bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-223-3p and miR-122-5p as circulating biomarkers for plaque instability
Authors: Singh Sandeep , de Ronde Maurice W J , Kok Maayke G M , Beijk Marcel AM , De Winter Robbert J , van der Wal Allard C , Sondermeijer Brigitte M , Meijers Joost C M , Creemers Esther E , Pinto-Sietsma Sara-Joan 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundIn this study, we discovered and validated candidate microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for coronary artery disease (CAD).MethodCandidate tissue-derived miRNAs from atherosclerotic plaque material in patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) (n=14) and unstable coronary artery disease (UCAD) (n=25) were discovered by qPCR-based arrays. We validated differentially expressed miRNAs, along with seven promising CAD-associated miRNAs from the literature, in the serum of two large cohorts (n=395 and n=1000) of patients with SCAD and UCAD and subclinical atherosclerosis (SubA) and controls, respectively.ResultFrom plaque materials (discovery phase), miR-125b-5p and miR-193b-3p were most upregulated in SCAD, whereas miR-223-3p and miR-142-3p were most upregulated in patients with UCAD. Subsequent validation in serum from patients with UCAD, SCAD, SubA and controls demonstrated significant upregulation of miR-223-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-146-3p and miR-155-5p. The ischaemia-related miR-499-5p was also highly upregulated in patients with UCAD compared with the other groups (SCAD OR 20.63 (95% CI 11.16 to 38.15), SubA OR 96.10 (95% CI 40.13 to 230.14) and controls OR 15.73 (95% CI 7.80 to 31.72)). However, no significant difference in miR-499-5p expression was observed across SCAD, SubA and controls. MiR-122-5p was the only miRNA to be significantly upregulated in the serum of both patients with UCAD and SCAD.ConclusionIn conclusion, miR-122-5p and miR-223-3p might be markers of plaque instability.
Stellar modelling of isotropic Einstein–Maxwell perfect fluid spheres of embedding class one
Authors: Hansraj Sudan , Moodly Lushen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt is indeed remarkable that while charged anisotropic models with the embedding class one property are abundant, there are no reports of the physically important isotropic case despite its simplicity. In fact, the Karmarkar condition turns out to be the only avenue to generate all such stellar models algorithmically. The process of determining exact solutions is almost trivial: either specify the spatial potential and perform a single integration to obtain the temporal potential or simply select any temporal potential and get the space potential without any integrations. Then the model is completely determined and all dynamical quantities may be calculated. The difficulty lies in ascertaining whether such models satisfy elementary physical requisites. A number of physically relevant models are considered though not exhaustively. We prove that conformally flat charged isotropic stars of embedding class one do not exist. If spacetime admits conformal symmetries then the space potential must be of the Finch–Skea type in this context. A general metric ansatz is stated which contains interesting special cases. The Finch–Skea special case is shown to be consistent with the expectations of a stellar model while the Vaidya–Tikekar special case generates a physically viable cosmological fluid. The case of an isothermal sphere with charge and the Karmarkar property is examined and is shown to be defective. When the Karmarkar property is abandoned for isothermal charged fluids, the spacetimes are necessarily flat.
Theoretical uncertainties in the MSSM Higgs boson mass calculation
Authors: Bahl Henning , Heinemeyer Sven , Hollik Wolfgang , Weiglein Georg 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe remaining theoretical uncertainties from unknown higher-order corrections in the prediction for the light Higgs-boson mass of the MSSM are estimated. The uncertainties associated with three different approaches that are implemented in the publicly available code are compared: the fixed-order diagrammatic approach, suitable for low SUSY scales, the effective field theory (EFT) approach, suitable for high SUSY scales, and the hybrid approach which combines the fixed-order and the EFT approaches. It is demonstrated for a simple single-scale scenario that the result based on the hybrid approach yields a precise prediction for low, intermediate and high SUSY scales with a theoretical uncertainty of up to $$\sim 1.5\,\, \mathrm {GeV}$$∼1.5GeV for large stop mixing and $$\sim 0.5\,\, \mathrm {GeV}$$∼0.5GeV for small stop mixing. The uncertainty estimate of the hybrid calculation approaches the uncertainty estimate of the fixed-order result for low SUSY scales and the uncertainty estimate of the EFT approach for high SUSY scales, while for intermediate scales it is reduced compared to both of the individual results. The estimate of the theoretical uncertainty is also investigated in scenarios with more than one mass scale. A significantly enhanced uncertainty is found in scenarios where the gluino is substantially heavier than the scalar top quarks. The uncertainty estimate presented in this paper will be part of the public code .
Supersonic gas flow impacting approach for solid-state synthesis at room-temperature: Temperature measurement
Authors: Guo Qiuting , Guo Zheng , Tao Yang , Zhang Zhao , Lin Jun , Zuo Jin , Liu Guangyuan 
Published: June 2020

Solid-state synthesis based on supersonic gas flow impingement at room-temperature is an alternative approach to traditional mechanochemical preparation. The supersonic airflow is generated by a convergent-diffusion nozzle with a design Mach number of 3.0. The solid material particles from the suction pipe in the coaxial nozzle can get very high kinetic energy in microseconds. Then the particles impact the target or collide with each other to achieve the transfer of kinetic energy to thermal or chemical energy. We utilize the infrared technology to successfully measure the solid particles’ temperature while they impact the target after gathered energy from the supersonic air gas. The results show that the average temperature of the silicon particles with an average particle diameter of 150 [Formula: see text]m after impacting the target is about [Formula: see text]C, and some of the temperature exceed [Formula: see text]C. It dedicates that the kinetic energy of the particles during the collision translate into internal energy indeed. The work of this paper lays a good foundation for further research on the low-temperature solid-phase reaction processes.
Diblock copolymer architecture and complex viscosity
Authors: Kanso Mona A. , Jeffrey Giacomin A. , Saengow Chaimongkol , Piette Jourdain H. 
Published: June 2020

General rigid bead-rod theory [O. Hassager, J. Chem. Phys. 60, 4001 (1974)] explains polymer viscoelasticity from macromolecular orientation. By means of general rigid bead-rod theory, we relate the complex viscosity of polymeric liquids to the architecture of axisymmetric macromolecules. In this paper, we explore the complex viscosities of different axisymmetric diblock copolymer configurations. When nondimensionalized with the zero-shear viscosity, the diblock copolymer complex viscosity depends on the dimensionless frequency and the sole dimensionless architectural parameter, the macromolecular lopsidedness. In this paper, through this way, we thus compare the dimensionless relaxation time of different diblock macromolecular chains. We explore the effects of linear density, macromolecular length, and bead number ratio.
Geomagnetic field variations in the past: an introduction
Authors: Di Chiara Anita , Herrero-Bervera Emilio , Tema Evdokia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the last decades, palaeomagnetic research has provided us with a picture of the temporal and spatial behaviour of the Earth's magnetic field (EMF) from its origin up to the present day. Well-dated palaeomagnetic data offer important sources of information about the past variation of the geomagnetic field and have shown that it is characterized by temporal fluctuations such as reversals, excursions and spikes. Despite the advances in our understanding of EMF behaviour, the current dataset is biased towards high and northern latitudes and, therefore, several questions remain open to debate, such as the origin and evolution of the EMF and the frequency and spatial distribution of its variations. This Special Publication focuses on the study of the temporal and spatial evolution of the EMF in the past through new data from palaeomagnetic and rock magnetic studies of archaeological materials, sediments and lavas from Europe, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, India and Baltic Sea, and their applications in archaeology, stratigraphy and climate. This paper summarizes our current knowledge on geomagnetic field variations in the past, open questions and future challenges and gives an overview of the volume's context, which aims to disclose fundamental properties of the Earth's magnetic field evolution.
Novel Variants of ELP2 and PIAS1 in the Interferon Gamma Signaling Pathway Are Associated with Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Survival
Authors: Zhao Yu Chen , Tang Dongfang , Yang Sen , Liu Hongliang , Luo Sheng , Stinchcombe Thomas E. , Glass Carolyn , Su Li , Shen Sipeng , Christiani David C. , Wei Qingyi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background:
IFNγ is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays critical immunomodulatory roles in intercellular communication in innate and adaptive immune responses. Despite recognition of IFNγ signaling effects on host defense against viral infection and its utility in immunotherapy and tumor progression, the roles of genetic variants of the IFNγ signaling pathway genes in survival of patients with cancer remain unknown.

Methods:
We used a discovery genotyping dataset from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (n = 1,185) and a replication genotyping dataset from the Harvard Lung Cancer Susceptibility Study (n = 984) to evaluate associations between 14,553 genetic variants in 150 IFNγ pathway genes and survival of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Results:
The combined analysis identified two independent potentially functional SNPs, ELP2 rs7242481G&gt;A and PIAS1 rs1049493T&gt;C, to be significantly associated with NSCLC survival, with a combined HR of 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.78–0.92; P &lt; 0.0001) and 0.87 (0.81–0.93; P &lt; 0.0001), respectively. Expression quantitative trait loci analyses showed that the survival-associated ELP2 rs7242481A allele was significantly associated with increased mRNA expression levels of elongator acetyltransferase complex subunit 2 (ELP2) in 373 lymphoblastoid cell lines and 369 whole-blood samples. The PIAS1 rs1049493C allele was significantly associated with decreased mRNA expression levels of PIAS1 in 383 normal lung tissues and 369 whole-blood samples.

Conclusions:
Genetic variants of IFNγ signaling genes are potential prognostic markers for NSCLC survival, likely through modulating the expression of key genes involved in host immune response.

Impact:
Once validated, these variants could be useful predictors of NSCLC survival.
Validation and Disease Risk Assessment of Previously Reported Genome-Wide Genetic Variants Associated With Brugada Syndrome
Authors: Jimmy Juang Jyh-Ming , Liu Yen-Bin , Julius Chen Ching-Yu , Yu Qi-You , Chattopadhyay Amrita , Lin Lian-Yu , Chen Wen-Jone , Yu Chih-Chien , Huang Hui-Chun , Ho Li-Ting , Lai Ling-Ping , Hwang Juey-Jen , Lin Ting-Tse , Liao Min-Tsun , Chen Jien-Jiun , Sherri Yeh Shih-Fan , Chuang Jing-Yuan , Yang Dun-Hui , Lin Jiunn-Lee , Lu Tzu-Pin , Chuang Eric Y. , Ackerman Michael J. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an oligogenic arrhythmic disease with increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest. Several BrS or ECG traits-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified through previous genome-wide association studies in white patients. We aimed to validate these SNPs in BrS patients in the Taiwanese population, assessing the cumulative effect of risk alleles and the BrS-polygenic risk score in predicting cardiac events.

Methods:
We genotyped 190 unrelated BrS patients using the TWB Array, and Taiwan Biobank was used as controls. SNPs not included in the array were imputed by IMPUTE2. Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the associations between each particular SNP, the collective BrS-polygenic risk score, and clinical outcomes.

Results:

Of the 88 previously reported SNPs, 22 were validated in Taiwanese BrS patients (
P
<0.05). Of the 22 SNPs, 2 (rs10428132 and rs9388451) were linked with susceptibility to BrS, 10 were SNPs previously reaching genome-wide significance, and 10 were SNPs associated with ECG traits. For the 3 most commonly reported SNPs, disease risk increased consistently with the number of risk alleles (odds ratio, 3.54;
P
trend
=1.38×10
−9
for 5 risk alleles versus 1). Similar patterns were observed in both
SCN5A
mutation+ (odds ratio, 3.66;
P
trend
=0.049) and
SCN5A
mutation− (odds ratio, 3.75;
P
trend
=8.54×10
−9
) subgroups. Furthermore, BrS patients without
SCN5A
mutations had more risk alleles than BrS patients with
SCN5A
mutations regardless of the range of polygenic risk scores. Three SNPs (rs4687718, rs7784776, and rs2968863) showed significant associations with the composite outcome (sudden cardiac arrest plus syncope, hazard ratio, 2.13, 1.48, and 0.41;
P
=0.02, 0.006, and 0.008, respectively).

Conclusions:

Our findings suggested that some SNPs associated with BrS or ECG traits exist across multiple populations. The cumulative risk of the BrS-related SNPs is similar to that in white BrS patients, but it appears to correlate with the absence of
SCN5A
mutations.
Impact of Left Atrial Appendage Exclusion on Short-Term Outcomes in Isolated Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Mahmood Eitezaz , Matyal Robina , Mahmood Feroze , Xu Xinling , Sharkey Aidan , Chaudhary Omar , Karani Sadia , Khabbaz Kamal 
Published: June 2020

Background:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of left atrial appendage (LAA) exclusion on short-term outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Methods:

We queried the 2010 to 2014 National Readmissions Database for patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft repair with and without LAA ligation by using
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification
procedure codes (
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification
: 36.1xx). Only patients with a history of atrial fibrillation were included in our analysis. The primary outcome of our study was 30-day readmissions following discharge. Secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and stroke. To assess the postoperative outcomes, we used multivariate logistic regression models to adjust for clinical and demographic covariates.

Results:

In total, we analyzed 253 287 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery, 7.0% of whom received LAA closure. LAA exclusion was associated with a greater risk of postoperative respiratory failure (8.2% versus 6.2%,
P
<0.0001) and acute kidney injury (21.8% versus 18.5%,
P
<0.0001), but it did not significantly change the rate of blood transfusions or occurrence of cardiac tamponade. LAA exclusion was associated with a nonsignificant reduction in stroke (7.9% versus 8.6%,
P
=0.12), no difference in in-hospital mortality (2.2% versus 2.2%
P
=0.99), and a greater risk of 30-day readmission (16.0% versus 9.6%,
P
<0.0001). After covariate adjustment, LAA ligation remained a significant predictor of 30-day readmission (odds ratio, 1.640 [95% CI, 1.603–1.677],
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions:
LAA exclusion during isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery in patients with atrial fibrillation is associated with a higher rate of 30-day readmission. Postoperative measures to mitigate the loss of the hormonal and hemodynamic effects of the LAA may increase the therapeutic benefit of this procedure.
Efficacy and Safety of Recanalization Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke With Large Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Hui Wen , Wu Chuanjie , Zhao Wenbo , Sun Huan , Hao Jun , Liang Hongyan , Wang Xian , Li Ming , Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Han Youli , Ji Xunming 
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose:
The optimal recanalization strategy for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion continues to be an area of active interest. Network meta-analysis can provide insight when direct comparative evidence is lacking.

Methods:
A systematic review of the literature using PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and SinoMed was performed, and a search was conducted for clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.gov, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and StrokeCenter.org. Four independent reviewers conducted the study selection, data abstraction, and quality assessments.

Results:
The literature review identified 17 trials including 3236 patients and 8 ongoing clinical trials. Sample sizes ranged from 7 to 656 participants. Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) was the most common intervention, followed by IVT plus mechanical thrombectomy (MT), IVT plus intraarterial thrombolysis, intraarterial thrombolysis alone, and MT alone. In the pooled network meta-analysis, IVT+MT was associated with a higher rate of independent functioning. In contrast, IVT was ranked as the most ineffective treatment strategy with respect to neurological functions, while direct MT was ranked as the least safe intervention with respect to all-cause mortality. Also, irrespective of assessment tools, endovascular treatment plus IVT led to higher successful recanalization rate than thrombolysis alone.

Conclusions:
Compared with other recanalization treatments, IVT+MT seems to be the most effective strategy, without increasing detrimental effects, for thrombolysis-eligible patients with large vessel occlusion-acute ischemic stroke. To improve the current evidentiary basis for recanalization treatment, future trials and real-world studies are warranted and should use unified definitions of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and recanalization.
Mesenchymal Behavior of the Endothelium Promoted by SMAD6 Downregulation Is Associated With Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Microhemorrhage
Authors: Fu Weilun , Huo Ran , Yan Zihan , Xu Hongyuan , Li Hao , Jiao Yuming , Wang Linjian , Weng Jiancong , Wang Jie , Wang Shuo , Cao Yong , Zhao Jizong 
Published: June 2020

Background and Purpose:
In unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs), microhemorrhage portends a higher risk of future rupture and may represent a transitional state along the continuum of destabilization. Exploration of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of microhemorrhage will provide a possible target for medical treatment to prevent bAVM bleeding.

Methods:
We performed RNA sequencing analysis on 34 unruptured bAVM surgical samples. Functional pathway analysis was performed to identify potential signals associated with the microhemorrhagic phenotype. Candidate gene was then investigated in bAVM specimens by immunohistochemical staining. Several functional assays were used to investigate the effects of candidate genes on the phenotypic properties of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Then, Masson trichrome staining and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the phenotypic and molecular changes in bAVM tissue.

Results:
Via RNA sequencing, we identified differential gene expression between 18 microhemorrhagic bAVMs and 16 nonmicrohemorrhagic bAVMs. TGFβ (transforming growth factor-beta)/BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling was associated with the bAVM microhemorrhage group when SMAD6 (SMAD family member 6) was downregulated. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the vascular endothelium of microhemorrhagic bAVMs exhibited decreased SMAD6 expression. Functional assays revealed that SMAD6 downregulation promoted the formation of endothelial cell tubes with deficient cell-cell junctions and facilitated the acquisition of mesenchymal behavior by endothelial cells. Masson trichrome and immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that mesenchymal phenotype of endothelial cells is promoted in microhemorrhagic bAVMs.

Conclusions:
TGFβ/BMP signaling mediated by SMAD6 in vascular endothelial cells is associated with microhemorrhagic bAVMs, and mesenchymal behavior of endothelial cells induced by SMAD6 downregulation is related with bAVM microhemorrhage.
Liturgical Theology as a Research Program
Authors: Geldhof Joris 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This essay is centered around five questions: (i) What is the proper place of liturgical theology? (ii) What past evolutions have there been and what tendencies are there currently in the field of liturgical theology? (iii) What contents should liturgical theologians focus on? (iv) How can liturgical theologians engage in research? And (v): How can liturgical theology appropriately respond to events occurring in Church and society? Each question corresponds to one part. The rationale behind ordering the content this way is the following: starting from a reflection about the non-evident place of liturgical theology, an attempt is made to reposition it on the basis of its genealogy in the Liturgical Movement. It seems that this is a particularly fruitful way to give liturgical theology a proper profile and identity. Correspondingly, liturgical theology can be considered a fully-fledged research program that manifests its usefulness and fruitfulness. In particular, it is shown that liturgical theologians are called to engage in the study of the meaning of Christian worship, and thereby contribute to theology as a whole. They are to employ a variety of methods but should proceed in such a way that directs reflection, research and spirituality always towards the core of liturgy, as established by the history and economy of salvation and culminating in the paschal mystery. If, and inasmuch they do this, they will have a great deal to offer given the complex challenges the Church and theology are confronted with today. The fundamental principle of this entire essay is that liturgical theology does not simply deal with Christian rituals, festivals and sacraments, but with the core of faith itself—God, the world, the Christ event, tradition, Church, and redemption—to the extent that it is embodied and expressed in worship practices.