bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical loading influences the lumbar intervertebral disc. A cross‐sectional study in 308 athletes and 71 controls
Authors: Owen Patrick J. , Hangai Mika , Kaneoka Koji , Rantalainen Timo , Belavy Daniel L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere is evidence in animal populations that loading and exercise can positively impact the intervertebral disc (IVD). However, there is a paucity of information in humans. We examined the lumbar IVDs in 308 young athletes across six sporting groups (baseball, swimming, basketball, kendo, soccer, and running; mean age 19 years) and 71 nonathletic controls. IVD status was quantified via the ratio of IVD to vertebral body height (IVD hypertrophy) and ratio of signal intensity in the nucleus to that in the annulus signal (IVD nucleus hydration) on sagittal T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging.Pvalues were adjusted via the false discovery rate method to mitigate false positives. In examining the whole collective, compared to referents, there was evidence of IVD hypertrophy in basketball (P ≤ .029), swimming (P ≤ .010), soccer (P = .036), and baseball (P = .011) with greater IVD nucleus hydration in soccer (P = .007). After matching participants based on back‐pain status and body height, basketball players showed evidence of IVD hypertrophy (P ≤ .043) and soccer players greater IVD nucleus hydration (P = .001) than referents. Greater career duration and training volume correlated with less (ie, worse) IVD nucleus hydration, but explained less than 1% of the variance in this parameter. In this young collective, increasing age was associated with increased IVD height. The findings suggest that basketball and soccer may be associated with beneficial adaptations in the IVDs in young athletes. In line with evidence on other tissues, such as muscle and bone, the current study adds to evidence that specific loading types may beneficially modulate lumbar IVD properties.
Ultrasound‐assisted extraction of collagen from clown featherback (Chitala ornata) skin: yield and molecular characteristics
Authors: Petcharat Tanyamon , Benjakul Soottawat , Karnjanapratum Supatra , Nalinanon Sitthipong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDClown featherback (Chitala ornata) skin, a by‐product from the filleting process line, could serve as a good aquatic collagenous source. Nevertheless, the typical collagen extraction method is a time‐consuming process providing a relatively low yield. Ultrasound had been reported to be an alternative technique for enhancing the extraction efficiency of several compounds, although the harsh conditions of ultrasound could affect their physicochemical and molecular characteristics. Thus, the application of ultrasonication under appropriate conditions could comprise a promising means for improving the extraction efficiency of collagen from clown featherback skin.RESULTSUltrasonication using different amplitudes (20–80%) and times (10–30 min) was implemented during extraction. An ultrasound‐assisted process (UAP) was able to increase the yield of collagen (P ˂ 0.05) and could also result in a collagen purity decrease as evaluated by hydroxyproline content. There was no dramatic change in the solubility of resulting collagens. UAP induced protein degradation, particularly with an increasing amplitude and time, where slight changes in the isoelectric point value of collagen were observed. UAP had no adverse effect on molecular structure, where a triple‐helical structure was still retained when an 80% amplitude was employed for 10 min (UAP‐80/10‐C). The amino acid composition of UAP‐80/10‐C reconfirmed the unique characteristic of collagen containing imino acid.CONCLUSIONAn UAP under appropriate conditions could be used to improve the extraction yield with minimal effects on the molecular integrity of the resulting collagen. In addition, fish skin waste from the cutting process line, particularly clown featherback skin, could be exploited as a value‐added product, comprising fish skin collagen. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Sarcomatoid Carcinoma in the Head and Neck: A Population‐Based Analysis of Outcome and Survival
Authors: Ding Lin , Bi Zhuo‐Fei , Yuan Hang , Zhao Xiao‐Hui , Guan Xue‐Dan , Yao He‐Rui , Liu Yi‐Min 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo characterize sarcomatoid cell carcinoma (SaC) in head and neck, explore the value of radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy, and build a nomogram to predict the prognosis.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsIn total, 559 patients diagnosed with head and neck SaC from 2004 to 2015 were included from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. All the cases were divided into training (N = 313) and validation (N = 246) cohorts according to the year of diagnosis. The cases were analyzed on the age, site, sex, race, T stage, N stage, M stage, surgery, RT, and chemotherapy. Cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were compared among disease‐related categories. The parameters significantly correlated with CSS were used to construct a nomogram.ResultsThe multivariate analysis showed that age, T stage, N stage, and M stage were significantly correlated with CSS and OS. Overall, RT was correlated with improved CSS for Stage T3–4 and Stage N1–3. The subgroup analysis showed that RT was correlated with CSS in the Stage N1–3 patients after surgery while chemotherapy indicated an improved survival for Stage T3–4 and N1–3 patients without surgery. The prognostic nomogram was constructed and had a powerful discriminatory ability with the C‐index of CSS: 0.711.ConclusionLate‐stage head and neck SaC patients unfit for surgery need comprehensive treatment based on chemotherapy, and patients with node metastasis require adjuvant RT after surgery. Generally, RT might improve the survival of late‐stage patients. A reliable and powerful nomogram was established that can provide an individual prediction of CSS for head and neck SaC.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:E489–E499, 2021
Why we should have listened to Jeffrey Beall from the start
Authors: Downes Mike 
Published: July 2020

Key points
Beall's list remains a key resource in the fight against rogue publishers.
Misguided criticism of Beall himself was counterproductive in the fight against fraudulent publishers.
It is time to replace dispute and debate about fraudulent publishers with meaningful action.
Some of the worst fraudulent publishers should be prosecuted, not simply criticized.
Universities must be the agents of reform for scholarly publishing.
Development of a Piezoelectric PVDF‐TrFE Fibrous Scaffold to Guide Cell Adhesion, Proliferation, and Alignment
Authors: Orkwis Jacob A. , Wolf Ann K. , Shahid Syed M. , Smith Corinne , Esfandiari Leyla , Harris Greg M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSevere peripheral nervous system injuries currently hold limited therapeutic solutions. Existing clinical techniques such as autografts, allografts, and newer nerve guidance conduits have shown variable outcomes in functional recovery, adverse immune responses, and in some cases low or minimal availability. This can be attributed in part to the lack of chemical, physical, and electrical cues directing both nerve guidance and regeneration. To address this pressing clinical issue, electrospun nanofibers and microfibers composed of piezoelectric polyvinylidene flouride‐triflouroethylene (PVDF‐TrFE) have been introduced as an alternative template for tissue engineered biomaterials, specifically as it pertains to their relevance in soft tissue and nerve repair. Here, biocompatible scaffolds of PVDF‐TrFE are fabricated and their ability to generate an electrical response to mechanical deformations and produce a suitable regenerative microenvironment is examined. It is determined that 20% (w/v) PVDF‐TrFE in (6:4) dimethyl formamide (DMF):acetone solvent maintains a desirable piezoelectric coefficient and the proper physical and electrical characteristics for tissue regeneration. Further, it is concluded that scaffolds of varying thickness promoted the adhesion and alignment of Schwann cells and fibroblasts. This work offers a prelude to further advancements in nanofibrous technology and a promising outlook for alternative, autologous remedies to peripheral nerve damage.
Extremely Stretchable Vitrimers
Authors: Lyu Zhenyu , Wu Tongfei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVitrimers are covalent adaptable networks, having many interesting versatile abilities with unprecedented potentials. Here, the combination of a low‐Tg polymer system with dioxaborolane metathesis is used to develop catalyst‐free vitrimers that can be stretched to more than 8900× their original length at a moderate stretching rate (≈50 mm min−1). Superstretchable vitrimers are prepared from biodegradable xylitol‐based polyol oligomers and cross‐linked by dioxaborolane linkages. They are also found to be remarkable in terms of mechanical strength and other properties, such as malleability, self‐healing ability, puncture resistance, and processing stability. Furthermore, the repeated rearrangements of dioxaborolane linkages and hydrogen bonds give rise to efficient energy dissipation with a maximum efficiency of 88%, allowing the superstretchable vitrimers to be promising for energy absorbing applications.
Low‐dose triptolide enhances antitumor effect of JQ1 on acute myeloid leukemia through inhibiting RNA polymerase II in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Shi Yuanfei , Zhao Haijun , Ye Jing , Li Zhifeng , Deng Manman , Zha Jie , Zhou Yong , Zeng Hanyan , Lin Yun , Pu Xuan , Guo Chengcen , Song Haihan , Qiu Yi , Xu Bing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe bromodomain and extra‐terminal (BET) domain inhibitor JQ1 exerts potent anticancer activity in various cancer cells. However, the resistance to BET inhibitors in leukemia stem cells limits its implication in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). High concentration of triptolide (TPL) presents anticancer activities but with adverse effects. Here, we investigated whether the combination of low‐dose TPL with JQ1 could help to circumvent the dilemma of drug resistance and side effect in treating AML. AML cell lines, primary cells from 10 AML patients with different status, as well as AML mice model were subjected to different treatments and apoptotic related protein expression were evaluated. Data showed that low‐dose TPL combined with JQ1 effectively killed AML cell lines and primary cells from AML patients without exerting significantly greater lethal activity against normal cells. Mechanism study revealed that low‐dose TPL combined with JQ1 triggered reactive oxygen species production and induced mitochondrial‐mediated apoptosis in AML cells, in which the inhibition of RNA polymerase II to downregulate c‐Myc was mainly responsible for the enhanced activity of TPL in combination with JQ1. In vivo study presented that cotreatment with low‐dose TPL and JQ1 significantly reduced tumor burden of the NOD/SCID mice engrafted with MOLM‐13 cells. In conclusion, low‐dose TPL enhanced the antitumor effect of JQ1 on AML without increasing the side effects, supporting a potential option for AML treatment.
Progress in the development of human carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and their pharmacological applications: Where are we today?
Authors: Mishra Chandra B. , Tiwari Manisha , Supuran Claudiu T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCarbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are widely distributed metalloenzymes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. They efficiently catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and H+ ions and play a crucial role in regulating many physiological processes. CAs are well‐studied drug target for various disorders such as glaucoma, epilepsy, sleep apnea, and high altitude sickness. In the past decades, a large category of diverse families of CA inhibitors (CAIs) have been developed and many of them showed effective inhibition toward specific isoforms, and effectiveness in pathological conditions in preclinical and clinical settings. The discovery of isoform‐selective CAIs in the last decade led to diminished side effects associated with off‐target isoforms inhibition. The many new classes of such compounds will be discussed in the review, together with strategies for their development. Pharmacological advances of the newly emerged CAIs in diseases not usually associated with CA inhibition (neuropathic pain, arthritis, cerebral ischemia, and cancer) will also be discussed.
Refeeding Hypophosphatemia in Patients Receiving Parenteral Nutrition: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Predicting Its Occurrence
Authors: Wong Gabriel J. Y. , Pang Janelle G. T. , Li Yuan Y. , Lew Charles Chin Han 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) support may develop refeeding hypophosphatemia (RH), and its prevalence is highly variable in the literature. Identifying at‐risk patients is crucial to minimize clinical complications. The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines are used widely to assess the risk of RH, but they lack validation. We aim to (1) identify the prevalence of RH by multiple diagnostic criteria; (2) assess the predictive ability of the NICE guidelines for RH; and (3) identify important risk factors for RH and evaluate their predictive abilities for RH in a new model.MethodsThis is a single‐center retrospective study on adult patients with PN ≥48 hours. Prevalence of RH was determined by 4 established diagnostic criteria. Prognostic accuracy of the NICE guidelines were assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to develop a new risk‐assessment model.ResultsOf 149 enrolled patients, 23%–48% (35 to 72 of 149 patients) developed RH (depending on the diagnostic criteria used). The NICE guidelines demonstrated poor discrimination across all diagnostic criteria (ROC, 0.43–0.53). Critical illness, the use of diuretics, and hypomagnesemia prior to PN were independently associated with RH. These risk factors formed the new model for predicting RH and had good discrimination (ROC 0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.66–0.82).ConclusionPrevalence of RH varied according to established diagnostic criteria. The current NICE guidelines poorly predict the occurrence of RH, and modification is likely beneficial. A new risk‐assessment model was developed; nevertheless, further validation is required.
Investigation of Coriolis effect on oceanic flows and its bifurcation via geophysical Korteweg–de Vries equation
Authors: Ak Turgut , Saha Asit , Dhawan Sharanjeet , Kara Abdul Hamid 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, we have investigated Coriolis effect on oceanic flows in the equatorial region with the help of geophysical Korteweg–de Vries equation (GKdVE). First, Lie symmetries and conservation laws for the GKdVE have been studied. Later, we implement finite element method for numerical simulations. Propagation of nonlinear solitary structures, their interaction and advancement of solitons can be seen in the results so produced. Additionally, Gaussian initial condition and undular bore initial condition are also investigated. Results so obtained have been found in perfect agreement with the available results. Bifurcation analysis of the oceanic traveling wave of the GKdVE is presented depending on traveling wave velocity and Coriolis parameter. It is discerned that velocity of the traveling wave and Coriolis parameter affect significantly on the propagation of the nonlinear waves.
Optimal error analysis of Crank–Nicolson lowest‐order Galerkin‐mixed finite element method for incompressible miscible flow in porous media
Authors: Gao Huadong , Sun Weiwei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNumerical methods for incompressible miscible flow in porous media have been studied extensively in the last several decades. In practical applications, the lowest‐order Galerkin‐mixed method is the most popular one, where the linear Lagrange element is used for the concentration and the lowest order Raviart–Thomas mixed element pair is used for the Darcy velocity and pressure. The existing error estimate of the method in L2‐norm is in the order in spatial direction, which however is not optimal and valid only under certain extra restrictions on both time step and spatial meshes, excluding the most commonly used mesh h = hp = hc. This paper focuses on new and optimal error estimates of a linearized Crank–Nicolson lowest‐order Galerkin‐mixed finite element method (FEM), where the second‐order accuracy for the concentration in both time and spatial directions is established unconditionally. The key to our optimal error analysis is an elliptic quasi‐projection. Moreover, we propose a simple one‐step recovery technique to obtain a new numerical Darcy velocity and pressure of second‐order accuracy. Numerical results for both two and three‐dimensional models are provided to confirm our theoretical analysis.
Finding the silver linings: Psychosocial correlates of posttraumatic growth among husbands of Chinese breast cancer survivors
Authors: Yeung Nelson C. Y. , Zhang Yiwei , Ji Lili , Lu Guohua , Lu Qian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesCaregiving does not have to be a totally negative experience for the husband caregivers of breast cancer survivors (BCS). There are growing interests in exploring the positive psychological changes (aka posttraumatic growth; PTG) among husbands of BCS. Western studies have shown that coping resources, cognitive appraisal, and coping strategies are associated with PTG among caregivers of BCS. Studies in the Chinese context are limited. This study examined the psychosocial correlates of PTG among husbands of Chinese BCS.MethodsHusbands of Chinese BCS (N = 176) were recruited from two hospitals in Weifang, China to complete a cross‐sectional survey. Their levels of caregiving burden, marital satisfaction, cognitive appraisals, coping strategies, and PTG were measured.ResultsAfter controlling for covariates, hierarchical regression results indicated that higher caregiving burden (β = .29), marital satisfaction (β = .27), challenge appraisal (β = 016), and social support seeking (β = .23) were associated with higher PTG (Ps < .05). Additionally, a significant interaction between caregiving burden and positive reframing emerged in explaining PTG (β = .17, P < .05). Positive reframing was only associated with higher PTG among those with higher caregiving burden (β = .25, P = .03), but not those with lower caregiving burden (β = −.09, P > .05).ConclusionsStress and coping variables significantly contributed to PTG among husbands of Chinese BCS. Our findings implied that addressing those husband caregivers' marital satisfaction, challenge appraisal toward the impact of breast cancer, and social support seeking could be intervention strategies to facilitate their PTG. Among husbands having higher caregiving burden, positive reframing may also facilitate their PTG.
Cocreated internet‐based stepped care for individuals with cancer and concurrent symptoms of anxiety and depression: Results from the U‐CARE AdultCan randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hauffman Anna , Alfonsson Sven , Bill‐Axelson Anna , Bergkvist Leif , Forslund Marina , Mattsson Susanne , von Essen Louise , Nygren Peter , Igelström Helena , Johansson Birgitta 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim was to evaluate the effects of cocreated internet‐based stepped care (iCAN‐DO) on anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with cancer and self‐reported anxiety and/or depression symptoms, compared with standard care.MethodsClinically recruited individuals with breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer underwent online screening with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Those with anxiety and/or depression symptoms (>7 on any of the HADS subscales) were randomized to iCAN‐DO or standard care. iCAN‐DO comprised psychoeducation and self‐care strategies (step 1) and internet‐based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT, step 2). Data were collected before randomization and at 1, 4, 7, and 10 months and analyzed with intention‐to‐treat regression analysis and randomization tests.ResultsOnline screening identified 245 (27%) of 909 individuals who reported anxiety and/or depression symptoms. They were randomized to iCAN‐DO (n  = 124) or standard care (n = 121). Of them 49% completed the 10‐month assessment, and in the iCAN‐DO group 85% accessed step 1 and 13% underwent iCBT. iCAN‐DO decreased the levels of symptoms of depression (−0.54, 95% confidence interval: −1.08 to −0.01, P < .05) and the proportion of individuals with symptoms of depression (P < .01) at 10 months, compared with standard care, according to HADS. There were no significant effects on anxiety, posttraumatic stress, or HRQoL.ConclusionInternet‐based stepped care improves symptoms of depression in individuals with cancer. Further studies are needed to gain knowledge on how to optimize and implement internet‐based support in oncology care.
Adaptive CUSUM and EWMA charts with auxiliary information and variable sampling intervals for monitoring the process mean
Authors: Haq Abdul , Akhtar Shareen , Boon Chong Khoo Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe variable sampling interval (VSI) feature enhances the sensitivity of a control chart that is based on fixed sampling interval (FSI). In this paper, we enhance the sensitivities of the auxiliary information‐based (AIB) adaptive Crosier cumulative sum (CUSUM) (AIB‐ACC) and adaptive exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) (AIB‐AE) charts using the VSI feature when monitoring a mean shift which is expected to lie within a given interval. The Monte Carlo simulations are used to compute zero‐state and steady‐state run length properties of these control charts. It is found that the AIB‐ACC and AIB‐AE charts with VSI feature are uniformly more sensitive than those based on FSI feature. Real datasets are also considered to demonstrate the implementation of these control charts.
Distributed adaptive consensus protocol with decaying gains
Authors: Knotek Štefan , Hengster‐Movric Kristian , Šebek Michael 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThis article brings a distributed adaptive protocol for consensus and synchronization in multiagent systems on directed communication networks. Agents are modeled as general linear time‐invariant systems. The proposed protocol introduces a novel adaptation scheme allowing control coupling gains to decay to their reference values. This approach improves upon existing adaptive consensus protocols which may result in overly large or even unbounded coupling gains. The protocol design in this article does not rely on any centralized information; hence it is distributed. Nevertheless, the price to pay for this is the need to estimate those reference values. Convergence of the overall network dynamics is guaranteed for correctly estimated references; otherwise, the trajectory of the system is only uniformly ultimately bounded. Two estimation algorithms are proposed: one based on the interval‐halving method and the other based on a distributed estimation of Laplacian eigenvalues. Numerical simulations validate the proposed approach.