bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monte Carlo simulations of nano-rod filler in stretched polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Kerdkaen N , Sutthibutpong T , Phongphanphanee S , Boonchuay S , Wong-ekkabut J 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Conductive polymer nanocomposites material (PNCs) is one type of alternative polymeric materials to replace high-cost intrinsically conductive polymers (ICPs). PNC is a composite of electrical insulative polymer matrix and electrically conductive filler in which it is made by less complicated synthesis protocols but has similar quantitative conductive properties to existing conducting polymers. Therefore, PNC is a candidate for many applications, such as, light-emitting diodes, flexible electrodes, batteries and strain sensors [1]. In this study, an in-house Monte-Carlo simulation was used to investigate the percolation paths of the 3D model of nanorod filler network in the polymer lattice and estimate the nanorod concentration at percolation threshold [2]. The model also includes the nanorod filler orientation angles. We then focused on the effects of stretching lattice on the percolation threshold. The dimension of lattice length was varied with constant volume for each simulation system (incompressible material). Results of simulations showed that the percolation thresholds decreased when increasing the lattice stretching and the nanorod orientation angles have been confined by finite lattice dimension which shows there is the effect of orientations angle on the percolation threshold. Our finding will be a useful guideline for designing polymer nanocomposite as a switching sensor.
Application of Kawabata evaluation system for the tactile properties of woven silk fabrics in textile industry
Authors: Phoophat P , Kumphai P , Suwonsichon S , Boonyarit J , Plangmon C , Chollakup R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Thailand is one of well-known countries for the silk fabric production. However, there are just few studies focusing on tactile properties of silk fabrics. This study collected forty-one machined-woven silk fabrics manufactured in Thailand, Japan, China, Korea, Italy, France, India and USA. The fabrics were classified into 4 groups categorized by the fabric weight according to the “silk fabric” industrial product standard of the Thai Industrial Standards Institute (TISI) 176-2540 (≤ 90 g/m2, 91-120 g/m2, 121-160 g/m2, >160 g/m2). Mechanical properties of the silk fabrics were measured by the Kawabata evaluation system for fabric (KES-F). Correlations between fabric weight groups were analyzed to investigate the relationship among properties. The results showed significant effect of the fabric weight (per unit area) on only compression resilience (RC) and thickness. The thickness was also correlated with the compression properties (WC, RC), the bending rigidity (B) of the warp direction and the surface roughness (SMD). Moreover, the air permeability was associated with the coefficient of friction (MIU), the shearing properties (G, 2HG, 2HG5) and the tensile properties of the weft direction (EM, LT, WT). The total hand value (THV) was calculated by using the Kawabata hand evaluations KN-201-LDY for women’s thin dress fabric. The fabrics with the THV scores above 4 showed high quality for women’s dresses. The principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to examine the relationship between the mechanical properties and the fabrics. The results showed that the high-quality fabrics were plotted near each other as a group and related to some properties such as the coefficient of friction (MIU), the extensibility (EM), the tensile energy (WT) of the weft direction and the linearity of compression (LC). Finally, the biplot graph of the fabric distribution can be a guideline for a variety of applications. The fabrics for apparels mainly located in the lower-left quadrant while those located in the upper quadrant were appropriate for home textiles.
Mechanical characteristics of airless tyre by laboratory testing
Authors: Rugsaj R , Suvanjumrat C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper aimed to study the mechanical characteristics of non-pneumatic tyre (NPT) or airless tyre upon usage and testing. The NPT was recently invented to replace traditional pneumatic tyre subjected to specific applications while eliminate the risk of flatten while using or periodically air pressure maintenance. For that purpose, the NPT must exhibit desired tyre characteristics such as load carrying capacity, vertical stiffness, contact pressure, and rolling. The tyre mechanical characteristics can be observed by mean of experimental tests in laboratory. In this article, the commercial NPT Tweel by Michelin was tested using vertical tyre testing machine and drum testing machine. The vertical stiffness and footprint were obtained from tyre testing machine, which the latter was obtained using the pressure measurement film. The results were then observed and discussed. The vertical stiffness of tested NPT was compared with the estimated value of traditional pneumatic tyre, in which the same size and appropriate inflation pressure were used. The rolling characteristic of NPT was observed from drum testing machine. The rolling resistance at various load and rolling speeds and was recorded. In addition, the high speed video camera was set up to capture NPT spoke deformation during rolling, while the image processing technique was used to collect the coordinate of spoke position at various time. The results were discussed and can be useful in development of NPT tyre in the near future.
Assessment of human health impact based on life cycle assessment: A case study of Thai retread tire
Authors: Ounsaneha W , Buadit T , Rattanapan C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The sustainable production of tire supply chain has been recently highlighted to reduce the environmental and human health impacts. The main environment problem of tire supply chain is waste treatment. When the tires reach the end of their working life, they are recycled (obtaining raw materials and other components for certain manufacturing processes) or burned (obtaining energy). During the exploitation, a tire with worn tread can be processed in a certain way to allow its reuse. The retreated tire should be accepted for further treatment. Hence, this study conducted the human health impacts of retread tire using life cycle assessment. The recipe2016 technique and Sigmaoro 9.0 software were used as the method of human health assessment. The result showed that the total value of human health impact assessment for retreated tire production were 4.3007E-06 Daly. The hotspot of human health impact for retreated tire production was tire material and electricity consumption. Form this finding will help designers or managers recommend the installation scenario of retreated tire production by considering human health impacts.
Studies on the effect of purified natural rubber latex and accelerators on rubber allergens in natural rubber dipping product
Authors: Wiriyanantawong J , Havanapan P , Krittanai C , Sakdapipanich J 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Natural rubber (NR) glove is a worldwide use product of NR latex, which is mainly used for protective purposes. However, allergic reactions to NR gloves causing by the residual proteins in NR latex and chemical used in the manufacturing process, which are called as rubber allergens, are still a significant concern. Thus, the present work is an attempt to minimize such the rubber allergens from NR dipping products, herewith, finger cot is used as a model for this study. Purified NR latices were prepared by an urea treatment and saponification method, called as deproteinized NR (DPNR) and saponified NR (SPNR), respectively. Both of DPNR and SPNR were found to have low nitrogen content. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify functional groups as a result of the absence of the amine functional group, which can be referred to proteins. For a compounded NR, the various purified NR latices and rubber accelerators were used in the compounded formula. The existing and residual proteins of each sample were analysed by Bradford’s assay and sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method, respectively. The DPNR and SPNR were found to contain lower protein profiles. The residual rubber accelerators released into artificial sweat were extracted and analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique.
Thermal and barrier properties of poly(butylene adipate-coterephthalate) incorporated with zeolite doped potassium ion for packaging film
Authors: Threepopnatkul P , Wongsuton K , Jaiaue C , Rakkietwinai N , Kulsetthanchalee C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this research, the works were focused on development of film packaging of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) incorporated with modified zeolite using (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane. PBAT composites were compounded by melt mixing using twin screw extrusion then molded into film by cast film extrusion process. Effects of zeolite 13X at 1 wt% and zeolite doped potassium ion (K+) on thermal properties, permeability of gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor) and also absorption of ethylene gas of PBAT composites films have been studied. Typically, zeolite would act as a nucleating agent. Therefore, adding zeolite would increase the degree of crystallinity of PBAT. Comparing zeolite with and without cation exchange, the degree of crystallinity in film tended to increase for the one doped with potassium ion. Either zeolite with or without potassium exchange had no impact on thermal stability of composite films. Gas permeation of PBAT/zeolite film possessed lower permeation of oxygen and carbon dioxide whereas the water vapor transmission showed relatively higher rate than the neat PBAT. After cation exchange with zeolite, the permeation of oxygen and carbon dioxide has reduced 21.04% and 21.90% respectively but the effect of K+ exchange had no effect on water vapor transmission compared with PBAT. Film of PBAT and zeolite doped with cation could absorb ethylene gas more than the one with zeolite.
Bio-based thermoplastic vulcanizates from natural rubber (bioplastic/NR)
Authors: Thongpin Chanchai , Buaksuntear Kwanchai , Tanprasert Theraphat , Charoenta Jedtarin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV) is a class of thermoplastic elastomer of which generally consists of polyolefin phase, mainly PP or PE, with dynamically cured elastomer phase such as EPDM. The elastomer should be well dispersed in the polyolefin matrix which facilitates thermoplastic like processing of elastomer. The properties of TPV are mainly governed by properties of thermoplastic matrix and vulcanized rubber phases including curing system used for dynamic vulcanization. As environmental problem has been an important issue, application of bioplastic in thermoplastic elastomer is an interesting issue. The blending of NR with various has been studied in our work and the system should classify as bioplastics/NR. Dynamic vulcanization of NR during melt blending of NR with various bioplastics was also studied. In this report, the melt blending system of PBAT/NR; PCL/NR and PBS/NR were carried out. The batch melt blending in an internal mixer were performed with various NR and bioplastics compositions. Dynamic vulcanization of NR phase, using Luperox® 101 as curing agent, was also occurred in the mixer during melt blending. Except for PBS/NR TPV system where dicumyl peroxide was used as curing agent. This will advantage for foam preparation in further foaming step. The results showed that PBAT/NR TPV with NR content as high as 70% possessed tension set less than 20% and elongation at break under tension was higher than 600%. For PCL/NR system at the same composition, the tension set was also found at 20%, elongation at break under tension was as high as 1000%. The TPV system of PBAT/NR and PCL/NR were also extrudable. Tension set for NR/PBS TPV system was found at about 30% and the elongation at break under tension was about 600%. From the mentioned basic properties of biobased TPV in our researches, it presents that they could propose the promising qualified TPV, in term of reprocess ability and advantage for the sake of biodegradability.

Note: PBAT, PCL and PBS stand for poly(butylene adipate-co-terepthalate, polycarprolactone, and poly(butylene succinate) respectively.
Hydrothermal carbonization synthesis and KOH activation of porous carbons from waste marigold flowers
Authors: Chaiammart N , Eiad-ua A , Panomsuwan G 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMarigold flower-derived porous carbons were synthesized via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and KOH activation. The effect of HTC and KOH activation on the change in morphology, chemical functional group, and surface area were studied and discussed based on the results of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and N2sorption analysis, respectively. Both HTC and KOH activation were found to play critical roles in changing morphology and enhancing surface area. Without HTC and KOH activation, carbons had low surface area and lacked porosity. In contrast, with both HTC and KOH activation, a sponge-like morphology with a large specific surface area of 1825 m2/g was obtained. The results serve as a useful guideline for further development and synthesis of porous carbons in certain specific applications.
Effect of Fe doping on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 hollow fibers under LED light irradiation
Authors: Wongcharoen S , Chokradjaroen C , Panomsuwan G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Fe-doped TiO2 hollow fibers (Fe-THF) were prepared using a template replication method with kapok as the template. The Fe concentration was varied by adjusting the amount of iron (III) nitrate from 0 to 5 mol%. The effect of Fe doping on morphology, crystal structure, bandgap energy, and photocatalytic activity was investigated and discussed. Based on the characterization results, it was found that all samples possessed a hollow structure with anatase as the main crystalline phase. The rutile phase began to be observed with high-level doping. Bandgap energy decreased significantly from 3.02 to 2.12 eV as the Fe concentration increased, owing to the formation of intermediate energy level. The photocatalytic activity was probed using the degradation of methylene blue under light-emitting diode (LED) irradiation. We found that the photocatalytic activity of Fe-THF was inferior to undoped THF and decreased with increasing Fe concentration. This result indicated that Fe dopant could act as the recombination centers in the lattice system, thus inhibiting the photocatalytic activity of THF.
Pro-gender Norms in Norwegian Peace Engagement: Balancing Experiences, Values, and Interests
Authors: Skjelsbæk Inger , Tryggestad Torunn Lise 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe national self-image of Norway is as a gender-equal and peace-promoting nation. Norwegian gender equality policies grew out of a strong social and political civil society engagement from below combined with equal rights laws as well as quota systems implemented from above by the state. In this paper, we explore the intersection of pro-gender norms and peace engagement in Norwegian foreign policy. While gender mainstreaming has been on the agenda of Norwegian development cooperation for decades, the introduction of pro-gender norms in peace engagement is a more recent phenomenon. How are gender equality norms and concerns understood and promoted by Norwegian peace facilitators in practice. And how are pro-gender experiences, values, and norms balanced in Norwegian peace engagement?
Pro-Gender Foreign Policy by Stealth: Navigating Global and Domestic Politics in Australian Foreign Policy Making
Authors: Lee-Koo Katrina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAs a middle-power nation, Australia promotes its global effectiveness, in part, through the adoption of international norms. Among those that it has more recently embraced has been pro-gender norms. The inclusion—for the first time—of gender equality considerations into overarching strategic doctrines, and the development of stand-alone gender strategies demonstrates this. While this is not without its shortcomings and contradictions, it is evidence that Australia is allowing feminist design to underpin areas of its foreign policy. However, unlike other states, this is not publicly emphasized. In fact, it is as if these policies were developed by stealth. This article examines the depth of Australia's commitment to pro-gender norms in foreign policy. It argues that there is a genuine embrace of pro-gender norms, but the masculinist cultures of Australia's politics limit the capacity for it to be publicly debated and celebrated.
Light-responsive expression atlas reveals the effects of light quality and intensity in Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi, a plant with crassulacean acid metabolism
Authors: Zhang Jin , Hu Rongbin , Sreedasyam Avinash , Garcia Travis M , Lipzen Anna , Wang Mei , Yerramsetty Pradeep , Liu Degao , Ng Vivian , Schmutz Jeremy , Cushman John C , Borland Anne M , Pasha Asher , Provart Nicholas J , Chen Jin-Gui , Muchero Wellington , Tuskan Gerald A , Yang Xiaohan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), a specialized mode of photosynthesis, enables plant adaptation to water-limited environments and improves photosynthetic efficiency via an inorganic carbon-concentrating mechanism. Kalanchoë fedtschenkoi is an obligate CAM model featuring a relatively small genome and easy stable transformation. However, the molecular responses to light quality and intensity in CAM plants remain understudied.

Results
Here we present a genome-wide expression atlas of K. fedtschenkoi plants grown under 12 h/12 h photoperiod with different light quality (blue, red, far-red, white light) and intensity (0, 150, 440, and 1,000 µmo m–2 s–1) based on RNA sequencing performed for mature leaf samples collected at dawn (2 h before the light period) and dusk (2 h before the dark period). An eFP web browser was created for easy access of the gene expression data. Based on the expression atlas, we constructed a light-responsive co-expression network to reveal the potential regulatory relationships in K. fedtschenkoi. Measurements of leaf titratable acidity, soluble sugar, and starch turnover provided metabolic indicators of the magnitude of CAM under the different light treatments and were used to provide biological context for the expression dataset. Furthermore, CAM-related subnetworks were highlighted to showcase genes relevant to CAM pathway, circadian clock, and stomatal movement. In comparison with white light, monochrome blue/red/far-red light treatments repressed the expression of several CAM-related genes at dusk, along with a major reduction in acid accumulation. Increasing light intensity from an intermediate level (440 µmol m−2 s−1) of white light to a high light treatment (1,000 µmol m–2 s–1) increased expression of several genes involved in dark CO2 fixation and malate transport at dawn, along with an increase in organic acid accumulation.

Conclusions
This study provides a useful genomics resource for investigating the molecular mechanism underlying the light regulation of physiology and metabolism in CAM plants. Our results support the hypothesis that both light intensity and light quality can modulate the CAM pathway through regulation of CAM-related genes in K. fedtschenkoi.
Poroelastic property analysis of seismic low-frequency shadows associated with gas reservoirs
Authors: Li Shengjie , Rao Ying 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Seismic low-frequency amplitude shadows have been widely used as a hydrocarbon indicator. This study investigates the effect of reservoir properties and seismic wave mode conversion on the characteristics of the low-frequency amplitude shadows in gas-bearing reservoirs. The target gas reservoirs are typically related to the lithology of tight sandstone with strong heterogeneity. Pore-fluid distribution within the reservoirs presents patchy saturation in the vertical and horizontal directions, and this patchy saturation easily induces low-frequency shadows beneath gas-bearing reservoirs. These low-frequency shadows are validated by using a poroelastic simulation method. The results of our field case-based study indicate that pore-fluid property, plus the thickness and heterogeneity of reservoirs are the key elements in the generation of low-frequency shadows. The results also indicate that the poroelastic simulation method can be used to effectively predict the spatial distribution of gas-bearing reservoirs, by directly verifying the low-frequency shadow phenomenon existing in the seismic data.
Schooling for Democracy
Authors: Rebell Michael A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Education in America today lacks a meaningful vision. The equal educational opportunity goal proclaimed by the U.S. Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education has been undermined by the failures in the decades since of the federal courts to implement school desegregation effectively and of Congress and the state legislatures to follow through on their stated commitments to ensure that all children can learn at high levels. This chapter argues that both equity and excellence can be achieved in American education if (1) preparation for capable citizenship, the original purpose of public education in America, can be revived in a manner that responds to twenty-first-century needs for both equity and excellence, and (2) the courts play a sustained, constructive role in bringing about these changes by enforcing relevant constitutional provisions that require schools to prepare students for capable citizenship. The first part of the chapter describes how for the past half century, schools have systematically failed to prepare students to be capable citizens, and the causes of this failure. It then provides a detailed analysis of how children can be prepared appropriately to function productively as civic participants. The second part explains why the promotion of educational equity and excellence of this sort cannot, however, be realized without the active involvement of the courts, both to validate the importance of education for civic preparation and to establish the necessary preconditions for adequate and equal funding and racial and cultural integration that are necessary for these reforms to succeed.
Maintenance and Destruction of an East Side Los Angeles Indie Rock Scene
Authors: Taylor Timothy D. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This article is based on an ethnographic study of the independent (indie) rock scene in the east side Los Angeles neighborhood of Echo Park. There is very little money derived from music circulating in this scene (musicians are routinely paid only about $35–40 for a show), and musicians, indie label owners, and others attach symbolic values to certain amounts of money, which are viewed in terms of what they can help the musicians purchase, such as gas for the band’s van. People in the scene also produce and exchange value in a number of ways that aren’t capitalist, from generalized reciprocity to several forms of patronage. This article ultimately argues that scenes such as this are simultaneously maintained and destroyed by capitalism: maintained because capitalism needs a reserve army of those who operate outside of it but destroyed because such scenes are deprived of their ability to reproduce themselves given how little money circulates.