Six-year study on peripheral venous catheter–associated BSI rates in 262 ICUs in eight countries of South-East Asia: International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium findings
Authors: Rosenthal Víctor Daniel , Bat-Erdene Ider , Gupta Debkishore , Rajhans Prasad , Myatra Sheila Nainan , Muralidharan S , Mehta Yatin , Rai Vineya , Hung Nguyen Viet , Luxsuwong Montri , Tapang Audrey Rose D , Guo Xiuqin , Trotter Andrew , Kharbanda Mohit , Rodrigues Camilla , Dwivedy Arpita , Shah Sweta , Poojary Aruna , Todi Subhash Kumar , Chabukswar Supriya , Bhattacharyya Mahuya , Ramachandran Bala , Ramakrishnan Nagarajan , Purkayasta Sujit Kar , Sakle Asmita Sagar , Kumar Siva , Warrier Anup R , Kavathekar Maithili Satish , Sahu Samir , Mubarak Aisha , Modi Nikhil , Jaggi Namita , Gita Nadimpalli , Mishra Shakti Bedanta , Sahu Suneeta , Jawadwala Burhan , Zala Dolatsinh , Zompa Tenzin , Mathur Purva , Nirkhiwale Suhas , Vadi Sonali , Singh Sanjeev , Agarwal Manoj , Sen Nagamani , Karlekar Anil , Punia DP , Kumar Suresh , Gopinath Ramachadran , Nair Pravin Kumar , Gan Chin Seng , Chakravarthy Murali , Sandhu Kavita , Kambam Chandrika , Mohanty Salil Kumar , Varaiya Ami , Pandya Nirav , Subhedar Vaibhavi R , Vanajakshi MR , Singla Deepak , Tuvshinbayar M , Patel Mayur , Ye Guxiang , Lum Lucy Chai See , Zaini Rhendra Hardy Mohamad , Batkhuu Byambadorj , Dayapera Kimberley M , Nguyet Le Thu , Berba Regina , Buenaflor Maria Carmen SG , Ng Josephine Anne , Siriyakorn Nirada , Thu Le Thi Anh 
Published: May 2020

Background: Short-term peripheral venous catheter–associated bloodstream infection rates have not been systematically studied in Asian countries, and data on peripheral venous catheter–associated bloodstream infections incidence by number of short-term peripheral venous catheter days are not available. Methods: Prospective, surveillance study on peripheral venous catheter–associated bloodstream infections conducted from 1 September 2013 to 31 May 2019 in 262 intensive care units, members of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium, from 78 hospitals in 32 cities of 8 countries in the South-East Asia Region: China, India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. For this research, we applied definition and criteria of the CDC NHSN, methodology of the INICC, and software named INICC Surveillance Online System. Results: We followed 83,295 intensive care unit patients for 369,371 bed-days and 376,492 peripheral venous catheter-days. We identified 999 peripheral venous catheter–associated bloodstream infections, amounting to a rate of 2.65/1000 peripheral venous catheter-days. Mortality in patients with peripheral venous catheter but without peripheral venous catheter–associated bloodstream infections was 4.53% and 12.21% in patients with peripheral venous catheter–associated bloodstream infections. The mean length of stay in patients with peripheral venous catheter but without peripheral venous catheter–associated bloodstream infections was 4.40 days and 7.11 days in patients with peripheral venous catheter and peripheral venous catheter–associated bloodstream infections. The microorganism profile showed 67.1% were Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (22.9%), Klebsiella spp (10.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.3%), Enterobacter spp. (4.5%), and others (23.7%). The predominant Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (11.4%). Conclusions: Infection prevention programs must be implemented to reduce the incidence of peripheral venous catheter–associated bloodstream infections.