bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatigue and quality of life among older coronavirus disease 2019 survivors
Authors: Uvais N. A. , Sukumaran Goutham Thevarkandiyil , Moideen Shamsudeen , Vaseel M. , Rahman A. M. Ashfaq U. , Jalal Jesiya 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Fatigue is a common post-illness symptom that significantly impacts the quality of life (QoL), especially among elderly individuals. The long-term effects of COVID-19 on fatigue and QoL in elderly survivors remain under-explored.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aims to examine the prevalence of fatigue and its impact on the quality of life among elderly COVID-19 survivors.

Materials and Methods:
Data were collected from a tertiary care hospital in India, involving 99 participants aged over 50 years. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained via structured interviews. Fatigue was assessed using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 questionnaire, while QoL was measured with the WHOQOL-BREF Scale.

Results:
Significant positive correlations were found between age and fatigue. Fatigue scores were notably higher in the physical fatigue and reduced activity domains. Overall QoL scores were significantly negatively correlated with fatigue scores.

Conclusion:
This study underscores the importance of addressing fatigue in post-COVID-19 care for elderly survivors, as fatigue significantly impacts their quality of life.
An approach to a geropsychiatric assessment
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Avasthi Ajit 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
The psychiatric assessment of elderly differs from assessment of adult patients on various accounts. In this continuing medical education series, we discuss the generic aspects of psychiatric assessment of elderly. In this document we describe the SAFEST approach for psychiatric evaluation of elderly. This involves understanding the signs and symptoms [S], Additional Diagnosis- comorbid physical and psychiatric diagnosis [A], level of functioning, frailty, falls, forceful acts-abuse, forensic issues [F], collecting extra information pertaining to nutritional status, the environment in which the patient is living, constipation, urinary symptoms (incontinence/retention), and weight loss [E], understanding the ongoing stressors, suicidality, substance use disorder, sleep-related issues, sexual history, supervision of medication, safety issues, social support, spirituality and religiousness [S] and collecting the treatment history [T]. Clinicians should also give due importance to physical examination. While carrying out the mental status examination due importance must be given to assessment of cognitive functions. Basic investigations must be carried out in all the elderly patients, whenever feasible before starting psychotropic medications. A detailed case formulation should be made by taking the history, physical examination findings, mental status examination findings and the investigations.
Socio-economic Status Scales in India & Globally: A Review
Authors: Lakhumna Rachita , Pore Prasad D. , Wadhwa Saurabh K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Socio Economic Status (SES) Scales as used for investigating social status and related health conditions are comprehensively reviewed for their background, development, strengths, weaknesses and popularity. They measure components such as education, occupation, income and possessions either individually or in combination for urban/rural population. Level of socio-economic status is in turn related to health status. Although carrying limitations, yet Kuppuswamy, BG Prasad and Udai Pareek remain the most accepted, updated and longstanding Indian scales. Others scales such as Tiwari and Kumar, Gaur and Agarwal can also be harnessed. Below Poverty Line (BPL) scale and multidimensional poverty index, Hashim and identical scales should also be applied to identify BPL families for delivering medical benefits through a government initiative such as- Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana. Few international scales are also discussed. Nevertheless, a combination of scales or an all-encompassing scale with the most relevant classification of the Indian society and identification of the poor is always desired by researchers and policy makers for a reasonable outcome.
Social Stigmatisation among Tuberculosis Patients and Community People in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Dutta Goutam K. , Rahman Md. Mostafizur , Bhattacharyya Dipika S. , Rahman Md. Musfikur , Dey Palash K. , Nur Mosa E. , Alom Kazi Robiul 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
This study aims to investigate social perceptions and prejudice towards tuberculosis (TB) in Bangladesh and how these perceptions and prejudice contribute to retain social stigma among patients and community people.

Materials and Methods:
Authors employed phenomenological approach and conducted 20 in-depth interviews with TB patients and their caregivers at the hospital, using maximum variation purposive sampling to capture a wide range of perspectives and contexts.

Results:
Thematic analysis revealed that many participants believed societal misperception and prejudices fuel the stigmatisation of TB. Furthermore, misconceptions about the disease’s incurability were widespread, with non-infected participants expressing reluctance to interact with TB patients. In addition, findings indicated that patients often faced isolation from family and society due to stigma.

Conclusion:
These insights underscore the need for culturally sensitive interventions to bridge healthcare gaps and enhance community awareness about TB and its impact in Bangladesh.
An introduction to quantitative and qualitative approaches for researchers
Authors: Hyer Stephen 
Published: December 2024

Research is important. It adds to our knowledge base, improves practice, shows which practices are effective and which are not, provides evidence to inform policy debates, and helps us as health professionals become better practitioners. Findings from research are shared at scientific meetings, conferences, and in medical journals such as this one.
To be useful, research must be carried out ethically, with full disclosure of how the data were collected. The researchers must have used appropriate statistical methods to analyse their data. This is vital if we are to draw valid conclusions and potentially change practice.
This paper will discuss quantitative and qualitative approaches used in research studies. By the end of this paper, you should understand the differences between the two approaches, and which is best suited for your planned research.
Revoicing Science
Authors: Lertola Jennifer 
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a pre-experimental study aimed at investigating the potential benefits of intralingual voice-over (VO) tasks using educational Science videos to enhance speaking skills. The pre-experimental study involved 24 English for Specific Purposes (ESP) postgraduate students of Biology in a blended learning modality over five weeks. Data were collected through speaking pre- and post-tests, a feedback questionnaire and teacher’s observation. The research design of the pre-experimental study was informed by a pilot study planned to explore the potential of intralingual VO tasks using educational Science videos to develop listening and reading skills in a group of 20 ESP postgraduate students of Biology in synchronous online classes over five weeks. The pilot is briefly presented and discussed, as it sets the basis for the current pre-experimental study, which follows a one-group pretest-post-test design, and led to focusing on enhancing speaking skills. Findings of the pre-experimental study support previous research on the beneficial use of VO in the development of speaking skills. These findings encourage further research on didactic VO, especially with similar content videos, to investigate its potential in integrated language skills and ESP-vocabulary acquisition.

Lay summary
This paper shares the results of a study that looked at whether using voice-over tasks of educational science videos can help students get better at speaking. The study involved 24 Biology postgraduate students in an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program. The students took part in a mix of online and in-person learning for five weeks.
Data were collected by having the students do speaking tests before and after the study, giving them a questionnaire to get their feedback, and having the teacher observe their progress. Before this study, a smaller pilot study was done with 20 Biology postgraduate students in online classes. The pilot helped designing this current study, that uses a design in which a single group of participants is tested before and after a treatment or intervention.
The results of this study show that using voice-over tasks can improve speaking skills, supporting what other studies have found. This suggests that using voice-over, especially in videos with similar content, could be useful for improving overall language skills and learning specialized vocabulary.
Analisis Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Effective Tax Rate Pada Pada Perusahaan Barang Konsumsi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2022
Authors: Nataherwin Nataherwin , Widyasari Widyasari , Febe Margareta , Pangestu Juan Carlos 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Effective Tax Rate Pada Pada Perusahaan Barang Konsumsi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2019-2022. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dimana data diambil dari Bursa Efek Indonesia dan Website Perusahaan. Populasi dan Sampel yang digunakan berasal dari Perusahaan sektor Barang konsumsi yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2019 – 2022. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengujian asumsi klasik (Uji Normalitas, Uji autokorelasi, Uji multikolinearitas, uji heteroskedastisitas), Pengujian secara simultan ( Uji F) dan analisis regresi linear berganda. Variabel Dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah Effective Tax rate sedangkan variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah Leverage (DER), Profitabilitas dan Ukuran Perusahaan.Hasil pengujian partial (uji t) menunjukkan hanya variabel profitabilitas yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap Effective Tax Rate. Variabel Independen lainnya seperti Leverage dan ukuran perusahaan tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Effective Tax Rate. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan mengubah variabel ukuran perusahaan menjadi variabel moderasi dan menambahkan variabel non keuangan seperti dewan direksi, Komisaris Independen, Peraturan perpajakan dan lainnya.
Variations in the biological pump throughout the Miocene: evidence from organic carbon burial in Pacific Ocean sediments
Authors: Lyle Mitchell , Olivarez Lyle Annette 
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The biological pump, defined as the marine biological production and sedimentation of particulate organic carbon (POC), is a fundamental process for fixing atmospheric carbon dioxide in the oceans, transferring carbon away from the atmosphere to the deep ocean, and maintaining the CO2 level of the atmosphere. The level of carbon sequestration caused by the biological pump has varied throughout the last 50 million years, from particularly weak during the warm Eocene period to much stronger during the Holocene. However, persistently warm climates from the more recent past, e.g., the Miocene Climate Optimum (MCO; 17 to 13.8 Ma – million years ago), also affected the biological sequestration of carbon. A series of scientific ocean drill sites from the equatorial Pacific exhibit very low percentages of sedimentary POC from the period prior to 14 Ma but show higher and much more variable POC percentages from the period afterwards. Although lower absolute productivity may have contributed to more limited POC burial during the MCO, higher relative POC degradation also occurred. Ratios of POC to other productivity indicators indicate a greater relative loss of POC. Temperature records suggest that higher levels of POC degradation occurred in the upper water column and that global cooling strengthened the biological pump but led to more burial variability. Similar records of low POC levels during the MCO can be found in the North Pacific, suggesting that this was a global – rather than regional – change. A weakened biological pump during warm climate intervals helps to sustain periods of global warmth.
Landscape response to tectonic deformation and cyclic climate change since ca. 800 ka in the southern central Andes
Authors: Orr Elizabeth N. , Schildgen Taylor F. , Tofelde Stefanie , Wittmann Hella , Alonso Ricardo N. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Theory suggests that the response time of alluvial channel long profiles to perturbations in climate is related to the magnitude of the forcing and the length of the system. Shorter systems may record a higher frequency of forcing compared to longer systems. Empirical field evidence that system length plays a role in the climate periodicity preserved within the sedimentary record is, however, sparse. The Toro Basin in the Eastern Cordillera of NW Argentina provides an opportunity to test these theoretical relationships, as this single source-to-sink system contains a range of sediment deposits, located at varying distances from the source. A suite of eight alluvial fan deposits is preserved along the western flanks of the Sierra de Pascha. Farther downstream, a flight of cut-and-fill terraces has been linked to eccentricity-driven (100 kyr) climate cycles since ca. 500 ka. We applied cosmogenic radionuclide (10Be) exposure dating to the fan surfaces to explore (1) how channel responses to external perturbations may or may not propagate downstream and (2) the differences in landscape response to forcing frequency as a function of channel length. We identified two generations of fan surfaces: the first (G1) records surface activity and abandonment between ca. 800 and 500 ka, and the second (G2) does so within the last 100 kyr. G1 fans record a prolonged phase of net incision, which has been recognized throughout the central Andes and was likely triggered by enhanced 100 kyr global glacial cycles following the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT). Relative fan surface stability followed, while 100 kyr cut-and-fill cycles occurred downstream, suggesting a disconnect in behavior between the two channel reaches. G2 fans record higher-frequency climate forcing, possibly the result of precessional forcing of climate (ca. 21/40 kyr timescales). The lack of a high-frequency signal farther downstream provides field support for theoretical predictions of a filtering of high-frequency climate forcing with increasing channel length. We show that multiple climate periodicities can be preserved within the sedimentary record of a single basin. Differences in the timing of alluvial fan and fluvial terrace development in the Toro Basin appear to be associated with how channel length affects fluvial response times to climate forcing and local controls on net incision, such as tectonic deformation.
The role of neotectonics and climate variability in the Pleistocene-to-Holocene hydrological evolution of the Fuente de Piedra playa lake (southern Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Jiménez-Bonilla Alejandro , Martegani Lucía , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Miguel , Gázquez Fernando , Díaz-Azpíroz Manuel , Martos Sergio , Reicherter Klaus , Expósito Inmaculada 
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Playa lakes that developed in semi-arid regions are sensitive to water input reductions, which may be influenced not only by climate changes and human management, but also by changes in the size of the watershed. We conducted an interdisciplinary study combining structural, geomorphic, sedimentological, mineralogical and hydrological analyses to better understand the evolution of the Fuente de Piedra (FdP) playa lake in southern Spain. By using previously published temperature and precipitation reconstructions, we assessed the potential evapotranspiration and runoff to estimate the maximum lake level during the FdP playa-lake lifespan (>35 ka). Our results indicate that the FdP playa-lake level never exceeded 5 m, although deposits at its north-eastern margin are up to 15 m above the current lake bed at present. These lacustrine deposits are slightly tilted towards the south-west. The electrical conductivity profiles of groundwater on the FdP's shore and in its surroundings reveal a more pronounced interface between brackish water and brine in the northern part of the basin compared to the southern part. This implies that saline water once occupied the northern playa-lake margin in an area that is hardly ever flooded at present. The presence of reworked gypsum in the sedimentary sequence of the southern margin (down to a depth of 14 m) indicates substantial erosion of prior gypsum deposits that are possibly redistributed from northern deposition areas. Altogether, our data suggest a south-westerly displacement of the playa-lake depocentre caused by an uplift of the eastern area and subsidence of the south-western area. This shift is congruent with the combined effect of both the La Nava sinistral–normal fault and the Las Latas dextral–normal fault at the eastern and southern margins of the FdP playa lake. Consequently, the FdP flooded surface mostly remained constant and in equilibrium with climate variables and its watershed along its lifespan. The south-westerly displacement of the flooded surface was provoked by the recent tectonic activity.
ESTIMATIONS OF PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND NON- ENZYMATIC ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTITUSSIVE, EXPECTORANT AND ANALGESIC PROPERTIES OF POLYHERBAL-FORMULATED TEA
Authors: Uwaya D. O. , Onoyivbe E. , Osemwegie M. 
Published: December 2024

For centuries, people have utilized combined herbal teas to address a diverse range of human health conditions like cough, cold and catarrh, pneumonia, pain arthritis, cardiovascular problems. This study aims to enumerate phytochemical composition and non-enzymatic antioxidants while also assessing the antitussive, expectorant, and analgesic properties of a polyherbal-formulated tea (Zingiber officiale, Moringa olifera, Allium sativum, Curcuma longa, Citrus limon, and Syzygium aromaticum). Colimetric methods were used to evaluate the phytochemical composition and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The antitussive efficacy of the tea was tested using citric acid, and ammonium produced cough. Researchers investigated the expectorant activity by secreting phenol dye in mice. The analgesic effect of the tea was investigated utilizing a hot plate and an acetic acid-induced writhing animal model. The findings demonstrate that the polyherbal tea includes flavonoids (143.10±7.71mg/g), alkaloids (58.33±8.34mg/g), phenolic compounds (92.83±2.33mg/g), vitamin C (474.70±27.42mg/g), carotenoids (36.00±1.16mg/g), and lycopene (47.58±8.56mg/g).The tea reduced the number of cough bouts in mice (p<0.05) compared to the control in ammonium-induced cough in mice and citric acid-induced cough in guinea pigs. It also enhanced phenol red dye secretion (p<0.05) compared with the control in the expectorant trial. In analgesic experiments, the polyherbal tea increased the pain latency time compared to the control group (p<0.05) in hot plate-induced pain in mice. It alsodecreased number of writhing mice compared to controls (p<0.01) in acetic-induced pain in mice. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the polyherbal tea has antitussive, expectorant, and analgesic properties. The antitussive, expectorant, and analgesic activity might be because of the phytochemicals and antioxidants present.
Caóticamente hermoso: experiencia de un equipo de aula en el proceso educativo de estudiantes con autismo en una escuela regular del norte de Chile
Authors: Zenteno Osorio Sebastián , Julio Galaz Karen 
Published: December 2024

Actualmente la matrícula de estudiantes con autismo en escuelas regulares está en aumento. Su inclusión al contexto escolar demanda un desafío constante para las comunidades educativas, específicamente para los equipos de aula. Su objetivo es comprender la experiencia de un equipo de aula sobre su trabajo educativo con estudiantes con autismo en una escuela en el norte de Chile. Se utilizó metodología cualitativa, se aplicó entrevista triangular episódica a un equipo de aula de una escuela en el norte de Chile y se analizaron los resultados aplicando análisis de contenido temático. A partir del análisis se identificaron tres categorías que describen la experiencia: Creencias sobre estudiantes con Espectro Autista, Características del trabajo del equipo de aula. y Valoración del trabajo con estudiantes con Espectro Autista. Se concluye que el equipo de aula conceptualiza el autismo desde una perspectiva centrada en el déficit. En su quehacer educativo con estudiantes con autismo identifican el trabajo colaborativo, la comunicación y apoyo de directivos como facilitadores de su quehacer. Valoran su trabajo con estudiantes con autismo como una experiencia “caóticamente hermosa”, dando cuenta de una dualidad entre experiencias positivas y negativas. El rol de asistente de aula emerge como hallazgo para seguir profundizando.
Upaya Peningkatan Literasi Menggunakan Metode Bimbingan Belajar Kelompok Siswa Kelas V
Authors: Marindo Alfionita Frederika , Kua Maria Yuliana 
Published: December 2024

SDK Wolowio merupakan salah satu sekolah dasar yang terletak di Kecamatan Bajawa, yang mengalami penurunan nilai literasi. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah metode pembelajaran yang cenderung berfokus pada penjelasan materi oleh guru, sehingga proses pembelajaran yang terjadi bersifat satu arah. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, peneliti menerapkan metode bimbingan belajar kelompok dalam proses pembelajaran. Tujuan dari metode ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan literasi siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Dengan Subjek penelitian ini adalah 19 siswa kelas V di SDK Wolowio, Kecamatan Bajawa, Kabupaten Ngada, pada tahun pelajaran 2023/2024. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan dalam nilai siswa setelah diterapkannya metode bimbingan belajar kelompok. Sebelum penerapan metode tersebut, nilai rata-rata siswa sangat rendah, yaitu 35,64. Namun, setelah dilakukan bimbingan belajar kelompok, nilai rata-rata siswa meningkat menjadi 69,47. Peningkatan yang signifikan antara hasil pre-test dan post-test ini menunjukkan bahwa metode bimbingan belajar kelompok sangat efektif dan dapat digunakan oleh pendidik di mana saja untuk mengatasi masalah serupa.