bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An orange‐emitting phosphor BaSrGa4O8:Bi3+,K+ with unique one‐dimensional chain structure for high index color WLEDs
Authors: Hu Songhan , Long Zhangwen , Wen Yugeng , Qiu Jianbei , Zhou Dacheng , Lai Jun’an , Wang Dazhao , Pi Jiacheng , Li Xizheng , Wang Qi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt has been an urgent need for developing a new bright long‐wave emitting phosphor to improve the color rendering index (CRI) of white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs). Here, based on the concept of oxygen vacancy‐induced long‐wave emission by Bi3+ doping, we selected BaSrGa4O8 as the matrix, which has a low‐dimensional chain structure that can produce enough oxygen vacancies. After the introduction of Bi3+, orange emission was successfully achieved. To further improve the luminescence efficiency, the system of BaSrGa4O8:Bi3+,K+ was designed. Interestingly, although significant emission enhancement was obtained, the material showed reduced absorption with increased oxygen vacancies. More detailed experimental evidences confirm that oxygen vacancies can activate Bi3+ to achieve long‐wave emission. Our results provide a new way to design Bi3+‐based long‐wave emitting phosphors with low‐dimensional crystal structure. Finally, a WLED device containing BaSrGa4O8:Bi3+,K+ was fabricated and exhibited an enhanced CRI, which shows a promising application in WLEDs.
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Buscaglia Nicholas A. , Hanley Christopher S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA 19‐year‐old female chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) presented for cachexia, acute weakness, hyporexia, icterus, and polyuria. The animal was diagnosed with a hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state, which is a well‐recognized syndrome in diabetic humans that is rarely diagnosed in animals. This case documents an important and likely under‐reported syndrome in non‐human primates.
Collateral circulation of the femoral and genicular systems in human lower limbs is highly uncommon
Authors: Jethwa Beeran , Sharma Ramaswamy , Tanner Jordan , Rahimi Omid B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe descending branch of the lateral circumflex artery is a septocutaneous vessel that is vital for free and pedicle thigh flap transfer surgeries when repairing tissue defects. It also forms an anastomosis with the superior lateral genicular artery to create a collateral pathway for circumventing occlusions in the superficial femoral artery (SFA). Many anatomical texts and atlases imply the persistence of this anastomosis. However, previous studies indicate variability in the source of the arteries that form the anastomosis, and have reported cases where an anastomosis does not exist. We hypothesized that variations from the conventional accepted pattern can be predicted by comparisons of arterial diameters, and that unconventional anastomoses may be present to facilitate collateral circulation to the limb. Fifty‐one limbs were dissected and analyzed to establish the source of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex artery, classify the types of anastomoses, and compare the diameters of the descending branch of the lateral circumflex artery, the SFA and the profunda femoris artery to the common femoral artery (CFA). Vessel diameters were normalized to the diameter of the CFA to allow comparison of limbs from both sexes and to minimize the effects of cadaver size on correlating vessel size to the presence or absence of collateral circuits. We report that 62.7% of limbs (32/51) had typical branching patterns; however, only 27.4% of limbs (14/51) had any anastomosis to connect the proximal and distal regions of the thigh. Importantly, the SFA had a wider relative diameter in limbs without anastomoses than in limbs that had normal anastomoses, perhaps precluding the formation of a collateral pathway. Overall, collateral circulation of the lower limb was highly uncommon, in contrast to information inferred from anatomical texts. This study suggests the need for more thorough procedures for determining viable anastomoses prior to thigh flap surgeries to ensure flap survival.
Immunohistochemical panel of degenerated articular discs from patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Fernandes Bruno V. , Brancher João A. , Michels Arieli C. , Nagashima Seigo , Johann Aline Cristina B. R. , Bóia Ferreira Marianna , da Costa Delson J. , Rebellato Nelson Luis B. , Klüppel Leandro E. , Scariot Rafaela , Zielak João C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundTemporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a progressive degenerative disease caused by imbalance between anabolic and catabolic stimuli.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate histopathological changes, collagen degeneration and the expression of eleven TMJOA biomarkers in articular discs.MethodsSpecimens were obtained from eight female patients submitted to discectomy. Discs were divided into anterior band (AB), intermediate zone (IZ) and posterior band (PB) for computerised histomorphometric analyses. Each was assigned a histopathological degeneration score (HDS). Collagen degeneration was assessed with Picrosirius‐polarisation method. Biomarkers were evaluated through immunohistochemistry, including IGF‐1, OPG, VEGF, TNF‐α, FGF‐23, IHH, MMP‐3, MMP‐9, TGF‐β1, BMP‐2 and WNT‐3. Image processing software was used to calculate average immature collagen ratios and immunostained areas. Spearman rank tests were applied to verify correlations, with significance level of 0.05.ResultsThe HDS showed negative correlation with expression of VEGF in IZ and PB (P < .05) and positive with TNF‐α in AB (P < .01). Collagen degeneration correlated with TGF‐β1 (P < .05), BMP‐2 (P < .01) and IHH (P < .05) immunostained areas in the IZ; TGF‐β1, BMP‐2 and IHH expression correlated among each other in AB and IZ (P < .05).ConclusionAngiogenesis and tissue fragmentation may result from aberrant physiologic responses mediated by VEGF and TNF‐α, compromising TMJ discs during OA progression. The expression of TGF‐β1, BMP‐2 and IHH could be related to collagen degeneration in displaced discs and may participate in TMJOA pathogenesis.
Guidance for the Treatment and Management of COVID‐19 Among People with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Alexander Regi , Ravi Ambiga , Barclay Helene , Sawhney Indermeet , Chester Verity , Malcolm Vicki , Brolly Kate , Mukherji Kamalika , Zia Asif , Tharian Reena , Howell Andreana , Lane Tadhgh , Cooper Vivien , Langdon Peter E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe current COVID‐19 pandemic is a pressing world crisis and people with intellectual disabilities (IDs) are vulnerable due to disparity in healthcare provision and physical and mental health multimorbidity. While most people will develop mild symptoms upon contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), some will develop serious complications. The aim of this study is to present guidelines for the care and treatment of people with IDs during the COVID‐19 pandemic for both community teams providing care to people with IDs and inpatient psychiatric settings. The guidelines cover specific issues associated with hospital passports, individual COVID‐19 care plans, the important role of families and carers, capacity to make decisions, issues associated with social distancing, ceiling of care/treatment escalation plans, mental health and challenging behavior, and caring for someone suspected of contracting or who has contracted SARS‐CoV‐2 within community or inpatient psychiatric settings. We have proposed that the included conditions recommended by Public Health England to categorize someone as high risk of severe illness due to COVID‐19 should also include mental health and challenging behavior. There are specific issues associated with providing care to people with IDs and appropriate action must be taken by care providers to ensure that disparity of healthcare is addressed during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We recognize that our guidance is focused upon healthcare delivery in England and invite others to augment our guidance for use in other jurisdictions.
Comparison of3Dprinted and molded carrots produced with gelatin, guar gum and xanthan gum
Authors: Strother Heather , Moss Rachael , McSweeney Matthew B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study examined the effects of different hydrocolloids (guar gum, xanthan gum and gelatin) on the sensory and textural properties of pureed carrots. There were eight products involved in the study; 3D printed carrots and molded carrots without the addition of gums and with guar gum, xanthan gum and gelatin. All products were evaluated using trained panelists (n = 12) and underwent a texture profile analysis. No significant differences were found between the molded and 3D printed pureed carrots; instead, the samples were grouped based on the gum used in their production. The samples made with gelatin and xanthan gum were the hardest (texture profile analysis) and the densest samples when evaluated by the trained panelists. The 3D printing did not affect the taste properties of the pureed carrots, as they were evaluated to be similar to that of the molded carrots (p > .05). This study demonstrated that 3D printing did not affect the textural and sensory properties of pureed carrots when compared to molded carrots. However, changes in the printing parameters (infill percentage, nozzle diameter, flow rate, nozzle height) need to be evaluated to determine their effect on the sensory properties of 3D printed pureed carrots.
Abnormal liver function tests predict transfer to intensive care unit and death in COVID‐19
Authors: Piano Salvatore , Dalbeni Andrea , Vettore Elia , Benfaremo Devis , Mattioli Massimo , Gambino Carmine G. , Framba Viviana , Cerruti Lorenzo , Mantovani Anna , Martini Andrea , Luchetti Michele M. , Serra Roberto , Cattelan Annamaria , Vettor Roberto , Angeli Paolo ,   the COVID‐LIVER study group
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has emerged as a relevant threat for humans worldwide. Abnormality in liver function tests (LFTs) has been commonly observed in patients with COVID‐19, but there is controversy on its clinical significance. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, the characteristics and the clinical impact of abnormal LFTs in hospitalized, non‐critically ill patients with COVID‐19.MethodsIn this multicentre, retrospective study, we collected data about 565 inpatients with COVID‐19. Data on LFTs were collected at admission and every 7 ± 2 days during the hospitalization. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of death or transfer to intensive care unit (ICU).ResultsUpon admission 329 patients (58%) had LFTs abnormality. Patients with abnormal LFTs had more severe inflammation and higher degree of organ dysfunction than those without. During hospitalization, patients with abnormal LFTs had a higher rate of transfer to ICU (20% vs 8%; P < .001), acute kidney injury (22% vs 13%, P = .009), need for mechanical ventilation (14% vs 6%; P = .005) and mortality (21% vs 11%; P = .004) than those without. In multivariate analysis, patients with abnormal LFTs had a higher risk of the composite endpoint of death or transfer to ICU (OR = 3.53; P < .001). During the hospitalization, 86 patients developed de novo LFTs abnormality, which was associated with the use of tocilizumab, lopinavir/ritonavir and acetaminophen and not clearly associated with the composite endpoint.ConclusionsLFTs abnormality is common at admission in patients with COVID‐19, is associated with systemic inflammation, organ dysfunction and is an independent predictor of transfer to ICU or death.
Factors influencing dolphin depredation in coastal fisheries of the northern Aegean Sea: Implications on defining mitigation measures
Authors: Pardalou Androniki , Tsikliras Athanassios C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDolphin interactions with coastal fisheries are of major concern, reportedly leading to gear damage, which increases the cost of coastal fishing globally and in the Mediterranean Sea. The aim of this study was to determine the effect that gear, target species, mesh size, depth, soaking duration, fishing area, and season have on net depredation frequency and to offer insights on possible mitigation solutions. From November 2013 to February 2016 we monitored 107 active coastal fishers in 22 ports of the northern Aegean Sea coastline, identified the main target species of the fishery and recorded the damages on gill nets and trammel nets caused by dolphins, mainly the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Quasi‐binomial generalized linear models were used to determine the relationship between the examined factors and depredation frequency. The analysis revealed that the gears mostly depredated were gill nets and trammel nets with small mesh sizes, mainly targeting surmullet (Mullus surmuletus), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), common sole (Solea solea), European hake (Merluccius merluccius), and caramote prawn (Melicertus kerathurus). The probability of depredation was also significantly dependent on the fishing area.
Psychometric properties and associations between subscales of a study approach measure
Authors: DaLomba Elaina , Stigen Linda , Johnson Susanne G. , Mørk Gry , Gramstad Astrid , Magne Trine A , Carstensen Tove , Åsli Lene A. , Bonsaksen Tore 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to (i) confirm the factor structure of the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST) in the current sample of undergraduate occupational therapy students and (ii) explore the pattern of associations between the 13 ASSIST subscales. Occupational therapy students (n= 171) across Norway completed the ASSIST. A three‐factor structure was confirmed. Several positive associations were found between the deep and strategic approach subscales, whereas several surface approach subscales were negatively associated with the deep and strategic approach subscales. In conclusion, the study showed that the Norwegian ASSIST has a well‐functioning three‐factor structure in line with its theoretical underpinnings, and it can therefore readily be adopted as a study process measure in Norwegian occupational therapy education programs. In view of the associations between subscales, there is support for a higher‐order concept of “productive” study approaches that encompasses both deep and strategic behaviors. The analysis of associations also suggests that students demonstrating unproductive study behaviors may need guidance and intervention that extends beyond the first detected problematic behavior.
Adaptive Designs for Optimal Observed Fisher Information
Authors: Lane Adam 
Published: June 2020

SummaryExpected Fisher information can be found a priori and as a result its inverse is the primary variance approximation used in the design of experiments. This is in contrast with the common claim that the inverse of the observed Fisher information is a better approximation of the variance of the maximum likelihood estimator. Observed Fisher information cannot be known a priori; however, if an experiment is conducted sequentially, in a series of runs, the observed Fisher information from previous runs is known. In the current work, two adaptive designs are proposed that use the observed Fisher information from previous runs to inform the design of future runs.
Caffeine improves various aspects of athletic performance in adolescents independent of their 163 C > A CYP1A2 genotypes
Authors: Spineli Higor , Pinto Maryssa P. , Dos Santos Bruna P. , Lima‐Silva Adriano E. , Bertuzzi Romulo , Gitaí Daniel L. G. , de Araujo Gustavo G. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether variations in 163 C > A CYP1A2 genotypes (rs 762 551) (AA, AC, and CC) modify the ergogenic effects of caffeine (CAF) on strength, power, muscular endurance, agility, and endurance in adolescent athletes.MethodsOne hundred adolescents (age = 15 ± 2 years) were recruited. Participants ingested CAF (6 mg.kg−1) or placebo (PLA, 300 mg of cellulose) 1 hour before performing a sequence of physical tests: handgrip strength, vertical jumps, agility test, sit‐ups, push‐ups, and the Yo‐Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (Yo‐Yo IR1).ResultsCompared to PLA, CAF enhanced (P < .05) sit‐up (CAF = 37 ± 9; PLA = 35 ± 8 repetitions) and push‐up repetitions (CAF = 26 ± 11; PLA = 24 ± 11 repetitions), and increased distance covered in Yo‐Yo IR1 test (CAF = 1010.4 ± 378.9; PLA = 903.2 ± 325.7 m). There was no influence of CAF on handgrip strength (CAF = 35.1 ± 8.9; PLA = 33.7 ± 8.7 kgf), countermovement jump height (CAF = 49.3 ± 12.6; PLA = 47.9 ± 13.8 cm), spike jump height (CAF = 54.2 ± 13.6; PLA = 52.9 ± 14.5 cm), and time in agility test (CAF = 15.8 ± 1.1; PLA = 15.9 ± 1.3 s, P > .05). When present, the ergogenic effect of CAF was not dependent of genotype.ConclusionCAF improves muscular endurance and aerobic performance in adolescent athletes, regardless of their 163 C > A CYP1A2 genotype.
Infectious complications in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients—A retrospective clinical and epidemiological cohort study
Authors: Pinto Tyane de Almeida , Jardim Bruno Araújo , Breda Giovanni Luís , Morales Hugo Manuel Paz , Bonfim Carmem , Raboni Sonia Mara 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an important therapeutic strategy for several hematologic diseases. In the absence of a matched related donor, allogeneic HSCT has been associated with increased risk of infectious complications. Here, we present the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of early infectious complications in children undergoing HSCT from Southern Brazil.MethodsThis is a retrospective unicentric cohort study of infections in all children receiving their first HSCT during the period between 2010 and 2017.ResultsData from 292 patients were analyzed; bone marrow failures (52.7%) comprised most of the baseline diagnosis. Bone marrow (BM) was the stem cell source in 254 (87%), followed by cord blood (CB) in 34 (11.6%) children. The use of alternative donors (77.8%) and presence of acute graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD) (23.6%) were associated with an increased risk of viral and fungal infection. Bacterial infection was observed in 79 patients (27%); 220 patients (75.3%) were diagnosed with viral infection, and 35 patients (12%) developed fungal infection. The presence of fungal disease together with the presence of multiple infections during follow‐up was associated with an increased risk of death (P < .001).ConclusionsThe clinical profile of HSCT‐related infections in this cohort suggests that prognosis in allogeneic HSCT is influenced by the source of stem cells (CB having worse prognosis), presence of acute GVHD and complications arising from fungal infections. The appropriate management of these factors has the potential to improve the overall prognosis rates in pediatric allogeneic HSCT recipients.
CELLULOSE SYNTHASE INTERACTING 1 is required for wood mechanics and leaf morphology in aspen
Authors: Bünder Anne , Sundman Ola , Mahboubi Amir , Persson Staffan , Mansfield Shawn D. , Rüggeberg Markus , Niittylä Totte 
Published: June 2020

SUMMARYCellulose microfibrils synthesized by CELLULOSE SYNTHASE COMPLEXES (CSCs) are the main load‐bearing polymers in wood. CELLULOSE SYNTHASE INTERACTING1 (CSI1) connects CSCs with cortical microtubules, which align with cellulose microfibrils. Mechanical properties of wood are dependent on cellulose microfibril alignment and structure in the cell walls, but the molecular mechanism(s) defining these features is unknown. Herein, we investigated the role of CSI1 in hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × Populus tremuloides) by characterizing transgenic lines with significantly reduced CSI1 transcript abundance. Reduction in leaves (50–80%) caused leaf twisting and misshaped pavement cells, while reduction (70–90%) in developing xylem led to impaired mechanical wood properties evident as a decrease in the elastic modulus and rupture. X‐ray diffraction measurements indicate that microfibril angle was not impacted by the altered CSI1 abundance in developing wood fibres. Instead, the augmented wood phenotype of the transgenic trees was associated with a reduced cellulose degree of polymerization. These findings establish a function for CSI1 in wood mechanics and in defining leaf cell shape. Furthermore, the results imply that the microfibril angle in wood is defined by CSI1 independent mechanism(s).
Marginal zone lymphoma in a dog
Authors: Burgess Hilary J. , MacDonald Dickinson Valerie , Kerr Moira , Bienzle Dorothee 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA 13‐year‐old spayed female American Cocker Spaniel was presented for evaluation of a cough and weight loss. Physical exam revealed generalized lymphadenopathy. The patient was diagnosed with marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) on histopathology of an extirpated lymph node. This report demonstrates an unusual case of a pleomorphic neoplastic population documented on cytologic evaluation that had moncytoid features and peripheral blood involvement; a previously undocumented IgG1 monoclonal gammopathy was also an interesting feature of this canine MZL. The patient did not undergo chemotherapy for lymphoma and was euthanized over 4 years after the initial presentation.
A comparative study of subcutaneous, intralymphatic and sublingual immunotherapy for the long‐term control of dogs with nonseasonal atopic dermatitis
Authors: Fischer Nina M. , Rostaher Ana , Favrot Claude 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundAllergen‐specific immunotherapy (ASIT) is the only causative treatment of canine atopic dermatitis (cAD). Different routes for administration of ASIT have been used; however, comparative studies are lacking.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe present study compared the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous (SCIT), intralymphatic (ILIT) and sublingual (SLIT) immunotherapy.Animals30 atopic dogs were included and allocation to three groups (SCIT, n = 8; ILIT, n = 12; SLIT, n = 10) was determined by the owners.Methods and materialsASIT was administered using routine protocols. The pruritus Visual Analog Scale (PVAS), canine atopic dermatitis extent and severity index (CADESI), concurrent medications and adverse events were recorded initially and one, three, six and 12 months later. The main outcome measure was return to a normal status, which included CADESI <12, PVAS <2.5 and medication score <10.ResultsDrop‐outs were distributed evenly and 23 dogs finished the study (SCIT, n = 6; ILIT, n = 10; SLIT, n = 7). Adverse reactions to treatment were rare. At the start of the study, the three groups were homogeneous with respect to clinical signs and concurrent medications. After 12 months of ASIT, the CADESI and PVAS had decreased with a stable medication score in the ILIT and SCIT groups (P < 0.05), while all three scores had increased in the SLIT group. Return to normal state was achieved in one of six (17%) dogs receiving SCIT, in six of 10 (60%) dogs receiving ILIT and in one of seven (14%) dogs receiving SLIT.Conclusions and clinical importanceThese findings suggest that SCIT and ILIT improved clinical signs of cAD, whereas ILIT had a much higher return to normal rate.