bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of hydration status and fluid intake among low risk postpartum women in local community delivered in Hospital Ampang.
Authors: Zainal Nur Zaireena , Nor Nadeeya Ayn' Umaisara Mohamad , Azman Mohd Ikmal Hakim Mohd , Zainudin Nur Amirah Al Husna , Mustapa Siti Sarah , Mohamed Rasyidah , Ganesalingam Muralitharan , Mokhtar Rafidah Hanim 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Adequate fluid intake is very crucial for mothers during postpartum as any dehydration that ensues during this period may predispose them to the risk of developing venous thromboembolism event. Yet, the sociocultural influences may have deterred some of them from adequate fluid intake especially those from Asian region. This study aims to determine hydration status of low risk postpartum women during postpartum period among Malaysian women.Methods: A prospective observationalstudy involving assessment of hydrational status at 3 points; after 24 hours, at the 3rd week and at the 6th week postpartum was conducted. Apart from hydrational status where patients were requested to recordon weekly basis of their input and output fluid intake in a diary, they also underwent a series of biochemical parameters assessment.Results: 56 patients met the inclusion criteria. The sociodemographic data were analysed decriptively whereby all in the patients were in reproductive age group, with mean (SD) age of 27.96 (4.46) years.The majority were of Malay ethnicity 94.6% and 66.1% were multiparous. As many as 92% of them had at least secondary level of education and more than half were employed (55.4%). Subsequent analysis (n=15) at 3rd and 6th week following womenwho had completed all 3 follow ups showed; statistically significant evidence of underhydration from the biochemical test results. Repeated analysisat the 3rd week and 6th week revealed that there were significant differences using Friedman test in levels of urea (p=0.001b), creatinine(0.008b), as well as plasma osmolality (p<0.001b). Similarly with urine specific gravity(p=0.002) and urine osmolality (0.002a) calculated with repeated measures ANOVA from baseline. This correlated with the overall lack offluid intake taken by patients which recorded 1.78L/day at 3rd week and 2.13L/day by 6th week, values which were lower than recommended amount for nursing mother.Conclusion: The results suggested that lower fluid intake among low risk postpartum women during the postpartum period may predisposes risk of venous thromboembolism. Emphasizing adequate amount of fluid intake among low risk post partum women is crucial and will reduce possible risk of venous thromboembolism.
Prevention of LPS- induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Sheep by Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells
Authors: Chaleshtori Sirous Sadeghian , Dezfouli Mohammad Reza Mokhber , Abbasi Javad , Dehghan Mohammad Mehdi , Fakhr Massoumeh Jabbari , Yadollahi Shokufeh , Mirabad Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, 10 male Shall sheep were used in two groups and bone marrow samples were collected and BM-MSCs isolated. Then experimental model of ARDS was induced by intrapulmonary injection of LPS to dose of 400 μg/kg. Twenty-four hours after LPS injection, 5×107 cells of BM-MSCs were autologous transferred in the group of treatment and 1ml PBS was infused in the group of control as intrapulmonary. Then, the symptoms of clinical, complete blood count, analysis of arterial blood gases and the concentrations of IL6,IL10,TNF-α,total protein, Ig M and albumin BAL were determined before and at times of 3,6,12,24,48,72, and 168 after transplantation/infusion. The results of the investigations 24 hours post-LPS injection(time 0) indicated the occurrence of acute inflammation which confirmed ARDS model. These changes included increase in RR, HR and RT, decrease in PO2 and SatO2 and increase in PCO2, WBC, neutrophils, macrophages, total protein, IL6, IL10, TNF-α, Ig M and albumin. But the stem/stromal cells transplantation reduced the severity of clinical signs induced by LPS, caused significant increase in PO2, SatO2 and IL-10 and significant decrease in PCO2, the total protein, TNF-α, IL-6, Ig M, albumin, WBCs, neutrophils and macrophages at different times of sampling both in compared with before transplantation(time 0) and in compared with the group of control. While in the control group, inflammation continued until the end of the study. These results showed that BM-MSCs are able to reduce inflammation and have an important role in reconstruction of the damaged lung.
The risk of asthma is influenced by TNF-α -238G/A, TNF-α -308G/A and IL-6 -174G/C polymorphisms: evidence from a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Qin , Zhang Hanghu , Wang Jing , Wu Yinxia , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Several genetic epidemiological studies have already investigated associations between Th1-related cytokine polymorphisms and the risk of asthma, with inconsistent findings. Accordingly, the authors conducted a meta-analysis to more robustly assess associations between Th1-related cytokine polymorphisms and the risk of asthma by integrating the results of eligible literatures.Methods: A through literature searching in Medline, Embase, Wanfang, VIP and CNKI was conducted by the authors to identify eligible literatures, and sixty-nine genetic epidemiological studies were finally found to be eligible for integrated quantitative analyses.Results: We noticed that genotypic frequencies of TNF-α -238G/A (dominant comparison: OR=0.47, p=0.006; over-dominant comparison: OR=1.87, p=0.03; allele comparison: OR=0.50, p=0.004), TNF-α -308G/A (dominant comparison: OR=0.76, p=0.001; over-dominant comparison: OR=1.29, p=0.002; allele comparison: OR=0.81, p=0.0009) and IL-6 -174G/C (dominant comparison: OR=0.55, p=0.0008) polymorphisms among cases with asthma and population-based controls differed significantly. However, we did not detect such genotypic distribution difference for the IL-1B −511C/T polymorphism. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis shows that TNF-α -238G/A, TNF-α -308G/A and IL-6 -174G/C polymorphisms may affect the risk of asthma.
Factors Influencing Antenatal Care Utilization in the East Akim Municipality of Ghana
Authors: Amoako Richard Dickson , Doku Innocent Kwau , Enos Juliana Yartey 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Maternal and neonatal mortality rates continue to be high in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ghana. Timely and regular antenatal care (ANC) during pregnancy are essential for early identification and management of potential risk factors associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the uptake of ANC services in the East Akim Municipality of Ghana and identify factors influencing ANC utilization.
Methods

A cross-sectional study which employed stratified sampling methodology to select 310 women in their reproductive ages (15–49 years) in East Akim Municipality was conducted. A structured questionnaire was used to examine the determinants of ANC utilization among respondents. Data was managed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and analysed using Stata version 14. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.
Results

ANC attendance, at least once during pregnancy, was almost universal (98.4%) with 83.5% making 4 + visits. However, only 58% of respondents made early ANC visits in the first trimester and 61% attended all regularly scheduled visits. Employment status, distance to health facility and pregnancy intention were significantly associated with regular ANC attendance. Self-employed women were 2.4 times more likely to attend ANC regularly (AOR: 2.42, 95%CI :1.20–4.88) than the unemployed; those who lived < 5 km to a health facility were 3.2 times more likely to attend ANC regularly than those who lived > 10 km (AOR: 3.24, 95%CI: 1.20, 8.72); and women with intended pregnancies were 2.5 times more likely to attend all ANC scheduled visits than those with unintended pregnancies (AOR: 2.46, 95%CI: 1.32, 4.57).
Conclusion

Although ANC utilization in East Akim Municipality is high, socioeconomically disadvantaged women who were unemployed; lived more than 10 km from a health facility; and those with unintended pregnancies did not attend ANC early and regularly. Interventions to ensure equitable access to quality reproductive health services at the community level for all women, irrespective of their socioeconomic background, is needed to improve timely and regular ANC utilization. These include strengthening of community-based health centers, provision of ANC through outreach services to poor women in remote, hard-to-reach locations and improvements in the socioeconomic conditions in which people live.
Promoting The Integrated Community Case Management of Under-Five Pneumonia In Nigeria: A Cost-Benefit Analysis
Authors: Okafor Charles , Ekwunife Obinna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWhile evidence-based recommendations for the management of under-five pneumonia at the community level were made by the World Health Organisation, the implementation remains poor in Nigeria. Initiatives to promote the integrated community case management (iCCM) of pneumonia through the proprietary and patent medicine vendors (PPMVs) have been poorly utilized possibly due to low financial support and perceived benefit. This study provides cost and benefit estimates and implications of promoting the iCCM through the PPMVs’ education and support. The outcome of this study will help inform healthcare decisions in Nigeria. MethodsThis study was a cost-benefit analysis using simulation-based decision-analytic Markov model. Two approaches were compared, the current scenario which is the use of amoxicillin dispersible tablet (DT) and amoxicillin DT plus promotion. Health outcomes include disability-adjusted life years averted (converted to monetary benefit) and severe pneumonia hospitalisation cost averted. Both the cost and benefit were expressed in 2018 US dollars. ResultsThe incremental benefit-cost ratio of promoting the iCCM was 1.37, while the total net-benefit was $3.31 (95% CI: $2.08 – 4.76) million from the whole country perspective, which will offset over three-quarter of the promotion cost. Implementing the promotion exercise at a cost above $6.82 million will not be a worthwhile decision. ConclusionPromoting the iCCM for the treatment of pneumonia in children under-five through education and support of the PPMVs holds promises to harness the benefits amoxicillin DT and provide a high return on investment. A nationwide promotion exercise should be considered especially in remote areas of the country.
Worldwide inverse correlation between Bacille Calmette-Guérin immunization and COVID-19 morbidity and mortality
Authors: Li Willis X. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has spread to all countries in the world after more than six months since it was first reported in late 2019, and different countries have been impacted differently. Correlation analysis between COVID-19 death numbers and different demographic and socioeconomic factors for all world countries (n=210) as of June 1, 2020, reveals that COVID-19 deaths per million population in a country significantly correlates with the country’s median age (r=0.48, p=4.8e-4) and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) (r=0.55, p=4.14e-5), and inversely correlates with the country’s Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination rate (r=–0.63, p=9.9e-7). COVID-19 death is found not significantly associated, however, with a country’s policy stringency index, population density, extreme poverty rate, hospital beds availability per thousand people, and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP3) immunization. Old age is likely a confounding factor for the correlation between COVID-19 and per capita GDP (r=0.66, p=2.3e-7). To control for possible confounding effects of age, countries with similar median age were grouped and analyzed. The inverse correlation between BCG vaccination rates and COVID-19 case (r=–0.338, p=0.0082) and death (r=–0.411, p=0.0011) remained significant among the top 61 countries with highest median age. The current study suggests that BCG might be protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Comparative Analysis of Keyframe Extraction Techniques for Video
Summarization
Authors: Parikh Vishal , Mehta Jay , Shah Saumyaa , Sharma Priyanka 
Published: July 2020

Background:
With the technological advancement, the quality of life of a human were improved. Also with the
technological advancement large amount of data were produced by human. The data is in the forms of text, images and
videos. Hence there is a need for significant efforts and means of devising methodologies for analyzing and summarizing
them to manage with the space constraints. Video summaries can be generated either by keyframes or by skim/shot. The
keyframe extraction is done based on deep learning based object detection techniques. Various object detection algorithms
have been reviewed for generating and selecting the best possible frames as keyframes. A set of frames were extracted out
of the original video sequence and based on the technique used, one or more frames of the set are decided as a keyframe,
which then becomes the part of the summarized video. The following paper discusses the selection of various keyframe
extraction techniques in detail.

Methods :
The research paper is focused at summary generation for office surveillance videos. The major focus for the
summary generation is based on various keyframe extraction techniques. For the same various training models like
Mobilenet, SSD, and YOLO were used. A comparative analysis of the efficiency for the same showed YOLO giving
better performance as compared to the others. Keyframe selection techniques like sufficient content change, maximum
frame coverage, minimum correlation, curve simplification, and clustering based on human presence in the frame have
been implemented.

Results:
Variable and fixed length video summaries were generated and analyzed for each keyframe selection techniques
for office surveillance videos. The analysis shows that he output video obtained after using the Clustering and the Curve
Simplification approaches is compressed to half the size of the actual video but requires considerably less storage space.
The technique depending on the change of frame content between consecutive frames for keyframe selection produces the
best output for office room scenarios. The technique depending on frame content between consecutive frames for
keyframe selection produces the best output for office surveillance videos.

Conclusion:
In this paper, we discussed the process of generating a synopsis of a video to highlight the important portions
and discard the trivial and redundant parts. First, we have described various object detection algorithms like YOLO and
SSD, used in conjunction with neural networks like MobileNet to obtain the probabilistic score of an object that is present
in the video. These algorithms generate the probability of a person being a part of the image, for every frame in the input
video. The results of object detection are passed to keyframe extraction algorithms to obtain the summarized video. From our comparative analysis for keyframe selection techniques for office videos will help in determining which keyframe
selection technique is preferable.
Persepsi Pembudidaya Udang dalam Pengembangan Usaha Tambak Berkelanjutan di Pantai Selatan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Jawa Tengah
Authors: Iman Tohari Perbawa Agung , Suadi Suadi , Subejo Subejo 
Published: July 2020

Perkembangan teknologi budidaya dan permintaan pasar udang yang meningkat terus mendorong ekspansi budidaya udang termasuk di lahan berpasir atau lahah marjinal di Pantai Selatan Yogyakarta (DIY) dan Jawa Tenggah (Jateng). Budidaya udang ini di satu sisi memberikan kontribusi positif bagi perekonomian masyarakat pesisir dan negara, di sisi lain menghasilkan eksternalitas negatif terhadap lingkungan karena pengelolaan yang kurang bertanggungjawab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi pembudidaya udang tentang pola budidaya udang yang berkelanjutan dan sikap serta tindakan mereka dalam pengelolaan usaha budidaya udang secara berkelanjutan di DIY dan Jateng. Penelitian dilakukan di lokasi terpilih, yaitu: (1) Pantai Pandansimo, Desa Poncosari, Kecamatan Sanden, Kabupaten Bantul; (2) Pantai Pasir Kadilangu, Desa Jangkaran, Kecamatan Temon, Kabupaten Kulon Progo; dan (3) Pantai Keburuhan, Desa Keburuhan, Kecamatan Ngombol, Kabupaten Purworejo, dengan total responden 80 pembudidaya udang. Persepsi diukur dengan Skala Likert yang meliputi empat dimensi budidaya udang berkelanjutan, yang meliputi 5 (lima) aspek: teknis (7 sub-indikator), ekonomi (9 sub-indikator), lingkungan (7 sub-indikator), dan sosial (6 sub-indikator) serta kelembagaan (5 sub-indikator). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek ekonomi secara akumulatif memiliki nilai tertinggi (0,73), sebaliknya aspek kelembagaan dan lingkungan dengan nilai terendah, yaitu masing-masing 0,64 dan 0,67. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa perhatian utama usaha ini masih pada aspek ekonomi, sedangkan aspek lingkungan dan kelembagaan masih belum menjadi prioritas. Karena itu, pemahaman terhadap praktek budidaya udang berkelanjutan masih perlu ditingkatkan.
HUKUM ADAT LAOT (LAUT) SEBAGAI KEARIFAN MASYARAKAT NELAYAN ACEH DALAM UPAYA MELESTARIKAN POTENSI SUMBERDAYA PERIKANAN TANGKAP
Authors: Yulindawati - - 
Published: July 2020

This paper presents information on the efforts inherent in the customs of the people of Aceh to maintain the sustainability of fisheries resources is sustainable. Considering almost the bulk of the Aceh region surrounded by Sea and nearly the majority also mayasrakatnya berpropesi as fishermen make ketergantunagan to fisheries resources, especially fisheries is very high.
Despite the high dependence meliki, Aceh remains meliki rules contained in the customs begaimana sustainable fishery resource management and the rule known as adat laot Hukom. Indigenous Hukom LAOT a local wisdom in the form of systems and rules that shape and mensinerjiskan common understanding among the Acehnese fishermen to exploit fishery resources in an ethical, responsible and sustainable. Moreover this wisdom capable of directing every character fishermen to act wisely in resolving problems between fishermen and has strict sanctions for the offenders. Wisdom, therefore, needs to be maintained / dilestarika from being displaced by the changing times and should be supported by all stakeholders for the task of protecting nature is not only charged on one community.

Keywords: laot Customary Law, Wisdom Society and Resource Potential
Kejahatan Terhadap Kemanusiaan dan Pelanggaran Hukum Humaniter Internasional (Konvensi Jenewa 1949) Studi Kasus : Pelanggaran HAM Berat untuk Bekas Negara Yugoslavia
Authors: - - Mumtazinur 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTThe article is an effort to explain violations of humanitarian law that occurred during the war in Yugolavia. It begins by a brief description of international Humanitarian Law. This articles also describing he form of violations of Geneva conventions and forms of punishment against violators of humanitarian law. Besides, it also explain the form of punishment given by international criminal courts.
CASUAL FACTROS OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Hussain shah Syed Muzaffar , Mariamdaran Saralah Devi , Zafar Iqbal Rana , A/l Rathakrishnan Mohan , Aleem Saria 
Published: July 2020

This study was conducted to find out the casual factors of criminal behavior in, Punjab Pakistan. Punjab is the largest province of Pakistan and crime ratio is also highest in this province. A questionnaire of 114 items was constructed through focus group discussion, Literature and DSM-5. Five point Likert scale was used to measure the casual factors. Data was collected from 200 criminals who conducted the crime more than one time. Data was collected from District jails of Multan and Vehari from south Punjab. Mean value was selected as 2 for mentioning a factors as cause of criminal behavior which indicate the presence of a factor. In last 20 factors were mentioned as casual factors of criminal behavior including physical abuse in schools, stubbornness in childhood, feelings of hopelessness and helplessness in childhood, strict family restrictions in childhood. Failure in intimate relations, high media exposure, short temperament, feelings of revenge and deprivation in childhood. Most of the criminals found to get their primary and secondary education in schools whereas there were lowest ratio of criminals who get religious education. There is needed to make policies to reduce these casual factors to control crime in Pakistan. Key Words: Crime, Criminal Behavior, Criminal Tendency, Criminal Factors, Causes of Crime.
KOMUNIKASI VERBAL DALAM KOMUNIKASI DAKWAH
Authors: Latif Umar 
Published: July 2020

Al-Qur‟an banyak membicarakan persoalan-persoalan yang berhubungan dengan tata cara berbicara yang mengandung kebenaran dan keadilan. Maksud ini, secara sederhana, mengarah kepada sejumlah istilah yang dibicarakan di dalam Al-Qur‟an. Menurut Al-Qur‟an, kata qawlan sadida, qawlan ma’rufa dan al-haq, dimungkinkan untuk dimaknai ke dalam pemahaman yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan fungsi lidah sebagai media berkomunikasi. Bahkan Al-Qur‟an berpandangan bahwa setiap istilah semestinya tidak hanya berfungsi menyerap sejumlah informasi dan membentuk pengetahuan, melainkan berfungsi untuk dapat membentuk sebuah keyakinan dalam bentuk perbuatan itu sendiri, dalam arti yang luas semisal mengandung nilai keadilan dan kebenaran. Oleh karena itu, dari ketiga istilah ini, penulis dalam konteks ini akan menelusuri dari segi tujuan dan fungsi yang dimunculkan melalui fungsi lidah sebagai media komunikasi, yang dinilai berharga bagi manusia dibandingkan dengan makhluk-makhluk lainnya; karenanya indera ini adalah sisi pembeda sekaligus sebagai mata rantai untuk mengenal maksud makna yang dikandungnya. Bahkan pengenalan kepada makna ini secara tepat dan benar merupakan suatu konklusi bahwa manusia telah berada pada sisi pengetahuan yang benar secara menyeluruh. Kata Kunci: Komunikasi verbal dan Pemaknaan dalam Islam
DAKWAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR`AN DAN AL-HADITS
Authors: Zain Arifin 
Published: July 2020

Al-Qur`an dan al-hadits merupakan kitab suci yang ditinggalkan nabi Muhammad sebagai panduan bagi umat Islam. Sebagai panduan umum, kedua sumber ini tidak hanya menjelaskan tentang ketuhanan, ibadah dan hubungan kemanusiaan namun juga menyebutkan tentang dakwah sebagai tugas utama para rasul. Tujuan penulisannya adalah untuk menemukan dan menganalisis pandangan al-Qur`an dan al-hadits terhadap dakwah. Tulisan ini tergolong pada penelitian kepustakaan yang tehnik pengumpulan datanya dilakukan melalui studi literatur serta analisis data menggunakan metode content analisis. Sumber utama tulisan ini adalah kitab suci al-Qur`an dan al-hadits yang berkenaan dengan perintah dakwah. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan penjelasan al-Qur`an dan al-hadits maka dapat dikatakan bahwa Islam merupakan agama dakwah dan melaksanakan dakwah merupakan suatu kewajiban bagi seorang muslim. Kata Kunci: Dakwah, al-Qur`an, al-Hadits