bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoscale ion implantation using focussed highly charged ions
Authors: Räcke Paul , Wunderlich Ralf , Gerlach Jürgen W , Meijer Jan , Spemann Daniel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We introduce a focussed ion beam (FIB) based ion implanter equipped with an electron beam ion source (EBIS), able to produce highly charged ions. As an example of its utilisation, we demonstrate the direct writing of nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond using focussed, mask-less irradiation with Ar8+ ions with sub-micron three dimensional placement accuracy. The ion optical system was optimised and is characterised via secondary electron imaging. The smallest measured foci are below 200 nm, using objective aperture diameters of 5 and 10 µm, showing that nanoscale ion implantation using an EBIS is feasible.
D*Dρ and B*Bρ strong couplings in light-cone sum rules *
Authors: Wang Chao , Li Hua-Dong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present an improved calculation of the strong coupling constants

and

in light-cone sum rules, including one-loop QCD corrections of leading power with

meson distribution amplitudes. We further compute subleading-power corrections from two-particle and three-particle higher-twist contributions at leading order up to twist-4 accuracy. The next-to-leading order corrections to the leading power contribution numerically offset the subleading-power corrections to a certain extent, and our numerical results are consistent with those of previous studies on sum rules. A comparison between our results and existing model-dependent estimations is also made.
Re-visiting supersymmetric Janus solutions: a perturbative construction *
Authors: Kim Nakwoo , Kim Se-Jin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We construct holographic Janus solutions, which describe a conformal interface in the theory of M2-branes, in four-dimensional gauged supergravities using a perturbative method. In particular, we study three Einstein-scalar systems and their BPS equations, which are derived by Bobev, Pilch, and Warner (2014). The actions of our interest are all consistent truncations of

supergravity, chosen to be invariant under

,

, and

symmetry subgroups of

. The utility of our semi-analytic result is illustrated by the calculation of minimal area surface and the associated holographic entanglement entropy.
Doublet bands at borders of A ≈ 130 island of chiral candidates: Case study of 120I *
Authors: Guo Rui , Liu Yong-Hao , Li Jian , Sun Wu-Ji , Li Li , Ma Ying-Jun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Positive-parity doublet bands were reported in 120I. Based on these, we discuss the corresponding experimental characteristics, including rotational alignment, and re-examine the corresponding configuration assignment. The self-consistent tilted axis cranking relativistic mean-field calculations indicate that the doublet bands are built on the configuration

. By adopting the two quasiparticles coupled with a triaxial rotor model, the excitation energies, energy staggering parameter S(I),

, effective angles, and K plots are discussed and compared with available data. The obtained results support the interpretation of chiral doublet bands for the positive-parity doublet bands in 120I, and hence identify this nucleus as the border of the A ≈ 130 island of chiral candidates.
Schrödinger’s ants: a continuous description of Kirman’s recruitment model
Authors: Moran José , Fosset Antoine , Benzaquen Michael , Bouchaud Jean-Philippe 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We show how the approach to equilibrium in Kirman’s ants model can be fully characterized in terms of the spectrum of a Schrödinger equation with a Pöschl–Teller (tan2) potential. Among other interesting properties, we have found that in the bimodal phase where ants visit mostly one food site at a time, the switch time between the two sources only depends on the ‘spontaneous conversion’ rate and not on the recruitment rate. More complicated correlation functions can be computed exactly, and involve higher and higher eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Schrödinger operator, which can be expressed in terms of hypergeometric functions.
Preparation and characterization of Ag-nanostars@Au-nanowires hierarchical nanostructures for highly sensitive surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Zalaffi Maria Sole , Litti Lucio , Canton Patrizia , Meneghetti Moreno , Moretto Ligia Maria , Ugo Paolo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this work we study the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) produced by hierarchical nanostructures obtained by coupling different anisotropic nanomaterial of two SERS active metals, namely Ag nanostars (AgNSs) and Au nanowires (AuNWs). Ag nanostars (AgNSs) are prepared, by a two-step one-pot synthesis by reduction of AgNO3 with hydroxylamine, trisodium citrate and NaOH. AuNWs are obtained by electroless templated synthesis in track-etched polycarbonate membranes with following etching of the template. The two precursors are bound together by bridging with the bifunctional cysteamine molecule, obtaining AgNS@AuNW hierarchical structures. Benzenethiol (BT) is adsorbed on the nanostructured material and used as SERS probe to study the amplification of Raman signals. Experimental results indicate significantly larger Raman enhancement when BT is adsorbed onto the AgNS@AuNW in comparison to AuNWs alone or decorated with quasi-spherical silver nanoparticles obtaining AgNP@AuNW. Digital simulations performed by the boundary element method agree with the experimental findings, showing higher number of hot spots and significantly higher SERS enhancements for AgNS@AuNW versus AuNWs or AgNSs or AgNP@AuNW.
Adaptation and Nostalgia
Authors: Kennedy-Karpat Colleen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis essay highlights the shared critical terrain of adaptation and nostalgia: how they critically juxtapose the past with the present, and how they underscore the impossibility of return while also relying on prior experience. It also explores nostalgia’s effect on personal responses to adaptations and its interaction with textual form. Drawing from various areas of literary, media, and performance studies, including film adaptations of children’s literature, Watchmen and its screen adaptations, and Disney’s live-action remakes, this essay underscores how both nostalgia and adaptation are inherently multivalent concepts, and how they each rely on perspective to generate critical meaning.
TULUA Lipoabdominoplasty: No Supraumbilical Elevation Combined With Transverse Infraumbilical Plication, Video Description, and Experience With 164 Patients
Authors: Villegas Francisco 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
TULUA (transverse plication, undermining halted at umbilicus, liposuction [without restrictions], umbilicoplasty with a skin graft, and abdominoplasty with low transverse scar localization) is a fundamentally different lipoabdominoplasty technique intended to reduce the risk of vascular compromise, correct wall laxity through a unique plication, allow freedom in choosing the umbilical position, reduce tension on closure, and keep the final scar low.

Objectives
The objectives of this article were to describe the TULUA technique and its variations, delineate the indications and contraindications, show the expected results, and determine its safety profile.

Methods
A series of 164 patients is presented. The technique’s basic tenets were (1) infraumbilical wide transverse plication; (2) no undermining above the umbilicus; (3) unrestricted liposuction, including the supraumbilical tissues; (4) umbilical amputation and neoumbilicoplasty in the ideal position with a skin graft; and (5) low transverse scar placement. Complications were recorded and tabulated. Results were evaluated utilizing Salles’ and the author’s graded scales.

Results
Scores averaged 9.4 out of 10 on the Salles’ scale and 5.6 out of 6 on the author’s scale, demonstrating adequate correction of the abdominal contour and the wall and skin laxity, with properly placed scars and umbilici, and without compensatory epigastric bulging. Overall, 20% of the patients experienced a complication: 9.7% experienced a delay in either the healing or graft take of the umbilicus, 0.6% developed skin necrosis, 0.6% experienced a wound dehiscence, 2.4% had an infection, and 4.9% developed a seroma.

Conclusions
The TULUA lipoabdominoplasty technique was found to improve abdominal wall laxity and aesthetics to a degree that is similar to traditional abdominoplasty, based on the evaluated parameters. The complications associated with the procedure are within the range of other abdominoplasty techniques, and the technique potentially has a reasonable safety profile with less risk of vascular compromise.

Level of Evidence: 4
Maternal predation risk increases offspring’s exploration but does not affect schooling behavior
Authors: Cattelan Silvia , Herbert-Read James , Panizzon Paolo , Devigili Alessandro , Griggio Matteo , Pilastro Andrea , Morosinotto Chiara 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The environment that parents experience can influence their reproductive output and their offspring’s fitness via parental effects. Perceived predation risk can affect both parent and offspring phenotype, but it remains unclear to what extent offspring behavioral traits are affected when the mother is exposed to predation risk. This is particularly unclear in live-bearing species where maternal effects could occur during embryogenesis. Here, using a half-sib design to control for paternal effects, we experimentally exposed females of a live-bearing fish, the guppy (Poecilia reticulata), to visual predator cues and conspecific alarm cues during their gestation. Females exposed to predation risk cues increased their antipredator behaviors throughout the entire treatment. Offspring of mothers exposed to the predation stimuli exhibited more pronounced exploratory behavior, but did not show any significant differences in their schooling behavior, compared to controls. Thus, while maternally perceived risk affected offspring’s exploration during early stages of life, offspring’s schooling behavior could be influenced more by direct environmental experience rather than via maternal cues. Our results suggest a rather limited role in predator-induced maternal effects on the behavior of juvenile guppies.
Deep-learning method for data association in particle tracking
Authors: Yao Yao , Smal Ihor , Grigoriev Ilya , Akhmanova Anna , Meijering Erik 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Biological studies of dynamic processes in living cells often require accurate particle tracking as a first step toward quantitative analysis. Although many particle tracking methods have been developed for this purpose, they are typically based on prior assumptions about the particle dynamics, and/or they involve careful tuning of various algorithm parameters by the user for each application. This may make existing methods difficult to apply by non-expert users and to a broader range of tracking problems. Recent advances in deep-learning techniques hold great promise in eliminating these disadvantages, as they can learn how to optimally track particles from example data.

Results
Here, we present a deep-learning-based method for the data association stage of particle tracking. The proposed method uses convolutional neural networks and long short-term memory networks to extract relevant dynamics features and predict the motion of a particle and the cost of linking detected particles from one time point to the next. Comprehensive evaluations on datasets from the particle tracking challenge demonstrate the competitiveness of the proposed deep-learning method compared to the state of the art. Additional tests on real-time-lapse fluorescence microscopy images of various types of intracellular particles show the method performs comparably with human experts.

Availability and implementation
The software code implementing the proposed method as well as a description of how to obtain the test data used in the presented experiments will be available for non-commercial purposes from https://github.com/yoyohoho0221/pt_linking.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Proximate and ultimate drivers of variation in bite force in the insular lizardsPodarcis melisellensisandPodarcis sicula
Authors: Taverne Maxime , King-Gillies Nina , Krajnović Maria , Lisičić Duje , Mira Óscar , Petricioli Donat , Sabolić Iva , Štambuk Anamaria , Tadić Zoran , Vigliotti Chloé , Wehrle Beck , Herrel Anthony 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBite force is a key performance trait in lizards because biting is involved in many ecologically relevant tasks, including foraging, fighting and mating. Several factors have been suggested to impact bite force in lizards, such as head morphology (proximate factors), or diet, intraspecific competition and habitat characteristics (ultimate factors). However, these have been generally investigated separately and mostly at the interspecific level. Here we tested which factors drive variation in bite force at the population level and to what extent. Our study includes 20 populations of two closely related lacertid species, Podarcis melisellensis and Podarcis sicula, which inhabit islands in the Adriatic. We found that lizards with more forceful bites have relatively wider and taller heads, and consume more hard prey and plant material. Island isolation correlates with bite force, probably by driving resource availability. Bite force is only poorly explained by proxies of intraspecific competition. The linear distance from a large island and the proportion of difficult-to-reduce food items consumed are the ultimate factors that explain most of the variation in bite force. Our findings suggest that the way in which morphological variation affects bite force is species-specific, probably reflecting the different selective pressures operating on the two species.
Heterosexist Attitudes amongst Students Entering a Bachelor of Social Work Programme in Switzerland: Exploring Continuing Challenges for Social Work Education
Authors: Gredig Daniel , Bartelsen-Raemy Annabelle 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSocial work programmes are expected to enable students to work adequately with sexual minorities. In Switzerland, however, curricular content on sexual minorities is lacking in BSW programmes. Potential sexual prejudice is not explicitly addressed. This study aimed to assess the attitudes towards lesbian women and gay men amongst students entering the BSW programme of a university in Switzerland to establish a basis for discussing curriculum development. Students entering the programme from 2015 through 2018 were surveyed using an online questionnaire. Heterosexist attitudes were captured using the ‘Multidimensional Scale of Attitudes toward Lesbians and Gay Men’. The responding 955 entering students reported positive attitudes towards lesbians and gay men and evidenced low levels of heterosexist views. However, only 4.3 per cent of the respondents consistently disagreed with all items expressing heterosexist views, whilst 43.3 per cent completely agreed with at least one item. The views expressed by male participants expressed significantly higher levels of heterosexism than did those of female participants. The findings evidence uncertainties and a lack of reflection on unquestioned but heteronormative views. This reflects a need to infuse BSW programmes with sexual minority content, to provide opportunities for critical reflection and to address heteronormative and heterosexist views.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Typhoidal Salmonella: Around the World in 3 Days
Authors: Saha Senjuti , Sajib Mohammad Saiful Islam , Garrett Denise , Qamar Farah N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
With the increasing antibacterial resistance in typhoidal Salmonella and the dearth of novel antimicrobials on the horizon, we risk losing our primary defense against widespread morbidity and mortality from enteric fever. During 26–28 March 2019, researchers from around the world came together in Hanoi, Vietnam, and shared some of their latest findings on antimicrobial resistance. From the 258 abstracts presented at the conference, at least 50 discussed phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of antimicrobial resistance in typhoidal Salmonella, covering data of at least 24 different countries, spanning 5 continents. Here, we summarize the key findings, focusing on our global journey ahead.
Impact of electronic alerts for acute kidney injury on patient outcomes: interrupted time-series analysis of population cohort data
Authors: Baird David , De Souza Nicosha , Logan Rachael , Walker Heather , Guthrie Bruce , Bell Samira 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Automated acute kidney injury (AKI) electronic alerts (e-alerts) are rule-based warnings triggered by changes in creatinine and are intended to facilitate earlier detection in AKI. We assessed the impact of the introduction in the Tayside region of UK in April 2015 of automated AKI e-alerts with an accompanying education programme.

Methods
Interrupted time-series analysis using segmented regression was performed involving all adults with AKI aged ≥18 years who had a serum creatinine measured between 1 April 2013 and 31 March 2017. Analysis evaluated associations of AKI e-alert introduction on rate and severity (Stages 2–3) of AKI as well as mortality and occupied hospital bed days per patient per month in the population with AKI.

Results
There were 32 320 episodes of AKI during the observation period. Implementation of e-alerts had no effect on the rate of any AKI [incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.996, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.991 to 1.001, P = 0.086] or on the rate of severe AKI (IRR 0.995, 95% CI 0.990 to 1.000, P = 0.061). Subgroup analysis found no impact on the rate or severity of AKI in hospital or in the community. Thirty-day mortality following AKI did not improve (IRR 0.998, 95% CI 0.987 to 1.009, P = 0.688). There was a slight reduction in occupied bed days (β-coefficient −0.059, 95% CI −0.094 to −0.025, P = 0.002).

Conclusions
Introduction of automated AKI e-alerts was not associated with a change in the rate, severity or mortality associated with AKI, but there was a small reduction in occupied hospital bed days.
Optically Improved Mitochondrial Function Redeems Aged Human Visual Decline
Authors: Shinhmar Harpreet , Grewal Manjot , Sivaprasad Sobha , Hogg Chris , Chong Victor , Neveu Magella , Jeffery Glen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The age spectrum of human populations is shifting toward the older with larger proportions suffering physical decline. Mitochondria influence the pace of aging as the energy they provide for cellular function in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) declines with age. Mitochondrial density is greatest in photoreceptors, particularly cones that have high energy demands and mediate color vision. Hence, the retina ages faster than other organs, with a 70% ATP reduction over life and a significant decline in photoreceptor function. Mitochondria have specific light absorbance characteristics influencing their performance. Longer wavelengths spanning 650–&gt;1,000 nm improve mitochondrial complex activity, membrane potential, and ATP production. Here, we use 670-nm light to improve photoreceptor performance and measure this psychophysically in those aged 28–72 years. Rod and cone performance declined significantly after approximately 40 years of age. 670-nm light had no impact in younger individuals, but in those around 40 years and older, significant improvements were obtained in color contrast sensitivity for the blue visual axis (tritan) known to display mitochondrial vulnerability. The red visual axis (protan) improved but not significantly. Rod thresholds also improved significantly in those &gt;40 years. Using specific wavelengths to enhance mitochondrial performance will be significant in moderating the aging process in this metabolically demanding tissue.
Leisure-time physical activity, coping and life satisfaction among Korean individuals with physical disabilities
Authors: Kim Junhyoung , Kim Jaehyun , Han Areum 
Published: June 2020

Summary
A few studies explored the relationships among leisure-time physical activity (LTPA), coping, and life satisfaction among individuals with physical disabilities. This study aims to investigate how LPTA contributes to coping and life satisfaction among Korean individuals with physical disabilities. Using a purposive sampling strategy, a total of 351 people with physical disabilities participated in this study. The results of this study find that participation in LTPA leads to the development of active coping strategies that contribute to increased life satisfaction. This study suggests that encouraging LTPA participation can be a critical task to healthcare providers working with individuals with physical disabilities.
Randomized Controlled Trial of Compression Interventions for Managing Hand Burn Edema, as Measured by Bioimpedance Spectroscopy
Authors: Edwick Dale O , Hince Dana A , Rawlins Jeremy M , Wood Fiona M , Edgar Dale W 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCompression, a common treatment of choice for the management of edema, is one intervention that is applied with little objective understanding of the optimal parameters of application or efficacy in acute burn wounds. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of different methods of compression for the management of hand edema following burn injury. The primary hypothesis tested was that in acute hand burn injury, the application of cohesive bandage will reduce edema faster than a generic compression glove. It is a randomized controlled study of 100 patients presenting with hand burn injury. Compression was randomized to one of the three methods of application: 1) spiral application of Coban to fingers, figure of eight to hand and wrist; 2) pinch application of Coban to fingers, spiral application to hand and wrist; or 3) a generic compression glove (control condition). Bioimpedance spectroscopy was used to measure hand volumes. Hand and wrist range of movement, pain scores, and QuickDASH were recorded. One hundred patients (68 males) demonstrated significant reductions in hand volumes, using all compression methods. Both methods of applying Coban resulted in significantly greater reductions in edema compared to the generic compression glove. Notwithstanding compression method, all range of movement measures improved, with significant improvement in thumb opposition (P = .046), hand span (P = .020), and wrist flexion (P = .020). QuickDASH decreased between sessions (P &lt; .001). Different methods of applying Coban are superior to generic compression gloves for managing acute hand burn edema.