bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of therapeutic contact lens following Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty
Authors: Mukhija Ritika , Maharana Prafulla K , Aron Neelima , Sinha Rajesh , Sharma Namrata , Satpathy Gita , Titiyal Jeewan S , Agarwal Tushar 
Published: December 2020

Purpose:
Therapeutic contact lenses (TCL) are known to help in epithelial healing and decreasing pain after various corneal surgeries. However, literature lacks any data describing their use following Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) where intraoperative epithelial debridement is commonly performed. Here we study the efficacy and safety of TCL in patients undergoing DSAEK.

Methods:
In this prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. 40 eyes of 40 patients of pseudophakic bullous keratopathy undergoing DSAEK were enrolled and randomized into two groups, control (no TCL) and test (TCL). Primary outcome was time taken for epithelial healing and secondary outcomes were postoperative pain score, graft attachment, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, and endothelial cell loss at 3 months.

Results:
Average time taken for epithelial healing was 3.35 ± 0.49 days in the test group and 4.95 ± 1.05 days in the control group (P < 0.001). Average pain scores in first operative week were significantly lower in the test group as compared to control (P < 0.001). Graft detachment occurred in eight patients in control group and two in test group (P = 0.03). Both rebubbling rates and average endothelial cell loss at 3 months were higher in the control group with P = 0.07 and 0.06 respectively. No contact lens-related adverse effects were noted during the study period.

Conclusion:
Use of TCL in DSAEK leads to faster epithelial healing and lesser postoperative pain. In addition, it may also contribute to lower rebubbling rates and endothelial cell loss.
Erythrocyte Binding Activity of PkDBPαII of Plasmodium knowlesi Isolated from High and Low Parasitemia Cases
Authors: Mohd Bukhari Fatma Diyana , Lau Yee Ling , Fong Mun Yik 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTInvasion of Plasmodium knowlesi merozoite into human erythrocytes involves molecular interaction between the parasite’s Duffy binding protein (PkDBPαII) and the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines on the erythrocytes. This study investigates the binding activity of human erythrocyte with PkDBPαII of P. knowlesi isolates from high and low parasitemic patients in an erythrocyte binding assay. The binding activity was determined by counting the number and measuring the size of rosettes formed in the assay. The protein PkDBPαII of P. knowlesi isolated from low parasitemia cases produced significantly higher number of rosettes with human erythrocytes than high parasitemia case isolates (65.5 ± 12.9 and 17.2 ± 5.5, respectively). Interestingly, PkDBPαII of isolates from high parasitemia cases formed significantly larger rosettes with human erythrocytes than PkDBPαII of isolates from low parasitemia cases (18,000 ± 13,000 µm2 and 1,315 ± 623 µm2, respectively).
Survey Pengetahuan dan Sikap Terhadap Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga pada Perempuan Dewasa di Kecamatan Sukoharjo Kabupaten Pringsewu
Authors: Prasandi Adi , Diana Hasni 
Published: December 2020

Angka kejadian KDRT pada perempuan dewasa terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran pengetahuan dan sikap perempuan dewasa tentang Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga di Desa Sukoharjo IV Kabupaten Pringsewu Lampung. Desain penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif sederhana dengan metode analisis univariat. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 93 responden, ditentukan dengan teknik quota sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 64,5% responden memiliki pengetahuan kurang dan 54,8% responden memiliki sikap negatif terhadap KDRT. Pengetahuan kurang karena kurangnya sumber informasi, tidak berpengalaman, dan finansial terbatas. Sikap negatif dipengaruhi pengalaman significant others, budaya patriarki, dan keterbatasan akses media. Penyedia layanan kesehatan hendaknya memberikan penyuluhan dan konseling mengenai KDRT.Abstract: The number of domestic violence to women increases every year. This study's purpose was to provide an overview of the knowledge and attitudes of adult women about domestic violence in Sukoharjo IV Village, Pringsewu, Lampung. The research design was simple descriptive with univariate analysis methods. Total samples were 93 respondents; determined by quota sampling technique. The results showed 64.5% of respondents had a low level of knowledge and 54.8% of respondents have bad attitudes toward domestic violence. Less knowledge caused by inadequate resources, experienced, and finances. Significant others’ experiences, patriarchy, and limited media access influence a bad attitude. To prevent domestic violence, health service providers should provide adequate health education.
The Effectiveness and Tolerability of the High Dose Donepezil at 23 mg Tablet per Day for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Espiritu Adrian I. , Cenina Alvin Rae F. 
Published: December 2020

Objective. To assess the effectiveness and tolerability of the 23 mg tablet donepezil in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) using meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Methods. Major healthcare databases were searched from May to September 2016. Evaluation of relevant trials, assessment of risk of bias, collection and analyses of data were performed.
Results. A total of 1,774 adult participants with AD were pooled from the two trials included. Pooled data showed that after 24 weeks of treatment, no significant difference was noted between Donepezil 23 mg/day and Donepezil 10 mg/day in terms of cognitive function (1.06 SIB points [-0.13, 2.26]; 1704 participants) and in terms of global clinical assessment (-0.02 CIBIC+ points [-0.13, 0.09]; 1705 participants). The participants who took the higher dose were at higher risk to experience “any adverse event” than those who received the lower dose (1.17 RR [1.09, 1.26]; 1785 participants).
Conclusion. Current evidences do not support the routine use of Donepezil 23 mg tablet for the improvement of cognitive function and global clinical status of patients with AD. The higher dose is also marked with an increased incidence of adverse events compared to the lower dose.
Always the real the thing?
Authors: Schrijver Lara 
Published: December 2020

Walter Benjamin’s famous 1935 essay ‘The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction’ addresses the authenticity of a work of art as something beyond the merely material and technical. Benjamin constructs a broader notion of authenticity that includes ‘the life of things’ and is related to new techniques in artistic production. This broader sense of authenticity is used here to explore how it may help us to understand architecture in the age of digital reproduction. Two aspects of authenticity in Benjamin’s article are discussed: process reproduction and image reproduction.
In process reproduction, authenticity is transformed through the mediation of technical procedures. Benjamin’s analysis of photography and film is a seminal version of how the digital age raises new questions through tools and techniques such as programs, coding and algorithms. The work of Kees Christiaanse in collaboration with Ludger Hovestadt provides an example of an increasingly algorithmic approach to urban planning. In image reproduction, the question of authenticity revolves around the increasing proliferation of images. In this context, the Wangjing soho complex by Zaha Hadid and its apparent imitation by a Chinese developer proves illuminating. These projects show aspects of the changing conditions of the digital age, in which new techniques of realization may transform current notions of authenticity.
Vorm en context
Authors: Mens Noor 
Published: December 2020

Bij de waardebepaling van erfgoed speelt het begrip authenticiteit een centrale rol. Dit artikel toont aan dat dit begrip moeilijk hanteerbaar is bij jongere bouwkunst, zeker als het wordt gekoppeld aan de oorspronkelijke materialisering. Vooral als authenticiteit een voorwaarde is om een object of gebied te behouden, kan de manier waarop dit gewoonlijk wordt getoetst problemen opleveren. Anders dan men zou verwachten, is bij jonge monumenten met een moderne signatuur het behoud van de oorspronkelijke materialen problematischer dan bij oude architectuur. Dat heeft verschillende redenen.
Een ervan is de ambitie van de Moderne Beweging om gebruik te maken van experimentele bouwmethoden en nieuwe materialen. Vaak blijken die de tand des tijds niet te kunnen doorstaan. Daarnaast is het moeilijk, zo niet onmogelijk, om dergelijke experimentele materialen te behouden wanneer een gebouw moet voldoen aan hedendaagse eisen, bijvoorbeeld op het gebied van energiezuinigheid. Dat werpt de vraag op of het vervangen van authentieke bouwmaterialen bij restauraties en renovaties ten koste gaat van de erfgoedwaarden. Aan de hand van voorbeelden in Amsterdam en Rotterdam wordt aangetoond dat dit niet altijd het geval hoeft te zijn.
UJI MUTU TEPUNG BIJI NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk) DENGAN TEKNIK PEMBUATAN METODE KERING DAN METODE BASAH
Authors: Rakhmawati Erna Agung , Musdholifah Siti 
Published: December 2020

Latar belakang: Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus L) adalah salah satu jenis buah yang banyak ditanam didaerah tropis seperti Indonesia. Selama ini, bagian buah nangka yang umun dikonsumsi adalah nangka muda, nangka masak, dan bijinya. Biji nangka dapat diolah dalam bentuk tepung dan dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan pengganti sebagai sumber karbohidrat, karena dalam biji nangka terdapat karbohidrat sebanyak 36,7 gram per 100 gram. Tujuan: bertujuan untuk pembuatan tepung biji nangka dengan metode kering dan metode basah dilakukan uji untuk mengetahui organoleptik, kadar air, kadar abu dan cemaran mikroba berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia No. 3751 tahun 2009. Metode: metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu kadar air dengan metode gravimetric, kadar abu dengan metode pengabuan kering (secara langsung), uji cemaran mikroba dengan metode ALT dan metode AKK. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 300 gram dan untuk kadar air dan kadar abu dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil: Dari hasil pengujian mutu dapat dinyatakan bahwa tepung biji nangka memenuhi persyaratan mutu dari Standar Nasional Indonesia No. 3751 tahun 2009 kecuali kadar abu. Produk tepung biji nangka pada metode kering memiliki hasil uji organoleptik bentuk serbuk, bau khas tepung , warna putih kecoklatan, kadar air 7,5%, kadar abu 1,11%, ALT 15,5 × 103 koloni/gram, AKK 70 × 102 koloni/gram. Merode basah memiliki hasil uji organoleptik bentuk serbuk, bau khas tepung, warna putih kekuningan, kadar air 8,4%, kadar abu 1,45%, ALT 19 × 101 koloni/gram, AKK 34 × 103 koloni/gram. Simpulan dan saran: hasil Uji tepung nangka sebagian besar memenuhi persyaratan, kecuali pada kadar aby. Karena melebihi persyaratan. Diharapkan dapat dilakukan uji mutu lainnya
A new criterion for determining the representative elementary volume of translucent porous media and inner contaminant
Authors: Wu Ming , Wu Jianfeng , Wu Jichun , Hu Bill X. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Representative elementary volume (REV) is essential for measuring and quantifying the effective parameters of a complex heterogeneous medium. To overcome the
limitations of the existing REV estimation criteria, a new REV estimation
criterion (χi) based on dimensionless range and gradient calculation is proposed in this study to estimate the REV of a translucent material based on light transmission techniques. Three sandbox experiments are performed to estimate REVs of porosity, density, tortuosity, and perchloroethylene (PCE) plume using multiple REV estimation criteria. In
comparison with χi, previous REV estimation criteria based on the
coefficient of variation (CVi), the entropy dimension (DIi) and the relative gradient error (εgi) are tested in REV quantification of translucent silica and the inner PCE plume to achieve their corresponding effects. Results suggest that the new criterion (χi) can effectively identify the REV in the materials, whereas the coefficient of variation and entropy dimension (F=-2.01×10-12+12π×1.50e-(REV-4.35)22⋅1.502)
are not effective. The relative gradient error can make the REV plateau obvious, while random fluctuations make the REV plateau difficult to identify accurately. Therefore, the new criterion is appropriate for REV estimation
of the translucent materials and inner contaminant. Models are built based
on a Gaussian equation to simulate the distribution of REVs for media properties, whose frequency of REV is dense in the middle and sparse on both sides. REV estimation of the PCE plume indicates that a high level of porosity leads to a large value of mean and standard deviation for REVs of PCE saturation (So) and PCE–water interfacial area (AOW). Fitted equations are derived from distribution of REVs for the PCE plume related to dm (distances from mass center to considered point) and dI (distances from injection position to considered point). Moreover, relationships between REVs of the PCE plume and So are fitted using regression analysis. Results suggest a decreasing trend appears for So-REV when So increases, while AOW-REV increases with increasing So.
Quantification of the radiative impact of light-absorbing particles during two contrasted snow seasons at Col du Lautaret (2058 m a.s.l., French Alps)
Authors: Tuzet François , Dumont Marie , Picard Ghislain , Lamare Maxim , Voisin Didier , Nabat Pierre , Lafaysse Mathieu , Larue Fanny , Revuelto Jesus , Arnaud Laurent 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The presence of light-absorbing particles (LAPs) in snow leads to a decrease in short-wave albedo affecting the surface energy budget. However, the understanding of the impacts of LAPs is hampered by the lack of dedicated datasets, as well as the scarcity of models able to represent the interactions between LAPs and snow metamorphism. The present study aims to address both these limitations by introducing a survey of LAP concentrations over two snow seasons in the French Alps and an estimation of their impacts based on the Crocus snowpack model that represents the complex interplays between LAP dynamics and snow metamorphism. First, a unique dataset collected at Col du Lautaret (2058 m a.s.l., above sea level, French Alps) for the two snow seasons 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 is presented. This dataset consists of spectral albedo measurements, vertical profiles of snow specific surface area (SSA), density and concentrations of different LAP species. Spectral albedos are processed to estimate SSA and LAP absorption-equivalent concentrations near the surface of the snowpack. These estimates are then compared to chemical measurements of LAP concentrations and SSA measurements. Our dataset highlights, among others, large discrepancies between two measurement techniques of black carbon (BC) concentrations in snow (namely thermal-optical and laser-induced incandescence). Second, we present ensemble snowpack simulations of the multi-physics version of the detailed snowpack model Crocus, forced with in situ meteorological data, as well as dust and BC deposition fluxes from an atmospheric model. The temporal variations of near-surface LAP concentrations and SSA are most of the time correctly simulated. The simulated seasonal radiative forcing of LAPs is 33 % higher for the 2017–2018 snow season than for the 2016–2017 one, highlighting a strong variability between these two seasons. However, the shortening of the snow season caused by LAPs is similar with 10 ± 5 and 11 ± 1 d for the first and the second snow seasons, respectively. This counter-intuitive result is attributed to two small snowfalls at the end of the first season and highlights the importance in accounting for meteorological conditions to correctly predict the impact of LAPs. The strong variability of season shortening caused by LAPs in the multi-physics ensemble for the first season (10 ± 5 d) also points out the sensitivity of model-based estimations of LAP impact on modelling uncertainties of other processes. Finally, the indirect impact of LAPs (i.e. the enhancement of energy absorption due to the acceleration of the metamorphism by LAPs) is negligible for the 2 years considered here, which is contrary to what was found in previous studies for other sites.
Exploring the 4-H Thriving Model: A Commentary Through an Equity Lens
Authors: Fields Nia Imani 
Published: December 2020

Many youth-serving organizations across the nation have made commitments to enhance their ability to better engage diverse communities with equity and inclusion at the fore. For many youth programs, there is a need to better align youth, adult leaders, and curriculum with the diverse needs and social conditions of the country. In their article, Professors Arnold and Gagnon describe the most recent iteration of a theory of change for 4-H, a national youth-serving organization that offers a variety of PYD programs. 4‑H recognizes the critical need to reach the most marginalized communities, yet the opportunity gap that exists in its programming cannot be fully addressed if an equity lens is not applied to the systematic analysis and delivery of programs. In this commentary, I critique the 4-H Thriving Model through an equity lens and, in doing so, explain the key terms and theories necessary for stakeholders to understand in order to promote equity in the youth sector.
Diagnóstico de la situación actual de las pequeñas y medianas empresas productoras de queso en el casco urbano de la ciudad de Estelí
Authors: Zelaya Lanuza Donald Samuel 
Published: December 2020

Este estudio analiza la situación de los procesos de producción de queso de las MIPYMES de la industria láctea situadas en el casco urbano del municipio de Estelí durante el año 2019, de manera que sirva como punto de partida para la propuesta de estrategias de mejora a dichas empresas. Esta investigación es aplicada y cualitativa, siendo la población y muestra objeto de estudio cuatro lecherías del municipio, se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a propietarios y colaboradores, con lo que se pretendió identificar aspectos generales, técnicos y gerenciales. Encontrándose que las principales fortalezas que presentan dichas industrias se centran en habilidades y capacidades con respecto al procesamiento de la leche fresca, mientras que las debilidades son a causa de la poca tecnificación en la producción.
Fomento para pesquisas de nanobiotecnologia a partir de compromisso de ajustamento de conduta e sob a ótica da biopolítica
Authors: Dias Jefferson Aparecido , Nunes Geilson , Ferrer Walkiria Martinez Heinrich 
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetvo demonstrar como o fomento de pesquisas de nanobiotecnobiologia pode ser realizado por meio de compromisso de ajustamento de conduta, aqui analisado sob a ótica da biopolítica. Para cumprir esse objetivo, inicialmente será apresentada a biopolítica, concebida tanto como mecanismo que visa produzir corpos dóceis, como, também, estratégia pela qual a vida pode assumir o seu papel de protagonismo em relação ao poder. Além disso, por meio da análise de um caso concreto no qual os recursos advindos de um compromisso de ajustamento foram utillizados na realização de pesquisas de nanobiotecnologia em uma universidade federal, será defendido o estabelecimento de um parâmetro que poderá ser utilizado em outras situações visando o fomento de pesquisas, sob a ótica da biopolitica. O trabalho foi realizado a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e exploratória, por meio da revisão de textos doutrinários, normativos e judiciais, utilizando-se do método dedutivo.
The Impact of Incidental and Intentional L2 Vocabulary Learning on Depths and Breadth Dimensions of Vocabulary Knowledge
Authors: Mirghasempoor Ahmadi Seyyed Rasool 
Published: December 2020

Through the introduction of different dimensions of vocabulary knowledge, various studies attempted to examine numerous effective factors on these dimensions. The present study aimed to show the effects of different vocabulary learning styles through extensive and intensive reading programs on depth and breadth aspects of vocabulary knowledge. To achieve this goal, 45 sophomore undergraduate students of English language teaching and translation in Payam-e-Noor University participated in this study. Initially, in order to homogenize the learners based on their level of language proficiency, MEPT was administered. Then, by measuring the mean and standard deviation of participants’ scores, the number of participants reduced to 35. The ultimate subjects’ scores on the reading comprehension items of MEPT show that they are all at the intermediate level of reading ability. Participants divided into three experimental groups randomly: two groups were in the extensive reading program with different form-focused and meaning-focused tasks as incidental vocabulary learning style. And the third group was in the intensive reading program as intentional vocabulary learning style. Participants in these experimental groups read long stories or passages per week with ten goal-oriented words. After 8 weeks, Word Associates Test (WAT) and Vocabulary Knowledge Scale (VKS) were administered to measure the acquired knowledge of new words and also, determining the effects of various learning styles on different dimensions of vocabulary knowledge. The results of Paired-samples and Independent T-tests revealed that both incidental and intentional groups developed in the period between the pre- and post-test, but, there was a significant difference between the effects of incidental vocabulary learning in the form of ER program and intentional vocabulary learning in the form of IR program. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the effects of the form-focused and meaning-focused task.
FINAL-NASAL DELETION IN AKAN (ASANTE TWI) REDUPLICATION
Authors: Adomako Kwasi 
Published: December 2020

In this paper, I examine the phenomenon of reduplicant-nasal deletion observed in some reduplicative prefixes of Akan (a Niger-Congo, Kwa language). In the Akan phonology, nasals are among non-vowel sonorants that are permitted syllable or word-finally (Dolphyne 1988, Abakah 2005). However, it is observed that these nasals, particularly [m], are sometimes deleted in some reduplicants final position. In this paper, I show that verb bases of CVN or CVVN structures are of two different morphemic structures in the underlying representation; monomorphemic verb base and bimorphemic verb base. The latter structure, on which this paper focuses, has the composition: morpheme1 + morpheme2. It is observed that while the former preserve their ‘final’ nasals in the reduplicants, the latter lose them in their reduplicants. We analyse this phonological phenomenon as resulting from the language’s desire to satisfy a high-ranking template satisfaction constraint (after McCarthy and Prince 1994a) within the Optimality Theory framework. Keywords: Nasal deletion, Akan, reduplication, Optimality Theory, phonology.