bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of interstitial lung disease and simultaneous lung cancer on therapeutic possibilities and survival
Authors: Barczi Eniko , Nagy Tamas , Starobinski Livia , Kolonics‐Farkas Abigel , Eszes Noemi , Bohacs Aniko , Tarnoki Adam Domonkos , Tarnoki David Laszlo , Müller Veronika 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundFibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are associated with poor survival and an increased risk of developing lung cancer (LC). Patient and LC characteristics, therapeutic possibilities and survival in this rare patient population are not well established.MethodsFibrosing ILD patients treated at the Department of Pulmonology Semmelweis University were reviewed retrospectively between 2012–2018 (N = 160). All patients with concomitant LC (N = 23) underwent detailed pulmonary evaluation. Cancer characteristics including driver mutation data, as well as therapy and survival were analyzed.ResultsILD‐LC patients (56% men, mean age 73 ± 6 years) had mild‐moderate lung functional impairment (forced vital capacity [FVC]: 80 ± 24%ref., forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1]: 76 ± 27%ref.; transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide [TLCO]: 62 ± 25% reference). In 56% of cases histology confirmed adenocarcinoma followed by squamous cell carcinoma in 26%. Lobectomy could only be performed in one case; driver mutation was present in one patient. Chemotherapy was most commonly administered; however, 26% could only receive supportive palliative care. Four idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients received concomitant nintedanib to their LC treatment. Median survival of ILD‐LC patients was only 321 days.ConclusionsDiagnosis and therapy of ILD‐LC is challenging and patients have a very limited survival. A significant proportion of patients could only receive palliative care indicating the need for better management strategies in this special patient population. The evaluation of the effect of cotreatment with antifibrotics needs further study.Key points
Interstitial lung diseases are often associated with lung cancer
Diagnosis is challenging and therapy often limited due to underlying lung disease. Patients received platinum based chemotherapy or only supportive care.
Quantifying the recent expansion of native invasive rush species in a UK upland environment
Authors: Ashby Mark A. , Whyatt James Duncan , Rogers Karen , Marrs Rob H. , Stevens Carly J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRushes, such as soft rush (Juncus effusus L.), hard rush (Juncus inflexus L.), and compact rush (Juncus conglomeratus L.) have become problem species within upland grasslands across the United Kingdom and the coastal grasslands of western Norway. Indeed, being largely unpalatable to livestock and having a vigorous reproductive ecology means that they can rapidly come to dominate swards. However, rush dominance results in a reduction in grassland biodiversity and farm productivity. Anecdotal evidence from the United Kingdom suggests that rush cover within marginal upland grasslands has increased considerably in recent decades. Yet, there is currently no published evidence to support this observation. Here, we use recent and historical Google Earth imagery to measure changes in rush frequency over a 13‐year period within four survey years: 2005, 2009, 2015, and 2018. During each survey year, we quantified rush presence or absence using a series of quadrats located within 300 upland grassland plots in the West Pennine Moors, United Kingdom. Data were analysed in two stages, first, by calculating mean rush frequencies per sample year using all the available plot‐year combinations (the full dataset), and second by examining differences in rush frequency using only the plots for which rush frequency data were available in every sample year (the continuous dataset). The full dataset indicated that rush frequency has increased by 82% between 2005 and 2018. Similarly, the continuous dataset suggested that rush frequency has increased by 174% over the same period, with the increases in frequency being statistically significant (p < .05) between 2005–2018 and 2009–2018. We discuss the potential drivers of rush expansion in the West Pennine Moors, the ecological and agronomic implications of grassland rush infestations, and priorities for future research.
Endangered Pinzgauer cattle subtype Jochberger Hummel are genetically distinct
Authors: Brenig B. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryAutochthonous cattle breeds are an important part of cultural heritage and reservoir of genetic diversity. Usually, such breeds have been selected over centuries and reflect adaptation to a specific local environment and human demands. However, owing to low effective population size in conjunction with increased inbreeding and genetic drift, many of these lineages are threatened with extinction. The Jochberger Hummel (‘Jochberger Bumblebee’) is such an endangered subtype of the Pinzgauer cattle originating from a single polled female calf. To evaluate the suspected uniqueness of this subtype and to assess whether it should be kept separate or managed together with the Pinzgauer cattle as one population, I examined the genetic diversity in a set of 844 cattle (Angus, Charolais, Holstein, Jochberger Hummel, Pinzgauer, Uckermaerker and Tux‐Zillertaler) using principal component and biogeographical ancestry analysis. The analysis showed that the Jochberger Hummel is still a distinct subtype of Pinzgauer cattle with less than 5% admixture and a low inbreeding coefficient.
MEFV c.2230G>T p.(Ala744Ser) rs61732874 previously misclassified as pathogenic variant due to lack of a population specific database
Authors: Alsubaie Lamia , Alkhalaf Randa , Aloraini Taghrid , Amoudi Manal , Swaid Abdulrahman , Al Mutairi Fuad , Alfadhel Majid , Eyaid1 Wafaa , Sewairi Wafaa , Alfares Ahmed 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundFamilial Mediterranean fever is a hereditary inflammatory disorder caused by variants in MEFV. c.2230G>T p.(Ala744Ser) rs61732874 is considered to be an established pathogenic variant in MEFV, but in this study we provide a complete evaluation that suggests this variant is likely benign.MethodsUsing an in‐house exome database from 924 individuals, we extracted all individuals harboring this variant for clinical, laboratory, and familial evaluation.ResultsWe identified the variant in 58 individuals from 39 families. The allele frequency of this variant in our database is 4.2%. None of the identified individuals match the diagnosis of Familial Mediterranean Fever. Using the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines for variant classification, this variant is classified as likely benign and not pathogenic.ConclusionConflicting evidence about variants creates challenges for testing laboratories and impacts patient care. Sharing information drawn mainly from underrepresented populations and clinical phenotyping are important tools for precise curation of genetic variants.
Breast shield design impacts milk removal dynamics during pumping: A randomized controlled non‐inferiority trial
Authors: Sakalidis Vanessa S. , Ivarsson Lennart , Haynes Alan G. , Jäger Linda , Schärer‐Hernández Nania G. , Mitoulas Leon R. , Prime Danielle K. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionWhile many studies have investigated the importance of optimizing pumping patterns for milk removal, the influence of breast shield design on milk removal has not been the focus of extensive investigation. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of breast shields with either a 105° or a 90° flange opening angle on breast drainage and milk volume expressed during pumping.Material and methodsThis study was a cross‐over, randomized controlled non‐inferiority trial (Registration; NCT03091985). Mothers (n = 49) of breastfeeding infants participated in the study over two study sessions. Participants were randomly assigned to pump both breasts simultaneously for 15 minutes with either the 105° or 90° breast shield in the first session, and the other shield in the second session. Effectiveness (breast drainage) and efficiency (volume expressed) of both breast shields were assessed after 15 minutes of pumping. Intention‐to‐treat and per protocol analyses were performed to determine if the 105° breast shield was non‐inferior to the 90° breast shield for breast drainage and volume expressed. Perceived comfort was assessed via questionnaire.ResultsThe 105° breast shield was both non‐inferior and superior compared to the standard 90° shield for breast drainage (intention‐to‐treat, 3.87% (0.01‐7.72), P = .049) and volume expressed (intention‐to‐treat, 9.14 mL (1.37‐16.91), P=.02). In addition, the 105° shield was rated as feeling more comfortable (P < .001) and as having an improved fit to the breast (P < .001) compared to the 90° shield.ConclusionsExpressing with the 105° breast shield was more efficient, effective and comfortable compared to the 90° shield. Breast shield design can significantly impact pumping outcomes, and an opening angle of 105° improves both the dynamics and comfort of milk removal.
Survival of very elderly patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma according to treatment intensity in the immunochemotherapy era: a Swedish Lymphoma Register study
Authors: Sonnevi Kristina , Wästerlid Tove , Melén Christopher M. , Harrysson Sara , Smedby Karin E. , Wahlin Björn E. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) incidence rises with increasing age. Rituximab‐anthracycline‐based regimens offer a potential cure but also risks of adverse events, especially in the elderly. Using Swedish registers, we conducted a nationwide, population‐based study of DLBCL in the very elderly. We obtained information on clinical characteristics, residence, comorbidity, therapy and survival for the 1194 patients aged ≥80 years diagnosed in Sweden 2007–2014. To address selection bias, we also investigated treatment differences between Sweden’s Healthcare Regions and whether there were survival differences between the Regions. The 2‐year overall and relative survivals were better in patients aged ≥80 years given treatment with curative intent (54%; 64%) than low‐intensity (26%; 33%), or palliative treatment (6%; 7%). The fraction of patients treated with curative intent varied between the Healthcare Regions (45–76%). Survival was significantly inferior in Regions with few patients treated with curative intent (multivariable hazard ratio 1.3, 95% confidence interval 1.1–1.6). When treatment intensity and Regions competed, Regions were no longer independent, suggesting that Regional survival differences are due to therapeutic differences. Furthermore, we found that the age‐adjusted International Prognostic Index was independently associated with survival. We conclude that patients aged ≥80 years with DLBCL appear to benefit from rituximab‐anthracycline‐based treatment given with curative intent.
Avoiding deep pelvic complications using a ‘Five‐Step’ technique for high submuscular placement of inflatable penile prosthesis reservoirs
Authors: Baumgarten Adam S. , Kavoussi Mehraban , VanDyke Maia E. , Ortiz Nicolas M. , Khouri Roger K. , Ward Ellen E. , Hudak Steven J. , Morey Allen F. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesTo compare our extended experience with high submuscular (HSM) reservoir placement to traditional space of Retzius (SOR) placement and to present our current, refined ‘Five‐Step’ technique (FST) for HSM placement.Patients and MethodsData were retrospectively collected on patients undergoing inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) placement between January 2009 and June 2019. Re‐operative cases were excluded. Reservoir‐related complications and subsequent revisions were compared between SOR (2009–2012) and HSM reservoir groups (2012–2019). HSM patients were subdivided into two cohorts: ‘Initial Technique’ (2012–2014) and FST (2014–2019). The refined FST protocol was developed in 2014 to optimise outcomes and includes the following steps: (i) Position and Access; (ii) Develop Lower HSM Pocket; (iii) Develop Upper HSM Pocket; (iv) Reservoir Delivery (fill and fine‐tune); (v) Confirm and Connect.ResultsBetween January 2009 and June 2019, 733 total IPP procedures (586 HSM, 147 SOR) were performed by a single surgeon at our institution, 561 of which were virgin cases (430 HSM, 131 SOR) and included in this analysis. Overall, surgical revision was required in 10/430 (2.3%) HSM cases (one delayed bowel obstruction, nine herniations) and six of 131 (4.6%) SOR cases (one bladder erosion, two vascular injuries, and three herniations, P = 0.22). When comparing the FST to the Initial Technique, we noted a significant decrease in complications requiring surgical revision (P = 0.01). Among 133 cases performed with the Initial Technique, seven (5.3%) required surgical revision (one bowel obstruction after placement into the peritoneal cavity, six herniations). Among 297 FST cases, three (1.0%) required revision, all due to herniation.ConclusionHSM placement of IPP reservoirs is a safe alternative to traditional SOR placement. Major deep pelvic reservoir complications were minimised using our current refined FST.
A tailored rhomboid mucocutaneous advancement flap to treat anal stenosis
Authors: Gallo G. , Stratta E. , Realis Luc A. , Clerico G. , Trompetto M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimAnal stenosis (AS) is a rare but disabling disorder that often represents a complication of anorectal surgery. The aim of our study was to assess the safety and functional outcome of a modified rhomboid flap (MRF) in the treatment of moderate and severe AS.MethodsBetween January 2002 and September 2017, 50 consecutive patients with moderate and severe AS who underwent an MRF were retrospectively included. Anal continence (Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score) and symptoms (Obstructed Defaecation Syndrome Score) were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 12 months. Furthermore, anal calibre was measured both preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 6 and 12 months.ResultsThe mean follow‐up period was 97 ± 48.3 (33–180) months. The main aetiology was a previous excisional haemorrhoidectomy (N = 23; 46%). The mean preoperative anal calibre was 9.96 ± 2.68 (5–15) mm and there was a statistically significant improvement in all three periods (P < 0.0001) of postoperative evaluation (1, 6 and 12 months) with a mean difference, obtained comparing preoperative and 12 months anal calibre, of 14.1 ± 2.72 (P < 0.0001). Statistically significant improvement in both Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score and Obstructed Defaecation Syndrome Score was observed in all patients at 12 months. The overall success rate was 96% (48/50 patients).ConclusionThe use of an MRF is a safe and suitable option for the treatment of moderate and severe AS. The possibility of tailoring the flap, based on the degree as well as the level of AS, is the key.
Public attitudes toward biodiversity‐friendly greenspace management in Europe
Authors: Fischer Leonie K. , Neuenkamp Lena , Lampinen Jussi , Tuomi Maria , Alday Josu G. , Bucharova Anna , Cancellieri Laura , Casado‐Arzuaga Izaskun , Čeplová Natálie , Cerveró Lluïsa , Deák Balázs , Eriksson Ove , Fellowes Mark D. E. , Fernández de Manuel Beatriz , Filibeck Goffredo , González‐Guzmán Adrián , Hinojosa M. Belen , Kowarik Ingo , Lumbierres Belén , Miguel Ana , Pardo Rosa , Pons Xavier , Rodríguez‐García Encarna , Schröder Roland , Gaia Sperandii Marta , Unterweger Philipp , Valkó Orsolya , Vázquez Víctor , Klaus Valentin H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIncreasing urbanization worldwide calls for more sustainable urban development. Simultaneously, the global biodiversity crisis accentuates the need of fostering biodiversity within cities. Policies supporting urban nature conservation need to understand people's acceptance of biodiversity‐friendly greenspace management. We surveyed more than 2,000 people in 19 European cities about their attitudes toward near‐natural urban grassland management in public greenspaces, and related their responses to nine sociocultural parameters. Results reveal that people across Europe can support urban biodiversity, yet within the frames of a generally tidy appearance of public greenery. Younger people and those using greenspaces for a greater variety of activities were more likely to favor biodiversity‐friendly greenspace management. Additionally, people who were aware of the meaning of biodiversity and those stating responsibility for biodiversity conservation particularly supported biodiversity‐friendly greenspace management. Our results point at explicit measures like environmental education to increase public acceptance of policies that facilitate nature conservation within cities.
Health‐related quality of life and functional impairment in acute vestibular disorders
Authors: Möhwald K. , Hadzhikolev H. , Bardins S. , Becker‐Bense S. , Brandt T. , Grill E. , Jahn K. , Dieterich M. , Zwergal A. 
Published: May 2020

Background and purposeAcute vestibular symptoms have a profound impact on patients’ well‐being. In this study, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and functional impairment were investigated prospectively in patients with different peripheral and central vestibular disorders during the acute symptomatic stage to decipher the most relevant underlying factors.MethodsIn all, 175 patients with acute vestibular disorders were categorized as central vestibular (CV, n = 40), peripheral vestibular (PV, n = 68) and episodic vestibular disorders (EV, n = 67). All patients completed scores to quantify generic HRQoL (European Quality of Life Score Five Dimensions Five Levels, EQ‐5D‐5L) and disease‐specific HRQoL (Dizziness Handicap Inventory, DHI). Vestibular‐ocular motor signs were assessed by video‐oculography, vestibular‐spinal control by posturography and verticality perception by measurement of subjective visual vertical.ResultsPatients with PV had a poorer HRQoL compared to patients with CV and EV (EQ‐5D‐5L/DHI: PV, 0.53 ± 0.31/56.1 ± 19.7; CV, 0.66 ± 0.28/43.3 ± 24.0; EV, 0.75 ± 0.24/46.7 ± 21.4). After adjusting for age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors and non‐vestibular brainstem/cerebellar dysfunction patients with PV persisted to have poorer generic and disease‐specific HRQoL (EQ‐5D‐5L −0.17, DHI +11.2) than patients with CV. Horizontal spontaneous nystagmus was a highly relevant factor for subgroup differences in EQ‐5D‐5L and DHI, whilst vertical spontaneous nystagmus, subjective visual vertical and sway path were not. EQ‐5D‐5L decreased significantly with more intense horizontal subjective visual vertical in CV (rho = −0.57) and PV (rho = −0.5) but not EV (rho = −0.13).ConclusionsPatients with PV have the highest functional impairment of all patients with acute vestibular disorders. Vestibular‐ocular motor disturbance in the yaw plane has more impact than vestibular‐spinal or vestibular‐perceptive asymmetry in the roll and pitch plane, suggesting that horizontal visual stability is the most critical for HRQoL.
Association of IL1R2 rs34043159 with sporadic Alzheimer’s disease in southern Han Chinese
Authors: Chen K. , Tang Y. , Zhao X. , Hou C. , Li G. , Zhang B. 
Published: May 2020

Background and purposeThe objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between IL1R2 rs34043159 and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the Chinese population.MethodsA total of 500 AD patients and 500 healthy controls were recruited. The SNaPshot technique was used to detect IL1R2 rs34043159.ResultsThe dominant and recessive models of IL1R2 rs34043159 were associated with AD with or without adjustment of age, gender and education [dominant model, P = 0.019, odds ratio (OR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.89, adjusted; recessive model, P = 0.011, OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.51–0.92, adjusted]. The recessive model of IL1R2 rs34043159 was associated with early‐onset AD (EOAD) with or without adjustment of age, gender and education (recessive model, P = 0.038, OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.37–0.97, adjusted). The additive model was associated with late‐onset AD (LOAD) (P = 0.041). The dominant model of IL1R2 rs34043159 was associated with LOAD with or without adjustment of age, gender and education (dominant model, P = 0.005, OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.17–2.44, adjusted).ConclusionAn association between the dominant and recessive model of IL1R2 rs34043159 and AD was found. The recessive model of IL1R2 rs34043159 was associated with EOAD. The additive and dominant models of IL1R2 rs34043159 were associated with LOAD.
Argyrophilic grain disease in individuals younger than 75 years: clinical variability in an under‐recognized limbic tauopathy
Authors: Wurm R. , Klotz S. , Rahimi J. , Katzenschlager R. , Lindeck‐Pozza E. , Regelsberger G. , Danics K. , Kapas I. , Bíró Z. A. , Stögmann E. , Gelpi E. , Kovacs G. G. 
Published: May 2020

Background and purposeArgyrophilic grain disease (AGD) is a limbic‐predominant 4R‐tauopathy. AGD is thought to be an age‐related disorder and is frequently detected as a concomitant pathology with other neurodegenerative conditions. There is a paucity of data on the clinical phenotype of pure AGD. In elderly patients, however, AGD pathology frequently associates with cognitive decline, personality changes, urine incontinence and cachexia. In this study, clinicopathological findings were analysed in individuals younger than 75.MethodsPatients were identified retrospectively based on neuropathological examinations during 2006–2017 and selected when AGD was the primary and dominant pathological finding. Clinical data were obtained retrospectively through medical records.ResultsIn all, 55 patients (2% of all examinations performed during that period) with AGD were identified. In seven cases (13%) AGD was the primary neuropathological diagnosis without significant concomitant pathologies. Two patients were female, median age at the time of death was 64 years (range 51–74) and the median duration of disease was 3 months (range 0.5–36). The most frequent symptoms were progressive cognitive decline, urinary incontinence, seizures and psychiatric symptoms. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed mild temporal atrophy.ConclusionsArgyrophilic grain disease is a rarely recognized limbic tauopathy in younger individuals. Widening the clinicopathological spectrum of tauopathies may allow identification of further patients who could benefit from tau‐based therapeutic strategies.
Effect of different surface treatments of human occlusal sclerotic dentin on micro‐tensile bond strength to resin composite core material
Authors: Kwansirikul Anawat , Sae‐Lee Daraporn , Angwaravong Onauma , Angwarawong Thidarat 
Published: May 2020

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the micro‐tensile bond strength (μTBS) of composite bonded to human occlusal sclerotic dentin following different surface treatments to determine the sclerotic dentin morphology. Human molars without (normal dentin; group 1) or with occlusal wear (sclerotic dentin; groups 2–5) were divided and subjected to different surface treatments, including the normal protocol for the Contax self‐etch bonding system (group 1 and 2); doubled etch‐prime time (group 3); pre‐conditioning with 37% phosphoric acid before normal protocol (group 4); or pre‐conditioning with 37% phosphoric acid before doubling the self‐etching time (group 5). All teeth were restored with composite (Luxacore Z dual), sectioned into stick specimens and stored for 24 h in water before specimens were subjected to the μTBS test (n = 50 per group). The μTBS of normal dentin was not statistically significantly different from that of the sclerotic dentin groups, except for the doubled etch‐prime time group which showed lower μTBS. Sclerotic dentin pre‐treated with phosphoric acid resulted in less sclerotic casts and wider dentinal tubules, while doubled etch‐prime time did not alter the morphology, as shown by scanning electron microscopy. In conclusion, the use of 37% phosphoric acid before applying self‐etch bonding resulted in more tubule openings and a significantly higher μTBS when compared with the doubled etch‐prime time group.