bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competencias Digitales en estudiantes de Licenciatura en Educación Física (Digital Competences in Bachelor of Physical Education students)
Authors: Bernate Jayson , Fonseca Ingrid , Guataquira Alexander , Perilla Alieth 
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las competencias digitales en estudiantes de Licenciatura en Educación Física. Para ello se aplicó el cuestionario de la Competencia Digital de Alumnado de Educación Superior (CDAES) diseñado por Gutierrez, Cabero y Estrada (2017), compuesto por 44 ítems y 6 variables. La metodología utilizada es de carácter cuantitativo no experimental y alcance descriptivo. Para el estudio se utilizó el software SPSS, el análisis estadístico se realizó con técnicas de estadística descriptiva y las variables analizadas fueron: alfabetización tecnológica; búsqueda y tratamiento de la información; pensamiento crítico, solución de problemas y toma de decisiones; comunicación y colaboración; competencia digital y creatividad e innovación. Los principales hallazgos reflejan que las dimensiones I, III, IV, V y VI, arrojan puntuaciones aceptables respecto a la media aritmética, mientras que la dimensión II, presentan puntuaciones bajas. Se concluye que tanto docentes como alumnos de las diferentes instituciones de educación superior deberán adquirir un conocimiento más profundo y una adaptación más constante y eficiente respecto al dominio de la tecnología.
Abstract. The objective of this article is to analyze the digital competences in students of Bachelor of Physical Education. For this, the questionnaire of the Digital Competence of Higher Education Students (CDAES) designed by Gutierrez, Cabero and Estrada (2017), composed of 44 items and 6 variables, was applied. The methodology used is quantitative, not experimental, and descriptive in scope. SPSS software was used for the study, the statistical analysis was carried out with descriptive statistics techniques and the variables analyzed were: technological literacy; search and treatment of information; critical thinking, problem solving and decision making; communication and collaboration; digital competence and creativity and innovation. The main findings reflect that dimensions I, III, IV, V and VI, yield acceptable scores with respect to the arithmetic mean, while dimension II, present low scores. It is concluded that both teachers and students of the different higher education institutions should acquire a deeper knowledge and a more constant and efficient adaptation regarding the domain of technology.
Oxidized regenerated cellulose gauze as a hemostat in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Bhandari Anu 
Published: December 2020

Background: The Ramstedt pyloromyotomy is a standard procedure for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS). However, continuous postoperative bleeding may occur from the pyloromyotomy site without the use of any hemostatic management. We aim to analyze the pre-operative and post-operative hemogram values with and without the use of oxidized regenerated cellulose gauze as a hemostat in IHPS.
Methods: A prospective study performed from January 2019 to March 2020. The patients were randomly distributed by chit method into two groups: Group A (Control) without the use of hemostat and Group B (Case) with oxidized regenerated cellulose gauze as a hemostat.
Results: There were 26 patients with 19 males and 7 females. There were 13 patients in Group A and 12 in Group B; while one patient succumbed before surgery. Ramstedt’s pyloromyotomy was performed in 25 (96.16%) patients. A total of 7 (28%) postoperative complications were recorded in our patients. One patient in group A with intraperitoneal blood collection required blood transfusion for anemia caused by peritoneal bleeding. There was one postoperative death (group A). Significant statistical differences between preoperative and postoperative RBC (106/mm3), hemoglobin (g/dl), and hematocrit (%) levels were observed in group A but insignificant differences among the values in group B.
Conclusions: We recommend that oxidized regenerated cellulose should be applied to the pyloromyotomy site to minimize perioperative bleeding associated with the Ramstedt procedure. It appears to be a safe, easily available, easy to use, and effective hemostatic agent available for IHPS.
Antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity on human breast cancer cells of essential oil from Pinus sylvestris. var mongolica needle
Authors: Namshir Javzmaa , Shatar Altantsetseg , Khandaa Oyukhan , Tserennadmid Rentsenkhand , Shiretorova Valentina Germanovna , Nguyen Manh Cuong 
Published: December 2020

Pinus sylvestris. var mongolica is a major source of timber in Mongolia. The logging process makes many kinds of valuable biomass including bark, cones, and needles, which can be used for obtaining essential oil. The essential oil from the needles of wild growing Pinus sylvestris. var mongolica growing in Mongolia was chemically analyzed and its antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic activities were evaluated. The chemical analyses identified 101 compounds in the essential oil with the major compounds of α-pinene (29.87 %), limonene + β-phellandrene (16.15 %), camphene (4.95 %), bornylacetate (4.34 %), and β-pinene (3.88 %). This oil possessed the inhibitory activity against B. subtilis, S. cerevisiae, S. aureus and E. coli, successively with minimum inhibition concentration of 0.125, 0.1, 3.0, and 10.0 µg/mL. Importantly, the oil at 50 µg/mL and 100 µg/mL inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells by 45.3 % and 99.7 %. The half of inhibition concentration of DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging was 14.36 ± 0.28 mg/mL. The results, therefore, suggested that the essential oil of a Mongolian Scotch pine could potentially be used as a preservative material in cosmetic and food products, as a bioactive agent in anti-inflammatory and wound healing products in view of its antibacterial activity. Given our findings that this essential oil has such profound activity against MCF-7 cancer cells, a further investigation concerning the full extent of this essential oil’s anticancer activities seems warranted. Furthermore, given the promising antimicrobial effects of this essential oil against various bacterial species, an investigation concerning its effect against drug-resistant bacteria would be of immense interest.
A lógica do capitalismo nas avaliações externas da educação básica
Authors: Oliveira Eduardo Paiva 
Published: December 2020

A realidade educacional no contexto da educação básica diante da sociedade capitalista apresenta o desenvolvimento das avaliações externas que proporcionam concorrência, ranqueamento e valorização ou desvalorização das instituições conforme seus resultados mesmo que se tente mostrar outra realidade. Neste trabalho de análise bibliográfica busca-se como objetivo compreender as críticas desenvolvidas sobre as avaliações externas que fundamentam o IDEB conforme seu carácter ranqueador na lógica do capitalismo, sendo que tem-se como problemática saber qual a importância de propor a autoavaliação participativa da escola realizada pela comunidade escolar como forma de proporcionar mas qualidade a educação básica.
The Boundary Object of a Makerspace
Authors: Berg Arild ,  Sandtrø Tengel Aas , Güler Evin , Carella Alfredo , Norvalls Mali , Thor Jenny Helene Haugen , Lysebo Marius 
Published: December 2020

To enhance research based interdisciplinary collaboration, the theoretical perspective of ‘Boundary Object’ was used in this article to analyse how Makerspace is a shared site of collaboration in an elective course. The study explores in practice the transitional space between institutionalized and research based higher education in relation to the free maker movement. This was driven by a pedagogical need to study how student motivation related to personal and professional interest can be maintained in a free space of learning in a formalised coursework. The theoretical model of Boundary Object was suitable to visualize a triad of interplay by i) informational artifacts; ii) their related practices; and iii) the concepts of epistemological premises of artifacts, practices, and their intersections. The study shows these concepts in a real-life context of establishing an elective course at a University and how the makerspace concept has both challenges and potential in coordinating interdisciplinary studies and how to make it professionally relevant. Despite some challenges the elective course was created as a new shared space for people with different motivations. The study demonstrate how such an elective course can contribute positively to student life, seen in a both professional and social perspective; it can strengthen inclusion, a feeling of belonging, study enjoyment and interdisciplinarity skills in a professional setting. These qualities form a value based conceptual framework, with success criteria that can enable essential student skills for the 21st century; creativity and collaboration for sustainability.
Broadband Laser for Optical Telecommunication
Authors: Khan Mohammed Z. M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article introduces a new class of broadband semiconductor lasers by presenting the perspective of their principle of operation and potential application in energy‐efficient optical communication. Firstly, the working principle of a semiconductor laser is discussed, followed by the significant advancements in the form of quantum‐confined active semiconductor materials and heterostructure laser devices. Then, the underlying principle of broadband emission, which are the broad gain‐bandwidth active materials and the related carrier dynamics, are discussed in detail. Finally, the demonstration and status of broadband quantum‐confined active region based semiconductor lasers, from the literature, are discussed. The article concludes by describing their utilization as a cohesive single light source in wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system.
Thermoelectric Energy Conversion
Authors: Goldsmid Hiroshi J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

When a junction between two different electrical conductors is heated an electromotive force (EMF) is produced. This, the Seebeck effect, can be used to generate electricity from heat. The thermoelectric effects are reversible, but they are accompanied by the irreversible effects of heat conduction and electrical resistance. Thus, the efficiency of a thermoelectric generator is usually much less than that of an ideal heat engine. It is shown that the efficiency is related to a quantity known as the figure of merit,
zT
, which can be optimized by changing the carrier concentration. The optimized figure of merit is largest when the charge carriers have high values for the mobility and effective mass and when the lattice thermal conductivity is small. Although semiconductors with Seebeck coefficients of the order of millivolts per degree can be found, it is shown that the optimum value for this quantity is not much more than ±200 μV K
−1
. Optimized thermoelectric generators have efficiencies of the order of one‐quarter of the ideal value. They are made from different materials according to the operating temperature. The absence of moving parts has made them particularly suitable in situations where maintenance is a problem. For example, they have been used successfully with radioactive heat sources in space vehicles. Prospects for their improved performance are discussed.
Epitaxial Growth of Single‐Phase 1T'‐WSe2 Monolayer with Assistance of Enhanced Interface Interaction
Authors: Chen Wang , Hu Mengli , Zong Junyu , Xie Xuedong , Meng Qinghao , Yu Fan , Wang Li , Ren Wei , Chen Aixi , Liu Gan , Xi Xiaoxiang , Li Fang‐Sen , Sun Jian , Liu Junwei , Zhang Yi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe WSe2 monolayer in 1T’ phase is reported to be a large‐gap quantum spin Hall insulator, but is thermodynamically metastable and so far the fabricated samples have always been in the mixed phase of 1T’ and 2H, which has become a bottleneck for further exploration and potential applications of the nontrivial topological properties. Based on first‐principle calculations in this work, it is found that the 1T’ phase could be more stable than 2H phase with enhanced interface interactions. Inspired by this discovery, SrTiO3 (100) is chosen as substrate and WSe2 monolayer is successfully grown in a 100% single 1T’ phase using the molecular beam epitaxial method. Combining in situ scanning tunneling microscopy and angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements, it is found that the in‐plane compressive strain in the interface drives the 1T'‐WSe2 into a semimetallic phase. Besides providing a new material platform for topological states, the results show that the interface interaction is a new approach to control both the structure phase stability and the topological band structures of transition metal dichalcogenides.
Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed (4+1) Annulation of 3‐Diazooxindoles/4‐Diazooxisoquinolines with para‐Quinone Methides to Access Chiral Spiro[dihydrobenzofuran‐2,3′‐oxindoles/2,4′‐oxisoquinolines]
Authors: Wu You‐Cai , Cui Bao‐Dong , Long Yan , Han Wen‐Yong , Wan Nan‐Wei , Yuan Wei‐Cheng , Chen Yong‐Zheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn asymmetric (4+1) annulation of 3‐diazooxindoles/4‐diazooxisoquinolines with para‐quinone methides, catalyzed by a chiral phosphoric acid, has been described. A wide range of spiro[dihydrobenzofuran‐2,3′‐oxindoles/2,4′‐oxisoquinoline] derivatives were afforded with excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities. In this study, the possible reaction pathway was proposed and the synthetic applications were shown by a tenfold scale‐up conversion as well as the further transformations into other structurally more complex spirocyclic compounds. The significance of this protocol is highlighted by its metal‐free participation with heterocyclic diazo compounds as the direct nucleophile and extremely high efficiency in a straightforward and mild reaction process to access the structurally‐diverse spiro‐heterocyclic 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran derivatives with good to excellent stereocontrol.magnified image
RNF219/α‐Catenin/LGALS3 Axis Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Bone Metastasis and Associated Skeletal Complications
Authors: Zhang Shuxia , Xu Yingru , Xie Chan , Ren Liangliang , Wu Geyan , Yang Meisongzhu , Wu Xingui , Tang Miaoling , Hu Yameng , Li Ziwen , Yu Ruyuan , Liao Xinyi , Mo Shuang , Wu Jueheng , Li Mengfeng , Song Erwei , Qi Yanfei , Song Libing , Li Jun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe incidence of bone metastases in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has increased prominently over the past decade owing to the prolonged overall survival of HCC patients. However, the mechanisms underlying HCC bone‐metastasis remain largely unknown. In the current study, HCC‐secreted lectin galactoside‐binding soluble 3 (LGALS3) is found to be significantly upregulated and correlates with shorter bone‐metastasis‐free survival of HCC patients. Overexpression of LGALS3 enhances the metastatic capability of HCC cells to bone and induces skeletal‐related events by forming a bone pre‐metastatic niche via promoting osteoclast fusion and podosome formation. Mechanically, ubiquitin ligaseRNF219‐meidated α‐catenin degradation prompts YAP1/β‐catenin complex‐dependent epigenetic modifications of LGALS3 promoter, resulting in LGALS3 upregulation and metastatic bone diseases. Importantly, treatment with verteporfin, a clinical drug for macular degeneration, decreases LGALS3 expression and effectively inhibits skeletal complications of HCC. These findings unveil a plausible role for HCC‐secreted LGALS3 in pre‐metastatic niche and can suggest a promising strategy for clinical intervention in HCC bone‐metastasis.
Band Structure Extraction at Hybrid Narrow‐Gap Semiconductor–Metal Interfaces
Authors: Schuwalow Sergej , Schröter Niels B. M. , Gukelberger Jan , Thomas Candice , Strocov Vladimir , Gamble John , Chikina Alla , Caputo Marco , Krieger Jonas , Gardner Geoffrey C. , Troyer Matthias , Aeppli Gabriel , Manfra Michael J. , Krogstrup Peter 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe design of epitaxial semiconductor–superconductor and semiconductor–metal quantum devices requires a detailed understanding of the interfacial electronic band structure. However, the band alignment of buried interfaces is difficult to predict theoretically and to measure experimentally. This work presents a procedure that allows to reliably determine critical parameters for engineering quantum devices; band offset, band bending profile, and number of occupied quantum well subbands of interfacial accumulation layers at semiconductor‐metal interfaces. Soft X‐ray angle‐resolved photoemission is used to directly measure the quantum well states as well as valence bands and core levels for the InAs(100)/Al interface, an important platform for Majorana‐zero‐mode based topological qubits, and demonstrate that the fabrication process strongly influences the band offset, which in turn controls the topological phase diagrams. Since the method is transferable to other narrow gap semiconductors, it can be used more generally for engineering semiconductor–metal and semiconductor–superconductor interfaces in gate‐tunable superconducting devices.
Robust Artificial Solid‐Electrolyte Interfaces with Biomimetic Ionic Channels for Dendrite‐Free Li Metal Anodes
Authors: Jiang Guangyu , Li Kaiyuan , Yu Feng , Li Xianglong , Mao Jiayi , Jiang Weiwei , Sun Fugen , Dai Bin , Li Yongsheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA robust artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film with biomimetic ionic channels and high stability is rationally designed and fabricated by combining the ClO4−‐decorated metal‐organic framework (UiO‐66‐ClO4) and flexible lithiated Nafion binder (Li‐Nafion). The high electronegativity and lithiophilicity of ClO4− groups chemically anchored into the UiO‐66 channels endow the SEI film with an excellent single‐ion conducting pathway, high Li+ transference number, and outstanding ionic conductivity, which can effectively prohibit undesirable reactions of the Li metal with the electrolyte and regulate fast and uniform Li+ flux. With further assistance of the flexible Li‐Nafion binder, the resulting UiO‐66‐ClO4/Li‐Nafion (UCLN) composite film exhibits an excellent mechanical strength to suppress the growth of Li dendrites and maintain the integral stability of the Li metal anodes during cycling. Consequently, the UCLN coated Li metal anodes (Li@UCLN) deliver remarkable cycling stabilities even under a high current density of up to 20 mA cm−2 and large areal capacity of up to 30 mAh cm−2, as well as enhanced rate capacities and cycle lifespans in the full cells even under the harsh conditions for high‐energy density applications.
Progressive cerebral and coronary aneurysms in the original two patients with Kosaki overgrowth syndrome
Authors: Takenouchi Toshiki , Kodo Kazuki , Yamazaki Fumito , Nakatomi Hirofumi , Kosaki Kenjiro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSkeletal overgrowth accompanied by de novo heterozygous activating mutations in PDGFRB (platelet‐derived growth factor receptor beta), that is, p.Pro584Arg and p.Trp566Arg, defines Kosaki overgrowth syndrome (OMIM #616592). Emerging evidence suggests a role of PDGFRB in the genesis of cerebral aneurysms. The delineation of the range and progression of the vascular phenotype of Kosaki overgrowth syndrome is urgently needed. Herein, we conducted subsequent analyses of serial neurovascular imaging studies of two original patients with a de novo heterozygous mutation in PDGFRB, that is, p.Pro584Arg. The analysis showed the progressive dilation of basilar and vertebral arteries and coronary arteries commencing during the teenage years and early 20s. The radiographic appearance of the basilar vertebral aneurysms showed signs of arterial wall dilation, compatible with the known vascular pathology of vascular‐type Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome and Loeys‐Dietz syndrome. The dolichoectasia in cerebrovascular arteries can lead to fatal complications, even with neurosurgical interventions. To prevent the progression of artery dilation, preventative and therapeutic medical measures using tyrosine kinase inhibitors may be necessary in addition to optimal control of the systemic blood pressure. Kosaki overgrowth syndrome is a clinically recognizable syndrome that can exhibit progressive dilatory and tortuous vascular changes in basilar/vertebral and coronary arteries as early as in the teenage years. We recommend careful counseling regarding the risk of future vascular complications, optimal blood pressure control, and regular systemic vascular screening during follow‐up examinations.
Biallelic loss of OTUD7A causes severe muscular hypotonia, intellectual disability, and seizures
Authors: Suzuki Hisato , Inaba Mie , Yamada Mamiko , Uehara Tomoko , Takenouchi Toshiki , Mizuno Seiji , Kosaki Kenjiro , Doi Motomichi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe heterozygous deletion of 15q13.3 is a recurrently observed microdeletion syndrome associated with a relatively mild phenotype including learning disability and language impairment. In contrast, the homozygous deletion of 15q13.3 is extremely rare and is associated with a much severer phenotype that includes epileptic encephalopathy, profound intellectual disability, and hypotonia. Which of the genes within the deleted interval is responsible for the more severe features when biallelically deleted is currently unknown. Here, we report a patient with profound hypotonia, severe intellectual disability, and seizures who had biallelic loss‐of‐function variants in OTUD7A: a 15q13.3 deletion including the OTUD7A locus, and a frameshift OTUD7A variant c.1125del, p.(Glu375Aspfs*11). Unexpectedly, both aberrations occurred de novo. Our experiment using Caenorhabditis elegans showed that worms carrying a corresponding homozygous variant in the homolog OTUB‐2 exhibited weakened muscle contraction suggestive of aberrant neuromuscular transmission. We concluded that the biallelic complete loss of OTUD7A in humans represents a presumably new autosomal recessive disorder characterized by profound hypotonia, severe intellectual disability, and seizures.
Stabilization of Undercooled Metals via Passivating Oxide Layers
Authors: Martin Andrew , Chang Boyce S. , Pauls Alana M. , Du Chuanshen , Thuo Martin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUndercooling metals relies on frustration of liquid–solid transition mainly by an increase in activation energy. Passivating oxide layers are a way to isolate the core from heterogenous nucleants (physical barrier) while also raising the activation energy (thermodynamic/kinetic barrier) needed for solidification. The latter is due to composition gradients (speciation) that establishes a sharp chemical potential gradient across the thin (0.7–5 nm) oxide shell, slowing homogeneous nucleation. When this speciation is properly tuned, the oxide layer presents a previously unaccounted for interfacial tension in the overall energy landscape of the relaxing material. We demonstrate that 1) the integrity of the passivation oxide is critical in stabilizing undercooled particle, a key tenet in developing heat‐free solders, 2) inductive effects play a critical role in undercooling, and 3) the magnitude of the influence of the passivating oxide can be larger than size effects in undercooling.