bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative case study: Administrators' and students' perceptions of the Seal of Biliteracy
Authors: Hancock Charlotte R. , Davin Kristin J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis comparative case study explores the perceived value of the Seal of Biliteracy (SoBL) between two key stakeholders, administrators and students. Drawing on interviews and focus group data from one large, urban district in Minnesota that was instrumental in assisting the state in diversifying languages awarded with the SoBL, this study investigated areas in which administrators' perceived value of the SoBL converged or diverged with linguistically diverse students' perceived value. Findings revealed convergences along the two themes of college credit and promoting multilingualism as an asset and divergences along the three themes of racial equity, proof/validation, and future opportunities. Convergences between these two groups represent the maximal zone of policy implementation whereas divergences represent areas in which work could be done to enhance the policy's potential. Implications focus on how to increase the number of linguistically diverse students earning the SoBL and highlight critical areas in need of additional research.
Light grazing facilitates carbon accumulation in subsoil in Chinese grasslands: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Jiang Zhi‐Yun , Hu Zhong‐Min , Lai Derrick Y. F. , Han Dao‐Rui , Wang Mei , Liu Min , Zhang Meng , Guo Ming‐Yan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGrazing by livestock greatly affects the soil carbon (C) cycle in grassland ecosystems. However, the effects of grazing at different intensities and durations on the dynamics of soil C in its subsoil layers are not clearly understood. Here, we compiled data from 78 sites (in total 122 published studies) to examine the effects of varying grazing intensities and durations on soil C content at different depths for grasslands in China. Our meta‐analysis revealed that grazing led to an overall decrease in soil C content and productivity of above‐ground vegetation (e.g., above‐ground biomass and litter) but an increase in below‐ground biomass. Specifically, the effects of grazing on soil C content became less negative or even positive with increasing soil depths. An increase of soil C content was consequently found under light grazing (LG), although soil C content still decreased under moderate and heavy grazing. The increase in soil C content under LG could be largely attributed to the increase of soil C content in subsoil layers (>20 cm), despite that soil C content in surface soil layer (0–20 cm) decreased. Moreover, the magnitude of increase in soil C content under LG in subsoil layers increased with grazing duration. A possible reason of the increase in soil C content in the subsoil layers was due to the increases in below‐ground biomass. Our study highlights that LG may modify the allocation of C input and promote its accumulation in subsoil layers, thus offsetting the negative impact of grazing on surface soil C content, a finding that has significant implications for C sequestration in grasslands.
Diversity‐dependent soil acidification under nitrogen enrichment constrains biomass productivity
Authors: Kimmel Kaitlin , Furey George N. , Hobbie Sarah E. , Isbell Forest , Tilman David , Reich Peter B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn most plant communities, the net effect of nitrogen enrichment is an increase in plant productivity. However, nitrogen enrichment also has been shown to decrease species richness and to acidify soils, each of which may diminish the long‐term impact of nutrient enrichment on productivity. Here we use a long‐term (20 year) grassland plant diversity by nitrogen enrichment experiment in Minnesota, United States (a subexperiment within the BioCON experiment) to quantify the net impacts of nitrogen enrichment on productivity, including its potential indirect effects on productivity via changes in species richness and soil pH over an experimental diversity gradient. Overall, we found that nitrogen enrichment led to an immediate positive increment in productivity, but that this effect became nonsignificant over later years of the experiment, with the difference in productivity between fertilized and unfertilized plots decreasing in proportion to nitrogen addition‐dependent declines in soil pH and losses of plant diversity. The net effect of nitrogen enrichment on productivity could have been 14.5% more on average over 20 years in monocultures if not for nitrogen‐induced decreases in pH and about 28.5% more on average over 20 years in 16 species communities if not for nitrogen‐induced species richness losses. Together, these results suggest that the positive effects of nutrient enrichment on biomass production can diminish in their magnitude over time, especially because of soil acidification in low diversity communities and especially because of plant diversity loss in initially high diversity communities.
Diagnostic test accuracy of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jeong Eunhye , Park Jinkyung , Lee Juneyoung 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the diagnostic test accuracy of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale through a systematic review and meta‐analysis.DesignA systematic review with meta‐analysis.Data sourcesArticles were searched systematically in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases up to April 2019.Review methodsData extraction and quality assessment were conducted using the Quality Assessment of the Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 tool. Pooled sensitivities, specificities, likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio for the tool were estimated and its hierarchical summary receiver‐operating characteristic curve was derived through a bivariate model meta‐analysis.ResultsEleven studies with a total of 2,245 patients were included in this review. The pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale were 68.6% (95% confidence interval; 55.3%, 79.5%) and 89.4% (83.3%, 93.5%), respectively. The pooled estimate of the area under the hierarchical summary receiver‐operating characteristic curve was 0.88.ConclusionUse of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale provides moderate to high sensitivity and high specificity. This review supports the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale as a validate tool of screening for delirium.ImpactWith the best evidence of the accuracy of the Nursing Delirium Screening Scale, we recommend nursing leaders to use this easy‐to‐use and validated tool for daily screening of delirium in any hospital setting, which possibly contribute to an early detection of delirium and, ultimately, assist to obtain an accurate estimation of prevalence of delirium.
The effects of digital storytelling games on high school students' critical thinking skills
Authors: Chen Hsiu‐Ling , Chuang Yun‐Chi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present study introduced Ren'py software as a digital storytelling (DST) tool to explore the effective use of digital game design learning in promoting critical thinking among high school students. A sample of 46 high school students enrolled in “Thinking Utopia,” an elective course in critical thinking for civics education, was put into groups of 3 to 4 for learning activities towards their collaborative designs of DST games. The course stretched across 9 weeks. Students' performance in critical thinking tests was also closely examined using paired‐sample t‐test analysis, which found no significant improvements; however, their interview responses were carefully studied using qualitative analysis and revealed that many of them agreed that the proposed collaborative activities for game script writing and for their collaborative designs of original hurdle questions have stimulated their critical thinking ability and contributed to the development of their other skills such as communication, problem‐solving and media literacy.
Altered m6A modification is involved in up‐regulated expression of FOXO3 in luteinized granulosa cells of non‐obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients
Authors: Zhang Shen , Deng Wenli , Liu Qiongyou , Wang Peiyu , Yang Wei , Ni Wuhua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by granulosa cell (GC) dysfunction. m6A modification affects GC function in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), but the role of m6A modification in PCOS is unknown. The purpose of the prospective comparative study was to analyse the m6A profile of the luteinized GCs from normovulatory women and non‐obese PCOS patients following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. RNA m6A methylation levels were measured by m6A quantification assay in the luteinized GCs of the controls and PCOS patients. Then, m6A profiles were analysed by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP‐seq). We reported that the m6A level was increased in the luteinized GCs of PCOS patients. Comparative analysis revealed differences between the m6A profiles from the luteinized GC of the controls and PCOS patients. We identified FOXO3 mRNA with reduced m6A modification in the luteinized GCs of PCOS patients. Selectively knocking down m6A methyltransferases or demethylases altered expression of FOXO3 in the luteinized GCs from the controls, but did not in PCOS patients. These suggested an absence of m6A‐mediated transcription of FOXO3 in the luteinized GCs of PCOS patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the involvement of m6A in the stability of the FOXO3 mRNA that is regulated via a putative methylation site in the 3’‐UTR only in the luteinized GCs of the controls. In summary, our findings showed that altered m6A modification was involved in up‐regulated expression of FOXO3 mRNA in the luteinized GCs from non‐obese PCOS patients following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
Hydrochemistry of Avène thermal waters (Avène‐les‐Bains, France)
Authors: Lions J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAvène Thermal Spring Water (Avène TSW) has been used since 1743 in the treatment of various pathologies. The hydrothermal system is delimited by a reservoir mainly composed by dolomite and quartz in which meteoric waters infiltrate allowing rock–water interactions that control the water's chemical composition. Water analysis and geochemical calculations highlight that water composition is stable and low mineral salt content are controlled by natural geochemical equilibrium and the solubility of the minerals calcite, dolomite and quartz according to temperature and CO2 pressure within the reservoir. In addition, the annual monitoring of surface waters sampled on the impluvium surface area confirms the absence of anthropic impact on water quality. The forest and the low human activity of the watershed contribute to preserve the natural groundwater quality. This confirms that nowadays, the recharge water is still of great quality for the future generation.
Broad spectrum repairing properties of an extract of Aquaphilus dolomiae on in vitro and ex vivo models of injured skin
Authors: Noizet M. , Bianchi P. , Galliano M.F. , Caruana A. , Brandner J.M. , Bessou‐Touya S. , Duplan H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundA biological concentrate was produced from cultures of an Avène aquatic microflora isolate, namely Aquaphilus dolomiae. Some of the beneficial effects on diseased and damaged skin are thought to be due to the presence of this microorganism.AimsAn extract of A. dolomiae (A. dolomiae extract‐G2, ADE‐G2) was evaluated for its wound‐healing effects using in vitro and ex vivo models of injured skin.MethodsThe effect of ADE‐G2 on the proliferation of fibroblasts, migration of keratinocytes and re‐epithelialization of ex vivo wounded skin explants was measured. Antimicrobial protection by ADE‐G2 was measured by analysing the gene expression of a panel of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) in keratinocytes (RNASE7, S100A7, DEFB4A/B and DEFb103B), as well as the protein encoded by DEFB4A‐B (hBD2) in the medium.ResultsADE‐G2 increased fibroblast proliferation and keratinocyte migration, as well as re‐epithelialization of wounded ex vivo skin. ADE‐G2 induced the expression of all AMP genes analysed in keratinocytes, as well as stimulated the release in to the medium of hBD2 peptide, encoded by DEFB4A/B.ConclusionsWe have shown the broad spectrum of the repairing properties of the A. dolomiae extract, ADE‐G2. These results support the use of ADE‐G2 as a promising component for use in formulations aimed at repairing skin, limiting wound superinfection and preventing complicated wounds.
Health habits of nursing students: A longitudinal study of health perceptions and health habits
Authors: Bulfone Giampiera , Maurici Massimo , Vellone Ercole , Macale Loreana , Alvaro Rosaria 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine nursing students’ health habits. More specifically, the objectives were to determine whether there were any changes in their health habits during their course of study, and to understand whether the students’ perceptions about good health conditions cohered with their health‐related behaviour.BackgroundThe transition from high school to university has an undesirable effect on students’ health habits, and nursing students’ unhealthy behaviours may prevent them from helping patients improve their poor health habits.DesignA longitudinal design was used. The study followed the recommendations of STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology).MethodsAll students were recruited from a nursing science degree course in an Italian university. The sample consisted of 351 nursing students. Data were collected at the baseline during their entrance into the university (T0) and at the end of their third year of coursework (T3). We developed the Nursing Student Health Habits Scale, which was administered by a trained researcher. The McNemar test and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test to evaluate the differences in health habits between T0 and T3, and a logistics model to assess the factors influencing students’ good health perceptions were used.ResultsFrom T0 to T3, there were decreases in the number of students who requested physician consultations (p = .01) and increases in those who exercised daily (p = .003). There was also a change in the nutrition model (p = .018). In the multivariate model, physician consultations for medical problems and performing physical exercise were factors influencing good health perceptions.ConclusionsFuture research is needed to illuminate other aspects of students’ health habits.Relevance to clinical practiceUniversities are advised to address these problems by reflecting on undergraduate and postgraduate curriculum content concerning health management and disease prevention.
Could sleep paralysis be pleasant?
Authors: Kliková Monika , Sharpless Brian A. , Bušková Jitka 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSleep paralysis is an inability to move at sleep onset or upon awakening. It is often a distressing experience that can be associated with significant clinical consequences. Few studies have focussed onpleasantsleep paralysis episodes. The present study aimed to determine the relative prevalence of pleasant episodes of sleep paralysis as well as variables that may make them more likely to occur. Participants (N = 172) with recurrent episodes of sleep paralysis completed a battery of questionnaires investigating sleep paralysis episodes, trauma symptoms, life satisfaction, and Big Five personality traits. Pleasant sleep paralysis was found to be a fairly common experience (i.e. 23%). Episodes were emotionally complex, with pleasant episodes often involving some admixture of fear. In terms of hallucinations, pleasant episodes were more likely to involve vestibular‐motor sensations (i.e. illusory body movements) and some individuals reported an ability to induce these hallucinations. Contrary to expectation, neither lower trauma symptomatology nor higher levels of reported life satisfaction predicted pleasant sleep paralysis. However, the ability to lucid dream and higher levels of trait openness to new experiences appeared to make pleasant episodes more likely. Clinical implications are discussed.
Influence of age and gender on sleep bruxism and snoring in non‐apneic snoring patients: A polysomnographic study
Authors: Smardz Joanna , Wieckiewicz Mieszko , Gac Pawel , Poreba Rafal , Wojakowska Anna , Mazur Grzegorz , Martynowicz Helena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present study aimed to assess the influence of gender and age on snoring and sleep bruxism in non‐apneic snoring patients. Adult participants with clinical suspicion of snoring and with no other significant medical history were recruited. Single‐night video polysomnography was performed to detect snoring and sleep bruxism. Finally, 137 snoring non‐apneic participants were included. Statistical analysis of gender groups showed that the total snore index and snore train were significantly higher in men than in women. Men also presented severe bruxism, with significantly more frequent episodes and higher bruxism episodes index scores. The correlation analysis showed the presence of significant linear relationships in the supine sleep position between age and snore index, snore index in non‐rapid eye movement 2 (N2) sleep stage, and snore train. The analysis of groups separated according to the criterion of third age quartile showed that the average, maximum and minimum audio volume in the non‐supine sleep position was significantly higher in the older group. The analysis of groups separated according to the criterion of median age showed that the bruxism episode index and bruxism phasic episodes were significantly higher in the younger group. Thus, it can be concluded that both age and gender influence snoring and sleep bruxism. Snoring and sleep bruxism seem to be more intensive in men. Older patients seem to snore more in N2 sleep and the supine sleep position and present lower bruxism episodes, especially the phasic type. The results of the present study indicate the need for further research on this topic to establish the possible relationship between snoring and sleep bruxism.
Differential effect of natural and pigment‐supplemented diets on larval development and phenotype of anurans
Authors: Cabrera‐Guzmán E. , Díaz‐Paniagua C. , Gomez‐Mestre I. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDiet has major effects on development, growth, health, and performance of animals. Photosynthetic pigments, in particular, are key components of the diet of many organisms that can play important roles in their development and performance. Compared to other taxa, we know relatively little about how these pigments impact amphibian larval development. We conducted diet supplementation experiments on tadpoles of two amphibian species, in which we offered various naturally co‐occurring aquatic macrophytes or diet enriched or not with supplement pigments. We evaluated the effect of these diets on developmental period, size, mass, color, and jumping performance of metamorphs exposed or not to risk of simulated pond drying during the larval period. Diet based on Myriophyllum alterniflorum resulted in high mortality rates of Mediterranean tree frog larvae (Hyla meridionalis), this macrophyte did not affect survival of Western spadefoot toads (Pelobates cultripes), but individuals took longer to reach metamorphosis. Regardless of the macrophyte consumed, spadefoot toad tadpoles speeded up metamorphosis when exposed to reduced water volume, whereas tree frog tadpoles did not show significant responses to simulated pond drying. The three supplemented diets tested—β‐carotene, lutein, and chlorophyll—had positive effects on size and mass of tree frogs; supplemented diet based on β‐carotene improved dorsal coloration of tree frogs and had positive effects on size and mass at metamorphosis of spadefoot toads. Tadpoles fed with supplements did not exhibit significant response to water reduction. Our study highlights the importance of larval diet on phenotypically plastic responses and post‐metamorphic traits in anurans.
Species identification of dermatophytes isolated in China by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionisation‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Shao Jin , Wan Zhe , Li Ruoyu , Yu Jin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesMatrix‐assisted laser desorption ionisation‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) is a novel technique for identifying dermatophytes. This study aimed to detect the limitation of MALDI‐TOF MS applied to dermatophytes.MethodsA total of 113 DNA‐sequenced dermatophyte isolates preserved at the Research Center for Medical Mycology of Peking University were selected for this study. Forty‐two isolates were selected as reference strains used to create a supplementary database. Seventy‐one isolates (Trichophyton rubrum series, T benhamiae series, T mentagrophytes series species and T schoenleinii) were used to evaluate the suitability of the MALDI‐TOF MS Biotyper system. MALDI Biotyper 4.0 software was employed to construct the main spectrum profile (MSP) dendrograms.ResultsCorrect identification rates at the species and genus levels were 90.1% and 91.5%, respectively, using Bruker Filamentous Fungi Library 1.0 combined with the novel database. The MSP dendrogram of the T rubrum series showed unambiguous separation of T rubrum and T violaceum and that of the T benhamiae series distinguished T verrucosum, T benhamiae and T erinacei. Conversely, the MSP dendrogram of the T mentagrophytes series did not successfully distinguish T mentagrophytes, T interdigitale and T tonsurans.ConclusionMALDI‐TOF MS showed good performance in the identification and delineation of the T rubrum series and T benhamiae series, but showed poor performance in T mentagrophytes series.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor is elevated in the blood serum of Crohn's disease patients, but is not influenced by anti‐TNF‐α treatment—A pilot study
Authors: Sochal Marcin , Małecka‐Panas Ewa , Gabryelska Agata , Fichna Jakub , Talar‐Wojnarowska Renata , Szmyd Bartosz , Białasiewicz Piotr 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is associated with depression, pain, or sleep disorders, factors that are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis and clinical course of Crohn's disease (CD). Therefore, the study aimed at assessing the BDNF serum level in patients with CD and evaluates the effect of anti‐TNF‐α therapy on the BDNF level and its impact on sleep, mood, and pain parameters.MethodsFifty‐eight CD patients and 26 healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. The severity of insomnia symptoms was assessed by the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Subjective pain intensity was estimated by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Laitinen Pain Scale. Mood level was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Seventeen patients were treated with anti‐TNF‐α therapy for 14 weeks and were re‐examined after treatment.Key ResultsCD patients had a higher serum BDNF level than HC (P = .010). No correlation between clinical severity and BDNF was found. There were positive correlations between the BDNF level and the results of AIS (r = 0.253, P = .020), the severity of pain measured using the VAS (r = 0.251, P = .021) and the Laitinen Pain Scale (r = 0.218, P = .047), but not BDI. No differences were observed in the BDNF level before and after 14 weeks of anti‐TNF‐α therapy.Conclusions and InferencesIncreased BDNF level in CD patients suggests that it may be involved in the pathogenesis and clinical course of the disease. Further research into BDNF might contribute to a better understanding of the effects of sleep and pain on the course of CD.