bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An innovative solution to the problem of reclamation of the dusting surface of the tailings of a closed mining enterprise in the Primorsky territory
Authors: Krupskaya L T , Bubnova M B , Golubev D A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article discusses the innovative solution of the issues of reclamation of dusting surfaces of the tailing dump man-made surface formations (MSF) containing toxic waste from the processing of polymetallic ore raw materials of a closed mining enterprise in the Primorsky Territory of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD). It is shown that the large amounts of enrichment waste accumulated in the last century during the intensive development of tin mineral deposits led to the destruction and degradation of forest ecosystems, which create a real threat to the health of the population of the mining village. Dangerous disturbances of ecological equilibrium, pollution of the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere by a wide range of compounds of toxic heavy metals and arsenic are revealed. The enrichment wastes stored in tailings, the conservation and reclamation of which were not carried out contrary to Russian legislation, contributed to the large-scale transformation of the basic component of ecosystems-soil, as well as vegetation. In the vicinity of a closed mining enterprise, the migration of pollutants and erosion processes (water and wind) led to a crisis ecological situation. A negative factor for the soil and vegetation cover is atmospheric precipitation, dissolving a large amount of toxic substances. The relevance of research of the above issue is related to the need to preserve and restore an environmentally friendly environment within the influence of the man-made system. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to recreate the productivity of man-made surface formations (disturbed by the tailing of land) using bioremediation to ensure the environmental and social safety of toxic waste from the processing of polymetallic ores in the Primorye Territory. Based on experimental studies, an assessment was made of waste as a potential source of technogenic pollution of the ecosphere and an innovative technological solution was developed to rehabilitate the dusting surface of the tailings pond is developed. Experimentally proved the possibility of using to recreate the productivity of technologically polluted substrate tailings of the following composition: 1) biochar – 30%; 2) zeolites – 5%; 3) humic acids – 5%; 4) waste of oreenrichment of tin-containing raw materials – 60%. The novelty of the proposed composition is confirmed by the Patent of the Russian Federation (2018).
Brief destructions of basic nodes of excavators and critical size of cracks
Authors: Makhno D E , Avdeev A N , Bolotnev A Yu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article studies brittle fractures of metal structures of mine and hydraulic excavators basic units. Based on the data analyzed and physics of the brittle fracture process, recommendations are given to improve the reliability of machines. For the analysis of brittle fractures, statistical data on machine failures under the conditions of the Korshunovsky GOK and ALROSA quarries were used. The approach to the control of nucleation and formation of brittle fractures by non-destructive methods, which substantially reduces the costs of repair works is described. The analysis of brittle fractures of mining excavators basic units revealed general patterns of destruction causes. Accurate identification of brittle fractures requires simplification of repair works. The method of nondestructive control of machines should be applied. The non-destructive control method is used to control the a brittle cracking in advance and eliminate during scheduled repairs. The scheduled identification and elimination of cracks reduces laboriousness of repair and recovery operations of large-sized units and aggregates of excavators.
Natural reservoir as a geological body for storing helium reserves
Authors: Rapatskaya L A , Tonkikh M E , Ustyuzhanin A O 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In connection with the start of field operation of large oil-and-gas bearing deposits of helium in the south of the Siberian platform (SP) the problem of long-term helium storage arises. Some researchers propose to use reliable underground storages for this purpose. Natural reservoirs, geological bodies representing an association of rocks in which fluids can be contained and circulated, can serve as such a natural depository for the injection and preservation of helium reserves. Therefore, the permeability of caprocks in natural reservoir that can hold helium for a long time is of particular importance. The paper presents the results of lithologic composition, thickness and condition of the caprock formation as the regional impervious fluids in natural reservoir of the SP south. The Lower Cambrian deposits of the Usolie formation being a part of the Vendian-Cambrian oil and gas complex can serve as such a regional impervious fluid.
Assessment of conditions and experience of technogenic placer dredging
Authors: Talgamer B L , Dudinskiy F V , Murzin N V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article describes the dredging method used for developing technogenic placers. Quantitative indicators and qualitative characteristics of rocks were described. Positive and negative experience of placer dredging was analyzed; research results were interpreted. The dredging of technogenic placers using multi-unit dredges was described in terms of specific conditions and parameters. Observation results reflecting changes in dredging parameters, equipment utilization coefficients and uneven operation of dredges were analyzed. Recommendations on dredging efficiency improvement, including the use of controlled dredging, were given. Controlled dredging will help change parameters of chip removed by dippers. Directions of placer dredging involving improvement of existing technical solutions, justification of rational parameters of technological schemes and development of mass conversion technologies were substantiated.
Endogenous phthalates in plants and their alleged participation in defense response against phytopathogens
Authors: Shafikova T N , Maksimova L A , Omelichkina Yu V , Enikeev A G , Semenov A A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Endogenous phthalates (esters of o-phthalic acid) have been revealed in plant in situ and in vitro. Phthalates reduced biofilm formation and growth of Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. sepedonicus and changed morphology of colonies. So phthalates were considered to be a part of plant defense against bacterial phytopathogens. Meanwhile, phthalates have been found in the cells of phytopathogenic bacteria. It was suggested that the physiological and biochemical role of phthalates can be much more complex and not be limited to the participation of plant organisms in the protective process.
Use of rhizosphere microorganisms for bioremediation of oil contaminated soils
Authors: Belovezhets L A , Tretyakova M S , Markova Yu A , Levchuk A A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Microbial soil remediation is one of the most promising methods for soil cleaning from oil and oil products. In order to search for promising oil destructors from the rhizosphere of plants growing in oil-polluted soils, bacteria that effectively destroy oil within a short time and belong to the genera Rhodococcus and Acinetobacter have been determined. Their ability to survive and decompose oil at its high and extremely high concentrations as well as at low positive temperatures has been shown. Microbial decomposition of oil model compounds (naphthalene, anthracene and phenanthrene) has been studied. All the studied strains have been established to be able to utilize these compounds with the formation of a group of metabolites, among which phthalic, gentisic and protocatechuic acids have been identified. The model compounds decrease ranged from 30 to 70% within 10 days.
A curable pseudo-dementia related to an atypical presentation of giant cell arteritis
Authors: Lahaye Clément , Sanchez Manuel , Rouet Audrey , Gross Ariane , Faucher Nathalie , Raynaud-Simon Agathe , Lilamand Matthieu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A 70-year-old patient was admitted with rapidly progressive cognitive decline associated with limitations in activities of daily living, weight loss and cerebellar ataxia. The diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) with vascular involvement was made, based on the presence of a metabolically active vasculitis of the brachiocephalic trunk on 18FDG-PET imaging. Temporal artery biopsy also revealed pan-arteritis. A progressive regression of cognitive disorders occurred under corticosteroid treatment and immunosuppressive therapy. Previously published case reports concerning this atypical presentation of GCA are scarce. They suggest that numerous cognitive symptoms, such as impairment of short-term memory, disorientation, delirium, impaired attention or visual hallucinations might be related to GCA. Thus, this diagnosis should be considered as a curable cause of unexplained cognitive impairment associated with weight loss and systemic inflammation.
Long-term outcomes of pulmonary valve replacement in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Lee Cheul , Choi Eun Seok , Lee Chang-Ha 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this study were to evaluate long-term outcomes of pulmonary valve replacement (PVR) in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and to identify the factors associated with adverse clinical events (ACEs).

METHODS
A total of 190 patients who underwent PVR between 1998 and 2015 after repair of TOF were retrospectively analysed. ACE was defined as all-cause death, heart transplantation or new-onset sustained arrhythmia. Univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with ACE after PVR.

RESULTS
The median age at PVR was 19 years. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 143 (75%) patients, and the median right ventricular (RV) end-diastolic and end-systolic volume index was 164 and 82 ml/m2, respectively. The follow-up completeness was 94%, and the median follow-up duration was 9.8 years. The transplantation-free survival and freedom from ACE at 15 years was 95% and 90%, respectively. The factors associated with ACE were older age at PVR, older age at TOF repair, New York Heart Association functional class III or IV, presence of tachyarrhythmias, longer cardiopulmonary bypass time and concomitant arrhythmia surgery. In a subgroup analysis of 143 patients with preoperative MRI data, larger RV end-systolic volume index, larger left ventricular end-systolic volume index and lower left ventricular ejection fraction were associated with ACE.

CONCLUSIONS
Long-term outcomes of PVR in patients with repaired TOF were satisfactory. Proactive PVR before the onset of advanced symptoms, tachyarrhythmias and ventricular dysfunction may further improve the long-term survival of this patient population.
Deletion of the Golgi Ca2+-ATPasePMR1gene potentiates antifungal effects of dodecanol that depend on intracellular Ca2+ accumulation in budding yeast
Authors: Oyama Masahiro , Tamaki Hiroyuki , Yamaguchi Yoshihiro , Ogita Akira , Tanaka Toshio , Fujita Ken-ichi 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTOne strategy for overcoming infectious diseases caused by drug-resistant fungi involves combining drugs rendered inactive by resistance with agents targeting the drug resistance mechanism. The antifungal activity of n-dodecanol disappears as incubation time passes. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, anethole, a principal component of anise oil, prolongs the transient antifungal effect of dodecanol by downregulating genes of multidrug efflux pumps, mainly PDR5. However, the detailed mechanisms of dodecanol's antifungal action and the anethole-induced prolonged antifungal action of dodecanol are unknown. Screening of S. cerevisiae strains lacking genes related to Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling identified a pmr1Δ strain lacking Golgi Ca2+-ATPase as more sensitive to dodecanol than the parental strain. Dodecanol and the dodecanol + anethole combination significantly increased intracellular Ca2+ levels in both strains, but the mutant failed to clear intracellular Ca2+ accumulation. Further, dodecanol and the drug combination reduced PMR1 expression and did not lead to specific localization of Pmr1p in the parental strain after 4-h treatment. By contrast with the parental strain, dodecanol did not stimulate PDR5 expression in pmr1Δ. Based on these observations, we propose that the antifungal activity of dodecanol is related to intracellular Ca2+ accumulation, possibly dependent on PMR1 function, with anethole enabling Ca2+ accumulation by restricting dodecanol efflux.
The Reproducibility of an Inferred Tree and the Diploidization of Gene Segregation after Genome Duplication
Authors: Katsura Yukako , Nei Masatoshi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We previously introduced a numerical quantity called the stability (Ps) of an inferred tree and showed that for the tree to be reliable this stability as well as the reliability of the tree, which is usually computed as the bootstrap probability (Pb), must be high. However, if genome duplication occurs in a species, a gene family of the genome also duplicates, and for this reason alone some Ps values can be high in a tree of the duplicated gene families. In addition, the topology of the duplicated gene family can be similar to that of the original gene family if such gene families are identifiable. After genome duplication, however, the gene families are often partially deleted or partially duplicated, and the duplicated gene family may not show the same topology as that of the original family. It is therefore necessary to compute the similarity of the topologies of the duplicated and the original gene families. In this paper, we introduce another quantity called the reproducibility (Pr) for measuring the similarity of the two gene families. To show how to compute the Pr values, we first compute the Pb and Ps values for each of the MHC class II α and β chain gene families, which were apparently generated by genome duplication. We then compute the Pr values for the MHC class II α and β chain gene families. The Pr values for the α and β chain gene families are now low, and this suggests that the diploidization of gene segregation has occurred after the genome duplication. Currently higher animals, defined as animals with complex phenotypic characters, generally have a higher genome size, and this increase in genome size appears to have been caused by genome duplication and diploidization of gene segregation after genome duplication.
Exploring the Reciprocal Associations of Perceptions of Aging and Social Involvement
Authors: Schwartz Ella , Ayalon Liat , Huxhold Oliver 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivePositive perceptions of aging are known to have beneficial effects for older adults’ health and well-being, but less is known regarding their social correlates. The current study aimed to disentangle the bidirectional associations of perceptions of aging with informal and formal social involvement.MethodData for this study came from the 2008 and 2014 waves of the German Ageing Survey (DEAS). Informal social involvement was assessed as the frequency of providing advice and emotional support to others. Formal social involvement was measured as the number of groups and organizations one participates in and the frequency of attending them. A latent change score model was used to assess the bidirectional links between the constructs.ResultsAdults with more positive aging perception at baseline were likely to become more informally and formally socially involved over time. Informal social involvement predicted better perceptions of aging, but not formal social involvement. These trends were consistent across age groups.ConclusionsThe results suggest that having positive expectations regarding one’s aging might encourage adults to maintain a more engaged and socially productive lifestyle. In addition, informal social involvement, characterized by the provision of advice and support to others, is beneficial for experiencing the aging process more positively.
Life Beyond 65: Changing Spatial Patterns of Survival at Older Ages in the United States, 2000–2016
Authors: Vierboom Yana C , Preston Samuel H 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To identify levels and trends in life expectancy at age 65 (e65) by geographic region and metropolitan status in the United States.

Methods
Using county-level data on population and deaths from the Census and National Center for Health Statistics, we consider spatial inequality in e65 across 4 metropolitan types and 10 geographic regions from 2000 to 2016. We examine whether changes in e65 are driven by mortality developments in metro types or geographic regions, and compare spatial patterns in the United States to mortality trends in other Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. We use decomposition and regression methods to estimate the contributions of 10 causes of death to changes and inequalities in e65.

Results
Life expectancy at age 65 increased in all spatial units from 2000 to 2016. Areas with higher e65 in 2000 also experienced larger gains. Longevity increases were greatest in large metropolitan areas and coastal regions. Nonmetropolitan areas and the interior lagged far behind not only other parts of the United States but all OECD comparison countries. Metropolitan status was a better predictor of mortality changes than geographic region. Circulatory diseases and diseases associated with smoking were the principal sources of life expectancy gains and spatial differentiation in those gains. Larger gains in smoking-related mortality accounted for greater improvements among men than women.

Discussion
Even at advanced ages, large geographic disparities in life expectancy remain. And as mortality has declined, these disparities have widened. Public health efforts should pay special attention to identifying and ameliorating the sources of lagging life expectancy in nonmetropolitan regions.
Knowing Persecution When We See It: Non-State Actors and the Measure of State Protection
Authors: Zambelli Pia 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Whether to grant asylum to claimants who are victimized by non-State actors is one of the thorniest questions in refugee law, particularly in Canada. Numerous questions have arisen around how to measure State protection in such circumstances. The result is a convoluted array of legal determinants – a situation that may be placing some claimants at risk. This article attempts to forge a more accessible framework of analysis for non-State actor claims. The suggested framework restores the absence of ‘State protection’ to its traditional role within the refugee definition of the 1951 Refugee Convention – as one prong of a test for persecution, not a stand-alone criterion for refugeehood. Accordingly, it is suggested that decision makers approach non-State actor claims as simply an assessment of whether the situation is one of ‘persecution’, a term that has been defined by leading scholars. By applying these definitions of persecution to typical refugee claim scenarios, it is demonstrated that a persecution-centred heuristic in non-State actor claims provides a clearer and more principled framework of analysis – one that gravitates towards stable and measurable criteria for assessing State protection.
Removing a Ray from a Noncompact Symplectic Manifold
Authors: Tang Xiudi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We prove that any noncompact symplectic manifold that admits a properly embedded ray with a wide neighborhood is symplectomorphic to the complement of the ray by constructing an explicit symplectomorphism in the case of the standard Euclidean space. This allows us to excide a ray from a symplectic manifold and we use this excision trick to find a nowhere vanishing Liouville vector field on every cotangent bundle.
M184V/I does not impact the efficacy of abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir use as switch therapy in virologically suppressed patients
Authors: Jary Aude , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Charpentier Charlotte , Wirden Marc , Lê Minh P , Peytavin Gilles , Descamps Diane , Calvez Vincent 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
M184V/I NRTI resistance mutations can be selected by either lamivudine/emtricitabine or abacavir. There are controversies about the use of abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir combinations in HIV-1-infected treatment-experienced patients with a fully suppressed HIV viral load (VL) and harbouring M184V/I.

Objectives
We assessed the efficacy of abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir when used in HIV-infected pretreated patients with an undetectable VL who previously harboured M184V/I as a unique NRTI resistance mutation in a genotypic resistance test and had no resistance to integrase inhibitors.

Patients and methods
A total of 154 patients with a fully suppressed HIV-1 plasma VL (&lt;50 copies/mL) treated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine/boosted PI or abacavir/lamivudine/boosted PI who switched to an abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir regimen and had M184V/I as a unique NRTI resistance mutation in their therapeutic history were retrospectively analysed up to 12 months after the switch to abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir. Assessment of residual viraemia was performed at Months 1, 3, 6 and 12. Plasma VL with undetectable HIV-1 RNA corresponded to an absence of residual viraemia.

Results
During the 12 months of follow-up, three patients had a blip of VL (53, 62 and 106 copies/mL) at Month 3 followed by a subsequent VL &lt;50 copies/mL. No patient harboured a virological failure during the follow-up. Moreover, there was no change in residual viraemia during the follow-up.

Conclusions
M184V/I as a unique NRTI resistance mutation, regardless of possible selection by regimens containing lamivudine/emtricitabine or abacavir, does not affect the virological response of well-controlled patients who switched to abacavir/lamivudine/dolutegravir for at least 12 months.
Wortmannin, a specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, induces accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks
Authors: Ihara Makoto , Shichijo Kazuko , Takeshita Satoshi , Kudo Takashi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Wortmannin, a fungal metabolite, is a specific inhibitor of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) family, which includes double-stranded DNA dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM). We investigated the effects of wortmannin on DNA damage in DNA-PK-deficient cells obtained from severe combined immunodeficient mice (SCID cells). Survival of wortmannin-treated cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. After treatment with 50 μM wortmannin, survival decreased to 60% of that of untreated cells. We observed that treatment with 20 and 50 μM wortmannin induced DNA damage equivalent to that by 0.37 and 0.69 Gy, respectively, of γ-ray radiation. The accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in wortmannin-treated SCID cells was assessed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The maximal accumulation was observed 4 h after treatment. Moreover, the presence of DSBs was confirmed by the ability of nuclear extracts from γ-ray-irradiated SCID cells to produce in vitro phosphorylation of histone H2AX. These results suggest that wortmannin induces cellular toxicity by accumulation of spontaneous DSBs through inhibition of ATM.