bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of endoscopic versus conventional septoplasty
Authors: Dhaka Ramniwas , Arya Pooja , Chand Deep , Samor Vivek , Bishnoi Ramchander , Khadav Sukhdev 
Published: July 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Deviated nasal septum is one of the common causes of nasal obstruction. Correction of deviated nasal septum has been performed by a variety of techniques of which Septoplasty is the most popular one. With the advent of endoscopes and their successful use in endoscopic sinus surgery endoscopes have been tried in septoplasty for better visualization of posterior part of septum and do the surgery more precisely and with less complication as compare to conventional method. The objectives of the study were to compare the outcomes of conventional and endoscopic septoplasty, to evaluate the advantages, disadvantages and complications of both endoscopic and conventional septoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a prospective observational study conducted on 50 patients with deviated nasal septum, who presented to ENT department of SPMC, Bikaner, patients were randomly divided equally in two groups for conventional and endoscopic septoplasty respectively. Data collected on a prestructured proforma and results analysed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The study included 50 cases. Postoperatively significant relief from the symptoms of nasal obstruction (82%) in group A and (96%) group B, was seen. In objective assessment at the end of 3 months of surgery, patient had persistent posterior deviation 24% in group A and 3% in group B, spur 12% in group A and 0% in group B.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Endoscopic septoplasty has an obvious edge over the conventional approach due to better illumination which enables to identify the pathology accurately, excise the deviated part of septum precisely and realignment of the cartilage for best results.</p>
How a COVID-19 positive patient can present to an otolaryngologist, a variable presentation: what not to miss?
Authors: Maqbool Tabish , Mehta Kulvinder Singh , Mustafa Hena 
Published: July 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> COVID-19 has led to the global pandemic which started in Wuhan, in China. It is highly contagious and the presenting symptoms may not alarm the patient or the doctor and can be confused with allergies and other simple viral respiratory tract infections in mild cases. Aim of this study was to evaluate the various presentations of COVID-19 patients in department of otorhinolaryngology.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was done during pandemic, from March 2020 to May 2020 for a period of 3 months in government medical college Srinagar. If the patient had any significant travel or contact with the known or suspected COVID-19 positive patient and the various ENT symptoms with which COVID positive patients presented, to the department were evaluated. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of patients were males between the age group of 21 to 40 years. The most common symptoms encountered was cough and fever followed by sore throat and rhinitis. One patient also presented with subacute thyroiditis and two others as neck abscess. Two patients presented with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Patients in the department can present with mild respiratory tract infection or also with some peculiar symptoms of subacute thyroiditis or abcess. So, careful history is the key to recognize these patients. And it is highly recommended that doctors during addressing the patients should be in proper protective kits to avoid contracting the disease.</p>
A Framework for Healthcare Resilience During Widespread Electrical Power Loss
Authors: Sell Tara Kirk , Lien Onora , Toner Eric 
Published: July 2020

Healthcare delivery systems are vulnerable to a prolonged loss of electric power, particularly an extended regional or multi‐region breakdown in the electric grid. This is attributable to the reliance of acute care and ambulatory facilities on continuous electric supply for both life‐saving and vital facility support functions. We describe how a framework for disaster resilience can be applied to improve healthcare system adaptability to such scenarios. Our recommendations emphasize important preparedness efforts necessary to maintain—as best as possible—healthcare services during a period of extended regional of multi‐region electrical power loss.Specifically, we call for the development and activation of energy resilient disaster resource hospitals, the need for enhanced healthcare coalition (HCC), Medical Reserve Corps, and national disaster medical system involvement during high‐impact electric outage conditions, the necessity for a centralized federal coordination function, and public engagement to facilitate a culture of resilience to health disasters, including the extended loss of power. In order to increase preparedness, we advocate the development and implementation of pilot projects intended to enhance health sector resilience to power grid failure.
Restructuring Public Policy for Large Numbers of Elders Living with Disabilities
Authors: Lynn Joanne , Franco Nils 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWith nearly twice as many elderly Americans living with disabilities expected within a dozen years, public policy must update and revise the social arrangements that support caregiving, disability, and old age. Needs that already often go unmet will mount, growing from quietly suffered indignities to broadly felt breakdowns. Inequities faced by young and old will compound this shared strain.Creating long‐term care financing arrangements, accessible housing stock, and resilient macroeconomics for an aging population will require long lead times and therefore prompt convergence and enactment of policies and programs to address these needs. For example, while academic and independent policy institutions have recommended public catastrophic long‐term care social insurance and private insurance market reforms, delay in enacting these modest policies keep the US on a default course to underfunded but cripplingly expensive safety net obligations, any gaps in which will impoverish elders and their families. The US has not even developed a serious dialogue on disability adapted and affordable housing or on the macroeconomics facts that demand investment in highly productive young adults.Equity, efficiency, and capacity of social services, caregiving, and medical care also require redesign over the next few years. Community arrangements shape much of the experience of declining health in old age. The US urgently needs to enable a number of communities (counties, cities, and rural regions) to move ahead aggressively to redefine excellence and affordability in eldercare, making exemplars that the rest of the nation could emulate.Some critical issues do not yet have the language for public discourse, being treated as taboo subjects. We outline four of these and call for data and reflection.We all deserve to come to old age confident that we have the needed supports, so that we can enjoy the last of life with comfort and meaningfulness, without impoverishing the next generations.
Public Guardianship: Policy and Practice
Authors: Teaster Pamela B. , Chamberlain Stephanie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGuardianship is a process by which a court delegates to a person or entity the duty and power to make personal, property, or both person and property decisions for another individual based upon a determination that he or she is unable able to make decisions for him‐ or herself. Guardianship has at its foundation the protection and care of individuals unable to make decisions about their person, their property, or both; however, far too little is known about this creature of the court system. Public guardianship, or guardianship of last resort, refers to the appointment and responsibility of a public official or publicly funded entity who serves as a legal guardian in the absence of willing, able, and responsible family members or friends to serve as, or without resources to employ, a private guardian. Problems with the guardianship system include prolonged delays for an appointment, a far‐too‐close relationship between judges and guardians, guardians' lack of familiarity with the individuals they serve, their limited expertise in medical decision‐making, and their unconscionably large caseloads. The purpose of this article is to provide a description of the guardianship system, explain what is known in the available research, and identify recommendations for policy and practice.
Ramadan 2020 and Beyond in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Scientific Evidence For Action
Authors: Elmajnoun Hala , Elhag Mohammed , Mohamed Hatem , Haris Parvez , Abu-Median Abu-Bakr 
Published: July 2020

Background: Ramadan is a sacred month in Islam, which involves 29–30 days of dawn-till-dusk dry-fasting. Millions of Muslims observed Ramadan fasting (RF) this year in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. Certain ethnic groups worldwide, including Muslims, have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19, raising fears that fasting could bring additional health risks. This directly impacted on the current challenges faced by health professionals. The COVID-19 virus is expected to become seasonal. Therefore, the evidence presented in this review is valid beyond Ramadan as intermittent fasting is practiced more widely, irrespective of religion, throughout the year as a therapeutic and prophylactic means for several conditions.
Methods: A wide range of literature databases were searched for the effects of RF and intermittent fasting on human health and then linked to COVID-19 impact to generate the evidence.
Results: This review presents a body of evidence proving RF is safe and beneficial for healthy people who adopt a balanced diet, drink plenty of fluids, and engage in regular physical activity. Fasting reduces levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6), which are associated with severe COVID-19. Furthermore, increased handwashing and hygiene during Ramadan may reduce infection risks. For some, social isolation, physical inactivity, reduced access to food and stress – linked to the pandemic – may minimize the benefits that is achieved during a “normal” Ramadan.
Conclusions: RF during the COVID-19 pandemic is not a cause of concern for healthy people. However, people who are ill are exempt from fasting and should seek medical advice if they wish to fast. RF during the COVID-19 pandemic is a unique experience and future research will reveal its impact on human health.
Key words: COVID-19; Ramadan; fasting; health; mental; exercise; isolation; lockdown; diabetes; biomarkers
Evaluation of the Automated Testing Framework: A Case Study
Authors: Méndez-Porras Abel , Alfaro-Velasco Jorge , Martínez Alexandra 
Published: July 2020

Developing mobile applications without defects or in a minimum number is an important challenge for programmers and quality assurance teams. Automated software test can be the key to improve the traditional manual testing, often time consuming and repetitive. Mobile applications support user-interaction characteristics, whichareindependentfromtheapplicationlogic.Theyincludecontentpresentationornavigationfeatures,such as scroll or zoom into screens, and a rotating device.
In this paper, an automated testing framework is proposed and evaluated. This framework integrates user- interaction features, historical bug information, and an interest points detector and descriptor to identify new bugs. It has shown that it works well detecting bugs associated with user-interactions.
In horses with osteoarthritis, is mesenchymal stem cell therapy more effective at managing lameness than intra-articular corticosteroids?
Authors: Pratley Laura 
Published: July 2020

PICO question
In horses with osteoarthritis, is mesenchymal stem cell therapy more effective at managing lameness than intra-articular corticosteroids?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research question
Treatment
The number and type of study designs reviewed
Nine papers were critically reviewed; seven experimental trials and two randomised controlled double-blinded trials.
Strength of evidence
Weak to moderate
Outcomes reported
There is moderate evidence to suggest that chondrogenically induced mesenchymal stem cells combined with equine allogenic plasma have a good efficacy at reducing lameness in the short-term, in horses with mild to moderate lameness associated with osteoarthritis. However, there is no definitive evidence directly comparing mesenchymal stem cell therapy and corticosteroids, to identify if mesenchymal stem cell therapy is more effective than intra-articular corticosteroids.
Conclusion
In horses with mild to moderate lameness associated with osteoarthritis, there is moderate evidence to suggest that mesenchymal stem cell therapies are effective at managing lameness. However, it is undetermined whether they are more effacious than intra-articular corticosteroids.

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision-making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Hormonal induction maturation of silver pompano Trachinotus blochii
Authors: Putra Wiwin Kusuma Atmaja , Raza’i Tengku Said 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

This study was aimed to acquire the most suitable hormone treatment to induce gonad maturation of silver pompano Trachinotus blochii. This study used a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications, i.e NaCl 90% (control) (0.5 mL/kg), hCG (20 IU/kg fish body weight), PMSG (20 IU/kg fish body weight), and PG600 (20 IU/kg fish body weight). Parameters measured were gonadosomatic index (GSI), hepatosomatic index (HSI), gonad maturity level (TKG), gonad histology, and absolute growth. The best result was PG600 treatment with 0.12% gonadosomatic index, 2.29% hepatosomatic index, TKG IV, and 85 g absolute growth for four weeks. This study concludes that the most suitable hormone to induce gonad maturation of silver pompano Trachinotus blochii is PG600 with 20 IU/kg body weight, which effectively affects GSI, HSI, and absolute growth of silver pompano.

Keywords: hCG, maturation, PG600, PMSG, silver pompano.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hormon yang terbaik untuk menginduksi maturasi gonadikan bawal bintang. Hormon yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalahkontrol NaCl 90% (dosis 0,5 mL/kg), hCG(dosis 20 IU/kg bobot tubuh ikan), PMSG (dosis 20 IU/kg bobot tubuh ikan), dan PG600 (dosis 20 IU/kg bobot tubuh ikan). Parameter yang diamati adalah indeks gonadosomatik (GSI), indeks hepatosomatik (HSI), tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG), histologi gonad, dan pertumbuhan bobot mutlak. Hasil terbaik adalah perlakuan PG600 dengan gonadosomatik indeks (0,12%), hepatosomatik indeks (2,29%), TKG IV,dan pertumbuhan mutlak (85 g) selama empat minggu. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah perlakuan hormone yang berpotensi menginduksi maturasi gonad ikan bawal bintang adalah hormon PG600 dengan dosis 20 IU/kg bobot tubuh dikarenakan adanya pengaruh nyata tehadap parameter GSI, HSI dan pertumbuhan mutlak ikan bawal bintang.

Kata kunci: ikan bawal bintang, hCG, PMSG, PG600, maturasi.
Resistencia a la tracción diametral in vitro de cinco cementos dentales usados como cementantes de puentes y coronas en prótesis fijas
Authors: Chávez Sánchez Elizabeth , Jiménez Mendoza Wilber , Malpartida Valderrama Kelly , Soto Carrión Carolina 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: El propósito de la investigación fue evaluar la resistencia a la tracción diametral in vitro de cinco cementos dentales: BisCem, Duolink, Ketac Cem, Meron, Allcem, cuatro adhesivos convencionales y un autoadhesivo polimerizado químicamente utilizados como cementantes de puentes y coronas en prótesis fijas. Materiales y métodos: Se prepararon 100 especímenes conformados por cementos: BisCem, Duolink, Ketac Cem, Meron, Allcem, los cuales se dividieron aleatoriamente en 5 grupos de 20 especímenes cada grupo sujetas a fotopolimerización y auto polimerización de 8mm de diámetro y 5mm de alto, con 2mm de distancia aproximadamente de la lámpara para la polimerización, se utilizó un formador de probetas de polietileno de alta densidad estandarizado, el tipo de muestreo es no probabilístico. Se sometieron a los especímenes de cada grupo a la prueba de tracción utilizando una máquina de ensayo universal (zwickiLine by Zwick/Roell), hasta lograr el fracaso del cemento, sometidas a una fuerza continua de 500 kg, con una velocidad de desplazamiento fija de 1 cm/min. Resultados: La resistencia promedio a la tracción diametral de probetas del cemento BisCem fue de 38,75 ± 11,56 MPa, del cemento Duolink fue 64,30 MPa, del cemento Meron 57,14 MPa, del cemento Ketac Cem es de 32,23 MPa, del cemento BisCem (38,753 MPa) y el cemento Ketac Cem (39,233 MPa). El cemento dental Duolink es aquel que presenta mayor resistencia a la tracción diametral de probetas en comparación a Meron (57,137 MPa) que es su similar. La tabulación y el análisis han sido sometidos a los test de Shapiro Wilk, análisis de varianza ANOVA y la prueba de Tuckey los valores de cada muestra se distribuyen normalmente existiendo diferencias significativas entre los grupos estudiados. Conclusiones: Las probetas del cemento de resina adhesiva Duolink evidenció una mayor resistencia a la tracción diametral con mejores valores significativos de resistencia a diferencia de los cementos Ketac Cem, Allcem, Meron y BisCem.
Les protéines de pois : de leur fonction dans la graine à leur utilisation en alimentation animale
Authors: PERROT C. 
Published: July 2020

Riche en protéines, le pois est une matière première d’origine européenne particulièrement intéressante pour l’alimentation des animaux monogastriques. Dans la graine de pois, la principale fonction des protéines est de servir de réserve d’azote et d’acides aminés. Cette fonction engendre, pour ces protéines, certaines caractéristiques particulières, telles qu’une structure particulièrement compacte, ou une résistance à l’hydrolyse avant la germination. En alimentation animale, les protéines de pois présentent une digestibilité assez variable, généralement inférieure à celle d’aliments témoins (soja). La digestibilité des protéines peut être limitée à plusieurs niveaux : au niveau de l’hydrolyse par les enzymes digestives, au niveau de l’absorption des produits d’hydrolyse et au niveau de la réaction de l’animal à l’aliment, pouvant se traduire par une perte accrue de protéines endogènes. Différents facteurs ont été proposés pour expliquer la limitation de la digestibilité des protéines de pois : présence d’inhibiteurs trypsiques, de lectines, de fibres, structure particulière des protéines, antigénicité de ces protéines. L’application de traitements technologiques peut avoir des conséquences positives (dénaturation de protéines, inactivation d’inhibiteurs, perte de la structure cellulaire...) ou négatives (réticulation, insolubilisation de protéines) sur la digestibilité des protéines.
Emissions annuelles de méthane d’origine digestive par les bovins en France. Variations selon le type d’animal et le niveau de production
Authors: VERMOREL M. 
Published: July 2020

Les ruminants sont parfois accusés a priori de contribuer largement à l’effet de serre en raison de leur production de méthane d’origine digestive. Les émissions journalières de méthane des principaux types de bovins ont été déterminées à l’aide de chambres respiratoires. Les émissions annuelles de méthane d’origine digestive des bovins laitiers ou à viande en France ont été calculées en tenant compte des types d’animaux, des niveaux de production, du type d’alimentation au cours de l’année et des effectifs en 1993.
L’émission de méthane d’une vache laitière est comprise entre 140 et 160 m3 par an pour une production laitière variant de 3 400 à 6 500 kg. La quantité de méthane émise en moyenne par kg de lait passe de 41 à 25 litres pour cette même plage de production.
L’émission de méthane d’une vache allaitante est en moyenne de 120 m3/an. Celle des bovins en croissance se situe entre 56 et 78 m3/an selon la vitesse de croissance et le type de production. En revanche, l’émission de méthane par kg de carcasse produite diminue lorsque la vitesse de croissance augmente ; elle se situe entre 0,32 et 0,49 m3/kg pour les bovins de races laitières et entre 0,58 et 1,04 m3/kg pour les bovins de races bouchères si on inclut la production de méthane de la mère pendant un an.
Ainsi, l’émission totale de méthane des bovins en 1993 est de l’ordre de 1,86 milliard de m3 (soit 1,33 millions de tonnes) dont 38 % par les 4,6 millions de vaches laitières et 6 % par les génisses futures reproductrices, 26 % par les 4,0 millions de vaches allaitantes, 7 % par les génisses futures reproductrices et 23 % par les 6,6 millions de bovins en croissance destinés à la production de viande. Les possibilités de réduire les émissions de méthane des ruminants et des autres sources de pollution sont discutées.
La production d’embryons chez les bovins : quelles voies de recherches pour augmenter l’efficacité des traitements de superovulation ?
Authors: SAUMANDE J. 
Published: July 2020

Chez les bovins, le transfert d’embryons s’est développé sur une base commerciale depuis environ 15 ans. Malgré les nombreux travaux de recherches réalisés pendant cette période, les deux problèmes majeurs identifiés dès le début de l’utilisation de cette technique demeurent : le nombre moyen d’embryons récoltés par vache traitée reste faible, ce qui a pour conséquence un coût de production élevé et la fréquence des animaux qui ne produisent aucun embryon transférable est trop élevée pour que la technique soit utilisée au mieux dans les programmes d’amélioration génétique. Cette situation limite le développement du transfert d’embryons ; elle perdure alors que les traitements de superovulation sont optimisés et que les extraits hypophysaires utilisés pour stimuler la croissance folliculaire sont bien mieux définis et contrôlés qu’il y a 15 ans.
Actuellement, le principal facteur qui détermine le nombre d’embryons transférables est le nombre d’ovulations induites. Des études portant sur les relations entre fonction ovarienne et réponse au traitement de superovulation ont montré que ce nombre d’ovulations dépendait de l’état de la population folliculaire au moment où débute la stimulation gonadotrope (présence d’un follicule dominant, nombre de follicules de plus de deux millimètres de diamètre). Il apparaît donc que l’amélioration de l’efficacité des traitements de superovulation dépend moins de la mise à disposition de nouvelles molécules ou de nouveaux protocoles de traitement que de l’administration d’un pré-traitement susceptible de faire régresser le follicule dominant et/ou d’augmenter le nombre de follicules recrutables par les gonadotrophines. A cette fin, différentes possibilités sont envisagées ; les résultats préliminaires sont encourageants et devraient permettre de proposer prochainement de nouvelles stratégies pour une production d’embryon plus efficace.