bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Road users rarely use explicit communication when interacting in today’s traffic: implications for automated vehicles
Authors: Lee Yee Mun , Madigan Ruth , Giles Oscar , Garach-Morcillo Laura , Markkula Gustav , Fox Charles , Camara Fanta , Rothmueller Markus , Vendelbo-Larsen Signe Alexandra , Rasmussen Pernille Holm , Dietrich Andre , Nathanael Dimitris , Portouli Villy , Schieben Anna , Merat Natasha 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo be successful, automated vehicles (AVs) need to be able to manoeuvre in mixed traffic in a way that will be accepted by road users, and maximises traffic safety and efficiency. A likely prerequisite for this success is for AVs to be able to communicate effectively with other road users in a complex traffic environment. The current study, conducted as part of the European project interACT, investigates the communication strategies used by drivers and pedestrians while crossing the road at six observed locations, across three European countries. In total, 701 road user interactions were observed and annotated, using an observation protocol developed for this purpose. The observation protocols identified 20 event categories, observed from the approaching vehicles/drivers and pedestrians. These included information about movement, looking behaviour, hand gestures, and signals used, as well as some demographic data. These observations illustrated that explicit communication techniques, such as honking, flashing headlights by drivers, or hand gestures by drivers and pedestrians, rarely occurred. This observation was consistent across sites. In addition, a follow-on questionnaire, administered to a sub-set of the observed pedestrians after crossing the road, found that when contemplating a crossing, pedestrians were more likely to use vehicle-based behaviour, rather than communication cues from the driver. Overall, the findings suggest that vehicle-based movement information such as yielding cues are more likely to be used by pedestrians while crossing the road, compared to explicit communication cues from drivers, although some cultural differences were observed. The implications of these findings are discussed with respect to design of suitable external interfaces and communication of intent by future automated vehicles.
A low incidence of perineal hernia when using a biological mesh after extralevator abdominoperineal excision with or without pelvic exenteration or distal sacral resection in locally advanced rectal cancer patients
Authors: Dijkstra E. A. , Kahmann N. L. E. , Hemmer P. H. J. , Havenga K. , van Etten B. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE), abdominoperineal excision (APE) or pelvic exenteration (PE) with or without sacral resection (SR) for locally advanced rectal cancer leaves a significant defect in the pelvic floor. At first, this defect was closed primarily. To prevent perineal hernias, the use of a biological mesh to restore the pelvic floor has been increasing. The aim of this study, was to evaluate the outcome of the use of a biological mesh after ELAPE, APE or PE with/without SR.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on patients who had ELAPE, APE or PE with/without SR with a biological mesh (Permacol™) for pelvic reconstruction in rectal cancer in our center between January 2012 and April 2015. The endpoints were the incidence of perineal herniation and wound healing complications.

Results
Data of 35 consecutive patients [22 men, 13 women; mean age 62 years (range 31–77 years)] were reviewed. Median follow-up was 24 months (range 0.4–64 months). Perineal hernia was reported in 3 patients (8.6%), and was asymptomatic in 2 of them. The perineal wound healed within 3 months in 37.1% (n = 13), within 6 months in 51.4% (n = 18) and within 1 year in 62.9% (n = 22). In 17.1% (n = 6), the wound healed after 1 year. It was not possible to confirm perineal wound healing in the remaining 7 patients (20.0%) due to death or loss to follow-up. Wound dehiscence was reported in 18 patients (51.4%), 9 of whom needed vacuum-assisted closure therapy, surgical closure or a flap reconstruction.

Conclusions
Closure of the perineal wound after (EL)APE with a biological mesh is associated with a low incidence of perineal hernia. Wound healing complications in this high-risk group of patients are comparable to those reported in the literature.
Body motion, early algebra, and the colours of abstraction
Authors: Nemirovsky Ricardo , Ferrara Francesca , Ferrari Giulia , Adamuz-Povedano Natividad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper focuses on the emergence of abstraction through the use of a new kind of motion detector—WiiGraph—with 11-year-old children. In the selected episodes, the children used this motion detector to create three simultaneous graphs of position vs. time: two graphs for the motion of each hand and a third one corresponding to their difference. They explored relationships that can be ascribed to an equation of the type A – B = C. We examine the notion of abstraction on its own, without assuming a dualism abstract-concrete according to which more of one is less of the other. We propose a distinct path for the attainment of abstraction, which involves navigating a surplus of sensible qualities. The work described in this paper belongs to early algebra, we suggest, because it involves the elementary symbolic treatment of unknowns and generals. More broadly, it advances a perspective on the nature of mathematical abstraction.
Genotyping Xylella fastidiosa in Rabbiteye blueberry in Louisiana, USA
Authors: Ferguson Mary Helen , Clark Christopher A. , Smith Barbara J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei = V. virgatum) comprises much of the blueberry acreage in the southeastern USA states of Louisiana and Mississippi. Three genotypes of X. fastidiosa were identified from rabbiteye blueberry in Louisiana by multilocus sequence typing. A genotype that was found at two orchards, sequence type (ST) 42, was identical to one previously found in southern highbush blueberry in Georgia and two non-blueberry native species in Texas. Two newly identified genotypes shared most alleles with X. fastidiosa strains considered, like ST 42, to be part of a group that is believed to have resulted from recombination between X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex and subsp. fastidiosa. These two genotypes each also had one newly identified allele. This work suggests that a narrow range of X. fastidiosa genotypes infect rabbiteye blueberry in Louisiana but that rabbiteye blueberry may serve as an alternative host for X. fastidiosa strains that infect more susceptible southern highbush cultivars.
Aspects of $$C^0$$ causal theory
Authors: Ling Eric 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper serves as an introduction to $$C^0$$

C
0

causal theory. We focus on those parts of the theory which have proven useful for establishing spacetime inextendibility results in low regularity—a question which is motivated by the strong cosmic censorship conjecture in general relativity. This paper is self-contained; prior knowledge of causal theory is not assumed.
Open Sesame? Open access priorities, incentives, and policies among higher education institutions in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Boufarss Mohamed , Laakso Mikael 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHigher education institutions (HEIs) have an instrumental role in the move towards Open Access (OA) by shaping the national strategies, policies, and agendas. This study sets out to explore the role of HEIs in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) OA uptake and reflect on the ongoing international initiatives pushing for universal OA to research. The study is based on an online survey targeted at UAE higher education institutions research management units. In order to measure the institutional views, only one response was solicited from each institution. A total of 19 valid responses were received, making up 47% of HEIs included in the population of organisations. Our results suggest that there is low commitment to OA among UAE HEIs as attested by the low number of OA policies, scarce OA funding, limited proliferation of institutional repositories, perceived lack of urgency to migrate from current access models, and little consideration of OA for promotion purposes. The study is the first of its kind in the UAE, Arab and Middle Eastern countries, providing rare insight into a growing phenomenon that is global, yet most vocally discussed from a western perspective and context. The study contributes to the debate on the role of HEIs in the transition to OA and in shaping national and regional OA policies, as well as informing international initiatives about the current status of OA in the region.
Mapping an innovation ecosystem using network clustering and community identification: a multi-layered framework
Authors: Xu Guannan , Hu Weijie , Qiao Yuanyuan , Zhou Yuan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe existing literature on innovation ecosystem overlooks the differences between knowledge ecosystems and business ecosystems, and mostly focuses on a single-layer analysis of the ecosystem. Also, ecosystem mapping studies involve either whole-network analysis at the macro-level or ego-network analysis at the micro-level, while few studies have investigated network community analysis at the meso-level. Therefore, this paper proposes a framework of Multi-layered Innovation Ecosystem Mapping (MIEM) to explore both knowledge and business ecosystems, thereby extending the analysis to the network communities. Based on multi-source heterogeneous data and machine learning, MIEM includes four steps in conducting the analysis: define the research scope and collect data; construct whole networks; identify communities; and recognize strategic roles. In particular, Newman topological clustering is adopted to identify network communities, and a strategic-role matrix is used to analyze the roles in a community. Based on this framework, a case study of numerical-control machine tool ecosystem mapping is conducted using patents and value-added tax invoice data.
Milk production and lactation length in Ankole cattle and Ankole crossbreds in Rwanda
Authors: Manzi Maximillian , Rydhmer Lotta , Ntawubizi Martin , D’Andre Hirwa Claire , Karege Callixte , Strandberg Erling 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study assessed daily milk yield (DMY), 100-day (MY100), and 305-day (MY305) milk yield, and lactation length (LL) in purebred Ankole cattle and Ankole crossbreds, and the influence of environmental factors on these traits. Milk yield data were obtained for 865 cows and 1234 lactations and analyzed using a mixed linear model. The overall least squares mean of DMY, MY100, and MY305 across breed groups was 2.7 L (N = 1234, SD = 1.7), 262 L (N = 959, SD = 176), and 759 L (N = 448, SD = 439), respectively, while the average lactation length was 256 days (N = 960, SD = 122). All factors included (breed group, season and year of calving, and parity) were significant for yield traits, except season of calving for MY305. First-parity cows had the lowest milk production, and fourth-parity cows the highest. For all traits, pure Ankole cows had the lowest milk yield. Among the crossbreds, there was no significant difference between Ankole × Friesian, Ankole-Jersey mother × Sahiwal sire, and Ankole-Sahiwal mother × Jersey sire, or between Ankole × Sahiwal and Ankole-Sahiwal mother × Sahiwal sire. It was concluded that Ankole crosses with Friesian or Jersey can be beneficial, even under a management system of limited nutrition as in Rwanda.
Synaptic Loss, ER Stress and Neuro-Inflammation Emerge Late in the Lateral Temporal Cortex and Associate with Progressive Tau Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Buchanan Heather , Mackay Murray , Palmer Kerri , Tothová Karolína , Katsur Miroslava , Platt Bettina , Koss David J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe complex multifactorial nature of AD pathogenesis has been highlighted by evidence implicating additional neurodegenerative mechanisms, beyond that of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau. To provide insight into cause and effect, we here investigated the temporal profile and associations of pathological changes in synaptic, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and neuro-inflammatory markers. Quantifications were established via immunoblot and immunohistochemistry protocols in post-mortem lateral temporal cortex (n = 46). All measures were assessed according to diagnosis (non-AD vs. AD), neuropathological severity (low (Braak ≤ 2) vs. moderate (3–4) vs. severe (≥ 5)) and individual Braak stage, and were correlated with Aβ and tau pathology and cognitive scores. Postsynaptic PSD-95, but not presynaptic synaptophysin, was decreased in AD cases and demonstrated a progressive decline across disease severity and Braak stage, yet not with cognitive scores. Of all investigated ER stress markers, only phospho-protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (p-PERK) correlated with Braak stage and was increased in diagnosed AD cases. A similar relationship was observed for the astrocytic glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); however, the associated aquaporin 4 and microglial Iba1 remained unchanged. Pathological alterations in these markers preferentially correlated with measures of tau over those related to Aβ. Notably, GFAP also correlated strongly with Aβ markers and with all assessments of cognition. Lateral temporal cortex-associated synaptic, ER stress and neuro-inflammatory pathologies are here determined as late occurrences in AD progression, largely associated with tau pathology. Moreover, GFAP emerged as the most robust indicator of disease progression, tau/Aβ pathology, and cognitive impairment.
Mathematical work of Franciszek Hugon Szafraniec and its impacts
Authors: Curto Raúl E. , Gazeau Jean-Pierre , Horzela Andrzej , Moslehian Mohammad Sal , Putinar Mihai , Schmüdgen Konrad , de Snoo Henk , Stochel Jan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this essay, we present an overview of some important mathematical works of Professor Franciszek Hugon Szafraniec and a survey of his achievements and influence.
Business, Human Rights and Peace: Linking the Academic Conversation
Authors: KATSOS John E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe fields of business and human rights (BHR) and business for peace (B4P) have overlaps in how they view business in society and in their multidisciplinary nature. This paper seeks to build on the work of BHR scholars in connecting with the B4P scholarly community, to bridge the divide by explaining the elements of the B4P literature that might be of interest for BHR scholars, and to describe a joint research agenda for scholars in both fields. The paper begins with a literature review of the major assertions and findings of B4P on the role that business can and should play in enhancing peace. Similarities and differences in approach and theories between BHR and B4P are then noted. A common research agenda is proposed that BHR and B4P scholars may use as a starting point for broader collaboration.
DNA damage checkpoint kinases in cancer
Authors: Smith Hannah L. , Southgate Harriet , Tweddle Deborah A. , Curtin Nicola J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDNA damage response (DDR) pathway prevents high level endogenous and environmental DNA damage being replicated and passed on to the next generation of cells via an orchestrated and integrated network of cell cycle checkpoint signalling and DNA repair pathways. Depending on the type of damage, and where in the cell cycle it occurs different pathways are involved, with the ATM-CHK2-p53 pathway controlling the G1 checkpoint or ATR-CHK1-Wee1 pathway controlling the S and G2/M checkpoints. Loss of G1 checkpoint control is common in cancer throughTP53, ATMmutations, Rb loss or cyclin E overexpression, providing a stronger rationale for targeting the S/G2 checkpoints. This review will focus on the ATM-CHK2-p53-p21 pathway and the ATR-CHK1-WEE1 pathway and ongoing efforts to target these pathways for patient benefit.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with pre-existing anxiety disorders attending secondary care
Authors: Plunkett R. , Costello S. , McGovern M. , McDonald C. , Hallahan B 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesTo examine the psychological and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with established anxiety disorders during a period of stringent mandated social restrictions.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 individuals attending the Galway-Roscommon Mental Health Services with an International Classification of Diseases diagnosis of an anxiety disorder to determine the impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on anxiety and mood symptoms, social and occupational functioning and quality of life.ResultsTwelve (40.0%) participants described COVID-19 restrictions as having a deleterious impact on their anxiety symptoms. Likert scale measurements noted that the greatest impact of COVID-19 related to social functioning (mean = 4.5, SD = 2.9), with a modest deleterious effect on anxiety symptoms noted (mean = 3.8, SD = 2.9). Clinician rated data noted that 8 (26.7%) participants had disimproved and 14 (46.7%) participants had improved since their previous clinical review, prior to commencement of COVID-19 restrictions. Conditions associated with no ‘trigger’, such as generalised anxiety disorder, demonstrated a non-significant increase in anxiety symptoms compared to conditions with a ‘trigger’, such as obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychiatric or physical comorbidity did not substantially impact on symptomatology secondary to COVID-19 mandated restrictions.ConclusionsThe psychological and social impact of COVID-19 restrictions on individuals with pre-existing anxiety disorders has been modest with only minimal increases in symptomatology or social impairment noted.
Estimation of kiwifruit yield by leaf nutrients concentration and artificial neural network
Authors: Torkashvand Ali Mohammadi , Ahmadipour Afsoon , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThere is a fundamental concern regarding the prediction of kiwifruit yield based on the concentration of nutrients in the leaf (2–3 months before fruits harvesting). For this purpose, the current study was designed to employ an artificial neural network (ANN) to evaluate the kiwi yield of Hayward cultivar. In this regard, 31 kiwi orchards (6–7 years old) in different parts of Rudsar, Guilan Province, Iran, with 101 plots (three trees in every plot) were selected. The complete leaves of branches with fruits were harvested, and the concentration of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, and magnesium measured. After fruit harvesting in late November, the fruit yield of each plot was evaluated along with the fresh and dry weights of the fruit. The ANN analyses were carried out using a multi-layer perceptron with the Langburge-Marquardt training algorithm. Using calcium (Ca) as input data (Ca-model) was more accurate than using nitrogen (N-model). The maximum R2and the lowest root mean square error was obtained when all nutrients and related ratios were considered as input variables. Since the difference between the proposed model and the model fitted by the calcium variable (Ca-model) was only about 6%, the Ca-model is recommended.
Inner-ear malformations as a cause of single-sided deafness
Authors: Tahir E , Bajin M D , Jafarov S , Yıldırım M Ö , Çınar B Ç , Sennaroğlu G , Sennaroğlu L 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence and distribution of inner-ear malformations in congenital single-sided deafness cases, as details of malformation type are crucial for disease prognosis and management.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted of 90 patients aged under 16 years with congenital single-sided deafness. Radiological findings were evaluated using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Inner-ear malformations were identified and cochlear nerve status was determined in affected ears.ResultsOut of 90 ears, 42 (46.7 per cent) were found to have inner-ear malformation. Isolated cochlear aperture stenosis was the most common anomaly (n = 18, 20 per cent), followed by isolated cochlear aperture atresia (n = 11, 12.2 per cent) and cochlear hypoplasia (n = 7, 7.8 per cent). Cochlear nerve deficiency was encountered in 41 ears (45.6 per cent). The internal auditory canal was also stenotic in 49 ears (54.4 per cent).ConclusionInner-ear malformations, especially cochlear aperture anomalies, are involved in the aetiology of single-sided deafness more than expected. The cause of single-sided deafness differs greatly between congenital and adult-onset cases. All children with single-sided deafness should undergo radiological evaluation, as the prognosis and management, as well as the aetiology, may be significantly influenced by inner-ear malformation type.
Interjections in Tjwao
Authors: Andrason Alexander , Fehn Anne-Maria , Phiri Admire 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present paper provides a systematic description of interjections in a moribund Eastern Kalahari Khoe language – Tjwao. After analysing original evidence within a prototype-driven approach, the authors conclude the following: (a) in Tjwao, the interjectional lexical class constitutes an internally diverse category confined between the canonical centre and a non-prototypical periphery; and (b) primary emotive interjections exhibit the highest degree of canonicity and extra-systematicity, while the canonicity and extra-systematicity of secondary phatic interjections is lowest.
Feedback to Prepare EMS Teams to Manage Infected Patients with COVID-19: A Case Series
Authors: Ghazali Daniel Aiham , Ouersighni Amina , Gay Matthieu , Audebault Virginie , Pavlovsky Thomas , Casalino Enrique 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCoronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a new respiratory disease, is spreading globally. In France, Emergency Medical Service (EMS) teams are mobile medicalized resuscitation teams composed of emergency physician, nurse or anesthesiologist nurse, ambulance driver, and resident. Four types of clinical cases are presented here because they have led these EMS teams to change practices in their management of patients suspected of COVID-19 infection: cardiac arrest, hypoxia on an acute pneumonia, acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation with respiratory and hemodynamic disorders, and upper function disorders in a patient in a long-term care facility. The last case raised the question of COVID-19 cases with atypical forms in elderly subjects. Providers were contaminated during the management of these patients. These cases highlighted the need to review the way these EMS teams are responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, in view of heightening potential for early identification of suspicious cases, and of reinforcing the application of staff protection equipment to limit risk of contamination.
Acquisition of Spanish verbal morphology by child bilinguals: Overregularization by heritage speakers and second language learners
Authors: Fernández-Dobao Ana , Herschensohn Julia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe current study analyzes Spanish present tense morphology with a focus on overregularization. It examines written production from two groups of English/Spanish bilingual children in a dual immersion setting, Spanish heritage language (SHL) speakers (n = 21) and Spanish second language (SL2) learners (n = 41), comparing them to age-matched (nine to ten years old) Spanish majority language children (n = 15). Spanish majority children show full mastery of present tense regular, stem-changing and irregular morphology. SHL children seem to have acquired mastery of regular inflectional morphology, but not of stem-changing morphology. SL2 children are significantly less accurate than both majority Spanish and SHL children in terms of both regular and irregular morphology. Evidence of overregularization, but not of irregularization, is provided for both SHL and SL2 children. The analysis of overregularization errors supports a variational approach (Yang, 2016) to acquisition, storage and access of morphology.