bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of exchange rate and exchange rate volatility on Mauritius foreign direct investment: A sector‐wise analysis
Authors: Moraghen Warren , Seetanah Boopen , Sookia Noor Ul Haq 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article analyses the structure of FDI inflow in different sectors of the Mauritian economy. While undertaking this investigation, we primarily allow interaction of FDI with exchange rate and exchange rate volatility and with other equally important macroeconomic variables such as trade openness, human capital, GDP, wages and salaries, gross capital formation, and inclusion of a dummy variable to assess the Mauritian Corporate Income Tax (CIT) reform of 2007. Sectors classified as manufacturing, financial, construction, real estate, tourism, and telecommunication, are considered. Using semi‐annual data spanning from 1990 to 2015, the cointegration bound test reveals a systematic long‐run relationship between the set of variables. This justifies the use of an ARDL model. While exchange rate and exchange rate volatility have negligible impact on FDI inflow in the short run, the ARDL results show that a real depreciation of the Mauritian Rupee against the U.S. dollar over the last decades has been beneficial as it has consistently enhanced FDI inflow in various sectors. Besides, there is evidence that investors in the construction, real estate, and telecommunication sectors, as compared to the financial and manufacturing sectors, are more affected by exchange rate volatility. The ARDL model also suggests that investors are particularly concerned with infrastructure capital, trading opportunity, and human capital, mostly when it comes to labour‐intensive industries such as manufacturing, construction, and tourism. Additionally, the significance of the FDI lag values in the restricted error correction model (ECM) confirms the presence of short‐run dynamism in FDI inflow modelling.
The effect of structured delivery preparation education on birth preference
Authors: Til Aysen , Bostanci Mehmet 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo demonstrate the effect of the health belief model on the birth preferences of an education program that is applicable, sustainable, structured by all health personnel, and evaluating the woman as a whole, based on Bandura's Social Learning Theory.MethodsOur research is a controlled intervention study. Central stratified randomization was used, and each group consists of eight centers. Control and intervention groups were formed from an equal number of people, and 160 people participated in the study. The participants were given structured delivery preparation education, and breathing exercises were performed. The data of the study were evaluated using χ2 test, and logistic regression analysis was used. A P value <0.05 was considered significant.ResultsForty‐five (56.3%) of the responders in the control group and 60 (75.0%) of the responders in the intervention group had vaginal deliveries (p = 0.013). According to the results of multiple analyses of the factors affecting the delivery method performed by the participants, women in the control group had 2.41 times (95% confidence interval 1.07–5.41) more cesarean deliveries than women in the intervention group.ConclusionIt has been shown that structured delivery preparation education increases vaginal delivery rates.
A short review: Doxorubicin and its effect on cardiac proteins
Authors: Upadhyay Shishir , Gupta Kunj Bihari , Mantha Anil Kumar , Dhiman Monisha 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOX) is a boon for cancer‐suffering patients. However, the undesirable effect on health on vital organs, especially the heart, is a limiting factor, resulting in an increased number of patients with cardiac dysfunction. The present review focuses on the contractile machinery and associated factors, which get affected due to DOX toxicity in chemo‐patients for which they are kept under life‐long investigation for cardiac function. DOX‐induced oxidative stress disrupts the integrity of cardiac contractile muscle proteins that alter the rhythmic mechanism and oxygen consumption rate of the heart. DOX is an oxidant and it is further discussed that oxidative stress prompts the damage of contractile components and associated factors, which include Ca2+ load through Ca2+ ATPase, SERCA, ryanodine receptor‐2, phospholamban, and calsequestrin, which ultimately results in left ventricular ejection and dilation. Based on data and evidence, the associated proteins can be considered as clinical markers to develop medications for patients. Even with the advancement of various diagnosing tools and modified drugs to mitigate DOX‐induced cardiotoxicity, the risk could not be surmounted with survivors of cancer.
Social capital and psychological distress during Colombian coronavirus disease lockdown
Authors: Caballero‐Domínguez Carmen C. , De Luque‐Salcedo Jeimmy G. , Campo‐Arias Adalberto 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to establish the association of low social capital (SC) with psychological distress indicators. A cross‐sectional study was carried out using an online questionnaire that evaluated demographic variables, social capital, perceived stress related to coronavirus disease, depression risk, insomnia risk, and suicide risk. SC was taken as an independent variable, and symptoms indicating psychological distress were considered as dependent variables. A group of 700 adults aged between 18 and 76 years (M = 37, SD = 13) participated in the survey. Low SC was associated with depression risk (odds ratio [OR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34–2.97), elevated suicide risk (OR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.40–4.91) high perceived stress related to coronavirus disease (OR = 2.08 95% CI, 1.15–3.76), and insomnia risk (OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.69–3.47). In conclusion, low CS was associated with indicators of psychological distress. SC is a community social resource that could help mitigate the quarantine impact of coronavirus disease amidst the Colombian population's psychological health.
The utility of haptic simulation in early restorative dental training: A scoping review
Authors: Al‐Saud Loulwa M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundHaptic dental simulators are becoming increasingly available in dental schools around the world; however, there is a paucity of evidence on their pedagogical effectiveness particularly in early dental training for the acquisition of the highly specific fine motor dental skills.MethodsA scoping review was performed to broadly map the available evidence and to detect knowledge gaps on the utility of haptic dental simulation in early dental training. The review is reported using the PRISMA‐ScR guidelines. Eight bibliographic databases were searched: Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane library, CENTRAL, ERIC, IEEE Xplore, and TRIP. Charted data were reported by clustering results according to study characteristics, research themes, research purpose, and type of validity evidence identified.ResultsThe review process resulted in the inclusion of 36 studies published between 2009 and 2020. The majority of the studies were cross‐sectional in design with short‐term evaluation data. Of the studies included, 64% investigated commercially available haptic simulators, while 36% investigated experimental haptic simulators. The research themes identified were skill acquisition and transfer, task‐specific haptic training, trainee level discrimination, feedback, subjective user evaluation, performance prediction, and human factors in haptic training.ConclusionShort‐term evaluation evidence from reviewed studies indicates the usefulness of the haptic simulators in early dental training. They complement the existing phantom head simulators by offering qualitatively different features. Further empirical research is needed to investigate the long‐term impact of training with haptic dental simulators, to improve the availability of validation evidence and to enhance the results generalizability.
A novel missense mutation in the UBE2A gene causes intellectual disability in the large X‐linked family
Authors: Arslan Satılmış Saide Betül , Kurt Emin Emre , Akçay Ebru Perim , Sazci Ali , Ceylan Ahmet Cevdet 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundX‐linked intellectual disability type Nascimento (XIDTN) is a disorder of the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway of protein degradation controlled by the UBE2A gene. The disease is characterized by intellectual disability, speech impairment, dysmorphic facial features, skin and nail anomalies, and, frequently, seizures. Eight affected males from a four‐generation family who have intellectual disability and speech disorders were examined within an extended family of 57 individuals.MethodsA number of methods were used for the molecular diagnosis. Conventional karyotype analyses, array‐based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), whole exome swquencing (WES), sanger sequencing were performed.ResultsFirst, the conventional karyotype analyses were normal, and the results of the aCGH analyses were normal. Then, WES revealed a novel missense mutation of the UBE2A gene at exon 4 NM_003336.3: c.182A>G (p.Glu61Gly). Seven affected individuals and nine carriers in the multigenerational, large family were diagnosed through Sanger sequencing.ConclusionsWe identified the mutation causing intellectual disability in the large family and demonstrated its phenotypic effects. Our cases showed that dysmorphic features could be considered mild, whereas intellectual disability and speech disorders are common features in XIDTN. The structure and function of the gene will be better understood in the novel UBE2A mutation. The genotype–phenotype correlation and phenotypic variations in XIDTN were identified through a literature review. Accordingly, XIDTN should be considered in individuals who exhibit an X‐linked pedigree pattern and have intellectual disability and speech disorders.
Quantitative detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in nasopharyngeal samples from infected patients with mild disease
Authors: Bustos Patricia , Tambley Carolina , Acevedo Alejandra , Andrade Winston , Leal Gabriel , Vidal Deyanira , Roldán Francisco , Fasce Rodrigo , Ramírez Eugenio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDiagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐COV‐2) cases is based on the count of real‐time reverse transcription‐plymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) positive people. Viral load by real‐time RT‐PCR has been suggested as a biomarker of the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. However, the association of viral load and severity of the disease is not yet resolved. Nasopharyngeal samples from 458 patients were tested by RT‐PCR for SARS‐CoV‐2 diagnosis. Relative quantitation was made by the comparative threshold cycle (ΔΔCt) formula between ORF1ab viral and RNase P housekeeping genes. Absolute viral load was calculate using a reference positive control. Most prevalent clinical signs were cough (75.8%), myalgia (66.7%), and fever (48.5%). Hypertension (18.2%), neurological diseases (15.1%), and asthma and hypothyroidism (12.1%) were most frequent comorbidities. Fever, either as an exclusive symptom or combined with others, was associated with high viral loads ( range, 35.65–155.16; 4.25–4.89 log10 RNA copies/test]). During the first week after onset of symptoms in mild patients up to 60 years‐old was detected the peak of viral load. Children under 10 years old have a high viral load (313.84; 2.50) in the first 2 days postinfection with a sharp decline thereafter. Cases between 10 and 49 years old mostly showed low and moderate viral load during the first 2 days postinfection (range, 0.03 to 17.24; −1.50 to 1.24). Patients over 60 years old have high viral load up to the second week after the onset of symptoms (range, 25.32–155.42; 1.40–2.19), indicating the longer presence of the virus in them. These findings suggest the viral load in nasopharyngeal swabs would help to monitor the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in mild coronavirus disease 2019 cases.
Social isolation is closely linked to a marked reduction in physical activity in male mice
Authors: Clemenza Kelly , Weiss Shira H. , Cheslack Keely , Kandel Denise B. , Kandel Eric R. , Levine Amir A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe effects of social isolation on an individual's behavior is an important field of research, especially as public health officials encourage social distancing to prevent the spread of pandemic disease. In this study we evaluate the effects of social isolation on physical activity in mice. Utilizing a pixel‐based tracking system, we continuously monitored the movement of isolated mice compared with paired cage mates in the home cage environment. We demonstrate that mice that are socially isolated dramatically decrease their movement when separated from their cage mate, and especially in the dark cycle, when mice are normally most active. When isolated mice are re‐paired with their original cage mate, this effect is reversed, and mice return to their prior levels of activity. These findings suggest a close link between social isolation and physical activity, and are of particular interest in the wake of coronavirus disease 2019, when many are forced into isolation. Social isolation may affect an individual's overall activity levels in humans too, which may have unintended effects on health that deserve further consideration.
Hidden heterogeneity and co‐occurrence networks of soil prokaryotic communities revealed at the scale of individual soil aggregates
Authors: Szoboszlay Márton , Tebbe Christoph C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSequencing PCR‐amplified gene fragments from metagenomic DNA is a widely applied method for studying the diversity and dynamics of soil microbial communities. Typically, DNA is extracted from 0.25 to 1 g of soil. These amounts, however, neglect the heterogeneity of soil present at the scale of soil aggregates and thus ignore a crucial scale for understanding the structure and functionality of soil microbial communities. Here, we show with a nitrogen‐depleted agricultural soil the impact of reducing the amount of soil used for DNA extraction from 250 mg to approx. 1 mg to access spatial information on the prokaryotic community structure, as indicated by 16S rRNA gene amplicon analyses. Furthermore, we demonstrate that individual aggregates from the same soil differ in their prokaryotic community compositions. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences from individual soil aggregates allowed us, in contrast to 250 mg soil samples, to construct a co‐occurrence network that provides insight into the structure of microbial associations in the studied soil. Two dense clusters were apparent in the network, one dominated by Thaumarchaeota, known to be capable of ammonium oxidation at low N concentrations, and the other by Acidobacteria subgroup 6, representing an oligotrophic lifestyle to obtain energy from SOC. Overall this study demonstrates that DNA obtained from individual soil aggregates provides new insights into how microbial communities are assembled.
A micro‐macromechanical compression model of crushing in granular materials based on a probabilistic approach and energy aspects
Authors: Zheng Tianliang , Song Erxiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a micro and macromechanical model to estimate the grading evolution and plastic strain caused by particle crushing in the isotropic compression of granular materials. A joint‐probability particle crushing criterion of the maximum contact force and the particle strength is proposed to calculate the incremental particle crushing probability. The dependence of the contact force and particle strength during a multistage loading process is recognized. The distribution of the maximum contact force and the magnitude of the mean contact force are strictly derived from the stress‐force relationship and maximizing the statistical entropy. The coordination number of polydisperse particles is derived from the geometric relationship and applies to any grading curve, which enables the consideration of the coupling effects of particle crushing and grading evolution during a multistage loading process. A multipoint load particle crushing criterion involving the particle strength size effect is adapted. To simulate the grading evolution, the fractal distribution assumption and Markov chain model are applied to describe the fragmentation mess after crushing. Finally, following the work equation by Mcdowell and Bolton, the energy consumption of particle crushing and the corresponding plastic strain are correlated with the increase in the particle surface area. The model is verified by published experimental data of silica sand with different initial grading curves and carbonate sand with different grain sizes.
Executive Function and BMI Trajectories Among Rural, Poor Youth at High Risk for Obesity
Authors: Rollins Brandi Y. , Riggs Nathaniel R. , Francis Lori A. , Blair Clancy B. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify longitudinal trajectories of conjoint development of executive function (EF) and obesity among a diverse sample of poor, rural youth and to evaluate individual differences in infant growth, parental BMI, and cumulative risk.MethodsParticipants included 948 youth from the Family Life Project. Child anthropometrics were measured at 2 and 6 months and at 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 12 years. EF tasks were administered at 3, 4, and 5 years. Mothers reported youth birth weight, parental height and weight, and cumulative risk indicators.ResultsMultidimensional growth mixture modeling identified three classes: “High EF – High Obesity Resilience”; “Low EF – Delayed‐Onset Severe Obesity”; and “Low EF – Early‐Onset Severe Obesity.” Youth in the low‐EF, early‐onset class displayed higher birth weight and BMI at 6 months, whereas the low‐EF, delayed‐onset class had rapid weight gain during infancy, parents with class II obesity, and greater cumulative risk and was more likely to be Black and female.ConclusionsDespite increased obesity risk among this sample, the majority of youth exhibited higher EF and some degree of obesity resilience. Youth with EF deficits displayed the greatest risk for severe obesity but had differing BMI trajectories and obesity risk profiles, which has implications for obesity intervention.
Pyridine‐based Liquid‐Phase Synthesis of Crystalline TiN and ZnSiN2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Egeberg Alexander , Wenzel Olivia , Popescu Radian , Gerthsen Dagmar , Feldmann Claus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTiN and ZnSiN2 nanoparticles are obtained via a novel pyridine‐based synthesis route. This one‐pot liquid‐phase route strictly avoids all oxygen sources (including starting materials, surface functionalization, solvents), which is highly relevant in regard of the material purity and material properties. Colloidally stable suspensions of crystalline, small‐sized TiN (5.4±0.4 nm) and ZnSiN2 (5.2±1.1 nm) are instantaneously available from the liquid phase. Elemental analysis and electron energy loss spectroscopy confirm the purity of the compounds and specifically the absence of oxygen. The as‐prepared ZnSiN2 show yellowish emission (500‐700 nm) already at room temperature with its maximum at 570 nm.
Settings, exchanges, and events: The SEE framework of self‐regulated learning supportive practices
Authors: Callan Gregory L. , Longhurst David , Ariotti Anthony , Bundock Kaitlin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere are many practices that educators can use to develop self‐regulated learning (SRL); however, an organizational framework for cataloging SRL supportive practices that also identifies empirical support for those practices is lacking. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide such guidance by developing the settings, exchanges, and events (SEE) framework, and guide its use. Literature review and expert feedback led us to identify three categories of SRL supportive practices including (a) creating a learning setting that is conducive to SRL, (b) fostering adaptive learning exchanges between educators and learners that foster SRL, and (c) creating events that provide opportunities to utilize SRL skills. The SEE framework is beneficial to educators because it organizes SRL supportive practices and can facilitate professional development trainings. The SEE framework can also support educational researchers interested in embedding SRL within classrooms. Specifically, the SEE framework provides an initial structure of practices that can initiate discussions among researchers and be tested and elaborated upon. Moreover, the SEE framework can assist researchers in the development of tools to support classroom observation and consultation.
Using standardized assessment to identify and teach prerequisite numeracy skills to learners with disabilities using video modeling
Authors: Dueker Scott A. , Day Jayda M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLearners with disabilities enter school without the prerequisite numeracy and mathematics skills to perform at or near the level of their typically developing peers. Even simple addition problems require prerequisite skills that are often not taught directly in schools. Identifying and teaching those missing skills would reduce the learning gap and increase the lifelong independence of those learners. This study used a nonconcurrent single‐subject multiple baseline design across five learners with a pretest/posttest analysis to examine the use of a norm‐referenced, standardized assessment to identify gaps in student learning, create teaching protocols using video modeling, and assess overall growth after intervention. Individualized interventions were delivered using video models on iPads. Results indicated all learners were able to use the video models to acquire the missing skills and improve overall mathematics understanding, as measured by scores on a posttest. This has classroom implications due to the relative ease of administration of the assessment and teaching protocol as well as the potential for improved outcomes for the learners.
Emotional approach coping among young adults with cancer: Relationships with psychological distress, posttraumatic growth, and resilience
Authors: Darabos Katie , Renna Megan E. , Wang Ashley W. , Zimmermann Caroline F. , Hoyt Michael A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveCancer, particularly, during young adulthood, can evoke difficult emotions, interfere with normative developmental activities, and challenge coping responses. Emotion‐regulating coping efforts aimed at active emotional processing (EP) and emotional expression (EE) can be beneficial to cancer adjustment and perceptions of positive growth. However, it may be that EP and EE work differently to influence well‐being. This study examines relationships of EP and EE with psychological distress, posttraumatic growth (PTG), and resilience. We expect that EP will be positively associated with PTG and resilience, whereas EE will be negatively associated with psychological distress.MethodsYoung adults with cancer (M
age = 34.68, N = 57) completed measures of emotional; approach coping (EP and EE), psychological distress (depressive symptoms, fear of cancer; recurrence [FCR]) and indicators of positive adjustment and growth (resilience and PTG).ResultsGreater use of EP was associated with higher resilience (β = 0.48, p = 0.003) and PTG (β = 0.27, p = 0.05), whereas greater use of EE was associated with lower resilience (β = −0.33, p = 0.04). The EE × EP interaction was significant for FCR (β = 0.29, p = 0.04) such that low EE was associated with lower FCR in those with high EP. Interaction effects were not significant for depressive symptoms, resilience, or PTG.ConclusionsFindings highlight differing relationships between EP and EE among young adults with cancer. Interventions aimed at increasing emotion‐regulating coping strategies may prove useful in facilitating positive adjustment and growth, strengthening young adults' ability to cope with the diverse effects of disease, treatment, and survivorship.