bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing food loss and waste in fish value chain using a web-based information, Repository
Authors: Peñarubia O , Ward A , Grever M , Ryder J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Food loss and waste (FLW) in fisheries is a major concern and occur in most fish distribution chains throughout the world. FLW across the fish value chain is estimated to be 35 percent. These losses constitute lost income to fishers, processors and traders and other value chain actors and contribute to food and nutrition insecurity. Thus, it is globally recognized as a challenge that needs to be addressed. There has been much work done to address and prevent losses in fisheries value chains. However, a key issue is related to the availability and quality of information. Information needed to guide policy development and management of the resources is of poor quality and often not produced or distributed in a timely manner. The 32nd Session of the Committee on Fisheries (COFI), July 2016 reiterated the topical importance of reducing fish losses and made a plea for the development by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) for a guidance for reduction of fish losses. FAO, through the Products, Trade and Marketing Branch (FIAM), supported by the Norwegian government had developed an information repository that can provide solutions for reducing or eliminating food losses for common loss scenarios in fish value chains. It provides access to fish loss and waste related information for informed policy in the fisheries and aquaculture from the post-harvest to consumption stages. It aims to provide guidance to policy-makers, development practitioners, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and value chain actors ability to facilitate the development of solutions to food loss scenarios on the ground at the targeted points of the supply chain, as well as at policy level. The development of the repository was guided by an internal FAO specialist group covering food loss, policy, fisheries and ICT and an expert group of specialists coming from the public sector, civil society and research institutions with representation of a range of geographical regions. A series of internal and external consultations were done before the webpage was launched on May 2019.
Overview and challenges of blood cockle culture in Malaysia
Authors: Saffian N S , Peng C T C , Ilias N , Hwai A T S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The blood cockle (Tegillarca granosa) is an important aquaculture species in Southeast Asia and plays a major role on economic importance in Malaysia since 1948. In comparing food value among other bivalves, cockles showed a cheap source of protein among Malaysians. Malaysia used to have a coastline which was suitable for breeding cockles, particularly, Selangor was enriched with a large number of cockles spat naturally developed from mudflats. Unfortunately, production of cockles spat in farming and marketing started to decline in 2000 and stopped production in year 2005 where there are only two main peaks for spawning season which are in March and November. Based on statistics from Department of Fisheries, unstable production of adult cockles occurred since 2011 and drastically declined in 2015, where the total yield for year 2015 was only 16,866.22 tonnes compared to 57,544.40 tonnes in 2011. With the decreased of cockle production, cockles are no longer considered as a cheap seafood resources but a delicacy marketed to the locals and tourists. There are several factors leading to the mortality of seed and adult cockles such as environmental issue, smuggling and overharvesting and low food availability in culture areas. The overview of the cockle status in Malaysia over 28 years, the challenges and the potential of aquaculture of cockles will be presented in this paper.
Utilization of Mycelium sterilium KT31 metabolites with diet for controlling Aeromonas hydrophila infection on catfish Clarias gariepinus
Authors: Wahjuningrum D , Tarman K , Faradisa N , Putri F A , Rudi M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is a freshwater fish that is widely cultivated throughout Indonesia due to its importance commodity and high market prospect. Intensive aquaculture system to increase production has risks, including fish easily infected with the bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila or motile aeromonad septicaemia (MAS) disease in catfish. Alternative efforts to control MAS disease is by using natural source from marine fungal Mycelium sterilium KT31 metabolites. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective dose of fungal Mycelium sterilium KT31 metabolites in feed for preventing and treating infections caused by A. hydrophila in catfish. The feed was prepared by repelleting method and given restricted three times a day. The bacterial concentration used for the challenge test was density of 106 CFU/mL A. hydrophila as much as 0.1 mL per individual. This research was divided into two stage that the preventive experiment and treatment experiment with the different time challenge. Metabolites M. sterilium KT31 dose of 40 mL kg−1 of feed was able to preventing and treating A. hydrophila infection with a better blood value, resulting in the best survival rate and growth rate of catfish.
Stock assessment of pelagic fish in the eastern part of Java Sea: A case study in offshore Regency of Rembang and Tuban, Indonesia
Authors: Zairion  , Hamdani A , Rustandi Y , Fahrudin A , Arkham M N , Ramli A , Trihandoyo A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Total annual landing of pelagic fish resources from the eastern part of Java Sea tend to be increased, but the stock status is not known well. This study was aimed to analyse optimal exploitation and stock status of pelagic fish in the eastern part of Java Sea and enlighten overfishing issues. Monthly catch of pelagic fish and effort data (trips) based on fishing gear during the period 2010 to 2016 were collected from four representative fish landing base or fishing port (i.e. Tasik Agung, Sarang, and Karang Anyer of Rembang Regency, and Bulu of Tuban Regency). Analyses were carried out using a surplus production model, and the best fit estimation was the Schaefer Model with Fox algorithm approach. Estimated bio-technique parameter of pelagic fish stock such as intrinsic growth rate (r) was 0.27 ton per year, catchability coefficient (q) was 0.000017 ton per unit, and environmental carrying capacity (K) was 622,614.72 ton per year. Result also showed that optimal production (h), effort (E) and profit (π) at Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) level 42,553.58 ton per year, 8,138 trips per year, and 263,783 billion rupiah (IDR), respectively. Meanwhile, those three variables at Maximum Economic Yield (MEY) were 41.670,87 ton per year, 6,966 trips per year, and 271,468 billion rupiah. However, the average of actual production, effort, and profit were 40,409.83 ton per year, 6,972 trips per year, and 260,408 billion rupiah. Moreover, total production and effort in 2016 were 42,009 ton and 10,114 trips. The status of pelagic fish stock in this area tends to be economic overfishing due to increased effort and less effective of fishing cost. Reducing fishing effort must be applied in fisheries management.
Sustainability certification as a pillar to promote Indonesian coffee competitiveness
Authors: Wahyudi A , Wulandari S , Aunillah A , Alouw J C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Coffee is an important agricultural product traded in global market. Coffee exports have contributed significantly to the economic growth of Indonesia, reducing the trade deficit and partly solved the problem of poverty reduction for people, especially in rural area. The demand of high-quality coffee is growing fast. The demand from consumers for certified coffee is also growing, and the price they are willing to pay has caught the attention of traders and producers. In global scope we have some sustainable coffee certifications including: Organic, Fair Trade Certified, Rainforest Alliance, Smithsonian Bird Friendly, UTZ Certified, and 4C Common Code. The objective of this review are: (1) perspective analysis of sustainable coffee certifications, (2) analysis of Indonesia coffee industry, and (3) strategy formulation in improving practices and accountability of Indonesia coffee development in global supply chains. There is evidence for a range of social, economic, and environmental benefits of certification. These certifications have the potential to create value for smallholders, as certain certified coffee carries a market premium. In order to meet market demand, coffee farmers have had to adapt a good farming practices to qualify for certification.
Exploration of endophytic bacteria for inducing plant growth and diseases resistance to vascular streak dieback (Ceratobasidium theobromae) on cacao
Authors: Giyanto  , Wahyuno D , Wartono  , Arifin F A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Indonesia is the third largest cacao production in the world after Ghana and Ivory Coast. The yield loss of cacao is drastically limited by the cacao diseases. Endophytic bacteria has been reported plays important role in inducing plant growth and diseases resistance. The aim of this research is to explore the endophytic bacteria capable to induce plant growth and diseases resistance to vascular streak dieback on cacao. The research step included: (1) isolation of endophytic bacteria from cacao tissues; (2) selection of endophytic bacteria as inducer of plant growth; (3) selection of endophytic bacteria as inducer of cacao plant resistance to Ceratobasidium theobromae; and (4) identification of potential isolates. Isolation of endophytic bacteria from Southeast Sulawesi, West Sumatera, and West Java resulted 288 bacterial isolates, and 40 of them induced strongly cacao seed germination. Further characterization on inducing plant growth characters and production of metabolite compound resulted 15 bacterial isolates for further analysis. Analysis phytoalexin compound produced by cacao seedling treated with endophytic bacteria revealed 10 isolates increases the relative ratio of Cyclohexene, 2-Methoxy-guaiacol, and 2,3-Dihydrobenzofuran, indicated inducing plant resistance to C. theobromae. Molecular identification showed highly similarity to Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas geniculata, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, and S. maltophilia, respectively.
The organic carbon dynamics of peat soil under liberica coffee cultivation
Authors: Hafif B , Sasmita K D 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The exploitation of peat soil considered enrich CO2 gas emissions in the atmosphere and contribute to global warming. The farmers in Jambi and Riau province have been cultivated Liberica coffee on peat soil since 1940. This study evaluated the effect of Liberica coffee cultivation to peat carbon conservation. The study was arranged as an observation method at the Liberica coffee tress aged 1) 4-6 years (young productive plants) and 2) > 10 years (mature productive plants). Each observation consisted of 16 trees. The results showed that the average CO2 emissions from the peat cultivated Liberica coffee around 23.7 Mg CO2/ha/year, while it from peat soil under natural forests were reported to be 20-40 Mg CO2/ha/year. The litters of the productive Liberica coffee trees return organic C to the peat about 0.35 to 4.7 Mg/ha/year. Compost of 13.5 Mg/ha of Liberica coffee cherries cascara and parchment, applied by farmers as a fertilizer also returned 7.38 Mg/ha/year of organic C, while the number of organic C carried by 1.5 Mg/ha/year of the Liberica coffee green beans was only 825 kg/ha/year, approximately. This study showed that the Liberika coffee cultivation on peat soil is a safe way to conserve C in peat soil.
The potential of liberoid coffee cultivation on the peatlands (a case study: the peatlands in the Meranti island, Riau)
Authors: Martono B , Sudjarmoko B , Udarno L 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The Meranti Islands is one of the liberoid coffee production centers in Indonesian of which 94% of its total land area consists of peatland. The objective of this study was to disclose the potential of liberoid coffee cultivation in the peatlands of the Meranti Islands, Riau Province. The study was conducted from July to December 2015 in the Meranti Islands Regency. This study was conducted by means of survey method. The data used were the primary and the secondary data. The results of the study showed that liberoid coffee was adaptive on peatlands of the Meranti Islands and had a high economic value, therefore it can be used as an alternative usage of peatlands in Indonesia. The superior varieties of coffee recommended for the development of liberoid coffee are Liberoid Meranti 1 and Liberoid Meranti 2. These varieties are classified as open-pollinated composite types with respective yield potential of 1.69 and 1.98 tons ha−1 of coffee, good seed quality, “excellent” flavor, and caffeine content of 1.02 and 1.11%. This variety is adaptive on peatlands with a climate A type or other areas that have the same agroecosystem as that of the Meranti Islands Regency.
Physico-chemical properties of clove oil from three forest clove accession groups in Maluku
Authors: Mahulette A S , Hariyadi  , Yahya S , Wachjar A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Forest cloves (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry.) are classified as wild and endemic clove to Maluku islands. So far, the studies on utilization of clove oil as an essential oil are still limited. This study aims to provide information on the physicochemical properties of clove oil from three clove accession groups in Maluku. Clove oil is obtained through the distillation of parts of the plant such as flowers bud, flower stalks, and leaves. The physicochemical components of clove oil in this study were compared to those of the standard type of cultivated clove oil, for there is no standard for forest clove oil. The results of the characterization of the physicochemical properties of clove oil revealed that the oils of the three clove accession groups met the standard of clove oil in several parameters, namely color (yellow to dark brown), specific gravity (0.9559-1,101 g ml−1), refractive index (1.5075-1.5467), β-caryophyllene (0.74-11.79%). However, they did not meet the standard of clove oil solubility in ethanol 70% (1:10) and total eugenol (20-28%). The clove accession groups had high oil content (in the distillation) from the flower bud section (1.33-3.00%), followed by the flower stalks (0.40-1.0%), and leaves (0.44-0.93%).
Physicochemical and phytochemical characteristics of exotic Cungap red coconut
Authors: Karouw S , Mawardi S , Miftahorrachman  , Pandin D S , Kumaunang J , Matana Y , Santosa B , Manaroinsong E , Tenda E T 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
“Cungap” red (CR) coconut is an exotic coconut that has specific characters, i.e. the husk contains high antioxidant components. The study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and phytochemical characteristics of CR coconut (husk, kernel, and water). Tender and mature CR coconut fruits were collected from farmers at Sukarena Village, Ciomas District, Serang Regency, Banten Province. The mature nuts were evaluated for the physicochemical characteristics (moisture, protein, ash, fat and fatty acids profile). Vitamins and minerals were measured from the young coconut water. Anthocyanin and β-carotene were analysed from the tender nuts (husk, meat, and water). The results showed that CR kernel contained 8.35% of water, 2.02% of ash, 7.13% of protein, and 60.09% of fat. The medium-chain fatty acids were mainly from the coconut kernel fat (52.55%). Lauric acid was the major fatty acid (45.89%). The Majority of minerals (calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium) contained in the coconut water; potassium content was the highest (289.95 mg/100 ml). The β-carotene content in the husk and kernel were 18.43/100g and 1.28 mg/100g, respectively. Also, the anthocyanin contents in the husk, kernel, and coconut water were 8.01 mg/100 g, 1.5 mg/100 g, and 0.8 mg/100 g, respectively. The study implies that CR coconut is potential as anthocyanin, β-carotene, and mineral sources for human health.
Genetic Diversity of Sugar Palm Populations from Cianjur and Banten revealed by Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers
Authors: Terryana R T , Nugroho K , Lestari P 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata Merr.) originating from Indonesia, is classified as underutilized plant but has potential as water conservation and high productivity sugar producer. Therefore, it is important to have baseline genetic diversity information for this plant species. In this study, seven simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to analyse genetic diversity of sugar palm trees among the populations collected from their natural areas, especially in Cianjur Regency located in West Java and Banten Province. To measure their genetic diversity, phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analysis were performed using using recommended softwares. The results revealed that high allele variation (23-33 alleles) was observed among sugar palm samples tested, with an average allele number and polymorphism information content (PIC) value was 27.143 and 0.942 (0.937-0.951) respectively. All of SSR markers showed PIC value >0.9 which indicated that these markers were suitable for sugar palm diversity studies with a high differentiation. The UPGMA cluster analysis based on Nei’s standard genetic distance and principle coordinate analysis produced two main groups that wereCianjur and Banten populations, indicating the geographical differentiation.. Taken together, the generated information about genetic diversity of sugar palm in this study could importantly contribute to assist sugar palm breeding program in Indonesia.
Genotype characterization of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr.) on seed and germination stage
Authors: Junaedi A , Wachjar A , Yamamoto Y , Furqoni H 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Characterization of local sugar palm accessions is not currently available. This characterization information will be useful in the development of high yielding varieties of sugar palm in Indonesia. The aims of this research were to study the morphology characters of sugar palm ranging from fruits, seeds until germination. The experiment used descriptive method to observe the morphological characteristics of seed germination. Each accession and variety used 20 of sugar palm seeds germinated in the polybag and repeated 5 times. Observations were carried out up to 90 days after sowing (DAS). The results showed that the accession of Pematang Siantar, Bengkulu Lebong, Bengkulu Curup, Banten, Cianjur, and variety of Kutai Timur has range of fruit weight 37.2-66.2 g, range of seed weight 3.7-6.3 g, range of seed length 23.3-31.8 mm, range of seed diameter 17.6-20.7 mm, range of seed fresh weight 16.0-29.3 g, range of seed dry weight 13.4-21.8 g, range of potential growth 66-100%, range of germination percentage 44-98%, range of seed water content 22-36%, range of hypocotyl length 9.6-14.0 cm (90 DAS), range of radicle length 17.6-27.2 cm (90 DAS), and range of plumule length 8.3-19.2 cm (90 DAS).
Alley cropping in immature oil palm
Authors: Rizki D P , Hariyadi  , Suwarto  
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Limitation of planting area can be managed by optimizing the immature with alley cropping. The purpose of this research is to analyze the increase in crop productivity with a variety of fertilizer doses and analyze dosage used on intercrops. The experiment was conducted at KUD Tunas Muda, Siak Regency, Riau, November 2018 until March 2019. This experiment used a nested randomized complete block design (RCBD) the treatment consisted of two treatment factors, fertilization treatment as the main factor and crop treatment as a sub-plot. Fertilization treatment consisted of three levels, P1 (fertilizer recommendation), P2 (manure 5 tonsha−1 + 1/2 fertilizer recommendation) and P3 (manure 2.5 tonsha−1 + 1/2 fertilizer recommendation). The treatment of plants consisted of four levels, T1 (without the crop), T2 (soybean monoculture), T3 (intercropping corn + soyben (1:2)), T4 (monoculture corn). The intercropping pattern in oil palm plantations can increase land productivity. The soybean intercropping patterns affect yield components. The P3 treatment (2.5 tonsha−1 manure + 1/2 recommended fertilizer) is the optimum fertilizer dosage for corn and soybean cultivation in the oil palm area (TBM-1) by intercropping based on the results of the land equality ratio of 1.76.
Population of oil palm pollinator insect (Elaeidobius kamerunicus faust.) at PTP Nusantara VIII Cisalak Baru, Rangkasbitung-Banten
Authors: Siswanto  , Soetopo D 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The role of Elaeidobius kamerunicus in oil palm plantations in recent times is questioned related to the decline in oil palm productivity. The research aim is to study the E. kamerunicus beetle population and the factors that influence it. The study was carried out in the oil palm plantation PTP Nusantara VIII Cisalak Baru, Rangkasbitung-Banten. The beetle population were calculated on 3 spikelets at the base, middle, and end of an anthesis flower bunch of oil palm plant samples aged 13 and 5 years using purposive sampling method. Observation were carried out 3 times in May, September and November 2015. Morphological observation of beetle E.Kamerunicus was carried out in Balittro laboratory. The results showed that the population of E. kamerunicus in the study area was quite abundant and fluctuated. The average population of E. kamerunicus in oil palm plantation in May, September and November, are 15.168, 6.139, and 37.575 insect/ha in plantations aged 13 years, and 11.205, 7.534, and 49.209 insect / ha in oil palm plantation aged 5 years with the higest population occur in November. The fluctuation seem influenced by environmental factors such as rainfall, the present of rats as natural enemy, and the number of spikelet.
Control Strategies of Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Black Pepper Plantation
Authors: Wiratno  , Maris P , Wahyuno T E , Djiwanti S R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Plant parasitic nematode is one of important pests causing big loss in crop production. Currently, black pepper is considered as one of major agricultural products in Indonesia, hence its cultivation including plant protection is important in black pepper development. Important parasitic nematodes such as Radopholus similis and Meloidogyne spp., have been known as causal agents of yellow disease in black pepper plantation. These parasitic nematodes could be controlled integrally through several approaches such as using biological control agents, botanical pesticide, and enhancing cultural practice strategies. Biological control using nematode-parasitic bacteria has been proven able to suppress the development of the parasitic nematode in the soil. The use of synthetic pesticide was usually applied as the last effort because of their serious implications for human health not only for the farmers, but also for the consumers and the environment. Therefore, recently, people begin to fascinate the use botanical pesticides known as pesticide of plant origin. Clove, tobacco, and betel vine extract have been proven effectively reduced the penetration rate of the nematode, and suppressed the nematode population development in roots and the percentage of rhizome-knot symptom. These organic materials may be developed for the active ingredient of botanical nematicide. Cultural practices such as amendment of organic materials as mulch becomes important strategy to reduce percentage of total nematode population and its reproduction rates, while at the same time it improves soil quality hence the plant grows well.