bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of ambulatory central hemodynamics and arterial stiffness parameters in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients
Authors: Alexandrou Maria-Eleni , Loutradis Charalampos , Balafa Olga , Theodorakopoulou Marieta , Tzanis George , Bakaloudi Dimitra , Dimitriadis Chrysostomos , Pateinakis Panagiotis , Gkaliagkousi Eugenia , Papagianni Aikaterini , Sarafidis Pantelis 
Published: July 2020

Background:Ambulatory pulse-wave velocity (PWV), augmentation pressure, and augmentation index (AIx) are associated with increased cardiovascular events and death in hemodialysis. The intermittent nature of hemodialysis generates a distinct ambulatory pattern, with a progressive increase of augmentation pressure and AIx during the interdialytic interval. No study so far has compared the ambulatory course of central hemodynamics and PWV between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients.Methods:Thirty-eight patients under peritoneal dialysis and 76 patients under hemodialysis matched in a 1 : 2 ratio for age, sex and dialysis vintage underwent 48-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring with the oscillometric Mobil-O-Graph device. Parameters of central hemodynamics [central SBP, DBP and pulse pressure (PP)], wave reflection [AIx, heart rate-adjusted AIx; AIx(75) and augmentation pressure] and PWV were estimated from the 48-h recordings.Results:Over the total 48-h period, no significant differences were observed between peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients in mean levels of central SBP, DBP, PP, augmentation pressure, AIx, AIx(75) and PWV. However, patients under peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis displayed different trajectories in all the above parameters over the course of the recording: in peritoneal dialysis patients no differences were noted in central SBP (125.0 ± 19.2 vs. 126.0 ± 17.8 mmHg,P = 0.25), DBP, PP, augmentation pressure (13.0 ± 6.8 vs. 13.7 ± 7. mmHg,P = 0.15), AIx(75) (25.9 ± 6.9 vs. 26.3 ± 7.8%,P = 0.54) and PWV (9.5 ± 2.1 vs. 9.6 ± 2.1 m/s,P = 0.27) from the first to the second 24-h period of the recording. In contrast, hemodialysis patients showed significant increases in all these parameters from the first to second 24 h (SBP: 119.5 ± 14.4 vs. 124.6 ± 15.0 mmHg,P < 0.001; augmentation pressure: 10.9 ± 5.3 vs. 13.1 ± 6.3 mmHg,P < 0.001; AIx(75): 24.7 ± 7.6 vs. 27.4 ± 7.9%,P < 0.001; PWV: 9.1 ± 1.8 vs. 9.3 ± 1.8 m/s,P < 0.001). Peritoneal dialysis patients had numerically higher levels than hemodialysis patients in all the above parameters during all periods studied and especially during the first 24-h.Conclusion:Central BP, wave reflection indices and PWV during a 48-h recording are steady in peritoneal dialysis but gradually increase in hemodialysis patients. During all studied periods, peritoneal dialysis patients have numerically higher levels of all studied parameters, a fact that could relate to higher cardiovascular risk.
Effect of aerobic and resistance exercise training on inflammation, endothelial function and ambulatory blood pressure in middle-aged hypertensive patients
Authors: Boeno Francesco P. , Ramis Thiago R. , Munhoz Samuel V. , Farinha Juliano B. , Moritz Cesar E.J. , Leal-Menezes Rodrigo , Ribeiro Jerri L. , Christou Demetra D. , Reischak-Oliveira Alvaro 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
The current randomized controlled trial tested the hypothesis that both aerobic training and dynamic resistance training will improve inflammation, endothelial function and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in middle-aged adults with hypertension, but aerobic training would be more effective.

Methods:
Forty-two hypertensive patients on at least one antihypertensive medication (19 men/23 women; 30–59 years of age) were randomly assigned to 12 weeks of supervised aerobic training (n = 15), resistance training (n = 15) or a nonexercise control (n = 12) group. Inflammation, endothelial function, 24-h ABP and related measures were evaluated at pre and postintervention.

Results:
We found that aerobic training and resistance training were well tolerated. Both aerobic training and resistance training reduced daytime systolic ABP (−7.2 ± 7.9 and −4.4 ± 5.8 mmHg; P < 0.05) and 24-h systolic ABP (−5.6 ± 6.2 and −3.2 ± 6.4 mmHg; P < 0.05). aerobic training and resistance training both improved brachial artery flow-mediated dilation by 1.7 ± 2.8 and 1.4 ± 2.6%, respectively (7.59 ± 3.36 vs. 9.26 ± 2.93 and 7.24 ± 3.18 vs. 8.58 ± 2.37; pre vs. post P < 0.05). However, only aerobic training decreased markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1) and endothelin-1 and increased nitrite and nitrate levels (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Healthcare providers should continue to emphasize aerobic training for hypertension management given the established role of nitric oxide, endothelin-1 and chronic low-level inflammation in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. However, our study demonstrates that resistance training should also be encouraged for middle-aged hypertensive patients. Our results also suggest that even if patients are on antihypertensive medications, regular aerobic training and resistance training are beneficial for blood pressure control and cardiovascular disease risk reduction.
Artificial intelligence for retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Gensure Rebekah H. , Chiang Michael F. , Campbell John P. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose of review
In this article, we review the current state of artificial intelligence applications in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and provide insight on challenges as well as strategies for bringing these algorithms to the bedside.

Recent findings
In the past few years, there has been a dramatic shift from machine learning approaches based on feature extraction to ‘deep’ convolutional neural networks for artificial intelligence applications. Several artificial intelligence for ROP approaches have demonstrated adequate proof-of-concept performance in research studies. The next steps are to determine whether these algorithms are robust to variable clinical and technical parameters in practice. Integration of artificial intelligence into ROP screening and treatment is limited by generalizability of the algorithms to maintain performance on unseen data and integration of artificial intelligence technology into new or existing clinical workflows.

Summary
Real-world implementation of artificial intelligence for ROP diagnosis will require massive efforts targeted at developing standards for data acquisition, true external validation, and demonstration of feasibility. We must now focus on ethical, technical, clinical, regulatory, and financial considerations to bring this technology to the infant bedside to realize the promise offered by this technology to reduce preventable blindness from ROP.
Psychological and psychosocial predictors of chronic postsurgical pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Giusti Emanuele M. , Lacerenza Marco , Manzoni Gian Mauro , Castelnuovo Gianluca 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Knowledge about psychological and psychosocial predictors of chronic postsurgical pain is important to identify patients at risk for poor outcomes. The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to assess the effect of such predictors. A comprehensive search of the available literature on this topic was performed using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and PsycInfo. Estimates of the effect of each predictor were extracted, and both a narrative synthesis and a quantitative synthesis of these estimates were performed. Multiple imputation was used to take into account the effect of nonsignificant estimates in case they were not reported by original studies. From a sample of 8322 records, 83 articles were included in the narrative synthesis and 41 studies were used to perform the meta-analyses. The narrative synthesis showed that evidence about the effect of psychological predictors is heterogeneous, with few expected predictors, such as optimism, state anxiety and psychological distress, consistently associated with chronic postsurgical pain. By contrast, the meta-analyses showed that state anxiety, trait anxiety, mental health, depression, catastrophizing and, to a lesser extent, kinesiophobia and self-efficacy have a weak but significant association with chronic postsurgical pain. In conclusion, this study showed that psychological predictors have a significant association with chronic postsurgical pain and that state anxiety is the most explicative one.
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in a dish: dorsal root ganglion cells treated in vitro with paclitaxel show biochemical and physiological responses parallel to that seen in vivo
Authors: Li Yan , Marri Tejaswi , North Robert Y. , Rhodes Haley R. , Uhelski Megan L. , Tatsui Claudio E. , Rhines Laurence D. , Rao Ganesh , Corrales German , Abercrombie Taylor J. , Johansson Caj A. , Dougherty Patrick M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy have yet to be fully elucidated, but primary afferent neurons have emerged as an especially vulnerable initiating pathophysiological target. An important recent study has also shown that the initial toxicity produced by paclitaxel in patients was highly predictive of long-term outcome. In this study, we therefore focused on defining the mechanisms of acute toxicity produced by paclitaxel treatment on primary sensory neurons under in vitro conditions. In primary rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) culture with paclitaxel, an increase of pERK and pp38 was observed at 2 hours, and this was accompanied by an increase in expression and release of C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). There was no change in pJNK. The increase in pERK was sustained at 48 hours of exposure when the expression of TLR4, MyD88, and IL-6 was also increased. IL-6 and CCL2 were colocalized to TLR4-positive cells, and all these responses were prevented by coincubation with a TLR4 antagonist (LPS-RS). Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings revealed that DRG neurons developed spontaneous depolarizing fluctuations (DSFs) in membrane potential and hyperexcitability to current injection but no ectopic action potential activity at 24 and 48 hours of paclitaxel incubation. However, CCL2 applied to cultured neurons not only induced DSFs but also evoked action potentials. Evidence of oxidative stress and mitotoxicity was observed at 48 hours of exposure. These results closely parallel the responses measured in the DRG with paclitaxel exposure in vivo and so indicate that acute toxicity of paclitaxel on the DRG can be modelled using an in vitro approach.
Cryobiopsy With Radial UltraSound Guidance (CYRUS)
Authors: Pannu Jasleen K. , Roller Lance J. , Lentz Robert J. , Rickman Otis B. , Aboudara Matthew C. , Chen Heidi , Maldonado Fabien 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Major airway bleeding is the most feared complication of transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBC). Radial endobronchial ultrasound (REBUS) has been used to assess the peripheral lung, primarily to identify pulmonary nodules, and also peripheral blood vessels. Using REBUS-guided TBC to avoid peripheral vasculature might reduce bleeding risk. This prospective randomized double-blind pilot trial was designed to investigate the feasibility of study procedures and inform the power calculation and clinical significance of a future large randomized trial.

Methods:
Consecutive TBCs were randomized to be performed with or without REBUS guidance in the same patient. A nonblinded operator obtained each biopsy while a blinded second operator managed the bleeding after each biopsy and determined when hemostasis had been obtained. Feasibility of study procedures and the ability to recruit patients were of primary interest. Time to hemostasis after each biopsy was also examined.

Results:
Forty TBCs were performed in 10 patients (4 biopsies per patient) over an enrollment period of 6 months. The time to control bleeding between biopsies was not statistically different between intervention and control arms [−14.3 (−120.1 to 92.0) s, P=0.7878]. Mean bleeding time was 139.4±59.895 seconds (REBUS 132.25± 89.305 s, non-REBUS 146.55±82.043 s). A trend towards the decreased grade of bleeding and less need for additional interventions was observed with REBUS use, but this difference did not reach statistical significance in this pilot investigation.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest that REBUS-guided TBC is feasible. We did not observe any statistically significant difference in time to hemostasis or bleeding grade in this pilot study.
Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO): 2020 Pediatric Respiratory ELSO Guideline
Authors: Maratta Christina , Potera Renee M. , van Leeuwen Grace , Castillo Moya Andrés , Raman Lakshmi , Annich Gail M. 
Published: July 2020

Disclaimer:
This guideline describes prolonged extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), applicable to Pediatric respiratory failure. These guidelines describe useful and safe practice, prepared by ELSO and based on extensive experience and are considered consensus guidelines. These guidelines are not intended to define standard of care and are revised at regular intervals as new information, devices, medications, and techniques become available.
Short Meal-to-Bed Time Is a Predominant Risk Factor of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Pregnancy
Authors: Quach Duc T. , Le Yen-Linh T. , Mai Ly H. , Hoang Anh T. , Nguyen Tuyen T. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Short meal-to-bed time (MTBT) has been reported to relate to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but evidence is lacking in pregnant women. We aimed to assess the characteristics of GERD and the association between MTBT and GERD during pregnancy.

Patients and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out on 400 pregnant women aged 18 years and older visiting the antenatal clinic of Gia-Dinh People’s Hospital, Vietnam. GERD was defined as having troublesome heartburn and/or regurgitation at least once a week. Reflux-related insomnia was defined as having difficulties in initiating or maintaining sleep through the night. MTBT was defined as “short” if it was ≤2 hours in more than two thirds of days in a week.

Results:
There were 154 (38.5%) patients with GERD and 20 (13.0%) patients with reflux-related insomnia. In multivariate analysis, there were 3 factors significantly associated with GERD: third trimester [odds ratio (OR)=1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-2.69], previous history of typical reflux symptoms (OR=9.05; 95% CI: 5.29-15.50), and short MTBT (OR=12.73; 95% CI: 2.92-55.45). The frequency of reflux symptoms progressively increased across subgroups of patients with no short MTBT, either daytime or nighttime short MTBT, and with both daytime and nighttime short MTBT. Nighttime MTBT was also a significant risk factor for reflux-related insomnia (OR=4.60; 95% CI: 1.64-12.92).

Conclusions:
We reported for the first time that short MTBT was a predominant risk factor of GERD in pregnancy. This dieting habit was significantly associated with reflux symptom frequency and reflux-related insomnia.
Applying nomograms based on the surveillance, epidemiology and end results database to predict long-term overall survival and cancer-specific survival in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Wang Fengze , Wen Jiao , Yang Xinjie , Jia Tingting , Du Fangchong , Wei Jianhua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Few models regarding to the individualized prognosis assessment of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients were documented. The purpose of this study was to establish nomogram model to predict the long-term overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of OPSCC patients. The detailed clinical data for the 10,980 OPSCC patients were collected from the surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) database. Furthermore, we applied a popular and reasonable random split-sample method to divide the total 10,980 patients into 2 groups, including 9881 (90%) patients in the modeling cohort and 1099 (10%) patients in the external validation cohort. Among the modeling cohort, 3084 (31.2%) patients were deceased at the last follow-up date. Of those patients, 2188 (22.1%) patients died due to OPSCC. In addition, 896 (9.1%) patients died due to other causes. The median follow-up period was 45 months (1–119 months). We developed 2 nomograms to predict 5- and 8- year OS and CSS using Cox Proportional Hazards model. The nomograms’ accuracy was evaluated through the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves by internal and external validation. The C-indexes of internal validation on the 5- and 8-year OS and CSS were 0.742 and 0.765, respectively. Moreover, the C-indexes of external validation were 0.740 and 0.759, accordingly. Based on a retrospective cohort from the SEER database, we succeeded in constructing 2 nomograms to predict long-term OS and CSS for OPSCC patients, which provides reference for surgeons to develop a treatment plan and individual prognostic evaluations.
Effects and safety of intranasal phototherapy for allergic rhinitis
Authors: Kang Jeongin , Lee Goeun , Kim Jeonghun , Kim Youngeun , Park Sunju , Lee Donghyo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an immunoglobulin E (Ig E)-mediated inflammatory disease. Intranasal phototherapy is a promising treatment modality because it has a profound immunosuppressive effect, but the available evidence of its use for AR is insufficient. Therefore, rigorously designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed. Our objective is to describe the protocol for a feasibility trial to assess the effects and safety of intranasal phototherapy for the treatment of AR.

Methods and analysis:
This is a study protocol for a single-center, randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled, investigator-initiated pilot study. A total of 40 patients with AR will be randomly assigned to the medical device or sham device group in a 1:1 ratio. The participants will receive intranasal phototherapy with a medical or sham device for 20 min 5 times a week for 2 weeks. The primary outcome will be the mean change in the Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) from baseline to 2 weeks. The secondary outcomes will include the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) score, Nasal Endoscopy Index, total serum Ig E level, and eosinophil count.

Discussion:
The findings of this study will provide the basis for subsequent large-scale definitive RCTs to confirm the effects and safety of intranasal phototherapy for the treatment of nasal symptoms in patients with AR who do not respond well to conventional therapy. This study may assist in the development of noninvasive treatment for patients with AR.

Trial registration:
This study was registered at the Korean National Clinical Trial Registry, Clinical Research Information Service (KCT0003253).
The efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen (LHQW) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Zhang Qiongshuai , Cao Fang , Ji Guangcheng , Xu Xiaohong , Sun Yihan , Li Jiannan , Qi Xun , Sun Shaoqian , Wang Yufeng , Song Bailin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Since the outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP), it has swept the world with rapid development. Up to now, there is no effective drug to treat it. Lianhua Qingwen has been used in the treatment of COVID-19 in China, but there is no systematic review about it. This study will systematically evaluate its efficacy and safety in the treatment of COVID-19.

Methods:
We will search electronic database of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Web of Science (WOS), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Scientific and Journal Database (VIP) and Wan Fang database (Wanfang) for the literature of RCTs of Lianhua Qingwen capsule for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We will also search the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR) and ClinicalTrials.gov (www.ClinicalTrials.gov) for ongoing trials with unpublished data, and the Conference abstracts will be searched manually. We will use the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions to assess the risk of bias. The protocol will be conducted according to the approach and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P).

Results:
The study results will provide evidence of the efficacy and safety of Lianhua Qingwen (LHQW) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Conclusion:
The result of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42020180877.
Current trends in health coaching for chronic conditions
Authors: Yang Juan , Bauer Brent A. , Lindeen Stephanie A. , Perlman Adam I. , Abu Dabrh Abd Moain , Boehmer Kasey R. , Salinas Manisha , Cutshall Susanne M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Chronic conditions are placing a serious burden on individuals as well as the health care system. Health coaching (HC) has emerged as a promising approach that can support effective lifestyle interventions for chronic conditions. However, until now there is no particularly comprehensive systematic review of HC impact on a chronic condition from the angle of patient improvement and detail coaching characteristics reported.

Objective:
To synthesize available studies on the efficacy and current status of HC interventions on the health of chronically ill adult patients.

Methods:
The literature search will be conducted for trials published in English within the past four years. Electronic databases CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, and Scopus will be searched with keywords describing HC for chronic diseases. Randomized controlled trials that compare HC interventions to conventional care or other alternative therapies will be included. Data extraction will be conducted by two reviewers independently, and enrolled trials will be evaluated for quality and bias assessment. If appropriate, meta-analysis will be conducted on the last stage of the review; otherwise, the study findings will be described narratively. The software Review Manager (Revman version 5.3.5.) provided by the Cochrane Collaboration will be applied for the meta-analysis.

Results:
This is the first study to comprehensively explore the effectiveness and current status of HC intervention for patients with chronic conditions.

Discussion:
Study findings from this review will advance the appropriate utilization of coaching practice by determining whether HC is effective and feasible among patients with chronic disease. If proven effective, this approach may be applied more broadly through public health interventions. The current status findings will also provide evidence to inform decisions for integrating HC interventions into the current management pathway for individuals with chronic conditions.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42020153280.