bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the biological age of the investor on decision-making in the secondary equity market
Authors: Isidore R. Renu , Christie P. , Arun C. Joe 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
Decision-making in the equity market has been a challenging task for investors belonging to all age groups. This study aims to find linkages between the decision-making techniques in the equity market and the biological age of the investor.

Design/methodology/approach
This is an exploratory study and by surveying a sample of 436 secondary equity investors residing in the Chennai region of India, the study measured the decision-making techniques. Using the ANOVA test, the decision-making technique mostly used by investors belonging to an age category was determined. Further, the linkages were investigated in isolation for the male and female investors. By using regression analysis, a model was developed to predict the actual equity return. The financial characteristics of the various age groups were also analyzed using cross-tabulation.

Findings
The results of the study show that the age of the investor plays an important role in the choice of decision-making technique used. The younger investors, who earn the lowest returns were less likely to use industry analysis but more likely to use technical analysis and advocate’s recommendation. Specifically, the younger male investors were less likely to use industry analysis and more likely to use the advocate’s recommendation. The younger female investors were also less likely to use industry analysis. The middle-aged respondents, who earn the highest return were less likely to use technical analysis and advocate’s recommendation owing to lower means. Specifically, the middle-aged male investors were less likely to use the advocate’s recommendation and technical analysis. Then, middle-aged female investors were more likely to use industry analysis.

Originality/value
The findings would be beneficial for financial advisors and wealth managers to suggest age-appropriate strategies for the various investor groups. This age-based profiling of investors would make investors aware of their decision-making techniques and encourage them to make more rational decisions.
Role of strategic management for employee engagement and skill development for start-ups
Authors: Kulkarni Praveen , Mutkekar Rohit , Ingalagi Sanjeev 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
Start-ups are the new avenues for innovation and employment. Strategic management is critical for employee engagement and skill development of start-ups. This study aims to understand the impact of strategic management on employee engagement and skill development.

Design/methodology/approach
The study attempts to identify principal factors of strategic management influencing employee engagement and skill development. Structural equation modeling has been used to understand effects of the study.

Findings
The study results have shown the challenges concerning employee skill development and reflected on importance of the employee engagement programmes for the growth of the human resource in the start-ups.

Research limitations/implications
The study has confined to strategic management for employee engagement and skill development. However, studies related to challenges encountered by start-ups in the specific areas of marketing, operations and finance, etc. would provide more detailed impact on the growth of start-ups.

Practical implications
This study provides an insight into strategic management for employee engagement and skill development. The results would provide directions for improving strategy management from the perspective of employee engagement and skill development.

Social implications
The study on start-ups provides a direction to the owners of start-ups to understand the importance of strategic management and human resource management for building strong enterprising which can provide employment opportunity for the youth of the nation and improve the society at large.

Originality/value
This paper is an attempt to provide directions for managing challenges from the perspective of employees’ engagement and skill development, which is essential for growth and sustainability in the future.
Habitat and host associations of the fish‐burrowing parasite Artystone minima (Cymothoidae: Isopoda) in eastern Amazonia
Authors: Rosa Fabricio dos Anjos Santa , Baillie Charles , Medeiros Tatiane do Nascimento , Ready Jonathan Stuart 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCymothoid fish parasites settle on hosts in ways that may impact fish health and energetics. High abundances of Artystone minima observed in Nannostomus beckfordi from the Jeju River in eastern Amazonia were investigated to answer the following questions: (a) What factors are associated with the high prevalence at this locality?; (b) Is high abundance associated with co‐infestation of alternative hosts?; and (c) Is parasite presence associated with host species growth and/or reproduction? Fish assemblages were sampled quarterly (August 2017–May 2018) from five habitats along with environmental data. Parasitic indices were calculated, and parasite presence used to evaluate differences in growth of hosts using analysis of covariance considering host sex and sampling season (wet vs. dry). Parasites were only abundant in one of the habitats, a large, shallow backwater bay with macrophytes. Abiotic environmental factors (flow and depth) likely impact parasite transmission and are, therefore, particularly important in producing these local patterns. Two secondary hosts, Hyphessobrycon cf. rosaceus and Moenkhausia collettii, were found in the wet season. Based on host biology compared to other fish in the habitat, parasite infestation is inferred to be depth associated and long‐term infestation is apparently limited in alternative hosts. Parasite presence was significantly associated with reduced weight (standardized for length) of female Nannostomus beckfordi in the wet season. Furthermore, ovaries of non‐parasitized females from the wet season presented a range of maturation stages, while parasitized females were all immature, indicating a significant association of parasites with host reproductive capacity.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material
Roles of Src family kinase, Ras, and mTOR signaling in intestinal epithelial homeostasis and tumorigenesis
Authors: Matozaki Takashi , Kotani Takenori , Murata Yoji , Saito Yasuyuki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe turnover of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is relatively rapid (3‐5 days in mouse and human), and this short existence and other aspects of the homeostasis of IECs are tightly regulated by various signaling pathways including Wnt‐β‐catenin signaling. Dysregulation of IEC homeostasis likely contributes to the development of intestinal inflammation and intestinal cancer. The roles of receptor protein tyrosine kinases and their downstream signaling molecules such as Src family kinases, Ras, and mTOR in homeostatic regulation of IEC turnover have recently been evaluated. These signaling pathways have been found to promote not only the proliferation of IECs but also the differentiation of progenitor cells into secretory cell types such as goblet cells. Of note, signaling by Src family kinases, Ras, and mTOR has been shown to oppose the Wnt‐β‐catenin signaling pathway and thereby to limit the number of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells or of Paneth cells. Such cross‐talk of signaling pathways is important not only for proper regulation of IEC homeostasis but for the development of intestinal tumors and potentially for anticancer therapy.
CD11c+ dendritic cells mediate antigen-specific suppression in extracorporeal photopheresis
Authors: Hackstein H , Kalina A , Dorn B , Keil I S , Baal N , Michel G , Brendel C , Neubauer A , Jakob T , Bein G 
Published: October 2020

Summary
Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) represents one of the most widespread and effective cell therapies for graft-versus-host disease and other T cell-mediated disorders. However, the key factors affecting the therapeutic efficacy of ECP remain unclear. We hypothesized that therapeutic effects are mediated by ECP-treated antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC). To test this hypothesis, we used the experimental model of contact hypersensitivity (CHS). The ECP's therapeutic activity improved when the total cell dose of the ECP-treated cells was increased. We used different haptens during sensitization to demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory activity of ECP is antigen-specific. This confirmed the hypothesis that professional antigen-presenting cells are involved in the mode of action. Also, the ECP's therapeutic activity was abrogated by the depletion of CD11c+ DC, which represents fewer than 1% of all the ECP-exposed cells. Finally, we confirm the critical importance of CD11c+ DC for ECP activity by showing that only a few purified CD11c+ DC are sufficient to mediate its therapeutic effect. The finding that ECP-treated, physiological antigen-presenting DC alone mediate antigen-specific modulation of a pathological immune response may result in better-targeted interventions when treating patients.
A colorectal straight‐to‐test cancer pathway with general‐practitioner‐guided triage improves attainment of the 28‐day diagnosis target and increases outpatient clinic capacity
Authors: Sagar Alex , Mai Dinh Van Chi , Divya G. S. , Al‐Habsi Ruqaiya , Wothers Tracy , Ni Bhroin Orna , Singh Sandeep , O’Hara Richard , Keeler Barrie D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimThis study investigates whether a straight‐to‐test (STT) colorectal cancer pathway improves attainment of the National Health Service (NHS) England 28‐day Faster Diagnosis Standard and the effect of the pathway on reducing face‐to‐face outpatient clinic appointments. Patient satisfaction and the safety of a novel general practitioner (GP) led patient triage system regarding suitability for colonoscopy are also evaluated.MethodsThis is an observational study of all patients managed via an STT colorectal cancer pathway between 1 September 2019 and 19 March 2020. Comparison is made with all patients referred on the suspected colorectal cancer pathway prior to implementation of the STT pathway from 1 January 2019 to 30 July 2019. Patient satisfaction with the STT pathway was assessed with a telephone‐based questionnaire.ResultsAttainment of the 28‐day diagnosis target for all suspected colorectal cancer referrals improved following the establishment of the STT pathway (88% vs. 82%, P < 0.0001). From a potential total of 548 outpatient colorectal clinic appointments for patients on the STT pathway, 504 (92%) were avoided. In those eligible for the STT pathway, GP assessment of patients suitable for colonoscopy agreed with that of the colorectal department in 93% of cases. Of the 50 patients who undertook the satisfaction survey, 86% were satisfied or very satisfied with the pathway. No patient suffered adverse events as a result of their STT investigations.ConclusionAn STT pathway for suspected colorectal cancer referrals with novel GP‐led patient triage safely streamlines patients through the suspected colorectal cancer diagnostic pathway and significantly reduces requirement for face‐to‐face outpatient clinic attendance. This is achieved with high patient satisfaction.
Computational materials design: recent advances and open challenges related to colorimetry
Authors: Trémeau Alain , Colantoni Philippe , Hébert Mathieu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractComputational materials design aims at designing, simulating and predicting innovative materials. This paper reviews a few open challenges in the domain of computational materials design related to the colour appearance of materials. These relatively recent fields of research necessitate revisiting the fundamentals of colorimetry, such as reflectance models. First, we address the virtual design and the simulation of innovative materials, which requires modelling their appearance and fundamental properties. Then we discuss the latest advancements in the machine‐learning domain that have highly revolutionised computational and data‐minded methodologies, which are used for the design innovation, discovery and optimisation of materials.
Is freezing of gait correlated with postural control in patients with moderate‐to‐severe Parkinson’s disease?
Authors: Coelho Daniel Boari , Ribeiro de Souza Caroline , de Lima‐Pardini Andrea Cristina , Treza Renata de Castro , Shida Thiago Kenzo Fujioka , Silva‐Batista Carla , Teixeira Luis Augusto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFreezing of gait (FoG) is one of the main reasons for movement initiation disorders and abnormal coupling of posture and gait in Parkinson's disease (PD). Patients with FoG have poor postural control when compared to patients without FoG. However, the nature of the interrelationship between FoG and domains of postural control remains unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between different domains of postural control and severity of FoG in patients with moderate‐to‐severe PD. Thirty patients with idiopathic PD with FoG (age range 45–80 years, Hoehn & Yahr stages 3 and 4) participated in the study. We evaluated objective (FoG‐ratio during turning task) and subjective (New Freezing of Gait Questionnaire, NFoG‐Q) measures of FoG severity, reactive postural adjustments in response to an external perturbation, first step anticipatory adjustment for step initiation and quiet standing stability. In the multiple regression analysis, step initiation was the strongest significant correlation of the NFoG‐Q score explaining 23% of the variance of the assessment. For the objective FoG measure, mediolateral CoP amplitude in quiet standing and mediolateral CoP amplitude in step initiation explained 39% of the variance of the FoG‐ratio. As main conclusions, this study identified the association between objective and subjective measure for FoG severity and postural control domains. The results support conducting step initiation training during rehabilitation of individuals with FoG.
Experimental (co)evolution in a multi‐species microbial community results in local maladaptation
Authors: Castledine Meaghan , Padfield Daniel , Buckling Angus 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInterspecific coevolutionary interactions can result in rapid biotic adaptation, but most studies have focused only on species pairs. Here, we (co)evolved five microbial species in replicate polycultures and monocultures and quantified local adaptation. Specifically, growth rate assays were used to determine adaptations of each species’ populations to (1) the presence of the other four species in general and (2) sympatric vs. allopatric communities. We found that species did not show an increase in net biotic adaptation:ancestral, polyculture‐ and monoculture‐evolved populations did not have significantly different growth rates within communities. However, 4/5 species’ growth rates were significantly lower within the community they evolved in relative to an allopatric community. ‘Local maladaptation’ suggests that species evolved increased competitive interactions to sympatric species’ populations. This increased competition did not affect community stability or productivity. Our results suggest that (co)evolution within communities can increase competitive interactions that are specific to (co)evolved community members.
Associative nitrogen fixation linked with three perennial bioenergy grasses in field and greenhouse experiments
Authors: Wewalwela Jayani J. , Tian Yuan , Donaldson Janet R. , Baldwin Brian S. , Varco Jac J. , Rushing Brett , Lu Haoliang , Williams Mark A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAssociative nitrogen (N2)‐fixation (ANF) by bacteria in the root‐zone of perennial bioenergy grasses has the potential to replace or supplement N fertilizer and support sustainable production of biomass, but its application in marginal ecosystems requires further evaluation. In this study, we first combined both greenhouse and field experiments, to explore the N2 fixation effects of three temperate feedstocks Miscanthus × giganteus (giant miscanthus, Freedom), Panicum virgatum (switchgrass, Alamo), and Saccharum sp. (energycane, Ho 02‐147). In field studies across three growing seasons, plant and soil pools of candidate feedstocks were partially composed of N derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa). Energycane, giant miscanthus, and switchgrass were estimated to derive >30%, %Ndfa. Greenhouse studies were also performed to trace isotopically labeled 15N2 into plant biomass and soil pools. Evidence for Ndfa was detected in all three feedstock grasses (using reference 15N of soil, chicory, and sorghum, δ15N~+7.0). Isotopically labeled 15N2 was traced into biomass (during grass elongation stage) and soil pools. Extrapolation of rates during the 24 hr labeling period to 50 days estimated 30%–55% of plant Ndfa, with the greatest Ndfa for energycane. The findings of the field natural abundance and greenhouse 15N2 feeding experiments provided complementary evidence that perennial bioenergy grasses have the potential to support relatively high rates of ANF, and accumulate diazotroph‐derived N into biomass when grown on non‐fertilized soil.
Duplication 1q is highly correlated with poor prognosis in high hyperdiploid pediatric B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: El Ashry Mona S. , Elsayed Ghada M. , Madney Youssef , Arafah Omar , Allam Rasha M. , Rasekh Eman O. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe role of structural abnormalities in high hyperdiploidy (HeH) has been debatable, with few studies that addressed recurrent translocations with concurrent HeH (t‐HeH). We aimed at the characterization of HeH cases in pediatric B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) patients with special emphasis on the structural abnormalities including t‐HeH.Patients and methodsOur study included all patients diagnosed with HeH over the period from January 2016 to April 2019 presenting to the Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University.ResultsAmong 480 de novo B‐ALL pediatric patients, HeH was detected in eighty (16.7%) cases with a median age of 5 years. t‐HeH was identified in 17/480 (3.5%) cases: 9(1.9%) with t(12;21), 7(1.5%) with t(9;22), and 1(0.2%) with t(4;11). Duplication (1q) was the most prevalent structural abnormality in c‐HeH (hyperdiploidy without recurrent translocations) (n = 12,15%). Children ≥10 years or presenting with white blood cells (WBC) ≥50 × 109/L) had an inferior 3 year‐overall survival as compared to younger children (P = .003), and to lower WBC (P = .02). Duplication (1q) was an independent adverse parameter on the disease‐free survival (DFS) of c‐HeH patients (P = .004).ConclusionsOlder age and WBC ≥ 50 × 109/L were adverse prognostic factors. Duplication (1q) is correlated with lower DFS in c‐HeH patients. t‐HeH has distinct patterns of chromosomal gain.
A Conversation With Paul Embrechts
Authors: Genest Christian , Nešlehová Johanna G. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryPaul Embrechts was born in Schoten, Belgium, on 3 February 1953. He holds a Licentiaat in Mathematics from Universiteit Antwerpen (1975) and a DSc from Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (1979), where he was also a Research Assistant from 1975 to 1983. He then held a lectureship in Statistics at Imperial College, London (1983–1985) and was a Docent at Limburgs Universitair Centrum, Belgium (1985–1989) before joining ETH Zürich as a Full Professor of Mathematics in 1989, where he remained until his retirement as an Emeritus in 2018. A renowned specialist of extreme‐value theory and quantitative risk management, he authored or coauthored nearly 200 scientific papers and five books, including the highly influential ‘Modelling of Extremal Events for Insurance and Finance’ (Springer, 1997) and ‘Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques and Tools’ (Princeton University Press, 2005, 2015). He served in numerous editorial capacities, notably as Editor‐in‐Chief of the ASTIN Bulletin (1996–2005). Praised for his natural leadership and exceptional communication skills, he helped to bridge the gap between academia and industry through the foundation of RiskLab Switzerland and his sustained leadership for nearly 20 years. He gave numerous prestigious invited and keynote lectures worldwide and served as a member of the board of, or consultant for, various banks, insurance companies and international regulatory authorities. His work was recognised through several visiting positions, including at the Oxford‐Man Institute, and many awards. He is, inter alia, an Elected Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (1995) and the American Statistical Association (2014), an Honorary Fellow of the Institute and the Faculty of Actuaries (2000), Honorary Member of the Belgian (2010) and French (2015) Institute of Actuaries and was granted four honorary degrees (University of Waterloo, 2007; Heriot‐Watt University, 2011; Université catholique de Louvain, 2012; City, University of London, 2017). The following conversation took place in Paul's office at ETH Zürich, 17–18 December 2018.
A case study of consistent vehicle routing problem with time windows
Authors: Lespay Hernán , Suchan Karol 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe develop a heuristic for the consistent vehicle routing problem with time windows (ConVRPTW), which is motivated by a real‐world application at a food company's distribution center. Besides standard VRPTW restrictions, ConVRPTW assigns each customer just one driver to fulfill his or her orders during the whole multiperiod planning horizon. For each driver and period, a route is sought to serve all their customers with positive demand. For each customer, the number of periods between consecutive orders and the ordered quantities is highly irregular. This causes difficulties in the daily routing, negatively impacting the service level of the company. Similar problems have been studied as ConVRP, where the number of drivers is fixed a priori, and only the total travel time is minimized. Moreover, the clients present no time window constraints, but the visits should be scheduled with a small arrival time variation. In our model, the objective is to minimize the number of drivers. We impose hard time windows but do not consider time consistency in more detail. We compare solutions given by the heuristic with solutions of a mixed‐integer linear programming model on a set of small artificial instances and solutions used by the food company on real‐world instances. The results show the effectiveness of the heuristic. For the company, we obtain significant improvements in the routing plans, with a lower number of vehicles and a higher rate of orders delivered within the prescribed time window.
Oxidation behavior and mechanism of aluminum oxynitride (AlON) at elevated temperatures
Authors: Yang Shuixian , Chen Hetuo , Li Jianmin , Guo Hao , Mao Xiaojian , Tian Run , Zhang Jian , Wang Shiwei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe oxidation behavior and mechanism of aluminum oxynitride (AlON) powder exposed to air at elevated temperatures between 800°C and 1300°C was investigated by X‐ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), electron spin resonance (ESR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and simultaneous thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, and mass spectrometry techniques (TG‐DTA‐MS). The weight of AlON gradually increases to a maximum value at 1150°C and then decreases with further heating. Meanwhile, AlON powder undergoes chemical changes, as evidenced by lattice expansion, and turns eventually into alumina. ESR spectra reveal the occurrence of lone pair electrons in the oxidized products and the intensity of corresponding resonance signal increases before disappearing with the increase in temperature. Combined with the results of NMR and TG‐DTA‐MS, the measured data suggest that Al‐N in [AlO3N] tetrahedron and [AlO5N] octahedron are gradually oxidized into Al‐O‐N group with lone pair electrons, which causes continuous weight gain and lattice expansion. Further oxidation at higher temperatures results in alumina and N2.