bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining realized measures to forecast REIT volatility
Authors: Zhou Jian 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study aims to show that the best-performing realized measures vary across markets when it comes to forecast real estate investment trust (REIT) volatility. This finding provides little guidance for practitioners on which one to use when facing a new market. The authors attempt to fill the hole by seeking a common estimator, which can study for different markets.Design/methodology/approachThe authors do so by drawing upon the general forecasting literature, which finds that combinations of individual forecasts often outperform even the best individual forecast. The authors carry out the study by first introducing a number of commonly used realized measures and then considering several different combination strategies. The authors apply all of the individual measures and their different combinations to three major global REIT markets (Australia, UK and US).FindingsThe findings show that both unconstrained and constrained versions of the regression-based combinations consistently rank among the group of best forecasters across the three markets under study. None of their peers can do it including the three simple combinations and all of the individual measures. The conclusions are robust to the choice of evaluation metrics and of the out-of-sample evaluation periods.Originality/valueThe study provides practitioners with easy-to-follow insights on how to forecast REIT volatility, that is, use a regression-based combination of individual realized measures. The study has also extended the thin real estate literature on using high-frequency data to examine REIT volatility.
Risk perception in PPP infrastructure project financing in India
Authors: Gupta Pankaj Kumar , Verma Harender 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the risk perception of project sponsors in financing of public–private partnership (PPP) infrastructure projects in India.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology used is survey questionnaire that seeks the perception of risk managers in PPP projects. Rating and relative ranking of risk at various phases of PPP project have been analyzed and supplemented by unstructured interviews.

Findings
This paper shows that the perception of project sponsors for various levels of project risk categories differ significantly in PPP infrastructure projects. The practices of assessing risk and handling differ among the financing institutions. The ranking of risks shows a disagreement among respondents for relative importance. The project financiers that include major banks and financial institutions funding for the PPP infrastructure projects perceive risks differently, and their disagreement on the relative importance of risks may create a sub-optimality in risk management, and the essence of project sponsorship may be lost.

Research limitations/implications
This paper examines the perceptions of the various risks involved in PPP infrastructure project financing. The authors emphasize on the infrastructure projects in the transportation and energy sector that are undertaken in the PPPs. This research can further be extended to the other infrastructure sectors such as roads, shipping and communication.

Practical implications
Experiences reveal that risk perception profoundly influence the implementation of infrastructure projects involving PPPs. To ensure smooth implementation and success of PPP infrastructure projects, the project sponsors must align, synchronize and develop consensus on the various funding and non-funding risks into the project curriculum.

Social implications
The PPP infrastructure projects carry huge investment and are of strategic importance to the nation and society. In order that the provision of infrastructure which can be most economically and efficiently delivered through PPPs, the risk concordance assumes crucial importance.

Originality/value
The authors believe that this research may provide new direction to the visible and invisible misbalances in risk postures of project partners, which has been a cause of concern to the government and policymakers in India in the recent times.
From reflection to action: a case study of an art psychotherapy group which drew on occupational therapy perspectives
Authors: Coles Ali , Elliott Tom 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to describe service user experiences of an art psychotherapy group which drew on occupational therapy perspectives to help adults with severe and enduring mental health difficulties move forward in their recovery.

Design/methodology/approach
A case study approach incorporating outcome data was used. The data gathered comprised attendance, facilitators’ clinical notes, photographs of participant artworks, the Psychological Outcome Profiles questionnaire (PSYCHLOPS: www.psychlops.org), a post-therapy feedback form, discussion at post-therapy individual review sessions and participants’ achievements post-group.

Findings
All but one participant scored the group as “very helpful” or “helpful” and all felt that the group had helped them with the personal aims they had identified. The PSYCHLOPS questionnaire yielded a large average effect size, indicating positive change in terms of problems, functioning and well-being. Participants identified several ways in which the group was helpful, and their artwork and reflections indicate how they used the art making in the group to pursue their recovery goals. The service user experiences and outcomes suggest that this group was effective in facilitating recovery for these adults with severe and enduring mental health difficulties.

Originality/value
This group was innovative in integrating approaches from the different professional specialisms and the findings encourage further investigation into this way of working.
Still worlds apart: flourishing in people with mental health problems
Authors: Allen Rosie Elizabeth , Carson Jerome , Merrifield Bethany , Bush Stacey 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to compare a group of service users with mental health problems with a community comparison group of gym attenders.

Design/methodology/approach
Cross-sectional questionnaire surveys were conducted at a large gym (n = 181) and two community mental health facilities (n = 127) in the Greater Manchester area using a convenience sample approach. All participants completed the PERMA Scale, a measure of flourishing.

Findings
Gym attenders scored significantly higher on the five elements of PERMA. Their physical health ratings were almost double. They also had significantly lower levels of negative emotions and loneliness and higher levels of overall happiness.

Research limitations/implications
This study only considered levels of flourishing. Previous studies of quality of life have shown similar disparities between people with mental health problems and others.

Practical implications
Professor Seligman has claimed that improving levels of flourishing is the main aim of positive psychology. The present study suggests this may be especially challenging for people with mental health problems.

Social implications
The concept of flourishing could provide a more positive non-medical focus for mental health services, in the development of what some have called positive psychiatry. This complements the current recovery model.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first studies to compare flourishing levels between individuals with mental health problems and a community comparison group using the PERMA Scale.
Niche partitioning between river shark species is driven by seasonal fluctuations in environmental salinity
Authors: Dwyer Ross G. , Campbell Hamish A. , Cramp Rebecca L. , Burke Colin L. , Micheli‐Campbell Mariana A. , Pillans Richard D. , Lyon Barry J. , Franklin Craig E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Tropical rivers and estuaries are highly dynamic environments, where environmental conditions change dramatically over spatial and temporal scales. This creates both physiological and ecological challenges for euryhaline elasmobranchs, where fluctuations in salinity can impact not only osmoregulatory function but also the ability to find and acquire prey.

We investigated how spatial and temporal variation in environmental salinity influences physiological homoeostasis, habitat utilization and migration timing in two euryhaline carcharhinid sharks within a tropical river in northern Australia. Neonate and juvenile bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas and speartooth sharks Glyphis glyphis were tracked over a 4‐year period using implanted acoustic tags and an array of hydrophone receivers. Tissue samples were also collected from captured sharks and analysed for interspecific differences in plasma osmolarity, urea and electrolyte (Na+ and K+) concentrations and the stable isotopes δ13C and δ15N.

We discovered that immature C. leucas and G. glyphis segregate spatially along a salinity gradient between September and December, where the mean volume of intersection between species dropped as low as 0.01. While G. glyphis used higher salinity environments (mean salinity = 19.22) located between 30 and 70 km from the mouth of the estuary, C. leucas occupied freshwater reaches (mean salinity = 1.98) between 60 and 110 km upstream. Plasma osmolarities of both species were always hyperosmotic to the environment, with electrolyte concentrations maintained within a narrow range independent of environmental osmolarities. At the onset of the wet season, both C. leucas and G. glyphis undertook a coordinated downstream migration towards the lower estuary before returning upstream.

Carcharhinus leucas blood tissues were more enriched in δ15N and δ13C than samples collected from similar size G. glyphis, suggesting that these species not only spatially segregate within low salinity habitats but also prey on different dietary resources. Furthermore, a loss of enriched isotopic values in fin tissue with increasing body length provides further support for marine use by adult sharks in conjunction with dependence on rivers as important nursery habitat. Our results illustrate the importance of long‐term integrative studies into resource competition and the significance of discrete brackish habitats for threatened euryhaline elasmobranchs.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Performing the Home: Enacting Citizenship and Countering Jerusalem's Residency Revocation Policy
Authors: Volinz Lior 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe home is an arena of political contestation. The choice, or lack thereof, of where and how one might inhabit and maintain a home is a political decision, in a political (urban) landscape. This is particularly the case in Jerusalem, where some Palestinian residents are forced into living double lives, in which they craft a carefully manicured script of their lives to present to state authorities, complete with showcase homes and furnishing, aimed at preserving their right to enter and work in their city. Palestinian Jerusalemites are legally considered stateless under Israeli law, as foreigners with a permit to reside in their home city. Israeli state actors increasingly seek to revoke their residency permits, often on the grounds of living outside the city's boundaries. I explore how Palestinian Jerusalemites perform their home through socio‐material practices, as part of an enactment of citizenship aimed at maintaining limited rights, resources and mobility in the face of urban exclusion. I propose that a focus on how residents curate their home and showcase its interior to state authorities can cast a light on previously unexplored elements of state‐citizen relations, in which residents claim rights through the materiality and social practices of the home.
Rapid adaptation for fibre degradation by changes in plasmid stoichiometry within Lactobacillus plantarum at the synthetic community level
Authors: Ben‐David Yonit , Moraïs Sarah , Bayer Edward A. , Mizrahi Itzhak 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe multi‐enzyme cellulosome complex can mediate the valorization of lignocellulosic biomass into soluble sugars that can serve in the production of biofuels and valuable products. A potent bacterial chassis for the production of active cellulosomes displayed on the cell surface is the bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum, a lactic acid bacterium used in many applications. Here, we developed a methodological pipeline to produce improved designer cellulosomes, using a cell‐consortium approach, whereby the different components self‐assemble on the surface of L. plantarum. The pipeline served as a vehicle to select and optimize the secretion efficiency of potent designer cellulosome enzyme components, to screen for the most efficient enzymatic combinations and to assess attempts to grow the engineered bacterial cells on wheat straw as a sole carbon source. Using this strategy, we were able to improve the secretion efficiency of the selected enzymes and to secrete a fully functional high‐molecular‐weight scaffoldin component. The adaptive laboratory process served to increase significantly the enzymatic activity of the most efficient cell consortium. Internal plasmid re‐arrangement towards a higher enzymatic performance attested for the suitability of the approach, which suggests that this strategy represents an efficient way for microbes to adapt to changing conditions.
Energy sensors in drug addiction: A potential therapeutic target
Authors: López‐Gambero Antonio Jesús , Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando , Suárez Juan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAddiction is defined as the repeated exposure and compulsive seek of psychotropic drugs that, despite the harmful effects, generate relapse after the abstinence period. The psychophysiological processes associated with drug addiction (acquisition/expression, withdrawal, and relapse) imply important alterations in neurotransmission and changes in presynaptic and postsynaptic plasticity and cellular structure (neuroadaptations) in neurons of the reward circuits (dopaminergic neuronal activity) and other corticolimbic regions. These neuroadaptation mechanisms imply important changes in neuronal energy balance and protein synthesis machinery. Scientific literature links drug‐induced stimulation of dopaminergic and glutamatergic pathways along with presence of neurotrophic factors with alterations in synaptic plasticity and membrane excitability driven by metabolic sensors. Here, we provide current knowledge of the role of molecular targets that constitute true metabolic/energy sensors such as AMPK, mTOR, ERK, or KATP in the development of the different phases of addiction standing out the main brain regions (ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, and amygdala) constituting the hubs in the development of addiction. Because the available treatments show very limited effectiveness, evaluating the drug efficacy of AMPK and mTOR specific modulators opens up the possibility of testing novel pharmacotherapies for an individualized approach in drug abuse.
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic evaluation of meropenem plus fosfomycin in paediatrics
Authors: Martins Frederico S. , Zhu Peijuan , Heinrichs M. Tobias , Sy Sherwin K. B. 
Published: July 2020

AimsThe objective of the current study was to evaluate paediatric dosing regimens for meropenem plus fosfomycin that generate sufficient coverage against multidrug‐resistant bacteria.MethodsThe physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models of meropenem and fosfomycin were developed from previously published pharmacokinetic studies in five populations: healthy subjects of Japanese origin, and healthy adults, geriatric, paediatric and renally impaired of primarily Caucasian origins. Pharmacodynamic (PD) analyses were carried out by evaluating dosing regimens that achieved a ≥90% joint probability of target attainment (PTA), which was defined as the minimum of the marginal probabilities to achieve the target PD index of each antibiotic. For meropenem, the percentage of time over a 24‐hour period wherein the free drug concentration was above the minimum inhibitory concentration (fT > MIC) of at least 40% was its PD target. The fosfomycin PD index was described by fAUC/MIC of at least 40.8.ResultsFor coadministration consisting of 20 mg/kg meropenem q8h as a 3‐hour infusion and 35 mg/kg fosfomycin q8h also as a 3‐hour infusion in a virtual paediatric population between 1 month and 12 years of age with normal renal function and a corresponding body weight between 3 and 50 kg, a joint PTA ≥ 90% is achieved at MICs of 16 and 64 mg/L for meropenem and fosfomycin coadministration, respectively, against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.ConclusionThe current study identified potentially effective paediatric dosing regimens for meropenem plus fosfomycin coadministration against multidrug‐resistant bacteria.
Proteinase‐activated receptor 1: A target for repurposing in the treatment of COVID‐19?
Authors: Sriram Krishna , Insel Paul A. 
Published: July 2020

In the search to rapidly identify effective therapies that will mitigate the morbidity and mortality of COVID‐19, attention has been directed towards the repurposing of existing drugs. Candidates for repurposing include drugs that target COVID‐19 pathobiology, including agents that alter angiotensin signalling. Recent data indicate that key findings in COVID‐19 patients include thrombosis and endotheliitis. Activation of proteinase‐activated receptor 1 (PAR1), in particular by the serine protease thrombin, is a critical element in platelet aggregation and coagulation. PAR1 activation also impacts on the actions of other cell types involved in COVID‐19 pathobiology, including endothelial cells, fibroblasts and pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells. Vorapaxar is an approved inhibitor of PAR1, used for treatment of patients with myocardial infarction or peripheral arterial disease. We discuss evidence for a possible beneficial role for vorapaxar in the treatment of COVID‐19 patients and other as‐yet non‐approved antagonists of PAR1 and proteinase‐activated receptor 4 (PAR4).Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed issue on The Pharmacology of COVID‐19. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.21/issuetoc
Propensity score analysis of overall survival between first‐ and second‐generation EGFR‐TKIs using real‐world data
Authors: Ito Kentaro , Murotani Kenta , Kubo Akihito , Kunii Eiji , Taniguchi Hirokazu , Shindoh Joe , Asada Kazuhiro , Imaizumi Kazuyoshi , Takahashi Kosuke , Karayama Masato , Okuno Motoyasu , Inui Naoki , Hataji Osamu , Morikawa Sayako , Hayai Shunsaku , Suda Takafumi , Abe Takashi , Tsuda Takeshi , Yamagichi Teppei , Kimura Tomoki , Oya Yuko , Yoshida Tatsuya , Hida Toyoaki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe constructed a data set of EGFR‐mutant non–small‐cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients, and compared the overall survival of first‐generation (1G), and second‐generation (2G) EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in clinical practice using a propensity score. We reviewed the clinical data of consecutive EGFR‐mutated NSCLC patients who received EGFR‐TKI therapy between January 2008 and August 2017 at 11 institutions in Japan. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). When comparing OS between 1G and 2G EGFR‐TKIs, propensity score analyses were performed using 2 methods: matching and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). (Clinical Trial information: UMIN000030121) In total, 1400 patients from 11 institutions were enrolled in this study, and the data from the 1366 patients who received only EGFR‐TKI therapy were analyzed (gefitinib [GEF], N = 732; erlotinib [ERL], N = 416; afatinib, N = 218). Median OS times (months [95%CI]) were 29.7 [27.5‐33.5] in the 1G group (gefitinib, 32.0 [28.1‐35.8]; erlotinib, 27.5 [23.9‐31.7]), and 38.6 [32.2‐NR] in the 2G group (afatinib), respectively. The trend of longer OS for afatinib against 1G EGFR‐TKIs remained, even after adjusted by propensity score. (unadjusted, hazard ratio [HR] 0.676, P = .0023; adjusted by IPTW, HR 0.685 P < .0001; adjusted by matching, HR 0.725, P = .0418). Exploratory analysis showed that OS using the 2G EGFR‐TKI was superior to that of the 1G EGFR‐TKIs, suggesting the potential of sequential therapy of 2G EGFR‐TKI followed by osimertinib. (HR 0.419, P = .0519) Real‐world data analysis using 1354 data records, using propensity scoring, indicated that 2G EGFR‐TKI had a trend of longer OS compared with 1G EGFR‐TKIs.
Synthetic lethality strategies: Beyond BRCA1/2 mutations in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Hu Yunlong , Guo Mingzhou 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCancer cells are often characterized by abnormalities in DNA damage response including defects in cell cycle checkpoints and/or DNA repair. Synthetic lethality between DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways has provided a paradigm for cancer therapy by targeting DDR. The successful example is that cancer cells with BRCA1/2 mutations are sensitized to poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]‐ribose)polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Beyond the narrow scope of defects in the BRCA pathway, “BRCAness” provides more opportunities for synthetic lethality strategy. In human pancreatic cancer, frequent mutations were found in cell cycle and DDR genes, including P16, P73, APC, MLH1, ATM, PALB2, and MGMT. Combined DDR inhibitors and chemotherapeutic agents are under preclinical or clinical trials. Promoter region methylation was found frequently in cell cycle and DDR genes. Epigenetics joins the Knudson's “hit” theory and “BRCAness.” Aberrant epigenetic changes in cell cycle or DDR regulators may serve as a new avenue for synthetic lethality strategy in pancreatic cancer.
Primary pneumococcal peritonitis can be the first presentation of a familial complement factor I deficiency1
Authors: Ugrinovic S , Firth H , Kavanagh D , Gouliouris T , Gurugama P , Baxendale H , Lachmann P J , Kumararatne D , Gkrania-Klotsas E 
Published: July 2020

Summary
Primary pneumococcal peritonitis is a rare infection that has been described in women but has not been previously linked with immunodeficiency. The complement system plays a central role in immune defence against Streptococcus pneumoniae and, in order to evade complement attack, pneumococci have evolved a large number of mechanisms that limit complement-mediated opsonization and subsequent phagocytosis. We investigated an apparently immunocompetent woman with primary pneumococcal peritonitis and identified a family with deficiency for complement factor I. Primary pneumococcal peritonitis should be considered a possible primary immunodeficiency presentation.