bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of low dose naloxone on the immune system function of a patient undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of lung cancer with sufentanil controlled analgesia — a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Yun Lin , Zhuang Miao , Yue Wu , Fangfang Ge , Qingping Wen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Perioperative immune function plays an important role in the prognosis of patients. Several studies have indicated that low-dose opioid receptor blockers can improve immune function.
Methods: Sixty-nine patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic resection of the lung cancer were randomly assigned to either the naloxone group (n=35) or the non-naloxone group (n=34) for postoperative analgesia during the first 48 hours after the operation. Both groups received sufentanil and palonosetron via postoperative analgesia pump, while 0.05μg·kg-1·h-1 naloxone was added in naloxone group. The primary outcomes were the level of opioid growth factor（OGF）and immune function assessed by natural killer cells and CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio. Second outcomes were assessed by the intensity of postoperative pain, postoperative rescue analgesia dose, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV).
Results: The level of OGF in the naloxone group increased significantly at 24 hours (p＜0.001) and 48 hours after the operation (P<0.01). The natural killer cells (P<0.05) and CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio (P<0.01) in the naloxone group increased significantly at 48 hours after the operation. The rest VAS scores were better with naloxone at 12 and 24 hours after operation（P<0.05）, and the coughing VAS scores were better with naloxone at 48 hours after the operation（P<0.05). The consumption of postoperative rescue analgesics in the naloxone group was lower (0.00（0.00-0.00）vs 25.00（0.00-62.50）），P<0.05). Postoperative nausea scores at 24 hours after operation decreased in naloxone group（0.00 (0.00-0.00) vs 1.00 (0.00-2.00), P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Infusion of 0.05μg·kg-1·h-1 naloxone for patients undergoing sufentanil-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain can significantly increase the level of OGF, natural killer cells, and CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio compared with non-naloxone group，and postoperative pain intensity, request for rescue analgesics, and opioid-related side effects can also be reduced.
Trial registration: ChiCTR1900021043 on January 26, 2019.
Keywords: Low-dose naloxone, Opioid growth factor, Immune function, Postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting
Efficacy of continuous epidural infusion with epidural electric stimulation compared to conventional continuous epidural infusion for acute herpes zoster management: A retrospective study
Authors: Lee Chung Hun , Choi Sang Sik , Lee Mi Kyoung , Lee Yeon Joo , Park Jong Sun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: A continuous epidural infusion is commonly used in clinical settings, and reduces the likelihood of transition to postherpetic neuralgia via pain control. The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of conventional continuous epidural infusion to that of continuous epidural infusion where the catheter is specifically guided by electric stimulation to areas with neurological damage in the treatment of zoster-related pain and prevention of postherpetic neuralgia.

Methods: We analyzed the medical records of 114 patients in the present study. The patients were divided into two groups: contrast (conventional continuous epidural infusion), and stimulation (continuous epidural infusion with epidural electric stimulation). In the contrast group, the position of the epidural catheter was confirmed using contrast medium alone, whereas in the stimulation group, the site of herpes zoster infection was identified through electric stimulation using a guidewire in the catheter. Clinical efficacy was assessed using a numerical rating scale (pain score) up to 6 months after the procedures. We compared the percentage of patients who showed complete remission (pain score less than 2, and no further medication) in each group. We also investigated whether the patients required additional interventional treatment due to insufficient pain control during the 6-month follow-up period after each procedure.

Results: After adjusting for confounding variables, the pain score was significantly lower in the stimulation group than in the contrast group for 6 months after the procedure. The adjusted odds ratio of patients included in the complete remission category was 1.9 times higher in the stimulation group than in the contrast group (95% confidence interval: 0.81-4.44, P = 0.14). The adjusted odds ratio for other interventions within 6 months after the procedure was 3.62 times higher in the contrast group than in the stimulation group (95% confidence interval: 1.17-11.19, P = 0.03).

Conclusion: Epidural drug administration to specific spinal segments using electric stimulation catheters may be more helpful than conventional continuous epidural infusion for improving pain and preventing postherpetic neuralgia in acute phase of herpes zoster.
Natural variations of MeMYB2 in cassava varieties covering a wide range of the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes under drought
Authors: Wang Bin , Guo Xin , Li Shuxia , Liang Jiaxin , Liao Wenbin , Peng Ming 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important tropical crop with excellent stress tolerance and stress resistance genes. The antioxidant enzymes play an important role in regulating the cassava plants respond to stress. To date, little is known the relationship between natural variations of MYB genes that have been proven to regulate stress tolerance in model plants and the diversity of reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes under drought in cassava varieties. Therefore, we conducted this study to discover natural variations in MYB2 gene in association with the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes.Results Here, the relationship between the natural variation of MYB2 gene and the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes under drought in cassava were analyzed. Natural variation of antioxidant enzymes in leaf and roots of 97 cassava varieties under drought analyses indicated that the variation of the various antioxidant enzymes is very different among the cassava varieties. MeMYB2 expression profiling analysis indicated that MeMYB2 was up-regulated obviously when induced by drought stress. Re-sequencing analysis of the 97 cassava varieties indicated that the MeMYB2 gene region included 87 single nucleotide variants (SNPs) and two insertion/deletion variants (Insert/ Deletion, Indel), the SNP locus of the coding region of MeMYB2 gene can be divided into 29 haplotypes, including 7 major haplotypes. These 7 major haplotypes can be classified into two categories, one of which is more closely related to wild cassava genotype W14, which indicates that MeMYB2 is positively selected during cassava breeding. Correlation analysis between MeMYB2 and drought tolerance showed that 12 functional SNPs in the MeMYB2 coding region were significantly associated with CAT activity, proline content, SOD activity and other traits, and the prediction of interaction with key genes of drought tolerance was further confirmed that MeMYB2 and key genes involved in CAT, proline and SOD can interact through intermediate metabolic pathways.Conclusions Some natural variations exist in the MeMYB2, which might be involved in regulating the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes (SOD and CAT) changes under stress. This study will facilitate the understanding of the roles of MYBs in regulating the reactive oxygen scavenging enzymes.
Inhibition of BUB3 shunts glucose to glycolytic pathway by inducing PFKFB3 accumulation
Authors: Li Jiajin , Zhang Ruixue , Huang Gang , Liu Jianjun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Purpose: Metabolic reprogramming as a hallmark of cancer has countless connections with other biological behavior of tumor such as rapid mitosis. Mitotic checkpoint protein BUB3 as a key protein involved in the regulation of mitosis is modulated by PKM2, an important glycolytic enzyme. However the role of BUB3 in glucose metabolism remains unknown. Methods: We analyzed the TCGA data to evaluate BUB3 expression in certain tumors. The uptake of glucose and CO2 incorporation was tested by isotopic tracer methods. The lactate, NADPH, NADP and metabolic enzyme activities were tested by assay kits accordingly. Results: We show here that BUB3 is over expressed in cervical cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Interference of BUB3 increase the uptake of glucose and shunts the metabolic flux from pentose phosphate pathway to glycolytic pathway. The glycolysis metabolites lactate is increased by BUB3 interference whereas NADPH/NADP ratio is reduced. With regard to metabolic enzymes, interference of BUB3 increase PFKFB3 on protein level and enzyme activity, but not mRNA level. Moreover, the increasing of protein level is diminished when proteasome degradation pathway is blocked by MG132. Conclusions: BUB3 is a potential tumor promoter and plays certain roles in cancer cellular metabolic reprogramming.
New transpulmonary thermodilution approach to assess hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing open abdominal cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Kim Myoung Hwa , Yoo Young Chul , Bai Sun Joon , Lee Kang-Young , Kim Nayeon , Lee Ki Young 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Purpose The current treatment of peritoneal cancer combines cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). The present study aimed to use the VolumeView TM system to investigate the intraoperative physiological changes, including extravascular lung water, in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC. Methods This prospective, observational study enrolled 21 patients undergoing elective cytoreductive surgery with HIPEC at our hospital between December 2014 and April 2016. In all patients, we applied the VolumeView TM system (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA). Internal jugular vein and femoral artery accesses were required to monitor hemodynamic parameters. Data were recorded and analyzed before skin incision; 30 min before HIPEC initiation; 30, 60, and 90 min after HIPEC initiation; 30 min after HIPEC completion; and 10 min before surgery completion. Results During HIPEC, patients showed a rise in body temperature, decrease in the systemic vascular resistance index, and increase in cardiac output. The global end-diastolic volume index was 715.4–809.7, and the extravascular lung water index was 6.9–7.3. Rapid insulin (mean, 6.8 units) was administered because of increased glucose levels, and lactate levels steadily increased during HIPEC. Only 1 patient had acute kidney injury postoperatively, and the mean length of hospital stay was 17 days. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the intraoperative physiological changes in patients undergoing open cytoreductive abdominal surgery with HIPEC. Advanced hemodynamic monitoring should be considered for better anesthetic management in these patients.
Inhibition of adenosine A1 receptors abolished the nutritional ketosis-evoked delay in the onset of isoflurane-induced anesthesia in Wistar Albino Glaxo Rijswijk rats
Authors: Kovács Zsolt , Brunner Brigitta , D'Agostino Dominic P. , Ari Csilla 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background It has been demonstrated that administration of exogenous ketone supplement ketone salt (KS) and ketone ester (KE) increased blood ketone level and delayed the onset of isoflurane-induced anesthesia (immobility) in different rodent models, such as Wistar Albino Glaxo Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) rats. The modulatory effect of adenosinergic system may have a role in the ketone supplementation-evoked effects on isoflurane-generated anesthesia. Thus, we investigated whether adenosine receptor antagonists can modulate the effect of exogenous ketone supplements on the onset of akinesia induced by isoflurane.Methods To investigate the effect of exogenous ketone supplements on anesthetic induction we used ketone supplement KE, KS, KEKS (1:1 mix of KE and KS), KSMCT and KEMCT (1:1 mix of KS and KE with medium chain triglyceride/MCT oil, respectively) in WAG/Rij rats. Animals were fed with standard diet, which was supplemented by oral gavage of different ketone supplements (2.5 g/kg/day) for 1 week. After 7 days, isoflurane (3%) was administered for 5 min and the time until onset of isoflurane-induced anesthesia (immobility) was measured. Changes in levels of blood β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB), blood glucose and body weight of animals were also recorded. To investigate the putative effects of adenosine receptors on ketone supplements-evoked influence on isoflurane-induced anesthesia we used a specific adenosine A1 receptor antagonist DPCPX (intraperitoneally/i.p. 0.2 mg/kg) and a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist SCH 58261 (i.p. 0.5 mg/kg) in combination with KEKS.Results Significant increases were demonstrated in both blood βHB levels and the number of seconds required before isoflurane-induced anesthesia (immobility) after the final treatment by all exogenous ketone supplements. Moreover, this effect of exogenous ketone supplements positively correlated with blood βHB levels. It was also demonstrated that DPCPX completely abolished the effect of KEKS on isoflurane-induced anesthesia (immobility), but not SCH 58261.Conclusions These findings strengthen our previous suggestion that exogenous ketone supplements-evoked increase in ketone levels (ketosis) might affect surgical anesthetic needs. Moreover, our results demonstrate that adenosinergic system (likely through A1Rs) may modulate the influence of exogenous ketone supplements-evoked ketosis on isoflurane-generated anesthesia.
Yüksek pH Dayanımlı Yeni Tip Demir Şelat Formülünün Hazırlanması ve Yerfıstığı Üzerine Etkilerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÖNÜL İlyas , DELİKANLI Anıl , SERİN Selahattin 
Published: October 2019

Bu çalışmada daha ucuz olan sitrik asit ve trietanolamin gibi ligandlarla oluşturulan demir şelatının yüksek pH’lardaki kararlılıkları incelenmiştir. Bitkiler için önemli bir besin elementi olan demir, kireçli ve yüksek pH değerine sahip topraklarda suda çözünmeyen demir hidroksit veya demir karbonat bileşiklerini oluşturarak bitkiler için yararsız hale gelmektedir. Demir iyonunun bitki bünyesine alınması ve bitkilerdeki demir iyonu eksikliğinin giderilmesi bu iyonun suda çözünür formda olmasıyla mümkündür. Bitki bünyesine demir iyonunun alınmaması veya yetersiz alınması bitkinin demir eksikliği klorozu olmasına neden olmaktadır. Ülkemiz topraklarında rahatlıkla kullanılabilen demir şelat çözeltisi hazırlanmış ve bu demir şelat çözeltisinin NC-7 ve ÇOM yerfıstığı çeşitlerinin büyümesi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir.
A global hydrology research agenda fit for the 2030s
Authors: Wilby Robert L. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Global assessments show profound impacts of human activities on freshwater systems that, without action, are expected to reach crisis point in the 2030s. By then, the capacity of natural systems to meet rising demands for water, food, and energy could be hampered by emerging signals of anthropogenic climate change. The hydrological community has always been solution-orientated, but our generation faces perhaps the greatest array of water challenges in human history. Ambitious programmes of research are needed to fill critical data, knowledge, and skills gaps. Priorities include filling data sparse places, predicting peak water, understanding the physical drivers of mega droughts, evaluating hyper-resolution models, managing compound hazards, and adjusting water infrastructure designs to climate change. Despite the opportunities presented by big data, we must not lose sight of the deep uncertainties affecting both our raw input data and hydrological models, nor neglect the human dimensions of water system change. Community-scale projects and international research partnerships are needed to connect new hydrological knowledge with most vulnerable communities as well as to achieve more integrated and grounded solutions. With these elements in place, we will be better equipped to meet the global hydrological challenges of the 2030s and beyond.
Advanced oxidation technologies for the treatment and detoxification of olive mill wastewater: a general review
Authors: Elkacmi Reda , Bennajah Mounir 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Olive oil production has an economic importance for Mediterranean countries, ensuring employment opportunities and export earnings. The crushing units produce two types of residues, one solid (pomace) and the other liquid, called olive mill wastewater (OMW). This by-product has adverse effects on the olive oil sector and particularly on the quality of waters into which they are discharged. Hence, there is a critical need to orient the scientific research toward the treatment of this hazardous waste. Several techniques have been proposed and developed for OMW management. However, the advanced oxidation processes (AOP) remain the most advantageous with high treatment efficiencies. This trend allowed achieving a significant detoxification of OMW. A considerable amount of effort has been expanded to provide detailed and critical reviews on the use of this alternative technology in the treatment of water and wastewaters. Regrettably most, if not all, of these review papers were not focused mainly on OMW application. This paper aims to highlight the ancient and recent progress of various types of oxidation techniques for OMW treatment. Moreover, principles, advantages, limitations, and efficiencies of each method are presented, to gain a more scientific understanding of the most feasible approach regarding the treatment of this harmful residue.
Understanding the Mechanism of Cell Death in Gemcitabine Resistant Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systems Biology Approach
Authors: Aier Imlimaong , Varadwaj Pritish K. 
Published: October 2019

Background:
Gemcitabine is the standard chemotherapeutic drug administered in advanced
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, due to drug resistance in PDAC patients, this
treatment has become less effective. Over the years, clinical trials for the quest of finding novel compounds
that can be used in combination with gemcitabine have met very little success.

Objective:
To predict the driving factors behind pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and to understand
the effect of these components in the progression of the disease and their contribution to cell growth
and proliferation.

Methods:
With the help of systems biology approaches and using gene expression data, which is generally
found in abundance, dysregulated elements in key signalling pathways were predicted. Prominent
dysregulated elements were integrated into a model to simulate and study the effect of gemcitabine-
induced hypoxia.

Results:
In this study, several transcription factors in the form of key drivers of cancer-related genes
were predicted with the help of CARNIVAL, and the effect of gemcitabine-induced hypoxia on the
apoptosis pathway was shown to have an effect on the downstream elements of two primary pathway
models; EGF/VEGF and TNF signalling pathway.

Conclusion:
It was observed that EGF/VEGF signalling pathway played a major role in inducing drug
resistance through cell growth, proliferation, and avoiding cell death. Targeting the major upstream
components of this pathway could potentially lead to successful treatment.
Human Microbiome and Allergic Diseases in Children: Pathogenetic Role and Therapeutic Options
Authors: Musso Paola , Chiappini Elena , Bernardini Roberto 
Published: October 2019

:
The recent and extensive study of the microbiome has provided an enormous amount of
data concerning the type and possible functions of microorganisms present in the gut, airways, genital
tract, and skin. These data showed interpersonal differences in the composition of the microbiome
and these differences suggest a link between the microbiome, the immune modulation, and the
pathogenesis of allergic diseases.

:
This research is particularly relevant in paediatrics, since allergic diseases are constantly increasing
and there is evidence in the paediatric age that shows that the composition of the microbiome in the
foetal and neonatal period plays a key role in the development of the immune system: vaginal delivery,
breastfeeding, childhood spent in rural environments and/or in contact with animals result in
a greater biodiversity of the microbiome with the presence of protective species that reduce the activation
of Th2 lymphocytes, involved in allergic reactions.

:
Further studies are necessary to better understand the microbiota role in the pathogenesis of atopy
in order to understand if specific probiotics and prebiotics, administered orally or topically, can affect
the microbiota composition and modulate immune system functions, producing a therapeutic
effect in the treatment of allergic diseases.

:
This narrative review analysed the available literature regarding the correlation between the microbiome
and the development of allergic diseases and with special focus on paediatric studies. The
skin, gut or lung dysbiosis can be a cofactor in the pathogenesis of allergies and the remodulation
of the microbiome becomes an important therapeutic challenge.
A Review of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Tibolone: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmaceutical Formulations Analysis and Application in Doping Control
Authors: Ângelo Marilene Lopes , de Lima Moreira Fernanda , Araújo Santos Ana Laura , Nunes Salgado Hérida Regina , de Araújo Magali Benjamim 
Published: October 2019

Background::
Tibolone is a synthetic steroid commercialized by Organon under the brand
name Livial (Org OD14), which is used in hormone therapy for menopause management and treatment
of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Tibolone is defined as a selective tissue estrogenic activity regulator
(STEAR) demonstrating tissue-specific effects on several organs such as brain, breast, urogenital tract,
endometrium, bone and cardiovascular system.

Aims::
This work aims to (1) present an overview of important published literature on existing methods
for the analysis of tibolone and/or its metabolites in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids
and (2) to conduct a critical comparison of the analytical methods used in doping control, pharmacokinetics
and pharmaceutical formulations analysis of tibolone and its metabolites.

Results and conclusions: :
The major analytical method described for the analysis of tibolone in pharmaceutical
formulations is High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) coupled with ultraviolet
(UV) detection, while Liquid Chromatography (LC) or Gas Chromatography (GC) used in combination
with Mass Spectrometry (MS) or tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is employed for the analysis of
tibolone and/or its metabolites in biological fluids.