bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gain enhancement wideband CPW antenna based on artificial magnetic conductor
Authors: AboEl-Hassan May , Farahat A. E. , Hussein K. F. A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Unidirectional radiation and, hence, gain enhancement can be achieved by placing a primary radiator (simple antenna) at suitable height over a reflector to diminish back radiation and to enhance the forward radiation. The reflector used to enhance the gain is usually an electrically conducting surface (ECS) or an artificial magnetic conducting surface (AMCS). The ECS unifies the direction of radiation by reflecting the incident wave with
$$180^\circ$$
phase shift, which requires the placement of the antenna at large enough height above the reflector to avoid destructive interference between the incident and the reflected waves. The AMCS is a metasurface constructed as periodic structure to produce reflection with 0° phase. This allows the antenna to be placed near the AMCS without destructive interference. Thus, the combined structure of the antenna and the AMCS reflector can have lower profile than that resulting in the case of employing ECS. The present work proposes a planar wideband antenna as well as an AMCS to produce unidirectional radiation with high gain over a wide frequency band. The proposed antenna is a planar octagon-shaped monopole patch with inverted U-slot and is fed through a coplanar waveguide (CPW). Both the radiating patch and the feeding line are printed on a single-sided substrate of type Rogers RT5880 of dimensions
$$27\,\text{mm}\times 37\,\text{mm}$$
and thickness
$$1.57\,\text{mm}$$
. The patch geometry is designed to maximize the radiation efficiency by cutting an inverted U-shaped slot with long base. The proposed AMCS consists of
$$5\times 5$$
cells and has dimensions
$$70\,\text{mm }\times 70\,\text{mm}$$
. The metallic patches of AMCS cells are printed on the top layer of a substrate of type Rogers’ RO4003C of thickness
$$1.52\,\text{mm}$$
. Both the proposed antenna and AMCS are fabricated for experimental evaluation of the performance of the radiating structure. It is shown by simulation and measurement that the proposed antenna when based on the proposed AMCS produces a realized gain of
$$11.5\,\text{dBi}$$
and total efficiency of greater than
$$80\%$$
over the frequency band 3.5–6.5 GHz.
Alzheimer’s disease biological PET staging using plasma p217+tau
Authors: Feizpour Azadeh , Doré Vincent , Krishnadas Natasha , Bourgeat Pierrick , Doecke James D. , Saad Ziad S. , Triana-Baltzer Gallen , Laws Simon M. , Shishegar Rosita , Huang Kun , Fowler Christopher , Ward Larry , Masters Colin L. , Fripp Jurgen , Kolb Hartmuth C. , Villemagne Victor L. , Rowe Christopher C. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Plasma phospho-tau biomarkers, such as p217+tau, excel at identifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathology. However, their ability to substitute for tau PET to identify AD biological stage is unclear.

Methods
Participants included 248 cognitively unimpaired (CU) and 227 cognitively impaired (CI) individuals, with Janssen plasma p217+tau Simoa® assay, 18F-NAV4694 Aβ-PET (A) and 18F-MK6240 tau-PET (T) data. Biological PET stages were defined according to the Revised Criteria for Diagnosis and Staging of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024): Initial (A + T-), Early (A + TMTL + ), Intermediate (A + TMOD + ), and Advanced (A + THIGH + ). The threshold for A+ was 25 Centiloid and for THIGH + , the 75th percentile SUVRtemporo-parietal in A + CI. Sixty percent were A + , 36% Intermediate/Advanced, and 9% Advanced. The performance of p217+tau in discriminating AD stages was assessed using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis and logistic regression.

Results
Plasma p217+tau concentrations increase across the AD biological PET stages, except between Initial and Early stages. Screening for all AD stages (vs. A-T-), combined Intermediate/Advanced stages, or Advanced stage yields AUC of 0.92, 0.92, and 0.91, respectively (CI only: AUC 0.93, 0.89, 0.83). Plasma p217+tau Youden threshold provides sensitivity of 0.77 [0.73–0.90], specificity 0.91 [0.80–0.95], PPV 0.84 [0.71–0.89], and NPV 0.88 [0.85–0.93] for combined Intermediate/Advanced stages. For the Advanced stage alone, sensitivity is 0.89 [0.79–0.97], specificity 0.82 [0.75–0.9], NPV 0.99 [0.98–1.0], but PPV is only 0.33 [0.25–0.47].

Conclusions
In addition to accurately screening for A+ individuals, plasma p217+tau is useful for identifying a combined Intermediate/Advanced stage AD cohort or pre-screening to reduce the tau-PET required to identify Advanced stage AD individuals.
Deubiquitination of RIPK3 by OTUB2 potentiates neuronal necroptosis after ischemic stroke
Authors: Mei Fuqi , Deng Deyu , Cao Zijun , Lou Liyan , Chen Kangmin , Hu Minjie , Zhu Zhenhu , Shen Jiangyun , Zhang Jianzhao , Liang Jie , Huang Jingyong , Bao Min , Waisman Ari , Wang Xu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
As a common and severe cerebrovascular disease, ischemic stroke casts a significant shadow over global health. Unfortunately, the mechanisms regulating neuronal death in the affected areas remain largely unclear. Here, we found that deletion of the deubiquitinating enzyme Otubain-2 (OTUB2) significantly alleviated ischemia-induced cerebral infarction and neurological deficits, accompanied by a reduction in neuronal loss, glial activation, and neuroinflammation. OTUB2 was predominantly expressed in neurons and its deletion decreased receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3)-mediated neuronal necroptosis. Moreover, OTUB2 increased RIPK3 protein abundance by inhibiting the proteasomal degradation of RIPK3. Mechanistically, OTUB2 removed K48-linked polyubiquitin chains from RIPK3 through its active site C51. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of OTUB2 alleviated ischemic brain injury in mice and reduced oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal death in human brain organoids. These results demonstrate that OTUB2 critically regulates ischemic stroke injury by potentiating neuronal necroptosis, suggesting that OTUB2 inhibition may become a potential therapeutic approach for treating ischemic stroke.
Spine Trauma Classifications: Historical, Current, and Emerging Perspectives for Radiologists
Authors: Nandolia Khanak , Saran Sonal , Varshney Garima , Shirodkar Kapil , Iyengar Karthikeyan P. , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe spine serves as a protective, load-bearing, and stabilizing axis for the body. Trauma can cause significant damage to spinal structures, potentially resulting in severe neurological dysfunction and disabilities such as paraplegia or quadriplegia. Early and accurate diagnosis of these injuries is important, with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging being important for recognizing these injuries and guiding timely treatment to minimize disability. Radiologists play a critical role in assessing spine trauma to determine stability, which informs the need for nonoperative or operative management. Trauma classification systems are vital for uniform communication between radiologists and surgeons, aiding in decision-making. Various classifications exist for cervical, thoracolumbar, and sacral trauma, each with advantages and limitations. Understanding these classification systems is essential for guiding diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication. Over the years, these systems have evolved, reflecting advancements in medical knowledge, imaging technology, and clinical practices. Contemporary classification systems have addressed the limitations of previous systems. Vaccaro et al proposed the “Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score (TLICS)” in 2005 and the “Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification System” in 2007. These classifications focus on injury morphology, the integrity of the posterior ligamentous complex or discoligamentous complex, and the patient's neurologic status. The Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) founded the “Spine Classification Group” to review the “AO-Magerl classification” and create an extensive system for the whole spine. This system focuses on fracture morphology, neurological status, clinical modifiers, and facet joint injury. The TLICS system is straightforward and easy to use in clinical practice, while the AOSpine system is more comprehensive and reliable. As classification systems evolve, collaboration among radiologists, spine surgeons, and researchers will be essential. By embracing advancements in imaging technology and incorporating new clinical data, the field of spine trauma classification can achieve greater accuracy and consistency, ultimately enhancing patient care and outcomes.
Stakeholder engagement in regulatory policymaking in a neo-corporatist setting: assessing diversity and balance in open consultations
Authors: Alasuutari Noora , Rantala Kati 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
It has been argued that engaging a wide range of stakeholders in regulatory policymaking could enhance its legitimacy, quality, and acceptability. Open consultations are the only venue that theoretically allows the participation of those affected by policy proposals or those with a special position in relation to them. We examine the participation of all stakeholder types in open consultations, including organized and non-organized interests, across policy areas and time in Finland, a country with a neo-corporatist background. Our novel dataset consists of over 16,000 written statements submitted in nearly 500 open consultations over three years (2013, 2017, and 2021). We study the level of diversity among stakeholder types using the Herfindahl–Hirschman index while also discussing the balance of their participation in relation to the policy areas in which their engagement occurs. Our findings reveal that organized interests are particularly active compared to non-organized actors, although we note some increase in the engagement of companies over the years. The overall level of stakeholder diversity reflects moderate concentration, but it varies considerably across policy areas. We suggest that occasional high concentration in engagement does not necessarily indicate imbalance, as the policy issue itself determines whose involvement is most relevant.
Gravitational lensing of neutrinos in parametrized black hole spacetimes
Authors: Alloqulov Mirzabek , Chakrabarty Hrishikesh , Malafarina Daniele , Ahmedov Bobomurat , Abdujabbarov Ahmadjon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We consider gravitational lensing of neutrinos in
a black hole geometry that parametrizes departures from the Schwarzschild spacetime
in the weak-field limit with plane-wave approximation.
We use the Rezzolla-Zhidenko parametrization and
apply the analysis to the effects of spatial curvature deviations from GR to a hypothetical system with a central object of mass of the order of a solar mass and a detector located at an Earth-like distance from the source.
We find that the deformation parameters of the metric can have significant impact on the oscillation probabilities of the neutrinos.
We also investigate the role of decoherence on flavor oscillations of the lensed neutrinos and show that the parameters of the metric
do not have significant effect on the decoherence length.
Probing dark matter electromagnetic properties in direct detection experiments
Authors: Ibarra Alejandro , Reichard Merlin , Tomar Gaurav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Astronomical and cosmological observations indicate that dark matter should interact very weakly with the electromagnetic radiation. Nevertheless, the existence of such interactions is not precluded by observations nor by theoretical considerations. A promising approach to probe the dark matter electromagnetic properties is through the search of photon-mediated dark matter-nucleus interactions in direct detection experiments. In this paper we present a simple methodology to calculate the scattering rate in a direct detection experiment for given values of the dark matter electric charge, charge radius, electric- and magnetic- dipole moments and anapole moment. In our work we include contributions to the scattering from nuclear recoils and from the Migdal effect. We finally apply this formalism to determine exclusion limits on the five electromagnetic interactions using data from XENON1T, LZ, PICO-60 and DS50 experiments, and we discuss the implications for a simplified dark matter model with t-channel mediators.
Expanding covariant cosmography of the local universe: incorporating the snap and axial symmetry
Authors: Kalbouneh Basheer , Santiago Jessica , Marinoni Christian , Maartens Roy , Clarkson Chris , Sarma Maharshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Studies show that the model-independent, fully non-perturbative covariant cosmographic approach is suitable for analyzing the local Universe (z ≲ 0.1). However, accurately characterizing large and inhomogeneous mass distributions requires the fourth-order term in the redshift expansion of the covariant luminosity distance dL
(zn
).
We calculate the covariant snap parameter 𝕊 and its spherical harmonic multipole moments using the matter expansion tensor and the evolution equations for lightray bundles.
The fourth-order term adds 36 degrees of freedom, since the highest independent multipole of the snap is the 32-pole (dotriacontapole) (ℓ=5).
Including this term helps to de-bias estimations of the covariant deceleration parameter. Given that observations suggest axially symmetric anisotropies in the Hubble diagram for z ≲ 0.1 and theory shows that only a subset of multipoles contributes to the signal, we demonstrate that only 12 degrees of freedom are needed for a model-independent description of the local universe. We use an analytical axisymmetric model of the local Universe, with data that matches the Zwicky Transient Facility survey, in order to provide a numerical example of the amplitude of the snap multipoles and to forecast precision.
Asymmetric mode-pairing quantum key distribution with advantage distillation
Authors: Wang Hai-tao , Zhou Chun , Lu Yi-fei , Hao Chen-peng , Zhao Yan-mei , Zhou Yan-yang , Li Hong-wei , Bao Wan-su 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Mode-pairing quantum key distribution (MP-QKD) is a excellent scheme that can exceed the the repeaterless rate-transmittance bound without complex phase locking. Nevertheless, MP-QKD usually needs to ensure that the communication distance between the two channels is equal. To address the problem, the asymmetric MP-QKD protocol is proposed. In this paper, we enhance the performance of asymmetric MP-QKD protocol based on the advantage distillation (AD) method without modifying the quantum process. The simulation results show that the AD method can extend the communication distance by about 70 km in the case of asymmetry. And we observe that as the misalignment error increases, the AD method further increases the expandable communication distance. Our work can further enhance the robustness and promote the practical application of asymmetric MP-QKD.
Isobavachalcone-loaded electrospun polycaprolactone/gelatin nanofibers for antibacterial and antioxidant applications
Authors: Guo Peibo , Zhang Wen , Zhao Pei , Lv Xinyi , Qu Ao , Liang Wenjing , Hou Huijing , Li Ying , Wu Zijian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Antibacterial nanofibers have been widely used in the fields of biomedicine and food packaging fields. To overcome existing antibiotic resistance, this study utilized isobavachalcone (IBC), a natural compound with antibacterial and antioxidant properties, combined with polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin (GEL) to develop an electrospun nanofibrous antibacterial membrane. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed a uniform and smooth surface structure of the nanofiber. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction confirmed the interactions among the components of the nanofibrous membrane PCL/GEL/IBC (PGI). Thermogravimetric analysis and contact angle measurements demonstrated the thermal stability and hydrophilic nature. Additionally, the mechanical properties of PGI membrane were that the elongation at break increased to 19.9% and the tensile strength to 2.9 MPa. In vitro release studies indicated at least 48% release rate of IBC from the PGI nanofibrous membrane in 12 h, and release period up to 14 d. Antioxidant results revealed PGI membranes had fine abilities for scavenging free radical. The elimination of over 99% of Staphylococcus aureus and elimination of 54% Candida albicans demonstrated the antibacterial capacities of the PGI membrane, indicating its potential as antibacterial and antioxidant materials. Subsequent faster wound healing, lower oxidative damage for 4-HNE and 8-OHdG, further demonstrated that PGI can reduce oxidative damage at the wound and promote wound healing. These findings also suggest the potential of PGI in the field of tissue engineering.
Biotechnological advances in 3D modeling of cancer initiation. Examples from pancreatic cancer research and beyond
Authors: Handschin C , Shalhoub H , Mazet A , Guyon C , Dusserre N , Boutet-Robinet E , Oliveira H , Guillermet-Guibert J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, biofabrication technologies have garnered significant attention within the scientific community for their potential to create advanced in vitro cancer models. While these technologies have been predominantly applied to model advanced stages of cancer, there exists a pressing need to develop pertinent, reproducible, and sensitive 3D models that mimic cancer initiation lesions within their native tissue microenvironment. Such models hold profound relevance for comprehending the intricacies of cancer initiation, to devise novel strategies for early intervention, and/or to conduct sophisticated toxicology assessments of putative carcinogens. Here, we will explain the pivotal factors that must be faithfully recapitulated when constructing these models, with a specific focus on early pancreatic cancer lesions. By synthesizing the current state of research in this field, we will provide insights into recent advances and breakthroughs. Additionally, we will delineate the key technological and biological challenges that necessitate resolution in future endeavors, thereby paving the way for more accurate and insightful in vitro cancer initiation models.
Stress Level of Adolescent with Idiopathic Scoliosis Using Braces for the Treatment: A Descriptive Study in Vietnam
Authors: Hong Khanh Son , Nguyen Thi Bang Giao , Trinh Quang Dung , Nguyen Hoai Nam , Pham Van Minh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The effectiveness of braces in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis has been demonstrated. However, prolonged use of a brace causes patients to feel self-conscious about their appearance, leading to stress in adolescents.

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the stress levels of adolescents utilizing braces for the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis, as well as analyze the correlation between stress with sociodemographic and clinical factors.

Methods
A total of 114 adolescents ages 10 to 18 who have idiopathic scoliosis with a Cobb angle of 20° to 40° receiving braces participated in a cross-sectional study. Participant eligibility requirements included a treatment period of 3 to 24 months and a wearing time of at least 12 hours daily. The Brace and Deformity versions of the Bad Sobernheim Stress Questionnaire (BSSQ) scale were used to assess the stress levels of individuals with idiopathic scoliosis.

Results
The BSSQ-Brace and BSSQ-Deformity scales measured a high level of stress of 83.3% and 71.1%, respectively. The correlation between stress level as measured by the BSSQ-Deformity and participation in additional courses was statistically significant (P = 0.022).

Conclusions
The stress levels of adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis are elevated. Health education, psychological, and social support are required to mitigate the effects of stress during braces treatment.

Clinical Relevance
The stress levels of adolescents during bracing were shown by our research. The research thus can assist clinicians in the development of support measures for children, the enhancement of treatment effectiveness, and the mitigation of adverse mental health effects.
Recent evidence for stepping down severe asthma therapies
Authors: Merrell Eric , Khurana Sandhya 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of review
Biologics have proven safe and effective for severe asthma. Their introduction has offered hope for patients and prescribers with a growing list of novel medications and indications. While ‘step-up’ indications for biologic initiation are well described in guidelines, ‘step-down’ strategy remains poorly understood and thus guidance is limited. In this opinion article we aim to focus on recent practice changing evidence for stepping-down severe asthma management, tools for the assessment of biologic efficacy, propose a framework for the step-down of biologic and nonbiologic therapies and suggest topics of interest for future research.

Recent findings
Clinical tools have been developed to aid in assessing biologic response. Some patients experience marked improvement and may enter a period of clinical remission or even complete remission. Following positive response, add-on therapy may safely be approached for taper or withdrawal.

Summary
There is limited consensus but growing evidence for stepping-down therapies in patients who achieve clinical response and/or remission after biologic initiation. Further structured guidance would benefit clinicians who face clinical uncertainty when deciding to step-down therapy in patients with well controlled asthma.
Efficacy and Safety of calcineurin inhibitors in cutaneous lupus: a systematic review and brief meta-analysis of recommended concentration, type, and outcomes
Authors: Alajaji Abdullah , Alshathri Almaha H. , Alshathri Aljohara H. , Alharbi Lamees Fahad , Allehyani Roaa Abdulrahman , Abdellatif Rim Adel , Alawaji Mayadah Assaf 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Establishing effective treatment for cutaneous lupus erythematosus is of major importance given lack of approved medications for this autoimmune condition. Topical Calcineurin inhibitors have been used to treat all types of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), yet there is currently no robust study that evaluated the efficacy of calcineurin inhibitors in this patient population. Our aim is to study the efficacy of topical calcineurin inhibitors for treating patients with CLE and assess the side effects associated with the use of this class of medications.

Materials and methods:
A systematic review was conducted following the AMSTAR guidelines. A systematic search for articles published between 2003 and 2024 in PubMed, MEDLINE, the Cochrane library (Cochrane Databases of Systematic Reviews), and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for relevant studies that assessed the efficacy of calcineurin inhibitors in patients with CLE.

Results:
25 studies met the criteria, and we reviewed and collectively included. Based on the Quality assessment, some concerns are raised in the quality assessment of RCTs studies. However, Observational studies have high methodological quality.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, our systematic review analyzed 25 studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical calcineurin inhibitors in treating cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Our systematic review findings support the effectiveness of these inhibitors, namely pimecrolimus cream and tacrolimus ointment in improving clinical manifestations and disease activity in various forms of CLE, such as discoid lupus and subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus. However, the result from RCTs metanalysis showed no significant difference between calcineurin inhibitors and other treatments. While calcineurin inhibitors are generally safe, the most common side effect was skin burning sensation at application site in the first few days of treatment. Further research is needed to prove the effectiveness of these drugs, explore the comparative effectiveness between different calcineurin inhibitors and comparing their types and their concentration.