bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN REFORMASI MANAJEMEN GURU DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI POLITIK
Authors: Haris Rillia Aisyah 
Published: January 2020

Reformasi kebijakan manajemen guru ditujukan sebagai langkah konkrit dalam peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia. Dikeluarkannya Undang-Undang No.14 Tahun 2005 harusnya menjadi momentum dan komitmen terhadap reformasi manajemen guru di Indonesia. Namun demikian, pada realitanya manajemen guru di Indonesia masih menyimpan segudang masalah khususnya yang berhubungan dengan ekonomi politik. Analisa kebijakan reformasi manajemen guru dalam perspektif ekonomi politik dibutuhkan sebagai bahan pertimbangan agar nantinya dapat merumuskan secara sistematis solusi yang dapat direkomendasikan. Beberapa upaya yang harus dilakukan untuk mensukseskan reformasi manajemen guru di Indonesia adalah antara lain dengan: 1) Mengubah paradigma masyarakat bahwa profesi guru bukan profesi sembarangan yang bisa dilakukan oleh semua orang. Profesi guru membutuhkan kualifikasi khusus; 2) Menetapkan peraturan tentang kualifikasi dan rekruitmen guru berdasarkan kompetensi; 3) Menentukan arah kebijakan pendidikan yang jelas berdasarkan learning outcome, sehingga dapat mencetak generasi terpelajar yang siap kerja dan ahli dibidangnya; 4) Menjamin kesejahteraan guru, gaji, kompensasi dan tunjangan yang diterima guru mampu mencukupi kebutuhan guru sehingga mereka dapat fokus dan benar-benar profesional dibidangnya, tidak lagi mencari pekerjaan sampingan untuk tambahan penghasilan; 5) Menetapkan reward dan punishment yang jelas terhadap prestasi dan peningkatan kompetensi maupun kualitas guru.
Full-Color III-Nitride Nanowire Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Velpula Ravi Teja , Jain Barsha , Bui Ha Quoc Thang , Nguyen Hieu Pham Trung 
Published: January 2020

III-nitride nanowire-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been intensively studied as promising candidates for future lighting technologies. Compared to conventional GaN-based planar LEDs, III-nitride nanowire LEDs exhibit numerous advantages including greatly reduced dislocation densities, polarization fields, and quantum-conned Stark effect due to the effective lateral stress relaxation, promising high-efficiency full-color LEDs. Beside these advantages, however, several issues have been identified as the limiting factors for further enhancing the nanowire LED quantum efficiency and light output power. Some of the most probable causes have been identified as due to the lack of carrier confinement in the active region, non-uniform carrier distribution, electron overflow, and the nonradiative recombination along the nanowire lateral surfaces. Moreover, the presence of large surface states and defects contribute significantly to the carrier loss in nanowire LEDs. Consequently, reported nanowire LEDs show relatively low output power. Recently, III-nitride core-shell nanowire LED structures have been reported as the most efficient nanowire white LEDs with a record-high output power which is more than 500 times stronger than that of nanowire white LEDs without using core-shell structure. In this context, we will review the current status, challenges, and approaches for the high-performance IIInitride nanowire LEDs. More specifically, we will describe the current methods for the fabrication of nanowire structures including top-down and bottom-up approaches, followed by characteristics of III-nitride nanowire LEDs. We will then discuss the carrier dynamics and loss mechanism in nanowire LEDs. The typical designs for the enhanced performance of III-nitride nanowire LEDs will be presented next. The color-tunable nanowire LEDs with emission wavelengths in the visible spectrum and phosphor-free nanowire white LEDs will be finally discussed.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
Faktor Risiko Kanker Paru pada Perempuan yang Dirawat di Bagian Paru RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dan RSUD Solok: Penelitian Case Control
Authors: Ernawati Yati , Ermayanti Sabrina , Herman Deddy , Russilawati Russilawati 
Published: January 2020

Kejadian kangker paru pada perempuan meningkat setiap tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian kanker paru pada perempuan yang dirawat di Bagian Paru RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dan RSUD Solok. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian case control pada 23 orang perempuan dengan kanker paru sebagai kasus dan 46 orang perempuan bukan kanker paru sebagai kontrol yang dilakukan di Bagian Paru RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dan RSUD Solok selama tahun 2018. Sampel diambil secara nonprobabilitas dengan teknik konsekutif. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna karakteristik antara kelompok kasus dan kontrol. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara paparan asap rokok dari orang tua dengan kejadian kanker paru pada perempuan (OR= 13,46 CI95% 4,04-44,82; p=0,0001). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna merokok (OR=2,05 CI95% 0,12-34,26; p=1,000), paparan asap rokok suami (OR=2,97 CI95% 1,03-8,60; p=0,074), paparan asap rokok di tempat kerja (OR=2,10 CI95% 0,28-15,92; p=0,596), paparan asap biomass (OR=1,22 CI95% 0,42-3,57; p=0,928), riwayat keganasan dalam keluarga (OR=4,29 CI95% 0,37-49,95; p=0,256) dan riwayat TB (OR=0,25 CI95%; p=0,253) dengan kejadian kanker paru pada perempuan. Dapat disimpulkan, paparan asap rokok orang tua adalah faktor risiko utama untuk terjadinya kaker paru pada perempuan.
Fifth stage pharmacy students’ knowledge and perceptions about generic medicines
Authors: Dheyaa J. Kadhim  , Fajir I. Ahmed  , Ronak A. Hussein  
Published: January 2020

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the knowledge and perception of the fifth stage pharmacy students (college of pharmacy/ University of Baghdad /Iraq) regarding generic medicines. This study is a cross-sectional study carried in a college of pharmacy /University of Baghdad during the period from (November 2018- March 2019). The number of students included in the current study was 168 undergraduate stager pharmacists. A questionnaire was used to collect data of the study. Nearly 86% of the students said that they had heard of generic and brand medicines, and pharmacy was the main source of knowledge regarding generic medicines (66.7%). About (33.3%) of the respondents agreed that generic medicines are bioequivalent to brand medicine. However, (38.1%) perceived generic medicines might not be the therapeutic equivalent of brand medicines. In addition, (35.1%) of the respondents believed that generics are lower in quality, which is why they are cheap and produce more side effects. Moreover, (41.1%) of the sample agreed that generic medicines should be avoided in life-threating situations. About (56.5 %) of the students were found to have a poor level of perception regarding the use of generic medicines. The majority of the fifth stage pharmacy students (college of pharmacy/ University of Baghdad /Iraq) were found to have a good knowledge but a poor level of perception about the use of generic medicines.
Green coffee bean seed and their role in antioxidant–A review
Authors: Bothiraj K V  , Murugan  , Vanitha V  
Published: January 2020

All around the world, Coffee place an important position in the beverages. It contains phenolic acid as well as polyphenols. It has the property of antioxidant; mood enhances mood, and also increases alertness, reduces weight, efficiency against hypertension, and antitumor property because of its polyphenols and phenolic constituents. Chlorogenic acids (CGA) are the main components found in the fraction of phenols from green coffee beans. CGA has several therapeutic properties, which include antioxidant activities and also has hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and antiviral properties. Several essential compounds found in CGA in green coffee beans are caffeoylquinic acids, caffeoylquinic acids, feruloyl quinic acids, p-coumaroylquinic acids, and quinic acid. Therefore, this review highlighted the health benefits and anticancer activities of Green coffee bean.
Midiendo la calidad del cuidado de enfermería basado en la evidencia: NQuIRE - Sistema de Indicadores de Calidad en Enfermería para reportar y evaluar
Authors: Grinspun Doris , Lloyd Monique , Xiao Sarah , Bajnok Irmajean 
Published: January 2020

Introducción: El sistema de indicadores de calidad en enfermería para reportar y evaluar (NQuIRE) es una iniciativa internacional de mejoramiento de la calidad para desarrollar y sostener un sistema de datos de indicadores de calidad de enfermería derivados de las recomendaciones de guías de buenas prácticas basadas en la evidencia de la Asociación de Enfermeras Profesionales de Ontario. Objetivo: El propósito de este artículo es ofrecer un panorama de la base de datos de indicadores dentro del contexto del programa de guías de buenas prácticas de enfermería de la Asociación de Enfermeras Profesionales de Ontario y el programa de centros comprometidos con la Excelencia en Cuidados. Futuras directrices para el mejoramiento técnico, desarrollo e investigación de los indicadores de calidad en la base de datos también serán discutidos. Desarrollo del tema: El Sistema de Indicadores de Calidad en Enfermería para Reportar y Evaluar consta de una base de datos, un diccionario de datos que incluye un conjunto de indicadores estructurales a nivel de la organización, además de un conjunto de indicadores de procesos y resultados para cada guía de mejores prácticas, y procesos de recopilación y reporte de datos. Conclusiones: El sistema de datos recopila, analiza e informa los datos sobre indicadores de calidad presentados por las organizaciones académicas y de servicio de atención médica que participan en el programa de designación como Centro Comprometido con la Excelencia en Cuidados de la Organización de Enfermeras Profesionales de Ontario.[Grinspun D, Lloyd M, Xiao S, Bajnok I. Midiendo la calidad del cuidado de Enfermería basado en la evidencia: NQuIRE – Sistema de Indicadores de Calidad en Enfermería para reportar y evaluar. MedUNAB 2015; 17(3): 170-175].
Developing a Fire Risk Assessment Framework for Building Construction Sites
Authors: Yeung John F. Y. , Chan Daniel W.M. 
Published: January 2020

Amongst all types of construction accidents, industrial practitioners tend to pay less attention to the prevention of fires at construction sites. Although fires may not occur frequently on construction sites, statistics show that when they do, the consequences are very serious; involving fatalities, injuries, serious project delays and financial loss. There are many reasons why fires occur on sites, but a simple lack of awareness of the risks of fire is a major contributor. Fire risk assessment is not commonly performed on sites. Hence, it is believed that an appropriate assessment method for evaluating potential fire risk is required in order to improve the awareness of fire risk on construction sites. This paper reports on the key findings of a research project which aims to develop a comprehensive, objective, reliable, and practical fire risk assessment framework for building construction sites based in Hong Kong. A comprehensive list of those factors (or conditions) which may constitute a fire risk was compiled using desktop research and structured face-to-face interviews with experienced site personnel. This list of factors was then used to develop a questionnaire survey form and the Reliability Interval Method (RIM) was used to analyse the survey results and determine the relative importance and rankings of the various fire risk factors at a broad level and risk sub-factors at a detailed level. It was found that the fire risk factor of “Fire Services Equipment and Installations” has the greatest impact on construction site fire safety, with “Means of Escape in Case of Fire” being the second, and “Attitude of Main Contractor towards Fire Safety” being the third. In fact, it is the main contractor who plays the pivotal role in maintaining construction site fire safety, which is in line with the high ranking given to the fire risk factor of “Attitude of Main Contractor towards Fire Safety”. The proposed fire risk assessment framework can be used to develop a useful checklist for assessing the overall level of fire risk for a construction site, and to identify any areas needing improvement. Although the fire risk assessment framework was developed locally in Hong Kong, the research methodology could be replicated in other countries to produce similar frameworks for international comparison. Such an extension would aid the understanding of the management of fire risk on construction sites and help discover differences between countries.
Study the influence of Solvothermal Conditions Changing On UiO-66
Authors: Aalrubaye Rana , Abdulraheem Ibtehaj Faisal , Ahmed Shaymaa ABDUlRAHEEM 
Published: January 2020

Metal Organic framework UiO-66 considered to have significant physicochemical characteristics with great potential for various applications. Nevertheless obtaining high porous prosperities by optimization the synthesizing method remained challenge. In this study, a solvothermal method has been used to synthesis the UiO-66 with different synthesis time (12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours) and different heated (80, 100, 120, and 140 °C). By changing the temperature up to 140 and synthesis time 24 h the main peak intensity increased. The XRD and SEM analysis showed that by increasing the synthesis temperature the degree of crystallinity increased and cubic shape crystals was obtained. The XRD characterization analysis for UiO-66 showed the white powdered obtained at 12 h reaction time and 140 °C synthesis temperatures was the highest XRD intensity at 7.3°, 8.4°, 25.6° and 30.6° 2Theta. When changing the synthesis time for 48 h or longer, XRD diffractograms revealed phase change and that the intensity at 7.3° 2Theta was lower than the intensity at 8.5° 2Theta, with new peaks appeared. SEM analysis confirmed the phase change after synthesis time 48h, by changing the crystals square clusters shape to the needle-like shape.
اثر استخدام طابعة ثلاثية الابعاد في تنفيذ تصاميم النحت الفخاري
Authors: حمود تويج م. د. علي 
Published: January 2020

يواجه التعليم موجة من التحديات ومن تلك التحديات التطور التكنولوجي والذي قد يتسبب في وجود فجوات في المؤسسات التعليمية تتطلب منها القيام بالعديد من البرامج التطويرية منها على سبيل المثال برامج الفن الرقمي لذا تناولت هذه الدراسة عرضا لمشكلة البحث " ما هو اثر استخدام طابعة ثلاثية الابعاد في تنفيذ تصاميم النحت الفخاري" وتهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تعرف الطباعة ثلاثية الابعاد والاستفادة منها, وشرح للكلمات المفتاحية. كما تضمن البحث شرحا للطباعة ثلاثية الابعاد وبرامج النحت ثلاثي الابعاد.
تكون مجتمع الدراسة من طلاب المرحلة الثالثة للدراستين الصباحية والمسائية في قسم التربية الفنية في كلية التربية اما عينة الدراسة فهي طلاب الدراسة الصباحية والبالغ عددهم(22) طالب ، وقد استخدم الباحثين المنهج التجريبي ،كما تم تطوير استبيان كأداة لجمع البيانات من مجتمع الدراسة.
ومن اهم نتائج الدراسة , ان الطابعة ثلاثية الأبعاد تساعد من خلال قدراتها التكنولوجية على تنفيذ الافكار التي تبدو للوهلة الاولى خيالية وغير واقعية لكونها تتعامل مع جزيئات صغيرة لا ترى بالعين المجردة, اما بالنسبة للطلاب محدودي الامكانيات الفنية, فقد اظهرت النتائج قدرتهم على النحت الرقمي بسهولة ويسر نتيجة لقدرتهم على استيعاب البرنامج, كما ان اغلب النماذج التي قام بعملها الطلاب استغرقت وقتا لم يتجاوز بضع دقائق.
ومن اهم الاستنتاجات التي توصل لها الباحثين ان تطبيق تقنية الطابعة ثلاثية الابعاد في تدريس مادة النحت يضفي امكانية للطالب يستطيع توظيفها في مجالات وتطبيقات اخرى مثل عمل موديلات المسارح والاشغال اليدوية وعناصر الفن والتشريح .
ومن اهم التوصيات التي توصل لها الباحثين تدعو للإهتمام بإلتقنيات الحديثة ومنها برامج التصميم والنحت والرسم الرقمي في التعليم الفني والتي ترمي إلى تنمية القدرات العقلية والمهارية عند الطلبة وتجعلهم محور العملية التعليمية.
ومن اهم المقترحات التي توصل لها الباحثين, دراسة أثر تقنية الطابعة ثلاثية الابعاد على مواد دراسية أخرى, كالخزف والجداريات والاشغال اليدوية, ثم اعقبها الملاحق ومصادر البحث.
Screening of Potent Arsenic Resistant and Plant Growth Promoting Bacillus species from the Soil of Terai Region of Nepal
Authors: Poudel Pramod , Nepal Ashish , Magar Rashmi Roka , Rauniyar Pratibha , Magar Lil Buda 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To isolate arsenic resistant Bacillus spp. and to determine plant growth promoting activities.
Methods: Eighteen soil samples were collected from the agricultural soil of Terai region of Nepal. Selective isolation of Bacillus species was done by heating the soil at 80 ºC for 15 minutes before the isolation. Nutrient agar was used as an isolation medium. Screening of arsenic resistant Bacillus species was done using nutrient agar supplemented with 100 ppm sodium arsenate and sodium arsenite. For plant growth promoting activity; IAA production was detected taking 0.1% tryptophane and measuring absorbance at 540 nm, NH3 production was tested by Nessler’s reagent and phosphate solubilization activity was detected by growing colonies on Pikovskaya’s agar. Sugar assimilation test was performed to identify the isolates. Most potent arsenic resistant isolate was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Results: Among 54 randomly selected isolates, 42 were found to be Gram-positive rod-shaped, spore-forming while 12 isolates were Gram-negative bacteria. The isolates IN12a, M12a and BG34a showed growth on 100 ppm sodium arsenite containing NA. Only isolate M12a tolerated up to 1000 ppm and 15000 ppm of sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate respectively, while other isolates could not grow above 400 ppm sodium arsenite. The isolates IN12a and M12a were able to produce IAA and solubilize phosphate while BG34a could not. Both the isolates IN12a and M12a were able to utilize the sugars glucose, fructose, lactose, sucrose, galactose, mannose, mannitol, maltose and xylose. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, isolate M12a was identified to be Bacillus flexus with highest similarity of 99.2%.
Conclusion: Arsenic resistant and plant growth promoting Bacillus spp. was isolated from the agricultural soil of Terai region of Nepal
Antibacterial Property of Extract of Erveniastrum nepalense (Edible Lichen) Collected from Hilly Regions of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Yonghang Saraswati , Rai Suman , Sah Shiv Nandan 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To evaluate the antibacterial property of Everniastrum nepalense(edible lichen)collected from eastern part of Nepal and determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of lichen extract.
Methods: Everniastrum nepalense was collected from local Rai and Limbu community in a plastic bag from four hilly districts (Pachthar, Taplejung, Dhankuta and Bhojpur) of Eastern, NepaMoisture content in lichen samples were removed by air drying and grinded to powdery form. The methanolic extracts of lichens of different places were prepared by solvent extraction process using Soxhlet apparatus and tested against human pathogenic bacteria by disc diffusion method. Then, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of lichen extracts was determined using well diffusion method.
Results: The lichens extract against the test bacterial isolates were performed by agar well diffusion method. Overall, it was observed that all these lichen extracts from Eastern Nepal had inhibitory effect on both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Out of seven bacterial samples used, all bacterial samples were inhibited by the lichen extracts except Escherichia coli. The effect of lichen extract collected from Bhojpur district had maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi and Klebsiella spp were found to be 13 mm, 14 mm and 14 mm respectively. Similarly, zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis was found to be 17 mm from samples of Dhankuta, which was highest value than other 3 districts viz; Bhojpur, Taplejung and Pachthar District. Likewise, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed highest inhibition value i.e. 18 mm on Pachthar sample whereas, Shigella showed 15 mm on Dhankuta sample. This study revealed that inhibitory capacity of edible lichen (Everniastrum nepalense) against test bacteria was not the same. It varied from place to place.
Conclusion: This study has concluded that Everniastrum nepalensehas potential antibacterial property against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Klebsiella spp and Pseudomonas aeruginosa except E. coli along with nutritional value and can be used as safe alternative and economic herbal medicine to treat infectious diseases.
Production of Garbage Enzyme from Different Fruit and Vegetable Wastes and Evaluation of its Enzymatic and Antimicrobial Efficacy
Authors: Neupane Karuna , Khadka Rama 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: To evaluate the enzymatic and antimicrobial efficacy of enzyme from garbage produced from different fruits and vegetable wastes.
Methods: This study was conducted from October-2018 to February-2019 in the laboratory of Padma Kanya Multiple College, Bagbazar, Kathmandu, Nepal. This study was carried for production, analysis of enzymatic and antimicrobial efficacy by using yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae) and bacteria (Bacillus species) in 5 fruits peels, Mosambi (Citrus limetta), Pomegranate (Punica granatum), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Papaya (Carica papaya) and mixed fruits collected from fresh fruit stall and vegetable peels collected from college’s hostel. The fermentation mixture was made in the ratio 1:3:10 (1 part brown sugar, 3 parts fruits/vegetable peels and 10 parts water) and left for 3 months for fermentation.
Results: After fermentation, enzyme activity (amylase, protease, caseinase, cellulase and lipase) and antimicrobial efficacy (S. aureus, S. aureus (ATCC 25923), Bacillus spp, Salmonella Typhi, E. coli, E. coli (ATCC 25922), Shigella spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were analyzed. All the samples showed amylase and caseinase enzyme activity, only Pineapple (Ananascomosus), Papaya (Carica papaya) and Mixed fruit showed protease enzyme activity while only Pomegranate (Punicagranatum) showed lipase enzyme activity. In antimicrobial efficacy test, garbage enzyme produced from vegetable sample didn’t show antimicrobial activity with bacteria used except E. coli (ATCC 25922)and S. aureus (ATCC 25923). Similarly, garbage enzyme produced from Mixed fruit and Papaya (Carica papaya) didn’t show antimicrobial activity with Salmonella Typhi and S. aureus (ATCC 25923) respectively but garbage enzyme from other wastes showed antimicrobial activity with bacteria used in test.
Conclusion: Different fruits and vegetables wastes showed different enzyme activity and antimicrobial activity.