bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular nanovesicles‐transmitted circular RNA has_circ_0000190 suppresses osteosarcoma progression
Authors: Li Shenglong , Pei Yi , Wang Wei , Liu Fei , Zheng Ke , Zhang Xiaojing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUnder the microenvironment, tumour progression is substantially affected by cell‐cell communication. In spite of the mediating effect of extracellular nanovesicles (EVs) on cell‐cell communication by packaging into circRNAs, the effect of EVs circRNA hsa_circ_0000190 (circ‐0000190) in osteosarcoma is still not clear. Circ‐0000190 expressions in tissues and EVs from plasma were compared between osteosarcoma patients and controls. Thereafter, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn and area under the curve was calculated to examine whether the diagnostic results were accurate, and the effect of EVs circ‐0000190 was dug out via the determination of cell phenotypes and animal assays. Results showed circ‐0000190 exhibited an obvious reduction in EVs and tissues of osteosarcoma patients (P < .05). It was also discovered that EVs encapsulated the majority of circ‐0000190, and EVs‐encapsulated circ‐0000190 could be applied to make a distinction between osteosarcoma patients and controls. Besides, EVs circ‐0000190 in osteosarcoma cells transported from normal cells weakened the capacities of osteosarcoma cells to migrate, proliferate and invade, so as to block their biological malignant behaviours (P < .05). In addition, under the action of EVs circ‐0000190, tumour growth was impeded and the expression of TET1 was inhibited via the competitive binding to miR‐767‐5p. In all, EVs circ‐0000190 has a good prospect as it can be regarded as a new biomarker for detecting osteosarcoma. EVs circ‐0000190 transported from normal cells to osteosarcoma cells impeded the in vitro and in vivo development of osteosarcoma, implying that EVs circ‐0000190 exerts an effect on communication between normal cells and osteosarcoma cells in the carcinogenesis process of osteosarcoma.
Flavonoids compounds from Tridax procumbens inhibit osteoclast differentiation by down‐regulating c‐Fos activation
Authors: Al Mamun Md. Abdullah , Asim Md. Muzammal Haque , Sahin Md. Ali Zaber , Al‐Bari Md. Abdul Alim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe total flavonoids from Tridax procumbens (TPFs) have been reported significantly to suppress on RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in mouse primary cultured osteoclasts. However, the effects of ethyl ether fraction of Tridax procumbens flavonoids (TPF) on osteoclastogenesis remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of TPF on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‐induced osteoclast differentiation, actin ring formation, and explored its molecular mechanism in vitro. Matured osteoclast was counted as the number of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)‐positive multinucleated cells, and activity of osteoclast was assessed by performing the pit formation assays. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was performed for evaluation of the expression of osteoclast differentiation‐related genes. TPF reduced the TRAP‐positive multinucleated osteoclasts, inhibited TRAP and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and decreased the expression of osteoclast differentiating genes, including cathepsin K, metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2), MMP‐9, MMP‐13 and osteoclast‐associated receptor (OSCAR). Furthermore, osteoclast‐dependent actin rings formation and resorption pits were dramatically inhibited by the treatment with TPF. TPF markedly decreased the expression levels of transcription factors such as c‐Fos, nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and activator protein‐1 (AP‐1). Taken together, our findings indicated that TPF suppressed both osteoclast differentiation and activities. Therefore, TPF might be a promising and emerging drug candidate for the treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
Native bighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix populations in the Pearl River are threatened by Yangtze River introductions as revealed by mitochondrial DNA
Authors: Li Chao , Wang Junjie , Chen Jiaqi , Schneider Kevin , Veettil Radhakrishnan K. , Elmer Kathryn R. , Zhao Jun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBighead carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix have been two economically important aquaculture species in China for centuries. In the past decades, bighead and silver carp have been introduced from the Yangtze River to many river systems in China, including the Pearl River, in annual, large‐scale, stocking activities to enhance wild fisheries. Nonetheless, few studies have assessed the ecological or genetic impacts of such introductions on native conspecific fish populations. An mtDNA D‐loop segment of 978 bp from 213 bighead carp samples from 9 populations and a 975 bp segment from 204 silver carp samples from 10 populations were obtained to evaluate genetic diversity and population integrity. Results from a haplotype network analysis revealed that most haplotypes of the Pearl River clustered with those of Yangtze River origin and only a small proportion were distinct, suggesting that both the native Pearl River bighead and silver carp populations are currently dominated by genetic material from the Yangtze River. The genetic diversity of Pearl River populations is high in both species because of this inter‐population gene flow, but the diversity of native Pearl River populations is low. To preserve the native genetic diversity, stocking of non‐native fingerlings should cease immediately and native Pearl River bighead and silver carp fish farms should be established. This research demonstrates the danger to native biodiversity across China because of the substantial, ongoing stock‐enhancement activities without prior genetic assessment.
Soft tissue distribution pattern of facial soft tissue fillers with different viscoelastic properties
Authors: Rosamilia Gianna , Hamade Hassan , Freytag David L. , Frank Konstantin , Green Jeremy B. , Devineni Aditya , Gavril Diana L. , Hernandez Claudia A. , Pavicic Tatjana , Cotofana Sebastian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundSoft tissue filler product distribution and tissue integration have been shown to depend on myriad factors including the injector type, injector size, and injection angle.AimThis study aims to investigate the magnitude of product spread across fascial soft tissue layers in relation to product viscoelastic properties.Patients/MethodsA total of 168 injection procedures were conducted in two female Caucasian body donors with a mean age of 80 years (range: 79‐81) and a mean body mass index of 23.6 kg/m2 (range: 21.0‐26.6). The injection procedures were performed in the forehead, scalp, zygomatic arch, mandible, clavicle, and sternum. The injected materials included Belotero® Soft, Belotero® Balance, Belotero® Intense, Belotero® Volume, Radiesse®, and Radiesse® Plus. Layer‐by‐layer dissections were performed to investigate the vertical distribution of the injected product.ResultsThe mean product spread was for Belotero® Soft 4.54 ± 0.91; Belotero® Balance 3.85 ± 1.19; Belotero® Intense 3.04 ± 1.34; Belotero® Volume 2.58 ± 1.27; Radiesse® 1.31 ± 0.47; and Radiesse® Plus 1.27 ± 0.45 with P < .001. Bivariate correlations between product spread and storage modulus (G’) revealed an inverse relationship of moderate strength with rp = −0.651 and P < .001.ConclusionThe results of the present study revealed that products that were more fluid and less viscous distributed into more superficial fascial layers than products that were less fluid and more viscous (P < .001). This relationship held true irrespective of injected location.
Gut microbiota and blood metabolomics in weaning multiparous sows: Associations with oestrous
Authors: Xu Kang , Bai Miaomiao , Liu Hongnan , Duan Yehui , Zhou Xihong , Wu Xin , Liao Peng , Li Tiejun , Yin Yulong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study was conducted to detect the potential relationship between changed plasma metabolites, intestinal microbiota and the weaning‐to‐oestrous interval in multiparous sows after weaning. Multiparous sows were allocated to two groups after weaning: the oestrous group (n = 15) with a weaning‐to‐oestrous interval ≤7 days or the anoestrous group (n = 15) with a weaning‐to‐oestrous interval >14 days. The levels of plasma reproductive hormones: oestradiol, follicle‐stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, plasma total protein; blood urea nitrogen; cholesterol; high‐density lipoprotein; and ammonia (NH3) were significantly lower in the anoestrous sows compared with the oestrous sows (p < .05). The plasma metabolomics analysis identified 14 metabolites (lactose, l‐cysteine, cytosine, hydantoin, palmitoleic acid, arachidic acid, linoleic acid methyl ester, α‐ketoglutaric acid, N(ε)‐trimethyllysine, threo‐β‐hydroxyaspartate, 3‐(3‐hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and others) with lower concentrations and 12 metabolites (noradrenaline, 5‐dihydrocortisone, p‐cresol, 1,4‐cyclohexanedione, 2,3‐dimethylsuccinic acid and others) with higher concentrations in the anoestrous group compared with the oestrous group (p < .05). The 16S rRNA pyrosequencing analysis showed the relative increase in abundance of the Prevotella and the Bacteroides at the genus level in the anoestrous group (p < .05). At the phylum level, lower proportions of Firmicutes and Lentisphaerae were observed in the anoestrous group (p < .05). This study provided a comprehensive assessment of metabolic differences in the blood and differences in the gut microbiome composition between anoestrous and oestrous sows. And suggesting that this profiling approach may offer new insights into explaining the alteration of the gut microbiota and blood metabolomics are correlated with sex hormone secretion and the weaning‐to‐oestrous interval of sows after weaning.
Share the wealth: Trees with greater ectomycorrhizal species overlap share more carbon
Authors: Rog Ido , Rosenstock Nicholas P. , Körner Christian , Klein Tamir 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe mutualistic symbiosis between forest trees and ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) is among the most ubiquitous and successful interactions in terrestrial ecosystems. Specific species of EMF are known to colonize specific tree species, benefitting from their carbon source, and in turn, improving their access to soil water and nutrients. EMF also form extensive mycelial networks that can link multiple root‐tips of different trees. Yet the number of tree species connected by such mycelial networks, and the traffic of material across them, are just now under study. Recently we reported substantial belowground carbon transfer between Picea, Pinus, Larix and Fagus trees in a mature forest. Here, we analyze the EMF community of these same individual trees and identify the most likely taxa responsible for the observed carbon transfer. Among the nearly 1,200 EMF root‐tips examined, 50%–70% belong to operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that were associated with three or four tree host species, and 90% of all OTUs were associated with at least two tree species. Sporocarp 13C signals indicated that carbon originating from labelled Picea trees was transferred among trees through EMF networks. Interestingly, phylogenetically more closely related tree species exhibited more similar EMF communities and exchanged more carbon. Our results show that belowground carbon transfer is well orchestrated by the evolution of EMFs and tree symbiosis.
Discourses and critiques of breastfeeding and their implications for midwives and health professionals
Authors: Smyth Dawn , Hyde Abbey 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article is a discussion of the recently emerging critique of pro‐breastfeeding discourses in academic literature, and what this means for midwives and other professionals who find themselves promoting breastfeeding because of professional expectations or indeed workplace policies. Various strands in the debate are explored, starting with dominant and familiar ‘evidence’ and descriptions of breastfeeding and breastmilk that are carried through to international policies that advocate breast over formula feeding. We then consider evidence predominantly from social science literature that has found some women's experiences of infant feeding to be at variance with the dominant pro‐breastfeeding ideology. We argue that midwives and others delivering maternity care are the means to deliver the policy aspirations contained in the World Health Organization (WHO, 2018) Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative document that makes selective positive claims about breastfeeding without adequately considering its potential drawbacks. We conclude that although the benefits of breastfeeding tend to be exaggerated in promotional material, on balance the weight of evidence still favours breast over formula feeding. We challenge the charge that breastfeeding jeopardises women's financial position by arguing that it is not breastfeeding per se that impacts negatively on women's economic prospects, but rather the way in which society is socially organised.
The rhythm and rate of distension‐induced esophageal contractility: A physiomarker of esophageal function
Authors: Carlson Dustin A. , Kou Wenjun , Pandolfino John E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundDistention of the esophagus elicits a unique pattern of repetitive contractions in healthy controls. We aimed to assess the rhythm and rate of distension‐induced contractile patterns between achalasia and controls and identify factors that distinguish the normal contractile response to distension.MethodsTwenty asymptomatic controls and 140 adult patients with treatment‐naïve achalasia defined by HRM (29 type I, 81 type II, 30 type III) were prospectively evaluated with functional luminal imaging probe (FLIP) during sedated endoscopy. 16‐cm FLIP balloons were positioned within the distal esophagus during stepwise balloon distension. Functional luminal imaging probe panometry studies were retrospectively analyzed using a customized program.Key resultsAll controls had contractility in a repetitive antegrade contraction (RAC) pattern with a rate of mean (10‐90th) 6 (4‐8) contractions per minute. 19/20 controls had > 6 consecutive antegrade contractions (ACs), that is, duration > 6 ACs, >6 cm in length, at a rate of 6 ± 3 contractions per minute (met the “Rule‐of‐6s”). 50 achalasia patients had repetitive contractions that occurred at a rates of 11 (7 ‐ 15) ACs per minute; P < .001 compared with controls, or 12 (8‐15) repetitive retrograde contractions per minute. Only 1/140 achalasia patients had a contractile response that met the “Rule‐of‐6s.”ConclusionThe normal contractile response to sustained distention is associated with > 6 RACs with a consistent rate of 6 ± 3 per minute, which was exceptionally rare in achalasia. These findings support that the RAC pattern is disrupted in achalasia and the faster rate may be a manifestation of abnormal inhibition and/or a reduced refractory period.
ELK‐HEAD STAFFS IN PREHISTORIC NORTH‐EASTERN EUROPE AND NORTH‐WESTERN RUSSIA – SIGNS OF POWER AND PRESTIGE?
Authors: Mantere Ville N. , Kashina Ekaterina A. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryAround 30 axe‐shaped staffs sculpted as elk heads at the upper end have been found from burials and settlement layers across a widespread area, extending from the Baltic region to the Urals. These enigmatic items made of antler were in use for a considerably long period from the Late Mesolithic to the Early Metal Period, and depictions of elk‐head staffs are also known from Stone Age rock art sites. Using two previously misidentified elk‐head staff fragments from the Stone Age settlements of Zvidze in Latvia and Veretye in Russia as examples, the authors examine the role and function of elk‐head staffs. Special emphasis is put on the fragmentation of the artefacts: the authors point out that elk‐head staffs found in burials have been intact, whereas those found in settlement layers have mostly been deliberately broken and discarded. The authors thus interpret the elk‐head staffs as private items that were closely associated with the undertakings of their owners.
The role of Internet cancer information for older adults with cancer: Perspectives of older adults and healthcare professionals
Authors: Haase Kristen R. , Sattar Schroder , Holtslander Lorraine , Thomas Roanne 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveOlder adults with cancer have unique information and supportive care needs. There is a growing body of literature regarding the use of Internet health information, but less is known about the use of the Internet for cancer information amongst older adults with cancer.Materials and methodsThis is a secondary analysis of qualitative data from a mixed‐methods study of the use of cancer‐related Internet information amongst adults with cancer. In the present study, we include transcripts from two samples: 34 interviews with adults over age 55 (n = 17) with cancer, and interviews and focus groups with healthcare professionals (n = 21). Data were analysed using thematic analysis with an interest in age‐related themes.ResultsOur findings are grouped into three main themes: (a) independently augmenting healthcare services and supports; (b) supporting and situating information; and (c) mobilising family and support networks. Patients and healthcare providers described cancer‐related Internet information as a beneficial resource to address gaps in information and supplement information from healthcare professionals from diagnosis and throughout treatment. Older adults reported using cancer‐related Internet information to manage their cancer experience, although sometimes feeling technologically hesitant. However, healthcare professionals felt older adults were less likely than younger patients to seek cancer information from the Internet.ConclusionThe use of cancer‐related Internet information is growing amongst older adults with cancer. Older adults mobilise technology uniquely. Healthcare professionals can support these efforts by being aware and through initiating dialogue about information preferences.
Bilateral epidermal nevi in the external auditory canals treated with CO2 laser
Authors: Rajpal Neha , Dilorenzo Ashley , Parsa Keon , Hoa Michael , Ronkainen Sanna 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEpidermal nevi are benign hamartomas of the epidermis and adnexal structures of the skin. We present the case of epidermal nevi in the bilateral external auditory ear canals of an otherwise healthy 23‐year‐old woman treated with CO2 laser ablation.
Appealing to Moral Exemplars: Shared Perception of Morality as an Essential Ingredient of Intergroup Reconciliation
Authors: Čehajić‐Clancy Sabina , Bilewicz Michal 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA history of intergroup conflict threatens the basic sense of in‐group and out‐group morality. This poses a severe obstacle to reconciliation both on socioemotional (by constraining forgiveness and generating dysfunctional intergroup emotions) and on instrumental (by constraining contact opportunities and effectiveness) levels. We argue and review research on how learning about others’ moral behavior can contribute to intergroup reconciliation processes. Acknowledging the central role of morality in individual and group perceptions, we propose a new model of reconciliation grounded in research on moral exemplars. Moral exemplars are examples of individual heroic behavior crossing group borders (out‐group members engage in rescuing in‐group members and in‐group members rescuing out‐group members). We demonstrate how intergroup relations in post conflict societies can be improved through learning about moral exemplars. Based on studies and interventions performed in multiple postgenocide and postconflict settings, we suggest that learning about moral exemplars effectively regulates intergroup relations by enabling forgiveness and contact after mass atrocities. We delineate specific policy‐relevant recommendations that may be applied by practitioners working in societies that have been affected by historical crimes.
Material, stigmatic, and agentic dimensions in the experience of claiming disability benefits: The Israeli case
Authors: Holler Roni 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLittle scholarly work has focused on the lived experience of people claiming disability benefits. Drawing on semi‐structured interviews with 30 Jewish‐Israeli men and women with physical impairments, this paper seeks to fill this gap in the literature. Analysis of the interviews yielded three main themes: the material and psycho‐social aspects of the Israeli disability benefits system, respectively, and the coping strategies applied by the participants in their efforts to navigate the system and address their needs. The distinction between the first two themes is discussed as resonating with recent calls for an integrated disability justice conceptualization, one that entails both redistributive and recognitive aspects. The third theme is highlighted as countering the image of ‘passivity’ that is all too often associated with being on disability benefits.
DNA demethylation is involved in the regulation of temperature‐dependent anthocyanin accumulation in peach
Authors: Zhu Yong‐Chao , Zhang Bo , Allan Andrew C. , Lin‐Wang Kui , Zhao Yun , Wang Ke , Chen Kun‐Song , Xu Chang‐Jie 
Published: January 2020

SummaryAnthocyanin biosynthesis is induced by low temperatures in a number of plants. However, in peach (cv Zhonghuashoutao), anthocyanin accumulation was observed in fruit stored at 16°C but not at or below 12°C. Fruit stored at 16°C showed elevated transcript levels of genes encoding anthocyanin biosynthetic enzymes, the transport protein glutathione S‐transferase and key transcription factors. Higher transcript levels of PpPAL1/2, PpC4H, Pp4CL4/5/8, PpF3H, PpF3’H, PpDFR1/2/3 and PpANS, as well as transcription factor gene PpbHLH3, were associated with lower methylation levels in the promoter of these genes. The DNA methylation level was further highly correlated with the expression of the DNA methyltransferase genes and DNA demethylase genes. The application of DNA methylation inhibitor 5‐azacytidine induced anthocyanin accumulation in peach flesh, further implicating a critical role for DNA demethylation in regulating anthocyanin accumulation in peach flesh. Our data reveal that temperature‐dependent DNA demethylation is a key factor to the post‐harvest temperature‐dependent anthocyanin accumulation in peach flesh.