bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on fracturing fluid filtration fracturing technology
Authors: Bin Sun , Wenting Zeng , Shuling Zhang , Dong Chen , Hongzhao Peng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The filtration of fracturing fluid is one of the important factors that affect the effect of fracturing construction. Therefore, it is of great significance to study fracturing fluid loss for fracturing technology. Based on the fracturing fluid filtration theory, the fluid loss coefficient is used to describe the loss of the fracturing fluid in the formation. At the same time, according to the different formation conditions, the corresponding pressure drop analysis model is used to describe the pressure falling process. According to a target area, the filter loss parameter is calculated by combining the filtration mechanism and the pressure drop pressure drop analysis model. It is necessary to study the fracturing fluid technology and optimize the fracturing fluid with the concentration of 4% of the filtrate reducer, which is compared with the original formula with the concentration of 1% of the original filtrate loss agent. The loss coefficient is reduced by 44.13% on average, which can better meet the actual demand.
Study on a solid slow dissolution sphere with corrosion inhibition
Authors: Guo Ruhui , Zhang Lihui , Yan Meifang , Liu Zhan , Sun Lijing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Many substances with excellent corrosion inhibition can’t be dissolved into aqueous solution according to the amount required by the formulation due to poor solubility, thus reducing the corrosion inhibition effect of the agent. Therefore, a spherical solid corrosion inhibitor has been developed. The effect of dosage and temperature on the corrosion inhibition rate was studied by corrosion test. The results showed that the best dosage of corrosion inhibition ball was 28.5mg/l, and the corrosion inhibition rate decreased with the increase of temperature. When the water temperature was 35 °C, 45 °C and 55 °C, the corrosion rates of carbon steel were 0.0243mm/a, 0.0306mm/a and 0.0559mm/a, which were lower than the national standard 0.075 mm / a indicating that the inhibitor has good corrosion resistance.
Failure analysis and revamping methods for loading threaded joints of raiseboring machine
Authors: Jing Guoye , Hu Fuwen , Chen Yun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The process of raise boring (or back reaming) has been successfully employed for vertical mine development. The technology has successfully evolved from early small borehole diameter less than 2m to large diameter greater than 8m without incident. However, in our developed raise boring machines, the threaded joints connecting reamers and drill rods suffered several fracture accidents during reaming in different geological and geotechnical conditions. Under this background, it is undoubtedly of great engineering value to explore the failure mechanisms and put forward systematic quality control and risk control measures.
The fractured threaded joints were visually examined on-site, and then examined in the laboratory using fractographic and metallographic examination, mechanical testing and chemical composition analysis. Firstly, the end faces of threaded joints could not to be installed to fit the end faces of spindles due to over-specified tolerances or insufficient preload. Secondly, it was found that the manganese (Mn) contents in material samples are higher than the national standards values. Thirdly, the heat treatment of water-quenching of workpieces perhaps caused a certain degree of residual stresses. Clearly this systematic inspection suggested we should take overall improvements to eliminate the potential failure mechanisms. After check and measurement of product and process performance, the cause-and-effect relationships undoubtedly were complex and multifaceted. Therefore, the component was redesigned using revamping methods including material compositions upgrade, fitting tolerances control, optimization of heat treatment process. Moreover, a systems approach and the institution of quality management system including increasing the preload, adding anti-dropping device and executing a Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle were implemented. Through this investigation and recommendations, the device has been in operation for more than two years without any problems.
Machine learning reveals complex behaviours in optically trapped particles
Authors: Lenton Isaac C D , Volpe Giovanni , Stilgoe Alexander B , Nieminen Timo A , Rubinsztein-Dunlop Halina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Since their invention in the 1980s, optical tweezers have found a wide range of applications, from biophotonics and mechanobiology to microscopy and optomechanics. Simulations of the motion of microscopic particles held by optical tweezers are often required to explore complex phenomena and to interpret experimental data. For the sake of computational efficiency, these simulations usually model the optical tweezers as an harmonic potential. However, more physically-accurate optical-scattering models are required to accurately model more onerous systems; this is especially true for optical traps generated with complex fields. Although accurate, these models tend to be prohibitively slow for problems with more than one or two degrees of freedom (DoF), which has limited their broad adoption. Here, we demonstrate that machine learning permits one to combine the speed of the harmonic model with the accuracy of optical-scattering models. Specifically, we show that a neural network can be trained to rapidly and accurately predict the optical forces acting on a microscopic particle. We demonstrate the utility of this approach on two phenomena that are prohibitively slow to accurately simulate otherwise: the escape dynamics of swelling microparticles in an optical trap, and the rotation rates of particles in a superposition of beams with opposite orbital angular momenta. Thanks to its high speed and accuracy, this method can greatly enhance the range of phenomena that can be efficiently simulated and studied.
Using molecular dynamic simulations to describe the solid-liquid phase transition of lead nanoparticles with different nano-geometries
Authors: Sun Ruochen , Feng Zhichao , Gao Song , Liu Pingan , Qi Hui , Song Naimeng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this study, three lead (Pb) nanoparticles, including cone, sphere and cylinder, are modeled and melted using molecular dynamic (MD) simulations. The choice of initial geometries mainly affects the initial and middle stages of phase transition. Initially, the melting point of the cone model is much lower than other two models. This is because the transition of the cone model is induced by its sharp edge, which is prone to be melted. Then, the transition of all models keeps toward the centre of mass. Meanwhile, cone and cylinder models are deformed into spheres. The deforming rate is higher than transition. Finally, all three models were fully melted into the shape of the spheres. Therefore, initial Pb nano-geometries do not affect the final stage of the phase transition.
Thrombolysis and use of argatroban for the treatment of massive pulmonary embolism following anticoagulation failure in a patient with COVID-19
Authors: Sagardia Lisa M , Daniels Lisa M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Purpose
Successful use of alteplase and argatroban to treat a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–associated massive pulmonary embolism with cardiac arrest is reported.

Summary
This case report describes a 42-year-old male with COVID-19 who developed a massive pulmonary embolism resulting in cardiac arrest after suspected failure of low-molecular-weight heparin therapy for a deep venous thrombosis. Administration of two 50-mg doses of intravenous alteplase resulted in return of spontaneous circulation, and low-dose argatroban was used as follow-up anticoagulation therapy without complications. This is the first case report of use of argatroban in a patient with COVID-19 with cardiac arrest–associated massive pulmonary embolism after failure of previous anticoagulation efforts.

Conclusion
Argatroban may be used as an alternate anticoagulation strategy in COVID-19 patients who fail low-molecular weight therapy. A risk versus benefit discussion should be had regarding appropriateness of therapy as well as dosing. More data is needed to understand the unique hypercoagulable condition in COVID-19 patients as well as research that further highlights the role of argatroban and bivalirudin therapy in this patient population.
Decontamination Strategies for Filtering Facepiece Respirators (FFRs) in Healthcare Organizations: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Jena Ashok Kumar , Sharan Jitendra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) are made for one-time use. A massive shortage of FFRs is widespread during pandemic events and has forced many healthcare organizations to decontaminate them and re-use for a limited time. Many decontamination methods have been proposed for the decontamination of FFRs. This review highlights various aspects of decontamination methods available in the literature. Among various methods available, vaporized hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet irradiation, and dry heat seem to be the most promising decontaminants for FFRs. On the other hand, microwave, bleach, ethylene oxide, alcohol, hydrogen peroxide liquid, sanitizing wipes, and soap and water are not recommended methods for FFR decontamination.
MCPeSe: Monte Carlo penalty selection for graphical lasso
Authors: Kuismin Markku , Sillanpää Mikko J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Graphical lasso (Glasso) is a widely used tool for identifying gene regulatory networks in systems biology. However, its computational efficiency depends on the choice of regularization parameter (tuning parameter), and selecting this parameter can be highly time consuming. Although fully Bayesian implementations of Glasso alleviate this problem somewhat by specifying a priori distribution for the parameter, these approaches lack the scalability of their frequentist counterparts.

Results
Here, we present a new Monte Carlo Penalty Selection method (MCPeSe), a computationally efficient approach to regularization parameter selection for Glasso. MCPeSe combines the scalability and low computational cost of the frequentist Glasso with the ability to automatically choose the regularization by Bayesian Glasso modeling. MCPeSe provides a state-of-the-art ‘tuning-free’ model selection criterion for Glasso and allows exploration of the posterior probability distribution of the tuning parameter.

Availability and implementation
R source code of MCPeSe, a step by step example showing how to apply MCPeSe and a collection of scripts used to prepare the material in this article are publicly available at GitHub under GPL (https://github.com/markkukuismin/MCPeSe/).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
CoV-AbDab: the coronavirus antibody database
Authors: Raybould Matthew I J , Kovaltsuk Aleksandr , Marks Claire , Deane Charlotte M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Motivation
The emergence of a novel strain of betacoronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has led to a pandemic that has been associated with over 700 000 deaths as of August 5, 2020. Research is ongoing around the world to create vaccines and therapies to minimize rates of disease spread and mortality. Crucial to these efforts are molecular characterizations of neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Such antibodies would be valuable for measuring vaccine efficacy, diagnosing exposure and developing effective biotherapeutics. Here, we describe our new database, CoV-AbDab, which already contains data on over 1400 published/patented antibodies and nanobodies known to bind to at least one betacoronavirus. This database is the first consolidation of antibodies known to bind SARS-CoV-2 as well as other betacoronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV. It contains relevant metadata including evidence of cross-neutralization, antibody/nanobody origin, full variable domain sequence (where available) and germline assignments, epitope region, links to relevant PDB entries, homology models and source literature.

Results
On August 5, 2020, CoV-AbDab referenced sequence information on 1402 anti-coronavirus antibodies and nanobodies, spanning 66 papers and 21 patents. Of these, 1131 bind to SARS-CoV-2.

Availabilityand implementation
CoV-AbDab is free to access and download without registration at http://opig.stats.ox.ac.uk/webapps/coronavirus. Community submissions are encouraged.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Experiences of Domestic Violence among Newly Arrived Afghan Women in Australia, a Qualitative Study
Authors: Afrouz Rojan , Crisp Beth R , Taket Ann 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe voice of Afghan women has been little heard, particularly in Australia and other western societies, despite the considerable number living in those societies. The main aim of this study was to understand Afghan women’s experiences of domestic violence and their perceptions about the extent of domestic violence among the Afghan community in Australia. The study involved semi-structured interviews with twenty-one Afghan women who had been living in Australia between six months and ten years. The interviews were conducted in either Farsi (Persian) or English according to participant’s preferences. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. An inductive analysis of the data was used to explore details and build main themes. Some women spoke about their experiences of domestic violence, mainly psychological and emotional violence. Although women insisted that domestic violence was prevalent and widespread in both contexts, many remarked that Afghan women were less vulnerable to physical violence in Australia than in Afghanistan. This article concludes with a number of implications for social work practice based on the study findings.
Mechanisms of Gatekeeping in the Social Work Profession: Lessons Learned from Canada, Hong Kong and South Korea
Authors: Yan Miu Chung , Lee Jinah , Chan Edward Ko Ling 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Striving to be a full-fledged profession with statutorily delegated self-regulatory authority has been a goal of the social work profession in many countries since Abraham Flexner’s (1915 ‘Is social work a profession?’, Paper presented at the Forty-Second Annual Session of The National Conference of Charities and Correction, Baltimore, MD, pp. 581, 584–8, 590. denial of its professional status in the USA. A full self-regulation requires two gatekeeping mechanisms: professional education and registration. Whereas professional social work education has been in place in many parts of the world, the establishment of a mandatory registration system is still limited to a few countries. Although two mechanisms share the same mandate and function as self-regulation, they tend to be discussed separately in the literature. How they connect and work with each other is seldom explored. In this article, by examining the development of these two mechanisms in Canada, Hong Kong and South Korea, we present three different ways of how these mechanisms are connected and discuss observations of those connections.
Propagated α-synucleinopathy recapitulates REM sleep behaviour disorder followed by parkinsonian phenotypes in mice
Authors: Shen Yan , Yu Wen-Bo , Shen Bo , Dong Hui , Zhao Jue , Tang Yi-Lin , Fan Yun , Yang Yan-Fei , Sun Yi-Min , Luo Su-Shan , Chen Chen , Liu Feng-Tao , Wu Jian-Jun , Xiao Bao-Guo , Yu Huan , Koprich James B , Huang Zhi-Li , Wang Jian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is now recognized as an early manifestation of α-synucleinopathies. Increasing experimental studies demonstrate that manipulative lesion or inactivation of the neurons within the sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus (also known as the subcoeruleus nucleus in humans) can induce RBD-like behaviours in animals. As current RBD animal models are not established on the basis of α-synucleinopathy, they do not represent the pathological substrate of idiopathic RBD and thus cannot model the phenoconversion to Parkinson’s disease. The purpose of this study was therefore to establish an α-synucleinopathy-based RBD animal model with the potential to convert to parkinsonian disorder. To this end, we first determined the functional neuroanatomical location of the sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus in wild-type C57BL/6J mice and then validated its function by recapitulating RBD-like behaviours based on this determined nucleus. Next, we injected preformed α-synuclein fibrils into the sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus and performed regular polysomnographic recordings and parkinsonian behavioural and histopathological studies in these mice. As a result, we recapitulated RBD-like behaviours in the mice and further showed that the α-synucleinopathy and neuron degeneration identified within the sublaterodorsal tegmental nucleus acted as the neuropathological substrates. Subsequent parkinsonian behavioural studies indicated that the α-synucleinopathy-based RBD mouse model were not stationary, but could further progress to display parkinsonian locomotor dysfunction, depression-like disorder, olfactory dysfunction and gastrointestinal dysmotility. Corresponding to that, we determined α-synuclein pathology in the substantia nigra pars compacta, olfactory bulb, enteral neuroplexus and dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve, which could underlie the parkinsonian manifestations in mice. In conclusion, we established a novel α-synucleinopathy-based RBD mouse model and further demonstrated the phenoconversion of RBD to Parkinson’s disease in this animal model.
Acute Myocardial Infarction and Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: McNamara John F , Harris Patrick N A , Chatfield Mark D , Paterson David L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
The relationship between acute myocardial infarction and infection was recognized in the early 20th century during influenza epidemics. Most recently, a case control study and a self-control design study have identified an association between Staphylococcus aureus infection and acute myocardial infarction. We assessed the association of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (CA-SABSI) and myocardial infarction in the 365 days following blood culture.

Methods
This was a cohort study assessing the incidence of myocardial infarction 365 days after blood culture for Staphylococcus aureus. Culture-negative patients had blood cultures collected at hospital attendance and were matched to the CA-SABSI participants by sex, 5-year age strata, and year of culture collection. Pathology information was linked to hospital administrative data and index of relative socioeconomic advantage and disadvantage (ISRAD).

Results
The study included 5157 CA-SABSI cases matched to 10 146 blood culture–negative cases. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the CA-SABSI group (10.9%; 562/5157) than in culture-negative cases (5.1%; 521/10 146) at 365 days (P &lt; .0001). In the 7 days following the index blood culture, excluding recurrent events, there were 89 (1.7%) and 37 (.4%) myocardial infarction diagnoses in the CA-SABSI and culture-negative cases, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression for myocardial infarction demonstrated a significant association with CA-SABSI after adjusting for known risk factors (odds ratio [OR], 5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.3–7.5; P &lt; .0001). Myocardial infarctions occurring in this short-term risk period were associated with all-cause mortality in a Cox proportional hazard model (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2–2.4; P &lt; .005).

Conclusions
CA-SABSI is associated with an increased short-term risk of myocardial infarction, which is associated with subsequent mortality.
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in England, 1999–2017
Authors: Kirwan Peter D , Amin-Chowdhury Zahin , Croxford Sara E , Sheppard Carmen , Fry Norman , Delpech Valerie C , Ladhani Shamez N 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
The 7-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) were introduced into the UK childhood immunization program in 2006 and 2010, respectively, with high effectiveness and resulting in both direct and indirect protection. We describe the epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in England following the introduction of both PCVs.

Methods
Data on a national cohort of people with HIV were linked to confirmed IPD cases in adults aged ≥ 15 years during 1999–2017. Date of HIV infection was estimated using a CD4 slope decline algorithm.

Results
Among 133 994 adults with HIV, 1453 developed IPD during 1999–2017, with 70% (1016/1453) developing IPD ≥ 3 months after their HIV diagnosis. IPD and HIV were codiagnosed within 90 days in 345 (24%) individuals. A missed opportunity for earlier HIV diagnosis was identified in 6% (89/1453), mostly in earlier years. IPD incidence in people with HIV increased from 147/100 000 in 1999 to 284/100 000 in 2007 before declining and stabilizing between 92 and 113/100 000 during 2014–2017. Mean annual IPD incidence was lower among those receiving antiretroviral therapy during 2014–17 (68 vs 720/100 000; incidence rate ratio [IRR] 9.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.3–11.8; P &lt; .001) and was markedly lower in those with a suppressed viral load (50 vs 523/100 000; IRR 10.4; 95% CI, 7.6–14.1; P &lt; .001). The latter group still had 4.5-fold higher (95% CI, 3.8–5.3; P &lt; .001) IPD incidence compared to the general population (11.2/100 000).

Conclusions
IPD incidence among people with HIV reduced after PCV13 introduction and has remained stable. Adults presenting with IPD should continue to be tested for HIV infection.
Can kidney parenchyma metabolites serve as prognostic biomarkers for long-term kidney function after nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma? A preliminary study
Authors: Rosenzweig Barak , Recabal Pedro , Gluck Caroline , Coleman Jonathan A , Susztak Katalin , Hakimi A Ari , Jaimes Edgar A , Weiss Robert H 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveNephrectomy, the standard of care for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), may lead to kidney function loss. Our goal was to identify prognostic biomarkers of postoperative renal function using metabolomics.MethodsMetabolomics data from benign kidney parenchyma were collected prospectively from 138 patients with RCC who underwent nephrectomy at a single institution. The primary endpoint was the difference between the postoperative and preoperative estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) rate divided by the elapsed time (eGFR slope). eGFR slope was calculated ∼2 years post-nephrectomy (GFR1), and at last follow-up (GFR2). A multivariate regularized regression model identified clinical characteristics and abundance of metabolites in baseline benign kidney parenchyma that were significantly associated with eGFR slope. Findings were validated by associating gene expression data with eGFR slope in an independent cohort (n = 58).ResultsData were compiled on 78 patients (median age 62.6 years, 65.4% males). The mean follow-up was 25 ± 3.4 months for GFR1 and 69.5 ± 23.5 months for GFR2 and 17 (22%) and 32 (41%) patients showed eGFR recovery, respectively. Nephrectomy type, blood lipids, gender and 23 metabolites from benign parenchyma were significantly associated with eGFR slope. Some metabolites associated with eGFR slope overlapped with previously reported chronic kidney disease-related processes. Subgroup analysis identified unique ‘metabolite signatures’ by older age, nephrectomy type and preoperative eGFR.ConclusionsNephrectomy type, gender, blood lipids and benign parenchyma metabolites at nephrectomy were associated with long-term kidney function. On further study, these metabolites may be useful as potential biomarkers and to identify novel therapeutic targets for malignancy-associated renal disease.