bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey Among Italian Pregnant Women and New-mothers During the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown.
Authors: STAMPINI Viviana , MONZANI Alice , CARISTIA Silvia , FERRANTE Gianluigi , GERBINO Martina , AMADORI Roberta , RABBONE Ivana , SURICO Daniela 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemics, drastic measures for social distancing have been introduced also in Italy. The purpose of this study was to describe some aspects of lifestyle, access to health services, and mental wellness of Italian pregnant women and new-mothers during the lockdown. We carried out a web-based survey to assess how pregnant women and new-mothers were coping with the lockdown. Expected outcomes were categorized in different analysis domains: psychological well-being and support, physical exercise, dietary habits, access to care, delivery and obstetric care, neonatal care and breastfeeding.We included 742 respondents (response rate 86.2%), 603 were pregnant (81.3%) and 139 (18.7%) had delivered during lockdown. We found a high score for anxiety and depression in 62.7% of pregnant women and 61.9% of new-mothers. During the lockdown, 61.9% of pregnant women reduced their physical exercise, and 79.8% reported to eat in a healthier way. 94.2% of new-mothers reported to have breastfed their babies during hospital staying. Regarding the impact of restrictive measures on breastfeeding, no impact was reported by 56.1% of new-mothers, a negative impact by 36.7%.The higher prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women and new-mothers should be a public health issue. Clinicians might also consider to recommend and encourage “home” physical exercise. On the other hand, most women improved their approach towards healthy eating during the lockdown and a very high breastfeeding rate was reported soon after birth: these data are an interesting starting point to develop new strategies for public health.
The Rate and Influencing Factors of Exclusive Breastfeeding for the First 6 Months in Nanjing, China
Authors: Chen Ling , Zhang Lei , Xu Qu , Dong Jing , Liu Ling Xia , Chen Min , Hu Yao Fang , Xiang Si Jia , Zhang Min , Qian Jun , Chi Xia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The rates of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months in China are relatively low. The purpose of our study was to investigate the rate and influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months in Nanjing, China.Methods: A total of 1261 mothers from six community healthcare centres in the main urban and suburban districts of Nanjing were enrolled from January 2019 to June 2019. A multivariate logistic regression analysis and chi-squared test were used to explore the factors related to exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months.Results: The rate of exclusive breast-feeding for the first 6 months was 29.4% in our study. A high education level, caesarean delivery, gestational age <37 weeks, having babysitters care for their babies, taking medicine during lactation and using a bottle to feed breast milk were shown to be associated with non-exclusive breast-feeding. The reasons for providing milk formula to babies were different among different stages in the first 6 months. A common reason for giving up exclusive breast-feeding was a perceived insufficiency of breast milk.Conclusion: Investigating the reasons and then implementing the corresponding measures would improve exclusive breast-feeding in the future.
Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia Coli for Ectoine Production with the Fermentation Strategy of Supplementing Amino Donor
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zhao Ming , Dong Yingsheng , Cao Yingying , Ma Yanqin , Luo Zhengshan , Li Sha , Xu Hong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Ectoine, a compatible solute, has broad application prospects in food biotechnology, agriculture, medicine, and cosmetics because of its protective action on biological compounds. Industrially, ectoine is produced by halophilic bacteria in a complex process. Recently, various works focus on improving ectoine production by using engineered strains, but there are still problems of low yield and low ectoine production efficiency.Results: To overcome the drawback, a final metabolic engineered strain E. coli ET08 was constructed by eliminating lysine synthesis branch and by-product metabolic pathways, and ectoine production reached 10.2 g/L through culture medium optimization. Compared with nitrate, addition of ammonium salt contributed more to the ectoine synthesis. Furthermore, the ammonium sulphate boosted more ectoine titers than ammonium chloride and sodium glutamate. The analysis of transcriptional levels revealed that the ammonium sulfate enhanced ectoine biosynthesis by enhancing metabolic flux toward ectoine biosynthesis and providing affluent synthetic precursors. Ultimately, the ectoine production and yield of the E. coli ET08 reached 36.5 g/L and 0.3 g/g glucose with supplementing amino donor in a 7.5 L bioreactor.Conclusions: a novel potential metabolic engineered Escherichia coli for ectoine production was constructed. optimizing amino donor and analyzing the transcription levels conclude that ammonium sulfate, as the optimal amino donor, has a positive effect on ectoine synthesis. It is the first report about the effect of exogenous amino donor on ectoine fermentation by metabolic engineered strain. The maximum ectoine production and yield from glucose synthesized by E. coli were obtained by two-stage feeding fermentation with supplementing amino donor. It provides a novel strategy for the synthesis of ectoine by engineered strain in industry. This research provides the basis for an effective process for ectoine production, together with the further applications of ectoine in food and cosmetics, and could also be used to produce other high value amino acid derivative.
Inhibitory Effect of Protocatechuic Acid on Platelet Aggregation Induced by High Shear Stress
Authors: He Cui , Yu Lihua , Dan Wenran , Mu Fenglin , Deng Surong , Ma Haidong , Liu Beizhong , Li Yuan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Platelet aggregation helps stop bleeding and thrombosis and blocks atherosclerosis, a cause of heart and cerebrovascular disease. Presently, bleeding and drug resistance are the most common side effects of clinically used antiplatelet drugsthus, it is particularly important to identify new antiplatelet drugs that can avoid or reduce these side effects. Method In this study,we used microfluidic chips in vitro to simulate the highly narrow bionic blood vessels of atherosclerosis to investigate the platelet aggregation on shear force-induced drug inhibition. Use flow cytometry to detect platelet activation markers（CD62P）.And thromboelasmograph and automatic coagulation analyzer were used to detect the coagulation function of blood after the action of protocatechuic acid. Results we found that platelets strongly aggregated after passing through the highly narrow microfluidic channel, and the aggregation can be inhibited by protocatechuic acid and CD42b but not by aspirin, tirofiban and other drugs.and protocatechuic acid inhibits platelet aggregation mainly by inhibiting interactions between platelet glycoprotein 1b (GPIb) and von Willebrand factor (vWF)，but does not activate platelets（ did not increase the expression of CD62P, a platelet activation marker）.In addition, protocatechuic acid did not significantly inhibit platelet aggregation induced by other endogenous agonists, such as collagen and ADP.It was found that the inhibitory effect of protocatechuic acid on platelet aggregation did not affect blood production, coagulation time, or coagulation function, reducing the drug resistance and frequent bleeding caused by aspirin. Conclusion Protocatechuic acid could selectively inhibit high shear force-induced platelet aggregation without affecting blood clotting function, However, the effect of the combination of the Protocatechuic acid and aspirin or other drugs remains to be studied. Therefore, we will conduct further studies on protocatechuic acid for new antithrombotic drugs, which can prevent thrombosis without affecting clotting time.
Middle Cerebral Artery-to-Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index Ratio Independently Predicts Adverse Perinatal Outcome in Pregnancies at Term
Authors: Zhou Sufen , Guo Hongyan , Liu Heng , Li Mingqun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate potential predictors, including cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), middle cerebral artery (MCA)/uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) ratio, for adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancies at term.Methods: This was an observational, prospective study of recruited pregnancies at term. An adverse perinatal outcome was set as the primary observational endpoint. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to investigate the predictive and cut-off values of risk factors for adverse perinatal outcome. Independent risk factors (maternal, neonatal, prenatal ultrasound and Doppler variables) for adverse perinatal outcome were evaluated by the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results: A total of 392 pregnancies at term were included and 19.4% of them had suffered adverse perinatal outcome. CPR (OR: 0.42, 95%CI: 0.20-0.93, P=0.032) and MCA/uterine artery PI ratio (OR: 0.25, 95%CI: 0.16-0.42, P=0.032) were two independent risk factors for adverse perinatal outcome by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Conclusions: MCA/uterine artery PI ratio is a good predictor of adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancies at term.
WITHDRAWN: Intra-Ovarian Injection of Bone Marrow c-Kit+ Cells Induced Ovarian Rejuvenation in Menopausal Rats
Authors: Sheshpari Sepideh , Shahnazi Mahnaz , Ahmadian Shahin , Nouri Mohammad , Abbasi Mehran Mesgari , Beheshti Rahim , Rahbarghazi Reza , Honaramooz Ali , Mahdipour Mahdi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a condition caused by ovarian insuffiency during the reproductive age that affects ~1% of women globally. Many attempts have been collected to find feasible and effective approach to reduce POF consequences in females. In this regard, cell-based therapies with certain cell types are touted as novel and hopeful therapeutic intervention in the clinical setting. Methods: To evaluate the restoration of ovarian function after intra-ovarian transplantation of bone marrow-derived c-Kit+ cells, a rat model of ovarian failure was produced. Rats were treated with 160 mg/kg/BW of 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide (VCD) for 15 consecutive days. Using magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) technique, freshly isolated rat bone marrow-derived c-Kit+ and c-Kit- cells (4×105 cells/10 µL) were enriched and transplanted into the ovaries of treatment and control animals, respectively. Prior to transplantation as well as 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks post-transplantation, randomly-selected rats were euthanized and ovarian tissues were subjected to pathohistological examinations and real-time PCR analyses.Results: Premature ovarian failure (POF) status was confirmed by the presence of pathological features and a decreased number of immature and mature follicles compared with control group (p<0.05). Histological examination revealed a substantial reduction of atretic follicles in POF rats receiving c-Kit+ cells in comparison with POF rats that did not receive these cells (p<0.05). Compared with control samples, angiogenesis-related genes, Angpt2 and KDR, showed increased and decreased expression in POF ovaries, respectively (p<0.05). c-Kit+ cells had potential to restore angiogenesis in the ovarian tissue to within normal ranges. Systemic levels of FSH did not significantly change in pre- or post-transplantation time points for any group (p>0.05). Notable reduction of collagen deposition was found in c-Kit treated rats. Transplantation of c-Kit+ cells also restored the reduced fertility rate (p<0.05).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that intra-ovarian administration of bone marrow-derived c-Kit+ cells can modulate angiogenesis signaling and pathological changes, leading to the rejuvenation of ovarian function of a rat model of premature menopause.
Assessing Clinical Change in Individuals Exposed to Repetitive Head Impacts: The Repetitive Head Impact Composite Index
Authors: Bernick Charles , Shan Guogen , Bennett Lauren , Alberts Jay , Cummings Jeffrey 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There is a current lack of any composite measure for the effective tracking and monitoring of executive function in individuals exposed to repetitive head impacts (RHI). The aim of this study is to create a composite instrument for the purposes of detecting change over time in executive function in individuals exposed to RHI.Methods: The data to derive the composite instrument came from the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study (PFBHS), a longitudinal study of active and retired professional fighters (boxers and mixed martial arts [MMA] fighters) and healthy controls. Participants in the PFBHS underwent assessment on an annual basis that included computerized cognitive testing and behavioral questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to compare active fighters (n=117) with controls (n=22), and retired fighters (n=26) with controls to identify the predictors that could be used to differentiate the groups over time. In a second step, linear discriminant analysis was performed to derive the linear discriminant coefficients for the three groups by using the predictors from the two separate logistic regression models.Results: The composite scale is a weighted linear value of 12 standardized scores consisting of both current and yearly change scores in domains including: processing speed, choice reaction time, semantic fluency, letter fluency, and Barrett Impulsiveness Scale. Because the weighting of values differed between active and retired fighters, two versions emerged. The mean and standard deviation ratio (MSDR) showed that the new index had better sensitivity compared to the individual measures, with the ratio of MSDR of the new index to that of the existing measures of at least 1.84.Conclusion: With the increasing need for tools to follow individuals exposed to RHI and the potential of clinical trials on the horizon for CTE, the RHICI is poised to serve as an initial approach to a composite clinical measure.
Prediction of Distant Metastatic Recurrence by Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Takada Koji , Kashiwagi Shinichiro , Asano Yuka , Goto Wataru , Morisaki Tamami , Fujita Hisakazu , Shibutani Masatsune , Takashima Tsutomu , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer subtypes are known to have different sites of metastatic recurrence. Distant metastases are often seen during the post-operative course in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-enriched breast cancer (HER2BC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) while being relatively rare in those with hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer (HR+HER2-BC). Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can serve as an index to monitor tumor immune microenvironment and possibly predict the prognosis and therapeutic effect in breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between TIL density and recurrence site in HR+HER2-BC.Methods: Four-hundred and seventy-one patients with HR+HER2-BC underwent surgery as the first treatment and received adjuvant endocrine therapy except adjuvant chemotherapy at the Osaka City University Hospital from April 2007 to October 2015. To evaluate tumor morphology and examine TILs, needle biopsy specimens were used. Morphological assessment was conducted using conventional hematoxylin and eosin staining.Results: Forty-two patients had a recurrence of breast cancer. In patients with no TIL density, local recurrence was significantly less (p = 0.022), while distant metastases were significantly more (p = 0.015) compared to those in patients with TIL density. Therefore, for the prediction of distant metastases in HR+HER2-BC without chemotherapy, TILs could be used as predictors in univariate analysis (p = 0.015, odds ratio [OR] = 0.127), although not as independent factors (p = 0.285, OR = 0.144).Conclusions: We concluded that TILs may be able to predict distant metastatic recurrence in stages I–II of HR+HER2-BC.
Amylin-mediated regulation of LRP1 by miR-103/107 induces cerebral microvascular dysfunction and impairs β-amyloid efflux
Authors: Velmurugan Gopal , Ly Han , Sharma Savita , Verma Nirmal , Despa Sanda , Nelson Peter T , Goldstein Larry B , Despa Florin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The cerebral small blood vessels of individuals with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) often have deposits of amylin, an amyloid-forming protein secreted in the blood by pancreatic β-cells. To determine whether systemic pancreatic amylin dyshomeostasis impairs amyloid β (Aβ) efflux across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), we studied cerebral microvessels in humans and rats with pancreatic expression of amyloidogenic human amylin, and evaluated the effect of human amylin in an in vitro BBB model. Methods: Brain sections from AD and cognitively unimpaired individuals were co-stained with anti-Aβ and anti-amylin antibodies. In vivo analyses of Aβ efflux across the BBB were carried out in aged rats that express amyloid-forming human amylin in pancreatic β-cells and littermates expressing non-amyloidogenic rat amylin. We also used an in vitro BBB model of Aβ transcytosis in which the endothelial cell monolayer was exposed to amylin-mediated stress to determine whether amylin stress downregulates LRP1, the Aβ efflux transporter. This allowed us to use pharmacology to rescue the endothelial LRP1. Results: In human AD brains, Aβ accumulation within the perivascular space frequently co-localized with deposits of amylin in the vessel wall. In rats with pancreatic expression of amyloid-forming human amylin, the high blood levels of human amylin promoted amylin deposition in brain capillaries, increased brain Aβ level, lowered plasma-to-brain Aβ ratio and suppressed expression of LRP1 protein. In vitro BBB model experiment revealed that amylin-induced stress downregulates LRP1 in endothelial cells through a miRNA-based translational repression mechanism. Conclusions: High blood human amylin levels cause cerebral microvascular dysfunction and interfere with Aβ efflux across the BBB through miRNA-mediated LRP1 downregulation. Lowering the blood amylin level in early AD could improve Aβ clearance from the brain.
Primary Aortic Aneurysm Characterized by Herald Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: wang yadan , wu jing , wang canghai , wang jing , ding pengpeng , wang yun , liu hong , guo chunmei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: We describe a case series of patients diagnosed with Primary aortic aneurysm characterized by herald gastrointestinal bleeding, reviewed the literature, aimed to identify and treat such patients without delay, reduce fatality rate.Materials and methods: We reviewed a case series of Primary aortic aneurysm in the Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affliated to the Capital Medical University. Each patient was admitted to hospital with gastrointestinal bleeding as main complaint, and was diagnosed by CT or endoscopy. Then characteristics of endoscopy and CT were analyzed. Results: 3 patients were enrolled. In case 1, hematoma was formed after a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm, and compression of the hematoma led to ischemic colitis, abdominal pain and hematochezia were the main symptoms. In case 2 and case 3, aortic gastrointestinal fistula were found in the duodenum and esophagus, respectively, abdominal pain, melena and hematochezia were the main symptoms. Conclusion: A timely and accurate diagnosis of Primary aortic aneurysm may be challenging due to insidious episodes of GI bleeding, which are frequently under-diagnosed until the occurrence of massive hemorrhage. Clinical physicians should keep a high index of awareness for Primary aortic aneurysm.
Load Balancing in Software-Defined Networking using Controller Placement
Authors: Nejadnik Hamid , Sadeghi Rasool , Imani Sayed Mahdi Faghih 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Software Defined Networking (SDN) is a novel architecture that separates the data plane from the control plane using an external controller. Similar to traditional networks, load balancing has a great impact on the performance and availability of SDN. Therefore, the Controller Placement Problem (CPP) in SDN influences on the load balancing solutions. In this paper, various topologies of CPP including different load balancer controllers are simulated and evaluated in the SDN using the OFSwitch13 module of ns-3 network simulator. The results provide a solid comparison of the proposed topologies in different network situations.
Should We Care About Plasmodium Vivax and HIV Coinfection? A Systematic Review and a Cases Series From the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Del-Tejo Paola López , Cubas-Vega Nadia , Caraballo-Guerra Cecilia , Silva Bernardo Maia da , Valente Jefferson da Silva , Sampaio Vanderson Souza , Baia Djane Clarys , Castro Daniel Barros , Martinez-Espinosa Flor Ernestina , Siqueira André Machado , Lacerda Marcus Vinícius Guimarães , Monteiro Wuelton Marcelo , Val Fernando 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background. Malaria and HIV are two important public health issues. However, data on HIV-Plasmodium vivax co-infection (HIV/PvCo) is scarce, with most of the available data related to P. falciparum in the African region. It is unclear whether HIV can change the clinical course of Plasmodium vivax (Pv) malaria, and thereby increase the risk of complications. In this study, a systematic review of the HIV/PvCo is presented, including new cases from the Brazilian Amazon. Methods. Medical records from a tertiary care center in the Western Brazilian Amazon (2009 to 2018) were reviewed to identify HIV/PvCo hospitalized patients. Demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics, and outcomes are reported. We also performed a systematic review of published studies on HIV/PvCo. Metadata, number of HIV/PvCo cases, demographic, clinical, and outcome data were extracted if available. Results. A total of 1048 vivax malaria patients were hospitalized in the 10-year period; 21 (2.0%) were HIV/PvCo cases, of which nine (42.9%) had AIDS-defining illnesses. For eleven (52.4%) patients, this was their first malaria infection. Seven (33.3%) patients were unaware of their HIV status and were diagnosed at hospitalization. Severe malaria criteria were found in 5 (23.8%) patients. One patient died. The systematic review provided 17 articles (12 cross-sectional or longitudinal studies and 5 case report studies). A higher prevalence of studies involved cases in African and Asian countries (35.3% and 29.4%, respectively), and the prevalence of reported co-infections ranged from 0.1 to 60%. Cases of severe malaria-HIV coinfection were not reported. Conclusion. Reports of HIV/PvCo are scarce in the literature, with only a few studies describing clinical and laboratory outcomes. Systematic screening for both co-infections are not performed, and therefore, a realistic prevalence of HIV/PvCo is absent. This study showed a low prevalence of HIV/PvCo, despite local malaria and HIV high prevalence. Even though relatively small, this is the largest case series to describe HIV/PvCo.