bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lepidium meyenii Supplemented Diet Modulates Neurobehavioral and Biochemical Parameters in Mice Fed High-Fat High-Sugar Diet
Authors: Olofinnade Anthony T. , Alawode Abiola , Onaolapo Adejoke Y. , Onaolapo Olakunle J. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Metabolic syndrome has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular
disease, diabetes mellitus, and neurodegenerative disorders. Known side-effects of currently-
available drugs necessitate the search for possibly better treatment options.

Objective:
This study examined the effects of dietary lepidium meyenii (MACA) supplementation
on neurobehaviour, metabolic profile, levels of inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress parameters
in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome.

Methods:
Mice were randomly assigned into 8 groups of ten animals each. Groups consist of standard
diet (SD) control, high fat/high sugar (HFHS) control and three groups each of lepidium
meyenii incorporated into either SD or HFHS diet at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4%. Mice were fed for seven
weeks, and body weight was measured weekly. Open-field behaviors and radial-arm/Y-maze spatial
memory were scored at the end of the study. Twenty-four hours after the last behavioral test,
fasting blood glucose levels were estimated. Animals were then euthanized, and blood was drawn
for estimation of serum lipid profile. Whole brains were excised, weighed and homogenized to estimate
the levels of lipid peroxidation, inflammatory markers, antioxidant status, and acetylcholinesterase
activity.

Results:
MACA-supplemented diet was associated with a decrease in body weight gain, an increase
in food intake (at lower concentrations), suppression of grooming behavior, and decrease in
acetylcholinesterase activity. MACA-supplement also reversed HFHS-induced memory impairment,
anxiety, hyperglycaemia, lipid derangement, oxidative stress, and derangement of inflammatory
markers.

Conclusion:
Dietary supplementation with MACA shows beneficial effects in mitigating the effects
of metabolic syndrome on the brain in mice.
Novel Structural Design of a Bicycle Saddle to Fulfill Cyclist Physiological Requirements
Authors: Chen Wei-Long , Chao Fang-Lin 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The perineum area that interacts with the saddle is vulnerable; compressing
neurovascular tissues has been asserted as the link to pathologies. Existing saddle designs are
mainly based on the hole blocks, which are composed of two materials. These composite combined
structures increase manufacturing difficulty.

Objective:
The injection molding technology is suitable for mass production. We proposed a saddle
design to meet the ergonomic requirements of cyclists. Saddle frames present a continuous curvature
geometry to ensure improved injection modeling.

Methods:
Static numerical calculations and measurements were employed for vertical load evaluations
with different stiffness regions acquired using perforated chain patterns. Two-step plastic injection
molding was utilized with proper bonding and processing compatibility. In prototyping, the
first and second shots are PC and TPE, respectively.

Results:
The frame sustains vertical loadings from bending and provides adequate stiffness and
proper flexibility. The computer-aided design mold increases the contact area, and annular grooves
increase the adhesion between two materials. The outer frame exhibits high rigidity; the middle area
exhibits flexibility and high deformation.

Conclusion:
This question is widely noticed and various answers have been proposed. By investigating
the patent database and searching journal papers on saddle designs, the authors confirmed
the novelty of the proposed structure.
Mycotoxin Exposure and Autism: A Systematic Review of the Molecular Mechanism
Authors: Serkan Yılmaz , Beyazit Utku , Ayhan Aynur B. 
Published: August 2020

Background and objective:
Exposure to mycotoxins may delay and/or negatively influence
the development of neurological, gastrointestinal and inflammatory mechanisms in individuals
with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Therefore, there is a need to address the possible links
between mycotoxins and the risk and prevalence of ASD to increase the understanding of the
molecular mechanism underlying these links. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate
the molecular mechanism underpinning mycotoxin exposure and autism.

Methods:
The study was based on a systematic approach which focused on the possible associations between mycotoxins and ASD in addition to the role of the mycotoxins on the risk and prevalence of ASD. The systematic review included all molecular mechanism studies examining mycotoxin exposure and autism, and was not limited to a specific period of time. A search was performed on the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.

Results:
The investigation of the literature revealed that a total number of 11 studies with a specific
focus on the molecular mechanism of mycotoxin exposure and autism were published between
2008 and 2019. Out of these studies, 7 were research articles and 4 were review articles. In almost
all the articles, possible links between mycotoxins and ASD were revealed.

Conclusion:
The examination of the given studies provided data related to the links between mycotoxins and ASD. However, evidence related to these links needs to be investigated in larger samples, while the effects of separate mycotoxins and their metabolisms should also be examined.
Development of a Scar Removal Ointment Containing Natural Active Ingredients
Authors: Benahmed-Djilali Adiba , Benseddik Abdelouahab , Hacen Katia , Boulahlib Mohamed , Allaf Karim , Nabiev Mohamed , Issad Mourad 
Published: August 2020

Aims:
The present study aimed to evaluate the healing effect of five new dermal ointments
made with natural ingredients, derived from the Ficus microcarpa fruit, Pulicaria odora L.
leaf powder, vaseline, lanolin, and sweet almond oil on thermal burns of New Zealand rabbits.

Background:
Many natural ingredients are used as alternatives in topical burn wound treatments.
However, the effectiveness of an ointment is primarily assessed on the basis of the healing time.
The latter depends on the synergetic effect resulting from the interaction of its different constituents.
Hence there is the need to explore different formulations to find the most optimal one.

Objectives:
1/ To evaluate some biochemical compositions, biological properties, and functional
quality of F. microcarpa fruit and P. odora L. leaf powder., 2/ To identify the best combination between
the F. microcarpa fruit, P. odora L. leaf powder, vaseline, lanolin, and sweet almond oil to
obtain an ointment with high healing quality.

Method:
Ten (10) New Zealand rabbits (5 males and 5 females) received two thermal burns
caused by a hot cylindrical metal on their backs. Each rabbit was treated immediately thereafter
with one of the elaborated ointments and with a commercial skin ointment Madecassol (reference).
All the ointments were applied topically every other day until a complete epithelialization takes
place. Evaluation of the healing process was based on the healing time and diameter narrowing calculated
every seven days.

Results:
The obtained results show that all the developed ointments used in the experiments lead to
total recovery with fur growth. However, the healing time varies from one formula to another.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that the combination of the natural active ingredients used in this
study promotes burn wound healing in the rabbit’s model.
Fractional Dynamic Sliding Mode Control for Uncertain Chaotic Systems Applied to a Chaotic Robot Arm Under Dynamic Load
Authors: P. Sara Gholipour , Minagar Sara , Kazemitabar Javad , Alizadeh Mobin 
Published: August 2020

Background:A novel type of control strategy is presented for the control of chaotic systems, particularly a chaotic robot in joint and workspace, which is the result of applying fractional calculus to dynamic sliding mode control.Objectives:To guarantee the sliding mode condition, a control law is introduced based on the Lyapunov stability theory.Methods:A control scheme is proposed for reducing the chattering problem in finite time tracking and robust in the presence of system matched disturbances.Results:Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the chaotic robot are all proven to be viable thru simulations.Conclusion:In addition, all of the chaotic robot’s qualitative and quantitative characteristics have been investigated. Numerical simulations indicate the viability of our control method.
Fuzzy and Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control of Vehicle Active Steering System
Authors: Qi Gengxin , Fan Xiaobin , Zhao Zixiang 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The safety of vehicles has been valued throughout the world, whether it is now
or in the future, the automobile safety issue is the hotspot and focus of the research by experts and
scholars both at home and abroad. The continuous increase of car ownership not only brings convenience
to people's lives, but it also poses a threat to people's lives and security of the property.

Objective:
Vehicle active safety system is the hotspot of current research and development as it plays
an important role in automobile safety. Through the analysis of patents and references, we aim to understand
the development of an active steering system. In order to improve the development efficiency
of the active steering system, the paper proposes a feedback control method of the front-wheel angle.

Methods:
Based on yaw velocity and center of a mass side angle, the Active Front Steering (AFS)
model is established respectively by fuzzy control and sliding mode control under the establishment of
seven degrees of freedom vehicle dynamics model and the Dugoff tire model.

Results:
The simulation results show that both the control algorithm of sliding mode control and fuzzy
control can improve the handling stability of vehicle steering on high adhesion coefficient road surface.
On the low adhesion coefficient road, the control effect of slide mode control is more ideal while fuzzy
control caused larger oversteer.

Conclusion:
The simulation results show that the control effect of sliding mode is superior to fuzzy control.
FACT Controllers and their Optimal Location: An Extensive Review
Authors: Agrawal Hanuman P. , Bansal Hariom 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The power industry has been evolving continuously and influenced by a
competitive deregulated market. The crucial demand to maximize the efficiency of the existing
equipment requires it’s proper management. Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) are flexible
devices, which provide dynamic control over the power system to cope with its dynamic nature.

Methods:
An extensive review is carried out on FACT devices covering its classification, importance,
optimal placement and influence on the power systems.

Results:
In this paper, different techniques to identify the optimal location of placing FACT devices
have been discussed and compared, as the placement of these devices in the power system is of utmost
importance for its efficiency.

Conclusion:
This paper summarizes techniques available for optimal placement of FACTS devices
in order to improve power system performance. It will serve as a ready reference for the future researchers
in this field and help them in selecting the proper devices to carry out their work.
MAGIC-I as an Assistance for the Visually Impaired People
Authors: Pandey Kavita , Yadav Vatsalya , Pandey Dhiraj , Vikhram Shriya 
Published: August 2020

Background:
According to the WHO report, around 4.07% of the world's population is visually impaired.
About 90% of the visually impaired users live in the lower economic strata. In the fast moving technology, most of the
invention misses the need of these people. Mainly the technologies were designed for mainstream people; visually
impaired people always find an inability to access it. This inability arises primarily for reasons such as cost, for example,
Perkins Brailler costs 80-248 dollars for the simple purpose of Braille input. Another major reason is the hassle of
carrying the big equipment.

Objective:
Keeping all this in mind and making technology as their best friends, MAGIC-1 has been designed. The goal
is to provide a solution in terms of an application, which helps the visually impaired user in their daily life activities.

Method:
The proposed solution assists visually impaired users through smart phone technology. If visually impaired users
ever wished to have a touched guide into a smart phone, MAGIC-1 has the solution that consolidates all the important
features in their daily activities.

Results:
The performance of the solution as a whole and its individual features in terms of usability, utility and other
metrics, etc. has been tested with sample visually impaired users. Moreover, their performances in term of Errors per
Word and Words per Minute have been observed.

Conclusion:
MAGIC-I, the proposed solution works as an assistant of visually impaired users to overcome their daily
struggles and stay more connected to the world. A visually impaired user can communicate via their mobile devices with
features like eyes free texting using braille, voice calling etc. They can easily take help in an emergency situation with the
options of SOS emergency calling and video assistance.
Motion-Based Technology for People With Dementia Training at Home: Three-Phase Pilot Study Assessing Feasibility and Efficacy
Authors: Petersen Jindong Ding , Larsen Eva Ladekjær , la Cour Karen , von Bülow Cecilie , Skouboe Malene , Christensen Jeanette Reffstrup , Waldorff Frans Boch 
Published: August 2020

Background
Persons with dementia tend to be vulnerable to mobility challenges and hence face a greater risk of fall and subsequent fractures, morbidity, and mortality. Motion-based technologies (MBTs), also called sensor-based technologies or virtual reality, have the potential for assisting physical exercise and training as a part of a disease management and rehabilitation program, but little is known about its' use for people with dementia.

Objective
The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of MBT physical training at home for people with dementia.

Methods
A 3-phase pilot study: (1) baseline start-up, (2) 15 weeks of group training at a local care center twice a week, and (3) 12 weeks of group training reduced to once a week, supplemented with individual MBT training twice a week at home. A total of 26 people with dementia from a municipality in Southern Denmark were eligible and agreed to participate in this study. Three withdrew from the study, leaving 23 participants for the final analysis. Feasibility was measured by the percentage of participants who trained with MBT at home, and their completion rate of total scheduled MBT sessions. Efficacy was evaluated by physical function, measured by Sit-to-Stand (STS), Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG), 6-minute Walk Test (6MW), and 10-meter Dual-task Walking Test (10MDW); cognitive function was measured by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire (NPI-Q); and European Quality of Life 5 dimensions questionnaire (EQOL5) was used for measuring quality of life. Descriptive statistics were applied accordingly. Wilcoxon signed-rank and rank-sum tests were applied to explore significant differences within and between the groups.

Results
As much as 12 of 23 participants (52%) used the supplemental MBT training at home. Among them, 6 (50%) completed 75% or more scheduled sessions, 3 completed 25% or less, and 3 completed between 25% and 75% of scheduled sessions. For physical and cognitive function tests, supplementing with MBT training at home showed a tendency of overall stabilization of scores among the group of participants who actively trained with MBT; especially, the 10MDW test even showed a significant improvement from 9.2 to 7.1 seconds (P=.03). We found no positive effect on EQOL5 tests.

Conclusions
More than half of the study population with dementia used MBT training at home, and among them, half had an overall high adherence to the home training activity. Physical function tended to remain stable or even improved among high-adherence MBT individuals. We conclude that MBT training at home may be feasible for some individuals with dementia. Further research is warranted.
Multimodalidade e leitura crítica de imagens: análise de livros didáticos de línguas estrangeiras
Authors: Santos Francisco Roberto Da Silva , Mendes Wellington Vieira 
Published: August 2020

Pesquisas atuais em Linguística Aplicada mostram que o ensino da leitura não pode prescindir de uma reflexão sobre os letramentos visual e crítico, o que requer que os cursos de formação de professores adotem um currículo que enfatize isso. Nesse contexto, lançamos o olhar sobre as lições de leitura propostas pelo livro didático adotado nas aulas de inglês e espanhol de dois cursos de graduação em Letras. Fundamentados em Cazden et al. (1996), Kress e Van Leeuwen (2006), entre outros, empregamos uma análise qualitativa e interpretativa da abordagem didática recebida pelas imagens que compõem as lições de duas coleções de livros didáticos, a saber, Interchange Fourth Edition (2013) e Nuevo Ven (2003). São analisados os exercícios de leitura propostos assim como as orientações didáticas apresentadas pelo livro do professor. Os resultados mostram que, apesar do potencial semiótico e ideológico das imagens presentes nos livros didáticos, 57% das lições investigadas exercem uma abordagem nula de elementos visuais, 34% realizam uma abordagem meramente exploratória; 9% empregam uma abordagem descritivo-analítica e 0% aplicam uma abordagem crítico-reflexiva. De modo a suplantar essa fragilidade, nosso estudo apresenta propostas para exercícios adicionais baseados em uma abordagem crítica e reflexiva de imagens e textos multimodais. Buscamos, assim, colaborar para a promoção da pedagogia dos multiletramentos em cursos de formação de professores de línguas.
Análisis acuerdo de Libre Comercio Colombia - Unión Europea: Sector minero - energético 2012-2018
Authors: León – Castillo María Fernanda , Pongutá - Santos Santiago 
Published: August 2020

Este documento desarrolla un análisis descriptivo del Tratado de Libre Comercio suscrito entre Colombia y la Unión Europea, enfocándose en el sector minero energético que representa aproximadamente el 70% de la comercialización entre las partes. Esto, se debe a la creciente tendencia de los países hacia la expansión y apertura de sus economías, siendo este acuerdo uno de los más importantes componentes de la agenda comercial de Colombia y al ser la Unión Europea el segundo socio comercial del territorio colombiano, representando un 14,7% del comercio exterior en el país, enmarcado a su vez por unas exportaciones principalmente de productos minero-energéticos. El mismo es consistente con el proceso de gradual inserción internacional de Colombia en las corrientes internacionales de comercio e inversión y constituye un aporte fundamental para complementar el mercado nacional con las oportunidades que genera un comercio con 500 millones de consumidores, analizando si efectivamente la implementación del acuerdo ha favorecido o no el proceso gradual de inserción y exportación de Colombia.
The Museum Istiqlal The Case of an Indonesian Islamic Museum
Authors: Zilberg Jonathan 
Published: August 2020

This article describes the conflicted genesis of the Museum Istiqlal, the history ofÂ the creation of the collection, and the state of the institution relative to other Indonesian museums. It emphasizes bothÂ positive developments underway and the historical problems facing the institution. Above all, it focuses on the role the museum was originally intended to serve for the Indonesian Muslim public sphere and the significant potential the museum has to better serve that mission in the national and international sphere. In short, the article emphasizes that in the context of the Government of Indonesiaâ€™s current four year plan to revive the museum sector, the problems and opportunities presented at the Museum Istiqlal are symptomatic of endemic national challenges for both the museum and the education sector.
A Shift Toward a Plant-Centered Diet From Young to Middle Adulthood and Subsequent Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Weight Gain: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Authors: Choi Yuni , Larson Nicole , Gallaher Daniel D. , Odegaard Andrew O. , Rana Jamal S. , Shikany James M. , Steffen Lyn M. , Jacobs David R. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE
To examine the associations between change in plant-centered diet quality and type 2 diabetes risk and change in body size.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A prospective study conducted in the U.S. enrolled adults ages 18–30 years in 1985–1986 (examination year [Y0]) and followed them through 2015–2016. We analyzed the associations between change in plant-centered diet quality over 20 years (Y0–Y20) and diabetes (Y20–30; n = 2,534) and change (Y0–Y20 and Y20–30) in BMI, waist circumference (WC), and weight (n &gt; 2,434). Plant-centered diet quality was measured using the A Priori Diet Quality Score (APDQS); a higher score favors nutritionally rich plant foods. Cox regression models were used to assess diabetes risk, and linear regression models were used to examine change in body size.

RESULTS
During a mean follow-up of 9.3 (± 1.7) years, 206 case subjects with incident diabetes were observed. In multivariable analysis, participants with the largest increase in APDQS over 20 years had a 48% (95% CI 0.31–0.85; Ptrend &lt; 0.001) lower risk of diabetes over the subsequent 10 years compared with participants whose score remained stable. Each 1-SD increment in APDQS over 20 years was associated with lower gains in BMI (−0.39 kg/m2; SE 0.14; P = 0.004), WC (−0.90 cm; SE 0.27; P &lt; 0.001) and weight (−1.14 kg; SE 0.33; P &lt; 0.001) during the same period, but not with subsequent changes.

CONCLUSIONS
Young adults who increased plant-centered diet quality had a lower diabetes risk and gained less weight by middle adulthood.
PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL TARIAN BUMI KARYA OKA RUSMINI
Authors: Yanti Mira Febri , Hayati Yenni , Zulfadhli Zulfadhli 
Published: August 2020

This study aimed to describe the role of women in the novel Tarian Bumi works Oka Rusmini especially regarding the role of women in family and society. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive method that is verbally describing the problems found in the object of research, the theory used, data analysis, and so on. To examine how the role of women in family and society in the novel, this research is performed the the following steps: (1) analyzing the data by identifying the parts relating to the role of women in the family and society. (2) classify data relating to women’s roles. (3) interpret data. (4) make conclusions and compile research reports. Based on data analysis, it was concluded that the role of women in the novel Tarian Bumi by Oka Rusmini is as follows. (1) the role of women in the family in the Tarian Bumi novel by Oka Rusmini of: (a) the role of women as children (b) the role of women as mothers (c) the role of women as wives. (2) the role of women in societyKeywords: Gender roles, family and society