bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between depressive symptoms, general psychopathology, and well‐being in patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Weijers Annelies , Rasing Sanne , Creemers Daan , Vermulst Ad , Schellekens Arnt F. A. , Westerhof Gerben J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn mental health care, treatment effects are commonly monitored by symptom severity measures. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between symptom severity and well‐being in the treatment of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsAdult MDD outpatients (n = 77) were administered the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology—Self‐Report (QIDS‐SR), the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ‐45), and the Mental Health Continuum‐Short Form (MHC‐SF) before treatment and 6 months later.ResultsSymptom severity correlated moderately with well‐being at baseline and strongly at follow‐up. Reliable change index scores showed improvement on the QIDS‐SR, OQ‐45, and MHC‐SF in 65%, 59%, and 40%, respectively. A quarter of patients improved in symptom severity but not well‐being (Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology—Self‐Report [IDS‐SR]: 25%; OQ‐45: 24%).ConclusionFindings suggest that symptom severity and subjective well‐being are related, but distinct concepts. Several reasons for the stronger improvements in symptoms than in well‐being are discussed.
Development and psychometric properties of the ADHD‐SCL‐90‐R screening scale for adult ADHD
Authors: Abbass Karen , Corbisiero Salvatore , Stieglitz Rolf‐Dieter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveAdult attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent disorder with serious impairments, but it often remains undetected. The aim of the study was to develop an ADHD screening scale from the Symptom Check‐List‐90‐R (SCL‐90‐R) and describe its psychometric properties. The item selection was based on the ADHD‐specific Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS‐S:L).MethodIn total, 412 subjects of an ADHD Special Consultations Unit were investigated, who completed the SCL‐90‐R, CAARS‐S:L, and ADHD Self‐Rating Behavior Questionnaire.ResultsThe ADHD‐SCL‐90‐R Screening Scale consisted of 16 items with a four‐factor structure, including Inattention/Memory Problems, Hyperactivity/Restlessness, Impulsivity/Emotional Lability, and Problems with Self‐Concept. It showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbachs α = .90) and good convergent validity (r = .57–.59). Sensitivity was 78%, specificity was 56%, and the discriminatory power was acceptable (area under the curve = 0.74).ConclusionThe newly developed ADHD‐SCL‐90‐R Screening Scale showed good psychometric properties, and it has a versatile application in clinical practice.
Days Needed for the Disappearance of a Cough Due to the Use of an Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and Identification of Predisposing Factors Associated With Its Appearance in a Clinical Cohort of Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Fernandez‐Rando Manuel , Herrera María Dolores , Almeida‐González Carmen V. , Grilo Antonio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOur main objective was to investigate the numbers of days necessary for the disappearance of the cough caused by an angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) subsequent to the discontinuation of treatment, and to identify the associated factors that contribute to the appearance of said cough and angioneurotic edema. We studied 1101 patients with hypertension treated with an ACEI for 15 years. A multivariate analysis of binary logistic regression was performed to identify predisposing cough factors. In the 1101 patients treated with ACEI, 270 were diagnosed as having a cough caused by an ACEI (24.5%). The average numbers of days until the cough disappeared was 6.06 ± 1.58 days. The significant predisposing factors of the cough were female sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31‐2.39), previous diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.31‐2.61), and concomitant use of thiazides (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.11‐2.04). Statins were shown as a protective factor (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.51‐0.93). In the case of angioneurotic edema, 25 patients (2.3%) were diagnosed, without significant determinants. Our analysis showed that the cough disappeared in a period of ≤10 days for 96.7% of patients diagnosed with a cough, subsequent to the discontinuation of ACEI treatment. The risk factors identified for the appearance of a cough include female sex, previous obstructive sleep apnea, and concomitant use of thiazides. The use of statins was found to be a protective factor. The incidence of angioneurotic edema in our cohort is greater than that described in the literature.
Bilateral subependymal pseudocysts as a pitfall in diagnosis of absence of the cavum septum pellucidum
Authors: Ozcan Tulin , Lazebnik Noam 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAbsent cavum septum pellucidum in the fetus is a common condition that may be associated with a variety of associated abnormalities. Herein, we present a case to emphasize a new pitfall in the differential diagnosis of the absence of the cavum septum pellucidum (CSP). Prenatal ultrasound views were concerning for partially absent CSP in the third trimester and subependymal pseudocysts (SEC) after a normal CSP visualization in the second trimester. The postnatal MRI demonstrated a normal corpus callosum, normal gyration, normal opthalmic nerves, and isolated SEC blocking the views of cavum septum pellucidum.
A review of the LGBTQ+ work–family interface: What do we know and where do we go from here?
Authors: Murphy Lauren D. , Thomas Candice L. , Cobb Haley R. , Hartman Alexius E. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryWork–family research has blossomed over the past several decades but mostly remains focused on traditional couples and heteronormative individuals. However, research suggests that LGBTQ+ employees face unique challenges, such as discrimination and stigma, that impact their work–family interface in ways that current work–family research may not be fully capturing. We propose a review and synthesis that summarize current LGBTQ+ and work–family literature with four primary goals: (1) identify predictors and outcomes of the work–family interface for LGBTQ+ employees, (2) integrate empirical findings and current theory into a recently developed framework to delineate our understanding of LGBTQ+ work–family experiences, (3) provide direction for future research, and (4) provide recommendations on translating the current findings into practice. Our results identify k = 74 studies that cover the work–family interface and LGBTQ+ individuals. This comprehensive and integrated review will help inform researchers on how to best address unique research questions for LGBTQ+ employees and provide employers with empirical evidence as they develop inclusive policies, cultures, and workforces.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of interday temperature fluctuations across the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Guo Xiangyu , Wang Yunqiang , Wang Lei , Sun Hui , Du Haibo , Wu Zhengfang , He Hongshi , Zhou Weijian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInterday temperature fluctuations (ITFs) have a series of direct and visible impacts on human productivity, daily life, and some rapidly occurring processes in the Earth's critical zones. The Loess Plateau of China (LPC) is characterized by Chinese continental monsoon climate and fragile ecological environment, and thus, is sensitive to ITFs. To evaluate the spatiotemporal distribution of the ITF frequency and level, and the related large‐scale circulation background, we collected daily temperature data from 53 meteorological stations in the LPC for 1961–2015, and calculated the number of days per year in which the average ITF was greater than 1°C (ITFD) and the corresponding variance of the ITF (ITFL). The annual average ITFs were mostly warming; the first half of the year experienced mainly warming, while the second half underwent cooling. The level and frequency of the interday maximum temperature fluctuation contributed greatly to increases in the interday mean temperature fluctuation level and frequency. The spatial distributions of ITFD and ITFL were related to their latitude and longitude. Stations with positive ITFD indicator trends were mostly concentrated in the southwestern LPC, while stations with negative ITFL indicator trends mainly occurred in the northwestern LPC. At an 850 hPa geopotential height, the stronger ITFs in spring more strongly correlated with the Mongolian high and Aleutian low. While at a 500 hPa geopotential height, the ITF were more strongly correlated with the Mongolian high. These results suggest that ITFs are more complex than previously reported and may need to be considered in future climate change assessments.
The spatiotemporal variations of winter severity over North America
Authors: Liu Chang , Feng Song , Huang Wei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWinter severity affects many aspects of life, including traffic, public health, and the behaviour of animals and plants. The newly developed accumulated winter season severity index (AWSSI) is used in this study to examine the changes of winter severity across North America (NA) during recent decades. The results indicated that the winter severity experienced a notable interdecadal transition in 1965, characterized by increasing AWSSI before 1965, and decreasing AWSSI after 1965. This study also investigates the relationship between the winter severity and the atmospheric circulations over NA. The variations of winter severity are mainly controlled by temperature, while the large‐scale forcings (i.e., ENSO, PDO, and NAO) also play an important role. In particular, PDO is mainly associated with the opposite variation of winter severity between the Southeastern United States and Northwestern NA, while the NAO leads to the opposite variation of winter severity between the Eastern United States and Eastern Canada. Under the influence of ENSO, the variations of winter severity over Southern and Interior Alaska, the Pacific Northwest, and the Northern Great Plains are opposed to that over the Southern United States and Northern Canada.
Low frequency global‐scale modes and its influence on rainfall extremes over India: Nonstationary and uncertainty analysis
Authors: Jha Srinidhi , Das Jew , Goyal Manish Kumar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe variability in the extreme rainfall events is of growing concern in the context of climate change. Several high rainfall events have occurred in India in recent years and simulations from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change suggest a rise in extremes. The low‐frequency global‐scale modes/oscillations are widely considered as the significant drivers of inter‐annual variability of the Indian rainfall pattern and extreme rainfall events. To account for climate external forcings, we assessed the influence of El Nino Southern Oscillation, Indian Ocean Dipole and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on extreme precipitation over 24 major river basins of India using the nonstationary extreme value analysis. Moreover, the uncertainty in the parameters of the fitted nonstationary extreme value distribution is assessed using Bayesian inference. It was found that extreme precipitation events in the country are dominated by these oscillations, especially in central India. Moreover, the return levels of high rainfall were found to be intensifying with increasing return period. We also observed that uncertainty in return levels was significant in almost every river basin. The results presented here contribute to a better understanding of the large‐scale climate variability and its impact on high rainfall pattern, which would provide an essential understanding of the rainfall‐induced hazard prevention and enhance the risk management strategy.
Wintertime sea surface temperature front around the Kuroshio Extension and its impact on North Pacific blocking
Authors: Che Zhihui , Yao Yao , Zhong Linhao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe influence of the wintertime sea surface temperature (SST) fronts around the Kuroshio Extension (KE) on North Pacific blocking is analysed using observational and reanalysis data. The dipole pattern of sea surface height anomalies in the KE induces opposite changes in the Kuroshio and Oyashio Extension SST front (KOEF) and the KE SST front. Composite analysis shows that the KOEF may affect the frequency, duration, location, intensity and movement of wintertime North Pacific blocking. A strong (weak) KOEF tends to inhibit (promote) the genesis of atmospheric blocking, which might be due to intensified (weakening) background mid‐latitude zonal wind. In weak‐KOEF years, blocking tends to have a long life cycle, quasi‐stationary state and intensified amplitude. However, when the KOEF is strong, the blocking high tends to move continuously westward with a weakened amplitude. A strong KOEF is conducive to a strengthened anomalous turbulent heat flux release over the front region, localized anchoring of the cut‐off low, and the forcing of a change in the intensity and movement of the blocking dipole. Also investigated are the contributions to cold spells over North America attributable to the North Pacific blockings link with the KOEF.
Multicenter Prospective Evaluation of Parenteral Nutrition Preparation Time and Resource Utilization: 3‐Chamber Bags Compared With Hospital Pharmacy–Compounded Bags
Authors: Cogle Sarah V. , Martindale Robert G. , Ramos Mafalda , Roberti Gregory J. , Roberts Pamela R. , Taylor Kaci , Sacks Gordon S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundParenteral nutrition (PN) is a complex and costly therapy that places significant demands on healthcare resources. Commercially manufactured 3‐chamber bags (3CBs) offer potential time and cost advantages compared with hospital pharmacy–compounded bags (HCBs); however, no data are yet available from studies comparing these delivery systems in US hospitals. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the PN preparation time and resource utilization required for 3CBs compared with HCBs in US hospitals.MethodsA prospective, multicenter, time and motion study was performed to evaluate the time from transcription to completion of PN preparation and costs for 3CBs compared with HCBs. The cost per bag included labor, PN products, medical consumables, and equipment.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐six PN prescriptions were prepared during the study (66 prescriptions for 3CBs and 70 prescriptions for HCBs). The mean ± standard deviation total time required for transcription, review, validation, and preparation of PN was 5.5 ± 1.3 minutes for 3CBs vs 14.3 ± 6.2 minutes for HCBs (P < .001). The mean total cost per PN bag was $81.60 for 3CBs and $131.17 for HCBs (mean difference, −$49.57).ConclusionCommercial 3CBs reduced staff time by 62% and direct costs by 37% compared with HCBs. The results demonstrate that 3CBs offer potential cost‐savings for hospitalized patients who require PN in US hospitals.
Assessing the Effect of Nutrition Therapy on Rehospitalization Rate in Malnourished Pediatric Patients With Chronic Diseases
Authors: Lezo Antonella , Povero Massimiliano , Pradelli Lorenzo , Nigro Emanuela , Plazzotta Claudio , Lagazio Corrado 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition is common among hospitalized children with chronic diseases and increases hospital care needs. The aim of this study is to estimate the clinical consequences of nutrition therapy (NT) after discharge.MethodsA retrospective analysis of all pediatric inpatients with diagnosis of malnutrition hospitalized at our center from January 2017 to February 2018 was conducted. Malnutrition was assessed according to body mass index (BMI) z‐score, routinely recorded in patient's files. The treatment group consists of all patients referred to nutrition assessment and treated by the clinical nutrition team; all the other patients not receiving NT are selected as the control group. The effect of NT on rehospitalization rates, length of stay (LOS), and emergency room (ER) visits was estimated for the total cohort and in a propensity score (PS) matched sample.Results277 malnourished pediatric inpatients were enrolled and analyzed. NT was prescribed in 111 patients (40%). Rehospitalization rate was lower in the treated group (rate ratio [RR] = 0.797; 95% CI, 0.630–1.009); particularly, nonelective hospital admissions are considerably lower (RR = 0.556; 95% CI, 0.325–0.952). The strength of this association increased in the PS‐matched sample. There is no clear evidence of NT's effect on ER visits (RR = 0.892; 95% CI, 0.580–1.373) or LOS per episode (Δ = 1.46 days; 95% CI, –3.39 to 6.31).ConclusionsDetecting and treating malnutrition seems to promptly improve the patients’ clinical course after discharge, reducing the number of subsequent hospitalizations, particularly nonelective ones, probably caused by unresolved, ongoing malnutrition.
Risk factors of post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage in adults
Authors: Inuzuka Yoshiaki , Mizutari Kunio , Kamide Daisuke , Sato Michiya , Shiotani Akihiro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTonsillectomy is an essential surgery and is conducted on both children and adults. However, the risk factors of post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage for adult patients remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage in adult patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 325 adult patients who underwent a tonsillectomy between 2014 and 2018 in our facilities.ResultsThe average age of this study's population was 31.7 ± 10.5 years (range: 19‐70 years), and 250 (76.9%) patients were male. Overall, post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage occurred in 71 (21.8%) patients and 5 (1.5%) patients required a second surgery for hemostasis. Post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage often occurred on postoperative day zero or six. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, current smoking status (odds ratio 3.491; 95% confidence interval 1.813‐6.723), male sex (odds ratio 3.924; 95% confidence interval 1.548‐9.944), and perioperative non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug administration (odds ratio 7.930; 95% confidence interval 1.004‐62.64) were revealed as overall post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage risk factors. To analyze the hemorrhage period after tonsillectomy, we categorized the post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage patients into the primary (bleeding within postoperative day one) and secondary hemorrhage (bleeding on or after postoperative day two) groups. The current smoking status and older age were risk factors for primary hemorrhage and the current smoking status and sex (male) were risk factors for secondary hemorrhage.ConclusionsIn this study, smoking status, sex, and perioperative non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug administration were the clinical risk factors for adult post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage. Thus, smoking cessation is, at least, mandatory for patients who receive tonsillectomy to avoid post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage.Level of Evidence4
Can zooplankton on the North American Great Plains “keep up” with climate‐driven salinity change?
Authors: Elmarsafy Mariam , Tasky Kayla L. , Gray Derek K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Great Plains of North America are projected to become more arid over the next century. Paleolimnological studies show that lake salinity levels in this region are tightly linked with climate, and that lakes will become more saline as the climate becomes drier. One group of organisms that might be affected by increased salinity levels are the zooplankton. Although recent studies suggest that zooplankton can evolve to tolerate small increases in salinity over short time periods, few studies have examined how they respond when experiencing large increases over longer time frames. For this study, we used resurrection ecology to examine how a common zooplankter,Ceriodaphnia dubia, has responded to long‐term salinity change in Moon Lake, North Dakota over the last 150 yrs. We ran experiments to determine the salinity levels that inducedC. dubiaeggs to hatch and we ran toxicity experiments to determine the salinity tolerance of adults. These experiments showed thatC. dubiaeggs hatched in saltier water during periods of drought and in fresher water during wet periods. Similarly, our toxicity experiments showed that EC50 values forC. dubiawere higher during episodes of drought. The presence ofC. dubiaeggs throughout the sediment core during the last 150 yrs combined with their ability to adapt to changing salinity levels, suggests that they will likely be able to persist through coming droughts. Further studies will be needed to determine if other common zooplankton species in Great Plains' lakes are similarly adaptable.
Donor–Recipient Height Mismatch Is Associated With Decreased Survival in Pediatric‐to‐Adult Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kesseli Samuel J. , Samoylova Mariya L. , Yerxa John , Moore Carrie B. , Cerullo Marcelo , Gao Qimeng , Abraham Nader , Patel Yuval A. , McElroy Lisa M. , Vikraman Deepak , Barbas Andrew S. 
Published: November 2020

Liver grafts from pediatric donors represent a small fraction of grafts transplanted into adult recipients, and their use in adults requires special consideration of donor size to prevent perioperative complications. In the past, graft weight or volume ratios have been adopted from the living donor liver transplant literature to guide clinicians; however, these metrics are not regularly available to surgeons accepting deceased donor organs. In this study, we evaluated all pediatric‐to‐adult liver transplants in the United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Transplant Analysis and Research database from 1987 to 2019, stratified by donor age and donor–recipient height mismatch ratio (HMR; defined as donor height/recipient height). On multivariable regression controlling for cold ischemia time, age, and transplantation era, the use of donors from ages 0 to 4 and 5 to 9 had increased risk of graft failure (hazard ratio [HR], 1.81 [P < 0.01] and HR, 1.16 [P < 0.01], respectively) compared with donors aged 15 to 17. On Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis, a HMR < 0.8 was associated with inferior graft survival (mean, 11.8 versus 14.6 years; log‐rank P < 0.001) and inferior patient survival (mean, 13.5 versus 14.9 years; log‐rank P < 0.01) when compared with pairs with similar height (HMR, 0.95‐1.05; ie, donors within 5% of recipient height). This study demonstrates that both young donor age and low HMR confer additional risk in adult recipients of pediatric liver grafts.
Menthol from Mentha piperita Suppresses the Milk Production of Lactating Mammary Epithelial Cells In Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: Suzuki Norihiro , Tsugami Yusaku , Wakasa Haruka , Suzuki Takahiro , Nishimura Takanori , Kobayashi Ken 
Published: November 2020

ScopePeppermint is traditionally used as an antigalactagogue in breastfeeding women. However, the suppressive mechanism remains unclear. The authors investigate whether and how peppermint influences milk production at the cellular and molecular levels.Methods and ResultsA lactating mammary epithelial cell (MEC) culture model that produces major milk components is prepared. Peppermint oil (PMO) suppresses β‐casein production in conjunction with the induced enlargement of cytoplasmic lipid droplets (CLDs). PMO also significantly inactivates STAT5 and mTOR in the lactogenic signaling pathway. Menthol treatment, which is a primary PMO component, leads to decreases in β‐casein production, enlarged CLDs, the inactivated STAT5 and mTOR. Eucalyptol and menthyl acetate, other components of peppermint, does not show suppressive effects on lactating MECs. The inactivation of STAT5 and mTOR upon menthol administration is also evident in alveolar MECs of lactating mice. Furthermore, lactating MECs expresses TRPM8 and TRPA1, which are menthol receptors known as cold receptors. Agonists of TRPM8 and TRPA1 suppresses β‐casein production and inactivation of STAT5 and mTOR in the lactating MECs.ConclusionThese findings indicate that peppermint has potential as an antigalactagogue. Menthol is suggested to be an active compound in peppermint. TRPM8 and TRPA1 may function as receptors for menthol.