bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetic scheme of the SDRC rubber synthesis process
Authors: Bronskaya V V , Aminova G A , Manuyko G V , Ignashina T V , Bashkirov D V , Kharitonova O S , Balzamov D S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The research of the chemical kinetics of the SDRC rubber synthesis is performed under the optimal water content in the conditions of the chain transfer and cross-growth reactions. The main reactions of the butadiene polymerization mechanism on a cobalt-containing catalytic system that are a chain growth, a chain transfer to monomer, a chain transfer to polymer, spontaneous chain transfer, a chain cross growth reaction are presented. The main assumptions of the presented kinetic scheme are that active centres of one type are formed at the optimum water concentration, the total concentration of active centres is constant and equal to the initiator concentration, at the optimum water concentration the process is considered “uninterrupted” (there is no deactivation). The article presents the theoretical foundations of chemical kinetics of the SDRC rubber synthesis. The cross-growth reaction of polybutadiene macromolecules is possible only through conjugated double bonds, the number of which in the macromolecule is limited. Therefore, this reaction can carry out without gelation to large monomer conversion values. In this regard, the mechanism of the butadiene polymerization reaction on a cobalt catalyst based on the cross growth reaction of “living” macromolecules with “living” and “dead” macromolecules was also considered.
The Industry 4.0 technological safety
Authors: Gurjanov A V , Shukalov A V , Zharinov I O 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The production processes have some negative consequences for the environment. The potentially ecologically dangerous technologies and equipment require a constant attention form the company board and the controlling State structures. The technical means to provide the production technological safety equal to the appearing technological risks are engineer cyber-system (ECS) to neutralize toxins throwing away to the nature. The ECS support the company life ability and locally placed in categorized production rooms given for auxiliary equipment. The company production and ECS procedure algorithms are done with the intellectual production system to react operatively for critical values of emergencies with negative ecology influences. The production infrastructure conditions correct evaluation is reached with ECSs inquiry to prevent the emergencies from happening. There is a system to classify ECSs, which provide the company technological safety. There is ecologically safe automatic cyber-production architecture where the most efficient format is done with three coils, which constantly interact in production components.
Analysis of the structural determination nickel complexes
Authors: Bisergaeva R A , Sirieva Y N 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe sets of bands in the IR and UV – spectra are the same specific a characteristic of a substance, like a person’s fingerprint. According to these spectra, the substance it can be identified if its vibrational spectrum is already known. In addition, by IR and UV –spectra determine the symmetry and structure of unexplored molecules. Frequencies the main vibrations found from the spectra are necessary for calculating thermodynamic properties of substances. Measuring the intensity of bands in the spectra allows you to quantitative analysis, study chemical equilibria and kinetics of chemical reactions, monitor the progress of technological processes. Nickel (II) ion forms many stable complexes. This work is devoted to the preparation and study of the stereochemistry of nickelphosphine complexes. We obtained nickelphosphine complexes NiBr2(PPh3)2; NiBr2(PCy3)2, and analysed to determine the structure. We studied the magnetic moments of solids from the following spectra in UV-visible (electronic spectra), infrared spectrum (normal range) and far infrared spectrum.
Two-stage leaching of copper-zinc concentrate containing tennantite
Authors: Artykova A V , Melamud V S , Boduen A Ya , Bulaev A G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The goal of the present work was to evaluate the possibility to improve bioleaching of Cu-Zn concentrate containing tennantite by means of using alkaline sulfide leaching (ASL). Concentrate contained 18.1% Cu, 6.2% Zn, and 1.7% As. ASL allows removing arsenic by means of destruction tennantite (Cu12As4S13) that results in the formation of dissolved thioarsenite and CuS and CuS2 in solid residues. ASL was performed under the following conditions: 95°C, pulp density 20%, residence time 6 h, NaOH concentration 3.5M, Na2S concentration 1.5M. ASL residue contained 17.8% Cu, 6.4% Zn, and 0.2% As. Bioleaching of the concentrate and ASL solid residue was performed in stirred tank reactor under the following conditions: 40°C, pulp density 10%, residence time 20 d. Cu extraction reached 21 and 37%, while Zn extraction was 38 and 47% during concentrate and ASL residue bioleaching. The results obtained demonstrated that ASL pretreatment of the concentrate containing tennantite led to significant increase in copper extraction. Therefore, two-stage leaching including ASL and bioleaching may be considered as promising approach for processing tennantite-containing products since it allows avoiding emission of toxic gases and providing comparatively high copper and zinc extraction.
Humus substances content in agrochernozems using for cultivation of oilseeds in the Kansk forest-steppe
Authors: Vlasenko O A , Kurachenko N L , Ulyanova O A , Kazanov V V , Khalilzoda F Kh 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The agrochernozems of the Kansk forest-steppe used for the cultivation of rapeseed and camelina were characterized by a high humus content both in the 0–20 and 0–40 cm layer. The carbon content of humus (Chumus) (Dump) and carbon of water-soluble organic matter (CH2O) had a weak spatial variability (Cv = 1.3-11.7%), the content of carbon extracted with 0.1 n alkali (C0.1 n NaOH) had an average and very high degree of spatial variability (Cv = 18.7-66.1% ) The heterogeneity of the soil cover was a factor determining the average statistical decrease in the content of stocks of all fractions of humic substances, with the exception of water-soluble carbon of humus. Fields with a pronounced meso- and microrelief and the presence of thinner types of agrochernozems are recommended for use for the cultivation of camelina, as a crop less demanding on soil conditions than rape.
Colonization of the young glaciofluvial deposits at the period of the modern climate warming in the North-Chuya glaciation center
Authors: Timoshok E E , Timoshok E N , Raiskaia Yu G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We have investigated the early colonization of plants on the highly disturbed glaciofluvlial deposits of the Aktru valley. The modern colonization of the deposits are occurs in their middle part. It was impossible until the modern climate changes because of harsh disturbance regime which was prevented any colonization in this area by regular destruction of both plants and habitats. Now the regime is milder. 100 species from 31 family and 64 genera are participating in colonization now. The most of involved species are high-mountain ones and belong to Poaceae, Asteraceae and Salicaceae families. Most common growth forms of these plants are perennial hers and shrubs. The colonizing Larix trees are exist only as shrub growth form. The formed communities are underdeveloped and may be considered as existing on the pioneer stage of succession. The plant communities development is slow because of harsh disturbance regime thus forming of young forest similar to those in the higher part of the deposits will require a lot of time.
The impact of fires on the vegetation of the North Baikal islands (Big Ushkan Island)
Authors: Bukharova E V , Luzhkova N M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Based on the pyrogenic successions of Big Ushkan Island (Baikal Lake) being a part of the Zabaybalsky National Park, the changes in the vegetation on the North Baikal islands are studied. The paper presents the outcomes of the first stage of the monitoring. The general features and specificity of changes in the vegetation after the fire of 2015 on the island compared to the valley side are discovered. Fires reduce the diversity of species and increase the biodiversity of the landscape. The biomass of the field layer increases, but that of the wood layer decreases. At the initial stages of the pyrogenic successions, the species composition of the communities depends on the type of fire, the floristic composition of the pre-fire community and the biodiversity of the surrounding territories. The island and the continent feature different paces of the succession processes.
Calculated determination of the flow coefficient through the intake system of the internal combustion engine
Authors: Zholobov L A , Medvedev A V , Pasin A V , Novozhilov A I 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTaking into account the complexity and duration of creating the optimal shape of the flow part of the intake system, it is advisable to use mathematical models in its design and modernization. This not only reduces the cost and speeds up the creation of an optimal air path, but also provides conditions for automating the design process. The calculated determination of the flow coefficient using modern methods allows you to significantly reduce the amount of experimental research and solve the main problems by choosing the optimal combination of structural elements of the intake channels at the design and finishing stage of the engine. A method is proposed for calculating the flow rate through the intake system of an internal combustion engine (ICE) depending on the design features of the intake system elements: the flow resistance coefficient, the average speed of the piston, the cross-section area of the cylinder, the average effective flow of the valve slot, the number of valves, the value of the valve lift, the diameter of the neck. The influence of total losses from gas dynamic resistance is estimated.
Development of a methodology for assessing the impact of vehicles on the acoustic environment
Authors: Lopatin O P 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCurrently, the population of cities is in constant acoustic discomfort, both in production and transport, and in everyday life. Noise sources in cities are diverse. The reason for noise in cities can be mechanical engineering, light and construction industries, while the main source of noise is transport. Its share is 70-80% of the total background noise transmitted through the atmosphere. On major highways, the noise level is 85-92 dB with a maximum sound pressure in the frequency range of 400-800 Hz. In an industrial city, a high percentage of freight transport on highways is common. An increase in the total traffic flow of trucks, especially heavy trucks with diesel engines, leads to an increase in noise levels. Therefore, the development of methods to reduce the noise impact of various man-made sources on the environment of urban areas has become urgent. According to the developed method, you can determine the noise level near the city’s roads.
Emission flame characteristics for cyclic combustion of liquid fuels
Authors: Rossokhin A V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper considers issues related to the emissivity of the flame generated in the cylinder of a high-speed piston internal combustion engine and, in particular, diesel and the effect of soot particles formed during the combustion of motor fuel on this process. The factors determining this process are presented, the data of various researchers involved in these processes are analyzed. Data are presented that establish the relationship between the amount of soot particles formed and the emission characteristics of the flame, on which the thermal loading of the parts of the cylinder-piston group depends.
Mathematical modeling of grain mictures in optimatization tasks of the dump bunker’s kinematic parameters
Authors: Rogovskii I L , Shymko L S , Voinash S A , Sokolova V A , Rzhavtsev A A , Andronov A V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Typically, in the technological processes of agricultural production, machines and equipment are used, where self-loading containers, bunkers, operating on the principle of natural gravitational leakage of friable, grain materials are used for transportation or overload of bulk materials. But the use of such components is justified only for use in the process of harvesting maize ears in the swaths and provided that the start is fed to the collecting hopper of the combine harvester, and after filling it is overloaded in the technological transport by the principle of “dump truck”. When trying to go beyond these limitations to increase transportation or overload of bulk materials, there are objective difficulties that arise from the freezing and sticking of the bulk material in the absence of the gravitational leakage phenomenon. As part of the study described in this article, an analytical description of overcoming these difficulties is proposed. It is based on the fact that the analytical equations of motion of a grain mixture, such as quasi-liquids, allow taking into account the bunker’s turn around the fastening axis during unloading of the grain mixture. This analytical approach allows us to further substantiate the kinematic parameters of self-propelled bunkers of harvesting machines. The mode of the technological process of unloading the dump of the hopper with grain material with a minimum unloading time is analyzed. This means that the obtained scientific result in the form of the equation of motion of a grain mixture, as quasi-liquids, on a sloping plane is interesting from the theoretical point of view. From the practical point of view, the analytical equations of motion of the grain mixture, such as quasi-liquids, allow us to determine the conditions of use of combine harvesters in the technology of plant production. Thus, the applied aspect of using the obtained scientific result is the possibility of improving the typical technological process of harvesting agricultural crops. This is a prerequisite for the transfer of technological solutions to agro-industrial production.
Indicators of massive cluster of nitrogen oxides within the operation of a diesel CI engine on methyl hydroxide
Authors: Anfilatov A A , Chuvashev A N 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNOxcan be formed in the incineration chamber within high-temperature oxidation of azote in the air, as a result of low-temperature oxidation of azote-containing ignitable compounds, due to the collision of hydrocarbon radicals with azote molecules in the incineration reaction zone in the presence of temperature fluctuations. To analyze the education of NOxin the topper of inland incineration CI engine, attempts have been made to apply a bimolecular mechanism. In some cases, using the indicated mechanism, a fairly good agreement was obtained between the experimental and calculated cluster of NOx. The data obtained on variations in the indexes of the massive cluster of NOxwithin the operation of a CI engine on methyl hydroxide are presented in this article. The readings were taken experimentally on a two-topper CI engine at various plant corners for determining ignitable shot.
Features of fuel supply in diesel cylinder when working on methanol
Authors: Chuvashev A N , Anfilatov A A 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe use of alcohols as an alternative fuel has long been a necessary phenomenon, since it allows you to save oil fuel and improve the environmental situation. Vyatka agricultural Academy continues to study the impact of alcohol consumption in diesel engines when they are powered by a dual fuel supply system. The article presents a method for calculating the main parameters of fuel supply.
Methyl hydroxide combustion in a diesel cylinder and its effect on the cluster of carbon black
Authors: Likhanov V A , Anfilatov A A 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn studies of carbon black education on a model setting during the injection of secondary liquid fuel into the combustion products, the existence of an poise operation temperature, i.e., the temperature at which the operation is characterized by poise between the combustion and decay rates of the fuel in thermal terms has been established. The cluster of smokiness education varies depending on changes in the setting fuel injection angle of a CI engine. At the same time, it is possible to determine with certainty the optimal fuel supply angles in the diesel cylinder both when working on diesel oil, and when working on methyl hydroxide with a pilot portion of hydrocarbon fuel.
The effect of methyl hydroxide ignition in CI motor on the volumetric upkeep of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases
Authors: Anfilatov A A , Chuvashev A N 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article presents the results of the education of output values of the volumetric upkeep of NOxin the EG. There are three ways of education of NOx, differing in the method of origin. The education of NOxcan occur in the flame front, in which clusters of atomic oxygen and hydroxyl radical are observed, which are several orders of magnitude higher than the equilibrium ones in the zone of ignition products. The calculated data on the education of NOxin the CI motor cylinder by two reactions of the chain mechanism and the reaction of the bimolecular mechanism by equilibrium clusters in the zone of ignition products are in good agreement with the experimental ones.
The influence of adjustment parameters on the performance of the combustion process
Authors: Likhanov V A , Rossokhin A V 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe paper analyzes the use of natural gas as a motor fuel for an automobile diesel engine of 4CHN 11,0/12,5 dimension and its effect on the indicators of the combustion process depending on the change in the value of the installation angle of advance of fuel injection. It was found that when switching to gas engine fuel, the installation angle of the fuel injection advance can be maintained at the level of basic modification, which makes the conversion process technically simple from the point of view of operation. The values of the parameters characterizing the combustion process when converted to natural gas are within acceptable limits, and a number of parameters even improve their value.
Collagen-based hydrogel functionalized with rhBMP-2
Authors: Galitsyna E V , Bukharova T B , Vasilyev A V , Osidak E O , Domogatsky S P , Goldshtein D V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The study showed the cytocompatibility, matrix, and osteoinductive properties of collagen-fibronectin hydrogel impregnated with rhBMP-2. After 7 days of MSCs incubated with osteoplastic material the cell viability was 93.4 ± 3.6%. Expression of osteoblast-related genes after 14 days was increased by 1.4-4.8 times. Furthermore alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium ion quantity in cell lysates were increased by 2 and 2.7 times. It was accompanied by extracellular matrix mineralization. The results indicate that rhBMP-2 fully retains its activity inside the collagen-based material. The use of rhBMP-2 at a concentration of 1 μg/ml was ineffective and unable to induce osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. An effective osteoinductive concentration of rhBMP-2 was determined as 10 μg/ml.
The effect of combustion of methyl hydroxide in the CI on toxic indicators is characteristic of changes in load and speed
Authors: Likhanov V A , Anfilatov A A 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIt should be noted that the harmful substances emitted by manufacturing enterprises are concentrated over a huge radius in a certain area, and the EG of automobiles are distributed throughout the territory of the settlement. At the same time, cars pollute the atmosphere with hydrocarbons and NOx by 30%, carbon oxides by 90%. Under adverse conditions, toxic mists are formed in the surface layers of the atmosphere, the so-called smogs, which contain toxic components of EG - hydrocarbons and NOx. There are over 100 different components in the EG of automobile motors, most of which are toxic. The approximate composition of the EG of gasoline and CI motors. The reason for the formation of hydrocarbons CH is the heterogeneity of the composition of the combustible mixture in the combustion chamber of the motor, as well as the unevenness of temperature and pressure in its various parts. In some combustion zones, the fuel practically does not burn out, as the chain reaction of hydrocarbon oxidation breaks.
Algological assessment of oil pollution in ecotonic ecosystems
Authors: Sharipova M Yu , Dubovik I E , Putenikhin V P , Akhmedyanov D I , Gabidullina G F , Gulamanova G A , Teltsova L Z , Turyanova R R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of oil pollution on the transformation of algocenoses of water-ground ecotone. The species composition, abundance, occurrence of cyanobacteria and algae in water-ground ecotone under the influence of oil pollution has been studied. A comparison of the algoflora of different ecotone sites was made taking into account the nature of the higher plants. Sixty-five taxa of algae were identified with a rank below the genus belonging to the 4th divisions. The division dominant in the number of species is Bacillariophyta (37%), Cyanoprokaryota (Cyanophyta) (31%), Chlorophyta (27%), Xanthophyta (5%). The leading families were Pseudanabaenaceae, Phormidiaceae, Cocconeidaceae. Among the genera, the genus Leptolyngbya is in first place. The littoral zone of the lake was dominated by diatomic algae. A wide range of species of cyanobacteria and green algae were observed in soil samples, leading families and genera by species occurrence were members of the families Nostocaceae, Pseudanabaenaceae. Environmental analysis has shown that hydrophilic and edadophilic species belonging to P-, Ch-, CF-, C and B-life forms play a significant role in the formation of soil algae communities. The nature of the higher plants is less than oil pollution determines the composition of the algoflora. With the emergence of oil contamination in the ecotone, the number of cyanobacteria and algae, the survival rate of soil algae and, to a lesser extent, benthic species is reduced.
Estimation of reclamation conditions for technogenic landscapes in Khakassia
Authors: Gurkova Evgenia , Androkhanov Vladimir 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article presents the results of complex assessment of the resources needed to carry out the reclamation of technogenic landscapes at coal-mining enterprises in Khakasia. An assessment based on analysis of regional natural factors (climate, soil-forming rocks, soil and vegetation cover). According to the results, regionalization of the territory by resource availability was carried out. It is shown that the region is characterized by a deficit of moisture, which is growing from south to north. The resources of potentially fertile rocks and the fertile soil layer range from acute deficiency to sufficient. In the southern part of Khakasia, where coal mining sections are located, insufficient resources of the fertile soil layer are noted. In such conditions, the implementation of the main areas of reclamation is limited.