bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cartilage Tissue and Therapeutic Strategies for Cartilage Repair
Authors: Khajeh Sahar , Bozorg-Ghalati Farzaneh , Zare Mina , Panahi Ghodratollah , Razban Vahid 
Published: June 2020

:
High incidence of articular cartilage defects is still a major challenge in
orthopedic and trauma surgery worldwide. It also has great socioeconomic effects as it is
the major cause of disability in industrialized countries. This highlights the essential need
for new treatments. Knowledge about the factors that have been implicated in the
pathogenesis of cartilage diseases, including changes in the composition and structure
of cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM), molecular factors and environmental
signaling pathways could help the development of innovative therapeutic strategies.

:
It is consensuses that the success of any technology aiming to repair chondral defects
will be dependent upon its ability to produce tissues that most closely replicate the
mechanical and biochemical properties of native cartilage. Increasing the knowledge
about cartilage tissue and its molecular biomarkers could help find new and useful
therapeutic approaches in cartilage damage. This review tries to describe cartilage
tissue biology in detail and discuss different available therapeutic modalities with their
pros and cons. New cartilage regeneration strategies and therapies, focusing on cellbased
therapy and tissue engineering, and their underlying molecular and cellular bases
will be pointed out as well.
"A por esos gachupines fascistas": El Popular de Lombardo Toledano y su ofensiva contra Falange Española en México
Authors: Sola Ayape Carlos 
Published: June 2020

<p>En junio de 1938 vio la luz en México el primer número de El Popular por iniciativa del líder sindical Vicente Lombardo Toledano, secretario general de la Confederación de Trabajadores de México. El periódico nacía con la vocación de canalizar la voz del proletariado mexicano, aunque muy pronto, y ante el devenir de los acontecimientos nacionales e internacionales, se convirtió en el abanderado de la prensa antifascista en México e incluso en el resto de América Latina. Así, el objetivo de estas páginas es analizar el papel desempeñado por El Popular ante la progresiva penetración del falangismo español en México, en un contexto histórico donde el fascismo se mostraba como la verdadera amenaza a la democracia en el<br />mundo, tal y como pudo comprobarse en la Guerra Civil Española.</p>
Chivos expiatorios de la recesión de 1953: panaderos españoles y trabajadores agrícolas migrantes
Authors: Vézina Catherine 
Published: June 2020

<p>Los primeros meses de la presidencia de Adolfo Ruiz Cortines (1952-1958) fueron cruciales para consolidar una nueva imagen de la administración federal priista y terminar con la idea de un gobierno corrupto y despilfarrador. La campaña contra el encarecimiento de la vida se combinó pronto con una campaña de moralidad pública que fomentó un discurso nacionalista excluyente. Este artículo se interesa en la relación entre la situación económica y política adversa y la promoción de un discurso patriótico basado en la búsqueda de chivos expiatorios. A través de la prensa capitalina y de regiones preocupadas por la emigración, se observan en lo particular los casos de los panaderos españoles, vistos como responsables del encarecimiento del pan, y de los trabajadores migrantes, antipatrióticos por haber abandonado al campo mexicano. </p>
Dos décadas de tesis de Farmacia en México (1897-1919)
Authors: Ortiz-Reynoso Mariana , Schifter Aceves Liliana , Muciño Murillo Irlanda Geraldine 
Published: June 2020

<p>El presente trabajo analiza por primera vez las 39 tesis de la carrera de Farmacia elaboradas por los alumnos de la Escuela Nacional de Medicina entre 1897 y 1917. Los trabajos abarcan principalmente temas relativos al análisis químico de diversos tipos de sustratos, estudios relacionados con plantas medicinales, aplicaciones bacteriológicas a procesos farmacéuticos, particularidades de algunas formas farmacéuticas y en menor medida aspectos de legislación, historia y ejercicio farmacéuticos. Las tesis de farmacia analizadas en este trabajo son fuentes primarias de información valiosa ya que permiten conocer el nivel de desarrollo de la disciplina y establecer la relación entre el perfil profesional y el quehacer de los farmacéuticos mexicanos de la ENM a finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX. El análisis de estos textos ayudará a comprender los elementos emergentes que dieron lugar a la transformación de un profesional experto en farmacia galénica a uno orientado hacia el análisis químico de medicamentos y otros productos.</p>
La rebelión de la Ciudadela hiere de muerte al gobierno de Madero: la historia militar por contar de la Decena Trágica
Authors: Ibarrola Bernardo 
Published: June 2020

<p>La explicación militar generalmente aceptada sobre la Decena Trágica parte del supuesto de la superioridad militar de las fuerzas leales al gobierno y de la decisión de su comandante en jefe de no utilizarlas y así negociar con los amotinados y debilitar al gobierno de Madero. Este artículo propone una explicación distinta: debido a la posesión del mayor arsenal del país por parte de los amotinados, con armas de última generación cuyas características operativas todavía no eran bien comprendidas, ocurrió un estancamiento militar que hacía imposible su derrota rápida y llevó a la búsqueda de una conclusión del conflicto por medio del acuerdo y no de la fuerza; el golpe militar del 18 de febrero que concluyó con el gobierno de Madero fue condición previa para concretar este acuerdo, no su consecuencia.</p>
Poesía y política en el México republicano: una lectura de Ignacio Ramírez en Don Simplicio, 1845-1847
Authors: Piccato Pablo 
Published: June 2020

<p>Este artículo examina las ideas de Ignacio Ramírez y sus contemporáneos sobre los usos políticos de la poesía. Se concentra en el periodo en el que Ignacio Ramírez y Guillermo Prieto escribieron el periódico satírico Don Simplicio, opositor al gobierno de Mariano Paredes y Arrillaga y al proyecto monarquista. A pesar de la inminencia de la guerra contra los Estados Unidos, Ramírez hizo una crítica del nacionalismo y de la poesía existente. Su objetivo era sentar las bases para un lenguaje público renovado y democrático en el cual la poesía desempeñaría un lugar importante.</p>
The Potent of Carrier Oil on Pretreatment of Crude Jatropha Curcas Oil
Authors: Kurniawati Dini , Aisyah Iis Siti 
Published: June 2020

Jatropha curcas oil is a seed oil or bio-oil, which has advantages compared to others plant’s seed-oil. The advantage of this oil is due to the fact that Jatropha oil does not compete with the food sector. In this research, the potential carrier oil testing was conducted to seek a way in improving the performance of Jatropha oil as lubricant oil, coolant or biodiesel. For this purpose, Jatropha oil was mixed with the other carrier oils in the variation of 0 – 45 %. Each variation was tested to obtain kinematic viscosity and density values. The results of this research was the carrier oils has the potential to be used as the mixing material since it can improve the physical properties of Jatropha oil, before the next process. Kinematic viscosity and density of Jatropha oil decreases as more percentage of mixed carrier oil was added.
Efficacy of Aqueous Crude Fruit Extract of Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca) in Anaesthetization of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Fingerlings
Authors: Wakawa Idi Audu , Chiroma Abubakar 
Published: June 2020

Chemicals have been used to anaesthetize fish but due to their hazardous effects on the environment, fish and humans environmentally friendly plant anaesthetics are being sought. Fruit of Desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca) is nontoxic to humans but has been reported to have anaesthetic potentials on fish. This study investigates anaesthetic effect of aqueous crude fruit extract of B. aegyptiaca on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings. Phytochemical and proximate compositions of the fruit were screened. Exactly 120 C. gariepinus fingerlings (mean weight 32.13±2.43g and mean total length 23.88±2.11cm) were used for the experiment. A total of 10 fingerlings were exposed to each of 2.00, 2.50, 3.00, 3.50 and 4.00g/L concentrations of aqueous crude fruit extract of B. aegyptiaca and a control in 6 plastic tanks (45x28x25cm) filled with 10L of tap water. Setup was arranged in randomized block design and replicated. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, free carbon dioxide and total alkalinity were monitored. Results revealed long mean induction (25.05±3.35 min) and recovery (108.35±2.45 min) times with resultant mortalities (40%) of C. gariepinus fingerlings. significant correlation (P<0.01) exists between concentration of the fruit extract and induction time as well as between fruit extract concentrations and survival of fingerlings. Aqueous crude fruit extract of B. aegyptiaca is, therefore, not effective for anaesthetization of C. gariepinus fingerlings hence should be avoided.
Keywords: Anaesthetic, Balanites aegyptiaca, Clarias gariepinus
Formulation and Evaluation of Fixed Dose Combination Tablets of Antifungal Drugs for Candida albicans Resistant to Fluconazole
Authors: Thakur Bhumika , Kushawaha Shiv Kumar , Pandit Vinay , Ashawat Mahendra Singh , Kumar Pravin 
Published: June 2020

Background: The emergence of Candida albicans strains resistant to fluconazole (FLZ) had raised interest on combining other antifungals with FLZ. In vitro and clinical studies had indicated synergistic interaction between terbinafine and FLZ against strains resistant to FLZ and improved therapeutic efficacy. Objective: Formulation and evaluation of fixed dose combination (FDC) tablets of terbinafine HCl (TH) and FLZ for avoidance of resistance and improved therapeutic efficacy against C. albicans infections. Method: The compatibility of TH and FLZ together and with excipients was determined by FTIR spectroscopy. A UV-visible spectroscopic Q-absorbance ratio method was developed and validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ for simultaneous estimation of TH and FLZ. The FDC tablets was prepared by wet granulation using hydroxy propyl cellulose (1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%) as binder and evaluated for pre-compression and post-compression parameters. Result and Discussion: The TH and FLZ were compatible together and with excipients used in FDC. The linearity range was found to be 0.5-3.0 µg/ml and 80-400 µg/ml for TH and FLZ, respectively. Percent RSD was less than 2% indicating good accuracy and precision for proposed method. The hardness and disintegration time of tablets increased and friability decreased with increased binder concentration. Formulation F2 and F3 showed more than 80% drug release within 30 minutes. Conclusion: The TH and FLZ were compatible and can be formulated as a FDC tablet. The UV-Visible spectrophotometric method developed for simultaneous estimation was simple, accurate and sensitive.
Keywords: Terbinafine, Fluconazole, Q-absorbance, Fixed Dose Combination, Candida albicans
Pharmacophore and Molecular Docking-Based Virtual Screening of B-Cell Lymphoma 2 (BCL 2) Inhibitor from Zinc Natural Database as Anti-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Muttaqin Fauzan Zein , Kharisma Dina , Asnawi Aiyi , Kurniawan Fransiska 
Published: June 2020

Cancer is a disease involving genetic factors in its pathogenesis. The increase of cell survival as a result of genetic changes, which prevent apoptosis such as Bcl2 (B-cell lymphoma-2) activation, will cause the tumor to grow. The overexpression of Bcl2 in small cell lung cancer should be inhibited. This study aims to screen natural products that can inhibit Bcl2 overexpression in lung cancer using pharmacophore- and molecular docking-based virtual screening to ZINC Natural Product database. The validation of pharmacophore-based virtual screening to the three features of the pharmacophore model (2 hydrophobic interactions and 1 hydrogen bond donor) showed that the AUC, EF, Se, Sp, ACC, and GH values were 0.57, 3.8, 0.101, 0.957, 0.936, and 0.149, respectively. On the other hand, the validation of molecular docking-based virtual screening showed that the RMSD values of Vina Wizard and AutoDock Wizard were 1.3Å and 1.9Å, respectively. The pharmacophore model virtual screening first obtained 6,615 compounds, and then the molecular docking-based virtual screening finally gained 255 compounds whose values of ΔG and Ki were lower than those of the native ligand. It was concluded that the virtual screening could yield as many as 255 potential anti-lung cancer drug candidates.
Keywords: B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitors, molecular docking, pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening
The Clinical Aspects of Saroglitazar and its Side Effects
Authors: Ratna Sai Vadlamudi Naga , Pasula Sreenivas , Sumathi Sheelam , Sreekanth Mondra , Rao A. Srinivas , Prasad Beda Durga 
Published: June 2020

The new substance element has been known as novel antidiabetic drug, eg: saroglitazar. saroglitazar is a medication used to treat type-2 diabetes. saroglitazar was known under the exchange name Lipaglyn, created by Zydus cadila. lipaglyn is the first drug approved to treat type-2diabetes mellitus by the drug controller general of India in june 2013. Lipaglyn is demonstrated for the patients experiencing diabetes dyslipidaemia. It is given once daily for treatment. Saroglitazar manages the lipid parameters just as glycemic control. [1]
Keywords: Anti-diabetic, dual PPAR agonist, glitazar, hypertriglyceridemia, insulin sensitizer, Lipaglyn, AE’s (adverse effects).
Association of owner related and external factors with micro and small manufacturing enterprises growth in Ethiopia
Authors: Ginbare Gutu Tesfaye , Yali Abebe Shentema 
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted with the objective of analyzing the association of owner related and external factors with growth of MSEs operating in the manufacturing sector. Primary data were collected from 218 randomly selected owner/operator of manufacturing MSEs and coordinators of MSEs by using structured questionnaire and interview, respectively. Chi-square test was employed to analyze the owner related/internal factors, and external factors with growth of manufacturing MSEs. The statistical test revealed that gender, initial investment size, modern machinery, training, infrastructure and location have statistically significant association with growth of manufacturing MSEs; whereas age, education level, work premises and market linkage/ access are found to have statistically insignificant association with growth of MSEs operating in the manufacturing sector, though they make difference on the MSEs growth level. Therefore, to improve the growth of manufacturing MSEs, MSEs development office in collaboration with the municipality, among others, should consider the statistically significant factors and focus on the MSEs’ challenges which are stated by the owners of the business (own working premise and market access/linkage) and take corrective actions. Finally, further research on similar area is suggested by considering factors that need solution such as previous experience of operator in the sector, firm age and access to credit; besides similar study on remaining MSEs sector and comparative study may be conducted even within the manufacturing sector as economic sub-sector (i.e., textile and garment, metal working workshop, furniture and wood working, manufacturing bricks etc.) in order to have a holistic understanding of about the determinants of manufacturing MSEs growth
Podstawy teoretyczne stabilizacyjnej roli narzędzi fiskalnych w gospodarce rynkowej
Authors: Barczyk Ryszard 
Published: June 2020

W wysoko rozwiniętych gospodarkach rynkowych są podejmowane za pomocą narzędzi fiskalnych lub/i pieniężnych działania stabilizacyjne, których celem jest m.in. wpływanie na morfologię cykli koniunkturalnych, na równowagę na rynku pracy i dążenie do utrzymywania stabilnej wartości pieniądza. Celem pracy jest zbadanie hipotetycznego wpływu dyskrecjonalnych jak i automatycznych narzędzi polityki fiskalnej na stabilizację sfery realnej jak i nominalnej zamkniętej gospodarki rynkowej. Praca ma charakter rozważań hipotetycznych, a na jej początku zostaną sformułowane cele stabilizacji makroekonomicznej i możliwości ich realizacji. W dalszej części zostaną przedstawione narzędzia fiskalne dyskrecjonalne i działające automatycznie i charakter ich wpływu na osiąganie sformułowanych wcześniej celów. Instrumenty fiskalne mogą i powinny być stosowane w działaniach stabilizacyjnych, a szczególnie ważne powinny być narzędzia działające automatycznie.
Tracking of The Most Significant Laboratory Parameters For The Identification of Covid-19: An Overview on The Different Blood Tests
Authors: Ali Seenaa 
Published: June 2020

An outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) began in China during December 2019 which unexpectedly spread to other countries and caused high mortality all over the world. COVID-19 disease primarily manifests as a respiratory tract infection. However, emerging data indicate that it should be regarded as a systemic disease for affecting multiple systems such as cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and immune system. There is an accelerated need for detecting the laboratory tests that can aid in identifying infected people and asymptomatic carriers to control the virus transmission process. Although the clinical manifestation of COVID-19 has been widely defined, an overview of the most significant laboratory findings in patients with COVID-19 infection is still limited. Elevation was the predominate result among most of the laboratory parameters while a few decreased in value. Laboratory data have shown that most patients had a decrease in lymphocyte count, Eosinophils count and albumin level. Also, laboratory data recorded an elevation in Leukocyte, ESR, PT, D-dimer, PCT, CRP, ALT, AST, Bilirubin, Creatinine, CK, LDH, Ferritin, Troponin, Myoglobin, IL-6, IL10 and TNF. In general, the parameters had more prominent laboratory abnormalities in severe cases than with non-severe cases. It is well known that laboratory tests results play an important role and can support the early diagnosis of many diseases. This study was carried out to review the abnormalities among the laboratory tests and track the parameters that showed a frequently significant result supporting the primary detection of SARS-COV-2 infection.
Comparing The Viral Load of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Different Human Specimens
Authors: Hattem Hussain Ali 
Published: June 2020

This meta-analysis study analyzed the data of 47 recent studies with data related SARS-COV-2 viral load detection in different human specimens. 1099 patients were tested for SARS-COV-2 viral load using up to 19 different respiratory and non-respiratory specimens using RT-PCR by targeting different types of viral genes of which ORF1ab is the most commonly used target gene. 9909 specimens were taken from the patients. The mean of viral load cycle threshold value is 17.8 (±11.7), with a median of 15.95 with minimum value of 0.2 and a maximum value of 36.5. Nasopharyngeal swab has the highest positivity rate (90.5%) for viral load detection followed by Bronchoalveolar lavage, nasal swab, nasopharyngeal aspirate, throat swab and sputum. For the non-respiratory specimen, stool and rectal swab are most appropriate specimens followed by blood. The urine is not appropriate specimen for viral load detection due to very low sensitivity. The sputum was positive up to 23 days in a daily manner since start of symptoms except for the days 19, 21, and 23 that were negative for the virus. Three specimens, the nasopharyngeal swab, throat swab, and rectal swab, showed positive RT-PCR results before the appearance of COVID-19 clinical features. Possible positive results can be present up to 43 days in throat swab, stool, and rectal swab. After negative conversion of respiratory specimens, the viral shedding can continue more than one month from stool and rectal swab. The 3rd day since onset of symptoms is the most day of testing (223/2935). The highest positivity of SARS-COV-2 viral load was recorded in day 16 since the onset of symptoms.
Policy Model of Physical Changes in The Environment of Mandeh Area from 2008-2018
Authors: Syam Alexander 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to see the physical changes in the environment of Mandeh area, South Pesisir Regency, from 2008-2018 and formulate an environmental policy model for the Mandeh area. The analysis technique was carried out by overlaying map of Mandeh area land use from 2008-2018, to determine the policy model of the physical changes in the environment of Mandeh area was analyzed by FGD and AHP. As for the results of the land use map overlay shows many physical changes. Based on the results of the analysis and discussions that have been done previously, it can be concluded that Physical Changes in Enviroment of Mandeh area from 2008-2018 have their own impact on the environment For this reason, it is necessary to have an environmentally sound policy model. Based on the results of the analysis, there are five alternative policy priorities are: (1) it is expected that the government to analyze the utilization of natural resources does not exceed the environmental carrying capacity value of 0.752, (2) zoning of land use and marine waters of mandeh area value 0.791 (3) cultivating the main functions of natural resources potential, human resources and artificial resources value 0.794 (4) conservation for mangroves and coral reefs that have been damaged value 0.732 (5) analysis of the system plan and road network of sea and land transportation value 0.726.
Keywords: Environmental Physical Changes, Mandeh Region