bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability analysis of RC beam bridge considering relevant random variables
Authors: Ye Pei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In order to test the analysis of the influence of non-normally related random variables on the reliability of RC bridge structures, the conversion process and method of Rosenblatt transform to non-normal random variables are systematically introduced. First, the basic principles and applicable conditions of Rosenblatt transformation are introduced. On this basis, based on the standard design expression and the design live dead load ratio as the basic parameter, the reliable index corresponding to different correlation coefficients is calculated according to the Rosenblatt transformation method. The results show that when the FORM method is used for calculation, the reliability index of Rosenblatt transformation calculation is greatly affected by the order of different variables; the structural reliability index of the RC bridge with relevant random variables increases with the increase of the correlation coefficient, and different live dead load ratios also have a more obvious effect on the reliability index; the shear bearing capacity is larger than the calculation result of the reliable index of the bending capacity, which does not meet the actual requirements. It provides a basis for the RC beam bridge to choose the bending capacity as the reliability of the resistance calculation.
Study on the spontaneous combustion risk and thermal decomposition characteristics of nitrocellulose
Authors: Liu Changhao , Zhu Shunbing , Wu Jiameng , Tao Lujia , Wang Wenhao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Nitrocellulose (NC) is an important raw material for industrial products and is widely used in military and civilian industries. However, accidents of nitrocellulose burning and explosion are common. In order to test the thermal hazards of NC and guide its safe production, storage, transportation and use, an auto-ignition temperature tester was used to study the effects of different factors (quality, heating rate, nitrogen content) on NC spontaneous combustion. And differential scanning Calorimetric method was used to test the heat flow curve of nitrocellulose at a heating rate of 5 °C/min after adding different content of diphenylamine (DPA) to determine the thermal kinetic characteristics of the initial reaction exotherm temperature, maximum peak temperature, reaction enthalpy change, etc. The results show that after adding 1%, 2%, and 3% DPA, the ΔT of NC increases sequentially by 4, 3.12, and 3.10°. DPA as a stabilizer has good compatibility with NC, which can effectively slow down the thermal decomposition speed of NC and prolong the storage life of NC.
Effect of the combined addition of TaC and NbC on the dispersity of cubic phase in ultra-fine WC–10Co–0.5Cr cemented carbides
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Weibin , Zhou Peng , Lv Jian , Du Yong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
TaC and NbC have different effects on the dispersity of precipitated cubic phase, which acts as an important role in regulating the mechanical properties of ultra-fine cemented carbides. In this work, the influence of the combined addition of TaC and NbC on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties in ultra-fine WC–10Co–0.5Cr cemented carbides was systematically investigated through the thermodynamic calculations and experiments. With the guide of thermodynamic calculations, the ultra-fine WC–10Co–0.5Cr cemented carbides with the combined addition of TaC and NbC were prepared. By replacing TaC with NbC, the dispersity of cubic carbides can be improved significantly from large-size honeycombed to small-size isolated cubic particles, which is explained by thermodynamic calculations. The brittle cubic phase results in the degradation of crack propagation resistance, and thus deteriorates the mechanical properties. Therefore, both the hardness and fracture toughness increase with the improvement of dispersity of cubic phase in cemented carbides.
Stable thermal transport in reduced graphene-oxide aerogel at elevated temperatures
Authors: Mahakul Prakash C , Gayathri P , Remyamol T , Sreemoolanadhan H , Ajith M R , Jaiswal Manu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We investigate thermal transport in three-dimensional graphene aerogel networks at elevated temperatures. The aerogels are solution-processed from graphene-oxide flakes using amine-based linkers and then partially reduced to impart stability in the chemical structure at elevated temperatures. Thermal conductivity of the system is estimated using steady-state electrothermal technique in vacuum in the temperature interval from 30 to 200 °C. The thermal conductivity value is κ ∼ 0.2 W/mK at room temperature, and is found to be weakly dependent on temperature across the entire temperature interval. To examine the microscopic origin of this stable response, the thermal conductivity estimates are complemented with insights from temperature-dependent transient electrothermal response. We show that the temperature stable thermal insulation behaviour observed in this system can be attributed to two factors: point-defect scattering at the flake level from the remnant oxygen-functionalities which dominates over Umklapp scattering processes, and another contribution that arises from interfacial thermal resistance between flakes. The partial reduction thus achieves a delicate balance between imparting chemical stability while also retaining the dominance of point-defect phonon scattering, where the latter contributes to temperature stable thermal conductivity.
The effect of S/Mo ratio on structure and properties of MoSx-Ti composite coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering
Authors: Wang Tao , Xue Chen , Yu Shouming , Chen Wei , Zhang Guojun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
MoSx-Ti composite coatings with different S/Mo ratios were prepared by varying the substrate bias voltage of magnetron sputtering. It was found that the S/Mo ratio of the as-deposited MoSx-Ti coating decreased gradually from 1.7 to 1.3 as substrate bias voltage increased from −30 V to −110 V. The MoS1.7-Ti coating exhibits a nanocrystalline and amorphous phase mixed structure while the other MoSx-Ti coatings were all amorphous structured. The hardness of the MoSx-Ti coatings increased from 8.8 GPa to 9.8 GPa as the S/Mo ratio decreased from 1.7 to 1.3. The MoSx-Ti coatings with the S/Mo above 1.4 exhibit COF with values smaller than 0.07 at RH of 50% and increased wear rate in the magnitude of ∼10–7 mm3 Nm−1. The tribological behavior of the MoSx-Ti coatings were determined by the formation of the imperfect crystalline MoS2 tribofilm. With the decrease of the S/Mo ratio, the increased defects in imperfect crystalline MoS2 tribofilm lead to quicker consumption of the tribofilm during the trio-test, which result in a higher wear rate.
Development and initial characterization of a high-resolution PET detector module with DOI
Authors: Li Mohan , Wang Yuli , Abbaszadeh Shiva 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Organ-dedicated PET scanners are becoming more prevalent because of their advantages in higher sensitivity, improved image quality, and lower cost. Detectors utilized in these scanners have finer pixel size with depth of interaction (DOI) capability. This work presents a LYSO(Ce) detector module with DOI capability which has the potential to be scaled up to a high-resolution small animal or organ-dedicated PET system. For DOI capability, a submodule with one LYSO block detector utilizing PETsys TOFPET2 application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) was previously developed in our lab. We scaled up the submodule and optimized the configuration to allow for a compact housing of the dual-readout boards in one side of the blocks by designing a high-speed dual-readout cable to maintain the original pin-to-pin relationship between the Samtec connectors. The module size is 53.8 × 57.8 mm2. Each module has 2 × 2 LYSO blocks, each LYSO block consists of 4 × 4 LYSO units, and each LYSO unit contains a 6 × 6 array of 1 × 1 × 20 mm3 LYSO crystals. The four lateral surfaces of LYSO crystal were mechanically ground to W14, and the two end surfaces were polished. Two ends of the LYSO crystal are optically connected to SiPM for DOI measurement. Eight LYSO blocks performance including energy, timing, and DOI resolution is characterized with a single LYSO slab. The in-panel and orthogonal-panel spatial resolution of the two modules with 107.4 mm distance between each other are measured at 9 positions within the field of view (FOV) with a 22Na source. Results show that the average energy, timing, and DOI resolution of all LYSO blocks are 16.13% ± 1.01% at 511 keV, 658.03 ± 15.18 ps, and 2.62 ± 0.06 mm, respectively. The energy and timing resolution of two modules are 16.35% and 0.86 ns, respectively. The in-panel and orthogonal-panel spatial resolution of the two modules at the FOV center are 1.9 and 4.4 mm respectively.
On fault feature extraction and diagnosis of vertical mill
Authors: Xu Bo , Sun Yongjian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of complicated fault diagnosis and poor fault diagnosis of vertical mill operation, this paper proposes a diagnostic method based on fisher and information entropy difference classification. By extracting the fault feature of the anomaly attribute–the maximum value of the attribute, and the possible faults can be determined according to the fault characteristics. Then the information entropy of each sample is calculated, and the entropy difference between normal and fault states is calculated. The normal and fault conditions can be classified by fisher classifier. This method can capture the instantaneous change of the fault and detect the moment when the fault occurs. And the effectiveness of the feature extraction method is verified by experiments.
Discrepancies in the free spectral range (FSR) of one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal/photonic wire coupled-cavities
Authors: Nawi Mohd Nuriman , Berhanuddin Dilla Duryha , Loncar Marko , Mahdi Mohd Adzir , De La Rue Richard M , Md Zain Ahmad Rifqi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present the simulation and experimental demonstration of a coupled-cavity 1D photonic-crystal/photonic-wire (PhC/PhW) structure that produces multiple resonance wavelengths. The combination of several cavities results in the assembly of a spectral response that exhibits multiple resonance wavelengths and potentially leads to the wavelength control required for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) applications. By using a structure with three distinct in-line cavities, we have obtained three distinct resonance wavelengths—in conformity with the rule that the number of distinct resonance wavelengths is proportional to the number of cavities. The experimental photonic wire waveguide structure had cross-sectional dimensions of 600 nm (width) × 260 nm (height)—with an embedded photonic crystal (PhC) micro-cavity—all based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. The embedded PhC structure was tailored to give resonance wavelengths in the C-band and L-band fiber telecommunication range. With the introduction of tapering in the multiple micro-cavity structure, it was possible to obtain three resonance wavelengths that correspond to WDM wavelengths of 1534.87, 1554.63 and 1594.86 nm—whereas, without tapering, the resonance wavelengths were 1645.60, 1670.76 and 1698.68 nm, respectively. We have observed an asymmetric free spectral range (FSR) situation with un-equal resonance wavelength spacing. The taper regions are also responsible for high optical transmission and lower Q-factor values at resonance. Transmission values of 0.17, 0.47 and 0.43 were obtained, together with Q-factor values of 1179.32, 930.05 and 970.35, respectively, without using tapered sections—while transmission values of 0.45, 0.74 and 0.43 were obtained, together with Q-factor values of 1083.24, 850.10 and 885.22, respectively, using tapered sections. (The normalisation values for the experiments were obtained with respect to an unstructured photonic wire). We have demonstrated that the taper structures used must be designed accurately, in order to maximize the transmission values at the desired resonance wavelengths. The demonstration of fabricated device structures that have measured properties that are in close agreement with predictions obtained using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) computational software is an indication of the precision of the fabrication process. With the introduction of multiple cavities into the structures realised, the number of resonance wavelengths can be tailored for application as WDM components or other wavelength selective filters, such as arrayed-waveguide grating structures (AWGs) and Bragg gratings.
Future Prospects of Occupational Exposure Modelling of Substances in the Context of Time-Resolved Sensor Data
Authors: Goede Henk , Kuijpers Eelco , Krone Tanja , le Feber Maaike , Franken Remy , Fransman Wouter , Duyzer Jan , Pronk Anjoeka 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This commentary explores the use of high-resolution data from new, miniature sensors to enrich models that predict exposures to chemical substances in the workplace. To optimally apply these sensors, one can expect an increased need for new models that will facilitate the interpretation and extrapolation of the acquired time-resolved data. We identified three key modelling approaches in the context of sensor data, namely (i) enrichment of existing time-integrated exposure models, (ii) (new) high-resolution (in time and space) empirical models, and (iii) new ‘occupational dispersion’ models. Each approach was evaluated in terms of their application in research, practice, and for policy purposes. It is expected that substance-specific sensor data will have the potential to transform workplace modelling by re-calibrating, refining, and validating existing (time-integrated) models. An increased shift towards ‘sensor-driven’ models is expected. It will allow for high-resolution modelling in time and space to identify peak exposures and will be beneficial for more individualized exposure assessment and real-time risk management. New ‘occupational dispersion models’ such as interpolation, computational fluid dynamic models, and assimilation techniques, together with sensor data, will be specifically useful. These techniques can be applied to develop site-specific concentration maps which calculate personal exposures and mitigate worker exposure through early warning systems, source finding and improved control design and control strategies. Critical development and investment needs for sensor data linked to (new) model development were identified such as (i) the generation of more sensor data with reliable sensor technologies (achieved by improved specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of sensors), (ii) investing in statistical and new model developments, (iii) ensuring that we comply with privacy and security issues of concern, and (iv) acceptance by relevant target groups (such as employers and employees) and stimulation of these new technologies by policymakers and technology developers.
Accurate and efficient gene function prediction using a multi-bacterial network
Authors: Law Jeffrey N , Kale Shiv D , Murali T M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Nearly 40% of the genes in sequenced genomes have no experimentally or computationally derived functional annotations. To fill this gap, we seek to develop methods for network-based gene function prediction that can integrate heterogeneous data for multiple species with experimentally based functional annotations and systematically transfer them to newly sequenced organisms on a genome-wide scale. However, the large sizes of such networks pose a challenge for the scalability of current methods.

Results
We develop a label propagation algorithm called FastSinkSource. By formally bounding its rate of progress, we decrease the running time by a factor of 100 without sacrificing accuracy. We systematically evaluate many approaches to construct multi-species bacterial networks and apply FastSinkSource and other state-of-the-art methods to these networks. We find that the most accurate and efficient approach is to pre-compute annotation scores for species with experimental annotations, and then to transfer them to other organisms. In this manner, FastSinkSource runs in under 3 min for 200 bacterial species.

Availability and implementation
An implementation of our framework and all data used in this research are available at https://github.com/Murali-group/multi-species-GOA-prediction.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
MirCure: a tool for quality control, filter and curation of microRNAs of animals and plants
Authors: Ylla Guillem , Liu Tianyuan , Conesa Ana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Motivation
microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential components of gene expression regulation at the post-transcriptional level. miRNAs have a well-defined molecular structure and this has facilitated the development of computational and high-throughput approaches to predict miRNAs genes. However, due to their short size, miRNAs have often been incorrectly annotated in both plants and animals. Consequently, published miRNA annotations and miRNA databases are enriched for false miRNAs, jeopardizing their utility as molecular information resources. To address this problem, we developed MirCure, a new software for quality control, filtering and curation of miRNA candidates. MirCure is an easy-to-use tool with a graphical interface that allows both scoring of miRNA reliability and browsing of supporting evidence by manual curators.

Results
Given a list of miRNA candidates, MirCure evaluates a number of miRNA-specific features based on gene expression, biogenesis and conservation data, and generates a score that can be used to discard poorly supported miRNA annotations. MirCure can also curate and adjust the annotation of the 5p and 3p arms based on user-provided small RNA-seq data. We evaluated MirCure on a set of manually curated animal and plant miRNAs and demonstrated great accuracy. Moreover, we show that MirCure can be used to revisit previous bona fide miRNAs annotations to improve miRNA databases.

Availability and implementation
The MirCure software and all the additional scripts used in this project are publicly available at https://github.com/ConesaLab/MirCure. A Docker image of MirCure is available at https://hub.docker.com/r/conesalab/mircure.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A brief history of research incampo rupestre: identifying research priorities and revisiting the geographical distribution of an ancient, widespread Neotropical biome
Authors: Miola Deise T B , Ramos Vladimir D V , Silveira Fernando A O 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFew ecologists and evolutionary biologists are familiar with the ecology and evolution of the campo rupestre, an ancient azonal peinobiome characterized by a fire-prone, nutrient-impoverished, montane vegetation mosaic, home to thousands of endemics and climate refugia. With the goal of providing a synthetic view of the campo rupestre, we provide a brief historical account of the biological research, revisit its geographical distribution and identify knowledge gaps. The azonal campo rupestre is distributed as isolated and naturally fragmented sky islands, mostly in Central and Eastern Brazil and in the Guyana Shield, with significant areas across the Amazon, Cerrado, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga and Pantanal. Our proposal to elevate campo rupestre to the level of biome is expected to improve communication among scientists and consolidate the use of the term campo rupestre in the ecological and evolutionary literature, as is the case for analogous ecosystems, such as kwongan, fynbos, páramos and tepuis. Based on the identification of knowledge gaps, we propose a research programme comprising ten key topics that can foster our understanding of the ecology and evolution of campo rupestre and, potentially, support conservation strategies.
The Hierarchy-of-Hypotheses Approach: A Synthesis Method for Enhancing Theory Development in Ecology and Evolution
Authors: Heger Tina , Aguilar-Trigueros Carlos A , Bartram Isabelle , Braga Raul Rennó , Dietl Gregory P , Enders Martin , Gibson David J , Gómez-Aparicio Lorena , Gras Pierre , Jax Kurt , Lokatis Sophie , Lortie Christopher J , Mupepele Anne-Christine , Schindler Stefan , Starrfelt Jostein , Synodinos Alexis D , Jeschke Jonathan M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the current era of Big Data, existing synthesis tools such as formal meta-analyses are critical means to handle the deluge of information. However, there is a need for complementary tools that help to (a) organize evidence, (b) organize theory, and (c) closely connect evidence to theory. We present the hierarchy-of-hypotheses (HoH) approach to address these issues. In an HoH, hypotheses are conceptually and visually structured in a hierarchically nested way where the lower branches can be directly connected to empirical results. Used for organizing evidence, this tool allows researchers to conceptually connect empirical results derived through diverse approaches and to reveal under which circumstances hypotheses are applicable. Used for organizing theory, it allows researchers to uncover mechanistic components of hypotheses and previously neglected conceptual connections. In the present article, we offer guidance on how to build an HoH, provide examples from population and evolutionary biology and propose terminological clarifications.
Challenges in Social Policy Making for Psychiatric Disability in India: Lessons and Way Forward for Social Workers
Authors: Jagannathan Aarti , Reddy Shanivaram K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Social workers have been influential policy makers due to their understanding of the sociocultural–political scenario of the state and core social work values of social justice and social change. In India, the engagement of social workers in policy and political change has been restricted due to various internal and external work challenges. The authors in this article present two case studies of challenges faced by social workers in policy making in India. In the first case, the social worker dons the role of a change agent for setting up a social welfare system based on policy practice for persons with psychiatric disability in the rural community. In the second example, the social worker acts as a policy expert who is a catalyst between the service users (of psychiatric disability in urban community) and the state in influencing disability policy making. The lessons learnt and the way forward from the challenges faced in the two case studies are discussed.