bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacovigilance and radiologists: How well do they get along?
Authors: Aydin Ozlem Celik , Aydin Sonay , Guney Hakki Zafer 
Published: September 2020

Objectives: Considering the growing use of imaging modalities and contrast agents, radiologists are prone to encounter adverse drug reactions (ADR). In the current study, we mainly aim to evaluate the knowledge of radiologists regarding pharmacovigilance (PV). Also, we intend to gather information about their previous ADR experiences. Secondarily, we hope to increase the awareness about contrast-medium-related ADRs and attract attention to the importance of properly reporting these ADRs. Methods: A survey was generated by using an online survey webpage, and the relevant link was e-mailed to radiologists and radiology residents. The survey begins with a short explanation about the study. The second section contains questions about PV knowledge level, and the final section aims to gather information about the experienced ADRs. Results: The survey was completed by 202 participants. 65.3% stated that they were aware of PV. 24.8% of the participants said that they know the national PV program. 97% told that they knew the term ADR. 66.3% of the participants encountered an ADR. 53.7% of them reported these ADRs. 70.8% of them reported these ADRs to a clinician. Conclusions: Radiologists encounter ADRs almost as frequently as the other doctors. Their awareness about PV is similar with other healthcare professionals. They have fewer information about TUFAM and PvCPs. Radiologists generally prefer to communicate with a clinician about an ADR. Overall condition of radiologists about PV is quite similar with other healthcare professionals and education can improve it, as for the others. Advances in knowledge: Radiologists encounters ADRs almost as frequently as the other doctors. Overall condition of radiologists about PV is quite similar with other healthcare professionals and education can improve it, as for the others.
Protocol for PMA-Ethiopia: A new data source for cross-sectional and longitudinal data of reproductive, maternal, and newborn health
Authors: Zimmerman Linnea , Desta Selam , Yihdego Mahari , Rogers Ann , Amogne Ayanaw , Karp Celia , Wood Shannon N. , Creanga Andreea , Ahmed Saifuddin , Seme Assefa , Shiferaw Solomon 
Published: September 2020

Background: Performance Monitoring for Action Ethiopia (PMA-Ethiopia) is a survey project that builds on the PMA2020 and PMA Maternal and Newborn Health projects to generate timely and actionable data on a range of reproductive, maternal, and newborn health (RMNH) indicators using a combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal data collection. Objectives: This manuscript 1) describes the protocol for PMA- Ethiopia, and 2) describes the measures included in PMA Ethiopia and research areas that may be of interest to RMNH stakeholders. Methods: Annual data on family planning are gathered from a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of women age 15-49. Data on maternal and newborn health are gathered from a cohort of women who were pregnant or recently postpartum at the time of enrollment. Women are followed at 6-weeks, 6-months, and 1-year to understand health seeking behavior, utilization, and quality. Data from service delivery points (SDPs) are gathered annually to assess service quality and availability. Households and SDPs can be linked at the enumeration area level to improve estimates of effective coverage. Discussion: Data from PMA-Ethiopia will be available at www.pmadata.org. PMA-Ethiopia is a unique data source that includes multiple, simultaneously fielded data collection activities. Data are available partner dynamics, experience with contraceptive use, unintended pregnancy, empowerment, and detailed information on components of services that are not available from other large-scale surveys. Additionally, we highlight the unique contribution of PMA Ethiopia data in assessing the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on RMNH.
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children - A resource for COVID-19 research: Questionnaire data capture May-July 2020
Authors: Northstone Kate , Smith Daniel , Bowring Claire , Wells Nicholas , Crawford Michael , Haworth Simon , Timpson Nicholas J. 
Published: September 2020

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective population-based cohort study which recruited pregnant women in 1990-1992 and has followed these women, their partners and their offspring ever since. The study reacted rapidly to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, deploying an online questionnaire early on during lockdown (from 9th April to 15th May). In late May 2020, a second questionnaire was developed asking about physical and mental health, lifestyle and behaviours, employment and finances. The online questionnaire was deployed across the parent and offspring generations between the 26th May and 5th July 2020. 6482 participants completed the questionnaire (2639 original mothers, 1039 original fathers/partners, 2711 offspring (mean age ~28 years) and 93 partners of offspring). 1039 new participants who did not respond to the first questionnaire deployed in April completed the second questionnaire. A positive COVID-19 was reported by 36 (0.6%) participants (12 G0 and 24 G1), 91 (1.4%; 35 G0 and 56 G1) reported that they had been told by a doctor they likely had COVID-19 and 838 (13%; 422 G0 and 416 G1) suspected that they have had COVID-19. Using algorithmically estimated cases based on symptoms, we estimate that the predicted prevalence of COVID-19 from mid-April to time of questionnaire completion was 3.1%. Data from both COVID questionnaires will be complemented with linkage to health records and results of biological testing as they become available. Data has been released as an update to the original dataset released in May 2020. It comprises: 1) a standard dataset containing all participant responses to both questionnaires with key sociodemographic factors and 2) as a composite release coordinating data from the existing resource, thus enabling bespoke research across all areas supported by the study. This data note describes the second questionnaire and the data obtained from it.
Natchez: Inclusão e Sabonetes
Authors: Da Costa Carlos Eduardo Félix , Aldouby Ayelet Danielle 
Published: September 2020

ste artigo apresenta o projeto desenvolvido durante residência artística na cidade de Natchez (Mississipi), a convite com National Endownment for the Arts, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation e XLab IDEAS durante o ano de 2017. As instituições possuem um programa que visa impactar positivamente em comunidades através de projetos artísticos. O resultado final deste processo foram duas instalações, que discutiram questões relacionadas à segregação racial, desaparecimento e autocuidado, em parceria com uma coligação conhecida como 100 Black Women.Palavras chaves: Coparticipação; Sabão; Magnólia; Pérolas.
A CONSTÂNCIA TEMPORAL DA CRIAÇÃO POR NEḤEḤ E DJET: UMA BREVE REFLEXÃO SOBRE A CONSTRUÇÃO CULTURAL DO TEMPO PARA OS ANTIGOS EGÍPCIOS
Authors: Marques Camara Giselle 
Published: September 2020

O estudo apresentado nesse artigo se debruça sobre o modo pelo qual a ideia de temporalidade no Antigo Egito pode ser compreendida por meio de sua corporificação na imagem de dois “deuses-princípios”: um deles manifestado pela polaridade feminina Djet e o outro pelo seu complemento masculino Neḥeḥ. Apesar de ambos os termos serem comumente traduzidos por “duas eternidades” ou “eternidade/tempo”, respectivamente, Djet parece encerrar um princípio estático, manifestando uma concepção de tempo que se confunde com espacialidade, enquanto Neḥeḥ expressa a ideia dinâmica dos ciclos ininterruptos da natureza. Além de buscar expor de uma maneira objetiva o universo de sentido expresso pelo par, por meio de uma literatura sobre o tema já consagrada, o breve estudo busca lançar novos questionamentos sobre a interação de tais princípios cósmicos geradores de tempo.
A Method for Detecting Abnormal Changes in the Temperature Field of Grain Bulk Based on HSV Features of Cloud Maps
Authors: Hongwei Cui , Wu Wenfu , Wu Zidan , Han Feng 
Published: September 2020

HighlightsAbnormal grain temperature changes were detected by calculating the similarity of HSV features in cloud maps.The F-measures were higher for the improved method than for methods based on HSV and LBP feature similarity.The improved method can detect abnormal heating of grain due to mold activity or spoilage and the fluctuation in grain temperature caused by aeration.The temperature field of the grain bulk in adjacent time periods has high similarity during normal storage.Abstract. Analyses of grain temperature data are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and thorough analyses are difficult to perform. This article proposes an improved method based on the hue, saturation, and value (HSV) color feature similarity of temperature field cloud maps to detect abnormal changes in grain temperature. Historical grain temperature data are preprocessed to generate temperature field cloud maps. The improved method based on HSV feature similarity is used to calculate the similarity of temperature field cloud maps for two successive days during normal storage, and a similarity threshold is set. Five types of grain bulk temperature anomalies are then simulated. Additionally, a comparative experiment is carried out that considers traditional methods based on HSV feature similarity and local binary pattern (LBP) feature similarity. The results show that the average recall rates of the F-measures of the improved method, the traditional method based on HSV feature similarity, and the method based on LBP feature similarity are 96.2%, 89.3%, and 95.4%, respectively, and the processing speeds are 340, 300, and 690 ms per group, respectively. Finally, an abnormal grain temperature experiment is carried out. The experimental results show that the improved method can detect sudden changes in the temperature field due to mold activity or spoilage and the fluctuations in grain temperature caused by aeration. Keywords: Grain storage, HSV feature, LBP feature, Similarity, Temperature.
Evaluation of Infrared Canopy Temperature Data in Relation to Soil Water-Based Irrigation Scheduling in a Humid Subtropical Climate
Authors: Lena Bruno P. , Ortiz Brenda V. , Jiménez-Lópe Andres F. , Sanz-Sáez Álvaro , O’Shaughnessy Susan A. , Durstock Mary K. , Pate Greg 
Published: September 2020

HighlightsCorn response to irrigation was influenced by the precipitation distribution in 2018 and 2019, and that impacted the response of CWSI as an irrigation scheduling signaling method.CWSI was sensitive to changes in soil water storage, increasing due to crop evapotranspiration and decreasing after a precipitation or irrigation event.In 2018, both seasonal CWSI and yield were not different among the irrigation treatments, while in 2019, seasonal CWSI and yield were all statistically different among the treatments evaluated.Post analysis of canopy and air temperature indicated that the temperature-time threshold (TTT) method might not appropriately signal crop water stress in a humid environment.Abstract. Irrigation scheduling based on the crop water stress index (CWSI) and temperature-time threshold (TTT) methods is promising for semi-arid and arid climates. The objective of this study was to investigate if CWSI and TTT methods could be used as irrigation signaling tools for a humid environment in the southeastern U.S. Corn canopy temperature data were collected in Alabama in 2018 and 2019 using infrared leaf temperature sensors on a fully irrigated treatment and on two limited irrigation treatments. A set of three soil water sensors installed at 0.15, 0.3, and 0.6 m soil depth were used to prescribe irrigation time and amount. CWSI was sensitive to precipitation, irrigation, and plant water uptake. No statistical differences in CWSI or yield among the three irrigation levels were found in 2018 when precipitation was well distributed during the season. In contrast, during 2019 both CWSI and yield differed significantly among the three irrigation treatments. Precipitation events in 2019 were sparse compared to 2018; therefore, irrigation promoted greater differences in water availability between treatments. Inconsistencies observed in potential irrigation signaling using the TTT method with or without the inclusion of a limiting relative humidity algorithm indicate that the TTT method may not be a reliable irrigation signaling tool for humid environments. Keywords: Corn yield, Crop water stress index, Irrigation scheduling, Limiting relative humidity, Soil water depletion, Temperature-time threshold.
Are Crop Coefficients for SDI Different from Those for Sprinkler Irrigation Application?
Authors: Evett Steven R. , Marek Gary W. , Colaizzi Paul D. , Brauer David , Howell Terry A. 
Published: September 2020

HighlightsCrop coefficients for SDI scheduling for grain corn should be reduced by ~10% from those used for sprinkler irrigation.FAO 56 methods to calculate crop coefficients for surface drip irrigation under full-cover plastic mulch were applicable to SDI.A recent drought-resistant corn hybrid appeared to begin rapid leaf area development about 10 days earlier than older hybrids.A recent drought-resistant corn hybrid appeared to finish earlier than older hybrids by about 15 days.Abstract. Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) has become an important irrigation application method in the U.S. Southern High Plains where pan evaporation exceeds 2,400 mm per year. Early research comparing SDI with spray sprinklers showed that SDI was over-applied when scheduling irrigations using crop coefficients developed using sprinkler irrigation. Thus, crop coefficients developed using SDI may be smaller than those developed using sprinkler irrigation. Grain corn was grown for two years on large, precision weighing lysimeters at Bushland, Texas, with two lysimeters irrigated by SDI and two by mid-elevation spray (MESA) irrigation. Data used in this study were for fields irrigated to replenish soil water in the top 1.5 m of the soil to field capacity, as indicated by weekly neutron probe readings (100% replenishment). Crop coefficients developed for SDI (Kc_SDI) were compared with those developed for MESA (Kc_MESA) using ASCE standardized reference ET equations. The value of Kc_SDI ranged from 0.83 to 0.89 of Kc_MESA for the two years. Values of Kc_SDI remained consistently less than Kc_MESA even after maximum leaf area index was reached, indicating that considerable evaporative loss from the soil surface occurred with MESA irrigation even after full canopy cover. When we shortened the initial period after planting from 30 to 20 d and followed FAO 56 recommendations for surface drip irrigation under full-cover plastic mulch, we calculated basal Kc (Kcb) values (ETo basis) that were reasonably close to our Kc values for SDI for the crop development and early mid-season periods but were greater than our data for the later mid-season and late season periods. Keywords: Crop coefficient, FAO56, MESA, SDI, Sprinkler irrigation, Subsurface drip irrigation.
Manipulation of infrared dispersive waves in customized microstructured optical fibers for 1.7 and 2.0  µm light sources
Authors: Bose Surajit , Harshavardhan Reddy P. , Fan Jintao , Demircan Ayhan , Ruehl Axel , Morgner Uwe , Roy Samudra , Pal Mrinmay , Bhadra Shyamal K. , Ghosh Debashri 
Published: September 2020

We demonstrate the controllable generation of infrared dispersive waves (DWs) from customized, in-house fabricated silica microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) by manipulating the location of zero dispersion wavelength (ZDW) through the structure of the fibers. The highly enriched shaping mechanism of arrested soliton in the MOFs with two ZDWs provides a technique for efficient energy transfer into the targeted eye-safe wavelengths at 1.7 and 2.0 µm by the virtue of DW formation.
Broadband/multiband absorption through surface plasmon engineering in graphene-wrapped nanospheres
Authors: Raad Shiva Hayati , Atlasbaf Zahra 
Published: September 2020

In this paper, a thin film constructed by a periodic assembly of graphene-wrapped particles with spherical geometry has been proposed as a polarization-insensitive reconfigurable perfect absorber. The performance of the proposed structure is based on the cooperative excitation of the quadrupole localized surface plasmons on graphene shells. By sweeping the quality of graphene shells, it is recognized that the low-quality graphene material is the best choice for the absorber design. Moreover, the effect of graphene chemical potential and periodicity of the particles on the absorptivity of the structure is investigated. The physical mechanism of performance is clarified by investigating the excited localized surface plasmon resonances. In addition, the angle-independent behavior up to around 60 degrees for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves is proved. Interestingly, by engineering the substrate height, our proposed absorber exhibits dynamic broadband performance due to the impedance matching and multiband absorption by enhancing the Fabry–Perot resonances of a micrometer-sized substrate. The possibility of attaining a similar static broadband response by stacking multiple layers is also proved. Our proposed sub-wavelength absorber can be suitable for novel optoelectronic devices due to its simple geometry.
Evaluation of systematic errors for the continuous-wave NO2 differential absorption lidar employing a multimode laser diode
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Zhang Zhen , Kong Zheng , Yang Chenguang , Gong Zhenfeng , Liu Kun , Mei Liang 
Published: September 2020

The

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-differential absorption lidar (

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) technique has been of great interest for atmospheric

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profiling. Comprehensive studies on measurement errors in the

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technique are vital for the accurate retrieval of the

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concentration. This work investigates the systematic errors of the recently developed continuous-wave (CW)

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technique based on the Scheimpflug principle and a high-power CW multimode laser diode. Systematic errors introduced by various factors, e.g., uncertainty of the

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differential absorption cross-section, differential absorption due to other gases, spectral drifting of the

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wavelengths, wavelength-dependent extinction and backscattering effect, have been theoretically and experimentally studied for the CW-DIAL technique. By performing real-time spectral monitoring on the emission spectrum of the laser diode, the effect of spectral drifting on the

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differential absorption cross-section is negligible. The temperature-dependent

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absorption cross-section in the region of 220–294 K can be interpolated by employing a linear fitting method based on high-precision absorption spectra at 220, 240, and 294 K. The relative error for the retrieval of the

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concentration is estimated to be less than 0.34% when employing the interpolated spectrum. The primary interference molecule is found to be the glyoxal (CHOCHO), which should be carefully evaluated according to its relative concentration in respect to

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. The systematic error introduced by the backscattering effect is subjected to the spatial variation of the aerosol load, while the extinction-induced systematic error is primarily determined by the difference between the aerosol extinction coefficients at

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wavelengths. A case study has been carried out to demonstrate the evaluation of systematic errors for practical

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monitoring. The comprehensive investigation on systematic errors in this work can be of great value for future

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monitoring using the DIAL technique.
Long-term Declines in the Size of Northern Fulmar (<i>Fulmarus glacialis</i>) Colonies on Eastern Baffin Island, Canada
Authors: Mallory Mark L. , Dey Cody J. , McIntyre Jessie , Pratte Isabeau , Mallory Carolyn L. , Francis Charles M. , Black Amie L. , Geoffroy Catherine , Dickson Rian , Provencher Jennifer F. 
Published: September 2020

We censused three colonies of Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) along eastern Baffin Island, Canada, that were estimated to support 155 000 breeding pairs in 1973, but had not been adequately counted since then. The colonies were surveyed in July and August 2018 using photographs taken from a helicopter or a drone. The combined estimated colony sizes were 36 500 pairs, much smaller than historical estimates. Although the 1973 estimates were coarse, this difference represents an apparent 3+% annual decline in numbers at each colony over approximately four decades or more than 87% over three generations (66 years). Several factors may be contributing to these declines, including changes in winter food supplies and the susceptibility of fulmars to fisheries bycatch. We recommend efforts to survey the remaining major fulmar colonies in Arctic Canada to assess the overall population size and trends, and allow for further analyses of potential population drivers.
Análisis de expansión de una microrred en una zona no interconectada
Authors: Bueno Lopez Maximiliano , González Cely Daniel Nicolás , Muñoz Rincón Alejandro 
Published: September 2020

Contexto: La utilizacion de microrredes en zonas no interconectadas se ha convertido en la unica alternativa que tiene las personas que habitan estas regiones para acceder al servicio de energía eléctrica. Debido a esto se hace necesariooptimizar la utilización de estos sistemas y en caso que sea posible expandir las ya existentes para aumentar la cobertura y de esta manera apoyar el cumplimiento del objetivo de desarrollo sostenible numero 7 planteado por las naciones unidas: Energía asequible y no contaminante.
Metodología: En este artículo se presenta dos casos de expansión para una microrred basada en un sistema de generación fotovoltaica que se encuentra en una zona no interconectada de Colombia. Se realiza el análisis de generación eléctrica del sistema mediante Matlab/Simulink y el análisis de pequeña señal para verificar la estabilidad es ejecutado a través de Neplan. Con base en lo anterior se logra establecer una metodología que permite definir la capacidad de expansión de una microrred.
Resultados: A partir del análisis de estabilidad de pequeña señal realizado en Neplan se obtiene los valores propios del sistema, tanto de la microrred actual como de los dos casos de expansión, esto con el fin de garantizar la estabilidad en la microrred ante tres escenarios diferentes; cargas no lineales, aumento de potencia demandada y generada.
Conclusiones:
En los sistemas de generación solar fotovoltaica ubicados en zonas no interconectadas y operando en modo isla los inversores influyen en la estabilidad de frecuencia considerablemente, debido a que la reducida inercia en estos sistemas conduce a una variación más rápida de este parámetro. Es por esto por lo que el análisis de estabilidad de pequeña señal es el método indicado para estudiar el comportamiento de microrredes ante variaciones de potencia demanda y generada, particularmente en los sistemas que operan en las zonas no interconectadas, porque ante pequeñas perturbaciones es posible identificar los cambios en la dinámica del sistema.