bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is the French Emergency Medical Service System duplicable in developing countries?
Authors: Rossinot H , Lapandry C , Adnet F , Carli P , Lecarpentier E , Baer M , Veber F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Issue
The management of pre-hospital emergencies is a growing issue in developing countries, particularly because of the increase of both road accidents and cardio-vascular diseases.

Description of the problem
Numerous countries have tried or are currently trying to develop emergency response systems like the French SAMU but the outcome of those actions show a lot of difficulties. It is however proved that efficient care of serious pre-hospital medical emergencies significantly improves both patients’ mortality and morbidity.

Results
AP-HP, Greater Paris University Hospitals, has a strong experience of supporting the development of this model of care in countries with limited resources. Most of last 30 years’ experiments have been reviewed to understand what the essential prerequisites to succeed in setting up an emergency response system such as SAMU are. The analysis (5 criteria evaluation: efficiency, sustainability, effectiveness, impact, relevance) of past and present experiments in 28 countries showed that main issues are political (what are the priorities?), financial and societal (what does the population expect?). The question of medical resources is also crucial as the French model introduces medical regulation at all levels. Moreover, in France, such a system is built as a health care pathway with a predetermined orientation towards the appropriate and operational structure, which unfortunately is not the case in a lot of countries. Aside from those realized in China or in some Southern American countries, most of the projects so far don’t match all the evaluation criteria, particularly sustainability, as it is based both on stable funding and a strong reactivity of local hospitals.

Lessons
Future projects will have to fit with the local context. Strong commitments from partner countries must be made on the long term to have a real impact.

Key messages
There is no universal system easily duplicable. Some major prerequisites must be identified and implemented to succeed in the set-up of an efficient and sustainable EMSS.
From deliberative dialogue to impact: envisioning kmowledge translation
Authors: Hobden O , Borst R A J , Al-Metleq A , Kok M O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The previous decades of research have contributed tremendously to the improvement of health. Nonetheless, problems remain regarding the use and relevance of public health research. Knowledge translation methods, such as deliberative dialogues, are believed to increase the use and relevance of such research. However, little is known about how they increase the impact of public health research. This study sought to trace the impact of deliberative dialogues through an actor-scenario approach. Actor-scenario mapping asks key actors to describe how and by whom research findings may potentially be used. This allows for constructing more concrete action plans.

Methods
This study used a qualitative case-study design with semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and a survey. The study focused on a Jordanian deliberative dialogue organised in April 2019. Interviews were conducted with 15 key stakeholders before and after the dialogue. Observations and surveys were collected during the dialogue. An abductive approach to thematic analysis was used to arrive at key themes for the report.

Results
The results show that dialogue participants found it difficult to propose concrete scenarios for action. They described that the sensitive nature of some research topics impairs action. Additionally, participants proposed that research funding should be earmarked for concrete actions. Overall, their scenarios proposed that high-level decision makers maintain involved in the knowledge to action process. Some participants mentioned that the articulation of scenarios for action contributes to research impact, since researchers usually do not engage with potential users.

Conclusions
Actor-scenario mapping is an innovative way of understanding how deliberative dialogues increase the impact of public health research. This scenario approach can inform the organisation of deliberative dialogues by actors such as EVIPNet.

Key messages
Actor-scenario mapping can trace the impact of deliberative dialogues. The scenario approach can better align the dialogues with policy and practice.
Strategies and measurement for global health governance assessment: a 5-years mixed review
Authors: Damiani G , Pettinicchio V , Markovic R , Rosi L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Global health governance is defined as the use of institutions, rules and processes “to deal with challenges to health that require cross-border collective action to be addressed effectively”. Several studies on this have been published, but there is no consensus about the measure of its various aspects. The aim of this study was to search for strategies used by healthcare systems to evaluate their care in global settings and for shared indicators to assess global health governance worldwide.
This systematic analysis of qualitative and quantitative studies was conducted according to the Population-Intervention-COntext model and the Population-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome models, using search string “global health and governance and assessment”, from 2014 to 2018 (in biennium 2013-14 WHO and others identified health governance as a global priority). Articles that reported quantitative and/or qualitative evaluation on global health governance were included.
Outcomes were screened by title and abstract, and then by full texts in order to assess eligibility.
From a total of 98, six studies met inclusion criteria. 4 main strategies of global health governance were identified: intersectoral policies (demographic factors, sanitation practices, housing characteristics and social behaviors); food and nutrition, caring to strengthen country-owned governance capacity (high levels of governance are associated with signing up initiatives for undernutrition prevention, OR = 30); disability and rehabilitation, crucial for realization of the right to health; risk factors control and non-communicable disease prevention (tobacco control).
Two set of indicators were found: an expert-informed framework for assessing rehabilitation and a set of primary data sources to evaluate nutrition in fragile countries. Although lots of evidence in literature about globalization, only few areas are adequately measured. Literature about this topic should pay attention to assessment.

Key messages
In literature, four local areas were identified having perspective of global health governance: intersectoral policies, nutrition, rehabilitation and non-communicable disease prevention. For two of these areas, nutrition and rehabilitation, shared patterns of indicators were found, from primary data sources and expert consensus.
Acceptability and utilization of evidence for decision-making: helminth control, sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Pearson G , D’Souza B , Fergus C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Public health practitioners are part of a larger global health system, responsible for the implementation of disease-specific health interventions, largely financed by external actors through a variety of mechanisms. Emphasis on the need for evidence-informed decision-making often includes rhetoric for the localization of this approach to assist practitioners in resource allocation. In practice its realisation is challenging. This research addresses the following: what are the evidence needs of local public health practitioners? How acceptable are, for example, modeled disease estimates? What decision-making processes occur for implementation? How do evidence and decision-making processes interact?

Methods
Examining mass drug administration (MDA) for schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths (STH) in the African Great Lakes region (Kenya, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda), we use qualitative approaches to collect data, including a series of 4 workshops with district- and national-level MoH personnel, key informant interviews and e-survey questionnaires from a sample of relevant local and global organisations including NGOs. Coded data are analysed thematically.

Results
Preliminary results provide important insights into the sources, types and format of evidence which local public health practitioners find acceptable and useful for decision-making when implementing disease control measures.

Conclusions
A variety of factors influence local level decision-making with implications for policy aimed at disease control, such as MDA for schistosomiasis and STH, and global health policy and practice more broadly. First, processes of decision-making at different localities are heterogenous and evidence needs of local practitioners are not well understood. Second, evidence development and knowledge synthesis on health interventions are rarely linked in ways that feedback and respond to local implementation, decision-making practices and public health practitioners.

Key messages
Evidence needs of local public health practitioners need to be accounted for when producing and synthesising evidence. Multiple factors influence local level decision-making with implications for public health disease control policy.
The impact of social media misused and behavior problems among adolescent in Thailand
Authors: O-ium P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Recent increased in the prevalence of behavioral problems among young adults has coincided with the raised of popularity of Internet usage including handheld technologies, electronic game and social media among adolescent. However, these information in Thailand is limited. Therefore, this study aim to investigate the association between social media misused and behavioral problems among adolescent in Thailand.

Materials and methods
The cross-sectional was conducted at 7 public schools located in Central of Thailand in December 2018. The behavioral problems were assessed by using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors associated with the behavioral problems.

Results
The total of 1,118 were enrolled into the study. The prevalence of the social media misused and behavioral problems were 85% and 18.5%, respectively. The prevalence of the subscale behavioral problems were peer problem (21%), emotional problem (19%), hyperactivities (10%) and conduct problem (4%). The independent factors associated with behavioral problems were include sleep problem (OR = 3.3, 95%CI = 2.1-5.1), prosocial behavior (OR = 0.4, 95%CI =0.3-0.6), social media misused (OR = 2.5, 95%CI =1.7-3.8), Facebook addiction (OR = 1.8, 95%CI = 1.1-3.0) and Line addiction (OR = 2.8, 95%CI = 1.5-5.1).

Conclusions
This study highlight the association between the social media misused and high prevalence of behavioral problems among adolescent in Thailand. The information of the potential risk factors should be inform to all stakeholders for develop and implement the effective intervention for young adults in Thailand.

Key messages
The association between the social media misused and high prevalence of behavioral problems among adolescent in Thailand. The information of the potential risk factors should be informed to develop and implement the effective intervention for young adults in Thailand.
Association of maternal developmental disorder traits with child maltreatment
Authors: Fujiwara T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
Maternal mental disorders are known risk factors for child mistreatment. However, little is known about the involvement of maternal developmental disorder traits. The aim of this study was to examine maternal traits related to Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and their possible association with child maltreatment.

Methods
Maternal PDD and ADHD were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire (N = 846) during mid-pregnancy using the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale (PARS) and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). The mothers completed another questionnaire on child mistreatment when the offspring was approximately 18 months of age. The associations between maternal PDD and ADHD traits and child maltreatment score were analyzed using linear regression models adjusted for covariates.

Results
Mothers who exhibited stronger PDD traits showed significantly higher child maltreatment score, even after adjustment for maternal characteristics at baseline and ADHD traits. At the same time, ADHD traits were significantly associated with child maltreatment after adjustment of covariates, although the association became non-significant after adjustment of PDD traits.

Conclusions
Mothers who showed PDD and ADHD traits during pregnancy were more likely to maltreat their children. It is essential to educate mothers with such traits with appropriate, easy-to-follow childcare instructions, preferably in simple language combined with pictorial aids.

Key messages
Maternal developmental disorder traits are risk factor of child maltreatment. Specific parenting training intervention for mothers with developmental disorders are needed.
Finding alternative roles for Traditional Birth Attendants: an experience from the south of Angola
Authors: Fattorini M , Raguzzoni G , Cuccaro C , Nante N , Quercioli C , Ileni F , Kaunawoye M C , Caresia C , Putoto G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Reduction of maternal mortality ratio (MMR), a key indicator contained in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), is strictly related to maternal empowerment and to an increasing access to skilled care in pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. The WHO recommends to define alternative roles for Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) in the transition from birth with TBAs to birth with Skilled Birth Attendants (SBAs), in particular in countries where maternal care services still do not meet recommended standards.

Objectives
In 2018, the Italian Non-Governmental Organization Doctors with Africa CUAMM and the District Health Department of Ombadja (a 350000 inhabitants district in Cunene province, south of Angola) started a three-year multifaceted project to support and strengthen local health services. Aim of this work is to describe the first six months of an implemented activity involving 120 local TBAs, identified and trained to perform basic educational talks in the district territory regarding topical issues of mother and child health. TBAs were also engaged in the referral of pregnant women to health facilities with SBAs.

Results
From June to November 2018, TBAs performed 2272 talks about maternal and child health issues: healthy pregnancy (551 talks, 24.3%), nutrition (404, 17.8%) and malaria (370, 16.3%) were the most debated topics. The total of women’s presences during these educational talks was 57504, and 15379 of them (26.7%) were pregnant. TBAs referred to health facilities 226 pregnant women for a delivery assisted by SBAs.

Conclusions
Angolan estimated MMR in 2015 was 477/100000 live births: therefore, more efforts should be made to contribute to the achievement of 2030 SDGs target of 70/100000 globally. Moreover, the country percentage of deliveries assisted by SBAs is less than 50%. Promoting alternative roles for TBAs into the mother and child health framework could represent an effective way to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Key messages
According to the World Health Organization, defining alternative roles for traditional birth attendants could represent an effective way to support the health of women and children. Traditional Birth Attendants can play an important role in providing basic health education and in the “referral chain” of pregnant women to health facilities with skilled birth attendants.
Cosmetics and pregnancy: perception of health risk by health professionals and pregnant women
Authors: Sauvant-Rochat M , Kouamé N G L , Fradet M R , Marie C , Bernard L , Maquinghen S , Lémery D , Vendittelli F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Contex
During pregnancy, the International Federation of Gyneco-Obstetrics (FIGO) advocates limiting exposure to chemicals present in everyday products, including cosmetics. However, both pregnant women (PW) and perinatal health professionals (PHP) know still poorly this source of exposure. AIMS: The PERICOS-Quali Study aims to identify the perception of the risk associated with the use of cosmetics during pregnancy by PHP and PW.

Methodology
A qualitative survey was conducted among PHP and PW in Auvergne (France). The data were collected by semi-structured interviews with the PHP and by focus group with the PW, until saturation of the speeches, by an experienced investigator, with an interview guide. The interviews were recorded, the verbatim was transcribed and subjected to a thematic analysis with the N-VIVO v11 software.

Results
12 PHP (5 midwives, 2 general practitioners and 5 obstetricians) and 24 PW were interviewed. PHP and PW considered cosmetics as wellness and body-care products. Furthermore PHP noted that during pregnancy women used more often organic products, moisturizers or anti-stretch marks, and reduced the use of perfumes, deodorants. In the absence of recommandations based on Evidence-Based Medecine, PHP and PW considered the risk related to cosmetics as not major. The PHP (especially midwives) reported giving advice to comfort the pregnant women; their positioning was not to prohibit the use of cosmetics during pregnancy. PW did not identify PHP as reliable sources of information about cosmetics.

Conclusions
PHP are seeking for tools to help them to better advice PW. And PW would like also to have pertinent advices about cosmetics to make a reasoned choice.

Key messages
Health education about use of cosmetics during pregnancy is necessary. Pregnant women and health professionals don’t perceive health risk linked to cosmetics.
Evaluation of the oral health of pregnant women in prenatal consultations in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Meless G D , Guinan J C , Sangaré A D , Traoré M , Amangoua A A , Danho-Da V , Datté A S , Samba M , Bakayoko-Ly R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Despite the proven links between oral health status and adverse pregnancy outcomes, oral examination is not systematically integrated into prenatal examinations in Côte d’Ivoire. In addition, there are no prevention messages specifically targeted at pregnant women. Objective: To assess the oral health of pregnant women in Côte d’Ivoire.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the Maternal and Child Health Department of the National Public Health Institute in Abidjan. The data collected were: age, education level, marital status, source of income, trimester of pregnancy, gestational age, oral hygiene habits and the fact that they whether or not received oral health information. A clinical examination was conducted to assess oral hygiene (OHIS index), periodontal condition (CPI index), dental condition (DMFT index), as well as the presence of epulis, erosion or dental mobility. Frequencies and counts were calculated for the different variables in the study.

Results
A total of 207 women were observed. The age range was 15 to 44 years with 14.0% under 19 years old. The majority were in couple (76.8%), multi-gesture (77.3%), and more than half had no education (52.2%) or source of income (56.0%); 50.7% snacked between meals and 33.3% had vomiting. They brushed their teeth at least twice a day (70.0%) and had not changed their oral hygiene habits (77.3%) during this pregnancy. Only 3.4% had information on oral health conditions during pregnancy. The frequency of caries was 75.4%, dental erosions 13.0%, gingivitis 57.0%, periodontitis 6.8% and epulis 3.4%.

Conclusions
The results suggest the integration of systematic dental consultation into prenatal consultations in order permit the sensitization of these women, screening and management of their oral conditions.

Key messages
Oral diseases of pregnant women are a reality without their knowledge in Côte d’Ivoire. A systematic dental visit is essential during prenatal consultations in Côte d’Ivoire.
Participatory research in the field of early childhood interventions - how can this be achieved?
Authors: Weigl M , Marbler C , Haas S , Laskowski W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The Austrian early childhood interventions programme (“Frühe Hilfen”) is an overall concept of health promotion measures, aiming to support families depending on their individual needs to create good conditions for raising their children. This should contribute to long-term health of the children. The manifold effects of this complex intervention on the families are to be investigated in the future. To do so, a research concept shall be developed using a participatory research approach. A selective literature search was carried out to identify concrete recommendations for participatory research and previous experiences on the participation of parents. Based on these results, semi-structured interviews and group discussions with families were carried out. According to literature, parents have rarely been used as co-researchers. Our experiences show that access to families in burdened life circumstances is possible via the low-threshold structures of our early childhood interventions programme. In 2018, 21 families participated in interviews and group discussions. The latter method is particularly well suited for obtaining targeted information from families and building trust for long-term cooperation. Still, the stressful family situations make it difficult to participate in research activities. Therefore, specific conditions are required. At present, it is clear that it is feasible to involve families and test research methods together. The next step, an equal cooperation of families and researchers, shall be achieved by the use of a research group. A small group started in Spring 2019, eventually being involved in the implementation of some methods during fall 2019. Whether families are willing to participate continuously for a long time in research activities remains unclear, so far.

Key messages
Participatory research with families in stressful situations needs time and patience as well as specific conditions, but it is possible. Participation of the target group in the planning phase of further research can lead to relevant insights for programme improvements.