bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Links between autobiographical memory richness and temporal discounting in older adults
Authors: Lempert Karolina M. , MacNear Kameron A. , Wolk David A. , Kable Joseph W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhen making choices between smaller, sooner rewards and larger, later ones, people tend to discount future outcomes. Individual differences in temporal discounting in older adults have been associated with episodic memory abilities and entorhinal cortical thickness. The cause of this association between better memory and more future-oriented choice remains unclear, however. One possibility is that people with perceptually richer recollections are more patient because they also imagine the future more vividly. Alternatively, perhaps people whose memories focus more on the meaning of events (i.e., are more “gist-based”) show reduced temporal discounting, since imagining the future depends on interactions between semantic and episodic memory. We examined which categories of episodic details – perception-based or gist-based – are associated with temporal discounting in older adults. Older adults whose autobiographical memories were richer in perception-based details showed reduced temporal discounting. Furthermore, in an exploratory neuroanatomical analysis, both discount rates and perception-based details correlated with entorhinal cortical thickness. Retrieving autobiographical memories before choice did not affect temporal discounting, however, suggesting that activating episodic memory circuitry at the time of choice is insufficient to alter discounting in older adults. These findings elucidate the role of episodic memory in decision making, which will inform interventions to nudge intertemporal choices.
Multi-band MIM refractive index biosensor based on Ag-air grating with equivalent circuit and T-matrix methods in near-infrared region
Authors: Nejat Mohamad , Nozhat Najmeh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a multi-band metal-insulator-metal (MIM) perfect absorber with refractive index sensing capability has been investigated in near-infrared region. The proposed structure has been studied for biomedical applications such as detection of solution of glucose in water, diagnosis of different stages of malaria infection, bacillus bacteria and cancer cells. The MIM configuration improves the sensing parameters of the biosensor due to the good interaction with the analyte. The high sensitivity and figure of merit of 2000 nm/RIU and 100 RIU−1 have been achieved, respectively. Also, the Ag-air grating in the suggested plasmonic sensor helps the localized surface plasmons excitation and makes the structure sensitive to the incident lightwave polarization. Therefore, the presented biosensor behaves like a polarization switch with the high extinction ratio and fast response time of 25.15 dB and 100 fs, respectively. The methods of equivalent circuit model and transmission matrix have been utilized to verify the simulation results, as a new challenge in near-infrared region. The new idea of multi-application plasmonic devices, the feasibility of fabrication for the presented structure and utilizing mentioned analytical methods in near-infrared region could pave the way for the future of plasmonic structures.
Bacterial community analysis of floor dust and HEPA filters in air purifiers used in office rooms in ILAS, Beijing
Authors: Guo Jianguo , Xiong Yi , Kang Taisheng , Xiang Zhiguang , Qin Chuan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAir purifiers with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters remove not only particulate matter but also airborne microorganisms in indoor environments. We investigated the bacterial community in HEPA filters (used for 1 year) and that in the floor dust of 12 office rooms in Beijing. We found that the viable bacteria proportion in the filter was significantly higher than that in the floor dust (p < 0.001). The Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling analysis showed that the bacterial communities in the filters and dust were significantly different (p = 0.001). The Chao1, Shannon–Wiener and phylogenetic diversity values in the filter were significantly higher than those in the dust (p < 0.001). The predominant bacterial classes in the filter wereAlphaproteobacteriaandActinobacteria, whereas those in the dust wereBacteroidia,ClostridiaandBacilli. Human occupancy contributed more to the bacterial community in the filter than that in the dust.KlebsiellaandAlloprevotellain the dust and filters positively correlated with the occupancy density. Soil bacteria contributed to a significantly higher proportion of the bacteria in the HEPA filter (p < 0.001). In contrast, human oral, indoor air and outdoor haze contributed to a higher proportion of the bacteria in the dust samples (p < 0.001,p < 0.01 andp < 0.05, respectively). As HEPA filters serve as an ecological niche for indoor bacteria, they should be carefully investigated during the assessment of indoor environmental health.
Verification, analytical validation, and clinical validation (V3): the foundation of determining fit-for-purpose for Biometric Monitoring Technologies (BioMeTs)
Authors: Goldsack Jennifer C. , Coravos Andrea , Bakker Jessie P. , Bent Brinnae , Dowling Ariel V. , Fitzer-Attas Cheryl , Godfrey Alan , Godino Job G. , Gujar Ninad , Izmailova Elena , Manta Christine , Peterson Barry , Vandendriessche Benjamin , Wood William A. , Wang Ke Will , Dunn Jessilyn 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDigital medicine is an interdisciplinary field, drawing together stakeholders with expertize in engineering, manufacturing, clinical science, data science, biostatistics, regulatory science, ethics, patient advocacy, and healthcare policy, to name a few. Although this diversity is undoubtedly valuable, it can lead to confusion regarding terminology and best practices. There are many instances, as we detail in this paper, where a single term is used by different groups to mean different things, as well as cases where multiple terms are used to describe essentially the same concept. Our intent is to clarify core terminology and best practices for the evaluation of Biometric Monitoring Technologies (BioMeTs), without unnecessarily introducing new terms. We focus on the evaluation of BioMeTs as fit-for-purpose for use in clinical trials. However, our intent is for this framework to be instructional to all users of digital measurement tools, regardless of setting or intended use. We propose and describe a three-component framework intended to provide a foundational evaluation framework for BioMeTs. This framework includes (1) verification, (2) analytical validation, and (3) clinical validation. We aim for this common vocabulary to enable more effective communication and collaboration, generate a common and meaningful evidence base for BioMeTs, and improve the accessibility of the digital medicine field.
Design principles for efficient photoelectrodes in solar rechargeable redox flow cell applications
Authors: Bae Dowon , Kanellos Gerasimos , Faasse Gerrit M. , Dražević Emil , Venugopal Anirudh , Smith Wilson A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRecent advances in photoelectrochemical redox flow cells, such as solar redox flow batteries, have received much attention as an alternative integrated technology for simultaneous conversion and storage of solar energy. Theoretically, it has been reported that even single-photon devices can demonstrate unbiased photo-charging with high solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency; however, the poor redox kinetics of photoelectrodes reported thus far severely limit the photo-charging performance. Here, we report a band alignment design and propose surface coverage control to reduce the charge extraction barrier and create a facile carrier pathway from both n- and p-type photoelectrodes to the electrolyte with the respective redox reaction. Based on these observations, we develop a single-photon photo-charging device with a solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency over 9.4% for a redox flow cell system. Along with these findings, we provide design principles for simultaneous optimisation, which may lead to enhanced conversion efficiency in the further development of solar-rechargeable redox flow cells.
Is Biceps Femoris Aponeurosis Size an Independent Risk Factor for
Strain Injury?
Authors: Freitas Sandro R. , Abrantes Filipe , Santos Francisco , Mascarenhas Vasco , Oliveira Raúl , Firmino Telmo , Mendes Bruno , Cerda Mauricio , Vaz João R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study examined whether professional footballers with previous biceps femoris
long head (BFLH) injury in the last 3-years present a smaller
proximal aponeurosis (Apo-BFLH) size compared to footballers with no
previous injury. We examined the Apo-BFLH and BFLH size
using magnetic resonance imaging and tested the knee flexor maximal isometric
strength in 80 thighs of 40 footballers. Apo-BFLH size parameters
were processed using a semi-automated procedure. Outcomes were compared between
thighs with (n=9) vs. without (n=71) previous BFLH
injury. No differences were observed between injured and non-injured thighs for
the Apo-BFLH and BFLH size parameters (p>0.05)
except for Apo-BFLH volume, which was higher in the non-injured
thighs of athletes with previous injury (3692.1±2638.4 mm3,
p<0.006) compared to the left (2274.1±798.7 mm3) thighs of
athletes without previous injury. A higher knee flexor isometric strength was
observed in the injured limb of athletes with previous BFLH injury
(196.5±31.9 Nm, p<0.003) compared to the left
(156.2±31.4 Nm) and right (160.0±31.4 Nm) thighs of non-injured
athletes. The present results suggest that BFLH proximal aponeurosis
size should not be considered as an independent risk factor for strain
injury.
Golf spielen gegen die Vergesslichkeit: Effekte des Erlernens der Sportart auf das Default Mode Netzwerk des Gehirns
Authors: Ströhlein Julia Kristin , Vieluf Solveig , van den Bongard Franziska , Gölz Christian , Reinsberger Claus 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Im Rahmen der Demenz vom Alzheimer-Typ (DAT) zeigt sich eine gestörte neuronale Netzwerkorganisation, welche sich unter anderem auch im Default Mode Netzwerk (DMN) widerspiegelt. Multimodale Interventionen, wie zum Beispiel Golf, können einen positiven Einfluss auf die funktionelle Integrität der Netzwerke haben.
Methodik Im Rahmen einer Pilotstudie wurde der Einfluss des Erlernens der Sportart Golf bei sieben älteren Menschen (> 60 Jahre) mit subjektiven Gedächtnisbeschwerden auf die funktionelle Konnektivität des DMN untersucht. Die Probanden haben 22 Wochen unter Anleitung eines professionellen Golftrainers dreimal wöchentlich je 60 min trainiert. Vor (Messzeitpunkt 0, MZP0) und nach der Intervention (Messzeitpunkt 1, MZP1) wurde eine Elektroenzephalografie (EEG)-Messung unter Ruhebedingungen (resting-state) durchgeführt. Die EEG-Daten wurden mit einem Magnetresonanztomographie-Template koregistriert. Die Konnektivitätsanalyse wurde in 15 Regionen des DMN durchgeführt und im Längsschnitt verglichen. Dabei wurden die Frequenzbänder beta (14–29 Hz) und theta (5–7 Hz) berücksichtigt.
Ergebnisse Nach der Intervention wurde eine höhere funktionelle Konnektivität im gesamten DMN bei 5 / 7 Teilnehmenden im beta Frequenzband bzw. bei 6 / 7 Probanden im theta Frequenzband zu MZP1 im Vergleich zu MZP0 gemessen. Im anterioren DMN war bei allen Probanden und Probandinnen die funktionelle Konnektivität im beta Frequenzband zu MZP1 im Vergleich zu MZP 0 höher, während sie im theta-Band bei 6 von 7 Teilnehmenden niedriger war. Im posterioren DMN war bei 6 von 7 (beta), bzw. 5 von 7 (theta) Probanden und Probandinnen die funktionelle Konnektivität zu MZP1 höher als zu MZP0. Spearman-Korrelationsanalysen zeigen zudem einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Teilnahmehäufigkeit und der prozentualen Veränderung der funktionellen Konnektivität im gesamten DMN des beta Frequenzbandes (r = 0,786, p = 0,036) und im anterioren DMN des theta Frequenzbandes (r = –0,821, p = 0,023).
Fazit Auf Basis der vorliegenden Daten lässt sich vermuten, dass das Erlernen der Sportart Golf einen Einfluss auf das DMN haben könnte. Die Ergebnisse bilden die Grundlage für die Planung einer Studie mit einer größeren Kohorte und randomisierten kontrollierten Design.
Bildgebung bei Uveitis
Authors: Pohlmann Dominika , Pleyer Uwe , Heinz Carsten 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungBildgebende Verfahren sind Schlüsselelemente in der Diagnostik und Behandlung von Augenkrankheiten. Dies gilt insbesondere für intraokulare Entzündungen. In diesem Beitrag werden die aktuellen Bildgebungsmodalitäten wie optische Kohärenztomografie (OCT), OCT-Angiografie, Fluorescein- und Indocyaningrünangiografie, Fundusautofluoreszenz sowie Weitfeldbildgebungsmodalitäten erörtert. Der gezielte Einsatz dieser Untersuchungsmethoden wird abhängig vom Schwerpunkt der intraokularen Entzündung dargestellt. Zusätzlich werden aktuelle und künftige Möglichkeiten zum optimierten, objektiven Monitoring bei diesen Krankheitsbildern vorgestellt.
The new radiation protection framework since 2019 – Implementation in Germany and comparison of some aspects in seven European countries
Authors: Loose Reinhard , Wucherer Michael , Walz Michael , Adamus Ralf 
Published: April 2020

Purpose The implementation of EU Directive 2013/59 EURATOM (EU-BSS) of 2014 led to a reorganization of radiation protection legislation in Germany in the form of a new radiation protection law Strahlenschutzgesetz (StrlSchG) of 2017 and a new radiation protection ordinance Strahlenschutzverordnung (StrlSchV) of 2018. For application of ionizing radiation in medicine these changes affect radiology, nuclear medicine and radiotherapy. A comparison between the old and the new legal system analyses changes that are relevant for diagnostic and interventional radiology. For the important new regulation of unintended exposures, a comparison is made with the implementation of Art. 63 EU-BSS in 7 European countries.
Material and methods The provisions of the Röntgenverordnung (RöV) and the old Strahlenschutzverordnung (StrlSchV alt), which were valid until 2018, are compared with the new legislation of StrlSchG and StrlSchV for changes in radiation protection for patients, the population and occupational radiation protection of staff members. The occupational dose limit of the eye lens was reduced. The reduction by a factor of 7.5 results in new requirements for radiation protection equipment. New requirements in teleradiology are compared with the previous regulation, as well as the necessary involvement of medical physics experts (MPE) in high dose procedures, such as CT and fluoroscopic interventions. The regulation for unintended exposures of the German StrlSchV are analyzed in terms of their reporting criteria.
Results The principles of medical radiation protection in Germany have not changed as a result of the new radiation protection legislation from 2019 onwards. However, there are a number of changes and new requirements that must be considered and implemented. Important points are e. g. new regulations on teleradiology, early detection of diseases in asymptomatic individuals and reporting of unintended exposure of patients. As all new regulations are no longer found in only one single regulation, both knowledge of the StrlSchG and the StrlSchV are necessary.
Key points:
Citation Format
Digestive findings that do not require endoscopic surveillance – Reducing the burden of care: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement
Authors: Rodríguez-de-Santiago Enrique , Frazzoni Leonardo , Fuccio Lorenzo , van Hooft Jeanin E , Ponchon Thierry , Hassan Cesare , Dinis-Ribeiro Mário 
Published: April 2020

Summary of StatementsWith the aim of reducing the overall burden of care, ESGE recommends against surveillance of a series of conditions. Namely:
ESGE recommends against surveillance of individuals with the following: an inlet esophageal patch; Los Angeles (LA) grade A or B erosive esophagitis; or < 1 cm columnar-lined esophagus.
ESGE recommends against surveillance of those with intestinal metaplasia limited to the antrum unless additional risk factors are present, such as persistent Helicobacter pylori infection, incomplete metaplasia, or a family history of gastric cancer; or for fundic gland polyps in the absence of suspicious endoscopic features or hereditary syndromes.
ESGE recommends against surveillance of gastrointestinal leiomyomas, lipomas, and antral pancreatic rests, provided that these lesions have typical ultrasonographic features.
ESGE recommends against routine endoscopic surveillance in duodenal peptic ulcer, unless symptoms persist despite adequate therapy.
ESGE suggests against surveillance of confirmed pancreatic serous cystic neoplasms.
ESGE recommends against endoscopic surveillance for patients with hyperplastic polyps in the rectosigmoid, with 1 – 4 adenomas < 10 mm with low-grade dysplasia, or with a serrated polyp < 10 mm without dysplasia.
ESGE recommends against surveillance of gastrointestinal conditions in individuals over 80 years old who have less than 10 years of life expectancy and poor general health status.
Atrial Fibrillation in Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Pan Chien-Ting , Tsai Cheng-Hsuan , Chen Zheng-Wei , Chang Yi-Yao , Wu Vin-Cent , Hung Chi-Sheng , Lin Yen-Hung ,   the TAIPAI Study Group
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension.
Increasing evidence has demonstrated an increased cardiovascular risk in
patients with PA compared to those with essential hypertension (EH), including
atrial fibrillation (AF), the most prevalent arrhythmia among adults that is
associated with an elevated risk of subsequent cerebro-cardiovascular adverse
events. The mechanisms of increased prevalence of AF in PA patients are complex.
Excessive aldosterone production is regarded to be a key component in the
pathogenesis of AF, in addition to arterial hypertension and electrolyte
imbalance. In addition, several translational and clinical studies have reported
that structural remodeling with atrial fibrosis and electrical remodeling with
arrhythmogenicity induced by an excess of aldosterone also play major roles in
AF genesis. Clinical studies from several registries and meta-analysis have
reported an increased prevalence and risk of AF in PA patients compared to EH
patients. Recent trials have further demonstrated a reduction in the risk of
new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) after adrenalectomy, while the results of
medical treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have been
inconsistent. This review outlines the current evidence of the relationship
between PA and AF, and highlights recent progress in the management of PA with
regards to the development of AF.
Empfehlungen zur Durchführung einer Bronchoskopie in Zeiten der COVID-19-Pandemie
Authors: Darwiche K. , Ross B. , Gesierich W. , Petermann C. , Huebner R.-H. , Grah C. , Gompelmann D. , Hetzel J. , Holland A. , Eisenmann S. , Stanzel F. , Kempa A. , Conrad K. , Eberhardt R. 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungCOVID-19, ausgelöst durch Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, ist eine neue, sich pandemisch ausbreitenden Infektionserkrankung, welche aktuell weltweit zu einer erheblichen Belastung der Gesundheitssysteme geführt hat. Krankenhausmitarbeiter stellen in Ländern mit hoher Krankheitsaktivität, wie China oder Italien, einen signifikanten Anteil der an COVID-19 Erkrankten und Verstorbenen dar. Bronchoskopische Untersuchungen führen beim untersuchten Patienten zu Hustenreiz und Aerosolbildung und beinhalten daher ein erhöhtes Infektionsrisiko für das Untersuchungsteam und für andere Patienten. In der aktuellen Pandemie sind daher besondere Maßnahmen bei der Durchführung bronchoskopischer Untersuchungen zu beachten, um das Infektionsrisiko zu senken.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Ethers by Catalytic Alkene Hydro­alkoxy­lation
Authors: Li Zhi , Xie Wen-Bin 
Published: April 2020

Many chiral ethers have important physiological activities. Although many asymmetric hydroalkoxylations of olefins with alcohols or phenols have been developed to make chiral ethers, challenges still remain in achieving high reactivity and selectivity over an ever-increasing diversity of alkenes and alcohols. In this review, recent developments on catalytic asymmetric alkene hydroalkoxylations are summarized based on the substitution patterns of alkenes.1	Introduction2	Asymmetric Hydroalkoxylation of Non-Activated Alkenes2.1	Intramolecular Additions2.2	Intermolecular Additions3	Asymmetric Hydroalkoxylation of Enol Ethers3.1	Intramolecular Additions3.2	Intermolecular Additions4	Asymmetric Hydroalkoxylation of α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds4.1	α,β-Unsaturated Ketones and Aldehydes as Substrates4.2	α,β-Unsaturated Esters, Amides and Carboxylic Acids as Substrates5	Asymmetric Hydroalkoxylation of Allenes5.1	Intramolecular Additions5.2	Intermolecular Additions6	Conclusion
Thrombo-Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease: An Expert Consensus Document from the Third Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis
Authors: d’Alessandro Elisa , Becker Christian , Bergmeier Wolfgang , Bode Christoph , Bourne Joshua H. , Brown Helena , Buller Harry R. , ten Cate-Hoek Arina J. , ten Cate Vincent , van Cauteren Yvonne J. M. , Cheung Yam F. H. , Cleuren Audrey , Coenen Danielle , Crijns Harry J. G. M. , de Simone Ilaria , Dolleman Sophie C. , Klein Christine Espinola , Fernandez Delia I. , Granneman Lianne , van t Hof Arnoud , Henke Peter , Henskens Yvonne M. C. , Huang Jingnan , Jennings Lisa K. , Jooss Natalie , Karel Mieke , van den Kerkhof Danique , Klok Frederik A. , Kremers Bram , Lämmle Bernhard , Leader Avi , Lundstrom Annika , Mackman Nigel , Mannucci Pier M. , Maqsood Zahra , van der Meijden Paola E. J. , van Moorsel Marc , Moran Luis A. , Morser John , van Mourik Manouk , Navarro Stefano , Neagoe Raluca A. I. , Olie Renske H. , van Paridon Pauline , Posma Jens , Provenzale Isabella , Reitsma Pieter H. , Scaf Billy , Schurgers Leon , Seelig Jaap , Siegbahn Agneta , Siegerink Bob , Soehnlein Oliver , Soriano Eva Maria , Sowa Marcin A. , Spronk Henri M. H. , Storey Robert F. , Tantiwong Chukiat , Veninga Alicia , Wang Xueqing , Watson Steve P. , Weitz Jeff , Zeerleder Sacha S. , ten Cate Hugo ,   Scientific Reviewer Committee
Published: April 2020

AbstractThrombo-inflammation describes the complex interplay between blood coagulation and inflammation that plays a critical role in cardiovascular diseases. The third Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis assembled basic, translational, and clinical scientists to discuss the origin and potential consequences of thrombo-inflammation in the etiology, diagnostics, and management of patients with cardiovascular disease, including myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral artery disease. This article presents a state-of-the-art reflection of expert opinions and consensus recommendations regarding the following topics: (1) challenges of the endothelial cell barrier; (2) circulating cells and thrombo-inflammation, focused on platelets, neutrophils, and neutrophil extracellular traps; (3) procoagulant mechanisms; (4) arterial vascular changes in atherogenesis; attenuating atherosclerosis and ischemia/reperfusion injury; (5) management of patients with arterial vascular disease; and (6) pathogenesis of venous thrombosis and late consequences of venous thromboembolism.