bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obscuring Fraction of Active Galactic Nuclei Implied by Supernova and Radiative Feedbacks
Authors: Kawakatu Nozomu , Wada Keiichi , Ichikawa Kohei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We study the obscuring structure of circumnuclear disks (CNDs) by considering supernova (SN) feedbacks from nuclear starburst and the effect of anisotropic radiative pressure from active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We suppose that the mass accretion onto a central supermassive black hole (SMBH) is triggered by SN-driven turbulence within CNDs, and we explore how the structures of CNDs depend on the BH mass (M
BH) and AGN luminosity (L
AGN). We find that the obscuring fraction (f
obs) peaks at ∼10% of the Eddington luminosity (L
Edd), and its maximal value is f
obs ∼ 0.6 for less massive SMBHs (e.g., M
BH < 108
M
⊙). This is because the scale height of CNDs is determined by the SN-driven accretion for a smaller L
AGN, while the dusty molecular gas in CNDs is blown away by the radiation pressure from AGNs beyond the critical luminosity. On the other hand, for massive SMBHs (e.g., M
BH > 108
M
⊙), f
obs is always smaller than 0.2, and it is almost independent of L
AGN because the scale height of CNDs is mainly controlled by the maximal star formation efficiency (

) in CNDs. In comparison with the obscuring fractions suggested from the mid-infrared observations of nearby AGNs, the SN plus radiative feedback model with

reproduces the observations for M
BH = 108
M
⊙ well. We also find that the intense starburst or the existence of dust-free absorbers inside CNDs are necessary for explaining X-ray observations.
Flame Acceleration in SN Ia Induced by the Burning of Local Unreacted Islands
Authors: Shu Tao , Gao Yang , Law Chung K. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The mechanism of type Ia supernova explosions is still unsolved due to the uncertainties in the processes of flame acceleration and the associated deflagration to detonation transition. In carbon–oxygen (C–O) white dwarfs, due to the well known Rayleigh–Taylor (R-T) instability and turbulent vortices in the R-T fingers, there exist unburned islands embedded in the downstream of the main flame front. The burning of such islands can be modeled by the spherical inward-propagating two-step C–O flame, which will accelerate while propagating inward due to the stretch effect and the Zel’Dovich mechanism. In turbulent flows under proper conditions, such acceleration can be further strengthened by turbulent mixing, possibly making the burning of these islands speed up to be supersonic. The supersonic burning of the embedded islands is then a source of heating that speeds up the main flame. Here we derive the relationship between the flame’s spontaneous inward-propagating speed and the flame radius in consuming the unburned islands based on the Zel’Dovich mechanism in both laminar and turbulent flows. The calculation results show that, in suitable turbulent situation, i.e., for a C–O white dwarf with density 3.5 × 107 g cm−3, Reynolds number 1.0 × 1013, and integral scale 110 km, the island flame speed reaches the sound speed when the flame radius is 1.5 times the flame thickness, and then remains supersonic. Such supersonic combustion generates shock waves, which heat and speed up the main flame, and possibly lead to the initiation of global detonation.
Construction sémantico-discursive et polyfonctionnalité identitaire de REMERCIER dans les lettres des patients d’un service de réanimation
Authors: Galatanu Olga 
Published: January 2020

La recherche qui fait l’objet de cet article s’inscrit dans un espace d’interfaces de champs disciplinaires (sémantique – pragmatique des (inter) actions verbales, analyse linguistique – analyse des pratiques) et de champs de pratiques ( soigner [ cure ] – prendre soin [ care ]). Dans la perspective théorique d’une sémantique de l’ (inter) action verbale, nous nous proposons de présenter, argumenter et illustrer par l’analyse d’un corpus de lettres de remerciements de patients d’un service de réanimation, la polyfonctionnalité identitaire de ces lettres, fondée sur la complexité modale de l’acte REMERCIER. Le remerciement est appréhendé comme un macro-acte illocutionnaire susceptible d’ajouter à sa fonction sociale d’acte expressif et phatique des fonctions identitaires, de présentation et de reconstruction de soi et de renforcement des images identitaires (professionnelles et humaines) de son destinataire et de proposer une intersubjectivité régénérée entre patients et soignants, au-delà de la pratique des soins. L’analyse fait apparaître l’impact que ce discours épistolaire hors normes peut avoir finalement sur les pratiques dans le domaine de la santé.
La mise à l’épreuve des trajectoires et normes parentales : le cas des enfants sans vie
Authors: Charrier Philippe , Clavandier Gaëlle 
Published: January 2020

L’évolution de la prise en charge des décès périnataux en milieu hospitalier depuis les années 1990 a eu pour effet de redéfinir les dispositifs d’accompagnement à l’égard des parturientes confrontées à une fausse couche tardive, une IMG ou une mort fœtale à partir de 15 SA. Ces femmes ont en commun d’avoir accouché, de pouvoir déclarer un « enfant sans vie » à l’état civil, le prénommer et organiser ses obsèques. Ces dispositifs médicaux et administratifs sont fréquemment présentés comme des supports au deuil périnatal. Or, il s’avère qu’ils génèrent de nouvelles normes pouvant amener la femme qui accouche et son éventuel partenaire à se présenter comme « parent » d’un « enfant décédé ». Cet article, fondé sur une étude par entretiens, montre qu’outre la nécessité de se positionner face à une série de choix qui préexistent à la situation en question, une partie de ces femmes s’inscrivent dans une démarche parentale. Dès lors, ce n’est plus simplement en termes de deuil que s’élaborent ces trajectoires, mais en termes d’entrée en parentalité. L’étude de la manière de se nommer et de nommer le fœtus (né vivant mais non viable) ou le mort-né est significative des déplacements actuels, d’où des ajustements et incompréhensions, notamment quand il s’agit d’intégrer cet « enfant » à la famille élargie.
Parcours de vie des personnes âgées à faibles revenus
Authors: Thelin Angelika , Van Regenmortel Sofie 
Published: January 2020

Cet article examine le parcours de vie des personnes âgées à faibles revenus en Suède et en Belgique, selon une approche comparative des politiques sociales de ces deux pays. L’étude porte sur les conditions de vie actuelles de ces personnes âgées, ainsi que sur les événements et parcours à l’origine de leur faible niveau de ressources. Une analyse secondaire qualitative de 49 récits de vie a permis d’identifier cinq parcours menant à un faible niveau de revenus, signe de la relation complexe entre parcours de vie et précarité économique. Les divers événements de la vie interagissent fortement entre eux, soulignant la nécessité de développer les interventions sociales afin d’apporter un soutien coordonné aux personnes confrontées à de multiples difficultés tout au long de leur vie et dans différents contextes sociaux. Les conclusions de l’étude soulignent également la nécessité de pousser plus avant les recherches sur les processus sociaux responsables des situations de faibles revenus chez les personnes âgées dans différents types d’État-providence.
Le roi neutre et la domination technique du vide
Authors: Marzo Pier Luca 
Published: January 2020

L’article présenté ici tire son origine d’une question : si les métanarrations n’existent plus, pourquoi n’en est-il pas autant du social ? La notion de “roi secret”, élaborée par Simmel dans Le conflit de la culture moderne , est le périmètre réfléchi où cette question sera développée. Après avoir considéré cette notion comme le centre de rotation de l’imaginaire social, l’hypothèse que nous tenterons d’argumenter est destinée à identifier dans la contemporanéité la présence d’un nouveau monarque sans qualités métanarratives. Son règne n’est pas légitimé par une vision du monde dotée de sens mais, au contraire, par la neutralisation de tous les sens ; c’est pour cette raison qu’on nommera ce souverain, né du conflit de la culture post-moderne, le Roi neutre . C’est ce nouveau roi secret qui nous place, pour la première fois, à l’intérieur d’une sphère vide de sens, capable, de contenir et de métamorphoser l’hétérogénéité des imaginaires sociaux contemporains dans son royaume réticulaire reproduit de manière numérique.
Navigating Recurrent Abdominal Pain: Through Clinical Clues, Red Flags, and Initial Testing
Authors: Noe Joshua D. , Li B U.K. 
Published: January 2020

CME Educational Objectives

1.
Define a five-step approach for the child with abdominal pain.

2.
Review the historical components of a child with abdominal pain, which would indicate the need for further evaluation.

3.
List specific diagnostic testing that may be of value in the evaluation of the child with abdominal pain.
The Genome Resequencing of TCR Loci in Gallus gallus Revealed Their Distinct Evolutionary Features in Avians
Authors: Liu Fei , Li Jing , Lin Ivan Y C , Yang Xi , Ma Junping , Chen Yan , Lv Na , Shi Yi , Gao George F , Zhu Baoli 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The TCR is consisted of four chains: α (TCRα), β (TCRβ), γ (TCRγ), and δ (TCRδ) that are present in all jawed vertebrates. Birds are very important in terms of evolutionary aspects of the adaptive immune system, in which it bridges the evolutionary gap between mammals and other vertebrates. To gain better understanding into the genomic organization and complexity of birds’ TCR loci, we applied cross-reference error-correction sequencing approach by using Illumina and single-molecule real-time sequencing technology to resequence genomic regions of chicken TCR loci based on 10 mapped bacterial artificial chromosome clones. We did de novo classification of V and J genes for all four chains of the TCR loci according to our sequencing results using the Immunogenetics nomenclature. In sum, we identified 85, 8, and 37 TCR V gene segments in the chicken TCRα/TCRδ, TCRβ, and TCRγ loci, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis showed the Vα 7 and Vα family 4 gene sequences shared greater sequence similarity with mammalian species, whereas the other Vα segment sequences are evolutionary closer with sequences from bony fishes. The organization of chicken TCRβ locus is more similar to fish TCRβ locus over mammalian species, as chicken TCRβ locus has a single translocon of its V–D–J–C and exhibits significantly fewer Vβ gene segments. In this study, we present a highly precise genomic map for chicken TCR loci and phylogenetic relationships of TCR variable gene segments against other animal species and verified the relative stability of the receptor structure during evolutional process.
Efficacy and adherence of auto-CPAP therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a prospective study
Authors: Dinh-Thi-Dieu Hang , Vo-Thi-Kim Anh , Tran-Van Huong , Duong-Quy Sy 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The use of auto-continuous positive airway pressure (auto-CPAP) therapy has been recommended for subjects with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) without significant comorbidities. This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy and adherence of auto-CPAP therapy in subjects with OSA.
Methods: It was a perspective and descriptive study. All study subjects who had apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) >30/h, measured by polysomnography, were included. They were treated with auto-CPAP and followed-up for 6 months for evaluating the effect of CPAP-therapy on clinical and biological features and treatment adherence.
Results: One hundred and thirty-nine subjects with severe OSA were accepted for auto-CPAP therapy at inclusion. BMI was 28.4±3.8 kg/m2; neck and abdomen circumferences were 38.2±6.4 and 85.7±11.6. Epworth and Pichot scores were 18.4±6.3 and 28.3±4.5, respectively; AHI was 39±7/h and arousal index was 39±13/hour. At 6th month, 96.4% of study subjects continued to use auto-CPAP-therapy within 6.5±2.4 hours/night. There was a significant correlation between the modification (Δ) of Epworth scores and (Δ) AHI after 3 and 6 months of auto-CPAP-therapy (R=0.568 and P=0.003; R=0.745 and P=0.002; respectively). At 6th month follow-up, the main side effects of auto-CPAP were difficult sleeping, dry mouth or nose, skin marks or rashes, discomfortable breathing, and nasal congestion (36.1%, 32.0%, 20.8%, 16.0%, and 11.9%; respectively).
Conclusion: Auto-CPAP is effective in treatment of Vietnamese patients with severe OSA in short-term follow-up.
A Critical and Exegetical Commentary On Exodus 1–18
Authors: Davies G. I. 
Published: January 2020

Graham I. Davies provides his long-awaited commentary on the first ten chapters of the second book of the Torah in this in-depth engagement with Exodus chapters 1-10.
Davies brings together all the relevant aids to exegesis - linguistic, textual, philological, archaeological, historical, literary, and theological - to help the reader understand the text at hand. The first ten chapters of Exodus cover the affliction in Egypt and the finding of Moses as well as the plagues of Egypt and Moses' interactions with Pharaoh. Davies plumbs the depths of these well-known texts, bringing out many profound insights into their structure and meaning, and into the history of scholarship.
Two results of Davies's research are to place the old hypothesis of an Elohistic source on a much stronger footing and to reaffirm that both it and the J source extended through both Genesis and Exodus.
Sound Effect
Authors: Brown Ross 
Published: January 2020

Longlisted for the PQ Best Publication Award in Performance Design & Scenography 2023
Sound Effect tells the story of the effect of theatrical aurality on modern culture. Beginning with the emergence of the modern scenic sound effect in the late 18th century, and ending with headphone theatre which brings theatre’s auditorium into an intimate relationship with the audience’s internal sonic space, the book relates contemporary questions of theatre sound design to a 250-year Western cultural history of hearing. It argues that while theatron was an instrument for seeing and theorizing, first a collective hearing, or audience is convened. Theatre begins with people entering an acoustemological apparatus that produces a way of hearing and of knowing. Once, this was a giant marble ear on a hillside, turned up to a cosmos whose inaudible music accounted for all. In modern times, theatre’s auditorium, or instrument for hearing, has turned inwards on the people and their collective conversance in the sonic memes, tropes, clichés and picturesques that constitute a popular, fictional ontology.
This is a study about drama, entertainment, modernity and the theatre of audibility. It addresses the cultural frames of resonance that inform our understanding of SOUND as the rubric of the world we experience through our ears. Ross Brown reveals how mythologies, pop-culture, art, commerce and audio, have shaped the audible world as a form of theatre. Garrick, De Loutherbourg, Brecht, Dracula, Jekyll, Hyde, Spike Milligan, John Lennon, James Bond, Scooby-Do and Edison make cameo appearances as Brown weaves together a history of modern hearing, with an argument that sound is a story, audibility has a dramaturgy, hearing is scenographic, and the auditoria of drama serve modern life as the organon, or definitive frame of reference, on the sonic world.
Digital Food
Authors: Lewis Tania 
Published: January 2020

Tania Lewis offers the first critical account of the impact of digital information, media and communication technologies on the realm of food. Encompassing everything from provisioning and consumption, farming and food marketing, activism and food politics, Lewis critically analyzes how our relationship to food consumption, production, and politics is being re-mediated through digitally connected electronic devices, practices and content. By drawing together the world of food and the digital, the book speaks to a number of pressing contemporary themes including the tensions around digital engagement in increasingly commercialized spaces; the changing nature of politics in a social media context; the growing naturalization of digital devices and related practices of data monitoring; the role and impact of digitization on social relations.
From home cookery to restaurant-going, from farming to food politics, the world of food is being quietly colonised by an array of electronic devices, online content and information, and communication technologies. Meanwhile, the realm of the digital has been invaded by all things food-related, from endless food snapshots on Facebook and Instagram to the rise of Youtube cooking and food channels, the fastest-growing genre on the video-sharing service. Yet there has been surprisingly little written on the growing entanglements between the digital and the world of food.
At the forefront of critical new research, and written with the student readership in mind, this is a fantastic text for scholars interested in media studies, cultural studies, food studies and cultural geography.
Identity, Motivation, and Multilingual Education in Asian Contexts
Authors: Feng Teng Mark , Lixun Wang 
Published: January 2020

This book investigates how learners’ motivations and identities are constructed in the process of learning and using multiple languages in Asian contexts. It presents examples of multilingual contexts in different parts of Asia and illustrates various achievements and challenges associated with multilingual education. Drawing on recent theoretical developments regarding learners’ motivations and identities in language learning-related research, this book uncovers learners’ motivations that underlie their decisions of learning multiple languages in Asian contexts. It incorporates conceptual interpretations of learners’ motivations and identities in multilingual education.
Through empirical studies, the authors offer conceptual interpretations on emerging concepts such as dual-motivation system, motivation dynamics, motivational transformation episodes, and hierarchies of identities. In addition to being highly relevant to applied linguistics, this book is a valuable reference for every university and college library that serves a faculty or school of education.
D’Angelo’s Voodoo
Authors: Pennick Faith A. 
Published: January 2020

Voodoo, D'Angelo's much-anticipated 2000 release, set the standard for the musical cycle ordained as “neo-soul,” a label the singer and songwriter would reject more than a decade later. The album is a product of heightened emotions and fused sensibilities; an amalgam of soul, rock, jazz, gospel, hip-hop, and Afrobeats. D'Angelo put to music his own pleasures and insecurities as a man-child in the promised land. It was both a tribute to his musical heroes: Prince, Sly Stone, Marvin Gaye, J Dilla...and a deconstruction of rhythm and blues itself.
Despite nearly universal acclaim, the sonic expansiveness of Voodoo proved too nebulous for airplay on many radio stations, seeping outside the accepted lines of commercial R&B music. Voodoo was Black, it was definitely magic, and it was nearly overshadowed by a four-minute music video featuring D'Angelo's sweat-glistened six-pack abs. "The Video" created an accentuated moment when the shaman lost control of the spell he cast.
A reassessment of the discrepancies in the annual variation of δD-H2O in the tropical lower stratosphere between the MIPAS and ACE-FTS satellite data sets
Authors: Lossow Stefan , Högberg Charlotta , Khosrawi Farahnaz , Stiller Gabriele P. , Bauer Ralf , Walker Kaley A. , Kellmann Sylvia , Linden Andrea , Kiefer Michael , Glatthor Norbert , von Clarmann Thomas , Murtagh Donal P. , Steinwagner Jörg , Röckmann Thomas , Eichinger Roland 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The annual variation of δD in the tropical lower stratosphere is a critical indicator for the relative importance of different processes contributing to the transport of water vapour through the cold tropical tropopause region into the stratosphere. Distinct observational discrepancies of the δD annual variation were visible in the works of Steinwagner et al. (2010) and Randel et al. (2012). Steinwagner et al. (2010) analysed MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) observations retrieved with the IMK/IAA (Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung in Karlsruhe, Germany, in collaboration with the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía in Granada, Spain) processor, while Randel et al. (2012) focused on ACE-FTS (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer) observations. Here we reassess the discrepancies based on newer MIPAS (IMK/IAA) and ACE-FTS data sets, also showing for completeness results from SMR (Sub-Millimetre Radiometer) observations and a ECHAM/MESSy (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Hamburg and Modular Earth Submodel System) Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) simulation (Eichinger et al., 2015b). Similar to the old analyses, the MIPAS data set yields a pronounced annual variation (maximum about 75 ‰), while that derived from the ACE-FTS data set is rather weak (maximum about 25 ‰). While all data sets exhibit the phase progression typical for the tape recorder, the annual maximum in the ACE-FTS data set precedes that in the MIPAS data set by 2 to 3 months. We critically consider several possible reasons for the observed discrepancies, focusing primarily on the MIPAS data set. We show that the δD annual variation in the MIPAS data up to an altitude of 40 hPa is substantially impacted by a “start altitude effect”, i.e. dependency between the lowermost altitude where MIPAS retrievals are possible and retrieved data at higher altitudes. In itself this effect does not explain the differences with the ACE-FTS data. In addition, there is a mismatch in the vertical resolution of the MIPAS HDO and H2O data (being consistently better for HDO), which actually results in an artificial tape-recorder-like signal in δD. Considering these MIPAS characteristics largely removes any discrepancies between the MIPAS and ACE-FTS data sets and shows that the MIPAS data are consistent with a δD tape recorder signal with an amplitude of about 25 ‰ in the lowermost stratosphere.
Remote sensing in an index-based insurance design for hedging economic impacts on rice cultivation
Authors: Valverde-Arias Omar Roberto , Esteve Paloma , Tarquis Ana María , Garrido Alberto 
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Rice production in Ecuador is steadily affected by extreme climatic events
that make it difficult for farmers to cope with production risk, threatening rural livelihoods and food security in the country. Developing agricultural insurance is a policy option that has gained traction in the last decade. Index-based agricultural insurance has become a promising alternative that allows insurance companies to ascertain and quantify losses without verifying a catastrophic event in situ, lowering operative costs and easing implementation. But its development can be hindered by basis risk, which occurs when real losses in farms do not fit accurately with the selected index. Avoiding basis risk requires assessing the variability within the insurance application area and considering it for representative index selection. In this context, we have designed an index-based insurance (IBI) that uses a vegetation index (normalized difference vegetation index – NDVI) as an indicator of drought and flood impact on rice in the canton of Babahoyo (Ecuador). Babahoyo was divided in two agro-ecological homogeneous zones (AHZs) to account for variability, and two NDVI threshold values were defined to consider, first, the event impact on crops (physiological threshold) and, second, its impact on the gross margin (economic threshold). This design allows us to set up accurate insurance premiums and compensation that fit the particular conditions of each AHZ, reducing basis risk.