bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction high frequency parameters based on neural network
Authors: Zhang Wenhe , Huang Guoce , Wang Guisheng , Wang Ye 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aiming at the shortcomings of the current high frequency communication frequency parameter prediction method, the frequency parameter prediction method based on Gated Recurrent Unit Recurrent Neural Networks (GRU RNN) is proposed. Through the analysis of the ionospheric parameter f0F2 data, the GRU can predict the f0F2 value by long-term memory of the historical data when processing the time series related data. Compared with other prediction methods, the error between the predicted value and the true value is only 2%. The research results show that the model to predict the f0F2 value in advance is feasible.
An Improved Data Rate Change Algorithm based on Adaptive Frame Length
Authors: Ye Wang , Jian Li , Guoce Huang , Wenhe Zhang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to solve the high bit error rate (BER) caused by rate oscillation in traditional Data Rate Change (DRC) algorithm, an improved DRC algorithm based on Adaptive Frame Length (AFL) was proposed. Firstly, the frame length and transmission rate of the initial transmission were determined by the parameters of the current channel and the information of previous empirical values. Then, if two frames with the same length were successively sent in the transmission process, the frame length would be accordingly increased. If the retransmission failed twice in a row, the frame length would be halved in the next transmission. Finally, the frame error rate was calculated based on the current frame length. The data rate would be updated If the value was less than the present threshold. Compared with RapidM DRC, the average bit error rate of the link decreased by 4.8 percentage points, and the link availability increased by 10 percentage points. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can eliminate the rate oscillation and improve the communication capability of the HF communication system.
Design of Autonomous Vibration Monitoring System
Authors: Rui Wu , Zhao Yang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The design of the vibration monitoring system is based on the hardware of vibration sensor and signal conditioning circuit, virtual instrument as a diagnosis and alarm platform, auxiliary data acquisition card and alarm equipment. When the outside intrudes into the detection range, the vibration signal is generated and collected. The alarm is realized through the linkage of security monitoring system, so the video surveillance and video recording of the detection area are completed. In addition, the system opens the illumination equipment in the detection range to compensate for the environment of the video and deter the illegal intruders. The system includes acquisition of weak vibration signal by vibration sensor,amplification and adjustment of vibration signal by CCTV. This system has high feasibility and wide coverage. It is worth popularizing in security system in the future.
Tailoring of electrical properties in nanostructured (NiO)0.25(Fe2O3)0.75 composite and compound for sensing applications
Authors: Farooq Omer , Anis-ur-Rehman M , ul Haq A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Compound and composite of the (NiO)0.25(Fe2O3)0.75 nanoparticles have been prepared by without water and surfactants (WOWS), Sol-gel method. Synthesized nanoparticles are calcined at 500 °C/2 h and pellets are sintered at 550 °C/1 h. The compound and composite showed cubic lattice and rhombohedral crystallographic lattices respectively. Morphological analysis is done by Scanning electron microscope and Transmission electron microscope. UV characterization was done to calculate band gap energies for both samples. DC electrical conductivity as a function temperature from 373.15 to 703.15 K was done by two-probe method. DC conductivity has been explained by hopping mechanism. Activation energies were calculated from Arrhenius plots. AC electrical properties namely; dielectric constant, dielectric loss tangent, ac conductivity and impedance were measured as a function of frequency (20 Hz–3 MHz). AC electrical properties were explained by Maxwell-Wegner model, Koop’s theory and Johnsher’s power law. Composite of (NiO)0.25(Fe2O3)0.75 showed enhanced properties as compared to compound.
Electronic and lattice structure of CaFe1−xCoxAsF probed by x-ray absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Huang Hui , Ji Ping , Xie Yu , Han Hui , Ge Binghui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The local lattice and electronic structures of CaFe1−xCoxAsF (x = 0, 0.15) are investigated by Fe K-edge and As K-edge x-ray-absorption near-edge structure and extended x-ray-absorption fine structure from 10 to 300 K. A redistribution of electron density of state between Fe(Co) and As atoms with decreasing temperature has been found in CaFe0.85Co0.15AsF, resulting in the increase of local density of state near the Fe site. It is found that the doping of Co introduces large static local lattice disorders of the As–Fe(Co) bonds. When we examine the local lattice structure around the Co dopants, we find the static local disorder is much more serious in the Co–As bonds comparing to that of As–Fe(Co) bonds. These facts suggest that strong electron-lattice interaction coexists with superconductivity in Fe-based superconductors.
The other side of the Sahulian coin: biogeography and evolution of Melanesian forest dragons (Agamidae)
Authors: Tallowin Oliver J S , Meiri Shai , Donnellan Stephen C , Richards Stephen J , Austin Christopher C , Oliver Paul M 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNew Guinea has been considered both as a refuge for mesic rainforest-associated lineages that contracted in response to the late Cenozoic aridification of Australia and as a centre of biotic diversification and radiation since the mid-Miocene or earlier. Here, we estimate the diversity and a phylogeny for the Australo-Papuan forest dragons (Sauria: Agamidae; ~20 species) in order to examine the following: (1) whether New Guinea and/or proto-Papuan Islands may have been a biogeographical refuge or a source for diversity in Australia; (2) whether mesic rainforest environments are ancestral to the entire radiation, as may be predicted by the New Guinea refuge hypothesis; and (3) more broadly, how agamid ecological diversity varies across the contrasting environments of Australia and New Guinea. Patterns of lineage distribution and diversity suggest that extinction in Australia, and colonization and radiation on proto-Papuan islands, have both shaped the extant diversity and distribution of forest dragons since the mid-Miocene. The ancestral biome for all Australo-Papuan agamids is ambiguous. Both rainforest and arid-adapted radiations probably started in the early Miocene. However, despite deep-lineage diversity in New Guinea rainforest habitats, overall species and ecological diversity is low when compared with more arid areas, with terrestrial taxa being strikingly absent.
ZPR1 prevents R-loop accumulation, upregulates SMN2 expression and rescues spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Kannan Annapoorna , Jiang Xiaoting , He Lan , Ahmad Saif , Gangwani Laxman 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by homozygous mutation or deletion of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. A second copy, SMN2, is similar to SMN1 but produces ∼10% SMN protein because of a single-point mutation that causes splicing defects. Chronic low levels of SMN cause accumulation of co-transcriptional R-loops and DNA damage leading to genomic instability and neurodegeneration in SMA. Severity of SMA disease correlates inversely with SMN levels. SMN2 is a promising target to produce higher levels of SMN by enhancing its expression. Mechanisms that regulate expression of SMN genes are largely unknown. We report that zinc finger protein ZPR1 binds to RNA polymerase II, interacts in vivo with SMN locus and upregulates SMN2 expression in SMA mice and patient cells. Modulation of ZPR1 levels directly correlates and influences SMN2 expression levels in SMA patient cells. ZPR1 overexpression in vivo results in a systemic increase of SMN levels and rescues severe to moderate disease in SMA mice. ZPR1-dependent rescue improves growth and motor function and increases the lifespan of male and female SMA mice. ZPR1 reduces neurodegeneration in SMA mice and prevents degeneration of cultured primary spinal cord neurons derived from SMA mice. Further, we show that the low levels of ZPR1 associated with SMA pathogenesis cause accumulation of co-transcriptional RNA-DNA hybrids (R-loops) and DNA damage leading to genomic instability in SMA mice and patient cells. Complementation with ZPR1 elevates senataxin levels, reduces R-loop accumulation and rescues DNA damage in SMA mice, motor neurons and patient cells. In conclusion, ZPR1 is critical for preventing accumulation of co-transcriptional R-loops and DNA damage to avert genomic instability and neurodegeneration in SMA. ZPR1 enhances SMN2 expression and leads to SMN-dependent rescue of SMA. ZPR1 represents a protective modifier and a therapeutic target for developing a new method for the treatment of SMA.
REToma: a cancer subtype with a shared driver oncogene
Authors: Kohno Takashi , Tabata Junya , Nakaoku Takashi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRET (REarranged during Transfection), which encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase for members of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, plays a role as driver oncogene in a variety of human cancers. Fusion of RET with several partner genes has been detected in papillary thyroid, lung, colorectal, pancreatic and breast cancers, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for RET (particularly RET-specific inhibitors) show promising therapeutic effects against such cancers. Oncogenic mutations within the extracellular cysteine-rich and intracellular kinase domains of RET drive medullary thyroid carcinogenesis; the same mutations are also observed in a small subset of diverse cancers such as lung, colorectal and breast cancers. Considering the oncogenic nature of RET mutants, lung, colorectal and breast cancers are predicted to respond to RET TKIs in a manner similar to medullary thyroid cancer. In summary, cancers carrying oncogenic RET alterations as a driver mutation could be collectively termed ‘REToma’ and treated with RET TKIs in a tissue-agnostic manner.
Regional epigenetic variation in asexual snail populations among urban and rural lakes
Authors: Thorson Jennifer L M , Smithson Mark , Sadler-Riggleman Ingrid , Beck Daniel , Dybdahl Mark , Skinner Michael K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Epigenetic variation has the potential to influence environmentally dependent development and contribute to phenotypic responses to local environments. Environmental epigenetic studies of sexual organisms confirm the capacity to respond through epigenetic variation. An epigenetic response could be even more important in a population when genetic variation is lacking. A previous study of an asexual snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, demonstrated that different populations derived from a single clonal lineage differed in both shell phenotype and methylation signature when comparing lake versus river populations. Here, we examine methylation variation among lakes that differ in environmental disturbance and pollution histories. Snails were collected from a more pristine rural Lake 1 (Lake Lytle), and two urban lakes, Lake 2 (Capitol Lake) and Lake 3 (Lake Washington) on the Northwest Pacific coast. DNA methylation was assessed for each sample population using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation, MeDIP, followed by next-generation sequencing. The differential DNA methylation regions (DMRs) identified among the different lake comparisons suggested a higher number of DMRs and variation between rural Lake 1 and one urban Lake 2, and between the two urban Lakes 2 and 3, but limited variation between the rural Lake 1 and urban Lake 3. DMR genomic characteristics and gene associations were investigated. The presence of site-specific differences between each of these lake populations suggest an epigenetic response to varied environmental factors. The results do not support an effect of geographic distance in these populations. The role of dispersal distance among lakes, population history, environmental pollution and stably inherited methylation versus environmentally triggered methylation in producing the observed epigenetic variation are discussed. Observations support the proposal that epigenetic alterations may associate with phenotypic variation and environmental factors and history of the different lakes.
Impact of post-orthodontic dental occlusion on masticatory performance and chewing efficiency
Authors: Shim Jocelyne , Ho Ka Chun Jeremy , Shim Brian C , Metaxas Angelos , Somogyi-Ganss Eszter , Di Sipio Riccardo , Cioffi Iacopo 
Published: November 2019

SummaryBackgroundWhether precise orthodontic detailing of occlusion impacts masticatory function is unknown. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of post-orthodontic dental occlusion on masticatory performance and chewing efficiency.Materials and methodsFifty-four adults who completed orthodontic treatment were categorized into two groups using the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) model grading system: one meeting ABO standards (ABO, N = 29), the other failing to meet them (non-ABO, N = 25). The electromyographic (EMG) signals of the anterior temporalis (AT) and superficial masseter muscles were recorded bilaterally during static (clenching) and dynamic (gum chewing) tests. Chewing efficiency was measured by calculating the median particle size (MPS) and broadness of particle distribution (BPD) after five chewing trials of experimental silicone food at a standardized chewing rate.ResultsParticipants of the ABO group had a slightly more symmetric activation of the AT muscles during clenching (P = 0.016) and chewed a gum at a slower rate (P = 0.030). During the standardized chewing test with silicone food, ABO subjects had slightly greater EMG potentials at all muscle locations than non-ABO individuals (all P &lt; 0.05). MPS and BDP did not differ significantly between groups (all P &gt; 0.05).LimitationsThe severity of the initial malocclusion of the study participants was not in the statistical model as a potential confounder on the outcome measures.ConclusionsMeeting ABO standards contributes to a slightly more balanced activation of the temporalis muscles during clenching and more efficient muscle recruitment during chewing but does not improve chewing efficiency.
IRAK1 and IRAK4 signaling proteins are dispensable in the response of human neutrophils to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Authors: Kielbik Michal , Szulc-Kielbik Izabela , Klink Magdalena 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The involvement of neutrophils in the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection is not as well recognized as the involvement of macrophages and dendritic cells. Thus, this study gives more insight on the impact of the virulent Mtb H37Rv strain on proapoptotic and proinflammatory functions of human neutrophils in vitro. We found that neutrophils are not able to kill Mtb during the infection process, probably due to the lack of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production in response to bacteria. However, infected neutrophils effectively released cytokines, chemoattractant interleukin (IL) 8 and proinflammatory IL-1β. Moreover, Mtb enhanced the early apoptosis of neutrophils at 2 h postinfection. Additionally, this proapoptotic and proinflammatory response of neutrophils to Mtb infection occurred in an IRAK1- and IRAK4-independent manner. We also found that Mtb did not affect the surface expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and slightly enhanced the surface expression of TLR4, but did not influence mRNA levels of both TLRs during the infection process. In conclusion, we show that the inhibition of signaling proteins activated by MyD88-dependent pathway did not participate in the biological activity of neutrophils against Mtb.
Life in Limbo: Old-Age Transnationalism
Authors: Ciobanu Ruxandra Oana , Ludwig-Dehm Sarah M 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTransnationalism, defined as migrants having ties to the country of origin and the destination country, is mostly explored with qualitative data. Quantitative studies only use a small number of indicators. This is one of only a few studies to examine transnationalism based on multiple indicators and elaborate classes of transnationalism. The research questions are: What are the forms of transnationalism in which older migrants engage? And how do age, gender, income, and country of origin affect these forms?Research Design and MethodsThe paper used the Vivre/Leben/Vivere (2011/2012) subsample of migrants in Switzerland, aged 65–82 years. Transnationalism was measured using 11 indicators, including nationality, having family abroad, and sending remittances. Latent class analysis was used to distinguish between several forms of transnationalism. Latent class regression models subsequently explore the effect of age, gender, income and country of origin on these transnationalism forms.ResultsFour different forms of transnationalism were found among older migrants: least transnational, distant transnational, active transnational, and returning transnational. The models suggest that country of origin and income are important predictors, while age is less important and gender has no effect on falling in these transnationalism classes.Discussion and ImplicationsThe results confirm that our measure of transnationalism is an innovative approach toward exploring the different forms older migrants engage in. The method has several advantages over usual methods and can be used in future studies to analyze, for example, how different forms of transnationalism emerge as a consequence of policies relevant for older migrants, like care arrangements and pensions.
Expression profiling in exercised mdx suggests a role for extracellular proteins in the dystrophic muscle immune response
Authors: Coles Chantal A , Gordon Lavinia , Hunt Liam C , Webster Tracie , Piers Adam T , Kintakas Christopher , Woodman Keryn , Touslon Su L , Smythe Gayle M , White Jason D , Lamandé Shireen R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal muscle wasting disorder caused by mutations in the DMD gene that lead to the absence or severe reduction of dystrophin protein in muscle. The mdx mouse, also dystrophin deficient, is the model most widely used to study the pathology and test potential therapies, but the phenotype is milder than human DMD. This limits the magnitude and range of histological damage parameters and molecular changes that can be measured in pre-clinical drug testing. We used three weeks of voluntary wheel running to exacerbate the mdx phenotype. In mdx mice voluntary exercise increased the amount of damaged necrotic tissue and macrophage infiltration. Global gene expression profiling revealed that exercise induced additional and larger gene expression changes in mdx mice and the pathways most impacted by exercise were all related to immune function or cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. When we compared the matrisome and inflammation genes that were dysregulated in mdx with those commonly differentially expressed in DMD, we found the exercised mdx molecular signature more closely resembled that of DMD. These gene expression changes in the exercised mdx model thus provide more scope to assess the effects of pre-clinical treatments. Our gene profiling comparisons also highlighted upregulation of extracellular matrix proteins involved in innate immunity pathways, proteases that can release them, and downstream receptors and signalling molecules in exercised mdx and DMD, suggesting that the ECM could be a major source of pro-inflammatory molecules that trigger and maintain the immune response in dystrophic muscle.
Dynamic effects of Fto in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of adult neural stem cells of mice
Authors: Cao Yuhang , Zhuang Yingliang , Chen Junchen , Xu Weize , Shou Yikai , Huang Xiaoli , Shu Qiang , Li Xuekun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
N 6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of RNA is deposited by the methyltransferase complex consisting of Mettl3 and Mettl14 and erased by demethylase Fto and Alkbh5 and is involved in diverse biological processes. However, it remains largely unknown the specific function and mechanism of Fto in regulating adult neural stem cells (aNSCs). In the present study, utilizing a conditional knockout (cKO) mouse model, we show that the specific ablation of Fto in aNSCs transiently increases the proliferation of aNSCs and promotes neuronal differentiation both in vitro and in vivo, but in a long term, the specific ablation of Fto inhibits adult neurogenesis and neuronal development. Mechanistically, Fto deficiency results in a significant increase in m6A modification in Pdgfra and Socs5. The increased expression of Pdgfra and decreased expression of Socs5 synergistically promote the phosphorylation of Stat3. The modulation of Pdgfra and Socs5 can rescue the neurogenic deficits induced by Fto depletion. Our results together reveal an important function of Fto in regulating aNSCs through modulating Pdgfra/Socs5-Stat3 pathway.
Foolishness without consequence? From physical to virtual modeling in the history of military aircraft development at Saab
Authors: Bengtsson Marie , Enberg Cecilia , Tell Fredrik 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFrom Jim March we learned that organizational intelligence demands adaptation to the needs of a distant future as well as the efficient use of resources in the present. Commitment to new ideas that deviate from norm is necessary for long-term adaptation, but comes with great uncertainty as to if when or how success will come. This article uses a historical study of military aircraft manufacturer Saab to explore the transition from experimenting with physical models and dangerous test flights in the development of rather simple aircraft systems, to the development of complex integrated aircraft systems using virtual models that can be tested in a simulated world, thereby postponing choice and the need for commitment of resources in the physical world. We show how modeling techniques and tools were developed over five generations of aircraft to help developers represent and evaluate alternative ideas, in an increasingly realistic virtual reality, thereby reducing material and fatal consequences in aircraft development. We distinguish hybrid forms of evaluation and a transition that seems to be moving in the direction of “virtual online evaluation,” where empirically informed simulation models, based on real flight data reduces the fidelity gap between reality and representation. Drawing upon a selection of Jim March’s writings, we speculate what this transition implies for learning from experience and the possibility of foolishness without consequence.