bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A molecular clock controls periodically driven cell migration in confined spaces
Authors: Lee Sung Hoon , Hamidzadeh Archer , Yousafzai M. Sulaiman , Ajeti Visar , Chang Hao , Murrell Michael , Levchenko Andre 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNavigation through dense, physically confining extracellular matrix is common in invasive cell spread and tissue re-organization, but is still poorly understood. Here, we show that this migration is mediated by cyclic changes in the activity of a small GTP-ase RhoA, dependent on the oscillatory changes in the activity and abundance of the RhoA Guanine Exchange Factor, GEF-H1, triggered by a persistent increase in the intracellular Ca2+levels. We show that the molecular clock driving these cyclic changes is mediated by two coupled negative feedback loops, dependent on the microtubule dynamics, with the frequency that can be experimentally modulated based on a predictive mathematical model. We further demonstrate that an increasing frequency of the clock translates into a faster cell migration within physically confining spaces. This work lays the foundation for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms dynamically driving cell migration in complex environments.
Hsp70 chaperons TDP-43 in dynamic, liquid-like phase and prevents it from amyloid aggregation
Authors: Gu Jinge , Wang Chen , Hu Rirong , Li Yichen , Zhang Shengnan , Sun Yunpeng , Wang Qiangqiang , Li Dan , Fang Yanshan , Liu Cong 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTTAR DNA binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and forms reversible, cytoprotective nuclear bodies (NBs) in response to stress in cells. Abnormal liquid-to-solid phase transition condenses TDP-43 into irreversible pathological fibrils, which is associated with neurodegenerative disorders including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). However, the mechanisms how cells maintain the dynamics of TDP-43 NBs in stressed conditions are not well understood. Here, we show that the molecular chaperon heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is recruited into TDP-43 NBs in stressed cells. It co-phase separates with TDP-43 and delays the maturation of TDP-43 dropletsin vitro. In cells, downregulation of Hsp70 not only diminishes the formation but also reduces the dynamics of TDP-43 NBs especially during prolonged stress, which potentiates the cytotoxicity of TDP-43. Using NMR, we reveal that Hsp70 binds to the highly aggregation-prone, transient α-helix of TDP-43 via its nucleotide-binding domain, which keeps TDP-43 in the highly dynamic, liquid-like phase and prevents pathological aggregation of TDP-43 bothin vitroand in cells. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a crucial role of Hsp70 in chaperoning TDP-43 in the liquid-like phase, which provides a novel layer of the molecular mechanism how chaperons help proteins to remain functional and protect cells from stressed and/or diseased conditions.
Sex differences in learning from exploration
Authors: Chen Cathy S. , Knep Evan , Han Autumn , Ebitz R. Becket , Grissom Nicola M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSex-based modulation of cognitive processes could set the stage for individual differences in vulnerability to neuropsychiatric disorders. While value-based decision making processes in particular have been proposed to be influenced by sex differences, the overall correct performance in decision making tasks often show variable or minimal differences across sexes. Computational tools allow us to uncover latent variables that define different decision making approaches, even in animals with similar correct performance. Here, we quantify sex differences in mice in the latent variables underlying behavior in a classic value-based decision making task: a restless 2-armed bandit. While male and female mice had similar accuracy, they achieved this performance via different patterns of exploration. Male mice tended to make more exploratory choices overall, largely because they appeared to get “stuck” in exploration once they had started. Female mice tended to explore less, but learned more quickly during exploration. Together, these results suggest that sex exerts stronger influences on decision making during periods of learning and exploration than during stable choices. Exploration during decision making is altered in people diagnosed addictions, depression, and neurodevelopmental disabilities, pinpointing the neural mechanisms of exploration as a highly translational avenue for conferring sex-modulated vulnerability to neuropsychiatric diagnoses.
COVID-19 pivot: a reflection on assessments
Authors: Wong Leon , Zhang Yichelle 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe certain choices in assessments, in the digital pivot in response to COVID-19.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is a discursive reflection about one’s personal experience and response to COVID-19.

Findings
Communicating suggestions of the changes in advance for feedback, consistency in maintaining the same assessment formats and styles, and being available in real-time during key assessment tasks are important in providing assurance and certainty to students in a time of great uncertainty and stress. Anticipating resource constraints will help to avoid potential system fails. Developing assessments that are authentic in using real-world company filings, the answers to which cannot be readily searched on the internet can significantly reduce the risk of cheating, especially where examination supervision resources are unavailable.

Research limitations/implications
Course assessment choices may be specific to a particular course and may not be applicable to all courses.

Practical implications
Course assessment choices and the rationales for them, may be of applicability to other educators.

Originality/value
This note describes the authors’ personal experiences in adapting to the learning and teaching in the COVID environment.
Lead firm’s reconfiguration decision and performance of the value chain
Authors: Gelei Andrea , Sass Magdolna 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to trace the performance consequences of within-lead firm reconfigurations of global value chains with respect to business performance and upgrading.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on two detailed company case studies which are analysed in an organizational design approach.

Findings
Lead firms systematically separate and internalize high value-added activities in otherwise low value-added processes leading to constant reconfigurations and reorganizations of the production processes in global value chains. The study finds that similar reconfigurations may trigger different changes and changes and performance consequences may differ considerably according to the level of analysis. The two cases help to understand the specific roles of the outsourcing and offshoring decisions in shaping actual global value chain structures.

Originality/value
The consequences of within-lead firm reconfigurations are rarely analysed in the literature.
Assessment of national innovation capabilities of OECD countries using trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy ELECTRE III method
Authors: Selvaraj Geetha , Jeon Jeonghwan 
Published: December 2020

PurposeFor a nation to become a superpower, it's scientific and technological advancement is essential. Each country is exploring how to improve themselves in terms of science and technology. The authors analyzed the innovation capabilities of 35 OECD countries that have not recently joined Lithuania.Design/methodology/approachIn recent years, a lot of research work has been done on trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy sets (TIT-2 FS), and many research works have been published. The trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy set helps effectively to represent the uncertainty comparatively than the type-1 fuzzy set. Taking advantage of this effectiveness, the authors extend the best multi-criteria decision making method (MCDM) for trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy sets. Here, ELimination and Choice Expressing REality III (ELECTRE III) method in the trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy set environment is proposed.FindingsThis analysis helps to the OECD countries to develop their level of innovation in the criteria. The authors are making this evaluation for the year 2018 based on the 31 criteria. Application of the proposed method expressed by evaluation of the national innovation capability problem. Based on the obtained results, the top five countries are United States, Switzerland, Canada, Germany and Japan.Originality/valueThe authors collected required data from different available data sources like OECD, IMD, USPTO, ITU and surveyed data reported by KISTEP. After collecting all the data from different sources, the authors calculated the standard values as KISTEP. After converting the standard values into trapezoidal interval type-2 fuzzy values, the authors construct a decision matrix based on these values. Then, the authors determined the possibility mean values and preference. Then, they calculated the concordance and discordance credibility degree values. Finally, they ranked OECD countries by the net credibility degree. The results are computed by using the MATLAB software.
Multi-objective optimization design of a centrifugal impeller considering both aerodynamic efficiency and structural machinability
Authors: Xie Xing , Li Zhenlin , Zhu Baoshan , Wang Hong 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This study aims to complete the optimization design of a centrifugal impeller with both high aerodynamic efficiency and good structural machinability.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the design parameters were derived from the blade loading distribution and the meridional geometry in the impeller three-dimensional (3D) inverse design. The blade wrap angle at the middle span surface and the spanwise averaged blade angle at the blade leading edge obtained from inverse design were chosen as the machinability objectives. The aerodynamic efficiency obtained by computational fluid dynamics was selected as the aerodynamic performance objective. Then, using multi-objective optimization with the optimal Latin hypercube method, quadratic response surface methodology and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, the trade-off optimum impellers with small blade wrap angles, large blade angles and high aerodynamic efficiency were obtained. Finally, computational fluid dynamics and computer-aided manufacturing were performed to verify the aerodynamic performance and structural machinability of the optimum impellers.

Findings
Providing the fore maximum blade loading distribution at both the hub and shroud for the 3D inverse design helped to promote the structural machinability of the designed impeller. A straighter hub coupled with a more curved shroud also facilitated improvement of the impeller’s structural machinability. The preferred impeller was designed by providing both the fore maximum blade loading distribution at a relatively straight hub and a curved shroud for 3D inverse design.

Originality/value
The machining difficulties of the designed high-efficiency impeller can be reduced by reducing blade wrap angle and enlarging blade angle at the beginning of impeller design. It is of practical value in engineering by avoiding the follow-up failure for the machining of the designed impeller.
Numerical analysis of a hybrid tubular and cavity air receiver for solar thermal applications
Authors: Sasidharan Sayuj , Dutta Pradip 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to deal with characterisation of the thermal performance of a hybrid tubular and cavity solar thermal receiver.

Design/methodology/approach
The coupled optical-flow-thermal analysis is carried out on the proposed receiver design. Modelling is performed in two and three dimensions for estimating heat loss by natural convection for an upward-facing cavity. Heat loss obtained in two dimensions by solving coupled continuity, momentum and energy equation inside the cavity domain is compared with the loss obtained using an established Nusselt number correlation for realistic receiver performance prediction.

Findings
It is found that radiation emission from a heated cavity wall to the ambient is the dominant mode of heat loss from the receiver. The findings recommend that fluid flow path must be designed adjacent to the surface exposed to irradiation of concentrated flux to limit conduction heat loss.

Research limitations/implications
On-sun experimental tests need to be performed to validate the numerical study.

Practical implications
Numerical analysis of receivers provides guidelines for effective and efficient solar thermal receiver design.

Social implications
Pressurised air receivers designed from this method can be integrated with Brayton cycles using air or supercritical carbon-dioxide to run a turbine generating electricity using a solar heat source.

Originality/value
The present paper proposes a novel method for coupling the flux map from ray-tracing analysis and using it as a heat flux boundary condition for performing coupled flow and heat transfer analysis. This is achieved using affine transformation implemented using extrusion coupling tool from COMSOL Multiphysics software package. Cavity surface natural convection heat transfer coefficient is obtained locally based on the surface temperature distribution.
Single- and double-kink solutions of a one-dimensional, viscoelastic generalization of Burgers’ equation
Authors: Ramos J.I. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to determine both analytically and numerically the kink solutions to a new one-dimensional, viscoelastic generalization of Burgers’ equation, which includes a non-linear constitutive law, and the number of kinks as functions of the non-linearity and relaxation parameters.

Design/methodology/approach
An analytical procedure and two explicit finite difference methods based on first-order accurate approximations to the first-order derivatives are used to determine the single- and double-kink solutions.

Findings
It is shown that only two parameters characterize the solution and that the existence of a shock wave requires that the (semi-positive) relaxation parameter be less than unity and the non-linearity parameter be less than two. It is also shown that negative values of the non-linearity parameter result in kinks with a single inflection point and strain and dissipation rates with a single relative minimum and a single, relative maximum, respectively. For non-linearity parameters between one and two, it is shown that the kink has three inflection points that merge into a single one as this parameter approaches one and that the strain and dissipation rates exhibit relative maxima and minima whose magnitudes decrease and increase as the relaxation and nonlinearity coefficients, respectively, are increased. It is also shown that the viscoelastic generalization of the Burgers equation presented here is related to an ϕ8−scalar field.

Originality/value
A new, one-dimensional, viscoelastic generalization of Burgers’ equation, which includes a non-linear constitutive law and relaxation is proposed, and its kink solutions are determined both analytically and numerically. The equation and its solutions are connected with scalar field theories and may be used to both studies the effects of the non-linearity and relaxation and assess the accuracy of numerical methods for first-order, non-linear partial differential equations.
Revisiting economic burdens of malaria in the face of climate change: a conceptual analysis for Ethiopia
Authors: Yalew Amsalu Woldie 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Climate change affects the geographic and seasonal range of malaria incidence, especially, in poor tropical countries. This paper aims to attempt to conceptualize the potential economic repercussions of such effects with its focus on Ethiopia.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is conceptual and descriptive in its design. It first reviews existing literature and evidence on the economic burdens of malaria, and the impacts of climate change on malaria disease. It then draws the economic implications of the expected malaria risk under the future climate. This is accompanied by a discussion on a set of methods that can be used to quantify the economic effects of malaria with or without climate change.

Findings
A review of available evidence shows that climate change is likely to increase the geographic and seasonal range of malaria incidence in Ethiopia. The economic consequences of even a marginal increase in malaria risk will be substantial as one considers the projected impacts of climate change through other channels, the current population exposed to malaria risk and the country’s health system, economic structure and level of investment. The potential effects have the potency to require more household and public spending for health, to perpetuate poverty and inequality and to strain agricultural and regional development.

Originality/value
This paper sheds light on the economic implications of climate change impacts on malaria, particularly, in Agrarian countries laying in the tropics. It illustrates how such impacts will interact with other impact channels of climate change, and thus evolve to influence the macro-economy. The paper also proposes a set of methods that can be used to quantify the potential economic effects of malaria. The paper seeks to stimulate future research on this important topic which rather has been neglected.
Significant household factors that influence an IT employees’ job effectiveness while on work from home
Authors: Sridhar Vivek , Bhattacharya Sanjay 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to find out the significant factor/s relating to an information technology (IT) employee’s household that determines the job effectiveness of an employee.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach involves surveying IT employees from across levels of work-experience, companies and cities on household factors that affect their job effectiveness while they work from home and uses discriminant analysis to find out important factor/s that determines if an employee’s job effectiveness remains constant or is better at the workplace that at home.

Findings
The number of elderly staying in the house, age of the eldest member of the household, observable power cuts at home and number of cars owned by individuals were found to be significant factors affecting an IT employees’ job effectiveness.

Originality/value
The study targets a very niche area of the impact of household factors on an IT employee. The findings of this research enable IT organizations from India with insights and enable them to come up with innovative interventions to manage employees on a personalized basis to improve an employees’ job effectiveness and drive organizational effectiveness on a whole, during and post the COVID-19 pandemic.
Prediction of longitudinal facial crack in steel thin slabs funnel mold using different machine learning algorithms
Authors: Thakkar Kushalkumar , Ambekar Suhas Suresh , Hudnurkar Manoj 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Longitudinal facial cracks (LFC) are one of the major defects occurring in the continuous-casting stage of thin slab caster using funnel molds. Longitudinal cracks occur mainly owing to non-uniform cooling, varying thermal conductivity along mold length and use of high superheat during casting, improper casting powder characteristics. These defects are difficult to capture and are visible only in the final stages of a process or even at the customer end. Besides, there is a seasonality associated with this defect where defect intensity increases during the winter season. To address the issue, a model-based on data analytics is developed.

Design/methodology/approach
Around six-month data of steel manufacturing process is taken and around 60 data collection point is analyzed. The model uses different classification machine learning algorithms such as logistic regression, decision tree, ensemble methods of a decision tree, support vector machine and Naïve Bays (for different cut off level) to investigate data.

Findings
Proposed research framework shows that most of models give good results between cut off level 0.6–0.8 and random forest, gradient boosting for decision trees and support vector machine model performs better compared to other model.

Practical implications
Based on predictions of model steel manufacturing companies can identify the optimal operating range where this defect can be reduced.

Originality/value
An analytical approach to identify LFC defects provides objective models for reduction of LFC defects. By reducing LFC defects, quality of steel can be improved.
Application of fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy CODAS for analysis of workforce attributes pertaining to Industry 4.0: a case study
Authors: Vinodh S , Wankhede Vishal Ashok 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe aim of this study is to analyze workforce attributes related to Industry 4.0 using fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and fuzzy combinative distance-based assessment (CODAS).Design/methodology/approachTechnological trends stipulate various revolution in industries. Industry 4.0 is a vital challenge for modern manufacturing industries. Workforce adoption to such challenge is gaining vital importance. Therefore, such workforce-related attributes need to be identified for enhancing their performance in Industry 4.0 environment. In this context, this article highlights the analysis of 20 workforce attributes for Industry 4.0. Relevant criteria are prioritized using fuzzy DEMATEL. Workforce attributes are prioritized using fuzzy CODAS.FindingsThe key attributes are “Skills/training in decision-making (WA2)”, “Competences in complex system modelling and simulation (WA1)” and “Coding skills (WA20)”.Research limitations/implicationsIn the present study, 20 workforce attributes are being considered. In future, additional workforce attributes could be considered.Practical implicationsThe study has been conducted based on inputs from industry experts. Hence, the inferences have practical relevance.Originality/valueThe analysis of workforce attributes for Industry 4.0 using MCDM methods is the original contribution of the authors.
Forecast of China’s economic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic: a MIDAS regression analysis
Authors: Gunay Samet , Can Gökberk , Ocak Murat 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This study aims to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to the global financial crisis (GFC) on the gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate of China.

Design/methodology/approach
Empirical analyses are conducted through alternative methods such as ordinary least squares, Markov regime switching (MRS) and mixed data sampling (MIDAS) regressions. The flexibility of MIDAS regression enables us to use different variables with quarterly (GDP), monthly (export sales and foreign-exchange reserves) and daily frequencies (foreign exchange rates and Brent oil price).

Findings
The results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable negative effect on China’s GDP growth, while the dummy variables used for the GFC are found to be insignificant. Further, the forecast accuracy test statistics exhibited a superior performance from MIDAS regression compared to the alternative models, such as MRS regression analysis. According to the forecast results, the authors expect a recovery in China’s economic growth in the second quarter of 2020.

Originality/value
This is one of the earliest studies to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Chinese economy, and to compare the impact of COVID-19 with the GFC. The authors provide further evidence regarding the performance of MIDAS regression analysis vs alternative methods. Findings obtained shed light on policymakers, corporations and households to update their consumption, saving and investment decisions in the chaotic environment of this pandemic.