bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial modeling of conflict vulnerability of Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) with humans in Besitang
Authors: Sulistiyono N , Iqbal M , Patana P , Purwoko A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
High human activity around and in the forest is one of the causes of damage to Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) habitat in the forest landscape of Besitang. Deforestation and degradation have caused forest fragmentation so that Sumatran elephant habitat becomes narrow. As a result, Sumatran elephants look for a new space outside their natural habitat such as agricultural land and plantations owned by communities around the forest. The conflict between Sumatran elephants and humans cannot be avoided. The objective of this study was to get information about the vulnerability distribution of Sumatran elephant conflict with humans based on the influenced factors in Besitang. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method was used to select and weight the factors that are thought to influence the distribution of Sumatran elephant conflict with humans. Overlay analysis of the factors that influence the conflicts distribution between Sumatran elephants and humans was done using Geographic Information System (GIS). The results of the study showed that the vulnerability of human-elephant conflict could be divided into three classes, namely the highly vulnerable areas of conflict which are 43,981.11 ha (26.99%), medium vulnerable areas which are 41,632.74 ha (25.56%) and not vulnerable areas which are 77,291.73 ha (47.45%). The results of the model validation test showed a value of 87.5%.
Estimation of forest degradation distribution using landsat sattelite imagery in Besitang forest landscape
Authors: Sulistiyono N , Nifrody T , Patana P , Susilowati A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sumatra rain forest is a hot spot for flora and fauna biodiversity in the world and also habitat for many endangered species. Of the mammal species, four key species were found here those were Sumatran Tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae), Sumatran Elephant (Elephas maximus sumatrensis), Orangutan (Pongo abelii) and Sumatran Rhino (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis). Forest degradation has been a global phenomenon and while being an important indicator to further forest loss, decreasing habitat quality of wild animal and species extinction. Besitang Forest is the habitats for three key mammal species in North Sumatra. Forest conversion, forest disturbance, and human activities in this site threaten the existence of this species. The objective of this research was to determine the spatial model of forest canopy cover and spatial distribution of forest degradation in Besitang Forest in period 2008 - 2016. Forest canopy cover value was estimated through Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) value from satellite Landsat imagery using the regression model. Forest degradation was measured by comparing the spatial distribution of forest canopy cover in 2008 and forest canopy cover in 2016. The result showed that NDVI approaches could estimate the forest canopy cover with R2 value 79.0. Forest degradation in Besitang landscape was classified into high (527.85 ha), medium (9,763.83 ha) and low (28,898.73 ha).
The description and documentation of the Karonese semantics
Authors: Ginting R , Sembiring S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The research, recording, and documentation of Karonese Semantics are an attempt to re-identify the types of word meaning, meaning relation, meaning change and meaning of names in Karonese. The semantics of Karo language is a type of communication that reflects the cultural values of the region and is a part of the national culture. Therefore, research in Karonese semantics needs to be done in an attempt to recapture information as clear as possible about the types, relationships, and changes in the meaning and the meaning of names in Karonese. Semantics, which is a science of meanings of words, helps to answer it. To get research data in the form of descriptive qualitative, we applied an observation method with the technique of involvement and communication, a method of an interview with the recording and noting down technique, and a method of documentation with noting down technique. The results are presented in narrative form. The theory used in this research was the semantics theory with structural analysis.
Utilization of surface meteorological data, Himawari-8 satellite data, and radar data to analyze landspout in Sumenep, East Java, Indonesia (case study of 20 November 2017)
Authors: Yudistira R D , Mahubessy R , Krisnawan G D , Wisnawa G G , Tirtanegara I M K , Fadlan A , Wardoyo E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
One of the extreme weather that happened in Indonesia is landspout. Landspout is virtually a tornado that forms from a thunderstorm that is not a supercell. On November 20, 2017 at 08.00 UTC there was a landspout in the village of Kertasada, Kalianget District, Sumenep Regency of Madura, East Java, Indonesia which caused damage to dozens of houses and many shops and warehouses. The study was done to determine the differences condition of the atmosphere before, during, and after the phenomenon based on synoptic analysis, atmospheric instability analysis, satellite image analysis, and radar image analysis. The results of the synoptic analysis of two weather parameters, pressure and temperature, also supported the occurrence of landspout phenomenon. Pressure and air temperature for two days before the occurrence of the landspout had a relatively similar pattern, but the average pressure appeared higher on the day of the incident. Temperature patterns showed a decrease from one hour before the incident, which was 3.2°C. The surface wind analysis showed wind speed during the day of the incident was higher than the previous two days, with a difference of 6 m s-1. The analysis of atmospheric instability when the incidence of the Lifted-Index (LI) values indicates the ‘unstable atmosphere and possible thunderstorm criteria. K-Index (KI) shows the possible to become moderate convetive’ The total index (TT) showed a stronger convective, local lightning potential and a value were higher than the previous two days. Severe Weather Threat Index (SWEAT) showed the potential of lightweight thunderstorm with greater instability value than the previous day while the Convective Avalilable Potential Energy (CAPE) index showed a large and potentially stormy energy. Then, in this research used Himawari-8 satellite and Radar C-band to detected convective clouds. According to Satellite Animation and Interactive Diagnosis (SATAID) satellite data, there is a Cumulonimbus (cb) cloud clump in the Sumenep region of Madura, which is meant to be potentially a landspout.
Moisture content, color quantification and starch content of oil palm trunk (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Authors: Bahanawan A , Kusumah S S , Darmawan T , Ismadi  , Masruchin N , Sudarmanto  , Jayadi  , Pramasari D A , Triwibowo D , Kusumaningrum W B , Wibowo E S , Syamani F A , Krishanti N P R A , Lestari E , Amin Y , Sufiandi S , Syahrir A , Dwianto W 
Published: November 2019

AbstractResearch and utilization of oil palm trunk (Elaeis guineensisJacq.) have not been widely carried out. Knowledge the characteristics of oil palm trunk (OPT) as part of understanding this type for reference to further development. The aim of its study was (1) to determine the value of moisture content (MC) in fresh condition after cutting, (2) to quantify the color value (E), (3) to quantify the color change value (ΔE) in transverse and longitudinal cross-section and (4) to measure the percentage of starch content (SC). Results showed that MC for base (B), middle (M), up (U) and their average were 339.68%; 444.82%; 323.24% and 369.25% respectively. E value consisted of 4 parameters, namely FT (fresh-transversal), FL (fresh-longitudinal), OT (ovendry-transversal), and OL (ovendry-longitudinal). ΔE consisted of two parameters, namely ΔET (ΔE-transversal) and ΔEL (ΔE-longitudinal). Average E values for FT, FL, OT and OL were 87.61; 88.70; 78.01 and 79.34 respectively. Average values for ΔET and ΔEL were 10.73 and 9.33, respectively. SC was 0.047% from 1114 kg of oil palm trunk’s total weight.
Genetic diversity of Mindi (Melia Spp.) and its implications on the development of seed source for community forests
Authors: Rambey R , Susilowati A , Siregar I Z , Wijayanto N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Melia Spp. is known as fast-growing tree species and commonly cultivated in community forest and agriculture land due to its valuable wood. This species was widely distributed in some agroforestry systems, especially in Selaawi village, Garut, West Java. Based on the farmer information, two species mindi were found in this location; they were small and big seed mindi. The research aimed to get information on mindi diversity in Selaawi village and the opportunity for seed source development. For this purpose, microsatellites was used. Fourty leave samples were collected from parent tree owned by a farmer in Selaawi village. Three microsatellites markers (Ai_5, Ai_34 and Ai_48) developed for Azadirahta indica were used as transferability of PCR amplification. The result showed that genetic diversity value (He) of mindi in this location was high and ranged from 0,379 – 0,439. Big seed mindi has higher diversity than the small one. It indicates that this species is prospective to be developed as target species for the community forest. It is also potential to develop mindi in this location as seed source due to its high variability.
Anatomical observation and characterization on basic properties of Agarwood (Gaharu) as an Appendix II CITES
Authors: Dwianto W , Kusumah S S , Darmawan T , Amin Y , Bahanawan A , Pramasari D A , Lestari E , Himmi S K , Hermiati E , Fatriasari W , Laksana R P B , Damayanti R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
High demand for Agarwood (Gaharu) from natural forest causes the decreasing of their population. In 2004, Indonesia proposed that all natural Agarwood from Gyrinops and Aquilaria generas should be included in the Appendix II CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) list, which could be internationally traded but in certain quota. This paper deals with anatomical observation and characterization on basic properties to find out the difference between Gyrinops and Aquilaria for classification and standardization. Explorations have been conducted at community forests in Flores, East Nusa Tenggara for Gyrinops versteegii (Gilg) Domke; while A. malaccensis Benth., A. microcarpa Baill., A. beccariana Tiegh., and Aquilaria sp. were extracted from Sangau and Ketapang Regencies, West Kalimantan. Wood samples were taken by drilling the trees stem by using a Drill tool to get a pencil-shaped sample of about 20 cm in length and 0.5 cm in diameter. Another sample in form of chips contain bark and wood were also extracted. The results showed that the average specific gravity of Gyrinops and Aquilaria was between 0.31 – 0.35, therefore it was included in the Strength Class IV. Chemical components of injured G. versteegii contained 50.74% holocelullose, 30.50% α-cellulose, 31.98% lignin, and 16.69% extractives. The composition of ray cells in G. versteegii was more complex than Aquilaria generas.
Study on the existence and characteristics of Sonokeling (Dalbergia latifolia Roxb) as an Appendix II CITES Wood
Authors: Dwianto W , Bahanawan A , Kusumah S S , Darmawan T , Amin Y , Pramasari D A , Lestari E , Akbar F , Sudarmanto  
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sonokeling (Dalbergia latifolia Roxb) stands are widely lost throughout the world. Sonokeling is currently classified as an Appendix II CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) wood. Therefore, a study on the existence and characteristics of Sonokeling were expected to contribute in providing population data and basic properties of the wood. Exploration was conducted in Plot No. 25, KPH (Forest Management Unit) Gundih, Perum Perhutani Cepu, Central Java. Sonokeling stands have been planted since 1975 (more than 40 years-old) in an area of 54.20 ha, which was not productive for Teak and mixed with Mahogany. Sample was taken from upper part of stem with around 30 cm in diameter and 30 cm in length. The sample was further cutted into 2 x 2 x 2 cm for physical, 30 x 2 x 2 cm for Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR), and 4 x 2 x 2 cm for Compression Strength Parallel to the Grain (CSPG) tests. The results showed that specific gravity of sapwood dan heartwood were 0.79 and 0.82, respectively. The average values of MOE, MOR, and CSPG were 117,722, 1122.19, and 1022.93 kgf/cm2, respectively. Therefore, Sonokeling can be classified into Strength Class II.
Organic shallot cultivation by using siam weed compost combined with biocontrol agent of avirulent Fusarium Oxysporum F.Sp. cepae
Authors: Nugroho B , Mildaryani W , Dewi S H C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Increasing production cost of conventional shallot cultivation has promoted organic shallot production to develop by using natural resource potential such as siam weed that can found everywhere in Indonesia. This research was done to determine the best combination of siam weed compost and biocontrol agent of avirulent Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae for organic shallot cultivation. Shallot was cultivated by applying various combination of siam weed compost and the biocontrol agent with inorganic fertilizer application of Mutiara 16-16-16 as the control. The combination were 20 ton/ha of siam weed compost combined with 36.8 kg/ha of the biocontrol agent, 20 ton/ha of siam weed compost combined with 73.6 kg/ha of the biocontrol agent, 10 ton/ha of siam weed compost combined with 36,8 kg/ha of the biocontrol agent, and 10 kg/ha siam weed compost combined with 73.6 kg of the biocontrol agent. The results showed that shallot cultivation using siam weed compost combined with the biocontrol agent gave better growth and increased the shallot yield by 26% compared to the use of inorganic fertilizer of Mutiara 16-16-16.
Proximate and Amino Acids Composition of Powdered Over Fermented Mlanding Tempeh
Authors: Ishartani D , Istiqomah N A , Nurisiwi A , Sari A M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Over fermented Mlanding tempeh is widely used by people in southern Java, Indonesia as main ingredient and seasoning due its umami taste. However, this kind of tempeh is very perishable. Alternatively, drying was conducted to prolong the shelf life of the over fermented Mlanding tempeh. This research aimed to investigate drying temperature effect on over fermented Mlanding tempeh powder proximate and amino acids composition. Mlanding tempeh was over fermented for 60 hours, dried at three different temperature (55, 60, 65°C), powdered and analyzed. The result shows drying temperature affect moisture content of the powder but not affect ash, lipid, total N, and dissolved protein content. Drying at 60 and 65°C produce powder with moisture content below 12%. The main amino acids in powdered over fermented Mlanding tempeh are glutamic and aspartic acid which are the highest in powder dried at 60°C.
The study of Apple flour formulation for functional cookies
Authors: Ishartati E , Sukardi S , Roeswitawati D , Zakia A , Ulfah U 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine apple flour as a source of functional flour in various cookie formulas. Apple flour is applied as a substitute for flour in making cookies. The design used was a nested design [Nested Analisys], with two groups of apple varieties and three levels of formula adding apple flour which was nested in each variety, and repeated four times. Grouping is based on varieties, namely A = Anna and M = Manalagi, and the formula for adding apple flour to cookies is F0: 0%; F20: 20%, F25: 75%, and F30: 30%. In the formula of cookies, an analysis of chemical characteristics (water, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and antioxidants), physical characteristics and sensory characteristics is carried out. This study proves that apple flour can be substituted into formula cookies. In general, apple flour cookies have more brown color, distinctive flavor and aroma of apples, and lower crispness than cookies in general. The substitution level that produces the best quality and can be accepted by the panelists is 25% and 30% Manalagi apple flour. The use of higher flour levels has more fiber content, so it can reduce the crispness of cookies. Substitution of apple flour decreases protein and fat content, on the contrary, increases water content, ash content, dietary fiber content, carbohydrate levels and antioxidant activity of cookies. The most preferred product by panelists is the level of substitution of Manalagi apple flour 25% and 30%.
Methods for classically simulating noisy networked quantum architectures
Authors: Vankov Iskren , Mills Daniel , Wallden Petros , Kashefi Elham 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As research on building scalable quantum computers advances, it is important to be able to certify their correctness. Due to the exponential hardness of classically simulating quantum computation, straight-forward verification through classical simulation fails. However, we can classically simulate small scale quantum computations and hence we are able to test that devices behave as expected in this domain. This constitutes the first step towards obtaining confidence in the anticipated quantum-advantage when we extend to scales that can no longer be simulated. Realistic devices have restrictions due to their architecture and limitations due to physical imperfections and noise. Here we extend the usual ideal simulations by considering those effects. We provide a general methodology for constructing realistic simulations emulating the physical system which will both provide a benchmark for realistic devices, and guide experimental research in the quest for quantum-advantage. We exemplify our methodology by simulating a networked architecture and corresponding noise-model; in particular that of the device developed in the Networked Quantum Information Technologies Hub (NQIT) (Networked Quantum Information Technologies Hub 2018 https://nqit.ox.ac.uk/; 2016 private communication. The error model was based on communication with Chris Balance and Tom Harty, mediated through Niel de Beaudrap, early on the NQIT project. Continued collaboration and communication with experimentalists could lead in refinement of the error model, which could be subject for future work.). For our simulations we use, with suitable modification, the classical simulator of Bravyi and Gosset 2016 (Phys. Rev. Lett.
116 250501). The specific problems considered belong to the class of instantaneous quantum polynomial-time (IQP) problems (Shepherd and Bremner 2009 Proc. R. Soc. A 465 141339), a class believed to be hard for classical computing devices, and to be a promising candidate for the first demonstration of quantum-advantage. We first consider a subclass of IQP, defined in Bermejo-Vega et al 2018 (Phys. Rev. X 8 021010), involving two-dimensional dynamical quantum simulators, before moving to more general instances of IQP, but which are still restricted to the architecture of NQIT.
Accounting for Blood Pressure Seasonality Alters Evaluation of Practice-Level Blood Pressure Control Intervention
Authors: Gepts Thomas , Nguyen Ann M , Cleland Charles , Wu Winfred , Pham-Singer Hang , Shelley Donna 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Despite the large body of literature evaluating interventions to improve hypertension management, few studies have addressed seasonal variation in blood pressure (BP) control. This underreported phenomenon has implications for interpreting study findings and informing clinical care. We share a methodology that accounts for BP seasonality, presented through a case study—HealthyHearts NYC, an intervention aimed at increasing adherence to the Million Hearts BP control evidence-based guidelines in primary care practices.

METHODS
We used a randomized stepped-wedge design (n = 257 practices). Each intervention included 13 visits from practice facilitators trained in improving practice-level BP control over 12 months. Two models were used to assess the intervention effect—one that did not account for seasonality (model 1) and one that did (model 2). Model 2 was a re-specification of model 1 to include our proposed two fixed-effects terms to address BP seasonality.

RESULTS
Model 1 showed a significant negative association between the intervention and BP control (IRR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.96–0.99, P ≤ 0.05). In contrast, Model 2, which did address seasonality, showed no intervention effect on BP control (IRR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.97–1.01, P = 0.19).

CONCLUSIONS
These findings reveal that analyses that do not account for BP seasonality may not present an accurate picture of intervention effects. In our case study, accounting for BP seasonality turned a negative association into a null association. We recommend that when evaluating BP control, studies compare outcome measures across similar seasons and that the measurement period last long enough to account for seasonal effects.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
Trial registration number: NCT02646488.
Comparison of Measurement Methods for Dermal Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals at the Workplace: The SysDEA Project
Authors: Kasiotis Konstantinos M , Spaan Suzanne , Tsakirakis Angelos N , Franken Remy , Chartzala Ilianna , Anastasiadou Pelagia , Machera Kyriaki , Rother Dag , Roitzsch Michael , Poppek Ulrich , Lucadei Gianna , Baumgärtel Anja , Schlüter Urs , Gerritsen-Ebben Rianda M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is a principal need for more precise methodology with regard to the determination of occupational dermal exposure. The goal of the Systematic analysis of Dermal Exposure to hazardous chemical Agents at the workplace project was therefore to generate scientific knowledge to improve and standardize measurement methods for dermal exposure to chemicals at the workplace. In addition, the comparability of different measurement methods was investigated. Different methods (body sampling by means of coveralls and patches, hand sampling by means of gloves and washing, and head sampling by means of headbands and wiping) were compared. Volunteers repeatedly performed a selection of tasks under standardized conditions in test chambers to increase the reproducibility and decrease variability. The selected tasks were pouring, rolling, spraying, and handling of objects immersed in liquid formulations, as well as dumping and handling objects contaminated with powder. For the chemical analysis, the surrogate test substance Tinopal SWN was analyzed by means of a high-performance liquid chromatographic method using a fluorescence detector. Tinopal SWN was either applied as a solid product in its pure form, or as a low and high viscosity liquid containing Tinopal SWN in dissolved form. To compare the sampling methods with patches and coveralls, the exposure values as measured on the patches were extrapolated to the surface areas of the respective parts of the coverall. Based on this extrapolation approach, using the patch method resulted in somewhat higher exposure values compared to using a coverall for all exposure situations, but the differences were only statistically significant in case of the liquid exposure situations. Using gloves resulted in significantly higher exposure values compared to hand wash for handling immersed objects, rolling, and handling contaminated objects, and slightly higher (not significant) exposure values during pouring and spraying. In the same context, applying wipe sampling resulted in higher exposure values than using a headband, which was at least partly due to extrapolation of the wipe results to the surface area of the headband. No ‘golden standard’ with regard to a preferred measurement method for dermal exposure could be identified from the methods as investigated in the current study.