bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selecting plant traits for soil erosion control in grassed waterways under a changing climate: A growth room study
Authors: Lees Corina , de Baets Sarah , Rickson Jane , Simmons Robert W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGrassed waterways are used to mitigate the offsite transport of sediment generated by soil erosion. This study used a novel trait‐based ranking approach as a method to screen potential candidate grass monocultures and mixes based on their theoretical performance in reducing (a) detachment via rainsplash, (b) detachment via scouring due to concentrated flow and (c) sediment transport and deposition processes. Selected grass species were grown under simulated UK summer and autumn establishment conditions under three different replicated rainfall scenarios: drought, normal rainfall and excess rainfall. The grass species used were the novel hybrid species Festulolium cv Prior (Fest_1) and Festulolium Bx511 (Fest_2) and a conventional mixture of Lolium perenne and Festuca rubra (Conv). Monocultures and mixtures of these species were studied. Plant traits pertinent to control of soil erosion by water were measured. Aboveground traits included plant height, percentage ground cover, aboveground biomass, stem diameter, stem area density and number of tillers. Belowground traits included total root length, root total surface area, belowground biomass, root diameter and % fine roots ≤0.25 mm. For summer conditions, the species treatments that had the highest overall soil erosion mitigation potential were Conv, Fest_1 + 2 + Conv and Fest_2. For autumn conditions, the best treatments were Fest_1 + 2, Fest_1 + 2 + Conv and Conv. The Fest 1 + 2 + Conv had more desirable traits for erosion control than mono Festulolium treatments for the autumn conditions. The conventional mixture had more desirable traits for erosion control than mono Festulolium treatments in both climate scenarios. The results indicate that the trait‐based ranking approach utilized in this study can be used to inform rapid screening of candidate grass species for soil erosion control.Highlights
How to select the most suitable grass species for soil erosion control under changing climate conditions?
A novel scoring system based on plant traits associated with soil erosion mitigation was developed.
Fest_1 + 2 and Conv treatments expressed traits strongly associated with maximum soil erosion mitigation.
Species selection for grassed waterways should consider the establishment growing season and expected rainfall.
The Family Engagement Practice Framework: A Comprehensive Framework Developed From the Voices of School‐Based Practitioners
Authors: Ball Annahita , Skrzypek Candra , Lynch Michael 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveThis study developed a practice framework to identify and explain family engagement practice for school‐based service delivery.BackgroundSchool–family–community partnerships expand the possibilities for family engagement by providing comprehensive services to families and children. No research to date has explored practitioners' perspectives of family engagement practice, and few practice frameworks exist to guide family engagement efforts.MethodIn this grounded theory study, we used qualitative interview data from 18 family engagement professionals (FEP) within one district‐wide, school‐based agency to identify the practices FEPs used to engage families in services.ResultsAnalyses revealed that FEPs used a specific set of engagement practice strategies that included providing immediate and ongoing support, establishing rapport, establishing trust, and empowering families. These strategies were situated within a broader paradigmatic context and rooted in a set of core personal dispositions that were reflected in the framework.ImplicationsThis framework may be used to guide professional development activities, refine existing practice, and inform programmatic policies shaping school‐based family engagement initiatives.
Effect of a nurse‐led hypertension management program on quality of life, medication adherence and hypertension management in older adults: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kolcu Merve , Ergun Ayse 
Published: October 2020

AimThis study evaluated the effects of a nurse‐led hypertension management program on quality of life, medication adherence and hypertension management in older adults.MethodsA total of 74 hypertensive older adults residing in two different nursing homes were randomized to the intervention group (n = 37) or control group (n = 37). The intervention group participated in a training program consisting of 20 weeks of health education and motivational meetings. Data were collected using a hypertension management knowledge and behavior questionnaire, quality of life scale, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, and measurements of blood pressure and anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Data were analyzed using the χ2‐test, Wilcoxon signed‐rank test and Mann–Whitney U‐test.ResultsPost‐test systolic (118.64 ± 10.04 mmHg) and diastolic (77.83 ± 5.34 mmHg) blood pressures, and total cholesterol levels (178.43 ± 25.59 mg/dL) were significantly lower in the intervention group compared with the control group (130.54 ± 15.08 mmHg, 82.70 ± 7.69 mmHg, 200.7 ± 34.57 mg/dL, respectively). Post‐test hypertension knowledge score (20.75 ± 1.01), medication adherence rate (100.0%), and quality of life scale physical component (58.42 ± 13.93) and mental component (64.24 ± 12.85) scores were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (12.21 ± 2.48; 64.9%; 44.36 ± 16.73; 53.93 ± 15.71, respectively). In addition, mean post‐test body mass index (27.19 ± 4.62 kg/m2), weight (74.81 ± 15.33 kg), waist circumference (93.29 ± 15.20 cm), hip circumference (107.67 ± 14.05 cm) and total cholesterol (178.43 ± 25.59 mg/dL) values were lower than pretest (28.13 ± 4.96 kg/m2; 77.37 ± 16.56 kg; 97.83 ± 16.23 cm; 112.89 ± 14.37 cm; 194.78 ± 38.64 mg/dL, respectively) in the intervention group.ConclusionsThe nurse‐led hypertension management program implemented in this study provides an example of an effective program to guide nurses who work with older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 1182–1189.
The ursodeoxycholic acid response score predicts pathological features in primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Kawata Kazuhito , Joshita Satoru , Shimoda Shinji , Yamashita Yuki , Yamashita Maho , Kitsugi Kensuke , Takatori Shingo , Ohta Kazuyoshi , Ito Jun , Shimoyama Shin , Noritake Hidenao , Suda Takafumi , Harada Kenichi 
Published: October 2020

AimThe ursodeoxycholic acid response score (URS) can predict the biochemical response to 12 months of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) treatment in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). We investigated the relationship between the URS and the histopathological features before and after UDCA treatment.MethodsPatients with PBC (n = 126) were examined for the association between the probability of response (POR) to UDCA based on the URS formulas and clinicopathological features. Furthermore, 30 patients were examined for the association between the POR and pathological changes.ResultsThe POR area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for predicting the biochemical response to UDCA was 0.861. The PORs of stage 1 in the Nakanuma system and grade 0 in the CK7 grading in hepatocytes were significantly higher than those of stage 3 and grade 3, respectively. The AUROCs for the prediction of stage ≥2, stage ≥3 and stage 4 in the Nakanuma system at pretreatment were 0.592, 0.710 and 0.817, respectively. The AUROCs for the prediction of grade ≥1, grade ≥2 and grade 3 in the CK7 hepatocyte grading were 0.741, 0.824 and 0.970, respectively. Furthermore, the AUROC for predicting the histological stage progression after UDCA treatment in the Scheuer classification and the Nakanuma system were 0.712 and 0.799, respectively.ConclusionsThe URS not only predicts the biochemical response, but also reflects the Nakanuma system and the CK7 hepatocyte grading at pretreatment. This scoring system can identify an inadequate histological response to UDCA treatment in the Scheuer classification and the Nakanuma system.
Military moral injury: A concept analysis
Authors: Jamieson Nikki , Maple Myfanwy , Ratnarajah Dorothy , Usher Kim 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMoral injury is the current term describing the breaching or violation of one’s moral code and has gained international research attention due to suicide linkages in military populations (Jamieson et al., Invisible wounds and suicide: Moral injury and veteran mental health. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 29, 105–109, 2020). Moral injury’s core features are spiritual/existential conflict, shame, guilt and self‐condemnation. To date, research focuses on the core features of moral injury and or the nature of events that exposed individuals to moral injury. Walker and Avant (Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing, Prentice Hall New York, 2011) concept analysis model was used to examine the literature. The aim of this study is to enhance understanding of the defining attributes, antecedents, consequences and empirical referents of moral injury and systematically analyse the concept of moral injury in the context of military members. A literature search was undertaken using specific websites and journals, electronic databases, library catalogues and hand‐searches. Concept analysis was used to explicate moral injury, focusing exclusively on use of the concept in the included literature, comparing the terms used over time and across disciplines, and measurement tools for the concept. This concept analysis provides a renewed definition of moral injury in relation to the experience of veterans – ‘moral trauma’ and defined as: ‘the existential, psychological, emotional and or spiritual trauma arising from a conflict, violation or betrayal, either by omission or commission, of or within one’s moral beliefs or code(s)’. The analysis will facilitate understanding and operationalization of the concept applied to teaching, learning, practice and research.
Integration of family caregivers in delirium prevention care for hospitalized older adults: A case study analysis
Authors: Cohen Christine , Pereira Filipa , Kampel Thomas , Bélanger Louise 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo understand how family caregivers of older adults hospitalized for orthopaedic surgery are integrated by nurses in delirium prevention care.DesignMultiple case study.MethodsThe sample consisted of eight cases. Each case comprised an older adult, a family caregiver, and a nurse. Data were collected from September 2017 ‐ April 2018 through various instruments, including semi‐structured interviews and family caregiver logs. Within‐ and across‐case analyses were conducted, based on the model of The Care Partner Engagement developed by Hill, Yevchak, Gilmore‐Bykovskyi, & Kolanowski (Geriatric Nursing, 35, 2014, 272).ResultsTwo themes emerged: (a) family caregivers were engaged in caring for the older adults during their hospital stay, though they had differences in terms of views and needs; and (b) family caregivers communicated with nurses but nurses did not recognize their role and did not integrate them much in care.ConclusionThe presence and availability of family caregivers, their sense of responsibility towards the hospitalized older adults, and their positive effects on them suggest that family caregivers could be integrated more systematically in a care partnership with nurses. Poor integration of family caregivers in delirium prevention care shows that nurse delirium prevention competencies and their relational skills for communicating effectively with family caregivers need to be developed further.ImpactIntegrating family caregivers in delirium prevention care for older adults is a challenge for nurses. Family caregivers are engaged during the hospitalization of older adults, though differences and problems exist between the two groups. While there is communication between patients, family caregivers, and nurses, nurses do not recognize the role of family caregivers and hardly integrated them in the delirium prevention care of hospitalized older adults. Nurses must adopt a patient‐ and family‐centred approach. Care and training facilities must make resources available to implement this approach in nursing practice.
Atrial fibrillation ablation success defined by duration of recurrence on cardiac implantable electronic devices
Authors: Lohrmann Graham , Kaplan Rachel , Ziegler Paul D. , Monteiro João , Passman Rod 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionAblation for atrial fibrillation (AF) has emerged as an effective method of rhythm control. This exploratory analysis aimed to determine how various measures of recurrence would influence the definition of treatment success.MethodsUsing an electronic health record data set from January 2007 to June 2019 linked with Medtronic cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) data, patients who underwent a first AF ablation procedure following CIED implantation were identified. Data were analyzed for recurrence of AF stratified by varying definitions of successful ablation. The performance of various simulated external AF monitoring strategies was assessed.ResultsA total of 665 patients were analyzed including 248 with paroxysmal AF (mean age: 66.2 ± 9.3 years, 73.0% male) and 417 patients with persistent AF (mean age: 67.3 ± 9.0 years, 73.6% male). Among patients with paroxysmal AF, survival free from recurrence at 1 year ranged from 28.2% to 72.1% (>6 min and >23 h thresholds, respectively) with an overall median percentage of time in AF reduction of 99.6%. Among patients with persistent AF, survival free from recurrence at 1 year ranged from 24.9% to 60.0% (>6 min and 7 consecutive days > 23 h thresholds, respectively) with an overall median percentage of time in AF reduction of 99.3%. A single 7‐day monitoring strategy had a sensitivity of less than 50% for detecting AF greater than 6 min in patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF.ConclusionIn this real‐world data set of AF patients with CIEDs undergoing catheter ablation, treatment success varied substantially with different definitions of minimally required AF duration and is significantly impacted by the method of recurrence detection.
Newly designed Protein Transduction Domain (PTD)‐mediated BMP‐7 is a potential therapeutic for peritoneal fibrosis
Authors: Kim Seonghun , Shin Dong Ho , Nam Bo Young , Kang Hye‐Young , Park Jimin , Wu Meiyan , Kim Nam Hee , Kim Hyun Sil , Park Jung Tak , Han Seung Hyeok , Kang Shin‐Wook , Yook Jong In , Yoo Tae‐Hyun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhile the bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7) is a well‐known therapeutic growth factor reverting many fibrotic diseases, including peritoneal fibrosis by peritoneal dialysis (PD), soluble growth factors are largely limited in clinical applications owing to their short half‐life in clinical settings. Recently, we developed a novel drug delivery model using protein transduction domains (PTD) overcoming limitation of soluble recombinant proteins, including bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7). This study aims at evaluating the therapeutic effects of PTD‐BMP‐7 consisted of PTD and full‐length BMP‐7 on epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐related fibrosis. Human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) were then treated with TGF‐β1 or TGF‐β1 + PTD‐BMP‐7. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters were inserted into Sprague‐Dawley rats, and these rats were infused intra‐peritoneally with saline, peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF) or PDF + PTD‐BMP‐7. In vitro, TGF‐β1 treatment significantly increased fibronectin, type I collagen, α‐SMA and Snail expression, while reducing E‐cadherin expression in HPMCs (P < .001). PTD‐BMP‐7 treatment ameliorated TGF‐β1‐induced fibronectin, type I collagen, α‐SMA and Snail expression, and restored E‐cadherin expression in HPMCs (P < .001). In vivo, the expressions of EMT‐related molecules and the thickness of the sub‐mesothelial layer were significantly increased in the peritoneum of rats treated with PDF, and these changes were significantly abrogated by the intra‐peritoneal administration of PTD‐BMP‐7. PTD‐BMP‐7 treatment significantly inhibited the progression of established PD fibrosis. These findings suggest that PTD‐BMP‐7, as a prodrug of BMP‐7, can be an effective therapeutic agent for peritoneal fibrosis in PD patients.
Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of extragenital endometriosis in Japan, 2018
Authors: Hirata Tetsuya , Koga Kaori , Kai Kentaro , Katabuchi Hidetaka , Kitade Mari , Kitawaki Jo , Kurihara Masatoshi , Takazawa Naoko , Tanaka Toshiaki , Taniguchi Fuminori , Nakajima Jun , Narahara Hisashi , Harada Tasuku , Horie Shigeo , Honda Ritsuo , Murono Koji , Yoshimura Kotaro , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of this publication is to disseminate the clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of intestinal, bladder/ureteral, thoracic and umbilical endometriosis, already published in Japanese, to non‐Japanese speakers. For developing the original Japanese guidelines, the clinical practice guideline committee was formed by the research team for extragenital endometriosis, which is part of the research program of intractable disease of the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. The clinical practice guideline committee formulated eight clinical questions for the treatment of extragenital endometriosis, which were intestinal, bladder/ureteral, thoracic and umbilical endometriosis. The committee performed a systematic review of the literature to provide responses to clinical questions and developed clinical guidelines for extragenital endometriosis, according to the process proposed by the Medical Information Network Distribution Service. The recommendation level was determined using modified Delphi methods. The clinical practice guidelines were officially approved by the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Japan Society of Endometriosis. This English version was translated from the Japanese version.
Efficacy of oral myofunctional therapy in middle‐aged to elderly patients with obstructive sleep apnoea treated with continuous positive airway pressure
Authors: Suzuki Mayumi , Okamoto Toshihiro , Akagi Yuichi , Matsui Kentaro , Sekiguchi Haruki , Satoya Natsumi , Inoue Yuji , Tatsuta Akihisa , Hagiwara Nobuhisa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundOral myofunctional therapy (MFT) is an effective treatment for mild‐to‐moderate obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in middle‐aged patients. However, few reports have described its use in elderly patients with moderate and severe OSA. Moreover, no studies have examined the relationship between changes in tongue pressure with MFT and the severity of OSA.ObjectiveWe conducted an interventional study using MFT to evaluate the effect of MFT on middle‐to‐senior‐aged patients with moderate or severe OSA and compared changes in apnoea‐hypopnea index (AHI) and tongue pressure.MethodsThirty‐two OSA patients (≥45 years) treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) were included. MFT was performed in parallel with CPAP. Three days after CPAP discontinuation, polysomnographies were performed and tongue pressures were measured before and after MFT.ResultsPatients were 69.3 ± 1.5 years old. After 6 months of MFT, AHI decreased significantly from 34.7 to 29.0/h (P = .03), while tongue pressure significantly increased from 35.9 to 45.6 kPa (P < .01). Seven patients (22%), including 6 of the 12 patients with moderate OSA (50%), experienced successful CPAP discontinuation.ConclusionsMFT can be a useful intervention even among middle‐aged to elderly patients with OSA. Increased tongue pressure may have contributed to the AHI improvement.Clinical trials: Trial registration at www.umin.ac.jp UMIN000027547.
The effect of daily aerobic cycling exercise on sleep quality during inpatient cannabis withdrawal: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: McCartney Danielle , Isik Ashling D. , Rooney Kieron , Arnold Jonathon C. , Bartlett Delwyn J. , Murnion Bridin , Richards Elisha , Arkell Thomas R. , Lintzeris Nicholas , McGregor Iain S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSleep disturbance is a common symptom encountered by cannabis‐dependent individuals abstaining from cannabis use. In the present study, we investigated the effect of daily aerobic cycling exercise versus control stretching on sleep quality during inpatient cannabis withdrawal in treatment‐seeking dependent cannabis users. The protocol incorporated three consecutive phases: a 4‐Day (4‐Night) (at‐home) ‘Baseline’ phase, a 6‐Day (5‐Night) ‘Treatment’ phase (within a 7‐Day inpatient hospital stay) and a 3‐Day (4‐Night) (at‐home) ‘Post‐Treatment’ phase. Participants performed 35 min of monitored activity per day during the Treatment phase. The intervention group (n = 19) cycled at ~60% aerobic capacity (VO2max), while the control group (n = 12) performed a stretching routine. Objective sleep quality was measured nightly throughout the study using wrist actigraphy ratings of subjective sleep quality were also recorded during the Treatment phase. There were no group differences in sleep measures during the Baseline phase (all p > .05). Objective sleep onset latency increased from the Baseline to the Treatment phase in the control (stretching) group (p = .042). In contrast, the Cycling group exhibited improvements in sleep duration (p = .008) and sleep efficiency (p = .023) during the Treatment phase compared to the Baseline phase. Cycling also increased sleep duration (p = .005), decreased average wake bout (p = .040) and tended to increase sleep efficiency (p = .051) compared to stretching during the Treatment phase. Subjective sleep quality ratings did not differ between groups (p > .10). These preliminary findings suggest that moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise may attenuate the sleep disturbances associated with cannabis withdrawal.
What a veterinary graduate should know about basic and clinical pharmacology: A Delphi study to finalize day‐1 competencies
Authors: Werners Arno , Fajt Virginia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe recent changes in curricula in veterinary medicine have changed the delivery and focus on veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics, resulting in a perceived lack of knowledge of pharmacology and therapeutic decision making in recent graduates. To aid veterinary pharmacologists and clinicians teaching clinical pharmacology, core competencies were drafted by a working group. Following this process, a Delphi study was performed to come to a consensus on day‐1 competencies in veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics. The described competencies could be useful to a variety of stakeholders in veterinary pharmacology, including those teaching veterinary pharmacology worldwide. Secondly, they could form the basis of vertical alignment of the subject within schools and across the world, as well as serving to frame the integration of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics into competency‐based veterinary education.