bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of intravenous remifentanil patient-controlled analgesia with combined spinal-epidural analgesia in multiparous women: a prospective observational study
Authors: Pintaric Tatjana Stopar , Zagar Tea , Semrl Neli , Umek Nejc , Lucovnik Miha , Velde Marc Van de , Blajic Iva 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) proved useful in multiparous women on account of faster onset and better analgesia in the first 30 minutes compared to standard epidural analgesia. Remifentanil has a suitable pharmacological profile for labour analgesia. Fast set up, onset, and limited time efficacy may render it useful in multiparous women with a faster labour progression.Methods The prospective observational study was performed in multiparous women in their active phase of the first stage labour after their informed choice of either RPCA (n=80) or CSEA (n=82). The primary outcome was pain-relief assessed on a 11-point numerical rating scale. The secondary outcomes were with pain-relief satisfaction, adverse effects, labour progress and labour outcomes.Results CSEA provided significantly lower pain scores and a higher satisfaction rate compared to RPCA [3.9 (0.36) vs 2.6 (1.1), P<0.001]. Likewise, more patients from the CSEA group would choose the same technique for the next labour CSEA; 77 (95%) vs. RPCA; 65 (81%), P=0.003. No difference between the groups was observed in recommending the respective technique to others CSEA; 77 (95%) vs. RPCA; 72 (90%), P=0.118. No crossovers were observed in either group. RPCA was associated with desaturation, bradypnea and apnoea in 27 (34%), 17 (21%) and 20 (25%) respective cases. All recovered spontaneously upon verbal or tactile stimulation. No clinically important differences were noted in sedation level, labour progress and labour outcomes between the groups.Conclusions This prospective observational study has shown that despite inferior pain relief and satisfaction, the remifentanil acceptance in multiparous women was still high as the vast majority of them graded their satisfaction rate as high/very high. That can be attributed to the facts that women with previewed shorter labour were more likely to choose a less invasive opioid analgesic option which provides an element of personal control. Thus, given no difference in labour outcomes, remifentanil could be routinely offered to parous women as a labour analgesic option, provided rigorous adherence to the protocols and continuous supervision by midwifes are ensured. Trial registration The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on November 15, 2016 (ID NCT02963337)
Design of a Modular Beam Control System for Vehicles
Authors: Chhirolya Vasu , Sachdeva Parv , Gudipalli Abhishek 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
High intensity beams enable the drivers to survey a large portion of the road ahead of them at night. These beams are meant for use when there aren’t many vehicles around. However, a lot of drivers make use of these beams while driving because of the convenience of having a larger field of view. These beams often result in momentary partial blindness for drivers in the oncoming lane, causing them to become floundered. In such a state, they tend to lose control and cause accidents. In this paper, we propose a novel method to curb such happenings by automating the high beam and low beam settings of a vehicle. For the purpose of this study, we used a custom prototype, which is also discussed in detail. The solution we propose, if developed into a product, would be available as an add-on module, and if implemented appropriately, will reduce the accidents due to headlight glare by an exponential factor.
Treatment of folic acid wastewater by 3D Fe-N-TiO2/AC photoelectrocatalysis system
Authors: Zhou Junwo , Zhou Zhen , Gao Yong , Li Tingting , Zhang Manying , Fu Xiaofei , Liu Fang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this work, particles of activated carbon supported by Fe-N-TiO2 (Fe-N-TiO2/AC) were synthesized and used as the three-dimensional (3D) particle electrode for folic acid wastewater treatment in the 3D electrolysis and photocatalysis coupling process. The structure, morphology, and physical and electrochemical properties of the Fe-N-TiO2/AC particles were characterized, and the results showed that Fe-N-TiO2 was bound on the surface of AC particles by chemical attachment, and the Fe-N-TiO2/AC particles had better capability of adsorption and charge transfer as compared with the TiO2/AC particles. The effects of key operating parameters in the reaction process, including the current density (optimum 0.6 mA/cm2), aeration (optimum 5 L/min), pH value (optimum 5) and the ratio of Fe-N-TiO2/AC particles to cellulose acetate film coating AC particles (optimum 4:1), were optimized regarding the total oxygen carbon (TOC) removal. Under the optimum conditions, TOC removal from folic acid wastewater reached 82.4% during 120 min photoelectrocatalysis. The kinetic analysis and mechanism study showed that the degradation process fitted to the second-order kinetic model better than to the first-order, and the system exhibited synergistic effects in inhibiting photogenic electron–hole recombination and improving electrolytic efficiency. At the same time, this system has the ability to overcome the interference of the strong ionic strength in folic acid wastewater.
Computer-aided Drug Design Investigations for Benzothiazinone Derivatives Against Tuberculosis
Authors: Viana Jéssika O. , Scotti Marcus T. , Scotti Luciana 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) is an infectious bacterial disease with
the highest levels of mortality worldwide, presenting numerous cases of resistance. In silico studies, which
elaborate chemical and biological models in computational tools and make it possible to interpret
molecular characteristics, are among the methods used in the search for new drugs.

Objective:
In this perspective, our aim was to use QSAR and molecular modeling to propose possible
pharmacophores from benzothiazinone derivatives.

Methods:
In this study, a set of 69 benzothiazinone derivatives, together with computational tools such as
molecular descriptor analysis in chemometrics, metabolic prediction, and molecular coupling to 4
proteins: DprE1, InhA, PS, and DHFR important for the bacillus were investigated.

Results:
The chemometric model computed in the Volsurf+ program presented good predictive values for
both amphiphilicity and molecular volume. These are essential for biological activity. Metabolites from
the cytochrome isoforms CYP3A4 and 2D6 interactions revealed coupling divergences which, noting that
the metabolites did not present changes to the QSAR proposed pharmacophore structures, may be due to
the reaction medium and existing differences in the benzothiazinone structures. Similarly, molecular
docking with the four TB enzymes presented good interactions for the more active compounds. The
fragments found using QSAR (being essential for biological activity) also presented as being essential for
ligand-protein site interactions.

Conclusion:
From the benzothiazinone derivative series evaluated, compound 11026134 presented the
best profile in all study analyses, noting that the trifluoromethyl, nitro group, and piperazine fragment with
aliphatic hydrocarbon groups are likely pharmacophores for the benzothiazinones studied.
The Relationship of Mother's Spiritual Well-being and Forgiveness with Mother-to-infant Attachment in Women Referring to Maternity Hospital Affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Dehestani Hanieh , Moshfeghy Zeinab , Ghodrati Fatemeh 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The mental health of the mother has a great influence on the health of her
fetus.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mother's spiritual
well-being and forgiveness with maternal-fetal attachment (MFA).

Methods:
This is a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. A sample of 200 female participants
was selected by applying a simple sampling method among the mothers hospitalized in 3 clinics
during the period of 2017-2018. The Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual Health and Pollard & Anderson
Forgiveness Questionnaires were used toassess the correlation between the spiritual health and
forgiveness of the mother with MFA.

Results:
The relationship between attachment parameters including sentimental and emotional behaviors
(r = 0.365, p = 0.0001), near-proximity-keeping behaviors (r = 0.261, p = 0.002), care behaviors
(r = 0.339, p = 0.0001), mother’s attention to baby (r = 0.19, p = 0.026), versus all attachment
behaviors (r = 0.349, p = 0.0001) and high level of spiritual well-being was significant,
whereas the relationship between the mother’s forgiveness score and all the attachment components
was not meaningful. However, the high level of forgiveness score was significant with all of the
attachment components (p<0.0001).

Conclusion:
There was a significant relationship between the mother’s mental health and forgiveness
and the attachment versus its components. It is recommended that in order to reduce the stress
level and promotion of MFA, training courses for spiritual programs and mechanisms for the creation
of forgiveness should be scheduled in the pregnancy plans.
Combined High Throughput Screening with QSAR Analysis Unravelling Potential Glyoxalase-I Inhibitors
Authors: Al-Sha’er Mahmoud A. , Al-Balas Qosay A. , Hassan Mohammad A. 
Published: January 2020

Aims:
Discovery of new Glo-I inhibitors as potential anticancer agents.

Background:
Glyoxalase system is ubiquitous system in human cells which has been examined
thoroughly for its role in cancerous diseases. It performs detoxifying endogenous harmful metabolites,
mainly methylglyoxal (MG) into non-toxic bystanders.

Objective:
Structure based model Hypo(2ZA0_2_02) combined with 3D-QSAR modeling were
applied to predict glyoxalase I inhibition and to explain their activity.

Methods:
Currently, high throughput screening approach was used to investigate the activity of inhouse
database composed of 205 compounds.

Result:
15 compounds were found active as glyoxalase I inhibitors. The 15 candidates showed
more than 50% inhibition with low micromolar IC50 ranges between 5.0 to 42.0 μM.

Conclusion:
They have been successfully mapped and fitted the Hypo(2ZA0_2_02) model which
explain the presence of anti-glyoxalase I activity.
This model could be used in future for further development of new and novel glyoxylase I inhibitors.
Screening of SLE-susceptible SNPs in One Chinese Family with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Luo Juan , Meng Yanming , Zhai Jianzhao , Zhu Ying , Li Yizhou , Wu Yongkang 
Published: January 2020

Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease, which mainly affects childbearing-aged women. Although its pathogenesis is not fully clear yet, studies have shown that genetic factors are vital in exploring SLE pathogenic mechanisms.Objective:The purpose of this study is to predict and screen potential pathogenic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). By comparing the genomes of members of a family with SLE and performing functional analysis on mutation loci, possible pathogenic polymorphisms are screened. These analyses lay the foundation for further research mechanisms.Method:Genomic alignment, variant calling and functional annotation were performed and then ~92,778 original SNPs were obtained for each specimen. We found that the patient/healthyspecific SNPs show different conservative score distribution. Many patient-specific SNPs were detected in SLE-related pathways. We therefore investigated the patient-specific SNPs from four diverse perspectives, including nonsynonymous variations in exon regions, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), RNA binding sites and RNA-binding protein (RBP) binding sites.Results:18 potential pathogenic SNPs were identified in SLE risk genes, which were associated with functional loci. Systematic literature study was then performed to verify these potential pathogenic SNPs.Conclusion:This study could help to better explain possible genetic mechanisms of SLE from the perspective of variation. It could provide effective strategy for the accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment of SLE patients.
Therapeutic Potentials and Mechanisms of Artemisinin and its Derivatives for Tumorigenesis and Metastasis
Authors: Li Yue , Zhou Xiaoyan , Liu Jiali , Yuan Xiaohong , He Qian 
Published: January 2020

Background:Tumor recurrence and metastasis are still leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. The influence of traditional treatment strategies against metastatic tumors may still be limited. To search for novel and powerful agents against tumors has become a major research focus. In this study, Artemisinin (ARM), a natural compound isolated from herbs, Artemisia annua L., proceeding from drug repurposing methods, attracts more attention due to its good efficacy and tolerance in antimalarial practices, as well as newly confirmed anticancer activity.Methods:We have searched and reviewed the literatures about ARM and its derivatives (ARMs) for cancer using keywords "artemisinin" until May 2019.Results:In preclinical studies, ARMs can induce cell cycle arrest and cell death by apoptosis etc., to inhibit the progression of tumors, and suppress EMT and angiogenesis to inhibit the metastasis of tumors. Notably, the complex relationships of ARMs and autophagy are worth exploring. Inspired by the limitations of its antimalarial applications and the mechanical studies of artemisinin and cancer, people are also committed to develop safer and more potent ARM-based modified compounds (ARMs) or combination therapy, such as artemisinin dimers/ trimers, artemisinin-derived hybrids. Some clinical trials support artemisinins as promising candidates for cancer therapy.Conclusion:ARMs show potent therapeutic potentials against carcinoma including metastatic tumors. Novel compounds derived from artemisinin and relevant combination therapies are supposed to be promising treatment strategies for tumors, as the important future research directions.
Stingless Bee Honey Reduces Anxiety and Improves Memory of the Metabolic Disease-induced Rats
Authors: Arshad Nurul ‘Ain , Lin Teoh Seong , Yahaya Mohamad Fairuz 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Scientific studies support the evidence of the involvement of Metabolic Syndrome
(MetS) in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases through oxidative stress. Consumption
of antioxidant compounds was found to be beneficial for brain-health as it reduced the brain oxidative
stress level and improved cognitive performance in animals. Stingless bee honey or locally known as
Kelulut Honey (KH) has high phenolic content and is widely used as a food supplement.

Objectives:
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of KH on the brain of MetS-induced rats.

Methods:
Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups; 8 weeks (C8) and 16 weeks control
groups (C16), groups that received High-Carbohydrate High Fructose (HCHF) diet for 8 weeks (MS8)
and 16 weeks (MS16), and a group that received HCHF for 16 weeks with KH supplemented for the
last 35 days (KH).

Results:
Serum fasting blood glucose decreased in the KH group compared to the MS16 group. HDL
levels were significantly decreased in MetS groups compared to control groups. Open field experiments
showed that KH group exhibits less anxious behavior compared to the MetS group. Probe trial
of Morris water maze demonstrated significant memory retention of KH group compared to the MS16
group. Nissl staining showed a significant decrease in the pyramidal hippocampal cells in the MS16
compared to the KH group.

Conclusion:
KH has the ability to normalise blood glucose and reduce serum triglyceride and LDL
levels in MetS rats, while behavior studies complement its effect on anxiety and memory. This shows
a promising role of KH in attenuating neurodegenerative diseases through the antioxidant activity of
its polyphenolic content.
BDNF-TrkB and proBDNF-p75NTR/Sortilin Signaling Pathways are Involved in Mitochondria-Mediated Neuronal Apoptosis in Dorsal Root Ganglia after Sciatic Nerve Transection
Authors: Wang Xianbin , Ma Wei , Wang Tongtong , Yang Jinwei , Wu Zhen , Liu Kuangpin , Dai Yunfei , Zang Chenghao , Liu Wei , Liu Jie , Liang Yu , Guo Jianhui , Li Liyan 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) plays critical roles during development
of the central and peripheral nervous systems, as well as in neuronal survival after injury.
Although proBDNF induces neuronal apoptosis after injury in vivo, whether it can also act as a death
factor in vitro and in vivo under physiological conditions and after nerve injury, as well as its mechanism
of inducing apoptosis, is still unclear.

Objective:
In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which proBDNF causes apoptosis in sensory
neurons and Satellite Glial Cells (SGCs) in Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) After Sciatic Nerve
Transection (SNT).

Methods:
SGCs cultures were prepared and a scratch model was established to analyze the role of
proBDNF in sensory neurons and SGCs in DRG following SNT. Following treatment with proBDNF
antiserum, TUNEL and immunohistochemistry staining were used to detect the expression of Glial
Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in DRG tissue; immunocytochemistry
and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay were used to detect GFAP expression and
cell viability of SGCs, respectively. RT-qPCR, western blot, and ELISA were used to measure mRNA
and protein levels, respectively, of key factors in BDNF-TrkB, proBDNF-p75NTR/sortilin, and apoptosis
signaling pathways.

Results:
proBDNF induced mitochondrial apoptosis of SGCs and neurons by modulating BDNF-TrkB
and proBDNF-p75NTR/sortilin signaling pathways. In addition, neuroprotection was achieved by inhibiting
the biological activity of endogenous proBDNF protein by injection of anti-proBDNF serum. Furthermore,
the anti-proBDNF serum inhibited the activation of SGCs and promoted their proliferation.

Conclusion:
proBDNF induced apoptosis in SGCs and sensory neurons in DRG following SNT. The
proBDNF signaling pathway is a potential novel therapeutic target for reducing sensory neuron and
SGCs loss following peripheral nerve injury.
Urban Temperature Profiles and Land Cover Detection in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area using Remote Sensing
Authors: Widyasamratri Hasti , Souma Kazuyoshi , Suetsugi Tadashi 
Published: January 2020

This research aim to investigate the urban thermal environment profile and land cover classification in the Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) in 1989 and 2013. Thermal environment conducted by installing fix point ground measurement of air temperature and land surface temperature. The land cover classification was carried out by using Landsat TM 5 and Landsat 7 ETM+ data sets. The diurnal variation of air temperature shows that Urban Heat Island (UHI) was occurring in urban and suburban JMA, which can be seen the slower cooling period in the urban area than suburban areas. Positive correlation between air temperature (Ta) and land surface temperature (Ts) on the brush (r2 = 0.78) and the asphalt surface (r2= 0.88) is clearly shown during the study. The rapid urbanization was detected during 1989 to 2013 where the urban sprawl is spread over to the whole area of JMA. Urban built up is the dominant of high increase due to years, while vegetation is decreasing.
Some notes on the pedagogical value of historical pathological science examples from Chemistry and Physics, and related sciences
Authors: Rodrigues Sérgio Paulo Jorge 
Published: January 2020

ResumoOs dados biográficos sobre cientistas, e em particular de químicos e físicos, podem ser usados como elemento motivador dos estudantes e público assim como um instrumento humanizador da ciência e demonstrativo da forma como esta funciona na prática. A dimensão humana da ciência emerge naturalmente da análise de apontamentos biográficos que enfatizem os dilemas e os sucessos e fracassos dos cientistas. Os episódios históricos e as atitudes e acções dos cientistas mostram como funciona a ciência e dão aos estudantes e público a possibilidade de reflectirem sobre a ciência e a sua humanidade, assim como de desenvolverem a capacidade de desconfiar do anacronismo, da pseudo-ciência, da ciência patológica e da fraude científica, para melhor apreciarem e entenderem o desenvolvimento da ciência. Começando com uma breve revisão dos sintomas e critérios propostos na literatura para distinguir desvios anormais, neste trabalho são analisados alguns casos de produção de ciência patológica nos campos da química e da física, procurando, a partir destes, evidenciar caminhos pedagógicos que fomentem o espírito crítico dos estudantes e do público. Palavras-chave: Biografias de cientistas, estratégias pedagógicas, humanidade da ciência, pseudo-ciência, ciência patológica. Abstract Biographical data about scientists, and in particular about chemists and physicists, can be used for engaging students and the public, humanizing the science image, and for demonstrating how it works in the practice. The human dimension of science emerges naturally from the analysis of biographical aspects that emphasize the dilemmas and the successes and failures of scientists. The historical episodes and the attitudes and actions of scientists show how science works and offer students and public the opportunity to reflect about science and its humanity, as well as to develop the capacity to distrust anachronism, pseudo-science, pathological science, and scientific fraud in order to better appreciate and understand the action and development of science. Starting with a brief review of the symptoms and criteria proposed in the literature to distinguish deviations from normal science, this work analyzes some cases of production of pathological science, focusing on chemistry and physics, seeking pedagogical paths that foster the critical spirit of students and the public.Keywords: Biographies of scientists, pedagogical strategies, the humanity of science, pseudo-science, pathological science.