bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substance Use and Interpersonal Violence: Exploring Potential Threats to Underrepresented Minority Students’ Academic Success
Authors: Asher BlackDeer Autumn , Patterson Silver Wolf David A. , Beeler-Stinn Sara , Duran Bonnie 
Published: March 2020

Background College dropout has been described as an epidemic, with underrepresented minority (URM) students having the highest dropout rates at colleges and universities. This study examines interpersonal violence and substance use as potential threats to the academic success of URM students. Methods This study is a secondary data analysis of the National College Health Assessment. Results Significant decreases for grade point average (GPA) in African American students were associated with physical violence and marijuana use. For Hispanic/Latinx students, physical violence, marijuana use, and methamphetamine use were significantly associated with decreases in GPA. American Indian, Alaska Native, or Native Hawaiian students’ decreases in GPA were significantly associated with marijuana use. Conclusions Results of the study indicated that substance use and interpersonal violence are associated with decreases in GPA for various groups of URM. These findings are disconcerting and relay the importance for colleges and universities to undertake strategies to increase the retention of URM students.
Insulin Resistance Is Independently Associated With Enlarged Perivascular Space in the Basal Ganglia in Nondiabetic Healthy Elderly Population
Authors: Wu Danhong , Yang Xiaoli , Zhong Ping , Ye Xiaofei , Li Chen , Liu Xueyuan 
Published: March 2020

Objectives: To investigate the association between insulin resistance (IR) and enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) in the basal gangliain nondiabetic healthy elderly population. Methods: A total of 235 nondiabetic healthy elderly population were recruited. A 3-level scale was used to evaluate the burden of EPVSs. The homeostasis model assessment–estimated insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was used for IR estimation. Correlation between IR and severity of EPVS was assessed using the regression model after adjusting demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The top quartile of HOMA-IR was 2.52, and 25.11% of patients showed IR. The proportion of patients with IR was higher in the moderate to severe EPVS group than in the mild group (36.51% vs 20.93%, P = .015). In multivariate logistic analysis, IR was positively correlated with the moderate to severe EPVS (adjusted odds ratio: 3.532, 95% confidence interval: 1.633-7.636, P = .001) after adjusting classical risk factors. Conclusions: Insulin resistance was independently correlated with EPVS in the basal ganglia in nondiabetic healthy elderly population.
Outcomes of the glove-gauze regimen for managing burn injuries of the hand
Authors: Vyrva Oleksandra , Smock Elliott , Pessa Joel , Thirkannad Sunil M. 
Published: March 2020

We studied the efficacy of the glove-gauze regimen in treating superficial, partial-thickness and small full-thickness hand burns. Outcome measures included healing time, need for surgical intervention, need for formal physical therapy, restoration of range of motion, return to function and incidence of infection. All patients ( n = 123) successfully completed the regimen with an average healing time of 3.7 weeks. None required surgical debridement and seven (6%) required formal physical therapy. One hundred and eighteen patients (96%) regained full range of motion and 122 (99%) returned to their previous level of work. We believe that the glove-gauze regimen provides a simplified and effective means of managing hand burns. We conclude from our patients that the glove-gauze regimen is an effective treatment that can ensure uneventful healing of superficial, partial-thickness and small full-thickness burns. A majority of our patients healed with full range of motion and function without formal physical therapy. Level of evidence: IV
Barrier Protection Measures for the Management of Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Xianzhen , Deng Chuntao , Mi Jiaoping , Chen Mo , Li Yanfei , Liu Zhigang , Feng Shaoyan 
Published: March 2020

Background Pharmacotherapy for allergic rhinitis (AR) still remains unsatisfying regarding its effect and safety. Barrier protection measures may be a good choice for the patients with AR. Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of barrier protection measures in the treatment of AR. Methods We selected relevant randomized controlled trials published between January 1, 1990, and February 20, 2019, by searching Embase, PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Knowledge, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The primary outcome for this analysis was rhinitis symptom scores, overall quality of life, nasal peak inspiratory flow (NPIF), and adverse events. Differences were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for continuous outcomes. Statistical heterogeneity across trials was assessed with the statistic ( P < .1) and the I2 statistic. Results Fifteen RCTs (with data for 1154 participants) satisfied our inclusion criteria. The types of barrier protection measures comprised cellulose, pollen blocker cream, microemulsion, and nasal filter. To reduce the potential risk of bias and heterogeneity, we carried out subgroup analysis according to different types of barrier protection measures (cellulose: WMD = –2.18, 95% CI, –3.01 to –1.35, P < .00001; pollen blocker cream: WMD = –4.55, 95% CI, –6.10 to –3.00, P < .00001; microemulsion: WMD = –0.22, 95% CI, –0.42 to –0.03, P = .03). Findings from our meta-analysis show that, compared with placebo, barrier protection measures can yield improved symptomatic control for AR, with no increase in adverse events. Furthermore, barrier protection measures can improve the quality of life and NPIF. Conclusion Although further studies are still needed, our findings clearly lend support to barrier protection measures as a safe and efficacious option for the treatment of AR patients.
Faecal haemoglobin can define risk of colorectal neoplasia at surveillance colonoscopy in patients at increased risk of colorectal cancer
Authors: Digby Jayne , Cleary Shirley , Gray Lynne , Datt Pooja , Goudie David R , Steele Robert J C , Strachan Judith A , Humphries Adam , Fraser Callum G , Mowat Craig 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundQuantitative faecal immunochemical tests measure faecal haemoglobin concentration (f‐Hb), which increases in the presence of colorectal neoplasia.ObjectiveWe examined the diagnostic accuracy of faecal immunochemical test (FIT)in patients at increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) attending for surveillance colonoscopy as per national guidelines.MethodsA total of 1103 consecutive patients were prospectively invited to complete a FIT before their scheduled colonoscopy in two university hospitals in 2014– 2016. F‐Hb was analysed on an OC‐Sensor io automated analyser (Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) with a limit of detection of 2 µg Hb/g faeces. The diagnostic accuracy of f‐Hb for CRC and higher‐risk adenoma was examined.ResultsA total of 643 patients returned a faecal test. After excluding 4 patients with known inflammatory bowel disease, 639 (57.9%) remained in the study: age range: 25–90 years (median: 64 years, interquartile range (IQR): 55–71): 54.6% male. Of 593 patients who also completed colonoscopy, 41 (6.9%) had advanced neoplasia (4 CRC, 37 higher‐risk adenoma). Of the 238 patients (40.1%) who had detectable f‐Hb, 31 (13.0%) had advanced neoplasia (2 CRC, 29 higher‐risk adenoma) compared with 10 (2.8%) in those with undetectable f‐Hb (2 CRC, 8 higher‐risk adenoma). Detectable f‐Hb gave negative predictive values of 99.4% for CRC and 97.2% for CRC plus higher‐risk adenoma.ConclusionIn patients at increased risk of CRC under colonoscopy surveillance, a test measuring faecal haemoglobin can provide an objective estimate of the risk of advanced neoplasia, and could enable tailored scheduling of colonoscopy.
Agents of change: Understanding the therapeutic processes associated with the helpfulness of therapy for mental health problems with relational agent MYLO
Authors: Gaffney Hannah , Mansell Warren , Tai Sara 
Published: March 2020

Objective To understand the therapeutic processes associated with the helpfulness of an online relational agent intervention, Manage Your Life Online (MYLO). Methods Fifteen participants experiencing a mental health related problem used Manage Your Life Online for 2 weeks. At follow-up, the participants each identified two helpful and two unhelpful questions posed by Manage Your Life Online within a single intervention session. Qualitative interviews were conducted and analyzed using thematic and content analysis to gain insight into the process of therapy with Manage Your Life Online. Results MYLO appeared acceptable to participants with a range of presenting problems. Questions enabling free expression, increased awareness, and new insights were key to a helpful intervention. The findings were consistent with the core processes of therapeutic change, according to Perceptual Control Theory, a unifying theory of psychological distress. Questions that elicited intense emotions, were repetitive, confusing, or inappropriate were identified as unhelpful and were associated with disengagement or loss of faith in Manage Your Life Online. Conclusions The findings provide insight into the likely core therapy processes experienced as helpful or hindering and outlines further ways to optimize acceptability of Manage Your Life Online.
Influence of muscle fatigue on electromyogram–kinematic correlation during robot-assisted upper limb training
Authors: Poyil Azeemsha T , Steuber Volker , Amirabdollahian Farshid 
Published: March 2020

Introduction Studies on adaptive robot-assisted upper limb training interactions do not often consider the implications of muscle fatigue sufficiently. Methods To explore this, we initially assessed muscle fatigue in 10 healthy subjects using two electromyogram features, namely average power and median power frequency, during an assist-as-needed interaction with HapticMaster robot. Since robotic assistance resulted in a variable fatigue profile across participants, a completely tiring experiment, without a robot in the loop, was also designed to confirm the results. Results A significant increase in average power and a decrease in median frequency were observed in the most active muscles. Average power in the frequency band of 0.8–2.5 Hz and median frequency in the band of 20–450 Hz are potential fatigue indicators. Also, comparing the Spearman’s correlation coefficients (between the electromyogram average power and the kinematic force) across trials indicated that correlation was reduced as individual muscles were fatigued. Conclusions Confirming fatigue indicators, this study concludes that robotic assistance based on user’s performance resulted in lesser muscle fatigue, which caused an increase in electromyogram–force correlation. We now intend to utilise the electromyogram and kinematic features for auto-adaptation of therapeutic human–robot interactions.
Examining the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis, multimorbidity and adverse health-related outcomes: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Canning Jordan , Siebert Stefan , Jani Bhautesh D , Mair Frances S , Nicholl Barbara I 
Published: March 2020

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterised by articular inflammation and systemic complications. Multimorbidity (the presence of two or more long-term health conditions) is highly prevalent in people with RA but the effect of multimorbidity on mortality and other health-related outcomes is poorly understood. Objective: To determine what is known about the effect, if any, of multimorbidity on mortality and health-related outcomes in individuals with RA. Design: Systematic review of the literature. The following electronic medical databases will be searched: MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library and Scopus. Included studies will be quality appraised using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool developed by the Cochrane Prognosis Methods Group. A narrative synthesis of findings will be undertaken and meta-analyses considered, if appropriate. This protocol adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols 2015 guidelines, ensuring the quality of the review. Conclusions: Understanding the influence of multimorbidity on mortality and other health-related outcomes in RA will provide an important basis of knowledge with the potential to improve future clinical management of RA. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019137756.
Pseudomeisserite-(NH4), a new mineral with a novel uranyl-sulfate linkage from the Blue Lizard mine, San Juan County, Utah, USA
Authors: Kampf Anthony R. , Olds Travis A. , Plášil Jakub , Nash Barbara P. , Marty Joe 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe new mineral pseudomeisserite-(NH4) (IMA2018-166), (NH4,K)2Na4[(UO2)2(SO4)5]⋅4H2O, was found in the Blue Lizard mine, San Juan County, Utah, USA, where it occurs as light yellow prisms in a secondary assemblage with belakovskiite, blödite, changoite, ferrinatrite, gypsum, ivsite, metavoltine and tamarugite. The streak is very pale yellow and the fluorescence is bright lime green under 405 nm ultraviolet light. Crystals are transparent with vitreous lustre. The tenacity is brittle, the Mohs hardness is 2½, the fracture is curved or conchoidal and there is one perfect cleavage on {100}. The mineral is easily soluble in H2O and has a measured density of 3.22(2) g⋅cm–3. Pseudomeisserite-(NH4) is optically biaxial (–) with α = 1.536(2), β = 1.559(2) and γ = 1.565(2) (white light); 2Vmeas. = 53(1)°; dispersion is r > v, distinct; pleochroism: X colourless, Y light yellow and Z pale yellow (X < Z < Y); optical orientation: Z = b, Y ∧ c = 33° in obtuse β). Electron microprobe analyses (WDS mode) provided (NH4)1.49K0.60Na3.87U2.00S5.04O28H7.78. The five strongest X-ray powder diffraction lines are [dobs, Å(I)(hkl)]: 12.69(76)(100), 6.83(84)(012,102), 6.01(100)($\bar{2}$02), 3.959(67)($\bar{2}$21,$\bar{2}$14,$\bar{1}$23) and 3.135(76)($\bar{2}$06,223,$\bar{1}$16). Pseudomeisserite-(NH4) is monoclinic, P21/c, a = 13.1010(3), b = 10.0948(2), c = 19.4945(14) Å, β = 104.285(7)°, V = 2498.5(2) Å3 and Z = 4. The structural unit in the structure (R1 = 0.0254 for 3837 I > 2σI reflections) is a novel [(UO2)2(SO4)5]6– uranyl-sulfate band.
Ldb1 is required for Lmo2 oncogene–induced thymocyte self-renewal and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Li LiQi , Mitra Apratim , Cui Kairong , Zhao Bin , Choi Seeyoung , Lee Jan Y. , Stamos Daniel B. , El-Khoury Dalal , Warzecha Claude , Pfeifer Karl , Hardwick Joyce , Zhao Keji , Venters Bryan , Davé Utpal P. , Love Paul E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Prolonged or enhanced expression of the proto-oncogene Lmo2 is associated with a severe form of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), designated early T-cell precursor ALL, which is characterized by the aberrant self-renewal and subsequent oncogenic transformation of immature thymocytes. It has been suggested that Lmo2 exerts these effects by functioning as component of a multi-subunit transcription complex that includes the ubiquitous adapter Ldb1 along with b-HLH and/or GATA family transcription factors; however, direct experimental evidence for this mechanism is lacking. In this study, we investigated the importance of Ldb1 for Lmo2-induced T-ALL by conditional deletion of Ldb1 in thymocytes in an Lmo2 transgenic mouse model of T-ALL. Our results identify a critical requirement for Ldb1 in Lmo2-induced thymocyte self-renewal and thymocyte radiation resistance and for the transition of preleukemic thymocytes to overt T-ALL. Moreover, Ldb1 was also required for acquisition of the aberrant preleukemic ETP gene expression signature in immature Lmo2 transgenic thymocytes. Co-binding of Ldb1 and Lmo2 was detected at the promoters of key upregulated T-ALL driver genes (Hhex, Lyl1, and Nfe2) in preleukemic Lmo2 transgenic thymocytes, and binding of both Ldb1 and Lmo2 at these sites was reduced following Cre-mediated deletion of Ldb1. Together, these results identify a key role for Ldb1, a nonproto-oncogene, in T-ALL and support a model in which Lmo2-induced T-ALL results from failure to downregulate Ldb1/Lmo2-nucleated transcription complexes which normally function to enforce self-renewal in bone marrow hematopoietic progenitors.
Migraine, headache, and mortality in women: a cohort study
Authors: Rohmann Jessica L. , Rist Pamela M. , Buring Julie E. , Kurth Tobias 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Migraine carries a high global burden, disproportionately affects women, and has been implicated as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Migraine with aura has been consistently associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. However, published evidence on relationships between migraine or non-migraine headache and all-cause mortality is inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the effect of non-migraine headache and migraine as well as migraine subtypes on all-cause and cause-specific mortality in women.

Methods
In total, 27,844 Women’s Health Study participants, aged 45 years or older at baseline, were followed up for a median of 22.7 years. We included participants who provided information on migraine (past history, migraine without aura, or migraine with aura) or headache status and a blood sample at study start. An endpoints committee of physicians evaluated reports of incident deaths and used medical records to confirm deaths due to cardiovascular, cancer, or female-specific cancer causes. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the effect of migraine or headache status on both all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Results
Compared to individuals without any headache, no differences in all-cause mortality for individuals suffering from non-migraine headache or any migraine were observed after adjustment for confounding (HR = 1.01, 95%CI, 0.93–1.10 and HR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.89–1.04). No differences were observed for the migraine subtypes and all-cause death. Women having the migraine with aura subtype had a higher mortality due to cardiovascular disease (adjusted HR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.06–2.54). As an explanation for the lack of overall association with all-cause mortality, we observed slightly protective signals for any cancer and female-specific cancers in this group.

Conclusions
In this large prospective study of women, we found no association between non-migraine headache or migraine and all-cause mortality. Women suffering from migraine with aura had an increased risk of cardiovascular death. Future studies should investigate the reasons for the increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and evaluate whether changes in migraine patterns across the life course have differential effects on mortality.
European Headache Federation recommendations for neurologists managing giant cell arteritis
Authors: Mollan S. P. , Paemeleire K. , Versijpt J. , Luqmani R. , Sinclair A. J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and aimGiant cell arteritis (GCA) remains a medical emergency because of the risk of sudden irreversible sight loss and rarely stroke along with other complications. Because headache is one of the cardinal symptoms of cranial GCA, neurologists need to be up to date with the advances in investigation and management of this condition. The aim of this document by the European Headache Federation (EHF) is to provide an evidence-based and expert-based recommendations on GCA.MethodsThe working group identified relevant questions, performed systematic literature review and assessed the quality of available evidence, and wrote recommendations. Where there was not a high level of evidence, the multidisciplinary (neurology, ophthalmology and rheumatology) group recommended best practice based on their clinical experience.ResultsAcross Europe, fast track pathways and the utility of advanced imaging techniques are helping to reduce diagnostic delay and uncertainty, with improved clinical outcomes for patients. GCA is treated with high dose glucocorticoids (GC) as a first line agent however long-term GC toxicity is one of the key concerns for clinicians and patients. The first phase 2 and phase 3 randomised controlled trials of Tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor antagonist, have been published. It is now been approved as the first ever licensed drug to be used in GCA.ConclusionThe present article will outline recent advances made in the diagnosis and management of GCA.
LncRNA CASC2 inhibits hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by regulating the miR-222/ING5 axis
Authors: Han Yan , Liu Yuhao , Yang Chaokuan , Gao Chuanyu , Guo Xiaoyan , Cheng Jiangtao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is often characterized by cell proliferation and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). LncRNA cancer susceptibility candidate 2 (CASC2) has been revealed to be involved in PASMC injury in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. However, the exact molecular mechanisms whereby CASC2 regulates PASMC proliferation and migration are still incompletely understood.

Methods
The expression levels of CASC2, miR-222 and inhibitor of growth 5 (ING5) were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Wound healing assay was used to analyze cell migration ability. The relationship between miR-222 and CASC2 or ING5 was confirmed using bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay.

Results
CASC2 was down-regulated in hypoxia-induced PASMCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Functional experiments showed that CASC2 overexpression could reverse hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of PASMCs. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that CASC2 acted as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-222, thereby regulating the expression of ING5, the downstream target of miR-222, in PASMCs. In addition, rescue assay suggested that the inhibition mediated by CASC2 of hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and migration could be attenuated by miR-222 inhibition or ING5 overexpression.

Conclusion
CASC2 attenuated hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and migration by regulating the miR-222/ING5 axis to prevent vascular remodeling and the development of PAH, providing a novel insight and therapeutic strategy for hypoxia-induced PAH.