bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 analysis on environmental surfaces collected in an intensive care unit. Keeping Ernest Shackleton´s spirit.
Authors: Escudero Dolores , Boga Jose Antonio , Fernández Javier , Forcelledo Lorena , Balboa Salvador , Albillos Rodrigo , Astola Iván , García-Prieto Emilio , Álvarez-Argüelles Marta Elena , Martín Gabriel , Jiménez Josu , Vázquez Fernando 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Intensive care unit workers are at high risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection, especially when performing invasive techniques and certain procedures that generate aerosols (<5 µm). Therefore, one of the objectives of the health systems should implement safety practices to minimize the risk of contagion among these health professionals. Monitoring environmental contamination of SARS-CoV-2 may help to determine the potential of the environment as a transmission medium in an area highly exposed to SARS-CoV-2, such as an intensive care unit. The objective of the study was to analyze the environmental contamination by SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces collected in an intensive care unit, which is dedicated exclusively to the care of patients with COVID-19 and equipped with negative pressure of -10 pascals and an air change rate of 20 cycles per hour. Furthermore, all ICU workers were tested for COVID-19 by quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA methods.Results: A total of 102 samples (72 collected with pre-moistened swabs used for collection of nasopharyngeal exudates and 30 with moistened wipes used in the environmental microbiological control of the food industry) were obtained from ventilators, monitors, perfusion pumps, bed rails, lab benches, containers of personal protective equipment, computer keyboards and mice, telephones, workers' shoes, floor and other areas of close contact with COVID-19 patients and healthcare professionals who cared for them. The analysis by quantitative RT-PCR showed no detection of SARS-CoV-2 genome in environmental samples collected by any of the two methods described. Furthermore, none of the ICU workers was infected by the virus.Conclusions: Presence of SARS-CoV-2 on the ICU surfaces could not be determined supporting that a strict cleaning protocol with sodium hypochlorite, a high air change rate and a negative pressure in the ICU are effective in preventing environmental contamination. These facts together with the protection measures used could also explain the absence of contagion among staff inside ICUs.
Bomb Atoms in Modern Honey Reveal a Regional Soil Control on Pollutant Cycling by Plants
Authors: Kaste James , Volante Paul , Elmore Andrew 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
One of the longer-lived and more dangerous fission products dispersed globally by mid-20th century atmospheric nuclear weapons testing was 137Cs, which has a 30-year radioactive half-life. It has generally been assumed that outside of the vicinity of the test sites, 137Cs fallout washed off vegetation and was immobilized by soil, and thus of no ecological concern. Here we show that native plants thousands of kilometers from testing sites continue to cycle 137Cs because it mimics the essential nutrient potassium, and consequently, bees magnify this potentially lethal radionuclide in honey. There were no atmospheric weapons tests in the eastern United States, but, most honey here has detectable 137Cs at >0.03 Bq kg-1 (~1 million atoms per tablespoon), and in the southeastern U.S. it can be over 500 times higher. By measuring honey, we show regional patterns in the biogeochemical cycling of 137Cs for the first time and conclude that plants and animals receive disproportionally high exposure to ionizing radiation from 137Cs in soils with low potassium. In several cases, the presence of 137Cs more than doubled the ionizing radiation from gamma rays and x-rays in the honey, indicating that despite its radioactive half-life, the environmental danger to honeybees from this fission product can persist for more than six decades.
Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Potential Genes Involved in Browning of Fresh-cut Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)
Authors: Liu Xiaohui , Shang Jing , Zhang Aidong , Zhu Zongwen , Zha Dingshi , Wu Xuexia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Fresh-cut processing promotes enzymatic browning of fresh fruits and vegetables, which negatively affects the appearance of products and impacts their nutrition. We used the RNA-Seq technique to analyze the transcriptomic changes occurring during the browning of fresh-cut eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) fruit samples from a browning-sensitive cultivar and a browning-resistant cultivar to investigate the genes and molecular mechanisms involved in browning. Results: A total of 111.55 GB of high-quality reads were generated, the genomes of each sample were compared, and 83.50%–95.14% of the data was mapped to the eggplant reference genome. Furthermore, a total of 19631 differentially expressed genes were identified, among which 12 genes and two WRKY transcription factors were identified as potentially involved in enzymatic browning in fresh-cut eggplant fruit. Moreover, the 14 differentially expressed genes associated with browning were verified using qRT-PCR. Conclusions: Several genes associated with phenolic oxidation, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis were found to be differentially regulated between the eggplant cultivars with different browning sensitivities. This work is of great theoretical significance, as it provides a basis for future molecular studies and improvement of eggplants, and lays a theoretical foundation for the development of browning-resistant fresh-cut fruits and vegetables.
Whole-transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Promising Bioresource of Total Flavonoid from Bitter-Pit Apples, Especially the Pitted Parts
Authors: YU Xian-Mei , XUE Xiao-Min , WANG Jin-Zheng , NIE Pei-Xian , CHEN Ru , HAN Xue-Ping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Apple fruits are rich in flavonoids, and play important roles in human-health protection against chronic diseases. However, pitter pit in apple has affected apple fruit production worldwide. There must be some application values could be exploited from the bitter-pit apples so as to reduce the loss caused by bitter pit.Results: In the present study, the influence of bitter pit on the total flavonoid content and flavonoid biosynthesis in apples was investigated using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, whole-transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR analysis. The results showed that the total flavonoid content in bitter-pit apples (BG), pitted parts (BGBB) and non-pitted parts (JKBF) was 4.28-fold, 4.68-fold and 0.57-fold respectively as that in healthy apples (JKG). By RNA-Seq analysis, 26, 23 and 3 DEGs involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were enriched in JKG vs. BG, JKG vs. BGBB and JKG vs. JKBF comparisons, respectively. Eight DEGs [CYP98A3(1), CYP98A3(2), BADH, DAT, HCT(1), HCT(2), CHI(1) and CHI(2)], were selected to be validated by qRT-PCR analysis, and the consistent expression patterns with RNA-Seq analysis were obtained, the results showed that the 8 DEGs were upregulated in BG and BGBB but downregulated in JKBF when compared with JKG.Conclusions: The flavonoid accumulation and biosynthesis in apples, especially the pitted parts, were stimulated greatly by bitter pit, while depressed slightly in non-pitted parts. The results indicated that the bitter-pit apples, especially the pitted parts, could be used as the promising bioresource of total flavonoid for the therapeutic utilization in human chronic diseases.
Penehyclidine mitigates intraoperative oculocardiac reflex and postoperative nausea and vomiting in the patients with strabismus surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded comparison
Authors: Sun Jiacheng , Cao Xiaofei , Lu Ting , Li Nan , Min Xinxu , Ding Zhengnian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPONV is one of the most frequent complications following anesthesia and strabismus surgery. Penehyclidine, an anticholinergic, is widely and preoperatively used for reducing glandular secretion in patients. This study investigated the effect of penehyclidine on PONV in strabismus surgery.MethodsIn this prospective, randomized, and double-blinded study, patients of strabismus surgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to either penehyclidine (n = 114) or normal saline (NS, n = 104) groups. Penehyclidine was administrated immediately after anesthesia induction, and patients treated with NS served as controls. PONV was investigated within 48 h after surgery. Intraoperative OCR was also recorded.ResultsCompared with NS controls, penehyclidine significantly reduced PONV incidence [30.7% vs. 54.8%, P < 0.001] and mitigated PONV severity as indicated by severity scoring (P < 0.001). When stratified by gender and age, the reduction of PONV incidence following penehyclidine treatment was found significant in all adult patients and male underaged patients. Unexpectedly, penehyclidine also significantly reduced OCR incidence [57.9% vs. 77.9%, P < 0.01] and mitigated OCR severity which indicated by requirement of atropine to rescue [77.3% vs. 90.1%, P < 0.05]. Moreover, penehyclidine did not significantly change anesthesia recovery time, facial flushing and drowsiness occurrence compared to NS controls.ConclusionsPenehyclidine administration after anesthesia induction significantly attenuated intraoperative OCR and PONV in strabismus surgery patients.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04054479). Registered July 19, 2019, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04054479?id=NCT04054479&draw=2&rank=1
Characterizing the structural covariance network in AD-susceptible single nucleotide polymorphisms and the correlations with cognitive outcomes
Authors: Chang Hsin-I , Chang Yu-Tzu , Huang Chi-Wei , Huang Kuo-Lun , Hsu Jung-Lung , Hsu Shih-Wei , Tsai Shih-Jen , Chang Wen-Neng , Lee Chen-Chang , Huang Shu-Hua , Chang Chiung-Chih 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe clinical manifestations of Alzheimer disease (AD) are related to brain network degeneration, while genetic differences may mediate network change patterns. A number of AD-susceptible loci have been reported using genome-wide association studies, however, how they modulate intracerebral volume and relationships to cognitive outcomes remains to be established. We hypothesized that different genotype groups may modulate large-scale brain networks independently or interact with apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) status to determine neurobehavior test scores.MethodsGray matter structural covariance networks were constructed in 324 patients with AD using T1 magnetic resonance imaging with independent component analysis (ICA). We assessed 15 genetic loci (rs9349407, rs3865444, rs670139, rs744373, rs3851179, rs11136000, rs3764650, rs610932, rs6887649, rs7849530, rs4866650, rs3765728, rs34011, rs6656401, rs597668) using the additive, recessive and dominant model on clinical outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed to explore the independent role of each locus, interactions with ApoE4 status, and relationships to brain ICA network integrity score. We used Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) total score or short-term memory (STM) subscore as the major outcome factors, adjusted for covariates of education, disease duration and age.ResultsClinically, the CD2AP G allele showed a protective role in CASI-total and CASI-STM scores independently or via interactions with non-ApoE4 status, while the CR1 A genotype group was associated with lower STM independently of ApoE4 status. Three loci showed synergic interactions with ApoE4: BIN 1 T allele and MS4A6A G allele with non-ApoE4 status, and FTMT G allele with ApoE4 status. The network integrity scores revealed 9 significant ICA networks (anterior and posterior hippocampus, right temporal, right or left thalamus, inferior cerebellum, medial cerebellum, default mode network, frontal attention network) that correlated with cognitive scores, in which only the ApoE4 and MS4A6A genotype group was independently related to the hippocampus network. Genetic loci of MS4A6A, BIN1, CD2AP, CD33, CLU, BIN1, P73, EXOC3L2, CR1 and MS4AE4 exerted network influence independently or via interactions with ApoE4 status.ConclusionsThis study suggests that AD-susceptible loci may exert clinical significance independently, through interactions with ApoE4 status or by modulating ICA networks to determine cognitive outcomes.
Analysis and Modeling of Supply Chain Management of Fresh Products Based on Genetic Algorithm in E-commerce Environment
Authors: Chen Yaoting 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSupply chain provides the chance to enhance chain performances by decrease these uncertainties. It is a demand for some level of co-ordination of activities and processes within and between organization in the supply chain to decrease uncertainties and increase more cost for customers. Partner selection is an important issue in the supply chain management of fresh products in E-commerce environment. In this paper, we utilized a multi-objective genetic algorithm for evaluation supply chain of fresh products in E-commerce environment. ResultsThe proposed multi-objective genetic algorithm is to search the set of Pareto-optimal solutions for these conflicting objectives using by weighted sum approach. The proposed model suitable for fresh products in E-commerce environment to optimize supply chain are derived. The value of objective 1 (f1) performs approximately nonlinearly with the increasing the value of objective 2,3 and 4 (f2,f3 and f4). At the value of objective 1 of 3.2*105, f2, f3 and f4 is about 4.3*105, 86 and 5.6*104. When the value of objective 1 is increased to 7.6*105, the minimum f2, f3 and f4 is about 3.0*105, 38 and 2.56*104. It is noted that the value of objective 1 is increased from 6.4*105 to 7.6*105, the variation of f2, f3 and f4 is 11.7%, 17.4% and 3.4% respectively. It is pointed out that the variation of f2 and f3 with f1 and f4 is kept within obvious ranges. This practical result highlights the fact that the effects of the fact that effects of f2 and f3 are important factors affecting the performance supply chain network of fresh product in E-commerce environment.ConclusionsIn this paper, we utilized a multi-objective genetic algorithm for evaluation supply chain of fresh products in E-commerce environment. Four objectives for optimal process are included in the proposed model: (1) maximization of green appraisal score, (2) minimization of transportation time and total time comprised of product time, (3) maximization of average product quality, (4) minimization of transportation cost and total cost comprised of product cost. In order to evaluate optimal process, set of Pareto-optimal solutions is obtained based on the weighted sum method.
Service Demand for Psychological Interventions Among Australian adults: A Population Perspective
Authors: Page Imogen S , Sparti Claudia , Santomauro Damian , Harris Meredith 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPsychological interventions (PIs) are good practice treatment for both subthreshold and diagnosed mental disorders. Australia has implemented major reforms to expand the provision of subsidised psychological services for Australians with a diagnosed mental disorder. But there are gaps in knowledge about demand for PIs (i.e., use of and perceived need for PIs) across the population. This study uses nationally representative survey data to analyse demand for PIs in Australia. It also provides a method for analysing survey data to estimate demand for PIs when new survey data becomes available, along with suggestions to inform future survey development.MethodsNationally representative community survey respondents (n=8,841, 16–85 years) indicated their perceived need for nine types of help for mental health problems in the past 12 months, including three PIs (cognitive behavioural therapy, psychotherapy, and counselling), and whether these needs were unmet, partially met, or fully met. Types of help were grouped as: PIs only; PIs plus other; and other only.Results7.9% (95%CI: 7.2–8.6) received PIs. Receipt of PIs was positively associated with higher education and consulting a mental health specialist. Twice as many respondents received PIs plus medication as compared to PIs only (4.2% vs. 2.0%). Almost half (45.4%, 95%CI 36.5–4.6) incurred out-of-pocket costs for treatment. The most common reason for partially met need for PIs was cost (24.8%, 95%CI 17.2–34.3); for unmet need, it was preference for self-management (33.9%, 95%CI 21.2–49.5). Perceived unmet need for PIs only (3.1%, 95%CI 2.1–4.6) or PIs plus other (5.2%, 95%CI 3.9%-6.9%) was lower than for other only (22.8%, 95%CI 18.7–27.6). ConclusionsContinued reforms in Australia means that on-going monitoring of demand for PIs, using nationally representative data, is required. This study provides a baseline for comparison of the long-term effects of these reforms; this comparison may be undertaken using data from the third iteration of Australia’s NSMHWB, due for completion in 2020 – 2021.
Efficacy of Early Intervention on the Bowel Damage and Intestinal Surgery of Crohn’s Disease, Based on the Lémann Index
Authors: Zhu Mingming , Feng Qi , Xu Xitao , Qiao Yuqi , Cui Zhe , Yan Yunqi , Ran Zhihua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Clinicians aim to prevent progression of Crohn’s disease (CD); however, many patients require surgical resection because of cumulative bowel damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of early intervention on bowel damage in patients with CD using the Lémann Index and to identify bowel resection predictors. Methods: We analyzed consecutive patients with CD retrospectively. The Lémann Index was determined at the point of inclusion and at follow-up termination. The Paris definition was used to subdivide patients into early and late CD groups. Results: We included 154 patients, comprising 70 with early CD and 84 with late CD. After follow-up for 17.0 months, more patients experienced a decrease in the Lémann Index (61.4% vs. 42.9%), and fewer patients showed an increase in the Lémann Index (20% vs. 35.7%) in the early compared with the late CD group. Infliximab and other therapies reversed bowel damage to a greater extent in early CD patients than in late CD patients. Twenty-two patients underwent intestinal surgery, involving 5 patients in the early CD group and 17 patients in the late CD group. Three independent predictors of bowel resection were identified: baseline Lémann index ≥ 8.99, disease behavior B1, and history of intestinal surgery. Conclusions: Early intervention within 18 months after CD diagnosis could reverse bowel damage and decrease short-term intestinal resection. Patients with CD with a history of intestinal surgery, and/or a Lémann Index > 8.99 should be treated aggressively and monitored carefully to prevent progressive bowel damage.
Antibiotics for Fever After Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection May Be Unnecessary: A Propensity Score-Matching Analysis
Authors: Lai Yongkang , Zhang Qian , Pan Xiaolin , Zhu Zhenhua , Long Shunhua , Zhou Xiaojiang , Li Guohua , Zhu Yin , Chen Youxiang , Shu Xu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been widely used and has gradually become the main endoscopic treatment for gastrointestinal mucosal and submucosal lesions. Whether antibiotics are necessary for fever after gastric ESD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to analyse the value of the use of antibiotics for fever after ESD. Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with fever after ESD from January 2014 to January 2019 were included and divided into 2 groups: the antibiotic group and the non-antibiotic group. Fever and hospitalization time were compared between the 2 groups after propensity score (PS) matching. Results: A total of 451 patients with fever after ESD were included in the present study. with 240 patients in the non-antibiotics group and 211 patients in antibiotics group before matching and 96 patients in the non-antibiotics group and 96 patients in antibiotics group after matching with all baseline characteristics balanced (p > 0.05). Fever duration was not significantly different between the 2 groups (p=0.074). However, the median hospital stay in the antibiotic group was longer than that in the non-antibiotic group (8 vs 7, p=0.006). Conclusions: Antibiotics for fever after gastric ESD may be unnecessary.
Microvascular Density In The Evaluation Of Neoplastic Cervical Lesions
Authors: Ling Lim Sin , Krishnappa Purushotham , Nalliah Sivalingam , Shamsudin Noor Hasni , Othman Azizon Binti , Ravindran Rashindra 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Aims: To evaluate the diagnostic value of CD31 immunohistochemical (IHC) investigation in neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix among patients of Hospital Tuanku Jaafar (HTJ), Seremban, Malaysia.Methods: This is a retrospective correlation study constituting 105 cases in total, selected over a 10-year period from March 2005 to March 2015. It was conducted in the research laboratories of the International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, and sample collection was performed at the Department of Pathology of HTJ. Patients diagnosed with “cervicitis”, “cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades I through III” and “squamous cell carcinoma” were included in the study. Non-epithelial cervical lesions were excluded. Demographic data and representative paraffin blocks with H&E slides of each case were reviewed. Sectioned samples were stained immunohistochemically with CD31 to mark endothelial cells. Staining density of the microvessels was then observed under high power. The average of three hotspots per sample was obtained and recorded as the microvascular density (MVD) score. Means for each diagnostic group were tabulated and results were statistically analysed using SPSS version 18.Results: Patients’ age ranged from 23 to 85 years with mean of 49.2 years. Cases of carcinoma were most prevalent among 60-69 year-olds. Mean MVD score increases with increasing dysplasia from cervicitis (8.84), CIN (12.57) to carcinoma cervix (29.6).Conclusion: MVD CD31 immunohistochemistry investigation can aid in differentiating cervical lesions; benign, intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive malignancy, and could play an adjuvant role in diagnosing neoplastic cervical lesions.