bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing students’ abstraction in learning common tangent lines of two circles based on cognitive styles
Authors: Sumekar Wirani , Nurhasanah Farida , Sutopo Sutopo 
Published: March 2020

[English]: This study was aimed to describe the abstraction process of students with different cognitive styles in learning common tangent lines of two circles using recognizing, building-with, and construction (RBC) model. This qualitative research collected data through questionnaires, written tests, and task-based interviews. Eight students with field-dependent and field-independent were involved as the subjects. The interview transcripts were analyzed and grouped into cognitive actions of the RBC model. Findings showed that to reach the stage of construction activities, field-dependent students tend to need guidance and more time in recognizing and constructing the concept of a common tangent of two circles using their prior knowledge. Meanwhile, field-independent students tend to directly recognize and construct the concept using their prior knowledge so that they successfully constructed the concept of common tangent lines of two circles. This study shows that (1) field-dependent students use their prior knowledge that relates to the concept of common tangent lines of two circles less than field-independent students who tend to be able to use most of their prior knowledge relevant to the concept of common tangent lines of two circles, and (2) students who has similar cognitive style may not show the same success in abstraction process.
Keywords: Abstraction, Circles, Common tangent line, Cognitive style, RBC Model
[Bahasa]: Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan abstraksi siswa SMP dengan gaya kognitif berbeda dalam mempelajari garis singgung pada dua lingkaran yang dianalisis menggunakan model RBC (Recognizing, Building-with, Construction). Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui angket, tes tertulis, dan wawancara berbasis tugas. Delapan siswa dengan gaya kognitif field-dependent dan field-independent dipilih sebagai subjek penelitian. Data penelitian dianalisis berdasarkan rekaman wawancara yang sudah ditranskrip dan dikelompokkan berdasarkan tindakan kognitif model RBC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa field-dependent cenderung memerlukan petunjuk dan waktu lebih lama untuk mengenali dan membangun konsep garis singgung pada dua lingkaran melalui pengetahuan terdahulu hingga sampai pada aktivitas konstruksi. Sementara siswa field-independent cenderung langsung mengenali dan membangun konsep garis singgung pada dua lingkaran melalui pengetahuan terdahulu sehingga berhasil mengkonstruksi konsep garis singgung pada dua lingkaran. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) siswa field-dependent lebih sedikit menggunakan pengetahuan terdahulu yang berkaitan dengan konsep garis singgung dua lingkaran daripada siswa field-independent yang cenderung dapat melihat sebagian besar pengetahuan lama yang relevan dengan konsep garis singgung dua lingkaran, (2) siswa dengan gaya kognitif yang sama belum tentu menunjukkan keberhasilan yang sama pada proses abstraksi.
Kata kunci: Abstraksi, Dua lingkaran, Garis singgung, Gaya kognitif, Model RBC
Connecting university mathematics and school mathematics to address Klein’s double discontinuity: A case of ring theory
Authors: Pramasdyahsari Agnita Siska , Setyawati Rina Dwi , Albab Irkham Ulil 
Published: March 2020

[English]: The article aims to reveal how pre-service mathematics teachers (PMTs) identify the connection between ring theory and the mathematics topics in secondary schools in Indonesia. The data was collected from the students' workgroup as a part of course assignments in ring theory course in 6th semester. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, the identified mathematical connections by the PMTs were analyzed through the concept-by-concept framework. The findings show that connection that PMTs made is categorized as concept-by-concept comparison through common features. They could elaborate on the connected topic explicitly at some points and connect the mathematical ideas from ring theory to the school mathematics topics even though they do not reveal all the existing connections. For mathematics educators who teach advanced algebra, the finding could be a reference for designing a course that enables PMTs to be more aware of the mathematical connections which will be beneficial for their future roles as mathematics teachers.
Keywords: Mathematical connections, Pre-service mathematics teachers, Ring theory, School mathematics
[Bahasa]: Artikel ini bertujuan mengungkap bagaimana calon guru matematika mengidentifikasi koneksi antara teori Ring dengan topik matematika sekolah di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan dari hasil kerja kelompok siswa sebagai bagian tugas mata kuliah teori Ring pada semester 6. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, koneksi matematika yang diidentifikasi oleh calon guru dianalisis menggunakan kerangka kerja konsep-dengan-konsep. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koneksi yang dihasilkan calon guru merupakan kategori perbandingan konsep-dengan-konsep yang masih bersifat umum. Calon guru bisa mengelaborasi beberapa koneksi topik matematika secara eksplisit dan menghubungkan ide matematika dari teori Ring terhadap topik matematika sekolah walaupun belum mengungkap semua koneksi yang ada. Untuk pendidik calon guru matematika yang mengajar aljabar lanjut, hasil penelitian ini bisa menjadi panduan untuk merancang (mata) kuliah yang memungkinkan calon guru lebih sadar terkait koneksi matematika yang akan memberikan manfaat untuk peran mereka sebagai guru matematika.
Kata kunci: Koneksi matematika, Calon guru matematika, Teori Ring, Matematika sekolah
Student’s thinking to identify concave plane based on Gregorc model
Authors: Krisdiantoro Surya Enjang , Prihatnani Erlina 
Published: March 2020

[English]: Mathematics learning should facilitate students' construction of knowledge. In constructing mathematics knowledge, students involve various types of thinking processes and styles. This qualitative research aimed to describe the process of students’ thinking in identifying concave plane based on Gregorc’s model of thinking style. It involved thirty-three 9th-grade students with a different style of thinking. Data were collected through tests, questionnaire, and non-structured interview then descriptively analyzed to reveal students’ thinking process and styles. The present study found two different thinking styles, namely Sequential Concrete and Random Abstract from students who successfully identified the concave plane as a kite. There were different thinking processes in the development of definition, opinion, and conclusions from subjects with different thinking styles. However, the difference in the thinking process from each thinking styles do not hamper students’ success in constructing knowledge.
Keywords: Thinking process, Concave place, Thinking style, Gregorc model
[Bahasa]: Pembelajaran matematika seharusnya memfasilitasi siswa membangun pengetahuan sendiri. Dalam membangun pengetahuan, siswa melibatkan beragam proses dan gaya berpikir. Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses berpikir siswa dalam mengidentifikasi bangun datar concave berdasarkan gaya berpikir model Gregorc. Subjek penelitian adalah 33 siswa kelas IX SMP yang memiliki gaya berpikir berbeda. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes, angket, dan wawancara non-terstruktur kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mengungkap gaya dan proses berpikir siswa. Penelitian ini menemukan dua gaya berpikir berbeda yaitu Sekuensial Konkret dan Acak Abstrak dari siswa yang berhasil mengidentifikasi bangun datar concave sebagai layang-layang. Terdapat perbedaan proses berpikir dalam pembentukan pengertian, pembentukan pendapat, dan penarikan kesimpulan dari siswa dengan gaya berpikir berbeda. Namun demikian, perbedaan gaya berpikir dari setiap proses berpikir tidak membatasi keberhasilan siswa dalam mengkonstruksi suatu pengetahuan.
Kata kunci: Proses berpikir, Gaya berpikir, Bangun concave, Model Gregorc
CORRELATION BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE WITH THE INCIDENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN THE ELDERLY
Authors: Sulam Munyati 
Published: March 2020

Background : Hypertension is the main risk factors of cardiovascular diseases that cause mortality. One of the risk factors of hypertension is obesity. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and waist circumference with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly. Methods: This study was observational analytic with cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was a partial of the elderly who participated in the elderly posyandu as many as 271 respondents. The sampling techniques is simple random sampling. Secondary data in the form of the results of the elderly health checkup at the elderly posyandu in the Puskesmas Sidotopo Wetan in 2018. Results: This study showed that of 271 respondents, there were 107 respondents found with hypertension (39.50%). The majority of hypertension was suffered by respondents with overweight nutritional status (46.70%), and waist circumference with the central obesity category (74.80%). Correlation found between nutritional status and the incidence of hypertension in the elderly (p=0.02<α=0.05). Prevalence Ratio of 1.32 means that elderly people with overweight nutritional status have the risk of 1.32 times greater to experience hypertension than elderly with underweight and normal nutritional status (p=0.02; PR=1.32). No correlation found between waist circumference and the incidence of hypertension (p=0.21). Conclusion: Nutritional status significantly associated with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly. However, waist circumference is not significantly associated with the incidence of hypertension.
Pengembangan Flashcard Dengan Augmented Reality Android Sebagai Sarana Informasi UMKM Kota Cirebon
Authors: Kurniawan Ahmad Rizqi , Kustandi Cecep , Imbar Kunto 
Published: March 2020

This research aims to development Flashcard and Augmented Reality based on Android can be integrated with each other. This development aims to provide information on the diversity of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises in the Cirebon City, to Indonesian people. Researcher develop this product using Integrated Learning Design Framework learning methods. Outlines of the theories using; Development theories, Augmented Reality theories, and Micro Small and Medium Enterprises theories. First stage is analysis, second stage is development, third stage is evaluation and implementation. Result from review experts get an average score 3.6 which means very good category. From users get an average score 3.73 for one to one trials which means in very good category, and score 3.62 for small group trials which means in very good category.
Clinical features of critically ill patients with COVID-19 infection in China
Authors: Hu Bo , Wang Dawei , Hu Chang , Hu Ming , Zhu Fangfang , Xiang Hui , Zhao Beilei , Zhang Xiaoyi , Kashani Kianoush B. , Peng Zhiyong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Importance: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections outbreak in China is now a global issue. There is only a limited understanding of the clinical characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections is available.Objective:To describe the characteristics, management strategies, and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.Design, Setting, and Patients: This is aretrospective, multi-center case series of 50 critically ill patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital in Wuhan, China, from January 8 to February 9, 2020.Exposures:Documented Corona Virus Disease, 2019 (COVID-19).Main Outcome Measures: Demographic, clinical, laboratory, imaging data were collected along with management strategies, complications and outcomes of enrolled individuals. Results Fifty critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections were enrolled. Their median age was 62 (range, 29-92) [IQR,49.5-69.0] years, 68% were male, and 28 (56%) patients had comorbidities, the most common being hypertension. In this cohort, 20(40%) patients survived ,16(32%) patients died, and the rest remained hospitalized. The invasive mechanical ventilator was used in 36(72%) patients with 15(30%) of them requiring prone positioning, and 17(34%) switched to ECMO. The compliance scores of lungs (Cstat)on the day of ICU admission among survivors were higher than those in non-survivors [42.0(18.0-47.0), vs. 19.5(14.0-24.2), p=0.038].The blood IL-6 levels and neutrophils counts at the first day of ICU admission were significantly higher in non-survivors compared to survivors [123.7(85.3-228.8), vs. 20.2(6.8-67.2) ng/ml, p=0.025 for IL-6, and 20.2(6.8-67.2) vs. 4.01(1.99-7.05) × 10⁹/L, p=0.02 for neutrophils counts].The heart rates, PaCO2, lung injury scale (LIS), and positive end-expiratory pressure levels were constantly higher for 10 days in non-survivors than those who survived (p<0.05). The frequency of vasopressor uses and neuromuscular blockers was higher in non-survivors from day 1 to day 10 compared to survivors (p<0.05). In the whole cohort, the most common complications were ARDS (97%), shock (44%), arrhythmia (38%), acute cardiac injury (26%), and acute kidney injury (22%). A secondary bacterial infection was noted in 17(34%) patients. Univariate analysis indicated that lower lung complianceand higher neutrophil counts at the day of ICU admission were related to higher mortality (p-0.03, and 0.04, respectively)ConclusionWe demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection-related critical illness predominantly affected old individuals with comorbidities and characterized by severe hypoxemic respiratory failure, often requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation and rescue therapies. Low lung compliance and persistently elevated PaCO2 indicated poor outcomes.
Bioinformatic analysis of epitope-based vaccine design against the novel SARS-COV-2
Authors: Chen Hongzhi , Wu Xiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: An outbreak of infection caused by SARS-COV-2 recently has brought great challenge to public health. Rapid identification of immune epitopes would be an efficient way to screen the candidates for vaccine development at the time of an impending pandemic. This study aimed to predict the protective epitopes with bioinformatic methods and resources for vaccine development. Methods: ABCpred and BepiPred servers were utilized for sequential B-cell epitope analysis. Discontinuous B-cell epitopes were predicted via DISCTOPE server. IEDB server was utilized for HLA-1 and HLA-2 binding peptides computation. Surface accessibility, antigenicity, and other important features of forcasted epitopes were characterized for immunogen potential evaluation.Results: A total of 63 sequential B-cell epitopes on spike protein were predicted and 3 peptides (333-338, 648-663, 1064-1079) exhibited high antigenicity score and good surface accessibility in our modeling. 8 residues within spike protein (Gly184, Gly502, Lys558, Pro561, Pro809, Ser810, Lys811, Pro812) are forcasted as components of discontinuous B-cell epitopes. The bioinformatic analysis of HLA binding peptides within nucleocapsid protein produced 81 and 64 peptides being able to bind class-I and class-II molecule respectively. The peptide (104-112) has a high immunogenicity score and was predicted to bind a wide spectrum of both HLA-1 and HLA-2 molecules. Conclusions: Linear B-cell epitopes (333-338, 648-663, 1064-1079) and discontinuous B-cell epitopes (Gly184, Gly502, Lys558, Pro561, Pro809, Ser810, Lys811, Pro812) on spike protein, T-cell epitope (104-112) within nucleocapsid protein were identified and recommended for developing vaccine against SARS-COV-2.
How miRNAs can protect humans from coronaviruses COVID-19, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV
Authors: Ivashchenko Anatoliy , Rakhmetullina Aizhan , Aisina Dana 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Viral diseases cause significant harm to human health and often cause high mortality. In the past twenty years, humanity has undergone infection by SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome), MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome) and COVID-19 coronaviruses, which spread from animals to humans and from person to person. These diseases have led to large economic losses. To fight coronaviruses and other viruses, it is proposed to use miRNAs, which regulate protein synthesis at the translational level. MirTarget program was used to determine the following binding characteristics: the locations of miRNA binding sites in the 3'UTR, 5'UTR, and CDS; the free energy interaction ∆G between miRNA and mRNA; the ΔG/ΔGm value, where ΔGm is equal to the free energy binding of miRNA with its full complementary nucleotide sequence; and the nucleotide interaction schemes between miRNAs and mRNAs. Out of 2565 miRNAs, miR-4778-3p, miR-6864-5p and miR-5197-3p were identified as the most effectively interacting with the gRNA of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and COVID-19, respectively. Based on the miR-4778-3p, miR-6864-5p and miR-5197-3p sequences, complete complementary miRNA (cc-miR) binding sites in the gRNA coronaviruses were created. The detected binding sites of these cc-miRs did not form intramolecular complexes in the 2D structure of the gRNA of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and COVID-19 with a value of more than 85%. Therefore, the cc-miRs will bind gRNA at these sites without competition. The cc-miRs for SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and COVID-19 did not have target genes among the 17508 human coding genes with a ΔG/ΔGm of more than 85%, which implies the absence of side effects of these cc-miRs on the translation of human mRNAs. cc-miRs can be used as therapeutic agents by incorporating them into exosomes or other vesicles and introducing them into the blood or lung by inhalation. The introduction of cc-miR into the blood will suppress the reproduction of the virus in the blood and in all organs into which it can enter. The proposed method of inhibiting the reproduction of coronaviruses can be used for other viruses.
A 49-year-old Woman Co-infected with SARS-COV-2 and Mycoplasma – A Case Report
Authors: Gao Ziang , Gao Lingbao , Chen Xinjie , Xu Yu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: SARS-COV-2 is a new virus responsible for the outbreak of respiratory illness known as Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Mycoplasma is an uncommon co-infected pathogen with SARS-COV-2 and has not been reported yet. Besides, Computed Tomography (CT), used as an accessory examination, may play a more significant role this time.Case presentation: A 49-year-old female presented with cough, expectoration and chest congestion followed by elevated CRP and ESR. CT images showed ground-glass opacities in bilateral lower lobes and patchy and striate shadow in right upper lobe. IgM antibody of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was positive and RT-PCR outcome of sputum was positive for the SARS-COV-2 nucleic acid. Her diagnosis of COVID-19 was made on the basis of laboratory results, chest CT images, clinical manifestations and epidemiologic characteristics. She was treated with combination therapy for 17 days following which she showed marked recovery.Conclusion: Co-infection of SARS-COV-2 and Mycoplasma in COVID-19 patients appears to be uncommon. Computed tomography is an acceptive way to make primary diagnosis and treatment for patients as soon as possible. Combination therapy of antiviral, anti-inflammatory, traditional Chinese medical herbal and supportive care may be a reference for further progress.
Services Export Diversification and Economic Growth
Authors: GNANGNON SENA KIMM 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present article investigates the effect of services export diversification on economic growth by relying on a sample of 131 countries over the period 1985-2014. The empirical results, based on the two-step system Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM), has suggested that services export diversification enhances economic growth in developing countries, whereas in High Income Countries (HICs), services export specialization promotes economic growth. Furthermore, services export diversification enhances economic growth as countries experience a rise in their services exports growth, with the magnitude of this positive effect increasing as the growth rate of services exports rises. Finally, services export diversification tends to be positively associated with economic growth, but as countries enjoy greater trade openness, they tend to enhance their services export specialization so as to enjoy higher economic growth. Interestingly, it is services export specialization that promotes economic growth as countries better integrate into the international trade market. One key message conveyed by the analysis is the importance of services export diversification (or concentration) for economic growth, including when countries further open up to international trade.
Aid for Trade and Real Exchange Rate in Recipient-Countries
Authors: GNANGNON SENA KIMM 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The current analysis contributes to the literature on the real exchange rate (RER) effect of development aid by separating out the RER effect of the development aid allocated to the trade sector - referred to as Aid for Trade (AfT) - from the effect of NonAfT flows. The empirical findings show that AfT flows exert a RER depreciation in recipient-economies, while NonAfT flows are associated with a RER appreciation. From a policy perspective, these results show that scaling-up AfT flows could promote countries' competitiveness in the international trade market through a greater extent of RER depreciation.
The correlation Between Viral Clearance and Biochemical Outcomes of 94 Discharged Patients with COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Yuan Jing , Zou Rongrong , Zeng Lijiao , Kou Shanglong , Lan Jianfeng , Li Xiaohe , Liang Yanhua , Din Xiaoyan , Tan Guoyu , Tang Shenghong , Liu Lei , Liu Yingxia , Pan Yanchao , Wang Zhaoqin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aims to evaluate the relationships between viral clearance and blood biochemical index of 94 discharged patients with COVID-19 infection in Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, enrolled from Jan 5 to Feb 13, 2020.Methods The clinical, and laboratory findings were extracted from the electronic medical records of the patients. The data were analysed and reviewed by a trained team of physicians. Information on clinical symptoms and signs, medical treatment, virus clearance and laboratory parameters including interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were collected.Results COVID-19 mRNA clearance ratio was identified significantly correlated with the decline of serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Furthermore, COVID-19 mRNA clearance time was positively correlated with the length of hospital stay in patients treated with either IFN-α + lopinavir/ritonavir or IFN-α + lopinavir/ritonavir+ ribavirin.Conclusions Therapeutic regimen of IFN-α+lopinavir/ritonavir and IFN-α + lopinavir/ritonavir + ribavirin regimens might be beneficial for treatment of COVID-19. Serum LDH or CK decline may predict a favorable response to treatment of COVID-19 infection.