bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blast load analysis of overpass columns with various cross-sections
Authors: Lukić S , Draganić H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The column is one of the most important elements of the bridge because its destruction can cause a collapse of the entire bridge. The aim of the research is to analyse the blast behaviour of the overpass columns on Croatian roads and highways. Based on the archive documents of design plans the most common cross-sectional shapes of the reinforced concrete column were selected. The literature provides formulas for calculation of blast pressure that depends on the distance of the explosive from the target and the amount of explosive. However, the cross-sectional shape of the column plays a significant role in retaining the pressure and impulse on the column and its distribution by column height and width. This cannot be predicted by theoretical expressions, and therefore a numerical simulation that takes into account the column geometry is required. The columns were modelled in the Ansys Autodyn hydrocode software for a supposed scenario in which an auto bomb was placed below the bridge at a distance of 2 m from the column. Based on the numerical simulations it was concluded that the circular column had the lowest pressure on the surface directly exposed to the blast load. This is due to its roundness and the angles at which the pressure was reflected. In contrast, the back surface of the circular column has the highest pressure of all the analysed columns. Generally, rectangular cross-sections have a higher pressure on the directly loaded surface. For more detailed analysis and experimental testing, a rectangular column (P6) with recesses was selected due to its high pressures on both, the front and back surfaces. Selected overpass i.e. its column was designed using the old seismic regulations and as a part of further research, its blast behaviour will be compared to the column designed using modern seismic regulations.
The Effect of the changing cover thickness on the stability of cellars
Authors: Zenah J , Görög P 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe stability of natural and man-made cavities is a very important topic nowadays especially if it is located under new construction areas. There are a lot of residential areas in Budapest and other cities of Europe such as Rome, Paris, and Cracow with stability problems because of cavities. For stability calculations, the geometry of the cavity, strength properties of the rock mass and joints are needed as input parameters, which can be obtained by field and laboratory tests. The FEM software is effective for stability calculations and with them; it is not so difficult to perform parametric analysis. This paper is focusing on the effect of the thickness of the cellar cover on their stability. The investigation site is in Budapest, Hungary, where there are several cellars cut into porous limestone. These cellars are more than 100 years old and nowadays cause difficulties for the building improvements. The geometrical parameters of the cellars and strength properties were measured. The cover of the studied cellar is around 6.0 m, but other cellars in the area have various cover thicknesses from 2.0 to 9.0 m. Therefore, the paper studied the effect of the cover on the stability to find the relation between the depth and the cellar stability. The modelling has been done by Rocscience software (RS2), using a real cross-section that crosses six branches of the cellar system.
The grapes of dispute resolution: arbitration and wine
Authors: Menjucq Michel , Gouiffès Laurent 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article explores the interplay between arbitration and wine law and the possibility of having increased recourse to arbitration in wine-related disputes. Since Antiquity, wine production and commercialization have been subject to specific regulations, which have progressively given rise to modern wine law. Wine law is primarily focused on the protection of the geographical origin and branding of wine as well as consumer protection, fields typically inadequate for arbitration. However, wine law also covers wine commercialization and related operations such as vineyard sales, which offer many opportunities for arbitration in the wake of the internationalization of wine production and trade. This is particularly true since the wine sector is characterized by both very specific trade usages and a high degree of technicality, which require adjudicators of wine-related disputes to have a high degree of sectorial expertise. Arbitration therefore appears to be a particularly well-suited means of dispute adjudication for wine-related litigation, as illustrated by the authors’ experience.
Lightweight Public Key Encryption With Equality Test Supporting Partial Authorization in Cloud Storage
Authors: Lin Hao , Zhao Zhen , Gao Fei , Susilo Willy , Wen Qiaoyan , Guo Fuchun , Shi Yijie 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Public key encryption with equality test (PKEET) can check whether two ciphertexts are encrypted from the same message or not without decryption. This attribute enables PKEET to be increasingly utilized in cloud storage, where users store their encrypted data on the cloud. In traditional PKEET, the tester is authorized by the data receiver to perform equality test on its ciphertexts. However, the tester can only test one ciphertext or all ciphertexts of one receiver with one authorization. It means that the receiver cannot adaptively authorize the test right of any number of ciphertexts to the tester. A trivial solution is authorizing one ciphertext each time and repeating multiple times. The corresponding size of trapdoor in this method is linear with the number of authorized ciphertexts. This will incur storage burden for the tester. To solve the aforementioned problem, we propose the concept of PKEET supporting partial authentication (PKEET-PA). We then instantiate the concept to a lightweight PKEET-PA, which achieves constant-size trapdoor. Besides, we prove the security of our PKEET-PA scheme against two types of adversaries. Compared with other PKEET schemes that can be used in trivial solution, our PKEET-PA is more efficient in receivers’ computation and has lower trapdoor size.
Size-adjusted aortic valve area: refining the definition of severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Vulesevic Branka , Kubota Naozumi , Burwash Ian G , Cimadevilla Claire , Tubiana Sarah , Duval Xavier , Nguyen Virginia , Arangalage Dimitri , Chan Kwan L , Mulvihill Erin E , Beauchesne Luc , Messika-Zeitoun David 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Aims
Severe aortic valve stenosis (AS) is defined by an aortic valve area (AVA) &lt;1 cm2 or an AVA indexed to body surface area (BSA) &lt;0.6 cm/m2, despite little evidence supporting the latter approach and important intrinsic limitations of BSA indexation. We hypothesized that AVA indexed to height (H) might be more applicable to a wide range of populations and body morphologies and might provide a better predictive accuracy.

Methods and results
In 1298 patients with degenerative AS and preserved ejection fraction from three different countries and continents (derivation cohort), we aimed to establish an AVA/H threshold that would be equivalent to 1.0 cm2 for defining severe AS. In a distinct prospective validation cohort of 395 patients, we compared the predictive accuracy of AVA/BSA and AVA/H. Correlations between AVA and AVA/BSA or AVA/H were excellent (all R2 &gt; 0.79) but greater with AVA/H. Regressions lines were markedly different in obese and non-obese patients with AVA/BSA (P &lt; 0.0001) but almost identical with AVA/H (P = 0.16). AVA/BSA values that corresponded to an AVA of 1.0 cm2 were markedly different in obese and non-obese patients (0.48 and 0.59 cm2/m2) but not with AVA/H (0.61 cm2/m for both). Agreement for the diagnosis of severe AS (AVA &lt; 1 cm2) was significantly higher with AVA/H than with AVA/BSA (P &lt; 0.05). Similar results were observed across the three countries. An AVA/H cut-off value of 0.6 cm2/m [HR = 8.2(5.6–12.1)] provided the best predictive value for the occurrence of AS-related events [absolute AVA of 1 cm2: HR = 7.3(5.0–10.7); AVA/BSA of 0.6 cm2/m2 HR = 6.7(4.4–10.0)].

Conclusion
In a large multinational/multiracial cohort, AVA/H was better correlated with AVA than AVA/BSA and a cut-off value of 0.6 cm2/m provided a better diagnostic and prognostic value than 0.6 cm2/m2. Our results suggest that severe AS should be defined as an AVA &lt; 1 cm2 or an AVA/H &lt; 0.6 cm2/m rather than a BSA-indexed value of 0.6 cm2/m2.
Testing sex-biased admixture origin of macaque species using autosomal and X-chromosomal genomic sequences
Authors: Osada Naoki , Matsudaira Kazunari , Hamada Yuzuru , Malaivijitnond Suchinda 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The role of sex-specific demography in hybridization and admixture of genetically diverged species and populations is essential to understand the origins of the genomic diversity of sexually reproducing organisms. In order to infer how sex-linked loci have been differentiated undergoing frequent hybridization and admixture, we examined 17 whole-genome sequences of seven species of the genus Macaca, which shows frequent inter-specific hybridization and predominantly female philopatry. We found that hybridization and admixture were prevalent within these species. For three cases of suggested hybrid origin of species/subspecies, M. arctoides, M. fascicularis ssp. aurea, and Chinese M. mulatta, we examined the level of admixture of X chromosomes, which is less affected by male-biased migration than that of autosomes. In one case, we were able to determine that M. cyclopis and M. fuscata was genetically closer to Chinese M. mulatta than to the Indian M. mulatta, and the admixture level of Chinese M. mulatta and M. fuscata/cyclopis was more pronounced on the X chromosome than on autosomes. Since the mitochondrial genomes of Chinese M. mulatta, M. cyclopis, and M. fuscata were found to cluster together, and the mitochondrial genome of Indian M. mulatta is more distantly related, the observed pattern of genetic differentiation on X-chromosomal loci is consistent with the nuclear swamping hypothesis, in which strong, continuous male-biased introgression from the ancestral Chinese M. mulatta population to a population related to M. fuscata and M. cyclopis generated incongruencies between the genealogies of the mitochondrial and autosomal genomes.
Use of rilpivirine in HIV-1-infected individuals in routine clinical practice from 2012 to 2017 in France
Authors: Potard Valérie , Gallien Sebastien , Canestri Ana , Costagliola Dominique ,   the French Hospital Database on HIV (FHDH-ANRS CO4), Abel S , Abgrall S , Allavena C , Bazus H , Becker A , François Benezit , Bouvet De La Maisonneuve P , Bregigeon S , Brugnon A , Caby F , Calin R , Cheret A , Costagliola D , Truchis P De , Denis B , Duvivier C , Enel P , Fischer H , Ghosn J , Goussef M , Grabar S , Huber F , Jacomet C , Joly V , Katlama C , Khuong M A , Makinson A , Marchand L , Martin-Blondel G , Matheron S , Meynard J L , Miailhes P , Nacher M , Piet E , Piroth L , Ploquin M , Rabier V , Robineau O , Rouveix Nordon E , Tattevin P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We assessed virological outcomes of rilpivirine use in France from 2012 to 2017, in three groups of people living with HIV (PLHIV): (i) antiretroviral (ARV)-naive PLHIV; (ii) ARV-experienced PLHIV switching to rilpivirine while failing therapy; and (iii) ARV-experienced PLHIV switching to rilpivirine while virologically controlled.

Methods
Virological success (VS) was defined as a plasma HIV-1 viral load (VL) &lt;50 copies/mL and virological failure (VF) as two consecutive VL &gt;50 copies/mL or one VL &gt;50 copies/mL followed by a treatment switch prior to the next VL measurement. The cumulative incidence of VS was assessed considering rilpivirine discontinuation, loss to follow-up and death as competing risks, while estimates of cumulative incidence of VF accounted for loss to follow-up and death.

Results
Among the 2166 ARV-naive PLHIV initiating rilpivirine, the 4 year cumulative incidence of VS was 91.0% and was associated with baseline VL. Among the 2125 ARV-experienced PLHIV switching to rilpivirine while failing therapy, the 4 year cumulative incidence of VS was 82.5% and was associated with lower VL, higher CD4 and less than three prior ARVs. Among the 11 828 ARV-experienced PLHIV switching to rilpivirine while virologically controlled, the 4 year cumulative incidence of VF was 9.6%. The risk of VF was lower among MSM, for PLHIV with CD4 ≥ 500 cell/mm3, without a prior AIDS event, or with a longer VL suppression at baseline.

Conclusions
Rilpivirine-containing regimens yielded high rates of viral suppression in most participants, while it was ineffective when used outside the marketing authorization in naive participants.
Associations among individual gilt birth weight, litter birth weight phenotype, and the efficiency of replacement gilt production
Authors: Patterson Jennifer , Bernardi Mari L , Allerson Matt , Hanson Aaron , Holden Nick , Bruner Laura , Pinilla Juan C , Foxcroft George 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Selection for larger litter size has increased the number of low individual birth weight (BWi) pigs and produced sows with a repeatable low average litter birth weight phenotype (BWP). Using an average of 3.6 litters records per sow, BWP was established in 644 nucleus-multiplication sows producing replacement gilts in a large commercial operation and classified as low (L-BWP, &lt;1.18 kg, n = 85), medium (M-BWP, ≥1.18 to ≤1.35 kg, n = 250), or high (H-BWP, &gt;1.35 kg, n = 309) on the basis of a BWi of 1.18 kg below which there was a high risk of early mortality and the average BWi (1.35 kg) for the population. In subsequent litters, potential replacement gilts born to these sows (n = 7,341) received a unique identification tag that allowed the impact of BWi, BWP, and their interactions on the efficiency of replacement gilt production to be evaluated. Negative effects of BWi on mortality until day 4 after birth were confirmed (P &lt; 0.05) and cumulative losses to weaning, to day 70 of age, and to final pre-selection at 165 d of age were affected (P ≤ 0.05) by the interaction between BWP and BWi. Among the 2,035 gilts for which records for selection efficiency and production to fourth parity were available, a lower BWi decreased the probability of gilts reaching pubertal estrus (P &lt; 0.05) after 21 and 28 d of boar stimulation starting at 180 d of age, with no effect of BWP. Overall, neither BWi, BWP, nor their interaction affected age at puberty. After breeding, only the main effect of BWP affected productivity and retention in the sow herd. In parities 1 and 2, percent stillborn was higher in litters born to gilts from H-BWP compared with L-BWP dams (P &lt; 0.05), and in parity 2, total born and born alive were lower in sows derived from H-BWP compared with other BWPs. There were no differences in retention based on BWP classes until parity 2, after which retention tended (P ≤ 0.09) to be lower in sows derived from H-BWP compared with L-BWP dams. These results provide evidence that sow BWP is an important factor in the overall efficiency of replacement gilt management. This study also confirms that effective gilt selection and pre-breeding management protocols support excellent sow lifetime productivity and mitigate the risk of a high BWP in the litter of origin affecting retention in the breeding herd.
Application of a Validated UPLC–MS-MS Method for the Determination of Diphenidol in Biological Samples in 15 Authentic Lethal Cases
Authors: Yang Liu , Shen Min , Xiang Ping , Shen Baohua , Deng Hongxiao , Qiang Huosheng , Dang Yonghui , Shi Yan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Diphenidol (DPN) is a nonphenothiazinic antivertigo and antiemetic drug that has been widely used in clinical practice in China because of its good antivertigo curative effect, minimal side effects and high safety. In recent years, there have been some cases of sporadic suicide and accidental poisoning related to DPN. Hence, a validated method for the determination of DPN in biological samples by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS-MS) was developed. The method is characterized by the use of a simple, fast and inexpensive liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) for sample preparation, a rapid run time (5 min) and a low required sample volume (0.1 mL or 0.1 g). The lower limits of quantitation (LLOQs) were 0.05 ng/mL and 0.3 ng/g for blood and liver tissue, respectively. The method was shown to be linear over a concentration range of 0.05–200 ng/mL (blood) and 0.3–400 ng/g (liver). The accuracy was in the range of 92.77–112.75%. The relative standard deviations of the intraday and interday imprecisions were in the range of 3.22% to 12.17%, and the recoveries were in the range of 58.75–95.27%. Furthermore, the method was successfully applied to the detection and quantification of DPN in 15 real forensic cases. The postmortem concentration range of heart blood was 0.87–99 μg/mL.
Chandra spectral measurements of the O supergiant ζ Puppis indicate a surprising increase in the wind mass-loss rate over 18 yr
Authors: Cohen David H , Wang Jiaming , Petit Véronique , Leutenegger Maurice A , Dakir Lamiaa , Mayhue Chloe , David-Uraz Alexandre 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
New long Chandra grating observations of the O supergiant ζ Pup show not only a brightening of the X-ray emission line flux of 13 per cent in the 18 yr since Chandra’s first observing cycle, but also clear evidence – at more than 4σ significance – of increased wind absorption signatures in its Doppler-broadened line profiles. We demonstrate this with non-parametric analysis of the profiles as well as Gaussian fitting and then use line-profile model fitting to derive a mass-loss rate of 2.47 ± 0.09 × 10−6${\mathrm{M_{\odot }~{\mathrm{y}r^{-1}}}}$, which is a 40 per cent increase over the value obtained from the cycle 1 data. The increase in the individual emission line fluxes is greater for short-wavelength lines than long-wavelength lines, as would be expected if a uniform increase in line emission is accompanied by an increase in the wavelength-dependent absorption by the cold wind in which the shock-heated plasma is embedded.
Plant-ImputeDB: an integrated multiple plant reference panel database for genotype imputation
Authors: Gao Yingjie , Yang Zhiquan , Yang Wenqian , Yang Yanbo , Gong Jing , Yang Qing-Yong , Niu Xiaohui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Genotype imputation is a process that estimates missing genotypes in terms of the haplotypes and genotypes in a reference panel. It can effectively increase the density of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), boost the power to identify genetic association and promote the combination of genetic studies. However, there has been a lack of high-quality reference panels for most plants, which greatly hinders the application of genotype imputation. Here, we developed Plant-ImputeDB (http://gong_lab.hzau.edu.cn/Plant_imputeDB/), a comprehensive database with reference panels of 12 plant species for online genotype imputation, SNP and block search and free download. By integrating genotype data and whole-genome resequencing data of plants from various studies and databases, the current Plant-ImputeDB provides high-quality reference panels of 12 plant species, including ∼69.9 million SNPs from 34 244 samples. It also provides an easy-to-use online tool with the option of two popular tools specifically designed for genotype imputation. In addition, Plant-ImputeDB accepts submissions of different types of genomic variations, and provides free and open access to all publicly available data in support of related research worldwide. In general, Plant-ImputeDB may serve as an important resource for plant genotype imputation and greatly facilitate the research on plant genetic research.
Clinical Ordering Practices of the SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Test at a Large Academic Medical Center
Authors: Wiencek Joesph R , Head Carter L , Sifri Costi D , Parsons Andrew S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The novel severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated in December 2019 and has now infected almost 5 million people in the United States. In the spring of 2020, private laboratories and some hospitals began antibody testing despite limited evidence-based guidance.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients who received SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing from May 14, 2020, to June 15, 2020, at a large academic medical center, 1 of the first in the United States to provide antibody testing capability to individual clinicians in order to identify clinician-described indications for antibody testing compared with current expert-based guidance from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Results
Of 444 individual antibody test results, the 2 most commonly described testing indications, apart from public health epidemiology studies (n = 223), were for patients with a now resolved COVID-19-compatible illness (n = 105) with no previous molecular testing and for asymptomatic patients believed to have had a past exposure to a person with COVID-19-compatible illness (n = 60). The rate of positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing among those indications consistent with current IDSA and CDC guidance was 17% compared with 5% (P &lt; .0001) among those indications inconsistent with such guidance. Testing inconsistent with current expert-based guidance accounted for almost half of testing costs.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate a dissociation between clinician-described indications for testing and expert-based guidance and a significantly different rate of positive testing between these 2 groups. Clinical curiosity and patient preference appear to have played a significant role in testing decisions and substantially contributed to testing costs.
Combining information on nocturnal rapid eye movement sleep latency and atonia to facilitate diagnosis of pediatric narcolepsy type 1
Authors: Silvani Alessandro , Vandi Stefano , Pizza Fabio , Antelmi Elena , Ferri Raffaele , Plazzi Giuseppe 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Study Objectives
The diagnosis of narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) at its onset in children and adolescents is often difficult, with substantial diagnostic delay. We aimed to test and validate the effectiveness of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency (REML), the REM sleep atonia index (RAI), and their combination for the automatic identification of pediatric patients with NT1 based on the standard scoring of nocturnal polysomnograms.

Methods
A retrospective cohort of 71 pediatric patients with NT1 and 42 controls was subdivided in test and validation cohorts. A novel index (COM) was developed as a nonlinear function of REML and RAI. The effectiveness of REML, RAI, and COM in identifying patients with NT1 was assessed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.

Results
REML, RAI, and COM significantly identified patients with NT1 both in the test and validation cohorts. Optimal thresholds that maximized identification accuracy were estimated in the test cohort (REML, 49.5 min; RAI, 0.91; COM, 4.57 AU) and validated in the other cohort. COM performed significantly better in identifying patients with NT1 than either REML or RAI, with ROC area under the curve of 94%–100%, sensitivity 85%–96%, and specificity 92%–100%, and with good night-to-night agreement (Cohen’s k = 0.69).

Conclusions
The analysis of REML, RAI, and particularly their combination in the COM index may help shorten diagnostic delay of NT1 in children and adolescents based on the standard scoring of nocturnal polysomnography.