bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers and Facilitators of Disclosing Domestic Violence to the UK Health Service
Authors: Heron Rebecca L. , Eisma Maarten C. , Browne Kevin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDomestic violence victims frequently visit health care facilities yet rarely disclose, so it is important to understand what factors are barriers and facilitators of disclosure. UK-based qualitative investigations into barriers and facilitators of disclosure in health care settings have suffered from a limited focus on ethnic minority women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore victims’ perceptions and experiences of disclosing to health care services and to identify barriers and facilitators of disclosure within an ethnically diverse UK sample. Semi-structured interviews were administered among 29 British (8 ethnic minority) female victims. Content analysis demonstrated that barriers to disclosure were; emotional (e.g., fear, embarrassment/shame and self-blame), physical (e.g., partner’s physical presence, controlling behavior, and manipulation of professionals) and organizational (e.g., appropriateness of setting and time for disclosure). Additional problems for ethnic minority women were language difficulties and religious practices. Facilitators to disclosure were interpersonal relations, safety, and validation from health care professionals. Barriers and facilitators of disclosure in health care services are diverse and some are specific to minority ethnic groups. Health care professionals should receive awareness and skills training to establish a positive, validating, and safe environment for victim disclosure.
Armed, Prohibited and Violent at Home: Implementation and Enforcement of Restrictions on Gun Possession by Domestic Violence Offenders in Four U.S. Localities
Authors: Frattaroli Shannon , Zeoli April M. , Webster Daniel W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFirearms increase the risk of lethality in violent intimate relationships. Policies that restrict access to firearms by respondents to civil domestic violence protective orders (DVROs) are associated with reductions in intimate partner homicide, yet there is scant literature about how such prohibitions are implemented. We document how four localities are implementing gun possession prohibitions that result from civil and criminal restraining orders and domestic violence misdemeanor convictions; and assess the findings in the context of Kingdon’s agenda setting framework. We identified four jurisdictions where gun dispossession of prohibited domestic violence offenders was underway and collected data through in-depth interviews, site visits, and documents. We coded the data, identified explanatory themes, and compared the findings to Kingdon’s framework. The four jurisdictions have policies ranging from no state laws restricting domestic violence offenders’ access to guns to comprehensive state laws. We describe implementation initiatives to dispossess prohibited people of their guns in the four jurisdictions, two distinct implementation models through which gun dispossession occurs, and an expanded application of Kingdon’s model. In each jurisdiction, we identified one or more individuals who championed implementation. Policies that prohibit domestic violence offenders from possessing guns are promising, and possible in diverse settings and jurisdictions. Here we provide insight into implementation efforts in four jurisdictions, emphasize the role of individuals in prioritizing implementation, and highlight the potential to realize these restrictions across states with different laws. Focusing on implementation is a much-needed paradigm shift that complements the traditional focus on passing domestic violence prevention laws.
243Am certified reference material for mass spectrometry
Authors: Jakopič Rožle , Fankhauser Adelheid , Aregbe Yetunde , Richter Stephan , Crozet Marielle , Maillard Christophe , Rivier Cédric , Roudil Danièle , Marouli Maria , Tzika Faidra , Altzitzoglou Timotheos , Pommé Stefaan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Joint Research Centre, in cooperation with the Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, produced a novel243Am spike reference material for mass spectrometry. Americium solution with an isotopic composition of 88%243Am and 12%241Am was used as the source for the preparation of the spike material. The certified value of 5.696 (11) nmol g−1for the amount content of243Am and 0.136138 (54) for then(241Am)/n(243Am) amount ratio were assigned. The assigned values from mass spectrometry were confirmed by alpha-particle spectrometry, alpha-particle counting at a defined solid angle, and high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry. Furthermore, an external validation of the certified values was obtained from the results of an interlaboratory comparison exercise, using this americium reference solution as the test sample.
Aging and Gender Health Gap: A Multilevel Analysis for 17 European Countries
Authors: Gómez-Costilla Patricia , García-Prieto Carmen , Somarriba-Arechavala Noelia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe European population is aging and their declining capacity makes older Europeans more dependent on the availability of care. Male and female health needs at older ages are different, yet there are contradictory results on the study of gender inequalities in health among the older European population. The aim of this article is twofold: first, we study whether there is a general gender health gap at older ages across Europe. Secondly, we analyze the existence of an increasing or decreasing universal association between the gender health gap and age among the older European population or whether, by contrast, this depends on the type of welfare state. To achieve these goals, we use data from the Survey on Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) for respondents aged 50 and over in 2015, and we carry out several multilevel random intercept logistic regressions for European countries. Our results show that when we split European countries into groups according to the type of welfare state, we only find a significant gender health gap in older people in Southern and Social Democratic countries. Some differences have been found in the links between the gender health gap and age among European countries. Old women report worse health than men at all ages in Southern countries while in Social Democratic states it is only true for women aged 80 and over. In Bismarckian states there are barely any gender differences, while the gender health gap has no clearly defined bias. Between the ages of 60 and 79, men from Eastern European countries report poorer health, while after 80 it is women who report poorer health. In general, we found the widest gender inequalities in health for the oldest population group, especially in Southern and Eastern European countries.
Determination of thresholds for minimally important difference and clinically important response on the functional outcomes of sleep questionnaire short version in adults with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Weaver Terri E. , Menno Diane M. , Bron Morgan , Crosby Ross D. , Morris Susan , Mathias Susan D. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This study estimated thresholds for clinically important responses and minimally important differences for two indicators of improvement for the 10-item version of the functional outcomes of sleep questionnaire (FOSQ-10).

Methods
Participants with excessive daytime sleepiness with narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea received 12 weeks of solriamfetol treatment. Participants completed the FOSQ-10 and other patient-reported outcome measures, including the single-item patient global impression of change (PGI-C) assessment. Clinicians completed the single-item clinician global impression of change (CGI-C) for each participant. Data from the two studies were analyzed separately, both without regard to treatment assignment. In total, 690 participants (47% female, mean age 48 years, 77% Caucasian, 91% from North America) were enrolled. Two clinically important changes, defined as a minimally important difference and a clinically important response, were determined using distribution and anchor-based analyses. A receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the optimal FOSQ-10 change threshold.

Results
Spearman correlations between change in FOSQ-10 scores and PGI-C and CGI-C were − 0.57 and − 0.49 for participants with narcolepsy and − 0.42 and − 0.37 for participants with obstructive sleep apnea. Receiver operating characteristic analysis suggested minimally important difference and clinically important response estimates of 1.7 and 2.5 and 1.8 and 2.2 points in narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea, respectively.

Conclusions
Minimally important difference and clinically important response estimates for the FOSQ-10 for adults with excessive daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy or obstructive sleep apnea will be helpful for interpreting changes over time and defining a clinical responder.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers
NCT02348593 (first submitted January 15, 2015) and NCT02348606 (first submitted January 15, 2015)
Mapping the Role of Instructors in Canadian Post-Secondary Student Mental Health Support Systems
Authors: DiPlacito-DeRango Maria Lucia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUsing Recognize, Render, and Redirect (RRR) (Di Placito-De Rango, International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 16:284–290, 2018) as a framing organizational model, this study engaged in online document analysis to (a) locate the instructor’s position within student mental health support frameworks across Canadian colleges and universities, and (b) understand how their role is exactly defined and described. The role of instructors within student mental health support systems was detailed in 20 Canadian post-secondary institutions. Strategies to recognize, render, and redirect students were observed in most frameworks. For example, 45% of college and university support frameworks featured instructors engaging in compassionate narrative exchanges with students, which included instructors listening to student narratives with concern, no judgement, anti-discriminatory demeanor, and minimal interruption. Post-secondary institutions are urged to continue clearly defining and updating the role of instructors in post-secondary student mental health support frameworks.
Influence of Pre-strain on Very-Low-Cycle Stress–Strain Response and Springback Behavior
Authors: Barienti Khemais , Klein Martin , Wackenrohr Steffen , Herbst Sebastian , Nürnberger Florian , Maier Hans Jürgen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe influence of pre-strain on the very-low-cycle loading behavior as occurring, for example during roller leveling of sheet metals, is not yet fully understood. A key factor in this context is the stiffness of the material and its changes upon processing. To study the general mechanical property changes during low-cycle loading with small amplitudes for a wide variety of metals, sheet samples of mild steel DC01, pure copper CU-DHP and α-titanium are subjected to low-cycle tension–compression tests. The general influences of pre-strain and the applied strain amplitude are investigated regarding material hardening and changes in the elastic properties. It is shown that all tested materials feature changes in the Bauschinger behavior during cycling. The apparent elastic modulus of the materials decreases with increasing accumulated plastic strain, and the evolution depends on the strain amplitude and the pre-strain. For all three materials, changes in technical springback are present and depend on the loading history.
Prediction model of moisture content of dead fine fuel in forest plantations on Maoer Mountain, Northeast China
Authors: Masinda Maombi Mbusa , Li Fei , Liu Qi , Sun Long , Hu Tongxin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPreventing and suppressing forest fires is one of the main tasks of forestry agencies to reduce resource loss and requires a thorough understanding of the importance of factors affecting their occurrence. This study was carried out in forest plantations on Maoer Mountain in order to develop models for predicting the moisture content of dead fine fuel using meteorological and soil variables. Models by Nelson (Can J For Res 14:597–600, 1984) and Van Wagner and Pickett (Can For Service 33, 1985) describing the equilibrium moisture content as a function of relative humidity and temperature were evaluated. A random forest and generalized additive models were built to select the most important meteorological variables affecting fuel moisture content. Nelson's (Can J For Res 14:597–600, 1984) model was accurate for Pinus koraiensis, Pinus sylvestris, Larix gmelinii and mixed Larix gmelinii—Ulmus propinqua fuels. The random forest model showed that temperature and relative humidity were the most important factors affecting fuel moisture content. The generalized additive regression model showed that temperature, relative humidity and rain were the main drivers affecting fuel moisture content. In addition to the combined effects of temperature, rainfall and relative humidity, solar radiation or wind speed were also significant on some sites. In P. koraiensis and P. sylvestris plantations, where soil parameters were measured, rain, soil moisture and temperature were the main factors of fuel moisture content. The accuracies of the random forest model and generalized additive model were similar, however, the random forest model was more accurate but underestimated the effect of rain on fuel moisture.
COVID-19 in the autopsy room–requirements, safety, recommendations and pathological findings
Authors: Baj Jacek , Ciesielka Marzanna , Buszewicz Grzegorz , Maciejewski Ryszard , Budzyńska Barbara , Listos Piotr , Teresiński Grzegorz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractModern technologies enable the exchange of information about the expansion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and the continually increasing number of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases almost in real time. The gravity of a current epidemiological situation is represented by the mortality rates, which are scrupulously updated daily. Performing autopsies on patients with either suspected or confirmed COVID-19 is of high importance since these might not only improve clinical management but also reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection expansion. The following paper aimed to present the most crucial aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection from the point of view of forensic experts and pathologists, recommendations and safety precautions regarding autopsies, autopsy room requirements, possible techniques, examinations used for effective viral detection, recommendations regarding burials, and gross and microscopic pathological findings of the deceased who died due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Autopsies remain the gold standard for determining the cause of death. Therefore, it would be beneficial to perform autopsies on patients with both suspected and confirmed COVID-19, especially those with coexisting comorbidities.
Graphene-Based Photo-Fenton Catalysts for Pollutant Control
Authors: Bao Yan , Yan Qingyun , Ji Jiahui , Qiu Bocheng , Zhang Jinlong , Xing Mingyang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWater pollution is a global environmental issue with multi-dimensional influences on human life. Some strategies, such as photo-Fenton reaction, have been employed to remove recalcitrant pollutants. Two-dimensional (2D) graphene and its three-dimensional (3D) configurations have attracted considerable attention as emerging carbon-based catalysts in photo-Fenton fields owing to their alluring properties in electron transfer, reactant adsorption, and light response. This review summarizes the recent developments in 2D and 3D graphene-based catalysts for photo-Fenton reactions. Their structures, characteristics, activity, and mechanisms are discussed. The conclusions and outlooks are proposed for the profound understanding of challenges and future directions.
Armoring Black Phosphorus Anode with Stable Metal–Organic-Framework Layer for Hybrid K-Ion Capacitors
Authors: Xu Mengzhu , Feng Yutong , Chen Bingjie , Meng Ruijin , Xia Mengting , Gu Feng , Yang Donglei , Zhang Chi , Yang Jinhu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPotassium-ion capacitors (KICs) are promising for sustainable and eco-friendly energy storage technologies, yet their slow reaction kinetics and poor cyclability induced by large K-ion size are a major obstacle toward practical applications. Herein, by employing black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) as a typical high-capacity anode material, we report that BPNS anodes armored with an ultrathin oriented-grown metal–organic-framework (MOF) interphase layer (BPNS@MOF) exhibit regulated potassium storage behavior for high-performance KICs. The MOF interphase layers as protective layer with ordered pores and high chemical/mechanical stability facilitate K ion diffusion and accommodate the volume change of electrode, beneficial for improved reaction kinetics and enhanced cyclability, as evidenced by substantial characterizations, kinetics analysis and DFT calculations. Consequently, the BPNS@MOF electrode as KIC anodes exhibits outstanding cycle performance outperforming most of the reported state-of-art KICs so far.
Band Engineering and Morphology Control of Oxygen-Incorporated Graphitic Carbon Nitride Porous Nanosheets for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wu Yunyan , Xiong Pan , Wu Jianchun , Huang Zengliang , Sun Jingwen , Liu Qinqin , Cheng Xiaonong , Yang Juan , Zhu Junwu , Zhou Yazhou 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGraphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-based photocatalysts have shown great potential in the splitting of water. However, the intrinsic drawbacks of g-C3N4, such as low surface area, poor diffusion, and charge separation efficiency, remain as the bottleneck to achieve highly efficient hydrogen evolution. Here, a hollow oxygen-incorporated g-C3N4 nanosheet (OCN) with an improved surface area of 148.5 m2 g−1 is fabricated by the multiple thermal treatments under the N2/O2 atmosphere, wherein the C–O bonds are formed through two ways of physical adsorption and doping. The physical characterization and theoretical calculation indicate that the O-adsorption can promote the generation of defects, leading to the formation of hollow morphology, while the O-doping results in reduced band gap of g-C3N4. The optimized OCN shows an excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of 3519.6 μmol g−1 h−1 for ~ 20 h, which is over four times higher than that of g-C3N4 (850.1 μmol g−1 h−1) and outperforms most of the reported g-C3N4 catalysts.
TRENT'ANNI, 253 AUTORI, 14422 PAGINE DI SCIENZA POLITICA
Authors: Sani Giacomo , Legnante Guido 
Published: January 2021

Introduzione
Questa rivista ha compiuto da poco i trent'anni di vita. Creata agli inizi
degli anni settanta per iniziativa di Giovanni Sartori, la Risp ha proseguito il
suo cammino grazie alle con-direzioni di Leonardo Morlino (1986–1991), Maurizio
Cotta (1992–1997), e Maurizio Ferrera (1998–2000). Essi si sono avvalsi della
collaborazione di molti volenterosi studiosi, giovani e meno giovani, che hanno
contribuito alla vita della rivista. Del primo Comitato
Scientifico (1971) facevano parte Fisichella, Gori, Pasquino,
Passigli, Spreafico e Urbani, a cui si sono aggiunti dal 1976 Farneti e Stoppino.
In una fase successiva (1986–1993) sono entrati nel comitato Bartolini, Bruschi,
Cazzola, Cotta, Guarnieri, Marradi, Morlino, Panebianco, Pappalardo, Sani, Sola.
Infine, negli anni più recenti (dal 1998) si sono aggiunti Attinà, Calise, Di
Palma, Freddi, Graziano, Mastropaolo, Mattina, Morisi, Pasquino, Rusconi, Zincone.
Nel ruolo di Redattore capo si sono alternati Pasquino,
Morlino, Cartocci, Di Virgilio. Nel corso degli anni hanno altresì contribuito al
lavoro redazionale Bosco, Chiaramonte, Giuliani, Mattei e Verzichelli.
Three major dimensions of human brain cortical ageing in relation to cognitive decline across the eighth decade of life
Authors: Cox S. R. , Harris M. A. , Ritchie S. J. , Buchanan C. R. , Valdés Hernández M. C. , Corley J. , Taylor A. M. , Madole J. W. , Harris S. E. , Whalley H. C. , McIntosh A. M. , Russ T. C. , Bastin M. E. , Wardlaw J. M. , Deary I. J. , Tucker-Drob E. M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDifferent brain regions can be grouped together, based on cross-sectional correlations among their cortical characteristics; this patterning has been used to make inferences about ageing processes. However, cross-sectional brain data conflate information on ageing with patterns that are present throughout life. We characterised brain cortical ageing across the eighth decade of life in a longitudinal ageing cohort, at ages ~73, ~76, and ~79 years, with a total of 1376 MRI scans. Volumetricchangesamong cortical regions of interest (ROIs) were more strongly correlated (averager = 0.805, SD = 0.252) than werecross-sectionalvolumes of the same ROIs (averager = 0.350, SD = 0.178). We identified a broad, cortex-wide, dimension of atrophy that explained 66% of the variance in longitudinal changes across the cortex. Our modelling also discovered more specific fronto-temporal and occipito-parietal dimensions that were orthogonal to the general factor and together explained an additional 20% of the variance. The general factor was associated with declines in general cognitive ability (r = 0.431,p < 0.001) and in the domains of visuospatial ability (r = 0.415,p = 0.002), processing speed (r = 0.383,p < 0.001) and memory (r = 0.372,p < 0.001). Individual differences in brain cortical atrophy with ageing are manifest across three broad dimensions of the cerebral cortex, the most general of which is linked with cognitive declines across domains. Longitudinal approaches are invaluable for distinguishing lifelong patterns of brain-behaviour associations from patterns that are specific to aging.
Time to revisit the use of G-CSF after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation in COVID-19 era?
Authors: Malek Alexandre E. 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThe use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients with haematological malignancies is associated with less febrile neutropenia episodes. But in the presence of COVID-19 infection, the administration of G-CSF is challenging as it may trigger a robust inflammatory reaction resulting in cytokine storm, respiratory failure and severe outcomes.
Genomic alterations caused by HPV integration in a cohort of Chinese endocervical adenocarcinomas
Authors: Li Wenhui , Lei Wanjun , Chao Xiaopei , Song Xiaochen , Bi Yalan , Wu Huanwen , Wu Ming , Li Lei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe association between human papillomavirus (HPV) integration and relevant genomic changes in uterine cervical adenocarcinoma is poorly understood. This study is to depict the genomic mutational landscape in a cohort of 20 patients. HPV+ and HPV− groups were defined as patients with and without HPV integration in the host genome. The genetic changes between these two groups were described and compared by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES). WGS identified 2916 copy number variations and 743 structural variations. WES identified 6113 somatic mutations, with a mutational burden of 2.4 mutations/Mb. Six genes were predicted as driver genes: PIK3CA, KRAS, TRAPPC12, NDN, GOLGA6L4 and BAIAP3. PIK3CA, NDN, GOLGA6L4, and BAIAP3 were recognized as significantly mutated genes (SMGs). HPV was detected in 95% (19/20) of patients with cervical adenocarcinoma, 7 of whom (36.8%) had HPV integration (HPV+ group). In total, 1036 genes with somatic mutations were confirmed in the HPV+ group, while 289 genes with somatic mutations were confirmed in the group without HPV integration (HPV− group); only 2.1% were shared between the two groups. In the HPV+ group, GOLGA6L4 and BAIAP3 were confirmed as SMGs, while PIK3CA, NDN, KRAS, FUT1, and GOLGA6L64 were identified in the HPV− group. ZDHHC3, PKD1P1, and TGIF2 showed copy number amplifications after HPV integration. In addition, the HPV+ group had significantly more neoantigens. HPV integration rather than HPV infection results in different genomic changes in cervical adenocarcinoma.