bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Multilateralism with Chinese Characteristics
Authors: Kondapalli Srikanth 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
While it is notable that China has become a member of almost all international organizations (excepting the OECD, International Energy Agency, and Missile Technology Control Regime), much less noticeable has been China’s steadily increasing involvement in regional multilateral organizations and groups of nations. As China has expanded its global footprint into literally every continent and part of the planet, Beijing has sought to join existing institutions in those regions—but what is particularly noteworthy is that China has stimulated and created a wide range of new organizations and regional groupings all around the world. That is what this chapter is about—China’s regional multilateralism. Such Chinese initiatives most notably include: the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Association of Southeast Asian Nations Plus China (ASEAN + 10), Brazil-Russia-India-China-South Africa (BRICS), Forum for China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), China–Arab States Cooperation Forum (CACF), China–Central and Eastern Europe Countries (CEEC), and a series of groupings in Latin America (China–Latin America Forum, China-Caribbean Economic and Trade Cooperation Forum, China–Latin America Common Market Dialogue, and China–Latin America Business Summit). China has been either the initiator of, or actively engaged in, the creation of all these groupings.
Maps, Space, and Power
Authors: Callahan William A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis introduction explains how the chapters in Part III, “Visual Artifacts and Sensory Spaces” move beyond existing debates in visual IR to see how visual artifacts can provoke a different kind of sensible politics. The chapters highlight a broad range of visual and multisensory experiences—making maps, wearing a veil, building a wall, enjoying a garden, surfing the Web—to argue that visual artifacts not only mean things, but also can “do” things and “make” things in nonnarrative, multisensory, and performative ways. It develops the concept of “visual artifacts” and stresses how Asian and Middle Eastern concepts, practices, and experiences can aid us in understanding sensible politics both beyond Eurocentrism and within Euro-America. Part III thus argues that to understand social theory and international politics, we need to expand from analysis of visual images to appreciate visual artifacts as material modalities and sensory spaces.
Gardens in Diplomacy, War, and Peace
Authors: Callahan William A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Chapter 10 continues the exploration of how visual artifacts can be sensory spaces and infrastructures of feeling that provoke unexpected affective communities of sense. It examines gardens as social constructions of social-ordering and world-ordering that both shape and participate in international politics. It questions how we use peace/war to understand international politics and argues that the “civility/martiality” dynamic is better for grasping such social-ordering and world-ordering performances. It develops civility/martiality to explore the sensible politics of how two key national war memorial sites—China’s Nanjing Massacre Memorial and Japan’s Yasukuni Shrine—work as gardens to perform international politics in unexpected ways. The conclusion considers how civility/martiality is useful for understanding (and feeling) the sensible politics of other key national memorial spaces, such as the National September 11 Museum and Memorial in New York. As with film-making, here garden-building is theory-building: by producing new sites and sensibilities, it creatively shapes our understanding of international politics.
Lessons Learned: Nuclear Reversal, International Relations, and Future Challenges
Authors: Mehta Rupal N. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The concluding chapter summarizes the book’s findings and examines its implications for both theorists and practitioners of international relations and nuclear security. In specific, it begins by providing a brief summary of the main argument, empirical results, and insights into current proliferation challenges. It next identifies four implications of this study for further consideration: rewards for tough proliferators, nuclear latency, multilateral bargaining, and credibility. It focuses on developments regarding current counterproliferation policy and how best to engage potential nuclear proliferators in the future. The chapter concludes with a summary of the recommendations for policymakers engaging in broader international efforts at nuclear reversal. Given the threat that future nuclear proliferators can pose to international security, there is no better time to focus our attention on the politics of nuclear reversal.
Ethics for Everyone
Authors: Churchill Larry R. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This book argues that an ethical life is more about mastering basic skills than applying theories. It describes the basic skills as follows: interrogating our moral prehistories; taming moral vanity and recognizing others; giving up the comforts of moral certainty; learning from our feelings; thinking slowly; expanding the reach of our empathy; claiming our own moral authority; linking goodness with happiness; and story-making at intersecting life trajectories. Nineteen exercises for better understanding and using these skills are provided. Five common pitfalls of ethical thinking are defined and explored. These are the trap of either/or thinking; expecting too much from moral theory; the desire for a unifying definition of ethics; restricting what experiences have more weight; and treating mysteries as moral problems. Concepts fundamental to ethics are emphasized in terms of their practical use. Among these are some that are typically neglected in ethics texts, such as forgiveness, love, spirituality, hope, and death. The use of the skills and concepts is illustrated for matters that extend beyond-the-lifespan, notably for the ethical problems of global warming. In the final chapter, 12 cases are provided, along with a section describing how to critically interrogate cases for bias. Throughout the book there is an emphasis on the way changes over the lifespan require rethinking ethical values.
Living in The Church of Almighty God
Authors: Introvigne Massimo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The chapter discusses the demographics of The Church of Almighty God and the difficulties of obtaining reliable statistics. It then presents the organization of the church. Although for theological reasons the church is reluctant to use the word “leader,” there are in fact leadership positions in China at the level of individual churches (20–50 members), sub-districts, districts, and provinces, with a parallel organization in the diaspora. There are internal administrative rules and a procedure to expel those who transgress them. The chapter also addresses the minimalist but rich worship style of the church. It concludes with a thorough examination of the church’s theology of beauty and of the artworks (paintings and movies) produced by the church.
The Red Dragon and the Pastors
Authors: Introvigne Massimo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In 2002 The Church of Almighty God was accused of having kidnapped thirty-four pastors and lay leaders of another Christian group, the China Gospel Fellowship (CGF). The police were informed, or so CGF claims, but did not arrest anybody. Eventually the CGF leaders returned home; only one ended up converting to The Church of Almighty God. However, the CGF kept the accusations alive, and two novels were published about the incident. The chapter discusses different interpretations of what happened and concludes that the same events may have been described as “kidnapping,” a serious crime, by the CGF and as mere “deception,” a minor misdemeanor, by the authorities.
Some Conclusions
Authors: Introvigne Massimo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The confrontation between the Chinese regime and The Church of Almighty God does not happen in a vacuum. The chapter reconstructs the different attitudes the Chinese Communist Party has had toward religions. Mao originally believed that, with the progress of Communism in China, religion will naturally disappear. Meanwhile, he tried to control it through five national associations (Catholic, Protestant, Muslim, Buddhist, and Daoist), to which all believers should mandatorily adhere. This strategy, however, failed to prevent the growth of independent religious bodies, and the Cultural Revolution tried to wipe religion out entirely. After the dust of the Cultural Revolution settled, Deng Xiaoping restored the five national associations and granted religion a limited tolerance. The chapter also shows that, under Xi Jinping, the attitude toward religion became again more negative. The groups banned as xie jiao suffer more than all the others.
Tragedy and Desire
Authors: Gilmore Jonathan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis chapter addresses the question of normative invariance vis-à-vis the desires people have for fictions, particularly tragic dramas for which one’s desires are often mutually inconsistent. One wants, e.g., for the tragic heroine to thrive and yet also for the story to culminate in her narratively mandated fate. In probing the kinds of rational constraints that may apply to one’s desires, including the apparently contrary desires elicited by tragic drama, this chapter asks whether what we want to happen within a fiction is—or should be—consistent with what we want to happen outside of it.
Martha Graham's Cold War
Authors: Phillips Victoria 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
“I am not a propagandist,” declared the matriarch of American modern dance, Martha Graham, while on her State Department–funded tour in 1955. Graham’s claim inspires questions: the United States government exported Graham and her company internationally to more than thirty nations in Asia, Europe, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East, representing every seated president from Dwight D. Eisenhower through Ronald Reagan, and planned under George H. W. Bush. Although in the diplomatic field she was titled the “Picasso of modern dance,” and in later years “Forever Modern,” Graham was known to proclaim, “I am not a modernist.” In addition, she declared, “I am not a liberationist,” yet she intersected with politically powerful women such as Eleanor Roosevelt; Eleanor Dulles, sister of Eisenhower’s Dulles brothers in the State Department and CIA; Jackie Kennedy Onassis; Betty Ford; and political matriarch Barbara Bush. While bringing religious characters inspired by the Bible and the American frontier to the stage in a battle against the atheist communists, Graham insisted, “I am not a missionary.” To her abstract, mythic and biblical works, she added the trope of the American frontier. While her work promoted the United States as modern and culturally sophisticated, her casting promoted a vision of America as racially and culturally integrated. During the Cold War, the reconfigured history of modernism as apolitical in its expression of “the heart and soul of mankind” met political needs abroad with Graham’s tours. With her modernism, Graham demonstrated the power of the individual, republicanism, immigrants, and ultimately freedom from walls and metaphorical fences with the unfettered language of movement and dance as cultural diplomacy.
Estrogen Treatment in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Morgan Kelly N. , Gleason Carey E. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An effort to mitigate the cumbersome physiological, cognitive, and psychological changes that naturally occur during the menopausal transition has been ongoing for decades. Discrepant findings of symptom presentation and mediation across translational models and among human studies have perplexed researchers for years. Specifically, as an understanding of the role of estrogenic signaling in processes underlying cognition and emotion regulation evolved, researchers speculated that exogenous hormonal therapy might modify disease/symptom onset and course. This chapter describes the variable methodological approaches that likely led to disparities in the literature around hormone therapy use, particularly as it pertains to manipulating symptom onset and course of Alzheimer’s pathology. The authors expound upon current recommendations for exogenous hormone therapy use in aging women and how researchers arrived at these conclusions. Finally, we describe remaining questions regarding hormone therapy use and its long-term impact on cognition and mood, Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers, vascular functioning, and genomic variables.
Considerations on the Use of Aromatase Inhibitors in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Blaustein Jeffrey D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
About 1 of every 8 women will develop breast cancer during her lifetime, and approximately 250,000 new cancer cases are expected annually as of 2017. Of those breast cancers, approximately 60% to 75% will express estrogen receptors, suggesting that estrogens are likely to promote growth of those tumors. Because the use of inhibitors of the synthesis of estrogens is the adjuvant treatment of choice for many women, it is essential that we understand the potential adverse effects on quality of life of those treatments. This review addresses the role of estrogens locally synthesized in the brain in laboratory animals and women, the effects of estrogens on cognitive function, the effects of synthesis blockers on cognitive function, and the limitations in performing experiments that will give us strong confidence in the results and conclusions.
Introduction
Authors: Seeley William P. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This chapter introduces a model aimed at dissolving general philosophical skepticism about research in cognitive science and aesthetics. The discussion is focused around what can be called the puzzle of locating art. The puzzle of locating art emerges from two skeptical arguments: the common perceptual mechanisms argument and the normative dimension of appreciation argument. The central argument of the chapter is that skepticism about the value of cognitive science to explanations of art is an artifact of a confusion among cognitive scientists about the role of aesthetics in the arts and a confusion among philosophers about the role information from neuroscience plays in psychological explanations.
Metakinesis and the Average Dance Audience
Authors: Seeley William P. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Chapter 5 evaluates skeptical arguments against metakinesis in dance appreciation. The chapter surveys evidence that sensorimotor processing and observational learning support an embodied projective perceptual capacity to recognize and understand the movements, intentions, and affective states of others. Finally, the chapter evaluates recent research in neuroscience of dance exploring whether and to what extent this sensorimotor perceptual capacity supports the proposed role for metakinesis in the kinaesthetic understanding and appreciation of dance.
The Southern Levant and the Ancient Near Eastern Canon
Authors: Hallote Rachel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
When the artistic canon of the Southern Levant coalesced in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, scholars thought of the region, then Ottoman Palestine, as the locus of the Bible. The small-scale nature of the archaeological finds as well as their relative dearth reinforced a reliance on biblical narratives as a framework for understanding the culture of the region. Moreover, early scholarship did not recognize the complex regionalism of the Southern Levant or the diversity of its populations. Consequently, the artistic canon that developed did not represent the historical and archaeological realities of the region. This chapter examines the history of how the artistic canon of the Southern Levant formed over the past century of scholarship, why various scholars of the early and middle twentieth century included particular items in the canon, and why these now entrenched representations may or may not be helpful to the discipline’s future.
Archaeological Research in Pre-Classical Syria and the Canon of Ancient Near Eastern Art and Archaeology
Authors: Pucci Marina 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Since the late nineteenth century, developments in academia, politics, and cultural policies have repeatedly transformed archaeological research in Syria and, in turn, the Syrian canon. After reviewing the birth and development of archaeological research in Syria, this chapter presents a survey of exhibitions and publications. A shift is observed from aesthetically motivated assessments of pre-classical Syrian culture in relation to Mesopotamian and Anatolian monuments and chronologies, to a view of Syria as a multicentered entity with its own complex identity and material diversity. Building upon recent perspectives that emphasize archaeological context over formal artistic characteristics, this chapter concludes with a discussion of some non-canonical objects and also proposes that 3D site reconstructions support a better understanding of the conceptualization and various agencies surrounding an object in its ancient context. Ultimately, an archaeologically contextualized canon could serve as a model for a more nuanced picture of the ancient Near East. 3D modeling, ‘Ain et-Tell, archaeology, bēt ḫilāni, Ebla, exhibitions, Mari, museums, Qatna, Syria
Defining the Canon of Funerary Archaeology in the Ancient Near East
Authors: Laneri Nicola 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In archaeology, funerary practices are a quintessential element in the process of interpreting ancient societies because of the widespread presence in the archaeological record of remains associated with mortuary depositions. For this reason, throughout the twentieth century, archaeologists have debated both methodologically and theoretically what value to assign to the remains of funerary rituals enacted by ancient communities in relationship to other social and cultural domains. The aim of this chapter is to define the canon of ancient Near Eastern funerary practices through a detailed interpretation of the relationship between funerary practices, socioeconomic organization, and religious beliefs. With the use of a diachronic perspective, transformation in one of these domains is shown to have had a direct impact on the others. Case studies test how specific aspects of mortuary and funerary practices among prehistoric through first-millennium BCE Near Eastern communities have become canonical.
Museums as Vehicles for Defining Artistic Canons
Authors: Collins Paul 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The modern Western encounter with the ancient Near Eastern canon has been mediated largely by museums. Indeed, for the vast majority of specialists and nonspecialists alike the material remains of the ancient Near East are accessible firsthand only through museums. This point is significant because it is now recognized that museum exhibitions and displays have an important role in the formation of disciplinary knowledge. This chapter considers the ways in which the British Museum in London has historically presented and thereby potentially shaped and reiterated canons of ancient Near Eastern art and archaeology, and how it was received and shaped in turn by the nonspecialist visitor. The British Museum has been selected because of its significant collections but also for its long institutional history that reflects changing approaches to display and interpretation.
Cultural Heritage Attrition in Egypt
Authors: Hanna Monica 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This chapter is a call to archaeologists and museum curators to reflect upon their roles in the production of knowledge surrounding antiquities and to take more responsibility for historical awareness and appreciation in Egypt. Historical objects transform in significance over time and are in constant re-creation of identity, so we must keep pace with their contemporary relevance, and we should use that relevance to start a discourse on the construction of new identities in relation to cultural memories of the past through the contemporary interpretations of these objects in the daily life of different communities. People cannot appreciate what they do not know; if Egyptians do not have access to the knowledge of their ancient past, they will not understand the value of the significance of its material remains, and will continue to allow, through neglect, the total loss of archaeological sites to looting and commercial urbanization. In the end, this loss will result in a complete attrition of cultural heritage and historical memory that will further lead to a more diluted identity.
Creative drummers, artistry, virtuosity, and playing time
Authors: Brennan Matt 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This chapter explores the drummer as a creative artist versus their role as an accompanist and timekeeper. This chapter picks up in the late 1930s, when star drummers like Buddy Rich set new standards for virtuosity on the drum kit, and drum battles became popular displays of technical skill and showmanship. It also discusses the ‘all-girl’ swing bands of the 1930s and 1940s, focusing on the case of drummer Viola Smith. The chapter describes the increasingly prominent role of the drummer in the new bebop style of the 1940s, focusing on two of the drum kit’s greatest musical innovators, Kenny ‘Klook’ Clarke and Max Roach. It also traces the origins of the ‘four-on-the-floor’ pulse of the bass drum and backbeat on two and four of the snare drum that came to dominate dance music through the twentieth century to the present day. The chapter concludes with the drum kit’s second global superstar after Gene Krupa: Ringo Starr of the Beatles.
Introduction
Authors: Gordon Eric , Mugar Gabriel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The introduction introduces the concept of civic design and the social context from which it arises. Civic designers are practitioners working within public-serving organizations (government, news, and civil society), many of which are experiencing pressure to adopt new technologies and be responsive to a digital culture. These practitioners are pushing up against pressures to incorporate digital technologies for enhanced efficiency in order to build trust and forge new relationships with a plurality of publics. Each is engaging in the creation of meaningful inefficiencies, which is the intentional design of less efficient over more efficient means of achieving some ends. The introduction describes the conceptual framework surrounding these practices and explains the research methodology. Finally, each of the book’s chapters is introduced.
Care
Authors: Gordon Eric , Mugar Gabriel 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines the concept of care and describes the difference between caring about, caring for and caring with. Caring about is associated with attentiveness, caring for is relational, and caring with is a collective assigning of caring responsibilities, which is deeply connected to democratic values. Care is introduced as the desired outcome of civic design. The chapter includes two case studies from public radio stations in California and Alaska, each of which demonstrates how civic designers within news organizations are pushing back against industry demands for greater efficiency by creating thoughtful, deliberate spaces for cultivating care.