching to purchasing of pack sizes of 20 cigarettes or 30 g or larger RYO tobacco (>99% of purchases in December 2017) and a migration towards lower‐price cigarettes, as for cigarettes, around 80% of purchases were in the lowest price quartiles at the end of the study period compared to about 50% at the start of the study period. During the first 6 months of implementation there was also a marked increase in the likelihood that cigarette smokers would switch to non‐tobacco nicotine (OR 1.74, 95% CI: 1.18 to 2.57), predominantly e‐cigarettes, compared with the period before May 2016. Survey results suggest that price was the main driver of changes in purchasing behaviour.ConclusionsImplementation of plain packaging and minimum pack size legislation in the UK appears to have been associated with tobacco users switching to lower price tobacco products and to e‐cigarettes.
The Ibogaine Experience: A Qualitative Study on the Acute Subjective Effects of Ibogaine
Authors: Kohek Maja , Ohren Maurice , Hornby Paul , Alcázar‐Córcoles Miguel Ángel , Bouso José Carlos 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIbogaine is the most abundant alkaloid present in the African shrub Tabernanthe iboga. As a result of the lack of research on the acute subjective effects, the purpose of this study was to identify categories of the ibogaine experience and gain a better understanding of the internal processes while under its effects. We created a semistructured interview and recruited twenty individuals who had recently taken ibogaine. The interviews were analyzed according to grounded theory approach. We identified eight categories (physical, sensory, visual, cognitive, auditory, adverse, anti‐dependency agent, after‐effects) and ten subcategories (open eye visuals; closed eye visuals: ancestors and entities, sceneries and landscapes, horrific scenarios; self‐psychoanalysis enhancement; empathy, love, and prosocial behavior; catharsis; observer quality; ego dissolution; spiritual states) of the acute subjective effects of ibogaine. The study contributes to the advancement of our understanding of ibogaine and its role in personal growth, prosocial behavior, therapeutic use, and anti‐dependency treatments.