bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Views of teachers’ and students’ regarding the distribution of subjects in phase II and phase III of MBBS course
Authors: Rahman Md Mohibur , Talukder Md Humayun Kabir 
Published: December 2019

This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in twelve medical colleges of Bangladesh to assess the views of teachers and students regarding the distribution of subjects in Phase II and Phase III of MBBS curriculum 2012. This study was conducted from July 2017 to Apr 2018 where views were collected from 91 teachers and 991 students. Study revealed that, 90.1% respondents mentioned for rearrangement of subjects and around 87.9% teachers and 90.3% students opined for addition of Pathology subjects in Phase II of MBBS course. Study also recommended that more extensive study is needed to get an unanimous opinion from the students and medical teachers regarding the subjects in Phase II and Phase III of MBBS course.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.10(2) 2019: 19-22
Difficulties Faced by the Undergraduate Medical Students in Relation to Institution and Hostel Campus: Views of Selected Medical Colleges of Bangladesh
Authors: Haque Farhana , Talukder Md Humayun Kabir , Alam Kazi Khairul , Khan Sadia Jabeen , Karim Md Rezaul 
Published: December 2019

This study set out to identify the institutional difficulties encountered by the undergraduate medical students of Bangladesh. This was a descriptive type of cross sectional study, conducted from July 2017 to June 2018. The population of the study consisted of undergraduate medical students and medical teachers of 8 medical colleges of Bangladesh including both government and non-government which were located in Dhaka and outside of the Dhaka. Medical colleges and medical teachers were selected purposively and students were selected by the convenience sampling technique. The questionnaire using five points Likert scale were administered on 1059 medical students and in-depth interviews were conducted with 13 medical teachers. The study revealed that most of the students faced institutional related difficulties, particularly cleanliness of campus 480 (45.6%), unclean toilet 762 (72%), poor quality canteen 663 (63%), poor games facilities 792 (75%), insufficient hostel accommodation 669 (65.2%), unclean hostel 652 (63.5%), insufficient recreation facilities in hostel 702 (68.5%) and irregular hostel supervision by the authority 590 (57.6%). Based on the study, it was suggested that concerned authority should consider the findings and should take some significant steps for sustainable solutions to the difficulties of the students.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.10(2) 2019: 23-25
Learning Style Preferences Among Undergraduate Medical Students: An Experience from Different Medical Colleges of Bangladesh
Authors: Karim Md Rezaul , Asaduzzaman AKM , Talukder Md Humayun Kabir , Alam Kazi Khairul , Haque Farhana , Khan Sadia Jabeen 
Published: December 2019

This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted to determine the learning styles of undergraduate medical students. The study period was from July 2017 to June 2018. The study was carried out among the students of 2nd, 3rd and 4th phases of MBBS course of 3 government and 4 non-government medical colleges of Bangladesh. Out of 7 medical colleges, 4 were within Dhaka and 3 were from outside Dhaka. The sample size was 1004 students. Medical colleges were selected purposively and convenience sampling technique was adopted for data collection. Bangla translated version Fleming's VARK (visual, auditory, read/write and kinesthetic) questionnaire was used to identify the learning styles of students. The study revealed that out of 1004 medical students, 64.2% preferred multimodal learning styles and rest 35.8% preferred unimodal learning styles. Among unimodal learning preferences, auditory (A) and kinesthetic (K) were the most preferred sensory modalities of learning. Among multimodal learning styles preferences, the combination of auditory & kinesthetic (AK) and auditory, read/write & kinesthetic (ARK) were predominant. There were only significant differences of the mean scores of visual (V) learning style among the male and female students. Majority of students preferred multimodal learning styles. Students are able to learn effectively as long as the teacher provides a blend of visual, auditory, read/writing and kinesthetic activates. The study recommended that teachers should be aware of the medical students' learning styles and aligning teaching-learning methods with learning styles will improve their learning and academic performance.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.10(2) 2019: 26-30
Acute Toxicity Test of Ethanolic Extract of Dayak Onion Leaves (Eleutherine americana Merr.) Toward Wistar Female Rats Using OECD 425 Method
Authors: Wahdaningsih Sri , Untari Eka Kartika , Robiyanto - 
Published: December 2019

Pre-clinically, the potential of Eleutherine americana Merr. as antioxidant has been studied, but it’s safety level of its safety has not been widely known. Safety level of ethanolic extract of E. americana Merr leaves (EEEaL) can be detected by acute toxicity test using OECD 425. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute toxicity of EEEaL as the guideline of its safe dose for therapy. This test was performed through OECD 425 (Up and Down Procedure) method with two doses (2000 and 5000 mg/kgbw) of EEEaL administration orally which observed for two weeks toward Wistar rats. The results of the test dose showed no toxic symptoms and they did not cause death in the test animals. Single dosage up to 5000 mg/kgbw also did not show any symptoms of toxicity, and did not cause weight loss until the 14th day of test. The LD50 value of EEEaL is more than 5000 mg/kgbw, suggesting that the plants is practically non toxic according to Loomis classification. Phytochemical screening showed that EEEaL contains compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, and saponins.
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(2): 171-177, 2019 (December)
Phytochemical Investigation of Calophyllum inophyllum L.
Authors: Islam Quazi Sufia , Sohrab Md Hossain , Sharmin Suraiya , Hasan Choudhury Mahmood 
Published: December 2019

Repeated chromatographic separation and purification of the dichloromethane-methanol (1:1) extract of the stem bark of Calophyllum inophyllum led to the isolation of four secondary metabolites which were identified as β-friedelin (1), α-friedelan-3-ol (2), 4-hydroxyxanthone (3) and stigmast-5-en-3-one (4) by analysis of their NMR data and comparison with published values
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(2): 179-182, 2019 (December)
Determination of Preservatives in Fruit Juice Products Available in Bangladesh by a Validated RP HPLC Method
Authors: Islam Md Samiul , Zahan Nisat , Hossain Md Shahadat , Rouf Abu Shara Shamsur 
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate whether fruit juices available in markets of Bangladesh contain any preservative. A specific RP-HPLC method was developed, validated and applied to identify and quantify preservatives including benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methyl paraben and propyl paraben simultaneously in 50 different products. These additives were separated by C18 column in mobile phase composed of methanol and acetate buffer (pH 4.4) in the ratio of 50:50 with a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min, and detected at 254 nm. Linearities for benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methyl paraben and propyl paraben were determined in the range of 20-170 ppm (r2 0.997), 12-42 ppm (r2 0.994), 10-60 ppm (r2 0.993) and 10-60 ppm (r2 0.992) respectively. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 5.46 ppm and 16.5 ppm for benzoic acid while for sorbic acid they were 1.08 ppm and 3.30 ppm, respectively. Benzoic acid was detected in a range of 96.1 to 441 ppm in 9 fruit juices while in 7 fruit juices sorbic acid was found in a range of 105 - 444 ppm. The values were within the maximum allowable ranges for fruit juice (1000 ppm for both benzoic acid and sorbic acid) as suggested by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). None of the juice product was found to contain methyl paraben or propyl paraben
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(2): 195-208, 2019 (December)
Potential Antibacterial Activity of Two Important Local Chewing Sticks “Fagara zanthoxyloides and Distemonanthus benthamianus” along with Antioxidant Capacities
Authors: Shittu AO , Aliyu A , David MS , Njinga NS , Ishaq HI 
Published: December 2019

In order to authenticate and ascertain the various claim by the rural dwellers that depend on chewing sticks for their oral hygiene and protection against innumerable diseases, the antibacterial activity of the roots of Fagara zanthoxyloides and Distemonanthus benthamianus were evaluated. Preliminary phytochemical screening was carried out using standard methods. In-vitro antibacterial activity of the methanol extracts of both plants was also carried out using the agar well diffusion method against standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Salmonella typhii ATCC 14028, Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 and also some clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis at different concentrations and ratios. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed that the extracts contained alkaloids, saponin, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides and phenol. All the test microorganisms were susceptible to the inhibitory effect of the extracts at concentrations of 200 mg/ml and 500 mg/ml. F. zanthoxyloides had better antimicrobial activity with zones of inhibition ranging from 21.0 to 26.0 mm at 200 mg/ml and 24.3 to 29.3 mm at 500 mg/ml while D. benthamianus had zones of inhibition ranging from 17.7 to 26.7 mm at 200 mg/mL and 19.0 to 26.7 mm at 500 mg/mL. Some of the test microorganisms were resistant to the standard antibiotics (cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and gentamicin). Combinations of the extracts in ratios 50:50 and 75:25 yielded no increase in activity. The MIC and MBC for D. benthamianus ranged from 6.25 mg/ml to 100 mg/mL and 25 to 200 mg/ml, respectively while that of F. zanthoxyloides ranged from 1.56 mg/ml to 12.5 mg/mL and 50 to 200 mg/ml, respectively. The antimicrobial activity demonstrated by F. zanthoxyloides and D. benthamianus indicates that they would be valuable in the management of urinary, respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts infections while at the same time helping to mitigate the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Phenolic compounds of plants, among them flavonoids are the chief constituents, which have potent antioxidant activities
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(2): 223-232, 2019 (December)
In- vitro antioxidant and In vivo Anti-inflammatory Potentials of Marantochloa Leucantha (Marantaceae) Extracts and Fractions
Authors: Obonga Wilfred O , Nnadi Charles O , Chima Chinonye C , Okafor Sunday N , Omeje Edwin O 
Published: December 2019

This study evaluated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Marantochloa leucantha (Marantaceae). The in vitro antioxidant activity of the extracts and solvent fractions was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) assay models and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity by the rat paw edema model. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of tannins, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, reducing sugar and phenolics. The antioxidant assay showed that all the extracts exhibited high antioxidant activity comparable with ascorbic and gallic acid controls. In DPPH model, a 250 μg/ml EtOAc fraction of the leaves showed antioxidant activity of 93.9 ± 1.7 % (EC50 0.82 μg/ml) and a 1000 μg/ml of same stem fraction produced 91.9 ± 0.3 % activity (EC50 1.38 μg/ml). In the FRAP model, EtOAc fraction exhibited 31.1±0.7 and 92.0 ± 2.2 μM Fe2+/g of dried leaves and stem, respectively at 1000 μg/ml FeSO4 equivalent. The anti-inflammatory potential of the plant showed that the crude stem extract and fractions at 200 - 600 mg/kg exhibited significant (p < 0.01) dose-related inhibition of paw edema in rats. A 200 mg/kg EtOAc fraction showed 18.8 % inhibition compared to 31 % observed in diclofenac-treated rats in 2 h post albumin challenge. These findings validated the folkloric use of this plant in the treatment of diseases associated to the oxidative stress and could further provide promising lead compounds with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities
Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 18(2): 233-240, 2019 (December)
Türkiye’de kadınların aile planlaması yöntemleri kullanma durumları ve tutumları: Sistematik derleme
Authors: Gavas Esma , İnal Sevil 
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu derleme, Türkiye’deki kadınların aile planlaması (AP) yöntemleri kullanma durumlarının ve AP yöntemleri kullanımına yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Sistematik derleme niteliğindeki bu araştırmada; elde edilen sonuçlar, araştırmanın yapıldığı yer, araştırma yöntemi, araştırma kapsamı ve sonuçları bakımından sistematik bir şekilde ele alındı ve sonuçlar tartışma bölümünde irdelendi. AP yöntemleri, kadın, Türkiye, kadın sağlığı, aile planlaması anahtar kelimeleri girilerek, Web of Science, Pubmed, Science Direct, Medline, Ovid, Pro Quest, Google Akademik, ULAK BİM Türk Tıp Dizini veri tabanları, tez merkezi, üniversitelerin kütüphanelerinde bu konuda yapılmış tezler incelenerek, 2007-2017 yılları arasında yapılmış toplam 12 çalışma araştırmaya dahil edildi. Bulgular: Kullanılan aile planlaması yöntemlerinin dağılımı incelendiğinde, araştırmaya göre oldukça değişen oranlarda farklı aile planlaması yöntemlerinin tercih edildiği belirlendi. Geleneksel bir yöntem olan geri çekme yönteminin araştırmaya göre değişmekle birlikte ilk sıralarda tercih edilen yöntemlerden biri olduğu saptandı (%9.1-%61.3). Kondom kullanım oranı %13.2- %47.3 arasında, rahim içi araç kullanım oranı %19.1’i - %25.2 ve hap kullanım oranı %13.9-%50.9 arasında değişmekteydi. Çoğu çalışmada sosyal güvencesi olanların, eğitim düzeyi yüksek olanların, çalışan kadınların Aile Planlaması Tutum Ölçeği puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Sonuçlar: Türkiye’deki kadınların aile planlaması yöntemleri hakkında bilgi düzeylerinin düşük olduğu ve AP yöntemlerini etkili şekilde kullanmadığı görülmektedir. Modern aile planlaması yöntemi kullanma oranı düşük, geri çekme yöntemi kullanma oranı yüksektir. Eğitimli, sosyal güvencesi olan ve çalışan kadınların, aile planlaması yöntemleri kullanımı ile ilgili tutumlarının daha olumlu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçların Türkiye’de kadınların AP yöntemleri kullanma durumlarının ve AP yöntemlerine ilişkin tutumlarının belirlenmesinin, kadınlara AP konusunda yapılacak eğitimlerin planlanmasında yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Vardiyalı çalışan mutfak personelinin yeme davranışı, beden kütle indeksi ve bel-kalça oranlarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Şehit Kübra , Anul Nejla , Batar Nazlı , Cin Pelin , Ekici Gözde 
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Vardiya sistemine göre ‘gece mesai-gündüz uyku’ şeklinde devam eden yaşam düzeni, bireylerin sirkadiyen ritim ve yeme davranışlarını olumsuz etkileyerek beden kütle indekslerinde farklılıklara yol açmaktadır. Bu araştırmada vardiya sistemine bağlı değişen yaşam düzeninin yeme davranışı, beden kütle indeksi ve bel-kalça oranı üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu araştırma yemek fabrikalarında gece çalışan 50 mutfak personeline yapılmıştır. Bireylere genel sağlık durumları, beslenme alışkanlıkları, çalışma ve uyku saatleri, fiziksel aktiviteleri ve besin tüketimlerinin sorgulandığı bir anket formu uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca antropometrik ölçümleri alınarak beden kütle indeksleri ve bel/kalça oranları hesaplanmıştır. Bulgular: Toplam uyku süresine ve uyunan saat aralığına göre beden kütle indeksi ve bel/kalça oranının değerlendirilmesi sonucunda, uyku süresi 6-7 saat arasında olanların değerleri 8-9 saat arasında olanlardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Katılımcıların vardiyalı çalışma süreleri 1-3, 3-6, 6-10 ve 10 yıl üzeri olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, 1-3 ve 3-6 yıl süre ile vardiyalı çalışanların beden kütle indeksi ortalamalarının ve bel/kalça oranlarının, 6-10 ve 10 yıl ve üzerinde vardiyalı çalışanların değerlerinden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde düşük bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada katılımcılar akşam yemeği saatlerine göre ikiye ayrılmıştır. Akşam yemeği saati 17.00-19:30 olanların beden kütle indeksi ortalamaları, 20.00-24.00 olanlardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışmanın sonucunda yedi saatten az uyumanın beden kütle indeksini arttırdığı, altı yıldan uzun süre vardiyalı sistemde çalışmanın obeziteye neden olduğu ve gece vardiyasında çalışanların akşam yemeğini erken saatte yedikten sonra gece geç saatlerde tekrar yemek yedikleri için kilo artışı yaşadıkları tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları benzer literatür bilgilerini destekler niteliktedir.
Lise öğrencilerinde akran zorbalığı ve mağduriyetinin incelenmesi
Authors: Adalar Çelenk Tuğba Eda , Yıldızlar Osman 
Published: December 2019

ÖZET
Amaç: Bu çalışma lise öğrencilerinde akran zorbalığı ve mağduriyetinin sıklığını, zorbalık türlerinin sosyo-demografik özelliklere göre değişimini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı türdeki araştırma Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde yer alan bir ilçenin pansiyonları ile aynı kampüs içinde bulunan fen ve meslek lisesindeki 478 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında valilik oluru, etik kurul izni ve gerekli rızalar alınmıştır. Veriler “Akran Zorbalığı Belirleme Ölçeği-Ergen Formu” ile anket formu kullanılarak öz bildirime dayalı ve yüz yüze görüşmeyle toplanmıştır. Analizde ise yüzde, ortalama, Kolmogorov Smirnov testi, Tek yönlü varyans analizi, T-testi, TUKEY testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Fiziksel zorbalık ortalamasının; X̅=1.67±0.77 ile diğer akran zorbalığı türlerine en yüksek ve fiziksel mağduriyet ortalamasının; X̅=1.87±0.76 ile diğer mağduriyet türlerine göre en yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. 9.sınıf öğrencilerinin diğer sınıflara göre daha fazla zorbalık yaptığı ve mağdur olduğu bulunmuştur. Öğrencilere göre; zorbalık olayları okul alanları içinde, en fazla %17.3 ile pansiyonda olmaktadır. Sonuçlar: Okul çapında fiziksel zorbalık ve mağduriyetin önlenmesi için gerekli rehberlik planlanmalıdır. En fazla zorbalık yapan, zorbalığa maruz kalan 9.sınıf öğrencileri ve pansiyonda kalan öğrenciler öncelikli tutularak, okuldaki tüm öğrenciler için koruyucu, engelleyici tedbirler alınmalıdır.
Struktur Komunitas Fitoplankton di Perairan Pesisir Pulau Siantan Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas Provinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Puspita Lani , Notowinarto Notowinarto , Gunawan Rudi 
Published: December 2019

Phytoplankton as a producers and natural food for fish have an important role in aquatic ecosystems, thus indirectly affecting the availability of fish catches. The research was conducted at Siantan Island Coastal Area Anambas Islands District Riau Islands Province. This coastal area is one of the fishing grounds in Anambas Island. This study aims to analyze the community structure of phytoplankton at Siantan Island Coastal Area Anambas Islands District Riau Islands Province. Sampling was conducted during March and April 2012. Community structure parameters analyzed include Species Diversity Level, Species Uniformity Level, and Species Dominance Level. Data were analyzed spatially and temporally. Similarity between the sampling locations was conduted by Multivariate Analysis - Cluster. Results of data analysis showed that the phytoplankton of Bacillariophyceae Class found in the most abundant amount. Diversity Index Value indicates that the level of phytoplankton plankton community in a state of moderate. Species Uniformity Index Value and Species Dominance Index Value indicates that phytoplankton in the three sampling locations are generally in a state of uniform and no one dominates. All three sampling locations have relatively the same condition and between sampling times (morning, afternoon, and evening) are also not very different condition. Keywords: phytoplankton, coastal, Anambas Islands
ANALISIS RESIDU BETA SIFLUTRIN PADA TANAMAN KANGKUNG (Ipomoea reptans)
Authors: Ismarti Ismarti 
Published: December 2019

Kesehatan individu tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kesehatan lingkungan. Pestisida yang diaplikasikan pada tanaman pangan dan sayuran dapat tertinggal pada tanaman, jatuh ke tanah dan menjadi sumber polutan di lingkungan. Dalam studi ini dilakukan analisis residu insektisida piretroid dengan bahan aktif beta siflutrin yang diaplikasikan pada tanaman kangkung. Insektisida yang digunakan adalah Buldock 25EC dengan dosis anjuran maksimum. Pengambilan residu beta siflutrin dilakukan dengan metode ekstraksi menggunakan pelarut diklorometana dan petroleum eter (1:1) dan proses clean up dengan kolom berlapis karbon dan florisil. Penetapan kadar dilakukan dengan kromatografi gas resolusi tinggi dengan detektor ECD (Electron Capture Detector).Laju sorpsi pada tanaman kangkung lebih besar dari pada laju dissipasi mengindikasikan terjadinya akumulasi residu pestisida pada tanaman kangkung. Akumulasi beta siflutrin terjadi hingga hari ke-15 dan selanjutnya beta siflutrin mengalami dissipasi dengan konstanta laju 3,3 x 10-2 hari-1. DT50 beta siflutrin pada kangkung ditemukan cukup besar, yaitu 21,005 hari.Kata kunci: residu beta siflutrin, Bulldock 2EC, kangkung
A SEMIOATIC ANALYSIS OF “CITRA” PRODUCT OF SKIN CARE ADVERTISEMENT
Authors: Megah S. Suswanto Ismadi 
Published: December 2019

This study is about advertiemnet of the skin care for women, particularly in Indoensia. This study used semiotic theory of the advertisement of the women product od the skin care. So, this product sold out due to of this case.This study took adat from the product of the “cira” product of the skin care. So, this study only used semiotics study of the skin care of the citra product. This study can be concluded that the skin care/treatment for women with natural ingredient. This shows that the meaning of the sign of the women is skin. The skin is as measurement of the women performance and esteem. Keywords : Semiotics, Product and Advertisement