bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La traición a la democracia. Ensayo sobre las relaciones entre universidad, democracia y ciudadanía desde la idea de traición
Authors: Luque David 
Published: November 2019

A partir de los sesenta, los alumnos que comenzaron a acudir a las universidades creció exponencialmente. Esto modificó la forma de pensar esta institución en su relación con la democracia. Su razón de ser ya no se encontraba únicamente en el conocimiento, sino que se deducía del papel que debía jugar en la construcción de la ciudadanía. Esta modificación dio lugar a una serie de discusiones sobre el papel de la universidad en relación a los nuevosretos que les planteaba la ciudadanía. Y esas discusiones giraban casi siempre en torno a una misma idea: que cualquier tesis sobre la universidad suponía una traición. Y es justamente eso lo que estudia este artículo. Se concluye que, en la construcción de una ciudadanía democrática, han de combinarse dos consideraciones. La necesidad irrenunciable de la extensión de la formación universitaria como elemento sustancial de una ciudadanía y la necesidad de que esta formación esté presidida por un pensamiento crítico y una vocación de servicio político.
From the 1960s, the number of students who began to attend universities grew exponentially. This changed the way of thinking about this institution in terms of its relationship with democracy. Its reason for being did not only lie in the articulation of knowledge but also in the role it should play in the construction of citizenship. This modification led to a series of discussions about the role of universities regarding the new challenges posed by citizens. And these discussions almost always revolved around the same idea: any argument about universities was a betrayal. And that is precisely what this article studies. It is concluded that, in the construction of democratic citizenships, two considerations must be combined. On the one hand, the unrenounceable need for the extension of university education as a substantial element of citizenship and, on the other hand, the need for this type of education to bepresided over by critical thinking and a vocation for political service.
¡Todo me gustó! Los niños y sus percepciones de una actividad educativa en un museo
Authors: Melgar María Fernanda 
Published: November 2019

En este trabajo interesan los niños como público específico de los museos. En el artículo se presenta un estudio realizado en Argentina que tiene por objetivo conocer y analizar las percepciones y experiencias de niños en museos. Participaron 133 niños y niñas ubicados en la franja etaria de los 8 a los 13 años de escuelas de gestión pública y privada, rurales y urbanas. Para la recolección de datos se empleó un cuestionario con ítems que requerían respuestas abiertas y cerradas. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó un enfoque mixto. Los resultados se presentan en tres categorías: percepciones sobre los museos, experiencias previas y valoraciones de una actividad particular. En general los niños valoraron positivamente sus experiencias en el museo, se observó un alto grado de satisfacción principalmente en sus afirmaciones referidas a aquellos aspectos que les gustaron. Los resultados del trabajo plantean numerosos desafíos para los museos y las escuelas en relación a la posibilidad de diseñar propuestas educativas contextualizadas a las características de los niños.
In this paper we look at children as a specific public of museums. We present a study undertaken in Argentina. The aim of the research was to know and analyse the perceptions and experiences of children in museums. The study surveyed 133 children from different backgrounds (state and private schools and rural and urban settings) aged 8-13. For data collection, a questionnaire was used with open and closed response items. A mixed approach was used. The outcomes are presented in three categories: perceptions about museums, previous experiences and assessments of a particular activity. The children valued positively their experiences in the museum, a high degree of satisfactionwas observed mainly in their affirmations referring to those aspects that they liked. The outcomes of the study raise many challenges for museums and schools in relation to the possibility of designing educational proposals which align with the characteristics of children.
Conciencia emocional en situaciones motrices cooperativas lúdicas y expresivas en bachillerato: perspectiva de género
Authors: Alonso Roque José Ignacio , Marín Guillén Marta , Yuste Lucas Juan Luis , Lavega Burgués Pere , Gea García Gemma 
Published: November 2019

El propósito del presente estudio fue analizar las emociones suscitadas en situaciones motrices de cooperación lúdicas y expresivas en clase de Educación física. Para ello se administró el Cuestionario “Games and Emotions Scale” (GES) al término de cada sesión a 24 estudiantes de primero de Bachillerato. El estudio fue descriptivo, correlacional y comparativo, con dos condiciones en las que se tomaban los datos, las cuales eran los dos tipos de sesiones de la unidad didáctica realizada. Los resultados indican que independientemente del género y del tipo de sesión, se valoran como más intensas las emociones positivas, después las ambiguas y por último las negativas.
The aim of this study was to investigate the emotions experienced by eleventh grade students in physical education classes involving motor cooperative situations in ludic and expressive contexts. Data were obtained through the administration with 24 high school students of the questionnaire “Games and Emotions Scale” (GES) at the end of each session. The study was descriptive, correlational and comparative, and included two conditions (the two different types of teaching sessions). Results indicate that, regardless of gender and type of session, positive emotions are held to be the most intense, followed by ambiguous and negative emotions.
Geografías e historias de aprendizaje de docentes de secundaria. Intersecciones, tránsitos y zonas de no saber
Authors: Bosco Alejandra , Alonso Cano Cristina , Miño Puigcercós Raquel 
Published: November 2019

El artículo muestra parte de los procesos y resultados de un proyecto de investigación que explora qué, cómo, con qué y dónde aprenden los docentes de secundaria dentro y fuera de sus centros. Tras presentar la perspectiva onto-epistemológica en la que se sitúa el estudio y los avances que se propone alcanzar, nos referirnos brevemente a la aproximación metodológica y a los participantes en la investigación. A continuación, nos centramos en ocho docentes que trabajan en uno de los tres ins titutos que han colaborado en el estudio. Para ello, situamos el contexto y los procesos llevados a cabo y realizamos una aproximación a sus geografías e historias de aprendizaje. A continuación, se problematiza el proceso de análisis seguido y se identifican los escenarios en los que aprenden los docentes, los tránsitos entre escenarios y las nociones de aprendizaje que emergen en sus geografías e historiasde aprendizaje. Finalmente, se sitúan las aportaciones que estas prácticas de investigación narrativa pueden representar para la propia investigación educativa y la formación docente.
This article shows part of the processes and results of a research project that explores what, how, with what and where secondary school teachers learn inside and outside their schools. After locating the ontoepistemological perspective in which the study is situated and the advances to be achieved, we briefly refer to the methodological approach and to the participants in the piece of research. Next, we focus on eight teachers who work in one of thethree secondary school that have collaborated in the study. To do this, we situate the context and the processes involved in the configuration of the teachers’ learning geographies and histories. To this end, the process of analysis employed is problematized and the scenarios in which teachers learn are identified, as are the transitions between scenarios and the notions of learning that emerge in their learning geographies and histories. Finally, we refer to the contributions that these practices of narrative research can make to educational research and the professional development of teachers.
La Junta Nacional contra el analfabetismo (1950-1970): un análisis documental
Authors: López Melgarejo Alba María 
Published: November 2019

El 10 de marzo de 1950 se creaba por decreto la Junta Nacional contra el Analfabetismo cuyo objetivo era reducir la tasa de analfabetos entre la población adulta española a través de una red de juntas provinciales, municipales y locales. El objetivo de este estudio es reconstruir la trayectoria acometida por esta institución durante la década de los cincuenta y sesenta a partir de los documentos publicados en el Boletín Oficial del Estado que hacen mención a la misma.Encontramos dos momentos claves durante la vigencia de la Junta Nacional. El primero de creación y desarrollo de 1950 a 1963 y un segundo momento definido por la Campaña Nacional contra el Analfabetismo iniciada en 1963 para cuatro cursos escolares. Los esfuerzos de este organismo junto a los realizados por otras instituciones redujeron la tasa de analfabetos adultos de un 17% en 1950 a un 9% existente al inicio de 1970.
On the tenth of March in 1950 The National Committee Against Illiteracy was created by decree with a view to reducing the illiteracy rate among the Spanish adult population. The aim of this study is to reconstruct, from the documents published in the National State Journal, the process followed by this institution during the 1950s and 1960s. We found two keys moments during the enforcement of the National Committee: a period of creation and development from 1950 to 1963 and the activation in 1963 of the National Campaign Against Illiteracy which lasted for four school years. The efforts of this organization along with those by other institutions reduced the rate of illiterate adults from 17% in 1950 to 9% at the beginning of 1970.
Book Review—Anne Applebaum’s <i>Red Famine</i> (2017)
Authors: Hordijk Frank 
Published: November 2019

The theme setting and particular relevance of artificial or man-made famines seems to come up in intervals, when tensions re-arise between ‘Western’ powers and Russia and seems to be useful for the purposes of ‘demonizing’ ‘Putin’—the current President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin (2000–2008; 2012–)—, ‘the Kremlin’, the Russian government; or simply ‘Russia’ in the eyes of ‘the West’. In recent years, the famine of 1932–1933 has reached new heights as a politicized event to be instrumentalized in a ‘memory war’ on many discursive levels (history, mass media, memorialization, etc.) between key-representatives of the current countries Ukraine and Russia (Hordijk 2018). This should, symptomatically, remind us of the sheer power that media narratives have in shaping public imaginations.
The reviewed book: Anne Elizabeth Applebaum. Red Famine: Stalin’s War on Ukraine. ISBN-13: 978–0–241–00380–0. London: Allen Lane, September 2017. Hardcover; 512 pages; recommended retail price: £25.00.
Zooplankton communities in the Drake Passage through environmental boundaries: a snapshot of 2010, early spring
Authors: Vedenin Andrey A. , Musaeva Eteri I. , Zasko Daria N. , Vereshchaka Alexander L. 
Published: November 2019

Background
Spatial distribution of zooplankton communities influenced by various environmental factors is always important for understanding pelagic ecosystems. The area of the Drake Passage (Southern Ocean) is of particular interest owing to the high spatial and temporal variability of hydrological parameters affecting marine fauna. This study provides a survey of zooplankton composition and spatial distribution along a transect in the Drake Passage sampled during the 31th Cruise of RV “Akademik Sergey Vavilov” in November, 2010. The main aim was to trace the main regularities in spatial zooplankton structure and its relationships with the environmental parameters.

Methodology
A total of 43 vertical hauls from the surface to 1,000 m depth were made at 13 stations using the Juday plankton net. 60 taxa were recorded, abundance and biomass of each were assessed. Environmental parameters including temperature, salinity, depth, horizontal distance between stations and surface chlorophyll concentration were tested as environmental factors possibly explaining plankton distribution.

Results
Higher zooplankton abundance and biomass with lower diversity were observed near the Polar Front. Cluster analysis revealed five different groups of zooplankton samples, four of which were arranged mostly by depth. Along the transect within the 1,000 m depth range, the qualitative taxonomical composition differed significantly with depth and to some extent differed also among horizontal hydrological regimes, while the quantitative structure of the communities (abundance of taxa) was mainly determined by depth. Plankton assemblages within the upper 300-m layer depended on hydrological fronts. Abundance of dominant taxa as well as total zooplankton abundance showed a clear correlation with depth, salinity and surface chlorophyll concentration. Some taxa also showed correlations with temperature and latitude. Between the stations the similarity in zooplankton structure was clearly dependent on the distance among them which indicates an importance of latitudinal gradient. Surface chlorophyll concentration was not correlated with zooplankton biomass, which can be explained by the uncompleted seasonal migrations of zooplankton from deeper waters in early spring.
Improving Adherence to Anti-retroviral Therapy among Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in Enugu State, South East Nigeria
Authors: Igweagu C. P. , Chime O. H. , Onwasigwe C. N. 
Published: November 2019

HIV/AIDS continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 32 million lives so far. There were approximately 37.9 million people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) at the end of 2018. Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality and improved quality of life among people with HIV infection.
Aims: The study was conducted to improve the knowledge and adherence to anti-retroviral therapy among PLHIV in Enugu state, southeast Nigeria.
Study Design: Interventional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Anti-retroviral Therapy clinics within Enugu metropolis in Enugu state Nigeria between June to December 2018.
Methodology: A health education intervention was carried out among 312 PLHIV receiving ART in Enugu metropolis to improve their perception and adherence to antiretroviral therapy. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 312 PLHIV (156 each in the study and control groups), who were selected by multistage sampling. Subsequently, health education was conducted among the study group. Three months after this intervention its effects were assessed through a survey using the same structured questionnaires employed in the baseline survey.
Results: The most frequently occurring reason given by the respondents for poor adherence to ART was forgetfulness (65.4% for study and 69.9% for control groups). Knowledge of the factors and consequences of poor adherence to treatment was significantly higher among the study group than the controls post-interventions p<0.001. Adherence to ART improved from 42.3% pre-intervention to 81.4% post-intervention.
Conclusion: Intensive health education effectively improved adherence to ART among persons living with HIV/AIDS and this should be carried out regularly.
Promoting Safer and More Efficient Medication Administration within the Accident and Emergency Department at Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation
Authors: Meter Jessica Van , Dye Sally , Clarke Amanda , Heylinger Marcia , Thomas Arlene 
Published: November 2019

Objective: The Emergency Department is a complex environment in which healthcare providers are confronted with uncontrolled and unpredictable critical patient workload. This necessitates multitasking, organization, critical thinking and clear communication. Safe practices during dispensing and administration of medications vastly reduces the potential for patient harm and decreases medication errors (Institute for Healthcare Improvement, 2008).
Design/Methods: An eight-question survey was developed to determine nurses’ perceptions of the current medication storage system. Participants were asked to identify ways in which this system could be improved and medications organized in a safer, more systematic way. Following initial data collection, all medications were rearranged to improve medication organization and retrieval. The participants were then surveyed following the intervention to ascertain feedback.
Results: 68% of participants noted that they perceived the current system to be chaotic. When asked if organizational changes might improve patient care delivery and safety, 96% responded in the affirmative. Labeling medication with both generic/ brand names and organizing them by class and alphabetically thereafter were all identified as potential options for reorganization. Following the intervention, a post-survey demonstrated that 100% of respondents remained enthusiastic about the new system approximately 9 months after implementation.
Conclusions: The previous medication storage system was fractured and chaotic. Systematic organization of medications by name/class improved nurses’ perceptions of medication safety and delivery while inadvertently reducing the waste of expired medications. Greater measures are needed to truly minimize the risk for a medication administration errors including targeted continuing education and implementation of an electronic medication administration system.
Determination of MICs of Methicillin-resistant and Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from a Tertiary-care Hospital in Guyana
Authors: Seepersaud Drovashti , Ramlochan Tereasia , Cheddie Paul 
Published: November 2019

Objective: Previous studies done in the hospital setting in Guyana have shown that the frequency of isolation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates far exceeds the worldwide estimate of 50%. These past studies have been based on the use of the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion methodology. The present study was conducted to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus using the broth microdilution method.
Design and Methods: A total of 101 consecutive, non-repetitive S. aureus isolates obtained from the GPHC medical lab during a six-week period were included in the study. These isolates were identified as MRSA and MSSA by laboratory personnel using the cefoxitin disk diffusion method. The oxacillin MICs for all isolates obtained were determined using prepared oxacillin broth microdilution trays with concentrations ranging from 4 μg/ml to 256 μg/ml. All results were interpreted according to CLSI guidelines.
Results: The prevalence of MRSA at GPHC was found to be 65.35% with a majority of the isolates being high level oxacillin resistant strains with MICs > 256 μg/ml (84.85%). In our study, most resistant isolates were collected from patients admitted to the FSW (16.67%), Paediatric Wards (13.65%), MSW (13.64%), and FMW (12.12%). Additionally, 35 (79.55%) MSSA were suspected oxacillin susceptible with MIC < 4 μg/ml. The relationship between the cefoxitin disc diffusion and oxacillin broth microdilution results was found to be statistically significant with a p < 0.001.
Conclusion: Methicillin-resistance continues to be a major problem in the hospital setting, and this study has should that commonly used conventional techniques are unlikely to identify all of the potentially resistant isolates.
Recommendation: The high prevalence and high oxacillin MIC of MRSA at GPHC suggests that more emphasis should be placed on infection control and surveillance programs within the hospital setting.
The Incidence and Short-term Outcome of Perforated Peptic Ulcers
Authors: DeNobrega Gabrielle , Motilall Ravi , Hussain Bibi 
Published: November 2019

Objective: To determine the incidence of non-traumatic perforated gastro-duodenal ulcers in the surgical population at GPHC.
To identify/ discuss mortality associated with perforated hallow viscus at GPHC and its related outcomes.
Study Design and Methods: This study involves a retrospective analysis of all inpatients in the female and male adult surgical wards at GPHC. All charts coded for ‘acute abdomen’, ‘perforated hollow viscus’ and pneumoperitoneum were collected from 2016 to 2018 Data from this selective population were collected using the data collection tool. All data was coded for and entered into spreadsheet of which double data entry was done. Data was then analyzed using SPS.
Results: Initially a total of 109 charts were collected but was reduced to sample size of 31 patients after review of charts. Majority of patients were males with an average age of presentation of 45.8years. Although many comorbidities are associated with perforations only 1 patient in this studyhad chronic hypertension. Time of presentation from onset of symptoms greatly influences theoutcomes for affected patients. However, 80% of patients presented after 24 hrs, none in a state of shock and no early mortality was found. Smoking affects the mucosal barrier of stomach and increases risk of peptic ulcer disease. In this study 67.7% of patients admitted to being frequent marijuana smokers and 74.2% cigarette smokers and although a small population size, a high association between smoking and resultant disease was shown with a P value of 0.0028. Graham’s patch was done by residents on all patients with an average operative time of 68.4 minutes. Intraoperatively the most common site of perforation was the antrum (60%) compared to the duodenum (6.7%), pylorus (6%) and body of stomach (3.3%). Post- op there was a 40% morbidity rate.
Conclusions: Primary repair is a safe surgical approach with a low mortality.
Endocrine Disorders in a Specialized Hospital in Guyana
Authors: Ricardo Yaquelin Gonzalez , Diaz Yaritza Lopez , Dudnauth Ravendra Johnaton , Perez Maritza Oliva 
Published: November 2019

Background: Endocrine diseases are characterized by hormonal alterations (excess or defect). Due to the low prevalence (less than five case 5 / 10 000 inhabitants), a large number of them, qualify to be classified as rare diseases such as those of organs like: hypophysis, adrenal glands, gonads as well as some congenital thyroid diseases. Others like Diabetes are considering almost epidemic.
Objective: To define the types of diseases observed in the only Endocrinology Clinic in Guyana.
Methods: The diagnoses of all patients who attended the endocrinology clinic of the Georgetown Public Hospital Corporation from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2017, were analyzed.
Results: During the one year of this study, approximately 639 patients attended the endocrinology clinic. Of this, 178 patients had thyroid-related diseases with 80 of these having thyrotoxicosis, 49 having hypothyroidism followed by 110 patients with diabetes mellitus. Pituitary tumors were also diagnosed with 2 of acromegaly and 6 of prolactinomas. Cases of hypoadrenalism (n = 5), hypogonadism (n = 4), and pheochromocytoma (n = 6) were not rare; gonadal disease were also found in 17 patients.
Thyroid disease was the most frequent diagnosis followed by diabetes mellitus. New emerging endocrine disorders such as hyperlipidemia (n = 1) were rare. Some persons attending the clinic were also noted to be overweight /obese however this was not the primary reason for joining the clinic. Traditional diseases such as Sheehan Syndrome have become rare due to improvements in Obstetric care.