bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayedright-Sided Diaphragmatic Rupture after Blunt Chest Trauma: A Rarity
Authors: Miner Njem Josiah , Dung Nehemiah Joshua , Mangai Ngeh Audu , Benjamin Ugwu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Traumatic injuries of the diaphragm are relatively uncommon, as such are frequently missed, especially when it occurs following blunt trauma and on the right side. These injuries often occurred in the setting of polytrauma, as such other obvious injuries tend to mask the diaphragmatic injuries thus resulting in delayed or missed diagnosis. We report the case of a 45 year old man with delayed right-sided diaphragmatic rupture following blunt trauma, who had trans-thoracic open repair with complete relief of symptoms. Although right diaphragmatic rupture is uncommon because of the cushioning effect of the liver, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of persistent right sided chest pain in a patient that has sustained previous chest trauma, no matter how remote the history might be.
Experimental evaluation of ecological principles to understand and modulate the outcome of bacterial strain competition in gut microbiomes
Authors: Munoz Rafael R. Segura , Mantz Sara , Martinez Ines , Schmaltz Robert J. , Walter Jens , Ramer-Tait Amanda E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
It is unclear if coexistence theory can be applied to gut microbiomes to understand their characteristics and modulate their composition. Through strictly controlled colonization experiments in mice, we demonstrated that strains of Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides vulgatus could only be established if microbiomes were devoid of exactly these species. Strains of A. muciniphila showed strict competitive exclusion, while B. vulgates strains coexistedbut populations were still influenced by competitive interactions. Priority effects were detected for both species as strains’ competitive fitness increased when colonizing first. Based on these observations, we devised a subtractive strategy for A. muciniphila using antibiotics and demonstrated that a strain from an assembled community can be stably replaced by another strain. Altogether, these results suggest that aspects of coexistence theory, e.g., niche partitioning and the impact of priority effects on fitness differences, can be applied to explain ecological characteristics of gut microbiomes and modulate their composition.
The use of the Hungarian Test Your Memory (TYM-HUN), MMSE, and ADAS-Cog tests for patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in a Hungarian population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Garbóczy Szabolcs , Magócs Éva , Szőllősi Gergő , Harsányi Szilvia , Anikó Égerházi , Kolozsvári László 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUNDMild cognitive impairment (MCI) often presages the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accurate and early identification of cognitive impairment will substantially reduce the burden on the family and alleviate the costs for the whole society. There is a need for testing methods that are easy to perform even in a general practitioner’s office, inexpensive and non-invasive, which could help the early recognition of mental decline. We have selected the Test Your Memory (TYM), which has proven to be reliable for detecting AD and MCI in several countries. Our study was designed to test the usability of the Hungarian version of the TYM (TYM-HUN) comparing with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) in MCI recognition in the Hungarian population.METHODSTYM test was translated and validated into Hungarian (TYM-HUN) in a previous study. The TYM-HUN test was used in conjunction with and compared with the MMSE and the ADAS-Cog. For our study, 50 subjects were selected: 25 MCI patients and 25 healthy controls (HC). Spearman’s rank correlation was used to analyse the correlation between the scores of MMSE and ADAS-Cog with TYM-HUN and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established.RESULTSMCI can be distinguished from normal aging using TYM-HUN. We established a 'cut-off' point of TYM-HUN (44/45points) where optimal sensitivity (80%) and specificity (96%) values were obtained to screen MCI. The total TYM-HUN scores significantly correlated with the MMSE scores (ρ=0.626; p<0.001) and ADAS-Cog scores (ρ=-0.723; p<0.001).CONCLUSIONSOur results showed that the TYM-HUN is a reliable, fast, self-administered questionnaire with the right low threshold regarding MCI and can be used for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment.
Comparative transcriptome&nbsp;analysis&nbsp;of genes involved in the drought stress response of two&nbsp;peanut&nbsp;(Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties
Authors: Jiang Chunji , Li Xinlin , Zou Jixiang , Ren Jingyao , Jin Chunyi , Zhang He , Yu Haiqiu , Jin Hua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The peanut is one of the most important oil crops worldwide. Qualities and yields of peanut can be dramatically diminished by abiotic stresses particularly by drought. Therefore, it would be beneficial to gain a comprehensive understanding on peanut drought-responsive transcriptional regulatory activities, and hopefully to extract critical drought-tolerance-related molecular mechanism from it.Results: In this study, two peanut Arachis hypogaea L. varieties, NH5 (tolerant) and FH18 (sensitive), which show significantly differential drought tolerance, were screened from 23 main commercial peanut cultivars and used for physiological characterization and transcriptomic analysis. NH5 leaves showed higher water and GSH contents, faster stomatal closure, and lower relative conductivity (REC) than FH18. Under the time-course of drought-treatments 0 h (CK), 4 h (DT1), 8 h (DT2) and 24 h (DT3), the number of down-regulated differential expressed genes (DEGs) increased with the progression of treatments indicating repressive impacts on transcriptomes by drought in both peanut varieties.Conclusions: Nevertheless, NH5 maintained more stable transcriptomic dynamics than FH18. Furthermore, annotations of identified DEGs implicate signal transduction, the elimination of reactive oxygen species, and the maintenance of cell osmotic potential which are key drought-tolerance-related pathways. Finally, evidences from the examination of ABA and SA components suggested that the fast stomatal closure in NH5 was likely mediated through SA rather than ABA signaling. In all, these results have provided us a comprehensive overview of peanut drought-responsive transcriptomic changes, which could serve as solid foundation for further identification of the molecular drought-tolerance mechanism in peanut and other oil crops.
Evaluation of Maternal Death Surveillance and Response System in Dewachefa District, Oromia Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2018
Authors: Tariku Mengistie , Misikir Sewnet Wongiel , Bantie Simachew Animen , Belete Abebe Habtamu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Maternal death surveillance and response (MDSR) is the “litmus test” of the health system that provides evidence for accomplishment and , provides information in real time and allows improvement towards catching all maternal mortalities. The aim of study was to evaluate maternal death surveillance and response system in Dewachefa.Methods: A cross sectional study design was conducted in two health centers, five health post, district health office and from these facilities 32 health workers were included. Data were collected through focal person, health worker and health extension worker interview by using checklist. Collected data were entered into Epi data version 3.1. These data were exported to statistical package for social science for analysis. Analyzed data were presented in the form of text, table and figures.Result: The average completeness of weekly report form of the district was 73.1%. Thirteen (59.1 %) of health professionals and 6(60%) of health extension workers had unsatisfactory knowledge on MDSR. All visited health facilities and Woredas focal person were trained. The system had under notification of maternal death from the community, poor involvement of health facility staff, and discordance of data between public health emergency management, and maternal and newborn health unit report. Establish rapid response team that includes maternal and child health staff’s maternal death review committees in all health facilities.
Induction chemotherapy for the individualised treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma with cervical oesophageal invasion: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Tian-qiao , Wang Ru , Fang Ju-gao , He Shi-zhi , Zhong Qi , Hou Li-zhen , Ma Hong-zhi , Chen Xiao-hong , Chen Xue-jun , Li Ping-dong , Feng Ling , Shi Qian , Lian Meng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of induction chemotherapy as an indicator of the management of advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma with cervical oesophageal invasion.Methods: Sixty-eight patients admitted to our hospital between February 2003 and November 2016 with stage IVB hypopharyngeal carcinoma with cervical oesophageal invasion were retrospectively analysed. Patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment they selected following an explanation of the different treatments available. Patients in Group A received induction chemotherapy and had (1) complete/partial remission following chemotherapy and radiotherapy/concurrent chemoradiotherapy or (2) stable disease following chemotherapy and surgery. Patients in Group B underwent surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy/concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan–Meier method, and differences between the groups were evaluated using the log-rank test. Laryngeal and oesophageal retention rates were compared using the cross-tabulation test.Results: The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 22.86% and 11.43% in Group A and 24.25% and 6.06% in Group B, respectively (all P > 0.05). The laryngeal and oesophageal retention rates were 40.0% and 74.3% in Group A and 0.0% and 27.3% in Group B, respectively (all P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of post-operative complications between the two groups (Group A: 8.6%, Group B: 12.1%; P > 0.05).Conclusions: Induction chemotherapy may be an appropriate first choice to ensure laryngeal and oesophageal preservation in the individualised treatment of advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma with cervical oesophageal invasion.
The effect of perineural dexamethasone on rebound pain after ropivacaine single-injection nerve block: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fang Jie , Shi Yuncen , Du Fang , Xue Zhanggang , Cang Jing , Zhang Xiaoguang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Rebound pain after a single-shot nerve block challenges the real benefit of this technique. We aimed to investigate whether perineural dexamethasone addition decreased the incidence of rebound pain after a single-shot nerve block.Methods: We randomly allocated 132 patients scheduled for open reduction internal fixation of an upper extremity closed fracture under single-shot peripheral nerve block and sedation into two groups. Patients in the dexamethasone group received nerve block with 0.375% ropivacaine and 8 mg dexamethasone, while those in the control group received ropivacaine only. Sixty-three patients in the dexamethasone group and 60 patients in the control group were analyzed for the incidence of rebound pain 48 h after block administration, which was the primary outcome. The secondary outcomes included the highest self-reported numeric rating scale (NRS) score, the pain intensity at 8 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after the block, sufentanil consumption, sleep quality on the night of surgery, patient satisfaction with the pain therapy, blood glucose at 6 h after the block, and pain and paresthesia at 30 days after surgery.Results: The incidence of rebound pain was significantly lower in the dexamethasone group (7 [11.1%] of 63 patients) than in the control group (28 [48.8%] of 60 patients; relative risk (RR) of 0.238, 95% CI 0.113-0.504, p=0.001). Dexamethasone decreased opioid consumption 24 h after surgery (p<0.001) and improved the sleep quality score on the night of surgery (p=0.01) and satisfaction with pain therapy (p=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that only group allocation was significantly associated with the occurrence of rebound pain[OR=0.062, 95% CI (0.015-0.256)]. Patients in the dexamethasone group reported later onset pain (19.7±6.6 h vs 14.7±4.8 h since block administration, mean±SD, p<0.001) and lower peak NRS scores [5 (3, 6) vs 8 (5, 9), median (IQR), p<0.001] than those in the control group.Conclusions: The perineural administration of 8 mg dexamethasone reduces rebound pain after a single-shot nerve block in patients receiving ORIF for an upper limb fracture.
Economic Impact of Improving Patient Safety Using Sugammadex for Routine Reversal of Neuromuscular Blockade in Spain
Authors: Martinez-Ubieto Javier , Aragón-Benedí Cristian , de Pedro José María , Cea-Calvo Luis , Baladron Alberto Morell , Jiang Yiling , Cedillo Sergio , Ramírez-Boix Paula , Pascual-Bellosta Ana 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Neuromuscular blocking (NMB) agents are often administered to facilitate tracheal intubation and prevent patient movement during surgical procedures requiring the use of general anesthetics. Incomplete reversal of NMB, can lead to residual NMB, which can increase the risk of post-operative pulmonary complications. Sugammadex is indicated to reverse neuromuscular blockade induced by rocuronium or vecuronium in adults. The aim of this study is to estimate the clinical and economic impact of introducing sugammadex to routine reversal of neuromuscular blockade (NMB) with rocuronium in Spain.Methods: A decision analytic model was constructed reflecting a set of procedures using rocuronium that resulted in moderate or deep NMB at the end of the procedure. Two scenarios were considered for 537,931 procedures using NMB agents in Spain in 2015: a scenario without sugammadex versus a scenario with sugammadex. Comparators included neostigmine (plus glycopyrrolate) and no reversal agent. The total costs for the healthcare system were estimated from the net of costs of reversal agents and overall cost offsets via reduction in postoperative pneumonias and atelectasis for which incidence rates were based on a Spanish real-world evidence (RWE) study. The model time horizon was assumed to be one year. Costs were expressed in 2019 euros (€) and estimated from the perspective of a healthcare system. One-way sensitivity analysis was carried out by varying each parameter included in the model within a range of +/-50%.Results: The estimated budget impact of the introduction of sugammadex to the routine reversal of neuromuscular blockade in Spanish hospitals was a net saving of €57.1 million annually. An increase in drug acquisition costs was offset by savings in post-operative pulmonary events, including 4,806 post-operative pneumonias and 13,996 cases of atelectasis. The total cost of complications avoided was €70.4 million. All parameters included in the model were tested in sensitivity analysis and were favorable to the scenario with sugammadex.Conclusions: This economic analysis shows that sugammadex can potentially lead to cost savings for the reversal of rocuronium-induced moderate or profound NMB compared to no reversal and reversal with neostigmine in the Spanish health care setting. The economic model was based on data obtained from Spain and from assumptions from clinical practice and could not be valid for other countries.
Targeted Protein Liposomes-Mediated AChE Gene Therapy for Effective Liver Cancer Treatment
Authors: Wang Kai , Shang Fusheng , Chen Dagui , Cao Tieliu , Wang Xiaowei , Jiao Jianpeng , He Shengli , Liang Xiaofei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Effective methods to deliver therapeutic genes to solid tumors and improve their bioavailability are the main challenges of current medical research on gene therapy. The development of efficient non-viral gene vector with tumor-targeting has very important application value in the field of cancer therapy. Proteolipid integrated with tumor-targeting potential of functional protein and excellent gene delivery performance has shown potential for targeted gene therapy.Results: Herein, we prepared transferrin-modified liposomes (Tf-PL) for the targeted delivery of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) therapeutic gene to liver cancer. We found that the derived Tf-PL/AChE liposomes exhibited much higher transfection efficiency than the commercial product Lipo 2000 and shown premium targeting efficacy to liver cancer SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. In vivo, the Tf-PL/AChE could effectively target liver cancer, and significantly inhibit the growth of liver cancer xenografts grafted in nude mice by subcutaneous administration. Conclusion: This study proposed a transferrin-modified proteolipid-mediated gene delivery strategy for targeted liver cancer treatment, which has a promising potential for precise personalized cancer therapy.
Genomic survey sequencing, development and characterization of single- and multi-locus genomic SSR markers of Elymus sibiricus L.
Authors: Xiong Yi , Lei Xiong , Bai Shiqie , Xiong Yanli , Liu Wenhui , Wu Wendan , Yu Qingqing , Dong Zhixiao , Yang Jian , Ma Xiao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Siberian wildrye (Elymus sibiricus L.) attracts considerable interest for grassland establishment and pasture recovery in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) due to its excellence in strong stress tolerance, high nutritional value and ease to cultivate. However, the lack of genomic information of E. sibiricus hampers its genetics study and breeding process.Results: In this study, we performed a genome survey and developed a set of SSR markers for E. sibiricus based on Next-generation sequencing (NGS). We generated 469.17 Gb clean sequence which is 58.64× of the 6.86 Gb estimated genome size. We assembled a draft genome of 4.34 Gb which has 73.23% repetitive elements, a heterozygosity ratio of 0.01% and GC content of 45.68%. Based on the gnomic sequences we identified 67,833 SSR loci and from which four hundred were randomly selected to develop markers. Finally, 30 markers exhibited polymorphism between accessions and ten were identified as single-locus SSR. These newly developed markers along with previously reported 30 ones were applied to analyze genetic polymorphism among 27 wild E. sibiricus accessions. We found that single-locus SSRs are superior to multi-loci SSRs in effectiveness.Conclusions: This study provided insights into further whole genome sequencing of E. sibiricus in strategy selection. The novel developed SSR markers will facilitate genetics study and breeding for Elymus species.
Establishment and evaluation of an indirect ELISA for detection of antibodies to goat Klebsiella pneumonia
Authors: Chen Ruichang , Shang Hongqi , Niu Xiangyun , Huang Jin , Wang Huan , Miao Yongqiang , Sha Zhou , Zhu Ruiliang , Peng Duo , Hu Liping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Klebsiella pneumonia, a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the genus Enterobacter, causes many human and livestock diseases. Notably, infected goats may develop pneumonia, septicemia, which can lead to occasional death, resulting in great economic losses in goat-farming industry. However, there are little systematic methods for detection of goat Klebsiella pneumoniae in livestock production.Results: In this study, we developed a Klebsiella pneumoniae goat polyclonal antibody and established an indirect ELISA method to detect the Klebsiella pneumoniae. After screening and optimizing the conditions for detection, we determined the optimal working dilutions of the coated-bacterial antigen, the polyclonal antibody, and the enzyme-labeled secondary antibody that were 1:800 (2.99x107 CFU/ml), 1:6400, and 1:5000, respectively. The optimal condition of coating and blocking were both 4 °C for 12 h. The optimal dilution buffers of bacterial antigen, the antibodies, and the blocking buffer were 0.05 mol/L carbonate buffer, 1% BSA phosphate buffer, and 1.5% BSA carbonate buffer, respectively. The cut-off value was determined to be 0.28, and the analytical sensitivity was 1:800 (dilution of a positive sample). Furthermore, there was no cross-reaction between the coated antigen and goat serum positive for antibodies against other bacteria, indicating that indirect ELISA could detect Klebsiella pneumoniae specifically in most cases. The average coefficients of variation of intra-assay and inter-assay were 4.37% and 5.17% indicating favorable reproducibility of indirect ELISA. In the detection of clinical veterinary samples, the positive rate of indirect ELISA was 6.74%, higher than that of conventional agglutination assays. Conclusions: Taken together, we successfully established an indirect ELISA method for detecting antibodies against Klebsiella pneumoniae in goats, which can be applied in production.
Exosomal ANGPTL1 Attenuates Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis by Regulating Kupffer Cell Secretion Pattern and Impeding MMP9 Induced Vascular Leakiness
Authors: Jiang Kai , Chen Haiyan , Fang Yimin , Chen Liubo , Zhong Chenhan , Bu Tongtong , Dai Siqi , Pan Xiang , Fu Dongliang , Qian Yucheng , Wei Jingsun , Ding Kefeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Angiopoietin-like protein 1 (ANGPTL1) has been proved to suppress tumor metastasis in several cancers. However, its extracellular effects on the pre-metastatic niches (PMNs) are still unclear. ANGPTL1 has been identified in exosomes, while its function remains unknown. This study was designed to explore the role of exosomal ANGPTL1 on liver metastasis in colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods: Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation. The ANGPTL1 level was detected in exosomes derived from human CRC tissues. The effects of exosomal ANGPTL1 on CRC liver metastasis were explored by the intrasplenic injection mouse model. The liver PMN was examined by vascular permeability assays. Exosomal ANGPTL1 localization was validated by exosome labeling. The regulatory mechanisms of exosomal ANGPTL1 on Kupffer cells were determined by RNA sequencing. qRT-PCR, Western Blot, and ELISA analysis were conducted to examine gene expressions at mRNA and protein levels.Results: ANGPTL1 protein level was significantly downregulated in the exosomes derived from CRC tumors compared with paired normal tissues. Besides, exosomal ANGPTL1 attenuated liver metastasis and impeded vascular leakiness in the liver PMN. Moreover, exosomal ANGPTL1 was mainly taken up by KCs and regulated the KCs secretion pattern, enormously decreasing the MMP9 expression, which finally prevented the liver vascular leakiness. In mechanism, exosomal ANGPTL1 downregulated MMP9 level in KCs by inhibiting the JAK2-STAT3 signaling pathway.Conclusions: Taken together, exosomal ANGPTL1 attenuated CRC liver metastasis and impeded vascular leakiness in the liver PMN by reprogramming the Kupffer cell and decreasing the MMP9 expression. This study suggests a suppression role of exosomal ANGPTL1 on CRC liver metastasis and expands the approach of ANGPTL1 functioning.
Modeling water quality to determine a safe distance between cities: a case study in China
Authors: Jia Ning , Dong Xin , Liu Yi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Both the distance between the upstream and downstream cities and the capacity of urban water infrastructure would affect the water safety of the cities in the catchment. In this work, the concept of safe distance for urban growth was proposed. If the water quality between the upstream and the downstream cities can meet the functional requirements of the water environment, then the distance between the upstream and the downstream cities is safe. Taking two neighboring cities in the Yangtze River catchment as a case study, a distributed Cellular Automata (CA) model and a backpropagation (BP) neural network water quality model were used to discuss the safety distance between the two cities. The results provided some decision-making on urban sprawl control and rational urban development.