bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O caso das Bruxas de Salem e a origem do plea bargaining norte-americano: contrapondo o entendimento dicotômico dos sistemas processuais penais
Authors: Ribeiro Sarah , Régnier Chemim Guimarães Rodrigo 
Published: June 2020

A questão que move o presente artigo é: pode o plea bargainingnorte-americano ter sido originado por meios considerados pela doutrina contemporânea como predominantemente "inquisitórios"? Em caso afirmativo, e considerando que 95% dos casos naquele país se resolvem pelo plea bargaining, faz sentido seguir dizendo que o sistema processual penal dos Estados Unidos da América seja "acusatório"? E mais: desconstruídos os rótulos que predominam na doutrina em torno desse tema, faz sentido insistir no emprego da dicotomia dos sistemas processuais penais, em acusatório versusinquisitório, notadamente na discussão da adoção de modelos processuais inspirados no plea bargainingnorte-americano? Essas perguntas pretendem ser respondidas a partir da reconstrução histórica do plea bargainingnos Estados Unidos, o que remonta à sua colonização puritana, seu apego a disputas econômicas e às práticas introduzidas no século XVII, cuja expressão primitiva se encontra no famoso julgamento das “bruxas de Salem”, em Massachussets. O artigo, então, explora como as coisas se deram nesse caso, identificando a semelhança entre os métodos utilizados no julgamento das bruxas de Salem e no moderno plea bargaining.A tortura física e psicológica, esta vinculada à possibilidade de duras penas, que atemorizavam os acusados de heresia nos processos da inquisição medieval, assim como a sua parca possibilidade de defesa, também foram encontradas nos julgamentos das bruxas de Salem. Assim, o que se percebe é que se perpetuou um modelo de justiça criminal tachado como "inquisitorial" pela transmissão cultural, como uma herança medieval em parcelas do processo penal norte-americano. Isso evidencia que não há rigidez conceitual acerca dos sistemas processuais penais contradizendo significativa parcela da doutrina contemporânea que segue se apegando à dicotomia inquisitório versusacusatório. E permite avançar para, desvinculando-se dessa amarração dicotômica doutrinária, que é própria das pretensões de organização científica do século XIX na Europa, e que de lá para cá vem promovendo uma visão dualista e que não aceita enxergar nada para além dos rótulos antagônicos de inquisitório ou acusatório, indagar se é conveniente, ou não e em que termos à luz da Constituição da República de 1988, adotar-se, no Brasil modelos inspirados no plea bargainingestadunidense.
Sequestro dos proventos do crime: limites à solidariedade na decretação de medidas assecuratórias
Authors: Lucchesi Guilherme Brenner , Navarro Zonta Ivan 
Published: June 2020

O cenário atual do combate à criminalidade organizada e institucionalizada acentua o fenômeno da patrimonialização do direito penal. Nesse contexto, é importante, tanto para a repressão de crimes quanto para o devido respeito a direitos fundamentais do imputado, que se observem o uso adequado e os limites das medidas assecuratórias previstas no Código de Processo Penal. Tais medidas referem-se às finalidades estabelecidas pelo Código Penal de tornar certa a obrigação de reparar o dano e de decretação de perdimento dos instrumentos, produtos e proventos do crime. Quando se trata de crimes cometidos em coautoria, deve haver limitação do quantum patrimonial que poderá ser alcançado pelas medidas assecuratórias quanto a cada imputado. Diferentemente da obrigação de reparar o dano, a qual possui natureza solidária por expressa previsão do Código Civil, o perdimento deve observar estritos limites subjetivos, em respeito à intranscendência da pena. Por conseguinte, o sequestro, medida assecuratória que visa constringir bens que, ao final, serão atingidos pelo perdimento, deverá respeitar o limite do enriquecimento ilícito efetivamente percebido por um agente delituoso específico, inexistindo solidariedade entre codenunciados nesse ponto.
Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Umur 2-5 Tahun Di Puskesmas Biromaru
Authors: Imelda Imelda , Rahman Nurdin , Nur Rosmala 
Published: June 2020

Pendahuluan & Tujuan: Stunting merupakan suatu kondisi terganggunya pertumbuhan pada anak yang disebabkan oleh malnutrisi kronik. Prevalensi stunting di Kabupaten Sigi sebanyak 45,20 % (2015) dan kejadian stunting di Puskesmas Biromaru untuk anak umur 2-5 sebanyak 60 kasus (2017). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada anak umur 2-5 tahun. Bahan dan Metode: Jenis penelitian survey analitik dengan rancangan Case Control. Cara pengambilan sampel kasus dengan cara total sampling dan sampel kontrol purposive sampling berdasarkan pertimbangan tertentu dengan perbandingan 1:2, dengan sampel kasus pada penelitian ini sebanyak 60 anak dan sampel kontrol sebanyak 120, setiap sampel yang dipilih berdasarkan umur sebagai matching. Derajat stunting dinyatakan dengan z-score tinggi badan menurut umur. Data imunisasi dasar lengkap, pola asuh praktik pemberian makan, berat badan lahir rendah dan garam beryodium yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan test yodium. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu odd ratio dengan tingkat kemaknaan 95%. Hasil: Imunisasi dasar lengkap OR 7,667 (CI 95% 3,753-15,662), pola asuh praktik pemberian makan OR 30,565 (CI 95% 9,043-103,314), berat badan lahir rendah OR 6,956 (CI 95% 4,446-14,104) dan garam beryodium OR 8,632 (CI 95% 4,268-17,456) merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting dan mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna. Kesimpulan: Pola asuh praktik pemberian makan merupakan faktorutama terhadap kejadian stunting dengan OR 30,565
Karakteristik dan Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Nifas Tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD)
Authors: Kurnia Kurnia 
Published: June 2020

Latar Belakang: ASI merupakan makanan yang terbaik untuk bayi namun cakupan ASI eksklusif masih tidak sesuai dengan standar target nasional (minimal 80%). Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang inisiasi menyusu dini. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif dengan populasi ibu nifas berjumlah 29 orang di Bidan Praktek Mandiri Murni Basri pada tahun 2018. Teknik pengumpulan sampel dilakukan dengan cara Total Sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner secara terstruktur kepada responden.Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari 15 pertanyaan berbentuk multiplechoice. Hasil: Karakteristik Ibu nifas yaitu umur yang tertinggi yaitu 30-33 tahun (27,6%), pendidikan yaitu kelompok pendidikan SMA (48,3%), pekerjaan sebagai Ibu Rumah Tangga (93,1%), dan jumlah anak yaitu 1 anak (55,2%). Pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) sebagian besar dikategorikan masih kurang(55,17%). Kesimpulan: Secara umur ibu nifas sudah berumur > 30 tahun dengan pendidikan termasuk kategori tinggi dan bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga serta pengetahuan ibu nifas tentang Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) sebagian besar dikategorikan masih kurang.
Validitas dan Reliabilitas Kuesioner Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Gizi Seimbang Pada Remaja
Authors: Nuryani Nuryani 
Published: June 2020

Pengetahuan, sikap dan praktek gizi seimbang akan berdampak terhadap status gizi remaja, sehingga dibutuhkan instrument pengukuran yang sudah teruji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku gizi seimbang pada kelompok remaja. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif dilakukan di SMPN 02 Limboto dengan jumlah sampel 30 siswa diambil secara accidental sampling. Analisis data validitas mengunakan korelasi pearson, sementara uji reliabilitas menggunakan internal reliability (cronbach α) dan eksternal reliability (test – retest) yang dilakukan berselang 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 21 item pertanyaan pengetahuan gizi terdapat 2 item pertanyaan yang tidak valid, 27 item pertanyaan Que CA terdapat 2 item yang tidak valid, 15 item pernyataan sikap gizi seimbang terdapat 2 item yang tidak valid, 13 item pernyataan perilaku gizi seimbang yang valid. Uji internal reliability pengetahuan gizi seimbang, pengetahuan Ques CA, sikap dan perilaku gizi seimbang (cronbachα = 0,687; 0,653; 0,680 dan 0,725 berturut – turut), eksternal reliability dengan test – retest pengetahuan gizi seimbang, pengetahuan Ques CA, sikap dan perilaku gizi seimbang (r = 0,564; 0,642; 0,233 dan 0,683 secara berturut – turut), tidak terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan rata – rata skor pada pengukuran test 1 dengan tes 2. Kesimpulan validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner tergolong baik.
Efektivitas Intervensi Pendidikan Gizi Pada Program Suplementasi Besi Terhadap Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku
Authors: Rahmiati Baiq Fitria , Naktiany Wayan Canny , Ardian Junendri 
Published: June 2020

Anemia merupakan masalah gizi mikro yang banyak terjadi di seluruh dunia terutama pada kelompok usia remaja putri. Prevalensi anemia pada remaja putri sampai 22.2% (Riskesdas 2013). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pendidikan gizi pada siswa terkait pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku terhadap suplementasi tablet tambah darah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimen dengan intervensi pendidikan gizi pada remaja putri tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas pada bulan September 2019. Analisis data menggunakan uji t test untuk melihat keberhasilan pendidikan gizi setelah diberikan intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan yang signifikan dalam nilai dan tingkat pengetahuan dari remaja putri (p <0,05), nilai sikap dari remaja putri (p <0,05). Jumlah konsumsi tablet tambah darah meningkat setelah pemberian edukasi gizi. Dengan demikian intervensi pendidikan gizi dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan kepatuhan mengonsumsi tablet tambah darah pada remaja putri.
A REVIEW OF LEGAL PROBLEMS IN MALAYSIAN STRICT PRODUCT LIABILITY LAW – MAQASID SYARIAH AS A WAY FORWARD
Authors: Mohd Shukri Muhammad Hafiz , Markom Ruzian , Ismail Rahmah 
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose: Consumers who suffer from injury or property damage due to the existence of a defect in a given product is entitled to bring a legal action in court based on product liability law provisions in Malaysia. This study aims to analyse the legal problems of strict civil liability in product liability law in Malaysia based on the Consumer Protection Act 1999 (Act 599) (hereinafter “CPA 1999”).

Methodology: By applying a doctrinal approach based on qualitative methodology of legal research, this study involved a thorough analysis of the CPA 1999 as well as previous court cases. The findings of this study were analysed using content analysis and critical analysis methods in order to record the similarities and differences which exist, as well as to draw conclusions on the meaning and application of the said law.

Findings: The findings prove that there are several weaknesses in the existing strict civil product liability provisions in Malaysia, which are still unresolved in terms of the meaning of product defect and proof of causation.

Contribution: This paper recommends that any improvements on the legal provisions for strict civil liability under product liability law in Malaysia to be evaluated from a different perspective based on Islamic principles of product liability and the theory of Maqasid Syariah, which has rarely been analysed.

Keywords: Causation, doctrinal, Maqasid Syariah, product liability, strict civil liability.

Cite as: Mohd Shukri, M. H., Ismail, R., & Markom, R. (2020). A review of legal problems in Malaysian strict product liability law – Maqasid Syariah as a way forward. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(2), 239-260. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss2pp239-260
ILLEGAL LOGGING AND FOREST OFFENCES IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: PERCEIVED OPPORTUNITY FACTORS
Authors: Noor Muhammad Nur Haniff Mohd , Kadir Rokiah , Muhamad Suriyani 
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose: A model by the World Bank (2006) explained the causes of illegal logging and environmental crimes in terms of the simultaneous presence of methods, motives, and opportunities. This paper aims to examine the opportunity factors behind the commission of illegal logging and forest offences in Malaysia based on the perceptions of forest enforcement agencies.

Methodology: Responses from the agencies were mainly obtained through a set of questionnaire though semi-structured interviews were also carried out to support the quantitative findings. The strength of the factors was determined through data analysis using SPSS, where opportunity factors for committing illegal logging were analyzed according to the results of measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion.

Findings: Insufficient enforcement facilities and equipment were found in the study to be the most significant factors which present opportunities for committing the offences. Respondents also perceived the level of enforcement, cooperation between government agencies and the possibility of conviction as the factors which open up opportunities for illegal logging and forest offences.

Contributions: The results of the study may help create awareness and provide inputs for policy makers to formulate appropriate policy responses to curb illegal logging and other forest crimes.

Keywords: Environmental crime, illegal logging, opportunity factors, policy response, Act 313.

Cite as: Mohd Noor, M. N. H, Kadir, R., & Muhamad, S. (2020). Illegal logging and forest offences in peninsular Malaysia: Perceived opportunity factors. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(2), 86-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss2pp86-102
Relationship of preoperative NT-pro BNP with clinical, perioperative and prognostic markers in cardiac surgery: Preliminary study results
Authors: Akhmedova Irina , Kudaiberdiev Taalaibek , Abibillaev Damirbek , Zhooshev Akylbek , Zaripov Dolonbek , Tilemanbetova Kayirnisa , Naizabekova Guliza 
Published: June 2020

Objective: We aimed to define the relationship of preoperative N-terminal-pro-brain type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) testing in routine practice of cardiac surgery with clinical, perioperative variables, surgical outcomes and complications in pediatric and adult cardiac surgery patients. In addition, we assessed relationship of NT-pro-BNP with EuroSCORE II in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: A total of 48 patients who underwent cardiac surgery in our institution were enrolled into this retrospective observational cohort study. According to age aspects pediatric (PG, n=20) and adult (AG, n=28) group of patients were separately evaluated. Each group further was categorized into two subgroups (group 1 and 2) on the basis of cut-off points of NT-pro-BNP level (430 and 250pg/ml in adults and children, respectively). Preoperative NT-pro- BNP was obtained from patients. Statistical tests were conducted to reveal differences in clinical and perioperative variables among NT-pro-BNP groups and relationship of the assay with baseline clinical and operative parameters, as well as postoperative outcomes. Results: In adults undergoing cardiac surgery, statistically significant differences were found between groups with low and high levels of NT-pro-BNP by NYHA classes (I to III, p˂0.001), body mass index (BMI) values (mean (SD) -31.7(3.15) vs 25.9 (3.8) kg/cm2, p=0.017), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (111.4 (26.4) vs 77.9 (22.4) ml/min/1.73m2, p=0.036), moderately impaired renal function (20% vs 72.7%, p=0.049), need for inotropes (28.6% vs 86.7%, p=0.006), and mean EuroSCORE II (0.81 (0.19) vs 1.7 (0.5), p=0.008). There was the positive significant correlation of NT-pro-BNP levels with EuroSCORE II, NYHA class, need for inotropes, renal function and left ventricular (LV) function categories, while its negative correlation was found with BMI, LV ejection fraction and eGFR parameters. In PG – NT-pro-BNP was negatively correlated with age, body surface area, LV end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions. Conclusion: In adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery, preoperative NT-pro-BNP level correlated well with several baseline and clinical-operative parameters, including BMI, renal and LV function, NYHA class, need for inotropes support, and EuroSCORE II. Further studies are needed to define its exact diagnostic and prognostic significance in pediatric patients.
Primary myxoid temporal bone tumor: A rare neurosurgical manifestation of Carney complex?
Authors: Mbadugha Tobechi Nwankwo , Kanaya Kohei , Horiuchi Tetsuyoshi , Iwaya Mai , Ohaegbulam Samuel Chukwunonyerem , Hongo Kazuhiro 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Carney complex (CNC) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome, manifesting mainly with cardiac, cutaneous, and mucosal myxomas. Osteochondromyxoma is known as an extremely rare bone lesion of CNC which usually appears early in life; however, there were no reports of primary bone myxoma of the skull in the patients with CNC. We present the first case of primary myxoid skull tumor in the patient with CNC.

Case Description:
We report the left temporal bone tumor with significant intracranial mass effect in a 58-year- old woman already diagnosed with CNC. Complete resection of the tumor with skull bone reconstruction was carried out. Pathological diagnosis was labeled the lesion as an atypical myxoid spindle cell neoplasm. The features were different from atrial myxoma and osteochondromyxoma which has been described in CNC. There have been no signs of recurrence in 9 years follow-up.

Conclusion:
To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports of the primary myxoid tumors in the skull in the patients with CNC. This paper highlighted a possible important association between CNC and primary intracranial myxoid tumors.
Comparative metrics of neurosurgical scientific journals: What do they mean to readers?
Authors: Ausman James I. , Epstein Nancy , West James L. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
In regard to scientific information, are we effectively reaching the universe of physicians in the 21st century, all of whom have different backgrounds, practice environments, educational experiences, and varying degrees of research knowledge?

Methods:
A comparison of the top nine neurosurgery journals based on various popular citation indices and also on the digital metric, Readers (Users)/month, was compiled from available metrics and from internet sources.

Results:
Major differences in the ranking of the Readers (Users)/month metrics compared to ranking of the various citation indices were found. It is obvious that the citation indices do not measure the number of readers of a publication. Which metric should be used in judging the value of a scientific paper? The answer to that question relates to what the interest of the reader has in the scientific information. It appears that the academic scientist may have a different reason for reading a scientific publication than a physician caring for a patient.

Conclusions:
There needs to be more than one type of metric that measures the value and “Impact” of a scientific paper based on how physicians learn.
Optimum concentration of iodine contrast agent injection for best stent visualization using Neuroform Atlas stent during stent-assisted coil embolization: Case reviews based on in vitro experiments
Authors: Aketa Shuta , Wajima Daisuke , Kiyomoto Masayoshi , Izumi Natsuhiko , Yonezawa Taiji 
Published: June 2020

Background:
The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of contrast agent concentration (Conc) on the visibility of Neuroform Atlas in vitro and in clinical cases.

Methods:
A plastic tube was filled with several Conc. in saline (experiment 1) and blood (experiment 2). Thereafter, the Neuroform Atlas was placed around the plastic tube in an acrylic shield case. In experiment 3, the Neuroform Atlas was placed in the internal carotid artery of the endo vascular evaluator endovascular training system with an injection of several Conc in saline. Five slices of the axial images obtained using the 3D-cone-beam computed tomography (3D-CBCT) with the digital subtraction angiography system were evaluated. A 1-cm2 circular center, which showed the contrast agent in saline or blood, was determined as the region of interest, and its pixels were evaluated.

Results:
Radiation density (Rd) was directly proportional to the contrast agent in saline and blood (experiment 1: (Rd (pixel)) = 6.8495 × (concentration (%)) + 152.72 (R2 = 0.99), experiment 2: (Rd (pixel)) = 6.2485 × (concentration (%)) + 167.42 (R2 = 0.9966), experiment 3: (Rd (pixel)) = 10.287 × (concentration (%)) + 108.26 (R2 = 0.993)]. Rd calculated similarly in our cases (concentration varied from 5% to 8%) was between the range of “Rd of experiment 2” and “Rd of experiment 3.”

Conclusion:
Based on our in vitro experiments, with 5–8% concentration, Neuroform Atlas stent deployment with complete neck coverage by the bulging stent and wall apposition was visualized on 3D-CBCT.
Symptomatic cerebral vasospasm in the setting of carmustine wafer placement for glioblastoma: A case presentation and review of literature
Authors: Khan Maheen Qamar , Cirjan Cristian , Quadri Nabiha , Alexopoulos Georgios , Coppens Jeroen 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Gliadel placement in glioblastoma resection, particularly with concurrent chemoradiation, has demonstrated an improvement in survival. There have been several reported adverse effects, some of which lend to significantly increased morbidity and mortality. With only two other cases described in literature, cerebral vasospasm secondary to carmustine-impregnated wafers is an extremely rare side effect.

Case Description:
We report the case of a 51-year-old female who presented with the left lower limb paresis 8 days after high-grade glioma resection provoked by carmustine wafer placement.

Conclusion:
We urge surgeons to reconsider placement of carmustine wafers in nations where the surgical resection cavity includes exposed large cerebral vasculature. We also propose the early identification of this devastating complication in the postoperative period by maintaining a high clinical suspicion and prompt utilization of computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography in the management and treatment of these patients accordingly.