bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3-Methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one and the Douglas-fir beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): history of successful bark beetle pheromone treatments
Authors: Ross Darrell W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper reviews the literature on the identification of 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one (MCH) as the antiaggregation pheromone of the Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugaeHopkins) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and the development of successful management applications using the pheromone. Previously unpublished data from two studies on novel uses of MCH are included. The successful development of antiaggregation pheromone-based treatments for the Douglas-fir beetle is discussed in relation to efforts to develop similar treatments for other bark beetle species, and opportunities for future research on MCH and the Douglas-fir beetle are suggested.
Control of B Cell Lymphoma by Gammaherpesvirus-Induced Memory CD8 T Cells
Authors: Preiss Nicholas K. , Kang Taewook , Usherwood Young-Kwang , Huang Yina H. , Branchini Bruce R. , Usherwood Edward J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Persistent infection with gammaherpesviruses (γHV) can cause lymphomagenesis in immunocompromised patients. Murine γHV-68 (MHV-68) is an important tool for understanding immune factors contributing to γHV control; however, modeling control of γHV-associated lymphomagenesis has been challenging. Current model systems require very long incubation times or severe immune suppression, and tumor penetrance is low. In this report, we describe the generation of a B cell lymphoma on the C57BL/6 background, which is driven by the Myc oncogene and expresses an immunodominant CD8 T cell epitope from MHV-68. We determined MHV-68–specific CD8 T cells in latently infected mice use either IFN-γ or perforin/granzyme to control γHV-associated lymphoma, but perforin/granzyme is a more potent effector mechanism for lymphoma control than IFN-γ. Consistent with previous reports, CD4-depleted mice lost control of virus replication in persistently infected mice. However, control of lymphoma remained intact in the absence of CD4 T cells. Collectively, these data show the mechanisms of T cell control of B cell lymphoma in γHV-infected mice overlap with those necessary for control of virus replication, but there are also important differences. This study establishes a tool for further dissecting immune surveillance against, and optimizing adoptive T cell therapies for, γHV-associated lymphomas.
Tupaia OASL1 Promotes Cellular Antiviral Immune Responses by Recruiting MDA5 to MAVS
Authors: Yao Yu-Lin , Yu Dandan , Xu Ling , Gu Tianle , Li Yu , Zheng Xiao , Bi Rui , Yao Yong-Gang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) is a key cytoplasmic dsRNA sensor. Upon binding to invading viral RNA, activated MDA5 is recruited to mitochondria and interacts with mitochondrial antiviral signaling gene (MAVS) to initiate innate antiviral immune responses. The elegant regulation of this process remains elusive. In this study, using the Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis), which is genetically close to primates, we identified the Tupaia oligoadenylate synthetases-like 1 (tOASL1) as a positive regulator of the Tupaia MDA5 (tMDA5) and Tupaia MAVS (tMAVS)–mediated IFN signaling. Overexpression of tOASL1 significantly potentiated the RNA virus-triggered induction of the type I IFNs and downstream antiviral genes. Conversely, knockdown of tOASL1 had an impaired antiviral immune response. Mechanistically, tOASL1 was associated with mitochondria and directly interacted with tMDA5 and tMAVS. Upon RNA virus infection, tOASL1 enhanced the interaction between tMDA5 and tMAVS via its OAS and UBL domains. Our results revealed a novel mechanism by which tOASL1 contributes to host antiviral responses via enhancing tMDA5 and tMAVS interaction.
Hubungan Self-Management Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Pasca Stroke Di RSUD Encik Mariyam Tahun 2020
Authors: Marviana Elsa , Muharni Sri , Wardhani Utari Christya 
Published: November 2020

Pasien stroke pada dasarnya masih mempunyai kemampuan untuk sembuh sesudah mengalami serangan stroke. Setengah dari pasien pasca stroke akan merasakan gejala sisa serangan stroke yang sangat beragam, yakni gangguan gerak atau pun motorik, gangguan penglihatan, gangguan bicara, perubahan emosi, serta gejala lain sesuai lokasi otak yang mengalami penyumbatan (Misbach, 2014). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan self -management dengan kualitas hidup pasien pasca stroke di RSUD Encik Mariyam Tahun 2020. Metode penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, sampel dilakukan dengan tekhik purposive sampling dan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Jumlah sampel 38 responden. Hasil penelitian dianalisa dengan uji Spearman rho.Dengan hasil persentase respon tertinggi pada usia 56-65 tahun (47,37%), perempuan (63,16%),menikah (97,37%),pendidikan SMP (47,73%) dan tinggal bersama suami,isteri dan anak (42,11%).Dengan self-management yang baik (13,15%),self-management sedang (39,47%) dan self-management kurang (47,36%).Dengan kualits hidup yang baik (21,05%),kualitas hidup sedang (31,57%) dan kualitas hidup kurang (47,36%).Kesimpulan diketahui derajat kemaknaan α=0,00,diperoleh hasil p=0,000 dimana (p≤0,05),dengan kekuatan (r=0,967) yaitu sangat kuat dan arah hubungan positif artinya ada Hubungan Self-Management dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Pasca Stroke di RSUD Encik Mariyam. Diharapkan untuk lebih meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kinerja yang lebih baik guna memberikan bimbingan pelayanan kesehatan bagi pasien,khususnya pasien pasca stroke agar dapat mendukung pencapaian self-management yang baik untuk menunjang kualitas hidup pasien pasca stroke.
EFFECT OF MOBILE BANKING ON PERFORMANCE OF MICROFINANCE BANKS IN KENYA
Authors: Ndirangu Eunice Wangari , Kiragu David , Ngunyi Antony 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of mobile banking on performance of microfinance banks in Kenya
Methodology: The study adopted positivism philosophy approach and descriptive research design was used. The study also used census survey. The target population was the thirteen Microfinance Banks regulated by the Central Bank of Kenya. The questionnaires were self-administered and primary data was collected from the thirteen regulated microfinance banks. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for preliminary analysis. Factor analysis was conducted to reduce the number of factors and Kaiser Mayer Olkin and Barlett’s test of Sphericity were tested and total variance explained, scree plot and rotated component matrix were drawn.
Findings: The findings showed that majority of the respondents were in agreement that it is easy to deposit and withdraw cash, transfer funds, apply loan and check the balance using mobile banking. The hypothesis (H02) findings showed that mobile banking had a significant effect on performance of MFBs. The summary model showed that the R was 0.280 and a R square of 0.078. This implied that mobile banking predicted 7.8% of the performance of MFBs. The ANOVA results showed that F value was 4.940 and a p value of 0.030 which indicates that it was statistically significant. After the T test mobile banking beta coefficient was the regression model was generated Y = 2.841+ 0.271MBA.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommends that MFBs should partner with telecommunication services providers to develop products and services which are customer oriented and easy to use. They should develop strategies on market penetration by creating awareness on the product and services available in the market.
Transforming Research Excellence
Authors: Kraemer-Mbula Erika , Tijssen Robert , Wallace Matthew L. , McLean Robert 
Published: November 2020

"Modern-day science is under great pressure. A potent mix of increasing expectations, limited resources, tensions between competition and cooperation, and the need for evidence-based funding is creating major change in how science is conducted and perceived. Amidst this perfect storm is the allure of research excellence, a concept that drives decisions made by universities and funders, and defines scientists research strategies and career trajectories.
But what is excellent science? And how to recognise it? After decades of inquiry and debate there is still no satisfactory answer. Are we asking the wrong question? Is reality more complex, and excellence in science more elusive, than many are willing to admit? And how should excellence be defined in different parts of the world, particularly in lower-income countries of the Global South where science is expected to contribute to pressing development issues, despite often scarce resources? Many wonder whether the Global South is importing, with or without consenting, the flawed tools for research evaluation from North America and Europe that are not fit for purpose.
This book takes a critical view of these issues, touching on conceptual issues and practical problems that inevitably emerge when excellence is at the center of science systems. Emerging from the capacity-building work of the Science Granting Councils Initiative in sub-Saharan Africa, it speaks to scholars, as well as to managers and funders of research around the world. Confronting sticky problems and uncomfortable truths, the chapters contain insights and recommendations that point towards new solutions both for the Global South and the Global North."
Reflections of South African Student Leaders: 1994 to 2017
Authors: Luescher Thierry M , Webbstock Denyse , Bhengu Ntokozo 
Published: November 2020

Reflections of South African Student Leaders 1994-2017 brings together the reflections of twelve former SRC leaders from across the landscape of South African universities. Reviews of the previous volume, 1981-2014 suggested that it contributed significantly to a better understanding of the stringent demands of visionary and transformative leadership required by university leaders in the fastchanging and increasingly complex public higher education sector.
This volume is based on comprehensive interviews with former student leaders, each of whom provided a personal account in their own words of their experience in the position of student leadership. The interviewees are from different backgrounds and of diverse political persuasions. The book is important for current and future leaders of higher education institutions as it provides insights into the thinking, aspirations, desires, fears and modus operandi of student leaders. Such insight can contribute to developing and implementing appropriate strategies for achieving meaningful and constructive engagement with current and future student leaders.
A RELAÇÃO DOS VALORES PESSOAIS ENTRE O EMPREENDEDOR E O COACH
Authors: DONIZETTI CLARIANO DA SILVA DJALMA , Elliot Nelson Reed , Soler Gines Júnior Clovis 
Published: November 2020

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi abrir a investigação sobre as semelhanças e diferenças entre empreendedores e coaches, através de um estudo dos seus valores pessoais.
Dado que pesquisas indicam que os empreendedores não são todos idênticos - ou seja, há mais de um tipo de empreendedor, assim, o estudo completo provavelmente precisará olhar para mais de um tipo de empreendedor. Da mesma forma, dada a variedade de tipos de coaches existentes, também é altamente provável que haja variação nos valores pessoais dos coaches.
Comparison Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) of 10J/cm2 and 5 J/cm2 Energy Density for Healing Diabetes Foot Ulcer
Authors: Purwitasari Darmaputri  , Nury Nusdwinuringtya  , Nyoman Murdana  , Tri Juli Edi Tarigan  , Dewi Friska  
Published: November 2020

Background: Diabetic foot ulcer is a problem in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). One adjuvant therapy that can enhance wound healing is Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), but there is no established guideline regarding the dosage. In Indonesia, there has been no study comparing the energy density of LLLT on diabetic ulcer healingMethods: This is an experimental study on 28 subjects with a randomized diabetic foot ulcer. Group A received standard treatment of ulcer and LLLT 5J/cm2. Group B received standard treatment of ulcer and LLLT 10J/cm2.Results: The difference in wound size between group A and group B were 4.15 mm2 and 7.5 mm2 (p=0.178). The healing rate of group A and group B were 4.15 (-10-34.5) mm2/4 weeks and 7.5 (-2.8-34) mm2/4weeks (p=0.168). Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference between the group receiving LLLT 5J/cm2 or 10 J/cm2 in diabetic foot ulcer healing.
Keynes in Madrid and the delightful people
Authors: Sellarès Gómez Bernat 
Published: November 2020

In 1930, John Maynard Keynes travelled to Madrid to deliver an address titled “Possible Economic Situation of our Grandchildren”. In this visit, he gave an autographed note to a little girl, of just eight years of age, telling her that “she is living in the midst of the creation of what is more noble and desirable in civilisation.” This paper explores the historical facts of Keynes’s visit in Madrid and tries to find out who –and what kind of vision– most influenced Keynes in his conception of the ideal society.
Citizen-Centric Public Service Satisfaction During Pandemic Outbreak: A Measurement Model
Authors: Mohd Wahid Siti Daleela , Mohd Amin Siti Hajjar , Mohamed Ali Abdul Jalil , Mohamed Ali Abdul Jalil , Abdullah Aida , Ali Siti Mariam 
Published: November 2020

Citizen-centricity satisfaction is a recent phenomenon spreading around the world. It is of growing interest to scholars and many papers are focused on this area. This paper aims at revealing factor that predict a citizen satisfaction during pandemic outbreak in public service delivery. A massive number of theories and past scholars have carried out studies on the factors influencing citizen satisfaction, which resulted in a list containing large volume of variables. There was a need to generalize factors that capable to form a universal citizen satisfaction model. This research utilizing citizen-centric demands of transformational government model as the theoretical foundation in citizen satisfaction in public service context. 346 citizens conveniently were selected as respondents, at the same time as information become amassed via online surveys. The information become then analyzed via the use of AMOS software. The structural equation modelling (SEM) was executed to develop the measurement model. The results exhibit that goodness of fit, construct reliability, convergent validity and discriminant validity achieved the overall fitness threshold to model citizen satisfaction. This research contributes to shed light on the literature via examining the elements of citizen-centric demands of transformational government model namely openness, responsiveness, transparency and participation in citizen satisfaction.
Evaluation of Inhaled Tobramycin in Early Eradication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Infants With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Choi Jane , Novak Kimberly , Thompson Rohan 
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE
Early antibiotic therapy has the potential to eradicate initial Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and postpone chronic infection. There are limited data evaluating the efficacy and safety of inhaled tobramycin in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) who are younger than 1 year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of inhaled tobramycin in early eradication of P aeruginosa in infants with CF.

METHODS
This retrospective study evaluated patients with CF younger than 1 year with first time infection with P aeruginosa. The primary outcome was the frequency of P aeruginosa eradication. Secondary outcomes were sustained culture negativity at 12 and 18 months and safety assessments.

RESULTS
Of 18 patients included in the study, 9 received inhaled tobramycin and an enteral fluoroquinolone and 9 received inhaled tobramycin alone. Microbiologic clearance of respiratory cultures was observed in 83% patients at end of therapy and 78% of patients at 1 month posttherapy. Eradication of P aeruginosa was observed in 56% of patients at 6 months posttreatment with sustained culture negativity observed in 39% of patients up to 18 months.

CONCLUSIONS
Inhaled-tobramycin therapy is effective in early eradication of P aeruginosa infection and is well tolerated in infants younger than 1 year.
Spatial Assessment of Urbanization Using GIS in Selected Neighbourhoods of Port Harcourt Metropolis
Authors: Bassey Asa Ekpo , Ede Precious Nwobidi , Wokekoro Ebiwari 
Published: November 2020

This study analyzed the spatial assessment of urbanization in Mgbougba, PH Township, Orazi Rumueme, and Eligbam Rumueme using GIS to determine the spatial and temporal changes. This study adopted data from a secondary source, which includes Landsat (7) TM Thematic Mapper of 1999, 2009 and 2019 of the study areas which were further analyzed to determine spatial and temporal changes that have occurred in the study areas. Findings from this study based on the classified Landsat imageries revealed that in Mgbougba, spatial changes were observed as a result of an increase in built area value of 591 in 1999 to 4066 in 2009 and to 6661 in 2019, hence, caused a reduction in vegetation cover with the value of 5038 in 1999 to 3733 in 2009 and to 1515 in 2019 and also a reduction of water body with a value of 363 in 1999 to 276 in 2009, with the absence of water body in 2019. Spatial changes also occurred in PH Township built-up areas indicating an increase in signature values from 3329 in 1999 to 4646 in 2009 and to 6276 in 2019. There was a decrease in vegetation cover of 2044 in 1999 to 1325 in 2009 and 1258 in 2019, bare land also showed a reduction in signature values of 1239 in 1999 to 1142 in 2009 and 791 in 2019 and finally a reduction of water body from 700 in 1999 to 658 in 2009 and 600 in 2019. In Orazi Rumueme, it revealed there was a significant expansion of built-up area value from 2514 in 1999 to 2978 in 2009 and 3936 in 2019. There was a decline in vegetation cover with a value of 678 in 1999 to 517 in 2009 and 426 in 2019. Spatial changes in Eligbam Rumueme, showed that built-up area value increased from 780 in 1999 to 878 in 2009 and 1164 in 2019, thus, resulting to a reduction in the vegetation cover with a value from 625 in 1999 to 537 in 2009 and 251 in 2019 which indicated that urbanization led to significant spatial changes in built-up areas, vegetation cover, bare land and water body in the selected neighborhoods. However, the identified pattern of urbanization in the study areas showed that the selected neighborhoods possessed more built-up areas as of 2019 when compared to 1999 and 2009. The spatial analysis of urbanization using GIS aided in understanding the spatial changes that have occurred in the selected neighborhoods and provided plans for sustainable development.
Surface and build‐up dose comparison between Elekta 6 MV flattening filter and flattening‐filter‐free beams using an advanced Markus ionization chamber and a solid water‐equivalent phantom
Authors: Imae Toshikazu , Takenaka Shigeharu , Watanabe Yuichi , Aoki Atsushi , Matsuda Kanako , Sasaki Katsutake , Saegusa Shigeki , Nawa Kanabu , Nakagawa Keiichi , Abe Osamu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUsing a plane‐parallel advanced Markus ionization chamber and a stack of water‐equivalent solid phantom blocks, percentage surface and build‐up doses of Elekta 6 MV flattening filter (FF) and flattening‐filter‐free (FFF) beams were measured as a function of the phantom depth for field sizes ranging from 2 × 2 to 10 × 10 cm2. It was found that the dose difference between the FF and the FFF beams was relatively small. The maximum dose difference between the FF and the FFF beams was 4.4% at a depth of 1 mm for a field size of 2 × 2 cm2. The dose difference was gradually decreased while the field size was increased up to 10 × 10 cm2. The measured data were also compared to published Varian FF and FFF data, suggesting that the percentage surface and build‐up doses as well as the percentage dose difference between FF and FFF beams by our Elekta linac were smaller than those by the Varian linac.
Ring trial of 2nd generation RT‐QuIC diagnostic tests for sporadic CJD
Authors: Orrú Christina D. , Groveman Bradley R. , Foutz Aaron , Bongianni Matilde , Cardone Franco , McKenzie Neil , Culeux Audrey , Poleggi Anna , Grznarova Katarina , Perra Daniela , Fiorini Michele , Liu Xiaoqin , Ladogana Anna , Sbriccoli Marco , Hughson Andrew G. , Haïk Stéphane , Green Alison J. , Geschwind Michael D. , Pocchiari Maurizio , Safar Jiri G. , Zanusso Gianluigi , Caughey Byron 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveReal‐time quaking‐induced conversion (RT‐QuIC) assays detect prion‐seeding activity in a variety of human biospecimens, including cerebrospinal fluid and olfactory mucosa swabs. The assay has shown high diagnostic accuracy in patients with prion disorders. Recently, advances in these tests have led to markedly improved diagnostic sensitivity and reduced assay times. Accordingly, an algorithm has been proposed that entails the use of RT‐QuIC analysis of both sample types to diagnose sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease with nearly 100% accuracy. Here we present a multi‐center evaluation (ring trial) of the reproducibility of these improved “second generation” RT‐QuIC assays as applied to these diagnostic specimens.MethodsCerebrospinal fluid samples were analyzed from subjects with sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob (n = 55) or other neurological diseases (n = 45) at multiple clinical centers. Olfactory mucosa brushings collected by multiple otolaryngologists were obtained from nine sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease cases and 19 controls. These sample sets were initially tested blindly by RT‐QuIC by a coordinating laboratory, recoded, and then sent to five additional testing laboratories for blinded ring trial testing.ResultsUnblinding of the results by a third party indicated 98‐100% concordance between the results obtained by the testing of these cerebrospinal fluid and nasal brushings at the six laboratories.InterpretationThis second‐generation RT‐QuIC assay is highly transferrable, reproducible, and therefore robust for the diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease in clinical practice.
Hydrogel Cryo‐Microtomy Continuously Making Soft Electronic Devices
Authors: Fu Xuemei , Li Jiaxin , Tang Chengqiang , Xie Songlin , Sun Xuemei , Wang Bingjie , Peng Huisheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStandard fabrication of soft electronic devices with both high controllability and yield is highly desirable but remains a challenge due to the modulus mismatch of component materials through a one‐step process. Here, by mimicking the freeze‐section process of multicomponent biological tissues containing low‐modulus muscles and high‐modulus bones, for the first time, a hydrogel cryo‐microtomy method to continuously making soft electronic devices based on a sol‐solid‐gel transition mechanism is presented. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrolyte and aligned nitrogen‐doped multi‐walled carbon nanotube (N‐MWCNT) array electrode are demonstrated as low‐ and high‐modulus components to fabricate soft supercapacitors with high performances. Stable interfaces form between frozen PVA electrolyte and N‐MWCNT electrodes with matched moduli at subzero temperature and are well maintained during cryo‐microtomy process. The resulting soft supercapacitors realize controllable patterns, tunable thicknesses from 0.5 to 600 μm, high yields such as 20 devices per minute even at lab scale, and high reproducibility with over 75% devices in 15% performance fluctuation. This cryo‐microtomy method is further generalized to fabricate other soft devices such as sensors with high sensing properties.