bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aerosol retrievals from different polarimeters during the ACEPOL campaign using a common retrieval algorithm
Authors: Fu Guangliang , Hasekamp Otto , Rietjens Jeroen , Smit Martijn , Di Noia Antonio , Cairns Brian , Wasilewski Andrzej , Diner David , Seidel Felix , Xu Feng , Knobelspiesse Kirk , Gao Meng , da Silva Arlindo , Burton Sharon , Hostetler Chris , Hair John , Ferrare Richard 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. In this paper, we present aerosol retrieval results from the ACEPOL (Aerosol Characterization from Polarimeter and Lidar) campaign, which was a joint initiative between NASA and SRON – the Netherlands Institute for Space Research. The campaign took place in October–November 2017 over the western part of the United States. During ACEPOL six different instruments were deployed on the NASA ER-2 high-altitude aircraft, including four multi-angle polarimeters (MAPs): SPEX airborne, the Airborne Hyper Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (AirHARP), the Airborne Multi-angle SpectroPolarimetric Imager (AirMSPI), and the Research Scanning Polarimeter (RSP). Also, two lidars participated: the High Spectral Resolution Lidar-2 (HSRL-2) and the Cloud Physics Lidar (CPL). Flights were conducted mainly for scenes with low aerosol load over land, but some cases with higher AOD were also
observed. We perform aerosol retrievals from SPEX airborne, RSP
(410–865 nm range only), and AirMSPI using the SRON aerosol retrieval algorithm and compare the results against AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) and HSRL-2 measurements (for SPEX airborne and RSP). All three MAPs compare well against AERONET for the aerosol optical depth (AOD), with a mean absolute error (MAE) between 0.014 and 0.024 at 440 nm. For the fine-mode effective radius the MAE ranges between 0.021 and 0.028 µm. For the comparison with HSRL-2 we focus on a day with low AOD (0.02–0.14 at 532 nm) over the California Central Valley, Arizona, and Nevada (26 October) as well as a flight with high AOD
(including measurements with AOD>1.0 at 532 nm) over a prescribed forest fire in Arizona (9 November). For the day with low AOD the MAEs in AOD (at 532 nm) with HSRL-2 are 0.014 and 0.022 for SPEX and RSP, respectively, showing the capability of MAPs to provide accurate AOD retrievals for the challenging case of low AOD over land.
For the retrievals over the smoke plume a reasonable agreement in AOD between the MAPs and HSRL-2 was also found (MAE 0.088 and 0.079 for SPEX and RSP, respectively), despite the fact that the comparison is hampered by large spatial variability in AOD throughout the smoke plume. A good comparison is also found between the MAPs and HSRL-2 for the aerosol depolarization ratio (a measure of particle sphericity), with an MAE of 0.023 and 0.016 for SPEX and RSP, respectively. Finally, SPEX and RSP agree very well for the retrieved microphysical and optical properties of the smoke plume.
Evaluation of two hydrometeorological ensemble strategies for flash-flood forecasting over a catchment of the eastern Pyrenees
Authors: Roux Hélène , Amengual Arnau , Romero Romu , Bladé Ernest , Sanz-Ramos Marcos 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. This study aims at evaluating the performances of flash-flood forecasts issued from deterministic and ensemble meteorological prognostic systems. The hydrometeorological modeling chain includes the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) forcing the rainfall-runoff model MARINE dedicated to flash floods. Two distinct ensemble prediction systems accounting for (i) perturbed initial and lateral boundary conditions of the meteorological state and (ii) mesoscale model physical parameterizations have been implemented on the Agly catchment of the eastern Pyrenees with three subcatchments exhibiting different rainfall regimes. Different evaluations of the performance of the hydrometeorological
strategies have been performed: (i) verification of short-range ensemble
prediction systems and corresponding streamflow forecasts, for a better
understanding of how forecasts behave; (ii) usual measures derived from a
contingency table approach, to test an alert threshold exceedance; and (iii) overall evaluation of the hydrometeorological chain using the continuous rank probability score, for a general quantification of the ensemble performances. Results show that the overall discharge forecast is improved by both ensemble strategies with respect to the deterministic forecast. Threshold
exceedance detections for flood warning also benefit from large
hydrometeorological ensemble spread. There are no substantial differences
between both ensemble strategies on these test cases in terms of both the
issuance of flood warnings and the overall performances, suggesting that
both sources of external-scale uncertainty are important to take into
account.
Does sleep influence weight gain during pregnancy? A prospective study
Authors: Balieiro Laura Cristina Tibiletti , Gontijo Cristiana Araújo , Fahmy Walid Makin , Maia Yara Cristina Paiva , Crispim Cibele Aparecida 
Published: February 2020

Objective The focus of this study was to evaluate the associations between subjective sleep quality and duration and weight gain during pregnancy.
Methods A prospective and longitudinal study was conducted with 63 pregnant women. Pregnant women were evaluated at the first, second and third trimester for subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]) and anthropometric variables for body mass index [BMI] calculation. The sleep quality was grouped per cluster, identifying those individuals who maintained, improved or worsened their sleep quality, based on the PSQI classifications. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to examine the association between sleep and BMI over the pregnancy period.
Results An effect of the interaction between time of pregnancy and clusters of sleep quality was observed on the BMI (p<0.05), which indicates that pregnant women who improved subjective sleep quality during pregnancy gained more weight from the second to third trimester, while those that worsened the subjective sleep quality gained more weight during the first to second trimester. Sleep duration was not associated with weight gain. However, pregnant women who maintained the same BMI category over the pregnancy period increased their sleep duration from the first to third trimester, while those that increased the BMI category slept the same amount of time during this period (median=1.0 [0.0-2.0] and median=0.0 [-2.0-1.0], respectively, p=0.039).
Conclusions The authors concluded that a worse subjective sleep quality seems to lead to an inadequate weight gain distribution during the period of pregnancy.
Cognition in multiple system atrophy: a single‐center cohort study
Authors: Eschlböck Sabine , Delazer Margarete , Krismer Florian , Bodner Thomas , Fanciulli Alessandra , Heim Beatrice , Heras Garvin Antonio , Kaindlstorfer Christine , Karner Elfriede , Mair Katherina , Rabensteiner Christoph , Raccagni Cecilia , Seppi Klaus , Poewe Werner , Wenning Gregor K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveCognitive impairment in multiple system atrophy (MSA) is common, but remain poorly characterized. We evaluated cognitive and behavioral features in MSA patients and assessed between‐group differences for MSA subtypes and the effect of orthostatic hypotension (OH) on cognition.MethodsThis retrospective study included 54 patients with clinical diagnosis of possible and probable MSA referred to the Department of Neurology at Medical University of Innsbruck between 2000 and 2018. Neurological work‐up included comprehensive neuropsychological testing including Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD‐plus) test battery, Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), digit span test (DST), clock drawing task (CLOX1), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS‐D).ResultsThe mean MMSE score was 27.6 points. Overall, slight to moderate cognitive impairment was noted in up to 40% of patients, with predominant impairment of executive function and verbal memory. Patients with the cerebellar variant performed significantly worse than patients with the parkinsonian type (P < 0.05) in a screening of executive functions (FAB) and in phonemic verbal fluency. Depression and anxiety scores were elevated in 28% and 22% of MSA patients, respectively. Cognitive profile, depression, and anxiety levels were comparable between patients with and without OH.InterpretationCognitive deficits are relatively frequent in MSA and primarily affect executive functions and verbal memory. Future comparative studies including Parkinson dementia, Lewy body disease, and MSA cases with and without OH are required to elucidate disease‐specific cognitive profiles in these synucleinopathies and to examine the influence of cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction on cognitive function in MSA.
Combining Efficiency and Stability in Mixed Tin–Lead Perovskite Solar Cells by Capping Grains with an Ultrathin 2D Layer
Authors: Wei Mingyang , Xiao Ke , Walters Grant , Lin Renxing , Zhao Yongbiao , Saidaminov Makhsud I. , Todorović Petar , Johnston Andrew , Huang Ziru , Chen Haijie , Li Aidong , Zhu Jia , Yang Zhenyu , Wang Ya‐Kun , Proppe Andrew H. , Kelley Shana O. , Hou Yi , Voznyy Oleksandr , Tan Hairen , Sargent Edward H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe development of narrow‐bandgap (Eg ≈ 1.2 eV) mixed tin–lead (Sn–Pb) halide perovskites enables all‐perovskite tandem solar cells. Whereas pure‐lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have advanced simultaneously in efficiency and stability, achieving this crucial combination remains a challenge in Sn–Pb PSCs. Here, Sn–Pb perovskite grains are anchored with ultrathin layered perovskites to overcome the efficiency‐stability tradeoff. Defect passivation is achieved both on the perovskite film surface and at grain boundaries, an approach implemented by directly introducing phenethylammonium ligands in the antisolvent. This improves device operational stability and also avoids the excess formation of layered perovskites that would otherwise hinder charge transport. Sn–Pb PSCs with fill factors of 79% and a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.95% are reported—among the highest for Sn–Pb PSCs. Using this approach, a 200‐fold enhancement in device operating lifetime is achieved relative to the nonpassivated Sn–Pb PSCs under full AM1.5G illumination, and a 200 h diurnal operating time without efficiency drop is achieved under filtered AM1.5G illumination.
Comprehensive preventive measures for leaf curl and fruit borer management in tomato
Authors: Pandey Rakesh , Chaturvedi A. K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important Solanaceous and remunerative vegetable crops. However, despite its value in fresh and processing markets, many farmers are concerned about pest resistance. Therefore, looking to the seriousness of pest menace particularly leaf curl and fruit borer, research is needed to reduce the chemical pressure and establish an ecological equilibrium in tomato fields. A combination of bio‐intensive pest management (BIPM) and chemo‐intensive pest management (CIPM) were followed trap crop marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) and yellow sticky traps to manage these pests during 2016–2017 and 2017–2018. The percent plant infestation with leaf curl (0.6–0.9) and fruit infestation with fruit borer (5.2–6.7) were observed in BIPM and CIPM. In these fields, the application of insecticides increased yields 30–38.3%. There was 47.1–56.8% higher net return in BIPM and 59.5–68.9% higher in CIPM than farmers’ practices. Similarly, benefit cost ratio was analyzed 2.5:3.6 in BIPM and 2.5:3.7 in CIPM.
Toll‐like Receptor 4 Signaling in Neurons Enhances Calcium‐Permeable AMPA Receptor Currents and Drives Post‐Traumatic Epileptogenesis
Authors: Korgaonkar Akshata A. , Li Ying , Sekhar Dipika , Subramanian Deepak , Guevarra Jenieve , Swietek Bogumila , Pallottie Alexandra , Singh Sukwinder , Kella Kruthi , Elkabes Stella , Santhakumar Vijayalakshmi 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTraumatic brain injury is a major risk factor for acquired epilepsies, and understanding the mechanisms underlying the early pathophysiology could yield viable therapeutic targets. Growing evidence indicates a role for inflammatory signaling in modifying neuronal excitability and promoting epileptogenesis. Here we examined the effect of innate immune receptor Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) on excitability of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and epileptogenesis after brain injury.MethodsSlice and in vivo electrophysiology and Western blots were conducted in rats subject to fluid percussion brain injury or sham injury.ResultsThe studies identify that TLR4 signaling in neurons augments dentate granule cell calcium‐permeable α‐amino‐3‐hydroxy‐5‐methyl‐4‐isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor (CP‐AMPAR) currents after brain injury. Blocking TLR4 signaling in vivo shortly after brain injury reduced dentate network excitability and seizure susceptibility. When blocking of TLR4 signaling after injury was delayed, however, this treatment failed to reduce postinjury seizure susceptibility. Furthermore, TLR4 signal blocking was less efficacious in limiting seizure susceptibility when AMPAR currents, downstream targets of TLR4 signaling, were transiently enhanced. Paradoxically, blocking TLR4 signaling augmented both network excitability and seizure susceptibility in uninjured controls. Despite the differential effect on seizure susceptibility, TLR4 antagonism suppressed cellular inflammatory responses after injury without impacting sham controls.InterpretationThese findings demonstrate that independently of glia, the immune receptor TLR4 directly regulates post‐traumatic neuronal excitability. Moreover, the TLR4‐dependent early increase in dentate excitability is causally associated with epileptogenesis. Identification and selective targeting of the mechanisms underlying the aberrant TLR4‐mediated increase in CP‐AMPAR signaling after injury may prevent epileptogenesis after brain trauma. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:497–515
Low‐Dimensional Dion–Jacobson‐Phase Lead‐Free Perovskites for High‐Performance Photovoltaics with Improved Stability
Authors: Li Pengwei , Liu Xiaolong , Zhang Yiqiang , Liang Chao , Chen Gangshu , Li Fengyu , Su Meng , Xing Guichuan , Tao Xutang , Song Yanlin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract1,4‐butanediamine (BEA) is incorporated into FASnI3 (FA=formamidinium) to develop a series of lead‐free low‐dimensional Dion–Jacobson‐phase perovskites, (BEA)FAn−1SnnI3n+1. The broadness of the (BEA)FA2Sn3I10 band gap appears to be influenced by the structural distortion owing to high symmetry. The introduction of BEA ligand stabilizes the low‐dimensional perovskite structure (formation energy ca. 106 j mol−1), which inhibits the oxidation of Sn2+. The compact (BEA)FA2Sn3I10 dominated film enables a weakened carrier localization mechanism with a charge transfer time of only 0.36 ps among the quantum wells, resulting in a carrier diffusion length over 450 nm for electrons and 340 nm for holes, respectively. Solar cell fabrication with (BEA)FA2Sn3I10 delivers a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.43 % with negligible hysteresis. The devices can retain over 90 % of their initial PCE after 1000 h without encapsulation under N2 environment.
Optimization of progressive freeze concentration on stormwater purification via response surface methodology
Authors: Ab Hamid Farah Hanim , Salim Siti Aquilah , Mat‐Shayuti Muhammad Shafiq 
Published: February 2020

AbstractShortages and lack of sources of clean water is a big issue nowadays. This problem happens because of the increment of population that leads to the amount of water usage increases at an alarming rate. Therefore, the sources of water must be explored in order to get a continuous supply of clean water. This paper recommends a new approach to get clean water, which is by purifying the stormwater via progressive freeze concentration (PFC). This method produces a single ice crystal block that contains high purity of water. This paper focuses on the optimization of two operating parameters, which are coolant temperature and operating time. In order to determine the effectiveness of this technology, effective partition constant (K) and concentration efficiency (Eff) were examined. Response surface methodology and central composite design were implemented to find the optimum operating conditions via Statistica software. The best responses for K and Eff obtained were 0.189 and 81.0%, respectively, with the optimum condition at coolant temperature of −8.9°C and operating time at 41.1 min. From the findings, it is proved that PFC has the capability to reduce the concentration of unwanted solute in stormwater and this process has a high potential to be an alternative approach to purify the stormwater.
Genetic differentiation among Atlantic island populations of the brown spiny lobster Panulirus echinatus (Decapoda: Palinuridae)
Authors: Gaeta Juliana , Acevedo Iván , López‐Márquez Violeta , Freitas Rui , Cruz Raúl , Maggioni Rodrigo , Herrera Rogelio , Machordom Annie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Declines in Panulirus echinatus Smith, 1869 populations along their wide distribution in the Atlantic Ocean have spurred efforts to improve their fisheries management and conservation. In this study, the genetic structure of these populations is reported for the first time.
In a survey of 18 species‐specific polymorphic microsatellite markers, 152 individuals were genotyped from five Atlantic oceanic islands, covering most of the insular distribution range of the species. The analyses revealed that P. echinatus is genetically partitioned into two stocks in the Atlantic Ocean. A highly significant genetic structure was observed between north‐east and south‐west Atlantic populations based on fixation index, discriminant analysis of principal components, and structure and barrier analysis.
We suggest that the Equatorial Circulation System represents a biophysical barrier that effectively limits migration among Atlantic subtropical gyre systems, as has been described for other species. Other physical and ecological barriers, such as the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge itself, the distance between the eastern and western sides of the Atlantic (Mid‐Atlantic Barrier) and water mass differences, as well as other biological aspects, may also influence larval dispersal and modulate the insular distribution of this species.
The results show the existence of two distinct genetic stocks of P. echinatus and have implications for fisheries management in the Atlantic Ocean, including their independent management according to their individual status. The Cabo Verde and the Canarian populations (north‐east Atlantic) showed the lowest level of genetic variability in comparison with the south‐western populations. A combination of factors that have occurred or are occurring in the Canary Islands, such as overfishing and volcanic eruptions, is likely to explain the reduced abundance of this lobster species in the area.
Control of Particle Size and Porosity in Continuous Fluidized‐Bed Layering Granulation Processes
Authors: Neugebauer Christoph , Bück Andreas , Kienle Achim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParticle formulation processes such as continuous fluidized‐bed layering granulation (FBLG) are widely applied in chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Particle size and particle porosity are important product properties in FBLG. In this paper, a new concept is presented for the simultaneous control of both properties. The new concept allows stable process operation, automatic adjustment of the desired product properties, and rejection of unforseen disturbances.
Supramolecular Assemblies for Electronic Materials
Authors: Barendt Timothy A. , Ball Melissa L. , Xu Qizhi , Zhang Boyuan , Fowler Brandon , Schattman Ayden , Ritter Virginia Cary , Steigerwald Michael L. , Nuckolls Colin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis work presents a synergy between organic electronics and supramolecular chemistry, in which a host–guest complex is designed to function as an efficacious electronic material. Specifically, the noncovalent recognition of a fullerene, phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM), by an alternating perylene diimide (P)‐bithiophene (B) conjugated macrocycle (PBPB) results in a greater than five‐fold enhancement in electron mobility, relative to the macrocycle alone. Characterization and quantification of the binding of fullerenes by host PBPB is provided alongside evidence for intermolecular electronic communication within the host–guest complexes.
Twisted paddlewheel rhodium complexes: Contribution of central and axial chirality to ECD, VCD, and NMR spectra
Authors: Szabó Márk , Kleineisel Márk , Németh Krisztina , Domján Attila , Vass Elemér , Szilvágyi Gábor 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDirhodium complexes bearing N‐substituted chiral amino acid ligands are investigated. These complexes have an unusual twisted paddlewheel structure, showing inherent chirality. We would like to demonstrate that parallel application of chiroptical spectroscopic methods (ECD and VCD) and NMR spectroscopy combined with quantum chemical calculations constitutes a powerful tool to determine the configuration of the complexes unequivocally. Two chiroptical methods are needed to determine the absolute configuration: ECD for the coordinated nitrogen atom and VCD for the rhodium core. A quick to use NMR method is also presented: Upon the coordination of small molecules in the axial position, the relative configuration of both the rhodium core and the nitrogen atom can be determined simultaneously by studying spatial proximities provided by 1D NOE spectra.
Non‐ST‐elevated myocardial infarction with “N” wave on electrocardiogram and culprit vessel in left circumflex has a risk equivalent to ST‐elevated myocardial infarction
Authors: Yang Tiangui , Chen Jie , Liu Xiaoxia , Xu Changlu , Niu Tiesheng , Fu Xi , Fu Peng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt was found that delayed activation wave often appeared in terminal QRS wave in non‐ST‐elevated myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) with culprit vessel in left circumflex artery (LCX), yet little is known about the similarities among non‐“N”‐wave non‐ST‐elevated myocardial infarction (N‐NSTEMI) and ST‐elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI).HypothesisIn AMI patients with the culprit vessel in LCX, “N” wave NSTEMI has a risk equivalent to STEMI.MethodsAll 874 patients admitted to Shenjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 1, 2013 and December 30, 2017 were included and whose coronary angiography (CAG) indicated the culprit vessel in LCX. Patients were divided into three groups: ST‐elevated myocardial infarction group (STEMI group, n = 322), “N” wave non‐ST‐elevated myocardial infarction group (N‐NSTEMI group, n = 232) and non‐“N”‐wave NSTEMI group (non N‐NSTEMI group, n = 320). The basic data and the incidence of MACE during hospitalization and 12 months were analyzed.ResultsIn STEMI and N‐NSTEMI groups, AST, CK, CK‐MB, TnI, and stenosis severity were significantly higher than non N‐NSTEMI (P < .05). The lesions in the N‐NSTEMI and STEMI groups were more often located proximal LCX before giving rise to OM1 of LCX (P < .05), however, the non N‐NSTEMI group was often located distal LCX after giving rise to OM1 and the OM1 (P < .05). The incidence rates of all MACEs, all‐cause death, ST, TVR, and rUAP were similar in N‐NSTEMI and STEMI groups, which were greater than non N‐NSTEMI (P < .05). Both N‐NSTEMI and STEMI are independent risk factors for MACE (P < .05).ConclusionThe basic data and the incidence of major adverse cardiac event were similar in N‐NSTEMI and STEMI patients, N‐NSTEMI has a risk equivalent to acute STEMI.