bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Side-Casings Balance on Open-Deck-Ro-Ro Vessels in Term of Intact Stability
Authors: Hasanudin  , Zubaydi A , Aryawan W D , Utama I K A P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Roll-on Roll-of (Ro-Ro) is one of the most favourite types of ship, which can carry passengers, cars, and cargoes at the same time. Reports from National Committee for Safety Transportation (KNKT) indicated that there is tendency of increase of Ro-Ro vessels accidents due to stability problems. The current paper discusses an Open-Car-Deck-Ro-Ro 40 m length without side-casings which capsized on Halmahera sea. The Ro-Ro was originally designed with side-casings on the right and left sides of car deck but removed to improve car deck capacity. The side-casings reduce one truck capacity, improve 72.539 GT, and improve survival stability. The Ro-Ro stability was calculated with four loading conditions with assumption weight and center gravity (KG) of the ship with and without side-casings the same. It shows all condition with added side-casings will increase righting lever GZ at angle ≥ 10°. Also, range righting lever curve GZ positive increase, at full load arrival 0°-29° become 0°-53°, at full load departure 0°-25° become 0°-42°, at ballast load arrival 0°-44° become 0°-66°, and at ballast load departure 0°-36° become 0°-52°. Then stability curves were assessed by Intact Stability Code 2008 (ISC 2008) obtained all load case ship with side-casings pass all criteria otherwise ship without side-casings fail especially area 30°-40° ≥ 0.03 m.rad and maximum GZ ≥ 25°. The case study indicates installed side-casings reduce cargo capacity but improve survival stability.
Station-keeping analysis of an FPSO to prevent collision with SPM using AHTS
Authors: Baidowi A , Cahyono B , Ardhiansyah F , Nugroho T F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An FPSO that attached to an SPM with several mooring lines has a collision risk due to the environmental loads. This paper presents analysis of station-keeping FPSO and SPM to prevent colision using an AHTS. The principal dimension of the FPSO is 180m in length, 33m in breadth, 18m height and 12m draft. while the environmental loads is 6m wave height, wind speed around 30knots, current 1 m/s. The analysis shows that the FPSO requires 122 ton bollard pull AHTS for full load and 147 ton for ballast load. The bollard pull can be divided into two vessels in order to make a safe operation which means 74 ton for each AHTS which can be divided into two vessels in order to make a safe operation.
Tug Boats Fuel Efficiency with use of Flow meter Web Based Monitoring and Control System in P.T. X
Authors: Faturachman D , Djaeni A , Arifin M D , Fridolini  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In order to increase efficiency, a monitoring system has been measuring operational performance existing. After a system created and used, management can measure performance to improve the efficiency. With all information that has been collected, management will be able to produce a decision accurately and increase productivity and efficiency operational. P.T. X has implemented the installation of flow meters in all ships and has been examined in previous research. It is continued deeper by applying the use of flow meters using web-based as a sensor long-distance, as to be monitored anytime and anywhere using a sensor equipment named eGenKit. For that, the study is conducted in order to assess the use of fuel efficiency on tug boats using web-based monitoring and controlling system in P.T. X.
Dynamic mooring lines tension of FPU operated at Madura Strait
Authors: Rahayuningsih S , Djatmiko E B , Handayanu  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An FPU operated at a gas field in Madura Strait is designed to be the main process component of the gas processing facilities for a service life 20 years. This vessel using a catenary mooring system which made up of 12 points mooring divided into 4 groups of 3 mooring lines. This vessel is necessary to be analyzed its mooring tension to ensure safety while operation. The mooring line tension is analyzed by using 3D-Diffraction Calculation. This study presents the result of the dynamic mooring line tension conducted for full load condition of FPU in extreme wave condition. The mooring analysis compliance is based on DNV GL’s technical standards, as well as an international accredited registrar and classification society. Verification of computed line tension against acceptance criteria has been carried out for the current condition of the mooring system. Results of the analysis indicate that mooring line tension meets the safety factor from DNVGL OS E301 with the Maximum tension of all mooring lines value is about 159.3 t, which happened in Line 4 by heading 67.5°.
Integrative functional linear model for genome-wide association studies with multiple traits
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Fan , Wu Mengyun , Ma Shuangge 
Published: September 2020

Summary
In recent biomedical research, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have demonstrated great success in investigating the genetic architecture of human diseases. For many complex diseases, multiple correlated traits have been collected. However, most of the existing GWAS are still limited because they analyze each trait separately without considering their correlations and suffer from a lack of sufficient information. Moreover, the high dimensionality of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data still poses tremendous challenges to statistical methods, in both theoretical and practical aspects. In this article, we innovatively propose an integrative functional linear model for GWAS with multiple traits. This study is the first to approximate SNPs as functional objects in a joint model of multiple traits with penalization techniques. It effectively accommodates the high dimensionality of SNPs and correlations among multiple traits to facilitate information borrowing. Our extensive simulation studies demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed method in the identification and estimation of disease-associated genetic variants, compared to four alternatives. The analysis of type 2 diabetes data leads to biologically meaningful findings with good prediction accuracy and selection stability.
Measuring the dark figure of crime in geographic areas: Small area estimation from the Crime Survey for England and Wales
Authors: Buil-Gil David , Medina Juanjo , Shlomo Natalie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
For decades, criminologists have been aware of the severe consequences of the dark figure of police records for crime prevention strategies. Crime surveys are developed to address the limitations of police statistics as crime data sources, and estimates produced from surveys can mitigate biases in police data. This paper produces small area estimates of crimes unknown to the police at local and neighbourhood levels from the Crime Survey for England and Wales to explore the geographical inequality of the dark figure of crime. The dark figure of crime is larger not only in small cities that are deprived but also in wealthy municipalities. The dark figure is also larger in suburban, low-housing neighbourhoods with large concentrations of unqualified citizens, immigrants and non-Asian minorities.
‘Assisted’ facial recognition and the reinvention of suspicion and discretion in digital policing
Authors: Fussey Pete , Davies Bethan , Innes Martin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAutomated facial recognition (AFR) has emerged as one of the most controversial policing innovations of recent years. Drawing on empirical data collected during the United Kingdom’s two major police trials of AFR deployments—and building on insights from the sociology of policing, surveillance studies and science and technology studies—this article advances several arguments. Tracing a lineage from early sociologies of policing that accented the importance of police discretion and suspicion formation, the analysis illuminates how technological capability is conditioned by police discretion, but police discretion itself is also contingent on affordances brought by the operational and technical environment. These, in turn, frame and ‘legitimate’ subjects of a reinvented and digitally mediated ‘bureaucratic suspicion’.
Neuroprotective Effects of Motherhood on Brain Function in Late Life: A Resting-State fMRI Study
Authors: Orchard Edwina R , Ward Phillip G D , Chopra Sidhant , Storey Elsdon , Egan Gary F , Jamadar Sharna D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The maternal brain undergoes structural and functional plasticity during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Little is known about functional plasticity outside caregiving-specific contexts and whether changes persist across the lifespan. Structural neuroimaging studies suggest that parenthood may confer a protective effect against the aging process; however, it is unknown whether parenthood is associated with functional brain differences in late life. We examined the relationship between resting-state functional connectivity and number of children parented in 220 healthy older females (73.82 ± 3.53 years) and 252 healthy older males (73.95 ± 3.50 years). We compared the patterns of resting-state functional connectivity with 3 different models of age-related functional change to assess whether these effects may be functionally neuroprotective for the aging human parental brain. No relationship between functional connectivity and number of children was obtained for males. For females, we found widespread decreasing functional connectivity with increasing number of children parented, with increased segregation between networks, decreased connectivity between hemispheres, and decreased connectivity between anterior and posterior regions. The patterns of functional connectivity related to the number of children an older woman has parented were in the opposite direction to those usually associated with age-related cognitive decline, suggesting that motherhood may be beneficial for brain function in late life.
Rezafungin Versus Caspofungin in a Phase 2, Randomized, Double-blind Study for the Treatment of Candidemia and Invasive Candidiasis: The STRIVE Trial
Authors: Thompson George R , Soriano Alex , Skoutelis Athanasios , Vazquez Jose A , Honore Patrick M , Horcajada Juan P , Spapen Herbert , Bassetti Matteo , Ostrosky-Zeichner Luis , Das Anita F , Viani Rolando M , Sandison Taylor , Pappas Peter G 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundRezafungin (RZF) is a novel echinocandin exhibiting distinctive pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics. STRIVE was a phase 2, double-blind, randomized trial designed to compare the safety and efficacy of RZF once weekly (QWk) to caspofungin (CAS) once daily for treatment of candidemia and/or invasive candidiasis (IC).MethodsAdults with systemic signs and mycological confirmation of candidemia and/or IC were randomized to RZF 400 mg QWk (400 mg), RZF 400 mg on week 1 then 200 mg QWk (400/200 mg), or CAS 70 mg as a loading dose followed by 50 mg daily for ≤4 weeks. Efficacy assessments included overall cure (resolution of signs of candidemia/IC + mycological eradication) at day 14 (primary endpoint), investigator-assessed clinical response at day 14, and 30-day all-cause mortality (ACM) (secondary endpoints), and time to negative blood culture. Safety was evaluated by adverse events and ACM through follow-up.ResultsOf 207 patients enrolled, 183 were in the microbiological intent-to-treat population (~21% IC). Overall cure rates were 60.5% (46/76) for RZF 400 mg, 76.1% (35/46) for RZF 400/200 mg, and 67.2% (41/61) for CAS; investigator-assessed clinical cure rates were 69.7% (53/76), 80.4% (37/46), and 70.5% (43/61), respectively. In total, 30-day ACM was 15.8% for RZF 400 mg, 4.4% for RZF 400/200 mg, and 13.1% for CAS. Candidemia was cleared in 19.5 and 22.8 hours in RZF and CAS patients, respectively. No concerning safety trends were observed; ACM through follow-up was 15.2% (21/138) for RZF and 18.8% (13/69) for CAS.ConclusionsRZF was safe and efficacious in the treatment of candidemia and/or IC.Clinical Trials RegistrationNCT02734862
Lung Ultrasonography for Risk Stratification in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Brahier Thomas , Meuwly Jean-Yves , Pantet Olivier , Brochu Vez Marie-Josée , Gerhard Donnet Hélène , Hartley Mary-Anne , Hugli Olivier , Boillat-Blanco Noémie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Lung ultrasonography (LUS) is a promising pragmatic risk-stratification tool in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study describes and compares LUS characteristics between patients with different clinical outcomes.

Methods
Prospective observational study of polymerase chain reaction–confirmed adults with COVID-19 with symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection in the emergency department (ED) of Lausanne University Hospital. A trained physician recorded LUS images using a standardized protocol. Two experts reviewed images blinded to patient outcome. We describe and compare early LUS findings (≤24 hours of ED presentation) between patient groups based on their 7-day outcome (1) outpatients, (2) hospitalized, and (3) intubated/dead. Normalized LUS score was used to discriminate between groups.

Results
Between 6 March and 3 April 2020, we included 80 patients (17 outpatients, 42 hospitalized, and 21 intubated/dead). Seventy-three patients (91%) had abnormal LUS (70% outpatients, 95% hospitalized, and 100% intubated/dead; P = .003). The proportion of involved zones was lower in outpatients compared with other groups (median [IQR], 30% [0–40%], 44% [31–70%], 70% [50–88%]; P &lt; .001). Predominant abnormal patterns were bilateral and there was multifocal spread thickening of the pleura with pleural line irregularities (70%), confluent B lines (60%), and pathologic B lines (50%). Posterior inferior zones were more often affected. Median normalized LUS score had a good level of discrimination between outpatients and others with area under the ROC of .80 (95% CI, .68–.92).

Conclusions
Systematic LUS has potential as a reliable, cheap, and easy-to-use triage tool for the early risk stratification in patients with COVID-19 presenting to EDs.
Effects of acclimation temperature on the thermal physiology in two geographically distinct populations of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)
Authors: Bugg William S , Yoon Gwangseok R , Schoen Alexandra N , Laluk Andrew , Brandt Catherine , Anderson W Gary , Jeffries Ken M 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTemperature is one of the most important abiotic factors regulating development and biological processes in ectotherms. By 2050, climate change may result in temperature increases of 2.1–3.4°C in Manitoba, Canada. Lake sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens, from both northern and southern populations in Manitoba were acclimated to 16, 20 and 24°C for 30 days, after which critical thermal maximum (CTmax) trials were conducted to investigate their thermal plasticity. We also examined the effects of temperature on morphological and physiological indices. Acclimation temperature significantly influenced the CTmax, body mass, hepatosomatic index, metabolic rate and the mRNA expression of transcripts involved in the cellular response to heat shock and hypoxia (HSP70, HSP90a, HSP90b, HIF-1α) in the gill of lake sturgeon. Population significantly affected the above phenotypes, as well as the mRNA expression of Na+/K+ ATPase-α1 and the hepatic glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity. The southern population had an average CTmax that was 0.71 and 0.45°C higher than the northern population at 20 and 24°C, respectively. Immediately following CTmax trials, mRNA expression of HSP90a and HIF-1α was positively correlated with individual CTmax of lake sturgeon across acclimation treatments and populations (r = 0.7, r = 0.62, respectively; P &lt; 0.0001). Lake sturgeon acclimated to 20 and 24°C had decreased hepatosomatic indices (93 and 244% reduction, respectively; P &lt; 0.0001) and metabolic suppression (27.7 and 42.1% reduction, respectively; P &lt; 0.05) when compared to sturgeon acclimated to 16°C, regardless of population. Glutathione peroxidase activity and mRNA expression Na+/K+ ATPase-α1 were elevated in the northern relative to the southern population. Acclimation to 24°C also induced mortality in both populations when compared to sturgeon acclimated to 16 and 20°C. Thus, increased temperatures have wide-ranging population-specific physiological consequences for lake sturgeon across biological levels of organization.
PCSK9 and LRP5 in macrophage lipid internalization and inflammation
Authors: Badimon Lina , Luquero Aureli , Crespo Javier , Peña Esther , Borrell-Pages Maria 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Aims
Atherosclerosis, the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, is driven by high blood cholesterol levels and chronic inflammation. Low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR) play a critical role in regulating blood cholesterol levels by binding to and clearing LDLs from the circulation. The disruption of the interaction between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) and LDLR reduces blood cholesterol levels. It is not well known whether other members of the LDLR superfamily may be targets of PCSK9. The aim of this work was to determine if LDLR-related protein 5 (LRP5) is a PCSK9 target and to study the role of PCSK9 and LRP5 in foam cell formation and lipid accumulation.

Methods and results
Primary cultures of human inflammatory cells (monocytes and macrophages) were silenced for LRP5 or PCSK9 and challenged with LDLs. We first show that LRP5 is needed for macrophage lipid uptake since LRP5-silenced macrophages show less intracellular CE accumulation. In macrophages, internalization of LRP5-bound LDL is already highly evident after 5 h of LDL incubation and lasts up to 24 h; however, in the absence of both LRP5 and PCSK9, there is a strong reduction of CE accumulation indicating a role for both proteins in lipid uptake. Immunoprecipitation experiments show that LRP5 forms a complex with PCSK9 in lipid-loaded macrophages. Finally, PCSK9 participates in TLR4/NFkB signalling; a decreased TLR4 protein expression levels and a decreased nuclear translocation of NFκB were detected in PCSK9 silenced cells after lipid loading, indicating a downregulation of the TLR4/NFκB pathway.

Conclusion
Our results show that both LRP5 and PCSK9 participate in lipid uptake in macrophages. In the absence of LRP5, there is a reduced release of PCSK9 indicating that LRP5 also participates in the mechanism of release of soluble PCSK9. Furthermore, PCSK9 up-regulates TLR4/NFκB favouring inflammation.
The genotype-dependent phenotypic landscape of quinoa in salt tolerance and key growth traits
Authors: Mizuno Nobuyuki , Toyoshima Masami , Fujita Miki , Fukuda Shota , Kobayashi Yasufumi , Ueno Mariko , Tanaka Kojiro , Tanaka Tsutomu , Nishihara Eiji , Mizukoshi Hiroharu , Yasui Yasuo , Fujita Yasunari 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Cultivation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), an annual pseudocereal crop that originated in the Andes, is spreading globally. Because quinoa is highly nutritious and resistant to multiple abiotic stresses, it is emerging as a valuable crop to provide food and nutrition security worldwide. However, molecular analyses have been hindered by the genetic heterogeneity resulting from partial outcrossing. In this study, we generated 136 inbred quinoa lines as a basis for the molecular identification and characterization of gene functions in quinoa through genotyping and phenotyping. Following genotyping-by-sequencing analysis of the inbred lines, we selected 5,753 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the quinoa genome. Based on these SNPs, we show that our quinoa inbred lines fall into three genetic sub-populations. Moreover, we measured phenotypes, such as salt tolerance and key growth traits in the inbred quinoa lines and generated a heatmap that provides a succinct overview of the genotype–phenotype relationship between inbred quinoa lines. We also demonstrate that, in contrast to northern highland lines, most lowland and southern highland lines can germinate even under high salinity conditions. These findings provide a basis for the molecular elucidation and genetic improvement of quinoa and improve our understanding of the evolutionary process underlying quinoa domestication.
Strikes and Singing Classes: Chartist Culture, ‘Rational Recreation’ and the Politics of Music after 1842
Authors: Kennerley David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Historians have often debated why so much energy was poured into efforts to reform working-class leisure and cultural pursuits in nineteenth-century Britain. This article uses a case-study of singing classes established in the early 1840s for industrial workers by local employers in the Manchester region to provide fresh answers to this question. It criticises a tendency to cast middle-class reformers as the primary agents of change in working-class leisure activities, arguing instead that many supposed innovations had been developed already by the Chartists, whose extensive transformation of working-class culture is increasingly recognised by scholars. The strike wave of 1842 permitted a dramatic manifestation of these cultural achievements, as the sounds of factory machinery were replaced by highly organised Chartist bands and choirs broadcasting radical messages. The establishment of a network of singing classes in the aftermath of the strikes was thus a belated attempt by the region’s middle classes to counter the dangerous eloquence of Chartist sonic culture. However, the subjective nature of musical experience meant working-class participants could derive quite different meanings from their massed singing than those their middle-class benefactors intended. In short, this article seeks to ascribe the central place to the Chartists, rather than middle-class reformers, in our explanations of why working-class leisure pursuits changed in the way they did, and to contend that the early Victorian singing-class mania, far from representing the reconciliation of middle and working classes in a shared liberal culture, might just as easily have furthered a radical cultural agenda.
The effects of market integration during the first globalization: a multi-market approach
Authors: Chilosi David , Federico Giovanni 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper is a first attempt to measure the effects of international market integration on world trade and welfare in the ``long nineteenth century”. We run a multi-market partial equilibrium model, which takes into account the interactions between route-specific changes in trade costs, for the two most traded commodities, cotton and wheat. The collapse in trade costs accounted for 60 percent of the growth of trade for cotton and for 40 percent for wheat. As expected, welfare gains were larger for small open economies, but they were substantial also for large countries, with big differences determined by trade policies.