bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structurally modified poly(methyl methacrylate) electrospun nanofibers as better host matrix for noble metal nanoparticles
Authors: Philip Princy , Jose Tomlal , Parameswaran Manoj , Thankaraj Sajini 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPoly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanofibers are proved as good host matrix for various nanomaterials. Here, the possibilities offered by the process of electrospinning are exploited for the production of pure and structurally modified surface roughened and coaxial hollow PMMA electrospun nanofibers with unique advantages and surface characteristics, which is proved through various structural analyses. The host matrix nature of these pure and structurally modified surface roughened and coaxial hollow PMMA nanofibers to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are proved through different structural and morphological analyses. The host matrix nature of pure and structurally modified surface roughened and coaxial hollow PMMA nanofibers to AuNPs are compared with that of pure PMMA nanofibers by comparing their structural and optical properties. It is found here that, the surface roughened PMMA nanofibers act as better host matrix with more uniform distribution of particles and intensity enhancement than the pure and coaxial hollow PMMA nanofibers. Pure and coaxial hollow PMMA nanofibers show almost two times enhancement in intensity while the surface roughened PMMA nanofibers show almost five times enhancement in intensity after incorporating AuNPs. The host matrix nature of PMMA nanofibers is thus proved to be improved by making structural modifications on PMMA nanofibers in a simple and cost‐effective way. This makes them more suitable and adaptable in their applications. This superior property of surface roughened PMMA nanofibers over pure PMMA nanofibers can be used in all the application fields of PMMA nanofibers like optical works, catalytically supporting agents, antibacterial supporting systems and so on.
Natural rubber‐carbon black coagulation: Following the nanostructure evolution from a colloidal suspension to a composite
Authors: Cattinari Gianluca , Steenkeste Karine , Le Bris Catherine , Canette Alexis , Gallopin Matthieu , Couty Marc , Fontaine‐Aupart Marie‐Pierre 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMaking elastomeric composite materials via heteroaggregation of a binary colloidal suspension of Natural Rubber (NR) latex and Carbon Black (CB) filler is an interesting production method to obtain an efficient dispersion in the polymer matrix. This study successfully employs an original approach of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to investigate for the first time the nanostructure evolution of a coagulum originated from the aggregation of NR globules with CB filler in suspension. More specifically, we exploited a chemical fixation method allowing simultaneous acquisition of backscattered electron (BSE) and secondary electron (SE) imaging modes. Additionally, the role of external physical stresses, like mechanical shear and sonication was also investigated in terms of structural effect induced on the formed coagulum at the nanoscopic scale. Our results highlight destabilization of NR globules, either induced by direct interaction with small CB aggregates or governed by solvent evaporation. Reduction in the size of CB agglomerates, obtained using sonication, highly improved filler distribution and confirmed that the size of CB aggregates is an important parameter responsible for the destabilization of NR globules.
Synthesis and synergistic flame‐retardant effects of rigid polyurethane foams used reactive DOPO‐based polyols combination with expandable graphite
Authors: Xu Jingshui , Wu Yuqiang , Zhang Bangling , Zhang Guoliang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFlame retardant rigid polyurethane foams (FR‐RPFs) were prepared by a one‐pot and free‐rise method with reactive DOPO‐based polyols and expandable graphite (EG) as flame retardants. The flame retardancy, thermal stability and morphological of FR‐RPFs were investigated by some characterization testing techniques. Less than 10 wt% EG incorporated in the FR‐RPF‐0 can improve the mechanical strength due to forming a chemical bond between FR‐RPF and EG. With addition of 1.5 wt% P and 12.5 wt% EG, the FR‐RPF achieved the LOI of above 30%, meeting the standard of combustible stage B1. Thermal stability and residual mass of FR‐RPFs effectively increased as the increase EG by TGA analysis. EG could help to form a more thermally stable and compact char layer during combustion by SEM analysis. Cone calorimeter tests indicated that the obvious synergistic flame‐retardant effects between DOPO‐based polyols and EG could be concluded in FR‐RPFs. The co‐existence of DOPO‐based polyols enabled EG adhere more smoke fragments and the combination of DOPO‐based polyols and EG better strengthened char layer, so as to enhance the barrier and protective effect of residue. The synergistic flame‐retardant effects from the combination system of DOPO‐based polyols/EG endowed themselves with high flame‐retardant efficiency.
Nanoparticles modified Polyacrylonitrile/Polyacrylonitrile – Polyvinylidenefluoride blends as substrate of high flux anti‐fouling nanofiltration membranes
Authors: Polisetti Veerababu , Ray Paramita 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThin‐film composite nanofiltration membranes were prepared by interfacial polymerization reaction of piperazine and trimesoylchloride on virgin and nanoparticles (SiO2/TiO2) modified Polyacrylonitrile/70:30 and 30:70 Polyacrylonitrile – Polyvinylidenefluoride blend ultrafiltration substrates. The membranes were characterized for surface hydrophilicity and potential, surface and cross‐sectional morphology and equilibrium water content. Pure water permeability and differential rejection of multi (MgSO4) and monovalent salts (NaCl) of the membranes were studied. Nanofiltration (NF) membranes prepared on nanoparticle modified UF substrates exhibit higher flux than the membranes prepared on virgin UF substrates. NF membranes prepared on TiO2 modified substrates are exhibiting higher flux than the other membranes. Membrane prepared on TiO2 modified 70:30 blend substrate exhibits the highest rejection ratio (4.63) of divalent to monovalent salts. Nanofiltration membranes prepared on nanoparticle modified substrates are displaying comparatively higher flux recovery ratio (FRR) and lower total fouling ratio (TFR) values than the NF membranes prepared on virgin ultrafiltration substrates.
High biorenewable content acrylate photocurable resins for DLP 3D printing
Authors: Lebedevaite Migle , Talacka Vaidas , Ostrauskaite Jolita 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGreen chemistry and green engineering concepts have been combined to develop novel sustainable polymeric materials. Solvent free photocurable acrylate resins with biorenewable carbon content of 75%–82% suitable for application in DLP 3D printing technology were composed by commercially available bio‐based materials, acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO), isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA), methacrylic ester (ME), tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (THFA), and tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate (THFMA). They demonstrated high printing accuracy and good adhesion between layers. The monitoring of photocross‐linking kinetics of high biorenewable content acrylate photoresins by the real‐time photorheometry and analysis of their rheological parameters was carried out. Synthesized polymers exhibited high yield of insoluble fraction and thermal decomposition temperature at the weight loss of 10% above 300°C. Polymers AESO/IBOMA and AESO/THFMA showed the highest values of tensile modulus and tensile strength. Biodegradability of the synthesized polymers AESO/ME, AESO/THFA, and AESO/THFMA was investigated by measuring oxygen consumption in a closed respirometer. Such AESO‐based polymers can be a competitive solution to replace petroleum‐derived polymeric materials in additive manufacturing and reduce the environmental impact.
Effect of Nintedanib on Lung Function in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis−Associated Interstitial Lung Disease: Further Analyses of a Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trial
Authors: Maher Toby M. , Mayes Maureen D. , Kreuter Michael , Volkmann Elizabeth R. , Aringer Martin , Castellvi Ivan , Cutolo Maurizio , Stock Christian , Schoof Nils , Alves Margarida , Raghu Ganesh ,   the SENSCIS Trial Investigators
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveIn the SENSCIS trial in subjects with systemic sclerosis–associated interstitial lung disease (SSc‐ILD), nintedanib reduced the rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) over 52 weeks by 44% versus placebo. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of nintedanib on categorical changes in FVC and other measures of ILD progression.MethodsIn post hoc analyses, we assessed the proportions of subjects with categorical changes in FVC % predicted at week 52 and the time to absolute decline in FVC of ≥5% predicted or death and absolute decline in FVC of ≥10% predicted or death.ResultsA total of 288 subjects received nintedanib and 288 subjects received placebo. At week 52, in subjects treated with nintedanib and placebo, respectively, 55.7% and 66.3% had any decline in FVC % predicted, 13.6% and 20.1% had a decline in FVC of >5% to ≤10% predicted, and 3.5% and 5.2% had a decline in FVC of >10% to ≤15% predicted; 34.5% and 43.8% had a decrease in FVC of ≥3.3% predicted (proposed minimal clinically important difference [MCID] for worsening of FVC), while 23.0% and 14.9% had an increase in FVC of ≥3.0% predicted (proposed MCID for improvement in FVC). Over 52 weeks, the hazard ratio (HR) for an absolute decline in FVC of ≥5% predicted or death with nintedanib versus placebo was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.66−1.06) (P = 0.14), and the HR for an absolute decline in FVC of ≥10% predicted was 0.64 (95% CI 0.43−0.95) (P = 0.029).ConclusionThese results suggest that nintedanib has a clinically relevant benefit on the progression of SSc‐ILD.
Periodic point processes: Theory and application
Authors: Casey Stephen D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe address the problems of extracting information generated by one dimensional periodic point processes. These problems arise in numerous situations, from astronomy and biomedical applications to reliability and quality control and signal processing. We divide our analysis into two cases, namely single and then multiple source(s). We wish to extract the fundamental period of the generator(s), and, in the second case, to deinterleave the processes. We present two algorithms, designed to work on all one dimensional periodic processes, but in particular on sparse datasets where other procedures break down. The first algorithm works on data from single period processes, computing an estimate of the underlying period. It is extremely computationally efficient and straightforward, and works on all single period processes, but in particular on sparse datasets where others break down. Its justification, however, rests on some deep mathematics, including a probabilistic interpretation of the Riemann zeta function. We then build upon this procedure to analyze data from multiple periodic processes. This second procedure relies on the Riemann zeta function, Weyl's equidistribution theorem, and Wiener's periodogram.
Identification of young nearby runaway stars based on Gaia data and the lithium test†
Authors: Bischoff Richard , Mugrauer Markus , Torres Guillermo , Heyne Theresa , Lux Oliver , Munz Vera , Neuhäuser Ralph , Hoffmann Susanne , Trepanovski Anja 
Published: November 2020

AbstractYoung nearby runaway stars are suitable to search for their place of origin and possibly associated objects, for example, neutron stars. Tetzlaff et al. (2011) selected young (≤50 Myr) runaway star candidates from Hipparcos, for which they had estimated the ages from the location in the Hertzsprung‐Russell diagram and evolutionary models. Here, we redetermine or constrain their young ages more precisely, not only by using the new Gaia DR2 data but also by measuring lithium, which is a youth indicator. For 308 stars, we obtained spectra to search for the strong resonance doublet of the lithium‐7 isotope at 6708 Å. The spectra were obtained with the Échelle spectrograph FLECHAS at the University Observatory Jena between February 2015 and June 2018 and with TRES between April 2011 and June 2017 at the Fred L. Whipple Observatory. We found 208 stars with a significant occurrence of lithium in their spectra, and 5 possess a possible age that is younger than or about 50 Myr. Three of these targets are even closer than GJ 182, the nearest known runaway star at about 24 pc. These stars are young runaway stars suitable for further investigation of their origin from either a dynamical or supernova ejection.
Disrupting the 'boys don't read' discourse: Primary school boys wholovereading fiction
Authors: Scholes Laura , Spina Nerida , Comber Barbara 
Published: November 2020

This article disrupts dominant discourses around boys and reading that often homogenise young males as reluctant, disengaged and, at times, adversarial readers. Rather than essentialising boys, we argue there is a need for a more sophisticated knowledge base about the influences, constraints and diverse experiences of boys as readers in society today. Drawing on interviews (n = 30) with Year 4 (8 to 9‐year‐old) boys at six schools, we consider their personal recounts of their enjoyment in reading, their preferred reading choices and narratives related to their experiences as readers at school. Analysis highlights boys' emerging reading interests, sophisticated and specific reading preferences, and changes in reading identities over time. Boys' preferences for particular fiction authors, novel series and genres dispute the common assumption in educational contexts that boys prefer to engage with non‐fiction books. This finding is significant, as negative gendered stereotypes can impact on boys' reading self‐concepts. It is also critical given Jerrim and Moss's recent research highlighting the importance of fiction in the development of reading skills. We consider implications for pedagogical practices that broaden reading experiences for the diversity of emerging masculine reading identities in nations such as Australia, where there is an absence of reading for pleasure in education policies.
Neuauflage DAfStb‐Richtlinie Stahlfaserbeton
Authors: Mark Peter , Oettel Vincent , Look Katharina , Empelmann Martin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDie Richtlinie „Stahlfaserbeton“ des Deutschen Ausschusses für Stahlbeton (DAfStb) ergänzt DIN EN 1992‐1‐1 mit spezifischen Bemessungsregelungen für Stahlfaserbeton. Sie ist seit 2012 bauaufsichtlich eingeführt – besitzt also normativen Charakter – und wurde nun in zwei Punkten wesentlich überarbeitet bzw. ergänzt. Zum einen wurden Regelungen für die Torsionsbemessung aufgenommen. Solche fehlten bislang aufgrund mangelnder Erfahrungen. Zum anderen wurden die Vorschriften zur Rissbreitenbeschränkung angepasst. Hier wurde die Nutzung des sogenannten L1‐Werts, der das Zugtragverhalten des Stahlfaserbetons bei kleinen Rissbreiten beschreibt, eingeführt. Bislang wurde konservativ mit dem sogenannten L2‐Wert gerechnet. Der Beitrag beschreibt die Überarbeitungen und erläutert kurz die Hintergründe dazu.
Emerging roles of long noncoding RNAs in cholangiocarcinoma: Advances and challenges
Authors: Yang Yang , Deng Xueting , Li Quanpeng , Wang Fei , Miao Lin , Jiang Qi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a cancer with a relatively low incidence rate, is usually associated with poor prognosis. Current modalities for the diagnosis and treatment of CCA patients are still far from satisfactory. In recent years, numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as crucial players in the development of various cancers, including CCA. Abnormally expressed lncRNAs in CCA, regulated by some upstream molecules, significantly influence the biological behavior of tumor cells and are involved in tumor development through various mechanisms, including interactions with functional proteins, participation in competing for endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks, activation of cancer‐related signaling pathways and epigenetic modification of gene expression. Furthermore, several lncRNAs are closely associated with the clinicopathological features of CCA patients, and are promising biomarkers for diagnosing and prognostication of CCA. Some of these lncRNAs play an important role in chemotherapy drug resistance. In addition, lncRNAs have also been shown to be involved in the inflammation microenvironment of CCA and malignant outcome of CCA risk factors, such as cholestatic liver diseases. In view of the difficulty of diagnosing CCA, more attention should be paid to detectable lncRNAs in the serum or bile. This review summarizes the recent knowledge on lncRNAs in CCA and provides a new outlook on the molecular mechanisms of CCA development from the perspective of lncRNAs. Moreover, we also discussed the limitations of the current studies and differential expression of lncRNAs in different types of CCA.
Comprehensive subgroup analyses of survival outcomes between clear cell renal cell adenocarcinoma and papillary renal cell adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Jingyi , Huang Da , Yan Jiaqi , Chen Tianhe , Gao Yi , Xu Danfeng , Na Rong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo comprehensively compare the survival outcomes of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC), the study cohort included ccRCC and pRCC patients in 2004–2017 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, which comprises 18 registries. Primary outcomes including overall mortality (OM) and cancer‐specific mortality (CSM) were evaluated. Subgroup analyses were conducted for different ages, race, and disease stages. A total of 112,270 cases were eligible for the current analysis, including 92,209 cases of ccRCC and 20,061 cases of pRCC. Univariate analyses suggested that pRCC has a more favorable outcome than ccRCC in terms of CSM (HR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.68–0.75, p < 0.001) and OM (HR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.88–0.93, p < 0.001). Multivariate‐adjusted HRs suggested that pRCC has worse survival outcomes than ccRCC (adjusted HR: 1.08 for CSM and 1.05 for OM, both p < 0.05). Subgroup analyses showed that pRCC had a significantly poorer prognosis than ccRCC among patients ≤45 years old (HRCSM: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.31–1.93, p < 0.001; HROM: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.40–1.90, p < 0.001). Among patients with distant metastasis, those with pRCC had a higher risk of CSM and OM than those with ccRCC (HRCSM: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.19–1.39, p < 0.001; HROM: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.21–1.40, p < 0.001). Propensity score analyses for patients ≤45 years old and those with metastasis showed similar results. The lack of information on pRCC subtypes in the SEER database was a limitation. In conclusion, pRCC has poorer survival outcomes than ccRCC among patients younger than 45 years old and patients with distant metastasis.
The SIMM study: Survey of integrative medicine in myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: Gowin Krisstina , Langlais Blake T. , Kosiorek Heidi E. , Dueck Amylou , Millstine Denise , Huberty Jennifer , Eckert Ryan , Mesa Ruben A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMyeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are characterized by significant symptom burden. Integrative medicine (IM) offers unique symptom management strategies. This study describes IM interventions utilized by MPN patients and the association with symptom burden, quality of life, depression, and fatigue adjusted for lifestyle confounders. MPN patients were surveyed online for IM utilization, MPN symptom burden (MPN‐Symptom Assessment Form Total Symptom Score), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire), fatigue (Brief Fatigue Inventory), and a single question on overall quality of life. Measures were compared by IM participation and adjusted for alcohol and tobacco use, BMI, diet, and MPN type using multiple linear and logistic regression. A total of 858 participants were included in the analysis. Aerobic activity (p =< 0.001) and strength training (p = 0.01) were associated with lower mean symptom burden while massage (p =< 0.001) and support groups (p =< 0.001) were associated with higher levels of symptom burden. Higher quality of life was reported in massage (p = 0.04) and support groups (p = 0.002) while lower quality of life was noted in aerobic activity (p =< 0.001) and strength training (p = 0.001). A lower depression screening score was noted in those participating in aerobic activity (p = 0.006), yoga (p = 0.03), and strength training (p = 0.02). Lower fatigue was noted in those participating in aerobic activity (p =< 0.001) and strength training (p = 0.03) while higher fatigue was noted in those participating in massage (p =< 0.001) and breathing techniques (p = 0.02). Data available on request from the authors. This international survey of MPN patients on IM usage, has shown that patients who participated in a form of IM had a pattern of decreased levels of symptom burden, fatigue, depression, and higher QoL, as adjusted for health lifestyle practices overall.
Narratives selves in the digital world: An empirical investigation
Authors: Jain Varsha , Belk Russell W. , Ambika Anupama , Pathak‐Shelat Manisha 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe digital era has led to the extension of self into virtual space, resulting in changes to consumption patterns. The existing academic landscape in this area focuses on Western perspectives, in the context of early‐stage digital interventions. However, the dynamic digital world demands a constant exploration to understand the corresponding influences on consumer behavior across varied cultural contexts. This research focuses on unraveling newer dimensions of the digital self from non‐Western perspectives. We adopt an interpretive lens to understand the evolving nature of self through a grounded theory approach. The study establishes the presence of multiple independent narrative selves, co‐created with people, and technology. Each narrative addresses different segments of personal audiences, enabling new modes of self‐expression to overcome the challenges of digital expressions. Additionally, we highlight the exclusion of the digital presence of family in the formation of the narrative self. From a theoretical perspective, we extend and contrast the existing conceptualizations on self, such as dialogical selves, self‐extension and expansion, and the unified core self. Further, the practical implications emphasize the need for narrative analytic approaches to understanding consumers and avenues for brands to decode narratives, develop strategies to gain consumer attention, and become part of consumers' narrative selves.
Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy due to lung cancer: A case report and literature review
Authors: Shinzato Akira , Kinjo Takeshi , Miyagi Taiga , Yamazato Shoshin , Kaneku Kozue , Nishiyama Mao , Miyagi Kazuya , Furugen Makoto , Fujita Jiro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome. Our literature review shows the location of arthralgia and existence of edema are referable information for the differential diagnosis in paraneoplastic arthralgia.