bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Legal Provisions and Judicial Rulings of Will for Heirs’ Cases in Malaysia's Sharīʽah High Courts
Authors: Karim Fatimah , Awang Abdul Bari , Zakaria Mohamad Sabri 
Published: December 2024

This research aims to study the topic of "The Legal Provisions and Judicial Rulings of Will for Heirs’ Cases in Malaysia's Sharīʽah High Courts". The research delves into clarifying the reality of the law regarding will for heirs in Malaysia and demonstrates the effectiveness of judicial rulings in Malaysia's Sharīʽah High Courts concerning the issues. Upon examining cases of will for heirs, it becomes apparent that a significant number of members within the Muslim community in Malaysia have chosen to bequeath their entire estate to their heirs. In essence, a will is valid for non-heirs within one-third, while two-thirds are allocated to all rightful heirs according to Islamic inheritance laws. This presents an issue as many Malaysians may be unfamiliar with the legitimacy of inheritance laws and the nature of will for heirs. The researchers adopt a descriptive approach to clarify the subject matter, an analytical approach to analyze cases of will for heirs in Malaysia's Sharīʽah High Courts and their legal applications, and a field study involving personal interviews with judges and the research officers in the Sharīʽah High Courts of three selected states in Malaysia: Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, and Perak. Among the significant results obtained from the research is that the implementation of will for heirs in Malaysia's Sharīʽah High Courts depends on the consent of the heirs, aligning with Islamic principles and in accordance with the Muslim Wills Enactment and Administration of The Religion of Islam Enactment. The study suggests that the Islamic Religious Council (MAIN) for the remaining states in Malaysia, excluding the six states (Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Malacca, Kelantan, Pahang, and Sabah), should take proactive steps to codify the Muslim Wills Enactment for their states, considering acceptable opinions derived from the Shafiʽī school of thought. With the existence of legal provisions specific to will for heirs, judges in Malaysia's Sharīʽah High Courts would find it easier to arbitrate cases related to will for heirs with precision and efficiency.
Means of Modern Criminal Evidence for Testimony: A Comparative Study between Sunnah and Libyan Law
Authors: Aljadi Amer Ali Mohammad , Gasmelsid Saadeldin Mansour 
Published: December 2024

The researchers discuss about an important topic through which they shed light on the effects of modern means of testimony on Libyan society in light of the Sunnah of the Prophet. This study aims to clarify the concept of testimony and its features, the position of modern means of proof in the Sunnah of the Prophet, and the effects of these means on Libyan law. This study approaches to compare different elements to understand the differences and similarities between them. The central problem of this topic is the modern development of means of proof for testimony and its impact on the Sharīʽah courts. Its value and the efforts of the Libyan legislator in these means are demonstrated. We also presented the extent of the authenticity of modern means of testimony in the Sunnah of the Prophet, following in this the most accurate writings about the means of proof, and relied on the Sunnah, following the method of reasoning according to the companion and jurist ʽAbd Allāh bin ʽUmar, may Allah be pleased with them both. We explained the modern means of testimony in the Prophetic Sunnah and its pillars in terms of criminal and Sharīʽah proof, then we explained the way in which these means were used in terms of criminal and Sharīʽah proof. We also explained the efforts of the Libyan jurists towards these means, and then we proceeded to detail in talking about them according to the Libyan legislator in terms of Proof. Then we talked about its characteristics, conditions, scope of proof, and its validity in proof. Applied examples of these means have been mentioned. The most prominent feature of this study is that it shed light on the types of means of proof in the Sunnah of the Prophet, and it has contributed to reviewing the place of proof by testimony in Libyan society.
Antibacterial Potential of Ximenia americana L. Olacaceae: Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, and ADMET Prediction
Authors: Dahiru Mubarak Muhammad , Abaka Abdulazeez Mumsiri , Ya'u Ibrahim 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The devastating effect of persistent and recurrent bacterial infections coupled with antibiotic resistance is a driving force for prospects into alternative antibacterial therapeutics to achieve treatment. This study investigates the antibacterial potential of Ximenia americana (XA) via molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and ADMET approach.
Materials and methods: The ligands and target were downloaded from respective databases and docked using PyRx software followed by molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) with iMOD and CABflex 2.0 online servers then ADMET, drug likeness, lead likeness, and medicinal chemistry predictions of the top docked ligands using pkCSM and SwissADME online servers.
Results: Stigmasterol exhibited the lowest binding affinity and inhibition constant respectively with all the targets; enoyl-acyl-carrier-protein reductase (-7.1 kcal/mol and 6.16 µM), Penicillin-binding Protein 2X (-8.8 kcal/mol and 0.35 µM), dihydrofolate reductase (-9.6 kcal/mol and 0.09 µM), dihydropteroate Synthase (-7.8 kcal/mol and 1.89 µM), UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (-7.1 kcal/mol and 6.16 µM), and topoisomerase IV (-7.8 kcal/mol and 1.89 µM). The MDS showed several cluster displacements and residue fluctuations with the docked targets with higher residue fluctuations observed for enoyl-acyl-carrier-protein reductase (11.33 ?), Penicillin-binding Protein 2X (4.67 ?), dihydrofolate reductase (3.61 ?), dihydropteroate Synthase (4.97 ?), UDP-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (3.38 ?), and topoisomerase IV (4.35 ?). 4,4-Dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol exhibited superior overall ADMET properties, oral bioavailability, drug-likeness, and medicinal chemistry.
Conclusion: Conclusively, Stigmasterol and 4,4-Dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol might be responsible for the antibacterial effect of XA. Although the latter showed better interaction with the target proteins, the former showed better ADMET properties, oral bioavailability, drug-likeness, and medicinal properties. However, improvement in these properties might enhance their antibacterial activity.
Variation of bromine concentration as an essential trace element in human milk over lactation stages
Authors: Mohd Taufek Nor Hidayah , Mohmad Sabere Awis Sukarni , Mohamad Jamahari Ummi Syahidah , Amran Nur Balkhis , Fata Nahas Abdul Rahman , Bidai Joseph 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Bromine has been newly discovered in human milk but its importance in the growth and development of infants is unclear. Only a few studies have reported the concentration of bromine in human milk and considered it as an essential element, whereas others highlighted its toxicity of bromism in humans. This study aimed to determine the concentration of bromine as an essential trace element in human milk using a validated acid digestion method and discuss its variation over lactation stages.
Method: Human milk samples were collected from three postpartum mothers and analysed using inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentration of bromine was determined over a certain postpartum period, analysed using Microsoft Excel 2016, and reported descriptively.
Results: Method validation parameters for bromine showed good linearity (R² > 0.999), limit of detection (0.003 µg/L), limit of quantification (0.01 µg/L), accuracy (96%), inter-day (3.76%RSD) and intra-day (3.35%RSD) repeatability. The median concentration of bromine in human milk decreased over six months of lactation, in µg/L: 1210, 674, 722, 671, 511 and 538. At later lactation months which were 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th and 21st, the median bromine concentration was in µg/L: 780, 815, 645, 846, 910, respectively.
Conclusion: The acid digestion method by ICP-MS was robust and accurate in determining bromine concentration in human milk. The consistent variation of bromine in human milk over lactation stages may indicate its importance in supporting infant development in the first two years of age. Future research should explore the role of bromine in infants’ development, its chronobiological importance, and the risk of deficiency or toxicity.
Publiczne prawa podmiotowe w ochronie środowiska – 25 lat po przyjęciu konwencji z Aarhus
Authors: Haładyj Anna 
Published: December 2024

W doktrynie powszechnie podkreśla się znaczenie zaproponowanych w konwencji z Aarhus gwarancji procesowych realizacji przyznanych nią publicznych praw podmiotowych, tj. prawa dostępu do wymiaru sprawiedliwości w sprawach dotyczących środowiska, na które składają się m.in. zagadnienia, takie jak: zakres informacji podlegających udostępnieniu, procedurę złożenia wniosku, przesłanki odmowy udostepnienia informacji o środowisku, terminy załatwienia sprawy oraz prawo do złożenia odwołania i skargi do sądu, a także last but not least – kwestie związane ze sposobami udostępniania informacji o środowisku. Tym samym na gwarancję prawidłowej realizacji prawa do sądu składają się rozliczne inne komponenty, których ocenę – z perspektywy efektywności ochrony publicznych praw podmiotowych po upływie ćwierćwiecza od przyjęcia konwencji – czynię przedmiotem dalszych analiz.
Dla potrzeb realizacji powyższego celu sformułowano tezę, że dotychczasowe gwarancje realizacji publicznych praw podmiotowych muszą być postrzegane w ujęciu dynamicznym, ze względu na zmiany technologiczne (udostępnienie informacji o środowisku on line, za pośrednictwem baz danych, w tym – BDO). Dla jej udowodnienia wykorzystano metodę dogmatycznoprawną. Przeprowadzone analizy pozwoliły na ustalenie, że dotychczasowe gwarancje procesowe – nie negując ich znaczenia i przełomowego charakteru w obszarze nadawania uprawnień procesowych społeczeństwu i jego członkom – stają się niewystarczające w obliczu nowych wyzwań technologicznych oraz odpowiadających im zjawisk w administrowaniu, do których należy prowadzenie publicznie dostępnych rejestrów w formie elektronicznej.
Studi Eksplorasi Karakter Tanggung Jawab Terhadap Pembelajaran pada Siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Bandung
Authors: Damayanti Syfa Kaila , Budimansyah Dasim , Insani Nisrina Nurul 
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh penurunan gejala moral yang menjadi masalah utama pada penanaman karakter tanggung jawab pada siswa. Badan Pusat Statistik menyebutkan bahwa ada kenaikan angka pada jumlah kasus kenakalan remaja di Indonesia sebanyak 10,7% di tahun 2013-2015. KPAI juga merilis pernyataan mengenai kasus tawuran pelajar di Indonesia pada tahun 2018 mencapai angka 114 kasus atau 32,35%. Hasil penelitian lain juga menyebutkan Indonesia menjadi negara dengan tingkat perundungan paling tinggi di Asia dengan data 84% anak-anak Indonesia pernah mengalami perundungan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat karakter tanggungjawab terhadap pembelajaran pada siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode jenis eksploratif, dengan Teknik pengumpulan data memakai angket dan Teknik analisis data memakai tabulasi silang atau crosstabulation dengan hasil akhir berupa deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat presentase pelaksanaan karakter tanggung jawab terhadap pembelajaran pada siswa di SMAN Negeri di Kota Bandung berada pada tingkat yang kurang baik. This research is motivated by the decline in moral symptoms which is the main problem in instilling the character of responsibility in students. The Central Bureau of Statistics stated that there was an increase in the number of cases of juvenile delinquency in Indonesia by 10.7% in 2013-2015. KPAI also released a statement regarding cases of student brawls in Indonesia in 2018 reaching 114 cases or 32.35%. The results of another study also stated that Indonesia became a country with the highest level of bullying in Asia with data on 84% of Indonesian children having experienced bullying. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of character responsibility for learning in public high school students in Bandung City. This study uses a quantitative approach with an exploratory type method, with data collection techniques using questionnaires and data analysis techniques using cross tabulation with the final result in the form of descriptive percentages. The results showed that the percentage level of the implementation of the character of responsibility for learning in students at State Senior High Schools in Bandung City was at a poor level.
Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Siswa pada Materi Operasi Hitung Menggunakan Soal Tipe PISA
Authors: Vera Vera Yuliana , Zulkardi Zulkardi , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra 
Published: December 2024

Kemampuan literasi matematis ialah kemampuan individu dalam merumuskan, menerapkan dan menafsirkan matematika dalam situasi nyata yang sangat penting dalam permasalahan kontekstual. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan literasi matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal PISA pada siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 61 Palembang. Penelitian ini dengan jenis deskriptif kualitatif yang melibatkan 30 orang siswa dengan fokus pada tiga orang siswa yang berkemampuan tinggi, sedang dan rendaah. Tes dan wawancara merupakan teknik yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini. Hasil analisis persentase tiap indikator dalam penelitian ini yakni, indikator formulate sebesar 22,22% dikategorikan kurang. Indikator employ dengan persentase 55,56% dikategorikan sedang dan indikator interprete dengan persentase sebesar 40,44% dikategorikan sedang. Sedangkan rata-rata keselurahan dari ketiga indikator tersebut sebesar 40,74% dikategorikan sedang dengan indikator yang paling banyak muncul pada indikator kedua yaitu employ
The Complexity of Tullock Contests
Authors: He Yu , Yao Fan , Yu Yang , Qiu Xiaoyun , Li Minming , Xu Haifeng 
Published: December 2024

This paper studies the algorithmic complexity for computing the pure Nash Equilibrium (PNE) in Tullock Contests. The (possibly heterogeneous) elasticity parameter \(r_i\) determines whether a contestant \(i\)’s cost function is convex, concave or neither. Our core finding is that the domains of \(r_i\) governs the complexity for solving Tullock contents.

- When no contestant’s \(r_i\) lies between \((1,2]\), we can design an efficient algorithm to compute the pure NE;
- When many \(r_i\) values fall within \((1,2]\), we prove that determining NE existence can not be solved in polynomial time, assuming the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH);
- When many \(r_i\) values fall within \((1,2]\), we design a Fully Polynomial-Time Approximation Scheme (FPTAS) to find an \(\epsilon\)-PNE when an exact PNE exists.

All our algorithms are efficiently implemented for solving large-scale instances, and computational experiments demonstrate their effectiveness even in complex scenarios.
GARANTÍAS DE LOS DERECHOS DE LA PERSONALIDAD DEL NIÑO POR NACER CON LA PROHIBICIÓN DE SU MANIPULACIÓN GENÉTICA
Authors: Machiavelli Jociane , Chizini Chemin Marcia Regina , Rezende Adami Eliana 
Published: December 2024

RESUMEN
Este estudio tiene como objetivo al análisis de las polémicas existentes entre los embriones humanos y la reproducción asistida, así como la manipulación genética del niño por nacer. Nunca una cuestión suscitó tanta indagación cuanto esta generada por el embrión, a partir de las tentativas desarrolladas a fin de superar la infertilidad. Inicialmente restricta a los meros aspectos médicos y biológicos, la cuestión ganó todos los terrenos del conocimiento humano y causa perplejidad de naturaleza antropológica, filosófica, ética y jurídica. Exactamente porque el embrión es humano, y porque su viabilidad procede de la viabilidad de la especie humana. Además, la discusión que se hace con la propuesta del Proyecto de Ley n. 478/07- Estatuto del Niño por Nacer — reposa justamente en el hecho de que el mismo/a debe ser considerado/a digno/a de derechos desde el momento de su concepción, pues todo ser humano debe ser amparado en su derecho de existir, teniendo como derecho constitucional fundamental el derecho de nacer con vida.

PALAVRAS CHAVE: derechos; niño por nacer; manipulación; genética.
RESUMO
O presente estudo possui como objetivo analisar as polêmicas existentes entre os embriões humanos e a reprodução assistida, assim como a manipulação genética de nascituros. Nunca uma questão suscitou tantas indagações como a gerada a respeito do embrião, a partir das tentativas de superar a infertilidade. Inicialmente uma discussão restrita aos aspectos médicos e biológicos, a questão ganhou outros terrenos do conhecimento humano e causa perplexidade de natureza antropológica, filosófica, ética e jurídica. Justamente porque o embrião é humano, e porque sua viabilidade diz respeito a viabilidade da própria espécie humana. Ainda visa a discussão do Projeto de Lei 478/07 – Estatuto do Nascituro – que trata justamente do direito que o mesmo possui de ser considerado portador de direitos desde o momento de sua concepção, tendo em vista que todo ser humano deve ser amparado em seu direito de existir, tendo como direito constitucional fundamental o direito de nascer com vida..

`Palavras-chave: direitos; nascituro; manipulação; genética.
Análise do processo de reequilíbrio de preços da estação de tratamento de efluentes - Mato Grande durante a pandemia do Covid-19
Authors: Da Silva Miranda Willian Enrique , Veiga Avila Lucas , Schvartz Marceli Adriane , Delongui Lucas 
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os processos de reequilíbrio ocorridos na obra de Expansão e Modernização da Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto (ETE) de Mato Grande, localizada no município de Canoas/RS, Brasil, durante o período da pandemia de Covid-19, compreendido entre os anos de 2020 e 2022. A pandemia ocasionou a paralisação das atividades e a diminuição da fabricação e distribuição de insumos de aço e outras matérias-primas do setor, o que consequentemente causou uma inflação sem precedentes no custo da produção da construção civil. Nesse contexto, o estudo abordou quais itens necessitaram de correção nos preços, como os cálculos foram realizados e se os valores foram significativos para garantir a continuidade e qualidade da obra em questão, analisando a eficácia final do processo e sua aplicabilidade durante o andamento da obra. Um estudo descritivo qualitativo foi realizado, analisando os preços e os valores aplicados na obra, e calculando o valor total reequilibrado de acordo com o método de análise de Laurence Bardin. A partir dos resultados, foram criadas tabelas para comparar o lucro da empresa sem a aplicação dos processos de reequilíbrio, demonstrando a importância desses processos para manter a viabilidade da obra. Além disso, destacou-se os grandes prejuízos que foram evitados pela empresa por meio da realização desses ajustes.
Palavras-Chave: Inflação. Pandemia Covid-19. Processo de reequilíbrio. Contrato.

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the rebalancing processes that took place during the Expansion and Modernization of the Mato Grande Sewage Treatment Plant (ETE), located in the municipality of Canoas/RS, Brazil, during the Covid-19 pandemic, between 2020 and 2022. The pandemic has led to a halt in activities and a reduction in the manufacture and distribution of steel inputs and other raw materials in the sector, which has consequently caused unprecedented inflation in the cost of civil construction production. In this context, the study looked at which items required price adjustments, how the calculations were made and whether the amounts were significant in terms of ensuring the continuity and quality of the work in question, analyzing the final effectiveness of the process and its applicability during the course of the work. A qualitative descriptive study was carried out, analyzing the prices and values applied to the work, and calculating the total rebalanced value according to Laurence Bardin's method of analysis. Based on the results, tables were created to compare the company's profit without the application of the rebalancing processes, demonstrating the importance of these processes in maintaining the viability of the work. In addition, the large losses that the company avoided by making these adjustments were highlighted.
Keywords: Inflation. Covid-19 pandemic. Rebalancing process. Contract.
Phenomenological Study: Spiritual Experiences of HIV/AIDS Patients at Waluyojati Hospital
Authors: Nugroho Setiyo Adi , Lutfiatul Muslimah Lutfiatul 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The issues faced by HIV/AIDS patients are not only psychological but also spiritual, such as their relationship with others, themselves, and God. The negative labels received by HIV/AIDS patients can sometimes lead them to blame God for the trials they face, as each individual has different levels of spirituality. Objectives:The purpose of this research is to understand the spiritual experiences of HIV/AIDS clients at Waluyo Jati Regional Hospital, Kraksaan Probolinggo. Methods: This study employs a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach, using data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The number of informants in this study is five people, who have reached saturation. Results: The results of the study show that the spiritual experiences of HIV/AIDS clients involve drawing closer to God by praying and spending their free time reciting the Quran. However, in their relationships with others, HIV/AIDS clients keep their illness a secret because they fear being shunned by those around them, and they even hide it from their families. Conclusions: Therefore, further research is needed to address the social issues faced by HIV/AIDS patients.