bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of External Validity in Pediatric Integrated Primary Care Trials
Authors: Callejo-Black Alicia , Wagner David V , Ramanujam Krishnapriya , Manabat Ann Jeline , Mastel Sarah , Riley Andrew R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective
We used the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework to conduct a systematic review of external validity reporting in integrated primary care (IPC) interventions for mental health concerns.

Methods
We searched Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Center Register of Controlled Trials, and relevant literature to identify publications from 1998 to 2018 reporting on open, randomized, or quasi-randomized trials of IPC interventions that targeted child (ages 0–18 years) psychological symptoms. For each publication, we extracted the information reported in each RE-AIM domain and calculated the proportion of the total studies reviewed.

Results
Thirty-nine publications describing 25 studies were included in the review. Publications rarely reported some indicators of external validity, including the representativeness of participants (12%), rate of adoption clinics or providers (16%), cost of implementation (8%), or evidence of maintenance (16%). Few studies reported on key pragmatic factors such as cost or organizational change processes related to implementation and maintenance. Strengths of some studies included comparisons of multiple active treatments, use of tailorable interventions, and implementation in “real world” settings.

Conclusions
Although IPC interventions appear efficacious under research conditions, there are significant knowledge gaps regarding the degree to which they reach and engage target recipients, what factors impact adoption and implementation of IPC interventions by clinicians, how fidelity can be maintained over time, and cost-effectiveness. Pediatric IPC researchers should embrace dissemination and implementation science methods to balance internal and external validity concerns moving forward.
A Puzzling Silence: James 2:24 before the Reformation
Authors: Mooney Christopher R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Since the Reformation, James 2:24, ‘justified by works and not by faith alone’, has been the source of special controversy within an already contested epistle. But in the patristic and medieval period it was almost entirely unemployed and ignored, despite the widespread use, both approvingly and critically, of the expression sola fide. This article offers a pre-Reformation reception history of James 2:24. It begins with Origen and Augustine’s broader interpretation of James 2, then turns to the key pre-Reformation references to James: the earliest references (fifth–seventh century), Bede the Venerable (eighth), the Glossa Ordinaria (twelfth), Nicholas of Gorran (thirteenth), John Wyclif and Ps-Jan Hus (fourteenth), and Dionysius the Carthusian (fifteenth). Surprisingly, James 2:24 is at times explicitly harmonized with the expression sola fide, and only rarely used to critique it, because most read the Vulgate’s language in James 2:24 (non ex fide tantum) to refer solely to the need for later good works. At the same time, ‘justified by works’ was generally interpreted as referring to a confirmation or manifestation of justification until the scholastic period, when we find the earliest instances of interpreting ‘justified by works’ as a further justification. These results provide a theologically rich historical perspective on the reception of James 2:24 with respect to the development of sola fide and the scholastic interpretation of ‘justified by works’ as a subsequent increase in justification.
Using GC Content to Compare Recombination Patterns on the Sex Chromosomes and Autosomes of the Guppy,Poecilia reticulata, and Its Close Outgroup Species
Authors: Charlesworth Deborah , Zhang Yexin , Bergero Roberta , Graham Chay , Gardner Jim , Yong Lengxob 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGenetic and physical mapping of the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) have shown that recombination patterns differ greatly between males and females. Crossover events occur evenly across the chromosomes in females, but in male meiosis they are restricted to the tip furthest from the centromere of each chromosome, creating very high recombination rates per megabase, as in pseudoautosomal regions of mammalian sex chromosomes. We used GC content to indirectly infer recombination patterns on guppy chromosomes, based on evidence that recombination is associated with GC-biased gene conversion, so that genome regions with high recombination rates should be detectable by high GC content. We used intron sequences and third positions of codons to make comparisons between sequences that are matched, as far as possible, and are all probably under weak selection. Almost all guppy chromosomes, including the sex chromosome (LG12), have very high GC values near their assembly ends, suggesting high recombination rates due to strong crossover localization in male meiosis. Our test does not suggest that the guppy XY pair has stronger crossover localization than the autosomes, or than the homologous chromosome in the close relative, the platyfish (Xiphophorus maculatus). We therefore conclude that the guppy XY pair has not recently undergone an evolutionary change to a different recombination pattern, or reduced its crossover rate, but that the guppy evolved Y-linkage due to acquiring a male-determining factor that also conferred the male crossover pattern. We also identify the centromere ends of guppy chromosomes, which were not determined in the genome assembly.
Prolonged (6-Month) Shedding of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus RNA in the Sputum of a Lymphoma Patient
Authors: Choe Pyoeng Gyun , Park Wan Beom , Choi Su-Jin , Kang Chang Kyung , Koh Yongil , Kim Nam Joong , Oh Myoung-don 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
During the 2015 Korea Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak, a lymphoma patient developed MERS pneumonia. His pneumonia improved by 45 days after illness onset, but the polymerase chain reaction tests remained (+) for 6 months. However, replication-competent virus was detected by 60 days after illness onset.
Intradiscal Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for Discogenic Low Back Pain and Correlation with Platelet Concentration: A Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Jain Dhruv , Goyal Titiksha , Verma Nimisha , Paswan Anil Kumar , Dubey Rajeev Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective
Discogenic pain is common cause of low back ache and may result in significant morbidity. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an upcoming regenerative therapy that has treatment potential for this condition. The objective of this study was to correlate platelet concentration in intradiscal PRP injection with improvement in low back pain and functional status at three and six months.

Design
Prospective single-arm interventional study.

Setting
Outpatient pain clinic and operation theater.

Subjects
Twenty-five patients with discogenic pain diagnosed by clinical means and imaging with confirmation by provocative discography were recruited.

Methods
The patients received PRP injection at a single or multiple disc levels. Preprocedure numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were calculated. Platelet counts of patients and PRP samples were measured. At three and six months postprocedure, NRS and ODI scores were measured, and improvement in these scores was correlated with platelet concentrations in the PRP sample.

Results
Twenty patients completed the study. The improvement in NRS and ODI scores positively correlated with platelet concentrations in the PRP sample. We determined the correlation coefficient (r) of platelet concentrations with a reduction in NRS at three months (r = 0.65) and six months (r = 0.73) and in ODI score at three months (r = 0.72) and six months (r = 0.7).

Conclusions
This study supports the use of intradiscal PRP for treatment of discogenic pain with preferably higher platelet counts to elicit a favorable response.
EFFECT OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS ON OCCUPATIONAL DOSES TO WORKERS OF AN OLD MANGANESE MINE
Authors: Monged Mohamed H E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this work was to use RESRAD-Build model to predict the resulting external and internal radiological doses received by the workers of manganese mine located in Southern Sinai. In order to achieve that goal, measurement of the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in rock samples collected from the inside gallery of such mine, using hyper pure germanium (HPGe) detector. Radon gas concentrations were also measured. The average activity concentrations of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 210Pb in rock samples were 207.3, 155.5, 59.7, 304.5 and 119.3 Bq kg–1, respectively. The average radon activity concentration was 1254.6 Bqm−3, which is equivalent to 0.135 WL. The radon concentration increases further as going deep inside the mine up to 6238 Bqm−3. RESRAD-Build model occupational effective dose equivalent (EDE) received by the workers, from natural radionuclides, dominated by 222Rn emanated from the parent nuclide 226Ra.There was good agreement between the occupational annual EDE calculated from the measured rock samples and that predicted by modeling, with estimated values of 83.8 and 82.1 mSvy−1, respectively. This radiological dose assessment indicated the predominance of internal pathways owing to radon decay products, in both cases (measured and modeled). The occupational radiological dose from the inhalation of radon and radon decay products resulted in a high lung cancer risk based on the current measurements and ventilation conditions within the mine.
Association between Dietary Antioxidant Quality Score and Anthropometric Measurements in Children and Adolescents: The Weight Disorders Survey of the CASPIAN-IV Study
Authors: Azizi-Soleiman Fatemeh , Khoshhali Mehri , Heidari-Beni Motahar , Qorbani Mostafa , Kelishadi Roya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Limited experience exists on the relationship between anthropometric measures and dietary antioxidant intake in the pediatric age group. We aimed to investigate the association of dietary antioxidants intake and anthropometric measurement in children and adolescents.

Methods
This nationwide study was conducted in 4270 children and adolescents, aged 6–18 years. Demographic and anthropometric data were assessed. Children and adolescents were classified as underweight, healthy weight or overweight/obese based on body mass index percentiles. Dietary intake was obtained by a 168-item semi-quantitative validated food frequency questionnaire. Energy and nutrients intake was estimated using the Nutritionist IV software. Dietary antioxidant quality score (DAQS) was calculated based on the daily dietary intake of selenium, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E compared with daily recommended intake.

Results
After adjustment for age, gender, living area (rural or urban), energy intake and physical activity level, DAQS was positively associated with waist circumference (WC), hip circumference and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in under-weight children and adolescents (B = 1.614, 1.634 and 0.01, respectively; all ps &lt; 0.05). Increased DAQS was significantly associated with higher WC and WHtR in normal–weight children and adolescents (B = 0.536 and 0.003, respectively; all ps &lt;0.05).

Conclusion
Dietary intakes of some antioxidants were higher in children and adolescents with excess weight. DAQS was correlated with some anthropometric measurements in under-weight and normal-weight subjects. It can provide a novel approach to assess the role of antioxidant intake on health promotion and diet-based therapies in under-weight and normal-weight children and adolescents
VII Shakespeare
Authors: Young Jennifer , Smith Peter J , Parsons Elinor , Tarantino Elisabetta , Stelzer Emanuel , Bell Shirley , Haworth Ben , Lim Vanessa , O’Brien Sheilagh Ilona , Wilkinson Kate 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis chapter has four sections: 1. Editions and Textual Studies; 2. Shakespeare in the Theatre; 3. Shakespeare on Screen; 4. Criticism. Section 1 is by Jennifer Young; section 2 is by Peter J. Smith; section 3 is by Elinor Parsons; section 4(a) is by Elisabetta Tarantino; section 4(b) is by Emanuel Stelzer; section 4(c) is by Shirley Bell; section 4(d) is by Ben Haworth; section 4(e) is by Vanessa Lim; section 4(f) is by Sheilagh Ilona O’Brien; section 4(g) is by Kate Wilkinson.
Building Teams and Trust
Authors: Thrall Terese Hudson 
Published: July 2020

This year, Ann Marie T. Brooks, PhD, MBA, RN, FAAN, FACHE, FNAP, President at Mount Carmel College of Nursing, Columbus, Ohio, received the American Organization for Nursing Leadership's (AONL's) prestigious Lifetime Achievement Award, which honors an AONL member recognized by the nursing community as a significant leader in the nursing profession and who has served AONL in an important leadership capacity. Brooks served as president of the AONL board of directors and previously received AONL's Mentor Award. In her career, she held a series of executive nurse positions at universities, academic health centers, and community hospitals, such as dean at the Catholic University of America and chief nurse executive at Strong Memorial Hospital, Rochester, New York.
Dr Brooks has extensive global nursing leadership experience including serving as chief nursing officer at King Faisal Hospital & Research Centre in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Her experience as a Magnet® appraiser for the past 18 years keeps her current with how nurse leaders and clinical nurses develop and embed leading practices in nursing and healthcare. To learn more about her insights and hopes for nurse leaders, AONL Managing Editor Terese Hudson Thrall posed these questions.
Creating Microclimates of Change
Authors: Werlau Timothy , Soares-Sardinha Sharmila , Overman Angela S. , Chutz Jennifer , Emory Jennifer , Jones Carla M. , Lee Gretchen , Smith-Miller Cheryl A. 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES
Study objectives were to: 1) explore how nursing care quality data (NCQD) was understood and interpreted; and 2) identify, compare, and contrast individual and group responses.

BACKGROUND
Little evidence exists on how to best disseminate NCQD information. This study explores the outcomes of implementing an NCQD and human-interest information slide show across an inpatient surgery nursing service line using electronic screens.

METHODS
Methods included semistructured interviews, qualitative analysis, and diagramming.

RESULTS
The human-interest content most often attracted viewers' attention, but they were also exposed to NCQD. Interpretations and understandings differed among groups and between individuals. Among staff members, the human-interest content facilitated team-building, whereas NCQD provided meaningful recognition. Nursing care quality data evidenced the efforts that were being made to improve and provide excellent patient care.

CONCLUSIONS
Using innovative dissemination methods can enhance understanding of NCQD among clinical providers. Creating microclimates of change and innovation within complex healthcare environments can benefit staff members and patients.
Confirmed central olfactory system lesions on brain MRI in COVID-19 patients with anosmia: a case-series
Authors: Girardeau Yannick , Gallois Yoan , De Bonnecaze Guillaume , Escudé Bernard , Lafont Clarisse , Chattelier Gilles , Marx Mathieu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveAnosmia has been listed as a key-symptom associated with the COVID-19 infection. Because it often occurs without any sign of rhinitis, lesions of the central olfactory system have been suspected. To date, however, there is no evidence that anosmia caused by SARS-CoV2 could be the result of brain damage.MethodsWe conducted a case-series on 10 consecutive COVID-19 patients who reported anosmia. Each patient prospectively underwent a validated olfactory test (Sniffin’ Sticks test) and a brain MRI. Results Hypersignal intensity lesions of the central olfactory system were found in 3 subjects on 3D T2 FLAIR and 2D T2 High Resolution images with a lesion involving the olfactory bulbs and/or the orbitofrontal cortex. These 3 subjects showed a severe and persistent loss of smell on the olfactory test. Mucosal hyperplasia of the upper nasal cavities was found in two other subjects with significant smell disorders. There was no MRI anomaly in two subjects with good smell restoration.ConclusionsAnomalies of the central olfactory system could be responsible for anosmia in patients with COVID-19 infection. Further studies are needed to assess the impact on long-term functional prognosis of these lesions.Key ResultCentral anomalies of the olfactory bulb and cortex could be responsible for anosmia in COVID-19 infection
The risk of severe COVID-19: hospital and ICU admission rates in Norway
Authors: Munkvik Morten , Alsnes Ingvild Vatten , Vatten Lars 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiological studies of COVID-19 with population based information may add to the knowledge needed to prioritise resources and advice on how restrictive measures should be targeted. This study provides admission rates to hospitals and intensive care units (ICU) in Norway, aiming to better understand the risk of severe COVID-19 infection.MethodsData from official reports from The Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH) and the Norwegian Directorate of Health were used to calculate admission rates to hospitals and to ICU per 100 000 inhabitants. We compared rates of hospitalisation between the four health regions and provide separate rates for Oslo. We also assessed national admissions to ICU stratified by age.ResultsThe admission rate in the south-eastern region was 3.1 per 100 000, and the rate for Oslo was 5.8. Compared to the western region (reference), the Oslo rate was 4.0 times (confidence interval (CI) 3.0-5.5) higher. In Norway as a whole, the rate of ICU admissions was 3.9 per 100 000, and in the age groups 60-69 and 70-79, ICU rates were 10.3 and 11.5, respectively. These rates were 9.5 (CI 6.3-14.3) and 10.6 (CI 6.9-16.2) times higher compared to people younger than 50 years.ConclusionHospital admissions due to Covid-19 are much higher in Oslo than anywhere else in Norway, and in the country as a whole, ICU admissions are highest among people 60-79 years of age. These results and more detailed data could provide better advice on how restrictions can be safely lessened.
Outcomes of Advanced Malignant Melanoma in a South African Public Health Sector Cohort: The Urgent Need for Effective Therapy
Authors: Molefi Thulo , Med Cert 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundImmunotherapy and molecularly targeted therapy have revolutionised the treatment of malignant melanoma, however for South Africa’s public health sector patient population, these treatment modalities are far out of reach and chemotherapy remains the only treatment option.AimTo evaluate the outcomes of advanced melanoma and determine the need for therapies other than conventional chemotherapy in South Africa’s public health sector.SettingThe Department of Medical Oncology, Steve Biko Academic hospital (SBAH), Pretoria, South Africa.MethodsFiles of patients with advanced malignant melanoma managed at SBAH, from 01 January 2009 to 31 December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsOne hundred files meeting the inclusion criteria were analysed, 24 with regional (stage III) and 76 with metastatic (stage IV) disease. 23 (96%) patients with regional disease didn’t receive adjuvant therapy and had a median time to progression (mTTP) of 12 months (95%CI; 8.9-15.0). Within the metastatic melanoma cohort, 34 (79.1%) patients received chemotherapy and had a median overall survival (mOS) of 5 months (95% CI; 4.3-5.6), while patients that didn’t receive chemotherapy had a mOS of 2 months (95% CI; 0.8-3.1) (p=0.213).ConclusionThese results reaffirm the impotent effects of chemotherapy in treating malignant melanoma and it is imperative that South Africa’s public health sector expands its armamentarium against this lethal disease.
Using Machine-Learning for Prediction of the Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: the SMART-AV Study
Authors: Howell Stacey J. , Stivland Tim , Stein Kenneth , Ellenbogen Kenneth A. , Tereshchenko Larisa G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is a controversy whether the response of both sexes to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is similar. Optimal CRT delivery requires procedure planning.ObjectiveTo apply machine learning (ML) to develop a prediction model for CRT response.MethodsParticipants from the SmartDelay Determined AV Optimization (SMART-AV) trial (n=741; age, 66 ±11 yrs; 33% female; 100% NYHA III-IV; 100% EF≤35%) were randomly split into training & testing (80%; n=593), and validation (20%; n=148) samples. The entropy balancing procedure was used to match for the means of 30 covariates in male and female groups. Baseline clinical, ECG, echocardiographic and biomarker characteristics, and left ventricular (LV) lead position (43 variables) were included in 6 ML models (random forests, convolutional neural network, lasso, adaptive lasso, plugin lasso, elastic net, ridge, and logistic regression). A composite of freedom from death and heart failure hospitalization and a >15% reduction in LV end-systolic volume index at 6-months post-CRT was the endpoint.ResultsThe primary endpoint was met by 337 patients (45.5%). Weighting resulted in a perfect balance of means of covariates in men and women. After reweighting, CRT response for women versus men was similar (OR 1.53; 95%CI 0.88-2.65; P=0.131). The adaptive lasso model was more accurate than class I ACC/AHA guidelines criteria (AUC 0.759; 95%CI 0.678-0.840 versus 0.639; 95%CI 0.554-0.722;P<0.0001), well-calibrated, and parsimonious (19 predictors; nearly half are potentially modifiable).ConclusionsAfter balancing for covariates, both sexes similarly benefit from CRT. ML predicts short-term CRT response and thus may help with CRT procedure planning.
The impact of climate temperature on counts, recovery, and death rates due to SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa
Authors: Chetty Naven , Adeleye Bamise , Ilori Abiola Olawale 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe impact of climate temperature on the counts (number of positive COVID-19 cases reported), recovery, and death rates of COVID-19 cases in South Africa’s nine provinces was investigated. The data for confirmed cases of COVID-19 were collected for March 25 and June 30, 2020 (14 weeks) from South Africa’s Government COVID-19 online resource, while the daily provincial climate temperatures were collected from the website of the South African Weather Service. Our result indicates that a higher or lower climate temperature does not prevent or delay the spread and death rates but shows significant positive impacts on the recovery rates of COVID-19 patients. Thus, it indicates that the climate temperature is unlikely to impose a strict limit on the spread of COVID-19. There is no correlation between the cases and death rates, an indicator that no particular temperature range is closely associated with a faster or slower death rate of COVID-19 patients. As evidence from our study, a warm climate temperature can only increase the recovery rate of COVID-19 patients, ultimately impacting the death and active case rates and freeing up resources quicker to enable health facilities to deal with those patients’ climbing rates who need treatment.