bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of prospects for the use of unicellular hydrobionts as test objects in the study of biotoxicity of ultradispersed metal particles
Authors: Aleshina E S , Drozdova E A , Pavlinova A S , Sizova EA 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Active development of nanomaterials in various areas of human activity leads to their intensive release into the environment. Nanomaterials in aquatic ecosystems are of particular concern, leading to changes in water quality and dangerous for representatives of aquabiocenosis - aquatic invertebrates, bioaccumulating technogenic nanoparticles. In this regard, studies on the selection of an optimal test object from representatives of hydrobionts, having the most adequate response to various, including toxic, effects of nanomaterials, with further prospect of determining the potential risks that arise when they enter aquatic biocenoses are relevant. Cultures of freshwater ciliate of Stylonychia mytilus (wild strain) in the phase of exponential growth and Paramecium caudatum were selected as the objects of the study. Survival was a determined parameter. 9 laboratory preparations of ultradispersed particles of metals (zinc, copper, ferrum, argentum, cobalt, titanium, aluminum, molybdenum, nickel) were used in studies. The analysis of the effects of ultradispersed metal particles revealed a negative biological effect on Paramecium caudatum and Stylonychia mytilus. Paramecium caudatum was the most sensitive to increasing concentrations of nanoparticles, as evidenced by the death of individuals after 10 minutes of contact. In turn, the death of Stylonychia mytilus was observed only at the 60th minute of exposure. Based on the above, Paramecium caudatum culture can be proposed as an express test object, giving a response at the 10th minute of the experiment. For studies assessing various types of toxicity that require a longer contact time, Stylonychia mytilus is a more suitable test object, since the effect of nanoparticles on the cell can be observed for 60-180 minutes or more.
Hepatotoxic effect evaluation of probiotic medication of candidates for elemental status correction of animals based on research of biochemical blood indicators
Authors: Klimova T A , Kondrashova K S , Holodilina T N , Barysheva E S , Sizentsov A N , Vanshin V V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the data of possible application of probiotic medications, based on the bacteria of genus Bacillus as micronutrient medication for correction of mineral deficiency conditions that have the ability to accumulate metals, in order to deliver zinc-ions in the body of laboratory animals. The choice of the research objects of probiotic medications on the basis of bacteria Bacillus: Vetom 1.1 (the strain of B. subtilis 10641) and Vetom 3(the strain of B. amyloliquefaciens 10642) is conditioned by the high depositing characteristics given by the microorganisms of essential elements, in particular zinc, from the different inorganic compounds. The evaluation of accumulation of bioavailable zinc forms was carried out on the laboratory rats as models. The inactivated biomass of bacteria, after long periodical cultivation in a liquid nutrient medium with zinc sulfate, was orally injected in their bodies. One of the main criteria for the development of medication candidates besides the evaluation of delivery effectiveness is the absence of pathological effects on the body of laboratory animals. To implement this task, we evaluated the hepatotoxic effect of applied medications on the basis of research of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase level in a blood serum throughout the experiment. The obtained data indicates the absence of pathological effects on hepatocytes, as the concentration of researched biochemical indicators was within the reference values throughout the experiment.
Effect of iron, copper and molybdenum nanoparticles on morphometric parameters of Solanum tuberosum L. plants
Authors: Mushinskiy A A , Aminova E V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Over the past decade, nanotechnology caused the need for rigorous research on ultrafine nanomaterials which enhance productivity and quality of agricultural products. However, most studies are controversial; it is difficult to compare doses of nanoparticles and types of plants. In the experiment, nanoparticles of Fe (90–110 nm), Cu (50–110 nm) and Mo (100–120 nm) at four concentrations with a geometric progression were used to treat potato tubers. Germination energy was determined according to GOST 12038-84; the content of photosynthetic pigments was determined according to the method by N. D. Smashevsky (2011), phytotoxicity was determined according to the method by Kazev K. (2013). Thus, the data indicate that treatment of Solánum tuberósum L. tubers with iron nanoparticles stimulated the growth of the length of sprouts (55.1% and 21.4%), roots (34.4% and 12.5%) and chlorophyll a (57 - 98%) at a concentration of 0.0125 … 0.025 M. At the same time, copper and molybdenum nanoparticles are ineffective by the significance of their effects on plants.
Cytogenetic homeostasis of African catfish in high-tech industrial aquaculture
Authors: Spirina E V , Romanova E M , Lyubomirova V N , Romanov V V , Mukhitova M E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a prospective object of aquaculture. It is fast-growing species, which growth period from larva to commodity fish makes only 6 months. Its meat is rich with essential fatty acids (omega-3) and satisfies modern requirements to healthy food. One of efficient ways to prevent stressful factors of fish cultivation in the conditions of industrial aquaculture is the use of complete feed. Biologically active agents, including probiotics, are important in the balance of feed macronutrients for cultivation of physiologically competent fish. Sporotermin is among effective probiotics. The purpose of the study was to define cytogenetic homeostasis of African sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at the introduction of probiotic Sporotermin into feed. The study was conducted during cultivation of catfish in hi-tech industrial aquaculture. The cytogenetic homeostasis was assessed via the micronucleus test. The micronucleus test on fish is used to assess the pollution of their habitat. The study also revealed differences in the frequency of micronuclei and their types between group of fish growing with and without probiotic Sporotermin. Sporotermin decreases cytogenetic homeostasis disorders. Thus, the number of cells with (a) micronuclei decreases from 0.4% to 0.075%. There are no cells with micronuclei of (b), (c), (d-I), (d-II) and (e) types against the background of application of Sporotermin as a feed additive. The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant No. 18-016-000127.
Increase in the intensity of life and yield of green crops due to plant growth and the development of regulatory chemicals
Authors: Lushnikova T A , Menshchikova Y B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Yearly agriculture longs to increase the yield of green crops with the help of different agrochemical methods such as application of organic and mineral fertilizers, creation of optimum moisture and temperature mode, dressing with growth-regulating chemicals and etc. In our work it is shown that under the influence of foliar treatment with zircon solution in the concentration of 0.001 mg/l and 1% of potassium sulfate solution the processes of photosynthesis and respiration are stimulated, plant water exchange is stabilized, which leads to growth and yield increase of cultures. The highest stimulating effect is due to simultaneous spraying by zircon and potassium sulfate, herewith the effect of these regulators is summarized, i.e. additive character of their interreacting is demonstrated. Foliar treatment with potassium sulfate compensate the lack of these elements in soil, which are necessary for many physiological processes of plants, in particular, for the synthesis of protein, vitamins, sugar, the regulation of water evaporation and etc. The study was carried out on the green crops of families Solanaceae (on the example of Solanum lycopersicum and Capsicum annuum) and Fabaceae (on the example of Pisum sativum) are indicative of these facts.
The use of polygenic designs in the creation of meat breeds of quail
Authors: Royter Ya S , Anshakov D V , Degtyareva T N , Degtyareva O N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The conserved gene pool of quails (breeds Pharaoh, Texas White) from the collection of “Genofond” LCC (Moscow Province) was used for the development of a new competitive breed of meat-type quails. Complex reproductive crossing with subsequent continuous selection for reproductive and productive performance during 11 generations resulted in new quail breed called “Radonezhskie”. The selection was performed with the use of traditional and innovative methods. The basis of bird selection was based on the selection of complex polygenic structures of quantitative traits in conjunction with their adaptive ability at the stages of growth, development, and productivity. The breed structurally consists of two types specialized on the productivity type. These two types consist of 12 genealogic lines and 117 families. During the process of selection live body weight (LBW) in the new breed was increased by 31.0%, feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased by 13.4%. Average LBW at 5 weeks of age is 290 g in males and 315 g in females; FCR 2.35; average mortality level 3.0%. At 6 weeks of age, these parameters are 330 g; 360 g; 2.95; 3.5%. The intense body growth in this fast-maturing breed occurs until 5-6 weeks of age, the onset of lay occurs at 7-8 weeks. Up to 5 generations could be obtained and evaluated within a year. The breed can, therefore, serve as a model for the genetic research in quails. The large-scale trials proved that the yield of poults per hen in the new breed is higher by 12.2%, LBW at slaughter age higher by 16.9% in compare to parental Texas White breed. High quality of products and lower production costs (by 13.4-27.2% in comparison to parental breeds Pharaoh and Texas White) determine the competitiveness of the new quail breed “Radonezhskie”.
Quality and safety of cow milk under conditions of ecological risk
Authors: Ostroukhova V I , Ananeva T V , Smolina G A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Public health is a key factor in the development of the country and a special direction of state policy aimed at controlling the quality and safety of food products. Milk produced in regions with persistent multifactorial technogenic pollution of habitat obj ects, causing a high risk of raw materials contamination can adversely affect human health and cause long-term negative effects. The quality and safety of milk is a complex indicator, based on presence of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and the absence of potentially dangerous substances, such as heavy metals, antibiotics and radionuclides. Produced in the conditions of megapolis, cow milk has shown good physico-chemical (freezing point – minus 0.533 °C; acidity – 16.30 °T; density – 28.4 °A) and technological (thermostability – 80.2 %) parameters and also good sanitary and hygienic properties (low bacterial contamination and somatic cells level, absence of pathogenic and opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms). No substances displacing technological processes during the production of dairy products (antibiotics), inhibitors and falsifiers were found in milk samples. Milk was characterized with minimal content of potentially hazardous substances (compounds of lead, cadmium and mercury). The detected 137Cs concentrations corresponded to the background level of the radionuclide content value. Cow milk produced in the environmental risks zone fully meets the requirements established by regulatory documents and can be used as a raw material for the production of high-quality and safe dairy products, including baby food.
Economic efficiency of mineral fertilizers use in grain and steam crop rotation
Authors: Plotnikov A M , Sozinov A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The results of economic efficiency of mineral fertilizers application in grain and steam crop rotation in the conditions of Zauralie are presented. Agronomic efficiency has been determined, in which the payback of 1 kg of active substance (e.g.) of fertilizers applied to the variant with the use of three batteries averaged 1.7-1.9 kg for 3 years, the maximum payback was observed in the variant with a minimum dose of P40 - 2.6 kg/kg. Calculation of economic efficiency has shown that at increase in a dose of mineral fertilizers and industrial expenses there is a decrease in a recoupment on 0.16-0.30 rbl.
Economic and mathematical modelling of regional market of grain crops
Authors: Tokarev K E , Rogachev A F , Pleschenko T V , Rudenko A Yu , Kuzmin V A 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe article dwells upon the theoretical and applied issues of modeling grain yield at the regional level. In particular, traditional models of optimization of branch structure of the regional market of grain crops are considered, the block-diagonal economic and mathematical model of market production of grain crops is offered. The implementation of the proposed model will allow developing conceptual and methodological approaches to the definition of strategies for the development of the market of grain crops, to forecast the volume of production of grain crops in the regional context.
Strategic management of modern financial requirements in agriculture
Authors: Samygin D Yu , Imyarekov S M , Tolmacheva N P , Kargin Yu I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article addresses the efficient management of current financial needs of agricultural goods producers. The purpose is to review current financial needs of agricultural goods producers and develop tools to coordinate current assets and current liabilities management in agriculture at the regional level. Methods of financial management combined with tools of econometric and statistical analysis provide the basis for analytical review and modeling of current financial needs of agricultural goods producers in the Penza Oblast. The paper generalizes and systematizes financial methods of integrated operational management of current requirements in agriculture. The analysis shows a demand for transforming the elements of the integrated operational management policy. We developed an econometric model of dependence of the basic elements of policy on agrarian business entities. Its description enables to define and coordinate strategic decisions on operational management of current financial needs in the agrarian sector at the regional level. On the basis of obtained functional relations, it is possible to substantiate areas for improving the implemented agricultural policy aimed at additional financial resource mobilization in agriculture.
Digitization of agriculture: innovative technologies and development models
Authors: Sulimin V V , Shvedov V V , Lvova M I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
No country can exist apart from others in the context of globalization and integration. All states integrated by foreign economic relations. Significant changes in the structure, organization, and geography of world trade have taken place in the past two decades. New significant exporters have appeared since the beginning of the early ninety. China is the world’s largest exporter. Other countries are increasing their export capacity to become major global suppliers. The emergence of global economic chains has aggravated the competitive struggle between countries and transnational corporations for spheres of influence. The agro-industrial complex traditionally remains a priority and strategically important sector of the economy for Russia. The article discusses the full use of the export potential of the agro-industrial complex of the country and the key role of integration into the global economic space. The authors reveal a pool of promising technologies for the development of the agroindustrial complex of Russia, such as: Internet of Things, blockchain, robotics, unmanned aerial vehicles. The article forms a conclusion about the possibility of the practical application of each technology, as well as the need to develop a systematic and well-considered state approach for the introduction of a new generation of digital technologies and financial technologies in agriculture.
Usage of international standards in accounting and internal audit of leasing operations in Russia
Authors: Vardanyan S A , Tokareva E V , Daeva T V , Tokareva A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper highlights the issues related to the validity and appropriateness of the using of international standards in the processes of accounting and internal audit of the leasing operations. The problem, the results of which are presented in this article, is that due to the changes in the Russian legislation there is a necessity for a detailed researching of the possibilities of using of international standards in accounting and internal audit. A brief overview of changes in the Russian legislation relating to the accounting of leasing is presented as a result of the researching, its content and importance is disclosed. The statutes about accounting and internal audit of leasing operations according to the requirements of international standards are also presented.
Technique and technology development of the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Visyagin V E , Velm M V , Zhigalov K Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper proposes the social potential of rural areas. It gives the comparison of the quality of the population life of different countries through the criterion of expenditures and consumption of home economics. It also compares the rates of introduction of residential houses and improvement of housing stock, which demonstrated the growth of indicators in rural areas as an evidence of their social potential growth. It states the theoretical substantiation of the necessity of attracting additional resources for the development of the socio-economic potential of the rural area and its structure. The motivation of the necessity of active involvement in the development of the territory of public organizations and the economic management system is also given.
Scientific societies and exploration of the territory of the Russian empire
Authors: Krivosheina G G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the nineteenth century scientific societies being nongovernmental voluntary associations of professional as well as amateur scientists were the leading institutions of Russian science. However, their role in the scientific, social, and cultural life of the country is essentially underestimated. This especially refers to the societies seated outside Petersburg. The present paper discusses the key characteristics that facilitated adaptation of the societies to the cultural realities of the nineteenth century Russia and fostered their research and educational activity. Special focus is given to the contribution of the societies to the exploration of the territory of the country.
History of the study of oil resources of the Mesozoic sediments in North Ossetia-Alania and adjacent territories
Authors: Kusova Zh G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article analyzes the studies on petroleum resources of the Mesozoic sediments carried out in the XIX-XX and the beginning of the XXI centuries in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and the neighboring republics of the North Caucasus. The purpose is to study the history of research carried out to collect available information for qualitative and quantitative assessment of oil and gas resources of the Mesozoic sediments. Only separate materials on this issue were found. Most of the materials were lost and destroyed during the Chechen wars. Combined historical studies of the oil and gas potential and materials from the North Caucasian and central state archives are required. Using the available data, the article provides information on the history of the study of promising areas and deposits of the region, starting from the beginning of the XIX century and up to the beginning of the XXI century. The analysis indicates a high potential of further scientific research on hydrocarbons of the Mesozoic sediments by improving the scientific and methodological base and research methods.
Formation and development of seismological research in Russia
Authors: Minina E V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper is devoted to the first stage in the development of seismic observations in Russia, covering the period from the late 19th century to the 1930s. The study aims to reconstruct the process of organisation of systematic instrumental seismic observations. The objectives of the study included identifying the main organisational forms of seismic observations, methods and equipment used in these observations, as well as analysing the main scientific results. It was established that the leading role in the emergence and development of seismic observations in Russia was played by a prominent physicist, academician B.B. Golitsyn. He had not only organised a network of I and II category seismic stations but also developed a seismograph with galvanometric recording of his own design for these stations. It is shown that a vast and full-rigged seismic network, the world’s only, enabled tackling a number of important scientific problems. As a result of the organisational and scientific works conducted during this period, the basic principles for the well-rounded assessment of seismic hazard were developed that remain relevant to this day.
Landscape and historical conditions for the emergence and formation of the city of Smolensk
Authors: Nizovtsev V A , Erman N M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Complex landscape-historic studies were carried out at key sites of the historical waterway “from the Vikings to the Greeks” in the Smolensk region: in Smolensk and Gnezdovo. The purpose of this study is to identify the landscape and historical conditions of the development of the city of Smolensk. The main practical task was to identify the landscape structure of Smolensk and its surroundings and to conduct a comparative analysis of the natural properties of the landscapes of Smolensk and Gnezdovo as a factor in the development of these centers. More favorable landscape and ecological conditions together with a rich resource base and favorable defensive and strategic position of Smolensk at the present place were identified as compared to its original position (Gnezdovo). Perhaps, in the ancient Russian period this was the reason for accelerated development (or “transfer”) of Smolensk on the left bank of the Dnieper river as compared to Gnezdovo.
Introduction of sosnowsky’s hogweed as a cause of landscape transformation
Authors: Krivosheina M G , Ozerova N A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Archival documents on the introduction of sosnowskyi’s hogweed in the USSR in the Achieve of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the data from published resources (books and articles) were investigated. The role of scientists and different scientific as well as political organizations in this event was demonstrated. Four stages of introduction were highlighted: local introduction from the end of the 1940s till the end of the 1950s; mass introduction from the end of the 1950s till the middle of the 1970s. The completion of introduction was from the middle of the 1970s till the end of the 1980s; uncontrolled invasion since the 1990s. The maps showing stages of introduction were composed. These maps reflect the territories with transformed landscapes as a result of H. sosnowskyi’s introduction and invasion.