bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Job Quality in the Economy for the Common Good: conceptualisation and implementation in Austria and Germany
Authors: Ollé-Espluga Laia , Muckenhuber Johanna , Hadler Markus 
Published: July 2020

The Economy for the Common Good (ECG) is an Austrian-born movement promoting an alternative economic model built on values oriented to the common welfare such as human dignity, solidarity, ecological sustainability, social justice, transparency and democratic participation. To provide (high) quality of work plays an important role in the ECG philosophy but little is known on the actual labour conditions of workers employed in such type of firms and whether they differ from those of firms in the “regular” default economy. In this paper we focus on Austria and Germany, the countries where this economic model is most widespread, and present results on the general structure of firms following the ECG model and the working and employment conditions in these firms. We identify three main dimensions of job quality promoted by the ECG model, namely employment quality, information and worker participation, and psychosocial working conditions. Using data published in the Common Good Reports, we extracted data informing about these dimensions of job quality at an organisational level of 59 firms with at least 5 employees in Austria and Germany. We discuss which work-related features are promoted by organisations following the ECG model and compare them to the standards encouraged by the model. Results are also discussed with respect to evidence on the quality of work in the social economy.
Prediction of the Longitudinal Arch Angle During Running for Various Foot Strike Patterns Using a Static Longitudinal Arch Angle Measurement
Authors: Tsujimoto Norio 
Published: July 2020

Background
The medial longitudinal arch angle (LAA) of the foot has been used as an index of high and low arches. The LAA during the support phase of running (LAArun), which may be related to lower-limb injuries, is commonly predicted from the LAA at standing (LAAstand). However, it is not known whether this prediction is valid for all of the foot contact patterns. The purpose of this study was to verify whether prediction of the LAArun from the LAAstand is valid for different foot strike patterns.

Methods
The 26 participants were divided into a rearfoot strike group (n = 15) and a nonrearfoot strike group (n = 11). The LAA was obtained by measuring the angle formed between the line from the navicular bone to the medial malleolus and the line from the navicular bone to the first metatarsal head. The LAAstand and the minimum value of the LAArun, when the arch is most collapsed, were measured using a motion capture system.

Results
There were no significant differences in the LAAstand, the LAArun, and the difference (LAAstand – LAArun) between the two groups. In both groups, a very strong and significant correlation was found between the LAAstand and the LAArun. Furthermore, a nearly identical equation for predicting the LAArun from the LAAstand was derived for the two groups.

Conclusions
The LAArun can be predicted from the LAAstand for any foot strike pattern with almost the same equation.
Factors Affecting the Adoption of Fuel-efficient Stove in Dessie Zuria Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Kassa Sosina , Admasu Wondiye , Yesgat Shegaw 
Published: July 2020

The three-stone fire stove is inefficient in converting solid fuels to energy and, it only yields 5 up to 20 per cent of the overall thermal efficiency. Fuel-efficient stoves are expected to contribute to the environment, economic and health sectors by achieving sustainability in the energy sector. Therefore, due to the benefits of the fuel-efficient stoves, the need to study factors influencing the adoption of these stoves are becoming more important. The study aimed to assess factors influencing the adoption of fuel-efficient stoves in Dessie Zuria Woreda. Both qualitative and quantitative approach was used. Data was collected through questionaries’ in 166 households and interview from 10 key informants. The collected data from questionaries’ was analysed by descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one sample t-test and binary logistic regression. One sample t-test result showed that the perception of peoples is significantly different from neutral. The independent sample t-test showed that the average time taken to collect fuelwood is significantly different between adopters and non-adopters. Educational level, family size, distance from the city, awareness, access to training, the time is taken to collect fuelwood and membership of social organization group were found to be significant in determining the probability of fuel-efficient stove adoption positively at p<0.05 level of significance. The main barrier for not adopting fuel-efficient was found to be a lack of awareness about the benefit of the stove and the cost of the stove.
Modeling and Forecasting Exchange Rate Values between Naira and US Dollar to Assess the Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic Period on the Rate
Authors: Okon E. J. , Ikpang I. N. 
Published: July 2020

Aims: To model exchange rate values between Naira and US Dollar in order to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic period on the rate by examining the forecasts.
Study Design: The study design is the longitudinal research design.
Place and Duration of Study: Real life data of monthly average Nigerian Naira-US Dollar exchange rates from Jan.1991 to April 2020 obtained from the Data and Statistics publication of Central Bank of Nigeria.
Methodology: The traditional time series ARIMA model is employed for forecasting Naira/Dollar exchange rate using Monthly data covering the period January, 1991 to April, 2020. The ACF and PACF plots showed tendency that the differenced exchange rate data behave as both having autoregressive and moving average processes as the ACF has significant peaks at different lags and a gradual decay to zero is indicated by the PACF.
Results: Using the AIC, BIC, and HQC as model selection criterion the ARIMA (2, 1, 3) were selected as the model with the best fit for the exchange rate data as compared to the other selected models. The ACF of the residuals is plotted with lags up to 20 and the residuals coefficient did not exceed the 95% confidence limit which indicates that the model is a good fit and is appropriate for the data. Plots of in-sample and out-of-sample forecast were also made.
Conclusion: The out-of-sample forecast plot for period of 12 months revealed that naira will continue to depreciate on US dollar for the period forecasted with very high tendencies during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
Unsaturated Stream-Aquifer Connection When the Riverbed Itself Desaturates
Authors: Seytoux Hubert J. Morel- 
Published: July 2020

In a previous series of 3 articles in this Journal we have looked at the situation when the aquifer desaturates while the riverbed (clogging layer) remained saturated. However it is quite possible that the riverbed itself will desaturate, particularly if the river stage is low and especially when the river goes dry. In this article we look at the situation when indeed the riverbed desaturates as the capillary pressure at the interface between the bottom of the riverbed and the top of the unsaturated zone in the aquifer exceeds the riverbed entry pressure, while the river itself does not go dry. Utilizing different soil textures for a riverbed we found that the seepage rate, following a slight increase in value, tends rapidly to an asymptotic limit which is not much higher than the seepage value at incipient desaturation of the riverbed.
Thus the assumption that the riverbed does not desaturate may lead to grossly exaggerated values of the seepage rate.
Irc3 is a monomeric DNA branch point‐binding helicase in mitochondria of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Piljukov Vlad–Julian , Garber Natalja , Sedman Tiina , Sedman Juhan 
Published: July 2020

Irc3 is a superfamily II DNA helicase required for the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we show that recombinant Irc3 is a monomeric protein and that it can form a binary complex with forked DNA. The catalytically active enzyme is a monomer as no positive cooperativity of ATP hydrolysis or DNA unwinding can be detected. Interestingly, we find that Irc3 prefers to unwind the nascent lagging strand at a replication fork. Using DNase I footprinting, we demonstrate that Irc3 captures DNA substrates by establishing a strong contact at the DNA branching point. Additional protections on the lagging strand template suggest a 3′‐to‐5′ polarity for Irc3 movement.
Aggregate Science: From Structures to Properties
Authors: Zhang Haoke , Zhao Zheng , Turley Andrew T. , Wang Lin , McGonigal Paul R. , Tu Yujie , Li Yuanyuan , Wang Zhaoyu , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMolecular science entails the study of structures and properties of materials at the level of single molecules or small interacting complexes of molecules. Moving beyond single molecules and well‐defined complexes, aggregates (i.e., irregular clusters of many molecules) serve as a particularly useful form of materials that often display modified or wholly new properties compared to their molecular components. Some unique structures and phenomena such as polymorphic aggregates, aggregation‐induced symmetry breaking, and cluster excitons are only identified in aggregates, as a few examples of their exotic features. Here, by virtue of the flourishing research on aggregation‐induced emission, the concept of “aggregate science” is put forward to fill the gaps between molecules and aggregates. Structures and properties on the aggregate scale are also systematically summarized. The structure–property relationships established for aggregates are expected to contribute to new materials and technological development. Ultimately, aggregate science may become an interdisciplinary research field and serves as a general platform for academic research.
Emergent Nonreciprocal Circularly Polarized Emission from an Organic Thin Film
Authors: Zinna Francesco , Albano Gianluigi , Taddeucci Andrea , Colli Tony , Aronica Laura Antonella , Pescitelli Gennaro , Di Bari Lorenzo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractControlling circularly polarized (CP) emission is key for both fundamental understanding and applications in the field of chiral photonics and electronics. Here, a completely new way to achieve this goal is presented. A luminescent thin film, made from a chiral conjugated phenylene bis‐thiophenylpropynone able to self‐assemble into ordered structures, emits highly circularly polarized light with opposite handedness from its two opposite faces. Such emergent nonreciprocal behavior in CP emission, so far unprecedented, represents a fundamental advance, opening new opportunities in design, preparation, and applications of CP emitting materials.
Visible‐Light‐Induced C2 Alkylation of Heterocyclic N‐Oxides with N‐Hydroxyphthalimide Esters under Metal‐Free Conditions
Authors: Qin Pi‐Tao , Sun Jing , Wang Fei , Wang Jing‐Yun , Wang He , Zhou Ming‐Dong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA visible‐light‐induced site selective C−H alkylation of heterocyclic N‐oxides with N‐hydroxyphthalimide esters was developed using Eosin Y as the photocatalyst in the presence of Cs2CO3 under redox‐neutral and mild conditions. Using N‐hydroxyphthalimide esters as the radical precursors, quinoline and pyridine N‐oxides were readily coupled with a wide range of primary, secondary, and tertiary radicals to afford the desired alkylated heterocyclic N‐oxides in moderated to excellent yields. Importantly, this reaction protocol also successfully demonstrated its applications for the construction of glycosyl or bioactive natural dehydroabietic acid containing heterocyclic N‐oxides, as well as the pharmaceutical and agrochemical active alkylated quinine‐based functional molecules (potential antimalarial drug).magnified image
Interface Engineering for Lithium Metal Anodes in Liquid Electrolyte
Authors: Zhai Pengbo , Liu Lixuan , Gu Xiaokang , Wang Tianshuai , Gong Yongji 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInterfacial chemistry between lithium metal anodes and electrolytes plays a vital role in regulating the Li plating/stripping behavior and improving the cycling performance of Li metal batteries. Constructing a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li metal anodes is now understood to be a requirement for progress in achieving feasible Li‐metal batteries. Recently, the application of novel analytical tools has led to a clearer understanding of composition and the fine structure of the SEI. This further promoted the development of interface engineering for stable Li metal anodes. In this review, the SEI formation mechanism, conceptual models, and the nature of the SEI are briefly summarized. Recent progress in probing the atomic structure of the SEI and elucidating the fundamental effect of interfacial stability on battery performance are emphasized. Multiple factors including current density, mechanical strength, operating temperature, and structure/composition homogeneity that affect the interfacial properties are comprehensively discussed. Moreover, strategies for designing stable Li‐metal/electrolyte interfaces are also reviewed. Finally, new insights and future directions associated with Li‐metal anode interfaces are proposed to inspire more revolutionary solutions toward commercialization of Li metal batteries.
Transforming Computed Energy Landscapes into Experimental Realities: The Role of Structural Rugosity
Authors: Montis Riccardo , Davey Roger J. , Wright Sarah E. , Woollam Grahame R. , Cruz‐Cabeza Aurora J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe exploit the possible link between structural surface roughness and difficulty of crystallisation. Polymorphs with smooth surfaces may nucleate and crystallise more readily than polymorphs with rough surfaces. The concept is applied to crystal structure prediction landscapes and reveals a promising complementary way of ranking putative crystal structures.
Halogen‐Imparted Reactivity in Lithium Carbenoid Mediated Homologations of Imine Surrogates: Direct Assembly of bis‐Trifluoromethyl‐β‐Diketiminates and the Dual Role of LiCH2I
Authors: Ielo Laura , Castoldi Laura , Touqeer Saad , Lombino Jessica , Roller Alexander , Prandi Cristina , Holzer Wolfgang , Pace Vittorio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe selective formal insertion (homologation) of a carbon unit bridging the two trifluoroacetamidoyl chlorides (TFAICs) units is reported. The tactic is levered on a highly chemoselective homologation–metalation–acyl nucleophilic substitution sequence which precisely enables to assemble novel trifluoromethylated β‐diketiminates within a single synthetic operation. Unlike previous homologations conducted with LiCH2Cl furnishing aziridines, herein we exploit the unique capability of iodomethyllithium to act contemporaneously as a C1 source (homologating effect) and metalating agent. The mechanistic rationale grounded on experimental evidences supports the hypothesized proposal and, the structural analysis gathers key aspects of this class of valuable ligands in catalysis.
Interfacial Reactions in Inorganic All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Zheng Chao , Li Lujie , Wang Kai , Wang Cheng , Zhang Jun , Xia Yang , Huang Hui , Liang Chu , Gan Yongping , He Xinping , Tao Xinyong , Zhang Wenkui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReplacing organic liquid electrolytes (LEs) in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) with solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) to achieve all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) with improved safety and potential higher energy density has been attracting growing attention for their wide application in various electronic devices, electric vehicles and renewable energy integration. To achieve high‐performance ASSLBs, the design of SSEs with high ionic conductivity, easy processability, and compatible and stable interfaces with the cathode and anode has become a research priority in recent years. Among all the challenges and issues concerning interfaces, the mechanisms and suppression methods of interfacial reactions are particularly important in the rational design of efficient electrolyte/electrode interfaces. This review mainly focuses on interfacial reactions in various types of inorganic ASSLBs and significant negative effects on battery performance. We also highlight advanced characterization methods and summarize some notable approaches to stabilize interfaces. Finally, we believe the scientific prospect of ASSLBs interface research will be helpful to keep pace with future research trends.
Cross‐Generational Effects of Parental Age on Offspring Longevity: Are Telomeres an Important Underlying Mechanism?
Authors: Heidinger Britt J. , Young Rebecca C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractParental age at offspring conception often influences offspring longevity, but the mechanisms underlying this link are poorly understood. One mechanism that may be important is telomeres, highly conserved, repetitive sections of non‐coding DNA that form protective caps at chromosome ends and are often positively associated with longevity. Here, the potential pathways by which the age of the parents at the time of conception may impact offspring telomeres are described first, including direct effects on parental gamete telomeres and indirect effects on offspring telomere loss during pre‐ or post‐natal development. Then a surge of recent studies demonstrating the effects of parental age on offspring telomeres in diverse taxa are reviewed. In doing so, important areas for future research and experimental approaches that will enhance the understanding of how and when these effects likely occur are highlighted. It is concluded by considering the potential evolutionary consequences of parental age on offspring telomeres.
A Novel Wick‐Like Paper‐Based Microfluidic Device for 3D Cell Culture and Anti‐Cancer Drugs Screening
Authors: Fu Shu‐xia , Zuo Peng , Ye Bang‐Ce 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPaper is increasingly recognized as a portable substrate for cell culture, due to its low‐cost, flexible, and special porous property, which provides a native cellular 3D microenvironment. Therefore, paper‐based microfluidics has been developed for cell culture and biomedical analysis. However, the inability of continuous medium supply limits the wide application of paper devices for cell culture. Herein, a paper‐based microfluidic device is developed with novel folded paper strips as wick‐like structure, which is used for medium self‐driven perfusion. The paper with patterns of hydrophilic channel, culture areas, and hydrophobic barrier could be easily fabricated through wax‐printing. After printing, the hydrophilic paper strip at the periphery of the lower layer is then folded at 90° and extended into the medium container for continuous automatic supply of medium to the cell culture area. Tumor cells cultured in the paper device are tested for anti‐cancer drug screening. Visualized cell viability and chemical sensitivity testing can be achieved by colorimetry combined with simple smartphone imaging, effectively reducing precision instrument dependence. The wick paper‐based microfluidic device for cell culture endows the method the advantages of lower cost, ease‐of‐operation, miniaturization, and shows a great potential for large‐scale cell culture, antibody drug production, and efficient screening.
Shocks and fish stocks: The effect of disasters and policy announcements on listed fishing companies' market value
Authors: Scholtens Bert , Oueghlissi Rim 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate the effect of disasters and fisheries policy announcements on the value of large fishing companies. These companies are highly relevant for global fish production and marine ecosystems. Financial markets reveal how investors perceive and appreciate news about disasters and policy announcements. This can affect the financial value of the fishing companies. We use a sample of 87 events and investigate how shocks affect the market value of 42 firms. It shows that earthquakes significantly affect fishing companies' market returns. Further, it shows that listed fisheries are especially sensitive to disasters and that earthquakes have more pronounced effects than oil spills. Other event types trigger marginally significant responses or none at all.
An antiphage Escherichia coli mutant for higher production of L‐threonine obtained by atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutagenesis
Authors: Cheng Likun , Wang Jing , Zhao Xiubao , Yin Huanhuan , Fang Haitian , Lin Chuwen , Zhang Shasha , Shen Zhiqiang , Zhao Chunguang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPhage infection is common during the production of L‐threonine by E. coli, and low L‐threonine production and glucose conversion percentage are bottlenecks for the efficient commercial production of L‐threonine. In this study, 20 antiphage mutants producing high concentration of L‐threonine were obtained by atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis, and an antiphage E. coli variant was characterized that exhibited the highest production of L‐threonine Escherichia coli ([E. coli] TRFC‐AP). The elimination of fhuA expression in E. coli TRFC‐AP was responsible for phage resistance. The biomass and cell growth of E. coli TRFC‐AP showed no significant differences from those of the parent strain (E. coli TRFC), and the production of L‐threonine (159.3 g L−1) and glucose conversion percentage (51.4%) were increased by 10.9% and 9.1%, respectively, compared with those of E. coli TRFC. During threonine production (culture time of 20 h), E. coli TRFC‐AP exhibited higher activities of key enzymes for glucose utilization (hexokinase, glucose phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphofructokinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, and PYK) and threonine synthesis (glutamate synthase, aspartokinase, homoserine dehydrogenase, homoserine kinase and threonine synthase) compared to those of E. coli TRFC. The analysis of metabolic flux distribution indicated that the flux of threonine with E. coli TRFC‐AP reached 69.8%, an increase of 16.0% compared with that of E. coli TRFC. Overall, higher L‐threonine production and glucose conversion percentage were obtained with E. coli TRFC‐AP due to increased activities of key enzymes and improved carbon flux for threonine synthesis.
Aberrant Zip14 expression in muscle is associated with cachexia in a Bard1‐deficient mouse model of breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Shakri Ahmad Rushdi , James Zhong Timothy , Ma Wanchao , Coker Courtney , Hegde Rohaan , Scholze Hanna , Chin Vanessa , Szabolcs Matthias , Hibshoosh Hanina , Tanji Kurenai , Baer Richard , Kumar Biswas Anup , Acharyya Swarnali 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNearly 80% of advanced cancer patients are afflicted with cachexia, a debilitating syndrome characterized by extensive loss of muscle mass and function. Cachectic cancer patients have a reduced tolerance to antineoplastic therapies and often succumb to premature death from the wasting of respiratory and cardiac muscles. Since there are no available treatments for cachexia, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms that drive cachexia in order to devise effective strategies to treat it. Although 25% of metastatic breast cancer patients develop symptoms of muscle wasting, mechanistic studies of breast cancer cachexia have been hampered by a lack of experimental models. Using tumor cells deficient for BARD1, a subunit of the BRCA1/BARD1 tumor suppressor complex, we have developed a new orthotopic model of triple‐negative breast cancer that spontaneously metastasizes to the lung and leads to systemic muscle deterioration. We show that expression of the metal‐ion transporter, Zip14, is markedly upregulated in cachectic muscles from these mice and is associated with elevated intramuscular zinc and iron levels. Aberrant Zip14 expression and altered metal‐ion homeostasis could therefore represent an underlying mechanism of cachexia development in human patients with triple‐negative breast cancer. Our study provides a unique model for studying breast cancer cachexia and identifies a potential therapeutic target for its treatment.