bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microparticles expressing myeloperoxidase as potential biomarkers in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV)
Authors: Manojlovic M. , Juto A. , Jonasdottir A. , Colic J. , Vojinovic J. , Nordin A. , Bruchfeld A. , Gunnarsson I. , Mobarrez F. , Antovic A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo investigate presence of circulating myeloperoxidase-positive microparticles (MPO+MPs) in relation to disease activity in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). Forty-six patients with AAV and 23 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Vasculitis disease activity was assessed using the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). MPs were analyzed in citrate plasma by flow cytometry and phenotyped based on MPO expression and co-expression of pentraxin-3 (PTX3), high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), and tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). Serum levels of PTX3, sTWEAK, and HMGB1 were also determined. Twenty-three patients had active vasculitis (BVAS ≥ 1). Concentrations of MPO+MPs expressing PTX3, HMGB1, and TWEAK were significantly higher in patients compared to healthy controls (p< 0.001,p< 0.01,p< 0.001, respectively), while concentrations of PTX3+and HMGB1+MPO+MPs were significantly higher in active AAV compared to patients in remission. MPO+MPs expressing either PTX3 or HMGB1 were associated with BVAS (r= 0.5,p< 0.001;r= 0.3,p= 0.04, respectively). Significantly higher serum PTX3 levels were found in active- than in inactive AAV (p< 0.001), correlating strongly with BVAS (r= 0.7,p< 0.001). Serum levels of sTWEAK and HMGB1 did not differ between patients and controls. Concentration of MPO+MPs is increased in plasma from AAV patients compared to healthy individuals. PTX3 in serum as well as PTX3 and HMGB1 expressed on MPO+MPs were associated with disease activity in the investigated patients.Key messagesMyeloperoxidase-positive microparticles (MPO+MPs) are increased in plasma from patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.Concentrations of MPO+MPs expressing PTX3, HMGB1, and TWEAK were significantly higher in patients compared to healthy controls.MPO+MPs expressing PTX3 and HMGB1 are associated with disease activity in ANCA-associated vasculitis.
Decentralization and mutual liability rules
Authors: Ketelaars Martijn , Borm Peter , Quant Marieke 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper builds on the recent work of Groote Schaarsberg et al. (Math Methods Oper Res 87(3):383–409, 2018) on mutual liability problems. In essence, a mutual liability problem comprises a financial network in which agents may have both monetary individual assets and mutual liabilities. Here, mutual liabilities reflect rightful monetary obligations from past bilateral transactions. To settle these liabilities by reallocating the individual assets, mutual liability rules are analyzed that are based on centralized bilateral transfer schemes which use a certain bankruptcy rule as its leading allocation mechanism. In this paper we derive a new characterization of mutual liability rules by taking a decentralized approach instead, which is based on a recursive individual settlement procedure. We show that for bankruptcy rules that satisfy composition, this decentralized procedure always leads to the same allocation as the one prescribed by the corresponding mutual liability rule based on centralized bilateral transfer schemes. Finally, we introduce a new reduction method for mutual liability problems and prove that any bankruptcy-rule-based mutual liability rule is invariant with respect to such a reduction.
Pulmonary Vasodilator Therapy in Children with Single Ventricle Physiology: Effects on Saturation and Pulmonary Arterial Pressure
Authors: Jeremiasen Ida , Tran-Lundmark Karin , Idris Nikmah , Tran Phan-Kiet , Moledina Shahin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn children with single ventricle physiology, increased pulmonary vascular resistance may impede surgical progression or result in failing single ventricle physiology. The use of pulmonary vasodilators has been suggested as a potential therapy. However, knowledge on indication, dosage, and effect is limited. A retrospective case notes review of all (n = 36) children with single ventricle physiology, treated with pulmonary vasodilators by the UK Pulmonary Hypertension Service for Children 2004–2017. Therapy was initiated in Stage 1 (n = 12), Glenn (n = 8), or TCPC (n = 16). Treatment indications were high mean pulmonary arterial pressure, cyanosis, reduced exercise tolerance, protein-losing enteropathy, ascites, or plastic bronchitis. Average dose of sildenafil was 2.0 mg/kg/day and bosentan was 3.3 mg/kg/day. 56% had combination therapy. Therapy was associated with a reduction of the mean pulmonary arterial pressure from 19 to 14 mmHg (n = 17, p < 0.01). Initial therapy with one or two vasodilators was associated with an increase in the mean saturation from 80 to 85%, (n = 16, p < 0.01). Adding a second vasodilator did not give significant additional effect. 5 of 12 patients progressed from Stage 1 to Glenn, Kawashima, or TCPC, and 2 of 8 from Glenn to TCPC during a mean follow-up time of 4.7 years (0–12.8). Bosentan was discontinued in 57% and sildenafil in 14% of treated patients and saturations remained stable. Pulmonary vasodilator therapy was well tolerated and associated with improvements in saturation and mean pulmonary arterial pressure in children with single ventricle physiology. It appears safe to discontinue when no clear benefit is observed.
Quantifying in vivo scaphoid, lunate, and capitate kinematics using four-dimensional computed tomography
Authors: Brinkhorst Michelle , Foumani Mahyar , van Rosmalen Joost , Selles Ruud , Hovius Steven , Strackee Simon , Streekstra Geert 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to establish a quantitative description of motion patterns and establish test-retest reliability of the four-dimensional CT when quantifying in vivo kinematics of the scaphoid, lunate, and capitate.

Materials and methods
We assessed in vivo kinematics of both wrists of 20 healthy volunteers (11 men and 9 women) between the ages of 20 and 40 years. All volunteers performed active flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation with both wrists. To test for reliability, one motion cycle was rescanned for both wrists approximately 15 min after the first scan. The coefficient of multiple correlation was used to analyze reliability. When two motion patterns are similar, the coefficient of multiple correlation tends towards 1, whereas in dissimilar motion patterns, it tends towards 0. The root mean square deviation was used to analyze the total motion patterns variability between the two scans.

Results
Overall, mean or median coefficient of multiple correlations were higher than 0.86. The root mean square deviations were low and ranged from 1.17° to 4.29°.

Conclusion
This innovative non-invasive imaging technique can reliably describe in vivo carpal kinematics of uninjured wrists in healthy individuals. It provides us with a better understanding and reference values of carpal kinematics of the scaphoid, lunate, and capitate.
68Ga-PSMA PET/CT targeted biopsy for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer compared with transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy: a prospective randomized single-centre study
Authors: Zhang Le-Le , Li Wen-Cheng , Xu Zheng , Jiang Nan , Zang Shi-Ming , Xu Lu-Wei , Huang Wen-Bing , Wang Feng , Sun Hong-Bin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is valuable for detecting primary and recurrent prostatic lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT as a triage tool for prostate biopsy (PSMA-TB) and compare with transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-GB) for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa).

Methods
This single-centre study randomly allocated 120 patients with elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (> 4 ng/ml) to PSMA-PET or TRUS group. Patients with PSMA-avid lesions (SUVmax ≥ 8.0) underwent PSMA-TB via a single-puncture percutaneous transgluteal approach (n = 25), whilst patients with negative PSMA-PET underwent systematic TRUS-GB (n = 35). All patients in the TRUS group underwent TRUS-GB directly (n = 60).

Results
PCa and csPCa were detected in 26/60 (43.3%) and 24/60 (40.0%) patients in the PSMA-PET group and 19/60 (31.6%) and 15/60 (25.0%) in the TRUS group, respectively. In the PSMA-PET group, the detection rate of PCa and csPCa were significantly higher in PSMA-PET-positive than negative patients (PCa, 23/25 (92.0%) vs 3/35 (8.6%), P < 0.01; csPCa, 22/25 (88.0%) vs 2/35 (5.7%), P < 0.01). PSMA-TB detected significantly more PCa and csPCa than TRUS-GB in the TRUS controls (PCa, 21/25 (84.0%) vs 19/60 (31.6%), P < 0.01; csPCa, 20/25 (80.0%) vs 15/60 (25.0%), P < 0.01). PSMA-PET detected significantly more cases of csPCa amongst patients with PSA 4.0–20.0 ng/ml than TRUS (27.02% vs 8.82%, P < 0.05). No haematuria, urinary retention or pelvic infection was observed after PSMA-TB compare with TRUS-GB.

Conclusions
68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT is a feasible imaging technique that may serve as a triage tool for prostate biopsy, and may improve the detection rate of csPCa compared with TRUS-GB, especially in patients with serum PSA 4.0–20.0 ng/ml.
Clinical impact of 18F-FDG-PET among memory clinic patients with uncertain diagnosis
Authors: Perini Giulia , Rodriguez-Vieitez Elena , Kadir Ahmadul , Sala Arianna , Savitcheva Irina , Nordberg Agneta 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the clinical impact and incremental diagnostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) among memory clinic patients with uncertain diagnosis.

Methods
The study population consisted of 277 patients who, despite extensive baseline cognitive assessment, MRI, and CSF analyses, had an uncertain diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 177) or dementia (n = 100). After baseline diagnosis, each patient underwent an FDG-PET, followed by a post-FDG-PET diagnosis formulation. We evaluated (i) the change in diagnosis (baseline vs. post-FDG-PET), (ii) the change in diagnostic accuracy when comparing each baseline and post-FDG-PET diagnosis to a long-term follow-up (3.6 ± 1.8 years) diagnosis used as reference, and (iii) comparative FDG-PET performance testing in MCI and dementia conditions.

Results
FDG-PET led to a change in diagnosis in 86 of 277 (31%) patients, in particular in 57 of 177 (32%) MCI and in 29 of 100 (29%) dementia patients. Diagnostic change was greater than two-fold in the sub-sample of cases with dementia “of unclear etiology” (change in diagnosis in 20 of 32 (63%) patients). In the dementia group, after results of FDG-PET, diagnostic accuracy improved from 77 to 90% in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and from 85 to 94% in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) patients (p < 0.01). FDG-PET performed better in dementia than in MCI (positive likelihood ratios >5 and < 5, respectively).

Conclusion
Within a selected clinical population, FDG-PET has a significant clinical impact, both in early and differential diagnosis of uncertain dementia. FDG-PET provides significant incremental value to detect AD and FTLD over a clinical diagnosis of uncertain dementia.
Predictors of 30‐ and 90‐Day Readmissions After Complex Abdominal Wall Reconstruction With Biological Mesh: A Longitudinal Study of 232 Patients
Authors: Gogna Shekhar , Latifi Rifat , Choi James , Con Jorge , Prabhakaran Kartik , Smiley Abbas , Anderson Patrice L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundHospital readmissions are recognized as indicators of poor healthcare services which further increase patient morbidity. The aim of this study is to analyze predicting factors for the 30‐day and 90‐day readmissions after a complex abdominal wall reconstruction (CAWR).MethodsA pooled analysis of the prospective study and retrospective database patients undergoing CAWR with acellular porcine dermis from 2012 to 2019 was carried out. Independent t test for continuous variables and Chi‐square and Fischer's exact tests for categorical variables were used. A multivariable logistic regression model and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the independent predictors of 30‐day and 90‐day readmissions.ResultsA total of 232 patients underwent CAWR, and the readmission rate (RR) was 16.8% (n = 40). The 30‐day and 90‐day RR was 11.3% (n = 23) and 13.3% (n = 33), respectively. There were no statistical differences in age, frailty, and gender distribution between the two groups. There was no difference in ASA score, type of component separation, ventral hernia working group class, size of the biological mesh, placement of mesh, and intestinal resection rate. The Clavien–Dindo complications and mean comprehensive complication index (CCI) were higher in the readmission group as compared to no readmission group (p < 0.01). Readmitted patients had higher surgical site infections (p < 0.01) and wound necrosis (p = 0.01). Higher CCI, past or concomitant pelvic surgery, and the presence of enterocutaneous fistula were independent predictors of earlier days to readmission.ConclusionSurgical site occurrences were associated with 30‐day and 90‐day readmissions after CAWR, while the presence of ascites and dialysis was associated with 90‐day readmissions.
Environmental changes and plant use during the 5th-14th centuries in medieval Gdańsk, northern Poland
Authors: Święta-Musznicka Joanna , Badura Monika , Pędziszewska Anna , Latałowa Małgorzata 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper reviews the results of the many years of investigations on the ecological aspects of settlement development in the oldest districts of the city of Gdańsk, the impacts of the changing climate and growing human pressure on the local environment, as well as the question of plant use by the inhabitants during the Middle Ages. Before the settlement was established, the landscape was dominated by alder woods and shallow water bodies of the extensive wetlands in the Wisła estuary. An important factor making settlement possible was probably the lowering of the water table around the 9th–10th centuriesad, causing a reduction of wetland. Archaeobotanical results are consistent with archaeological data on the periods at which particular town districts were settled. They provide evidence of the earliest changes to the natural environment, starting in the Stare Miasto (“Old Town”) in the 11th–12th centuries, in the Główne Miasto (“Main Town”) in the 12th–13th centuries, and on Wyspa Spichrzów (“Granary Island”) during the 13th–14th centuries. The gradual expansion of the town caused a diversification of the local flora. Natural wetland communities and semi-natural wet meadows and pastures were still common within the settled area until the 14th century. On the other hand, the rapid spread of built-up areas, roads and gardens allowed the growth of ruderal vegetation there. Archaeobotanical and historical evidence shows the diverse and changing plant foods in the diet of the inhabitants during the Middle Ages.
Predictors of adverse pathology on radical prostatectomy specimen in men initially enrolled in active surveillance for low-risk prostate cancer
Authors: Björnebo Lars , Olsson Henrik , Nordström Tobias , Jäderling Fredrik , Grönberg Henrik , Eklund Martin , Lantz Anna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate clinical variables, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predictive of adverse pathology (AP) at radical prostatectomy (RP) in men initially enrolled in active surveillance (AS).

Methods
A population-based cohort study of men diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa), in Stockholm County, Sweden, during 2008–2017 enrolled in AS their intended primary treatment followed by RP. AP was defined as ISUP grade group  ≥ 3 and/or pT-stage ≥ T3. Association between clinical variables at diagnosis and time to AP was evaluated using Cox regression and multivariate logistic regression to evaluate the association between AP and clinical variables at last biopsy before RP.

Results
In a cohort of 6021 patients with low-risk PCa, 3116 were selected for AS and 216 underwent RP. Follow-up was 10 years, with a median time on AS of 23 months. 37.7% of patients had AP at RP. Clinical T-stage [Hazard ratio (HR): 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–3.18] and PSA (HR: 1.31, 95% CI 1.17–1.46) at diagnosis and age [Odds Ratio (OR): 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.18), PSA (OR: 1.22, 95% CI 1.07–1.41), and PI-RADS (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.11–2.55)] at last re-biopsy were significantly associated with AP.

Conclusion
PI-RADS score is significantly associated with AP at RP and support current guidelines recommending MRI before enrollment in AS. Furthermore, age, cT-stage, and PSA are significantly associated with AP.
An investigation of dietary intake, nutrition knowledge and hydration status of Gaelic Football players
Authors: McCrink Conor M. , McSorley Emeir M. , Grant Kirsty , McNeilly Andrea M. , Magee Pamela J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the dietary intake, nutrition knowledge and hydration status of Irish Gaelic footballers.

Method
One hundred and sixty-eight male club/county level Irish Gaelic footballers (median [IQR]; age 23 years [20.0, 27.0]; height 1.79 m [1.74, 1.84]; body mass 78.0 kg [73.5, 84.8]) participated in this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was assessed using a 4-day semi-quantitative food record, with the application of Goldberg cut-offs to define acceptable reporters (n  = 62). Nutrition knowledge was assessed using the validated Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire in a sub-group of athletes (n = 24), while hydration status was measured using urine specific gravity pre-exercise (USG) in 142 athletes.

Results

Dietary analysis indicated an energy deficit at the group level (485 kcal [IQR 751,6]) (p < 0.001), with carbohydrate intakes (3.6 g/kg [IQR 3.0,4.1]) below current guidelines for athletes participating in one hour moderate intensity exercise per day (5–7 g/kg; p < 0.001). Average vitamin D (3.8 µg [IQR 1.8, 5.5]) and selenium intakes (54.2 µg [47.2, 76.7]) were significantly below the reference nutrient intakes (p < 0.001). A high proportion of individual athletes also had sub-optimal intakes for: vitamin D (95.2%), selenium (72.6%), vitamin A (38.7%), potassium (30.6%), zinc (25.8%), magnesium (19.4%) and calcium (12.9%). Nutrition knowledge was deemed poor (40.2 ± 12.4%), while pre-exercise hydration status (median USG 1.010 [IQR 1.005, 1.017]) was significantly below the cut-off to denote dehydration (1.020; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that Irish Gaelic footballers have sub-optimal dietary practices and lack nutrition knowledge. Individualised nutrition support may benefit these athletes to meet their nutrition requirements, to support health and performance.
Immune-mediated neurological syndromes in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients
Authors: Guilmot Antoine , Maldonado Slootjes Sofia , Sellimi Amina , Bronchain Maroussia , Hanseeuw Bernard , Belkhir Leila , Yombi Jean Cyr , De Greef Julien , Pothen Lucie , Yildiz Halil , Duprez Thierry , Fillée Catherine , Anantharajah Ahalieyah , Capes Antoine , Hantson Philippe , Jacquerye Philippe , Raymackers Jean-Marc , London Frederic , El Sankari Souraya , Ivanoiu Adrian , Maggi Pietro , van Pesch Vincent 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Evidence of immune-mediated neurological syndromes associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection is limited. We therefore investigated clinical, serological and CSF features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with neurological manifestations.

Methods
Consecutive COVID-19 patients with neurological manifestations other than isolated anosmia and/or non-severe headache, and with no previous neurological or psychiatric disorders were prospectively included. Neurological examination was performed in all patients and lumbar puncture with CSF examination was performed when not contraindicated. Serum anti-gangliosides antibodies were tested when clinically indicated.

Results
Of the 349 COVID-19 admitted to our center between March 23rd and April 24th 2020, 15 patients (4.3%) had neurological manifestations and fulfilled the study inclusion/exclusion criteria. CSF examination was available in 13 patients and showed lymphocytic pleocytosis in 2 patients: 1 with anti-contactin-associated protein 2 (anti-Caspr2) antibody encephalitis and 1 with meningo-polyradiculitis. Increased serum titer of anti-GD1b antibodies was found in three patients and was associated with variable clinical presentations, including cranial neuropathy with meningo-polyradiculitis, brainstem encephalitis and delirium. CSF PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was negative in all patients.

Conclusions
In SARS-Cov-2 infected patients with neurological manifestations, CSF pleocytosis is associated with para- or post-infectious encephalitis and polyradiculitis. Anti-GD1b and anti-Caspr2 autoantibodies can be identified in certain cases, raising the question of SARS-CoV-2-induced secondary autoimmunity.
Combined Viscoplasticity-Embedded Discontinuity Model for 3D Description of Rock Failure Under Dynamic Loading
Authors: Saksala Timo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a combined viscoplasticity-embedded discontinuity model for 3D analyses of rock failure processes under dynamic loading. Capabilities of a rate-dependent embedded discontinuity model, implemented with the linear tetrahedral element, for mode I (tension) loading induced fractures is extended to compressive (shear) failure description by viscoplastic softening model with the Drucker–Prager yield criterion. The return mapping update formulas are derived for the corner plasticity case exploiting the consistency conditions for both models simultaneously. The model performance is demonstrated in 3D numerical simulations of uniaxial tension and compression test on a heterogeneous rock at various loading rates. These simulations corroborate the conception that the rate sensitivity of rock is a genuine material property in tension while structural (inertia) effects play the major role in compression at high loading rates (up to 1000 s−1). Finally, the model is validated with predicting the experiments of dynamic Brazilian disc test on granite.
Mid-infrared spectroscopy of alkali feldspar samples for space application
Authors: Reitze Maximilian P. , Weber Iris , Kroll Herbert , Morlok Andreas , Hiesinger Harald , Helbert Jörn 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFeldspars are major components of terrestrial planetary surfaces. For future space application and the setup of a comprehensive reference database, Na- and K-rich alkali feldspars, NaAlSi3O8– KAlSi3O8, have been investigated by infrared reflectance spectroscopy. We related the feldspar spectra to the chemical composition and state of Al,Si order/disorder. The infrared measurements were analyzed with respect to band shifts and peak shapes using the autocorrelation function. Natural samples served as starting materials. Some samples were treated by the alkali exchange method to produce pure end-members, which were then heated to generate various states of Al,Si disorder. X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods served to determine the Al,Si distribution. Our autocorrelation allowed to differentiate between the compositional and the order/disorder influences seen in the spectra in the wavelength range between 7μm up to 14μm (1429 cm− 1to 714 cm− 1). Space missions often analyze the surfaces of planetary bodies using remote sensing. Therefore, our results are essential to characterize and distinguish alkali feldspars on the surfaces of terrestrial planetary bodies like Mercury.