bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TBIO-19. INTEGRATED GENOMIC, PROTEOMIC AND PHOSPHOPROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF SEVEN TYPES OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN CANCER
Authors: Petralia Francesca , Tignor Nicole , Rykunov Dmitri , Revas Boris , Chowdhury Shrabanti , Krek Azra , Raman Pichae , Ji Jiayi , Zhu Yuankun , Ma Weiping , Song Xiaoyu , Fenyo David , Gygi Steven , Ivey Richard , Iavarone Antonio , Whiteaker Jeffrey , Colaprico Antonio , Nesvizhskii Alexey , Rodriguez Henry , Paulovich Amanda , Hiltke Tara , Resnick Adam , Wang Pei , Rood Brian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We performed a comprehensive proteogenomic analysis across seven childhood brain tumors for a deeper understanding of their functional biology. Whole genome sequencing, RNAseq, quantitative proteomic profiling and phosphoproteomics were performed on 219 fresh frozen tumor samples representing the histologic diagnoses of: low grade astrocytoma (93), ependymoma (32), high grade astrocytoma (26), medulloblastoma (22), ganglioglioma (18), craniopharyngioma (16) and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (12). Unsupervised clustering analysis based on proteomics data reveals eight clusters with distinct protein profiles and pathway activities. While some clusters coincide with histologic diagnoses, a couple of clusters appear to be a mixture of different diagnoses, including one cluster consisting of “aggressive” tumors characterized by poor survival and high stemness scores. By integrating proteomic data with RNAseq and WGS data, we characterize the impact of mutations (H3K27M, BRAFV600E, BRAF fusion) and CNVs upon the proteome across various diagnoses. Multiomics based kinase-substrate association analysis and co-expression network analysis reveal targetable active kinase networks within these tumors. Proteomic data reveals unique biology associated with H3K27M mutation status in HGG and BRAF aberrations in LGG. Characterization of the tumor microenvironment through deconvolution analyses based on multi-omics data reveals 5 distinct tumor clusters associated with different populations of infiltrating immune cells and the relative activity of the immune system based upon the expression of pro-inflammation or immunosuppressive markers. This study reports the first large-scale deep comprehensive proteogenomic analysis crossing traditional histologic boundaries to uncover foundational pediatric brain tumor biology including functional insight that helps drive translational efforts.
THER-03. IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF CANNABIDIOL ON PAEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOUR CELL LINES USING A PULSED TREATMENT REGIME
Authors: Faulkes Sophie , Lockwood George , O’Sullivan Saoirse E , Grundy Richard G , Storer Lisa C D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Paediatric brain tumours are the second most common cancer after haematological malignancies. Intermittent dosing regimens are typical for chemotherapy drugs in order to avoid excessive damage to organs and avoid the onset of late effects. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been shown to have cytotoxic properties on paediatric brain tumour cell lines. Although CBD is far less toxic and damaging than the classical chemotherapy options which are currently available to children suffering with brain tumours, there are some possible side effects. Given that the half-life of the drug is 24 hours, it was important to establish the nature of the effect of cumulative dosing on top of the remaining drug in the system. The pHGG cell line, SF188 was cultured in different concentrations of CBD with either 1, 2 or 3 doses being given on consecutive days. 24 hours after the last dose the cells were analysed using the resazurin assay. It was observed that the amount of drug required for an EC50 to be obtained decreased; 17.6µM (1 dose), 8µM (2 doses), 5µM (3 doses) and that cell survival was reduced to nearly 0% in those cells which received multiple does of CBD at 17.6µM. In order to mimic the intermittent dosing regime, the cells were returned to the incubator for 4 days before the resazurin assay was repeated. The decrease in viability was maintained over the extended culture period meaning that the ability of even the apparent “healthy” cells to proliferate had been permanently affected.
Management of recurrent or progressive spinal metastases: reirradiation techniques and surgical principles
Authors: Kotecha Rupesh , Dea Nicolas , Detsky Jay S , Sahgal Arjun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
With the growing incidence of new cases and the increasing prevalence of patients living longer with spine metastasis, a methodological approach to the management of patients with recurrent or progressive disease is increasing in relevance and importance in clinical practice. As a result, disease management has evolved in these patients using advanced surgical and radiotherapy technologies. Five key goals in the management of patients with spine metastases include providing pain relief, controlling metastatic disease at the treated site, improving neurologic deficits, maintaining or improving functional status, and minimizing further mechanical instability. The focus of this review is on advanced reirradiation techniques, given that the majority of patients will be treated with upfront conventional radiotherapy and further treatment on progression is often limited by the cumulative tolerance of nearby organs at risk. This review will also discuss novel surgical approaches such as separation surgery, minimally invasive percutaneous instrumentation, and laser interstitial thermal therapy, which is increasingly being coupled with spine reirradiation to maximize outcomes in this patient population. Lastly, given the complexities of managing recurrent spinal disease, this review emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary care from neurosurgery, radiation oncology, medical oncology, neuro-oncology, rehabilitation medicine, and palliative care.
Neuro-Oncology Practice resources for optimizing care and practice in spinal oncology
Authors: Chakravarthy Vikram B , Grabowski Matthew M , Benzel Edward C , Benzil Deborah L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As the diagnosis and treatment of systemic cancers continues to improve, increased patient survival has resulted in a rise in the number of patients who develop spinal metastases (SM). Within many areas of oncology, utilization of multidisciplinary care models in the management and decision making of SM patients has proven effective for optimizing care and improving patient safety. Three main goals of an effective clinical pathway include improving outcomes and quality, improving the patient experience, and lowering cost. This paper outlines the strategies employed to optimally establish such a collaborative program for the management of patients with SM, as well as direct providers in and out of the field, patients and caregivers, and practice managers to the appropriate resources.
The importance of multidisciplinary care for spine metastases: initial tumor management
Authors: Newman William Christopher , Patel Ankur , Goldberg Jacob L , Bilsky Mark H 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Spine metastases are very common in cancer patients often requiring urgent assessment and the initiation of therapy. Treatment paradigms have changed exponentially over the past decade with the evolution and integration of stereotactic body radiotherapy, minimally invasive spine techniques, and systemic options including biologics and checkpoint inhibitors. These advances necessitate multidisciplinary assessments and interventions to optimize outcomes. The NOMS framework provides a mechanism for all practitioners to evaluate the 4 sentinel assessments required to make decisions in patients with spine metastases: Neurologic, Oncologic, Mechanical Stability, and Systemic disease. The NOMS framework is continuously updated with the integration of newer technologies and evidence-based medicine as they become available. This paper presents the current iteration of NOMS with a focus on the role of medical and neuro-oncologists in the assessment and treatment of metastatic spine tumors.
Late diagnosis of isolated central diabetes insipidus secondary to congenital toxoplasmosis—case report
Authors: Omer Tahir , Khan Mustafa , Western Thomas 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTCongenital toxoplasmosis is an uncommon infection. Hypothalamic/pituitary involvement leading to isolated central diabetes insipidus is extremely rare. Making a correct diagnosis of this condition, albeit challenging, is crucial for adequate management. We present a 54-year-old female who developed central diabetes insipidus as a complication of congenital toxoplasmosis. She had polydipsia and hypernatraemia on presentation and responded to intranasal desmopressin with normalization of above-mentioned findings. Magnetic resonance imaging and cranial X-ray’s showed pronounced intracranial calcifications in both choroid plexuses. Thyroid function tests, serum cortisol level and anterior pituitary function were all normal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of isolated diabetes insipidus due to congenital toxoplasmosis in literature diagnosed late in adulthood and gives an insight into the challenges of diagnosing central diabetes insipidus and the hypothalamic/pituitary involvement in cases of congenital toxoplasmosis.
Incidental diagnosis of 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency: a case report
Authors: Ammar Rasha , Ramadan Ahmad 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
A 17 alpha-hydroxylase deficiency (17OHD) is a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). In this article we discuss a case of 8-year-old girl presented with upper respiratory infection symptoms and a history of hospital admission of fatigue and dehydration. She was incidentally found to have hypertension and hypokalemia. After an endocrine workup her biochemical tests showed: metabolic alkalosis, low levels of cortisol, high levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) with normal female phenotype and (46,XY) karyotype. These findings led to the diagnosis of 17OHD confirmed by regression of hypertension and hypokalemia with hydrocortisone prescription. This case shows the importance of vital signs measurement, medical history and commitment to a systematic approach.
Immunization with a heat-killed bacterium,Mycobacterium vaccaeNCTC 11659, prevents the development of cortical hyperarousal and a PTSD-like sleep phenotype after sleep disruption and acute stress in mice
Authors: Bowers Samuel J , Lambert Sophie , He Shannon , Lowry Christopher A , Fleshner Monika , Wright Kenneth P , Turek Fred W , Vitaterna Martha H 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStudy ObjectivesSleep deprivation induces systemic inflammation that may contribute to stress vulnerability and other pathologies. We tested the hypothesis that immunization with heat-killed Mycobacterium vaccae NCTC 11659 (MV), an environmental bacterium with immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, prevents the negative impacts of 5 days of sleep disruption on stress-induced changes in sleep, behavior, and physiology in mice.MethodsIn a 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design, male C57BL/6N mice were given injections of either MV or vehicle on days –17, –10, and –3. On days 1–5, mice were exposed to intermittent sleep disruption, whereby sleep was disrupted for 20 h per day. Immediately following sleep disruption, mice were exposed to 1-h social defeat stress or novel cage (control) conditions. Object location memory (OLM) testing was conducted 24 h after social defeat, and tissues were collected 6 days later to measure inflammatory markers. Sleep was recorded using electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) throughout the experiment.ResultsIn vehicle-treated mice, only the combination of sleep disruption followed by social defeat (double hit): (1) increased brief arousals and NREM beta (15–30 Hz) EEG power in sleep immediately post-social defeat compared to baseline; (2) induced an increase in the proportion of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep and number of state shifts for at least 5 days post-social defeat; and (3) induced hyperlocomotion and lack of habituation in the OLM task. Immunization with MV prevented most of these sleep and behavioral changes.ConclusionsImmunization with MV ameliorates a stress-induced sleep and behavioral phenotype that shares features with human posttraumatic stress disorder.
Finding Resonance Amid Trauma: Moral Injury and the Role of Religion Among Christian Post-9/11 U.S. Veterans
Authors: Suitt Thomas Howard 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecent scholarship examines the relationship between moral injury and religion but rarely analyzes social processes at work therein. This article uses data from interviews with 47 post-9/11 veterans who once or currently identified as Christian to explore how religious beliefs and practices preempt, mitigate, or exacerbate moral injury. While many veterans experienced potentially morally injurious events, the differences between those with moral injury and those without depended on whether they could find resonance with meaning-making toolkits amid trauma. Dissonance stirred by incoherence in one’s moral narrative and betrayal of significant relationships spurred manifestations of moral injury. Those who achieved resonance relied on religious moral frames they brought with them or those supplied by military culture, or they engaged in explicit moral deliberation. This study reveals a complex process of belief maintenance during moral crises that extends and challenges previous examinations of culture in action, resonance, and moral injury.
A randomized feasibility pilot trial of a financial incentives intervention for dietary self-monitoring and weight loss in adults with obesity
Authors: Voils Corrine I , Pendergast Jane , Hale Sarah L , Gierisch Jennifer M , Strawbridge Elizabeth M , Levine Erica , McVay Megan A , Reed Shelby D , Yancy William S , Shaw Ryan J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Financial incentives could be used to improve adherence to behavioral weight loss interventions, increasing their effectiveness. This Phase IIb randomized pilot study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a study protocol for providing financial incentives for dietary self-monitoring and/or weight loss. Community-dwelling adults with obesity were enrolled in a 24 week, group-based weight loss program. Participants were randomized in a 2 × 2 factorial design to receive financial incentives for both dietary self-monitoring and weekly weight loss, just one, or neither. Participants could earn up to $300, evolving from fixed weekly payments to intermittent, variable payments. The notice of reward was provided by text message. The study was conducted in three successive cohorts to evaluate study procedure changes, including dietary approach, recruitment and retention strategies, text messaging, and incentives. Descriptive statistics calculated separately for each cohort described study performance relative to predefined targets for recruitment, including minority representation; retention; adherence; and weight loss. Acceptability was assessed via postintervention qualitative interviews. In Cohort 1 (n = 34), a low-carbohydrate diet was used. Recruitment, retention, adherence, and weight loss were adequate, but minority representation was not. For Cohort 2 (n = 31), employing an additional recruitment method and switching to a reduced-calorie diet yielded adequate recruitment, minority representation, retention, and adherence but less weight loss. Returning to a low-carbohydrate diet in Cohort 3 (n = 28) yielded recruitment, minority representation, retention, adherence, and weight loss similar to Cohort 2. Participant feedback informed changes to text message timing and content and incentive amount. Through successive cohorts, we optimized recruitment and retention strategies and text messaging. An adequately powered trial is warranted to evaluate the efficacy of these incentive structures for reducing weight. The trial registration number is NCT02691260.
The Impact of Parental Pain-attending and Non–pain-attending Responses on Child Pain Behavior in the Context of Cancer-related Painful Procedures
Authors: Rheel Emma , Ickmans Kelly , Caes Line , Vervoort Tine 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
Literature has demonstrated inconsistent findings regarding the impact of parental responses on child pain-related outcomes. Yet, research into factors that may underlie inconsistent findings regarding the variable impact of parental responses is lacking. The current study investigated the moderating role of parental distress in understanding the impact of parental pain-attending (eg, reassuring the child) and non–pain-attending (eg, distracting the child with humor) responses on child pain behavior (eg, crying).

Methods:
Children (18 y and younger) with leukemia, undergoing a lumbar puncture (LP) and/or bone marrow aspiration procedure, and one of their parents, were recruited from the Pediatric Ghent University Hospital. Parent–child interactions were videotaped after the procedure allowing coding of parental responses and child pain behavior. Parents self-reported on experienced personal distress.

Results:
Participants consisted of 42 children (24 boys, 18 girls) with leukemia and one of their parents. Children were 0.6 to 15 (7.08±4.39) years old. Findings indicated a positive association between parental pain-attending and child pain behavior, but only when parents reported high levels of distress (β=0.56, P=0.001). No association was observed for parents reporting low levels of distress (β=−0.09, ns). Parental non–pain-attending responses contributed to lower child pain behavior (β=−0.24, P=0.045), independently of parental distress (β=−0.07, ns).

Discussion:
The current findings point to the moderating role of parental distress in understanding the impact of parental responses on child pain behavior and highlight the importance of interventions targeting parental emotion regulation to promote optimal child pain outcomes.
Addressing Competing Risks When Assessing the Impact of Health Services Interventions on Hospital Length of Stay
Authors: Batomen Brice , Moore Lynne , Strumpf Erin , Nandi Arijit 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Although hospital length of stay is generally modeled continuously, it is increasingly recommended that length of stay should be considered a time-to-event outcome (i.e., time to discharge). Additionally, in-hospital mortality is a competing risk that makes it impossible for a patient to be discharged alive. We estimated the effect of trauma center accreditation on risk of being discharged alive while considering in-hospital mortality as a competing risk. We also compared these results with those from the “naive” approach, with length of stay modeled continuously.

Methods:
Data include admissions to a level I trauma center in Quebec, Canada, between 2008 and 2017. We computed standardized risk of being discharged alive at specific days by combining inverse probability weighting and the Aalen–Johansen estimator of the cumulative incidence function. We estimated effect of accreditation using pre–post, interrupted time series (ITS) analyses, and the “naive” approach.

Results:
Among 5,300 admissions, 12% died, and 83% were discharged alive within 60 days. Following accreditation, we observed increases in risk of discharge between the 7th day (4.5% [95% CI = 2.3, 6.6]) and 30th day since admission 3.8% (95% CI = 1.5, 6.2). We also observed a stable decrease in hospital mortality, –1.9% (95% CI = –3.6, –0.11) at the 14th day. Although pre–post and ITS produced similar results, we observed contradictory associations with the naive approach.

Conclusions:
Treating length of stay as time to discharge allows for estimation of risk of being discharged alive at specific days after admission while accounting for competing risk of death.
Gestational Weight Gain and Long-term Maternal Obesity Risk: A Multiple-Bias Analysis
Authors: Hutchins Franya , Krafty Robert , El Khoudary Samar R. , Catov Janet , Colvin Alicia , Barinas-Mitchell Emma , Brooks Maria M. 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Lifecourse research provides an important framework for chronic disease epidemiology. However, data collection to observe health characteristics over long periods is vulnerable to systematic error and statistical bias. We present a multiple-bias analysis using real-world data to estimate associations between excessive gestational weight gain and mid-life obesity, accounting for confounding, selection, and misclassification biases.

Methods:
Participants were from the multiethnic Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation. Obesity was defined by waist circumference measured in 1996–1997 when women were age 42–53. Gestational weight gain was measured retrospectively by self-recall and was missing for over 40% of participants. We estimated relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of obesity at mid-life for presence versus absence of excessive gestational weight gain in any pregnancy. We imputed missing data via multiple imputation and used weighted regression to account for misclassification.

Results:
Among the 2,339 women in this analysis, 937 (40%) experienced obesity in mid-life. In complete case analysis, women with excessive gestational weight gain had an estimated 39% greater risk of obesity (RR = 1.4, CI = 1.1, 1.7), covariate-adjusted. Imputing data, then weighting estimates at the guidepost values of sensitivity = 80% and specificity = 75%, increased the RR (95% CI) for obesity to 2.3 (2.0, 2.6). Only models assuming a 20-point difference in specificity between those with and without obesity decreased the RR.

Conclusions:
The inference of a positive association between excessive gestational weight gain and mid-life obesity is robust to methods accounting for selection and misclassification bias.
Descemetocele Management With Therapeutic Scleral Lens Wear
Authors: Gelles John D. , Bekerman Vladislav P. , Greenstein Steven A. , Shafiq Misbah , Hersh Peter S. 
Published: December 2020

Objectives:
This case reports on the use of scleral lens therapy for a patient with a descemetocele secondary to exposure and neurotrophic keratopathy.

Methods:
Case report and literature review.

Results:
A 31-year-old man had undergone emergency surgery to repair a ruptured arteriovenous malformation resulting in left facial and trigeminal nerve palsies. The patient reported to our clinic with a central descemetocele secondary to exposure and neurotrophic keratopathy. Given the poor prognosis of a therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty in this case, the descemetocele was treated with therapeutic scleral lens wear. After 1 year, the patient has remained stable without corneal perforation.

Conclusions:
This case illustrates the use of extended scleral lens wear, followed by maintenance with daily scleral lens wear, to manage a descemetocele in a patient with neurotrophic and exposure keratopathy. For patients at high risk of postsurgical complications, therapeutic scleral lens wear may be used as an alternative or as a supplement to corneal transplantation and tarsorrhaphy in patients with descemetocele formation.
Genomics in nursing education
Authors: Seibert Diane 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Genetics/Genomics is a relatively new science. The basic principles were formally described at the end of the 19th century, the physical structure of genes were described in the middle of the 20th century, and the first gene located in the early 1990s. Later, the human genome was sequenced. More and more genes have been located and described and some are now being manipulated. All health professions are struggling to infuse genomic content into the curriculum. This article traces the roots of the undergraduate and graduate nursing competencies and provides a brief review of the literature describing nursing genetic/genomics education.