bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF A COLLABORATION WITH CLINICAL PHARMACISTS ON OSTEOPOROSIS TREATMENT RATES
Authors: Levis Silvina , Lagari Violet , Garcia Maribel , Kwok Sue , Salazar Martha 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Despite the availability of effective drugs to treat osteoporosis, many patients remain untreated and at high risk for developing a fracture. To improve treatment rates, we included clinical pharmacists in the management of patients with osteoporosis. Over 6 months, 30 days after bone mineral density (BMD) results became available to the ordering physician, all patients with an abnormal BMD were evaluated for management according to guidelines if they had not been approached for care. One of three clinical pharmacists discussed patients with the team that included an endocrinologist and a geriatrician. The team made recommendations and pharmacists followed-up by calling patients and prescribing medications. After excluding those who were already on treatment or did not have an indication, 87 patients qualified: 57 (66%) had T-score ≤-2.5, 19 (22%) had osteopenia and high FRAX score, and 11 (12%) osteopenia by BMD and a fragility fracture. After 30 days, the ordering physicians had treated 32/87 (37%) of patients with an indication: 26/57 (46%) patients with T-score ≤-2.5, 1/19 (2%) with high FRAX, and 5/11 (50%) with fractures. After the pharmacists’ intervention, an additional 33/87 (38%) patients were on treatment: 16 with T-score ≤-2.5; 14 with high FRAX, and 3 with fractures; 6 patients were unreachable, 9 declined, and 6 were referred to endocrinology for work-up. By the end of the 6-month period, 75% of patients with an indication received osteoporosis treatment. These results suggest that an osteoporosis intervention employing clinical pharmacists as part of a multidisciplinary team effectively improves osteoporosis treatment rates.
MEASUREMENT EQUIVALENCE OF THE KESSLER 6 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS SCALE FOR OLDER ASIAN IMMIGRANT SUBGROUPS
Authors: Shon En-Jung 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Kessler 6 (K6) Psychological Distress Scale is a well-known screening instrument to screen for psychological distress of general population. While some studies (e.g., Mitchell & Beals, 2011) concluded that the K6 was appropriate for capturing psychological distress of diverse racial/ethnic groups, other studies (e.g., Andersen et al., 2011) reported that it was less successful in screening for psychological distress of diverse racial/ethnic groups. Few studies conducted measurement equivalence test across older Asian immigrant subgroups. Using Multiple Group Analysis, this study examined whether parameters of the single factor model (items: nervous, hopeless, restless or fidgety, so depressed, everything was an effort, and worthless) is equivalent across the two Asian immigrants (≥65 years; Chinese [n=175] and Korean [n=300] immigrants). Data were generated from the California Health Interview Survey. The configural model showed good fit (X2=41.70 [df=16, p&lt;.001], X 2/df=2.61, CFI=.98, GFI=.97, RMSEA=.06 [90% CI=.04-.08], and SRMR=.04). When all factor loadings were constrained, it indicated measurement non-invariance status between Chinese and Koran (ΔX 2=17.86, Δdf=5, p=.003, CFI=.972, ΔCFI=.009). Given findings of non-invariance on the full constrained model, the invariance test of each factor loading was performed additionally. It was focused on evaluating which items were similar or different across the two groups. The three items, ‘hopeless,’ ‘restless,’ and ‘depress,’ were significantly nonequivalent between the two groups. Clinicians/researchers should aware of the potential risk for misclassification when they try to screen for psychological distress in older Chinese or Korean immigrants. Professionals should pay attention to cross-cultural comparability when interpreting results from the K6.
DISABILITY IN PRISON ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING AND DEPRESSION IN OLDER PRISONERS: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Barry Lisa C , Wakefield Dorothy , Steffens David C , Conwell Yeates 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The U.S. prison population is aging; more persons are being incarcerated in the second half of life and are aging “in place.” In the first prospective study to evaluate older prisoners’ mental health (Aging INSIDE), we determined if disability in activities of daily living specific to prison, prison activities of daily living (PADLs), predicts depression in this vulnerable population. To date, 134 older prisoners (age ≥50) sentenced at 9 Connecticut correctional facilities completed in-person interviews (baseline and one-year follow-up). A score of ≥10 on the 9-item Physician Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) indicated depression. Participants were considered to have PADL disability if they reported any of the following as “very difficult” or “cannot do”: climbing on/off the top bunk (34%), cleaning their cell (5%), hearing orders (6%), walking while wearing handcuffs (33%) or shackles (34%), standing in line for medications (4%), and walking to chow (5%). Participants were mean age 57.0±6.6 years (range 50-79 years), racially diverse (43% White, 38% Black, 19% Hispanic/Other), 69 (50%) had PADL disability, and 35 (25%) were depressed at follow-up. Using logistic regression and controlling for gender, number of chronic conditions, lifetime suicide attempt, and baseline depression, baseline PADL disability was associated with depression one year later (OR = 3.41; 95%CI = 1.16, 9.97). As depression is a strong risk factor for subsequent suicide, and given the high rate of suicide among older prisoners in the U.S., these preliminary results indicate that PADL assessment may offer a simple means of identifying older prisoners at risk of depression.
METABOLIC INTEGRITY – A FACTOR IN AGING AND A PLAYER IN THE MECHANISMS OF CR
Authors: Anderson Rozalyn 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An emerging paradigm in aging research identifies metabolic dysfunction as a root cause in age-related disease vulnerability. Several diseases of aging, including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegeneration, have an established metabolic component. Our studies have focused on links between metabolic status and disease vulnerability. Caloric restriction (CR) delays aging and the onset of age-related disease in diverse species, including nonhuman primates. Molecular profiling identifies CR responsive elements in the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome that are highly enriched for metabolic pathways and in particular mitochondrial processes. These data show that improvements in health and survival are associated with maintenance of system wide metabolic homeostasis and preserved energy metabolism among tissues. Metabolic biomarkers identified in these studies may be clinically relevant for the early identification of elevated disease risk in humans and could even be potential targets for the development of novel strategies to lower disease vulnerability as a function of age.
THE EFFECTS OF IMMIGRANT STATUS ON WELL-BEING AMONG OLDER ADULTS BY RACE-ETHNICITY: A MULTI-GROUP ANALYSIS
Authors: Moon Heehyul , Kim Hyesook , Rote Sunshine , Haley William E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Although prior researchers have decried the lack of research on racial/ethnic minority older adults, they have been less vocal about the gaps in research concerning the ways in which immigrant status and race/ethnicity affect their well-being. Thus, we examined the role of immigrant status on the stress coping process by race/ethnicity using the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping. The multi-group analysis function in structural equation modeling was used to determine whether the stress coping process was equivalent across three racial/ethnic groups (Non-Hispanic White (NHW), Non-Hispanic Black(NHB), and Hispanic) by immigrant status using the Round 1 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS, (U.S.-born= 4,799, foreign-born=612)). We found that immigrant status and race/ethnicity may have complex effects on the stress coping process. For example, the total effects of being an immigrant were significantly associated with more stressors, less resources, and worse physical health. Except NHW, the total effects of being immigrant were associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety. With respect to the direct and indirect effect of immigrant status in the three groups, the Hispanic group has a larger effect of immigrant status on stressors, resources, depression/anxiety and physical health than their NHW and NHB counterparts. The results indicated that immigrant racial/ethnic minority older adults were more likely to have higher levels of depression and anxiety than the U.S.-born except for NHW. Immigrant status will require special attention in both assessment and management of depression/anxiety among racial/ethnicity minority older adults.
PAIN THAT LIMITS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AFFECTS COGNITION IN ADULTS
Authors: Elliott Amanda F , Horgas Ann 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Reduced cognitive skills have been observed in adults with chronic pain. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between pain and cognition in adults utilizing a large national sample. This was a cross-sectional study employing the 2015 wave of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). A total of 134,058 adults had complete data on the variables of interest for this study. Half of the sample (50%; n = 66,479) reported having joint symptoms or arthritis that was physically limiting and 16% (n = 21,976) reported having difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions. Twelve percent (n = 16,537) of this sample reported having both physically limiting pain and difficulty concentrating and remembering. Chi-square analyses reveal a statistically significant association between pain and cognition in this sample [X2(1, N= 134,058) = 6925.5, p&lt;.01], with a small to medium effect size (phi=0.227). This study provides support that pain is associated with difficulty concentrating and remembering in adults. Pain is a common persistent symptom among older adults and its effect on cognitive functioning should be noted. Effective pain treatment strategies are warranted to help reduce the cognitive burden of chronic pain. In turn, in older adults who are experiencing concentration or memory problems, health care providers should assess the individual’s pain as a possible contributor. Additional studies assessing both pain and cognition are warranted, especially looking at the relationship of these conditions over time.
FEAR AND DYNAMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO MOVEMENT AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH LOW BACK PAIN: A FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS
Authors: Simon Corey , Keefe Francis , Hicks Gregory , Pieper Carl , Colon-Emeric Cathleen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent cause of disability, with higher prevalence among older adults. However, the level of LBP disability cannot be explained by either pain intensity or LBP pathology (bone degeneration). We hypothesize that older adults with LBP are susceptible to disability based on the combination of two factors: fear of movement and dynamic inflammatory response to movement (DIR). In this feasibility study, we are measuring these two factors among 30 older adults aged 60-85 with LBP. Participants attend a laboratory session to complete four performance tasks: 30-second chair rises, seated trunk rotation, standing forward reach, and Six-Minute Walk. Fear of movement is tested using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia and Situational Catastrophizing Questionnaire. DIR is tested by drawing blood via a peripheral venous catheter before and after performance tasks, and assessing changes in six inflammatory markers: IL-6,8,10; TNF-alpha, c-reactive protein, and substance P. LBP disability is assessed using the Late-life Functional Disability Instrument (LLFDI) and 7-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) via smartphone application. Participants have tolerated all laboratory testing procedures and have adequately reported LBP disability in the home and community using EMA. We will test for exploratory associations between fear of movement, DIR, and LBP disability measures using ordinary least squares regression analyses. The overarching goal of this research line is to determine if the combination of fear of movement and DIR are an actionable clinical risk phenotype of downstream LBP disability among older adults.
A SCREEN OF WILD-DERIVED FLY STRAINS REVEALS CG34351 AS A REGULATOR OF TOXIC EFFECTS OF A RICH DIET
Authors: Brem Rachel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) extends lifespan and healthspan, by mechanisms that remain incompletely understood. To identify new genes with a role in dietary response, we developed a screening strategy harnessing genetic variation among wild fruit flies. We quantified the lifespan of lines of the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel on protein-rich and DR diets, and mapped polymorphisms associated with diet-dependent longevity. Among the hits was CG34351/decima, an ortholog of the mammalian GABA-receptor regulator RGS7BP. In validation experiments, pan-neuronal knockdown of decima extended lifespan and elicited repression of Drosophila insulin-like peptides, in flies on the rich diet but not on DR. Knockdown of decima in GABA neurons rescued fat storage and energy availability defects that derive from overnutrition. We propose that decima tunes signaling in these neurons upstream of the insulin pathway to rewire metabolism. These results establish decima as a determinant of the toxic effects of the rich diet in the fly.
EXPECTATIONS AND VALUE OF EDUCATION OF STUDENTS OF THE MASTER IN GERONTOLOGY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GUADALAJARA
Authors: Arias Martha Elena Vazquez , Merino Elva Dolores Arias 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
For Institutions of Higher Education, it’s important to know better the expectations and the value of education of their students to plan and offer successful postgraduate educational services The purpose of this project is to identify and analyze the expectations and the value of education of students of the Master in Gerontology at the University of Guadalajara, The data collection was carried out through a questionnaire divided into two parts. The first one contemplated socio-demographic characteristics of the participants such as: name, age, marital status and coexistence with older adults. In the second part, the Value of Education Scale (Battle & Wigfield, 2003) was applied, which measures different aspects of the expectations and the value that graduate students give to education. 25 students participated. 64% (16) were women and 36% (9) were men, with an age range of 24 to 53 years. Single people (80%) and 56% coexist with older adults every day. Highest scores: Intrinsic Values “I like to learn from people who are experts in their field” 4.96. Value of Achievement “graduate studies have a great value for me” 4.64. Value of Utility “I want to complete my postgraduate studies to acquire knowledge and experience” 4.80. Cost Perceived “I think in the end it will be worth the postgraduate despite all the work and effort.” 4.96. We consider a guarantor of success for our students, their high expectations and the value they give to their education that make them stand out and gain knowledge every day.
INTERGENERATIONAL EMPLOYEE NETWORK AGEISM: COLLABORATIVE INTERVENTION TRAINING CREATES ATTITUDE MODIFICATIONS
Authors: Harllee Heath D , Noah Amanda , Knight Becky P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Lack of positive attitudes towards aging has shown to cause challenges within intergenerational networks in employment situations. These can include job satisfaction, intrinsic motivation to work, and ageism subjectivity as underlying determinants and consequences. The collaborative intervention pilot training program goals were two-fold: 1) To expose and understand ageism as a discriminatory action. 2) To create a more positive social dynamic network in a diverse workplace in regard to general expectations of ageism. Two team-based learning intervention programs were created in order to increase collaborative awareness of ageism and were presented to a medium size intergenerational department staff (N=64) as part of a professional development series on equity, diversity and inclusion. Through three multidimensional self-help training activities, learning was done individually, within similar age employee groups, and within intergenerational employee groups. Participants were able to discuss and express general understandings and expectations of aging and learning tools such as intergenerational reactivity and emotion regulation strategies were presented. Within survey responses at the completion of the trainings, key findings showed that respondents had a better understanding of ageism (76%) and felt better equipped to work within an employment team of diverse ages (71%). Additionally, the subject matter of this pilot training program resulted in re-conceptualized positive aging (61%). Future implications and goals for the program include interventions to further increase positive intergenerational understanding and workplace generational inclusiveness.
STUDYING AGING ABROAD: TWO INTENSIVE COURSES AT DREXEL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Mulhorn Kristine A , Ballenger Jesse F , Clark Katherine F , Yoshinaga F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The model for short-term study abroad courses---called Intensive Courses Abroad (ICA) is one where various topics can be covered under a single theme over a 10-to-14 day travel timeframe. Students participate in pre-departure assignments, a daily schedule in the host country with meaningful visits followed by group discussions, and a final presentation upon return to the U.S. In both examples presented, the topic is aging. In one, there is a visit to Japan, focusing on aging, technology and culture. Students consider design and lifestyle implications of an aging society. The course includes visits to a geriatric rehabilitation facility and to a residential facility that employs various robots and other technology. Students explore a remote community and its design challenges for an aging society. Participation in a community survey to address a question they plan to pursue for their final project, such as the role of technology in society, how we understand the aging process, and how culture defines aging. In the second course, global aging frames discussions on the way Chile is adopting mechanisms to address chronic conditions associated with aging, including dementia. In the course, students learn about the social and political context. Students observe various ways Chile has adopted innovative approaches to address dementia care and various community-level interventions. Students will reflect in journals regularly and give a presentation about the ways the country is facing the challenges of an aging society where more than 30% of the population is projected to be over 60 by 2050.
KEEPING UP WITH THE JONESES: SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND SUBJECTIVE PERCEPTIONS OF AGING
Authors: Bellingtier Jennifer A , English Alaina N , Neupert Shevaun D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Money may not buy happiness, but can it buy a more positive outlook on aging? Past research examining the associations between indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and subjective perceptions of aging have been mixed with some finding greater socio-economic resources predict more positive aging perceptions, whereas others find no connection. We examine objective (i.e., income and education) and subjective social status (i.e., MacAurthur ladder) and their connections to subjective age, attitudes towards aging, and awareness of age-related changes using hierarchical multiple regression analyzes. Participants (n =296, age range 60-90) completed survey measures online. Results indicate minimal connection between income, education, and aging perceptions. However, perceiving oneself to be higher in social standing compared to one’s community was consistently related to more favorable perceptions of aging. Higher community standing may indicate favorable development, fewer stressors, or more resources compared to others, which could contribute to more positive perceptions of aging.
SOCIAL ROLES AND PERSONALITY IN LATER LIFE
Authors: Kornadt Anna E , Kornadt Anna E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Despite considerable stability of the Big Five personality traits, there is evidence for personality plasticity and change across the lifespan. In younger years, the investment in social roles, such as entering worklife or starting a family has been shown to drive personality change. With regard to personality in later life, the investigation of social roles has so far been neglected. A questionnaire was developed to assess a large number of social roles that can be assumed in the second half of life. N = 306 participants aged 50 to 86 years reported on their social roles and rated their personality traits. Results show that assuming and investing in certain social roles (e.g. friend, retiree, volunteer) mediated the effects of age on the Big Five, especially for the oldest participants and in the domains openness and extraversion. The findings support the importance of social roles for personality also in later life.
THE EFFECTS OF AGE-BASED EVALUATIONS ON OLDER ADULTS’ GAIT VARIABILITY
Authors: Barber Sarah , Hamel Kate , Ketcham Carl , Lui Kristy 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Older adults are stereotyped as being slow, weak, and frail. In this study we examined how these stereotypes about age-related physical decline affect older adults’ walking performance. Healthy, community-dwelling older adults were asked to walk at their own comfortable pace along a 24’ temporospatial-measuring walkway 10 times. For some participants this was done with a normal-base of support (i.e., usual gait). However, for other participants this was done with a narrow-base of support (i.e., walking within a path of 15 cm outlined by tape). Walking tasks were done either in the presence or absence of a negative age-based evaluation. Results showed that the negative age-based evaluations were associated with greater stride-to-stride variability, particularly for participants who felt less confident in their abilities. Given that gait variability is a predictor of falling, this raises the possibility that negative age-based evaluations can produce concerns that are an intrinsic risk factor for falls.
NEURONAL FGF-21 SIGNALING: A SENSOR OF DIETARY PROTEIN
Authors: Hill Cristal , Morrison Christopher 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Our data demonstrates that dietary protein restriction increases energy expenditure and improves glucose homeostasis, and that this effect is largely mediated by the metabolic hormone fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21). Considering that the central nervous system (CNS) is acknowledged as a major regulator of both energy and glucose homeostasis, we have extended our studies to identify the tissue site mediating these FGF21-dependent effects via dietary protein restriction. In this study, mice with dysfunctional FGF21-signaling in either the CNS or adipose tissue were fed a control or low protein (LP)-diet to assess changes in body weight and metabolic endpoints. Our data show that LP diet increased energy expenditure and reduced body weight in control littermates, but these effects were lost in mice bearing CNS-specific deletion of Klb. These data highlight a liver to brain FGF21-signal as the first known neuroendocrine mechanism to explain the coordinated metabolic changes induced by dietary protein restriction.