bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BEV 2C protein inhibits the NF-κB signalling pathway to promote viral replication by targeting IKBKB and p65
Authors: Cui Xuyuan , Guo Yidi , Zhang Fan , Chang Xiaoran , Hu Junying , Zhang Qun , Zheng Xuebo , Yan NaiTian , Wang Xinping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bovine enterovirus, a member of the Enterovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family, causes severe digestive and respiratory illnesses in cattle. These illnesses threaten the healthy development of the cattle industry. Innate immunity plays a critical role in resisting viral infections, but viruses also use various strategies to evade or counteract the host’s immune system. The mechanisms by which bovine enteroviruses evade the host immune response and promote their replication remain unclear. This study used the HY12 strain of enterovirus as a model to investigate its interaction with both bovine enterovirus and its host. Our findings indicate that bovine enterovirus promotes the replication of HY12 by disrupting the NF-κB pathway. Here, one strategy was to down-regulate the IΚBΚB expression to inhibit the activation of NF-κB. Another approach was to directly interact with p65 to reduce the dimerisation of p65/p50 and inhibit the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65. Our study’s results show that 2C’s N-terminal 1-121 aa is essential for 2C-mediated inhibition of the NF-κB signalling pathway, and four amino acids (position 118-121 aa) are the interaction site of 2C with p65. This report is the first on BEV 2C protein promoting virus replication through new strategies, which provides novel insights into the understanding of enterovirus pathobiology and the development of drugs against BEV.
Anticipatory macroeconomic governance: exploring future-oriented strategies for economic resilience and sustainability
Authors: Elgin Ceyhun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper aims to identify and discuss the integration of anticipatory practices in the macroeconomic governance regime, an emerging yet crucial dimension in the field. It examines the contextual differences shaping these practices at the intersections of society, innovation, policy, and governance, focusing on the interrelationship between institutions, cultures, and national contexts. The study also investigates the multi-dimensional relationships between anticipatory practices and various economic dynamics, addressing a significant gap in the literature. It explores how these practices manifest in different settings, analyzing the challenges and opportunities in adapting them to diverse contexts. The paper analyzes the connections between micro, meso, and macroeconomic spheres, and examines the institutionalization and temporal dynamics of anticipatory practices. It also delves into the cultures of anticipation within macroeconomics, analyzing their influence on decision-making processes and the visibility of different voices. By offering a comprehensive exploration of anticipatory practices in macroeconomic governance, this interdisciplinary study provides valuable insights for practitioners, policymakers, and scholars, contributing to a holistic understanding of the roles and challenges at the intersection of innovation, policy, and society within macroeconomic contexts.
AI and Neurology
Authors: Bösel Julian , Mathur Rohan , Cheng Lin , Varelas Marianna S. , Hobert Markus A. , Suarez José I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Artificial Intelligence is influencing medicine on all levels. Neurology, one of the most complex and progressive medical disciplines, is no exception. No longer limited to neuroimaging, where data-driven approaches were initiated, machine and deep learning methodologies are taking neurologic diagnostics, prognostication, predictions, decision making and even therapy to very promising potentials.

Main body
In this review, the basic principles of different types of Artificial Intelligence and the options to apply them to neurology are summarized. Examples of noteworthy studies on such applications are presented from the fields of acute and intensive care neurology, stroke, epilepsy, and movement disorders. Finally, these potentials are matched with risks and challenges jeopardizing ethics, safety and equality, that need to be heeded by neurologists welcoming Artificial Intelligence to their field of expertise.

Conclusion
Artificial intelligence is and will be changing neurology. Studies need to be taken to the prospective level and algorithms undergo federated learning to reach generalizability. Neurologists need to master not only the benefits but also the risks in safety, ethics and equity of such data-driven form of medicine.
On the variational principles of the Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation in fluid mechanics
Authors: Liu Jing-Hua , Yang Yi-Ning , Wang Kang-Jia , Zhu Hong-Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
As is known to all, it is extraordinarily difficult to construct the variational principles of the nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDEs) for fluid mechanics. In this work, we focus on the Burgers- Korteweg-de Vries equation and attempt to establish its generalized variational principle by employing the semi-inverse method (SIM). Two different generalized variational principles (GVPs) are extracted and the detailed derivation process is presented. The GVPs can present some new inspiration for the study and application of the variational method.
The dynamics of tubulogenesis in development and disease
Authors: Romero Adrian , Walker Brandy L. , Krneta-Stankic Vanja , Gerner-Mauro Kamryn , Youmans Lydia , Miller Rachel K. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Tubes are crucial for the function of many organs in animals given their fundamental roles in transporting and exchanging substances to maintain homeostasis within an organism. Therefore, the development and maintenance of these tube-like structures within organs is a vital process. Tubes can form in diverse ways, and advances in our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning these different modes of tubulogenesis have significant impacts in many biological contexts, including development and disease. This Review discusses recent progress in understanding developmental mechanisms underlying tube formation.
Continuous Peak Oxygen Uptake Monitoring in High-Intensity Interval Training Minimizes False Responder Rates Compared to Pre-to-Post Testing
Authors: Matzka Manuel , Lauber Lukas , Lenk Mascha , Engel Florian , Sperlich Billy 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study investigates the intra- and inter-individual time courses of physiological adaptation to high-intensity interval training (HIIT), comparing single and duplicate pre-to-post testing with session-by-session analysis to more accurately identify “genuine” adaptations.

Methods
Seventeen participants (nine men) engaged in repeated 4x4 min HIIT sessions (2 times/week) until a meaningful change in the primary outcome i.e. relative peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) was observed.

Results
Mixed-effects model analysis revealed a significant improvement for VO2peak for both session-by-session (estimate: 0.18, p < 0.01, d = 0.11) analysis and duplicate pre-to-post analysis (estimate: 3.97, p < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.36). Session-by-session analysis revealed significant variability in physiological responses, with a low coefficient of variation (CV) for VO2peak (3.49% + 1.96) and estimated maximum stroke volume (SVmax) (3.07% ± 1.92) and, indicating their reliability for detecting small changes. With a CV of 22.14% ± 13.80 submaximal blood lactate ([BLa]submax) was the least reliable parameter. With session-by-session analysis VO2peak was the only parameter displaying 100% positive responders after 9.5 ± 3.8 sessions. Additionally, session-by-session analysis revealed lower proportions of participants with positive adaptations for submaximal VO2 and SVmax, but higher proportions for submaximal respiratory exchange ratio and rating of perceived exertion compared with pre-to-post analysis.

Conclusions
This study highlights the value of longitudinal assessments for understanding the variability and dynamics of training adaptations. By addressing the limitations of pre-to-post evaluations, the findings emphasize the importance of frequent monitoring to accurately capture individual responses, thereby advancing strategies for optimizing exercise interventions across diverse populations.
Evaluation of clinical application of Korean medicine standard clinical pathway in a public hospital
Authors: Shin Seung-Jae , Kim Jin-Won , Jeong Ji-Cheon 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Clinical pathways (CPs) are structured guidelines introduced to improve healthcare quality and efficiency. In South Korea, CPs for Korean medicine have been developed since 2016 under the 3rd Comprehensive Plan for Korean Medicine Promotion, with limited studies on their clinical application. Neck and shoulder pain are common conditions frequently treated at Korean medicine clinics, often by patients dissatisfied with conventional treatments. The demand for Korean medicine treatments for neck and shoulder pain is on the rise.
AIM
To evaluate the clinical applicability and effectiveness of Korean medicine CPs for neck pain and shoulder pain in public healthcare institutions in South Korea.
METHODS
We collected and analyzed data from patients aged 19 years and older who visited the outpatient clinic of the Department of Korean Medicine at the National Medical Center in Korea from March 1, 2023 to August 31, 2023. CP completion rates, along with patient satisfaction, clinical outcomes, and economic outcomes between the CP-implemented and non-CP groups were assessed.
RESULTS
The CP completion rates were 93.3% for neck pain and 96.8% for shoulder pain. Patient satisfaction scores showed an improvement of 17.7% for neck pain and 18.0% for shoulder pain in the CP-implemented group compared to the non-CP group. For neck pain, significant improvements were observed in the numerical rating scale (NRS) and the neck disability index, while for shoulder pain, only the University of California-Los Angeles shoulder rating scale showed notable progress, with no substantial change in NRS scores.
CONCLUSION
This study partially confirms the clinical applicability and effectiveness of the Korean medicine CPs for neck pain and shoulder pain. Further research is required to enhance and validate these findings.
Knowledge Validation and Nutritional Qualities of Fodder Trees Browsed by Goats in the Gumela Rural Area in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Kujoana T.C. , Mugwabana J.T. , Tyasi T.L. , Chitura T. 
Published: February 2025

In sub-Saharan Africa, goat farming has shown to be a significant intervention in the fight against poverty. However, the productivity of goats is threatened by several challenges, such as limited forage availability, especially during dry seasons when the quantity and quality decline. The study aimed to gather smallholder farmers' knowledge on the identity and nutritional qualities of fodder trees browsed by goats in the study area. Fourteen smallholder goat farmers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Botanical identification and nutritional analysis of mentioned browse plants were conducted at the Animal Production Laboratory, University of Limpopo, South Africa. Capparis tomentose, Euclea crispa and Cassine transvaalensis had higher (p<0.05) dry matter content. Ziziphus mucronata had higher (p<0.05) ash content. Maerua angolensis had higher (p<0.05) crude protein content, while Colophospermum mopane had a higher (p<0.05) energy content. Colophospermum mopane was ranked the most browsed plant (43%), whereas Ziziphus mucronata and Maerua angolensis were ranked the least browsed plants. Colophospermum mopane and Sclerocarya birrea were classified as bad sources of goat feed. Most of the identified feed materials had crude protein and energy levels higher than the recommended minimum required levels for the maintenance of essential functions of goats.
Revolutionising the Public Extension System for Smallholder Livestock Farmers: User Experiences and the Prospects of Using Information and Communication Technologies in North West Province, South Africa
Authors: Mapiye O. , Makombe G. , Molotsi A.H. , Dzama K. , Mapiye C. 
Published: February 2025

The study aimed to determine farmers’ and extension officers’ experiences with public extension and the prospects of improving the public extension service through digital-based technology. Quantitative data were collected from 101 commercially oriented active beneficiaries of the Nguni cattle project in the North West Province, South Africa, using a structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were collected through focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs) and analysed using thematic analysis. Ninety percent of the farmers regarded public extension as the key source of extension services received through farm visits (66%), telephone calls (65%), and visits to the extension offices (38%). Approximately 64% of respondents reported low visibility of extension officers in their farming areas. A very low extension officer-to-farmer ratio (typically 1:> 300) and a high demand for transport facilities were cited as constraints to service delivery by extension officers. The study showed that over three-quarters of the farmers had smartphones, with 89% having adequate smartphone operating skills. Approximately 80% had a strong positive perception of the usefulness of the proposed Livestock Management Database System (LMDS) in livestock production, while 84% were willing to pay to access the system. The results of the FGDs and KIIs also indicated high positive perceptions toward innovation. In conclusion, a digital-based platform was proposed to assist the public extension system in delivering well-coordinated extension and advisory services that would meet the needs of farmers cost-effectively.
Artificial Intelligence Convergence Teaching Expertise Scale for Pre-service Teachers in Korea: A Validity and Reliability Study
Authors: Kim Seong-Won 
Published: February 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) drives changes in various areas, including industry, society, and the economy, through technological innovation. In education, AI advancements are leading to innovations in teaching, learning, content, and assessment. Integrating AI into educational practices necessitates developing a tool to measure instructors' AI convergence teaching expertise, which is essential for implementing AI convergence education effectively. This study aimed to develop an assessment tool to measure pre-service teachers' AI convergence teaching expertise. A comprehensive and rigorous approach was adopted, involving a literature review, Delphi survey, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. The assessment tool was constructed by applying AI as a technological component within the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework to define AI convergence teaching expertise and derive relevant items. These items were administered to a sample of 202 pre-service teachers in Korea to validate their reliability and validity. The developed tool comprises 33 self-reported items across eight distinct factors, robustly measuring AI convergence teaching expertise. The Cronbach’s α for the tool ranged from 0.822 to 0.922, indicating high reliability. The significance of this study is its potential application within educational settings to determine pre-service teachers' AI convergence teaching expertise. Furthermore, this study offers valuable implications for designing pre-service teacher education programs and ongoing professional development for in-service teachers. By accurately measuring and addressing AI convergence teaching expertise, this tool can contribute to advancing educational practices in the era of AI.
Transcriptional Regulation of CYP2D6 by Nrf2 and Its Implications in Breast Cancer Therapy: Bioinformatics and Experimental Evidence
Authors: Siswanto Ferbian Milas , Handayani Maria Dara Novi , Lonah Lonah , Dewi Rita , Arieselia Zita , Hananta Linawati , Andarisuta Putu Suwarastra 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Tamoxifen (TAM) resistance in patient with breast cancer is the leading cause of mortality among women globally. Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is involved in the metabolism of TAM, and recently NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has recently been found as its regulator. However, the impact of Nrf2-mediated CYP2D6 regulation in the context of breast cancer and TAM resistance are currently unknown. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the role of CYP2D6 and Nrf2 in breast cancer prognosis. MEDTHODS: The roles of CYP2D6 and Nrf2 were investigated in the T47D breast cancer cell line and T47D-derived TAM-resistant cells by examining the gene expression, cell viability, and transcriptional regulation by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), MTT, and reporter gene assay, respectively. Additionally, comprehensive in silico analysis of the transcriptomic and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were performed to uncover the prognostic role of CYP2D6 and its regulator in breast cancer patients. RESULTS: CYP2D6 mRNA was low and Nrf2 protein was high in TAM-resistant T47D cells compared to parental cells. Nrf2 knockdown upregulated CYP2D6 mRNA levels and enhanced the cytotoxicity of TAM. Similarly, in silico analysis revealed that low CYP2D6 mRNA and high Nrf2 protein were related to a lower probability of survival. The rs1238662089 within the identified Nrf2-binding site was found to greatly affect CYP2D6 expression levels, indicating its role as predictor for better prognosis. CONCLUSION: This study revealed for the first time that Nrf2 regulates CYP2D6expression in breast cancer and is involved in TAM sensitivity; thus, plays a role in breast cancer patient prognosis.KEYWORDS: breast cancer, CYP2D6, Nrf2, pharmacoepigenetics, SNPs
Curcumin Enhances Antimigration of Pentagamavunon-1 by Suppressing MMP-2 and MMP-9 Expression in Triple-Negative (4T1) and Luminal A (T47D) Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Rahmawati Desty Restia , Meiyanto Edy , Jenie Riris Istighfari , Nurrochmad Arief 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Migration and invasion of cancer cells are still crucial stages in the metastasis process, highlighting the urgent need for treatments that target both proliferation and metastatic progression. Curcumin and its synthetic analogue, pentagamavunon (PGV)-1, exhibit antiproliferative effects in breast cancer cells. However, the effects of combining curcumin and PGV-1 on cancer cell migration have not yet been explored. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the antimigratory effects of curcumin and PGV-1 combination on 4T1 and T47D breast cancer cells.METHODS: Cytotoxicity effects of curcumin and PGV-1 were examined using an MTT assay to determine their effects on 4T1 and T47D cell viability. The antimigration activity was assessed using a scratch wound healing assay by measuring the closure of artificially created wounds on monolayer cells. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that play a crucial role in cancer cell migration was analyzed using gelatin zymography to measure their enzymatic activities.RESULTS: The IC50 of PGV-1 and curcumin were 4.88 μM and 37.62 μM in 4T1 cells and 3.16 μM and 23.15 μM in T47D cells, respectively. Furthermore, combination of PGV-1 and curcumin effectively inhibited 4T1 and T47D cell migration. PGV-1 (0.5–2 μM) demonstrated superior antimigratory activity compared to curcumin (5–20 μM) by suppressing MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in both cell lines. Significantly, curcumin was shown to synergistically enhance the antimigratory effects of PGV-1, leading to a further decrease in MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. CONCLUSION: The combination of PGV-1 and curcumin may provide a promising antimigratory agent, potentially leading to enhanced antimetastatic strategies and more efficacious treatments for triple-negative and luminal breast cancer patients.KEYWORDS: antimigration, curcumin, luminal breast cancer, MMP-2, MMP-9, pentagamavunon-1, triple-negative breast cancer
Effect of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) Infection on Mungbean Genotypes: Identification and Characterization of Host Plant Resistance
Authors: Devindrappa M. , Singh Bansa , Jagadeeswaran R. , Basavaraja T. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Mungbean (Vigna radiata) has great socio-economic importance and is one of the main food legumes widely distributed worldwide. Yield losses caused by Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) have been widely recorded in mungbean growing areas. Screening for stable resistant genotypes has the potential to reduce the damage caused by the root-knot nematodes. Methods: The present investigation screening of 100 mungbean genotypes against M. javanica infection were carried out in field-laboratory during 2023. Host plant resistance sources of mungbean genotypes were identified and characterized based on number of galls, galling index (GI) and a number of egg mass index against M. javanica infection. Result: The result exhibited that, three accessions namely UPM 02-17, IPM 1620-6 and IPM 1718-1 were resistant to M. javanica infection having GI ± 2 and five accessions viz., PARAT M 8, PUSA 9531, RMG 353, PAU-911 and PM-2 showed moderately resistant reaction with GI ± 10 and rest of the screened genotypes were either susceptible or highly susceptible against nematode infection. Nematode development and multiplication on mungbean resistance accessions had significantly weakness in pathogenic ability and nematode infection appeared to be antibiosis that was associated with reduced nematode penetration, retardation of nematode development and impeding the giant cell formation as compared to RKN susceptible mungbean genotypes.