bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grandchild’s IQ is associated with grandparental environments prior to the birth of the parents
Authors: Golding Jean , van den Berg Gerard , Northstone Kate , Suderman Matthew , Ellis Genette , Iles-Caven Yasmin , Gregory Steve , Pembrey Marcus 
Published: August 2020

Background:In spite of convincing animal experiments demonstrating the potential for environmental exposures in one generation to have demonstrable effects generations later, there have been few relevant human studies. Those that have been undertaken have demonstrated associations, for example, between exposures such as nutrition and cigarette smoking in the grandparental generation and outcomes in grandchildren. We hypothesised that such transgenerational associations might be associated with the IQ of the grandchild, and that it would be likely that there would be differences in results between the sexes of the grandparents, parents and children.Methods:We used three-generational data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). We incorporated environmental factors concerning grandparents (F0) and focussed on three exposures that we hypothesised may have independent transgenerational associations with the IQ of the grandchildren (F2): (i) UK Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at grandparental birth year; (ii) whether the grandfather smoked; and (iii) whether the grandmother smoked in the relevant pregnancy. Potential confounders were ages of grandparents when the relevant parent was born, ethnic background, education level and social class of each grandparent.Results:After adjustment, all three target exposures had specific associations with measures of IQ in the grandchild. Paternal grandfather smoking was associated with reduced total IQ at 15 years; maternal grandfather smoking with reduced performance IQ at 8 years and reduced total IQ at 15. Paternal grandmother smoking in pregnancy was associated with reduced performance IQ at 8, especially in grandsons. GDP at grandparents’ birth produced independent associations of reduced IQ with higher GDP; this was particularly true of paternal grandmothers.Conclusions:These results are complex and need to be tested in other datasets. They highlight the need to consider possible transgenerational associations in studying developmental variation in populations.
Uczeni i ich losy… – Mirosław Skarżyński jako badacz dziejów polskiej lingwistyki
Authors: Czelakowska Anna 
Published: August 2020

Scholars and Their Fates… – Mirosław Skarżyński as a Researcher of the History of Polish Linguistics
The paper presents Mirosław Skarżyński’s studies in the field of the history of Polish linguistics, and their consecutive phases: history of ideas (concepts, grammatical descriptions); history of people – researchers who once laid the foundations of scientific linguistics; and history of institutions. The emerging picture reveals that the research procedure adopted by Skarżyński was analogous to the method of historical sciences which demand that facts of the past should be described based on direct source information. In this perspective, the description of Polish linguistics must have been preceded by a considerable number of detailed studies, and publication of sources. Skarżyński put particular emphasis on the edition of memoirs and correspondence from the past. He saw in them not merely a complementary fond of information in research on the history of ideas and institutions, but primarily a road to understanding the personalities and fates of past scholars, as well as the conditions in which Polish scientific linguistics was born.
Krakowskie listy Jana Baudouina de Courtenay do Jana Karłowicza z 1894 r.
Authors: Rak Maciej 
Published: August 2020

Cracow Letters of Jan Baudouin de Courtenay to Jan Karłowicz from 1894
The presented correspondence includes nine letters and nine postcards from 1894, sent by Jan Baudouin de Courtenay to Jan Karłowicz. Among other things, it shows the scientific and extra-scientific relations in Cracow in the last decade of the 19th century – although, owing to the person of the addressee, it also refers to Warsaw. The main scientific topics are 1) comments on the etymology of lexemes studied by J. Karłowicz for a dictionary of foreign words which were used in Polish and had a less clear origin; 2) matters related to changes in Polish orthography; and 3) comments on the edition of the so-called Warsaw dictionary.
siritool: A Matlab Graphical User Interface for Image Analysis in Structured-Illumination Reflectance Imaging for Fruit Defect Detection
Authors: Lu Yuzhen , Lu Renfu 
Published: August 2020

HIGHLIGHTSA Matlab GUI, siriTool, was developed for structured-illumination reflectance imaging.siriTool enables image preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification.siriTool was demonstrated for detection of spot defects on pickling cucumbers.Abstract. Structured-illumination reflectance imaging (SIRI) is an emerging imaging modality that provides more useful discriminative features for enhancing detection of defects in fruit and other horticultural and food products. In this study, we developed a Matlab graphical user interface (GUI), siriTool (available at https://codeocean.com/capsule/5699671/tree), to facilitate image analysis in SIRI for fruit defect detection. The GUI enables image preprocessing (i.e., demodulation, object segmentation, and image enhancement), feature extraction and selection, and classification. Demodulation is done using a three-phase or two-phase approach depending on the image data acquired, object segmentation (or background removal) is implemented based on automatic unimodal thresholding, and image enhancement is achieved using fast bi-dimensional empirical decomposition followed by selective image reconstructions. For defect detection, features of different types are extracted from the enhanced images, and feature selection is performed to reduce the feature set. Finally, the full or reduced set of features are then input into different classifiers, e.g., support vector machine (SVM), for image-level classifications. An application example is presented on the detection of yellowish subsurface spot defects in pickling cucumbers. SIRI achieved over 98% classification accuracies based on SVM modeling with the extracted features, which were significantly better than the accuracies obtained under uniform illumination. Keywords: Defect detection, Demodulation, Image enhancement, Machine learning, Matlab, Structured illumination.
Weight Loss Prediction Model for Pig Carcass Based on a Genetic Algorithm Back- Propagation Neural Network
Authors: Sun Chenyang , Chen Lusheng , Li Yinian , Yao Hao , Zhang Nan , Li Chunbao , Zhou Guanghong , Chen Yulun 
Published: August 2020

HighlightsWe propose five spraying parameters according to the characteristics of pig carcasses in the spray-chilling process.A prediction model for pig carcass weight loss, based on a genetic algorithm back-propagation neural network, is proposed to reveal the relationship between weight loss and spraying parameters.To study the effects of various spraying parameters on weight loss, an automatic spray-chilling device was designed, which can modify up to five spraying parameters.Abstract. Because the weight loss of a pig carcass in the spray-chilling process is easily affected by the spraying frequency and duration, a prediction model for weight loss based on a genetic algorithm (GA) back-propagation (BP) neural network is proposed in this article. With three-way crossbred pig carcasses selected as the test materials, the duration and time interval of high-frequency spraying, the duration and time interval of low-frequency spraying, and the duration of a single spray were selected as inputs to the network model. The weight and threshold of the network were then optimized by the GA. The prediction model for pig carcass weight loss established by the GA BP neural network yielded a correlation coefficient of R = 0.99747 between the network output value of the test samples and the target value. Weight loss prediction by the model is feasible and allows better expression of the nonlinear relationship between weight loss and the main controlling factors. The results can be a reference for chilled meat production. Keywords: BP neural network, Genetic algorithm, Pig carcass, Predictive model, Weight loss
Effect of High-Pressure Processing and Nisin on Microbial Inactivation and Quality of Avocado Dressing
Authors: Oner Manolya E. 
Published: August 2020

HighlightsA =7-log reduction of E. coli and L. innocua was accomplished using HPP at 600 MPa for 3 min.There was a synergy between HPP and nisin in all treatments to inactivate both E. coli and L. innocua.HPP and nisin did not affect the color, pH, and total soluble solids content of avocado dressing.Viscosity measurements of avocado dressing samples after HPP showed a good fit to a power-law model.Abstract. The effect of high-pressure processing (HPP) (200, 300, 400, 500, and 600 MPa) and nisin (0, 100, and 200 ppm) on L. innocua and E. coli inactivation and on the color, pH, TSS, and viscosity of avocado dressing was investigated. HPP at 600 MPa for 3 min resulted in 7 log CFU mL-1 reductions of both L. innocua and E. coli in avocado dressing. Combining HPP at =500 MPa with 100 ppm nisin exhibited significant additional L. innocua and E. coli inactivation, indicating high synergy between HPP and nisin. Pressure levels up to 600 MPa did not affect the color, pH, and total soluble solids of avocado dressing. The avocado dressing followed pseudoplastic flow behavior, and the viscosity of the samples decreased with increasing pressure and temperature. HPP was effective in controlling E. coli and L. innocua in avocado dressing without significant quality loss. Keywords: Color, Escherichia coli, High-pressure processing, Listeria innocua, Nisin, Viscosity.
Generalization of pinching operation to binary matroids
Authors: GHORBANİ Vahid , AZADİ Ghodratollah , AZANCHİLER Habib 
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we generalize the pinching operation on two edges of graphs to binary
matroids and investigate some of its basic properties. For $n\geq 2$, the matroid that is obtained from an $n$-connected matroid by this operation is a $k$-connected matroid with $k\in\{2,3,4\}$ or is a disconnected matroid. We find conditions to guarantee this $k$. Moreover, we show that Eulerian binary matroids are characterized by this operation and we also provide some interesting applications of this operation.
Nonlinear frequency conversions via weak surface polaritonic wave breaking in a hybrid plasmonic waveguide
Authors: Asgarnezhad-Zorgabad Saeid , Sanders Barry C. 
Published: August 2020

Material design and input field properties limit high-harmonic excitation efficiency of surface-plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in a nanoscopic device. We remedy these limitations by developing a concept for a plasmonic waveguide that exploits spatiotemporal control of a weak surface polaritonic field to create efficient four-wave mixing (FWM) and periodic phase singularities. Our configuration comprises four-level double

Λ

-type atomic medium (

4
Λ

As) doped in a lossless dielectric situated above a negative-index metamaterial (NIMM) layer. We report the coherent excitation and propagation of the multiple surface polaritonic shock waves (SWs) and establish the highly efficient frequency combs by surface polaritonic wave (SPW) breaking. Consequently, multiple FWM and periodic plasmonic phase singularity patterns generate through nonlinear self-defocusing control commensurate with the plasmonic noise within the atomic electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window. Our work introduces SW formation within the subwavelength scale and generates efficient nonlinear frequency conversion, thereby opening prospects for designing fast optical modulators and nonlinear plasmonic gates.
Clasificación de las zonas arqueológicas según su nivel de atracción
Authors: Enseñat Soberanis Fernando 
Published: August 2020

El sistema turístico-espacial se compone de una región de origen, una ruta de tránsito y una región de destino. Las atracciones se encuentran en la región de destino y son las responsables de las movilidades intrarregionales de los visitantes. Las zonas arqueológicas son ejemplos de atracciones y representan para muchas regiones el principal eje de desarrollo económico. Sin embargo, han sido poco estudiadas desde el punto de vista de los atributos que favorecen o inhiben su visita. Tomando estadísticas oficiales de las 44 zonas arqueológicas abiertas al público en la península de Yucatán para identificar centros emisores y periferias receptoras, el presente artículo propone un modelo de atracción basado en dos atributos de las zonas arqueológicas: la accesibilidad y la monumentalidad. El modelo generó cuatro tipos de zonas arqueológicas: T1= turistificadas; T2= no monumentales de acceso rápido; T3= monumentales de acceso tardado y T4= no monumentales de acceso tardado. Los resultados confirman la teoría del decaimiento con la distancia (distance-decay) y tienen implicaciones para un manejo más sustentable de estos espacios culturales, así como para el desarrollo y comercialización de nuevas y mejores rutas turísticas.
Adaptation of the Scale of Factors of Sports Sponsorship Policy to Turkish
Authors: Eratlı Şirin Yeliz , Metin Mehmet , Gönen Yıldız Saadet , Şirin Tayfun 
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study is to adapt the Drivers of Sports Sponsorship Policy developed by Miragaia et al. (2017) to Turkish and to present the results of the validity and reliability study. 100 managers and employees in public and private sectors participated in the study. DFA (confirmatory factor analysis) were performed for the construct validity studies of the scale and Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency and composite coefficients were examined for reliability studies. In result of confirmatory factor analysis, the 19-item scale, which consists of four factors: customer satisfaction, corporatereputation, innovation and corporate social responsibility, was foundto be adjusting good.Internal consistency coefficients of the scale are updated as customer satisfaction dimension 0,65, corporate reputation dimension 0,79, innovation dimension 0,65 and corporate social responsibility dimension 0,84.The total internal consistency coefficient of the scale is α = 0,83. The total correlations of the factors in the scale were calculated between 0,259 and 0,466.The analyzes showed that the Turkish form of the scale was a valid and reliable measurement tool.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.

Özet

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Miragaia ve arkadaşları (2017) tarafından geliştirilen Spor Sponsorluğu Politikasının Faktörleri’ni (Drivers of Sports Sponsorship Policy) Türkçeye uyarlamak ve geçerlik güvenirlik çalışma sonuçlarını ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmaya kamu ve özel sektörde görev alan 100 yönetici ve çalışan katılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerlik çalışmaları için DFA (doğrulayıcı faktör analizi) yapılmış, güvenirlik çalışmaları için Cronbach’s Alpha iç tutarlılık ve kompozit katsayılarına bakılmıştır. Müşteri memnuniyeti, kurumsal itibar, yenilikçilik ve kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk olmak üzere dört faktörden oluşan 19 maddelik ölçeğe ilişkin modelin doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda iyi uyum sağladığı bulunmuştur. Ölçeğe ait iç tutarlık katsayıları ise müşteri memnuniyeti boyutu 0,65, kurumsal itibar boyutu 0,79, yenilikçilik boyutu 0,65 ve kurumsal sosyal sorumluluğu boyutu 0,84 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin toplam iç tutarlık katsayısı ise α = 0,83’tür. Ölçekteki faktörlerin toplam korelasyonları 0,259 ile 0,466 arasında hesaplanmıştır. Analizler ölçeğin Türkçe formunun geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğunu göstermiştir.
Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Kebar Grass (Biophytum petersianum) Extract
Authors: Aminudin Aminudin , Andarwulan Nuri , Palupi Nurheni Sri , Arifiantini Iis 
Published: August 2020

Kebar grass (Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch.) has long been known by the locals of West Papua as medicinal plant that improves fertility. The objectives of this research were to identify and determine the antioxidant activity of kebar grass crude extract through conventional method and to analyze for its antioxidant activity. Extraction method used was conventional method, performed by mixing dry kebar grass with water and boiled until the volume shrunk to 1/3 of initial volume. Analized parameters were crude extract yield, qualitative phytochemical, total phenol and antioxidant activity. Research result showed extract crude yield value of 18.32±0.01%. Qualitative phytochemical contents were dominated by flavonoid, tannin, and saponin. Total phenolic content (TPC) of crude extract was 147±1.24 mgGAE/gdw (0.688±0.01 mgGAE/gfw). Crude extract antioxidant parameter was measured as the value of inhibition, AEAC, TEAC, and IC50 where each value respectively was as followed 42.0±0.047%, 69.93±2.19 mgAE/gdw (8.30±0.26 mgAE/gfw), 65.70±1.54 mgTE/gdw (7.80±0.18 mgTE/gfw) and 0.129±0.003 mgdw (257.75±4.90 mg/L). The contribution of kebar grass TPC content to antioxidant activity is 47.38% (equal to ascorbic acid) and 44.51% (equal to trolox) which means that almost half of kebar grass crude extract’s phenolic compound act as antioxidant. The results of this research can show that the kebar grass has potential as a source of multiple antioxidants, which acts as an analogue of vitamin C and vitamin E. The antioxidant activity of the kebar grass extract can be the scientific basis for the use of kebar grass as a medicinal plant for infertility problems (curative) and as a functional food ingredient for antioxidant sources that prevent a decrease in reproductive performance (preventive).
Effect of Sweetness Level and Amino Acid Composition of Palm Sugar on Feed Intake of Trichoglossus haematodus in Captivity
Authors: Prijono Siti Nuramaliati , Rachmatika Rini 
Published: August 2020

Palm sugar solution diets that were offered to the Lorikeets contain high energy, low protein and rich in amino acids similar to nectar. The major components of palm sugar are sucrose, which has a sweet taste. The Lorikeets can detect energy-rich from the sweet taste of the feed. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of sweetness level and amino acid composition in palm sugar solution diets on feed intake of T. haematodus. The research method was completely randomized design arranged in a factorial with two factors. The first factor consisted of 4 types of palm sugars, i.e. aren, coconut, siwalan/palmyra, and nipah sugar with a different degree Brix in 13.5º, 14.0º, 14.5º, and 15.0º Brix.While the second factor consisted of two treatments, with and without the addition of the commercial baby biscuit. The results showed that the feed intake of Siwalan sugar was significantly higher than the other palm sugar solution diets. Siwalan sugar solution diet has high sweetness level, sucrose content and essential amino acid Lysine. This study provides the new information regarding the sweetness level of palm sugar and amino acid composition in the diet that can affect feed intake of T. haematodus. Therefore, this information will help to make a formulation of appropriate diet that meets the nutrient requirements especially amino acid for the birds.
Distribution of the Termite Reproductive Castes in Gunungpati, Semarang, Central Java
Authors: Subekti Niken , Saniaturrohmah Saniaturrohmah 
Published: August 2020

Soil termites play a role as a primary decomposer in natural forests. These types of termites can be turned into residential pests as more land use to be plantations, housing, and buildings. This study analyzed the distribution of subterranean termites' reproductive caste, its identification, and environmental factors that influence the development of subterranean termites. The research methods used include distribution analysis using UV flying traps, surveys using GPS, identification of reproductive castes, and environmental factors including soil nutrients, vegetation analysis, temperature, soil moisture, air humidity, and wind speed. The results showed that the distribution of termites is found throughout the Gunungpati Semarang area. The identification of reproductive caste/alates found was Termitidae. Environmental factors that affect the life of termites in the Gunungpati Semarang area December 2019-January 2020 include the temperature of 27.0-28.4 oC, the humidity of 60.2 -61.2 %, air pressure 950.5-975.0 hPa, soil pH 4.84 - 5.60 and soil moisture 29.7-34.0 %. The vegetation was dominated by the Apocynaceae, Sapindaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. The highest value of diversity and vegetation index sequentially are Sekaran, Patemon, and Ngijo. It is found that the entire Gunungpati area of Semarang is a suitable habitat for the growth and development of the Termitidae. The finding will help the authoritative institution to consider Gunungpati as a conservation area.
Effect of Equivalence Ratio on the Rice Husk Gasification Performance Using Updraft Gasifier with Air Suction Mode
Authors: Hendriyana Hendriyana 
Published: August 2020

Rice husk is the waste from agriculture industries that has high potential to produce heat and electricity through the gasification process. Air suction mode is new development for updraft rice husk gasification, where blower are placed at output of gasifier. The objective of this research is to examine these new configuration at several equivalence ratio. The equivalence ratio was varied at 32% and 49% to study temperature profile on gasifier, producer gas volumetric flow rate, composition of producer gas, producer gas heating value, cold gas efficiency and carbon conversion. The time needed to consume rice husk and reach an oxidation temperature of more than 700oC for equivalence ratio of 49% is shorter than 32%. Producer gas rate production per unit weight of rice husk increase from 2.03 Nm3/kg and 2.36 Nm3/kg for equivalence ratio of 32% and 49%, respectively. Composition producer gas for equivalence ratio of 32% is 17.67% CO, 15.39% CO2, 2.87% CH4, 10.62% H2 and 53.45% N2 and 49% is 19.46% CO, 5.94% CO2, 0.90% CH4, 3.46% H2 and 70.24% N2. Producer gas heating value for equivalence ratio 32% and 49% is 4.73 MJ/Nm3 and 3.27 MJ/Nm3, respectively. Cold gas efficiency of the gasifier at equivalence ratio 32% is 69% and at 49% is 55%.