bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is it Worth CANVASing for CREDENCE? A Benefit-risk Analysis
Authors: Sinha Binayak , Ghosal Samit 
Published: November 2019

Background and Aims:
A number of significant positive and negative signals emerged from
the CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial with the use of canagliflozin. These signals are confusing.
A Likelihood of being Helped of Harmed (LHH) analysis was conducted to determine the risk,
benefit ratio associated with canagliflozin use and address the signals as a continuum.

Materials &Methods:
LHH was calculated from the number needed to treat (NNT) and number
needed to harm (NNH) available from the absolute risk reductions reported with the outcomes of interest,
in these two trials.

Results:
In the CANVAS Program, LHH for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) points at a
significant benefit with canagliflozin use in comparison to amputation (1.65), fractures (1.65) and
euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) (16.67) risks. Only genital fungal infections were significant
more in both sexes (0.21-M and 0.1-F) when LHH was matched against the positive outcomes. In
contrast, the hHF benefits were outweighed by amputation (0.95) and fracture risks (0.95).

:
In CREDENCE trial, the LHH for Primary composite, Renal composite and MACE, all supported the
benefits in comparison to any adverse events encountered in the trial.

:
The LHH from pooled data (CANVAS Program and CREDENCE trial) was in favour of all the benefits
(hHF and renal composites) except for MACE matched against amputation (0.66).

Conclusion:
The outcome benefits were in favour of canagliflozin in comparison to all reported adverse
events, when hHF and renal composite were under consideration, in both the individual and pooled LHH
analysis. However, the MACE benefits were overwhelmed by amputation risk in the pooled analysis.
Estado del arte del rendimiento académico en la educación media
Authors: Cerquera Losada Oscar Hernán 
Published: November 2019

Este documento muestra el Estado de arte de los determinantes del rendimiento académico en la educación media, teniendo en cuenta las principales investigaciones realizadas, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, acerca de los factores que influyen en el logro escolar de los estudiantes. Con este trabajo, se busca establecer las principales variables, tanto en Colombia como en algunos lugares del mundo, que afectan el desempeño académico de los estudiantes. Este documento se organiza en dos sesiones, determinantes a nivel mundial y determinantes a nivel colombiano; cada sesión clasifica las investigaciones de acuerdo a los factores del estudiante, de la escuela y las características organizacionales y políticas. A pesar de existir muchas investigaciones sobre el tema, aún no se ha llegado a un consenso general sobre cómo determinar los factores del rendimiento académico, pues en la realidad son muchas las características del individuo, la escuela o el sistema que se relacionan entre sí de diferente manera y pueden afectar el logro estudiantil.ABSTRACTThis document shows the state of the art of the determinants of academic achievement in secondary education, taking into account the main research conducted, both nationally and internationally, about the factors that influence school achievement of students. With this paper, we seek to establish the main variables which affect the academic achievement of students in Colombia as well as in some parts of the world. This document is organized in two sessions: world and Colombian determinants; each session classifies research according to the factors of the student, the school and organizational and political characteristics. Although there is much research on the topic so far it has not been possible to reach a consensus on how to determine the factors of academic achievement, because in reality many characteristics of the individual, of the school or of the system relate to each other differently and can affect student achievement.RESUMOEste documento mostra o Estado da arte dos determinantes do rendimento escolar no ensino medio, tendo em conta às principais pesquisas realizadas, tanto a nível nacional como internacionalmente, sobres os fatores que influenciam o desempenho escolar dos estudantes. Com este trabalho, se procura estabelecer as principais variáveis, tanto na Colômbia e em alguns lugares do mundo, afetando o desempenho acadêmico dos estudantes. Este documento está organizado em duas sessões, determinantes a nível mundial e determinantes a nível colombiano; cada sessão clasifica as pesquisas de acordó a os fatores do estudante, da escola e das características organizacionais e políticas. Embora haja muitas pesquisas sobre o tema, ainda não se chegou a um consenso geral sobre os fatores determinantes no desempenho acadêmico, porque na realidade são muitas as características do indivíduo, a escola ou o sistema que se relacionam uns com os outros de forma diferente e podem afetar o desempenho acadêmico.
TEACHING STUDENT’S READING COMPREHENSION USING TWO STAY TWO STRAY TECHNIQUE
Authors: Sa'adah Wasilah , Sanjaya Fraditha Pinasty 
Published: November 2019

Reading comprehension is an important part of the reading process. In learning English, students may face some difficulties in learning reading, even though they are students of Senior High School. Therefore the teacher should teach them by appropriate technique to solve their difficulties. This research was conducted to find out the effectiveness of using two stays two stray technique in teaching student’s reading comprehension. It was conducted by quantitative research design with pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design involving 32 of tenth-grade students of Senior High School in Cianjur. The instrument used in this research was tested (pretest-posttest) which given before and after treatment. The result of data analysis in this research shows the t score is 25.106, it is higher than t table with a degree of freedom (df) 31 and level of significant (2-tailed) at 5% (0.05) which has the value of 2.039. Because t score > t table (25.106 > 2.039), then Ha is accepted. In other words, there is the effectiveness of using two stays two stray technique in teaching student’s reading comprehension.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION IN LEARNING ENGLISH USING COOPERATIVE LEARNING ACTIVITY
Authors: Kharisma Irma , Hidayati Liza Andhani 
Published: November 2019

This study aims to know the students’ perceptions about the use of cooperative learning activity in learning English. This study use qualitative research. The sample of this study involved 31 students in class XI social two at SMA Cipta Mandiri in the academic year 2017/2018. In collecting the data the researchers use questionnaire of 20 (twenty) questions that relate to cooperative learning activity. The result of this study shows that most of students agreed if the teacher use cooperative learning activity in the classroom. The students though that through cooperative learning activity, the lesson more interesting and helps them acquire knowledge easily.Keywords: Students’ Perception, Cooperative Learning Actvity
TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY USING CROSSWORD PUZZLE GAME AT THE SEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS
Authors: Anwar Yayang Taofik , Efransyah Efransyah 
Published: November 2019

Teaching English is one of activity in the classroom. A game can use to improve students’ vocabularies mastery in the process of teaching learning, so students do not get bored while studying English. This research is attempted to verify the effectiveness of the Crossword Puzzle Game in teaching vocabulary at the seventh grade students of SMPN 10 Cimahi. The main objective is to figure out whether the crossword puzzle game is effective to improve the students’ vocabularies or not. The method is used quantitative research and pre-experimental research design conducted in one class. The populations of this research are the seventh grade students. And the sample is one class of the seventh grade students, which is class VII.E that consists of 32 students. The data is collected with the pretest and posttest as an instrument. The data analysis shows the result of mean score of posttest is higher than mean score of the pretest. The result of computation using Wilcoxon based on the table of test statistics, asymptotic significance (2-tailed) = 0.000 which is lower than 0.05. It means the alternative hypothesis is supported. Therefore, teaching English vocabulary using crossword puzzle game is effective to improve the students’ vocabulary. Keywords: Teaching, Vocabulary, Crossword Puzzle Game
AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS USING “BEAUTY AND THE BEAST” MOVIE SCRIPT
Authors: Fadlilah Elisa , Septyani Rika 
Published: November 2019

This study deals with the English deixis. The objectives of this study are to analyze type of deixis and to find out the frequency of each deixis in the movie entitled Beauty and The Beast. This study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative research. The source of data was taken from the movie script of Beauty and The Beast. Documentary technique is used in collecting data. The findings showed that there are three types of deixis found in the Beauty and The Beast movie script and there are nine frequencies of deixis, namely person deixis in greater occurrences than another. Type of person deixis is used 128 times or (84,21%), which consists of first person used 53 times or (34,86 %), second person used 52 times or (34,21 %), and third person used 23 times or (15,13 %). The next, spatial (place) deixis is used 12 times or (7,89 %) and the last, temporal (time) deixis is used 12 times or (7,89 %) which consists of present used 5 times or (3,28 %), past used 5 times or (3,28 %), future used 2 times or (1,31 %). The least frequently used by the Beast in Beauty and the Beast Speech film`s dialogue was first person deixis used 53 times or (34,86 %). Keywords: Pragmatic, Movie, Deixis
ANALYSIS PRAGMATIC STUDY ON DEIXIS IN THE ARTICLES JAKARTA SPORT
Authors: Setiakawanti Resti Nur , Susanti Elsa 
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this research is to identify deixis forms and meanings used in Jakarta post articles. This study was applied qualitative descriptive. Then, it was analyzed by using the Dylgjeri and Kazazi concept the data was table from in article Jakarta Post. The findings indicate that the types of deixis found in articles selected from the Jakarta Post are the first person there are I, Me, My, We, and Our (In third person there are She, Her, His, Him, and They), deixis spatial (there are school, class, hospital, on the stairs, world, here and there.), and temporal deixis. (there are now, then, five month ago, today, and yesterday). The results of this study show that person deixis is used 157 times and have percentage 66.5% spatial deixis is used 54times and have percentage 22.8% and temporal deixis is used 25times and have percentage 10,5% Keywords: Pragmatic, Deixis
IMPROVING SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY IN THE PROCESS OF LEARNING ENGLISH DISCUSSION USING TALKING CHIPS TECHNIQUE
Authors: Nurjanah Titin , Widiastuti Wida , Kareviati Evi 
Published: November 2019

This research is a classroom action research. The objectives of this study were: (1) to find out whether there were significant differences in students' speaking abilities after being taught through Talking Chips techniques, and (2) to find out which techniques were better for improving students. 'Speaking ability. This research was conducted on second grade students at YAS Sindangkerta High School. The method used in this study is Class Action Research. The research was on two cycles with total meetings were seven; three meetings were for tests, and four meetings were for treatment. Each cycle covered the step of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The data were analyzed by using independent sample t-test in SPSS 16.0. There is a significant difference of the students’ speaking ability achievement between the students who were taught through the Talking Chips technique and taught without Talking Chips technique. In Cycle 1 the increase score 59.62 while in cycle 2 is 72.25. From the result of the data, teaching speaking through Talking Chips technique is more effective to increase students’ speaking ability because Talking Chips technique can give more enjoyable speaking atmosphere for students in the classroom. Keywords: Talking Chips, Speaking ,Car
THE USE OF VOCABULARY SELF-COLLECTION STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Fauzi , Rinaldi Rendi , Santoso Iman 
Published: November 2019

Abstract Generally, problems faced by the students in learning english is the difficulty to learn vocabulary. Any learners or teachers aware that vocabulary is the important element of language proficiency. The practical problem was faced by the 8th grade students of SMP PLUS YPP DARUSSURUR CIMAHI. Based on facts, the Vocabulary Self Collection Strategy (VSS) is a creative teaching and learning strategy to improve students’ vocabulary mastery. VSS is an interractive learning method where students choose words from a text, use contexts and other resources to find out the meaning of the words, and give those words to be learned by others students. The research design of the research was Classroom Action Research (CAR). The results of the study indicate that VSS could improve learning in a class based on a qualitative or quantitative perspective. Based on the results of the qualitative, it could be seen from the classroom situation, the atmosphere of teaching and learning, students participation, and students responses during teaching and learning activities. Meanwhile, quantitative results could be examined from the scores of students in doing the exercises. Thus this research stated that VSS was an effective technique for solving students' practical problems in mastering vocabulary.Keywords : Improve, Vocabulary mastery, VSS, CAR
THE INFLUENCE OF DISCOVERY LEARNING AND SNOWBALL THROWING METHOD IN IMPROVIN WRITING SKILLS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Lestari Winda Intan , Mawaddah Ulfah , Kareviati Evie 
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the improvement of students' writing skills by using Discovery learning and the Snowball Throwing method. this study uses Quasi-Experimental by comparing two different variables with the stages of giving pre-test, treatment, and post-test and looking for the difference in value using the Gain Test. This research was conducted in class XI of SMK 4 Padalarang LPPM with a sample population of 60 students namely 30 students of class XI RPL 1 as control class and 30 students with discovery learning method and RPL 2 class as Experimental class with Snowball Throwing approach. From the results of this study conclusions are obtained 1). The ability to write students using the Snowball method is effective and better than using discovery learning. 2). There is a change in the value of writing narrative texts of students using the snowball method rather than discovery learning.
AN ANALYSIS OF ANIMATION MOVIE “RATOTOUILLE” THAT REFLECTING THE POLITENESS OF OFF RECORD STRATEGIES
Authors: Kusumah Risvia Yosi , Haryudin Acep 
Published: November 2019

The aims of this research is to know that using off record strategies, people can make a relation with other people. To communicate their ideas in social interaction, human beings frequently use an indirect expression. Whenever people want to communicate for a specific information or provide as much of that information as possible, they show to express it indirectly, so there is a gap between what is said and what is delivered, that kind of communication provide a small part of an account of how people can communicate well by using indirect language with other (Yanti, 2017). The writer choose title “An Analysis of Animation Movie ‘Ratotouille’ that Reflecting the Politeness of Off Record Strategies.” This movie tell about a rat named Remy dreams of becoming a great French chef despite his family’s whises and the obvious problem of being a rat in a decidedly rodent-phobic profession. The writter chooses qualitative method, using informal method (collecting data, analysing data, and presenting the result).
THE ADJACENCY PAIRS IN “TALK ASIA” INTERVIEW BETWEEN INDONESIA PRESIDENT SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO WITH STEVENS FROM CNN
Authors: Nurhasanah Ai Siti , Yolanda Ajeng Febrina , Syahrizal Trisnendri 
Published: November 2019

This research focus on adjacency pairs in “Talk Asia” Interview between President SBY with Stevens from CNN. This research had aimed to find out what types of AP and preference structure used in“Talk Asia” Interview between Indonesian President SBY with Stevens from CNN. Qualitative method was used to analyze this research. The researchers take the interview from CNN between Indonesia president SBY with Stevens as the instrument for research. The result found that was four question-answer, two assessment-agreement/disagreement, one request-acceptance/refusal, one farewell-farewell, it means that the dominant type of AP in “Talk Asia” Interview between Indonesia President SBY with Stevens from CNN is question-answer. For preference structure there are two preferred and one dispreferred.
THE USE OF ICE BREAKER TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH AT THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMK YPKKP
Authors: Rahmayanti Previa , Saraswati Putri Ayuna , Bhuana Gartika Pandu 
Published: November 2019

There is a belief that ice breaking can be used in the classroom as it provides several advantages for the students. One of them is that it can improve students’ learning motivation. This study aims to prove this belief. In other words, it attempts to investigate the effectiveness of ice breaking in improving students’ learning motivation. Quantitative with one group pretest and posttest was used in this study. The population was the 10th grade students at SMK YPKKP. The sample was one class of office administration major. The data was collected through motivation test adapted from (Burhan, 2017). The result showed that null hypothesis of this study was rejected. It is proved by the data from t-test that shows the sigma 2 tailed is 0.00. This value is less than 0.05. Null hypothesis, therefore, was rejected. This means that ice breaking could definitely improve the students’ motivation in learning English. The teacher therefore can implement it in the classroom. in the title.
IMPROVING LISTENING ABILITY BY ACTIVATING STUDENTS’ BEFORE KNOWLEDGE
Authors: Shiddiq Rizal Mulyana , Kurniadi Ridwan , Fadloeli Odo 
Published: November 2019

This research paper aims at finding whether the students’ ability in listening can be improved by activating students’ previous knowledge. The research was conducted at English education study program of faculty of IKIP Siliwangi Bandung. The research used random sampling class and test by giving pretest and post test. Two classes are experimental class and control class, when the experimental class got a better score than control class.The experimental class was increased in listening ability. Most of the student’s of experimental class students’ stay in fair category.
USING DEONTIC MODALITY IN MAZE RUNNER (THE DEATH CURE) MOVIE
Authors: Faisal Muhammad , Syahri Chaidir 
Published: November 2019

The objectives of this research are to identify the types of deontic modality and the meaning of utterances that found in The Maze Runner (The Death Cure) movie. This research used script only from the movie entitled The Maze Runner (The Death Cure) that had been analyzed by the researcher. The research used descriptive as a research design and qualitative method as a research methodology. Therefore, the data of this research was in the form of utterances that was performed by the cast in The Maze Runner (The Death Cure) movie. The research data were collected by taking the movie script from the internet. The collected data were analyzed by Saeed’s theory. The finding revealed that there are two types of deontic modality found in utterances performed by the cast of The Maze Runner (The Death Cure) movie namely; Obligation and permission. The meaning of utterances that belongs to obligation means that someone have to do what the speaker said. While the meaning of utterances that belongs to permission means that someone’s incumbency to authorized somebody else to do something. Keywords: Deontic modality, The Maze Runner (The Death Cure), Semantics
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACH IN TEACHING ENGLISH READING COMPREHENSION AT 11 GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA MATHLA’UL ANWAR
Authors: Melyadi Rian , Fadloeli Odo 
Published: November 2019

The aim of the research is to improve students’ reading comprehension through a scientific approach. The research was conducted at SMA Mathla’ul Anwar in the first semester. The researcher used the method of the research is qualitative research, a classroom action research. The research used three cycles. Any cycle exists in four steps. There are planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of the research were 32 students at XI IPA 1 of SMA Mathla’ul Anwar. The researcher collected the data using observation, interview, test, and discussion to collect data that need at the time of the study. It determined the extent of the increase students’ reading comprehension before and after the following scientific approach. most of them have low motivation in the learning activity. Students whose English are good enough have good motivation in the learning activity. Most of the students have low willingness to learn especially when they entered the noon hour lesson.The analysis of the research data showed that there was an increase in the average and percentage students’ score, from the score in cycle I am 65 or 37.5%, cycle II is 71 or 59%, cycle III is 80 or 100%. It can be said that scientific approach improved students’ reading comprehension at XI IPA 1 of SMA Mathla’ul Anwar in Academic 2018/2019.Keywords: Students, Improving reading comprehension, Scientific approach.
Ruptura democrática, democracia e ilusão.
Authors: Lima Yago Felipe Campelo de 
Published: November 2019

Esta comunicação, traz como objetivo primeiro, uma discussão sobre a ruptura do regime democrático brasileiro em nossa recente história republicana, através do mais recente golpe: o Golpe Parlamentar de 2016, contra a democracia no Brasil e o mandato legítimo da presidenta da República, Dilma Vana Rousseff, a primeira mulher a ocupar o poder Executivo Nacional. Buscaremos paralelamente, analisar, a composição da mentira do impeachment, os elementos misóginos e jurídicos que atravessaram o Golpe como legitimadores de sua “fraqueza”, bem como o plausível exemplo de uma presidenta, perante a farsa política cognominada de impedimento, no ano de 2016. Nos apoiamos nas contribuições teóricas de Jessé Souza, Elizabeth Lima, Norberto Bobbio e Maria Lígia Coelho Prado, para fortalecer a nossa comunicação, bem como, para refletirmos sobre a democracia em nosso país e sua consolidação, pautada em uma política nacional, que não esteja firmada em nosso autoritarismo histórico.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Dilma Rousseff. Mulher. Política. Golpe. Brasil.
Muhasebe Eğitimi Alan Lisans Öğrencilerinin TFRS (Türkiye Finansal Raporlama Standartları)/ TMS (Türkiye Muhasebe Standartları) Farkındalıklarının Belirlenmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: ŞİMŞEK Kezban , ŞİMŞEK Onur 
Published: November 2019

Bu
araştırma, muhasebe eğitimi alan lisans öğrencilerinin Türkiye Finansal
Raporlama Standartları (TFRS) ve Türkiye Muhasebe Standartları (TMS)’ na
ilişkin farkındalıklarını belirleme amacı taşımaktadır. Bu amacı
gerçekleştirmek için ihtiyaç duyulan verilerin toplanmasında anket yöntemi
kullanılmıştır. Anket Kastamonu Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi
İşletme ile Bankacılık ve Finans Bölümlerinde öğrenim gören 237 lisans
öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda İşletme bölümü öğrencileri ile Bankacılık
ve Finans bölümü öğrencileri arasında TFRS/TMS farkındalık düzeyleri bakımından
anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, TFRS / TMS
bilgisine sahip olan ve TFRS / TMS bilgisine sahip olmayan öğrenciler arasında da
TFRS / TMS farkındalık düzeyleri açısından anlamlı bir fark olduğunu ortaya
koymuştur.