Arthroscopic Debridement in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Comprehensive Analysis of Functional Outcomes
Authors: Aleid Abbas Fadeil , Kubbara Majd F. , Alnuwaybit Abdullah Fahad , Alshahrani Turki , Alsanad Faisal Abdullah , Almaymoni Abdulrahman Ali , Khuzayyim Ahmed Ali Abdulaziz , Alaidarous Hasan Ali Abdullah , Aldanyowi Saud Nayef Salem 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and debilitating joint disease, affecting a substantial portion of the global population. Its pathological progression leads to cartilage degeneration, resulting in pain, stiffness and reduced joint mobility. Despite its widespread prevalence, the precise aetiology and effective treatments for OA remain areas of active research and clinical interest. Among the various therapeutic modalities, arthroscopic debridement has garnered attention for its potential in improving the functional outcomes of OA patients. This study aims to investigate the impact of arthroscopic debridement on functional outcomes, with a specific focus on a cohort of empowered knee OA patients.

Methods:
This research employed a cross-sectional study design involving 587 individuals who had previously undergone strengthening exercises to alleviate symptoms associated with knee OA. The study participants were selected based on specific inclusion criteria, ensuring a comprehensive representation of the target population. The data were collected through standardised questionnaires that captured essential information about knee OA symptoms, the effectiveness of strengthening exercises and the subsequent impact of arthroscopic debridement on functional outcomes. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, adhering to ethical standards. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using SPSS version 28.

Results:
The primary outcomes of this study demonstrated that arthroscopic debridement had a significant and positive impact on functional outcomes in empowered knee OA patients. Notably, improvements were observed in pain reduction, enhanced range of motion and increased physical function. The severity and duration of symptoms were found to influence the degree of improvement post-arthroscopic debridement, highlighting the importance of early intervention. In addition, sociodemographic factors, including gender, level of education, employment status and geographic location, were identified as predictors of post-surgery outcomes.

Conclusion:
This study sheds light on the beneficial effects of arthroscopic debridement in knee OA patients, particularly those who are actively engaged in their treatment decisions. The results reaffirm the potential of arthroscopic debridement to improve pain and functionality in this patient group. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on knee OA management, highlighting the significance of early intervention and the role of sociodemographic factors in healthcare outcomes. The findings also advocate for a more patient-centred and personalised approach to knee OA management. These insights have implications for clinical practice, public health and future research endeavours, encouraging healthcare providers and policymakers to prioritise tailored care and shared decision-making for improved patient outcomes.