bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping co-ancestry connections between the genome of a Medieval individual and modern Europeans
Authors: Ferrando-Bernal Manuel , Morcillo-Suarez Carlos , de-Dios Toni , Gelabert Pere , Civit Sergi , Díaz-Carvajal Antonia , Ollich-Castanyer Imma , Allentoft Morten E. , Valverde Sergi , Lalueza-Fox Carles 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHistorical genetic links among similar populations can be difficult to establish. Identity by descent (IBD) analyses find genomic blocks that represent direct genealogical relationships among individuals. However, this method has rarely been applied to ancient genomes because IBD stretches are progressively fragmented by recombination and thus not recognizable after few tens of generations. To explore such genealogical relationships, we estimated long IBD blocks among modern Europeans, generating networks to uncover the genetic structures. We found that Basques, Sardinians, Icelanders and Orcadians form, each of them, highly intraconnected sub-clusters in a European network, indicating dense genealogical links within small, isolated populations. We also exposed individual genealogical links -such as the connection between one Basque and one Icelandic individual- that cannot be uncovered with other, widely used population genetics methods such as PCA or ADMIXTURE. Moreover, using ancient DNA technology we sequenced a Late Medieval individual (Barcelona, Spain) to high genomic coverage and identified IBD blocks shared between her and modern Europeans. The Medieval IBD blocks are statistically overrepresented only in modern Spaniards, which is the geographically closest population. This approach can be used to produce a fine-scale reflection of shared ancestry across different populations of the world, offering a direct genetic link from the past to the present.
The study of levels from redox-active elements in cerebrospinal fluid of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients carrying disease-related gene mutations shows potential copper dyshomeostasis
Authors: Violi Federica , Solovyev Nikolay , Vinceti Marco , Mandrioli Jessica , Lucio Marianna , Michalke Bernhard 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by a loss of function of motor neurons. The etiology of this disorder is still largely unknown. Gene-environment interaction arises as a possible key factor in the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We assessed the levels of trace metals, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), of 9 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases and 40 controls by measuring their content in cerebrospinal fluid. The following trace element species were quantified using ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: univalent copper (Cu-I), divalent Cu (Cu-II), divalent Fe (Fe-II), trivalent Fe (Fe-III), divalent Mn (Mn-II), trivalent Mn (Mn-III), and also unidentified Mn species (Mn-unknown) were present in some samples. When computing the relative risks for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis through an unconditional logistic regression model, we observed a weak and imprecise positive association for iron (Fe III, adjusted odds ratio 1.48, 95% CI 0.46–4.76) and manganese (total-Mn and Mn-II; adjusted odds ratio 1.11, 95% CI 0.74–1.67, and 1.13, 95% CI 0.79–1.61, respectively). Increased risk for copper was found both in the crude analysis (odds ratio 1.14, 95% CI 0.99–1.31) and in multivariable analysis after adjusting for sex, age, and year of storage (1.09, 95% CI 0.90–1.32). Our results suggest a possible positive association between Cu and genetic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, while they give little indication of involvement of Fe and Mn in disease, though some correlations found also for these elements deserve further investigation.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived secretomes for therapeutic potential of premature infant diseases
Authors: Wang Yu , Long Wei , Cao Yan , Li Jingyun , You Lianghui , Fan Yuru 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Preterm birth is a complex syndrome and remains a substantial public health problem globally. Its common complications include periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Despite great advances in the comprehension of the pathogenesis and improvements in neonatal intensive care and associated medicine, preterm birth-related diseases remain essentially without adequate treatment and can lead to high morbidity and mortality. The therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) appears promising as evidenced by their efficacy in preclinical models of pathologies relevant to premature infant complications. MSC-based therapeutic efficacy is closely associated with MSC secretomes and a subsequent paracrine action response to tissue injuries, which are complex and abundant in response to the local microenvironment. In the current review, we summarize the paracrine mechanisms of MSC secretomes underlying diverse preterm birth-related diseases, including PVL, BPD, NEC and ROP, are summarized, and focus is placed on MSC-conditioned media (CM) and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) as key mediators of modulatory action, thereby providing new insights for future therapies in newborn medicine.
Wind turbine power coefficient models based on neural networks and polynomial fitting
Authors: Carpintero‐Renteria Miguel , Santos‐Martin David , Lent Andrew , Ramos Carlos 
Published: April 2020

The power coefficient parameter represents the aerodynamic wind turbine efficiency. Since the 1980s, several equations have been used in the literature to study the power coefficient as a function of the tip speed ratio and the pitch angle. In this study, these equations are reviewed and compared. A corrected blade element momentum algorithm is used to generate three sets of data representing different ranges of wind turbines, going from 2 to 10 MW. With this information, two power coefficient models are proposed and shared. One model is based on a polynomial fitting, whereas the other is based on neural network techniques. Both were trained with the blade element momentum model output data and showed good behaviour for all operating ranges. In the results, compared to all the algorithms found in the literature, the proposed models reduced the power coefficient error by at least 55% compared to the best numerical approximation from the literature. An error reduction in the power coefficient parameter may have a large impact on many wind energy conversion system studies, such as those treating dynamic and transient behaviours.
Wave amplitude modulation in fan loops as observed by AIA/SDO
Authors: Sharma Aishawnnya , Tripathi Durgesh , Erdélyi Robertus , Gupta Girjesh R. , Ahmed Gazi A. 
Published: April 2020

Aims. We perform a detailed analysis to understand the evolution and dynamics of propagating intensity disturbances observed in a fan loop system.
Methods. We performed multiwavelength time-distance analysis of a fan loop system anchored in an isolated sunspot region (AR 12553). The active region was observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. We measured the phase speeds of the propagating intensity disturbances by employing cross-correlation analysis, and by obtaining the slopes in xt-plots. We obtained original and detrended light curves at different heights of the time-distance maps and characterised them by performing Fourier and wavelet analysis, respectively.
Results. The time-distance maps reveal clear propagation of intensity oscillations in all the coronal extreme ultraviolet (EUV) channels except AIA 94 and 335 Å. We determine the nature of the intensity disturbances as slow magneto-acoustic waves by measuring their phase speeds. The time-distance maps, as well as the detrended light curves, show an increase and decrease in the amplitude of propagating 3 min oscillations over time. The amplitude variations appear most prominently in AIA 171 Å, though other EUV channels also show such signatures. The Fourier power spectrum yields the presence of significant powers with several nearby frequencies in the range of 2–3 min (5–8 mHz), along with many other smaller peaks between 2–4 min. Wavelet analysis shows an increase and decrease of oscillating power around 3 min simultaneous to the amplitude variations. We obtain the modulation period to be in the range of 20–30 min.
Conclusions. Our results provide the viability of occurrence of phenomenon like “Beat” among the nearby frequencies giving rise to the observed amplitude modulation. However, we cannot at this stage rule out the possibility that the modulation may be driven by variability in an underlying unknown source.
FINGERPRINT PATTERN CHARACTERISTICS OF INTELLECTUALLY DISABLED CHILDREN - AN ORIGINAL STUDY
Authors: Soman Meril Ann , Avadhani Ramakrishna , Nallathamby Rani , Jacob Meera , Joseph Charly Chacko 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFingerprint patterns are unique patterns made by friction ridges and furrows present on the pads of finger tips. Uniqueness and persistence are the two underlying features of fingerprint patterns. Aim of this present study was to determine the differences in the incidence of fingerprint patterns in intellectually disabled children compared to normal healthy children. Intellectual disability is a generalized disorder appearing before adulthood and is characterized by limitations in both intellectual functioning and in adaptive behavior. The present study comprising of 120 students (60 intellectually disabled and 60 controls) was carried out in Pediatrics outpatient department, Yenepoya Medical College and Hospital, Mangalore. The incidence of the four fingerprint patterns (Ulnar loop, Radial loop, Whorls and Arches) were determined in both the groups. Ulnar loop pattern had the highest incidence in both the groups and the least incidence was shown by arch pattern. There exists difference in the frequency of the fingerprint patterns in males and females of both the groups. The study was conducted to observe for any difference in the incidence of fingerprint patterns between intellectually disabled and normal children.
PAIN, ANXIETY & FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH LOWER LIMB FRACTURE AND DISLOCATION AFTER OPEN REDUCTION
Authors: Thomas Ambili Alphonse , D'silva Fatima 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA descriptive-co relational study was conducted to assess severity of pain, level of anxiety and functional status of patients with lower th rd limb fracture and dislocation after open reduction from 17th September to 3rd Nov 2012. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the subjects for the study. Data was collected by using demographic proforma, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Beck's Anxiety Inventory and Functional status rating scale. The findings of the study showed that out of sixty samples, majority were males 49(82%). Majority of the subjects 53(88%) were married. Nature of job revealed that 21 (35%) were laborers. 27 (45%) of the subjects had monthly income between 5001-8000 rupees. 32 (53.3%) had no habits of smoking, alcoholism or tobacco chewing. The findings of the study revealed that on the first post-operative day the mean value of pain (8.70), anxiety (22.85) and functional status scores (49.20) was greater than the pain (1.70), anxiety (11.90) and functional status scores (3.453) of the tenth post-operative day. A significant association was found between functional status and age (p=0.043, 0.05 level of significance). No significant correlation was found between severity of pain, level of anxiety and functional status of these patients.
A STUDY TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AN AWARENESS PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE ON SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND ITS CONSEQUENCES AMONG THE STUDENTS OF A SELECTED PRE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF UDUPI DISTRICT, KARNATAKA
Authors: I. Charis Theou , Nayak Asha K , Jose Tessy Treesa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : Adolescence is a fluctuating period wherein they love to do things as they wish and something that gives them a thrill without reasoning and hence they need to be guided.
Objective : Determine the knowledge and find the effectiveness of an awareness program on substance abuse and its consequences among the PU College students.Find the association between the pretest knowledge scores and the selected variables like age, gender, monthly income of parents, and education of parents, birth order and history of substance abuse in the family.
Method : A Pre-test post-test design was used. Fifty three students from Udupi district was selected by convenient sampling. The tool used was knowledge questionnaire on substance abuse and its consequences. Demographic proforma was used to collect the background information. SPSS software version 16 was used for data analysis.
Results : Pretest knowledge shows that 91% of the students had average knowledge and about 2% of the students had poor knowledge whereas only 7% had good knowledge. The post-test result shows that 28(52.8%) students had good knowledge on substance abuse and its consequences. The indices show a steady increase in knowledge from 7.5 % during the pre-test to 52.8% during the posttest with a mean difference of 4.23 between pre-test and post-test at 0.05 level of significance(p>0.001)
Conclusion : Awareness programme helps students to gain knowledge and helps in enlightening their future.
ONCOLOGY NURSE NAVIGATOR PROGRAMME - A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: H. Shejila C , Pai Mamatha S , Fernandes Donald J 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Cancer Care is complex and often requires multiple health care professionals to work in a coordinated and integrated fashion to deliver most effective care available. A team based approach from surgeons, medical oncologists, radiologists, nurse specialists and social worker is required to ensure quality and continuity in care. Specific nursing roles in cancer services are expanding and evolving.
Objective: To explore the role of nurse as navigator in oncology care.
Methodology: Literature survey was conducted from published journals, text books and online databases (CINAHL, Pubmed, Proquest, Ovid, Medline and Science direct) from January 2000 to January 2014 by using terms pivot nurse ,oncology nurse, case manager, nurse navigator ,patient navigator, oncology nurse navigator along with terms oncology or cancer care.
Results: Literature review on nurse navigator programme reveals positive outcomes in various aspects of cancer care, but lack of consensus in study population, intervention settings, outcome measures and methodologies have been noted.
Conclusion: Patient navigation using nurses is viewed as an effective strategy to improve standard of oncology care delivered. This review provides evidence that nurse navigator programme can improve specific patient outcomes in cancer care.
BODY DONATION AS GIFT TO MEDICAL SCIENCE FOR BETTER TOMORROW - LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Jacob Meera , Avadhani R K , Nallathamby Rani , Soman Meril Ann , S. Bindhu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAnatomy is one of the basic and very important subject studied by medical students at the beginning of their medical career. Best method for learning anatomy is by dissection of human cadavers and this forms an indispensable part of training health care professionals. Since the numbers of medical institutions are increasing, there is an increased demand of cadavers for anatomic dissection. Body donation is an act of donating one's body after death for medical research and education. In this article an attempt has been made to collect literature related to body donation, its importance and the ethical issues related to body donation.
EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON PREVENTION OF ICU DELIRIUM AMONG NURSES
Authors: Prabhu Savitha , Shetty Sushmitha , Prabhu Veena , Pais Maria , Kuriakose Basil ,   Ashwini
Published: April 2020

AbstractDelirium is extremely common in intensive care unit (ICU) patient due to comorbidity, critical illness and iatroogenesis. This complication of hospital stay is extremely hazardous in older persons and is associated with prolonged hospital stays. yet ICU nurses and physicians are usually unaware of the presence of hypoactive delirium and only recognize this disturbance in agitated patients (hyperactive delirium).The aim of the study was to assess the existing knowledge of ICU staff nurses regarding ICU delirium and to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on the knowledge of ICU staff nurses regarding ICU delirium. An evaluative approach with one group Pretest Posttest design was used for the study. Fourty samples were selected by using non-probability purposive sampling method, in selected hospitals of Udupi District. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A significant difference between Pretest and Posttest knowledge was found (t=23.95, p=<0.0001). The study findings showed that there significant increase in posttest knowledge of ICU staff nurses regarding ICU delirium. The nurse can identify the delirium early and prevent the complication by treating well in advance.
SPECIAL NEEDS OF SPECIAL CHILDREN-PARENTAL VIEW
Authors: Hegde Amitha M. , Babu Aiswarya Ann , Mohammed Anshad , John Anu , Singh Kanwardeep , C. Preethi V , Shetty Swathi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIndividuals with special health care needs experience poor oral hygiene and periodontal status and are more likely to have unmet dental needs than any other medical needs. The study was conducted to assess the views, attitudes and perceptions of oral health and treatment needs among the parents of 250 children with disabilities at 3 special schools in Mangalore based on questionnaire method. Data collected were subjected to statistical analysis.The educational status of the parents were assessed and it was seen that more than 50% of the parents had school education of class 10 and below. 52% of the parents felt that dental treatment is not as important medical treatment and 69 % of the parent's preferred general dentist and only 12.3% had consulted Pedodontist for any dental needs of their children. Only 11% followed a regular dental check-up and 57% of the parents interviewed visited dentist only when required. 30% of the parents reported lack of awareness as the greatest barrier faced by them in rendering dental care for their children.There was a generalised lack of information regarding oral health and treatment needs seen among the parents of the children with special health care needs. The level of knowledge appeared to be low and the parents were not aware of the unique problems faced by these children.
Red blood cell alloimmunisation and autoimmunisation in transfusion dependent beta thalassemics from Southern India
Authors: K. Mohammed Saleem E. , Mahalingam Soundarya , Shastri Shamee , Bhat Kamalakshi G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe development of red blood cell (RBC) isoimmunization with alloantibodies and autoantibodies complicate transfusion therapy in multiply transfused thalassemia patients. We conducted a study to analyse the frequency in our population. Clinical and antibody profile from 55 multiply transfused thalassemic patients who were receiving transfusions were collected and analyzed prospectively. A commercially available 3 cell antigen panel was used for the antibody screening procedure. If antibody screening with the 3-cell antigen panel was positive, an extended 11-cell antigen panel was used for antibody identification in LISS (Low Ionic Strength Solution). All patients received blood matched for only ABO and Rh (D) antigens. A total of 55 transfusion dependent â thalassemics were included in this study out of which 30 (54.55%) were males and 25(45.45%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.2: 1. Frequency of red cell alloimmunization in this study was found to be 1.8%. None of the patients developed red cell autoimmunization. The alloantibody identified in the the patient who developed alloimmunisation was was anti-K. In conclusion, the transfusion of matched blood is essential for chronically transfused beta thalassemia patients in order to avoid alloimmunization.
Probiotics and oral health : myth or reality?
Authors: Shetty Mamatha S. , Shetty Yashaswini S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHuman being ingests a large number of living microorganisms, predominantly bacteria. Although these organisms are naturally present in food and water, they can also be deliberately added during the processing of foods(1). For several decades now, bacteria called Probiotics have been added to some foods because of their beneficial effects on human health. Several clinical studies have already demonstrated the effectiveness of certain probiotics in the treatment of systemic and infectious disease such as diarrhea, crohns disease, cardiovascular diseases, oropharyngeal infections and cancers(2)
Potential application of probiotics for oral health has recently attracted attention of several teams of researchers. The concept of probiotics therapy has been considered for application in oral health. Dental caries, periodontal diseases and halitosis are among the oral disorders that have been targeted. Hence, this section gives a brief idea of probiotics and its application in oral health.
A Cross sectional study to determine the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and its household awareness in the rural field practice areas of a medical college in Mangalore - A Pilot Study
Authors: D'Souza Agnes Moira Preethi , Kundapur Rashmi , Kiran N. Udaya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major clinical and public health problem accounting for 4.6 million deaths annually world-wide. According to the recent World Health Organization report (WHO), India today leads the world with over 32 million diabetic patients and this number is projected to increase to 79.4 million by the year 2030(2). The recent surveys indicate that Diabetes now affects a large part of the population i.e. 10-16% of urban and 5-8% of rural population in India(1).
Objectives: This study aims at estimating the prevalence of diabetes, the household awareness, the pattern and regularity of health seeking behaviour among the households for diabetes.
Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted among 40 households of Kuttar and Manjanady village of semi urban Mangalore. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire after pre-testing. Questions on awareness were prioritised, scored and then analysed. Likert scale was used to grade the awareness score.
Results: Community prevalence of diabetes was found to be 7.7%. Out of the total population 8.8% of males and 6.8% of females were diabetics. Among the diabetics male and female distribution was equal i.e. 50%. Among the 7.7% of diabetics 50% of the subjects also had Hypertension. Awareness was average among 35% of the subjects. About 27.5% had poor score and 37.5% had very poor score for the awareness.
Conclusions: Community prevalence was low. Lifestyle modification was not present among Diabetics. Awareness was poor among the households.