bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial to mesenchymal transition during neonatal hyperoxia‐induced pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Gong Jiannan , Feng Zihang , Peterson Abigail L , Carr Jennifer F , Vang Alexander , Braza Julie , Choudhary Gaurav , Dennery Phyllis A , Yao Hongwei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease in premature infants, results from mechanical ventilation and hyperoxia, amongst other factors. Although most BPD survivors can be weaned from supplemental oxygen, many show evidence of cardiovascular sequelae in adulthood, including pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Endothelial–mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) plays an important role in mediating vascular remodeling in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Whether hyperoxic exposure, a known mediator of BPD in rodent models, causes EndoMT resulting in vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension remains unclear. We hypothesized that neonatal hyperoxic exposure causes EndoMT, leading to the development of pulmonary hypertension in adulthood. To test this hypothesis, newborn mice were exposed to hyperoxia and then allowed to recover in room air until adulthood. Neonatal hyperoxic exposure gradually caused pulmonary vascular and right ventricle remodeling as well as pulmonary hypertension. Male mice were more susceptible to developing pulmonary hypertension compared to female mice, when exposed to hyperoxia as newborns. Hyperoxic exposure induced EndoMT in mouse lungs as well as in cultured lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMVECs) isolated from neonatal mice and human fetal donors. This was augmented in cultured LMVECs from male donors compared to those from female donors. Using primary mouse LMVECs, hyperoxic exposure increased phosphorylation of both Smad2 and Smad3, but reduced Smad7 protein levels. Treatment with a selective TGF‐β inhibitor SB431542 blocked hyperoxia‐induced EndoMT in vitro. Altogether, we show that neonatal hyperoxic exposure caused vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension in adulthood. This was associated with increased EndoMT. These novel observations provide mechanisms underlying hyperoxia‐induced vascular remodeling and potential approaches to prevent BPD‐associated pulmonary hypertension by targeting EndoMT. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Safe administration of high‐dose methotrexate with minimal drug level monitoring: Experience from a center in north India
Authors: Dhingra Himani , Kalra Manas , Mahajan Amita 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is recommended to be administered with serial monitoring of methotrexate (MTX) levels, which may not be universally feasible in resource‐limited settings. In this study, we evaluated the overall experience of administration of HDMTX at our center by monitoring a single drug level at 54 h from the start of MTX infusion.MethodsThis retrospective study was performed at a tertiary level hospital in north India, over a 5‐year period (2011‐2015). All patients <18 years of age with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and T‐non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (T‐NHL) were enrolled in the study. Details of HDMTX and all significant toxicities requiring prolonged or repeat hospitalization were retrieved from the medical records. All eligible patients received HDMTX as per the recommendations followed by at least three doses of leucovorin rescue, before drug levels were sent at 54 h. Subsequent leucovorin doses were adjusted accordingly.ResultsThe records of 598 cycles of HDMTX in 184 patients were reviewed. A total of 531 of 598 cycles (88.7%) were managed with monitoring only a single plasma drug level at 54 h from the beginning of infusion. Delayed MTX clearance was seen in 260 of 598 cycles (43.5%). Only three episodes (0.5%) were associated with significant toxicity. There were no deaths.ConclusionsThe strategy of monitoring MTX concentration at 54 h was safe in our cohort. Although recommended, dynamic monitoring of plasma drug levels may not always predict toxicity.
Dielectric and interfacial properties investigation of poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate) copolymer/organomodified beidellite clay nanocomposites
Authors: Taktak Sirine , Hammami Helmi , Kallel Ali , Bouharras Fatima Ezzahra , Raihane Mustapha 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe dielectric properties of fluorinated cyano copolymer poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐2,2,2‐Trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (poly[AN‐co‐MATRIF]), reinforced with a natural Moroccan beidellite nanoclay organomodified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were studied. The effect of varying nanofillers loadings (1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt%) on the molecular dynamics was investigated using broadband dielectric spectroscopy from 10−1 to 106 Hz and temperatures ranging between 30°C to 100°C. For the copolymer matrix, the real (ε′) and imaginary parts (ε′′) of the dielectric permittivity curves revealed three dielectric processes: the secondary β, the primary α and an ionic conduction phenomenon. Furthermore, incorporating of organomodified nanoclay, generated an additional relaxation process known as the Maxwell‐Wagner‐Sillars (MWS) interfacial polarization. The interface properties were investigated through the calculation of the strength parameters ∆εMWS using the WinFit impedance analysis software. At the range of 3 wt% of load, the orientation of the dipolar groups is reduced, caused by the high interaction and the strong adhesion involving the poly(AN‐co‐MATRIF) matrix and beidellite nanoclay. The part of nanoinclusions participating in the particle‐polymer interaction is increased, forming a rigid polymer/clay interfaces. The evaluated parameters confirm that a weight ratio of 3% of organomodified nanoclay is recommended to obtain a most performing nanocomposite that can serve in several applications such as fuel cells, lithium ion batteries, and photovoltaics.
Development and characterizations of ultra‐high molecular weight EPDM/PP based TPV nanocomposites for automotive applications
Authors: Bhattacharya Asit Baran , Raju Aswathy T. , Chatterjee Tuhin , Naskar Kinsuk 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis research article reports, the preparation of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) and TPV nanocomposites (TPVNs) based on EPDM and polypropylene (PP). New generation ultra‐high molecular weight EPDM (UHMW‐EPDM) and PP with nano‐fillers (nano‐clay and nano‐silica) and has been studied and characterized extensively typically for automotive applications. This special type of UHM‐EPDM‐based TPVs exhibit superior physico‐mechanical properties over conventional EPDM‐based TPVs and in the presence of nano‐fillers, they show even better physical properties. The TPVNs were prepared with a fixed EPDM: PP ratio and the nano fillers were varied at different concentrations. The influence of nano‐fillers, especially hectorite nano‐clay and nano‐silica has been first explored through physico‐mechanical properties. Tensile strength, elongation at break, and modulus at various strain are improved for nano‐filler filled TPVNs. We have observed that due to the incorporation of nano‐fillers into the TPV matrix, swelling has been decreased. From morphology (AFM, SEM) study, it is observed that the fillers are well dispersed in the TPV matrix and nano‐silica fillers are well dispersed than nano‐clay (hectorite). Furthermore, small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) studies have also been pursued to get a better insight into the TPV system. These newly developed TPVs can be used as potential candidates for application in the automotive sector.
Multiple‐stage drawn ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/activated carbon fibers prepared with the assistance of supercritical CO2
Authors: Zhang Jiaxin , Lei Ting , Yeh Jen‐Taut 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRemarkable improved achievable draw ratios (DRs) and tensile strengths (σts) of multiple‐stage drawn ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/functionalized activated carbon (FAC) fibers prepared with the aid of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) were first reported. The achievable DRs and σts of single‐ and multiple‐stage drawn scCO2UHMWPE/FAC fibers were considerably higher than those achievable DRs and σts found for the corresponding single‐ and multiple‐stage drawn UHMWPE/FAC fibers spun from gel solutions gelatinized in nitrogen atmosphere. It is worth noting that the largest achievable DR obtained for the most proper five‐stage drawn scCO2UHMWPE/FAC fiber approached 688, which is approximately 40% larger than the achievable DR found for the single‐stage drawn scCO2F100FAC13.50.1 fiber. The σt found for the most proper five‐stage drawn scCO2UHMWPE/FAC fiber reached an extraordinarily high value of 13.4 GPa, which is ∼4.6, ∼1.6 and, ∼1.4 times of those σts found for the optimal single‐stage drawn UHMWPE, UHMWPE/FAC and scCO2UHMWPE/FAC fibers, respectively. Considerably smaller lamellar thicknesses and dynamic transition temperatures were detected for scCO2UHMWPE and scCO2UHMWPE/FAC as‐prepared fibers compared with the equivalent UHMWPE and UHMWPE/FAC as‐prepared fibers, respectively. Specific surface area, morphological, and Fourier transform infrared analyses of the FAC particles and orientation factor analyses of the single‐ and multiple‐stage drawn UHMWPE, UHMWPE/FAC, scCO2UHMWPE, and scCO2UHMWPE/FAC fibers were performed. Possible reasons accounting for the remarkable improved achievable DRs and σts found for the proper single‐ or multiple‐stage drawn scCO2UHMWPE/FAC fibers are proposed.
Confirmation rate of cell free DNA screening for sex chromosomal abnormalities according to the method of confirmatory testing
Authors: Lüthgens Kai , Grati Francesca Romana , Sinzel Monika , Häbig Karina , Kagan Karl Oliver 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the positive predictive value (PPV) of cfDNA screening for sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCA) in a large series of over 90 000 patients.MethodsRetrospective study based on samples that were sent to Cenata, a private laboratory which uses the Harmony Prenatal Test. The SCA high‐risk results were stratified according to the method of diagnostic testing and according to karyotype result.ResultsThe study population consisted of 144 cases. The CfDNA test indicated monosomy X, XXX, XXY, and XYY in 62, 37, 40, and 5 cases, respectively. The overall PPV was 38.9% (30.9‐47.4), 29.0% (18.2‐42.9) for monosomy X, 29.7% (15.9‐47.9) for 47,XXX, 57.5% (40.9‐73.0) for 47,XXY, and 80.0% (28.4‐99.5) for 47,XYY). A total of 112 (77.8%) women with a high‐risk result for SCAs opted for prenatal karyotyping. In this group, there were significant differences in the PPV if the karyotype was assessed by amniocentesis or by CVS: 29.5% vs 50.0%. This significant difference was driven by the monosomy X result which shows a significantly higher PPV in CVS (54.6% (23.4‐83.3) vs 17.1% (6.6‐33.6)). For the other SCAs, the differences were not significant.ConclusionPPV of an abnormal cfDNA test for SCAs is low, particularly for monosomy X. The confirmation rate depends on the type of confirmatory test.
Degradation of copper‐plated silicon solar cells with damp heat stress
Authors: Karas Joseph , Michaelson Lynne , Munoz Krystal , Jobayer Hossain Mohammad , Schneller Eric , Davis Kristopher O. , Bowden Stuart , Augusto André 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCrystalline silicon solar cells with copper‐plated contacts are fabricated, encapsulated in ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA), and subject to extended damp heat stress (85° C and 85% relative humidity). We source cell precursors from several different cell manufacturers and employ several different patterning methods of the silicon nitride layer and deposit a plated front contact stack of nickel, copper, and tin using light‐induced plating. Across different Cu‐plated samples, we find similar degradation that impacts both series resistance and diode quality of the cells, indicating that there is some degradation of the p‐n junction. The overall degradation is on the order of 15%–20% of maximum power (PMP), and roughly half of this degradation is attributable to degradation of the p‐n junction. Control samples with silver‐screenprinted contacts do not exhibit the same degradation, and p‐n junction degradation in copper‐plated samples is prevented by changing the encapsulant from EVA to a polyolefin. The degradation mode is hypothesized to be the diffusion of copper from the contact, followed by the transport of this copper into the silicon cell via some mechanism facilitated by the degraded EVA encapsulant.
A combined physiological and biophysical approach to understand the ligand‐dependent efficiency of 3‐hydroxy‐4‐pyridinone Fe‐chelates
Authors: Santos Carla S. , Leite Andreia , Vinhas Sílvia , Ferreira Sofia , Moniz Tânia , Vasconcelos Marta W. , Rangel Maria 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLigands of the 3‐hydroxy‐4‐pyridinone (3,4‐HPO) class were considered eligible to formulate new Fe fertilizers for Iron Deficiency Chlorosis (IDC). Soybean (Glycine max L.) plants grown in hydroponic conditions and supplemented with Fe‐chelate [Fe(mpp)3] were significantly greener, had increased biomass, and were able to translocate more iron from the roots to the shoots than those supplemented with an equal amount of the commercially available chelate [FeEDDHA]. To understand the influence of the structure of 3,4‐HPO ligand on the role of the Fe‐chelate to improve Fe‐uptake, we investigated and report here the effect of Fe‐chelates ([Fe(mpp)3], [Fe(dmpp)3], and [Fe(etpp)3]) in addressing IDC. Chlorosis development was assessed by measurement of morphological parameters, quantification of chlorophyll and Fe, and other micronutrient contents, as well as measurement of enzymatic activity (FCR) and gene expression (FRO2, IRT1, and Ferritin). All [Fe(3,4‐HPO)3] chelates were able to provide Fe to plants and prevent IDC but with a different efficiency depending on the ligand. We hypothesize that this may be related with the distinct physicochemical characteristics of ligands and complexes, namely, the diverse hydrophilic–lipophilic balance of the three chelates. To test the hypothesis, we performed an EPR biophysical study using liposomes prepared from a soybean (Glycine3 max L.) lipid extract and spin probes. The results showed that the most effective chelate [Fe(mpp)3] shows a preferential location close to the surface while the others prefer the hydrophobic region inside the bilayer.Significance statementThe 3‐hydroxy‐4‐pyridinone Fe‐chelates, [Fe(mpp)3], [Fe(dmpp)3], and [Fe(etpp)3], were all able to provide Fe to plants and prevent IDC. Efficacy is dependent on the structure of the ligand. From an EPR biophysical study using spin probes and liposomes, prepared from a soybean lipid extract, we hypothesize that this may be related with the distinct preferential location close to the surface or on the hydrophobic region of the lipid bilayer. [Fe(mpp)3] provide higher amounts of Fe in the leaves.
Cancer Rehabilitation Providers and Oncology Patient Expectations for Functional Outcomes after Inpatient Rehabilitation
Authors: Gupta Ekta , Ng Amy H. , Fu Jack B. , Yadav Rajesh , Ngo‐Huang An , Bansal Swati , Park Minjeong , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundCancer rehabilitation is a valued resource for patients and oncologists. Cancer rehabilitation providers are seeing increasing numbers of referrals for inpatient rehabilitation as the number of cancer survivors grows. However, cancer rehabilitation providers, oncologists, therapists, patients, and caregivers may not always clearly communicate the goals of care, which can lead to different expectations for inpatient rehabilitation.ObjectiveTo determine the difference in expectations of function after an acute inpatient rehabilitation stay between cancer patients and cancer rehabilitation providers and how they align with achieved goals after treatment.DesignProspective survey study.SettingQuaternary academic medical center inpatient rehabilitation unit.ParticipantsOut of 194 eligible patients, 132 were enrolled and completed admission surveys, and 110 completed the discharge survey. Twelve cancer rehabilitation providers completed the surveys.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresBarthel Index.ResultsPatients estimated their expected functional status as a median (interquartile range) score of 19 points (18, 20) using the Barthel Index, compared to cancer rehabilitation providers, who estimated a median score of 17 points (15, 19) (P < .001). Actual functional status upon discharge was a median score of 16 points (13, 18) using the Barthel Index, which was three points lower than expected by patients (P < .001).ConclusionsOncology patients and cancer rehabilitation providers significantly overestimate functional goals for acute inpatient rehabilitation. This overestimation was clinically significant for oncology patients and statistically but not clinically significant for cancer rehabilitation providers. Increased communication may allow for a more realistic expectation of functional status upon discharge.
Role of carbonate electrolytes on interaction of quinolone drug with anionic surfactant at various temperatures: A conductometric study
Authors: Mahbub Shamim , Islam Mohayminul , Masum Abuzayed , Akter Parul , Hoque Md. Anamul , Kumar Dileep , Khan Farah , Rub Malik Abdul , Alfaifi Sulaiman Y.M. , Asiri Abdullah M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe role of different carbonate salts on the interaction of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with employed quinolone antibiotic drug (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride [CFH]) was explosively inspected through measuring specific conductivity (κ) of the investigated system. The drug, CFH, is an excellent antibiotic for the treatment of different bacterial infections like skin, urinary tract, and respiratory infections. The estimated critical micelle concentrations (cmc) of SDS were observed to be dwindled in the attendance of electrolytes andcmcreduction continues with the escalation of the electrolyte's concentration. The magnitudes ofcmcfor the SDS + CFH mixture were reduced with the elevation of temperature in K2CO3and CaCO3medium while increased with the rise of the temperature in the Na2CO3medium. The magnitudes of counterion binding to micelles (β) were increased with the increase of the concentration of Na2CO3and K2CO3up to definite value and then reduced with the increase of successive rise of concentration of both salts at all temperatures while decreased monotonically with the rise of electrolyte concentration in CaCO3medium. The values of standard free energy () were achieved to be negative in each case suggesting spontaneous self‐assembly formation. The standard entropy change () along with enthalpy change () was also assessed and discussed elaborately.
Efficacy of the Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) individual psychotherapy for patients with advanced cancer: A single‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mehnert Anja , Koranyi Susan , Philipp Rebecca , Scheffold Katharina , Kriston Levente , Lehmann‐Laue Antje , Engelmann Dorit , Vehling Sigrun , Eisenecker Christina , Oechsle Karin , Schulz‐Kindermann Frank , Rodin Gary , Härter Martin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to determine whether the Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM) therapy is superior to a non‐manualized supportive psycho‐oncological counselling intervention (SPI).MethodsAdult patients with advanced cancer and ≥9 points on the PHQ‐9 and/or ≥5 points on the DT were randomized to CALM or SPI. We hypothesized that CALM patients would report significantly less depression (primary outcome) on the BDI‐II and the PHQ‐9 6 months after baseline compared to SPI patients.ResultsFrom 329 eligible patients, 206 participated (61.2% female; age: M = 57.9 [SD = 11.7]; 84.5% UICC IV stage). Of them, 99 were assigned to CALM and 107 to SPI. Intention‐to‐treat analyses revealed significantly less depressive symptoms at 6 months than at baseline (P < .001 for BDI‐II and PHQ‐9), but participants in the CALM and SPI group did not differ in depression severity (BDI‐II: P = .62, PHQ‐9: P = .998). Group differences on secondary outcomes were statistically not significant either.ConclusionsCALM therapy was associated with reduction in depressive symptoms over time but this improvement was not statistically significant different than that obtained within SPI group.
Effect of a technology‐supported physical activity intervention on health‐related quality of life, sleep, and processes of behavior change in cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rastogi Somya , Tevaarwerk Amye J. , Sesto Mary , Van Remortel Brittany , Date Preshita , Gangnon Ronald , Thraen‐Borowski Keith , Cadmus‐Bertram Lisa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis pilot trial tested the effect of adding a multi‐level, technology‐based physical activity intervention module to a standard survivorship care plan for breast and colorectal cancer survivors. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether the physical activity module improved health‐related quality of life, sleep, and factors key to lasting behavior change (eg, social support, self‐efficacy).MethodsBreast and colorectal cancer survivors (n = 50) were enrolled alongside a support partner. Survivors were assigned to receive a standard survivorship care plan either alone or augmented by a 12‐week multi‐component physical activity module. The module included a Fitbit tracker (with the physical activity data integrated into the electronic health record for clinician review) and customized email feedback. Physical activity was measured using the ActiGraph GT3X+. Psychosocial outcomes included the SF‐36, FACT, ISEL, PROMIS sleep measures, and physical activity beliefs. Data were analyzed using linear mixed modeling.ResultsCancer survivors were aged 54.4 ± 11.2 years and were 2.0 ± 1.5 years from diagnosis. Relative to comparison, the intervention was associated with moderate‐to‐large improvements in physical health (effect size: d = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.0, 0.78), mental health (d = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.19, 0.99), sleep impairment (d = 0.62, 95% CI = −1.02, −0.22), and exercise self‐efficacy (d = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.20, 1.0).ConclusionsThe intervention delivered meaningful improvements in survivors' quality of life, social support, and sleep impairment. If replicated in a larger sample, adding a technology‐supported physical activity module to survivorship care plans may be a practical strategy for supporting healthy survivorship.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov#: NCT02677389.