bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphology and crystallization kinetics of Rubber-modified Nylon 6 Prepared by Anionic In-situ Polymerization
Authors: Zhao Hongkai , Zhang Dengchao , Li Yingshuang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work, we modified nylon 6 with liquid rubber by in-situ polymerization. The infrared analysis suggested that HDI urea diketone is successfully blocked by caprolactam after grafting on hydroxyl of HTPB, and the rubber-modified nylon copolymer is generated by the anionic polymerization. The impact section analysis indicated the rubber-modified nylon 6 resin exhibited an alpha crystal form.With an increase in the rubber content, nylon 6 was more likely to generate stable α crystal. Avrami equation was a good description of the non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon-6 and rubber-modified nylon-6 resin. Moreover, it is found that the initial crystallization temperature of nylon-6 chain segment decreased due to the flexible rubber chain segment. n value of rubber-modified nylon-6 indicated that its growth was the coexistence of two-dimensional discoid and three-dimensional spherulite growth. Finally, the addition of the rubber accelerated the crystallization rate of nylon 6.
Virtual laboratories as a tool to support learning
Authors: Herráez Angel 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
When university instructors face the need to train students on an experimental science, it means there should be a strong load of learning how to work in a laboratory, to understand the techniques, and to interpret results. However, it is often the case that there are difficulties associated e.g. to the lack of laboratory space, instrumentation or time in the course schedule. This article presents some guidance that may help in choosing, designing and particularly implementing practices around virtual laboratories and other simulations of experimental environments and techniques. The objectives are to provide a more active and significant learning, by engaging students in the process, to support and facilitate the practical sessions and, in cases where real experiments are not feasible, to provide some alternative exposure of the students to the laboratory work.
Evaluation of midwifery students’ learning approaches to the compulsory biochemistry course
Authors: Kosova Funda , Çelik Nurcan , Şimşek Hanife Nurseven , Cambaz Ulaş Seval 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Learning approach in a certain learning process is based on the student’s intentions, behaviors, and habits according to his/her perceptions of the task of learning and determines the amount and quality of learning. The objective of this study is to evaluate the learning approaches of 1st and 4th grade midwifery students to biochemistry course and the change, if there is any, through their education.

Methods
This is an observational, cross-sectional study. The research population consisted of the voluntary students (86.47%, n:147) of the 2017–2018 season of the 1st and 4th class of Manisa Celal Bayar University, Health Science Faculty, Midwifery Department (n:170). Data were collected by using the “Introductory Information Form” and the “Learning Approach Scale”, and evaluated in the SPSS package program by performing number, percentile, mean, standard deviation, independent t test.

Results
The mean age of the students was 20.82 ± 1.81. Over 95% of the students stated that biochemistry lesson was necessary, while 59.9% reported that their biochemistry knowledge was insufficient. Over 87% of the student expressed their belief that the content of the biochemistry classes will help them in their professional career. Mean score of deep approach for Learning Approach Scale was 34.13 ± 6.07 (Min:19.00–Max:50.00), and mean score of superficial approach for Learning Approach Scale was 26.94 ± 6.37 (Min:15.00–Max:50.00). There was a significant relation between deep approach scale score and the perception of high importance of biochemistry in the professional life (p<0.05).

Conclusions
Midwifery students, who believe that biochemistry is necessary for their professional career have a higher motivation for learning biochemistry, thus perform a deeper approach to learning. In general, creating effective and dynamic educational environments that support deep learning is necessary for enhancing the learning of biochemistry.
Numerical study on the rotating electro-osmotic flow of third grade fluid with slip boundary condition
Authors: Song Juan , Wang Shaowei , Zhao Moli , Li Ning 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConsidering the slip boundary condition, the rotating electro-osmotic flow of a third grade fluid in a channel formed by two parallel plates is investigated in the present study. The charge distribution is treated with the Debye–Hückel approximation analytically. Based on the finite difference method, the velocity profile for rotating electro-osmotic flow of third grade fluid is obtained numerically. It is shown that the non-Newtonian parameter of third grade fluid and the velocity slip factor play the important roles for the rotating electro-osmotic flow. The increasing non-Newtonian parameter slows down the flow and decreases the velocity magnitude, and the increasing slip parameterβhas the similar influence on the velocity profile. Furthermore, the effect of the inclusion of third grade on the velocity profile is more conspicuous in the area near the walls.
A modified simple chaotic hyperjerk circuit: coexisting bubbles of bifurcation and mixed-mode bursting oscillations
Authors: Leutcho Gervais Dolvis , Kengne Jacques , Ngoumkam Negou Alexis , Fonzin Fozin Theophile , Pham Viet-Thanh , Jafari Sajad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A relatively simple chaotic hyperjerk circuit, which is the modified chaotic hyperjerk system [Dalkiran and Sprott, IJBC 2016] is proposed and investigated in this paper. Only one semiconductor diode modelled the nonlinear function capable of rich and complex dynamical behaviours of the system. We investigate a new kind of behaviours name “bubbles of bifurcation’’ (referred as BsB hereafter) observed here for the first time in the hyperjerk system. An interesting phenomenon of mixed-mode bursting oscillations (MMBOs) is also investigated. The complex dynamics of the novel oscillator (such as MMBOs, BsB, offset boosting and multistability) with respect to its parameters and initial conditions are uncovered using bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents (LE) and phase portraits. As another interesting property of this circuit, some parameter regions are determined for the existence of coexisting BsB and the coexistence of asymmetric mixed-mode bursting oscillations. Let us emphasized that the complex phenomena observed in this work is very rare in the literature and henceforth merit dissemination. Finally, a physical circuit is constructed to demonstrate some experimental observation of MMBOs.
Zur Regulierung dezentraler Sekundärmärkte
Authors: Fischer Marius 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die Anwendung dezentraler Technologien ist nicht mehr nur auf Primärmärkte, also die erstmalige Platzierung von Tokens beschränkt, sondern dringt zunehmend auch in die Marktinfrastruktur der Sekundärmärkte vor. Aus regulatorischer Sicht stellt sich nun die Frage, ob diese dezentralen Elemente zu isolieren oder in die Regulierung zu integrieren sind. Zu diesem Zweck beleuchtet der vorliegende Artikel verschiedene Ansätze zum Handel mit Security Tokens und untersucht Probleme, die sich bei Anwendung der Regulierung nach MiFID II/MiFIR ergeben.
Aktuelle Fragen zur Kalkulation und Disposition von Ratensparverträgen unter Berücksichtigung des regulatorischen Umfelds
Authors: Beck Andreas , Bleses Christoph 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Viele Banken und Sparkassen haben mit ihren Kunden klassische Ratensparverträge mit Prämien- oder Bonuszinsstaffeln abgeschlossen. Diese Bankprodukte sind aktuell Gegenstand verschiedener juristischer Auseinandersetzungen. Für bestimmte Vertragsausgestaltungen wurden die enthaltenen Zinsanpassungsklauseln als unwirksam eingestuft, was die Frage aufwirft, wie die dadurch entstandene Regelungslücke zu schließen sein sollte. Ein wesentlicher Aspekt ist hierbei, ob die Produktzinsanpassung an den Referenzzins relativ oder absolut erfolgen sollte. Der Beitrag untersucht diese und andere Fragestellungen im Zusammenhang mit der Nachberechnung von Ratensparverträgen vor dem Hintergrund der wissenschaftlich anerkannten und in der Bankpraxis flächendeckend etablierten sog. Marktzinsmethode.
Phase II Trial of Neoadjuvant Bevacizumab with Modified FOLFOX7 in Patients with Stage II and III Rectal Cancer
Authors: Barzi Afsaneh , Choi April , Tsao-Wei Denice , Iqbal Syma , El-Khoueiry Anthony , Agafitei Dana Raluca , Cologne Kyle G , Lenz Heinz-Josef 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Lessons Learned
Neoadjuvant bevacizumab with modified FOLFOX7 without radiation failed to meet the goal of pathological complete response rate; however, the low number of recurrence and disease-free survival in this population, with predominantly stage III, is encouraging and worth further exploration. The racial distribution of the patient population, as well as a wait time of more than 4 weeks after last chemotherapy, may have contributed to the findings.

Background
Combination chemotherapy in lieu of radiation in rectal adenocarcinoma is under exploration in multiple trials. We evaluated the efficacy of neoadjuvant FOLFOX + bevacizumab in patients (pts) with clinical stage II and III disease.

Methods
Pts received six cycles of bevacizumab (5 mg/kg) and modified FOLFOX7 (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2, leucovorin 20 mg/m2, and fluorouracil [5-FU] 2,400 mg/m2). Surgical resection was performed 6–8 weeks after completion of treatment and upon confirmation of nonmetastatic disease. We employed a Simon two-stage design and required three pathological complete responses (pCR) in the first 18 pts, with a prespecified pCR rate of 25% before moving to the next stage.

Results
Seventeen pts enrolled; 65% at stage III. Median age was 57 (35–79), 65% were male, 47% were Hispanic, 35% were white, and 18% were Asian. All pts but one completed six cycles of therapy. One pCR was observed (6%), and 11 of 17 (65%) pts had pathological downstaging. One patient experienced systemic recurrence and remains on treatment. Probability of disease-free survival (DFS) at 5 years is 0.94 (SE, 0.06).

Conclusion
The study failed to meet the required three pCRs in the first 18 pts. The DFS in this population is encouraging and supports the hypothesis that select pts with rectal cancer may be spared from radiation.
A Systematic Review of Milk Fistula in Nursing Mothers: Modifying the Perspective Toward Maintenance of Breastfeeding
Authors: Alipour Sadaf , Dinas Konstantinos 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionMilk fistula is rare, and cessation of nursing has been recommended for treatment. We performed a comprehensive review of all existing literature to explore the causes of milk fistulae and the necessity of discontinuing breastfeeding, and mention our recommendations given our present practice.MethodGoogle Scholar, Pubmed, Ovid Medline, and Scopus were thoroughly investigated by using relevant keywords. After screening by reading titles, abstracts, and full texts of returned studies, pertinent articles were included and data extracted.ResultsSeventeen studies including 27 cases were included. Lactation ceased in 16 patients, but this was generally done without awaiting results of conservative management.ConclusionWe recommend measures for preventing milk fistulae, conservative measures for treatment, and continuation of breastfeeding throughout the process until healing occurs.
In Vitro Effects of Various Probiotic Products on Growth and Biofilm Formation of Clinical UPEC Strains
Authors: Gümüş Defne , Yüksek Fatma Kalayci , Bilgin Merve , Camadan Firdevs Deniz , Küçüker Mine Anğ 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most prevalent pathogen causing urinary tract infections (UTIs). UPECs have various virulence factors such as adhesins, biofilm forming and toxin producing etc., to survive in urinary tract. Under certain circumstances probiotics are preferred for prevention and treatment of UTIs. In this study, we aimed to investigate the in-vitro effects of four different Lactobacillus spp. cell-free supernatants on growth and biofilm formation inhibition in clinically isolated UPEC strains. Growths of 50 UPEC strains were determined in 96-well microplate and measured in a spectrophotometer after four hours incubation at 37°C. Biofilm formation was detected by crystal violet staining method on three UPEC strains. Statistical analysis of growth and biofilm formation experiments were performed by Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA Tukey’s multiple-comparison tests, respectively. All tested cell-free supernatans of lactobacilli inhibited growths (p<0. 0001) and biofilm formation (p<0.05) of UPECs. All results were found to be statistically significant. As a conclusion, our findings supported previous studies which reported the high efficiency of these four Lactobacillus spp. in the prevention of UTIs.
COVID-19: A Centennial Pandemic from Origin to Clinical Trials
Authors: Vidwans Ruddhida R , Lankadasari Manendra Babu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In December 2019, an unexpected interaction of coronavirus with human’s occurred for the third time in history after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2002-2003 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012. Soon the virus was confirmed as SARS-CoV-2, and the severity of its transmission lead the World Health Organization to declare it as World Pandemic. Due to its highly contagious nature, new methods like social distancing, self-hygiene and quarantine were being adopted by many countries to halt the transmission. Due to the dearth in specific therapeutics and/or vaccines against Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), a significant thrust in drugs and vaccine discovery was ratified by all the nations. The current review comprehensively details about the emergence and molecular pathogenesis with an interesting timeline which notes all the major events during this crisis. Given the potential general readers and health workers, the symptoms and diagnostic approaches were simplified. Emphasis was given to therapeutic approaches and clinical trials section to support the translational research and to cope up with the viral outbreak.
Prediction of Magnetic Properties of a Plastically Deformed Steel and One Way to Measure its Plastic Deformation
Authors: Sablik M.J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we use a phenomenological model based on the Jiles-Atherton-Sablik model of stress affecting the magnetic hysteresis of magnetic materials as modified when stress goes past the yield stress We use this to show that (1) the model produces sharp shearing of hysteresis curves, as seen experimentally and that (2) it also produces a step in the hysteresis loss at small residual plastic strain. We also find that the step in the hysteresis loss can be fitted to a power law, and find that the power law can be fitted by the power m=0.270, different from the mechanical Ludwik Law exponent, and reasonably close to the experimental 0.333 and 0.202. We will also suggest a method of measuring how plastically deformed the material is by suggesting how the dislocation density can be measured.
Pesticide Residues in Honey from Stingless Bee Melipona Subnitida (Meliponini, Apidae)
Authors: Pinheiro Carolina de Gouveia M. D. E. , Oliveira Fabiano Aurélio D. S. , Oloris Silvia Catarina S. , da Silva Jean Berg A. , Soto-Blanco Benito 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The present study aimed to detect pesticide residues in the honey produced by the stingless bee Melipona subnitida. A total of thirty-five samples of honey from M. subnitida were collected from twelve municipalities of the semiarid region of Rio Grande do Norte state, northeastern Brazil. Of these thirty-five samples, fourteen were from colonies raised in an urban area, while the other twenty-one were from the countryside. The pesticides in the samples were extracted using a modified QuEChERS method. The simultaneous analysis of 116 analytes in the honey samples was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Twenty-five samples (71.4% of samples) were contaminated by some amount of pesticide, and of them twenty-four had just one pesticide and one had three. The detected compounds included organophosphate pesticides (OPP) monocrotophos (24 samples), trichlorfon (6 samples) and chlorpyrifos-methyl (2 samples). In conclusion, the honey produced by the stingless bee M. subnitida may be contaminated by pesticides, which emphasizes the need for food monitoring before commercialization.
The Individual Transport Mobility Gap (ITMG) as an Obstacle on the Road to Higher Rates of Public Transport Use
Authors: Bongard Stefan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Research purpose. The call for higher rates of public transport usage seems reasonable and understandable, given the growing impact of climate change and the high burden of heavy traffic, especially on urban transport structures. A course of Bachelor’s degree students in Logistics explored the issue of satisfaction with individual transport mobility, formulating the hypothesis that there must be a striking difference in the quality behind the use of a private car versus the use of public transport. The hypothesised difference in perceived quality between the two modes of transport was called the individual transport mobility gap (ITMG).

Design/Methodology/Approach. The ITMG was considered from the perspective of people who mainly use a car (car users) and who mainly use public transport (public transport users). Both groups were asked how they rate their preferred means of transport and how they rate the alternative mode of transport using an online questionnaire. The survey can be accessed online at: https://fhludwigshafen.eu.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_6JOoxNvlSVxsdDv.

Findings. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesis that there is a substantial perceived gap with an ITMG value of 4.0 between using a car versus using public transport for people who primarily use a car. In contrast, the ITMG value for public transport users was only 0.8.

Originality/Relevance/Practical Implications. The originality of this approach lies in surveying satisfaction with a mode of transport at a highly aggregated level rather than at the level of individual quality factors, such as punctuality or flexibility. ITMG is defined in this study as a valuable metric that provides a basis for comparison. This quantitative metric can in turn be used to determine the effectiveness of measures to increase usage rates of public transport. The study also provides practical findings by making available its database to other researchers for further evaluation purposes. The study also contributes to scholarly and public discourse on how to effectively reduce the satisfaction gap in the use of private cars versus public transport, thus resulting in improved outcomes for the environment and society.
“Not Even All Physicians Know Chinese Medicine!”: Analysing the Legitimation Strategies of Chinese Medicine in the Estonian Media
Authors: Koppel Katre , Uibu Marko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To exemplify the legitimation processes of a pluralistic health field this article focuses on representations of Chinese medicine and its most popular spokes-person, Rene Bürkland, in the Estonian media. From 320 media texts published between 2009 and 2018 we chose 12 for close analysis with the aim of detecting specific discourses, untangling implicit meanings, and demonstrating the complexity of the rhetorical formulations used to legitimate Chinese medicine. We identified five key discourses – discourses of Bürkland’s charisma, holistic health, individual autonomy, subtle body, and integrative medicine – underpinning various legitimation strategies which aim to change the position of Chinese medicine from alternative to integrative. Our study reveals that the absence of scientific rhetoric together with key discourses has left Chinese medicine and its spokesperson without the attention of biggest critics of CAM and, therefore, has secured a positive image for Chinese medicine in the public discourse.
Faces of Mongolian Fear: Demonological Beliefs, Narratives and Protective Measures in Contemporary Folk Religion
Authors: Solovyeva Alevtina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article looks at the perceptions of fear and ‘the frightening’ in contemporary Mongolian demonology. In the article, I discuss beliefs concerning both human and supernatural – what is supposed to be frightening for humans and what is supposed to be frightening for spirits, ghosts and demons. In daily interaction with the supernatural this mutual ‘fright’ can be regarded as an important part of communication. In this article, I discuss what is believed to be the most frightful for humans and for supernatural agents, what kinds of image this fear relates to and what the roots of these beliefs are, as well as the popular ways to confront and defend against ‘frightening’ in Mongolian folklore.
My research is based on fieldwork materials collected during annual expeditions in different parts of Mongolia (2006–2017) and Mongolian published sources such as Mongolian newspapers and journals, special editions of stories about encounters with the supernatural.
Exploring Mechanisms of Recruitment and Recruitment Cooperation in Respondent Driven Sampling
Authors: Lee Sunghee , Ong Ai Rene , Elliott Michael 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Respondent driven sampling (RDS) is a sampling method designed for hard-to-sample groups with strong social ties. RDS starts with a small number of arbitrarily selected participants (“seeds”). Seeds are issued recruitment coupons, which are used to recruit from their social networks. Waves of recruitment and data collection continue until reaching a sufficient sample size. Under the assumptions of random recruitment, with-replacement sampling, and a sufficient number of waves, the probability of selection for each participant converges to be proportional to their network size. With recruitment noncooperation, however, recruitment can end abruptly, causing operational difficulties with unstable sample sizes. Noncooperation may void the recruitment Markovian assumptions, leading to selection bias. Here, we consider two RDS studies: one targeting Korean immigrants in Los Angeles and in Michigan; and another study targeting persons who inject drugs in Southeast Michigan. We explore predictors of coupon redemption, associations between recruiter and recruits, and details within recruitment dynamics. While no consistent predictors of noncooperation were found, there was evidence that coupon redemption of targeted recruits was more common among those who shared social bonds with their recruiters, suggesting that noncooperation is more likely to be a feature of recruits not cooperating, rather than recruiters failing to distribute coupons.