bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PSIII-1 Activity of nucleolar organizers depending on genotype
Authors: Klenovitskiy Pavel , Iolchiev Baylar S , Vetokh Anastasia N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The level of protein proliferation and biosynthesis in various physiological and pathological processes depends on the functional activity in the nucleolar apparatus of cell. The activity degree of the nucleolar organizers varies depending on the level of functional load on the cells. It is associated with the exogenous and endogenous factors and the manifestation of polygenic traits, such as the synthesis intensity of subunits rRNA (18S and 28S) that enter the ribosome. The aim of this research was to study the relationship between the activity of nucleolar organizers and the animal genotype. The objects of study were goats with different genotypes divided by 3 groups of goats hybrids were used: group_I was 5 individuals of Karachay × F1(C.sibirica×C.hircus); group_II - 4 individuals of Boer × F1; group_III - 3 individuals of F2(C.sibirica×C.hircus) × F1. The material for the study was venous blood. Blood smears were fixed with Lillie’s solution and were stained using the Havel and Blake technique. Microscopic studies were performed using a Nikon Eclipse Ni equipped with Nikon DS-Qi2 camera (4908×3264). For statistical analysis of the obtained data, the SPSSv.23 was used. We used the average optical density AgNOR (DNOR) as an indicator reflecting the total amount of Ag bound to the argyrophilic proteins of the nucleolar organizer, It was found that in goats of the second group this indicator was 158.58±10.18, which was significantly inferior in terms of AgNOR to animals in group_I (211.10±3.62) and in group_III (206.77±4.43). No significant differences between the goats of groups I and III were found. Thus, the AgNOR criterion depends on the goat genotype to a certain extent and is of interest for assessing the activity of the nucleolar organizers in goats. Supported by RFBR project №20-016-00116А and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia (№АААА-А18-118021590132-9).
PSIII-14 Genetic Diversity and Haplogroup Distribution of Asian Chicken Populations using Mitochondrial DNA sequence
Authors: Roh Hee-Jong , Cho Chang-Yeon , Kim Seung-Chang , Kim Dong-Kyo , Lee Jinwook , Kim Kwan-Woo , Lee Jaeyeong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Estimating the genetic diversity and origins is critical for the identification and conservation of valuable animal genetic resources. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms have played a significant role in tracing the origin of specific breeds and the genetic diversity of domestic chicken and other livestock species due to their maternal inheritance, greater rate of substitution relative to unclear genes, and much lower rate of recombination. In this study, we analyzed the mtDNA D-loop region of 457 genomic DNA samples from 28 Asian chicken populations (Korea: 6, Laos: 4, Bangladesh: 3, Cambodia: 3, Indonesia: 3, Vietnam: 2, Kyrgyzstan: 1, Mongolia: 1, Nepal: 1, Sri Lanka: 1 and White Leghorn, Cornish, Rhode Island Red) from ten Asian countries to clarify their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. In addition, 49 reference data (43: Oka et al data, 6: red jungle fowl) were used. We found 82 haplotypes defined by 81 variable sites. Overall haplotype and nucleotide diversity were 0.978±0.01 and 0.0018, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses revealed seven haplogroups (Type A-G). The most of Asian chickens were included in haplogroup A(44.9%), B(22.8%), C(19.3%). Haplogroup F did not belong to any Asian chicken populations (include only 2 reference data). Mongolia chickens were only clustered in haplogroup A and Indonesian chickens did only haplogroup C. About half of Kyrgyzstani chicken populations (43.4%) were clustered in haplogroup E. Vietnamese chicken populations belong to all haplogroup except F. In case of red jungle fowl, G.g.gallus and G.g.bankiva were clustered in haplogroup C. G.g.spadiceus was clusterd in haplogroup E or A. As a result, it was possible to identify the mtDNA diversity and origin of Asian chicken populations. In future studies, it is necessary to understand the origin of each haplogroup by adding more reference data and red jungle fowl sequence data.
PSIII-4 Asthenozoospermia in geomagnetic activity
Authors: Iolchiev Baylar S , Klenovitskiy Pavel , Iolchiev Rustam , Tadzhieva Anna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Reproductive qualities depend on a complex of biotic and abiotic factors. The ejaculate of bulls is characterized by morphological heterogeneity. Pathologies in the structure of each segment or several segments simultaneously may occur under the influence of biotic and abiotic factors. The aim of the study was to study the influence of geomagnetic storm on the occurrence of asthenozoospermia in freshly collected bull sperm. Monitoring of geomagnetic activity in the region of the study was carried out according to the Institute of terrestrial magnetism, ionosphere and radio wave propagation. N. V. Pushkova of the Russian Academy of Sciences.Sperm quality assessment was carried out using the software “Argus-CASA.” A Mackler’s camera was used to assess mobility and concentration. Statistical analysis of the results of the study was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. The slides were visualized using a Nikon Eclipse Ni-U microscope and a Nikon DS-Qi2 camera. A geomagnetic storm with a K-index ≥ 5.0 was recorded four times in the monitoring region during the study period. During the period when the geomagnetic situation was normal (K = 1,0 1.0), the content of sperm with progressive movement (PR – progressive-mobile) was 87±2.3%, it varied from 82% to 91%. The content of sperm with flagella pathology was 5.74±0.12%. With an increase in geomagnetic activity to K-index ≥ 5.0, the content of sperm with non – progressive movement (NP-non-progressive-motile) increased to 14.2% and motionless sperm to 27.8% (IM-motionless). The content of motionless sperm at some individuals was 38%. Cells with multiple morphological anomalies accounted for 34% at some bulls. Asthenozoospermia in the period of geomagnetic activity is accompanied by an increase in the number of cells with flagella pathology, including multiple morphological anomalies. The study was supported by RFBR, project №. 18-016-00128 А
PSIII-13 Genetic assessment of isolated reindeer (Rangifer Tarandus) population from Tuva, Russia
Authors: Dotsev Arsen V , Kharzinova Veronika R , Shimit Larisa D , Sergeeva Olga K , Goncharov Vasily V , Layshev Kasim A , Romanenko Tatiana M , Fedorov Valeriy I , Senchik Alexander V , Okhlopkov Innokentiy M , Medvedev Dmitry G , Reyer Henry , Wimmers Klaus , Brem Gottfried , Zinovieva Natalia A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Reindeer herding is traditional in Tuva, Russia. This region is located in the southern part of the country, on the border with Mongolia and isolated from the other reindeer herding areas of Russia. During the last three decades, the census population size of Tuva reindeer has decreased drastically, from 15,000 to 1,500 heads. The aim of our study was to assess genetic characteristics of Tuva population of reindeer. Samples of Tuva reindeer (n = 12) were genotyped using Illumina BovineHD BeadChip. To perform the comparison with other ecotypes of domestic reindeer we added samples of all the breeds, which are officially recognized in Russia: the Chukotka (n = 12), the Nenets (n = 31), the Even (n = 12) and the Evenk from Yakutia (n = 12) and Krasnoyarsk region (n = 19). Reindeer from Mongolia (n = 11) as well as the wild reindeer from Yakutian and Taimyr tundra (n = 20), and Baikal and Amur taiga (n = 9) were added to our dataset. After quality control, 7,202 SNPs were selected for subsequent analyses. On PCA plot Tuva reindeer were clustered together with Mongolian reindeer. The FST genetic distance was lowest between these two groups – 0.039 comparing to FST values between Tuva and other groups of domestic reindeer, which ranged from 0.092 (the Evenk from Yakutia) to 0.137 (the Chukotka) and were highest between Tuva and wild reindeer populations (0.146). Allelic richness was lowest in Mongolia (1.288±0.004) and Tuva reindeer (1.301±0.004). In other breeds this parameter ranged from 1.323±0.004 (the Chukotka) to 1.356±0.004 (the Evenk from Yakutia). In our study, it was shown that reindeer from Tuva do not belong to any official breed of Russia and genetically are very close to Mongolian ecotype. Our results should be considered at developing programs for restoration of Tuva reindeer. This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation grant 16-16-10068-P
PSXII-32 Testing of low-density SNP panel in wild and domestic reindeer populations (Rangifer tarandus)
Authors: Deniskova Tatiana Evgenievna , Kharzinova Veronika R , Dotsev Arsen V , Solovieva Anastasiya D , Layshev Kasim A , Yuzhakov Alexander A , Romanenko Tatiana M , Fedorov Valeriy I , Reyer Henry , Wimmers Klaus , Brem Gottfried , Zinovieva Natalia A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A territory of northern Russia covering more than 4,194 square kilometers is the world’s largest dwelling and breeding area of wild and domestic reindeer. Unlocking its complete genome sequences should have promoted design and development of species-specific genotyping arrays, but this process is still in progress. However, evaluation of state of gene pool of reindeer populations cannot be paused to prevent dramatic losses in genetic diversity. Thus, we aimed to select SNPs to create low-density panel to perform genetic assessments without losing biological content. Our study was based on SNP genotypes of wild reindeer (n = 83), and domestic reindeer from the Nenets District (Nenets breed, n = 100), Murmansk Region (Nenets breed, n = 19), Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (Evenk breed, n = 19) obtained using Illumina BovineHD BeadChip. The data processing performed in PLINK 1.9 revealed 4456 polymorphic SNPs. Using Delta method implemented in the TRES software, 368 informative SNPs were selected from the whole set of polymorphic SNPs for further analysis. To compare the resolution power of low-density SNP panel with a whole set of polymorphic SNPs, we estimated minor allele frequencies (MAF) and performed PCA analysis and Admixture clustering. In case of low-density panel, we observed obvious bias to higher MAF (≥ 0.30), and 4% of SNPs had MAF around 0,1. Among the whole set of polymorphic SNPs, 70% SNPs had MAF ≤ 0.2. PCA obtained with low-density panel and the whole SNP set provided similar pattern of genetic differentiation between studied groups. Wild animals were clearly separated by PC1 from their domestic relatives. Besides Evenk reindeer was distant from two Nenets groups. The Admixture clustering demonstrated the identical patterns for both SNPs sets. The next step of our study will be developing custom DNA array based on 368 selected informative SNPs. The research was funded by RSF № 16-16-10068-P.
PSXII-37 Validation of single-step GBLUP genomic predictions from threshold models using the linear regression method: an application in chicken mortality
Authors: Bermann Matias , Legarra Andres , Hollifield Mary Kate , Masuda Yutaka , Lourenco Daniela , Misztal Ignacy 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether the linear regression (LR) method could be used to validate genomic threshold models used for analysis of categorical data. Statistics for the LR method were computed from estimated breeding values (EBVs) using the whole and truncated datasets. The method was tested using simulated and real chicken datasets. The simulated dataset included ten generations of 4,500 birds each; genotypes were available for the last three generations. Each animal was assigned a continuous trait, which was converted to a binary score assuming an incidence of failure of 7%. The real dataset included the survival status of 186,596 broilers (mortality rate equal to 7.2%) and genotypes of 18,047 birds. Both datasets were analyzed using Best Linear Unbiased Predictor (BLUP) or single-step GBLUP (ssGBLUP). The whole dataset included all phenotypes available, whereas in the partial dataset, phenotypes of the most recent generation were removed. In the simulated dataset, the accuracies based on the LR formulas were 0.45 for BLUP and 0.76 for ssGBLUP, whereas the correlations between true breeding values and EBVs were 0.37 and 0.65, respectively. The gain in accuracy by adding genomic information was overestimated by 0.09 when using the LR method compared to the true increase in accuracy. However, when the estimated ratio between the additive variance computed based on pedigree only and on pedigree and genomic information was considered, the difference between true and estimated gain was less than 0.02. Accuracies of BLUP and ssGBLUP with the real dataset were 0.41 and 0.47, respectively. Smaller improvements in accuracy when using ssGBLUP with the real dataset were due to population structure and lower heritability. The LR method is a useful tool for estimating improvements in accuracy of EBVs due to the inclusion of genomic information when traditional validation methods are not applicable.
PSXII-34 The evaluation of the influence of FMO3 gene polymorphism on the milk productivity of Ayrshire breed cows
Authors: Gladyr` Elena , Konovalova Elena , Sivkin Nikolay , Kostyunina Olga V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Russian Ayrshire population of cattle is the second largest in number the world population of animals of this breed. Trimethylaminuria (TMA) is the monogenic disease manifesting in the ‘‘fish off-flavor” of the milk from the sick cows and caused by R238X mutation in the flavin-containing monooxidase 3 gene (FMO3). The aim of our investigation was the analysis of the FMO3 gene polymorphism of Ayrshire cattle breed and its relationship with the milk productivity of the first lactation. The analysis of FMO3 gene polymorphism has been carried out on 352 animals of 5 herds, and associations with the milk productivity due 305 days have been evaluated on 20 healthy cows (RR) and 6 ones-carriers of the mutation (RX). DNA has been extracted by means of the kit “DNA-Extran” (“Syntol”, Russia). The identification of the FMO3 genotypes has been conducted by PCR-RFLP in according to the previously developed method with using TaqI restriction endonuclease. The frequency of animals-carriers of X allele associated with the defect of “fish off-flavor” of milk was in the range 10.21–12.82%. The frequencies of RR, RX and XX genotypes were 76.9, 20.5 and 2.6 %, respectively. The study of relationship between the genotypes on FMO3 gene and productivity traits has shown that the homozygous RR-individuals in comparing to RX-ones had significantly higher levels of the milk yield (+918.6 kg, P ≥ 0.05) and content of the milk protein (+28.8, P ≥ 0.05). Adaptive abilities of RR-cows of Russian selection allowed them to surpass animals of Finnish origin with a similar genotype in milk yield 5,655.6 ± 254.2 against 5,105.0 ± 238.6 kg. The investigations has shown the significant superiority the animals-non carriers of the “fish off-flavor” defect in the milk yield and content of the milk protein. This research was supported by the Ministry of science and higher education АААА-А18-118021590138-1.
PSVIII-3 Beneficial effect of cashew nutshell liquid-based supplements in vaccinated broilers against coccidiosis
Authors: Decaux Caroline , Pomponi Luigi , Julien Carl 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Vaccination has been developed over the years to counter coccidiosis; however, its effectiveness varies, and it is difficult to exploit due in particular to the young age of chickens at slaughter. Cashew nutsell liquid (CNSL) supplements have shown beneficial effects on growth performance and anticoccidial effects in Eimeria-challenged broilers. However, CNSL effects during an Eimeria infection in vaccinated chickens against coccidiosis need to be determined especially for organic production. Broilers vaccinated against coccidiosis were housed in pens and received one of the following treatments: 1) non-infected, non-treated (blank control); 2) infected, non-treated (negative control); 3) infected, nibarbazin/monensin shuttle program (positive control); 4) infected, Calica+ (CNSL-based formulation). Eimeria infection was induced by an oral administration of 200,000 sporulated oocysts of mixed Eimeria species harvested from field isolates. The trial was performed with 8 pens of 45 birds per treatment. Performance data and oocyst counts were analyzed by a mixed model including treatment as fixed effect and pen as random effect. Intestinal lesion scores were analyzed by category analyses. Calica+ improved average daily gain (ADG) (+7.4%, P &lt; 0.05) and showed a trend to reduce feed conversion ratio (FCR) (−1.8%, P &lt; 0.07) during the overall growing period (days 0–35), compared to infected and untreated broilers. Birds fed Calica+ also showed higher ADG than birds on nibarbazin/monensin shuttle program (+7.2%, P &lt; 0.05). Calica+ did not change levels of oocysts per gram of feces (OPG) at Eimeria excretion peak (6 days after inoculation) but it showed a trend to reduce the Eimeria tenella intestinal lesion scores (p&lt; 0.0685). In summary, the CNSL-based formulation Calica+ showed beneficial growth performance and anticoccidial effects in vaccination conditions against coccidiosis. This organic feed additive could be involved in an anticoccidiosis strategy that includes vaccination.
PSVIII-8 Effect of Lactobacillus Casei Zhang on E. coli induced injury of blood and milk barrier in dairy cow
Authors: Zheng Yuhui , Li Shengli 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bovine mastitis is one of the major diseases which directly affects the milk production performance and it causes huge economic losses in the dairy industry. Bacterial infection is the main risk factor of bovine mastitis and the antibiotic therapy is the primary choice to control the disease. However, persistence use of antibiotic increases the incidence of bacterial resistance and traces of antibiotic residues in animal products. Lactobacillus casei Zhang is one of the probiotics with multiple biological functions, which has certain bacteriostatic effect on pathogenic microorganism. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Lactobacillus casei Zhang (L. casei Zhang) on the prevention of E. coli-induced milk-blood barrier damage. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were used to establish a milk-blood model and Control group (PBS), E. coli group, and L. casei Zhang pretreatment plus E. coli group were set up respectively. The results showed that: L. casei Zhang could significantly reduce the increase of LDH release caused by E. coli treatment (P&lt; 0.05). And it can also significantly reduce the decrease of transmembrane resistance of monolayer cells caused by E. coli treatment (P&lt; 0.05). In addition, L. casei Zhang could significantly reduce the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1, Claudin-1, Claudin-4 and Occludin (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, L. casei Zhang could effectively improve the damage of the blood-milk barrier caused by E. coli and could protect BMECs during bacterial infection.
PSVIII-18 Protective effect of Lactobacillus Casei Zhang on E. coli induced mastitis in mice
Authors: Zheng Yuhui , Li Shengli 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Mastitis is an acute, obvious and harmful clinical disease in mammals. It is also one of the productive diseases with high incidence, rapid epidemic and great economic loss in dairy farming. Antibiotics are the first choice for the treatment of infectious mastitis, but the long-term use of antibiotics in large quantities will lead to the emergence of antibiotic residues and bacterial resistance, which is harmful to the health of both human and animals. As a potential substitute of antibiotics, Lactobacillus has great potential in the control of pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Lactobacillus casei Zhang (L. Casei Zhang) on the prevention of E. coli-induced mastitis in mice and its protective effect on the damage of the blood and milk barrier. Intramammary administration of E. coli was used to establish a mouse mastitis model. Control group (PBS), E. coli administration group, and L. casei Zhang pretreatment plus E. coli administration group were set up respectively and the mammary gland samples were collected for analysis. The results showed that: L. casei Zhang could significantly reduce the degree of breast tissue damage and the content of inflammatory factors TNF-α，IL-6 and IL-1β (P &lt; 0.05). In addition, the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1, Claudin-3 and Occludin in the mammary gland tissues of mice was significantly promoted (P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, intramammary administration of L. casei Zhang could effectively reduce the inflammation of the mouse mammary gland induced by E. coli, and this protection is achieved by promoting the expression of the blood-milk barrier tight junction proteins.
PSI-14 Feeding β-agonists under heat stress conditions in feedlot cattle
Authors: Grijalva Pablo C , Reith Rachel , Sieck Renae L , Swanson Rebecca , Schmidt Ty B , Petersen Jessica L , Yates Dustin T , Garcia Samuel , Diaz Duarte 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Red Angus steers (n = 24; 260 ± 25 kg) were used to analyze the effects of supplementation of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) under heat stress conditions on respiration rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), growth performance (GP), and carcass traits (CT). Steers were randomly assigned to a 2 x 2 factorial treatment arrangement (n = 6/group) with factors including heat stress (HS; THI=71 to 83) or thermal neutral (TN; THI=27 to 39) conditions and with/without supplementation of ZH (0 or 8.38 mg/kg/d on 88% DM basis). Steers were provided 9 d to acclimate to tie stalls rooms under TN conditions before starting the study. TN steers were pair-fed to the average daily dry matter intake (DMI) of HS steers. Ad libitum water consumption (WC) was recorded daily. HS and TN steers were harvested on d 22 and 23, respectively. By design, DMI was not different between environments (P = 0.43). DMI also did not differ between supplement groups (P = 0.31). RT, RR, and WC were greater (P &lt; 0.01) in HS steers compared to TN steers. There was a supplement by environment interaction (P = 0.02) for RT, as HS steers fed ZH had lower RT than HS control steers (39.1 vs 39.5 ℃). ADG was 20% higher (P = 0.04) in HS steers compared to TN steers. CT did not differ (P = &gt;0.05) due to environment, treatment, or interactions between environment and ZH supplementation. Our results suggest that feedlot steers under our experimental conditions display some sensitivity to HS through GP, RR, and RT, however, this did not translate to an impact on CT. Furthermore, ZH supplementation under HS conditions appears to impact thermoregulatory responses positively, yet this did not impact GP or CT.