bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WISP2 promotes cell proliferation via targeting ERK and YAP in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Shi Zi-Qing , Chen Zi-Yan , Han Yao , Zhu Heng-Yan , Lyu Meng-Dan , Zhang Han , zhang Yi , Yang Liu-Qing , PAN WEI-WEI 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Wnt inducible signaling protein 2 (WISP2) is a wnt1-induced signaling pathway protein 2. Although studies indicate that WISP2 may promote the development of various tumors, its role in ovarian cancer remains unclear. The objective of the current study was to analyze the effects of WISP2 on proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells in vitro and in vivo . Results Immunohistochemistry and western blot results indicated that WISP2 was highly expressed in various ovarian tissues and cell lines. WISP2 deletion inhibited cell growth, clone formation, and migration of ovarian cancer cells. WISP2 deletion promoted cell apoptosis and affected the cell cycle. This growth inhibitory effect caused by WISP2 loss is due to the inhibition of extracellular signal-related kinase (p-ERK)1/2, as well as CEBPα and CEBPβ. In addition, WISP2 deletion also activated the Yes-associated protein (YAP). Conclusion WISP2 deletion inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation by affecting ERK signaling pathways.
Long - term follow up of a simplified and less burdened pancreatic duct ligation model of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in Goettingen Minipigs
Authors: Luu Andreas Minh , Brock Alexander , Ritz Sabrina , Junghänel Sandra , Aldag Ingo , Edskes Stella , Hartmann Marcus , Hessler Michael , Praktiknjo Michael , Arnemann Philip , Ertmer Christian , Uhl Waldemar , Schnekenburger Jürgen , Herzog Torsten 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPancreatic duct ligation in a minipig model leads to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI). This allows studies of digestive processes and pancreatic enzyme replacement therapies (PERT). However, detailed descriptions of the surgical procedure, perioperative management, and determination of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency are scarce in literature. To date, data of long-term health status of minipigs after induction of EPI are not available. This study describes in detail the experimental approach of EPI-induction via pancreatic duct ligation in minipigs and long-term results of the animal’s health state.Methods14 Goettingen minipigs underwent pancreatic duct ligation via midline laparotomy for the induction of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Fecal fat content, fat absorption, body weight, chymotrypsin levels, blood vitamin levels and glucose levels were determined. Follow-up data was gathered for a period of 180 weeks postoperatively.ResultsExocrine pancreatic insufficiency was successfully induced in 12 Goettingen minipigs. Fecal fat content increased from 9.0% to 30.9% (p < 0.001). Mean coefficient of fat absorption decreased from 90% (± 2.8) to 24.2% (± 8.3). PERT led to a significant increase of fat absorption. Two minipigs failed to develop exocrine insufficiency most likely due to undetected accessory pancreatic ducts. All animals tolerated the procedure very well and gained weight within 6 weeks past surgery. Follow up for 180 weeks showed a stable body weight and health state of the animals with normal blood glucose levels. Vitamin E and B12 levels dropped significantly between post-op week 125 and 134 requiring vitamin supplementation. ConclusionsPancreatic duct ligation in minipigs is an excellent method to induce exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. It is important to identify and ligate accessory pancreatic ducts since persistence of accessory ducts will lead to maintenance of exocrine pancreatic function. The EPI model caused no persistent side effects in the animals and can be applied in long-term EPI studies. However, it is important to substitute Vitamin B12 and E as their concentration drops in the long-term period.
Comparing the SF-36 and SF-12 in Psychometric Properties as Measuring Quality of Life among Adolescent in China: a Large Sample Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Lin Yanwei , Yu Yulan , Zeng Jiayong , Zhao Xudong , Wan Chonghua 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: By comparing psychometric properties of the SF-36 and the SF-12, supplied evidence for the election of instruments of the quality of life (QOL) and decision-making processes to promote the Quality of Life of adolescent. Methods: Stratified cluster random sampling was adopted. The Short-Form 36 (SF-36) was used to assess QOL. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used to show correlation. Cronbach’s Alpha and Construct Reliability (CR) were used to evaluate reliability of SF-36 and the Short-Form 12 (SF-12), Criterion Validity and Average Variance Extracted (AVE, Convergence Validity) for validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to calculate load factor for each item, then obtained CR and AVE. The Semejima grade response model (Logistic two-parameter module) in the item response theory was used to estimate the Item Discrimination, Item Difficulty and Item Average Information of each item. Results: 19,428 samples were included in the study. The mean age was 14.78 years (SD=1.77). High correlations between corresponding domains and components of both scales were found. Reliability of sf-36 each domain was better than that corresponding domain of sf-12. Domains of PF, RP, BP, and GH in SF-36 had good construct reliability (CR,>0.6). The Criterion Validities of SF-36 were little higher in some corresponding dimensions except PCS. Convergence validities of SF-12 were higher than SF-36 in PF, RP, BP and PCS. The items of BP, SF, RP and VT in SF-12 had acceptable discriminations of items and higher than in SF-36. The items Average Amounts of Information of BP, VT, SF, RE and MH in SF-36 and SF-12 were poor. Conclusion: Two components (PCS and MCS) measurements of SF-12 appeared to perform at least as well as the SF-36 in cross-sectional settings in adolescence. Some domains, for instance SF and BP, were suitable for adolescents or not need study further.
PEDF Induces Native Coronary Collateral Microcirculation Remodeling in a Manner Similar to That of FSS Through Activing Canonical and Non-canonical Notch1 Signaling Pathway Simultaneously
Authors: Chen Jiali , Liu Xiucheng , Qin Xichun , Zhang Hao , Liu Zhiwei , Zhu Lidong , Quan Xiaoyu , Wang Yuzhuo , Zhou Yeqing , Dong Hongyan , Zhang Zhongming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Our previous studies showed that the coronary collateral microcirculation reserve (CCMR) in rat hearts is abundant, but the structure is naturally flawed, which preventing it from continuously providing alternative blood flow to the ischemic myocardium. Further research indicated that pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) can induce CCMR vessels remodeling in a manner similar to that of fluid shear stress (FSS), thus improving compensatory blood flow. However, the specific mechanism remained unclear. Methods We established the rat model of PEDF overexpression in the myocardium and the cardiac explant angiogenesis model in matrigel to identify the role of the canonical and non-canonical Notch1 signaling pathway in the process of PEDF-induced CCMR remodeling. Results: We found that pharmaceutical blockage of Notch1 pathway via γ-secretase inhibitor N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-L-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT) would effectively abrogate the remodeling process, including the diameter expansion and adherens junctions reorganization of CCMR induced by PEDF. In vitro, western blot and enzyme activity assay analysis indicated that PEDF treatment simultaneously active the canonical Notch1 pathway (NICD/AKT/eNOS/NO) and non-canonical Notch1 pathway (TMD/VE-cadherin-LAR-Trio complex). To our amusement, using L-Nitromonomethylarginine (L-NMMA) acetate to inhibit endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity could significantly block PEDF-induced the diameter expansion of the nascent blood vessels, but it had little effect on the reassembly of adherens junctions. While activation of non-canonical Notch1 pathway seems to be the cause of adherens junctions remodeling. Blocking of the non-canonical Notch1 pathway canceled PEDF-driven adherens junctions assembly. Conclusions We demonstrate the specific mechanism of PEDF-induced native collateral microcirculation remodeling. PEDF can active the canonical Notch1 pathway signaling pathway to promote lumenal remodeling and, Simultaneously, active non-canonical Notch1 signaling pathway responsible for adherens junctions assembly.
Incidence and Survival Trends of Bladder Rhabdomyosarcoma:A SEER-based Analysis of 125 Cases
Authors: Li Pin , Zhou Huixia , Cao Hualin , Guo Tao , Zhu Weiwei , Zhao Yang , Ma Lifei , Zhou Xiaoguang , Tao Tian , Feng Zhichun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background To elucidate the bladder rhabdomyosarcoma clinicopathological characteristics and reveal the prognostic factors. Methods We screened data from SEER database (1975-2016) stratified by age group, evaluated the differences between groups with Chi-square and Fisher’s test, conducted the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and plotted the survival curve. The significant factors were brought into Cox regression analysis and calculated the HR(95%CI). Results About half of the patients who develop bladder RMS will be younger than 2 years of age. Embryonal RMS account for 76% of all histopathology types. Age at diagnosis more than 16-y (HR=6.595,95%CI:3.62-12.01, p=7.04e-10), NOT embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (HR=3.61, 95%CI:1.99-6.549, p =4.1e-06), without radiotherapy combined or surgery alone (HR=4.382, 95%CI:1.99-6.549, p =2.4e-05) and not performed the surgery (HR=2.982,95%CI:1.263-7.039, p =0.0126) were negatively correlated with 5-year survival time, while race( p =0.341), whether performed the lymphadenectomy( p =0.722) showed no influence on survival time. Cox regression results show that age, histology, SEER stage, treatment combined or alone influence the clinical outcomes. Conclusions We demonstrated the demographic and characteristic of bladder rhabdomyosarcoma, identified and excluded the prognostic factors for the 5-year overall survival and clinical outcomes.
Clinical Implications of Alanine Transaminase Level in the Diagnostic Accuracy of Alpha-Fetoprotein for Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Hepatis B Infection
Authors: Hu Bo , Chen Jiahao , Wu Manli , Gong Jiao , Liu Zhihuan , He Guowei , Zhu Huiqing , Li Zhaoxia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Abnormally elevated AFP level is often observed in patients with chronic hepatitis infections without evident of (hepatocellular carcinoma) HCC. Our study aimed to investigate the influence of alanine transaminase (ALT) on the accuracy of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for detecting HCC. Methods This retrospective study recruited 799 patients with HCC, cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis due to hepatitis B infection and healthy adults between July 2017 and January 2019. Comparisons of the area under the receiver-operating curves (AUCs) for detecting HCC in different ALT levels were calculated. Results Serum ALT and gamma-glutamyl transferase level were significantly associated with elevated AFP in patients without HCC. The AUC of AFP was higher in patients with ALT ≤ 2 upper limit of normal (ULN) than in patients with ALT > 2ULN (0.806 vs 0.611, P <0.001). Nevertheless, there was not significant differences in the AUCs of AFP/(ALT×Aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in patients with ALT ≤ 2 ULN and with ALT > 2ULN (0.769 vs 0.769, P = 0.68). AFP/(ALT×AST) was better than AFP in patients with ALT > 2ULN for detecting HCC (P <0.001). Conclusions Higher ALT level might impair the accuracy of AFP for diagnosing HCC. AFP tests showed better accuracy in patients with ALT ≤ 2 ULN whereas AFP/(ALT×AST) ratio was recommended in patients with elevated ALT level.
A patient distance metric for neurology
Authors: Hier Daniel B , Kopel Jonathan , Brint Steven U , II Donald C Wunsch , Olbricht Gayla R , Azizi Sima , Allen Blaine 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: Neurologists lack a metric for measuring the distance between neurological patients. When neurological signs and symptoms are represented as neurological concepts from a hierarchical ontology and neurological patients are represented as sets of concepts, distances between patients can be represented as inter-set distances.Methods:We converted the neurological signs and symptoms from 721 published neurology cases into sets of concepts with corresponding machine-readable codes. We calculated inter-concept distances based a hierarchical ontology and we calculated inter-patient distances by semantic weighted bipartite matching. We evaluated the accuracy of a k-nearest neighbor classifier to allocate patients into 40 diagnostic classes.Results:Within a given diagnosis, mean patient distance differed by diagnosis, suggesting that across diagnoses there are differences in how similar patients are to other patients with the same diagnosis. The mean distance from one diagnosis to another diagnosis differed by diagnosis, suggesting that diagnoses differ in their proximity to other diagnoses. Utilizing a k-nearest neighbor classifier and inter-patient distances, the risk of misclassification differed by diagnosis.Conclusion:If signs and symptoms are converted to machine-readable codes and patients are represented as sets of these codes, patient distances can be computed as an inter-set distance. These patient distances given insights into how homogeneous patients are within a diagnosis (stereotypy), the distance between different diagnoses (proximity), and the risk of diagnosis misclassification (diagnostic error).
Impeding factors of early rehabilitation postoperatively after rheumatoid toe arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Goto Shunsaku , Kasuya Yusuke , Okuyama Keiko , Ikari Katsunori , Ozaki Makoto 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: It is important to promote early ambulation postoperatively but there are many factors that can hinder the possibility of walking after surgery. Studies have been done to research the benefits related to early ambulation postoperatively but few are focused on patients that have rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We retrospectively investigated the incidence and predictors of the inability to start walking on the first postoperative day (POD) after rheumatoid toe arthroplasty.Methods: RA patients who underwent toe arthroplasty at an academic teaching hospital were retrospectively reviewed. We divided patients into the two groups: possible group, who were able to walk on the first day postoperatively and impossible group, who were unable to walk on the first day postoperatively. The primary outcome was odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) between various patient factors and the impossible group with logistic regression analysis. The post hoc analysis for association between anesthesia methods and postoperative outcome was carried out.Results: A total of 300 patients were included and divided into two groups: possible group (n = 191) and impossible group (n = 109). The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) before rehabilitation was significantly associated with the infeasibility of walking rehabilitation on the first POD [OR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.22-4.14, P = 0.003]. The number of rescue analgesics administered before rehabilitation and the supplementation of peripheral nerve block (PNB) was also associated with the infeasibility of walking rehabilitation on the first POD [OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.04-1.59, P = 0.003], [OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.20-0.79, P = 0.010], respectively. In the post hoc analysis, incidence of PONV was highly associated with postoperative intravenous continuous opioid (48.7%, P < 0.0001) compared to regional analgesia; PNB (11.3 %) and epidural (26.7%).Conclusions: In our study, the incidence of PONV and inadequate postoperative pain management hindered early rehabilitation. Adding PNB to general anesthesia had an advantage for postoperative rehabilitation and decreased PONV after rheumatoid toe surgery.
Perioperative glucocorticoids are associated with improved long-term survival after pancreatic cancer surgery: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Yun-Xiao , Mu Dong-Liang , Jin Ke-Min , Li Xue-Ying , Wang Dong-Xin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Perioperative anesthetic management may affect long-term outcome after cancer surgery. This study aimed to investigate the effect of perioperative glucocorticoids on long-term survival in patients after radical resection for pancreatic cancer.Methods In this retrospective cohort study, patients who underwent radical resection for pancreatic cancer from January 2005 to December 2016 were recruited. Baseline and perioperative data including use of glucocorticoids for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting were collected. Patients were followed up for tumor recurrence and survival. The primary outcome was the overall survival (OS); the secondary outcome was the recurrence-free survival (RFS). A multivariable Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the influence of perioperative glucocorticoid use on OS and RFS after correction for confounding factors.Results A total of 215 patients after radical surgery for pancreatic cancer were included in the study; of these, 112 received perioperative glucocorticoids and 103 did not. Patients were followed up for a median of 74.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 68.3-79.7). Both OS and RFS were significantly longer in patients with glucocorticoids than in those without (for OS: median 19.7 months [95% CI 12.3-36.2] vs. 13.9 months [8.0-23.9], P=0.001; for RFS: 12.0 months [6.0-28.0] vs. 6.9 months [4.2-17.0], P=0.002). After correction for confounding factors, perioperative glucocorticoids were significantly associated with prolonged OS (HR 0.692, 95% CI 0.499-0.959, P=0.027) and RFS (HR 0.634, 95% CI 0.459-0.878, P=0.006).Conclusions Perioperative use of low-dose glucocorticoids may improve long-term survival in patients undergoing radical surgery for pancreatic cancer.
Prediction of deep vein thrombosis by ultrasonography and D-dimer in Asian patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Ha Sang Hee , Kim Yeon-Jung , Heo Sung Hyuk , Chang Dae-il , Kim Bum Joon 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is an important complication of ischemic stroke, although the incidence of DVT is regarded as being lower in Asian than in non-Asian patients. Here, we investigated the incidence and factors associated with DVT in Asian patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: Acute ischemic stroke patients received lower extremity ultrasonography (LEUS) to diagnose the presence of DVT. Clinical characteristics and laboratory results, including D-dimer level, were compared between patients with and without DVT. Independent risk factors for DVT were investigated using multivariable analysis. Similar analysis was performed to identify factors associated with elevated D-dimer level (>0.5 mg/dl was regarded as abnormal) in acute ischemic stroke patients. Results: During the study period, 289 patients were enrolled, and 38 (13.1%) showed DVT. Female sex (OR=2.579, 95% CI=1.224–5.432; p=0.013) and a high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (OR=1.191 95% CI=1.095–1.294; p=0.005) were independently associated with the presence of DVT, although D-dimer level was not. Stroke mechanism, especially cardioembolism (OR=3.440 95% CI=1.051–4.078; p=0.006; reference: large artery atherosclerosis), and high NIHSS score (OR=1.135, 95% CI 1.051–1.224; p=0.001) were independently associated with elevated abnormal D-dimer level. Conclusion: The s everity of ischemic stroke, but not the D-dimer level, was associated with the presence of DVT in Asian ischemic stroke patients. D-dimer level was influenced by the stroke mechanism. Performing LEUS in patients with severe neurological deficit, rather than screening with D-dimer, may be more beneficial for diagnosing DVT in Asian patients with acute ischemic stroke.
Over-utilisation of maternity in a tertiary referral hospital in Cambodia – a descriptive study with implications for equity in access to health services and official development assistance
Authors: Matsui Mitsuaki , Tsukada Minori , Masaki Yoko , Tung Rathavy , Iwamoto Azusa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Overcrowding was observed in a maternity ward of a tertiary level referral hospital, which serves the Kampong Cham and Tbong Khmum provinces in Cambodia and was constructed by the Japanese Official Development Assistance program. This study aims to investigate the reasons for the congestion, and the functions of the maternity ward within the provincial health system.Methods: The trend in the number of deliveries was determined between 2007 and 2017, and the maternity bed occupancy rate in 2017 was calculated. At the maternity the numbers and proportions of deliveries were assessed in 2017, as well as within other public health facilities in each district. Information on the deliveries was obtained from the maternity and the Ministry of Health.Results: A marked increase in the number of deliveries at the maternity was observed after the inauguration of the new building; specifically, from 1522 births in 2007 to 4667 in 2017. Users from Kampong Cham (2782, 60%) and Tbong Khmum (1572, 34%) were dominant. The bed occupancy rate was 187%, and 52% of the occupancy was for normal vaginal births. More than 100 women came to the maternity from up to 75 km distance for vaginal delivery. Of the estimated number of births in the two provinces, 36% and 13% were conducted at health centres and district hospitals, respectively.Conclusions: The overcrowding was mainly caused by normal vaginal deliveries, and perhaps was due to the policy of self-referral and open choice of delivery location. Overcrowding hampers the standard functions of a referral hospital and can horizontally and vertically widen inequities among the population. Overcrowding of a facility can be aggravated by the construction of a modern tertiary level facility, made possible by external aid such as that by Japan. Deliberate assessment and planning are essential from the viewpoint of the district health system to maximise the effect of external assistance to low- and middle-income countries.
Characterization of an early 20th century Chinese manuscript with foxing stains
Authors: Li Jing , Li Yuhu , Luo Yujia , Teri Gele , Jia Zhihui , Fu Peng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Foxing spots are reddish-brown, brown or yellowish in irregular shapes, commonly discovered on paper materials. However, effects of the spots on degradation of Chinese papers have rarely been reported. In this study, a 20 th century Chinese manuscript with few foxing stains was explored. This manuscript is made of 80% chemical softwood pulp and 20% mechanical softwood pulp, on which foxing spots are surrounded by a clear rim of fluorescence illuminated by UV light. Paper areas with the foxing stains are more acidic than the un-foxed. However, no obvious difference of cellulose crystallinity identified by XRD (X-ray diffraction) were found between paper areas with and without foxing spots. Also, characteristic peaks of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of paper areas with and without the spots do not show obvious difference. Fungal identification of the spots demonstrates that fungi belong to the genus Alternaria tenuissima and Alternaria solani . This research extends our understanding of foxing spots on Chinese archives and informs further preventive conservation.