bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New mysteries and challenges from the Toothbrush relic: wideband observations from 550 MHz to 8 GHz
Authors: Rajpurohit K. , Hoeft M. , Vazza F. , Rudnick L. , van Weeren R. J. , Wittor D. , Drabent A. , Brienza M. , Bonnassieux E. , Locatelli N. , Kale R. , Dumba C. 
Published: March 2020

Context.Radio relics are diffuse extended synchrotron sources that originate from shock fronts induced by galaxy cluster mergers. The particle acceleration mechanism at the shock fronts is still under debate. The galaxy cluster 1RXS J0603.3+4214 hosts one of the most intriguing examples of radio relics, known as the Toothbrush.Aims.In order to understand the mechanism(s) that accelerate(s) relativistic particles in the intracluster medium, we investigated the spectral properties of large-scale diffuse extended sources in the merging galaxy cluster 1RXS J0603.3+4214.Methods.We present new wideband radio continuum observations made with uGMRT and VLA. Our new observations, in combination with previously published data, allowed us to carry out a detailed high-spatial-resolution spectral and curvature analysis over a wide range of frequencies.Results.The integrated spectrum of the Toothbrush closely follows a power law over almost two orders of magnitude in frequency, with a spectral index of −1.16 ± 0.02. We do not find any evidence of spectral steepening below 8 GHz. The subregions of the Toothbrush also exhibit near-perfect power laws and identical spectral slopes, suggesting that the observed spectral index is rather set by the distribution of Mach numbers which may have a similar shape at different parts of the shock front. Indeed, numerical simulations show an intriguing similar spectral index, indicating that the radio spectrum is dominated by the average over the inhomogeneities within the shock, with most of the emission coming from the tail of the Mach number distribution. In contrast to the Toothbrush, the spectra of the fainter relics show a high-frequency steepening. Moreover, the integrated spectrum of the halo also follows a power law from 150 MHz to 3 GHz with a spectral index of −1.16 ± 0.04. We do not find any evidence for spectral curvature, not even in subareas of the halo. This suggest a homogeneous acceleration throughout the cluster volume. Between the “brush” region of the Toothbrush and the halo, the color-color analysis reveals emission that was consistent with an overlap between the two different spectral regions.Conclusions.None of the relic structures, that is, the Toothbrush as a whole or its subregions or the other two fainter relics, show spectral shapes consistent with a single injection of relativistic electrons, such as at a shock, followed by synchrotron aging in a relatively homogeneous environment. Inhomogeneities in some combination of Mach number, magnetic field strength, and projection effects dominate the observed spectral shapes.
Observational and theoretical constraints on the formation and early evolution of the first dust grains in galaxies at 5 < z < 10
Authors: Burgarella D. , Nanni A. , Hirashita H. , Theulé P. , Inoue A. K. , Takeuchi T. T. 
Published: March 2020

Context. The first generation of stars were born a few hundred million years after the big bang. These stars synthesise elements heavier than H and He, which are later expelled into the interstellar medium, initiating the rise of metals. Within this enriched medium, the first dust grains were formed. This event is cosmologically crucial for molecule formation, as dust plays a major role by cooling low-metallicity star-forming clouds, which can fragment to create lower mass stars. Collecting information on these first dust grains is difficult because of the negative alliance of large distances and low dust masses.
Aims. We aim to combine the observational information from galaxies at redshifts 5 ≲ z ≲ 10 to constrain their dust emission and theoretically understand the first evolutionary phases of the dust cycle.
Methods. Spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are fitted with CIGALE and the physical parameters and their evolution are modelled. From this SED fitting, we built a dust-emission template for this population of galaxies in the reionisation epoch.
Results. Our new models explain why some early galaxies are observed and others are not. We follow in time the formation of the first grains by supernovae later destroyed by other supernova blasts and expelled in the circumgalactic and intergalactic media.
Conclusions. We find evidence for the first dust grains formed in the universe. But above all, this work underlines the need to collect more data and to develop new facilities to further constrain the dust cycle in galaxies in the reionisation epoch.
PACO ASDI: an algorithm for exoplanet detection and characterization in direct imaging with integral field spectrographs
Authors: Flasseur Olivier , Denis Loïc , Thiébaut Éric , Langlois Maud 
Published: March 2020

Context.Exoplanet detection and characterization by direct imaging both rely on sophisticated instruments (adaptive optics and coronagraph) and adequate data processing methods. Angular and spectral differential imaging (ASDI) combines observations at different times and a range of wavelengths in order to separate the residual signal from the host star and the signal of interest corresponding to off-axis sources.Aims.Very high contrast detection is only possible with an accurate modeling of those two components, in particular of the background due to stellar leakages of the host star masked out by the coronagraph. Beyond the detection of point-like sources in the field of view, it is also essential to characterize the detection in terms of statistical significance and astrometry and to estimate the source spectrum.Methods.We extend our recent methodPACO, based on local learning of patch covariances, in order to capture the spectral and temporal fluctuations of background structures. From this statistical modeling, we build a detection algorithm and a spectrum estimation method:PACO ASDI. The modeling of spectral correlations proves useful both in reducing detection artifacts and obtaining accurate statistical guarantees (detection thresholds and photometry confidence intervals).Results.An analysis of several ASDI datasets from the VLT/SPHERE-IFS instrument shows thatPACO ASDIproduces very clean detection maps, for which setting a detection threshold is statistically reliable. Compared to other algorithms used routinely to exploit the scientific results of SPHERE-IFS, sensitivity is improved and many false detections can be avoided. Spectrally smoothed spectra are also produced byPACO ASDI. The analysis of datasets with injected fake planets validates the recovered spectra and the computed confidence intervals.Conclusions.PACO ASDIis a high-contrast processing algorithm accounting for the spatio-spectral correlations of the data to produce statistically-grounded detection maps and reliable spectral estimations. Point source detections, photometric and astrometric characterizations are fully automatized.
Severe Gingival Recession Caused by Traumatic Occlusion and Mucogingival Stress: A Case Report
Authors: Ustun Kemal , Sari Zafer , Orucoglu Hasan , Duran Ismetdir , Hakki Sema S 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTGingival recession is displacement of the soft tissue margin apically leading to root surface exposure. Tooth malpositions, high muscle attachment, frenal pull have been associated with gingival tissue recession. Occlusal trauma is defined as injury resulting in tissue changes within the attachment apparatus as a result of occlusal forces. Trauma from occlusion may cause a shift in tooth position and the direction of the movement depends on the occlusal force. We present the clinical and radiological findings and the limitation of periodontal treatment of a severe gingival recession in a case with traumatic occlusion. A 16 years old male, systemically healthy and nonsmoking patient presented to our clinic with severe gingival recession of mandibular canines and incisors. Clinical evaluation revealed extensive gingival recession on the vestibules of mandibular anterior segment. Patient has an Angle class III malocclusion and deep bite. To maintain the teeth until orthodontic therapy and maxillofacial surgery, mucogingival surgeries were performed to obtain attached gingiva to provide oral hygiene and reduce inflammation. After mucogingival surgeries, limited attached gingiva was gained in this case. Regular periodontal maintenance therapy was performed at 2 month intervals to preserve mandibular anterior teeth. Multidisciplinary approach should be performed in this kind of case for satisfactory results. Unless occlusal relationship was corrected, treatment of severe gingival recession will be problematic. For satisfactory periodontal treatment, early diagnosis of trauma from occlusion and its treatment is very important. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:127-133)
Factor-based investing in government bond markets: a survey of the current state of research
Authors: Bektić Demir , Hachenberg Britta , Schiereck Dirk 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFactor investing has become very popular during the last decades, especially with respect to equity markets. After extending Fama–French factors to corporate bond markets, recent research more often concentrates on the government bond space and reveals that there is indeed clear empirical evidence for the existence of significant government bond factors. Voices that state the opposite refer to outdated data samples. By the documentation of rather homogeneous recent empirical evidence, this review underlines the attractiveness of more sophisticated investment approaches, which are well established in equity and even in corporate bond markets, to the segment of government bonds.
Stability of polymer jets in extension: physicochemical and rheological mechanisms
Authors: Malkin Alexander Ya. , Subbotin Andrey V. , Kulichikhin Valery G. 
Published: March 2020

The review is devoted to the fundamental problems of physical chemistry and rheology posed in the analysis of stability loss of polymer jets in extension. Studies of phenomena occurring in deformation of polymeric fluids are of considerable applied interest because extension of polymeric fluids underlies many industrial processes, first of all, fibre spinning. Studies of critical conditions of deformation are based on general principles of fluid mechanics, which are applicable to all fluids and various phenomena in nature and technology. First we discuss solutions to classical problems of instability of liquid jets as the basis for further analysis of the behaviour of polymeric fluids in particular situations. Next, specific features of the deformation mechanisms and appearance of instabilities of polymeric fluid jets are considered as consequences of their physicochemical and rheological properties.
The bibliography includes 162 references.
Naive physics vs compositionality in evaluating the Lexical Aspect Hypothesis
Authors: Verkuyl Henk J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIt will be argued that the LAH suffers from being based on the naive physics originating from ordinary language philosophers, who practiced ontology rather than doing semantics. Their metaphysics turns out to be incompatible with the principle of compositionality. Due to them a verb has been taken as a predicate rather than as a linguistic unit with its own lexical meaning. Therefore the leniency of a verb in the sense of being available for a wide variety of arguments has been underestimated.
A ‘mixed methods’ approach for investigating aspect in a second language
Authors: Domínguez Laura 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA leading hypothesis in the study of the L2 acquisition of aspect-related verbal morphemes is the Lexical Aspect Hypothesis (LAH) (Andersen, 1989,1991;Andersen & Shirai, 1994) which claims that learners’ use of these forms is determined by the lexical properties of events. Reviews of major studies reveal that data from one single task, usually an open-ended oral task, have often been used to support this hypothesis. I discuss copious evidence from the acquisition of Spanish to argue that when studies use a ‘mixed methods’ approach (e.g. combining oral production and experimentally elicited data) they are able to test existing hypotheses such as the LAH more reliably and can offer more valuable insights. Existing evidence from the SPLLOC project (Domínguez, Tracy-Ventura, Arche, Mitchell, & Myles, 2013;Mitchell, Domínguez, Arche, Myles, & Marsden, 2008) is used as supporting evidence for this approach and to raise questions about the appropriateness of some research methods widely used in our field.
Kaskus Smilies Application as an Alternative Instructional Media in BIPA (Indonesian Language For Foreign Speakers) Teaching
Authors: Arvianto Faizal 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Through the utilization of appropriate learning resources, learning process will be effectively and efficiently. The type of learning resource that can be used by teachers is instructional media. One of the instructional media in the present paradigm is using an emoticon characters in BIPA (Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers) teaching where teachers can use emoticon that was adjusted with the principles of selection and function of instructional media to support their teaching. Kaskus Smilies that have become “visual languages” among the Kaskus network users can be used as an alternative instructional media in BIPA teaching that will be very helpfull if it is adapted with teaching media. By applying it in BIPA teaching, foreign speakers who want to study or explore Indonesian language are increasingly facilitated and also enable them to learn better and able to improve their Indonesian language skills in accordance with the goals to be achieved.
Information Retrieval System to Find Articles and Clauses in UUD 1945 Using Vector Space Model Method
Authors: Sulaeman O R , Gata W , Wahyudi E , Hakim M J , Subandi R , Setiyawan R , Pratama B 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study aims to find articles and clauses from the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945) using the Vector Space Model method that calculates the similarity of many documents. One document is represented by one clause from each article of the 1945 Constitution. The next step is pre-processing by deleting unnecessary words (stopwords) and changing it into basic words (stemmer) in the Indonesian language. Each document will be indexed to speed up query and simplify the weighting. Words weighting in documents is performed using the TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) algorithm by calculating the frequency of words in documents and all documents. The document search results will be presented in the ranking with the largest number of scoring appears at the top (descend sorting). The word search in this system more or less takes 90-100 milliseconds in 73 documents.
Teaching Aids In Learning Communication: The Introduction Of The Animals Concept To Students With Visual Impairment In Biology Lesson
Authors: Nurzaman Mohammad , Hafiar Hanny , Dewi Retasari , Budiana Heru Ryanto , Silvana Hana 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Teaching aids are needed in an effort to explain biology material in order to be able to provide an overview, so students can develop concepts to form a comprehensive understanding. Concepts in biology learning materials are difficult to obtain by students with visual impairments without the support of teaching aids. The purpose of this study was to identify ways to introduce animals as living things to students with visual impairments. The method used in this research is a descriptive case study, with qualitative data types. The introduction of the concept of diversity of animals as living things, to students with visually impairment requires the complete teaching aids which include miniatures, for the introduction of shapes and structures; prototype textures, for the introduction of textures, feathers, scales, muscle tissue; audio, to recognize the distinctive sound of animals; An explanation of the description of the size, nature, character, usefulness in life, and behavior that needs to be developed. Constraints encountered in learning biology by using teaching aids for students with visual impairment, including among others: The unavailability of certain teaching aids that are sold and can be bought in the market; The teaching aids available have not been able to help students get an overall picture; The teaching aids available are not in accordance with the special conditions of students with visual impairments; The complexity of the system in some biology subject matter requires visual experience to understand it; In discussing a particular subject matter, the student with visual impairment requires several teaching aids that are operated simultaneously.
Humidity Analysis Using 808H5V5 by Mean Formula
Authors: Kartika Wisnu , Geraldo Muhammad , Sulaimi Kholid Al , Supriyadi Kuat 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Humidity and noise in the baby incubator are parameters that must be maintained according to the BPFK (Health Facility Security Center) standard, which is fifty to sixty percent for humidity. Moisture needs to be maintained to keep the stability of the baby’s body temperature. Therefore, the authors intend to make a calibration tool for baby incubators (incubator analyzers) with moisture parameters. To measure the moisture content, the 808H5V5 sensor was used, while the minimum system used was Arduino Uno. The test method used to see the performance of this tool were to compare the values in the humidity of the TA module, the incubator analyzer with a comparison (Temperature Humidity Meter). At the humidity reading, the error value was below two percent, where the biggest error in the measurement value of 37 Celcius degree is 1,56 percent. The tool is functioning properly as incubator analyzer because it has an error below tolerance of approximately five percent.
Dosimeter Co-Card Alarm X-ray Radiation Dosage Monitoring Instrument
Authors: Loniza Erika , Fasai S Amukti , Bariton Subhan , Rughaisyiah Nahdhatur 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
One type of radiation which is widely used in the field of radiodiagnostic is ionizing radiation. This radiation is a type of radiation with the source of radiation from X-ray devices used in many medical purposes such as Roentgen. Besides giving benefits, radiation has an adverse effect on health when it exceeds specified dose limit. Monitoring radiation doses for most hospitals in Indonesia use passive dosimeters that monitored every month. Dosimeter Co-Card Alarm (DOSCA) is an innovative instrument that combines the application of surveymeter as a gage of dose velocity and dose meter as a gage of radiation dose simultaneously and directly with component advanced electronic in occupational safety and health efforts in the radiation field. At function test in radiology of RSI PDHI Yogyakarta use comparison instrument brand BliT made in China, which is controlled by voltage that starts from 50kV until 90kV, 65mA and 0,08s. The average result of the difference in value obtained between BliT and DOSCA is 0.03μSv. Then the function test in CV. Sehat Sejahtera using voltage 60kV with 5mAs and 10mAs showed the average result of the difference by 0,0μSv. The results of testing instrument showed that DOSCA were able to detect X-ray radiation well.
The Waste Management Program Of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) By Economic Incentive And Facility Support
Authors: Zamroni M. , Prahara Rahma Sandhi , Kartiko Ari , Purnawati Dia , Kusuma Dedi Wijaya 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Waste management in the city of Mojokerto formerly used open dumping method at TPA Mojokerto. Once Law No.18 of 2008 issued on waste management, the garbage in the city of Mojokerto dumped into the area of Randegan. The research aims is to explore and to describe economic incentive and facility support of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) waste management program in Mojokerto. This is a descriptive qualitative research. The sample in this study of a random sampling of 106 RW in the city of Mojokerto. The results showed high support and community willingness to play active role in 3R waste management concept. It is showed that 96,3% of respondents are expecting 3R waste management method. They gave support toward collecting, processing and recycling of waste. To improve the quality of waste management 83% the respondents is not hesitate to pay higher 3R waste management services. The adequacy of financial support both from local government and community volunteer are important to make the program successful. There is also a desire for reward and incentives from the community to trigger the program runs well. The study also reveals some actions that have been doing by community dealing with 3R management method: bringing shopping bag, buying recycling products, fixing and reusing old products, separating organic and unorganic garbage and making handicraft from wasted materials. However, there are still lack facility support to improve the program. The research showed 86% respondents didn’t have garbage bin to recycle waste. Furthermore,75% respondents are expecting government to support facility of 3R waste management concept as as well 55% respondent are wanting accessibility to 3R waste management centre in each region in Mojokerto City. Here, several tasks must be take for considerations by the local government and support of community is obviously needed
The Effect of Processing Route Parameters on Tensile Properties of Pandanus Tectorius Fibers
Authors: Sudarisman  , Rahman M B N , Ridho M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The effect of temperature and time duration of degumming process on tensile properties of Pandanus Tectorius fibers has just been studied. While degumming temperature and soaking time for alkali treatment were kept constant at 80 °C and 2 hours, respectively, degumming time was varied at 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours, and sodium hydroxide solution content was varied at 2.5 and 5 wt%. A bundle of fiber was placed in an O-shape cardboard holder for being tensile tested until fracture occurred. Cross sectional areas and fracture modes of representative fibers were captured under optical microscope. Whilst the cross section image areas were then measured by means of an open source software, the imageJ, the fracture images were closely evaluated to determine their respective fracture modes. The result showed that tensile strength, tensile failure strain and elastic modulus increase with the increase of degumming time up to 3 hours, then decrease for 4 hours degumming time. The highest values were found being 614.5 MPa, 0.11 mm/mm and 1.07 GPa, respectively.
Design, Frame Analysis and Manufacture of Handcycle Prototype
Authors: Himarosa Rela Adi , Sunardi  
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Handcycle is a transportation tool for individuals with lower limb disabilities. This study designed a handcycle as a mode of transportation to facilitate the accessibility of persons with disabilities. The design of the handcycle was designed on a prototype scale. It referred to recumbent and synchronous frame geometry types for arm crank set up to do finite element analysis studies using Autodesk Fusion 360 software to find the value of the strength of the handcycle frame design. A decent frame at 160 kg loading with a critical value of 330 MPa was designed and became a reference for the handcycle production process.