bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi potent aromatic nano colloid: synthesis, characterization and applications
Authors: Soundhararajan Ranjani , Mohamed Sheik Meeran Salman Al Farzi , Prakash Shruthy Priya , Mohammad Waseem , Kandasamy Ruckmani , Srinivasan Hemalatha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study the aromatic nanocolloids (CANCs) are synthesized using the noble metal silver by using Citronella extract and confirmed through physio chemical analysis. The synthesised CANCs were evaluated for its antimicrobial activity and antibiofilm activity against pathogenic biofilm formingE. coli. In addition, synthesized CANCs were evaluated for the expression of virulent genes encoding AmpC and CTX-M-15. The results confirmed that CANCs showed effective antimicrobial activity through its bacteriostatic, bactericidal and quorum quencher activity and downregulated CTX-M-15 gene. CANCs were validated as alternate to the commercial fungicides to control plant pathogenic fungi such asA. nigerMTCC (281),Fusarium graminearumMTCC (2089) andF. udumMTCC (2204). Furthermore, analysis of CANCs on breast cancer (MCF-7) cells under in vitro condition showed that the cytotoxicity of CANCs is dose dependent. Thus, the multifunctional CANCs can be utilized as potential antimicrobial, antifungal and anticancer agent.
Stochastic SIRC epidemic model with time-delay for COVID-19
Authors: Rihan F. A. , Alsakaji H. J. , Rajivganthi C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEnvironmental factors, such as humidity, precipitation, and temperature, have significant impacts on the spread of the new strain coronavirus COVID-19 to humans. In this paper, we use a stochastic epidemic SIRC model, with cross-immune class and time-delay in transmission terms, for the spread of COVID-19. We analyze the model and prove the existence and uniqueness of positive global solution. We deduce the basic reproduction number${\mathcal{R}}_{0}^{s}$R0sfor the stochastic model which is smaller than${\mathcal{R}}_{0}$R0of the corresponding deterministic model. Sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of a unique ergodic stationary distribution, using the stochastic Lyapunov function, and conditions for the extinction of the disease are obtained. Our findings show that white noise plays an important part in controlling the spread of the disease; When the white noise is relatively large, the infectious diseases will become extinct; Re-infection and periodic outbreaks can occur due to the existence of feedback time-delay (or memory) in the transmission terms.
Fractional order of Legendre-type matrix polynomials
Authors: Zayed M. , Hidan M. , Abdalla M. , Abul-Ez M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecently, special functions of fractional order calculus have had many applications in various areas of mathematical analysis, physics, probability theory, optimization theory, graph theory, control systems, earth sciences, and engineering. Very recently, Zayed et al. (Mathematics 8:136, 2020) introduced the shifted Legendre-type matrix polynomials of arbitrary fractional orders and their various applications utilizing Rodrigues matrix formulas. In this line of research, we use the fractional order of Rodrigues formula to provide further investigation on such Legendre polynomials from a different point of view. Some properties, such as hypergeometric representations, continuation properties, recurrence relations, and differential equations, are derived. Moreover, Laplace’s first integral form and orthogonality are obtained.
A mixed methods evaluation of the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of a pilot project ECHO for community health workers (CHWs)
Authors: Damian April Joy , Robinson Sarafina , Manzoor Faaiza , Lamb Mandy , Rojas Adriana , Porto Ariel , Anderson Daren 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Despite the positive effects of community health workers (CHWs) on addressing social determinants of health, improving patient health outcomes, and decreasing overall healthcare costs, there is a lack of standardization in training and certifying this workforce, resulting in different approaches to integrating this role into medical home models. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the application of Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) in enhancing CHWs’ capacity to address health and social issues of vulnerable populations.

Methods
An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was applied in which all participants (N = 49) completed pre (January 2019) and post (July 2019) quantitative online surveys measuring changes in self-efficacy, behavior change intent, and knowledge. Virtual focus groups were conducted with a subset of participants (n = 20) in July 2019 to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of Project ECHO.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference of + 0.453 in the composite self-efficacy mean score pre- to post-series. For every 1 additional Project ECHO CHW session attended, there was a .05 improvement in participants’ self-efficacy to perform CHW-related job duties and address social determinants of health (SDOH). Four major themes emerged from the qualitative focus group data: value in learning from other participants’ caseloads, CHW-care team integration, availability of training and resources, and shared decision-making with patients.

Conclusions
This evaluation suggests that ECHO is a viable means of increasing access to training resources for CHWs. Future studies on the ECHO model as a means of educating and broadening implementation of CHWs are warranted. Programs such as Project ECHO can support CHWs by providing continuing education opportunities, as well as standardizing training content across large geographic areas.
Long-term effectiveness and safety of infliximab, golimumab and golimumab-IV in rheumatoid arthritis patients from a Canadian prospective observational registry
Authors: Rahman Proton , Baer Philip , Keystone Ed , Choquette Denis , Thorne Carter , Haraoui Boulos , Chow Andrew , Faraawi Rafat , Olszynski Wojciech , Kelsall John , Rampakakis Emmanouil , Lehman Allen J. , Nantel Francois 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundLong-term clinical registries are essential tools to evaluate new therapies in a patient population that differs from those in randomized clinical trials. The objectives are to describe the profile of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with anti-TNF agents in Canadian routine care.MethodsRA patients eligible for treatment with Infliximab (IFX), golimumab (GLM) or intravenous golimumab (GLM-IV) as per their respective Canadian product monographs were enrolled into the BioTRAC registry between 2002 and 2017. Study visits occurred at baseline and every 6 months thereafter. Effectiveness was assessed by changes in disease activity. Safety was evaluated by the incidence of adverse events (AEs) and drug survival.ResultsOf the 890 IFX-, 530 GLM- and 157 GLM-IV-treated patients, the proportion of females ranged from 77.0–86.6%, the mean ages from 55.8–57.7 and the mean disease duration from 6.5–8.6 years. A significant decrease in baseline disease duration and disease activity parameters (DAS, TJC, SJC, HAQ, AM stiffness, MDGA, PtGA, CRP, ESR) was observed over time. Treatment with IFX, GLM- and GLM-IV significantly improved all disease parameters over time. The incidence of AEs was 105, 113 and 82.6 /100 PYs and the incidence of SAEs was 11.7, 11.2 and 4.68 /100 PYs for IFX, GLM- and GLM-IV-treated patients, respectively.ConclusionDifferences in baseline characteristics between patients treated with an anti-TNFs over time shows the evolution of treatment modalities over time. All treatments significantly reduced disease activity and improved functionality in a similar fashion. The incidence of adverse events was consistent with the safety profiles of IFX and GLM.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT00741793(Retrospectively registered on August 26, 2008).
Perceived risk and protective behaviors regarding COVID-19 among Iranian pregnant women
Authors: Aghababaei Soodabeh , Bashirian Saeed , Soltanian Alireza , Refaei Mansoureh , Omidi Tahereh , Ghelichkhani Samereh , Soltani Farzaneh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Despite the vulnerability of pregnant women, few studies have been conducted on their perceived risk and protective behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present cross-sectional study aims to investigate the perceived risk and protective behaviors regarding COVID-19 among pregnant women, in Hamadan, Iran. Using a two-stage cluster sampling method, 225 pregnant women referring to the health centers completed the questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation tests as well as a stepwise linear regression model at 95% confidence level.

Results
93.8% of pregnant women had a high level of knowledge, 97.3% had a high performance in protective behaviors, and 72.9% had a moderate level of risk perception related to COVID-19. The highest mean score of knowledge was observed in women who had a history of influenza in their previous pregnancies (90.97 ± 5.94). The mean score of protective behaviors was significantly higher in women with a high economic level (97.78 ± 5.11), and the highest level of risk perception was observed in nulliparous women (59.97 ± 9.80). Risk perception was an independent predictor of protective behaviors related to COVID-19 (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Pregnant women had a high level of knowledge, high performance in protective behaviors, and a moderate level of risk perception related to COVID-19. History of influenza in previous pregnancies, high economic level, and nulliparity were associated with higher levels of knowledge, protective behaviors, and risk perception, respectively. Risk perception of pregnant women regarding COVID-19 can predict their protective behaviors.
Urgent surgical repair is pivotal in the management of major airway injury due to blunt trauma
Authors: Abdelmohty Hysam , Elanwar Mohamed A. , Abdelgawad Basem M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Blunt traumatic airway injury is a life-threatening injury in which urgent management is pivotal and this would come through improving our clinical management and diagnostic tools. Our objective was to emphasize the importance of early referral and urgent surgical repair of major airway injury.

Results
Records of 42 patients with major airway injury out of 17,520 registered thoracic trauma cases were reviewed over the past 15 years. Twenty-eight cases documented to have major tracheobronchial injuries due to blunt trauma underwent surgical repair either urgent (21 cases) or late (7 cases). The age ranged from 8 to 43 years old with a mean age of 22.3 ± 0.8. The most common presenting symptom was shortness of breath in 22 (78.6%) cases and the most frequent sign was subcutaneous emphysema which was seen in 22 (78.6%) cases. The postoperative morbidity and mortality rates were significantly higher in the delayed repair group (p value < 0.001).

Conclusion
The urgent surgical repair is the treatment of choice for major airway injury which is facilitated by early recognition and referral. It is pivotal to avoid respiratory and systemic complications and related mortality.
Entropies of thymocytogram, splenocytogram, immunocytogram and leukocytogram in rats are regulated by sex and the neuroendocrine parameters while regulates immune parameters
Authors: Bilas Volodymyra , Popadynets’ Oleksandr , Flyunt Igor-Severyn , Sydoruk Nadiya , Badiuk Nataliya , Gushcha Serhiy , Zukow Walery , Gozhenko Anatoliy , Popovych Igor 
Published: September 2020

Background. We have previously shown that the Entropy (E) of the relative spectral power density (SPD) of the EEG rhythms is its quite relevant parameter. We also found significant relationships between the SPD E of individual EEG loci and the E of the Leukocytogram (LCG) and Immunocytogram (ICG) of the blood, as well as with their individual components. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between E(s) of these four morpho-functional immune subsystem and sex as well as parameters of the neuroendocrine-immune complex in rats. Materials and methods. Experiment was performed on 108 healthy Wistar rats (48 male and 60 female) weighing 205-300 g (M±SD=260±26 g) divided into 8 groups. Animals of the first group remained intact, using tap water from drinking ad libitum. Instead, the other rats received various balneofactors for 6 days. The day after the completion of the drinking/application course in all rats the parameters of neuroendocrine-immune complex were registered. Results. The drinking/application course did not affect the E level of any morpho-functional immune subsystem, the relationships between which are insignificant. Females have less E TCG than males, whereas sexual dimorphism is insignificant for E SCG and ICG and absent for E LCG. The canonical correlation of mediocre force (R=0,675) between sex index (M=1;F=2) and neuro-endocrine parameters (HRV, calcitonin, parathyroid and mineralocorticoid activities, corticosterone plasma, 17-KS urine) was revealed. Factors linked to female sex upregulates nine immune parameters (R=0,630), while downregulates nine others (R=0,678). The neuroendocrine constellation (testosterone plasma, HRV, calcitonin, parathyroid and mineralocorticoid activities) is associated with the constellation of entropies (R=0,533). Entropy of a single morpho-functional immune subsystem is associated with a certain constellation of immune parameters. In particular, E SCG with 12 (R=0,721), E TCG with 9 (R=0,615), E ICG with 8 (R=0,586), E LCG with 12 (R=0,631). Conclusion. Entropies of thymocytogram, splenocytogram, immunocytogram and leukocytogram in rats are regulated by sex and the neuroendocrine factors while regulates immune parameters.
Does SSRI have a neuroprotective effect in patent after ischemic stroke?
Authors: Rocka Agata , Madras Dominika , Piędel Faustyna , Jasielski Patryk , Szumna Klaudia 
Published: September 2020

Introduction and purpose:Ischemic stroke accounts for the majority of all stroke cases, with recurrence rates of around 12% within the first year, rising to around 30% within five years.Thrombolytic therapy based on the intravenous administration of rtPA (recombinant plasminogen activator) is the only treatment that has been proven to improve treatment outcomes after ischemic stroke. New methods that would increase the number of motor function returns are still being sought.A brief description of the state of knowledge: SSRIs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are used primarily in the treatment of depression and emotional lability after stroke. Many clinical and preclinical studies have suggested that SSRIs have a beneficial effect on the outcomes of stroke patients.Our work is a brief overview of the current knowledge and clinical trials conducted. Review of the available literature using the PubMed database. Search criteria for scientific articles published from 2010 to 2020, search term: "SSRI ischaemic stroke". Ultimately, 12 randomized clinical trials were analyzed (3 articles apply for one study). One of the studies does not have unequivocal results. Conclusions: The safety of SSRIs in stroke patients has been confirmed. Further multi-center studies are required to investigate the neuroprotective role of SSRIs.
Extensive ossifications of falx cerebri – literature review based on own experience and case report
Authors: Siedlecki Zygmunt , Gromadzki Bartłomiej , Woźniak Jakub , Jagodzińska Kalina , Hadzik Kajetan , Śniegocki Maciej 
Published: September 2020

Extensive ossification of the falx cerebri occur rarely however are described in the world literature references. Ossifications may concern both cerebral falx and other dural structures: tentorium. They are most often incidental findings and occurrence frequency in the population is remains unclear. The authors of the study are reviewing references on this subject, based on a case of extensive falx ossification. Manuscript describes the case of incidental detected of extensive calcification of the anterior brain sickle in a patient after head injury. Computed tomography revealed no pathology, but extensive ossification of falx was described. The patient did not complain of any significant complaints or neurological symptoms. The described calcification constituted a median and sagittal bone or calcium plate separating the frontal lobes of the brain. Analyzing references did not identify such extensive ossification of falx cerebri in human, however dural ossifications are reported in the references.
Sudden cardiac arrest as a result of anterior and lateral myocardial infarction at 16 weeks of gestation - case report
Authors: Wojcik Justyna , Obuchowska Karolina , Obuchowska Aleksandra , Ozga Alicja , Standyło Arkadiusz , Kimber-Trojnar Żaneta , Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena 
Published: September 2020

Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is defined as a significant impairment of the mechanical function of the heart muscle, characterized by the patient's lack of response to stimuli, no perceptible pulse and apnea or agonal breathing, most often caused by acute coronary syndrome (ACS). ACS during pregnancy is a rare phenomenon and its incidence increases with the age of giving birth.The most common cause of ACS in pregnancy are typical changes in the etiology of atherosclerosis or coronary artery thrombosis. Other factors increasing the risk of a heart attack are arterial hypertension, diabetes, obesity and lipid disorders. To describe a rare clinical case and demonstrate the importance of maintaining cardiac vigilance in pregnant patients. A 32-year-old patient, at 16 weeks of gestation, hospitalized due to an anterior and lateral ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), complicated by SCA due to the mechanism of ventricular fibrillation. The patient was qualified for invasive reperfusion treatment which included left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery surgery with drug eluting stent (DES) implantation and ballooning of the diagonal first coronary artery. Echocardiography done after treatment revealed apical hypokinesia and left ventricular ejection fraction of 70%. Subsequently the patient was kept under obstetrical and cardiological care. At 37 weeks of gestation, the pregnancy was finished by a successful caesarean section. Pregnancy is a state of hypercoagulability and decreased activity of the fibrinolytic system.The clinical management in this case does not differ from the clinical procedure adopted for non-pregnant women. It is important to make a diagnosis quickly and implement a life-saving procedure as soon as possible.
A comparative review of 1,004 orthopaedic trauma patients before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dayananda Kathryn S. S. , Mercer Scott T. , Agarwal Rishi , Yasin Tariq , Trickett Ryan W. 
Published: September 2020

Aims COVID-19 necessitated abrupt changes in trauma service delivery. We compare the demographics and outcomes of patients treated during lockdown to a matched period from 2019. Findings have important implications for service development. Methods A split-site service was introduced, with a COVID-19 free site treating the majority of trauma patients. Polytrauma, spinal, and paediatric trauma patients, plus COVID-19 confirmed or suspicious cases, were managed at another site. Prospective data on all trauma patients undergoing surgery at either site between 16 March 2020 and 31 May 2020 was collated and compared with retrospective review of the same period in 2019. Patient demographics, injury, surgical details, length of stay (LOS), COVID-19 status, and outcome were compared. Results There were 1,004 urgent orthopaedic trauma patients (604 in 2019; 400 in 2020). Significant reductions in time to theatre and LOS stay were observed. COVID-19 positive status was confirmed in 4.5% (n = 18). The COVID-19 mortality rate was 1.8% (n = 7). Day-case surgery comprised 47.8% (n = 191), none testing positive for COVID-19 or developing clinically significant COVID-19 symptoms requiring readmission, at a minimum of 17 days follow-up. Conclusion The novel split-site service, segregating suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases, minimized onward transmission and demonstrated improved outcomes regarding time to surgery and LOS, despite altered working patterns and additional constraints. Day-surgery pathways appear safe regarding COVID-19 transmission. Lessons learned require dissemination and should be sustained in preparation for a potential second wave or, the return of a “normal” non-COVID workload. Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;1-9:568–575.
Light propagation through metamaterial temporal slabs: reflection, refraction, and special cases
Authors: Ramaccia Davide , Toscano Alessandro , Bilotti Filiberto 
Published: September 2020

Time-varying metamaterials are artificial materials whose electromagnetic properties change over time. Similar to a spatial medium discontinuity, a sudden change in time of the metamaterial refractive index induces the generation of reflected and refracted light waves. The relationship between the incident and emerging fields at one temporal interface has been subject of investigation in earlier studies. Here, we extend the study to a temporal slab, i.e., a uniform homogeneous medium that is present in the whole space for a limited time. The scattering coefficients have been derived as a function of the refractive indices and application time, demonstrating that the response of the temporal slab can be controlled through the application time, which acts similarly to the electrical thickness of conventional spatial slabs. The results reported in this Letter pave the way to creating novel devices based on temporal discontinuities, such as temporal matching networks, Bragg grating, and dielectric mirrors, which exhibit zero space occupancy by exploiting the time dimension, instead of the spatial dimension.
Professional Wrestling
Authors: Mazer Sharon 
Published: September 2020

Professional wrestling is one of the most popular performance practices in the United States and around the world, drawing millions of spectators to live events and televised broadcasts. The displays of violence, simulated and actual, may be the obvious appeal, but that is just the beginning. Fans debate performance choices with as much energy as they argue about their favorite wrestlers. The ongoing scenarios and presentations of manly and not so-manly characters—from the flamboyantly feminine to the hypermasculine—simultaneously celebrate and critique, parody and affirm, the American dream and the masculine ideal.
Sharon Mazer looks at the world of professional wrestling from a fan’s-eye-view high in the stands and from ringside in the wrestlers’ gym. She investigates how performances are constructed and sold to spectators, both on a local level and in the “big leagues” of the WWF/E. She shares a close-up view of a group of wrestlers as they work out, get their faces pushed to the mat as part of their initiation into the fraternity of the ring, and dream of stardom. In later chapters, Mazer explores professional wrestling’s carnivalesque presentation of masculinities ranging from the cute to the brute, as well as the way in which the performances of women wrestlers often enter into the realm of pornographic. Finally, she explores the question of the “real” and the “fake” as the fans themselves confront it.
First published in 1998, this new edition of Professional Wrestling: Sport and Spectacle both preserves the original’s snapshot of the wrestling scene of the 1980s and 1990s and features an up-to-date perspective on the current state of play.