bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wpływ sposobu żywienia na płodność kobiet i mężczyzn
Authors: Sawaniewska Barbara , Gajewska Danuta , Lange Ewa 
Published: November 2019

Badania naukowe wskazują, że sposób żywienia w istotny sposób wpływa na płodność kobiet i mężczyzn w wieku rozrodczym. W niniejszym artykule dokonano przeglądu badań naukowych na temat zależności między spożyciem żywności a płodnością. Wykazano, że dieta śródziemnomorska jest optymalnym wzorcem dla diety wspomagającej płodność i leczenie niepłodności. Również dieta określona w badaniach naukowych jako „prudent pattern” wykazywała korzystne działanie, szczególnie u mężczyzn. Z kolei dieta typu zachodniego wykazywała działanie niekorzystne w zaburzeniach płodności u kobiet i mężczyzn.
Słowa kluczowe: dieta, płodność, dieta śródziemnomorska, dieta typu zachodniego, stres oksydacyjny, jakość parametrów nasienia
EDUCAÇÃO E EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO NO PLANO MUNICIPAL DE EDUCAÇÃO DE ALTO ARAGUAIA -MT
Authors: Herculano João Eliezer 
Published: November 2019

O presente artigo apresenta os conceitos de educação e Educação do Campo contidos no Plano Municipal de Educação (PME) aprovado em 2015 em Alto Araguaia-MT, bem como, os estudos e reflexões acerca do tema. Tem o objetivo de averiguar se as concepções nele apresentadas estabelecem nexo com o que fundamentam as abordagens teóricas de educação emancipadora. O conceito de educação apreendido no levantamento realizado aponta para uma visão de educação que extrapola o contexto escolar, tratando-se de um fenômeno que acontece em uma multiplicidade de lugares, de diferentes maneiras e em todas as esferas da sociedade.
Impact of model improvements on 80 m wind speeds during the second Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP2)
Authors: Bianco Laura , Djalalova Irina V. , Wilczak James M. , Olson Joseph B. , Kenyon Jaymes S. , Choukulkar Aditya , Berg Larry K. , Fernando Harindra J. S. , Grimit Eric P. , Krishnamurthy Raghavendra , Lundquist Julie K. , Muradyan Paytsar , Pekour Mikhail , Pichugina Yelena , Stoelinga Mark T. , Turner David D. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract. During the second Wind Forecast Improvement Project
(WFIP2; October 2015–March 2017, held in the Columbia River Gorge and Basin
area of eastern Washington and Oregon states), several improvements to the
parameterizations used in the High Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR – 3 km
horizontal grid spacing) and the High Resolution Rapid Refresh Nest
(HRRRNEST – 750 m horizontal grid spacing) numerical weather prediction
(NWP) models were tested during four 6-week reforecast periods (one for each
season). For these tests the models were run in control (CNT) and
experimental (EXP) configurations, with the EXP configuration including all
the improved parameterizations. The impacts of the experimental
parameterizations on the forecast of 80 m wind speeds (wind turbine hub
height) from the HRRR and HRRRNEST models are assessed, using observations
collected by 19 sodars and three profiling lidars for comparison. Improvements
due to the experimental physics (EXP vs. CNT runs) and those due to finer
horizontal grid spacing (HRRRNEST vs. HRRR) and the combination of the two
are compared, using standard bulk statistics such as mean absolute error
(MAE) and mean bias error (bias). On average, the HRRR 80 m wind speed MAE
is reduced by 3 %–4 % due to the experimental physics. The impact of the
finer horizontal grid spacing in the CNT runs also shows a positive
improvement of 5 % on MAE, which is particularly large at nighttime and
during the morning transition. Lastly, the combined impact of the
experimental physics and finer horizontal grid spacing produces larger
improvements in the 80 m wind speed MAE, up to 7 %–8 %. The improvements are
evaluated as a function of the model's initialization time, forecast
horizon, time of the day, season of the year, site elevation, and
meteorological phenomena. Causes of model weaknesses are identified.
Finally, bias correction methods are applied to the 80 m wind speed model
outputs to measure their impact on the improvements due to the removal of
the systematic component of the errors.
Dispositions and characterizing sentences
Authors: Boneh Nora 
Published: November 2019

The aim of this study is to delineate how the dispositional reading patterns and interacts with other readings stemming from characterizing sentences (Krifka et al. 1995). It is claimed that dispositionals are indistinct from simple habituals, as opposed to restricted ones, and that there seem to be no linguistic arguments to favor an analysis attributing an existential quantificational force to dispositions in characterizing sentences. At the same time, it is argued that dispositionals in simple characterizing sentences cannot be readily subsumed under the standard generic operator GEN, rather these readings are due to DISP, a stativizing dispositional VP-level operator necessarily involving event plurality. The picture that emerges argues in favor of the line of thought promoted in Boneh &amp; Doron (2010; 2013), whereby habituality is reducible to other existing categories: to genericity in restricted characterizing sentences and to dispositions in simple ones.
“NEGUINHO E KIKA”: (RE)SIGNIFICAÇÕES AUDIVISUAIS
Authors: Silva Milena Regina da , Andrade Letícia De , Gomes Allan Henrique 
Published: November 2019

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa que teve como objetivo a análise de um filme de curta metragem Neguinho e Kika. O filme conta a história de Neguinho, um jovem trabalhador do tráfico de drogas, que vive um amor em meio aos dramas da vida. Para pensar o filme e as relações estéticas a partir da obra, tomamos como interlocutor o filósofo Jacques Rancière. A análise foi orientada pelo paradigma indiciário, método de investigação que se atenta aos detalhes das narrativas, cenários e atuações. As cenas escolhidas para análise têm em comum a presença de instituições que, de certa maneira, (des)ordenam a vida na comunidade: o estado, a família e o tráfico. Compreendemos, a partir de nossa análise, que o filme mostra sua potência nas relações que estabelece, além do que é visível e dizível, no fazer sentir e pensar para além do que o autor nos apresenta.
Desmitificación y revalorización de la libertad a través de Girard y Morin
Authors: Moreno Fernández Agustín 
Published: November 2019

Resumen: La idea de libertad es fundamental en la Ilustración y en las democracias y hemos de seguir repensándola. La heteronomía mimética y la disolución del sujeto niegan aparentemente la libertad y la autonomía subjetivas en la teoría mimética girardiana. Sin embargo, se demuestra cómo Girard no sólo desmitifica la libertad moderna sino que al enfatizar la dificultad de su ejercicio la revaloriza e invita a la responsabilidad. Proponemos el paradigma de la complejidad de Morin para completar la visión girardiana de la libertad. De este trabajo se concluye que es posible y necesario conciliar: mimetismo humano y emancipación; heteronomía y autonomía; dependencia y libertad; enfoques filosófico, humanístico, científico e interdisciplinar. Abstract: The idea of Freedom is fundamental in Enlightenment and in democracies and we have to rethink it. The mimetic heteronomy and the dissolution of the subject apparently deny subjective freedom and autonomy in mimetic theory. Nevertheless, we can observe René Girard not only demystifies modern freedom but when he underlines the difficulty for practicing it, he increases its value and invites responsibility. We propose Morin's complexity paradigm for completing the girardian approach about freedom. It is possible to combine: human mimetism and emancipation; heteronomy and autonomy; dependence and freedom; philosophical, humanistic, scientific and interdisciplinary approaches.
Plano Bonecos: produção e uso de formas animadas dentro de um grupo com diversidade intelectual
Authors: Oliveira Eduardo Andrade 
Published: November 2019

O artigo relata a vivência com um grupo de alunos especiais, ao qual o tea- tro de bonecos/formas animadas foi apresentado como ferramenta facilitadora para o desenvolvimento de habilidades nos eixos de observação: fala, motora, cognição e expressão, e destaca a experiência de um aluno que participou desses encontros. Sou designer, bonequeiro e educador, e no curso Arte, Educação e Inclusão com Orientação Universitária atuei como professor vinculado à CCE PUC-Rio (2017). O Design como campo interdisciplinar e o Teatro de Bonecos como mediador e facilitador da comuni- cação apresentam metodologias que potencializam o desenvolvimento de pessoas com diversidade intelectual. Essa vivência promove um brincar carregado de manifestações simbólicas, que pode oferecer caminhos de uso dessa mídia em grupos similares. Palavras-chave: Linguagem. Interação. Aprendizagem. Reaproveitamento. Bonecos. Deficiência/diversidade intelectual
Endoscopic Plantar Fascia Release versus Cryosurgery for the Treatment of Chronic Plantar Fasciitis: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Çatal Bilgehan , Bilge Ali , Ulusoy Ragıp Gökhan 
Published: November 2019

Background
In a prospective randomized study, we compared two different surgical techniques used in plantar fasciitis surgery.

Methods
Forty-eight patients diagnosed as having plantar fasciitis and treated for at least 6 months with no response to conservative modalities were included in this study. The patients were randomly assigned to receive endoscopic plantar fascia release (EPFR) or cryosurgery (CS). Patients were evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Scale (AOFAS-AHS) as a primary outcome measurement at baseline and 3 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. At the final follow-up visit, the Roles-Maudsley score was used to determine patient satisfaction.

Results
Five patients did not complete the 1-year follow-up examination (one in the EPFR group and four in the CS group). Thus, the study group included 43 patients. Although both groups showed significant improvement at the final evaluation, the patients in the EPFR group had significantly better AOFAS-AHS scores at 3 months. The success rate (Roles-Maudsley scores of excellent and good) in the EPFR group at 12 months was 87% and in the CS group was 65%.

Conclusions
Both EPFR and CS were associated with statistically significant improvements at 1-year follow-up. At 3-month follow-up, EPFR was associated with better results and a higher patient satisfaction rate compared with CS.
Action Potential: Ionic Mechanisms
Authors: Elmslie Keith S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The generation and propagation of the action potential require sodium influx via voltage‐dependent sodium channels that drive the upstroke of the action potential. This positive feedback cycle is terminated by sodium channel inactivation that shuts down the channel at depolarised membrane potentials. The reduced sodium influx along with increased potassium efflux permits rapid action potential repolarisation. The enhanced potassium efflux is mediated by the activity of both voltage‐dependent and voltage‐independent potassium channels. The recovery of sodium channels from inactivation and the closing of potassium channels following the action potential determine the refractory period, which is a period of increased action potential threshold. Thus, the kinetics of sodium and potassium channel gating determine not only the action potential shape and duration but also the threshold for action potential generation.

Key Concepts

Sodium influx via voltage‐dependent sodium channels depolarises the membrane to activate more sodium channels in a positive feedback mechanism that generates the ballistic rising phase of the action potential.

This positive feedback cycle is terminated by a separate gating process called inactivation, which shuts down sodium flux even though the membrane is still depolarised.

The reduction of sodium influx resulting from inactivation combined with potassium efflux from the cell via voltage‐dependent and/or voltage‐independent potassium channels drive the repolarisation phase of the action potential.

The voltage‐dependent potassium channels often remain active following the action potential (slow to close) to generate an afterhyperpolarization (AHP).

The AHP can speed sodium channel recovery from inactivation, which is faster at more hyperpolarised voltages, so that the channels are more rapidly reset to participate in generating the next action potential.

Action potential threshold is determined by the relative activity of sodium vs. potassium channels with an action potential being generated if the sodium influx is larger than the potassium efflux.

Insulating the axon with myelin increases the speed of action potential propagation by limiting action potential generation to small unmyelinated gaps called nodes of Ranvier.

High‐density clustering of sodium channels at the nodes of Ranvier ensures sufficient current is generated to exceed threshold at the next node so that the action potential is faithfully propagated along the axon.
Impact of Chemical Modification ontRNAFunction
Authors: Howell Nathan W , Jackman Jane E 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPost‐transcriptional tRNA modifications play a critical role in ensuring a high‐quality pool of tRNA for participation in cellular translation. Despite their importance, important questions remain about the impacts of individual tRNA modifications on tRNA structure and function. Similarly, biological consequences of the absence of tRNA modifications have begun to be characterised in detail only recently. tRNA modifications have important impacts on biology, ranging from important impacts on individual tRNA molecules, to powerful effects on cellular function, and finally important roles in human health and disease.Key ConceptstRNA modifications occur at high frequency and with great chemical diversity.tRNA modifications fine‐tune tRNA structure and function.Through their effects on individual tRNA molecules, the impacts of tRNA modifications propagate to the cellular and organismal levels.tRNA modifications can regulate translation and impact protein homeostasis.Lack of tRNA modifications has been implicated in human diseases, such as neurological disorders, glucose metabolic defects and cancer.
Surface Nonlinear Optics on Centrosymmetric Dirac Nodal‐Line Semimetal ZrSiS
Authors: Chi Shumeng , Liang Fei , Chen Hongxiang , Tian Wendong , Zhang Han , Yu Haohai , Wang Gang , Lin Zheshuai , Hu Jiangping , Zhang Huaijin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGapless surface states (SSs) are features of topological semimetals and are extensively observed. Nowadays, the emerging question is whether the SSs possess exotic and applicable properties. Here, associated with the symmetrical selection rule for nonlinear optical materials, the surface nonlinear optics on a centrosymmetric Dirac nodal‐line semimetal ZrSiS crystal is studied and it is found that the SSs bring record nonlinear susceptibilities. The unprecedented conversion efficiencies for second and third harmonic generations are 0.11‰ and 0.43‰, respectively, more than ten orders of magnitude larger than the typical surface second harmonic generation. This work discovers a new route toward studying the SSs for applications in nonlinear photonics.
Ambient Pressure Sublimation Technique Provides Polymorph‐Selective Perylene Nonlinear Optical Microcavities
Authors: Pradeep Vuppu Vinay , Mitetelo Nikolai , Annadhasan Mari , Popov Mikhail , Mamonov Evgeniy , Murzina Tatiana , Chandrasekar Rajadurai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHighly pure, organic, crystalline materials with nonlinear optical (NLO) properties are in great demand due to their potential to be utilized in miniaturized nanophotonic device applications. Perylene dye is one of the celebrated near‐direct bandgap NLO materials. It crystallizes in two distinctive polymorphic forms (square‐shaped, α, and rhombus‐shaped, β) emitting yellow and green fluorescence, respectively. However, selective access to any one of the polymorphic microcrystals possessing qualities such as smooth‐surface and mirror‐like light‐reflecting sharp edges is a challenging task. On the other hand, these qualities are indispensable for a microcrystal to operate as an optical cavity. Here, a cost‐effective and straightforward, yet promising sublimation technique to grow microscale perylene crystals with the above qualities in a polymorph‐selective manner at ambient pressure is presented. As a result, both polymorphic microcrystals act as whispering gallery mode (WGM) cavities in the linear and notably, NLO regime as well. In agreement with the experiments, finite difference time domain numerical calculations support the WGM‐cavity‐type and also reveal the intricate localization of electric‐field within these cavities. Further, the quadratic dependence of emission intensity as a function of laser power establishes the two‐photon absorption nature of the optical cavities pumped by infrared lasers.
A 50‐nm‐Sized Micellar Assembly of Thermoresponsive Polymer‐Antisense Oligonucleotide Conjugates for Enhanced Gene Knockdown in Lung Cancer by Intratracheal Administration
Authors: Kim Beob Soo , Osawa Shigehito , Naito Mitsuru , Ogura Satomi , Kamegawa Rimpei , Ishida Hiroki , Kim Hyun Jin , Uchida Satoshi , Miyata Kanjiro 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFor intratracheal delivery of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to lung cancer, a nano‐sized micellar assembly is fabricated from an ASO conjugate with thermoresponsive poly(2‐n‐propyl‐2‐oxazoline) (POX). POX‐ASO conjugate is prepared via a copper‐free click conjugation between azide‐terminal POX and dibenzocyclooctyne‐terminal ASO. Through the thermoresponsive transition of the POX segment from hydrophilic to hydrophobic at temperatures above a critical solution temperature, a 50‐nm‐sized micellar assembly with a narrow size distribution is successfully fabricated when the hydrophobicity of POX segment is strengthened by increasing the molecular weight to 30 kDa. The micellar assembly, termed “ASOball”, elicits more efficient cellular uptake of ASO and significantly higher gene knockdown, compared with non‐conjugated ASO, with negligible cytotoxicity in cultured human lung cancer cells. When the ASOballs are intratracheally administrated into an orthotopic lung cancer model mouse, they show enhanced retention in the tumor tissue 24 h post‐administration, compared with non‐conjugated ASO. Ultimately, the ASOballs significantly reduce the expression level of target long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) by ≈55% at a dose of 15 µg per mouse in a sequence‐specific manner 72 h post‐administration, whereas no significant knockdown effect is observed for non‐conjugated ASO. These results demonstrate the strong potential of ASOballs for intratracheal ASO delivery to lung cancers.
Scalable Fabrication of Efficient Perovskite Solar Modules on Flexible Glass Substrates
Authors: Dai Xuezeng , Deng Yehao , Van Brackle Charles H. , Chen Shangshang , Rudd Peter N. , Xiao Xun , Lin Yun , Chen Bo , Huang Jinsong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPerovskite materials are good candidates for flexible photovoltaic applications due to their strong absorption and low‐temperature processing, but efficient flexible perovskite modules have not yet been realized. Here, a record efficiency flexible perovskite solar module is demonstrated by blade coating high‐quality perovskite films on flexible Corning Willow Glass using additive engineering. Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) is added into the perovskite precursor solution to retard the nucleation which prevents voids formation at the interface of perovskite and glass. The addition of NH4Cl also suppresses the formation of PbI2 and reduces the trap density in the perovskite films. The implementation of NH4Cl enables the fabrication of single junction flexible perovskite solar devices with an efficiency of 19.72% on small‐area cells and a record aperture efficiency of 15.86% on modules with an area of 42.9 cm2. This work provides a simple way to scale up high‐efficiency flexible perovskite modules for various applications.
Group C+ particles: Efficiency augmentation of fluidized bed reactor through nano‐modulation
Authors: Zhou Yandaizi , Zhao Zhiwei , Zhu Jesse , Bao Xiaojun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGroup C+ particles, Group C particles after nano‐modulation, with extremely large specific surface area, have been shown to exhibit extraordinarily good fluidization quality with superiorly high bed expansion, significantly increasing gas holdup in the bed. As a first attempt, Group C+ particles were used as catalysts in a fluidized bed reactor (C‐plus FBR) to evaluate the reaction performance and were compared to that using Group A particles. C‐plus FBR could achieve a much higher reaction conversion, up to 235% of that using Group A particles. The contact efficiency for Group C+ particles is much higher, being 330% more than that for Group A particles. The greater contact efficiency is due to both larger specific surface area and higher bed expansion, providing larger gas–solid interfacial area and longer gas residence time. Conclusively, Group C+ particles with superior fluidization quality and reaction performance do have huge potential in gas‐phase catalytic reactions.
A Specific Blend of Drakolide and Hydroxymethylpyrazines: An Unusual Pollinator Sexual Attractant Used by the Endangered Orchid Drakaea micrantha
Authors: Bohman Björn , Tan Monica M. Y. , Phillips Ryan D. , Scaffidi Adrian , Sobolev Alexandre N. , Moggach Stephen A. , Flematti Gavin R. , Peakall Rod 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBioactive natural products underpin the intriguing pollination strategy used by sexually deceptive orchids. These compounds, which mimic the sex pheromones of the female insect, are emitted in particular blends to lure male insect pollinators of specific species. By combining methods from field biology, analytical chemistry, electrophysiology, crystallography, and organic synthesis, we report that an undescribed β‐hydroxylactone, in combination with two specific hydroxymethylpyrazines, act as pollinator attractants in the rare hammer orchid Drakaea micrantha. This discovery represents an unusual case of chemically unrelated compounds being used together as a sexual attractant. Furthermore, this is the first example of the identification of pollinator attractants in an endangered orchid, enabling the use of chemistry in orchid conservation. Our synthetic blend is now available to be used in pollinator surveys to locate suitable sites for plant conservation translocations.
An Unexpected Transannular [4+2] Cycloaddition during the Total Synthesis of (+)‐Norcembrene 5
Authors: Breunig Michael , Yuan Po , Gaich Tanja 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe report a concise and versatile total synthesis of the diterpenoid (+)‐norcembrene 5 from simple building blocks. Ring‐closing metathesis and an auxiliary‐directed 1,4‐addition are the key steps of our synthetic route. During the synthesis, an unprecedented, highly oxidized pentacyclic structural motif was established from a furanocembranoid through transannular [4+2] cycloaddition.