bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potentials of Betel Leaf Infusion (Piper betle L), Lime Peel Extract (Citrus aurantifolia) and Bundung Extract (Actinoscirpus grossus) as Candidiasis Therapy
Authors: Kurniawati Darini , Nastiti Kunti 
Published: October 2020

Abstract: Candidiasis is an infection caused by the fungus Candida, especially Candida albicans. It often occurs in the mouth and sex organs, also in the nails, respiratory tract, digestive tract, and anus. Betel leaf stew is often used by people to gargle and clean the intimate organs. The nature of the betel leaf solution is easily oxidized and turns brown. Therefore, research needs to be done by mixing betel leaf (Piper betle L) with lime (Citrus aurantifolia) to maintain the color of betel leaf, coupled with natural ingredients that have antimicrobial properties, namely lime peel and bundung plants (Actinoscirpus grossus). With the hypothesis of the joining of three natural materials that have antimicrobial activity can strengthen the inhibitory activity of the fungus Candida albicans. This research was conducted by making a betel leaf infusion formulation, lime peel extract, and bundung extract with a concentration of 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% which were then tested to determine the effect of the infusion formulation on the inhibitory activity of Candida albicans by the method spread on Saburoud Dextrose Agar media. Based on Zuraidah's research (2015), 80% and 100% betel leaf extraction has activity on Candida albicans. From the results of this study significant results were obtained at a concentration of 50% of a mixture of betel leaf infusion formulations, extracts of lime peel and bundung extract had the same inhibitory properties as the hand sanitizer antiseptic liquid against Candida albicans. Thus it can be concluded that the 50% test formulation of betel leaf infusion mixture with lime extract and bundung extract has greater potential than betel leaf extract alone as a candidiasis therapy. Keywords: Piper betle L, Citruss aurantifolia, Actinoscirpus grossus, Antiseptik, Kandidiasis, Candida albicans
Variabilitas dan Korelasi Genotipik dan Fenotipik 10 Genotipe Tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)
Authors: Wahyu Resti , Tahir M , Wiwik Indrawati 
Published: October 2020

<p>Patchouli Aceh Lhokseumawe is a patchouli that has a high oil content. However, the Lhokseumawe species have narrow plant genetic variation due to vegetative propagation. This study aims to analysis broad genetic variability and phenotypes, correlation between growth character and strong yield character to help selection in plant breeding. The research was conducted at experimental field of the Politeknik Negeri Lampung in April until October 2018. The research used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 genotype and 3 replications. Analysis of the data used is ANOVA, if significantly different followed by the LSI 5%, then using variability genotype and phenotype and t test. The result showed that NPL 1 had a better appearance than the Lhokseumawe (local) genotype in the LSI 5%. Extensive genotype variability was found ini g/plant dry weight character and ton/ha dry terna production, broad phenotype variability was found in all observed characters. High heritability is found in the characters of stem diameter, wet weight, dry weight, and production of dry ton/ha. Significantly positive phenotypic correlations that have high oil yield are characterized by the characteristics of dry weight, ton/ha dry cattle production, wet weight, and harvest index. Positive genotypic correlations were evident between growth and yield characters, namely the oil yield with leaf length, and leaf width.</p>
Evaluation of Leadership Programs (PIM) Level III For Civil Servants In The Education and Training Center (Pusdiklat) of The Ministry of Manpower (Kemnaker) RI
Authors: Sudiharto  , Purwana Dedi , Tunas Billy 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of Level III Education and Training Program (PIM III) for Civil Servants (PNS) in the Education and Training Center Institution of the Ministry of Manpower Republic of Indonesia (Pusdiklat Kemnaker RI), so that it can be used by policy makers to improve its implementation. The research method uses the program evaluation model CIPP (Context, Input, Process and Product) and Impact. Evaluation was carried out on the implementation of Program Diklat PIM III held in the 2015-2016 period by the Pusdiklat Kemnaker RI. In this study involved 57 informants from the Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform (PAN RB) as regulators, the State Administration Institute (LAN) as the implementing policy, National Board for Placement and Protection of Indonesian Overseas Workers (BNP2TKI ) as a place for alumni and the Pusdiklat Kemnaker RI as the organizer. Overall the results of evaluation research on the implementation of the Program Diklat PIM III by the Pusdiklat Kemnaker RI is considered to be Less or 57.69% of the evaluation criteria can be met. The Context Sub-focus (C) reaches a value of Very Less or 40.43%; The Input subfocus achieved a Good value or 77.92%; The Process sub-focus (P) achieves Very Good or 100%; The Product sub-focus (P) achieves less or 59% and The Impact (I) of alumni on organizations reach Very Less or 11.1%. The recommendations of this study can be applied to the Program Diklat PIM III Cycle Model as part of the Echelon III Position Selection with the central point of the Echelon III Structural Position Competence set by the measured and traceable PANRB so as to produce superior and competitive human resources personnel.
Strategic Leadership For The Implementation of Three Values of Higher Education Performed by The Indonesian Defense University (IDU) In The 2015-2018 Period
Authors: Dohamid Ahmad Gafuri , Akbar Ma'ruf , Luddin Muchlis R. 
Published: October 2020

This research will discuss about IDU’s management in strategic leadership to implement Three Values of Higher Education in the 2015-2018 period of time using qualitative method of research. The result obtained from the research show that in educational aspect, IDU has taken necessary strategic steps for IDU’s improvement. IDU manages the resources that are owned by IDU in academic aspect. IDU has done management processes according to the vision and mission during their time of leadership. In research department, the strategic leadership of IDU is not conducted optimally, especially when using and keeping the core competency. In community service, IDU is not capable in creating an innovation for the community. It is also found in the research that the biggest challenge that IDU has is regarding human resources. Most of the lecturers teach in IDU do not have defense background in their previous education.
Content Themes and Influential Voices Within Vaccine Opposition on Twitter, 2019
Authors: Bonnevie Erika , Goldbarg Jaclyn , Gallegos-Jeffrey Allison K. , Rosenberg Sarah D. , Wartella Ellen , Smyser Joe 
Published: October 2020

Objectives. To report on vaccine opposition and misinformation promoted on Twitter, highlighting Twitter accounts that drive conversation.Methods. We used supervised machine learning to code all Twitter posts. We first identified codes and themes manually by using a grounded theoretical approach and then applied them to the full data set algorithmically. We identified the top 50 authors month-over-month to determine influential sources of information related to vaccine opposition.Results. The data collection period was June 1 to December 1, 2019, resulting in 356 594 mentions of vaccine opposition. A total of 129 Twitter authors met the qualification of a top author in at least 1 month. Top authors were responsible for 59.5% of vaccine-opposition messages. We identified 10 conversation themes. Themes were similarly distributed across top authors and all other authors mentioning vaccine opposition. Top authors appeared to be highly coordinated in their promotion of misinformation within themes.Conclusions. Public health has struggled to respond to vaccine misinformation. Results indicate that sources of vaccine misinformation are not as heterogeneous or distributed as it may first appear given the volume of messages. There are identifiable upstream sources of misinformation, which may aid in countermessaging and public health surveillance.
A fast impedance-based antimicrobial susceptibility test
Authors: Spencer Daniel C. , Paton Teagan , Inglis Timothy J.J. , Sutton J. Mark , Morgan Hywel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop simple and fast antimicrobial susceptibility tests that allow informed prescribing of antibiotics. In this protocol we describe a method for a label-free AST that can deliver results within an hour, using an actively dividing culture as starting material.
Beneficial effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid prevents a prooxidant status and hyperlipidemia in pregnant rats with diabetes
Authors: Sun Bingmei , Yan Hua , Li Chao , Yin Linlin , Li Fei , Zhou Lianxiang , Han Xiuqing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus has a long-term effect on pregnant women. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) possesses multifarious pharmacological activities. This study investigated the beneficial effects of walnut oil-derived PUFA on glucose metabolism, pregnancy outcomes, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods: The GDM rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 6, GD7 and GD8. The differences between groups were estimated using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s multiple comparison test for post-hoc analysis.Results: The results indicated that PUFA could mitigate GDM in pregnant diabetic rats, as embodied by the decrease of fasting blood glucose and the increase of plasma insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Also, PUFA could suppress oxidative stress in pregnant diabetic rats, as reflected by the decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, an increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and gutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. PUFA could also mitigate the abnormal changes of lipid profiles in plasma and hepatic tissue. Moreover, the relative mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1 (SREBP-1), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), was suppressed by PUFA in pregnant diabetic rats.Conclusions: These results suggested that PUFA supplementation during pregnancy is beneficial in preventing diabetic complications in pregnant rats.
Google analytics of a pilot study to characterize the visitor website statistics and implicate for enrollment strategies in Medical University
Authors: Chen Szu-Chieh , Tsao Thomas Chang-Yao , Lue Ko-Huang , Tsai Yafang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Due to decreasing fertility rates in Taiwan, colleges and universities face significant difficulties in maintaining student attendance. This study aims to investigate students in the higher education market and explore their online behavior patterns in relation to university departmental websites to provide response strategies with the aim of potentially increasing enrollment. Methods: We used Google Analytics (GA) tools to analyze two departmental websites from a medical university between February 1 and July 30, 2018. We also observed website patterns during relevant periods for three college admission routes (Stars Program, Personal Application, and Admission by Examination and Placement). Results: Visitors were mostly between 18 and 24 years of age during the three visiting date ranges for the two departments analyzed. The visitor groups were mainly freshmen at the university, and secondarily their parents. The majority of visitors visited “Homepage,” “Subject Credits,” “Course Planning,” “Teacher Lineup,” and “Certificate of Subjects.” The overall timing of daily page views varied depending on academic events. Conclusions: Results suggest that the department should consider enhancing the presentation of its featured courses on the webpage or distinguish their course characteristics from those of competing departments in the curriculum to ensure clear market segmentation. It is recommended that each department consider the obtainable data online and identify suitable high schools to visit to attract potential students and improve student willingness to choose this university.
CT, US and MRI of Xanthine Urinary Stones: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Analyses
Authors: Shamir Stephanie , Peng Qi , Schoenfeld Alan , Drzewiecki Beth , Liszewski Mark 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Xanthine urinary stones are a rare entity that may occur in patients with Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome receiving allopurinol. There is little literature describing imaging characteristics of these stones, and the most appropriate approach to imaging these stones is therefore unclear. We performed in-vitro and in-vivo analyses of xanthine stones using computed tomography (CT) at different energy levels, ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: Five pure xanthine stones from a child with Lesch-Nyhan were imaged in-vitro and in-vivo. CT of the stones was performed at 80kVp, 100kVp, 120kVp and 140kVp and CT numbers of the stones were recorded in Hounsfield units (HU). US of the stones was performed and echogenicity, acoustic shadowing and twinkle artifact were assessed. MRI of the stones was performed and included T2-weighted, ultrashort echo-time (UTE)-weighted and T2/T1-weighted 3D bFFE sequences and signal was assessed. Results: In-vitro analysis on CT demonstrated that xanthine stones were radiodense and the average attenuation coefficient did not differ with varying kVp, measuring 331.0+/-51.7HU at 80kVp, 321.4+/-63.4HU at 100kVp, 329.7+/-54.2HU at 120kVp and 328.4+/-61.1HU at 140kVp. In-vivo analysis on CT resulted in an average attenuation of 354+/-35HU. On US, xanthine stones where echogenic with acoustic shadowing and twinkle artifact. On MRI, stones lacked signal on all tested sequences. Conclusion: Xanthine stone analyses, both in-vitro and in-vivo, demonstrate imaging characteristics typical of most urinary stones: dense on CT, echogenic on US, and lacking signal on MRI. Therefore, the approach to imaging xanthine stones should be comparable to that of other urinary stones.
Comparative investigation of different telemetric methods for measuring intracranial pressure: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Rot Sergej , Dweek Mamon , Gutowski Pawel , Goelz Leonie , Meier Ullrich , Lemcke Johannes 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) plays an important role in long-term monitoring and neuro-intensive treatment of patients with a cerebral shunt. Currently, only two complete telemetric implants with different technical features are available worldwide. This prospective pilot study aims to examine patients who had both probes implanted at overlapping times for clinical reasons and represents the first in vivo comparison of both measurement methods.

Materials and methods: Patients with a primary subarachnoid hemorrhage or a spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with ventricular hemorrhage who had received a telemetric ICP probe (Raumedic ® NEUROVENT ® -P-tel) were included in the study. Conventional external ventricular drainages (EVD) and ventriculoperitoneal shunts with a telemetric ICP probe (Miethke Sensor Reservoir) were implanted in patients with hydrocephalus who required CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) drainage. Absolute ICP values from all systems were obtained. Due to the overlapping implantation time, parallel ICP measurements were performed via two devices simultaneously. ICP measurements via the sensor reservoir were repeated after three and nine months. Differences between the absolute ICP values measured via the NEUROVENT ® -P-tel probe, the Miethke sensor reservoir ® , and the EVD were analyzed.

Results: Eighteen patients were included in the present study between 2016 and 2018. 63% of all patients were male. In 11 patients the ICP measurements were followed up with both devices for 3 months. ICP measurements of the sensor reservoirs showed corresponding trends in 9 cases compared to ICP measurement via the telemetry probe or EVD. Difference in absolute ICP values ranged between 14.5 mmHg and 0.0 mmHg. The average difference of the absolute ICP values in 8 cases was ≤ 3.5 mmHg.

Conclusion: ICP measurements with both systems continuously showed synchronous absolute ICP values, however absolute values of ICP measurement with the different systems did not match.
Prevalence and correlates of transactional sex among women of low socioeconomic status in Portland, Oregon
Authors: Menza Timothy W , Lipira Lauren , Bhattarai Amisha , Cali-DeLeon Victoria , Orellana Roberto 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Women who report transactional sex are at increased risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, in the United States, social, behavioral, and trauma-related vulnerabilities associated with transactional sex are understudied and data on access to biomedical HIV prevention among women who report transactional sex are limited. Methods: In 2016, we conducted a population-based, cross-sectional survey of women of low socioeconomic status recruited via respondent-driven sampling in Portland, Oregon. We calculated the prevalence and, assessed the correlates of, transactional sex using generalized linear models accounting for sampling design. We also compared health outcomes, HIV screening, and knowledge and uptake of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) between women who did and did not report transactional sex. Results: Of 334 women, 13.6% reported transactional sex (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.8%, 20.5%). Women who reported transactional sex were older, more likely to identify as black, to identify as lesbian or bisexual, to experience childhood trauma and recent sexual violence, and to have been homeless. Six percent (95%CI: 1.8%, 10.5%) of women with no adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) reported transactional sex compared to 23.8% (95%CI: 13.0%, 34.6%) of women who reported eleven ACEs ( P <0.001). Transactional sex was strongly associated with combination methamphetamine and opiate use as well as condomless sex. Women who reported transactional sex were more likely to report being diagnosed with a bacterial STI and hepatitis C; however, HIV screening and pre-exposure prophylaxis knowledge and use were low. Conclusions: In a sample of women of low socioeconomic status in Portland, Oregon, transactional sex was characterized by marginalized identities, homelessness, childhood trauma, sexual violence, substance use, and sexual vulnerability to HIV/STI. Multi-level interventions that address these social, behavioral, and trauma-related factors and increase access to biomedical HIV prevention are critical to the sexual health of women who engage in transactional sex.
Global trends of antimicrobial susceptibility of ceftaroline and ceftazidime-avibactam: a surveillance study from the ATLAS program (2012-2016)
Authors: Zhang Hui , Xu Yingchun , Jia Peiyao , Zhu Ying , Zhang Ge , Zhang Jingjia , Duan Simeng , Kang Wei , Wang Tong , Jing Ran , Cheng Jingwei , Liu Yali , Yang Qiwen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background:This study reports the global trends of antimicrobial susceptibility toceftaroline and ceftazidime-avibactam using data from the Antimicrobial Testing Leadership And Surveillance (ATLAS)programbetween2012and2016.Methods:For the 2012-2016 ATLAS program, 205 medical centers located in Africa-Middle East (n=12), Asia-Pacific (n=32), Europe (n=94), Latin America (n=26), North America (n=31), and Oceania (n=10) consecutively collected the clinical isolates. Theminimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) andin vitro susceptibilities toceftarolineandceftazidime-avibactam were assessed using the Clinical andLaboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2019and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) 2019 guidelines.Results:Between 2012 and 2016, 176,345 isolates were collectedfrom around the globeand included in theanalysis.Regarding Gram-negative bacteria, ceftazidime-avibactam demonstrated high susceptibility (>90%) against EnterobacteriaceaeandPseudomonas aeruginosa, with increasedantimicrobial activity observed from the addition of avibactam (4 mg/L) to ceftazidime.Regarding Gram-positive bacteria, ceftaroline showed >90% susceptibility againstStaphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, α-and β-hemolytic Streptococcus.The antimicrobial susceptibilitiestoceftaroline and ceftazidime-avibactam were mostly stable from 2012 to 2016, but the susceptibilitiestoceftazidime-avibactam to carbapenem-resistant (CR)Klebsiella pneumoniae(88.4% to 81.6%) and to CR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa(89.6% to 72.7%) decreased over time. In terms of regional difference, the susceptibilities of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusto ceftaroline in Asia and of CR-Klebsiella pneumoniaeto ceftazidime-avibactam in Asia/Africa-Middle East were lowercompared with other regions,while the susceptibility of CR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime-avibactam in North America was higher.Conclusion: The addition of avibactam improves the activity of ceftazidime against EnterobacteriaceaeandPseudomonas aeruginosa. The global antimicrobial susceptibilitiestoceftaroline and ceftazidime-avibactam were, in general, stable from 2012 to 2016, but a marked reduction in the susceptibilities of specific species andCR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa toceftazidime-avibactam was observed.
The inhibitory effect of curcumin via fascin suppression through JAK/STAT3 pathway on metastasis and recurrence of ovary cancer cells.
Authors: Kim Mi Ju 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background

fascin is an actin-binding protein and highly expressed in ovarian cancer cells. It is associated with metastasis of cancer and may be a useful prognostic factor. Anticancer activity of curcumin is related to its effect on several signaling mechanisms. Although there have been many reports regarding the anticancer properties of curcumin, its inhibitory effects on migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells, particularly in the context of fascin expression, have not been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin on fascin expression in ovarian cancer cells and to propose a possible mechanism for the anticancer activity of curcumin through reduced fascin expression.

Methods

SKOV3, human epithelial ovary cancer cell line, was cultured with curcumin at various dose and duration. The fascin was quantified using cell viability test and Western blot. To determine the effect of curcumin on the upstream pathway of fascin expression, the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was analyzed by sandwich-ELISA. Attachment assay, migration assay and invasion assay were analyzed to approve the change of cellular invasiveness of ovary cancer after curcumin. To determine the morphological changes of ovarian cancer cells by curcumin, immunofluorescence was performed.

Results

MTS assays showed that cell viability was different at various concentration of curcumin, and as concentration increased, cell viability tended to decrease. Curcumin appears to suppress fascin expression, even with a minimal concentration and short exposure time. Also, curcumin may suppress fascin expression in ovarian cancer cells through STAT3 downregulation. The attachment assay, migration assay and invasion assay of the ovarian cancer cells exhibited a statistically significant decrease. Immunofluorescence revealed a change of cell shape from a typical form of uninfluenced cells to a more polygonal appearance, with a significant reduction in filopodia formation.

Conclusions

Curcumin reduces fascin expression through JAK/STAT3 pathway inhibition, which interferes with the cellular interactions essential for the metastasis and recurrence of ovarian cancer cells. Higher curcumin concentrations and longer exposure times concomitantly decreased fascin expression.