bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of a Men-only Supportive Expressive Therapy Group Intervention for Psychosocial Health Outcomes in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients: A 6-month longitudinal study
Authors: Oberoi Devesh , Martopullo Celestina , Bultz Barry D. , Carlson Linda Ellen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background An increasing number of gastrointestinal cancer (GI) patients suffer from the side effects of cancer treatment that can affect their psychosocial health outcomes such as mood states and quality of life. Despite its demonstrated usefulness in female cancer patients, the Supportive Expressive Group Therapy (SEGT) has not been tested in male cancer patients. The current study sought to examine the longitudinal effects of a professionally-led, men-only supportive-expressive group therapy (SEGT) on mood states, coping, and quality of life (QoL) in male GI cancer patients.Methods Male GI cancer patients (n = 31), at different stages of cancerand its treatment, were recruited from an ongoing men-only biweekly GI cancer support group. Data were collected at baseline (before or near the beginning of group attendance) and at three months and six months follow-up. All outcomes were patient-reported and included demographic data as well as the validated questionnaires: Profile of Mood States (POMS) for mood states, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) for QoL, and Ways of Coping-cancer version (WOC) for coping. Linear mixed models were used to examine the change in the outcomes over time. Effect sizes were estimated using Cohen’s d.Results The Anxiety (p = .04; d = 0.70), Depression (p = .03; d = 0.93) and Anger (p = .04; d = 1.28) subscales of the POMS decreased between baseline and six months. Participants also reported improvements in coping through Distancing (distancing oneself from negative thoughts, being more accepting of the situation, and looking for positives) of the WOC (p = .04; d = 0.4) between baseline and six months. There was no change in any of the FACT subscales (QoL) over time.Conclusions This is the first study to investigate the effects of a SEGT intervention in male cancer patients. SEGT resulted in improved mood states and coping in male GI cancer patients; however, there was no change in measures of QoL. Given the direct effects of SEGT on anxiety, depression and anger, as well as a strong association between anger and depression in men as reported in past studies, SEGT could be impactful in improving psychosocial health outcomes in male GI cancer patients.
The Trends and Efficacy of Surgery in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chen Lei , Chen Shi , Sun Tao , Yang Fan , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Surgery for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited. Recently, the possibility was advanced that surgical approach could be applied in HCC patients more widely. To address this issue, the trends in the use of surgery (including liver resection and ablation et, al) and liver resection for the treatment of HCC with time was analyzed. Additionally, whether patients gain a better survival benefit from surgery and liver resection than other treatments was evaluated.
Methods

Data from SEER registries was used to analyze the trends in the use surgery and liver resection for HCC and the survival benefits of these procedures. The study included patients between the ages of 35 and 84 years diagnosed as HCC between 1998 and 2015 (n = 80499). Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to reduce selection bias.
Results

From 1998 to 2015, the rate of surgery for HCC increased in all patients (P = 0.016) and in the localized group (P < 0.001), but decrease in the regional and distant groups (P < 0.001). Liver resection rate in the localized, regional, distant, and unknown/unstaged groups declined (P < 0.001, P = 0.004, P = 0.014, and P = 0.007, respectively). Surgery and liver resection rates in the localized group and its subgroups of localized group were reduced (all P < 0.05). The median overall survival (mOS) of patients undergoing surgery was longer than patients with non-surgery. Similar survival results were obtained in the analysis of the subgroups. The liver resection group had the longest mOS in all patients and in the localized (and it’s subgroups) and regional groups.
Conclusion

Although surgery rate in HCC patients increased slightly with time, liver resection rate in the localized group decreased. Surgery might be used more widely in the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Evaluation of focal photoreceptor degeneration using a multi-focal ERG
Authors: Tabata Kitako , Sugano Eriko , Yamane Toshiyuki , Kishimoto Takako , Iwama Yuuki , Tomita Hiroshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Photoreceptor degenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration gradually proceed to photoreceptor degeneration. In animal models of photoreceptor degeneration, it is difficult to evaluate the loss of function in the retina, especially in a focal lesion.
Methods

To induce local lesion in rat retina, one microliter of N-Methyl-N-Nitrosourea (MNU) solution was injected subretinally into a temporal site of the retina. A week after the injection, multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) was recorded to presume the degenerated site. Based on the data from mfERG, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed. After the OCT, eyes were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and the flat-mounted retinas were stained with peanut agglutinin (PNA) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA). Following observation under a fluorescence microscope, the retina was embedded into an OCT compound and cryo-sections were obtained.
Results

The decreased responses in some divisions of the retina were detected in the recording of mf-ERGs. Most of the decreased responses were localized in the temporal part of the retina corresponding to the MNU injection site. The OCT images at the area recorded a lower response of the data from mfERG and showed the severe destruction of photoreceptors; however, a well-organized retinal structure was observed in other parts of the retina. PNA and WGA staining also showed a decreased number of cones and rods in the degenerated area.
Conclusions

Subretinal injection of MNU induced the local photoreceptor degeneration without effects on other retinal layers. mfERGs could detect the focal lesion, and it might be a very helpful indication to perform OCT. These methods would help the evaluation of the effects of regenerative medicine in rodents.
Alexander Calder’s Half-Circle, Quarter-Circle, and Sphere (1932): A Complex History of Repainting Unraveled
Authors: Pozzi Federica , Arslanoglu Julie , Nagy Eleonora 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, owns one of the largest motorized works made by the renowned American artist Alexander Calder, titled Half-Circle, Quarter-Circle, and Sphere. Created in 1932, and acquired by the Whitney in 1969, this seminal work was featured in an iconic exhibition held in 2017 and entitled Calder: Hypermobility. Prior to that, the object underwent a series of treatments in order to repair its main kinetic elements that had become compromised during its lifetime. While the work’s mechanism retained its creator’s ingenious engineering solutions, the motor, urethane belts, plug, and electrical wires turned out to be neither original, nor authentic to the period. The appearance of the piece had also been altered, as most surfaces displayed multiple layers of overpainting and, thus, did not deliver the proper gloss, hue, and texture. These observations prompted a first, comprehensive scientific study to investigate the stratigraphy of Calder’s painted surfaces on Half-Circle, Quarter-Circle, and Sphere, with the final goal to comprehend and restore its original appearance through careful removal of the overpaint. Non-invasive X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis was carried out to gain initial insight into the paints’ composition. After that, extensive microscopic sampling was performed to assess the possible presence of original layers below the repainting throughout the object’s surface. Cross sections were examined with optical microscopy and analyzed with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies, as well as scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), in order to identify pigments, colorants, and extenders located in the various paint layers. Scrapings were also investigated with pyrolysis – gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) for a detailed characterization of the binding media. Scientific analysis revealed, in selected white and red areas, up to eleven layers of overpaint composed of a wide array of modern materials, including pigments (titanium white in the form of tetragonal rutile and a variety of synthetic organic red pigments) and binders (alkyd or late formulations of enamels based on ortho-phthalic acid / phthalic anhydride, glycerol and pentaerythritol, polyvinyl acetate with various plasticizers, and acrylics). On the other hand, the identification of materials that were available in the early 1930s, such as zinc white, calcite, and gypsum, as well as traditional drying oil binders, supported the hypothesis that a layer of original paint may still be present in certain areas. In addition to shedding new light on the stratigraphy of Calder’s painted surfaces, this study informed the optimization of a treatment plan tailored for the safe removal of the overpaint to uncover the original layer, wherever present.
Can technology optimise the pre-operative pathway for elective hip and knee replacement surgery: A qualitative study.
Authors: Sharif Faraz Salman , Rahman Ammar , Tonner Emma , Ahmed Hanad , Haq Iqraa , Abbass Rami , Asinger Shad , Sbai Magda 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:
An ageing population has resulted in a rise in the number of hip and knee replacement surgeries in the UK. The pre-operative pathway is plagued with issues causing long delays and cancellations. Virtual healthcare technologies have a growing evidence base to help solve these issues. One problem of implementing these technologies is the resistance to change mentality from healthcare professionals. By getting their opinions on the place of these technologies within the pre-operative pathway, a united front can be formed to help deliver change.
Methods:
16 semi-structured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders within the orthopaedic pre-operative pathway at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust. General topics included the different technologies that could be used within the pathway, their uses and associated benefits and problems. Interviews were audio-recorded, before being manually transcribed and then analysed to form categories and themes.
Results:
Various uses, benefits and problems were identified by healthcare professionals for each modality of technology. E-forms were seen as a high reward, low risk intervention. Remote patient monitoring and teleconsultations had their bonuses, but feasibility was a primary concern. Web-based interventions were seen as an intervention of the past, whereas virtual reality was seen as perhaps being ahead of its time. M-health was very positively viewed due to its all-encompassing nature. Digital illiteracy emerged as a consistent problem for most technologies.
Conclusions:
Current literature, the results from this study and technology trends within society highlight both M-health and E-forms as the 2 most promising virtual healthcare technologies for use in the pre-operative pathway for orthopaedics. Areas such as pre-operative assessment, triaging and prehabilitation are prime candidates for virtual intervention. Future research should also consider including patient opinions on any proposed interventions, as well as taking into account barriers to implementation.
Gender discrepancy in the predictive effect of metabolic syndrome and its components on newly onset cardiovascular disease in elderly from rural China
Authors: Yu Shasha , Guo Xiaofan , Li GuangXiao , Yang Hongmei , Zheng Liqiang , Sun Yingxian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the possible predictive effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components on cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a longitudinal analysis according to different criteria of MetS among rural Chinese elderly.
Method
A population-based sample of 2486 rural elderly Chinese residents aged ≥ 60 years at baseline were followed up from 2012–2013 to 2015–2017. CVD included stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD) diagnosed by clinicians were self-reported and were confirmed by medical records. MetS was diagnosed according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III), the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) and the international Diabetes Federation (IDF) criterion respectively.
Result
Hazard ratio adjusting for CHD, Stroke and CVD in those with MetS using NCEP ATP III criteria in female were 1.27 (95%CI 0.73, 2.21), 1.54 (95%CI 0.99, 2.40) and 1.45 (95%CI 1.00, 2.10); 1.33 (95%CI 0.77, 2.32), 1.44 (95%CI 0.92, 2.25) and 1.36 (95%CI 0.94, 1.97) with the AHA/NHLBI criteria; and 1.10 (95%CI 0.89,1.36), 1.62 (95%CI 1.03, 2.55) and 1.36 (95%CI 0.93, 1.97) with IDF criteria. Besides, abdominal obesity using the AHA/NHLBI criteria was significantly associated with the incidence of stroke (HR: 1.60; 95%CI 1.01, 2.52). However, among rural male elderly, neither MetS nor its components were capable of predicting newly onset CVD.
Conclusion
MetS is significantly associated with high incidence of CVD among rural female elderly only, and the incidence of CVD was evident only when MetS was defined using NCEP ATP III criterion. In order to reduce CVD among elderly in rural China, effective strategies to prevent, diagnose, and treating MetS should be made in time, especially among female.
Impact of Common Mental Disorders on Food Insecurity among Women in Butajira, Ethiopia: A Cohort Study
Authors: endris bilal shikur , Gebreyesus Seifu Hagos , Medhin Girmay , Prince Martin , Alem Atalay , Wissow Larry , Hanlon Charlotte 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: There is a growing body of evidence for an association between common mental disorders and food insecurity. However, since most studies have been cross-sectional, it has not been possible to differentiate the direction of the association. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of common mental disorders on food insecurity using a prospective cohort study design. Methods: The study was carried out in Butajira, south-central Ethiopia among mothers who were enrolled in the CMaMiE cohort. A total of 1815 enrolled women were evaluated for symptoms of CMD using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) at two time points; August 2012 (time 1, T1) and in August 2014 (time 2, T2). Probable CMD was defined when mothers reported six or more affirmative (yes) responses to the SRQ-20. Household food insecurity was measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) in December 2017 (time 3, T3). Zero inflated negative binomial regression was used to determine the independent effects of CMDs at T1 and T2 on food insecurity score at T3. A Poisson working model was used to determine the risk of being severely food insecure associated with CMD. Results : About two thirds of women (67.0%) were living in food insecure households.The prevalence of CMD was 4.8% at T1 and 10.0% at T2 and only 1.2 % (n=22) women had CMD at both time points. After controlling for potential confounders, women with CMD at T2 only (RR=1.14; 95%CI: 1.02, 1,29) had higher HFIAS scores at T3; Women with CMD at T1 only were not significantly associated with HFIAS score at T3. Women with CMD at T1 only had 4 times higher risk of severe food insecurity (RR=3.96, 95% CI: 2.15-7.27) and women with CMD at T2 only had 2.2 times higher risk of severe food insecurity (RR=2.24, 95% CI: 1.27-3.95) at follow-up. Conclusion : Common mental disorders among mothers were prospectively associated with increased risk of household food insecurity in this rural Ethiopian population. Possible mechanisms such as increased cost for health care, lost productivity and decreased self-efficacy warrant further investigation for their potential to prevent future food insecurity.
Morphological Identification of Ticks and Molecular Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogens from Bare-Nosed Wombats (Vombatus Ursinus)
Authors: Beard Danielle , Stannard Hayley J , Old Julie M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Ticks are obligate hematophagous ectoparasites of vertebrate hosts and transmit the widest range of pathogenic organisms of any arthropod vector. Seven tick species are known to feed on bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus), in addition to the highly prevalent Sarcoptes scabiei mite which causes fatal sarcoptic mange in most bare-nosed wombat populations. Little is known about the pathogens carried by most wombat ticks or how they impact wombats affected by sarcoptic mange.Methods Wombat ticks were sourced from wildlife hospitals and sanctuaries across Australia and identified to species level using taxonomic keys. Genomic DNA (gDNA) was extracted from a subsample, and following the amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 hypervariable region, next generation sequencing (NGS) on the Illumina MiSeq platform was used to assess the microbial composition.Results A total of 447 tick specimens were collected from 47 bare-nosed wombats between January 2019 and January 2020. Five species of ticks were identified comprising Bothriocroton auruginans (n = 420), Haemaphysalis bancrofti (n = 10), H. longicornis (n = 1), Ixodes tasmani (n = 12), and I. holocyclus (n = 4). Tick infestations ranged from 1 to 73 ticks per wombat. B. auruginans was the most prevalent tick species comprising 94% of the total number of samples and was present on 97.9% (46/47) of wombat hosts. NGS results revealed the 16S rRNA gene diversity profile was predominantly Proteobacteria (55.1%) followed by Firmicutes (21.9%) and Actinobacteria (18.4%). A species of Coxiella sharing closest sequence identity to C. burnetii (99.07%), was detected in 72% of B. auruginans and a Rickettsiella endosymbiont dominated the bacterial profile for I. tasmani.Conclusions A new host record for H. longicornis is bare-nosed wombats. One adult male and two engorged adult female specimens were found on an adult male wombat from Coolagolite in NSW and more specimens should be collected to confirm this host record. The most prevalent tick found on bare-nosed wombats is B. auruginans confirming previous records. Analysis of alpha-diversity showed high variability across both sample locations and instars, similar to previous studies. The detection of various Proteobacteria in this study highlights the high bacterial diversity in native Australian ticks.
Birth Weight and Renal Markers in Children Aged 5 – 10 Years in Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kaze Francois Folefack , Nguefack Seraphin , Asong Constantine Menkoh , Assob Jules Clement Nguedia , Nansseu Jobert Richie , Kowo Mathurin Pierre , Nzana Victorine , Kalla Ginette Claude Mireille , Halle Marie Patrice 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background A relationship exists between the birth weight (BW) and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children. Methods This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH). We recruited low BW (LBW) [<2500g], normal BW (NBW) [2500-3999g] and high BW (HBW) [>4000g] children, aged 5-10 years, born and followed-up at YGOPH. We collected socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, BP), laboratory (proteinuria, creatinine), maternal and birth data. The estimated GFR was calculated using Schwartz equation. Results We included 80 children (61.2% boys) with 21 (26.2%) LBW, 45 (56.2%) NBW and 14 (15.5%) HBW; the median (interquartile range) age was 7.3 (6.3-8.1) years and 17 (21.2%) were overweight/obese. Two (2.5%) children, all with a NBW (4.4%), had an elevated BP whereas 2 (2.5%) others children, all with a LBW (9.5%), had hypertension (p=0.233). Seven (8.7%) children had proteinuria with 19%, 2.2% and 14.3% having LBW, NBW and HBW respectively (p=0.051). Equivalents figures were 18 (22.5%), 14.3%, 24.2% and 28.6% for decrease GFR (p=0.818). There was a trends towards an inverse relationship between BW and BP, proteinuria and GFR (p>0.05). Conclusion Proteinuria is more pronounced in childhood with history of LBW and HBW while LBW children are more prone to develop hypertension. Regular follow-up is needed to implement early nephroprotective measures among children with abnormal BW.
Tumor Growth Rate as a Prognostic Factor for Metastatic or Recurrent Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Patients Treated with Carboplatin Plus Paclitaxel
Authors: Fukuda Naoki , Fujiwara Yu , Wang Xiaofei , Ohmoto Akihiro , Urasaki Tetsuya , Hayashi Naomi , Sato Yasuyoshi , Nakano Kenji , Yunokawa Mayu , Ono Makiko , Tomomatsu Junichi , Takahashi Shunji 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Large prospective studies of chemotherapy for metastatic or recurrent adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck are lacking due to the rarity of ACC. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of carboplatin plus paclitaxel toward ACC and perform an exploratory investigation of the prognostic factors to investigate the optimal strategy for metastatic or recurrent ACC.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed recurrent or metastatic ACC patients treated with carboplatin plus paclitaxel between April 2007 and September 2019 in our hospital. Objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated, and an exploratory analysis of the prognostic factors including tumor growth rate (TGR) was conducted.Results: A total of 26 ACC patients were enrolled. ORR and DCR were 11.5% and 76.9%; the median PFS and OS were 8.1 and 22.3 months, respectively. From the results of the multivariate analysis, higher (≥ 6%/month) TGR was associated with worse PFS (hazard ratio [HR] 7.00, 95%CI 1.34–36.53, p = 0.02) and OS (HR 29.33, 95%CI 3.38–254.80, p < 0.01). The median PFS (10.6 vs. 6.6 months, log-rank p < 0.05) and OS (48.5 vs. 16.9 months, log-rank p < 0.01) were significantly shorter in patients with higher TGR.Conclusions: Carboplatin plus paclitaxel showed modest efficacy for recurrent or metastatic ACC patients. Watchful waiting may be optimal for ACC patients with lower TGR. Systemic chemotherapy should be considered when TGR increases during active surveillance.