bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outstanding Oxygen Reduction Kinetics of La0.6Sr0.4FeO3−δ Surfaces Decorated with Platinum Nanoparticles
Authors: Riedl Christoph , Schmid Alexander , Nenning Andreas , Summerer Harald , Smetaczek Stefan , Schwarz Sabine , Bernardi Johannes , Optiz Alexander , Limbeck Andreas , Fleig Juergen 
Published: June 2020

La0.6Sr0.4FeO3−δ
(LSF64) thin films are prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on yttria stabilized zirconia single crystals (YSZ) and characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements before and after decoration with platinum nanoparticles. The platinum on the surface of LSF64 strongly accelerates the oxygen surface exchange kinetics. Especially at low oxygen partial pressures, the area-specific resistance (ASR) decreases by almost two orders of magnitude (e.g. in 0.25 mbar pO2 from 125 Ωcm2 to ca. 2 Ωcm2 at 600 °C). While the pure LSF64 films exhibit severe degradation of the polarization resistance, Pt decorated films degrade much slower and show less scatter between individual samples. Surprisingly, faster oxygen incorporation (=lower polarization resistance) results for lower oxygen partial pressures, which indicates a severe mechanism change compared to undecorated LSF64 surfaces. The obtained results thus also reveal valuable information on the rate-determining step of oxygen exchange on LSF64 surfaces with and without platinum. On undecorated LSF64 surfaces oxygen dissociation is suggested to be rate limiting, while the Pt particles on LSF64 enable fast oxygen dissociation. Consequently, on Pt-decorated LSF64 electrodes a kind of job sharing mechanism results, with oxygen dissociation taking place on Pt and oxide ion formation and incorporation proceeding on the oxide.
HDAC10 Regulates Cancer Stem-Like Cell Properties in KRAS-Driven Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Yixuan , Zhang Xiangyang , Zhu Shaoqi , Dejene Eden A. , Peng Weiqun , Sepulveda Antonia , Seto Edward 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Activation of oncogenic KRAS is the most common driving event in lung adenocarcinoma development. Despite the existing rationale for targeting activated KRAS and its downstream effectors, the failure of clinical trials to date indicates that the mechanism of KRAS-driven malignancy remains poorly understood. Here we report that histone deacetylase 10 (HDAC10) might function as a putative tumor suppressor in mice carrying a spontaneously activated oncogenic Kras allele. Hdac10 deletion accelerated KRAS-driven early-onset lung adenocarcinomas, increased macrophage infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, and shortened survival time in mice. Highly tumorigenic and stem-like lung adenocarcinoma cells were increased in Hdac10-deleted tumors compared with Hdac10 wild-type tumors. HDAC10 regulated the stem-like properties of KRAS-expressing tumor cells by targeting SOX9. Expression of SOX9 was significantly increased in Hdac10-deleted tumor cells and depletion of SOX9 in Hdac10 knockout (KO) lung adenocarcinoma cells inhibited growth of tumorspheres. The genes associated with TGFβ pathway were enriched in Hdac10 KO tumor cells, and activation of TGFβ signaling contributed to SOX9 induction in Hdac10 KO lung adenocarcinoma cells. Overall, our study evaluates the functions and mechanisms of action of HDAC10 in lung carcinogenesis that will inform the rationale for targeting its related regulatory signaling as an anticancer strategy.

Significance:
These findings linking HDAC10 and lung tumorigenesis identify potential novel strategies for targeting HDAC10 as a treatment for lung cancer.
Comprehensive Analysis of Radiomic Datasets by RadAR
Authors: Benelli Matteo , Barucci Andrea , Zoppetti Nicola , Calusi Silvia , Redapi Laura , Della Gala Giuseppe , Piffer Stefano , Bernardi Luca , Fusi Franco , Pallotta Stefania 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Quantitative analysis of biomedical images, referred to as radiomics, is emerging as a promising approach to facilitate clinical decisions and improve patient stratification. The typical radiomic workflow includes image acquisition, segmentation, feature extraction, and analysis of high-dimensional datasets. While procedures for primary radiomic analyses have been established in recent years, processing the resulting radiomic datasets remains a challenge due to the lack of specific tools for doing so. Here we present RadAR (Radiomics Analysis with R), a new software to perform comprehensive analysis of radiomic features. RadAR allows users to process radiomic datasets in their entirety, from data import to feature processing and visualization, and implements multiple statistical methods for analysis of these data. We used RadAR to analyze the radiomic profiles of more than 850 patients with cancer from publicly available datasets and showed that it was able to recapitulate expected results. These results demonstrate RadAR as a reliable and valuable tool for the radiomics community.

Significance:
A new computational tool performs comprehensive analysis of high-dimensional radiomic datasets, recapitulating expected results in the analysis of radiomic profiles of &gt;850 patients with cancer from independent datasets.
TAp63–miRNA–AURKA Axis as a Therapeutic Target for Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Parrales Alejandro , Iwakuma Tomoo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Despite increasing incidence rates, prognosis of invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma remains poor, mainly due to lack of reliable molecular markers that can be used for targeted therapy. Through genetic and proteogenomic analyses, Davis and colleagues in this issue of Cancer Research define TAp63 and its downstream target miRNAs, miR-30c-2*, and miR-497 as major players that can suppress progression and metastasis of mouse and human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Mimics of miR-30c-2* or miR-497, as well as pharmacologic inhibition of AURKA, a miR-497 target, suppress tumor growth in xenograft mouse models, proposing the TAp63–miR-30c-2*/miR-497–AURKA axis as a potential therapeutic target.
See related article by Davis et al., p. 2484
A Frameshift Peptide Neoantigen-Based Vaccine for Mismatch Repair-Deficient Cancers: A Phase I/IIa Clinical Trial
Authors: Kloor Matthias , Reuschenbach Miriam , Pauligk Claudia , Karbach Julia , Rafiyan Mohammad-Reza , Al-Batran Salah-Eddin , Tariverdian Mirjam , Jäger Elke , von Knebel Doeberitz Magnus 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurpose:DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency is a hallmark of Lynch syndrome, the most common inherited cancer syndrome. MMR-deficient cancer cells accumulate numerous insertion/deletion mutations at microsatellites. Mutations of coding microsatellites (cMS) lead to the generation of immunogenic frameshift peptide (FSP) neoantigens. As the evolution of MMR-deficient cancers is triggered by mutations inactivating defined cMS-containing tumor suppressor genes, distinct FSP neoantigens are shared by most MMR-deficient cancers. To evaluate safety and immunogenicity of an FSP-based vaccine, we performed a clinical phase I/IIa trial (Micoryx).Patients and Methods:The trial comprised three cycles of four subcutaneous vaccinations (FSP neoantigens derived from mutant AIM2, HT001, TAF1B genes) mixed with Montanide ISA-51 VG over 6 months. Inclusion criteria were history of MMR-deficient colorectal cancer (UICC stage III or IV) and completion of chemotherapy. Phase I evaluated safety and toxicity as primary endpoint (six patients), phase IIa addressed cellular and humoral immune responses (16 patients).Results:Vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses were observed in all patients vaccinated per protocol. Three patients developed grade 2 local injection site reactions. No vaccination-induced severe adverse events occurred. One heavily pretreated patient with bulky metastases showed stable disease and stable CEA levels over 7 months.Conclusions:FSP neoantigen vaccination is systemically well tolerated and consistently induces humoral and cellular immune responses, thus representing a promising novel approach for treatment and even prevention of MMR-deficient cancer.
Clinicopathological Bird’s-Eye View of Left Atrial Myocardial Fibrosis in 121 Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Callegari Sergio , Macchi Emilio , Monaco Rodolfo , Magnani Luca , Tafuni Alessandro , Croci Stefania , Nicastro Maria , Garrapa Valentina , Banchini Antonio , Becchi Gabriella , Corradini Emilia , Goldoni Matteo , Rocchio Francesca , Sala Roberto , Benussi Stefano , Ferrara David , Alfieri Ottavio , Corradi Domenico 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Scientific research on atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation (AF) has mainly focused on quantitative or molecular features. The purpose of this study was to perform a clinicoarchitectural/structural investigation of fibrosis to provide one key to understanding the electrophysiological/clinical aspects of AF.

Methods:
We characterized the fibrosis (amount, architecture, cellular components, and ultrastructure) in left atrial biopsies from 121 patients with persistent/long-lasting persistent AF (group 1; 59 males; 60±11 years; 91 mitral disease–related AF, 30 nonmitral disease–related AF) and from 39 patients in sinus rhythm with mitral valve regurgitation (group 2; 32 males; 59±12 years). Ten autopsy hearts served as controls.

Results:

Qualitatively, the fibrosis exhibited the same characteristics in all cases and displayed particular architectural scenarios (which we arbitrarily subdivided into 4 stages) ranging from isolated foci to confluent sclerotic areas. The percentage of fibrosis was larger and at a more advanced stage in group 1 versus group 2 and, within group 1, in patients with rheumatic disease versus nonrheumatic cases. In patients with AF with mitral disease and no rheumatic disease, the percentage of fibrosis and the fibrosis stages correlated with both left atrial volume index and AF duration. The fibrotic areas mainly consisted of type I collagen with only a minor cellular component (especially fibroblasts/myofibroblasts; average value range 69–150 cells/mm
2
, depending on the areas in AF biopsies). A few fibrocytes—circulating and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells—were also detectable. The fibrosis-entrapped cardiomyocytes showed sarcolemmal damage and connexin 43 redistribution/internalization.

Conclusions:
Atrial fibrosis is an evolving and inhomogeneous histological/architectural change that progresses through different stages ranging from isolated foci to confluent sclerotic zones which—seemingly—constrain impulse conduction across restricted regions of electrotonically coupled cardiomyocytes. The fibrotic areas mainly consist of type I collagen extracellular matrix and, only to a lesser extent, mesenchymal cells.
Clinical Outcomes and Characteristics With Dofetilide in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Considered for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
Authors: Koene Ryan J. , Menon Vivek , Cantillon Daniel J. , Dresing Thomas J. , Martin David O. , Kanj Mohamed , Saliba Walid I. , Tarakji Khaldoun G. , Baranowski Bryan , Hussein Ayman A. , Tchou Patrick J. , Bhargava Mandeep , Callahan Thomas D. , Rickard John W. , Niebauer Mark J. , Chung Mina K. , Varma Niraj , Wilkoff Bruce L. , Lindsay Bruce D. , Wazni Oussama M. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Dofetilide is one of the only anti-arrhythmic agents approved for atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, postapproval data and safety outcomes are limited. In this study, we assessed the incidence and predictors of LVEF improvement, safety, and outcomes in patients with AF with LVEF ≤35% without prior implantable cardioverter defibrillator, cardiac resynchronization therapy, or AF ablation.

Methods:
An analysis of 168 consecutive patients from 2007 to 2016 was performed. Incidences of adverse events, drug continuation, implantable cardioverter defibrillator and cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation, LVEF improvement (>35%) and recovery (≥50%), AF recurrence, and AF ablation were determined. Multivariable regression analysis to identify predictors of LVEF improvement/recovery was performed.

Results:

The mean age was 64±12 years. Dofetilide was discontinued before hospital discharge in 46 (27%) because of QT prolongation (14%), torsades de pointe or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation (6% [sustained 3%, nonsustained 3%]), ineffectiveness (5%), or other causes (3%). At 1 year, 43% remained on dofetilide. Freedom from AF was 42% at 1 year, and 40% underwent future AF ablation. LVEF recovered (≥50%) in 45% and improved to >35% in 73%. Predictors of LVEF improvement included presence of AF during echocardiogram (odds ratio, 4.22 [95% CI, 1.71–10.4],
P
=0.002), coronary artery disease (odds ratio, 0.35 [95% CI, 0.16–0.79],
P
=0.01), left atrial diameter (odds ratio, 0.52 per 1 cm increase [95% CI, 0.30–0.90],
P
=0.01), and LVEF (odds ratio, per 1% increase, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.02–1.16],
P
=0.006). The C statistic was 0.78.

Conclusions:
In patients with LVEF ≤35%, who are potential implantable cardioverter defibrillator candidates, treated with dofetilide as an initial anti-arrhythmic strategy for AF, drug discontinuation rates were high, and many underwent future AF ablation. However, most patients had improvement in LVEF, obviating the need for primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator.
Prospective Assessment of an Automated Intraprocedural 12-Lead ECG-Based System for Localization of Early Left Ventricular Activation
Authors: Zhou Shijie , AbdelWahab Amir , Horáček B. Milan , MacInnis Paul J. , Warren James W. , Davis Jason S. , Elsokkari Ihab , Lee David C. , MacIntyre Ciorsti J. , Parkash Ratika , Gray Chris J. , Gardner Martin J. , Marcoux Curtis , Choudhury Rajin , Trayanova Natalia A. , Sapp John L. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
To facilitate ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT), an automated localization system to identify the site of origin of left ventricular activation in real time using the 12-lead ECG was developed. The objective of this study was to prospectively assess its accuracy.

Methods:
The automated site of origin localization system consists of 3 steps: (1) localization of ventricular segment based on population templates, (2) population-based localization within a segment, and (3) patient-specific site localization. Localization error was assessed by the distance between the known reference site and the estimated site.

Results:
In 19 patients undergoing 21 catheter ablation procedures of scar-related VT, site of origin localization accuracy was estimated using 552 left ventricular endocardial pacing sites pooled together and 25 VT-exit sites identified by contact mapping. For the 25 VT-exit sites, localization error of the population-based localization steps was within 10 mm. Patient-specific site localization achieved accuracy of within 3.5 mm after including up to 11 pacing (training) sites. Using 3 remotes (67.8±17.0 mm from the reference VT-exit site), and then 5 close pacing sites, resulted in localization error of 7.2±4.1 mm for the 25 identified VT-exit sites. In 2 emulated clinical procedure with 2 induced VTs, the site of origin localization system achieved accuracy within 4 mm.

Conclusions:
In this prospective validation study, the automated localization system achieved estimated accuracy within 10 mm and could thus provide clinical utility.
Endoscopic Trans-Lateral Molar Approach to Infratemporal Fossa Lesions
Authors: Li Dan-feng , Shi Li , Wang Jian , Yue Bo , Ding Zhong-jia , Chen Fu-quan 
Published: June 2020

Background: To study the endoscopic trans-lateral molar (ETLM) approach to infratemporal fossa (ITF) lesions and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this method. Methods: Four cases of ITF lesions were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical features, diagnosis and treatments, the operative process, and clinical applications of this surgical approach were discussed. Results: Postoperative pathologies were 2 pleomorphic adenomas, 1 schwannoma, and 1 inflammatory lesion. All patients had self-resolving cheek swelling and pharyngalgia in the short term, but 2 patients had numbness in the long term. There was no infection or bleeding in the postoperative period, and no difficulty in chewing after disease recovery. There was no tumor recurrence during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The ETLM approach is convenient, minimally invasive, and allows complete excision of benign ITF lesions, posterior to the lateral pterygoid muscle and mainly below the level of the hard palate. It is a simple and direct access to the ITF, but it is a narrow access because of the limitations of bones and soft tissues. Appropriate patient selection is mandatory for successful surgery.
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Self-Rated Health and Sense of Control for Older Adults Receiving Publicly Funded Home- and Community-Based Services
Authors: Shippee Tetyana P. , Duan Yinfei , Olsen Baker Mary , Angert Julie 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: This study examines racial/ethnic differences in self-rated health (SRH) and sense of control among older adults receiving publicly funded home- and community-based services (HCBS) and tests the mediating role of functional, emotional, and financial stressors. Methods: Data are from 2015 National Core Indicators—Aging and Disability Survey collected from face-to-face interviews with 1936 older adults aged 65 years or older receiving HCBS in Minnesota. Path analysis based on logistic regression was used. Results: Racial/ethnic minority HCBS users had lower SRH and sense of control than white participants, with Asian participants reporting the lowest scores. Whereas functional impairment was a common explanatory factor for the racial/ethnic differences, negative mood and financial strain were mediators for Asian and Hispanic/Latino participants, respectively. Discussion: Racial/ethnic disparities in well-being exist among older HCBS users, with different mediators at play. Customized services are needed to meet diverse needs of older adults of different racial/ethnic groups.
The comparison of PECARN, CATCH, AND CHALICE criteria in children under the age of 18 years with minor head trauma in emergency department
Authors: Gizli Gizem , Durak Vahide Aslihan , Koksal Ozlem 
Published: June 2020

Introduction:Minor head traumas constitute a significant part of childhood injuries. The incidence of intracranial pathologies in children with minor head trauma varies in the range of 3%–5%, but it is higher among younger infants. The criteria of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network, Canadian Assessment of Tomography for Childhood Head Injury, and Children's Head Injury Algorithm for the Prediction of Important Clinical Events are the most frequently accepted clinical decision‐making criteria that were developed for selective computerized tomography requests. This study was conducted to assess the diagnostic performances of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network, Canadian Assessment of Tomography for Childhood Head Injury, and Children's Head Injury Algorithm for the Prediction of Important Clinical Events criteria in Turkish society, determine their validity, and find the most suitable algorithm for cranial imaging in children with minor head trauma.Methods:This study retrospectively examined the data of patients under the age of 18 years who were admitted to the Emergency Medicine Department of Uludağ University Medical Faculty due to minor head trauma; 530 patients were included as they complied with the criteria. The exclusion criteria were being any trauma patients above the age of 18 years, Glasgow Coma Scale <13, pregnant patients, hemorrhagic diathesis, using anticoagulants, patients with penetrant trauma, patients with priorly known brain tumor, and patients with neurological diseases. The patients were divided into group based on the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network, Canadian Assessment of Tomography for Childhood Head Injury, and Children's Head Injury Algorithm for the Prediction of Important Clinical Events Criteria.Results:Among all patients, 37.40% were female and 62.60% were male. Abnormal computed tomography findings such as epidural bleeding, subdural bleeding, and skull fractures were detected in 44 of the patients. The sensitivity of the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network criteria was 72.4%, the specificity was 54.5%, the sensitivity of the Canadian Assessment of Tomography for Childhood Head Injury criteria was 57.8%, the specificity was 50%, the sensitivity of the Children's Head Injury Algorithm for the Prediction of Important Clinical Events criteria was 87.7%, and the specificity was 20%.Conclusion:Given the populations to which the rules apply, it is understood that the Children's Head Injury Algorithm for the Prediction of Important Clinical Events criteria is more determinative in detecting pathological computed tomography outcomes compared to Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network and Canadian Assessment of Tomography for Childhood Head Injury.
Discharge to inpatient care facilities following hip fracture surgery: incidence, risk factors, and 30-day post-discharge outcomes
Authors: Malik Azeem Tariq , Jain Nikhil , Frantz Travis L , Quatman Carmen E , Phieffer Laura S , Ly Thuan V , Khan Safdar N 
Published: June 2020

Background: Discharge to an inpatient care facility (skilled-care or rehabilitation) has been shown to be associated with adverse outcomes following elective total joint arthroplasties. Current evidence with regard to hip fracture surgeries remains limited. Methods: The 2015–2016 ACS-NSQIP database was used to query for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty and open reduction internal fixation for hip fractures. A total of 15,655 patients undergoing hip fracture surgery were retrieved from the database. Inpatient facility discharge included discharges to skilled-care facilities and inpatient rehabilitation units. Multi-variate regression analysis was used to assess for differences in 30-day post-discharge outcomes between home-discharge versus inpatient care facility discharge, while adjusting for baseline differences between the 2 study populations. Results: A total of 12,568 (80.3%) patients were discharged to an inpatient care facility. Discharge to an inpatient care facility was associated with higher odds of any complication (OR 2.03 [95% CI, 1.61–2.55]; p < 0.001), wound complications (OR 1.79 [95% CI, 1.10–2.91]; p = 0.019), cardiac complications (OR 4.49 [95% CI, 1.40–14.40]; p = 0.012), respiratory complication (OR 2.29 [95% CI, 1.39–3.77]; p = 0.001), stroke (OR 7.67 [95% CI, 1.05–56.29]; p = 0.045, urinary tract infections (OR 2.30 [95% CI, 1.52–3.48]; p < 0.001), unplanned re-operations (OR 1.37 [95% CI, 1.03–1.82]; p = 0.029) and readmissions (OR 1.38 [95% CI, 1.16–1.63]; p < 0.001) following discharge. Conclusion: Discharge to inpatient care facilities versus home following hip fracture surgery is associated with higher odds of post-discharge complications, re-operations and readmissions. These results stress the importance of careful patient selection prior to discharge to inpatient care facilities to minimise the risk of complications.