bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrometallurgical Regeneration of LiMn2O4 Cathode Scrap Material and Its Electrochemical Properties
Authors: Liu Dandan , Zhang Yanhui , Su Zhi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe main researches focus on the recovery of metal elements in lithium manganate and not consider regenerating the cathode scrap materials. In this study, first, the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder is removed by a combination of solvent dissolution and heat treatment. PVDF is easily separated by dissolving in an N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone solution at a heating temperature of 60 °C, stirring time of 50 min, and solid solution ratio of 80 g⋅L−1. The dissolution rate of the scrap material achieves 86.70 % under optimal conditions. Further, using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy to define the Li and Mn metal contents, and the LiMn2O4 cathode material is regenerated by a hydrometallurgical method. At the optimum calcination conditions of 500 °C for 12 h, electrochemical performance show that there are obvious charge and discharge platforms in the charge/discharge curves, and high first‐cycle discharge capacity is 123.7 mAh g−1 (3.0–4.3 V and 0.1 C), after 50 cycles, it decrease to 83.2 mAh g−1.
Remarkably Boosted Molecular Delivery Triggered by Combined Thermal and Flexoelectrical Field Dual Stimuli
Authors: Zhang Shuting , Yu Peng , Zhang Yi , Ma Zequn , Teng Kaixuan , Hu Xiantong , Lu Limei , Zhang Yihe , Zhao Yantao , An Qi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEfficient controllable drug delivery is important in medical treatment. Abrupt release of a drug is important in targeted drug release therapies or first‐aid scenarios but materials reported to date still suffer from low efficiencies with regards to both release speeds and the total released amount. In this study, we report that combining both thermal and flexoelectrical field stimuli can lead to effective acceleration of drug delivery. When tapping the flexible substrate elevated temperatures, acceleration of drug release is increased from up to 21 % to 540 % times for different molecules, remarkably higher than a single type of thermal or E‐field stimulus. In addition, the dual responsive substrate exhibits good antibacterial effects. We believe that the work reported herein will be of benefit to the design of rapid drug release materials for medical treatment.
Enhancing Hydrogen Evolution Reaction by Synergistically Coupling NiMo Alloy with Ni(OH)2 Nanosheet on Carbon Cloth
Authors: Li Chunyan , Wang Jiankang , Wang Yajing , Li Jiaxin , Yao Zhongping , Jiang Zhaohua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSluggish water dissociation step severely constraints the efficiency of alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Inspired by the merits of the favorable water dissociation ability of Ni(OH)2 and moderate hydrogen bonding strength on NiMo alloy, in this paper, NiMo/Ni(OH)2 nanohybrid on carbon cloth (CC) was synthesized by hydrothermal method and subsequent electrodeposition technique. XRD, SEM and XPS confirmed NiMo alloy was electrodeposited on Ni(OH)2 nanosheet surface. Alkaline HER measurement unveiled that NiMo/Ni(OH)2/CC exhibited the highest alkaline HER performance with overpotential of 132 mV at 10 mA/cm2 among as‐prepared samples, Tafel slope and EIS spectra verified the HER kinetics and the water dissociation rate were enhanced after embedding NiMo alloy into Ni(OH)2 nanosheets. The outstanding alkaline HER performance can be assigned to the coupling effect between NiMo alloy and Ni(OH)2, and Ni alloying with Mo. The preeminent HER performance and facile preparation method of NiMo/Ni(OH)2/CC endow it with prospect application in alkaline water splitting.
Design and Synthesis of Aminoacetylenic Indole and Carbazole Hybrid Compounds
Authors: Al‐Qawasmeh Raed A. , Hussein Nura A. , Shehadi Ihsan , Khanfar Monther A. , Salameh Bader A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA novel series of aminoacetylenic indole and carbazole hybrid compounds had been prepared via a three‐component reaction system in which a mannich type reaction was used in the coupling of propargylic indole or carbazole with cyclic amines and formaldehyde in the presence of Cu(I) catalyst. A side product of the self‐coupling reaction of propargylic indole was also separated and characterized by physicochemical techniques. NMR, single crystal x‐ray, High‐resolution mass spectra (HRMS) are used in the characterization of the synthesized compounds and intermediates
DNA and Protein Interaction Studies of Heteroleptic Copper (II) Derivatives of Benzothiazole‐Based Schiff Base and N,N‐Donor Ligands
Authors: Kiran Tummalapalli , Pathak Madhvesh , Chanda Kaushik , Balamurali M. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA couple of heteroleptic copper(II) complexes, [Cu(HL1)(bpy)](NO3)2.2H2O (4 a) and [Cu (HL1)(phen)](NO3)2.2H2O (4 b), where HL1 is 2‐((benzo[d]thiazol‐2‐ylimino)methyl) phenol, bpy=2,2′‐bipyridyl and phen is 1,10‐phenanthroline have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, UV/Vis, FTIR, NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric techniques. The binding interaction of metal complexes with ct‐DNA was assessed by electronic absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy and docking studies. The studies reveal that the complexes 4 a and 4 b interact with DNA via intercalation mode of binding with an intrinsic binding constant (Kb) 1.45 ± 0.21 × 104 M−1 and 4.65 ± 0.21 × 104 M−1, respectively. Further, protein (Bovine serum albumin i. e. BSA) interaction studies revealed the quenching constants (Kb) to be 5.62 × 105 M−1 for complex 4 a and 1.03 × 106 M−1 for complex 4 b. All the spectral data proved about metal complexes bind with ct‐DNA and BSA having significant binding affinities. Circular dichroism studies also revels the intercalative mode with conformational changes of ct‐DNA with increasing concentrations. DNA binding property of such molecules serves as shape selective conformational probes. Similar compounds are reported to have potential applications in medicinal and diagnostic industries. They have significant roles in the development of fluorescent probes for biological applications.
Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activity, Molecular Docking and DFT Study: Aryl‐Carbamic Acid 1‐Benzyl‐1H‐[1,2,3]Triazol‐4‐ylmethyl Esters
Authors: Naveen  , Kumar Tittal Ram , Vikas Ghule D. , Rani Poonam , Lal Kashmiri , Kumar Ashwani 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBioactive carbamate‐1,4‐disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazole hybrid molecules were synthesized and characterized in high yield from carbamate‐linked terminal alkynes and in situ generated azides using Cell‐CuI‐NPs as heterogeneous catalysts via CuAAC reaction. The synthesized compound 8 demonstrated better antibacterial activity with MIC: 0.0077 μmol mL−1 for each bacterial strain E. coli, S. epidermidis and B. subtilis as compared to reference drug Norfloxacin (MIC: 0.0098 μmol mL−1). Also, the antifungal activity of compound 8 with MIC: 0.0077 μmol mL−1 for fungal strain C. albicans was found superior among all synthesized compounds and even better than reference drug Fluconazole with MIC: 0.0102 μmol mL−1. The biological activity results were supported by molecular docking as well as DFT study.
2D Boron Imidazolate Framework Nanosheets with Electrocatalytic Applications for Oxygen Evolution and Carbon Dioxide Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wen Tian , Liu Min , Chen Shumei , Li Qiaohong , Du Yonghua , Zhou Tianhua , Ritchie Chris , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUltrathin 2D materials possess unique properties that translate to enhanced efficiency as electrocatalysts, stimulating research toward methodologies that support their preparation. Herein, a two‐step strategy is reported that involves the preparation of the new boron imidazolate framework (BIF‐73) which is subsequently utilized as a precursor to yield the crystalline 2D nanosheet material (Fe@BIF‐73‐NS) via post‐synthetic modification. This new electrocatalytic material stabilizes ultra‐small (Fe2O3) fragments resulting in an excellent electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER: lower overpotential with 291 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm−2) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (faradaic efficiency of CO reaching 88.6% at −1.8 V vs Ag/AgCl) without the need for noble metals. Additionally, theoretical calculations and microscopy reveal that the superior OER performance can be attributed to the increased exposure of binding sites within the material to which the catalytically active Fe3+ centers are bound through a post‐synthetic modification procedure. A red‐shift of the Fermi level around the valence band is observed and is proposed to be a result of the aforementioned interactions. This work opens an avenue toward the development of 2D functional metal organic framework nanosheets for energy conversion applications.
Microfluidic‐Based Approaches in Targeted Cell/Particle Separation Based on Physical Properties: Fundamentals and Applications
Authors: Nasiri Rohollah , Shamloo Amir , Ahadian Samad , Amirifar Leyla , Akbari Javad , Goudie Marcus J. , Lee KangJu , Ashammakhi Nureddin , Dokmeci Mehmet R. , Di Carlo Dino , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCell separation is a key step in many biomedical research areas including biotechnology, cancer research, regenerative medicine, and drug discovery. While conventional cell sorting approaches have led to high‐efficiency sorting by exploiting the cell's specific properties, microfluidics has shown great promise in cell separation by exploiting different physical principles and using different properties of the cells. In particular, label‐free cell separation techniques are highly recommended to minimize cell damage and avoid costly and labor‐intensive steps of labeling molecular signatures of cells. In general, microfluidic‐based cell sorting approaches can separate cells using “intrinsic” (e.g., fluid dynamic forces) versus “extrinsic” external forces (e.g., magnetic, electric field, etc.) and by using different properties of cells including size, density, deformability, shape, as well as electrical, magnetic, and compressibility/acoustic properties to select target cells from a heterogeneous cell population. In this work, principles and applications of the most commonly used label‐free microfluidic‐based cell separation methods are described. In particular, applications of microfluidic methods for the separation of circulating tumor cells, blood cells, immune cells, stem cells, and other biological cells are summarized. Computational approaches complementing such microfluidic methods are also explained. Finally, challenges and perspectives to further develop microfluidic‐based cell separation methods are discussed.
A Novel Biosensor Based on Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) Modified Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide Nanochannels for Ultrasensitive microRNA‐155 Detection
Authors: Jiao Songlong , Liu Lei , Wang Jianqiao , Ma Kejian , Lv Jun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractArtificial photoresponsive nanochannels have attracted widespread attention because of their capacity to achieve ion transport through light modulation. Herein, a biosensor for ultrasensitive miRNA‐155 detection is devised based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) modified porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) photoresponsive nanochannels by atomic layer deposition (ALD). According to the optimized experimental results, when the cycles of ALD, the wavelength, and the power of the excitation laser are 70 cycles, 450 nm, and 80 mW, respectively, the most supreme photocurrent performance of these photoresponsive nanochannels are obtained. AAO nanochannels modified with MoS2 can work as a photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor by generating photoexcitation current; what is more, the high channel density in AAO can magnify the ion current signal response effectively by aggrandizing the flux of electroactive species. By using AAO photoresponsive nanochannels with an average diameter of 150 nm as PEC biosensor, an ultrasensitive detection record ranging from 0.01 fM to 0.01 nM with a detection limit of 3 aM can be achieved. This work not only proposes a simple method for manufacturing semiconductor photoresponsive nanochannels, but also exhibits great potential in the ultrasensitive detection of biomolecules.
2D Intrinsic Ferromagnetic MnP Single Crystals
Authors: Sun Xian , Zhao Shasha , Bachmatiuk Alicja , Rümmeli Mark H. , Gorantla Sandeep , Zeng Mengqi , Fu Lei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract2D intrinsic ferromagnetic materials are highly anticipated in spintronic devices due to their coveted 2D limited magnetism. However, 2D non‐layered intrinsic ferromagnets have received sporadic attention, which is largely attributed to the fact that their synthesis is still a great challenge. Significantly, manganese phosphide (MnP) is a promising non‐layered intrinsic ferromagnet with excellent properties. Herein, high‐quality 2D MnP single crystals formed over liquid metal tin (Sn) is demonstrated through a facile chemical vapor deposition technique. The introduction of liquid metal Sn provides a fertile ground for the growth of 2D MnP single crystals. Interestingly, 2D MnP single crystals maintain their intrinsic ferromagnetism and exhibit a Curie temperature above room temperature. The research enriches the diversity of 2D intrinsic ferromagnetic materials, opening up opportunities for further exploration of their unique properties and rich applications.
Mechanically Reinforced Localized Structure Design to Stabilize Solid–Electrolyte Interface of the Composited Electrode of Si Nanoparticles and TiO2 Nanotubes
Authors: Ge Mingzheng , Tang Yuxin , Malyi Oleksandr I. , Zhang Yanyan , Zhu Zhiqiang , Lv Zhisheng , Ge Xiang , Xia Huarong , Huang Jianying , Lai Yuekun , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSilicon anode with extremely high theoretical specific capacity (≈4200 mAh g−1), experiences huge volume changes during Li‐ion insertion and extraction, causing mechanical fracture of Si particles and the growth of a solid–electrolyte interface (SEI), which results in a rapid capacity fading of Si electrodes. Herein, a mechanically reinforced localized structure is designed for carbon‐coated Si nanoparticles (C@Si) via elongated TiO2 nanotubes networks toward stabilizing Si electrode via alleviating mechanical strain and stabilizing the SEI layer. Benefited from the rational localized structure design, the carbon‐coated Si nanoparticles/TiO2 nanotubes composited electrode (C@Si/TiNT) exhibits an ideal electrode thickness swelling, which is lower than 1% after the first cycle and increases to about 6.6% even after 1600 cycles. While for traditional C@Si/carbon nanotube composited electrode, the initial swelling ratio is about 16.7% and reaches ≈190% after 1600 cycles. As a result, the C@Si/TiNT electrode exhibits an outstanding capacity of 1510 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 with high rate capability and long‐time cycling performance with 95% capacity retention after 1600 cycles. The rational design on mechanically reinforced localized structure for silicon electrode will provide a versatile platform to solve the current bottlenecks for other alloyed‐type electrode materials with large volume expansion toward practical applications.
Shortest Directed Networks in the Plane
Authors: Maxwell Alastair , Swanepoel Konrad J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGiven a set of sources and a set of sinks as points in the Euclidean plane, adirected networkis a directed graph drawn in the plane with a directed path from each source to each sink. Such a network may contain nodes other than the given sources and sinks, called Steiner points. We characterize the local structure of the Steiner points in all shortest-length directed networks in the Euclidean plane. This characterization implies that these networks are constructible by straightedge and compass. Our results build on unpublished work of Alfaro, Campbell, Sher, and Soto from 1989 and 1990. Part of the proof is based on a new method that uses other norms in the plane. This approach gives more conceptual proofs of some of their results, and as a consequence, we also obtain results on shortest directed networks for these norms.
Independent domains of daily mobility in patients with neurological gait disorders
Authors: Wuehr Max , Huppert A. , Schenkel F. , Decker J. , Jahn K. , Schniepp R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to establish a comprehensive and yet parsimonious model of daily mobility activity in patients with neurological gait disorders. Patients (N = 240) with early-stage neurological (peripheral vestibular, cerebellar, hypokinetic, vascular or functional) gait disorders and healthy controls (N = 35) were clinically assessed with standardized scores related to functional mobility, balance confidence, quality of life, cognitive function, and fall history. Subsequently, daily mobility was recorded for 14 days by means of a body-worn inertial sensor (ActivPAL®). Fourteen mobility measures derived from ActivPAL recordings were submitted to principle component analysis (PCA). Group differences within each factor obtained from PCA were analyzed and hierarchical regression analysis was performed to identify predictive characteristics from clinical assessment for each factor. PCA yielded five significant orthogonal factors (i.e., mobility domains) accounting for 92.3% of the total variance from inertial-sensor-recordings: ambulatory volume (38.7%), ambulatory pattern (22.3%), postural transitions (13.3%), sedentary volume (10.8%), and sedentary pattern (7.2%). Patients' mobility performance only exhibited reduced scores in the ambulatory volume domain but near-to-normal scores in all remaining domains. Demographic characteristics, clinical scores, and fall history were differentially associated with each domain explaining 19.2–10.2% of their total variance. This study supports a low-dimensional five-domain model for daily mobility behavior in patients with neurological gait disorders that may facilitate monitoring the course of disease or therapeutic intervention effects in ecologically valid and clinically relevant contexts. Further studies are required to explore the determinants that may explain performance differences of patients within each of these domains and to examine the consequences of altered mobility behavior with respect to patients' risk of falling and quality of life.
Validation of the Early Language Scale
Authors: Visser-Bochane Margot I. , van der Schans Cees P. , Krijnen Wim P. , Reijneveld Sijmen A. , Luinge Margreet R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the criterion validity of a new screening instrument, the Early Language Scale (ELS), for the identification of young children at risk for developmental language disorder (DLD), and to determine optimal age-adjusted cut-off scores. We recruited a community-based sample of 265 children aged 1 to 6 years of age. Parents of these children responded on the ELS, a 26-item “yes-no” questionnaire. The children were assessed with extended language tests (language comprehension, word production, sentence production, communication). A composite score out of these tests (two tests below – 1 SD or one below − 1.5 SD) was used as reference standard. We assessed the validity of the ELS, measured by sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and AUC. The optimal sensitivity/specificity age-dependent cut-off ELS score was at 15th percentile. Sensitivity and specificity were 0.62 and 0.93, respectively. Positive predictive value was moderate (0.53), negative predictive value was high (0.95), the positive likelihood ratio was 9.16, and negative likelihood ratio was 0.41. The area under the ROC curve was 0.88. The items covered the increasing language development for the ages from 1 to 6.Conclusion: The ELS is a valid instrument to identify children with DLD covering an age range of 1 to 6 years in community-based settings.What is Known:• Early identification and treatment of developmental language disorders can reduce negative effects on children’s emotional functioning, academic success, and social relationships.• Short, validated language screening instruments that cover the full age range of early childhood language development lack.What is New:• The 26-item Early Language Scale (ELS) is a valid instrument to identify children at risk for developmental language disorder in well-child care and early educational settings among Dutch children aged 1–6 years.
A multicenter retrospective evaluation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) therapy in Austria assessing the impact of early treatment response on patient outcomes in a real-life setting
Authors: Petzer Andreas L. , Sperr Wolfgang R. , Buxhofer-Ausch Veronika , Sliwa Thamer , Schmidt Stefan , Greil Richard , Wölfler Albert , Pichler Petra , Dormann Clemens , Burgstaller Sonja , Tinchon Christoph , Lang Alois , Goebel Florian , Uthman Shanow , Muenchmeier Niklas , Valent Peter 
Published: June 2020

Summary
Background
Several clinical trials in chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) showed that early response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment results in an improved long-term survival and progression-free survival. This study assessed whether patients achieving early treatment response (ETR; partial cytogenetic response or BCR-ABL1 mRNA ≤10% at 3 months) in daily practice also have a long-term survival benefit.

Methods
The Retrospective Evaluation of Early response in CML for long-term Treatment outcome (R-EFECT), a multicenter, retrospective chart review, documented patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP starting first-line TKI therapy in routine clinical practice. The primary aim was to assess the 5‑year overall survival rate.

Results
Of the 211 patients from 12 centers across Austria (January 2004–May 2010), 176 (median age, 56 years) were included in the analysis. All patients received first-line therapy with imatinib. Overall, 136 patients (77.3%) achieved ETR (ETR+ group), whereas 40 (22.7%) did not reach ETR (ETR− group). The ETR+ group had higher 5‑year overall survival (92.5% vs. 77.5%, P = 0.018) and progression-free survival (95.6% vs. 87.5%, P = 0.06) rates compared with the ETR− group. As expected, more patients in the ETR− group were switched to another TKI. At the last contact, 120 patients were still on imatinib and 44 had switched to another TKI (25 to nilotinib, 15 to dasatinib, and 4 to bosutinib).

Conclusion
The data are in line with randomized trials demonstrating that ETR is associated with improved survival and thus confirmed these results in patients treated in daily clinical routine.
Management of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections and of patients with chronic lung diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic (as of 9 May 2020)
Authors: Flick Holger , Arns Britt-Madelaine , Bolitschek Josef , Bucher Brigitte , Cima Katharina , Gingrich Elisabeth , Handzhiev Sabin , Hochmair Maximilian , Horak Fritz , Idzko Marco , Jaksch Peter , Kovacs Gabor , Kropfmüller Roland , Lamprecht Bernd , Löffler-Ragg Judith , Meilinger Michael , Olschewski Horst , Pfleger Andreas , Puchner Bernhard , Puelacher Christoph , Prior Christian , Rodriguez Patricia , Salzer Helmut , Schenk Peter , Schindler Otmar , Stelzmüller Ingrid , Strenger Volker , Täubl Helmut , Urban Matthias , Wagner Marlies , Wimberger Franz , Zacharasiewicz Angela , Zwick Ralf Harun , Eber Ernst 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is currently a challenge worldwide. In Austria, a crisis within the healthcare system has so far been prevented. The treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), including SARS-CoV‑2 infections, should continue to be based on evidence-based CAP guidelines during the pandemic; however, COVID-19 specific adjustments are useful. The treatment of patients with chronic lung diseases has to be adapted during the pandemic but must still be guaranteed.