bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An increase in global trends of tropical cyclone translation speed since 1982 and its physical causes
Authors: Kim Sung-Hun , Moon Il-Ju , Chu Pao-Shin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, the causes of the increase in global mean tropical cyclone translation speed (TCTS) in the post-satellite era were investigated. Analysis reveals that the global-mean TCTS increased by 0.31 km h−1 per decade over the last 36 years, but the steering flow controlling the local TCTS decreased by −0.24 km h−1 per decade in the major tropical cyclone (TC) passage regions. These values correspond to a change of 5.9% and −5.6% during the analysis period for the mean TCTS and steering flow, respectively. The inconsistency between these two related variables (TCTS and steering flows) is caused by relative TC frequency changes according to basin and latitude. The TCTS is closely related to the latitude of the TC position, which shows a significant difference in mean TCTS between basins. That is, the increased global-mean TCTS is mainly attributed to the following: (1) an increase (4.5% per decade) in the relative proportion of the North Atlantic TCs in terms of global TC’s position points (this region has the fastest mean TCTS among all basins); and (2) the poleward shift of TC activities. These two effects account for 76.8% and 25.8% of the observed global-mean TCTS trend, respectively, and thus overwhelm those of the slowing steering flow related to the weakening of large-scale tropical circulation, which leads to a global mean increase in TCTS. Given that TC activity in the North Atlantic is closely related to the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation and a poleward shift of TC exposure is likely induced by global warming, the recent increase in the global-mean TCTS is a joint outcome of both natural variations and anthrophonic effects.
Distribution sustainability and climate actions in Myanmar
Authors: Linn Kyaw Myo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Myanmar as one of the most vulnerable country like among other countries in the world face adverse impacts of climate change like monsoon season changes, temperature rising, sea level rise, storms, floods and the other onset events throughout some decades. Urbanization and population growth call for economic growth and environmental degradation. Sustainability is the matter most for the country to align with environmental integrity and climate change impacts. Policy development, technology transfer, finance allocation and capacity building are essentially needed to combat climate change impacts, to obtain environmental integrity and to meet the goals of sustainability. Climate change Policy and Environmental Policy are being developed within last five years and legislated in 2018 overarching on the sectors of building, transport, industries, renewable and efficient energy, forestry, agriculture, and disaster risk management to mainstream the climate change impacts. Multilateral cooperation and coordination for climate actions are gradually established in Myanmar collaborating with other countries such as Japan and international organizations, INGOs and NGOs. Mitigation measures are carried out in the areas of energy efficiency (CDM and JCM projects) and renewable energy (CDM projects). Adaptation measures are initializing in some urban and coastal areas to adapt and be resilient of climate change adverse impacts at project level. However, cost-benefit analysis to implement the climate actions and raising ambitions at national level to meet the global climate target to limit the 1.5-degree Celsius temperature raising are still needed to compromise for sustainability and environmental integrity while social wellbeing should not be left behind other than the cases.
Approach to assessment of heavy metals contamination in drinking water, Mandalay region, Myanmar
Authors: Maw Aye Min , Phyu Khin Phyu , Aung Myo Nanda , Mar Khaing Khaing , Khin Saw Ohnmar , Khaing Kyawt Kyawt , Thura Aung , THU Aung , Zin Phyo Wai , Thin Khin Maung , Thant Kyaw Zin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
People use their drinking water sources from surface water or ground water. Contaminants including heavy metals have found their way into water supplies due to inadequate treatment and disposal of waste and industrial discharges. The present study aimed to assess the water quality parameters including heavy metals in drinking water from 120 tube wells in 6 townships (Aung-Myay-Tharzan, Chan-Aye-Tharzan, Chan-Mya-Tharzi, Mahar-Aung-Myay, Pyigyi-Tagon and Amarapura) of Mandalay region, Myanmar. Lovibond Water Testing (Photometer SpectroDirect) was used for testing turbidity, total hardness, chloride, cyanide and nitrite. Acidity (pH), electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids were tested by Pocket Pro™ Tester. Arsenic, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, mercury, lead and zinc were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Turbidity and pH in 5 out of 6 townships, total dissolved solids in 4 townships and electrical conductivity in 3 townships were higher than MPL in some samples but the other remaining parameters were complied with WHO limit. The levels of iron in all townships, manganese in 3 townships, arsenic and lead in 1 township respectively were detected in some samples more than the maximum permissible limit (MPL) of WHO and other metals were within MPL. Therefore, the quality of drinking water should be assessed constantly.
Assessment and treatment of arsenic contaminated tube well water from selected areas in Kyaunggon Township, Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar
Authors: Phyu Khin Phyu , Win Kyi Kyi Nyein , Hlaing Moh Moh , Zaw Khine Mar , Han Tin Tin , Marlar Mya , Aung Myo Nanda , Zin Phyo Wai , Naing Aye , Konishi Arisa , Morita Yasuhiko , Htun Zaw Than 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Arsenic contamination of tube well water has become the greatest health threat to the people. This cross-sectional analytic study aimed to find out the prevalence of arsenic contaminated wells in selected areas of Kyaunggon Township, to increase the arsenic awareness and to construct the low-cost arsenic reducing Gravel Sand Filter (GSF) for household use. The water samples were tested for arsenic and other parameters. About 66% (63/96) tube wells of depth between 12 to 183 meters had arsenic concentration more than 10 ppb and moreover 42 out of 63 tube wells had depth between 30 to 90 meters. Therefore, this depth range should be avoided for tube well construction in that area. About 67.7 % (65/96) had iron concentration more than 0.3 ppm, 74 % (71/96) had manganese concentration more than 0.4 ppm and 4.1 % (4/96) had phosphate concentration more than 4 ppm according to WHO drinking water quality guideline. These results were disseminated to basic health staff, teachers and students from respective areas. GSF was constructed and demonstrated to villagers. Widely using of this removal method in arsenic contaminated areas will partly contribute towards the safe water supply and promote the community health.
Blood lead level, cognitive and psychomotor activity in lead exposed battery workers
Authors: Shwe Thazin , Win-Thu Muyar , Mar Ohn 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Lead, a systemic toxicant affecting virtually every organ system, primarily affects the central nervous system. The aim of the present study was to determine and compare blood lead level, cognitive and psychomotor ability level in the non-exposed subjects and lead-exposed battery workers and to find out the relationship between these parameters in the lead-exposed battery workers. This cross-sectional study included 28 non-exposed subjects and 28 lead-exposed battery workers from small-scale battery workplaces in Insein and North Okkalapa Townships. The blood lead level (BLL) was determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The cognitive ability was assessed by using three subtests from the General Memory Scale (GMS). The psychomotor ability tests composed of digit symbol, Bourdon-Wiersma vigilance test and the Santa Ana dexterity test. The mean BLL of the lead-exposed battery workers (4.25±3.87 μg/dL) was significantly higher (P<0.01) than that of the non-exposed subjects (2.14±1.02 μg/dL). After matching age, sex, socio-economic status and educational level, it was found that mean scores of cognitive and psychomotor ability tests (digit span, paired associate learning and Santa Ana dexterity) of the lead-exposed battery workers were significantly lower than those of the non-exposed subjects. It was concluded that even low lead exposure could reduce the cognitive and psychomotor abilities, especially in attention, concentration, short-term memory and perceptual motor ability domains in adult male workers.
Assessment of surface water quality along Pazundaung Creek, Yangon City
Authors: Aung Hein Htet , Ye Myint Theingi , Khaing Nway Nway 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study focuses on the assessment of water quality at seven sampling points along the Pazundaung Creek in Yangon. Moreover, the determination of BOD, COD, DO, TH, EC, Cu, Cl, TDS, pH, turbidity and temperature were carried out. Water samples had been collected in February, March, April and May. According to the findings of this study, the water quality of Pazundaung Creek was deteriorated due to the rapid urbanization and industrialization along this creek. Therefore, the sources of these types of wastewater should be carefully controlled by applying the effective waste management systems and appropriate wastewater treatment technologies to prevent the water pollution of this creek. All of the results from sampling analyse were compared with Malaysia Water Quality Standard of class IIA and class IIB. According to the standard limitations of Malaysia Water Quality Standard, this type of surface water needed a conventional treatment process to use as water supply. In the case of fishery, the sensitive aquatic species can survival in these limitations and can also be used for recreational use with body contact.
Profiling Fecal Pollution in Rivers in Hanoi, Vietnam, using Host-specific Bacteroidales and crAssphage Markers
Authors: Pham Minh Ngoc , Kasuga Ikuro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Microbial source tracking (MST) based on host-specific fecal microorganisms is a powerful tool for identifying sources of fecal contamination. In Vietnam, fecal contamination caused by untreated domestic wastewater as well as wastewater from the livestock sector is a major issue for the water environment. In this study, samples from different rivers in Hanoi, Vietnam, were analyzed using quantitative PCR analysis for Bacteroidales markers specific to human (HF183), pig (Pig2Bac), and ruminant (BacR) feces and a bacteriophage marker specific to human feces (crAssphage). Water samples were collected from Nhue River, To Lich River, Kim Nguu River, Day River, Duong River, and Red River during August, September, and December 2019. Groundwater samples from areas near the Nhue River and Day River were also collected. Regarding the To Lich River and Kim Nguu River, only human-specific markers (HF183 and crAssphage) were detected, indicating that the primary source of fecal contamination of these rivers was human feces. In the Nhue River, pig- and ruminant-specific markers were detected, in addition to human-specific markers. Pollution from multiple fecal sources was therefore suspected in the Nhue River. In the Day River, the concentration of pig-and ruminant-specific markers was generally higher than that of human-specific markers. Since the concentration of HF183 and crAssphage in the Day River was lower than those in the other rivers, the contribution of animal feces could be relatively higher in the Day River. The concentration of fecal markers in the Duong River and Red River was much lower than that in the other rivers. MST was successfully applied to characterize sources of fecal pollution in different rivers in Hanoi. The profiling of fecal sources is informative when considering water quality remediation in rivers.
Scheduling of electric-thermal integrated energy system considering environmental cost
Authors: Xingchen Yao , Fei Xu , Lei Chen , Ling Hao , Tuo Jiang , Te Cheng , Yong Min , Qun Chen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Coordinated scheduling of electric heating comprehensive energy system is an effective measure to promote wind power consumption and solve environmental problems fundamentally. In the existing coordinated scheduling of electric heating, the optimization goal usually only considers the minimum of abandoned wind or the minimum of overall coal consumption of the system, and does not directly take pollutant emission as the optimization index. In the actual operation, the target of minimum total coal consumption or light rejection rate of abandoned air is likely to be inconsistent with the target of minimum pollutant emission. Therefore, this paper proposes a coordinated scheduling model of electric heating comprehensive energy system considering environmental cost, selects the appropriate expression form of environmental cost, unifies the economic cost and environmental cost, and takes its weighted sum value as the optimization goal, so as to achieve the lowest comprehensive economic cost and environmental cost on the basis of maximizing the consumption of wind power. Finally, the comparison between the traditional optimization model and the model proposed in this paper is carried out by the way of example simulation. The results show that the new optimization model is helpful to reduce the environmental expenditure, and the cost of considering the environmental cost is 5.2% lower than not considering the environmental cost.
Energy Saving and Emission Reduction of Study on Lightening of Dump Truck Carriage
Authors: Wang Lanhua , Di Chaoqun , Liu Qi , Song Li , Jiao Fengqin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Through the finite element modeling of dump truck’s Carriage, the stiffness and strength performance of dump truck’s carriage under static and dynamic conditions were evaluated. At the same time, without changing the original car of the dump truck, the material and plate thickness of the car parts were used as its design variables. The static and dynamic working conditions of the dump truck were optimized by the application of finite element analysis and approximate model technology. When the design performance of the dump truck can fully meet the requirements, energy saving and emission reduction can be achieved. The plates of dump truck are replaced by Baohua wear-resisting Steel Plate BHNM400/450 and TISCO high-strength plate T700 according to the principle of equal strength replacement, which canprovide the reference for enterprises. Through the application of new materials, the self-weight of dump truck can be reduced, and the quality of dump truck can meet the requirements of industry regulations.
Comparison of Heat Transfer Performance for Condensation in Corrugated Low Finned Tube and Smooth Tube with Air
Authors: Ren Bin , Pu Zhe , Tang Xiaoying , He Aini , Lu Hongliang , Si Sun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The existence of air served as non-condensable gas makes it difficult to design effective titanium condenser in PTA plant. In this paper, the heat transfer characteristic for condensation inside corrugated low finned tube and smooth tube in presence of air was compared. The local heat transfer performance was studied by comparing bulk temperature and local heat transfer rate. The effect of non-condensable gas mass fraction on overall heat transfer performance was also analysed. The results indicated that both the bulk temperature and the local heat transfer rate decreased along the axial direction due to the reduction of steam partial pressure and temperature difference. The average heat transfer coefficient and total heat transfer rate decreased with the increase of inlet non-condensable gas mass fraction. And the corrugated low finned tube could reduce the impact of non-condensable gas by reducing the thickness of gas film and condensate film.
Research Progress on Experimental Optimization for Heat Performance of Pulsating Heat Pipe
Authors: Du Zhehua , Lin Xin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pulsating heat pipe is regarded as a promising cooling technique for electronic devices. Investigations on thermal performance optimization for pulsating heat pipe will provide guide-line for the utilization of pulsating heat pipe. In this paper, thermal performance optimization for pulsating heat pipe via experimental investigations is introduced.Three optimization approaches are analyzed, including the improvement of structure, the utilization of working medium, and the treatment of internal surface. The mechanism of heat transfer enhancement of pulsating heat pipe is discussed, and the potential research field of thermal performance optimization for pulsating heat pipe is predicted. On the basis of familiarity with multiple pulsating heat pipe optimization strategy, it is necessary to explore coexistence mechanism of multiple optimizing strategy and develop pulsating heat pipe coupling enhanced heat transfer method.
A review of energy storage and its utilization in Integrated Energy Systems
Authors: Ji Wenjia , Zhang Han , Ding Fei , Wang Jiale , Zhang Rui , Guo Su 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Energy storage system is the central facility in the Integrated Energy System. It plays a significant role in the stable operation of the system and the distribution of the renewable energy sources. This thesis is based on the overall consideration of diverse systems and make a review of the different working conditions, classification, constraint conditions, operational modes and so on in the energy storage system.
Entropy generation analysis of premixed hydrogen-air combustion in a micro combustor with different mass-flow velocity
Authors: Wu Yifeng , Yang Wenming , Yang Meng , Shan Jingwei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In order to improve the flame stability in the micro combustor with a backward-facing step, porous media is being used in the combustion chamber.In this work, lots of analysis of entropy generation rate caused by chemical reaction, heat conduction and mass diffusion had been carried out. The effects of mass-flow velocity are numerically investigated via the analysis of entropy generation rate. Analysis in this paper reveal that: as the mass-flow velocity m
H2=1.13×10-6kg/s, the micro combustor with porous media obtained the highest mean wall temperature and entropy generation rate 2.11×10−3W/K. It is obviously seen that a higher mass-flow velocity contributes to a higher entropy generation rate and combustion efficiency.
Influence of thermal stratification by fire on heat-mass coupling response mechanism of the liquefied tank
Authors: Ma Yuheng , Shi Shicheng , Wang Supan , Lu Chunyi , Wang Zhirong , Pan Xuhai , Jiang Juncheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In order to study the explosion-inducing process and thermal response of fire-induced BLEVE(boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion), a small experimental device was established. The radiant heating source was used to simulate the external fire heat effect, and superheated water was used as the medium. The pneumatic ball valve was used to simulate the leakage action. The gas-liquid flow, internal pressure and temperature transient response of the tank during the heating and venting processes were measured, and the superheated process of the medium in the tank was analyzed. The temperature-pressure coupling response after the explosion was traced to investigate the thermal action of the fire on the tank. The experiment found that the heating of the storage tank was the generation and gradual disappearance of temperature stratification. The crack action would result in the breaking of phase equilibrium and pressure rebound. There was an overheat delay in the detonation, and the temperature stratification would prolong the overheat time of the medium. There was a lower limit for the occurrence of the BLEVE accident, the critical stratification degree was used to quantify the limit and the limit of this experimental condition was ξ≤2.33.
Mathematical Model of Reliability Evaluation on Air Volume of Ventilation System in Volume Adjustment by Frequency Conversion
Authors: Du Zhehua , Lin Xin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The reliability on air volume of ventilation system in volume adjustment by frequency conversion of fan was theoretically studied. Based on the law of large numbers, the probability could be transformed to frequency ratio with fully considering the fluctuation of air volume. Two conversion formulas for transforming air volume under normal working frequency into air volume under required frequency with or without considering natural ventilation pressure were deduced. On this basis, the reliability of air volume under required frequency can be predicted through measuring air volume under normal working frequency, then the unknown reliability can be predicted before volume adjustment by frequency conversion of fan. The reliability matrix and reliability value matrix on air volume of ventilation system were deduced and constructed. The relationship between the matrices and fan frequency was theoretically analyzed, as well as the forecast on reliability matrix and reliability value matrix of the required frequency based on the conversion formulas.
Dynamic changes and sensitivity of water Area of Huixiankarst wetland
Authors: Sun Xiaoshuang , Lu Ming , Ren Zhili 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Affected by human activities and natural factors, the area of the Huixian karst wetland has been shrinking in recent years. As the main data source, Landsat5 TM remote sensing image was used to analyze the trend of wetland landforms and its driving factors. The changes of various types and the sensitivity of water influencing factors of Huixian wetland in the past 30 years were analyzed by visual interpretation, supervised classification and geographic information system. The analysis results show that the water area of the wetland has decreased significantly in the past 30 years, and the reduction is 4.52 km2.The fish pond area appears an increasing trend, and the increase is 2.81 km2.The increase of farmland and vegetation is 1.66 km2 and 0.33 km2 respectively. The increase of fish ponds is much smaller than the reduction of water bodies.Water bodies have been developed into farmland or vegetation land. The main driving factor of land type change is human activity, and natural driving is secondary.Sensitivity analysis shows that water for agriculture and fish ponds is the most important factor contributing to the shrinkage of natural water bodies in Huixian wetland.
Study on optimal pollutant control screening in benxi section of taizi river
Authors: Guo Qiucen , Song Haowen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In view of the pollution problem of toxic and harmful sewage discharge from enterprises in benxi section of the upper reaches of taizi river, the typical pollution sources of benxi section were investigated and the pollutants in benxi section were measured.The comprehensive scoring method based on the potential hazard method was used to select 8 factors suitable for the selection of benxi section of taizi river and assign weights to them.Screen out 13 kinds of poisonous and harmful pollutants for benxi section of the optimal control of pollutants.It provides the index basis for monitoring the water quality of the benxi section of taizi river and water risk accidents.