bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Barriers and Facilitators in the Community Environment Shape Opportunities for Healthy Aging With Disability
Authors: Clarke Philippa , Forchheimer Martin , Charara Lynn , Wolgat Ellen , Meade Michelle , Tate Denise 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Due to advances in medical care and technology the average age of people living with early-acquired spinal cord injury (SCI) is increasing. Approximately 40% of adults with SCI are over age 65. However, the cumulative effects of living with a SCI for many years make aging with SCI different from those “aging into disability”. For example, unstable employment histories and the premature onset of secondary health conditions can create unique challenges for adults aging with SCI. Barriers and facilitators in the community environment play an important role for their ability to maintain health, engage in society, and participate in social roles. Data from a mixed methods study of ~200 adults (age 45+) aging with SCI, will be presented to demonstrate the impact of specific environmental barriers and facilitators and to stress the importance of understanding the complex dynamics of person-environment fit to fully support adults aging with and into disability. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Lifelong Disabilities Interest Group.
Design, Utilization, and Impact of Smart Voice Interventions in Older Adults
Authors: Huisingh-Scheetz Megan , Hawkley Louise , Cotten Shelia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Smart voice (voice-first) devices such as Amazon Alexa or Google Home devices use speech as the primary input method and employ artificial intelligence to “act” on spoken commands. Smart voice devices are thought to reduce technology use barriers for older adults because older users can utilize a skill they already have (talking) rather than learning a new skill (typing). Therefore, smart voice may be a promising technology vehicle for delivering social and functional resources and for assessing health in the home of older adults and their caregivers. However, very little clinical research has been conducted to understand the unique design considerations, utilization, potential impact, and limitations of smart voice applications in older adults. This symposium will 1) describe research methods and results of user-driven design of smart voice materials and programming in older adults; 2) quantify the utilization and potential impact of “EngAGE,” a smart voice-based program delivering socially-motivated exercise, on functional outcomes and summarize perceived benefits and challenges to use among older adult and caregiver participants following a feasibility study; and 3) detail key findings and policy implications following pilots of “Community Hub,” a data collection voice application to detect social isolation, and “Social Check-in,” programs leveraging smart voice to aid in older adult socialization.
Live Discharge From Hospice: Experiences of Patients, Families, and Staff
Authors: Utz Rebecca , Clayton Margaret , Supiano Katherine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hospice services can provide patient stabilization and improved quality of life, making the patient ineligible for continued hospice. Using focus groups and in-depth interviews, we explored how patients, families, and hospice staff experience, anticipate, and cope with “live discharge” from hospice. Nurses and administrators tried to prepare families for the possibility and unsettling reality of live discharge, yet the aides who worked most closely with families remained unaware of regulations dictating an impending live discharge. Reactions of families ranged from excitement, when patient was selected for clinical trial, to more common expressions of frustration, as they lost access to the staff, coordinated services, and medications only covered under the Medicare hospice benefit. Families also reported relationship stressors and decisional uncertainty associated with longer than expected patient life. Families still needed and wanted hospice services, with most agreeing they would return to hospice after the patient declined and became eligible again.
The Roles of Communication, Collaboration, and Social Support on Dyadic Mental Health in the Context of Chronic Pain
Authors: Lyons Karen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Drawing on the Theory of Dyadic Illness Management, the study examined the roles of communication, collaborative decision-making and social support on the mental health of 177 couples living with chronic pain. Couples ranged in age from 26-81 years of age; mean age for partner with chronic pain = 55.01 (SD=11.53) and partner without chronic pain = 57.45 (SD=12.50). Using multilevel modeling and controlling for pain severity, pain interference, time since diagnosis, age, shared activities and relationship quality, communication and collaborative decision-making played significant roles in predicting mental health of both members of the couple. Comparative dyadic analysis showed that couples with optimal dyadic mental health had significantly better communication, less concealment, greater collaboration and greater levels of support than couples with poor or incongruent dyadic mental health. Discussion will center on the roles of collaborative illness management behaviors in optimizing dyadic mental health in the context of chronic illness. Part of a symposium sponsored by Dyadic Research on Health and Illness Across the Adult Lifespan Interest Group.
Older Adults’ Receptivity to Spousal Health Support: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Rauer Amy , Lopez Ruth Palan , Pigg Ashley 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Romantic partners play a powerful role in promoting each other’s well-being, particularly later in life. Although there is a robust literature documenting how spouses tend to respond to each other’s health issues (e.g., support, control), there has been a surprising dearth of studies examining how receptive spouses are to these overtures. To reveal how older couples react to each other’s health support attempts, we used a qualitative approach to analyze transcripts of 64 older, married, heterosexual couples observed discussing each other’s health issues. Thematic analysis revealed older couples responded to spouses’ health support strategies in four different ways: 1) listening (individuals actively listened); 2) accepting (individuals welcomed spousal efforts); 3) deflecting (individuals redirected conversation away from health); and 4) rejecting (individuals dismissed and refused spousal intervention). Given the rise in late-life caregiving, identifying the very different responses that are evoked when partners intervene in each other’s health warrants further investigation. Part of a symposium sponsored by Dyadic Research on Health and Illness Across the Adult Lifespan Interest Group.
Bidirectional Associations Between Activity Diversity and Sleep
Authors: Lee Soomi , Charles Susan , Almeida David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Activity diversity is important for psychological well-being and cognitive functioning. Yet, little is known about the relationship between activity diversity and sleep. This study examined how overall and nightly sleep health are associated with activity diversity. Participants (N=1841) from the Midlife in the United States Study II provided activity data for 8 days. We constructed overall and daily activity diversity scores. A composite score of overall sleep health across 8 dimensions and nightly sleep duration were measured. Analyses adjusted for sociodemographics, total activity time, and positive/negative affect. Participants with poorer sleep health overall had a lower activity diversity. On days following nights with short (&lt;6hrs) or long (&gt;8hrs) sleep duration, participants engaged in fewer-than-usual activities. Conversely, fewer daily activities also predicted long (but not short) sleep duration. Our results suggest cyclical associations between poor sleep health and activity diversity day-to-day, which, may accumulate over time to form a bidirectional relationship.
The Relationship Between Hippocampal Volume and Activity Diversity
Authors: Urban-Wojcik Emily , Lee Soomi , Charles Susan , Almeida David , Davidson Richard , Schaefer Stacey 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The hippocampus, implicated in learning, memory, and spatial navigation, is one of the few brain structures that demonstrates neurogenesis across the lifespan. Hippocampal volume (HV), then, may be a marker of exposure to and engagement with novel events and environments, which may in turn be related to cognitive functioning. The present study examined the relationship between HV and activity diversity (AD), which characterizes the range and evenness of participation in daily activities. In 52 participants who completed the daily-diary and neuroscience projects of the Midlife in the United States Refresher study, greater levels of AD across an 8-day period were related to greater HV averaged across the left and right hemispheres when adjusting for overall brain volume, total activity time, time between projects, and relevant sociodemographic variables, b=1128mm3, t(43)=2.54, p=.015. These findings may point to a mechanism through which AD has been related to better cognitive and mental health outcomes.
Associations of Cytomegalovirus and Muscle Weakness in Older Adults: Results from the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Duchowny Kate , Noppert Grace 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Muscle weakness, measured by grip strength, is associated with disability, physical functioning and mortality; however, the sociobiologic underpinnings of muscle weakness are poorly understood. Immune response to cytomegalovirus (CMV), as measured by immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels, is often used as a marker of immunosenescence with higher antibody levels suggesting accelerated immunosenescence. Previous research has shown immune response to CMV across the life course is socially patterned with disadvantaged groups having higher antibody levels across the life course. Thus, the primary objective of this study was to examine associations between CMV IgG antibodies and grip strength in a nationally representative cohort of older adults, and the role of social factors in these associations. Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (N= 4,251; Mean Age= 67.4 years), we employed gender-stratified weighted linear regression models to estimate the mean difference in grip strength associated with tertiles of CMV IgG response controlling for age, race/ethnicity (White, Black and Hispanic) and educational attainment. For men, higher IgG antibody levels were associated with decreased mean grip strength. For example, men in the highest level of IgG antibody had a grip strength of 37.67 kg (95% CI: 36.30, 39.05) compared to men seronegative to CMV with a grip strength of 38.96 kg (95% CI: 38.18, 39.74). For women, there was little difference in grip strength by CMV IgG response. Our findings suggest accelerated immunosenescence may be an important predictor of reduced grip strength in older adults, and critical to understanding social disparities in grip strength.
Classification of Aggressive Behaviors Based on sEMG Feature Extraction and Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Kim Youngjun , David Uchechukuwu , Noh Yeonsik 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
New surface electromyography (sEMG) feature extraction approach combined with Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Dispersion Entropy (DisEn) is proposed for classifying aggressive and normal behaviors from sEMG data. In this study, we used the sEMG physical action dataset from the UC Irvine Machine Learning repository. The raw sEMG was decomposed with EMD to obtain a set of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMF). The IMF, which includes the most discriminant feature for each action, was selected based on the analysis by Hibert Transform (HT) in the time-frequency domain. Next, the DisEn of the selected IMF was calculated as a corresponding feature. Finally, the DisEn value was tested using five different classifiers, such as LDA, Quadratic DA, k-NN, SVM, and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) for the classification task. Among these ML algorithms, we achieved classification accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with ELM as 98.44%, 100%, and 96.72%, respectively.
Preventing Cardiometabolic Disease in HIV-Infected Latino Men: The Happy Older Latinos Health Promotion Study
Authors: Jimenez Daniel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Older Latinos living with HIV have been disproportionately affected by the epidemic and experience compounded health disparities that have deepened over time. Eighteen Latinos living with HIV with a mean age of 60.3 years (SD=6.4) were enrolled in the Happy Older Latinos are Active (HOLA), a community health worker-led, multicomponent, health promotion intervention. Participants were assessed at three time points on measures of cardiometabolic risk and psychosocial functioning. We evaluated the feasibility of recruitment, retention, acceptability, and implementation of HOLA. In 4 months, we met our enrollment target with &lt;5% of eligible participants refusing participation. Participants attended over 70% of sessions and 1 participant was lost to follow up. These results indicate that HOLA is an innovative health promotion program that is uniquely tailored to address the multiple concerns that are prevalent in this community (cardiometabolic risk, psychological distress) in a nonstigmatizing and culturally acceptable manner.
Achieving Healthcare Equity: Disparities in Diagnosis, Quality of Care, and Outcomes Among People With Dementia
Authors: Rivera-Hernandez Maricruz , Kumar Amit , Kumar Amit 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) is a significant public health problem and improving the quality and efficiency of care for older adults with ADRD is a national priority. Approximately five million older adults in the United States, including 50% of nursing home residents and 20% of community-dwelling elderly, have ADRD or probable dementia. Although, the number of minorities affected by ADRD growing at an alarming rate, the diagnosis of ADRD and supportive care for this condition are more likely to be delayed among racial/ethnic minority groups. Given the need to ensure equity of care among racial and ethnic groups, there is a pressing need to understand disparities in diagnosis, access and quality of care among racial and ethnic groups with ADRD, specifically using nationally representative data. This symposium will feature four presentations that provide novel insight regarding racial disparities among people with ADRD in the community-, institution-based post-acute, and long-term settings. Individual presentations will describe 1) racial and ethnic differences in risk and protective factors of dementia and cognitive impairment without dementia; 2) racial and ethnic disparities in high-quality home health use among persons with dementia; 3) Within- and between-nursing homes racial and ethnic disparities in resident’s outcomes for people with ADRD; and 4) racial differences in transition to post-acute care and rehab utilization following hip fracture related hospitalization in patients with ADRD. Finally, there will be a discussion regarding policy and clinical implications, as well directions for future research.
Adult Protective Services’ Intervention on Elder Abuse: Using Standardized Measures for Outcomes
Authors: Liu Pi-Ju , Conrad Kendon , Wilber Kathleen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Adult Protective Services (APS) investigates and substantiates vulnerable adult abuse, neglect, and exploitation (ANE) cases. The frontline social service agency also refers or provides needed services to ANE victims. Outcomes of APS has been scarce, with definitions of outcomes varying from study to study. Using a pretest-posttest design, we partnered with San Francisco and Napa APS to measure changes of ANE harm from case investigation (pretest) to case closure (posttest) using standardized measures called the Identification, Services, and Outcomes (ISO) Matrix. Forty-five APS supervisors and caseworkers used the ISO Matrix on 2,063 cases during the six-month pilot demonstration. Dr. Pi-Ju (Marian) Liu will examine findings on changes of ANE harm and APS services that effectively decreased ANE harm. Responding to 2020’s Annual Scientific Meeting theme “Turning 75: Why Age Matters”, ANE harm and APS services will be compared between younger APS clients age 18-64 and older ones above the age of 65. Dr. Zachary Hass will discuss allegation, abuse severity assessment, services provided, and outcomes across racial and language groups. Dr. Kendon Conrad will present reliability and validity of the ISO Matrix and a shorter version useful for APS practice. Ms Sara Stratton will review unusual cases with outlier ISO Matrix scores to inform researchers’ implementation and practitioners’ use of standardized measures. Dr. Kathleen Wilber, our discussant, will reflect on the use of standardized measures in APS and its impact on both practice and research based on the four presentations.
Science and Self: Aging as Woven
Authors: Kivnick Helen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Gerontology is a field both scientific and practice-based. Aging, the subject of this field, is an experience in which all human beings participate. But scientific pillars of objectivity, quantifiability, control, and external validity have long mitigated against gerontological scholars effectively moving back and forth between professional scholarship and practice, on the one hand, and personal experience, on the other. Qualitative research approaches, informed by the humanities and arts, utilize alternative ways of knowing that, when added to positivistic science, enable us to construct a body of gerontological knowledge that is robust and useful, and that also incorporates wisdom. Aging, wisdom, and integrality—these all matter. Although often mischaracterized, Erikson’s theory of healthy psychosocial development throughout the life-cycle (Erikson, Erikson, & Kivnick, 1986) weaves these constructs together in ways that can meaningfully inform professional and personal experiences of gerontology. This presentation illustrates one aging gerontologist’s engagement with such weaving.
Applied Scholarship in LGBTQ Aging: Implications for Policy and Practice
Authors: Oswald Austin , Fabbre Vanessa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) elders have shown considerable strength while aging in a society predicated on heteronormative and binary expectations for gender and sexuality. The life trajectories of LGBTQ older adults are shaped by discrimination and stigmatization, and the embodied resistance that comes with demanding their full participation and recognition in society. This symposium highlights the innovative scholarship of emerging scholars in the field of LGBTQ aging who are engaging in diverse substantive and methodological investigations. The first study takes a comparative cohort approach to explore differences in stressors and depressive symptomatology between younger and older sexual minorities, highlighting the significance of cohort effects among LGBTQ people. The second paper uses data from the Health and Retirement Study to examine anticipated nursing home placement needs between LGB and heterosexual adults with suggestions to better prepare aging service networks. The third describes the influence of state legislature mandating LGBTQ-sensitivity training by examining differences in provider baseline knowledge and attitudes toward LGBTQ older adults in two states, one mandating LGBTQ-sensitivity training and one not. The final paper highlights findings from a multi-methods study that explores how long-term care workers, managers, and administrators respond when staff, visitors, or residents challenge LGBTQ rights for religious and moral reasons. Although substantively and methodologically varied, these studies all demonstrate the importance of applied scholarship that builds knowledge in support of policies and practices that promote equity among LGBTQ individuals across the life course. Rainbow Research Group Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
Honoring Choice in Grief Through Expressive Arts With Long-Term Care Residents
Authors: Olson Michelle 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Death in long-term residential care homes is a common occurrence, yet it is often taboo and strongly avoided. Staff and residents often express deep connections to one another in these settings, but when death occurs, there is often little to no support, training or space to share these feelings. This session will discuss the findings of Dr. Olson’s multicase, arts-based research from the elder voices of those who face these losses. Perceptions such as disenfranchised grief and ageism were revealed in this study as well as positive expressions such as love, kindness and acceptance. The shared findings will include poetry and artwork that was created within this research study. Utilizing the creative arts can assist in the expression of these complex and abstract human emotions, instill a sense of comfort and community and empower honor these lives and friendships.
A Place for Us: A Unique Experience That Provides a Creative and Social Experience for People With Dementia
Authors: Mittelman Mary , Harris Amy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A Place for Us meets weekly in community locations for a half day and is run by a recreation therapist who is also an artist, offering an opportunity to connect with others through participation in creative projects. We have found that collaborating in creating a piece of art, such as a collage provides a context for socializing. Since the program began in 2017, we provided this opportunity to 83 caregivers. The program has broad appeal and has included both men (54%) and women (46%) and people from many racial and ethnic backgrounds: 62.3% white, 13 percent African American, 7% Latino and 5% Asian. Our experience suggests that Interacting through collaborative projects utilizing what has been called, “The creative brain,” offers people with dementia an opportunity to feel at ease in this social setting. A Place for Us allows people to interact socially while engaging in a pleasant and normative activity.
Melatonin Use for Sleep in Assisted Living
Authors: Peketi Punita , Zimmerman Sheryl , Miller Stephanie , Wretman Christopher , Preisser John , Sloane Philip 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Sleep problems are common among residents of assisted living (AL) communities, and in other settings, melatonin is used to promote sleep. However, melatonin use in AL is unknown; because it may have side-effects, this knowledge gap is concerning. To address this question, data were collected across 250 AL communities in seven states; analyses used weights whereby data were scaled to represent the entirety of the states. The majority of communities prescribed melatonin (82%), albeit to a minority of residents (9%). Prescribing was more common for those with anxiety, sleep-wake disorders, dementia, and various behaviors, in communities that had more staff and more favorable non-pharmacological attitudes (p&lt;.05). Dosages varied from 0-45 mg and co-prescribing was common. This study is the first to examine melatonin prescribing in AL; use may be appropriate if, for example, it is a replacement for hypnotics. The variation suggests practices may be modifiable; further research is needed.