bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Bernstein Polynomial Multiwavelets for Solving Non Linear Variational Problems with Moving and Fixed Boundaries
Authors: Dixit Sandeep , Pandey Shweta , Verma Sag Ram 
Published: November 2020

Background:
In this article, an efficient direct method has been proposed in order to
solve physically significant variational problems. The proposed technique finds its basis in Bernstein
polynomials multiwavelets (BPMWs). The mechanism of the proposed method is to transform
the variational problem into an algebraic equation system through the use of BPMWs.

Objective:
Since the necessary condition of extremization consists of a differential equation that
cannot be easily integrated into complex cases, an approximated numerical solution becomes a necessity.
Our primary objective was to establish a wavelet-based method for solving variational problems
of physical interest. Besides being computationally more effective, the proposed approach
yields relatively more accurate results than other comparable methods. The approach employs fewer
basis elements, which in turn increase the simplicity, decrease the calculation time, and furnishes
better results.

Methods:
An operational matrix of integration, which is based on the BPMWs, is presented. We
substituted the approximated values of x , unknown function ξ (x) and their derivative functions
( ), ( ),..... ( ) ξ ′ x ξ ′′ x ξ n x with BPMWs operational matrix of integration and BPMWs. On substituting
the respective values in the given variational problem, it gets converted into a system of algebraic
equations. The obtained system is further solved using the Lagrange multiplier.

Results:
The results obtained yield a greater degree of convergence as compared to other existing
numerical methods. Numerical illustrations based on physical variational problems and the comparisons
of outcomes with exact solutions demonstrate that the proposed method yields better efficiency,
applicability, and accuracy.

Conclusion:
The proposed method gives better results than other comparable methods, even with
the use of a fewer number of basis elements. The large order of matrices, such as 32, 64, and 512,
obtained by using other available methods is far too high to achieve accuracy in results in comparison
to the ones we obtained by using matrices of relatively lower orders, such as 7, 8 and 13, in the
proposed method. This method can also be used for extremization functional occurring in electrical
circuits and mechanical physical problems.
The Determinants of Inclusive Economic Growth in Yogyakarta
Authors: Hidayat Ibnu , Mulatsih Sri , Rindayati Wiwiek 
Published: November 2020

Abstract: Inclusive economic growth is related to how economic growth achieved can reduce poverty, income inequality, and unemployment. The purpose of this study is to analyze factors that influence inclusive economic growth in Yogyakarta. This study used panel data from 2011 to 2017. Estimation of the model (simultaneous equations) used the Two-Stage Least Square (2SLS) method. The result of the analysis showed that Factors that have a positive impact on inclusive economic growth are household consumption, exports of service/goods, foreign investment, domestic investment, per capita income, and average length of year of study. Whereas the negative influence is the level of open unemployment and imports of service/goods. An increase in household consumption by 2% willincrease gross regional domestic product by 1.5%, decrease the open unemployment rate by 3.0%, decrease poverty by 10.7%, and decrease income inequality by 5.5%.Keywords: inclusive economic growth. simultaneous equations. 2SLS Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Inklusif di YogyakartaAbstrak: Pertumbuhan ekonomi dikatakan inklusif jika memberi manfaat bagi masyarakat bawah seperti dapat mengurangi kemiskinan, ketimpangan pendapatan, dan pengangguran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel dari tahun 2011 hingga tahun 2017. Estimasi model (persamaan simultan) menggunakan metode Two Stage Least Square (2SLS). Analisis menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif adalah konsumsi rumah tangga, ekspor barang/jasa, investasi asing, investasi domestik, pendapatan perkapita, dan rata-rata lama sekolah. Sedangkan pengaruh negatifnya adalah tingkat pengangguran terbuka dan impor barang/jasa. Peningkatan konsumsi rumah tangga sebesar 2% akan meningkatkan produk domestik regional bruto sebesar 1.5%, menurunkan tingkat pengangguran terbuka sebesar 3.0%, menurunkan kemiskinan sebesar 10.7% dan menurunkan ketimpangan pendapatan sebesar 5.5%.Kata kunci: pertumbuhan ekonomi inklusif. persamaan simultan. 2SLS
Identifying Health Economic Considerations to Include in the Research Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial (the REDUCE-RISK Trial): Systematic Literature Review and Assessment
Authors: Neyt Mattias , Christiaens Annick , Aloi Marina , de Ridder Lissy , Croft Nicholas M , Koletzko Sibylle , Levine Arie , Turner Dan , Russell Richard K , Ruemmele Frank M , Veereman Gigi 
Published: November 2020

Background
The REDUCE-RISK trial was set up to compare the effectiveness of weekly subcutaneously administered methotrexate with daily oral azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine in low-risk Crohn disease (CD) or subcutaneously administered adalimumab (ADA) in high-risk CD in a pediatric population (age 6-17 years).

Objective
The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review to provide input into the research protocol to gather the necessary information to improve the performance of an evidence-based economic evaluation when the trial is finished.

Methods
The Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) Health Technology Assessment (HTA) database, websites of HTA institutes, CRD’s National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database, MEDLINE (OVID), and Embase databases were consulted to retrieve (reviews of) relevant economic evaluations. Studies were eligible if they included a pediatric or adult population with inflammatory bowel diseases (CD and ulcerative colitis [UC]) treated with ADA (Humira). There were no restrictions on the comparator. Only economic evaluations expressing outcomes in life years gained or quality-adjusted life years gained were selected.

Results
A total of 12 primary studies were identified. None of these studies included a pediatric population because of a lack of supporting trials. The economic evaluations identified in our systematic review indicate that ADA is an appropriate intervention for inclusion in such a trial. From a health economic point of view, it is important to make an incremental analysis comparing such an intervention with standard care and not immediately versus another (expensive) biological treatment. Information on the impact of children’s school attendance and parents’ productivity is currently lacking in economic evaluations, and none of the underlying trials measured quality of life (QoL) using a generic utility instrument.

Conclusions
The review of the economic literature on ADA for the treatment of patients with CD supports the performance of a trial with biologicals in pediatric patients, including making a distinction according to disease severity. Conducting an economic literature review enabled us to decide which variables should be added to the research protocol from an economic point of view. Measurements for children’s and parents’ QoL (EuroQol 5-Dimension questionnaires), children’s school attendance, and parents’ productivity (WPAI-CD-CG questionnaire) were added to the research protocol. This will provide support for the calculation of the cost-effectiveness of the interventions evaluated in the REDUCE-RISK trial.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02852694; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02852694
Patterns of Use of Smartphone-Based Interventions Among Latina Breast Cancer Survivors: Secondary Analysis of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Baik Sharon H , Oswald Laura B , Buscemi Joanna , Buitrago Diana , Iacobelli Francisco , Perez-Tamayo Alejandra , Guitelman Judith , Penedo Frank J , Yanez Betina 
Published: November 2020

Background
Latina breast cancer survivors experience poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL), greater symptom burden, and more psychosocial needs compared to non-Latina breast cancer survivors. eHealth platforms such as smartphone apps are increasingly being used to deliver psychosocial interventions to cancer survivors. However, few psychosocial eHealth interventions have been developed specifically for Latina breast cancer survivors. Further, little is known about how Latinas, in general, engage with eHealth interventions and whether specific participant characteristics are associated with app use in this population. We evaluated the use of 2 culturally informed, evidence-based smartphone apps for Latina breast cancer survivors—one that was designed to improve HRQoL and reduce symptom burden (My Guide) and the other to promote healthy lifestyle behaviors (My Health).

Objective
The objectives of our study were to explore the patterns of use of the My Guide intervention app and My Health attention-control app among Latina breast cancer survivors.

Methods
Eighty Latina breast cancer survivors were randomized to use the My Guide or My Health app for 6 weeks. Assessments were collected at baseline (T1), immediately after the 6-week intervention (T2), and 2 weeks after T2 (T3). Specific study outcomes included subdomains of HRQoL, symptom burden, cancer-specific distress, cancer-relevant self-efficacy, and breast cancer knowledge.

Results
On average, participants used their assigned app for more than 1 hour per week. Sociodemographic or psychological characteristics were not significantly associated with app use, except for employment status in the My Health group. Content related to common physical and emotional symptoms of breast cancer survivors as well as recommendations for nutrition and physical activity were most frequently accessed by My Guide and My Health participants, respectively. Lastly, clinically meaningful improvements were demonstrated in breast cancer well-being among low app users (ie, <60 minutes of use/week) of My Guide and social well-being among high app users (ie, ≥60 minutes of use/week) of My Health.

Conclusions
The favorable rates of participant use across both apps suggest that Latina breast cancer survivors are interested in the content delivered across both My Guide and My Health. Furthermore, since sociodemographic variables, excluding employment status, and baseline HRQoL (psychological variable) were not related to app use, My Guide and My Health may be accessible to diverse Latina breast cancer survivors.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03645005; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03645005
Stakeholder Feedback of Electronic Medication Adherence Products: Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Faisal Sadaf , Ivo Jessica , McDougall Aidan , Patel Tejal 
Published: November 2020

Background
Medication management among older adults continues to be a challenge, and innovative electronic medication adherence products have been developed to address this need.

Objective
The aim of this study is to examine user experience with electronic medication adherence products, with particular emphasis on features, usefulness, and preferences.

Methods
Older adults, caregivers, and health care providers tested the usability of 22 electronic medication adherence products. After testing 5 products, participants were invited to participate in a one-on-one interview to investigate their perceptions and experiences with the features, usefulness, and preference for electronic medication adherence products tested. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using exploratory inductive coding to generate themes. The first 13 interviews were independently coded by 2 researchers. The percentage agreement and Cohen kappa after analyzing those interviews were 79% and 0.79, respectively. A single researcher analyzed the remaining interviews.

Results
Of the 37 participants, 21 (57%) were older adults, 5 (14%) were caregivers, and 11 (30%) were health care providers. The themes and subthemes generated from the qualitative analysis included product factors (subthemes: simplicity and product features, including availability and usability of alarms, portability, restricted access to medications, and storage capacity) and user factors (subthemes: sentiment, affordability, physical and cognitive capability, and technology literacy and learnability).

Conclusions
Electronic medication adherence products have the potential to enable independent medication management in older adults. The choice of a particular product should be made after considering individual preferences for product features, affordability, and the sentiment of the users. Older adults, caregivers, and health care providers prefer electronic medication adherence products that are simple to set up and use, are portable, have easy-to-access medication compartments, are secure, and have adequate storage capacity.
Limitations of Deep Learning Attention Mechanisms in Clinical Research: Empirical Case Study Based on the Korean Diabetic Disease Setting
Authors: Kim Junetae , Lee Sangwon , Hwang Eugene , Ryu Kwang Sun , Jeong Hanseok , Lee Jae Wook , Hwangbo Yul , Choi Kui Son , Cha Hyo Soung 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundDespite excellent prediction performance, noninterpretability has undermined the value of applying deep-learning algorithms in clinical practice. To overcome this limitation, attention mechanism has been introduced to clinical research as an explanatory modeling method. However, potential limitations of using this attractive method have not been clarified to clinical researchers. Furthermore, there has been a lack of introductory information explaining attention mechanisms to clinical researchers.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to introduce the basic concepts and design approaches of attention mechanisms. In addition, we aimed to empirically assess the potential limitations of current attention mechanisms in terms of prediction and interpretability performance.MethodsFirst, the basic concepts and several key considerations regarding attention mechanisms were identified. Second, four approaches to attention mechanisms were suggested according to a two-dimensional framework based on the degrees of freedom and uncertainty awareness. Third, the prediction performance, probability reliability, concentration of variable importance, consistency of attention results, and generalizability of attention results to conventional statistics were assessed in the diabetic classification modeling setting. Fourth, the potential limitations of attention mechanisms were considered.ResultsPrediction performance was very high for all models. Probability reliability was high in models with uncertainty awareness. Variable importance was concentrated in several variables when uncertainty awareness was not considered. The consistency of attention results was high when uncertainty awareness was considered. The generalizability of attention results to conventional statistics was poor regardless of the modeling approach.ConclusionsThe attention mechanism is an attractive technique with potential to be very promising in the future. However, it may not yet be desirable to rely on this method to assess variable importance in clinical settings. Therefore, along with theoretical studies enhancing attention mechanisms, more empirical studies investigating potential limitations should be encouraged.
Automated Diagnosis of Various Gastrointestinal Lesions Using a Deep Learning–Based Classification and Retrieval Framework With a Large Endoscopic Database: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Owais Muhammad , Arsalan Muhammad , Mahmood Tahir , Kang Jin Kyu , Park Kang Ryoung 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe early diagnosis of various gastrointestinal diseases can lead to effective treatment and reduce the risk of many life-threatening conditions. Unfortunately, various small gastrointestinal lesions are undetectable during early-stage examination by medical experts. In previous studies, various deep learning–based computer-aided diagnosis tools have been used to make a significant contribution to the effective diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. However, most of these methods were designed to detect a limited number of gastrointestinal diseases, such as polyps, tumors, or cancers, in a specific part of the human gastrointestinal tract.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a comprehensive computer-aided diagnosis tool to assist medical experts in diagnosing various types of gastrointestinal diseases.MethodsOur proposed framework comprises a deep learning–based classification network followed by a retrieval method. In the first step, the classification network predicts the disease type for the current medical condition. Then, the retrieval part of the framework shows the relevant cases (endoscopic images) from the previous database. These past cases help the medical expert validate the current computer prediction subjectively, which ultimately results in better diagnosis and treatment.ResultsAll the experiments were performed using 2 endoscopic data sets with a total of 52,471 frames and 37 different classes. The optimal performances obtained by our proposed method in accuracy, F1 score, mean average precision, and mean average recall were 96.19%, 96.99%, 98.18%, and 95.86%, respectively. The overall performance of our proposed diagnostic framework substantially outperformed state-of-the-art methods.ConclusionsThis study provides a comprehensive computer-aided diagnosis framework for identifying various types of gastrointestinal diseases. The results show the superiority of our proposed method over various other recent methods and illustrate its potential for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Our proposed network can be applicable to other classification domains in medical imaging, such as computed tomography scans, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound sequences.
Novel Assessments of Technical and Nontechnical Cardiac Surgery Quality: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Likosky Donald , Yule Steven J , Mathis Michael R , Dias Roger D , Corso Jason J , Zhang Min , Krein Sarah L , Caldwell Matthew D , Louis Nathan , Janda Allison M , Shah Nirav J , Pagani Francis D , Stakich-Alpirez Korana , Manojlovich Milisa M 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundOf the 150,000 patients annually undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, 35% develop complications that increase mortality 5 fold and expenditure by 50%. Differences in patient risk and operative approach explain only 2% of hospital variations in some complications. The intraoperative phase remains understudied as a source of variation, despite its complexity and amenability to improvement.ObjectiveThe objectives of this study are to (1) investigate the relationship between peer assessments of intraoperative technical skills and nontechnical practices with risk-adjusted complication rates and (2) evaluate the feasibility of using computer-based metrics to automate the assessment of important intraoperative technical skills and nontechnical practices.MethodsThis multicenter study will use video recording, established peer assessment tools, electronic health record data, registry data, and a high-dimensional computer vision approach to (1) investigate the relationship between peer assessments of surgeon technical skills and variability in risk-adjusted patient adverse events; (2) investigate the relationship between peer assessments of intraoperative team-based nontechnical practices and variability in risk-adjusted patient adverse events; and (3) use quantitative and qualitative methods to explore the feasibility of using objective, data-driven, computer-based assessments to automate the measurement of important intraoperative determinants of risk-adjusted patient adverse events.ResultsThe project has been funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute in 2019 (R01HL146619). Preliminary Institutional Review Board review has been completed at the University of Michigan by the Institutional Review Boards of the University of Michigan Medical School.ConclusionsWe anticipate that this project will substantially increase our ability to assess determinants of variation in complication rates by specifically studying a surgeon’s technical skills and operating room team member nontechnical practices. These findings may provide effective targets for future trials or quality improvement initiatives to enhance the quality and safety of cardiac surgical patient care.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/22536
William Ritter entre la race et le sang : une exploration romanesque et ethnographique
Authors: Fianco Fabiana 
Published: November 2020

Dans ses souvenirs, William Ritter affirme avoir toujours eu une « âme inquiète » et avoir aimé « tout ce qui n’était pas l’endroit présent, tout ce qui était ailleurs et au plus lointain ailleurs possible ». Constamment attiré par « la passion de la planète » et par l’étranger, il a ainsi joué un rôle essentiel dans la découverte et la divulgation des cultures les plus ignorées et parfois les moins appréciées par ses contemporains. Le présent article explore le discours ethnographique de Ritter, qui révèle sa conception de la race, ses convictions antisémites et son rapport au sang et à sa symbolique. Il s’attache à montrer que la race est souvent pour Ritter un stéréotype assez figé, tant dans son écriture romanesque que dans ses rêves d’une édification nationale fondée sur le folklore.
Keywords: race, sang, slavité, antisémitisme, nationalisme
«Oh misero Torquato!», «Dispera / l’ultima volta», «Nec miser vive, / sed obstinata mente perfer, obdura». Confronto di alcuni versi di "Ad Angelo Mai", "A se stesso" e Catullo VIII
Authors: Rossi Orts Chiara 
Published: November 2020

L’articolo analizza i legami tematici e strutturali esistenti tra alcune parti di Ad Angelo Mai (in particolare le strofe 7, 8 e 9) e A se stesso, ossia i testi che danno inizio e fine all’evoluzione della tematica delle illusioni all’interno dei Canti. Riconosciuto questo rapporto, si ipotizza un nesso tra la canzone del 1820 e il carme VIII di Catullo, recentemente individuato come modello per A se stesso e probabilmente già presente durante la stesura di Ad Angelo Mai, anche se con diversa funzione.
Keywords: Giacomo Leopardi, illusioni, Ad Angelo Mai, A se stesso, Catullo.
"Uno di quella gente condor": prime ipotesi sull’apprendistato poetico di Franco Beltrametti
Authors: Ambrosino Marco 
Published: November 2020

L’opera letteraria di Franco Beltrametti è composta da piccole edizioni a tiratura limitata e da uno svariato numero di pubblicazioni in rivista. Una produzione assai diversificata ha reso la sua poetica sfuggente, difficilmente collocabile all’interno di un unico movimento poetico riconoscibile, producendo di fatto pochi studi al riguardo. L’articolo intende concentrarsi sui materiali d’archivio relativi all’apprendistato poetico di Beltrametti e alla sua opera d’esordio, Uno di quella gente condor (1970), con l’intenzione di indagare quanto le esperienze maturate in Giappone e in California abbiano inciso sulla sua prima pubblicazione.
Keywords: Franco Beltrametti, Uno di quella gente condor, Beat Generation, Archivio svizzero di letteratura (ASL), Haiku.