bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated detection of ripple oscillations in long-term scalp EEG from patients with infantile spasms
Authors: McCrimmon Colin M , Riba Aliza , Garner Cristal , Maser Amy L , Phillips Donald J , Steenari Maija , Shrey Daniel W , Lopour Beth A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective. Scalp high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) are a promising biomarker of epileptogenicity in infantile spasms (IS) and many other epilepsy syndromes, but prior studies have relied on visual analysis of short segments of data due to the prevalence of artifacts in EEG. Here we set out to robustly characterize the rate and spatial distribution of HFOs in large datasets from IS subjects using fully automated HFO detection techniques. Approach. We prospectively collected long-term scalp EEG data from 12 subjects with IS and 18 healthy controls. For patients with IS, recording began prior to diagnosis and continued through initiation of treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The median analyzable EEG duration was 18.2 h for controls and 84.5 h for IS subjects (∼1300 h total). Ripples (80–250 Hz) were detected in all EEG data using an automated algorithm. Main results. HFO rates were substantially higher in patients with IS compared to controls. In IS patients, HFO rates were higher during sleep compared to wakefulness (median 5.5 min−1 and 2.9 min−1, respectively; p = 0.002); controls did not exhibit a difference in HFO rate between sleep and wakefulness (median 0.98 min−1 and 0.82 min−1, respectively). Spatially, IS patients exhibited significantly higher rates of HFOs in the posterior parasaggital region and significantly lower HFO rates in frontal channels, and this difference was more pronounced during sleep. In IS subjects, ACTH therapy significantly decreased the rate of HFOs. Significance. Here we provide a detailed characterization of the spatial distribution and rates of HFOs associated with IS, which may have relevance for diagnosis and assessment of treatment response. We also demonstrate that our fully automated algorithm can be used to detect HFOs in long-term scalp EEG with sufficient accuracy to clearly discriminate healthy subjects from those with IS.
Scaling properties of flow harmonics of deuterons and protons in Au+Au reactions at 1.23 AGeV
Authors: Hillmann Paula , Steinheimer Jan , Reichert Tom , Gaebel Vincent , Bleicher Marcus , Sombun Sukanya , Herold Christoph , Limphirat Ayut 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We explore the scaling properties of the elliptic and quadrangular flow of deuterons and protons in Au+Au reactions at a beam energy of 1.23 AGeV within the UrQMD approach. These investigations are of great interest for the HADES experiment at GSI that has recently studied the flow of light nuclei. In the present studies, deuterons are formed via phase-space coalescence. Our results agree well with the experimental data, if for this low energy a hard equation of state is considered. We observe that protons and deuterons show direct scaling with the mass number A. We also see scaling of higher order flow harmonics, e.g. υ4 ∼

υ
2
2

.
Studies of hyperon production in HADES at FAIR-Phase0 — the case of an inclusive Σ(1385)+ measurement in pp reaction
Authors: Kuboś Joanna , Lalik Rafal 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this proceedings first results of an inclusive measurement of the Σ(1385) + resonance produced in the proton-proton reaction at the beam kinetic energy of 3.5 GeV are presented. Mass of the Σ(1385)+ resonance extracted from a fit with the Breit-Wigner function is found to be M0
= 1380.02 MeV with a fixed width of Γ = 40MeV resulting from the previous exclusive measurements done by HADES. The presented analysis is a first trial to obtain the inclusive cross section for the production of the first-excited state of the Σ hyperon in elementary collisions at SIS energy range. The inclusive cross section is important for studies of the hyperon electromagnetic decays, which are one of the main fields of interest of the HADES experimental program during the FAIR-Phase0.
Development of Forward Tracker
Authors: Malige A , Korcyl G , Lalik R , Salabura P , Rathod N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The High Acceptence DiElectron Spectrometer has experienced many years of successful operation which revealed high capability of measuring resonance production in proton-proton and pion-proton reactions. Since many of the production channels that are crucial for the understanding of the resonance production are highly anisotropic, that a large part of the signal would be located in the most forward and backward phase space regions, a new opportunity to an upgrade to the detector for improving the phase-space acceptance in this region has been proposed. The Forward Tracker (FT) will cover the polar angle in the detector system between 0°and 6.5°, which significantly will increase the detection acceptance. The FT is in construction with the synergy with PANDA Central Tracker, and is realized by groups from Jagellionian University, FZ Jülich and LIP Coimbra. The development of the new and faster readout electronics (DAQ) to cope with higher data rates, track reconstruction and the results from the beam time at Forschungszentrum Jülich are discussed.
LUE-200 Accelerator—A Photo-neutron Generator For The Pulsed Neutron Source “IREN”
Authors: Sumbaev A. , Kobets V. , Shvetsov V. , Dikansky N. , Logatchov P. 
Published: November 2020

This article reports about the construction and status of the accelerator facility at the Laboratory of Neutron Physics (FLNP) in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna), the driver of an intense pulsed resonance neutron source. The general scheme of the electron linear accelerator and features of its basic systems are presented. LUE-200 consists of two accelerating sections on a traveling wave with an operating frequency of 2856 MHz with RF power compression systems of the SLED type. The pulse current of the beam at the output of the accelerator reaches 2 A with a pulse duration of 80–100 ns. At the average energy of beam particles from 60–65 MeV and a cycle repetition rate of 50 Hz, the average beam power reaches ≈ 600 W. The integral neutron flux from the non-multiplying target reaches ∼ 1012 s−1.
Diagnosis of environmental controls on daily actual evapotranspiration across a global flux tower network: the roles of water and energy
Authors: Han Qiong , Liu Qin , Wang Tiejun , Wang Lichun , Di Chongli , Chen Xi , Smettem Keith , Singh Shailesh Kumar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Relative contributions from environmental factors to daily actual evapotranspiration (ETa) across a variety of climate zones is a widely open research question, especially regarding the roles played by soil water content ((SWC); water supply) and net radiation ((Rn); energy supply) in controlling ETa. Here, the boosted regression tree method scheme was employed to quantify environmental controls on daily ETa using the global FLUXNET dataset. Similar to the general trend suggested by the Budyko theory at annual scales, the results showed that the relative control of SWC on daily ETa increased with increasing aridity index (Φ); however, Rn played a major role at most FLUXNET sites (roughly Φ < 4), indicating that Rn could be a leading control on daily ETa even at water-limited sites. The variability in the relative controls of SWC and Rn also partly depended on factors affecting water availability for daily ETa (e.g. vegetation characteristics and groundwater depth). Our study showed that other than SWC and Rn, the net effect of environmental controls (particularly leaf area index) on daily ETa was more important at drier sites than at relatively humid sites. This suggests that near-surface hydrological processes are more sensitive to vegetation variations due to their ability to extract deep soil water and enhance ETa, especially under arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. Our findings illustrate how environmental controls on daily ETa change as the climate dries, which has important implications for many scientific disciplines including hydrological, climatic, and agricultural studies.
Polyanalytic reproducing Kernels on the quantized annulus
Authors: Demni Nizar , Mouayn Zouhair 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhile dealing with the constant-strength magnetic Laplacian on the annulus, we complete Peetre’s work. In particular, the eigenspaces associated with its discrete spectrum true turns out to be polyanalytic spaces with respect to the invariant Cauchy–Riemann operator, and we write down explicit formulas for their reproducing kernels. When the magnetic field strength is an integer, we compute the limits of the obtained kernels when the outer radius of the annulus tends to infinity and express them by means of the fourth Jacobi theta function and of its logarithmic derivatives. Under the same quantization condition, we also derive their transformation rule under the action of the automorphism group of the annulus.
Beating the Rayleigh limit via aperture modulation
Authors: Xu Biao , Wang Zhiqiang , He Jinping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally a method to break the Rayleigh limit of an imaging system by modulating only the aperture of the imaging optics. By fully utilizing the useful information extracted from an image sequence, a superresolution image with high-frequency components beyond the cutoff frequency of the imaging system is reconstructed. Resolution enhancement of

>

2 times is achieved experimentally. Simulation results show that the method can still work with the signal-to-noise ratio of ~ 10 for the acquired images.
Increasing the brightness of harmonic XUV radiation with spatially-tailored driver beams
Authors: Treacher D J , Lloyd D T , O’Keeffe K , Wiegandt F , Hooker S M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bright high harmonic sources can be produced by loosely focussing high peak power laser pulses to exploit the quadratic scaling of flux with driver spot size at the expense of a larger experimental footprint. Here, we present a method for increasing the brightness of a harmonic source (while maintaining a compact experimental geometry) by spatially shaping the transverse focal intensity distribution of a driving laser from a Gaussian to supergaussian. Using a phase-only spatial light modulator we increase the size and order of the supergaussian focal profiles, thereby increasing the number of harmonic emitters more efficiently than possible with Gaussian beams. This provides the benefits of a loose focussing geometry, yielding a five-fold increase in harmonic brightness, whilst maintaining a constant experimental footprint. This technique can readily be applied to existing high harmonic systems, opening new opportunities for applications requiring bright, compact sources of coherent short wavelength radiation.
Effects of porosity on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured components: a critical review
Authors: Al-Maharma Ahmad Y , Patil Sandeep P , Markert Bernd 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the present review, the effect of porosity on the mechanical properties of the fabricated parts, which are additively manufactured by powder bed fusion and filament extrusion-based technologies, are discussed in detail. Usually, additive manufacturing (AM) processes based on these techniques produce the components with a significant amount of pores. The porosity in these parts typically takes two forms: pores with irregular shapes (called keyholes) and uniform (spherical) pores. These pores are present at different locations, such as surface, sub-surface, interior bulk material, between the deposited layers and at filler/matrix interface, which critically affect the corrosion resistance, fatigue strength, stiffness, mechanical strength, and fracture toughness properties, respectively. Therefore, it is essential to study and understand the influence of pores on the mechanical properties of AM fabricated parts. The technologies of AM can be employed in the manufacturing of components with the desired porous structure through the topology optimization process of scaffolds and lattices to improve their toughness under a specific load. The undesirable effect of pores can be eliminated by using defects-free raw materials, optimizing the processing parameters, and implementing suitable post-processing treatment. The current review grants a more comprehensive understanding of the effect of porous defects on mechanical performance and provides a mechanistic basis for reliable applications of additively manufactured components.
Structural evolution across the metal-insulator transition of strongly distorted Lu1−xScxNiO3 perovskites (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2)
Authors: Cui Qi , Wang Ningning , Alonso Jose A , Fauth François , Cheng Jinguang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
RNiO3 perovskites have been described to present thermally driven metal-insulator transitions (at TMI) as a function of the rare-earth ion size (R = Pr to Lu). Aiming to extend the stability range of RNiO3 for smaller R3+ ions, we prepared Lu1−xScxNiO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2) perovskites, being Sc3+ ions substantially smaller than Lu3+, by using a multi-anvil high-pressure synthesis device at 10 GPa. We have studied the structural evolution of Lu0.9Sc0.1NiO3 by synchrotron x-ray diffraction (SXRD) from room temperature to 350 °C. The symmetry of the lattice evolves from monoclinic (P2
1
/n) to orthorhombic (Pbnm) upon heating across TMI (≈320 °C), with the existence of two chemically and crystallographically distinct nickel sites in the insulating, monoclinic regime, whereas the metallic phase has a single NiO6 environment. A simultaneous structural and electronic transition implies an abrupt evolution of the lattice parameters and size of the NiO6 octahedra upon entering the metallic regime, leading to the merging of the disproportionated Ni-O bond lengths. The magnetic properties correspond to the establishment of antiferromagnetic correlations at the Ni sublattice; a decrease of the TN ordering temperature from 122 K (x = 0) to 113 K (x = 0.2) is observed as the Sc content increases, which is concomitant with a more distorted perovskite structure.
Selective laser sintering of conductive patterns on a novel silver–barium strontium titanate composite material
Authors: Ranasingha Oshadha K , Luce Andrew , Strack Guinevere , Hardie Cameron , Piro Yuri , Haghzadeh Mahdi , Sobkowicz Margaret J , Kingsley Edward , Armiento Craig , Akyurtlu Alkim 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Here, we report a previously un-reported printed electronics/additive manufacturing (AM) approach to fabricate conductive/resistive features on novel insulating silver–barium strontium titanate (Ag–BST) printed composite films. Ag–BST composite functional ink was formulated by blending a conductive Ag nanoparticle ink and an insulating BST nanoparticle ink. The blending ratio of Ag and BST inks was optimized to obtain the insulating phase after the initial curing and the conductive/resistive phase following selective laser sintering under ambient conditions. Selective laser sintered Ag–BST resistors showed an ohmic behavior and the resistivity could be adjusted by varying the laser sintering parameters, such as the wavelength, power and the rastering speed/pitch of the laser. This insulator to conductor/resistor transitioning Ag–BST ink paves a new path for direct write printed electronics/AM applications. Proofs of concept for potential applications utilizing this functional ink are demonstrated. Also, this Ag–BST ink can be used as a conventional resistive ink for dispensing printers. Thermally sintered Ag–BST resistors showed less than 8% variation in resistance between −50 °C and 150 °C.
Surface energy patterning for ink-independent process optimization of inkjet-printed electronics
Authors: Schlisske Stefan , Raths Sebastian , Ruiz-Preciado Luis A , Lemmer Uli , Exner Kai , Hernandez-Sosa Gerardo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The applicability of inkjet-printed (opto-)electrical devices are hindered by their low lateral resolution, when compared to conventional techniques. The low lateral resolution is mainly caused by the flow and spreading of the functional ink on the substrate, which is determined by the substrate-ink-interaction. Recent approaches, that confine and control the spreading, have been developed. However, they suffer from low lateral resolution or the usage of physical barriers. The later needs an adjustment of the ink or may contain an overlaid height information. Both cases are not always applicable when fabricating functional devices. Herein, we report the utilization of a surface energy patterning approach based on siloxane self-assembled monolayers. The obtained energetic differences control the flow and suppress the spreading of the ink, without creating the necessity to alter the ink composition. Furthermore this approach leads to an improved structural fidelity and printing resolution of arbitrary shapes. With that, we were able to print silver- and gold-electrodes for organic filed-effect transistors with a channel length of <25 µm, fabricating feature sizes below the footprint of a single drop. The electrical characterization of these transistors revealed that the utilization of this surface energy patterning has no negative influence on the device performance. The introduced approach facilitates the process development and improves the quality and resolution of printed features. This will facilitate the fabrication of high-quality and high resolution printed electronic devices.
Accuracy assessment of fringe projection profilometry and digital image correlation techniques for three-dimensional shape measurements
Authors: Nguyen Hieu , Liang Jiali , Wang Yuzeng , Wang Zhaoyang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
With ever-increasing demand for three-dimensional (3D) imaging and shape measurements in a variety of fields, measurement accuracy has become of vital importance to numerous scientific and engineering applications. This paper presents an experimental investigation into the accuracy comparison of two prevalent 3D imaging and shape measurement methods: fringe projection profilometry (FPP) and 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC) techniques. A detailed description of their principles reveals their inherent similarities and fundamental differences. A measurement system composed of both techniques is employed in the study, and a test target with speckle checkerboard patterns on its surface is adopted to allow simultaneous FPP and 3D-DIC measurements. The evaluation puts emphasis on how the geometric angles between key hardware components affect the 3D measurement accuracy. Experiments show that the depth and height measurements of both techniques can reach sub-micron accuracy, and the relative accuracy of the 3D shape or position measurements can reach 1/600 000.
Laser metal deposition of refractory high-entropy alloys for high-throughput synthesis and structure-property characterization
Authors: Dobbelstein Henrik , George Easo P , Gurevich Evgeny L , Kostka Aleksander , Ostendorf Andreas , Laplanche Guillaume 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Progress in materials development is often paced by the time required to produce and evaluate a large number of alloys with different chemical compositions. This applies especially to refractory high-entropy alloys (RHEAs), which are difficult to synthesize and process by conventional methods. To evaluate a possible way to accelerate the process, high-throughput laser metal deposition was used in this work to prepare a quinary RHEA, TiZrNbHfTa, as well as its quaternary and ternary subsystems by in-situ alloying of elemental powders. Compositionally graded variants of the quinary RHEA were also analyzed. Our results show that the influence of various parameters such as powder shape and purity, alloy composition, and especially the solidification range, on the processability, microstructure, porosity, and mechanical properties can be investigated rapidly. The strength of these alloys was mainly affected by the oxygen and nitrogen contents of the starting powders, while substitutional solid solution strengthening played a minor role.
Higher-order models capture changes in controllability of temporal networks
Authors: Zhang Yan , Garas Antonios , Scholtes Ingo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In many complex systems, elements interact via time-varying network topologies. Recent research shows that temporal correlations in the chronological ordering of interactions crucially influence network properties and dynamical processes. How these correlations affect our ability to control systems with time-varying interactions remains unclear. In this work, we use higher-order network models to extend the framework of structural controllability to temporal networks, where the chronological ordering of interactions gives rise to time-respecting paths with non-Markovian characteristics. We study six empirical data sets and show that non-Markovian characteristics of real systems can both increase or decrease the minimum time needed to control the whole system. With both empirical data and synthetic models, we further show that spectral properties of generalisations of graph Laplacians to higher-order networks can be used to analytically capture the effect of temporal correlations on controllability. Our work highlights that (i) correlations in the chronological ordering of interactions are an important source of complexity that significantly influences the controllability of temporal networks, and (ii) higher-order network models are a powerful tool to understand the temporal-topological characteristics of empirical systems.
Enabling robust offline active learning for machine learning potentials using simple physics-based priors
Authors: Shuaibi Muhammed , Sivakumar Saurabh , Chen Rui Qi , Ulissi Zachary W 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Machine learning surrogate models for quantum mechanical simulations have enabled the field to efficiently and accurately study material and molecular systems. Developed models typically rely on a substantial amount of data to make reliable predictions of the potential energy landscape or careful active learning (AL) and uncertainty estimates. When starting with small datasets, convergence of AL approaches is a major outstanding challenge which has limited most demonstrations to online AL. In this work we demonstrate a Δ-machine learning (ML) approach that enables stable convergence in offline AL strategies by avoiding unphysical configurations with initial datasets as little as a single data point. We demonstrate our framework’s capabilities on a structural relaxation, transition state calculation, and molecular dynamics simulation, with the number of first principle calculations being cut down anywhere from 70%–90%. The approach is incorporated and developed alongside AMPtorch, an open-source ML potential package, along with interactive Google Colab notebook examples.