bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equality And Poverty: Views From Public Services' Multi-Professional Team And Household Heads In The Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area, Brazil
Authors: FRANÇA VIVIANE HELENA , Modena Celina Maria , Confalonieri Ulisses Eugenio Cavalcanti 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Tackling poverty requires reconsideration of quantitative factors related to "who" is poor and by "how much” and qualitative factors addressing "what poverty means in these individuals’ lives". Greater understanding is required concerning the types of access actually used by families in poverty in attempts to meet their basic needs. Poverty must be addressed based on the question: “Inequality of what?” It is in reflecting on the realities of such groups when their basic needs are not met that public policies can be improved and implemented with legitimate priorities. Objective: Describe coverage and access to public health, education and social assistance services and the related effects on the quality of life of families in extreme poverty. Methods: An exploratory mixed methods study was performed applying Amartya Sen's “basic capability equality” framework, with: I) 27 interviews with managers and professionals from public services serving territories with extreme poverty; II) Survey with a systematic proportionate stratified sample of 336 heads of households in extreme poverty, from a total 2,605 families. The resulting data was analyzed with thematic content analysis and descriptive statistics, respectively. Results: The managers and professionals described the lives of families in extreme poverty with phrases such as, “ These people suffer. Sadness weighs on their lives! ” and “ Depression is the most common illness ”. Their precarious circumstances and inadequate access were cited as causes. Quality of life was considered bad or very bad by 41.4% of heads of households. A total income of less than 1/3 of the minimum wage was received by 56.9%. One or more people were unemployed in the family in 55.8% of cases. For 53.3%, public services “ did not meet any or few of their needs”. The main social determinants of health were described as: Alcohol and drugs 68.8%; Lack of good health care 60.7%; Absence of income/work 37.5%. The following were identified as solutions to improve their quality of life: 1 - Health 40.5%; 2 - Education 37.8%; 3 - Employment 44.6%. Conclusions: The social determinants of poverty and health must be addressed jointly through intersectoral public policies and egalitarian mechanisms that promote investment in social protection.
Association Between Anaemia And Low Birth Weight Among HIV -Infected Pregnant Women Aged 15 – 49 Years In Zimbabwe : A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chisare Dorothy T , Takuva Simbarashe , Basera Tariro J. , Khamisa Natasha , Witthuhn Jacqueline 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background In Zimbabwe, almost 25% of infants are born with low birth weight (LBW). LBW accounts for over half of the neonatal deaths in the country. Anaemia during pregnancy has been inconsistently associated with an increased risk of LBW. However, very little data is available from countries where HIV prevalence is high, wherein HIV is also known to be a common risk factor to LBW. This study examined the relationship between maternal anaemia and LBW among HIV-infected pregnant women in Zimbabwe. Methods This was a secondary data analysis of the 2015 Zimbabwe Demography and Health Survey. Data for 809 HIV positive women aged 15-49 years and their infants from all live births preceding the survey by 5 years were included in the study. Modified-Poisson regression methods were used to determine the association between anaemia and LBW while adjusting for other risk factors. Results The prevalence of maternal anaemia and LBW among the HIV-infected pregnant women was 42.3% (n=342) and 16.3% (n =132) respectively. The prevalence of LBW was14.6% (n=50) and 17.6% (n=82) among anaemic and non-anaemic HIV positive women respectively (p=0.264). HIV infected pregnant women with anaemia had a 25% less chance of giving birth to infants with LBW compared to HIV infected mothers without anaemia, however, the association was not statistically significant (RR 0.75; 95% CI 0.53- 1.05). Conclusions The findings demonstrate a high prevalence of anaemia and LBW among HIV infected pregnant women. Nonetheless, maternal anaemia was not associated with LBW. There is a need for adapted monitoring of HIV-positive pregnant women and affordable improved nutrition during antenatal care to reduce the risk of LBW infants and maternal anaemia levels. Further research examining the relationship between maternal anaemia and LBW among HIV positive pregnant women whilst factoring in the role of ART and the severity of anaemia is required.
Whether to Fused PET/CT or CECT in Post-Therapeutic Colorectal Cancer Assessments: A Study of the Efficacy of the Modality of Choice among Egyptian Patients
Authors: Baz Ahmed , Hassan Talaat Ahmed 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
One of the most common cancers, colorectal cancer accounts for several tumor-related mortalities; its high recurrence rates either as a local recurrence of the disease or as a distant metastatic disease (up to 35-40%) have been reported in the treated patients within the first two years following surgery. There has been heated debate over the modality of choice for imaging the primary colorectal cancer.This study investigates the diagnostic performance of fused Positron Emission Tomography/ Computed Tomography (PET/CT) in comparison to Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography(CECT) as a follow-up and restaging imaging tool for post-therapeutic colorectal cancers. Data were collected from 84 Egyptian patients (26 females and 58 males, age ranges from 35 to 80) who were treated from colorectal cancers. They were referred to a private imaging center for evaluation of their disease recurrence by fused PET/CT.Disease recurrence was categorized as operative bed recurrence/residual (incomplete therapeutic response), nodal, and distal metastases.With reference to histopathology reports, the fused PET\CT had sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and an overall accuracy of 93.33%, 83.33%, 93.33%, 83.33% & 90.48% respectively as compared to CECT(73.33%, 58.33%, 81.48%, 46.67%, 69. 05% respectively).Our findings indicate that fused PET\CT may be more effective than the CECT regarding the detection of operative bed recurrent disease and incomplete therapeutic responses. PET\CT may also offer a cost-effective whole-body scan for restaging the recurrent diseases through an accurate detection of the nodal and distant metastases.
The effect of dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Khoshbakht Yadollah , Moghtaderi Fatemeh , Bidaki Reza , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh , Salehi-Abargouei Amin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet has several components that might improve attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. This randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) aimed to investigate the effect of the DASH diet on ADHD symptoms in children, for the first time.Methods Children (aged 6-12 years) with ADHD were randomized to receive a DASH or a control diet for 12 weeks. The severity of ADHD symptoms [determined by abbreviated 10-item Conner’s scale (ACS), 18-item Swanson, Nolan and Pelham (SNAP-IV) scale and strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ)], as well as dietary intakes, physical activity, and anthropometric measurements, were assessed every four weeks. The symptom scores provided by teachers, parents, and children were compared between the two groups, in multivariable-adjusted models.Results A total of 80 children completed the study. After adjustment for age, sex, energy intake, and baseline values significant group effects were observed for parent-reported ACS score, children-reported emotional symptoms and peer relationship problems, and parent-reported scores of prosocial behaviors based on the SDQ scale (Pgroup<0.05). Significant group*time effects were indicated in teacher-reported ACS score, teacher-reported Hyperactivity and impulsivity, and parent-reported combined score based on SNAP-IV, and teacher/child-reported scores for hyperactivity, parent and teacher-reported scores of emotional symptoms, peer relationship problems, and prosocial behavior, and also teacher/parent/child-reported total SDQ score (Pgroup*time<0.05). The adjusted mean in teacher/parent-reported ACS scores, teacher/parent/child-reported hyperactivity, and total SDQ scores, teacher-reported emotional symptoms, conduct problems, peer relationship problems, and prosocial behaviors assessed by the SDQ were significantly improved in the DASH compared to the control group (P<0.05).Conclusions Adherence to the DASH diet might beneficially improve ADHD symptoms. Further RCTs with more follow-up period which include participants from both sexes are needed to confirm these results.Trial registration: The trial was registered in the Iranian registry of clinical trials (registration code: IRCT20130223012571N6).
Comparative cardiovascular safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists versus other glucose-lowering agents in real-world patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Authors: Yang Chun-Ting , Yang Chen-Yi , Ou Huang-Tz , Kuo Shihchen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : Current evidence about the cardiovascular safety of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1ra) possesses limited generalizability to real-world patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in usual practice. This study aimed to investigate the comparative cardiovascular safety of GLP-1ra in head-to-head comparisons with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i), sulfonylurea (SU), and insulin in a real-world population with T2D. Methods : Adults with newly-diagnosed T2D were identified from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database in 2003-2014. A prevalent new-user cohort design was adopted to include a broad representation of real-world T2D patients being treated with GLP-1ra. The between-group comparability of baseline patient characteristics was achieved by matching on (1) initiation time of study drugs, (2) prior exposure to glucose-lowering agents, and (3) diabetes severity and complications, comorbidities, and concomitant cardiovascular medications using propensity scores. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and assessed up to the end of 2015. Cox modeling was employed to assess the association between study drugs and outcomes. Results : A total of 3,195 GLP-1ra stable users was identified in 2011-2014. 1,893, 1,829, and 1,367 GLP-1ra stable users were 1:1 matched to DPP-4i, SU and insulin users, respectively. Compared to DPP-4i, SU and insulin, the use of GLP-1ra was associated with a lower risk of composite CVD events (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.73 [0.57-0.96], 0.76 [0.57-1.00], and 0.81 [0.62-1.07], respectively). Subgroup analyses revealed that GLP-1ra versus DPP-4i yielded a greater cardiovascular benefit in those without established CVD versus those with established CVD. Conclusions : This head-to-head comparison study extends the supporting evidence for the cardiovascular safety of GLP-1ra to a broad spectrum of real-world T2D patients using GLP-1ra.
Construction of 2D/0D/2D face-to-face contact g-C3N4@Au@Bi4Ti3O12 heterojunction photocatalysts for promising dye degradation
Authors: Gao Huajing , Zhao Xinxin , Wang Chunni , Zhang Haimin , Chen Jiafu , Wang Shifa , Yang Hua 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Herein a new type of 2D/0D/2D face-to-face contact g-C 3 N 4 @Au@Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 heterojunction photocatalysts have been developed. The ternary composite photocatalysts are constructed by coupling Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 nanosheets with g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets face-to-face and sandwiching Au nanoparticles between Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 and g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets. The as-prepared g-C 3 N 4 @Au@Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 composite photocatalysts were systematically investigated by various characterization techniques including XRD, UV–vis DRS, FTIR, SEM, TEM and XPS. The degradation experiments were carried out by removing rhodamine B (RhB) from water under simulated sunlight. It is found that the g-C 3 N 4 @Au@Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 composite photocatalysts exhibit much enhanced photodegradation performance when compared with bare Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 and g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets, and moreover they exhibit excellent photocatalytic stability in recycling dye degradation. The underlying photodegradation mechanism of the g-C 3 N 4 @Au@Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 composite photocatalysts was systematically investigated and discussed.
In-situ formed and low-temperature deposited Nb: TiO2 compact-mesoporous layer for hysteresis-less perovskite solar cells with high performance
Authors: Yu Miao , Sun Haoxuan , Huang Xiaona , Yan Yichao , Zhang Wanli 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Recently, reported perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high power conversion efficiency (PCE) are mostly based on mesoporous structures containing mesoporous titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) which is the main factor to reduce the overall hysteresis. However, existing fabrication approaches for mesoporous TiO 2 generally require a high temperature (>450 °C) annealing process. Moreover, there is still plenty of scope for improvement in terms of increasing the electron conductivity and reducing the carrier recombination. Herein, a facile one-step, in situ and low-temperature method was developed to prepare an Nb:TiO 2 compact-mesoporous layer to serve as both a scaffold and an electron transport layer (ETL) in PSCs. The Nb:TiO 2 compact-mesoporous layer based PSCs exhibit suppressed hysteresis, which is attributed to the synergistic effect of the large interface surface area caused by nano-pin morphology on the surface and the improved carrier transportation caused by the presence of Nb. Such a high-quality compact-mesoporous layer allows the PSC achieve a remarkable PCE of 19.74%. This work promises an effective approach for creating hysteresis-less and high-efficiency PSCs based on compact-mesoporous structures with lower energy consumption and cost.
Common risk factors of deep vein thrombosis after arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a 5-year retrospective study
Authors: Xiaoyu Dai , Wenge Ding , Huan Li , Xu Peng , Kejie Wang , Yiwen Zhao , Naidong Zhang , Huang Zhihui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background To analyse the common risk factors of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after knee arthroscopic posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction in patients with PCL injury. Methods From August 2014 to December 2019, a total of 86 patients who had accepted knee arthroscopic PCL reconstruction underwent the color Doppler ultrasound of bilateral lower-extremities deep veins on 3 days postoperatively. Based on the inspection results, patients were divided into DVT group (9 males and 4 females, mean age 43.62 years) and non-DVT group (54 males and 19 females, mean age 33.96 years). The potential associations of DVT risk and age, gender, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, smoking and other factors were analysed. Results High BMI and post-surgery D-dimer values were significantly associated with DVT risk. Conclusions Increased BMI and postoperative D-dimer levels are risk factors of DVT following knee arthroscopic PCL reconstruction in patients with PCL injury.
Alterations in esophageal microRNAs expression in primary esophageal achalasia by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Gholipour Mahin , Mikaeli Javad , Mowla Seyed Javad , Bakhtiarizadeh Mohammad Reza , Jazi Marie Saghaeian , Javid Naeme , Fazlollahi Narges , Khoshnia Masoud , Behnampour Naser , Moradi Abdolvahab 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The molecular knowledge of primary esophageal achalasia is essential for the early diagnosis and treatment of this neurodegenerative motility disorder. So it is substantial to find the main microRNAs (miRNAs), which are related to mechanisms of achalasia. Methods This study aimed to determine some patterns of deregulated miRNAs in achalasia. This case-control study was performed on 52 achalasia patients and 50 non-achalasia controls. The miRNA expression profiling was conducted on esophageal tissue samples from achalasia and non-achalasia patients, via next-generation sequencing (NGS). Differential expression of miRNAs was analyzed by edgeR software. The selected dysregulated miRNAs were additionally confirmed using RT-qPCR. Potential target genes of the down-regulated and up-regulated miRNAs were also predicted to understand the putative role of the miRNAs in achalasia. Results We identified 15 miRNAs that were significantly altered in the achalasia tissues compared to controls. Among these miRNAs, three; miR-133a-5p, miR-143-3p and miR-6507-5p were up-regulated. Also we found six miRNAs; miR-215-5p, miR-216a-5p, miR-216b-5p, miR-217, miR-7641 and miR-194-5p were down-regulated significantly. The predicted targets for the dysregulated miRNAs showed significant disease-associated pathways like neuron cell apoptosis, neuromuscular balance, neuron growth factor signaling and immune response regulation. Gene expression analysis confirmed significant downregulation of hsa-miR-217 (p-value =0.004) in LES of achalasia patients with significant enrichment in myelination process ontology. This study provides the first integrated miRNA expression profile using NGS in achalasia. Our findings introduced 15 candidate microRNAs as achalasia associated non-coding RNAs genes showing confirmed downregulation of the hsa-miR-217 in Achalasia disease. Conclusions Our results may serve as a basis for more future functional studies to discover the role of candidate miRNAs in the etiology of achalasia and their application in diagnosis and probably treatment.
A Comparison of Demographic, Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Hospital Influenza-related Viral Pneumonia Patients
Authors: Fu Bin , Wu Zhengjie , Huang Lingtong , Chai Zhaohui , Zheng Peidong , Sun Qinmiao , Feng Haiting , Tang Lingling 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The comparison of the demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of hospital human influenza (influenza A (H1N1) pdm09, H3N2, and B) -related and hospitalized avian-origin influenza A (H7N9)-related viral pneumonia patients has not been reported. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients. Results The average age of hospitalized human influenza A -related viral pneumonia patients was lower than B pneumonia patients(p<0.05), human influenza A -related patients in the 35–49-year-old group were more than those with B pneumonia patients (p<0.05), and relatively less in the ≥65-year-old group than B pneumonia patients (p=0.079). The proportion of patients who have at least one comorbid condition to human influenza A pneumonia was lower than B and H7N9 pneumonia (p<0.05). The proportion of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), lymphocytopenia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, and d-dimer to hospitalized human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was higher than B pneumonia patients (p<0.05), but lower than H7N9 pneumonia patients (p<0.05). Conclusions Hospital influenza B-related viral pneumonia mainly affects the elderly and people with underlying diseases, while human influenza A pneumonia mainly affects the young adults; however, the mortality was similar. The proportion of severe cases to hospital human influenza A-related viral pneumonia patients was higher than those of B pneumonia patients but lower than H7N9 pneumonia patients. Pulmonary consolidation and positive bacterial culture (sputum) were independently associated with IMV, while shock, white blood cell count >10,000/mm 3 , and positive bacterial culture (blood or sputum) were independently associated with death to three types hospitalized influenza-related viral pneumonia patients.
Effectiveness of a Pathway-driven eHealth-based Integrated Care Model (PEICM) for community-based hypertension management in China: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Zheyu , Li Chengling , Huang Wencai , Chen Yan , Li Yuqiong , Huang Libin , Zhang Mei , Wu Dan , Wang Li , Duan Huilong , An Jiye , Deng Ning 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of hypertension is high and increasing in China in recent years. The treatment and control of hypertension calls for long-term management beyond hospital, which is hard to implement in traditional care settings. Integrated care combined with information technology can promote high-quality healthcare services across the life-course. However, few studies have applied a customized integrated care model in community-based hypertension management in China, catering to the emerging "three-manager" mode. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of a pathway-driven eHealth-based integrated model that implemented as a full-featured telehealth system to facilitate standardized management of hypertension in China.Methods: The trial has been designed as a one-year, non-blinded superiority trial with two parallel groups. A total of 402 hypertensive patients who meet the eligibility criteria will be recruited and randomized with a 1:1 allocation. All the participants will receive a mobile device for self-management, which is a part of our telehealth system. Participants in the control group will only use the device for BP measurement and receive regular follow-ups from care providers according to the guidelines. Participants in the intervention group will gain full access to the system and receive intervention based on the proposed model (a well-designed coordinated care pathway consisting of 9 tasks). Outcomes will be measured mainly on three occasions (at inclusion, at 6 months and at 12 months). The primary outcome is mean change in systolic blood pressure over a 12-month period. Secondary outcomes include changes in diastolic blood pressure, biochemical indexes related to hypertension, lifestyles, self-management adherence and hypertension awareness, as well as work efficiency of care providers.Discussion: This study aims to determine whether a pathway-driven eHealth-based integrated care model based on the "three-manager" mode will improve hypertension control in China. Success of the model would help improve the quality of present community-based management procedures and benefit more patients with uncontrolled hypertension.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900027645, registered on November 22, 2019.