bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principles of mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kuzman Martina Rojnic , Curkovic Marko , Wasserman Danuta 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe describe the basic principles of mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic that should be endorsed by the mental health professional associations and incorporated in the health strategies for the management of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main principle is that there should be no substantial differences in the provision of health care for COVID-19 between persons with pre-existing mental health disorders and the ones without previous disorders. Subsequently, the organization of the health care should reflect that as well. These principles should (a) prevent the possible effects of stigmatizing attitudes toward mental health issues, possibly leading to potentially deleterious situations, such as psychiatric patients being treated (even temporarily) separately from other patients, in psychiatric facilities, where the staff is not equipped and trained adequately for the management of COVID-19; (b) highlight the fact that patients with mental health disorders are at greater risk for developing serious complications of COVID-19 infection due to other factors—they often smoke and have comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, all associated with higher morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 infection; (c) highlight that measures should be taken to minimize the risk of the spread of infection in psychiatric wards/institutions; (d) provide a general framework for the reorganization of mental health services toward the provision of services for persons in need, including frontline medical workers and patients with COVID-19 without previous mental health problems as well as for persons with pre-existing mental health problems under new circumstances of pandemic.
RIF1 controls replication initiation and homologous recombination repair in a radiation dose-dependent manner
Authors: Saito Yuichiro , Kobayashi Junya , Kanemaki Masato T. , Komatsu Kenshi 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
RIF1 controls both DNA replication timing and the DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway to maintain genome integrity. However, it remains unclear how RIF1 links these two processes following exposure to ionizing radiation (IR). Here, we show that inhibition of homologous recombination repair (HRR) by RIF1 occurs in a dose-dependent manner and is controlled via DNA replication. RIF1 inhibits both DNA end resection and RAD51 accumulation after exposure to high doses of IR. Contrastingly, HRR inhibition by RIF1 is antagonized by BRCA1 after a low-dose IR exposure. At high IR doses, RIF1 suppresses replication initiation by dephosphorylating MCM helicase. Notably, the dephosphorylation of MCM helicase inhibits both DNA end resection and HRR, even without RIF1. Thus, our data show the importance of active DNA replication for HRR and suggest a common suppression mechanism for DNA replication and HRR at high IR doses, both of which are controlled by RIF1.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Vegetative and endocrine predictors of individual immune responses to adaptogenic balneotherapy
Authors: Struk Zoryana , Mel’nyk Oksana , Zukow Walery , Popovych Igor 
Published: May 2020

Background. Earlier four variants of the immune responses to adaptogenic balneotherapy have been identified. All four variants of immune responses are virtually unmistakably predicted by a set of 20 predictors including 12 immune blood parameters and one saliva parameter, 4 information parameters, 2 fecal microbiota parameters as well as erythrocyturia. The purpose of this study is to search for predictors of immune responses among the registered parameters of the autonomic nervous and endocrine systems. Material and methods. The object of observation were 34 men and 10 women aged 24-70 years old, who came to the Truskavets’ spa for the treatment of chronic pyelonephritis combined with cholecystitis in remission. We determined them the HRV parameters and plasma levels of principal adaptation Hormones: Cortisol, Testosterone and Triiodothyronine. Results. Discriminant analysis revealed that constellation 8 HRV and 5 Endocrine parameters as well as Gender of the patient predicts the nature of the immune response with an accuracy of 90,9%. Conclusion. The previously revealed variety of immune responses to adaptogenic balneotherapy is quite strictly conditioned by the initial state of the neuroendocrine-immune complex and microbiota as well as the sex of patients.
Super-resolved multispectral lensless microscopy via angle-tilted, wavelength-multiplexed ptychographic modulation
Authors: Song Pengming , Wang Ruihai , Zhu Jiakai , Wang Tianbo , Bian Zichao , Zhang Zibang , Hoshino Kazunori , Murphy Michael , Jiang Shaowei , Guo Chengfei , Zheng Guoan 
Published: May 2020

We report an angle-tilted, wavelength-multiplexed ptychographic modulation approach for multispectral lensless on-chip microscopy. In this approach, we illuminate the specimen with lights at five wavelengths simultaneously. A prism is added at the illumination path for spectral dispersion. Thus, lightwaves at different wavelengths hit the specimen at slightly different incident angles, breaking the ambiguities in mixed-state ptychographic reconstruction. At the detection path, we place a thin diffuser between the specimen and the monochromatic image sensor for encoding the spectral information into 2D intensity measurements. By scanning the sample to different

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positions, we acquire a sequence of monochromatic images for reconstructing the five complex object profiles at the five wavelengths. An up-sampling procedure is integrated into the recovery process to bypass the resolution limit imposed by the imager pixel size. We demonstrate a half-pitch resolution of 0.55 µm using an image sensor with 1.85 µm pixel size. We also demonstrate quantitative and high-quality multispectral reconstructions of stained tissue sections for digital pathology applications.
Exploring the Interfaces between Ethnobiology and Ecotoxicology: A Novel Approach
Authors: Blanco Graziela Dias , Hanazaki Natalia , Cunha Suelen Beeck , Cremer Marta Jussara , Campos Mari Lucia 
Published: May 2020

In recent years, increases in urbanization and industrialization have led to an increase in contaminated areas, which directly affect traditional, indigenous, and local communities who use natural resources for food and medicine. We present a discussion about the use of food resources from areas contaminated with heavy metals and focus on two case studies in southern Brazil. In the first case study, we interviewed 194 residents about the use of plants as food resources or medicine in areas adjacent to abandoned mines, and thus potentially contaminated with heavy metals. In the second case study, we interviewed 39 fishers about the consumption of fish resources from areas potentially contaminated by industrial activities. We also asked about their perceptions regarding contamination, changes in the landscape, and health problems that could be related to contamination. Although people are aware of contamination, consuming local plants and sea food has not stopped because some of these practices are directly linked to their cultural identity; additionally, there might be a lack of public recognition toward contamination. The combination of ethnoecological and ecotoxicological studies is necessary to assess environmental problems caused by heavy metals, as well as concerns about food security and the health of local communities.
Esophageal Manometry Competency Program Improves Gastroenterology Fellow Performance in Motility Interpretation
Authors: DeLay Kelli , Pandolfino John E. , Gyawali C. Prakash , Frye Jeanetta , Kaizer Alexander , Menard-Katcher Paul , Sloan Joshua A. , Gawron Andrew J. , Peterson Kathryn , Carlson Dustin A. , Khan Abraham , Keswani Rajesh N. , Yadlapati Rena 
Published: May 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Competency-based medical education (CBME) for interpretation of esophageal manometry is lacking; therefore, motility experts and instructional designers developed the esophageal manometry competency (EMC) program: a personalized, adaptive learning program for interpretation of esophageal manometry. The aim of this study was to implement EMC among Gastroenterology (GI) trainees and assess the impact of EMC on competency in manometry interpretation.

METHODS:
GI fellows across 14 fellowship programs were invited to complete EMC from February 2018 to October 2018. EMC includes an introductory video, baseline assessment of manometry interpretation, individualized learning pathways, and final assessment of manometry interpretation. The primary outcome was competency for interpretation in 7 individual skill sets.

RESULTS:
Forty-four GI trainees completed EMC. Participants completed 30 cases, each including 7 skill sets. At baseline, 4 (9%) participants achieved competency for all 7 skills compared with 24 (55%) at final assessment (P < 0.001). Competency in individual skills increased from a median of 4 skills at baseline to 7 at final assessment (P < 0.001). The greatest increase in skill competency was for diagnosis (Baseline: 11% vs Final: 68%; P < 0.001). Accuracy improved for distinguishing between 5 diagnostic groups and was highest for the Outflow obstructive motility disorder (Baseline: 49% vs Final: 76%; P < 0.001) and Normal motor function (50% vs 80%; P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
This prospective multicenter implementation study highlights that an adaptive web-based training platform is an effective tool to promote CBME. EMC completion was associated with significant improvement in identifying clinically relevant diagnoses, providing a model for integrating CBME into subspecialized areas of training.
Reevaluating Goals of Therapy in Primary Biliary Cholangitis: Is Good Enough Is Not Good Enough Anymore?
Authors: Bower Richard J. , Frenette Catherine 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune-mediated inflammatory cholestatic liver disease, which can progress to cirrhosis. This issue of The American Journal of Gastroenterology features the results of the GLOBAL PBC Study Group evaluating patients with PBC over a 10-year period. Although biochemical response was evaluated in previous studies, this study showed that bilirubin levels ≤0.6 upper limit of normal or normal levels of alkaline phosphatase are associated with the lowest risk for liver transplantation or death in patients with PBC.
Petitioning about the Revolutionary Nation: Social History and Communication under the Early Kérékou Regime in Benin, 1975–1977
Authors: Keese Alexander 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In Benin under the authoritarian regime installed by Mathieu Kérékou in 1972—officially “Marxist-Leninist” from 1974 onwards—individuals sent an impressive number of petitions to the president himself. Those were analyzed and commented on by the presidential office (the cabinet civil), and put into wider debates on “revolutionary norms” and “social realities” in the postcolonial society. Categorizing them into the three narratives of conspiracy and political struggles, sorcery and “traditional religion,” and conflict regarding land and family structures, I argue that the interpretation of such petitions and their contexts of tensions and conflicts allows creating a social historical panorama for the years 1975 to 1977. The themes express principal concerns and contradictions in (southern) Beninese society, and their analysis constitutes a mighty statement regarding the importance of such archival sources for postindependence social histories in West Africa.
The Unlike Pair
Authors: Carrasco Clare 
Published: May 2020

Between 1919 and 1923 Arnold Schoenberg’s Chamber Symphony, op. 9 (1906) and Franz Schreker’s Chamber Symphony (1916) were repeatedly programmed together on public concerts in Germany. Critics reviewing these and other postwar performances often framed the two works in a distinctive and, by today’s standards, surprising way: they aligned Schoenberg’s Chamber Symphony with an “expressionist” and Schreker’s Chamber Symphony with an “impressionist” musical aesthetic. With roots in prewar German critical and historical writing, impressionism and expressionism functioned as multifaceted, contextually contingent concepts in postwar music criticism. They bore not only music-stylistic but also psychological, national, and racial implications, thus serving as important mechanisms through which critics could engage music in broader cultural and political debates.
Even as critics writing after the Great War almost universally—if certainly reductively—aligned Schreker’s Chamber Symphony with impressionism and Schoenberg’s Chamber Symphony with expressionism, they fiercely disagreed about the relative cultural value of these contrasting orientations. Schoenberg and Schreker were thereby implicated in discussions that related their music to pressing contemporary questions of political radicalism, national identity, and Jewishness. Critical reception of postwar performances of this “unlike pair” of chamber symphonies thus documents a consequential yet neglected chapter in the conceptual history of musical “impressionism” and “expressionism”: a chapter in which German-language critics first connected the two terms in a complex, politically laden relationship.
ENDOCRINOLOGY IN THE TIME OF COVID-19: Management of thyroid nodules and cancer
Authors: Vrachimis Alexis , Iakovou Ioannis , Giannoula Evanthia , Giovanella Luca 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMost patients with thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer (TC) referred for diagnostic work-up and treatment are not considered at higher risk of infection from SARS-CoV-2 compared to the general population. On the other hand, healthcare resources should be spared to the maximum extent possible during a pandemic. Indeed, while thyroid nodules are very common, only a small percentage are cancerous and, in turn, most thyroid cancers are indolent in nature. Accordingly, diagnostic work-up of thyroid nodules, thyroid surgery for either benign or malignant thyroid nodules and radioiodine treatment for differentiated thyroid cancers may be safely postponed during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Appropriate patient counselling, however, is mandatory and red flags should be carefully identified prompting immediate evaluation and treatment as appropriate. For these selected cases diagnostic work-up (e.g. ultrasound, scintigraphy, fine-needle aspiration), surgery and radioiodine therapy may proceed despite the threat of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19, after an individual risk-benefit analysis.
Live Birth Criteria when Defning Life as an Object of Protection under Criminal Law
Authors: Korobeev A. I. , Shirshov A. A. 
Published: May 2020

The achievements of modern medical science have led to the situation when children born deeply premature have a chance to survive. In the paper, the authors examine the problems of determining the initial moment of human life associated with the life birth criteria, analyze approaches to the definition of live birth criteria adopted by the World Health Organization and consolidated by Russian experts in the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia of 27 December 2011 No. 1687n “On Medical Criteria of Birth, Form of the Birth Document and the Procedure for its Issuance” (as amended on 13 September 2019).The authors intended to identify and analyze some issues related to the lack of regulation of the legal status of deeply premature babies born 22 weeks premature or if the body weight of such children is not more than 500 g from the moment of their birth until they are seven days old. The authors are critical of the actual lack of legal regulation of the status of such children, assess the legal provisions regulating the mandatory resuscitation measures in relation to such children with due regard to the risks of further development of pathologies.The paper provides for the conclusions about the need to clarify the conceptual and categorical apparatus in relation to the criteria of live birth, more complete consideration by domestic specialists of the criteria of live birth proposed by the World Health Organization, the need to take into account parents’ opinion concerning the extent of medical care for deeply premature children, including intensive care, within the framework of the institution of informed voluntary consent.The authors call for special caution to examine any proposals to extend the limits of responsibility of medical workers, especially those related to the existence of gaps and ambiguities of the legal regulation.
Law-Making Process in the Russian Empire: Urban Planning Policy and Legislation
Authors: Pirozhkova I. G. 
Published: May 2020

The paper presents the evolution of law-making process in the Russian Empire through the prism of urban planning legal regulation. It covers the period of uncodified and codified legislation with the period up to the appearance of the Digest of Laws of the Russian Empire (all its editions) and the Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire (PSZRI). In these materials, the author identified about 300 historical normative acts related to the regulation of urban development from the era of Peter the Great to 1825 (the period systematized in the PSZRI), and a number of major codified acts of the 19th — early 20th century. The analysis of their content and form formed the basis for conclusions about the quality of law-making process in the Russian Empire.Based on the analysis of normative material covering construction, architectural legislation, legal norms in the field of organization of urban development, the author considers the characteristic features of pre-revolutionary law-making process in encouraging the creation of normative acts, conceptual techniques of legal technology, systematization characteristics. Subjects of law-making process are singled out. Normative acts are classified according to different grounds, a parallel is drawn with the modern hierarchy of normative acts, and historical features of their typology are highlighted. The author draws conclusions about the inaccurate classification of the main identified acts (charters) as codes, about the prevalence of legal idealism in the concept and policy of urban planning regulation. The source of fixing public relations in the form of a legal norm is the monarch’s will. In the research area it is based on the idea of an ideal city, the concept of which has evolved from the idea of regularity to a rational capitalist space. It was supplemented by proposals from the professional community at the end of the period.
Behavioral effects of new compounds based on coumarin in rats
Authors: Kashirin Anton O. , Polukeev Valery A. , Pshenichnaya Anna G. , Rodionova Olga M. , Safonova Albina F. , Lebedev Viktor A. , Lebedev Andrei A. , Shabanov Petr D. 
Published: May 2020

Introduction. A study of the effects of coumarins has not received widespread use in medicine, largely due to the lack of optimal dosage forms, the creation of which is complicated by their poor solubility in water. Currently, studies are underway on the synthesis of macromolecules, combining various structural fragments, which will lead to increased biological activity of the synthesized coumarin derivatives compared to natural coumarins.
The aim of this work was to study the central effect of new coumarin-based compounds: IEM-2262, IEM-2263, IEM-2266, IEM-2267 on emotional and research behavior in rats.
Methods. Studies have been carried out using battery of tests that are commonly used to study emotional and exploratory behavior: an open field test and an elevated plus maze in rats. The neuroprotector mexidol (200 mg/kg i.p., Farmasoft, Russia) was used as a reference substance.
Results. Coumarins (1050 mg/kg ip) have been shown to have a mild psychotropic, predominantly anti-anxiety and sedative effect. 7-Alkoxycoumarins (IEM-2262 and IEM-2266) and 4-aminocoumarins (IEM-2263 and IEM-2267) have different sensitivity in the open field compared with the effects in the elevated plus maze. Anxiolytic properties appeared in the elevated plus maze after the administration of 4-aminocoumarins (IEM-2263 and IEM-2267). The number of defecation boluses in the open field decreased as a result of the administration of 7-alkoxycoumarins (IEM-2262), which was associated not only with fear of novelty, but to a greater extent with anti-stress action. Thus, the new coumarin derivatives have mild tranquilizing and anti-stress effects and can be used in the future for post-traumatic stress disorders with panic attacks.
Counterfeit medicines and combating in the Russian Federation
Authors: Pozhilova Elena V. , Novikov Vasiliy E. , Guseva Ekaterina S. , Savchenko Alexandra V. 
Published: May 2020

Summary. Falsification of medicines is a global problem in the modern world.
The aim of the work is to analyze the problem of falsification of drugs in the Russian pharmaceutical market and measures to counter the creation and distribution of counterfeit drugs.
Methods. Collection, systematization and analysis of modern data of scientific literature and the results of their own research on the relevant problem.
Results. The share of counterfeit pharmaceutical products in Russia can reach 12%. The most common category of counterfeit drugs on the Russian pharmaceutical market the so-called drugs-copies. Visual distinctive features of counterfeit drugs are presented. According to the survey of pharmacy workers, 22.5% of pharmacists and pharmacists met with counterfeit drugs in their practice. The effectiveness of measures to combat counterfeit drugs in Russia is discussed. Huge hopes in this regard are placed on the track and Trance drug monitoring system.
Conclusion. The fight against drug counterfeits must be systematic and involve all stakeholders. It is necessary to identify counterfeits at all stages of promotion of medicines from the manufacturer to the consumer. It is important for drug manufacturers to disseminate information about the distinctive features of their original products. The health Ministry promptly inform the pharmacy network about detected counterfeits. Employees of pharmacies should be familiar with modern methods of detecting counterfeit. Consumers medications needed to use the capabilities of the new system of monitoring medicines Track and Trance.
The 1258 Earthquake in Onteniente (Southeast Spain) Not Reported until 2002 in Any Catalog
Authors: Buforn Elisa , Udías Agustín 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHistorical seismicity is particularly important for the southeast region of the Iberian Peninsula, where large earthquakes are separated by long periods of time. The study of medieval earthquakes presents special difficulties. In this study, we review the earthquake of 1258 in the town of Onteniente, an event that was not present in regional catalogs of the Iberian Peninsula until 2002. Information about the earthquake is based on a contemporary letter by King James I of Aragon, who granted tax exemptions to the people of the town of Onteniente because of the damage.