bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular and genetic regulation of pig pancreatic islet cell development
Authors: Kim Seokho , Whitener Robert L. , Peiris Heshan , Gu Xueying , Chang Charles A. , Lam Jonathan Y. , Camunas-Soler Joan , Park Insung , Bevacqua Romina J. , Tellez Krissie , Quake Stephen R. , Lakey Jonathan R. T. , Bottino Rita , Ross Pablo J. , Kim Seung K. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Reliance on rodents for understanding pancreatic genetics, development and islet function could limit progress in developing interventions for human diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Similarities of pancreas morphology and function suggest that porcine and human pancreas developmental biology may have useful homologies. However, little is known about pig pancreas development. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated fetal and neonatal pig pancreas at multiple, crucial developmental stages using modern experimental approaches. Purification of islet β-, α- and δ-cells followed by transcriptome analysis (RNA-seq) and immunohistology identified cell- and stage-specific regulation, and revealed that pig and human islet cells share characteristic features that are not observed in mice. Morphometric analysis also revealed endocrine cell allocation and architectural similarities between pig and human islets. Our analysis unveiled scores of signaling pathways linked to native islet β-cell functional maturation, including evidence of fetal α-cell GLP-1 production and signaling to β-cells. Thus, the findings and resources detailed here show how pig pancreatic islet studies complement other systems for understanding the developmental programs that generate functional islet cells, and that are relevant to human pancreatic diseases.
STIM1 interacts with termini of Orai channels in a sequential manner
Authors: Niu Liling , Wu Fuyun , Li Kaili , Li Jing , Zhang Shenyuan L. , Hu Junjie , Wang Qian 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is critical for numerous Ca2+-related processes. The activation of SOCE requires engagement between stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) molecules on the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca2+ release-activated channel (CRAC) Orai on the plasma membrane. However, the molecular details of their interactions remain elusive. Here, we analyzed STIM1-Orai interactions using synthetic peptides derived from the N- and C-termini of Orai channels (Orai-NT and Orai-CT, respectively) and purified fragments of STIM1. The binding of STIM1 to Orai-NT is hydrophilic based, whereas binding to the Orai-CT is mostly hydrophobic. STIM1 decreases its affinity for Orai-CT when Orai-NT is present, supporting a stepwise interaction. Orai3-CT exhibits stronger binding to STIM1 than Orai1-CT, largely due to the shortness of one helical turn. The role of newly identified residues was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and Ca2+ imaging using full-length molecules. Our results provide important insight into CRAC gating by STIM1.
Risk-Based Loan Pricing: Portfolio Optimization Approach with Marginal Risk Contribution
Authors: Chun So Yeon , Lejeune Miguel A. 
Published: February 2020

We consider a lender (bank) that determines the optimal loan price (interest rate) to offer to prospective borrowers under uncertain borrower response and default risk. A borrower may or may not accept the loan at the price offered, and both the principal loaned and the interest income become uncertain because of the risk of default. We present a risk-based loan pricing optimization framework that explicitly takes into account the marginal risk contribution, the portfolio risk, and a borrower’s acceptance probability. Marginal risk assesses the incremental risk contribution of a prospective loan to the bank’s overall portfolio risk by capturing the dependencies between the prospective loan and the existing portfolio and is evaluated with respect to the value-at-risk and conditional value-at-risk measures. We examine the properties and computational challenges of the formulations. We design a reformulation method based on the concavifiability concept to transform the nonlinear objective functions and to derive equivalent mixed-integer nonlinear reformulations with convex continuous relaxations. We also extend the approach to multiloan pricing problems, which feature explicit loan selection decisions in addition to pricing decisions. We derive formulations with multiple loans that take the form of mixed-integer nonlinear problems with nonconvex continuous relaxations and develop a computationally efficient algorithmic method. We provide numerical evidence demonstrating the value of the proposed framework, test the computational tractability, and discuss managerial implications. This paper was accepted by Chung Piaw Teo, optimization.
Fragile alliances: culture, funding and sustainability in police–academic partnerships
Authors: Bacon Matthew , Shapland Joanna , Skinns Layla , White Adam 
Published: February 2020

Background
Police–academic partnerships have developed significantly over the past decade or so, spurred on by the expansion of the evidence-based policing movement, the increasing value attached to impactful research in the academy, the ascendance of the professionalisation agenda in the police, and the growing necessity of cross-sectoral collaborations under conditions of post-financial crisis austerity. This trend has given rise to a burgeoning literature in the discipline of criminology which is concerned with charting the progress of these partnerships and setting out the ideal conditions for their future expansion.

Aims and objectives
we advance a sympathetic critique of this literature, adding a note of caution to its largely optimistic outlook.

Methods
we do this by combining a narrative review of the literature on police–academic partnerships with insights from elsewhere in the social sciences and observations from our experience of running the International Strand of the N8 Policing Research Partnership.

Findings and discussion
while we recognise that police–academic partnerships have certainly come a long way, and have the capacity to make important contributions to police work, we argue that they remain ‘fragile’ alliances, beset with fractious occupational cultures, unreliable funding streams and unsustainable inter-institutional relationships. We also reason that the structures underpinning this ‘fragility’ do not represent problems to be overcome, for they help to protect the integrity of the two professions.

Conclusion
we conclude by offering pragmatic measures for sustaining police–academic partnerships during those difficult periods characterised by cultural dissonance, a paucity of funding and the turnover of key personnel.
Effective Technology Supported Writing Strategies for Learners With Disabilities
Authors: Smith Sean J. , Lowrey K. Alisa , Rowland Amber L. , Frey Bruce 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Recent literature has shown the positive impact of supporting writing instruction with technology for students who struggle with writing, including those with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Based on a yearlong study involving general and special education teachers serving students in inclusive classrooms, we identified specific learning strategies that, when supported with efficient and effective technology, enhance writing outcomes for students with and without disabilities in inclusive settings. To facilitate data collection and assist teachers in identifying needed strategies and technology tools, we integrated a progress monitoring tool. With teachers collecting periodic data on classwide writing progress, instructors were able to offer more responsive instruction to meet the individualized needs of each learner, including those with IDD. These outcomes align with the recent American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and The Arc joint position statement promoting placement in the least restrictive environment, high expectations for all learners, academic integration into general education, the utilization of the Universal Design for Learning framework in designing curriculum and instructional supports, the use of evidence-based practices, increased student participation, and appropriate use of technology. Results of this yearlong study are shared and recommendations for inclusive writing instruction are provided.
Planetary Boundaries and Corporate Reporting: The Role of the Conceptual Basis of the Corporation
Authors: Veldman Jeroen , Jansson Andreas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere is a broad call to integrate planetary boundaries and life-cycle based reporting into accounting theory and reporting standards. Although many practitioners back this call, including insurers, shareholders with a long-term orientation, and company law specialists who suggest that the inclusion of long-term stakeholder interests is necessary to counter both corporate and systemic risks, it remains unanswered. We argue that dominant assumptions about the status and architecture of corporations in corporate governance theory stand at the centre of this unanswered call in accounting theory and practice. As the status of the public corporation is interpreted as a nexus of contracts and its architecture as a restricted dyadic relation between ‘principals’ and ‘agents’, the object and audience for corporate reports are restricted to a very specific set of actors, interests and time-horizons. We argue that this conceptual setup unduly restricts notions of accountability and is connected to a specific notion of political economy. A broadening of reporting standards needs, therefore, to be accompanied by a critical assessment of the assumed object and audience of reporting in corporate governance theory.
Anaximenes’ ἀήρ as Generating Mist and Generated Air
Authors: Hobza Pavel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAnaximenes is usually considered to be a material monist recognizing transparent atmospheric air as a principle (ἀρχή). In the cosmogonic explanation of the origin of the earth and the heavenly bodies, the Greek term ἀήρ turns out to mean rather ‘opaque damp mist’. However, Not only does it accord with archaic usage, but also with how it was used in his mentor, Anaximander. Yet, in cosmology ἀήρ means ‘air’ serving as stuff on which the earth and the heavenly bodies float. Hence, in keeping with contemporary usage, Anaximenes recognised two kinds of ἀήρ, distinguishing them functionally. Whereas mist is conceived of as ageneratingsubstance, air functions only ascarryingstuff.
The influence of the cargo weight and its position on the braking characteristics of light commercial vehicles
Authors: Skrucany Tomas , Vrabel Jan , Kazimir Patrik 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe influence of the cargo weight loaded on the vehicle and the total gross mass of the vehicle on the braking characteristics is often researched from the road safety reason. However, there is not enough knowledge about the influence of weight and load distribution on the loading area of small trucks or vans on their braking characteristics. This article presents the results of measurements of braking decelerations of the van of N1 category and the braking characteristics of a vehicle loaded with different cargo mass with different cargo locations on the loading area. The impact of the longitudinal cargo position on the loading area on the load of the individual axles and thus on the braking deceleration of the vehicle was investigated. The influence of the height of the center of gravity on the dynamic axle load during braking was also determined. Method of direct vehicle deceleration measurement was used by a decelerometer. There were calculated cargo weight and cargo position influences on the dynamic axle load during braking according to the vehicle deceleration.
Análisis de la producción de fibra de vicuñas en semicautiverio y silvestría en Apurímac, Perú
Authors: Valenzuela Pinares Miguel Angel , Ramos De la Riva Víctor Alberto , Cárdenas Villanueva Ludwing Angel , Pezo Carreón Sergio Danilo 
Published: February 2020

El estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la producción de fibra de vicuña (Vicugna mensalis mensalis) en semicautiverio y silvestría entre 2008 y 2016 en la región Apurímac, Perú, así como determinar la población de vicuñas capturadas y esquiladas y el efecto del sexo, edad y sistema de manejo en la producción de fibra. La producción de fibra de vicuña en los nueve años del estudio fue de 2 623 kg, promedio anual de 295.7 kg, rendimiento de 152.76 g/vicuña esquilada y un rango de variación de 54-426 g. La producción de fibra tuvo una tasa de crecimiento anual de 9.45% y una tasa de captura de 10.34%. Al análisis factorial se encontró diferencia significativa (p<0.05) para las interacciones años, edad, sexo y efectos simples.
Jean Baptiste Colbert – A Theorist and a Practitioner
Authors: Pladis Benjaminas , Jasilionis Augustinas 
Published: February 2020

The main purpose of this article is to analyse the theoretical and practical work of Jean Baptiste Colbert – the grandee of French economics and the representative of mercantilism. This article deals with almost all areas of his work: state economy, trade policy, national defence, culture and art.
This article mainly focuses on economics. First of all, the article widely analyses the works of J. B. Colbert in the area of tax reform. Colbert focused on the shift in the tax load from the poor onto the pros­perous, not forgetting the simplification of tax ad­ministration. The ideas of Colbert, which remained purely theoretic, are introduced alongside.
In addition, Colbert focused on the industrial development of the country. The State promoted the establishment of manufactories, high-skilled labour imports, estimated the quality standards of produc­tion, aimed at the effective administration of supplies. Moreover, an effort was made to restrict imports and expand exports, as well as to establish transatlantic trade companies.
At the end of the article, other activities of Col­bert and changes in the situation after he passed away are briefly analysed.
This article is topical for today’s realities. Re­cent turmoil both in the global and in the national economy stimulates the search for analogies and methods of how similar situations were handled in the past.
Estimation of the Lithuanian Population Structure by Ethnolinguistic Groups
Authors: Jakaitienė Audronė , Kučinskas Vaidutis 
Published: February 2020

The studies about the homogeneity of the Lithuanian population according to ethnolinguistic groups were carried out in various areas – psychological, anthropological, genetic, etc. From diverse research results, we know that the ethnic Lithuanian population is not homogeneous. For the analysis of the Lithuanian population according to ethnolinguistic groups, one should first know the population structure according to the mentioned groups so that a two-stage stratified random sample could be drawn. As to author’s knowledge, there are no publications about the structure of the Lithuanian population by ethnolinguistic groups. Statistics Lithuania does not produce such information. In the paper, the expert estimation of the Lithuanian population structure by ethnolinguistic groups is provided, based on annual population figures at the beginning of the year (2001–2013) from Statistics Lithuania. According to final 2001 and preliminary 2011 population census data, it was calculated that the ethnic Lithuanian population consists of 24.5 per cent of žemaičiai and 75.5 per cent of aukštaičiai. The latter is rather the estimation of the Lithuanian population structure living in the ethnolinguistic areas than the structure of the Lithuanian population by ethnolinguistic groups. Therefore, the results obtained should be used as an approximate estimate of the Lithuanian population structure by ethnolinguistic groups in empirical studies.
Kliniğimizde Son Beş Yıllık İnterstisyel Akciğer Hastalığı Yönetimi
Authors: ÇİLEKAR Şule , DUMANLI Ahmet Dumanlı , ÖZ Gürhan , ÇAKIROĞLU Fatih , GUNAY Ersin 
Published: February 2020

Giriş: İnterstisyel akciğer hastalıkları (İAH); akciğer parankiminde yaygın olarak inflamasyon ve fibrozis oluşmasıdır. Genellikle kronik seyirli, klinik, radyolojik ve patolojik olarak benzerlik gösteren yüzlerce hastalığı kapsar. Hastalığa yol açan etken idiyopatik olabileceği gibi mesleki hastalıklar, enfeksiyonlar, ilaçlar gibi çevresel faktörlere bağlı da olabilir. Sarkoidoz, kalıtsal hastalıklar ve kollajen doku hastalıkları gibi otoimmün ve sistemik hastalıkların bir parçası olarak da ortaya çıkabilir. Bizde kliniğimizde son beş yıldır tedavi ve takip ettiğimiz 402 adet İAH tanılı hastamızın dosyalarını inceledik. Tanı ve tedavi yaklaşımlarımızı paylaşmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Çalışmada Haziran 2012–Haziran 2018 yılları arasında , Göğüs Hastalıkları Kliniğimie başvuran İnterstisyel Akciğer Hastalığı tanısı alan hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak taranmıştır. Bulgular: Olguların yaş ortalaması 65.21±15.44 olup, 199’u (%49.5) kadın ve 203’ ü (%55) erkekti. Hastaların 380’inde (%94.5) nefes darlığı, 269’unda (%66.9) öksürük, 88’inde (%21.9) balgam, 11’inde (%2.7) hemoptizi, 11’inde (%2.7) göğüs ağrısı şikayeti mevcuttu. Posterio anterior akciğer (PA) grafilerinde 164 (%40.8) hastada çizgisel ve retiküler opasiteler, buzlu cam opasiteleri, periferik ve alt zonlarda belirginleşen kaba retiküler ve retikülonodüler opasiteler vardı. Hastaların 386’sına (%96) solunum fonksiyon testi yapıldı. Solunum fonksiyon testlerinde 14 (%3.5) obstrüktif tipte, 72 (%17.9) restriktif tipte, 120 (%29.9) mikst tipte, 180 (%44.8) normal sınırlardaydı. Hastalar İAH alt tanılarına göre değerlendirildiğinde 168’i (%41.8) undiferansiye interstisyel akciğer hastalığı, 96’sı (%23.9) İdiyopatik pulmoner fibrozis mevcuttu. Sonuç: İAH yaşam kalitesini ileri derece düşürdüğünden uygun hasta yönetimi önemlidir. Bu hastalık multidisipliner bir yaklaşımı gerekmektedir. Kuru öksürük ve nefes darlığı ile başvuran ve radyolojik olarak interstisyel tutulum olan hastalarda İAH akılda tutulmalıdır.
Outbreak of enteric fever: a fact finding mission
Authors: Pardal Maninder Pal Singh , Minhas Sukhmeet 
Published: February 2020

Background: In September 2019, a large number of fever cases among troops and families in a military station in Maharashtra were admitted to the local Military Hospital. Detailed epidemiological investigations revealed the cause to be an outbreak of enteric fever due to sewage contamination of drinking water.Methods: A detailed site survey was undertaken; and a descriptive epidemiological study was carried out. Routine haemogram, blood culture, antibiotic sensitivity test besides serotyping of the isolates were carried out.Results: In all 28 cases who fulfilled the case definition criteria were admitted in the month of September 2019. Out of these 21 (75%) were confirmed by blood culture, while the remaining were probable cases. Bacteriological examination reports of water samples taken from various source as well as consumer end points both prior to beginning of the outbreak and during the outbreak revealed a high presumptive coliform count. Spatial and temporal clustering of cases was suggestive of common source outbreak. On 16 September 2019 exploration by digging was carried out undertaken which revealed massive leakage of water in close proximity to the overflowing manholes. The outbreak was promptly controlled after detection of this pipeline and provision of alternative source of water supply to the affected area.Conclusions: Salmonella enterica serovar typhi has been implicated in many outbreaks through history. The present outbreak was a common source focal outbreak due to sewage contamination of drinking water in a few areas in the station.
Conceitos ecológicos e sustentabilidade ambiental na rede hoteleira da Costa do Descobrimento, Bahia, Brasil
Authors: Haun Rodrigo M , Martinez Romari A 
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho identificou e analisou a utilização de conceitos ecológicos, de sustentabilidade e de respeito ao meio ambiente em hotéis da Costa do Descobrimento. Por estar dentro do corredor central da Mata Atlântica, próxima de importantes centros de endemismo, esperava-se que os empreendimentoslocaismostrasem certo grau de preocupação pela preservação ambiental. Para a coleta de dados, realizaram-se visitas técnicas a 13 hotéis de grande porte, onde foi preenchido um questionário seguindo um roteiro elaborado segundo as normas ABNTNBR-15401 e a portaria MinTur100/2011. Analisaram-se também materiais de marketing, folders e sites. Os resultados, traduzidos a um índice de parametrização da sustentabilidade, mostraram que a indústria hoteleira pouco contribui com as questões sócio-ambientais regionais, apresentando preocupações voltadas mais para a economia do que para a sustentabilidade ou ecologia. Encontrou- na publicidade uma série de pormenores que caracterizam alguns dos “pecados do greenwashing” como “falta de provas”, “incerteza” e “mentira”. Entretanto, é possível afirmar que a rede hoteleira ora analisada realiza sim certas ações condizentes com práticas sustentáveis.
PENCAPAIAN TARGET STOP BUANG AIR BESAR SEMBARANGAN DI KELURAHAN KELAYAN TENGAH KOTA BANJARMASIN ACHIEVEMENT OF OPEN DEFECATION FREE IN KELURAHAN KELAYAN TENGAH BANJARMASIN CITY
Authors: Mazaya Gusti Ihda 
Published: February 2020

Target strategi sanitasi (SSK) Kota Banjarmasin tahun 2014-2019 agar praktek buang air besar sembarangan (BABs) diturunkan sampai 0% pada tahun 2019. Kelurahan Kelayan Tengah merupakan salah satu kelurahan di Kota Banjarmasin yang dikategorikan sebagai zona resiko sanitasi yang tinggi berdasarkan jumlah cakupan jamban per keluarga dan tingkat BABs. Kelurahan Kelayan Tengah dekat dengan sungai Kelayan, hal ini menyebabkan masyarakat masih banyak yang melakukan praktek BABs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pencapaian target stop BABs dengan sistem penyaluran air limbah (SPAL) menggunakan sistem terpusat dan instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) Komunal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan kajian literatur terkait penelitian, survei lapangan, analisis data kuesioner, dan perencanaan SPAL di RT 14,15,20 dan 21. Kuesioner sebanyak 75 responden, berdasarkan dari rumah yang belum memiliki jamban. Aspek yang dianalisa meliputi aspek teknis dan sosial. Untuk pencapaian target stop buang air besar sembarangan dilakukan kegiatan pemicuan, merencanakan SPAL dan IPAL komunal dengan menggunakan anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR), didesain untuk 150 sambungan rumah.Lokasi penempatan IPAL di SD Kelayan Tengah 2. Kata kunci: Sanitasi, BABs, SPAL, IPAL. Target of strategy sanitation Banjarmasin city 2014 to 2019 is that the practice of open defecation free (ODF) reduced to 0 % at 2019. Kelayan Tengah village is one of village in Banjarmasin city categorized as a high risk of sanitary zone based on total toilet of family and ODF level. Kelayan Tengah village located near with kelayan river, This causes the society practice of ODF. This study aims to assess ODF with applying off-site sanitation system of sewerage system and communal waste water treatment plant (WWTP). This study was commenced by reviewing relavan literatures, conducting field survey, analysis data of questionnaire, and design of sewerage system and WWTP in the neighborhood association (rukun tetangga/RT) 14, 15, 20, and 21. Questionnaire was fulfilled by 75 respondents whose houses do not have toilet. The analysis included the assessment of technical aspect, and sosial aspect. Endeavors toward ODF with an effort to disseminate, establishment of sewerage system, and communal WWTP used anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR), sewerage system covers 150 house connections. Establishment of WWTF in selementary school of Kelayan Tengah 2. Keywords: Sanitation, ODF, sewerage system, WWTP