bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Veterinary antibiotic oxytetracycline’s effect on the soil microbial community
Authors: Danilova Natalia , Galitskaya Polina , Selivanovskaya Svetlana 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Antibiotics are widely used to treat animals from infections. After fertilizing, antibacterials can remain in the soil while adversely affecting the soil microorganisms. The concentration of oxytetracycline (OTC) in the soil and its effect on the soil microbial community was assessed. To assess the impact of OTC on the soil microbial community, it was added to the soil at concentrations of 50, 150, and 300 mg kg–1 and incubated for 35 days.

Results
The concentration of OTC added to the soil decreased from 150 to 7.6 mg kg–1 during 30 days of incubation, as revealed by LC-MS. The deviations from the control values in the level of substrate-induced respiration on the 5th day of the experiment were, on average, 26, 68, and 90%, with OTC concentrations at 50, 150, and 300 mg kg–1, respectively. In samples with 150 and 300 mg kg–1 of OTC, the number of bacteria from the 3rd to 14th day was 2–3 orders of magnitude lower than in the control. The addition of OTC did not affect the fungal counts in samples except on the 7th and 14th days for the 150 and 300 mg kg–1 contaminated samples. Genes tet(M) and tet(X) were found in samples containing 50, 150, and 300 mg kg–1 OTC, with no significant differences in the number of copies of tet(M) and tet(X) genes from the OTC concentration.

Conclusions
Our results showed that even after a decrease in antibiotic availability, its influence on the soil microbial community remains.
Hard-threshold neural network-based prediction of organic synthetic outcomes
Authors: Hu Haoyang , Yuan Zhihong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRetrosynthetic analysis is a canonical technique for planning the synthesis route of organic molecules in drug discovery and development. In this technique, the screening of synthetic tree branches requires accurate forward reaction prediction, but existing software is far from completing this step independently. Previous studies attempted to apply a neural network to forward reaction prediction, but the accuracy was not satisfying. Through using the Edit Vector-based description and extended-connectivity fingerprints to transform the reaction into a vector, this study focuses on the update of the neural network to improve the template-based forward reaction prediction. Hard-threshold activation and the target propagation algorithm are implemented by introducing mixed convex-combinatorial optimization. Comparative tests were conducted to explore the optimal hyperparameter set. Using 15,000 experimental reaction data extracted from granted United States patents, the proposed hard-threshold neural network was systematically trained and tested. The results demonstrated that a higher prediction accuracy was obtained than that for the traditional neural network with backpropagation algorithm. Some successfully predicted reaction examples are also briefly illustrated.
A Lock Free Approach To Parallelize The Cellular Potts Model: Application To Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Authors: Tomeu Antonio J. , Salguero Alberto G. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In the field of computational biology, in order to simulate multiscale biological systems, the Cellular Potts Model (CPM) has been used, which determines the actions that simulated cells can perform by determining a hamiltonian of energy that takes into account the influence that neighboring cells exert, under a wide range of parameters. There are some proposals in the literature that parallelize the CPM; in all cases, either lock-based techniques or other techniques that require large amounts of information to be disseminated among parallel tasks are used to preserve data coherence. In both cases, computational performance is limited. This work proposes an alternative approach for the parallelization of the model that uses transactional memory to maintain the coherence of the information. A Java implementation has been applied to the simulation of the ductal adenocarcinoma of breast in situ (DCIS). Times and speedups of the simulated execution of the model on the cluster of our university are analyzed. The results show a good speedup.
Teknologi Diversifikasi Produk Tahu di Desa Sumbersalak Kelurahan Kranjingan Kecamatan Sumbersari Kabupaten Jember Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga
Authors: Romadhona Sukron 
Published: April 2020

Salah satu Industri Rumah Tangga (IRT) Tahu yang berada di Kabupaten Jember adalah di Desa Sumbersalak, Kelurahan Kranjingan, Kecamatan Sumbersari. Terdapat 2 produsen tahu yang tergabung dalam 1 IRT, dengan rata-rata bahan baku produksi 25 kg/hari untuk tahu dan 20 kg/hari untuk olahan kedelai lainnya, dengan tenaga kerja 4-6 orang. Permasalahan yang dihadapi IRT Tahu ini adalah: (1) Suara dari mesin penggilingan kedelai yang sangat bising, yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan telinga pekerja dan sering mendapat komplain dari warga sekitar, dan (2) Limbah pengolahan tahu yang berbau sering membuat masyarakat merasa tidak nyaman. Solusi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan: (1) Observasi kegiatan produksi dan diskusi dengan produsen tahu untuk mengetahui permasalahan-permasalahan yang dihadapi dan yang dapat diatasi dan (2) Sosialisasi tentang peluang wirausaha produk olahan tahu dengan ibu-ibu yang berada di sekitar IRT tahu. Adanya pengabdian kepada masyarakat berbasis teknologi tepat guna ini diharapkan dapat: (1) Membantu IRT tahu dalam memperlancar kegiatan produksi, bahkan meningkatkan produksi, sehingga berpeluang untuk meningkatkan kapasitas industri yang pada akhirnya dapat menjadi lapangan pekerjaan bagi masyarakat sekitar, (2) membantu IRT untuk menurunkan polusi akibat aktivitas produksi sehingga tidak mengganggu kesehatan produsen, keluarga dan masyarakat sekitar, dan (3) Membantu masyarakat sekitar dan juga IRT Tahu dengan melakukan wirausaha prodak olahan tahu yang nilai jualnya akan lebih tinggi dan akan lebih besar jangkauan pasarnya.
Kata Kunci: Teknologi Tepat Guna, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Limbah Pabrik Tahu
Methods for producing permanent joints of aluminum and titanium alloys
Authors: Nemenenok B. M. , Rafalski I. V. , Lushchik P. E., , Radchenko A. A. 
Published: April 2020

Theresultsof the analysis of theoretical and experimental studies of methods for producing permanent joints of dissimilar metals and alloys are presented, as well as the advantages, implementation problems and prospects of using friction stir welding to join titanium and aluminum alloys. It is noted that most studies focus on friction stir welding of light metals such as aluminum, copper, magnesium and their alloys. Despite the great scientific and practical interest, the friction stir welding processes of alloys and metal-matrix composite materials based on aluminum and titanium have been studied less thoroughly and require additional attention.Giventhevarietyandcomplexityof friction stir welding, the lack of a correct assessment of the reactivity, properties and design features of aluminum and titanium alloys can lead to a number of problems associated with a change in the structure of materials and defects in the welding zone, which is accompanied by the inevitable deterioration of the mechanical characteristics of the finished joints.
Network Analysis, and Experimental Validation to Uncover the Mechanism of the Four Compounds in Artemisia annua (Qing Hao) Antimalarial
Authors: zhao yuping , Zhang Xiaobo , Xu Haiyu , Wang Ling , Huang Luqi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Artemisinin is widely used to anti malaria, but the antimalaria mechanism and coordinative interaction of Artemisinin, Scopoletin, Arteannuin B and Artemisic acid are not clear. Methods: Based on the existing of antimalarial drugs, the antimalaria targets of Artemisinin, Scopoletin, Arteannuin B and Artemisic acid were explored by molecular docking with the similarity theory of chemical structure, and then the the antimalaria mechanism of Scopoletin and its coordinative antimalaria interaction of the mixture with the three other ingredients. Results: Then through using the text information excavation's method, the relevance proteins of antimalaria effect of Artemisinin were IL-6, ACHE, PC3, IPOB, CYC, TNF-α, UGT1A9, CASP3, XDH, IL-1β, VEGF, CAT, CREB, AMPK, UGT1A6, ADR, MAPK, COX2, LB24AB and CYP450. Meanwhile, the relevance proteins of Scopoletin were TNF-α, PI3K, IL-8, IL- 6, VEGF, IL-1β, MAPK, CD4, SP2, CTNNB, CASP3, PRO1400, IgE, IL-4, ICAM1, p38, STAT3, TLR4 and API4. But Arteannuin B and Artemisic acid had a little relevance with the above proteins. The interaction characteristic between TNF-a and Artemisia annua was the effect of the mixture of Artemisinin, Scopoletin, Arteannuin B and Artemisic acid was greater than Artemisinin, and the synergistic effect of the four elements was found in the progress of antimalaria. Conclusion: Antimalarial target of Artemisia annua ingredients was explored with data mining methods, and the antimalarial effect of Scopoletin may be related to TNF. Combined application of the four elements could achieve the same antimalarial effect and reduce the clinical usage of Artemisinin and Scopoletin.
Optic Perineuritis and its Association with Rheumatic Connective Tissue Disease
Authors: Li Hongyang , Zhou Hang , Sun Jiao , Wang Huihui , Wang Yanling , Wang Zhenchang , Li Jing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective Analyze the etiology and clinical characteristics of optic perineuritis (OPN) in a Chinese patient population Methods Neuro-ophthalmological examination and a series of blood samples were used in this retrospective observational cohort study to compare characteristics of OPN with idiopathic demyelination optic neuritis (IDON). Results 44 OPN cases (74 eyes) and 61 IDON cases (78 eyes) were analyzed. The causes of OPN with CTD were Graves’ disease, Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG-4 RD), granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GAP), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sarcoidosis, Rheumatoid, scleroderma, Behcet's disease, and gout. Overall, 33 cases showed orbit fat infiltration. Specifically, 9 cases with IgG-4 RD showed trigeminal nerve branch involvement, 12 cases with Graves’ showed extraocular muscle belly enlargement, and 4 cases with GAP showed pterygopalatine fossa pseudotumor through orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Compared to IDON patients, OPN patients were older (p=0.004) and more likely bilateral involvement 26 (78.79%) patients had bilateral involvement in OPN group versus 17 (27.87%) in the IDON group (p<0.001). Visual acuity scores was better in OPN patients compared to those with IDON, 0.55±0.91versus 1.19±1.24 (p<0.001). 8 (13.11%) IDON patients also had multiple sclerosis (MS) and 7(11.48%) patients had neuromyelitis which was significantly more than the 0 patients in OPN group (p=0.04). Conclusions OPN had distinct etiologies and clinical characteristics from IDON and is more often associated with rheumatic CTD. Using OPN characteristics to diagnose CTD should prove useful for clinicians when presented with patients that have multiorgan dysfunction that include ophthalmologic findings.
Gender differences in 10746 open carpal tunnel releases – a national registry-based cohort study
Authors: Brogren Elisabeth Linda , Zimmerman Malin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is more common in women than in men. We aimed to investigate gender differences in perceived symptoms and disability before and after open carpal tunnel release (OCTR).Methods All (n=10746) OCTR’s in the Swedish National Quality Register for Hand Surgery (HAKIR) between 2010 and 2016 were included. Outcome was assessed with QuickDASH (short form of Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand) and 8 symptom-specific questions at baseline and 3 and 12 months postoperatively.Results There were 67% (7150/10746) women with a mean age of 55± SD 17 years (men 59±15 years). Preoperatively, women scored higher than men in QuickDASH (mean 54±21 vs. 44±21; p<0.0001). Postoperatively, higher QuickDASH scores were found in women >45 years of age compared to their male counterparts. Pain on load and weakness were scored higher by women than by men at all three time points. In the linear regression analysis, QuickDASH scores were higher among women; 10.2 points (95% CI 8.8-11.6; p<0.0001) preoperative, 6.4 (4.6-8.1; p<0.0001) at 3 months postoperative and 5.7 (3.5-7.9; p<0.0001) at 12 months postoperative, adjusted for age at surgery and diabetes. These differences disappeared when also adjusting for preoperative QuickDASH scores.Conclusion Women with CTS treated with OCTR rate their disability and symptoms higher than men before surgery, and these differences persist in women above 45 years after surgery, indicating more residual symptoms. Gender differences should be considered when evaluating patients with CTS.
FXR expression in a rat model of hilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Meng-yu , Wang Jie-ping , he Kai , Xia Xian-ming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
AIM: To develop a rat model of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and detect Farnesyl X receptor (FXR) expression in hilar cholangiocarcinoma tissues of this model, in order to provide a new method for the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats (body weight, 185 ± 5 g) were randomly divided into two groups (n = 20 each) as follows: The control group was fed a standard diet, and the experimental group was injected by cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cell suspension along the hilar bile duct into the bile duct bifurcation with microsyringe. Every day note the rats’ mental state, diet, and fur condition. At 4 weeks, one rat of the experimental group was sacrificed after it was administered anesthesia, and we recorded changes in hilar bile duct size, texture, and form. This procedure was repeated at 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, , hilar cholangiocarcinoma developed only in the experimental group, thereby establishing an experimental model for studying QBC939-induced hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Tumor formation was confirmed by pathological examination, and hilar bile duct tissues were harvested from both the groups. A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay and an immunohistochemical assay were used to analyze the expression of FXR in hilar cholangiocarcinoma and normal hilar bile duct tissues. RESULTS: From the second week, the rats in experimental group began to eat less, and their body mass decreased compared with controls. After 6 weeks, we detected hilar cholangiocarcinoma in 17 rats (85%) in the experimental group. In the experimental group with hilar cholangiocarcinoma, we found that the levels of total cholesterol, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin were higher compared with those of the control group. Simultaneously, muddy stones emerged from the bile ducts of rats in the experimental group. The FXR /Gapdh mRNA ratio in hilar cholangiocarcinoma and normal hilar bile duct tissues differed markedly (16 and 35, respectively). Light microscopy revealed a granular pattern of FXR expression which reacted with the anti- FXR antibody. Each section was randomly divided into six regions, with 80 cells were observed in every region. Sections with >10% positive cells were designated positive, Sections with <10% positive cells were designated negative. Each group included 4,800 cells. In the experimental group, 1,196 cells (24.9%) were positive and 3,538 cells (73.7%) were positive in the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 10.35, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: FXR expression significantly decreased in hilar cholangiocarcinoma of rats than in those of controls, suggesting that drugs targeting FXR may be a new strategy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Fault diagnosis of shield machine based on RFE and ELM
Authors: Liu Xuanyu , Qi Wenbo , Wang Yudong , Shao Cheng , Cong Qiumei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Shield machine is a complex large-scale tunneling equipment with multiple systems and driving sources. In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis for shield machine, a method based on the combination of reverse feature elimination (RFE) and extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed. For the characteristics of shield machine operation data with many dimensions and large quantity, the RFE method is introduced to reduce the dimension of data, eliminate the redundant dimension and remove the correlation between features. Considering the neural network has the slow speed and low efficiency of fault diagnosis, the ELM neural network classifier model is built based on the extremely learning mechanism for fault diagnosis of shield machine. The simulation results based on the field construction data show that this method improves the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis of shield machine significantly and has good engineering application value.
Clinical characteristics of survivors and non-survivors, medical and non-medical staff members with 2019-nCoV pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study
Authors: Hu Jiaxun , Lv You , Xu Ying , Miao Yushan , Wang Wei , Le Wenqing , Tang Hao 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives: In December 2019，the 2019 novel coronavirus ( 2019-nCoV ) emerged in Wuhan, China, leading to a cluster of severe pneumonia cases. Medical staff members on the front line were also infected. We compared the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment measures of survivors and non-survivors and the different clinical outcomes of medical staff members and non-medical members of the community infected with 2019-nCoV. Methods: We included 81 patients with adult 2019-nCoV in Hankou Hospital from mid-January to mid-February 2020 in this single-center retrospective study. Data were compared between survivors and non-survivors and between medical staff members and non-medical individuals. Results: All 38 medical staff members were infected by patients while working. Only 2 (2.5%) non-medical individuals had a clear history of exposure to 2019-nCoV patients. The median age was 49 years (interquartile range [IQR], 35-59; range, 23-89 years), and 42 (51.9%) were women. We found that the median age,comorbidity, and some laboratory outcomes(lymphocyte count, urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, etc.)differed significantly between survivors and non-survivors. There were also significant differences in the time from onset to admission, disease classification, comorbidity, and prognosis between medical staff members and non-medical individuals. All medical staff members were cured, while 13 (30.2%) non-medical individuals died. Conclusions: Older males with comorbidities are more likely to be affected by 2019-nCoV. Significant changes in some laboratory markers may indicate a poor prognosis. Medical staff members may have had better prognoses due to fewer comorbidities and better medical compliance. Key words: 2019-nCoV; Clinical characteristics; Mortality; comorbidity; Survivors; Non-survivors; Medical Staff
WITHDRAWN: Elucidation of the active compounds and molecular mechanisms of Smilacis Chinae Rhizoma for treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease based on network pharmacology and MMGBSA-docking
Authors: Zhang Yunsen , Zhao Zikuang , Wang Wenxiang , Li Qi , Chen Huimin , Li Xuanhao , Fan Gang , Zhang Yi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Smilacis Chinae Rhizoma (SCR) is widely used in the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). However, its active ingredients and the mechanisms against PID remain elusive. This study aimed to clarify the active ingredients and explore their molecular mechanisms on PID. Method Network pharmacology and MMGBSA-docking exploited the active compounds and mechanisms against PID, as well as validating the binding mode of candidate targets.Results Network pharmacology revealed 32 active compounds and 718 compound-related targets mapped to 91 pathways which were clustered 7 genres (e.g., immunoregulation). C-T-P network and PPI analysis illustrated 17 PID-related targets, indicating that SCR may decrease inflammation, ameliorate fibrosis, and inhibit microorganisms via bidirectionally regulating IL-17 signaling pathway. Furthermore, active compounds were uncovered that bound to prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, matrix metalloprotein-9, lipocalin, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, myeloperoxidase, and tumor necrosis factor. 19 active compounds (e.g., rutin (-66.43 kcal/mol), moracin M (-37.01 kcal/mol) and oxyresveratrol (-38.84 kcal/mol)) were found to show excellent binding free energy, demonstrating that H-bond, Pi electron cloud and electrostatic potential as the main binding ability to these targets. Conclusion Approach of network pharmacology and MMGBSA-docking revealed the active ingredients, such as rutin, moracin M, and oxyresveratrol, in SCR and dissected it exhibits the therapeutic eﬀects (e.g., decrease inflammation, ameliorate fibrosis, and inhibit microorganisms) of PID by the bidirectional regulation of IL-17 signaling pathway.
Aortic calcification in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: a cross-sectional case-control study
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Wang Qian , Luo Yuanyuan , Liu Yingshuang , Gao Song , Cong Wenbin , Li Hua , Li Hui , Sun Mingshu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Vascular calcification contributes to cardiovascular consequences in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondilytis (AS). This study was to evaluate the aortic calcification in RA and AS, and investigate possible risk factors. Methods: The in-patients with RA or AS were consecutively recruited from a general hospital. Control subjects were healthy population recruited from the same hospital. The aortic calcification score (ACS) was obtained by 256-slice spiral CT scanners using the Heart Beat-CS program (Philips Medical Systems, Cleveland Ohio, USA). Results: 146 RA patients, 97 AS patients and 200 controls were included. Serum triglyceride, cholesterol, urate, high and low density liptein cholesterols in RA or AS were all lower than that in controls. The ACS was higher in RA group than in AS and control groups. Only young (≤50 yrs) female AS had ACS higher than controls. Compared with the controls, RA increased the risk for aortic calcification by 4.72 (95% CI 2.78-7.99) fold after adjusted for age and sex. While AS in general, did not. Advanced age, male sex and elevated blood glucose were the risk factors for ACS in controls; advanced age, high C-reactive protein (CRP) and more co-morbidities were the risk factors in AS; and advanced age, long disease course, high DAS28(CRP) were risk factors in RA. Conclusions: Patients with RA or AS were more likely to develop aortic calcification compared with age and sex-matched healthy controls. Long disease course and high inflammatory criteria were risk factors, which advocate an intense control of disease associated systemic inflammation.