bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Counseling Service Delivery Models in the United States: Assessment of changes in use from 2010 to 2017
Authors: Greenberg Samantha E. , Boothe Emily , Delaney Christine L. , Noss Ryan , Cohen Stephanie A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn 2010, the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) membership was surveyed about their use of genetic counseling service delivery models (SDMs) including in‐person, telephone, telegenetics, and group genetic counseling. Since that time, the demand for genetic counseling services has increased in the United States (US). We hypothesized that the use of various SDMs has increased to help address the growing demand. To assess for changes in SDM use and interest in implementing innovative SDMs, the NSGC SDM subcommittee sent an electronic survey to the NSGC membership (N = 3,616), which was open from August 2017 to December 2017. Descriptive statistics and chi‐square analysis were used to compare and identify differences in SDM utilization between 2010 and 2017. There were 590 total responses (16.3% response rate) with 517 usable responses, representing multiple genetic counseling specialties. Compared to 2010, significantly fewer respondents indicated they ‘always’ provide services in‐person in 2017 (p < .04, df = 4), with 92.6% of respondents reporting ‘always’ or ‘often’ utilizing in‐person SDM in 2017. Telephone genetic counseling was reported by 12.5% as a model used always or often, compared to 8% in 2010; however, the shift toward or away from telephone genetic counseling since 2010 was not statistically significant (p = .27, df = 4). The number of respondents using telegenetics always or often increased from 2.3% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2017, and more respondents report using telegenetics at an increased frequency (p < .01, df = 4). In contrast, those reporting use of a group genetic counseling SDM always or often decreased from 3.0% to 1.4%, though there was not a significant shift toward or away the frequency of respondents using group genetic counseling (p = .21, df = 4). Almost all respondents (93%) were interested in implementing an additional and/or different SDM; however, many (74%) identified barriers to implementation. There was an increase in those reporting use of 3 or 4 SDMs in practice since 2010 (p < .02). Genetic counselors may be attempting to compensate for longer wait times by implementing additional SDMs to improve access for patients. There is strong interest in learning about and implementing innovative SDMs to improve access and efficiency. However, resources need to be developed to help genetic counselors identify and overcome implementation barriers to achieve these goals.
Proper orientation number of triangle‐free bridgeless outerplanar graphs
Authors: Ai Jiangdong , Gerke Stefanie , Gutin Gregory , Shi Yongtang , Taoqiu Zhenyu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn orientation of is a digraph obtained from by replacing each edge by exactly one of two possible arcs with the same endpoints. We call an orientation proper if neighboring vertices have different in‐degrees. The proper orientation number of a graph , denoted by , is the minimum maximum in‐degree of a proper orientation of . Araujo et al asked whether there is a constant such that for every outerplanar graph and showed that for every cactus . We prove that if is a triangle‐free 2‐connected outerplanar graph and if is a triangle‐free bridgeless outerplanar graph.
CD4/CD8 ratio, comorbidities, and aging in treated HIV infected individuals on viral suppression
Authors: Passos Daniela F. , Bremm João M. , da Silveira Leonardo L. , Jantsch Matheus H. , da Silva Jean L. G. , Disconzi Enzo , Rezer João F. P. , Schwarzbold Alexandre V. , Marques Angela C. F. , Schetinger Maria R. C. , Leal Daniela B. R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe progression of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can be efficiently interrupted by antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, even successfully treated HIV‐infected individuals are prone to develop non‐AIDS‐related diseases that affect the metabolism and several organs and systems. Biomarkers that predict the occurrence of comorbidities may help develop preventive measures. Current research shows that CD4+ T cell counts and viral load do not predict the development of non‐AIDS‐related diseases. The CD4/CD8 ratio has been indicated as a suitable marker of persistent immune dysfunction and the occurrence of non‐AIDS‐related events in treated HIV‐positive patients. In this study, we explored the relationship between CD4/CD8 ratios, comorbidities, and aging in ART‐treated HIV patients on viral suppression. We collected and evaluated data from 352 HIV‐positive adults who were virologically suppressed (<40 copies/mL) on ART and with CD4 counts above 350 cells/mm3. The median age for participants was 46 years, 218 individuals had at least one comorbidity, and 239 had inverted CD4/CD8 ratios (<1). Current CD4/CD8 ratios were predicted by baseline CD4/CD8 ratios and nadir CD4 counts. Despite the high rates of inverted CD4/CD8 ratios and prevalence of comorbidities, no association between them was observed. The prevalence of comorbidities was significantly higher in older individuals, though aging alone did not explain the rate of all individual comorbidities. Low CD4/CD8 ratios were linked to neurocognitive disorders, suggesting that persistent T cell dysfunction contributes to neurocognitive decline.
Psychological stress of medical staffs during outbreak of COVID‐19 and adjustment strategy
Authors: Wu Wenzhi , Zhang Yan , Wang Pu , Zhang Li , Wang Guixiang , Lei Guanghui , Xiao Qiang , Cao Xiaochen , Bian Yueran , Xie Simiao , Huang Fei , Luo Na , Zhang Jingyuan , Luo Mingyan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCOVID‐19 has a significant impact on public health and poses a challenge to medical staffs, especially to front‐line medical staffs who are exposed to and in direct contact with patients. To understand the psychological stress status of medical staffs during the outbreak of COVID‐19, random sample questionnaire survey was conducted among 2110 medical staffs and 2158 college students in all provinces of China through a questionnaire, which was compiled and completed through the Questionnaire Star platform relying on Wechat, QQ, and other social software. The differences in psychological stress status of different groups were compared through the analysis of the questionnaire. Results revealed that in all provinces of China, medical staffs scored significantly higher on all items of psychological stress than college students (P < .001). In Wuhan, medical staffs scored significantly higher than college students in all items of psychological stress (P < .001). While among medical staffs, the group in Wuhan area scored significantly higher than the group outside Wuhan on the following items: "Thought of being in danger," "The possibility of self‐illness," "Worrying about family infection" (P < .05), "Poor sleep quality," "Needing psychological guidance," and "Worrying about being infected" (P < .01) in the Psychological Stress Questionnaire, but on the item "Confidence in the victory of the epidemic," the group in Wuhan area scored significantly lower than the group outside Wuhan (P < .05). The emotion, cognition, physical, and mental response of front‐line medical staff showed obvious "exposure effect", which calls for a psychological crisis intervention strategy that can be helpful.
Respiratory syncytial virus in influenza‐like illness cases: Epidemiology and molecular analyses of four consecutive winter seasons (2014‐2015/2017‐2018) in Lombardy (Northern Italy)
Authors: Pellegrinelli Laura , Galli Cristina , Bubba Laura , Cereda Danilo , Anselmi Giovanni , Binda Sandro , Gramegna Maria , Pariani Elena 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundBesides seasonal influenza viruses (IV), several other pathogens—including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)—are involved in clinically undistinguished influenza‐like illnesses (ILIs). This study aimed at investigating the contribution of RSV in ILI cases in Lombardy (Northern Italy) during four consecutive winter seasons.Materials and MethodsIn the framework of influenza surveillance, respiratory samples from ILI outpatients were collected from 2014‐2015 to 2017‐2018 season. IV‐negative swabs were included in the study and analyzed to detect and molecularly characterize RSV‐A and RSV‐B.ResultsA total of 12.9% (135/1047) of samples were positive to RSV that was mostly detected among children ≤5 years (51/183, 27.8%) and those aged 6 to 15 years (30/158, 18.9%), whereas elderly >65 years accounted for 12% of RSV cases (15/125). The median start of RSV epidemic was in the end of November, with a peak in mid‐February and a width of nearly 4 months, almost overlapping seasonal influenza epidemic. RSV‐A and RSV‐B co‐circulated in all considered seasons, with RSV‐B predominating on RSV‐A (63.6% vs 36.4%; P < .001). Most (85.2%) RSV‐A belonged to genotype ON1 and the remaining to NA1. All RSV‐B clustered within the BA genotype.ConclusionsIn this study, RSV significantly contributed to ILI cases, especially among pediatric population (<15 years), although it was detected in all age groups. RSV‐B predominated on RSV‐A, and the most recent evolved genotypes (BA and ON1, respectively) circulated. Investigating the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of RSV in ILI cases can increase baseline epidemiological information before the introduction of RSV vaccination.
Quadrature spatial modulation with space‐time block‐coded CPM MIMO system
Authors: Guowei Lei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractQuadrature spatial modulation (QSM) is recently regarded as a technique to combat inter‐channel interference (ICI) for future wireless systems. In this paper, we consider a system of QSM combining space time block codes (STBC) and continuous phase modulation (CPM). In the system, the spatial constellation symbols are not expanded by two in‐phase and quadrature components, but represented by two STBC symbols. Moreover, we employ K‐means clustering algorithm to decrease the correlation of two transmit antennas. Then in the system, the bit error ratio (BER) performances are derived and evaluated for CPM and linear modulations (PSK, QAM). It is demonstrated that the proposed system has the advantages of BER performance and power spectrum density compared to its counterpart with linear modulations or without K‐means clustering of antennas.
“Third‐body” collision parameters for hydrocarbons, alcohols, and hydroperoxides and an effective internal rotor approach for estimating them
Authors: Jasper Ahren W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCollision rate constants and third‐body collision efficiencies are calculated for more than 300 alkanes, alcohols, and hydroperoxides, for the bath gases He, Ar, H2, and N2, and from 300 to 2000 K. The data set includes highly branched species and species with as many as 16 nonhydrogen atoms N, and it is analyzed to develop strategies for estimating collision properties more generally. Simple analytic formulas describing the Lennard‐Jones collision parameters σ and ε are obtained for each of the three classes of systems as a function of N. Trends in the collision efficiency range parameter α = ⟨ΔEd⟩ are more complicated, and a method is developed and validated for estimating α based on the numbers and types of internal rotors and oxygen‐containing groups. Specifically, the approach maps the expected value of α for a branched alkane, alcohol, or hydroperoxide onto those for the corresponding normal (linear) series via an effective number of nonhydrogen atoms Neff. The prescription for Neff is based on counting internal rotor types and is shown to be insensitive to temperature and fairly insensitive to the identity of the bath gas. Together, these strategies allow for the ready estimation of the collision parameters σ, ε, and α so long as results for the associated linear series are available.
High Glucose and Liver Fatty Acid Binding Protein Gene Ablation Differentially Impact Whole Body and Liver Phenotype in High‐Fat Pair‐Fed Mice
Authors: Martin Gregory G. , Landrock Danilo , McIntosh Avery L. , Milligan Sherrelle , Landrock Kerstin K. , Kier Ann B. , Mackie John , Schroeder Friedhelm 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAd libitum‐fed diets high in fat and carbohydrate (especially fructose) induce weight gain, obesity, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans and animal models. However, interpretation is complicated since ad libitum feeding of such diets induces hyperphagia and upregulates expression of liver fatty acid binding protein (L‐FABP)—a protein intimately involved in fatty acid and glucose regulation of lipid metabolism. Wild‐type (WT) and L‐fabp gene ablated (LKO) mice were pair‐fed either high‐fat diet (HFD) or high‐fat/high‐glucose diet (HFGD) wherein total carbohydrate was maintained constant but the proportion of glucose was increased at the expense of fructose. In LKO mice, the pair‐fed HFD increased body weight and lean tissue mass (LTM) but had no effect on fat tissue mass (FTM) or hepatic fatty vacuolation as compared to pair‐fed WT counterparts. These LKO mice exhibited upregulation of hepatic proteins in fatty acid uptake and cytosolic transport (caveolin and sterol carrier protein‐2), but lower hepatic fatty acid oxidation (decreased serum β‐hydroxybutyrate). LKO mice pair‐fed HFGD also exhibited increased body weight; however, these mice had increased FTM, not LTM, and increased hepatic fatty vacuolation as compared to pair‐fed WT counterparts. These LKO mice also exhibited upregulation of hepatic proteins in fatty acid uptake and cytosolic transport (caveolin and acyl‐CoA binding protein, but not sterol carrier protein‐2), but there was no change in hepatic fatty acid oxidation (serum β‐hydroxybutyrate) as compared to pair‐fed WT counterparts.
Microbial community overlap between the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of three plants from Yongxing Island, South China Sea
Authors: Bao Lijun , Cai Wenyang , Cao Jianxi , Zhang Xiaofen , Liu Jinhong , Chen Hao , Wei Yuansong , Zhuang Xuliang , Zhuang Guoqiang , Bai Zhihui 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPhyllosphere and rhizosphere are unique and wide‐ranging habitats that harbor various microbial communities, which influence plant growth and health, and the productivity of the ecosystems. In this study, we characterized the shared microbiome of the phyllosphere and rhizosphere among three plants (Ipomoea pes‐caprae, Wedelia chinensis, and Cocos nucifera), to obtain an insight into the relationships between bacteria (including diazotrophic bacteria) and fungi, present on these host plants. Quantitative PCR showed that the abundances of the microbiome in the soil samples were significantly higher than those in the phyllosphere samples, though there was an extremely low abundance of fungi in bulk soil. High‐throughput sequencing showed that the alpha‐diversity of bacteria and fungi was higher in the rhizosphere than the phyllosphere samples associated with the same plant, while there was no obvious shift in the alpha‐diversity of diazotrophic communities between all the tested phyllosphere and soil samples. Results of the microbial composition showed that sample‐specific bacteria and fungi were found among the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of the different host plants. About 10%–27% of bacteria, including diazotrophs, and fungi overlapped between the phyllosphere and the rhizosphere of these host plants. No significant difference in microbial community structure was found among the tested rhizosphere samples, and soil properties had a higher influence on the soil microbial community structures than the host plant species.
Ultra‐wideband fluidically steered antipodal Vivaldi antenna array
Authors: Goode Ian , Saavedra Carlos E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn ultra‐wideband 1 × 4 antipodal Vivaldi antenna array with microfluidic beam steering is reported. The antipodal configuration is selected for its microstrip feed line, which is convenient for implementation of the phase‐shifting structure. Each antenna element uses a true‐time‐delay phase shifter consisting of nine microfluidic channels under its feed line in which deionized (DI) water, ɛ
r = 77 + j13 (tanδ = 0.17) at 3 GHz, is pumped to change the speed of the propagating wave. The array was fabricated using a 1.52 mm thick substrate with ɛ
r = 3.55 and tanδ = 0.0027. Each antenna element and phase shifter measures 55 mm × 140 mm. Measurements show that the array yields up to 90° of beam steering from 3 to 6.5 GHz and up to 40° of steering from 6.5 to 10 GHz. The array has a maximum realized gain of 13.1 dBi, and a half‐power beamwidth of less than 40° for all configurations.
Management of Data-Limited Fisheries: Identifying Informative Data to Achieve Sustainable Fisheries
Authors: Sun Ming , Li Yunzhou , Zhang Chongliang , Xu Binduo , Ren Yiping , Chen Yong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Sustainable fisheries management is built on effective management strategies and informative data that are usually well defined for data-rich fisheries. However, their counterparts in data-limited fisheries remain inadequately evaluated due to insufficient data for stock assessments. This raises two questions: (1) can data-limited management strategies achieve sustainable fisheries and (2) are certain types of data more informative than others are in developing sustainable data-limited fisheries? To address these questions, we performed management strategy evaluation with data-rich stocks to simulate data-limited fisheries management. The performance of data-limited management procedures (MPs) was compared with the performance of management strategies that are based on data-rich stock assessments. We examined the informative nature of six data categories in data-limited situations by developing a tier system that mimicked different data availability levels and evaluating their contributions to management success. Our study showed that it is possible to achieve maximum sustainable yield (MSY) with limited data, given the proper choice of MPs. In addition, the data categories were not equally informative to the development of sustainable data-limited fisheries management. In our case study, the MPs using the data on stock size and quantitative management targets (target proxy) demonstrated the highest management success rates. The most effective (100% management success rate) while least data-demanding MPs included minlenLopt1, SPMSY, MCD, Itarget1, and ICI. We also confirmed that the performance of the data-limited MPs was closely related to historical stock dynamics and levels of data availability. We suggest considering historical stock trends and data availability levels as critical prerequisites in the management of data-limited fisheries.
Novel collagen‐based hydrogels with injectable, self‐healing, wound‐healing properties via a dynamic crosslinking interaction
Authors: Ding Cuicui , Yang Qili , Tian Mengdie , Guo Chenchen , Deng Feng , Dang Yuan , Zhang Min 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCollagen‐based hydrogels have gained significant popularity in biomedical applications; however, traditional collagen hydrogels are easily disabled for lack of self‐healing properties due to their non‐reversible bonds. Here, a self‐healing collagen‐based hydrogel has been developed based on dynamic network chemistry, consisting of dynamic imine linkages between collagen and dialdehyde guar gum, as well as diol‐borate ester bonds between guar gum and borax. In addition, macromolecular interactions amongst macromolecules are involved. The above‐mentioned interactions were validated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and DSC. The as‐prepared collagen‐based hydrogels showed good injectability and rapid self‐healing capacity (within 3 min) as reflected from injection tests, optical microscope observations, rheological measurements, as well as self‐healing studies. In addition, the collagen‐based hydrogels showed accelerated wound‐healing properties. This study offers a facile strategy to endow self‐healing ability on collagen‐based hydrogels without any external stimulus, which show great application potential as wound dressings. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
2‐Methyltetrahydrofuran (2‐MeTHF) as a versatile green solvent for the synthesis of amphiphilic copolymers via ROP, FRP, and RAFT tandem polymerizations
Authors: Englezou Georgia , Kortsen Kristoffer , Pacheco Ana A. C. , Cavanagh Robert , Lentz Joachim C. , Krumins Eduards , Sanders‐Velez Carlos , Howdle Steven M. , Nedoma Alisyn J. , Taresco Vincenzo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract2‐methyltetrahydrofuran (2‐MeTHF) is a readily available, inexpensive, neoteric, bio‐based solvent. It has been adopted across a wide range of chemical processes including the batch manufacture of fine chemicals, enzymatic polycondensations and ring opening polymerizations. To reduce the environmental burden related to the synthesis of pharmaceutical‐grade polymers based on lactide and caprolactone, we envisaged the use of 2‐MeTHF. For the first time, we combined a series of metal‐free and enzymatic ROPs with free radical and controlled RAFT polymerizations (carried out separately and in tandem) in 2‐MeTHF, in order to easily tune the chemistry and the architecture of the final polymers. After a simple purification, the amphiphilic polymers were formulated into nanoparticles and tested for their cytocompatibility in three model cell lines, to assess their application as potential polymeric excipients for nanomedicines.
Safety of Major Abdominal Operations in the Elderly: A Study of Geriatric‐Specific Determinants of Health
Authors: Martin Allison N. , Hoagland Darian L. , Turrentine Florence E. , Jones R. Scott , Zaydfudim Victor M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative assessment of geriatric‐specific determinants of health may enhance perioperative risk stratification among elderly patients. This study examines effects of geriatric‐specific variables on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing elective major abdominal operations.MethodsPatients included in the ACS NSQIP pilot Geriatric Surgery Research File program who underwent elective pancreatic, liver, and colorectal operations between 2014 and 2016 were examined. Multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate associations between patient‐specific geriatric variables and risk of death, morbidity, readmission, and discharge destination.ResultsA total of 4165 patients were included. Patients ≥85 years were more likely to die, experience postoperative morbidity, and be discharged to a facility (all p ≤ 0.039) than younger patients. Preoperatively, patients ≥85 years were more likely to use a mobility aid, have a prior fall, have consent signed by a surrogate, and to live alone at home prior to operation (all p < 0.001). After adjustment for ACS NSQIP‐estimated probabilities of morbidity or mortality, no geriatric‐specific preoperative risk factors were significantly associated with increased risk of death or complications in any age group (all p > 0.055). Patients 75–84 and ≥85 years were more likely to be discharged to facility (OR 2.33 and 4.75, respectively, both p < 0.001) compared to patients 65–74 years. All geriatric‐specific variables: use of mobility aid, living alone, consent signed by a surrogate, and fall history, were significantly associated with discharge to a facility (all p ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsAfter adjusting for comorbid conditions, geriatric‐specific variables are not associated with postoperative mortality and morbidity among elderly patients; however, geriatric‐specific variables are significantly associated with discharge to a facility.