bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward an Intuitive and Iterative 6D Virtual Guide Programming Framework for Assisted Human–Robot Comanipulation
Authors: Sánchez Restrepo Susana , Raiola Gennaro , Guerry Joris , D’Elia Evelyn , Lamy Xavier , Sidobre Daniel 
Published: February 2020

SUMMARYIn human–robot comanipulation, virtual guides are an important tool used to assist the human worker as they constrain the movement of the robot to improve the task accuracy and to avoid undesirable effects, such as collisions with the environment. Consequently, the physical effort and cognitive overload are reduced during accomplishment of comanipulative tasks. However, the construction of virtual guides often requires expert knowledge and modeling of the task, which restricts the usefulness of virtual guides to scenarios with fixed constraints. Moreover, few approaches have addressed the implementation of virtual guides enforcing orientation constraints and, when done, these approaches have treated translation and orientation separately, and consequently there is no synchronization of the translational and rotational motions. To overcome these challenges and enhance the programming flexibility of virtual guides, we present a new framework that allows the user to create 6D virtual guides throughXSplineswhich we define as a combination of Akima splines for the translation component and spherical cubic interpolation of quaternions for the orientation component. For complex tasks, the user is able to initially define a 3D virtual guide and then use this assistance in translational motion to concentrate only on defining the orientations along the path. It is also possible for the user to modify a particular point or portion of a guide while being assisted by it. We demonstrate in an industrial scenario that these innovations provide an intuitive solution to extend the use of virtual guides to 6 degrees of freedom and increase the human worker’s comfort during the programming phase of these guides in an assisted human–robot comanipulation context.
Building Bridges between Catholicism and Socialism: Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde and the Social Democratic Party of Germany
Authors: Ruff Mark Edward 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article examines the ideological and political transformations that allowed dialogue between Catholics and socialists to bear fruit in the Federal Republic of Germany in the immediate post-war era. It focuses on the role played by Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde, the prominent Catholic intellectual, constitutional theorist, historian and future Constitutional Court justice.
A Century of Turbulent Cascades and the Emergence of Multifractal Operators
Authors: Schertzer Daniel , Tchiguirinskaia Ioulia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA century of cascades and three decades of multifractals have built up a truly interdisciplinary framework that has enabled a new approach and understanding of nonlinear phenomena, in particular, in geophysics. Nevertheless, there seems to be a profound gap between the potentials of multifractals and their actual use. For instance, it seems ironic that multifractals have been mostly restricted to scalar‐valued fields, whereas cascades were first invoked for the wind velocity. We argue that this requires to proceed to new developments of the multifractal formalism and to the emergence of multifractal operators. This paper therefore aims to first simplify the introduction to the most recent developments based on the analysis and generation of multifractal fields with the help of the group property of the responses of a nonlinear system to a scale change. The generators of the multifractal operators are introduced with the help of symmetries as simple and basic as orthogonal rotations and mirror symmetries. This leads in a rather straightforward manner to the large class of Gauss–Clifford and Lévy–Clifford generators that combine a number of seductive properties, including universal statistical and robust algebraic properties. At the same time, we obtain new results on the entanglement of spherical and hyperbolic geometries, as well as on the existence of finite statistics of these cascades.
Rheology of Natural Sediments and Its Influence on the Settling of Dropstones in Hemipelagic Marine Sediment
Authors: Knappe E. , Manga M. , Le Friant A. ,   the IODP 340 scientists
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe investigate the rheology of naturally occurring hemipelagic marine sediment and compare measurements to another naturally occurring sediment from a terrestrial mud volcano and literature values. The hemipelagic marine sediment, collected by IODP 340, has a median grain size of 5.5 microns, is poorly sorted, and contains 31% clay, including smectite. The yield stresses and consistency are calculated by applying a range of shear stresses and shear rates using a cone‐and‐plate rheometer. A Herschel‐Bulkley model is fit to measured shear stresses and shear rates to calculate the yield stress and consistency. These measurements are performed at a range of particle concentrations and show that the hemipelagic sediment has a yield stress at particle concentrations as low as 10%. Increasing particle concentration increases the yield stress and consistency. We apply our results to show that natural pumice clasts need to have a radius greater than about 1 cm in order to settle through hemipelagic sediment on the sea floor. Most recovered pumice clasts from IODP 340 are thus preserved in the same horizon in which they were deposited.
Surface Drift and Dispersion in a Multiply Connected Fjord System
Authors: Blanken Hauke , Hannah Charles , Klymak Jody, M. , Juhász Tamás 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe deployment of 206 surface drifters over 3 years in a fjord system in northern British Columbia allows examination of drift and dispersion in complex coastal regions on time scales up to 10 days. The surface drift is found to be seasonally variable, with stronger dispersion and outflows in the spring and fall, and negligible outflow in the summer. Dispersion at time scales less than 10 hr is well described by fractional Brownian motion, where the drifter tracks exhibit fractal characteristics with a dimension of 1.34 over scales of 2 to 13 km. Drifters are found to reach less energetic nearshore regions within 12–15 hr, which slows along‐channel dispersion. The comparison of the drifter statistics (from 2014–2016) with observations of the spatial distribution of oil sheen following an oil spill in 2006 shows that the drifter results provide a reasonable proxy for oil drift in this area. A statistical model for the extent of along‐channel transport of spilled oil is proposed for use in planning emergency response activities in the area.
Climate‐Driven Changes in Dissolved Organic Carbon and Water Clarity in Arctic Lakes of West Greenland
Authors: Fowler Rachel A. , Osburn Christopher L. , Saros Jasmine E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTo assess climate‐mediated terrestrial‐aquatic linkages in Arctic lakes and potential impacts on light attenuation and carbon cycling, we evaluated lake responses to climate drivers in two areas of west Greenland with differing climate patterns. We selected four lakes in a warmer, drier area to compare with four lakes from a cooler, wetter area proximal to the Greenland Ice Sheet. In June from 2013–2018, we measured epilimnetic water temperature, 1% depth of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA254), DOC‐normalized absorbance at 380 nm (a*380), and chlorophylla. Interannual coherence of 1% PAR and DOC was particularly high for lakes within the warmer, drier area. This coherence suggests forcing of Arctic lake features by a large‐scale driver, likely climate. Redundancy analysis showed that monthly average precipitation, winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index (NAOW), spring average air temperature, and spring average precipitation influenced the lake variables (p= 0.003, adj.R2= 0.58). In particular, monthly average precipitation contributed to increases in soil‐derived DOC quality metrics and chlorophyllaand decreased 1% PAR. Interannual changes in lake responses to climate drivers were more apparent in the warmer, drier area than the cooler, wetter area. The interannual lake responses within and between areas, associated with climate trends, suggest that with ongoing rapid climate change in the Arctic, there could be widespread impacts on key lake responses important for light attenuation and carbon cycling.
Spatial Variability of Dissolved Organic Carbon, Solutes, and Suspended Sediment in Disturbed Low Arctic Coastal Watersheds
Authors: Coch C. , Ramage J. L. , Lamoureux S. F. , Meyer H. , Knoblauch C. , Lantuit H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractClimate change in the Arctic leads to permafrost degradation and to associated changes in freshwater geochemistry. There is a limited understanding of how disturbances such as active layer detachments or retrogressive thaw slumps impact water quality on a catchment scale. This study investigates how permafrost degradation affects concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved solids (TDS), suspended sediment, and stable water isotopes in adjacent Low Arctic watersheds. We incorporated data on disturbance between 1952 and 2015, as well as sporadic runoff and geochemistry data of streams nearby. Our results show that the total disturbed area decreased by 41% between 1952 and 2015, whereas the total number of disturbances increased by 66% in all six catchments. The spatial variability of hydrochemical parameters is linked to catchment properties and not necessarily reflected at the outflow. Degrading ice‐wedge polygons were found to increase DOC concentrations upstream in Ice Creek West, whereas hydrologically connected disturbances were linked to increases in TDS and suspended sediment. Although we found a great spatial variability of hydrochemical concentrations along the paired watershed, there was a linear relationship between catchment size and daily DOC, total dissolved nitrogen, and TDS fluxes for all six streams. Suspended sediment flux on the contrary did not show a clear relationship as one hydrologically connected retrogressive thaw slump impacted the overall flux in one of the streams. Understanding the spatial variability of water quality will help to model the lateral geochemical fluxes from Arctic catchments.
Monsoons, Upwelling, and the Deoxygenation of the Northwestern Indian Ocean in Response to Middle to Late Miocene Global Climatic Shifts
Authors: Bialik Or M. , Auer Gerald , Ogawa Nanako O. , Kroon Dick , Waldmann Nicolas D. , Ohkouchi Naohiko 
Published: February 2020

AbstractToday, upwelling along the Oman margin in the Arabian Sea is governed by the South Asian Monsoon winds. The Oman upwelling results in the formation of an oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) spanning across the Arabian Sea and large parts of the Indian Ocean. While these conditions are recorded as early as the middle Miocene (~15 Ma), the long‐term dynamics of upwelling in the Arabian Sea are as of yet poorly constrained during the middle to late Miocene. Here, we use organic and inorganic proxies combined with sedimentary and paleontological records to constrain the evolution of upwelling at Ocean Drilling Program Site 722B between ~15 and ~8.7 Ma. Our record shows that Mn depletion occurred at ~14.5 Ma, likely due to regionally confined OMZ formation at that time. Biogenic silica accumulation intensified between ~12.5 and ~11 Ma. The δ15N values (>6‰) provide evidence for the onset of at least intermittent denitrification between ~11 and ~9.5 Ma during the apex of the global “carbonate crash.” Our data demonstrate that upwelling and OMZ intensity in the Arabian Sea were linked to the reorganization of the Indian Ocean circulation system and South Asian Monsoon during the Miocene. The initiation of these systems occurred once the regional tectonic configuration (i.e., the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau ~25 Ma and the closure of the Tethyan seaway ~20 Ma) was in place. The subsequent development of monsoonal upwelling after 14 Ma responded to latitudinal shifts in climatic belts following the progressive Miocene glaciation of Antarctica.
Baseline vs. cross-sectional MRI of concussion: distinct brain patterns in white matter and cerebral blood flow
Authors: Churchill Nathan W. , Hutchison Michael G. , Graham Simon J. , Schweizer Tom A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNeuroimaging has been used to describe the pathophysiology of sport-related concussion during early injury, with effects that may persist beyond medical clearance to return-to-play (RTP). However, studies are typically cross-sectional, comparing groups of concussed and uninjured athletes. It is important to determine whether these findings are consistent with longitudinal change at the individual level, relative to their own pre-injury baseline. A cohort of N = 123 university-level athletes were scanned with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Of this group, N = 12 acquired a concussion and were re-scanned at early symptomatic injury and at RTP. A sub-group of N = 44 uninjured athletes were also re-imaged, providing a normative reference group. Among concussed athletes, abnormalities were identified for white matter fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity, along with grey matter cerebral blood flow, using both cross-sectional (CS) and longitudinal (LNG) approaches. The spatial patterns of abnormality for CS and LNG were distinct, with median fractional overlap below 0.10 and significant differences in the percentage of abnormal voxels. However, the analysis methods did not differ in the amount of change from symptomatic injury to RTP and in the direction of observed abnormalities. These results highlight the impact of using pre-injury baseline data when evaluating concussion-related brain abnormalities at the individual level.
Comparative Efficacy of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Kim Jeayoun , Park Jungchan , Lee Jong-Hwan , Min Jeong Jin , Lee Seung-Hwa , Lee Young Tak , Kim Wook Sung , Song Sanghoon , Yeo Jung Hyun , Cho Hyojin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are considered as an alternative for those with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) intolerance, the comparative effectiveness of ARBs and ACEi remains controversial in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We aimed to compare the clinical effects of the two types of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors in patients who underwent CABG. From January 2001 to January 2015, among the 5456 patients, data from 1198 (20.1%) patients who used a RAAS inhibitor at discharge were analyzed. These 1198 patients were classified into ACEi (N = 900) and ARB (N = 298) groups. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) during a median follow-up period of 48 months. Propensity-matched analysis revealed that the incidence of MACCE over a 48 month follow-up period did not differ between the groups (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.36–1.21; p = 0.17), but it was significantly lower in the ARB group during the 12 month follow-up period (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.22–0.96; p = 0.04). In conclusion, ARBs may have comparable protective effects to ACEi and be a reasonable alternative for intolerant patients after CABG. The beneficial effects of ARBs depending on follow-up period require further investigation.
Longitudinal spatial hole burning in high-power semiconductor lasers: numerical analysis
Authors: Golovin V.S. , Shashkin I.S. , Slipchenko S.O. , Pikhtin N.A. , Kop’ev P.S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Longitudinal spatial hole burning (LSHB) in high-power semiconductor lasers is analysed by numerically solving one-dimensional (1D) rate equations. Calculations are performed for GaAs-based lasers operating at a wavelength of 1.06 μm. It is shown that the LSHB-induced decrease in output power can be accounted for by two mechanisms: build-up of spontaneous recombination and decrease in slope efficiency, equivalent to a rise in internal optical loss. We analyse the influence of different laser chip parameters on the magnitude of the LSHB effect. In particular, it is shown that to suppress LSHB it is preferable to increase the optical confinement factor Γ. We examine the relationship between LSHB and other mechanisms capable of reducing the output power.
The Effects of Permanent Income Tax Cuts on Emigration from Israel
Authors: Blumkin Tomer , Margalioth Yoram , Strawczynski Michel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we estimate the effect on emigration of the permanent income tax reductions implemented in Israel during the period 2004–2010. We find that emigration flows from Israel declined, especially for brackets that benefited from a larger tax reduction. We also find that the effect is stronger for younger workers than for older ones, a result consistent with the former group deriving expected tax benefits over a longer duration of time.
Identification and activity of the functional complex between hnRNPL and the pseudoexfoliation syndrome-associated lncRNA, LOXL1-AS1
Authors: Schmitt Heather M , Johnson William M , Aboobakar Inas F , Strickland Shelby , Gomez-Caraballo María , Parker Megan , Finnegan Laura , Corcoran David L , Skiba Nikolai P , Allingham R Rand , Hauser Michael A , Stamer W Daniel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Individuals with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome exhibit various connective tissue pathologies associated with dysregulated extracellular matrix homeostasis. PEX glaucoma is a common, aggressive form of open-angle glaucoma resulting from the deposition of fibrillary material in the conventional outflow pathway. However, the molecular mechanisms that drive pathogenesis and genetic risk remain poorly understood. PEX glaucoma-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms are located in and affect activity of the promoter of LOXL1-AS1, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Nuclear and non-nuclear lncRNAs regulate a host of biological processes, and when dysregulated, contribute to disease. Here we report that LOXL1-AS1 localizes to the nucleus where it selectively binds to the mRNA processing protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein-L (hnRNPL). Both components of this complex are critical for the regulation of global gene expression in ocular cells, making LOXL1-AS1 a prime target for investigation in PEX syndrome and glaucoma.
Comparing National Approaches to the Study of Intelligence
Authors: Van Puyvelde Damien , Wirtz James J , Holeindre Jean-Vincent , Oudet Benjamin , Bar-Joseph Uri , Kotani Ken , Matei Florina Cristiana , Fernández Antonio M Díaz 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis forum compares and contrasts national experiences in the development of intelligence studies from the perspective of seven countries: France, Japan, Israel, Romania, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The discussion is structured around a comparative framework that emphasizes five core dimensions that, we posit, are essential to the emergence of this subfield: access to relevant government information, institutionalization of research on intelligence and security in a higher education setting, periodic scientific meetings and networks, teaching and learning opportunities, and engagement between researchers and practitioners. The forum demonstrates how researchers working in different contexts and disciplines have overcome similar challenges to broaden our understanding of secret government practices.
Development and Validation of a Next-Generation Sequencing Panel for Syndromic and Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss
Authors: Butz Malinda , McDonald Amber , Lundquist Patrick A , Meyer Melanie , Harrington Sean , Kester Sarah , Stein Mariam I , Mistry Nipun A , Zimmerman Zuckerman Eric , Niu Zhiyv , Schimmenti Lisa , Hasadsri Linda , Boczek Nicole J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Deafness and hearing loss are common conditions that can be seen independently or as part of a syndrome and are often mediated by genetic causes. We sought to develop and validate a hereditary hearing loss panel (HHLP) to detect single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions and deletions (indels), and copy number variants (CNVs) in 166 genes related to nonsyndromic and syndromic hearing loss.

Methods
We developed a custom-capture next-generation sequencing (NGS) reagent to detect all coding regions, ±10 flanking bp, for the 166 genes related to nonsyndromic and syndromic hearing loss. Our validation consisted of testing 52 samples to establish accuracy, reproducibility, and analytical sensitivity. In addition to NGS, supplementary methods, including multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification, long-range PCR, and Sanger sequencing, were used to ensure coverage of regions that had high complexity or homology.

Results
We observed 100% positive and negative percentage agreement for detection of SNVs (n = 362), small indels (1–22 bp, n = 25), and CNVs (gains, n = 8; losses, n = 17). Finally, we showed that this assay was able to detect variants with a variant allele frequency ≥20% for SNVs and indels and ≥30% to 35% for CNVs.

Conclusions
We validated an HHLP that detects SNVs, indels, and CNVs in 166 genes related to syndromic and nonsyndromic hearing loss. The results of this assay can be utilized to confirm a diagnosis of hearing loss and related syndromic disorders associated with known causal genes.
Fuzzy swarm trajectory tracking control of unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Selma Boumediene , Chouraqui Samira , Abouaïssa Hassane 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Accurate and precise trajectory tracking is crucial for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to operate in disturbed environments. This paper presents a novel tracking hybrid controller for a quadrotor UAV that combines the robust adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The ANFIS-PSO controller is implemented to govern the behavior of three degrees of freedom quadrotor UAV. The ANFIS controller allows controlling the movement of UAV to track a given trajectory in a 2D vertical plane. The PSO algorithm provides an automatic adjustment of the ANFIS parameters to reduce tracking error and improve the quality of the controller. The results showed perfect behavior for the control law to control a UAV trajectory tracking task. To show the effectiveness of the intelligent controller, simulation results are given to confirm the advantages of the proposed control method, compared with ANFIS and PID control methods.