bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclodextrin‐micellar electrokinetic chromatography of apolipoproteins on human very low‐density lipoprotein
Authors: Shieh Ying‐Tzu , Chang Chiz‐Tzung , Toh Jia‐Jia , Hsu Yun‐Hsun , Chang I‐Ting , Hsia Min‐Hui , Liu Mine‐Yine 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe apolipoproteins (APOs) of human very low‐density lipoprotein (VLDL) were investigated by an optimized cyclodextrin‐micellar electrokinetic chromatography (CD‐MEKC) method. The separation buffer consisted of 20 mM sodium phosphate, 40 mM bile salts (50% sodium cholate and 50% sodium deoxycholate), 25 mM carboxymethyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (CM‐β‐CD) (pH 7.0). For CD‐MEKC separation, a sample injection time of 12 s, a separation voltage of 15 KV, and a capillary temperature of 15°C were chosen. The optimal CD‐MEKC method showed good resolution and repeatability for VLDL APOs. Identification and quantitation of VLDL APOs CI, CIII, and E were based on comparison with human APO standards. Good linear relationships with correlation coefficient (R2) 0.99 were obtained for APOs CI, CIII, and E standards. For these three APOs, the linear ranges were within 0.01‐0.54 mg/mL, and the concentration limits of detection (LODs) were lower than 0.02 mg/mL. Moreover, VLDL APOs from four uremic patients and four healthy subjects were compared. The uremic and healthy CD‐MEKC profiles showed dramatic difference. The levels of APO CIII were significantly higher for two patients, and the level of APO E was significantly higher for one patient. This study might be helpful for following the disease development of uremia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the future.
Microarray expression profiling of long noncoding RNAs in the progesterone‐treated lung cancer cells
Authors: Xie Mingxuan , Lu Xiaoxiao , Chen Qiong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe increasing incidence and unique biological features of lung cancer in women has prompted renewed interest in the role of sex hormones in this disease. We previously showed that progesterone (P4) inhibited lung cancer tumorigenesis and progression. Here, we investigated the effects of P4 on expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and target mRNAs in lung cancer cells.MethodsWe performed high‐throughput microarray and bioinformatics analysis to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in the untreated and the P4‐treated A549 human lung cancer cells.ResultsIn total, 692 lncRNAs and 268 mRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in the P4‐treated A549 cells compared to the untreated A549 cells (> 2‐fold change,p< 0.05). Of the lncRNAs, 82 and 610 were up‐regulated and down‐regulated, respectively. Gene ontology, pathway and network analyses showed that many of the mRNAs were involved in the regulation of classical pathways, including Notch signaling. Differential expression of a lncRNA signature composed of NONHSAT000264, FR075921, FR324124, linc‐TRIM58, RP1‐93H18.7, RP11‐120 K9.2, RP11‐134F2.2 and NONHSAG024980 was validated by quantitatuve reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction analysis.ConclusionsThis is the first report of differentially expressed lncRNAs in the P4‐treated lung cancer cells. The results suggest that lncRNAs could serve as potential therapeutic targets for P4‐sensitive lung cancer.
Tryptophan metabolism in phenylketonuria: A French adult cohort study
Authors: Boulet Lysiane , Besson Gérard , Van Noolen Laetitia , Faure Patrice ,   ECOPHEN Study Group, Maillot François , Corne Christelle 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMany similarities between tryptophan (Trp) and phenylalanine (Phe) metabolisms exist. It is possible that a modification of Trp metabolism might be seen in phenylketonuria (PKU). As some of these metabolites have neuroactive properties, they should be consider in neurological impairment seen in this pathology and not totally explained by blood Phe concentrations. One hundred and fifty‐one adult PKU patients (mean age 26.8 years) were included for this study. Plasma Trp, kynurenine (KYN), 3‐hydroxykynurenic acid (3HK), and kynurenic acid (KA) were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. KYN and 3HK were significantly lower in PKU patients compared to general population (P < .0001), and KA was significantly enhanced is this population (P = .009). Furthermore, 3HK concentration was significantly different between PKU patients underwent controlled low‐Phe diet compared to PKU patients without this diet (P = .0016). In PKU patients with diet, taking AA substitute enable higher plasma 3HK concentration than without (P = .0008) but still not reaching general population level (P < .0001). Although further study has to be done, it is clear that Trp metabolism is modified in adult PKU patients. An exploration of complete Trp metabolism, and not only Trp concentration, is needed in PKU population, but also in other inborn error of metabolism treated with hypoprotidic diet.
Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of ventricular arrhythmias arising from pulmonary cusps
Authors: Rangaswamy Vickram V. , Yalagudri Sachin , Saggu Daljeet K. , Subramanian Muthiah , Sridevi Chennapragadha , Narasimhan Calambur 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionVentricular arrhythmias (VAs) have been successfully ablated from the pulmonary sinus cusps establishing pulmonary artery (PA) as a distinct site of arrhythmic foci. The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical presentation, electrocardiographic, and ablation characteristics of PA‐VAs.MethodsThirty consecutive patients with right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT)‐type VAs were included in this retrospective study. Three‐dimensional electroanatomic mapping was performed in all patients. Mapping was performed initially in RVOT, and later within the PA. Mapping was performed in the PA if there was no early activation, unsatisfactory pace‐map, or ablation in RVOT were unsuccessful. All PA‐VAs were mapped and ablated by looping the catheter in a reverse U fashion.ResultsAmong 30 patients, 8 (26.6%) patients VAs were successfully ablated within PA. Electrocardiography (ECG) revealed that the QRS duration was significantly wider in the PA‐VAs group compared to the RVOT‐VAs group (155 ± 14.14 vs 142.40 ± 8.12 ms, P < .01). Mapping by reversed U method of PA‐VAs revealed earlier activation (55 ± 9.66 vs 12.00 ± 8.61 ms, P < .01) in PA compared to RVOT. An isolated discrete prepotential was present at the successful site in 50% (n = 4).ConclusionPulmonary artery‐VAs are an important subset of VA originating from the outflow tract. They have a wider baseline QRS duration compared to RVOT‐VAs. Presence of a prepotential aids in the identification of a successful ablation site. Mapping utilizing the reversed U method can help in localization and successful ablation of PA‐VAs.
Effective on‐line high‐speed shear dispersing emulsifier technique coupled with high‐performance countercurrent chromatography method for simultaneous extraction and isolation of carotenoids from Lycium barbarum L. fruits
Authors: Gong Yuan , Huang Xin‐Yi , Liu Jian‐Fei , Pei Dong , Duan Wen‐Da , Zhang Xia , Sun Xiao , Di Duo‐Long 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn efficient combination strategy based on high‐speed shear dispersing emulsifier technique and high‐performance countercurrent chromatography was developed for on‐line extraction and isolation of carotenoids from the fruits of Lycium barbarum. In this work, the high‐speed shear dispersing emulsifier technique has been employed to extract crude extracts using the upper phase of high‐performance countercurrent chromatography solvent system composed of n‐hexane−dichloromethane−acetonitrile (10:4:6.5, v/v) as the extraction solvent. At the separation stage, the high‐performance counter‐current chromatography process adopts elution–extrusion mode and the upper phase of the solvent system as stationary phase (reverse‐phase mode). As a result, three compounds including zeaxanthin, zeaxanthin monopalmitate, and zeaxanthin dipalmitate with purities of 89, 90, and 93% were successfully obtained in one extraction‐separation operation within 120 min. The targeted compounds were analyzed and identified by high‐performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy. The results indicated that the present on‐line combination method could serve as a simple, rapid, and effective way to achieve weak polar and unstable compounds from natural products.
A social‐cognitive framework of small accommodation enterprise sustainability practices
Authors: Agyeiwaah Elizabeth 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSmall accommodation enterprises have a great potential to assist the tourism industry in the progress toward sustainable development goals. This study explores the inherent complexity of sustainability practices with the recognition that sustainable behavior is the outcome of a reciprocal determinism between personal, environmental, and behavioral factors. Unlike previous studies, the role of knowledge of sustainability as a major determinant of self‐efficacy is investigated to understand whether differences in knowledge have any influence on sustainability practices. A qualitative approach was employed, and 26 owner‐managers of small accommodation enterprises (i.e., home‐stay) were sampled purposively. Three different knowledge groups are identified but their sustainability practices are not significantly different from each other. Significantly, an active group that understands sustainability as a tool for socialization emerges. These findings have a policy and theoretical implications for sustainable development.
Balance function after cochlear implant and inner ear anomaly: Comparison of dynamic posturography
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Farideh , Asghari Alimohamad , Moradi‐Lakeh Maziar , Farhadi Mohammad , Daneshi Ahmad , Mohseni Mohammad , Mohammadi S.Saeed 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionPatients with sensorineural hearing loss suffer concomitant vestibular dysfunction that is more prevalent in patients with inner ear anomaly and could be aggravated with cochlear implantation. To assess the vestibular dysfunction in patients with cochlear implantation, we compared their results with those of patients with and without inner ear anomaly.Materials and methodsThis is a historical cohort study lasting for 20 years on 50 patients with cochlear implantation. All patients underwent dynamic posturography and Bruininks‐Oseretsky Test.ResultsTwenty‐two (44%) of the participants showed some types of inner ear anomaly. The frequency of abnormal Bruininks‐Oseretsky Test was 45.5% and 10.7% (P = .005, odds ratio [OR] = 6.9). Abnormal composite was seen in 77.3% and 21.4%, respectively (P < .001; OR = 12.5). The mean strategy score in the fifth condition of the sensory organization test was 25.0 ± 20.4 in patients with inner ear anomaly, whereas it was 44.1 ± 18.9 in those without it (P = .001).ConclusionBalance capability in cochlear implantation patients with inner ear anomaly compared to those without inner ear anomaly was worse. More vestibular rehabilitation treatment plans are suggested for these patients.
High‐Efficiency Synthesizer for Spatial Waves Based on Space‐Time‐Coding Digital Metasurface
Authors: Dai Jun Yan , Yang Liu Xi , Ke Jun Chen , Chen Ming Zheng , Tang Wankai , Li Xiang , Chen Mao , Wu Zhan Hao , Cheng Qiang , Jin Shi , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSpace‐time modulated metasurfaces enable efficient manipulations of nonlinear harmonics with more degrees of freedom than conventional materials by simply controlling the element geometries and modulation signals. The theoretical analyses reveal that a group of harmonics in reflected waves could be generated by the metasurface under the incidence of monochromatic wave with the rapid change of surface reflectivity, while the fundamental spectrum is greatly suppressed. However, it remains a great challenge to synthesize a high‐quality single‐tone signal for the reflected waves with excellent rejection ratio for higher‐order harmonics, which is highly desired for applications like wireless communications and radar detection. Here, a new scheme to overcome this limit, which experimentally realizes high‐efficiency frequency conversion from the fundamental harmonic to the order harmonic of reflected waves, and beam shaping based on the space‐time joint coding strategy are proposed. The measured results show that the maximum conversion efficiency is greater than 88%. This design can also find widespread applications in THz frequencies when the active metasurface for periodical phase modulations is further developed.
A Chip‐Scale Optical Frequency Reference for the Telecommunication Band Based on Acetylene
Authors: Zektzer Roy , Hummon Matthew T. , Stern Liron , Sebbag Yoel , Barash Yefim , Mazurski Noa , Kitching John , Levy Uriel 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLasers precisely stabilized to known transitions between energy levels in simple, well‐isolated quantum systems such as atoms and molecules are essential for a plethora of applications in metrology and optical communications. The implementation of such spectroscopic systems in a chip‐scale format would allow to reduce cost dramatically and would open up new opportunities in both photonically integrated platforms and free‐space applications such as lidar. Here the design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of a molecular cladded waveguide platform based on the integration of serpentine nanoscale photonic waveguides with a miniaturized acetylene chamber is presented. The goal of this platform is to enable cost‐effective, miniaturized, and low power optical frequency references in the telecommunications C band. Finally, this platform is used to stabilize a 1.5 µm laser with a precision better than 400 kHz at 34 s. The molecular cladded waveguide platform introduced here could be integrated with components such as on‐chip modulators, detectors, and other devices to form a complete on‐chip laser stabilization system.
On the classification and modular extendability of E0‐semigroups on factors
Authors: Bikram Panchugopal , Markiewicz Daniel 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper we study modular extendability and equimodularity of endomorphisms and E0‐semigroups on factors, when these definitions are recast to the context of faithful normal semifinite weights and this dependency is analyzed. We show that modular extendability is a property that does not depend on the choice of weights, it is a cocycle conjugacy invariant and it is preserved under tensoring. Furthermore, we prove a necessary and sufficient condition for equimodularity of endomorphisms in the context of weights. This extends previously known results regarding the necessity of this condition in the case of states. The classification of E0‐semigroups on factors is considered: a modularly extendable E0‐semigroup is said to be of type EI, EII or EIII if its modular extension is of type I, II or III, respectively. We prove that all types exist on properly infinite factors. We show that q‐CCR flows are not extendable, and we extend previous results by the first author regarding the non‐extendability of CAR flow to a larger class of quasi‐free states. We also compute the coupling index and the relative commutant index for the CAR flows and q‐CCR flows. As an application, by considering repeated tensors of the CAR flows we show that there are infinitely many non cocycle conjugate non‐extendable E0‐semigroups on the hyperfinite factors of types II1 and IIIλ, for .
Long‐term stability of microbiome diversity and composition in fecal samples stored in eNAT medium
Authors: Young Rebecca R. , Jenkins Kirsten , Araujo‐Perez Felix , Seed Patrick C. , Kelly Matthew S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFecal samples collected for microbiome analyses are typically frozen to avoid postcollection changes in microbial composition. eNAT is a guanidine thiocyanate‐based medium that stabilizes microbial DNA and allows safe specimen handling and shipping by inactivating microorganisms. We collected fecal samples (n = 50) from children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We divided samples into three aliquots: (a) stored in RNAlater and immediately transferred to −80°C; (b) stored in eNAT medium and immediately transferred to −80°C; and (c) stored in eNAT medium at ambient temperature (~20°C) for 30 days prior to transfer to −80°C. Mean (standard deviation) Shannon diversity and Chao1 indices in sample aliquots were 2.05 (0.62) and 23.8 (16.6), respectively. Comparing samples frozen immediately in RNAlater to samples frozen immediately in eNAT, there were no differences in Shannon diversity (p = .51), Chao1 richness (p = .66), and overall microbiome composition (p = .99). Comparing eNAT samples frozen immediately to samples stored at ambient temperature, we identified no differences in Shannon diversity (p = .65), Chao1 richness (p = .87), and overall microbiome composition (p = .99). Storage of fecal samples in eNAT at ambient temperature for 30 days did not alter microbiome richness, diversity, or composition. eNAT may be a useful medium for fecal microbiome studies, particularly when cold chain storage is unavailable.
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Is It Suitable for Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson's Disease?
Authors: Rosenblum Sara , Meyer Sonya , Gemerman Netta , Mentzer Lilya , Richardson Ariella , Israeli‐Korn Simon , Livneh Vered , Karmon Tsvia Fay , Nevo Tal , Yahalom Gilad , Hassin‐Baer Sharon 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundAdministering an abbreviated global cognitive test, such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), is necessary for the recommended first‐level diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Parkinson's disease (PD). Level II requires administering cognitive functioning neuropsychological tests. The MoCA's suitability for identifying PD‐MCI is questionable and, despite the importance of cognitive deficits reflected through daily functioning in identifying PD‐MCI, knowledge about it is scarce.ObjectivesTo explore neuropsychological test scores of patients with PD who were categorized based on their MoCA scores and to analyze correlations between this categorization and patients’ self‐reports about daily functional‐related cognitive abilities.MethodsA total of 78 patients aged 42 to 78 years participated: 46 with low MoCA scores (22–25) and 32 with high MoCA scores (26–30). Medical assessments and level II neuropsychological assessment tools were administered along with standardized self‐report questionnaires about daily functioning that reflects patients’ cognitive abilities.ResultsA high percentage of the low MoCA group obtained neuropsychological test scores within the normal range; a notable number in the high MoCA group were identified with MCI‐level scores on various neuropsychological tests. Suspected PD‐MCI according to the level I criteria did not correspond well with the level II criteria. Positive correlations were found among the 3 self‐report questionnaires.ConclusionsThese results support the ongoing discussion of the complexity of capturing PD‐MCI. Considering the neuropsychological tests results, assessments that reflect cognitive encounters in real life daily confrontations are warranted among people diagnosed with PD who are at risk for cognitive decline.
Signal interference‐based selectivity‐enhancement technique for omnidirectional monopole antenna
Authors: Li Daotong , Chen Zhen , Liu Ying , Wang Ju‐An , Wu Haowei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA compact monopole antenna with enhanced selectivity is designed based on circular disk monopole antenna and signal interference technique (SIT). It is composed of a circular disk monopole and a SIT‐based filtering structure consisting of two pairs of short‐circuited edge coupled stubs loaded on the feeding line. When the filtering structure is just loaded the feeding line, a filtering monopole antenna is obtained. A prototype is constructed, assembled, and tested. The measured results agree well with simulated one.
Roman Tunisian dietary patterns as a feature ofRomanitas: An archaeozoological approach
Authors: Azaza Mohamed , Colominas Lídia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIt has been said that the Roman Empire was one of the greatest empires of antiquity. At its height, it spanned the entire Mediterranean basin, from the Iberian Peninsula to the Near East, each territory contributing with its customs and specificities. In this melting pot, dietary preferences were modified, diversified and, sometimes, replaced. With this paper, we aim to study Roman dietary patterns in Tunisia, an area that has been the object of little academic scrutiny and for which only a few studies are available. We investigate this topic with an archaeozoological approach. The relative frequency of taxa, body part representation and kill‐off patterns of faunal remains from 16 pre‐Roman and Roman Tunisian sites shows that, in Tunisia, dietary patterns were modified as a result of the Roman conquest.
Sensitive Energetics from the N‐Amination of 4‐Nitro‐1,2,3‐Triazole
Authors: Wozniak Dominique R. , Salfer Benjamin , Zeller Matthias , Byrd Edward F. C. , Piercey Davin G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEnergetic N‐amino‐C‐nitro compounds 1‐amino‐4‐nitro‐1,2,3‐triazole and 2‐amino‐4‐nitro‐1,2,3‐triazole are characterized for the first time as energetic materials. These compounds were characterized chemically by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Infrared spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. Compounds were also characterized energetically by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), impact, and friction and found to possess sensitivities and performances classifying them as primary explosives with PETN‐like performance.
Oligodendrocyte pathology exceeds axonal pathology in white matter in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Lorente Pons Alejandro , Higginbottom Adrian , Cooper‐Knock Johnathan , Alrafiah Aziza , Alofi Ebtisam , Kirby Janine , Shaw Pamela J , Wood Jonathan D , Highley J Robin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease. The majority of cases are sporadic (sALS), while the most common inherited form is due to C9orf72 mutation (C9ALS). A high burden of inclusion pathology is seen in glia (including oligodendrocytes) in ALS, especially in C9ALS. Myelin basic protein (MBP) messenger RNA (mRNA) must be transported to oligodendrocyte processes for myelination, a possible vulnerability for normal function. TDP43 is found in pathological inclusions in ALS and is a component of mRNA transport granules. Thus, TDP43 aggregation could lead to MBP loss. Additionally, the hexanucleotide expansion of mutant C9ALS binds hnRNPA2/B1, a protein essential for mRNA transport, causing potential further impairment of hnRNPA2/B1 function, and thus myelination. Using immunohistochemistry for p62 and TDP43 in human post‐mortem tissue, we found a high burden of glial inclusions in the prefrontal cortex, precentral gyrus, and spinal cord in ALS, which was greater in C9ALS than in sALS cases. Double staining demonstrated that the majority of these inclusions were in oligodendrocytes. Using immunoblotting, we demonstrated reduced MBP protein levels relative to PLP (a myelin component that relies on protein not mRNA transport) and neurofilament protein (an axonal marker) in the spinal cord. This MBP loss was disproportionate to the level of PLP and axonal loss, suggesting that impaired mRNA transport may be partly responsible. Finally, we show that in C9ALS cases, the level of oligodendroglial inclusions correlates inversely with levels of hnRNPA2/B1 and the number of oligodendrocyte precursor cells. We conclude that there is considerable oligodendrocyte pathology in ALS, which at least partially reflects impairment of mRNA transport. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.