bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of rivastigmine on gait in patients with neurodegenerative disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shim Sung Ryul , Kim Jong-Yeup , Kwon Kyum-Yil , Shin Jieun , Lee Yungjin , Lee Seon-Min 
Published: December 2024

Background & aims
Gait disturbances are commonly observed in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and higher-level gait disorders, which are associated with cholinergic deficits. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of rivastigmine on improvement in gait.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms and text keywords related to gait and falls after rivastigmine treatment for neurodegenerative disorders. The intervention (rivastigmine), comparison (control or no treatment), and outcomes of improvement in gait speed and fall were assessed from database inception to April 2024. References and collected data were meticulously reviewed to ensure the integrity of the included studies. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and Hedges’g, along with their 95% confidence intervals (Cls), were calculated for gait speed and number of falls.

Results
A total of 222 articles were identified during the initial search across different electronic databases, 50 including PubMed (n = 23), Cochrane (n = 19), Embase (n = 139), Scopus (n = 38), and a manual search (n = 3). Finally, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on the final four studies, encompassing 286 participants. The pooled SMD for the overall gait speed without a comparison group was 0.761 (95% CI: −1.165 to 2.688), indicating no significant improvement in gait speed. For the overall number of falls between the rivastigmine treatment and control groups, the pooled SMD was −0.366 (95% CI: −0.650 to −0.083). A statistically significant reduction in the number of falls was observed in the rivastigmine group than in the control group.

Conclusion
Rivastigmine treatment in patients with neurodegenerative disorders tend to improve gait speed and significantly reduces fall incidence. Given the limited efficacy of current treatments for gait disturbances and falls, dual cholinesterase inhibitors like rivastigmine could be a promising therapeutic option.
Analysis of rare coding variants in 470,000 exome-sequenced subjects characterises contributions to risk of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Curtis David 
Published: December 2024

Aims
To follow up results from an earlier study using an extended sample of 470,000 exome-sequenced subjects to identify genes associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to characterise the distribution of rare variants in these genes.

Materials and methods
Exome sequence data for 470,000 UK Biobank participants was analysed using a combined phenotype for T2D obtained from diagnostic and prescription data. Gene-wise weighted burden analysis of rare coding variants in the new cohort of 270,000 samples was carried out for the 32 genes previously significant with uncorrected p < 0.001 along with 7 other genes previously implicated in T2D. Follow-up studies of GCK, GIGYF1, HNF1A and HNF4A used the full sample of 470,000 to investigate the effects of different categories of variant.

Results
No novel genes were identified as exome wide significant. Rare loss of function (LOF) variants in GCK exerted a very large effect on T2D risk but more common (though still very rare) nonsynonymous variants classified as probably damaging by PolyPhen on average approximately doubled risk. Rare variants in the other three genes also had large effects on risk.

Conclusions
In spite of the very large sample size, no novel genes are implicated. Coding variants with an identifiable effect are collectively too rare be generally useful for guiding treatment choices for most patients. The finding that some nonsynonymous variants in GCK affect T2D risk is novel but not unexpected and does not have obvious practical implications. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource.
Effect of hypopressive and conventional abdominal exercises on postpartum diastasis recti: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Soto-González Mercedes , Da Cuña-Carrera Iria , Lantarón-Caeiro Eva María , Pascoal Augusto Gil 
Published: December 2024

Background
Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) is the separation of the rectus abdominis muscles along the linea alba, often occurring during pregnancy due to hormonal and mechanical changes. While DRA usually resolves post-childbirth, some women experience persistent issues. Exercise may help reduce the inter-rectus distance, though more research is needed.

Objectives
Analyze the immediate and long-term effects of hypopressive and conventional abdominal exercises on inter-rectus distance (IRD) in postpartum women, focusing on parity differences.

Methods
Twenty-eight women who met specific inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to either the hypopressive group (n = 14) or the conventional group (n = 14). The exercise programs for both groups lasted 6 weeks. Ultrasound measurements were taken of the IRD at two locations above the umbilicus, 2 cm (AB2) and 5 cm (AB5), before and after exercise programs.

Results
The IRD decreased after both exercise programs compared to baseline measurements in AB2 (mean difference: 3.06 mm, 95% CI: 1.06 to 5.05) and in AB5 (mean difference: 2.88 mm, 95% CI: 1.59 to 4.17), confirming the long-term effect of exercise. No differences were found between the application of the conventional exercise program or the hypopressive exercises, indicating that both had a similar positive effect.
Regarding the immediate effect, after the performance of both programs, the IRD was greater during rest compared to abdominal contraction. This effect was more pronounced at AB5 location (mean difference: 1.00mm, 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.89). Conventional exercises result in a reduction during resting condition (mean difference: 4.52mm, 95% CI: 2.62 to 6.79), whereas with hypopressive exercises, the reduction occurs during muscle contraction (mean difference: 3.43mm, 95% CI: 1.21 to 5.65).
With regard to parity, multiparous women benefit most from the application of exercise programs.

Conclusion
A reduction in IRD has been achieved with the implementation of both exercise programs in postpartum women, with multiparous women benefiting the most. Specifically, at 5 cm above umbilicus, conventional exercises result in a reduction during the rest condition, whereas with hypopressive exercises, the reduction occurs during muscle contraction.

Trial registration
Clinical trial registration: NCT05439668.
Dezassete Sonetos Eróticos e de Fesceninos de Tiago Veiga: Nova poesia obscena para o século XXI
Authors: Bochicchio Maria 
Published: December 2024

O objecto deste artigo consiste na análise da decisão editorial de Mário Cláudio, biógrafo e detentor do espólio de Tiago Veiga, de publicar Dezassette Sonetos Eróticos e Fesceninos, duas décadas após a morte do poeta, avaliado numa perspetiva de mediação criativa entre praticas literárias da antiguidade latina e temas homólogos trabalhados pelo escritor biografado.
A relação interesse-Estado na petroleira argentina YPF
Authors: Vidal Nicolás Alfredo , Donadone Júlio César , Donatello Luis Miguel 
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho analisa um aparente novo vínculo entre as elites econômicas e políticas e o Estado argentino, uma mudança na relação interesse-Estado, examinando a circulação e reconversão de diretores e diretores executivos dentro da empresa petrolífera argentina Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF) entre 2002 e 2020. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as trajetórias de vida dos diretores e diretores executivos da YPF durante o período de 2002-2020, visando identificar seus atributos e criar tipos ideais que facilitem a compreensão da relação interesse-Estado. O método empregado é a prosopografía, com dados sociodemográficos, de formação educacional e histórico de empregos dos diretores e diretores executivos da empresa. As conclusões parciais deste trabalho demonstram não apenas uma mudança nos perfis dos profissionais que lideram a empresa ao longo dos anos, de engenheiros para administradores e economistas com orientação internacional, mas também a emergência de um novo tipo ideal, o transgressor, que parece representar uma forma inovadora de profissionais do setor para cooptar recursos estatais.
Wer macht die Materialwende?: Zur Rolle von zirkulären und denkmalpflegerischen Ansätzen für die Transformation des Bauwesens
Authors: Warda Johannes , Schiller Georg , Ditze Barbara , Knippschild Robert 
Published: December 2024

The transition to a circular economy involves a long-term transformation of the construction industry. Recent successes in research and development are counteracted by the sluggishness of the construction sector and other obstacles to implementation. However, decisions that minimize the consumption of resources and the climate impact of construction can be made immediately – especially by keeping existing buildings in use for as long as possible or revitalizing vacant buildings. The practical expertise for this can be found in the field of historic preservation. Like no other discipline, it focuses on recording and evaluating the inventory and has strategies and methods for long-term preservation. Previously a niche area limited to an exclusive portfolio, preservation principles can be fruitfully applied to all construction tasks as part of a circular building economy.
Decoupling of muscle‐tendon unit and fascicle velocity contributes to the in vivo stretch‐shortening cycle effect in the male human triceps surae muscle
Authors: Holzer Denis , Hahn Daniel , Schwirtz Ansgar , Siebert Tobias , Seiberl Wolfgang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDuring the shortening of stretch‐shortening cycles (SSCs), muscle force output is enhanced compared with pure shortening (SHO), referred to as the SSC‐effect. In general, muscle‐tendon unit (MTU), muscle belly, muscle fascicle, and tendon length changes can be decoupled during contraction, which affects force generation and elastic recoil. We researched whether MTU decoupling contributes to the SSC‐effect. Participants performed electrically stimulated submaximal fixed‐end, SSC, and SHO plantar‐flexions on a dynamometer at two velocities (40, 120°/s) and two ranges of motion (15, 25°). Fascicle and tendon length changes of the gastrocnemius medialis, and ankle joint kinematics were assessed by ultrasound and motion capture, respectively. During SSC shortening, ankle joint torque and work, MTU force and work, and fascicle force were increased by 12%–22% compared with SHO, confirming a SSC‐effect. Further, fascicle length change and velocity during SSCs were significantly reduced compared with SHO condition, and SSC fascicle work was decreased by ~35%. Our results indicate that MTU decoupling leads to a reduction in fascicle shortening amplitude and velocity, thereby increasing the muscle's force capacity while reducing its work output during SSC shortening. MTU decoupling therefore contributes to the SSC‐effect and underlines the limited transferability of joint work measurements to estimated muscle work.
Determinants of journalists’ acceptance of using virtual reality (VR) in news production in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
Authors: Elareshi Mokhtar , Ziani Abdulkrim , Mesbah Hesham , Alwahaishi Saleh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study identifies and predicts the factors that determine journalists’ acceptance of VR in journalism and news production, and their intention to adopt this technology in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). A total of 787 online survey responses were analyzed. On a theoretical level, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) constructs were used to identify the independent variables and develop the research hypotheses. The study found that perceived efficiency of VR is related to the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of VR in journalism. Respondents’ behavioral intentions to accept and adopt VR in journalism are contingent upon how these journalists perceive VR as an innovative way to reach audiences and engage them. The paper contributes to our understanding of respondents’ behavioral intentions to accept and adopt VR in journalism. Those intensions are contingent upon how these journalists perceive VR as an innovative way to reach audiences and engage them, including how various media outlets around the world are using VR.
Parallel transport on non-collapsed 𝖱𝖢𝖣(𝐾, 𝑁) spaces
Authors: Caputo Emanuele , Gigli Nicola , Pasqualetto Enrico 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We provide a general theory for parallel transport on non-collapsed

RCD

\mathsf{RCD}

spaces obtaining both existence and uniqueness results.
Our theory covers the case of geodesics and, more generally, of curves obtained via the flow of sufficiently regular time dependent vector fields: the price that we pay for this generality is that we cannot study parallel transport along a single such curve, but only along almost all of these (in a sense related to the notions of Sobolev vector calculus and regular Lagrangian flow in the non-smooth setting).
The class of

ncRCD

\mathsf{ncRCD}

spaces contains finite-dimensional Alexandrov spaces with curvature bounded from below; thus our construction provides a way of speaking about parallel transport in this latter setting alternative to the one proposed by Petrunin in [Parallel transportation for Alexandrov space with curvature bounded below, Geom. Funct. Anal.
8 (1998), 1, 123–148].
The precise relation between the two approaches is yet to be understood.
Menstrual Cycle Phase–Based Strength & Conditioning Training for Elite Team Sport Female Athletes
Authors: Moore Sam R. , Bruinvels Georgie , Smith-Ryan Abbie E. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Despite continued success, female athletes are still underresourced and minoritized in research and applied spaces. This has translated to disparate injury and health outcomes among female athletes resulting from a sport infrastructure built on male physiology. The purpose of this article is to propose an evidence- and experience-based menstrual cycle (MC) phase–based training model for practitioners working with elite female athletes in team sport. Here, we provide physiological rationale, privacy considerations, and best practices to support female-centric training. The following model proposes periodization based on a theorized capacity of adaptation rather than acute performance or symptomology alone because evidence suggests that performance changes across the MC may be highly individual. In addition, strength and conditioning programs are formulated to balance stressors and recovery in the pursuit of optimal adaptation, irrelevant of acute exercise performance. Finally, we identify future directions for applied practitioners and researchers, and the potential need for collaborative innovations between the communities. Creating a training model based on the physiology and experience of female athletes communicates to female athletes that they belong in sport and are worthy of our time, attention, and resources to improve their health, safety, and performance now and through active retirement.
Comparative analysis of PI3K-AKT and MEK-ERK1/2 signaling-driven molecular changes in granulosa cells
Authors: Baddela Vijay Simha , Michaelis Marten , Tao Xuelian , Koczan Dirk , Brenmoehl Julia , Vanselow Jens 
Published: December 2024

In briefPI3K-AKT signaling activates steroidogenesis by inducing estradiol and progesterone production, while MEK-ERK1/2 signaling regulates steroidogenesis by inhibiting estradiol and inducing progesterone production in granulosa cells (GCs). Both pathways are essential for glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism in these cells.AbstractThe PI3K-AKT and MEK-ERK1/2 signaling pathways are integral to fundamental cellular processes, such as proliferation, viability and differentiation. In GCs, these pathways are activated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and IGF1 through respective receptors. We investigated the comparative transcriptome changes induced by the AKT and ERK (ERK1/2) pathways using corresponding inhibitors in GCs. GCs isolated from antral follicles showed positive signals for phospho-AKT and phospho-ERK proteins. Treatment of cultured GCs with FSH and IGF1 induced phospho-AKT and phospho-ERK levels. Transcriptome analysis revealed 1436 genes regulated by AKT and 654 genes regulated by the ERK pathway. Among these, 94 genes were commonly downregulated and 11 genes were commonly upregulated in both datasets, while 110 genes were oppositely regulated. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the inhibition of the PI3K-AKT and MEK-ERK pathways downregulates key reproductive processes and upstream molecules. Notably, AKT inhibition affected FSH, ESRRG and HIF1 pathways, while ERK inhibition impacted CG, FOS, TGFβ, EGR1 and LH pathways. Transcriptome data showed that genes related to estradiol production were inhibited by ERK and induced by the AKT pathway. This was verified by radioimmunoassays, and mRNA and protein analysis of CYP19A1 and STAR genes. In addition, transcriptome data suggested the downregulation of glucose metabolism in GCs. Using validation experiments, we confirm that both pathways are essential for glucose uptake, lactate production and mitochondrial activity in GCs. These data provide a resource for informing future research for analyzing various novel candidate genes regulated by the AKT and ERK pathways in GCs and other cell types.
Development of eco-friendly UPLC methods for metformin and empagliflozin by combining green chemistry with analytical quality by design
Authors: Vijayamma Gummalla , Nirmala S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe need to develop environmentally friendly analytical approaches has driven the pharmaceutical industry to seek greener alternatives. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) is known for its efficiency but traditionally relies on toxic solvents. Integrating Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) principles aims to address environmental concerns while maintaining analytical performance. This work aims to advance and authenticate a green, efficient UPLC method for the concurrent quantification of Metformin (MET) and Empagliflozin (EPI) in tablet formulations, adhering to green chemistry principles and ensuring high analytical accuracy. The method was optimized using a UPLC-PDA system with a phenyl column and a mobile phase of ethanol and perchloric acid. Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) was employed to optimize critical method parameters. Environmental impact was assessed using metrics such as GAPI, AMGS, and AGREE. Degradation studies under various stress conditions were performed to test method robustness. The method achieved high recovery rates for MET and EPI, with minimal interference from excipients. The environmental evaluation showed a high Analytical Eco-Score (AES) of 97, indicating low environmental impact. The AGREE score of 0.89 confirmed excellent alignment with green chemistry principles. Degradation studies confirmed the method's stability and reliability under stress conditions. The developed UPLC method demonstrates a significant advancement in analytical sustainability, offering an eco-friendly, efficient, and precise approach to drug analysis. The method's high alignment with green chemistry principles and its effectiveness in quantifying MET and EPI highlight its potential as a model for sustainable analytical practices in pharmaceutical analysis.
Macrophage-Derived Type 1 IFN, Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Polyploidization, and AKI-to-CKD Transition
Authors: Wang Yaqin , Lan Qigang , Li Fugang , Xiong Jiachuan , Xie Hailun , Gong Shuiqin , Yao Mengying , Lv Liangjing , Qin Shaozong , Xin Wang , Zhang Aihong , Zhou Siyan , Huang Yinghui , Zhao Jinghong 
Published: December 2024

Key Points

Macrophage-derived IFN-β contributes to tubular epithelial cell polyploidization after AKI.IFN-β induced tubular epithelial cell polyploidization by regulating inorganic pyrophosphatase-mediated yes-associated protein (YAP) dephosphorylation.Delayed blockade of the IFN-β response attenuated persistent polyploidization and kidney fibrosis.

Background
AKI is recognized as a common risk factor of CKD. Renal tubular epithelial cell polyploidization after AKI is closely associated with maladaptive repair, while the regulatory and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we set out to investigate the mechanism of tubular epithelial cell polyploidization and their role in AKI-to-CKD transition.

Methods
The change characters of polyploid tubular epithelial cells and macrophages after AKI were detected by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. The underlying mechanism was explored by RNA-sequencing analysis, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. The role of tubular epithelial cell polyploidization in AKI-to-CKD transition was evaluated by transgenic mice and drug interventions.

Results
We discovered that tubular epithelial cells underwent polyploidization after AKI, and polyploid tubular epithelial cells exhibited greater fibrotic phenotypes than nonpolyploid cells. Furthermore, we revealed an upregulated IFN-β response feature within tubular epithelial cells after AKI and identified that macrophage-derived IFN-β bound to IFN-I receptor 1 of tubular epithelial cells and induced their polyploidization. Mechanistically, IFN-β, secreted by macrophages through activation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-AMP synthase-stimulator of IFN genes pathway, acted on tubular epithelial cells and facilitated inorganic pyrophosphatase binding to yes-associated protein (YAP), which mediated YAP dephosphorylation and subsequent nuclear translocation, culminating in p21 expression and polyploidization. Importantly, delayed blockade of the IFN-β response and pharmacological inhibition of stimulator of IFN genes or YAP activation on day 4 after AKI significantly attenuated persistent tubular epithelial cell polyploidization and AKI-induced kidney fibrosis.

Conclusions
Macrophage-derived IFN-β contributed to tubular epithelial cell polyploidization by regulating inorganic pyrophosphatase/YAP signaling pathway–mediated p21 expression and further promoted AKI-to-CKD transition.
СУБЪЕКТЫ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ И ИНФРАСТРУКТУРНЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ: ЧАСТНЫЕ ИНТЕРЕСЫ И ПРОБЛЕМА ИХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ
Authors: Альпидовская Марина Леонидовна , Сироткина Анастасия Ильинична 
Published: December 2024

Целью исследования является оценка соответствия глобальных инфраструктурных и экологических проектов, реализуемых в рамках экологической повестки, общественным экономическим интересам.
Методология исследования. К используемым научным методам относится причинно-следственный анализ.
Результаты исследования. В представленной статье анализируются материалы наднациональных структур и научных объединений, посвященные концепции устойчивого развития, её целям и задачам, а также фактической реализации предлагаемых мероприятий в части глобальных экологических и инфраструктурных проектов. Проведённые в данной статье исследования показали, что модификация всей либеральной социально-экономической системы с позиций рассматриваемых источников для общего противостояния грядущим кризисам возможна исключительно в контуре единой информационной системы, объединяющей все сферы жизнедеятельности человека и общества и позволяющей принимать оперативные решения для достижения целей устойчивого развития, в том числе за счёт использования новых инструментов финансовой системы и «нерыночных механизмов». В статье прослеживается прямая связь между реализуемыми задачами по трансформации глобальной либеральной социально-экономической системы и внедрением концепции устойчивого развития, концентрирующегося на экологической повестке, непосредственно связанной со всеми сферами социально-экономических отношений, но при этом фактически реализующей частные экономические интересы.
Перспективы исследования заключаются в углублении научного знания в области фундаментальных экономических основ глобальной структурной трансформации и, как следствие, реализации глобальных инфраструктурных и экологических проектов.