bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of pulse width manipulation compared to program changes alone for unsatisfactory sacral neuromodulation therapy: A retrospective matched‐cohort analysis
Authors: Rueb Jessica , Fascelli Michele , Goldman Howard B. , Vasavada Sandip , Rackley Raymond , Moore Courtenay , Gill Bradley 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimPulse width (PW) influences neuromodulation by its impact on nerve fiber recruitment. A paucity of data regarding the manipulation of PW in sacral neuromodulation (SNM) exists. This study describes the clinical features and outcomes of PW manipulation for unsatisfactory SNM therapy.MethodsA retrospective, single‐institution review was performed of reprogrammed SNM patients between 2010 and 2019. Two cohorts were created: those with PW changes ± program changes and age‐matched controls with program changes alone. Patients lacking follow‐up and non‐InterStim II models were excluded.ResultsOut of 710 SNM interrogations, 147 (20.7%) had PW changes and 80 met inclusion criteria. Most PW changes were shortened (61/80, 76.3%). Clinical features did not differ between cohorts except by indication for reprogramming. The most common indication for PW change was painful stimulation (34/80, 43%), whereas in controls it was suboptimal efficacy (76/80, 95%). Clinical success was stratified by indication. There was a higher improvement in efficacy in the PW cohort (61%, 17/28 vs. 36%, 27/76, p = .02). PW manipulation successfully relieved painful stimulation in 50% (17/34 vs. 0/3, p = .23), which was more likely with a shortened compared to extended PW (14/15, 93.3% vs. 0/6, 0%, p < .01). PW resulted in improvement in localization of the stimulus in 94% (17/18 vs. 0/1, p = .10). The subsequent lead revision or explant was significantly higher in the PW cohort (43% vs. 25%, p = .03).ConclusionPW manipulation may aid the salvage of unsatisfactory SNM therapy. These findings represent an initial assessment of the role of PW in SNM, particularly regarding the efficacy and painful stimuli. The further prospective investigation is warranted.
A half‐inverse problem for singular diffusion operator with certain boundary conditions
Authors: Ergün Abdullah , Amirov Rauf 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we studied the half inverse spectral problem for singular diffusion operator with certain boundary conditions. The discontinuity function in this operator is defined as and α > 0, α ≠ 1, β > 0, β ≠ 1 and a1, a2 ∈ (0, π), , . We prove that the potential functions p(x) and q(x) are determined uniquely by using the Yang–Zettl and Hocstadt–Lieberman methods. We examine that if potential functions q(x) and p(x) are prescribed over the interval , then reconstruction of the potential functions q(x) and p(x) by one spectrum on the (0, π).
The ACA Medicaid Expansion in Michigan and Financial Health
Authors: Miller Sarah , Hu Luojia , Kaestner Robert , Mazumder Bhashkar , Wong Ashley 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article examines how the financial health changes following an individual's enrollment in Michigan's Medicaid program (Healthy Michigan Program, HMP). We use unique data that link credit reports of HMP enrollees to Medicaid administrative data on enrollment and use of healthcare services. We find that Medicaid enrollment is associated with large improvements in several measures of financial health, including reductions in unpaid bills, medical bills, over limit credit card spending, and public records (such as evictions, judgments, and bankruptcies). These improvements are apparent across several subgroups, although individuals with greater medical need, such as those with chronic illnesses, experience the largest benefits.
Risk factors for steroid‐induced affective disorder in children with leukemia
Authors: Muriel Anna C. , Burgers Darcy E. , Treyball Annika N. , Vrooman Lynda M. , Adolf Esmeralda , Samsel Chase 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCorticosteroids are essential to treating childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and can cause significant neuropsychiatric side effects. This retrospective chart review is a preliminary exploration of characteristics associated with psychiatry consultation and steroid‐induced affective disorder (SIAD) during ALL treatment. Of 125 ALL patients (ages 1‐10 years), 56 (44.8%) received psychiatry consultation. Thirty‐nine (31.2%) of the total cohort were diagnosed with SIAD. SIAD was significantly associated with family psychiatric history, but not with steroid exposure, CNS radiation, sociodemographic factors, developmental delay, Trisomy 21, or prior psychiatric history. Gathering family psychiatric history may help identify children at increased risk of SIAD.
Development and validation of a novel informational booklet for pediatric long‐term ventilation decision support
Authors: Edwards Jeffrey D. , Panitch Howard B. , George Maureen , Cirrilla Anne‐Marie , Grunstein Eli , Wolfe Joanne , Nelson Judith E. , Miller Rachel L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo provide accessible, uniform, comprehensive, and balanced information to families deciding whether to initiate long‐term ventilation (LTV) for their child, we sought to develop and validate a novel informational resource.MethodsThe Ottawa Decision Support Framework was followed. Previous interviews with 44 lay and 15 professional stakeholders and published literature provided content for a booklet. Iterative versions were cognitive tested with six parents facing decisions and five pediatric intensivists. Ten parents facing decisions evaluated the booklet using the Preparation for Decision Making Scale and reported their decisional conflict, which was juxtaposed to the conflict of 21 parents who did not read it, using the Decisional Conflict Scale. Twelve home ventilation program directors evaluated the booklet's clinical sensibility and sensitivity, using a self‐designed six‐item questionnaire. Data presented using summary statistics.ResultsThe illustrated booklet (6th‐grade reading level) has nine topical sections on chronic respiratory failure and invasive and noninvasive LTV, including the option to forgo LTV. Ten parents who read the booklet rated it as helping “Quite a bit” or more on all items of the Preparation for Decision Making Scale and had seemingly less decisional conflict than 21 parents who did not. Twelve directors rated it highly for clinical sensibility and sensitivity.ConclusionsThe LTV booklet was rigorously developed and favorably evaluated. It offers a resource to improve patient/family knowledge, supplement shared decision‐making, and reduce decisional conflict around LTV decisions. Future studies should validate it in other settings and further study its effectiveness.
Are hyporheic oligochaetes efficient indicators of hydrological exchanges in river bed sediment? A test in a semi‐natural and a regulated river
Authors: Creuzé des Châtelliers Michel , Doledec Sylvain , Lafont Michel , Dole‐Olivier Marie‐José , Konecny Lara , Marmonier Pierre 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRiver‐groundwater exchanges are crucial for several ecological processes, but difficult to localize. Hyporheic oligochaetes may represent efficient biological indicators of these exchanges, but hydrological disturbance may alter oligochaete distribution and blur the spatial patterns of river‐groundwater exchanges. Oligochaete assemblages were compared in the Drôme River, which is a semi‐natural braided river with an unmodified discharge, and the Ain River, which has reduced sediment mobility and hydropeaking due to several upstream dams. In the semi‐natural river, the oligochaete distribution was mostly controlled by the origin of the water: some stygoxene species (e.g., Chaetogaster spp. and Vejdovskyella intermedia) were restricted to or more abundant in downwellings, whereas a set of stygophiles (e.g., Stylodrilus sp. and Cernovitoviella sp.) and stygobites (e.g., Aberrantidrilus cuspis) were present or more abundant only in upwellings. Species living in fine sediment (e.g., Potamothrix sp. and Tubifex sp.) also occurred in upwellings due to their location at the border of the braided strip. Conversely, in the regulated river, oligochaete assemblages were abundant and diversified, with species living in fine sediment being dominant in the partially clogged stations. The spatial distribution of most species did not follow typical surface‐hyporheic exchange patterns: most stygophiles (e.g., Proppapus volki and Marionina argentea) and some stygobites (e.g., Haber turquini) were found in both upwellings and downwellings or even at stations without water exchanges (e.g., Rhyacodrilus balmensis). In rivers subjected to hydrological disturbance and hydropeaking, oligochaetes became poor indicators of river‐groundwater exchanges.
An Ion‐Imprinting Derived Strategy to Synthesize Single‐Atom Iron Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Ding Shichao , Lyu Zhaoyuan , Zhong Hong , Liu Dong , Sarnello Erik , Fang Lingzhe , Xu Mingjie , Engelhard Mark H. , Tian Hangyu , Li Tao , Pan Xiaoqing , Beckman Scott P. , Feng Shuo , Du Dan , Li Jin‐Cheng , Shao Minhua , Lin Yuehe 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCarbon‐based single‐atom catalysts (CSACs) have recently received extensive attention in catalysis research. However, the preparation process of CSACs involves a high‐temperature treatment, during which metal atoms are mobile and aggregated into nanoparticles, detrimental to the catalytic performance. Herein, an ion‐imprinting derived strategy is proposed to synthesize CSACs, in which isolated metal–nitrogen–carbon (Me–N4–Cx) moiety covalently binds oxygen atoms in Si‐based molecular sieve frameworks. Such a feature makes Me–N4–Cx moiety well protected/confined during the heat treatment, resulting in the final material enriched with single‐atom metal active sites. As a proof of concept, a single‐atom Fe–N–C catalyst is synthesized by using this ion‐imprinting derived strategy. Experimental results and theoretical calculations demonstrate high concentration of single FeN4 active sites distributed in this catalyst, resulting in an outstanding oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance with a half‐wave potential of 0.908 V in alkaline media.
Cybersecurity awareness in Zimbabwean universities: Perspectives from the students
Authors: Matyokurehwa Kanos , Rudhumbu Norman , Gombiro Cross , Mlambo Chiedza 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe study investigated the cybersecurity awareness (CSA) in Zimbabwean universities from the perspectives of the students. The study hypothesized a model to proffer theoretical and practical solutions to higher education students on cybersecurity training programs. The paper used a positivist approach to test three hypotheses on CSA among Zimbabwe universities. To test the hypothesized model, a total of 322 questionnaires were distributed among three universities in Zimbabwe. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to test the data. ANOVA tests and regressions were used to test three hypotheses from the hypothesized model. Chi square was used for cross‐case analysis to test relationships between age, gender, education level, and institution on recoded variable CSA. The findings reveal that the social engineering attacks, malware attacks, and the internet of things attacks are all positively related to CSA findings from cross‐case analysis indicated that there were no differences on gender and age on CSA while there were differences on education level and institution on CSA. The findings from this study have implications for decision‐makers to come up with policies concerning CSA in the higher education sector.
Food waste management: An analysis from the circular economy perspective
Authors: Sehnem Simone , Pereira Susana Carla Farias , Godoi Deborah , Pereira Luis Henrique , Junior Silvio Santos 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOur study aimed to analyze how the scientific community understands and investigates the management of food waste and communicates in top production and operations journals. The understanding of the available literature encourages relevant insights to outline new ways and strategies for reducing food waste.
Computational strategies to address the catalytic activity of nanoclusters
Authors: Nair Akhil S. , Pathak Biswarup 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMetal nanoclusters have been emerged as imperative elements of heterogenous catalysis. Remarkably different properties from the bulk at the atomic level asserts construction of unique principles for understanding nanocluster catalysis. Computational studies abided by delicate theoretical framework are versatile tools for unveiling the structural, energetic, and mechanistic aspects of nanocluster‐based catalysis. Unlike other systems, nanoclusters feature properties derived from the unique surface structure, size dependence, and dynamics insisting fine‐tuning of computational approaches for accurate prediction of catalytic properties. Finding a balance between realistic simulation and computational affordability is of pressing priority. We highlight the urgency of computational models and practices to be updated by learning from the recent developments in this field. Focus is given to less explored factors governing the catalytic potential of nanoclusters.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Computational Materials Science
Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory
Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis
A physiological characterization in controlled bioreactors reveals a novel survival strategy for Debaryomyces hansenii at high salinity
Authors: Navarrete Clara , Frost August T. , Ramos‐Moreno Laura , Krum Mette R. , Martínez José L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDebaryomyces hansenii is traditionally described as a halotolerant non‐conventional yeast and has served as a model organism for the study of osmotolerance and salt tolerance mechanisms in eukaryotic systems for the past 30 years. However, unraveling of D. hansenii's biotechnological potential has always been difficult due to the persistent limitations in the availability of efficient molecular tools described for this yeast. Additionally, there is a lack of consensus and contradictory information along the recent years that limits a comprehensive understanding of its central carbon metabolism, mainly due to a lack of physiological studies in controlled and monitored environments. Moreover, there is little consistency in the culture conditions (media composition, temperature, and pH among others) used by different groups, which makes it complicated when trying to get prevalent conclusions on behavioral patterns. In this work, we present for the first time a characterization of D. hansenii in batch cultivations using highly controlled lab‐scale bioreactors. Our findings contribute to a more complete picture of the central carbon metabolism and the external pH influence on the yeast's ability to tolerate high Na+ and K+ concentrations, pointing to a differential effect of both salts, as well as a positive effect in cell performance when low environmental pH values are combined with a high sodium concentration in the media. Finally, a novel survival strategy at very high salinity (2 M) is proposed for this yeast, as well as potential outcomes for its use in industrial biotechnology applications.Take Away

High salt concentrations stimulate respiration in Debaryomyces hansenii.
Sodium exerts a stronger positive impact on cell performance than potassium.
μmax is higher at a combination of low pH, high salt, and high temperature.
Concentrations of 2 M salt result in slower growth but increased biomass yield.
The positive effect of salts is enhanced at low glucose concentration.
Inside and Out: How Western Patriarchal Cultural Contexts Shape Women’s Relationships with Their Bodies
Authors: McBride Hillary Lianna , Kwee Janelle Lynne 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn response to the view that suggests eating disorders are a form of individual psychopathology, this chapter is written to suggest that individuals with eating disorders exist within a social context with values about appearance ideals, the construction of gender, and the threat of sexualized violence. This chapter uses the story of a woman named Annie with an Anorexia Nervosa diagnosis, and her experiences with clinical treatment which in some cases contributed to her sense of psychopathology, and in other cases help with both a decrease in her symptoms and her sense of discovery of herself as a person. Values implicit in the narrative, and implications for psychotherapy are also discussed.
Colonial Values and Asylum Care in Brazil: Reclaiming the Streets Through Carnival in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Evangelista Julia , Fulford William A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter shows how carnival has been used to counter the impact of Brazil’s colonial history on its asylums and perceptions of madness. Colonisation of Brazil by Portugal in the nineteenth century led to a process of Europeanisation that was associated with dismissal of non-European customs and values as “mad” and sequestration of the poor from the streets into asylums. Bringing together the work of the two authors, the chapter describes through a case study how a carnival project, Loucura Suburbana (Suburban Madness), in which patients in both long- and short-term asylum care play leading roles, has enabled them to “reclaim the streets,” and re-establish their right to the city as valid producers of culture on their own terms. In the process, entrenched stigmas associated with having a history of mental illness in a local community are challenged, and sense of identity and self-confidence can be rebuilt, thus contributing to long-term improvements in mental well-being. Further illustrative materials are available including photographs and video clips.
Discouragement Towards Seeking Health Care of Older People in Rural China: The Influence of Culture and Structural Constraints
Authors: Zou Xiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter portrays a discouraged, dispiriting attitude towards health-seeking of rural older people in China. Based on the case of health-seeking of Aunt Chens’s family collected from a 6-month’s field work in a rural Chinese hospital, this chapter depicts how discouragement and discrimination operate in older members’ health-seeking experiences, throughout which older people’s health care was devalued as worthless socioeconomic burden. Underpinning discouragement and devaluation is the cultural value that encourages older people to be enduring with suffering and restricted with health-seeking. Simultaneously, this chapter traces various sources of institutional and social structural impediments, as they intersect with unfavourable cultural values that normalise discouragement and decimation.
Discovering Myself, a Journey of Rediscovery
Authors: Roeg Waldo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this chapter, the author describes his own journey of recovery from a potentially lethal combination of mental health issues and drug misuse. Now working as a peer support expert in the Recovery College movement, he draws out the many factors involved in his own recovery and how these inform his current role. Key to these are the values of ‘hope, control and opportunity’ by which the culture of the recovery movement is characterized. It is through these that as Waldo concludes, they ‘challenge stigma and genuinely recognize the strengths and contribution that everyone can make’.
Reflections on the Impact of Mental Health Ward Staff Training in Race Equality and Values-Based Practice
Authors: Woodbridge-Dodd Kim , Hunkins-Hutchinson Evette A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this chapter, the authors reflect on a project they ran a few years ago that combined race equality with values-based practice training for the staff on a high-achieving mental health ward. One author (KWD, who is white) organised the project in her role as operational manager. She also ran the values-based practice part of the training drawing on her considerable experience in this area. The other author (EH, who is black) carried out an independent evaluation of the project drawing on her experience with both values-based practice and race equality in mental health. Notable is the extent of the differences between them in their pre-project expectations and in their initial understandings of the experiences of the participants. In resolving these differences, they come to a number of shared conclusions about how future projects of this kind might be run.
Premorbid Personality and Expatriation as Possible Risk Factors for Brief Psychotic Disorder: A Case Report from Post-Soviet Bulgaria
Authors: Popov S. P. , Mantarkov M. Y. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe present the case of a 29-year-old single Bulgarian woman, Alice, who lived and worked alone in Germany at the time she presented with signs of acute psychosis, more specifically work-related paranoid ideation. She was diagnosed with Brief Psychotic Disorder and treated successfully with Perphenazine. A return to her home town in Bulgaria with concurrent discontinuation of antipsychotic treatment brought about a change in delusional content. She was now excessively preoccupied with religious themes, ancient rituals, and local traditions, and responded well to treatment with Olanzapine. Alice reluctantly returned to Germany but every time she started a new job she experienced depressive and paranoid exacerbations in spite of strict medication adherence. In the last 3 years, she has lived in Bulgaria and has been medication and episode free. We discuss the complex interaction between the experiences of expatriation, premorbid personality, and cultural values (of the patient and her family) in the etiology, course and outcome of brief psychotic disorder. We raise the possibility that contemporary Bulgarian cultural values (as described in a recent comparative international study) were important in Alice’s recovery and, as such, may have wider significance as protective factors for those at risk of mental disorder.
DGLA Dg and BV formalism
Authors: Mikhailov Andrei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Differrential Graded Lie Algebra Dg was previously introduced in the context of current algebras. We show that under some conditions, the problem of constructing equivariantly closed form from closed invariant form is reduces to construction of a representation of Dg. This includes equivariant BV formalism. In particular, an analogue of intertwiner between Weil and Cartan models allows to clarify the general relation between integrated and unintegrated operators in string worldsheet theory.