bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fusobacterium nucleatum is associated with worse prognosis in Lauren’s diffuse type gastric cancer patients
Authors: Boehm Ellen Teresa , Thon Cosima , Kupcinskas Juozas , Steponaitiene Ruta , Skieceviciene Jurgita , Canbay Ali , Malfertheiner Peter , Link Alexander 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFusobacterium nucleatum(F. nucleatum) is frequently detected in primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and matching metastasis, and has been linked to a worse prognosis. We investigated the presence ofF. nucleatumin gastric cancer (GC) and gastric preneoplastic conditions of the stomach, and its potential prognostic value in GC patients.Fusobacteriumspp. andF. nucleatumwere quantified in various specimens from gastrointestinal tract including paired CRC and GC tissues using probe-based qPCR.Fusobacteriumspp. andF. nucleatumwere more frequently found in tumorous tissue of CRC and GC compared to non-tumorous tissues. The frequency and bacterial load were higher in CRC compared to GC patients.F. nucleatumpositivity showed no association to chronic gastritis or preneoplastic conditions such as intestinal metaplasia.F. nucleatum-positivity was associated with significantly worse overall survival in patients with Lauren’s diffuse type, but not with intestinal type GC. There was no association with gender,Helicobacter pylori-status, tumor stage or tumor localization. However,F. nucleatumwas positively associated with patient’s age and a trend for a lower global long interspersed element-1 DNA methylation. In conclusion, our work provides novel evidence for clinical relevance ofF. nucleatumin GC by showing an association betweenF. nucleatumpositivity with worse prognosis of patients with Laurens’s diffuse type gastric cancer. Further studies are necessary to explore related mechanistic insights and potential therapeutic benefit of targeted antibiotic treatment in GC patients.
Untargeted longitudinal analysis of a wellness cohort identifies markers of metastatic cancer years prior to diagnosis
Authors: Magis Andrew T. , Rappaport Noa , Conomos Matthew P. , Omenn Gilbert S. , Lovejoy Jennifer C. , Hood Leroy , Price Nathan D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe analyzed 1196 proteins in longitudinal plasma samples from participants in a commercial wellness program, including samples collected pre-diagnosis from ten cancer patients and 69 controls. For three individuals ultimately diagnosed with metastatic breast, lung, or pancreatic cancer, CEACAM5 was a persistent longitudinal outlier as early as 26.5 months pre-diagnosis. CALCA, a biomarker for medullary thyroid cancer, was hypersecreted in metastatic pancreatic cancer at least 16.5 months pre-diagnosis. ERBB2 levels spiked in metastatic breast cancer between 10.0 and 4.0 months pre-diagnosis. Our results support the value of deep phenotyping seemingly healthy individuals in prospectively inferring disease transitions.
Edible additive effects on zebrafish cardiovascular functionality with hydrodynamic assessment
Authors: Wang Yu-Fang , Chen I.-Wei , Subendran Satishkumar , Kang Chun-Wei , Panigrahi Bivas , Fu Tzu-Fun , Chen Chia-Yuan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFood coloring is often used as a coloring agent in foods, medicines and cosmetics, and it was reported to have certain carcinogenic and mutagenic effects in living organisms. Investigation of physiological parameters using zebrafish is a promising methodology to understand disease biology and drug toxicity for various drug discovery on humans. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a well-acknowledged model organism with combining assets such as body transparency, small size, low cost of cultivation, and high genetic homology with humans and is used as a specimen tool for the in-vivo throughput screening approach. In addition, recent advances in microfluidics show a promising alternative for zebrafish manipulation in terms of drug administration and extensive imaging capability. This pilot work highlighted the design and development of a microfluidic detection platform for zebrafish larvae through investigating the effects of food coloring on cardiovascular functionality and pectoral fin swing ability. The zebrafish embryos were exposed to the Cochineal Red and Brilliant Blue FCF pigment solution in a concentration of (0.02‰, 0.2‰) cultured in the laboratory from the embryo stage to hatching and development until 9 days post fertilization (d.p.f.). In addition, zebrafish swimming behaviors in terms of pectoral fin beating towards the toxicity screening were further studied by visualizing the induced flow field. It was evidenced that Cochineal Red pigment at a concentration of 0.2‰ not only significantly affected the zebrafish pectoral fin swing behavior, but also significantly increased the heart rate of juvenile fish. The higher concentration of Brilliant Blue FCF pigment (0.2%) increased heart rate during early embryonic stages of zebrafish. However, zebrafish exposed to food coloring did not show any significant changes in cardiac output. The applications of this proposed platform can be further extended towards observing the neurobiological/hydrodynamic behaviors of zebrafish larvae for practical applications in drug tests.
Design of novel super wide band antenna close to the fundamental dimension limit theory
Authors: Dey Shuvashis , Karmakar Nemai Chandra 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the design and practical implementation of a Super Wide Band (SWB) antenna along with the application of fundamental bandwidth limitation theory of small antennas in the proposed design. The antenna is designed on a material with permittivity, εr = 3 where the patch metallization height is maintained as 0.035 mm. The designed antenna is then modified by enhancing the copper patch with an additional layer of 28.5 mm thickness. The proposed antenna achieves a huge frequency range with a ratio bandwidth starting from 96.96:1 to as high as 115.10: 1. The designed antenna operating band with thinner height starts from 1.65 to 160 GHz while with the added patch metallic height, the antenna operates from a minimum of 1.39 to 160 GHz with an average nominal bandwidth of more than 158 GHz. By enhancing the patch height, the antenna spherical volume is utilized more efficiently. Using this principle, the antenna impedance bandwidth is augmented while a reduction in electrical size is achieved. A comparison with the fundamental theories by Chu and Mclean illustrates that the designed SWB antenna electrical size exceeds Mclean and nearly touches the Chu fundamental limit curve. This eventually offers the maximized bandwidth with the most compact size for an SWB antenna. The designed antenna with thinner patch metallization height is practically fabricated and measured up to 67 GHz using Vector Network Analyzer to provide experimental validation.
Elevated S100A9 expression in chronic rhinosinusitis coincides with elevated MMP production and proliferation in vitro
Authors: Boruk Marina , Railwah Christopher , Lora Alnardo , Nath Sridesh , Wu Derek , Chow Lillian , Borhanjoo Panid , Dabo Abdoulaye J. , Chowdhury Sadakat , Kaiser Ryan , Foronjy Robert F. , Rosenfeld Richard , Geraghty Patrick 
Published: October 2020

AbstractChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common condition associated with inflammation and tissue remodeling of the nose and paranasal sinuses, frequently occurring with nasal polyps and allergies. Here we investigate inflammation and the protease profile in nasal tissues and plasma from control non-CRS patients and CRS patients. Gene expression for several cytokines, proteases, and antiproteases was quantified in nasal tissue from non-CRS and CRS subjects with nasal polyps. Elevated expression of S100A9, IL1A, MMP3, MMP7, MMP11, MMP25, MMP28, and CTSK was observed in tissue from CRS subjects with nasal polyps compared to control tissue. Tissue protein analysis confirmed elevated levels of these targets compared to controls, and increased MMP3 and MMP7 observed in CRS subjects with nasal polyps compared to CRS subjects without polyps. Plasma concentrations of MMP3 and MMP7 were elevated in the CRS groups compared to controls. The nasal cell line, CCL-30, was exposed to S100A9 protein, resulting in increased MMP3, MMP7, and CTSK gene expression and elevated proliferation. Silencing MMP3 significantly reduced S100A9-mediated cell proliferation. Therefore, the elevated expression of S100A9 and MMPs are observed in CRS nasal tissue and S100A9 stimulated MMP3 responses to contribute to elevated nasal cell proliferation.
Prevalence and predictors for unintended pregnancy among HIV-infected pregnant women in Lira, Northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Napyo Agnes , Nankabirwa Victoria , Mukunya David , Tumuhamye Josephine , Ndeezi Grace , Arach Anna Agnes Ojok , Odongkara Beatrice , Waako Paul , Tylleskär Thorkild , Tumwine James K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrevention of unintended pregnancies is a global strategy to eliminate mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Factors surrounding unintended pregnancy among women living with HIV are not well understood. We aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors for unintended pregnancy among these women in Northern Uganda. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 518 women using a structured questionnaire. We asked questions on socio-demographic, reproductive-related and HIV-related characteristics. We conducted multivariable logistic regression and reported adjusted odds ratios. The prevalence of unintended pregnancy was 41.1%. The predictors for unintended pregnancy were: being single (not living with a partner or being in a marital union), having five or more children and taking antiretroviral drugs for long periods of time. HIV counselling services should target women living with HIV who are not in a marital union, those having a higher parity and those who have taken ART for longer periods.
Detection rate of diabetic macular microaneurysms comparing dye-based angiography and optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Stattin Martin , Haas Anna-Maria , Ahmed Daniel , Stolba Ulrike , Graf Alexandra , Krepler Katharina , Ansari-Shahrezaei Siamak 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDiabetic maculopathy (DM) is a microvascular dysfunction clinically characterized by microaneurysms (MA) leading to edema and central visual deprivation. This prospective explorative study investigated 27 eyes of 17 patients with DM by fluorescein/indocyanine green angiography (FA/ICGA; SPECTRALIS HRA-OCT, Heidelberg Engineering) and by swept source-optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA; DRI-OCT Triton Plus, Topcon) to identify clinically relevant MAs. The SS-OCTA cubes were split into the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and the deep capillary plexus (DCP) according to the automated segmentation. The images of all modalities were superimposed for alignment by an Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study grid overlay and compared to each other. In total, the mean number of MAs in FA was 33.4 ± 22 (standard deviation) (median 27.5 [q1:21.75;q3:38.25]), in ICGA 24.9 ± 16.9 (17.5 [14;35]), in the SCP 6.5 ± 3.7 (5.5 [3.75;9.25]) and in the DCP 18.1 ± 10.5 (18.5 [10.75;23.5]). Mixed effects models between ICGA and the DCP were borderline significant (p = 0.048; 95% confidence interval 0.21 to 13.49), whereas all other imaging methods differed significantly. Quantitative analysis of MAs in DM showed a plausible agreement between ICGA and the DCP in SS-OCTA. These findings contribute to the imaging methodology in DM.
Oxygen sensing ability of positronium atom for tumor hypoxia imaging
Authors: Shibuya Kengo , Saito Haruo , Nishikido Fumihiko , Takahashi Miwako , Yamaya Taiga 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPositronium (Ps), a hydrogen-like atom consisting of a positron and an electron, is efficiently formed in the human body during positron emission tomography (PET) examination, and its decay rate into gamma-ray photons is significantly influenced by the chemical environment, especially the dissolved oxygen concentration (pO2) due to the unpaired electrons. However, the functionality of PET has been underestimated by neglecting the specific information provided by Ps. By comparing the decay rates in O2-, N2-, and air-saturated waters, here we show that Ps probes the absolute value of pO2 with a good linearity and a resolution better than 10 mmHg. This is a sufficient sensitivity for discriminating a hypoxic region in a tumor at approximately 6 mmHg from healthy tissues at approximately 40 mmHg. This method depends only on the fundamental properties of Ps and is independent of specific radiopharmaceuticals. The applications of Ps spin states and reactions will greatly enhance PET functionalities in the next decade.
Iodine catalyzed one-pot four component synthesis of coumarinyl phosphoramidates via sequential addition of reactants
Authors: Imrankhan Mohammed , Shivashankar Kalegowda 
Published: October 2020

An unprecedented synthetic route for the preparation of a library of novel coumarinyl phosphoramidate derivatives via iodine catalysed one-pot four component reactions of ethyl 4-bromo-3-oxo-alkanoate, sodium azide, trialkyl phosphites, and phenols in ethanol is reported.
Helios spacecraft data revisited: detection of cometary meteoroid trails by following in situ dust impacts
Authors: Krüger Harald , Strub Peter , Sommer Max , Altobelli Nicolas , Kimura Hiroshi , Lohse Ann-Kathrin , Grün Eberhard , Srama Ralf 
Published: October 2020

Context. Cometary meteoroid trails exist in the vicinity of comets, forming a fine structure of the interplanetary dust cloud. The trails consist predominantly of the largest cometary particles (with sizes of approximately 0.1 mm–1 cm), which are ejected at low speeds and remain very close to the comet orbit for several revolutions around the Sun. In the 1970s, two Helios spacecraft were launched towards the inner Solar System. The spacecraft were equipped with in situ dust sensors which measured the distribution of interplanetary dust in the inner Solar System for the first time. Recently, when re-analysing the Helios data, a clustering of seven impacts was found, detected by Helios in a very narrow region of space at a true anomaly angle of 135 ± 1°, which the authors considered as potential cometary trail particles. However, at the time, this hypothesis could not be studied further.
Aims. We re-analyse these candidate cometary trail particles in the Helios dust data to investigate the possibility that some or all of them indeed originate from cometary trails and we constrain their source comets.
Methods. The Interplanetary Meteoroid Environment for eXploration (IMEX) dust streams in space model is a new and recently published universal model for cometary meteoroid streams in the inner Solar System. We use IMEX to study the traverses of cometary trails made by Helios.
Results. During ten revolutions around the Sun, the Helios spacecraft intersected 13 cometary trails. For the majority of these traverses the predicted dust fluxes are very low. In the narrow region of space where Helios detected the candidate dust particles, the spacecraft repeatedly traversed the trails of comets 45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdušáková and 72P/Denning-Fujikawa with relatively high predicted dust fluxes. The analysis of the detection times and particle impact directions shows that four detected particles are compatible with an origin from these two comets. By combining measurements and simulations we find a dust spatial density in these trails of approximately 10−8–10−7 m−3.
Conclusions. The identification of potential cometary trail particles in the Helios data greatly benefited from the clustering of trail traverses in a rather narrow region of space. The in situ detection and analysis of meteoroid trail particles which can be traced back to their source bodies by spacecraft-based dust analysers provides a new opportunity for remote compositional analysis of comets and asteroids without the necessity to fly a spacecraft to or even land on those celestial bodies. This provides new science opportunities for future missions like DESTINY+ (Demonstration and Experiment of Space Technology for INterplanetary voYage with Phaethon fLyby and dUst Science), Europa Clipper, and the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe.
How to Capture the Bleeding Phenotype in FXI-Deficient Patients
Authors: Bertaggia Calderara Debora , Zermatten Maxime G. , Aliotta Alessandro , Alberio Lorenzo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFactor XI (FXI) is a serine protease involved in the propagation phase of coagulation and in providing clot stability. Several mutations in the F11 gene lead to FXI deficiency, a rare mild bleeding disorder. Current laboratory methods are unable to assess bleeding risk in FXI-deficient patients, because the degree of bleeding tendency does not correlate with plasma FXI activity as measured by routine coagulometric aPTT–based assays. Bleeding manifestations are highly variable among FXI-deficient patients and FXI replacement therapy can be associated with an increased thrombotic risk. A correct evaluation of the patient hemostatic potential is crucial to prevent under- or overtreatment. In recent years, different research groups have investigated the use of global coagulation assays as alternative for studying the role of FXI in hemostasis and identifying the clinical phenotype of FXI deficiency. This brief review article summarizes the main features of coagulation factor XI and its deficiency and resumes the principle axes of research and methods used to investigate FXI functions.
Effects of a Multicomponent Herbal Extract on the Course of Subclinical Ketosis in Dairy Cows – a Blinded Placebo-controlled Field-study
Authors: Durrer Manuela , Mevissen Meike , Holinger Mirjam , Hamburger Matthias , Graf-Schiller Sandra , Mayer Philipp , Potterat Olivier , Bruckmaier Rupert , Walkenhorst Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA blinded placebo-controlled multi-center on-farm trial was conducted in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis to investigate effects of a multicomponent herbal extract. Blood ketone levels were measured weekly in early lactating cows from 16 Swiss herds. Cows were subclassified based on their initial blood-β-hydroxybutyrate levels (≥ 1.0 [KET-low, 84 cows] and > 1.2 mmol/L [KET-high, 39 cows]) and randomly distributed to 3 groups treated orally with herbal extract containing Camellia sinensis, Cichcorium intybus, Gentiana lutea, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Taraxacum officinale, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Zingiber officinale, sodium propionate, or placebo twice a day for 5 days. Milk yield, milk acetone, blood-β-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase were analyzed over 2 wk. Linear mixed effect models were used for data analysis. No effects were found for nonesterifed fatty
acids, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and glucose. Significantly higher glutamate dehydrogenase (29.71 U/L) values were found in herbal extract-treated animals compared to sodium propionate on day 7 (22.33 U/L). By trend, higher blood-β-hydroxybutyrate levels (1.36 mmol/L) were found in the placebo group of KET-high-cows on day 14 compared to the sodium propionate group (0.91 mmol/L). Milk yields of all treatment groups increased. Milking time and treatment showed a significant interaction for milk acetone: sodium propionate led to an immediate decrease, whereas herbal extracts resulted in a milk acetone decrease from day 7 on, reaching significantly lower milk acetone on day 14 (3.17 mg/L) when compared to placebo (4.89 mg/L). In conclusion, herbal extracts and sodium propionate are both likely to improve subclinical ketosis in dairy cows, however, by different modes of action.
Evaluation of Ground Reaction Forces and Limb Symmetry Indices Using Ground Reaction Forces Collected with One or Two Plates in Dogs Exhibiting a Stifle Lameness
Authors: Pettit Elizabeth M. , Sandberg Gabriella S. , Volstad Nicola J. , Norton Megan M. , Budsberg Steven C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficiency and consistency in the collection of ground reaction forces using one or two force plates from dogs with stifle lameness.Animals Twenty-two client-owned dogs with unilateral stifle lameness were used.Methods In a prospective study design, data were collected at a single time point using both one- and two-plate collection methods. Ground reaction forces collected included peak vertical force, vertical impulse and associated symmetry indices. Additionally, time required to obtain valid trials and the total number of trials were also recorded for both one-plate and two-plate collections. Linear mixed models were used to analyse differences in peak vertical force, vertical impulse and symmetry indices between the collection methods. A paired-T test was used to compare trial number and time of trial collection. The significance threshold was p < 0.05.Results It took significantly longer to collect valid trials using one-plate both in time (16.1 ± 8.0 minutes vs, 8.0 ± 4.3 minutes with two plates) and number of trials (33.8 ± 14.8 trials vs. 16.4 ± 8.8 trials with two plates) (p < 0.0001). There was no difference in peak vertical force or vertical impulse data between collection methods. Neither the peak vertical force symmetry indices nor the vertical impulse symmetry indices were significantly different between one- and two-plate collection techniques.Conclusion The total time and number of trials needed to collect valid trials in dogs with stifle lameness were minimized through the use of two force plates. However, there was no significant difference in the ground reaction force or symmetry index values collected between the two systems.
Type 2 Endoleak Management
Authors: Chen James X. , Stavropoulos S. William 
Published: October 2020

AbstractType 2 endoleaks are the most common endoleak type following endovascular aneurysm repair. The natural history of these endoleaks can vary, with some demonstrating a self-limited or indolent course, while others can contribute to aneurysm sac enlargement and rupture. A variety of embolization techniques, including transarterial catheterization and direct sac puncture techniques, have been developed for the treatment of type 2 endoleaks. In this article, the authors review the indications, techniques, and outcomes of current treatment strategies for type 2 endoleaks.
Open Surgical Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Maintains a Pivotal Role in the Endovascular Era
Authors: Blackstock Christopher D. , Jackson Benjamin M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSince the advent of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) nearly three decades ago, there has been a paradigm shift in the treatment of the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) to favor EVAR due to its reduced operative mortality, less invasive nature, and faster recovery times. However, more recently there has been an accumulation of data from large meta-analyses and randomized clinical trials revealing that EVAR has no survival benefit after approximately 2 years and is associated with substantially higher rates of reintervention and aneurysm rupture in the long term. These findings call into question the durability of EVAR compared with open aortic repair and emphasize the need for surgeons to remain competent with open aortic surgery in the modern era. This article will provide comprehensive review of a large body of literature comparing endovascular repair to open aortic surgery for the management of AAAs, and it will offer an overview of the open surgical repair technique for AAAs.