bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dosimetric impact of organ at risk daily variation during prostate stereotactic ablative radiotherapy
Authors: Devlin Lynsey , Dodds David , Sadozye Azmat , McLoone Philip , MacLeod Nicholas , Lamb Carolynn , Currie Suzanne , Thomson Stefanie , Duffton Aileen 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
Prostate stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) delivers large doses using a fast dose rate. This amplifies the effect geometric uncertainties have on normal tissue dose. The aim of this study was to determine whether the treatment dose–volume histogram (DVH) agrees with the planned dose to organs at risk (OAR).

Methods:
41 low–intermediate risk prostate cancer patients were treated with SABR using a linac based technique. Dose prescribed was 35 Gy in five fractions delivered on alternate days, planned using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with 10X flattening filter free (FFF). On treatment, prostate was matched to fiducial markers on cone beam CT (CBCT). OAR were retrospectively delineated on 205 pre-treatment CBCT images. Daily CBCT contours were overlaid on the planning CT for dosimetric analysis. Verification plan used to evaluate the daily DVH for each structure. The daily doses received by OAR were recorded using the D%.

Results:
The median rectum and bladder volumes at planning were 67.1 cm3 (interquartile range 56.4–78.2) and 164.4 cm3 (interquartile range 120.3–213.4) respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in median rectal volume at each of the five treatment scans compared to the planning scan (p = 0.99). This was also the case for median bladder volume (p = 0.79). The median dose received by rectum and bladder at each fraction was higher than planned, at the majority of dose levels. For rectum the increase ranged from 0.78–1.64Gy and for bladder 0.14–1.07Gy. The percentage of patients failing for rectum D35% &lt; 18 Gy (p = 0.016), D10% &lt; 28 Gy (p = 0.004), D5% &lt; 32 Gy (p = 0.0001), D1% &lt; 35 Gy (p = 0.0001) and bladder D1% &lt; 35 Gy (p = 0.001) at treatment were all statistically significant.

Conclusion:
In this cohort of prostate SABR patients, we estimate the OAR treatment DVH was higher than planned. This was due to rectal and bladder organ variation.

Advances in knowledge:
OAR variation in prostate SABR using a FFF technique, may cause the treatment DVH to be higher than planned.
Diagnostic accuracy of signal loss in in-phase gradient-echo images for differentiation between small renal cell carcinoma and lipid-poor angiomyolipomas
Authors: Lima Francisco V.A. , Elias Jorge , Chahud Fernando , Reis Rodolfo B. , Muglia Valdair F. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives:
To assess the diagnostic accuracy of signal loss on in-phase (IP) gradient-echo (GRE) images for differentiation between renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) and lipid-poor angiomyolipomas (lpAMLs).

Methods:
We retrospectively searched our institutional database for histologically proven small RCCs (&lt;5.0 cm) and AMLs without visible macroscopic fat (lpAMLs). Two experienced radiologists assessed MRIs qualitatively, to depict signal loss foci on IP GRE images. A third radiologist drew regions of interest (ROIs) on the same lesions, on IP and out-of-phase (OP) images to calculate the ratio of signal loss. Diagnostic accuracy parameters were calculated for both techniques and the inter-reader agreement for the qualitative analysis was evaluated using the κ test.

Results:
15 (38.4%) RCCs lost their signal on IP images, with a sensitivity of 38.5% (95% CI = 23.4–55.4), a specificity of 100% (71.1–100), a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100% (73.4–100), a negative predictive value (NPV) of 31.4% (26.3–37.0), and an overall accuracy of 52% (37.4–66.3%). In terms of the quantitative analysis, the signal intensity index (SII= [(SIIP – SIOP) / SIOP] x 100) for RCCs was −0.132 ± 0.05, while for AMLs it was −0.031 ± 0.02, p = 0.26. The AUC was 0.414 ± −0.09 (0.237–0.592). Using 19% of signal loss as the threshold, sensitivity was 16% and specificity was 100%. The κappa value for subjective analysis was 0.63.

Conclusion:
Signal loss in “IP” images, assessed subjectively, was highly specific for distinction between RCCs and lpAMLs, although with low sensitivity. The findings can be used to improve the preoperative diagnostic accuracy of MRI for renal masses.

Advances in knowledge:
Signal loss on “IP” GRE images is a reliable sign for differentiation between RCC and lpAMLs.
Health inequities in unscheduled healthcare for children with intellectual disabilities in Ireland: a study protocol
Authors: Nicholson Emma , Doherty Edel , Somanadhan Suja , Guerin Suzanne , Schreiber James , Bury Gerard , Kroll Thilo , Raley Meredith , McAuliffe Eilish 
Published: January 2020

Background: Health inequities for children with intellectual disabilities (ID) are prevalent within different health systems, and children with ID have shorter life expectancies than the general population, higher mortality rates before the age of 17 and have a greater risk of potentially preventable hospitalisations. A health systems approach to research in this area provides a useful means through which research can inform policy and practice to ensure people with ID receive equitable healthcare; however, there is a paucity of evidence regarding how to address differences that have been described in the literature to date. The overall aim of this research is to establish the extent of health inequities for children with ID in Ireland compared to children without ID with respect to their utilisation of primary care and rates of hospitalisation, and to gain a better understanding of what influences utilisation of primary care and ED services in this population. Methods and analysis: The design of this research adopts a mixed-methods approach: statistical analysis of health data to determine the extent of health inequities in relation to healthcare utilisation; discrete choice experiments to explore General Practitioners’ decision making and parental preferences for optimal care; and concept mapping to develop consensus between stakeholders on how to address current healthcare inequities. Discussion: By applying a systems lens to the issue of health inequities for children with ID, the research hopes to gain a thorough understanding of the varying components that can contribute to the maintenance of such healthcare inequities. A key output from the research will be a set of feasible solutions and interventions that can address health inequities for this population.
La aceptabilidad de las acciones wrongful birth en el marco de la Teoría Discursiva del Derecho de Jürgen Habermas
Authors: Bastidas Goyes Luis Guillermo , Rueda Barrera Eduardo Alfonso 
Published: January 2020

En este artículo se examina la aceptabilidad de las acciones wrongful birth (WB) a partir de la teoría discursiva del derecho de Jürgen Habermas. Inicialmente, se describe el alcance que tienen hoy diversas pruebas genéticas para informar decisiones reproductivas. En un segundo momento, se delimitan reclamaciones judiciales presentadas en ordenamientos jurídicos que admiten la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo (IVE), debido a afectaciones en el embrión y el feto que no fueron conocidas por los padres por no seguirse la lex artis ad hoc en el diagnóstico preconceptivo, preimplantatorio y prenatal. En tercer lugar, se explican los puntos con base en los cuales Habermas, en debate con Thomas McCarthy, propone la evaluación de la legitimidad de normas y fallos judiciales en términos de discursos de fundamentación y aplicación. Finalmente, se plantean las consecuencias que surgen de estos argumentos para valorar la admisibilidad de este tipo de demandas.
Widely separated optical Kerr parametric oscillation in AlN microrings
Authors: Tang Yulong , Gong Zheng , Liu Xianwen , Tang Hong X. 
Published: January 2020

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-based optical parametric oscillation (OPO) with widely separated signal–idler frequencies from crystalline aluminum nitride microrings pumped at

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z

, the OPO frequency can also be agilely tuned in the ranges of 1 and 0.1 THz, respectively, by shifting the pump wavelength and controlling the chip’s temperature. At high pump powers, the OPO sidebands further evolve into localized frequency comb lines. Such large-frequency-shift OPO with flexible wavelength tunability will lead to enhanced chip-scale light sources.
Brillouin scattering induced by shear acoustic mode in a step-index fiber
Authors: Cao Min , Huang Lin , Tang Min , Mi Yuean , Ren Guobin 
Published: January 2020

We present the mechanism of backward Brillouin scattering induced by shear acoustic mode (SAM) in a step-index fiber. Unlike a longitudinal acoustic mode with negligible transverse displacement, a SAM has both considerable transverse and longitudinal displacements. During the light–sound coupling process, the fundamental and high-order SAMs can be guided and excited, ultimately generating a Brillouin gain spectrum with multipeak structure in a frequency range around 6 GHz. The interaction characteristics of the optical force with the displacement of all excited SAMs determine a partial cancellation effect, which is of great importance for the coupling coefficient of the optical–acoustic modes. The SAM-induced backward Brillouin scattering would provide a promising new approach for application such as multiparameter sensing.
The combine synergies between Islamic Micro Finance Portfolio and various Structured Finance Solutions
Authors: Shabbir Malik Shahzad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose: The objective of this study is to combine the both Islamic micro finance portfolio and structured finance within the limits of Shariah. However, sustainability and access to traditional funding sources by micro finance institutions (MFI) have remained a pressing issue for the finance industry. The traditional sources of finance such as commercial banks have been unwilling and reluctant to join hands with micro finance institutions.Design/methodology/approach A unique structured proposal for business model is suggested in this paper. It combines synergies of structured finance solution for Islamic banks to join hands with existing micro finance providers. The proposed business model will enhance the financing capacity of the existing micro finance Industry by a staggering two thirds, simply by bringing in matching funds from traditional sources. These funds are based on the strong business model using synergies and financially innovative structured solution proposed for risk management etc.Finding It is a commercially viable solution which is capable of being replicated for the entire industry with a huge win-win for all. The results reveal that helping hands for relief development (HHRD) would be providing its share of Rs.115 Million (1045454.54 US dollars) to be matched on 60:40 ratios with Meezan Bank Limited (MBL). Furthermore, Rs.76.667 Million (696972.72 US dollars) and the total Rs.191.667 Million (1742427.27 US dollars) have matched on 30:70 bases between both HHRD and MBL regarding challenges of financial innovation.Originality/valueThis study highlights the issue, why financial institutions of Pakistan especially government sector banks avoided to joint hands with micro finance providers for various reason. These reasons are discussed in detail with proper solution in the paper.
Diseño y artesanado: una mirada contemporánea
Authors: Martínez-Osorio Pedro Arturo , Paschoarelli Luis Carlos , Da-Cruz-Landim Paula 
Published: January 2020

Resumen
El escaso reconocimiento de la identidad y estética presentes en el artesanado y uso de la Caña flecha (Gynerium Sagittatum) de las culturas indígenas Zenú, plantea la necesidad de indagar sobre cómo entender el diálogo entre el diseño, el artesanado y procesos de producción industrial orientados hacia la innovación de procesos y productos en un contexto de sustentabilidad. Mediante una revisión bibliográfica organizada en dos fases, la primera consistente en la búsqueda de artículos científicos y libros y la segunda en el análisis, permitió clasificar la información en dos categorías: 1) Design, Handcraft y nuevas tendencias y 2) Design y Decolonization. Como resultado se muestran aspectos críticos en la relación entre diseño, artesanado y conocimiento indígena. En esta búsqueda se discute sobre el potencial que, desde el diseño, hace posible generar procesos de innovación y se presenta el diseño contemporáneo como una disciplina de síntesis que responde a un enfoque culturalista o esencialista del diseño con grandes capacidades de empoderamiento y emancipación en contextos periféricos. Esto permitió cuestionar sobre cuáles metodologías permiten acercarse a la comprensión del legado de las culturas y los procesos de artesanado.
Palabras clave: Artesanía; diseño centrado en el sujeto; diseño sustentable; humanismo proyectual; materiales tradicionales; tradiciones indígenas;

AbstractThe low recognition of the identity and aesthetics present in the craft and use of the cane arrow (Gynerium Sagittatum) of the Zenú indigenous cultures, propose the need to inquire about how to understand the dialogue between design, craftsmanship and industrial production oriented processes towards the innovation of processes and products in a context of sustainability. Through a bibliographic review organized in two phases, the first consisting of the search for scientific articles and books and the second in the analysis, allowed the classification of information into two categories: 1) Design, Handcraft and new trends and 2) Design and Decolonization. As a result, critical aspects are shown in the relationship between design, crafts and indigenous knowledge. This search discusses the potential that, from design, makes it possible to generate innovation processes and presents contemporary design as a discipline of synthesis that responds to a culturalist or essentialist approach to design with great empowerment and emancipation capabilities in contexts peripherals This allowed us to question which methodologies allow us to approach the understanding of the legacy of cultures and craft processes.
Keywords: Crafts; subject-centered design; sustainable design; projective humanism; traditional materials; indigenous traditions;
¿Equidad en la dotación de espacio público en Bogotá?
Authors: Gutiérrez-López Julian Alberto , Quenguan-López Lina Fernanda , Betancourt-Carvajal Mario Andrés 
Published: January 2020

Resumen
El acelerado crecimiento urbano genera mayor demanda en infraestructura de servicios y dotaciones. También ha modificado el espacio público de las ciudades, y en tal sentido, se espera que se distribuya de manera equitativa en la ciudad garantizando una óptima cobertura; en especial, para las poblaciones más vulnerables. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la equidad en la distribución de espacio público en Bogotá, a partir de una caracterización, a escala localidad, de la pobreza (pobreza monetaria, pobreza extrema, índice de pobreza multidimensional, índice de calidad de vida y necesidades básicas insatisfechas). Adicionalmente, se analizan los indicadores de espacio público (espacio público efectivo, espacio público total y espacio público verde). Este análisis comparativo, a la luz de los conceptos de focalización, igualdad y progresividad, determina cuáles localidades presentan mayores niveles de pobreza en la ciudad, y si son las mismas que presentan mayores dotaciones en términos de inversión pública. Se establece un escenario de discusión frente a la implicación focalizada de las inversiones del gobierno local.
Palabras clave: calidad de vida; capital social; hábitat urbano; indicadores de pobreza; indicadores urbanos; política pública; segregación socioespacial; vulnerabilidad

Abstract
Accelerated urban growth has modified the public space of cities significantly. The increase of the world population demands a greater infrastructure of services and endowments in the city, to determine the optimum quality of life of inhabitants. In the case of urban space, it is expected to be distributed in an equitable way in the city, guaranteeing optimum coverage, especially for the most vulnerable populations. This work aims to analyze equity in the distribution of public space in Bogotá, based on a characterization of poverty, by location, and its relationship with the quality indicators of public space. This analysis determines which locations have the highest levels of poverty in the city and if they are the same with the highest endowments, in terms of public investment. A discussion scenario is established in the face of the focused involvement of local government investments.
Keywords: quality of life; social capital; urban habitat; poverty indicators; urban indicators; Public politics; socio-spatial segregation; vulnerability

Recibido: febrero 14 / 2019 Evaluado: mayo 27 / 2019 Aceptado: diciembre 9 / 2019
Publicado en línea: diciembre de 2019 Actualizado: diciembre de 2019
Special pedagogy at a crossroads. Perspectives of contemporary special pedagogy
Authors: DRYŻAŁOWSKA GRAŻYNA 
Published: January 2020

Grażyna Dryżałowska, Special pedagogy at a crossroads. Perspectives of contemporary special pedagogy. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 25, Poznań 2019. Pp. 105-125. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.25.05
The article is an attempt to reflect on the difficult situation in which special pedagogy was found. It is more difficult than the crisis that took place after 1989, because the fascination with the idea of normalisation and integration is gradually decreasing, and there is no new concepts for the further development of special education as a scientific sub-discipline obliged to respond to modern challenges.
Competencies of a deaf educator and deaf speech and language therapist in the diagnostic and therapeutic process of a child with hearing impairment
Authors: MARCINIAK-FIRADZA RENATA 
Published: January 2020

Renata Marciniak-Firadza, Competencies of a deaf educator and deaf speech and language therapist in the diagnostic and therapeutic process of a child with hearing impairment. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 25, Poznań 2019. Pp. 297-331. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.25.13
The specificity of the cognitive processes of a child with hearing impairment, and the need to apply appropriate methods and means of teaching, requires participation of a properly prepared specialist in the field of remedial and educational, preventive and therapeutic work in the didactic process. The manifestation of not only theoretical reflection on the profession of teacher and speech and language therapist, but also the effect of practical searches related to the vocational education and training of educators and speech and language therapists,as well as the assessment of their work, is the issue of professional competencies of a deaf educator and deaf speech and language therapist in the diagnostic and therapeutic process of a child with hearing impairment. Competence is understood in the article in two ways: as a range of knowledge, skills, predispositions and as a range of qualifications.
“Between a child who wants to tell and an adult who does not want to hear”. Arts Therapists’ Dilemmas in the Application of Arts Therapy with Children from Arab Society Who Suffered Abuse
Authors: MUSSA AMANI 
Published: January 2020

Amani Mussa, “Between a child who wants to tell and an adult who does not want to hear”. Arts Therapists’ Dilemmas in the Application of Arts Therapy with Children from Arab Society Who Suffered Abuse. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 25, Poznań 2019. Pp. 373-401. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.25.16.
The Arab education system in Israel together with the ethics and legal regulations are found to indicate reports of maltreated and sexually abused children. The problem of viewed in this paper is connected with the reporting of children who had experienced maltreatment and sexual abuse. The article aspires to present the work and dilemmas of art therapists using arts therapy when working within educational and therapeutic frameworks in Israeli Arab society. Today, the field of arts therapy in the Arab society is in its initial stages in contrast to the seniority this field has gained in the Jewish society and more traditional therapies such as psychology and psychotherapy. In the Arab society, mental therapy is uncommon. The field of therapy as a whole is undeveloped and conducted secretly largely due to shame, stigma and prejudices associating mental therapy with mental illnesses or disorders (Masarwa & Bruno, 2018). Until recently, arts therapy has not been practiced at all in Israeli in the Arab society. In comparison to psychological treatment, arts therapy carries an extra value because of its non-verbal work methodology, and enables can the client to make projection and reduction of social and personal objections in face of the therapeutic process. In recent years, implementation of this field of knowledge has gained momentum in therapeutic frameworks in general and at schools in particular, slowly becoming an integral part of the education system. However, this field is still in its early stages and it is oriented towards special education students and those with special needs (Nachum, 2007; Moriah, 2000).
Numerical Investigation of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow Characteristics in Circular Wavy Microchannels with Sidewall Rib
Authors: Valaparla Ranjith Kumar , Balasubramanian Karthik , Kiran Kumar Kupireddy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurpose: Numerical investigation was carried out to study the hydro-thermal characteristics in circular wavy microchannels (CWMCs) with sidewall rib. Thermal resistance and pressure drop penalty were compared with sinusoidal wavy microchannels (SWMCs) design. Parametric study on sidewall rib was also carried to minimize the pressure drop penalty and to achieve lower thermal resistance. Introducing sidewall rib in the CWMCs leads to the formation of more Deans vortices. This leads to an effective fluid mixing and augments the convective heat transfer. Design methodology/approach: A computational solid domain was created in SOLIDWORKS and the fluid domain was produced by circular arc profile for the entire length of heat sink. 3-D numerical investigation was carried out using ANSYS FLUENT software. Created computational domain was imported into ANSYS WORKBENCH. Meshing was executed in ANSYS mesh module. The computational domains were meshed using hexahedral elements adopting match control on both sides of microchannel (MC). The numerical investigation was carried out in the Re range from 100 to 300 with constant heat flux (50 W/cm2) applied at the bottom of the channel. Heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics were explained with velocity vectors, velocity contours and temperature contours. Findings: From numerical studies, it is concluded that CWMC with sidewall rib width (0.15 mm) leads to 33.6 % lower thermal resistance than SWMC with pressure drop penalty. Originality/Value: Present study is useful to identify the optimum deign to augment the heat dissipation performance of microchannel heat sink.