bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estabilidad y funcionalidad de sellantes dentales en altas temperaturas ambientales
Authors: Mishina Anastasia , Mayelín Guerra Rosa , Durán Ramos Ivette , Sabatier Juan D. 
Published: August 2020

Los sellantes dentales son materiales que se emplean en estomatología para sellar las fosas y fisuras
oclusales de los dientes y evitar la adherencia del estreptococus mutans agente que produce la caries
dental. Estos materiales se suministran en dos partes que al mezclarse producen el endurecimiento de
la resina. Sin embargo, estos productos presentan dificultades para su comercialización en los países
tropicales, debido a que las altas temperaturas ambientales traen problemas en su manipulación y
almacenamiento en lugares sin control de clima.
En Cuba se desarrolló un sellante dental, CUBRIDEM, el cual cumple con las normativas internacionales
y mantiene su estabilidad como mínimo por un año, entre 2 y 8 °C . El objetivo de este trabajo
ha sido obtener una variante de CUBRIDEM más estable a mayores temperaturas y con tiempos de
trabajo (TT) y de fraguado (TF) adecuados, cuando el producto se manipula en ambientes no climatizados.
Se realizaron diseños experimentales factoriales 23 donde se estudió la influencia de la concentración
de los componentes minoritarios: peróxido de benzoílo (PBO), N,N-dimetil p-toluidina (DMPT) y
éter monometílico de la hidroquinona (MHQ), manteniendo invariable la composición de la mezcla
monomérica Bis-GMA/Dimetacrilato de tetraetilenglicol: 1/1.
El sellante, compuesto por un Diluyente que contiene 0.8 % de PBO y 0.05 % de MHQ y una Base
con 0.8 % DMPT, manipulado a 30±2°C después de un almacenamiento por dos meses a la misma
temperatura, permite obtener valores de TT y TF cercanos a los deseados. Por otra parte, el almacenamiento
a 16±2°C y un contenido de 0,6 % de DMPT en la Base permiten lograr tiempos similares para
almacenamientos más prolongados. Los resultados de las regresiones lineales sugieren que, para un
almacenamiento a 16±2°C, contenidos de 0.7 %, tanto de PBO en Diluyente como de DMPT en Base,
posibilitan alcanzar tiempos satisfactorios: TT=44 s y TF=113 s.
Evaluación de algunos aspectos de la biocompatibilidad de biomateriales in vitro
Authors: Ríos Hernández Miriam , Cepero Cañas Janet , González Pérez Annia , Pérez Garcés Kenya , Bello Gárciga José Luis 
Published: August 2020

Los biomateriales para uso médico se han ido desarrollando de acuerdo a los avances en los
campos de la medicina, bioquímica, farmacia y las ciencias de los materiales. Estos deben ser
biocompatibles, por eso es necesario desarrollar un grupo de ensayos biológicos encaminados a
este fin.
Las pruebas de citotoxicidad in vitro tienen aplicabilidad general y uso extensamente difundido
en la evaluación de un amplio rango de materiales. Se ha encontrado cierta relación entre la
citotoxicidad no específica del biomaterial in vitro y su efecto irritante in vivo.
En nuestro laboratorio se aplicó el método descrito por Stanley HR (1985) para la evaluación
toxicológica de biomateriales, habiéndose evaluado hasta la fecha diferentes materiales obtenidos
en el Centro de Biomateriales de la Universidad de La Habana, entre ellos: el obturante dental
Obtudent Fotocurado (FC), el sellante dental Cubridem Autocurado (AC), el adhesivo tisular
Tisuacryl y los cementos óseos Biograft-G y Apafill-G.
El Obtudent FC resultó citotóxico, sin embargo su citotoxicidad se encontró en el rango de la de
sus análogos comerciales. La citotoxicidad del Cubridem AC y del Tisuacryl no se diferenció
significativamente de los niveles encontrados para sus controles comerciales, al igual que el
Biograft-G, aunque en este caso el resultado fue ligeramente citotóxico según la clasificación de
Stanley. El Apafill-G no resultó citotóxico.
La hidroxiapatita asociada al sulfato cálcico como material de substitución ósea. Aspectos biológicos.
Authors: Morales de Cano Juan Manuel , García Ruzafa A. , Hernández Hermoso José Antonio 
Published: August 2020

La cirugía ortopédica y máxilo-facial necesitan realizar en muchas ocasiones resecciones masivas
de tejido óseo. Esto ha hecho que se haya propuesto la utilización de materiales inertes como
substitutos óseos, gracias a la habilidad que tienen de permitir la regeneración del hueso, tanto en
el campo de la medicina como en el de la odontología. Nuestro trabajo tiene por objetivo estudiar
un biomaterial compuesto de hidroxiapatita y sulfato cálcico como material de substitución ósea
en forma de cilindros.
Se han intervenido 75 animales de experimentación (conejo Albino de Nueva Zelanda), divididos
en tres grupos, cada uno de ellos compuesto por 25 animales. En el grupo I o control, los
animales fueron intervenidos quirúrgicamente realizándoseles una cavidad a nivel metafisodiafisario
en el fémur sin realizar implantes. A los animales del grupo II y III se les realizó la misma
intervención, pero se les implantó un cilindro de hidroxiapatita (HA) y sulfato cálcico a dos concentraciones
diferentes, 50% - 50% y 70% - 30% respectivamente. El estudio ha demostrado una
regeneración ósea de la cavidad rellenada a expensas de la rápida reabsorción del yeso, y de una
lenta reabsorción de la hidroxiapatita.
Estudio del efecto de la variación de la viscosidad sobre el poder adhesivo del cianoacrilato de n-butilo
Authors: Cordoví Felipe Carlos , Molina Alfonso Yennis , Martín Martínez José M. , Mahiques Bujanda María del Mar 
Published: August 2020

Los cianoacrilatos se adhieren fuertemente a los tejidos vivos cuando son aplicados en forma de
una delgada capa, esto ha promovido el estudio y uso de estos materiales como adhesivos tisulares.
Ellos poseen también la propiedad de favorecer la coagulación de la sangre por lo que se han
estudiado y aplicado como agentes hemostáticos.
La viscosidad de estos compuestos se encuentra en el rango de 2 a 2,5 cP medidos a 26 0C. Sin
embargo en estudios de estabilidad realizados en el laboratorio a temperatura de conservación
por debajo de 8 0C se ha detectado que en el período de un año se incrementa gradualmente este
valor, aunque se mantiene dentro de los límites aceptables para su aplicación en la medicina.
En este trabajo se comprobó, mediante mediciones de fuerzas de cizalla a probetas de TR1
utilizando cianoacrilato de n-butilo como adhesivo, que la variación de la viscosidad dentro del
rango de aplicación en medicina no afecta significativamente la fuerza de adhesión del adhesivo.
Se demostró también un comportamiento lineal en un rango de valores de hasta 20 cP entre la
fuerza de cizalla y la viscosidad y que el mecanismo de ruptura de las probetas de fallo cohesivo, es
decir, que en estos casos la fuerza de adhesión es óptima.
Influencia del contenido de OHAP y de gentamicina en la liberación del antibiótico a partir de composites de OHAP/PEMMA
Authors: Padilla S. , Real R.P. del , Vallet Regi María 
Published: August 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la influencia del contenido de hidroxiapatita (OHAp) y
de sulfato de gentamicina (SG) en la velocidad de liberación de dicho antibiótico a partir de
materiales compuestos por OHAp, polimetacrilato de metilo (PMMA) y polimetacrilato de etilo
(PEMA).
Para ello se prepararon muestras con diferente proporción de OHAp (30 y 40%) y de SG (5 y
10%). El estudio de liberación se llevó a cabo sumergiendo 3 muestras de cada grupo en SBF a
37°C, el medio fue renovado a diferentes intervalos de tiempo durante 70 días. La concentración de
gentamicina fue determinada por el método del o-ftaldialdehído.
Los resultados del estudio de liberación mostraron, que la liberación ocurre de manera más
rápida durante las primeras 10 horas de inmersión en SBF y que posteriormente se hace más lenta.
Se observó que las muestras con un mayor tanto por ciento (40%) de OHAp liberan mayor cantidad
de antibiótico. Las muestras con un 40% de OHAp liberaron el 100% de SG a los 70 días, mientras
que en ese mismo período las muestras con 30% de OHAp liberaron un 85%. Por otra parte, se
observó que la cantidad de gentamicina añadida inicialmente no afecta el tanto por ciento de SG
que se libera.
Adhesión de streptococcus mutans sobre hidroxiapatita in vitro
Authors: Hidalgo V.M. , Blesa M.A. , Apella M.C. , Berardinelli E.M. 
Published: August 2020

En el presente trabajo se evalúa la adhesión de Streptococcus mutans a hidroxiapatitas de
diferente naturaleza en una solución oral sintética. La adhesión microbiana fue determinada indirectamente
por recuento de los microorganismos viables en suspensiones equilibradas con los
sustratos. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que, a baja concentración de inóculo, la adhesión de
Streptococcus mutans puede ser descripta, razonablemente, mediante una única isoterma de
Langmuir, introduciendo una pequeña corrección en cada muestra para dar cuenta de las diferencias
en la macrorugosidad. La constante de afinidad resultó ser aproximadamente igual a 0,25´10-
8 (bacterias/mL)-1. La falta de influencia del sustrato se interpreta en términos del mecanismo de
adsorción del S. mutans, y el gran tamaño de la bacteria, que disimula diferencias químicas y
morfológicas de la superficie en la dimensión nanométrica. Estos resultados sugieren que la
derivatización de la superficie con grandes polímeros puede ser una alternativa más útil para
modificar la adhesión bacteriana.
A altas concentraciones de inóculo, se dispara una adhesión multicapa, descrita por una ecuación
modificada de Hill, con un coeficiente n = 3, que indica fuertes interacciones atractivas entre
bacterias.
Effects of cost surface uncertainty on current density estimates from circuit theory
Authors: Bowman Jeff , Adey Elizabeth , Angoh Siow Y.J , Baici Jennifer E. , Brown Michael G.C , Cordes Chad , Dupuis Arthur E. , Newar Sasha L. , Scott Laura M. , Solmundson Kirsten 
Published: August 2020

Background
Conservation practitioners are often interested in developing land use plans that increase landscape connectivity, which is defined as the degree to which the landscape facilitates or impedes movement among resource patches. Landscape connectivity is often estimated with a cost surface that indicates the varying costs experienced by an organism in moving across a landscape. True, or absolute costs are rarely known however, and therefore assigning costs to different landscape elements is often a challenge in creating cost surface maps. As such, we consider it important to understand the sensitivity of connectivity estimates to uncertainty in cost estimates.

Methods
We used simulated landscapes to test the sensitivity of current density estimates from circuit theory to varying relative cost values, fragmentation, and number of cost classes (i.e., thematic resolution). Current density is proportional to the probability of use during a random walk. Using Circuitscape software, we simulated electrical current between pairs of nodes to create current density maps. We then measured the correlation of the current density values across scenarios.

Results
In general, we found that cost values were highly correlated across scenarios with different cost weights (mean correlation ranged from 0.87 to 0.92). Changing the spatial configuration of landscape elements by varying the degree of fragmentation reduced correlation in current density across maps. We also found that correlations were more variable when the range of cost values in a map was high.

Discussion
The low sensitivity of current density estimates to relative cost weights suggests that the measure may be reliable for land use applications even when there is uncertainty about absolute cost values, provided that the user has the costs correctly ranked. This finding should facilitate the use of cost surfaces by conservation practitioners interested in estimating connectivity and planning linkages and corridors.
Effect of Irrigation Practices on Water Use Its Efficiency and Economic Yield in Rice Varieties
Authors: Kunjammal P. , Lokanadhan Subbalakshmi , Krishnasamy S. Murali , Jawahar D. , Ganesamurthy K. 
Published: August 2020

A field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural College & Research Institute, Coimbatore in research farm during samba season 2018-2019 to assess the water use and its efficiency in different rice varieties comprising aromatic rice, land races, popular cultivars and recent released variety under modified irrigation practices. The experimental design was a split plot with three replications. The main plots with contionous flooding and modified irrigation practices and sub plots with eight varieties as treatments viz., (S1) Kalanamak, (S2) Jeeragasamba, (S3) Kavuni, (S4) Mappilaisamba, (S5)Improved TNAU White ponni, (S6) Bhavani, (S7) CO 51 and (S8) CO 52. Irrigation practice of alternate wetting and drying, monitoring with field tube registered lower consumption of water (900 mm) with less number of irrigation(14), higher water use efficiency (7.3 kg ha-1mm-1) and water productivity (1682 lit.kg-1) in rice, compared to flood irrigation practices. In Sub plot with different rice varieties viz., aromatic, landraces, popular cultivar and recently released rice variety among these varieties the recent released variety CO52 recorded higher grain yield (6.6 t ha-1), compared to other varieties.
Malaria Prevalence in Rice Farm Settlements South East Nigeria
Authors: Nnamonu Emmanuel Ikechukwu , Ani Ogonna Christiana , Ugwu Felix Joel , Egba Simeon Ikechukwu , Aguzie Ifeanyi Oscar , Okeke Obiageli Panthe , Dialoke Christian Enyi , Asogwa Lilian Obinna , Odo Solomon Ikechukwu 
Published: August 2020

Aim: Agrarian settlements in Nigeria possess a lot of factors that predisposes the populace to malaria. The present study focused on the evaluation of three-year prevalence of malaria in rice farm settlements, South-East Nigeria.
Study Design: The study was a retrospective descriptive survey designed to evaluate the prevalence of malaria infection between January 2015 and December 2017. A total of 29, 458 records were examined, 21, 559 and 7, 899 from Ebonyi and Enugu States respectively for three years (2015 – 2017). Male comprises 11, 453 of the records while the female was 18, 005.
Place and Duration: Southeastern Nigeria \ three years
Methodology: Preparation of thick films blood smears for microscopy following standard methods.
Results: Overall, 12, 746 (43.3%) were positive for malaria parasites, 7, 651 (35.4%) and 5, 115 (64.8%) from Ebonyi and Enugu respectively. Prevalence of the infection was similar between male and female in Ebonyi State (35.5% vs. 35.3%, χ2 = 0.044, df = 1, p = 0.834); but significantly higher in female compared to male in Enugu State (69.7% vs. 55.7%, χ2 = 154.808, df = 1, p = 0.0001).
Conclusion: There was high prevalence of malaria infection in rice farm settlements, south-east Nigeria.
Estimation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors & Their Relative Impact in Diabetic Mellitus-2 Adult Patients’ in Mnazi Mmoja Hospital - Zanzibar
Authors: Juma Mohammed S. , Okafor Chukwuma J. , Dida F. A. , Yusuf Said Ali , Salum Salum S. 
Published: August 2020

Diabetes is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. We aimed to estimate the cardiovascular risk factors and their correlation with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Zanzibar (Mnazi MMoja Hospital) hypothesizing that early detection and treatment of lipid abnormalities can minimize the risk for atherogenic cardiovascular disorders and cerebrovascular accident in patients with T2DM.
Methods: The study populations were those patients who presented themselves at Mnazi Mmoja hospital with T2DM, and who are within the age bracket of 18 to 45 years. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels were evaluated. Pearson’s correlation studies were performed between the variables of blood glucose and serum lipid profiles and also within the lipid profile parameters.
Results: TC, TG, LDL-C mean levels were significantly higher in diabetics compared with the control subjects p< 0.05. The HDL-C was however lower in diabetics compared with the controls. Also, the mean FBG, TC, TG, and LDL-C were significantly higher in female diabetic subjects compared to the male counterparts p< 0.05. A positive correlation was observed between FBG and TC, TG and LDL-C (r=0.643 p=0.0021; r=0.679, p=0.0001; r=0.534, p=0.0091 respectively) while HDL-C showed a negative correlation (r= -0.799, p= 0.0021). TC also showed a positive correlation with TG and LDL-C (r=0.590, p=0.0021; r= 0.628, p=0.0001) and negative correlation with HDL-C ( r=-0.670, p=0.0041).
Conclusion: There is an influence of gender on cardiovascular disease risk factors with more of the females seriously at risk. Measurement of serum lipid profile should be introduced to the management plan of diabetes mellitus. There is an urgent need for the establishment of regional and national training courses for diabetic educators and also the creation of new evidence-based management plan for diabetics in Zanzibar for a better healthcare.
Influence of Soil Coverage on Evapotranspiration and Dual Crop Coefficients on Soybean
Authors: Barbieri João Danilo , Freitas Paulo Sérgio Lourenço de , Dallacort Rivanildo , Rezende Roberto , Silva André Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro da , Fenner William , Carvalho Marco Antônio Camillo de 
Published: August 2020

Crop coefficient (Kc) study is the main tool used to determine the plant water consumption enabling irrigation management. The dual Kc is related to the evaporation coefficient of water from the soil (Ke), therefore, the objective of the work was to evaluate the influence of the soil coverage, in the variability of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of soybean and the dual Kc. The Kc values were determined by the ratio between ETc and ETo (reference evapotranspiration). ETo was estimated using the methodology proposed by Penman-Monteith FAO-56. The ETc values were obtained by the water input and output ratio of the weighing lysimeters system for the culture development phases established as initial; development; intermediate and final. The culture presented a cycle of 118 days for both treatments; the volume of the water precipitated and supplied by irrigation was 786.4 and 89 mm, respectively. The water consumption determined by ETc during the crop cycle was 699.10; 672.57; 649.06; 724.02; 643.46 and 638.12 mm, respectively for levels 0; 2; 4; 6; 8 and 10 t ha-1 of the dry mass of Brachiaria. The average dual Kc obtained was 1.60; 1.48; 1.40; 1.53; 1.42 and 1.47, respectively for coverings and a reduction in Kc was observed for treatments with soil coverage. Yield and development of the root system, were increase on soil coverage of 2 and 4 t ha-1.
Empirical Analyses of Tax Base Erosion and Economic Growth: Evidence in China, 1990-2018
Authors: Wang Yu-Kun , Zhang Li , Ho We-Me , Liu Fang-Jun 
Published: August 2020

Dixon [1] defines subterranean economy(SE) as a mixture of nonmarket economic activities, including home production, prohibited production and distribution of proscribed substances and legal market activities that are concealed for reasons such as tax-evasion. Whilst the existence of SE in most countries. Up to now there are lack of consensus on the appropriate methodology for estimating its turning point. This paper seeks to shorten this gap by using Kuznets approach to analyze this results. We take China as a study case and incorporate some relevant parameters such as GDP, money supply, tax burden ratio to capture all potential dependent variable responses to relevant independent variables change, and further explore whether there exists inverse-U shaped or Kuznets curve (KC) relation between GDP and total tax revenue.
Anti-proliferative Properties of New Variety Organic Rice MRQ74 Extracts against Colon Cancer Cells: In-vitro Study
Authors: Rohin Mohd Adzim Khalili , Hadi Norhayati Abd , Ridzwan Norhaslinda 
Published: August 2020

Aims: To examine the anti-proliferative properties of different extracts of new variety an organic rice MRQ74 towards colon cancer cells: in-vitro study.
Study Design: Experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Central Laboratory, Tissue Culture Laboratory, University of Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu from November 2019 until February 2020.
Methodology: The organic rice MRQ74 extracts had been led to tetrazolium salt reduction (MTT) assay and an inhibition concentration of 50 (IC50) value for their cytotoxic potential against colon cancer cells. Meanwhile, cells morphology observation and fluorescence double staining of treatment cells were determined using a light inverted microscope and acridine orange/propidium iodide staining.
Results: Results showed that 50% aqueous ethanol of rice grains gave the lowest IC50 values towards HCT-116 and CT-26 cell lines, while an aqueous solution of rice grains gave the lowest IC50 values towards HT-29 cells (p<0.05). Thoroughly, the treated colon cancer cells had shown morphological alterations after treated with different solvent extracts of an organic rice MRQ74.
Conclusion: The outcomes had observed preliminary results on cancer study for better health by inspiring the consumption of an organic rice MRQ74 and future product developments.
Identification of Metronidazole – Drug Interactions at the Outpatient Setting in Alkharj
Authors: Ahmad Nehad J. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Metronidazole is an antibacterial, antiprotozoal and amebicidal agent. It has a good activity against pathogenic anaerobic bacteria, low cost, minor adverse effects and a favorable pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties but still it interacts with many drugs.
Objective: This study aims to assess the interactions of metronidazole with other drugs at the outpatient setting in Alkharj.
Methodology: This is a retrospective study include revision of the electronic records in the outpatient setting in a public hospital in Alkharj in order to determine the incidence of interactions between metronidazole and other drugs in 2017.
Results: In the present study, the concurrent use of metronidazole with azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, domperidone, formoterol and olanzapine may result in increased risk of QT-interval prolongation and arrhythmias. The use of metronidazole with warfarin may result in increased risk of bleeding.
Conclusion: To dispense and prescribe it appropriately antimicrobial stewardship program should be implemented and checking practice should be implemented to avoid the occurrence of Drug - drug interactions.
Delivering Proangiogenic Factors from 3D‐Printed Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Vascularized Bone Regeneration
Authors: Liu Haoming , Du Yingying , Yang Gaojie , Hu Xixi , Wang Lin , Liu Bin , Wang Jianglin , Zhang Shengmin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNatural bone is a highly vascularized tissue that relies on the vasculature for blood and nutrients supply to maintain skeletal integrity. Inadequacy of neovascularization may compromise the tissue ingrowth to the implanted scaffolds, and eventually results in failure for the repair. To tackle this issue and enhance self‐vascularized bone regeneration, herein a 3D biomimetic selective lasersintering (SLS) derived scaffold, with an angiogenic growth factor immobilized on its surface, that can be released in a controlled manner is proposed. To this end, a porous polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite (PCL/HA) scaffold is prepared via the SLS technique, which is further modified with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by coprecipitation with apatite. The resultant scaffold (PCL/HA/VEGF) has an excellent cytocompatibility, and subcutaneous implantation experiment shows that the VEGF‐loaded scaffold significantly enhances the blood vessel formation compared with the VEGF‐free control. It is further demonstrated that the PCL/HA/VEGF scaffold is able to enhance the in vivo bone regeneration in a rat cranial defect model. Taken together, the current study provides not only a feasible and promising scaffold candidate to enhance the vascularized bone regeneration, but also a general strategy to overcome the inadequate vascularization issue for the repair of other tissue and organs.