bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient simulation of bubble dispersion and resulting interaction
Authors: Yang Xinghao , Mühlhausen Mark-Patrick , Fröhlich Jochen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work, an efficient model for simulating bubble dispersion and coalescence due to turbulence is developed in the Euler-Lagrange framework. The primary liquid phase is solved on the Euler grid with the RANS turbulence model. Bubble motion is computed with the force balance equations. One-way coupling between two phases is assumed and the framework is designed for the computation of disperse bubbly flows at low Eötvös number. The turbulent dispersion of the dispersed phase is reconstructed with the continuous random walk (CRW) model. Bubble-bubble collisions and coalescence are accounted for deterministically. To accelerate the time-consuming search for potential collision partners in dense bubbly flows, the sweep and prune algorithm is employed, which can be utilized in arbitrary mesh types and sizes. Validation against experiments of turbulent pipe flows demonstrates that the one-way coupled EL-CRW dispersion model can well reproduce the bubble distribution in a typical dense bubbly pipe flow. Good agreement of the bubble size distribution at the pipe outlet between the simulation and the experiment is obtained.
Co-pyrolysis–catalytic steam reforming of cellulose/lignin with polyethylene/polystyrene for the production of hydrogen
Authors: Akubo Kaltume , Nahil Mohamad Anas , Williams Paul T. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Co-pyrolysis of biomass biopolymers (lignin and cellulose) with plastic wastes (polyethylene and polystyrene) coupled with downstream catalytic steam reforming of the pyrolysis gases for the production of a hydrogen-rich syngas is reported. The catalyst used was 10 wt.% nickel supported on MCM-41. The influence of the process parameters of temperature and the steam flow rate was examined to optimize hydrogen and syngas production. The cellulose/plastic mixtures produced higher hydrogen yields compared with the lignin/plastic mixtures. However, the impact of raising the catalytic steam reforming temperature from 750 to 850 °C was more marked for lignin addition. For example, the hydrogen yield for cellulose/polyethylene at a catalyst temperature of 750 °C was 50.3 mmol g−1 and increased to 60.0 mmol g−1 at a catalyst temperature of 850 °C. However, for the lignin/polyethylene mixture, the hydrogen yield increased from 25.0 to 50.0 mmol g−1 representing a twofold increase in hydrogen yield. The greater influence on hydrogen and yield for the lignin/plastic mixtures compared to the cellulose/plastic mixtures is suggested to be due to the overlapping thermal degradation profiles of lignin and the polyethylene and polystyrene. The input of steam to the catalyst reactor produced catalytic steam reforming conditions and a marked increase in hydrogen yield. The influence of increased steam input to the process was greater for the lignin/plastic mixtures compared to the cellulose/plastic mixtures, again linked to the overlapping thermal degradation profiles of the lignin and the plastics. A comparison of the Ni/MCM-41 catalyst with Ni/Al2O3 and Ni/Y-zeolite-supported catalysts showed that the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst gave higher yields of hydrogen and syngas.

Graphic abstract
Internet-Administered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Hypersexual Disorder, with or Without Paraphilia(s) or Paraphilic Disorder(s) in Men: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hallberg Jonas , Kaldo Viktor , Arver Stefan , Dhejne Cecilia , Piwowar Marta , Jokinen Jussi , Öberg Katarina Görts 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundHypersexual disorder (HD) is a condition in which the individual experiences loss of control over engagement in sexual behaviors, leading to negative effects on various areas of life. Paraphilias often present concomitantly with HD, and although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been proven to reduce engagement in hypersexual behavior, no studies have investigated the effects of Internet-administered CBT (ICBT) on HD, with or without paraphilia(s) or paraphilic disorder(s).AimTo investigate the effects of Internet-administered CBT on HD, with or without paraphilia(s) or paraphilic disorder(s).MethodsMale participants (n = 36) evaluated positive according to the proposed diagnostic HD criteria, with or without paraphilia(s) or paraphilic disorder(s), received 12 weeks of ICBT. Measures were administered weekly over the treatment period, with an additional follow-up measurement 3 months after completion of treatment. An assessment interview was performed 2 weeks after treatment.OutcomesThe primary outcome was the Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI-19), and secondary outcomes were the Hypersexual Disorder: Current Assessment Scale (HD:CAS), the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS), as well as a tentative composite of 6 Severity Self-rating Measures, for Paraphilic Disorders and depression (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS-S]), psychological distress (Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measure [CORE-OM]), and treatment satisfaction (CSQ-8).ResultsLarge, significant decreases in HD symptoms and sexual compulsivity were found, as well as moderate improvements in psychiatric well-being and paraphilic symptoms. These effects remained stable 3 months after treatment.Clinical ImplicationsICBT can ameliorate HD symptoms, psychiatric distress, and paraphilic symptoms, which suggests that the ICBT for HD, with or without paraphilia(s) or paraphilic disorder(s), may constitute a valuable addition of treatment options in clinical settings.Strengths and LimitationsThis is the first study evaluating the efficacy of ICBT on a sample of men suffering from HD. In addition, a proportion of the sample reported concomitant paraphilic interests and disorders, thus mirroring an everyday clinical practice in the field of sexual medicine. No control group was assigned, and some of the outcome measures are still to be validated. The long-term effects of ICBT and its efficacy in hypersexual women are unknown.ConclusionsThis study gives support for ICBT as an effective treatment option for HD. Future evaluations of the treatment program should include women and larger samples in randomized controlled procedures and investigate the long-term effects.
Responding to the Psychological Needs of Health Workers During Pandemic: Ten Lessons From Humanitarian Work
Authors: Cherepanov Elena 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTWhen a complex emergency (CE) overwhelms infrastructure, the ability of health-care providers to work efficiently under duress saves lives. The author uses her experience of providing mental health supports to humanitarian aid workers and the pieces of training conducted for internal medicine practitioners to offer guidance on how to manage severe job-related stresses during the response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This work reminds responders about their professional mission and purpose, but its extreme physical and mental demands can take a toll on their well-being and health. In CEs, the sheer volume of work and the emotional over-engagement tend to produce toxic fantasies (eg, rescuer or helper fantasies), acting upon which threatens integrity of care and increases risks for both patients and providers. Accumulated fatigue and exposure to mass suffering and mortality can change the perceived value of life and increase reckless, risk-taking, and suicidal behaviors. Introducing a self-awareness framework prioritizes the awareness of the available choices and making situation-appropriate and informed decisions about balancing one’s own and others’ needs. The COVID-19 response has demonstrated that fostering peer supports, changing organizational culture, addressing self-awareness within a training and supervisory context, and strengthening supports for managers are important parts of disaster preparedness. It also revealed that more research is needed to better understand and meet the special psychological needs of health-care responders.
On the Names of States: Naming System of States Based on the Country Names and on the Public Law Components of State Titles
Authors: Takács Peter 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGeneral questions of name of the state are rarely discussed in the literature of public law, political science or legal theory, its terminology is neglected, and in its current state, it is a source of many misunderstandings. Pointed out these terminological problems this study proposes a theoretical framework for the naming system of states which takes into accounts the public law components of names. Among these components the significance of four factors are emphasized: the form of state (form of government), the structure, or organization of state, the role of seemingly neutral terms (for example, the words “commonwealth” or “state”), and, on the contrary, the role of politically, religiously or ethnically bound terms (such as “democratic”, “people’s”, “Arab” or “Islamic”) in the names of states. After clarifying the difference between the terms country name and state name (state title), this study shows that there are cases when the state name (state title) function as country name, and when the country name fulfills the communicative function of the state title.
Responses of monogenean species to variations in abiotic parameters in tilapiculture
Authors: Cavalcanti L.D. , Gouveia E.J. , Leal F.C. , Figueiró C.S.M. , Rojas S.S. , Russo M.R. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Fish farming is becoming an increasingly popular agricultural activity, and water quality in these environments is a major concern. Fish parasites, such as monogeneans, respond to changes in abiotic conditions, either with an increase or decrease in population. This study aimed to identify gill monogeneans and analyse their relationships with abiotic factors during the ontogenetic development of Nile tilapia over the fish culture cycle in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Fish were sampled monthly for eight months, and a total of 200 fish were collected. The physical and chemical water parameters were measured and correlated with the abundance of each monogenean species. Over the fish culture cycle, the physical and chemical parameters fluctuated, and the water quality decreased. The parasites found included Cichlidogyrus tilapiae, Cichlidogyrus thurstonae, Cichlidogyrus sclerosus, Cichlidogyrus halli and Scutogyrus longicornis. The abundances of all species showed significant differences during ontogenetic development (body size) and C. tilapiae, C. sclerosus, C. thurstonae and S. longicornis were correlated with changes in abiotic conditions. However, C. halli was not significantly correlated with any of the evaluated physical or chemical parameters. Understanding how different monogenean species respond to changes in the physical and chemical parameters of water during a production cycle can prevent peaks in abundance and subsequent sanitary problems.
Biocontrol potential ofSteinernema cholashanense(Nguyen) on larval and pupal stages of potato tuber moth,Phthorimaea operculella(Zeller)
Authors: Mhatre P.H. , Patil J. , Rangasamy V. , Divya K.L. , Tadigiri S. , Chawla G. , Bairwa A. , Venkatasalam E.P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe potato tuber moth,Phthorimaea operculella(Zeller), is a serious pest of potato and other commercial crops belonging to the Solanaceae family. In recent years, it has become an emerging problem in potato-growing regions of the Nilgiri hills of southern India. It is responsible for the reduced quality and quantity of marketable potatoes. In this regard, the development of an eco-friendly control method for the management of the potato tuber moth is urgently required. Therefore, in the present study, the virulence ofSteinernema cholashanenseCPRSUS01 originally isolated from the potato rhizosphere was tested on fourth-instar larvae and pupae ofP. operculella.Steinernema cholashanensecaused the greatest mortality in the fourth-instar larval stage (100%) than the pupae (30%). In addition to this, penetration and reproduction of this nematode was also studied in fourth-instar larvae ofP. operculellaand this is the first report of penetration and reproduction of any entomopathogenic nematode species on potato tuber moth larvae. The reproduction capacity ofS. cholashanenseonP. operculellais higher (702 infective juveniles mg−1body weight). Our results indicated thatS. cholashanensehas good potential as an alternative tool for the management ofP. operculella. But before includingS. cholashanensein the integrated pest management program ofP. operculella, its efficacy should be tested under field conditions.
School age effects of Minding the Baby—An attachment-based home-visiting intervention—On parenting and child behaviors
Authors: Londono Tobon Amalia , Condon Eileen , Sadler Lois S. , Holland Margaret L. , Mayes Linda C. , Slade Arietta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMultiple interventions have been developed to improve the caregiver–child relationship as a buffer to the effects of early life adversity and toxic stress. However, relatively few studies have evaluated the long-term effects of these early childhood interventions, particularly on parenting and childhood behaviors. Here we describe the early school-age follow-up results of a randomized controlled trial of Minding the Baby ® (MTB), a reflective, attachment-based, trauma-informed, preventive home-visiting intervention for first-time mothers and their infants. Results indicate that mothers who participated in MTB are less likely to show impaired mentalizing compared to control mothers two to eight years after the intervention ended. Additionally, MTB mothers have lower levels of hostile and coercive parenting, and their children have lower total and externalizing problem behavior scores when compared to controls at follow-up. We discuss our findings in terms of their contribution to understanding the long-term parenting and childhood socio-emotional developmental effects of early preventive interventions for stressed populations.
Intake of carbohydrates and SFA and risk of CHD in middle-age adults: the Hordaland Health Study (HUSK)
Authors: Haugsgjerd Teresa R , Egeland Grace M , Nygård Ottar K , Igland Jannicke , Sulo Gerhard , Lysne Vegard , Vinknes Kathrine J , Bjornevik Kjetil , Tell Grethe S 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjective:Limiting SFA intake may minimise the risk of CHD. However, such reduction often leads to increased intake of carbohydrates. We aimed to evaluate associations and the interplay of carbohydrate and SFA intake on CHD risk.Design:Prospective cohort study.Setting:We followed participants in the Hordaland Health Study, Norway from 1997–1999 through 2009. Information on carbohydrate and SFA intake was obtained from a FFQ and analysed as continuous and categorical (quartiles) variables. Multivariable Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI. Theoretical substitution analyses modelled the substitution of carbohydrates with other nutrients. CHD was defined as fatal or non-fatal CHD (ICD9 codes 410–414 and ICD10 codes I20–I25).Participants:2995 men and women, aged 46–49 years.Results:Adjusting for age, sex, energy intake, physical activity and smoking, SFA was associated with lower risk (HRQ4 v. Q1 0·44, 95 % CI 0·26, 0·76, Ptrend = 0·002). For carbohydrates, the opposite pattern was observed (HRQ4 v. Q1 2·10, 95 % CI 1·22, 3·63, Ptrend = 0·003). SFA from cheese was associated with lower CHD risk (HRQ4 v. Q1 0·44, 95 % CI 0·24, 0·83, Ptrend = 0·006), while there were no associations between SFA from other food items and CHD. A 5 E% substitution of carbohydrates with total fat, but not SFA, was associated with lower CHD risk (HR 0·75, 95 % CI 0·62, 0·90).Conclusions:Higher intake of predominantly high glycaemic carbohydrates and lower intake of SFA, specifically lower intake from cheese, were associated with higher CHD risk. Substituting carbohydrates with total fat, but not SFA, was associated with significantly lower risk of CHD.
Western Europe's Long Retreat from Coal and Implications for Energy Trade
Authors: Steenblik Ronald P. , Mateo Mark 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWestern Europe's industrialization was powered largely by coal. Within 15 years after the end of the Second World War, however, governments were subsidizing coal and protecting producers from foreign competition while allowing their industries to contract in a way that avoided large-scale unemployment of miners. The oil-price shocks of 1973–1974 and 1979–1980 gave temporary reprieve to hard-coal production until international oil prices slumped in 1986. This event, combined with ever more stringent environmental regulations and, later, caps on carbon-dioxide emissions, led to the disappearance of subsidized coal mining in one country after another. As of the end of 2019, hard coal was still being mined – in small amounts – in only three Western European countries: Norway, Spain, and the United Kingdom. This paper describes the history of the industry from 1945 through to the present, and the consequences of subsidy policy for trade in hard coal and its substitutes. A common observation is that a reduction in subsidized coal production by a country has not necessarily translated into increased imports of coal on a one-for-one basis.
Development of a non-invasive exhaled breath test for the diagnosis of head and neck cancer
Authors: Dharmawardana Nuwan , Goddard Thomas , Woods Charmaine , Watson David I. , Ooi Eng H. , Yazbeck Roger 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Improving the ability to identify early-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) can improve treatment outcomes and patient morbidity. We sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of breath analysis as a non-invasive test for detecting HNSCC.

Methods
Standardised breath samples were collected from 181 patients suspected of HNSCC prior to any treatment. A selected ion flow-tube mass spectrometer was used to analyse breath for volatile organic compounds. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. A binomial logistic regression model was used to differentiate breath profiles between cancer and control (benign disease) patients based on mass spectrometry derived variables.

Results
In all, 66% of participants had early-stage primary tumours (T1 and T2) and 58% had regional node metastasis. The optimised logistic regression model using three variables had a sensitivity and specificity of 80% and 86%, respectively, with an AUC for ROC curve of 0.821 (95%CI 0.625–1.0) in the testing cohort.

Conclusions
Breath analysis for non-invasive diagnosis of HNSCC appears to be practical and accurate. Future studies should be conducted in a primary care setting to determine the applicability of breath analysis for early identification of HNSCC.
Small size gold nanoparticles enhance apoptosis-induced by cold atmospheric plasma via depletion of intracellular GSH and modification of oxidative stress
Authors: Jawaid Paras , Rehman Mati Ur , Zhao Qing-Li , Misawa Masaki , Ishikawa Kenji , Hori Masaru , Shimizu Tadamichi , Saitoh Jun-ichi , Noguchi Kyo , Kondo Takashi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have attracted attention as a promising sensitizer owing to their high atomic number (Z), and because they are considered fully multifunctional, they are preferred over other metal nanoparticles. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has also recently gained attention, especially for cancer treatment, by inducing apoptosis through the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, the activity of different sized Au-NPs with helium-based CAP (He-CAP) was analyzed, and the underlying mechanism was investigated. Treating cells with only small Au-NPs (2 nm) significantly enhanced He-CAP-induced apoptosis. In comparison, 40 nm and 100 nm Au-NPs failed to enhance cell death. Mechanistically, the synergistic enhancement was due to 2 nm Au-NPs-induced decrease in intracellular glutathione, which led to the generation of intracellular ROS. He-CAP markedly induced ROS generation in an aqueous medium; however, treatment with He-CAP alone did not induce intracellular ROS formation. In contrast, the combined treatment significantly enhanced the intracellular formation of superoxide (O2• −) and hydroxyl radical (•OH). These findings indicate the potential therapeutic use of Au-NPs in combination with CAP and further clarify the role of Au-NPs in He-CAP-aided therapies.
Extracellular vesicle-cargo miR-185-5p reflects type II alveolar cell death after oxidative stress
Authors: Carnino Jonathan M. , Lee Heedoo , He Xue , Groot Michael , Jin Yang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAcute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating syndrome responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. Diffuse alveolar epithelial cell death, including but not limited to apoptosis and necroptosis, is one of the hallmarks of ARDS. Currently, no detectable markers can reflect this feature of ARDS. Hyperoxia-induced lung injury is a well-established murine model that mimics human ARDS. We found that hyperoxia and its derivative, reactive oxygen species (ROS), upregulate miR-185-5p, but not miR-185-3p, in alveolar cells. This observation is particularly more significant in alveolar type II (ATII) than alveolar type I (ATI) cells. Functionally, miR-185-5p promotes expression and activation of both receptor-interacting kinase I (RIPK1) and receptor-interacting kinase III (RIPK3), leading to phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) and necroptosis. MiR-185-5p regulates this process probably via suppressing FADD and caspase-8 which are both necroptosis inhibitors. Furthermore, miR-185-5p also promotes intrinsic apoptosis, reflected by enhancing caspase-3/7 and 9 activity. Importantly, extracellular vesicle (EV)-containing miR-185-5p, but not free miR-185-5p, is detectable and significantly elevated after hyperoxia-induced cell death, both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, hyperoxia-induced miR-185-5p regulates both necroptosis and apoptosis in ATII cells. The extracellular level of EV-cargo miR-185-5p is elevated in the setting of profound epithelial cell death.
Association of germline variation with the survival of women with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants and breast cancer
Authors: Muranen Taru A. , Khan Sofia , Fagerholm Rainer , Aittomäki Kristiina , Cunningham Julie M. , Dennis Joe , Leslie Goska , McGuffog Lesley , Parsons Michael T. , Simard Jacques , Slager Susan , Soucy Penny , Easton Douglas F. , Tischkowitz Marc , Spurdle Amanda B. ,   kConFab Investigators, Schmutzler Rita K. , Wappenschmidt Barbara , Hahnen Eric , Hooning Maartje J. ,   HEBON Investigators, Singer Christian F. , Wagner Gabriel , Thomassen Mads , Pedersen Inge Sokilde , Domchek Susan M. , Nathanson Katherine L. , Lazaro Conxi , Rossing Caroline Maria , Andrulis Irene L. , Teixeira Manuel R. , James Paul , Garber Judy , Weitzel Jeffrey N. ,   SWE-BRCA Investigators, Jakubowska Anna , Yannoukakos Drakoulis , John Esther M. , Southey Melissa C. , Schmidt Marjanka K. , Antoniou Antonis C. , Chenevix-Trench Georgia , Blomqvist Carl , Nevanlinna Heli 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGermline genetic variation has been suggested to influence the survival of breast cancer patients independently of tumor pathology. We have studied survival associations of genetic variants in two etiologically unique groups of breast cancer patients, the carriers of germline pathogenic variants inBRCA1orBRCA2genes. We found that rs57025206 was significantly associated with the overall survival, predicting higher mortality ofBRCA1carrier patients with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer, with a hazard ratio 4.37 (95% confidence interval 3.03–6.30,P = 3.1 × 10−9). Multivariable analysis adjusted for tumor characteristics suggested that rs57025206 was an independent survival marker. In addition, our exploratory analyses suggest that the associations between genetic variants and breast cancer patient survival may depend on tumor biological subgroup and clinical patient characteristics.