bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Properties of Coating for Improving Heat and Salt Wet Resistance of Combustible Cartridges
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Zeng Xi , Xiao Jinxiu , Pu Chengkai , Shi Haiyue , Xiao Zhenggang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA combustible cartridge is made of nitrocellulose, wood fibers and resin. It is easy to absorb moisture in a high‐humidity environment and the NC‐based materials may self‐ignite after storage at higher temperature for a long time. A large number of studies have been carried out to improve the surface protection performance of combustible cartridges usually using a general nitrocellulose varnish. But the heat‐resistance of the nitrocellulose varnish coating is poor. In this article, we develop a composite coating that improves the heat‐resistance and salt wet resistance of combustible cartridges. The new composite coating was prepared by adding BN/silane composite particles and non‐ionic surface active reagent Tween 80 into the nitrocellulose varnish by an optimized composition. The high temperature resistant performance and salt tolerance properties effect of the new composite coating for combustible cartridge were investigated by thermogravimetric experiment, muffle furnace experiment and salt wet resistance test. Compared with the control sample, the coated sample by the new composite coating was able to stand for 138 s at a high temperature of 220 °C, increasing the high temperature resistance time by a maximum percentage of 50 %. In a high‐salt environment, the final water absorption percentage was only 0.2944 % when the coated sample is immersed in a high salt content water at 26 °C for three days, increasing the salt wet resistance by a maximum percentage of 70 %. Results show that the new coating using BN/silane composite particle can improve the high temperature resistant performance and salt tolerance properties of combustible cartridges effectively.
Connecting Dualities and Machine Learning
Authors: Betzler Philip , Krippendorf Sven 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDualities are widely used in quantum field theories and string theory to obtain correlation functions at high accuracy. Here we present examples where dual data representations are useful in supervised classification, linking machine learning and typical tasks in theoretical physics. We then discuss how such beneficial representations can be enforced in the latent dimension of neural networks. We find that additional contributions to the loss based on feature separation, feature matching with respect to desired representations, and a good performance on a ‘simple’ correlation function can lead to known and unknown dual representations. This is the first proof of concept that computers can find dualities. We discuss how our examples, based on discrete Fourier transformation and Ising models, connect to other dualities in theoretical physics, for instance Seiberg duality.
On singularities of flat affine systems with n states and n−1 controls
Authors: Kaminski Yirmeyahu J. , Lévine Jean , Ollivier François 
Published: March 2020

SummaryWe study the set of intrinsic singularities of flat affine systems with n−1 controls and n states using the notion of Lie‐Bäcklund atlas, previously introduced by the authors. For this purpose, we prove two easily computable sufficient conditions to construct flat outputs as a set of independent first integrals of distributions of vector fields: the first one in a generic case, namely, in a neighborhood of a point where the n−1 control vector fields are independent and the second one at a degenerate point where p−1 control vector fields are dependent of the n−p others, with p>1. After introducing the Γ‐accessibility rank condition, we show that the set of intrinsic singularities includes the set of points where the system does not satisfy this rank condition and is included in the set where a distribution of vector fields introduced in the generic case is singular. We conclude this analysis by three examples of apparent singularities of flat systems in generic and nongeneric degenerate cases.
Green Synthesis of Poly‐Substituted Pyrano[4,3‐b]quinoline‐1,9‐(5H)‐dione Derivatives Using Solid Acid as Catalyst in Water
Authors: Yang Ning , Zhang Danmin , Zhou Jianguo , Qi Chenze , Li Chunmei , Zhang Furen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of new pyrano[4,3‐b]quinoline‐1,9(5H)‐dione derivatives were synthesized via one‐pot three‐component reaction using 6‐methyl‐4‐(arylamino)‐2H‐pyran‐2‐ones, aldehydes, and 1,3‐cyclohexanediones as substrates. The application of 4‐methylbenzenesulfonyl chloride activated the hydroxyl group of pyranone and avoided the forming of ring opening product. The reaction proceeds smoothly and gives biological and pharmacological active substituted pyrano[4,3‐b]quinoline‐1,9(5H)‐dione derivatives with good to excellent yields under green conditions. A plausible mechanism for the domino process is proposed.
Polysulfone Membranes Incorporated with Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Olefin/Paraffin Separation
Authors: Najafi Mohadeseh , Sadeghi Morteza , Shamsabadi Ahmad A. , Dinari Mohammad , Soroush Masoud 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe membrane technology has received considerable attention for olefin/paraffin separation in recent years, owing to its attractive energy efficiency. In this study, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is prepared via hydrothermal treatment of graphene oxide. The prepared rGO is characterized and then incorporated into polysulfone (PSF) to fabricate mixed‐matrix membranes (MMMs). The fabricated membranes are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray powder diffraction. The gas transport properties of the MMMs are evaluated for ethylene/ethane and propylene/propane gas pairs at 2 bar and 30
. Permeation tests indicate that the PSF membrane embedded with 1.0 wt% of the rGO nanosheets has 143% and 193% higher C2H4 and C3H6 permeabilities, respectively, its C3H6/C3H8 selectivity is 18% higher, but its C2H4/C2H6 selectivity is 23% lower, compared to those of the pristine PSF membrane. The gas permeability enhancement is attributed to improved gas diffusion and solubility coefficients. These results indicate the potential of rGO nanosheets for the enhancement of olefin permeabilities without significant drops in olefin/paraffin selectivities.
Analysis of a cloud migration framework for offline risk assessment of cloud service providers
Authors: Sen Amartya , Madria Sanjay 
Published: March 2020

SummaryGeneric notions of security on cloud platforms make clients apprehensive about fully migrating their applications on these platforms. The challenge lies in the capability of personalizing the security assessments of different cloud service providers from the perspective of the security requirements of the client applications to be hosted on them. This challenge was addressed by the previously proposed offline risk assessment framework for cloud service providers. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of a cloud migration framework that has been designed by adapting the novel security assessment principles of the offline risk assessment framework. The migration strategy has been modeled as a multiobjective optimization problem to further study the performance of numerous evolutionary algorithms in designing various cloud migration scenarios. The overall effectiveness of the proposed framework has been examined using a use‐case application scenario and semisynthetic cloud service providers.
Multi‐coefficients correlation methods
Authors: Zhang Wenna , Kong Xirui , Liu Sheng , Zhao Yan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA composite quantum chemical method is an approximated computational protocol designed to obtain highly accurate energies for different types of interactions. In this review, we summarize the recent advance in the evolution, assessments, and applications of the multi‐coefficients correlation methods (MCCMs) and doubly hybrid MCCMs, especially the recent Wuhan‐Minnesota‐Scaling method, for accurate calculations of Born–Oppenheimer energies of molecular systems. The review gives an overview of the methods along with their performance on the W4‐17 database.This article is categorized under:
Electronic Structure Theory > Ab Initio Electronic Structure Methods
Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory
Software > Quantum Chemistry
A low-scale flavon model with a ℤN symmetry
Authors: Higaki Tetsutaro , Kawamura Junichiro 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We propose a model that explains the fermion mass hierarchy by the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism with a discrete $$ {\mathrm{\mathbb{Z}}}_N^F $$

ℤ
N
F

symmetry. As a concrete model, we study a super-symmetric model with a single flavon coupled to the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model. Flavon develops a TeV scale vacuum expectation value for realizing flavor hierarchy, an appropriate μ-term and the electroweak scale, hence the model has a low cutoff scale. We demonstrate how the flavon is successfully stabilized together with the Higgs bosons in the model. The discrete flavor symmetry $$ {\mathrm{\mathbb{Z}}}_N^F $$

ℤ
N
F

controls not only the Standard Model fermion masses, but also the Higgs potential and a mass of the Higgsino which is a good candidate for dark matter. The hierarchy in the Higgs-flavon sector is determined in order to make the model anomaly-free and realize a stable electroweak vacuum. We show that this model can explain the fermion mass hierarchy, realistic Higgs-flavon potential and thermally produced dark matter at the same time. We discuss flavor violating processes induced by the light flavon which would be detected in future experiments.
The Ulam Stability Problem for the Functional Equation $$f(x\star g(y))=f(x)f(y)$$
Authors: Badora Roman 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe present a solution of Ulam’s stability problem for the functional equation $$f(x\star g(y))=f(x)f(y)$$f(x⋆g(y))=f(x)f(y) with vector-valued map f.
Integrativer Modellentwurf zu Coping und Abwehr ehemaliger BundeswehrsoldatInnen
Authors: Brants Loni , Schuy Katrin , Dors Simone , Horzetzky Marie , Rau Heinrich , Zimmermann Peter L. , Ströhle Andreas , Siegel Stefan 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungVerglichen mit dem profunden Wissen über die Erfahrungen und Bedürfnisse US-amerikanischer Soldaten, ist der Kenntnisstand über die psychische Gesundheit und die Bewältigungsmechanismen aktiver deutscher BundeswehrsoldatInnen eher gering. Über ehemalige EinsatzsoldatInnen, die inzwischen aus dem militärischen System ausgeschieden und Teil der deutschen Zivilgesellschaft geworden sind, ist noch viel weniger bekannt. Ziel der Pilotstudie war die Identifikation und Darstellung von Coping- und Abwehrmechanismen ehemaliger BundeswehrsoldatInnen mithilfe einer methodisch-strukturierten, qualitativen Datenerhebung. Zu diesem Zweck wurden 43 Interviews mit ehemaligen EinsatzsoldatInnen geführt, transkribiert und der thematischen Analyse unterzogen. Die identifizierten Coping- und Abwehrmechanismen wurden den Bereichen Verhalten, Beziehung, Emotion, Reflexion und Zeit zugewiesen und modellhaft in Achsenform veranschaulicht. Durch die bewusste Synthese von kognitiv-behavioralen und psychoanalytischen Perspektiven konnte ein differenziertes Bild erstellt sowie ein eigenständiges, schulenübergreifendes, integratives Achsenmodell zur Darstellung der bewussten und unbewussten Bewältigung belastender Erfahrungen entwickelt werden.
Histologische Diagnostik in der Gelenkpathologie in Zeiten rekonstruktiver Therapieverfahren – besondere Berücksichtigung der Knorpelschäden
Authors: Brochhausen Christoph , Grevenstein David , Mamilos Andreas , Babel Maximilian , Eysel Peer 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungDie operative Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie durchläuft aktuell einen deutlichen Wandel mit Blick auf die interventionellen Therapieverfahren, insbesondere in der Kniechirurgie. Minimalinvasive Techniken und rekonstruktive Verfahren verschieben nicht nur das Spektrum operativer Verfahren, sondern auch das der Fragestellungen an die histopathologische Diagnostik. Neben den klassischen Fragestellungen in der Kniechirurgie und der Endoprothetik hinsichtlich traumatischer, degenerativer und infektiöser Läsionen rücken Fragen nach dem Regenerationsgrad und der Integration von Zell-Material-Konstrukten in den Vordergrund. Außerdem gewinnen Fragestellungen bezüglich der regenerativen Fähigkeit eines potenziellen Implantatbettes und der Güte einer Entnahmestelle zur autologen Zellgewinnung an Bedeutung. Es wird deutlich, dass für spezifische Fragestellungen neue Scoringsysteme in die pathologische Routinediagnostik aufgenommen werden sollten. Am Beispiel der autologen Chondrozytentransplantation wird demonstriert, wie wichtig die histopathologische Beurteilung des Regeneratgewebes für das pathophysiologische Verständnis rekonstruktiver Verfahren in der Kniechirurgie ist. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick darüber, wie sich aus der raschen Entwicklung regenerativer Therapieverfahren in der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie neue Anforderungen an die histopathologische Diagnostik ergeben, erhebt dabei jedoch keinen Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit.
Iron deficiency is a common disorder in general population and independently predicts all-cause mortality: results from the Gutenberg Health Study
Authors: Schrage Benedikt , Rübsamen Nicole , Schulz Andreas , Münzel Thomas , Pfeiffer Norbert , Wild Philipp S. , Beutel Manfred , Schmidtmann Irene , Lott Rosemarie , Blankenberg Stefan , Zeller Tanja , Lackner Karl J. , Karakas Mahir 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Iron deficiency is now accepted as an independent entity beyond anemia. Recently, a new functional definition of iron deficiency was proposed and proved strong efficacy in randomized cardiovascular clinical trials of intravenous iron supplementation. Here, we characterize the impact of iron deficiency on all-cause mortality in the non-anemic general population based on two distinct definitions.

Methods
The Gutenberg Health Study is a population-based, prospective, single-center cohort study. The 5000 individuals between 35 and 74 years underwent baseline and a planned follow-up visit at year 5. Tested definitions of iron deficiency were (1) functional iron deficiency—ferritin levels below 100 µg/l, or ferritin levels between 100 and 299 µg/l and transferrin saturation below 20%, and (2) absolute iron deficiency—ferritin below 30 µg/l.

Results
At baseline, a total of 54.5% of participants showed functional iron deficiency at a mean hemoglobin of 14.3 g/dl; while, the rate of absolute iron deficiency was 11.8%, at a mean hemoglobin level of 13.4 g/dl. At year 5, proportion of newly diagnosed subjects was 18.5% and 4.8%, respectively. Rate of all-cause mortality was 7.2% (n = 361); while, median follow-up was 10.1 years. After adjustment for hemoglobin and major cardiovascular risk factors, the hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval of the association of iron deficiency with mortality was 1.3 (1.0–1.6; p = 0.023) for the functional definition, and 1.9 (1.3–2.8; p = 0.002) for absolute iron deficiency.

Conclusions
Iron deficiency is very common in the apparently healthy general population and independently associated with all-cause mortality in the mid to long term.

Graphic abstract
Safety and feasibility of minimally invasive surgical interventions for esophageal and gastric cancer in the acute setting: a nationwide cohort study
Authors:   the Dutch Upper G.I. Cancer Audit (DUCA) group, Borggreve Alicia S. , Kingma B. Feike , Ruurda Jelle P. , van Hillegersberg Richard 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Minimally invasive esophagectomy and gastrectomy are increasingly performed and might be superior to their open equivalents in an elective setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether minimally invasive approaches can be safely applied in the acute setting as well.

Methods
All patients who underwent an acute surgical intervention for primary esophageal or gastric cancer between 2011 and 2017 were identified from the nationwide database of the Dutch Upper GI Cancer Audit (DUCA). Conversion rates, postoperative complications, re-interventions, postoperative mortality, hospital stay and oncological outcomes (radical resection rates and median lymph node yield) were evaluated.

Results
Between 2011 and 2017, surgery for esophagogastric cancer was performed in an acute setting in 2% (190/8861) in The Netherlands. A total of 14 acute resections for esophageal cancer were performed, which included 7 minimally invasive esophagectomies and 7 open esophagectomies. As these numbers were very low, no comparison between minimally invasive and open esophagectomies was made. A total of 122 acute resections for gastric cancer were performed, which included 39 minimally invasive gastrectomies and 83 open gastrectomies. Conversion occurred in 9 patients (23%). Minimally invasive gastrectomy was at least comparable to open gastrectomy regarding postoperative complications (36% versus 51%), median hospital stay (9 days [IQR: 7–16 days] versus 11 days [IQR: 7–17 days]), readmissions (8% versus 11%) and oncological outcomes (radical resection rate: 87% versus 66%, median lymph node yield: 21 [IQR: 15–32 days] versus 16 [IQR: 11–24 days]).

Conclusions
Minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer is safe and feasible in the acute setting, with at least comparable postoperative clinical and short-term oncological outcomes compared to open surgery but a relatively high conversion rate.
Knock-on effect of periodontitis to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease?
Authors: Leblhuber Friedrich , Huemer Julia , Steiner Kostja , Gostner Johanna M. , Fuchs Dietmar 
Published: March 2020

SummaryBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease has chronic inflammatory components, which can be enhanced by systemic immune activation resulting in inflammation or vice versa.There is growing evidence that chronic periodontitis drives systemic inflammation and finally Alzheimer’s disease. Thus, a link might exist between oral pathogens and Alzheimer’s disease. This may be of special significance as there is an age-related incidence of chronic periodontitis.MethodsIn this study, 20 consecutive patients with probable Alzheimer’s disease were investigated. Diagnosis was established by cognitive tests, routine laboratory tests and cerebral magnetic resonance tomography. In 35% of these patients with cognitive impairment pathogenic periodontal bacteria were found.ResultsThe presence ofPorphyromonas gingivalis, the key pathogen and one of the species involved in chronic periodontitis, was found to be associated with lower mini mental state examination scores (p < 0.05) and with a tendency to lower scores in the clock drawing test (p = 0.056). Furthermore, association between lower serum concentrations of the immune biomarker neopterin and the presence ofTreponema denticola(p < 0.01) as well as of kynurenine were found in Alzheimer patients positive vs. negative forTannerella forsytia(p < 0.05).ConclusionsData indicate a possible association of specific periodontal pathogens with cognitive impairment,Treponema denticolaandTannerella forsytiamay alter the host immune response in Alzheimer’s disease. Albeit still preliminary, findings of the study may point to a possible role of an altered salivary microbiome as a causal link between chronic periodontitis and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease.
The NYU Children’s Health and Environment Study
Authors:   the NYU Children’s Health and Environment Study Team, Trasande Leonardo , Ghassabian Akhgar , Kahn Linda G. , Jacobson Melanie H. , Afanasyeva Yelena , Liu Mengling , Chen Yu , Naidu Mrudula , Alcedo Garry , Gilbert Joseph , Koshy Tony T. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aims of the NYU Children’s Health and Environment Study (CHES) are to evaluate influences of prenatal non-persistent chemical exposures on fetal and postnatal growth and pool our data with the US National Institutes of Health Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program to answer collaborative research questions on the impact of the preconceptual, prenatal, and postnatal environment on childhood obesity, neurodevelopment, pre/peri/postnatal outcomes, upper and lower airway outcomes, and positive health. Eligible women were ≥ 18 years old, < 18 weeks pregnant, had a pregnancy that is not medically threatened, and planned to deliver at NYU Langone Hospital—Manhattan, Bellevue Hospital, or NYU Langone Hospital—Brooklyn. Between March 22, 2016 and April 15, 2019, we recruited 2469 pregnant women, from whom 2193 completed an initial questionnaire and continued into NYU CHES. Of the 2193, 88 miscarried, 28 terminated, and 20 experienced stillbirth, while 57 were lost to follow up. We report here demographic and other characteristics of the 2000 live deliveries (2037 children), from whom 1624 (80%) consented to postnatal follow-up. Data collection in pregnancy was nested in clinical care, with questionnaire and specimen collection conducted during routine prenatal visits at < 18, 18–25, and > 25 weeks gestation. These have been followed by questionnaire and specimen collection at birth and regular postpartum intervals.
Impact of contraception and IVF hormones on metabolic, endocrine, and inflammatory status
Authors: Coussa Ayla , Hasan Hayder A. , Barber Thomas M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAssisted reproductive technologies (ART) represent commonly utilized management strategies for infertility with multifactorial causes (including genetically predisposed diseases). Amongst ART, in vitro fertilization (IVF) is the most popular. IVF treatment may predispose the mother to increased risks and complications during pregnancy, and there may be adverse fetal outcomes. Hormonal therapies, including oral contraceptives, may impair glucose and lipid metabolism, and promote insulin resistance and inflammation. IVF treatment involves administration of reproductive hormones, similar in composition but in much higher doses than those used for oral contraception. The provision of IVF reproductive hormones to mice associates with glucose intolerance. In addition, the physiological and hormonal changes of pregnancy can trigger an inflammatory response, and metabolic and endocrine changes. There is controversy regarding the potential effects of IVF hormonal therapies in the promotion of diabetogenic and inflammatory states, additional to those that occur during pregnancy, and which may therefore predispose women with IVF-conceived pregnancies to adverse obstetric outcomes compared with women with spontaneously conceived pregnancies. This review summarizes the limited published evidence regarding the effect of IVF-based fertility therapies on glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, cardio-metabolic profile, and markers of inflammation.