bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Opto‐electronic Properties of BODIPY o‐OPhos Systems
Authors: Anitha Thipanni , Mrinalini Madoori , Vani Damera , Prasanthkumar Seelam , Rajender Reddy Kallu , Giribabu Lingamallu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHerein, we report the versatile synthetic strategy and opto‐electronic properties for the phosphorylation of BODIPY derivatives 5aa‐5ak by substituting with an electron‐donating/withdrawing group at the ortho position. Nevertheless, this new methodology relatively promotes the tolerance of the aldehyde moiety and the high yield for the synthesis of BODIPY o‐OPhos derivatives. The photophysical studies suggest improved optical properties due to the inductive effect of various electron‐donating/withdrawing groups. The UV‐visible and the emission data suggest that BODIPY o‐OPhos derivatives emphasize the property of the excited states with an increase in fluorescence intensity and high quantum yields due to the presence of bulky phospsho‐triester at the meso‐ position which hinders the free rotation around the C‐Ar bond and facilitates the development of OLEDs and various organophosphorus warfare agents. Electrochemical studies reveal 5ak depicts the ease of redox activity amongst the 5aa‐5ak derivatives. The density functional theory indicates the highest occupied molecular orbital on the BODIPY moiety whereas the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital delocalized on BODIPY and the phospho‐triester moieties. Thus, the unique development of the novel BODIPY derivatives with improved optical and redox properties pave the way for fluorescent probes and bioimaging techniques.
Infinite Prospects*
Authors: Russell Jeffrey Sanford , Isaacs Yoaav 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPeople with the kind of preferences that give rise to the St. Petersburg paradox are problematic—but not because there is anything wrong with infinite utilities. Rather, such people cannot assign the St. Petersburg gamble any value that any kind of outcome could possibly have. Their preferences also violate an infinitary generalization of Savage's Sure Thing Principle, which we call the Countable Sure Thing Principle, as well as an infinitary generalization of von Neumann and Morgenstern's Independence axiom, which we call Countable Independence. In violating these principles, they display foibles like those of people who deviate from standard expected utility theory in more mundane cases: they choose dominated strategies, pay to avoid information, and reject expert advice. We precisely characterize the preference relations that satisfy Countable Independence in several equivalent ways: a structural constraint on preferences, a representation theorem, and the principle we began with, that every prospect has a value that some outcome could have.
Trump on the Trail: Assessing the Impact of Presidential Campaign Visits on Voting Behavior in the 2018 Midterm Elections
Authors: Abramowitz Alan , Panagopoulos Costas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this article, we examine the impact of President Donald Trump's visits on the campaign trail in the November 2018 midterm elections. We find that President Trump's visits failed to either boost overall state‐level turnout or support for GOP U.S. Senate candidates in these elections. The results reinforce the notion that presidential capacity to influence voting behavior is limited, especially in an era of deep partisan polarization when partisan identity and other, more fundamental considerations shape vote choice and turnout decisions.
Features of autonomic cardiovascular control during cognition in major depressive disorder
Authors: Bair Angela , Marksteiner Josef , Falch Reingard , Ettinger Ulrich , Reyes del Paso Gustavo A. , Duschek Stefan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrevious research has suggested reduced parasympathetic cardiac regulation during cognitive activity in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about possible abnormalities in sympathetic control and cardiovascular reactivity. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of autonomic cardiovascular control in the context of executive functions in MDD. Thirty six MDD patients and 39 healthy controls participated. Parameters of sympathetic (pre‐ejection period, PEP) and parasympathetic control (high and low frequency heart rate variability, HF HRV, LF HRV; and baroreflex sensitivity, BRS) as well as RR interval were obtained at rest and during performance of executive function tasks (number‐letter task, n‐back task, continuous performance test, and Stroop task). Patients, as compared to controls, exhibited lower HF HRV and LF HRV during task execution and smaller shortenings in PEP and RR interval between baseline and tasks. They displayed longer reaction times during all conditions of the tasks and more omission errors and false alarms on the continuous performance test. In the total sample, on‐task HF HRV, LF HRV and BRS, and reactivity in HF HRV, LF HRV, and PEP, were positively associated with task performance. As performance reduction arose independent of executive function load of the tasks, the behavioral results reflect impairments in attention and processing speed rather than executive dysfunctions in MDD. Abnormalities in cardiovascular control during cognition in MDD appear to involve both divisions of the autonomic nervous system. Low tonic parasympathetic control and blunted sympathetic reactivity imply reduced physiological adjustment resources and, by extension, provide suboptimal conditions for cognitive performance.
Cooling is the predominant strategy to alleviate the effects of heat stress on dairy cows
Authors: Roth Zvi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReduced reproductive performance of lactating cows during the summer is associated mainly with intensive genetic selection for high milk production, which places a great load on the thermoregulatory mechanism. In the last decades, a big effort has been made to explore the mechanism by which heat stress compromises fertility. The data gained so far revealed that the effect of thermal stress on the female reproductive tract is multifactorial in nature. Based on this understanding, new strategies to mitigate the effect of heat stress have been developed. The review summarizes some of the physiological responses of the cow to elevated temperature and discusses its limitations to maintain normothermia. The review emphasizes that cooling is the predominant strategy used today to alleviate the effects of heat stress. Findings from the Israel dairy herd indicate that efficient cooling management can improve milk production during the summer to a similar level of the winter, expressed by summer to winter ratio of 0.98. However, cooling as a singular approach cannot eliminate the decline in reproduction. Nonetheless, an efficient cooling system is a prerequisite for any other strategy. The review suggests additional hormonal treatments to improve reproductive performance during the summer. Given the complexity of heat stress effects on reproduction, comprehensive reproductive management during the summer is suggested, that is combining two or more strategies in a programme, might be more beneficial.
Adaptability versus certainty in a carbon emissions reduction regime: An assessment of the EU’s 2030 Climate and Energy Policy Framework
Authors: Torney Diarmuid , O’Gorman Roderic 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Paris Agreement moves away from top‐down agreed national targets towards a bottom‐up system in which each party submits regular nationally determined contributions (NDCs). The Agreement outlines a highly adaptable process in which, every five years, parties are required to update their NDCs, which must represent a progression on their existing contribution. This article analyses the extent to which the European Union’s 2030 Climate and Energy Policy Framework has created an adaptable structure that reflects the Paris Agreement’s ratchet mechanism. The article contrasts this approach with the carbon budget process adopted under the United Kingdom’s Climate Change Act. The article assesses the respective advantages and disadvantages of creating a system where targets are easily increased on a medium‐term basis allowing responsiveness to changed circumstances such as scientific data indicating the need for more rapid emission reductions, versus a stable system that provides greater certainty for economic actors.
Effect of fullerene nanoemulsion on the repair of wrinkles induced by UVB radiation: A c57bl6 mice model
Authors: Estaji Mohadese , Mokhtari‐Dizaji Manijhe , Movahedin Mansoureh , Padash Arash , Ghaffari Khaligh Sahar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe effect of fullerene nanoemulsion on skin wrinkle repair in an animal model was evaluated using ultrasonic images processing.MethodsWrinkles were created in C57BL6 mice during 35 days of UVB radiation. Then, to investigate the therapeutic effect of fullerene nanoemulsions, mice were divided into three groups of control, UVB radiation, and treatment with fullerene nanoemulsion. Stable fullerene nanoemulsions were prepared using shear equalization. The therapeutic effect of fullerene nanoemulsion was investigated by extracting the skin thickness and mechanical parameters. Histology studies were performed to confirm the reliability of the treatment.ResultsA significant decrease was observed in the thickness of the epidermis and dermis layers (43% and 36%), Young modulus (27%), and the shear modulus (20%) of the skin on day 28 of the fullerene nanoemulsion treatment. Skin stiffness obtained by tensiometry on day 28 of the treatment showed a 48% reduction in the treatment group compared with the control group. Histological results confirmed the effect of fullerene nanoemulsions on wrinkle repair.ConclusionThe healing effect of fullerene nanoemulsion in wrinkle repair was confirmed. To study the skin repair, parameters including Young modulus, the shear modulus, and skin layer thickness can be calculated using ultrasonic images processing.
Polarization and American Jews: The Partisan Debate Over Attribution of Blame and Responsibility for Rising Anti‐Semitism in the United States
Authors: Becker Amy B. 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveThe research considers the relative influence of political ideology and partisan vote choice on perceptions of Democratic versus Republican responsibility for the level of anti‐Semitism in the United States and the perception of anti‐Semitic threat posed by the extreme political right versus the extreme political left.MethodsAnalysis of data from the American Jewish Committee's 2019 American Jewish Attitudes About Anti‐Semitism Survey (N = 1,283 Jewish Americans ages 18+).ResultsHierarchical OLS regression shows that attributions of Democratic versus Republican blame or responsibility for anti‐Semitism and perceptions of threat are primarily explained by political ideology and partisan vote choice over and above awareness, engagement, or personal experience with anti‐Semitism.ConclusionThe implications of the findings are considered in light of the contemporary political context shaped by Donald Trump's December 2019 “Executive Order on Combating Anti‐Semitism,” the rise of anti‐Semitic violence in the United States, and the increasing support for the Boycott, Divest, Sanctions movement.
The Impact of Muslim Religious Accommodations on Subjective Well‐Being Among Christian Majorities and Nonattendees: Evidence from the European Social Survey, 2002–2008
Authors: Kwon Ronald , McCaffree Kevin , Taylor Caroline 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveIn this article, we examine how religious accommodations for Muslim minorities impact subjective well‐being (SWB) among Christian and nonattendee respondents in Western European countries.MethodsWe apply hierarchal linear modeling and fixed effects regressions on data drawn from the European Social Survey (2002–2008).ResultsWe find that religious accommodations at the country level are negatively associated with lower SWB among both Christian and nonattendee respondents. However, the effect is substantially greater for nonattendees.ConclusionAlthough the threat and coalition theses are often argued as competing positions, we posit they may be complementary perspectives.
At Dalits’ Feet: Archival Resources of Counteraction
Authors: Laine Anna 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTDalits’ bodies are archives of structural violence and discrimination based on caste. Through a process‐based notion of the archive, and close attention to Dalit counterforces, the current artistic–anthropological project addresses potentials for increased epistemic and social justice. This article reflects upon collaborative photographic inquiries of casteism during fieldwork within Tamil communities, analyzed through the concept “body as archive” and curated into the exhibition At Dalits’ Feet. This article demonstrates how a critical and multisensorial approach, in front of the camera and in the gallery, can challenge and refigure Dalit experiences and memories of casteism archived in both collective and individual bodies.
New Electrocardiographic Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: Di Marco Andrea , Rodriguez Marcos , Cinca Juan , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Ortiz‐Perez Jose T. , Ariza‐Solé Albert , Sanchez‐Salado Jose Carlos , Sionis Alessandro , Rodriguez Jany , Toledano Beatriz , Codina Pau , Solé‐González Eduard , Masotti Monica , Gómez‐Hospital Joan Antoni , Cequier Ángel , Anguera Ignasi 
Published: July 2020

Background

Current electrocardiographic algorithms lack sensitivity to diagnose acute myocardial infarction (
AMI
) in the presence of left bundle branch block.

Methods and Results

A multicenter retrospective cohort study including consecutive patients with suspected
AMI
and left bundle branch block, referred for primary percutaneous coronary intervention between 2009 and 2018. Pre‐2015 patients formed the derivation cohort (n=163, 61 with
AMI
); patients between 2015 and 2018 formed the validation cohort (n=107, 40 with
AMI
). A control group of patients without suspected
AMI
was also studied (n=214). Different electrocardiographic criteria were tested. A total of 484 patients were studied. A new electrocardiographic algorithm (
BARCELONA
algorithm) was derived and validated. The algorithm is positive in the presence of
ST
deviation ≥1 mm (0.1 mV) concordant with
QRS
polarity, in any lead, or
ST
deviation ≥1 mm (0.1 mV) discordant with the
QRS
, in leads with max (R|S) voltage (the voltage of the largest deflection of the
QRS
, ie, R or S wave) ≤6 mm (0.6 mV). In both the derivation and the validation cohort, the
BARCELONA
algorithm achieved the highest sensitivity (93%–95%), negative predictive value (96%–97%), efficiency (91%–94%) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.92–0.93), significantly higher than previous electrocardiographic rules (
P
<0.01); the specificity was good in both groups (89%–94%) as well as the control group (90%).

Conclusions

In patients with left bundle branch block referred for
primary percutaneous coronary intervention
, the
BARCELONA
algorithm was specific and highly sensitive for the diagnosis of
AMI
, leading to a diagnostic accuracy comparable to that obtained by
ECG
in patients without left bundle branch block.
Trends of Clinical Outcomes and Health Care Resource Use in Heart Failure in the United States
Authors: Khan Safi U. , Khan Muhammad Zia , Alkhouli Mohamad 
Published: July 2020

Background
Heart failure (HF) imparts a significant clinical and economic burden on the health system in the United States.

Methods and Results

We used the National Inpatient Sample database between September 2002 and December 2016. We examined trends of comorbidities, inpatient mortality, and healthcare resource use in patients admitted with acute HF. Outcomes were adjusted for demographic variables, comorbidities, and inflation. A total of 11 806 679 cases of acute HF hospitalization were identified. The burden of coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, valvular heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, anemia, cancer, depression, and chronic kidney disease among patients admitted with acute HF increased over time. The adjusted mortality decreased from 6.8% in 2002 to 4.9% in 2016 (
P‐
trend<0.001; average annual decline, 1.99%), which was consistent across age, sex, and race. The adjusted mean length of stay decreased from 8.6 to 6.5 days (
P
<0.001), but discharge disposition to a long‐term care facility increased from 20.8% to 25.6% (
P
<0.001). The inflation adjusted mean cost of stay increased from $14 301 to $17 925 (
P
<0.001) (average annual increase, 1.52%), which was partially explained by the higher proportion of procedures (echocardiogram, right heart catheterization, use of ventricular assist devices, coronary artery bypass grafting) and the higher incidence of HF complications (cardiogenic shock, respiratory failure, ventilator, and renal failure requiring dialysis).

Conclusions
This national data set showed that despite increasing medical complexities, there was significant reduction in inpatient mortality and length of stay. However, these measures were counterbalanced by a higher proportion of discharge disposition to long‐term care facilities and expensive cost of care.
Free-living nematode communities in a large and deep oligotrophic lake in Europe: comparison of different depth zones of Lake Constance (Germany)
Authors: Traunspurger Walter , Witthöft-Mühlmann André , Höss Sebastian 
Published: July 2020

Summary
This study investigated the abundance, biomass, species richness, species distribution and feeding types of free-living nematodes in Lake Constance, a deep, oligotrophic lake in Germany. Three water depth zones, the sublittoral (13-30 m water depth), profundal (31-99 m) and deep profundal (100-250 m), were distinguished and 16 sites from each water depth zone were sampled. A high nematode species richness was determined at all three zones, with 129 species in the sublittoral, 113 in the profundal and 92 in the deep profundal. In total, 171 nematode species were identified in this study. The dominant species (relative abundance > 5%) in all water depths were Ethmolaimus pratensis, Eumonhystera filiformis, E. longicaudatula, E. vulgaris and E. andrassyi, Hofmaenneria brachystoma, Ironus tenuicaudatus, Monhystera paludicola/stagnalis, Prismatolaimus intermedius and Tobrilus gracilis. High mean densities of 507-730 indiv. 10 cm−2 were found at each water depth, with a mean overall density of 627 indiv. 10 cm−2. The high abundance resulted in a high mean biomass (1.19 mg wet weight 10 cm−2; range 0.92-1.37 mg wet weight 10 cm−2) for nematodes in Lake Constance. Deposit feeders were the dominant feeding type at all water depth zones (51.7%), followed by epistrate feeders (17.6%), chewers-omnivores (15.9%) and chewers-predators (11.0%). Suction feeders accounted for <4% in the lake as a whole. The structure of the nematode communities in the three zones correlated with sediment texture (water content, clay content), as well as total sulphur and nutrient-related parameters (ATP, bacteria, algae, C:N ratio).
Signs of Greek Education in the Book of Judith
Authors: Mortensen Jacob P.B. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article examines Judith’s prayer in chapter 9 of the book of Judith from the perspective of the guidelines on speech-in-character found in Aelius Theon’s Progymnasmata (mid/end of the first century CE). According to the guidelines, it is important for an author of prose to achieve correspondence between the literary persona and the actual speech-in-character. This article examines the extent to which Judith’s prayer in chapter 9 observes Theon’s guidelines, as well as the theological implications of this.
Cryptococcal Anterior Glottic Web from Disseminated Infection Presenting as Confusion: A Case Report
Authors: Haught Erica , Roberts Christopher , McChesney Jason 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: To educate healthcare providers on Cryptococcus neoformans as a novel cause of glottic webs especially in an immunocompromised patient and discuss recurrence of the glottic web. This case also emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive patient evaluation in cases such as this, as laryngeal involvement in this case was only a portion of the patient’s disease burden. Methods: An extensive review of the patient’s clinical course was assessed including patient presentation, diagnostic techniques, medical and surgical treatment, and complications. Results: Prolonged Fluconazole therapy and two excisions of the glottic web, the second with keel placement, was an effective treatment course for our patient. Conclusion: Cryptococcal glottic webs are rare, and this case report demonstrates successful treatment in one such case with operative intervention following medical management of disseminated disease.
Predicting Nasal Soft Tissue Envelope Thickness for Rhinoplasty: A Model Based on Visual Examination of the Nose
Authors: Dey Jacob K. , Recker Chelsey A. , Olson Michael D. , Bowen Andrew J. , Hamilton Grant S. 
Published: July 2020

Importance: Predicting nasal soft tissue envelope (STE) thickness is an important component of the preoperative evaluation for rhinoplasty that presently lacks validated tools. Objective: Assess for patient facial features and factors that can help predict nasal STE thickness. Design, Setting, and Participants: Retrospective review and prospective assessment conducted at an academic tertiary referral center. This study included 190 adult patients and four expert raters. The patients had high-resolution maxillofacial CT scans and standardized facial photographs on file and did not have a history of nasal fracture, septal perforation, rhinoplasty, or other surgery or medical conditions altering nasal form. Main Outcomes and Measures: Assess each face for features that could help predict nasal STE thickness: sebaceous quality of skin, visibility of nasal tip cartilages, presence of freckles, presence of telangiectasias, Fitzpatrick skin type, patient age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Measure actual nasal STE thickness using high-resolution CT scans. Analyze which facial features and patient factors help predict nasal STE thickness. Results: Pearson correlations were calculated between actual nasal STE thickness and patient facial features and factors. These showed that more sebaceous skin, telangiectasias, higher Fitzpatrick skin type, male sex, and higher BMI were associated with a thicker nasal STE. Increased visibility of nasal tip cartilages, freckles, lower Fitzpatrick skin type, female sex, and lower BMI were associated with a thinner nasal STE. Conclusions and Relevance: There are patient facial features and factors that can help surgeons predict nasal STE thickness before rhinoplasty. An accurate prediction of nasal STE thickness can improve preoperative planning for rhinoplasty, allowing implementation of pre-, intra-, and post-operative treatments to optimize the nasal STE, which may ultimately improve patient outcomes and satisfaction.