bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEBISINGAN LINGKUNGAN DI KELURAHAN PAHANDUT KECAMATAN PAHANDUT KOTA PALANGKA RAYA KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Azhari Muh , Lesmana Rudy Yoga 
Published: February 2020

Permasalahan lingkungan dari usaha kegiatan manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, seperti sandang, pangan, papan dan transportasi harus dilakukan penanganan dengan baik. Misalnya seperti pengaruh kegiatan transportasi udara terhadap kondisi kualitas lingkungan setempat seperti kegiatan di Bandara Cilik Riwut Kelurahan Pahandut, Kecamatan Pahandut, Kota Palangka Raya Kalimantan Tengah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis data instrumen seperti Sound Level Meter Instrument, Anemometer, GPS, Flight Radar, Google Maps Application & WECPNL Instrument (Weighted Equivalent Continuous Perceived Noise Level) dan pengambilan data dilakukan selama tiga hari sesuai dengan kedatangan dan keberangkatan pesawat. Hasil penelitian dengan analisis WECPNL menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kebisingan di hari ke 2 lebih besar dibandingkan hari ke 3 dan hari ke 3 lebih besar dari hari ke 1 (87,2 > 82,2 > 75,9) dengan nilai rata-rata WECPNL sebesar 81,7. Kebisingan di bandara Cilik Riwut di Kota Palangka Raya Kalimantan Tengah termasuk kebisingan regional tingkat II dan III. Kegiatan yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalisir Risiko kebisingan tersebut yaitu dengan melakukan kegiatan rekayasa keteknikan dan menanam vegetasi yang berfungsi mengurangi kebisingan Kata kunci: Bandara, Kebisingan, Lingkungan. The environmental problems of the efforts of human activities to meet the needs of life, such as clothing, food, housing and transportation must be handled properly. For example, such as the influence of air transportation activities on local environmental quality conditions such as activities at Cilik Riwut Airport, Pahandut Village, Pahandut District, Palangka Raya City, Central of Kalimantan. The research method used is a qualitative method with data analysis instruments such as Sound Level Meter Instrument, Anemometer, GPS, Flight Radar, Google Maps Application and WECPNL Instrument (Weighted Equivalent Continuous Percepived Noise) and data collection is carried out for three days in accordance with the arrival and departure of the aircraft. Results of research with WECPNL analysis show that the noise level on the second day is greater than the third day and the third day is greater than the first day (87,2 > 82,2 > 75,9) with score average value is 81,7. Noise at Cilik Riwut airport in Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan including regional level II and III noise. activities that can be carried out are carrying out engineering activities and planting vegetation which have the function of reducing noise. Keyword: Airport, Environmental, Noice.
SPE Strong: Strengthening Our Core: Strengthening Knowledge Transfer in Unconventional Resources
Authors: Noonan Shauna 
Published: February 2020

President's column
To collect, disseminate, and exchange technical knowledge—are the first seven words of SPE’s mission statement. These are the three fundamental objectives of our Society. We proactively seek out the technical knowledge that not only our members need, but that the industry requires to meet the world’s demand for oil and gas.
Collecting this information can be challenging, especially if those who have it are not willing or able to share it. This proved especially challenging in the area of unconventional shales when SPE began to hold conferences on the subject nearly a decade ago. At that time, papers authored by knowledgeable operators were few and far between. The rationale adopted by many operators was that any technical information about their company’s shale assets was confidential, and by withholding it, they could gain a small competitive advantage. This was also problematic for academia trying to solve the complex problems of unconventional reservoirs. Access to data was minimal unless university projects were directly funded by an operator to conduct research. Even if academics received relevant data and funding, most were then restricted from publishing their research by the operator.
Today the collection of available data and findings from oil and gas shales is much improved. Recently, ConocoPhillips donated a cleaned and anonymized data set that comprises internal drilling, completions, and other well data from US unconventional reservoir plays to The University of Texas at Austin. This data donation allows UT professors to formulate real-world data analytics problems for their student teams to solve. Greg Leveille, chief technology officer at ConocoPhillips, explains, “The oil and natural gas industry is increasingly utilizing leading-edge data science techniques to find, develop, and produce hydrocarbon resources more effectively. ConocoPhillips believes it is important to support universities’ efforts to build programs to teach petroleum engineering students the foundational data science skills they’ll need to maximize their contributions to the E&P industry after they graduate.” Greg’s attitude toward sharing our unconventional data sets with universities is another excellent step in the right direction and one that I hope will expand to additional operators and academic institutions. Within SPE, the ways that we disseminate and exchange information are also much better than they were 10 years ago, but are they good enough? Should we, as a society, be doing more with the knowledge transfer of the unconventional shales?
The map shows the discovered unconventional oil and gas basins around the world. Each one has its own unique geological, technical, and economic challenges to future exploitation.
While JPT provides informative articles on numerous basins, there are a few regions where SPE is planning events focused on additional knowledge transfer in unconventionals.
Hydraulic Losses - How to Determine - How to Use
Authors: Brown Robert Wade , Whitfield Marion A. 
Published: February 2020

Permian Basin Oil Recovery Conference, 7–8 May, Midland, Texas

Abstract
The factors which affect the treatment cost of an oil or gas well are numerous. These factors, hydraulic hp, treating fluid, well equipment, etc., may be determined and controlled prior to the treatment. An engineering design of a treatment can reduce costs by properly using hydraulic hp, but unless the treatment is engineered properly too much or too little hp may be used.
Better wells will result if each productive zone is treated. Until recently, the treatment of each zone required expensive bridge plugs, packers or other special well equipment. Ball sealer treatments can be designed which will effectively stimulate each zone and reduce completion costs.

Introduction
There are many factors which must be considered when acidizing or fracturing an oil or gas well - what well conditions are optimum, which treating fluids should be used, what rate of injection is best, how much hydraulic hp should be used, etc. If these factors are not considered and controlled as accurately as possible, a poor well may result and completion costs may be higher than necessary.
The demand for increasing injection rates on oil and gas well treatments has necessitated the use of greater quantities of hydraulic hp. The utilization of increased hydraulic hp is usually accompanied by increased treatment costs. These increased treatment costs have resulted in a desire for more efficient treatment design — an optimum treatment with minimum hydraulic hp. A study was made to determine how unnecessary hp losses could be determined and eliminated. As a direct result of this investigation, well treatments are being engineered to produce maximum results for the lowest possible cost. It is the purpose of this paper to present the methods for engineering the hydraulic hp requirements for any given treatment.
Perforating of Multiple Tubingless Completions
Authors: Lebourg M.P. , Bell W.T. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 219, 1960, pages 88–93.

Abstract
The perforating of multiple tubingless completions, in which two or more strings of 2 7/8-in. OD casing are installed in the same borehole, presents two basic problems. First, good completion practices require an efficient perforator that leaves no debris to interfere with subsequent completion operations. Second, and of more complicated nature, a system is needed for controlling the direction of fire so that adjacent strings are not damaged.
Development of a 2-in. OD, steel, retrievably, shaped-charge gun has solved the first problem. The second was resolved through development of three different devices to provide directional perforating for the two types of completion methods being employed today. These include a mechanical orienting device and two self-orienting radiation devices.
Conceivably, the latter methods could be adapted to the directional perforating (of upper zones) of conventional dual and triple completions without removing production tubing and packers.

Introduction
The recent trend to multiple tubingless completions, wherein two or more strings of 2 7/8-in. OD casing are installed in the same borehole, has presented two basic perforating problems. The first problem to be overcome was the design of a gun that would result in efficient perforations without causing debris to bridge in these small-diameter casings. The second problem was, of course, to devise a system for controlling the direction of fire such that adjacent strings would not be damaged.
The problem of gun debris in slim-casing completions has been well defined in the numerous 2 7/8-in. single tubingless completions which have been effected during recent years with the expendable-type perforators. Failure of expendable-gun debris to settle out properly, even with good gun break-up, has resulted in bridging inside these small-diameter casings. This, in turn, has interfered with completion and re-conditioning operations.
Oil Recovery in Five-Spot Pilot Floods
Authors: Caudle B.H. , Locaric I.G. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 219, 1960, pages 132–136.

Abstract
TransPilot flooding is one method of evaluating a proposed secondary recovery project. However, the amount and rate of oil recovery from an unconfined pilot area is not usually the same as from an equal area in a large-scale flood. This is true because fluids are free to move across the boundary of a pilot area. The result is that some of the oil produced in a pilot flood may come from outside the designated area and some of the displaced oil may leave the pilot area completely. This paper presents the results of fluid-flow model studies on a five-spot pilot flood. Mobility ratios between 0.1 and 10 have been studied. The effects of changing the ratio of injection to withdrawal rates are shown.

Introduction
A small-scale field test, or pilot flood, is an accepted method for evaluating the applicability of a secondary recovery operation and the economic potential of that operation for a reservoir. The pilot flood is carried on in the same manner, with the same injected materials and at the same pressures as would be used were the secondary recovery program to be expanded to a larger area of the field or to the entire field. If the reservoir fluid and reservoir rock properties are the same in the pilot area as in the rest of the reservoir, the production, injection and other pertinent data associated with the pilot test will represent and measure what should be expected from a full-scale development of this secondary recovery program. There is one major exception which, unfortunately, has been overlooked by many and which has been awaiting quantitative definition. This is the sweep-out pattern the reservoir engineer must use in interpreting the pilot flood and in extrapolating it to the full-scale development. The sweep-out area in a pilot flood is not contained within the five-spot pattern. Further, there is oil flow into and/or out of the five-spot during a pilot test. Thus, production data from pilots must be interpreted with this different flow system and sweep pattern in mind.
Volumes of Liquid Hydrocarbons at High Temperatures and Pressures
Authors: Alani Ghalib H. , Kennedy Harvey T. 
Published: February 2020

Published in Petroleum Transactions, AIME, Volume 219, 1960, pages 288–292.

Abstract
One of the major difficulties in predicting the performance of oil reservoirs from their early pressure history lies in the uncertainty of estimating the volume of the liquid hydrocarbons contained in them. As a first step in filling this need, an equation was developed to determine the molal liquid volume of pure hydrocarbons over a wide range of temperature and pressure. The second step consisted of adapting the equation to apply to mixtures, with the heavy hydrocarbons expressed as C7+.
The equations are similar in form to van der Waals' equation, but the constants a and b are considered as functions of temperature. In addition to the gas constant R, there are four constants characteristic of each hydrocarbon.
When compared with experimental values found in the literature, the average absolute deviation in the calculated molal volumes is found to be a maximum of 0.33 per cent for any of the pure liquid hydrocarbons studied. This maximum deviation was that found when comparing the calculated and observed values over a temperature range of 86° to 482°F and a pressure range from the bubble-point to 10,000 psia.
The equations expressing the correlation for mixtures were developed from 647 experimental measurements of volume on 47 bottom-hole samples covering a temperature range of 72° to 250°F and a pressure range from bubble-point to 5,000 psig. The average absolute deviation was found to be 1.6 per cent with the maximum for any measurement of 4.9 per cent.

Introduction
Accurate information of the pressure-volume-temperature behavior of hydrocarbon liquids is of considerable importance in the field of both applied and theoretical science and, especially, in the solution of petroleum reservoir engineering problems. These PVT relationships can be expressed graphically, in tabular form or as equations of state.
A novel nomogram to predict the risk of anastomotic leakage in patients after oesophagectomy
Authors: Huang Chengya , Yao Haixia , Huang Qi , Lu Huijie , Xu Meiying , Wu Jingxiang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Anastomotic leakage is a dangerous postoperative complication of oesophageal surgery. The present study aimed to develop a simple and practical scoring system to predict the risk of anastomotic leakage after oesophageal resection.
Methods: A consecutive series of 330 patients who underwent oesophageal cancer surgery from January 2016 to January 2018 at the Shanghai Chest Hospital were included to develop a prediction model. Anastomotic leakage was evaluated using oesophagography, computed tomography, or flexible endoscopy. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression based on a generalized linear model was used to select variables for the anastomotic leakage risk model while avoiding overfitting. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to build forest plots and a prediction model. The concordance index or the area under the curve was used to judge the discrimination, and calibration plots verified the consistency. Internal validation of the model was conducted, and the clinical usefulness and threshold screening of the model were evaluated by decision curve analysis.
Results: The factors included in the predictive nomogram included Sex, diabetes history, anastomotic type, reconstruction route, smoking history, CRP level and presence of cardiac arrhythmia. The model displayed a discrimination performance with a concordance index of 0.690 (95% confidence interval: 0.620-0.760) and good calibration. A concordance index value of 0.664 was maintained during the internal validation. The calibration curve showed good agreement between the actual observations and the predicted results.
Conclusion: The present prediction model, which requires only seven variables and includes Sex, diabetes history, anastomotic type, reconstruction route, smoking history, CRP level and presence of cardiac arrhythmia, may be useful for predicting anastomotic leakage in patients after oesophagectomy.
C/EBP-β and SIRT1 regulate IL-18 expression in the proliferative phase endometrium of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Long Xiaoyu , Wang Honghao , Zhu Xiaohui , Li Rong , Yang Yan , Qiao Jie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background：Previous studies have shown that patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) tend to suffer from low-grade chronic inflammation. Besides, our previous studies have confirmed that IL-18 is highly expressed in the serum and endometrium of patients with PCOS. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying IL-18 elevation remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the signaling pathways that lead to the up-regulation of IL-18 in the endometrium of PCOS patients.
Materials and Methods: By using the TF-Search tool, we predicted that C/EBP-β might be a transcription factor of IL-18, and deacetylase SIRT1 might be involved in its regulation. Consequently, SIRT1 and C/EBP-β in proliferative endometrium of PCOS patients and control groups were analyzed using immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR and Western Blot; the diagnosis of PCOS was based on the 2003 Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM criteria. The interaction between C/EBP-β and IL-18 was verified by double luciferase assay.
Results: The gene and protein levels of SIRT1 and C/EBP-β in proliferative endometrium of PCOS patients were significantly higher compared to the control group. Immunohistochemical experiments confirmed that SIRT1 was mainly expressed in the endometrial nucleus, while C/EBP-β was mainly expressed in the endometrial nucleus and cytoplasm. The interaction between C/EBP-β and IL-18 was confirmed by double luciferase assay.
Conclusion: SIRT1 and C/EBP-β are highly expressed in the endometrium of PCOS patients, and may participate in the regulation of IL-18. These results further our understanding of the role of C/EBP-β in PCOS and may be used as a basis for the development of targeted therapies for this disease.
Antimicrobial resistance and novel mutations detected in the gyrA and parC genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from companion dogs
Authors: Park Youjin , Oh Jaeyoung , Park Sowon , Sum Samuth , Song Wonkeun , Chae Jongchan , Park Hee-Myung 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Fluoroquinolone agents, such as enrofloxacin and marbofloxacin, are commonly used in for pseudomonal infection in veterinary medicine. However, the rate of resistance rate to fluoroquinolone s is rapidly increasing , according to multiple studies in various countries. The p P oint mutation s in the quinolone resistance - determining region (QRDR) is are closely related to the increased fluoroquinolone resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The aim of this study was to investigate current antimicrobial susceptibility and fluoroquinolone resistance in P. aeruginosa strains isolated from dogs. The presence of the point mutations in the QRDR was confirmed by gyrA and parC polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing analysis. Results: A total of 84 nonduplicated P. aeruginosa strains were obtained from 228 healthy dogs (healthy group) and 260 dogs with clinical signs (infected group). From Of Among these isolates , 38 strains from the healthy group were detected in several sample type s, whereas 46 strains from the infected group were mostly obtained mostly from dogs’ ears with otitis externa (41/260, 15.8%). All strains were resistant to nalidixic acid, while some were also resistant to enrofloxacin (23/84, 27.4%), marbofloxacin (17/84, 20.2%), levofloxacin (12/84, 14.3%), or ciprofloxacin (11/84, 13.1%). Enrofloxacin resistance was significantly higher in strains from the infected group than in th ose at of from the healthy group ( p <0.05). Among the 23 fluoroquinolone-resistant strains, 8 and 4 different mutations were detected in the gyrA and parC genes, respectively. Mutations in gyrA were significantly common in the infected group ( p <0.05). Hotspots for the gyrA and parC mutations were Thr83 (34.8%, 8/23) and Pro116 (91.3%, 21/23), respectively. Double and triple mutations were also found in 5 of the strains. Conclusion: Novel mutations in the gyrA and parC genes were first found in P. aeruginosa isolated from companion dogs in South Korea. These findings suggest that it is important to alert encourage the prudent use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in canine pseudomona l s infection treatment.
Comparing Empathy in Medical Students of two Portuguese Medicine Schools
Authors: Santiago Luiz Miguel , Silva Inês Rosendo , Coutinho Mona Lisa , Maurício Kati , Neto Isabel , Simões José Augusto 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives

To evaluate differences in empathy between the Integrated Master’s degree in Medicine (MIM) students from the Faculty of Medicine - University of Coimbra (FMUC) and the Faculty of Health Sciences - University of Beira Interior (FCS-UBI).

Methodology

Cross-sectional observational study with the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy – students’ Portuguese version (JSPE – spv) to 1st, 3rd and 6th year students of the 2017/2018 academic year with descriptive and inferential statistical analysis (p<0.05).

Results

Size representative sample of 795 students. Higher total empathy score (TES) (p=0.008) and "Perspective taking" (p=0.001) in FCS-UBI were found. JSPE-TES was higher in FCS-UBI, 3rd year (p=0.038). Higher FCS-UBI "Perspective taking" in the 1st year (p=0.030) and 6th year (p=0.044), for "Compassionate care" in the 3rd (p=0.019) and for "Standing in the patient’s shoes" in the 1st year (p=0.018) and in FMUC for "Compassionate care" in the 1st year (p=0.037) and the "Standing in the patient’s shoes" in the 3rd year (p=0.002) were found. Higher levels of empathy were found in FCS-UBI female students, for JSPE-TES (p=0.045) and "Perspective taking" (p=0.001).

Conclusion

Higher e mpathy levels in FCS-UBI were found, with different results in the third year suggesting influence of the medical course teaching characteristics.