bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategic Analysis of the Transport Infrastructure Development in Saint Petersburg Urban Agglomeration as a Socio-Economic Problem Solving Tool
Authors: Dedyukhina N. V. 
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the study of possible consequences of the implementation of various scenarios for the “Strategy of Social and Economic Development of Saint Petersburg for the period up to 2035”. The authors present the results of the target scenario opportunities and risks analysis and conclude that it is necessary to review the approach adopted by the Government of Saint Petersburg to selecting the target scenario for the city’s development in favor of an updated baseline scenario which takes into account new threats and challenges. The methodological framework of the research is formed on the basis of the strategic analysis concepts. The research methodology involves producing matrices and maps to assess the risk of failure to achieve strategic objectives, matrices to assess conditions and consequences of implementation of the Comprehensive Plan of Transport Service (Comprehensive Plan) in the urban agglomeration. The article determines the priorities in providing sources of funding for participants according to the inertial and customized options of the Comprehensive Plan implementation. The evidence base obtained within the study makes it possible to justify a set of priority preventive measures to minimize the negative consequences of associated risks and threats. Under conditions of resource constraints and growing macro environment risks the Comprehensive Plan becomes the main driver of socio-economic development of the urban agglomeration. The study may be of interest to the representatives of regional state authorities of the Russian Federation, researchers, teachers and managers of educational programs in Economics and Management of higher education institutions.
Methodological Approaches to Establishing the System of Internal Control in Agricultural Companies
Authors: Alekseeva I. V. , Mosentseva V. A. 
Published: November 2020

The system of internal control (ICS) plays an important role in the management of agricultural enterprises. Methodological support of internal control is a key to their effective functioning. Regulatory framework in this area is lacking which calls for the clear industry-specific internal standardization including the standard to regulate control functions. To make the study and substantiate the results the following general scientific methods and instrumental technologies of scientific knowledge were used: logical and comparative analysis, modeling, retrospective, systemic, process, process-oriented approaches. The article provides the structure and content of the optimal (reference) version of the Provision for the effective functioning of the internal control system to unify the internal industry-specific regulation and improve the work of the internal control service. It requires the comprehensive approach to improving the quality of the internal control system based on methodological developments in question. The proposals within the framework of this study are the basis for setting up an effective system of internal control. Methodological developments and the standard itself can be integrated into a software product used in an agricultural company, which will increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the internal control service.
Young people's perception of sociocultural threats to the digital transformation of society
Authors: Kislyakov P. A. , Meyerson I.-L. S. , Silaeva O. A. , Dmitrieva E. E. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The article analyzes the problem of socio-cultural threats to the digital transformation of society. The digital transformation of society leads to the presence of large socio-cultural threats associated with the instability of the value system and Russian society as a whole, and as a result, with the distortion of socio-cultural identity. The study and comparison of socio-cultural threats will allow us to answer the question: where is the modern socio-cultural environment ofRussia in General and individual regions (socio-territorial communities) in particular in terms of the importance of the threats produced? The problem of studying young people's perceptions of sociocultural threats is becoming relevant and timely.Materials and Methods. To study the perception of socio-cultural threats to the digital transformation of society by young people, a 13-point questionnaire was developed. The study involved 583 people, residents of the cities of Ivanovo, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, St. Petersburg, Yaroslavl (23% – men, 77% – women; average age 20,5 years). The responses received were interpreted and processed using qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis.Results. There are two types of threats to the security of digital transformation of society: social (growth of cybercrime, reduction of interpersonal communication, growth of aggression and antisocial behavior, information stress) and cultural (decrease in the cultural level of society, weakening of the unity of the people, growth of interethnic conflicts, erosion of traditional values). Regions are dominated by various socio-cultural threats, but usually include both social and cultural threats.Discussion and Conclusions. The problem of digital transformation of society can be determined by the lack of a sense of security in the main spheres of life of socio-territorial communities-interpersonal, everyday, ethnic, religious, political, economic, information, etc. Insecurity in these areas determines the actualization of relevant threats and risks. Prevention of sociocultural threats will be facilitated by an objective assessment of their reality by young people through the formation of socio-cultural identity, development of critical thinking and social interaction skills.
The problem of the formation of subjective-leadership qualities among cadets of military educational organizations of higher education of the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation: cognitive and empirical aspect
Authors: Dyachkov A. A. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The problem of leadership in scientific research is given a lot of attention. However, this problem remains relevant for a large number of scientific areas. The formation of leadership qualities of a person is interested in the pedagogical composition of power higher educational institutions.Materials and methods. The main methods of research were: analysis of literature on the problem of research, systematization of the data obtained, conducting an empirical study of the influence of various factors on the formation and development of leadership qualities of future officers of the Russian Guard.Results. The article presents the experience of studying the leadership qualities of university cadets of the National Guard troops receiving the specialty of a military psychologist. There is a positive dynamics of leadership qualities throughout the entire period of study at a military university, as one of the most important conditions for readiness for professional activity, and a conclusion was made about the stability of the main management style in the fifth year.Discussion and Conclusions. During the study, it was established that in order to develop the leadership qualities of the future officer of the National Guard troops, it is now necessary to solve the following tasks in the educational process of a military university: development of awareness of his/her purpose as an officer, perseverance in realization of assigned tasks, steady desire to be a leader, self-confidence, readiness to make decisions and take responsibility, consistency, perseverance in realization and fulfillment of assigned tasks, awareness of own strength, faith in achievement of the goal. Keywords: leadership, professionalization, professionally important personal qualities, need for self-development, management style.
EFFECTS OF SOME HEAVY METALS ON TOTAL PROTEIN AND PEROXIDASE ACTIVITY IN CLOVER AND VETCH PLANTS
Authors: DEMİRASLAN Özlem , AKI Cüneyt 
Published: November 2020

Forage crop farming is shown as the most important way of continuous and safe forage production. Clover and vetch are the most used forage plants. In this research clover (Medicago sativa) and vetch (Vicia sativa) plants were planted in large pots (48x18x18cm) containing peat: perlite mixture (3:1). The seeds were kept in distilled water for 3 hours before planting and swelling was ensured. After the peat perlite mixture prepared in pots was watered sufficiently with distilled water and then seeds were planted. 1000 ppm heavy metal stock solutions have been prepared for lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2, copper nitrate Cu(NO3)2.3H2O, and cadmium nitrate (CdNO3)2.4H2O. Prepared heavy metal solutions were given to the plants at once, with irrigation water, in 300 mL for each pot. Total protein amount and peroxidase activity were examined by spectrophotometrically 72 hours after the heavy metal application. Three different heavy metals applications to the forage plants, have been showed different physiological reactions in these plants. These reactions have been measured by comparing control group of plants. According to research results, it was determined that the maximum increase in the total protein amount in M. sativa compared with the control group was 100 ppm applied lead. The maximum increase in the total protein amount in V. sativa compared with the control group was 30 ppm applied cadmium, respectively. The increase in peroxidase activity has been determined in M. sativa and V. sativa plants compared with the control groups were 30 ppm applied cadmium. As a result of our research, it was determined that cadmium has been found to be more effective than lead and copper for stimulation of plant defense system.
Association of body mass index and gender with sleep quality in medical students: A survey.
Authors: Abro Saleem Ullah , Khalid Ghulnaz , Saleem Qurratulain , Khan Maham , Ahmed Sohail , - Fatima 
Published: November 2020

Objectives: To assess the association of body mass index and gender with sleep quality in medical students: a survey. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-sectional survey. Setting: Public Sector Medical Colleges of Karachi. Period: 1st January to 31st March 2019. Material & Methods: 350 medical students were enrolled after taking consent as per declaration of Helsinki. Data were collected from included students of this study, who had age of 18 to 24 years and all other students having history of insomnia, anorexia nervosa and metabolic disorders were excluded from study. All the enrolled participants were assessed by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). It is used as tool for assessment of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication and day-time sleepiness. Body mass index was calculated as weight (Kg)/height (m)2. Collected data was analyzed by using SPSS version 22. Results: The mean age of 20.83±1.54. Of the total, 14(3.7%) were overweight/ obese and 304(79.6%) were underweight. Overall 14 (3.7%) reported Good quality of Sleep, and remaining had poor quality of sleep 336 (96.3%) There was significant (p<0.05) association of Sleep Quality with gender but no significant (p>0.05) association between sleep quality with body mass index (BMI) in this study. Conclusion: There was significant (p<0.05) association of Sleep Quality with gender but no significant (p>0.05) association of Sleep Quality with body mass index (BMI) in this study.
Linguistics Devices’ Appreciation in Semarang’s Online Cuisine Advertisement Text
Authors: Setyawati Nanik , Santosa Riyadi , Sumarlam Sumarlam , Purnanto Dwi 
Published: November 2020

Persuasive communication can be found in advertisement language. Creating advertisement that attractive, right on target, and effective in attracting potential customers, is a must to win the competition. An advertisement must be able to present everything that is smart, innovative, and must also be different in a unique sense compared to the others. This article specifically explores the appreciation devices in Semarang’s cuisine advertisement text phasing on the internet. Appreciation is one of the choices from the attitude aspects that part of appraisal system. Data in the form of attitudinal lexis were collected from online advertising texts which promote foods in Semarang. The method of providing data using the observation method. The basic technique used is the tapping technique. Meanwhile, the advance techniques used are the free, active, proficient listening technique and the note – taking technique. The data analysis in this study used a separate method. The basic technique used is the technique for direct elements, while the advance technique uses the lesion technique and the dressing technique. The results of the discussion show that the appreciation used in the Semarang’s cuisine advertisement texts on the internet is positive appreciation.
The Effect of adding First Order Aberrations To Third Order Aberrations on Point Spread Function for Triangular Aperture
Authors: Hamza Tarkhan Widad 
Published: November 2020

In this work, Point Spread Function (PSF) for triangular aperture was studied, in case of ideal optical system, also in case of presence first order aberrations )focal error and tilt aberration) and third order aberrations (spherical ,coma, and astigmatism aberrations) individually, and for the same values of aberration factor )W=0.1λ …..0.5 λ ) for angle of rotation (ѱ =0).
First order aberrations were added to third order aberrations, to obtain the best balance and to reduce the curve width of the (PSF), and to increase the Strehl ratio, like adding a tilt aberration to the coma aberration and adding focal error to spherical aberration and astigmatism aberration.
There are some aberrations effects impact negatively on point spread function, such as focal error with coma aberration and tilt aberration with spherical aberration.
Fractional electromagnetic waves in plasma and dielectric media with Caputo generalized fractional derivative
Authors: Bhangale N. , Kachhia K. B. 
Published: November 2020

The wave equation has very signiﬁcance role in many area of physics. The paper addresses thesolution of fractional diﬀerential equations of electromagnetic wave in plasma and dielectric media with Caputo generalized fractional derivative. The ρ−Laplace transform introduced by Fahd and Thabet was used to obtain the analytic solution of fractional diﬀerential equation which arising in electromagnetic ﬁelds. We investigate that the wave equation in fractional space can eﬀectively describe the behaviour of space wave and time wave. The results show that the electromagnetic ﬁelds change with diﬀerent fractional orders.
Patient outcomes and tumor control in single-fraction versus hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy for spinal metastases
Authors: Park Christine , Howell Elizabeth P. , Mehta Vikram A. , Ramirez Luis , Price Meghan J. , Floyd Scott R. , Kirkpatrick John P. , Torok Jordan , Abd-El-Barr Muhammad M. , Karikari Isaac O. , Goodwin C. Rory 
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVEStereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) offers efficient, noninvasive treatment of spinal neoplasms. Single-fraction (SF) high-dose SBRT has a relatively narrow therapeutic window, while hypofractionated delivery of SBRT may have an improved safety profile with similar efficacy. Because the optimal approach of delivery is unknown, the authors examined whether hypofractionated SBRT improves pain and/or functional outcomes and results in better tumor control compared with SF-SBRT.METHODSThis is a single-institution retrospective study of adult patients with spinal metastases treated with SF- or three-fraction (3F) SBRT from 2008 to 2019. Demographics and baseline characteristics, radiographic data, and posttreatment outcomes at a minimum follow-up of 3 months are reported.RESULTSOf the 156 patients included in the study, 70 (44.9%) underwent SF-SBRT (median total dose 1700 cGy) and 86 (55.1%) underwent 3F-SBRT (median total dose 2100 cGy). At baseline, a higher proportion of patients in the 3F-SBRT group had a worse baseline profile, including severity of pain (p < 0.05), average use of pain medication (p < 0.001), and functional scores (p < 0.05) compared with the SF-SBRT cohort. At the 3-month follow-up, the 3F-SBRT cohort experienced a greater frequency of improvement in pain compared with the SF-SBRT group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, patients treated with 3F-SBRT demonstrated a higher frequency of improved Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores (p < 0.05) compared with those treated with SF-SBRT, with no significant difference in the frequency of improvement in modified Rankin Scale scores. Local tumor control did not differ significantly between the two cohorts.CONCLUSIONSPatients who received spinal 3F-SBRT more frequently achieved significant pain relief and an increased frequency of improvement in KPS compared with those treated with SF-SBRT. Local tumor control was similar in the two groups. Future work is needed to establish the relationship between fractionation schedule and clinical outcomes.
Effects of race on blood loss in spinal fusions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Kaushal Neil , Orland Keith J. , Schwartz Andrew M. , Wilson Jacob M. , Fletcher Nicholas D. , Patel Anuj , Menapace Bryan , Ramirez Michelle , Wetzel Martha , Devito Dennis , Murphy Joshua 
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVEPosterior spinal fusion (PSF) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) can be associated with significant blood loss. It has been suggested that blood loss is greater in different racial groups. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in blood loss between African American and Caucasian patients undergoing PSF for AIS.METHODSA retrospective review was performed of patients aged 10–18 years with AIS who were treated with PSF from 2014 to 2017 at a single children’s healthcare system. Patient demographic, radiographic, and operative data were obtained from medical records. Intraoperative blood loss was calculated using the formula described by Waters et al. Patients who declined reporting their race or had prior spinal surgery, neuromuscular or syndromic diagnoses, a history of cardiac or thoracic surgery, or a bleeding disorder were excluded. Blood loss variables were log-transformed for normality and modeled using multivariable linear regression.RESULTSA total of 433 PSFs for AIS qualified for the analysis. The average age was 14.1 years, and 73.7% of the patients were female. With respect to race, 44.6% identified themselves as African American. There was no significant difference in blood loss (p = 0.31) or blood loss per level fused (p = 0.36) in African American patients. African American patients, however, did have significantly lower preoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and greater operating room time than Caucasian patients (p < 0.001). There was no difference between race and transfusion rate.CONCLUSIONSThere appears to be no relationship between race and blood loss during PSF for AIS. Standardized protocols for minimizing perioperative blood loss can be applied to both Caucasian and African American patients.
A comparison of selective muscle activity in the abductor hallucis between flat feet and normal feet during single mini-squat exercise
Authors: Kim Jun-Seok , Moon Dong-Chul 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND: The abductor hallucis (AbH) is a key muscle in the stability of the foot by supporting the medial longitudinal arch (MLA). Individuals with flat foot show a flattening of the MLA with a decreased selective AbH activity relative to the other foot extrinsic muscles during functional movement. OBJECTIVE: To examine the selective muscle activity of the abductor hallucis (AbH) during single-leg mini-squat (SMS) in subjects with flat foot and normal individuals. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy adults (13 men and 11 women) with flat or normal feet participated in this study. All subjects performed single minisquat (SMS), and data were collected using sEMG from the AbH, TA, and GCM during SMS. RESULTS: An inter-gender comparison of the EMG data revealed no difference. The EMG activity of the AbH in individuals with flat foot was significantly lower than that of individuals with normal feet. Moreover, the AbH/TA ratio in subjects with flat foot, , was significantly lower than that in subjects with normal feet. CONCLUSION: In a clinical setting, clinicians should focus on strengthening exercises of the AbH muscle due to reduced activation of the AbH muscle in individuals with flat foot. The selective muscle activity of the AbH muscle during SMS should be emphasized.
CYP2E1-DEPENDENT VARIATIONS IN HEPATOCYTES DAMAGE DURING TREATMENT OF TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Natrus L.V. , Gayova L.V. , Gorkunenko O.O. , Chernovol P.A. , Zelinska M.V. 
Published: November 2020

Relevance. Investigation of polymorphism in a locus of CYP2E1 as the prognostic factor of drug-induced hepatotoxicity at anti-TB therapy is significant due to the influence of CYP2E1 on drug metabolism.
The objective of the investigation is to analyze the association of rs2070676 СYP2E1 gene polymorphism with drug-induced hepatotoxicity by means of the clinical-laboratory values of serum transaminases at anti-TB treatment.
Materials and methods. The study involved 47 patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis first time discovered. 58 healthy volunteers comprised a control group. Laboratory indices were determined in venous blood three times: before the treatment as baseline; in 2 months of intensive therapy (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide), then in 4 months of maintenance therapy (isoniazid, rifampicin). Serum activities of enzymes ALT, AST, and GGT were measured by standard algorithm on automatic analyzer BS-300. Analysis of rs2070676 polymorphism of CYP2E1 gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction using standard PureLink® Genomic DNA Kit for Purification of Genomic DNA; Manufacturer of INVITROGEN (USA). For statistical processing, IBM SPSS Statistics 23 was applied.
Results. Investigation of serum ALT and AST in patients with major genotype CYP2E1 (C/C) showed the lower baseline ALT and AST levels comparing to the control group, which might be caused by suppression of hepatocytes functions at the development of the disease. Anti-TB treatment caused an increase in ALT and AST levels comparing to the baseline in patients with major CYP2E1 (C/C) genotype. In the group with C/G polymorphism, the baseline ALT level didn’t differ much from the baseline of the control group; it showed a decrease after intensive therapy and returned back to the initial level at maintenance therapy. This might be related to the certain protective property of СYP2E1 gene polymorphism. The AST level was increased after intensive therapy (to a smaller extent than for the patients with major C/C genotype) and remained on the same level at maintenance therapy. A study of GGT showed a gradual increase regardless of genotype.
Conclusion. According to the data of the experiment, the status of hepatocytes in patients with tuberculosis at baseline and during treatment was different depending on the CYP2E1 genotype. The results of the experiment indicate that the CYP2E1 gene polymorphism has a certain protecting role. It reduces the level of drug metabolites and hepatotoxicity which causes mitochondrial dysfunction.