bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Mesh Infection After Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair
Authors: Luo Yun , Wang Chongshu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Mesh infection after inguinal hernia repair (MILIHR) is one of the rare and most serious complications. The aim of our study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment methods of MILIHR.Methods: Two MILIHR cases admitted to Beibei Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital were reported, and 32 MILIHR cases reported in Chinese and English literatures were retrieved. The clinical features and treatment of MILIHR in 34 cases were analyzed.Results: In case 1, medical glue was found in in the infected area, and in case 2, the infection focal point was the residual hernia sac covering the pus. Risk factors of other cases included obesity, smoking, malignant tumor, diabetes, postoperative hematoma, postoperative aspiration of seroma, steroid or immunosuppressive drugs use, etc. The results of pathogen culture showed that there were 14 cases of Staphylococcus, 5 cases of Escherichia coli, 5 cases of Pseudomonas, 1 case of Hemolytic streptococcus, 2 cases of fungi, 2 cases of pseudoinfection (rejection). 33 cases were cured after the mesh was removed, and 1 case was cured after conservative treatment. The mesh was removed by laparoscopic surgery in 22 cases and by open surgery in 11 cases.Conclusions: The risk factors of MILIHR are multifactorial，and the using of medical glue and residual hernia sac may be the risk factors of mesh infection. The main pathogens of MILIHR were Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas. The most reliable way to treat MILIHR is to remove the mesh completely. The removal of the infected mesh by laparoscopic surgery can clearly identify the important anatomical structures and avoid anterior approach abdominal wall damage during re-hernia repair.
Cross-Sectional Surveys as A Tool To Study Epidemiological Factors And Exploring Social Dynamics of Seasonal Influenza In Malta
Authors: Marmarà Vincent , Marmarà Danika , McMenemy Paul , Kleczkowski Adam 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Seasonal influenza has major implications for healthcare services as outbreaks often lead to high activity levels in the health system. Mathematical models have extensively been used to predict epidemics of infectious diseases such as seasonal influenza and to assess effectiveness of proposed control strategies. However, the availability of comprehensive and reliable datasets is limited. In this paper we combine a unique epidemiological dataset collected in Malta through GPs with a novel method that uses cross-sectional surveys to study the dynamics of seasonal influenza in Malta in 2014-2016, to include social dynamics and self-perception related to seasonal influenza.Methods: Two cross-sectional public surveys (n=406 per survey) were performed by phone across the Maltese population in 2014-15 and 2015-16 influenza seasons. Survey results were compared with incidence data (diagnosed seasonal influenza cases) collected by GPs in the same period and with Google Trends data for Malta. The information was collected on whether participants recollected their health status in past months, occurrences of influenza symptoms, hospitalisation rates due to seasonal influenza, whether they sought GP advice, and other medical information. Results: We demonstrate that cross-sectional surveys are a reliable alternative source of data to medical records. The two surveys gave comparable results, indicating that the level of recollection among the public is high. Based on two seasons of data, the reporting rate in Malta varies between 14% and 22%. The comparison with Google Trends suggests that the online searches peak at about the same time as the maximum extent of the epidemic, but then the public interest declines and returns to the background level. We also found that the public intensively searched the Internet for influenza-related terms even when the number of cases was low.Conclusions: Our research shows that a telephone survey is an appropriate way to gain deeper insight into the population self-perception of influenza and its symptoms and to provide another benchmark for medical statistics provided by GPs and Google Trends. The information collected in different ways can be used to improve epidemiological modelling capacity for seasonal influenza and other infectious diseases, thus contributing to public health.
Ad﻿hatoda Vasica: a potential ayurvedic intervention against COVID-19 associated impaired immune response and hypoxia-inflammation phenotype
Authors: Gheware Atish , Dholakia Dhwani , Kannan S. , Panda Lipsa , Anand Vivek , Rani Ritu , Pattnaik Bijay Ranjan , Jain Vaibhav , Subramanian V , Mukerji Mitali , Agrawal Anurag , Prasher Bhavana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The importance of hypoxia inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1α) stabilization in uncontrolled infection and inflammation is widely accepted. Several inhibitors of HIF signalling are in clinical trials for malignancy, ischemia and inflammatory diseases. Increased hypoxia is being reported to be an important modifier for several pathological features of COVID-19 such as impaired immunity, hyper-inflammation, thrombosis, lung injury and sepsis. Methods: In this study we tested the effect of whole aqueous extract Adhatoda Vasica (AV), that our group has shown to have anti-hypoxic and anti-inflammatory effects, on various outcomes of hypoxic response. Effects of AV were assessed in preclinical mouse models of pulmonary fibrosis, bacterial sepsis and siRNA induced hypoxia-thrombosis phenotype. Therapeutic relevance of AV in current pandemic were also examined through transcriptome and molecular docking analysis. Results: Oral administration AV extract attenuated the increased levels of airway inflammation, collagen content, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), IL-6, HIF-1α and improved the overall survival rate in bleomycin treated and Cecum Ligation and Puncture (CLP) induced mice. AV treatment also rescued the prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (phd2) siRNA induced HIF-1α and associated blood coagulation phenotypes in mice. Transcriptome analysis of lungs of AV treated naïve mice reveal downregulation of hypoxia, inflammation, TGF-β1 and angiogenesis and upregulation of adaptive immunity related genes. These genes and pathways show opposite expression in transcriptome of BALF and PBMCs of SARS-CoV2 infected patient. Molecular docking of AV constituents presents in extract reveal many molecules with low binding energy (≤ -8) to multiple SARS-CoV2 and host target proteins that are relevant in viral entry and replication. Conclusion: Our results provide a scientific rationale for this ayurvedic herbal medicine in ameliorating the anti-inflammatory and anti-HIF-1α effect for potential use in management of COVID19 patients.
ASSESSMENT OF STIGMATIZATION AND DISCRIMINATION OF HIV-INFECTED PERSONS IN PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Datsyuk Victoriya 
Published: October 2020

The aim of the study. Finding out the attitude of the respondents to HIV-infected / AIDS patients, their awareness of the ways of HIV infection.
Methods. A survey of teachers and students of Kyiv City Medical College was conducted (educational institution of 1–2 levels of accreditation). The total number of students, who participated in the study, was 150 people aged 17 to 25 years. The survey involved 62 teachers aged 30 to 65 years. In order to find out the level of stigmatization of people living with HIV, a questionnaire has been developed that contains questions, related to various aspects of HIV infection and the lives of HIV-infected people.
Results. The study showed a high willingness to stigmatize and discriminate against people living with HIV / AIDS by teachers and medical school workers. The problem of reasonable stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV is the low level of knowledge about the epidemic. This is especially true for work. A tolerant attitude towards HIV-infected people from work and lectures at medical college is directly related to the awareness of these problems.
The high level of stigma and discrimination against HIV-infected students and teachers in medical schools is reflected in the willingness to refuse medical care to people living with HIV. The state's information policy in the field of combating stigma and discrimination against HIV-infected people is imperfect and insufficient.
Сonclusions. The study shows the imperfection of the existing system of medical education in the field of upbringing of tolerant attitude to vulnerable groups, in particular to HIV-infected. In this area, the existing system of medical education needs to be improved and modernized. The aggravation of the problem of stigmatization and discrimination of HIV-infected people, the ineffectiveness of outdated methods requires the search for new approaches to its solution.
Water reuse in hydroponic systems: a realistic future scenario for Germany? Facts and evidence gained during a transdisciplinary research project
Authors: Winker Martina , Fischer Michaela , Bliedung Alexa , Bürgow Grit , Germer Jörn , Mohr Marius , Nink Andreas , Schmitt Bea , Wieland Arne , Dockhorn Thomas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The HypoWave transdisciplinary research project investigated the innovation of water reuse in a hydroponic system, focusing on its applicability in Germany. The methods applied were the operation of a pilot plant for the appropriate treatment and subsequent reuse of water in a hydroponic system, expert interviews, feasibility studies, an impact assessment and a stakeholder dialogue. To identify the concept's advantages and disadvantages, publications specialising in the various disciplines involved and meeting protocols were analysed and the results grouped together in a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis. This revealed that the system has potential for application in Germany subject to certain requirements being met, such as suitable local wastewater treatment conditions and actors looking for new business opportunities within agricultural production. This system is not recommended for the country as a whole, but it does offer an interesting alternative for locations that meet the appropriate conditions. Nevertheless, additional efforts and knowledge are required to promote and operate a new system of this kind. These include the reliable supply of irrigation water with guaranteed plant nutrition, comprehensive quality management to manage potential risks, a good understanding of the cooperation arrangements required and a more detailed examination of energy aspects.
Effect of Attachment and Personality Styles on the Ability to Interpret Emotional Vocal Expressions: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Esposito Anna , Troncone Alda 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Taking attachment as its theoretical reference, the post-rationalist approach within cognitive theory has outlined two basic categories of the regulation of cognitive and emotional processes: the outward and inward personality orientations. Research on the role of attachment style in individuals’ ability to decode emotions has never considered inward and outward orientations.

Objective:
This cross-sectional study was conducted to compare individuals with different attachment styles and different inward/outward personality organizations on their ability to decode vocal emotions.

Methods:
After being assessed for attachment and personality styles, a sample of university students performed an emotional-decoding task, and their accuracy (Study 1) and reaction time (Study 2) was measured. Gender effects were also examined.

Results:
No significant differences in emotion decoding accuracy emerged among individuals with either secure or insecure attachment styles and either inward or outward personality orientations. Both secure and inward individuals were significantly faster than insecure and outward ones in decoding vocal expressions of joy, whereas securely attached individuals were faster than insecure ones in decoding vocal expressions of anger.

Conclusion:
Considering that the recognition of emotion falls within the basic skills upon which typical social interactions are based, the findings can be useful to enhance the comprehension of personality-related factors involved in the context of daily social interactions.
Evaluación de la calidad seminal de conejos alimentados con dietas que contienen diferentes niveles de inclusión de semillas de linaza (Linum usitatissimum)
Authors: Moya Romero Diana Carolina , Pires Barbosa Larissa , Morais Machado William , Santana da França Caline , Albuquerque Vieira Renan Luíz , Silva Mendes Claudineia , Almeida Santana Ana Lúcia , Silva Souza Rosiléia 
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la semilla de linaza (Linum usitatissimum) en la calidad física y morfológica del semen fresco y refrigerado de conejos. Se emplearon 20 machos Nueva Zelandia distribuidos en grupos según niveles de inclusión de semilla en su dieta durante 100 días: 0 %, 3 %, 6 % y 9 %. 15 días después de iniciar el suministro de la dieta se realizaron colectas seminales una vez por semana con vagina artificial y una hembra como maniquí. Para la evaluación física y morfológica se diluyó en medio Tris-yema y refrigerado a 5 °C; se valoró la motilidad espermática progresiva, el vigor espermático y la morfología espermática a las 0, 2, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas post-refrigeración. La información fue analizada mediante análisis de varianza y de regresión al 5 % de significancia. Para la morfología, volumen, color y aspecto seminal del semen fresco (p > 0,05) no hubo diferencia. Para volumen, turbidez, motilidad, vigor y concentración, hubo valores medios de 0,92 ± 0,24 mL; 0,86 ± 0,35; 76,58 ± 7,13 %; 3,37 ± 0,28 y 205,75 ± 20,77 × 106 sptz, respectivamente. Hubo diferencia para motilidad y vigor espermático a las 0, 2, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas post-refrigeración (p < 0,005). Se concluyó que la inclusión de hasta 9 % de semilla de linaza en la dieta de conejos no alteró los parámetros físicos y microscópicos evaluados en este estudio en semen fresco y refrigerado de conejo.
Borges a la sombra de Lovecraft: There are More Things
Authors: Torres-Scott Andrés 
Published: October 2020

Resumen:Este ensayo estudia el cuento “There are More Things” (TMT) como un pastiche en homenaje a Lovecraft. El análisis identifica cómo Borges construyó TMT al incluir una por una todas las características de la weird tale que explica Lovecraft en Introduction to Supernatural Horror in Literature, así como otros elementos de los cuentos de Lovecraft que probablemente leyó Borges. Como resultado, el cuento TMT de Borges no solo emula el estilo del horror cósmico de Lovecraft, sino que también incluye los ocho elementos que Lovecraft consideró indispensables en este género. This paper studies Borges’ short story “There are More Things” (TMT) as a pastiche in homage to Lovecraft. The analysis identifies how Borges built TMT by including one by one all the characteristics of the weird tale as explained by Lovecraft in his Introduction to Supernatural Horror in Literature as well as other elements from his tales that Borges probably read. As a result, Borges’ TMT is a tale that does not only emulates Lovecraft’s cosmic horror style, but also includes all the elements Lovecraft deemed indispensable in this genre. Palabras clave:Keywords: Borges, Lovecraft, weird tale, supernatural, cosmic horror, atmosphere.
Métodos de tratamiento superficial y su efecto en las propiedades físico mecánicas de fibras de guadua
Authors: Sánchez Martha Lissette , Patiño William , Cárdenas Jhon 
Published: October 2020

El uso de fibras vegetales como refuerzo de compuestos poliméricos de aplicación en ingeniería civil requiere la implementación de métodos de modificación de su superficie. En este trabajo se presenta la evaluación del efecto de la modificación de la superficie en las propiedades de fibras extraídas del varillón de culmos de bambú Guadua Angustifolia Kunth. La obtención de las fibras se realizó por medio de un proceso de trituración mecánica. La modificación superficial se realizó utilizando dos métodos de tratamiento: alcalino y tratamiento con plasma. Para observar la composición química de las fibras y su morfología fueron obtenidas imágenes por medio de microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB). La rugosidad de las fibras sin tratamiento fue determinada mediante microscopia de fuerza atómica (AFM). El índice de cristalinidad fue determinado mediante Difracción de Rayos X (XRD). La caracterización mecánica se centró en ensayos de resistencia a tensión. Los resultados de la caracterización física y mecánica permiten comprobar que al realizar un tratamiento superficial es posible remover parcialmente la lignina, la hemicelulosa y otras impurezas, lo cual contribuye a incrementar la resistencia y la rugosidad de las fibras promoviendo una mejor adherencia con las resinas usadas habitualmente en la elaboración de materiales compuestos. Fibras tratadas con plasma mostraron un incremento en su resistencia y rigidez. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que al emplear este tipo de tratamiento, es posible incrementar la resistencia a tensión de las fibras hasta en un 25%.
Evaluación del comportamiento de un motor diésel modo encendido provocado con biogás enriquecido con CH4 e hidrógeno
Authors: Cardona Vargas Arley Johany , Jaramillo Álvarez Jonathan Steven , Amell Arrieta Andrés Adolfo 
Published: October 2020

El uso de combustibles renovables provenientes de fuentes distintas a las fósiles toma importancia como alternativa a fuentes energéticas, en este caso el biogás. Sin embargo, motores exclusivos de uso de biogás tienen un alto costo económico, y poca disponibilidad comercial para bajas potencias, lo que hace difícil el aprovechamiento de dicho combustible sin la presencia del combustible diésel. Por lo que en este trabajo un motor de encendido por compresión se modifica a modo encendido provocado, sin cambiar la relación de compresión con el fin de lograr eficiencias efectivas altas. En este trabajo se analiza el comportamiento mecánico y ambiental de un motor estacionario diésel de 1550 cm3, con una potencia nominal de 20 kW@3000 rpm, con una relación de compresión de 15.5:1, adaptado a encendido provocado. Para el desarrollo de las pruebas planteadas en este trabajo se tiene las siguientes condiciones, el motor gira a 1800 rpm a 4 kW que corresponde al 57% de la carga del motor, a una presión atmosférica de 0.852 bar que corresponde a la ciudad de Medellín, trabajando con mezclas de metano (CH4) y dióxido de carbono (CO2) con el objetivo de simular la composición de un biogás común (60% CH4 – 40% CO2), y de biogás enriquecido (70% CH4 – 30% CO2 y 80% CH4 – 20% CO2), donde cada una de las mezclas fueron enriquecidas con adiciones de hidrógeno en porcentajes de 0%, 5%, 10% y 15% en volumen, la adición de hidrógeno presenta ventajas en la combustión ya que extiende los límites de inflamabilidad del biogás, además contribuye a la disminución de gases de efecto invernadero como el CO2, y de contaminantes como CO e hidrocarburos sin quemar, sin embargo la adición de hidrógeno aumenta las emisiones de NOx. Se encontró que la adición de 15% de hidrógeno mejora significativamente las propiedades de combustión cuando se hace uso de una mezcla combustible pobre, equivalente a un dosado relativo de 0.822, para el caso del biogás puro, mientras que para las mezclas de biogás con hidrógeno no se encontraron mejoras significativas en el comportamiento mecánico y ambiental del motor.
Violência e história: o lebenswelt da política.
Authors: Falabretti Ericson Sávio 
Published: October 2020

Esse texto retoma a crítica de Merleau-Ponty ao livro Zero e o Infinito, no qual o escritor Arthur Koestler denuncia a violência perpetrada pelo regime estalinista através da narrativa do julgamento do líder comunista Rubashov. Desse modo, analisando o debate que confronta a crítica de Merleau-Ponty à obra de Koestler e a retomada da interpretação trágica da história a partir do marxismo, sustentamos a presença ambígua do humanismo e do terror, da fatalidade e da universalidade como elementos estruturantes do lebenswelt da política.
La biblioteca escolar y el perfil del bibliotecario escolar
Authors: Conforti Noemí , Palacios Claudia Marisol , Varela María Segunda 
Published: October 2020

El concepto de biblioteca escolar requiere una nueva mirada y profesionalización en competencias por parte de los bibliotecarios escolares sobre el uso e impacto de las herramientas digitales en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje para poder impulsar programaciones transversales. En este trabajo se invita a la reflexión para generar un debate acerca de las bibliotecas escolares y el rol de los profesionales en el transitar hacia una nueva normalidad pospandemia.
Entrevista a Alejandro Tortolini. Tecnologías, inclusión digital y alfabetización informacional en pandemia (y postpandemia)
Authors: Paladino Angela , Villalba Micaela , Miguel Matías 
Published: October 2020

Alejandro Tortolini es docente e investigador, especializado en cultura digital, videojuegos y educación, vinculado a la Universidad de San Andrés, la Universidad Tecnológica Nacional y la Fundación Instituto Leloir. También es miembro de la Red Argentina de Periodismo Científico, y actualmente es parte del plantel docente de la materia Inclusión digital y políticas públicas en la Universidad Nacional de José Clemente Paz (UNPAZ).
Effect of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation of the air on the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections in kittens in a nursery
Authors: Jaynes Robyn A. , Thompson Melissa C. , Kennedy Melissa A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of UV germicidal irradiation of the air on the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections (URIs) in kittens in a nursery.

ANIMALS
4- to 8-week-old kittens admitted to a kitten nursery in 2016 and 2018.

PROCEDURES
2 UV germicidal irradiation systems (1 within the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system and 1 attached to the ceiling) were installed in a kitten nursery. Data were collected on the number of kittens in which a URI was diagnosed by means of a physical examination. The incidence of URIs was compared between 2016, when no UV systems were used, and 2018, when the UV systems were used.

RESULTS
The overall incidence of URIs in 2016 was 12.4 cases/100 kitten admissions and in 2018 was 1.6 cases/100 kitten admissions, a significant decrease of 87.1% between the years.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
A significant reduction in the incidence of URIs in kittens in a nursery was noted when the UV germicidal irradiation systems were used. Therefore, airborne transmission of feline respiratory pathogens may be more important than has been previously recognized. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation systems that disinfect the air may be an effective adjunct to standard infection prevention and control protocols in reducing the risk of the transmission of respiratory pathogens among kittens in nurseries and shelters. However, additional studies are needed to confirm the findings reported here.