bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Dried Leaves Derived Carbon Quantum Dots and g-C3N4 Composite
Authors: Sim L C , Khor J M , Leong K H , Saravanan P 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work, carbon quantum dots (CDs) was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal treatment using dried leaves as green precursor. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was combined with CDs to prepare CDs/g-C3N4 composites with three different weight percentage at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 wt%, respectively. The morphological structure, optical properties and chemical compositions of CDs and composites were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. CDs solution portrayed a significant fluorescence property that bright blue-green fluorescence can be observed by naked eye under ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation. The highest fluorescence emission was recorded at 320 nm with the optimal excitation wavelength of 423 nm. Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) results displayed red-shifted adsorption spectra of CDs/g-C3N4 composites from 500 nm to 800 nm. No upconversion photoluminescence (UCPL) was detected in CDs based on the photoluminescence (PL) study. The loading of CDs on g-C3N4 reduced the band gap from 2.7 eV to 2.59 eV.
Effect of Lithium Chloride on the Fabrication of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Nanocomposite Membrane for the Separation of Oil-Water Emulsions
Authors: Tuazon Mary Rose C , Aquino Ruth R , Yap Ang Micah Belle Marie , Tolentino Marvin S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Polyvinylidene fluoride membranes have been broadly applied to scientific research and industrial processes due to its excellent property and applications mainly in water treatment. In this study, the effects of lithium chloride (LiCl) on the porosity, morphology, hydrophilicity and permeability of PVDF-halloysites (PVDF-HNT) nanofiber membranes were investigated. It was observed that the incorporation of LiCl improved the electrospinnability of polymersolution and modifes the morphology of fibers from beaded fiber to a uniform fiber structure. The fabricated membrane was used for the separation of oil-water emulsions via gravitational dead end system, in which the 2% concentration of LiCl as additive, bear out the most amount of volume of water collected. As a result, the fabricated membrane offers a new material for practical applications in oil-water separations.
Nanoporous Carbon from Water Hyacinth Via Hydrothermal Carbonization
Authors: Chanpee Sirayu , Suksai Nattaya , Kaewtrakulchai Napat , Chutipaijit Sutee , Fuji Masayoshi , Eiad-Ua Apiluck 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Nanoporous carbon materials have been successfully synthesized from water hyacinth via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). This research was studied the effect of hydrothermal temperature from 160 - 200 °C and reaction time for 4 - 24 h. Afterwards, carbonization was carried out at the temperature of 600 - 900 °C for 2 h in N2 atmosphere for developing porosity and even removing contaminants of hydrothermal char to obtain the porous carbon. The physico-chemical properties of nanoporous carbon materials were comprehensively characterized through Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), CHN elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and BET analysis. The adsorption capacity and carbon content of nanoporous carbon materials from water hyacinth were increased with increased hydrothermal carbonization temperature and time. Performing HTC at 200 °C for 12 h. Is the optimum condition to synthesis of precursor materials for good adsorbent.
N-doped Porous Carbon from Palm Male Flower via Hydrothermal Carbonization
Authors: Verasarut Panupong , Liamprawat Tanatorn , Kaewtrakulchai Napat , Chutipaijit Sutee , Panomsuwan Gasidit , Puengjinda Pramote , Fuji Masayoshi , Eiad-Ua Apiluck 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
N-doped porous carbon materials were produced from palm male flower using hydrothermal carbonization processes at 200 °C for 24 h followed by N-Doping and carbonization at 700°C for 2 h. N-doping was carried out by impregnation using NH4OH at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 M and 2 M. Products were characterized by means of chemical composition and morphology using SEM, XPS, and XRD to characterize specific properties such as physical morpholog, porosity, elemental composition on surface and crystalline structure of PMF. After applying hydrothermal carbonization processes, the results showed substantially increased porosity and surface area with suitable microstructure for N-doped electrodes applications. The highest porosity was obtained at NPC–1.5 M.
Morphology, Thermal Degradation and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Polyurea used as Explosive-Proof Elastomer
Authors: Won-In K , Dararutana P 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt is well known that the blast affected the explosion and terrorism, not only human life, but also the building structure. In order to prevent these, protective materials are developed. One of them is polyurea. In this work, the elemental composition and microstructure of the selected polyurea sheet samples are characterized. Thermal, dynamic mechanical, tensile, and hardness properties are also studied. It is found that carbon and oxygen are the main compositions, while silicon, fluorine, and titanium are presented as minor ones. The modulus and loss factor increase as the frequency and temperature increase. The elongation property is over 100% and the hardness is around 90 Shore A.
Role of Organic Additives in the Fabrication of Micro Copper Rods by Localized Electrochemical Deposition
Authors: Alshwawreh N , Hussien O , Khanfar M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this research, an automated experimental setup to fabricate high aspect ratio copper micro rods using localized electrodeposition was assembled. Using a custom-made microelectrode, copper micro columns were successfully fabricated on copper substrates from an additive-free electrolyte. To expand the capabilities of localized electrochemical deposition as a potential microfabrication technique, the effect of organic additives including Janus Green B (JGB), Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), 3-mercapto-1-propane sulfonic acid (MPSA) on the uniformity of the fabricated structures was studied. Scanning electron microscopy characterization revealed that organic additives play an important role in achieving a uniform and rigid micro rod across its height. An electrolyte containing all three additives (PEG, JGB, MPSA) appears to produce a micro rod with better structural characteristics compared with the case when only two additives are present (PEG, JGB). From this research, designing an electrolyte with proper chemistry appears to be critical to realize optimized fabrication of micro scale features by localized electrodeposition. It could also contribute to presenting the technique as a competitive and reliable micro fabrication alternative to other complex and high-cost technologies.
Differences in Polysaccharide Containment Obtained by Various Pulsed Light Irradiated Waste Mushroom Base of Yellow Flammulina Velutipes
Authors: Tsai Shu-Yao , Wu Pei-Han , Lin Chun-Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The goal of this study was applied on the pulsed light of physical method, to promote the polysaccharide containment of mushroom base of Yellow Flammulina velutipes (Jinhua mushroom). Jinhua mushroom is a specific edible and medicinal mushroom in Taiwan that contains a variety of nutrients and bioactive components such as vitamin, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, protein, ergosterol, amino acid and umami constituents acknowledged to be beneficial for human health. Jinhua mushroom, whose appearance is also similar to white Flammulina velutipes but the functional ingredients are more than it. The polysaccharide of Jinhua mushroom base, which was irradiated the 0–80 pulses of pulsed light. Interestingly, the polysaccharide molecular weight was in the range of 3.56 to 4.30 x 106 Da of base with pulsed light (0–80 pulses), along with increasing pulsed light irradiated pulses, the polysaccharides’ viscosity (cPs) was increased. Meanwhile, we determined the moisture adsorption ability and thermal decomposition of the Jinhua mushroom base’s polysaccharide, which could be applied to a design during cosmetic materials and biomedicals. Overall, this study is a complete, forward-looking and innovative research project in agricultural waste recycling.
Experiment and Numerical Modeling of Boron Effect on Weld HAZ Hardenability of Steels
Authors: Yoshimoto K. , Pasang T. , Aihara S. , Kawabata T. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Boron is an alloying element used for increasing the strength of steels, but on the other hand, it sometimes deteriorates heat affected zone (HAZ) weldability and toughness. Although it is widely known that the hardenability of steel is improved due to grain boundary segregation of boron, its details and quantification have not yet been clarified. In this study, boron-free HT590 and boron-added HT780 steels were welded and microstructure and hardness distribution in HAZ were measured, in detail. Furthermore, we calculated and investigated the grain boundary segregation and diffusion of boron during weld thermal cycle by numerical analysis while comparing it with the experiment result. As a result, the present model made it clear that the effect of boron on HAZ hardenability can be expressed by non-equilibrium segregated boron at grain boundary, quantitatively.
Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Cutting Temperature of EN31 Steel with Varying MQSL Parameters
Authors: Chary Nalband Sai Kiran , Pamidimukkala Kalyan , Akkapally Prathik , Challa Muralidhar Reddy , Kirupakaran Yeshwanth Prasanna , Dammu Hitesh , Thati Ajay , Abraham Sachin Jacob , Gunda Rakesh Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the present-day manufacturing industry, achieving machining accuracy, high production rate, high material removal rate and increasing tool cutting life is becoming more vital and a particularly difficult task. Machining of hard material imposes a lot of challenges, mainly high temperature generation between tool-workpiece interface. Enormous heat generation adversely affects surface roughness, tool life, dimensional quality of the workpiece and deteriorates the tool life significantly. The use of proper lubrication in machining processes is critically important to modify the conditions of contact area by effective control over frictional interaction which should ensure change in tool-chip interface and machining mechanics. In the present work an experimental investigation was carried out on various MQSL parameters on surface roughness and tool temperature in turning EN 31 steel and the results are compared with dry turning. In order to apply lubricants at shearing interface (chip flow at the rake face of the tool) high velocity MQSL set-up is fabricated. The present work has achieved significant results and helped in concluding the influence of lubricant parameters of MQSL in turning process.
Non-contact surface roughness measurement using laser speckle technique
Authors: Patel Dhiren R. , Kiran M. B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper deals with selected contact type stylus method and non-contact type machine vision method using laser speckle for components prepared by grinding of AISI 1040 steel with a variety of wheels and varied depth of cut. In this interactive study, Optical method based on statistical properties of binary images is proposed for machined surfaces. Grounded metal surfaces are used to develop a binary digitized speckle pattern by a beam of He-Ne laser light source. High end camera is used to capture the image of a speckle pattern. White to black pixels ratios is computed from the binary images using image processing toolbox in Matlab. The correlation is developed between white to black pixels ratio and measured two-dimensional surface roughness parameter. Two-dimensional surface roughness parameters are recorded using a contact-type surface profilometer. The results which opted, clearly supports that these parameters have a relationship with a degree of surface roughness. A linear relationship is observed between parameter obtained from proposed technique and measured value of surface roughness using surface profilometer. The statistical analysis represents the performance of maximum relative error in prediction of surface roughness is 9%.
Multipurpose Agricultural Robot Platform
Authors: Thaitanun Sunti , Loetthanaphan Sitthivich , Wanichanan Sangdad , Myint Ye Moe , Phanomchoeng Gridsada , Chancharoen Ratchatin , Wuttisittikulkij Lunchakorn , Saadi Muhammad , Wijayasekara Sanika K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
During the last decade, agricultural sector has witnessed a wide adoption of cutting edge technology not only to improve the quality and quantity of the crops but also to ease the labour burden. These technological oriented and innovative agricultural solutions have opened new horizons for opportunists, researchers and investors along with the creation and development of new markets. Robotic and automation technologies are now complementing farmers in various ways. In this paper, we present the mechanical and electrical design of multi-purpose agricultural robot which has the capabilities to move in three Cartesian coordinate axis along with the functionality of harvesting small sized fruits with the help of grippers. Our developed robot prototype can be controlled via remote control. Prototype testing results show that the developed robot can reach to the target by passing any small sized obstacle and harvest the fruit. We believe that such low cost, less complex and indigenously developed multipurpose agricultural robots can help farmers by reducing their labour cost and human effort.
Multi Frequency on RGB Lighting LED Driver Technique
Authors: Parnklang Jirawath , Phikunthong Lalita , Jantri Rawisara , Sukpasri Pichkanit 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we conducted RGB incident light intensity of the high power white lighting LED. The current control 50% duty cycle pulse signal source with appropriate semiconductor carrier frequency response are supply to the RGB white lighting LED. Although, the carrier relaxation time of the red blue and green light in the white lighting LED are not the same value which depend on the carrier different of the energy level. The measurement show that the lowest duty cycle appropriate pulse signal for only blue or UV base white LED give more relative light intensity than normal (low frequency) signal within 11%.
Detection of Defects on Single-Bead Welding by Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Barstugan Mucahid , Ceran Yavuz Selim , Yilmaz Musa , Dundar Niyazi Adem 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study classified the defects that were encountered on single-bead welding, which was made by MIG/MAG welding machines in Hürsan Press company. 2250 images were taken on weldings that were made by five different welders. This study classified defects into three classes as good welding, porosity, and discontinuities. The images in the dataset, which have three classes, were classified by two stages. In the first stage, the texture features of the welding area were extracted. In the second stage, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) method classified the extracted features. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, and F-score metrics were used to measure the classification performance. 1500 images were used to train the system and training and validation performances were obtained as 94.03% and 94.19%, respectively. 750 images were used to test the performance of the proposed method and the test performance was obtained as 94.31%. The proposed method detected a defect on single-bead welding in 0.98 seconds.
Non-destructive Fertility Detection of Multiple Chicken Eggs Using Image Processing and Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Koodtalang Wittaya , Sangsuwan Thaksin , Rerkratn Apinai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a non-destructive fertility detection of multiple chicken eggs in incubation industry based on image processing technique and convolutional neural network (CNN). The aim of this research were to design and implement the system for simultaneously distinguish multi eggs infertility from fertility one. LED light source setting up for illumining the 48 eggs, consisting of both egg types and randomly placed on a tray in dark box. In addition, a pre-trained CNN is performed to classify fertile and infertile eggs. All eggs is captured and processed to extract a region of interest (ROI) for each egg, generating large ROI egg images dataset which used to train and test the CNN model. A designed system is programmed using Python, operating on Windown7-64bit supported by OpenCV and Keras. Experimental results showed the accuracies for fertile incubated eggs detection between day 7 and day 9 reaches 100%. Meanwhile, eggs location has 100% of accuracy is also observed. Hence, the proposed technique are high reliability, high accuracy system and suitable to use in real application.
Design and simulation of a novel MEMS based microfluidic circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection system for a lab on a chip device
Authors: Suriyage M P , Asanka P V K , Cooray T M G C S P , Liyanage D L F M , Pushpakumara R A N I , Hendavitharana D K , Fernando W W A T I , Sampath W H P , Amarasinghe Y W R 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel microfluidic system for a lab on a chip device which includes three major systems: a microchannel, micromixer and a droplet generator. The novel system proposes electroosmotic fluid flow control combining droplet generation and immunocapturing based CTC separation. ANSYS Fluent is used to optimize the fluid flow parameters, droplet size and justify the mixing capability of the micromixer. COMSOL Multiphysics simulations justify the integration of the electroosmotic fluid flow control for precise generation of droplets and optimization of dimensional parameters of microchannels, followed by a fabrication method for the microfluidic system.
Synthesis of a novel magnetic nano-zeolite and its application as an efficient heavy metal adsorbent
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Cheng Ting , Chen Chen , Wang Lei , Deng Qin , Chen Gang , Ye Chenhao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A novel magnetic nano-zeolite (MNZ@MS) is successfully synthesized, characterized and applied to adsorp heavy metals from solution. In the synthesis of MNZ@MS, the fly ash magnetic sphere (MS) and [C18H37 (CH3)2-N+-(CH2)3 -N+-(CH3)2C18H37] Cl2 is used as carrier and directing agent, respectively. The characterization results of XRD, XRF, XPS and SEM demonstrate that the nano-scale (200–600 nm) Linde F(K) zeolite completely wraps the magnetic spherical fly ash particle, and the saturation magnetization value of MNZ@MS is around 17.7 emu g−1. MNZ@MS exhibits a favorable and efficient adsorption performances on heavy metals, and the maximum adsorption capacity of Cu, Cd and Pb on MNZ@MS is 59.9 mg g−1, 188 .6 mg g−1 and 909.1 mg g−1, respectively. The higher pH value in solution is more conducive to the adsorption process of heavy metals on MNZ@MS. The adsorption is a fast process, well represented by the pseudo-second-order model. Concerning the equilibrium behavior, Langmuir isotherm model are more suitable for describing the adsorption. Furthermore, in competitive adsorption system, the adsorption process of Pb is the most difficult to be interfered, and the order of adsorption advantage is Pb>Cu>Cd. MNZ@MS may be applied as a low-cost and efficient magnetic adsorbent for wastewater treatment to remove heavy metals.
Baryon density extraction and isotropy analysis of cosmic microwave background using deep learning
Authors: Mishra Amit , Reddy Pranath , Nigam Rahul 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The discovery of cosmic microwave background (CMB) was a paradigm shift in the study and fundamental understanding of the early Universe and also the Big Bang phenomenon. Cosmic microwave background is one of the richest and intriguing sources of information available to cosmologists and one parameter of special interest is baryon density of the Universe. Baryon density can be primarily estimated by analyzing CMB data or through the study of big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). Hence, it is necessary that both of the results found through the two methods are in agreement with each other. Although there are some well established statistical methods for the analysis of CMB to estimate baryon density, here we explore the use of deep learning in this respect. We correlate the baryon density obtained from the power spectrum of simulated CMB temperature maps with the corresponding map image and form the dataset for training the neural network model. We analyze the accuracy with which the model is able to predict the results from a relatively abstract dataset considering the fact that CMB is a Gaussian random field. CMB is anisotropic due to temperature fluctuations at small scales but on a larger scale CMB is considered isotropic, here we analyze the isotropy of CMB by training the model with CMB maps centered at different galactic coordinates and compare the predictions of neural network models.
Fabrication and comparison of Heterojunction solar cells from CdS/PbS nanoparticles and CdS/PbS bulk
Authors: Mishra A K , Rana C , Saha S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
PbS nanoparticles and CdS nanoparticles are grown by chemical methods. Also bulk PbS is grown by simple chemical methods without using any capping agent. The material formation is identified from XRD.TEM image shows the formation of different shaped PbS nanoparticles, CdS nanoparticles, and bulk PbS. Three different heterojunction solar cells are fabricated by CdS and PbS samples using a spin coating technique. Finally, gold is evaporated on PbS film. Current-voltage characteristics data for three heterojunction solar cells are taken under dark and illumination conditions. For each fabricated solar cell open-circuit voltage (VOC), short circuit current density (ISC), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency(

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) are measured. Finally, a comparison of the characteristics is done for different fabricated heterojunction solar cells.
Remote Anatomic Pathology Medical Student Education in Washington State
Authors: Parker Elizabeth U , Chang Oliver , Koch Lisa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has halted in-person medical student education in many large academic centers, including the University of Washington. We identified a unique opportunity to bring comprehensive and targeted anatomic pathology training to large numbers of medical students who would not receive it otherwise but also need credited coursework.

Methods
We developed a comprehensive 2-week remote-learning course encompassing lectures, virtual slides, discussion groups, and unique case-based activities. Activities are tailored to the nonpathologist future clinician, emphasizing basic microscopy and pathology terminology. We employ multiple strategies and technologies to increase engagement while distance learning, including screen annotation, “flipped classroom” slide presentations, and repetition of common themes.

Results
Given 13 virtual courses to choose between 13% of students enrolled in our course (70 of our 540 rising third- and fourth-year students), a nearly 10-fold increase in average pathology rotators.

Conclusions
This is an unprecedented opportunity to provide tailored anatomic pathology instruction, both helping our medical students continue training during crisis and illuminating the field of pathology for our future colleagues. Preliminary results have been overwhelmingly positive regarding understanding of pathology concepts as well as attitudes toward pathology.