bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of health professionnals in a French social marketing campaign against smoking
Authors: Quatremère G , Guignard R , Andler R , Pasquereau A , Nguyen Thanh V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
In 2016, Santé publique France, the French national public health agency, launched a social marketing campaign aiming at triggering quit attempts among smokers: “MoisSansTabac”, inspired by the British “Stoptober”. Every year, smokers are encouraged to quit smoking for 30 days in November, health professionals are encouraged to participate in the campaign to support them. In 2018, pharmacists received a poster (“Here, we help smokers stop smoking”) and self-help kits to distribute to smokers. Measuring the perceptions of health professionals is crucial to have a complete overview of the impact of the campaign and to identify ways of improvement.

Methods
A qualitative evaluation of the 2018 edition has been performed to collect the perceptions of general practitioners (GPs) and pharmacists about the intervention and services provided through the campaign (quitline, website, mobile app, self-help kit). In December 2018, semi-directed interviews were conducted with 24 GPs and 24 pharmacists. A diversity of profiles was ensured (professional settings, geographic area, age, gender, smoking status). A content analysis was performed.

Results
While health professionals had generally poor awareness of the intervention, their opinions were divided depending on their professions. GPs did not feel sufficiently associated nor did they understand how they could specifically participate during this one-month event while they support smokers all year long. Pharmacists were pleased to be involved: they felt recognized in their role as health counselors although their participation remained low. Help cessation services were positively perceived. Some health professionals expected to have a more clearly defined role and to get evidence on the effectiveness of the intervention.

Conclusions
To improve the acceptability and effectiveness of “MoisSansTabac”, there is a need to rethink the place of health professionals and how to communicate with them about the campaign.

Key messages
’Mois Sans Tabac’ is a social marketing intervention which is considered acceptable by general practitioners and pharmacists but improvements are necessary. Health professionals could get more involved in the campaign if their role was better defined.
Self-Reported Muscle Strength As A Strategy For The Prevention Of Non-Communicable Diseases
Authors: Rincon F , Peña J , Yanez C , Castillo C , Téllez A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Muscle strength is considered as a health indicator and an independent predictor of future disease. For this reason, the evaluation of this component in the young population is recognised as a fundamental strategy for the prevention of non-communicable diseases. Field tests are the techniques most commonly used to evaluate muscle strength. However, an alternative method that could be applied in epidemiological studies is self-report questionnaires. The aim of this research was to evaluate the ability of a self-report questionnaire to correctly rank the levels of muscle strength in college students.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was developed in 135 students from the Areandina University in Bogota, Colombia. For the evaluation of muscle strength, two tests were applied. The first was the application of the handgrip protocol using an adjustable handle Digital Grip Strength Dynamometer. The second was the application of protocols to a maximum repetition in 6 different exercises. For the assessment of self-perceived strength, the third question of the International Scale Fitness Questionnaire (IFIS) was applied. The IFIS response options are presented on a Likert scale with five possible answers: “very poor”, “poor”, “average”, “good” or “very good”. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to evaluate the ability of the IFIS questionnaire to rank muscle strength levels correctly.

Results
Overall, 70.3% of the participants were men, and 29.7% were women. The results of the field tests and the self-perception of muscle strength were significantly higher in the male group than in the female group (P &lt; 0.001). Students who reported having good or very good muscle strength in the questionnaire had a better result in the field tests compared to those who reported average, poor or very poor muscle strength levels (P &lt; 0.005).

Conclusions
The IFIS questionnaire was able to rank real muscle strength in university students correctly.

Key messages
The IFIS questionnaire is a valid alternative to detect students with a potential risk of chronic non-communicable diseases. The epidemiology surveillance systems in Colombia should include the application of self-report questionnaires that evaluate potential risk factors.
Lifestyle, environmental exposures and male fertility in healthy young men in North Italy
Authors: Zani C , Zani D , Donato F , Marullo M , Viola G C V , Lorenzetti S , Montano L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Human semen quality is affected by metabolic, lifestyle and environmental factors. We planned a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of lifestyle changes on semen quality in healthy young men living in Italian highly polluted areas. We present here some preliminary baseline data on the association between lifestyle and semen quality.

Methods
150 non-smokers, non-alcohol drinkers and non-obese young healthy men, aged 18-22 years, have been assigned to an intervention or control group according to a 1:1 randomization plan. The intervention group follows a 4-month nutritional pathway based on a Mediterranean dietary pattern and receives suggestions on practice of physical activity. All subjects undergo urologic examination, measurement of weight, height and abdominal circumference, an interview on lifestyle variables, and provide blood and semen samples in fasting conditions, at the enrollment and at the end of the intervention and follow-up (after 8 months). Adherence to Mediterranean diet is assessed using the “PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea” (PREDIMED) tool, and physical activity using the “International Physical Activity Questionnaire” (IPAQ). Automated sperm analysis for all semen parameters is performed on the SQA-V GOLD.

Results
The data of 101 subjects living in a highly industrialized area in North Italy (mean±SD: age: 20.3±1.2 years, BMI: 22.3±2.2) were analyzed. The sperm cell concentration was higher in subjects with IPAQ score &gt; median than those with lower values (68.3±48.6 vs 63.7±47.0 106/mL). Total percent motility was higher in subjects with abdominal circumference &lt; median (50.7±13.6 vs 41.2±18.8, p = 0.004), in subjects with IPAQ score &gt; median (48.2±16.8 vs 44.2±16.8), and in subjects with PREDIMED score &gt; 7 (47.6±18.8 vs 45.0±15.0).

Conclusions
These preliminary data suggest that semen quality is associated with abdominal fat and physical activity in healthy young men.

Key messages
The semen quality is a sensitive marker of the health status and is predictive of disease occurrence. Our study suggests that semen quality is associated with lifestyle aspects in healthy young men.
The relationship between participation to social activities, life satisfaction, isolation on aged
Authors: Erdem O , Erol S , Aydoğan A , Subaşı B , Kılıç L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the participation of people living in the nursing homes to social activities and their life satisfaction, social isolation and loneliness.

Methods
The study was performed between January 2017 and April 2018 in three nursing homes using the cross-sectional research design. The study population consisted of 310 elderly people in total, 118 women, 192 men, who were over 65 years of age and had no mental and communication problems. Ninety percent of the population was reached. The data were collected by using a questionnaire, Standardized Mini Mental Test, Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Social Isolation Scale (SIS) and Loneliness Scale for Elderly People (LSEP). Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were used in data analysis.

Results
The mean age of the elderly subjects was 74.10 ± 7.57 years, and 61.9% were male and 38.1% were female. Elderly subjects’ SWLS and LSEP scores were below the median, and their SIS score was above the median value. Elderly people without disabilities, who can meet their own needs, do not feel alone, stay in the healthcare facility of their own accord, are satisfied with the services healthcare facility and with life, do sports, go to cinema and theater in their free time and go out more often had high SWLS median values and low SIS and LSEP values (p &lt; 0,05). Examining scale correlations, a moderate and negative correlation between SWLS and SIS (r= -,59; p=,000) a highly significant and negative correlation between SWLS and LSEP (r= -,70; p=,000) and a positive, statistically moderately significant correlation between SIS and LSEP (r=, 65; p=, 00) were found.

Conclusions
Life satisfaction increases and social isolation and loneliness decreases when elderly people living in nursing homes participate in social activities.

Key messages
Loneliness of elderly individuals can be reduced by increasing participation in social activities. Social isolation of elderly individuals can be reduced by increasing participation in social activities.
Factors promoting health empowerment of young people: a qualitative pre-interventional study
Authors: Corneloup M , Millot I , Ponthier N , Peteuil A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Angata, an intervention research project led by the regional instance of health education and promotion (Ireps) of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, aims to strengthening the autonomy and decision-making ability of vulnerable youth regarding their health. It is implemented in several facilities. The goal is to improve well-being and quality of life of young people benefiting from socio-educational measures by working with them and the professionals in their living environments. The objective of the study presented was to analyze the factors promoting health empowerment of young people, prior to this intervention, in the Employment Integration Facility (Epide) of Belfort.

Methods
Interviews were conducted with 8 young people and 13 professionals to explore their representations regarding well-being, nutritional health (eating habits, nutrition, physical activity), self-esteem and physical appearance. The determinants of health, lifestyles and organization in the living environment as well as the biographical pathways of young people were also collected.

Results
The Epide, structured on a military model, welcomes young people out-of-school, without qualifications and with complex life courses. The Epide can be seen as a functional community whose whole effort is dedicated to the goal of young volunteers leaving for a job or professional training. The support provided by educators (professional social or former military) is focused on building skills and restoration of self-esteem. Critical consciousness develops over time spent within the structure. The factors promoting empowerment within this strict framework are numerous, but young people’s participation in the decisions taken within the structure remains at the solicitation stage.

Conclusions
The framework provided at the Epide allows an environment conducive to the process of individual empowerment. These leverage can be mobilized to reinforce health empowerment of youth during the Angata project.

Key messages
An empowering educational environment, even strict, can foster the health empowerment of young people subject to vulnerabilities. The allowed level of participation remains an important factor to consider in order to fully promote health empowerment of young people.
The profile of people living in extreme poverty in the region of Crete
Authors: Papadakaki M , Stamouli M A , Diamanti S , Lioliou S , Maragkaki P , Pachiadaki M , Stavropoulou S , Kasotaki K , Tzamalouka G , Chliaoutakis J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The financial crisis of the last decade has increased the number of people living in extreme poverty in Greece. Until today, there is no research evidence on the bio-psycho-social needs of the population. The current study, among other, aimed at investigating the living and working conditions, the health and mental health status of these people and produced recommendations for health care policy and planning.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Crete Region with adult beneficiaries of material support benefits (according to income-related criteria). The study was part of the program FAED, which was co-funded by the EU and offered material support (e.g. food, material for personal hygiene, etc. to more than 17.000 beneficiaries in Crete region within 2016-2017. A structured questionnaire extracted information on various aspects including, working, housing and living conditions, health and mental health status.

Results
798 individuals (46.5% male; 43.3 years) consented to participate and completed the questionnaire. Mean time of unemployment was 4.2 years. 26.8% was accommodated by relatives, 23.5% rented a house and 18% lacked heating. Nearly half of the participants reported a chronic disease (47.0%), 24.1% reported disability certified by health authorities. 4.9% had severe alcohol-related problems, 50.6% had mild to severe depression symptoms and 40.3% mild to severe symptoms of anxiety disorder. 12.0% totally lacked a support network for daily practical and emotional issues.

Conclusions
Personal psychosocial needs seem to have been neglected because of complex family needs. Socioeconomic deprivation seems to have exacerbated chronic disease management due to neglect of health care needs. A huge burden of mental diseases is evident necessitating community mental health care.

Key messages
Mapping of bio-psychosocial needs is important for social policy and health care planning. Integrated care is necessary to meet the complex needs of people living in extreme poverty.
Improving Health Literacy in Austrian Companies: Results from a Systematic Company Recruitment
Authors: Hofer-Fischanger K , Movia M , Tuttner S , Fuchs-Neuhold B , Müller A , Amort F , Grasser G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Issue
The HL-Survey-EU-2011 showed limited health literacy (HL) among the Austrian population (51,6%), especially in the federal state of Styria (63,1%). The project “Auf Gesundheitskurs - gesundheitskompetent in Feldbach” focuses on individual and organizational HL by training and educating production and service company workforce in a rural region in Austria.

Description
The population in the target region is especially disadvantaged regarding HL due to the parameters of age, gender, education, income and ethnicity. There are several small and medium-sized businesses within this area. This project (2018-2020) aims to improve knowledge, competences and skills of multipliers from different companies concerning organizational and individual HL, based on an in-person training programme. However, in order to recruit participants for this research project, a systematic recruitment approach was used.

Results
A total of 783 companies, listed in the community database, were contacted via email in order to inform about the project and to invite for an interview. After the initial email, 40 companies were selected, based on four characteristics: industry sector, company size, distance to town centre, relevance to HL, and contacted via phone as well. However, 7 companies out of 783 confirmed the first interview and 6 out of 7 signed the project cooperation. 18 out of 40 phone contacts led to personal meetings, 9 resulted in signing the cooperation. In total, 15 companies have decided to participate in the project.

Lessons
Overall, telephone contact led to much higher response rates than email alone. The parameters which effected positive outcomes during the interaction by phone and in-person were demonstrating benefits (healthy workplace, motivated staff, positive atmosphere, new customers), explaining the practical value, clarifying costs, expenditures and time effort. Although the topic of workplace health promotion is popular in this rural region, the focus on HL is new.

Key messages
Key factors in company recruitment for HL initiatives in rural regions are telephone and personal contact. Pointing out specific benefits for companies within the recruiting process seems also crucial.
Eating disorders among university students: a public health challenge. An European study
Authors: Ladner J , Lukács A , Brumboiu I , Ciobanu E , Croitoru C , Sasvári P , Tavolacci M P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Eating disorders (ED) and behavioural risk factors among students in higher education remain to be investigated. The aim of the study was to identify the prevalence of ED and the behavioural factors associated with ED in university students in four European universities: Chisinau (Ch) in Republic of Moldava, Cluj-Napoca (CN) in Romania, Miskolc (Ms) in Hungary and Rouen (R) in France.

Methods
In the four countries, students in higher education completed an anonymous standardized self-questionnaire, from 2016 to 2018. The questionnaire collected age, gender (M, W), housing, curricula, smoking, cannabis consumption, alcohol abuse problems (ADOSPA test), and perceived stress (Cohen score). The Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food (SCOFF scale) screening test was used to identify student with ED.

Results
A total of 3076 students were included, 705 in Ch, 582 in CL, 534 in Ms and 1255 in R. The sex-ratio was M:F=0.31 Ch, 0.30 in CN, 0.44 in Ms and 0.66 in R. The mean age was 21.2 (SD = 3.98) in Ch, 21.2 (SD = 3.2) in CL, 23.8 (SD = 5.1) in Ms and 20.0 (SD = 3.4) in R. The global prevalence of ED was 23.8%. According to the gender, the prevalence of ED in the four universities was 14.7% in M and 38.3% in W in Ch, 21.8% in M and 24.7% in W in CN, 19.7% in M and 21.4% in W in Ms and 16.1% in M and 34.0% in W in R (p &lt; 10-4). After logistic regression, significant positive relation between the positive SCOFF was observed with female gender, alcohol abuse problems and stress level.

Conclusions
ED prevalence patterns were quite similar in the four countries, with high prevalence of ED, even in men. Associated behavioural risk-factors were quite similar. It might be necessary in the future to screen students for potential ED upon entry to the university and also to inform student about the risk of ED and advise them to consult a healthcare professional.

Key messages
Our study highlights the high prevalence of eating disorders, with similar behaviours in university students in four countries. Because of the detrimental effects of ED on physical and emotional health, it seems mandatory to set up public health programs (health promotion, prevention).
Age, period, and cohort effects on infectious disease mortality in Korea, 1983-2017
Authors: Kim H-S , Eun S J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide, and constitute a significant burden of disease, even in developed countries including Korea. Although different ages, periods, and cohorts may affect mortality, few studies analyzed the epidemiologic pattern of infectious disease mortality considering these effects. This study aimed to estimate the age-period-cohort effects on infectious disease mortality in Korea.

Methods
The national death certificate and census mid-year population estimates data from 1983 to 2017 were categorized into 5-year age groups and 5-year periods. Infant deaths were excluded due to incomplete data. Intrinsic estimator regression models were fitted to estimate age-period-cohort effects on infectious disease mortality.

Results
A J-shaped age effect declined from age 1-4 years (intrinsic estimator coefficient [IEC] 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52, 0.85), the lowest at age 20-24 years (IEC -1.68; 95% CI -1.85, -1.51), and then increased with age. The declining trend of period effects was slowed down in 1998-2002 (after the 1997-1998 Asian economic crisis), and turned to an upward trend from 2008-2012 (after the 2008-2009 global financial crisis). The cohort effect increased from the earliest cohort born before 1905 (IEC -1.17, 95% CI -1.35, -0.98), peaked in the 1941-1945 cohort (IEC 1.20, 95% CI 1.10, 1.29), then plateaued out (IEC ranged from 0.93 to 1.10), and has continued to decline since the 1966-1970 cohort in which rapid economic growth began.

Conclusions
There were clear age, period, and cohort effects on infectious disease mortality in Korea. Through the period and cohort effects, the economic downturn and upturn might have increased or reduced infectious disease mortality, respectively. Recent upward trend in infectious disease mortality after the 2008-2009 financial crisis suggests a need to strengthen prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Key messages
It is important to consider age-period-cohort effects in identifying the epidemiologic pattern of infectious disease mortality trend and finding its underlying drivers. Economic cycle might have influenced infectious disease mortality through period and cohort effects.
Effect of rotavirus vaccination offer to children observed in Italy between 2010-2018
Authors: Antinolfi F , Brunelli L , Gallo T , Valent F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Rotavirus (RV) is the most common cause of gastroenteritis (GE) among children under 5 years. Since 2012 Friuli Venezia Giulia (FVG) Region (Italy) has offered free RV vaccination to low birthweight preterm and other at-risk babies. Starting from 2018, the offer has been extended to all newborns. Aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of RV vaccination offer on coverage and GE-related hospital admissions among FVG children under 1 year between 2010-2018.

Methods
With a retrospective analysis we identified FVG Region children &lt;1y with at least one dose of RV vaccine and children &lt;1y admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of Non-Specific GE (NSGE; ICD9-CM codes 001-009) and RVGE (008.61) from 2010 to 2018. Vaccination coverage and hospitalization risk in each annual child cohort were calculated. Hospitalization and vaccination data were also linked using a univocal anonymous stochastic key.

Results
Of 77,330 children (51% males) born in FVG during 2010-2018, 8209 (11%) were vaccinated for RV. Coverage progressively increased from 0.2% in 2010 (22/9736) to 23% in 2017 (1782/7747) and then almost tripled in 2018 reaching 67% (5006/7425). During the 9 years observed, 414 children were hospitalized for NSGE (0.5%) and 172 for RVGE (0.2%). NSGE hospitalizations started from 48 (0.5%) in 2010 and reached 58 (0.8%) in 2018. Admissions for RVGE were 27 (0.3%) in 2010 and decreased to 15 (0.2%) in 2018. Annual hospitalization rate fluctuated with no clear pattern. In the observation period, 11 RV vaccinated children were admitted to hospital for NSGE (2.6% of total NSGE admissions), 1 of them specifically with RVGE.

Conclusions
The offer of RV vaccination to newborns results to be effective to gain vaccine coverage among children under 5 years. The impact of this offer on GE-related hospital admission and RVGE in particular cannot be properly evaluated yet, as not enough time has passed since the implementation of free offer to all newborns.

Key messages
Defining and implementing an appropriate vaccination offer is essential to ensure adequate levels of coverage against Rotavirus among children under 5 years. The evaluation of the effect of Rotavirus vaccination on hospital admissions for NSGE and RVGE needs a careful and continuous assessment in next years.