bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On tests for symmetry and radial symmetry of bivariate copulas towards testing for ellipticity
Authors: Jaser Miriam , Min Aleksey 
Published: May 2020

AbstractVery simple non-parametric tests are proposed to detect symmetry and radial symmetry in the dependence structure of bivariate copula data. The performance of the proposed tests is illustrated in an intensive simulation study and compared to the one of similar more advanced tests, which do not require known margins. Further, a powerful non-parametric testing procedure to decide whether the dependence structure of the underlying bivariate copula data may be captured by an elliptical copula is provided. The testing procedure makes use of intrinsic properties of bivariate elliptical copulas such as symmetry, radial symmetry, and equality of Kendall’s tau and Blomqvist’s beta. The proposed tests as well as the testing procedure are very simple to use in applications. For an illustration of the testing procedure for ellipticity, financial and insurance data is analyzed.
Vaginal laser for overactive bladder syndrome
Authors: Charalampous Ioannis , Tailor Visha K. , Digesu Alex 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOveractive bladder syndrome (OAB) is defined as urinary urgency, usually with urinary frequency and nocturia, with or without urge urinary incontinence. The prevalence of OAB in adult women ranges between 11% and 42%, is particularly common in elderly people, and can overlap with the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). There is a wide approach to the treatment of symptoms, often in a stepwise fashion, including lifestyle changes, bladder retraining and pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation, drug therapy, intra-vesical botulinum toxin injections or neuromodulation. Recently, vaginal laser therapy has been proposed as an emerging minimal invasive effective treatment option for women with OAB. We explore this further.
Polyhedral Billiards, Eigenfunction Concentration and Almost Periodic Control
Authors: Cekić Mihajlo , Georgiev Bogdan , Mukherjee Mayukh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe study dynamical properties of the billiard flow on convex polyhedra away from a neighbourhood of the non-smooth part of the boundary, called “pockets”. We prove there are only finitely many immersed periodic tubes missing the pockets and moreover establish a new quantitative estimate for the lengths of such tubes. This extends well-known results in dimension 2. We then apply these dynamical results to prove a quantitative Laplace eigenfunction mass concentration near the pockets of convex polyhedral billiards. As a technical tool for proving our concentration results on irrational polyhedra, we establish a control-theoretic estimate on a product space with an almost-periodic boundary condition. This extends previously known control estimates for periodic boundary conditions, and seems to be of independent interest.
Pharmaceuticals and Environment: a web-based decision support for considering environmental aspects of medicines in use
Authors: Ramström Helena , Martini Siv , Borgendahl Johanna , Ågerstrand Marlene , Lärfars Gerd , Ovesjö Marie-Louise 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The database Pharmaceuticals and Environment is a non-commercial, freely available web-based decision support presenting compiled environmental information for pharmaceutical substances. It was developed by Region Stockholm and launched in 2016 at janusinfo.se. The purpose of this paper is to present the database, report on its current use, and reflect on lessons learned from developing and managing the database.

Methods
A standard operating procedure describes the work and content of the database, e.g., how information is retrieved, processed, and presented. Google Analytics was used for metrics. Issues related to the database have been discussed and handled by a reference group. The experiences from this work are presented.

Results
The database contains environmental hazard and risk information, primarily gathered from regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical companies. There are also assessments comparing substances within some groups of pharmaceuticals. The database is used by the Swedish Drug and Therapeutics Committees to include environmental aspects when recommending pharmaceuticals for health care providers. Page views show that users primarily look for information on commonly used substances, e.g., diclofenac and paracetamol/acetaminophen. Major problems for the development of the database are lack of data, lack of transparency, and discrepancies in the available environmental information.

Conclusion
In the absence of an adequate decision support produced by the regulatory authorities, we find the database Pharmaceuticals and Environment to be useful for Swedish Drug and Therapeutics Committees and health care providers, and it is our belief that the information can be valuable also in other settings.
EANM practice guideline/SNMMI procedure standard for dopaminergic imaging in Parkinsonian syndromes 1.0
Authors: Morbelli Silvia , Esposito Giuseppe , Arbizu Javier , Barthel Henryk , Boellaard Ronald , Bohnen Nico I. , Brooks David J , Darcourt Jacques , Dickson John C. , Douglas David , Drzezga Alexander , Dubroff Jacob , Ekmekcioglu Ozgul , Garibotto Valentina , Herscovitch Peter , Kuo Phillip , Lammertsma Adriaan , Pappata Sabina , Peñuelas Iván , Seibyl John , Semah Franck , Tossici-Bolt Livia , Van de Giessen Elsmarieke , Van Laere Koen , Varrone Andrea , Wanner Michele , Zubal George , Law Ian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This joint practice guideline or procedure standard was developed collaboratively by the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) and the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI). The goal of this guideline is to assist nuclear medicine practitioners in recommending, performing, interpreting, and reporting the results of dopaminergic imaging in parkinsonian syndromes.

Methods
Currently nuclear medicine investigations can assess both presynaptic and postsynaptic function of dopaminergic synapses. To date both EANM and SNMMI have published procedural guidelines for dopamine transporter imaging with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (in 2009 and 2011, respectively). An EANM guideline for D2 SPECT imaging is also available (2009). Since the publication of these previous guidelines, new lines of evidence have been made available on semiquantification, harmonization, comparison with normal datasets, and longitudinal analyses of dopamine transporter imaging with SPECT. Similarly, details on acquisition protocols and simplified quantification methods are now available for dopamine transporter imaging with PET, including recently developed fluorinated tracers. Finally, [18F]fluorodopa PET is now used in some centers for the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism, although procedural guidelines aiming to define standard procedures for [18F]fluorodopa imaging in this setting are still lacking.

Conclusion
All these emerging issues are addressed in the present procedural guidelines for dopaminergic imaging in parkinsonian syndromes.
Major Climate risks and Adaptation Strategies of Smallholder Farmers in Coastal Bangladesh
Authors: Aryal Jeetendra Prakash , Sapkota Tek Bahadur , Rahut Dil Bahadur , Krupnik Timothy J. , Shahrin Sumona , Jat M. L. , Stirling Clare M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRural households in South Asia’s coastal deltas face numerous livelihood challenges, including risks posed by climatic variability and extreme weather events. This study examines major climate risks, farmers’ adaptation strategies, and the factors affecting the choice of those strategies using data collected from 630 households in southwestern coastal Bangladesh. Farmers identified cyclones, excessive rain and flooding, and salinity as direct climate risks. Increased crop diseases/pests and livestock diseases were perceived as indirect risks resulting from climatic variability. Farmers used multiple adaptation strategies against those risks such as modifications in farm management, use of savings and borrowing funds from family and neighbors, and periodically reducing household food consumption. Off-farm employment and seeking assistance from governmental as well as non-governmental organizations (NGOs) were also common adaptation strategies. The results show that male-headed households are more likely to change farming practices and reduce consumption compared with female-headed households that conversely tended to take assistance from NGOs as an adaptation strategy. Ownership of land and livestock, as well as farmers’ prior exposure to climate change and educational training, also had a significant effect on the choice of adaptation strategy. Therefore, development interventions and policies that aimed at improving resource endowment and training to farmers on climatic risks and their adaptation strategies can help minimize the impact of climatic risks.
Allogeneic cardiosphere-derived cells (CAP-1002) in critically ill COVID-19 patients: compassionate-use case series
Authors: Singh Siddharth , Chakravarty Tarun , Chen Peter , Akhmerov Akbarshakh , Falk Jeremy , Friedman Oren , Zaman Tanzira , Ebinger Joseph E. , Gheorghiu Mitch , Marbán Linda , Marbán Eduardo , Makkar Raj R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThere are no definitive therapies for patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies are needed to improve clinical outcomes, particularly in patients with severe disease. This case series explores the safety and effectiveness of intravenous allogeneic cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs), formulated as CAP-1002, in critically ill patients with confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Adverse reactions to CAP-1002, clinical status on the World Health Organization (WHO) ordinal scale, and changes in pro-inflammatory biomarkers and leukocyte counts were analyzed. All patients (n = 6; age range 19–75 years, 1 female) required ventilatory support (invasive mechanical ventilation, n = 5) with PaO2/FiO2 ranging from 69 to 198. No adverse events related to CAP-1002 administration were observed. Four patients (67%) were weaned from respiratory support and discharged from the hospital. One patient remains mechanically ventilated as of April 28th, 2020; all survive. A contemporaneous control group of critically ill COVID-19 patients (n = 34) at our institution showed 18% overall mortality at a similar stage of hospitalization. Ferritin was elevated in all patients at baseline (range of all patients 605.43–2991.52 ng/ml) and decreased in 5/6 patients (range of all patients 252.89–1029.90 ng/ml). Absolute lymphocyte counts were low in 5/6 patients at baseline (range 0.26–0.82 × 103/µl) but had increased in three of these five patients at last follow-up (range 0.23–1.02 × 103/µl). In this series of six critically ill COVID-19 patients, intravenous infusion of CAP-1002 was well tolerated and associated with resolution of critical illness in 4 patients. This series demonstrates the apparent safety of CAP-1002 in COVID-19. While this initial experience is promising, efficacy will need to be further assessed in a randomized controlled trial.
Enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate supplementation improves high-intensity cycling performance in trained cyclists
Authors: Hilton Nathan Philip , Leach Nicholas Keith , Hilton Melissa May , Sparks S. Andy , McNaughton Lars Robert 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Enteric-coated sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) can attenuate gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms following acute bicarbonate loading, although the subsequent effects on exercise performance have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of enteric-coated NaHCO3 supplementation on high-intensity exercise performance and GI symptoms.

Methods
Eleven trained male cyclists completed three 4 km time trials after consuming; a placebo or 0.3 g∙kg–1 body mass NaHCO3 in enteric-coated or gelatin capsules. Exercise trials were timed with individual peak blood bicarbonate ion concentration ([HCO3–]). Blood acid–base balance was measured pre-ingestion, pre-exercise, and post-exercise, whereas GI symptoms were recorded pre-ingestion and immediately pre-exercise.

Results
Pre-exercise blood [HCO3−] and potential hydrogen (pH) were greater for both NaHCO3 conditions (P < 0.0005) when compared to placebo. Performance time was faster with enteric-coated (− 8.5 ± 9.6 s, P = 0.044) and gelatin (− 9.6 ± 7.2 s, P = 0.004) NaHCO3 compared to placebo, with no significant difference between conditions (mean difference = 1.1 ± 5.3 s, P = 1.000). Physiological responses were similar between conditions, although blood lactate ion concentration was higher with gelatin NaHCO3 (2.4 ± 1.7 mmol∙L–1, P = 0.003) compared with placebo. Furthermore, fewer participants experienced GI symptoms with enteric-coated (n = 3) compared to gelatin (n = 7) NaHCO3.

Discussion
Acute enteric-coated NaHCO3 consumption mitigates GI symptoms at the onset of exercise and improves subsequent 4 km cycling TT performance. Athletes who experience GI side-effects after acute bicarbonate loading may, therefore, benefit from enteric-coated NaHCO3 supplementation prior to exercise performance.
Selected applications of an open-source three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic code in hydraulic engineering
Authors: Shahriari Shervin , Schneider Josef , Zenz Gerald 
Published: May 2020

AbstractExponential growth of computational power in the past decade on one hand and the success of numerical models in studying hydro-environmental flows on the other hand lead to an increasing usage of this technique in hydraulic engineering problems. In particular, three-dimensional numerical models are becoming the industry standard, especially in problems where capturing three-dimensional flow characteristics are important. Additionally, with availability of open-source computational fluid dynamic (CFD) codes, this type of modelling is more accessible. Among these codes, OpenFOAM (Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation) is a state-of-the-art CFD code with an extensive range of features for engineering and scientific applications. In this paper, selected studies are presented which the authors carried out using OpenFOAM. These studies include a wide range of applications from implementation of the new algorithms to modelling a practical application in hydraulic engineering.
The quality of care of the dying in hospital—next-of-kin perspectives
Authors: Heckel Maria , Vogt Annika R. , Stiel Stephanie , Radon Johannes , Kurkowski Sandra , Goebel Swantje , Ostgathe Christoph , Weber Martin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeProviding high-quality care for the dying is essential in palliative care. Quality of care can be checked, compared, and improved by assessing responses from bereaved next-of-kin. The objectives of this study are to examine quality of care in the last 2 days of life of hospitalized patients considering specific aspects of their place of care.MethodsThe “Care of the Dying Evaluation” (CODE™) questionnaire, validated in German in 2018 (CODE-GER), examines quality of care for the patient and support of next-of-kin, allocating values between 0 (low quality) and 4 (high quality). The total score (0–104) is divided into subscales which indicate support/time given by doctors/nurses, spiritual/emotional support, information/decision-making, environment, information about the dying process, symptoms, and support at the actual time of death/afterwards. Next-of-kin of patients with an expected death in specialized palliative care units and other wards in two university hospitals between April 2016 and March 2017 were included.ResultsMost of the 237 analyzed CODE-GER questionnaires were completed by the patient’s spouse (42.6%) or children (40.5%) and 64.1% were female. Patients stayed in hospital for an average of 13.7 days (3–276; SD 21.1). Half of the patients died in a specialized palliative care unit (50.6%). The CODE-GER total score was 85.7 (SD 14.17; 25–104). Subscales were rated significantly better for palliative care units than for other wards. Unsatisfying outcomes were reported in both groups in the subscales for information/decision-making and information about the dying process.ConclusionThe overall quality of care for the dying was rated to be good. Improvements of information about the dying process and decision-making are needed.Trial registrationDRKS00013916
Is an irritable ADHD profile traceable using personality dimensions? Replicability, stability, and predictive value over time of data-driven profiles
Authors: Blanken Tessa F. , Courbet Ophélie , Franc Nathalie , Albajara Sáenz Ariadna , Van Someren Eus J.W. , Peigneux Philippe , Villemonteix Thomas 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPediatric attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a heterogeneous condition. In particular, children with ADHD display varying profiles of dispositional traits, as assessed through temperament and personality questionnaires. Previous data-driven community detection analyses based on temperament dimensions identified an irritable profile of patients with ADHD, uniquely characterized by elevated emotional dysregulation symptoms. Belonging to this profile increased the risk of developing comorbid disorders. Here, we investigated whether we could replicate this profile in a sample of 178 children with ADHD, using community detection based on personality dimensions. Stability of the identified profiles, of individual classifications, and clinical prediction were longitudinally assessed over a 1-year interval. Three personality profiles were detected: The first two profiles had high levels of neuroticism, with the first displaying higher ADHD severity and lower openness to experience (profile 1; N = 38), and the second lower agreeableness (profile 2; N = 73). The third profile displayed scores closer to the normative range on all five factors (profile 3; N = 67). The identified profiles did only partially replicate the temperament-based profiles previously reported, as higher levels of neuroticism were found in two of the three detected profiles. Nonetheless, despite changes in individual classifications, the profiles themselves were highly stable over time and of clinical predictive value. Whereas children belonging to profiles 1 and 2 benefited from starting medication, children in profile 3 did not. Hence, belonging to an emotionally dysregulated profile at baseline predicted the effect of medication at follow-up over and above initial ADHD symptom severity. This finding suggests that personality profiles could play a role in predicting treatment response in ADHD.
Experimental Analysis of Gas–Liquid–Solid Three-Phase Flows in Horizontal Pipelines
Authors: Sassi Paolo , Stiriba Youssef , Lobera Julia , Palero Virginia , Pallarès Jordi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe dynamics of three-phase flows involves phenomena of high complexity whose characterization is of great interest for different sectors of the worldwide industry. In order to move forward in the fundamental knowledge of the behavior of three-phase flows, new experimental data has been obtained in a facility specially designed for flow visualization and for measuring key parameters. These are (1) the flow regime, (2) the superficial velocities or rates of the individual phases; and (3) the frictional pressure loss. Flow visualization and pressure measurements are performed for two and three-phase flows in horizontal 30 mm inner diameter and 4.5 m long transparent acrylic pipes. A total of 134 flow conditions are analyzed and presented, including plug and slug flows in air–water two-phase flows and air–water-polypropylene (pellets) three-phase flows. For two-phase flows the transition from plug to slug flow agrees with the flow regime maps available in the literature. However, for three phase flows, a progressive displacement towards higher gas superficial velocities is found as the solid concentration is increased. The performance of a modified Lockhart–Martinelli correlation is tested for predicting frictional pressure gradient of three-phase flows with solid particles less dense than the liquid.
Palladium(II) on 4 Å Molecular Sieves: A Simple and Reusable Catalyst for the Preparation of Ynones
Authors: Juhász Kinga , Hell Zoltán 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Pd2+ on 4 Å molecular sieves support has been prepared and investigated. The catalyst has successfully been used in the reaction of acyl chlorides and terminal alkynes yielding ynones. The catalyst can be reused without significant loss of activity.

Graphic Abstract
Motivation to Write: Conversations with Emergent Writers
Authors: Barratt-Pugh Caroline , Ruscoe Amelia , Fellowes Janet 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article describes the processes and outcomes of a research project exploring children’s motivation to write, undertaken by four pre-primary teachers in Western Australia. The teachers adopted a sociocultural theoretical framework using child centred participatory methodology, in which 109 children aged between five and six years shared their views of writing in conversation with their teacher. Thematic analysis in conjunction with statistical analysis indicated that the majority of children were motivated to write. They had a positive attitude towards writing, evidenced by their self-efficacy and were developing aspects of self-determination evidenced by their sense of ownership and control of the codes of writing. They had some understanding of the value of writing as a means of supporting reading and securing a positive future, thus enhancing their motivation to write. However, a small group of children indicated that they did not like writing, found writing hard, and did not know how or what to write. In addition, few children mentioned writing as a means of communication. The absence of purpose and audience in the children’s responses, was partly explained by the teachers’ focus on the codes of writing, potentially impacting on children’s motivation. This prompted the teachers to re-conceptualise their writing program in ways that engaged children in authentic writing tasks, while continuing to scaffold their understanding of the codes of writing. This collaborative approach to research, in ways that privilege children’s voices, has implications for informing pedagogy across a range of early childhood contexts and curriculum areas.
Decay Constants of S Wave Heavy Quarkonia
Authors: Azhothkaran Bhaghyesh , K. Nilakanthan V. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe derive expressions for the decay constants of S wave pseudoscalar and vector quarkonium ($Q\bar {Q}$QQ̄) states through approximating the quark model definition by including terms uptok2/c2. Using the derived formula, the decays constants for ground and excited states are calculated. Our predictions are found to be in good agreement with the available experimental and lattice results.
Parental Perceptions and Decisions Regarding Maintaining Bilingualism in Autism
Authors: Howard Katie , Gibson Jenny , Katsos Napoleon 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA growing body of evidence suggests that bilingual exposure does not negatively impact children on the autism spectrum. This study sought to illuminate parents’ perceptions and choices regarding maintaining bilingualism in autism. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 family members in England and Wales. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Although parents expressed positive attitudes towards bilingualism, these views were not always congruent with their language practices. Instead, several factors influenced decisions about language maintenance in autism, including the severity of the child’s autism, advice received, and the importance of English as the dominant societal language. This article calls for greater support for families in making language decisions that are suitable for the individual child and their family.