bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contracting Out Public Services to the Private Sector in the UK: Issues and Considerations
Authors: Al-Shibli Dr.Farouq 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDelivery high-quality services to people in a wide range of social fields and improve the most living standards are considered the main objectives for any government. Many countries, including the UK, felt the need for managerial reforms in the public sector after the global economic crisis, and several steps were taken to introduce new managerial public administration including the private sector involvement which was the only practical solution to encourage national economic growth. However, it was witnessed that the UK government could not successfully complete some of its projects carried out with private sectors, resulting in the waste of financial resources and effect negatively on the quality services delivered to people. This paper therefore aims to highlight the pros/cons of UK government contracts in order to propose various suggestions for the promotion of public private partnership (PPP), and for effective management of these contracts that will prevent the wasting of public money.
Synthesis and antiproliferative activities of polymethoxyflavones aminoalkyl and amino acid derivatives
Authors: Ran Li-qiong , Li Xue-li , Liu Man-hui , Wang Qiu-an 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Twelve novel aminoalkyl derivatives 3a-3f, 4a-4f and four novel amino acid derivatives 5a, 5b, 6a and 6b of polymethoxyflavones 1 and 2 were synthesized through regioselective demethylation, etherification, amination, EDCl-mediated amide condensation and alkaline hydrolysis, using tangeretin and nobiletin as starting materials. Their antiproliferative activities against four different human cancer cell lines (Aspc-1, SUN5, HepG-2 and HCT116) were evaluated by in vitro CCK-8 assay. The results show that the majority of the synthetic compounds exhibited moderate to good antiproliferative activity. In particular, the antiproliferative activity of compound 5b against HepG-2 cells (IC50 0.057 μM) was equal to the positive control drug Staurosporine (IC50 0.0575 μM).
The Fascination with Crisis and the Crisis of Perception in Contemporary British Drama
Authors: Baumbach Sibylle 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBased on considerations of the connection between fascination, crisis, and the “Medusa effect,” this paper argues that contemporary drama tends to challenge the audience’s sense of safe spectatorship by stimulating perceptual crises, returning the spectators’ gaze, and exposing their tendencies of (in)attentional blindness. Besides plays by Martin Crimp, Carol Ann Duffy, and Rufus Norris, the analysis focuses on James Graham’s Quiz (2017), which dramatizes one of the most popular scandals in the history of British game shows and challenges the audience’s capacity of moral attention. As I argue, Quiz engages the audience in multi-levelled crises (a crisis of knowledge, a crisis of perception, and a crisis of judgement), which stimulates conceptual blending, tests spectators’ response-ability on an ethical, aesthetic, and political level, and eventually allows them to overcome the perceptual crisis created in the course of the play.
Transition readiness measures for adolescents and young adults with chronic health conditions: a systematic review
Authors: Parfeniuk Sarah , Petrovic Kristin , MacIsaac Peggy Lynn , Cook Karen A. , Rempel Gwen R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundTransition from pediatric to adult healthcare for adolescents with chronic health conditions has emerged as a critical period influencing health outcomes. Suitable transition readiness measures are necessary to facilitate effective planning. Currently, there is little consensus about well-validated transition readiness measures. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify best practices in transition readiness measurement for adolescents and young adults with chronic health conditions.Data sourcesAcademic databases searched included PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Google Scholar and Athabasca University Library’s Discover.Study selectionArticles were included that discussed the development and psychometric properties of transition readiness measures for adolescents and young adults (11–25 years) with chronic health conditions and/or that utilized a previously developed measure.Data extractionThe primary and secondary reviewers extracted data from the selected articles as per the data extraction tool developed for this review.ResultsForty-eight articles, representing 19 tools, were included in the review. Ten of the tools were disease-specific; nine were disease-neutral. According to the Cohen criteria, eight measures were “well-established assessments”. The Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire was deemed the best measure of transition readiness available. The literature search included only articles published in peer-reviewed journals; measures nearing completion or awaiting publication were not included. In addition, only English manuscripts were included, many from North America.ConclusionsDespite national practice guidelines and ongoing policy development, there is slow movement towards achieving a gold standard or best-practice measure of transition readiness.
Temporal probing of excitons in organic semiconductors
Authors: Roy Palas , Dasgupta Jyotishman 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Photoinduced charge generation forms the physical basis for energy conversion in organic photovoltaic (OPV) technology. The fundamental initial steps involved are absorption of light by organic semiconductors (generally π-conjugated polymers) to generate photoexcited states (Frenkel excitons) followed by charge transfer and charge separation processes in presence of suitable acceptor. The absorbed photon energy must be utilized completely for achieving maximum device efficiency. However progressive relaxation losses of instantaneously generated high-energy or hot-excited states form major bottleneck for maximum derivable voltage. This efficiency limiting factor has been challenged recently by the role of hot-carriers in efficient generation of charges. Therefore tailoring the dissociation of hot-exciton to be temporally faster than all relaxation processes could minimize the energy loss pathways. Implementation of this concept of hot-carrier photovoltaics demands critical understanding of molecular parameters that circumvent all energy relaxation processes and favor hot-carrier generation. In my dissertation work, I have examined the fate of photo-generated excitons in the context of polymer backbone and morphology, and therefore obtain a fundamental structure-function correlation in organic semiconductors.
Maximizing the external radiative efficiency of hybrid perovskite solar cells
Authors: deQuilettes Dane W. , Laitz Madeleine , Brenes Roberto , Dou Benjia , Motes Brandon T. , Stranks Samuel D. , Snaith Henry J. , Bulović Vladimir , Ginger David S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Despite rapid advancements in power conversion efficiency in the last decade, perovskite solar cells still perform below their thermodynamic efficiency limits. Non-radiative recombination, in particular, has limited the external radiative efficiency and open circuit voltage in the highest performing devices. We review the historical progress in enhancing perovskite external radiative efficiency and determine key strategies for reaching high optoelectronic quality. Specifically, we focus on non-radiative recombination within the perovskite layer and highlight novel approaches to reduce energy losses at interfaces and through parasitic absorption. By strategically targeting defects, it is likely that the next set of record-performing devices with ultra-low voltage losses will be achieved.
Novel selective anticancer agents based on Sn and Au complexes. Mini-review
Authors: Milaeva Elena R. , Shpakovsky Dmitry B. , Gracheva Yulia A. , Antonenko Taisiya A. , Ksenofontova Tatyana D. , Nikitin Evgeny A. , Berseneva Daria A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death in modern medicine. Molecular design of novel substances with pharmacological activity is one of the goals of medicinal inorganic chemistry. Platinum complexes are widely used in the treatment of cancer, despite high efficacy their use is limited by side effects, as well as primary or acquired resistance. In this regard, the search for novel metal-containing antitumor compounds is underway. Organotins and gold compounds are promising pharmacological agents with anti-cancer properties. The introduction of protective antioxidant fragments into inorganic compounds molecules is a way to reduce the side effects of anti-cancer drugs on healthy cells. 2,6-dialkylphenols belonging to vitamin E (α-tocopherol) mimetics are widely used as antioxidants and stabilizers. The properties of Ph3SnCl (Sn-I), Ph3PAuCl (Au-I) and complexes Ph3SnSR (Sn-II) and Ph3PAuSR (Au-II) based on 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-mercaptophenol (RSH) as radical scavengers and reducing agents were studied in model reactions. For Sn-II and Au-II the comparative study of cytotoxic action was made and the IC50 values on different cancer cell lines were found to be depended on the nature of metal. In general, Sn(IV) complexes possessed higher cytotoxicity than Au(I) complexes. In order to clarify the mechanism of cytotoxic mode of action the effect of compounds on Fe3+-induced lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial potential and mitochondrial permeability, cell cycle and induction of apoptosis was studied. Organotin compounds can bind tubulin SH-groups and inhibit its polymerization by a dose-dependent mechanism, whereas gold compounds inhibit Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). In vivo experiments on acute toxicity of Sn-II and Au-II proved their moderate toxic action that opens prospects for the further study as antitumor agents.
Using computational chemistry to explore experimental solvent parameters – solvent basicity, acidity and polarity/polarizability
Authors: Waghorne W. Earle 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Solvent basicity and polarity/polarizability parameters are analysed using molecular properties of solvents derived from computational chemistry. The results show that Kamlet and Taft’s measure of hydrogen bond basicity, β, is essentially identical to Gutmann’s donor number, a measure of Lewis basicity, both being determined by the charge on the most negative atom of the solvent molecule and the energy of the electron donor orbital. It is also found that, for both parameters, the calculated values for alcohols and N–H containing bases deviate systematically from those for aprotic solvents. This mirrors Kamlet and Taft’s earlier observation that different solvatochromic probes yield different β values in amphiprotic solvents. Reichardt’s E
T (30) and Kamlet, Abboud and Taft’s π
* both show direct dependences on the dipole moments and quadrupolar amplitudes of the solvent molecules and, surprisingly, an inverse dependence on the molecular polarizability. Additionally, E
T (30) has a strong dependence on the charge on the most positive hydrogen atom of the solvent molecule, reflecting its sensitivity to hydrogen bonding. Unexpectedly, π
* shows a dependence on the energy of the electron donor orbital. Kammet and Taaft’s hydrogen bond acidity parameter, α, is discussed in light of the results for π
* and E
T (30).
Free energy profile of permeation of Entecavir through Hepatitis B virus capsid studied by molecular dynamics calculation
Authors: Fujimoto Kazushi , Fukai Motohiro , Urano Ryo , Shinoda Wataru , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Omagari Katsumi , Tanaka Yasuhito , Nakagawa Atsushi , Okazaki Susumu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Entecavir, triphosphorylated in liver cells, is an antiviral reagent against Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The reagent inhibits reverse transcription of RNA inside the virus capsid. In the present study, free energy profile of an Entecavir triphosphate (ETVTP) molecule has been calculated when it passes through pores of the capsid along two- and three-fold rotational symmetry axes in order to investigate permeation pathway of the reagent to the inside of the capsid. The calculations have been done based on thermodynamic integration (TI) method combined with all-atomistic molecular dynamic (MD) calculations. A free energy minimum of −19 kJ/mol was found at the entrance of the pore from the outside along the three-fold symmetry axis. This stabilization is from the interaction of negatively charged ETVTP with positively charged capsid methionine residues. This excess free energy concentrates of the reagent at the entrance of the pore by a factor of about 2000. A free energy barrier of approximately 13 kJ/mol was also found near the exit of the pore to the inside of the capsid due to narrow space of the pore surrounded by hydrophobic wall made by proline residues and negatively charged wall by aspartic acid residues. There, ETVTP is partially dehydrated in order to pass through the narrow space, which causes the great free energy loss. Further, the negatively charged residues produce repulsive forces on the ETVTP molecule. In contrast, in the case of the pore along the two-fold symmetry axis, the calculated free energy profile showed shallower free energy minimum, −4 kJ/mol at the entrance in spite of the similarly high barrier, 7 kJ/mol, near the exit of the pore.
Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2: Hypotheses of Impact on the Circulatory System, Prospects for the Use of Perfluorocarbon Emulsion, and Feasibility of Biophysical Research Methods
Authors: Moroz V. V. , Chernysh A. M. , Kozlova Elena K. 
Published: May 2020

This paper highlights published hypotheses on the possibility of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 entry into the bloodstream, its interaction with vascular endothelium, red blood cells, hemoglobin and its fragments. As a result of such interaction, iron ions may be released into the bloodstream and, subsequently, a cytokine storm may occur. In this context, it is important to find a cytoprotective agent capable of blocking such processes. The perfluorocarbon emulsion could be a candidate for this role.The aim of the paper is to show the feasibility of biophysical methods to study the molecular mechanisms of action of SARS-CoV-2 on human red blood cells and hemoglobin as well as the restorative and cytoprotective effect of the perfluorocarbon emulsion during Fe2+ oxidation in heme.Materials and methods. High resolution spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, atomic force spectroscopy, electroporation were used. Blood was exposed to oxidizing agents of different nature. Perfluorocarbon emulsion was added in various concentrations and its effect at various incubation times was studied. Concentration of hemoglobin derivatives was calculated considering multicollinearity, and statistical analysis of the results was performed.Results. The perfluorocarbon emulsion was shown to have an effective restorative and cytoprotective action in iron ion oxidation in the heme: Fe3+ was restored to Fe2+. The degree of MetHb reduction to HbO2 and Hb depended on the concentration of the oxidizing agent and incubation time. We observed a change in MetHb content from 80-90% to 5-12%. The perfluorocarbon emulsion in clinical concentrations helped eliminate local membrane defects and restored normal erythrocyte morphology.Conclusion. In the light of the studied hypotheses, the use of perfluorocarbon emulsion can become an effective method for blocking the consequences of coronavirus effect on the blood cells and restoring a normal gas exchange.
On the rate of convergence of Lp norms in the CLT for Poisson random sum
Authors: Sunklodas Jonas Kazys 
Published: May 2020

In the paper, we present the upper bound of Lp norm \deltaλ,p of the order λ-δ/2 for all 1 \leq p \leq ∞, in the central limit theorem for a standardized random sum (SNλ - ESNλ)/DSNλ , where SNλ = X1 + ··· + XNλ is the random sum of independent identically distributed random variables X, X1, X2, . . . with β2+δ = E|X|2+δ < ∞ where 0 < δ \leq 1, Nλ is a random variable distributed by the Poisson distribution with the parameter λ > 0, and Nλ is independent of X1, X2, . . ..
Peran Ekonomi dan Keuangan Sosial Islam saat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Iskandar Azwar , Possumah Bayu Taufiq , Aqbar Khaerul 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memamparkan beberapa solusi kebijakan ekonomi dan keuangan Islam yang dapat ditawarkan dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik content analysis (analisis isi) dan riset kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di antara solusi yang dapat ditawarkan dalam kerangka konsep dan sistem Ekonomi dan Keuangan Sosial Islam adalah: (1) dengan penyaluran bantuan langsung tunai yang berasal dari zakat, infak dan sedekah; (2) dengan penguatan wakaf baik berupa wakaf uang, wakaf produktif, waqf linked sukuk maupun wakaf untuk infrastruktur; (3) melalui bantuan modal usaha unggulan untuk sektor usaha atau Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM); (4) melalui skema qardhul hasan; (5) peningkatan literasi ekonomi dan keuangan syariah; (6) melalui pengembangan teknologi finansial syariah.
Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) dan Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah
Authors: Nasruddin Rindam , Haq Islamul 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe covid-19 made Indonesian people worried because many people were affected by the transmission of the virus. Because the government adopted the Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policy as a step to reduce or break the Covid-19 distribution chain. This research is a qualitative study using empirical literature. This research was conducted by examining data consisting of documents related to research, as well as seeing, listening to, as well as understanding social conversations in the community. The results of the study stated that there are provisions of this PSBB, which can be obeyed by the Indonesian people because as we know about Corona Virus (Covid-19) this is a real threat and cannot be reversed. However, the people whose livelihoods are officially informally are asking for ways to fulfill their daily needs. It would be nice if the government considers the lives of lower class people who are trying to meet basic needs and ensure the availability of goods and people who are able to provide them.Keyword: Epidemic, PSBB, covid -19Abstrak Wabah covid-19 membuat masyarakat Indonesia khawatir karena banyaknya warga yang terdampak penularan virus tersebut. Oleh karenanya pemerintah mengambil kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) sebagai langkah untuk mengurangi atau memutuskan rantai penyebaran Covid-19. Secara metodologis, penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur empiris. Pendekatan dilakuan dengan cara menelusuri data-data berupa dokumen yang terkait dengan penelitian, serta melihat, mendengar, sekaligus memahami gejala sosial yang ada di masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa dengan adanya peraturan PSBB ini, bisa ditaati oleh masyarakat Indonesia karena seperti yang kita ketahui bahwa ancaman Virus Corona (Covid-19) ini merupakan ancaman yang benar-benar nyata dan tidak memandang kalangan bawah hingga kalangan atas sekalipun. Namun, masyarakat yang mata pencahariannya disektor informal merasa kebingungan bagaimana cara untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup sehari-hari. Alangkah baiknya jika pemerintah memikirkan kehidupan masyarakat kelas bawah yang kesusahan untuk memenuhui kebutuhan hidupnya serta menjamin bahwa barang tersedia dan masyarakat mampu mengaksesnya.Kata Kunci : wabah, PSBB, covid -19
Temerini mozaik – absztrakt
Authors: . . 
Published: May 2020

A délszláv háborút követő szerbiai migrációs folyamatok helyi hatásainak vizsgálatához Temerin optimális és megkerülhetetlen kutatási terepnek kínálkozott. A háború nyomán az Újvidék közelében fekvő húszezer lakosú településen közel hatezer boszniai és horvátországi szerb menekült telepedett le. Ennek következtében a korábban többséget alkotó magyar közösség, amelynek lélekszámát az elvándorlás és elöregedés apasztja, kisebbségbe került. A többségi pozícióba került szerb közösség azonban nem tekinthető egységesnek: törésvonalak húzódnak a település őshonosnak tekintett és újonnan érkezett lakói között, melyek gyakran felülírják az etnikai csoporthatárokat is. A helyi etnikai és hatalmi viszonyok rövid idő alatt jelentős változáson mentek keresztül, mely kiélezett és gyakran fizikai erőszakba torkolló konfliktushelyzetet teremtett szerbek és magyarok, az őshonos lakosság és az újonnan betelepülők között.
A kötet soron következő négy tanulmánya Temerinben végzett kutatásaink eredményeibe kínál betekintést. Nagy Imre és Tátrai Patrik cikke bemutatja, hogy a migráció alapvető fontosságú Temerin történetében. Az 1990-es évek vége óta zajló betelepülés azonban döntően formálta át nemcsak az etnikai összetételt, hanem a helyi hatalmi viszonyokban is jelentős elmozdulást okozott, ezzel hozzájárulva a társadalmi feszültségek magas szintjéhez. Dušan Ristić, Nagy Imre és Saša Kicošev interjús kutatás alapján azt vizsgálja, mit jelent az identitás, otthon és haza a Temerinben élő horvátországi és boszniai menekültek számára. Az utolsó két írás a Temerinben élő magyar és szerb fiatalokra mint az etnikai incidensekben leginkább érintett csoportra fókuszál. Dušan Ristić, Nagy Imre és Saša Kicošev a temerini Lukijan Mušicki Középiskola szerb és magyar tanulói körében végzett kérdőíves vizsgálatot annak felmérésére, hogy milyen szerepet játszik Temerin az iskolások identitáskonstrukciójában, mi jellemzi helyi identitásukat. Erőss Ágnes és Váradi Monika Mária tanulmánya egyrészt temerini magyarokkal készített interjúk, másrészt helyi tizenévesek mentális térképeinek elemzésével a települési szomszédsági viszonyok átalakulását és az erőszak különböző megjelenítési formáit kívánja bemutatni.