bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amygdalin and magnetic water ameliorate histological changes in liver induced by 1, 2 dimethyl hydrazine
Authors: Farhan Ahmed S. 
Published: July 2020

This study aimed at evaluating the ameliorative effect of amygdalin and magnetic water on 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced toxic damage in tissues and oxidative stress in rat liver. Seven groups of ten rats each were selected for the study. Group I animals were treated as control. Group II rats received 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (20 mg/kg body weight) injections subcutaneously once a week for 16 consecutive weeks and then kept without any treatment untill the end of the experimental period. Group III rats received amygdalin (20 mg/100 mg) daily via Oro-gastric tube. Groups IV rats were given magnetic water freely. Group V rats were given 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine + amygdalin. Group VI rat were given 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine + magnetic water Group VII rats were given 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine + amygdalin + magnetic water. Liver histological changes were studied. Degenerative changes were observed in different areas of liver tissue in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine group, and these changes include: Fibrosis with the appearance of cell necrosis, hemorrhage, fatty infiltration and pleomorphic nuclei. While other groups showed normal appearance of the hepatic cells but some changes were observed in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine + amygdalin + magnetic water group include: Fibrosis with the appearance of cell necrosis, hemorrhage, fatty infiltration and pleomorphic nuclei but changes in this group were less than in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine group. In conclusion, the present results suggest that the amygdalin and magnetic water have the potential to ameliorate carcinogen 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced hepatotoxicity by antioxidant and antiinflammation activity.
Effect of using germinated for common vetch seeds Vicia sativa on growth performance of common carp Cyprinus carpio L.
Authors: Mohammad Mahmoud A. 
Published: July 2020

This investigation was carried out to utilize common vetch Vicia sativa in formulating diets for 84 common carp Cyprinus carpio L. with initial weight 28±2g/fish were distributed randomly over seven experimental diets with three replications for each. The fish fed experimental diets for 56 days contained 30% and 45% of common vetch Vicia sativa of total diets which treated with germinated for 5 days (diet 2 and 3), 7 days (diet 4 and 5) and the last diets contained crude vetch (diet 6 and 7). The statistical analysis of data showed that the fish fed at diet 3 was significantly different (P≤0.05) compared to fish fed at another diets in total weight, total weight gain, relative growth rate, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio. It is in conclusion germinated common vetch seed can be successfully used as an inexpensive plant protein source at level of 45% (germinated seed for 5 days) in common carp diets without adverse effect on fish performance.
Evaluation of Cross Protective Efficacy of Commercial Vaccines against Mannheimia haemolytica in Mice
Authors: Ahmed Waffa A. 
Published: July 2020

Mannheimia haemolytica together with Pasteurella multocida represents as a major bacterial causative agent of cattle, sheep and goats respiratory diseases and its one of the most important causes for economic losses to these animals .Commercially available vaccines were used to prevent infections caused by P. multocida and M. haemolytica. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the cross protection efficacy of two vaccines to protect mice against M.haemolytica, studying humeral immunity, using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Forty five mice were divided into three equal groups, group one and two were inoculated subcutaneously 4μl\JOVAPAST® and 1μl of Al-kindy vaccines respectively, while the third group was with 0.5 ml sub cutaneous PBS. LD50for M.haemolytica was estimated as 2× 106 cfu \ml and challenge test was conducted by dropping 0.05 ml 2× 106 cfu \ml intranasally after three weeks of immunization for the three groups. The results of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, showed significant increase of antibody titters at (P<0.01) in (group 1 and 2) after first and second weeks post immunization, in comparison with control group. Also, the re-isolation of M.haemolytica from lungs tissue of all groups after challenged were positive with significant difference between control and immunized group, control group was 4× 108 cfu ∕ml which was higher than immunized group one and group two,which were 2.5×104 cfu∕ml and 3,5×105 cfu∕ml respectively after 24 hour of vaccine. In conclusion, the two commercial vaccines showed good cross protection efficacy against M. haemolytica, but JOVAPAST® vaccine showed higher efficacy than Alkindy vaccine, as that it contain two heterologous killed strains and providing the basis for production a vaccine from the two pathogen of local strains.
Rainfall Estimation using Image Processing and Regression Model on DWR Rainfall Product for Delhi-NCR Region
Authors: Srivastava Kuldeep , Nigam Ashish 
Published: July 2020

Observed rainfall is a very essential parameter for the analysis of rainfall, day to day weather forecast and its validation. The observed rainfall data is only available from five observatories of IMD; while no rainfall data is available at various important locations in and around Delhi-NCR. However, the 24-hour rainfall data observed by Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) for entire Delhi and surrounding region (up to 150 km) is readily available in a pictorial form. In this paper, efforts have been made to derive/estimate the rainfall at desired locations using DWR hydrological products. Firstly, the rainfall at desired locations has been estimated from the precipitation accumulation product (PAC) of the DWR using image processing in Python language. After this, a linear regression model using the least square method has been developed in R language. Estimated and observed rainfall data of year 2018 (July, August and September) was used to train the model. After this, the model was tested on rainfall data of year 2019 (July, August and September) and validated.With the use of linear regression model, the error in mean rainfall estimation reduced by 46.58% and the error in max rainfall estimation reduced by 84.53% for the year 2019. The error in mean rainfall estimation reduced by 81.36% and the error in max rainfall estimation reduced by 33.81% for the year 2018. Thus, the rainfall can be estimated with a fair degree of accuracy at desired locations within the range of the Doppler Weather Radar using the radar rainfall products and the developed linear regression model.
Milk Fatty-Acid Profile after Feeding Increasing Doses of a Mixture of Soybean and Linseed Oils to Pasture Dairy Cows
Authors: Antonacci Liliana Elisabet , Gagliostro Gerardo Antonio 
Published: July 2020

The goal was to determine the effect of growing intake of a mixture (75:25) of soybean (SoOi) and linseed (LiOi) oils on milk production and composition and milk fatty-acid (MF-A) profile in grazing dairy cows. Twenty-four Holstein cows were assigned to 4 treatments in a completely randomized design with three weeks of adaptation to oil doses and one week of experimental measurements. On a dry matter (DM) basis, cows were fed pasture (63%), energy concentrate (37%) and the SO-LO oil mixture at zero (Tr0%), 2% (Tr2%), 4% (Tr4%) and 6% (Tr6%) of total DM intake equivalent to 0, 0.36, 0.72 and 1.08 kg/cow/day of the oil mixture. The oil mixture was manually mixed-up to the concentrate (7.04 kg DM cow/day) and supplied by halves during each milking time without refusals. Pasture (P = 0.49) and total DM intakes (P = 0.31) were similar between treatments averaging 11.27 and 18.85 kg DM cow-1 day-1 respectively. Milk output (22.71 kg/cow/day) was not affected (P = 0.46). Milk fat content reduced linearly (P < 0.05) from 3.20 (Tr0%) to 2.67 g 100 g-1 (Tr6%) without effects (P = 0.73) on fat or fat corrected milk (4%FCM) yields. Milk protein concentration (P < 0.56) or yields (P < 0.11 were not affected. Lactose contents tended (P < 0.08) to be higher in oil supplemented cows and milk urea nitrogen was not affected (P = 0.14). The basal (Tr0%) concentration (g /100 g MF-A) of totaly hypercholesterolemic MF-A (C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0) of milk averaged 38.93 and decreased linearly (P < 0.0001) with oil intake to 37.81 (Tr2%), 31.59 (Tr4%) and 29.18 (Tr6%). Levels of elaidic (trans-9 C18:1) and trans-10 C18:1 MF-A resulted low-slung in the basal (Tr0%) milk (0.21 and 0.20 g/100g MF-A, respectively) but increased linearly (P < 0.0001) after oil intake reaching the maximum values at Tr6% (0.73 and 2.23 g/100g MF-A, respectively). Milk concentration (g/100g MF-A) of vaccenic acid (trans-11 C18:1, VA) averaged 3.63 in Tr0% and increased linearly (P < 0.0001) with oil intake reaching 4.97, 7.05 and 8.38 in Tr2%, Tr4% and Tr6%, respectively. Basal concentration of rumenic acid (cis-9. trans-11 C18:2, RA) was 2.28 g/100g MF-A and increased linearly (P < 0.0001) with increased oil dose resulting in maximal plateau in Tr4% (3.88) and Tr6% (3.89). The basal atherogenic index (AI) of milk was 1.87 and linearly decreased (P < 0.01) to 1.64 (Tr2%), 1.18 (Tr4%) and 0.95 (T6%) after oil intake. The basal Ω6/Ω3 ratio (3.57) was no different (P > 0.05) from T2% (3.37) but was upper (P < 0.05) in Tr4% (4.41) and Tr6% (4.63) remaining under the recommended value of 5:1. Taken together the results suggest that feeding a blend (75:25; SoOi:LiOi) of SiOi an LiOi oils at 4% of total DM intake to pasture dairy cows maximize the milk RA content with a concomitant decrease in the hypercholesterolemic MF-A of milk maintaining a beneficial for health Ω6/Ω3 ratio with low levels of the detrimental trans-9 C18:1 and trans-10 C18:1.
Preservative Effect of Newbouldia laevis (Boundary Tree) Leaf Extract on Shelf-Life of Fresh Chicken Meat under Tropical Conditions
Authors: Popoola Oluwabukola Rashidat , Popoola Ibukun Olukorede , Olusola Olubunmi 
Published: July 2020

The shelf life of chicken meat has been rapidly reduced as a result of high environmental temperatures prevalent in the tropics which favored the activities of spoilage micro-organisms, and reactive oxygen species that function in oxidative damage. Newbouldia laevis (N. laevis) possess valuable antioxidant and antibacterial properties. However, information on the effect of aqueous extracts of dry and wet leaves of N. laevis on preservation of fresh chicken meat under tropical condition is scanty and thus, investigated. Broiler chicken meat (10kg weight) was obtained immediately after slaughter and were randomly allotted to three treatments (T1- control; T2- aqueous extract of wet leaves of N. laevis; and T3- aqueous extract of dry leaves of N. laevis) in a Randomized Complete Block Design. Tropical plant, such as Newbouldia laevis with relatively high resistance to heat stress, possesses viable bioactive compounds that can lower the growth of spoilage micro-organisms and activities of reactive oxygen species on fresh chicken meat under tropical conditions for 48 hours. Hence, poultry farmers in developing nations with fluctuating power supply can adopt the quick meat shelf life enhancement technique, while commercial poultry farmers across the globe can embark on product fortification using extracts of Newbouldia laevis.
Application of Trichoderma harzianum T10 Liquid Formula Based On Soybean Flour Against Cucumber Seedlings Damping-Off (Pythium sp.)
Authors: Soesanto Lukas 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTProper concentration of soybean flour in the liquid formulation for Trichoderma harzianum T10 growth, its influence to suppress damping-off, and on the growth of cucumber seedlings was investigated. Randomized completely design was used in in vitro test with five treatments and five replicates. The treatments were T. harzianum T10 in Potato Dextrose Broth (control), T. harzianum T10 in soybean fluor of 1, 2, 3 and 4%. Randomiszed block design was used in in planta test with six treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of control, T. harzianum T10 in Potato Dextrose Broth, T. harzianum T10 in soybean fluor of 1, 2, 3, and 4%. Variables observed were conidia density, incubation period, disease incidence, area under the disease progress curve, maximum potentially growth, germination persentage, crop height, root fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, and root length. Result of the research showed that the right liquid formulation for T. harzianum T10 growth was the use of soybean fluor with concentration of 2% resulting conidia density as 67,10% compared to PDB. The formulation could suppress the disease incidence, decrease AUDPC value, increase root wet weight, crown wet weight, and root length as 66.67, 66.10, 57.36, 43.81, and 41.81%, respectively, compared to control. Keyword: cucumber, damping-off, liquid formula, soybean flour, Trichoderma harzianum
An assessment of empathy levels of dental students’ in Nepal: A cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Ghimire Siddharth , Dixit Punam Basnet , Roy Deepak Kumar , Dhital Shweta , Dahal Sirjana 
Published: July 2020

Background: Empathy is a behavioural aspect of understanding and communicating with a desire to help. Empathy in medical personnel with patient is one of the basic ingredients of good physician/dentist –patient relationships.
Objectives: To assess empathy level among dental undergraduate students, interns and dental postgraduate students of Nepal and to investigate the differences in empathy scores based on gender and year of dental training.
Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried out among 240 dental students of different dental colleges in Nepal. Eighty students were included in each group of third to final-year undergraduate dental students, interns and postgraduate students. Data was collected using a standard-validated, self-administered Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Care Provider Student Version (JSE-HPS). This questionnaire included 20 items with a seven-point Likert scale. This scale has relevant content that allows assessing empathy between students and their patients. The collected data was entered in Microsoft Excel and statistical analysis was done in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.
Results: Out of 240 dental students, 74 (30.8%) were males and 166 (69.2%) were females with the mean age of 25.35 ±3.203. The mean empathy score was 79.59 ± 6.492.There was no significant difference in mean empathy level score by gender. The interns were the most empathetic (80.80 ± 6.147). The mean empathy score was found to be highest for the students with less than one year of experience of treating patient (81.85 ± 7.841).
Conclusion: Empathy should be given importance to in dental curriculum to improve dentist-patient relationship, thereby improving the treatment outcomes.
Median and ulnar nerve functions in taxi/microbus drivers and helpers in Kathmandu
Authors: Amatya Mrigendra , Khanal Bibek 
Published: July 2020

Background: Occupational drivers are exposed to various stressors such as ergonomic restriction, whole body vibration, vehicle exhaust and dust exposure. Drivers are reported to have higher rates of morbidities, especially of the musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous systems. Reports on drivers’ nerve functions by specific electrodiagnostic methods are lacking.
Objectives: To compare electrophysiologic parameters of median and ulnar nerves in drivers with other population.
Methodology: In a cross-sectional comparative study, nerve conduction study was performed in median and ulnar nerves in three groups of participants – Drivers (driving taxi/microbus for at least six months), Helpers (microbus conductors for at least six months) and Controls (college staff/students). Parameters for sensory nerve action potentials and compound motor action potentials were compared among groups by ANOVA and right versus left sides within groups by paired t test.
Results: The study involved 145 male participants – 51 Drivers, 34 Helpers and 60 Controls. Compared to drivers and helpers, conduction velocity of nerves was significantly higher in controls for sensory component of all nerves (p values for right median = 0.001, left median = <0.001, right ulnar = <0.001 and left ulnar = 0.019) and motor component of right ulnar nerve (p=0.002). In right-left comparisons, conduction was slower in left median sensory than right (p=0.001) and right ulnar sensory than left (p=0.015) in the helpers but not significant in other groups.
Conclusion: Electrophysiological evidences of afflictions of median and ulnar nerves are detectable in urban taxi/ microbus drivers and helpers with at least six months’ occupational duration.
Medical complications during inpatient rehabilitation in patients with ischemic stroke in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal
Authors: Dhungana Krishna , Shakya Dipesh , Shrestha Rabindra , Bhatta Sabnam , Maharjan Sabbu 
Published: July 2020

Background: Complications are common in patients with ischemic stroke and hinder successful rehabilitation. Timely identification and management of complications are key factors in the management of patients with ischemic stroke.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to find the occurrence of different types of complications in patients admitted with the diagnosis of ischemic stroke and to find the risk factors associated with the occurrence of complications.
Methodology: The study is a cross sectional descriptive study. A total of 96 patients with ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital over a period of six months (July 2018 to December 2018) were recruited. Data was recorded according to a designed proforma and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.
Results: The age group ranged from 25 to 91 years with the mean age of 64.36 years and 50 (52.1%)patients were male. A total of 62 (64.6%) patients developed at least one complication during hospital stay. Pneumonia and urinary tract infection were the most common complications occurring in 22(22.9%) patients. The occurrence of complications was positively correlated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and Glasgow Coma Scale.
Conclusion: Pneumonia and urinary tract infection were the most common complications in our study and were similar to those quoted in the western literature. Severity of stroke had positive correlations with occurrence of complications.
Awareness on Cancer and Barriers to Health Care Seeking Among Adults of Bardiya
Authors: Sah Chanda , Aryal Srijana , Neupane Gita 
Published: July 2020

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is a leading public health problem worldwide. Low awareness on cancer leads to increase in burden of cancer diagnosis and treatment.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to find out awareness regarding cancer among people. Total 100 samples were selected by using non-probability purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interview schedule was developed with the guide of the Cancer Awareness Measure (CAM) to collect data. Collected data were analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
RESULTS: The findings of the study showed that none of the study respondents were aware of all the nine warning signs of cancer. Majority (80%) of the respondents were aware that “a sore that doesn’t heal” and minority (15%) knew about “change in bowel and bladder habit” as warning signs of cancer. Regarding risk factors, majority knew chemical fertilizer and pesticides and unseasonal fruits and vegetables (90%), smoking (88%) as risk factors of cancer and minority (32%) knew about excessive sun exposure. There was statistically significant association between respondents’ level of awareness regarding cancer with education status (p= 0.011).
CONCLUSION: Findings of the study revealed that more than half (68%) of the adults had low awareness regarding cancer. Emotional barriers (88%) were known to be affecting health care seeking behaviours for cancer. Therefore, it is recommended to organize health awareness campaigns addressing emotional barriers might improve in early diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Analisis Nilai Risiko Portofolio Optimum Pada Reksadana Campuran Dengan Pendekatan EWMA
Authors: Pratiwi Noviana 
Published: July 2020

Value at Risk (VaR) is one of the risk measurement techniques and is considered a standard method of measuring risk. EWMA is one method to find standard deviation value of Conditional Variance which used to calculate the VaR. Investors use VaR to determine the risk level. VaR defined as the estimated loss of portfolio with a certain level of confidence. A portfolio composed of several mixed mutual funds. Of the four mutual funds only two mutual funds that can be arranged to get an optimum portfolio, 20% of mutual funds Kresna Flexima and 80% Nikko BUMN Plus. Portfolio VaR is calculated by EWMA method because it found the existence of conditional Variance. With a 95% level of trust and decay factor in accordance with the proposed risk metrics of 0.94 for daily data than obtained the VaR value of 0.26221011. This means that the maximum losses that may be received by investors amounted to 26.22% if investors invest in assets recommended by the optimal portfolio. This level of risk will be used by investors to control investment risk. Keyword: VaR, EWMA, Portofolio Optimum, Reksadana
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematika Melalui Model Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share (TPS)
Authors: Prihastuti Leny , Riyadi Ahmad 
Published: July 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematika siswa kelas VII E SMP N 2 Pajangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP N 2 Pajangan, dengan subyek penelitian kelas VII E yang berjumlah 28 siswa. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) kolaboratif antara guru matematika kelas VII E SMP N 2 Pajangan dengan peneliti. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan ialah observasi, dokumentasi, wawancara, catatan lapangan dan tes. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa setelah diterapkan pembelajaran matematika dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) pada materi sifat-sifat bangun segiempat dan keliling serta luas bangun segiempat, siswa mengalami peningkatan kemampuan komunikasi matematika. Kata Kunci: Komunikasi matematika, model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share (TPS)
BERTEOLOGI DALAM KONTEKS INDONESIA YANG MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: Buru Puplius Meinrad 
Published: July 2020

<p>This article aims at introducing the content and purpose of the <em>Apostolic Constitution</em> <em>Veritatis Gaudium </em>(Joy of Truth), namely the renewal of theological faculties and ecclesiastical institution of higher education. This renewal needs to be brought into the public sphere, so that it can be realized by paying attention to the sociocultural context of the local Church. By analyzing qualitatively data collected through the study of literature and employing the contextual theological approach, it is concluded that the Catholic Church in Indonesia, especially the theological faculties as well as Catholic higher education institutions need to intensify dialogue in theology and in preaching, to build solidarity, networking and interand trans-disciplinary cooperation with other institutions. Through dialogue theology will be more context-oriented and the preaching will be an invitation to others to deepen God’s self-revelation in the history, culture and the local social context. In this way, the Gospel or the Good News would be Joy of Truth (<em>Veritatis</em> <em>Gaudium</em>) for all people.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong><em> Veritatis Gaudium, the joy of truth, contextual theology, theology and culture, church in Indonesia, multicultural, dialog, catholic education.</em></p>