bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type-I 2HDM under the Higgs and electroweak precision measurements
Authors: Chen Ning , Han Tao , Li Shuailong , Su Shufang , Su Wei , Wu Yongcheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We explore the extent to which future precision measurements of the Standard Model (SM) observables at the proposed Z-factories and Higgs factories may have impacts on new physics beyond the Standard Model, as illustrated by studying the Type-I Two-Higgs-doublet model (Type-I 2HDM). We include the contributions from the heavy Higgs bosons at the tree-level and at the one-loop level in a full model-parameter space. While only small tan β region is strongly constrained at tree level, the large tan β region gets constrained at loop level due to tan β enhanced tri-Higgs couplings. We perform a multiple variable χ2 fit with non-alignment and non-degenerate masses. We find that the allowed parameter ranges could be tightly constrained by the future Higgs precision measurements, especially for small and large values of tan β. Indirect limits on the masses of heavy Higgs bosons can be obtained, which can be complementary to the direct searches of the heavy Higgs bosons at hadron colliders. We also find that the expected accuracies at the Z-pole and at a Higgs factory are quite complementary in constraining mass splittings of heavy Higgs bosons. The typical results are | cos(β − α)| < 0.05, |∆mΦ| < 200 GeV, and tan β ≳ 0.3. The reaches from CEPC, Fcc-ee and ILC are also compared, for both Higgs and Z-pole precision measurements. Comparing to the Type-II 2HDM, the 95% C.L. allowed range of cos(β − α) is larger, especially for large values of tan β.
Asymmetric dark matter from semi-annihilation
Authors: Ghosh Avirup , Ghosh Deep , Mukhopadhyay Satyanarayan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe show that a general semi-annihilation scenario, in which a pair of dark matter (DM) particles annihilate to an anti-DM, and an unstable state that can mix with or decay to standard model states, can lead to particle anti-particle asymmetry in the DM sector. The present DM abundance, including the CP-violation in the DM sector and the resulting present asymmetry are determined entirely by a single semi-annihilation process at next-to-leading order. For large CP-violation in this process, we find that a nearly complete asymmetry can be obtained in the DM sector, with the observed DM density being dominated by the (anti-)DM particle. The presence of additional pair-annihilation processes can modify the ratio of DM and anti-DM number densities further, if the pair-annihilation is active subsequent to the decoupling of the semi-annihilation. For such a scenario, the required CP-violation for generating the same present asymmetry is generically much smaller, as compared to the scenario with only semi-annihilation present. We show that a minimal model with a complex scalar DM with cubic self-interactions can give rise to both semi- and pair-annihilations, with the required CP-violation generated at one-loop level. We also find that the upper bound on the DM mass from S-matrix unitarity in the purely asymmetric semi-annihilation scenario, with maximal CP-violation, is around 15 GeV, which is much stronger than in the WIMP and previously considered asymmetric DM cases, due to the required large non-zero chemical potential for such asymmetric DM.
Local quenches, bulk entanglement entropy and a unitary Page curve
Authors: Agón Cesar A. , Lokhande Sagar F. , Pedraza Juan F. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Quantum corrections to the entanglement entropy of matter fields interacting with dynamical gravity have proven to be very important in the study of the black hole information problem. We consider a one-particle excited state of a massive scalar field infalling in a pure AdS3 geometry and compute these corrections for bulk subregions anchored on the AdS boundary. In the dual CFT2, the state is given by the insertion of a local primary operator and its evolution thereafter. We calculate the area and bulk entanglement entropy corrections at order $$ \mathcal{O}\left({N}^0\right), $$
O

N
0

,
both in AdS and its CFT dual. The two calculations match, thus providing a non-trivial check of the FLM formula in a dynamical setting. Further, we observe that the bulk entanglement entropy follows a Page curve. We explain the precise sense in which our setup can be interpreted as a simple model of black hole evaporation and comment on the implications for the information problem.
Harvesting correlations in Schwarzschild and collapsing shell spacetimes
Authors: Tjoa Erickson , Mann Robert B. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We study the harvesting of correlations by two Unruh-DeWitt static detectors from the vacuum state of a massless scalar field in a background Vaidya spacetime consisting of a collapsing null shell that forms a Schwarzschild black hole (hereafter Vaidya spacetime for brevity), and we compare the results with those associated with the three preferred vacua (Boulware, Unruh, Hartle-Hawking-Israel vacua) of the eternal Schwarzschild black hole spacetime. To do this we make use of the explicit Wightman functions for a massless scalar field available in (1+1)-dimensional models of the collapsing spacetime and Schwarzschild spacetimes, and the detectors couple to the proper time derivative of the field. First we find that, with respect to the harvesting protocol, the Unruh vacuum agrees very well with the Vaidya vacuum near the horizon even for finite-time interactions. Second, all four vacua have different capacities for creating correlations between the detectors, with the Vaidya vacuum interpolating between the Unruh vacuum near the horizon and the Boulware vacuum far from the horizon. Third, we show that the black hole horizon inhibits any correlations, not just entanglement. Finally, we show that the efficiency of the harvesting protocol depend strongly on the signalling ability of the detectors, which is highly non-trivial in presence of curvature. We provide an asymptotic analysis of the Vaidya vacuum to clarify the relationship between the Boulware/Unruh interpolation and the near/far from horizon and early/late-time limits. We demonstrate a straightforward implementation of numerical contour integration to perform all the calculations.
3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 Chern-Simons-matter theory, Bethe ansatz, and quantum K -theory of Grassmannians
Authors: Ueda Kazushi , Yoshida Yutaka 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We study a correspondence between 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 topologically twisted Chern-Simons-matter theories on S1× Σg and quantum K -theory of Grassmannians. Our starting point is a Frobenius algebra depending on a parameter β associated with an algebraic Bethe ansatz introduced by Gorbounov-Korff. They showed that the Frobenius algebra with β = −1 is isomorphic to the (equivariant) small quantum K -ring of the Grassmannian, and the Frobenius algebra with β = 0 is isomorphic to the equivariant small quantum cohomology of the Grassmannian. We apply supersymmetric localization formulas to the correlation functions of supersymmetric Wilson loops in the Chern-Simons-matter theory and show that the algebra of Wilson loops is isomorphic to the Frobenius algebra with β = −1. This allows us to identify the algebra of Wilson loops with the quantum K - ring of the Grassmannian. We also show that correlation functions of Wilson loops on S1× Σg satisfy the axiom of 2d TQFT. For β = 0, we show the correspondence between an A-twisted GLSM, the Frobenius algebra for β = 0, and the quantum cohomology of the Grassmannian. We also discuss deformations of Verlinde algebras, omega-deformations, and the K -theoretic I -functions of Grassmannians with level structures.
Enhanced characterization of the yield behavior of sheet metal at torsional load using digital image correlation methods
Authors: Grillenberger Markus , Schagerl Martin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis work describes an approach for strain determination at the “in-plane” torsional test using digital image correlation (DIC) without brushing a statistical pattern on the specimen. It is well known that the in-plane torsion test represents a appropriate test method for material characterization of sheet metal in terms of yielding and kinematic hardening (Wagner et al. in Application of the in-plane torsion test in an industrial environment—recent advances and remaining challenges. In: Conference Paper of the 12th Forming Technology Forum, Herrsching, Germany, 2019). However, the gained measurement data do not allow the exact reading of material models for direct use in numerical analysis. The determination of shear values represents thereby the main challenge. Besides well-established methods for stress–strain analysis mentioned in this contribution, the applicability of DIC methods for the direct reading of distortion on the specimen has been investigated. Therefore, a torsion test rig has been developed and torsion tests using specimen out of mild- and high-strength steel have been conducted. The in-plane situation allows the distortion tracking of single points on the specimen by using a 2D image correlation software. The needed pictures were taken by using a common digital lens reflex camera. It has been shown that the resolution of the inherent specimen pattern is sufficient for the use of common 2D image correlation software. Torsional test results in the form of computed yield curves of mild- and advanced high-strength steels are aimed to be presented in this contribution.
16S rRNA Gene Copy Number Normalization Does Not Provide More Reliable Conclusions in Metataxonomic Surveys
Authors: Starke Robert , Pylro Victor Satler , Morais Daniel Kumazawa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSequencing 16S rRNA gene amplicons is the gold standard to uncover the composition of prokaryotic communities. The presence of multiple copies of this gene makes the community abundance data distorted and gene copy normalization (GCN) necessary for correction. Even though GCN of 16S data provided a picture closer to the metagenome before, it should also be compared with communities of known composition due to the fact that library preparation is prone to methodological biases. Here, we process 16S rRNA gene amplicon data from eleven simple mock communities with DADA2 and estimate the impact of GCN. In all cases, the mock community composition derived from the 16S sequencing differs from those expected, and GCN fails to improve the classification for most of the analysed communities. Our approach provides empirical evidence that GCN does not improve the 16S target sequencing analyses in real scenarios. We therefore question the use of GCN for metataxonomic surveys until a more comprehensive catalogue of copy numbers becomes available.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation mitigates the adverse prognostic impact of high diagnostic BAALC and MN1 expression in AML
Authors: Jentzsch Madlen , Bill Marius , Grimm Juliane , Brauer Dominic , Backhaus Donata , Goldmann Karoline , Schulz Julia , Niederwieser Dietger , Platzbecker Uwe , Schwind Sebastian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFor most acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers the highest chance of sustained remissions and long-term survival. At diagnosis, high expression of the AML-associated genesBAALC(brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic) andMN1(meningioma-1) were repeatedly linked to inferior outcomes in patients consolidated with chemotherapy while data for patients receiving HSCT remain limited. Using clinically applicable digital droplet PCR assays, we analyzed the diagnosticBAALC/ABL1andMN1/ABL1copy numbers in 302 AML patients. HighBAALC/ABL1andMN1/ABL1copy numbers associated with common adverse prognostic factors at diagnosis. However, while high diagnostic copy numbers of both genes associated with shorter event free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients receiving chemotherapy, there was no prognostic impact in patients undergoing HSCT. Our data suggests that the adverse prognostic impact of highBAALCandMN1expression are mitigated by allogeneic HSCT. But preHSCTBAALC/ABL1andMN1/ABL1assessed in remission prior to HSCT remained prognosticators for EFS and OS independent of the diagnostic expression status. Whether allogeneic HSCT may improve survival for AML patients with high diagnosticBAALCorMN1expression should be investigated prospectively and may improve informed decisions towards individualized consolidation options in AML.
Induction of protein aggregation and starvation response by tRNA modification defects
Authors: Klassen Roland , Bruch Alexander , Schaffrath Raffael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPosttranscriptional modifications of anticodon loops contribute to the decoding efficiency of tRNAs by supporting codon recognition and loop stability. Consistently, strong synthetic growth defects are observed in yeast strains simultaneously lacking distinct anticodon loop modifications. These phenotypes are accompanied by translational inefficiency of certain mRNAs and disturbed protein homeostasis resulting in accumulation of protein aggregates. Different combinations of anticodon loop modification defects were shown to affect distinct tRNAs but provoke common transcriptional changes that are reminiscent of the cellular response to nutrient starvation. Multiple mechanisms may be involved in mediating inadequate starvation response upon loss of critical tRNA modifications. Recent evidence suggests protein aggregate induction to represent one such trigger.
Universality of steady shear flow of Rouse melts
Authors: Poh Leslie , Narimissa Esmaeil , Wagner Manfred H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe data set of steady and transient shear data reported by Santangelo and Roland Journal of Rheology 45: 583–594, (2001) in the nonlinear range of shear rates of an unentangled polystyrene melt PS13K with a molar mass of 13.7 kDa is analysed by using the single integral constitutive equation approach developed by Narimissa and Wagner Journal of Rheology 64:129–140, (2020) for elongational and shear flow of Rouse melts. We compare model predictions with the steady-state, stress growth, and stress relaxation data after start-up shear flows. In characterising the linear-viscoelastic relaxation behaviour, we consider that in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature, Rouse modes and glassy modes are inseparable, and we model the terminal regime of PS13K by effective Rouse modes. Excellent agreement is achieved between model predictions and shear viscosity data, and good agreement with first normal stress coefficient data. In particular, the shear viscosity data of PS13K as well as of two polystyrene melts with M = 10.5 kDa and M = 9.8 kDa investigated by Stratton Macromolecules 5 (3): 304–310, (1972) agree quantitatively with the universal mastercurve predicted by Narimissa and Wagner for unentangled melts, and approach a scaling of Wi−1/2at sufficiently high Weissenberg numbers Wi. Some deviations between model predictions and data are seen for stress growth and stress relaxation of shear stress and first normal stress difference, which may be attributed to limitations of the experimental data, and may also indicate limitations of the model due to the complex interactions of Rouse modes and glassy modes in the vicinity of the glass transition temperature.Graphical abstract
Bioprocessing and integration of a high flux screening systematic platform based on isothermal amplification for the detection on 8 common pathogens
Authors: Zhong Huamin , Deng Hongwei , Li Ming , Zhong Huahong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDuring a large variety of common pathogens,E. coli,P. aeruginosa, MRSA, MRCNS,V. parahaemolyticus,L. monocytogenesandSalmonellaare the leading pathogens responsible for large number of human infections and diseases. In this study, a high flux screening based on nucleic acid isothermal amplification technique has been developed. For the 8 common pathogens, species-specific targets had been selected and analyzed for their unique specificity. After optimization, separate LAMP reaction assays had been bioprocessed and integrated into one systematic detection platform, including 8 strips (PCR tubes) and 96-well plates. Eight standard strains verified for the accuracy. Application of the established high flux screening platform was used for detection for 48 samples in 4 different 96-well plates, with 2 groups of 2 operators using double-blind procedure. The accuracy of 100% was obtained, with the total time consumption as 66–75 min (for 12 samples detection on 8 different pathogens). As concluded, through the bioprocess of the systematic platform based on LAMP technique, it’s been demonstrated to be capable of simultaneous detection of 8 pathogens, with high sensitivity, specificity, rapidity and convenience.
New algebraic and geometric constructs arising from Fibonacci numbers
Authors: Caldarola Fabio , d’Atri Gianfranco , Maiolo Mario , Pirillo Giuseppe 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFibonacci numbers are the basis of a new geometric construction that leads to the definition of a family $$\{C_n:n\in \mathbb {N}\}$$

{

C
n

:
n
∈
N
}

of octagons that come very close to the regular octagon. Such octagons, in some previous articles, have been given the name of Carboncettus octagons for historical reasons. Going further, in this paper we want to introduce and investigate some algebraic constructs that arise from the family $$\{C_n:n\in \mathbb {N}\}$$

{

C
n

:
n
∈
N
}

and therefore from Fibonacci numbers: From each Carboncettus octagon $$C_n$$

C
n

, it is possible to obtain an infinite (right) word $$W_n$$

W
n

on the binary alphabet $$\{0,1\}$$

{
0
,
1
}

, which we will call the nth Carboncettus word. The main theorem shows that all the Carboncettus words thus defined are Sturmian words except in the case $$n=5$$

n
=
5

. The fifth Carboncettus word $$W_5$$

W
5

is in fact the only word of the family to be purely periodic: It has period 17 and periodic factor 000 100 100 010 010 01. Finally, we also define a further word $$W_{\infty }$$

W
∞

named the Carboncettus limit word and, as second main result, we prove that the limit of the sequence of Carboncettus words is $$W_{\infty }$$

W
∞

itself.
Knowledge, perceptions, and management of cancer-related fatigue: the patients' perspective
Authors: Schmidt Martina E. , Bergbold Susanne , Hermann Silke , Steindorf Karen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to assess cancer patients’ knowledge and perceptions regarding fatigue and to provide up-to-date information on the current fatigue management from the patients’ perspective.

Methods
The FiX study recruited 2508 cancer patients approximately 2 years after diagnosis via a cancer registry in Germany. Participants completed a questionnaire on their knowledge and perceptions of fatigue and the management received.

Results
More than half of respondents (58%), especially among the elderly patients, did not feel well informed about fatigue. Overall, 41% reported having never been asked about being exhausted by their treating physician. Even fewer patients stated that general practitioners or nurses have asked if they felt exhausted. Only 13% of patients who had experienced severe fatigue had received a fatigue assessment by means of a rating scale or questionnaire—although this is recommended by existing guidelines for fatigue screening. Health care professionals seemed less likely to address fatigue with elderly as well as female patients. The most commonly reported measure against fatigue was exercise or regular physical activity (68%). However, this was mostly done on patients’ own initiative. Psychological support was rarely used (13%) and only in approximately half of the cases upon the advice of a physician. Yoga, another promising intervention against fatigue, was performed by only 9% of patients.

Conclusions
Our study indicates deficits in terms of knowledge, education, screening, counseling, and treatment for fatigue and highlights starting points for targeted improvements in fatigue management based on patients’ needs.
Very high and low residual spenders in private health insurance markets: Germany, The Netherlands and the U.S. Marketplaces
Authors: McGuire Thomas G. , Schillo Sonja , van Kleef Richard C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe study the extremely high and low residual spenders in individual health insurance markets in three countries. A high (low) residual spender is someone for whom the residual—spending less payment (from premiums and risk adjustment)—is high (low), indicating that the person is highly underpaid (overpaid). We begin with descriptive analysis of the top and bottom 1% and 0.1% of residuals building to address the question of the degree of persistence in membership at the extremes. Common findings emerge among the countries. First, the diseases found among those with the highest residual spending are also disproportionately found among those with the lowest residual spending. Second, those at the top of the residual spending distribution (where spending exceeds payments the most) account for a massively high share of the unexplained variance in the predictions from the risk adjustment model. Third, in terms of persistence, we find that membership in the extremes of the residual spending distribution is highly persistent, raising concerns about selection-related incentives targeting these individuals. As our results show, the one-in-a-thousand people (on both sides of the residual distribution) play an outsized role in creating adverse incentives associated with health plan payment systems. In response to the observed importance of the extremes of the residual spending distribution, we propose an innovative combination of risk-pooling and reinsurance targeting the predictively undercompensated group. In all three countries, this form of risk sharing substantially improves the overall fit of payments to spending. Perhaps surprisingly, by reducing the burden on diagnostic indicators to predict high payments, our proposed risk sharing policy reduces the gap between payments and spending not only for the most undercompensated individuals but also for the most overcompensated people.
Multiscale characterization and micromechanical modeling of crop stem materials
Authors: Gangwar Tarun , Heuschele D. Jo , Annor George , Fok Alex , Smith Kevin P. , Schillinger Dominik 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn essential prerequisite for the efficient biomechanical tailoring of crops is to accurately relate mechanical behavior to compositional and morphological properties across different length scales. In this article, we develop a multiscale approach to predict macroscale stiffness and strength properties of crop stem materials from their hierarchical microstructure. We first discuss the experimental multiscale characterization based on microimaging (micro-CT, light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy) and chemical analysis, with a particular focus on oat stems. We then derive in detail a general micromechanics-based model of macroscale stiffness and strength. We specify our model for oats and validate it against a series of bending experiments that we conducted with oat stem samples. In the context of biomechanical tailoring, we demonstrate that our model can predict the effects of genetic modifications of microscale composition and morphology on macroscale mechanical properties of thale cress that is available in the literature.
Von-Neumann Finiteness and Reversibility in some Classes of Non-Associative Algebras
Authors: Darpö Erik , Nystedt Patrik 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe investigate criteria for von-Neumann finiteness and reversibility in some classes of non-associative algebras. Types of algebras that are studied include alternative, flexible, quadratic and involutive algebras, as well as algebras obtained by the Cayley–Dickson doubling process. Our results include precise criteria for von-Neumann finiteness and reversibility of involutive algebras in terms of isomorphism types of their 3-dimensional subalgebras.