bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A complex junction recognition method based on GoogLeNet model
Authors: Li Chengming , Zhang Honggang , Wu Pengda , Yin Yong , Liu Sichao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractComplex junctions are typical microstructures in large‐scale road networks with intricate structures and varied morphologies. It is a challenge to identify junctions in map generalization and car navigation tasks accurately. Generally, traditional recognition methods rely on low‐level characteristics of manual design, such as parallelism and symmetry. In recent years, preliminary studies using deep learning‐based recognition methods were conducted. However, only a few junction types can be recognized by existing methods, and these methods cannot effectively identify junctions with irregular shapes and numerous interference sections. Hence, this article proposes a complex junction recognition method based on the GoogLeNet model. First, the Delaunay triangulation clustering algorithm was used to automatically identify the center point and spatial range of training samples for complex junctions. Second, vector training samples were selected from OpenStreetMap (OSM) data of 39 cities across China, and the samples were then augmented through simplification, rotation, and mirroring. Finally, the vector sample data were transformed into raster images, and the GoogLeNet model was trained to learn the high‐level fuzzy characteristics. Experiments based on OSM data from Tianjin city, China, revealed that compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods, the proposed method effectively identified more types of complex junctions and achieved a significantly higher identification accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed method has strong generalizability and anti‐interference capability.
A chromosome‐scale reference genome of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) provides insights into disease resistance, cold tolerance and genome evolution in Citrus
Authors: Peng Ze , Bredeson Jessen V. , Wu Guohong A. , Shu Shengqiang , Rawat Nidhi , Du Dongliang , Parajuli Saroj , Yu Qibin , You Qian , Rokhsar Daniel S. , Gmitter Frederick G. , Deng Zhanao 
Published: September 2020

SUMMARYTrifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata), a deciduous close relative of evergreen Citrus, has important traits for citrus production, including tolerance/resistance to citrus greening disease (Huanglongbing, HLB) and other major diseases, and cold tolerance. It has been one of the most important rootstocks, and one of the most valuable sources of resistance and tolerance genes for citrus. Here we present a high‐quality, chromosome‐scale genome assembly of P. trifoliata. The 264.9‐Mb assembly contains nine chromosomal pseudomolecules with 25 538 protein‐coding genes, covering 97.2% of the estimated gene space. Comparative analyses of P. trifoliata and nine Citrus genomes revealed 605 species‐specific genes and six rapidly evolving gene families in the P. trifoliata genome. Poncirus trifoliata has evolved specific adaptation in the C‐repeat/DREB binding factor (CBF)‐dependent and CBF‐independent cold signaling pathways to tolerate cold. We identified candidate genes within quantitative trait loci for HLB tolerance, and at the loci for resistance to citrus tristeza virus and citrus nematode. Genetic diversity analysis of Poncirus accessions and Poncirus/Citrus hybrids shows a narrow genetic base in the US germplasm collection, and points to the importance of collecting and preserving more natural genetic variation. Two phenotypically divergent Poncirus accessions are found to be clonally related, supporting a previous conjecture that dwarf Flying Dragon originated as a mutant of a non‐dwarfing type. The high‐quality genome reveals features and evolutionary insights of Poncirus, and it will serve as a valuable resource for genetic, genomic and molecular research and manipulation in citrus.
CORS (CROM20): A new high‐prevalence antigen in the Cromer blood group system
Authors: Vrignaud Cédric , Chiaroni Jacques , Durieux‐Roussel Elisabeth , Le Van Kim Caroline , Azouzi Slim , Peyrard Thierry 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Cromer blood group system consists of 19 antigens (16 of high prevalence and 3 of low prevalence). This study describes the identification and characterization of a new Cromer high‐prevalence antigen, named CORS. The CORS‐negative proband carries a c.713G>A substitution in the CD55 gene, resulting in the substitution of glycine 238 into a glutamic acid (p.Gly238Glu).
A Delphi study to establish consensus on a definition of major bleeding in adult trauma
Authors: Wong Henna S. , Curry Nicola S. , Davenport Ross A. , Yu Ly‐Mee , Stanworth Simon J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe majority of potentially preventable deaths in trauma are due to uncontrolled hemorrhage and occur early after injury. How major bleeding is defined is integral to early identification and treatment of this group of high‐risk patients. However, there is no consensus on a definition of major bleeding in trauma. The aim of this Delphi study was to develop a consensus definition for research, with transfusion used as a surrogate marker of bleeding.Study Design and MethodsTrauma experts from three international groups were invited to take part in an online Delphi survey. Over the course of four rounds, the group developed a number of definitions of major bleeding and reached consensus on a new definition.ResultsForty‐four trauma experts agreed to become members of the Delphi panel, and 30 of 44 (68%) completed all four rounds. The panel agreed to exclude the historical massive transfusion definition (≥10 units of red blood cells within 24 hours). Consensus was reached on a new definition for use in clinical research: 4 or more units of any blood component within 2 hours of injury.ConclusionThis Delphi process has yielded a pragmatic transfusion‐based definition of major bleeding. The consensus definition differs from historical definitions: a shorter time frame to reflect the acuity of bleeding, and multiple blood components in keeping with a balanced approach to resuscitation. The definition developed may be best suited to mature trauma systems (reflecting the demographics of the expert panel), and could be used to guide registry data recording and to characterize patients at risk of major bleeding.
Pruritic eosinophilic dermatitis in Jersey cows infested with Leptotrombidium spp (Acari: Trombiculidae)
Authors: Cadiergues Marie C. , Moulin Jean P. , Lucas Marie N. , Dorchies Philippe , Schelcher François 
Published: September 2020

RésuméLa dermatite éosinophilique a été observée dans des échantillons cutanés prélevés sur des vaches Jersey à la mi‐octobre dans le sud‐est de la France. La réponse inflammatoire a été considérée comme résultant de piqures de Trombiculidae. Les signes cliniques ont été considérés comme étant en partie dus à des auto‐traumatismes et comprenaient une alopécie en patch avec papules croûteuses ; les lésions ont été observées sur les mâchoires, les fanons, le périnée et les extrémités distales des membres. Les parasites identifiés étaient des larves de Leptotrombidium spp. Les lésions se sont résolues en totalité spontanément en décembre.
Non‐phthalate plasticizer DEHT preserves adequate blood component quality during storage in PVC blood bags
Authors: Larsson Linda , Sandgren Per , Ohlsson Sara , Derving Julia , Friis‐Christensen Tove , Daggert Felicia , Frizi Naïma , Reichenberg Stefan , Chatellier Sonia , Diedrich Beatrice , Antovic Jovan , Larsson Stella , Uhlin Michael 
Published: September 2020

Background and objectivesCommercial blood bags are predominantly made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plasticized with di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). DEHP is favourable for storage of red blood cells (RBC). Historically, removal of DEHP from blood bags has been linked to unacceptable haemolysis levels. Oncoming regulatory restrictions for DEHP due to toxicity concerns increase the urgency to replace DEHP without compromising RBC quality. Di(2‐ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT) is one suggested substitute. The aim of this study was to compare PVC‐DEHT to PVC‐DEHP blood bags using additive solutions saline–adenine–glucose–mannitol (SAGM) and phosphate–adenine–glucose–guanosine–saline–mannitol (PAGGSM), to determine whether DEHT can maintain acceptable component quality.Materials and methodsRBC concentrates (N = 64), platelet concentrates (N = 16) and fresh frozen plasma (N = 32) were produced from whole blood collected into either DEHT or DEHP plasticized systems. Using a pool‐and‐split study design, pairs of identical RBC content were created within each plasticizer arm and assigned either SAGM or PAGGSM. Storage effects were assessed weekly for 49 days (RBC), 7 days (platelets) and before/after freezing (plasma).ResultsThough haemolysis was slightly higher in DEHT, all study arms remained below half of the European limit 0·8%. K+ was lower in DEHT than in DEHP independent of additive solution. The metabolic parameters were not influenced by choice of plasticizer. Platelet activation/metabolism and plasma content were similarly preserved.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that the plasticizer DEHT provides adequate blood component quality. We propose DEHT as a strong future candidate for replacement of DEHP in blood bags.
Computational Analysis of an Optimized Curved-Bladed Small-Scale Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine
Authors: Abdelsalam Ali M. , El-Askary W. A. , Kotb M. A. , Sakr I. M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article aims to study numerically the effect of curvature of linear blade profile on the performance of small-scale horizontal axis wind turbine (SSHAWT). Rotors with two curvature types, f forward angles 5 deg, 10 deg, 15 deg, 20 deg, 30 deg, and 45 deg and backward angles −5 deg, −10 deg, and −15 deg, are investigated. Furthermore, three curvature positions of r/R = 0.8, 0.9, and 0.95 are studied. The numerical simulations are performed on rotors of radius 0.5 m at different wind speeds. The results are compared with straight rotor of linear profiles of chord and twist, which is considered as base rotor. It is found that the rotor with forward curvature of 5 deg and r/R = 0.9 has the highest power coefficient compared with the other rotors. At the peak performance, the proposed rotor reduces the axial thrust by about 12.5% compared with the base rotor. The flow behavior represented by the streamlines contours is also discussed. In such case, the separation approximately disappeared for the tip speed ratios of 5 and 6, which is responsible for the performance peak.
Evaluation of Secure Mobile and Clinical Communication Solution (SMaCCS) across acute and community practice settings
Authors: Spina Sean P , Atwood Kristin M , Loewen Peter 
Published: September 2020

Aims
Clinicians struggle to provide information to each other that supports safe patient transitions, especially across acute and community care jurisdictions. They need flexible communication tools to improve care coordination. Island Health introduced a Secure Mobile and Clinical Communication Solution (SMaCCS) to address these challenges in 2018. In this study we evaluated the SMaCCS system to understand the (1) volume and flow of healthcare communication, (2) degree of adoption and accessibility of the system and (3) user experience.

Methods
This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. Island Health Information Management/Information Technology (IMIT) selected Vocera Collaboration Suite as the secure messaging platform. We invited healthcare providers in various roles in the hospital and community to use SMaCCS for their daily communications and system and survey data were collected between February and August 2018. System data and survey data were used to determine outcomes.

Results
A Sankey diagram represents the volume and flow of communication. A total of 2542 messages were sent and 79% of conversations included more than a single message. Eighty-one per cent of participants agreed that using a secure communication tool made them feel more comfortable sharing patient information. Most users (65%) perceived that the application was a useful method for transmitting simple information.

Conclusion
However, our study showed that different occupational roles require different frequencies and volumes of communication and there are numerous barriers to adoption that must be addressed before secure messaging can be an effective, ubiquitous method of clinical communication.
Faecal immunochemical test after negative colonoscopy may reduce the risk of incident colorectal cancer in a population-based screening programme
Authors: Peng Szu-Min , Hsu Wen-Feng , Wang Ying-Wei , Lin Li-Ju , Yen Amy Ming-Fang , Chen Li-Sheng , Lee Yi-Chia , Wu Ming-Shiang , Chen Tony Hsiu-Hsi , Chiu Han-Mo 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveSubjects with a positive faecal immunochemical test (FIT) have a much higher likelihood of advanced neoplasms than the general population. Whether FIT-positive subjects with negative colonoscopy should receive subsequent FIT screening remain unclear.DesignSubjects with a negative colonoscopy after positive FIT in the first screening in the Taiwanese Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening Program 2004–2009 were followed until the end of 2014. CRC incidence was compared between those who did and did not receive subsequent FIT screening. Cox regression analysis was conducted, adjusting for major confounders to investigate whether subsequent FIT was associated with lower risk of incident CRC.ResultsThe study cohort was comprised of 9179 subjects who had negative diagnostic colonoscopy after positive FIT in 2004–2009, of whom 6195 received subsequent FIT during the study period. The CRC incidence (per 1000 person years) was 1.34 in those who received subsequent FIT and 2.69 in those who did not, with corresponding adjusted HR (aHR) of 0.47 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.71). Lower adenoma detection rate of diagnostic colonoscopy was associated with higher risk of incident CRC but became non-significant in multivariable analysis after adjustment for subsequent FIT. Higher baseline faecal haemoglobin concentration (FHbC, μg haemoglobin/g faeces) was associated with increased risk of incident CRC (reference: FHbC=20–39; aHR=1.93 (1.04–3.56), 0.95 (0.45–2.00), 2.26 (1.16–4.43) and 2.44 (1.44–4.12) for FHbC=40–59, 60–99, 100–149 and ≥150, respectively).ConclusionSubsequent FIT should be scheduled after negative colonoscopy to detect missed neoplasms and reduce the risk of incident CRC in a national FIT screening programme.
Endovascular thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke patients with COVID-19: prevalence, demographics, and outcomes
Authors: de Havenon Adam , Yaghi Shadi , Mistry Eva A , Delic Alen , Hohmann Samuel , Shippey Ernie , Stulberg Eric , Tirschwell David , Frontera Jennifer A , Petersen Nils H , Anadani Mohammad 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundWe aimed to compare the outcome of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients who received endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) with confirmed COVID-19 to those without.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis using the Vizient Clinical Data Base and included hospital discharges from April 1 to July 31 2020 with ICD-10 codes for AIS and EVT. The primary outcome was in-hospital death and the secondary outcome was favorable discharge, defined as discharge home or to acute rehabilitation. We compared patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 to those without. As a sensitivity analysis, we compared COVID-19 AIS patients who did not undergo EVT to those who did, to balance potential adverse events inherent to COVID-19 infection.ResultsWe identified 3165 AIS patients who received EVT during April to July 2020, in which COVID-19 was confirmed in 104 (3.3%). Comorbid COVID-19 infection was associated with younger age, male sex, diabetes, black race, Hispanic ethnicity, intubation, acute coronary syndrome, acute renal failure, and longer hospital and intensive care unit length of stay. The rate of in-hospital death was 12.4% without COVID-19 vs 29.8% with COVID-19 (P<0.001). In mixed-effects logistic regression that accounted for patient clustering by hospital, comorbid COVID-19 increased the odds of in-hospital death over four-fold (OR 4.48, 95% CI 3.02 to 6.165). Comorbid COVID-19 was also associated with lower odds of a favorable discharge (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.61). In the sensitivity analysis, comparing AIS patients with COVID-19 who did not undergo EVT (n=2139) to the AIS EVT patients with COVID-19, there was no difference in the rate of in-hospital death (30.6% vs 29.8%, P=0.868), and AIS EVT patients had a higher rate of favorable discharge (32.4% vs 47.1%, P=0.002).ConclusionIn AIS patients treated with EVT, comorbid COVID-19 infection was associated with in-hospital death and a lower odds of favorable discharge compared with patients without COVID-19, but not compared with AIS patients with COVID-19 who did not undergo EVT. AIS EVT patients with COVID-19 were younger, more likely to be male, have systemic complications, and almost twice as likely to be black and over three times as likely to be Hispanic.
Exploring sizable triple Higgs couplings in the 2HDM
Authors: Arco F. , Heinemeyer S. , Herrero M. J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn important task at future colliders is the measurement of the triple Higgs coupling. Depending on its size relative to the Standard Model (SM) value, certain collider options result in a higher experimental accuracy. Within the framework of Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDM) types I and II we investigate the allowed ranges for all triple Higgs couplings involving at least one light, SM-like Higgs boson. We take into account theoretical constraints (unitarity, stability), experimental constraints from direct Higgs-boson searches, measurements of the SM-like Higgs-boson properties, flavor observables and electroweak precision data. We find that the SM-type triple Higgs coupling w.r.t. its SM value, $$\lambda _{hhh}/\lambda _{\mathrm {SM}}$$

λ

hhh

/

λ
SM

, can range between $$\sim -0.5$$

∼
-
0.5

and $$\sim 1.5$$

∼
1.5

. Depending on which value is realized, the HL-LHC can compete with, or is clearly inferior to the ILC. We find the coupling $$\lambda _{hhH}$$

λ

hhH

between $$\sim -1.5$$

∼
-
1.5

and $$\sim 1.5$$

∼
1.5

. Triple Higgs couplings involving two heavy Higgs bosons, $$\lambda _{hHH}$$

λ

hHH

, $$\lambda _{hAA}$$

λ

hAA

and $$\lambda _{hH^+H^-}$$

λ

h

H
+

H
-

can reach values up to $${{\mathcal {O}}}(10)$$

O
(
10
)

, roughly independent of the 2HDM type. This can lead to potentially strongly enhanced production of two Higgs-bosons at the HL-LHC or high-energy $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

colliders.
Responsible mining and responsible sourcing of minerals: opportunities and challenges for cooperation across value chains
Authors: Bilham Nic T. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Responsible mining companies, manufacturers and other mineral value chain actors and stakeholders have a common interest in ensuring that the negative social, economic and environmental impacts of mining are minimized, that its benefits are maximized and shared equitably, and that good practice is recognized and encouraged by industrial users of minerals, investors and consumers. Joining up their respective efforts across long, complex and opaque supply chains is a significant challenge, which may be hampered by misalignment between different actors’ sustainability objectives and motivations. Discussions at two workshops convened by the Geological Society of London explored how barriers to progress might be addressed. These are reported and analysed in the context of several relevant bodies of literature. While assurance schemes and novel technologies can play a significant role in addressing these challenges, it is also vital to mobilize consumers’ awareness of the mineral resources they use, work in partnership with communities affected by mining, urge policy-makers to take greater responsibility, and develop a shared vision of what a sustainable global system of mineral production and consumption should look like. Such a holistic perspective is necessary to avoid well-intentioned but fragmented approaches resulting in harmful unintended consequences, and in some aspects of sustainability being overlooked.
Ethical considerations in managing the hydrosphere: an overview of water ethics
Authors: Groenfeldt David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Water has a unique importance as the basis of life, and the ethical ramifications of managing water are correspondingly complex. Values about water constitute the building blocks for ethical guidance. Modern interest in developing a practical field of water ethics began with a UNESCO initiative (1998–2004) that analysed best ethical practice in various water sectors (e.g. irrigation, domestic water supply, ecosystem health, etc.). A complementary approach has been to focus on particular normative values borrowed from the field of Human Rights such as integrity, justice and solidarity. A water ethics framework helps to integrate diverse and sometimes conflicting values through rendering the values about water visible and creating ethical space for dialogue and mediation. There is growing interest in approaching water policy decisions on the basis of normative values that can be diverse and mutually supportive. The widespread acceptance of agroecology as an alternative to mono-crop industrial farming, and corporate support for water stewardship initiatives, illustrate a societal turn towards valuing a broader range of spiritual, environmental and social benefits of water. We are undergoing a transformation in how we perceive the water around us. The need for clarifying the ethical foundations of water management decisions has never been greater.