bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytogenetic and FISH analysis of 93 multiple myeloma Moroccan patients
Authors: Hamdaoui Hasna , Benlarroubia Oumaima , Ait Boujmia Oum Kaltoum , Mossafa Hossein , Ouldim Karim , Belkhayat Aziza , Smyej Imane , Benrahma Houda , Dehbi Hind , Chegdani Fatima 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is a disease characterized by heterogeneous clinical presentations as well as complex genetic and molecular abnormalities. In MM, cytogenetic analysis is a challenge because of the low proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Thus, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), performed on sorted plasma cells detected abnormalities independently of a proliferative and infiltrative index. The purpose of this study was to explore, for the first time, the cytogenetic and molecular genetics features in Moroccan patients with multiple myeloma referred exclusively to National Reference Laboratory and to determine their risk stratification based on these features.MethodsWe performed cytogenetic analysis on 93 MM cases, all patients were subjected to FISH analysis, among which 45 patients have benefited from both FISH analysis and standard karyotype.ResultsKaryotype was normal in 78% (35/45) while, it was complex with varied structural and numerical abnormalities in 22% (10/45) of all patients, among which Hyperdiploid karyotype was found in 9% (n = 4 cases) and nonhyperdiploid in 13% (n = 6 cases). The most common numerical abnormalities were gains of chromosomes 3, 5, 9, 15, and 19. Whole chromosome losses were also frequent, affecting chromosomes X, 3, 14, 16 and 22. FISH analysis detected abnormalities in 50% of cases. The translocation t(4;14) and dup (1q) were the most frequent types of anomalies (14% and 13% respectively), followed by (17p) deletion and 14q32/IGH translocations with an undetermined origin (12% each) then the (1p) deletion (4%). For the normal karyotypes, FISH revealed chromosome abnormalities in 46%.ConclusionThis study compares the results of cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal abnormalities in the Moroccan population with other countries. ½ patient showed at least one type of molecular genetic abnormalities. Therefore, the introducing of the cytogenetic analysis is obligatory in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.
Investigation of inter‐fraction target motion variations in the context of pencil beam scanned proton therapy in non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: den Otter Lydia A. , Anakotta Renske M. , Weessies Menkedina , Roos Catharina T. G. , Sijtsema Nanna M. , Muijs Christina T. , Dieters Margriet , Wijsman Robin , Troost Esther G. C. , Richter Christian , Meijers Arturs , Langendijk Johannes A. , Both Stefan , Knopf Antje‐Christin 
Published: June 2020

PurposeFor locally advanced‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), inter‐fraction target motion variations during the whole time span of a fractionated treatment course are assessed in a large and representative patient cohort. The primary objective is to develop a suitable motion monitoring strategy for pencil beam scanning proton therapy (PBS‐PT) treatments of NSCLC patients during free breathing.MethodsWeekly 4D computed tomography (4DCT; 41 patients) and daily 4D cone beam computed tomography (4DCBCT; 10 of 41 patients) scans were analyzed for a fully fractionated treatment course. Gross tumor volumes (GTVs) were contoured and the 3D displacement vectors of the centroid positions were compared for all scans. Furthermore, motion amplitude variations in different lung segments were statistically analyzed. The dosimetric impact of target motion variations and target motion assessment was investigated in exemplary patient cases.ResultsThe median observed centroid motion was 3.4 mm (range: 0.2–12.4 mm) with an average variation of 2.2 mm (range: 0.1–8.8 mm). Ten of 32 patients (31.3%) with an initial motion <5 mm increased beyond a 5‐mm motion amplitude during the treatment course. Motion observed in the 4DCBCT scans deviated on average 1.5 mm (range: 0.0–6.0 mm) from the motion observed in the 4DCTs. Larger motion variations for one example patient compromised treatment plan robustness while no dosimetric influence was seen due to motion assessment biases in another example case.ConclusionsTarget motion variations were investigated during the course of radiotherapy for NSCLC patients. Patients with initial GTV motion amplitudes of < 2 mm can be assumed to be stable in motion during the treatment course. For treatments of NSCLC patients who exhibit motion amplitudes of > 2 mm, 4DCBCT should be considered for motion monitoring due to substantial motion variations observed.
Minimizing the echo time in diffusion imaging using spiral readouts and a head gradient system
Authors: Wilm Bertram Jakob , Hennel Franciszek , Roesler Manuela Barbara , Weiger Markus , Pruessmann Klaas Paul 
Published: June 2020

PurposeDiffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is commonly limited by low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) as well as motion artifacts. To address this limitation, a method that allows to maximize the achievable signal yield and increase the resolution in motion robust single‐shot DWI is presented.MethodsDWI was performed on a 3T scanner equipped with a recently developed gradient insert (gradient strength: 200 mT/m, slew rate: 600 T/m/s). To further shorten the echo time, Stejskal‐Tanner diffusion encoding with a single‐shot spiral readout was implemented. To allow non‐Cartesian image reconstruction using such strong and fast gradients, the characterization of eddy current and concomitant field effects was performed based on field‐camera measurements.ResultsAn echo time of only 19 ms was achieved for a b‐factor of 1000 s/mm2. An in‐plane resolution of 0.68 mm was encoded by a single‐shot spiral readout of 40.5 ms using 3‐fold undersampling. The resulting images did not suffer from off‐resonance artifacts and

blurring that are common to single‐shot images acquired with regular gradient systems.ConclusionSpiral diffusion imaging using a head gradient system, together with an accurate characterization of the encoding process allows for a substantial reduction of the echo time, and improves the achievable resolution in motion‐insensitive single‐shot DWI.
The efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA in patients with previous failed augmentation cystoplasty: Cohort series and literature review
Authors: Toia Bogdan , Pakzad Mahreen H. , Hamid Rizwan , Wood Dan N , Greenwell Tamsin J. , Ockrim Jeremy L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsTo investigate the role of onabotulinumtoxinA (BTX‐A) injections in patients with failed augmentation cystoplasty for neuropathic or idiopathic detrusor overactivity (NDO or IDO).MethodsA retrospective review of all cystoplasty patients who underwent onabotulinumtoxinA injection at a tertiary center between 2008 and 2019 was performed. Details including indications and time from cystoplasty, video‐urodynamic parameters, onabotulinumtoxinA dose, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Telephone interview was performed for patients that requested repeat onabotulinumtoxinA injections. The interview included a modified PGIC7 and UDI6 questionnaires. A positive clinical response was considered improvement of overactive symptoms sufficient to merit repeat onabotulinumtoxinA injection and a modified PGIC7 of four or above.ResultsThirty patients were identified (11 men and 19 women). The indications for augmentation were IDO (n = 18) or NDO (n = 12). Mean age at the time of cystoplasty was 42 years (range, 10‐61). Interval between cystoplasty and initial onabotulinumtoxinA was 98 months (range, 3‐271). Video‐urodynamics before onabotulinumtoxinA revealed low compliance in 13 patients, DO in 22 patients, and combined low compliance/DO in 10. The median maximum cystometric bladder capacity was 338 mL (range, 77‐570 mL). Thirteen patients responded to onabotulinumtoxinA injections. Higher peak DO pressure was associated with a significantly higher chance that the patient would experience benefit from the injections P = .026). The patients that responded to onabotulinumtoxin A underwent a total of 115 procedures (mean, 8.8 injections) over a mean 88 months (range, 20‐157 months).ConclusionsForty‐three percent of patients responded well to intra‐detrusor onabotulinumtoxinA injections. This avoided the need for more invasive surgery and had a positive impact on their quality of life.
The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaires (ICIQ): An update on status and direction
Authors: Uren Alan D. , Cotterill Nikki , Pardoe Megan , Abrams Paul 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimsIn its 22nd year, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) project continues to promote its primary objective; the development and dissemination of patient completed questionnaires for the standardized, high‐quality assessment of urinary, bowel, and vaginal symptoms. The paper gives an update on the ICIQ in the context of current scientific developments of PROM design and regulatory requirements, and plans are outlined for its future direction.MethodsAn online library of all questionnaires, including over 300 translations has been launched to facilitate access through a semi‐automated registration system. The ICIQ project continues to update its protocol to meet current scientific standards and incorporate methodological advances within PROM development.ResultsNineteen psychometrically validated patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) are published for use in clinical practice and research, including amongst others, a bladder diary, male and female lower urinary tract symptoms, long term catheter, pad use, and bowel symptom questionnaires. The original ICIQ‐UI Short Form for the assessment of urinary incontinence continues to be the most internationally used questionnaire and has been translated into over 60 languages. New questionnaires which are under development include the ICIQ‐Underactive Bladder and ICIQ‐Satisfaction. We anticipate the new website and online library will further facilitate the ease of dissemination and availability of the questionnaires for clinical practice and research.ConclusionThe ICIQ continues to successfully achieve its primary objective. Going forward, a greater focus on promoting routine clinical use and the potential for electronic integration into databases and medical records is envisaged.
Walking in the Light: How History of Physical Activity, Sunlight, and Vitamin D Account for Body Fat—A UK Biobank Study
Authors: Klinedinst Brandon S. , Meier Nathan F. , Larsen Brittany , Wang Yueying , Yu Shan , Mochel Jonathan P. , Le Scott , Wolf Tovah , Pollpeter Amy , Pappas Colleen , Wang Qian , Allenspach Karin , Wang Li , Russell Daniel , Bennett David A. , Willette Auriel A. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThe high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and obesity drives the need for successful strategies that elevate vitamin D levels, prevent adipogenesis, and stimulate lipolysis. This study provides a theoretical model to evaluate how physical activity (PA) and sunlight exposure influence serum vitamin D levels and regional adiposity. This study hypothesized a posteriori that sunlight is associated with undifferentiated visceral adiposity by increasing the ratio of brown to white adipose tissue.MethodsUsing 10‐year longitudinal data, accelerometry, a sun‐exposure questionnaire, and regional adiposity quantified by dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry imaging, a structural‐equation mediation model of growth curves was constructed with a data‐driven methodology.ResultsSunlight and PA conjointly increased serum vitamin D. Changes in vitamin D levels partially mediated how sunlight and PA impacted adiposity in visceral and subcutaneous regions within a subjective PA model. In an objective PA model, vitamin D was a mediator for subcutaneous regions only. Interestingly, sunlight was associated with less adiposity in subcutaneous regions but greater adiposity in visceral regions.ConclusionsSunlight and PA may increase vitamin D levels. For the first time, this study characterizes a positive association between sunlight and visceral adiposity. Further investigation and experimentation are necessary to clarify the physiological role of sunlight exposure on adipose tissue.
Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma—Impact of locoregional approach on patient outcome: A report from the European paediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG)
Authors: Rogers Timothy N. , De Corti Federica , Burrieza Gabriela Guillén , Guérin Florent , Terwisscha van Scheltinga Sheila , Smeulders Naima , Craigie Ross , Jenney Meriel , Kelsey Anna , Zanetti Ilaria , Coppadoro Beatrice , De Salvo Gian Luca , Bisogno Gianni , Martelli Hélène 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundParatesticular rhabdomyosarcoma (PT RMS) is rare compared to benign scrotal pathology. Inappropriate first surgery (InFS) required supplementary treatment to maintain excellent outcomes. Initial staging of regional lymph nodes is important. The aim of this study was to determine to what extent the quality of locoregional approach impacted on patient morbidity and survival.Design/methodsAnalysis was performed on all nonmetastatic PT RMS patients enrolled in the European paediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group (EpSSG) RMS 2005 protocol. Aspects assessed were adherence to surgical guidelines and impact of protocol violations, relapse analysis, and survival outcomes.ResultsAnalysis was performed on 237 patients, with median follow up of 67.1 months. Median age was 9.0 years. InFS occurred in 75 of 237 (32%) patients. InFS required intensified chemotherapy (10) and local therapy. After InFS, 61 required primary reexcision and five delayed surgery. Of 26 recurrences, the risk of relapse was higher in patients ≥10 years (21/26) and was mainly locoregional in 16 of 26 recurrences (± metastatic). Sixteen of 26 died with 14 of 16 patients ≥10 years. Nodal relapse neither occurred when N1 nodes were identified at diagnosis, nor after surgical staging. Five‐year overall survival (OS) at age <10 years versus ≥10 years was 98.1 and 86.7%, respectively (P = .0013). Event‐free survival (EFS) at age <10 years versus ≥10 years was 95.8 and 79.6%, respectively (P = .0004). OS and EFS did not highlight a significant difference in patients undergoing appropriate versus InFS (P = .8479, P = .2780, respectively).ConclusionsInFS required intensified therapy to maintain excellent OS and EFS, so better anticipation of malignancy is required. Surgical staging of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes should be performed in patients ≥10 years old.
Comprehensive quality evaluation of Lignum Caraganae and rapid discrimination of Caragana jubata and Caragana changduensis based on characteristic compound fingerprints by HPLC‐UV and HPLC‐MS/MS coupled with chemometrics analysis
Authors: Wang Qiulin , Wu Xun , Yang Xuedong , Zhang Yi , Wang Lina , Li Xiaoxue , Qiu Yan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionCaragana jubata Poir (CJ) and Caragana changduensis Liou f. (CC) are the two main original plants of Lignum Caraganae (LIC, a clinically effective Tibetan materia medica) and the red heartwoods of CJ and CC have been used for the treatment of polycythemia, hypertension and menstrual disorders.ObjectiveTo establish a comprehensive method for rapid quality assessment of LIC based on revealing the characteristic components of LIC and to discriminate the plant sources and LIC from its adulterations.MethodologyA multi‐index and synthetically balanced orthogonal design L9 (34) experiment was performed to obtain an efficient ultrasonic extraction condition of LIC sample. High‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with an ultraviolet detector (HPLC‐UV) techniques were developed for fingerprinting and quantitative analysis of 14 major compounds in LIC, and the main components were identified by HPLC tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS). HPLC fingerprint and chemometrics analysis were employed to visualise the distinction and relationship of LIC obtained from CJ and CC and to determine their potential characteristic markers.ResultsFourteen compounds including a new compound were identified and quantified in LIC. The potential characteristic markers in LIC were identified based on qualitative and fingerprint analysis. The hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principle component analysis (PCA) showed obvious discrimination between LIC obtained from CJ and CC. Five batches of LIC samples were authenticated, and its adulterations were successfully found.ConclusionA facile HPLC combined with fingerprint and chemometrics methods could rapidly evaluate the quality of LIC and discriminate LIC obtained from CJ and CC.
Antireflection and antiwetting functionalities of plasma‐nanotextured polymer surfaces with biomimetic nanopillars
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Li Yupeng , Muzammil Iqbal , Lei Mingkai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInspired by the antireflection and antiwetting functionalities of dragonfly wings decorated with random nanopillars and a wax layer, a facile technique to endow the same functionalities has been devised. In this two‐step plasma nanotexturing technique, first oxygen plasma treatment is implemented to grow the random nanopillars on the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) surfaces, and then C4F8 plasma polymer deposition is carried out so that the thin fluorocarbon film with a low surface free energy and refraction index covers the random nanopillars. The biomimetic PMMA surfaces exhibit excellent broadband and omnidirectional antireflection properties and robust antiwetting properties under the water droplet impact. The superhydrophobicity at the slippery Cassie state was maintained under the natural oscillation of residual droplets.
Highlights from the 2019 North American Cystic Fibrosis Conference
Authors: Hoppe Jordana E. , Guimbellot Jennifer , Martiniano Stacey L. , Toprak Demet , Davis Chelsea , Daines Cori L. , Muhlebach Marianne S. , Esther Charles R. , Dellon Elisabeth P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis review briefly summarizes presentations in several major topic areas at the conference: pathophysiology and basic science of cystic fibrosis lung disease, clinical trials, clinical quality improvement, microbiology and treatment of infection, and transition, advanced lung disease and transplant, mental health and psychosocial concerns. The review is intended to highlight several areas and is not a comprehensive summary of the conference. Citations from the conference are by the first author and abstract number or symposium number, as designated in the supplement.
Fungal prostatitis due to endemic mycoses and Cryptococcus: A multicenter case series
Authors: Epstein David J. , Thompson Lester D. R. , Saleem Atif , Kao Chia‐Sui , Epstein Jonathan I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundFungal prostatitis is exceedingly rare with mostly case reports.MethodsElectronic medical records at three medical centers were searched for cases of fungal prostatitis due to endemic mycoses and Cryptococcus over the preceding 10 years.ResultsSeven cases were identified from 105 600 prostate biopsies within the Southern California Permanente Medical Group for an incidence of 0.0066%. An additional eight cases were identified from two other health care systems. Excluding four patients without available clinical data, 11 patients were reviewed, most of whom underwent biopsy due to elevated prostate‐specific antigen. Four were asymptomatic and the remainder had nonspecific signs or symptoms. All biopsies revealed granulomatous inflammation and fungal organisms. Seven patients had coccidioidomycosis, three patients had cryptococcosis (confirmed in two cases and suspected by organism morphology in the other), and one patient had likely histoplasmosis based on organism morphology. Prolonged antifungal treatment was standard; outcomes were favorable.ConclusionFungal prostatitis due to endemic mycoses and Cryptococcus is uncommon and associated with favorable outcomes but generally involves prolonged therapy.
Establishing a framework of analysis for selective sorting and changing health gradients
Authors: Darlington‐Pollock Frances , Norman Paul 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHealth inequalities research seeks to determine if changing health gradients may be due to the movement of differently healthy people between area types and/or social classes through a process of selective sorting. Because conclusions vary, in part because of different approaches employed, there is a need to establish an appropriate framework within which it is possible to determine whether and how spatial or social mobility contributes to changing spatial and social inequalities in health over time. In this paper, we present empirical examples demonstrating a methodological approach needed to determine aggregate changes in health, and discuss the results in terms of the impact of selective sorting on changing health gradients. Our empirical work illustrates that selective sorting through social mobility and migration can contribute to widening health inequalities in the population. We conclude that it is necessary to re‐aggregate microdata at the relevant time points of interest to determine changes in the population distribution of a particular health outcome. Simply establishing whether individuals vary in health by transition status may imply an impact on aggregate changes but does not demonstrate it.
Transport properties of surface layers from full‐scale reinforced concrete member
Authors: Ren Fangzhou , Li Liang , Wang Wei , Zhou Chunsheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe durability performance of concrete structure is intimately related to the mass transport properties for the surface layers of concrete members. However, due to several effects, such as segregation, jamming effect and so on, the quality of the surface layer for reinforced member might be obviously different from their core material and material prepared and cured in the laboratory (labcrete). This study aims at understanding the mass transport properties of surface layers from reinforced concrete member, and clarifying the differences among them and those for accompanied labcrete. Specimens prepared from both a full‐scale reinforced beam and labcrete are subjected to experimental investigations on their gas permeability, capillary sorptivity, chloride diffusivity, and chloride migration coefficients. It is found that, for the same specimen, the gas permeability is approximately linear to capillary sorptivity. While the chloride diffusivity is smaller than the rapid migration coefficient. The durability potential of surface layers for the reinforced beam is inferior to that of the inner core material. While the latter is further obviously worse than that of labcrete. In engineering practice, special attention should be paid to ensure the quality of surface layer. When making quantification or prediction for the durability potential of concrete structure, it is more appropriate to use specimens from surface layers of field concrete members rather than those from labcrete.