bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To Identify Key Geometric Errors of 3-Axis NC Machine Tool by Machining Accuracy Failure Mode Analysis
Authors: Qi Baobao , Cheng Qiang , Liu Zhifeng , Sun Dongyang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Machine tools usually cut two or more surfaces after the work piece clamped on work table. In order to improve the machining accuracy and optimize accuracy design, it is hoped that the geometric errors that influence the accuracy of machined surface prominently can be known beforehand, so the adjustment will be carried out with a definite objective rather than without any clue. Because the machining accuracy of each direction in 3-D space is different value, in this paper, machining accuracy failure mode was defined as the various combination of the machining accuracy of each direction according to whether it is up to the reserved objective value or not. A three-axis machine tool was selected as an example and there were 7 machining accuracy failure modes for it. Based on the generalized correlation analysis, the correlation relationships between 7 machining accuracy failure modes were analyzed, and the main failure modes that affect the machining accuracy of work piece to be machined were identified. For each machining accuracy failure mode, key geometric error that had major influence on it was identified based on sensitivity analysis. Finally, four stepped work pieces were milled by a 3-axis machine tool to illustrate the analytical method proposed in this study.
The Effect of Gravity and Rotor Configuration on Dry Friction Whip and Safe Rotor/Stator Clearance
Authors: Vashisht Rajiv Kumar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A mathematical model is developed for a real rotor/stator system with high degrees-of-freedoms, multiple disks, flexible bearing supports and couplings. The safe clearance level for coasting up of the rotor is calculated for a general high degree-of-freedom rotor/stator system. The harmful phenomena of dry friction whip, which is generally observable for simple 2 degree-of-freedom Jeffcott rotors in the absence of gravity only, can be proved to exist (in real rotor/stator systems) even in the presence of gravity for a wide range of clearance levels. In case of Jeffcott rotors, by fixing the clearance and increasing the rotor spin frequency, the response of the system follows the pattern: No rub - Forward Annular Rub (FAR) - Partial Forward Whirl (PFW) - Partial Backward Whirl (PBW) - dry whip (WHIP). In case of a real rotor/stator system, at certain frequencies, the system directly jumps to dry whip. The simulated results show a rich variety of system dynamics including FAR, PFW and WHIP in case of vertical rotors where the effect of gravity is neglected. For horizontal rotors, under the effect of gravity, the system response contains multi-harmonics, chaotic responses and multi-period vibrations. Based on these responses, a robust fault diagnosis strategy can be designed to identify the rubbing action in rotating machinery.
Influence of Different Design Parameters on the Theoretical Flow Ripple in Balanced Vane Pumps
Authors: Battarra Mattia , Mucchi Emiliano 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The present study focuses the attention on the correlation between the cam ring design and the kinematic flow ripple in balanced vane pumps. In particular, the work addresses the influence of the main pump design parameters on the oscillations of the flow rate produced by the volume variation of both undervane pockets and displaced chambers, which is considered as one of the main sources of excessive noise and vibration. The pump operating principle is firstly defined and the design philosophy is presented, together with the theoretical approach used to determine both then vane motion and resulting flow ripple. The proposed methodology is evaluated by means of a parametric study involving design parameters such as vane thickness and tip radius. The analysis suggests that these geometrical parameters, together with the cam ring shape, affect the pump dynamic behavior due to their correlation with the fluid-dynamics of the machine.
Deflection Maps of Elastic Catenary Cable-Driven Robots
Authors: Notash Leila 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the cable tension and platform deflection of cable-robots are investigated. The significance of cable density, elasticity and cross-sectional area; platform mass, radius and center of mass; external wrench and platform orientation on the cable tension, platform deflection and workspace of the planar cable robots is investigated. It is shown that, in addition to cable mass, the effect of external wrench on the workspace of catenary cable model could be more prominent. Moreover, design issues and parameters affecting the manipulator deflection are examined, and those that would result in disjointed workspace regions and deflection maps are identified. It is presented that the change in deflection is gradual throughout the workspace for constant external wrench. For the catenary model, depending on the cable properties, platform orientation, manipulator design, and external wrench, the workspace with deflection limit may consist of disconnected regions.
Internal Resonance and Nonlinear Vibrations of Eccentric Rotating Composite Laminated Circular Cylindrical Shell
Authors: Liu Tao , Zhang Wei , Zheng Yan , Zhang Yufei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper is focused on the internal resonances and nonlinear vibrations of an eccentric rotating composite laminated circular cylindrical shell subjected to the lateral excitation and the parametric excitation. Based on Love thin shear deformation theory, the nonlinear partial differential equations of motion for the eccentric rotating composite laminated circular cylindrical shell are established by Hamilton’s principle, which are derived into a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations by the Galerkin discretization. The excitation conditions of the internal resonance is found through the Campbell diagram, and the effects of eccentricity ratio and geometric papameters on the internal resonance of the eccentric rotating system are studied. Then, the method of multiple scales is employed to obtain the four-dimensional nonlinear averaged equations in the case of 1:2 internal resonance and principal parametric resonance-1/2 subharmonic resonance. Finally, we study the nonlinear vibrations of the eccentric rotating composite laminated circular cylindrical shell systems.
On Practice and Theory of Constructive Composite Geometry and Topology
Authors: Hedberg Thomas D. , Feeney Allison Barnard , Srinivasan Vijay 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper synthesizes a theory from industrial best practices codified in recent standards. Recent editions of ASME and ISO standards codify the evolving industrial best practices in defining and modeling the information about products made from fibrous composite materials. A theory of constructive composite geometry and topology is synthesized from these practices. Major features of this theory include (1) a constructive composite geometry tree that is equivalent to the ply/laminate tables of the standards, (2) an adjacency graph that captures a crucial aspect of the topology of the geometric cell complex structure of composite products, and (3) conformal mapping of ply surfaces using rosettes in the lay-up process. It also addresses the geometrical and topological structure of fiber arrangements inside the plies. The goal of the theory is to provide a scientific basis for standards that enable the digital transformation of composite product manufacturing.
Calibration Experiments on a Visual Measurement System for Pinion Gears
Authors: Tang Jie , Liu Xiaobing , Chai Lingyu , Shi Zhaoyao , Li Rui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Visual measurement is one of the important measurement methods for pinion gears. The measurement principle and the systematic structure of a pinion gear visual measuring system were given. Pixel equivalent is the key parameter in the visual measurement system, which needs to be calibrated before dimensions evaluation. A glass dot calibration plate was applied in the system calibration. Pixel equivalent calibration experiment, LED brightness experiment, edge compensation experiment and multiposition edge compensation experiment was carried out. The parameter pixel equivalent is determined by the comparison between the physical size of center distance of adjacent mark circle in the glass dot calibration plate and its pixels number obtained by the visual system. The center distance of adjacent mark circle was chosen to avoid the affection of the brightness of light source and the sub-pixel technology was used. The proper brightness condition of LED light was selected in the LED brightness experiment. Under this condition, the compensation of edge deviation was obtained by analyzing the edge position deviation in the diameter measurement of the mark circle of the calibration plate. The experimental results show that the pixel equivalent is 5.59522μm/Pixel, and the compensation of edge deviation is 0.54μm. 49 diameters of the circular marker were measured in edge compensation experiment, the largest difference between the measured diameter in central vision after compensation and its physical dimensions is 0.3μm, which is 0.2μm in muti-position edge compensation experiment. The calibration methods and the experimental research are important for the designed visual measurement system for pinion gears.
Effect of Intermediate Support on Instabilities of a Cantilever With Terminal Dynamic Moment
Authors: Abdullatif Mahmoud , Mukherjee Ranjan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The stability characteristics of a cantilever beam, with and without an intermediate support, subjected to a dynamic terminal moment, is investigated. The moment is assumed to be proportional to the slope of a point along the length of the beam. The proportionally constant, which can be positive or negative, is varied to find the critical stability point. In the absence of intermediate support, stability is lost through divergence when the dynamic moment is proportional to the positive slope, and through flutter when the dynamic moment is proportional to the negative slope. In contrast, the nature of instability switches between divergence and flutter, and between different flutter instability modes while undergoing flutter, in the presence of an intermediate support.
Review of Models and Robotic Devices for Stroke Survivors’ Upper Extremity Rehabilitation
Authors: Tahmid Shadman , Yang James , Font-Llagunes Josep M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of upper extremity disability around the world. Whenever a stroke happens stroke survivor’s brain commands cannot reach some muscles of upper extremities although those muscles could contract. Therefore, shoulder, elbow or wrist joint cannot perform expected motion, and this will hamper their activities of daily living (ADLs). The objective of rehabilitation is to externally drive the upper extremity move to improve muscle movements. The current state of upper extremity rehabilitation may improve by using a model-based computer simulation of arm movement for personalizing robotic devices and interventions. This study attempts to review technologies used in upper extremity rehabilitation on two aspects: computer models and robotic devices. A summary of existing virtual upper extremity models is provided. As well, different robotic devices that are developed for upper limb rehabilitation is also discussed here.
Research on Transmission Error Test and Analysis of RV Reducer
Authors: Zhu Zhonggang , Zhang Jing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aiming at exactly measuring the transmission error of RV reducer, a set of test device is developed and the data acquisition and processing program is designed using LabVIEW. RV reducers from imported and domestic brands are tested and the test results are compared. The test data is also processed by the filtering method, and the result can show the main source of the transmission error, which providing a reliable reference in the process of optimization design and improving of manufacture technics.
Vibration Characteristics Analysis of Multibody Systems With Random Parameters Based on MSTMM
Authors: Wang Guoping , Miao Yunfei , Rui Xue , Tu Tianxiong , Rui Xiaoting 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Dynamics characteristics of linear multibidy systems are governed by the eigenfrequencies and the eigenvectors. The study of probabilistic characterization of the eigensolutions is now an important research topic in the field of multibody systems with random parameters. In this paper, by combining transfer matrix method for multibody system (MSTMM) and perturbation approach, a new method named as perturbation MSTMM is presented for random eigenvalue problems of multibody systems. This method has the advantages of, such as low memory storage requirement, high computational efficiency and high computational stability, etc., for dynamic design of multibody systems with random parameters. By using the proposed method, the rapid computation of random eigenvalue problems of general systems with random parameters can be realized, and the problem of repeated eigenvalues can be solved simply and conveniently. Formulations of the proposed method as well as some numerical examples are given to validate the proposed method. The simulation results of the eigenfrequencies are validated by experiment results. All the numerical applications show the merits and efficacy of the proposed method.
Neighborhood Optimization Method for Shaping Bode Plot With Larger Phase Margin
Authors: Shang Bo , Wu Chengdong , Chen YangQuan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
When controlling complex non-linear systems, classic flat-phase specification (FPS) method for tuning fractional order controllers employs graphic method. However, following this step of graphic method, the tuning method cannot work automatically. In this study, a novel optimization method is employed to enable it to work automatically. An approximation is used to avoid solving derivatives, thereby simplify computation of the method. Frequency-domain analysis reveals that, compared with the classic FPS method, this method is capable of covering more conditions, especially those with larger phase margin. A linear model and a non-linear model (Simscape) are used to demonstrate that the proposed method can ensure both transient performance and robustness. For the relevant working folder, please refer to: http://bit.ly/npm-simscape-code. For video demonstrations, please click: http://bit.ly/npm_simscape_video.
Tracking Performance Improvement of Repetitive Controller for Nano-Manipulating Systems With Time Delays
Authors: Liu Pengbo , Yan Peng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates the robust repetitive controller design with improved tracking performance for nano-manipulating systems with time delay. In order to handle the time delay caused by the analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion of the capacitive sensors with ultra high precision, we modify the conventional repetitive control structure where the design of low pass filter is formulated as an H∞ optimization problem. For the purpose of tracking performance improvement, we further modify the structure of the low pass filter by shaping the sensitivity functions of the closed-loop system. With consideration of the existing of model uncertainties, the design of the modified low pass filter is also formulated as an H∞ optimization of infinite dimensional systems. The effectiveness of the proposed repetitive control architecture is further verified by real time experiments on a piezo driven nano-stage, where significant tracking performance improvements are demonstrated comparing with the traditional repetitive controller.
Optimization Design and Analysis for Pre-Shift Control Parameters of Wet Dual Clutch Transmissions Based on Dynamic Modeling of Synchronizer
Authors: Zheng Ke , Hu Jianjun , Wu Bangzhi , Wang Yin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The DCTs have increased in prevalence for achieving power uninterrupted shifting and pre-shift process significantly influences the DCTs shift quality. Research on the multistage and nonlinear characteristics of the gear preselect process is not comprehensive so that there are shortcomings such as high impact, long synchronization time and poor economy. In view of above detrimental phenomenon, control parameters optimization is conducted in order to realize fast, smooth and economic pre-shifting on the basis of analyzing the sensitivity of the factors affecting pre-shift process. Considering the engagement of sleeve, synchro ring and dog gear, the multi-body dynamics theory is applied to establish an accurate synchronizer dynamics model. Based on the model, simulations are conducted to confirm factors like sleeve mass, cone angle fluctuating the pre-shift quickness and smoothness, sorting structure parameters according to factors sensitivity. Furthermore, the formula of energy loss characteristics relating to two control parameters which are pre-shift force and pre-shift trigger time is obtained, deriving from exploring the hydraulic loss caused by pre-shift force and the drag torque energy loss created by pre-shift trigger time. The optimal synchronizer structure parameters are obtained by adopting multi-objective optimization method. Simulation results indicate the optimal control parameters improve pre-shift comprehensive performance including quickness, smoothness and economy compared with conventional scheme.
Toolbox for User-Centered Specification of VR Systems
Authors: Liebal Andreas , Krömker Heidi , Mahboob Atif , Weber Christian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Breaking into the consumer market, Virtual Reality (VR) has now penetrated wide areas of the industrial market. Rapidly developing technologies are opening up new application possibilities with low cost and high quality solutions. Although VR has been used exclusively as a marketing tool in companies up to now, it is still being extended to support all areas of the complete product development process.
However, this is also accompanied by the difficulty to manage the amount of functionalities and design options associated with VR. Developers of such VR systems must nevertheless maintain an overview of the multitude of technological and content-related possibilities and bring them in line with the requirements of VR customers or VR users. At the same time, VR customers must also have an idea of the technological possibilities and formulate their vision of a VR system as precisely, completely and goal-oriented as possible. In the end, both sides must find a common level of communication in order to record the characteristics of the VR system in the form of a requirement specification or an offer. Factors such as different terminologies and different views about the product development process along with the diverse knowledge about VR functionalities on both sides complicate this process.
This article is intended to show the concept for a toolbox that supports the definition of a customer-specific VR solution. This shall exploit the full potential of VR for the customer’s specific product development process in VR. The generic product development process will be studied and the VR application areas will be located. In this regard, a classification of the main components of VR systems is performed. The goal of such a classification is to establish a relationship between the product model (along with product specific properties and relationships) and the VR system components.
As the field of VR does not yet have an established set of standardized terms, a definition of all terms in this context can help to improve communication between customer and developer. This article shows how a toolbox for agencies and development departments must be structured so that the VR developer can design, evaluate, calculate and develop a complex VR system in a customer-oriented way. Furthermore, the vision of the toolbox presented in this paper also has the goal that the VR customer can specifically formulate his/her requirements in a customer-specific way that leads to an easier understanding for VR developer and eventually to a VR solution.
Finally, the possibility of extension of the presented toolbox structure is discussed to automatically generate specification proposals and suitable technology recommendation based on the problem at hand.
Determining the Number of Distinct Solutions in Planar Mechanism Design
Authors: Funke Lawrence , Raney Jonathan , Caldwell Cyler 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This work investigates two novel approaches to sorting solutions to planar-mechanism-synthesis problems. The examples contained herein are specific to planar morphing mechanisms, but the procedure is general and can easily be extended to any planar-mechanism-synthesis problem. The results indicate that the two approaches, namely self-organizing map (SOM) neural network and modal assurance criterion (MAC), can be used to sort a set of solution mechanisms into a reduced set of distinct solution groups. Additionally two sorting approaches (inclusive and exclusive) were investigated. This process can be used to take the initial set of solution mechanisms, often numbering in the hundreds, and pare it down to a significantly smaller set of substantially different designs. For the two case studies presented herein, one set was reduced by a factor of ten and the other by a factor of five. This means that a designer has fewer mechanisms to look through and that the differences in these mechanisms are clearer so that considerations such as size and joint locations may more easily be considered. It was found that the MAC method with inclusive sorting is generally a better starting point because it runs quickly and gives a more compact set of distinct solution mechanisms. The paper concludes with some recommendations for best practices for sorting solutions for a general mechanism-design problem.
Classification and Execution of Coupled Decision Problems in Engineering Design for Exploration of Robust Design Solutions
Authors: Sharma Gehendra , Allen Janet K. , Mistree Farrokh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Decision Support Problems (DSPs) are used to model design decisions involving multiple trade-offs. In practice, such design decisions are also coupled, that is, these decisions must be modelled by identifying and addressing the influence they exert on one another. Hence, we need to classify coupled decision problems and to introduce methods for managing uncertainty for such problems. Classification of coupled decision problems allows for the development and execution of decision templates to effect design and to archive design-related knowledge on a computer. Incorporating robustness metrics allows for the exploration of robust design solutions for coupled decision problems by managing uncertainty.
In this paper, we present a classification scheme for coupled decisions using DSPs, called the Decision Scenario Matrix and we illustrate its utility by solving a coupled problem using DSPs. The design of a beam to be used as a fender is used to illustrate the efficacy of the formulation of coupled problems. In the first example, we determine a robust design, that is, determine the dimensions of the fender and simultaneously design the material recognizing that the computational models are incomplete and inaccurate. In the second example, we determine robust design solutions when design decisions are coupled, that is, determine the dimensions of the fender and select the material concurrently. Our focus, in this paper, is on illustrating the efficacy of the method rather than on the results.