bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multispecies Fish Passage Evaluation at a Rock-Ramp Fishway in a Colorado Transition Zone Stream
Authors: Richer Eric E. , Fetherman Eric R. , Krone Elizabeth A. , Wright F. Boyd , Kondratieff Matt C. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Stream habitat fragmentation caused by manmade structures is ubiquitous in Colorado, creating a need for passage solutions that accommodate multiple fish species. This study tested the effectiveness of a rock-ramp fishway for passing nine fish species with a range of swimming abilities. The target species for the fishway design included Brassy Minnow Hybognathus hankinsoni (weakest swimming), Longnose Dace Rhinichthys cataractae, Longnose Sucker Catostomus catostomus, and Brown Trout Salmo trutta (strongest swimming). Testing included a 46-h enclosure study and 3-month extended study, during which fish passage was evaluated using PIT tags. All of the species exhibited successful passage through the fishway during the enclosure study, but movement probabilities varied by species. Five species were not detected at the fishway during the extended study, possibly due to issues with attraction flows, entrance conditions, or motivation. Hydraulic conditions within the fishway were also evaluated. Roughness elements maintained a benthic, low-velocity zone across a range of flows, even when surface and depth-averaged velocities surpassed the design criteria for the weakest swimming species. The methods from this study could be replicated at other locations to evaluate design criteria (e.g., slope, capacity, roughness, and configuration) and performance for a variety of fish species and fishway types.
A multisurface kinematic hardening model for the behavior of clays under combined static and undrained cyclic loading
Authors: Stoecklin Andreas , Friedli Balz , Puzrin Alexander M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn dynamic geotechnical problems, soils are often subjected to a combination of sustained static and fast cyclic loading. Under such loading conditions, saturated and normally consolidated clays generally experience a build‐up of excess pore water pressure along with a degradation of stiffness and strength. If the strength of the soil falls below the static stress demand, a self‐driven failure is triggered. In this paper, a constitutive model is presented for the analysis of such problems, based on a general multisurface plasticity framework. The hardening behavior, the initial arrangement of the surfaces, and the nonassociated volumetric flow rule are defined to capture important aspects of cyclic clay behavior. This includes nonlinear hysteretic stress‐strain behavior, the effect of anisotropic consolidation, and the generation of excess pore water pressure during undrained cyclic loading along with a degradation of stiffness and strength. The model requires nine independent parameters, which can be derived from standard laboratory tests. A customized experimental program has been performed to validate the model performance. The model predictions show a good agreement with test results from monotonic and cyclic undrained triaxial tests, in particular with respect to the strain‐softening response and the number of loading cycles to failure. A procedure for a general stress‐space implicit numerical implementation for undrained, total stress‐based finite element analyses is presented, including the derivation of the consistent tangent operator. Finally, a simulation of the seismic response of a submarine slope is shown to illustrate a possible application of the presented model.
In utero myelomeningocele repair: The natural history of patients with incontinent pattern (sphincteric deficiency: leakage below 40 CMH20)
Authors: Macedo Antonio , Di Migueli Ricardo Del Debbio , Cavalheiro Sérgio , Moron Antonio , da Cruz Marcela Leal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionSince 2011 we have been following prospectively myelomeningocele patients treated in utero with particular interest to patients with sphincter weakness/deficiency. We investigated the changes of bladder pattern and upper urinary tract with time in children who underwent in utero repair and had low‐pressure incontinence based on urodynamic evaluation (UE).Materials and MethodsFrom the 120 patients in our database, 117 had at least one UE. Of these, 30 were classified as incontinent when leaking at low pressure (<40 cmH20). We reviewed clinical evaluation, urinary tract ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography (VCUG), and other UE parameters at first and last evaluation.ResultsWe found 30 cases (25.64%). Mean age at initial evaluation was 4.97 months followed by UE done initially at mean age of 5.73 months. Follow‐up was 28.4 months. Febrile urinary tract infection has been found in four patients (13.3%), hydronephrosis in four patients, and bladder neck thickening in three (10%). The VCUG showed vesicoureteral reflux in three cases (3/27, 11.1%). A total of 90% of patients had detrusor overactivity with mean maximum detrusor pressure (33.37 cmH20). Only 16.67% of patients showed normal bladder capacity. From the 30 patients, 23 had at least two UE. We noticed a change of bladder pattern as follows: six patients became of high‐risk pattern, five normal, and two with underactive bladder pattern. The average interval between the first and last UE was 25.5 months (median: 15 months).ConclusionWe concluded that 43.47% of patients with low DLPP have kept the incontinent pattern. If the initial LPP was below 30 cmH20, 70% remained with the incontinet pattern.
Approximation of functions by a new construction ofBernstein‐Chlodowskyoperators: Theory and applications
Authors: Usta Fuat 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe main motivation of this paper is to provide a generalization of Bernstein‐Chlodowsky type operators which depend on functionτby means of two sequences of functions. The newly defined operators fix the test function set{1, τ, τ2}. Then we present the approximation properties of newly defined operators, such as weighted approximation, degree of approximation and Voronovskaya type theorems. Finally, we present a series of numerical examples demonstrating the effectiveness of this newly defined Bernstein‐Chlodowsky operators for computing function approximation.
Efficacy of BRAF-Inhibitor Therapy in BRAF
V600E-Mutated Adult Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
Authors: Hazim Antonious Z. , Ruan Gordon J. , Ravindran Aishwarya , Abeykoon Jithma P. , Scheckel Caleb , Vassallo Robert , Ryu Jay H. , Tobin W. Oliver , Koster Matthew J. , Bennani N. Nora , Rech Karen L. , Young Jason R. , Shah Mithun V. , Goyal Gaurav , Go Ronald S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare histiocytic neoplasm. To date, there is a lack of U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved treatments in adult LCH to establish optimal first-line therapy. We conducted a retrospective, single-center case series evaluating the use of BRAF inhibitors in adult patients with BRAFV600E- LCH proven by biopsy. Our case series is the first to report the use of BRAF inhibitors as first-line therapy in adults with LCH. We also report the efficacy with single-agent dabrafenib in adult LCH. All but one of our patients had favorable response to targeted therapy.
Comprehensive genetic features of gastric mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas and pure neuroendocrine carcinomas
Authors: Koh Jiwon , Nam Soo Kyung , Kwak Yoonjin , Kim Gilhyang , Kim Ka‐Kyung , Lee Byung‐Chul , Ahn Sang‐Hoon , Park Do Joong , Kim Hyung‐Ho , Park Kyoung Un , Kim Woo Ho , Lee Hye Seung 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe aimed to determine the pathogenesis of gastric mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) and pure neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), which is largely unknown. Targeted DNA sequencing was performed on 34 tumor samples from 21 patients – 13 adenocarcinoma (ADC)/NEC components from MANECs and eight pure NECs – and 21 matched non‐neoplastic gastric tissues. Mutational profiles of MANECs/NECs were compared with those of other tumors using public databases. The majority (64.1%; 59/92) of mutations in MANEC were shared by both ADC and NEC components.TP53was the most commonly mutated gene in MANEC (69.2%, 9/13) and pure NEC (87.5%, 8/9). AllTP53mutations in MANEC were pathogenic mutations and were shared by both ADC and NEC components. A subset ofTP53WTMANECs had a microsatellite‐unstable phenotype or amplifications in various oncogenes includingERBB2andNMYC, and the onlyTP53WTpure NEC harboredMYCamplification. Compared to NEC in other organs, NECs arising from the stomach had unique features including less frequentRB1mutations. Differentially altered genes of MANEC ADC components were significantly associated with receptor tyrosine kinase signaling pathways, while differentially altered genes of MANEC NEC components were significantly associated with the NOTCH signaling pathway. Our data provide evidence suggesting a possible clonal origin of ADC and NEC components of MANEC, and we found that gastric MANECs and pure NECs are distinct entities with unique mutational profiles and underlying protein networks. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reinforcement of poly(ether ketone) by introducing fluorene groups and their effect on thermal and mechanical properties
Authors: Wei Jiaxin , Shang Yingshuang , Xu Da , Wang Zhaoyang , Jiang Zilong , Gao Yanwei , Zhang Haibo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA series of novel poly(ether ketone) copolymers with different contents of fluorene groups were synthesized. The effects of fluorene group content on the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(ether ketone) copolymers were investigated. The introduction of a low content of fluorene groups can lead to an increase in glass transition temperature, thermal stability and heat deflection temperature. Among them, the heat deflection temperature of 10% fluorene‐containing poly(ether ketone) copolymers (PEK‐FD10) increases from 178 °C (pure poly(ether ketone)) to 196 °C, which means that the material has a higher heat resistance rating. Compared with poly(ether ketone)s, these copolymers have excellent mechanical properties. When the content of fluorene groups is only 2% (PEK‐FD2), the strength is significantly improved. And the flexural strength of PEK‐FD2 is 149.3 MPa, which is 12% higher than that of poly(ether ketone). It is worth noting that the fracture toughness and impact toughness are also increased significantly. The strain at break of PEK‐FD2 is up to 88% and the impact toughness of PEK‐FD2 is 54.6 J m−1. This suggests that the introduction of minute contents of fluorene groups can simultaneously increase the strength and toughness. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
Association between CD8 and PD‐L1 expression and outcomes after radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer
Authors: Vicier Cecile , Ravi Praful , Kwak Lucia , Werner Lillian , Huang Ying , Evan Carolyn , Loda Massimo , Hamid Anis A. , Sweeney Christopher J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundCharacterization of markers of both immune suppression and activation may provide more prognostic information than assessment of single markers in localized prostate cancer. We therefore sought to determine the association between CD8 and PD‐L1 expression in localized prostate tumors and biochemical recurrence (BCR) and metastasis‐free survival (MFS).MethodsTissue microarrays were constructed on 109 men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) for localized prostate cancer at Dana–Farber Cancer Institute between 1991 and 2008. Fluorescence immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of six immune markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, PD‐1, PD‐L1, FOXP3). Quantitative multispectral imaging analysis was used to calculate the density of each marker, which was dichotomized by the median as “high” or “low.” Cox proportional hazards regression models and Kaplan–Meier analyses were used to analyze associations between immune marker densities and time to BCR and MFS.ResultsOver a median follow‐up of 8.1 years, 55 (51%) and 39 (36%) men developed BCR and metastases, respectively. Median time to BCR was shorter in men with low CD8 (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.27 [1.27–4.08]) and high PD‐L1 expression (HR = 2.03 [1.17‐3.53]). While neither low CD8 or high PD‐L1 alone were independent predictors of BCR or MFS on multivariable analysis, men with low CD8 and/or high PD‐L1 had a significantly shorter time to BCR (median 3.5 years vs. NR) and MFS (median 10.8 vs. 18.4 years) compared to those with high CD8 and low PD‐L1 expression. The main limitation is the retrospective and singe‐center nature of the study.ConclusionThe presence of higher CD8 and lower PD‐L1 expression in prostatectomy specimens was associated a low risk of biochemical relapse and metastatic disease. These findings are hypothesis‐generating and further study is needed.
Pharmacist’s role in HIV care in France. Implication for clinical improvement of people living with HIV worldwide
Authors: Jacomet Christine , Langlois Julie , Secher Solene , Coban Dilek , Lambert Celine , Zucman David , Trout Herve , Maarek Rene , Billaud Eric , Certain Agnes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn France, antiretroviral (ARV) treatment can be dispensed by hospital and/or community pharmacies. Since January 2016, an online patient medication file can be used to optimize dispensing, but medication interviews have not yet been incorporated into this system. To understand both people living with HIV (PLHIV) and their pharmacists’ habits and expectations of patient medication file and interviews, two consecutive national surveys were organized. The first one, carried out in October 2016 in care centers, was an anonymous questionnaire for PLHIV. The second one was an online survey for community and hospital pharmacies conducted in February 2017. A total of 1137 PLHIV (68% men, of mean age 50.2 ± 11.5 years, CD4 count 671 ± 354, 90% with undetectable HIV viral load (VL) and 64.2% reporting comorbidities) and 246 pharmacies responded. While the existence of the online medication file is known by 58% of PLHIV, only 40% of pharmacists declare it to be systematically offered. It was offered to 120/694 (17%) PLHIV and 96 (80%) accepted it. Currently, 78 (7%) PLHIV feel well taken care of because they are offered medication interviews, 343/1078 (32%) would like to take advantage of this program, mainly those with a shorter ARV duration (OR ARV duration 0.97 [0.95‐0.99]), a VL less often undetectable (OR undetectable VL 0.55 [0.31‐0.98]), and those who feel anxious more often (OR anxious 2.38 [1.48‐3.84]). These results suggest that better implementation of medication files and interviews will strengthen current clinical pathways.
Pharmacological hypothesis: TPC2 antagonist tetrandrine as a potential therapeutic agent for COVID‐19
Authors: Heister Paula M. , Poston Robin N. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMore than ten million patients worldwide have been diagnosed with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) to date (WHO situation report, 1st July 2020). There is no vaccine to prevent infection with the causative organism, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), nor a cure. In the struggle to devise potentially useful therapeutics in record time, the repurposing of existing compounds is a key route of action. In this hypothesis paper, we argue that the bisbenzylisoquinoline and calcium channel blocker tetrandrine, originally extracted from the plant Stephania tetrandra and utilized in traditional Chinese medicine, may have potential in the treatment of COVID‐19 and should be further investigated. We collate and review evidence for tetrandrine's putative mechanism of action in viral infection, specifically its recently discovered antagonism of the two‐pore channel 2 (TPC2). While tetrandrine's particular history of use provides a very limited pharmacological dataset, there is a suggestion from the available evidence that it could be effective at doses used in clinical practice. We suggest that further research to investigate this possibility should be conducted.
GLM profile monitoring using robust estimators
Authors: Moheghi Hamid Reza , Noorossana Rassoul , Ahmadi Orod 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIt is well known that performance of control scheme in phase II of statistical process control depends on the estimators utilized in phase I. Sometimes, outliers may be present in the data, which could seriously impact the performance of the estimators. In some practical situations, generalized linear models (GLMs) are used to model a wide class of response variables. This study deals with the robust estimation and monitoring of parameters in GLM profiles in the presence of outliers. In this study, robust estimators are used to estimate the parameters of logistic and Poisson profiles. The results are compared with the maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs). In a numerical example, the profile parameters are estimated by the MLE and robust estimators and the resulting test statistics are monitored by a control scheme. The phase II control charts are determined based on these two types of estimators and compared for different out‐of‐control conditions. The simulation results confirm that robust estimators in most cases lead to better estimates in comparison with the MLE estimator in terms of average run length criterion.
Iterative learning control for one‐sided Lipschitz nonlinear singular conformable differential equations
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Wang JinRong 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article contributes to a detailed convergence analysis of iterative learning control for singular conformable differential equations with one‐sided Lipschitz nonlinearity. In order to track the desired reference trajectory in a finite time interval, a closed‐loop D‐type learning update law is proposed for such nonlinear systems. Here, the strict convergence analysis is derived under the condition of identical initial state. A numerical example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
Distributed proximal‐gradient algorithms for nonsmooth convex optimization of second‐order multiagent systems
Authors: Wang Qing , Chen Jie , Zeng Xianlin , Xin Bin 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article studies the distributed nonsmooth convex optimization problems for second‐order multiagent systems. The objective function is the summation of local cost functions which are convex but nonsmooth. Each agent only knows its local cost function, local constraint set, and neighbor information. By virtue of proximal operator and Lagrangian methods, novel continuous‐time distributed proximal‐gradient algorithms with derivative feedback are proposed to solve the nonsmooth convex optimization for the consensus and resource allocation of multiagent systems, respectively. With the proposed algorithms, both the consensus and resource allocation problems are solved. Moreover, the system can converge to the optimal solution. Finally, simulation examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
Ground‐to‐GEO optical feeder links for very high throughput satellite networks: Accent on diversity techniques
Authors: Mengali Alberto , Kourogiorgas Charilaos I. , Lyras Nikolaos K. , Shankar Mysore Rama Rao Bhavani , Kayhan Farbod , Panagopoulos Athanasios D. , Bäumer Thomas , Liolis Konstantinos 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis paper studies the use of optical feeder links in very high throughput satellites (VHTS) networks with emphasis on gateway diversity techniques to mitigate the inherent propagation losses in optical frequencies. Focusing on a GEO scenario, the paper considers a system‐wide approach investigating various challenges of optical feeder links. These include transmission schemes amenable for transparent on‐board processing, optical channel models taking into account blockage by clouds and fading caused by atmospheric turbulence in addition to complexity of on‐board and on‐ground processing. The channel models are then used to dimension the ground segment towards ensuring a given availability percentage (e.g., 99.9%). The channel model and payload complexity further influence the choice of link layer techniques used for counteracting fading due to atmospheric turbulence in the absence of blockage. An elaborate end‐to‐end simulator incorporating the proposed channel models capturing the nuances of various processing blocks like optical‐electrical conversion is developed. The system performance results provide interesting insights and a framework for assessing the feasibility and advantages of optical feeder links in VHTS systems.
Incorporating Harvesters’ Knowledge into an Index of Abundance for Atlantic Halibut in the Northwest Atlantic
Authors: Hansell Alexander C. , DeCelles Gregory R. , Kersula Michael E. , Cadrin Steven X. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent stock assessments of Atlantic Halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus in the United States have been unable to determine stock status. Although there are several fishery‐independent surveys available in the region, few Atlantic Halibut are typically encountered, the survey indices are highly variable, and a reliable index of abundance is not available for this stock. In the absence of reliable fishery‐independent surveys, standardized CPUE time series from the fishery can be used as an index of abundance. Incorporating harvesters’ knowledge into the CPUE standardization process can be beneficial because harvesters are knowledgeable about their fishery and target species and can provide valuable information on factors affecting catch rates and patterns in catch rates. In this study, we interviewed Atlantic Halibut harvesters in Maine to determine which covariates influence catch rates and we incorporated those covariates as predictor variables in the CPUE standardization of logbook data (2002–2017) from Maine’s state Atlantic Halibut fishery. Harvesters identified covariates (fishing location and an interaction of depth and month) that significantly influenced Atlantic Halibut catchability. The standardized time series showed a stable or slightly increasing trend in Atlantic Halibut catch rates, which was consistent with most harvesters’ perspectives. The results from this study highlight the value of collaborative research and provide information for management as a relatively empirical indicator of abundance.
Recent Advances in Synthesis of Chiral Thioethers
Authors: Chen Hongyi , Jiang Wenlong , Zeng Qingle 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChiral thioethers is an important class of organosulfur molecules with extensive applications, especially in the field of medicine and organic synthesis. This review discusses the recent progress of synthesis of enantioenriched chiral thioethers and hopes to be helpful for related research in the future. It is summarized from organosulfur compounds‐participating organic reaction types, including nucleophilic substitution, cross coupling, sulfa‐Michael addition, sulfenylation, asymmetric allylic reaction, asymmetric Doyle‐Kirmse reaction, Pummerer‐type rearrangement, Smiles rearrangement,[2,3] Stevens and Sommelet‐Hauser rearrangement.