bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Raceway Grading on Return to Creel for Catchable-Sized Hatchery Rainbow Trout
Authors: Meyer Kevin A , Cassinelli John D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Hatchery trout of catchable size (i.e., about 250 mm total length; hereafter termed “catchables”), which are stocked into put-and-take fisheries, are expensive to raise, so fisheries management agencies strive to modify rearing practices to maximize the proportion of stocked catchables that anglers catch. We graded fish in production-level hatchery rearing units at both fingerling and catchable size, dividing the fish into “leaders” (herein, the larger fish in a rearing unit, separated during a grading event) and “laggers” (the smaller fish). We hypothesized that (1) grading and immediate stocking of catchable leaders and short-term retention and continued feeding of catchable laggers might increase lagger growth and result in a larger average size of fish being stocked (relative to fish from ungraded raceways), potentially improving overall return to creel for the graded group and (2) grading and separation of fingerling leaders and laggers early in the rearing process may reduce competition between smaller and larger fish for the remainder of the rearing period, potentially improving overall poststocking return to creel for the entire group without the need for catchable grading at the time of stocking. We found that grading catchables just prior to stocking slightly increased the mean size at stocking (compared with ungraded control fish) for the first stocking period, which resulted in slightly higher return to creel for stocked fish. However, across the entire stocking period and with equal feed between groups, mean size at release was nearly identical between the graded and the control fish, as was return to creel by anglers. Grading fingerlings to separate leaders and laggers for the remainder of the rearing period also had no positive effect on angler catch. Our findings suggest that production-level grading is ineffective at increasing the growth of laggers, so it will not increase overall size at stocking. Consequently, improvements in angler catch are unlikely to materialize from grading hatchery trout prior to stocking them into put-and-take fisheries.
Strategies for Engineering High‐Performance PGM‐Free Catalysts toward Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Du Lei , Xing Lixin , Zhang Gaixia , Dubois Marc , Sun Shuhui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe worldwide fossil fuel shortage and resultant environmental issues urgently require renewable and clean energy technologies. Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction/evolution reactions (ORR/OER) are the cornerstone for renewable energy conversion and storage devices, such as fuel cells, electrolyzers, unitized regenerative fuel cells, and metal‐air batteries. High‐performance electrocatalysts are required to improve the ORR and OER activity and stability, and thus the device performance. Therefore, appropriate strategies and methods are crucial for the rational design and synthesis of highly efficient ORR/OER electrocatalysts. On the other hand, the conventional platinum‐group‐metal‐based (PGM‐based) catalysts, such as Pt and Ir/Ru (oxides), have been facing great challenges, including limited resources and high cost, leading to them being less competitive in the market. Thus, a lot of effort has been devoted to developing alternative PGM‐free ORR/OER catalysts, which, however, still suffer from low activity and insufficient stability. In this review paper, the strategies for engineering high‐performance PGM‐free ORR and OER electrocatalysts are discussed by reviewing the most recent advances. At the end, perspectives on the methods to rationally design PGM‐free ORR and OER catalysts are provided.
DNA methylation changes of apoptotic genes in organogenesis stage of mice embryos by maternal chlorpyrifos induction
Authors: Barzi Nastaran Vahabi , Eftekhari Zohre , Doroud Delaram , Eidi Akram 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe continued use of pesticides is one of the requirements of modern agriculture. Investigations have shown that pesticides can alter gene methylation and expression and subsequently may lead to abortion or birth of embryos with teratogenic disorders. In present study, 30 female NMRI mouse were divided in three experimental groups which in the CPF group, intraperitoneal chlorpyrifos was injected, in the sham group, DMSO was injected, and the control group without injection. The mice were mated and utinized 10 days' post gestation. The number of embryos in each fertilized female, maternal weight, and liver fibrosis was evaluated. The apoptosis pathway genes (caspase3, caspase9) and protein expressions (pro‐caspase3, caspase3) of the embryos were evaluated with qRT‐PCR and western blot, respectively. The DNA methylation of caspase3 and caspase9 were also assessed. The number of embryos and obtained maternal weight from the CPF group was significantly lower than other two groups. The mRNA expression of Caspase3 and Caspase9 were significantly higher in the CPF group. The protein expression evaluation confirmed the results achieved at the mRNA level. The percentage of Caspase9 DNA methylation in embryos collected from the CPF group was higher compared to the others. It can be considered that consumption of chlorpyrifos toxin can alter the DNA methylation and increase the expression of apoptotic genes. Therefore, continuous use of chlopyrifos may affect pregnancy by increasing the apoptosis pathway in the developing embryos which may lead to abortion or teratogenic disorders in newborn infants.
Two different prenatal imaging cerebral patterns of tubulinopathy
Authors: Cabet S. , Karl K. , Garel C. , Delius M. , Hartung J. , Lesca G. , Chaoui R. , Guibaud L. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTTo illustrate the prenatal cerebral imaging features associated with tubulinopathy, we report on five affected fetuses from unrelated families, with a de‐novo heterozygous variant in a tubulin gene (TUBA1A, TUBB2B or TUBB3). We identified two distinct prenatal imaging patterns related to tubulinopathy: a severe form, characterized by enlarged germinal matrices, microlissencephaly and a kinked brainstem; and a mild form which has not been reported previously in the prenatal literature. The latter form is associated with non‐specific features, including an asymmetric brainstem, corpus callosal dysgenesis, a lack of Sylvian fissure operculization and distortion of the anterior part of the interhemispheric fissure with subsequent impacted medial borders of the frontal lobes, the combination of which, in the absence of additional extracerebral anomalies, is highly suggestive of tubulinopathy. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Biodegradation and biosorption of Reactive Red 120 dye by immobilized Pseudomonas guariconensis: Kinetic and toxicity study
Authors: Reddy Swarnkumar , Osborne Jabez W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractReactive dyes are pernicious pollutants in textile effluent, which are to be treated passably before discharging into the environment. In the present study, a potential dye degrading bacterial strain Pseudomonas guariconensis was isolated from paddy rhizosphere and was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The biodegradation ability of the strain was evaluated by time‐based study with immobilized bacterial cells in calcium alginate biocarrier matrix and also with free cells. The results indicated that the strain exhibited maximum degradation of 91% when immobilized in the biocarrier matrix. The enzymatic study revealed the production of oxidoreductase enzymes. The degraded products were identified as 2‐amino‐3‐phenylpropanoic acid and benzoquinone by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC‐MS) analysis, and a degradative pathway was derived based on the enzymatic profile. A packed bed column was designed using P. guariconensis VITSAJ5 immobilized in calcium alginate beads as a biosorbent for the removal of Reactive Red 120. The immobilized bacterial cells exhibited 87% uptake of RR120, whereas the nonimmobilized bacterial cells exhibited a maximum uptake of 37%. The phytotoxicity analysis by seed germination assay revealed an enhanced plumule and radicle length, indicating the nontoxic byproducts after the treatment of Reactive Red 120 by VITSAJ5 compared to the untreated Reactive Red 120 solution.Practitioner points

Current study is the first report on Pseudomonas guariconensis capable of degrading reactive dyes (Reactive Red 120)

It was observed that the degradation potential was maximum when cells were immobilized with Ca‐Ag biocarrier matrix

Breakdown metabolism of Reactive Red 120 was derived through pathway prediction

Employing immobilized bacteria in a packed bed column found to possess a prominent biosorption ability on the matrix enhancing the degradation process

Toxic reactive dye was converted into nontoxic compounds, evidenced by phytotoxicity studies
Phage nanofibers in nanomedicine: Biopanning for early diagnosis, targeted therapy, and proteomics analysis
Authors: Xu Hong , Cao Binrui , Li Yan , Mao Chuanbin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDisplay of a peptide or protein of interest on the filamentous phage (also known as bacteriophage), a biological nanofiber, has opened a new route for disease diagnosis and therapy as well as proteomics. Earlier phage display was widely used in protein–protein or antigen–antibody studies. In recent years, its application in nanomedicine is becoming increasingly popular and encouraging. We aim to review the current status in this research direction. For better understanding, we start with a brief introduction of basic biology and structure of the filamentous phage. We present the principle of phage display and library construction method on the basis of the filamentous phage. We summarize the use of the phage displayed peptide library for selecting peptides with high affinity against cells or tissues. We then review the recent applications of the selected cell or tissue targeting peptides in developing new targeting probes and therapeutics to advance the early diagnosis and targeted therapy of different diseases in nanomedicine. We also discuss the integration of antibody phage display and modern proteomics in discovering new biomarkers or target proteins for disease diagnosis and therapy. Finally, we propose an outlook for further advancing the potential impact of phage display on future nanomedicine.This article is categorized under:Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus‐Based Structures
Inter-study repeatability of circumferential strain and diastolic strain rate by CMR tagging, feature tracking and tissue tracking in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Nazir Sheraz A. , Shetye Abhishek M. , Khan Jamal N. , Singh Anvesha , Arnold Jayanth R. , Squire Iain , McCann Gerry P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractStrain assessment allows accurate evaluation of myocardial function and mechanics in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Strain using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has traditionally been assessed with tagging but limitations of this technique have led to more widespread use of alternative methods, which may be more robust. We compared the inter-study repeatability of circumferential global peak-systolic strain (Ecc) and peak-early diastolic strain rate (PEDSR) derived by tagging with values obtained using novel cine-based software: Feature Tracking (FT) (TomTec, Germany) and Tissue Tracking (TT) (Circle cvi42, Canada) in patients following STEMI. Twenty male patients (mean age 56 ± 10 years, mean infarct size 13.7 ± 7.1% of left ventricular mass) were randomised to undergo CMR 1–5 days post-STEMI at 1.5 T or 3.0 T, repeated after ten minutes at the same field strength. Ecc and PEDSR were assessed using tagging, FT and TT. Inter-study repeatability was evaluated using Bland–Altman analyses, coefficients of variation (CoV) and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Ecc (%) was significantly lower with tagging than with FT or TT at 1.5 T (− 9.5 ± 3.3 vs. − 17.5 ± 3.8 vs. −15.5 ± 5.2, respectively, p < 0.001) and 3.0 T (− 13.1 ± 1.8 vs. − 19.4 ± 2.9 vs. − 17.3 ± 2.1, respectively, p = 0.001). This was similar for PEDSR (.s−1): 1.5 T (0.6 ± 0.2 vs. 1.5 ± 0.4 vs. 1.0 ± 0.4, for tagging, FT and TT respectively, p < 0.001) and 3.0 T (0.6 ± 0.2 vs. 1.5 ± 0.3 vs. 0.9 ± 0.3, respectively, p < 0.001). Inter-study repeatability for Ecc at 1.5 T was good for tagging and excellent for FT and TT: CoV 16.7%, 6.38%, and 8.65%, respectively. Repeatability for Ecc at 3.0 T was good for all three techniques: CoV 14.4%, 11.2%, and 13.0%, respectively. However, repeatability of PEDSR was generally lower than that for Ecc at 1.5 T (CoV 15.1%, 13.1%, and 34.0% for tagging, FT and TT, respectively) and 3.0 T (CoV 23.0%, 18.6%, and 26.2%, respectively). Following STEMI, Ecc and PEDSR are higher when measured with FT and TT than with tagging. Inter-study repeatability of Ecc is good for tagging, excellent for FT and TT at 1.5 T, and good for all three methods at 3.0 T. The repeatability of PEDSR is good to moderate at 1.5 T and moderate at 3.0 T. Cine-based methods to assess Ecc following STEMI may be preferable to tagging.
Designing conceptual articles: four approaches
Authors: Jaakkola Elina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAs a powerful means of theory building, conceptual articles are increasingly called for in marketing academia. However, researchers struggle to design and write non-empirical articles because of the lack of commonly accepted templates to guide their development. The aim of this paper is to highlight methodological considerations for conceptual papers: it is argued that such papers must be grounded in a clear research design, and that the choice of theories and their role in the analysis must be explicated and justified. The paper discusses four potential templates for conceptual papers – Theory Synthesis, Theory Adaptation, Typology, and Model – and their respective aims, approach for using theories, and contribution potential. Supported by illustrative examples, these templates codify some of the tacit knowledge that underpins the design of non-empirical papers and will be of use to anyone undertaking, supervising, or reviewing conceptual research.
Characterizing the metric compactification of $$L_{p}$$ spaces by random measures
Authors: Gutiérrez Armando W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe present a complete characterization of the metric compactification of$$L_{p}$$Lpspaces for$$1\le p < \infty $$1≤p<∞. Each element of the metric compactification of$$L_{p}$$Lpis represented by a random measure on a certain Polish space. By way of illustration, we revisit the$$L_{p}$$Lp-mean ergodic theorem for$$1< p < \infty $$1<p<∞, and Alspach’s example of an isometry on a weakly compact convex subset of$$L_{1}$$L1with no fixed points.
Radiocarbon Dating of Small-sized Foraminifer Samples: Insights into Marine sediment Mixing
Authors: Missiaen L , Wacker L , Lougheed B C , Skinner L , Hajdas I , Nouet J , Pichat S , Waelbroeck C 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTRadiocarbon (14C) can be used to build absolute chronologies and reconstruct ocean ventilation over the last 40 ka. Sample size requirements have restricted14C measurements in marine cores with low foraminifer content, impeding14C-based studies focused on abrupt climate events. Recent developments have demonstrated that small-sized foraminifer samples can now be dated using a gas introduction system at the cost of a small decrease in precision. We explore the potential of gas measurements on benthic and planktonic foraminifers from core SU90-08 (43°03′1″N, 30°02′5″W, 3080 m). Gas measurements are accurate, reproducible within 2σ uncertainty and comparable to graphite measurements. Both techniques yield negative14C benthic-planktonic (B-P) age-offsets after Heinrich event 1. We argue that negative B-P ages result from bioturbation and changes in foraminifer abundances, with the chance of negative B-P especially increased when the14C age gradient between the deep and surface waters is decreased. Small-sized14C measurements seem to capture the variance of the foraminifera age distribution, revealing the active mixing in those archives. Sediment deposition and mixing effects possibly pose a greater obstacle for past14C-based dating and ocean ventilation reconstructions than the measurement precision itself, particularly in relatively low sedimentation rate settings.
Supplementation of natural prey with pollen grains exerts an influence on the life table parameters of Neoseiulus californicus
Authors: Soltaniyan Afsaneh , Kheradmand Katayoon , Fathipour Yaghoub , Shirdel Davoud 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBetter performance of generalist predators, as well as an increase in their density, may be an incentive factor in the ability of the predators to exploit more than one food item or mixed diets. In this study, the effects of four pollen grains (cedar, pear, apricot, and pistachio) when provided to Neoseiulus californicus in mixed diets with prey, Tetranychus urticae, were evaluated. The result indicated that the fastest female developmental time was observed on pistachio pollen + T. urticae, together with apricot pollen + T. urticae. Females reared on the mixed diet comprising pistachio pollen reflected the longest total life span duration, while the shortest total life span was observed in those on the diet that included pear pollen. Furthermore, the lowest fecundity, as well as the shortest reproduction period, was determined on the diets that included pear pollen, while the highest fecundity and the longest reproduction period were observed in pistachio pollen + T. urticae. In addition, the intrinsic (r) and finite rate of increase (λ), net (R0) and gross (GRR) reproductive rates were highest in pistachio pollen + T. urticae. These findings have important implications for developing a comprehensive biological control program of T. urticae, which will be discussed.
Aberrant salience and reward processing: a comparison of measures in schizophrenia and anxiety
Authors: Neumann Suzanne R. , Glue Paul , Linscott Richard J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAberrant salience may contribute to the development of schizophrenia symptoms via alterations in reward processing and motivation. However, tests of this hypothesis have yielded inconsistent results. These inconsistencies may reflect problems with the validity and specificity of measures of aberrant salience in schizophrenia. Therefore, we investigated relationships among measures of aberrant salience, reward, and motivation in schizophrenia and anxiety.MethodIndividuals with schizophrenia (n = 30), anxiety (n = 33) or unaffected by mental disorder (n = 30) completed measures of aberrant salience [Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI), Salience Attribution Test (SAT)], motivation (Effort Expenditure for Reward Task), and reinforcer sensitivity (Stimulus Chase Task).ResultsSchizophrenia participants scored higher than anxiety (d = 0.71) and unaffected (d = 1.54) groups on the ASI and exhibited greater aberrant salience (d = 0.60) and lower adaptive salience (d = 0.98) than anxious participants on the SAT. There was no evidence of a correlation between measures of aberrant salience. Schizophrenia was associated with related deficits in motivated behaviour and maladaptive reward processing. However, these differences in reward processing did not correlate with aberrant salience measures.ConclusionsThe results suggest that key measures of aberrant salience have limited specificity and validity. These problems may account for inconsistent findings reported in the literature.
Eye-movement benchmarks in Heritage Language reading
Authors: Parshina Olga , Laurinavichyute Anna K. , Sekerina Irina A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis eye-tracking study establishes basic benchmarks of eye movements during reading in heritage language (HL) by Russian-speaking adults and adolescents of high (n = 21) and low proficiency (n = 27). Heritage speakers (HSs) read sentences in Cyrillic, and their eye movements were compared to those of Russian monolingual skilled adult readers, 8-year-old children and L2 learners. Reading patterns of HSs revealed longer mean fixation durations, lower skipping probabilities, and higher regressive saccade rates than in monolingual adults. High-proficient HSs were more similar to monolingual children, while low-proficient HSs performed on par with L2 learners. Low-proficient HSs differed from high-proficient HSs in exhibiting lower skipping probabilities, higher fixation counts, and larger frequency effects. Taken together, our findings are consistent with theweaker linksaccount of bilingual language processing as well as thedivergent attainmenttheory of HL.
No effect of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters but on	lipids in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney	disease
Authors: Kim Jiwoon , Nam Ji Sun , Kim Heejung , Lee Hye Sun , Lee Jung Eun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Background/Aims: Trials on the effects of cholecalciferol supplementation in type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease patients were underexplored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two different doses of vitamin D supplementation on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and metabolic parameters in vitamin D-deficient Korean diabetes patients with chronic kidney disease. Methods: 92 patients completed this study: the placebo group (A, n = 33), the oral cholecalciferol 1,000 IU/day group (B, n = 34), or the single 200,000 IU injection group (C, n = 25, equivalent to 2,000 IU/day). 52% of the patients had less than 60 mL/min/1.73m2 of glomerular filtration rates. Laboratory test and pulse wave velocity were performed before and after supplementation. Results: After 12 weeks, serum 25(OH)D concentrations of the patients who received vitamin D supplementation were significantly increased (A, -2.4 ± 1.2 ng/mL vs. B, 10.7 ± 1.2 ng/mL vs. C, 14.6 ± 1.7 ng/mL; p < 0.001). In addition, the lipid profiles in the vitamin D injection group (C) showed a significant decrease in triglyceride and a rise in HDL cholesterol. However, the other parameters showed no differences. Conclusions: Our data indicated that two different doses and routes of vitamin D administration significantly and safely increased serum 25(OH)D concentrations in vitamin D-deficient diabetes patients with comorbid chronic kidney disease. In the group that received the higher vitamin D dose, the lipid profiles showed significant improvement, but there were no beneficial effects on other metabolic parameters.