bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disease‐Specific IgG Fc Glycosylation Ratios as Personalized Biomarkers to Differentiate Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer from Benign Lung Diseases
Authors: Zhang Dan , Li Xiaoou , Liu Xiaofeng , Wang Yanmin , Zhang Mo , Wang Qing , Chen Tianjing , Li Zhili 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe authors aimed to separate Fc N‐glycopeptides of disease‐specific immunoglobulin G (DSIgG) as personalized biomarkers to distinguish non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from benign lung diseases (BLDs).Experimental designDSIgG from 509 BLDs patients and 477 NSCLC patients was isolated using native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and then the Fc glycosylation was determined using mass spectrometry.ResultsFor the patients below 60 years of age, a combination of the glycopeptides ratios with one fucose residue difference of DSIgG1 and DSIgG2 can differentiate NSCLC from BLDs, with area under curve (AUC) values of >0.76, sensitivities of >87%, and specificities of >61%. For the patients above 60 years of age, a combination of the glycopeptides ratios with one monosaccharide residue of DSIgG2 can differentiate NSCLC from BLDs, with AUC values of >0.78, sensitivities of >91%, and specificities of >54%. For the same participants, the commonly used clinical biomarkers have AUC values of 0.5–0.621, sensitivities of 15.8–32.9%, and specificities of 75.7–90.5%.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that these DSIgG Fc glycoforms are potential personalized biomarkers to differentiate NSCLC from BLDs.
Dams select individual morphology but do not modify upstream migration speed of tropical amphidromous gobies
Authors: Lagarde Raphaël , Borie Guillaume , Ponton Dominique 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFish locomotor performance depends on inter‐individual morphological differences and influences the response of populations to anthropogenic impacts. Amphidromous gobies,Sicyopterus lagocephalusandCotylopus acutipinniscan climb up obstacles several metres high, after their arrival in rivers from the ocean. A previous study demonstrated that juveniles ofS.lagocephalusperformed better thanC.acutipinniswhen challenged with an artificial climbing ramp, and that individual morphology explained climbing performance for both species. This present study was focused on the effects of two 10‐m high dams on the individual morphological selection of these species. We hypothesized that, compared withC.acutipinnis, (a)S.lagocephalusjuveniles will reach the dams faster after they arrive in freshwater and (b) their morphology will play a lesser role in their capacity to climb up the dams. Anatomical traits were measured for 186 and 201S.lagocephalusand 179 and 221C.acutipinniscaptured downstream and upstream of the dams, respectively. The time they spent in freshwater was estimated by examining the microstructures of their otoliths. As expected,S.lagocephalusindividuals reached the dams 10–20 days faster thanC.acutipinnis, and their morphology upstream and downstream of the dams did not differ, in contrast toC.acutipinnis. Upstream of the dam,C.acutipinnishad a larger pelvic sucker than downstream, confirming experimental observations. It suggests that juveniles of the cosmopolitanS.lagocephalushave more efficient upstream migration capacities than the endemicC.acutipinnis. Moreover, differences in individual morphologies above and below barriers appear efficient for quantifying their impact on upstream migration of amphidromous species.
Fabrication of Strontium Nitrate Nanoparticles through a Spraying‐in Non‐Solvent Process Optimized by Taguchi Approach
Authors: Pourmortazavi Seied Mahdi , Keramati Ahmad , Mirsadeghi Somayeh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe operation variables of the solution spraying‐in non‐solvent as a micronization process were effectively optimized through Taguchi robust design to obtain Sr(NO3)2 nanoparticles. The process conditions, which were evaluated at two levels, included the concentration of Sr(NO3)2, type of the non‐solvent, the approach of solution adding to the non‐solvent, temperature, type and ratio of the modifier. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to quantitatively evaluate the role of these operating conditions on the size of resulting Sr(NO3)2 particles. It was found that spraying‐in non‐solvent technique can be adjusted to efficiently control the size of Sr(NO3)2 particles by optimizing the operating conditions. The results showed that at the concentration of 85% (w/v) Sr(NO3)2 in aqueous solution, using methanol as the non‐solvent, tuning 5
as the non‐solvent temperature, adding the solution by spraying, utilizing methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) as the modifier and 1:4 as the modifier/non‐solvent ratio lead to optimal results in terms of the properties of the Sr(NO3)2 nanoparticles. The experimental data confirmed that the formation of Sr(NO3)2 nanoparticles with an average size of about 38 nm under optimal process conditions.
Cancer Modeling‐on‐a‐Chip with Future Artificial Intelligence Integration
Authors: Fetah Kirsten Lee , DiPardo Benjamin J. , Kongadzem Eve‐Mary , Tomlinson James S. , Elzagheid Adam , Elmusrati Mohammed , Khademhosseini Ali , Ashammakhi Nureddin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, despite the large efforts to improve the understanding of cancer biology and development of treatments. The attempts to improve cancer treatment are limited by the complexity of the local milieu in which cancer cells exist. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a diverse population of tumor cells and stromal cells with immune constituents, microvasculature, extracellular matrix components, and gradients of oxygen, nutrients, and growth factors. The TME is not recapitulated in traditional models used in cancer investigation, limiting the translation of preliminary findings to clinical practice. Advances in 3D cell culture, tissue engineering, and microfluidics have led to the development of “cancer‐on‐a‐chip” platforms that expand the ability to model the TME in vitro and allow for high‐throughput analysis. The advances in the development of cancer‐on‐a‐chip platforms, implications for drug development, challenges to leveraging this technology for improved cancer treatment, and future integration with artificial intelligence for improved predictive drug screening models are discussed.
Queue length asymptotics for the multiple-server queue with heavy-tailed Weibull service times
Authors: Bazhba Mihail , Blanchet Jose , Rhee Chang-Han , Zwart Bert 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We study the occurrence of large queue lengths in the GI / GI / d queue with heavy-tailed Weibull-type service times. Our analysis hinges on a recently developed sample path large-deviations principle for Lévy processes and random walks, following a continuous mapping approach. Also, we identify and solve a key variational problem which provides physical insight into the way a large queue length occurs. In contrast to the regularly varying case, we observe several subtle features such as a non-trivial trade-off between the number of big jobs and their sizes and a surprising asymmetric structure in asymptotic job sizes leading to congestion.
Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery among Hungarian Women in a Global Context: the Hungarian Version of the Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale (ACSS)
Authors: Meskó Norbert , Láng András 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn recent years, the popularity of surgical cosmetic procedures has dramatically increased in the Western world. The Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale (ACSS) provides a measure of psychological acceptance of cosmetic surgery. The original instrument (ACSS) contains three subscales (Interpersonal, Social, and Consider). Since its publication, the ACSS has been adapted for many languages. The primary objective of the present study was to develop the Hungarian version of the ACSS. Furthermore, focus was laid on whether the original factor structure could be replicated with a Hungarian sample despite expectable cultural differences from other national samples. To obtain cross-culturally comparable data, the same scales were used for psychometric analysis as those used in the development of the original ACSS and its various national versions. The Hungarian sample included 482 female participants aged between 18 and 68 years (M = 29.02, SD = 10.71), who completed a questionnaire battery. Validity of the Hungarian version was tested with the following measures: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-3 (SATAQ-3), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS), and the Photographic Figure Rating Scale (PFRS) developed for women. The results show that the obtained Hungarian version of the ACSS is a reliable and valid measure, which enables researchers in the field to study Hungarian samples. Furthermore, the factor structure of the Hungarian scale is identical with that of the original ACSS, which enables reliable cross-cultural comparisons. For these reasons, the authors expect that the Hungarian ACSS will stimulate more in-depth quantitative research on attitudes towards cosmetic surgery within the Hungarian context, and it will also contribute to a better understanding of acceptance of cosmetic surgery from a cross-cultural perspective.
Field study results of a 3rd generation roof bolter canopy air curtain for respirable coal mine dust control
Authors: Reed W. R. , Shahan M. , Klima S. , Ross G. , Singh K. , Cross R. , Grounds T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA 3rd generation roof bolter canopy air curtain (CAC) has been developed and constructed by J.H. Fletcher & Co., Inc. As with the previous generation of the CAC, this design uses the principle of providing uniform airflow across the canopy area as recommended by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The new modifications include a plenum that is constructed of a single flat aluminum plate, smaller-diameter airflow openings, and a single row of perimeter nozzles designed to prevent mine air contaminated by respirable dust from entering the CAC protection zone. Field testing was conducted on this new 3rd generation design showing reductions in coal mine respirable dust exposure for roof bolter operators. Dust control efficiencies for the CAC for the left bolter operator (intake side) ranged from approximately 26%–60%, while the efficiencies for the CAC for the right bolter operator (return side) ranged from 3% to 47%.
Associations between participation in a Physical Activity‐Based Positive Youth Development Program and Academic Outcomes
Authors: McDavid Lindley , McDonough Meghan H. , Wong Janet B. , Snyder Frank J. , Ruiz Yumary , Blankenship Bonnie B. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionPhysical activity‐based positive youth development (PYD) programs offer asset building experiences to foster the overall well‐being of youth. These programs have the potential to enhance success in other important contexts for children, such as school. However, rigorous examination of this potential impact is needed.MethodsPropensity score matching was used to compare school outcomes among children who participated in a short, summer physical activity‐based PYD program in the USA and children who were from similar backgrounds and from the same school district but did not attend the program. The sample included 149 pairs of students aged 7–12 years (M = 10.11, SD = 1.26) and, in each group, 62% were from ethnically diverse backgrounds, 38% were from primarily Caucasian backgrounds, and 80 were female and 69 were male, and birth years were equally distributed. Ordinal and logistic regression models were used to test for differences between standardized math and language arts test scores, excused and unexcused absences, and total suspensions and expulsions between the two groups.ResultsPYD program youth had 55% and 46% greater odds being in the highest math (χ2(1, N = 298) = 4.06, p = .04) and total days attended categories (χ2(1, N = 298) = 5.58, p = .02) respectively. No other significant differences were found. When using a more rigorous quasi‐experimental and longitudinal design, participation in a PYD program predicted some but not all academic performance and behaviors. PYD programs may need to be designed to specifically nurture academic skills to consistently impact academic outcomes.
Oceanic environment changes caused the Late Ordovician extinction: evidence from geochemical and Nd isotopic composition in the Yangtze area, South China
Authors: Yang Xiangrong , Yan Detian , Li Tong , Zhang Liwei , Zhang Bao , He Jie , Fan Haoyuan , Shangguan Yunfei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Ordovician–Silurian (O–S) transition was a critical interval in geological history. Multiple geochemical methods are used to explore the changes in oceanic environment. The Nd isotopic compositions in the Yangtze Sea are controlled by two sources: the continental erosion and the Panthalassa Ocean. HighεNd(t) values during the Katian, late Hirnantian and Rhuddanian intervals are associated with the high sea level, which resulted in less terrestrial input based on the low Ti/Al and Zr/Al ratios. In contrast, lowεNd(t) values during the early Hirnantian interval are related to the sea-level fall; in this case, the exposure of submarine highs and the growth of Yangtze Oldlands could lead to more continental materials being transported into the Yangtze Sea based on high Ti/Al and Zr/Al ratios. In addition, the negativeεNd(t) excursion can also be attributed to the weak circulation between the Yangtze Sea and Panthalassa Ocean when sea level was low. Furthermore, the sea-level eustacy plays a significant role in the changes in redox water conditions. The redox indices, mainly UEF, Ce/Ce* and Corg/PT, across the O–S transition show a predominance of anoxic ocean over the Yangtze Sea during the Katian, late Hirnantian and Rhuddanian intervals, and an oxygenated episode was briefly introduced during the early Hirnantian period because of the fall in sea level. The Late Ordovician biotic crisis was marked by two-phase extinction events, and the change in sea level and redox chemistry may be the important kill mechanisms.
The effect of physiological state, milk production traits and environmental conditions on milk fat globule size in cow's milk
Authors: Walter Leonie , Finch Sue , Cullen Brendan , Fry Richard , Logan Amy , Leury Brian J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis research was carried out to quantify the effects of a range of variables on milk fat globule (MFG) size for a herd of Holstein-Friesian cows managed through an automatic milking system with year-round calving. We hypothesised that the overall variation in average MFG size observed between individual animals of the same herd cannot sufficiently be explained by the magnitude of the effects of variables that could be manipulated on-farm. Hence, we aimed to conduct an extensive analysis of possible determinants of MFG size, including physiological characteristics (parity, days in milk, days pregnant, weight, age, rumination minutes, somatic cell count) and milk production traits (number of milkings, milk yield, fat yield, protein and fat content, fat-protein ratio) on the individual animal level; and environmental conditions (diet, weather, season) for the whole herd. Our results show that when analysed in isolation, many of the studied variables have a detectable effect on MFG size. However, analysis of their additive effects identified days in milk, parity and milk yield as the most important variables. In accordance with our hypothesis, the estimated effects of these variables, calculated using a multiple variable linear mixed model, do not sufficiently explain the overall variation between cows, ranging from 2.70 to 5.69 µm in average MFG size. We further show that environmental variables, such as sampling day (across seasons) or the proportion of pasture and silage in the diet, have limited effects on MFG size and that physiological differences outweigh the effects of milk production traits and environmental conditions. This presents further evidence that the selection of individual animals is more important than the adjustment of on-farm variables to control MFG size.
If I [Take] Leave, Will You Stay? Paternity Leave and Relationship Stability
Authors: PETTS RICHARD J. , CARLSON DANIEL L. , KNOESTER CHRIS 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRecent European studies suggest that fathers’ leave-taking may contribute to parental relationship stability. Paternity leave-taking may signal a commitment by fathers toward a greater investment in family life, which may reduce the burden on mothers and strengthen parental relationships. This study uses longitudinal data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort (ECLS-B) to analyze the association between paternity leave-taking and relationship stability in the United States. Results indicate that paternity leave-taking, and taking relatively short leaves (i.e. two weeks or less) in particular, is associated with greater relationship stability. These findings increase our understanding of the potential benefits of paternity leave, and can inform policy decisions that aim to increase family stability.
Cosmogenic 10Be exposure dating of glacial erratics on Horseshoe Island in western Antarctic Peninsula confirms rapid deglaciation in the Early Holocene
Authors: Çiner Attila , Yildirim Cengiz , Sarikaya M. Akif , Seong Yeong Bae , Yong Yu Byung 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe rapid warming observed in the western Antarctic Peninsula gives rise to a fast disintegration of ice shelves and thinning and retreat of marine-terminating continental glaciers, which is likely to raise global sea levels in the near future. In order to understand the contemporary changes in context and to provide constraints for hindcasting models, it is important to understand the Late Quaternary history of the region. Here, we build on previous work on the deglacial history of the western Antarctic Peninsula and we present four new cosmogenic 10Be exposure ages from Horseshoe Island in Marguerite Bay, which has been suggested as a former location of very fast ice stream retreat. Four samples collected from erratic pink granite boulders at an altitude of ~80 m above sea level yielded ages that range between 12.9 ± 1.1 ka and 9.4 ± 0.8 ka. As in other studies on Antarctic erratics, we have chosen to report the youngest erratic age (9.4 ± 0.8 ka) as the true age of deglaciation, which confirms a rapid thinning of the Marguerite Trough Ice Stream at the onset of Holocene. This result is consistent with other cosmogenic age data and other proxies (marine and lacustrine 14C and optically stimulated luminescence) reported from nearby areas.
Larger Future Intensification of Rainfall in the West African Sahel in a Convection‐Permitting Model
Authors: Berthou S. , Kendon E. J. , Rowell D. P. , Roberts M. J. , Tucker S. , Stratton R. A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMonsoon rainfall in West Africa mostly comes from mesoscale convective systems, which are not well represented by standard convection‐parameterized regional climate models (RCMs). We use a 4.5 km resolution convection‐permitting RCM (CP4A) which has a good representation of these processes in the Sahel. By comparing the climate change signals of CP4A and a standard RCM (R25), we find that changes in mean rainfall and wet‐day frequency are linearly related. However, rainfall intensity changes are independent. Intensification of rainfall is larger in CP4A and happens in regions of both increasing and decreasing mean rainfall. Rainfall from extreme events increases by a factor of 5 to 10 in CP4A, compared to 2 to 3 in R25. CP4A also shows larger changes in intraseasonal rainfall variability, dry spells, and short and long duration extreme rainfall than R25, all of which are relevant for hydrology and agriculture.
Simple Metrics Predict Salt‐Marsh Sediment Fluxes
Authors: Nowacki Daniel J. , Ganju Neil K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe growth (or decay) of salt marshes depends on suspended‐sediment flux into and out of the marsh. Suspended‐sediment concentration (SSC) is a key element of the flux, and SSC‐based metrics reflect the long‐term sediment‐flux trajectories of a variety of salt marshes. One metric, the flood‐ebb SSC differential, correlates with area‐normalized sediment flux and can indicate salt‐marsh resilience over months to years. We hypothesize that these metrics may be relevant over shorter time periods. With data from 13 salt‐marsh channels, we show that sediment flux direction and magnitude can be inferred from SSC differential over a wide range of timescales. Furthermore, in settings characterized by a standing tidal wave, the water‐level gradient can be used instead of velocity to compute the SSC differential, enabling less‐intensive measurements that capture fundamental sediment‐flux parameters. Distilling the sediment‐flux trajectory into simple metrics improves sediment‐budget assessment, drives geomorphic model development, and clarifies field observations.
Contributions of Extreme and Non‐Extreme Precipitation to California Precipitation Seasonality Changes Under Warming
Authors: Dong Lu , Leung L. Ruby , Lu Jian , Gao Yang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChanges in seasonality of extreme precipitation have important implications for flood and fire hazards and water resources. Here we explore the contributions of extreme and non‐extreme precipitation in the sharpened wet season in California under warming and the underlying mechanisms. Modeling evidence shows that increased extreme precipitation due to enhanced extreme intensity and more extreme days dominates the wetter winter, while decreased non‐extreme precipitation due to fewer wet days induces the dryer spring and fall. Moisture budget analysis indicates that increased moisture dominates the extreme precipitation increase in winter, while weakened circulation offsets the moisture increase, resulting in no changes in spring and fall. The sharpened seasonal cycle of extreme precipitation via both dynamic and thermodynamic effects is consistent with the seasonality changes in atmospheric river days and is mainly attributed to the seasonality changes in the number of extreme days rather than the intensity during extreme days.
Data‐Driven Modeling of the Distribution of Diazotrophs in the Global Ocean
Authors: Tang Weiyi , Cassar Nicolas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDiazotrophs play a critical role in the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen, carbon, and other elements in the global ocean. Despite their well‐recognized role, the diversity, abundance, and distribution of diazotrophs in the world's ocean remain poorly characterized largely due to limited observations. Here we update the database of diazotroph nifH gene abundances and assess how environmental factors may regulate diazotrophs at the global scale. Our meta‐analysis more than doubles the number of observations in the previous database. Using linear and nonlinear regressions, we find that the abundances of Trichodesmium, UCYN‐A, UCYN‐B, and Richelia relate differently to temperature, light, and nutrients. We further apply a random forest algorithm to estimate the global distributions of these diazotrophic groups, identifying undersampled potential hot spots of diazotrophy in the South Atlantic and southern Indian Ocean, and in coastal waters. The distinct ecophysiologies of diazotrophs highlighted here argue for separate parameterizations of different diazotrophs in model simulations.