bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active stylus‐touch discrimination scheme based on anomaly detection algorithm
Authors: Seol Ki‐Hyuk , Park Seungjun , Lee Junhee , Nam Hyoungsik 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes an anomaly detection (AD) algorithm that can discriminate stylus‐touch based on capacitive touch screen panel. The digital value acquired from an analog‐to‐digital converter (ADC) are transferred to an autoencoder including an encoder and a decoder. While the encoder classifies only two classes of a no‐touch and a finger‐touch, the decoder reconstructs the similar sequence to the input one according to the encoder's decision. Because the touch sequences caused by the stylus are not trained, the large difference between input and output sequences is used to discriminate the stylus‐touch from finger‐touch and no‐touch. The proposed method is evaluated by means of an 8‐inch capacitive touch panel, an AD touch detection board, and a stylus board. At the sequence length of 16 touch samples, the measured bit error rate (BER) of less than 10−6 for each touch case is equivalent to the previous support vector machine (SVM) scheme whereas the number of multipliers is dramatically reduced to 16, compared with 400 of the previous SVM method.
Saliva Pepsin Concentration of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Patients Is Influenced by Meals Consumed Before the Samples
Authors: Lechien Jerome R. , Bobin Francois , Muls Vinciane , Horoi Mihaela , Thill Marie‐Paule , Dequanter Didier , Finck Camille , Rodriguez Alexandra , Saussez Sven 
Published: June 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess the impact of diet on the saliva pepsin concentration of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).Study DesignNon‐controlled Prospective Study.MethodsPatients with positive LPR regarding hypopharyngeal–esophageal impedance‐pH monitoring (HEMII‐pH) were enrolled from three European Hospitals. Patients collected three saliva samples, respectively, in the morning (fasting), and 1 to 2 hour after lunch and dinner. Patients carefully detailed foods and beverages consumed during meals and before the pepsin samples. The 3‐month treatment was based on the association of diet, proton pump inhibitors, alginate, or magaldrate regarding the HEMII‐pH characteristics. Reflux Symptom Score (RSS) and Reflux Sign Assessment (RSA) were used for assessing the pre‐ to posttreatment clinical evolution. The Refluxogenic Diet Score and the Refluxogenic Score of a Dish (RESDI) were used to assess the refluxogenic potential of foods and beverages. The relationship between saliva pepsin concentration, HEMII‐pH, RESDI, RSS, and RSA was investigated through multiple linear regression.ResultsForty‐two patients were included. The saliva pepsin concentration of the 24‐hour period of testing was significantly associated with foods and beverages consumed during the testing period and the evening dinner (rs = 0.973, P < .001). RSS and RSA significantly improved throughout treatment. The level of saliva pepsin in the morning was a negative predictive factor of the therapeutic response regarding RSA and RSS (P < .036).ConclusionsFoods and beverages may significantly impact the saliva pepsin concentration of patients with LPR. Patients with high‐level saliva pepsin in the morning had lower therapeutic response compared with those with low‐level saliva pepsin.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:350–359, 2021
Ap‐adic analogue of Siegel's theorem on sums of squares
Authors: Anscombe Sylvy , Dittmann Philip , Fehm Arno 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSiegel proved that every totally positive element of a number fieldKis the sum of four squares, so in particular the Pythagoras number is uniformly bounded across number fields. Thep‐adic Kochen operator provides ap‐adic analogue of squaring, and a certain localisation of the ring generated by this operator consists of precisely the totallyp‐integral elements ofK. We use this to formulate and prove ap‐adic analogue of Siegel's theorem, by introducing thep‐Pythagoras number of a general field, and showing that this number is uniformly bounded across number fields. We also generally study fields with finitep‐Pythagoras number and show that the growth of thep‐Pythagoras number in finite extensions is bounded.
Symmetry degradation of differential circuits induced by uneven gold plating of high‐speed connectors in extreme environment
Authors: Wang Ziren , Gao Jinchun , Tian Puxuan , Xie Gang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHigh‐speed connectors are widely used in digital differential circuits. Because of the uneven gold plating, the thin gold plating area on the contact surface of the connector will form corrosion films in extreme environment, which may not only deteriorate the reflection and transmission performance of electromagnetic wave in differential circuits but also affects its symmetry, which results in poor communication quality. In this work, considering the influence of differential circuit symmetry on the signal transmission, reflection and crosstalk, the d parameter was defined for measuring the circuit symmetry. The impact of high‐speed connector degradation on symmetry of differential circuits was studied by both experimental investigation and electromagnetic numerical calculation model analysis. These results are helpful in developing a better understanding of impact of connector degradation on symmetry of high‐speed differential circuits and in identifying failure features in fault diagnosis.
Nonprofit governance and outside corruption: The role of accountability, stakeholder participation, and management systems
Authors: López‐Arceiz Francisco J. , Bellostas Ana J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOutside corruption implies that a nonprofit organization is used to commit an infraction or crime. In Spain, this type of corruption has been detected in the context of public nonprofits as a result of the legal reform that enabled the judgment of the criminal responsibility of legal entities. A large percentage of these entities were affected by the reform, but little is known about the possible practices that can altogether prevent this behavior. In particular, there are few studies that consider nonprofit governance as a possible measure to avoid corruption in this context. For this reason, our aim is to analyze the role of certain nonprofit governance practices in fighting corruption. Using structural equation modeling, our results reveal that nonprofit governance is a key tool for mitigating corruption, although the weights of the different practices are not the same.
Daily Branched‐Chain Amino Acid Intake and Risks of Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Children: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Lu Jun , Gu Yuying , Liu Huikun , Wang Leishen , Li Wei , Li Weiqin , Leng Junhong , Zhang Shuang , Qi Lu , Yang Xilin , Hu Gang 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association of daily branched‐chain amino acid (BCAA) intake with the risks of obesity and insulin resistance in children of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsDaily BCAA intake was calculated by using a validated food frequency questionnaire in 996 children of mothers with GDM. The odds ratios (ORs) (95% CI) of childhood obesity and insulin resistance were obtained using logistic regression models.ResultsThe multivariable‐adjusted ORs for overweight and insulin resistance increased across quartiles of daily BCAA intake (P < 0.05 for trend). Multivariable‐adjusted ORs for each 1‐SD increase in BCAA intake were 1.37 (1.16‐1.62) for overweight and 1.19 (1.02‐1.38) for insulin resistance. After additional adjustment of children’s daily total energy intake, the OR was still significant for overweight risk but no longer significant for insulin resistance. There were positive associations of daily leucine, isoleucine, and valine intake with the risks for overweight and insulin resistance.ConclusionsDaily BCAA intake was associated with increased risks for overweight and insulin resistance in children of mothers with GDM, but this association was not fully independent of children’s daily energy intake. Restriction in dietary BCAA may help prevent childhood obesity and insulin resistance.
Variations in Proteins Dielectric Constants
Authors: Amin Muhamed , Küpper Jochen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUsing a new semi‐empirical method for calculating molecular polarizabilities and the Clausius−Mossotti relation, we calculated the static dielectric constants of dry proteins for all structures in the protein data bank (PDB). The mean dielectric constant of more than 150,000 proteins is
with a standard deviation of 0.04, which agrees well with previous measurement for dry proteins. The small standard deviation results from the strong correlation between the molecular polarizability and the volume of the proteins. We note that non‐amino acid cofactors such as Chlorophyll may alter the dielectric environment significantly. Furthermore, our model shows anisotropies of the dielectric constant within the same molecule according to the constituents amino acids and cofactors. Finally, by changing the amino acid protonation states, we show that a change of pH does not have a significant effect on the dielectric constants of proteins.
Morality in advertising: An fMRI study on persuasion in communication
Authors: Simmank Fabian , Avram Mihai , Fehse Kai , Sander Tilmann , Zaytseva Yuliya , Paolini Marco , Bao Yan , Silveira Sarita 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAdvertising slogans serve the function of persuasive communication by presenting catchy phrases. To decide whether a slogan is convincing or not, cognitive reasoning is assumed to be complemented by a more implicit and intuitive route of information processing, presumably similar to evaluating normative judgments in moral statements. We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while Western male subjects judged advertising slogans and moral statements as another decision task with subjective nature. Compared to a neutral control condition that targeted declarative memory and to an aesthetic‐related condition, the evaluation processes in both domains engaged the anterior medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which is associated with decision‐making incorporating personal value. Conjoint activations were also observed in the left temporoparietal junction (TPJ) when compared to the aesthetics condition. Results are discussed with reference to domain‐independence, a suspected difference to aesthetic‐like appreciations, and functional organization in the mPFC and the TPJ.
Discovery of TBC1D7 as a Potential Driver for Melanoma Cell Invasion
Authors: Qi Tianyu F. , Guo Lei , Huang Ming , Li Lin , Miao Weili , Wang Yinsheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMetastasis is the leading cause for mortality in melanoma patients. Here, an unbiased mass spectrometry‐based quantitative proteomic method is utilized to assess differential protein expression in a matched pair of primary/metastatic melanoma cell lines (i.e., WM‐115/WM‐266‐4) derived from the same patient. It is found that TBC1D7 is overexpressed in metastatic over primary melanoma cells, and elevated expression of TBC1D7 promotes the invasion of these melanoma cells in vitro, partly through modulating the activities of secreted matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. Additionally, interrogation of publicly available data show that higher mRNA expression of TBC1D7 predicts poorer survival in melanoma patients. Together, the results suggest TBC1D7 as a driver for melanoma cell invasion, which is an important element in melanoma metastasis. The proteomic data generated from this study may also be useful for exploring the roles of other proteins in melanoma metastasis.
Coupling experiment and simulation analysis to investigate physical parameters of CO2 methanation in a plasma‐catalytic hybrid process
Authors: Wang Bo , Mikhail Maria , Galvez Maria Elena , Cavadias Simeon , Tatoulian Michael , Da Costa Patrick , Ognier Stéphanie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study focuses on the use of a heterogeneous catalyst Ni/Ce0.58Zr0.42O2 to study the Sabatier reaction in conventional catalytic thermal heating and the dielectric barrier discharge plasma‐catalytic process. Its aim is to study the threshold temperature of the Sabatier reaction in plasma conditions. A set of experiments with different inlet flow rates is carried out in a plasma reactor to investigate the steady‐state temperature of the reaction. To estimate the threshold temperature of the Sabatier reaction more accurately, the temperature difference between the catalytic bed and the external surface of the reactor is calculated and simulated in COMSOL Multiphysics® software. Finally, the threshold temperature of the Sabatier reaction during plasma processing is assumed to be 116°C, based on the experimental data and simulation analysis.
GDF11 enhances therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells for myocardial infarction via YME1L-mediated OPA1 processing
Authors: Zhao Yun , Zhu Jinyun , Zhang Ning , Liu Qi , Wang Yingchao , Hu Xinyang , Chen Jinghai , Zhu Wei , Yu Hong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGrowth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) has been shown to promote stem cell activity, but little is known about the effect of GDF11 on viability and therapeutic efficacy of cardiac mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for cardiac injury. To understand the roles of GDF11 in MSCs, mouse heart-derived MSCs were transduced with lentiviral vector carrying genes for both GDF11 and green fluorescent protein (GFP) (MSCsLV-GDF11) or cultured with recombinant GDF11 (MSCsrGDF11). Either MSCsrGDF11 or MSCs LV-GDF11 displayed less cell apoptosis and better paracrine function, as well as preserved mitochondrial morphology and function under hypoxic condition as compared with control MSCs. GDF11 enhanced phosphorylation of Smad2/3, which upregulated expression of YME1L, a mitochondria protease that balances OPA1 processing. Inhibitors of TGF-β receptor (SB431542) or Smad2/3 (SIS3) attenuated the effects of GDF11 on cell viability, mitochondrial function, and expression of YME1L. Transplantation of MSCsGDF11 into infarct heart resulted in improved cell survival and retention, leading to more angiogenesis, smaller scar size, and better cardiac function in comparison with control MSCs. GDF11 enhanced viability and therapeutic efficiency of MSCs by promoting mitochondrial fusion through TGF-β receptor/Smad2/3/YME1L-OPA1 signaling pathway. This novel role of GDF11 may be used for a new approach of stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction.
Hyperboloid‐Drum Microdisk Laser Biosensors for Ultrasensitive Detection of Human IgG
Authors: Guo Zhihe , Qin Yingchun , Chen Peizong , Hu Jinliang , Zhou Yi , Zhao Xuyang , Liu Zhiran , Fei Yiyan , Jiang Xiaoshun , Wu Xiang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators have been used as optical sensors in fundamental research and practical applications. The majority of WGM sensors are passive resonators that require complex systems, thereby limiting their practicality. Active resonators enable the remote excitation and collection of WGM‐modulated fluorescence spectra, without requiring complex systems, and can be used as alternatives to passive microresonators. This paper demonstrates an active microresonator, which is a microdisk laser in a hyperboloid‐drum (HD) shape. The HD microdisk lasers are a combination of a rhodamine B‐doped photoresist and a silica microdisk. These HD microdisk lasers can be utilized for the detection of label‐free biomolecules. The biomolecule concentration can be as low as 1 ag mL−1, whereas the theoretical detection limit of the biosensor for human IgG in phosphate buffer saline is 9 ag mL−1 (0.06 aM). Additionally, the biosensors are able to detect biomolecules in an artificial serum, with a theoretical detection limit of 9 ag mL−1 (0.06 aM). These results are approximately four orders of magnitude more sensitive than those for the typical active WGM biosensors. The proposed HD microdisk laser biosensors show enormous detection potential for biomarkers in protein secretions or body fluids.
Coordinative similitude method considering overturning effect for scale model testing of structures with rubber bearings
Authors: Ren Xiangxiang , Lu Wensheng , Zhu Yuhua , Günay Selim 
Published: June 2020

SummaryGenerally, when a prototype is scaled down to a scale model, all parameters of the scale model should be designed to satisfy the similitude criteria. For a base‐isolated structure with rubber bearings, however, it is technically difficult to obtain small‐sized rubber bearings with the first shape factor satisfying the similitude criteria. This distortion affects the similitude ratio of the vertical stiffness of the bearings and, thus, influences the similitude ratio of the horizontal response of the structure because of the overturning effect. To solve this problem, a coordinative similitude method is proposed for scale model testing of structures with rubber bearings by adjusting configuration of the isolators to match the similitude ratio of the overturning stiffness of the isolation layer. A full‐scale and two 1/3 scaled bearings were designed and tested, and their similitude relations were evaluated. Test results of the model bearings were extrapolated to the OpenSEES model of a conventional model building and a coordinative building designed based on the conventional similitude method and the coordinative similitude method, respectively. A comparison between seismic responses of two model buildings against the prototype building indicates that the coordinative similitude method has significantly larger accuracy than the traditional similitude method.
Water Policy on SDG6.5 implementation: Progress in Integrated & Transboundary Water Resources Management Implementation
Authors: Ladel Julie , Mehta Mahendra , Gulemvuga Georges , Namayanga Lemmy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article discusses the implementation progress of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6 globally and the Integrated Monitoring Initiative for SDG 6 by the United Nations. It was noticed that more than 80% of countries have laid solid foundations to achieve at least medium‐low levels of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) implementation. The basin management instruments were not properly implemented in 56% of the surveyed countries; and that Transboundary data sharing was also quite low. Benefits of these programmes in terms of IWRM and Transboundary Water Resource Management progresses are discussed for the Congo Basin, India and Zambia as a case study.
Shared Reading for Valuing Diversity and Fostering Language Acquisition
Authors: Quiring Johanna , Vogt Franziska 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt is not unknown that children with a migration background often have fewer chances for a successful school career. Traditionally, a lack of skills in the common language is considered the cause of this inequality. Current discussions however offer multidimensional approaches and emphasise the fact that there are many more factors that account for this development. Nonetheless, good knowledge of the common language does support school success and thus remains an important factor. From an early childhood education perspective, the approach of incorporating language acquisition into it in everyday activities seems to be auspicious. Specific strategies to foster language skill acquisition in children that can be incorporated into everyday activities have been discerned. Among other methods, dialogic book reading is widely accepted as an evidence-based method to support children in enhancing their language skills. As important as the development of a conductive environment for the acquisition of language skills in institutions is the inclusion of the children’s parents into this discussion. One possibility is to encourage parents to invest in the children’s first language.
Trochleaplastik: Operationstechnik
Authors: Wurm Alexander , Riechelmann Felix , Dammerer Dietmar , Putzer David , Lair Julian , Liebensteiner Michael 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungEin 29-jähriger, sportlich aktiver Patient stellt sich mit einer mehrfach rezidivierenden Patellaluxation rechts vor. Die klinische und radiologische Untersuchung zeigt eine Patellainstabilität bei stabilen Kreuz- und Seitenbändern, eine Innenrotation des rechten Oberschenkels sowie eine Trochleadysplasie. Die Therapie erfolgt mittels Trochleaplastik in Kombination mit einer MPFL-Rekonstruktion.
Eye-tracking methodology in mathematics education research: A systematic literature review
Authors: Strohmaier Anselm R. , MacKay Kelsey J. , Obersteiner Andreas , Reiss Kristina M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEye tracking is an increasingly popular method in mathematics education. While the technology has greatly evolved in recent years, there is a debate about the specific benefits that eye tracking offers and about the kinds of insights it may allow. The aim of this review is to contribute to this discussion by providing a comprehensive overview of the use of eye tracking in mathematics education research. We reviewed 161 eye-tracking studies published between 1921 and 2018 to assess what domains and topics were addressed, how the method was used, and how eye movements were related to mathematical thinking and learning. The results show that most studies were in the domain of numbers and arithmetic, but that a large variety of other areas of mathematics education research was investigated as well. We identify a need to report more methodological details in eye-tracking studies and to be more critical about how to gather, analyze, and interpret eye-tracking data. In conclusion, eye tracking seemed particularly beneficial for studying processes rather than outcomes, for revealing mental representations, and for assessing subconscious aspects of mathematical thinking.
Ecological impact and cost-effectiveness of wildlife crossings in a highly fragmented landscape: a multi-method approach
Authors: Sijtsma Frans J. , van der Veen Eelke , van Hinsberg Arjen , Pouwels Rogier , Bekker Renée , van Dijk René E. , Grutters Mark , Klaassen Raymond , Krijn Margriet , Mouissie Maarten , Wymenga Eddy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Context
Road infrastructure construction is integral to economic development, but negatively affects biodiversity. To mitigate the negative impacts of infrastructure, various types of wildlife crossings are realized worldwide, but little is known about their effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness.

Objective
The paper contributes to the methodological and empirical discussion on the effectiveness of wildlife crossings for enhancing the quality of surrounding nature and its cost-effectiveness by analyzing a large-scale wildlife-crossings program in the Netherlands.

Method
A multi-criteria cost–benefit analysis is applied, comprised of monetary and non-monetary measures, and a mixed-method approach is used to determine ecological effects. Ecological effects are expressed in the standardized weighted hectare measurement of threat-weighted ecological quality area (1 T-EQA = 1 ha of 100% ecological quality, averagely threatened). Cost-effectiveness is calculated comparing the monetary costs of intervention with ecological benefits (Euro costs/T-EQA), for different types of wildlife crossings and for two other nature policies.

Results
The Dutch habitat defragmentation program has induced an increase in nature value of 1734 T-EQA at a cost of Euro 283 million. Ecological gains per hierarchically ordered groups of measures differ strongly: The most effective are ecoducts (wildlife crossing bridges) followed by shared-use viaducts and large fauna tunnels. Ecoducts generated the largest gain in nature value, but were also the most costly measures. In terms of cost-effectiveness, both large fauna tunnels and shared-use viaducts for traffic and animals outperformed ecoducts.

Conclusions
Ecoducts deliver ecologically, but their cost-effectiveness appears modest. Purchasing agricultural land for restoration of nature appears more cost-effective than building wildlife crossings. Yet, reducing environmental pressures or their effects on existing nature areas is likely to be most cost-effective.