bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond flowering time: diverse roles of an APETALA2‐like transcription factor in shoot architecture and perennial traits
Authors: Zhou Yanhao , Gan Xiangchao , Viñegra de la Torre Natanael , Neumann Ulla , Albani Maria C. 
Published: August 2020

Summary

Polycarpic perennials maintain vegetative growth after flowering. PERPETUAL FLOWERING 1 (PEP1), the orthologue of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) in Arabis alpina regulates flowering and contributes to polycarpy in a vernalisation‐dependent pathway. pep1 mutants do not require vernalisation to flower and have reduced return to vegetative growth as all of their axillary branches become reproductive.

To identify additional genes that regulate flowering and contribute to perennial traits we performed an enhancer screen of pep1. Using mapping‐by‐sequencing, we cloned a mutant (enhancer of pep1‐055, eop055), performed transcriptome analysis and physiologically characterised the role it plays on perennial traits in an introgression line carrying the eop055 mutation and a functional PEP1 wild‐type allele.

eop055 flowers earlier than pep1 and carries a lesion in the A. alpina orthologue of the APETALA2 (AP2)‐like gene, TARGET OF EAT2 (AaTOE2). AaTOE2 is a floral repressor and acts upstream of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER‐BINDING PROTEIN‐LIKE 5 (AaSPL5). In the wild‐type background, which requires cold treatment to flower, AaTOE2 regulates the age‐dependent response to vernalisation. In addition, AaTOE2 ensures the maintenance of vegetative growth by delaying axillary meristem initiation and repressing flowering of axillary buds before and during cold exposure.

We conclude that AaTOE2 is instrumental in fine tuning different developmental traits in the perennial life cycle of A. alpina.
HBI1 acts downstream of ERECTA and SWR1 in regulating inflorescence architecture through the activation of the brassinosteroid and auxin signaling pathways
Authors: Cai Hanyang , Chai Mengnan , Chen Fangqian , Huang Youmei , Zhang Man , He Qing , Liu Liping , Yan Maokai , Qin Yuan 
Published: August 2020

Summary

Inflorescence architecture critically influences plant reproductive success and crop yield, and it reflects the activity of the inflorescence meristem and pedicel length. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the ERECTA (ER) signaling pathway and the SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex jointly regulate inflorescence architecture by promoting the expression of the PACLOBUTRAZOL RESISTANCE (PRE) gene family. However, how PREs regulate inflorescence architecture remains unclear.

RNA‐sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR analyses were performed. Genetic interactions between HOMOLOG OF BEE2 INTERACTING WITH IBH1 (HBI1) and the SWR1‐ER‐MPK6 pathway in the control of inflorescence architecture were further studied.

The present findings support that HBI1 functions downstream of PREs in the SWR1 and ER pathways to regulate inflorescence architecture by promoting pedicel elongation. Specifically, it binds to the promoters of the brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis gene CYP85A2 and a series of auxin‐related genes, including auxin response factor ARF3, and promotes their expression. In turn, ARF3 can also bind to auxin signaling genes as well as CYP85A2 to activate their expression and promote pedicel elongation.

Our study provides evidence that inflorescence architecture regulation by SWR1 and ER involves the HBI1 regulatory hub and its activation of both the BR and auxin hormone pathways.
British Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society Guidelines on perioperative and postoperative biochemical monitoring and micronutrient replacement for patients undergoing bariatric surgery—2020 update
Authors: O'Kane Mary , Parretti Helen M. , Pinkney Jonathan , Welbourn Richard , Hughes Carly A. , Mok Jessica , Walker Nerissa , Thomas Denise , Devin Jennifer , Coulman Karen D. , Pinnock Gail , Batterham Rachel L. , Mahawar Kamal K. , Sharma Manisha , Blakemore Alex I. , McMillan Iris , Barth Julian H. 
Published: August 2020

SummaryBariatric surgery is recognized as the most clinically and cost‐effective treatment for people with severe and complex obesity. Many people presenting for surgery have pre‐existing low vitamin and mineral concentrations. The incidence of these may increase after bariatric surgery as all procedures potentially cause clinically significant micronutrient deficiencies. Therefore, preparation for surgery and long‐term nutritional monitoring and follow‐up are essential components of bariatric surgical care. These guidelines update the 2014 British Obesity and Metabolic Surgery Society nutritional guidelines. Since the 2014 guidelines, the working group has been expanded to include healthcare professionals working in specialist and non‐specialist care as well as patient representatives. In addition, in these updated guidelines, the current evidence has been systematically reviewed for adults and adolescents undergoing the following procedures: adjustable gastric band, sleeve gastrectomy, Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass and biliopancreatic diversion/duodenal switch. Using methods based on Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network methodology, the levels of evidence and recommendations have been graded. These guidelines are comprehensive, encompassing preoperative and postoperative biochemical monitoring, vitamin and mineral supplementation and correction of nutrition deficiencies before, and following bariatric surgery, and make recommendations for safe clinical practice in the U.K. setting.
Efficacy and tolerability of the updosing of second‐generation non‐sedating H1 antihistamines in children with chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Sarti Lucrezia , Barni Simona , Giovannini Mattia , Liccioli Giulia , Novembre Elio , Mori Francesca 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundChronic urticaria (CU), daily wheals or angioedema that lasts more than 6 weeks, is a common skin disease; CU is classified as spontaneous (no specific eliciting factor involved) or inducible (specific eliciting factor involved). Recent EAACI guidelines for management of CSU recommend second‐generation non‐sedating H1 antihistamines (sgAH1s) as initial treatment in children (weight‐adjusted) as in adults, followed by increased doses (up to 4 times) if the standard dose is not effective. The efficacy and tolerability of fourfold updosing in adults are known, but there is little documentation regarding updosing in the pediatric population. This retrospective study evaluates the efficacy and tolerability of the updosing of sgAH1s in children with CSU in a tertiary care pediatric hospital.MethodsThe electronic charts of patients diagnosed with CSU and referred to the Allergy Unit of Meyer Children's University hospital were reviewed during a period of 4 years. For each patient, an examination of demographic characteristics, diagnostic workup, efficacy, and tolerability of the treatment was performed. Disease activity was monitored using UAS7.ResultsSixty‐six cases of CSU were identified, and all of them were treated initially with a standard dose of sgAH1s, followed by increased doses up to fourfold when standard dosing was not effective. 44/66 patients (66.7%) treated with sgAH1s responded: 25 with a standard dose, 16 with a double, 2 with threefold dose, and 1 with fourfold dose. 12/66 (18.2%) patients began a therapy with omalizumab. As for the remaining patients, 10/66 (15.1%), they are still undergoing therapy with sgAH1s because of the relapse of the symptoms after the stepped‐down dosage. Regarding tolerability, 9/66 (13.6%) patients treated with sgAH1s experienced side effects: three that required treatment change and six that did not.ConclusionOur data were consistent with the tolerability of updosing of sgAH1s in children with CSU, although the efficacy appears to be limited to double the standard dose.
Retrospective analysis of biochemical limitations to photosynthesis in 49 species: C4 crops appear still adapted to pre‐industrial atmospheric [CO2]
Authors: Pignon Charles P. , Long Stephen P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLeaf CO2 uptake (A) in C4 photosynthesis is limited by the maximum apparent rate of PEPc carboxylation (Vpmax) at low intercellular [CO2] (ci) with a sharp transition to a ci‐saturated rate (Vmax) due to co‐limitation by ribulose‐1:5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and regeneration of PEP. The response of A to ci has been widely used to determine these two parameters. Vmax and Vpmax depend on different enzymes but draw on a shared pool of leaf resources, such that resource distribution is optimized, and A maximized, when Vmax and Vpmax are co‐limiting. We collected published A/ci curves in 49 C4 species and assessed variation in photosynthetic traits between phylogenetic groups, and as a function of atmospheric [CO2]. The balance of Vmax‐Vpmax varied among evolutionary lineages and C4 subtypes. Operating A was strongly Vmax‐limited, such that re‐allocation of resources from Vpmax towards Vmax was predicted to improve A by 12% in C4 crops. This would not require additional inputs but rather altered partitioning of existing leaf nutrients, resulting in increased water and nutrient‐use efficiency. Optimal partitioning was achieved only in plants grown at pre‐industrial atmospheric [CO2], suggesting C4 crops have not adjusted to the rapid increase in atmospheric [CO2] of the past few decades.
Acute recurrent and chronic pancreatitis in children
Authors: Suzuki Mitsuyoshi , Minowa Kei , Isayama Hiroyuki , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAcute recurrent pancreatitis (ARP) is defined as two distinct episodes of acute pancreatitis (AP), whereas chronic pancreatitis (CP) is caused by persistent inflammation of the pancreas. In children they are caused by genetic mutations, autoimmune pancreatitis, congenital pancreatic abnormalities, and other conditions. Acute recurrent pancreatitis is frequently a precursor to CP, and both are thought to be on the same disease continuum. In particular, genetic factors are associated with early progression of ARP to CP. The diagnosis of CP, as in AP, is based on clinical findings, biochemical tests, and imaging studies. Findings of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction are also important in the diagnosis of CP. A step‐up strategy has become increasingly standard for the treatment of patients with CP. This strategy starts with endoscopic treatment, such as pancreatic sphincterotomy and stenting, and progresses to surgery should endoscopic therapy fail or prove technically impossible. Non‐opioid (e.g. ibuprofen / naproxen) and opioid (e.g. oxycodone) forms of analgesia are widely used in pediatric patients with AP or CP, whereas pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy may be beneficial for patients with abdominal pain, steatorrhea, and malnutrition. Despite the disparity in the age of onset, pediatric CP patients display some similarities to adults in terms of disease progress. To reduce the risk of developing pancreatic exocrine inefficiency, diabetes and pancreatic cancer in the future, clinicians need to be aware of the current diagnostic approach and treatment methods for ARP and CP and refer them to a pediatric gastroenterologist in a timely manner.
Assessing the EU’s 2030 Climate and Energy Policy Framework: Incremental change toward radical transformation?
Authors: Kulovesi Kati , Oberthür Sebastian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article provides a comprehensive overview of the changes to European Union (EU) climate and energy law brought about by the 2030 Climate and Energy Policy Framework. It explains the Framework’s background and objectives, and analyses its main legal instruments. It argues that the 2030 Framework incrementally develops and enhances EU climate law without revolutionizing it, advancing in particular its proceduralization. The article also explores the prospects for future change of the 2030 Framework towards more radical transformation in light of the European Green Deal and the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic.
Effectiveness of an ACT‐based rehabilitation program for the treatment of chronic fatigue: Results from a 12‐months longitudinal study
Authors: Brugnera Agostino , Nordstrand Jacobsen Trym , Woodhouse Astrid , Compare Angelo , Børsting Jacobsen Henrik 
Published: August 2020

Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is potentially effective for treating chronic fatigue. Given the paucity of studies on this topic, we aimed to assess long‐term trajectories of primary (fatigue, quality of life and functional abilities) and secondary outcomes (anxious and depressive symptoms) of an ACT‐based rehabilitation program for patients with chronic fatigue. Further, we examined if changes in potential process variables (psychological inflexibility, metacognitive beliefs, and cognitive and behavioral responses to symptoms) during ACT predicted change in all outcomes across follow‐up. One‐hundred ninety‐five workers on sick leave (mean age: 43.61 ± 9.33 years; 80.5% females) with a diagnosis of chronic fatigue were enrolled in a manualized, 3.5‐week intensive return‐to‐work rehabilitation program based on ACT. All completed a battery of questionnaires at pre‐, post‐treatment, 6 and 12 months follow‐up. We found significant longitudinal changes in most primary and secondary outcomes from pre‐ up to 12 months follow‐up. All process variables significantly decreased from pre‐ up to 12 months follow‐up, and pre‐to‐post changes in fear avoidance beliefs were most often associated with a greater change in outcomes across follow‐up. Depressive symptomatology showed a similar trajectory of change to fatigue, meaning that scores were correlated at each time point and tended to converge over time. This suggests that both symptoms influence each other substantially over a year following the treatment. Concluding, results lend support to the effectiveness of an ACT‐based rehabilitation program for patients with chronic fatigue and provide preliminary evidence for the role of process variables and depressive symptomatology on subsequent change in outcomes.
Questions of faith: Religious affiliations and suicidal ideation among sexual minority young adults
Authors: Blosnich John R. , De Luca Susan , Lytle Megan C. , Brownson Chris 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo examine how the associations of specific religious affiliations with recent suicidal ideation vary by sexual orientation among young adults.MethodThis project was a cross‐sectional secondary analysis of data from the 2006 and 2011 surveys of the National Research Consortium of Counseling Centers in Higher Education. The analytic sample was restricted to persons between the ages of 18–29 (n = 40,150). Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations of religious affiliations with recent suicidal ideation between heterosexual and sexual minority (e.g., gay, lesbian, bisexual, questioning) young adults.ResultsApproximately 6.7% of the sample self‐identified as sexual minority. Compared to heterosexuals, sexual minorities were more likely to report recent suicidal ideation (aOR = 4.52, 95% CI = 3.97–5.16). Among heterosexuals, Unspecified Christian and Catholic denominations were associated with 24% and 37% reduced odds of recent suicidal ideation compared to agnostic/atheist heterosexuals. However, among sexual minorities, Unspecified Christian and Catholic denominations were associated with 68% and 77% increased odds of recent suicidal ideation compared to agnostic/atheist sexual minorities. Unspecified Christian and Catholic sexual minorities had 184% and 198% increased odds of recent suicidal ideation compared to Unitarian/Universalist sexual minorities.ConclusionsAlthough protective for heterosexuals, religious affiliation may not be globally protective against suicidal ideation among sexual minorities.
Bipartite Agentivity Expression in Chinese Passives
Authors: Chen Zhe , Li Yafei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIt is now widely accepted that the Agent argument is introduced by a headF(e.g., v or Voice) separate from V/VP. What is not yet explicitly established is whether or notFalone constitutes the source for agentivity. Merging two facts in Chinese—(i) the unique three‐way division between the long passive, the short passive, and the unaccusative and (ii) the two kinds of subject‐related adjuncts that can occur in a clause—this article demonstrates that there exists a syntactic projection, which we take to beVP, that supports subject‐oriented adverbs but not subject depictives. This suggests clearly that agentivity is in the semantics of V, while the instantiation of the Agent argument depends onF. A structural and semantic analysis based on the bipartite expression of agentivity is given to passives, unaccusatives, and middles.
Fluoroquinolones for BK viral complication after transplantation: Meta‐analysis
Authors: Ito Yusuke , Hino Toshiya , Honda Akira , Kurokawa Mineo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesBK polyomavirus (BKV) causes two distinct complications after transplantation, hemorrhagic cystitis (BKV‐HC) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and BKV‐associated nephropathy (BKVAN) after kidney transplantation (KT). Although fluoroquinolones show efficacy against BKV proliferation in vitro, the clinical effect remains uncertain; thus, we performed meta‐analysis to assess its efficacy in the prophylaxis.MethodsArticles published before March 2020 were searched from PubMed, the Cochrane Library, ISRCTN registry, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Primary outcomes were BKV‐HC after HSCT and BKVAN after KT. Secondary outcomes were BK viremia, viruria after KT, and fluoroquinolone‐related adverse events.ResultsThree trials with 281 patients post‐HSCT and 11 trials with 1882 patients post KT were included as for prophylaxis. Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis did not show effects on BKV‐HC (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.13‐2.25), BKVAN (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.35‐1.55), and BK viremia (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.49‐1.28), but significantly decreased BK viruria (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.45‐0.91). Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis was associated with the higher percentage of fluoroquinolone‐resistant infection among identified bacteria (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.16‐4.88), but the incidence of fluoroquinolone‐resistant infection was similar (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.71‐1.86), due to the decrease of infection itself (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.34‐0.81).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis showed that fluoroquinolones did not prevent BKV‐HC after HSCT or BKVAN after KT, although the effect against BKV‐HC should be further investigated by randomized controlled trials. Fluoroquinolones could reduce the rate of BK viruria to some extent but may not have clinically sufficient effects.
Red blood cell and platelet transfusion support in the first 30 and 100 days after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant
Authors: Yuan Shan , Yang Dongyun , Nakamura Ryotaro , Zhuang Lefan , Al Malki Monzr M. , Karanes Chatchada , Wang Shirong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo‐HSCT) recipients often require substantial but variable transfusion support.Study Design and MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective study evaluated the red blood cell (RBC) and platelet (PLT) transfusion data of first‐time allo‐HSCT recipients transplanted in 2011 to 2017. Multivariate analyses were performed to assess the associations between patient and transplant‐related factors and transfusion requirements.ResultsThe study included 1762 patients who received peripheral blood stem cells (88.2%), marrow (7.0%), or umbilical cord (4.8%) from matched related (38.3%), unrelated (49.2%), or haploidentical (7.8%) donors. Almost all patients required RBCs (88.3%) or PLTs (97.4%) during the first 30 days, with medians of 3 (range, 1‐37) RBC and 6 (range, 1‐144) PLT units transfused. Fewer patients required RBC (43.8%) or PLT (27.3%) transfusions during Days 31 to 100, but the median (range) numbers of RBC and PLT units remained high at 3 (1‐36) and 6 (1‐116) among transfused patients. RBC and PLT transfusion independence was reached in medians of 24 (95% confidence interval [CI], 22‐26) and 12 (95% CI, 11‐12) days, respectively. Haploidentical donor, cord graft, and requiring RBC transfusions in the 10 days before HSCT were the most significant independent factors predictive of increased transfusion requirements. Advanced disease, diagnosis, ABO incompatibility, conditioning intensity, CD34+ cell dose, presence of severe acute graft‐vs‐host disease, and changes in recommended transfusion triggers were also shown to independently impact transfusion requirements.ConclusionsThis study provided for the first time quantitative and comparative transfusion data on a large contemporary cohort of HSCT recipients, including haploidentical and cord graft recipients, and identified factors predictive of increased transfusions.
Characterization of the renal cortical transcriptome following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in experimental diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Nair Meera , Martin William P , Zhernovkov Vadim , Elliott Jessie A , Fearon Naomi , Eckhardt Hans , McCormack Janet , Godson Catherine , Brennan Eoin Patrick , Marai Mariam , Fandriks Lars , Docherty Neil G , le Roux Carel W 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionRoux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) reduces albuminuria and the long-term incidence of end-stage renal disease in patients with obesity and diabetes. Preclinical modeling in experimental diabetic kidney disease demonstrates that improvements in glomerular structure likely underpin these findings.Research design and methodsIn adult male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, we profiled the effect of RYGB on weight and metabolic control as well biochemical, structural and ultrastructural indices of diabetic renal injury. Furthermore, we sequenced the renal cortical transcriptome in these rats and used bioinformatic pathway analyses to characterize the transcriptional alterations governing the renal reparative response to RYGB.ResultsIn parallel with improvements in weight and metabolic control, RYGB reduced albuminuria, glomerulomegaly, podocyte stress and podocyte foot process effacement. Pathway analysis of RYGB-induced transcriptomic changes in the renal cortex highlighted correction of disease-associated alterations in fibrosis, inflammation and biological oxidation pathways. RYGB reversed disease-associated changes in the expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily genes that strongly correlated with improvements in structural measures of glomerulopathy.ConclusionsImproved glomerular structure in ZDF rats following RYGB is underpinned by pathway level changes, including interruption of the TGF-β-driven early profibrotic programme. Our data provide an important layer of experimental support for clinical evidence demonstrating that RYGB arrests renal damage in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes.