bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usnic Acid Inhibits Proliferation and Migration through ATM Mediated DNA Damage Response in RKO Colorectal Cancer Cell
Authors: Wu Wenbing , Gou Hui , Dong Jingying , Yang Xiaolong , Zhao Yanan , Peng Heng , Chen Dan , Geng Ruiman , Chen Lihong , Liu Ji 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Usnic Acid (UA), also known as lichenol, has been reported to have inhibitory
effects on a variety of cancer cells, but its specific mechanism remained to be elucidated. Tumor
chemotherapy drugs, especially DNA damage chemotherapeutic drugs, target Chromosomal DNA, but
their spontaneous and acquired drug resistance are also an urgent problem to be solved. Therefore,
drug combination research has become the focus of researchers.

Methods:
Here, we evaluated the tumor-suppressing molecular mechanism of UA in colorectal cancer
cells RKO from the perspective of the ATM-mediated DNA damage signaling pathway through H2O2
simulating DNA damage chemotherapeutic drugs. CCK8 cell proliferation assay was used to determine
the inhibition of RKO cells by hydrogen peroxide and UA alone or in combination, and wound
healing assay was applied to determine the effect of the drug on cell migration.

Results:
Transfected cells with miRNA18a-5p mimics and inhibitors, MDC and DCFH-DA staining
for the measurement of autophagy and ROS, cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry,
expressions of microRNA and mRNA were determined by fluorescence quantitative PCR, and protein
by Western blot.

Discussion:
We found that UA can upregulate ATM via miR-18a to activate the DNA damage signaling
pathway and inhibit the proliferation and migration of RKO cells in a concentration-dependent
manner.

Conclusion:
At the same time, DNA damage responses, including cell cycle, autophagy, apoptosis and
ROS levels, are also regulated by UA. Therefore, UA combined with DNA damage chemotherapeutic
drugs may be an effective treatment for cancer.
Synthesis and Study of Some 17a-aza-D-homo Steroids as 5α-Reductase Inhibitors
Authors: Rana Priyanka , Dhingra Neelima , Arora Poonam , Dhingra Richa , Monika Chauhan , Gupta Ankit 
Published: October 2020

Background and Objective:
Tremendous advances have been made in the development of new pharmacotherapuetic agents and less invasive techniques to help men with lower urinary tract symptoms. The use of 5α-reductase inhibitor (5-ARI) is restricted to the patients with large prostate volumes, whose symptoms are refractory to antiandrogens or α–
adrenergic blockers Out of the various synthesized5-reductase inhibitors with different substituents on steroidal nucleus, esters have been found to exhibited high anti-androgenic activity.

Methods:
In our attempt to find new, safer and potent 5-ARI and our continued interest in azasteorids, esters of 17a-Aza-Dhomo-5-androsten-3β-ol with synergistic effect were synthesized and characterized using different analytical techniques.
The compounds were evaluated for their 5α-reductase inhibitory activity in-vivo by their effect on serum androgen level by
ELISA assay procedure. The interaction with receptors was studied using advanced docking programme to predict the correlation of the synthesized compounds with actual biological activity.

Results:
The target compounds (6-12) showed increased anti-androgenic activity as compared to finasteride and control,
which imply that the target compounds are effective in inhibiting 5α-reductase. Particularly, compound 6 showing highest
inhibitory activity and greater affinity for 5-AR receptor with highest dock score. Results of these studies when compared
with Finasteride showed increased solubility and dissolution of target compound 6.

Conclusion:
Compound6 showed immense potential with improved efficacy and better bioavailability, thus makes it a suitable candidate for further studies and optimal formulation.
Model-based Application for Adsorption of Lead (II) from Aqueous
Solution using Low-cost Jute Stick Derived Activated Carbon
Authors: Chowdhury Imran Rahman , Mazumder Mohammad Abu Jafar , Chowdhury Shakhawat , Qasem Mohammed Ameen Ahmed , Aziz Md. Abdul 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Removal of lead (II) ions from supply water using an inexpensive adsorbent is essential. It is
recommended that low-cost adsorbents are developed to effectively remove lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions. The aim
of the study is to develop and validate models for predicting the performance of carboxylated jute stick derived activated
carbon (JSAC-COOH) in removing lead (II) ions from aqueous solution, which can assist the water supply authorities in
supplying lead (II) free drinking water to the communities at a low-cost.

Methods:
Controlled laboratory experiments were conducted following the statistical “Design of Experiments” through
varying the factors affecting the performance of JSAC-COOH in removing lead (II) ions. The performance of JSACCOOH was investigated for different concentrations of lead (II) ions (range: 50 - 500 mg/L) at variable experimental
conditions (temperature: 15°C and 27°C; pH: 4.0 and 7.0) and time (1, 10, 30 and 60 min). Several models (Linear and
non-linear) were investigated and validated for predicting the concentrations of lead (II) ions in aqueous solution.

Results:
The prepared JSAC-COOH had a surface area of 615.3 m2
/g. In 60 min, up to 99.8% removal of lead (II) ions
was achieved. Few models showed very good to excellent predictive capabilities with coefficients of determination in the
range of 0.85–0.95. The model validation experiments showed the correlation coefficients in the range of 0.84 – 0.98.

Conclusion:
The models have the capabilities to reasonably predict the final concentrations of lead (II) ions, which can be
used in controlling the effluent lead (II) ion concentrations. The proposed adsorbent is likely to be low-cost as it was
developed using the commonly available agricultural byproduct.
Community- and Health Care-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Tehran, Iran: Comparison of Drug Resistance and Virulence Determinants
Authors: Yadegarynia Davood , Tehrani Shabnam , Nasiri Maryam 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can cause serious infections
not only in hospitals but also in the community. The present study was aimed to characterize
drug resistance and virulence determinants of community-associated (CA) MRSA isolate compared
with healthcare-associated (HA) MRSA.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 44 patients with HA-MRSA and 11 patients with CA-MRSA infection (median age, 72 years) were included. The clinical isolates of MRSA were subjected to molecular analysis of virulence genes and drug susceptibility testing.

Results:
Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) exotoxin and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST)
genes were disproportionately distributed between CA- and HA-isolates. PVL genes were more
likely to be found among CA-isolates (36.4%) than HA-isolates (18.2). TSST genes were identified
in only 2 CA-MRSA isolates tested (18.2%) compared with 9 HA-isolates (20.5%). Exfoliative toxin-
b gene was negative in all isolates, however, one HA-isolate was positive for exfoliative toxin-a.
mec-A gene was present in all clinical isolates. CA-isolates were more likely to be susceptible to
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin compared with HA-isolates. Vancomycin-intermediate
resistance was found in 2 HA-isolates. All clinical isolates were also resistant to clindamycin.

Conclusions:
CA- and HA- MRSA isolates are epidemiologically and microbiologically distinct.
Thus, the strategies to prevent and treat these infections would be different. Patients with CA- and
HA-MRSA infections should be treated effectively and receive follow-up evaluation to ensure the
resolution of their infection. Surveillance studies should be conducted to determine the extent of
CA- and HA-MRSA dissemination in Iran.
Comparison of Standard and Total Keratometry Astigmatism Measured with three Different Technologies
Authors: Carreras Humberto , G. García Ángel , Piñero David P 
Published: October 2020

Purpose:
To compare the keratometric and total corneal astigmatism measures provided by three different technologies as well as to assess the level of interchangeability among them.

Methods:

A Prospective, comparative study enrolling 94 eyes from 53 patients (age, 29-77 years) was carried out. All participants were patients with the diagnosis of cataract or patients with a transparent crystalline lens but seeking surgical presbyopia correction. A complete eye examination was performed in all eyes, including corneal analysis with three different devices: IOL-Master 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec), Cassini (i-Optics), and Pentacam (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH). Interchangeability of standard and total keratometric readings (equivalent keratometric readings for Pentacam) and astigmatism measures with these three systems were evaluated with the Bland-Altman analysis.

Results:
Significantly higher standard and total keratometric readings were obtained with the IOL-Master compared to the other two systems (p<0.001). Likewise, a significantly higher magnitude of standard and total keratometric astigmatism was obtained with the Cassini system (p<0.001). Ranges of the agreement for corneal power measurements between devices varied from 0.58 D to 1.53 D, whereas they ranged from 0.46 D to 1.37 D for standard and total astigmatism measurements.

Conclusion:
Corneal power and astigmatism measures obtained with IOL-Master 700, Cassini, and Pentacam systems cannot be used interchangeably. The impact of these differences on the refractive predictability achieved with different types of intraocular lenses (IOL) should be evaluated in the future in order to define which is the best corneal evaluation approach for optimizing the IOL power calculations.
Soil Fertility, Oil Palm Growth and Productivity on Three Pyritic Depths
Authors: Sutarta Edy Sigit , Wiratmoko Dhimas , Akoeb Erwin Nyak 
Published: October 2020

Acid sulfidic land is one of the marginal land that has been used for oil palm development. Low soil acidity (pH) and high content of Al and Fe are limiting factors for oil palm development in this area. Oil palm yield in this area was very limited and could not reach the standard of oil palm productivity in mineral soils. The objectives of this study were mapping the pyritic depth distribution, and observing the soil fertility on three pyritic depth (40 – 60 cm, 60 - 90 cm, and >90 cm). The results of this study showed that Paya Rambe plantation had varied pyritic depths, between 40-110 cm. The shallow pyritic depth was found along the river to the sea estuary. Shallow pyritic depth soil has lower soil fertility than the deeper one. Soil with shallow pyritic layer has high acidity, Fe, S, and Al contents, also contain low macro nutrients (N, P, K, and Mg) availability. Furthermore, shallow pyritic depth reduced the oil palm growth, nutrients uptake and oil palm productivity.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengenal Mata Uang Pada Siswa Tunagrahita Ringan Melalui Metode Simulasi Berbelanja di Kantin Sekolah pada Siswa Kelas IV
Authors: Zuhdi Zuhdi 
Published: October 2020

Kelemahan dalam memberikan informasi kepada siswa seringkali terjadi pada saat pelaksanaan proses pembelajaran, dengan demikian dalam merancang dan menyusun pengajaran melibatkan banyak pertimbangan, tidak hanya apa yang akan dipelajari siswa, tetapi juga bagaimana siswa menggunakan apa yang dipelajari serta kemampuan guru dalam melaksanakan proses pembelajaran.Rendahnya pemahaman siswa pada mata pelajaran Matematika terutama dalam materi membaca permmateri mengenal nilai mauta uang, ini terlihat dari ketidak mampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan tes awal pada soal latihanmengenal nilai mata uang . Adapun hasil tes awal ini diikuti oleh sebanyak 3 orang siswa kelas IV Tunagrahita ringan SDLB Negeri Banda aceh telah terungkap bahwa hasil dari tes awal diperoleh skor nilai ketuntasan keseluruhan 33,33 % yang dikatagorikan sangat kurang dengan nilai rata-rata kelas dicapai adalah 57. Dari keseluruhan siswa hanya 1 orang siswa yang mencapai nilai KKM minimum yang ditentukan, yaitu 70. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal nilai mata uang melalui metode simulasi berbelanja di kantin sekolah pada anak tunagrahita ringan kelas IV SDLB Negeri Banda Aceh. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). yang terdiri atas 2 siklus dengan tahapan setiap siklusnya terdiri dari kegiatan perencanaan, melakukan tindakan, observasi serta refleksi. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan hasil tes, observasi,. Dari hasil analsis diperoleh data bahwa terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada setiap siklusnya. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SDLB Negeri Banda Aceh berjumlah 3 orang siswa dengan berbagai tingkat kemampuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran menggunakan metoda berbelanja di kanti sekolah Dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal nilai mata uang. Hal ini terbukti dengan meningkatnya jumlah siswa yang tuntas dalam belajar yaitu dari 33,33 % sebelum pembelajaran berlangsung, menjadi 66,67 % pada siklus I, dan 100 % pada siklus II. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metoda simulasi berbelanja di kantin sekolah dapat meningkatkan kemampuan mengenal uang pada siswa tunagrahita ringan kelas IV SDLB Negeri Banda Aceh.
La metamorfosis ritual: la identidad religiosa en la Amazonia
Authors: Goulard Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2020

Las sociedades indígenas han conocido muchos cambios a lo largo de su historia, especialmente desde el siglo xix. Sus relaciones con el exterior, sobre todo con el mundo de los “blancos”, los han llevado a adoptar estrategias propias con las cuales han logrado sobrevivir. En este documento se analizan algunos aspectos religiosos inducidos por los movimientos proféticos que prevalecen entre los tikuna grupo étnico amazónico, y que han determinado las opciones escogidas por este pueblo. A través de tal eje, el autor muestra cómo, a pesar de lo vivido por el grupo étnico, ha sido posible mantener un sistema de creencias que sigue en diálogo con la vida de su sociedad. Entonces, se propone la hipótesis de que se puede entender que este sistema perdura y se fundamenta en invariantes socioculturales que se entienden a través del filtro de la metamorfosis ritual, que les permite a los tikuna conservar y reivindicar su identidad étnica.
Foreign Policy in the Real World: The Obama Years
Authors: Marques Joseph 
Published: October 2020

O texto apresenta a análise de livros escritos por três ex-assessores do governo Barack Obama - Tough Love: My Story of the Things Worth Fighting For, de Susan Rice, The Education of an Idealist: A Memoir , de Samantha Power e The World as It Is: A Memoir of the Obama White House, de Ben Rhodes -, e busca demonstrar como todos eles conseguem apresentar muitos dos debates internos daquela administração, bem como revelar as limitações de sua política externa.
Evaluación de métodos de propagación asexual del nopal (opuntia ficus indica), y respuesta a diferentes sustratos en el municipio los santos Santander
Authors: Mateus Arango Carlos Hernán 
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo se realizó en la zona rural del municipio de Los Santos – Santander, realizando el siguiente procedimiento:
Se realizó el embolsado para la siembra de los cladodios con los distintos sustratos, previamente mezclados en el caso de los que contenían gallinaza compostada. En total se empacaron 120 bolsas de la siguiente manera: 30 bolsas de tierra caliche con gallinaza compostada, 30 con tierra fértil con gallinaza compostada, 30 con tierra caliche sin adición de gallinaza compostada y 30 con tierra fértil sin adición de gallinaza compostada.
Luego se procedió a la recolección de los cladodios de nopal, se realizó el debido tratamiento a estos con caldo bordelés y cal, para evitar que fuera atacada por insectos y hongos, se dejaron madurar durante doce días a la sombra para evitar deshidratación de los mismos. El mismo día de la siembra se hizo la división de los cladodios en dos y en cuatro partes, para evitar que se deshidrataran.
La primera hilada se sembró cladodios completos, la segunda hilada con cladodios divididos en dos partes y la tercera con cladodios divididos en cuatro partes. Este orden de ubicación de los cladodios se hizo de la misma manera para todos los sustratos. En total se hicieron doce (12) tratamientos.
Ya teniendo el montaje del proyecto listo, diariamente se le hizo observación de la evolución del mismo. Toda esta información se tabulo para realizar el análisis correspondiente al final del proyecto. Los resultados fueron analizados con distintos programas estadísticos.
PENGARUH PENGGANTIAN SEBAGIAN CAMPURAN TEPUNG IKAN DENGAN AMPAS KECAP DALAM PAKAN IKAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR PROTEIN IKAN KERAPU MACAN
Authors: ANDAYANI I.A.KD.JULI 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggantian sebagian campuran tepung ikan dengan ampas kecap dalam pakan ikan terhadap peningkatan kadar protein ikan kerapu macan ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ). Subyek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ikan kerapu macan Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ) sebanyak 3 ekor yang ditempatkan pada masing - masing bak polikarbonat yaitu bak A dan bak B. Bak A merupakan kelompok eksperimen, dimana pada bak A, ikan diberikan pakan jenis 1 milai hari 1 – hari 30, setelah hari 30 – hari 42 diberikan pakan jenis 2. Sedangkan bak B merupakan kelompok kontrol. Pada bak B, ikan diberikan pakan jenis 1 mulai dari hari 1 – hari 42. Setelah pemberian pakan, dagung ikan dikerimgkan di dalam fress dryer, lalu dianalisis kadar proteinnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eskperimen, dimana data yang diperoleh diuji menggunakan statistik parametrik uji - t satu pihak yaitu pihak kanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan kerapu macan ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ) yang diberikan pakan jenis 1 mulai dari hari 1 – hari 30, dan pakan jenis 2 mulai dari hari 31 – hari 42 memiliki kadar protein yang lebih besar dari pada ikan kerapu macan yang diberikan pakan kombinasi jenis 1 mulai dari hari 1 – hari 42. Ini berarti bahwa penggantian sebagian campuran tepung ikan dengan ampas kecap dalam pakan ikan dapat meningkatan kadar protein dari ikan kerapu macan (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ).
PEMERIKSAAN BASIL TAHAN ASAM UNTUK MEMBANTU MENEGAKKAN DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT TUBERKULOSIS
Authors: Dewi Luh Putu Krisna 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) Cara membantu menegakkan diagnosis penyakit tuberkulosis dengan melakukan pemeriksaan Basil Tahan Asam (2) Persentase pasien patologi klinik Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Buleleng yang positif TBC.Subjek penelitian ini adalah dahak dari suspek TBC, sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah Basil Tahan Asam dan persentase pasien yang positif TBC. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi Klinik Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Buleleng dari tanggal 2 Mei 2005 sampai dengan 30 Juni 2005. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dan data dianalisis secara deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Pemeriksaan penyakit TBC dilakukan dengan melakukan pemeriksaan Basil Tahan Asam di bawah mikroskop secara langsung. Diagnosis dilakukan dengan menyesuaikan jumlah kuman BTA dengan skala IUALTD. (2) Dari 35 suspek TBC yang memeriksakan dahaknya kerumah Sakit Umum Daerah Buleleng dari tanggal 2 Mei sampai 30 Juni 2005 yang positif TBC adalah 13 orang (37,14%).
KORELASI ANTARA KADAR TRIASILGLISEROL DENGAN KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: SUPRIATI NI PUTU EKA 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui apakah terdapat korelasi antara kadar triasilgliserol dengan kadar glukosa darah penderita diabetes mellitus, (2) menentukan persentase kasus hipertriasilgliserolemia pada penderita diabetes mellitus di Rumah Sakit Sanglah Denpasar. Subjek penelitian ini adalah serum penderita diabetes mellitus, sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah kadar triasilgliserol dan kadar glukosa darah penderita diabetes mellitus. Jumlah subjek penelitian adalah 17 serum dari 17 penderita diabetes mellitus. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorim Patologi Klinik Rumah Sakit Sanglah Denpasar, dari tanggal 14 Juni 2005 sampai dengan tanggal 25 Juni 2005. Kadar triasilgliserol dan kadar glukosa darah pada serum ditentukan dengan alat Beckman Coulter CX 7. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis korelasi product momen dan analisis deskriftif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat korelasi positif antara kadar triasilgliserol dengan kadar glukosa darah penderita diabetes mellitus, dan (2) persentase terjadinya hipertriasilgliserolemia pada penderita diabetes mellitus adalah 100%.Kata-kata kunci : triasilgliserol, glukosa darah, dan diabetes mellitus.
ANALISIS KADAR BILIRUBIN SERUM BAYI YANG MENGALAMI IKTERUS NEONATUS
Authors: PURNAMIATI NI PUTU 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk: (1) mengetahui kadar bilirubin indirect serum bayi yang mengalami ikterus neonatus, dan (2) persentase hiperbilirubinemia pada bayi yang mengalami ikterus neonatus. Subyek penelitian ini adalah serum bayi yang mengalami ikterus neonatus, sedangkan obyek penelitian ini adalah kadar bilirubin indirect serum bayi yang mengalami ikterus neonatus. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi Klinik Rumah Sakit Sanglah Denpasar dari tanggal 14 Juni 2005 sampai dengan 25 Juni 2005. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) kadar bilirubin indirect serum bayi yang mengalami ikterus neonatus adalah 5,81 mg/dL sampai 28,7 mg/dL dan (2) persentase terjadinya hiperbilirubinemia pada bayi yang mengalami ikterus neonatus adalah 50%.