bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The buffering effect of social support on diabetes distress and depressive symptoms in adults with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Beverly Elizabeth A. , Ritholz Marilyn D. , Dhanyamraju Krishna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundSocial support may buffer or decrease the negative effects of diabetes distress (DD) and depressive symptoms on diabetes outcomes. We assessed the buffering role of social support in the relationship between DD and self‐care and depressive symptoms and self‐care in adults with Type 1 (T1D) and Type 2 (T2D) diabetes.MethodsParticipants completed the Diabetes Distress Scale for T2D or T1D, the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey and the Self‐Care Inventory‐Revised. We conducted hierarchical multiple regression models using SPSS version 26.0.ResultsA total of 325 adults (median age = 40.5 years, 62.2% women, 86.5% White; 59.7% T2D, A1C = 59 ± 6 mmol/mol or 7.5 ± 1.6%; median duration = 11.0 years) participated. Greater social support buffered the negative effects of DD on self‐care (R2Δ = 0.015, p = 0.024) as well as depressive symptoms on self‐care (R2Δ = 0.024, p = 0.004) in participants with T1D and T2D. Both regression models recorded medium effect sizes (F2 = 0.220, F2 = 0.234 respectively). Social support subscale analyses showed tangible support (R2Δ = 0.016, p = 0.018) and affectionate support (R2Δ = 0.016, p = 0.020) buffered DD and self‐care, and emotional support (R2Δ = 0.015, p = 0.022), tangible support (R2Δ = 0.020, p = 0.009), affectionate support (R2Δ = 0.025, p = 0.004) and positive interaction support (R2Δ = 0.017, p = 0.018) buffered depressive symptoms and self‐care.ConclusionsFindings suggest that social support buffers the impact of DD and depressive symptoms on self‐care in adults with T1D and T2D. Additional research is needed to confirm the buffering role of social support on DD and depressive symptoms. Greater understanding of these interactions may help improve clinical care and outcomes.
Exploring disconnected discourses about Patient and Public Involvement and Volunteer Involvement in English health and social care
Authors: Grotz Jurgen , Birt Linda , Edwards Heather , Locke Michael , Poland Fiona 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatient and public involvement (PPI) in health and social care policy, service decision‐making and research are presented as good practice in England. Yet the explicit rationale for PPI and how it is positioned within the literature, policy and practice remain confused, in particular, in relation to Volunteer Involvement (VI). In health and social care, PPI and VI are managed and valued as conceptually distinct, yet the discourses in their policy and practice documents treat them as closely related in fundamental ways.ObjectiveCompare and critically evaluate discourses framing PPI and VI within English health and social care.DesignA critical discourse approach was used to explore the accounts of PPI and VI in policy. These accounts were then compared and contrasted with personal accounts of volunteering in health and social care settings.ResultsTwenty documents from key national health and social care bodies were discursively examined in terms of their framing PPI and VI. A narrative disconnect between the two was repeatedly confirmed. This finding contrasted with an analysis of personal accounts of VI which displayed VI as a form of PPI.ConclusionThere is a disconnect between language, narratives and practice in PPI and in VI which may have direct consequences for policy and practice. Recognising and managing it can offer innovative ways of enabling volunteers to be involved across health and social care settings, ensuring the experiential value added by volunteers’ service contributions, to be recognised so that their democratic participation may be seen to shape services.
Effect of corn starch on the structure, physicochemical and gel properties of hairtail (Trichiurus haumela) myosin
Authors: Mi Hongbo , Liang Shangyun , Li Zhenghan , Yi Shumin , Chen Jingxin , Li Xuepeng , Li Jianrong 
Published: December 2020

SummaryEffects of corn starch on structure, physicochemical and gel properties of myosin were investigated. Particle size, turbidity, surface hydrophobicity and total sulphhydryl groups of myosin were significantly increased with the increasing of starch concentration, and the increase range of high amylose corn starch (HACS) group was the most significant. Tryptophan residue of myosin was buried, and fluorescence quenching occurred after starch was added. HACS made myosin secondary structure was changed from α‐helix to β‐sheet. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) photographs showed starch was encapsulated by aggregated myosin, which made the protein binding tighter and more beneficial to the formation of gel. Moreover, strength and water holding capacity of heat‐induced myosin gels containing starch were significantly higher than that of pure myosin. Starch, especially HACS, could induce myosin aggregation before heating gelatinisation and promote myosin self‐assembly at low temperature, which may be conducive to forming a higher quality gel after heating.
One‐step triplex high‐resolution melting (HRM) analysis for rapid identification of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), Alaska pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)
Authors: Chen Xiaoye , Fu Mingyang , Xu Wenjie , Huang Manhong , Cui Xiaowen , Cao Min , Xiong Xiaohui , Xiong Xiong 
Published: December 2020

SummaryGadus morhua, Gadus chalcogrammus and Melanogrammus aeglefinus represent the most frequently found Gadiformes species on Chinese market. While the phenotypic similarities and the absence of morphological features after production process make the visual identification a challenging task, paving the way for species mislabelling. The present study aimed to develop a novel one‐step triplex high‐resolution melting (HRM) analysis for rapid authentication of G. morhua, G. chalcogrammus and M. aeglefinus, targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome coxidase I, cytochrome b and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 genes, respectively. Results highlighted high specificity of the designed primers for each species. The triplex HRM assay allowed the full discrimination among G. morhua, G. chalcogrammus and M. aeglefinus, with high levels of confidence. Methodology validation succeeded on commercial products, proving the suitability of the one‐step triplex HRM assay for rapid identification of G. morhua, G. chalcogrammus and M. aeglefinus.
Centennial and millennial‐scale dynamics inAraucaria–Nothofagusforests in the southern Andes
Authors: Dickson Bianca , Fletcher Michael‐Shawn , Hall Tegan L. , Moreno Patricio I. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimTo assess the relative roles of long‐term (millennial‐scale) climatic change, fire and volcanic disturbance on the dynamics ofAraucaria–Nothofagusforests of south‐central Chile. Through this analysis, we provide insight into how these iconic ecosystems may respond to future ash‐fall events under anticipated changes to climate and burning regimes.LocationLago Cilantro is a small lake located in south‐central Chile (38°51′36.72 S, 71°17′14.52 W, 1,400 m asl), proximal to several active volcanos within the Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes Mountain range.TaxonAraucaria araucana(Araucariaceae);Nothofagusspp. (Nothofagaceae).MethodsWe developed a continuous 8,700‐year long pollen and charcoal record from Lago Cilantro. We compared these results with proxies of regional climatic change and used a combination of principal component analysis and superposed epoch analysis to test the relationship between tephra deposition and pollen composition.ResultsWe detect a shift in dominance fromAraucaria araucanatoNothofagusspecies between ~8.7 and ~5.5 ka (ka = 1,000 years before present‐1950 CE), in concert with increasing regional precipitation and decreasing local‐scale fire activity. A reversal in this trend occurred after ~4 ka, contemporaneous with a reduction in regional precipitation. Centennial‐scale increases inAraucaria araucanafrom ~0.2 to 0.9 ka, ~5.2 to 4.2 ka and ~8.6 to 7 ka are associated with reductions in fire return intervals. We found 24 tephra layers in this record; tephra >2 cm thickness are associated with short‐term (<100 year) compositional shifts in the pollen spectra, while a single large (255 cm) tephra at ~3 ka is associated with a substantial reduction inNothofagusand no change inAraucaria.Main ConclusionsClimate change drove millennial‐scale shifts inAraucaria–Nothofagusforests and fire regimes near Lago Cilantro. A shortening of the fire return interval is associated with an increase in the importance ofAraucaria, supporting the notion that recurrent fires are required to allow this tree species to compete withNothofagus. Tephra deposition triggered short‐term compositional responses in this system that appears to be overwhelmed by climate and fire at longer time‐scales.Araucaria araucanacan survive and potentially outcompeteNothofagusfollowing the deposition of very thick tephra, thanks to its thick bark and tall canopy (>15 m).
Validity and reliability of the internalized stigma of Mental Illness Scale–Adolescent Form
Authors: Dikeç Gül , Bilaç Öznur , Uzunoğlu Gülçin , Ozan Erol 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeThe goal of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale–Adolescent Form (ISMI‐AF).MethodsA total of 145 adolescents (12–18 years of age) who were diagnosed with at least one mental disorder according to DSM‐5‐TR participated in the study. Data were collected at a mental health hospital between October 2017 and 2019 using a sociodemographic information form, the ISMI‐AF, and Beliefs towards Mental Illness (BMI) Scale. Reliability (Cronbach's alpha, Split–Half, Spearman–Brown, Hotelling T2 test) and validity analyses of the ISMI‐AF were performed. SPSS 26.0 and LISREL 8.80 software were used for statistical analyses.ResultsThe Cronbach's alpha coefficient for total score was .88, Split–Half score was .84, and the Spearman–Brown factor score was .85. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale confirmed to the five‐factor structure in adolescents, but factor loadings and reliability coefficients were low in the “stigma resistance” subscale. There was a positive and weak correlation between ISMI‐AF and BMI (r = .37, p = .00).ConclusionThe ISMI‐AF is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used in adolescents. This scale can help psychiatric nurses who work in this field identify and address internalized stigma, which is one of the key factors affecting adherence to treatment, especially in adolescents.
Evaluation of the technological potential of four wastes from Amazon fruit industry in glucose and ethanol production
Authors: de Oliveira Johnatt Allan Rocha , da Conceição Adriene Carvalho , da Silva Martins Luiza Helena , Moreira Débora Kono Taketa , Passos Marcele Fonseca , Komesu Andrea 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe diversity of fruits existing in the Amazon region has been extensively explored by local agroindustry, causing an increase in the volume of agro‐industrial wastes and generating the need to create ways not yet applied to use these materials as alternatives for their management. Using four different wastes from the Amazon fruit industry (Acerola fruit bagasse, Pupunha peels, and clusters and mango peels) the technological potential production of glucose and ethanol was investigated in a lab‐scale. An experimental design Type 22 was conducted to evaluate pretreatment with H2SO4 1%, ranging time (30–90 min), and a load of solids (5%–15%). The pretreated material was hydrolyzed with 15 FPU/g of Celluclast 1.5L from Trichoderma reesei and hydrolysates were fermented using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The yields of ethanol and glucose were analyzed by HPLC. The wastes demonstrate the amount of lignocellulose ranging from 34.24 to 76.87%. Celluclast 1.5L was able to hydrolyze and produce glucose, ranging 0.78–1.95 g/L for acerola bagasse, 0.41–1.65 g/L for pupunha cluster, 2.56–4.50 g/L for the mango peel, and 0.55–1.09 g/L for the pupunha peel. Ethanol concentrations reached were 3.5–4.6 g/L, with 90.01 g ethanol/g glucose for the percentage of the theoretical maximum ethanol yield. The best results were obtained for mango peels waste for most fermentation parameters.Practical ApplicationsWastes of the Amazonian fruit culture demonstrate the presence of a large quantity of lignocellulosic material, which can be used in the production of value‐added products like glucose and ethanol. In this study, the pretreatment of the wastes with diluted sulfuric acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of the resulting material was conducted to evaluate the potential for glucose release and ethanol production from Amazonian waste. The studies will be useful for fruit waste management in northern of Brazil and adding value to the supply chain of the fruits involved.
Helping While Competing? The Complex Effects of Competitive Climates on the Prosocial Identity and Performance Relationship
Authors: David Emily M. , Kim Tae‐Yeol , Rodgers Matt , Chen Tingting 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntegrating notions of coopetition with social information processing theory, we build and test a theoretical model that explains the paradox that arises when prosocial identifying employees work in competitive climates. Sampling 406 subordinates nested within 91 supervisors over two time‐points, we show that the relationship between prosocial identity and interpersonal helping is stronger when competitive climate is low rather than high. We also find that competitive team climate positively relates to instrumental helping motives (i.e., helping others to gain something in return). In addition, instrumental helping motives significantly moderate the linkage between interpersonal helping and job performance as well as the indirect effect of prosocial identity on job performance via interpersonal helping such that the main and indirect effects became weaker as instrumental helping motives increased. Overall, our findings reveal new insights into how prosocial identifiers incorporate information from social cues to strike a balance between cooperation and competition.
Physiological responses of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) seedlings to seawater and flooding
Authors: Du Baoguo , Ma Yuhua , Yáñez‐Serrano Ana Maria , Arab Leila , Fasbender Lukas , Alfarraj Saleh , Albasher Gadah , Hedrich Rainer , White Philip J. , Werner Christiane , Rennenberg Heinz 
Published: December 2020

Summary

In their natural environment along coast lines, date palms are exposed to seawater inundation and, hence, combined stress by salinity and flooding.

To elucidate the consequences of this combined stress on foliar gas exchange and metabolite abundances in leaves and roots, date palm seedlings were exposed to flooding with seawater and its major constituents under controlled conditions.

Seawater flooding significantly reduced CO2 assimilation, transpiration and stomatal conductance, but did not affect isoprene emission. A similar effect was observed upon NaCl exposure. By contrast, flooding with distilled water or MgSO4 did not affect CO2/H2O gas exchange or stomatal conductance significantly, indicating that neither flooding itself, nor seawater sulfate, contributed greatly to stomatal closure. Seawater exposure increased Na and Cl contents in leaves and roots, but did not affect sulfate contents significantly. Metabolite analyses revealed reduced abundances of foliar compatible solutes, such as sugars and sugar alcohols, whereas nitrogen compounds accumulated in roots.

Reduced transpiration upon seawater exposure may contribute to controlling the movement of toxic ions to leaves and, therefore, can be seen as a mechanism to cope with salinity. The present results indicate that date palm seedlings are tolerant towards seawater exposure to some extent, and highly tolerant to flooding.
Obesogenic environment and childhood obesity
Authors: Jia Peng 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe increasing prevalence of obesity in youth has contributed to the growing global burden of chronic diseases (e.g. diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancers), which has been largely accounted for by obesogenic behaviours and environments. Previous studies have focused on the influences on obesity of multidimensional environmental indicators, which have mixed effects, for example, built environmental factors, food environmental factors and neighbourhood safety. After a thorough search of all databases, I found a limited body of reviews on the associations of basic environmental factors. A basic environmental factor, from a perspective of geographic information systems, is an indicator constructed by only one‐step spatial function, without ambiguous effects on obesity. In contrast to basic obesogenic environmental factors, an example of mixed environmental factor is neighbourhood safety, which is a complex measure of night light, crime rate, traffic volume, speed limit, smoothness of roads and many other factors of injury. Without a sufficient, up‐to‐date understanding of the roles of basic obesogenic environmental factors in obesity, the uncertainties will propagate and lead to more uncertainties in the association between indicators and obesity.
Comparative characterization of sun exposed and sun protected skin‐derived mesenchymal‐like stem cells in variegate porphyria and healthy individuals
Authors: Safi Rémi , Malek Elie , Nemer Georges , Sayed Reem , Eid Edward , Khalil Samar , Nasser Nourhane , Abbas Ossama , Mohsen‐Kanson Tala , Kurban Mazen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and purposeWe hypothesized that upon sun exposure, a sub‐population of primary skin–derived mesenchymal‐like cells is deleteriously affected and thus contribute to the chronic inflammatory state in autosomal recessive variegate porphyria patients. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the mesenchymal‐like stem cells from different areas of the skin in a porphyria patient (sun exposed, SE, and sun protected, SP) and to compare them with cells from a healthy individual.MethodsThe proliferation rate and the migration ability of SE and SP cells were evaluated in the presence of an antioxidant compound, N‐acetylcysteine. A co‐culture of SE‐damaged cells with the conditioned medium from the enriched mesenchymal cell—like SP population was performed in order to regenerate the dermal injured tissue after sun exposure in patients.ResultsResults showed that the percentage of CD105+ cells varies between 3.9% in SP and 5% in SE of the healthy individual and between 3.6% and 1.4% in SP and SE in the porphyria patient, respectively. The osteogenic differentiation potential was lower in the porphyria patient when compared to the control. Furthermore, the expression of stem cell markers was more pronounced in SE than in SP cells of both control and porphyria. The use of N‐acetyl cysteine did not show any beneficial effects on porphyria SE cells. Treatment with SP‐conditioned medium slightly increased the expression of stem cell markers in SE of porphyria patient.ConclusionIn conclusion, the pool of mesenchymal stem—like SE cells is affected in variegate porphyria patient along with modification of their self‐renewal and differentiation properties.
Effects of 5‐Aza‐2'‐deoxycytidine on hormone secretion and epigenetic regulation in sika deer ovarian granulosa cells
Authors: Chen Xiumin , Xing Mingjie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract5‐Aza‐2'‐deoxycytidine (5‐Aza‐dC), an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases, is an effective treatment for various cancers and has improved the development rate of cloned embryos. Previous studies have reported the effect of 5‐Aza‐dC on fibroblasts; however, the mechanism whereby 5‐Aza‐dC affects sika deer granulosa cells and hormone secretion is presently unknown. Here, we showed that the cell cycle after treatment with different doses of 5‐Aza‐dC was significantly altered. The number of cells in the S phase was significantly increased in response to a concentration of 0.1 μM 5‐Aza‐dC. The rate of apoptosis was increased when cells were treated with 0.1 μM and 5 μM 5‐Aza‐dC. We showed that the protein level of H3K9me2 was significantly decreased in response to 5‐Aza‐dC. The activity levels of DNA methyltransferase were reduced by a moderate dose of 5‐Aza‐dC. Furthermore, the secretion of E2 and P4 was influenced by different doses of 5‐Aza‐dC. Our study suggested that 5‐Aza‐dC affected hormone secretion in sika deer granulosa cells through cell development and epigenetic regulation. The findings of this study lay the foundation for further epigenetic studies in sika deer.
Reliability and Convergent Validity of Self-Reported Physical Activity Questionnaires for People With Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: de Oliveira Tavares Vagner Deuel , Galvão-Coelho Nicole Leite , Firth Joseph , Rosenbaum Simon , Stubbs Brendon , Smith Lee , Vancampfort Davy , Schuch Felipe Barreto 
Published: December 2020

Purpose: To examine the reliability and convergent validity of self-reported questionnaires (SRQs) to measure physical activity (PA). Methods: Systematic review with meta-analysis. The validity and reliability of SRQs to assess PA in people with mental disorders (January 20, 2020). Random-effects meta-analyses were performed pooling (1) test–retest correlations or (2) the convergent validity between the SRQs and objective measures (eg, accelerometry). Associations were provided in r values with the 95% confidence interval. Methodological quality was assessed. Results: A total of 9 unique studies (N = 1344; 40.5% females) were included. The authors found a moderate correlation test–retest reliability for PA SRQs in the assessment of vigorous PA (r = .69 [.38 to .85]; P = .001), moderate to vigorous PA (r = .63 [.25 to .84]; P = .003), moderate PA (r = .63 [.39 to .79]; P = .001), and good correlation total PA (r = .75 [.37 to .92]; P = .001). The SRQs have moderate correlations with objective measures for moderate to vigorous PA (r = .25 [.18 to .32]; P = .0001) and total PA (r = .47 [.28 to .62]; P = .005), a poor correlation for moderate PA (r = .18 [.03 to .36]; P = .047), and no correlation with vigorous PA (r = .06 [−.10 to .22]; P = .440). Conclusion: Current evidence indicates that SRQs are reliable over time to assess moderate, vigorous, and total PA levels and valid when assessing moderate PA.
Chinese Stroke Association guidelines for clinical management of cerebrovascular disorders: executive summary and 2019 update of clinical management of intracerebral haemorrhage
Authors: Cao Yong , Yu Songlin , Zhang Qian , Yu Tao , Liu Yanfang , Sun Zhenghui , Zhao Meng , Wang Wen , Zhao Ji Zong 
Published: December 2020

AimThis evidence-based guideline aims to present current and comprehensive recommendations for the diagnosis and management of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH).MethodsA formal literature search was conducted on MEDLINE (1 January 1990 to 30 June 2019). Data were synthesised using evidence tables. The members of the working group met by teleconference to update and formulate data-based recommendations. The recommendations are graded according to levels of evidence grading algorithm of the Chinese Stroke Association. The guideline draft has been reviewed by Chinese Stroke Association Stroke Council Guideline Writing Committee.ResultsEvidence-based guideline is proposed for the management of patients with ICH. The focus of the guideline is divided into the diagnosis and aetiology of ICH, management of ICH in emergency department, surgical treatment for removal of hematoma, management of complications and prevention of secondary ICH.ConclusionsThis guideline provides a framework for ICH management. Early active and reasonable treatment may improve the clinical outcome of patients.