bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting in haemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Hachiro Kohei , Kinoshita Takeshi , Suzuki Tomoaki , Asai Tohru 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
To compare postoperative outcomes in patients with diabetic nephropathy receiving haemodialysis and undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using bilateral or single skeletonized internal thoracic artery (ITA).

METHODS
Among 1441 consecutive patients undergoing isolated CABG between 2002 and 2019 at our university hospital, we retrospectively analysed data for 107 patients with diabetic nephropathy receiving haemodialysis. After inverse probability of treatment weighting, we found no statistically significant differences regarding patients’ preoperative characteristics.

RESULTS
All patients underwent myocardial revascularization using the off-pump technique. There was no statistical significance in postoperative deep sternal wound infection (P = 0.902) and 30-day mortality (P = 0.755). However, the bilateral ITA group had a lower rate of postoperative stroke versus the single group (0% vs 5.5%, respectively; P = 0.021). Follow-up was completed in 95.3% (102/107) of the patients, and the mean follow-up duration was 3.3 years. Thirty-eight deaths occurred in the bilateral ITA group and 18 in the single ITA group. There was no significant difference in all-cause death (P = 0.558) and cardiac death rates (P = 0.727). Multivariable Cox regression models showed that the independent predictors of all-cause death were age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.031; P = 0.010], previous percutaneous intervention (HR 1.757; P = 0.009) and gastroepiploic artery grafting (HR 0.582; P = 0.026).

CONCLUSIONS
Bilateral ITA grafting in patients with diabetic nephropathy receiving haemodialysis did not improve mid-term outcomes.
Cardiac anatomy in the ‘Dreyfus Madonna’ by Leonardo da Vinci
Authors: Keshelava Grigol 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Leonardo’s findings on the anatomy and physiology of the heart, preserved in his private sketches and notes, reveal a remarkable period of transition in the early history of cardiology. The object of this research is a ‘Dreyfus Madonna’. Through the programme Paint X, we moved 1 detail (blue marked) in the direction of the green arrow and we get an image of the heart with branches of the aortic arch. If we compare the image of the heart obtained by us with the anatomical sketch of Leonardo (RL 19073-74v; K/P 1 66v), we will see a sharp resemblance to the branches of the aortic arch.
Administration of Exogenous Progesterone Protects Against Brucella abortus Infection–Induced Inflammation in Pregnant Mice
Authors: Ren Jingjing , Hou Huanhuan , Zhao Weizheng , Wang Jun , Peng Qisheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Progesterone has been recognized as essential for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy, and is typically known as an immunosuppressive agent. However, its effects on mediating Brucella infection–induced inflammation have not been evaluated. Here we demonstrated that Brucella abortus infection inhibits progesterone levels in the pregnant mouse by suppressing the production of progesterone by placenta. Progesterone treatment significantly reduced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in serum, macrophages, and trophoblasts of B. abortus–infected mice, leading to decreased placentitis and enhancing the pup viability. Mechanistically, this decreased inflammatory response results from inhibition of NF-kB activation by progesterone. Moreover, progesterone treatment suppresses B. abortus growth within trophoblasts associated with an inability of bacteria to escape the late endosome compartment in vitro. Collectively, our data illustrate that progesterone treatment might be useful therapeutically in protection against placentitis or abortion caused by B. abortus infection.
Ergot alkaloids reduce circulating serotonin in the bovine
Authors: Valente Eriton E L , Klotz James L , Ahn Gyuchul , McLeod Kyle R , Herzing Hannah M , King Mindy , Harmon David L 
Published: November 2020

AbstractErgot alkaloids can interact with several serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) receptors provoking many physiological responses. However, it is unknown whether ergot alkaloid consumption influences 5-HT or its metabolites. Thus, two experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of ergot alkaloid feeding on 5-HT metabolism. In exp. 1, 12 Holstein steers (260 ± 3 kg body weight [BW]) were used in a completely randomized design. The treatments were the dietary concentration of ergovaline: 0, 0.862, and 1.282 mg/kg of diet. The steers were fed ad libitum, kept in light and temperature cycles mimicking the summer, and had blood sampled before and 15 d after receiving the treatments. The consumption of ergot alkaloids provoked a linear decrease (P = 0.004) in serum 5-HT. However, serum 5-hydroxytryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid did not change (P &gt; 0.05) between treatments. In exp. 2, four ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (318 ± 3 kg BW) were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to examine the difference between seed sources on 5-HT metabolism. Treatments were: control—tall fescue seeds free of ergovaline, KY 32 seeds (L42-16-2K32); 5Way—endophyte-infected seeds, 5 way (L152-11-1739); KY31—endophyte-infected seeds, KY 31 (M164-16-SOS); and Millennium—endophyte-infected seeds, 3rd Millennium (L108-11-76). The endophyte-infected seed treatments were all adjusted to provide an ergovaline dosage of 15 μg/kg BW. The basal diet provided 1.5-fold the net energy requirement for maintenance. The seed treatments were dosed directly into the rumen before feeding. The experiment lasted 84 d and was divided into four periods. In each period, the steers received seeds for 7 d followed by a 14-d washout. Blood samples were collected on day 0 (baseline) and day 7 for evaluating the treatment response in each period. A 24 h urine collection was performed on day 7. Similar to exp. 1, serum 5-HT decreased (P = 0.008) with the consumption of all endophyte-infected seed treatments. However, there was no difference (P &gt; 0.05) between the infected seeds. The urinary excretion of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the urine was not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by the presence of ergot alkaloids. In conclusion, the consumption of ergot alkaloids decreases serum 5-HT with no difference between the source of endophyte-infected seeds in the bovine.
Determination of Ketamine and Norketamine in Hair and Evaluation of Polydrug Use in Ketamine Abusers Using Hair Analysis in Korea
Authors: Rhee Jongsook , Lee Juseon , Kim Jihyun , Jang Moonhee , Shin Ilchung , Lee Sangki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study evaluated hair samples from 28 subjects who tested positive for ketamine at Seoul Institute National Forensic Service in Korea between 2016 and 2017. Ketamine in the hair was extracted using a solution of 1% hydrochloric acid in methanol for 16 h. Extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) or liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS). The LC–MS-MS method was validated by determining the limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), linearity, intra- and inter-accuracy, precision and matrix effect. In 59 ketamine-positive hair or hair segments from 28 ketamine abusers, the ketamine concentration was found to be in the range of 0.011–335.8 ng/mg (mean, 13.6; median, 1.8), and the norketamine concentration was found to be in the range of 0.001–35.7 ng/mg (mean, 7.5; median, 0.44). The ratio of norketamine to ketamine concentrations in hair was in the range of 0.01–1.46 (mean, 0.34; median, 0.26). The distribution of ketamine concentration in hair samples was as follows: 0.01–0.1 ng/mg in 11 samples (18.6%), 0.1–5 ng/mg in 33 samples (55.9%), 5–10 ng/mg in 4 samples (6.8%), 10–15 ng/mg in 2 samples (3.4%), 15–20 ng/mg in 4 samples (6.8%), 40–45 ng/mg in 2 samples (3.4%), 45–50 ng/mg in 1 sample (1.7%) and &gt;100 ng/mg in only 2 samples (3.4%). In the hair of ketamine abusers, 26 of 28 subjects were detected simultaneously ketamine with other drugs, including methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; n = 9), methamphetamine (MA; n = 3), MDMA/MA (n = 3), MDMA/para-methoxyamphetamine (PMA; n = 3), MDMA/PMA/MA (n = 2), cocaine (n = 1) and other drugs (n = 5, propofol, zolpidem or benzodiazepines). Along with ketamine, other controlled drugs were detected in most of the hair samples: MDMA (60.7%), MA (28.6%), PMA (17.9%), zolpidem (17.9%) and propofol (14.3%) in the frequency of abuse. In conclusion, most of the ketamine abusers (92.9%) were polydrug abusers, who were concomitantly abusing other controlled substances.
Solving Highly Cyclic Distributed Optimization Problems Without Busting the Bank: A Decimation-based Approach
Authors: Cerquides Jesús , Rodríguez-Aguilar Juan Antonio , Emonet Rémi , Picard Gauthier 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the context of solving large distributed constraint optimization problems, belief-propagation and incomplete inference algorithms are candidates of choice. However, in general, when the problem structure is very cyclic, these solution methods suffer from bad performance, due to non-convergence and many exchanged messages. As to improve performances of the MaxSum inference algorithm when solving cyclic constraint optimization problems, we propose here to take inspiration from the belief-propagation-guided decimation used to solve sparse random graphs ($k$-satisfiability). We propose the novel DeciMaxSum method, which is parameterized in terms of policies to decide when to trigger decimation, which variables to decimate and which values to assign to decimated variables. Based on an empirical evaluation on a classical constraint optimization benchmarks (graph coloring, random graph and Ising model), some of these combinations of policies, using periodic decimation, cycle detection-based decimation, parallel and non parallel decimation, random or deterministic variable selection and deterministic or random sampling for value selection, outperform state-of-the-art competitors in many settings.
Radiation effects on wild medaka around Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant assessed by micronucleus assay
Authors: Maruyama Kouichi , Wang Bing , Doi Kazutaka , Ishibashi Koji , Ichikawa San’ei , Furuhata Yoshiaki , Kubota Masahide , Watanabe Yoshito 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Since the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (F1-NPP) accident in 2011, radiation effects on wildlife in the contaminated areas have been a major concern. The outskirts of the F1-NPP are mainly rural areas, where many rice fields, streams and reservoirs are located. We searched for wild medaka (small aquarium fish) around the F1-NPP and found two wild medaka habitats (S1 and S2). S1 is a stream located 4 km from the F1-NPP, where the ambient dose equivalent rate was 0.4–0.9 μSv/h (2013–14), and S2 is a reservoir located 7.5 km from the F1-NPP, where the ambient dose equivalent rate was 9.8–22 μSv/h (2013–14 and 2017–18). Dosimeters were placed for one day at the locations where the medaka were captured, and the absorbed dose rates were estimated. Radiation effects on wild medaka were examined using micronucleus assay between 2013 and 2018. No significant difference in frequency of micronucleated gill cells was observed among the wild medaka from S1, S2 and our cultivated medaka that were used as a control.
The use of radiolucent (carbon fibre-reinforced polymer) pedicle screw fixation for serial monitoring of clear cell meningioma: a case report
Authors: Ho Daniel , Phan Thanh Ha Thy , Mobbs Ralph Jasper , Reddy Rajesh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Clear cell meningioma is an uncommon variant of meningioma associated with high rates of local recurrence and metastasis. However, monitoring for local recurrence may be complicated by metal-related artefacts generated by spinal instrumentation. We present a patient with recurrent lumbar atypical clear cell meningioma, which had been resected multiple times throughout her adolescence. Due to extensive bone and ligament resection, posterior stabilization of the lumbar spine with pedicle screws was required. To ensure clear postoperative visualization of the spinal cord for local recurrence, a carbon fibre/polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) pedicle screw and rod construct was used. CF/PEEK has non-inferior biomechanical and biocompatible properties to titanium, with a clear advantage of radiolucency to assist in detecting the local recurrence early and facilitating accurate radiotherapy planning.
Risk of latent and active tuberculosis infection in travellers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Diefenbach-Elstob Tanya R , Alabdulkarim Balqis , Deb-Rinker Paromita , Pernica Jeffrey M , Schwarzer Guido , Menzies Dick , Shrier Ian , Schwartzman Kevin , Greenaway Christina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Achieving tuberculosis (TB) elimination in low TB incidence countries requires identification and treatment of individuals at risk for latent TB infection (LTBI). Persons travelling to high TB incidence countries are potentially at risk for TB exposure. This systematic review and meta-analysis estimates incident LTBI and active TB among individuals travelling from low to higher TB incidence countries.

Methods
Five electronic databases were searched from inception to 18 February 2020. We identified incident LTBI and active TB among individuals travelling from low (&lt;10 cases/100 000 population) to intermediate (10–100/100 000) or high (&gt;100/100 000) TB incidence countries. We conducted a meta-analysis and meta-regression using a random effects model of log-transformed proportions (cumulative incidence). Subgroup analyses investigated the impact of travel duration, travel purpose and TB incidence in the destination country.

Results
Our search identified 799 studies, 120 underwent full-text review, and 10 studies were included. These studies included 1 154 673 travellers observed between 1994 and 2013, comprising 443 health care workers (HCW), 1 068 636 military personnel and 85 594 general travellers/volunteers. We did not identify any studies that estimated incidence of LTBI or active TB among people travelling to visit friends and relatives (VFRs). The overall cumulative incidence of LTBI was 2.3%, with considerable heterogeneity. Among individuals travelling for a mean/median of up to 6 months, HCWs had the highest cumulative incidence of LTBI (4.3%), whereas the risk was lower for military (2.5%) and general travellers/volunteers (1.6%). Meta-regression did not identify a difference in incident LTBI based on travel duration and TB incidence in the destination country. Five studies reported cases of active TB, with an overall pooled estimate of 120.7 cases per 100 000 travellers.

Conclusions
We found that travelling HCWs were at highest risk of developing LTBI. Individual risk activities and travel purpose were most associated with risk of TB infection acquired during travel.
Low-redshift quasars in the SDSS Stripe 82 – II. Associated companion galaxies and signature of star formation
Authors: Stone M B , Bettoni D , Falomo R , Kotilainen J K , Karhunen K , Paiano S , Scarpa R 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
We present optical spectroscopy of the close companions of 22 low-redshift (z &lt; 0.5) quasars (QSO) selected from a larger sample of QSO in the SDSS Stripe82 region for which both the host galaxy and the large-scale environments have been investigated in our previous work. The new observations extend the number of QSO studied in our previous paper on close companion galaxies of 12 quasars. Our analysis here covers all 34 quasars from both this work and the previously published paper. We find that half of them (15 QSO; ∼44 per cent) have at least one associated galaxy. Many (12 galaxies; ∼67 per cent) of the associated companions exhibit [O ii] 3727 Å emission line as signature of recent star formation. The star formation rate (SFR) of these galaxies is modest (median SFR ∼ 4.3 M⊙ yr−1). For eight QSO, we are also able to detect the starlight of the host galaxy from which three have a typical spectrum of a post-starburst galaxy. Our results suggest that quasars do not have a strong influence on the star formation of their companion galaxies.
Modelling X-ray RMS spectra II: the ultrafast outflow of PDS 456
Authors: Härer L , Parker M L , Joyce A , Igo Z , Alston W N , Fürst F , Lobban A P , Matzeu G A , Reeves J N 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
We present an improved model for excess variance spectra describing ultrafast outflows and successfully apply it to the luminous ($L_{\rm bol}\sim 10^{47}\mathrm{erg}\, \mathrm{s}^{-1}$) low-redshift (z = 0.184) quasar Pico del Dias Survey (PDS) 456. The model is able to account well for the broadening of the spike-like features of these outflows in the excess variance spectrum of PDS 456, by considering two effects: a correlation between the outflow velocity and the logarithmic X-ray flux and intrinsic Doppler broadening with $v_\mathrm{int} = 10^4\, \mathrm{km}\, \mathrm{s}^{-1}$. The models were generated by calculating the fractional excess variance of count spectra from a Monte Carlo simulation. We find evidence that the outflow in PDS 456 is structured, i.e. there exist two or more layers with outflow velocities $0.27\!-\!0.30\, c$, $0.41\!-\!0.49\, c$, and $0.15\!-\!0.20\, c$ for a possible third layer, which agrees well with the literature. We discuss the prospects of generally applicable models for excess variance spectra for detecting ultrafast outflows and investigating their structure. We provide an estimate for the strength of the correlation between the outflow velocity and the logarithmic X-ray flux and investigate its validity.
Three-dimensional modelling of accretion columns: spatial asymmetry and self-consistent simulations
Authors: Gornostaev M I 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
The paper presents the results of three-dimensional (3D) modelling of the structure and the emission of accretion columns formed above the surface of accreting strongly magnetized neutron stars under the circumstances when a pressure of the photons generated in the column base is enough to determine the dynamics of the plasma flow. On the foundation of numerical radiation hydrodynamic simulations, several 3D models of accretion column are constructed. The first group of the models contains spatially 3D columns. The corresponding calculations lead to the distributions of the radiation flux over the sidewalls of the columns which are not characterized by axial symmetry. The second group includes the self-consistent modelling of spectral radiative transfer and two-dimensional spatial structure of the column, with both thermal and bulk Comptonization taken into account. The changes in the structure of the column and the shape of X-ray continuum are investigated depending on physical parameters of the model.
Plasmonic evolution of atomically size-selected Au clusters by electron energy loss spectrum
Authors: Lu Siqi , Xie Lin , Lai Kang , Chen Runkun , Cao Lu , Hu Kuojuei , Wang Xuefeng , Han Jinsen , Wan Xiangang , Wan Jianguo , Dai Qing , Song Fengqi , He Jiaqing , Dai Jiayu , Chen Jianing , Wang Zhenlin , Wang Guanghou 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The plasmonic response of gold clusters with atom number (N) = 100–70 000 was investigated using scanning transmission electron microscopy-electron energy loss spectroscopy. For decreasing N, the bulk plasmon remains unchanged above N = 887 but then disappears, while the surface plasmon firstly redshifts from 2.4 to 2.3 eV above N = 887 before blueshifting towards 2.6 eV down to N = 300, and finally splitting into three fine features. The surface plasmon's excitation ratio is found to follow N0.669, which is essentially R2. An atomically precise evolution picture of plasmon physics is thus demonstrated according to three regimes: classical plasmon (N = 887–70 000), quantum confinement corrected plasmon (N = 300–887) and molecule related plasmon (N &lt; 300).
The Resurrection of Interdisciplinary Pain Rehabilitation: Outcomes Across a Veterans Affairs Collaborative
Authors: Murphy Jennifer L , Palyo Sarah A , Schmidt Zachary S , Hollrah Lauren N , Banou Evangelia , Van Keuren Cynthia P , Strigo Irina A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective
Despite empirical support for interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programs improving functioning and quality of life, access to this treatment approach has decreased dramatically over the last 20 years within the United States but has grown significantly in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Between 2009 and 2019, VA pain rehabilitation programs accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities increased 10-fold in the VA, expanding from two to 20. The aim of this collaborative observational evaluation was to examine patient outcomes across a subset of six programs at five sites.

Methods
Outcomes were assessed using agreed-upon measures of patient-reported pain intensity, pain interference across various domains, pain catastrophizing, and sleep.

Results
A total of 931 patients enrolled in the selected VA interdisciplinary pain programs, with 84.1% of participants completing the full course of treatment. Overall, all programs showed significant improvements from pretreatment to posttreatment in nearly all patient-reported outcomes. The effect sizes ranged from medium to large. Notably, the results demonstrate that positive outcomes were typical despite differences in structure and resources across programs.

Conclusions
The adverse impacts of opioid use have highlighted the importance of chronic pain treatment approaches that emphasize team-based care focused on functional improvements. This study represents the first and largest analysis of outcomes across chronic pain rehabilitation programs and demonstrates the need for increased access to similar comprehensive approaches to pain management across the health care system. Further, it suggests that a variety of structures may be effective, encouraging flexibility in adopting this interdisciplinary approach.