bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimized peripheral blood progenitor cell mobilization for autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in children with high‐risk and refractory malignancies
Authors: Furlong Eliska , Jensen Jesper , Woodard Mark , Griffiths Katherine , Knight Geoff , Sturm Marian , Kerr Fiona , Gough Hazel , Bear Natasha , Carter Tina L. , Cole Catherine H. , Kotecha Rishi S. , Ramachandran Shanti 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundAutologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) using hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) has become an important therapeutic modality for patients with high‐risk malignancies. Current literature on standardized method for HPC apheresis in children is sparse and failure rate reported as high as 30%.Patients/MethodsA retrospective study of 125 pediatric patients with high‐risk malignancies undergoing aHSCT in Western Australia between 1997 and 2016 was conducted.ResultsMobilization was achieved by means of chemotherapy and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF). Patients underwent apheresis the day after CD34+ counts reached ≥20/µL and an additional dose of G‐CSF. Peripheral arterial and intravenous lines were inserted in pediatric intensive care unit under local anesthetic and/or sedation, omitting the need for general anesthesia as well as facilitating an uninterrupted apheresis flow. Larger apheresis total blood volumes were processed in patients weighing ≤20 kg. The minimal dose of ≥2 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg was successfully collected in 98.4% of all patients. The optimal dose of 3‐5 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg was collected in 96% of patients scheduled for a single aHSCT, 87.5% for tandem, and 100% for triple aHSCT. All HPC collections were completed in one apheresis session. Mobilization after ≤3 chemotherapy cycles and cycles including cyclophosphamide resulted in a significantly higher yield of CD34+ cells.ConclusionOur approach to HPC mobilization by means of chemotherapy and single myeloid growth factor combined with optimal collection timing facilitated by continuous apheresis flow resulted in highly effective HPC harvest in children and adolescents with high‐risk cancers.
Interventions that impact weight status in Hispanic preschool children
Authors: Innella Nancy , Jameson Beth E. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe objectives of this systematic review of literature include: (a) describe the intervention strategies; (b) examine the outcomes as they pertain to the child (individual level), families (interpersonal level), and community or culture (organizational level); and (c) develop a foundation of interventional approaches that specifically target obesogenic behaviors in Hispanic preschool‐aged children.DesignA systematic review of literature was performed. The theoretical framework was the Socioecological Model.SampleTwenty‐four total articles were used for this review.MeasurementsThe method used was the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines.ResultsOf the 24 studies reviewed, 36% focused on the individual, 56% were interpersonal (focused on parents), and 9% focused on the organizational level.ConclusionInterventions that are culturally competent, directed at families, and include healthy dietary intake along with a physical activity component are most effective at lowering obesity in Hispanic preschool children.
Characterising the morphological characters and carbohydrate metabolism of oat culms and their association with lodging resistance
Authors: Zhang R. , Jia Z. , Ma X. , Ma H. , Zhao Y. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Lodging resistance can be improved by enhancing the mechanical strength of culms, and culm carbohydrates could improve this mechanical strength. Culm carbohydrates can regulate development of the culm and affect its toughness.

The present study determines the relationship between lodging and carbohydrate content in oat culms. Field experiments were conducted in alpine regions in 2017 and 2018 using three oat varieties with different lodging resistance. Lodging‐related morphological characteristics were directly determined and culm carbohydrate content and enzyme activity related to cellulose synthesis and sucrose metabolism were evaluated with ultraviolet spectrophotometry.

Results showed that the lower the gravity height or the lower ratio of gravity height to plant height, the stronger the lodging resistance of the varieties. Higher culm nonstructural (NSC) and structural (SC) carbohydrate content contributed to the ability of culms to resist lodging, especially the content of cellulose and sucrose. PCA showed that sucrose metabolism and SC content were closely related to lodging resistance. Correlation analysis showed that the lodging index (LI) was significantly negatively correlated with NSC. Sucrose content was highly and significantly positively correlated with NSC. Additionally, the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SS) were highly and significantly positively correlated with sucrose and cellulose content.

The relationship between field characters and oat lodging, as well as the regulatory mechanism of carbohydrate content on lodging resistance of the culm are discussed.
Isogenic lines in fish – a critical review
Authors: Franěk Roman , Baloch Abdul Rasheed , Kašpar Vojtěch , Saito Taiju , Fujimoto Takafumi , Arai Katsutoshi , Pšenička Martin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAn isogenic line is a group of animals with an identical genotype, and its use is widely accepted for bioresearch standardization. Isogenic lines in fish can be generated within two generations via uniparental inheritance and can facilitate studies for which standardization and consistency are required. The availability and use of isogenic lines is limited, but isogenic lines in some fish species have been generated. Their power has been demonstrated in fields including human disease modelling, drug development, toxicology and also sequencing projects. The genetic basis of desired traits in aquaculture species can be identified using isogenic lines, which, in turn, will help to improve fish culture. This review summarized knowledge regarding the present status of isogenic lines in fish including approaches for their generation and verification, as well as challenges and potential applications for basic research and aquaculture.
Age and Tectonic Setting of Mesothermal Magmatic Hydrothermal Vein‐Type Pb–Zn–(Ag) Mineralization in the Xiaohongshilazi Deposit, Central Jilin Province, Northeast China
Authors: Yang Qun , Ren Yunsheng , Li Yong , Hao Yujie , Li Jingmou 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Xiaohongshilazi deposit located in central Jilin Province, Northeast China, is a newly discovered and medium‐scale Pb–Zn–(Ag) deposit with ore reserves of 34,968 t Pb, 100,150 t Zn, and 158 t Ag. Two‐stage mineralization has been identified in this deposit. Stratiform volcanic‐associated massive sulfide (VMS) Pb–Zn mineralization interbedding with the marine volcanic rocks of the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian Daheshen Formation was controlled by the premineralization E–W‐trending faults. Vein‐type Pb–Zn–(Ag) mineralization occurs within or parallel to the granodiorite and diorite porphyries controlled by the major‐mineralization N–S‐trending faults that cut the stratiform mineralization and volcanic rocks. To constrain the age of vein‐type Pb–Zn–(Ag) mineralization and determine the relationship between mineralization and magmatism, we conducted LA–ICP–MS U–Pb dating on zircon from the ore‐bearing granodiorite and diorite porphyries and Rb–Sr dating on metal sulfide. Granodiorite and diorite porphyries yield zircon U–Pb weighted‐mean 206Pb/238U ages of 203.6 ± 1.8 Ma (Mean Standard Weighted Deviation [MSWD] = 1.8) and 225.6 ± 5.1 Ma (MSWD = 2.3), respectively. Sulfides from four vein‐type ore samples yield a Rb–Sr isochron age of 195 ± 17 Ma (MSWD = 4.0). These results indicate a temporal relationship between the granodiorite porphyry and vein‐type Pb–Zn–(Ag) mineralization. The granodiorite associated with vein‐type mineralization has high SiO2 (68.99–70.49 wt.%) and Na2O (3.9–4.2 wt.%; Na2O/K2O = 1.07–1.10) concentrations, and A/CNK values of 0.95–1.04; consequently, the intrusion is classified as a high‐K, calc‐alkaline, metaluminous I‐type granite. The granodiorite porphyry is enriched in large‐ion lithophile elements (e.g. Rb, Th, U, and K) and light REE and is depleted in high‐field‐strength elements (e.g. Nb, Ta, P, and Ti) and heavy REE, indicating that it represents a subduction‐related rock that formed at an active continental margin. Furthermore, the granodiorite porphyry has Mg# values of 31–34, indicating a lower crustal source. Based on petrological and geochemical features, we infer that the ore‐bearing granodiorite porphyry was derived from the partial melting of the lower crust. In summary, mineralization characteristics, cross‐cutting relationships, geochronological data, and regional tectonic evolution indicate that the region was the site of VMS Pb–Zn mineralization that produced stratiform orebodies within the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian marine volcanic rocks of the Daheshen Formation, followed by mesothermal magmatic hydrothermal vein‐type Pb–Zn–(Ag) mineralization associated with granodiorite porphyry induced by the initial subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific Plate beneath the Eurasia Plate during the Late Triassic–Early Jurassic.
Survey of health care personnel's attitudes toward oral hygiene in long‐term care facilities in Finland
Authors: Hiltunen Kaija , Fogelholm Nele , Saarela Riitta K. T. , Mäntylä Päivi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimTo survey long‐term residences’ health care personnel's opinions and attitudes toward maintenance of older adults’ daily oral hygiene.Methods and ResultsThe survey was directed to the health care personnel of three long‐term care facilities in Helsinki, Finland. We analyzed the survey responses focusing on opinions and attitudes toward older adults’ daily oral hygiene. To measure this aspect, a scoring system was developed. When the analysis was based on two specific statements, 60% of responding members of health care personnel had a negative attitude toward older adults’ oral hygiene. They tended to experience more refusals when assisting oral hygiene measures, more often experienced a lack of time, and were willing to get more training related to the task.ConclusionThe health care personnel of long‐term care facilities considered older adults’ oral health important. Members of the health care personnel who showed a negative attitude with our scoring system toward older adults’ daily oral hygiene indicated in their questionnaire responses the need for additional training and additional time for the task.
Dependent person in self‐care: analysis of care needs
Authors: Dixe Maria dos Anjos Coelho Rodrigues , Frontini Roberta , Sousa Pedro Miguel Lopes , Peralta Teresa de Jesus de Almeida , Teixeira Liliana Fernanda da Conceição , Querido Ana Isabel Fernandes 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the self‐care dependency levels of the dependent person at the time of home discharge and its relationship between (1) the degree of dependency of each self‐care domain; (2) the previous dependency levels; and (3) the gender of the dependent person. It also aims to assess the relationship between the degree of dependency of each self‐care domain, the length of admission, the length of dependency and the age of the dependent person at the time of discharge.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted. The sample comprised hospitalised adults and elderly in the medical services of a Portuguese hospital during the months of March, April and May of 2018. The data were collected by an interview conducted at the time of home discharge from the hospital medical ward.ResultsThe average age of dependent people of the sample is 80.7 years (±10.1) with the majority being women (51.7%), with no statistical difference in the mean age according to gender (U = 2205.500; p > 0.05). They were hospitalised on average 11.4 days (±33.2), most of them (44.0%) due to respiratory problems (85% of which were due to pneumonia). There were no statistically significant differences between the length of the hospital stay, the length of dependency and the participants' gender (U = 2200.500, p > 0.05; U = 1688.000, p > 0.05). Medication intake was the highest dependency domain amongst participants (41.3%), followed by instrumental activities of daily living (40.6%) and bathing (39.9%).ConclusionThe amount of support required may vary according to the domain that the person is dependent. Thus, it is important to use a robust and reliable assessment tool that will be able to assess the degree of dependency on the various domains of self‐care.
Countersluicing
Authors: Hiraiwa Ken , Kobayashi Yoshiaki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSluicing deletes everything but awhphrase. We document a novel phenomenon in Japanese, what we callcountersluicing, in which everything but awhphrase (and what follows it) survives deletion. Countersluicing lacks an overtwhphrase but nevertheless functions as awhquestion. We propose that both countersluicing and sluicing have a cleft structure as their underlying structure. Countersluicing is derived from applying argument ellipsis to ForceP. This is exactly the opposite of what happens in sluicing in Japanese: argument ellipsis applies to a topicalized FinP. We provide several pieces of evidence for our analysis, involving multiple foci, connectivity effects, the clausemate condition, and island sensitivity.
Transendoscopic correction of epiglottic entrapment with a silicone‐covered laser guide and diode laser in 29 horses
Authors: Beste Karen J. , Ortved Kyla F. , Rossignol Fabrice , Ducharme Norm G. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the use of a silicone‐covered laser guide and diode laser for surgical correction of epiglottic entrapment and report postoperative outcomes in horses with epiglottic entrapment.Study designRetrospective case series.AnimalsThoroughbred and standardbred racehorses (n = 29) with epiglottic entrapment.MethodsA silicone‐covered laser guide was placed endoscopically to direct the diode laser cutting action during transection of the entrapping subepiglottic membrane and to act as a physical barrier between the membrane and the epiglottic cartilage. Postoperative complications and trainer satisfaction were recorded via use of a follow‐up questionnaire. Race records were reviewed to determine return to racing and detect differences in the number of starts, wins, or earnings before and after surgery.ResultsThe entrapping membrane was successfully released in all horses. Mild postoperative complications such as swelling of the surgical site (12 horses) and coughing or mild nasal discharge (5 horses) were recorded during the first few days after surgery. Ninety‐six percent of trainers were satisfied with the outcome of the procedure; 93% of horses returned to racing.ConclusionLaser guide‐assisted transection of the subepiglottic membrane corrected epiglottic entrapment in standing horses.Clinical significanceEase of surgical technique, mild postoperative complications, and a good prognosis to return to racing make this a suitable alternative to the traditional laser procedure.
The contribution of TMC1 to adaptation of mechanoelectrical transduction channels in cochlear outer hair cells
Authors: Goldring Adam C. , Beurg Maryline , Fettiplace Robert 
Published: October 2019

Key points
Hair cell mechanoelectrical transducer channels are opened by deflections of the hair bundle about a resting position set by incompletely understood adaptation mechanisms.
We used three characteristics to define adaptation in hair cell mutants of transmembrane channel‐like proteins, TMC1 and TMC2, which are considered to be channel constituents.
The results obtained demonstrate that the three characteristics are not equivalent, and raise doubts about simple models in which intracellular Ca2+ regulates adaptation.
Adaptation is faster and more effective in TMC1‐containing than in TMC2‐containing transducer channels. This result ties adaptation to the channel complex, and suggests that TMC1 is a better isoform for use in cochlear hair cells.
We describe a TMC1 point mutation, D569N, that reduces the resting open probability and Ca2+ permeability of the transducer channels, comprising properties that may contribute to the deafness phenotype.
AbstractRecordings of mechanoelectrical transducer (MET) currents in cochlear hair cells were made in mice with mutations of transmembrane channel‐like (TMC) protein to examine the effects on fast transducer adaptation. Adaptation was faster and more complete in Tmc2–/– than in Tmc1–/–, although this disparity was not explained by differences in Ca2+ permeability or Ca2+ influx between the two isoforms, with TMC2 having the larger permeability. We made a mouse mutation, Tmc1 p.D569N, homologous to a human DFNA36 deafness mutation, which also had MET channels with lower Ca2+‐permeability but showed better fast adaptation than wild‐type Tmc1+/+ channels. Consistent with the more effective adaptation in Tmc1 p.D569N, the resting probability of MET channel opening was smaller. The three TMC variants studied have comparable single‐channel conductances, although the lack of correlation between channel Ca2+ permeability and adaptation opposes the hypothesis that adaptation is controlled simply by Ca2+ influx through the channels. During the first postnatal week of mouse development, the MET currents amplitude grew, and transducer adaptation became faster and more effective. We attribute changes in adaptation partly to a developmental switch from TMC2‐ to TMC1‐ containing channels and partly to an increase in channel expression. More complete and faster adaptation, coupled with larger MET currents, may account for the sole use of TMC1 in the adult cochlear hair cells.
Thermal Fatigue Evaluation Model of a Microelectronic Chip in Terms of Interfacial Singularity
Authors: Huang Xiaoguang , Wang Zhiqiang 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Thermal fatigue failure of microelectronic chip often initiates from the interface between solder and substrate, and the service life of the chip is largely dependent on the singular stress–strain at this interface. To provide a reasonable life evaluation method, three thermal fatigue evaluation models, including strain-based and stress–strain based, have been established in terms of the interfacial singular fields. Thermal fatigue lives of different chips under different thermal cycles are obtained by thermal fatigue tests, and the stress and strain intensity factors and singular orders at the solder/substrate interface are computed at the same conditions, to determine the material constants in the established models. The thermal fatigue lives predicted are in acceptable agreement with the experimental results. What is more, the application of these thermal fatigue models demonstrates a fact that the thermal fatigue of the microelectronic chips can be evaluated uniformly no matter what the shapes, dimensions of the chip, and the thermomechanical properties of the solders are, as long as the relevant stress–strain intensity factors and singular orders are obtained.
A Study on the Leakage and Rotordynamic Performance of a Long Labyrinth Seal Under Mainly Air Conditions
Authors: Zhang Min , Childs Dara W. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of liquid presence in air on the leakage and rotordynamic coefficients of a long (length-to-diameter ratio L/D = 0.747) teeth-on-stator labyrinth seal. The test fluid is a mixture of air and silicone oil (PSF-5cSt). Tests are carried out at inlet pressure Pi = 62.1 bars, three pressure ratios from 0.21 to 0.46, three speeds from 10 to 20 krpm, and six inlet liquid volume fractions (LVFs) from 0% to 15%. Complex dynamic-stiffness coefficients Hij are measured. The real parts of Hij are too frequency dependent to be fitted by frequency-independent stiffness and virtual-mass coefficients. Therefore, this paper presents frequency-dependent direct stiffness KΩ and cross-coupled stiffness kΩ. The imaginary parts of Hij produce frequency-independent direct damping C. Test results show that, under both pure- and mainly air conditions, the leakage mass flowrate m˙ of the test seal steadily increases as inlet LVF increases. KΩ is negative under all test conditions, and the magnitude of KΩ increases as inlet LVF increases, leading to a larger negative centering force on the associated compressor rotor. Under pure-air conditions, kΩ is a small negative value. Injecting oil into the air increases kΩ slightly and make the magnitude of kΩ closer to zero. Under mainly air conditions, increasing inlet LVF from 2% to 15% has little impact on kΩ. C normally increases as inlet LVF increases. The value of the effective damping Ceff = C − kΩ/Ω near 0.5ω is of significant interest to the system stability since an unstable centrifugal compressor may precess at approximately 0.5ω. Ω denotes the excitation frequency. The oil presence in the air has little impact on the value of Ceff near 0.5ω. Also, the liquid presence does not change the insensitiveness of m˙, KΩ, kΩ, C, and Ceff to change in ω; i.e., under both pure- and mainly air conditions, changes in ω has little impact on m˙, KΩ, kΩ, C, and Ceff.
A Comparative Study of Biomechanical and Geometrical Attributes of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms in the Asian and Caucasian Populations
Authors: Canchi Tejas , Patnaik Sourav S. , Nguyen Hong N. , Ng E. Y. K. , Narayanan Sriram , Muluk Satish C. , De Oliveira Victor , Finol Ender A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this work, we provide a quantitative assessment of the biomechanical and geometric features that characterize abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) models generated from 19 Asian and 19 Caucasian diameter-matched AAA patients. 3D patient-specific finite element models were generated and used to compute peak wall stress (PWS), 99th percentile wall stress (99th WS), and spatially averaged wall stress (AWS) for each AAA. In addition, 51 global geometric indices were calculated, which quantify the wall thickness, shape, and curvature of each AAA. The indices were correlated with 99th WS (the only biomechanical metric that exhibited significant association with geometric indices) using Spearman's correlation and subsequently with multivariate linear regression using backward elimination. For the Asian AAA group, 99th WS was highly correlated (R2 = 0.77) with three geometric indices, namely tortuosity, intraluminal thrombus volume, and area-averaged Gaussian curvature. Similarly, 99th WS in the Caucasian AAA group was highly correlated (R2 = 0.87) with six geometric indices, namely maximum AAA diameter, distal neck diameter, diameter–height ratio, minimum wall thickness variance, mode of the wall thickness variance, and area-averaged Gaussian curvature. Significant differences were found between the two groups for ten geometric indices; however, no differences were found for any of their respective biomechanical attributes. Assuming maximum AAA diameter as the most predictive metric for wall stress was found to be imprecise: 24% and 28% accuracy for the Asian and Caucasian groups, respectively. This investigation reveals that geometric indices other than maximum AAA diameter can serve as predictors of wall stress, and potentially for assessment of aneurysm rupture risk, in the Asian and Caucasian AAA populations.