bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Field Assisted Construction of Hollow Red P Nanospheres Confined in Hierarchical N‐Doped Carbon Nanosheets/Nanotubes 3D Framework for Efficient Potassium Storage
Authors: Qin Guohui , Liu Yihui , Liu Fusheng , Sun Xuan , Hou Linrui , Liu Bingbing , Yuan Changzhou 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRed P has drawn extensive attention as a promising low‐cost anode for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) thanks to its large theoretical capacity and natural abundance. However, serious pulverization/aggregation issues during consecutive cycles and sluggish kinetics limit its practical commercial applications. Herein, hollow red P nanospheres confined in hierarchical N‐doped carbon nanosheets/nanotubes framework are designed and controllably fabricated via a simple yet efficient magnetic field assisted methodology. The involved magnetic field induced formation mechanism of the 3D hybrid architecture is tentatively put forward here. Comprehensive physicochemical/structural characteristics and theoretical simulation authenticate that the resultant hybrid anode is endowed with exceptional structural/compositional merits, which ameliorate volumetric expansion/compression over potassiation/depotassiation processes, and guarantee abundant active sites, rigid structure stability, and convenient electronic/ionic transport network for efficient potassium storage. As a result, the unique hollow red P based hybrid electrode delivers superb electrochemical performance in both half and full cells in terms of reversible capacities, rate properties, and long‐duration cycling behaviors as a competitive anode toward advanced PIBs. More significantly, this work proposes an innovative strategy for efficient fabrication of hollow red P architectures for next‐generation PIBs and beyond.
Field‐Induced Radial Junction for Dopant‐Free Crystalline Silicon Microwire Solar Cells with an Efficiency of Over 20%
Authors: Choi Deokjae , Seo Kwanyong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRadial junctions on crystalline silicon (c‐Si) microwire structures considerably reduce the diffusion length of photoinduced minority carriers required for energy generation by decoupling light absorption and carrier separation in orthogonal spatial directions. Hence, radial junctions mitigate the need for high‐purity materials, and thus reduce the fabrication cost of c‐Si solar cells. In this study, the formation of dopant‐free radial junctions from atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 on an n‐c‐Si microwire surface is reported. ALD‐Al2O3 generates a p+ inversion layer, which eventually forms the radial junction on the n‐c‐Si surface. The width of depletion region induced by the p+ inversion layer is calculated from PC1D simulation as 900 nm. The fabricated dopant‐free radial junction c‐Si solar cells exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 20.1%, which is higher than those of previously reported microwire‐based radial junction solar cells. Notably, internal quantum efficiencies of over 90% are obtained in the 300–980 nm wavelength region, thereby verifying the successful formation of radial junctions.
“Essential non‐essentials”:COVID‐19policy missteps inNigeria rooted in persistent myths aboutAfrican food supply chains
Authors: Liverpool‐Tasie Lenis Saweda O. , Reardon Thomas , Belton Ben 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFood supply chains are extremely important for food access and livelihoods across Africa, but their role is often overlooked and underappreciated. Under normal conditions, the gap between myth and reality can result in the design of policies and programs with limited or negative impacts on food security and welfare. The shock of COVID‐19 has heightened this disconnect, with potentially dire consequences for food security. This paper demonstrates the importance of recognizing and accounting for the essential role of food supply chains when designing policy and interventions, particularly in response to COVID‐19, and provides recommendations for action based on current realities.
Cerebro‐oculo‐facio‐skeletal syndrome caused by the homozygous pathogenic variant Gly47Arg in ERCC2
Authors: Reunert Janine , van den Heuvel Alijda , Rust Stephan , Marquardt Thorsten 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDNA damage repair is a pivotal mechanism in life. The nucleotide excision repair pathway protects the cells against DNA damage and involves XPD, an ATP dependent helicase that is part of the multisubunit protein complex TFIIH. XPD is encoded by the excision repair cross‐complementation group 2 gene (ERCC2). Only three patients with cerebro‐oculo‐facio‐skeletal syndrome (COFS), caused by mutations in ERCC2, have been published so far. This report describes a boy with the homozygous amino acid change p.Gly47Arg in XPD. He presented with profound microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, failure to thrive, cutaneous photosensitivity, a bilateral hearing deficit and optic atrophy, thrombocytopenia, and recurrent episodes of pneumonia. We report the first homozygous occurrence of the pathogenic variant Gly47Arg in the ERCC2 gene. Occurring homozygous, this variant was associated with COFS syndrome, leading to early death of the patient at the age of 21 months.
Ranging behavior and the potential for territoriality in pair‐living titi monkeys (Plecturocebus discolor)
Authors: Van Belle Sarie , Porter Amy M. , Fernandez‐Duque Eduardo , Di Fiore Anthony 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPatterns of ranging behavior and space use are key for evaluating current ideas about the evolution and maintenance of pair‐living and sexual monogamy as they provide insights into the dispersion of females, the potential for territoriality, and whether males are limited to defending an area that can support only one female and her offspring. We examined ranging behavior and space use to evaluate the potential for territoriality in five groups of red titi monkeys (Plecturocebus discolor) during a 10‐year study in Ecuadorian Amazonia. Mean home range size, calculated using a time‐sensitive local convex hull estimation procedure, was 4.0 ± 1.4 ha. Annual home ranges of neighboring groups overlapped, on average, 0%–7%. Mean daily path length was 670 ± 194 m, resulting in defendability indices of 2.2–3.6 across groups. Groups visited, on average, 4 of 12 sections of their home range border area per day, but that was not more often than would be expected by chance, and intergroup encounters were infrequent. We did not find evidence of active monitoring for intruders in border areas, in that groups did not travel either faster or slower when at the border than when in central areas of their range. The absence of overt monitoring might be compensated for by engaging in loud calls, which the study groups did throughout their home ranges; these calls may serve as an advertisement of occupancy and a deterrent to intruding conspecifics. Our finding that red titis have a high potential for territoriality is consistent with several of the main hypotheses proposed to explain pair‐living in mammals.
Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with Low Voltage Loss Achieved by a Pyridine‐Based Dopant‐Free Polymer Semiconductor
Authors: Sun Xianglang , Li Zhen , Yu Xinyu , Wu Xin , Zhong Cheng , Liu Danjun , Lei Dangyuan , Jen Alex K.‐Y. , Li Zhong'an , Zhu Zonglong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCurrently, the performance improvement for inverted perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) is mainly limited by the high open circuit voltage (VOC) loss caused by detrimental non‐radiative recombination (NRR) processes. Herein, we report a simple and efficient way to simultaneously reduce the NRR processes inside perovskites and at the interface by rationally designing a new pyridine‐based polymer hole‐transporting material (HTM),PPY2, which exhibits suitable energy levels with perovskites, high hole mobility, effective passivation of the uncoordinated Pb2+and iodide defects, as well as the capability of promoting the formation of high‐quality polycrystalline perovskite films. In absence of any dopants, the inverted PVSCs usingPPY2as the HTM deliver an encouraging PCE up to 22.41 % with a smallVOCloss (0.40 V), among the best device performances for inverted PVSCs reported so far. Furthermore,PPY2‐based unencapsulated devices show an excellent long‐term photostability, and over 97 % of its initial PCE can be maintained after one sun constant illumination for 500 h.
Enantioselective Synthesis of 3,3′‐Disubstituted 2‐Amino‐2′‐hydroxy‐1,1′‐binaphthyls by Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Zhao Xiao‐Jing , Li Zi‐Hao , Ding Tong‐Mei , Tian Jin‐Miao , Tu Yong‐Qiang , Wang Ai‐Fang , Xie Yu‐Yang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA challenging direct asymmetric catalytic aerobic oxidative cross‐coupling of 2‐naphthylamine and 2‐naphthol, using a novel CuI/SPDO system, has been successfully developed for the first time. Enantioenriched 3,3′‐disubstituted NOBINs were achieved and could be readily derived to divergent chiral ligands and catalysts. This reaction features high enantioselectivities (up to 96 % ee) and good yields (up to 80 %). The DFT calculations suggest that the F–H interactions between CF3 of L17 and H‐1,8 of 2‐naphthol, and the π–π stacking between the two coupling partners could play vital roles in the enantiocontrol of this cross‐coupling reaction.
α‐Amylase and cellulase production by novel halotolerant Bacillus sp.PM06 isolated from sugarcane pressmud
Authors: Rajesh Rekha , Gummadi Sathyanarayana N. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA novel Bacillus sp.PM06 isolated from sugarcane waste pressmud was tested for extracellular α‐amylase and cellulase enzyme production. The effect of different substrates, nitrogen sources, pH, and temperature on growth and extracellular enzyme production was examined. Bacillus sp.PM06 was able to grow with starch and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a sole source of carbon and ammonium chloride was found to be the best nitrogen source. Maximum enzyme production was obtained at 48 H for both α‐amylase and cellulase. The optimal condition for measuring enzyme activity was found to be pH 5.5 at 50 °C for α‐amylase and pH 6.4 at 60 °C for cellulase respectively. It was found that Bacillus sp.PM06 exhibited halotolerance up to 2 M Sodium chloride (NaCl) and Potassium chloride (KCl). The isolate could produce α‐amylase in the presence of 2 M NaCl and 1 M KCl. However, the strain produced cellulase even in the presence of 2 M NaCl and KCl. Concomitant production of both enzymes was observed when the medium was supplemented with starch and CMC. A maximum of 31 ± 1.15 U/mL of amylase and 15 ± 1.5 U/mL of cellulase was produced in 48 H. The enzyme was partially purified by Ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4 precipitation with 2.2 and 2.3‐fold purification.
Joint frailty model for recurrent events and death in presence of cure fraction: Application to breast cancer data
Authors: Talebi‐Ghane Elaheh , Baghestani AhmadReza , Zayeri Farid , Rondeau Virgine , Akhavan Ali 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn many biomedical cohort studies, recurrent or repeated events for individuals can be terminated by a dependent terminal event like death. In this context, the time of death may be associated with the underlying recurrent process and there often exists the dependence between the occurrences of recurrent events. Moreover, there are some situations in which a portion of patients could be cured. In the present study, the term “cured” means that some patients may neither experience any recurrent events nor death induced by the disease under study. We proposed a joint frailty model in the presence of cure fraction for analysis of the recurrent and terminal events and estimated the effect of covariates on the cure rate and both aforementioned events concurrently. The use of two independent gamma distributed frailties in this model enabled us to consider both the dependence between the recurrences and the survival times and the interrecurrences dependence. The model parameters were estimated employing the maximum likelihood method for a piecewise constant and a parametric baseline hazard function. Our proposed model was evaluated by a simulation study and illustrated using a real data set on patients with breast cancer who had undergone surgery.
Establishment of import tolerance for the insecticide thiacloprid in strawberry
Authors: Rahman Md. Musfiqur , Oh Young Goun , Lee Dong‐Gi , Moon Joon‐Kwan , Shim Jae‐Han , Cho Il Kyu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTo promote exports, import tolerance (IT) of thiacloprid in strawberry was proposed using the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) maximum residue limit (MRL) calculator after conducting three different field trials. The pre‐harvest interval of residual pattern and degradation dynamics of thiacloprid in strawberry were determined using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Samples were extracted with acetonitrile and a mixture of salts and dilution was performed for purification. A six‐point matrix‐matched calibration curve was constructed which provided excellent linearity with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9998 or more. Detection and quantification limits were 0.003 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. The method was validated in quintuplicate at three different concentrations, which resulted in acceptable recovery ranging from 80.86% to 101.71% with relative standard deviation of 6.50 or less among the three field sites. The developed method was applied to the field‐treated sample harvested at different intervals. In the pre‐harvest interval trial, the amount of thiacloprid residues ranged from 0.24 to 0.70 mg/kg in field site 1 (Nonsan), 0.16 to 0.50 mg/kg in field site 2 (Sunchang), and 0.36 to 0.50 mg/kg in field site 3 (Sacheon). By contrast, in the degradation trial, the observed residues were 0.03–0.81 mg/kg in field site 1 and 0.02–0.48 mg/kg in field site 2. Consequently, the IT of thiacloprid in strawberry using the OECD MRL calculator was proposed as 2 mg/kg, which is exactly the same as the MRL established by the Republic of Korea. In conclusion, the residue study proposes 2.0 mg/kg as the MRL of thiacloprid in strawberries.
Enduring Systemic Changes: Lessons From TAACCCT
Authors: Freeman Jennifer , Lagarde Christian , Acevedo Erica 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter describes examples of Trade Adjustment Assistance Community College and Career Training‐funded innovations that resulted in statewide systemic change, including approaches to accelerate adult credential attainment, new approaches to data collection and analysis, enhanced individualized student support, and stronger industry alignment.
Optical coherence tomography analysis of late lumen enlargement after paclitaxel‐coated balloon angioplasty for de‐novo coronary artery disease
Authors: Sogabe Koji , Koide Masahiro , Fukui Kento , Kato Yukinori , Kitajima Hiroki , Akabame Satoshi , Zen Kan , Nakamura Takeshi , Matoba Satoaki 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPaclitaxel‐coated balloon angioplasty for de‐novo coronary artery lesions causes late lumen enlargement (LLE), however, the mechanisms and predictors of LLE have not been elucidated.Methods and ResultsWe retrospectively analyzed 91 consecutive patients with 95 de‐novo coronary lesions, who underwent paclitaxel‐coated balloon angioplasty without stenting from August 2018 to July 2019 as well as follow‐up coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The mean follow‐up duration was 8.2 ± 2.9 months. The target lesion revascularization rate was 7.3%. OCT demonstrated LLE in 50.5% of lesions. The lesions with LLE had a higher incidence of vessel enlargement (76.6 vs. 29.2%, p < .01), regression of plaque or dissection flap (55.3 vs. 10.4%, p < 0.01; 40.4 vs. 14.6%, p < .01, respectively), and reattachment and healing of dissection flaps (74.5 vs. 27.1%, p < .01) compared with those without LLE. Preprocedure thick‐cap fibroatheroma plaques and postprocedure deep dissection reaching the tunica media were positive predictors of LLE (hazard ratio, HR 3.74 [1.93–7.25], p < .001; HR 2.04 [1.02–4.05], p < .05, respectively).ConclusionsOCT analysis after paclitaxel‐coated balloon treatment of de‐novo coronary artery lesions revealed that the mechanism of LLE was associated with vessel enlargement, healing of dissection flaps, and regression of plaque or dissection flap. Preprocedure thick‐cap fibroatheroma plaques and postprocedure deep dissection reaching the tunica media on OCT were predictors of LLE.
Isolated tricuspid valve infective endocarditis with multiple septic pulmonary emboli in a patient with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Shioya Nobuki , Inoue Nozomu , Miyano Erina , Nakayama Miyabi , Tsukamoto Yuki , Hazama Koji , Shichinohe Yasuo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMultiple lung nodules in atopic dermatitis patients may reflect infective endocarditis. Our case underlines the importance of potentially severe infections due to staphylococci associated with atopic dermatitis.
Conductive Na2Zn2TeO6 Filler Modified Gel Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Application in Sodium‐Ions Batteries
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Liu Zehua , Wang Yingqi , Chen Jingjing , Mao Zhiyong , Wang Dajian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are preferable in energy storage devices, owing to their high ionic conductivity and excellent compatibility with electrodes. In the current work, sodium‐conductive Na2Zn2TeO6 filler modified GPE membranes are fabricated, and their application performances in sodium‐ions batteries (SIBs) are demonstrated. With the modification of Na2Zn2TeO6 filler, the ionic conductivity of the GPEs is enhanced significantly, due to the decreased crystallinity and enlarged porosity of polymer membranes induced by Na2Zn2TeO6 modifier, which itself is a high ionic conductor. The modified GPE membranes exhibit enhanced ionic conductivity as high as 2.52×10−3 S/cm with a low activation energy of approximately 0.040 eV. The assembled Na3V2(PO4)3/C|GPE|Na battery delivers a high first discharge capacity of 93.3 mAh ⋅ g−1 at 0.5 C and promising capacity retention capability (98.4 % after 100 cycles) as well as excellent rate performance (83.5 mAh ⋅ g−1 at 5 C). This work proves that the performances of GPEs can be enhanced with the modification of ionic conductors similar to Na2Zn2TeO6, promoting the application of GPEs in energy storage devices.
Organic Materials as Electrodes in Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Weisheng , Huang Weiwei , Zhang Qichun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe integrated advantages of organic electrode materials and potassium metal make the organic potassium‐ion batteries (OPIBs) promising secondary batteries. This review summarizes the latest research progress on OPIBs according to the different types of electrode materials (namely, organic small molecules compounds, polymers, and frameworks (metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs)). Additionally, the research prospects and outlook for OPIBs are also provided.
Enhanced Nanostructure Dynamics on Au(111) with Adsorbed Sulfur due to Au−S Complex Formation
Authors: Spurgeon Peter M. , Liu Da‐Jiang , Windus Theresa L. , Evans James W. , Thiel Patricia A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractChemisorbed species can enhance the fluxional dynamics of nanostructured metal surfaces which has implications for applications such as catalysis. Scanning tunneling microscopy studies at room temperature reveal that the presence of adsorbed sulfur (S) greatly enhances the decay rate of 2D Au islands in the vicinity of extended step edges on Au(111). This enhancement is already significant at S coverages,θS, of a few hundredths of a monolayer (ML), and is most pronounced for 0.1–0.3 ML where the decay rate is increased by a factor of around 30. ForθSclose to saturation at about 0.6 ML, sulfur induces pitting and reconstruction of the entire surface, and Au islands are stabilized. Enhanced coarsening at lowerθSis attributed to the formation and diffusion across terraces of Au−S complexes, particularly AuS2and Au4S4, with some lesser contribution from Au3S4. This picture is supported by density functional theory analysis of complex formation energies and diffusion barriers.
The fate of Meconopsis species in the Tibeto‐Himalayan region under future climate change
Authors: Wang Wen‐Ting , Guo Wen‐Yong , Jarvie Scott , Svenning Jens‐Christian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHigh‐mountain areas such as the Tibeto‐Himalayan region (THR) host cold‐adapted biota expected to be sensitive to anthropogenic climate change. Meconopsis is a representative endangered genus confined to alpine meadow or subnival habitats in the THR. We used climate‐niche factor analysis to study the vulnerability of ten Meconopsis species to climate change, comparing current climate (representative of 1960–1990) to future climate scenarios (2070: average 2061–2080). For these ten Meconopsis species, we then identified potential future climate refugia and determined optimal routes for each species to disperse to the proposed refugia. Our results indicate that for the ten Meconopsis species, the regions with low vulnerability to climate change in the THR are the central Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau, the Hengduan Mountains (HDM), the eastern Himalayas, and the West Qinling Mountain (WQL), and can be considered potential future climate refugia. Under future climate change, we found for the ten Meconopsis species potential dispersal routes to three of the four identified refugia: the HDM, the eastern Himalayas, and the WQL. Our results suggest that past refugia on the THR will also be the future climate refugia for the ten Meconopsis species, and these species may potentially persist in multiple future climate refugia, likely reducing risks from climate change. Furthermore, climate change may affect the threat ranking of Red Listed Species for Meconopsis species, as Least Concern species were estimated to become more vulnerable to climate change than the only Near Threatened species.