bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Group versus one‐to‐one multi‐component lifestyle interventions for weight management: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Abbott S. , Smith E. , Tighe B. , Lycett D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMulti‐component lifestyle interventions that incorporate diet, physical activity and behaviour change are effective for weight management. However, it is not clear whether delivery in a group or one‐to‐one format influences weight loss efficacy. The present study aimed to systematically review the evidence of the effectiveness of group compared to one‐to‐one multi‐component lifestyle interventions for weight management.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL and ISRCTN databases were searched from inception up to February 2020 for randomised controlled trials comparing group versus one‐to‐one multi‐component lifestyle interventions for weight loss in adults with a body mass index ≥ 25 kg m–2. The primary outcome was weight loss (kg) at 12 months and the secondary outcome was attainment of ≥5% weight loss at 12 months. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Meta‐analysis used random effects and estimated risk ratios and continuous inverse variance methods. Heterogeneity was investigated using I2 statistics and sensitivity analyses.ResultsSeven randomised controlled trials with 2576 participants were included. Group interventions were favoured over one‐to‐one interventions for weight loss at 12 months (−1.9 kg, 95% confidence interval = −1.3 to −2.6; I2 = 99%). Participants of group interventions were more likely to attain ≥5% weight loss at 12 months relative to one‐to‐one interventions (relative risk = 1.58, 95% confidence interval = 1.25–2.00; I2 = 60%).ConclusionsGroup multi‐component lifestyle interventions are superior for weight loss compared to one‐to‐one interventions with respect to adult weight management. Further research is required to determine whether specific components of group interventions can explain the superiority of weight loss outcomes in group interventions.
Research on extended external reporting assurance: Trends, themes, and opportunities
Authors: Venter Elmar R. , van Eck Lanise 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe assurance of non‐financial information (NFI) included in extended external reports (EERs) is a global activity that has far‐reaching consequences for business, investors, other stakeholders, and society. EERs remain largely unregulated with few standards. Along with our companion paper (Krasodomska, Simnett, & Street, 2021, Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting, 25, 209), we contribute to the current discussion on EER assurance by providing an overview of the academic literature to inform the standard setting initiatives of the International Auditing and Assurance Standard Setting Board (IAASB), as well as the practice of assurance of EERs. We identify 121 articles on extended external reporting (EER) assurance published between 2009 and 2020 across 35 journals ranked A*, A, and B on the Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC) 2019 Journal Quality List. These articles cover archival, experimental, interviews, case studies, surveys, and content analysis research methods and serve as a possible input for standard setting activities. We document a rapid increase in this literature with almost half of the articles published in the last 3 years, 2018 to 2020. Finally, we offer ideas for future research directly linked to the proposed Guidance of the IAASB on EER assurance. We encourage researchers to engage in these and other issues of the IAASB’s Guidance to assist them with valuable input for their standard setting activities.
Sustained attention to response task performance trajectories in Down syndrome
Authors: Faught G. G. , Himmelberger Z. M. , Tungate A. S. , Conners F. A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundSustained attention (SA) has been reported to be a unitary construct in youth with Down syndrome (DS), but additional analyses of how auditory and visual SA change over task presentation time are warranted.MethodThe current study was a secondary data analysis employing multilevel modeling. Specifically, we compared auditory and visual sustained attention to response task (SART) performance trajectories within a group of 42 youth with DS aged 10 to 22 years.ResultsWe found that auditory omission errors increased at a faster rate than visual omission errors over increasing SART block presentations in youth with DS.ConclusionsYouth with DS experience more SA lapses over time in the auditory than visual modality. Results have implications for academic instruction and assessment.
Expression of natural cytotoxicity receptor NKp46 on peripheral blood natural killer cells in women with a history of recurrent implantation failures
Authors: Dons'koi Boris V. , Osypchuk Dariia V. , Chernyshov Viktor P. , Khazhylenko Kseniia G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimThe peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells diversity is highly complex; recent studies described more than a thousand phenotypes sharing NK cell receptors, across the leukocyte lineages. In this study, we investigated the expression of NKp46 in peripheral blood NK cells in women with a history of recurrent implantation failures (RIF) with euploid embryos with pre‐implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) and control group (donors of oocytes and surrogate mothers).MethodsThe expression of NKp46 in peripheral blood lymphocytes and NK cells from women with RIF (n = 57) and control group (n = 50) was analyzed with three‐color flow cytometry.ResultsThe percentage of NKp46+NK cells was significantly higher in women with RIF compare with the control group and high amount of NKp46+NK cells (>13% of total lymphocytes) was a poor prognostic factor for embryo implantation. Also, women with RIF had a low amount of NKp46negNK cells, which was a negative prognostic factor for embryo implantation. The analysis of NK subpopulations, on the basis of NKp46 expression, also revealed that NKp46negNK in low amounts (<20% of NK cells) and NKp46dim in high amounts (>50% of NK cells) are also negative prognostic factors for embryo implantation.ConclusionOur results support the clinical significance of the NKp46 expression on NK cells in women with RIF. We suggest that the low level of NKp46neg subset in women with RIF may be a result of an imbalance in the differential development of ILC subsets toward cytotoxic ILC (NK cells), which in turn is a negative condition for successful embryo implantation.
A comparative evaluation between the reliability of gypsum casts and digital greyscale intra‐oral scans for the scoring of tooth wear using the Tooth Wear Evaluation System (TWES)
Authors: Mehta Shamir B. , Bronkhorst Ewald M. , Crins Luuk , Huysmans Marie‐Charlotte D. N. J , Wetselaar Peter , Loomans Bas A. C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Tooth Wear Evaluation System (TWES) is a type of tooth wear index. To date, there is the lack of data comparing the reliability of the application of this index on gypsum cast records and digital greyscale intra‐oral scan records.ObjectivesA comparative evaluation between the use of gypsum cast records and digital greyscale intra‐oral scan records with the reliability of tooth wear scoring using the TWES amongst a group of patients with tooth wear.MethodsRecords for 10 patients with moderate to severe tooth wear (TWES ≥ 2) were randomly selected from a larger clinical trial. TWES grading of the occlusal/incisal, buccal and palatal/lingual surfaces was performed to determine the levels of intra‐ and interobserver agreement. Intra‐observer reproducibility was based on the findings of one examiner only. For the interobserver reproducibility, the findings of two examiners were considered. One set of models/ records were used per patient. Cohen's weighted kappa (κW) was used to ascertain agreement between and within the observers. Comparison of agreement was performed using t tests (P < .05).ResultsFor the scoring of the of the total occlusal/incisal surfaces, the overall levels of intra‐ and interobserver agreement were significantly higher using the gypsum cast records than with the digital greyscale intra‐oral scan records, (P < .001) and (P < .001), respectively. For the overall buccal surfaces, only a significant difference was found in the intra‐observer agreement using gypsum casts, (P = .013). For the palatal/lingual surfaces, a significant difference was only reported in the interobserver agreement using gypsum casts, (P = .043). At the occlusal/incisal surfaces, grading performed using gypsum casts, culminated in significantly higher TWES scores than with the use of the digital greyscale intra‐oral scans (P < .001). At the buccal and palatal/lingual surfaces, significantly higher wear scores were obtained using digital greyscale intra‐oral scan records (P < .009).ConclusionsThe TWES can offer a reliable means for the scoring of wearing occlusal/incisal surfaces using gypsum casts. The reliability offered by digital greyscale intra‐oral scans for consecutive scoring was in general, inferior.
GRATIAN AND MENGZI
Authors: Lo Ping‐cheung 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this essay, I compare two pioneer thinkers of the “just war” tradition across cultures: Gratian in the Christian tradition, and Mengzi (Mencius) in the Confucian tradition. I examine their historical‐cultural contexts and the need for both to discuss just war, introduce the nature of their treatises and the rudimentary theories of just war therein, and trace the influence both thinkers’ theories have had on subsequent just war ethics. Both deemed just cause, proper authority, and right intention to be necessary conditions for initiating a just war. However, Gratian’s theory has a presumption against injustice whereas Mengzi’s theory has a presumption against war. As a jurist of the Church, Gratian sought to discriminate just from unjust wars, while Mengzi, a moral‐political advisor to rulers, was more concerned with avoiding bloodshed and building lasting peace. In addition to examining these thinkers’ respective historical influences, I submit that Gratian’s Decretum and the Mengzi are pioneering in two more senses. First, they offer important clues to understanding how just war ideas were developed very differently in medieval Europe and in premodern China. Second, both embodied features that helped shape their subsequent intellectual tradition, which in turn molded the different legacies of these two works.
SCHOLARSHIP AND THE CRITIQUE OF TRADITION
Authors: Novak David 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis review essay of Wolfson’s recent Heidegger and Kabbalah both praises Wolfson for departing from the historicism of his earliest writings on the kabbalistic tradition, and also critiques him for being unable to ground adequately his critique of the kabbalistic tradition’s ethnocentrism. Resolving the tension in this authorial position, stretched between commitment to a particular tradition and the liberalism of much of contemporary academia, entails acknowledging the limitations of scholarship in religious ethics.
TIME, (COM)PASSION, AND ETHICAL SELF‐FORMATION IN EVANGELICAL HUMANITARIANISM
Authors: Henquinet Kari B. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article examines narratives, images, and stories that give insight to everyday experimentation and ethical self‐formation. I use the case of World Vision and its early leaders to unpack genealogies of American evangelical humanitarianism. Rather than seeking to identify American evangelicalism’s normative ethical stance, I aim to expand the discussion in anthropology of ethics on ethical self‐formation through examining the tensions, reflections, and processes of becoming among evangelical humanitarians. In doing so, I examine two focal areas of ethical self‐formation among early World Vision leaders. The first is oscillation between and mixing of passion and compassion frameworks in the American evangelical imagination. Second, I identify a range of temporal frames that evangelicals draw on to make sense of and formulate ethical responses to human needs encountered abroad.
ETHICAL SELF‐MAKING, MORAL EXPERIMENTATION, AND HUMANITARIAN ENCOUNTER: Interdisciplinary Engagement with the Anthropology of Ethics
Authors: Campbell Letitia M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe interdisciplinary group of authors featured in this focus issue contribute to conversations at the intersection of anthropology and ethics by exploring ethical self‐making and moral experimentation among faith‐based actors in a range of humanitarian settings. Kari Henquinet describes the genealogies of American evangelical humanitarianism by focusing on the ethical self‐formation of early World Vision leaders. Rachel Schneider and Sara Williams each explore practices by which relatively privileged individuals seek to cultivate virtue by engaging with those on the margins, in poor, urban neighborhoods in South Africa, and through packaged tours in Israel/Palestine, respectively. Sarah Tobin describes projects of Islamic self‐making among displaced refugee women in Jordan. Although they examine a wide range of subjects and settings, they explore a common set of themes, two of which I discuss here: moral experimentation, and engagements with suffering, poverty, and inequality.
Phylogenetic position of South American Cheilanthes (Cheilanthoideae, Pteridaceae): Advances in the generic circumscription and segregation of the new genus Mineirella
Authors: Ponce Marta Mónica , Scataglini María Amalia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis analysis corroborates and expands our previous results regarding the phylogenetic position of Cheilanthes species from South America. We sequenced three plastid genetic regions, one genic (rbcL) and two genic plus intergenic spacers (trnL + trnL‐F and rps4 + rps4‐trnS) from 25 South American cheilanthoid species. This allowed us to elucidate phylogenetic relationships that have been historically unresolved or were lowly supported. Here, we analyzed 45 Cheilanthes species (23 from South America) and circumscribed Cheilanthes s.s. in a strongly supported clade that contains three subclades: (i) exclusively from South America, (ii) from Australasia + South America, and (iii) from Africa. The position of three South American species, previously referred to the informal “Cheilanthes geraniifolia group”, is confirmed as a highly supported group outside Cheilanthes s.s. and within the Adiantopsis–Doryopteris clade. This group is described here as the new genus Mineirella. The new combinations for the genus and illustrations are included. Additionally, we discuss the morphological innovations that provide evidence to support the different clades.
Four philosophical images of man and nursing from Krąpiec’s perspective
Authors: Ferdynus Marcin Paweł 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe article describes Mieczysław Albert Krąpiec's perspective on four classic philosophical images of man and the resulting theoretical and practical implications for the nursing profession. The first three images, namely man as a set of elements, man as a soul imprisoned in the body and man as a rational animal, are regarded by Krąpiec as reductionist anthropologies and are thus inadequate for nursing. The first image reduces man to a biological element. The second one reduces man to a soul and treats a body as something an obstacle in personal development. The third image absolutizes reason in man. While the body is not rejected in this image, it is viewed as an indifferent mass. The last image, which regards man as a person, is an adequate image for nursing. The exceptional character of man emphasized in this image is determined by the following personal qualities: the ability for cognition, freedom, love, religiousness, dignity, subjectivity to law and completeness. These characteristics reveal the specificity of personal being in both the body and the spirit. By viewing man as a person, a nurse discovers a wide range of possibilities of providing effective help to the patient.
Understanding obesity‐related behaviors in youth from a systems dynamics perspective: The use of causal loop diagrams
Authors: Waterlander Wilma E. , Singh Amika , Altenburg Teatske , Dijkstra Coosje , Luna Pinzon Angie , Anselma Manou , Busch Vincent , van Houtum Lieke , Emke Helga , Overman Meredith L. , Chinapaw Mai J.M. , Stronks Karien 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThis paper reports how we applied systems dynamics methods to gain insight into the complexity of obesity‐related behaviors in youth, including diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, by integrating a literature review into causal loop diagrams (CLDs). Results showed that the CLDs consisted of multiple subsystems and three types of dynamics appeared, including (1) feedback loops, (2) connections between feedback loops and subsystems, and (3) mechanisms. We observed clear similarities in the dynamics for the four behaviors in that they relate to “traditional” subsystems, such as home and school environments, as well as to newly added subsystems, including macroeconomics, social welfare, and urban systems. The CLDs provided insights that can support the development of intervention strategies, including (1) the confirmation that a range of mechanisms cover and connect multiple levels and settings, meaning that there is no silver bullet to address obesity; (2) understanding of how interventions in one particular setting, such as school, might be influenced by the interactions with other settings, such as urban systems; and (3) a comprehensive view of (un)intended consequences. This way of framing the problem will assist moving towards public health interventions that respond to and operate in the complexity of the real world.
Frontiers in Multiscale Modeling of Photoreceptor Proteins
Authors: Mroginski Maria‐Andrea , Adam Suliman , Amoyal Gil S. , Barnoy Avishai , Bondar Ana‐Nicoleta , Borin Veniamin A. , Church Jonathan R. , Domratcheva Tatiana , Ensing Bernd , Fanelli Francesca , Ferré Nicolas , Filiba Ofer , Pedraza‐González Laura , González Ronald , González‐Espinoza Cristina E. , Kar Rajiv K. , Kemmler Lukas , Kim Seung Soo , Kongsted Jacob , Krylov Anna I. , Lahav Yigal , Lazaratos Michalis , NasserEddin Qays , Navizet Isabelle , Nemukhin Alexander , Olivucci Massimo , Olsen Jógvan Magnus Haugaard , Pérez de Alba Ortíz Alberto , Pieri Elisa , Rao Aditya G. , Rhee Young Min , Ricardi Niccolò , Sen Saumik , Solov'yov Ilia A. , De Vico Luca , Wesolowski Tomasz A. , Wiebeler Christian , Yang Xuchun , Schapiro Igor 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis perspective article highlights the challenges in the theoretical description of photoreceptor proteins using multiscale modeling, as discussed at the CECAM workshop in Tel Aviv, Israel. The participants have identified grand challenges and discussed the development of new tools to address them. Recent progress in understanding representative proteins such as green fluorescent protein, photoactive yellow protein, phytochrome, and rhodopsin is presented, along with methodological developments.
Channels for Common Ground
Authors: Swanson Eric 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOne potentially ethically relevant feature of an utterance is that utterance's influence on the likelihoods that our future discourses wind up with one Stalnakerian ‘common ground’ or body of shared information rather than another. Such likelihoods matter ethically, so the ways our utterances influence them can matter ethically, despite the fact that such influences are often unintended, and often hard to see. By offering a relatively neutral descriptive framework that can enhance our collective sensitivity to and discussion of ethically, socially, and politically important features of language use, this paper contributes to the ethics of language use. It discusses ways in which utterances can influence the likelihoods of future common grounds by deploying one system of categorization rather than another, and argues that language’s effects on the evolution of discourse can affect the paths to and probabilities of different sorts of consensus.
Best therapeutic practices for the use of antibacterial agents in finfish aquaculture: a particular view on European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) in Mediterranean aquaculture
Authors: Rigos George , Kogiannou Dimitra , Padrós Francesc , Cristòfol Carles , Florio Daniela , Fioravanti Marialetizia , Zarza Carlos 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAntibacterial therapy is still in many cases the only way to control bacterial disease outbreaks, with relevant economic issues. Nevertheless, this necessity should also be well balanced with other relevant aspects such as suitability, efficacy and refinement of the treatments but also with consumer and environmental welfare. With this aim, the literature pertaining to the use of antibacterials (i.e. oxytetracycline, oxolinic acid, flumequine and potentiated sulphonamides) in Mediterranean farmed European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) was reviewed and addressed. Knowledge of drug pharmacokinetics along with the related legislation is also presented. The main criteria, technical aspects and constraints affecting the design of an appropriate antibacterial therapy are also discussed. An evaluation of available bibliography revealed the existence of considerable information on several registered antibacterials, while it is limited for others. Typically, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) have been used as a reference for antibacterial selection. However, the methodologies used for MIC assessment require refinement and more sophisticated data such as epidemiological cut‐off breakpoint values. Due to the characteristics of farming systems, antibacterials are mostly delivered through medicated feeds. The large number of production units and number of fish per unit, together with a limited timeframe margin for efficient therapy, makes Mediterranean gilthead seabream and European seabass, one of the best examples where the metaphylactic concept has to be considered in aquatic medicine. The information presented in this review should guide future action taken to fulfil research gaps and promote effective and prudent antibacterial practices.
Privacy Accountability and Penalties for IoT Firms
Authors: Ciardiello Francesco , Di Liddo Andrea 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInternet of things (IoT) business partnership are formed by technological partners and traditional manufacturers. IoT sensors and devices capture data from manufacturers' products. Data enforce product/service innovation thanks to data sharing among companies. However, data sharing among firms increases the risk of data breaches. The latter is due to two phenomena: information linkage and privacy interdependency. Data Protection Authorities (DPA) protect data users' rights and fine firms if there is an infringement of privacy laws. DPA sanction the responsible for the infringement of privacy laws. We present two different business scenarios: the first occurs when each firm is a data owner; the second occurs when only the manufacturer is the data owner. For both scenarios, we present two fair penalty schemes that suggest the following: total amount of the fine; and how to share the fine among participants. Penalties critically vary at how innovation networks are structured in IoT industries. Our penalties provide incentives to data sharing since they redistribute firms' responsibility against data breaches. Our penalties may mitigate the risk on the manufacturer if is the unique responsible for data handling.