bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perdura o eurocentrismo no ensino de história?
Authors: Viana Cibele Aparecida 
Published: July 2020

O ensino de História no Brasil portou, durante várias décadas, aspectos marcadamente eurocêntricos, sendo pautado, sobretudo, pelas premissas francesas da História da Civilização. A despeito dos avanços trazidos com a reformulação curricular dos anos 1980 e 1990, essa visão ainda perdurou subjacente a variadas práticas e produções do sistema de ensino e da própria percepção de mundo da sociedade brasileira. Neste artigo, problematizamos como a pauta afirmativa das representações afrodescendentes, oficialmente incorporadas ao ensino básico após a aprovação da Lei 10.639/2003, tem contribuído para o questionamento da ótica eurocêntrica nos estudos de História. De forma concomitante, defende-se o postulado de que a abordagem intercultural no ensino de História pode constituir-se como uma alternativa epistêmica, pedagógica e política ao eurocentrismo.
Política das diferenças no ensino superior: questões étnico-raciais na educação universitária brasileira
Authors: Delcorso Isabella 
Published: July 2020

Resenha do livro: SILVA, Maurício. Política das diferenças no ensino superior: questões étnico-raciais na educação universitária brasileira. São Paulo: BT acadêmica, 2019. 128 páginas.
„Atsimenu“: afrikata ar sprogstamojo ir pučiamojo priebalsio samplaika?
Authors: Kazlauskienė Asta 
Published: July 2020

Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti, ar lietuvių kalboje priebalsių samplaikos [t]+[s]/[tj]+[sj], vartojamos morfemų ir žodžių sandūroje, tariamos kaip afrikatos [t͡s]/[t͡sj] ar išsaugo priebalsių savarankiškumą. Sakinius su afrikatomis ir samplaikomis po tris kartus skirtingu tempu (įprastu ir greitai) perskaitė 10 informantų (5 vyrai ir 5 moterys, turintys aukštąjį išsilavinimą, amžius nuo 24 iki 55). Matuota ir lyginta afrikatų ir samplaikų trukmė, gretinti jų struktūriniai modeliai.
Afrikatų ir samplaikų bendra trukmė labai panaši. Įprastu tempu skaitant samplaikų frikacija šiek tiek (1,1 karto) ilgesnė nei afrikatų, greitai skaitant jų trukmė vienoda. Uždaruma atvirkščiai: greitai skaitant šiek tiek ilgesnė afrikatų (1,2 karto), įprastu tempu skaitant – trukmė vėlgi labai panaši.
Afrikatos ir samplaikos gali būti trijų struktūrinių modelių: a) uždaruma ir frikacija (62 proc. tirtų samplaikų ir 56 proc. afrikatų), b) ištisa arba intensyvėjanti frikacija (17 proc. samplaikų ir 26 proc. afrikatų), c) uždaruma, silpnas sprogimas ir frikacija (21 proc. samplaikų ir 18 proc. afrikatų).
Tyrimo rezultatai leidžia daryti išvadą, kad samplaikos [t]+[s]/[tj]+[sj] morfemų ir klitiko ir savarankiško žodžio sandūroje tariamos kaip afrikata, todėl atitinkamai ir žymėtinos transkribuojant tekstus.
Erect bifoliate species of Microporella (Bryozoa, Cheilostomata), fossil and modern
Authors: Di Martino Emanuela , Taylor Paul D. , Gordon Dennis P. 
Published: July 2020

Microporella Hincks, 1877 is one of the most diverse genera of cheilostome bryozoans, containing more than 150 named species. Distributed globally since the early Miocene, the majority of species of Microporella have sheet-like colonies encrusting hard and / or ephemeral substrates, while a limited number of species have erect bifoliate colonies starting from an encrusting base. Herein, the four nominal species of erect bifoliate Microporella (M. bifoliata, M. hastigera, M. hyadesi and M. ordo) are revised, and one new Pliocene (M. tanyae sp. nov.) and three new Recent species (M. ordoides sp. nov., M. lingulata sp. nov. and M. modesta sp. nov.) are formally described. Furthermore, the lectotype and paralectotypes were designated for M. bifoliata and M. hastigera. An additional Recent species, Microporella sp. 1, is also described and illustrated but left in open nomenclature owing to the absence of ovicells in the single available fragment. Although the molecular phylogeny of Microporella has yet to be resolved, the diversity of character states present among the erect bifoliate species described here suggests that this colony growth-form is not monophyletic but has evolved on multiple occasions.
A dosimetry study of post‐mastectomy radiation therapy with AeroForm tissue expander
Authors: Lim Seng Boh , Kuo Li Cheng , Li Guang , Kuo Hsiang‐Chi , McCormick Beryl , Cahlon Oren , Powell Simon , Hong Linda X. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the dosimetric effects of the AeroFormTM (AirXanpders®, Palo Alto, CA) tissue expander in‐situ for breast cancer patients receiving post‐mastectomy radiation therapy.Methods and MaterialsA film phantom (P1) was constructed by placing the metallic canister of the AeroForm on a solid water phantom with EBT3 films at five depths ranging from 2.6 mm to 66.2 mm. A breast phantom (P2), a three‐dimensional printed tissue‐equivalent breast with fully expanded AeroForm in‐situ, was placed on a thorax phantom. A total of 21 optical luminescent dosimeters (OLSDs) were placed on the anterior skin–gas interface and the posterior chest wall–metal interface of the AeroForm. Both phantoms were imaged with a 16‐bit computed tomography scanner with orthopedic metal artifact reduction. P1 was irradiated with an open field utilizing 6 MV and 15 MV photon beams at 0°, 90°, and 270°. P2 was irradiated using a volumetric modulated arc therapy plan with a 6 MV photon beam and a tangential plan with a 15 MV photon beam. All doses were calculated using Eclipse (Varian, Palo Alto, CA) with AAA and AcurosXB (AXB) algorithms.ResultsThe average dose differences between film measurements and AXB in the region adjacent to the canister in P1 were within 3.1% for 15 MV and 0.9% for 6 MV. Local dose differences over 10% were also observed. In the chest wall region of P2, the median dose of OLSDs in percentage of prescription dose were 108.4% (range 95.4%–113.0%) for the 15MV tangential plan and 110.4% (range 99.1%–113.8%) for the 6MV volumetric modulated arc therapy plan. In the skin–gas interface, the median dose of the OLSDs were 102.3% (range 92.7%–107.7%) for the 15 MV plan and 108.2% (range 97.8–113.5%) for the 6 MV plan. Measured doses were, in general, higher than calculated doses with AXB calculations. The AAA dose algorithms produced results with slightly larger discrepancies between measurements compared with AXB.ConclusionsThe AeroForm creates significant dose uncertainties in the chest wall–metal interface. The AcurosXB dose calculation algorithm is recommended for more accurate calculations. If possible, post‐mastectomy radiation therapy should be delivered after the permanent implant is in place.
Mapping Eco‐social Assets
Authors: Hatleskog Eli 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCartography is a very powerful tool. Maps can reveal hidden potential, redefine the hierarchy of knowledge, and provoke social change. Guest‐ Editor Eli Hatleskog describes how at Reading University, the Department of Architecture's Mapping Eco Social Assets (MESA) strategies have provoked ideas for improvements to the city, but have also stressed the importance of focal buildings such as schools and places of worship that generate community cohesion.
Greenkeeper: Establishing the Full Value of Green
Authors: Montgomery Jenni 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe know that exposure to green space can make us happier, but how do we qualify its benefits? Jenni Montgomery, business development director at planning and design consultancy Barton Willmore, explains the practice's co‐creation of Greenkeeper, a data‐driven software tool that makes visual the use and specific societal advantages of existing green space, but also can be used projectively to posit new green spaces in urban areas.
Walk With Us: The Architecture of Reconciliation
Authors: Hinds Mat 
Published: July 2020

AbstractKrakani lumi is a small ecotourism development on a site of deep cultural importance to the Aboriginal people of Tasmania. It is a vehicle for land return, conceived as a place of restful calm to contemplate the landscape and partake in its rituals. Architect Mat Hinds describes its architectural constitution and spatial significance as a place of reconciliation for both Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal communities alike.
An Iron‐Decorated Carbon Aerogel for Rechargeable Flow and Flexible Zn–Air Batteries
Authors: Wu Kunze , Zhang Lei , Yuan Yifei , Zhong Linxin , Chen Zhongxin , Chi Xiao , Lu Hao , Chen Zehong , Zou Ren , Li Tingzhen , Jiang Chengyu , Chen Yongkang , Peng Xinwen , Lu Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMechanically stable and foldable air cathodes with exceptional oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activities are key components of wearable metal–air batteries. Herein, a directional freeze‐casting and annealing approach is reported for the construction of a 3D honeycomb nanostructured, N,P‐doped carbon aerogel incorporating in situ grown FeP/Fe2O3 nanoparticles as the cathode in a flexible Zn–air battery (ZAB). The aqueous rechargeable Zn–air batteries assembled with this carbon aerogel exhibit a remarkable specific capacity of 648 mAh g−1 at a current density of 20 mA cm−2 with a good long‐term durability, outperforming those assembled with commercial Pt/C+RuO2 catalyst. Furthermore, such a foldable carbon aerogel with directional channels can serve as a freestanding air cathode for flexible solid‐state Zn–air batteries without the use of carbon paper/cloth and additives, giving a specific capacity of 676 mAh g−1 and an energy density of 517 Wh kg−1 at 5 mA cm−2 together with good cycling stability. This work offers a new strategy to design and synthesize highly effective bifunctional air cathodes to be applied in electrochemical energy devices.
In Operando GISAXS and GIWAXS Stability Study of Organic Solar Cells Based on PffBT4T‐2OD:PC71BM with and without Solvent Additive
Authors: Yang Dan , Löhrer Franziska C. , Körstgens Volker , Schreiber Armin , Cao Bing , Bernstorff Sigrid , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSolvent additives are known to modify the morphology of bulk heterojunction active layers to achieve high efficiency organic solar cells. However, the knowledge about the influence of solvent additives on the morphology degradation is limited. Hence, in operando grazing‐incidence small and wide angle X‐ray scattering (GISAXS and GIWAXS) measurements are applied on a series of PffBT4T‐2OD:PC71BM‐based solar cells prepared without and with solvent additives. The solar cells fabricated without a solvent additive, with 1,8‐diiodoctane (DIO), and with o‐chlorobenzaldehyde (CBA) additive show differences in the device degradation and changes in the morphology and crystallinity of the active layers. The mesoscale morphology changes are correlated with the decay of the short‐circuit current Jsc and the evolution of crystalline grain sizes is codependent with the decay of open‐circuit voltage Voc. Without additive, the loss in Jsc dominates the degradation, whereas with solvent additive (DIO and CBA) the loss in Voc rules the degradation. CBA addition increases the overall device stability as compared to DIO or absence of additive.
Scholarship for Social Change: Reflections of an Accidental Academic
Authors: Bond Meg A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this article, I describe how I stumbled my way into an academic career doing research to promote social change toward greater equity and inclusion. I reflect on how my path has been informed by my own experiences with harassment, marginalization, and privilege. These reflections build upon the belief that we are all informed by our histories, vantage points, and social locations and that those forces shape the questions we ask, the way we ask them, how and where we look for evidence, and what we do with the results once we get them. My diverse, urban high school experience combined with my circuitous educational path did not portend great potential to become an academic. I describe experiences that expanded my awareness and opened up opportunities to grow and expand upon my role as an activist scholar. Through examples from my own work, I explore three possible functions of research that can contribute to social change: (a) NAMING, which leads to awareness, recognition, and engagement; (b) FRAMING, which expands our view beyond the moment and specific instances and leads to the identification and disruption of constraining contextual circumstances and assumptions; and (c) CATALYZING action, which builds momentum and promotes capacity for action.
A prognostic model for overall survival in sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease
Authors: Llorens Franc , Rübsamen Nicole , Hermann Peter , Schmitz Matthias , Villar‐Piqué Anna , Goebel Stefan , Karch André , Zerr Inga 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionWe developed a prognostic model for overall survival after diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (sCJD) using data from a German surveillance study.MethodsWe included 1226 sCJD cases (median age 66 years, range 19–89 years; 56.8% women with information on age, sex, codon 129 genotype, 14‐3‐3 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and CSF tau concentrations. The prognostic accuracy for overall survival was measured by the c statistics of multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. A score chart was derived to predict 6‐month survival and median survival time.ResultsA model containing age, sex, codon 129 genotype, and CSF tau (with two‐way interactions) was selected as the model with the highest c statistic (0.686, 95% confidence interval: 0.665–0.707) in a cross‐validation approach.DiscussionWe developed the first prognostic model for overall survival of sCJD patients based on readily available information only. The developed score chart serves as a hands‐on prediction tool for clinical practice.
Gelatin micro‐ and nanocapsules obtained via sonochemical method
Authors: Yankova Iveta , Shestakova Pavletta , Reis Rui L. , Pashkuleva Iva , Vassileva Elena 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGelatin capsules (GCs) with mean size between 200 and 400 nm are prepared via sonochemical method. Their size is low that the usual size for the sonochemically obtained protein capsules and depends on the preparation conditions. The nanometer size of GCs is explained by the low‐gelatin concentration and by the denaturated state of gelatin. The influence of pH, sonication time, and temperature on GCs size is investigated. An increase in temperature and sonication time results into GCs size increase. The pH dependence of GCs size passes through a minimum at the isoelectric point of gelatin. The broad size distribution detected by dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy is explained by the broad molecular weight distribution of gelatin. GCs are successfully applied for encapsulation of two hydrophobic drugs, α‐tocopherol and acetylsalicylic acid, in order to demonstrate the versatility of the sonochemical method for drug encapsulation. In the case of α‐tocopherol drug entrapment efficiency as high as 95% is obtained.
2020 State of the Water Industry: A Glass Half Full
Authors: Flancher Dawn , Chaballa Kathleen 
Published: July 2020

Key TakeawaysWith 3,351 responses, the 2020 State of the Water Industry survey had the largest participation in the survey's history.Respondents answered similarly to the previous year's survey but expressed a little more optimism about the present and future state of the sector.The survey was conducted before the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, and it is uncertain whether perceptions of the water industry will change or be reinforced.
Contextual Engineering Leverages Local Knowledge to Guide Water System Design
Authors: Witmer Ann‐Perry 
Published: July 2020

Key TakeawaysThe sustainability and durability of drinking water systems is as dependent on an understanding of place and people as it is on technical design.The “why” of drinking water system operation (context) must precede the “what” and “how” (content) in design.The expertise of drinking water professionals is only as effective as the awareness they bring to the design of the end‐user experience.
Benchmarking Water and Wastewater Construction Projects Delivered by Design–Bid–Build
Authors: Andary Elie G. 
Published: July 2020

Key TakeawaysPerformance metrics based on project performance measurement frameworks can be applied to assess design–bid–build (DBB) projects in the water and wastewater sectors.Benchmarking DBB projects using a performance index helps managers and stakeholders establish guidelines for achieving successful capital project delivery.Measuring key performance indicators in specific performance categories forms the basis for quantifying success in water and wastewater industry project delivery.
One of the troubles with outcome measures: Lost in translation
Authors: Proctor Gillian , Cahill Jane 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper presents the concerns of a client diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder about completing outcome measures. He was asked to complete CORE‐10 each time he attended a therapy session with the first author. This paper takes an epistemological position of co‐production, and written in response to the client's concerns, but this is limited by the client's wish and capacity to be involved in the writing up of this article. Implications of his experiences are drawn out for both clients with this diagnosis and more generally for all clients. Recommendations are made to recognise the limitations of measures and how to use outcome measures with more validity.
Preparation and characterization of colorful graphene oxide papers and flexible N‐doping graphene papers for supercapacitor and capacitive deionization
Authors: Zhang Hao , Li Aiyang , Yuan Ying , Wei Yuquan , Zheng Di , Geng Zhuning , Zhang Haichuan , Li Guanghe , Zhang Fang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn efficient method that utilizes simple techniques, easy operation, and low‐cost production to create flexible graphene‐based materials is a worthy practical challenge. A rapid strategy for preparing flexible, functional graphene oxide (GO) is introduced using GO‐ethanol dispersion filtration. The filtration process is highly efficient and drying time is significantly reduced by employing ethanol as solvent, due to the fact that ethanol is a volatile liquid. Freestanding GO papers can be harvested with ultralarge size (700 cm2), color variety, and writable characteristics. After reduction, N‐doped graphene (NDG) papers still maintain good foldability with improved electric conductivity and porous structure. When used as an electrode for a supercapacitor, the flexible NDG paper device demonstrates good electrochemical performance even with size expansion and extreme double folding. Moreover, this NDG paper capacitor device shows a good electrosorption performance for capacitive deionization of sulfate and chromate in groundwater system. These flexible GO and NDG papers promise potential to facilitate the production of graphene‐based materials for practical applications in energy and environmental related fields.
Carbon‐based cathode materials for rechargeable zinc‐air batteries: From current collectors to bifunctional integrated air electrodes
Authors: Wu Jingkun , Liu Bin , Fan Xiayue , Ding Jia , Han Xiaopeng , Deng Yida , Hu Wenbin , Zhong Cheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRechargeable zinc‐air batteries (ZABs) have attracted much attention as the next‐generation energy conversion and storage devices due to the abundance and environmental friendliness of zinc (Zn) for anode materials, as well as the safety and low cost of aqueous electrolytes. However, rational design of nonprecious and low‐cost integrated air cathode materials with a desirable bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic performance remains a great challenge for the commercialization of rechargeable ZABs. In previous research studies, various cost‐effective carbon‐supported electrocatalysts and light‐weight carbon‐based current collectors for air cathodes have been developed, showing vast potential in the application of carbon‐based materials. To improve the bifunctional performance and integration of air cathodes, efforts with respect to the design of morphology, defects, and synergistic effects of carbon‐based materials have been made. In this perspective, the general understanding of the air cathode construction and the battery working mechanism is discussed. The recent progress in the design of carbon‐based materials for air cathodes in rechargeable ZABs is summarized. Several possible future research directions and the expected development trends are also discussed, aiming to facilitate the commercialization of advanced rechargeable ZABs in our life.
Conservative non‐surgical management in medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A retrospective study
Authors: Albanese Massimo , Zotti Francesca , Capocasale Giorgia , Bonetti Stefano , Lonardi Fabio , Nocini Pier Francesco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo date, the best treatment for Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is controversial. Recent studies suggest different therapies, considering the stage of MRONJ; however, sometimes patients, although with remarkable extension of disease, cannot undergo surgery. The purpose of present preliminary study was to evaluate the efficacy of conservative non‐surgical treatment of MRONJ lesions in a cohort of patients ineligible for surgery or refusing any surgical treatment for stage II and III of MRONJ.Materials and methodsPatients with MRONJ (staging II or III) ineligible for surgical treatment were selected for a retrospective study. A conservative non‐surgical therapy (antibiotics and antiseptic) was administered for 1 year. Five scheduled checks were performed to assess changes in signs and symptoms during the observational period.ResultsOur observation was carried out on 12 patients. Improvement of signs and symptoms of disease were observed in population.ConclusionThis study suggests that non‐surgical treatment may be a valid therapeutic option in patients ineligible for surgery. The sample size is small, further studies should be carried out to satisfy the aim of a conservative non‐surgical treatment protocol establishment.
Left atrial strain as sensitive marker of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in heart failure
Authors: Frydas Athanasios , Morris Daniel A. , Belyavskiy Evgeny , Radhakrishnan Aravind‐Kumar , Kropf Martin , Tadic Marijana , Roessig Lothar , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Shah Sanjiv J. , Solomon Scott D. , Pieske Burkert , Pieske‐Kraigher Elisabeth 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this retrospective analysis was to examine the association of left atrial (LA) strain (i.e. LA reservoir function) with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (DD) in patients with heart failure with reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).Methods and resultsWe analysed the baseline echocardiographic recordings of 300 patients in sinus rhythm from the SOCRATES‐PRESERVED and SOCRATES‐REDUCED studies. LA volume index was normal in 89 (29.7%), of whom 60.6% had an abnormal LA reservoir strain (i.e. ≤23%). In addition, the extent of LA strain impairment was significantly associated with the severity of DD according to the 2016 American Society of Echocardiography recommendations (DD grade I: LA strain 22.2 ± 6.6, rate of abnormal LA strain 62.9%; DD grade II: LA strain 16.6 ± 7.4, rate of abnormal LA strain 88.6%; DD grade III: LA strain 11.1 ± 5.4%, rate of abnormal LA strain 95.7%; all P < 0.01). In line with these findings, LA strain had a good diagnostic performance to determine severe DD [area under the curve 0.83 (95% CI 0.77–0.88), cut‐off 14.1%, sensitivity 80%, specificity 77.8%], which was significantly better than for LA volume index, LA total emptying fraction, and the mitral E/e′ ratio.ConclusionsThe findings of this analysis suggest that LA strain could be a useful parameter in the evaluation of DD in patients with heart failure and sinus rhythm, irrespective of LVEF.