bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR‐325‐3p inhibits renal inflammation and fibrosis by targeting CCL19 in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Sun Jiping , Wang Jing , Lu Wanhong , Xie Liyi , Lv Jing , Li Huixian , Yang Shifeng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN), a common cardiovascular disease, has been a global health threat. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proposed to frequently participate in the occurrence and development of DN, however, the role of miR‐325‐3p in DN remains uncharacterized. Our research aimed to explore the function and mechanism of miR‐325‐3p in DN. Bioinformatics analysis (Targetscan, http://www.targetscan.org) and a wide range of experiments including RT‐qPCR, CCK‐8 assay, western blot, luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, urine protein and blood glucose assays, histology analysis and morphometric analysis were used to explore the function and mechanism of miR‐325‐3p and C‐C motif chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19). CCL19 could facilitate the progression of DN by inhibiting cell viability and promoting inflammation and fibrosis in HK‐2 and HMC cells. In addition, CCL19 was confirmed to be targeted and negatively regulated by miR‐325‐3p. Rescue assays validated that the impacts of miR‐325‐3p mimics on the viability, inflammation and fibrosis of HK‐2 and HMC cells were recovered by CCL19 overexpression. To sum up, miR‐325‐3p inhibits renal inflammation and fibrosis by targeting CCL19 in a DN cell model and mice model, implying miR‐325‐3p as a possible therapeutic target for DN treatment.
Magnetic resonance imaging measurement of placental perfusion and oxygen saturation in early‐onset fetal growth restriction
Authors: Aughwane R , Mufti N , Flouri D , Maksym K , Spencer R , Sokolska M , Kendall G , Atkinson D , Bainbridge A , Deprest J , Vercauteren T , Ourselin S , David AL , Melbourne A 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveWe hypothesised that a multi‐compartment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that is sensitive to fetal blood oxygenation would identify changes in placental blood volume and fetal blood oxygenation in pregnancies complicated by early‐onset fetal growth restriction (FGR).DesignCase–control study.SettingLondon, UK.PopulationWomen with uncomplicated pregnancies (estimated fetal weight [EFW] >10th centile for gestational age [GA] and normal maternal and fetal Doppler ultrasound, n = 12) or early‐onset FGR (EFW <3rd centile with or without abnormal Doppler ultrasound <32 weeks GA, n = 12) were studied.MethodsAll women underwent MRI examination. Using a multi‐compartment MRI technique, we quantified fetal and maternal blood volume and feto‐placental blood oxygenation.Main outcome measuresDisease severity was stratified according to Doppler pulsatility index and the relationship to the MRI parameters was investigated, including the influence of GA at scan.ResultsThe FGR group (mean GA 27+5 weeks, range 24+2 to 33+6 weeks) had a significantly lower EFW compared with the control group (mean GA 29+1 weeks; −705 g, 95% CI −353 to −1057 g). MRI‐derived feto‐placental oxygen saturation was higher in controls compared with FGR (75 ± 9.6% versus 56 ± 16.2%, P = 0.02, 95% CI 7.8–30.3%). Feto‐placental oxygen saturation estimation correlated strongly with GA at scan in controls (r = −0.83).ConclusionUsing a novel multimodal MRI protocol we demonstrated reduced feto‐placental blood oxygen saturation in pregnancies complicated by early‐onset FGR. The degree of abnormality correlated with disease severity defined by ultrasound Doppler findings. Gestational age‐dependent changes in oxygen saturation were also present in normal pregnancies.Tweetable abstractMRI reveals differences in feto‐placental oxygen saturation between normal and FGR pregnancy that is associated with disease severity.
Asphyxia Homicides in Finland, 1983–2012
Authors: Wahlsten Pia , Eriksson Anders 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFinland has one of the highest homicide rates in Western Europe, and almost every tenth homicide is caused by asphyxiation. Reliable statistics, a strict legislation, and an exceptionally high medico‐legal autopsy rate formed a base for a nationwide analysis of asphyxia homicides (n = 383) during 30 years. The cases were identified through multiple records, and all the forensic pathology case files were studied in detail. In more than one out of five cases, there were indications of staging, and the homicide was revealed first at autopsy in close to one in ten cases. The vast majority of the homicides took place in private locations and involved persons known to each other. Every third victim was an intimate partner, and every tenth a child. Almost half of the victims died from manual strangulation, one in three from ligature strangulation. Smothering, choking, neck compression with a firm object, and thoracic compression were more rare methods. Drownings were excluded from this study material. Of all the victims, 7% had no observable external injuries. Petechiae were recorded in approximately in 61%, laryngohyoid fractures in 47%, and vocal cord hemorrhages in 16% of the cases. Every tenth female victim had genital injuries. Toxicological analyses were performed in close to all of the cases, and almost three out of four victims tested positive for blood alcohol. The various aspects of the demographics and autopsy findings covered in this study contribute reliable and accurate data to further strengthen the spectrum of observable medico‐legal characteristics of asphyxia homicides.
Model based optimization of transflection near infrared spectroscopy as a process analytical tool in a continuous flash pasteurizer
Authors: Weishaupt Imke , Zimmer Manuel , Neubauer Peter , Schneider Jan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNear infrared spectroscopy in combination with a transflection probe was investigated as inline measurement in a continuous flash pasteurizer system with a sugar–water model solution. Robustness and reproducibility of fluctuations of recorded spectra as well as trueness of the chemometric analysis were compared under different process parameter settings. Variable parameters were the flow rate (from laminar flow at 30 L/h to turbulent flow at 90 L/h), temperature (20 to 100 °C) and the path length of the transflection probe (2 and 4 mm) while the pressure was kept constant at 2.5 bar. Temperature and path length were identified as the most affecting parameters, in case of homogenous test medium. In case of particle containing systems, the flow rate could have an impact as well. However, the application of a PLS model, which includes a broad temperature range, and the correction of prediction results by applying a polynomial regression function for prediction errors, was able to compensate these effects. Also, a path length of 2 mm leads to a higher accuracy. The applied strategy shows that by the identification of relevant process parameters and settings as well as the establishment of a compensation strategy, near infrared spectroscopy is a powerful process analytical tool for continuous flash pasteurization systems.
Editorial: simultaneous prolonged monitoring of the acid pocket and oesophageal reflux
Authors: Katz Philip O. , Castell Donald O. 
Published: June 2020

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Deraman et al and Ma et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15746 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15835.
The Role of Organizational Factors in Mobilizing Professionals: Evidence from Nurse Unions in the United States and Germany
Authors: Krachler Nick , Auffenberg Jennie , Wolf Luigi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractScholars have intensely debated the conditions under which trade unions can successfully mobilize professionals. We explore an internationally comparative perspective on mobilizing professionals by asking how two nurse unions in the United States and Germany successfully limited management's prerogative over staffing levels. We found that German national institutions had little influence over the bargaining process; instead, factors at the level of organizations and their environment (leadership support, organizational restructuring, coalition‐building with supportive stakeholders and framing) enabled mobilization. Based on a power resources perspective, we conclude that unions can mobilize professionals using militancy, even without much support from national institutions.
Bootstrap tests for structural breaks when the regressors and the serially correlated error term are unstable
Authors: Lee Dong Jin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStructural break problems in linear regression coefficients are often accompanied by the instabilities of the regressors and/or the serially correlated error term such as structural changes in their marginal distributions. In these circumstances, we find that existing tests as well as Hansen (2000)'s fixed regressor bootstrap have serious size distortions, although the latter is designed to overcome the unstable regressors. To tackle this problem, we propose a method that combines the fixed regressor bootstrap and the sieve wild bootstrap. We show that the sieve wild bootstrap asymptotically replicates a broad set of serially correlated unstable error processes. Using that the fixed regressor bootstrap is designed to capture the instability of the regressors, the mixture of the two is then shown to provide correct asymptotic critical values of the existing tests in various feasible nonstandard cases. Monte Carlo experiments show significant improvements in size and power.
American society through the prism of the Walker Tariff of 1846
Authors: Rowe Christopher 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article analyses the reduction in duties under US President James Polk, enshrined in the Walker Tariff of 1846, as a proxy for understanding the interrelationship between the executive, the legislature, and broader societal developments. It concludes that congressional debates on the subject were constrained by three parameters: the perceived threat of sectionalism, fears of international belligerence, and the legacy of colonialism. First, memories of the earlier Nullification Crisis of 1833 determined that the political discourse was characterised by a striking emphasis on national unity. Second, contrary to the usual association of free trade with peace, the Walker Tariff was necessarily debated in terms of compatibility with ongoing warfare. Lastly, Britain's shadow coloured congressional language, with both sides exploiting simultaneous reductions of tariffs in the former colonising power to advance their rhetorical ends.
On Prayer in Anglican Systematic Theology
Authors: Cocksworth Ashley 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFor an ecclesial tradition that does not have a particularly strong history of systematic theology, it is curious that several of those currently engaged in the production of large‐scale, multi‐volume projects of systematic theology are Anglican theologians. In this article, I investigate three such projects: Sarah Coakley’s God, Sexuality and the Self: An Essay ‘On the Trinity’, Graham Ward’s How the Light Gets In: Ethical Life I, and Katherine Sonderegger’s Systematic Theology – Vol. 1: The Doctrine of God. In the first section, I examine these examples of systematic theology in light of Stephen Sykes’s analysis of the state of the discipline in Anglican theology. Then, in the second section, I identify a common characteristic shared by Coakley, Ward, and Sonderegger: the grounding of systematic theology in the practice of prayer. I argue that although these contemporary systematicians might not see themselves as enunciating an Anglican systematics, the systematic seriousness they accord to matters of prayer can be interpreted as articulations of the Anglican propensity to grant theological priority to the liturgy. In the final section, I suggest that for all the theological opportunities made available by the systematic reclamation of prayer, these invariably positive embraces of prayer leave little space for what might be called the Schattenseite of prayer. There is a ‘shadow‐side’ to the history and practice of prayer that I argue needs to be appropriately theorized if the category of prayer is to have a future in the discipline of systematic theology.
Fotografías de las generaciones jóvenes en el mercado laboral neerlandés
Authors: BEKKER Sonja , POP Ioana 
Published: June 2020

ResumenAnte el declive generalizado de la relación de trabajo estándar y sus efectos particulares en los jóvenes, se examinan aquí en detalle las trayectorias laborales de los trabajadores al inicio de su carrera en los Países Bajos entre 1985 y 2015 mediante el enfoque del análisis secuencial del ciclo vital. Tras calcular dos indicadores de inestabilidad (índices de entropía y de turbulencia), se observa que las cohortes que iniciaron su vida activa después de 2000 y, en particular, 2008 experimentan mayor inestabilidad laboral a pesar de las políticas de flexiseguridad aplicadas. Las transiciones hacia el empleo estable son la excepción al final del periodo estudiado.
IS DIVERSIFICATION A JOB SAFETY NET FOR SELL‐SIDE ANALYSTS?
Authors: Balashov Vadim S. , DeVides Zhanel B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe study sell‐side analysts’ motives to diversify their portfolios across industries. Despite the negative association between diversification and accuracy, more than 60% of analysts cover multiple industries. We argue that analysts’ choice to diversify is rooted in concerns about future job security. We find that more diversified analysts are less likely to experience job turnover and leave the profession but are not more likely to advance their careers. For experienced and all‐star analysts, diversification does not improve career outcomes. We conclude that industry diversification is a safety mechanism for inexperienced and unranked analysts who are concerned about job security.
“Masking” our emotions: Botulinum toxin, facial expression, and well‐being in the age of COVID‐19
Authors: Nestor Mark S. , Fischer Daniel , Arnold David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe globally devastating effects of COVID‐19 breach not only the realm of public health, but of psychosocial interaction and communication as well, particularly with the advent of mask‐wearing.MethodsA review of the literature and understanding of facial anatomy and expressions as well as the effect of botulinum toxin on emotions and nonverbal communication.ResultsToday, the mask has become a semi‐permanent accessory to the face, blocking our ability to express and perceive each other’s facial expressions by dividing it into a visible top half and invisible bottom half. This significantly restricts our ability to accurately interpret emotions based on facial expressions and strengthens our perceptions of negative emotions produced by frowning. The addition of botulinum toxin (BTX)–induced facial muscle paralysis to target the muscles of the top (visible) half of the face, especially the corrugator and procerus muscles, may act as a therapeutic solution by its suppression of glabellar lines and our ability to frown. The treatment of the glabella complex not only has been shown to inhibit the negative emotions of the treated individual but also can reduce the negative emotions in those who come in contact with the treated individual.ConclusionsMask‐wearing in the wake of COVID‐19 brings new challenges to our ability to communicate and perceive emotion through full facial expression, our most effective and universally shared form of communication, and BTX may offer a positive solution to decrease negative emotions and promote well‐being for both the mask‐wearer and all who come in contact with that individual.
Systemic complement activation in anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Authors: Bantis Kostas , Stangou Maria , Kalpakidis Savvas , Hatziadamou Maria , Daikidou Dimitra‐Vasilia , Lioulios George , Mitsoglou Zoi , Chatzidrosou Helen , Nikolaidou Christina , Fylaktou Asimina , Papagianni Aikaterini 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimDue to the accumulating evidence of complement activation in anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV), we decided to investigate the possibility of systemic complement activation in patients with Necrotizing Glomerulonephritis secondary to AAV.MethodsClinical, laboratory and histological findings, and serum levels of complement components, C3a, C5a and Bb fragment of Factor B and C4d, were estimated in patients with AAV and glomerulonephritis, at time of diagnosis, before any treatment had been applied. All patients were treated with the same immunosuppressive protocol and followed up for total 24 months. Twenty age and sex matched healthy individuals served as controls.ResultsSerum levels of all complement components were significantly increased in patients, compared to controls; C5a: 19.9(0.02‐48) vs 9.06(2.1‐16.3)pg/mL, P = .002, Bb: 7.3(0.02‐31.4) vs 0.2(0.02‐1.6)pg/mL, P < .0001, C3a: 4.7(0.4‐7.2) vs 2.4(1.09‐5)pg/mL, P = .05 and C4d: 11.6(0.07‐70) vs 0.7(0.07‐8.2)pg/mL, P = .001, respectively. There was strong correlation between serum Bb levels and eGFR and FFS2009 score at time of diagnosis (r = −.41, P = .002 and r = .41, P = .003 respectively). Also, serum Bb levels were increased in patients with severe interstitial infiltration (P = .04) and focal necrosis (P = .01) on renal biopsy. Serum Bb levels could also predict renal function outcome during the acute phase of disease, but not at the end of follow up.ConclusionWe provided strong evidence of systemic activation of complement alternative pathway in the development and progression of AAV and glomerulonephritis. Serum Bb seem to play a critical role in the induction, also predicting disease activity and outcome, yet activation of classical pathway cannot be excluded.
MicroRNA‐mediated inflammation and coagulation effects in rats exposed to an inhaled analog of sulfur mustard
Authors: Rana Tapasi , Ahmad Aamir , Zafar Iram , Mariappan Nithya , Chandrashekar Darshan Shimoga , Hamid Tariq , Husain Maroof , Varambally Sooryanarayana , Ahmad Shama , Ahmad Aftab 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExposure of rats to 2‐chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), an analog of sulfur mustard, can cause acute lung injury (ALI), resulting in increased inflammation and coagulation and altered levels of plasma microRNAs (miRNAs). Rats were exposed to aerosolized CEES and euthanized 12 h later for collection of tissue and plasma. Profiling of miRNAs in plasma, using a TaqMan‐based RT‐PCR array, revealed 14 differentially expressed miRNAs. Target gene prediction and pathway analysis revealed miRNA‐mediated regulation of organismal injury, inflammation, and respiratory diseases. miR‐140‐5p, a marker of ALI, was downregulated in the plasma, lung, liver, and kidney of CEES‐exposed rats, with a concomitant increase in the expression of the inflammation markers IL‐6 and IL‐1α and the coagulation marker tissue factor (F3). Exposure of rat airway epithelial cells (RL‐65) to CEES (0.5 mM) caused cell death and a decrease in miR‐140‐5p both in cells and media supernatant. This was accompanied by an increase in cellular mRNA levels of IL‐6, IL‐1α, and F3, as well as FGF9 and EGR2, putative targets of miR‐140. Knockdown of miR‐140 by specific oligos in RL‐65 cells mimicked the in vivo CEES‐mediated effects, leading to significantly increased mRNA levels of IL‐6, IL‐1α, F3, FGF9, and EGR2. Our study identifies miR‐140‐5p as a mediator of CEES‐induced ALI, which could potentially be targeted for therapy.
Prevention of adhesive capsulitis following pacemaker implantation: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Jorat Mohammad Vahid , Namayandeh Seyedeh Mahdieh , Mehdipour Namdar Zahra , Aslani Amir 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionGradual painful loss of active and passive range of motion in shoulder joint was introduced as adhesive capsulitis (AC). Disabilities in patients with AC are absenteeism from work, loss to leisure time, and recurrent seeking to health care services. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of AC following pacemaker implementation. The effect of physical therapy and exercise education was also evaluated to prevent AC following pacemaker implementation.MethodsThis study is a randomized clinical controlled trial. It was conducted on 62 pacemaker candidates. Patients with no shoulder pain and without any motion limits were enrolled in the study consecutively. The patients randomly were divided into two groups after pacemaker implementation. One group was treated with physical therapy (group A, n = 28) and the other group did not (group B, n = 34). The incidence of AC was assessed in both groups after 4 months.ResultsA total of 62 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 63.2 ± 12.1 years in the group A and 67.1 ± 17.6 years in the group B. Age was not significantly different between groups. A total of 11 patients (17.7%) had AC 16 weeks after the initial visit (two patients in group A and nine patients in group B; P = .004).ConclusionsIncidence of AC is 17.7% following device implantation. Exercise education and physical therapy significantly reduces AC incidence following pacemaker implantation.
Petroleum jelly baths: A tip for easy emollient application
Authors: Baltz Julia O. , Franciosi Ellen B. , Wiss Karen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPetroleum jelly has long been a favorite treatment option of dermatologists for atopic dermatitis, despite complaints of “greasiness” by patients and their parents. Here, we describe a simple application method that effectively traps moisture against the skin while leaving behind only a thin layer of product, thus eliminating the “greasiness” associated with petroleum jelly.
Allergic contact dermatitis to immobilization mask used in radiation therapy
Authors: Haddock Ellen E. S. , Barrio Victoria R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThermoplastic masks made of polyester resin are used to immobilize patients receiving radiation therapy. We describe a case of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to a thermoplastic mask worn by a child receiving proton beam therapy for treatment of medulloblastoma. ACD to a thermoplastic mask in an adult was first reported in 2018. (J Med Case Rep. 2018;12:181) To our knowledge, ACD to a thermoplastic mask has not been reported previously in the pediatric population.
Transcriptomic and functional analyses uncover the regulatory role of lncRNA000170 in tomato multicellular trichome formation
Authors: Liao Xiaoli , Wang Junqiang , Zhu Shunhua , Xie Qingmin , Wang Lin , Yu Huiyang , Ye Zhibiao , Yang Changxian 
Published: June 2020

SummaryTrichomes are universal specific structures originating from nearly all terrestrial plants. Although quantities of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in many plant species, the role of lncRNAs in trichome formation still remains unknown. Here, we identified a total of 1303 lncRNAs in the young stems of woolly mutant LA3560 (Wo) and its non‐woolly segregants (WT). Out of these lncRNAs, 86 lncRNAs were obviously upregulated in Wo and 110 lncRNAs were downregulated. We determined that seven lncRNAs were highly expressed in stem trichomes compared to trichome‐free stems and several other tissues of LA3560 by a quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction, including lncRNA000746, lncRNA000170, lncRNA000277, lncRNA000774, lncRNA000756, lncRNA000100, and lncRNA000898. Transgenic experiments revealed that overexpression of lncRNA000170 inhibited type I trichome formation on the lower stems of the adult transgenic plants. We further determined that lncRNA000170 was transcribed from the complementary strand of Solyc10g006360, for which expression can be induced by lncRNA000170 in its overexpression lines and woolly mutants. Solyc10g006360 overexpression also caused type I trichome decrease. In addition, several trichome regulators, such as Wo, H, SlCycB2, and SlCycB3, were markedly downregulated in lncRNA000170 overexpression lines. These findings demonstrate that lncRNA000170 may be involved in the regulatory pathway mediated by these trichome regulators.