bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of innovative flow visualisation methods to investigate the stages of Wet Compression Moulding (WCM) process
Authors: Muthuvel Balaji , Bhattacharyya Debes , Bickerton Simon 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The WCM is a novel production technique for fibre-reinforced polymer components. This technique is increasingly adopted in industry, typically in the automotive sector for medium to large-scale production. This process reduces the cost per part significantly by reducing the number of tools and processing steps, relative to Resin Transfer Moulding. To date, the processing variables, their relations and effect on the composite quality have been established through the knowledge gained by technologists. The drive of this research is to develop a fundamental understanding of the impact of process parameters (key process timings and cavity thicknesses, mould closing speed, edge clamping frame dimensions) and material properties (fibre reinforcement compaction response, permeability, and wettability together with test fluid viscosity and surface tension) on textile wetting, impregnation, and resulting composite part quality. In this study, a 480g/m2 non-crimp unidirectional glass fibre reinforcement has been chosen and characterised for compaction response, in-plane, and through-thickness permeability. For ease of handling, motor oil (DTE heavy VG100) has been characterised and used as a test fluid. Two experimental flow visualisation setups have been developed at the CACM to investigate the influence of process and material parameters on initial resin application and textile wetting, and the subsequent compression flow stage.
Synthesis, Characterisation and Mechanical Behaviour of In-situ Al7SiMg/TiB2 Composites Prepared by Salt-Metal Reaction
Authors: Oommen Niranjan , Ajayan Sanjay , Sundaraman Chellam , Sasikumar S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Aluminium based lightweight-high strength metal matrix composites are widely used in applications such as automotive, military, and aerospace because of their improved physical, thermal and mechanical properties. In this work, the synthesis, structural and mechanical characterisation of Al7SiMg/TiB2 composites prepared by the in-situ route was studied. The composites with different amounts (4 and 9 wt. %) of TiB2 particles were developed as a result of the reaction between the molten alloy and the K2TiF6 and KBF4 salts at 810 °C. These composites were examined by XRD and SEM/EDS. The elemental phases present in the composite and presence of TiB2 were confirmed by XRD results. SEM micrographs showed the formation and distribution of micron-sized TiB2 particles mostly along the grain boundary of the alloy matrix. The structure of TiB2 particles was hexagonal. The effect of TiB2 content on the hardness and wear resistance was investigated by using Vickers hardness tester and Pin-on Disc apparatus at room temperature. Increased hardness indicated increased wt. % of TiB2 particles in the composites. The wear data indicated the amount of TiB2 particles influence wear rate and mass loss values, while wear rate and mass loss of material increase with applied normal load and sliding distance.
The flexural properties of self healing fiber reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Jhanji Kanu Priya , Asokan R , Amit Kumar R , Sarkar Sahil 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Fiber reinforced polymer composites have a complex damage prediction and repair mechanism. Such complexities made the researchers to implement new techniques like self healing. Amendments in the existing material can modify its properties. So, it is necessary to study the change in property due to inclusion of self healing in fiber reinforced composite materials. This work aims to investigate the self recovery response of composites prepared by reinforcing glass fibers and carbon fibers in epoxy matrix. The healing was achieved by inclusion of dual microcapsules made of epoxy and hardener encased in separate capsules. To investigate the recovery activity of the composite laminate, a 5mm diameter indentation was produced at the centre of specimen and the healing was monitored by measuring the diameter of indentation after 12 hrs and 24 hrs. To notice the influence of micro-inclusions on flexural strength, flexural test was conducted on neat, indented and healed specimens. It was observed that inclusion of microcapsules did not majorly alter flexural strength of glass fiber reinforced and carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. Results also indicated complete healing of both carbon fiber reinforced polymer and glass fiber reinforced polymer composite specimens with healing efficiency of 103.4% and 101.8% respectively.
Wear testing of polypropylene termina chebula fibres
Authors: Ravindran S , Mani N , Kannan M , Santhosh S , Kamal R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this polypropylene termina chebula composites were developed and studied for wear behaviour at two different applied loads and termina chebula concentrations. Wear tests were conducted using taber abraser or taber abrader apparatus. The composite discs were tested against E100-125 steel disc. The wear test is experimentally investigated for speeds of 500 and 1000 rpm. The specific wear rate of polypropylene reduced on addition of termina chebula powder.
Mechanical Properties of Graphene with Defects and Its Application in Nanocomposites–Brief Overview.
Authors: Arun Prasath S , Rajasekaran G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Graphene, monolayers of two-dimensional (2D) carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice structure have distinct properties in the field of materials especially in Nano composites. Graphene is also a potential nanofiller compared to other materials with better mechanical and thermal properties. However, synthesis of nanomaterial in its pristine form is challenging and defects are unavoidable during the synthesis through various techniques. Even though defects such as point and line defects may retard some physical properties, these are also intentionally created in specific applications such as nanocomposites, nanosensors and others. In this article various mechanical properties of nanofillers such as graphene with defects are compared in the application of composites.
Fire and mechanical properties of polymeric composites with keratin-based flame retardants
Authors: Jung D , Lee H , Kim N K , Bhattacharyya D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Due to the high flammability of polymeric materials, the development of a flame retardant with high-performance, low-toxicity and cost-effectiveness has been one of the most important issues in the polymer industry. To address these requirements, keratinous fibres have been employed for a novel intumescent flame-retardant fabrication. Phosphate loaded keratinous fibres through the sequential infiltration of phosphoric acid and reactive amines have shown a successful demonstration of the self-extinguishment (V0 grade) and ~80% reduced peak heat release rate in the vertical burn test (UL94) and cone calorimeter test, respectively. Owing to the unique char formation behaviour of the fibres with the combined effects of phosphorus compounds, the composites have achieved the improvement of flame retardancy compared to the commercial ammonium polyphosphate/polypropylene composite. Furthermore, the fibre addition has contributed to enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. For the practical application of the new FR, cost reduction capability depending on the type of reactive amine used for the phosphate production in the fibre, has also been investigated.
Processing and testing of Aluminium composites with flyash and SiC as hybrid reinforcements
Authors: Thulasikanth Vaddi , Das Prasannjeet , Naidu Atchan , Basha Ikrar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The current project work lays emphasis on the manufacturing and mechanical testing of an aluminium, Silicon Carbide, fly ash hybrid composite. The metal matrix selected ware aluminium and fly ash, Silicon Carbide constituents in different percentage composition were reinforced in it to manufacture the required hybrid metal matrix composite (MMC).Stir casting method was used to manufacture the MMC with (0, 2.5) (2.5, 0) (2.5, 2.5) % weight of fly ash and Silicon Carbide constituents in aluminium. Tribological analysis of the tribopairs formed between the smooth surfaces of cast iron disc and smooth MMC pin has been taken into consideration, friction force and wear of the MMC were evaluated by using a Pin-on-disc setup. Furthermore the morphological study and mechanical properties were evaluated as per ASTM standards. It was observed that the MMC with (2.5, 2.5)% weight of fly ash and SiC content in aluminium matrix results in higher hardness value and it is also noticed that the hybrid MMC shows very superior wear resistant properties and can be used in applications of disc brakes of two wheeler automobiles.
Locating the Economic and other Performance Centres of Asia using Geodetic Coordinates, Haversine Formula and Weiszfeld’s Algorithm
Authors: Baskar A 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDue to the increasing economic activities in Asia, the Global Economic Centre is moving towards China from the Atlantic Ocean. According to the “Global Growth Generators, Citi Investment Research and Analysis, 2011” report, in the year 2050, India will become the world’s largest economy (GDP: 85.97 trillion USD) closely followed by China (GDP: 80.02 trillion USD). US may slip to the third position with a GDP of 39.07 trillion USD followed by Indonesia (13.93 trillion USD). Japan may be at a distant ninth position with 6.48 trillion USD. The objective of this paper is to locate the performance centres of Asia that include the “Economic Centre” and “Population Centre” for the years 2005, 2010 and 2018. These centres will provide some idea about the concentration of the population and economic activities at a particular point of time. Identifying such Centres can help in supply chain management to establish the optimal ‘Facilities’ to manufacture, distribute or collect. The estimated three Economic Centres confirm the movement of Economic Centre towards China, especially Beijing. Haversine formula is used in combination with the Weiszfeld’s algorithm to locate the centres from the geodetic coordinates.
A Bayesian Model for Prediction of Stroke with Voice Onset Time
Authors: Min Seung Nam , Park Se Jin , Im Jung Nam , Subramaniyam Murali 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in voice onset time (VOT) of stroke patients (elderly) and healthy elderly, and to compare them. Also, to propose a prediction model by considering speech analysis data. One hundred and fifty-three healthy elderly and fourty six stroke patients participated in this research study. Each group performed a plosive pronunciation of a Korean word 3 times, and voice signals were recorded. The speech analysis calculates probability parameters of speech signals. The parameters were mean, standard deviation, minimum value, and maximum value of the voice onset time. Finally, a Bayesian model was prepared with these parameters as inputs to predict stroke. Both groups’ speech signals were analyzed and confirmed that there were significantly different in their VOT parameters. And with the calculated probability of both stroke and healthy elderly, the Bayesian prediction model was proposed for stroke prediction. This present study shows that the proposed prediction model could assist in classifying whether the person having stroke or not through their voice onset time data.
Experimental Investigation of Low Density Sound Insulated Concrete Fabricated Wall Cladding Tiles
Authors: Pradeep S , Karthikeyan R , Rajmohan N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The growing demand for the need of sound insulation in buildings such as hospitals, recreational institutions and religious buildings is rising in recent years. The material used should be of highly sound insulated as well as easy to install. In this study light weight concrete is used as Wall Cladding tiles in the building, as light weight concrete shows satisfactory sound insulation property. The light weight Wall cladding was fabricated by addition of Fiber glass powder and alccofine as a cement replacement and different sizes of Cenosphere such as Cenosphere 300 micron and Cenosphere 425 micron as a fine aggregate replacement. Various parameters of the light weight concrete Wall Cladding tile both physical and mechanical properties were investigated. The test were conducted to determine the compressive strength, and the sound insulation ability of the fabricated Wall Cladding tile. The experimental investigation shows that Wall Cladding fabricated as a light weight concrete has reliable compressive strength of 6.5 N/mm2 and satisfactory sound insulation property.
Emotional Detection and Music Recommendation System based on User Facial Expression
Authors: Metilda Florence S , Uma M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
It is often confusing for a person to decide which music he/she have to listen from a massive collection of existing options. There have been several suggestion frameworks available for issues like music, dining, and shopping depending upon the mood of user. The main objective of our music recommendation system is to provide suggestions to the users that fit the user’s preferences. The analysis of the facial expression/user emotion may lead to understanding the current emotional or mental state of the user. Music and videos are one region where there is a significant chance to prescribe abundant choices to clients in light of their inclinations and also recorded information. It is well known that humans make use of facial expressions to express more clearly what they want to say and the context in which they meant their words. More than 60 percent of the users believe that at a certain point of time the number of songs present in their songs library is so large that they are unable to figure out the song which they have to play. By developing a recommendation system, it could assist a user to make a decision regarding which music one should listen to helping the user to reduce his/her stress levels. The user would not have to waste any time in searching or to look up for songs and the best track matching the user’s mood is detected, and songs would be shown to the user according to his/her mood. The image of the user is captured with the help of a webcam. The user’s picture is taken and then as per the mood/emotion of the user an appropriate song from the playlist of the user is shown matching the user’s requirement.
Analysis of Gesture Recognition to Evaluate Hand Signals
Authors: Uma M , Prabhu S , Metilda Florence S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Human Computer Interaction is an effective tool of intersection between the human intellect and computers leading to improvisation in technology. Gestures help to communicate between two persons very effectively even without saying a word but it is really ideal to note that man’s immense potential and intelligence has motivated him to interact through gestures with his own invention called computer. This paper has been prepared on MATLAB using effectively a simple algorithm and basically deals with the recognition of finger gestures. It is executed by simple steps where initially the image is converted into binary which is followed by cutting the image from the point where the longest finger starts and also an amount from the bottom to get a subtle image and then simply counting the number of white objects (i.e. fingers) and this process is repeatedly done by rotating the image in all the four directions and the result is selected taking into account the outcome of the direction where maximum number of outcomes have occurred provided the background is in a solid colour which can reveal the image of the fingers displayed clearly. The application of this work includes choosing an option from any user interface by merely displaying numbers as per the number of fingers shown. This simple and innovative effort is user friendly and can be effectively used in imparting knowledge especially to differently abled.
A session key authentication system for smart homes
Authors: Jeremy Varghese K , Vinnarasi A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing emerging topic of social, economic and technical significance. The spread of today’s wireless information and communication technologies has changed people’s lifestyle and social interactions - the next frontier is the smart home environments. A smart home consists of low capacity devices (sensors, for example) and wireless networks. These devices are networked together and they need to all work together as a secure system. The proposed scheme aims to offer a secure session key establishment scheme which can then be implemented in smart home networks. Every node (sensor and control unit) uses a small authentication token, along with a random number to establish a session key which is both secure and dynamic. A few popular attacks like denial-of-service and eavesdropping are prevented by the proposed scheme.
Hospital/Home Medical Assistant Robot
Authors: Harikrishnan K S , Stephen Daniel Glad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Now a day’s health-care facilities increasingly depend on health-care staffs. By aging populace, there is an upsurge in number of old people present in the labor force and even in health-care division. It is significant to take care of aging workforce present in healthcare sector. So, for this process hospitals are providing an opportunity to mobile robots because of rapid technological progress accomplished of working and cooperating with humans and surroundings. This paper presents a design of Hospital/home medical assistant robot that consist of both combination of network system and robotics system for transmitting, receiving and sending information to care taker or doctor. As the robot gets a distress signal which is obtained from the patient, it tries to contact the care taker or doctor. If the robot is unable to contact, it will try to find out the location of doctor or the care taker and then display the condition of the patient so that the doctor can act as early as possible. Doctor or caretaker can access the robot at any time and get the live video feed of the patient at any time.
Point of care device for diagnosing and treatment of diabetes related peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Srivishnuprasath K , Karthik Varshini , Ashok Kumar D 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDiabetes is a leading cause of micro vascular complications such as neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease. It is also associated with an accelerating atherosclerosis. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is manifestation of atherosclerosis which can pre date the diagnosis of diabetes. PAD is prevalent in diabetes and has a silent nature of progression. ABI is used as a reproducible and accurate non-invasive method for measurement and detection of PAD and the determination of disease complexity. Toe pressure and Toe brachial index (TBI) is useful in the evaluation of people with medial arterial calcification, where the ABI is considered as less accurate. Hence the aim is to develop a device which can assist humans to predict diabetic vascular disorder and treat them. The proposed system uses the toe brachial index (TBI) for detection of PAD. The normal range of TBI is from 0.5-0.95, below this value the person is diagnosed for PAD and above this value would be considered as unclassified due to calcification of blood vessel. The proposed device is a microcontroller based system that can monitor TBI and accordingly treat the vascular issue by providing compression.
SHAKO—Smart Helmet Arduino Kindled Optimization
Authors: Sengupta Tuhin , Snekhalatha U , Rajalakshmi T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The life of a trained pilot is too precious. Many pilots lose their lives in combat or during training while encountering serious medical conditions due to flying stress, combat action or inability to eject timely due to exceeding ‘G’ tolerance limits. This project is a synergy of sensors and software to actuate pilot ejection system when the physical/health condition of a pilot does not permit to actuate it manually. This invention is much simpler and economical to be installed with a purpose to take critical decision to ‘eject’ at crucial juncture of flight based on the health parameters of the pilot when he/she is unable to take the decision. This device can be a safeguard for the pilots by overriding the incapacitated pilot’s decision-making action, and self-actuating the ejection system to save invaluable lives. Soviet Yak-38 had been installed with automatic actuation of pilot seats in case of failure of one of the two engines while take off or roll exceeding 60 degrees. This system had a preset condition and overrides the skill / capability of the pilot to handle the adverse situation. Whereas, this invention primarily focuses on the health parameters of a pilot by monitoring with help of various sensors and initiates the critical decision to eject when the life of a pilot is threatened. It is an improvement over previous such attempts because the self-actuation of ejection is based on the physical health parameters of an incapacitated pilot rather than based on rigid preset threshold of flying parameters. This invention overtakes the crucial decision-making capability of an incapacitated pilot to eject timely at a minimum safe altitude. This is the reason we have made the best used of our resources to calculate the physical parameters and have optimized to a compact level for easy communication and pilot interface.
Posture alert system for prolonged neck flexion while using smart phones
Authors: Zindahi S , Rashmi K S , Karthik Varshini , Kumar Ashok 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
As the world gets digitalized, the use of smart handheld devices, namely mobile phones, has significantly increased along with the problems associated with their usage. One of the issues that are being faced by the user due to prolonged usage of mobile phones in wrong postures is the bending of the cervical spine. The stress injury caused due to constant neck flexion while using a mobile phone creates a modern spine ailment called Texting Neck or Turtle Neck. The paper discusses a technique by which the user can get prompt alerts with the help of a mobile application that continuously monitors the right posture for holding the mobile phone. This technique uses the inbuilt android mobile sensors such as Accelerometer, Geomagnetic Field Sensor. The warning alerts created in vibrations form, which reminds the user to straighten their posture, which eventually prevents stress injury caused at the cervical neck spine.
Strengthening of RC Beams with M-Sand using external bonding of steel plates
Authors: Suman Pulikonda , Sarath Chandra Kumar B , Ramesh K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Various techniques are initiated for the strengthening of RCC beams to overcome flexural and shear. RCC beams are important load-bearing components in any building structure, but we should strengthen beams when material deterioration, defective design and accidental disasters occurred. In recent years the external bonding of steel plate technique is used for strengthening reinforced concrete beams, which is an effectual way to ameliorate the strength of the RCC beam. In this research 5mm, thick Mild steel plate is used for external bonding, M30 grade of concrete is used with various proportions of Manufacture and Natural sand. The research paper aims to differentiate the compressive, Split tensile and flexural strength of RCC beams with & without steel plates. From comparative results, it was found that the plate bonded beam observes more strength than no plate bonded beam at 50% replacement of M-sand.