bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CANDYBOTS: A New Generation of 3D‐Printed Sugar‐Based Transient Small‐Scale Robots
Authors: Gervasoni Simone , Terzopoulou Anastasia , Franco Carlos , Veciana Andrea , Pedrini Norman , Burri Jan T. , de Marco Carmela , Siringil Erdem C. , Chen Xiang‐Zhong , Nelson Bradley J. , Puigmartí‐Luis Josep , Pané Salvador 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSugars are ubiquitous in food, and are among the main sources of energy for almost all forms of life. Sugars can also form structural building blocks such as cellulose in plants. Because of their inherent degradability and biocompatibility characteristics, sugars are compelling materials for transient devices. Here, an additive manufacturing approach for the production of magnetic sugar‐based composites is introduced. First, it is shown that sugar‐based 3D architectures can be 3D printed by selective laser sintering. This method enables not only the caramelization chemistry but also the mechanical properties of the sugar architectures to be adjusted by varying the laser energy. It is also demonstrated that mixtures of sugar and magnetic particles can be processed as 3D composites. As a proof of concept, a sugar‐based millimeter‐scale helical swimmer, which is capable of corkscrew motion in a solution with a viscosity comparable to those of biological fluids, is fabricated. The millirobot quickly dissolves in water, while being manipulated through magnetic fields. The present fabrication method can pave the way to a new generation of transient sugar‐based small‐scale robots for minimally invasive procedures. Due to their rapid dissolution, sugars can be used as an intermediate step for transporting swarms of particles to specific target locations.
Ultrafine IrNi Bimetals Encapsulated in Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks‐Derived Porous N‐Doped Carbon for Boosting Oxygen Evolution in Both Alkaline and Acidic Electrolytes
Authors: Chen Xiu , Xu Mingyue , Li Shang , Li Cuicui , Sun Xuechu , Mu Shichun , Yu Jun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDeveloping cost‐effective and active catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) towards renewable energy‐related system, and applying the catalysts under both alkaline and acidic conditions is still a great challenge. In this work, a facile wet‐chemical method is reported to synthesize ultrafine IrxNiy alloy encapsulated in porous N‐doped carbon (BMNC) derived from bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs). Benefiting from the advantages of alloy effect between Ir and Ni, high surface area and more active site exposing, the optimal sample Ir3Ni2/BMNC with only 7.7 wt% Ir content reveals outstanding OER electrocatalytic activity in alkaline and acidic electrolyte. When evaluated in 1 m KOH, Ir3Ni2/BMNC exhibits low overpotential of 279 mV to drive current density of 10 mA cm−2 compared with IrO2 (322 mV), 59.4 times Ir mass activity of 303 A gIr−1 higher than IrO2 (5.1 AgIr−1) and prominent durability of 40 000 s for chronopotentiometry test. Assessed in 0.1 m HClO4, Ir3Ni2/BMNC also possesses long stability of 40 000 s for chronopotentiometry, high current density (η10 = 321 mV) and 19.9 times Ir mass activity (303 A gIr−1) superior to IrO2 of η10 = 350 mV and 15.2 A gIr−1, respectively. The brilliant durability attributes to the structure of alloy nanoparticles anchored in porous N‐doped carbon.
A Review on Fabrication Methods and Research Progress of Superhydrophobic Silicone Rubber Materials
Authors: Wang Guangfei , Li Anling , Zhao Wen , Xu Zehua , Ma Yongwei , Zhang Fangyuan , Zhang Yanbin , Zhou Jin , He Qiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSilicone rubber materials have excellent comprehensive properties and are widely used in outdoor insulation, aerospace, and other fields. Due to its low surface energy and the appearance of biomimetic superhydrophobic materials, silicone rubber has become one of the popular materials in the field of superhydrophobicity. Superhydrophobic silicone rubber materials play an irreplaceable role in a wide range of applications such as long‐distance high‐voltage power transmission and high‐speed rail transportation. In this paper, research on superhydrophobic materials, including typical fabrication methods, is summarized to provide an overview of the up‐to‐date research state and progress in detail.
Electrochemical Epitaxial Grown PbS Nanorods Array on Graphene Film for High‐Performance Photodetector
Authors: Yang Chan , Feng Shuanglong , Tang Linlong , Shen Jun , Wei Xingzhan , Shi Haofei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPbS based low dimensional heterostructures have shown promising IR photodetector applications, arising from the multiple exciton effect. However, owing to the difficulty in controlling the size, shape, nucleation, and growth of PbS nanorods, it remains a significant challenge to construct PbS nanorods array heterostructures with precisely controlled orientation, morphology, dimensionality, and spatial distribution of each component. Here, an electrochemical atomic layer epitaxial growth method is reported to prepare the PbS nanorods array‐graphene heterostructures by engineering the structures, sizes, dimensionalities, and morphologies lattice parameters of PbS. In these heterostructures, PbS nanorods selectively grow along (200) orientation on graphene film by adjusting the underpotential deposition. The high‐oriented PbS nanorods‐graphene heterostructure's growth dynamics are confirmed by comparing the extreme polarization of graphene, resulting in controllable growth orientation and nucleation. Furthermore, the PbS nanorods‐graphene heterostructure photodetector presents an extraordinary photoresponsivity in exceeding 10.4 A W−1 and figure‐of‐merit detection D* ≈ 2.98 × 109 Jones is demonstrated in 2.7 µm at room temperature. The selective epitaxial growth of PbS nanorods opens the way to synthesize different hierarchical heterostructures with tunable architectures and dimensionalities, which can process various promising applications.
A Multi‐Stimuli‐Responsive Molecule with Responses to Light, Oxygen, and Mechanical Stress through Flexible Tuning of Triplet Excitons
Authors: Chen Junru , Tian Haiyan , Yang Zhan , Zhao Juan , Yang Zhiyong , Zhang Yi , Aldred Matthew P. , Chi Zhenguo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMultifunctional stimuli‐responsive materials have attracted tremendous attention because of their great potential in a variety of applications. However, conventional stimuli‐responsive emitting materials are limited to single‐stimulus response with rare attention paid to triplet excitons controlling. Herein, a multi‐stimuli‐responsive molecule (SPh‐TP) with tuning of triplet excitons is reported. During illumination, the SPh‐TP crystals with unique twisted structure and loose packing have a high probability to contact with neighboring oxygen atoms, followed by the occurrence of triplet–triplet energy transfer, and thus showing a photosensitive property. Meanwhile, the photosensitive property is also observed for the crystalline sample in vacuum, which is associated with oxygens locked in crystal pores. Upon mechanical stress, the crystalline morphology is broken and the molecules become more planar with tighter stacking, revealing its mechanochromism. In comparison to the crystalline sample, the ground sample can respond to light with different rates depending on the ratio of oxygen. This multi‐stimuli‐responsive material shows potential applications in oxygen detection and double‐encryption of information.
Strategies for the Stabilization of Zn Metal Anodes for Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yi Zhehan , Chen Guoyuan , Hou Feng , Wang Liqun , Liang Ji 
Published: November 2020

AbstractZinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are regarded as a promising candidate for next‐generation energy storage systems due to their high safety, resource availability, and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, the instability of the Zn metal anode has impeded ZIBs from being reliably deployed in their proposed applications. Specifically, dendrite formation and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on the Zn surface significantly compromise the Coulombic efficiency and cycling stability of ZIBs. In recent years, increasing efforts have been devoted to overcoming these obstacles by electrode structure design, interface modification, and electrolyte/separator optimization. To achieve an insightful and comprehensive understanding of these strategies, it is worth analyzing and categorizing them according to their intrinsic mechanisms. Considering this, an overview of the anodic stabilization strategies is provided. First, the fundamentals of the Zn metal anode are introduced, and the associated reaction mechanisms are presented. Furthermore, strategies of dendrite and HER suppression are categorized, discussed, and analyzed in detail. Last, suggestions for Zn anode deployment in ZIBs from research, industrialization, and commercialization aspects are proposed. It is expected that this Review and the proposed strategies will shed light on the roadmap for the exploration of novel Zn metal anodes for ZIBs.
Algorithms for weather‐based management decisions in major rainfed crops of India: Validation using data from multi‐location field experiments
Authors: Vijaya Kumar P. , Bal Santanu Kumar , Dhakar Rajkumar , Sarath Chandran M. A. , Subba Rao A. V. M. , Sandeep V. M. , Pramod V. P. , Malleswari S. N. , Sudhakar G. , Solanki N. S. , Shivaramu H. S. , Lunagaria M. M. , Dakhore K. K. , Londhe V. M. , Singh Mahender , Kumari Pragyan , Subbulakshmi S. , Manjunatha M. H. , Chaudhari N. J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCrop weather calendars (CWC) serve as tools for taking crop management decisions. However, CWCs are not dynamic, as they were prepared by assuming normal sowing dates and fixed occurrence as well as duration of phenological stages of rainfed crops. Sowing dates fluctuate due to variability in monsoon onset and phenology varies according to crop duration and stresses encountered. Realizing the disadvantages of CWC for issuing accurate agromet advisories, a protocol of dynamic crop weather calendar (DCWC) was developed by All India Coordinated Research Project on Agrometeorology (AICRPAM). The DCWC intends to automatize agromet advisories using prevailing and forecasted weather. Different modules of DCWC, namely, Sowing & irrigation schedules, crop contingency plans, phenophase‐wise crop advisory, and advisory for harvest were prepared using long‐term data of ten crops at nine centers of AICRPAM in eight states in India. Modules for predicting sowing dates and phenology were validated for principal crops and varieties at selected locations. The predicted sowing dates of 10 crops pooled over nine centers showed close relationships with observed values (r2 of .93). Predicted phenology showed better agreement with observed in all crops except cotton (Gossypium L.; at Parbhani) and pigeon pea	[Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] (at Bangalore). Predicted crop phenology using forecasted and realized weather by DCWC are close to each other, but number of irrigations differed, and it failed for accurate prediction in groundnut at Anantapur in drought year (2014). The DCWCs require further validation for making it operational to issue agromet advisories in all 732 districts of India.
NHC‐stabilisierte Stammverbindungen der Arsanylalane und ‐gallane
Authors: Weinhart Michael A. K. , Seidl Michael , Timoshkin Alexey Y. , Scheer Manfred 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEs wird über die Synthese und Charakterisierung der neuartigen Verbindungen IDipp⋅E′H2AsH2 (E′=Al, Ga; IDipp=1,3‐Bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐yliden) berichtet, die ersten monomeren, nur durch eine Lewis‐Base (LB) stabilisierten Stammvertreter eines Arsanylalans bzw. Arsanylgallans. Sie werden mittels Salzmetathesereaktion von KAsH2 mit IDipp⋅E′H2Cl (E′=Al, Ga) erhalten. Der Weg der H2‐Eliminierung durch die Reaktion von AsH3 mit IDipp⋅E′H3 (E′=Al, Ga) wurde als mögliche Syntheseroute identifiziert, die allerdings gegenüber der Salzmetathesereaktion einige Nachteile aufweist. Die entsprechenden organo‐substituierten Verbindungen IDipp⋅GaH2AsPh2 (1) und IDipp⋅AlH2AsPh2 (2) wurden durch die Reaktion von KAsPh2 mit IDipp⋅E′H2Cl (E′=Al, Ga) erhalten. Die neuartigen verzweigten Stammverbindungen IDipp⋅E′H(EH2)2 (E′=Al, Ga; E=P, As) wurden mittels Salzmetathesereaktionen ausgehend von IDipp⋅E′HCl2 (E′=Al, Ga) synthetisiert. Ergänzende DFT‐Rechnungen liefern Einblicke in die unterschiedlichen Synthesewege und die Stabilität der Produkte.
Enhancement of physical and mechanical properties of polyamide 66 fibers using polysiloxane‐functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Yu Wenguang , Zhang Xianye , Gao Xuefeng , Liu Haihui , Zhang Xingxiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA polyamide 66/3‐aminopropyl‐terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PA66/APDMS)‐carboxylate multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CMWNTs) nanocomposite (PA66/APDMS‐CMWNTs) was synthesized using a one‐pot method, and the product was melt‐spun into fibers. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the PA66/APDMS‐CMWNTs nanocomposite fiber is 68.0°C, which is 22% higher than that of the pure PA66 fiber. This result indicates that there is a strong interfacial interaction between APDMS‐CMWNTs and the PA66. Furthermore, the crystallinity of PA66/APDMS‐CMWNTs nanocomposite fiber reaches a maximum due to the addition of APDMS‐CMWNTs. Additionally, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of PA66/APDMS‐CMWNTs nanocomposite fiber are 167% and 631% higher, respectively, than that of the pure PA66 fiber. The strengthening mechanism was discussed using force balance‐based expression, which demonstrates that the stress on the PA66 is more efficiently transferred to the APDMS‐CMWNTs. These results argue that using APDMS‐CMWNTs as a filler can enhance the physical‐mechanical properties of PA66 with an elevated degree never being reported.
Fuzzy control system design for wheel slip prevention and tracking of desired speed profile in electric trains
Authors: Moaveni Bijan , Rashidi Fathabadi Fatemeh , Molavi Ali 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study proposes an anti‐slip control system for electric trains based on the fuzzy logic theory, which prevents the wheels from slipping during the acceleration and simultaneously tracks the desired speed profile. To improve the control performance, the train longitudinal velocity and the slip ratio are estimated. By using a field‐oriented control (FOC), the angular speed of the traction motor is controlled. The fuzzy control system determines the desired angular speed of the traction motor as the reference input of FOC to obtain the desired slip ratio and track the desired speed profile. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the control system in various wheel–rail surface conditions based on the real parameters of ER24PC locomotive.
Mitigating carbon emissions through sustainable aviation fuels: costs and potential
Authors: Capaz Rafael S. , Guida Elisa , Seabra Joaquim E. A. , Osseweijer Patricia , Posada John A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn general, the certified pathways for the production of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) are still far from being competitive with fossil kerosene, although they have the potential to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the mitigation costs related to SAFs and how they compete with the carbon credits market remain unclear. The present study addressed these issues, evaluating SAF pathways based on hydrotreatment (HEFA process) of soybean oil, palm oil, used cooking oil (UCO) and beef tallow; dehydration and oligomerization of ethanol (ATJ technology) obtained from sugarcane, lignocellulosic residues, and steel off‐gases; and the thermochemical conversion of lignocellulosic residues using the Fischer–Tropsch (FT) process and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). Residue‐based pathways had lower mitigation costs. Used cooking oil / HEFA had the lowest value (185 USD tCO2e−1), followed by the thermochemical conversion of forestry residues (234–263 USD tCO2e−1). Of the 1G pathways, SAF production from 1G sugarcane ethanol (SC‐1G/ATJ) performed better (495 USD tCO2e−1) than oil‐based ones. In comparison with the carbon market, the mitigation costs of SAFs are much higher than the current prices or even future ones. However, several concerns about the credibility of the emission units and their effective mitigation effects indicate that SAFs could play an important role in aviation sector goals. Considering the potential of supplying SAF and mitigating emissions, SC‐1G/ATJ was suggested as a preferred alternative in the short term. Of the residue‐based pathways, tallow / HEFA and FT of forestry residues are suggested as strategic alternatives. © 2020 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts, and Biorefining published by Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
How immune‐cell fate and function are determined by metabolic pathway choice
Authors: Hortová‐Kohoutková Marcela , Lázničková Petra , Frič Jan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractImmune cells are highly dynamic in their response to the tissue environment. Most immune cells rapidly change their metabolic profile to obtain sufficient energy to engage in defensive or homeostatic processes. Such “immunometabolism” is governed through intermediate metabolites, and has a vital role in regulating immune‐cell function. The underlying metabolic reactions are shaped by the abundance and accessibility of specific nutrients, as well as the overall metabolic status of the host. Here, we discuss how different immune‐cell types gain a sufficient energy supply. We then explain how immune cells perform various functions under challenged conditions and expend energy to sustain homeostasis. Finally, we speculate on how the immune‐cell metabolic profile might be modulated in health and disease, by manipulating nutrient availability. By such intervention, the recovery of patient with dysregulated immune system responses might be sped up and the fitness of an individual efficiently restored.
Exploring the effects of mergers and acquisitions on acquirers' sustainability orientation: Embedding, adding, or losing sustainability
Authors: Vastola Vincenzo , Russo Angeloantonio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMergers and acquisitions (M&A) have been primarily investigated from a shareholder‐centric perspective of economic value maximization. However, this type of strategic initiatives also carries relevant implications for companies' capacity to respond to increasing social and environmental concerns among their stakeholders. In this study, we explore the processes related to, and nonfinancial consequences of, acquisitions involving sustainability‐oriented firms. Leveraging interviews with business decision makers and secondary data covering the pre‐ and post‐acquisition phases, we find three main paths leading the acquiring firms to embed, add, or lose sustainability. Therefore, three possible post‐acquisition outcomes emerge, associated with differences in acquirers' focus on sustainability infusing the deal rationale, their due diligence activity, and practices of stakeholder management and integration in the post‐acquisition phase.
Acute aortic dissection combined with cardiac tamponade in an elderly patient saved by pericardial drainage: A case report
Authors: Une Kazunobu , Hidaka Yui , Maeda Junji , Kinoshita Hiroki , Kodama Hiroshi , Sato Katsutoshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAcute aortic dissection combined with cardiac tamponade is fatal. The radical treatment is an aortic replacement; however, the risk is high. We suggest conservative treatment with pericardial drainage as a treatment option in elderly patients with comorbidities.
Intracytoplasmic dot‐like inclusions as cytopathologically useful findings of ependymoma: Case report of adolescent supratentorial anaplastic ependymoma with clear cell morphology
Authors: Homma Taku , Mizuno Reina , Miyama Yu , Suzuki Tomonari , Uchida Eita , Adachi Jun‐ichi , Yasuda Masanori 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPediatric supratentorial ependymomas often have a clear cell morphology and reveal a RELA fusion. When a clear cell neoplasm is intraoperatively diagnosed, intracytoplasmic dot‐like inclusions by cytology are a useful cytopathological feature of ependymoma.
Combining Electricity and Fuel Supply: Operational Strategies for Biogas Plants
Authors: Gökgöz Fatih , Winkler Manuel , Barchmann Tino , Weinrich Sören , Liebetrau Jan , Nelles Michael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe operational consequences resulting from the combination of a flexibly operated combined heat and power unit (CHP) and an off‐grid biomethane filling station at one biogas plant were investigated. Four different operating scenarios were compared to evaluate the storage capacity needed to balance biogas demand fluctuations and biogas production. The scenario in which fuel production was given priority and electricity was produced within the remaining hours proved to cause the lowest additional costs since it does not require additional installation of biogas storage capacity and causes minor opportunity cost in electricity marketing. Giving fuel demand the priority reduces the necessary biogas storage capacity by 75 % compared to parallel optimization of the electricity and fuel demands.
Deoxygenation of Bio‐oil from Calcium‐Rich Paper‐Mill Waste
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Asif , Jahangiri Hessam , Hornung Andreas , Ouadi Miloud 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDe‐inking sludge, an ash‐rich recycling paper solid waste, is generated in huge amounts. The catalytic deoxygenation potential of calcium‐based de‐inking sludge in co‐pyrolysis mode with wood and its neat thermal conversion to sustainable biofuels are investigated. Wood, de‐inking sludge, and their blends are processed in a thermocatalytic reforming (TCR) system. In the presence of de‐inking sludge, the oxygen content in the organic phase decreases and the bio‐oil calorific value improves as compared to the neat wood‐derived bio‐oil. The TCR processing of neat de‐inking sludge produces a bio‐oil with low oxygen content and higher calorific value.
Highly Regioselective 5‐endo‐tet Cyclization of 3,4‐Epoxy Amines into 3‐Hydroxypyrrolidines Catalyzed by La(OTf)3
Authors: Kuriyama Yuse , Sasano Yusuke , Hoshino Yoshihiko , Uesugi Shun‐ichiro , Yamaichi Aoto , Iwabuchi Yoshiharu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHighly regioselective intramolecular aminolysis of 3,4‐epoxy amines has been achieved. Key features of this reaction are (1) chemoselective activation of epoxides in the presence of unprotected aliphatic amines in the same molecules by a La(OTf)3 catalyst and (2) excellent regioselectivity for anti‐Baldwin 5‐endo‐tet cyclization. This reaction affords 3‐hydroxy‐2‐alkylpyrrolidines stereospecifically in high yields. DFT calculations revealed that the regioselectivity might be attributed to distortion energies of epoxy amine substrates. The use of this reaction was demonstrated by the first enantioselective synthesis of an antispasmodic agent prifinium bromide.