bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 3. Injuries in the primary dentition
Authors: Day Peter F. , Flores Marie Therese , O'Connell Anne C. , Abbott Paul V. , Tsilingaridis Georgios , Fouad Ashraf F. , Cohenca Nestor , Lauridsen Eva , Bourguignon Cecilia , Hicks Lamar , Andreasen Jens Ove , Cehreli Zafer C. , Harlamb Stephen , Kahler Bill , Oginni Adeleke , Semper Marc , Levin Liran 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTraumatic injuries to the primary dentition present special problems that often require far different management when compared to that used for the permanent dentition. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed these Guidelines as a consensus statement after a comprehensive review of the dental literature and working group discussions. Experienced researchers and clinicians from various specialties and the general dentistry community were included in the working group. In cases where the published data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinions or majority decisions of the working group. They were then reviewed and approved by the members of the IADT Board of Directors. The primary goal of these Guidelines is to provide clinicians with an approach for the immediate or urgent care of primary teeth injuries based on the best evidence provided by the literature and expert opinions. The IADT cannot, and does not, guarantee favorable outcomes from strict adherence to the Guidelines; however, the IADT believes their application can maximize the probability of favorable outcomes.
Cognitive behavioural therapy for help‐seeking adolescents and young adults with at‐risk‐mental state: Effects on subclinical positive symptoms
Authors: Pozza Andrea , Domenichetti Sandro , Dèttore Davide 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimCognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is effective for at‐risk‐mental state (ARMS) in reducing/delaying transition to psychosis. However, previous systematic reviews pointed out the small number of trials as a limitation and suggested that additional outcomes should be evaluated, not only prevention of first psychosis episode. No study assessed the CBT effects on subclinical psychotic symptoms. The present study investigated the effects of CBT on the transition risk (primary outcome), and on overall remission from ARMS and severity of subclinical symptoms, that is, unusual content of thought, non‐bizarre ideas, perceptual abnormalities, disorganized speech (secondary outcome).MethodsCBT consisted of 30 individual weekly sessions over 7 months. Fifty‐eight participants with ARMS detected by the Comprehensive Assessment of At‐Risk‐Mental States were randomized to CBT or control condition.ResultsRespectively in the CBT and control groups, 1 (3.40%) and 5 (26.31%) participants at post‐treatment and 3 (10.30%) and 8 (42.10%) at follow‐up made transition with a difference between the two groups, despite at borderline significance. At post‐treatment and follow‐up, respectively, the number of participants recovered from ARMS was significantly higher in CBT (76.92% and 61.53%) than in control (10.52% and 15.80%). Participants in the control group reported lower reductions on all the subclinical symptoms over time as compared with those in CBT.ConclusionsThis is the first study assessing CBT on subclinical positive symptoms in ARMS. CBT seems to be a tailored approach able to produce short‐ and long‐term benefits on this outcome.
A 71‐nucleotide deletion in the periaxin gene in an Italian patient with late‐onset slowly progressive demyelinating Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease
Authors: Citrigno L. , Zoccolella S. , Lastella P. , Simone I. L. , Muglia M. 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundCharcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease (CMT) constitutes a group of heterogeneous hereditary motor and sensor neuropathies. Mutations in the periaxin (PRX) gene cause CMT4F with an autosomal recessive early‐onset demyelinating neuropathy and are extremely rare in a non‐Romani white population.MethodsWe report on a 66‐year‐old Italian man presenting with slowly progressive and late‐onset demyelinating CMT. The molecular analysis was performed using a custom panel containing 39 genes associated with the CMT phenotype.ResultsThe patient harbored a homozygous PRX 71‐nucleotide deletion (c.3286_3356del71, I1096fsX17).ConclusionsThis is the first report that describes such a genetic mutation in a population of non‐Romani origin.
Cancer risk perception predictors for total body skin examinations: a cross‐sectional study using Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 2017 data
Authors: Merten Julie W. , Hamadi Hanadi , Wheeler Meghann 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundDespite the lack of national skin cancer screening recommendations, a total body skin examination by a healthcare provider may detect skin cancer earlier, allowing for more effective treatment and better outcomes.ObjectiveExamine prevalence, demographic, and cancer risk perceptions of adults who have had a skin examination performed by a healthcare provider.MethodsRetrospective, cross‐sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults using the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). Logistic regressions were performed to identify associations between having a skin examination, risk perceptions, and demographic variables.ResultsApproximately 46% of the sample reported having a skin examination. Females, college graduates, those with a history of skin cancer, people who check their skin for signs of skin cancer, and adults over the age of 45 were more likely to have a skin examination. The people least likely to be screened were those not wanting to know their chances of getting cancer.LimitationsHINTS is a cross‐sectional survey which provides only a glimpse of predictors.ConclusionsThe findings are consistent with other studies that people sometimes avoid cancer risk information. An educational intervention focused on the benefits of early cancer detection would benefit people who report not wanting to know their chances of getting cancer.
Equity in sustainable development: Community responses to environmental gentrification
Authors: Krings Amy , Schusler Tania M. 
Published: May 2020

Sustainable development aims to address economic, social, and environmental imperatives; yet, in practice, it often embodies a neoliberal market logic that reinforces inequalities. Thus, as the social work profession grapples with its role in advancing environmental sustainability, practice models must explicitly attend to social and economic justice. For example, environmental gentrification refers to situations in which the cleanup of contaminated land or the installation of environmental amenities intentionally or unintentionally catalyzes increased housing costs, thereby contributing to the displacement of vulnerable residents. With the goal of contributing to practice knowledge, we conducted a systematic review of peer‐reviewed articles (1997−2017) to learn how community groups have responded to the threat of environmental gentrification. We found that community organizations employ a range of strategies, including blocking development, negotiating for protections, planning alternatives, and allying with gentrifiers. We conclude by exploring ethical implications and practice principles to help social workers engage in truly sustainable development.Key Practitioner Message: •The term environmental gentrification describes situations where improvements to environmental quality increase real estate prices, contributing to the displacement of vulnerable residents; •An environmental justice framework attending to procedural, distributional, and recognition-based claims provides a model for social work practice;•Opportunities exist for social workers to take an intersectional rather than siloed approach to integrate economic, social, and environmental concerns.
The early landscape of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine development in the UK and rest of the world
Authors: Sharpe Hannah R. , Gilbride Ciaran , Allen Elizabeth , Belij‐Rammerstorfer Sandra , Bissett Cameron , Ewer Katie , Lambe Teresa 
Published: May 2020

SummarySince the first World Health Organization notification on 31 December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), the respiratory disease caused by the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has been responsible for over four million confirmed infections and almost 300 000 deaths worldwide. The pandemic has led to over half of the world's population living under lockdown conditions. To allow normal life to resume, public health interventions will be needed to prevent further waves of infections as lockdown measures are lifted. As one of the most effective countermeasures against infectious diseases, an efficacious vaccine is considered crucial to containing the COVID‐19 pandemic. Following the publication of the genome sequence of SARS‐CoV‐2, vaccine development has accelerated at an unprecedented pace across the world. Here we review the different platforms employed to develop vaccines, the standard timelines of development and how they can be condensed in a pandemic situation. We focus on vaccine development in the UK and vaccines that have entered clinical trials around the world.
Sustainability of high flow in a Peruvian PICU: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Wang Jiayu , Jacob‐Files Elizabeth , Becerra Rosario , Mallma Gabriela , Tantaleán da Fieno José , Nielsen Katie R. 
Published: May 2020

AimTo describe nurse and physician perspectives on enabling factors that promote sustainability of high flow use in resource‐limited settings.BackgroundOver 650 000 children died from respiratory infections in 2016 globally. Many deaths could be prevented with access to advanced paediatric respiratory support, but sustainability of technology in resource‐limited settings remains challenging.IntroductionLocal providers have expertise related to site‐specific barriers to sustainability. Engaging local providers during implementation can identify strategies to promote ongoing technology use beyond initial deployment.MethodsThis qualitative descriptive study was conducted five focus groups with nineteen nurses and seven individual interviews with physicians in a Peruvian paediatric intensive care unit. Data were analysed using a realist thematic approach.ResultsProviders described five important factors for high flow sustainability: (i) Applying high flow to a broader patient population, including use outside the paediatric intensive care unit to increase opportunities for practice; (ii) Establishing a multidisciplinary approach to high flow management at all hours; (iii) Willingness of nurses and physicians to adopt standardization; (iv) Ongoing high flow leadership; (v) Transparency of high flow impact, including frequent reporting of clinical outcomes of high flow patients.DiscussionLocal providers described strategies to overcome barriers to sustainability of high flow in their clinical setting, many of which are generalizable to implementation projects in other resource‐limited settings.Conclusion and policy implicationsThese findings provide nursing, administrative leaders and policymakers with strategies to promote sustainability of new technology in resource‐limited settings, including development of guidelines for appropriate clinical use, change management support, leadership development and clinical outcome reporting procedures. Administrative support and oversight are paramount to foster successful implementation in these settings.
Transbaffle/transconduit puncture using a simple CARTO‐guided approach without echocardiography in patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Laredo Mikael , Waldmann Victor , Soulat Gilles , Amet Denis , Marijon Eloi , Iserin Laurence , Ladouceur Magalie , Zhao Alexandre 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionCatheter ablation (CA) of atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATs) in patients with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) often requires technically challenging transbaffle or transconduit puncture. The aim was to assess the feasibility and safety of transbaffle/transconduit puncture based on computed tomography (CT) three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction merged with electro‐anatomical mapping (EAM) without per‐procedure echocardiographic guidance.Methods and ResultsWe included 18 consecutive CHD patients in two centers who had atrial‐switch or Fontan surgery and underwent CA of AT by an antegrade approach requiring intracardiac puncture.Twelve patients with atrial‐switch surgery and six patients with extracardiac Fontan surgery were referred for CA of AT. Cardiac CT with 3D reconstruction was performed before the procedure. The 3D volume of the systemic venous atrium or extracardiac conduit acquired by EAM was merged with the corresponding CT 3D reconstruction. The ablation catheter was positioned at the optimal puncture site. Under fluoroscopic guidance, the needle was positioned next to the ablation and the puncture was performed. Balloon expansion of the puncture site was performed in every case of transconduit puncture and in two (17%) cases of transbaffle puncture. Overall, 17 intra‐atrial reentrant tachycarrythmias and 9 focal ATs were successfully ablated, with no acute complications. The median time to access the pulmonary atrium was 78.5 minutes (range, 55‐185) and total median fluoroscopy time was 23 minutes (range, 7‐53).ConclusionsTransbaffle and transconduit punctures can be performed safely in CHD patients by using a simple technique relying on CT 3D reconstruction and EAM.
Modeling dependence of growth inhibition of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes by oregano or thyme essential oils on the chemical composition of minced pork
Authors: Hulankova Radka , Borilova Gabriela 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effect of selected essential oils (EOs) at concentration of 1% in minced pork from five different meat cuts (loin, ham, shoulder, neck, and belly) and to assess the influence of the chemical parameters of meat on EO efficiency, determined by the decrease of pathogens in comparison to a control in samples after storage at 3°C/7 d in a vacuum. The inhibition was significant (p < .05) only in minced pork from meat cuts with a fat content lower than 5% (leg, loin and shoulder). Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium was more sensitive than Listeria monocytogenes and oregano was more effective than thyme (p < .001). The inhibition of S. Typhimurium depended mainly on the fat content (logarithmic dependence) and to a lesser degree on the pH, whereas pH was not found to be a significant predictor in the case of L. monocytogenes. The results of this study show that only lean minced meat (with a fat content max. 5%) is a suitable matrix for pathogen control by EOs.
Morphological peculiarities in the integument of enigmatic anomalurid gliders (Anomaluridae, Rodentia)
Authors: Panyutina Aleksandra A. , Chernova Olga F. , Soldatova Irina B. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractScaly‐tailed squirrels, the most poorly known group of gliding mammals, hold the record for variety of remarkable integument peculiarities. One of the most striking of these features is the scales on the tail, which apparently allow them to reduce energy costs when positioning themselves on a tree trunk. No less interesting is a peculiar spur that supports the flying membrane: the unciform element (‘spur’). Despite the peculiarity of such elements, their nature has not yet been studied. Using anatomical, histological methods and scanning electron microscopy we studied the structure of the skin and its derivatives in five of the six species from both genera of extant gliding scaly‐tailed squirrels (Anomaluridae, Rodentia): Idiurus macrotis, Idiurus zenkeri, Anomalurus beecrofti, Anomalurus pusillus and Anomalurus derbianus. In addition to the common mammalian skin structures, such as hair, vibrissae, sebaceous glands, meibomian glands of eyelids and eccrine sweat glands of the palmar and plantar pads, these animals have unique species‐specific skin derivatives (the tail scaly organ and its specific glands, vibrissae of the withers, patagium and its hair brush) that play a significant role in their adaptation to gliding and to their environment in general. The structure of the elbow spur is also described and hypotheses on its evolutionary origin from the tendon of the triceps muscle are presented.
COVID‐19 and renin‐angiotensin system inhibition: role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) ‐ Is there any scientific evidence for controversy?
Authors: Aleksova A. , Ferro F. , Gagno G. , Cappelletto C. , Santon D. , Rossi M. , Ippolito G. , Zumla A. , Beltrami A. P. , Sinagra G. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRenin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockers are extensively used worldwide to treat many cardiovascular disorders, where they are effective in reducing both mortality and morbidity. These drugs are known to induce an increased expression of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 acts as receptor for the novel SARS coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) which raising the important issue of possible detrimental effects that RAS blockers could exert on the natural history and pathogenesis of the coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) and associated excessive inflammation, myocarditis and cardiac arrhythmias. We review the current knowledge on the interaction between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and RAS blockers and suggest a scientific rationale for continuing RAS blockers therapy in patients with COVID‐19 infection.
COVID‐19 and maternal and child food and nutrition insecurity: a complex syndemic
Authors: Pérez‐Escamilla Rafael , Cunningham Kenda , Moran Victoria Hall 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGlobally, the COVID‐19 pandemic has already led to major increases in unemployment and is expected to lead to unprecedented increases in poverty and food and nutrition insecurity, as well as poor health outcomes. Families where young children, youth, pregnant and lactating women live need to be protected against the ongoing protracted pandemic and the aftershocks that are very likely to follow for years to come. The future wellbeing of the vast majority of the world now depends on reconfiguring the current ineffective food, nutrition, health, and social protection systems to ensure food and nutrition security for all. Because food, nutrition, health, and socio‐economic outcomes are intimately inter‐linked, it is essential that we find out how to effectively address the need to reconfigure and to provide better intersecoral coordination among global and local food, health care, and social protection systems taking equity and sutainability principles into account. Implementation science research informed by complex adaptive sytems frameworks will be needed to fill in the major knowledge gaps. Not doing so will not only put the development of individuals at further risk, but also negatively impact on the development potential of entire nations and ultimately our planet.
Dynamic origin‐destination flow estimation using automatic vehicle identification data: A 3D convolutional neural network approach
Authors: Tang Keshuang , Cao Yumin , Chen Can , Yao Jiarong , Tan Chaopeng , Sun Jian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDynamic origin‐destination (OD) flow estimation is one of the most fundamental problems in traffic engineering. Despite numerous existing studies, the OD flow estimation problem remains challenging, as there is large dimensional difference between the unknown values to be estimated and the known traffic observations. To meet the needs of active traffic management and control, accurate time‐dependent OD flows are required to understand time‐of‐day traffic flow patterns. In this work, we propose a three‐dimensional (3D) convolution‐based deep neural network, “Res3D,” to learn the high‐dimensional correlations between local traffic patterns presented by automatic vehicle identification observations and OD flows. In this paper, a practical framework combining simulation‐based model training and few‐shot transfer learning is introduced to enhance the applicability of the proposed model, as continuously observing OD flows could be expensive. The proposed model is extensively tested based on a realistic road network, and the results show that for significant OD flows, the relative errors are stable around 5%, outperforming several other models, including prevalent neural networks as well as existing estimation models. Meanwhile, corrupted and out‐of‐distribution samples are generated as real‐world samples to validate Res3D's transferability, and the results indicated a 60% improvement with few‐shot transfer learning. Therefore, this proposed framework could help to bridge the gaps between traffic simulations and empirical cases.
Inhibition of Escherichia coli chromosome replication by rifampicin treatment or during the stringent response is overcome by de novo DnaA protein synthesis
Authors: Riber Leise , Løbner‐Olesen Anders 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInitiation of Escherichia coli chromosome replication is controlled by the DnaA initiator protein. Both rifampicin‐mediated inhibition of transcription and ppGpp‐induced changes in global transcription stops replication at the level of initiation. Here, we show that continued DnaA protein synthesis allows for replication initiation both during the rifampicin treatment and during the stringent response when the ppGpp level is high. A reduction in or cessation of de novo DnaA synthesis, therefore, causes the initiation arrest in both cases. In accordance with this, inhibition of translation with chloramphenicol also stops initiations. The initiation arrest caused by rifampicin was faster than that caused by chloramphenicol, despite of the latter inhibiting DnaA accumulation immediately. During chloramphenicol treatment transcription is still ongoing and we suggest that transcriptional events in or near the origin, that is, transcriptional activation, can allow for a few extra initiations when DnaA becomes limiting. We suggest, for both rifampicin treated cells and for cells accumulating ppGpp, that a turn‐off of initiation from oriC requires a stop in de novo DnaA synthesis and that an additional lack of transcriptional activation enhances this process, that is, leads to a faster initiation stop.