bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Living Archives and The Social Transmission of Memory
Authors: Sabiescu Amalia G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLiving archives refer to practices and environments that connect the organisation, curation and transmission of memory with present‐bound creative, performative, and participatory processes. Recent trends in the democratisation of arts and cultural heritage and the advent of digital media have provided living archives with new creative valences, making them potent means for the performative celebration of the past through contemporary acts of creation and transmission. In this article, I argue that living archives perform a function of social sharing of memory that contributes to building social bonds, community and identity. This potential resides in the capacity of living archives to bring together an archival function, concerned with memory preservation and transmission, with a present‐bound artistic, performative and creative function. I use the term ‘archival performativity’ to denote this dual nature of living archives, and will exemplify this concept by drawing on the analysis of living archives through the twin lenses of performance studies and archival science.
It’s Not Just for the Children: On Engaging Culturally Diverse Families at Museums
Authors: Maldonado Pamela , Nguyen Cecilia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis Virtual Issue studies how the museum field has historically prioritized Anglo families in research, exhibit design and programming. The authors pinpoint gaps inCurator’s archive on this topic, with few research articles focusing on families representing diverse cultures and identities. Recent literature features inclusive approaches to research on family learning, and by extension, how museums can serve culturally diverse families. Through their analysis, the authors show that museums’ ability to work with all families will hinge not only on adopting specific techniques, but also on taking a new perspective on the rich variety of families in light of trends in population demographics and the implications on museum visitorship.
Thyroid metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with EGFR G719A mutation: Genetic confirmation with liquid‐based cytology specimens
Authors: Yamada Yosuke , Shirahase Hiroyuki , Fukiya Mika , Yoshizawa Akihiko , Minamiguchi Sachiko , Ozasa Hiroaki , Haga Hironori 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPresented is a case of advanced pulmonary adenocarcinoma and a thyroid tumour with calcification. EGFR gene mutation testing of the thyroid aspirate specimen revealed a G719A point mutation in exon 18 that was identical to that in the patient's known lung cancer. This case demonstrates the usefulness of liquid‐based cytology samples, which enable genetic testing leading to a conclusive diagnosis while preserving the cytological specimens.
Fractured alveolar process displacement evaluation—Effect of the rigidity of wire‐composite splints
Authors: Paz João Lucas Carvalho , Soares Carlos José , Rodrigues Jessica Ferreira , de Araújo Almeida Guilherme , Soares Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgrounds/AimsTraumatic dental injuries with bone fractures require rigid splinting. The degree of rigidity of the wire‐composite splints can be challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rigidity of different wire‐composite splints on alveolar process displacement.Material and MethodsA model was created using polystyrene resin to simulate the anterior maxilla, bovine incisors to simulate maxillary incisors, and polyether impression material to simulate the periodontal ligament. An alveolar process fracture was created, while maintaining the labial bone connection with the PDL. Four wire‐composite splints (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mm in diameter) were compared with models without splints and with no fracture (n = 5). The alveolar process displacement was measured (3 times per model/per splint type) at the fractured and adjacent central incisor regions using a deflectometer (Instron) under functional cycling and static loading (100 N). Data (μm) were analyzed using RM ANOVA, followed by Tukey's HSD test (α = 0.05).ResultsThe displacement at the region of the adjacent incisor was not influenced by the splint during static and cycling load (P > .05). The Tukey test demonstrated that the model without splints had significantly higher alveolar process displacement at the traumatized teeth than that of all other splint models (P < .001). Increasing the wire diameter from 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm significantly reduced the alveolar process displacement (P < .001). No difference was observed between the 0.9 mm (P = .123) and 1.2 mm (P = .219) wire‐composite splints irrespective of the measured tooth regions.ConclusionsThe rigidity of the wire‐composite splint significantly influenced the mobility of the fractured alveolar process. The use of at least 0.9 mm wire was effective in reducing the fractured alveolar process displacement to a level that was similar to the adjacent teeth.
Factors influencing the long‐term hospitalization of bicyclists and motorcyclists with oral and maxillofacial injuries
Authors: Hirobe Yu , Koshinuma Shinya , Nakamura Mami , Baba Mineko , Yamamoto Gaku , Hitosugi Masahito 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground/AimBecause bicyclists and motorcyclists with oral and maxillofacial injuries often suffer from disabilities requiring long‐term treatment, reducing the severity of such injuries is a valuable objective for improving these people's quality of life (QOL). The aims of this study were, first, to present the prevalence and patterns of oral and maxillofacial injuries of bicyclists and motorcyclists and to compare the features of these injuries and, second, to determine the factors contributing to long‐term hospitalization for these patients and to propose effective preventive measures.Material and MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective analysis. Hospital records from 2011 through 2018 were reviewed for all patients who had sustained oral and maxillofacial injuries in bicycle or motorcycle collisions and had presented at a university hospital which was the only hospital in the region attended 24 hours per day by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. Characteristics of the oral and maxillofacial injuries, injury severity, and factors influencing the length of hospitalization were examined.ResultsRecords of 130 patients (82 bicyclists and 48 motorcyclists) with a mean age of 28.0 years were analyzed. Thirty‐three patients (25.4%) had maxillofacial fractures, with 41 fracture lines while 103 patients (79.2%) had dental injuries and 57 patients (43.8%) had soft‐tissue injuries. The distribution and prevalence of oral and maxillofacial injuries were similar for bicyclists and motorcyclists. However, motorcyclists had significantly higher Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) scores for facial injuries and the maximum AIS score than did bicyclists. According to a multiple regression analysis, the number of fracture lines and the requirement for intermaxillary fixation were independent factors influencing long‐term hospitalization (standard regression coefficients: 6.795 and 6.715, respectively; P < .001).ConclusionsThe number of fracture lines and the use of intermaxillary fixation were independent factors influencing long‐term hospitalization of both bicyclists and motorcyclists with oral and maxillofacial injuries.
Is the human model RPTEC/TERT1 a relevant model for assessing renal drug efflux?
Authors: Saib Sonia , Hodin Sophie , He Zhiguo , Delézay Olivier , Delavenne Xavier 
Published: November 2020

AbstractActive tubular secretion plays a major role in renal excretion of drugs thanks to the presence of many membrane transporters such as ABC transporters. These proteins facilitate drug transfer into the urine and could be a source of pharmacokinetic variabilities. Up to now, several human in vitro models of proximal tubule have been proposed but few of them have been characterized for predicting drugs renal efflux. The aim of this study was to determine whether the human model RPTEC/TERT1 meets all the criteria expected of a good model to assess renal drug transport. First, in vitro barrier properties were investigated. Then, the expression of several ABC transporters was assessed by immunofluorescence and relative quantification by liquid chromatography—high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS) in comparison to the MDCK model. Finally, bidirectional transport studies were performed to evaluate the functionality of transporters and the abilities of model to discriminate several drugs. The RPTEC/TERT1 model formed a tight structure (192 Ω.cm2) that was confirmed by paracellular permeability assays. Proteomic analysis and immunofluorescence staining showed the expression of several ABC transporters. Then, only the functionality of P‐gp was confirmed by the active efflux of apixaban in this study. In addition, the RPTEC/TERT1 model presents the key criteria of a renal barrier and expresses several ABC transporters. Nevertheless, the BCRP and MRP’s functionality was not confirmed and further investigations are required to valid this model as in vitro model for assessing renal drug efflux.
Biological variation data and analytical specification goal estimates of the thrombin generation assay with and without thrombomodulin in healthy individuals
Authors: Mairesse Antoine , Bayart Jean‐Louis , Desmet Sandrine , Lopes Dos Santos Helder , Saussoy Pascale , Defour Jean‐Philippe , Eeckhoudt Stéphane , van Dievoet Marie‐Astrid 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundEvaluation of an individual’s thrombin‐generating capacity enables a global assessment of the coagulation cascade and is therefore thought to better reflect the clotting function of blood. However, the lack of standardization still hampers the use in routine clinical practice.MethodsNineteen healthy subjects were sampled once a week for 5 consecutive weeks. Thrombin generation assay (TGA) was performed in duplicate by calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) on platelet poor plasma with and without thrombomodulin. After exclusion of outliers, a nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to evaluate the biological variability (BV) results. Analytical variation (CVA), within‐individual variation (CVI), between‐individual variation (CVG), index of individuality (II), and reference change value (RCV) were calculated.ResultsAll parameters taken together, the CVA, CVI, and CVG without TM, ranged from 2.8% to 6.5%, from 4.1% to 13.3% and from 10.4% to 28.4%, respectively. For TG with TM, CVI and CVG were higher and ranged from 5.0% to 18.1% and from 14.9% to 35.3%, respectively. For endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), a CVI of 4.1% and CVG of 10.4% were obtained without addition of thrombomodulin (TM). With addition of TM, both CVI and CVG were higher: 14.0% and 34.8%, respectively. The II was low and the RCV ranged from 17.2% to 50.4%.ConclusionCAT parameters are highly individualized and population‐based reference values could be called into question. The assessment of BV and RCV for thrombin generation assays could optimize interpretation of serial patient results and guide setting of analytical specification goals.
An assay to investigate factors influencing initial orientation in nocturnally fledging seabirds
Authors: Syposz Martyna , Padget Oliver , Wynn Joe , Gillies Natasha , Fayet Annette L. , Guilford Tim 
Published: November 2020

The first solitary migration of juvenile birds is difficult to study because of a low juvenile survival rates and sometimes long delays in return to the breeding grounds. Consequently, little is known about this crucial life event for many bird species, in particular the sensory guidance mechanisms facilitating the first migratory journey. Initial orientation during the first migration is a key measure to investigate these mechanisms. Here, we developed an assay to measure initial orientation as flight direction upon first take‐off in nocturnally fledging juvenile seabirds. We dorsally deployed a coloured LED on juvenile birds to allow researchers to observe the vanishing bearings of individuals as they flew out to sea. Additionally, we co‐deployed either a small Neodymium magnet or glass bead (control) on top of the bird's head to investigate the use of magnetoreception, previously unexplored in this early life stage.We used this assay to observe the first flight of Manx shearwatersPuffinus puffinusand found that they did not orient towards their wintering ground straight after taking off. Further, we did not find an effect of the magnetic treatment on juveniles' flight direction, though whether this is due to the birds not using magnetoreception, other salient cues being available or a lack of motivation to orient to the migratory beeline is unclear. We were, however, able to identify wind direction and topography as drivers of first flight direction in Manx shearwaters, which fledged with wind component between a crosswind and a tailwind and directed their maiden flight towards the sea and away from the land.This novel assay will facilitate the study of the maiden flight of nocturnally fledging birds and will help advance the study of sensory guidance mechanisms underpinning migratory orientation in a wide range of taxa, including species which are traditionally challenging to study.
The pitfalls and virtues of population genetic summary statistics: Detecting selective sweeps in recent divergences
Authors: Schneider Kevin , White Tom J. , Mitchell Sonia , Adams Colin E. , Reeve Richard , Elmer Kathryn R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDuring evolution, genomes are shaped by a plethora of forces that can leave characteristic signatures. A common goal when studying diverging populations is to detect the signatures of selective sweeps, which can be rather difficult in complex demographic scenarios, such as under secondary contact. Moreover, the detection of selective sweeps, especially in whole‐genome data, often relies heavily on a narrow set of summary statistics that are affected by a multitude of factors, frequently leading to false positives and false negatives. Simulating genomic regions makes it possible to control these demographic and population genetic factors. We used simulations of large genomic regions to determine how different secondary contact and sympatric speciation scenarios affect the footprint of hard and soft selective sweeps in the presence of varying degrees of gene flow and recombination. We explored the ability of an array of population genetic summary statistics to detect the footprints of these selective sweeps under specific demographies. We focussed on metrics that do not require phased data or ancestral sequences and therefore have wide applicability. We found that a newly developed beta diversity measure, utperformed all other metrics in detecting selective sweeps and that FST also performed well. High accuracy was also found in and genotype distance‐derived metrics. The performance of most metrics strongly depended on factors such as the presence of an allopatric phase, migration rates, recombination, population growth, and whether the sweep was hard or soft. We provide suggestions for locating and analysing the response to selective sweeps in whole‐genome data.
Analytics with artificial intelligence to advance the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Zhang Zhongheng , Navarese Eliano Pio , Zheng Bin , Meng Qinghe , Liu Nan , Ge Huiqing , Pan Qing , Yu Yuetian , Ma Xuelei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has found its way into clinical studies in the era of big data. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or acute lung injury (ALI) is a clinical syndrome that encompasses a heterogeneous population. Management of such heterogeneous patient population is a big challenge for clinicians. With accumulating ALI datasets being publicly available, more knowledge could be discovered with sophisticated analytics. We reviewed literatures with big data analytics to understand the role of AI for improving the caring of patients with ALI/ARDS. Many studies have utilized the electronic medical records (EMR) data for the identification and prognostication of ARDS patients. As increasing number of ARDS clinical trials data is open to public, secondary analysis on these combined datasets provide a powerful way of finding solution to clinical questions with a new perspective. AI techniques such as Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and artificial neural networks (ANN) have also been successfully used in the investigation of ARDS problems. Individualized treatment of ARDS could be implemented with a support from AI as we are now able to classify ARDS into many subphenotypes by unsupervised machine learning algorithms. Interestingly, these subphenotypes show different responses to a certain intervention. However, current analytics involving ARDS have not fully incorporated information from omics such as transcriptome, proteomics, daily activities and environmental conditions. AI technology is assisting us to interpret complex data of ARDS patients and enable us to further improve the management of ARDS patients in future with individual treatment plans.
Using behavioural skills training via telehealth to increase teachers use of communication interventions and increase student use of speech‐generating devices in a high school functional skills classroom
Authors: Carnett A. , Hansen S. , Tullis C. , Machalicek W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundBehavioural skills training (BST) has demonstrated effectiveness in training teachers in evidence‐based interventions to increase communication for children with limited repertoires. However, research has yet to extend to youth with developmental disabilities who are learning to communicate using speech‐generating devices. The emergent use of telehealth technology in applied behaviour analysis has been associated with greater access to therapeutic services. Although the use of telehealth has been extended as an avenue for parents to access behavioural intervention services for their child, fewer studies have evaluated the use of telehealth for teacher behavioural consultation or with adolescents and young adults with complex communication needs.MethodIn the present study, four teaching staff were trained via telehealth to implement communication facilitation strategies with augmentative and alterative communication users in a high school functional skills classroom. During the coaching sessions, the staff were provided BST on the basic behaviour analytic teaching strategies (e.g. assessing preference, environmental arrangement, and reinforcement strategies). Independent adapted ABAB designs were used to evaluate the effectiveness of modified BST delivered via telehealth on increased teaching staff‐implemented communication opportunities within the functional skills classroom and the effectiveness of staff‐implemented communication intervention on increased speech‐generating device mands for four adolescents/young adults with developmental disabilities.ResultsThe results indicated that the improved staff fidelity of the communication interventions was associated with the increased level of independent student mands for each dyad. Lastly, social validity data suggest that the procedures were acceptable and feasible. These data indicate that the use of telehealth may be a viable model for specialised classroom consultation.ConclusionThe use of a telehealth delivery model to train classroom staff may be a viable option when specialised support is necessary, but access is limited.
Fractional CO2 laser therapy for cesarean scar under the guidance of multiple evaluation methods: A retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Nan , Yu Xin , Zhao Jingchun , Yu Jiaao , Shi Kai , Liu Tongjun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo introduce the treatment experience of fractional CO2 laser for cesarean scar under the guidance of multiple evaluation methods.MethodsCesarean scar patients receiving fractional CO2 laser therapy between January 2016 and January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The demographic characteristics and treatment protocols, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS), the University of North Carolina “4P” Scar Scale (UNC4P), and the Antera3D score of all the enrolled patients were recorded.ResultsAltogether, 79 cesarean scar patients were involved in this study, with the average age of 28.1 years, the average scar age and length of 26.5 (range, 24‐30) months and 8.5 (range, 7‐11) cm, respectively. Significant improvements were observed in VSS (t = 16.75, P < .05), UNC4P (t = 15.63, P < .05), and Antera3D score (color:t = 13.19, P < .05; texture: t = 13.12, P < .05; melanin: t = 3.89, P < .05; hemoglobin: t = 2.28, P < .05). No long‐term complication was reported during the follow‐up visits.ConclusionsFractional CO2 laser therapy is an effective treatment for cesarean scar. The multiple evaluation methods, including the combined application of VSS, UNC4P, and Antera3D score, can be potentially used for guiding treatment protocols and evaluating efficacy. Meanwhile, rhGM‐CSF hydrogel provides another choice for laser wound management.
Public Thrift, Private Perks: Signaling Board Independence with Executive Pay
Authors: RUIZ‐VERDÚ PABLO , SINGH RAVI 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTWe analyze how boards' reputational concerns influence executive compensation and the use of hidden pay. Independent boards reduce disclosed pay to signal their independence, but are more likely than manager‐friendly boards to use hidden pay or to distort incentive contracts. Stronger reputational pressures lead to lower disclosed pay, weaker managerial incentives, and higher hidden pay, whereas greater transparency of executive compensation has the opposite effects. Although reputational concerns can induce boards to choose compensation contracts more favorable to shareholders, we show that there is a threshold beyond which stronger reputational concerns harm shareholders. Similarly, excessive pay transparency can harm shareholders.
The Impact of Repossession Risk on Mortgage Default
Authors: O'MALLEY TERRY 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTI study the effect of removing repossession risk on a mortgagor's decision to default. Reducing default costs may result in strategic default, particularly during crises when homeowners can be substantially underwater. I analyze difference‐in‐differences variation in repossession risk generated by an unexpected legal ruling in Ireland that prohibited collateral enforcement on delinquent residential mortgages originated before a particular date. I estimate that borrowers defaulted by 0.3 percentage points more each quarter after the ruling, a relative increase of approximately one‐half. High loan‐to‐value ratios and low liquidity are associated with a larger treatment effect, suggesting both equity and consumption‐based motivations.
Reviewing Directors’ Business Judgements: Views from the Field
Authors: KEAY ANDREW , LOUGHREY JOAN , McNULTY TERRY , OKANIGBUAN FRANCIS , STEWART ABIGAIL 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDirectors take decisions that can have significant impacts on others, as illustrated by the global financial crisis and the collapse of Thomas Cook Group plc. Yet many academics argue that courts should not review or impose liability on directors for poor business judgements. These arguments often rely on untested empirical assumptions about directors’ behaviour and attitudes. Through semi‐structured interviews and focus groups, we explored the responses of directors, legal practitioners, company secretaries, and board headhunters to the prospect of judicial review of directors’ business judgements. Our findings challenge orthodox thinking: many directors supported some form of review and the impact of review may not be as great as the literature predicts, nor necessarily detrimental. The debate about whether courts should review directors’ business judgements should therefore move away from reliance on negative empirical assumptions about the impact of review, to clearly articulating, and engaging with, normative positions that underpin opposition to, and support for, review.