bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Performance of Pd-Based Catalysts
Authors: Zhang Yongli 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
It is difficult to biodegrade organic waste-water, which is treated by catalytic wet oxidation method. The catalyst Pd-Fe-Co-Ce/FSC (ratio 1:1:1:3), and the calcination time was 3 h, and the calcination temperatures were set to 400, 550, 700, and 850 °C, respectively. When the calcination temperature was 550 °C, the experimental results show that: when Pd-Fe-Co-Ce/FSC (ratio 1:1:1:3) is added with, the pH of wastewater is reduced, and then the pH will rise again; the Pd-Fe-Co-Ce/FSC (ratio 1:1:1:3) catalyst has good decolorization effect at 4 calcining temperatures, which can reach 92.7% - 97.9%, and 36.6% - 41.8% higher than the blank without catalyst; the best treatment effect is when the calcination time is 3 h and the calcination temperature is 550 °C. The addition of Pd-Fe-Co-Ce/FSC (ratio 1:1:1:3) after treatment of printing waste-water, its COD removal rate increased significantly, and the final effluent percentage reached 71.7% - 88.8%.
Efficacy of Anaerobic Treatment of Fur Wastewater under Different Pre-Acidification Degrees
Authors: Chang Min , Qu Shaodong , Zhang Panpan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this research, we studied fur processing wastewater and examined the effect of acidification degree on the treatment performance of internal circulation anaerobic reactor (IC). The results showed that the acidification degree had significant effects on the removal rate of CODcr, effluent volatile fatty acid content (VFA), stability of the system and the microbial biomass of granule sludge in IC. When the acidification degree of wastewater is about 45 %, the removal rate of CODcr is more than 70 % in the anaerobic system. Although the effluent VFA is higher, there was no inhibition in acidation, the effluent ALK/VFA maintained at about 1.3, the anaerobic system run stably and well, granule sludge microbial biomass maintained at about 80% as well as in good activity. In practical engineering applications, controling the acidification degree at about 45 % can maintain the anaerobic system stable, efficient CODcr removal and the steady growth of microbial in granule sludge.
Membrane module assembly enhances the performance of A/O-MBBR in treating mariculture wastewater
Authors: Wu Yiwei , Wang Xinyu , Zhou Yiling , Li Yunhui , Zhao Yangguo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The anoxic-aerobic moving bed biofilm reactors (A/O-MBBR) run stably with influent of low C/N ratio and present a promising application in treating mariculture wastewater. However, the nitrogen pollutants removal is still not acceptable and fails to meet the strict effluent standards. Thus, in this study, a membrane module assembly was installed in the sedimentation tank of the A/O-MBBR to improve the water quality of effluent. The results showed that the removal rates of different nitrogen species were highly enhanced by installing the membrane instrument and 98.16% ammonia and 92.61% nitrate were finally removed. which led to significant reduction of total nitrogen pollutants to 0.70 mg/L in the effluent and thus met the requirement of national standard of the mariculture wastewater discharge. This study indicates that the combination of A/O-MBBR and the membrane module assembly is of great strategy for the efficient treatment of mariculture wastewater.
Efficient production of L-lactic acid from corn straw hydrolysate
Authors: Si Hongyu , Liang Xiaohui , Liu Suxiang , Xu Meirong , Wang Jianmei , Hua Dongliang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, L-lactic acid was produced from corn straw hydrolysate by the strain Lactobacillus sp. L47, the fermentation conditions such as nitrogen sources, mineral salts, metal ions, incubation periods, pH values and temperatures were investigated, and the optimal incubation conditions were obtained: corn straw hydrolysate of 243.1 ml/l, (NH4)2SO4 10 g/l, yeast extract 10 g/l, KH2PO4 0.5 g/l, ZnSO4 • 7H2O 0.3 g/l, MgSO4• 7H2O 0.1 g/l, MnSO4• H2O 0.01 g/l, CaCO3 60 g/l, initial medium pH 6.0, controlled fermentation pH 6.0, 20 ml of seed, incubation temperatrure 46 °C. Under the optimal fermentation conditions, the highest L-lactic acid production was 99.8 g/l in 40 h.
Synthesis and surface activity evaluation of new surfactants derived from cetyl betaine
Authors: Yang Jian , Liu Anbin , Li Ze , Ma Yanfeng , Lv Shiyi , Dong Sanbao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Because the surface tension, foaming ability, high temperature resistance, methanol resistance, salt resistance and foam shape of the single cetyltrimethylammonium chloride and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride reaction with formaldehyde are not very significant. Therefore, the product HM-CTAC and cetyl betaine were selected to optimize the compound ratio and further evaluate the performance of the compound product. The foam volume decreases gradually with the increase of temperature; in the aspect of methanol resistance: the foam volume of the compound surfactant disappears slowly under the same methanol concentration; in the aspect of salt resistance: the foam height is more stable with the increase of salt concentration in the system, and the half-life decreases gradually; the surface tension and foam microscopic: the surface tension of the compound system decreases.
Long single crystalline α-Mn2O3 nanorods: facile synthesis and photocatalytic application
Authors: Chandiran Kalaiselvi , Murugesan Ramesh Aravind , Balaji Revathi , Andrews Nirmala Grace , Pitchaimuthu Sudhagar , Nagamuthu Raja Krishna Chandar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Single crystalline cubic sesquioxide bixbyite α-Mn2O3 nanorods have been synthesized successfully by a simple, low cost, environmental benign hydrothermal route. As synthesized γ-MnOOH were calcined at 600 °C to obtain α-Mn2O3 nanorods, which were further subjected to various characterizations. The alpha manganese sesquioxide cubic bixbyite-type oxide formation was confirmed by the XRD studies. The surface morphology and elemental analysis were explored by SEM with EDX studies, respectively. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy HRTEM and SAED showed that the α-Mn2O3 nanorods were single crystalline and were grown along the C-axis of the crystal plane. The UV–visible spectrum indicated that the absorption was prominent in the ultraviolet region. In addition, PL spectrum result of α-Mn2O3 nanorods recommended possible photocatalytic applications. The photocatalyst ensures a new platform for the decolorization of dye molecules of the harmful cationic dyes like methylene blue and rhodamine B. Possible growth mechanism and photocatalytic dye degradation mechanism were proposed for synthesized α-Mn2O3 nanorods.
Hot deformation behavior and microstructure characteristic of 2055 Al-Li alloy during uniaxial compression
Authors: Dongmei Jiang , Changqing Yuan , Xiang Li , Hui Yu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The hot deformation behavior of as-extruded 2055 Al-Li alloy at T6 state has been investigated by uniaxial hot compression test in a Gleeble-3800 thermal simulation machine at the temperature of 320 oC, 380 oC, 440 oC, 500 oC with strain rate ranging from 0.001 s−1 to 1 s−1. Deformation instability occurred under the deformation condition of 380 oC/5 s−1 and at the deformation temperature of 500 oC via the shape of flow curve and the side view observation of the compressed samples. The serration in flow curve of the low strain rate suggests occurring of DSA. The constitutive equation based on Arrhenius equation were established with the deformation activation energy of 174.6 kJ mol−1. The microstructures of the compressed samples were analyzed by OM and TEM, the DRXed grains could be observed in the compressed samples at 440 oC with strain rate of 1 s−1 and 0.001 s−1. The dominated precipitates in the alloy were plate-shaped T1 phase and spherical β
1 phase. The precipitates-dislocations interaction was analyzed by HRTEM. The dislocations could be pinned by both the T1 phase and β
1 phase, and the precipitates and dislocations around them divided the grain into small zones, and the misorientation across the dislocation was about 0.8o.
Using the Case-Crossover Design to Assess Short-Term Risks of Bleeding and Arterial Thromboembolism After Switching Between Oral Anticoagulants in a Population-Based Cohort of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Hellfritzsch Maja , Wang Shirley V , Grove Erik Lerkevang , Gagne Joshua J , Hallas Jesper , Pottegård Anton 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Using nationwide Danish registries, we conducted a population-based case-crossover study evaluating the association between switching from a vitamin K antagonist (VKA) to a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC), and vice versa, and 30-day risks of bleeding and arterial thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The case-crossover population was identified among oral anticoagulant users during 2011–2018 (n = 123,217) as patients with AF with 1) a case-defining outcome and 2) an anticoagulant switch during the 180 days preceding the outcome. Odds ratios were estimated using conditional logistic regression by comparing the occurrence of switching during the 30-day window immediately preceding the outcome to that in reference windows in the same individual 60–180 days before the outcome. The case-crossover populations for switching from VKA to DOAC and DOAC to VKA comprised 1,382 and 287 case patients, respectively. Switching from VKA to DOAC, but not from DOAC to VKA, was associated with an increased short-term risk of bleeding (odds ratio = 1.42; 95% confidence intervals: 1.13, 1.79, and 1.06; and 0.64, 1.75, respectively) and ischemic stroke (odds ratio = 1.74; 95% confidence intervals: 1.21, 2.51, and 0.92; and 0.46, 1.83, respectively). Our findings suggest that switching from VKA to DOAC is an intermittent risk factor of bleeding and ischemic stroke in patients with AF.
Effect of Lower Blood Pressure Goals on Left Ventricular Structure and Function in Patients With Subclinical Hypertensive Heart Disease
Authors: Levy Phillip D , Burla Michael J , Twiner Michael J , Marinica Alexander L , Mahn James J , Reed Brian , Brody Aaron , Ehrman Robert , Brodsky Allie , Zhang Yiying , Nasser Samar A , Flack John M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Subclinical hypertensive heart disease (SHHD) is a precursor to heart failure. Blood pressure (BP) reduction is an important component of secondary disease prevention in patients with SHHD. Treating patients with SHHD utilizing a more intensive BP target (120/80 mm Hg), may lead to improved cardiac function but there has been limited study of this, particularly in African Americans (AAs).

METHODS
We conducted a single center, randomized controlled trial where subjects with uncontrolled, asymptomatic hypertension, and SHHD not managed by a primary care physician were randomized to standard (&lt;140/90 mm Hg) or intensive (&lt;120/80 mm Hg) BP therapy groups with quarterly follow-up for 12 months. The primary outcome was the differences of BP reduction between these 2 groups and the secondary outcome was the improvement in echocardiographic measures at 12 months.

RESULTS
Patients (95% AAs, 65% male, mean age 49.4) were randomized to the standard (n = 65) or the intensive (n = 58) BP therapy groups. Despite significant reductions in systolic BP (sBP) from baseline (−10.9 vs. −19.1 mm Hg, respectively) (P &lt; 0.05), no significant differences were noted between intention-to-treat groups (P = 0.33) or the proportion with resolution of SHHD (P = 0.31). However, on post hoc analysis, achievement of a sBP &lt;130 mm Hg was associated with significant reduction in indexed left ventricular mass (−6.91 gm/m2.7; P = 0.008) which remained significant on mixed effect modeling (P = 0.031).

CONCLUSIONS
In post hoc analysis, sBP &lt;130 mm Hg in predominantly AA patients with SHHD was associated with improved cardiac function and reverse remodeling and may help to explain preventative effects of lower BP goals.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial Number NCT00689819.
YIF1B mutations cause a post-natal neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with Golgi and primary cilium alterations
Authors: Diaz Jorge , Gérard Xavier , Emerit Michel-Boris , Areias Julie , Geny David , Dégardin Julie , Simonutti Manuel , Guerquin Marie-Justine , Collin Thibault , Viollet Cécile , Billard Jean-Marie , Métin Christine , Hubert Laurence , Larti Farzaneh , Kahrizi Kimia , Jobling Rebekah , Agolini Emanuele , Shaheen Ranad , Zigler Alban , Rouiller-Fabre Virginie , Rozet Jean-Michel , Picaud Serge , Novelli Antonio , Alameer Seham , Najmabadi Hossein , Cohn Ronald , Munnich Arnold , Barth Magalie , Lugli Licia , Alkuraya Fowzan S , Blaser Susan , Gashlan Maha , Besmond Claude , Darmon Michèle , Masson Justine 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHuman post-natal neurodevelopmental delay is often associated with cerebral alterations that can lead, by themselves or associated with peripheral deficits, to premature death. Here, we report the clinical features of 10 patients from six independent families with mutations in the autosomal YIF1B gene encoding a ubiquitous protein involved in anterograde traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell membrane, and in Golgi apparatus morphology. The patients displayed global developmental delay, motor delay, visual deficits with brain MRI evidence of ventricle enlargement, myelination alterations and cerebellar atrophy. A similar profile was observed in the Yif1b knockout (KO) mouse model developed to identify the cellular alterations involved in the clinical defects. In the CNS, mice lacking Yif1b displayed neuronal reduction, altered myelination of the motor cortex, cerebellar atrophy, enlargement of the ventricles, and subcellular alterations of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus compartments. Remarkably, although YIF1B was not detected in primary cilia, biallelic YIF1B mutations caused primary cilia abnormalities in skin fibroblasts from both patients and Yif1b-KO mice, and in ciliary architectural components in the Yif1b-KO brain. Consequently, our findings identify YIF1B as an essential gene in early post-natal development in human, and provide a new genetic target that should be tested in patients developing a neurodevelopmental delay during the first year of life. Thus, our work is the first description of a functional deficit linking Golgipathies and ciliopathies, diseases so far associated exclusively to mutations in genes coding for proteins expressed within the primary cilium or related ultrastructures. We therefore propose that these pathologies should be considered as belonging to a larger class of neurodevelopmental diseases depending on proteins involved in the trafficking of proteins towards specific cell membrane compartments.
Differential cross-seeding properties of tau and α-synuclein in mouse models of tauopathy and synucleinopathy
Authors: Williams Tosha , Sorrentino Zachary , Weinrich Mary , Giasson Benoit I , Chakrabarty Paramita 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCo-occurrence of tau and α-synuclein pathologies in a subset of Alzheimer’s disease patients has led to the idea that mixed pathologies may play a unique characteristic role in the Alzheimer’s disease neurodegenerative cascade. To understand the aetiology of such mixed pathologies, we investigated cross-seeding by human recombinant tau and human recombinant α-synuclein fibrillar species in a mouse model of tauopathy (Line PS19) or synucleinopathy (Line M20). Unilateral hippocampal injection of tau fibrils or α-synuclein fibrils, and to a lesser extent tau + α-synuclein copolymer fibrils prepared from co-incubating individual recombinant monomers, induced robust phosphorylated tau pathology in PS19 mice relative to control mice. Though the tau + α-synuclein copolymer fibrils did not modulate induction of pathologies at the site of injection, examination of the whole brain showed that these copolymers exacerbated neuroanatomic transmission of seeded tau pathology compared to tau fibril-injected mice. Only α-synuclein fibrils, but not tau alone or tau + α-synuclein copolymers, triggered modest levels of endogenous phosphorylated α-synuclein pathology. Overall, data from the PS19 mice suggest that human α-synuclein fibrils can efficiently cross-seed human tau and have a modest priming effect on mouse α-synuclein, and the presence of tau fibrils does not exacerbate the priming process. In M20 mice, unilateral hippocampal injection of α-synuclein fibrils or tau fibrils induced robust bilateral phosphorylated α-synuclein pathology, while tau + α-synuclein copolymer injection resulted in restricted phosphorylated α-synuclein pathology predominantly in the ipsilateral cortex. This suggests that human tau fibrils can also induce human α-synuclein pathogenesis, and the presence of combinatorial seeds is not synergistic. None of these aggregates induced phosphorylated tau pathology in M20 mice, showing that mouse tau cannot be primed efficiently by human tau fibrils or human α-synuclein fibrils. Neuropathological analysis of the whole brain of M20 mice showed that tau + α-synuclein copolymer-injected mice had lower abundance of bilaterally transmitted α-synuclein pathologies relative to α-synuclein fibril-injected mice. Thus, the tau + α-synuclein copolymer fibrils show robust transmission properties preferentially in rodent model of tauopathies but not in synucleinopathy, probably signifying an enhanced cooperative relationship between tau and α-synuclein in the tau seeding process. Together, our data highlight the unique cross-seeding properties of tau and αSyn in neurodegenerative proteinopathies.
A Confirmed Case of SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia With Negative Routine Reverse Transcriptase–Polymerase Chain Reaction and Virus Variation in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Li Zhengtu , Li Yinhu , Chen Lingdan , Li Shaoqiang , Yu Le , Zhu Airu , Yang Feng , Jiang Qian , Chen Liyan , Zhao Jincun , Lu Wenju , Zhong Nanshan , Ye Feng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia is a newly recognized disease, and its diagnosis is primarily confirmed by routine reverse transcriptase -polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods
However, we report a confirmed case of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with a negative routine RT-PCR.

Results
This case was finally diagnosed by nanopore sequencing combined with antibody of SARS-CoV-2. Simultaneously, the ORF and NP gene variations of SARS-CoV-2 were found.

Conclusions
This case highlighted that false-negative results could be present in routine RT-PCR diagnosis, especially with virus variation. Currently, nanopore pathogen sequencing and antibody detection have been found to be effective in clinical diagnosis.
Disruption of actin dynamics regulated by Rho effector mDia1 attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophic responses and exacerbates dysfunction
Authors: Abe Ichitaro , Terabayashi Takeshi , Hanada Katsuhiro , Kondo Hidekazu , Teshima Yasushi , Ishii Yumi , Miyoshi Miho , Kira Shintaro , Saito Shotaro , Tsuchimochi Hirotsugu , Shirai Mikiyasu , Yufu Kunio , Arakane Motoki , Daa Tsutomu , Thumkeo Dean , Narumiya Shuh , Takahashi Naohiko , Ishizaki Toshimasa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Aims
Cardiac hypertrophy is a compensatory response to pressure overload, leading to heart failure. Recent studies have demonstrated that Rho is immediately activated in left ventricles after pressure overload and that Rho signalling plays crucial regulatory roles in actin cytoskeleton rearrangement during cardiac hypertrophic responses. However, the mechanisms by which Rho and its downstream proteins control actin dynamics during hypertrophic responses remain not fully understood. In this study, we identified the pivotal roles of mammalian homologue of Drosophila diaphanous (mDia) 1, a Rho-effector molecule, in pressure overload-induced ventricular hypertrophy.

Methods and results
Male wild-type (WT) and mDia1-knockout (mDia1KO) mice (10–12 weeks old) were subjected to a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham operation. The heart weight/tibia length ratio, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, left ventricular wall thickness, and expression of hypertrophy-specific genes were significantly decreased in mDia1KO mice 3 weeks after TAC, and the mortality rate was higher at 12 weeks. Echocardiography indicated that mDia1 deletion increased the severity of heart failure 8 weeks after TAC. Importantly, we could not observe apparent defects in cardiac hypertrophic responses in mDia3-knockout mice. Microarray analysis revealed that mDia1 was involved in the induction of hypertrophy-related genes, including immediate early genes, in pressure overloaded hearts. Loss of mDia1 attenuated activation of the mechanotransduction pathway in TAC-operated mice hearts. We also found that mDia1 was involved in stretch-induced activation of the mechanotransduction pathway and gene expression of c-fos in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVMs). mDia1 regulated the filamentous/globular (F/G)-actin ratio in response to pressure overload in mice. Additionally, increases in nuclear myocardin-related transcription factors and serum response factor were perturbed in response to pressure overload in mDia1KO mice and to mechanical stretch in mDia1 depleted NRVMs.

Conclusion
mDia1, through actin dynamics, is involved in compensatory cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload.
Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation: the ongoing quest for diagnostic refinement
Authors: Conte Giulio , Giudicessi John R , Ackerman Michael J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Prior to the recognition of distinct clinical entities, such as Brugada syndrome, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, and long QT syndrome, all sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) survivors with ventricular fibrillation (VF) and apparently structurally normal hearts were labelled as idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (IVF). Over the last three decades, the definition of IVF has changed substantially, mostly as result of the identification of the spectrum of SCA-predisposing genetic heart diseases (GHDs), and the molecular evidence, by post-mortem genetic analysis (aka, the molecular autopsy), of cardiac channelopathies as the pathogenic basis for up to 35% of unexplained cases of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young. The evolution of the definition of IVF over time has led to a progressively greater awareness of the need for an extensive diagnostic assessment in unexplained SCA survivors. Nevertheless, GHDs are still underdiagnosed among SCA survivors, due to the underuse of pharmacological challenges (i.e. sodium channel blocker test), misrecognition of electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities/patterns (i.e. early repolarization pattern or exercise-induced ventricular bigeminy) or errors in the measurement of ECG parameters (e.g. the heart-rate corrected QT interval). In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, diagnostic approaches, and the controversies related to role of the genetic background in unexplained SCA survivors with a default diagnosis of IVF.