bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservation analysis and screening of Ayurvedic compounds against SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein
Authors: Basharat Zarrin , Jahanzaib Muhammad , Rahman Noor , Khan Ishtiaq Ahmad , Yasmin Azra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recent infections caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have led to global panic and mortality. Here, we analyzed the spike (S) protein of this virus using bioinformatics tools. We aimed to determine relative changes among different coronavirus species over the past two decades and to understand the conservation of the S-protein. Representative sequences of coronaviruses were collected from humans and other animals between 2000 and 2020. Evolutionary analyses found that the S-protein did not evolve overnight, but rather continuously over time. Post-translational modification (PTM) analysis using online tools and virtual screening of S-protein against a phytochemical database of Ayurvedic medicinal compounds (n = 2103) identified the S-protein inhibitors. Among these, top ranked were Gingerol (IUPAC name: 4'-Me ether, 3,5-di-Ac 3,5-di-Gingerdiols), 1-(5-Butyltetrahydro-2-furanyl)-2-hexacosanone and Ginsenoyne N ginseng that stimulates Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and the immune system. Gingerol is found in the fresh ginger and has reputation of being a potent antiviral. These compounds might prove useful to design drugs against COVID-19.
Sustainability indices and risk analysis of drinking water systems in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Odjegba Enovwo , Oluwasanya Grace , Idowu Olufemi , Shittu Olufunke , Brion Gail 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study focused on designing a drinking water systems sustainability index for Integrated Water Resources Management in low-income countries. Water Supply Systems Sustainability Index (WSSI), a field assessment tool, was designed for rapid appraisal of drinking water systems in selected urban, peri-urban and rural Nigerian communities. The systems were classified into Highly Sustainable, Sustainable, Averagely Sustainable, and Unsustainable WSSI categories. Sanitary Risk Score (SRS) was assigned, classifying drinking water systems into Very High, High, Intermediate (Medium) and Low-Risk categories. WSSI results revealed that for urban systems, 90 are Highly Sustainable, 27 are Sustainable and 12 are Averagely Sustainable. For peri-urban systems, 13 are Highly Sustainable, 7 Sustainable and 1 Averagely Sustainable. Only urban hand-dug wells are in the Very High-Risk category. Public water supplies occurred only in the Low-Risk (17) and Intermediate-Risk (6) categories. Urban and rural boreholes had better quality than peri-urban boreholes. WSSI and SRS correlation result indicated strong positive correlation for urban hand-dug wells' (R2 = 0.5688, at p &lt; 0.05) and weak positive correlation between peri-urban hand-dug wells' (R2 = 0.1847, at p &lt; 0.05) and urban boreholes' WSSI and SRS (R2 = 0.2032, at p &lt; 0.05). Findings showed that drinking water systems are, generally, sustainable and WSSI could be incorporated into community-level water supply assessment.
Fabrication of diverse carbon forms and their reversed applications in hexane/water separation
Authors: Xie Rujia , Fang Zhenxing , Yan Jiefeng , Wang Wei , Cao Xuan , Qiu Xiaoyang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Melamine foam is an important material in production and life. A series of porous carbon foams were obtained through a simple carbonization process of melamine foam at different temperatures. The carbon foams obtained at the carbonization temperature of 400 and 600 °C reveal a hydrophobic and even super-hydrophobic property (water contact angle larger than 150°) with a hexane adsorption much larger than that of melamine foam. However, the carbon foam obtained at the carbonization temperature of 800 °C reveals a super-hydrophilic property (water contact angle smaller than 5°) due to its severest shrinkage during the carbonization process. Interestingly, this series of carbon foams have an excellent performance in oil adsorption. However, the carbon membranes derived from the 800 °C carbon foam reveals oleophobicity under water (the adsorbed water at the surface was extremely important), which allows the penetration of water and blocks the infiltration of hexane at the same time. These different carbon forms have reversed applications in hexane/water separation.
Scientometric Analysis of Global Research on Trichomoniasis in Scopus Database (1922 -2018)
Authors: Keighobadi Masoud , Hezarjaribi Hajar Ziaei , Khasseh Ali Akbar , Soosaraei Masoud , Asadi Samira , Fakhar Mahdi 
Published: August 2020

Background::
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevalent in different
parts of the world. The present study was designed to evaluate the scientific output and collaboration
of researchers worldwide on trichomoniasis.

Methods:
In the present scientometric research, all papers conducted on Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) published in
the time period of 1922 to 2018 were extracted from the Scopus database and evaluated according to the aims of the research, using scientometric software.

Results:
The results of this search strategy were the retrieval of 12,596 scientific papers authored
by a total of 28,822 people during 97 years (1922-2018). Research in this field has encountered success
and failure over the years. The first article on trichomoniasis at the Scopus database was published
by Musgrave W.E. (1922) in the “Journal of the American Medical Association”. Most papers
on this subject (352) were published in 2013; and the years 2017 and 2016 are ranked second
and third. Researchers from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have the highest
number of papers in this field (210). Alderete J.F. with 111 papers is the most active researcher on
trichomoniasis in Scopus. Also, researchers from the US ranked the first with 3,236 papers. In Iran,
by the end of 2018, 138 papers on trichomoniasis have been registered in Scopus, which accounts
for only one percent of the world's science production in this field.

Discussion and conclusion:
The results following about one century indicated that the number of
publications on T. vaginalis is growing and that there is a high level of collaboration among researchers
in this field. Moreover, many countries have collaborated internationally on trichomoniasis
research with the US as the leading country.
Drying of Banana-Stepwise Effect in Drying Air Temperature on Drying Kinetics
Authors: Mehta Jigesh , Panwar Deepak Singh , Ghardesia Smit , Chauhan Atik , Atodariya Virajsinh V. , Banerjee Bannishikha , Metre Anand , Bhakhar Mathurkumar S 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
Three Different varieties of Banana namely Dwarf Cavendish (Ankleshwar region), Lacatan (Valia region) and Harichal (Bharuch region) were collected from the south Gujarat region, India to check the drying parameters. A pilot scale natural draft tray dryer was used for the drying experimental work.

Methods:
The performance of all the varieties of banana were verified with and without blanching operation. Change in colour, texture, shrinkage and appearance were studied. Blanching has a remarkable effect on the appearance and shrinkage of the banana samples.

Results:
On the other side, temperature does not show any countable effect on the shrinkage. For the Lacatan and Harichal banana samples, observed shrinkage was found to be very less at 60 º C and 70 º C while for Dwarf Cavendish sample, shrinkage was found more effective at all varying temperature ranges.

Conclusion:
Appearance, Colour and Texture of Dwarf Cavendish and Harichal were found to be significant at 70 º C and 80 º C while for Lacatan, no such acceptable changes were observed. Overall, blanching was found to be effective in improving the appearance and colour of all varieties of banana.
Reliability Assessment of the Clinical and Radiographic Diagnosis of Furcation Involvement
Authors: Farook Fathima Fazrina , Alnasyan Bothinah , Almohammadi Duaa , Alshahrani Amjad , Alyami Meral , Alharbi Rasha , Alodwene Hussah , Aboelmaaty Wael 
Published: August 2020

Aim:
The aim of the present study was to compare and assess the relationship and agreement between the clinical and radiographic detection of Furcation Involvement (FI) in the mandibular molars of patients with periodontitis.

Materials and Methods:
The sample size included 360 molars from 283 participants with a total of 180 molars involved with furcation clinically and 180 without. The inclusion criteria involved records of patients in the age range 35-76 years, diagnosed with generalized periodontitis, Stage II to IV, Grade B and C, and existing periapical radiographs/dental panoramic radiographs. The periodontal charts (Hamp’s classification) and radiographs were used to evaluate furcation on the buccal and lingual sites of first and second mandibular molars.

Results:
Of the 360 molars, half of the molars (50%, n=180) had clinical FI. Of the clinical FI group, the majority (73%, n=131) demonstrated FI in the radiological assessment with the periapical radiographs. In the not-clinically detected FI group, just less than half (49%, n=89) demonstrated FI in the radiological assessment. The sensitivity of the radiographic detection of FI as a diagnostic marker was 50.6%, and the specificity was 72.8%. Of the 180 sites analyzed with FI clinically, a slight agreement was found between the clinical assessment and radiographic findings using the kappa analysis (k=0.18). The first mandibular molars showed a fair agreement (k= 0.21) compared to the second mandibular molars (k=0.15). In terms of the individual sites, the lingual sites (k=0.24) had a fair agreement compared to the buccal sites with a slight agreement. The Spearman Correlation analysis for the first mandibular molar showed a moderate positive correlation (r=0.4, p<0.001) compared to the second mandibular molar with no or negligible relationship (r=0.19, p<0.001). Comparatively, the DPT radiograph showed a weak correlation and poor agreement.

Conclusion:
Both diagnostic tools, intraoral radiography and clinical assessment should be used for diagnosing FI in mandibular molars.
Phenolic and Organic Acids from Spondias pinnata Fruits
Authors: Gao Rongrong , O Thaung Naing , Yang Xuefei , Lu Chunhua 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Spondias pinnata (L. F.) Kurz is a well-known medicinal and edible plant
indigenous to Southeast Asian countries. Although previous studies suggested that the high content
of total phenolics in S. pinnata fruits leads to their antioxidant activity, there is no systematic study
on its chemical constituents.

Aim:
To investigate chemical constituents of S. pinnata fruit extract, which will benefit to the utilization
of S. pinnata fruit as an ingredient of functional food and medicines and will be helpful for
quality control.

Methods:
The EtOAc extract of S. pinnata fruit was separated and purified by Sephadex LH-20,
medium preparative liquid chromatography and silica gel column chromatography. And the structures
of compounds 1-14 were elucidated on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR and ESIMS experiments.

Results:
Five caffeoylquinic acid derivatives (1 - 5), three coumarin derivatives (6 - 8), two
flavonoid glucosides (9 and 10), three organic acids (11 - 13) and one aromatic glycoside (14) were
identified from the fruit extracts. 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester (1) was the major constituent,
and the quantitative determination established by HPLC analysis of 1 was 258 mg/kg dry
weight fruits.

Conclusion:
S. pinnata fruit could provide various groups of compounds and the quantification of
1 will be helpful for quality control of S. pinnata.
Designing an Information and Communications Technology Tool With and for Victims of Violence and Their Case Managers in San Francisco: Human-Centered Design Study
Authors: Patel Devika , Sarlati Siavash , Martin-Tuite Patrick , Feler Joshua , Chehab Lara , Texada Michael , Marquez Ruben , Orellana F Julia , Henderson Terrell L , Nwabuo Adaobi , Plevin Rebecca , Dicker Rochelle Ami , Juillard Catherine , Sammann Amanda 
Published: August 2020

Background
Violence is a public health problem. Hospital-based violence intervention programs such as the San Francisco Wraparound Project (WAP) have been shown to reduce future violent injury. The WAP model employs culturally competent case managers who recruit and enroll violently injured patients as clients. Client acceptance of the WAP intervention is variable, and program success depends on streamlined, timely communication and access to resources. High rates of smartphone usage in populations who are at risk for violent reinjury create an opportunity to design a tailored information and communications technology (ICT) tool to support hospital-based violence intervention programs.

Objective
Current evidence shows that ICT tools developed in the health care space may not be successful in engaging vulnerable populations. The goal of this study was to use human-centered design methodology to identify the unique communication needs of the clients and case managers at WAP to design a mobile ICT.

Methods
We conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with users: clients, their friends and families, case managers, and other stakeholders in violence intervention and prevention. We used a human-centered design and general inductive approach to thematic analysis to identify themes in the qualitative data, which were extrapolated to insight statements and then reframed into design opportunities. Wireframes of potential mobile ICT app screens were developed to depict these opportunities.

Results
Thematic analysis revealed four main insights that were characterized by the opposing needs of our users. (1) A successful relationship is both professional and personal. Clients need this around the clock, but case managers can only support this while on the clock. (2) Communications need to feel personal, but they do not always need to be personalized. (3) Healing is a journey of skill development and lifestyle changes that must be acknowledged, monitored, and rewarded. (4) Social networks need to provide peer support for healing rather than peer pressure to propagate violence. These insights resulted in the following associated design opportunities: (1) Maximize personal connection while controlling access, (2) allow case managers to personalize automated client interactions, (3) hold clients accountable to progress and reward achievements, and (4) build a connected, yet confidential community.

Conclusions
Human-centered design enabled us to identify unique insights and design opportunities that may inform the design of a novel and tailored mobile ICT tool for the WAP community.
JEJAK DIASPORA DAN NARASI KEHIDUPAN PICTURE BRIDES DALAM NOVEL THE BUDDHA IN THE ATTIC KARYA JULIE OTSUKA
Authors: Mianani Sindhy Sintya 
Published: August 2020

Amerika Serikat yang dikenal sebagai negeri para imigran telah menarik jutaan imigran yang bermimpi untuk memiliki masa depan cerah ke pesisir negaranya. Sebagai negeri para imigran, pengalaman diaspora para imigran di Amerika sejatinya merupakan topik yang telah banyak dieksplorasi dalam dunia kesusastraan. Akan tetapi, sedikit sekali yang berbicara mengenai diaspora warga Jepang di Amerika. Sebagai sebuah awalan, studi ini menguraikan pengalaman diaspora para perempuan Jepang yang mengadu nasib di daratan Amerika sebagai picture brides dalam novel The Buddha in the Attic karya Julie Otsuka. Tidak hanya berbicara mengenai kehidupan picture brides di Amerika, The Buddha in the Attic juga menceritakan pengalaman imigran Jepang pada masa Perang Dunia II yang berujung pada kamp-kamp konsentrasi. Untuk menguraikan permasalahan tersebut, studi ini menerapkan teori Historical Poetics yang diprakarsai oleh Alan Swingewood untuk memperoleh hasil analisis yang rigid. Dikemas dengan subjek orang pertama jamak (first person plural), Julie Otsuka menciptakan sebuah narasi tentang kehidupan para picture brides dan imigran Jepang secara kolektif. Tindakan yang dilakukan sang penulis ini, disinyalir sebagai bentuk post-memory-nya sebagai generasi ketiga imigran Jepang (sansei) di Amerika. Kata kunci: diaspora, narasi, historical poetics, picture brides, post-memory United States of America which is acknowledged as the land of immigrants has lured millions of those who seek for a bright future to its coast. As the land of immigrants, diaporic phenomenon in America has been explored extensively in literary world. However, a very few number has yet to conduct a study on Japanese diasporic phenomenon in America. To begin with, this study attempts to describe the diaporic phenomenon of Japanese women who came to America as picture brides in Julie Otsuka’s The Buddha in the Attic. Not only narrating the the story of picture brides in America, The Buddha in the Attic also tells the story of Japanese migrants who ended up in concentracion camps during the Word War II period. To solve the problem aforementioned, this study applies Alan Swingewood’s Historical Poetics to get adequate results. As the novel is written in first person plural prounoun, Julie Otsuka is said to create narratives on Japanese picture brides and Japanese migrants collectively. What the author does is assumed as the post-memory of being the third generation of Japanese migrants (sansei) in America. Keywords: diaspora, narratives, historical poetics, picture brides, post-memory
CAPTURING ZEITGEIST ON CYBER LITERATURE: A CASE OF @NKCTHI ON INSTAGRAM
Authors: Octoveria Emma Natasha , Femigasari Natrila , Athali Nadia 
Published: August 2020

The advancement of technology, particularly the internet, has given cyber literature a prominent public recognition for its wide availability online and it has also acquired a place among the world of literature. Using the concept of zeitgeist proposed by Krause and relating it to the cyber literature on Instagram with the cultural phenomenon that is happening in Indonesia in 2018-2019, this research aims to address these questions: (1) why Instagram becomes the zeitgeist of cyber literature and (2) how Nanti Kita Cerita tentang Hari Ini (NKCTHI) reflects the zeitgeist of cyber literature on Instagram. Other than that, by considering Yongqing, Pignanolli, and Hayles’ works on digital media and cyber literature, this research found that the proliferation of cyber literature does not diminish printed literature. Instead, by investigating the phenomenon of the rising popularity of NKCTHI in Instagram, this research came to what Yongqing has suggested that cyber literature complements printed literature. Keywords: cyber literature, instagram, zeitgeist, NKCTHI Seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi internet, sastra siber yang dapat dengan mudah diakses khalayak ramai secara daring mulai mendapat tempat di dunia kesusastraan. Menggunakan konsep zeitgeist yang dibahas oleh Krause, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami fenomena sastra siber di Instagram dengan mengaitkannya dengan fenomena kultural yang terjadi di Instagram di Indonesia pada periode tahun 2018-2019, untuk menjawab pertanyaan: (1) mengapa Instagram dapat menjadi zeitgeist dari sastra siber dan (2) bagaimana Nanti Kita Cerita tentang Hari Ini (NKCTHI) mewakili zeitgeist dari sastra siber yang ada di Instagram. Selain itu, merujuk pada penelitian yang sudah dilakukan oleh Yongqing, Pignanolli, dan Hayles, hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa adanya sastra siber tidak serta merta menghapus keberadaan sastra tradisional dalam bentuk cetak. Alih-alih, seperti yang Yongqing telah paparkan, dengan menyelidiki fenomena populernya NKCTHI di Instagram, penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa sastra siber melengkapi sastra tradisional yang telah ada. Kata Kunci: sastra siber, instagram, zeitgeist, NKCTHI
MENELUSUR TRADISI: RENAISSANCE DALAM NATIVE AMERIKA DAN PERSPEKTIFNYA TERHADAP KEMATIAN DALAM KARYA LESLIE MARMON SILKO
Authors: Luthfia Karina Hanum 
Published: August 2020

Pemaknaan terhadap kematian dalam kehidupan manusia biasanya ditangkap hanya dalam tataran kematian fisik sebagai sebuah fenomena alam. Sementara itu, tradisi dan budaya hadir dengan potensi signifikan untuk memengaruhi dan membentuk adat serta protokol upacara kematian. Dalam konteks ini, Native Amerika memandang konsep kematian sebagai bagian dari tradisi dan warisan adat. Namun demikian, proses kolonisasi dan asimilasi dalam tatanan sosial Native Amerika telah mencapai sengketa yang rumit. Terkait dengan pergerakan renaissance dalam kehidupan Native Amerika, bias yang terjadi terhadap perspektif dalam memandang kematian diurai melalui penelusuran ujung konsep dari kematian itu sendiri yang sangat erat berkaitan dengan tradisi Native Amerika. Mekanisme dekolonisasi terhadap konsep kematian sebagai sebuah self-determination terhadap identitas kelompok sosial Native Amerika diambil dari refleksi karya sastra karangan Leslie Marmon Silko. Kajian ini menggunakan konsep analisis wacana dalam paradigma poskolonialisme. Manifestasi atas hasil penelitian merupakan: 1) Perspektif terhadap kematian menurut lensa Native Amerika dipandang sebagai tame death. 2) Kematian dipandang sebagai sebuah mekanisme penyeimbang kehidupan sosial jika ditarik dari nilai-nilai kehidupan kelompok Native Amerika. 3) Protokol upacara kematian dilaksanakan dalam sistem tribal ditemukan sebagai sebuah resistensi Native Amerika dalam menolak asimilasi dan dominasi kulit Putih. Hal tersebut didukung adanya sebuah gerakan determinasi dan artikulasi identitas kelompok Native Amerika. Kata kunci: Kematian, Tradisi, Renaissance dalam Native Amerika The subtle meaning of death on people’s life tends to generally depict the idea of natural phenomenon. Meanwhile, tradition and culture exist within their significant potency to influence the nurture of death customs and protocols. In this context, Native American deal with the concept of death as a particular tradition of their tribal legacy. However, colonization and assimilation process on their social order had transformed the Native American perspective on death into an advancement dispute.Concomitant to Native American renaissance movement, bias on the perspective of death is elucidated by tracing the root of death’s concept which is emanated from Native American tradition. The mechanism of decolonizing death’s perspective against White’s concept is represented in Native American literary works by Leslie Marmon Silko. As a consequence, the research employs critical discourse analysis on post-colonialism paradigm.The results of the work manifest: (1) Perspective on death through Native American lens considered as a tame death. (2) Death additionally scrutinized as social balance mechanism according to Native American value. At last, (3) Funeral protocols performed in tribal system essentially expounds the resistance of Native American people against the assimilation and White domination. Keywords: Death, Tradition, Renaissance, Native American Movement