bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uma proposta de tipologia para as organizações econômicas da agricultura familiar do Brasil
Authors: Silva Junior Luiz Honorato da , Nascimento Fernanda Regina , Ávila Mário Lúcio de , Vieira Ludgero Cardoso Galli 
Published: January 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma Tipologia para as Organizações Econômicas da Agricultura Familiar (OEAFs) do Brasil. A partir da base de dados SIES foi proposto uma Análise Fatorial Múltipla para se encontrar os eventuais Tipos de OEAFs. Foram determinados quatro Tipos. Posteriormente, foram feitas regressões logísticas com o objetivo de se verificar quais características socioeconômicas e regionais estavam mais relacionadas a cada um dos quatro Tipos encontrados. Os resultados sugerem que o Tipo 1 são OEAFs provenientes da Agricultura familiar, de áreas rurais, de organização gerencial menos complexa e de regiões mais pobres do Brasil. O Tipo 2 contempla OEAFs mais jovens, composta por cooperativas e também de regiões menos desenvolvidas do país. O Tipo 3 é caracterizado por cooperativas, Empreendimentos provenientes da Reforma Agrária, e região Norte do país. E, por fim, o Tipo 4 é marcado por OEAFs ainda mais jovens, Agricultura Empresarial, atividades não rurais e localizadas nas regiões economicamente mais dinâmicas do país. ABSTRACTThe objective of this paper is to propose a typology for the Economic Organizations of Family Agriculture (OEAFs) in Brazil. From the SIES database a Multiple Factor Analysis was proposed to find the possible types of OEAFs. Four Types were determined. Subsequently, logistic regressions were made in order to verify which socioeconomic and regional characteristics were most related to each of the four types found. The results suggest that Type 1 are OEAFs from family farming, from rural areas, from less complex managerial organization and from poorer regions of Brazil. Type 2 includes younger OEAFs, composed of cooperatives as well as less developed regions of the country. Type 3 is characterized by cooperatives, Enterprises from Agrarian Reform, and the northern region of the country. And, finally, Type 4 is marked by even younger OEAFs, Business Agriculture, non-rural activities and located in the most dynamic regions of the country. KEYWORDS: Typology, Economic Organizations, Family Agriculture, Brazil.
Experiencias robóticas en infantil
Authors: Recio Caride Salomé 
Published: January 2020

En cualquier nivel del ámbito de la educación, cada vez está más presente la robótica. En este artículo, compartimos prácticas llevadas a cabo a lo largo de cinco cursos escolares, con dos grupos de Educación Infantil, iniciándose en el desarrollo del pensamiento computacional. Con él, pretendemos mostrar algunas de las experiencias que se han llevado a cabo desde los 3 años con la intención de dar visibilidad a estas vivencias, por si sirven como ejemplo a quienes aún no se han atrevido a dar el paso e introducir este tipo de pensamiento en los primeros niveles escolares. O para quienes ven con miedo o desaprobación estas prácticas, con la esperanza de que perciban lo positivo que pueden aportar a sus clases y desarrollo integral de su alumnado.
At any level in the field of education, robotics is increasingly present. In this article, we share practices carried out throughout five school courses, with two groups of Early Childhood Education, beginning in the development of computational thinking. With it, we intend to show some of the experiences that have been carried out since 3 years with the intention of giving visibility to these experiences, in case they serve as an example to those who have not yet dared to take the step and introduce this type of Thought in the first school levels. Or for those who see these practices with fear or disapproval, with the hope that they perceive the positive that they can contribute to their classes and integral development of their students.
Justice in education and recognitive justice
Authors: Hanhela Teemu Eino Petteri 
Published: January 2020

This paper focuses on a topical issue - the idea of ‘justice in education’ – developed by Krassimir Stojanov, among other recent educational justice theorists. Justice in education has to ask ‘educational questions about education’, which means that educational justice theory should be capable of dealing with educational practices, and constellations that are asymmetrical interaction orders. This requires, from the perspective of a child, criteria to distinguish between justified and unjustified educative demands towards responsibility and autonomy. This paper analyses forms of recognition as a legitimate summons that enables the individual’s autonomy. It also analyses the illegitimate demands that emerge from Stojanov’s innovative idea to combine the forms of misrecognition with the concepts of epistemic injustice.
The second chapter of this paper introduces the challenges related to the recognitive justice as justice in education. The examination of Dietrich Benner’s recent critique of recognition theory illuminates these challenges in two ways: first, it is shown that there can be something negatively experienced, but the result of productive disruptions that the educator need to produce, which are out of the scope of recognition theory. Second, the recognitive justice paradigm ignores elementary pedagogical conditions and requirements, ‘the pedagogical knowledge’ and its methods, and is therefore unable to fully grasp the legitimate educational authority. This paper concludes with a synthesis that finds the crucial elements from the recognition theory to justice in education and critically assessing Benner’s claims. Overall, the paper offers potential for further development in justice in education.
The influence of ecological infrastructures adjacent to crops on their carabid assemblages in intensive agroecosystems
Authors: Pecheur Emilie , Piqueray Julien , Monty Arnaud , Dufrêne Marc , Mahy Grégory 
Published: January 2020

Background
Conserving biodiversity and enhancing ecosystem services of interest in intensive agroecosystems is a major challenge. Perennial ecological infrastructures (EIs), such as hedges and grassy strips, and annual EI under Agri-Environment Schemes appear to be good candidates to promote both. Our study focused on carabids, an indicator group responding both at the species and functional trait level to disturbances and supporting pest control and weed seed consumption services.

Methods
We compared carabid assemblages at the species and functional traits levels, sampled via pitfall trapping, in three types of EIs (hedges, grassy strips and annual flower strips) and crops. We also tested via GLMs the effect of (1) the type of EI at the crops’ border and (2) the distance from the crops’ border (two meters or 30 meters) on carabid assemblages of crops. Tested variables comprised: activity-density, species richness, functional dispersion metrics (FDis) and proportions of carabids by functional categories (Diet: generalist predators/specialist predators/seed-eaters; Size: small/medium/large/very large; Breeding period: spring/autumn).

Results and Discussion
Carabid assemblages on the Principal Coordinate Analysis split in two groups: crops and EIs. Assemblages from all sampled EIs were dominated by mobile generalist predator species from open-land, reproducing in spring. Assemblages of hedges were poor in activity-density and species richness, contrarily to grassy and annual flower strips. Differences in carabid assemblages in crops were mainly driven by the presence of hedges. The presence of hedges diminished the Community Weighted Mean size of carabids in crops, due to an increased proportion of small (<5 mm) individuals, while distance from crops’ border favoured large (between 10–15 mm) carabids. Moreover, even if they were attracted by EIs, granivorous carabid species were rare in crops. Our results underlie the importance of local heterogeneity when adapting crops’ borders to enhance carabid diversity and question the relevance of hedge implantation in intensive agrolandscapes, disconnected from any coherent ecological network. Moreover, this study emphasizes the difficulty to modify functional assemblages of crops for purposes of ecosystem services development, especially for weed seed consumption, as well as the role of distance from the crops’ border in the shaping of crop carabid assemblages.
Microbial Metabolites Powered by Nanoparticles could be Used as Pesticides in Future? (NanoBioPecdicides)
Authors: Dikbaş Neslihan , Tolga Cinisli Kağan 
Published: January 2020

Aims: Pests are one of the factors that cause problems in plant production. Many methods are used in the fight against economically damaging insects. Mixtures of various substances are used to reduce the negative effects of harmful organisms and to control them. These substances, called pesticides, often have a chemical origin, because they have many direct and indirect damages to human and nature. In the future, thanks to the encapsulation of microbial metabolites into nanoparticles, it is likely that nano-biopesticides based on new nanobiotechnological methods will emerge as alternatives to conventional pesticides.
Opinion: Could the bacterial origin chitinase enzyme (Nano-Bio formulation) immobilize to zinc oxide nanoparticles be used against harmful insects in agricultural production in the future? Can it be used to break down the chitin structure in the intestinal cells of harmful insects, suppress intestinal enzymes that are important to insects (LDH, AT, AP) and cause death by breaking down the throat?
Call to the Future: New pesticide formulations can be created as a renewable natural product against plant pests using various protein structures that humans produce from microorganisms isolated from their gene sources. The stabilization of the product can be maintained by immobilizing the nanoparticles to increase the effectiveness of the pest. Thus, the risk potential of pollution created by traditional pesticides will be reduced. The use of Nano-bio pesticides will bring a different perspective in the field of industry. By establishing various production centres based on bioprocesses of renewable resources, it can lead to an effective struggle in agricultural production and increase global employment on a global scale.
What do we have to do?: As scientists, believing in the power of microorganisms, the investigation of the potential of microbial metabolites to be used as pesticides and their effectiveness and stability with nanoparticles is important for the 10-year process ahead.
A novel molecular link between HOXA9 and WNT6 in glioblastoma identifies a subgroup of patients with particular poor prognosis
Authors: Gonçalves Céline S. , Xavier‐Magalhães Ana , Martins Eduarda P. , Pinto Afonso A. , Pires Manuel Melo , Pinheiro Célia , Reis Rui M. , Sousa Nuno , Costa Bruno M. 
Published: January 2020

Despite much effort to improve treatments, patients with malignant glioma still present a very poor prognosis that has not changed significantly in the last decades. In this context, it is crucial to better understand glioma pathogenesis to identify new molecular prognostic subgroups and therapeutic targets. WNT6 was recently identified as a new oncogenic molecule in glioblastoma (GBM), with prognostic value in patients, but the mechanisms underlying WNT6 aberrant expression in glioma are still unknown. WNT6 was overexpressed in a subset of gliomas independently of IDH mutations, 1p/19q codeletion status, and WNT6 gene copy number. Interestingly, WNT6 expression is associated with the DNA methylation levels of particular CpG regions at both the WNT6 promoter and the gene body in glioma patient samples. HOXA9, a transcription factor previously associated with poorer clinical outcome in GBM, was identified as a novel transcriptional regulator of WNT6, activating the WNT/β‐catenin pathway in vitro and in vivo. In various cohorts of glioma patients, mRNA levels of WNT6 and HOXA9 were significantly correlated, extending our in vitro and in vivo findings into the clinical setting. Interestingly, this novel molecular link between WNT6 and HOXA9 was not limited to glioma, as they were co‐expressed also in patients with other tumor types. Clinically, WNT6 was a prognostic biomarker of shorter survival in GBM, independently of HOXA9 expression. Concomitant high expression of both WNT6 and HOXA9 identified a subgroup of patients with particularly dismal survival. These findings describe novel WNT6 regulatory mechanisms in GBM, establishing particular DNA methylation patterns and HOXA9 as critical regulators of WNT6 expression in glioma. This HOXA9‐WNT6 molecular link supports WNT signaling in GBM cells and is a powerful prognostic biomarker, highlighting the clinical relevance of this axis in patients. Novel therapies targeting WNT6‐HOXA9 signaling may thus be useful for this deadly disease.
Comparison of radiation dose and image quality between flat panel computed tomography and multidetector computed tomography in a hybrid CT‐angiography suite
Authors: Jones Aaron K. , Odisio Bruno C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare, using the same radiation dose and image quality metrics, flat panel computed tomography (FPCT) to multidetector CT (MDCT) in interventional radiology. A single robotic angiography system with FPCT was compared to a single MDCT system, both installed in a hybrid CT‐angiography laboratory and both operating under automatic exposure control. Radiation dose was measured on the central axis (Dc) of a CT dosimetry phantom 30 cm in diameter and 60 cm in length using default protocols for FPCT and MDCT with the imaged length in MDCT matched to the field of view of FPCT. The noise power spectrum (NPS), modulation transfer function (MTF), and z‐axis resolution were measured using the same phantom. Iodine contrast to noise ratio (CNR) was also measured. Radiation dose (Dc) was 41%–69% lower in MDCT compared to FPCT when default protocols and automatic exposure control were used. While spatial resolution could generally be matched with appropriate choice of kernel in MDCT, MTF dropped more quickly at higher spatial frequency for MDCT than FPCT. Image noise was 49%–120% higher for MDCT compared to FPCT for comparable in‐plane spatial resolution. Z‐axis resolution was slightly better for MDCT than FPCT, while iodine CNR depended on protocol selection. Radiation dose was much lower for MDCT compared to FPCT, but image noise was much higher. Matching image noise in MDCT to FPCT would result in similar radiation doses. Iodine contrast depended on dose modulation settings for MDCT.
V2O5 Textile Cathodes with High Capacity and Stability for Flexible Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhu Yujing , Yang Mei , Huang Qiyao , Wang Dongrui , Yu Ranbo , Wang Jiangyan , Zheng Zijian , Wang Dan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTextile‐based energy‐storage devices are highly appealing for flexible and wearable electronics. Here, a 3D textile cathode with high loading, which couples hollow multishelled structures (HoMSs) with conductive metallic fabric, is reported for high‐performance flexible lithium‐ion batteries. V2O5 HoMSs prepared by sequential templating approach are used as active materials and conductive metallic fabrics are applied as current collectors and flexible substrates. Taking advantage of the desirable structure of V2O5 HoMSs that effectively buffers the volume expansion and alleviates the stress/strain during repeated Li‐insertion/extraction processes, as well as the robust flexible metallic‐fabric current collector, the as‐prepared fabric devices show excellent electrochemical performance and ultrahigh stability. The capacity retains a high value of 222.4 mA h g−1 at a high mass loading of 2.5 mg cm−2 even after 500 charge/discharge cycles, and no obvious performance degradation is observed after hundreds of cycles of bending and folding. These results indicate that V2O5 HoMSs/metallic‐fabric cathode electrode is promising for highly flexible lithium‐ion batteries.
Optical Properties and Photocarrier Dynamics of Bi2O2Se Monolayer and Nanoplates
Authors: Liu Shuangyan , Tan Congwei , He Dawei , Wang Yongsheng , Peng Hailin , Zhao Hui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA comprehensive experimental study on optical properties and photocarrier dynamics in Bi2O2Se monolayers and nanoplates is presented. Large and uniform Bi2O2Se nanoplates with various thicknesses down to the monolayer limit are fabricated. In nanoplates, a direct optical transition near 720 nm is identified by optical transmission, photoluminescence, and transient absorption spectroscopic measurements and is attributed to the transition between the valence and conduction bands in the Γ valley. Time‐resolved differential reflection measurements reveal ultrafast carrier thermalization and energy relaxation processes and a photocarrier recombination lifetime of about 200 ps in nanoplates. Furthermore, by spatially resolving the differential reflection signal, a photocarrier diffusion coefficient of about 4.8 cm2 s−1 is obtained, corresponding to a mobility of about 180 cm2 V−1 s−1. A similar direct transition is also observed in monolayer Bi2O2Se, suggesting that the states in the Γ valley do not change significantly with the thickness. The temporal dynamics of the excitons in the monolayer is quite different from the nanoplates, with a strong saturation effect and fast exciton–exciton annihilation at high densities. Spatially and temporally resolved measurements yield an exciton diffusion coefficient of about 20 cm2 s−1.
New Self‐Organization Route to Tunable Narrowband Optical Filters and Polarizers Demonstrated with ZnO–ZnWO4 Eutectic Composite
Authors: Osewski Paweł , Belardini Alessandro , Centini Marco , Valagiannopoulos Constantinos , Leahu Grigore , Li Voti Roberto , Tomczyk Monika , Alù Andrea , Pawlak Dorota A. , Sibilia Concita 
Published: January 2020

AbstractElectromagnetic fields interacting with microscopic structural features in a composite material provide emerging optical properties that surpass those offered by the individual components. However, composite materials can be generally lossy due to the scattering effects induced by inhomogeneities at the interfaces between different compounds. To overcome such problems, complicated and costly manufacturing procedures, such as top‐down approaches, are generally required. In contrast, here ZnO–ZnWO4 eutectic self‐organized composites grown by the micropulling method are considered, displaying sharp and strongly polarized transmission at 397 nm. Such an optical response is notable because it is not observed in either ZnO or ZnWO4 single crystals. The optical response is due to the refractive index matching of the two constituents, which self‐organize into ordered structures via a micropulling down method. The optical behavior reported here can directly lead to applications, such as tunable narrowband filters with bandpass of 3 nm and polarizers, paving the way to a new self‐organization route for manufacturing optical components.
A 3D‐Printed Hybrid Nasal Cartilage with Functional Electronic Olfaction
Authors: Jodat Yasamin A. , Kiaee Kiavash , Vela Jarquin Daniel , De la Garza Hernández Rosakaren Ludivina , Wang Ting , Joshi Sudeep , Rezaei Zahra , de Melo Bruna Alice Gomes , Ge David , Mannoor Manu S. , Shin Su Ryon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAdvances in biomanufacturing techniques have opened the doors to recapitulate human sensory organs such as the nose and ear in vitro with adequate levels of functionality. Such advancements have enabled simultaneous targeting of two challenges in engineered sensory organs, especially the nose: i) mechanically robust reconstruction of the nasal cartilage with high precision and ii) replication of the nose functionality: odor perception. Hybrid nasal organs can be equipped with remarkable capabilities such as augmented olfactory perception. Herein, a proof‐of‐concept for an odor‐perceptive nose‐like hybrid, which is composed of a mechanically robust cartilage‐like construct and a biocompatible biosensing platform, is proposed. Specifically, 3D cartilage‐like tissue constructs are created by multi‐material 3D bioprinting using mechanically tunable chondrocyte‐laden bioinks. In addition, by optimizing the composition of stiff and soft bioinks in macro‐scale printed constructs, the competence of this system in providing improved viability and recapitulation of chondrocyte cell behavior in mechanically robust 3D constructs is demonstrated. Furthermore, the engineered cartilage‐like tissue construct is integrated with an electrochemical biosensing system to bring functional olfactory sensations toward multiple specific airway disease biomarkers, explosives, and toxins under biocompatible conditions. Proposed hybrid constructs can lay the groundwork for functional bionic interfaces and humanoid cyborgs.
Molecular Engineering in Hole Transport π‐Conjugated Polymers to Enable High Efficiency Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells
Authors: Mubarok Muhibullah Al , Aqoma Havid , Wibowo Febrian Tri Adhi , Lee Wooseop , Kim Hyung Min , Ryu Du Yeol , Jeon Ju‐Won , Jang Sung‐Yeon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOrganic p‐type materials are potential candidates as solution processable hole transport materials (HTMs) for colloidal quantum dot solar cells (CQDSCs) because of their good hole accepting/electron blocking characteristics and synthetic versatility. However, organic HTMs have still demonstrated inferior performance compared to conventional p‐type CQD HTMs. In this work, organic π‐conjugated polymer (π‐CP) based HTMs, which can achieve performance superior to that of state‐of‐the‐art HTM, p‐type CQDs, are developed. The molecular engineering of the π‐CPs alters their optoelectronic properties, and the charge generation and collection in CQDSCs using them are substantially improved. A device using PBDTTPD‐HT achieves power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.53% with decent air‐storage stability. This is the highest reported PCE among CQDSCs using organic HTMs, and even higher than the reported best solid‐state ligand exchange‐free CQDSC using pCQD‐HTM. From the viewpoint of device processing, device fabrication does not require any solid‐state ligand exchange step or layer‐by‐layer deposition process, which is favorable for exploiting commercial processing techniques.