bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles supported on highly ordered Biphenylene-Bridged Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica
Authors: Khikmah A M , Krisnandi Y K , Abdullah I 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Biphenylene-Bridged Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica (Bph-PMO) has been successfully synthesized using sol-gel method in the presence of Octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (ODTMABr) surfactant as a template. Furthermore, Bph-PMO has been functionalized using amine (NH2-Bph-PMO) in a two-step reaction, comprising nitration using HNO3 65% / H2SO4 96% and reduction with SnCl2 / HCl 37%. The white powder of Bph-PMO and the pale yellow powder of NH2-BPh-PMO were characterized using FTIR, XRD, and TEM. Bph-PMO and NH2-Bph-PMO showed long order periodicity between 2θ from 7.5-38.0 (7.5°, 14.9°, 22.5°, 30.1°, and 38.0°). The SEM images confirmed that all materials have uniform spherical morphology. Impregnation and reduction of silver nanoparticles in NH2-Bph-PMO have been carried out using AgNO3 as a precursor and NaBH4 as a reducing agent. The TEM characterization showed that the structure of NH2-Bph-PMO material is confirmed to have a hexagonal mesoporous structure with molecular periodicity. While in Ag/NH2-Bph-PMO has homogeneous particle size distribution of 240-280 nm. The crystalline size of silver nanoparticles on the surface of NH2-Bph-PMO calculated using the Debye-Scherrer equation is 8.05 nm. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption showed NH2-Bph-PMO and Ag/NH2-Bph-PMO were classified into mesoporous materials with pore diameters of 3.3 nm and 3.2 nm, respectively.
Sol-gel synthesis and photocatalytic activity of biomimetic calcium manganese oxide catalysts
Authors: Setyarini W , Nurhayati  , Dewi N , Anggraini R , Siregar S S , Amiruddin E , Awaluddin A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The water contaminations by dye residues are increasingly becoming serious concerns worldwide due to dye toxicity and persistent characteristics. Manganese oxide-based catalysts having similar structures with manganese compounds found in nature (biomimetic) have been considered as a very promising and effective photocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutions in wastewater. This paper focuses on the synthesis of calcium manganese oxide catalysts from the octahedral layered birnessite-type manganese oxide and calcium carbonate via sol-gel method with citric acid as the complexing agent. The as-synthesized oxide was then tested as a photocatalyst for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye. The calcium manganese oxides prepared by the two different mole ratios of CaCO3/MnO2 resulted in the similar crystallinity and crystal phases but difference in the crystal sizes. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared calcium manganese oxides for the degradation of methylene blue are compared to that of the calcium manganese oxide prepared from tunnel cryptomelane-type manganese oxide. Both the calcium manganese oxides prepared from the different manganese oxide phases show the remarkable performance for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue after 10 minutes of reaction times. The birnessite-prepared calcium manganese oxide displays slightly higher photocatalytic performance than cryptomelane-prepared calcium manganese oxide.
Synthesis of indium sulfide photoanode, its characterization and application for degradation of methylene blue and methyl orange
Authors: Gunawan  , Haris A , Septina W 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The researches on methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) destructions were carried out using indium sulfide (In2S3) photoanode in photoelectrocatalytic system. It consisted of In2S3 thin film as an anode synthesized by chemical bath deposition (CBD) on FTO and platinum as a cathode. Characterization with EDX showed the presence of In2S3 with a composition close to In2S3 for 10 min deposition. The In2S3 band gap measurement was obtained 2.49 eV. Photocurrent measurement revealed that In2S3 had n-type semiconductor property. The application of In2S3 thin film as photoanode in a photoelectrocatalytic cell for MB and MO treatments gave degradation’s yields ca. 71 and 55 %, respectively, under illumination with a 20 watt UV lamp, a bias voltage of 0.5 V for 150 min and with sample concentration of 25 mg/L.
The potency of Hibiscus tiliaceus leaves as antioxidant and anticancer agents via induction of apoptosis against MCF-7 cells
Authors: Andriani Y , Sababathy M , Amir H , Sarjono PR , Syamsumir DF , Sugiwati S , Kassim MNI 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Hibiscus tiliaceus is one of the herbal medicines that have been used as traditional medicine for a long time. Antioxidant and anticancer potencies of this plant have reported by some researchers. However, there are no studies reported on antioxidant and anticancer potencies of H. tiliaceus leaves collected from Terengganu-Malaysia, especially against breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Different solvents in the extraction process and different sampling areas were chosen in this study compared to other studies. These could affect the chemicals content of H. tiliaeus leaves as well as on their bioactivities. Hence, the objectives of this study were to investigate the antioxidant and anticancer potencies of H. tiliaceus leaves from Terengganu, Malaysia, against MCF-7. The sample was extracted by solvent-solvent partitioning using hexane and ethyl acetate. Antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties were carried out by DPPH free radical scavenging activity and MTT, respectively. The morphological features were stained by Annexin-V/PI and DAPI. Results revealed that H. tiliaceus leaves exhibited strong DPPH free radical scavenging and cytotoxic activities against MCF-7. Morphological features showed the cells were put to death by both early and late apoptosis. Our results found that H. tiliaceus leaves have potency as antioxidant and anticancer agents against MCF-7 cells.
The effect of leaching agent on molecularly imprinted membrane urea transport process based on polyeugenoxy acetic acid
Authors: Djunaidi M C , Wahyuni T , Lusiana R A , Widodo D S , Pardoyo  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Research on membrane synthesis as a hemodialysis membrane candidate has been carried out with molecular imprinting technique using MIM (Molecularly Imprinted Membrane) based on polyeugenoxy acetic acid. Polieugenoxy acetic acid was obtained from the synthesis of eugenol derivatives. This research aims to produce a selective urea membrane based on polyeugenoxy acetic acid for hemodialysis process and to know the effect of different leaching agents in the template release in the transport test. Polyeugenoxy acetic acid that has been bound with urea was mixed with Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA), a crosslinking agent for Poly Ethylene Glycol Diglycidyl Ether (PEGDE), and N-Methyl 2 Pyrrolidone solvent (NMP) to form the hydrogel. The hydrogel was then dissolved by NMP to make a membrane. The process of releasing the urea template used ethanol and HCl to obtain urea MIM (Molecularly Imprinted Membrane) and transports was done to find out the difference in membrane transportability. The polymer base and urea MIM obtained were characterized using FTIR, SEM-EDX, and TGA / DTA, while urea MIM was used to transport urea, creatinine, and vitamin B12 through the transport process and was analyzed by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. The results obtained are that MIM has better transports results than NIM. The percentage of transport of urea, creatinine, and vitamin B12 by MIM membranes is 45.02%; 33.63%; 14.28%, and the percentage of transport of urea, creatinine, and vitamin B12 by NIM membranes was 43.36%; 27.42%; 9.9%. In addition, there is an influence of eluent variations (leaching agent) on the transport of urea, creatinine, and vitamin B12, where the optimum transport results are shown in washing using HCl eluents. Percentage of urea transport by membrane washed with eluent variations of HCl, Ethanol, and Aquadest was 45.02%; 40.12%; 39.17%, the percentage of creatinine transport in HCl, Ethanol, and Aquadest variations was 47.03%; 44.2%; 36.6%, and the percentage of vitamin B12 transport in the HCl, Ethanol and Aquadest variations respectively was 8.87%; 18.27%; 3.65%.
Application of coconut oil from Ben Tre Province (Vietnam) as the main detergent for body wash products
Authors: Ngan T T K , Hien T T , Quyen N T C , Anh P N Q , Nhan L T H , Cang M H , Nhat D D , Phuc N D , Bach L G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Coconut oil is considered the active ingredient as a moisturizer used by many people in tropical regions. At the same time, coconut oil can improve the symptoms of skin disorders by moisturizing and soothing the skin. A body washes formula that contains coconut oil based on the saponification process is formulated through an appropriate content survey. The combination of auxiliary substances such as detergent, foaming agent, moisturizing agent, preservative was also conducted to evaluate different concentrations. Products are assessed and visually observed for appearance, viscosity, pH value, stability, and durability when stored. The body wash formula was found to be white and pearl luster was visually observed. Products using 20% crude soap content, 5% detergent (SLES), 3% glycerin, etc. have all been tested to show good physico-chemical properties in terms of pH value and viscosity, as well as no irritation, upon skin contact. Research shows that coconut oil body wash formulas with good physico-chemical properties can be developed into new body wash cosmetic products.
Development and evaluation of shampoo products based on coconut oil source from Ben Tre Province (Vietnam)
Authors: Ngan T T K , Hien T T , Nhan L T H , Cang M H , Danh P H , Phuc N D , Bach L G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In order to enhance the use of coconut oil through its application in personal care products, shampoos formulated with simple soap act as the leading detergent with a 20% content and ingredients other commercial components such as Sodium Lauryl Ether Sulfate, Plantacare 2000, Glycerin, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, etc. A combination of 20% crude soap and a synthetic active substance synthesizing sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) 5% make up the excellent shampoo recipe with cleansing feature. Ingredients of complementary detergents, moisturizers, and smoothing softeners are supplemented with appropriate levels to improve raw soap’s disadvantages. Foamability and foam durability are selected targets to examine the influence of ingredients in the formula. The sensory elements of the product reach the set goals with an average evaluation score of about 4/5. Thereby, shampoo products penetrate the cosmetic market and attract many consumers in the future.
Hydrolysis of sorghum starch to glucose using organic acid catalyst from rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)
Authors: Riniati  , Abdulloh S H , Fauziyah R H , Istiqomaturohmah  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Highly starch content in sorghum seed has a high potential raw material for the sorghum fluor to be a raw material of liquid sugar known as glucose syrup. The syrup is usually produced through enzymatically or chemically hydrolysis using a strong acid. In this study, sorghum starch is hydrolyzed chemically using a catalyst of organic acids extracted from roselle flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). The goal of the study is to produce glucose syrup free from chemical agents so as generally recognized as safe (GRAS). Rosella flowers are known to contain high amounts of organic acids such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, and hibiscus acid. Apart from having natural acid content, rosella flowers also contain vitamins (ascorbic acid) and are rich in natural red pigment dyes from the anthocyanins that can be an added value for the glucose syrup products. Organic acid extraction of dried rosella flowers was carried out at a temperature of 100°C for 30 minutes in a water bath and filtered. The resulting acid extract then determined the value of the total titrated acid (TTA) by the acid-base titration method. Sorghum starch is prepared by mixing sorghum flour with distilled water and then cooled at 4°C for 12 hours. Starch is obtained from the dried filtrate to obtain a water content of <14%. The starch hydrolysis process with rosella flower extract was carried out in several variations, namely the hydrolysis time of 1 - 4 hours, the TTA concentration of rosella 4 - 16%. Meanwhile, the temperature and stirring speed were fixed at 96°C and 200 rpm. The resulting glucose levels were analyzed by the spectrophotometric method. From this research, the result shows that the best sorghum starch hydrolysis condition was obtained at the addition of 16% acid extract for 180 minutes which gave 13.83% of glucose yield
Interaction of mutant PBP2a and bioactive compounds from Streptomyces with anti-MRSA activities
Authors: Laksono A , Asnani A , Iswanto P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the leading cause of nosocomial infections in hospitals. Treatment of MRSA infection using ceftaroline has been reported to be resistant due to mutations in the Penicillin Binding Protein (PBP)2a. In silico’s approach through virtual screening can analyze the bioactive compounds that can bind effectively to mutant PBP2a. The potential source of bioactive compounds with anti-MRSA activities is Streptomyces, which is the main antibiotic-producing bacteria. Thus, the study aimed to analyze the interactions of PBP2a/mutant PBP2a against ceftaroline and the interactions between mutant PBP2a against bioactive compounds from Streptomyces. The protein receptors were PBP2a (PDB 3ZG0) and mutant PBP2a (PDB 4CPK). The ligands used were ceftaroline (CID 9852981) as control and nine bioactive compounds produced by Streptomyces. Protein preparation and visualization used Discovery Studio, ligand preparation used Marvin, and molecular docking used Autodock4. The alignment results showed that mutant PBP2a has a more extended amino acid sequence (643 amino acids) than PBP2a (641 amino acids). The mutations that occurred in mutant PBP2a caused conformation changes in the active site of mutant PBP2a so that the interaction between ceftaroline and mutant PBP2a decreased. The virtual screening results indicated that 1-acetyl-β-carboline was the most potent compound as anti-MRSA with the lowest binding energy (-7.12 Kcal/mol) compared to ceftaroline (-6.32 Kcal/mol). The amino acids involved in the binding of 1-acetyl-β-carboline with PBP2a mutant were Ser403, Ser461, Asn464, Thr600; Ser462, Tyr446, and Ala642. This result suggests that 1-acetyl-β-carboline has better interaction with mutant PBP2a, hence might serve as a potential anti-MRSA compound.
The agronomic performance and artemisinin content of colchicine-induced polyploid genotypes Artemisia cina
Authors: Herawati M M , Pudjihartati E , Kurnia T D , Setiawan A W 
Published: October 2020

AbstractArtemisinin is a secondary metabolite contained in the potential genus Artemisia as an antimalarial.Artemisia cinaBerg ex Poljakov is a species from Artemisia that grows as a weed in Indonesia and contains artemisinin. The problem is that the artemisinin content inA. cinais minimal. The efforts must be made to increase the content. Clone improvement through breeding through genetic manipulation and enhancement of technical culture are the strategies that can use to improve the artemisinin content ofA. cina. The purpose of this study was to determine the agronomic performance of nineA. cinapolyploid genotypes (genotypes A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I) obtained from polyploidy induction using colchicines. The results of this study showed that leaf area and chlorophyll content were not significantly different among genotypes. In contrast, shoot dry weight, and plant height showed that I genotype was significantly higher than other genotypes. Glandular trichomes density of genotype was more elevated than different genotypes. Genotypes F, H, I had high artemisinin content compared to other genotypes. The genotype I showed higher artemisinin weight than other genotypes.
Foraging aggressiveness determines trophic niche in a generalist biological control species
Authors: Michalko Radek , Gibbons Alastair T , Goodacre Sara L , Pekár Stano 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThere is a growing evidence that consistent interindividual differences in behavior, that is, behavioral types, can play an important role in key ecological processes such as predator–prey interactions, which in turn can have direct implications on biological control. Behavioral types of generalist predators may affect these interactions through individual differences in predators’ prey preferences and the breadth of predators’ trophic niches. This study examined how the multivariate nature of behavior, namely foraging aggressiveness, activity level, and risk-taking behavior, determines prey selection and trophic niche of the generalist agrobiont spider Philodromus cespitum. In laboratory experiments, we determined the repeatability of these behaviors and the preference between crickets, moths, fruit flies, and collembolans. We found that all three behaviors were moderately to strongly repeatable but there were no correlations between them, thus they did not form a behavioral syndrome. Only foraging aggressiveness influenced the prey selection of philodromid spiders and the more aggressive individuals had wider trophic niches because they incorporated prey that were more difficult to capture in their diet. In addition, more aggressive individuals killed a greater quantity of particular prey types while other prey types were killed at a similar rate by both aggressive and nonaggressive individuals. The differences in philodromids’ foraging aggressiveness, therefore, affected not only the overall prey density but also resulted in different prey community composition. As pest density and composition can both affect crop performance, further research needs to investigate how the interindividual behavioral differences of generalist natural enemies cascade down on the crops.
Pan-cancer analysis of NLRP3 inflammasome with potential implications in prognosis and immunotherapy in human cancer
Authors: Ju Mingyi , Bi Jia , Wei Qian , Jiang Longyang , Guan Qiutong , Zhang Ming , Song Xinyue , Chen Ting , Fan Jingyi , Li Xiaojuan , Wei Minjie , Zhao Lin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
NLRP3 inflammasome was introduced as a double-edged sword in tumorigenesis and influenced immunotherapy response by modulating host immunity. However, a systematic assessment of the NLRP3-inflammasome-related genes across human cancers is lacking, and the predictive role of NLRP3 inflammasome in cancer immunotherapy (CIT) response remains unexplored. Thus, in this study, we performed a pan-cancer analysis of NLRP3-inflammasome-related genes across 24 human cancers. Out of these 24 cancers, 15 cancers had significantly different expression of NLRP3-inflammasome-related genes between normal and tumor samples. Meanwhile, Cox regression analysis showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome score could be served as an independent prognostic factor in skin cutaneous melanoma. Further analysis indicated that NLRP3 inflammasome may influence tumor immunity mainly by mediating tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophages, and the effect of NLRP3 inflammasome on immunity is diverse across tumor types in tumor microenvironment. We also found that the NLRP3 inflammasome score could be a stronger predictor for immune signatures compared with tumor mutation burden (TMB) and glycolytic activity, which have been reported as immune predictors. Furthermore, analysis of the association between NLRP3 inflammasome and CIT response using six CIT response datasets revealed the predictive value of NLRP3 inflammasome for immunotherapy response of patients in diverse cancers. Our study illustrates the characterization of NLRP3 inflammasome in multiple cancer types and highlights its potential value as a predictive biomarker of CIT response, which can pave the way for further investigation of the prognostic and therapeutic potentials of NLRP3 inflammasome.
MEScan: a powerful statistical framework for genome-scale mutual exclusivity analysis of cancer mutations
Authors: Liu Sisheng , Liu Jinpeng , Xie Yanqi , Zhai Tingting , Hinderer Eugene W , Stromberg Arnold J , Vanderford Nathan L , Kolesar Jill M , Moseley Hunter N B , Chen Li , Liu Chunming , Wang Chi 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

Motivation
Cancer somatic driver mutations associated with genes within a pathway often show a mutually exclusive pattern across a cohort of patients. This mutually exclusive mutational signal has been frequently used to distinguish driver from passenger mutations and to investigate relationships among driver mutations. Current methods for de novo discovery of mutually exclusive mutational patterns are limited because the heterogeneity in background mutation rate can confound mutational patterns, and the presence of highly mutated genes can lead to spurious patterns. In addition, most methods only focus on a limited number of pre-selected genes and are unable to perform genome-wide analysis due to computational inefficiency.

Results
We introduce a statistical framework, MEScan, for accurate and efficient mutual exclusivity analysis at the genomic scale. Our framework contains a fast and powerful statistical test for mutual exclusivity with adjustment of the background mutation rate and impact of highly mutated genes, and a multi-step procedure for genome-wide screening with the control of false discovery rate. We demonstrate that MEScan more accurately identifies mutually exclusive gene sets than existing methods and is at least two orders of magnitude faster than most methods. By applying MEScan to data from four different cancer types and pan-cancer, we have identified several biologically meaningful mutually exclusive gene sets.

Availability and implementation
MEScan is available as an R package at https://github.com/MarkeyBBSRF/MEScan.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The Open-Specimen Movement
Authors: Colella Jocelyn P , Stephens Ryan B , Campbell Mariel L , Kohli Brooks A , Parsons Danielle J , Mclean Bryan S 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe open-science movement seeks to increase transparency, reproducibility, and access to scientific data. As primary data, preserved biological specimens represent records of global biodiversity critical to research, conservation, national security, and public health. However, a recent decrease in specimen preservation in public biorepositories is a major barrier to open biological science. As such, there is an urgent need for a cultural shift in the life sciences that normalizes specimen deposition in museum collections. Museums embody an open-science ethos and provide long-term research infrastructure through curation, data management and security, and community-wide access to samples and data, thereby ensuring scientific reproducibility and extension. We propose that a paradigm shift from specimen ownership to specimen stewardship can be achieved through increased open-data requirements among scientific journals and institutional requirements for specimen deposition by funding and permitting agencies, and through explicit integration of specimens into existing data management plan guidelines and annual reporting.
In Their Own Words: Alan Covich
Authors: Verdier James M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In Their Own Words chronicles the stories of scientists who have made great contributions to their fields. These short histories provide our readers a way to learn from and share their experiences. Each month, we will publish in the pages of BioScience and on our podcast, BioScience Talks (http://bioscienceaibs.libsyn.com), the results of these conversations. This history is with Dr. Alan Covich, Professor of Ecology at the Odum School of Ecology, at the University of Georgia. He is also a past president of AIBS.
Note: Both the text and audio versions have been edited for clarity and length.