bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Which Is in Front of Chinese People, Past or Future? The Effect of Language and Culture on Temporal Gestures and Spatial Conceptions of Time
Authors: Gu Yan , Zheng Yeqiu , Swerts Marc 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThetemporal‐focus hypothesisclaims that whether people conceptualize the past or the future as in front of them depends on their cultural attitudes toward time; such conceptualizations can be independent from the space–time metaphors expressed through language. In this paper, we study how Chinese people conceptualize time on the sagittal axis to find out the respective influences of language and culture on mental space–time mappings. An examination of Mandarin speakers' co‐speech gestures shows that some Chinese spontaneously perform past‐in‐front/future‐at‐back (besides future‐in‐front/past‐at‐back) gestures, especially when gestures are accompanying past‐in‐front/future‐at‐back space–time metaphors (Exp. 1). Using a temporal performance task, the study confirms that Chinese can conceptualize the future as behind and the past as in front of them, and that such space–time mappings are affected by the different expressions of Mandarin space–time metaphors (Exp. 2). Additionally, a survey on cultural attitudes toward time shows that Chinese tend to focus slightly more on the future than on the past (Exp. 3). Within the Chinese sample, we did not find evidence for the effect of participants' cultural temporal attitudes on space–time mappings, but a cross‐cultural comparison of space–time mappings between Chinese, Moroccans, and Spaniards provides strong support for thetemporal‐focus hypothesis. Furthermore, the results of Exp. 2 are replicated even after controlling for factors such as cultural temporal attitudes and age (Exp. 3), which implies that linguistic sagittal temporal metaphors can indeed influence Mandarin speakers' space–time mappings. The findings not only contribute to a better understanding of Chinese people's sagittal temporal orientation, but also have additional implications for theories on the mental space–time mappings and the relationship between language and thought.
Recent advances in the role of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors on cardiac allograft vasculopathy
Authors: Bellumkonda Lavanya , Patel Jignesh 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a progressive fibroproliferative disease, which contributes to significant morbidity and mortality during long‐term follow‐up after heart transplantation. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have favorable effects on endothelial function and reduce intimal proliferation, and their early use after transplantation has been associated with a reduction in the risk of development and progression of CAV. However, there are conflicting reports on the efficacy of these agents in treating established CAV. Most of the data until recently have been based on short‐term follow‐up, and CAV was assessed by changes in intravascular ultrasound. In this study, we review the mechanism of action of mTOR inhibitors and their protective role in CAV and summarize some of the recent literature, which include long‐term follow‐up using this class of medications.
Not all threats are taken equally: Evidence from proxy fights
Authors: Chen Fang , Du Lijing , Flaherty Susan M. V. , Huang Jian , Torna Gokhan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPrevious research shows that activist threats lead to corporate policy concessions. We find that the threat of proxy fights is responded to differently based on its credibility. Decomposing proxy fight threats, we find that only credible threats are associated with more leveraged, more innovative, and less acquisitive corporate policies. Management, however, does not respond to noncredible threats. Further, for materialized fights, the market reaction at announcement is also conditional on the credibility of the threats. Overall, not all activist threats are responded to equally by management or the market, and only credible threats achieve disciplinary effects and favorable valuation.
Tunable microwave dielectric properties in SrO‐V2O5 system through compositional modulation
Authors: Li Chunchun , Yin Changzhi , Deng Ming , Shu Longlong , Khaliq Jibran 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAdjustment on resonance frequency stability against the sintering temperature of Sr3V2O8 was realized by adjusting the Sr:V mole ratio. Effects of Sr:V ratio on sintering behavior and dielectric properties of Sr3V2O8 were studied. The sintering temperature was sucessfully reduced to 950°C from 1150°C. With increasing vanadium content, both relative permittivity and quality factor decreased, while the temperature coefficient of resonance frequency shifted from positive to negative values. Especially, a near‐zero τf of −1.1 ppm/°C along with a low permittivity (εr) of 9.8 and a quality factor Q × f of 24 120 GHz was successfully achieved in Sr3‐yV2O8‐y ceramic (y = 0.6, sintered at 950°C). The wide compositional and processing adjustment window, favorable dielectric performances, and good chemical compatibility with silver render Sr3‐yV2O8‐y ceramics potential candidates in multilayer electronic devices.
Problematic internet use and study motivation in higher education
Authors: Truzoli Roberto , Viganò Caterina , Galmozzi Paolo Gabriele , Reed Phil 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe current study explored the relationship between problematic internet use (PIU) and motivation to learn, and examined psychological and social factors mediating this relationship. Two hundred and eighty‐five students in an Italian University were recruited for the current study. There was a negative relationship between PIU and motivation to study: a negative impact on learning strategies, meaning that the students found it harder to organize their learning productively; and PIU also positively associated with test anxiety. The current results also demonstrated that there was partial mediation of this effect of PIU on learning strategies in terms of loneliness. This suggest at those with high levels of PIU may be particularly at risk from lower motivations to study, and, hence, lower actual generalized academic performance due to a number of consequences of PIU.
Poor allocation concealment methods are associated with heterogeneity in age and statistical significance of the primary outcome: Review of recent trials published in four general medical journals
Authors: Mitchell Alex , Moe‐Byrne Thirimon , Cunningham‐Burley Rachel , Dean Alexandra , Rangan Aditi , Roche Jenny , Torgerson David J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association of the quality of allocation concealment with heterogeneity in age, the P value of the primary outcome and statistical significance of the primary outcome.Study design and settingWe extracted data from articles published in four major medical journals in 2017 and 2018 that reported the results of randomized controlled trials. The outcome measures were the quality of allocation concealment used in the trial, the P value of the primary outcome, whether the P value of the primary outcome was statistically significant and the level of heterogeneity in age between the treatment groups (measured using the I2 statistic). The association between the quality of allocation concealment and the P value of the primary outcome was assessed using a kernel density plot, while the association between the quality of allocation concealment and whether the P value was statistically significant was assessed using logistic regression.ResultsTrials that used inadequate concealment methods were more likely to report statistically significant findings than trials that used good or adequate methods (OR 1.90; 95% CI: 0.91 to 3.95; P = .09). The values of I2 for trials that used good, adequate, inadequate and unclear concealment methods were 0%, 1.0%, 32.6%, and 93.8%, respectively.ConclusionThere is evidence of an association between poor allocation concealment methods and statistical significance of the primary outcome. Trials that use inadequate allocation concealment methods are more likely to have statistically significant P values compared with trials using good or adequate allocation concealment methods.
A new type of constant air‐temperature thawing system using compressor casing thermal storage
Authors: Liu Zhongbao , Zhao Banghua , Jiang Wencong , Qi Xin , Yan Jiawen , Lou Fengfei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe commonly used normal‐temperature air‐thawing method is time‐consuming and cannot achieve constant temperature thawing. Furthermore, microwave thawing consumes a considerable amount of electricity. These two common thawing methods cannot guarantee food quality. Thus, a new type of constant air‐temperature thawing system (CATT) that uses compressor casing thermal storage is designed and tested in this study. Results show that the CATT has faster speed than the air‐thawing method. Furthermore, although the thawing speed of CATT is slower than that of microwave thawing, food with 274.25 g thawing quality can save 0.2 kW h of electricity per iteration. The weight loss of CATT at 34°C was 64.6% of that of microwave thawing. The weight loss of CATT at 46°C was 40.8% of that of microwave thawing. When thawing at a constant temperature of 46°C, the thawing time required for the central temperature of chicken meat to increase from −8 to 10°C is 2 hr. The thermal storage material can decrease compressor noise effectively by 17.65%.Practical ApplicationsThe thawing of frozen food is a common problem. Hence, this paper proposes a new thawing method based on the residual heat of the refrigerator compressor casing. This method does not need to consume other energy and instead uses directly waste heat generated by the compressor casing to thaw frozen food. Frozen food can be thawed naturally at a constant temperature by controlling the temperature of the thawing chamber, and consequently, the disadvantages of long‐term air thawing and poor quality of microwave thawing are improved. The application of this method can increase the thawing function of the refrigerator and has considerable application prospects.
Direct observation of speed fluctuations of flagellar motor rotation at extremely low load close to zero
Authors: Nakamura Shuichi , Hanaizumi Yuta , Morimoto Yusuke V. , Inoue Yumi , Erhardt Marc , Minamino Tohru , Namba Keiichi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe bacterial flagellar motor accommodates ten stator units around the rotor to produce large torque at high load. But when external load is low, some previous studies showed that a single stator unit can spin the rotor at the maximum speed, suggesting that the maximum speed does not depend on the number of active stator units, whereas others reported that the speed is also dependent on the stator number. To clarify these two controversial observations, much more precise measurements of motor rotation would be required at external load as close to zero as possible. Here, we constructed a Salmonella filament‐less mutant that produces a rigid, straight, twice longer hook to efficiently label a 60 nm gold particle and analyzed flagellar motor dynamics at low load close to zero. The maximum motor speed was about 400 Hz. Large speed fluctuations and long pausing events were frequently observed, and they were suppressed by either over‐expression of the MotAB stator complex or increase in the external load, suggesting that the number of active stator units in the motor largely fluctuates near zero load. We conclude that the lifetime of the active stator unit becomes much shorter when the motor operates near zero load.
A PIK3CA mutation in an acquired capillary malformation
Authors: Rosenthal Jaclyn , Sibbald Cathryn , Jen Melinda , Deardorff Matthew A. , Treat James 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAcquired capillary malformations are rare vascular anomalies composed of dilated capillaries in the skin. We present a pediatric case of an acquired capillary malformation as a novel presentation of the PIK3CA‐related overgrowth syndromes. Using next‐generation sequencing, we identified a PIK3CA p.Val344Met mutation within the acquired capillary malformation with possible prognostic and therapeutic significance.
Poverty
Authors: Wolff Jonathan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPoverty is often defined as lacking the financial resources to meet a set of basic needs. Here, I consider four questions. First, how is the relevant level of basic needs to be determined? Second, given that the possibility of satisfying basic needs is not solely determined by possession of financial resources, is poverty better understood or measured at least in part in non‐financial terms? Third, what, if anything, is owed to people in poverty and by whom? And finally, what social policies should be favoured in attempting to deal with poverty? The key message is that overcoming poverty is more than meeting needs for food and shelter, but also includes meeting the human need for a social life and fitting in with what is commonly expected in society (overcoming relative poverty). Out of respect for all, governments have a duty to adopt policies to bring people out of poverty.
Correlations between blood lipid, serum cystatin C, and homocysteine levels in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Li Jia , Gu Chengzhi , Zhu Min , Li Dan , Chen Lan , Zhu Xiangyang 
Published: December 2019

AimThe aim was too study the correlations between blood lipid, serum cystatin C (Cys C) and homocysteine (Hcy) levels in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsA total of 322 PD patients and 214 healthy subjects were selected as case and control groups, respectively. The risk factors were explored by logistic regression analysis. The case group was subtyped according to main motor symptoms and age of onset. The correlations of significantly different indices with age, duration of disease, and equivalent dose of levodopa were studied by Spearman's correlation analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to analyze diagnostic values.ResultsCompared to the control group, the PD group had lower serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) levels and higher high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), Hcy, and Cys C levels (P < 0.05). Decreased Apo B level and increased HDL‐C and Hcy levels were independent risk factors (P < 0.05). The Cys C level of early‐onset patients was lower than of late‐onset patients (P < 0.05). Hcy (r = 0.198, P < 0.05) and Cys C (r = 0.281, P < 0.05) levels were positively correlated with age. Triglyceride level was negatively correlated with age (r = −0.202, P < 0.05) and disease duration (r = −0.198, P < 0.05). Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III score was positively correlated with disease duration (r = 0.435, P < 0.05) and equivalent dose of levodopa (r = 0.423, P < 0.05). The areas under the curve for Apo B, HDL‐C, and Hcy levels were 0.341, 0.588, and 0.643, respectively (P < 0.05). The combination of Apo B, HDL‐C, and Hcy levels showed high diagnostic value, with a sensitivity of 76.4% and specificity of 69.5%.ConclusionsLow serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and Apo B, and high levels of HDL‐C, Hcy, and Cys C may be correlated with PD onset and progression. Decreased Apo B level and elevated HDL‐C and Hcy levels are independent risk factors. Early‐onset and late‐onset PD may have different progression mechanisms.
Justification VindicatedJustification: Volume One, MichaelHorton, Zondervan, 2018 (ISBN 978‐0‐310‐49160‐6), 400 pp., pb £39.99Justification: Volume Two, MichaelHorton, Zondervan, 2018 (ISBN 978‐0‐310‐57838‐3), 528 pp., pb £39.99
Authors: O'Leary Joseph S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWriting from a classical Reformed perspective, Horton reviews the entire history of ‘Justification’ and then sharply criticizes many fashionable movements in theology that he sees as a betrayal of the doctrine. These include ‘the new perspective on Paul’, the Finnish School of Tuomo Mannermaa, Radical Orthodoxy, and even the Lutheran–Roman Catholic Joint Declaration of 1999. Writing with theological and pastoral passion, Horton is a formidable polemicist who never loses sight of his central concern, so that his book is both an exciting debate and a moving witness to the Pauline, Lutheran, and Calvinist Gospel.
Factors related to perceived caring among older people residing in long‐term care facilities: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hwang Huei‐Lih , Tu Chin‐Tang 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundHealthcare providers who exhibit caring behaviours promote quality of care. Theoretical and empirical models have promoted a three‐dimensional paradigm of care perception. However, the perception of elderly residents in long‐term care facilities related to caring has not been investigated.ObjectivesThis study explored factors related to the elderly’s perception of healthcare providers’ caring in long‐term care facilities.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 461 elderly residents living in 57 long‐term care facilities in southern Taiwan. A structured questionnaire included demographic information, facility characteristics and the 12‐item Caring Scale for Institutionalized Elders. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine significant factors related to the elderly residents’ caring perceptions.FindingsA hierarchical regression model showed 49.9% of the variance in elderly’s perception of caring. Significant related factors included resident’s age, number of comorbidities, need for caring, time spent being cared for, bed‐to‐nurse staffing ratios and accreditation status.ConclusionsImproved Registered Nurse staffing ratios with a higher level of accreditation status yield better perceptions of caring among residential elderly. Those with comorbid diseases and fewer caring needs have a higher perception of healthcare provider caring.ImplicationsThe related factors of elderly’s perceived caring provide long‐term care managers and nursing staff with beneficial information to develop strategies that can manage residents with high expected‐care needs. Policies to improve the accreditation standards of long‐term care facilities are needed.
A survey investigating the current practice of French health professionals regarding infection risk after monkey bites
Authors: Gauthier Pauline , Bellanger Anne‐Pauline , Bozon Fabienne , Lepiller Quentin , Chirouze Catherine , Marguet Philippe 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInternational tourism is steadily increasing, with 15% of travellers reporting health problems when they come back. Animal bites represent 2% of consulting causes, of which 20% are due to monkey bites. The Monkey B virus (Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1) is an alphaherpesvirus (Herpesviridae, genus Simplexvirus) enzootic in macaques (Genus Macaca). Zoonotic infections with the Monkey B virus following exposure to macaques are exceptionally rare, but can cause fatal encephalomyelitis in humans. An observational survey was undertaken in 2018 to assess the practice of French health professionals regarding infection risk after monkey bites. French health professionals practicing in vaccination and rabies centres were specifically targeted for this study. Standardized questionnaires were sent by email to a sample of French health professionals. They were asked to participate on a voluntary and anonymous basis. The questionnaires requested epidemiological details and included multiple‐choice questions about the infection management of monkey bites. The response rate was 33.5%. The frequency of monkey bites in 2017 was variable with a minority of centres managing more than 6 per year (12%), 46% managing 1–5 monkey bites and 42% none. Most of the monkey bites were described as occurring in South Asia at tourist sites, on naked upper limbs, shortly after the travellers arrived at their destination. Tetanus status verification, rabies post‐exposure prophylaxis and antibiotic therapy were said to be prescribed in most cases. Knowledge about the Monkey B virus was reported as scarce for 38% of the participants. The number of monkey bites managed per year per centre varied greatly but practices regarding infectious risk after monkey bites were generally homogeneous. The risk of Monkey B virus transmission did not readily come to mind in the differential diagnosis of infection risk for many French health professionals.
Discussion: “Simultaneous Effects of Nonlinear Mixed Convection and Radiative Flow Due to Riga-Plate With Double Stratification” (Hayat, T., Ullah, I., Alsaedi, A., Ahamad, B., 2018, ASME J. Heat Transfer, 140(10), p. 102008)
Authors: Pantokratoras Asterios 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The present comment concerns some doubtful results included in the above paper.
Tensioned Metastable Fluid Detectors for Spectrometric Radon–Progeny Detection and AARST-NRPP Standard Qualification
Authors: Hemesath Mitch P. , Archambault Brian C. , Boyle Nathan M. , Taleyarkhan Rusi P. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper describes how the tensioned metastable fluid detector (TMFD) sensor technology was successfully configured and qualified for efficient, accurate, spectroscopic, and cost-effective radon and progeny spectroscopic detection alongside meeting/exceeding the standards set by the American Association of Radon Scientists and Technologists-National Radon Proficiency Program (AARST-NRPP) Device Evaluation Program (DEP). The DEP represents addressing of a challenging test matrix that assesses a radon collection and measurement device's performance over a variety of functional parameters and environmental conditions. Qualification test conditions covered in this study included performance vetting of the centrifugally tensioned metastable fluid detector (CTMFD) technology under a wide range of temperatures, noncondensing relative humidity (RH) levels, condensing conditions, atmospheric pressures, background photon radiation, nonionizing external electromagnetic (EM) fields, shock and vibration, and air movement. Of all these parameters, only the ambient temperature played a first-order role on radon collection; for this reason, a dynamic compensation algorithm was developed and successfully validated. The remaining AARST-NRPP test parameters were found to have negligible affects. In comparison to state-of-art radon detector systems, the resulting radon specific CTMFD (R-CTMFD) sensor system and protocol are shown to provide for superior sensitivity along with spectroscopic identification of radon–progeny alpha emitters while remaining 100% blind to interfering gamma–beta background radiation.
Fully Developed Transport Constants of Annular Tubes, With Application to the Entrance Region
Authors: Bennett Ted D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Description of the laminar thermal entry problem in annular tubes has historically been limited to a few geometric cases that require piecing together classical Graetz series and Lévêque series solutions to span all values of the Graetz number. The current work uses a recently developed generalized correlation to describe the full range of Graetz numbers for any annular tube geometry. However, the correlation requires fully developed Nusselt number values that have only been accurately reported in tabular and graphical forms. Exact analytic solutions for the constant wall heat flux condition are developed in this work, and simplified correlations are proposed for all wall conditions that reproduce exact Nusselt number solutions to within ± 0.4%. Using these results, a modified version of the generalized Graetz problem correlation is developed to reproduce the most published Nusselt numbers for the thermal entry problem in an annular tube to be within ± 5%.