bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh filler carbon black terhadap sifat dan morfologi komposit natural rubber/polypropylene
Authors: Bahruddin B , Zahrina Ida , Amraini Said Zul 
Published: March 2020

The effect of carbon black (CB) filler content and mixing technique on tensile properties and morphology of vulcanized natural rubber/polypropylene (NR/PP) blends were studied. The blends were performed in an internal mixer with NR/PP mass ratio of 70/30. The filler was mixed with the blend by two ways. First, CB was mixed with NR in roll-mill before blending with PP in internal mixer and the second, CB, NR and PP were mixed together in internal mixer. The plasticizer and maleated polypropylene (MA-g-PP) compatibilizer were added at constant value with mass fraction of 2% and 5%, respectively. Sulfur was used as curative agent with composition of 3 per hundred rubbers (phr) for the dynamic vulcanization process. The mixing was conducted at 180 oC with the rotor speed of 60 rpm. The morphological study on cryogenically fractured samples was performed using scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The tensile strength and elongation at break were measured by ISO 527-2 Type 5A standard. The results indicate that the addition of CB as filler could improve the morphology and the properties of the NR/PP blends significantly, especially at CB mass fraction of 30% and blending by first technique. At these condition, tensile strength and elongation at break were found to be 9,8 MPa and 413%, respectively. Keywords: natural rubber, thermoplastic elastomer, carbon black filler, tensile properties, morphology AbstrakPenelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh komposisi dan teknik penambahan filler carbon black (CB) terhadap sifat tensil dan morfologi campuran natural rubber/polypropylene (NR/PP). Sampel campuran disiapkan dengan menggunakan internal mixer pada rasio massa NR/PP 70/30. Filler ditambahkan ke dalam campuran NR/PP dengan komposisi 10%, 20% dan 30% massa. Penambahan filler dilakukan dengan dua cara, pertama dicampur dengan NR terlebih dahulu sebelum pencampuran NR dan PP, dan kedua dicampur bersama-sama NR dan PP dalam internal mixer. Ke dalam campuran juga ditambahkan plastisizer 2% massa dan kompatibilizer MA-g-PP sebesar 5% massa. Proses pencampuran menggunakan metode vulkanisasi dinamik pada suhu 180 oC dan kecepatan rotor 60 rpm. Sebagai curative agent digunakan sulfur dengan komposisi 3 phr (per hundred rubber). Sifat tensil campuran diukur menggunakan standar ISO 527-2 Tipe 5A. Morfologi campuran dianalisa menggunakan scanning electron microscopy. Diperoleh bahwa sifat tensil dan morfologi campuran terbaik diperoleh pada komposisi CB 30% menggunakan teknik pencampuran yang pertama. Pada kondisi tersebut; kuat tarik dan elongation at break campuran masing-masing adalah 9,8 MPa dan 413%.Kata kunci: natural rubber, termoplastik elastomer, filler carbon black, sifat tensil, morfologi
Pengaruh kondisi operasi pada kinerja reaksi dekomposisi katalitik metana dalam reaktor gauze
Authors: Purwanto Widodo W , Muharam Yuswan , Yulianti Dwi 
Published: March 2020

Methane decomposition is an alternative way to produce high quality carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and hydrogen simultaneously. The use of gauze reactor for methane decomposition had proven in solving pressure drop problem in fixed bed reactor. This experiment was carried out to study the effects of operation conditions (space time, temperature, and feed ratio) to gauze rector performance. Ni-Cu-Al catalyst which is prepared by sol-gel method with atomic ratio 2:1:1, was coated to Stainless Steel gauze by dip coating method. The reaction was done by flowing methane into the reactor at atmospheric pressure and varying space time (0.0006; 0.0032; 0.006 g×kat×min/mL), temperature (700, 750, and 800°C), and feed ratio CH4:H2 (1:0, 4:1, 1:1). An online gas chromatograph is used to detect the gas products. Reactor performances were observed from methane conversion, hydrogen purity, carbon yield and quality of nanocarbon that have been produced. Experiment result showed that the highest reactor performance (except nanocarbon quality) occurred at space time 0.006 gr cat min/mL, temperature 700 °C, and with pure methane as feed which give methane conversion, hydrogen purity, and yield carbon results are 90.66%, 90.16%, and 37 g carbon/g catalyt, respectively. Based on SEM analysis indicated that the best nanocarbon morphology can be gained at CH4:H2 ratio of 1:1.Keyword : methane decompotition, gauze reactor, carbon nanotube Abstrak Dekomposisi katalitik metana adalah salah satu alternatif untuk memproduksi hidrogen dan nanokarbon bermutu tinggi secara simultan. Penggunaan reaktor gauze untuk dekomposisi metana terbukti dapat mengatasi permasalahan penyumbatan pada reaktor unggun diam. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kondisi operasi (space time, temperatur, dan rasio umpan) terhadap kinerja reaktor gauze. Katalis Ni-Cu-Al disiapkan dengan menggunakan metode sol-gel dengan perbandingan atomik 2:1:1 dilapiskan pada gauze Stainless Steel dengan metode dip-coating. Reaksi dilakukan dengan mengalirkan metana ke dalam reaktor pada tekanan atmosferik dan dengan memvariasikan space time (0,0006; 0,0032; 0,006 g×kat×min/mL), temperatur (700, 750, dan 800 °C), dan rasio umpan CH4:H2 (1:0, 4:1, 1:1). Produk gas dianalisis dengan menggunakan gas chromatography yang terpasang secara online. Kinerja reaktor pada penelitian ini ditinjau dari konversi metana, kemurnian hidrogen, perolehan dan kualitas nanokarbon yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan hasil eksperimen diketahui bahwa kinerja reaktor paling tinggi (kecuali kualitas nanokarbon) terjadi pada space time 0,006 g×kat×min/mL, temperatur 700 °C, dan dengan menggunakan metana murni yang memberikan hasil konversi metana, kemurnian hidrogen, serta perolehan karbon secara berturut-turut 90,66%, 90,16%, dan 37 gram karbon/gram katalis. Hasil analisis menggunakan SEM menunjukkan bahwa morfologi nanokarbon paling baik didapat pada komposisi reaktan CH4: H2 = 1:1.Kata Kunci : dekomposisi metana, reaktor gauze, karbon nanotube
Administrators Rating of School Counsellor’s Competencies in Information, Counselling and Follow-up Service Delivery
Authors: Akunne L. I. , Nwadinobi V. N. 
Published: March 2020

Aims: This study examined administrators rating of school counsellor’s competencies in information, counselling and follow-up service delivery. Three purpose statements, three research questions guided the study, while one null hypothesis was tested at 0.05 alpha level.
Study Design: Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study.
Methodology: The population for the study comprised of 2076 administrators (head-teacher and principals). The sample drawn for the study is 208. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire structured on a 4-point scale. The instrument was validated by two experts with a Cronbach reliability coefficient of .641. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions, while analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the null hypothesis at 0.05 alpha level.
Results: The results from the study revealed that moderate level of competence of school counsellors in information service delivery; school counsellors are moderately competent in follow-up service delivery. The findings also revealed that administrators (head-teachers and principals) differ significantly in their mean ratings on school counsellor’s competencies in guidance and counselling (information, counselling and follow-up) service delivery.
Conclusions: Core areas in guidance and counselling should be included in all colleges and universities curricula, routine inspection and review on the progress reports of school counsellors should be conducted and in-service training and retraining programmes for school counsellors should organized.
Water Quality Assessment of Shitalakhya River
Authors: Alam Md. Mahabub , E-Zahan Md. Kudrat- , Rahman M. Habibur , Zahid A. A. S. Mostofa 
Published: March 2020

Water quality is the key of environmental concern because of its important provision of water for drinking and domestic purpose, irrigation and aquatic life including fish and fisheries. The present study was conducted to assess the surface water quality of the Shitalakhya River from January, 2017 to December, 2018. Temperature, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, BOD5, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness, Magnesium Hardness, Chloride, Dissolved Silica, Total Iron concentration and Turbidity in water samples have been found in the ranges 24 - 33°C, 6.5 - 7.6, 108 - 478 µS/cm, 54 - 245 ppm, 8 - 118 mg/l, 6 - 12 mg/l, 36.6 - 231.8 mg/l, 30 - 190 mg/l, 20 - 120 mg/l, 10 - 80 mg/l, 3.54 - 9.91 mg/l, 16 - 51 mg/l, 0.10 - 1.5 mg/l, 2.09 - 120 NTU in the year 2017 and 21 - 32.5°C, 6.7 - 7.3, 101 - 424 µS/cm, 55 - 212 ppm, 10 - 154 mg/l, 7 - 16 mg/l, 42.7 - 219.6 mg/l, 35 - 180 mg/l, 25 - 115 mg/l, 10 - 70 mg/l, 4.96 - 16.99 mg/l, 19 - 84 mg/l, 0.10 - 2.50 mg/l, 2.73 - 214 NTU in the year 2018 respectively. Obtained results of the present study area shows that most of the parameters were within the permissible limit except Turbidity, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Dissolved Silica (SiO2) and Biological Oxygen Demand for five days (BOD5). Use of river water can pose serious problems to human health and aquatic ecosystem via biological food chain. The present research suggests special preference for better management of the river water to protect the health of aquatic ecosystem of the river.
Hearing Impairment in a Tertiary Hospital in the Niger Delta Region: Prevalence, Aetiology and Pattern
Authors: Uju Ibekwe Matilda 
Published: March 2020

Aim: This study is to determine the prevalence, causes, types and patterns of hearing impairment seen in a tertiary hospital in the Niger delta region.
Study Design: A hospital based descriptive study of all patients with complaints of hearing impairment seen at the ear nose and throat clinic of the university of Port Harcourt teaching hospital within the period of January 2015 to December 2019.
Results: Bilateral affectation was commoner among those that have hearing impairment n = 366(65.2%) 91.2% while n = 54(8.8%) was found to have normal hearing. Majority of the ears had profound degree of hearing loss n= 313 (25.4%) with the highest number of it found in the right ear 27.0% however, there is no statistical significance between the side of the ear affected and the degree of hearing loss.
Conclusion: The young adults are the most affected; age 30-39 years with bilateral affectation and profound degree of hearing loss. Infective conditions such as CSOM are still very predominant in the aetiology of hearing loss in our environment.
Effect of the Garcinia kola Seed on Glycemia, Creatininemia and Aminotransferases in Adult Subjects
Authors: Gomina Moutawakilou , Salifou Tarik , Djidonou Gilbert , Zinsou Stanislas 
Published: March 2020

Background: The administration of extracts of Garcinia kola seed to experimental rats has a hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effect.
Objective: Assess the effect of daily consumption of Garcinia kola seed on glycemia, creatinine and serum aminotransferases among adult subjects.
Methods: We carried out an intervention study based on quasi-experimental approach during three months i.e. from May 1 to July 30, 2019. A sample consisting of 40 adult subjects (18 men, 22 women) had participated to the study after their written consent and approval by the institutional ethics committee. After the baseline testing which consists of fasting glycemia, creatininemia, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), each subject consumed one Garcinia kola seed per day during 90 days. Then, every 30 days, the same testing was performed. Glycemia was determined by endpoint colometric method for assaying enzyme using glucose oxidase; creatinine by colometric kinetic assay using the JAFFE reagent; and aminotransferases by UV enzyme kinetics. Student’s t test helped compare the mean values of the parameters determined at the beginning and at the end of the experiment at the threshold of 5%.
Results: The mean values at the beginning and at the end of the experiment were glycemia in g/L (0.81± 0.20 vs 0.84 ± 0.14), creatininemia in mg/L (9.36 ± 2.44 vs 8.01 ± 2.15), ALAT in UI/L (27.19 ± 15.77 vs 25.60 ± 12.45) and ASAT in UI/L (28.46 ± 11.52 vs 23.30 ± 8.48). A significant decrease of creatininemia and ASAT was observed (p = .010 and .025 respectively).
Conclusion: The consumption of the Garcinia kola seed has a nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effect.
Evaluation of the Different Methods for Fixation of Sagittal Ramus Split Osteotomy of the Mandibular Ramus in Relation to Stability for Mandibular Advancement: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bin Luiza Roberta , Érnica Natasha Magro , Junior Eleonor Álvaro Garbin , Griza Geraldo , Conci Ricardo , Nadal Letícia 
Published: March 2020

Aims: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature on the different fixation methods available for sagittal ramus split osteotomy associated with mandibular advancement tested in vitro to evaluate stability of each method.
Study Design: Systematic review.
Methodology: Following the PRISMA model for systematic reviews, a query was made in the PubMed, Bireme and Cochrane Library databases, identifying articles that reported the different fixation methods for sagittal ramus split osteotomy for mandibular advancement.
Results: A total of 352 articles were identified, 11 papers of which, after evaluation in relation to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were systematically reviewed.
Conclusion: Sagittal ramus split osteotomy is a technique performed for the treatment of mandibular discrepancies in which the methods for fixation of the segments are quite varied. In view of the biomechanical studies, the hybrid technique is the most indicated method, while miniplates with monocortical screws present less stability.
Aspiration Cytology for Thyroid Lump in Remote Areas of Sindh
Authors: Sidhwani Santosh Kumar , Shankar Prem , Chand Haresh , Mala Ali , Khan Yameena Noman , Qureshi Jabbar Ahmed 
Published: March 2020

Background: Scandinavian countries were the first to use fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as a diagnostic tool in the 1930. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a diagnostic approach, which helps the clinicians in diagnosis of the various lesions. Most common sites which can be targeted include breast lumps, lymph nodes, thyroid masses and other palpable swellings. The most common lesion encountered is thyroid nodule. In current cross sectional study we tried to find frequency of different thyroid lesions by fine needle aspiration cytology in different rural areas of Sindh.
Methodology and Results: 158 samples were recruited from the Vital Laboratory Larkana with different pathological midline neck (thyroid) swelling during 2014 and 2015 by non-probability consecutive sampling. 125 (79.1%) were females and 33 (20.9%) were males with a ratio of 4:1. Majority of case were of 20-39 years of age (52.5%). Most of the cases were diagnosed with nodular goiter (88.6%) followed by colloid goiter (4.4%). In present study we failed to find any association of diagnosis with gender (p =0.211) and age (p =0.553).
Conclusion: So in this study we concluded that large number of thyroid lesions present with nodular goiter at the age of 20-39 years. The frequency is increased for these lesions due to different risk factors.
T
hermoanaerobaculaceae
Authors: Dedysh Svetlana N. , Losey Nathaniel A. , Lawson Paul 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Ther.mo.an.a.e.ro.ba.cu.la.ce'ae. N.L. neut. n.
Thermoanaerobaculum
type genus of the family; ‐
aceae
ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Thermoanaerobaculaceae
the
Thermoanaerobaculum
family.

Acidobacteria / Thermoanaerobaculia / Thermoanaerobaculales / Thermoanaerobaculaceae

The family
Thermoanaerobaculaceae
accommodates so far only one described member represented by Gram‐negative, non‐spore‐forming, thermophilic, and neutrophilic anaerobic bacteria. Cells are elongated thin rods that divide by binary fission. These bacteria are chemoheterotrophs, which utilize some sugars, organic acids, and proteinaceous compounds. The fatty acid profile contains saturated fatty acids only, including iso‐C
15:0
, iso‐C
16:0
, iso‐C
17:0
, and anteiso‐C
17:0
. The major isoprenoid quinone is MK‐10. The family includes the single genus
Thermoanaerobaculum
. Main habitats of the only cultured representative and main sources of the related environmental clone sequences are freshwater hot springs and sediments. The family belongs to the class
Thermoanaerobaculia
, order
Thermoanaerobaculales
.

DNA G + C content of the single described representative (mol%)
: 63.0 (genome sequence).

Type genus
:
Thermoanaerobaculum
Losey et al. 2013
VP
.
A
rcanobacterium
Authors: Lämmler Christoph , Sammra Osama , Kämpfer Peter , Glaeser Stefanie P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Ar.ca.no.bac.te'ri.um. L. masc. adj.
arcanus
secret, hidden, secretive; N.L. neut. n.
bacterium
a small rod; N.L. neut. n.
Arcanobacterium
secretive bacterium.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Actinomycetales / Actinomycetaceae / Arcanobacterium

Slender, irregular, bacillary forms predominate during the first 18 h of growth; many cells are arranged at an angle to give V formations. As growth proceeds, cells become granular and segmented so that they resemble small and irregular cocci. Both rods and coccoid cells are Gram‐stain‐positive, non‐acid‐fast, and nonmotile; endospores are not formed. Facultatively anaerobic; growth is considerably enhanced in an atmosphere of increased CO
2
tension. Growth is sparse on ordinary media, but enhanced by blood or serum. The optimum temperature for growth is 37°C. Organisms will not withstand heating at 60°C for 15 min. Chemoorganotrophic, having a fermentative type of carbohydrate metabolism. Fermentation end products include acetic and lactic acids; the amount of succinic acid produced may vary from species to species and may even be difficult to detect. Catalase‐positive and ‐negative. Nitrate reduction is usually negative. Characteristic amino acids of the cell‐wall peptidoglycan of those species whose peptidoglycan has been examined in detail are based on
l
‐lysine. Other chemotaxonomic properties include rhamnose and glucose as diagnostic whole‐cell sugars, lack of mycolic acids, and
N
‐acetylated muramic acid residue of the peptidoglycan and MK‐9 (H
4
) as the major respiratory quinone.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 50–57.

Type species
:
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
Collins et al. 1982b, VL10.
A
cidothermus
Authors: Berry Alison M. , Normand Philippe 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

A.ci.do.ther'mus. L. masc. adj.
acidus
sour, acid; Gr. masc. adj.
thermus
hot; N.L. masc. n.
Acidothermus
acid and hot (loving).

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Acidothermales / Acidothermaceae / Acidothermus

The genus
Acidothermus
contains a single species,
Acidothermus cellulolyticus
, isolated from a thermal spring, consisting of rods and filaments without endospores, without flagella, and with a variable Gram stain. The cells are thermophilic, acidophilic, and grow on several carbon sources including
d
‐glucose, cellobiose, xylans, and cellulose.

DNA G
+
C content
(
mol
%): 66.9 (determined by complete genome sequencing).

Type species
:
Acidothermus cellulolyticus
Mohagheghi et al. 1986
VP
.
D
esulfohalotomaculum
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Fukui Manabu , Kuever Jan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

De.sul.fo.ha.lo.to.ma'cu.lum. L. pref.
de
from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
sulfur; Gr. masc. n.
hals
the sea, salt; L. neut. n.
tomaculum
sausage; N.L. neut. n.
Desulfohalotomaculum
a sausage‐shaped, salt‐requiring, sulfate reducer.

Desulfotomaculota (Firmicutes_B) / Desulfotomaculia / Desulfotomaculales / Desulfohalotomaculaceae / Desulfohalotomaculum

Cells are curved rods. Gram‐stain‐negative, but electron microscopy demonstrated a typically Gram‐positive cell‐wall structure. Oval spores occur terminal of cells. Motile with polar flagellum. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory and fermentative type of metabolism. Mesophilic and neutrophilic. Growth occurs in the range of 1–14% NaCl concentration with an optimum at 6%. Chemoorganoheterotroph using organic acids and alcohols. Chemolithoheterotrophic growth with H
2
plus CO
2
is possible in the presence of 1 g l
−1
of yeast extract. Substrates are incompletely oxidized to acetate. Yeast extract is required for growth. Sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate are electron acceptors and reduced to sulfide; elemental sulfur, nitrate, and fumarate are not utilized. Grows by fermentation of pyruvate but not on lactate. Found in an oilfield brine in France.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 56.3 (LC).

Type species
:
Desulfohalotomaculum halophilum
Watanabe et al. 2018
VP
(basonym:
Desulfotomaculum halophilum
Tardy‐Jacquenod et al. 1998).
D
esulforadius

gen. nov.
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Fukui Manabu , Kuever Jan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

De.sul.fo.ra'di.us. L. pref.
de
from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
sulfur; L. masc. n.
radius
a staff, rod; N.L. masc. n.
Desulforadius
a sulfate‐reducing rod.

Desulfotomaculota (Firmicutes_B) / Desulfotomaculia / Desulfotomaculales / Desulfohalotomaculaceae /
Desulforadius
gen. nov.

Cells are Gram‐positive rods. Spores occur terminal of cells. Motile with a polar flagellum. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory type of metabolism. Thermophilic and neutrophilic. NaCl is required for growth. Chemoorganoheterotroph using pyruvate, which is incompletely oxidized to acetate and CO
2
. Chemolithoheterotrophic growth on H
2
and CO
2
in the presence of yeast extract. Yeast extract, peptone, or vitamins are required for growth. Sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate are used as electron acceptors; elemental sulfur, iron (III) citrate, or nitrate is not utilized. Pyruvate is not fermented. Desulfoviridin and
c
‐type cytochromes are not observed in crude bacterial extracts. The major cellular fatty acids are C
16:0
and C
18:1
ω7
c
. Found in a hydrothermal vent sediment collected from the Tofua Arc in the Tonga Trench.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 53.9 (LC).

Type species:
Desulforadius tongensis
comb. nov. (basonyms:
Desulfotomaculum tongense
Cha et al. 2013, VL156;
Desulfohalotomaculum tongense
Watanabe et al. 2018).
YAG:Ce3+ Transparent Ceramic Phosphors Brighten the Next‐Generation Laser‐Driven Lighting
Authors: Yao Qi , Hu Pan , Sun Peng , Liu Min , Dong Rui , Chao Kefu , Liu Yongfu , Jiang Jun , Jiang Haochuan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractY3Al5O12:Ce3+ (YAG:Ce3+) transparent ceramic phosphors (TCPs) are regarded as the most promising luminescent converter for laser‐driven (LD) lighting. High‐quality YAG:Ce3+ TCPs are still urgent for high efficiency LD lighting devices. YAG:Ce3+ TCPs in a vacuum ambience by using nano‐sized raw materials are prepared. Controlling defects by adding nano‐sized MgO and SiO2 simultaneously enables a high transmittance nearly 80%. After annealing in air furthermore, the luminous efficiency is enhanced greatly from 106 to 223 lm W−1, which is the best result reported now for LD lighting. These results demonstrate that the optimizing YAG:Ce3+ TCPs in a fitting strategy will brighten once again in the next‐generation LD lighting. Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with a cathodoluminescence system, defects and Ce3+ distributions in grains are identified directly for the first time.