bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STAB: a spatio-temporal cell atlas of the human brain
Authors: Song Liting , Pan Shaojun , Zhang Zichao , Jia Longhao , Chen Wei-Hua , Zhao Xing-Ming 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The human brain is the most complex organ consisting of billions of neuronal and non-neuronal cells that are organized into distinct anatomical and functional regions. Elucidating the cellular and transcriptome architecture underlying the brain is crucial for understanding brain functions and brain disorders. Thanks to the single-cell RNA sequencing technologies, it is becoming possible to dissect the cellular compositions of the brain. Although great effort has been made to explore the transcriptome architecture of the human brain, a comprehensive database with dynamic cellular compositions and molecular characteristics of the human brain during the lifespan is still not available. Here, we present STAB (a Spatio-Temporal cell Atlas of the human Brain), a database consists of single-cell transcriptomes across multiple brain regions and developmental periods. Right now, STAB contains single-cell gene expression profiling of 42 cell subtypes across 20 brain regions and 11 developmental periods. With STAB, the landscape of cell types and their regional heterogeneity and temporal dynamics across the human brain can be clearly seen, which can help to understand both the development of the normal human brain and the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. STAB is available at http://stab.comp-sysbio.org.
How Information about Inequality Impacts Belief in Meritocracy: Evidence from a Randomized Survey Experiment in Australia, Indonesia and Mexico
Authors: Mijs Jonathan J B , Hoy Christopher 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMost people misperceive economic inequality. Learning about actual levels of inequality and social mobility, research suggests, heightens concerns but may push people’s policy preferences in any number of directions. This mixed empirical record, we argue, reflects the omission of a more fundamental question: under what conditions do people change their understanding of the meritocratic or non-meritocratic causes of inequality? To explore mechanisms of belief change we field a unique randomized survey experiment with representative populations in Australia, Indonesia, and Mexico—societies with varying levels of popular beliefs about economic inequality. Our results highlight the importance of information, perceived social position, and self-interest. In Indonesia, information describing (high) income inequality and (low) social mobility rocked our participants’ belief in meritocracy. The same information made less of a splash in Mexico, where unequal outcomes are commonly understood as the result of corruption and other non-meritocratic processes. In Australia, the impact of our informational treatment was strongest when it provided justification for people’s income position or when it corrected their perception of relative affluence. Our findings reveal asymmetric beliefs about poverty and wealth and heterogeneous responses to information. They are a call to rethink effective informational and policy interventions.
A rat model of orthopedic injury-induced hypercoagulability and fibrinolytic shutdown
Authors: Carter Kristen T. , Palei Ana C. , Spradley Frank T. , Witcher Brycen M. , Martin Larry , Hester Robert L. , Kutcher Matthew E. 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND
Postinjury hypercoagulability occurs in >25% of injured patients, increasing risk of thromboembolic complications despite chemoprophylaxis. However, few clinically relevant animal models of posttraumatic hypercoagulability exist. We aimed to evaluate a rodent model of bilateral hindlimb injury as a preclinical model of postinjury hypercoagulability.

METHODS
Forty Wistar rats were anesthetized with isoflurane: 20 underwent bilateral hindlimb fibula fracture, soft tissue and muscular crush injury, and bone homogenate injection intended to mimic the physiological severity of bilateral femur fracture. Twenty sham rats underwent anesthesia only. Terminal citrated blood samples were drawn at 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours (n = 5 per timed group) for analysis by native thromboelastography in the presence and absence of taurocholic acid to augment fibrinolysis. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and α-2 antiplasmin levels in plasma were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTS
Injured rats became hypercoagulable relative to baseline by 6 hours based on thromboelastography maximal amplitude (MA) and G (p < 0.005); sham rats became hypercoagulable to a lesser degree by 24 hours (p < 0.005). Compared with sham animals, injured rats were hypercoagulable by MA and G within 6 hours of injury, remained hypercoagulable by MA and G through at least 24 hours (all p < 0.01), and showed impaired fibrinolysis by taurocholic acid LY30 at 12 hours (p = 0.019) and native LY30 at 24 hours (p = 0.045). In terms of antifibrinolytic mediators, α-2 antiplasmin was elevated in trauma animals at 24 hours (p = 0.009), and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 was elevated in trauma animals at 6 hours (p = 0.004) and 12 hours (p < 0.001) when compared with sham.

CONCLUSIONS
Orthopedic injury in rodents induced platelet and overall hypercoagulability within 6 hours and fibrinolytic impairment by 12 to 24 hours, mimicking postinjury hypercoagulability in injured patients. This rodent model of orthopedic injury may serve as a preclinical testing ground for potential therapies to mitigate hypercoagulability, maintain normal fibrinolysis, and prevent thromboembolic complications.
EEG Monitoring After Convulsive Status Epilepticus
Authors: Fung France W. , Abend Nicholas S. 
Published: September 2020

Summary:
After convulsive status epilepticus, patients of all ages may have ongoing EEG seizures identified by continuous EEG monitoring. Furthermore, high EEG seizure exposure has been associated with unfavorable neurobehavioral outcomes. Thus, recent guidelines and consensus statements recommend many patients with persisting altered mental status after convulsive status epilepticus undergo continuous EEG monitoring. This review summarizes the available epidemiologic data and related recommendations provided by recent guidelines and consensus statements.
A hospital-wide response to multiple outbreaks of COVID-19 in Health Care Workers Lessons learned from the field
Authors: Buising Kirsty , Williamson Deborah , Cowie Benjamin , MacLachlan Jennifer , Orr Liz , MacIsaac Chris , Williams Eloise , Bond Katherine , Muhi Stephen , McCarthy James , Maier Andrea B. , Irving Louis , Heinjus Denise , Kelly Cate , Marshall Caroline 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe COVID-19 infections amongst healthcare workers at the Royal Melbourne Hospital from 1st July to 31st August 2020DesignProspective observational studySettingA 550 bed tertiary referral hospital in metropolitan MelbourneParticipantsAll healthcare workers identified with COVID-19 infection in the period of interestResults262 healthcare worker infections were identified over 9 weeks. 68.3% of infected healthcare workers were nurses and the most affected locations were the geriatric and rehabilitation wards. Clusters of infection occurred in staff working in wards with patients known to have COVID-19 infection. Staff infections peaked when COVID-19 infected inpatient numbers were highest, and density of patients and certain patient behaviours were noted by staff to be linked to possible transmission events. Three small outbreaks on other wards occurred but all were recognised and brought under control. Availability of rapid turn-around staff testing, and regular review of local data and obtaining feedback from staff helped identify useful interventions which were iteratively implemented. Attention to staff wellbeing was critical to the response and a comprehensive support service was implemented.Conclusion(s)A comprehensive multimodal approach to containment was instituted with iterative refinement based on frontline workers observations and ongoing analysis of local data in real time.The known: Healthcare workers are a group recognized to be at risk of acquisition of infection in the workplace during the current COVID-19 pandemicThe new: This describes the experience of the largest Australian outbreak to date of COVID- 19 infection amongst healthcare workers in a hospital environmentThe implications: This paper should assist healthcare services to prepare for surges in COVID-19 infection to help limit future transmissions to healthcare workers
Peripheral regulatory CD8+CD28−KLRG1+ T cells as markers of disease and treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Thompson Charlotte , Beatson Richard , Davies Ruth , Greenhill Claire , Jones Simon A. , Williams Anwen S. , Jones Gareth W. , Choy Ernest HS 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveCD3+CD8+CD28− cells are increased in the periphery and tissues of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The aim of this study was to characterise CD3+CD8+CD28− cells for the presence of cell surface receptors that regulate immune activation and function and to track their presence in a disease model of RA. Cell surface receptors expressed by CD3+CD8+CD28− cells were then related to serological and clinical disease parameters to establish whether these cells are prognostic of a clinical response to conventional DMARDs.MethodUsing healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC) cell surface expression of > 50 candidate markers were tested using flow cytometry and compared against CD28 expression. The prevalence of cells expressing the most suitable candidate was investigated in the collagen induced arthritis (CIA) and the antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) models. Fifty RA patients were recruited from University Hospital of Wales (UHW) rheumatology outpatient clinic. Clinical and serological markers of inflammation were noted, and PBMC were analysed using flow cytometry +/− in vitro stimulation.ResultsCD3+CD8+CD28− T cells express CD244, CD57, CX3CR1 and KLRG1. The strongest inverse correlate of CD28 expression was KLRG1. CD3+CD8+CD28−KLRG1+ cells were elevated in experimental models of RA. Notably, Il-10-deficiency was linked with exacerbated arthritis and an increase in the number of CD3+CD8+CD28−KLRG1+ cells, suggesting a regulatory role for Il-10 in their development or survival. In RA patients, CD3+CD8+CD28−KLRG1+ cells correlate with ACPA, RF and ESR, and produce more IL-10 than controls. Finally, these cells are higher in early arthritis patients that do not respond to treatment with synthetic DMARDs at six months.ConclusionKLRG1 is a marker for regulatory CD3+CD8+CD28− cells. The presence of CD3+CD8+CD28-KLRG1+ cells increases with certain measures of disease, and is indicative of poor treatment response to DMARDs in early arthritis.Key MessagesKLRG1 is a marker of CD28 negativity on CD8 T cellsCD3+CD8+CD28−KLRG1+ cells are increased in CIA mice and correlate with disease severity.CD3+CD8+CD28−KLRG1+ cells positively correlate with ESR / ACPA and RF in patients.CD3+CD8+CD28−KLRG1+ cells are increased in Il-10-deficient mice with inflammatory arthritis.CD3+CD8+CD28−KLRG1+ cells produce more Il-10 than CD3+CD8+CD28+KLRG1−cells in RA patients.CD3+CD8+CD28−KLRG1+ cells are higher in patients who do not respond to treatment with synthetic DMARDs after six months.
Shared meaning at the intersection of NPO reputation and trust: a personification perspective
Authors: Türkel Selin , Uzunoğlu Ebru , Misci Kip Sema 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to unearth common perceptions of non-profit organization (NPO) trust and reputation, with a specific focus in their overlaps and intersections. Examining the two concepts in tandem allows a more comprehensive approach offering new insights.Design/methodology/approachThis study is devoted to the analysis of the interplay of NPO trust and reputation combining semantic network analysis with a personification approach. The data are collected via semi-structured interviews with 482 individuals.FindingsThe present results reveal both common (e.g. charitable, credible) and unique (e.g. illuminating, nice) personality traits. Findings also demonstrate that reputation is a broader concept than trust, with more characteristics. Moreover, it is possible to state that NPOs deemed reputable have a 50% chance of being trusted.Research limitations/implicationsClearly delineating the relationship between the concepts of NPO trust and reputation has certain conceptual significance and practical value. As traits are grouped in the existing taxonomy categories based on the analysis, it could contribute to improving understanding of these constructs, as well as a modification in the existing classification.Practical implicationsThis study aims to assist NPO managers by providing a list of ideal traits for NPO reputation and trust. It can serve as a guide for managers to assess their own perceptions, for comparison with those of competitors.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this study is the first attempt to provide an interrelated perspective to the study of NPO trust and reputation through semantic network and personification approach.
Employment relations and perceived organizational performance: the moderating role of technological intensity
Authors: Harsh Harsh , Prasad Asha 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of the study is to examine the relationship of different dimensions of employment relation (ER) with perceived organizational performance. The study also attempts to analyze the role of technological intensity in determining the employment approaches adopted by the firm.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered through the survey method and in-depth personal interviews were conducted in Indian manufacturing firms based in the National Capital Region (NCR).FindingsThe findings confirm that all dimensions of employment relation have profound and significant relationship with perceived organizational performance. It also revealed that technology intensity of the industry determines the way people are managed in the organization.Originality/valueThe study has contributed to the existing body of knowledge by understanding the impact of unique framework of ER (industrial relations and HRM) on organizational performance. The study represents the one of the fewest attempts to measure technology intensity as moderating variable in ER & Performance.
Why is the Nepalese labor force so strong in a global context of decline? Shedding light on the unexplored characteristics of Nepalese labor relations
Authors: Tulachan Bojindra Prasad 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to shed light on the unexplored characteristics of labor relations in Nepal against the backdrop of social exchange theory as it relates to labor relations.Design/methodology/approachThe paper considers the psychological contract of promises and expectations from the social exchange theory on the ground in Nepal. To do so, the paper adopts an inductive method of investigation and reviews dispersed and unstructured archival data.FindingsIn terms of the psychological contract of promises and expectations, Nepalese workers and trade unions appear to have constituted a pressure group since they aligned themselves with Nepal's political parties. Consequently, the legal labor framework and behaviors of trade unions have produced highly politicized labor relations; very high and dense union memberships; vocal unions; a labor-supportive legal framework; union-influenced government and union-driven enterprise-level collective bargaining and collective dispute settlement.Originality/valueThe paper claims that although the system framework has flimsy prospects elsewhere in the world, it is strong in Nepal as a result of the recent Labor Act of 2017. For this very reason, the paper argues that Nepal's trade unions are in their sturdiest position ever and, therefore, that the country has evaded the crisis experienced in advanced and emerging economies in other parts of world. In theoretical terms, the article contributes from the social exchange theoretical perspective to the literature on the psychological contract of promises and expectations. It also has a bearing on emerging discourses and debates about the revitalization or reshaping of traditional industrial relations.
Transformative education: towards a relational, justice-oriented approach to sustainability
Authors: Walsh Zack , Böhme Jessica , Lavelle Brooke D. , Wamsler Christine 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to increase related knowledge across personal, social and ecological dimensions of sustainability and how it can be applied to support transformative learning.Design/methodology/approachThe paper provides a reflexive case study of the design, content and impact of a course on eco-justice that integrates relational learning with an equity and justice lens. The reflexive case study provides a critical, exploratory self-assessment, including interviews, group discussions and surveys with key stakeholders and course participants.FindingsThe results show how relational approaches can support transformative learning for sustainability and provide concrete practices, pathways and recommendations for curricula development that other universities/training institutions could follow or learn from.Originality/valueSustainability research, practice and education generally focuses on structural or systemic factors of transformation (e.g. technology, governance and policy) without due consideration as to how institutions and systems are shaping and shaped by the transformation of personal agency and subjectivity. This presents a vast untapped and under-studied potential for addressing deep leverage points for change by using a relational approach to link personal, societal and ecological transformations for sustainability.
Moderating effect of perceived lecturer support on academic self-efficacy and study engagement: evidence from a Ghanaian university
Authors: Azila-Gbettor Edem M. , Abiemo Martin K. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between academic self-efficacy, study engagement and perceived lecturer support within a higher education setup.Design/methodology/approachA convenience sample of 376 respondents from a technical university in Ghana took part in the study by completing self-reported questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and partial least square-based structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).FindingsFindings suggest academic self-efficacy and perceived lecturer support are positive and significant predictors of study engagement. In addition, perceived lecturer support was a significant moderator between academic self-efficacy and study engagement.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the first to have tested a model including academic self-efficacy, study engagement and perceived lecturer support in a technical university setup from a developing country perspective.
Longitudinal trajectories of perceived organizational support: a growth mixture analysis
Authors: Caesens Gaëtane , Morin Alexandre J.S. , Stinglhamber Florence 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis research aims to identify trajectories of employees' perceptions of organizational support (POS) over the course of an eight-month period and to document associations between these longitudinal trajectories and several outcomes related to employees' well-being (i.e. job satisfaction), attitudes (i.e. turnover intentions, affective commitment) and behaviors (i.e. voice behaviors).Design/methodology/approachPOS ratings provided each four months by a sample of 747 employees were analyzed using person-centered growth mixture analyses.FindingsResults revealed that longitudinal heterogeneity in POS trajectories was best captured by the identification of four distinct profiles of employees. Two of these profiles followed stable high (67.2%) and low (27.3%) POS trajectories, whereas the remaining profiles were characterized by increasing (2.2%) or decreasing (3.3%) POS trajectories. Our results showed that, by the end of the follow-up period, the most desirable outcome levels were associated, in order, with the increasing, high, low and decreasing trajectories.Practical implicationsThis research has important implications by showing that perceptions of organizational support fluctuate over time for some employees and help better predicting valuable work-related outcomes.Originality/valueThese findings shed a new perspective on organizational support theory by adopting a dynamic perspective, and revealing that changes over time in POS are more potent predictors of valuable work-related outcomes than stable POS levels.
Relationship of immediate workspace and environmental workplace with organizational citizenship behaviors
Authors: Carter Kameron M. , Harman David M. , Walter Sheryl L. , Gruca Thomas S. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship of immediate workspace satisfaction (IWS) and environmental workplace quality (EWQ) on perceived organizational support (POS), engagement and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). In this paper, we draw on social exchange theory and environmental psychology to propose IWS and EWQ as drivers of employee OCBs.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted with 1,206 full-time employees. The EWQ measure was assessed with a randomly selected calibration sample (n = 603). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the hypothesized model (n = 603).FindingsIWS and EWQ both are positively related to employees’ OCBs. For IWS, the effect was fully mediated by POS while POS and engagement partially mediated the EWQ–OCB relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe survey was conducted at one point in time and may introduce common method variance.Practical implicationsHigh-quality, satisfying workspace and workplace environments motivate employee OCBs through POS and work engagement.Originality/valueThis study introduces a scale for measuring EWQ. Empirical evidence provided to support the effects of two contextual perceptions—IWS and EWQ—on employee discretionary behaviors.
The effect of novelty on travel intention: the mediating effect of brand equity and travel motivation
Authors: Zhang Yucheng , Li Jing , Liu Chih-Hsing , Shen Yimo , Li Guiquan 
Published: September 2020

PurposeResearch on the relationship between novelty and travel intention is lacking. This study attempts to fill this gap by developing a theoretical model to explain how novelty influences travel intention through two mediating paths: brand equity and tourist motivation.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, data were collected from 466 foreign visitors to Taiwanese night markets. To test the model, the authors applied structural equation modeling (SEM) to identify the critical attributes that predicted foreign tourists' travel intentions.FindingsThe SEM analysis indicated that novelty in tourism management was related to brand equity and intrinsic motivation, which increased foreign tourists' travel intentions and offered advantages for highly competitive, high-density night markets in Taiwan. In addition, brand equity was an important mediator that connected novelty and tourists' travel intentions. Finally, novelty indirectly affected travel intention and intrinsic motivation through brand equity.Research limitations/implicationsThere may exist potential moderators in the relationships among the brand equity and travel intention categories. Future research studies could explore whether any moderators influence the relationship mechanisms examined in this study.Originality/valueThis research expands on previous research studies that have focused on the value of travel intention. Furthermore, the study uses brand equity theory (BET) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to examine the mediating effect of intrinsic motivation on the relationship between novelty and travel intention.