bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of bias in studies investigating novel diagnostic biomarkers for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. A systematic review
Authors: Henkens Michiel T.H.M. , Remmelzwaal Sharon , Robinson Emma L. , van Ballegooijen Adriana J. , Barandiarán Aizpurua Arantxa , Verdonschot Job A.J. , Raafs Anne G. , Weerts Jerremy , Hazebroek Mark R. , Sanders‐van Wijk Sandra , Handoko M. Louis , den Ruijter Hester M. , Lam Carolyn S.P. , de Boer Rudolf A. , Paulus Walter J. , van Empel Vanessa P.M. , Vos Rein , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Beulens Joline W.J. , Heymans Stephane R.B. 
Published: June 2020

AimDiagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in the non‐acute setting remains challenging. Natriuretic peptides have limited value for this purpose, and a multitude of studies investigating novel diagnostic circulating biomarkers have not resulted in their implementation. This review aims to provide an overview of studies investigating novel circulating biomarkers for the diagnosis of HFpEF and determine their risk of bias (ROB).Methods and resultsA systematic literature search for studies investigating novel diagnostic HFpEF circulating biomarkers in humans was performed up until 21 April 2020. Those without diagnostic performance measures reported, or performed in an acute heart failure population were excluded, leading to a total of 28 studies. For each study, four reviewers determined the ROB within the QUADAS‐2 domains: patient selection, index test, reference standard, and flow and timing. At least one domain with a high ROB was present in all studies. Use of case‐control/two‐gated designs, exclusion of difficult‐to‐diagnose patients, absence of a pre‐specified cut‐off value for the index test without the performance of external validation, the use of inappropriate reference standards and unclear timing of the index test and/or reference standard were the main bias determinants. Due to the high ROB and different patient populations, no meta‐analysis was performed.ConclusionThe majority of current diagnostic HFpEF biomarker studies have a high ROB, reducing the reproducibility and the potential for clinical care. Methodological well‐designed studies with a uniform reference diagnosis are urgently needed to determine the incremental value of circulating biomarkers for the diagnosis of HFpEF.
Production of hydrocarbon rich fuel from abandoned beehive by pyrolysis
Authors: Chowdhury Amrita R. , Sabat Gayatri , Gouda Narayan , Panda Achyut K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis work reports the possible conversion of beeswax to fuel oil through pyrolysis to produce an alternate and renewable fuel. The kinetics and thermodynamics of the thermal decomposition of beehive wax and pure beeswax is evaluated using a thermogravimetric analyser under non‐isothermal condition at different heating rates of 05, 10, 20°C/min in the temperature range from 30 to 600°C in nitrogen atmosphere. The first order model fitting method (Coats–Redfern method) is applied on the thermogravimetric analysis data of the samples to calculate the kinetic parameters including activation energy and pre‐exponential factor, and thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change, entropy change, and free energy change of the reaction. The activation energy values were 80.8 and 79.7 kJ/mol of beehive wax and pure beeswax, respectively. Higher heating rate affected not only the temperature of maximum weight loss, but also the apparent activation energy. The enthalpy change and entropy change of the process is found to be in the range of 7 × 104 J/mol and −1.5 × 102 J K−1 mol−1, respectively, which infers the reaction to be endothermic and non‐spontaneous. The samples are subjected to thermal degradation in a semi‐batch reactor at different temperature from 400 to 500°C, with a maximum oil yield of 55.60% at 450°C. The oil product obtained are found to be hydrocarbon rich (88%)with few oxygenated components. The product distribution and composition is found to be significantly affected by the temperature.
Calculation of the real daily and monthly mean working temperature of a photovoltaic plant
Authors: Cui Yongqin , Sun Jiahuan , Xiao Jianhua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAccurately predicting the production of a photovoltaic (PV) plant is essential to its economic evaluation. Ambient temperature is a major environmental factor affecting how much power a PV plant generates. However, weather bureaus in most developing countries can only provide the daily or monthly mean ambient temperatures, rather than the real mean working temperature in the vicinity of the PV plant. Moreover, the difference between the real daily or monthly mean working temperature and the corresponding daily or monthly mean temperature is large in the Gobi, desert, and Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau, causing some errors in some present PV power predictive models. Using Datafit 9.0 software in this paper, regression equations were created for Beiluhe (Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau) and Desert Knowledge Australia Solar Centre (DKASC) (desert) data relating the difference of the real daily or monthly mean working temperature and the corresponding mean temperature (Y factor) as well as the daily or monthly temperature difference (X factor). One general equation: Td10d = 1.290 + 0.475 × Tdmm − 1.331 × Tdmm0.5 (Equation 6) could represent all of the regression equations obtained from the Beiluhe and DKASC data. These basic findings are valuable for improving accuracy of present PV power predictive model by including the daily or monthly mean air temperature. Another, the research result will be helpful for PV plant site selection and evaluation.
Synthesis of sodium titanate catalysts using a factorial design for biodiesel production
Authors: Machorro López Jonathan J. , Lázaro Ana Lilia , Rodriguez‐Valadez Francisco J. , Espejel‐Ayala Fabricio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this work, the synthesis of sodium titanate for the biodiesel production was evaluated with emphasis on the synthesis parameters of titanates in the conversion of vegetable oil to biodiesel. Sodium titanate catalysts were synthesized via sol–gel hydrothermal method and tested as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production, using a factorial design 2k. Four experimental factors were considered: NaOH concentration, hydrothermal temperature, TiO2/NaOH ratio, and calcination temperature, using as response variable the catalysts activity in soybean oil conversion to biodiesel. Titanates were characterized by XRD, SEM, and N2 physisorption techniques. The presence of tri and hexatitanate were confirmed. Trititanate was the most efficient in the conversion of soybean oil to biodiesel, achieving around 80% with an alcohol:oil molar ratio of 6:1 at 55°C for 5 hr and 300 rpm. Among the trititanate catalysts, the best performing sample showed a surface area of 217 m2/g with a porous size average of 4.8 nm related to nanotube structure with inter and intra particle mesoporosity. Conditions to prepare the efficient performing catalyst were as follows: NaOH concentration, 7.5 M; hydrothermal temperature, 130°C; TiO2/NaOH ratio, 0.06 g/mL; and calcination temperature, 600°C.
Short‐term GAA loading: Responders versus nonresponders analysis
Authors: Ostojic Sergej M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDietary guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) has been suggested to be advantageous for favorable changes in tissue bioenergetics in terms of responder versus nonresponder performance, yet no studies so far explored the proportion of two distinct populations following short‐term GAA intervention. A secondary analysis of previously completed guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) trials has been carried out in aim to classify individuals into responders and nonresponders using cut‐off criteria for an increase in intramuscular creatine. A total of 30 individuals (mean age = 34.5 years, women 66.7%) who were supplemented with up to 3 g/day of GAA for at least 28 days with total muscle creatine evaluated using 1.5 T magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies were included in this examination. Pre–post measures included total creatine content (creatine plus phosphocreatine) determined from the quadriceps muscle, with participants were classified by arbitrary cut‐off points in three categories, including responders (>10% increase in total creatine content at follow‐up), quasi‐responders (5%–10% increase), and nonresponders (<5% increase in total intramuscular creatine at postadministration). An average change in total creatine content after GAA supplementation was 22.9%, with 13.3% participants were categorized as nonresponders, 6.6% as quasi‐responders, and 80.0% as responders (p < .001). A fairly high prevalence of individuals sensitive to dietary GAA advances this innovative agent as a rather effective tool to improve muscle creatine levels for at least 10% or more during 28‐day loading.
Schwann cells selectively myelinate primary motor axons via neuregulin‐ErbB signaling
Authors: Lee Dong‐Won , Kim Eunmi , Jeong Inyoung , Kim Hwan‐Ki , Kim Suhyun , Park Hae‐Chul 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSpinal motor neurons project their axons out of the spinal cord via the motor exit point (MEP) and regulate their target muscle fibers for diverse behaviors. Several populations of glial cells including Schwann cells, MEP glia, and perineurial glia are tightly associated with spinal motor axons in nerve fascicles. Zebrafish have two types of spinal motor neurons, primary motor neurons (PMNs) and secondary motor neurons (SMNs). PMNs are implicated in the rapid response, whereas SMNs are implicated in normal and slow movements. However, the precise mechanisms mediating the distinct functions of PMNs and SMNs in zebrafish are unclear. In this study, we found that PMNs were myelinated by MEP glia and Schwann cells, whereas SMNs remained unmyelinated at the examined stages. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that myelinated PMNs solely innervated fast muscle through a distributed neuromuscular junction (NMJ), whereas unmyelinated SMNs innervated both fast and slow muscle through distributed and myoseptal NMJs, respectively, indicating that myelinated PMNs could provide rapid responses for startle and escape movements, while unmyelinated SMNs regulated normal, slow movement. Further, we demonstrate that neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) type III‐ErbB signaling provides a key instructive signal that determines the myelination of primary motor axons by MEP glia and Schwann cells. Perineurial glia ensheathed unmyelinated secondary motor axons and myelinated primary motor nerves. Ensheathment required interaction with both MEP glia and Schwann cells. Collectively, these data suggest that primary and secondary motor neurons contribute to the regulation of movement in zebrafish with distinct patterns of myelination.
Brain structural connectome in relation to PRRT2 mutations in paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia
Authors: Li Lei , Lei Du , Suo Xueling , Li Xiuli , Yang Chen , Yang Tianhua , Ren Jiechuan , Chen Guangxiang , Zhou Dong , Kemp Graham J. , Gong Qiyong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study explored the topological characteristics of brain white matter structural networks in patients with Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia (PKD), and the potential influence of the brain network stability gene PRRT2 on the structural connectome in PKD. Thirty‐five PKD patients with PRRT2 mutations (PKD‐M), 43 PKD patients without PRRT2 mutations (PKD‐N), and 40 demographically‐matched healthy control (HC) subjects underwent diffusion tensor imaging. Graph theory and network‐based statistic (NBS) approaches were performed; the topological properties of the white matter structural connectome were compared across the groups, and their relationships with the clinical variables were assessed. Both disease groups PKD‐M and PKD‐N showed lower local efficiency (implying decreased segregation ability) compared to the HC group; PKD‐M had longer characteristic path length and lower global efficiency (implying decreased integration ability) compared to PKD‐N and HC, independently of the potential effects of medication. Both PKD‐M and PKD‐N had decreased nodal characteristics in the left thalamus and left inferior frontal gyrus, the alterations being more pronounced in PKD‐M patients, who also showed abnormalities in the left fusiform and bilateral middle temporal gyrus. In the connectivity characteristics assessed by NBS, the alterations were more pronounced in the PKD‐M group versus HC than in PKD‐N versus HC. As well as the white matter alterations in the basal ganglia‐thalamo‐cortical circuit related to PKD with or without PRRT2 mutations, findings in the PKD‐M group of weaker small‐worldness and more pronounced regional disturbance show the adverse effects of PRRT2 gene mutations on brain structural connectome.
The effects of paid sick leave on worker absenteeism and health care utilization
Authors: Chen Jie , Meyerhoefer Chad D. , Peng Lizhong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe estimate the short‐term effects of paid sick leave on worker absenteeism and health care utilization in the United States using data from the 2000–2013 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. We use both parametric and matching‐based difference‐in‐differences methods to account for nonrandom selection into jobs that offer paid sick leave and estimate the treatment effect separately for workers who gained and lost sick leave benefits. We find consistent evidence of increased absenteeism among female workers who gained paid sick leave but not for other groups. Estimates for office‐based visits are mostly statistically insignificant and may not have a causal interpretation due to preexisting trends.
iRhom2 Promotes Hepatic Steatosis by Activating MAP3K7‐Dependent Pathway
Authors: Xu Minxuan , Ge Chenxu , Zhu Liancai , Qin Yuting , Du Chengjiang , Lou Deshuai , Li Qiang , Hu Linfeng , Sun Yan , Dai Xianling , Xiong Mingxin , Long Tingting , Zhan Jianxia , Kuang Qin , Li Huanhuan , Yang Qiufeng , Huang Ping , Teng Xuepeng , Feng Jing , Wu Yekuan , Dong Wei , Wang Bochu , Tan Jun 
Published: June 2020

Background and Aims
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been widely recognized as a precursor to metabolic complications. Elevated inflammation levels are predictive of NAFLD‐associated metabolic disorder. Inactive rhomboid‐like protein 2 (iRhom2) is regarded as a key regulator in inflammation. However, the precise mechanisms by which iRhom2‐regulated inflammation promotes NAFLD progression remain to be elucidated.

Approach and Results
Here, we report that insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and specific macrophage inflammatory activation are significantly alleviated in iRhom2‐deficient (knockout [KO]) mice, but aggravated in iRhom2 overexpressing mice. We further show that, mechanistically, in response to a high‐fat diet (HFD), iRhom2 KO mice and mice with iRhom2 deficiency in myeloid cells only showed less severe hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance than controls. Inversely, transplantation of bone marrow cells from healthy mice to iRhom2 KO mice expedited the severity of insulin resistance and hepatic dyslipidemia. Of note, in response to HFD, hepatic iRhom2 binds to mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 (MAP3K7) to facilitate MAP3K7 phosphorylation and nuclear factor kappa B cascade activation, thereby promoting the activation of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase/insulin receptor substrate 1 signaling, but disturbing AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3β–associated insulin signaling. The iRhom2/MAP3K7 axis is essential for iRhom2‐regulated liver steatosis.

Conclusions
iRhom2 may represent a therapeutic target for the treatment of HFD‐induced hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance.
Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with hematologic malignancies
Authors: Serrao Alessandra , Fiori Luciano , Santoro Cristina , De Luca Maria L. , Ferretti Antonietta , De Luca Giulia , Ligia Silvio , Lapietra Gianfranco , Mohamed Sara , Breccia Massimo , Chistolini Antonio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe anticoagulant treatment for patients with hematologic malignancies is low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), which is considered the safest in this particular patients setting. Although direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have proven their efficacy and safety in patients with cancer, their use can be challenging in patients with hematologic malignancies due to the peculiarity of these neoplasms: high thrombotic risk, possible onset of thrombocytopenia and concomitant anticancer therapies. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DOACs for venous thromboembolism or atrial fibrillation in patients with hematologic malignancies and plasmatic DOACs level during anticancer therapy and at time of bleeding or thrombotic complications. We evaluated patients with hematologic malignancies treated with DOACs for venous thromboembolism or atrial fibrillation—therapy was maintained until the platelet count was ≥50 × 109/L. In case of concomitant anticancer treatment and haemorrhagic or thrombotic events, we checked DOACs plasma levels (trough and peak). The patients evaluated were 135: 104/135 were on anticancer therapy. We did not observe either thrombotic or major haemorrhagic adverse events. Minor bleedings occurred in 10 patients and clinical relevant non‐major (CRNM) in two patients. There was a statistically significant correlation between bleedings and myelodysplastic syndrome. DOACs resulted effective and safe in patients with hematologic malignancies. DOACs plasma level can be helpful in suggesting an early dose adjustment to prevent haemorrhagic adverse event in patients on concomitant anticancer therapy. Larger prospective studies including hematologic patients are warranted to confirm the safety and efficacy of DOACs.
Illuminating novel biological aspects and potential new therapeutic approaches for chronic myeloproliferative malignancies
Authors: Mughal Tariq I. , Pemmaraju Naveen , Psaila Bethan , Radich Jerald , Bose Prithviraj , Lion Thomas , Kiladjian Jean‐Jacques , Rampal Raajit , Jain Tania , Verstovsek Srdnan , Yacoub Abdulraheem , Cortes Jorge E. , Mesa Ruben , Saglio Giuseppe , van Etten Richard A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis review reflects the presentations and discussion at the 14th post‐American Society of Hematology (ASH) International Workshop on Chronic Myeloproliferative Malignancies, which took place on the December 10 and 11, 2019, immediately after the 61st ASH Annual Meeting in Orlando, Florida. Rather than present a resume of the proceedings, we address some of the topical translational science research and clinically relevant topics in detail. We consider how recent studies using single‐cell genomics and other molecular methods reveal novel aspects of hematopoiesis which in turn raise the possibility of new therapeutic approaches for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). We discuss how alternative therapies could benefit patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who develop BCR‐ABL1 mutant subclones following ABL1‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. In MPNs, we focus on efforts beyond JAK‐STAT and the merits of integrating activin receptor ligand traps, interferon‐α, and allografting in the current treatment algorithm for patients with myelofibrosis.
Core and peripheral organisations in prevention: Insights from social network analysis
Authors: Held Fabian , Hawe Penelope , Roberts Nick , Conte Kathleen , Riley Therese 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIssueFormal (eg funded) community‐level organisational collaborations are becoming more common in prevention. Rapid methods to assess organisational relationships could allow us to consider the significance of any pre‐existing relationship patterns in communities that might impact on collaboration effectiveness. Insights may identify new options for practice.MethodsWe used social network analysis to study organisations engaged in prevention but not (yet) part of a formal purposive collaboration. Within a single community, we identified organisations providing programs in chronic disease prevention. We used whole network analysis methods to describe the extent to which organisations were aware, had contact, coordinated activity and/or collaborated more intensively. We also identified the contribution made to prevention locally. Results were compared with key informant interviews.ResultsThere was an identifiable network structure, with more relationships across the network than one would expect by chance. The network had a core‐periphery structure, meaning that, in terms of the relationships we measured, there were highly connected organisations who were strongly interlinked with each other (the core), alongside less connected organisations that were linked to the core but not to each other (the periphery). Core organisations were significantly more likely to have expertise in prevention and to have prevention staff.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, it is new to identify inherent or “pre‐existing” core‐periphery structures in interorganisational health promotion. Yet, core‐periphery structures are common in many social settings. They advantage entities in the core and are prone to further entrenchment.So what?Our results map and quantify intuitive understandings about organisational “key players”, thus enabling practitioners/organisations to critically reflect on what their role should be when it comes to activating communities ie to embed, or attempt to counterbalance, pre‐existing power structures.
Student‐driven partnerships enhancing oral health literacy
Authors: Kempster Clinton , Gray Jennifer , Burman Kyla 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIssue addressedThis brief report documents teaching practice that has facilitated deeper connections between Bachelor of Oral Health (BOH) students at The University of Adelaide and community support agencies to promote increased health literacy and confidence to seek care amongst marginalised populations. The aim was to increase the capacity of marginalised groups “to access, understand, appraise and apply information to make effective decisions about health and health care” (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. Hlth Lit; 2014. Available from: https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/standards/nsqhs‐standards/partnering‐consumers‐standard/health‐literacy. Accessed January 21, 2020).MethodsThe health promotion curriculum in the BOH course at The University of Adelaide encourages students to focus on health literacy, equity and partnerships in the development of several small targeted health promotion programs. Students co‐create, implement and evaluate these programs, engaging community groups, supportive partners and industry stakeholders in a range of unique ways.ResultsSustainable relationships have been established and are growing with partner organisations. As these relationships strengthen, so too does the trust, creative licence, innovation and promotion of the students’ involvement directly or indirectly with community. That leads to more frequent touch points with community and greater community buy‐in. As familiarity increases, so too does community health literacy and confidence to enter oral health care pathways.ConclusionStrategically planned activity outside of dental setting has the potential to draw community members and dental service providers together, with the enhancement of health literacy and access amongst at‐risk populations, an important by‐product.So what?There seems great potential for further benefits to be realised by oral health students and members of the public when there is multi‐stakeholder involvement in co‐created health promotion initiatives, that see students further engage with community outside clinical environments.