bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Persistence of Pancakes and the Revival of Self-gravity in Tidal Disruption Events
Authors: Coughlin Eric R. , Nixon C. J. , Miles Patrick R. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The destruction of a star by the tides of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) powers a bright accretion flare, and the theoretical modeling of such tidal disruption events (TDEs) can provide a direct means of inferring SMBH properties from observations. Previously it has been shown that TDEs with β = r
t/r
p = 1, where r
t is the tidal disruption radius and r
p is the pericenter distance of the star, form an in-plane caustic, or “pancake,” where the tidally disrupted debris is compressed into a one-dimensional line within the orbital plane of the star. Here we show that this result applies generally to all TDEs for which the star is fully disrupted, i.e., that satisfy β ≳ 1. We show that the location of this caustic is always outside of the tidal disruption radius of the star and the compression of the gas near the caustic is at most mildly supersonic, which results in an adiabatic increase in the gas density above the tidal density of the black hole. As such, this in-plane pancake revitalizes the influence of self-gravity even for large β, in agreement with recent simulations. This finding suggests that for all TDEs in which the star is fully disrupted, self-gravity is revived post-pericenter, keeps the stream of debris narrowly confined in its transverse directions, and renders the debris prone to gravitational instability.
The Influence of Stellar Phosphorus on Our Understanding of Exoplanets and Astrobiology
Authors: Hinkel Natalie R. , Hartnett Hilairy E. , Young Patrick A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
When searching for exoplanets and ultimately considering their habitability, it is necessary to consider the planet’s composition, geophysical processes, and geochemical cycles in order to constrain the bioessential elements available to life. Determining the elemental ratios for exoplanetary ecosystems is not yet possible, but we generally assume that planets have compositions similar to those of their host stars. Therefore, using the Hypatia Catalog of high-resolution stellar abundances for nearby stars, we compare the C, N, Si, and P abundance ratios of main-sequence stars with those in average marine plankton, Earth’s crust, as well as bulk silicate Earth and Mars. We find that, in general, plankton, Earth, and Mars are N-poor and P-rich compared with nearby stars. However, the dearth of P abundance data, which exists for only ∼1% of all stars and 1% of exoplanet hosts, makes it difficult to deduce clear trends in the stellar data, let alone the role of P in the evolution of an exoplanet. Our Sun has relatively high P and Earth biology requires a small, but finite, amount of P. On rocky planets that form around host stars with substantially less P, the strong partitioning of P into the core could rule out the potential for surface P and, consequently, for life on that planet’s surface. Therefore, we urge the stellar abundance community to make P observations a priority in future studies and telescope designs.
Un nouvel emploi du cobalt identifié sur un vase en albâtre de la XVIIIe dynastie inscrit au nom d’Amenhotep III découvert à Ougarit (Syrie)
Authors: Matoïan Valérie , Bouquillon Anne 
Published: September 2020

Des incrustations bleues soulignant les hiéroglyphes de deux fragments d’un vase en albâtre calcaire inscrit au nom du pharaon Amenhotep III (Louvre, inv. AO 27127) découvert à Ougarit ont été étudiées par des méthodes non-destructives. L’analyse révèle que du cobalt a été utilisé comme élément colorant, probablement sous la forme spinelle proche de celle identifiée pour les pigments des céramiques égyptiennes (« blue-painted pottery ») de la même époque.
The Wnt–β-Catenin–IL-10 Signaling Axis in Intestinal APCs Protects Mice from Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer in Response to Gut Microbiota
Authors: Swafford Daniel , Shanmugam Arulkumaran , Ranganathan Punithavathi , Manoharan Indumathi , Hussein Mohamed S. , Patel Nikhil , Sifuentes Humberto , Koni Pandelakis A. , Prasad Puttur D. , Thangaraju Muthusamy , Manicassamy Santhakumar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Loss of immune tolerance to gut microflora is inextricably linked to chronic intestinal inflammation and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). The LRP5/6 signaling cascade in APCs contributes to immune homeostasis in the gut, but whether this pathway in APCs protects against CAC is not known. In the current study, using a mouse model of CAC, we show that the LRP5/6–β-catenin–IL-10 signaling axis in intestinal CD11c+ APCs protects mice from CAC by regulating the expression of tumor-promoting inflammatory factors in response to commensal flora. Genetic deletion of LRP5/6 in CD11c+ APCs in mice (LRP5/6ΔCD11c) resulted in enhanced susceptibility to CAC. This is due to a microbiota-dependent increased expression of proinflammatory factors and decreased expression of the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10. This condition could be improved in LRP5/6ΔCD11c mice by depleting the gut flora, indicating the importance of LRP5/6 in mediating immune tolerance to the gut flora. Moreover, mechanistic studies show that LRP5/6 suppresses the expression of tumor-promoting inflammatory factors in CD11c+ APCs via the β-catenin–IL-10 axis. Accordingly, conditional activation of β-catenin specifically in CD11c+ APCs or in vivo administration of IL-10 protected LRP5/6ΔCD11c mice from CAC by suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors. In summary, in this study, we identify a key role for the LRP5/6–β-catenin–IL-10 signaling pathway in intestinal APCs in resolving chronic intestinal inflammation and protecting against CAC in response to the commensal flora.
Localizing a metabolic focus during a functional seizure with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography
Authors: Mirzaei Siroos , Preitler Barbara , Wenzel Thomas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTraumatic brain injuries can lead to long-term mental seizures that are difficult to differentiate from dissociative psychogenic symptoms, respectively, psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Recent articles have drawn attention to the need of differentiation of psychological and brain trauma-related symptoms in survivors of violence. This case study reflects a diagnostic step in a 20-year-male who reported to have been subjected to torture, including blunt force to the head 2 years before examination. He suffers from episodical headaches followed by mental bouts of aggression and restlessness. We performed a brain 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography to identify a cerebral correlate of the psychogenic seizures. The examination yielded a hypermetabolic focus in the frontal superior parasagittal region. Psychogenic seizures can frequently be observed as culture-specific “idioms of distress” and can challenge diagnostic evaluation, especially in the victims of violence with an additional history of blunt brain trauma. The advances in molecular imaging such as PET can be expected to play a crucial role in forensic and clinical assessment in the increasing number of such patients.
An overview on prostate-specific membrane antigen uptake in malignancies other than prostate cancer: A pictorial essay
Authors: Jafari Esmail , Ahmadzadehfar Hojjat , Dadgar Habibollah , Assadi Majid 
Published: September 2020

AbstractProstate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a Type II transmembrane glycoprotein which is extremely overexpressed in prostate cancer epithelial cells. Recently, PSMA-targeted small molecule labeled with 68Ga and 99mTc allowed precise molecular imaging of prostate cancer and PSMA-targeted small molecule labeled with 177Lu leads to the development of radionuclide-targeted therapy of prostate cancer. Despite its name, it has been shown that PSMA has been expressed in several malignancies which can be due to significant neovascularization. Present pictorial assay reports the nonspecific tracer uptake in some malignancies during 68Ga-PSMA positron-emission tomography/computed tomography imaging and 99mTc-PSMA scintigraphy.
Production Management for TV and Film
Authors: Stradling Linda 
Published: September 2020

Completely up to date with relevant information on digital technology and HD TV, this is the only title to focus specifically on television production management, and presents an easily accessible and authoritative guide to the area.
Production Management for Television provides a reliable, factual and theoretical framework for an understanding of production management. It includes a reference directory of agencies and organizations, and addresses and contacts for training.
Subjects covered include:
• the main responsibilities of the production manager
• key skills needed by the production manager
• routine procedures
• appropriate paperwork and record keeping
• health and safety issues
• rights management
• career structure and development for production managers
• useful references and further information.
Dire/Ressentir les frontières sur la scène intermédiale
Authors: Béhague Emmanuel 
Published: September 2020

Proches dans leur forme, les spectacles analysés ici, soit Europa Trilogie du metteur en scène suisse Milo Rau (2014-2016) et Le présent qui déborde. Notre Odyssée II de la Brésilienne Christiane Jatahy (2019), sont représentatifs d’un paradigme fort du théâtre contemporain, dans lequel des intervenants, agissant en « non-acteurs », viennent témoigner de leur expérience immédiate du réel. Dans ces récits, la frontière comme délimitation politique génératrice de souffrance, comme expérience intime et comme inscription du politique dans le corps occupe une place centrale. Pour un tel théâtre, dans lequel l’émotion joue un rôle-clé, se pose alors la question de savoir comment dire et faire comprendre cette expérience sans pour autant tomber dans le piège de l’identification. Nous développerons la thèse selon laquelle l’interaction avec les différents médias ici à l’oeuvre permet d’éviter cet écueil, dans une démarche où l’esthétique rejoint l’éthique.
Low Temperature Aggregation Transitions in N3 and Y6 Acceptors Enable Double‐Annealing Method That Yields Hierarchical Morphology and Superior Efficiency in Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Qin Yunpeng , Xu Ye , Peng Zhengxing , Hou Jianhui , Ade Harald 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThermal transition of organic solar cells (OSCs) constituent materials are often insufficiently researched, resulting in trial‐and‐error rather than rational approaches to annealing strategies to improve domain purity to enhance the power conversion efficiency. Despite the potential utility, little is known about the thermal transitions of the modern high‐performance acceptors Y6 and N3. Here, by using an optical method, it is discovered that the acceptor N3 has a clear solid‐state aggregation transition at 82 °C. This unusually low transition not only explains prior optimization protocols, but the transition informs and enables a double‐annealing method that can fine‐tune aggregation and the device morphology. Compared with 16.6% efficiency for PM6:N3:PC71BM control devices, higher efficiency of 17.6% is obtained through the improved protocol. Morphology characterization with x‐ray scattering methods reveals the formation of a multilength scale morphology. Moreover, the double‐annealing method is illustrated and easily transferred and validated with Y6‐based devices, using the transition of Y6 at 102 °C. As a result, the PCE improved from 16.0% to 16.8%. Design of high‐performance acceptors with yet lower aggregation transitions might be required for OSCs to successfully transition to low thermal budget industrial processing methods where annealing temperatures on plastic substrates have to be kept low.
A Microneedle Technology for Sampling and Sensing Bacteria in the Food Supply Chain
Authors: Kim Doyoon , Cao Yunteng , Mariappan Dhanushkodi , Bono Michael S. , Hart A. John , Marelli Benedetto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFood quality monitoring, particularly, the detection of bacterial pathogens and spoilage throughout the food supply chain, is critical to ensure global food safety and minimize food loss. Incorporating sensors into packaging is promising, but it is challenging to achieve the required sampling volume while using food‐safe sensor materials. Here, by leveraging water‐based processing of silk fibroin, a platform for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in food is realized using a porous silk microneedle array; the microneedle array samples fluid from the interior of the food by capillary action, presenting the fluid to polydiacetylene‐based bioinks printed on the backside of the array. Through the colorimetric response of bioink patterns, Escherichia coli contamination in fish fillets is identified within 16 h of needle injection. This response is distinct from spoilage measured via the increase in sample pH. It is also shown that the microneedles can pierce commercial food packaging, and subsequently sample fluid and present it to the sensor, enabling the adaptation of the technology downstream in food supply chains such as in stores or at home. This study highlights that regenerated structural biopolymers can serve as safe materials for food contact and sensing with robust mechanical properties and tailored chemistry.
Design, Synthesis, In Silico Analysis, and Structural Study of 4,6‐Dimethyl‐2‐(3‐(p‐tolyloxy)propoxy)nicotinonitrile Fleximer
Authors: Dowarah Jayanta , Marak Brilliant N. , Lalhruaizela  , Sran Balkaran S. , Singh Ved P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis work deals with the drug design, synthesis, crystallization, and the interpretation of 4,6‐dimethyl‐2‐(3‐(p‐tolyloxy)propoxy)nicotinonitrile fleximer (1). The structural analysis of compound (1) is performed through single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and Hirshfeld surface analysis. This fleximer in silico binding affinity is studied to analyze the role of flexibility in noncovalent binding affinity toward the COX‐2 and mGluR2 receptor. Both pyridine ring and phenyl rings are linked with propylene linker. 4,6‐Dimethyl‐2‐(3‐(p‐tolyloxy)propoxy)nicotinonitrile has Z = 4 in the crystal packing and is stabilized by intermolecular noncovalent interactions like C─H···N, C─H···O, C─H···л, л···л, loan pair···л interactions, etc.
CS‐MAODV: Cuckoo search and M‐tree‐based multiconstraint optimal Multicast Ad hoc On‐demand Distance Vector Routing Protocol for MANETs
Authors: Babu Doddi Madhu , Ussenaiah Maligala 
Published: September 2020

SummaryMobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are a subclass of wireless ad hoc networks, having amazing qualities of dynamic network topology and moving nodes. As MANET changes its topology, routing is difficult at some moment. Routing protocol controls the stream of information and selects the efficient way to transmit the data. There are a variety of routing protocols existing in MANET. Accordingly, this paper presents the multicast routing protocol, named cuckoo search and M‐tree‐based multicast ad hoc on‐demand distance vector (CS‐MAODV) protocol for MANET. The proposed routing protocol includes a two‐step process, namely, M‐tree construction and optimal multicast route selection. Here, the divisional‐based cluster (DIVC) technique is used for building the M‐tree using three constraints: destination flag, path‐inclusion factor, and multifactor. Then, cuckoo search algorithm is used for selecting the optimal route by considering the multiple objectives, such as energy, link lifetime, distance, and delay. The performance of the proposed multicast routing protocol is analyzed, and the comparative analysis is performed with the existing routing protocols, such as MAODV, QoS‐based multicast routing protocol using reliable neighbor nodes selection (QMRPRNS), efficient fuzzy‐based multiconstraint protocol (EFMMRP), and energy‐efficient lifetime aware multicast route selection (EELAM). From the simulation results, it can be shown that the proposed CS‐MAODV protocol attains the maximum energy of 90.3513%, LLT of 158.7708 s, the throughput of 86.2226%, and PDR of 87.1606, respectively. Also, the proposed protocol has the minimum control overhead of 2.1415% and PDD of 0.0563 s.
Clinical characteristics and long‐term outcomes of peripartum takotsubo cardiomyopathy and peripartum cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kim Dong‐Yeon , Kim So Ree , Park Sung‐Ji , Seo Jeong‐Hun , Kim Eun Kyoung , Yang Jeong Hoon , Chang Sung‐A , Choi Jin‐Oh , Lee Sang‐Chol , Park Seung Woo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsAlthough some peripartum‐associated cardiomyopathy patients present with features that are clinically and echocardiographically similar to those of takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM), little is known about the diagnosis and clinical course of peripartum TCM.Methods and resultsIn a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea, we searched the hospital database to find cardiomyopathy cases that were associated with pregnancy from January 1995 to May 2019. Applying the published diagnostic criteria, we sought peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) and peripartum TCM patients for comparison. Of 31 pregnancy‐associated cardiomyopathy patients, 10 cases of peripartum TCM and 21 cases of PPCM were found. Maternal near‐miss death was significantly more common in the peripartum TCM group than in the PPCM group (100.0% vs. 57.1%, P = 0.030). Complete recovery was observed with all peripartum TCM cases, while 23.8% of the PPCM cases had residual left ventricular dysfunction. One death and one heart transplantation occurred in the PPCM group, while neither occurred in the peripartum TCM group. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of the rate of major adverse clinical events at 3 years of follow‐up [PPCM group: 26.3% (5/19) vs. TCM group: 33.3% (3/9), P = 0.750].ConclusionsOne‐third of pregnancy‐associated cardiomyopathy patients had peripartum TCM. With contemporary supportive care, both PPCM and peripartum TCM patients had a low mortality rate and excellent long‐term outcomes.
Subclinical cardiac dysfunction in obesity patients is linked to autonomic dysfunction: findings from the CARDIOBESE study
Authors: Snelder Sanne M. , de Groot‐de Laat Lotte E. , Biter L. Ulas , Castro Cabezas Manuel , Pouw Nadine , Birnie Erwin , Boxma‐de Klerk Bianca M. , Klaassen René A. , Zijlstra Felix , van Dalen Bas M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsObesity doubles the lifetime risk of developing heart failure. Current knowledge on the role of obesity in causing cardiac dysfunction is insufficient for optimal risk stratification. The aim of this study was first to estimate the prevalence of subclinical cardiac dysfunction in obesity patients and second to investigate the underlying pathophysiology.Methods and resultsThe CARDIOBESE study is a cross‐sectional multicentre study of 100 obesity patients [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m2] without known cardiovascular disease and 50 age‐matched and gender‐matched non‐obese controls (BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2). Echocardiography was performed, blood samples were collected, and a Holter monitor was affixed. Fifty‐nine obesity patients [48 (42–50) years, 70% female] showed subclinical cardiac dysfunction: 57 patients had decreased global longitudinal strain (GLS), and two patients with normal GLS had either diastolic dysfunction or increased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP). Only one non‐obese control had diastolic dysfunction, and none had another sign of cardiac dysfunction. Multivariable logistic analysis identified male gender and standard deviation of all NN intervals (SDNN) index, which is a measure of autonomic dysfunction, as independent significant risk factors for subclinical cardiac dysfunction in obesity patients.ConclusionsThere was a high prevalence (61%) of subclinical cardiac dysfunction in obesity patients without known cardiovascular disease, which appeared to be best identified by GLS. Subclinical cardiac dysfunction in obesity was linked to autonomic dysfunction and male gender, and not to the presence of traditional cardiac risk factors, increased C‐reactive protein, increased BNP, increased high‐sensitivity troponin I, or increased left ventricular mass.
Analysis of human neutrophil phenotypes as biomarker to monitor exercise-induced immune changes
Authors: Spijkerman Roy , Hesselink Lillian , Bertinetto Carlo , Bongers Coen C W G , Hietbrink Falco , Vrisekoop Nienke , Leenen Luke P H , Hopman Maria T E , Jansen Jeroen J , Koenderman Leo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe amplitude of the innate immune response reflects the degree of physiological stress imposed by exercise load. An optimal balance of exercise intensity and duration is essential for a balanced immune system and reduces the risk of dysfunction of the immune system. Therefore, it is hypothesized that neutrophils, as key players in the innate immune system, can be used as biomarker in detecting overtraining. The aim was to monitor the state of the innate immune system by phenotyping neutrophils during consecutive bouts of prolonged exercise. Study subjects were recruited from a cohort of walkers participating in a walking event on 3 consecutive days. Participants with immune deficiencies were excluded. Questionnaires to determine the physiological status of the participants were completed. Analysis of neutrophil receptor expression was done by a point-of-care fully automated flow cytometer. A total of 45 participants were recruited, of whom 39 participants were included for data analysis. Study participants had a median age of 64 (58-70) years. The absolute numbers CD16dim/CD62Lbright and CD16bright/CD62Ldim neutrophils were increased after the first 2 days of exercise followed by an adaptation/normalization after the third day. Participants with activated neutrophils (high CD11b expression) had an impaired physical feeling indicated by the participant on a lower visual analog scale compared to participants who did not have activated neutrophils (P = 0.017, P = 0.022). Consecutive days of prolonged exercise results in an initial systemic innate immune response, followed by normalization/adaptation. Increased neutrophil activation was associated with impaired physical feeling measured by a validated VAS score indicated by the participant. Fully automated point-of-care flow cytometry analysis of neutrophil phenotypes in a field laboratory might be a useful tool to monitor relevant differences in the systemic innate immune response in response to exercise.