bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Impact of Admission High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients With and Without Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Lucci Claudia , Cosentino Nicola , Genovese Stefano , Campodonico Jeness , Milazzo Valentina , De Metrio Monica , Rondinelli Maurizio , Riggio Daniela , Biondi Maria Luisa , Rubino Mara , Celentano Katia , Bonomi Alice , Capra Nicolò , Veglia Fabrizio , Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Bartorelli Antonio , Marenzi Giancarlo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) elevation frequently occurs in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and is associated with adverse outcomes. Since diabetes mellitus (DM) is characterized by an underlying chronic inflammation, hs-CRP may have a different prognostic power in AMI patients with and without DM.Methods: We prospectively included 2,064 AMI patients; hs-CRP was measured at hospital admission. Patients were grouped according to hs-CRP quartiles and DM status. The primary endpoint was a composite of in-hospital mortality, cardiogenic shock, and acute pulmonary edema. Two-year all-cause mortality was the secondary endpoint.Results: Twenty-six percent (n=548) of patients had DM and they had higher hs-CRP levels than non-DM patients (5.32 vs. 3.24 mg/L; P<0.0001). The primary endpoint incidence in the overall population (7%, 9%, 13%, 22%; P for trend <0.0001), in DM (14%, 9%, 21%, 27%; P=0.0001), and non-DM (5%, 8%, 10%, 19%; P<0.0001) patients increased in parallel with hs-CRP quartiles. The adjusted risk of the primary endpoint increased in parallel with hs-CRP quartiles in DM and non-DM patients but this relationship was less evident in DM patients. In the overall population, the adjusted OR of the primary endpoint associated with an hs-CRP value >2 mg/L was 2.10 (95% CI 1.46-3.00). For the same risk, hs-CRP was 7 and 2 mg/L in patients with and without DM. A similar behavior was observed for the secondary endpoint when the HR associated with an hs-CRP value >2 mg/L found in the overall population was 2.25 (95% CI 1.57-3.22). For the same risk, hs-CRP was 8 and 1.5 mg/L in DM and non-DM patients.Conclusions: This study shows that hs-CRP predicts in-hospital outcome and two-year mortality in AMI patients with and without DM. However, in DM patients, the same risk of developing events as in non-DM patients is associated to higher hs-CRP levels.
Analysis of Prognosis Factors of Breast Cancer Patients thru Socio Economic Profile: An Application of Binary Logistic Regression
Authors: Deka Mrinal , Bhattacharjee Dibyojyoti 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The idea of Prognosis factor is based on the variables that can be used to assess the chance of recovery from a disease. It may also be defined as the prior knowledge about any disease before treatment. Method: In this paper, selective prognostic factors (Age, Node and Tumour size) are analysed by logistic regression in patients who are suffering from Breast cancer based on data collected from the Cachar Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Silchar, Assam, India. The purpose of the research is to analyse the effect of the prognosis factors on the remission of breast cancer; separately for economically weaker as well as well to do patients. Results: The study claims that there are 50.1 percent and 65.8 percent chance of remission of cancer for patients of age above 50 in case of breast cancer with below the poverty line and above the poverty line respectively. The present study has considered the cutoff value of 2 cm as the determining prognostic factor in relation to tumour size. Thus, the chance of remission from cancer is 22.3 percent and 34.7 percent for below poverty line and above poverty line patients, respectively, if tumour size is greater than 2 cm. It also endeavours to ascertain that there are 10.9 percent and 18.1 percent chance of remission of cancer, if the disease has metastasized to regional lymph nodes, for below poverty line and above poverty line patients respectively. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the two poverty lines (APL and BPL) in terms of node and tumour size of breast cancer. The increasing sizes of tumour and node have lesser chance to follow-up as well as poorer survival and has a significant difference for patients belonging to both the poverty levels. The prognosis factors have the significant impact on the remission of breast cancer and depends on the socio-economic status of the patients due to the different standard of living, tendency of early diagnosis and the awareness level of cancer disease.
Clinical effects of probiotic or azithromycin as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis stage III: A pilot randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Morales Alicia , Contador Rafael , Bravo Joel , Carvajal Paola , Silva Nora , Strauss Franz Josef , Gamonal Jorge 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this triple- blind placebo- controlled parallel- arm randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the clinical effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus SP1 or azithromycin as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in patients with stage III periodontitis.Methods: Forty-seven systemically healthy participants with stage III periodontitis were recruited. Following SRP, the participants were randomly assigned to one of three treatment modalities; 1) placebo (n=15), 2) probiotics (n=16) and 3) antibiotics-azithromycin (n=16). The participants were monitored at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after therapy. Probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and plaque accumulation (PI) were evaluated. Results: All 47 participants completed the study. At 12 months, all groups showed significant improvements of PPD and PI (p<0.012) irrespective of the treatment modality and without significant differences between the groups. Probiotics and azithromycin showed no added benefit in terms of CAL. While the placebo (p=0.002) and the antibiotic-azithromycin (p=0.002) group showed a significant reduction of BOP, only the placebo group revealed a significant reduction of CAL at 12 months follow-up (p=0.003). The number of sites and teeth with PPD ≥5, ≥6 and ≥7mm were significantly reduced in all groups at 12 months follow-up (p<0.025) irrespective of the treatment regime and without significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: The use of probiotics or azithromycin as an adjunct to SRP failed to provide additional benefits in the treatment of stage III periodontitis. The benefits of these two treatment regimes as an adjunct to SRP remain unclear. Trial Registration: NCT02839408, 10/28/2017, Clinicaltrial.gov.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form in undergraduate students and clinical patients
Authors: Zhang Panwen , Ouyang Zirong , Fang Shulin , He Jiayue , Fan Lejia , Luo Xingwei , Zhang Jianghua , Xiong Yan , Luo Fusheng , Wang Xiaosheng , Yao Shuqiao , Wang Xiang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Brief Form (PID-5-BF) is a 25-item measuring tool evaluating maladaptive personality traits for diagnosis of personality disorders(PDs). As a promising scale, its impressive psychometric properties has been verified in some countries, however, there has no studies about the utility of PID-5-BF in Chinese settings. The current study aimed to examine cultural applicability of the Chinese version of PID-5-BF among undergraduate students and clinical patients.Methods: 7155 undergraduate students and 451 clinical patients completed the Chinese version of PID-5-BF. 228 students were chosen randomly for test-retest reliability at a 4-week interval. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to discover the most suitable construct in Chinese, measurement invariance(MI), internal consistency and external validity were also calculated. Results: An exploratory six-factor model was supported more suitable in both samples(Undergraduate sample: CFI = 0.905, TLI = 0.888, RMSEA = 0.044, SRMR = 0.039; Clinical sample: CFI = 0.904, TLI = 0.886, RMSEA = 0.047, SRMR = 0.060), adding a new factor“Interpersonal Relationships”. Measurement invariance across non-clinical and clinical sample was established(configural, weak, strong MI, and partial strict MI). Aside from acceptable internal consistency(Undergraduate sample: alpha=0.84, MIC=0.21; Clinical sample: alpha=0.86, MIC=0.19) and test-retest reliability(0.73), the association with 220-item PID-5 was significant(r = 0.93, p < 0.01), and six PDs measured by Personality diagnostic questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4+) was correlated with expected domains of PID-5-BF. Conclusions: The Chinese version of the PID-5-BF showed satisfactory psychometric properties, which is a convenient and useful screening tool for personality disorders.
Increase in foreign body and harmful substance ingestion and associated complications in children: a retrospective study of 1199 cases from 2005 to 2017
Authors: Speidel Arne Jorma , Woelfle Lena , Mayer Benjamin , Posovszky Carsten 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Children with a history of caustic or foreign body ingestion (FBI) seem to be presenting more frequently to emergency departments. This study aims to elucidate the clinical presentation, diagnostic procedures, and complications associated with the ingestion of on different object categories over a 13-year time period.Methods: A structured retrospective data analysis of patients who presented in between January 2005 and December 2017 to the University Medical Centre Ulm was performed. Patients up to 17 years of age with food impaction or foreign body or harmful substance ingestion were included by selection of the corresponding International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD10-GM) codes. Descriptive statistics, parametric or non-parametric tests, and linear regression analysis were performed.Result: In total, 1199 patients were analysed; the mean age was 3.3 years (SD 3.12; range 7 days to 16 years), the male to female ratio was 1.15:1, and 194 (16.2%) were hospitalized. The number of patients seen annually increased from 66 in 2005 to 119 in 2017, with a rise in percentage of all emergency patients from 0.82% in 2010 to 1.34% in 2017. The majority of patients (n=619) had no symptoms, and 244 out of 580 symptomatic patients complained of retching or vomiting. Most frequently, ingested objects were coins (18.8%). Radiopaque objects accounted for 47.6%, and sharp objects accounted for 10.5% of the ingested foreign bodies, both of which were significantly more often ingested by girls (p<0.001 for both). Button battery ingestion was recorded for 63 patients with a significant annual increase (R2=0.57; β=0.753; p=0.003). The annual rate of complications also increased significantly (R2=0.42; β=0.647; p=0.017).Conclusion: We found an alarming increase in the number of children who presented to our emergency department with FBI and associated complications. A standardized diagnostic and therapeutic approach may reduce and prevent serious complications. Further preventive measures within the home environment are needed to stop this trend.
A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol of observational studies to assess the association between sleep and mental resilience in healthy individuals
Authors: Arora Teresa , Alamoodi Asma , Grey Ian , Östlundh Linda , Omar Omar M. , Grandner Michael 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Mental resilience has emerged as a recent focus within the context of positive psychology. Resilience is a potentially modifiable construct. Some preliminary evidence from experimental studies as well as clinical populations has indicated that sleep may be related to mental resilience, but little is known about this relationship in healthy populations. Sleep is a complex with multi-factorial outcome, although the majority of research effort has focused on sleep duration and sleep quality. Our systematic review and meta-analysis will identify original research data from observational studies to assess if sleep duration and/or sleep quality is associated with levels of psychological resilience amongst healthy children, adolescents and adults. We hypothesize that there will be a positive association between sleep duration/quality and mental resilience across all age groups. Methods: A comprehensive, systematic search for literature will be conducted in June 2020 (LÖ), covering a total of eight academic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science and Academic Search Complete). Sources for grey materials will also be included and experts in the field will also be contacted for inclusion of unpublished data. PubMed and PubMed’s MeSH terms were used to develop the search strategy and systematically identify relevant search terms. Two authors (IG & AA) will screen the articles independently, and a third researcher (TA) will resolve discrepancies. The primary outcome is mental/psychological resilience. The systematic review will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.Discussion: The results of our systematic review and meta-analysis are intended to be published in an appropriate scientific peer-reviewed journal and will be made publicly available. The findings from our project are envisioned to inform and educate the public as well as healthcare and education systems, globally. Our systematic review protocol has been peer-reviewed and is currently registered in the international database, PROSPERO.Systematic review registration: CRD42020191119 (submitted on 2 July 2020).
Clinical Characteristics of 10 Children With a Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Associated with COVID-19 In Iran
Authors: Shahbaznejad Leila , Navaifar Mohammad Reza , Abbaskhanian Ali , Hosseinzadeh Fatemeh , Rahimzadeh Golnar , Rezai Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Although symptoms and signs of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) in children are milder than adults, there are reports of more severe cases which were defined as pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS). The purpose of this report was to describe the possible association between COVID-19 and PIMS in children. Methods: From 28 March to 24 June 2020, 10 febrile children were admitted with COVID-19 infection showing characteristics of PIMS in Buali tertiary hospital of Sari, in Mazandaran province, northern Iran. Demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory and imaging findings, and therapeutic modalities were recorded and analyzed. Results: The mean age of the patients was 5.37±3.9 years (13 months to 12 years). Six of them were boys. Kawasaki disease, myocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, appendicitis, sepsis, urosepsis, prolonged febrile seizure, acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy, and COVID-19-related pneumonia were their first presentation. All of them had increased C-reactive protein levels, and most of them had elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, lymphopenia, anemia, and hypoalbuminemia. Three of them had thrombocytopenia(PLT<106). Six of them were serologically or polymerase chain reaction positive for COVID-19, and 4 of them were diagnosed as COVID-19 just by chest computed tomography scan. Most of the patients improved without a residual sequel, except one who died with multiorgan failure and another case was discharged with a giant coronary aneurysm.Conclusion: Children with COVID-19 may present symptoms similar to Kawasaki disease and inflammatory syndromes. PIMS should be considered in children with fever, rash, seizure, cough, tachypnea, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
Transitioning To Digital First Line Intervention – Validation Of A Brief Online Screener For Early Identification Of A Suspected Eating Disorder: Study Protocol
Authors: Bryant Emma , Miskovic-Wheatley Jane , Touyz Stephen , Crosby Ross D , Koreshe Eyza , Cao Li , Maguire Sarah 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Only one in four people with eating disorders seeks treatment, and of those who do seek treatment, 20% go on to experience a chronic course. Early intervention has been associated with better prognosis, with those seeking specialised intervention in the early stages of their illness more than twice as likely to achieve remission. Current screening measures typically require expert administration and are rarely validated across a spectrum of DSM-5 eating disorder presentations or for online use. In light of COVID-19 and increasing reliance on telehealth technologies in the intervention and delivery of mental health services, online assessments suitable for self-referral are likely to be the first step to seeking care. InsideOut Institute has developed a 6-item online screening tool for the purposes of identifying eating disorder risk and symptomatology, aimed specifically at increasing help-seeking behaviour in subsyndromal and early presentations. Methods: This study investigates the reliability and validity of the InsideOut Institute Screener (IOI-S), using a cross-sectional survey research design. Participants aged 14 and over will complete an extensive baseline survey battery for evaluation. 50% of participants will be randomly selected for one follow-up re-test of the IOI-S only, two weeks post initial testing. The IOI-S will be analysed for statistical reliability on two parameters: internal consistency and test re-test reliability, and for statistical validity on four parameters: concurrent validity, sensitivity and specificity, convergent and discriminant validity. Discussion: The rapid and ongoing shift to digital intervention has highlighted gaps and opportunities in our pathways to care. Adequate screening for eating disorders is a major gap. This study aims to validate an online screening tool for use in telehealth early intervention, designed for users seeking information for a suspected eating disorder. The screener meets those at risk ‘where they are’ (i.e. online) and may improve timely referrals to relevant services. This is of particular salience as face-to-face healthcare and traditional frontline interventions are disrupted, and we are challenged to re-design our practices to deliver diagnostic and treatment services in highly adaptive digital contexts.
Applying the Social Ecological Model to Explore HIV-Related Stigma in the Southeastern United States: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Richards Veronica L , Williams Renessa , Stetten Nichole E , Canidate Shantrel S , Algarin Angel , Fiore Andrew , Cook Christa , Lucero Robert , Spencer Emma C , Cook Robert L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Although evidence suggests HIV-related stigma directly affects health and behaviors, we have a limited understanding of stigma’s influence beyond the individual-level. We aimed to describe HIV-related stigma and strategies to reduce it in the Southeastern U.S. within the context of the social ecological model (SEM). Methods: Qualitative surveys were distributed in-person at community events, conferences, and via email to persons affected by HIV periodically over 8 months. The final sample size included 87 participants (33 persons living with HIV, 54 without HIV). A directed content analysis was used to code responses into five levels of the SEM (individual, interpersonal, community, institutional, and structural). Results: Multiple themes emerged within each level: Individual – knowledge, fear, internalization; Interpersonal – social network; Community – judgements, discrimination, community organizations, norms; Institutional – competent providers, healthcare services; and Structural – systemic barriers, language, education. Conclusions: The findings exemplify the need for a multi-level approach to intervene and reduce HIV-related stigma. Based on the experiences and suggestions of people affected by HIV, future interventions should include substantial consideration from persons affected by HIV.
The relationship between maternal food insecurity, fetal and postnatal growth: findings from the South African National Income Dynamics Study
Authors: Harper Abigail Joan , Rothberg Alan , Chirwa Esnat , Sambu Winnie , Mall Sumaya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Food insecurity during pregnancy and postnatally has been associated with adverse child health outcomes including low birthweight and stunting. There are few studies that have examined the relationships between food insecurity and child health outcomes in low and middle income countries. This study aims to fill the gap by examining the relationship between food insecurity, low birthweight and stunting in children using a longitudinal sample of South African women and their offspring.Methods: The primary exposure is a multidimensional, composite measure of household food insecurity that comprises three dimensions and six indicators. The primary outcome is a dichotomous measure of child LBW (≤2500g) The secondary outcome is childhood stunting (height for age £2SD of the median) and severe stunting (height for age £3SD of the median) in the first five years of life. We used both unadjusted and adjusted regression models. Source data for the analysis came from the population-based, longitudinal data collected for wave one and three of the National Income Dynamics Study (2008 and 2012). Results: Birthweight data were available for 1381 children and stunting data were available for 1444 children. The prevalence of LBW in the sample was 13.64 %. The prevalence of stunting and severe stunting was 16.46 % and 11.87 %. The composite measure was not associated with low birthweight but was associated with underweight maternal BMI, a risk factor for low birthweight. Household dietary diversity, food expenditure below the Stats SA poverty line and the composite measure was associated with stunting and severe stunting in bivariate analyses. The measure was associated with severe stunting in the final model.Conclusions: The finding that household food insecurity is associated with severe stunting for children in the first five years of life highlights the importance of adequate food and nutrition for vulnerable children in South Africa. Future studies can elucidate the relationship between maternal food insecurity, low birthweight and other child outcomes. Policy interventions that focus on early childhood growth through alleviating food insecurity and addressing other drivers of malnutrition such as improving maternal education and dietary diversity can break the cycle of poor growth outcomes.