bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can voice disorders matter as much as life‐threatening comorbidities to patients’ general health?
Authors: DeVore Elliana Kirsh , Carroll Thomas L. , Rosner Bernard , Shin Jennifer J. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveNational initiatives and funding agencies may deprioritize voice disorders relative to conditions such as malignancy, pulmonary, or cardiac disease. It is unknown whether the impact of voice problems is outweighed by other potentially more serious disease states. Our objective was thus to quantify the extent to which voice contributes to general health status when adjusting for concurrent, more life‐threatening comorbidities.MethodsAdults (n = 430) presenting to a tertiary care academic center with a primary voice complaint completed the Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10) and the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System global health short‐form instrument (PROMIS). Medical comorbidities were categorized via the Deyo modification of the Charlson Comorbidity Index. The influence of voice and comorbid conditions on general health scores was assessed through multivariate ordinal regression. The potential for effect modification was also evaluated.ResultsVHI‐10 mean scores were 11.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 10.5 to 12.4). PROMIS physical and mental health t scores were 49.0 (95% CI, 48.0 to 49.9) and 51.6 (95% CI, 50.6 to 52.5), respectively. Global and social item scores were 3.4 (95% CI, 3.3 to 3.5) and 3.7 (95% CI, 3.6 to 3.8), respectively. The most prevalent comorbid conditions were pulmonary disease, malignancy, and connective tissue disorders. In all analyses, voice handicap was a significant predictor of general health, even when adjusting for comorbid conditions (VHI‐10 β = −1.349, P < 0.001 for physical health; β = −1.278, P < 0.001 for mental health; β = −1.691, P < 0.001 for social health; β = −0.956, P < 0.001 for the global overview item).ConclusionIn the observed population, voice health has a significant, multi‐dimensional impact on general health, which is not subsumed by the presence of comorbidities.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 130:2405–2411, 2020
Using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy to Distinguish Tumor Tissue From Fibrosis in Rectal Cancer Patients as a Guide to Surgery
Authors: Baltussen Elisabeth J.M. , Brouwer de Koning Susan G. , Sanders Joyce , Aalbers Arend G.J. , Kok Niels F.M. , Beets Geerard L. , Hendriks Benno H.W. , Sterenborg Henricus J.C.M. , Kuhlmann Koert F.D. , Ruers Theo J.M. 
Published: December 2019

Background and ObjectivesIn patients with rectal cancer who received neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy, fibrosis is induced in and around the tumor area. As tumors and fibrosis have similar visual and tactile feedback, they are hard to distinguish during surgery. To prevent positive resection margins during surgery and spare healthy tissue, it would be of great benefit to have a real‐time tissue classification technology that can be used in vivo.Study Design/Materials and MethodsIn this study diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was evaluated for real‐time tissue classification of tumor and fibrosis. DRS spectra of fibrosis and tumor were obtained on excised rectal specimens. After normalization using the area under the curve, a support vector machine was trained using a 10‐fold cross‐validation.ResultsUsing spectra of pure tumor tissue and pure fibrosis tissue, we obtained a mean accuracy of 0.88. This decreased to a mean accuracy of 0.61 when tumor measurements were used in which a layer of healthy tissue, mainly fibrosis, was present between the tumor and the measurement surface.ConclusionIt is possible to distinguish pure fibrosis from pure tumor. However, when the measurements on tumor also involve fibrotic tissue, the classification accuracy decreases. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preparation of Superhydrophobic Fabrics via Chemical Self‐Healing Strategy and Their High Oil/Water Separation Performance and Enhanced Durability
Authors: Liu Lili , Shan Yuxing , Pu Maoyuan , Zhao Xiuli , Huang Yawen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe ability of a fabric to restore its superhydrophobicity after damage is utilized to prepare highly durable fabrics for oil/water separation. A physical self‐healing concept is a conventional way to improve durability. However, this method cannot recover the oil/water separation performance when serious damage appears. In this work, a chemical self‐healing concept to solve the above problem is proposed. Self‐healable silicon rubber (SR), which is cross‐linked by cobalt‐based coordination bonds, is coated on silica@polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics. The modified fabric exhibits superhydrophobic characteristics with a contact angle of 158°, high oil/water separation efficiency (≈99%), and high durability. After damage, these modified fabrics enable fast self‐healing at room temperature (in just 10 min) and maintain their oil/water separation efficiency above 98%. For conventional SR‐modified silica@PET fabrics, their superhydrophobicity and oil/water separation efficiency significantly decreases under identical damaging. Thus, this study provides a new path for the development of various room‐temperature self‐healable superhydrophobic fabrics.
High‐Performance Flexible Sensors of Self‐Healing, Reversibly Adhesive, and Stretchable Hydrogels for Monitoring Large and Subtle Strains
Authors: Zhou Hongwei , Li Shuangli , Liu Hanbin , Zheng Bohui , Jin Xilang , Ma Aijie , Chen Weixing 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFlexible sensors are becoming required in heath monitoring and human–machine interfaces, but it is still a challenge to develop flexible sensors with integrated high performances. Herein, high‐performance flexible sensors are fabricated that are self‐healing, reversibly adhesive, and utilizing stretchable hydrogels, which are composed of a pluronic F127 diacrylate (F127DA) cross‐linked poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) network and polydopamine (PDA), and further cross‐linked by Fe3+. The unique structure endows the resulting hydrogels (PAA‐PDA‐Fe3+ hydrogels) excellent self‐healing property, reversible adhesion property, mechanical stretchability, and electrical conductivity. On the basis of the excellent properties of PAA‐PDA‐Fe3+ hydrogels, flexible sensors with large sensing range (0–575%), high sensitivity (GF = 6.31), low response time (0.25 s), and excellent robustness (>500 cycles) are assembled and further applied in detecting both large and subtle strains induced by human motions and water ripple. Overall, this work not only provides an alternative clue to construct multi‐functional hydrogels, but also offers a new kind of high‐performance materials for flexible electronic devices, especially those for health monitoring and human–machine interface.
On a scattering length for additive functionals and spectrum of fractional Laplacian with a non‐local perturbation
Authors: Kim Daehong , Matsuura Masakuni 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper we study the scattering length for positive additive functionals of symmetric stable processes on . The additive functionals considered here are not necessarily continuous. We prove that the semi‐classical limit of the scattering length equals the capacity of the support of a certain measure potential, thus extend previous results for the case of positive continuous additive functionals. We also give an equivalent criterion for the fractional Laplacian with a measure valued non‐local operator as a perturbation to have purely discrete spectrum in terms of the scattering length, by considering the connection between scattering length and the bottom of the spectrum of Schrödinger operator in our settings.
Gartanin is a novel NEDDylation inhibitor for induction of Skp2 degradation, FBXW2 expression, and autophagy
Authors: Pham Victor , Rendon Raymond , Le Vinh X. , Tippin Matthew , Fu Dong‐Jun , Le Thanh H. , Miller Marvin , Agredano Ericka , Cedano Jose , Zi Xiaolin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGartanin, a 4‐prenylated xanthone, has been identified from the purple mangosteen fruit as a potent growth inhibitor of various cancer cell lines, including prostate cancer. However, much of Gartanin's anticancer mechanism remains unknown. We have discovered that Gartanin docked onto the regulatory subunit of the precursor cell‐expressed developmentally downregulated 8 (NEDD8)‐activating enzyme (NAE) complex and next to the NEDD8 binding complex, which leads to inhibit NEDD8 conjugations to both Cullin1 and Ubc12 in prostate cancer cell lines and Ubc12 NEDDylation in an in vitro assay. The S phase kinase‐associated protein (Skp2) and F‐box and WD‐repeat domain‐containing 2 (FBXW2), the NEDD8 family members of E3 ubiqutin ligases, were also downregulated and upregulated by Gartainin, respectively. Knock‐down of NEDD8 expression by short harpin (Sh) RNAs blocked or attenuated these effects of Gartainin. Finally, Gartanin demonstrated its ability to inhibit growth of prostate cancer lines via autophagy initiation. Our data support that Gartanin is a naturally occurring NEDDylation inhibitor and deserves further investigation for prostate cancer prevention and treatment.
Ornithine decarboxylase inhibition downregulates multiple pathways involved in the formation of precancerous lesions of esophageal squamous cell cancer
Authors: Xie Yifei , Dong Christopher D , Wu Qiong , Jiang Yanan , Yao Ke , Zhang Jing , Zhao Simin , Ren Ying , Yuan Qiang , Chen Xinhuan , Liu Zhongyi , Zhao Jimin , Liu Kangdong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe high incidence and mortality of esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) is a major health problem worldwide. Precancerous lesions of ESCC may either progress to cancer or revert to normal epithelium with appropriate interventions; the bidirectional instability of the precancerous lesions of ESCC provides opportunities for intervention. Reports suggest that the upregulation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is closely related to carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated whether ODC may act as a target for chemoprevention in ESCC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays indicate that ODC expression is higher in esophageal precancerous lesions compared with normal tissue controls. Its overexpression promotes cell proliferation and transformation of normal esophageal epithelial cells, and its activity is increased after N‐nitrosomethylbenzylamine (NMBA) induction in Shantou human embryonic esophageal cell line (SHEE) and human immortalized cells (Het1A) cells. In addition, p38 α, extracellular regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in the mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway and protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) pathways are activated in response to NMBA treatment. Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) is an ODC inhibitor, which inhibits NMBA‐induced activation of p38 α, ERK1/2 and AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathways; this has been verified by Western blotting. DFMO was also found to suppress the development of esophageal precancerous lesions in an NMBA‐induced rat model; IHC demonstrated p38 α, ERK1/2, and AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathways to be downregulated in these rats. These findings indicate the mechanisms by which ODC inhibition suppresses the development of esophageal precancerous lesions by downregulating p38 α, ERK1/2, and AKT/mTOR/p70S6k signaling pathways, ODC may be a potential target for chemoprevention in ESCC.
Strategies for developing pregnane X receptor antagonists: Implications from metabolism to cancer
Authors: Chai Sergio C. , Wright William C. , Chen Taosheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPregnane X receptor (PXR) is a ligand‐activated nuclear receptor (NR) that was originally identified as a master regulator of xenobiotic detoxification. It regulates the expression of drug‐metabolizing enzymes and transporters to control the degradation and excretion of endobiotics and xenobiotics, including therapeutic agents. The metabolism and disposition of drugs might compromise their efficacy and possibly cause drug toxicity and/or drug resistance. Because many drugs can promiscuously bind and activate PXR, PXR antagonists might have therapeutic value in preventing and overcoming drug‐induced PXR‐mediated drug toxicity and drug resistance. Furthermore, PXR is now known to have broader cellular functions, including the regulation of cell proliferation, and glucose and lipid metabolism. Thus, PXR might be involved in human diseases such as cancer and metabolic diseases. The importance of PXR antagonists is discussed in the context of the role of PXR in xenobiotic sensing and other disease‐related pathways. This review focuses on the development of PXR antagonists, which has been hampered by the promiscuity of PXR ligand binding. However, substantial progress has been made in recent years, suggesting that it is feasible to develop selective PXR antagonists. We discuss the current status, challenges, and strategies in developing selective PXR antagonists. The strategies are based on the molecular mechanisms of antagonism in related NRs that can be applied to the design of PXR antagonists, primarily driven by structural information.
Two cases of von Willebrand disease type 3 in consanguineous Chinese families
Authors: Wang Xiong , Tang Ning , Lu Yanjun , Hu Qun , Li Dengju 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundvon Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder caused by defective or deficient von Willebrand factor (VWF). VWD type 3 is inherited in autosomal recessive manner. We described clinical and molecular features of VWD type 3 in two consanguineous marriage families.MethodsPeripheral blood was collected, PT, APTT, FVIII:C, VWF:RCo, VWF:Ag were measured. A targeted next‐generation sequencing panel covering F8, F9, and VWF genes was applied followed by Sanger sequencing.ResultsBoth families had a baby die in their first year due to bleeding disorders. A 23‐year‐old female patient from family A suffered menorrhagia, and another 30‐year‐old male patient from family B was characterized with hematoma in the lower extremity. Both patients showed severely decreased FVIII:C, VWF:Ag. Recurrent homozygous VWF c.4696C>T (p.Arg1566Ter) nonsense mutation was identified in the female patient, and novel homozygous VWF c.6450C>A (p.Cys2150Ter) nonsense mutation was identified the male patient. Heterozygotes in family members showed mild/moderate decrease in VWF:Ag or VWF:RCo.ConclusionsWe identified VWD type 3 in two consanguineous marriage families, and our work further strengthen the risk of delivering disorders inherited in AR manner in populations with frequent consanguineous partnerships.
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid acts via TGR5 receptor to facilitate DNA damage repair and improve early porcine embryo development
Authors: Dicks Naomi , Gutierrez Karina , Currin Luke , Priotto de Macedo Mariana , Glanzner Werner , Michalak Marek , Agellon Luis B. , Bordignon Vilceu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDNA damage associated with assisted reproductive technologies is an important factor affecting gamete fertility and embryo development. Activation of the TGR5 receptor by tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) has been shown to reduce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in embryos; however, its effect on genome damage responses (GDR) activation to facilitate DNA damage repair has not been examined. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TUDCA on DNA damage repair and embryo development. In a porcine model of ultraviolet light (UV)‐induced nuclear stress, TUDCA reduced DNA damage and ER stress in developing embryos, as measured by γH2AX and glucose‐regulated protein 78 immunofluorescence, respectively. TUDCA was equally able to rescue early embryo development. No difference in total cell number, DNA damage, or percentage of apoptotic cells, measured by cleaved caspase 3 immunofluorescence, was noted in embryos that reached the blastocyst stage. Interestingly, Dicer‐substrate short interfering RNA‐mediated disruption of TGR5 signaling abrogated the beneficial effects of TUDCA on UV‐treated embryos. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed activation of the GDR, through increased messenger RNA abundance of DNAPK, 53BP1, and DNA ligase IV, as well as the ER stress response, through increased spliced XBP1 and X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis. Results from this study demonstrated that TUDCA activates TGR5‐mediated signaling to reduce DNA damage and improve embryo development after UV exposure.
Practical recommendations of the EAU‐ESPU guidelines committee for monosymptomatic enuresis—Bedwetting
Authors: Bogaert Guy , Stein Raimund , Undre Shabnam , Nijman Rien J. M. , Quadackers Josine , ‘t Hoen Lisette , Kocvara Radim , Silay Selcuk , Tekgul Serdar , Radmayr Christian , Dogan Hasan Serkan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground and AimsThe objective of this update of the EAU‐ESPU guidelines recommendations for nocturnal enuresis was to review the recent published literature of studies, reviews, guidelines regarding the etiology, diagnosis and treatment options of nocturnal enuresis and transform the information into a practical recommendation strategy for the general practitioner, pediatrician, pediatric urologist and urologist.Material and MethodsSince 2012 a monthly literature search using Scopus® was performed and the relevant literature was reviewed and prospectively registered on the European Urology bedwetting enuresis resource center (http://bedwetting.europeanurology.com/). In addition, guideline papers and statements of the European Society for Paediatric Urology (ESPU), the European Association of Urology (EAU), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the International Children Continence Society (ICCS) were used to update the knowledge and evidence resulting in this practical recommendation strategy. Recommendations have been discussed and agreed within the working group of the EAU‐ESPU guidelines committee members.ResultsThe recommendations focus to place the child and his family in a control position. Pragmatic analysis is made of the bedwetting problem by collecting voiding and drinking habits during the day, measuring nighttime urine production and identification of possible risk factors such as high‐volume evening drinking, nighttime overactive bladder, behavioral or psychological problems or sleep disordered breathing. A questionnaire will help to identify those risk factors.ConclusionMotivation of the child is important for success. Continuous involvement of the child and the family in the treatment will improve treatment compliance, success and patient satisfaction.
A novel, nonopiod‐based treatment approach to men with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome using ultrasound‐guided nerve hydrodissection and pelvic floor musculature trigger point injections
Authors: Hui Jordan , Seko Kyle , Shrikhande Gautam , Ahmed Tayyaba , Hill Charity , Reutter Christian , Shrikhande Allyson 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionUrological chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) represents a group of pain symptoms relating to patients with pelvic pain for which treatment is largely unsatisfactory. The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of a novel treatment strategy in males suffering from UCPPS.MethodsThis retrospective, institutional review board–approved study analyzed eight male patients aged 24 to 61 with UCPPS. All the patients had a trial of antibiotic therapy, NSAIDs, and pelvic floor physical therapy before the study. The Visual Analog scale (VAS) and Functional Pelvic Pain scale (FPPS) were collected pretreatment. While continuing physical therapy, patients underwent weekly ultrasound‐guided pelvic floor trigger point injections to the iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, and puborectalis with lidocaine 1%. Concomitantly, patients received peripheral nerve hydrodissection performed on the pudendal nerve and the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve. The first two injections combined 1% lidocaine with dexamethasone, while the next four injections consisted of 1% lidocaine with traumeel (a homeopathic, plant‐derived anti‐inflammatory medication). At the 6‐week follow‐up, each patient retook the VAS and FPPS.ResultsThe mean age of our patients was 31.8 years and the average duration of symptoms of the UCPPS was 21 months. Pretreatment, the mean VAS was 3.3 (STD 1.7) and the mean VAS posttreatment was 1.8 (STD 1.4); P < .05; 95% CI, 0.73 to 2.27. The mean FPPS pretreatment was 11.0 (STD 8.0) and the mean FPPS posttreatment was 6.3 (STD 5.3); P < .05; 95% CI, 0.03 to 9.22.ConclusionOur results show promise for a novel, nonopioid‐based treatment for UCPPS.
The molecular effects of electrical stimulation on the muscle components of the urethra of female rats after trauma by vaginal distention
Authors: Salerno Gisela R. F. , Bortolini Maria A. T. , Gomes Regina C. T. , Feitosa Suellen M. , Simões Manuel J. , Zanoteli Edmar , Castanho Fernanda L. , Castro Rodrigo A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the expression of genes and proteins related to the urethral muscles of female rats after trauma by vaginal distention (VD) and after electrical stimulation therapy (EST).MethodsWe compared the urethras of four groups of 20 animals each: control without trauma (C), 7 (recent‐trauma) and 30 days (late‐trauma) post‐VD, and VD‐treated with EST. We evaluated the expression of myogenic regulatory factors MYOD1 and myogenin (MYOG); skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain 1, 2, and 3 (MYH1, MYH2, and MYH3); smooth muscle MYH11; and myosin light chain 9 (MYL9). We used real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry.ResultsMYOD1 and MYOG genes were overexpressed in the recent‐trauma group compared with the other groups (P < .05). MYH1 and MYH3 genes were upregulated in the recent‐trauma group compared with the control and EST groups (P < .05). The MYH2 gene was overexpressed in the late‐trauma group (P < .05), while the MYH2 protein was significantly increased in the EST group compared with control, recent‐trauma and late‐trauma groups by 5‐, 3‐, and 2.7‐fold change, respectively (P < .05). MYL9 and MYH11 messenger RNA were overexpressed in both trauma groups compared with control and EST groups (P < .05). MYH11 protein was not different among the study groups (P > .05).ConclusionsEST enhances the recovery of the damaged urethral tissue of rats mainly by acting on the striated‐muscle components. The MYH2 pathway underlies the positive effects of EST in the external urethral sphincter.