bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilience of marine invertebrate communities during the early Cenozoic hyperthermals
Authors: Foster William J. , Garvie Christopher L. , Weiss Anna M. , Muscente A. D. , Aberhan Martin , Counts John W. , Martindale Rowan C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe hyperthermal events of the Cenozoic, including the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, provide an opportunity to investigate the potential effects of climate warming on marine ecosystems. Here, we examine the shallow benthic marine communities preserved in the late Cretaceous to Eocene strata on the Gulf Coastal Plain (United States). In stark contrast to the ecological shifts following the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, our data show that the early Cenozoic hyperthermals did not have a long-term impact on the generic diversity nor composition of the Gulf Coastal Plain molluscan communities. We propose that these communities were resilient to climate change because molluscs are better adapted to high temperatures than other taxa, as demonstrated by their physiology and evolutionary history. In terms of resilience, these communities differ from other shallow-water carbonate ecosystems, such as reef communities, which record significant changes during the early Cenozoic hyperthermals. These data highlight the strikingly different responses of community types, i.e., the almost imperceptible response of molluscs versus the marked turnover of foraminifera and reef faunas. The impact on molluscan communities may have been low because detrimental conditions did not devastate the entire Gulf Coastal Plain, allowing molluscs to rapidly recolonise vacated areas once harsh environmental conditions ameliorated.
In-situ DRIFT investigation of photocatalytic reduction and oxidation properties of SiO2@α-Fe2O3 core-shell decorated RGO nanocomposite
Authors: Kasimayan Uma , Nadarajan Arjun , Singaravelu Chandra Mohan , Pan Guan-Ting , Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam , Yang Thomas C.-K. , Lin Ja-Hon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this work, SiO2@α-Fe2O3 core-shell decorated RGO nanocomposites were prepared via a simple sol-gel method. The nanocomposites were prepared with different weight percentages (10, 30, and 50 wt %) of the SiO2@α-Fe2O3 core-shell on RGO, and the effects on the structural and optical properties were identified. The photocatalytic reduction and oxidation properties of the nanocomposites in the gas phase were assessed through the reduction of CO2 and oxidation of ethanol using in-situ diffuse-reflectance infrared fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT). The prepared nanocomposite with (30 wt %) of SiO2@α-Fe2O3 showed superior photocatalytic activity for the gas phase reduction of CO2 and oxidation of ethanol. Enhancement in the activity was also perceived when the light irradiation was coupled with thermal treatment. The DRIFT results for the nanocomposites indicate the active chemical conversion kinetics of the redox catalytic effect in the reduction of CO2 and oxidation of ethanol. Further, the evaluation of photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction performance of nanocomposites was acquired by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and the results showed a significant improvement in the onset-potential (–0.58 V) for the RGO (30 wt %)-SiO2@α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite.
Plasma lipid profile associates with the improvement of psychological well-being in individuals with perceived stress symptoms
Authors: Noerman Stefania , Klåvus Anton , Järvelä-Reijonen Elina , Karhunen Leila , Auriola Seppo , Korpela Riitta , Lappalainen Raimo , Kujala Urho M. , Puttonen Sampsa , Kolehmainen Marjukka , Hanhineva Kati 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPsychological stress is a suggested risk factor of metabolic disorders, but molecular mediators are not well understood. We investigated the association between the metabolic profiles of fasting plasma and the improvement of psychological well-being using non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) platform. The metabolic profiles of volunteers participating in the face-to-face intervention group (n = 60) in a randomised lifestyle intervention were compared to ones of controls (n = 64) between baseline and 36-week follow-up. Despite modest differences in metabolic profile between groups, we found associations between phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and several parameters indicating stress, adiposity, relaxation, and recovery. The relief of heart-rate-variability-based stress had positive, while improved indices of recovery and relaxation in the intervention group had an inverse association with the reduction of e.g. lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC). Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and adiposity correlated positively with the suppressed PCs and negatively with the elevated plasmalogens PC(P-18:0/22:6) and PC(P-18:0/20:4). Also, we found changes in an unknown class of lipids over time regardless of the intervention groups, which also correlated with physiological and psychological markers of stress. The associations between lipid changes with some markers of psychological wellbeing and body composition may suggest the involvement of these lipids in the shared mechanisms between psychological and metabolic health.
Subjective semantic surprise resulting from divided attention biases evaluations of an idea’s creativity
Authors: Calic Goran , Shamy Nour El , Kinley Isaac , Watter Scott , Hassanein Khaled 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe evaluation of an idea’s creativity constitutes an important step in successfully responding to an unexpected problem with a new solution. Yet, distractions compete for cognitive resources with the evaluation process and may change how individuals evaluate ideas. In this paper, we investigate whether attentional demands from these distractions bias creativity evaluations. This question is examined using 1,065 creativity evaluations of 15 alternative uses of everyday objects by 71 study participants. Participants in the distraction group (Treatment) rated the alternative uses as more creative on the novelty dimension, but not the usefulness dimension, than did participants in the baseline group (Control). Psychophysiological measurements—event-related and spectral EEG and pupillometry—confirm attentional resources in the Treatment group are being diverted to a distractor task and that the Control group expended significantly more cognitive resources on the evaluation of the alternative uses. These data show direct physiological evidence that distractor tasks draw cognitive resources from creative evaluation and that such distractions will bias judgements of creativity.
Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma as an adjuvant to surgical carpal ligament release: a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Trull-Ahuir Carmen , Sala Diego , Chismol-Abad Joaquín , Vila-Caballer Marian , Lisón Juan Francisco 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of local platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection as an adjuvant treatment after carpal ligament release. We conducted a prospective randomized, triple-blinded, controlled trial. Fifty participants with mild to extreme carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) were randomly assigned either to the PRP (n = 25) or the platelet-poor plasma (PPP, n = 25) group. After performing open surgical release of the carpal ligament, the inside of the carpal tunnel was irrigated with 3 mL of PRP or PPP according to each participant’s group allocation. The primary outcome was hand grip strength (HGS). Secondary outcomes were the time taken off work after surgery (in days) and scores on the Wong–Baker Faces Scale, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, and Southampton Wound Assessment Scale. We evaluated patients before treatment and at 6-weeks. As expected, the pain levels, symptom severity, and functional status improved in all the patients after surgery. However, intragroup analysis revealed that only the participants in the PRP group had regained their pre-operative HGS levels at 6-weeks follow-up. These findings indicate that PRP is an effective adjuvant treatment in patients with mild to severe CTS who require surgery.
The application of point source electroporation and chemotherapy for the treatment of glioma: a randomized controlled rat study
Authors: Sharabi Shirley , Guez David , Daniels Dianne , Cooper Itzik , Atrakchi Dana , Liraz-Zaltsman Sigal , Last David , Mardor Yael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe prognosis of Glioblastoma Multiforme patients is poor despite aggressive therapy. Reasons include poor chemotherapy penetration across the blood-brain barrier and tumor infiltration into surrounding tissues. Here we studied the effects of combined point-source electroporation (EP) and systemic chemotherapy in glioma-bearing rats. 128 rats were studied. Treatment groups were administered systemic Cisplatin/Methotrexate before EP (either 90 or 180 pulses). Control groups were treated by EP, chemotherapy, or no treatment. Tumor volumes were determined by MRI. Tumors growth rates of the EP + Methotrexate group (1.02 ± 0.77) were significantly lower (p < 0.01) than the control (5.2 ± 1.0) 1-week post treatment. No significant difference was found compared to Methotrexate (1.7 ± 0.5). Objective response rates (ORR) were 40% and 57% for the Methotrexate and EP + Methotrexate groups respectively. Tumor growth rates and ORR of the EP + Cisplatin groups (90 pulses 0.98 ± 0.2, 57%, 180 pulses 1.2 ± 0.1, 33%) were significantly smaller than the control (6.4 ± 1.0, p < 0.01, p < 0.02, 0%) and Cisplatin (3.9 ± 1.0, p < 0.04, p < 0.05, 13%) groups. No significant differences were found between the control groups. Increased survival was found in the EP + Cisplatin group, Χ2 = 7.54, p < 0.006 (Log Rank). Point-source EP with systemic chemotherapy is a rapid, minimal-invasive treatment that was found to induce significant antineoplastic effects in a rat glioma model.
Effect of Thyroid Hormones on Kidney Function in Patients after Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Schairer Benjamin , Jungreithmayr Viktoria , Schuster Mario , Reiter Thomas , Herkner Harald , Gessl Alois , Sengölge Gürkan , Winnicki Wolfgang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractElevated levels of thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH) are associated with reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease even in euthyroid patients. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy has been shown to delay progression to end-stage renal disease in sub-clinically hypothyroid patients with renal insufficiency. However, such associations after kidney transplantation were never investigated. In this study the association of thyroid hormones and estimated GFR (eGFR) in euthyroid patients after kidney transplantation was analyzed. In total 398 kidney transplant recipients were assessed retrospectively and association between thyroid and kidney function parameters at and between defined time points, 12 and 24 months after transplantation, was studied. A significant inverse association was shown for TSH changes and eGFR over time between months 12 and 24 post transplantation. For each increase of TSH by 1 µIU/mL, eGFR decreased by 1.34 mL/min [95% CI, −2.51 to −0.16; p = 0.03], corresponding to 2.2% eGFR decline, within 12 months. At selected time points 12 and 24 months post transplantation, however, TSH was not associated with eGFR. In conclusion, an increase in TSH between 12 and 24 months after kidney transplantation leads to a significant decrease in eGFR, which strengthens the concept of a kidney-thyroid-axis.
Relationships Between Environmental Conditions And Fish Assemblages In Tropical Savanna Headwater Streams
Authors: Vieira Thiago Bernardi , Tejerina-Garro Francisco Leonardo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRiparian vegetation plays an important role in providing energy to small watercourses and maintaining ecological processes through organic matter input and together with hydrological and geomorphological watercourse characteristics influence on fish assemblages. The goal of this paper was partitioning and quantifying the influence of riparian zone (type of riverbank substrate, bank slope, type of riparian vegetation cover and percentage of riparian vegetation cover on the main channel), physical habitat (stream channel width and depth, type of substrate and aquatic habitat in channel, water velocity and organic matter), water quality (turbidity, temperature, conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll concentration) and spatial variables (linear distances between sampled points) on fish assemblages (richness and abundance per species) in headwater streams of the Upper Paraná River basin, Central Brazil. For this purpose, it was performed a variation partitioning analysis between riparian, physical habitat, water and spatial variables sets and a Redundancy Analysis to quantify the influence of variables on the fish assemblages. Only the physical habitat and water quality variables influenced the fish assemblages (richness and abundance per species).
Repeated giant earthquakes on the Wairarapa fault, New Zealand, revealed by Lidar-based paleoseismology
Authors: Manighetti Isabelle , Perrin Clément , Gaudemer Yves , Dominguez Stéphane , Stewart Nicholas , Malavieille Jacques , Garambois Stéphane 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Mw 7.8 2016 Kaikoura earthquake ruptured the Kekerengu-Needle fault resulting in the loading of its eastern continuation, the Wairarapa fault. Since the most recent earthquake on Wairarapa occurred in 1855 and is one of the strongest continental earthquakes ever observed, it is critical to assess the seismic potential of the Wairarapa fault, which might be prone to break. Using Lidar data, we examine its bare-earth morphology and reveal ~650 mostly undiscovered offset geomorphic markers. Using a code we developed in earlier work, we automatically measure the lateral and vertical offsets of these markers providing more than 7000 well constrained measurements. The data document the lateral and vertical slip profiles of the 1855 earthquake for the first time and show its total slip reached ~20 m at surface. Modeling the entire offset dataset reveals 7 prior earthquakes ruptured the entire fault, each similarly producing 16.9 ± 1.4 m dextral slip and ~0.6 m vertical slip at surface in the same central bend zone of the fault. Thus, the Wairarapa fault repeatedly produced giant earthquakes and is likely able to produce a similarly strong forthcoming event. The extreme large size of the Wairarapa earthquakes questions our understanding of earthquake physics.
Fatal Course of a Male Newborn with Double Duodenal Atresia
Authors: Elrouby Ahmed , Koraitim Ahmed 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultiple point duodenal atresia is an extremely rare condition with atretic segments in either two or three sites of the duodenum. We report a newborn male patient who presented to our institution with bilious vomiting, nonpassage of meconium, mild abdominal distension, and a palpable epigastric abdominal mass ∼1 × 1 cm. A faint double bubble was found on abdominal X-ray. On exploratory laparotomy, a duodenal cyst due to double duodenal atresia was found and a typical diamond-shaped duodeno-duodenostomy was created. A postoperative contrast study revealed passage of the contrast media into distal intestine. However, the patient died 2 weeks later due to uncontrolled sepsis and pneumonia. Despite the fact that multiple-point duodenal atresia is a rare condition, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis to avoid missed pathology.
Effect of Vitamin D Injection in Recurrent Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo with Vitamin D Deficiency
Authors: Rhim Gu Il 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction There have been reports indicating that patients with frequently recurring benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) had vitamin D deficiency, and some studies indicated that the treatment of severe vitamin D deficiency is effective in the reduction of the recurrence of BPPV.
Objective The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of Vitamin D3 injection on recurrence among patients with a 10 ng/mL or lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D blood concentration diagnosed with BPPV.
Methods Among 99 patients with idiopathic BPPV with vitamin D deficiency, 25 patients (case group) were submitted to 3 to 4 injections of 200,000 IU of vitamin D3 in the first year. In total, 50 patients in the control group were selected through frequency matching, with 25 patients in the case group. Age, gender, and type of BPPV are used in matching variables with 1:2 matched data. The subjects of the study group were followed up for 24 months.
Results The differences in relapse rates between the case and the control groups were examined using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test for k independent samples. With regard to the relapse rates of the entire case and control groups by period, from 0 to 6 months (p < 0.531), from 7 to 12 months (p < 1.000), and from 13 to 24 months (p < 0.711), and in the entire study period (p < 0.883) there were no statistically significant differences.
Conclusion The present case-control study indicated that vitamin D3 injection had no significant effect on the recurrence of BPPV patients with vitamin D deficiency when age, gender, and type of BPPV were homogeneous between the two groups.
Precochlear Implant Assessment: Clinical Profile and Family History of Children with Severe Bilateral Prelingual Hearing Loss
Authors: Raza Syed Hashim , Waris Rehmana , Akhtar Samina , Riaz Ramish 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of deafness is high in Pakistan. Knowledge regarding the clinical features of patients with profound hearing loss will not only help identify the cause but will also help in the strategic planning for public health interventions.
Objective The present study was conducted to cover in detail the clinical aspects of children with hearing loss, that is, age at presentation, associated deficits and disorders, possible cause of the disease, associated family history, and role of consanguineous marriage.
Methods The present study was performed from November 2016 to September 2018. All of the patients under 6 years of age with profound bilateral hearing loss who would benefit from cochlear implantation were included in the study. Detailed history was taken. The developmental skills were assessed for all areas, and the patients were scored regarding their motor, manipulative, visual, language, social and self-care skills according to the Schedule of Growing Skills II. Detailed family history was taken from the parents of the affected children. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 20.0, was used for the statistical analysis.
Results The mean age of the children to be treated was 3.2 ±  1.25 years. Most patients (51.5%) had a positive family history of disease. Consanguineous marriage was common; the parents of 76.9% of the patients were first-degree relatives. Most patients (90.8%) had associated language impediments. In total, four (Ł3.07%) patients had global developmental delay.
Conclusion Consanguineous marriage pattern plays an important role in diseases running in families. Development in these children is strongly linked to their age at the consultation.
A Prospective Comparative Study of Different Methods of Cranioplasty: Our Institutional Experience
Authors: Sable Hemant , Patel Mukesh P. , Shah Kalpesh B. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction Cranioplasty is the surgical repair, reconstruction, and replacement of a removed part of the cranium, thus restoring its shape, symmetry, contour, and continuity, which is extremely important from a cosmetic as well as a psychosocial point of view. Continuing advances in cranioplasty techniques have enabled the repair of large and increasingly complicated calvarial defects; however, the optimal reconstructive material for different clinical scenarios still remains unclear and debatable.
Aim The aim of this study was to compare risk factors, complications, and the need for reoperation associated with different methods of cranioplasty, which are implemented in our institute.
Materials and Methods This study was a prospective study conducted between August 2016 and January 2019 in a tertiary institute. Sixty patients were studied and divided into three groups of which group 1 included 18 patients who underwent cranioplasty using ETO (ethylene oxidation)-sterilized autologous bone graft, group 2 included 17 patients who underwent cranioplasty using autologous bone graft placed in subcutaneous pocket, and group 3 included 25 patients who underwent titanium mesh cranioplasty. Data were collected and statistical analysis was performed.
Result and Conclusion Of the three groups studied, postoperative complications were more in group 1(ETO-sterilized autologous bone graft) and group 3 (titanium mesh cranioplasty) but the difference between the three groups was not statistically significant. Factors such as age, gender, initial diagnosis, interval between decompression craniectomy and cranioplasty, operative time, blood loss, method of fixation, and defect size had no statistically significant effect on postoperative outcomes.
Zn-Al layered double hydroxide: synthesis, characterization and application for orthophosphates ions adsorption in aqueous medium
Authors: Rouahna Noureddine , Ouakouak Abdelkader , Barkat Djamel , Srasra Ezzedine 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper aims at studying the preparation of Zn-Al-LDH anionic clay and its adsorption proprieties in removing orthophosphate ions from aqueous medium. The LDH phase was synthesized by co-precipitation method and then calcined at 500 °C. Structural and textural properties of the prepared LDHs were determined by using x-ray diffraction, FTIR, BET, SEM and pHPZC analysis. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out under different parameters such as stirring time, pH and initial orthophosphate concentration. Results show that the prepared LDHs are efficient in removing orthophosphate and the maximum uptake was observed after 2 h. Experimental kinetic data are well described by the pseudo-second order model. It was also found that the adsorption process is significantly affected by the pH value. The sorption mechanisms include ion exchange, reconstitution of LDH phase and/or electrostatic attraction. Also, the isotherm study reveals that the Freundlich equation best fit the equilibrium data.
Revisiting the electroelastic solution for an FGPM thick-walled cylinder subjected to mechanical and electric loadings
Authors: Wang Han , Dui Guansuo , Xin Libiao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Theoretical analysis for an empty thick-walled FGPM cylinder exposed to electric and mechanical loadings are investigated. The cylinder is a composite material composed of PZT4 and PVDF and the volume fraction of PZT4 is given by the power law with three controllable parameters which can cover more complex circumstances. The hypergeometric equation of the radial displacement is acquired by utilizing the Voigt method, and the solutions of the stresses and the electric potential are obtained after solving the radial displacement. The method in this paper is appropriate for real functionally graded piezoelectric materials and can avoid assumptions about unknown overall material parameters appeared in previous references. Finally, the impacts of the parameter n in volume fraction of FGPM cylinder on mechanical and electric behaviors are examined. Furthermore, the distinction between the hoop stress and radial stress is discussed to decrease the pressure concentration in FGPM cylinder.