bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Ciprofloxacin/Celecoxib combination in zebrafish models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Goldshtein Hagit , Muhire Alexandre , Petel Légaré Virginie , Pushett Avital , Rotkopf Ron , Shefner Jeremy M. , Peterson Randall T , Armstrong Gary A. B. , Russek‐ Blum Niva 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of a fixed‐dose combination of two approved drugs, Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib, as a potential therapeutic treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).MethodsToxicity and efficacy of Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib were tested, each alone and in distinct ratio combinations in SOD1 G93R transgenic zebrafish model for ALS. Quantification of swimming measures following stimuli, measurements of axonal projections from the spinal cord, neuromuscular junction structure and morphometric analysis of microglia cells were performed in the combination‐ treated vs nontreated mutant larvae. Additionally, quantifications of touch‐evoked locomotor escape response were conducted in treated vs nontreated zebrafish expressing the TARDBP G348C ALS variant.ResultsWhen administered individually, Ciprofloxacin had a mild effect and Celecoxib had no therapeutic effect. However, combined Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib (Cipro/Celecox) treatment caused a significant increase of ~ 84% in the distance the SOD1 G93R transgenic larvae swam. Additionally, Cipro/Celecox elicited recovery of impaired motor neurons morphology and abnormal neuromuscular junction structure and preserved the ramified morphology of microglia cells in the SOD1 mutants. Furthermore, larvae expressing the TDP‐43 mutation displayed evoked touch responses that were significantly longer in swim distance (110% increase) and significantly higher in maximal swim velocity (~44% increase) when treated with Cipro/Celecox combination.InterpretationCipro/Celecox combination improved locomotor and cellular deficits of ALS zebrafish models. These results identify this novel combination as effective, and may prove promising for the treatment of ALS.
Inducing Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Expose Immunogens: A DNA Tetrahedron Nanoregulator for Enhanced Immunotherapy
Authors: Li Yanhua , Zhang Xia , Wan Xiuyan , Liu Xiaohan , Pan Wei , Li Na , Tang Bo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractImmunogenic cell death (ICD) is an important modulation type for stimulating anticancer immune responses and amplifying immunotherapy efficacy. When ICD occurs, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a vital role for exposing immunogens. Herein, a functionalized DNA tetrahedron nanoregulator to specifically trigger ER stress for enhancing cancer immunotherapy is designed. The nanoregulator can target ER organelles by binding to the sulfonamide receptor of cancer cells. Then glucose depletion and reactive oxygen species generation cause a strong ER stress response to induce ICD to expose tumor immunogens. Thereafter, the dendritic cell (DC) maturation is promoted, and T cell proliferation and infiltration are stimulated to advance cancer immunotherapy. Combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor (α‐PD‐1), the ER stress triggered nanoregulator exhibits significant suppression for breast cancer and melanoma.
High‐Performance Li–O2 Batteries Based on All‐Graphene Backbone
Authors: Ma Yong , Wei Le , Gu Yuting , Hu Jiapeng , Chen Yujie , Qi Pengwei , Zhao Xiaohui , Peng Yang , Deng Zhao , Liu Zhongfan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Li–O2 battery is one of the most captivating energy storage forms due to its extraordinarily high energy density and the readily its the ready availability of oxygen. However, significant challenges lie ahead on both the anode and cathode sides before the technology can be finally deployed to benefit human life. Herein, a two‐birds‐one‐stone tactic is implemented to fabricate high‐performance and flexible Li–O2 batteries utilizing only one structural backbone composed of graphene oxide aerogel embedding hollow NiCo2O4 microspheres for both the anode and cathode. While the composite Li anode fabricated through lithium infusion exhibits an ultrahigh capacity of 3398.4 mAh g−1 and significantly inhibits dendrite growth and volume expansion, the freestanding oxygen cathode demonstrates great capability in promoting energy efficiency by catalyzing reversible Li2O2 formation. When coupled together, the resultant Li–O2 batteries manifest a superb long‐term cycling stability with highly reversible discharge/charge for more than 400 cycles, apart from the remarkable mechanical deformability demonstrated by flexible pouch cells. By employing a full spectrum of ex situ and operando spectroscopic and microscopic tools, mechanistic insights into the remarkable Li–O2 performance are given.
Ultrathin and Robust Hydrogel Coatings on Cardiovascular Medical Devices to Mitigate Thromboembolic and Infectious Complications
Authors: Parada German , Yu Yan , Riley William , Lojovich Sarah , Tshikudi Diane , Ling Qing , Zhang Yefang , Wang Jiaxin , Ling Lei , Yang Yueying , Nadkarni Seemantini , Nabzdyk Christoph , Zhao Xuanhe 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThromboembolic and infectious complications stemming from the use of cardiovascular medical devices are still common and result in significant morbidity and mortality. There is no strategy to date that effectively addresses both challenges at the same time. Various surface modification strategies (e.g., silver, heparin, and liquid‐impregnated surfaces) are proposed yet each has several limitations and shortcomings. Here, it is shown that the incorporation of an ultrathin and mechanically robust hydrogel layer reduces bacterial adhesion to medical‐grade tubing by 95%. It is additionally demonstrated, through a combination of in vitro and in vivo tests, that the hydrogel layer significantly reduces the formation and adhesion of blood clots to the tubing without affecting the blood's intrinsic clotting ability. The adhesion of clots to the tubing walls is reduced by over 90% (in vitro model), which results in an ≈60% increase in the device occlusion time (time before closure due to clot formation) in an in vivo porcine model. The advantageous properties of this passive coating make it a promising surface material candidate for medical devices interfacing with blood.
Biofabrication of Hepatic Constructs by 3D Bioprinting of a Cell‐Laden Thermogel: An Effective Tool to Assess Drug‐Induced Hepatotoxic Response
Authors: Gori Manuele , Giannitelli Sara M. , Torre Miranda , Mozetic Pamela , Abbruzzese Franca , Trombetta Marcella , Traversa Enrico , Moroni Lorenzo , Rainer Alberto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA thermoresponsive Pluronic/alginate semisynthetic hydrogel is used to bioprint 3D hepatic constructs, with the aim to investigate liver‐specific metabolic activity of the 3D constructs compared to traditional 2D adherent cultures. The bioprinting method relies on a bioinert hydrogel and is characterized by high‐shape fidelity, mild depositing conditions and easily controllable gelation mechanism. Furthermore, the dissolution of the sacrificial Pluronic templating agent significantly ameliorates the diffusive properties of the printed hydrogel. The present findings demonstrate high viability and liver‐specific metabolic activity, as assessed by synthesis of urea, albumin, and expression levels of the detoxifying CYP1A2 enzyme of cells embedded in the 3D hydrogel system. A markedly increased sensitivity to a well‐known hepatotoxic drug (acetaminophen) is observed for cells in 3D constructs compared to 2D cultures. Therefore, the 3D model developed herein may represent an in vitro alternative to animal models for investigating drug‐induced hepatotoxicity.
Nitrone/Imine Selectivity Switch in Base‐Catalysed Reaction of Aryl Acetic Acid Esters with Nitrosoarenes: Joint Experimental and Computational Study
Authors: Volpe Chiara , Meninno Sara , Roselli Angelo , Mancinelli Michele , Mazzanti Andrea , Lattanzi Alessandra 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHerein we report a mild and diastereoselective access to ketonitrones by reacting easily available aryl acetic acid esters and other active methylene compounds, with nitrosoarenes under catalytic loading of 2‐tert‐butylimino‐2‐diethylamino‐1,3‐dimethylperhydro‐1,3,2‐diazaphosphorine (BEMP) at room temperature. Depending on the substitution pattern and nature of the aryl moiety, a switch toward the formation of imines can be observed. The mechanistic framework is put to scrutiny by experimental and theoretical studies, pointing to the formation of a nitroso aldol intermediate, whose fate toward one of the competing pathways, namely hydride transfer or elimination, would depend upon the NOH/CHα relative acidities.magnified image
The time course of physiological adaptations to high‐intensity interval training in older adults
Authors: Herrod Philip J. J. , Blackwell James E. M. , Boereboom Catherine L. , Atherton Philip J. , Williams John P. , Lund Jonathan N. , Phillips Bethan E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveHigh‐intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to be more effective than moderate continuous aerobic exercise for improving cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in a limited time frame. However, the length of time required for HIIT to elicit clinically significant improvements in the CRF of older adults is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to compare changes in the CRF of older adults completing identical HIIT protocols of varying durations.MethodsForty healthy, community‐dwelling older adults completed a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) before and after 2, 4, or 6 weeks of fully supervised HIIT on a cycle ergometer, or a no‐intervention control period.ResultsAnaerobic threshold (AT) was increased only after 4 (+1.9 [SD 1.1] mL/kg/min) and 6 weeks (+1.9 [SD 1.8] mL/kg/min) of HIIT (both P < 0.001), with 6‐week HIIT required to elicit improvements in VO2 peak (+3.0 [SD 6] mL/kg/min; P = 0.04). Exercise tolerance increased after 2 (+15 [SD 15] W), 4 (+17 [SD 11] W), and 6 weeks (+16 [SD 11] W) of HIIT (all P < 0.001), with no difference in increase between the groups. There were no changes in any parameter in the control group.ConclusionImprovements in exercise tolerance from HIIT precede changes in CRF. Just 4 weeks of a well‐tolerated, reduced‐exertion HIIT protocol are required to produce significant changes in AT, with a further 2 weeks of training also eliciting improvements in VO2 peak.
The Brain Chart of Aging: Machine‐learning analytics reveals links between brain aging, white matter disease, amyloid burden, and cognition in the iSTAGING consortium of 10,216 harmonized MR scans
Authors: Habes Mohamad , Pomponio Raymond , Shou Haochang , Doshi Jimit , Mamourian Elizabeth , Erus Guray , Nasrallah Ilya , Launer Lenore J. , Rashid Tanweer , Bilgel Murat , Fan Yong , Toledo Jon B. , Yaffe Kristine , Sotiras Aristeidis , Srinivasan Dhivya , Espeland Mark , Masters Colin , Maruff Paul , Fripp Jurgen , Völzk Henry , Johnson Sterling C. , Morris John C. , Albert Marilyn S. , Miller Michael I. , Bryan R. Nick , Grabe Hans J. , Resnick Susan M. , Wolk David A. , Davatzikos Christos ,   for the iSTAGING consortium, the Preclinical AD consortium, the ADNI, and the CARDIA studies
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionRelationships between brain atrophy patterns of typical aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), white matter disease, cognition, and AD neuropathology were investigated via machine learning in a large harmonized magnetic resonance imaging database (11 studies; 10,216 subjects).MethodsThree brain signatures were calculated: Brain‐age, AD‐like neurodegeneration, and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs). Brain Charts measured and displayed the relationships of these signatures to cognition and molecular biomarkers of AD.ResultsWMHs were associated with advanced brain aging, AD‐like atrophy, poorer cognition, and AD neuropathology in mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/AD and cognitively normal (CN) subjects. High WMH volume was associated with brain aging and cognitive decline occurring in an ≈10‐year period in CN subjects. WMHs were associated with doubling the likelihood of amyloid beta (Aβ) positivity after age 65. Brain aging, AD‐like atrophy, and WMHs were better predictors of cognition than chronological age in MCI/AD.DiscussionA Brain Chart quantifying brain‐aging trajectories was established, enabling the systematic evaluation of individuals’ brain‐aging patterns relative to this large consortium.
Biallelic Intronic AAGGG Expansion of RFC1 is Related to Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Wan Linlin , Chen Zhao , Wan Na , Liu Mingjie , Xue Jin , Chen Hongsheng , Zhang Youming , Peng Yun , Tang Zhichao , Gong Yiqing , Yuan Hongyu , Wang Shang , Deng Qi , Hou Xuan , Wang Chunrong , Peng Huirong , Shi Yuting , Peng Linliu , Lei Lijing , Duan Ranhui , Xia Kun , Qiu Rong , Shen Lu , Tang Beisha , Ashizawa Tetsuo , Jiang Hong 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveA recessive biallelic repeat expansion, (AAGGG)exp, in the RFC1 gene has been reported to be a frequent cause of late‐onset ataxia. For cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS), the recessive biallelic (AAGGG)exp genotype was present in ~92% of cases. This study aimed to examine whether the pentanucleotide repeat (PNR) was related to multiple system atrophy (MSA), which shares a spectrum of symptoms with CANVAS.MethodsIn this study, we screened the pathogenic (AAGGG)exp repeat and 5 other PNRs in 104 Chinese sporadic adult‐onset ataxia of unknown aetiology (SAOA) patients, 282 MSA patients, and 203 unaffected individuals. Multiple molecular genetic tests were used, including long‐range polymerase chain reaction (PCR), repeat‐primed PCR (RP‐PCR), Sanger sequencing, and Southern blot. Comprehensive clinical assessments were conducted, including neurological examination, neuroimaging, nerve electrophysiology, and examination of vestibular function.ResultsWe identified biallelic (AAGGG)exp in 1 SAOA patient and 3 MSA patients. Additionally, 1 MSA patient had the (AAGGG)exp/(AAAGG)exp genotype with uncertain pathogenicity. We also described the carrier frequency for different PNRs in our cohorts. Furthermore, we summarized the distinct phenotypes of affected patients, suggesting that biallelic (AAGGG)exp in RFC1 could be associated with MSA and should be screened routinely in the MSA diagnostic workflow.InterpretationOur results expanded the clinical phenotypic spectrum of RFC1‐related disorders and raised the possibility that MSA might share the same genetic background as CANVAS, which is crucial for re‐evaluating the current CANVAS and MSA diagnostic criteria. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:1132–1143
Post‐Synthetic Modification: Systematic Study on a Simple Access to Nitridophosphates
Authors: Wendl Sebastian , Seidl Lisa , Schüler Patrick , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNitridophosphates are a well‐studied class of nitrides with diverse materials properties, such as luminescence or ion conductivity. Despite the growing interest in this compound class, their synthesis mostly works through direct combination of starting materials. Herein, we present a systematic study on a promising method for post‐synthetic modification by treating pre‐synthesized nitridophosphates with halides under elevated pressures and temperatures. Herein, we focus on the applicability of this approach to P/N compounds with different degrees of condensation. Accordingly, BaP2N4, Ba3P5N10Br, SrH4P6N12, CaP8N14, and Ca2PN3are investigated as model compounds for framework‐, layer‐, and chain‐type nitridophosphates. The formation of structurally related, as well as, completely unrelated compounds, compared to the starting materials, shows the great potential of the approach, which increases the synthetic possibilities for nitridophosphates significantly.
Bioprinting a cell‐laden matrix for bone regeneration: A focused review
Authors: Ghorbani Farnaz , Li Dejian , Zhong Zeyuan , Sahranavard Melika , Qian Zhi , Ni Shuo , Zhang Zhenhua , Zamanian Ali , Yu Baoqing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough many efforts have been made to regenerate the bone lesions, existing challenges can be mitigated through the development of tissue engineering scaffolds. However, the weak control on the microstructure of constructs, limitation in preparation of patient‐specific and multilayered scaffolds, restriction in the fabrication of cell‐laden matrixes, and challenges in preserving the drug/growth factors' efficacy in conventional methods have led to the development of bioprinting technology for regeneration of bone defects. So in this review, conventional 3D printers are classified, then the priority of the different types of bioprinting technologies for the preparation of the cell/growth factor‐laden matrixes are focused. Besides, the bio‐ink compositions, including polymeric/hybrid hydrogels and cell‐based bio‐inks are classified according to fundamental and recent studies. Herein, different effective parameters, such as viscosity, rheological properties, cross‐linking methods, biodegradation biocompatibility, are considered. Finally, different types of cells and growth factors that can encapsulate in the bio‐inks to promote bone repair are discussed, and both in vitro and in vivo achievement are considered. This review provides current and future perspectives of cell‐laden bioprinting technologies. The restrictions and challenges are identified, and proper strategies for the development of cell‐laden matrixes and high‐performance printable bio‐inks are proposed.
Enhancement of thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties of compatibilized based onPA6‐enriched graphene oxide/EPDM‐g‐MA/CR: Graphene oxide andEPDM‐g‐MAcompatibilizer role
Authors: Azizli Mohammad Javad , Barghamadi Mohammad , Rezaeeparto Katayoon , Mokhtary Masoud , Parham Somayeh , Goodarzi Vahabodin , Soltani Sedigheh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, a series of elastomeric nanocomposites based on specific amounts of polyamide6 (PA6)/chloroprene rubber (CR) blends which are compatibilized with ethylene propylene diene monomer‐grafted‐maleic anhydride (EPDM‐g‐MA) and different amounts of graphene oxide (GO) were prepared with melt mixing method. The effect of compatibilizer and reinforcement concentration in the PA6/CR blend matrix was investigated using theoretical and experimental analysis. Dispersion of nanoplatelets within rubber blend matrix was proven with transmission electron microscopy and field emission‐scanning electron microscopy. The modified microstructure of samples showed the significant effect of EPDM‐g‐MA and GO on the size reduction of CR droplets in the PA6 continuous phase. The results from differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis revealed the effect of EPDM‐g‐MA and GO as an effective nucleating agent in PA6‐enriched GO/CR (PA6EGO/CR). The findings obtained from thermogravimetric analysis displayed that the GO in the presence of an EPDM‐g‐MA as a compatibilizer can cause a higher thermal stability in PA6EGO/CR. From mechanical properties, by adding a compatibilizer to the PA6/CR blend, the tensile strength changed from 39.0 to 45.1, the Young's modulus altered from 522.2 to 716.0 and the elongation at break changed from 246.8 to 222.2. While incorporation of 5 phr of GO to the compatibilized blend, the tensile strength increased by 25.2%, the Young's modulus increased by 36.6% and the elongation at break decreased by 20%. The Christensen–Lo model used for analyzing the stiffness of PA6EGO/EPDM‐g‐MA/CR with emphasis on the influence of the interphase region to predict the effect of various loadings of GO and EPDM‐g‐MA of Young's modulus. The rheology and creep tests showed a significant effect of EPDM‐g‐MA and GO content on the rheology behavior of nanocomposites.
Thermal aging properties of flame retardant silicone rubber based on melamine cyanurate
Authors: Zhou Cheng , Wang Juan , Li Jianxi , Shi Jie 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work, an efficient preparation method for flame retardant silicon rubbers (FRSR) was established with using melamine cyanurate (MCA) as flame retardants. In order to analyze the thermal aging mechanisms and flame retardancy of FRSR, cone calorimetric test (CCT), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X‐ray spectra were performed. Results indicated that the aging time significantly decreases the tensile strength and the elongation at break. SEM images revealed that the porous surface of the aged FRSR provide diffusion path for heat and oxygen, which resulted in a continuously increase in Shore A hardness due to the increase of cross‐linking density during the aging process. FTIR spectra further proved that the MCA is well‐embedded into samples and cross‐linking reaction between free radicals of silicone rubber (SR) and oxygen was occurring during the aging process. Besides, CCT results showed that all FRSR samples before and after thermal aging exhibit excellent flame retardancy with compact and stable char residue layers, effectively hindering the heat transfer and oxygen diffusion. It was expected that our findings could provide important information to fabricate SR with flame retardancy and outstanding long‐term thermal‐aging resistance.
Blends of poly(ester urethane)s and polyesters as a general design approach for triple‐shape memory polymers
Authors: Karasu Feyza , Weder Christoph 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPoly(ester urethane)s represent a widely investigated class of thermoplastic polymers that exhibit a thermally triggered dual shape memory effect. This behavior is the result of urethane‐rich hard segments that define the permanent shape, while domains formed by the crystallizable polyester segments act as the memory switch. We show here that blending poly(ester urethane)s with a second polyester having a different melting temperature is a straightforward and possibly general approach to create triple‐shape memory polymers, in which two different temporary shapes can be programmed. To demonstrate this, we blended a poly(ester urethane) containing crystallizable poly(1,4‐butylene adipate) segments with poly(butylene succinate) or poly(hexamethylene dodecanoate). The blends microphase separate and the different polyester segments form separate semicrystalline domains, which serve as switching elements that can be activated at different temperatures. The blends retain attractive mechanical properties and the shape memory characteristics are characterized by high fixities (70%–96%) and recovery rates (82%–94%).
Frequency domain electromagnetic induction: an efficient method for investigating Fort Ancient village dynamics
Authors: Sea Claiborne D. , Ernenwein Eileen G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractElectromagnetic induction (EMI) has been used in archaeology for decades, but still lags in use and development when compared to magnetometry and ground‐penetrating radar. While it has become more popular than electrical resistivity area survey, it is now less commonly used than electrical resistivity tomography. The EMI method is likely underutilized due to drift problems and a lack of multi‐sensor, vehicle‐towed systems capable of rapid, high‐density data collection. In this article we demonstrate not only the effectiveness of EMI survey, but a case where entire villages would have remained undetected without it. At the Singer‐Hieronymus Site in central Kentucky, USA, a vehicle‐towed frequency domain EMI survey detected the location of plazas, residential areas, and trash disposal areas across multiple Fort Ancient villages that contained both intact and heavily disturbed deposits. Additionally, three new villages were revealed. Through this process, we discovered how Fort Ancient village dynamics may be studied through a geophysical investigation of village shape, size, and spatial organization.