bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of isoflurane, ketamine and dantrolene on apoptosis in the rat hippocampus
Authors: KARTAL Seyfi , GÜNAYDIN Berrin , BARUN Süreyya , ELMAS Çiğdem 
Published: September 2020

Aim: Since both isoflurane and ketamine were already known to cause neurodegenerative apoptotic effects and dantrolene was known to inhibit degeneration, we investigated whether dantrolene could play a cytoprotective role under isoflurane and/or ketamine anesthesia. Therefore, we aimed to determine caspase activation as a marker of apoptosis in hippocampus (CA1 and dentate gyrus regions) of rats exposed to either administration of isoflurane with or without ketamine and dantrolene or isoflurane+ketamine+dantrolene.
Material and Methods: Thirty Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to five groups. Only oxygen 100% was administered into the closed cage for 2 hours in the control group (group A) whereas in the four study groups (as B,C,D and E), either 1.4% isoflurane alone in 100% oxygen was administered (group B) or 1.4% isoflurane in 100% oxygen was administered 60 minutes after intraperitoneal (ip) injection of dantrolene 10 mg/kg (group C), subcutaneous (sc) ketamine 40 mg/kg (group D) or ip dantrolene + sc ketamine (group E). Rats were sacrified to perform histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis (hematoxylin staining caspase activation).
Results: Isoflurane alone (group B) and isoflurane+ketamine (group D) exposure to rats resulted in a significantly increased caspase activation when compared to control (group A) and dantrolene inhibited isoflurane + ketamine induced apoptosis in the hippocampus. Conclusion: Isoflurane with or without ketamine caused neuroapoptosis in rats and dantrolene attenuated the apoptotic effect of both isoflurane and isoflurane+ketamine by decreasing caspase activation. These results might have an important promising role in anesthetic choice for specific susceptible group after further clinical studies.
The Caring Attitudes for Environment of Lanting Householders as a Learning Resource on Social Studies
Authors: Ahya Rahmad Rizaldi , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Rahman Akhmad Munaya 
Published: September 2020

Sikap peduli lingkungan merupakan satu aspek yang penting untuk diajarkan kepada kepada peserta didik, untuk menumbuhkan pemahaman kepada peserta didik mengenai lingkungan, sehingga mereka memiliki sikap untuk selalu menjaga dan melestarikan lingkungan. Pembelajaran IPS merupakan mata pelajaran yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menanamkan sikap peduli lingkungan kepada peserta didik, melalui pemanfaatan sumber belajar. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan sikap peduli lingkungan masyarakat di rumah lanting, serta keterkaitannya sebagai sumber belajar IPS.. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari hasil observasi dan wawancara di lingkungan masyarakat penghuni rumah lanting. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat penghuni rumah lanting. Analisis data yang digunakan reduksi data, kemudian penyajian data, dan terakhir yaitu verifikasi. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa terdapat empat sikap peduli lingkungan penghuni rumah lanting, yaitu (1)tidak membuang sampah sembarangan ke sungai, (2) menggunakan produk ramah lingkungan, (3) melakukan kebersihan lingkungan sekitar rumah lanting, (4) mendaur ulang sampah. Sikap peduli lingkungan penghuni rumah lanting dapat digunakan sebagai sumber belajar IPS pada materi keragaman etnik dan budaya, dinamika interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan, dan interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan alam sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi.
INFLUÊNCIA DOS DEJETOS DA CAPRINOCULTURA NA COMPOSIÇÃO DE SUBSTRATOS PARA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE Anadenanthera peregrina (L) Speg.
Authors: Campos Aguiar Bruno Aurelio , Da Silva Norivania Diniz , Reis Sousa Mirlla Rayra , Santos Bárbara Maria Martins , Souza Flávia Bezerra , Souza Priscila Bezerra de 
Published: September 2020

O esterco caprino é um material orgânico que pode ser uma alternativa para a formulação de substratos para produção de mudas de espécies nativas. O trabalho foi conduzido em um viveiro, coordenado em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos: T1 – Terra de subsolo (TS) (100%), T2 – Terra de subsolo (TS) + Esterco caprino (EC) (75%:25%), T3 – Terra de subsolo (TS) + Esterco caprino (EC) (50%:50%), T4 – Terra de subsolo (TS) + Esterco caprino (EC) (25%:75%) e T5 - Esterco caprino (EC) (100%) com 4 repetições. Foi possível observar pela análise de variância que houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre os tratamentos na porcentagem de esterco caprino (EC) para as variáveis germinação (G), altura (H) e diâmetro do colo (DC) aos 30 e 60 dias após a semeadura, massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA) massa seca da parte radicular (MSPR), massa seca total (MST). O T4 proporcionou os melhores resultados nas variáveis analisadas, mesmo assim não é recomendado para a produção de mudas de Anadenanthera peregrina (L) Speg. no tempo avaliado, pois as mesma obtiveram valor inferior a 0,20 ao qual é recomendado na literatura para o índice de qualidade de Dickson.
The Impact of Legalization of Access to Recreational Cannabis on Canadian Medical Users with Cancer.
Authors: Hawley Philippa Helen , Gobbo Monica , Afghari Narsis 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Canada legalized cannabis use for medical purposes in 1999. Legalization of cannabis for recreational purposes in October 2018 offered the opportunity to assess the impact of recreational legalization on cancer patients’ patterns of use to identify learning points that could be helpful to other countries considering similar legislation.Method Two identical anonymous cross-sectional surveys were administered to cancer patients in British Columbia (2 months before and 3 months following legalization), with the same eligibility criteria. The prevalence of medical cannabis use, the distribution of symptoms leading to use, the most common types of cannabis products and sources, reasons for stopping using cannabis, and barriers to access were assessed.Results The overall response rate was 27%. Both cohorts were similar regarding age (median= 66yrs), gender (53% female), and education (approximately 85% of participants had an education level of high school graduation and higher). Respondents had multiple motives for taking cannabis, including to manage multiple symptoms, to treat cancer, and for recreational reasons. The majority of patients in both surveys did not use the legal medical access system. Comparison of the two cohorts showed that after legalization the prevalence of current cannabis use increased by 26% (23·1% to 29·1%, p-value 0·01), including an increased disclosure of recreational motive for use, from 32% to 40%. However, in the post-legalization cohort more Current Users reported problems getting cannabis (18%) than the pre-legalization cohort (8%), (p-value <0·01). The most common barrier cited was lack of available preferred products, including edibles, as these were only available from illegal dispensaries.Conclusions Results showed that legalization of cannabis for recreational purposes may have an impact on those who use medical cannabis. Impacts include an increase in prevalence of use; problems accessing preferred products legally; higher cost, and difficulties using a legal access system. The desired goal of regulation in reducing harms from use of illegal cannabis products are unlikely to be achieved if the legal process is less attractive to patients than use of illegal sources.
Identification of Y chromosome markers in the eastern three-lined skink (Bassiana duperreyi) using in silico whole genome subtraction.
Authors: Dissanayake Duminda Sampath Bandara , Holleley Clare Ellen , Hill Laura Kate , O’Meally Denis , Deakin Janine Eileen , Georges Arthur 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Homologous sex chromosomes can differentiate over time because recombination is suppressed in the region of the sex determining locus, leading to the accumulation of repeats, progressive loss of genes that lack differential influence on the sexes and sequence divergence on the hemizygous homolog. Divergence in the non-recombining regions leads to the accumulation of Y or W specific sequence useful for developing sex-linked markers. Here we use in silico whole-genome subtraction to identify putative sex-linked sequences in the scincid lizard Bassiana duperreyi which has heteromorphic XY sex chromosomes. Results: We generated 96.7 x 109 150 bp paired-end genomic sequence reads from a XY male and 81.4 x 109 paired-end reads from an XX female for in silico whole genome subtraction to yield Y enriched contigs. We identified 7 reliable markers which were validated as Y chromosome specific by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) against a panel of 20 males and 20 females. Conclusions: The sex of B. duperreyi can be reversed by low temperatures (XX genotype reversed to a male phenotype). We have developed sex-specific markers to identify the underlying genotypic sex and its concordance or discordance with phenotypic sex in wild populations of B. duperreyi. Our pipeline can be applied to isolate Y or W chromosome-specific sequences of any organism and is not restricted to sequence residing within single-copy genes. This study greatly improves our knowledge of the Y chromosome in B. duperreyi and will enhance future studies of reptile sex determination and sex chromosome evolution.
Cannabis against chronic musculoskeletal pain: A scoping review on users and their perceptions
Authors: Furrer Daniela , Kröger Edeltraut , Marcotte Martine , Jauvin Nathalie , Bélanger Richard , Ware Mark , Foldes-Busque Guillaume , Aubin Michèle , Pluye Pierre , Dionne Clermont E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) may lead to reduced physical function and is the most common cause of chronic non cancer pain. Currently, the pharmacotherapeutic options against CMP are limited and frequently consist of pain management with non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, gabapentinoids or opioids, which carry major adverse effects. Although the effectiveness of medical cannabis (MC) for CMP still lacks solid evidence, several patients suffering from it are exploring this therapeutic option with their physicians.Objectives Little is known about MC users suffering from CMP. We aimed to increase this knowledge, useful for health care professionals and patients considering this treatment, as well as for researchers planning rigorous randomized clinical trials on the effectiveness of MC.Methods We conducted a scoping literature review, according to the methods developed by Arksey and O’Malley, to describe the views and perceptions of adult patients who had consumed MC to relieve chronic CMP. The review includes patients’ perceptions on MC against other non-cancer pain since most of the literature reports on both, as well as their demographic characteristics, patterns of MC use, and perceived positive and negative effects.Results Participants of the 49 included studies reported that MC use helped them to reduce CMP and other chronic non-cancer pain, with only minor adverse effects, and some reported improved psychological well-being.Where MC was legally available, persistent users were frequently young or middle-aged men, and the preferred form of use was smoking. The information from these studies has several methodological limitations and results are exploratory.Conclusion MC users suffering from CMP or other chronic non-cancer pain, perceived more benefits than harms. However, these user reported experiences must be examined by well-designed and methodologically sound clinical or observational studies, particularly regarding CMP, since reports on CMP are very scarce.
Transgenerational effect of drug-mediated inhibition of LSD1 on eye pigment expression in Drosophila
Authors: Hoyer-Fender Sigrid 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The Drosophila melanogaster mutant white-mottled is a well-established model for position-effect variegation (PEV). Transposition of the euchromatic white gene into the vicinity of the pericentric heterochromatin caused variegated expression of white due to heterochromatin spreading. The establishment of the euchromatin-heterochromatin boundary and spreading of silencing is regulated by mutually exclusive histone modifications, i.e. the methylations of histone H3 at lysine 9 and lysine 4. Demethylation of H3K4, catalysed by lysine-specific demethylase LSD1, is required for subsequent methylation of H3K9 to establish heterochromatin. LSD1 is therefore essential for heterochromatin formation and spreading. We asked whether drug-mediated inhibition of LSD affects the expression of white and if this induced change can be transmitted to those generations that have never been exposed to the triggering signal, i.e. transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.Results: We used the lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1)-inhibitor Tranylcypromine to investigate its effect on eye colour expression in consecutive generations by feeding the parental and F1 generations of the Drosophila melanogaster mutant white-mottled. Quantitative Western blotting revealed that Tranylcypromine inhibits H3K4-demethylation both in vitro in S2 cells as well as in embryos when used as feeding additive. Eye colour expression in male flies was determined by optical measurement of pigment extracts and qRT-PCR of white gene expression. Flies raised in the presence of Tranylcypromine and its solvent DMSO showed increased eye pigment expression. Beyond that, eye pigment expression was also affected in consecutive generations including F3, which is the first generation without contact with the inhibitor. Conclusions: Our results show that feeding of Tranylcypromine and DMSO caused desilencing of white in treated flies of generation F1. Consecutive generations, raised on standard food without further supplements, are also affected by the drug-induced alteration of histone modifications. Although eye pigment expression eventually returned to the basal state, the observed long-lasting effect points to a memory capacity of previous epigenomes. Furthermore, our results indicate that food compounds potentially affect chromatin modification and hence gene expression and that the alteration is putatively inherited not only parentally but transgenerationally.
Birth weight and renal markers in children aged 5 – 10 years in Cameroon: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kaze Francois Folefack , Nguefack Seraphin , Asong Constantine Menkoh , Assob Jules Clement Nguedia , Nansseu Jobert Richie , Kowo Mathurin Pierre , Nzana Victorine , Kalla Ginette Claude Mireille , Halle Marie Patrice 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background A relationship exists between birth weight (BW) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in postnatal kidney. Willing to fill a gap of knowledge in sub-Saharan Africa, we assessed the effect of BW on blood pressure (BP), proteinuria and GFR among Cameroonians children.Methods This was a cross-sectional hospital-based study from January to April 2018 at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital (YGOPH). We recruited low BW (LBW) [<2500g], normal BW (NBW) [2500-3999g] and high BW (HBW) [>4000g] children, aged 5-10 years, born and followed-up at YGOPH. We collected socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, BP), laboratory (proteinuria, creatinine), maternal and birth data. The estimated GFR was calculated using the Schwartz equation.Results We included 80 children (61.2% boys) with 21 (26.2%) LBW, 45 (56.2%) NBW and 14 (15.5%) HBW; the median (interquartile range) age was 7.3 (6.3-8.1) years and 17 (21.2%) were overweight/obese. Two (2.5%) children, all with a NBW (4.4%), had an elevated BP whereas 2 (2.5%) other children, all with a LBW (9.5%), had hypertension (p=0.233). Seven (8.7%) children had proteinuria with 19%, 2.2% and 14.3% having LBW, NBW and HBW, respectively (p=0.051). Equivalent figures were 18 (22.5%), 14.3%, 24.2% and 28.6% for decreased GFR, respectively (p=0.818). There was a trend towards an inverse relationship between BW and BP, proteinuria and GFR (p>0.05). Conclusion Proteinuria is more pronounced in childhood with a history of LBW and HBW while LBW children are more prone to develop hypertension. Regular follow-up is needed to implement early nephroprotective measures among children with abnormal BW.
Adolescents Nutritional Status and its association with Academic Performance in South Ethiopia; a facility-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Katiso Selamawit Woldeyohanes , Kerbo Amene Abebe , Dake Samson Kastro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Though evidence about the magnitude of malnutrition is well established in Ethiopia, the evidence is scarce about the association of nutritional status with academic performance among adolescents. Thus, this study aimed at determining the association of nutritional status with academic performance among adolescents attending secondary schools in Wolaita Sodo town, Southern Ethiopia.Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 670 systematically selected adolescents in secondary schools of Wolaita Sodo town from April to June 2019. The academic performance of the adolescents was measured using the average mark score of two consecutive semester's results of the overall subjects. Data were analyzed with STATA software Version 15. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation, and linear regression were used in the statistical analysis. A p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The mean academic performance of students was 69.21±0.42 (95% CI: 68.34%-70.02%). An average mark score of students increased by 1.89 (β=1.89; 95 %CI: 1.14, 2.64) for a unit increase in BMI for age z-score. Being female decreased an average mark score by 2.63 (β=-2.63; 95 %CI: -4.28, -0.98) and being from a separated parents decreased by 4.73 (β=-4. 73; 95 %CI: -6.73, -2.74). An average mark score of students from the lowest wealth class decreased by 9.92(-9.92; 95 %CI: -12.79, -7.04) as compared to students from the highest wealth class. Attending private schools increased the average mark score of students by 4.18 (β=4.18; 95 %CI: 2.46, 5.90). Conclusion: This study has ascertained that poor academic performance was reported among undernourished students, girls, students whose parents were separated, students of low wealth status households, and students enrolled to public schools. Launching nutritional interventions, household income generating activities targeting lowest wealth status households, and giving tutorial classes for female students were recommended.
Craniofacial morphology/phenotypes influence on mandibular range of movement in the design of a mandibular advancement device
Authors: Sanz Pedro Mayoral , Reyes Mariano Garcia , Torras Alex Bataller , Castillo JA Cabrera , Lagravere Manuel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background. The mandibular opening path movements have different directions according to the craniofacial morphology of the patient but always downward and backward, therefore increasing the collapse of the upper airway. The aim of this work is to determine if there is a relationship between the craniofacial morphology and the mandibular movement to help understand the impact on the mandibular position. Methods. 52 students with full permanent dentition aged 19 to 23 years (mean 21.3 SD 1.7; 29 females and 23 males), participated in the study. Each subject had a lateral cephalometric radiograph taken. The opening angle was determined for two levels of vertical openings at 5 and 10 mm. Results. The opening angle showed a greater variability between subjects ranging from 63,15 to 77,08 for 5 mm angle and from for 61,65 to 75,72 for the 10 mm angle. Differences of facial phenotypes was evident when comparing the individual dissoccluding angle of the low angle horizontal pattern and high angle vertical pattern. Conclusions. The opening angle is related to craniofacial morphology with higher vertical anterior and shorter anteroposterior faces having a more horizontal path of mandibular movement than shorter vertical anterior and longer anteroposterior subjects who have a more vertical path.
Network Pharmacology study of Curcuma longa L.: Potential Target Proteins and their Functional Enrichment Analysis.
Authors: KUMARI SANGEETA 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective This study’s primary goal is unraveling the mechanism of action of bioactives of Curcuma longa L. at the molecular level using protein-protein interaction network.Results We used target proteins to create protein-protein interaction network (PPIN) and identified significant node and edge attributes of PPIN. We identified the cluster of proteins in the PPIN, which were used to identify enriched pathways. . We identified closeness centrality and jaccard score as most important node and edge attribute of the PPIN respectively. The enriched pathways of various clusters were overlapped suggesting synergistic mechanism of action. The three pathways found to be common among three clusters were Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor pathway, Endothelin signaling pathway, and Inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway.
Types of Stove in Use and Respiratory and Eye Health of Nepal Rural Housewives: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Han Changwoo , Sanjel Seshananda , Shakya Prabin , Lee Woo-Seok , Kim Woo-Sung , Karmacharya Biraj , Neupane Biraj , Hong Yun-Chul 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundsHealth benefits of energy transition from solid fuels to cleaner fuels can be evaluated in field study of developing countries. Even a simple cross-sectional studies may be useful for estimation of the health benefits. This study was conducted in rural Nepal with the hypothesis that the gas stove and clean fuel users may have better respiratory and eye health compared to traditional stove and solid fuel users due to the low household air pollution levels.MethodsFrom July to August 2018, we recruited 90 housewives who resided in a rural Nepal village (Nuwakot District, Likhu Municipality). We conducted a questionnaire survey, physical examination, blood test, and 24-hour monitoring of particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) levels in kitchen. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of types of stove used in kitchens with respiratory and eye symptoms in housewives.ResultsOf 90 participants, 42 and 43 used traditional and gas stove as their primary stove, respectively. Over 28% and 75% of participants experienced mild to moderate airway obstruction and watery eye symptoms during cooking. The odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of chronic cough [0.30 (0.05, 1.86)], wheezing [0.30 (0.06, 1.49)], phlegm [0.36 (0.08, 1.53)], shortness of breath [0.81 (0.31, 2.09)], high chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test scores [0.36 (0.10, 1.30)], and watery eye symptoms during cooking [0.14 (0.04, 0.51)] were lower in gas stove users compared to the traditional stove users. The average 24-hour kitchen PM2.5 concentrations were lower in gas stove user houses (11 μg/m3) than in traditional stove user houses (33 μg/m3).ConclusionsGas stove and clean fuel use may be beneficial for reducing eye discomfort during cooking. Further longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to conclude whether the transition from solid fuels to cleaner fuels will be beneficial for the respiratory and eye health of Nepalese housewives.