bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Incorporation of Silver Nanoparticles on the Tensile Bond Strength of a Long term Soft Denture Liner
Authors: Habibzadeh Sareh , Omidvaran Arman , Eskandarion Solmauz , Shamshiri Ahmad Reza 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed at assessing the effect of the addition of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) to a silicone soft liner on its tensile bond strength to denture base resin.
Materials and Methods SNPs were added to Mucopren cold cure soft liner in 0 (control), 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 wt% concentrations and bonded in 120 stainless steel molds with processed heat cure acrylic resin blocks. Liner/resin combination samples were divided into two groups. The first half was stored for 2 days in distilled water at 37°C and then subjected to tensile bond strength, while the other half were thermocycled 3000 times before testing. Mean bond strength, expressed in mega pascals (MPa), was determined in the tensile test with the use of a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min.
Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed using SPSS via one-way analysis of variance test, t-test, and Tukey’s posthoc, at a 95% confidence level (p < 0.05).
Results Addition of SNPs and thermocycling both caused a significant reduction in the tensile bond strength of Mucopren to acrylic resin; however, in the thermocycled group, the bond strength increased with the increase in the concentration of SNPs (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Addition of SNPs to Mucopren soft silicone liner reduces its tensile bond strength to denture acrylic resin.
Evaluation of Mandibular First Molars’ Axial Inclination and Alveolar Morphology in Different Facial Patterns: A CBCT Study
Authors: Ferreira Marcos Cezar , Freitas Karina Maria Salvatore de , Herrera-Sanches Francyle Simões , Santos Patrícia Bittencourt dos , Garib Daniela , Janson Guilherme , Freitas Marcos Roberto de 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the axial inclination of the mandibular first molars and their respective bone morphology among individuals with different facial patterns.
Materials and Methods The sample comprised the cone beam computed tomographies (CBCTs) of 58 subjects divided into three groups according to the facial patterns: 18 brachyfacial (Group 1), with a mean age of 21.58 years; 23 mesofacial (Group 2), with a mean age of 19.14 years; and 17 dolichofacial subjects (Group 3), with a mean age of 19.09 years. Eight variables were evaluated on CBCT scans of each subject: buccal and lingual mandibular height, cervical and middle mandibular width, inclination of mandibular body, inclination of the mandibular molar buccal surface, molar width, molar angulation and tooth/bone angle. Intergroup comparisons were performed with one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey tests.
Results Buccal mandibular height presented statistically significant difference in the three facial patterns. Lingual mandibular height and mandibular inclination showed to be statistically and significantly smaller in brachyfacial subjects than in the other two groups. Mandibular width presented a statistically significant difference between brachyfacial and mesofacial groups. Negative correlations could be observed between the facial pattern and the buccal and lingual mandibular heights and inclination of the mandibular body.
Conclusion Buccal mandibular height was significantly and progressively larger in brachyfacial, mesofacial, and dolichofacial subjects. Lingual mandibular height was significantly smaller in brachyfacial than in mesofacial and dolichofacial subjects. Mandibular width was significantly thicker in brachyfacial than in mesofacial subjects. Brachyfacial subjects had smaller mandibular inclination than mesofacial and dolichofacial subjects.
High-Resolution Ultrasound of Small Clinically Relevant Nerves Running Across the Posterior Triangle of the Neck
Authors: Picasso Riccardo , Zaottini Federico , Pistoia Federico , Perez Maribel Miguel , Klauser Andrea , Rossi Federica , Schenone Angelo , Tagliafico Alberto Stefano , Martinoli Carlo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWith the advent of high-frequency ultrasound (US) transducers, new perspectives have been opened in evaluating millimetric and submillimetric nerves that, despite their dimensions, can be considered relevant in clinical practice. In the posterior triangle of the neck, the suprascapular, long thoracic, phrenic, supraclavicular, great auricular, lesser occipital, and transverse cervical nerves are amenable to US examination and the object of special interest because they may be involved in many pathologic processes or have a value as targets of advanced therapeutic procedures. The correct identification of these nerves requires a deep knowledge of local neck anatomy and the use of a complex landmarks-based approach with US. This article describes the anatomy and US technique to examine small but clinically relevant nerves of the posterior triangle of the neck (excluding the brachial plexus), reviewing the main pathologic conditions in which they may be involved.
Knockdown of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 inhibited proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and suppressed MAPK signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Zhenyong , Kong Deshuai , Zhao Xiulei , Chen Xiongfei , Chai Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC), highly malignant, is one of the most lethal cancers. Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) has recently been regarded as a new molecular marker in human cancers. However, the role of IFITM1 in PC remains unclear. In this study, a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was constructed to assess the effect of IFITM1 on PANC-1 and ASPC-1 cells. The level of IFITM1 was downregulated in cells transfected with shRNA targeting IFITM1 (sh-IFITM1). Silencing of IFITM1 significantly decreased cell viability, downregulated the level of Ki-67, arrested cell at G1/S phase, reduced the number of cells in S phase, and decreased cyclinD1, cyclinE, CDK2, and CDK4 levels. Moreover, Hoechst staining and Western blotting analysis showed that cell apoptosis was induced by IFITM1. IFITM1 knockdown suppressed the MAPK signaling pathway by downregulation of p-ERK, p-P38, and p-JNK levels. These findings suggested that IFITM1 could be considered a potential therapeutic target for PC.
Incorporating carbon sink of harvested wood products into ecological footprint accounting: model and case study
Authors: Gao Wei , Cheng Guowei , Liu Chang’e 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Ecological footprint (EF) accounting system is widely used in assessing environmental sustainability at various spatial scales. To improve the EF performance, a new EF calculation framework was established in this study, in which HWP is considered as carbon sinks and the model was then applied to the Yangtze River basin of China. Results showed that (1) carbon sink in the basin is about 2.99 Tg per year and it varies substantially across subbasins, which has a nonlinear relationship with net primary productivity; (2) available biocapacity calculated in the whole basin increases from 0.5068 to 0.5759 national ha (nha) per capita when incorporating the carbon sinks. In a few subbasins, the added biocapacity is even larger than the biocapacity estimated from the conventional approach; (3) the EF of the basin is 5.598 nha per capita and it is much larger than its biological carrying capacity (BC), indicating that ecological deficit is ubiquitous across the basin. If carbon sinks are considered, the ecological deficit would decrease by 3.2–14.3% for different regions in the basin. It is necessary to incorporate HWP and other potential terrestrial carbon sinks in the EF accounting, and more efforts are needed in improving carbon sink accuracy.
Succinct dynamic de Bruijn graphs
Authors: Alipanahi Bahar , Kuhnle Alan , Puglisi Simon J , Salmela Leena , Boucher Christina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Motivation
The de Bruijn graph is one of the fundamental data structures for analysis of high throughput sequencing data. In order to be applicable to population-scale studies, it is essential to build and store the graph in a space- and time-efficient manner. In addition, due to the ever-changing nature of population studies, it has become essential to update the graph after construction, e.g. add and remove nodes and edges. Although there has been substantial effort on making the construction and storage of the graph efficient, there is a limited amount of work in building the graph in an efficient and mutable manner. Hence, most space efficient data structures require complete reconstruction of the graph in order to add or remove edges or nodes.

Results
In this article, we present DynamicBOSS, a succinct representation of the de Bruijn graph that allows for an unlimited number of additions and deletions of nodes and edges. We compare our method with other competing methods and demonstrate that DynamicBOSS is the only method that supports both addition and deletion and is applicable to very large samples (e.g. greater than 15 billion k-mers). Competing dynamic methods, e.g. FDBG cannot be constructed on large scale datasets, or cannot support both addition and deletion, e.g. BiFrost.

Availability and implementation
DynamicBOSS is publicly available at https://github.com/baharpan/dynboss.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Morrison and the Transnation: Toni Morrison, God Help the Child and Zadie Smith, Swing Time
Authors: Baillie Justine 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
I read Toni Morrison’s God Help the Child (2015) and Zadie Smith’s Swing Time (2016) as interjections into discourses of the “postracial” and “post-black.” I further consider those conceptualizations of the transnation which have their beginnings in patterns of migration that were, post-Cold War, no longer solely the consequence of colonialism, empire, or slavery; and I examine the process of “othering” that Morrison outlines in The Origin of Others (2017) as a productive context for reading both novels. Both God Help the Child and Swing Time reveal women working, within the cosmetic and entertainment industries respectively, to enable the corporate world, while reflecting on their childhoods and racial heritage; their protagonists thus embody contemporary negotiations of identity, gender, and race as configured under globalization.
Weak Relationships Between Swimming Morphology and Water Depth in Wrasses and Parrotfish Belie Multiple Selective Demands on Form–Function Evolution
Authors: Camarillo Henry , Muñoz Martha M 
Published: May 2020

SynopsisMechanical tradeoffs in performance are predicted to sculpt macroevolutionary patterns of morphological diversity across environmental gradients. Water depth shapes the amount of wave energy organisms’ experience, which should result in evolutionary tradeoffs between speed and maneuverability in fish swimming morphology. Here, we tested whether morphological evolution would reflect functional tradeoffs in swimming performance in 131 species of wrasses and parrotfish (Family: Labridae) across a water depth gradient. We found that maximum water depth predicts variation in pectoral fin aspect ratio (AR) in wrasses, but not in parrotfish. Shallow-water wrasses exhibit wing-like pectoral fins that help with “flapping,” which allows more efficient swimming at faster speeds. Deeper water species, in contrast, exhibit more paddle-like pectoral fins associated with enhanced maneuverability at slower speeds. Functional morphology responds to a number of different, potentially contrasting selective pressures. Furthermore, many-to-one mapping may release some traits from selection on performance at the expense of others. As such, deciphering the signatures of mechanical tradeoffs on phenotypic evolution will require integrating multiple aspects of ecological and morphological variation. As the field of evolutionary biomechanics moves into the era of big data, we will be uniquely poised to disentangle the intrinsic and extrinsic predictors of functional diversity.
Food Matters: Trafficked Transnational Migrants’ Experiences and the Matrix of Food (In)Security
Authors: Fukushima Annie Isabel 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis article traces a particular object, food, in the context of the human rights violation of human trafficking of transnational migrant labourers, to answer: how does food come to matter for transnational migrants who labour in the United States and experience abuse in the form of human trafficking? To answer the research question, this article employs a qualitative method—thematic analysis of human trafficking court complaints in the legal system (N=133). Through scavenging legal complaints made by transnational migrant labourers in the United States between 2000 and 2017, the author provides a novel framework: a matrix of food (in)security. A matrix of food (in)security is a framework describes how food is socially, politically, and legally articulated in transnational migration: food as a weapon of abuse, food (in)security, and workers in a food chain.
Studying Type II supernovae as cosmological standard candles using the Dark Energy Survey
Authors: de Jaeger T , Galbany L , González-Gaitán S , Kessler R , Filippenko A V , Förster F , Hamuy M , Brown P J , Davis T M , Gutiérrez C P , Inserra C , Lewis G F , Möller A , Scolnic D , Smith M , Brout D , Carollo D , Foley R J , Glazebrook K , Hinton S R , Macaulay E , Nichol B , Sako M , Sommer N E , Tucker B E , Abbott T M C , Aguena M , Allam S , Annis J , Avila S , Bertin E , Bhargava S , Brooks D , Burke D L , Carnero Rosell A , Carrasco Kind M , Carretero J , Costanzi M , Crocce M , da Costa L N , De Vicente J , Desai S , Diehl H T , Doel P , Drlica-Wagner A , Eifler T F , Estrada J , Everett S , Flaugher B , Fosalba P , Frieman J , García-Bellido J , Gaztanaga E , Gruen D , Gruendl R A , Gschwend J , Gutierrez G , Hartley W G , Hollowood D L , Honscheid K , James D J , Kuehn K , Kuropatkin N , Li T S , Lima M , Maia M A G , Menanteau F , Miquel R , Palmese A , Paz-Chinchón F , Plazas A A , Romer A K , Roodman A , Sanchez E , Scarpine V , Schubnell M , Serrano S , Sevilla-Noarbe I , Soares-Santos M , Suchyta E , Swanson M E C , Tarle G , Thomas D , Tucker D L , Varga T N , Walker A R , Weller J , Wilkinson R ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Despite vast improvements in the measurement of the cosmological parameters, the nature of dark energy and an accurate value of the Hubble constant (H0) in the Hubble–Lemaître law remain unknown. To break the current impasse, it is necessary to develop as many independent techniques as possible, such as the use of Type II supernovae (SNe II). The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the utility of SNe II for deriving accurate extragalactic distances, which will be an asset for the next generation of telescopes where more-distant SNe II will be discovered. More specifically, we present a sample from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN) consisting of 15 SNe II with photometric and spectroscopic information spanning a redshift range up to 0.35. Combining our DES SNe with publicly available samples, and using the standard candle method (SCM), we construct the largest available Hubble diagram with SNe II in the Hubble flow (70 SNe II) and find an observed dispersion of 0.27 mag. We demonstrate that adding a colour term to the SN II standardization does not reduce the scatter in the Hubble diagram. Although SNe II are viable as distance indicators, this work points out important issues for improving their utility as independent extragalactic beacons: find new correlations, define a more standard subclass of SNe II, construct new SN II templates, and dedicate more observing time to high-redshift SNe II. Finally, for the first time, we perform simulations to estimate the redshift-dependent distance-modulus bias due to selection effects.
AstroCatR: a mechanism and tool for efficient time series reconstruction of large-scale astronomical catalogues
Authors: Yu Ce , Li Kun , Tang Shanjiang , Sun Chao , Ma Bin , Zhao Qing 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT
Time series data of celestial objects are commonly used to study valuable and unexpected objects such as extrasolar planets and supernova in time domain astronomy. Due to the rapid growth of data volume, traditional manual methods are becoming extremely hard and infeasible for continuously analysing accumulated observation data. To meet such demands, we designed and implemented a special tool named AstroCatR that can efficiently and flexibly reconstruct time series data from large-scale astronomical catalogues. AstroCatR can load original catalogue data from Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) files or data bases, match each item to determine which object it belongs to, and finally produce time series data sets. To support the high-performance parallel processing of large-scale data sets, AstroCatR uses the extract-transform-load (ETL) pre-processing module to create sky zone files and balance the workload. The matching module uses the overlapped indexing method and an in-memory reference table to improve accuracy and performance. The output of AstroCatR can be stored in CSV files or be transformed other into formats as needed. Simultaneously, the module-based software architecture ensures the flexibility and scalability of AstroCatR. We evaluated AstroCatR with actual observation data from The three Antarctic Survey Telescopes (AST3). The experiments demonstrate that AstroCatR can efficiently and flexibly reconstruct all time series data by setting relevant parameters and configuration files. Furthermore, the tool is approximately 3× faster than methods using relational data base management systems at matching massive catalogues.
Smoke and Scan: A Content Analysis of QR Code-Directed Websites Found on Cigarette Packs in China
Authors: Trimble Deana G , Welding Kevin , Smith Katherine Clegg , Cohen Joanna E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Quick Response codes, or “QR” codes, are used widely in China—for mobile payment, marketing, public transportation, and various other applications. In this study, we examined the content of websites linked from QR codes on cigarette packs collected in China.

Aims and Methods
In February 2017, 738 unique cigarette packs were collected from five Chinese cities (Beijing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Kunming, and Chengdu) using a systematic protocol. Cigarette packs were coded for presence of QR codes on packaging. Packs containing QR codes were then scanned using the WeChat app. Websites sourced from QR codes were coded for required verification, website type, age- and health-related statements, engagement strategies, and marketing appeals.

Results
From the sample of 738 unique packs, 109 packs (14.8%) had a QR code on the packaging. The QR codes were linked to 24 unique websites of which 23 could be analyzed. All 23 unique websites were either brand-specific or social media websites; none focused on health or quit information. Of the 23 websites, only three (13.0%) websites had age-restricted site access and just six (26.1%) had any mention of health-related risks associated with product usage. Engagement strategies and/or marketing appeals were found on 20 (87.0%) websites.

Conclusions
The Chinese tobacco industry uses QR codes on cigarette packaging to link to web-based marketing content including social media recruitment, contests and giveaways, and product advertisement. It is important to understand where packs send consumers online and what messages they receive, and to consider QR codes on packaging when drafting policy.

Implications
Scanning QR codes in China is a commonplace activity. The authors are aware of no published studies on the role QR codes play on the marketing of cigarette packs, in China or elsewhere. This study demonstrates QR codes on cigarette packs can expose users and nonusers to cigarette marketing on interactive websites and protobacco social media pages, mostly without restrictive access or health warnings. This is an area that health authorities can consider regulating, given that this is a channel through which the tobacco industry can communicate with current and potential consumers.
燕麦β-葡聚糖产品与心脏相关健康声称的全球概况
Authors: Mathews Rebecca , Kamil Alison , Chu YiFang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
冠心病是全球死亡的首要原因。作为均衡膳食的一部分，食用全 谷物和谷物纤维可以降低罹患冠心病的风险。食品包装上的健康声称 可以有效地帮助消费者选择健康的饮食。1997 年，美国食品和药品管 理局首次批准了一项健康声称，燕麦、燕麦麸和全燕麦粉来源的b-葡 聚糖可溶性纤维可以降低罹患冠心病的风险。目前，只有少数国家批 准了类似的声称。自1997 年以来，针对燕麦b-葡聚糖与冠心病关系的 证据被大量证实并发表。为了帮助其他国家使用该声称，本文综述了 支持该声称的全部数据(包括美国食品和药品管理局用来证实该声称 的证据和自1997 年以来发表的49 项临床试验的结果)，也讨论了基于 科学证据的健康声称需要考虑的很多复杂因素，包括加工过程对b-葡 聚糖降低胆固醇功效的影响。
Pal Joey
Authors: Lindberg Julianne 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The History of a Heel chronicles the genesis, influence, and significance of Rodgers and Hart’s classic musical comedy Pal Joey (1940). When Pal Joey opened at the Barrymore on Christmas day, 1940, it flew in the face of musical comedy convention. The characters and situation were depraved. The setting was caustically realistic. Its female lead was frankly sexual and yet not purely comic. A narratively-driven dream ballet closed the first act, begging audiences to take seriously the inner life and desires of a confirmed heel. Although the show appears on many top-ten lists surveying the so-called “Golden Age,” it is a controversial classic; its legacy is tied both to the fashionable scandal that it provoked, and, retrospectively, to the uncommon attention it paid to characterization and narrative cohesion. Through an archive-driven investigation of the show and its music, History of a Heel offers insight into the historical moment during which Joey was born, and to the process of genre classification, canon formation, and the ensuing critical debates related to musical and theatrical maturity. More broadly, I argue that the critique and commentary on class and gender conventions in Pal Joey reveals a uniquely American concern over status, class mobility, and progressive gender roles in the pre-war era.
Divine Programming
Authors: Howell Charlotte E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Divine Programming chronicles how the Hollywood television industry negotiated Christianity’s middle-American associations as attention to elite audiences increased from 1996 to 2016. From Touched by an Angel and 7th Heaven to Preacher and Daredevil, this book explores how Christianity has been used and discussed within the cultures of Hollywood television production. During this twenty-year span, Christian representation on television dramas evolved to exemplify the cultural divide between white middle America and concentrated urban elites. To balance a diminishing and fractured audience, upscale secular audience niches have become increasingly significant to the development and positioning of serial dramatic television since the 1990s, displacing the power that the mass, middlebrow, and assumed Christian audience previously held. As the importance of that middle-American audience waned during this period, creatives paradoxically used white Christianity’s stories and tropes with greater frequency and different strategies. Once white Christianity had become associated with middlebrow tastes, its representation, to appeal to elite audiences, had to be othered, shifted into the unreality of fantastic genres, and eventually—tentatively—acknowledged and used when the potential reward outweighed the legacy sense of risk. This process was dynamic and required constant, difficult negotiation between using Christianity as part of a show’s plot and attempting to avoid its religious, cultural, and class-based associations.