bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paternal gender specificity and mild phenotypes in Charcot–Marie–Tooth type 1A patients with de novo 17p12 rearrangements
Authors: Lee Ah J. , Nam Da E. , Choi Yu J. , Noh Seung W. , Nam Soo H. , Lee Hye J. , Kim Seung J. , Song Gyun J. , Choi Byung‐Ok , Chung Ki W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCharcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) are developed by duplication and deletion of the 17p12 (PMP22) region, respectively.MethodsDe novo rates were determined in 211 CMT1A or HNPP trio families, and then, analyzed gender‐specific genetic features and clinical phenotypes of the de novo cases.ResultsThis study identified 40 de novo cases (19.0%). Paternal origin was highly frequent compared to maternal origin (p = .005). Most de novo CMT1A rearrangements occurred between non‐sister chromatids (p = .003), but it was interesting that three of the four sister chromatids exchange cases were observed in the less frequent maternal origin. Paternal ages at the affected child births were slightly higher in the de novo CMT1A group than in the non‐de novo CMT1A control group (p = .0004). For the disability score of CMTNS, the de novo CMT1A group had a slightly lower value compared to the control group (p = .005). Electrophysiological studies showed no significant differences between the two groups.ConclusionThis study suggests that de novo CMT1A patients tend to have milder symptoms and that the paternal ages at child births in the de novo group are higher than those of the non‐de novo group.
Delivery systems with crowd‐sourced drivers: A pickup and delivery problem with transfers
Authors: Sampaio Afonso , Savelsbergh Martin , Veelenturf Lucas P. , Van Woensel Tom 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRapid urban growth, the increasing importance of e‐commerce and high consumer service expectations have given rise to new and innovative models for freight delivery within urban environments. Crowdsourced solutions—where drivers are not employed by a carrier but occasionally offer their services through on‐line platforms and are contracted as required by carriers—are receiving growing attention from industry. We consider a crowdsourced system where drivers express their availability to perform delivery tasks for a given period of time and the platform communicates a schedule with requests to serve. We investigate the potential benefits of introducing transfers to support driver activities. At transfer locations, drivers can drop off packages for pick up by other drivers at a later time. We frame the problem as a multidepot pickup and delivery problem with time windows and transfers, and propose an adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm that effectively identifies beneficial transfer opportunities and synchronizes driver operations. Computational experiments indicate that introducing transfer options can significantly reduce system‐wide travel distance as well as the number of drivers required to serve a given set of requests, especially when drivers have short availability and requests have high service requirements.
An observation on the uniform preconditioners for the mixed Darcy problem
Authors: Bærland Trygve , Kuchta Miroslav , Mardal Kent‐Andre , Thompson Travis 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhen solving a multiphysics problem one often decomposes a monolithic system into simpler, frequently single‐physics, subproblems. A comprehensive solution strategy may commonly be attempted, then, by means of combining strategies devised for the constituent subproblems. When decomposing the monolithic problem, however, it may be that requiring a particular scaling for one subproblem enforces an undesired scaling on another. In this manuscript we consider the H(div)‐based mixed formulation of the Darcy problem as a single‐physics subproblem; the hydraulic conductivity, K, is considered intrinsic and not subject to any rescaling. Preconditioners for such porous media flow problems in mixed form are frequently based on H(div) preconditioners rather than the pressure Schur complement. We show that when the hydraulic conductivity, K, is small the pressure Schur complement can also be utilized for H(div)‐based preconditioners. The proposed approach employs an operator preconditioning framework to establish a robust, K‐uniform block preconditioner. The mapping property of the continuous operator is a key component in applying the theoretical framework point of view. As such, a main challenge addressed here is establishing a K‐uniform inf‐sup condition with respect to appropriately weighted Hilbert intersection‐ and sum spaces.
H∞ tracking control of two‐dimensional fuzzy networked systems
Authors: Li Lizhen , Tanaka Kazuo , Chai Yuan , Liu Qiong 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIn this article, the H∞ tracking control problem is first considered for two‐dimensional fuzzy networked control systems. The system is described by fuzzy blending of the so‐called second Fornasini‐Marchesini local linear state‐space model. Based on the fuzzy model, an observer‐based state feedback controller is employed to guarantee the H∞ tracking performance. The separation property is established in the case of observer‐based H∞ tracking control framework, that is, the controller gains and observer gains can be simultaneously obtained by solving two sets of linear matrix inequalities. A simulation example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Impact of variable look‐back periods on the incidence rates of chronic diseases using real world data
Authors: Rosenlund Mats , Ekström Nils , Törnblom Michael , Wintzell Viktor , Stark James H. , Titievsky Lina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeEstimating disease incidence based on secondary data requires a look‐back period to exclude patients with pre‐existing disease from the incidence risk set. However, the optimal length of the look‐back period and its impact on incidence rates are often unknown. We studied the impact of the length of the look‐back period on incidence rates of 24 different chronic diseases.MethodsEveryone residing in Sweden between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2013 were identified from national registries and followed up to 2 years (through December 31, 2015). Outcome events were identified from inpatient and outpatient hospital contacts and incidence rates were calculated per 100 000 person‐years. The length of the look‐back period was varied with 6‐month increments, starting at 6 months. The maximum look‐back period of 9 years was used as reference period.ResultsThere were 7 943 807 individuals with a look‐back period of at least 9 years (mean age 46.5 years) and a mean follow‐up time of 1.97 years. Incidence rates were higher across all diseases when restricting the look‐back to 1 year compared to 9 years, with a magnitude of overestimation of the incidence rates between 13% (temporal arteritis) and 174% (type 1 diabetes). However, for most diseases the effect of extending the look‐back period beyond 3‐5 years appeared comparably small.ConclusionsThis study illustrates how short look‐back periods cause overestimation of the incidence rates of chronic diseases, suggesting that sensitivity analyses with respect to look‐back period are considered, particularly using data sources with limited information on past medical history.
Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data extrapolation models for improved pediatric efficacy and toxicity estimation, with application to secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Basu Cynthia , Ma Xiaoye , Mo May , Xia Hong Amy , Brundage Richard , Al‐Kofahi Mahmoud , Carlin Bradley P. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIn most drug development settings, the regulatory approval process is accompanied by extensive studies performed to understand the drug's pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) properties. In this article, we attempt to utilize the rich PK/PD data to inform the borrowing of information from adults during pediatric drug development. In pediatric settings, it is especially crucial that we are parsimonious with the patients recruited for experimentation. We illustrate our approaches in the context of clinical trials of cinacalcet for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism in pediatric and adult patients with chronic kidney disease, where we model both parathyroid hormone (efficacy endpoint) and corrected calcium levels (safety endpoint). We use population PK/PD modeling of the cinacalcet data to quantitatively assess the similarity between adults and children, and use this information in various hierarchical Bayesian adult borrowing rules whose statistical properties can then be evaluated. In particular, we simulate the bias and mean square error performance of our approaches in settings where borrowing is and is not warranted to inform guidelines for the future use of our methods.
Uveitis developing in tuberculous lymphadenitis‐associated Behçet's disease during anti‐tuberculosis therapy
Authors: Takahashi Saeko , Otomo Kotaro , Kawakami Yoko , Nakamura Morio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBehçet's disease (BD) is thought to be elicited by triggers such as tuberculosis (TB) infection in individuals with genetically aberrant immune activity, although the exact pathogenesis remains unknown. Seven cases of BD thought to be triggered by TB have been reported to date. In all cases, Behçet's symptoms improved smoothly after starting TB treatment. We present the first report of uveitis developing two months after starting TB treatment in a 46‐year‐old woman with tuberculous lymphadenitis presenting with oral and genital ulcers and erythema nodosum‐like lesions on diagnosis of TB. The appearance of uveitis was attributed to a paradoxical reaction in TB because of simultaneous relapse of lymphadenopathy and retinal findings on fluorescein angiography. Although rare, physicians should be aware that ocular involvement can occur during anti‐TB therapy, most likely with extrapulmonary TB, because ocular involvement may decrease patient quality of life if visual symptoms become irreversible with delayed diagnosis and treatment.
Public relations and legitimacy: A study of new ventures on the corporate life cycle
Authors: Ma Qiang , Li Xueling , Chaudhry Peggy E. , Chaudhry Sohail S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn 2013, Germany, a world leading industrialized nation published its Industry 4.0 strategic plan. The term Industry 4.0 has been referred to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In this paper, in the era of Industry 4.0, we studied the importance of three types of legitimacy related to the different stages of new ventures. A framework was designed using the concept of guanxi to better understand its relationship to the corporate life cycle. In this study, two different kinds of guanxi, business and political, affect the legitimacy of a company.
Applying system archetypes in real estate development crises
Authors: Abdel‐Latif Amr , Saad‐Eldien Ahmed , Marzouk Mohamed 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReal estate development organizations are working in an environment that is associated with uncertainties due to the complexity of their structure and operation systems, which make them more prone to crises events. Therefore, a proactive approach for crisis management should be integrated with their long‐term strategies. System archetypes have the ability to unfold the complexity within these organizations and to provide them with an effective aiding tool in this management process. Identifying crises' scenarios and deploying them on system archetypes are essential in order to make the archetypes functional and operative. The standard archetypes in their qualitative form clarify crises' symptoms, characteristics, root causes and consequences. While in their quantitative form demonstrate with numbers the positive impact of the adopted containment strategy. The outcome of the deployment process provides a comprehensive knowledge about crises' scenarios and their containment policies that enhances the decision‐making process within the organizations.
Correct use of non-indexed eGFR for drug dosing and renal drug-related problems at hospital admission
Authors: Seiberth Sarah , Bauer Dominik , Schönermarck Ulf , Mannell Hanna , Stief Christian , Hasford Joerg , Strobach Dorothea 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTwo to seven percent of the German adult population has a renal impairment (RI) with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73m2. This often remains unrecognized and adjustment of drug therapy is lacking. To determine renal function in clinical routine, the CKD-EPI equation is used to calculate an indexed eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2). For drug dosing, it has to be individualized to a non-indexed eGFR (ml/min) by the patient’s body surface area. Here, we investigated the number of patients admitted to urological wards of a teaching hospital with RI between July and December 2016. Additionally, we correctly used the eGFRnon-indexedfor drug and dosage adjustments and to analyse the use of renal risk drugs (RRD) and renal drug-related problems (rDRP).MethodsIn a retrospective observational study, urological patients with pharmacist-led medication reconciliation at hospital admission and eGFRindexed(CKD-EPI) of 15–59 ml/min/1.73m2were identified. Indexed eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) was recalculated with body surface area to non-indexed eGFR (ml/min) for correct drug dosing. Medication at admission was reviewed for RRD and based on the eGFRnon-indexedfor rDRP, e.g. inappropriate dose or contraindication.ResultsOf 1320 screened patients, 270 (20.5%) presented with an eGFRindexedof 15–59 ml/min/1.73m2. After readjustment, 203 (15.4%) patients had an eGFRnon-indexedof 15–59 ml/min. Of these, 190 (93.6%) used ≥ 1 drugs at admission with 660 of 1209 (54.7%) drugs classified as RRD. At least one rDRP was identified in 115 (60.5%) patients concerning 264 (21.8%) drugs.ConclusionRenal impairment is a common risk factor for medication safety in urologic patients admitted to a hospital. Considerable shifts were seen in eGFR-categories when correctly calculating eGFRnon-indexedfor drug dosing purposes. The fact that more than half of the study patients showed rDRP at hospital admission underlines the need to consider this risk factor appropriately.
Der Übergabeprozess in der zentralen Notaufnahme
Authors: Gräff I. , Ehlers P. , Seidel M. , Schacher S. , Fimmers R. , Jerusalem K. , Pin M. 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Weitergabe von Informationen in einer stressbesetzten, hoch dynamischen Arbeitsumgebung wie der zentralen Notaufnahme (ZNA) stellt eine Risikoquelle für die Entstehung von Behandlungsfehlern dar und ist somit mortalitätsbeeinflussend.

Ziel der Arbeit
In der Arbeit wird untersucht, welchen Stellenwert dem Übergabeprozess durch die beteiligten Berufsgruppen beigemessen wird und welche strukturellen Merkmale bzw. Rahmenbedingungen dem Übergabeprozess von diesen zugeschrieben werden.

Material und Methoden
Bei der vorliegenden Studie handelte es sich um eine anonyme, freiwillige, webbasierte (Online‑)Umfrage, die mittels eines strukturierten elektronischen Fragebogens durchgeführt wurde.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt haben 2728 Teilnehmer an der Onlineumfrage teilgenommen. Nahezu alle Teilnehmer-/innen benennen die Übergabe als outcomerelevanten Parameter für die Patienten, allerdings sehen 3 von 4 Teilnehmern den Übergabeprozess als verbesserungswürdig an. Bei der Selbsteinschätzung meinen 4 von 5 Teilnehmer-/innen, die Übergabe zu beherrschen. Es lässt sich unter den Teilnehmern kein favorisiertes Übergabeschema erkennen, die Mehrheit benutzt entweder ein eigenes oder gar kein Übergabeschema. Eine hohe Übereinstimmung zwischen Rettungsdienst und ZNA-Mitarbeitern liegt in Bezug auf Kerninhalte und Rahmenbedingungen der Übergabe vor. Mit großer Mehrheit zeigt sich der Wunsch nach einem einheitlichen Übergabeschema sowie nach Integrierung in Aus- und Fortbildungskonzepte.

Diskussion
Als Konsequenz der Umfrage sollte zügig auf nationaler Ebene mit allen an der Übergabe beteiligten Strukturen ein standardisiertes Übergabeverfahren etabliert werden. Die Bereitstellung entsprechender finanzieller und personeller Ressourcen für die Umsetzung dieses gesundheitspolitischen Ziels ist allerdings Voraussetzung.
Hydraulic stress parameters of a cased caddis larva (Drusus biguttatus) using spatio-temporally filtered velocity measurements
Authors: Waringer Johann , Vitecek Simon , Martini Jan , Zittra Carina , Handschuh Stephan , Vieira Ariane , Kuhlmann Hendrik C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBy studying hydraulic stress parameters of larvae of the cased caddisfly Drusus biguttatus (Pictet, 1834) in a tributary of the Schwarze Sulm (Carinthia, Austria), we aimed on (1) detecting the flow properties of the spatio-temporally filtered velocity measurements taken, and (2) on defining the hydraulic niche of this caddisfly larva. For this, we took 31 measurement series lasting 30 to 300 s, yielding 2176 single velocity measurements. The probability density functions of the 31 data series were Gaussian or sub-Gaussian, and the mean recurrent interval between velocity maxima within a data series was only 15.00 s. As a consequence, the Trichoptera larvae studied have to face strong flow accelerations in short intervals which is a much higher stress than conventional mean velocity measurements would suggest. The hydraulic niche of Drusus biguttatus is defined by instantaneous flow velocities ranging from 0.04 to 0.69 m s−1, by drag forces from 13 × 10−6 to 3737 × 10−6 N, by Froude numbers from 0.13 to 1.20, and mostly by Reynolds numbers > 2000. Under such conditions, only 5.1% of the drag force is compensated by submerged weight, whereas the remainder has to be counterbalanced by the active efforts of the larvae to remain attached to the substrate.
The role of sterols in plant response to abiotic stress
Authors: Rogowska Agata , Szakiel Anna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSterols are integral components of the membrane lipid bilayer and they are involved in many processes occurring in plants, ranging from regulation of growth and development to stress resistance. Maintenance of membrane homeostasis represents one of the principal functions of sterols in plant cells. Plant cell membranes are important sites of perception of environmental abiotic factors, therefore, it can be surmised that sterols may play an important role in the plant stress response. The aim of this review was to discuss the most representative trends in recent studies regarding the role of sterols in plant defense reactions to environmental factors, such as UV radiation, cold and drought stress. Some correlations were observed between changes in the sterol profile, referring to the ratios of individual compounds (including 24-methyl/ethyl sterols and sitosterol/stigmasterol) as well as the relative proportions of conjugated sterols (ASGs, SGs and SEs) and the nature of the stress response. Diversity of sterols and their conjugated forms may allow sessile plants to adapt to environmental stress conditions.
Food systems for resilient futures
Authors: Kahiluoto Helena 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this time of the pandemic, nothing is as it used to be. This change creates space for new narratives towards resilience. The resilience perspective implies preparing for shocks as well as various futures that might evolve. Thus, more sustainable food systems cannot only be built to be pandemic proof. This preparation can be facilitated by co-designing contrasting future narratives, identifying means for developing capacity to adapt to those futures and developing tools to enhance that capacity, such as demonstrated here. The capacity of food systems to adapt and transform is enhanced by dialogue, transparency and collective learning in food value chains and networks, sovereignty over resources, and built-in diversity in response to change. In market-led global food chains, supplier-buyer diversity is important, while in public-led regions with some market protection, farm and crop diversity might matter more in response to variability in weather, price and policies. During, for example, an international conflict, or the time of a pandemic, diverse food sourcing from local producer-consumer cooperatives to community-supported and urban agriculture could secure food for citizens. Assessments of critical diversity in response to shocks and volatility can help actors to tailor effective diversity to manage resilience while avoiding the long-feared trade-off between diversity and resource-use efficiency. The interdependence of humanity deserves attention, as food systems are only as resilient as their weakest actor. A truly resilient global food system implies not only preparedness for coming shocks and changes but also a foundation that makes shocks less probable and critical.
Perioperative Management of Elderly patients (PriME): recommendations from an Italian intersociety consensus
Authors: Aceto Paola , Antonelli Incalzi Raffaele , Bettelli Gabriella , Carron Michele , Chiumiento Fernando , Corcione Antonio , Crucitti Antonio , Maggi Stefania , Montorsi Marco , Pace Maria Caterina , Petrini Flavia , Tommasino Concezione , Trabucchi Marco , Volpato Stefano ,   Società Italiana di Anestesia Analgesia Rianimazione e Terapia Intensiva (SIAARTI), Società Italiana di Gerontologia e Geriatria (SIGG), Società Italiana di Chirurgia (SIC), Società Italiana di Chirurgia Geriatrica (SICG) and Associazione Italiana di Psicogeriatria (AIP)
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSurgical outcomes in geriatric patients may be complicated by factors such as multiple comorbidities, low functional performance, frailty, reduced homeostatic capacity, and cognitive impairment. An integrated multidisciplinary approach to management is, therefore, essential in this population, but at present, the use of such an approach is uncommon. The Perioperative Management of Elderly patients (PriME) project has been established to address this issue.AimsTo develop evidence-based recommendations for the integrated care of geriatric surgical patients.MethodsA 14-member Expert Task Force of surgeons, anesthetists, and geriatricians was established to develop evidence-based recommendations for the pre-, intra-, and postoperative care of hospitalized older patients (≥ 65 years) undergoing elective surgery. A modified Delphi approach was used to achieve consensus, and the strength of recommendations and quality of evidence was rated using the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force criteria.ResultsA total of 81 recommendations were proposed, covering preoperative evaluation and care (30 items), intraoperative management (19 items), and postoperative care and discharge (32 items).ConclusionsThese recommendations should facilitate the multidisciplinary management of older surgical patients, integrating the expertise of the surgeon, the anesthetist, the geriatrician, and other specialists and health care professionals (where available) as needed. These roles may vary according to the phase and setting of care and the patient’s conditions.