bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative proteomics analysis of FFPE tumor samples reveals the influences of NET-1 siRNA nanoparticles and sonodynamic therapy on tetraspanin protein involved in HCC
Authors: Wu Bolin , Shang Haitao , Liang Xitian , Yang Huajing Yang Huajing , Jing Hui , Li Bo , Cheng Wen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a severe threat to human health. The NET-1 protein has been proved to be strongly associated with HCC proliferation and metastasis in our previous study. Here, we established and validated NET-1 siRNA nanoparticles system to conduct targeted gene therapy of HCC xenograft in vivo with the aid of sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Then, a label-free proteome mass spectrometry workflow to analyze formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded HCC xenograft samples collected in this study. The result showed that 78 proteins were differentially expressed after NET-1 protein inhibited. Among them, the expression of 61 proteins up-regulated and the expression of 17 proteins were significantly down-regulated. Of the differentially expressed proteins, the vast majority of Gene Ontology enrichment terms belong to the biological process. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the 78 differentially expressed proteins significantly enriched in 45 pathways. We concluded that the function of the NET-1 gene is not only to regulate HCC but also to participate in a variety of biochemical metabolic pathways in the human body. Furthermore, the protein-protein interaction analysis indicated that the interactions of differentially expressed proteins are incredibly sophisticated. All the protein-protein interactions happened after the NET-1 gene has been silenced. Finally, our study also provides a useful proposal for targeted therapy based on tetraspanin proteins to treat HCC, and further mechanism investigations are needed to reveal a more detailed mechanism of action for NET-1 protein regulation of HCC.
Comparative transcriptomic profiling of myxomatous mitral valve disease in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
Authors: Markby Greg , Macrae Vicky , Corcoran Brendan , Summers Kim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background. Almost all elderly dogs develop myxomatous mitral valve disease by the end of their life, but the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (CKCS) has a heightened susceptibility, frequently resulting in death at a young age and suggesting that there is a genetic component to the condition in this breed. Transcriptional profiling can reveal the impact of genetic variation through differences in gene expression levels. The aim of this study was to determine whether expression patterns were different in mitral valves showing myxomatous degeneration from CKCS dogs compared to valves from non-CKCS dogs. Results. Gene expression patterns in three groups of canine valves resulted in distinct separation of normal valves, diseased valves from CKCS and diseased valves from other breeds; the latter were more similar to the normal valves than were the valves from CKCS. Gene expression patterns in diseased valves from CKCS dogs were quite different from those in the valves from other dogs, both affected and normal. Patterns in all diseased valves (from CKCS and other breeds) were also somewhat different from normal non-diseased samples. Analysis of differentially expressed genes showed enrichment in GO terms relating to cardiac development and function and to calcium signalling canonical pathway in the genes down-regulated in the diseased valves from CKCS, compared to normal valves and to diseased valves from other breeds. F2 (prothrombin) (CKCS diseased valves compared to normal) and MEF2C pathway activation (CKCS diseased valves compared to non-CKCS diseased valves) had the strongest association with the gene changes. A large number of genes that were differentially expressed in the CKCS diseased valves compared with normal valves and diseased valves from other breeds were associated with cardiomyocytes including CASQ2, TNNI3 and RYR2. Conclusion. Transcriptomic profiling identified gene expression changes in CKCS diseased valves that were not present in age and disease severity-matched non-CKCS valves. These genes are associated with cardiomyocytes, coagulation and extra-cellular matrix remodelling. Identification of genes that vary in the CKCS will allow exploration of genetic variation to understand the aetiology of the disease in this breed, and ultimately development of breeding strategies to eliminate this disease from the breed.
The views of health guideline developers on the use of automation in health evidence synthesis
Authors: Arno Anneliese Downey , Elliott Julian , Wallace Byron , Turner Tari , Thomas James 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The increasingly rapid rate of evidence publication has made it difficult for evidence synthesis – systematic reviews and health guidelines -- to be continually kept up to date. One proposed solution for this is the use of automation in health evidence synthesis. Guideline developers are key gatekeepers in the acceptance and use of evidence, and therefore their opinions on the potential use of automation are crucial. Methods: The objective of this study was to analyze the attitudes of guideline developers towards the use of automation in health evidence synthesis. The Diffusion of Innovations framework was chosen as an initial analytical framework because it encapsulates some of the core issues which are thought to affect the adoption of new innovations in practice. This well-established theory posits five dimensions which affect the adoption of novel technologies: Relative Advantage, Compatibility, Complexity, Trialability, and Observability.Eighteen interviews were conducted with individuals who were currently working, or had previously worked, in guideline development. After transcription, a multiphase mixed deductive and grounded approach was used to analyze the data. First, transcripts were coded with a deductive approach using Rogers’ Diffusion of Innovation as the top-level themes. Second, sub-themes within the framework were identified using a grounded approach.Results: Participants were consistently most concerned with the extent to which an innovation is in line with current values and practices (i.e. Compatibility in the Diffusion of Innovations framework). Participants were also concerned with Relative Advantage and Observability, which were discussed in approximately equal amounts. For the latter, participants expressed a desire for transparency in methodology of automation software. Participants were noticeably less interested in Complexity and Trialability, which were discussed infrequently. These results were reasonably consistent across all participants. Conclusions: If machine learning and other automation technologies are to be used more widely and to their full potential in systematic reviews and guideline development, it is crucial to ensure new technologies are in line with current values and practice. It will also be important to maximize the transparency of the methods of these technologies to address the concerns of guideline developers.
Health literacy in context: struggling to self-manage diabetes. A longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: Debussche Xavier , Balcou-Debussche Maryvette , Ballet Delphine , Caroupin-Soupoutevin Jessica 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveConsidering health literacy is a key element for health service responsiveness to self-management needs in diabetes. This qualitative study aimed to provide a detailed analysis of the health literacy of people with type 2 diabetes in relation to their daily self-care practices.MethodsInterviews (n=86) were conducted as part of the qualitative study ERMIES-ethnosocio, at the beginning and at the end of a structured educational care. The interviews focused on food practices, exercise, treatment, relationship to health information and professionals.ResultsThree poles structured into eight themes characterized practices in context: health knowledge, disease management, expertise and social support. The relationships of participants in each of the eight themes were differentiated, ranging from functional to interactive and critical. Treatment and follow-up were essentially functional, while diet and exercise remained more interactive. Social support and relationship to health professionals were important determinants of disease management. Conclusion and Practice implicationsTreatment management and disease monitoring remain primarily the job of health professionals, as opposed to diet, physical activity and social support being part of ordinary practice. Decision-making, as a shared social task, as well as resources for participation in health services, should be considered for relevant interventions in type 2 diabetes.
Analysis of operation procedure and effect for emergency surgery in general hospital during novel coronavirus pneumonia period
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Wang Minggang , Shen Yingmo , Chen Jie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) outbreak in Wuhan, China in early 2020, resulted in over 80 thousand infections in China. At present, NCP has an explosive growth in the world. Surgeons could refuse selective operation during the outbreak, but they must face the emergency operation. We hope to avoid the spread of NCP while ensuring efficient treatment of emergency cases. Methods The data of patients with incarcerated hernia admitted to Beijing Chaoyang Hospital during NCP epidemic were analyzed and compared with those in 2019. All cases were divided into NCP group and 2019 group. The operation data and inpatient protection process of emergency cases were analyzed. Result During the NCP epidemic, 17 cases with incarcerated hernia were treated in our department. A Total of 263 cases of the same disease were admitted in 2019. There was no significant difference in age, gender, BMI and hernia type between two groups. No significant difference was observed between the two groups in operation method and hospital stay. The waiting time for emergency operation of NCP group was significantly longer than that of 2019 group (P=0.002). A buffer ward was set up by administrator of hospital during NCP outbreak. Hospitals were divided into "Red area, Yellow area and Green area" artificially, and strict screening consultation system was implemented. There was no case of SARS-nCoV-2 infection in medical staff. Conclusion It was safe and effective to carry out emergency operation on the premise of screening, protection and isolation during the NCP epidemic. The increased waiting time for operation due to NCP screening did not threaten medical safety of emergency incarcerated hernia patients.
Impact of lockdown on Covid-19 Case Fatality Rate and Viral Mutations Spread in 7 Countries in Europe and North America.
Authors: Pachetti Maria , Marini Bruna , Giudici Fabiola , Benedetti Francesca , Angeletti Silvia , Ciccozzi Massimo , Masciovecchio Claudio , Ipprodrino Rudy , Zella Davide 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China and has become a public health emergency of international concern. SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has been declared a pandemic by WHO on March 11th, 2020 and the same month several Countries put in place different lockdown restrictions and testing strategies in order to contain the spread of the virus. Methods: The calculation of the Case Fatality Rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the Countries selected was made by using the data available at https://github.com/owid/covi-19-data/tree/master/public/data. Case fatality rate was calculated as the ratio between the death cases due to COVID-19, over the total number of SARS-CoV-2 reported cases 14 days before. Standard Case Fatality Rate values were normalized by the Country-specific ρ factor, i.e. the number of PCR tests/1 million inhabitants over the number of reported cases/1 million inhabitants. Case-fatality rates between Countries were compared using proportion test. Post-hoc analysis in the case of more than two groups was performed using pairwise comparison of proportions and p-value was adjusted using Holm method.We also analyzed 487 genomic sequences from the GISAID database derived from patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 from January 2020 to April 2020 in Italy, Spain, Germany, France, Sweden, UK and USA. SARS-CoV-2 reference genome was obtained from the GenBank database (NC_045512.2). Genomes alignment was performed using Muscle and Jalview software. We, then, calculated the Case Fatality Rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the Countries selected. Results: In this study we analyse how different lockdown strategies and PCR testing capability adopted by Italy, France, Germany, Spain, Sweden, UK and USA have influenced the Case Fatality Rate and the viral mutations spread. We calculated case fatality rates by dividing the death number of a specific day by the number of patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection observed 14 days before and normalized by a ρ factor which takes into account the diagnostic PCR testing capability of each Country and the number of positive cases detected. We notice the stabilization of a clear pattern of mutations at sites nt241, nt3037, nt14408 and nt23403. A novel nonsynonymous SARS-CoV-2 mutation in the spike protein (nt24368) has been found in genomes sequenced in Sweden, which enacted a soft lockdown strategy.Conclusions: Strict lockdown strategies together with a wide diagnostic PCR testing of the population were correlated with a relevant decline of the case fatality rate in different Countries. The emergence of specific patterns of mutations concomitant with the decline in case fatality rate needs further confirmation and their biological significance remains unclear.
The Effect of Atrovastatin on Inflammatory Markers in Sulfur Mustard Gas Induced Bronchitis; A Randomized Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Momeni Behrooz , Nazer Saeed , Masoompour Seyed Masoom , Geramizadeh Bita , Sajadi Seyed Vahid 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of atorvastatin in patients with chronic bronchitis due to sulfur mustard gas inhalation. Methods: In this randomized double-blinded clinical trial we enrolled patients with chronic bronchitis due to sulfur mustard gas inhalation. Ninety man aged between 45 to 75 years with diagnosed of chronic bronchitis due to exposure to mustard gas during the Iran-Iraq war, were randomly assigned to receive either atorvastatin (40 mg) or placebo, given orally once a day for 3 months. The interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), procalcitonin, highly sensitive CRP, and COPD assessment test (CAT) score in both groups compared with each other and baseline data. Results: After 12 weeks of using atorvastatin (n=40), the level IL-6 decreased significantly (p=0.03) without any significant differences in the level of TNF-α, high sensitive CRP, and procalcitonin (P=0.31, p=0.78, and p=0.08). In placebo group (n=38), both procalcitonin and IL-6 significantly decreased after 12 weeks (P=0.002 and p<0.001), but levels of high sensitive CRP did not differ significantly and the level of TNF-α increased (p=0.006). The mean differences in levels of TNF- α, IL-6, high sensitive CRP, and procalcitonin did not differ statistically significant between the study groups after 12 weeks. Although after 12 weeks of study in both groups the CAT score have had appreciably high magnitude decrease (P<0.001), but its mean differences change wasn't significant between group (P=0.71). Conclusions: Administration of 40 mg atorvastatin for 3 months although could not significantly change systemic inflammatory markers or quality of life in mustard gas induced chronic bronchitis.Trial registration: IRCT, IRCT138904144312N1. Registered 16 August 2014, https://en.irct.ir/trial/4577
The Status and Associated Factors of Early Childhood Caries among 3- to 5-year-old Children in Guangdong, Southern China: A Provincial Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Li Jianbo , Fan Weihua , Zhou Yueshan , Wu Linmei , Liu Wei , Huang Shaohong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Dental caries of deciduous teeth (Early Childhood Caries, ECC) has become a crucial oral health problem over the decades in China. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and severity of ECC among preschool children from Guangdong Province, Southern China. In addition, to assess the association of ECC with reported oral health-related behaviors.Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 2592 participants was carried out in Guangdong Province by means of an equal-sized, stratified, multistage random sampling method during December 2015 and April 2016. The participants were divided into three groups according to their ages (3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds). Half of the participants were derived from urban areas, while the other from rural areas. According to the standard for clinical dentition examination of the WHO 2013 criteria, the presence of ECC was determined by the dmft (decayed-missing-filled tooth) index using a CPI (Community Periodontal Index) probe. A questionnaire about caries-related factors was completed by each of the participants’ parents or grandparents through a face-to-face and one-on-one interview. Then, t-test, Chi2 tests, One-Way ANOVA served for statistical analysis, and logistic regression analysis as well as covariance analysis were executed to identify potential associated factors for ECC.Results: The prevalence (% dmft >0) of ECC was 68.3 (95% CI: 66.5-70.1), the mean dmft was 4.36 (95% CI: 4.17-4.55), and the filled rate was 1.2%. In multivariable modeling, associated factors for both prevalence and mean dmft were older age, rural areas, consumption of sweets before sleep, dental visit history, low household income, and low parental education level. Initiating toothbrushing after 3 years of age and being exclusively/ predominantly breastfed indicated only the prevalence; being female and frequently consuming sweetened milk/powdered milk indicated only the mean dmft.Conclusions: Preschool children in Guangdong Province, especially children from rural areas, experienced a significant amount of ECC. Associated factors for ECC included demographics, oral health measures, dietary factors, and socioeconomic factors. More attention should be given to prevention of ECC from early life. The construction of social support for oral health should be strengthened. Oral health education and promotion, especially of rural areas, should be intensified to reduce the inequality between urban and rural areas.
Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder in children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis – a Norwegian cross-sectional multicentre study
Authors: Fischer Johannes , Skeie Marit Slåttelid , Rosendahl Karen , Tylleskär Karin , Lie Stein Atle , Shi Xieqi , Gil Elisabeth Grut , Cetrelli Lena , Halbig Josefine , Marti Larissa von Wangenheim , Rygg Marite , Frid Paula , Stoustrup Peter , Rosén Annika 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background. Children and adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) may suffer pain from temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Still, routines for the assessment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain in health and dental care are lacking. The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of TMD in children and adolescents with JIA compared to their healthy peers and to investigate potential associations between JIA and TMD. Methods. This comparative cross-sectional study is part of a longitudinal multicentre study performed during 2015–2020, including 228 children and adolescents aged 4–16 years with a diagnosis of JIA according to the ILAR criteria. This particular substudy draws on a subset of data from the first study visit, including assessments of TMD as part of a broader oral health examination. Children and adolescents with JIA were matched with healthy controls according to gender, age, and centre site. Five calibrated examiners performed the clinical oral examinations according to a standardised protocol, including shortened versions of the diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD) and the former EuroTMJoint Recommendations for Clinical TMJ Assessment in Patients Diagnosed with JIA. Symptoms were recorded and followed by a clinical examination assessing the masticatory muscles and TMJs. Results. In our cohort of 221 participants with JIA and 221 healthy controls, 88 (39.8%) participants with JIA and 25 (11.3%) healthycontrols presented with TMD based on symptoms and clinical signs. Painful TMD during the last 30 days was reported in 59 (26.7%) participants with JIA vs. 10 (5.0%) of the healthy controls (p < 0.001). Vertical unassisted jaw movement was lower in participants with JIA than in controls, with means of 46.2 mm vs. 49.0 mm, respectively (p < 0.001). Among participants with JIA, a higher proportion of those using synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic-drugs and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic-drugs presented with painful masticatory muscles and TMJs at palpation.Conclusion. Symptoms and clinical signs of TMD were seen in approximately half of the JIA patients compared to about one fourth of their healthy peers. Painful palpation to masticatory muscles and decreased vertical unassisted jaw movement were more frequent in participants with JIA than among healthy controls and should be part of both medical and dental routine examinations in patients with JIA.
Right Atrial Aneurysm with Supraventricular Tachycardia and Frequent Atrial Premature: A Case Report
Authors: Chen Yuyuan , Wang Bin , Fang Ling-yun , Yang Si , Yi Aijiao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Right atrial aneurysm (RAA) is a rare form of congenital heart disease with a wide range of clinical presentation varying from asymptomatic patients to those with refractory atrial arrhythmias. Diagnosis is often confused with other causes of right atrial dilation such as Ebstein disease or idiopathic right atrial enlargement. Case presentation: We present the case of right atrial aneurysm with supraventricular tachycardia and frequent atrial premature in our institution and discuss the diagnostic challenges, the research progress of right atrial aneurysm and follow-up situation. Conclusion: RAA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of RA enlargement. Accurate diagnosis can be achieved by echocardiograph, and our report also highlights the importance of longitudinal follow-up of RAA over 5 years and the long-term regular conservative treatment for patients with supraventricular tachycardia and frequent atrial premature could be useful.