bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Hybrid UE Selection Scheme for Efficient Data Offloading Using D2D Communication
Authors: C G Balaji , A Anu Monisha , K Murugan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The exponential growth in mobile broadband data traffic with demand for faster data connectivity has become the most engaging challenges for mobile operators. They are facing an enormous data load in the core network and are finding new solutions to offload data to other complementary technologies. Mobile data offloading using device-to-device (D2D) communication stands out as the promising and the low-cost solution to reduce the burden on cellular network. Data offloading is the process of reducing the load in the cellular medium by using alternative wireless technologies for bearing data using opportunistic assignment of nodes. In this paper, iNHeRENT, a Novel HybRid user equipment (UE) selection scheme using D2D communication in next generation wireless networks that provides better offloading efficiency and throughput than the existing schemes, is proposed. Here, a small set of Wi-Fi-enabled hybrid user equipment ($UE_H$*) is chosen to offload cellular data in an efficient way. The objective of the work is to use minimum number of $UE_H$* to cover maximum number of UE in the serving area of an evolved Node B and to offload maximum amount of data. A $UE_H$* is a special UE with both cellular and Wi-Fi interfaces enabled to offload data. The coverage, throughput, packet delivery ratio and offloading efficiency metrics for the selected number of $UE_H$* are considered, and it is found that an offloading efficiency of 95.45% was achieved for a minimum number of 7% $UE_H$* using iNHeRENT.
Gut Microbiota-Derived Propionate Regulates the Expression of Reg3 Mucosal Lectins and Ameliorates Experimental Colitis in Mice
Authors: Bajic Danica , Niemann Adrian , Hillmer Anna-Katharina , Mejias-Luque Raquel , Bluemel Sena , Docampo Melissa , Funk Maja C , Tonin Elena , Boutros Michael , Schnabl Bernd , Busch Dirk H , Miki Tsuyoshi , Schmid Roland M , van den Brink Marcel R M , Gerhard Markus , Stein-Thoeringer Christoph K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Regenerating islet-derived protein type 3 [Reg3] lectins are antimicrobial peptides at mucosal surfaces of the gut, whose expression is regulated by pathogenic gut microbes via interleukin-22- or Toll-like receptor signalling. In addition to antimicrobial effects, tissue protection is hypothesized, but has been poorly investigated in the gut.

Methods
We applied antibiotic-induced microbiota perturbations, gnotobiotic approaches and a dextran-sodium sulfate [DSS] colitis model to assess microbial Reg3 regulation in the intestines and its role in colitis. We also used an intestinal organoid model to investigate this axis in vitro.

Results
First, we studied whether gut commensals are involved in Reg3 expression in mice, and found that antibiotic-mediated reduction of Clostridia downregulated intestinal Reg3B. A loss in Clostridia was accompanied by a significant reduction of short-chain fatty acids [SCFAs], and knock-out [KO] mice for SCFA receptors GPR43 and GPR109 expressed less intestinal Reg3B/-G. Propionate was found to induce Reg3 in intestinal organoids and in gnotobiotic mice colonized with a defined, SCFA-producing microbiota. Investigating the role of Reg3B as a protective factor in colitis, we found that Reg3B-KO mice display increased inflammation and less crypt proliferation in the DSS colitis model. Propionate decreased colitis and increased proliferation. Treatment of organoids exposed to DSS with Reg3B or propionate reversed the chemical injury with a loss of expression of the stem-cell marker Lgr5 and Olfm4.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that Clostridia can regulate Reg3-associated epithelial homeostasis through propionate signalling. We also provide evidence that the Reg3–propionate axis may be an important mediator of gut epithelial regeneration in colitis.
Baseline Flight Potential of Euschistus servus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and Its Implications on Local Dispersal
Authors: Babu Arun , Del Pozo-Valdivia Alejandro I , Reisig Dominic D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say), is a damaging pest of multiple crops in the southeastern United States. In addition to crops, both the weedy field borders and wooded areas of a typical farmscape in this region harbor E. servus host plants, many of which are temporally and spatially limiting in availability or nutritional suitability. Therefore, local dispersal is required so that individuals efficiently track and utilize host resources. This research sought to establish the baseline flight capacity of adult E. servus across the season in relation to body weight, sex, and plant host use with a flight mill system. Across this 2-yr study, among the individuals with a flight response in the flight mill, 90.1% of individuals flew in a range of &gt;0–1 km, with an individual maximum flight distance of 15.9 km. In 2017, mean total distance flown varied across the season. Except for the individuals collected from corn in 2019, during both 2017 and 2019, the highest numerical mean flight potential occurred soon after overwintering emergence and a relatively low flight potential occurred during the cropping season. Individuals collected from wheat, corn, and early season weeds lost a higher proportion of body weight after flight than did individuals from soybean and late season weeds. The baseline dispersal potential information generated from this study can be extrapolated to the farmscape level aiming to develop, plan, and implement E. servus management programs.
Progression of aortic stenosis and echocardiographic criteria for its severity
Authors: Kebed Kalie , Sun Deyu , Addetia Karima , Mor-Avi Victor , Markuzon Natasha , Lang Roberto M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Aims
Guidelines-recommended criteria for identifying severe aortic stenosis (AS) are based on small, homogenous cohorts of patients, leading to potentially inconsistent or missed diagnosis. We used a large cohort of patients with varying degrees of AS to (i) characterize its progression; (ii) evaluate the influence of demographic and echocardiographic variables; and (iii) derive haemodynamically consistent cut-off values.

Methods and results
We identified 916 patients with mild to severe AS who had undergone &gt;1 echocardiographic study (N = 2547). For each study, aortic valve area (AVA), peak transaortic velocity (V max), and mean pressure gradient (ΔP) were extracted. Annual rates of AVA change were determined by a linear mixed-effects model. To determine the prevalence of inconsistent diagnosis of severe AS, AVA was plotted against ΔP and V max, with quadrants defined using guidelines-recommended cut-offs. The rate of AVA change was −0.070 ± 0.003 cm2/year and was more rapid in men than women and in Whites than African Americans. AVA = 1 cm2 corresponded to ΔP = 32 mmHg and V max = 3.7 m/s, causing discrepancies in defining severe AS in 480 (19%) and 458 (18%) studies, respectively. Conversely, ΔP = 40 mmHg corresponded to AVA = 0.89 cm2 and V max = 4.0 m/s corresponded to AVA = 0.92 cm2, confirming the inconsistency of the guidelines. Notably, discrepancy rate was higher in 206 patients with low flow (SVi &lt; 35 mL/m2): 40% vs. 16% in the remaining patients.

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrated gender- and race-related differences in AS progression and underscored the need to refine the multiparametric criteria for diagnosis of severe AS to minimize internal inconsistencies, which are high with the current cut-offs and amplified in patients with low stroke volumes.
Predictors of 30-day readmission and resource utilization after thoracic endovascular aortic repair
Authors: Iyengar Amit , Goel Nicholas J , Kelly John J , Han Jason , Brown Chase R , Khurshan Fabliha , Chen Zehang , Desai Nimesh D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The introduction and expansion of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) have revolutionized the treatment of a variety of thoracic aortic diseases. We sought to evaluate the incidence, causes, predictors and costs associated with 30-day readmission after TEVAR in a nationally representative cohort.

METHODS
Adult patients undergoing isolated TEVAR were identified in the National Readmissions Database from 2010 to 2014. Hospital costs were estimated by converting individual hospital charge data adjusted to 2014 consumer price indices. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to determine hospital- and patient-level factors associated with readmissions.

RESULTS
A total of 24 983 TEVARs were noted during the study period; the average age of the patients was 65 ± 16 years; 40% were women. The most common indication was an intact thoracic aneurysm (43.5%), followed by aortic dissection (30.5%). The average cost of the index admission was $63 644 ± $52 312; the average hospital stay was 11 ± 14 days; the index mortality rate was 6.7%. Readmissions within 30 days occurred in 17.4% of patients. Indications for readmission were varied; the most common aetiologies were cardiac (17.8%), infectious (16.0%) and pulmonary (12.1%). On multivariable analysis, the strongest predictor of readmission was the diagnosis, with a ruptured thoraco-abdominal aneurysm having the highest readmission burden (adjusted odds ratio 2.23, 1.17–4.24; P = 0.015). Notably, hospital volume did not predict index hospital length of stay, costs or 30-day readmissions (all P &gt; 0.10).

CONCLUSIONS
Annual TEVAR volume was not associated with any of the outcomes assessed. Rather, indication for TEVAR was the strongest predictor for many outcomes. As TEVAR becomes increasingly utilized, a focus on cardiac and vascular diseases may reduce readmissions and improve quality of care.
The Timor Sea Conciliation: The Unique Mechanism of Dispute Settlement
Authors: Tamada Dai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The maritime boundary dispute between Timor-Leste and Australia was submitted to the compulsory conciliation procedure under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This is the first instance of conciliation, whether voluntary or compulsory, under UNCLOS. The Timor Sea conciliation led to the successful settlement of the long-standing deadlock between the parties that had hitherto not been settled by negotiation and had no possibility of being settled by litigation (within, for example, International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea or International Court of Justice proceedings) or arbitration (within the context of an UNCLOS Annex VII tribunal). This article aims to elucidate the unique mechanism of conciliation and, to this end, analyses both the procedural particularities of conciliation under UNCLOS and the substantive considerations in conciliation proceedings. The author places emphasis, in particular, on the fundamental importance of the economic factor in the Timor Sea maritime delimitation – namely, the sharing ratio of the natural resources in the Greater Sunrise gas fields. Being a definitive factor for the success of this conciliation, it was the economics of this dispute that incentivized the parties to compromise and settle. Furthermore, given that conciliation is a most elucidating piece in the rather complicated puzzle that is the UNCLOS dispute settlement mechanism, the Timor Sea conciliation offers valuable insights into this mechanism.
Spatio-Temporal Modeling and Competition Dynamics in Forest Tillage Experiments on Early Growth of Eucalyptus grandis L.
Authors: González Barrios Pablo , Borges Alejandra , Terra José , Pérez Bidegain Mario , Gutiérrez Lucía 
Published: March 2020

AbstractForest tillage experiments regularly use long-term evaluations of large plots creating temporal and/or spatial correlations among observations. Not modeling these correlations could compromise treatment comparisons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of modeling spatio-temporal (ST) variability in forest tillage experiments. We used different strategies that incorporate spatial and/or temporal correlations in the evaluation of tillage intensity effect in initial Eucalyptus growth as well as evaluate the effect of intraplot mortality and competition dynamics. Three tillage intensities in two contrasting soil conditions were compared for tree height and wood volume. Additionally, we compared the use of three individual growth curves for plant height to evaluate the time needed to reach 2 m in height (T2m). We modeled the spatial correlation of T2m using mixed models. In both sites, ST models were superior for plant height and wood volume per hectare, whereas for individual-tree wood volume, temporal models were superior. Pit planting always had a lower performance than disk harrowing and subsoiler, which behaved similarly. The competition dynamics within the plot because of tree mortality was affected by treatments and site. Modeling ST variability is key to improving treatment comparisons in forest experiments.
Generativity in Creative Storytelling: Evidence From a Dementia Care Community
Authors: Kim Seoyoun , Chee Kyong Hee , Gerhart Olga 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Creative group storytelling as utilized in TimeSlips is a social activity that focuses on communication, improvisation, and creativity among its participants with dementia. A collective narrative is a channel through which participants express themselves, and it thus signifies clues about their identities, values, and experiences. No study to date, however, has examined the contents of the stories. Using the generativity model as a theoretical underpinning for analysis, this paper examines the emergent themes of such collective stories.

Research Design and Methods
This study used the data collected in a memory care community where a research team recruited and engaged 21 out of approximately 80 residents with dementia in 6 weekly creative storytelling sessions; 4 small groups of 4 to 6 participants created a total of 24 collective stories. Three researchers analyzed these stories by open-coding emergent themes. Once coded manually, the narratives were managed and analyzed in NVivo.

Results
Consistent with the concept of generativity, a thematic analysis of collective narratives revealed various aspects of participants’ generative concerns. Three themes related to generativity: (1) caring and promoting the well-being of others, (2) family values, and (3) positivity.

Discussion and Implications
The narratives show that participants living with dementia continue to express their generative values and concerns. The findings reveal generative identities held by persons living with dementia, which help destigmatize dementia. The findings also shed light on why creative group storytelling may affect multiple positive outcomes for its participants.
Detecting substrate glycans of fucosyltransferases with fluorophore-conjugated fucose and methods for glycan electrophoresis
Authors: Wu Zhengliang L , Whittaker Mark , Ertelt James M , Person Anthony D , Kalabokis Vassili 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLike sialylation, fucose usually locates at the nonreducing ends of various glycans on glycoproteins and constitutes important glycan epitopes. Detecting the substrate glycans of fucosyltransferases is important for understanding how these glycan epitopes are regulated in response to different growth conditions and external stimuli. Here we report the detection of these glycans on glycoproteins as well as in their free forms via enzymatic incorporation of fluorophore-conjugated fucose using FUT2, FUT6, FUT7, FUT8 and FUT9. Specifically, we describe the detection of the substrate glycans of these enzymes on fetal bovine fetuin, recombinant H1N1 viral neuraminidase and therapeutic antibodies. The detected glycans include complex and high-mannose N-glycans. By establishing a series of precursors for the synthesis of Lewis X and sialyl Lewis X structures, we not only provide convenient electrophoresis methods for studying glycosylation but also demonstrate the substrate specificities and some kinetic features of these enzymes. Our results support the notion that fucosyltransferases are key targets for regulating the synthesis of Lewis X and sialyl Lewis X structures.
Evaluating the influence of spatially varying catchability on multispecies distribution modelling
Authors: Zhang Chongliang , Chen Yong , Xu Binduo , Xue Ying , Ren Yiping 
Published: March 2020

AbstractVarying catchability is a common feature in fisheries and has great impacts on fisheries assessments and species distribution models. However, spatial variations in catchability have been rarely evaluated, especially in the multispecies context. We advocate that the need for multispecies models stands for both challenges and opportunities to handle spatial catchability. This study evaluated the influence of spatially varying catchability on the performance of a novel joint species distribution model, namely Hierarchical Modelling of Species Communities (HMSC). We implemented the model under nine simulation scenarios to account for diverse spatial patterns of catchability and conducted empirical tests using survey data from Yellow Sea, China. Our results showed that ignoring variability in catchability could lead to substantial errors in the inferences of species response to environment. Meanwhile, the models’ predictive power was less impacted, yielding proper predictions of relative abundance. Incorporating a spatially autocorrelated structure substantially improved the predictability of HMSC in both simulation and empirical tests. Nevertheless, combined sources of spatial catchabilities could largely diminish the advantage of HMSC in inference and prediction. We highlight situations where catchability needs to be explicitly accounted for in modelling fish distributions, and suggest directions for future applications and development of JSDMs.
The Visual International Relations Project
Authors: Pfonner Michael R , James Patrick 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
International studies, which in the twenty-first century exists as a global, multifaceted and interdisciplinary enterprise, is ready for a turn toward graphic communication. Evidence is mounting that the complexity of international studies is over and beyond what can be managed, intellectually speaking, through an approach that relies overwhelmingly on the exchange of words. Effective communication throughout international studies requires a turn toward graphic means. Thus, the Visual International Relations Project (VIRP) is introduced in this article as a pathway toward more effective conveyance between and among sectors of international studies. Work within the VIRP focuses on creation of an archive that will be available to members of the International Studies Association (ISA).
Work proceeds in six sections. The first section provides an overview of the communication-related challenges facing international studies as scholarship becomes increasingly global in scope and diverse with regard to theorizing and methods applied. Section two makes the case for a visual approach to combat intellectual isolation that is intensifying as a result of communication through words alone. Along with a few alternatives in section three, the foundation for a recommended graphic turn, systemism, is introduced. Systemism emphasizes completeness and visual representation of theorizing. Section four applies a graphic method based on systemism to depict works of scholarship in a common format. Value added from visual representation of these scholarly works is demonstrated in section five, within which communication takes place between and among them. Section six sums up the contributions of the graphic approach based on systemism and explores future directions for research.
Determination of the time-dependent association between ciprofloxacin consumption and ciprofloxacin resistance using a weighted cumulative exposure model compared with standard models
Authors: van Gaalen Rolina D , Altorf-van der Kuil Wieke , Wegdam-Blans Marjolijn C A , Aguilar Diaz Jessica M , Beauchamp Marie-Eve , Chaname Pinedo Linda E , de Greeff Sabine C , Wallinga Jacco 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To obtain comprehensive insight into the association of ciprofloxacin use at different times in the past with the current risk of detecting resistance.

Methods
This retrospective nested case–control study of ciprofloxacin users used Dutch data from the PHARMO Database Network and one laboratory for the period 2003–14. Cases and controls were selected as patients with an antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) indicating ciprofloxacin resistance or susceptibility, respectively. We performed univariable and multivariable conditional logistic regression analyses, defining time-dependent exposure using standard definitions (current ciprofloxacin use, used 0–30, 31–90, 91–180 and 181–360 days ago) and a flexible weighted cumulative effect (WCE) model with four alternative time windows of past doses (0–30, 0–90, 0–180 and 0–360 days).

Results
The study population consisted of 230 cases and 909 controls. Under the standard exposure definitions, the association of ciprofloxacin use with resistance decreased with time [current use: adjusted OR 6.8 (95% CI 3.6–12.4); used 181–360 days ago: 1.3 (0.8–1.9)]. Under the 90 day WCE model (best-fitting model), more recent doses were more strongly associated with resistance than past doses, as was longer or repeated treatment. The 180 day WCE model, which fitted the data equally well, suggested that doses taken 91–180 days ago were also significantly associated with resistance.

Conclusions
The estimates for the association between ciprofloxacin use at different times and resistance show that ciprofloxacin prescribers should consider ciprofloxacin use 0–180 days ago to ensure that patients receive suitable treatment. The OR of ciprofloxacin resistance could be reduced by eliminating repeated ciprofloxacin prescription within 180 days and by treating for no longer than necessary.
Aphid Honeydew Enhances Parasitoid Longevity to the Same Extent as a High-Quality Floral Resource: Implications for Conservation Biological Control of the Wheat Stem Sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae)
Authors: Rand Tatyana A , Waters Debra K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Providing sugar resources for parasitoids is an important component of habitat management approaches to bolster biological control. We screened three flowering cover crop species, and one aphid species, for their potential to increase the longevity of the parasitoid wasp, Bracon cephi (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an important biological control agent of the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae). We found that buckwheat and honeydew from the cereal aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), increased longevity of B. cephi females by over threefold, while longevity on sunflower and coriander was not significantly different from controls on wheat. The results suggest that incorporating buckwheat into cover crop mixes could enhance parasitoid performance. However, the finding that honeydew associated with a common aphid in wheat provides a suitable resource suggests that a better understanding of the varying quality, and spatial and temporal availability, of aphid honeydew will be a critical consideration in evaluating the potential benefits of managing floral resources for parasitoid conservation in this system.