bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ETV4 overexpression promotes progression of non–small cell lung cancer by upregulating PXN and MMP1 transcriptionally
Authors: Wang Yan , Ding Xiaosong , Liu Bei , Li Minglei , Chang Ying , Shen Haitao , Xie Shelly M. , Xing Lingxiao , Li Yuehong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractETS variant 4 (ETV4), together with ETV1 and ETV5, constitute the PEA3 subfamily of ETS transcription factors, which are implicated in the progression of many cancers. However, the clinicopathologic significance and molecular events regulated by ETV4 in lung cancer are still poorly understood, especially in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Here, we aimed to identify functional targets involved in ETV4‐driven lung tumorigenesis. Microarray analysis and validation data revealed that ETV4 was the most preponderant PEA3 factor, which was significantly related to the advanced stage, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis of non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs; all P < .001). Reduced ETV4 expression suppressed the growth and metastasis of NSCLC both in vivo and in vitro. Microarray, gain, or loss of function and luciferase report assays revealed the direct regulatory effect of ETV4 on the expression of focal adhesion gene PXN and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), and PXN and/or MMP1 inhibition partially abolished cell proliferation and migration induced by ETV4. Kaplan‐Meier analysis indicated that ETV4 and PXN or MMP1 co‐overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in human NSCLCs. In conclusion, the ETV4‐PXN and ETV4‐MMP1 axes are useful biomarkers of tumor progression and worse outcomes in NSCLCs.
On the well‐posedness of periodic problems for the system of hyperbolic equations with finite time delay
Authors: Assanova Anar T. , Iskakova Narkesh B. , Orumbayeva Nurgul T. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA periodic problem for the system of hyperbolic equations with finite time delay is investigated. The investigated problem is reduced to an equivalent problem, consisting the family of periodic problems for a system of ordinary differential equations with finite delay and integral equations using the method of a new functions introduction. Relationship of periodic problem for the system of hyperbolic equations with finite time delay and the family of periodic problems for the system of ordinary differential equations with finite delay is established. Algorithms for finding approximate solutions of the equivalent problem are constructed, and their convergence is proved. Criteria of well‐posedness of periodic problem for the system of hyperbolic equations with finite time delay are obtained.
How to use noninvasive positive airway pressure device data reports to guide clinical care
Authors: Perrem Lucy , Mehta Kevan , Syed Faiza , Baker Adele , Amin Reshma 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThere has been a significant increase in the past few decades in the number of children receiving noninvasive positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy at home. At present, PAP therapy can be successfully used in children of all ages, for a variety of indications. Data acquired from PAP devices is clinically useful, providing objective information regarding adherence, leak, and efficacy of PAP therapy. However, guidelines outlining a standardized approach to interpretation of PAP device data in pediatrics is currently lacking. Given the rapidly expanding use of PAP therapy in pediatric practice, we aim to provide an overview of the interpretation of data reports, otherwise called “data downloads,” from PAP devices and illustrate how they can be used to guide clinical care.
Do different cross‐project defect prediction methods identify the same defective modules?
Authors: Chen Xiang , Mu Yanzhou , Qu Yubin , Ni Chao , Liu Meng , He Tong , Liu Shangqing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCross‐project defect prediction (CPDP) is needed when the target projects are new projects or the projects have less training data, since these projects do not have sufficient historical data to build high‐quality prediction models. The researchers have proposed many CPDP methods, and previous studies have conducted extensive comparisons on the performance of different CPDP methods. However, to the best of our knowledge, it remains unclear whether different CPDP methods can identify the same defective modules, and this issue has not been thoroughly explored. In this article, we select 12 state‐of‐the‐art CPDP methods, including eight supervised methods and four unsupervised methods. We first compare the performance of these methods in the same experiment settings on five widely used datasets (ie, NASA, SOFTLAB, PROMISE, AEEEM, and ReLink) and rank these methods via the Scott‐Knott test. Final results confirm the competitiveness of unsupervised methods. Then we perform diversity analysis on defective modules for these methods by using the McNemar test. Empirical results verify that different CPDP methods may lead to difference in the modules predicted as defective, especially when the comparison is performed between the supervised methods and unsupervised methods. Finally, we also find there exist a certain number of defective modules, which cannot be correctly identified by any of the CPDP methods or can be correctly identified by only one CPDP method. These findings can be utilized to design more effective methods to further improve the performance of CPDP.
Investigation into the sub‐lethal effects of the triazole fungicide triticonazole in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos/larvae
Authors: Souders Christopher L. , Perez‐Rodriguez Veronica , El Ahmadie Nader , Zhang Xujia , Tischuk Claire , Martyniuk Christopher J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGlobal use of azole fungicides is expected to increase over the next several years. Triticonazole is a triazole fungicide that is used for turf protection, residential, and other commercial applications. As such, it can enter local rural and urban water systems via run‐off and rain events. Early life stages of aquatic organisms can be susceptible to pesticides that enter the water, but in the case of triticonazole, data on the potential for subacute toxicity are lacking. Here, we determined the effects of triticonazole on development, oxygen consumption rates, and locomotor activity in zebrafish to address this knowledge gap. Wild‐type zebrafish (ABTu strain) embryos and larvae were exposed to triticonazole (1‐100 μM) in early development for different lengths of time depending on the assay conducted. Triticonazole did not affect survival nor induce significant deformity (pericardial edema, skeletal defects) in zebrafish at doses up to 100 μM. Oxygen consumption rate was measured in embryos after 24 and 48 hour exposure to triticonazole beginning at ∼6 hpf using the XFe flux analyzer. Triticonazole did not affect basal respiration, oligomycin‐induced ATP linked respiration, FCCP‐induced maximum respiration, proton leak, spare capacity, nor non‐mitochondrial respiration at doses up to 100 μM for 24 hours, even for exposure up to 250 μM for 48 hours. To determine whether the fungicide affected larval swimming activity, the visual motor response test was conducted following triticonazole exposure for 6 days. Larval zebrafish exposed to triticonazole showed hypoactivity in the dark following a 100 μM treatment, suggesting that the fungicide can affect the locomotor activity of zebrafish, albeit at relatively high levels. Given the fact that sublethal biological responses were absent at lower environmentally relevant concentrations, we conclude that triticonazole, relative to other triazole fungicides and types of pesticides, exhibits a relatively low risk of toxicity to the early life stages of fish.
Effects of extreme environmental conditions on white‐tailed deer antlers
Authors: Peterson Brian C. , Schoenebeck Casey W. , Fryda Nicolas J. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTAntler size and morphology is the resultant combination of deer age, nutrition, and genetics. Additionally, extreme environmental conditions can affect deer health, which may influence current and future antler metrics. Throughout the antler development season of 2012, the Nebraska, USA, white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herd experienced a combination of extreme environmental conditions including extreme drought and disease, which we hypothesized would negatively affect antler size and morphology. Our objectives were to evaluate whether 1) age‐specific antler metrics differed between deer stressed by an extreme environmental condition year compared with nonextreme condition years, and 2) subsequent age‐specific antler metrics of a cohort born during an extreme environmental condition year differed from those born during nonextreme condition years. We measured antler metrics on harvested white‐tailed deer from central Nebraska for an 8‐year period (2009–2016) that spanned the extreme environmental condition year. Over this same time period, we measured pedicle seal depth on naturally cast antlers. Some trends were apparent for specific antler metrics in particular age groups; but, overall, antler metrics measured from harvested deer were not consistently affected during the extreme environmental condition year. Conversely, pedicle seal depths responded to environmental stressors and were smaller during the extreme environmental condition year compared with nonextreme condition years. We found effects to persist for years following extreme environmental stress—antler metrics of the extreme environmental condition cohort were smaller compared with nonextreme years. These results suggest that stressors caused by extreme environmental conditions can affect deer health and be indexed using sensitive metrics taken on cast antlers. Furthermore, effects on antler metrics can persist, affecting subsequent antler expression for cohorts that experience extreme environmental conditions during their first year of life. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Synthesizing optimally resilient controllers
Authors: Neider Daniel , Weinert Alexander , Zimmermann Martin 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recently, Dallal, Neider, and Tabuada studied a generalization of the classical game-theoretic model used in program synthesis, which additionally accounts for unmodeled intermittent disturbances. In this extended framework, one is interested in computing optimally resilient strategies, i.e., strategies that are resilient against as many disturbances as possible. Dallal, Neider, and Tabuada showed how to compute such strategies for safety specifications. In this work, we compute optimally resilient strategies for a much wider range of winning conditions and show that they do not require more memory than winning strategies in the classical model. Our algorithms only have a polynomial overhead in comparison to the ones computing winning strategies. In particular, for parity conditions, optimally resilient strategies are positional and can be computed in quasipolynomial time.
Honeycomb sterna: an unusual case of a developmental abnormality in the sternum
Authors: Hirst Cara Stella , White S. , Siek T. , Gasparik A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This report details an unusual case of a human sternal developmental abnormality of an anatomical specimen part of the skeletal collection curated by University College London, Anthropology Department skeletal collection. This rarely reported developmental abnormality is caused by the non-fusion of lateral ossification centres in the sternebrae, resulting in the mesosternum having a honeycomb-like appearance. Sternal defects are typically underreported in the clinical literature as many cases being asymptomatic that they are typically diagnosed incidentally, as such there is a dearth in our current understanding of the development and anatomical variants of the sternum. Although in recent years, large-scale CT studies have investigated the prevalence of sternal developmental abnormalities, these studies have not reported sternal defects similar to the individual presented in this report. While most sternal defects are clinically uneventful, the lack of awareness of these variants can result in misinterpretation of radiological and pathological findings as such an understanding of anatomical variants even when asymptomatic is vital.
Mice expressing the variant rs1143679 allele of ITGAM (CD11b) show impaired DC-mediated T cell proliferation
Authors: Avery Justin T. , Jimenez Rachel V. , Blake Joseph L. , Wright Tyler T. , Leόn-Ruiz Beatriz , Schoeb Trenton R. , Szalai Alexander J. , Bullard Daniel C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) and functional genomic analyses have implicated severalITGAM(CD11b) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the development of SLE and other disorders.ITGAMencodes the αMchain of the β2integrin Mac-1, a receptor that plays important roles in myeloid cell functions. TheITGAMSNP rs1143679, which results in an arginine to histidine change at amino acid position 77 of the CD11b protein, has been shown to reduce binding to several ligands and to alter Mac-1-mediated cellular response in vitro. Importantly, however, the potential contribution of this SNP variant to the initiation and/or progression of immune and inflammatory processes in vivo remains unexplored. Herein, we describe for the first time the generation and characterization of a mouse line expressing the 77His variant of CD11b. Surprisingly, we found that 77His did not significantly affect Mac-1-mediated leukocyte migration and activation as assessed using thioglycollate-induced peritonitis and LPS/TNF-α-induced dermal inflammation models. In contrast, expression of this variant did alter T cell immunity, as evidenced by significantly reduced proliferation of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific transgenic T cells in 77His mice immunized with OVA. Reduced antigen-specific T cell proliferation was also observed when either 77His splenic dendritic cells (DCs) or bone marrow-derived DCs were used as antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Although more work is necessary to determine how this alteration might influence the development of SLE or other diseases, these in vivo findings suggest that the 77His variant of CD11b can compromise the ability of DCs to induce antigen-driven T cell proliferation.
Analysis of the comprehensive management of sewage sludge in Poland
Authors: Przydatek Grzegorz , Wota Aldona Katarzyna 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe methods of sewage sludge management in Poland have largely been determined by the legal requirements related to the Poland’s membership in the European Union. Since 1st January 2016, sewage sludge landfilling is prohibited. It must be emphasised that legal changes regarding wastewater management, along with the systematic increase in the volume of produced sludge, entail the necessity to change the existing method of sewage sludge management. This paper contains an analysis of solutions for management of sewage sludge produced in Poland over the period of 8 years. The goal of the work was an assessment of comprehensive management of sewage sludge produced in Poland from 2009 to 2016. Despite the decrease in the agricultural use of sewage sludge, their average share of 32% was the highest among other forms of sewage sludge management in Poland. Another form, related with the final stage of sewage sludge management, concerned its thermal processing. It was treated as a promising method, with a 19% increase over the analysed period. An optimal solution should be found to ensure safe management of sewage sludge.
Surgical Strategies for the Treatment of Lumbar Pseudarthrosis in Degenerative Spine Surgery: A Literature Review and Case Study
Authors: Derman Peter B. , Singh Kern 
Published: October 2019

Background Pseudarthrosis after lumbar fusion can generate pain and disability and often requires revision. However, results of revision procedures have historically been relatively poor. Questions/Purpose The aim of this review was to examine the current evidence related to the management of lumbar pseudarthrosis, with a focus on revision after failure of posterolateral fusion or lumbar interbody fusion. Methods A review of orthopedic spine literature published before March 2019 was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. Studies addressing revision after failed posterolateral fusions and after failed interbody fusion were selected. We also present a case of successful revision after failed transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF). Results The review revealed that persistent pseudarthrosis after revision posterolateral fusion occurs at rates of 35 to 51%. No significant difference has been demonstrated in rates of successful fusion after anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) and ALIF with revision posterolateral fusion for pseudarthroses after failed TLIF procedures (81% versus 88%), although ALIF alone may be appealing because it avoids further disruption of the posterior musculature. No significant differences have been observed in quality-of-life scores among patients undergoing revision after posterolateral fusion, TLIF, ALIF, or ALIF with posterior fusion. Failed TLIF cages may be extracted and replaced through an anterior or lateral approach. If the geometry of the failed cage permits insertion of a second cage, a contralateral approach may be used. Revision retroperitoneal approaches are associated with higher complication rates. Conclusions The management of lumbar pseudarthrosis requires careful planning, as well as intra-operative attention to detail, for revision surgery to be successful. Circumferential procedures have shown success in revision posterolateral and interbody fusion failures.
Finet’s Law as a Special Case of the Generalised Murray’s Law
Authors: Zieliński Jakub , Nowosielski Jędrzej M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A thorough knowledge of statistical properties of the coronary artery tree is very important in cardiology. We present generalised form of Murray’s law—the first law that described the relationship between vessel diameters in bifurcation. We show that other frequently used laws: Huo-Kassab and Finet’s rules are the special cases of its generalised form. We show theoretically that the Finet’s law is met with an apparently paradoxical relationship between the lengths and diameters of the vessels. Based on the analysis of CT 3D scans, we show that in the left coronary artery the diameters and lengths of vessels are inversely proportional which explains the applicability of the Finet’s law. We justify theoretically the value of coefficient defining Finet’s law.
Ragweed in Denmark: Should We Prevent Introduction or Mitigate Damages?
Authors: Schou Jesper S. , Jensen Frank 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this article, we conduct a number of benefit–cost analyses to clarify whether the establishment of ragweed in Denmark should be prevented (pure prevention) or if the damage from this invasive species should be mitigated (pure mitigation). The main impact of the establishment of ragweed in Denmark would be a substantial increase in the number of allergy cases, which we use as a measure of the physical damage from this species. As valuation methods, we use both the cost-of-illness and benefit transfer methods to quantify the total gross benefits of these two policy actions. Based on the idea of an invasion function, we identify the total and average net benefits under both prevention and mitigation and find that all are significantly positive regardless of the valuation method. Therefore, both prevention and mitigation are beneficial policy actions, but the total and average net benefits under mitigation are larger than those under prevention in all the scenarios we consider. This finding implies that the former policy action is more beneficial. Despite this result, we propose that prevention, not mitigation, may be the proper policy because of information externalities, altruistic preferences, possible catastrophic events, and ethical considerations.
A tribe as an economic actor: The Cihanbeyli tribe and the meat provisioning of İstanbul in the early Tanzimat era
Authors: Köksal Yonca , Polatel Mehmet 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis article studies how the Cihanbeyli tribe became a crucial economic actor for the meat supply of İstanbul, by focusing on a conflict between the tribe’s leader, Alişan Bey, and the Russian trader David Savalan, which lasted from the 1840s to the 1850s in and around the province of Ankara. Two important processes of the early Tanzimat era had an impact on the Cihanbeyli’s role in animal trade. First, as part of the centralization project of the Tanzimat, the Cihanbeyli tribe was sedentarized in the 1840s and 1850s. Second, although the Ottoman state adopted liberal economic policies during the Tanzimat, the provisioning of meat to the imperial capital continued until 1857. Therefore, the article examines the Cihanbeyli’s role in the animal trade in the light of these administrative and economic changes. Our findings support the argument that tribes were an integral part of the imperial economy, politics, and society. The dependence of the Ottoman state on the supply of meat by the Cihanbeyli increased significantly from the seventeenth to the mid-nineteenth century. This opposes the conventional view that posits tribes as primordial forms hindering economic and social development in the modernization processes of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Gauging the effectiveness of canal occlusion surgery: how I do it
Authors: Hassannia F , Douglas-Jones P , Rutka J A 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundTransmastoid occlusion of the posterior or superior semicircular canal is an effective and safe management option in patients with refractory benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or symptomatic superior semicircular canal dehiscence. A method of quantifying successful canal occlusion surgery is described.MethodsThis paper presents representative patients with intractable benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or symptomatic superior semicircular canal dehiscence, who underwent transmastoid occlusion of the posterior or superior semicircular canal respectively. Vestibular function was assessed pre- and post-operatively. The video head impulse test was included as a measure of semicircular canal and vestibulo-ocular reflex functions.ResultsPost-operative video head impulse testing showed reduced vestibulo-ocular reflex gain in occluded canals. Gain remained normal in the non-operated canals. Post-operative audiometry demonstrated no change in hearing in the benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patient and slight hearing improvement in the superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome patient.ConclusionTransmastoid occlusion of the posterior or superior semicircular canal is effective and safe for treating troublesome benign paroxysmal positional vertigo or symptomatic superior semicircular canal dehiscence. Post-operative video head impulse testing demonstrating a reduction in vestibulo-ocular reflex gain can reliably confirm successful occlusion of the canal and is a useful adjunct in post-operative evaluation.