bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic evidence of pollen selection mediated phenotypic changes in maize conferring transgenerational heat‐stress tolerance
Authors: Singh Ashutosh , Antre Suresh H. , Ravikumar Rampura Laxmipathi , Kuchanur P. H. , Lohithaswa Hirenallur Chandappa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractStructural genes of pollen are expressed in both sporophytic and gametophytic generations. This genetic overlap makes possible superior pollen genotype selection. Pollen selection is more effective than sporophytic selection since more pollen grains can be exposed to selection pressure at the haploid level. In this study, selection pressure was applied in the F1 generation at the pollen level for heat tolerance. The frequencies of heat‐tolerant plants were studied for seed yield in F2 and F3 generations and for seedling heat tolerance in F4 generations. The heat‐susceptible inbred line BTM4 was crossed to heat‐tolerant inbred line BTM6 of maize (Zea mays L.). In response to heat stress, we compared F2 plants produced by selfing of heat‐stressed pollen grains and without heat‐stressed pollen grains. The resulting F2 plants from heat‐stressed pollen grains showed significantly higher seed yield per plant (5.41 ± 0.31 g) than control F2 (2.90 ± 0.19 g) populations under stress. The selected and control F2 plants were also subjected to genotyping using simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. We observed that the frequency of alleles from tolerant parents was higher in selected F2 populations, providing genetic evidence for positive effect of pollen selection. The heat tolerance of F4 generation progenies of the same cross suggested that the cyclic pollen selection for heat tolerance in F1, F2, and F3 generations has significantly improved the tolerance of progenies. The results from this study demonstrate that the feasibility of this approach seems to be promising for hastening the incorporation of desirable alleles in a short time.
Genotype × environment interaction and stability of β‐glucan content in barley in the Palouse region of eastern Washington
Authors: Choi Halle , Esser Aaron , Murphy Kevin M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGenotype by environment (G × E) interactions for the dietary fiber β‐glucan, one of the deciding factors for the end use of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain, are not well understood. The objectives of this study were (a) to investigate G × E interactions for β‐glucan content of diverse barley genotypes across dryland grain‐producing environments in eastern Washington, and (b) to determine the range and stability of β‐glucan content exhibited across precipitation zones. We examined 17 two‐row, spring barley varieties and breeding lines across eight locations for β‐glucan, protein, and yield in 2017 and 2018. β‐glucan ranged from 1.81 to 7.18 (%, w/w), with a mean of 4.01 (%, w/w). Genotype × year (Y), G × location (L), L × Y, and G × E (G × L × Y) interactions were found for β‐glucan. Univariate models including the regression model with slope (bi) and deviation from regression (), Wricke's ecovalence stability index (), and Shukla's stability variance () agreed that there was moderate rank stability amongst genotypes. Data generated through this research will provide a better understanding of which cultivars that farmers can grow in their area will meet industry targets and standards for both food and malt barley.
Flow cytometric evaluation of TRBC1 expression in tissue specimens and body fluids is a novel and specific method for assessment of T‐cell clonality and diagnosis of T‐cell neoplasms
Authors: Berg Holly , Otteson Gregory E. , Corley Heidi , Shi Min , Horna Pedro , Jevremovic Dragan , Olteanu Horatiu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundFlow cytometric detection of T‐cell clonality is challenging. The current available methodology for T‐cell receptor (TCR) Vβ repertoire evaluation is a complex assay and has limited sensitivity especially for detecting low levels of disease. Therefore, there is an unmet need for a reliable, simple, and rapid assay to identify T‐cell clonality. The rearrangement of the TCRB gene involves the random and mutually exclusive expression of one of two constant β chain genes (TRBC1 and TRBC2), analogous to the kappa and lambda gene utilization by B cells.MethodsHere, we used a single TRBC1 antibody, in conjunction with other T‐cell associated markers, to detect T‐cell clonality in tissue biopsies and body fluids. A total of 143 tissue/body fluid specimens from 46 patients with a definitive diagnosis of a T‐cell neoplasm and 97 patients with no T‐cell malignancy were analyzed with a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies including CD2/CD3/CD4/CD5/CD7/CD8/CD45/TCRγδ/TRBC1.ResultsWe examined TRBC1 expression on neoplastic T‐cell populations identified based on their immunophenotypic aberrancies, and monotypic TRBC1 expression was identified in all 46 known T‐cell lymphoma cases. We applied a similar gating strategy to the 97 cases without T‐cell neoplasms, and arbitrarily dissected T‐cell populations into immunophenotypically distinct subsets; in this group, we found that all cases revealed an expected polytypic TRBC1 expression in all subsets.ConclusionsSingle TRBC1 antibody detection of T‐cell clonality by flow cytometry is a simple, rapid, and robust assay that could be routinely utilized in flow cytometric laboratories.
Design of near‐optimal local likelihood search‐based detection algorithm for coded large‐scale MU‐MIMO system
Authors: Challa Naga Raju , Bagadi Kalapraveen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMassive multiuser multiple input multiple output (MU‐MIMO) system is aimed to improve throughput and spectral efficiency through a large number of antennas incorporated at the transmitter and/or receiver. However, the MU‐MIMO system usually suffers from interantenna interference (IAI) and multiuser interference (MUI). The IAI imposes due to closely spaced antennas at each user equipment (UE), and MUI is enforced when one user comes under the vicinity of another user in the same cellular network. Most of the previous literatures considered any one of these interferences. However, the present work proposes singular value decomposition (SVD) precoding‐assisted user‐level local likelihood ascent search (LLAS) algorithm to mitigate both IAI and MUI. In the uplink MU‐MIMO, the IAI is cancelled by SVD, and the residual MUI is mitigated by LLAS detection. The LLAS detection balances the trade‐off between the classical suboptimal likelihood ascent search (LAS) and optimal maximum likelihood (ML) detection techniques. The proposed LLAS performs local search among all 2MT‐dimensional neighborhood vectors at each UE, where MT represents number of transmitting antennas of each UE. Thus, its performance is near optimal, and its complexity is much lower than ML detector.
Does cervicovaginal cytology have a role in the diagnosis and surveillance of endometrial adenocarcinoma?
Authors: Kilic Derya , Yetimalar Mehmet Hakan , Bezircioglu Incim , Yigit Seyran 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the role of cervicovaginal cytology in diagnoses and surveillance of the patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC).MethodsPatients who underwent EC surgery that included a follow‐up were reviewed retrospectively. The cohort was limited to the patients who had an available cervical cytology result within 12 months before the primary surgery took place. The glandular abnormalities were classified in the following subclassifications: “atypical glandular cells” (AGC)‐not otherwise specified (NOS), AGC‐favor neoplasia, endocervical AIS, and adenocarcinoma.ResultsA total of 411 patients were eligible for the study. The cervical cytology was found to be normal and recorded as negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy in 368 (89.5%) patients. In 43 (10.5%) patients, cervical cytology was interpreted as: AGC‐NOS (n = 11), AGC‐FN (n = 7), adenocarcinoma (n = 20), malignant epithelial tumor (n = 3), and squamous carcinoma (n = 2). During the follow‐up, recurrence was observed in 53 (12.9%) patients. Among six isolated vaginal cuff recurrences, two of the cases presented with malignant cytology, and the additional four cases were suspected during clinical examination. Among women with recurrence (n = 53), there were malignant cytological findings in four of the patients. In the whole population (n = 411), there were four other abnormal cytological findings detected within the surveillance. These four cytology results were nonmalignant and no recurrence was identified.ConclusionThere is no significant clinical advantage of cervicovaginal cytology testing before diagnosis or during the surveillance of EC.
Tropical tree size–frequency distributions from airborne lidar
Authors: Ferraz António , Saatchi Sassan S. , Longo Marcos , Clark David B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn tropical rainforests, tree size and number density are influenced by disturbance history, soil, topography, climate, and biological factors that are difficult to predict without detailed and widespread forest inventory data. Here, we quantify tree size–frequency distributions over an old‐growth wet tropical forest at the La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica by using an individual tree crown (ITC) algorithm on airborne lidar measurements. The ITC provided tree height, crown area, the number of trees >10 m height and, predicted tree diameter, and aboveground biomass from field allometry. The number density showed strong agreement with field observations at the plot‐ (97.4%; 3% bias) and tree‐height‐classes level (97.4%; 3% bias). The lidar trees size spectra of tree diameter and height closely follow the distributions measured on the ground but showed less agreement with crown area observations. The model to convert lidar‐derived tree height and crown area to tree diameter produced unbiased (0.8%) estimates of plot‐level basal area and with low uncertainty (6%). Predictions on basal area for tree height classes were also unbiased (1.3%) but with larger uncertainties (22%). The biomass estimates had no significant bias at the plot‐ and tree‐height‐classes level (−5.2% and 2.1%). Our ITC method provides a powerful tool for tree‐ to landscape‐level tropical forest inventory and biomass estimation by overcoming the limitations of lidar area‐based approaches that require local calibration using a large number of inventory plots.
Ecological traits and the spatial structure of competitive coexistence among carnivores
Authors: Monterroso Pedro , Díaz‐Ruiz Francisco , Lukacs Paul M. , Alves Paulo C. , Ferreras Pablo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCompetition is a widespread interaction among carnivores, ultimately manifested through one or more dimensions of the species' ecological niche. One of the most explicit manifestations of competitive interactions regards spatial displacement. Its interpretation under a theoretical context provides an important tool to deepen our understanding of biological systems and communities, but also for wildlife management and conservation. We used Bayesian multispecies occupancy models on camera‐trapping data from multiple sites in Southwestern Europe (SWE) to investigate competitive interactions within a carnivore guild, and to evaluate how species' ecological traits are shaping coexistence patterns. Seventeen out of 26 pairwise interactions departed from a hypothesis of independent occurrence, with spatial association being twice as frequent as avoidance. Association behaviors were only detected among mesocarnivores, while avoidance mainly involved mesocarnivores avoiding the apex predator (n = 4) and mesocarnivore‐only interactions (n = 2). Body mass ratios, defined as the dominant over the subordinate species body mass, revealed an important negative effect (

) on co‐occurrence probability, and support that spatially explicit competitive interactions are mostly expressed by larger species able to dominate over smaller ones, with a threshold in body mass ratios of ~4, above which local‐scale intraguild coexistence is unlikely. We found a weak relationship between pairwise trophic niche overlap and the probability of coexistence (

), suggesting that competition for feeding resources may not be a key driver of competition, at least at the scale of our analysis. Despite local‐scale avoidance, regional‐scale coexistence appears to be maintained by the spatial structuring of the competitive environment. We provide evidence that SWE ecosystems consist of spatially structured competitive environments, and propose that coexistence among near‐sized species is likely achieved through the interplay of “facultative” and “behavioral” character displacements. Factors influencing carnivore coexistence likely include context‐dependent density and trait‐mediated effects, which should be carefully considered for a sound understanding of the mechanisms regulating these communities.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Investigation of Tetra Amino Cobalt (II) Phthalocyanine Functionalized Polyaniline Nanofiber for the Selective Detection of Dopamine
Authors: Sudhakara Sarvajith Malali , Kotresh Harish Makri Nimbegondi , Devendrachari Mruthyunjayachari Chattanahalli , Khan Fasiulla 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA new electrochemical sensing platform based on tetra‐amino cobalt (II) phthalocyanine (TACoPc) ingrained polyaniline (PANI) nanofiber composite (TACoPc/PANI hybrid) has been developed for the selective detection of dopamine. The uniform fibrous network of PANI/TACoPc hybrid was synthesized by a one‐step oxidative polymerization at room temperature. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX), fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and UV‐Visible spectroscopy. The electrochemical behavior of the TACoPc/PANI hybrid material was studied by using different electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) of pH 7 by modifying the glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Due to the synergistic impact of PANI and TACoPc, the suggested altered electrode provided superior catalytic performance for dopamine even in the presence of ascorbic acid. It exhibited a linear reaction with a high sensitivity of 1.212 μA/μM cm−2 and a low detection limit of 0.064 μM over the 20–200 μM concentration range in 0.1 M PBS. One of the commonly faced problems of interference of ascorbic acid and uric acid in the electrochemical detection of dopamine was completely excluded from this modified electrode which led to an increase in the catalytic activity of the material for the detection of dopamine in the presence of ascorbic acid.
Temperature effects on electrical double layer at solid‐aqueous solution interface
Authors: Alizadeh Amer , Wang Moran 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite the significant influence of solution temperature on the structure of electrical double layer, the lack of theoretical model intercepts us to explain and predict the interesting experimental observations. In this work, we study the structure of electrical double layer as a function of thermochemical properties of the solution by proposing a phenomenological temperature dependent surface complexation model. We found that by introducing a buffer layer between the diffuse layer and stern layer, one can explain the sensitivity of zeta potential to temperature for different bulk ion concentrations. Calculation of the electrical conductance as function of thermochemical properties of solution reveals the electrical conductance not only is a function of bulk ion concentration and channel height but also the solution temperature. The present work model can provide deep understanding of micro‐ and nanofluidic devices functionality at different temperatures.
Magnetic nanoparticles in microfluidic and sensing: From transport to detection
Authors: Khizar Sumera , Ben Halima Hamdi , Ahmad Nasir M. , Zine Nadia , Errachid Abdelhamid , Elaissari Abdelhamid 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSuperparamagnetic nanoparticles are attracting significant attention. Therefore, being explored in microsystems for a wide range of applications. Typical examples include lab‐on‐a‐chip and microfluidics for synthesis, detection, separation, and transportation of different bioanalytes, such as biomolecules, cells, and viruses to develop portable, sensitive, and cost‐effective biosensing systems. Particularly, microfluidic systems incorporated with magnetic nanoparticles and, in combination with magnetoresistive sensors, shift diagnostic and analytical methods to a microscale level. In this context, nanotechnology enables the miniaturization and integration of a variety of analytical functions in a single chip for manipulation, detection, and recognition of bioanalytes reliably and flexibly. In consideration of the above, recent development and benefits are elaborated herein to discuss the role of magnetic nanoparticles inside the microchannels to design highly efficient disposable point‐of‐care applications from transportation to the detection of bioanalytes.
Accuracy improvement of electrochemical whole blood ketone sensor based on HCT compensation algorithm
Authors: Zhao Ying , Gu Hui , Li Hongchun , Huang Lei , Cen Xiaobo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this manuscript, we demonstrated an electrochemical test strip with HCT (hematocrit) compensation algorithm to improve the accuracy of blood ketone sensor. In the conventional electrochemical sensor, the electrochemical current was directly resolved into the concentration value of the determinant without HCT compensation. For lower or higher HCT blood sample, the measured result was inaccurate. In the proposed design, the blood impedance can be measured to estimate the HCT, which was utilized to compensate the electrochemical current to resolve the more accurate concentration of determinant. The practical blood sample tests demonstrated the proposed design can provide more believable and reliable measured result in clinical point‐of‐care setting.
Development and Calibration of the Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler (POCIS) for Neonicotinoid Pesticides
Authors: Noro Kazushi , Endo Satoshi , Shikano Yohei , Banno Arisa , Yabuki Yoshinori 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Neonicotinoid pesticides are highly hydrophilic systemic insecticides that have been extensively used worldwide. To evaluate their environmental risks, the concentrations of these pesticides in the aquatic environment must be monitored. Although the polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) has proved to be a suitable passive sampler for many highly hydrophilic compounds, Oasis HLB (Waters) POCIS has shown limitations for the monitoring of neonicotinoid pesticides, such as short linear uptake ranges. In the present study we optimized POCIS for neonicotinoid pesticides by selecting suitable adsorbents and filters. The ENVI-Carb (Supelco) nonporous carbon-based adsorbent demonstrated a good balance between strong sorption and high recovery. Static renewal experiments showed that the our POCIS device using ENVI-Carb with a polyethersulfone membrane filter had a 3 d (dinotefuran) to 28 d (clothianidin, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid) linear range, which is longer than that of HLB POCIS (≤1 [dinotefuran] to 14 d). The POCIS using ENVI-Carb with a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane had higher sampling rates (0.270 L/d [clothianidin] to 0.686 [imidacloprid] L/d) than those of the HLB POCIS for short-term deployment. The time-weighted average concentrations in actual river water measured by the new POCIS were in good agreement with those obtained by repeated grab sampling, within 30%. Moreover, POCIS detected 2 neonicotinoid pesticides that were not detected by grab sampling. Thus, the proposed POCIS is a promising tool for the monitoring of neonicotinoid pesticides. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1325–1333. © 2020 SETAC
Performance analysis of a self‐protection system for vehicles in case of WUI fire entrapment
Authors: Pastor Elsa , Àgueda Alba , Sebastià Juan , Mata Christian , Valero Mario M. , Planas Eulàlia 
Published: April 2020

SummaryWe present the experimental performance analysis of a fire protection fabric for cars designed to protect people's life in case of fire entrapment. Two experimental burns were executed to simulate heat and smoke exposure conditions in case of vehicle entrapment in a rural road. For the first experimental burn, a 2‐m high fuel bed of pine slash was arranged in a 13 m × 6 m area. Fire was ignited at one end of the fuel bed and spread wind driven (3 m/s midflame wind speed). 2.8 m away from the other fuel bed end, a car covered with the fabric was placed parallel to the fire. Data analysis provided values of fire behavior and flame characteristics, being typical of wildfires of moderate intensity (1800 kW/m). Maximum air temperatures inside the vehicle ranged around 41°C to 42.5°C, providing evidence of the fabric's good performance. To evaluate the degree of protection against smoke, air change rates were estimated with and without the fabric covering the car. Also, an experimental burn similar to the previous one was executed to monitor CO2 and CO concentrations inside the car. Tenable conditions for these gases were maintained during the whole test according to reviewed exposure criteria.
The chemical structure of a 30 cm methanol pool fire
Authors: Falkenstein‐Smith Ryan , Sung Kunhyuk , Chen Jian , Hamins Anthony 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThis study documents a series of time‐averaged gas species measurements made along the centerline of a 30 cm methanol pool fire steadily burning in a quiescent environment. All gas species measurements were obtained using a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer system (GC/MS). Measurements were made at different heights along the centerline of the fire and repeated at least twice for each location. Gas species volume fractions were determined via the GC/MS using predetermined calibration factors. The gas species volume fractions were compared at different heights within the methanol fire.
Mapping the EORTC QLQ‐C30 and QLQ‐H&N35, onto EQ‐5D‐5L and HUI‐3 indices in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Noel Christopher W. , Stephens Robert F. , Su Jie (Susie) , Xu Wei , Krahn Murray , Monteiro Eric , Goldstein David P. , Giuliani Meredith , Hansen Aaron R. , de Almeida John R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to develop mapping functions that use EORTC responses to approximate health utility (HU) scores for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsIn total, 209 outpatients with HNC completed the EORTC QLQ‐C30 & QLQ‐H&N35 (EORTC), EQ‐5D‐5L and the HUI‐3. Results of the EORTC were mapped onto both EQ‐5D‐5L and HUI‐3 scores using ordinary least squares regression and two‐part models.ResultsThe OLS model mapping EORTC onto the EQ‐5D‐5L performed best (adjusted R2 = .75, 10‐fold cross‐validation RMSE = 0.064, MAE 0.050). The HUI‐3 model mapping onto EORTC through OLS was more limited (adjusted R2 = .5746, 10‐fold cross cross‐validation RMSE = 0.168, MAE 0.080). The EQ‐5D‐5L model was able to discriminate between certain clinical indices of disease severity on subgroup analysis.ConclusionThe EORTC to EQ‐5D‐5L mapping algorithm has good predictive validity and may enable researchers to translate EORTC scores into HU scores for head and neck patients with cancer.