bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainability of Construction Companies under Construction Uncertainty and Risks
Authors: Abramov I 
Published: March 2020

AbstractModern competitive conditions, economic crisis phenomena and an overall decline in business activity significantly influence the self-regulation of a construction company. This paper is aimed at the following: an author’s definition of the building system stability as the ability to function effectively under changing competitive market environment conditions and the construction volume (load) uncertainty (production and technology, supply and sales, financial sustainability, etc.) The paper presents a simulation of the construction company stability by choosing mutually related rational indicator prediction values - construction indicators regarding the risks of achieving its activity goals meeting the requirements to acceptable process variability. To assess and manage the construction company stability, a classification of risks is given. An algorithm was developed for a set of management decisions to minimize the consequences of external risks. The author’s research findings suggest the following conclusions:- Various types of external risks are the most likely and significant possible damage on construction companies.- At the construction planning stage, to minimize the possible consequences of external risks and uncertainty, organizational and technical measures should be developed.- The main organizational and technical measures to quickly respond to reducing (losing) the stability of construction companies, minimizing the consequences of external risks and construction production uncertainty with regard to the Pareto principle should consist in the practical implementation of a set of measures to align the changed production load with the parameters of the construction company’s production potential - first of all, the specialization level and production capacity.
Investigation of Diopside Rocks from Deposits of the «Aldanslyuda» Mining and Processing Plant as a Raw Material for Concrete Production
Authors: Vasilyeva A A , Fedorova G D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of studies of diopside rocks collected from the“Aldanslyuda” mining and processing plant dumps as aggregates for the production of heavy-weight and sand concretes. The presented data shows that the average chemical composition of these diopside rocks is on: SiO2 - 46.38%, CaO2 - 16.53% and MgO2 - 15.30%. The low content of magnesium and calcium dioxides indicates that even when the specific surface area is incriesed to 5000 cm2/g and above, the diopside will only work as a filler. The mineralogical composition of rocks is represented by diopside, actinolite and pargasite. It was found that it is more efficient to use diopside rocks as an aggregate to produce concrete. By testing the crushed stone of a mixture of a fraction from 5 to 20 mm and sand from sifting of crushing solid stone, it was shown that these diopside rocks are suitable as aggregates to produce heavy-weight and sand concretes of strength class up to 60 MPa. To consider the possibility of using them to obtain high-strength concretes, it is necessary to conduct more experimantal research
Temperature Dependence of Unfrozen Water Quantity in Clay Soil with Different Moisture Content
Authors: Timofeev A M , Kravtsova O N , Protodyakonova N A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We have investigated the relationship between the unfrozen quantity and total moisture content in clay soils in hygroscopic humidity region. To determine the unfrozen water quantity the method of continuous heat supply has been used (calorimetric method). Because crystallization heat of hygroscopic water in soil and that of volume water and different, the crystallization heat of soil water has been determined first during the experiment as a function of moisture and temperature, then it has been used to calculate the quantity of unfrozen water. It has been found that the dependence of unfrozen water quantity on total moisture content is more pronounced at low ice content and is not evident at all when it increases. In this case the dependence of unfrozen water quantity on total moisture content is of more complex pattern than that of the kind at high humidity. Besides the dependence is moistly evident at low ice content and becomes extinct at ice content increasing.
Cleaning of Thermal Equipment from Scale with Activated Water
Authors: Zakharychev S P , Pozynich K P , Telnova S V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The problem of scale and corrosive action reducing the heat interchange of thermal equipment heating elements explains the ongoing search for means and methods of dealing with these phenomena. The paper analyzes the modern technology for controlling scale and corrosion, as well as nature of water activation. The possibility of reagent-free control of water properties in various technological processes by means of activation is investigated. The technology of cleaning the internal surfaces of thermal equipment and pipelines with thermodynamically (energetically) activated water is considered in detail.
Simulation of a Transport Standby for Ensuring Safe Heat Supply Systems Operation
Authors: Sazonova S A , Nikolenko S D , Osipov A A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The process of development a transport (parametric) standby for cities and other settlements heat supply systems in cases of increasing pipeline diameters with constant network configuration is studied. The formation of a standby can ensure uninterrupted and safe operation of heat supply systems. Safe operation is supposed to be ensured through analysis and prevention of possible emergency situations. The development of the transport standby mathematical models is based on the energy equivalence of subscriber subsystems of heat supply systems, which distinguishes the obtained mathematical models from existing analogues. To evaluate the impact of parametric optimization results on economic indicators, a computational experiment was conducted. As an object of study, the design scheme of a residential neighborhood was considered. An analysis of the computational experiment results proved the efficiency of the obtained transport standby mathematical models for running heat supply systems. It is possible to provide transport standby for systems of any sizes and configurations or for the studied fragments of these systems. For practical use, it is of interest to calculate the parametric standby of individual houses with autonomous boiler rooms.
Effect of Ice on the Heat-Moisture Regime of Soil Foundation of Gas Pipeline
Authors: Permyakov P P , Vinokurova T A , Popov G G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Operation of long-haul trunk pipelines in permafrost areas has shown that they undergo various negative processes, such as sweating, thermokarst, ice formation, etc. Especially in the mountainous areas, crossing the water barrier, in the wintertime ground is covered with ice. The interaction of pipelines with ice is not well researched. The purpose of this work is the numerical simulation of the heat-moisture regime of the soil base of the gas pipeline during the formation of ice. A mathematical model of heat and moisture transfer taking into account the actual process of freezing-thawing of the pore solution of soil is given. For mathematical modelling, a numerical experiment was performed to restore the heat flow of the icy valley using the method of solving boundary inverse heat conduction problems. As a result of a numerical experiment, it was established that the permafrost groundwater increases the average annual temperature of the soil around the pipeline and has a warming effect. During long-term operation of a gas pipeline with a positive temperature, the temperature of the soil base rises, but the thawing halo around the gas pipeline is small, which depends on the depth and thickness of pipe insulation.
Autoclave Synthesis of Composite Cements on Magnesium Silicates
Authors: Moskvitina L V , Moskvitin S G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The use of various mineral additives in the production of cements and concretes is one of the urgent tasks of building materials science, as it reduces the consumption of Portland cement clinker, the production of which is accompanied by a large consumption of electricity and the release of CO2 during its production. The use of mixed cements reduces not only the cost of building materials, but also solves the environmental safety of the environment. The work is devoted to the development of composite cements using mineral additives - dunite of one of the widespread magnesia rocks in Central Aldan (Yakutia). Dunit composes inagli Massif and is located in the industrially developed area of Central Aldan. Petrographic and thermographic studies became the basis for the preliminary preparation of the charge. Pre-annealing, fine joint grinding and additional mechanical activation of the charge are applied. Selected resource-saving, optimal mode of autoclave synthesis of composite binder. It is shown that the autoclave synthesis was able to obtain a high-strength cement stone twice the strength of the cement stone from Portland cement PC 500. It is found that increasing the mechanical strength of the products curing at autoclave composite binders the synthesis achieved by the introduction of a system of micro - silicates of magnesium (serpentinization of dunite). At the same time, finely ground and pre-annealed magnesium silicates perform the role of a micro-filler in the system, contributing to an increase in the density of the formed stone, and the active component involved in the formation of a strong crystallization structure.
Composite Cements with Mineral Additives of Intrusive and Metamorphic Rocks of Central Aldan (Yakutia)
Authors: Moskvitina L V , Moskvitin S G , Vasilieva A V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The creation of new compositions with mineral additives requires fundamental research of the chemical activity of mineral additives. As an active mineral additive used waste production of chromdiopside and phlogopite –dunite and diopside Aldan region (Yakutia). The use of overburden reduces the cost of production of building materials and improves the environmental situation in the region. The obtained dependence of the strength developed in cements, their composition, preparation of the raw mix, modes of curing and keeping maturing. For the first time, using a set of technological approaches including pre-annealing, mechanical activation and autoclave synthesis, a high-strength composite cement with additives of magnesium silicates exceeding the strength of Portland cement by 56.8% was obtained. In our previous experiments, the introduction of up to 40% diopside in Portland cement did not increase the strength of the cement stone due to the chemical inertness of the additive. Magnesium chloride - MgCl2 was used for mixing in order to activate hydration. It is shown that the high rate of formation of the solid phase during the closure with magnesium chloride leads to the development of stresses and strains leading to a decrease in strength in the later stages of hardening. The optimal technological approach is water mixing and autoclave synthesis. Possible consumers can be cement plants, enterprises for the production of building materials, representatives of medium and small businesses, as well as enterprises of the mining industry interested in the disposal of waste production.
Influence of the Phase Transitions of Water in Permafrost on Natural and Technological Electromagnetic Fields
Authors: Efremov V N 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Frozen ground deformations, resulting from the volumetric changes, associated with the phase changes of water are accompanied by the phenomenon of electromagnetic emission. Based on monitoring data from an experimental site near Yakutsk, this study has shown that the vertical component of magnetic field strength increases at low frequencies in the spectrum of accepted signals in the spring and autumn periods. Seasonal increases in the natural electromagnetic field are attributed to electromagnetic emission which is observed in the frequency range 5-300 kHz when permafrost soils thaw or freeze. Monitoring data on the seasonal increase of natural and technological fields, strength at low frequencies, are presented. In sandy soils, the relative increase of the natural field was 543 % during thawing in May and 208 % during freezing in October. The relative increase of the field strength of a radio station was 1014 % in May and 178% in October. Electromagnetic emission in sandy soils was found to result in a twice higher relative increase in natural magnetic field strength upon thawing than upon freezing. The relative increase in magnetic field strength of radio stations is six times greater during spring thawing compared to autumn freezing. This is explained by better conditions for radio wave distribution on the line during the spring
Ceramic Composition Material with Mullite Crystals Obtained from the Clayy Raw Material of Yakutia
Authors: Lebedev M P , Tagrov V N , Lukin E S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the manufacture of modern structural ceramic materials from clay and loam deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The importance and relevance of the development of the production of building materials from local raw materials is emphasized, since this will certainly affect the effectiveness of the construction complex as a whole. The successful development of the construction complex is capable of not only stimulating growth in all sectors of the economy, but also contributes to solving the most pressing social problems. Today, Yakutia has huge reserves of mineral raw materials for the production of a wide range of building materials and products. Of practical interest are wall materials made from clay soils. Given the features of the region’s raw material base, this work focuses on additional processing of traditional material. Controlling the complex physicochemical and structural-mechanical transformations that occur during heat treatment, a methodology has been developed for creating a composite material that will allow competitive innovative materials with enhanced strength properties to be produced with a reinforcing element with a glassy phase matrix of mullite crystals. The fabricated samples have a wide range of physical and mechanical properties and allow using it as a high-quality structural building ceramics, as well as industrial floor technical tile.
Criteria of the Influence of Climatic Factors on the Condition of Frozen Foundations by Geophysical Data
Authors: Efremov V N 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Apparent resistivity in the frequency range of 100-1000 kHz and soil electromagnetic emission parameters in the frequency range of 1-300 kHz are proposed to be used as criteria for assessing the influence of climatic factors on the condition of permafrost foundations. The addition of traditional measurements of soils temperature by measurements of their apparent resistivity raises information maintenance of monitoring. The joint consideration of effective resistance and temperatures gives more complete representation about changes of a soils condition, climatic factors, occurring as result of influence. By monitoring apparent resistivities, it is possible not only to assess the degree of soil freezing, but also to take into account changes in volumetric ice content (moisture content) and other physical properties. Apparent resistivity can also be used to detect and estimate the influence of such climatic factors, as rainfall and snow depth. The phenomenon of electromagnetic emission in frozen ground is shown to be an indicator of on-going processes of thawing or freezing. Electromagnetic emission parameters are thus useful for assessing intensity and duration of soil thawing and freezing.
Selection Criteria for Heat Exchangers for Hot Water Systems
Authors: Kitaytseva E Kh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article provides an analysis of existing solutions for choosing shell-and-tube heat exchangers for the needs of hot water supply. When constructing a mathematical model of heat transfer, an approximation of the criterial dependencies describing this process was used. The error estimation of approximating dependencies is presented. The mathematical model of heat balance was used in a numerical experiment. The significance of the influence on the heat transfer efficiency of the parameters of the heat exchanger was established by the results of a numerical experiment. The results of a numerical experiment made it possible to develop criteria for choosing heat exchangers. Keywords: hot water supply, heat exchanger, mathematical modeling, selection criteria
Influence on the Microclimate of the Number of People at Different Occupancy Temples
Authors: Shchukina T V , Drapalyuk N A , Zherlykina M N , Sheps R A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Heat, water and gas supply in temples and churches are considered, taking into account the different number of people present at the Liturgy and burning candles. The formulas for determining the above-listed proceeds from paraffin candles depending on the mass of single instances. For the reconstructed Church of St. John, the Baptist at Holy Protection Cathedral in the city of Voronezh is designed of harmful emissions, and air exchange for their assimilation at different occupancy rates and given the average statistics of bought room of candles. Expressions for summary determine the total heat and moisture depending on the number of parishioners. It is recommended to use split and multi-split air conditioning systems in reconstructed and restored churches without disturbing the aesthetics of frescoes and the location of icons. The cooling capacity of such installations should be selected to ensure the required parameters of the microclimate with the occupancy of temples less than 75 % of the calculated taking into account the regulatory requirements for individual volume.
Temperature and Humidity Conditions of Archives Building under Variable Heat Impacts
Authors: Molostova I E , Vyatkina S D , Plotnikov A S , Ulyanova J S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Temperature and humidity conditions in archives building was considered under variable heat impacts. The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of humidity and indoor air temperature on the intensity of building envelopes drying. Experimental data was analyzed with the operating central air conditioner. A method of building envelopes drying by variable heating conditions with simultaneous sorption of moisture from the indoor air was suggested.
The Combined Method of Arrangement of Pile Foundations in the Permafrost Zone
Authors: Mestnikov V V , Mestnikova I V 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The subject of the study is the development of rational types of foundations in the permafrost zone. The use of a combined method of arrangement of pile foundations, which provides for a combination of drilling and bored methods and seasonal cooling devices (SOU), is proposed. The greatest efficiency of using combined piles can be obtained when designing shallow foundations that are most susceptible to the effects of tangential forces of frost heaving and when calculating which not only the bearing capacity of the piles, but also the resistance to these tangential forces is taken into account. The Frost 3D software package performed mathematical modeling of the dynamics of the temperature field of the soil mass. The use of combined piles as building foundations will allow to achieve a significant economic effect: increase the bearing capacity of foundations, reduce its cost, reduce construction time, save materials and improve the quality of construction (the upper part of the combined piles is manufactured in the factory, undergoes thorough acceptance control, respectively, in the active the layer where the reinforced concrete structures are most susceptible to destruction, a high-quality cancer-free material is installed wines and cracks that can not be guaranteed when the process device bored pile foundations).
Analysis of the Stored Composition of the “Lazurny” Park in the Artek of the Republic of Crimea
Authors: Leonova V A , Leonov L A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article briefly contains references to the history of the incorporation of Crimea to Russia, historical and archival expertise on the trendy Russian resort Suuk-Su, on the territory of which the park “Lazurny” of the International Children’s Center “Artek” is currently located. Results of inventory of park compositions are given on the basis of preserved 35 fragments from old-age trees, which have description. All historical landings have actual confirmation. The article mentions the methodology of research, at the end are giving the conclusions. The text is illustrated with 6 historical photographs and one - modern.
The Development of a Comfortable Urban Environment on the Example of Ekaterinburg City
Authors: Vlasova M F , Larionova V A , Stepanova N R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The creating of comfortable, safe living environment is the desire of all citizens and the population of the city. The successful way to create a new image of the cities (territories with huge potential) is to use a systematic approach. A comfortable urban environment will allow citizens to spend more time in the street, recharging with positive and wonderful mood. To get effective interactions, it would be good to concentrate the efforts of the city administration, expert communities, local activists and active citizens together to solve urban problems. Public spaces are one of the directions to develop a comfortable city environment. With them it will be possible to reprogram and integrate the historical solutions into the modern ones. The old place will get a new life. In this way small changes will lead to a tremendous transformation. To identify areas that require improvement we must do urban environment analysis. As an applied aspect, the rationale for the improvement of the Stone Tents park zone in the Ekaterinburg city is given. The experience gained in the project framework can be used to create a comfortable urban environment in other settlements.
Vertical Distribution of Cs-137 in Soils of Orel Region 30 Years after Chernobyl Accident
Authors: Kulieva G A , Berezkin V Yu , Askarova D A , Anikina EV , Mixajlichenko K Yu , Solovev D B 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The article presents the first results of the study of vertical redistribution of Radiocaesium in different types of agricultural soils of the Orel region, performed in the period 2016-2017. Orel region, one of the 19 regions of Russia, where as a result of the Chernobyl accident (1986) large areas were contaminated with various radionuclides, including Cs-137, with soil contamination level Cs-137 above 1 Ki/km2 (37 kBq/m2). The work was carried out as a private initiative study within the field teaching and scientific practice of the Ecology Faculty of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN). It was found that the main stock of Radiocaesium falls on the top 20 cm of arable soils. Despite the overall reduction in dose over 30 years, Radiocaesium is still traceable to a depth of 40-50 cm, depending on soil type, organic matter content, particle size distribution and other factors.
Microbiological Treatment of High-Coloring Natural Waters
Authors: Popova T , Golovin V , Medved P 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The formation of water quality in water resources depends on a greater number of natural and anthropogenous factors, determining the scheme of water treatment, its manufacturability and reliability at some point. In particular a significant part (over 30%) of surface sources is characterized by a high content of organic substances. This index is integrally estimated by the oxidation and water color. Notably, its magnitude frequently exceeds the maximum allowable concentration (three times or more). The experience of water treatment shows that the processing of such waters is extremely difficult and requires a significant correction of the applied technologies.