bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK METANOL DAUN ULIN (EUSIDEROXYLON ZWAGERI TEIJSM & BINN) TERHADAP EMPAT JENIS BAKTERI PATOGEN
Authors: Mariani Yeni , Yusro Fathul , Wardenaar Evy 
Published: March 2020

Abstrak: Suku Dayak Uud Danum di Kalimantan Barat memanfaatkan daun Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm & Binn) sebagai tumbuhan obat dalam pengobatan tradisional untuk mengobati berbagai penyakit seperti diare, demam dan penguat badan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis aktivitas ekstrak metanol dari daun ulin terhadap beberapa jenis bakteri patogen. Daun ulin diekstraksi dengan menggunakan metanol, kemudian diuji dengan metode difusi terhadap empat jenis bakteri yaitu Enterococcus faecalis,ÃÂ Staphylococcus aureus,ÃÂ Salmonella typhi pada empat level konsentrasi (1, 5, 10 dan 15 mg/ml) dan E. coli (50, 100, 150 dan 200 mg/ml). Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan bahwa semua level konsentrasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak metanol daun ulin semakin tinggi diameter hambat yang dihasilkan. Diameter hambat tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh konsentrasi 15 mg/ml pada jenis bakteri S. typhi (12,33 mm) dan E. coli pada konsentrasi 200 mg/ml (22,67 mm). Hasil pengujian membuktikan bahwa daun ulin yang secara tradisional digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri alami.Kata kunci: Ulin, antibakteri, Enterococcus faecalis,ÃÂ Staphylococcus aureus,ÃÂ Salmonella typhi,ÃÂ danÃÂ Escherichia coli.Abstract: Dayak Uud Danum of West Kalimantan traditionally use ulin leaves (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teisjm & Binn) to cure various diseases namely diarrhea, fever, and tonic. This present study aims to evaluate the activity of methanol extract of ulin leaves against several types of pathogenic bacteria. Ulin leaves were extracted with methanol; thus, the extract resulted tested in terms of disc diffusion Kirby and Bauer against four types of bacteria such asÃÂ Enterococcus faecalis,ÃÂ Staphylococcus aureus,ÃÂ Salmonella typhi (1, 5, 10, and 15 mg/ml), andÃÂ Escherichia coli (50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/ml). The results showed that all levels of concentration significantly affect the inhibition growth of pathogenic bacteria. The higher the concentration of methanol extract of ulin leaves used, the higher the inhibition zone produced. The highest response inhibition growth showed from the highest level of 15 mg/ml onÃÂ S. tyhpiÃÂ (12.33 mm),ÃÂ andÃÂ E. coliÃÂ was 200 mg/ml (22.67 mm). It suggested that the leaves of ulin which traditionally used as medicinal plant have the potency as natural antibacterial agents.Keywords: Ulin, antibacterial, Enterococcus faecalis,ÃÂ Staphylococcus aureus,ÃÂ Salmonella typhi,ÃÂ andÃÂ Escherichia coli.
Model Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Pesantren Salafi dan Khalafi
Authors: Tolinggi Syindi Oktaviani R 
Published: March 2020

This study aims at finding out more deeply how the Arabic learning method in Salafi-style boarding school and Khalafi-style boarding school. This study selected Salafiyah Syafi`iyah boarding school in Pohuwato and Hubulo boarding school in Tapa, Gorontalo as the location. This study is field research using qualitative research methods. As the main instrument, the researchers used other instruments to collect data in the form of observation sheets, interview guidelines and documents. The subjects of this study were Arabic language teachers, students and Pesantren’s Leaders. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data display and conclusion and verification. The results of this study indicated that the Salafiyah Boarding Shool Pohuwato is a Salafi-style Boarding School. Arabic instruction in this boarding school focuses on grammatical competence or language structure (Nahwu & Sarf) which is applied in the study of the bare book. The learning method used traditional learning methods, such as Sorogan, Bandongan, Wetonan, Pesantren Kilat. While the Hubulo boarding school Tapa is a khalafi-style with active Arabic learning that is not only theory and learning grammar rules, but the also implemented the communcative langauage teaching by practicing daily vocabulary building , daily conversation routine, daily expressions, and Arabic speech training.
PEMBENTUKAN PERATURAN DAERAH YANG RESPONSIF DALAM MENDUKUNG OTONOMI DAERAH
Authors: Suharjono Muhammad 
Published: March 2020

This research aims to generate a responsive regional legislation in support of the implementation of regional autonomy. So that the implementation of regional autonomy does not give birth to new problems that can impede development and economic growth of a region. In this legal research Â used several approach es including; approach primary legislation Law No.32 of 2004 on regional autonomy and Law No.12 of 2011 on the Â establishment of legislation. O ther approach esare being approached on a case, the historical approach, comparative approaches, and conceptual approaches.Keywords: Local regulation, Regional autonomy,authority.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA ANAK KONFLIK HUKUM
Authors: Afifah Wiwik 
Published: March 2020

Dalam perkembangan era globalisasi, arus media dan teknologi menjadi pengaruh terbesar bagi anak yang mengalami masa tumbuh kembang. dalam masa tersebut, anak seringkali tidak mendapatkan pola asuh yang tepat oleh orang tua maupun institusi tumbuh kembang dan pendidikan anak, sehingga anak banyak terjebak dalam kenakalan remaja, mulai dari tingkat yang ringan seperti miras, penyalahgunaan narkotika, bulliying hingga memperdagangan teman sebayanya. Menyikapi hal ini, anak harus tetap bertanggungjawab atas perilaku yang dilakukannya agar dia mendapatkan pembeajaran dan perubahan diri. Hal ini diatur oleh Undang-UndangÂ nomer 23 tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak dan Undang-Undang nomer 11 tahun 2012 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak memiliki alternatif pemidanaan anak yang bebrasi perlindungan anak.Â Kata Kunci: anak konflik hukum, pertanggungjawaban pidana anak
Bonum Commune Peraturan Daerah Kota Surabaya Nomor 19Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Pohon
Authors: Michael Tomy 
Published: March 2020

Manusia sebagai subjek hukum dalam Perda Surabaya No. 12-2014 tidak dapat menciptakanÂ bonum commune bagi pohon. Tidak adanya frasa tertulis yang menyatakan bahwa pohonÂ merupakan hal utama dalam Perda Surabaya No. 12-2014. Kesimpulan yang diperolehbahwa Perda Surabaya No. 12-2014 tidak menciptakan bonum commune dalam konteksÂ apakah itu pohon dan bagi manusia sebagai subjek hukum. Bonum commune yangÂ dikehendaki dalam Perda Surabaya No. 12-2014 hanya sebuah landasan semu dalam konsiderans karena tidak ada kesinkronan antara pasal yang satu dengan pasal yangÂ lainnya. Saran yang diambil yaitu bagi Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kota SurabayaÂ dalam merencanakan peraturan daerah harus mengetahui hakikat utama peraturan daerahyang akan dibentuk dan teleologi apakah yang dikehendaki sehingga terciptalah keadilanÂ hukum sebagai bonum commune, bagi Walikota Surabaya agar menunjukkan kemapananÂ posisi sebagai walikota Surabaya (posisi tawar yang tinggi) dalam hal ini dapat melakukanketidaksetujuan terhadap perencanaan suatu peraturan daerah dan bagi Kepala BagianÂ Hukum Kota Surabaya agar mampu memilah peraturan perundang-undangan yang sifatnyaÂ mengatur dan mengurus.Kata kunci: bonum commune, Perda Surabaya No. 12-2014, pohon.
ASPEK HUKUM KREDIT BERMASALAH DI PT. BANK INTERNATIONAL INDONESIA CABANG SURABAYA
Authors: Susatyo Rakhmad 
Published: March 2020

Banking was one of fund resource for both individual and corporation in order to fulfill need of fund. In giving the credit banking will be carefully and through deep analysis. But in giving their credit some times credit given by the debtor not back on time. This condition called credit problem. That credit problem annoyed bank performance, therefore credit problem should be solved by both litigation or non litigation line. PT. Bank International IndonesiaSurabaya Branch Office as research located of this tesis to choose credit problem by non litigation line. This research uses a normative juridical approach method, which is a research that uses the legal norms which are explained to those ways of researching and discussing the legal regulations in effect at this time. More emphasis on the normativeÂ study of the legislation concerning the settlement of problem loan for banking.Key word : credit, litigation, non litigation
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEREMPUAN KORBAN PERKOSAAN YANG MELAKUKAN ABORSI
Authors: Afifah Wiwik 
Published: March 2020

Korban pemerkosaan mengalami banyak kerugian diantaranya fisik, spikis, seksual dan ekonomi. Dampak ini menekan korban secara psikis atas ketidak siapkannya menerima kenyataan harus mengalami kehamilan. Oleh karenanya korban perkosaan seringkali melakukan aborsi atau pengguguran janin secara sengaja. Aborsi dilarang oleh Undang-Undang No.39 tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan, namun khusus korban perkosaan dikecualikan dengan syarat adanya indikasi kedaruratan media yang dideteksi sejak usia dini kehamilan, baik yang mengancam nyawa ibu dan/atau janin, kehamilan akibat perkosaan yang dapat menyebabkan trauma psikologis bagi korban perkosaan. Pelaksanaan aborsi oleh korban perkosaan dapat dilakukan dengan beragam persyaratan baik secara legalmaupun sosial. Adanya kelompok masyarakat yang menentang aborsi pada korban perkosaan dirasa telah bertentangan juga dengan Pasal 49 ayat 3 UU No 39 tahun 1999 tentang HAM, menyatakan bahwa perempuanÂ berhak memperoleh perlindungan hukum yang berkaitan dengan fungsi reproduksinya.Key Word : Korban Perkosaan, Aborsi, Perlindungan Hukum
Efektivitas Dakwah melalui Instagram
Authors: Nurrahmi Febri , Farabuana Puteri 
Published: March 2020

Para pendakwah saat ini banyak memanfaatkan media sosial untuk berdakwah. Akun Instagram Pemuda Hijrah merupakan salah satu akun dakwah di Instagram yang memuat video dakwah, menayangkan kajian keislaman dengan tema perbaikan diri dan mengajak anak muda untuk hijrah. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori pembelajaran sosial untuk mengetahui bagaimana efektivitas akun Instagram Pemuda Hijrah sebagai media dakwah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif eksplanatif melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi nonpartisipan terhadap tujuh follower pada akun Pemuda Hijrah, serta dengan menonton video akun Instagram Pemuda Hijrah minimal tiga kali dalam satu minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi dakwah menggunakan video yang disebarkan melalui akun Pemuda Hijrah tergolong efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman agama, memberi motivasi, dan mendorong perubahan perilaku informan menjadi lebih religius.Kata kunci: Dakwah, Instagram, Pemuda Hijrah, video ABSTRACTNowadays, Islamic clerks make use of social media to propagate Islamic teachings. The Instagram account of Pemuda Hijrah is one of the Instagram accounts that contain videos promoting Islamic teachings on self- improvement and inviting young people to convert to Islamic practices. Using social learning theory, this study aims to learn the effectiveness of the Instagram account of Pemuda Hijrah as a preaching channel. This study employed an explanatory qualitative method using in-depth interviews and nonparticipant observations. The informants were seven followers of the Instagram account and regularly watched videos on the account at least three times a week. The results show that spreading Islamic teaching through videos on the Instagram account have been effective increase comprehension, stimulate motivation and encourage informant to be more religious. Keywords: Islamic preaching, Instagram, Pemuda Hijrah, video
Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil of Cymbopogon flexuosus
Authors: Bhatnagar Anju 
Published: March 2020

Cymbopogon species from the Poaceae family are widely distributed in the Himalayan region of India and commonly used as flavors, fragrances, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. It is known to contain compound citral, which give the lemon scent to many of the plants of the cymbopogon genera. The essential oil of Cymbopogon flexuosus has high polyphenolic content which is responsible for antioxidant properties. Beside citral is also used for the synthesis of vitamin B and Ionones. The bioactive potential of Lemongrass and constituent are rapidly increasing which is reflected from growing number of reports being published. The present study was to know the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of essential oil of C. flexuosus from Uttarakhand. The essential oils of Cymbopogon collected in the region of Uttarakhand were obtained by hydrodistillation of the leaves and analyzed for chemical composition by GC/MS. The antioxidant activity of essential oils at different concentrations was determined against DPPH radical activity and vitamin C as the standard antioxidant compound. The IC50 value and percentage of DPPH inhibition were recorded. Twenty-five compounds were identified in essential oil extracted from leaves representing 93.15% of the oil composition. The yield of essential oil of Cymbopogon was 0.6 + 0.1 %and the major compound in the essential oil was citral (a racemic mixture of two isoforms geranial and nearl) followed by heptenone(1.98%) , linalool(1.65%), geraniol (1.47%), ?-caryophyllene (1.14% ) , limonene (0.92%), nearl acetate (0.82%), citronellal(0.44 %) and citronellol (0.22%). Radical scavenging capacity (Inhibition, %) of the C. flexuosus essential oil was high (78.19+1.11) at the concentration level of 150 ?g/ml and IC50 value of the essential oil was 43.67?g/ml. The data of this study encourages to consider the essential oil of C. flexuosus as a source of bioactive compounds which may add great industrial value to this crop.
Modelling the Hydration kinetics of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) in sodium salts using Response surface methodology
Authors: Agarwal Nisha , Singh Gurmukh , Kumbhar B. K. 
Published: March 2020

The present work investigated the effect of salt solutions of sodium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate on the water uptake by kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) at different temperatures (30, 45 and 60 0C). Thirty-five soaking solutions were prepared using NaCl and NaHCO3 to find the optimum soaking treatment and time to maximise the hydration. Hydration kinetics of kidney beans was studied in different concentrations of the salt solutions and at different temperatures by the method of weight gain until equilibrium conditions were attained. Response surface methodology was used to design the experiments and to optimize the levels for minimum soaking time and to maximize the hydration. The soaking solutions affected the mass transfer in both seed coat and cotyledon, demonstrating changes on both proteins and polysaccharides. Increasing the temperature from 30 to 60 0 C in sodium chloride solution and sodium bicarbonate solution (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% concentration) decreased the soaking time from >225min and 225 min to 82.5 min and 73.5 min respectively to achieve around 80% hydration. Beans soaked in sodium bicarbonate solution exhibited higher hydration rates than in distilled water followed by sodium chloride solution at the same salt concentration. Soaking for about three hours at 300C resulted in maximum hydration. The optimum soaking treatment was found to be in a salt solution containing 1.10% NaCl and 0.92% NaHCO3 at 300C which resulted in a soaking time of 193.45 min. This work demonstrated a simple and non-tedious approach for enhancing the hydration process of grains.
ADDITIONAL HEAD OF STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID MUSCLE. FASCÍCULO ADICIONAL DEL MÚSCULO ESTERNOCLEIDOMASTOIDEO
Authors: Billakanti Prakash B. 
Published: March 2020

Un caso raro de cabeza unilateral y adicional de músculo esternocleidomastoideo fue encontrado en un cadáver masculino adulto en el lado izquierdo. Esta cabeza se originó en el tercio medio de la clavícula y se unió al resto del músculo en su centro. Sin embargo, no había tal tropiezo adicional en el lado opuesto. No había variaciones en su suministro de inserción y nervio. Esta observación puede ser de importancia para los cirujanos de cabeza y cuello y cirujanos de cirugía plástica durante su práctica clínica A rare case of unilateral, additional head of sternocleidomastoid muscle was found in an adult male cadaver on the left side. This head originated from the middle one third of the clavicle and joined the rest of the muscle in its middle. However, there was no such additional slip on the right side. There were no variations in its insertion and nerve supply. This observation may be of importance to head and neck surgeons and plastic surgeons during their clinical practice.
ESTUDIO MORFOLÓGICO DEL PTERION Y ASTERION EN CRÁNEOS ADULTOS MEXICANOS. Estudio morfológico del pterion y asterion en cráneos adultos mexicanos
Authors: Morales Ávalos Rodolfo , Aguilar Alvarado Mario v , Elizondo Omaña Rodrigo E , Guzmán López Santos 
Published: March 2020

Introducción. El pterion y asterion son puntos craneométricos de confluencia sutural observables en una vista lateral del cráneo, ambos representan puntos de referencia y/o acceso dentro del campo de la neurocirugía así como puntos de importancia dentro de la antropología física y medicina legal por sus diferencias morfológicas entre las diferentes poblaciones. Materiales y Métodos. Se examinaron ochenta y cinco cráneos secos de adultos mexicanos bilateralmente, se obtuvieron las distancias promedio entre el centro del pterion y el borde posterior de la sutura frontocigomática, borde superior del arco cigomático, base de la fosa mandibular, vértice de la apófisis mastoides y el centro del asterion. Resultados. Se identificaron cuatro tipos de pterion: esfenoparietal (90%), estellar (4.12%), epiptérico (3.53%) y frontotemporal (2.35%). Se identificaron dos tipos de asterion: tipo 1 (7.06%) y tipo 2 (92.94%). Conclu-siones. Los resultados obtenidos en la morfología sutural de ambos puntos y los resultados de las mediciones son de importancia para el abordaje neuroquirúrgico del cráneo, patólogos forenses y antropólogos. Introduction. Pterion and asterion are craniometrical landmarks of sutural confluence observable in a lateral view of the skull. Both represent points of reference and/or access in the field of neurosurgery, and are aspects of importance in disciplines such as physical anthropology and legal medicine for the morphological differences between the different populations. Materials and Methods. Examinations were conducted bilaterally in 85 (eighty five) dry skulls from Mexican adults. The average distances were obtained from the center of the pterion to the following landmarks: posterior edge of the frontozygomatic suture, superior edge of the zygomatic arch, base of the mandibular fossa, vertex of the mastoid process and the center of the asterion. Results. Four types of pterion were identified: sphenoparietal (90%), stellar (4.12%), epipteric (3.53%) and frontotemporal (2.35%). Two types of asterion were identified: type 1 (7.06%) and type 2 (92.94%). Conclusions. The results obtained in the analysis of the sutural morphology of both landmarks and the results of the measurements are of importance for the neurosurgical access of the skull, and are as well relevant to forensic pathologists and anthropologists.
INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY CLASSIFICATION AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE. Clasificación de la arteria ilíaca interna y su significación clínica
Authors: Al Talalwah Waseem 
Published: March 2020

En estudios anteriores de la arteria ilíaca interna se la ha clasificado en cinco tipos; sin embargo en base a una revisión de estos estudios parece que no hay una clasificación asociada en coexistencia con una arteria ciática. En este estudio, basado en la disección de 171 cadáveres (92 hombres y 79 mujeres), en 65 especímenes del tipo de la arteria ilíaca interna no podía ser clasificada debido a la presencia de una arteria ciática o ausencia de la arteria glútea inferior. Por lo tanto, se propone un sistema de clasificación modificado, ya que es esencial para los radiólogos, cirujanos ortopédicos, obstetras, ginecólogos y urólogos, para ser capaces de reconocer la organización de las principales ramas de las ramas ilíacas internas y evitar el trauma iatrogénico y las complicaciones postquirúrgicas, así como mejorar el manejo del paciente. In previous studies the internal iliac artery has been classified into five types; however based on a review of these studies it does not appear a classification associated with the coexistence of the sciatic artery. In this study, based on 171 dissected cadavers (92 male, 79 female), in 65 specimens the type of internal iliac artery could not be classified due to the presence of a sciatic artery or absence of the inferior gluteal artery. A modified classification system is therefore proposed as it is essential for radiologists, orthopedics, surgeons, obstetricians, gynecologists and urologists to be able to recognize the organization of the major branches of the internal iliac branches to avoid iatrogenic trauma and postsurgical complications, as well as to improve patient management.
DOUBLE MIDDLE COLIC ARTERIES IN A FEMALE CADAVER OF ASIAN ORIGIN - A CASE REPORT. Doble arteria cólica media en un cadáver femenino de origen asiático – Presentación de un caso
Authors: Ramasamy Chitra , Kumaran Ramasamy Shakthi 
Published: March 2020

Tener conocimiento de las variantes en el suministro vascular del tracto gastrointestinal es esencial, sobre todo en procesos quirúrgicos de mínimamente invasivos. Se describe la rara variante de la arteria cólica media doble – arteria principal cólica media derecha de la arteria mesentérica superior y arteria accesoria cólica media izquierda del tronco celíaco en un cadáver femenino durante la disección ante estudiantes universitarios. Una arteriografía selectiva preoperatoria es importante para determinar tales anomalías antes de realizar resecciones pancreáticas electivas. Knowledge of variant vascular supply of the gastrointestinal tract is essential, especially in minimal access surgical procedures. We describe the rare variation of double middle colic arteries, the main right middle colic artery from the superior mesenteric artery and the accessory left middle colic artery from the celiac trunk in a female cadaver during dissection for undergraduate students. A pre-operative selective arteriogram is important to determine such anomalies prior to performing elective pancreatic resections
CHRISTOPHER WREN: EL DIBUJANTE DEL POLÍGONO DE WILLIS. Cristopher Wren: the artist of the circle of Willis
Authors: Martínez Fernando 
Published: March 2020

El polígono vascular de la base del cerebro lleva como epónimo el apellido de quien lo describiera de forma detallada en 1664: Thomas Willis. Christopher Wren fue quien realizó los dibujos que inmortalizaron la descripción original de esta estructura anatómica. Wren fue un importante hombre de ciencias londi-nense que vivió entre 1632 y 1723. Fue arquitecto de profesión, pero se desempeñó también en las matemáticas y la astronomía. En el presente artículo se analiza una breve biografía de Wren. The arterial circle of the brain is called “circle of Willis” in honor to the man who described it in 1664: Thomas Willis. Christopher Wren (1632-1723), was a renewed architect, who made the original drawings of the book of Willis. In this short historical note, we made a bibliographical sketch of Christopher Wren.