bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the relationship between the water cutting rate and the remaining oil saturation of the reservoir by using the index percolating saturation formula with variable coefficients
Authors: Zhang Meiling , Fan Jiayi , Zhang Yongchao , Liu Yinxin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe water cutting rate is recorded dynamically during the production process of a well. If the remaining oil saturation of the reservoir can be deduced based on the water cutting rate, it will give guidance to improve the reservoir recovery and can save expensive drilling costs. In the oil–water two-phase seepage experiment on core samples, the oil and water relative permeability reflects the relationship between the water cutting rate and water saturation, that is, percolating saturation formula. The relative permeability test data of 17 rock samples from six seal coring wells in Daqing Changyuan were used to optimize and construct the coefficients of the index percolating saturation formula that vary with the pore structure parameters of reservoirs, to form an index percolating saturation formula with variable coefficients that is more consistent with the regional geological characteristics of the reservoir. Based on this, the formula of water saturation calculated by the water cutting rate is deduced. And the high-precision formula for calculating the irreducible water saturation and residual oil saturation by effective porosity, absolute permeability, and shale content is given. The derivative formula of water saturation on the water cutting rate was established, and the parameters of 17 rock samples were calculated. It was found that the variation velocity of water saturation of each sample with the water cutting rate presented a “U” shape, which was consistent with the actual characteristics that the variation velocity of the water saturation in the early, middle, and late stages of oilfield development first decreased, then stabilized, and finally increased rapidly. The research results were applied to the prediction of remaining oil saturation in the research area, and the water saturation about six producing wells was calculated by using their present water cutting rates, and the remaining oil distribution profile was predicted effectively. The analysis of four layers of two newly drilled infill wells and reasonable oil recovery suggestions were given to achieve good results.
Foliar and flowering phenology of three rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) clones in the eastern plains of Colombia
Authors: Gutiérrez-Vanegas Albert Julesmar , Correa-Pinilla Diana Elisa , Gil-Restrepo Juan Pablo , López-Hernández Ferney Giovanny , Guerra-Hincapié Juan José , Córdoba-Gaona Oscar de Jesús 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAnnual defoliation and refoliation cycles that occur in rubber trees after 5 years of age have a strong interaction with foliar diseases attacks. The rubber phenology was studied in the eastern plains of Colombia, in the municipality of Puerto López, department of Meta, where variables such as foliar density, percentage of leaves in stages A, B, C and D and flowering density were evaluated in clones IAN 873, FX 3864 and RRIM 600, between August 2016 and September 2018. All three clones showed a foliar density higher than 80% with leaves in stage D, between March and December (weeks 12–50 of the year). The defoliation started in the last weeks of the year, with the beginning of the dry season. The refoliation extended until mid-March (week 11) in 2017, and until February (week 6) in 2018. The presence of leaves in stages A, B and C during 8–13 weeks was observed at the plantation level, according to the clone and the evaluation year. The duration of the refoliation per tree was on average 6.73 ± 0.22 weeks in 2017 and 4.42 ± 0.39 weeks in 2018. Flowering coincided with refoliation, during a period of negative water balance and high solar radiation. Expansion of inflorescences was observed in the first weeks of the year between January and March, with the absence of reproductive development when the crop was dominated by leaves in stage D.
Human Recognition-Behavioral Adaptation System
Authors: Masuda Yutaka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractI understand that phenomena are compatibly explained via synthetic reasoning-model inducted from the premise. This is my fundamental researching strategy. Now, some neuroscientists suggested that mammalian brains work via network of the neuronal modules, and I and my colleagues reported that the modules are followed by individual humoral stress-coping glycolipids. Here, I noticed that the module-network followed by the glycolipids could be symbolically structured as a model qualitative- and quantitative-reasoning mammalian recognition-behavioral stress-coping system. On the other hand, Evolutionary psychologists understand that human recognition-behaviors originate from animal recognition-behaviors, and philologists premise that human operates language and symbols semantically. I symbolized human recognition-behavioral stress-coping system as the self by using a mathematical logic Complex-network, developed the self to the world by using a mathematical logic Topology, and considered the self and the world as synthetic reasoning-model of human recognition-behavioral adaptation system. Furthermore, I explained human psychological realities: personality, neurotic symptoms, sympathy and empathy, social selection pressure, and nature of psychotherapy via the synthetic reasoning-model. I also analyzed psychotherapeutic strategies of the main psychological parties for clarifying the comprehensions for human recognition-behavioral adaptation system, and finally, I concluded that my fundamental researching strategy is valid for totally comprehending human adaptation recognition-behaviors.
Covid-19: When Species and Data Meet
Authors: Price Catherine 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article explores how species meet, in particular humans and the Covid-19 virus. It also draws attention to the digital world through the lens of contact-tracing apps. Here, I examine human-virus-data relations, with humans, Covid-19, and data meeting and intra-acting. This article examines what has led us to this situation with Covid-19 and the role data is currently playing. The article offers an answer to two questions. How do humans, Covid-19, and Covid-19 contact-tracing apps meet and intra-act? What are the social justice issues and problems associated with contact-tracing apps? This article examines how species meet and intra-act, as well as how the Anthropocene has contributed to the current situation. The article also discusses contact-tracing apps and what these apps mean for society. Finally, the article shows how entanglements are not only constrained to those which are multispecies but also stretch out to the digital. These postdigital hybrid assemblages enable the coming together of humans, biological-more-than-human-worlds, and the digital. Postdigital hybrid assemblages enable us to push beyond boundaries, helping us understand Covid-19 and its impacts on society. Hopefully, this discussion about the postdigital hybrid assemblage will contribute to discussions in the future, and long after Covid-19, about how we are living our lives, and who and what we are living our lives with.
Neural networks and arbitrage in the VIX
Authors: Osterrieder Joerg , Kucharczyk Daniel , Rudolf Silas , Wittwer Daniel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility Index (VIX) is considered by many market participants as a common measure of market risk and investors’ sentiment, representing the market’s expectation of the 30-day-ahead looking implied volatility obtained from real-time prices of options on the S&P 500 index. While smaller deviations between implied and realized volatility are a well-known stylized fact of financial markets, large, time-varying differences are also frequently observed throughout the day. Furthermore, substantial deviations between the VIX and its futures might lead to arbitrage opportunities on the VIX market. Arbitrage is hard to exploit as the potential strategy to exploit it requires buying several hundred, mostly illiquid, out-of-the-money (put and call) options on the S&P 500 index. This paper discusses a novel approach to predicting the VIX on an intraday scale by using just a subset of the most liquid options. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this the first paper, that describes a new methodology on how to predict the VIX (to potentially exploit arbitrage opportunities using VIX futures) using most recently developed machine learning models to intraday data of S&P 500 options and the VIX. The presented results are supposed to shed more light on the underlying dynamics in the options markets, help other investors to better understand the market and support regulators to investigate market inefficiencies.
Covering of High-Dimensional Cubes and Quantization
Authors: Zhigljavsky Anatoly , Noonan Jack 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAs the main problem, we consider covering of ad-dimensional cube bynballs with reasonably larged(10 or more) and reasonably smalln, liken= 100 orn= 1000. We do not require the full coverage but only 90% or 95% coverage. We establish that efficient covering schemes have several important properties which are not seen in small dimensions and in asymptotical considerations, for very largen. One of these properties can be termed ‘do not try to cover the vertices’ as the vertices of the cube and their close neighbourhoods are very hard to cover and for largedthere are far too many of them. We clearly demonstrate that, contrary to a common belief, placing balls at points which form a low-discrepancy sequence in the cube, results in a very inefficient covering scheme. For a family of random coverings, we are able to provide very accurate approximations to the coverage probability. We then extend our results to the problems of coverage of a cube by smaller cubes and quantization, the latter being also referred to as facility location. Along with theoretical considerations and derivation of approximations, we provide results of a large-scale numerical investigation.
Hospital Readmission After Climbing-Related Injury in the United States
Authors: Forrester Joseph D. , Hunter Kristin A. , Tennakoon Lakshika , Spain David A. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction Rock climbing and mountaineering may result in injury requiring hospital admission. Readmission frequency after climbing-related injury is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess readmission frequency, morbidity, and mortality after admission for climbing-related injury. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of the 2012 to 2014 national readmission database, a nationally representative sample of all hospitalized patients. Rock climbing, mountain climbing, and wall climbing injuries were identified using International Classification of Diseases-Ninth Revision-Clinical Modification codes (E004.0). Outcomes evaluated included readmission frequency, morbidity, mortality, inpatient admission, and costs. Adjusted analyses accounting for survey methodology were performed. Data are presented as mean±SD. Results A weighted-estimate 1324 inpatient admissions were associated with a climbing-related injury. Most patients were aged 18 to 44 y (64%), and 68% (n=896) were male. Isolated extremity injures were more common than other injuries (49%, n=645). Sixty-five percent (n=856) underwent a major operative procedure. Less than 1% of all climbing-related visits resulted in death. Within 6 mo of the index hospitalization, 2% (n=23) of the patients had at least 1 readmission, with a time to readmission of 9.9±6.6 (95% CI 4.5–15.4) d. Only female sex was associated with increased odds of readmission (odds ratio=5.5; 95% CI 1.5–20.1; P=0.01). Conclusions There is a very low frequency of readmissions after being admitted to the hospital for climbing-related injury. A considerable opportunity to describe the long-term burden of climbing-related injury exists, and further research should be done to assess injury burden treated in the outpatient setting.
Influence of glacial water and carbonate minerals on wintertime sea-ice biogeochemistry and the CO2system in an Arctic fjord in Svalbard
Authors: Fransson Agneta , Chierici Melissa , Nomura Daiki , Granskog Mats A. , Kristiansen Svein , Martma Tõnu , Nehrke Gernot 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe effect of freshwater sources on wintertime sea-ice CO2processes was studied from the glacier front to the outer Tempelfjorden, Svalbard, in sea ice, glacier ice, brine and snow. March–April 2012 was mild, and the fjord was mainly covered with drift ice, in contrast to the observed thicker fast ice in the colder April 2013. This resulted in different physical and chemical properties of the sea ice and under-ice water. Data from stable oxygen isotopic ratios and salinity showed that the sea ice at the glacier front in April 2012 contained on average 54% of frozen-in glacial meltwater. This was five times higher than in April 2013, where the ice was frozen seawater. In April 2012, the largest excess of sea-ice total alkalinity (AT), carbonate ion ([CO32−]) and bicarbonate ion concentrations ([HCO3−]) relative to salinity was mainly related to dissolved dolomite and calcite incorporated during freezing of mineral-enriched glacial water. In April 2013, the excess of these variables was mainly due to ikaite dissolution as a result of sea-ice processes. Dolomite dissolution increased sea-iceATtwice as much as ikaite and calcite dissolution, implying different buffering capacity and potential for ocean CO2uptake in a changing climate.
‘MY TRAINING IS DEEPLY CHRISTIAN AND I AM AGAINST VIOLENCE’: JASON SENDWE, THE BALUBAKAT, AND THE KATANGESE SECESSION, 1957–64
Authors: Loffman Reuben A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article examines the Baluba Association of Katanga (Balubakat) from its creation in 1957 until its dissolution in 1964, as well as its leader Jason Sendwe. Despite not receiving much scholarly coverage hitherto, Sendwe and the Balubakat played an important part in undermining the Katangese secession, along with the UN and the Congolese National Army (ANC). This article's focus on the Balubakat and Sendwe challenges the traditional historical focus on top parties, such as the National Congolese Movement (MNC), and their leaders, such as Patrice Lumumba, when examining Congolese decolonisation. Sendwe's pragmatic, non-aligned stance helped the Balubakat maintain the support of powerful institutions, such as the Great Lakes Railway Company (CFL). His ability to hold the Balubakat together also derived from its members’ common wish to oppose the Katangese secession. Yet the efficacy of Sendwe's leadership was best demonstrated after the party disbanded following his assassination.
Socio-demographic risk factors for severe malnutrition in children aged under five among various birth cohorts in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Mohammad Rocky Khan , Khan Hafiz T. A. , Mondal Md. Nazrul Islam , Kabir Russell 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTackling malnutrition is a major health priority for a developing country like Bangladesh. This study explored the differences in prevalence of having only one form, and multiple forms, of severe malnutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight) among under-5 children in Bangladesh, and aimed to identify the important factors affecting these. Data were extracted from the Bangladesh Demographic Health Surveys conducted in 2007, 2011 and 2014. The outcome measures were ‘only one form’ and ‘multiple forms’ of severe malnutrition in children aged under 5 years. A Chi-squared test was performed to find the association of outcome variables with selected socio-demographic factors and logistic regression models were applied to identify risk factors. A total of 19,874 children aged under 5 years were included in the analysis. The overall proportion with one form of severe child malnutrition was approximately 12%, and the proportion with multiple forms was 8%. Age, mother’s education, father’s occupation, mother currently working, watching television, source of water, solid waste used in cooking, intimate partner violence (IPV), wealth index, urban/rural place of residence and birth cohort were found to be significant factors for both having only one and having multiple forms of severe child malnutrition. Children with an uneducated mother of poor socioeconomic class had a higher risk of severe malnutrition. Children of fathers with a professional occupation were at lower risk of having multiple forms of severe malnutrition. The proportions of children aged under 5 years with one or multiple forms of severe malnutrition were shown to be high in Bangladesh. The prevention of malnutrition in the country should be seen as a significant public health issue and given top priority.
Building a ‘Lofty, Beloved People's Amusement Centre’: The socialist transformation of Shanghai's Great World (Dashijie) (1950–58)
Authors: XIAO WENMING , LI YAO 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBased on a detailed case study of the socialist transformation of the Shanghai Great World Amusement Centre (Dashijie), this article documents state-building efforts during the early years of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Between 1950 and 1958, the Communist regime incrementally transformed the power configuration within Dashijie, promoting dramatic changes in its personnel, institutional structures, drama performances, and physical space. Over the course of this process, Dashijie seemed to become a ‘loftier’ cultural organization in accordance with the aims of its transformation. This transfigured Dashijie, however, fell out of favour with the people of Shanghai. This multifaceted transformation process reflects considerable state capacities on the one hand and illustrates the complexity of state capacities—their unevenness and the limitations of a strong state—on the other. The complexity of state capacities thus shaped and was embedded in the process and outcome of this socialist cultural transformation. Since the Chinese state is once again making strenuous efforts at culture-building, an overview of cultural transformation in the early PRC era has important contemporary implications.
Saving Homeless Children of War, Making Citizens for ‘Peace’: The politics of post-war rehabilitation in US-occupied Japan and beyond
Authors: JUNG JI HEE 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article analysesBell Hill(Kane no naru oka), the NHK radio drama designed by US-occupation personnel, and the fervent audience response, while treating this redemption story of war-affected homeless children as a trope for Japanese reorientation under American tutelage. Specifically, it examines the two major tenets of the rehabilitative vision delineated in the serial, liberal guidance based on the principles of self-government and sentimental brotherhood. Questioning the underlying assumption of post-war discourses that they were new, humanitarian fundamentals for Japan's democratic transformation, this study considers liberal principles and sentimentalism as technologies of power and the self that affected both drama's characters and receptive audiences to refigure themselves as responsible and empathetic members of the newly imagined national community. Through this approach, the article suggests a way to resist a simplistic account of Japan's post-war reorientation as either unilateral indoctrination or liberation. The historical experience is instead rearticulated as a process of self-rehabilitation within the biopolitical order of American Cold-War governmentality. This rearticulation opens a further possibility to locate the specific rendering of Japan's post-war rehabilitation within a wider trans-war continuum of human reformation projects implemented through similar technologies of power and the self in Japan and beyond.
A computational network perspective on pediatric anxiety symptoms
Authors: Abend Rany , Bajaj Mira A. , Coppersmith Daniel D. L. , Kircanski Katharina , Haller Simone P. , Cardinale Elise M. , Salum Giovanni A. , Wiers Reinout W. , Salemink Elske , Pettit Jeremy W. , Pérez-Edgar Koraly , Lebowitz Eli R. , Silverman Wendy K. , Bar-Haim Yair , Brotman Melissa A. , Leibenluft Ellen , Fried Eiko I. , Pine Daniel S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhile taxonomy segregates anxiety symptoms into diagnoses, patients typically present with multiple diagnoses; this poses major challenges, particularly for youth, where mixed presentation is particularly common. Anxiety comorbidity could reflect multivariate, cross-domain interactions insufficiently emphasized in current taxonomy. We utilize network analytic approaches that model these interactions by characterizing pediatric anxiety as involving distinct, inter-connected, symptom domains. Quantifying this network structure could inform views of pediatric anxiety that shape clinical practice and research.MethodsParticipants were 4964 youths (ages 5–17 years) from seven international sites. Participants completed standard symptom inventory assessing severity along distinct domains that follow pediatric anxiety diagnostic categories. We first applied network analytic tools to quantify the anxiety domain network structure. We then examined whether variation in the network structure related to age (3-year longitudinal assessments) and sex, key moderators of pediatric anxiety expression.ResultsThe anxiety network featured a highly inter-connected structure; all domains correlated positively but to varying degrees. Anxiety patients and healthy youth differed in severity but demonstrated a comparable network structure. We noted specific sex differences in the network structure; longitudinal data indicated additional structural changes during childhood. Generalized-anxiety and panic symptoms consistently emerged as central domains.ConclusionsPediatric anxiety manifests along multiple, inter-connected symptom domains. By quantifying cross-domain associations and related moderation effects, the current study might shape views on the diagnosis, treatment, and study of pediatric anxiety.
Conditions of existence and subjective perceptions of retirement: quantitative evidence from France
Authors: Apouey Bénédicte 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article explores subjective perceptions of retirement in France, using original quantitative data on the customers of a not-for-profit insurance company. The sample contains individuals aged 40–84, who are either in the labour force (N = 923) or retired (N = 705). Perceptions of retirement are measured using closed questions on views of the retirement transition (these views can be positive, negative or neutral) and definitions of retirement (retirement can be interpreted as a period of freedom, boredom, greater risk of precariousness, etc.). Using a number of different social indicators, we examine whether differences in social conditions translate into heterogeneous perceptions. We also investigate whether social differences in perceptions fade away with increasing age. Both working-age individuals and retirees generally have a positive view of the retirement transition and often define retirement as a period of freedom. Perceptions of retirement are shaped by social conditions: a higher level of education and income, greater wealth, better health and stronger social involvement go hand in hand with rosier perceptions. Moreover, we uncover a strengthening of this social gradient with increasing age. Finally, perceptions are positively correlated with satisfaction in various domains, for retirees.