bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta‐analysis of the effectiveness of Yangxue Qingnao granules for the treatment of chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency
Authors: Jia Yujuan , Wang Jie , Hou Yuli 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveYangxue Qingnao granules (YXQNG), which translates to granules that tonify the blood and clear liver heat, are widely available in China for the treatment of Chronic Cerebral Circulation Insufficiency (CCCI). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of YXQNG in treating CCCI.MethodsPubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Wanfang Database were searched from their inception to February 2019. Randomized controlled trials of YXQNG used alone or in combination with other drugs against a placebo, with no intervention or used with other drugs in CCCI patients were identified. The reviewers identified studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the evidence, independently and in duplicate. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used for quality assessment.ResultsA total of 31 RCTs and 2,877 patients were selected. The meta‐analysis indicated that the ratio between the combined RR of the total effective rate and the 95% confidential interval (95% CI) was 1.21 (1.17, 1.26). The combined MD of transcranial Doppler (TCD) detecting carotid artery, vertebral artery, and basilar artery blood flows (95% CI), respectively, were 8.84 (5.83, 11.85), 4.72 (3.71, 5.73), and 3.89 (3.03, 4.76). The combined MD of plasma viscosity and fibrinogen, respectively, were −0.35 (−0.40, −0.30) and −0.81 (−1.12, −0.50). Serious adverse effects were not reported in all the included trials.ConclusionThis systematic review revealed that YXQNG could increase cerebral blood flow in patients with CCCI and improve their symptoms, with no serious adverse effects. Since the literature reviewed was affected by factors such as lower quality of the included studies, the systematic evaluation's conclusion is not very reliable. Thus, more rigorously designed trials are needed.
Electroanalysis of Cefadroxil Antibiotic at Carbon Nanotube/Gold Nanoparticle Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Sanz Caroline G. , Serrano Silvia H. P. , Brett Christopher M. A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe electrochemical characterization and determination of the antibiotic cefadroxil were carried out at multi‐walled carbon nanotube (CNT) and gold nanoparticle (AuNP) modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCE). Oxidation of the phenol moiety of cefadroxil occurred at slightly less‐positive potentials and with a higher current response than at bare GCE. Differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed that the architecture combining CNT and AuNP surface modification is the best in pH 7 buffer solution. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated good coverage of the AuNPs on the CNTs. The fixed potential amperometric determination of cefadroxil was carried out at +0.74 V vs Ag/AgCl with a limit of detection of 0.22 μM. Analysis of cefadroxil in commercial samples presented high recovery values and the amount of the pharmaceutical in each capsule was in excellent agreement with that measured by UV/Vis spectroscopy.
Influence of Anion Chaotropicity on the SO2 Oxidation Reaction: When Spectator Species Determine the Reaction Pathway
Authors: Dourado André H. B. , Silva Norberto A. , Munhos Renan L. , Del Colle Vinicius , Arenz Matthias , Varela Hamilton , Córdoba de Torresi Susana I. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Prof. Susana I. Córdoba de Torresi from Universidade de São Paulo (Brazil). The cover picture shows SO2 oxidation and the interfacial water dependence. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201902122.
Dual‐Function Sacrificing Template‐Directed Strategy for Constructing Hollow and Core‐Shell Nonstoichiometric Fe1–xS@C Microspheres Exhibiting Ultrafast Sodium Storage
Authors: Liu Lixia , Yuan Jianmei , Shang Xuefang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNanostructure design and surface engineering are considered to not only improve the conductivity and buffer the severe volume expansion, but also prevent discharge products dissolving into the electrolyte, boosting the sodium storage performances of iron sulfides. Herein, we developed a dual‐function sacrificing template‐engaged strategy to construct hollow and core‐shell Fe1–xS‐based microspheres (labeled as Fe1–xS@C). Benefiting from its unique structural feature, the Fe1–xS@C composite, as a anode material for sodium‐ion batteries, delivers a high specific capacity of about 700 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 after 100 cycles and an excellent rate capability of 444 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1. Impressively, such a strategy can be further extended to prepare hollow and core‐shell NiS@C spheres with slight modifications.
Infixing NiS2 nanospheres into a three‐dimensional rGO/CNTs‐Li carbon composite as superior electrocatalyst for high‐performance Li−S batteries
Authors: Wang Juan , Xu Jie , Tang Weiqiang , Niu Dongfang , Zhao Shuangliang , Hu Shuozhen , Zhang Xinsheng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA novel flexible three‐dimensional (3D) architecture of lithiated carbon nanotubes (CNTs‐Li) interlacing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) loaded with NiS2 (denoted as NiS2@rGO/CNTs‐Li) was rationally designed and implemented as interlayer with dual functions to suppress lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttle and enhance redox kinetics for high‐performance Li−S batteries. In our design, the introduced rGO and CNTs‐Li serve as the conductive skeleton for facilitating the fast electron/ion transfer, while the infixing NiS2 catalyst could synchronously entrap the soluble LiPSs and speed up their interconversion. The chemical interaction between NiS2 and LiPSs and the redox kinetics were probed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and electrochemical measurements, respectively. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of 3D conductive skeleton and polar NiS2 catalyst, the cell with the NiS2@rGO/CNTs‐Li modified separator exhibits a high initial capacity of 1515 mA h g−1 at 0.2 C and an excellent long‐term cycling stability up to 600 cycles with a low decay rate of 0.071% at 2.0 C.
The Effect of CYP3A Induction and Inhibition on the Pharmacokinetics of Laquinimod, a Novel Neuroimmunomodulator
Authors: Elgart Anna , Greenblatt David J. , Loupe Pippa S. , Zur Arik A. , Weiss Sivan , Mimrod Dorit , Spiegelstein Ofer 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLaquinimod, a neuroimmunomodulator, is extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4, and modulations of CYP3A4 activity may lead to alterations in the pharmacokinetics and/or clinical effects of laquinimod. To determine the drug‐drug interaction potential of laquinimod with CYP3A inhibitors and inducers, interaction assessments were conducted in healthy volunteers using single‐dose administration of laquinimod before and after multiple dosing of CYP3A inhibitors (ketoconazole, fluconazole, and cimetidine) or a CYP3A4 inducer (rifampin). For ketoconazole, subjects (n = 14) received laquinimod 0.6 mg following 1 day of ketoconazole (400 mg daily) pretreatment, a single concomitant dose, and 28 additional days. For fluconazole, subjects (n = 14) received laquinimod 0.6 mg after a single fluconazole dose of 400 mg followed by 200‐mg daily fluconazole administration for 20 additional days. For cimetidine, subjects (n = 14) received laquinimod 0.6 mg following 1 day of cimetidine (800 mg twice daily) pretreatment, a single concomitant dose, and 21 additional days. For rifampin, subjects (n = 14) received laquinimod 0.6 mg following 9 days of rifampin (600 mg daily) pretreatment, a single concomitant dose, and 12 additional days. Coadministration of laquinimod with CYP3A inhibitors, ketoconazole, fluconazole, and cimetidine increased laquinimod area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity by approximately 3.1‐, 2.5‐, and 1.1‐fold, respectively. Coadministration of laquinimod with rifampin decreased laquinimod area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time zero to infinity by 5‐fold. These results indicate that coadministration of laquinimod with moderate to strong inhibitors of CYP3A or strong inducers of CYP3A may give rise to significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions.
The Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Switching Between Reference Biopharmaceuticals and Biosimilars: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barbier Liese , Ebbers Hans C. , Declerck Paul , Simoens Steven , Vulto Arnold G. , Huys Isabelle 
Published: April 2020

To date, no consensus exists among stakeholders about switching patients between reference biological products (RPs) and biosimilars, which may have been curbing the implementation of biosimilars in clinical practice. This study synthesizes the available data on switching and assesses whether switching patients from a RP to its biosimilar or vice versa affects efficacy, safety, or immunogenicity outcomes. A total of 178 studies, in which switch outcomes from a RP to a biosimilar were reported, was identified. Data were derived from both randomized controlled trials and real‐world evidence. Despite the limitations stemming from a lack of a robust design for most of the studies, the available switching data do not indicate that switching from a RP to a biosimilar is associated with any major efficacy, safety, or immunogenicity issues. Some open‐label and observational studies reported increased discontinuation rates after switching, which were mainly attributed to nocebo effects. Involvement of the prescriber in any decision to switch should remain and attention should be paid to the mitigation of a potential nocebo effect.
The Effect of Coupling Mode in the Vibrational Strong Coupling Regime
Authors: Hertzog Manuel , Börjesson Karl 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHybrid light‐matter states, known as polaritons, are the result of strong coupling between light and matter. The formation of polaritons yields a new method to tune the energetics of molecular systems, thus enabling the modification of physical and chemical properties without the need for chemical synthesis. To date, only proof‐of‐principle studies have been demonstrated, and, to increase the relevance of earlier achievements, bridging the gap between quantum electrodynamic length scales and chemical synthesis length scales is necessary. In the present study, we show that the coupling strength of the light‐matter interaction is independent of the thickness of the Fabry‐Pérot cavity used, and that the energy dissipation rate falls with increasing cavity thickness. Using planar microcavities of different thicknesses, we have shown that the size of the cavities can be upscaled without reducing the strength of the strong interaction between light and matter. This can be done up to a length scale commonly used in flow chemistry, thus paving the way for a new optofluidic method that may help to overcome challenges in organic chemistry.
Experimental and numerical investigation of roadheader for breaking rock containing predrill holes
Authors: Liu Zenghui , Ni Fusheng , Wei Changyun , Li Hongbin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic characteristics of a roadheader for breaking rocks containing different numbers and sizes of predrill holes. A series of experiments was performed to quantitatively measure the cutting torque, thrust force, and specific energy during the cutting of a cutterhead. Experimental results show that the cutting torque, thrust force, and specific energy decrease as the number of predrill holes increases. When the number of predrill holes is nine, type 9‐2 exhibits the minimum cutting load and specific energy. In addition, three‐dimensional numerical simulations were conducted using LS‐DYNA software, and the results were further validated with experimental data. Numerical results reveal that the confining pressure has significantly affected the rock‐breaking process, and under the confining pressure of 10 MPa, values of the cutting torque and thrust force are 8.9% and 8.6% higher than those without confining pressure. The optimal diameter of the predrill holes is set as 12.5% of the maximum diameter of the cutterhead. Furthermore, the number of the holes is set as six, that is, one central hole and five circumferential holes, with a diameter of 45 mm according to the arrangement of type 6‐1.
Karawankentunnel Nord, Konzept und Ausführung eines BIM‐Pilotprojekts
Authors: Cudrigh‐Maislinger Susanna , Hruschka Sabine , Niedermoser Christoph , Torggler Nathan , Steiner Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe BIM pilot project for the Karawanken Tunnel North consists of three main components, 3D modeling of the geological prognosis and actual conditions, the inner lining and inner components of the tunnel and the portal building and road elements at the portal. The pilot project was started when the preliminary design of the tunnel was already done. Only the portal building was done in BIM from the beginning. For the tunnel lining, the 3D modeling, quantity check and simplified 4D and 5D procedures together with the contractor were the main issues. A major effort had to be invested into data structuring following IFC and Asfinag requirements. Currently the tunnel is being advanced. Regular workshops are held to re‐define the project targets and improve the achievement of the pilot project.
The impact of museum interpretation tour on visitors' engagement and post‐visit conservation intentions and behaviours
Authors: Pan Yi‐Ting , Yang Kuay‐Keng , Wilson Kimberley , Hong Zuway‐R , Lin Huann‐shyang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of marine museum interpretation on visitors' learning engagement and post‐visit behaviours. On‐site survey, follow‐up online survey and interview were used for data collection. Structural equation modelling was utilised to analyse the quantitative data. Additional classification of data from the open‐ended questions and interviews provided more detailed insights into the quantitative findings. Overall, this study revealed that a short interpretation tour experience has the potential to create long lasting impacts on visitors' pro‐environmental behaviours. The findings support the practical implication of using interactive interpretation for promoting visitors' pro‐environmental attitudes and behaviours.
β‐Cypermethrin Alleviated the Inhibitory Effect of Medium from RAW 264.7 Cells on 3T3‐L1 Cell Maturation into Adipocytes
Authors: He Bingnan , Wang Xia , Jin Xini , Xue Zimeng , Ni Yinhua , Zhu Jianbo , Wang Caiyun , Jin Yuanxiang , Fu Zhengwei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractStudies have elucidated that pyrethroids induce adipogenesis. It is also known that macrophages can affect the homeostasis of adipose tissue. However, whether and how the β‐cypermethrin (β‐CYP)‐mediated inhibition of the macrophages affects adipogenesis remain unknown. To explore the effects of β‐CYP on adipogenesis through modulating the function of macrophages, 3T3‐L1 cells, a preadipocyte cell line, were exposed to culture medium from either RAW 264.7 cells, a macrophage cell line (RM), or β‐CYP‐treated RAW 264.7 cells (CRM). CRM decreased the inhibitory effects of RM treatment on cell proliferation and adipogenesis, as lipid accumulation, the CEBPA content, and Fasn and Acaca expression in 3T3‐L1 cells were higher following CRM treatment than following RM treatment through the higher levels of the demethylated CEBPA promoter in 3T3‐L1 cells. However, the medium from β‐CYP‐ and N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine‐cotreated RAW 264.7 cells (CNRM) partially restored the inhibitory effects of RAW 264.7 cells on 3T3‐L1 cells that had been reduced by CRM, indicating that β‐CYP might reduce the cytotoxicity and inhibitory effects of RAW 264.7 cells on the adipogenesis of 3T3‐L1 cells through elevating ROS levels in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, exposure to β‐CYP downregulated the TNF‐α secretion in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that β‐CYP affected the function of RAW 264.7 cells, alleviating their inhibitory effects on adipogenesis and CEBPA demethylation in 3T3‐L1 cells. β‐CYP might achieve these effects through downregulating the secretion of TNF‐α via elevating ROS levels in RAW 264.7 cells. Our experiments provide a new perspective on the obesogenic effect of pyrethroids.
Micromechanical Properties of Microstructured Elastomeric Hydrogels
Authors: Lau Hang Kuen , Rattan Shruti , Fu Hongbo , Garcia Cristobal G. , Barber Dylan M. , Kiick Kristi L. , Crosby Alfred J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLocal, micromechanical environment is known to influence cellular function in heterogeneous hydrogels, and knowledge gained in micromechanics will facilitate the improved design of biomaterials for tissue regeneration. In this study, a system comprising microstructured resilin‐like polypeptide (RLP)–poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels is utilized. The micromechanical properties of RLP‐PEG hydrogels are evaluated with oscillatory shear rheometry, compression dynamic mechanic analysis, small‐strain microindentation, and large‐strain indentation and puncture over a range of different deformation length scales. The measured elastic moduli are consistent with volume averaging models, indicating that volume fraction, not domain size, plays a dominant role in determining the low strain mechanical response. Large‐strain indentation under a confocal microscope enables the visualization of the microstructured hydrogel micromechanical deformation, emphasizing the translation, rotation, and deformation of RLP‐rich domains. The fracture initiation energy results demonstrate that failure of the composite hydrogels is controlled by the RLP‐rich phase, and their independence with domain size suggested that failure initiation is controlled by multiple domains within the strained volume. This approach and findings provide new quantitative insight into the micromechanical response of soft hydrogel composites and highlight the opportunities in employing these methods to understand the physical origins of mechanical properties of soft synthetic and biological materials.
AES and XRF Based Comparative Evaluation of Metallic Constituents at Trace and Minor Levels in Contaminated Neoprene Gauntlets and Cellulosic Materials
Authors: Sengupta Arijit , Rajeswari B  , Mahadeo Kadam Ramakant 
Published: April 2020

AbstractConventional characterization of plutonium contaminated neoprene gauntlets and cellulosic materials are highly difficult not only due to the non‐geometric and unconventional nature of the sample, but also the radio‐toxicity associated with them. An analytical method based on direct current arc atomic emission spectrometric (D.C.Arc AES) technique was developed for direct determination of 22 metallic impurities in contaminated neoprene gauntlets and cellulose samples. The samples were incinerated to powder form and analyzed against seven point standardization using graphite standards. The interference free best performed emission lines of the analytes were chosen as the analytical lines for establishing the calibration curves required for their estimation. The linear dynamic range, sensitivity, detection limit, precession associated with these analytical lines were evaluated in the graphite matrix. Energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry has also been employed for comparative evaluation of the analytical performance of the developed AES based method as well as analysis of the actual samples. D.C.Arc AES based method was found to have 20% precession, while that for EDXRF was 10%. However, elements with lower Z values and lower concentration can only be determined by AES.
An Organic Nanofibrous Polymeric Composite for Ratiometric Detection of Diethyl Chlorophosphate (DCP) in Solution and Vapor
Authors: Guria Uday Narayan , Maiti Kalipada , Ali Syed Samim , Gangopadhyay Ankita , Samanta Sandip Kumar , Roy Krittish , Mandal Dipankar , Mahapatra Ajit K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDiethyl Chlorophosphate (DCP) is an important nerve agent mimic. Its misused use by terrorists and accidental release from industries creates severe panic among the general public. So, nowadays DCP sensing is of great interest to researchers. Herein, polymeric nanofibers in conjunction with 3‐(benzothiazol)‐5‐bromo‐2‐hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime (BBHO) was prepared as a specific sensing device for nerve gas simulant DCP. Scanning electron microscopic study revealed
Amino Acids as the Nitrogen Source to Synthesize Boron Nitride Quantum Dots for Fluorescence Turn‐off‐on Detection of Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Kong Yuelin , He Yu , Zhou Ji , Zhong Shuhua , Song Gongwu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe BNQDs are synthesized by simple one‐step hydrothermal method, using amino acids as nitrogen source and boric acid as boron source. The BNQDs prepared by different amino acids emit strong blue fluorescence with the excitation wavelength from 280 to 400 nm. An “on‐off‐on” BNQDs fluorescent sensor is designed to detect ascorbic acid with Fe3+ as medium, extending the application in sensing. The fluorescence of BNQDs is quenched by Fe3+ on basis of the inner filter effect. With increasing of ascorbic acid, the fluorescence of BNQDs is recovered due to the oxidation‐reduction between Fe3+ and ascorbic acid. The assay is capable of recognizing ascorbic acid in the concentration range of 1–100 μM with a detection limit of 0.0833 μM. In addition, the method has the potential to determine Fe3+ and ascorbic acid in real water samples and human serum.
When Did Life Likely Emerge on Earth in an RNA‐First Process?
Authors: Benner Steven A. , Bell Elizabeth A. , Biondi Elisa , Brasser Ramon , Carell Thomas , Kim Hyo‐Joong , Mojzsis Stephen J. , Omran Arthur , Pasek Matthew A. , Trail Dustin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe front cover artwork was provided by Steven Benner (Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution) and Lucy Kwok (Earth Life Science Institute at Tokyo Institute of Technology). The image shows a path‐hypothesis to make prebiotic RNA, via mineral‐guided maturation of carbonyl species and base precursor formation in a post‐impact reduced atmosphere, with dates when these most likely gave RNA. Read the full text of the Review at 10.1002/syst.201900035.