bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Index for Local Infections score validity: a retrospective European analysis
Authors: Dissemond Joachim , Strohal Robert , Mastronicola Diego , Senneville Eric , Moisan Cécile , Edward-Jones Valerie , Mahoney Kirsty , Junka Adam , Bartoszewicz Marzenna , Verdú-Soriano José 
Published: December 2020

Objective: A score to identify local wound infections was developed by a panel of experts from seven European countries. The Therapeutic Index for Local Infections (TILI) score was designed for health professionals who are not specialised in wound care. This study was carried out to test the validity of the TILI score in everyday practice. Method: Content validity was analysed by means of evaluation by a panel of experts, individually and face-to-face, followed by a European multicentred, retrospective, observational study. Participating clinicians sent anonymised copies of completed TILI scores for patients with leg ulcers along with a photograph of the wound for analysis by two blinded reviewers. Concordance (Kappa index) and convergent criterion validity (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, Youden's J Index and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) or area under the curve (AUC) curve) were calculated to construct validity and reliability. Results: A total of 307 patients with leg ulcers from seven institutions in five European countries were included in this retrospective analysis. It was shown that the diagnosis of local wound infection could be documented well with five of the six clinical criteria included in the TILI score. By summing up these facultative criteria in comparison with any direct criteria that may be present, there would have been an indication for local antiseptic wound therapy in 22% of patients examined. Conclusions: The results show that the TILI score is concordant with the expert assessment of patients and with good diagnostic characteristics. Thus, the easy-to-use TILI score can now be used in the daily routine practice of health professionals to diagnose local wound infections.
Participatory co-design of patient-reported outcome indicators and N-of-1 evaluation of a dressing glove for Epidermolysis bullosa
Authors: Graham Tanya , Sooriah Sangeeta , Box Rachel , Gage Heather , Williams Peter , Clemett Victoria , Grocott Patricia 
Published: December 2020

Objective:In autosomal recessive dystrophic Epidermolysis bullosa, repeat blistering results in finger webbing and severe contractures of the hands. The aim of this study was to codesign patient-reported outcome indicators for hand therapy with patients, carers and clinicians, and use these to proof-of-concept test a novel dressing glove for recessive dystrophic Epidermolysis bullosa, with cost analysis.Method:Qualitative interviews and focus groups with patients and carers generated content for the indicators. Validity and reliability were established through expert review, piloting and consensus between patients, carers and clinicians. The indicators were self-reported by patients before and while wearing the dressing glove in an N-of-1 study. Time for dressing changes and use of conventional products were also self-reported.Results:A total of 11 indicators were initially generated from the thematic analysis. Expert review, piloting and consensus involved six patients, five carers and eight clinicians (total n=19). Participants agreed 14 indicators, covering hand skin condition (n=4), webbing between the digits (n=4), experiences of wearing and changing dressings (n=2), hand function (n=2), wrist function (n=1) and hand pain (n=1). In Phase 3, 12 patients scored indicators before wearing the gloves and four patients completed scoring while wearing the gloves. Statistically significant improvements between pre-glove and with-glove periods were found for most participants' experience scores. Skin appearance also improved for most participants.Conclusions:The indicators generated useful data, differentiation between scores and participants demonstrating proof-of-concept for patients with recessive dystrophic Epidermolysis bullosa who could wear the dressing gloves. The indicators are being used in routine practice, supporting clinical follow up, commercialisation and regulatory governance of the dressing glove.
The Arkansas “Most Crop per Drop” Contest: An Innovative Extension Method to Improve Irrigation Water Management Adoption
Authors: Henry Chris G. , Krutz L. Jason , Mane Ranjitsinh , Simpson Greg D. 
Published: December 2020

HighlightsAn integrated research and Extension program promoted adoption of computerized hole selection (CHS), surge irrigation, soil moisture monitoring, and multiple inlet rice irrigation (MIRI) for surface irrigators in Arkansas.Using a contest design, water use efficiency (WUE) was determined for maize, soybean, and rice fields, and report cards were provided to contest participants to provide feedback on their irrigation acumen.The highest yielding fields did not always result in the highest WUE.The contest was implemented on working commercial farms in the Arkansas Delta using flowmeters and in-field crop yield checks for the purpose of promoting adoption of irrigation water management (IWM).Abstract. The Arkansas “most crop per drop” irrigation contest is an integrated research and Extension program developed to assess water use, rainfall, and yield for the purpose of estimating water use efficiency (WUE). The irrigation contest resembles traditional yield contests, with the goal of documenting WUE and increasing adoption and awareness of irrigation water management (IWM) practices in the region. Adoption of IWM practices was greater for those who participated in the contest than their Arkansas peer average, with documented adoption increases of 33% for computerized hole selection, 28% for surge irrigation, and 51% for soil moisture monitoring. Keywords: Computerized hole selection, Soil moisture monitoring, Surge irrigation.
Mortalidade Geral no Sudoeste do Pará: uma análise de Cluster entre sexos
Authors: Procópio Gabriel Brito , Silva Álvaro Ferreira da , Campos Ana Cristina Viana 
Published: December 2020

Introdução: O acompanhamento precípuo da mortalidade geral viabiliza a identificação do perfil epidemiológico sobre as diferenças regionais que interferem na realidade da população. Objetivo: O estudo tevecomo objetivo identificar a razão de mortalidade geral por ano e por sexo, elencando as diferenças nos municípios pertencentes a um centro regional de saúde no sudeste do estado do Pará. Método: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de série histórica, entre os anos 2000 a 2015, com dados secundários de todos os municípios pertencentes ao 11º Centro Regional de Saúde do estado do Pará. Resultados: Dos 23 municípios da regional de saúde, os municípios de Curionópolis, Jacundá, Marabá e Rondon do Pará, apresentaram elevada taxa de mortalidade para ambos os sexos. O maior percentual de óbitos masculinos ocorreu no ano de 2010 (67,9%), com razão igual a 5,40 por mil habitantes. Estima-se um aumentode até 55,1% (R2=0,55) da mortalidade para o sexo masculino nos próximos anos. Conclusões: A implementação e o aperfeiçoamento de políticas públicas em saúde voltadas para a redução dos índices de mortalidade que acometem principalmente os homens é fundamental e substancial nas ações para identificação dos fatores de risco e, principalmente, no monitoramento dos óbitos. GENERAL MORTALITY IN SOUTHEASTERN PARÁ: A CLUSTER ANALYSIS BETWEEN SEXES Introduction: The primary follow-up of general mortality enables the identification of the epidemiological profile on regional differences that interfere in the reality of the population. Objective: The study aimed to identify the ratio of general mortality per year and sex, electing the differences in municipalities belonging to a regional health center in the Southeast of Pará state. Method: This is an ecological study of historical series between the years 2000 to 2015, with secondary data from all municipalities belonging to the 11th Regional Health Center of the state of Pará. Results: Of the 23 municipalities of the regional health, the municipalities of Curionópolis, Jacundá, Marabá and Rondon do Pará presented a high mortality rate for both sexes. The highest percentage of male deaths occurred in 2010 (67.9%) with a ratio equal to 5.40 per thous and in habitants. An increase of up to 55.1% (R2=0.55) in male mortality is estimated for the coming years. Conclusions: The implementation and improvement of public health policies aimed at reducing mortality rates that mainly affect men, is fundamental and substantial in actions to identify risk factors and monitoring of deaths.
Unternehmenserfolg durch Nachhaltigkeit – Reifegrad- und Vorgehensmodell zum Aufbau eines datenbasierten Nachhaltigkeitsmanagements
Authors: Glanze Eva , Nüttgens Markus , Ritzrau Will 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungIm Verlauf der letzten vier Jahrzehnte ist Nachhaltigkeit aufgrund vielfältiger nationaler und internationaler Initiativen zu einem zentralen Begriff auch in der Wirtschaftsinformatik geworden. Sie wird auf Basis des Drei-Säulen-Modells (Ökonomie, Ökologie, Soziales) operationalisiert und soll die Lebensgrundlage aktueller und zukünftiger Generationen sichern. Durch strengere gesetzliche Anforderungen, wachsenden Wettbewerbsdruck und die zunehmend von Nachhaltigkeitskriterien getriebenen Entscheidungen externer Interessengruppen sehen sich Unternehmen weltweit der zentralen Herausforderung gegenüber, Gewinnerzielung und Nachhaltigkeitskriterien in Einklang zu bringen. Eine wesentliche Grundlage hierfür bietet das datenbasierte betriebliche Nachhaltigkeitsmanagement. Das in diesem Beitrag vorgestellte Reifegradmodell synthetisiert und erweitert den aktuellen Stand der Forschung auf Basis einer Literaturrecherche. Es analysiert die organisationale Verwendung von Rahmenwerken, Kennzahlen und Steuerungswerkzeugen sowie die Reife des Nachhaltigkeitsdatenmanagements und die zu seiner Umsetzung verwendete IT-Architektur. Das Reifegrad- und das Vorgehensmodell sollen auch mittelständischen Unternehmen ein Instrumentarium bieten, um eine pragmatische Einschätzung des Status quo sowie des Entwicklungspotentials des eigenen Nachhaltigkeitsmanagements vorzunehmen.
Potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tarekegn Zewdu Seyoum , Dejene Haileyesus , Addisu Agerie , Dagnachew Shimelis 
Published: December 2020

Background
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular and neurotropic apicomplexan protozoan parasite infecting almost all warm-blooded vertebrates including humans. To date in Ethiopia, no systematic study has been investigated on the overall effects of potential risk factors associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals. We intended to determine the potential risk factors (PRFs) associated with seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii from published data among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals of Ethiopia.

Methodology
An systematic review of the previous reports was made. We searched PubMed, Science Direct, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar for studies with no restriction on the year of publication. All references were screened independently in duplicate and were included if they presented data on at least two risk factors. Meta-analysis using the random or fixed-effects model was made to calculate the overall effects for each exposure.

Results
Of the 216 records identified, twenty-four reports met our eligibility criteria, with a total of 6003 individuals (4356 pregnant women and 1647 HIV infected individuals). The pooled prevalences of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were found at 72.5% (95% CI: 58.7% - 83.1%) in pregnant women and 85.7% (95% CI: 76.3% - 91.8%) in HIV infected individuals. A significant overall effect of anti-Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity among pregnant women (p < 0.05) was witnessed with age, abortion history, contact with cats, cat ownership, having knowledge about toxoplasmosis, being a housewife and having unsafe water source. Age, cat ownership, and raw meat consumption were also shown a significant effect (p < 0.05) to anti-Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity among HIV infected individuals.

Conclusions
This review showed gaps and drawbacks in the earlier studies that are useful to keep in mind to design accurate investigations in the future. The pooled prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies was found to be higher among pregnant women and HIV infected individuals. This suggests that thousands of immunocompromised individuals (pregnant women and HIV infected patients) are at risk of toxoplasmosis due to the sociocultural and living standards of the communities of Ethiopia. Appropriate preventive measures are needed to reduce the exposure to Toxoplasma gondii infection. Further studies to investigate important risk factors are recommended to support the development of more cost-effective preventive strategies.
Prevalence and virulence gene profiles of Escherichia coli O157 from cattle slaughtered in Buea, Cameroon
Authors: Akomoneh Elvis Achondou , Esemu Seraphine Nkie , Jerome Kfusi Achah , Ndip Roland N. , Ndip Lucy M. 
Published: December 2020

Background
Escherichia coli O157 is an emerging foodborne pathogen of great public health concern. It has been associated with bloody diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uremic syndrome in humans. Most human infections have been traced to cattle and the consumption of contaminated cattle products. In order to understand the risk associated with the consumption of cattle products, this study sought to investigate the prevalence and identify virulence genes in E. coli O157 from cattle in Cameroon.

Method
A total of 512 rectal samples were obtained and analysed using conventional bacteriological methods (enrichment on modified Tryptone Soy Broth and selective plating on Cefixime-Tellurite Sorbitol Mac-Conkey Agar) for the isolation of E. coli O157. Presumptive E. coli O157 isolates were confirmed serologically using E. COLIPROTM O157 latex agglutination test and molecularly using PCR targeting the rfb gene in the isolates. Characterisation of the confirmed E. coli O157 strains was done by amplification of stx1, stx2, eaeA and hlyA virulence genes using both singleplex and multiplex PCR.

Results
E. coli O157 was detected in 56 (10.9%) of the 512 samples examined. The presence of the virulence genes stx2, eaeA and hylA was demonstrated in 96.4% (54/56) of the isolates and stx1 in 40 (71.4%) of the 54. The isolates exhibited three genetic profiles (I-III) with I (stx1, stx2, eaeA and hlyA) being the most prevalent (40/56; 71.4%) while two isolates had none of the virulence genes tested.

Conclusion
A proportion of cattle slaughtered in abattoirs in Buea are infected with pathogenic E. coli O157 and could be a potential source of human infections. We recommend proper animal food processing measures and proper hygiene be prescribed and implemented to reduce the risk of beef contamination.
Reseña de Pérez, Pilar, ¿Quién mata a Lucas Muñoz? Versiones sobre la vida, desaparición y muerte de un policía rionegrino.
Authors: Garaño Santiago 
Published: December 2020

Este texto reseña el libro de Pilar Pérez, ¿Quién mata a Lucas Muñoz ? Versiones sobre la vida, desaparición y muerte de un policía rionegrino; libro urgente, escrito con la necesidad de producir un relato histórico acerca de la desaparición y muerte de un policía rionegrino, ocurrida entre el 14 de julioy el 10 de agosto del 2016 en la ciudad de San Carlos de Bariloche. La urgencia tiene el propósito de impugnar la versión oficial que ha negado la participación de la Policía en su asesinato.
Reseña de la Mesa: “Memoria y Derechos Humanos. Desafíos en el contexto actual”.
Authors: Zubillaga Paula , Paganini Mariana 
Published: December 2020

El 20 de agosto del 2020 se llevó adelante la mesa de debate “Memoria y Derechos Humanos. Desafíos en el contexto actual”. El encuentro virtual estuvo moderado por el Licenciado en Ciencias Políticas Matías Cerezo y contó con la participación del Doctor Daniel Rafecas, titular del Juzgado Criminal y Correccional Federal N° 3 de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, la Doctora en Sociología y presidenta del Instituto de Desarrollo Económico y Social (IDES), Elizabeth Jelin y el Doctor en Ciencias Sociales y Director Nacional de Derechos Humanos y Derecho Internacional Humanitario del Ministerio de Defensa de la Nación, Eduardo Jozami. La actividad estuvo organizada por el Centro de Estudios de Memoria e Historia del Tiempo Presente de la UNTREF (CEM), que el propio Jozami dirige.
The Dazzling Comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE): The Comet of The Century
Authors: Khalil M. , Said M. , Osman H. , Younis N. , Khaled N. , Amr Y. , A. Mohamed N. , Brahim A. 
Published: December 2020

The newfound long period comet NEOWISE has the potential to be one of the brightest comets ever seen. The comet which was visible to the naked eye is considered as the comet of the century. This icy object was discovered on March 27, 2020. In this paper, we dive into some fascinating facts about NEOWISE comet that make such comet unique.Â Â
Book Review: Literacy as Translingual Practice: Between Communities and Classrooms, edited by A. Suresh Canagarajah, New York: Routledge, 2013
Authors: Al Sultan Hajar 
Published: December 2020

Review of Literacy as Translingual Practice: Between Communities and Classrooms, edited by A. Suresh Canagarajah, New York: Routledge, 2013.
FACTORS INFLUENCING WORD OF MOUTH INTENTION IN THE HEALTHY RESTAURANT INDUSTRY IN JAKARTA, INDONESIA
Authors: Bernarto Innocentius 
Published: December 2020

This research aims to understand whether food quality, personal interaction quality, physical environment qualtiy, and perceived value are positively related to satisfaction and its impact to commitment, trust, and word of mouth. The target population are customers who dined in healthy restaurants in Jakarta. The data was collected using questionnaire. There was a total of 403 respondents involved using convenience sampling method. The data was analyzed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling approach of SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results show that the food quality, personal interaction quality, physical environment quality, and perceived value were positively related to satisfaction. In addition, satisfction was also positively related to trust, commitment, and word of mouth. Meanwhile, commitment was positively related to word of mouth. However, trust was not positively related to word of mouth.
Keywords: Food Quality, Personal Interaction Quality, Physical Environment Quality, Perceived Value, Satisfaction, Trust, Commitment, Word of Mouth.
Education Inequality Revisited Through the Lived Experiences of Parents During Virtual Learning
Authors: Ghamrawi Norma , Shal Tarek , Machmouchi Ikram , Ghamrawi Najah 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of parents who providing support for their children during virtual learning to better understand whether virtual learning was potentially exacerbating or soothing access of children of various socio-economic statuses to education. For this purpose, an online survey was passed into all e-channels of parents of children enrolled in primary schools accessible by the researchers. A total of 87 respondents constituted the research sample. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 for windows, while qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Post to this, 3 e-focus group interviews were held with a total of 18 parents who volunteered to participate to better understand their view points. Findings show that parents are highly frustrated in relation to virtual schooling offered to their children. The underlying reasons for such exasperation have been attributed to the time that it requires them to put into their children learning; the money they needed to spend on technology; the lack of proficiency they suffered from using digital technologies; the preparedness of their children’s teachers in terms of using technologies; the competency of their children using digital technologies; and the internet connectivity in the country. It can be therefore concluded that student access to education in light of Covid-19 is getting more linked to higher levels of socio-economic statuses thus advancing education inequality even more.
The issue of school privatisation in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: KOUTOU N’Guessan Claude , GOIN BI Zamble Théodore 
Published: December 2020

The Ivorian state has been involved in the construction of public schools given their importance for development. Since the 1980s, there has been a reduction in funding linked to the economic crisis and structural adjustment programmes. Thus, by a convention the State will concede the public service of education to the private sector.
The results of this research on the conditions of access to private schools in the Abidjan district were analysed through a cross-sectional study with descriptive and analytical aims. This has led to disparities in costs between municipalities. 40,000 FCFA for minima and 1, 922,000 FCFA for maxima, a multiplication order of 48. In secondary school, the minimum is 43,000 FCFA and the maximum is 2, 706,000 FCFA, a multiplication order of 63. In higher education there are less disparities.
In total, there are many differences in the costs of schooling from one school to another. While the public-private partnership has encouraged more children to attend school, it has also created a challenge to access because of the expensive costs of attending school.
Photocatalytic Concrete Blocks Nanomodified with Zinc Oxide for Paving: Mechanical Performance and Microstructural Characteristics
Authors: Bica Bruno Oliveira , De Melo João Victor Staub , Gleize Philippe Jean Paul 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Concrete block pavement is considered an ideal substrate for the application of photocatalyst materials. In the paving area, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been the most widely used semiconductor because of its properties. However, zinc oxide (ZnO) has been recently used as an alternative material to TiO2 in heterogeneous photocatalysis, being applied mainly for the treatment of liquid effluents. In this perspective, the aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of concrete blocks nanomodified with ZnO in the degradation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) as well as the impact of the nanomaterial on the mechanical properties and microstructural characteristics of concretes. For this purpose, concretes were produced with ZnO incorporation of 3 %, 6 %, and 9 %, being submitted to photocatalytic tests, simple compressive strength, flexural strength, and dynamic Young’s modulus, as well as mercury intrusion porosimetry tests and image evaluations using scanning electron microscopy. Together, evaluation of the influence of nano-ZnO on cement paste hydration reactions was carried out. It could be concluded that the addition of ZnO to concrete provides photooxidative capacity to the material; however, it impairs the mechanical performance and the development of the cementitious matrix microstructure.