bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disagreements of non-vascular findings in computed tomography of the aorta by radiology residents
Authors: Hongsakul Keerati , Junnhu Surajai , Vichitkunakorn Polathep 
Published: February 2025

Background Although non-vascular findings from computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the aorta are not the primary interpretation, the significant findings can affect the patient's treatment. Purpose To evaluate the disagreement between radiology residents and staff regarding non-vascular findings in CTA of the aorta. Material and Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 419 CTA scans of the aorta between January 2014 and December 2016. The non-vascular findings from the final preliminary reports, which were interpreted by radiology residents, were recorded and compared with blind interpretations by an experienced member of the radiology staff. Disagreements were analyzed using the unweighted Kappa value. Results A total of 419 CTA aorta were interpreted by 38 radiology residents. The elective versus emergency CTA rate was 58% versus 42%. The emergency CTA rate related to traumatic conditions was 57.9% The thoracic system was the most common disagreement of significant non-vascular findings, with the highest disagreement rate being significant breast lesions (80.0%, Kappa = 0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.15–0.81). Non-vascular findings detected by residents in significant and intermediated significant groups were 339/627 for elective CTAs and 241/457 for emergency CTAs. The disagreement rates for these findings were 45.9% (Kappa = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.54–0.97) in elective CTAs and 47.3% (Kappa = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.53–0.90) in emergency CTAs. Conclusion The most disagreement of non-vascular findings in significant and intermediated significant groups was the thoracic system. The disagreement rates of non-vascular findings between radiology residents and staff were higher in emergency CTA. These results can be used to improve radiology training.
Triple coaxial microcatheter for preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization in bone and soft tissue tumors
Authors: Nozawa Yosuke , Fujimori Ayako , Igarashi Takao , Sano Akito , Watanabe Itsuo , Anazawa Ukei , Okamura Masashi 
Published: February 2025

Background Preoperative transcatheter arterial embolization (P-TAE) is a procedure designed to reduce intraoperative blood loss (IBL) and support the performance of surgery for bone and soft tissue tumors (BSTT). Purpose To develop a new P-TAE technique using a triaxial microcatheter system (TMCS) that maintains normal tissue circulation while embolizing only the feeding artery of BSTT and to investigate the safety and efficacy of P-TAE with TMCS. Material and Methods A total of 34 cases of BSTT in the whole body (25 men, nine women; mean age = 74.85 ± 11.32 years) were included between 1 April 2014 and 30 June 2024. We evaluated technical and clinical outcomes, P-TAE techniques, complications, and patient characteristics. Results Bone metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (n = 11) was the most frequent diagnosis. P-TAEs using TMCS were performed with technical success (97.05%) and clinical success (88.23%), demonstrating a high selectivity rate to the feeding artery of 97.14%. The mean IBL was 792.70 ± 1285.61 mL (median = 370 mL; range = 50–6935 mL). All surgeries were performed successfully after P-TAE. Conclusion P-TAE plays an important role in the presurgical operation of BSTT. The use of TMCS offers high selectivity, trackability, and crossability in the P-TAE procedure, enhancing the clinical efficacy of P-TAE.
Harnessing radiomics and nutritional metrics to predict long-term survival in Fournier’s gangrene patients
Authors: Malshy Kamil , Schmit Stephen , Golijanin Borivoj , Ahn Benjamin , Morgan John , Farah Amir , Miller Kennon , Golijanin Dragan , Cancian Madeline 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: To evaluate the association of traditional and novel nutritional measurements with survival in Fournier’s gangrene (FG) patients. Methods: We reviewed records of FG patients from our tertiary center (Jan 2013–Jan 2022). Radiomic sarcopenia parameters (Psoas Muscle Area [PMA], Roundness, Solidity, and calculated PMA-Index) were measured from admission CT scans at the L3 level using ImageJ software. We assessed sarcopenia’s impact on survival through three analyses: Model 1 used a PMI below the sex-adjusted median; Models 2 and 3 used published cutoffs. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare survival between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients. Multivariable Cox and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to assess mortality risk. Results: Of 130 men and 31 women (82% white), 60 patients (37.3%) had died after a median follow-up of 2.2 years (IQR 0.9-4.4). Survival rates were 94% at 30 days, 92% at 90 days, 80% at 1 year, 77% at 2 years, and 56% at 5 years. Non-survivors were older (median age 63 vs 55.1 years, p < 0.001) and had higher median CCI (4.8 vs 3; p < 0.001). In Model 1, sarcopenic patients had a non-significant increased mortality risk with hazard ratio (HR 1.47, 95% CI 0.82–2.64, p = 0.196). Models 2 and 3 showed similar results (HR 1.41, 95% CI 0.70–2.84, p = 0.325; HR 1.35, 95% CI 0.70–2.61, p = 0.364). None of the models were significant when adjusting for CCI and age. Survivors had better traditional metabolic profiles, including higher albumin (3.1vs 2.7 g/dL), hemoglobin (12.4vs 11.4 g/dL), and lower creatinine (1.39 vs 2.1 mg/dL); however, none of these were significant when adjusting for age and CCI. Conclusions: Despite a mild trend, none of the sarcopenia models were able to predict long-term mortality in FG patients in our cohort. This well-known, cost-effective nutritional predictor still requires further research to optimize its utilization in the FG patient population.
Workplace accommodations for low-wage workers: A scoping review
Authors: McArthur Randi , Williams Jessica , Kneipp Shawn 
Published: February 2025

Background Low-wage workers carry a disproportionate burden of chronic condition morbidity due to their overall socioeconomic disadvantage and the risks accrued from low-wage work environments. Studies show low-wage work is linked to more occupational hazards, higher physical demands, more stress, lack of access to health insurance coverage and paid sick leave, and poverty – all of which result in poorer health. Work accommodations are modifications in the workplace setting that can help minimize health-related work limitations, and in some countries, employers are required to make “reasonable accommodations,” by law, for workers with chronic health conditions. Objective The purpose of this scoping review is to identify what is known about work accommodations for low-wage workers globally. Methods A systematic search of literature, using the PRISMA-ScR protocol, was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus databases through July 2024. Screening and data abstraction were performed by two independent reviewers. Studies that incorporated work accommodations as a variable and provided findings specific to low-wage workers were included. Results The search produced 473 citations; 14 met inclusion criteria. Health conditions represented were variable. Most studies used descriptive designs, and over half used a qualitative approach. Conclusion More studies are needed reflecting low-wage workers’ requests for and receipt of work accommodations. Work accommodations may be an important target for intervention among populations with chronic health conditions towards reducing morbidity, work limitations, and health inequities.
Investigating the optoelectronic device performance of p-Si/WO3/Ag sandwich structure
Authors: Aljawrneh Bashar , Ocak Yusuf Selim , Albiss Borhan Aldeen , Celik Omer , Alshanableh Abdelelah 
Published: February 2025

The electrical and photoelectrical properties of a p-Si/WO3/Ag sandwich structure fabricated utilizing radio frequency (RF) sputtering of WO3 thin films were investigated. A comprehensive analysis of the surface morphology, structural, and optical characteristics of the WO3 thin films was performed. The findings demonstrated that the RF-sputtered WO3 thin films with smooth and uniform surface morphology are well-applicable in large-area applications. The WO3 thin films exhibited well-crystallized structures with a 2.92 eV optical band gap, indicating their suitability for optoelectronic applications. Current-voltage and current-time measurements in the dark and under various illumination conditions were used to evaluate the optoelectronic performance of the p-Si/WO3/Ag sandwich structure. The electrical and optoelectronic parameters, including ideality factor, barrier height, series resistance, and photosensitive were calculated. The results showed that the p-Si/WO3/Ag sandwich-type device obtained using RF sputtered WO3 thin film demonstrates remarkable rectification properties, highlighting its potential for use in photodiodes and optoelectronic devices.
Validation of a clinical prediction model for falls in community-dwelling older adults with COPD: A preliminary analysis
Authors: Nguyen Khang T. , Ellerton Cindy , Wald Joshua , Raghavan Natya , Macedo Luciana G. , Brooks Dina , Goldstein Roger , Beauchamp Marla K. 
Published: February 2025

Background People with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at a higher risk of falls. This preliminary study aims to externally validate a previously developed clinical prediction model for falls in community-dwelling older adults with COPD. Methods This was a secondary analysis of a 12-month prospective cohort study. Older adults (≥60 years) with COPD, who reported a fall in the past year and/or had balance concerns, were tracked for 12-month future falls. Baseline predictors included 12-month history of ≥2 falls, total chronic conditions, and Timed Up and Go Dual-Task (TUG-DT) test scores. Model performance was assessed for discrimination (c-statistic), calibration (E:O, CITL, and calibration slope), and clinical value (decision curve analysis). Results The study included 89 participants (average age 73 ± 9 years; 83 females; FEV1%predicted = 47%). Of these, 35 (39%) reported ≥1 future fall, totaling 89 falls. The model demonstrated acceptable discrimination (c-statistic = 0.62, CI [0.51,0.72]), and calibration (E:O = 1, CITL = 0, and a calibration slope = 1). Decision curve analysis showed greater clinical value when using the prediction model compared to screening for fall history alone. Conclusions A 12-month history of ≥2 falls, higher total chronic conditions, and worse TUG-DT test scores, predicts falls in community-dwelling older adults with COPD. Larger studies are needed before clinical application.
Anatomical Suitability of a Standard Subclavian Branched Endograft in Previous Zone 2 Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: Leone Nicola , Andreoli Francesco , Bartolotti Luigi Alberto Maria , Ferri Andrea , Silingardi Roberto , Gennai Stefano 
Published: February 2025

Purpose: To evaluate the anatomical suitability of the Gore Thoracic Branch Endoprosthesis in patients treated with thoracic endovascular aortic repair in landing zone 2. Materials and methods: A total of 517 cases were consecutively treated between 1999 and 2023, of which 102 were deployed in landing zone 2. A total of 92 patients were included in a single-center, retrospective, preclinical suitability study. The suitability for the investigational device was defined according to the manufacturer’s instructions for use. Extended suitability was also evaluated, including patients initially excluded for left subclavian artery measurements. Secondary outcomes were suitable and non-suitable patient comparisons, analysis of exclusion causes, and anatomical characteristics associated with suitability. A logistic regression model evaluated associations between baseline anatomical characteristics and non-suitability. Results: Seventy patients (76.1%) were suitable for implantation, which increased to 77 (83.6%) when analyzing extended suitability. Eighty-seven percent of suitable patients could have been treated with 5 aortic components, and 4 side branch configurations fitted 89.2% of suitable cases. A short prevertebral left subclavian artery length and a short proximal aortic landing zone were the most common causes of anatomical exclusion. The aortic landing zone diameter (odds ratio [OR]=0.83, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.75–0.93, p=0.001) and length (OR=1.32, 95% CI=1.14–1.53, p<0.001) along with subclavian length (OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.07–1.31, p=0.001) were significantly associated with the odds of suitability. Conclusions: The Gore Thoracic Branch Endoprosthesis was anatomically suitable for more than 3 quarters of cases. A limited number of stent-graft configurations could fit the cohort in a remarkable number of patients, paving the way for wide application of this off-the-shelf device. Clinical Impact The present paper highlighted a significant feasibility rate for the Gore Thoracic Branch Endoprothesis among patients previously treated with TEVAR and proximal landing in zone. The limited number of stent-graft configurations that could have been implanted in a considerable portion of our cohort could help clinicians to develop a proper endovascular inventory related to this device, paving the way for its wide application.
RISE-MX, a real-world study of patients with moderate/severe inflammatory bowel disease returning for hospital follow-up in Mexico: baseline demographics and clinical characteristics, treatment and disease status
Authors: Martínez-Vázquez Manuel Alejandro , Bosques-Padilla Francisco J. , Miranda-Cordero Rosa María , Yamamoto-Furusho Jesus K. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by periods of remission and relapses, and treatment is based on phenotype, risk factors, and disease severity. Treatments include 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA), thiopurines, methotrexate, calcineurin inhibitors, corticosteroids (CS), biological therapy (BxT), and, more recently, small molecules. Objective: To determine the baseline demographics and clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and disease status of patients in Mexico with a history of moderate/severe IBD returning for hospital follow-up (Index Day). Design: This was a non-interventional, cross-sectional study. Methods: Socio-demographics, clinical characteristics, and prescribed treatments were collected from a retrospective review (3 years) of each patient’s medical records. Results: A total of 326 patients with a diagnosis of moderate/severe IBD at least 6 months before the Index Day were included in the analysis: 95 patients (29.2%) had Crohn’s disease (CD) and 231 (70.9%) ulcerative colitis (UC). In the CD group, 45.3% ( n = 43) had a Harvey Bradshaw Index score ⩾8 or Crohn’s Disease Activity Index ⩾220; 10 patients had a B1-non-stenosing, non-penetrating phenotype and 17 had stenosis (B2). In the UC group, 18.2% ( n = 42) had moderate/severe disease and the most frequent presentation was pancolitis ( n = 56). Regarding treatment over the previous 3 years: for CD, 62 (65.3%) received CS and 20.0% ( n = 19) were CS-dependent; 30.5% received 5-ASA + IMS; 27.4% BxT + IMS; and 38.9% 5-ASA + IMS + BxT. In the case of UC, 74.9% ( n = 173) received CS and 32.9% ( n = 76) were CS-dependent; 64.5% received 5-ASA + IMS; 2.2% BxT + IMS; and 31.6% 5-ASA + IMS + BxT. Conclusion: In Mexico, 45.3% of CD patients and 18.1% with UC presented with moderate/severe disease activity. Conventional therapy was used to treat the majority of patients, and the availability of more advanced therapies and a personalized treatment approach is needed to improve clinical outcomes in the future.
Epidemiology of acromioclavicular joint separations presenting to emergency departments in the United States between 2004 and 2023
Authors: Boufadel Peter , Fares Mohamad Y , Daher Mohammad , Lopez Ryan , Khan Adam Z , Abboud Joseph A 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation is a common injury that results from direct or indirect trauma to the shoulder. The purpose of this study was to explore the incidence, demographic variations, and injury mechanisms of AC joint separations in the United States from 2004 to 2023. Methods The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was queried to identify all patients who visited participating emergency departments between 2004 and 2023 and were diagnosed with an AC joint separation. Examined variables included age, sex, year, and injury mechanisms. National injury estimates were calculated using sample weights. Annual incidence rates were calculated using U.S. Census population estimates. Results A total of 4163 AC joint separations were recorded, representing an estimated 196,983 injuries. The overall incidence rate was 3.1 per 100,000 person-years. The highest incidence of AC joint separations was among patients aged 10 to 30 years (47.6%), and the majority of patients were male (83.9%). Sports-related injuries had a significantly greater incidence rate compared to transportation-related and fall-related injuries (p < 0.001). The most common injury mechanisms involved bicycles (15.9%), football (10.5%), stairs/steps (6.0%), and snowboarding (5.8%). Conclusion The incidence of AC joint separations has increased over the past two decades, with the majority caused by sports-related and transportation-related injuries. Level of Evidence: III
Artificial Intelligence for Diabetic Foot Screening Based on Digital Image Analysis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Anggreni Ni Kadek Indah Sunar , Kristianto Heri , Handayani Dian , Yueniwati Yuyun , Irawan Paulus Lucky Tirma , Rosandi Rulli , Kapti Rinik Eko , Purnama Avief Destian 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Early detection of diabetic foot complications is essential for effective management and prevention of complications. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology based on digital image analysis offers a promising noninvasive method for diabetic foot screening. This systematic review aims to identify a study on the development of an AI model for diabetic foot screening using digital image analysis. Methodology: The review scrutinized articles published between 2018 and 2023, sourced from PubMed, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect. The keyword-based search resulted in 2214 relevant articles and nine articles that met the inclusion criteria. The article quality assessment was done through Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS). Data were extracted and analyzed using NVivo. Results: Thermal imagery or foot thermogram was the main data source, with plantar temperature distribution patterns as an important indicator. Deep learning methods, specifically artificial neural networks (ANNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are the most commonly used methods. The highest performance is demonstrated by the ANN model with MATLAB’s Image Processing Toolbox that is able to classify each type of macula with 97.5% accuracy. The findings show the great potential of AI in improving the accuracy and efficiency of diabetic foot screening. Conclusion: This research provides important insights into the development of AI in digital image–based diabetic foot screening. Future studies need to focus on evaluating clinical applicability, including ethical aspects and patient data security, as well as developing more comprehensive data sets.
Genetic and phenotypic responses of temperature-independent Hessian fly-resistant durum wheat to larval attack during heat stress
Authors: Subramanyam Subhashree , Nemacheck Jill A. , Suetsugu Taylor E. , Flynn Rachel D. , Faik Ahmed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Wheat production is increasingly challenged by the devastating damage caused by insect pests. The advent of global warming is further exacerbating this threat. Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor), a dipteran gall midge, is a destructive pest of host wheat (Triticum aestivum) having severe economic consequences. Planting wheat cultivars harboring resistance genes is the most effective and economical Hessian fly management strategy. However, heat stress poses a challenge to this strategy, as elevated temperature often breaks down Hessian fly resistance in wheat. Our prior study identified temperature-independent resistant T. turgidum (durum wheat) accessions that maintained resistance to Hessian fly when challenged with an increased temperature of 30 °C. In this study, we carried out follow-up characterization of these durum lines to highlight molecular components involved during Hessian fly resistance or susceptibility in wheat following heat stress.

Results
Temperature-independent resistant durum lines were greater than 70% resistant to multiple Hessian fly biotypes at the elevated temperature of 30 °C. At the molecular level, these lines showed increased transcripts of Hfr-1, a gene encoding an antinutrient lectin, unlike the heat-triggered susceptible durum wheat. The Hessian fly susceptibility-associated biomarker genes were significantly upregulated in the durum wheat with heat-triggered susceptibility at 30 °C, resembling the gene expression profile observed in susceptible wheat. None of these susceptibility-associated genes were differentially expressed in the temperature-independent resistant wheat. Genes involved in oxidative stress and jasmonic acid pathways did not reveal any specific expression pattern attributed to either heat stress or larval feeding. Neutral red staining revealed limited cell wall permeability in the temperature-independent resistant wheat, unlike the heat-triggered susceptible durum plants that were highly permeable similar to a wheat line susceptible to Hessian fly at 20 °C.

Conclusions
Temperature-independent resistant durum wheat lines provided robust resistance to multiple Hessian fly biotypes at higher temperatures. These lines offer a valuable resource for wheat producers for providing resistance following heat stress.
Noise is an underrecognized problem in medical decision making and is known by other names: a scoping review
Authors: Dlugos Kayla V. , Mazwi Mjaye , Lao Robert , Honjo Osami 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Unwanted random variability in day-to-day decision making referred to as ‘noise’ is associated with unhelpful variation that affects both the reproducibility and quality of decision making. Although this is described in other fields, the prevalence of noise in medical decision making and its effects on patient outcomes and the process and efficiency of care have not been reported and are unknown. This review sought to explore noise as a feature of medical decision making, as well as explore potential sources of noise in this setting. The search generated 2,082 results. Analysis of 14 studies included in the review (11 PubMed, 3 reference mining) suggests noise is a driver of unhelpful practice variation and may have important effects on care efficiency and reproducibility. 7 of the 14 studies demonstrated pattern noise, 3 demonstrated occasion noise, and 5 demonstrated stable pattern noise. The decision making in 8 studies demonstrated level noise, and lastly the decision making in 4 of the studies demonstrated system noise, a combination of both pattern and level noise. Additional study is required to ascertain how to measure and mitigate noise in medical decision making, as well as better understand the sources of noise present. Clinical trial number not applicable.