bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety and Depression in Patients Who Undergo a Cerebrovascular Procedure
Authors: Lombardo Lauren , Shaw Richard , Sayles Kathleen , Altschul Dorothea 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Observe the relationship of anxiety and depression on quality of life outcomes after open and endovascular cerebrovascular procedures. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 349 patients who underwent a procedure for aneurysm, arteriovenous malformation, intraparenchymal hemorrhage, carotid stenosis, acute stroke, and conventional catheter angiogram over three years at a community hospital. We correlated pre-procedural anxiety and depression with Global Physical Health, Global Mental Health, and Modified Rankin Scale scores. We performed univariate and multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses adjusting for past medical history and sociodemographic factors. Results: Anxiety or depression occurred in eighteen percent of patients. Patients with anxiety or depression were more likely to be female (81% vs 60.8%; p=0.002) and younger (54 vs. 59 years old; p=0.025). The groups did not differ in type or urgency of procedure, smoking or history of diabetes, or cardiovascular disease. Patients with anxiety or depression reported lower mental health scores at 30 days (45.1 vs 48.2; p=0.002) post-procedure. In multivariate analyses, anxious or depressed patients had worse mental health scores at 30 days (t=-2.893; p=0.008) than those who did not have a history of anxiety or depression. There was no difference between groups in length of stay, mortality, physical health t-scores, functionality scores, or six month quality of life outcomes. Conclusions: Patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures who self-reported anxiety or depression showed a significant difference in mental health outcomes at 30 days, but six month mental health and other medical and functional outcomes measures were similar to patients without these diagnoses.
BRAF V600 mutation profiling in primary skin nodular melanoma in Indonesia: an analysis using high resolution pyrosequencing
Authors: Rinonce Hanggoro Tri , Aji Rovi Panji Mustiko , Hayati Ni’mah , Pudjohartono Maria Fransiska , Kameswari Bidari , Anwar Sumadi Lukman , Irianiwati - 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective : We aimed to investigate the prevalence and type of BRAF V600 mutations and the associations with clinicopathological variables in primary skin nodular melanoma cases in Yogyakarta and Central Java, Indonesia using pyrosequencing. Results : BRAF V600 mutations of the V600E type were found in 21 (53.85%) specimens. The variant allele frequencies (VAFs) ranged from 5.07% to 94.70%, averaging 29.05%. However, most cases had low VAFs, with 13 (61.9%) specimens below 20% and 4 (19.05%) below 10%.
High Prevalence Fluke Infection at Four Cattle Farms Located in Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
Authors: Khadijah Saad  , Mohammad Faiz M  , Rita Nadarasan  , Mursyidah A K  , Quaza Nizamuddin Hassan  
Published: January 2020

A survey was conducted to determine the presence of parasitic worm infection in cattle at four farms located in Kampung Surau Haji Daud, Kampung Kubang Jela, Kampung Gemuruh and Kampung Peradong, Kuala Terengganu. Thirty-three faecal samples and blood samples were obtained from each cattle involved in this survey. Faecal samples were subjected to sedimentation method, modified McMaster method and faecal culture to detect trematode eggs, nematode eggs, and to identify the third stage of larvae. Blood samples were subjected to Packed Cell Volume (PCV) method to determine if the cattle are anaemic, normal or dehydrated. Result indicated that out of 33 cattle examined 17% of the cattle were positive for liver fluke, 67% were positive for stomach fluke and 42% were positive for nematode infection. PCV value indicated that all the cattle examined are not anaemic or dehydrated. The results obtained showed that trematode and nematode infections are common problem in all the four farms. The results were submitted to Department of Veterinary Services to plan further action and treatment.

Satu kajian telah dijalankan untuk mengetahui kehadiran cacing parasit pada lembu di empat ladang di Kampung Surau Haji Daud, Kampung Kubang Jela, Kampung Gemuruh dan Kampung Peradong, Kuala Terengganu. Sebanyak 33 sampel tinja dan darah telah diambil daripada lembu yang terlibat dalam kajian ini. Sampel tinja diproses dengan kaedah pemendapan, kaedah McMaster yang telah diubah suai, dan kultur tinja, untuk mengesan telur trematod, nematod dan juga untuk mengenal pasti larva peringkat ketiga. Sampel darah diproses dengan kaedah Packed Cell Volume (PCV) untuk mengetahui sama ada lembu adalah anemik, normal atau mengalami dehidrasi. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa daripada 33 ekor lembu yang diperiksa, 17% daripadanya adalah positif untuk cacing fluk hati, 67% adalah positif untuk cacing fluk perut, dan 42% adalah positif untuk jangkitan nematod. Nilai PCV menunjukkan bahawa tiada lembu yang anemik atau mengalami dehidrasi. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa jangkitan trematod dan nematod adalah masalah yang dihadapi oleh keempat-empat ladang. Keputusan telah dihantar ke Jabatan Perkhidmatan Veterinar untuk rawatan dan tindakan seterusnya.
Role of Prostaglandins in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Gulla Surendra , Lomada Dakshayani , Lade Anusha , Pallu Reddanna , Reddy Madhava C. 
Published: January 2020

:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disorder with chronic inflammation in the
central nervous system, manifested by both physical and cognitive disability. Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration
are the phenomena that appear in the central nervous system associated with various neurodegenerative
disorders, including MS, Alzheimer’s diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. Prostaglandins
are one of the major mediators of inflammation that exhibit an important function in enhancing neuroinflammatory
and neurodegenerative processes. These mediators would help understand the pathophysiology of MS
as the combination of antagonists or agonists of prostaglandins receptors could be beneficial during the treatment
of MS. The present review focuses on the role played by different prostaglandins and the enzymes which produced
them in the etiopathogenesis of MS.
Novel Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Singh Kavita , Yadav Dhananjay , Chauhan Pallavi S. , Mishra Meerambika , Jin Jun-O 
Published: January 2020

:
Neurodegenerative diseases are a leading apprehension in underdeveloped and developed countries.
The advancement of medical science is synonymous with an increase in life expectancy, which results in an aging
population. Neurodegenerative diseases in the older population are on the rise globally. This review sums up the
novel therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson's disease. Although most neurodegenerative diseases
occur due to the accumulation of misfolded proteins, the mechanisms are not completely understood. Currently,
only prophylactic therapies are available and none are preventive in nature. The World Health Organisation estimates
that neurodegenerative diseases that cause cognitive and motor impairments will be the second most ubiquitous
cause of death in the next decade, hence the need for novel therapeutic targets for these diseases is demanded.
In Alzheimer’s, β-amyloid and tau proteinopathies are prevalent, whereas a prion-like increase of α-
synuclein is the characteristic trait of Parkinson's disease.
Identification and Molecular Docking Studies of Bioactive Principles from Alphonsea madraspatana Bedd. against Uropathogens
Authors: Sahu Amita , Ghosh Goutam , Rath Goutam 
Published: January 2020

Aims:
The present study aims to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of Alphonsea
madraspatana leaves extract against selected uropathogens.

Background:
The plant Alphonsea madraspatana is an endangered species, reported to exhibit high
antimicrobial activity due to the presence of phenolic compounds. Prevalence of high UTI infection
and increased cases of bacterial resistance directed for alternative approach to meet the challenge of
drug resistance.

Objective:
Our objective is to determine antimicrobial efficacy of Alphonsea madraspatana leaves extract
against selected uropathogens and subsequent in-silico analysis to predict the underlying mechanism.

Methods:
Phytochemicals extraction from the dried leaves of Alphonsea madraspatana was performed
using solvent gradient technique. All the extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening
using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial activity of the prepared extract was
determined against the selected uropathogens using agar diffusion method. Finally, molecular docking
study of the selected bio-actives was performed against a representative bacterial resistance enzyme
‘‘DNA Gyrase”.

Results:
Methanolic extract exhibits relatively higher antimicrobial activity against the selected strains
with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of
1.56 ± 1 ug/mL and 6.25 ± 2 ug/mL, respectively. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of 3
flavonoids compounds such as Luteolin-7-O-glucoside, Kaempferol-3-O- rotinoside-7-O-rhamnoside
and Genestein-7-O-glucoside. The results of molecular docking shows Luteolin-7-O-glucoside has best
docking scores of −8.5 kcal/mol than other ligand molecules. Experimental simulation in presence of
DNA Gyrase inhibitors showed lowest MIC and MBC value for E. Coli, which was found to be 1.56
±1 ug/mL and 6.25±2 ug/mL respectively, support the docking outcomes.

Conclusion:
Outcomes of this study suggested that the methanolic extract of this plant shows good
anti-microbial potential against resistant uropathogens.
Understanding Sarcopenic Obesity in Terms of Definition and Health Consequences: A Clinical Review
Authors: Nezameddin Raya , Itani Leila , Kreidieh Dima , El Masri Dana , Tannir Hana , El Ghoch Marwan 
Published: January 2020

Background and Aim:
Research interests in a new phenotype termed as sarcopenic obesity
(SO), which refers to a decrease in lean body mass and muscle strength associated with an increase in
body fat deposition, have grown. However, neither SO definition nor its impact on health outcomes is
clear. In the current paper, we aim to summarize the available literature on the dilemma surrounding the
definition of SO, and the potential health consequences of this phenomenon on individuals with overweight
and obesity.

Methods:
A literature review using the PubMed/Medline database was conducted and data were summarized
by applying a narrative approach, based on clinical expertise in the interpretation of the available
evidence base in the literature.

Results:
Some definitions that account for body mass (i.e., body weight, body mass index) seem to be
more suitable for screening of SO and revealed as clinically useful. The association between SO and
certain health outcomes has also been investigated, especially those related to obesity; however, little is
known about the association of SO with psychosocial distress and health-related quality of life impairment,
as well as harsh outcomes such as mortality.

Conclusion:
International consensus regarding SO definition is needed, which would allow for a better
understanding of its prevalence. Moreover, future investigations should be conducted in order to determine
whether SO has an adverse effect (i.e., cause-effect relationship, in addition to association) on
health. Once these issues are achieved, confirmed and clarified, evidenced-based protocols of treatment
may become necessary to address the increase in the prevalence of obesity and sarcopenia worldwide.
Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes: Emerging Applications in the Diverse Biomedical Arena
Authors: Singhai Nidhi Jain , Ramteke Suman 
Published: January 2020

Background:In recent times, CNTs have been much explored, and a topic of interest in science and technology and not limited to any specific field. The diverse application area included field emission, energy storage, atomic electronics, nuclear force microscopy, and imaging. In biology, CNTs engaged in developing novel tools for the delivery of biologically important molecules as well as in diverse biomedical arenas. However, despite their promise, studies of the interaction of CNTs with biological systems most often resulted in cytotoxicity at an early stage, and problems relevant to the safety and biological compatibility of CNTs are of greatest importance. The toxic effects of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are required to be either evaded, diminished, or decreased up-to clinical acceptance level. However, rich surface chemistry that CNTs possess can be employed to functionalize them as per the specific biomedical requirements which may be useful to overcome toxicity issues.Objective:To explore the recent reports on the functionalized CNTs for a variety of biomedical applications such as biosensing, electrochemical detection of drug, bone tissue engineering, and vitamin detection.Results:Most of the cited articles reveal that the functionalization of CNTs may reduce its toxicity and enhance its utilization in different biological applications.Conclusion:The review successfully frames to provide novel applications of functionalized CNTs in the biomedical arena including detection of vitamins, bone tissue engineering, electrochemical determination of drugs, and development of biosensors along with a discussion on current patent and clinical trial status of functionalized CNTs.
Expression of B Cell Translocation Gene 1 Protein in Colon Carcinoma and its Clinical Significance
Authors: Zhang Junhe , Dong Weihua 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Colon cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and B cell Translocation
Gene (BTG)1 is involved in the occurrence and development of colon cancer, however, the
underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Objective:
In this study, we investigated the expression of BTG1 protein in colon cancer, and its association
with clinicopathology and prognosis.

Methods:
The tumor specimens from 59 patients with colon cancer who had undergone radical colectomy
were selected as the observation group. Para-carcinoma tissues from the same patients were selected
as the control group. The expressions of BTG1 mRNA and protein in the specimen of two
groups were analyzed by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western
blot. According to the immunohistochemical results, the patients were divided into BTG1-negative and
BTG1-positive groups. The postoperative cumulative survival rate in the two groups was analyzed. The
association of the expression of BTG1 protein with the clinicopathological features and postoperative
survival was investigated.

Results:
Compared with the control group, the expression levels of BTG1 mRNA and BTG1 protein
were significantly decreased in the observation group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed
that there were 12 positive tumor samples and 47 negative samples. The expression of BTG1
was negatively associated with the degree of differentiation and lymphatic metastasis. The cumulative
survival rate of BTG1-positive patients was significantly increased compared with that of BTG1-
negative patients (P < 0.05). Stepwise Cox regression analysis showed that lymphatic metastasis, tumor
size and BTG1 expression level were independent prognostic factors for overall survival in patients
with colon cancer.

Conclusion:
BTG1 protein in colon cancer tissues were expressed at low levels, which was associated
with the clinicopathological features, postoperative recurrence and survival of patients.
Effects of Sulfur Starvation on Growth Rates, Biomass and Lipid Contents in the Green Microalga Scenedesmus obliquus
Authors: Morowvat Mohammad H. , Ghasemi Younes 
Published: January 2020

Background::
Scenedesmus obliquus, a green unicellular chlorophycean microalga, is
well-established as a lipid and biomass production platform. The nutrient starvation strategy is
considered as a robust platform for lipid production from different microalgal strains.

Objective:
The study aimed to analyse the influences of sulfur starvation on the growth rates, and
also biomass and lipid production and composition in a naturally isolated strain of S. obliquus.

Methods:
The BG-11 culture medium was utilized for preservation and microalgal growth. To
monitor the cell growth rates, two different methods, including direct cell counting and also dry
cell weight measurement were used. The study was conducted in 28 days composed of two distinct
growth modes as 10 days of sulfur-rich and 18 days of sulfur starved media.

Results:
The studied S. obliquus strain displayed higher lipid and carbohydrate production levels
(34.68% and 34.02%) in sulfur starved medium compared with the sulfur-rich medium (25.84%
and 29.08%). Nevertheless, a noticeable reduction (51.36%) in biomass contents and also in cell
growth rates (63.36%) was observed during sulfur starvation. The investigated strain was composed
of some important fatty acids with potential applications as food, feed and biodiesel.

Conclusion:
The observed results implied the possibility of the sulfur starvation strategy to increase
lipid production in S. obliquus strain. Besides, the available data from recently published
patents reveals the promising potential of the identified lipids from S. obliquus in this study for
bioenergy production and other biotechnological purposes.
Recent Patents on Roll Crushing Mills for Selective Crushing of Coal and Gangue
Authors: Yang Daolong , Wang Yanxiang , Xing Bangsheng , Yu Yanting , Wang Yuntao , Xia Youtao 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Gangue is the concomitant product of coal mining. The traditional approach
for gangue treatment is to transport it from underground to ground level to accumulate and form gangue
hills.

Objective:
On the basis of summarizing previous research results, this paper introduces the hydraulic
roller crusher and the electric machine built-in coal gangue roller crusher, which avoids the complex
transmission problems caused by the movement of the central axis when the roller crusher is allowed to
roll.

Methods:
The hydraulic counter-roll crusher directly separates large pieces of coal and underground
gangue such that large pieces of coal gangue do not escape from the well. The electric machine built-in
roller crusher is an explosion-proof electric machine used in the crushing roller.

Results:
Both of these crushers can be used in the selective crushing technology of coal gangue in a
coal mine and can meet the requirements of crushing different material sizes and generally avoid the
centre of the roller crusher.

Conclusion:
Both of these crushers reduce transportation costs, minimise land occupation, prevent
surface subsidence, decrease environmental treatment costs, reduce environmental pollution, and decrease
the transport volume of gangue underground. Various patents have been discussed in this article.
The Level of Epidermal Growth Factor and Its Relationship with Leukocytes and Mast Cells in Experimental Interstitial Cystitis / Painful Bladder Syndrome
Authors: Sholan R. F. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction. The causes and mechanisms of interstitial cystitis / painful bladder syndrome (IC / PBS) remain poorly understood. The pathogenesis and the etiology of the disease is still not clearly defined. Of great interest is the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF). Due to the complexity of the pathophysiology of IC / PBS, several animal models are used to better understand the mechanisms of this disease.Purpose of the study. to determine the level of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its association with leukocytes and mast cells of the bladder tissue in animals with experimental models of interstitial cystitis / painful bladder syndrome.Materials and methods. IC / PBS modeling was carried out on 29 individuals of white New Zealand female rabbits, which were divided into 4 groups. EGFs were determined in blood and urine by ELISA. Cellular changes in tissues were assessed by histological method.Results. A high level of EGF in urine was detected in groups 1 and 2, exceeding the intact group by 33.3% (p <0.05) and 34.6% (p <0.05), respectively. In group 1, after 14 days, EGF decreased in blood by 16.2%, in urine - by 35.5% (p <0.05). In group 2, the level of EGF increased in blood (by 61.2%, p <0.01), in urine (by 28.7%). The greatest number of lymphocytes was detected in animals of the group 2 (p <0.001). Mast cells were determined only in groups 1 and 2, and in the latter their number was greater (p <0.001) than in group 1. A strong correlation was found between the value of EGF in the blood and mast cells, as well as between the level of EGF in the urine and eosinophils in group 1. In group 2, there was a direct weak relationship between the concentration of EGF in the urine and the number of lymphocytes and mast cellsConclusion. A statistically significant increase of EGF in blood and urine was obtained in animals with simulated IC / PBS by introducing urine into the wall of the bladder. This modeling option contributed to the activation of mast cells of the bladder tissue. The association of EGF with mast cells in IC / PBS was revealed. Changes in EGF levels may be associated with IC / PBS.The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
Urinary Tract Drainage Selection in Case of Pyelonephritis in Pregnant Women
Authors: Sinyakova L. A. , Loran O. B. , Kosova I. V. , Kolbasov D. N. , Tsitsaev H. B. 
Published: January 2020

The article presents an analysis of the treatment results of 1122 patients with pyelonephritis in pregnancy at different gestational periods (from 6 to 39-40 weeks of pregnancy). The age of the patients was from 16 to 41 years, the average age was 26.15 ± 7 years. The indications and methods of urinary tract drainage in pregnant women were analyzed depending on the causes of urodynamic disturbances (kidney stone disease, decreased urinary tract tone, ureters compression by the uterus, vesico-urethral reflux) pregnancy term; pyelonephritis in pregnancy stage (serous/ purulent). Errors in the patients’ management after purulent pyelonephritis in pregnancy are considered. The expediency of examining and treating patients with risk factors for urinary tract infections during pregnancy were indicated at the stage of preparing a woman for pregnancy. Antegrade draining of the urinary tract is indicated for pregnant women from the 31st pregnancy week (and even shorter periods with a pronounced violation of urodynamics) with the presence of knee-shaped deviation in the ureter`s upper third and with suspected purulent process. Therefore, nephrostomy draining provides a more adequate outflow of urine from the affected kidney and makes it possible to control daily diuresis. It is necessary to conduct active monitoring of pregnant women with the presence of internal ureteral stents and their timely replacement. It is advisable to remove the drainage 3-4 weeks after birth, depending on the causes of the urodynamics` disorders. Symptom build-up dynamics, severity of intoxication, multi-organ lesion, the possibility of antenatal death of the fetus require urgent choice of the method of urinary tract drainage and the early initiation of intensive therapy in patients with suspected purulent process. Antimicrobial therapy should be carried out in accordance with the Russian guidelines on Urinary tract infections.TThe study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest.