bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic spectrum of the RBM10‐mediated intellectual disability and congenital malformation syndrome beyond classic TARP syndrome features
Authors: Kumps Candy , D'haenens Erika , Vergult Sarah , Leus Jasmine , van Coster Rudy , Jansen Anna , Devriendt Koen , Oostra Anna , Vanakker Olivier M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPathogenic variants in the RBM10 gene cause a rare X‐linked disorder described as TARP (Talipes equinovarus, Atrial septal defect, Robin sequence, and Persistent left vena cava superior) syndrome. We report two novel patients with truncating RBM10 variants in view of the literature, presenting a total of 26 patients from 15 unrelated families. Our results illustrate the highly pleiotropic nature of RBM10 pathogenic variants, beyond the classic TARP syndrome features. Major clinical characteristics include severe developmental delay, failure to thrive, brain malformations, neurological symptoms, respiratory issues, and facial dysmorphism. Minor features are growth retardation, cardiac, gastrointestinal, limb, and skeletal abnormalities. Additional recurrent features include genital and renal abnormalities as well as hearing and visual impairment. Thus, RBM10 loss of function variants typically cause an intellectual disability and congenital malformation syndrome that requires assessment of multiple organ systems at diagnosis and for which provided clinical features might simplify diagnostic assessment. Furthermore, evidence for an RBM10‐related genotype–phenotype correlation is emerging, which can be important for prognosis.
Diagnosis of peri‐implantitis in the absence of baseline data: A diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Romandini Mario , Berglundh Jessica , Derks Jan , Sanz Mariano , Berglundh Tord 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of clinical and radiographic evaluations made at a single time point during follow‐up in identifying (a) a history of peri‐implant bone loss and (b) the presence of peri‐implantitis.Material & Methods427 patients provided with implant‐supported reconstructions 9 years earlier were evaluated clinically by Probing Pocket Depth, Bleeding or Suppuration on Probing (PPD, BoP & SoP) and radiographically. Bone levels were assessed relative to the most coronal point of the intra‐osseous part of the implant. A history of bone loss and diagnosis of peri‐implantitis was confirmed through baseline documentation (direct evidence). Diagnostic accuracy of radiographic bone levels at 9 years and clinical findings (indirect evidence/secondary case definition) in identifying a history of bone loss and peri‐implantitis were evaluated through correlation and multilevel regression analyses as well as receiver operating characteristic curves. Results were expressed as sensitivity/specificity and area under the curve (AUC).ResultsBone levels observed at 9 years were highly accurate in identifying pronounced bone loss (>2 mm; AUC = 0.96; 95% CI 0.95–0.98). In the absence of baseline documentation, a secondary case definition based on the presence of BoP/SoP & bone level ≥ 1 mm (indirect evidence) provided the overall best diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.80; 95% CI 0.77–0.82) in identifying peri‐implantitis cases (direct evidence: BoP/SoP & bone loss > 0.5 mm). Moderate/severe peri‐implantitis (BoP/SoP & bone loss > 2 mm) was most accurately identified by the combination of BoP/SoP & bone level ≥ 2 mm (AUC = 0.93; 95% CI 0.91–0.96). Sensitivity of the secondary case definition suggested by the 2017 World Workshop of Periodontology (WWP) (BoP/SoP ≥ 1 site & bone level ≥ 3 mm & PPD ≥ 6 mm) was low.ConclusionsThe present results underline the importance of baseline documentation for the correct diagnosis of peri‐implantitis, especially in its early/incipient forms. The secondary case definition of peri‐implantitis suggested at the 2017 WWP demonstrated a high level of specificity but low sensitivity. Moderate/severe peri‐implantitis was most accurately identified by the combination of BoP/SoP & bone level ≥ 2 mm.
Long‐term Lower Extremity and Cardiovascular Complications after Simultaneous Pancreas‐Kidney Transplant
Authors: Amara Dominic , Braun Hillary J. , Shui Amy M. , Sorrentino Thomas , Ramirez Joel L. , Lin Joseph , Liu Iris H. , Mello Anna , Stock Peter G. , Hiramoto Jade S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLower extremity (LE) vascular disease and adverse cardiovascular events (ACEs) cause significant long‐term morbidity after simultaneous pancreas‐kidney (SPK) transplantation. This study's purpose was to describe the incidence of, and risk factors associated with, LE vascular complications and related ACEs following SPK. All SPKs performed at the authors’ institution from 2000 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcome was any LE vascular event, defined as LE endovascular intervention, open surgery, amputation, or invasive podiatry intervention. Secondary outcomes included post‐SPK ACE. A total of 363 patients were included, of whom 54 (14.9%) required at least one LE vascular intervention following SPK. Only 3 patients received pre‐SPK ankle brachial indices (ABIs). A history of peripheral artery disease (PAD) (HR 2.95, CI 1.4‐6.2) was a risk factor for post‐SPK LE vascular intervention even after adjustment for other factors. Fifty‐nine (16.3%) patients experienced an ACE in follow‐up. Requiring a LE intervention post‐SPK was associated with a subsequent ACE (HR 2.3, CI 1.2‐4.5). LE vascular and cardiovascular complications continue to be significant sources of morbidity for SPK patients, especially for patients with preexisting PAD. The highest risk patients may benefit from more intensive pre‐ and post‐SPK workup with ABIs and follow‐up with a vascular surgeon.
Gender‐Based EFL Writing Error Analysis Using Human and Computer‐Aided Approaches
Authors: Almusharraf Norah , Alotaibi Hind 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCommitting errors is expected in the development of language acquisition and learning; however, there is limited research that contributes to the literature on the effect of gender of English as a foreign language (EFL) writing. This study explored the gender differences in EFL students' writing using two approaches: human evaluation and computer‐aided error analysis (CEA). A corpus of 90,753 words was compiled from written samples collected from 197 participants (98 males and 99 females [freshmen or sophomores]) who were studying on a full‐time basis in a private institution in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). By utilizing descriptive analysis and factorial two‐way ANOVA to detect counting errors, the findings reveal that the distinctions between male and female writings are nonsignificantly related to specific errors. Generally, the results exhibit noteworthy differences between the error types of the two male and female groups (more error frequency in the male‐written productions). The findings support educators and decision‐makers on implementing more learner‐conscious teaching approaches, enhancing male and female students' EFL writing skills. This study further suggests diagnostic information about challenging EFL writing areas, which can benefit educators and course designers in establishing effective teaching strategies and feedback approaches that should be implemented to promote EFL writing skills.
Visual and chemical signals provide different information in Polistes fuscatus wasps
Authors: Cely Ortiz Christian , Tibbetts Elizabeth A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMost animals communicate using complex signals that convey information in multiple sensory modalities. Testing receiver responses to each signal in isolation as well as the composite signal provides crucial information about how receivers use and integrate information from complex signals. Polistes fuscatus wasps have facial patterns that are visual signals of individual identity and cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) that are used for nestmate recognition. Because wasps learn the unique facial pattern of each nestmate, they could potentially use both visual and chemical signals to assess group membership. We test whether P. fuscatus integrate information from visual and chemical signals when assessing conspecifics that approach their nest. We challenged wasps with conspecifics that had color patterns and CHCs of nestmates, color patterns of nestmates and CHCs of non‐nestmates, color patterns of non‐nestmates and CHCs of nestmates, and color patterns and CHCs of non‐nestmates. Wasps with non‐nestmate CHCs were treated aggressively, and wasps with nestmate CHCs were treated non‐aggressively, regardless of whether the wasps had nestmate or non‐nestmate color patterns. Therefore, wasps use chemical signals alone to identify nestmates versus non‐nestmates. Receivers do not integrate information from visual and chemical signals during assessment of potential intruders. Instead, visual and chemical signals convey different information and are used in different contexts.
Intraincisional medical grade honey decreases the prevalence of incisional infection in horses undergoing colic surgery: A prospective randomised controlled study
Authors: Gustafsson Kajsa , Tatz Amos J. , Slavin Roni A. , Sutton Gila A. , Dahan Roee , Ahmad Wiessam A. , Kelmer Gal 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMedical grade honey has previously been described as a prophylactic treatment for wounds. Local prophylactic treatment may be valuable in preventing post‐operative incisional infections in horses undergoing colic surgery but has not been evaluated.ObjectivesTo establish whether medical grade honey gel, applied on the linea alba intraoperatively, decreases the prevalence of incisional infections in horses undergoing colic surgery with no associated adverse effects.Study designProspective blinded randomised controlled clinical study.MethodsHorses older than 4 months that underwent colic surgery between May 2017 and December 2018 and survived for >2 weeks were included in the study. Horses were allocated 1:1 to treatment or control by block randomisation. In the treatment group, following closure of the linea alba, medical grade honey gel (L‐Mesitran Soft®) was placed in the incision followed by apposition of subcutaneous tissue and skin. Information regarding the incision and post‐operative complications was obtained at five time points (24 hours, 48 hours, 5 days, 14 days and 3 months).ResultsEighty‐nine horses were included in the study. No adverse effects associated with treatment were observed. Horses in the treatment group had a lower rate of incisional infection compared with the control group (8.2% vs. 32.5%, P = .02). The protective effect of MGH had a calculated adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.2 (95% CI:0.07‐0.8, P = .03). The number of patients required to receive treatment to prevent one case of incisional infection (NNEB) was 4.7. Risk factors associated with infection included: younger age (OR = 27, 95% CI: 2.3 to 306, P = .008) and diarrhoea 48 hours post‐operatively (OR = 20, 95% CI: 1.5 to 277, P = .02).Main limitationsFollow‐up was performed by different veterinary surgeons, hence not completely uniform.ConclusionLocal prophylactic treatment with medical grade honey gel in the abdominal incision during surgery is safe and may significantly decrease the prevalence of incisional infections in horses undergoing colic surgery.
Effects of increased temperature on arctic slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus is mediated by food availability: Implications for climate change
Authors: Pennock Casey A. , Budy Phaedra , Atkinson Carla L. , Barrett Nick 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Lakes are vulnerable to climate change, and warming rates in the Arctic are faster than anywhere on Earth. Fishes are sensitive to changing temperatures, which directly control physiological processes. Food availability should partly dictate responses to climate change because energetic demands change with temperature, but few studies have simultaneously examined temperature and food availability.

We used a fully factorial experiment to test effects of food availability and temperature (7.6, 12.7, and 17.4°C; 50 days) on growth, consumption, respiration, and excretion, and effects of temperature (12 and 19.3°C; 27 days) on habitat use and growth of a common, but understudied, mid‐level consumer, slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus, in arctic lakes. We also used bioenergetics modelling to predict consumptive demand under future warming scenarios.

Growth rates were 3.4× higher at 12.7°C in high food compared to low food treatments, but the magnitude of differences depended on temperature. Within low food treatments, there was no statistical difference in growth rates among temperatures, suggesting food limitation. Consumption, respiration, and nitrogen excretion increased with temperature independent of food availability. Lower growth rates coincided with lower phosphorus excretion at the highest temperature, suggesting that fish selectively retained phosphorus at high temperatures and low food. In habitat choice experiments, fish were more likely to use the 12°C side of the tank, closely matching their optimal temperature. We predicted a 9% increase in consumption is required to maintain observed growth under a 4°C warming scenario.

These results highlight considering changes in food resources and other associated indirect effects (e.g. excretion) that accompany changing temperatures with climate change. Depending on how food webs respond to warming, fish may cope with predicted warming if density‐dependent feedback maintains population sizes.
Direct and indirect effects of heatwaves on a coral reef fishery
Authors: Brown Christopher J. , Mellin Camille , Edgar Graham J. , Campbell Max D. , Stuart‐Smith Rick D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMarine heatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity, and indirectly impacting coral reef fisheries through bleaching‐induced degradation of live coral habitats. Marine heatwaves also affect fish metabolism and catchability, but such direct effects of elevated temperatures on reef fisheries are largely unknown. We investigated direct and indirect effects of the devastating 2016 marine heatwave on the largest reef fishery operating along the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). We used a combination of fishery‐independent underwater census data on coral trout biomass (Plectropomus and Variola spp.) and catch‐per‐unit‐effort (CPUE) data from the commercial fishery to evaluate changes in the fishery resulting from the 2016 heatwave. The heatwave caused widespread, yet locally patchy, declines in coral cover, but we observed little effect of local coral loss on coral trout biomass. Instead, a pattern of decreasing biomass at northern sites and stable or increasing biomass at southern sites suggested a direct response of populations to the heatwave. Analysis of the fishery‐independent data and CPUE found that in‐water coral trout biomass estimates were positively related to CPUE, and that coral trout catch rates increased with warmer temperatures. Temperature effects on catch rates were consistent with the thermal affinities of the multiple species contributing to this fishery. Scaling‐up the effect of temperature on coral trout catch rates across the region suggests that GBR‐wide catches were 18% higher for a given level of effort during the heatwave year relative to catch rates under the mean temperatures in the preceding 6 years. These results highlight a potentially large effect of heatwaves on catch rates of reef fishes, independent of changes in reef habitats, that can add substantial uncertainty to estimates of stock trends inferred from fishery‐dependent (CPUE) data. Overestimation of CPUE could initiate declines in reef fisheries that are currently fully exploited, and threaten sustainable management of reef stocks.
Disrupting institutional erasure: Organizational exit, remembrance, value, and the need to matter
Authors: Grace Hendrix Katherine 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNearing the end of my career, this narrative reflects my thoughts as I enter unknown territory—exiting my postsecondary institution and entering retirement. After a lifetime of working, this piece lays bare my (a) thoughts about being a Black female professor continually fighting for credibility in an academic war zone during my career and (b) apprehension as I ponder the aging process and what the future holds. My desire is not only to be accorded faculty emeritus status but to be remembered as an asset. Don't we all want to be viewed as valuable? Consistent with the scholarship about psychological needs to matter, after retirement, I want to reflect on my career believing my colleagues remember the importance of my presence, their ability to depend on me, and how much better academic life would be where I still on board.
Strengthening health information librarianship in Africa through associations and partnerships: personal reflections in memory of Shane Godbolt
Authors: Gathoni Nasra , Ajuwon Grace 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper describes the significant roles Shane Godbolt played in promoting partnerships and collaborations and strengthening the Association for Health Information and Libraries in Africa (AHILA). It presents the personal reflections of each author about Shane, the part she played in their professional and personal lives as well as Shane's vital support for AHILA and AHILA members during her lifetime.
Effect of high temperature on the mechanical properties of hierarchical porous cenosphere/geopolymer composite foams
Authors: Yan Shu , Zhang Fanyong , Feng Xue , Kong Jian , Wang Bo , Yang Jinlong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA hierarchical porous cenosphere/geopolymer composite foam (FHCs/KGP) was fabricated by the simultaneous incorporation of O2 pore from hydrogen peroxide and cenosphere filler addition. Effects of both H2O2 content and high‐temperature treatment on the microstructure, porosity and strength of porous FHCs/KGP foams were investigated systematically. The obtained FHCs/KGP foams showed typical amorphous structure and desirable porosity from 65 to 82%. The composites could crystallize in situ to FHCs/leucite foams above 1000℃. Compression strength of the FHCs/leucite foams showed a maximum value of 5 ± 0.3 MPa when treated at 1000°C. The improvement of mechanical properties for the composite foams was attributed to crack deflection, fractured microspheres and the good bond between the FHCs and matrix. This study could open opportunities to employ cellular foams as alternatives in structure and filtration applications.
The human natural anti‐αGal antibody targets common pathogens by broad‐spectrum polyreactivity
Authors: Bernth Jensen Jens Magnus , Skeldal Sune , Petersen Mikkel Steen , Møller Bjarne Kuno , Hoffmann Steen , Jensenius Jens Christian , Skov Sørensen Uffe B. , Thiel Steffen 
Published: December 2020

SummaryNaturally occurring antibodies are abundant in human plasma, but their importance in the defence against bacterial pathogens is unclear. We studied the role of the most abundant of such antibodies, the antibody against terminal galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose (anti‐αGal), in the protection against pneumococcal infections (Streptococcus pneumonia). All known pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides lack terminal galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose, yet highly purified human anti‐αGal antibody of the IgG class reacted with 48 of 91 pneumococcal serotypes. Anti‐αGal was found to contain multiple antibody subsets that possess distinct specificities beyond their general reactivity with terminal galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose. These subsets in concert targeted a wide range of microbial polysaccharides. We found that anti‐αGal constituted up to 40% of the total antibody reactivity to pneumococci in normal human plasma, that anti‐αGal drives phagocytosis of pneumococci by human neutrophils and that the anti‐αGal level was twofold lower in patients prone to pneumococcal infections compared with controls. Moreover, during a 48‐year period in Denmark, the 48 anti‐αGal‐reactive serotypes caused fewer invasive pneumococcal infections (n = 10 927) than the 43 non‐reactive serotypes (n = 18 107), supporting protection on the population level. Our findings explain the broad‐spectrum pathogen reactivity of anti‐αGal and support that these naturally occurring polyreactive antibodies contribute significantly to human protective immunity.
Managerial discretion and shareholder capital at risk
Authors: Falkinger Josef , Habib Michel A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractManagerial investment decisions put shareholder capital at risk. Shareholders respond either (i) by preserving the manager's discretion to choose among projects but decreasing the power of his (her) incentives, thereby decreasing the manager's gains from choosing risky projects, or (ii) by imposing a constraint on the type of project that the manager can undertake. We show that capital exposure—the extent to which managerial decisions put shareholder capital at risk—plays a central role in favoring the imposition of a constraint over the granting of discretion. We extend our analysis to consider other determinants of the choice between discretion and constraint.
Unveiling the drivers of local dung beetle species richness in the Neotropics
Authors: Pessôa Marcelo Bruno , Alves‐Martins Fernanda , De Marco Júnior Paulo , Hortal Joaquín 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimNearly 40 different hypotheses have been put forward to explain the latitudinal diversity gradient, implying that geographical variations of biodiversity may be the result of a complex array of factors affecting organisms in different ways. Our main goal was to identify the most important drivers of local dung beetle species richness in the Neotropics.LocationNeotropics.TaxonDung Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae).MethodsWe used a multi‐model approach to identify which potential drivers correlate better with the variations in local dung beetle species richness. We surveyed published literature on dung beetle communities to extract information on species richness, abundance, type of bait, type of habitat and sampling effort (as hours/pitfall) for different localities, discarding sites with low sampling effort. We used environmental variables to account for six possible explanations of species richness gradients: productivity, water–energy, ambient energy, habitat heterogeneity, resource heterogeneity and seasonality, as well as spatial data to account for other geographically structured phenomena. We used mixed models—with abundance, ecoregion and bait type as random factors—to select the best model among the variables accounting for each explanation. Finally, we used structural equation models to assess which explanations are associated with variations in dung beetle diversity and how they interact.ResultsResource heterogeneity was the best single correlate of dung beetle richness. However, the best multiple model comprises three different explanations: productivity, resource heterogeneity and other spatially structured factors. Structural equation models show that abundance is directly (positively) associated with richness, followed by primary productivity and soil variables (a proxy for environmental heterogeneity), together with mammal richness, (a proxy for resource heterogeneity).Main conclusionsSeveral explanations need to be considered to account for Scarabaeinae local richness patterns. The diversity of dung beetle communities correlates with the interaction of water–energy dynamics and heterogeneity in both resources and habitats. However, while heterogeneity variables are directly associated with richness, energy relates with it through abundance, and water through resource diversity.