bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress of Lead‐Free Halide Perovskites: From Material Synthesis to Photodetector Application
Authors: Cao Fengren , Li Liang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLead halide perovskite (LHP) has been widely researched in the photovoltaic field due to its highly attractive optoelectronic properties. Among the LHP‐based devices, the detectivity of the photodetector is as high as 1015 Jones. However, their practical application is limited by the toxicity of lead in perovskite and the inherent instability induced by the perovskite structure against moisture, heat, and light. To address these issues, tremendous efforts have been made to replace Pb2+ with other environmentally friendly metal cations such as Sn2+, Bi3+, Cu2+, Sb3+, and Ge2+. Thus, considerable breakthroughs in device performance and stability using lead‐free metal halide perovskite (LFMHP) have been made in recent years. In this review, the synthesis methods and strategies are focused for enhancing the material quality and photoelectric properties of LFMHPs and the recent research progress of LFMHP‐based photodetectors is summarized. This research provides some promising perspectives for high‐performance LFMHP photodetectors to achieve a broader range of practical applications in the future.
Choline‐Geranate Deep Eutectic Solvent Improves Stability and Half‐Life of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1
Authors: Agatemor Christian , Brown Tyler D. , Gao Yongsheng , Ohmori Naoya , Ibsen Kelly N. , Mitragotri Samir 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) and ionic liquids (ILs) have shown promise as a platform to deliver drugs, particularly biologics, through transdermal and oral routes. This ability is made possible through several key DES/IL attributes, including protein solubilization and stabilization, enzyme inhibition, and enhanced permeation across epithelial barriers. It is hypothesized herein, that some of these attributes enable subcutaneous delivery. To test this hypothesis, a native (non‐analog) glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) is delivered subcutaneously in varying concentrations of a DES, choline geranate (CAGE). Native GLP‐1 is rapidly cleared from the circulatory system by enzymatic degradative action of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4). However, when delivered in neat or diluted CAGE, the area under the curve (AUC) of GLP‐1 increases by up to four‐fold compared to that in saline, suggesting a notable increase in the peptide concentration in the circulatory system. Mechanistic studies reveal that CAGE inhibits the degradative activity of DPP‐4 and that CAGE undergoes self‐assembly, which may be responsible for the entrapment and sustained release of GLP‐1. These studies demonstrate that upon additional testing, CAGE can be a potential excipient to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of GLP‐1.
Boosting Both Electrocatalytic Activity and Durability of Metal Aerogels via Intrinsic Hierarchical Porosity and Continuous Conductive Network Backbone Preservation
Authors: Zheng Yuanyuan , Yang Jing , Lu Xubing , Wang Honglei , Dubale Amare Aregahegn , Li Yi , Jin Zhao , Lou Dongyang , Sethi Navpreet Kaur , Ye Yuhong , Zhou Jing , Sun Yujing , Zheng Zhikun , Liu Wei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs an emerging class of highly and hierarchically porous materials with continuous conductive metal network backbones, metal aerogels have unleashed tremendous potential in various fields, especially in electrocatalysis. However, it remains a great challenge to maximize the utilization of the intrinsic structural advantages of metal aerogels due to the collapse of their structure during conventional electrode preparation caused by their brittle character. Herein, a general in situ silicone‐confined gelation strategy is developed to integrate metal aerogels (PtPd, PtAg, PdAg, and AuAg) into/onto macroporous skeletons (carbon cloth, carbon fiber foam, and nickel foam). The composite materials have good mechanical flexibility, and can be utilized directly under the condition of well‐preserved intrinsic structure of metal aerogels. This not only results in more efficient electron transfer and faster mass transport, but also eliminates Ostwald ripening and aggregation, leading to both remarkably enhanced activity and durability when compared to that made by conventional ink drop coating with collapsed and compressed structure. This work represents a significant breakthrough for metal aerogels, and provides inspiration for electrocatalyst design with both high activity and durability.
Blockchain‐based traceability and demand for U.S. beef in China
Authors: Lin Wen , Ortega David L. , Ufer Danielle , Caputo Vincenzina , Awokuse Titus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAmid stringent traceability requirements and a nearly 14‐year ban, the U.S. beef industry is rebuilding its market presence in China. Blockchain technology offers a responsive means of meeting Chinese import traceability requirements while also addressing consumers' food safety concerns. We evaluate Chinese demand for U.S. beef and blockchain‐based traceability and find that a sizeable segment of the market (37%) is willing to pay a premium for U.S. beef that is traceable using blockchains. Results indicate that investments in traceability systems that utilize blockchain technology may be an effective way for producers to capture a significant market share in China.
Coloboma may be a shared feature in a spectrum of disorders caused by mutations in the WDR37‐PACS1‐PACS2 axis
Authors: Sakaguchi Yuri , Yoshihashi Hiroshi , Uehara Tomoko , Miyama Sahoko , Kosaki Kenjiro , Takenouchi Toshiki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report a male adult with early infantile‐onset epilepsy, facial dysmorphism, and iridal and choroidal coloboma who had a de novo heterozygous mutation in PACS2, that is, c.625G > A p.(Glu209Lys). This specific mutation was previously reported in a patient with PACS2‐related disorder (early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 66). De novo heterozygous mutations in WDR37 have been shown to cause a novel human disorder, neurooculocardiogenitourinary syndrome (NOCGUS syndrome) (OMIM #618652), characterized by intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, and coloboma. According to large‐scale interactome data, WDR37 interacts most strongly, by far, with PACS1 and PACS2. Clinically, coloboma has been described as a feature in a WDR37‐related disorder and a PACS1‐related disorder (Schuurs‐Hoeijmakers syndrome), but not in a PACS2‐related disorder. Our review of the phenotypes of three human disorders caused by WDR37, PACS1, and PACS2 mutations showed a significant overlap of epilepsy, intellectual disability, cerebellar atrophy, and facial features. The present observation of coloboma as a shared feature among these three disorders suggests that this group of genes may be involved in ocular development. We propose that dysregulation of the WDR37‐PACS1‐PACS2 axis results in a spectrum that is recognizable by intellectual disability, distinctive facial features, and coloboma.
Changing the Lab Experience: Using Technology to Deliver Science Instruction in Rural Communities
Authors: Edwards Renée , McKay Heather , Shea Patricia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis case study of an online science laboratory network, the North American Network of Science Labs Online (NANSLO), demonstrates that successful initiatives must fit well within institutions’ existing structural and programmatic elements as well as align with institutional goals, course‐level programming, and have adequate buy‐in at the faculty level.
The Legacy of TAACCCT: Lessons on Change in Community Colleges
Authors: Eyster Lauren , Bragg Debra D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter summarizes major findings from the national evaluation of TAACCCT pertaining to systems and organizational changes made by community colleges. These results are integrated with other findings presented in this volume to highlight lessons learned about the implementation of TAACCCT and its legacy for long‐term changes in the community college.
Assessing failure patterns of radical intent radiation strategies in patients with locally advanced carcinoma of the esophagus
Authors: Mishra Shagun , Ahmad Farhan , Singh Shalini , Singh Rajneesh K. , Das Koilpillai J. Maria , Kumar Shaleen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatterns of failure following definitive CRT (dCRT) are different as compared to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) with increased locoregional failures documented with dCRT.AimTo document failure patterns in patients with esophageal carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant and definitive intent radiation strategies.MethodsSubjects were 123 patients treated with two chemoradiotherapy strategies. Group 1 (n = 99) underwent dose escalated definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT), Group 2 (n = 24) received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) followed by surgery. Cumulative incidence of locoregional failure (LRF), local failure (LF), regional lymph node failure (RLNF), and distant metastasis (DM) were computed; differences between the groups was evaluated using log rank test. Univariable and multivariable predictors of failure were identified using Cox regression analysis.ResultsCumulative LRF: 64% in Group 1 vs 35% in Group 2 (P = .050). Cumulative LF: 59% in Group 1 vs 12% in Group 2 (P = .000). Cumulative RLNF: 30% in Group 1 vs 24% in Group 2 (P = .592). Most common RLNF: mediastinum for both groups (6% vs 12.5%, respectively). Distant metastasis: 40.4% Group 1 vs 17% Group 2 (P = .129), predominantly lung (Group 1, 5%), and nonregional nodes (Group 2, 8.3%). Univariate analysis identified age ≤50, absence of concurrent chemotherapy, dose ≤50 Gy, and incomplete radiotherapy to predict higher odds of LRF and DM for Group 1; absence of comorbidities predicted for lower odds of LRF for Group 2. Age ≤50 predicted for higher odds of RNLR for Group 1, while absence of comorbidities predicted for lower odds of RNLR in Group 2. Multivariate analysis identified age ≤50, incomplete radiotherapy, and absence of concurrent chemotherapy to predict higher odds of LRF for Group 1. Age ≤50, absence of concurrent chemotherapy predicted higher odds of DM for Group 1. Absence of comorbidity predicted lower odds of LRF in Group 2.ConclusionLRF is common in both groups, with LF being predominant in dCRT as opposed to RNLF in NACRT. Age ≤50, absence of concurrent chemotherapy is a predictor of LRF and DM in dCRT.
Publicly verifiable threshold secret sharing based onthree‐dimensional‐cellularautomata
Authors: Koikara Rosemary , Yoon Eun‐Jun , Paul Anand 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSecret sharing schemes are being widely used to distribute a secret between various participants so that an authorized subset of participants belonging to appropriate access structures can reconstruct this secret. However, a dealer might get corrupted by adversaries and may influence this secret sharing or the reconstruction process. Verifiable secret sharing (VSS) overcomes this issue by adding a verifiability protocol to the original secret sharing scheme. This article proposes a computationally secure publicly verifiable secret sharing scheme based on the three‐dimensional cellular automata (3D‐CA). Unlike the more widely used linear secret sharing schemes or secret sharing scheme based on the Chinese remainder theorem, our proposed scheme performs the secret sharing using 3D‐CA. The secret is considered one of the initial configurations of the 3D‐CA, and the following configurations are devised to be the shares distributed among the participants. Update mechanisms and various rules make it hard for an adversary to corrupt or duplicate a share. To make it even more efficient, we have added a verifiability layer such that a dealer posts a public share and private share to each shareholder. The verifiability layer reduces the interaction between dealer and participants and hence increases the security. The randomness of the shares has been calculated using the National Institute of Standards and Technology statistical test suite.
Film Electrochemiluminescence Controlled by Interfacial Reactions Along with Aggregation‐, Matrix‐Coordination‐, and Crystallization‐Induced Emissions
Authors: Adsetts Jonathan R. , Ding Zhifeng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe utility of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) in analysis has been proven by its use in the interrogation of novel luminophores as well as the commercial applications of immunoassays. This Minireview discusses the recent advances in film ECL enhancements controlled by interfacial reactions along with aggregation‐induced, crystallization‐induced, matrix‐coordination‐induced and nanoparticle surface state emissions. These enhancement phenomena are anticipated to lead to applications toward biological and medical diagnosis. Interfacial ECL enhancements of nanoparticle films and an in‐depth analysis of the application of this knowledge into development of optoelectronics follow. Finally, recent novel crystallization induced ECL enhancements and hypochromic shifts are provided. Future analyses of these film ECL enhancement phenomena will provide complementary information for the optimal implementation of next generation luminophores into thin film optoelectronic and sensing applications.
Predicting outcomes and sudden gains from initial in‐session interactions during remote cognitive–behavioural therapy for severe health anxiety
Authors: Malins Sam , Moghaddam Nima , Morriss Richard , Schröder Thomas , Brown Paula , Boycott Naomi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere has been a dramatic increase in remote psychotherapy since the onset of the COVID‐19 crisis. There is also expected to be an increase in mental health problems in the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic. An increase in severe health anxiety (SHA) is particularly anticipated, for which cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is a frontline treatment. However, it is unclear what interaction types are associated with outcome‐improvement in remote‐CBT (rCBT) for SHA. This study aimed to identify interaction types that predict outcomes and sudden gains in rCBT for SHA using initial therapy session content. Forty‐eight participants in rCBT for SHA had interactions at their first sessions categorized and rated in terms of patient activation: an individual's confidence and ability to manage their health. Multilevel modelling assessed whether early interaction types predicted session‐by‐session wellbeing. For participants experiencing sudden gains (n = 12) interactions at the session directly prior to the gain were similarly categorized and rated. The scores were then compared with ratings for the preceding session. A smaller proportion of early sessions was taken up with problem descriptions among those with greater outcome improvements. There was also a significant reduction in the proportion of the session spent describing problems in the session directly prior to a sudden gain, as compared with the previous session. Conversely, clients with better outcomes made more positive evaluations of themselves and therapy, noticed more positive changes and made more contributions to structuring interactions at initial sessions. Specific early interaction types predict session‐by‐session outcomes and precede sudden gains in rCBT for SHA.
Filtered‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation for multiservice wireless communication systems
Authors: Chandran K Syam , C K Ali 
Published: December 2020

SummaryMultiservices with diverse communication requirements are the main characteristics of 5G and beyond wireless communication systems. In order to meet these diverse requirements, flexible numerology is introduced by standardization bodies. In multiservice communication, the total bandwidth is divided into a number of subbands, and for each subband, different numerologies are assigned based on their requirements. But this flexible numerology introduces inter‐subband interference due to the non‐orthogonality of different numerologies. In this paper, we propose an efficient method based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with index modulation (IM) to effectively mitigate inter‐subband interference in multiservice wireless communication systems. Index modulation is utilized to activate a fraction of subcarriers in the subband to reduce the inter‐subband interference while filtering is done on top of index modulation to further reduce the interference leakage. The proposed method has the capability to control the inter‐subband interference by varying the number of active subcarriers in the subband. Interference analysis for the proposed method is also carried out and validated through simulations. The superior performance of the proposed method is verified and compared with existing methods for multiservice wireless communication systems.
QuoVidi: An open‐source web application for the organization of large‐scale biological treasure hunts
Authors: Lobet Guillaume , Descamps Charlotte , Leveau Lola , Guillet Alain , Rees Jean‐François 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLearning biology, and in particular systematics, requires learning a substantial amount of specific vocabulary, both for botanical and zoological studies. While crucial, the precise identification of structures serving as evolutionary traits and systematic criteria is not per se a highly motivating task for students. Teaching this in a traditional teaching setting is quite challenging especially with a large crowd of students to be kept engaged. This is even more difficult if, as during the COVID‐19 crisis, students are not allowed to access laboratories for hands‐on observation on fresh specimens and sometimes restricted to short‐range movements outside their home. Here, we present QuoVidi, a new open‐source web platform for the organization of large‐scale treasure hunts. The platform works as follows: students, organized in teams, receive a list of quests that contain morphologic, ecologic, or systematic terms. They have to first understand the meaning of the quests, then go and find them in the environment. Once they find the organism corresponding to a quest, they upload a geotagged picture of their finding and submit this on the platform. The correctness of each submission is evaluated by the staff. During the COVID‐19 lockdown, previously validated pictures were also submitted for evaluation to students that were locked in low‐biodiversity areas. From a research perspective, the system enables the creation of large image databases by the students, similar to citizen science projects. Beside the enhanced motivation of students to learn the vocabulary and perform observations on self‐found specimens, this system allows instructors to remotely follow and assess the work performed by large numbers of students. The interface is freely available, open‐source and customizable. Unlike existing naturalist platforms, allows the educators to fully customize the quests of interest. This enables the creation of multiple teaching scenarios, without being bound to a fixed scope. QuoVidi can be used in other disciplines with adapted quests and we expect it to be of interest in many classroom settings.
Variation in synchrony of production among species, sites, and intertidal zones in coastal marshes
Authors: Liu Wenwen , Pennings Steven C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSpatially synchronous population dynamics are important to ecosystem functioning and have several potential causes. By looking at synchrony in plant productivity over 18 yr across two elevations in three types of coastal marsh habitat dominated by different clonal plant species in Georgia, USA, we were able to explore the importance of plant species and different habitat conditions to synchrony. Synchrony was highest when comparing within a plant species and within a marsh zone, and decreased across species, with increasing distance, and with increasing elevational differences. Abiotic conditions that were measured at individual sites (water column temperature and salinity) also showed high synchrony among sites, and in one case (salinity) decreased with increasing distance among sites. The Moran effect (synchronous abiotic conditions among sites) is the most plausible explanation for our findings. Decreased synchrony between creekbank and mid‐marsh zones, and among habitat types (tidal fresh, brackish, and salt marsh) was likely due in part to different exposure to abiotic conditions and in part to variation in sensitivity of dominant plant species to these abiotic conditions. We found no evidence for asynchrony among species, sites or zones, indicating that one habitat type or zone will not compensate for poor production in another during years with low productivity; however, tidal fresh, brackish. and salt marsh sites were also not highly synchronous with each other, which will moderate productivity variation among years at the landscape level due to the portfolio effect. We identified the creekbank zone as more sensitive than the mid‐marsh to abiotic variation and therefore as a priority for monitoring and management.
Sustainable development of China's smart energy industry based on artificial intelligence and low‐carbon economy
Authors: Shi Chunxue , Feng Xiwen , Jin Zhennan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWith the continuous advancement of urbanization, the contradiction between urban development and environmental resources has become increasingly prominent, and environmental pollution has become increasingly serious. To fundamentally solve the problems of environment, energy, and low carbon, we must rely on the intelligence of energy. This paper aims to study the sustainable development of China's intelligent energy industry based on artificial intelligence and low‐carbon economy. In view of the problems existing in the optimization of power generation industry, this paper uses the annual load, electricity price, weather, and climate data of a southern power grid, uses the statistical variation particle swarm optimization algorithm, uses the historical runoff and rainfall data to optimize it, and studies the analysis methods, characteristics and laws of short‐term load, electricity price and runoff, as well as the uncertain factors affecting their changes. The experimental results show that the predicted price is close to the actual price, and the median error of each period is <1% in statistical analysis, so the forecast value can be used to replace the actual value for scheduling. This method makes full use of the adaptive mutation in the late stage of particle optimization, and introduces the mechanism of particle size selection, which fully ensures the diversity of particles and improves the search ability of particles.