bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathways Linking Parental Relationship Changes, Depressive Symptoms, and Parenting Behaviors to Young Children's Development
Authors: Barnett Melissa A. , Paschall Katherine W. , Kopystynska Olena , Warren Shannon M. , Curran Melissa A. 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveThe current study examined how parental relationship changes were linked to observed parenting behaviors, parental depressive symptoms, and 3‐year‐old children's social–emotional development.BackgroundParental relationship changes may present risks to young children's well‐being. The specific processes linking these changes to child development, however, remain unclear because these changes are often confounded with other family risks. We applied an adapted family stress model to identify family‐based pathways conferring risk to children among predominantly low‐income unmarried families.MethodData are from 2,575 families who participated in the Building Strong Families study, which included primarily unmarried, low‐income couples transitioning to parenthood. Parental relationship changes were measured as overall changes in parents' romantic relationship status with each other and with new partners and multipartner fertility. Structural equation models (SEM) were estimated to link these changes directly and indirectly, via mothers' and fathers' parenting behaviors and depressive symptoms, to children's behavior problems and effortful control.ResultsParental relationship changes were directly associated with paternal depressive symptoms and children's internalizing behaviors. Mothers' and fathers' parenting behaviors were independently associated with children's behavior problems and effortful control.ConclusionThe findings point to the value of simultaneously considering the observed parenting behaviors and depressive symptoms of mothers and fathers within the context of parent relationship changes.ImplicationsInterventions aimed at strengthening low‐income unmarried families should focus on the quality of mothers' and fathers' parenting to bolster young children's development because these parenting behaviors were more closely associated with child development than were parental relationship changes.
Conditioned place preference for cocaine and methylphenidate in female mice from lines selectively bred for high voluntary wheel‐running behavior
Authors: Schmill Margaret P. , Cadney Marcell D. , Thompson Zoe , Hiramatsu Layla , Albuquerque Ralph L. , McNamara Monica P. , Castro Alberto A. , Kay Jarren C. , Buenaventura Darrius G. , Ramirez Jocelyn L. , Rhodes Justin S. , Garland Theodore 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBehavioral addictions can come in many forms, including overeating, gambling and overexercising. All addictions share a common mechanism involving activation of the natural reward circuit and reinforcement learning, but the extent to which motivation for natural and drug rewards share similar neurogenetic mechanisms remains unknown. A unique mouse genetic model in which four replicate lines of female mice were selectively bred (>76 generations) for high voluntary wheel running (High Runner or HR lines) alongside four non‐selected control (C) lines were used to test the hypothesis that high motivation for exercise is associated with greater reward for cocaine (20 mg/kg) and methylphenidate (10 mg/kg) using the conditioned place preference (CPP) test. HR mice run ~three times as many revolutions/day as C mice, but the extent to which they have increased motivation for other rewards is unknown. Both HR and C mice displayed significant CPP for cocaine and methylphenidate, but with no statistical difference between linetypes for either drug. Taken together, results suggest that selective breeding for increased voluntary running has modified the reward circuit in the brain in a way that increases motivation for running without affecting cocaine or methylphenidate reward.
Exist or exit? Women business‐owners in Bangladesh during COVID‐19
Authors: Jaim Jasmine 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWithin the unique context of COVID‐19, this feminist research provides novel insights on how gender‐specific issues are articulated in the experiences of women concerning their small businesses in a patriarchal developing nation. Based on the interviews of women business‐owners in Bangladesh, this research reveals the diversified gendered experiences of women in private and public spheres in continuing their business operations during the pandemic period. It also unveils patriarchal practices regarding women's discontinuing or closing down ventures due to the COVID‐19 crisis. Thus, the research substantially advances the understanding on the influence of gender on women's continuing or discontinuing or even closing down their businesses in a highly patriarchal developing nation during the pandemic period. It further offers important suggestions for policy practitioners in supporting women business‐owners of patriarchal developing nations during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Effect of pemafibrate on fatty acid levels and liver enzymes in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with dyslipidemia: A single‐arm, pilot study
Authors: Seko Yuya , Yamaguchi Kanji , Umemura Atsushi , Yano Kota , Takahashi Aya , Okishio Shinya , Kataoka Seita , Okuda Keiichiroh , Moriguchi Michihisa , Okanoue Takeshi , Itoh Yoshito 
Published: September 2020

AimDyslipidemia (DL) is commonly associated with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Pemafibrate, a selective peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α modulator (SPPARMα), has been shown to improve liver function among patients with DL. The aim of this single‐arm prospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of pemafibrate in NAFLD patients with DL.MethodsTwenty NAFLD patients with DL who received pemafibrate (0.1 mg) twice a day for 12 weeks were prospectively enrolled in this study. The primary end‐point was change in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels from baseline to week 12.ResultsSerum ALT levels decreased from 75.1 IU/L at baseline to 43.6 IU/L at week 12 (P = 0.001). Significant improvements in triglyceride, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, total fatty acid, saturated fatty acid (SFA), and unsaturated fatty acid were also noted. The serum level of remnant‐like protein cholesterol, SFA, and polyunsaturated / saturated fatty acid ratio (PUFA / SFA ratio) at baseline were correlated with change in ALT level (r = −0.53, r = −0.57, and r = 0.46, respectively). Change in PUFA and change in PUFA / SFA ratio were negatively correlated with change in ALT level (r = −0.49 and r = −0.53). No hepatic or renal adverse events were reported.ConclusionsSelective peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α could be a promising novel agent for treatment of NAFLD patients with DL by regulating fatty acid composition. A further long‐term large‐scale trial is warranted to confirm the efficacy of SPPARMα on NAFLD with DL.
A multicentre analytical comparison study of inter‐reader and inter‐assay agreement of four programmed death‐ligand 1 immunohistochemistry assays for scoring in triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Noske Aurelia , Ammann Johannes U , Wagner Daniel‐Christoph , Denkert Carsten , Lebeau Annette , Sinn Peter , Kreipe Hans‐Heinrich , Sommer Ulrich , Baretton Gustavo , Steiger Katja , Kiechle Marion , Hieke‐Schulz Stefanie , Flores Mike , Roth Wilfried , Weichert Wilko 
Published: September 2020

AimsStudies in various cancer types have demonstrated discordance between results from different programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) assays. Here, we compare the reproducibility and analytical concordance of four clinically developed assays for assessing PD‐L1‐positivity in tumour‐infiltrating immune cells in the tumour area (PD‐L1‐IC‐positivity) in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC).Methods and resultsPrimary TNBC resection specimens (n = 30) were selected based on their PD‐L1‐IC‐positivity per VENTANA SP142 (<1%: 15 cases; 1–5%: seven cases; >5%: eight cases). Serial histological sections were stained for PD‐L1 using VENTANA SP142, VENTANA SP263, DAKO 22C3 and DAKO 28‐8. PD‐L1‐IC‐positivity and tumour cell expression (≥1 versus <1%) were scored by trained readers from seven sites using online virtual microscopy. The adjusted mean of PD‐L1‐IC‐positivity for SP263 (7.8%) was significantly higher than those for the other three assays (3.7–4.9%). Differences in adjusted means were statistically significant between SP263 and the other three assays (P < 0.0001) but not between the three remaining assays when excluding SP263 (P = 0.0961–0.6522). Intra‐class correlation coefficients revealed moderate‐to‐strong inter‐reader agreement for each assay (0.460–0.805) and poor‐to‐strong inter‐assay agreement for each reader (0.298–0.678) on PD‐L1‐IC‐positivity.ConclusionsIn this first multicentre study of different PD‐L1 assays in TNBC, we show that PD‐L1‐IC‐positivity for SP142, 22C3 and 28‐8 was reproducible and analytically concordant, indicating that these three assays may be analytically interchangeable. The relevance of the higher PD‐L1‐IC‐positivity for SP263 should be further investigated.
Isomaltodextrin strengthens model starch gels and moderately promotes starch retrogradation
Authors: Fang Fang , Hayes Anna M.R. , Watanabe Hikaru , Higashiyama Takanobu , Campanella Osvaldo H. , Hamaker Bruce R. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryIsomaltodextrin (IMD) is a novel highly branched α‐glucan with emerging applications in foods due to its nutritional functionalities. In this study, the impact of IMD on the viscoelasticity and microstructure of starch gels and starch retrogradation were investigated. IMD solutions displayed typical Newtonian behaviour. Their viscosities had a positive correlation with concentration and a negative correlation with temperature. When maintained at relative humidity of 95%, IMD absorbed 40% water of its original weight. The addition of IMD to normal corn starch increased strength of gels as indicated by higher storage moduli (G′) and resulted in a denser and smaller pore structure, but there were no changes in elasticity. Upon storage for 7 days, addition of IMD at high concentration (starch: IMD = 2:1) significantly increased the degree of starch retrogradation. This study provided perspectives underlying applications of IMD in starchy foods as a novel ingredient with textural functionality.
Date fruit: a review of the chemical and nutritional compounds, functional effects and food application in nutrition bars for athletes
Authors: Ibrahim Salam A. , Ayad Amira A. , Williams Leonard L. , Ayivi Raphael D. , Gyawali Rabin , Krastanov Albert , Aljaloud Sulaiman O. 
Published: September 2020

SummaryDate fruit is an excellent source of nutritional and health benefits. The chemical composition of dates includes carbohydrates, dietary fibre, proteins, fats, minerals and vitamins, enzymes, phenolic acid and carotenoids, all of which are directly linked to nutritional and health benefits for consumers. A number of studies have also confirmed the therapeutic effects of dates and their efficacy in the treatment of many disease conditions. As a result, a number of food products such as date syrup, date juice and date paste have been developed in order to harness the nutritional potential of dates. Adequate sources of nutrition are important for all consumers, especially for active lifestyle individuals such as athletes and sportspeople. As the goal of every athlete is to enhance athletic performance and prevent energy deficit, the use of dietary supplements has been highly recommended as a solution in this regard. For example, nutrition bars are one source of high energy and nutrients that can provide the required energy for enhanced athletic performance, and date fruits could be valorised into nutrition bars in order to help athletes to achieve their performance and nutritional goals. In this paper, we review the chemical composition and health benefits of date fruit, its food application and consequently its formulation in nutrition bars for athletes.
Acid‐induced aggregation and gelation of heat‐treated chia proteins
Authors: López Débora N. , Ingrassia Romina , Busti Pablo , Wagner Jorge , Boeris Valeria , Spelzini Darío 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis work studied for the first time the acid‐induced aggregation and gelation of heat‐treated chia protein isolates obtained by extraction at pH 10 or 12 (CPI10 and CPI12, respectively). The aggregation state of proteins was modified during acidification. The size of the aggregates was reduced for both samples when the pH decreased but below pH 4.5 further protein aggregation took place for CPI12. Gelation of CPI12 was completed after about 30 min of acidification with glucone‐δ‐lactone. By contrast, this period was not enough to reach a constant value in G′ for CPI10. When gelation was ensured, confocal laser scanning micrographs from those gels revealed a coarse and irregular structure with large pores (median size of diameters: 30 μm). Instead, micrographs from CPI12 cold gels showed a more regular and interconnected network, with smaller pores (median size of diameters: 9 μm). These differences are consistent with a higher elastic behaviour ( = 13.6 ± 0.1 Pa).
Ethanolic guava leaf extract with different chlorophyll removal processes: Antioxidant properties and its preventive effect on lipid oxidation in Pacific white shrimp
Authors: Olatunde Oladipupo Odunayo , Tan Steffi Louisa Della , Benjakul Soottawat 
Published: September 2020

SummarySedimentation process (GLE‐S) or chloroform (GLE‐Ch) were used for dechlorophyllisation of ethanolic guava leaf extract (EGLE). EGLE without chlorophyll removal (GLE‐C) was served as control. Among all the extracts, GLE‐S had the lowest chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll contents (P < 0.05). Extraction yield was highest in GLE‐C, followed by GLE‐S and GLE‐Ch, respectively. Total phenolic content and antioxidant properties were highest in GLE‐S (P < 0.05). When Pacific white shrimp (PWS) was pre‐treated with GLE‐S at varying doses (0.5% and 1%), lipid oxidation products were monitored as compared to the control (CON) and those pre‐treated with 1.25% sodium metabisulphite (SMS‐1.25) during refrigerated storage (4°C) for 12 days. Lower lipid oxidation was recorded for PWS pre‐treated with GLE‐S, especially at 1%. Therefore, sedimentation process, a green method, showed promising efficacy for producing EGLE free of green colour with improved antioxidant properties. The extract effectively reduced lipid oxidation in PWS during refrigerated storage.
Seasonal variations in hematological disorders: A 10‐year single‐center experience
Authors: Hassan Jawad , Adil Syed Omair , Haider Zeeshan , Zaheer Sidra , Anwar Nida , Nadeem Muhammad , Ansari Saqib Hussain , Shamsi Tahir 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsTo assess the seasonal variations in hematological disorders among patients diagnosed on the basis of bone marrow biopsy, who attended National Institute of Blood Diseases (NIBD) clinics during 2006 to 2015.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the 10‐year records of hematological disorders among patients' NIBD clinics from year 2006 to 2015. All cases of aplastic anemia (AA), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) were categorized on the basis of the seasons in which they were diagnosed such as winter (December‐February), spring (March‐May), southwest monsoon periods (June‐September), and retreating monsoon period (October and November). Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS and STATA. Inferential statistics were explored using the chi‐square test for heterogeneity to evaluate seasonal variations. P‐value <0.05 was taken as significant.ResultsA total of 1982 cases were reviewed. Men were predominantly higher (n = 1190, 60%) as compared to women (n = 792, 40%). Frequency of ALL was found to be higher (513, 25.9%), followed by ITP (504, 25.4%), AML (490, 24.7%), AA (396, 20%), while APML was observed in only 79 (4%) patients. Seasonal variations in the diagnosis of hematological disorders were observed (P‐value < .001), except in APML diagnosis (P‐value = .445). Significant seasonal variations were also detected in both genders in stratified analysis.ConclusionThe finding of this study has reported an increase in the hematological disorder during 2006 to 2015. Particularly, majority of the cases were reported in southwest monsoon period, whereas least cases were reported in retreating period. Significant seasonal and yearly variations were detected in all diagnosis except the APML.
Exploring occupational gender‐role stereotypes of male nurses: A South African study
Authors: Rabie Tinda , Rossouw Lizelle , Machobane Bandile F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to investigate stereotypes of occupational gender roles about male nurses, as viewed from both emic and etic perspectives.BackgroundMale nurses are a minority group in health institutions. Stereotypes have been questioned regarding these males' occupational role and presence in the nursing profession.DesignA qualitative description design was used.MethodsDuring 2016, semi‐structured interviews (N = 30) were conducted with male nurses (n = 10) (emic group), female nurses (n = 10) and discharged patients (n = 10) (etic groups) from four public hospitals.ResultsSeven categories with respective themes and subthemes emerged. Three categories were captured for emic groups, namely, existing stereotypes, experiences of stereotyping and the influences of stereotypes on work performance. Four categories emerged for etic groups, namely, treatment preferences, types of stereotyping towards male nurses, origin of stereotypes and effects of stereotypes.ConclusionPositive and negative stereotypes were reported by both emic and etic groups, with etic groups revealing more stereotypes. Effort should be made by both management in the practice environment and the media to counter the stereotyping of male nurses.
Libertad sindical en la industria de la confección de Bangladesh. Esquizofrenia política en la legislación laboral
Authors: RAHIM Mia Mahmudur , ISLAM Sk Samidul 
Published: September 2020

ResumenEl derecho de libertad sindical es fundamental para institucionalizar el sindicalismo. La Constitución y el Código del Trabajo de Bangladesh lo reconocen, pero sus disposiciones han demostrado ser ineficaces para garantizar su ejercicio en la industria de la confección. A fin de corregir las deplorables condiciones laborales de la misma, se requiere un marco legislativo integral que promueva las aptitudes y recursos complementarios del Gobierno, de los propietarios de fábricas, de los sindicatos y de las marcas mundiales hacia un compromiso y una contribución permanentes a las dimensiones socioeconómicas y políticas de las relaciones laborales en la industria de la confección de Bangladesh.
Possible negative effects of big data on decision quality in firms: The role of knowledge hiding behaviours
Authors: Ghasemaghaei Maryam , Turel Ofir 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhile common wisdom suggests that big data facilitates better decisions, we posit that it may not always be the case, as big data aspects can also afford and motivate knowledge hiding. To examine this possibility, we integrate adaptive cost theory with the resource‐based view of the firm. This integration suggests that the effect of big data characteristics (i.e., data variety, volume, and velocity) on firm decision quality can be explained, in part, by data analysts' perceived knowledge hiding behaviours, including evasive hiding, playing dumb, and rationalized hiding. We examined this model with survey data from 149 data analysts in firms that use big data to varying degrees. The findings show that big data characteristics have distinct effects on knowledge hiding behaviours. While data volume and velocity enhance knowledge hiding, data variety reduces it. Moreover, evasive hiding, playing dumb, and rationalized hiding have varying effects on firm decision quality. Whereas evasive hiding reduces firm decision‐making quality, playing dumb does not affect it, and rationalized hiding improves it. These results are further validated with applicability checks. Ultimately, these results can explain inconsistent past findings regarding the return on investment in big data and provide a unique look into the potential “dark sides” of big data.
Effects of microstructure on the oxidation behavior of A3 matrix‐grade graphite
Authors: Bratten Adam , Duan Jiaqi , Hoffman Andrew , Wen Haiming , He Xiaoqing , Stempien John D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe oxidation behavior of matrix‐grade graphite in air‐ or steam‐ingress accident scenarios is of great interest for high‐temperature gas reactors (HTGRs). In this study, the microstructures of two variants of matrix‐grade graphite based on the German A3‐3 and A3‐27 formulations were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy, and correlated to oxidation behavior observed through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Through TEM imaging and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), a higher volume fraction of partially graphitized carbon was identified in the A3‐3 type graphite than in the A3‐27 type. This structure is believed to have contributed to the accelerated oxidation exhibited by A3‐3 in the chemical reaction‐controlled oxidation regime.
Symbiont‐mediated fly survival is independent of defensive symbiont genotype in the Drosophila melanogaster–Spiroplasma–wasp interaction
Authors: Jones Jordan E. , Hurst Gregory D. D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhen a parasite attacks an insect, the outcome is commonly modulated by the presence of defensive heritable symbionts residing within the insect host. Previous studies noted markedly different strengths of Spiroplasma‐mediated fly survival following attack by the same strain of wasp. One difference between the two studies was the strain of Spiroplasma used. We therefore performed a laboratory experiment to assess whether Spiroplasma‐mediated protection depends upon the strain of Spiroplasma. We perform this analysis using the two strains of male‐killing Spiroplasma used previously, and examined response to challenge by two strains of Leptopilina boulardi and two strains of Leptopilina heterotoma wasp. We found no evidence Spiroplasma strain affected fly survival following wasp attack. In contrast, analysis of the overall level of protection, including the fecundity of survivors of wasp attack, did indicate the two Spiroplasma strains tested varied in protective efficiency against three of the four wasp strains tested. These data highlight the sensitivity of symbiont‐mediated protection phenotypes to laboratory conditions, and the importance of common garden comparison. Our results also indicate that Spiroplasma strains can vary in protective capacity in Drosophila, but these differences may exist in the relative performance of survivors of wasp attack, rather than in survival of attack per se.