bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remembering the Dead and Reminding the Living: Blessing of the Corpse and Burial in Sixteenth-Century Sweden
Authors: Sundmark Stina Fallberg 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article shows how Swedish reformers – through the ordo for the blessing of the corpse and the funeral – introduced a new focus in relation to the medieval tradition: from the deceased to the living. The reformers rejected the medieval idea of purgatory and refused intercession and the celebration of Mass before funeral. Therefore, the relation between the living and the dead must have suffered and the living would no longer be reminded of those who departed to the same extent as before. Instead, according to the reformers, during the funeral service the living would be reminded of their own condition, their certain death and Christian hope. Sources from late sixteenth century which demonstrate prohibitions of certain customs emphasize that the Swedish Reformation did not mean a sudden break with earlier tradition and custom, but that it was a longue durée.
Alfonso de Castro on Vernacular Bible Translation and Christian Education
Authors: De Crom Dries 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Alfonso de Castro (1495–1558) is known as a staunch opponent of vernacular Bible translation, who intervened on the matter at the Council of Trent. This article offers a fresh appreciation of Castro’s polemics against vernacular bibles, in light of a less well-known treatise in which Castro defends the right of the indigenous Spanish colonial population to be educated in the liberal arts and theology. It is argued that at the root of Castro’s misgivings about Bible translation is a concern for preserving traditional education as a necessary prerequisite for biblical interpretation.
The virtue of imperfection. Gjorgji Pulevski’s Macedonian–Albanian–Turkish dictionary (1875) as a window into historical multilingualism in the Ottoman Balkans
Authors: Sonnenhauser Barbara 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEven though the Balkans constitute one of the most prominent examples of linguistic areas, little is known about the actual processes and mechanisms contributing to the shaping of this area. Most of the assumptions are based on macro-level analyses and describe the linguistic changes observed in terms of generalising tendencies such as increase in analytism or simplification of structures. In order to approach the processes underlying contact-driven change and area formation, however, the focus needs to be shifted to the micro-level, i. e. the individuals and their communicative practices. Among the rare sources allowing to assume this actor-centred perspective is Gjorgji Pulevski’s trilingual dictionary of Macedonian, Albanian and Turkish from 1875, which on the orthographic and morphological level allows for insight into a multilingual speaker’s perceptions the languages s/he is exposed to and makes use of in her/his every day communicative practice. The present paper discusses the structural parallels between Macedonian and Turkish observed in the dictionary. It illustrates in how far these parallels may contribute to our understanding of the specific kind of individual multilingualism that provided the basis for the morphosyntactic developments observed for the Balkan linguistic area, and may also help to shed light on the more general nature of these developments. It is suggested that these processes evince an increase in morphological transparency, i. e. morphem-to-function mapping, as the most salient and probably most effective outcome of largely imperfect multilingualism.
A novel diagnostic tool for the evaluation of hypothalamic-pituitary region and diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency: pons ratio
Authors: Demiral Meliha , Salih Karaca Mehmet , Unal Edip , Baysal Birsen , Taner Baran Rıza , Demirbilek Huseyin , Nuri Ozbek Mehmet 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Backgrounds
Limitations in the evaluation of the pituitary size and changes according to pubertal status make its validity questionable. Recently, in a small-scale study, pons ratio (PR) has been suggested as a more sensitive tool for diagnosis and etiological evaluation of growth hormone deficiency (GHD). The aim of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of PR in the diagnosis of GHD.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated the pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 133 patients with a diagnosis of GHD. Primary axis (PA) was assigned as a line crossing the mid-sagittal dorsum sella and fourth ventricle. PR was defined as the pons height above the PA divided by total pons height. The PR of patients with GHD was compared to subjects without GHD.

Results
Study included 133 patients with GHD and 47 controls. In total, 121 (91%) patients had isolated GHD and 12 (9%) patients had multiple pituitary hormone deficiency. The PR of the patient group (mean: 0.32 ± 0.89; range: 0.14–0.63) was significantly higher than controls (mean: 0.26 ± 0.067; range 0.19–0.44) (p: 0.000). The optimal cut-off value of PR for GHD diagnosis was 0.27 (sensitivity 71% specificity 56%). There was a negative correlation between anterior pituitary height (APH)-SDS and PR (p: 0.002; r: −0.27). APH was increased, but PR remained unchanged in pubertal patients (p: 0.089).

Conclusions
PR measurement is a noninvasive, practical method with a cost-benefit clinical value. As it is not affected by pubertal status, PR is potentially a more sensitive tool for evaluation of pituitary gland in GHD patients compared to APH.
Evaluation of the relationship between the one-hour plasma glucose concentration and beta-cell functions and cardiometabolic parameters during oral glucose tolerance test in obese children and adolescents
Authors: Mengen Eda , Uçaktürk Seyit Ahmet 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the 1-h plasma glucose (PG) level in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and conventional glycemic parameters, indices evaluating beta-cell functions, and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Methods
The records of 532 obese patients who were followed up in the Pediatric Endocrinology Polyclinic and who underwent standard OGTT were evaluated retrospectively. All patients were divided into two groups according to OGTT data as the 1-h plasma glucose concentration <155 mg/dL (n=329) and ≥155 mg/dL (n=203). Patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were divided into two groups according to the 1-h PG level, as 218 patients with NGT 1 h-low (<155 mg/dL) and 53 patients with high NGT 1 h-high (≥155 mg/dL).

Results
There was a statistically significant difference between the lipid profiles of individuals with NGT 1 h-low (<155 mg/dL) and individuals with NGT 1 h-high (≥155 mg/dL) (p<0.001). Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were higher, while HDL cholesterol levels were lower in individuals with NGT 1 h-high (≥155 mg/dL). The indices evaluating beta-cell functions were significantly higher in individuals with NGT 1 h-low (<155 mg/dL).

Conclusion
As a result, a plasma glucose concentration above or equal to 155 mg/dL at 1 h during an OGTT is associated with a worse clinical phenotype characterized by changes in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. Therefore, this threshold value can predict the progression of prediabetes in obese young people with NGT.
Group B streptococcal transmission rates as determined by PCR
Authors: Cicalese Erin , Lamousé-Smith Esi , Randis Tara M. , Ratner Adam J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundGroup BStreptococcus(GBS) is a common cause of neonatal sepsis. GBS colonization of the newborn gastrointestinal tract (GIT) may be a critical precursor for late-onset infection. Assessment of the rate of neonatal GBS intestinal colonization has generally relied upon culture-based methods. We used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture to determine the rate of GBS transmission to neonates. We hypothesized that PCR may enhance the detection of neonatal GBS colonization of the GIT, and that the rate will be higher when evaluated with PCR as compared to culture.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study, in which mothers who were positive for GBS on routine screening and their healthy infants were eligible for recruitment. Newborn stool was collected after 24 h of life and before hospital discharge, and stored at −80°C for culture and PCR targeting the GBS-specific surface immunogenic protein (sip) gene.ResultsA total of 94 mother-infant pairs were enrolled; of these pairs, stool was collected from 83 infants. Based on PCR, the overall GBS transmission rate was 3.6% (3/83). The transmission rate was 2.4% (1/41) among vaginal deliveries and 4.8% (2/42) among cesarean deliveries. The results of culture-based transmission detection were identical.ConclusionThese results indicate that the rate of GBS transmission is low and that detection may not be enhanced by PCR methods.
Modeling time loss from sports-related injuries using random effects models: an illustration using soccer-related injury observations
Authors: Chandran Avinash , DiPietro Loretta , Young Heather , Elmi Angelo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In assessments of sports-related injury severity, time loss (TL) is measured as a count of days lost to injury and analyzed using ordinal cut points. This approach ignores various athlete and event-specific factors that determine the severity of an injury. We present a conceptual framework for modeling this outcome using univariate random effects count or survival regression. Using a sample of US collegiate soccer-related injury observations, we fit random effects Poisson and Weibull Regression models to perform “severity-adjusted” evaluations of TL, and use our models to make inferences regarding the recovery process. Injury site, injury mechanism and injury history emerged as the strongest predictors in our sample. In comparing random and fixed effects models, we noted that the incorporation of the random effect attenuated associations between most observed covariates and TL, and model fit statistics revealed that the random effects models (AICPoisson = 51875.20; AICWeibull-AFT = 51113.00) improved model fit over the fixed effects models (AICPoisson = 160695.20; AICWeibull-AFT = 53179.00). Our analyses serve as a useful starting point for modeling how TL may actually occur when a player is injured, and suggest that random effects or frailty based approaches can help isolate the effect of potential determinants of TL.
Extracting NFL tracking data from images to evaluate quarterbacks and pass defenses
Authors: Mallepalle Sarah , Yurko Ronald , Pelechrinis Konstantinos , Ventura Samuel L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe NFL collects detailed tracking data capturing the location of all players and the ball during each play. Although the raw form of this data is not publicly available, the NFL releases a set of aggregated statistics via their Next Gen Stats (NGS) platform. They also provide charts showing the locations of pass attempts and outcomes for individual quarterbacks. Our work aims to partially close the gap between what data is available privately (to NFL teams) and publicly, and our contribution is two-fold. First, we introduce an image processing tool designed specifically for extracting the raw data from the NGS pass charts. We extract the pass outcome, coordinates, and other metadata. Second, we analyze the resulting dataset, examining the spatial tendencies and performances of individual quarterbacks and defenses. We use a generalized additive model for completion percentages by field location. We introduce a naive Bayes approach for estimating the 2-D completion percentage surfaces of individual teams and quarterbacks, and we provide a one-number summary, completion percentage above expectation (CPAE), for evaluating quarterbacks and team defenses. We find that our pass location data closely matches the NFL’s tracking data, and that our CPAE metric closely matches the NFL’s proprietary CPAE metric.
INAR(1) Processes with Inflated-parameter Generalized Power Series Innovations
Authors: Lívio Tito , Bourguignon Marcelo , Nascimento Fernando 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, new models are studied by proposing the family of generalized power series distributions with inflated parameter (IGPSD) for the innovation process of the INAR(1) model. The main properties of the process were established, such as mean, variance, autocorrelation and transition probability. The methods of estimation by Yule–Walker and the conditional maximum likelihood were used to estimate the parameters of the models. Two particular cases of the INAR

(
1
)

$\left(1\right)$

model with IGPSD innovation were studied, named IPoINAR

(
1
)

$\left(1\right)$

and IGeoINAR

(
1
)

$\left(1\right)$

. Finally, in the real data example, a good performance of the proposed new models was observed.
Fixed point results for multivalued mappings of Ćirić type viaF-contractions on quasi metric spaces
Authors: Shatanawi Wasfi , Altun Ishak , Dağ Hacer 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we present some fixed point results for multivalued mappings with both closed values and proximinal values on leftK-complete quasi metric spaces. We also provide a nontrivial example to illustrate our results.
A weighted log-rank test for comparing two survival curves
Authors: Lee Seung-Hwan , Lee Eun-Joo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a weighted log-rank test that maintains sensitivity to realistic alternatives of two survival curves, such as crossing curves, in the presence of heavy censoring.
The new test incorporates a weight function that changes over the censoring level, increasing adaptivity and flexibility of the commonly used weighted log-rank tests.
The new statistic is asymptotically normal under the null hypothesis that there is no difference in survival between two groups.
The performances of the new test are evaluated via simulations under both proportional and non-proportional alternatives.
We illustrate the new method with a real-world application.
Interleukin-6 gene −572 G > C polymorphism and myocardial infarction risk
Authors: Ding He-guo , Yin Yan-wei , Liu Sun-lin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The association between interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene −572 G^C polymorphism and myocardial infarction (MI) risk has not been established. We adopted this meta-analysis for further insight into the case–control studies.

Materials and methods
To investigate the genetic association, we searched multiple databases, including Web of Science, EMbase, CBM disc, PubMed and CNKI. Also, we manually identified the searched references. All the statistical analyses were conducted using Stata 11.0.

Results
A total of five studies were identified, involving 2,526 MI cases and 3,027 controls. The results revealed a significant association between IL-6 gene −572 G^C polymorphism and MI, implying that the IL-6 gene −572 C allele may be a protective factor for MI (for C allele vs K allele: OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.73–0.99, p = 0.041; for C/C vs G/G: OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.31–0.98, p = 0.044; for C/C vs G/C + G/G: OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.41–0.89, p = 0.011). However, in the subgroup analysis with regard to ethnicity, no significant correlation was identified between IL-6 gene −572 G^C polymorphism and MI among Europeans.

Conclusion
The IL-6 gene −572 C allele may be a protective factor for MI. Future studies involving larger sample bases are still recommended.
Triebel-Lizorkin capacity and hausdorff measure in metric spaces
Authors: Karak Nijjwal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We provide a upper bound for Triebel-Lizorkin capacity in metric settings in terms of Hausdorff measure. On the other hand, we also prove that the sets with zero capacity have generalized Hausdorff h-measure zero for a suitable gauge function h.
Some geometric properties of the non-Newtonian sequence spaces lp
(N)
Authors: Güngör Ni̇han 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we generalize the concepts of convexity, strict convexity and uniform convexity in the sense of non-Newtonian calculus. The main aim of this study is to obtain the non-Newtonian convexity, non-Newtonian strict convexity and non-Newtonian uniform convexity properties of the non-Newtonian sequence spaces lp
(N).
Weak homoclinic solutions of anisotropic discrete nonlinear system with variable exponent
Authors: Ibrango Idrissa , Sanou Rodrigue , Koné Blaise , Guiro Aboudramane 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We prove the existence of weak solutions for an anisotropic homoclinic discrete nonlinear system. Suitable Hilbert spaces and norms are constructed. The proof of the main result is based on a minimization method. We also extend the problem by using generalized penality and source functions.
End-emitting nano organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with directional output
Authors: Huang Cuiying , Zhang Yiwei , Zhang Xinping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We report a new strategy for the design of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), where nanoscale OLEDs are fabricated into a large-area periodic array with their emission propagating along the active layer and being coupled out through the end facets. A large-area template dielectric grating is produced by interference lithography. The OLED devices are then produced on the side walls of the template grating lines, where each device is carried by the back of a grating line and has a width of <300 nm and a height of about 270 nm. The emission is coupled out of the device on the end facet window after a maximum propagation length of shorter than 300 nm through the active layer, reducing largely metallic absorption by the electrodes and overcoming the optical loss by waveguide confinement. Furthermore, such a configuration enables directional concentration of the output emission. The nanoscale OLEDs also imply large potentials for integration into optoelectronic systems.
Pumping-controlled multicolor modulation of upconversion emission for dual-mode dynamic anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Dai Xiaoru , Wang Ke , Lei Lei , Xu Shiqing , Cheng Yao , Wang Yuansheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Lanthanide up-conversion features stepwise multi-photon processes, where the difference in photon number that is required for specific up-conversion process usually leads to significant variance in pumping-related processes/properties. In this work, a pumping-controlled dual-mode anti-counterfeiting strategy is conceived by taking advantage of the combination of up-conversion processes with different photon numbers. The combination of Er3+ and Tm3+, which are spatially separated within a designed core/triple-shell nano-architecture, is taken as an example to illustrate such idea. Upon infrared excitation, the emission color of a designed pattern can be switched from red to purple by increasing the excitation power density from 5 to 11 W/cm2, while a bright luminescent trajectory including red, white and blue-green color with different length is observed when rotating the pattern above 600 rpm. In addition, the relative up-conversion emission intensities of the Er3+ and Tm3+ ions can be manipulated through tailoring interfacial or inner defects in the core/triple-shell nano-crystals, which enable an ultrahigh sensitivity for the pumping-controlled emission color variation to be observed under excitation power well below 11 W/cm2.
Broadband graphene-on-silicon modulator with orthogonal hybrid plasmonic waveguides
Authors: Su Mingyang , Yang Bo , Liu Junmin , Ye Huapeng , Zhou Xinxing , Xiao Jiangnan , Li Ying , Chen Shuqing , Fan Dianyuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Graphene, a two-dimensional nanomaterial, possess unique photoelectric properties that have potential application in designing optoelectronic devices. The tunable optical absorption is one of the most exciting properties that can be used to improve the performance of silicon modulators. However, the weak light–matter interaction caused by the size mismatch between the optical mode fields and graphene makes the graphene-on-silicon modulator (GOSM) has large footprint and high energy consumption, limiting the enhancement of modulation efficiency. Here, we propose a broadband GOSM with orthogonal hybrid plasmonic waveguides (HPWs) at near-infrared wavelengths. The orthogonal HPWs are designed to compress the interaction region of optical fields and enhance the light-graphene interaction. The results show that the GOSM has a modulation depth of 26.20 dB/μm, a footprint of 0.33 μm2, a 3 dB modulation bandwidth of 462.77 GHz, and energy consumption of 2.82 fJ/bit at 1.55 μm. Even working at a broad wavelength band ranging from 1.3 to 2 μm, the GOSM also has a modulation depth of over 8.58 dB/μm and energy consumption of below 4.97 fJ/bit. It is anticipated that with the excellent modulation performance, this GOSM may have great potential in broadband integrated modulators, on-chip optical communications and interconnects, etc.
The crystal structure of 1,3-bis(4-(methoxycarbonyl)benzyl)-2-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-3-ium bromide, C26H25BrN2O4
Authors: Cai Bin , Fu Chun-Yan , Guo Xin-Yu , Wang Ying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
C26H25BrN2O4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.4202(5) Å, b = 9.7871(5) Å, c = 15.0135(9) Å, α = 106.775(3)°, β = 92.534(3)°, γ = 117.424(3)°, V = 1150.52(11) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0316, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0671, T = 150(2) K.
Crystal structure of catena-poly[aqua(μ6-piperazine-1,4-bisethanesulfonato-κ6
N:N′:O:O′:O′′:O′′′)(μ2-pyrazinyl-κ2
N:N′)disilver(I)sesquihydrate], C12H30Ag2N4O11S2
Authors: Jiang Jin-Ke , Li Xi-Xi , Wu Hua , Dong Xian-Wu , Jiang Hui 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
C12H30Ag2N4O11S2, monoclinic, I2/a (no. 15), a = 12.2643(8) Å, b = 7.1481(4) Å, c = 26.2858(16) Å, β = 93.119(6)°, V = 2301.0(2) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0186, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0462, T = 298(2) K.
Crystal structure of rac-trans-N,N′-bis(3-bromo-5-chlorosalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine, C20H18Br2Cl2N2O2
Authors: Jiang Fang , Xu Yan , Ma Xun , Li Jiayi , Wu Qiong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
C20H18Br2Cl2N2O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.6105(8) Å, b = 17.1664(9) Å, c = 11.9848(9) Å, β = 97.682(3)°, V = 2163.4(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0330, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0823, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of bis(2,3-diphenyltetrazolidine-5-thione-κ1
S)-(nitrato-κ1
O)-(nitrato-κ2
O,O′)lead(II), C26H20N10O6S2Pb
Authors: Li Zhuang-yu , Liu E , Liu Xiao-jing , Jian Fang-fang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
C26H20N10O6S2Pb, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.3480(19) Å, b = 12.985(3) Å, c = 14.278(3) Å, α = 113.14(3)°, β = 92.05(3)°, γ = 102.75(3)°, V = 1539.8(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0336, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0874, T = 293.0 K.
Crystal structure of tetraaqua-bis(2-((3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl)oxy)acetato-κO)-nickel(II)—diaqua-bis(2-((3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl)oxy)acetato-nickel(II), C28H24Cl12N4Ni2O18
Authors: Du Zhong-Xiang , Li Jun-Xia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
C28H24Cl12N4Ni2O18, monoclinic, I
2/a (no. 15), a = 37.8040(12) Å, b = 6.0860(2) Å, c = 19.3025(6) Å, β = 98.104(3)°, V = 4396.7(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0498, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1039, T = 291.8(2) K.
Crystal structure of dichloro-bis-(1-butyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole)-nickel(II), C22H28Cl2N4Ni
Authors: Li Zhuang-yu , Liu Xiao-jing , Liu E. , Jian Fang-fang , Liang Tongling 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
C22H28Cl2N4Ni, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.7332(19) Å, b = 14.886(3) Å, c = 18.623(5) Å, β = 117.45(2)°, V = 2394.5(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0450, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1466, T = 293.0 K.
The crystal structure of 1,8-bis(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)anthracene-1,2,4,5-tetrafluoro-3,6-diiodobenzene (2/1), C62H32F4I2N4
Authors: Zhang Lingfan , Ding Man-Hua 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
C62H32F4I2N4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.201(9) Å, b = 10.897(9) Å, c = 13.499(12) Å, α = 106.740(9)°, β = 98.981(9)°, γ = 115.198(9)°, V = 1231.1(18) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0675, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0645, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of poly[(5-bimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonato-κO)-(μ3-hexamethylenetetramino-κ3
N:N′:N′′)silver(I)] dihydrate, C36H52Ag2N10O8S2
Authors: Jiang Jin-Ke , Yang Gang , Sun Li-Ying , Wang Chun-Yan , Wang Feng 
Published: May 2020

abstract
C36H52Ag2N10O8S2, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 11.7911(16) Å, b = 31.310(5) Å, c = 10.6883(11) Å, V = 3945.9(9) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0353, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0784, T = 293(2) K.