bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate change effects on irrigated agriculture: perspectives from agricultural producers in eastern Uzbekistan
Authors: Salokhiddinov A , Boirov R , Ismailov M , Mamatov S , Khakimova P , Rakhmatullaeva M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Sustainability of irrigated agricultural development has been severely impacted by global climate change in recent decades, which is among the main environmental and economic problems facing the world community. The article presents the results of the research conducted in selected areas of irrigated agriculture in eastern Uzbekistan to study the impact of climate change on agricultural production and the agricultural producer’s perspective and awareness. Major factors affecting agricultural producers’ behavior under climate change and their current practices and skills for adapting to climate change were studied. The field study has been conducted in 9 districts located in two regions of the Ferghana valley. The respondents-representatives of agricultural producers selected from the list of Farmer’s Associations members taking their location relative to irrigation water sources into account. Quantitative analysis of data carried out with the use of SPSS-22 software. As the research results show, the impact of climate change on irrigated agriculture has become incredibly tangible in the last decade. It affected the situation with losses in yields of up to 16% and decreasing the quality of agricultural products. The rural population’s vulnerability factors include low income from agriculture, acute dependence on irrigation in conditions of increasing water scarcity, low level of applied technologies, adaptation measures, low yields, land degradation, etc. Analysis of the research results, and other related studies on this issue, allows us to indicate directions for improving adaptation measures in the short, medium, and long-term periods.
Wind and current loads on a pipelaying crane vessel
Authors: Zan Y F , Guo R N , Bai X , Ma Y , Yuan L H , Huang F X 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Wind and current loads have a significant effect on crane vessel and pipelaying operations. This study analyzes a pipelaying crane vessel performing deep-water operations, and uses a computational fluid dynamics code to calculate the wind and current load and moment coefficients of the vessel during its operations. The simulation conditions are set to be identical to those of wind tunnel tests, and the crane vessel hull is divided into upper and lower parts, with the upper part influenced by the wind loads and the lower part influenced by the current loads. In this work, 3D hull models were constructed, and k-ε turbulence models were solved by the Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes Equations. The wind and current loads on the hull model are obtained for 50 wind and current angle combinations. The simulation results are found to be in good agreement (within 10%) with the wind tunnel test results for most headings, verifying the feasibility of the numerical simulation method. Finally, the characteristics of the load coefficients are generalized.
Hydrological response to future precipitation extremes under climate change
Authors: Li G H , Chen Z N , Li J , Wen X 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Adaptive management of future flood disasters is necessary under climate change. In this study, a Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution based statistical model was established to simulate historical and future precipitation extremes in the Xin’an River basin, and the vertical mixed runoff model was driven by future precipitation extremes to simulate the hydrological response to extreme flood events. Compared to precipitation events for the period 1951-2017, the intensity of monthly extreme precipitation for the period 2020-2099 would be increased by 10.4%, 11.0% and 11.4% at a 10-, 20- and 50-year return period, respectively. Future precipitation extremes with a 10-, 20- and 50-year return period were used to drive the calibrated vertical mixed flow model and to simulate the hydrological response of the Xin’an River basin. The runoff peak is increased from 4930 m3/s for p=10% to 6525 m3/s for p=2%, while the flood volume is increased from 4.26 billion m3 for p=10% to 5.68 billion m3 for p=2%, respectively. The hydrological response to precipitation extremes identified herein can serve as a foundation for adaptive flood control operation in the future.
Application of GA-BP neural network model for small watershed flood forecasting in Chun’an county, China
Authors: Huang D J , Tian C C , Jiang J Y 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Flood forecasting for small basins in hilly areas is often plagued by poor performance of hydrological models due to lack of observed data, meanwhile, the traditional Back Propagation (BP) neural network is easy to fall into the local minimum. This paper put forward an approach combined Genetic Algorithms (GA) with BP neural network and established a GA-BP neural network model to promote the flood forecasting. The flood hygrograph of Fenglingang small watershed, in Chun’an county, simulated by GA-BP model indicates that the deviation of runoff volumes is controlled within 10%, the deviation of peak discharge is kept below 20%, and absolute error of time to peak is less than 2h. Additionally, the correlation coefficient of simulation result of GA-BP model for each rainstorm event is above 0.75, which is smaller than that of traditional BP model. Consequently, it is demonstrated that the GA-BP model has a higher simulation precision and can provide reference for local forecasting in the future.
Characteristic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their sources in surface water in North China
Authors: Zhang J , Wang Y Z , Meng X Z , Zhang S L , Xu W 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in nine typical surface water sources in North China have been analyzed by solid phase extraction-gas chromatography tandem triple four-stage mass spectrometry (SPE-GC-MS-MS). The results showed that eleven in sixteen PAHs were detected except BkFL, BaP, InP, BghiP and DBA. The range of total PAHs in spring water body of nine water sources is 23.76-71.47 ng/L, and that is 83.72-277.8 ng/L in summer. The results showed that the seasonal pollution of PAHs was significantly different, and the pollution status of PAHs in summer was significantly higher than that in spring because the non-point source pollutants including PAHs would easily enter surface water sources with rainfall-runoff. The results also showed the PAHs are mainly composed of medium and low cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (2-3 rings). In addition, the ratios of Ant/(Phe+Ant), Flu/(Pyr+Flu) and BaA/(BaA+Chr) indicate the PAHs pollutants should be mainly from coal and wood burning in the upstream area of these water sources, entering water sources through surface runoff, which is not obviously affected by the pollution of oil leakage and discharge. Generally, the concentration of the PAHs in surface water sources in North China is still lower, but it is suggested that we should pay more attention to PAHs risk assessment for the drinking water sources.
Analysis of the relation between meander river transformation and soil classification in urban area
Authors: Murniningsih S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In general, the profile of longitudinal river flow can be divided into 3 zones i.e. source zone is the headwater or upstream part of the river, transition zone or middlestream and floodplain zone or downstream zone. Urban area usually located at downstream zone which is river section has a meander pattern therefore its many problem prone to this area, for instance, bank erosion, flood disaster at the housing area along the meander curve. Once of approach to solve this problem, especially minimize of flood disaster, is normalized the river with cutting off meander curve. However, there are several studies show that cutting off the curve of meander results in channel instability on sediment transport and environment problem. Therefore, the study of the relation between meander transformation and riverbed soil classification should be needed to avoid a misstep. Area of study is Pesanggrahan River located at the western part of Jakarta Province. When viewed from the entire river section, Pesanggrahan River passing through an urban area that has been developed and riverbed material composition at downstream zone usually are clay, silt and sand. The previous research findings concluded that soil composition with a high percentage of silt, i.e. sandysilt, would be change rapidly compare than soil composition with a low percentage of silt, i.e. clayeysilt. Hence, the hypothesa of this research is meander curve with soil classification low percentage of silt are more stable than soil composition of high percentage of silt and meander curve that have not transform for a long time and it’s not recommended to cutting off to maintain the watershed ecosystem as a whole.
Analysis on the suitability for port construction of shoreline resources of Zhoushan Archipelago
Authors: Liu Z Y , Yang L , Zhang J , Zuo G C , Zhang Y J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Port coastline resources are important marine resources. Coastal ports are not only important infrastructures for national economic and social development, but also important pillar industries and prominent growth points for the marine economy. Zhoushan Archipelago has rich coastline resources, but its unique island environment limits its transportation conditions, which make the methods of suitability evaluation different from the evaluation method of continents’. Taking Zhoushan as an example, this paper studied the evaluation method of port shoreline resources on the island shoreline, so as to provide scientific basis for port coastline resource utilization and sea-use planning.
New Capital Cities: A Timeless Mega-project of Intercontinental Presence
Authors: Ghalib Hebatullah , Elkhorazaty Mohamed Tamer , Serag Yehya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Mega-projects are projects that require immense resources to create. This includes all different aspects; funding, labour, etc. These projects are meant to create a massive effect on the city or national level through providing job opportunities during construction as well as after completion. Moreover, these projects usually have an intercontinental effect that echoes worldwide and may affect other projects, cities or even countries either positively or negatively. Mega-projects are not restricted to certain project typologies; in fact they range from Olympic cities to water dams and channels. We can even claim that the first mega-project was the great pyramid. Mega-projects can also be linked to mega-events thus achieving more international acknowledgement. This paper discusses the creation of new capital cities as a mega-project typology. It analyzes different examples worldwide where a new capital city was created to act as a mega-project that would create ripples of economic and urban development through a country. The capitals of Brazil, Kazakhstan and Egypt are studied to display the authors view of them as mega-projects that have the same function but span across time, space and cultures.
Convective Heat Transfer Inside Planar Solar Collectors
Authors: Ficker Tomáš 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
There is a permanent interest in improving the construction and thermal properties of the planar solar collectors. Minimizing the heat losses of the collectors and improving their energy gains are some of the relevant research goals. Convective heat transfer inside the cavity of planar collectors has been determined theoretically and numerically in this conference contribution. The convective heat transfer is computed on the basis of physical relations using the correlation relations of Nusselt’s number. The Nusselt number has been expressed by means of Rayleigh’s and Prandtl’s numbers. The convective heat transfer inside the cavities of planar solar collectors represents essential part of heat losses that lower the effectiveness of these collectors. In this conference contribution the convective heat losses have been compared with the standard density of heat flow coming from the Sun and the corresponding energy ratio has been determined. It has been shown that this ratio amounts almost 10 %. A typical summer environment has been supposed with a standard sunshine reaching 1000 Wm−2. The common type of the planar solar collector with geometrical dimensions 2m x 1m x 0.05m and cavity filled by air has been investigated. The temperature of the absorber has been supposed to be 70 °C whereas the temperature of the glass plate placed on the top side of the collector has been assumed to be 35 °C.
Heat Losses of Window Compact Shutters
Authors: Ficker Tomáš 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Window shutters are usually made of wood. They protect glazed windows at their external sides from mechanical damages and inconvenient weather conditions. A typical window compact shutter is described and its thermal properties are discussed. In winter season, the heat transfers inside the window shutters represent unwanted heat losses. These transfers of heat are caused especially by convection and radiation running between the warm glazed side of the window to the cold external side of the shutter and through this external side into outdoor space. The heat transfers are computed on the basis of physical relations. The computation of convective heat transfer is based on the correlation relations utilizing Rayleigh’s and Prandtl’s numbers. The radiative transfer is computed by means of the Stefan-Boltzmann law and the Kirchhoff law. The thermal resistance of the typical shutter is derived. It is shown that this resistance is temperature dependent. It is the radiation that is responsible for the temperature dependency of the thermal resistance of compact window shutters. The formula for thermal resistance derived in this contribution may assist the building technologists to evaluate insulation capabilities of similar compact shutters possessing comparable geometric dimensions and similar thermal emissivities.
Health-Promoting Places: Rain Gardens and Sustainable Water Management
Authors: Trojanowska Monika 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
What are the qualities of health-promoting places? Is the presence of water necessary? The rain gardens which are collecting the stormwater could become the dynamic elements of the urban landscape. Apart from ecological services they can also benefit human health. This paper presents two examples of sustainable water management in Gdynia, Poland and one in Asnièrs, close to Paris in France. The rain garden constructed near InfoBox in Gdynia is a good example of the implementation of the city environmental policy on a small scale. This rain garden in a planter helped to create an inviting place. Another rain garden developed as a part of the urban regeneration strategy in the northern part of Gdynia proves that such investment could make a huge difference in the quality of local living. A previously neglected space became lively and inviting. The Rue Soeur Valerie in Asnièrs is a good example of how to create a friendly, walkable street using a sustainable water drainage system. This paper discusses the positive health impact of water management.
Numerical Investigation of an Atypical Building in Turbulent Wind Flow
Authors: Hubova Olga , Macak Marek 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the numerical investigation of wind flow and wind pressure distribution on an atypical building and influence of wind direction on the external wind pressure coefficients. The analysis and computer simulation have been solved due to the collapse of the bottom of the overhanging parts that have been damaged by a strong wind. In the first phase, the selected building and its surroundings were investigated using CFD simulation. We chose the finite volume method implemented into the program ANSYS Fluent, which offers several turbulence models. RANS k-ε model was used for our solution for near-wall treatment; the standard wall functions by Launder and Spalding were used. Additional inputs for the k-ε model are equations for turbulent kinetic energy k and turbulence dissipation rate ε. Size of the computational domain was used according to the recommended value of block ratio of 3%. The wind pressures obtained at the bottom of the ceiling were comparable with the Eurocode values and were not significantly higher. In the second phase, we tested the pressure distribution at the bottom of the suspended ceiling, assuming that the wind could enter the interspace of the ceiling. In the north wind direction, the streets around the building accelerate the wind flow, the wind runs down on the building’s façade and gets in the bottom of the suspended ceiling through the openings and tears off the soffit because the resulting pressures are significantly higher than the Eurocode values for roofs.
Development of Force Limiters in Mobile Rod Structures of Demountable Type
Authors: Shmelev Gennady , Pugacheva Natalya , Khaidarov Lenar , Antonov Anatoly , Gimazetdinov Aivaz , Sibgatullin Marat , Galimullin Ilshat , Badrutdinov Marat , Farah Reda 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Large-scale mass events (sports, entertainment, etc.) require safe and high-quality organization of the visual and stage sector, so there is a need for pre-fabricated and mobile rod structures. To solve such problems, it is convenient to use the Layher system of modular building structures. The criterion for design failure is the failure of one of the most loaded elements, even when the entire system as a whole still has some resource. Compensating devices can be a solution to this problem. This study solves the problem of redistribution of forces in the rods using compensating devices, taking into account the stress state of the rod system. In the event of failure of one or more elements, their internal forces are redistributed between adjacent elements in proportion to their stiffness, so spatial rod systems can fairly well resist progressive destruction. However, the destroyed element does not carry any further load and adjacent elements can also fail. Compensating devices leave overstressed rods in operation and thus increase the load-bearing capacity of the rod system. The invention relates to the field of construction and mechanical engineering, namely to rod metal structures and their elements that work on tension or compression, primarily in statically indeterminate systems. The purpose of the invention is to obtain stable axial forces in a limited range separately for compression and stretching with the possibility of adjusting their size and length of the element. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the process of manufacturing the force limiter, which includes coaxial rod elements with a collet clip, the contact surfaces are made with ring waves (teeth), which can have a sinusoidal, triangular and trapezoidal profile with different angles of inclination of the sides. The height and pitch of the ring waves are assigned from the conditions for performing the calculated range and speed of loads, and the angle of inclination of the profiles from the conditions for ensuring different rates of change in forces (compression/stretching). Arbitrary schemes have been studied, the use of compensating devices in which allows reducing the metal content of the structure by 20%. A compensating device was developed and calculated. An experiment was conducted to identify the redistribution of forces between elements when using compensating devices: the results generally coincide with theoretical calculations.
Reconstruction of the Technical Condition of Concrete Airfield Pavements with the Use of Prefabricated Slab Technology
Authors: Świerzewski Bartosz , Wesołowski Mariusz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The rapidly growing civil aviation industry is primarily an increase in the number of air operations, both in passenger and cargo traffic. This leads to an increase in the impact of aircraft on airfield pavement structures and, consequently, to an intensive operation process. Concrete airfield pavements occurring at airports in Poland, but also around the world, cover a wide spectrum, starting from newly built surfaces, used ones as well as those that are subject to renovation. Particular attention should be paid to pavements in the process of operation and pavements which age exceeds the designed useful life and which are already subject to renovation works. Basic types of failures can be identified on concrete airfield pavements including surface failures (e.g. spalling, cracks), local failures (e.g. pop-outs, corner cracks), linear failures (e.g. meander cracks, decrements of the pourable sealing compound in expansion gaps). Currently, where in many cases there is an urgent need to repair damaged pavement, companies and organizations responsible for road/airport construction are looking for new and innovative technologies, including prefabricated concrete pavement technologies, which can ensure effective repairs in a very short time, without closing the given lane or the entire airport. Due to the fact that the age of currently used airfield concrete pavements in Poland often exceeds 30 years, it became necessary to search for effective and fast technologies to improve their technical condition. This article summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field of existing prefabricated concrete technologies used at airports in Poland and worldwide. In addition, an innovative technology of using a prefabricated concrete slab has been described, intended for reconstruction of damaged, local airfield pavements in Poland, which were qualified for renovation due to the direct threat to the safety of aircraft operations. The technology guarantees the reconstruction and even improvement of the load capacity of the replaced airfield panels, which was confirmed during laboratory and field tests and verified practically in the process of real operation by air traffic. In addition, the concept of further research on the development of this technology based on cooperation with neighbouring panels using dowel joints will be presented.