bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estudio Cuantitativo del Potencial Genotípico del Rendimiento de Cultivares de Papas Nativas andigena
Authors: Torres Gustavo Javier 
Published: May 2020

Usando una población de 926 cultivares de papas nativas andigena y basado en datos del peso, número y tamaño promedio de tubérculos por planta, obtenidos en 7 campañas agrícolas (1979-80 a 1985-86), se probó la hipótesis de que el bajo rendimiento de los cultivares de papas nativas andigena se debe a que la mayor proporción de genotipos de la población son "endogámicos" de bajo valor genotípico medio, originados por autofecundación natural; y una menor proporción son genotipos "híbridos" intra-específicos de alto valor genotípico medio, originados por cruzamiento natural.Se encontró que el 54.1% de cultivares andigena eran "endogámicos" con una media de los valores genotípicos medios de 0.424 kg/planta; el 45.9% fueron "híbridos" con una media de los valores genotípicos medios de 0.820 kg/planta; y la diferencia entre dichas medias fue estadísticamente significativa.Las medias de los componentes genotípicos del número de tubérculos y del tamaño promedio de tubérculo de los cultivares "endogámicos" fueron 0.213 y 0.142 respectivamente; y las de los "híbridos" 0.326 y 0.248 respectivamente. Las diferencias entre las medias de los cultivares "endogámicos" e "híbridos", para cada componente genotípico resultaron estadísticamente significativas.Se infiere que el bajo valor genotípico medio, asociado con valores bajos de los componentes genotípicos del número y del tamaño promedio de tubérculo causan el bajo rendimiento del 54.1% de cultivares nativos andigena.Aceptado para publicación: agosto 1996.
Respuesta Fisiológica del Cultivo de Papa Cultivar Waych'a (Solanum tuberosum ssp. andigena) a Diferentes Densidades de Población de Nacobbus aberrans
Authors: Cusicanqui David , Franco Javier , Ortuño Noel 
Published: May 2020

El comportamiento del cultivar Waych'a (Solanum tuberosum spp. andigena) fue evaluado en microparcelas inoculadas con ocho densidades (O, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 y 8 indv./g suelo) de Nacobbus aberrans. Las evaluaciones se efectuaron a los 90, 118 y 146 días de la siembra, considerando las variables agrofisiológicas: altura de planta, longitud radical, peso fresco del follaje y peso de la raíz, y las variables nematológicas (número de nódulos, fluctuación poblacional, número de hembras y machos por nódulo). A la cosecha (160 días) se determinó el peso total y por tamaño de los tubérculos. Las densidades iniciales del nematodo afectaron principalmente a las variables agrofisiológicas.El rendimiento total fue negativamente afectado en peso y número, conforme se incrementaron las densidades de N. aberrans. En las variables nematológicas, se observaron diferencias en la nodulación y proporción de sexos. Los nódulos disecados presentaron por lo menos una hembra en cada uno de los estadios. Aceptado para publicación: julio 1997.
Seis Cultivares Potenciales de Papa con Resistencia al Tizón Tardío (Phytophthora infestans) en Bolivia
Authors: Carrasco Enrique , Estrada Nelson , Gabriel Julio , Alfaro Gonzalo , Larondelle Yvan 
Published: May 2020

El tizón tardío de la papa (Phytophthora infestans) es un problema serio en casi todas las zonas paperas de Bolivia. Esta enfermedad es causante de severas pérdidas en el cultivo de papa, llegando hasta un 100% si no se aplica ninguna medida de control. Por tanto para un control efectivo del tizón tardío de la papa se requieren numerosas aplicaciones de fungicidas, llegando en algunos casos a más de 10 durante el ciclo de cultivo. Ante este problema el Programa de Investigación de la Papa (PROINPA), ha venido seleccionando durante cinco años clones con resistencia a esta enfermedad provenientes del Centro Internacional de la Papa (CIP) y del Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA). Por evaluaciones anuales de una población inicial aproximada de 300 clones, se seleccionaron clones por su resistencia al tizón, altos rendimientos y buenos atributos agronómicos. Para evaluar eldaño por tizón tardío se usó la escala internacional propuesta por el CIP (1 = 0% daño a 9 = 97-100% daño), que sirvió para calcular el AUDPC (Área Bajo la Curva de Progreso de Phytophthora infestans), que conjuntamente al rendimiento y la calidad culinaria determinaron la selección de seis clones para su entrega como cultivares potenciales, con la activa participación de agricultores y técnicos de las zonas donde fueron conducidos los ensayos. Además se determinaron contenido de nutrientes y de glicoalcaloides de los seis cultivares potenciales, cultivados en dos regiones similares. Se analizó el nivel de glicoalcaloides de la variedad Robusta bajo dos condiciones de cultivo contrastadas.Aceptado para publicación: mayo de 1997
Determinación de Razas Fisiológicas y Tipo de Apareamiento en Aislamientos de Phytophthora infestans (Mont) De Bary
Authors: López Juan Bautista , Márquez María Elena , Jaramillo Sonia , Zapata José Luís 
Published: May 2020

El problema más limitante del cultivo de la papa en muchas regiones del mundo, lo constituye la gota o tizón tardío ocasionado por el hongo Phytophthora infestans. Esta investigación se realizó con el objetivo de determinar variaciones poblacionales de este patógeno, basadas en el tipo de apareamiento y en la presencia de razas fisiológicas en 19 aislamientos de P. infestans obtenidos en plantas de papa (Solanum tuberosum) variedades Diacol Capiro, ICA Puracé e ICA Cumanday; papa criolla (Solanum phureja), pepino (Solanum muricatum) y tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum) en diferentes zonas del Departamento de Antioquia (Colombia).Los resultados obtenidos a partir de un apareamiento patrón A1, con los aislamientos colectados en las diferentes zonas sugieren la existencia de una población de P. infestans con un solo tipo de apareamiento. La prueba de virulencia del hongo, realizada en folíolos de 11 diferenciales de papa mostró la presencia de 6 razas fisiológicas, de las cuales la más frecuente fue la 7446 (58%), con los factores de virulencia 1-2-3-4-7-10-11. Aislamientos monozoospóricos presentaron los mismos factores de virulencia que sus respectivos aislamientos recolectados en el campo, lo que sugiere homogeneidad de la población fungosa. La gran complejidad de las razas fisiológicas de P. infestans podría estar influenciada por diversos factores genéticos y medioambientales.Aceptado para publicación: mayo 1997.
Una Nueva Plaga Potencial de Papa en Argentina, Maecolaspis bridarollii (Bechyné) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae)
Authors: Cabrera Nora , Alvarez Castillo Héctor A. , López Alicia N. , Vincini Ana 
Published: May 2020

En muestreos realizados en cultivos de papa en el sudeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina), se registró la presencia de un crisomélido eumolpino del género Maecolaspis (Bechyné) que ocasionaba severos daños en los tubérculos. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron: identificar al adulto, aportar datos sobre su bionomía y características del daño que produce. Como resultado se cita por primera vez a Maecolaspis bridarollii (Bechyné) en este cultivo; se redescribe y se aportan nuevos caracteres discriminatorios. Se observó que, a partir de mediados de marzo, las larvas que alcanzaron un mayor desarrollo, dañan los tubérculos, haciéndoles perforaciones profundas que desmejoran su calidad comercial.Aceptado para publicación: abril 1997.
Avaliação de Genótipos de Batata Mantidos por Pequenos Produtores do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Da Silva Souza Zilmar 
Published: May 2020

Estado de Santa Catarina, localizado no sul do Brasil, possui diferentes condições climáticas que possibilita o cultivo da batata o ano todo. Existem diferentes épocas de plantios, colheitas e de níveis tecnológicos. Um grande número de pequenos produtores plantam para autoabastecimento ecomercializam parte da produção nos mercados locais. Eles utilizam baixo nível de tecnologia e usam a mesma batatasemente ha muitas gerações. Nestas pequenas lavouras existem muitos genótipos de origem pouco conhecida ou misturadas às cultivares comerciais. Este trabalho foi conduzidona Estação Experimental de São Joaquim / EPAGRI de 1988 a 1993, com o objetivo de avaliar as características de genótipos de batata coletados em pequenas lavouras e hortas domésticas. Um total de 350 genótipos aparentemente sadios, e aval lados sob media quantidade de fertilizantes e aplicação de defensivos agrícolas e sem irrigação. Dentre os 350 genótipos coletados, apenas 40 eram diferentes, e 21 deles apresentam potencial de uso comercial. No período 1992/93 foi realizada uma competição com 21 genótipos selecionados, sendo que a produção total variou de 22.3 t/ha a 66.1 t/ha, e a produção comercial (diâmetro maior que 45 mm) variou de 16.5 t/ha a 57.8 t/ha. Os genótipos SJ 89229, SJ 90428, SJ 82001 e SJ 90391 apresentaram produtividades similares as cultivares comerciais Baraka e Bintje. Alguns genótipos foram identificados como as cultivares Astrid e Porta de origem alema, Desiree holandesa e Tarpán polonesa. Os demais 19 genótipos selecionados sem valor comercial, mas com alta tolerância a doenças, pragas e condições de solo, serão mantidos para futuros trabalhos de melhoramento no sul do Brasil.Aceptado para publicación: Julio 1997.
Homomorphisms into Loop-Threshold Graphs
Authors: Cutler Jonathan , Kass Nicholas 
Published: May 2020

Many problems in extremal graph theory correspond to questions involving homomorphisms into a fixed image graph. Recently, there has been interest in maximizing the number of homomorphisms from graphs with a fixed number of vertices and edges into small image graphs. For the image graph $H_\text{ind}$, the graph on two adjacent vertices, one of which is looped, each homomorphism from $G$ to $H_\text{ind}$ corresponds to an independent set in $G$. It follows from the Kruskal-Katona theorem that the number of homomorphisms to $H_\text{ind}$ is maximized by the lex graph, whose edges form an initial segment of the lex order.
A loop-threshold graph is a graph built recursively from a single vertex, which may be looped or unlooped, by successively adding either a looped dominating vertex or an unlooped isolated vertex at each stage. Thus, the graph $H_\text{ind}$ is a loop-threshold graph. We survey known results for maximizing the number of homomorphisms into small loop-threshold image graphs. The only extremal homomorphism problem with a loop-threshold image graph on at most three vertices not yet solved is $H_\text{ind}\cup E_1$, where extremal graphs are the union of a lex graph and an empty graph. The only question that remains is the size of the lex component of the extremal graph. While we cannot give an exact answer for every number of vertices and edges, we establish the significance of and give bounds on $\ell(m)$, the number of vertices in the lex component of the extremal graph with $m$ edges and at least $m+1$ vertices.
On Absolute Points of Correlations of $\mathrm{PG}(2,q^n)$
Authors: D'haeseleer Jozefien , Durante Nicola 
Published: May 2020

Let $V$ be a $(d+1)$-dimensional vector space over a field $\mathbb{F}$. Sesquilinear forms over $V$ have been largely studied when they are reflexive and hence give rise to a (possibly degenerate) polarity of the $d$-dimensional projective space $\mathrm{PG}(V)$. Everything is known in this case for both degenerate and non-degenerate reflexive forms if $\mathbb{F}$ is either ${\mathbb R}$, ${\mathbb C}$ or a finite field ${\mathbb F}_q$. In this paper we consider degenerate, non-reflexive sesquilinear forms of $V=\mathbb{F}_{q^n}^3$. We will see that these forms give rise to degenerate correlations of $\mathrm{PG}(2,q^n)$ whose set of absolute points are, besides cones, the (possibly degenerate) $C_F^m$-sets studied by Donati and Durante in 2014. In the final section we collect some results from the huge work of B.C. Kestenband regarding what is known for the set of the absolute points of correlations in $\mathrm{PG}(2,q^n)$ induced by a non-degenerate, non-reflexive sesquilinear form of $V=\mathbb{F}_{q^n}^3$.
Spectrum of Signless 1-Laplacian on Simplicial Complexes
Authors: Luo Xin , Zhang Dong 
Published: May 2020

We introduce the signless 1-Laplacian and the dual Cheeger constant on simplicial complexes. The connection of its spectrum to the combinatorial properties like independence number, chromatic number and dual Cheeger constant is investigated. Our estimates can be comparable to Hoffman's bounds on Laplacian eigenvalues of simplicial complexes. An interesting inequality involving multiplicity of the largest eigenvalue, independence number and chromatic number is provided, which could be regarded as a variant version of Lovász sandwich theorem. Also, the behavior of 1-Laplacian under the topological operations of wedge and duplication of motifs is studied. The Courant nodal domain theorem in spectral theory is extended to the setting of signless 1-Laplacian on complexes.
Perfect State Transfer on Cayley Graphs over Dihedral Groups: The Non-Normal Case
Authors: Cao Xiwang , Chen Bocong , Ling San 
Published: May 2020

Recently, perfect state transfer (PST for short) on graphs has attracted great attention due to their applications in quantum information processing and quantum computations. Many constructions and results have been established through various graphs. However, most of the graphs previously investigated are abelian Cayley graphs. Necessary and sufficient conditions for Cayley graphs over dihedral groups having perfect state transfer were studied recently. The key idea in that paper is the assumption of the normality of the connection set. In those cases, viewed as an element in a group algebra, the connection set is in the center of the group algebra, which makes the situations just like in the abelian case. In this paper, we study the non-normal case. In this case, the discussion becomes more complicated. Using the representations of the dihedral group $D_n$, we show that ${\rm Cay}(D_n,S)$ cannot have PST if $n$ is odd. For even integers $n$, it is proved that if ${\rm Cay}(D_n,S)$ has PST, then $S$ is normal.
THE SECOND-HAND SMOKE IN PREGNANCY AND ITS IMPACT TOWARD LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IN DISTRICT OF ACEH BESAR, ACEH PROVINCE, INDONESIA
Authors: Ampera Miko  , Satrinawati Berkat  
Published: May 2020

Smoking does not only endangers the smokers themselves but will also harm the people around them. These are the non-smokers also called the passive smokers or second-hand smoke.In particular pregnant women who are the second-hand smoke can lead low birth weight (LBW) babies. This study aims to determine the impact of second- hand smoke in pregnancy toward LBW in the district of Aceh Besar in 2016. A case control study was done in district of Aceh Besar, Aceh province, Indonesia. The total sample was 120 neonates (1:1), 60 neonates were LBW (cases) and 60 neonates were normal weight (controls). Data collection was doneusing a questionnaire filled in by the parents. The univariate analysiswas described with percentages and the Wald-Wolfowithz run test was used for the bivariate analysis. The results showed that the majority of mothers had a good knowledge about the dangers of smoking, ie 91 or 75.8%. Most of the mothers had positive attitudes for male smokers. The smoking men are considered normal and acceptable, consisting of 73 mothers or 60.8%. All the mothers in this study were non-smokers (100.0%). The majority of the fathers were smokers, 88 or 73.3%, and most of them smoked around their pregnant wife, 55 fathers or 62.5%. The results of the bivariate analysis indicated there was a significant impact of the second-hand smoke toward the LBW (P value <0.05). It means, mothers as a second-hand smoke during pregnancy have a risk to born the LBW baby
PREVALENCE OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS (NSAIDs) USE IN MALAYSIAN ADULTS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS: A POPULATION-BASED SURVEY
Authors: S Maria Awaluddin  , Noor Ani Ahmad  , Balkish Mahadir Naidu  , Muslimah Yusof  , Mohamad Aznuddin Abd Razak  , Mohd Kamal Ariff Abdul Ghani  
Published: May 2020

Chronic use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with adverse effects. However, NSAIDs are among the most popular pain killers and easily available over the counter. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of NSAIDs use in Malaysian adults and among those with chronic diseases such as arthritis, kidney disease, hypertension, heart disease and asthma. It also examined the factors associated with NSAIDs use. Data from the National Health Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2011, a nation-wide survey was analysed. A total of 18231 respondents aged 18 years and above responded to this module. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between NSAIDs use and associated factors. The overall prevalence of NSAIDs use among Malaysian adults was 14.2% (95%CI 13.3-15.1). Of the respondents, 4.2% (95%CI 3.8-4.7) took NSAIDs once daily. NSAIDs use was highly associated with those who were ever-told to have arthritis (aOR: 3.03; 95%CI 2.60-3.52) and have difficulty of performing daily activities or work (aOR: 2.06; 95%CI 1.86-2.28). Those who were ever-told to have kidney disease (aOR: 2.36; 95%CI 1.74-3.20), ever-told to have asthma (aOR: 1.36; 95%CI 1.17-1.58), ever-told to have heart disease (aOR: 1.34; 95%CI 1.08-1.65), known hypertension (aOR: 1.22; 95%CI 1.08-1.37) also were associated with NSAIDs use. By socio-demographic profiles, NSAIDs use was positively associated with those who have government benefit scheme or private health insurance (aOR: 1.44; 95%CI 1.31-1.58), higher education level (aOR: 1.35; 95%CI 1.20-1.51), higher household income (aOR: 1.26; 95%CI 1.11-1.44, aOR: 1.12; 95%CI 1.02-1.24), currently working (aOR: 1.25; 95%CI 1.13-1.39) and female (aOR: 1.17; 95%CI 1.07-1.28). NSAIDs use was less likely among those aged 60 years and above (aOR: 0.83; 95% CI 0.72-0.97), Chinese (aOR: 0.41; 95% CI 0.36-0.47) and ‘Others’ ethnicity (aOR: 0.82; 95% CI 0.67-0.99) compared to Malay ethnicity. NSAIDs use is prevalent in Malaysian adults and associated with co-morbidities and higher socio-demographic status, thus appropriate awareness should be promoted and highlighted in the community.
PREVALENCE OF URINARY INCONTINENCE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DECLINED COGNITIVE AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION AMONG COMMUNITY DWELLING OLDER ADULTS: A REVIEW
Authors: Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh  , Resshaya Roobini Murukesu  , Suzana Shahar  
Published: May 2020

In this review we aimed to determine the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its association with declined cognitive and physical function among community dwelling older adults. Literature review was performed using multiple online databases including MEDLINE, Science Direct and Wiley Online Library from June 2000 to April 2017. Hand searching of bibliographies of relevant studies was also carried out. The studies included of those conducted from within the last 17 years; assessed and compared according to population characteristics, definition of urinary incontinence, prevalence and its association with cognitive and physical functional decline. Nine studies met the eligibility criteria of this review. Prevalence rates of UI among community dwelling older adults ranged from 10% to 53% (median 32%). Physical functional decline in terms of mobility, locomotion and activities of daily living interruptions were found to be correlated with UI. Although limited, the existing evidence also showed an association between declined cognitive function and UI.
Healthcare Workers Knowledge, Attitude, and Availability of Facilities Toward Compliance Hand Hygiene
Authors: Noprianty Richa , Thahara Gendis Kintan Dwi 
Published: May 2020

Failure to perform good hand hygiene is considered as an major cause of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs). From the WHO data, compliance rate of nurses hand hygiene activity at the United States is about 50%, Australia 65% while in Indonesia 47%. This study aims to determine healthcare workers knowledge, attitude, and availability of facilities toward that affect hand hygiene compliance. This research method is analytical descriptive with cross-sectional approach. The object of data collection is an healthcare workers (nurse, doctor, and pharmacy) at General Hospitalin West Java as many as 51 samples. Sample selection using stratified sampling method with research instrument in the form of questionnaire and observation sheet about knowledge and attitude to hand hygiene adopted from WHO. The results of this study that obtained in the group of nurse were 48.6% doing imperfect hand hygiene and group of doctor respectively 80.0% and pharmacy were 100.0%. In terms of nurses knowledge about hand hygiene is 59.5%, doctor80.0% and pharmacy 50.0%. In terms of attitudes about the implementation of hand hygiene, the nurses group is 48.6%, doctors respectively 40% and pharmacy 50.00% have a positive attitude. In terms of facilities is 40.5% nurses stated available, doctors 20% and pharmacy 0.00%. There was a significant relationship between hand hygiene with knowledge (p = 0,019), attitude (0.004) and hand hygiene facility (p = 0.040).

Keywords: attitude, hand hygiene, health care, knowledge
Effect of Instructional Program on Knowledge Regarding Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Among Female University Students
Authors: Gudia Amel Dawod Kamel , Eswi Abeer Saad , Hamid Azza Ali Abd El , Hassan Soumaya Mohamed 
Published: May 2020

Adolescents learn about Vulvo vaginal candidiasis (VVC) because its common clinical problem in female during this age throughout the world particularly in hot, subtropical climates. Annually in the United States there are approximately 13 million cases of vulvo vaginal candidiasis (VVC), resulting in 10 million gynecologic office visits per year. It is estimated that 75% of women will experience at least one episode in their lifetime, with a projected 50% of all female experiencing multiple episodes (Kamath, etal , 2014). Education in health is one of the key components of primary health care and one of the most vital health care requirements for female that must be considered much more in the primary health care system, particularly maternal and child health. Moreover Knowledge of how to prevent vaginal Candidiasis could save many female from frequent office visit, uncomfortable vaginal infections and prevent complications of it (Gilson, 2012). To assess the knowledge of female university students about (VVC) and examine the effect of instructional program on their knowledge regarding Vulvovaginal Candidiasis among female university students. A quasi-experimental design "time-series" will be utilized to achieve the aim of current study. The current study was conducted at Cairo University hostel were the female students were residing and selected from non medical faculties. A simple random sample of 100 female university students was recruited for this study. Two tools were used to collect the study data; structured interview tool, and "VVC" structured knowledge assessment interviewing tool. The current study findings revealed that, mean age of the participents was 20.18± 1.19 years. More than two thirds of them fell in the age range 20-24 years. Regarding menstrual characteristics among the participants, age range at menarche was 11-14 years with a mean of ± SD was (12.30±1.88) years, duration of menstruation ranged between 2-6 days with a mean of (4.23±1.25). The total mean knowledge score of (VVC) was 18.87 ± 7.83 out of /85 in the pretest; which indicated poor knowledge level and 81.20 ± 5.01 in posttest after two weeks from instruction program; which indicated good knowledge level that remain good knowledge in the post test ( 2) with a mean of 74.35± 6.68 after eight weeks from instruction program, and 62.85 ± 6.89 in the post test (3) after 12 weeks from weeks from instruction program; which indicated satisfactory knowledge level with high statistical significant differences (P = 0.001). The instructional program had positive effect on knowledge and awareness regarding (VVC) among female university students and this results hence the research hypotheses .
Keywords- instructional program, vulvovaginal candidiasis, female university students