bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lowering blood sugar levels with kersen leaf stew (muntingia calabura l) and black onion (alium sativum) extract in mice (mus musculus)
Authors: Sumarliyah Eni , Nasrullah Dede , . Sukadiono , Pankyano Desta 
Published: March 2020

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by an increase in blood sugar levels. Blood sugar levels in patients with DM are mostly challenging to control, and this will threaten the occurrence of complications. Alternative therapies used are active flavonoids in reducing blood glucose. The purpose of this study was to analyze the decrease in blood sugar levels by administering cherry leaves stew and black onions to mice (mus musculus). The design of this study was the Quasy Experimental design (pretest-posttest with control group design). The sample in this study was 32 mice, 16 in the intervention group, and 16 comparison groups. There are independent variables (Kersen Leaf Stew and Black Onion Extract) and the dependent variable (Blood Glucose Level). The data were collected using an observation sheet, then analyzed using the independent sample T-test and Kolmogorov Smirnov test. The results of this study showed that the pre and post administration of cherry leaf decoction was 36.5 mg/dl, and the difference between pre and post administration of black onion extract was 24.3 mg/dl. While the analysis showed p = value 0.98, it showed no difference in the effectiveness of the two extracts in reducing blood sugar levels in mice. Obtained comparative test results from the two extracts were equally effective in lowering blood sugar in mice. Thus further research needs to be done with more samples.Â Â
Does a change in quality control results influence the sensitivity of an anti-HCV test?
Authors: Dimech Wayne J. , Vincini Giuseppe A. , Cabuang Liza M. , Wieringa Megan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Laboratories use quality control (QC) testing to monitor the extent of normal variation. Assay lot number changes contribute the greatest amount of variation in infectious disease serology testing. An unexpected change in six lots of an anti-HCV assay allowed the determination of the effect these lot changes made to the assay’s clinical sensitivity.

Methods
Two sets of seroconversion samples comprising of 44 individual samples and 9 external quality assessment scheme (EQAS) samples, all positive to anti-HCV, were tested in affected and unaffected assay lots, and the difference in the quantitative and qualitative results of the samples was analyzed.

Results
Of 44 low-positive seroconversion samples tested in affected and unaffected assay lots, only three samples had results reported below the assay cutoff when tested on two of the six affected assay lot. A further sample had results below the cutoff for only one affected lot. None of the EQAS samples reported false-negative results. Samples having a signal to cutoff value of less than 6.0 generally had lower results in the affected lots compared with the unaffected lots.

Conclusions
Unexpected changes in QC reactivity related to variation, in particular assay lot changes, may affect patient results. This study demonstrated that QConnect Limits facilitated the detection of an unexpectedly large variation in QC test results, allowed for the identification of the root cause of the change, and showed that the risk associated with the change was low but credible. The use of evidence-based QC program is essential to detect changes in test systems.
Full-Scale CFD Modeling of Multiphase Flow Distribution in a Packed-bed Absorber with Structured Packing Mellapak 250Y
Authors: Basha Omar M. , Wang Rui , Gamwo Isaac K. , Siefert Nicholas S. , Morsi Badie I. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA full-scale multi-environment Eulerian CFD model for a countercurrent packed-bed absorber with structured packing Mellapak 250Y was built in ANSYS Fluent 2019 R1 in order to model CO2capture using physical solvents. The objective of the model is to predict the overall absorber gas-liquid internal flow profiles within the complex packing geometry, while accurately predicting the hydrodynamic parameters, such as liquid holdup and pressure drop. The gas-solid and gas-liquid drag coefficients were fitted and validated using the following experimental data by Green et al. (2006. “Hydraulic Characterization of Structured Packing via X-ray Computed Tomography”; 2007. “Novel Application of X-ray Computed Tomography: Determination of Gas/liquid Contact Area and Liquid Holdup in Structured Packing.”Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research46: 5734–53.): dry pressure drop, irrigated pressure drop, and liquid holdup. The validated CFD model was used to study the effect of liquid distributor design on the liquid distribution in the absorber using three distributors provided with seven, thirteen, and twenty orifices of 0.2 mm diameter. The CFD model predictions revealed that the distributor with the largest number of orifices resulted in the least liquid maldistribution in the absorber, which led to increasing the overall CO2absorption efficiency in Selexol as a physical solvent. Also, the overall CO2absorption efficiency decreased with increasing the superficial liquid velocity due to the shorter contact times between CO2and Selexol in the absorber at higher superficial liquid velocities.
Large-scale graph generation: Recent results of the SPP 1736 – Part II
Authors: Meyer Ulrich , Penschuck Manuel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The selection of input data is a crucial step in virtually every empirical study. Experimental campaigns in algorithm engineering, experimental algorithmics, network analysis, and many other fields often require suited network data. In this context, synthetic graphs play an important role, as data sets of observed networks are typically scarce, biased, not sufficiently understood, and may pose logistic and legal challenges. Just like processing huge graphs becomes challenging in the big data setting, new algorithmic approaches are necessary to generate such massive instances efficiently. Here, we update our previous survey [35] on results for large-scale graph generation obtained within the DFG priority programme SPP 1736 (Algorithms for Big Data); to this end, we broaden the scope and include recently published results.
Economic Implications of Protecting Regional Reputations
Authors: Winfree Jason A. , McCluskey Jill J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article develops a theoretical model to analyze how policies such as regional labeling, geographic indications, and quality standards affect welfare when firms have a collective reputation corresponding to a region. The tradeoff is between consumer information and protection of the regional names against the effect of supply restriction, which is often considered to be collusive behavior. Regional labeling is found to increase quality for all firms and increases profits for firms in the high-quality producing region, although the effect on profits for firms in the low-quality producing region is ambiguous. Quality standards may also increase quality and profits in all regions, but can also be used as a way to restrict imports if standards are too high. Quotas can also alleviate the collective information problem and increase profits, but does so at the expense of consumers. We argue that clear labeling and achievable standards are preferable to import quotas due to consumer surplus.
Velocity Slip and Entropy Generation Phenomena in Thermal Transport Through Metallic Porous Channel
Authors: Turkyilmazoglu Mustafa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Momentum and thermal transport through open-celled metallic foams filled in a channel of small height is studied in the present technical brief. Fully developed momentum and thermal layers via the Brinkman–Darcy model enable us to obtain closed-form solutions regarding the fluid velocity and temperature distributions of metal and fluid, all depending upon a factor related to the wall slip velocity. A comparative study on the pertinent physical parameters helps us conclude that the wall slip cools the porous channel, enhancing the rate of heat transfer. In addition to this, increasing pore density leads to an effective reduction in the entropy generation number, followed by further reduction with the nonzero slip velocity, except the near-wall regions.
Sensing of Illegal Drugs by Using Photonic Crystal Fiber in Terahertz Regime
Authors: Tahhan Shaymaa Riyadh , Aljobouri Hadeel K. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Stimulant abuse enhances dopamine release, thereby causing increased excitation. Any extent of stimulant abuse can considerably harm the user. Thus, methods of detecting stimulants must be precise, accurate, and reliable. A novel terahertz (THz) photonic crystal fiber with a Topas substrate is designed and rigorously investigated for detecting liquid amphetamine, cocaine, and ketamine. The fiber structure has a pentagonal shape and comprises circular air holes in the core and cladding spatial extents. As shown in finite element simulation, the proposed fiber yields a high relative sensitivity of approximately 80 % when any of the liquid stimulants is infiltrated in the core air holes. At 1 THz operating frequency, the proposed fiber produces a large effective mode area, negligible confinement loss, and extremely low bending and effective material losses. Other THz waveguiding properties, such as core power fraction and total loss, are also studied. Lastly, a positive and negative 2 % fabrication tolerance is set to ensure seamless potential practical realization of the fiber.
Challenges in the management of an ignored cause of hyperammonemic encephalopathy: pyruvate carboxylase deficiency
Authors: Demir Köse Melis , Colak Ruya , Yangin Ergon Ezgi , Kulali Ferit , Yildiz Meral , Alkan Senem , Atilgan Taner , Aslan Fatma , Brown Ruth , Brown Garry , Serdaroğlu Erkin , Çalkavur Sebnem 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPyruvate carboxylase (PC) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disease and provides clinics in three essential phenotypes. Type B PC deficiency is characterized by lactic acidosis and hyperammonemia. We report a Turkish patient who was diagnosed with type B PC deficiency. Despite the application of anaplerotic treatment with biotin, citrate and arginine-aspartate, continuous veno-venous hemodialysis (CVVHD) treatments were applied due to the failure to keep hyperammonemia and lactic acidosis under control. Ammonia values increasing to 860 μmol/L were observed. A homozygous novel variant was detected in PC gene analyses containing a 12-base pair deletion on exon 8. Although the mutation found was not reported previously, it was accepted as a pathogenic variant due to its presence in a functional region of the protein. In type B PC deficiency, although a high level of ammonia is expected, it rarely exceeds 200 μmol/L. As far as we know, the present case has the highest ammonia values in the literature. This paper has been shared to highlight to keep PC deficiency in mind regarding the differential diagnosis of hyperammonemia, particularly in the presence of lactic acidosis, and to serve as a model for the use of different modalities in the management process of PC deficiency.
Cointegrated Dynamics for a Generalized Long Memory Process: Application to Interest Rates
Authors: Asai Manabu , Peiris Shelton , McAleer Michael , Allen David E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Recent developments in econometric methods enable estimation and testing of general long memory processes, which include the general Gegenbauer process. This paper considers the error correction model for a vector general long memory process, which encompasses the vector autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average and general Gegenbauer processes. We modify the tests for unit roots and cointegration, based on the concept of heterogeneous autoregression. The Monte Carlo simulations show that the finite sample properties of the modified tests for unit roots are satisfactory, while the conventional tests suffer from size distortion. The experiments also indicate that the modified tests for cointegration improve the problem of finding too many cointegration relationships which arises for fractionally integrated series. Empirical results for interest rates series for the USA and Australia indicate that: (1) the modified unit root test detected unit roots for all series; (2) after differencing, all series favour the general Gegenbauer (GG) process; (3) the modified test for cointegration found only two cointegrating vectors; and (4) the zero interest rate policy in the USA had no effect on the cointegrating vectors for the two countries.
Perovskite random lasers on fiber facet
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Yan Shaoxin , Tong Junhua , Shi Xiaoyu , Zhang Shuai , Chen Chao , Xiao YueYue , Han Changbao , Zhai Tianrui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Hybrid lead halide perovskites have made great strides in next-generation photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. Random lasers based on perovskite materials have been intensively investigated, but the miniaturization of perovskite random lasers has not been achieved up to now. Here, we report the fabrication of perovskite random lasers based on perovskite films deposited on the optical fiber facets using a dip-coating method. Under optical pumping conditions, random lasing was observed with minimum threshold energy of 32.3 μJ/cm2 at ~550 nm; also, the lasing threshold decreased with increasing diameter of the optical fiber. The results show that the random lasing emission originates from the scattering between the perovskite crystal grains, and the decreased threshold is attributed to the increased active area of the perovskite film. The directionality of perovskite random lasers indicates that the divergence angle of the laser beam is less than 60°. We also demonstrate that the perovskite random laser on the fiber facet can prevent speckle formation and improve image quality. These results may promote the applications of random lasers in compact sources and integrated optoelectronic devices.
Concentration profiles around and chemical composition within growing multicomponent bubble in presence of curvature and viscous effects
Authors: Kuchma Anatoly E. , Shchekin Alexander K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe regularities of changing chemical composition and size of a ultra-small multicomponent gas bubble growing in a viscous solution have been analyzed. The full-scale effects of solution viscosity and bubble curvature at non-stationary diffusion of arbitrary number of dissolved gases with any value of gas supersaturations and solubilities in the surrounding liquid solution have been taken into account. The nonuniform concentration profiles of gas species in supersaturated solution around the growing bubble with changing composition have been found as a function of time and distance from the bubble center. Equations describing transition to stationary concentrations of gases in the bubble with increasing radius have been obtained. Analytic asymptotic solutions of these equations for a ternary system have been presented.
Common issues related to children’s environmental health in the Asia-Pacific region
Authors: Trottier Brittany A. , Settachan Daam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis summary reports on the outcomes and common issues faced among the countries represented at the Asia-Pacific Regional Meeting on Children’s Environmental Health, a meeting that was held at the Chulabhorn Research Institute in Bangkok, Thailand, and which focused on cross-cutting issues and commonalities among countries/regions, discussion of lessons learnt, exploring opportunities for policy-relevant research collaborations, and reviewing available educational tools to help translate research findings into tangible outputs. The common children’s environmental health issues faced by countries in the Asia-Pacific region include indoor and outdoor air pollution; unregulated and inadequate waste management; chemical and infectious agents in water used for drinking and cooking; hazardous pesticide use; and climate change and extreme weather events. The meeting participants agreed there is a need for multisectoral involvement in each country to develop frameworks and guidelines, raising public awareness of risk, and managing exposures in order to tackle these common issues. Networking will allow countries to learn from each other and enhance their efforts to protect not only the health of children, but also that of the rest of the population at risk.
Trace Hydrogen Sulphide Gas Sensor Based on Cu/rGO Membrane-Coated Photonic Crystal Fibre Michelson Interferometer
Authors: Luo Taiming , Wei Jianwei , Yang Xiaozhan , Wang Daoyuan , Feng Wenlin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A novel Michelson interferometric hydrogen sulphide sensor coated with copper/reduced graphene oxide (Cu/rGO) composite membrane is proposed and fabricated. A section of endlessly photonic crystal fibre (EPCF) was sandwiched in two single-mode fibres (SMFs). One SMF was spliced and tapered with EPCF; the other SMF was connected with the Faraday rotator mirror to construct the Michelson structure. The cladding of the EPCF was coated by the Cu/rGO-sensing membrane, which was prepared by the dip-coating method. The obtained Cu/rGO-sensing film has a length of 25.0 mm. The fabricated sensing membrane is characterised by the scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and so on. Experimental results demonstrated that the Cu/rGO-sensing film has a 24.56-nm thickness with a compact and uniform appearance. The XPS and Raman spectra indicate that there are three elements (C, O, and Cu), which are consistent with the expected compositions of the Cu/rGO membrane. With the increase of concentration of hydrogen sulphide, the interference spectra appear red-shifted. The linearity of 0.97662 and the sensitivity of 13.23 pm/ppm are achieved. In addition, the dynamic response and recovery time of the sensor are approximately 70 and 88 s, respectively. The surface adsorption energies of the film are calculated by the density functional theory. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental findings. This sensor has some key advantages of small size, simple structure, easy fabrication, and great applicability for detecting the trace hydrogen sulphide.
Facile Combustion Synthesis of (Y,Pr)2O3 Red Phosphor: Study of Luminescence Dependence on Dopant Concentration and Enhancement by the Effect of Co-dopant
Authors: Vini K. , Nissamudeen K. M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
There occurs a great interest in explaining the dependence of dopant concentration on the luminescence efficiency of rare earth oxides. Unambiguously, this study explains that luminescence intensity increases with increase in dopant concentration only up to optimised value. The syntheses of doped and co-doped yttrium oxide (Y2O3) nanophosphors in this study were carried out by making use of combustion method. This method produces the nanophosphors that have sizes ranging between 5 and 20 nm as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction pattern confirms that the incorporation of praseodymium oxide (Pr3+) and gadolinium oxide (Gd3+) does not cause any change in the cubic structure of Y2O3. The phase purity has been confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectrum. Diffuse reflectance spectra reveal that the bandgap increases with increase in annealing temperature. Bandgap has been calculated by making use of the Kubelka–Munk function. Strongest emission was observed at 605 nm with 2 wt% of Pr3+ as optimised concentration. Replacement of Y3+ by Gd3+ partially enhances the 605-nm emission linearly. The [Y:Pr:Gd] exhibits luminescence intensity of 2.705 times more than that of Y:Pr nanophosphors. This is for the first time our team has made a detailed study regarding the effects of co-doping in the case of Y2O3:Pr powders. We have successfully presented the changes that happen to the particle after co-doping especially in the particle size and luminescence properties.
Phytochemical Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Anthemis Nobilis Extract and Its Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Ghamipoor Saba , Fayyazi Faeze , Bahadorikhalili Saeed 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this work, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles is described by phytochemical reducing silver nitrate aqueous solution using Anthemis nobilis. For this purpose, Anthemis nobilis extract was used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles as both surfactant and reducing agent. Green synthesis method is a good alternative to physical and chemical methods, since it is fast, simple, environmentally-friendly and economic. The produced nanoparticles are identified using FE-SEM, EDX, and FT-IR and Uv/Vis techniques. Formation of silver nanoparticles is verified in 430–420 nm range. Reduction of silver ions by hydroxyl functional group is also confirmed by FT-IR device. EDX device confirms the presence of a peak for Ag element without any impurity peak. Silver nanoparticles are identified by FE-SEM device and found to have average size between 17 and 42 nm. Also, the antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanoparticles is compared with that of staphyloccusaureus and pseudomonasa aeruginosa and the maximum inhibitory activity against the bacteria is obtained using 1 mM nitrate solution.
Inter-individual Differences in Occipital Alpha Oscillations Correlate with White Matter Tissue Properties of the Optic Radiation
Authors: Minami Sorato , Oishi Hiroki , Takemura Hiromasa , Amano Kaoru 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNeural oscillations at ∼10 Hz, called alpha oscillations, are one of the most prominent components of neural oscillations in the human brain. In recent years, characteristics (power/frequency/phase) of occipital alpha oscillations have been correlated with various perceptual phenomena. However, the relationship between inter-individual differences in alpha oscillatory characteristics and the properties of the underlying brain structures, such as white matter pathways, is unclear. A possibility is that intrinsic occipital alpha oscillations are mediated by thalamocortical interaction; we hypothesized that the most promising candidate for characterizing the intrinsic alpha oscillation is optic radiation (OR), which is the geniculo-cortical pathway carrying signals between the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and primary visual cortex (V1). We used resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) and diffusion-weighted/quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (dMRI/qMRI) to correlate the frequency and power of occipital alpha oscillations with the tissue properties of the OR by focusing on the different characteristics across individuals. We found that the peak alpha frequency (PAF) negatively correlated with intracellular volume fraction (ICVF), reflecting diffusion properties in intracellular (axonal) space, whereas the peak alpha power was not correlated with any tissue properties measurements. No significant correlation was found between OR and beta frequency/amplitude or between other white matter tract connecting parietal and inferotemporal cortex and alpha frequency/amplitude. These results support the hypothesis that an interaction between thalamic nuclei and early visual areas is essential for the occipital alpha oscillatory rhythm.