bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Antitumor Effect of 5-Fluorouracil Combined with Constituents from Pleurospermum lindleyanum in Hepatocellular Carcinoma SMMC-7721 Cells
Authors: Zhu Xiao-Feng , Li Xiao-Jin , Cao Zhong-Lian , Liu Xiu-Jie , Yang Ping , Ju Dianwen , Mu Qing 
Published: August 2020

Background:
A Chinese folk medicine plant Pleurospermum lindleyanum possesses pharmacological
activities of heat-clearing, detoxifying and preventing from hepatopathy, coronary heart disease, hypertension,
and high altitude sickness. We isolated and characterized its constituents to investigate its synergistic effects
against human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to explore the synergistic anti-cancer activities of isolates from P. lindleyanum
with 5-FU on hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and their primary mechanisms.

Methods:
Sequential chromatographic techniques were conducted for the isolation studies. The isolate's structures
were established by spectroscopic analysis as well as X-ray crystallographic diffraction. Growth inhibition
was detected by MTT assay. The isobologram method was used to assess the effect of drug combinations. Flow
cytometry and western blot were used to examine apoptosis and protein expression.

Results:
A new coumarin (16), along with sixteen known compounds, were isolated from the whole plant of P.
lindleyanum and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Four coumarins (2, 3, 5, and 16),
two flavonoids (8 and 9) and three phytosterols and triterpenes (12-14) were found to synergistically enhance
the inhibitory effect of 5-FU against SMMC-7721 cells. Among them, compounds 3 and 16 exhibited the best
synergistic effects with IC50 of 5-FU reduced by 16-fold and 22-fold possessing the minimum Combination
Index (CI) 0.34 and 0.27. The mechanism of action of combinations might be through synergistic arresting for
the cell cycle at G1 phases and the induction of apoptosis. Moreover, western blotting and molecular docking
revealed that compounds 3 or 5 might promote 5-FU-induced apoptosis by regulating the expression of Caspase
9 and PARP.

Conclusion:
Constituents from P. lindleyanum may improve the treatment effectiveness of 5-FU against hepatocellular
carcinoma cells.
Catalytic Neutralization of Naphthenic Acid from Petroleum Crude Oil by Using Cerium Oxide Catalyst and 2- Methylimidazole in Polyethylene Glycol
Authors: Mohd Shohaimi Norshahidatul Akmar , Jelani Norfakhriah , Ab Halim Ahmad Zamani , Abdullah Nor Hakimin , Shukri Nurasmat Mohd 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The presence of relatively high naphthenic acid in crude oil may
contribute to the major corrosion in oil pipelines and distillation units in crude oil refineries.
Thus, high concentration naphthenic acid crude oil is considered to be of low quality and is
marketed at lower prices. In order to overcome this problem, the neutralization method had
been developed to reduce the TAN value in crude oil. In this study, crude oil from Petronas
Penapisan Melaka was investigated.

Methods:
The parameters studied were reagent concentration, catalyst loading, calcination
temperature, and reusability of the potential catalyst. The basic chemical used was 2-
methylimidazole in polyethylene glycol (PEG 600) with concentration 100, 500 and 1000
ppm. Cerium oxide-based catalysts were supported onto alumina prepared with different calcination
temperatures.

Results:
The catalyst was characterized by using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermogravimetry Analysis-Differential
Thermal Gravity (TGA-DTG) to study the physical properties of the catalyst. The Ce/Al2O3
catalyst calcined at 1000°C was the best catalyst due to larger surface area formation which
lead to an increment of active sites thus will boost catalytic activity. The result showed that
the Ce/Al2O3 catalyst meets the Petronas requirement as the TAN value reduced to 0.6
mgKOH/g from the original TAN value of 4.22 mgKOH/g.

Conclusion:
The best reduction of TAN was achieved by using catalyst loading of 0.39%
and reagent of 1000 ppm.
Risk Factors of Burnout among Egyptian Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Al-Maksoud Ayman A.A. , Asla Amir F. , Awad Mariam A. , Maray Mohamed , Omar Mohamed M. , Bahbah Eshak I. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Burnout is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and
reduced personal accomplishment. It was initially investigated among employees and restricted to
those who work in human services and educational institutions. However, this study aimed to evaluate
the prevalence and associated risk factors of burnout among Egyptian medical students in Damietta
Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University.

Methods :
This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2017 and March 2018, involved
first to sixth-year medical students. The questioner consisted of four sections: 1) Sociodemographics
and personal characteristics of participants such as age, gender, and academic year; 2)
Burnout measurement: Burnout was measured by MBI-SS, a modified form of MBI-GS; 3) Related
risk factors; 4) association between burnout and performance.

Results:
Out of 322 students, 222 students completed the questionnaire with a 67% response rate.
The mean age was 21.1 ± 1.9, and 197 (88.7%) students were males. Our analysis demonstrated that
the prevalence of burnout was 51.8%. In terms of subscales, 198 participants have high emotional
exhaustion, 201 showed a high degree of depersonalization, and 110 participants have personal accomplishment.
There was a significant difference between both groups in terms of gender (p=0.01)
and marital status (p=0.005). Regression analysis demonstrated that high-risk factors related to
studying burden, social burden, and future burden are associated with a higher risk of burnout with
odd ratio (OR= 1.10, 95% CI (1.05-1.155), p<0.05), (OR= 1.05, 95% CI (1.01-1.09), p<0.05), and
(OR= 1.15, 95% CI (1.05-1.26), p<0.05), respectively.

Conclusion:
This study found that the burnout prevalence was 52% with quite a high percentage of
emotional exhaustion (EE) and depersonalization (DP), and a low level of personal accomplishment.
Moreover, a significant association between gender, grade of medical school, marital status, and risk
factors related to the study burden, future burden, and social burden.
Effects of Fine Grid NO2 Modeling around a Thermal Power Station: A Case Study
Authors: Karim Md Masud , Bindra Navin , Mukteruzzaman Mohammed 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the outcome of fine grid
modeling on top of a courser grid to predict the NO2 concentration more accurately in an
airshed and at sensitive receptors.

Methods:
This study assessed the cumulative NO2 impact of all major emission sources in
an airshed using USEPA regulatory model AERMOD. A 50 km by 50 km airshed is considered
in the study. Micro-environmental pollution was modeled using a refined grid
analysis. An area (4 km x 4 km) close to GTPS, with receptors at every 150 m apart and a
further fine grid (500 m x 500 m) with receptors at every 50 m apart, was modeled.

Results:
Coarse grid modeling showed annual average NO2 concentration levels within
applicable standards. However, when fine grid modeling was conducted, the predicted annual
average NO2 concentration levels were found to exceed World Bank Guidelines and
Bangladesh Standards. A source contribution analysis showed that a quick rental power
plant (natural gas generators) without proper stacks contributed a significant portion of the
maximum 1-hr and annual average NO2 concentration (76% and 86%, respectively).

Conclusion:
The findings of fine grid modeling can be used at the policy level of the government
to enforce environmental regulations on the minimum height requirements of
stacks and city planning, avoiding downwind directions and the close proximity of powerplants
to safeguard human health.
El valor de la marca desde la perspectiva del consumidor Estudio empírico sobre preferencia, lealtad y experiencia de marca en procesos de alto y bajo involucramiento de compra
Authors: González Hernández Eva M. , Orozco Gómez Ma. Margarita , De la Paz Barrios Alejandra 
Published: August 2020

El principal objetivo de este estudio es entender la relación entre un conjunto de dimensiones propuestas en el modelo customer- based brand equity, o cbbe (por sus siglas en inglés): conocimiento, relación y actitud hacia la marca, así como preferencia de marca desde diferentes niveles de involucramiento en el proceso de compra. Específicamente, el principal propósito de este estudio es entender la relación existente entre: a) la preferencia de marca y la evaluación delos atributos por parte del consumidor; b) la preferencia de marca y la lealtad a la misma; y finalmente, c) la preferencia de marca y la experiencia de marca. Para poder entender los diferentes niveles de involucramiento en el proceso de compra, se seleccionaron tres categorías de productos: laptops (involucramiento alto), teléfonos celulares (involucramiento medio) y bebidas gaseosas (involucramiento bajo). Se aplicó una encuesta a 341 estudiantes de una escuela de negocios y en cadacategoría se compararon las cinco marcas más populares. Los resultados muestran evidencia de que el nivel de involucramiento en el proceso de compra es un factor relevante para entender la evaluación del consumidor, la preferencia, actitud, lealtad y experiencia de marca.
Mengkaji Ulang Makna Hadits ”Surga di bawah Telapak Kaki Ibu” dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: . Romlah 
Published: August 2020

Mengkaji Ulang Makna Hadits ”Surga di bawah Telapak Kaki Ibu” dalam Perspektif IslamRomlah1Jurusan Tarbiyah Fakultas Agama Islam Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Jln. Raya Tlogomas no. 246, Malang 65144; *Email : romlah@umm.ac.id Abstract :Pemberian makna hadits ini dilatarbelakangi oleh realitas akan keberadaan kaum perempuan secara jeneral pada saat sebelum datangnya Islam hingga sekarang sangat tidak berpihak kepada perempuan, meski sebagian besar mereka telah melakukan berbagai perubahan, demi menggapai kesempurnaan sebagai insan kamil (manusia sempurna). Diantaranya dengan menambah ilmu pengetahuan, baik melalui pendidikan formal (sekolah dari jenjang TK – PT), non formal (mengikuti kursus, pelatihan dan lain-lain sesuai dengan bakat dan minatnya atau tuntutan kerja) dan in formal (pengasuhan, pemberian pemahaman dan pengarahan oleh orang tua di rumah). Keywords :Hadits ”Aljannatu tahta aqdami al-ummati”, ibu
¿Un patio de contenedores, en el Oriente Antioqueño?
Authors: Ceballos - Ramírez Silvia Liliana , Guisao - Giraldo Érica Yaneth 
Published: August 2020

La utilización del contenedor
La utilización del contenedor desde la década de los cincuenta, ha generado cambios en la movilización de carga y, como resultado de los viajes de buques portacontenedores empieza la construcción de patios de contenedores o puertos secos, los cuales cobran importancia en los procesos logísticos. El propósito de este escrito es evidenciar, si un puerto seco en el Oriente Antioqueño, subregión Altiplano, aportaría a la eficiencia de los procesos de comercio exterior. La investigación fue mixta, concluyente y analítica; se realizaron entrevistas a tres (3) patios de contenedores asentadas en el departamento de Antioquia y, se hicieron encuestas a 63 empresas asentadas en la región que realizan operaciones de importación, exportación o ambas. Se resalta que los empresarios consideran que la apertura de un patio permitirá disminuir costos y tiempos de operación y poder negociar mejores tarifas con las navieras y empresas transportadoras terrestres.
desde la década de los cincuenta, ha generado cambios en la movilización de carga y, como resultado de los viajes de buques portacontenedores empieza la construcción de patios de contenedores o puertos secos, los cuales cobran importancia en los procesos logísticos. El propósito de este escrito es evidenciar, si un puerto seco en el Oriente Antioqueño, subregión Altiplano, aportaría a la eficiencia de los procesos de comercio exterior. La investigación fue mixta, concluyente y analítica; se realizaron entrevistas a tres (3) patios de contenedores asentadas en el departamento de Antioquia y, se hicieron encuestas a 63 empresas asentadas en la región que realizan operaciones de importación, exportación o ambas. Se resalta que los empresarios consideran que la apertura de un patio permitirá disminuir costos y tiempos de operación y poder negociar mejores tarifas con las navieras y empresas transportadoras terrestres.
Continuous Audit Implementation at Cia. Hering in Brazil
Authors: Codesso Mauricio , de Freitas Marcelo Machado , Wang Xinxin , de Carvalho Alecsandra , da Silva Filho Aldori Acácio 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
This paper details the implementation of continuous audit at Cia. Hering, a large Brazilian clothing retailer, including challenges and opportunities that occurred during the process. Internal auditors used emerging technologies to improve the firm's audit procedures and implement continuous auditing in the firm's tax compliance system for its manufacturing division. By comparing internal invoice information to an exogenous tax dataset extracted directly from the State's Tax and Finance Office, internal auditors were able to review all electronic invoices for manufacturing in a timely way, improving information quality and internal controls. Continuous audit provided continuous control monitoring (CCM) and continuous data assurance (CDA) and reduced tax compliance risk in its manufacturing division.
Metabolic Syndrome and COVID-19 Mortality Among Adult Black Patients in New Orleans
Authors: Xie John , Zu Yuanhao , Alkhatib Ala , Pham Thaidan T. , Gill Frances , Jang Albert , Radosta Stella , Chaaya Gerard , Myers Leann , Zifodya Jerry S. , Bojanowski Christine M. , Marrouche Nassir F. , Mauvais-Jarvis Franck , Denson Joshua L. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality is high in patients with hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. We examined the association between hypertension, obesity, and diabetes, individually and clustered as metabolic syndrome (MetS), and COVID-19 outcomes in patients hospitalized in New Orleans during the peak of the outbreak.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were collected from 287 consecutive patients with COVID-19 hospitalized at two hospitals in New Orleans, LA, from 30 March to 5 April 2020. MetS was identified per World Health Organization criteria.

RESULTS
Among 287 patients (mean age 61.5 years; female, 56.8%; non-Hispanic Black, 85.4%), MetS was present in 188 (66%). MetS was significantly associated with mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.42 [95% CI 1.52–7.69]), intensive care unit requirement (ICU) (aOR 4.59 [CI 2.53–8.32]), invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (aOR 4.71 [95% CI 2.50–8.87]), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (aOR 4.70 [95% CI 2.25–9.82]) compared with non-MetS. Multivariable analyses of hypertension, obesity, and diabetes individually showed no association with mortality. Obesity was associated with ICU (aOR 2.18 [95% CI 1.25–3.81]), ARDS (aOR 2.44 [95% CI 1.28–4.65]), and IMV (aOR 2.36 [95% CI 1.33–4.21]). Diabetes was associated with ICU (aOR 2.22 [95% CI 1.24–3.98]) and IMV (aOR 2.12 [95% CI 1.16–3.89]). Hypertension was not significantly associated with any outcome. Inflammatory biomarkers associated with MetS, CRP and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were associated with mortality (CRP [aOR 3.66] [95% CI 1.22–10.97] and LDH [aOR 3.49] [95% CI 1.78–6.83]).

CONCLUSIONS
In predominantly Black patients hospitalized for COVID-19, the clustering of hypertension, obesity, and diabetes as MetS increased the odds of mortality compared with these comorbidities individually.
Implementasi Kebijakan Pengembangan Kawasan EKonomi Khusus Tanjung Kelayang
Authors: Chaniago Alvin Rizalsan , Juwono Vishnu 
Published: August 2020

Tanjung Kelayang, as a tourism SEZ (Special Economic Zone), has some difficulties with land disputes and unfulfilled investment targets. This paper attempts to study the implementation with streams/critical juncture approach and rational implementation model. This study was conducted with a post-positivist approach and data collection by conducting in-depth interviews and literature studies as secondary data. The study showed that the SEZ was BUPP innovation to develop bussiness with incentives from the government. The government sees this as an opportunity to increase community development. The implementation of the policy was carried out with lots of actors from the government and BUPP. The problem with investment in SEZ is that the investors choose to wait and see. In terms of the important factor that influenced the implementation are unclear vision and mission, unfulfilled investment target, and monitoring without the ability to intervene..
Keywords: Special Economic Zone; Tourism; Implementation; Policy
Abstrak
KEK Tanjung Kelayang yang merupakan KEK pariwisata memiliki beberapa kendala, seperti konflik sengketa tanah dan tidak tercapainya target investasi. Tulisan ini mencoba menganalisis implementasi dari Kebijkan KEK Tanjung Kelayang tersebut dengan menggunakan multiple streams/critical juncture approach dan model implementasi rasional. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan post-positivist dan dilakukan pengumpulan data dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam serta data sekunder dari literatur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa KEK merupakan inisiatif BUPP untuk mengembangkan kawasan dengan insentif dari pemerintah. Pemerintah ikut serta melihat potensi dari pengembangan kawasannya dapat meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Dalam implementasi kebijakan dilakukan oleh banyak aktor-aktor yang terdiri dari pemerintah dan BUPP. Masalah yang menjadi hambatan KEK adalah lambatnya realisasi investasi karena banyak investor yang wait and see. Karena faktor-faktor penting implementasi yang menghambat ada pada indikator visi, misi yang kurang jelas, perencanaan target investasi yang kurang dan pengawasan tanpa kemampuan intervensi.
Kata Kunci: Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus; Pariwisata; Implementasi; Kebijakan
SIMULASI SUMUR RESAPAN BERDASARKAN ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KETINGGIAN AIR BANJIR DI KELAPA GADING JAKARTA
Authors: Felix Lionel , Sentosa Gregorius Sandjaja 
Published: August 2020

Flooding has been a problem for the past few decades in Jakarta. The flooding in early January 2020 was one of the worst floods since 2013. One of the most severely affected areas was Kelapa Gading. To find a solution, infiltration wells are used. Infiltration well is a simple conservation in the form of a container that is built in the soil that functions to accommodate, hold and absorb surface water into the soil to increase the amount and position of the ground water level. The analysis begins by calculating the rainfall intensity from the January 2020 rainfall data, proceeding with the calculation of rainwater discharge with USSCS rational method, and calculation of the volume of water entering and not entering the drainage channel. This analysis focuses on flood water levels due to extreme rainfall, to then design infiltration wells. Analysis using the program is done after getting the results of manual calculations. The results of this analysis conclude that millions of infiltration wells are needed to absorb entire volume of flood water. This is due to the shallow groundwater and extreme conditions of rainfall. Banjir sudah menjadi masalah selama beberapa dekade terakhir di Jakarta. Banjir pada awal Januari 2020 adalah salah satu banjir terparah sejak tahun 2013. Salah satu daerah yang paling terdampak adalah Kelapa Gading. Untuk mencari solusi banjir, digunakan sumur resapan. Sumur resapan adalah konservasi sederhana berupa wadah yang dibangun ke dalam tanah yang berfungsi menampung, menahan dan meresapkan air ke dalam tanah untuk meningkatkan muka air tanah. Analisis dimulai dengan menghitung intensitas hujan dari data curah hujan Januari 2020, lalu dilanjutkan dengan perhitungan debit air hujan dengan metode rasional USSCS, dan perhitungan volume air yang masuk dan tidak masuk ke saluran drainase. Analisis ini berfokus pada ketinggian air banjir akibat curah hujan yang ekstrim, untuk kemudian mendesain sumur resapan. Analisis menggunakan program dilakukan setelah mendapatkan hasil dari perhitungan manual. Hasil analisis ini menyimpulkan bahwa dibutuhkan jutaan sumur resapan untuk menyerap seluruh volume air banjir. Hal ini dikarenakan kondisi muka air tanah yang dangkal dan tingginya curah hujan.
ANALISIS ULANG STABILITAS TANAH DENGAN COMPACTED LATERITIC SOIL COLUMNS PADA COLLAPSIBLE SOIL MENGGUNAKAN RUMUS ELASTIK
Authors: Kusuma Antonius Kristanto , Sandjaja Gregorius 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTIndonesia is a tropical country that has very high rainfall rate in the whole year. This is very difficult to overcome with land problems that exist in Indonesia. The condition of the land which has a very not stable soil or we can say that it has collapsible status. Land that has collapse problems is prone to landslides, which involves very low soil carrying capacity and also very high water content in the soil. Many methods can be used to reduce collapsible soi lrate. In this re-analysis we calculate the problem of soil using the lateritic compacted soil columns. This process uses the formation of soil columns by compressing a number of points with a certain diameter so that the carrying capacity of the soil in order to repair and improve minimum occurrence of collapsible soil. But this method has advantages and disadvantages. From the results of the re-analysis conducted it was proven that the stability method using Compacted Lateritic Soil Colums reduced the possibility of soil experiencing collapsible soil. The analysis shows that the value of the edge of displacement or the total decreases due to the stability used using Compacted Lateritic Soil Colums. ABSTRAK Indonesia adalah negara tropis yang memiliki curah hujan yang sangat tinggi. Hal tersebut sangat berpengaruh dengan keadaan stabilitas tanah yang berada di Indonesia. Keadaan tanah yang memiliki stabilitas yang sangat tidak stabil dapat juga di sebut tanah dengan keadaan status collapsible . Tanah yang memiliki keadaan collapsible memiliki rentan mengalami longsor ., di akibatkan daya dukung tanah yang sangat rendah dan juga kadar air yang sangat tinggi di dalam kandungan tanah. Banyak metode stabilitas yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengurangi kemungkinan terjadinya collapsible soil. Pada analisis ulang perhitunga ini membahas stabilitas tanah menggunakanan Compacted Lateritic Soil Colums.Proses stabilitas ini menggunakan cara pebentukan kolom tanah dengan memadatkan bebarapa titik dengan diameter tertentu agar daya dukung tanah mengalami peningkatan dan mencegah terjadinya collapsible soil. Tetapi metode ini memiliki kelebihan dan juga kekurangan. Dari hasil analisi ulang yang dilakukan terbukti bahwa metode stabilitas menggunakan Compacted Lateritic Soil Colums mengurangi kemungkinan terjadinya tanah mengalami Collapsible soil. Dalam Analisis terlihat nilai edge of displacement atau total penurunan yang terjadi berkurang diakibatkan stabilitas yang di gunakan menggunakan Compacted Lateritic Soil Colums.