bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information and analytical system to monitor operating processes and environmental performance of vehicle propulsion systems
Authors: Mateichyk V , Saga M , Smieszek M , Tsiuman M , Goridko N , Gritsuk I , Symonenko R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article describes the peculiarities of using the information and analytical system to study the operating processes of vehicle propulsion systems and to assess their environmental performance, particularly fuel consumption and harmful emissions under operating conditions. The study provides the functional structure of the information and analytical system. It contains the subsystems that enable to obtain and analyze data about the operating process in the cylinder, the subsystem for obtaining data from the engine control system, the subsystem for obtaining data about the operating mode of the propulsion system, the subsystem of data analysis and forecasting the vehicle propulsion system indicators in different operating modes. The case of using the information and analytical system has been shown to study the influence of exhaust gas recirculation on fuel efficiency and environmental performance indicators of the vehicle propulsion system in separate modes and under operating conditions.
Measurement and comparison study of deformation using extensometer and 2D DIC technology
Authors: Bárnik F , Sága M , Vaško M , Handrik M , Kopas P , Štalmach O , Dorčiak F 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The article deals with a short study of deformation measurement two different approaches. First is measurement by extensometer which is the contact technology and second is 2D DIC, which is the optical and contactless method of measurement. The paper starts with introduction to the 2D DIC measure method and continue with results of measurements of both methods. In the conclusion there is comparing results of two presented experimental methods.
Influence of imperfections on dynamic properties of oscillating rod
Authors: Dekys V , Novak P , Milosavljevic D , Nekoranec M , Stalmach O 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe paper deals with the analysis of the influence of boundary conditions on the dynamic properties of a mechanical system. The steel bar is fixed in one place so that it is inserted under the hydraulic press. The pressure force in the press changes and models the imperfect fixation of the bar. The effect of bond imperfection is evaluated based on rod vibration analysis. This problem is solved computationally, by FEM and the results are compared with experimental measurement.
Identification of mechanical properties of KORDCARBON-CPREG-200-T-3K-EP1-42-A composite
Authors: Krystek J , Zajíček M , Kottner R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This work is focused on the identification of mechanical properties of a composite from tension, compression and bending tests according to ASTM standards. Selected stiffness and strength parameters were identified. The composite, which was made from KORDCARBON-CPREG-200-T-3K-EP1-42-A prepreg, consists of woven fabric (twill) with carbon fibres and epoxy resin. Some of the parameters were identified using the numerical simulation of the tests in the finite element system Abaqus and using optimization algorithms of Isight software. The whole process of the identification was managed by scripts written in Python software.
Numerical and experimental analysis of a laser welded joint made of dissimilar materials S355 and 304 steel
Authors: Saternus Z , Piekarska W , Sapieta M , Kopas P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
One of the latest trends in modern welding industry is joining materials with different physical properties. Performing such welded joints results from the needs of the modern industry (like aviation or automotive). It is required that welded joints have appropriate strength, anti-corrosion and heat properties. The welded joints of this type are quite troublesome due to the large differences between the materials being joined. This work presents numerical and experimental research of laser butt welding of dissimilar materials. Experimental tests were made for laser welding of S355 steel with 304 austenitic steel (X5CrNi18-10). Macroscopic research is performed. On the basis of experimental research numerical investigations of the thermomechanical phenomena of the welding process are carried out using commercial software. Numerical analysis takes into account temperature dependent thermomechanical properties of welded materials. The temperature distribution in the welded joint is determined on the basis of results of calculations. The shape of melted zone and heat affected zone are numerically estimated. Stress distributions and displacement field in welded joint are numerically determined. Obtained results of the numerical analysis are compared to the experimental results.
Finite element simulation of tensile test of composite materials manufactured by 3D printing
Authors: Žmindák M , Novák P , Soukup J , Milosavljevic D , Kaco M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A principle of 3D printing is based on formation of continuous layers of materials up to a formation of the final shape. Materials for production of given components are composite materials, especially on the basis of so-termed CFRP, CRP, (carbon fibre – so-termed polymers reinforced by carbon fibres). The objective of this paper is to predict the deformation length of carbon/onyx composite laminates using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and compare with universal testing machine INOVA FU 160 deformation results through the tensile load. Specimen were printed at raster orientation angles of 0°, 45° and 90° to test orientation effects on part strength. 16 ply CFRP specimens with various stacking sequences were analysed for their strength and displacements. A shell model has been established for simulation of the tensile test composite specimen which enables to understand the mechanical strength and strain at failure of the composite materials. The simulations of experiment are provided in FEM program ANSYS and ANSYS/Workbench.
The effect of temperature and storage time on mechanical properties of polyamides
Authors: Bakošová D 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This work is deals with the influence of temperature and storage time on selected mechanical properties of polyamides. These properties were determined using an impact test Charpy hammer and static test strength. The tests were carried out on three types of polyamides PA 6 BT, PA 6 GF 20 and PA 6 CF 20. The samples were stored for 2, 5, 7, 14, 28, 56, 84 and 120 days with a storage temperature of -20 °C (the freezer), 21 °C (room temperature) and 70 °C (furnace, heated at a given temperature). At the indicated times, we performed the test set and evaluated the mechanical properties observed.
The heat treatment impact on microstucture quality of 14 260 bearing steel
Authors: Vavro J , Pešlová F 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The paper deals with the investigation of the heat treatment impact on the microstructure quality of the bearing steel. The given heat treatment process as well as its impact on quality was determined for 14 260 material ( the designation of the given steel is based on Slovak Technical Standards). Unsuitable conditions of hardening process could be seen in the final steel microstructure as well as in values of mechanical properties. The structural heterogeneity and unsuitable processing conditions of the heat treatment led to pitting and premature initiation of the ruprure. The given condition can lead to the component lifetime reduction, and even to the various technical collisions. The mentioned investigation was performed for a component that is mechanically and thermally loaded in its service, where stress-strain states are not allowed. If the material is heterogeneous, even after the heat treatment, there is a risk of immediate destruction of the component and it was also evident in this case. Continuous inspection of the microstructure of the heat treated bearing steel can eliminate as well as prevent from undesirable conditions during the operation of the given structural component.
Evaluation of the protective PE foils properties after exposure in various environments
Authors: Gaňa D , Markovičová L , Liptáková T 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The subject of the research is testing of the polyethylene foils (PE) degradation exposed in various environments. The foils serve to protect transporting flasks and containers for the possible periodic repeated application. The experimental foils were exposed in three various aggressive environments (Coca-Cola, chloride cleaner and detergent) with different pH values. The time of exposure was 3 and 6 months. To study the changes of the PE foils properties, the rheological and tensile strength measurements were performed, as well as the microscopy of the surface. By the rheological measurements the changes of viscoelastic properties were determined. The rheological parameters (e.g. modulus of elasticity and viscosity, complex viscosity) react to the structural changes in the PE foils. The strength properties are also affected by the experimental environment. In this case the strength parameters were different in longitudinal and transversal directions.
The study of mechanical properties of magnetorheological elastomers under compressive stress
Authors: Kukla M , Fierek A , Berdychowski M , Kończak M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The study of magnetorheological elastomers is one of the major areas of searching for construction materials with unique properties. These are smart composite materials which constantly find new areas of use because they combine the advantages of elastomers and ferromagnetic materials. This article presents the results of study of the mechanical properties of magnetorheological elastomers under compressive stress. As part of the study, a series of compression cycles was performed at different magnetic induction values, strain amplitude and input frequency. The influence of each parameter on the material characteristics was determined utilizing a rheological model of a viscoelastic material. The presented results were supplemented with methodology of measurement and sample preparation as well as information related to the construction of the testing station.
Experimental research of the mechanical properties of the round drive belts made of thermoplastic elastomer
Authors: Wałęsa K , Malujda I , Górecki J 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
A lot of the industrial machines use belt transmission for power transfer. These mechanisms often use the round belts several millimetres in diameter, which are made of the thermoplastic elastomers, usually polyurethane. The mandatory step in their production process is bonding of belt ends, which is often performed by the butt welding, using the hot plate. In general, this operation comprises two main mechanical interactions between belts and the automatic welding equipment. The first one is a compression, performed by shaped grippers during heating and joining step. Compression proceeds both along the axis of the belt and in the radial direction. The second of them is shearing, performed by cutting edges, during belt preparation and flash removing step. Shearing is present both in a plane which is tangential to the belt outer surface and also in a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of the belt. To correctly develop the model of the whole welding process, both the proportionality modulus and the shear modulus are required. The paper demonstrates the procedure of the experimental determination of these parameters, with some assumptions which are valid for the hot plate welding process. There were presented the results of the compression test in the axial and radial directions, and results of the shearing test. Finally, the values of proportionality and shear modulus as a function of test parameters are presented.
Numerical estimation of heat affected zone in spirally laser quenched shaft
Authors: Domański T , Saga M , Kubiak M , Saternus Z , Novak P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study concerns numerical modelling and computer simulation of thermal phenomena in spiral laser heating of shaft made of S355 steel. 3D numerical analysis is developed for the prediction of heat affected zone in Abaqus/FEA software. Power distribution of spirally moving heat source is implemented into additional DFLUX subroutine, written in Fortran programming language. Changing with temperature thermophysical properties are assumed in the analysis. The model of heat source motion takes into account the size of heat affected zone. Results of numerical analysis include temperature field, predicted heat affected zone and cooling rates. These results are a start point for the analysis of thermomechanical phenomena with the consideration of phase transformations in solid state.
Model of electricity consumption in a manufacturing company – time series decomposition
Authors: Michalková M , Ďurčanský P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Electricity has become a commodity capable of being bought, sold or traded. An electricity market is a system enabling purchases, through bids to buy or offers to sell, which can be useful for companies to lower electricity costs by short term trades. This new approach demands new ways of collecting, analysing and predicting not only electricity price, but in first place electricity consumption. The aim of the paper is to model electricity consumption of a manufacturing company. The trend, seasonal and random component, respectively, are identified.
Energy optimal trajectories for electro-mechanical systems
Authors: Oršanský P , Ftorek B , Vittek J 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Electro-mechanical systems (EMS) efficiency improvement can result not only in significant energy savings but also can have positive impact on our environment. Progressive applications of EMS control as e.g. dynamical system of multi-parts robots are described by system of non-linear mutually coupled differential equations considering gravity, acceleration, Coriolis and centrifugal couplings together with parameter changes as a function of load. Using Euler-Lagrange optimization we discuss some results in decreasing energy demands for given electro-mechanical systems exploiting electric drives, which are typical for industrial and transportation applications e.g. robotic arm control, train movement control etc.
Dielectric loss behavior and microwaves absorption properties of TiB2 ceramic
Authors: Song Zhuoran , Sun Mengxiao , Wu Lipeng , Wu Fan , Xie Aming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Searching for microwaves absorption (MA) with outstanding resistance to harsh condition shows great potential in various special applications. As a typical high-temperature and conducting ceramic, TiB2 can meet this requirement, but its high electrical conductivity will lead to high reflection of electromagnetic waves. In this paper, we find that TiB2 ceramic can exhibit excellent MA performance after doping by C/N elements. The chemical structures, dielectric properties and MA performance of ZrB2 ceramic are systematically measured and analyzed. The MA performance of TiB2 ceramic reaches −21 dB at 8.00 GHz under a thickness of 2 mm. The results indicate that the MA performance of ZrB2 can be ascribed to the multiple nonlinear dielectric resonance and polarization relaxation mechanism. This research significantly expands the application scope of TiB2 ceramic to MA area.
Motivational factors mediate the association of general self-efficacy and performance outcomes in acutely hospitalised older patients
Authors: Reichardt Lucienne A , Aarden Jesse J , van Seben Rosanne , van der Schaaf Marike , Engelbert Raoul H H , van der Esch Martin , Twisk Jos W R , Bosch Jos A , Buurman Bianca M ,   Hospital-ADL study group
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To study (i) the association of general self-efficacy (GSE) on the course of subjective (i.e. basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs and IADLs) and objective physical performance outcomes (short physical performance battery (SPPB)) among older persons from discharge up to 3 months post-discharge and (ii) the extent to whether motivational factors such as depressive symptoms, apathy and fatigue mediate this association.

Methods
Prospective multi-centre cohort of acutely hospitalised patients aged ≥70 (Hospital-ADL study). Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the structural relationships.

Results
The analytic sample included 236 acutely hospitalised patients. GSE had a significant total effect on the course of subjective and objective performance outcomes (ADLs: β = −0.21, P &lt; 0.001, IADLs: β = −0.24, P &lt; 0.001 and SPPB: β = 0.17, P &lt; 0.001). However, when motivational factors as mediator were included into the same model, motivational factors (IADLs: β = 0.51, P &lt; 0.001; SPPB: β = 0.49, P &lt; 0.001) but not GSE remained significantly associated with IADLs (β = −0.06, P = 0.16) and SPPB (β = 0.002, P = 0.97). Motivational factors partially mediated the relationship between GSE and ADLs (β = −0.09, P = 0.04). The percentage of mediation was 55, 74 and 99% for ADLs, IADLs and SPPB, respectively.

Conclusions
Motivational factors and GSE are both associated with subjective and objective performance outcomes. However, the relationship between GSE and subjective and objective performance outcomes was highly mediated by motivational factors. Taken together, this suggests that GSE is important to being physically active but not sufficient to becoming more physical active in acutely hospitalised older patients; motivation is important to improving both subjective and objective performance.
Relationship between sarcopenia and orthostatic hypotension
Authors: Soysal Pinar , Kocyigit Suleyman Emre , Dokuzlar Ozge , Ates Bulut Esra , Smith Lee , Isik Ahmet Turan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between sarcopenia and orthostatic hypotension (OH) is unclear.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to investigate associations between sarcopenia/sarcopenia severity and OH.DesignA total of 511 patients attending a geriatric outpatient clinic were included. OH was defined as a decrease in systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure of ≥ 20 mmHg and/or ≥ 10 mmHg, respectively, when one transitions from the supine to an upright position. OH was measured by the Head-up Tilt Table test at 1, 3 and 5 min (OH1, OH3 and OH5, respectively). Sarcopenia and its severity were defined according to the revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis.ResultsThe mean age of the sample was 75.40 ± 7.35 years, and 69.9% were female. The prevalence of probable sarcopenia, sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia was 42.2%, 6.06% and 11.1%, respectively. After adjustment for all covariates, systolic OH1, OH1 and systolic OH5 were statistically significantly different between severe sarcopenia and the robust group (odds ratio [OR]: 3.26, confidence interval [CI] 0.98–10.84; P = 0.05 for systolic OH1; OR 4.31, CI 1.31–14.15; P = 0.016 for OH1; OR 4.09, CI 1.01–16.55; P = 0.048 for systolic OH5). Only systolic OH1 was statistically different between the sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia groups (OR 2.64, CI 1.87–8.73; P = 0.012). OH1 and OH5 were statistically significant different between severe sarcopenia and probable sarcopenia groups (P &lt; 0.05); there was no relationship between the robust group and probable sarcopenia (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionsThere is a close relationship between sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia and OH in older adults. Therefore, when a healthcare practitioner is evaluating an older patient with sarcopenia, OH should also be evaluated, and vice versa.
Contemporary Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation of Hypereosinophilia
Authors: Mattis Daiva M , Wang Sa A , Lu Chuanyi M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To provide an in-depth review of the classification and diagnostic evaluation of hypereosinophilia (HE), with a focus on eosinophilic neoplasms.

Methods
A review of published literature was performed, and exemplary HE cases were identified.

Results
Causes of HE are diverse and can be grouped under three categories: primary (neoplastic), secondary (reactive), and idiopathic. Advances in cytogenetics and molecular diagnostics have led to elucidation of the genetic basis for many neoplastic hypereosinophilic disorders. One common molecular feature is formation of a fusion gene, resulting in the expression of an aberrantly activated tyrosine kinase (TK). The World Health Organization endorsed a biologically oriented classification scheme and created a new major disease category, namely, “myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and rearrangement of PDGFRA, PDGFRB or FGFR1, or with PCM1-JAK2.” Rearrangement of other TK genes and activating somatic mutation(s) in TK genes have also been reported in eosinophilic neoplasms. Diagnostic evaluation of HE involves a combination of clinical, histopathologic, and immunophenotypic analyses, as well as molecular genetic testing, including next-generation sequencing-based mutation panels. The management of primary HE is largely guided by the underlying molecular genetic abnormalities.

Conclusions
A good knowledge of recent advances in HE is necessary to ensure prompt and accurate diagnosis, as well as to help optimize patient care.
Bioaccessibility of Nickel and Cobalt Released from Occupationally Relevant Alloy and Metal Powders at Simulated Human Exposure Scenarios
Authors: Wang Xuying , Odnevall Wallinder Inger , Hedberg Yolanda 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) release from chromium-alloy powders (different stainless steels and a nickel-based Inconel alloy) compared with Ni and Co metal powders was investigated at simulated human exposure scenarios (ingestion, skin contact, and inhalation) between 2 and 168 h. All investigated powders consisted of particles sized within the respirable range. The powder particles and their surface reactivity were studied by means of nitrogen adsorption and electrochemical, spectroscopic (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy), light scattering, and microscopic techniques. The release of both Ni and Co was highest in the acidic and complexing fluids simulating the gastric environment and an inhalation scenario of small powders (artificial lysosomal fluid). Relatively high corrosion resistance and lower levels of released Ni and Co were observed in all fluids for all alloy powders compared with the corresponding pure metals. The extent of released metals was low for powders with a passive surface oxide. This study strongly emphasizes the importance of considering alloying effects in toxicological classification and/or regulation of Ni and Co in alloys and metals.