bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using A Behavioral Model to Assess The Barriers And Facilitators to Engaging Local Healthcare Providers In Conducting Interventional Cancer Trials In Nigeria
Authors: Ibraheem Abiola , Oluwasanu Mojisola , Akinbami Akinsegun , Sowunmi Akinyimika , Odedina Stella , Popoola Abiodun , Cipriano Toni , Olopade Olufunmilayo , Oladepo Oladimeji , Polite Blase 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Globalization of cancer clinical trials is now involving low middle income countries such as Nigeria as a rationale for global equity. With this ongoing clinical trial globalization, it is important to engage stakeholders such as local providers at the institutions where these trials are conducted by improving knowledge and perception of local providers concerning clinical trials.METHODS: This is a qualitative focused group study consisting of ten groups conducted at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital between November 2019 and January 2020 using locally developed probe questions to engage local providers according to departments. Transcripts of semi-structured interviews was analyzed using direct content analysis and was mapped against the implementation theory of capability, opportunity and motivation for behavior change(COM-B) to access the challenges and barriers reported by local providers. RESULTS: 239 local providers participated in this study, the challenges identified by providers were low knowledge about clinical trials, poor attitudes and systemic barriers. The opportunities suggested by local providers to improve the conduct of clinical trial in that environ included clinical trial workshops to improve baseline knowledge and perception and team collaboration between providers. CONCLUSION: As cancer clinical trials are being globalized, the local healthcare community should be brought to par with this new intervention and not be left behind. Training about clinical trials should not be limited to providers actively involved in the clinical trials but all the providers in that region should be empowered by improving the baseline knowledge and perception of clinical trials.
Machinability Investigation in Dry Turning of Ti–6Al–4V with a Novel TiB2–ZrC Cermet Tool Using RSM
Authors: Yuan Yikun , Ji Wenbin , Dai Shijie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To ensure accuracy and improve the processing efficiency of Ti–6Al–4V alloys, dry turning experiment of Ti–6Al–4V was carried out using a novel TiB2–ZrC cermet tool. The tool was reinforced by nanoscale VC additive and exhibited excellent hardness and fracture toughness. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used in the experiment to verify and evaluate the cutting performance of TiB2–ZrC cermet tool. The cutting forces and surface roughness (Ra) were selected as the optimization objective. Then the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to ascertain the effective cutting parameters on response factors and demonstrate accuracy of the models. It was found that the effective cutting parameters on surface roughness was feed rate, while cutting depth significantly affected cutting forces. And the confirmation experiments showed that the predicted values coincide with experimental values nearly. Based on the optimized cutting parameters, the tool life and tool wear mechanism were investigated. When the vc, ap and f were 100 mm/min, 0.16 mm, 0.1 mm/rev, respectively, the cutting length and tool life could reach to 3233 m and 29.4 min, respectively, due to the excellent wear resistance and stability of TiB2–ZrC cermet tool at high cutting temperature. In this case, the main wear mechanism was adhesive wear and diffusion wear.
Serum Amino Acid Profile in Early-onset Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Authors: Xuan Chao , Li Hui , Tian Qing-Wu , Guo Jun-Jie , He Guo-Wei , Lun Li-Min , Wang Qing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Amino acids play essential roles in protein construction and metabolism. Our study aims to provide a profile of amino acid changes in the serum of patients with early-onset coronary artery disease (EOCAD) and identify potential disease biomarkers.Methods: Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring-multistage/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MRM-MS/MS) was used to determine the amino acid profile of patients with EOCAD in sample pools. In the validation stage, the serum levels of candidate amino acids of interest are determined for each sample.Results: A total of 128 EOCAD patients and 64 healthy controls were included in the study. Eight serum amino acids associated with disease state were identified. Compared with the control group, serum levels of seven amino acids (L-Arginine, L-Methionine, L-Tyrosine, L-Serine, L-Aspartic acid, L-Phenylalanine, and L-Glutamic acid) increased and one (4-Hydroxyproline) decreased in the patient group. Results from the validation stage demonstrate that serum levels of 4-Hydroxyproline were significantly lower in myocardial infarction (MI) patients (9.889 ± 3.635 μg/ml) than those in the controls (16.433 ± 4.562 μmol/L, p < 0.001). Elevated serum 4-Hydroxyproline levels were shown to be an independent protective factor for MI (OR = 0.863, 95% CI: 0.822-0.901). The significant negative correlation was seen between serum 4-Hydroxyproline levels and cardiac troponin I (r = -0.667) in MI patients.Conclusion: We have provided a serum amino acid profile for EOCAD patients and screened eight disease state-related amino acids, and we have also shown that 4-Hydroxyproline is a promising target for further biomarker studies in early-onset MI.
Plastically Bendable Crystals of Flufenamic Acid Form III
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhang Keke , Xu Jun , Wu Songgu , Gong Junbo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Bendable organic crystal is a burgeoning research field due to interesting phenomenon and broad application prospects. Here we report a plastic bendable pharmaceutical crystal, flufenamic acid (FFA) form Ⅲ crystal. The crystal exhibits plastic bending when the force is applied on (100) face. The column-like structure and the slip planes among them are the basic features responsible for the exceptional plasticity. The spatially resolved atomic-level studies via X-ray diffraction and micro-Raman reveal the structural perturbations in FFA crystal after bending, illustrating that the packing in each “column” is also critical for the plastic bending, which contributes to the exploration of plastic bending mechanism and inspires the design of flexible organic crystal materials.
Patients’ Priorities and Expectations on an EU Registry for Rare Bone and Mineral Conditions
Authors: Javaid Muhammad Kassim , Mordenti Mariana , Boarini Manila , Sangiorgi Luca , 5 ERN BOND Working Group , Westerheim Ingunn , Alves Ines , Skarberg Rebecca , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha , Graasemann Corinna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundUnderstanding the natural history of rare bone and mineral conditions is essential for improving clinical practice and the development of new diagnostics and therapeutics. Recruitment and long-term participation in registries are key challenges for researchers. To understand the user needs, the European Reference Network on Rare Bone Diseases (ERN BOND) and European Patient Advocacy Groups developed and implemented a multinational survey about the patient’s preferred database content and functionality. Findings were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression methods.ResultsThere were 493 eligible responses from 378 adults, 15 children and 100 parents, guardians or carers (PGC) across 22 rare bone and mineral conditions. Osteogenesis imperfecta constituted 53.4% of responses. Contents related to improving treatment and medical services scored the highest and contents about anxiety and socializing scored less highly. Additional content was recommended by 205 respondents. Respondents preferred data entry by their Healthcare Provider (HCP). However, less than 50% of adults received followup from their specialist HCP at least annually and 29% were followed up as needed. ConclusionsThis survey of individuals, their family, guardians and carers has prioritised the key components for an EU-based rare bone and mineral condition research database. The survey highlights issues around collecting psychosocial impacts as well as measures of HCP trust. The survey demonstrated that using only specialist centre visits for data collection, while preferred by patients, will miss a substantial number of individuals, limiting generalisability. Combined HCP and patient platforms will be required to collect representative and complete natural history data for this patient group.
Hepatoprotective Effect of Yiqijianpi Formula (YQJPF) on Liver Failure Through Modulation of Hypoxic and Apoptosis Pathways
Authors: Tang Li , Wang Feixia , Xiao Lingyan , Shen Min , Xia Siwei , Zhang Zili , Zhang Feng , Zheng Shizhong , Tan Shanzhong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAcute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe complication of cirrhosis, which seriously endanger human life and health. Yiqijianpi decoction (YQJPF) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula that has been widely used in the treatment of liver failure with significant effect. The purpose of this study was to investigate the active components and mechanism to ameliorate acute on chronic liver failure(ACLF).MethodsLPS combined with D-Gal was used to establish the rat model of ACLF, pathological examination was detected by H&E staining, liver function test was assayed by ELISA. LPS was used to induce hepatocytes injury in vitro. Cell proliferation assay, TUNEL assay were used in human hepatic L02 cells. The active components and putative targets of YQJPF were predicted by network pharmacology approach and GEO analysis. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis were presented by using String, Cytoscape and Metascape. Further, experimental validation was done to verify the effect of YQJPF on PI3K/AKT-HIF-1ɑ and apoptosis-related signaling pathways by using Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.ResultsAfter being treated with YQJPF, the rat liver injury and fibrosis were alleviated, and Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, TUNEL assay indicated YQJPF also inhibited the apoptosis in hepatic L02 cells. Through network pharmacologic analysis, 135 active components in YQJPF decoction, 573 known therapeutic targets and 2940 liver failure-related human genes were identified. 163 gene symbols maybe the key for liver failure treatment by YQJPF decoction. VEGF-A was hub gene in PPI network. The KEGG pathway and GO enrichment analyses indicated that the PI3K/AKT, HIF-1 signaling pathways were the prominently enriched signaling pathways. In vivo, YQJPF upregulated the expression of PI3K/AKT-HIF1-ɑ and VEGF-A. Moreover apoptosis pathway were verified by up-regulating Bcl2 expression and down-regulating Bax expression in vivo and in vitro.ConclusionYQJPF is beneficial for alleviating liver failure, may regulate hypoxic liver injury through PI3K/AKT-HIF1α dependent apoptosis pathway.
How to improve patient experience of compassion through nursing: Development of an on-job mentorship programme in a tertiary care hospital, Pakistan
Authors: Arshad Alma , Lalani Naureen , Sultan Noureen , Zubairi Aly , Hussain Ayesha , Hasan Babar S. , Rasheed Muneera A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Evidence suggests improvement in nursing staff satisfaction, competence, and retention after implementation of evidence-based mentorship programmes. When guided by a framework of compassion, mentoring as a caring action can not only build healthy, transformative relationships and energize the workplace environments but a similar behavior is reciprocated to patients which subsequently can drive patient experience of care. However, examples of on-job mentorship programs for nurses in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are limited owing to human and financial constraints.
Objective

The current study describes the development of a feasible an on-job nursing mentorship program using a compassionate framework aimed at improving nurses’ experience and thus enhancing patient experience from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.
Methods

The intervention package was built by a team composed of service and nursing leadership, director patient experience of care and a compassion specialist using a theory of change model. The package followed a series of steps that were based on the principles of implementation science, a) identification of a framework, b) creating a working group and c) multiple meetings to frame the model followed by implementing the preconditions for roll-out of the programme.
Results

The intermediate outcome was to have nurses demonstrate skills of compassion with the eventual outcome of improving the patient's experience of compassion. The pre-conditions were identified as: recruitment of staff with appropriate skills for pediatric care, precision of compassionate experience definition, creation of a compassionate culture and development of competent head nurses as supervisor. In order to ensure the pre-conditions, various interventions were planned and some were implemented through the course of designing. These involved, creation of space to talk about compassionate skills with staff, provide trainings and on-job coaching, revising career ladder of supervisors, inclusion of pediatric compassion specific nursing education service orientation program, recognition of efforts and promotion of compassionate values in numerous communication platforms, arrangement of training workshops, creation of checklists and development of dashboards.
Conclusion

The approach helped to delineate feasible pathways for an on-job compassionate mentorship programme through strengthening routine supervision leading to improved patient experience of care in the pediatric service.
Molecular Characterization of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates from Egyptian Patients
Authors: Hassan Reem M , Salem Sherifa T , Hassan Saly Ismail Mostafa , Hegab Asmaa , Elkholy Yasmine S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) represents a global threat owing to its ability to resist most of the currently available antimicrobial agents. Moreover, emergence of carbapenem resistant A. baumannii (CR-AB) isolates limits the available treatment options. Enzymatic degradation by variety of ß-lactamases, have been identified as the most common mechanism of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii. The alarming increase in the prevalence of CR-AB necessitates continuous screening and molecular characterization to appreciate the problem. The present study was performed to assess the prevalence and characterize carbapenemases among 206 CR-AB isolated from various clinical specimens collected from different intensive care units at Kasr Al-Aini Hospital. All isolates were confirmed to be A. baumannii by detection of the blaOXA-51-like gene. Molecular screening of 13 common Ambler class bla carbapenemases genes in addition to insertion sequence (IS-1) upstream OXA-23 was performed by using four sets of multiplex PCR, followed by identification using gene sequencing technology. Among the investigated genes, the prevalence of blaOXA-23, and blaOXA-58 were 77.7%, and 1.9%, respectively. The ISAba1 was detected in 10% of the blaOXA-23 positive isolates. The prevalence of metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) studied; blaNDM-1, blaSPM, blaVIM, blaSIM-1 were 11.7%, 6.3%, 0.5%, and 0.5% respectively. One of class A; bla KPC was detected in 10.7% of the investigated isolates. blaOXA-24/40, blaIMP, blaGES, blaVEB and blaGIM were not detected in any of the studied isolates. Moreover, 18.4% of the isolates have shown to harbor two or more of the screened bla genes. We concluded that the most prevalent type of ß-lactamases genes among CR-AB isolates collected from Egyptian patients were blaOXA-23 followed by blaNDM-1 and blaKPC.
The Use of Augmented and Mixed Reality Technology to Improve Surgical Outcomes: a Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Bollen Edward , Solomon Joshua , Stubbs Matthew , Langridge Benjamin , Butler Peter E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe use of mixed and augmented reality in surgery is a novel and rapidly developing field. Augmented reality is a technology which overlays virtual images on to the real world and is supported by a variety of platforms. Mixed reality is a newer technology, which, in contrast, allows the user to interact with virtual objects projected onto the real world. These technologies have been employed in a range of surgical contexts and specialities and have generated significant public interest, however, the evidence supporting their proposed benefits is unclear. This systematic review aims to critically appraise the intraoperative use of mixed and augmented reality technologies to improve surgical outcomes and provide directions for future research. Methods This systematic review will follow the PRISMA guidelines and search the MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library electronic databases. All clinical studies reporting empirical data on the intraoperative use of augmented or mixed reality technologies will be eligible for inclusion. Identified studies will be screened for inclusion by three authors in parallel, with a fourth author resolving any discrepancies. Risk of bias will be assessed in accordance with Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions guidance. The quality of evidence for each outcome will be assessed using the GRADE approach.DiscussionThis will be the first systematic review performed with a specific focus on the use of mixed reality in surgery. If augmented and mixed reality are to become established tools in surgery, it is necessary to understand their use cases, advantages, limitations and cost-effectiveness. This is a young but rapidly evolving field; this synthesis of the current evidence base will provide direction for future research and development.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO CRD42020205892
A Novel Brachytherapy Biliary Drainage Catheter Loaded With 125I Seeds in Patients With Malignant Obstructive Jaundice: Preliminary Results Versus Iodine-125 Seed Strands Placement
Authors: Li Zhaonan , Jiao Dechao , Han Xinwei , Zhou Xueliang , Li Yahua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background The placement of 125I seeds was a safe method for treating cholangiocarcinoma .The purpose of this study was to compare a novel brachytherapy biliary drainage catheter (BBDC) with an Iodine-125 (125I) seed strand after self-expandable metallic stent(SEMs) implantation in terms of safety and efficacy, as treatments for patients with cholangiocarcinoma of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ). Methods From September 2016 to December 2018, We retrospectively enrolled patients with biliary stent implantation after receiving either BBDC loaded with 125I seeds (double-strands irradiation group) or an 125I seed strand treatment (single-strand irradiation group, control group). The outcomes were analyzed regarding the relief of obstructive jaundice, interventional-related complications, stent patency and survival time. ResultsThe success rate of interventional therapy in both groups was 100% and all patients with MOJ were alleviated . The overall complication rates of BBDC group and control group were 23.1% (9 / 39) and 26.5% (9/ 34), respectively (P > 0.05). The median and mean overall stent patency of the BBDC group and the control group were (207 days versus 180 days, 204.212 days versus 186.278 days, p = 0.043). The median and mean overall survivals in the BBDC group were higher than those in the control group (245 days versus 212 days, 244.883 days versus 221.844 days, p = 0.030). ConclusionsThis interim analysis showed that BBDC (double-stranded irradiation) can prolong the stent patency time compared with 125I seed strand treatment (single-stranded irradiation) and had the advantage of reducing jaundice, which seemed to extend survival period.
What Is the Impact of Different Glucose-lowering Agents for Atrial Fibrillation Risk: A Systematic Review and a Network Meta-analysis&nbsp;
Authors: Shi Wence , Wenchang Zhang , Lihua Gao , Chunhua Ding 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The emergence of new glucose-lowering agents has brought revolutionary changes to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Diabetes is associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) progression, while whether or not glucose-lowering agents would bring a reduction of AF/AFL is not clear. We therefore evaluate the effect of different glucose-lowering agents on AF/AFL and made this network meta-analysis to identify the optimal treatment for diabetes patients to reduce AF/AFL events.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library until September 30 2020, and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used in this network meta-analysis. The primary endpoint for our study was AF or AFL events. Only studies with a follow-up period of at least 12 months and reporting AF/AFL as clinical endpoints were included. Results from trials were presented as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and were pooled using a bayesian random-effects model.Results: 5 eligible studies (9 glucose-lowering agents were analyzed including thiazolidinedione[TZD], metformin[Met], sulfonylurea[SU], insulin[Insu], dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor[DPP-4i], glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist[GLP-1RA], sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor[SGLT2i], alpha glucosidase inhibitor[AGI], and non-sulfonylurea[nSU]) consisting of 263583 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. Pooled results show that GLP1-RA, when compared to Met (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.61), SU (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.07-0.73), Insu (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.07-0.86), and nSU (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04-0.66) significantly reduce AF/AFL events. In addition, DPP-4i could also reduce AF/AFL events when compared with nSU (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.12-0.92).Conclusion: The finding of our study indicated that GLP1-RA could be optimal glucose-lowering agent for diabetes patients to prevents AF/AFL. Met and insulin-providing therapy (insulin, sulfonylurea, or non- sulfonylurea) should be avoided to patients with high risk of AF/AFL.Trial registration: We have registered in PROSPERO (international prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42020212994) for this network meta-analysis
Antifungal effects of ZnO, TiO2 and ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposite on Aspergillus flavus
Authors: ilkhechi nasrollah najibi , Mozammel Mahdi , Khoroushahi Ahmad Yari 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to synthesis ZnO, TiO2 and ZnO–TiO2 (ratio weight of 1/1 for Zn/Ti) nanoparticles using zinc acetate and titanium isopropoxide through the sol-gel method. Physicochemical and morphological characterization and antifungal properties evaluation like minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicide concentration (MFC) of nanopowders were investigated against Aspergillus flavus at in vitro. All synthesized nanoparticles (50 µg/ml) showed fungal growth inhibition while ZnO-TiO2 showed higher antifungal activity against A. flavus than pure TiO2 and ZnO. TiO2 and ZnO-TiO2 (300 µg/ml) inhibited 100% of spur production. Pure ZnO and TiO2 showed pyramidal and spherical shapes, respectively whereas ZnO-TiO2 nanopowders illustrated both spherical and pyramidal shapes with grown particles on the surface. Based on our findings, low concentration (150 µg/ml) of ZnO-TiO2 showed higher ROS production and stress oxidative induction thus fungicide effect as compared to alone TiO2 and ZnO. In conclusion, ZnO-TiO2 nanostructure can be utilized as an effective antifungal compound but more studies need to be performed to understand the antifungal mechanism of the nanoparticles rather than ROS inducing apoptosis.