bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract C107: Surveillance mammography and Ffllow-up care in Black and White breast cancer survivors
Authors: Edmonds Megan C , Kim Sunny J , Sheppard Vanessa B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose Adherence to surveillance mammography following a breast cancer (BC) diagnosis is a pivotal way to mitigate late stage BC recurrences and ultimately mortality for breast cancer survivors (BCS); yet there are stark racial disparities in adherence to routine follow-up care post-treatment. This study seeks to address disproportionately low adherence rates to breast surveillance guidelines among Black BCS, when compared to White counterparts, by evaluating environmental, social, and psychosocial factors (e.g., attitudes, knowledge) that may influence survivor’s adherence to surveillance mammography. Methods The mixed method designs involve recruiting and screening Black and White BCS concurrently through an epidemiologic survey and online focus groups via social media platforms (e.g., Facebook, Instagram Quora reddit). Data from survey will employ descriptive and bivariate statistics to assess the relationship between environmental, social and psychosocial factors with surveillance mammography and follow-up care. Guided by the Integrated Behavioral Prediction conceptual framework, thematic and linguistic analyses will be conducted for the online focus group text data to find emergent themes and subthemes. Results This study will provide preliminary results highlighting primary factors (e.g., barriers, facilitators) that influence adherence, by race. Our findings will focus on associated factors for women’s adherence to surveillance mammography, to inform survivorship guidelines and clinical practice. Conclusion Knowledge gained from the study will provide clinicians crucial points of communication; identify important modifiable factors needed in survivorship behavioral interventions, and inform strategies for screening messages. Furthermore, understanding factors that support adherence to surveillance mammography among Black BCS will uncover novel approaches to educate and reach this group in efforts to reduce survival disparities.
Citation Format: Megan C Edmonds, Sunny J Kim, Vanessa B Sheppard. Surveillance mammography and Ffllow-up care in Black and White breast cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C107.
Abstract D001: Can small area estimates explain variation in cancer outcomes? 500 cities’ tobacco use estimates and prostate cancer mortality in Philadelphia
Authors: Klassen Ann C , McIntyre Russell , Boamah Maxwell , Keith Scott , Tabb Loni , Ziegler-Johnson Charnita 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in U.S. men, and racial disparities in incidence and mortality persist. Tobacco use has been associated with aggressive histologic grade and mortality; however, population-based cancer registries have limited data on lifetime tobacco use or SHS exposure. Community-level small-area estimates calculated from individual-level survey data offer a useful tool for understanding neighborhood effects, and estimating individual behaviors when direct observation is not feasible. Methods: This project used data on all 2005-2014 incident prostate cancer cases in Philadelphia, a city with high burden from both tobacco use and poverty. Using multi-level models, the odds of death from prostate cancer were estimated in relation to individual case characteristics (age, race, year of diagnosis, and tumor histologic grade) and Census tract-level estimates of tobacco use, using CDC’s 500 Cities small area estimates. Mediation analyses were used to examine whether tobacco use plays a role in the relationship between race and both aggressive histologic grade and prostate cancer related mortality. Results: From 2005-2014, 6% of the 10621 cases died from prostate cancer. Cases residing in Census tracts with higher estimated proportion of adults who smoke were more likely to have aggressive grade tumors, and more likely to die from their cancer. Analyses revealed that aggressive grade partially mediated the relationship between tobacco use and cancer death, and that tobacco use partially mediated the relationship between black race and cancer death. Conclusions: Findings support the utility of small area estimates for investigating area-level influences in exploratory studies.
Citation Format: Ann C Klassen, Russell McIntyre, Maxwell Boamah, Scott Keith, Loni Tabb, Charnita Ziegler-Johnson. Can small area estimates explain variation in cancer outcomes? 500 cities’ tobacco use estimates and prostate cancer mortality in Philadelphia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr D001.
Abstract D013: EHE Foundation
Authors: Deoras-Sutliff Medha 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The EHE Foundation leads the global fight against this rare vascular cancer, considered a sarcoma sub-type. Our mission is to seek treatments and a cure for Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma (EHE) by increasing awareness, pursuing scientific research, advocating for and supporting EHE patients, and bridging information between researchers, providers and patients. Developing and funding a comprehensive and scientifically rational research strategy is a priority. Connecting to partners and constituents in the sarcoma community but also world-wide through sister charities in Canada, UK and Australia helps streamline and focus research and patient support efforts. Alone we are Rare, Together we are Stronger.
Citation Format: Medha Deoras-Sutliff. EHE Foundation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr D013.
Abstract D014: Assessing an intervention to increase cervical cancer knowledge and HPV vaccination knowledge among predominantly African American communities in South Carolina
Authors: Ford Marvella E , Cannady Kimberly , Hazelton NiAsia , Knight Kendrea D , Lawton Claudia , Malek Angela M , Salley Judith D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is linked to cervical cancer incidence. The HPV vaccine has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of HPV infection and subsequent cervical cancer diagnosis. Unfortunately, African Americans (AA) show lower uptake of the HPV vaccine than other groups. Underuse of the HPV vaccine has been linked to lack of knowledge of its effectiveness in preventing cervical cancer. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate an educational intervention to improve cervical cancer knowledge and HPV vaccine knowledge among predominantly AA communities in South Carolina (SC). METHODS: The study was conducted in a convenience sample of residents of five SC counties with high racial disparities in cervical cancer mortality rates that were recruited by community partners. The intervention consisted of a 4.5-hour educational session with 8 different components including a 30-minute cervical cancer/HPV vaccination knowledge component. Pre-and post- intervention surveys were administered. MEASURES: A 7-item investigator-developed instrument was used to evaluate pre-/post-intervention changes in cervical cancer knowledge and HPV vaccination knowledge. The items were based on the investigators’ review of the contemporary literature on the topics of cervical cancer, HPV infection, and the HPV vaccine. RESULTS: The first sample consisted of 64 participants from last year and this year participants consisted of 28 which make 92 in all (99% AA). Most of the participants who reported age were 50+ years. Among those who reported gender, 90% were female. Among those who reported income, 80% had an annual household income &gt;$40,000. Seventy-two percent of the participants who reported their educational level had received at least some college training. Conclusions: Providing cervical cancer and HPV vaccination information leads to increasing knowledge related to cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine. In the future study, the investigators will evaluate changes in the pre-/post-intervention. HPV vaccination uptake rates in the five counties where the intervention was conducted.
Citation Format: Marvella E Ford, Kimberly Cannady, NiAsia Hazelton, Kendrea D Knight, Claudia Lawton, Angela M Malek, Judith D Salley. Assessing an intervention to increase cervical cancer knowledge and HPV vaccination knowledge among predominantly African American communities in South Carolina [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr D014.
Abstract D018: Dietary and cultural practices of minorities in New York City as an indicator of colorectal cancer screening behavior and screening intent
Authors: Johnson Cicely K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
There are significant racial and gender disparities in health behaviors and health outcomes in the United States, and these differences are vast and not well understood. As colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer diagnosed in both men and women in the United States, and African Americans have the highest colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates of all racial groups in the U.S., it is essential to ascertain the interplay between individual health behaviors that may be unique racial patterns, and health outcomes. This research study is a pilot study that is a part of a larger study with existing preliminary data on the intersection between diet and colorectal cancer. This pilot study examines dietary habits and practices of individuals identifying as Black as a predictor for colorectal cancer screening. This study will assess the relationship between dietary habits and screening behavior and intent. This study will evaluate the correlation between individuals with a higher intake of healthy options and their intent to screen for colorectal cancer within a year. The novelty of this study is rooted in its utilization of a study sample that includes participants who are not currently age eligible for screening according to the new recommended guidelines, but will be age eligible within the next five years, utilization of a novel variable such as dietary habits to correlate with screening behavior and intent, extracting differences by gender, and extracting differences by ethnicity. Future work of this study will be concerned with gathering qualitative data around the interrelationship of culture and diet as it pertains to screening behavior and intent, and the multiple variations of that interrelationship by ethnicity. Results of this significant study can provide health educators, providers and policy makers information that is critically necessary in an effort to create culturally relevant health promotion materials within the diverse Black community.
Citation Format: Cicely K. Johnson. Dietary and cultural practices of minorities in New York City as an indicator of colorectal cancer screening behavior and screening intent [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr D018.
Abstract D086: Assessing patient-level knowledge of precision medicine in a community health center setting
Authors: Aldrich Melinda C , Blot William J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Factors influencing cancer treatment decisions require comprehension of genetic tests, risk stratification, and treatment options. This comprehension in turn requires understanding of numeracy, genetic literacy, health literacy, and medical trust, all important for acceptance and implementation of precision medicine. Using a mixed methods approach, we sought to identify patient-level factors influencing the understanding of cancer risk and precision medicine among community health center patients. At a community health center in Nashville, Tennessee we enrolled 26 English-speaking patients between the ages of 40-79 years who were either a cancer patient (n=4), had a family member with cancer (n=20), and/or were previously a caregiver for a cancer patient (n=15). The participants enrolled in one of four focus groups, and also completed surveys to assess patient-level understanding of precision medicine, numeracy, and health literacy. We used a three-item health literacy screening questionnaire and the Subjective Numeracy Scale to assess health literacy and numeracy, respectively. Participants were median age 60, 89% African American and 77% female, with 35% having a high school degree or less and 35% a household income of ≤$15,000. While health literacy was generally high (≤15% reported low confidence in filling out medical forms, understanding medical information, or needing help to read the information), 42% felt that genes or genetics had little impact on health and most reported little familiarity with precision medicine (69%), pharmacogenetics (77%), biomarkers (81%) or biobanks (81%). The majority of participants reported that trust in their providers was extremely or very important when receiving genetic tests (77%) and over 60% felt receiving genetic test results was extremely important. Numeracy levels were moderate, with nearly half reporting some discomfort working with fractions and 38% finding numerical information only occasionally useful. The findings suggest that many patients lack familiarity with precision medicine concepts relevant for understanding cancer treatment decisions. Future efforts in digital technologies may be able to help bridge the gap in patient understanding and allow medically underserved populations to have equitable opportunities for precision medicine.
Citation Format: Melinda C Aldrich, William J Blot. Assessing patient-level knowledge of precision medicine in a community health center setting [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr D086.
Abstract D114: VIitamin D signaling of immune-related genes in diverse prostate cancer cancer cell lines
Authors: Bathina Madhavi , Woods-Burnham Leanne , Walker Mya S , Kimbro K Sean , Kittles Rick A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: African American (AA) men are disproportionately affected by both prostate cancer (PCa) and vitamin D deficiency compared with European American (EA) men. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to increased PCa aggressiveness and mortality. Inflammation also plays an important role in PCa pathogenesis and progression, and expression of immune-related in genes in PCa tissues differs significantly between AAs and EAs. While evidence linking vitamin D and immune response to PCa remains scarce, previous studies demonstrated that vitamin D has anti-inflammatory effects in prostate tissue and mediates immune-related gene expression. Therefore, we hypothesize that vitamin D deficiency in AA men may alter the expression of immune-related genes associated with prostatic inflammation and PCa progression. METHODS: This study examined the effects of vitamin Don the expression of vitamin D- and immune-related genes. Weexposed a racially diverse panel of PCa cell lines—MDA-PCa-2b (AA), RC77T/E (AA), PC3 (EA), 22Rv1 (EA), and DU145 (EA)—to various concentrations (2.5 nM, 10 nM, 50 nM) of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) for 24 hours, and quantified transcript levels and protein expression of VDR, RXRa, RXRb, LRP2, CYP27B1, GDF15, GFRAL, TNFa, IL6, IL8, and IGFBP3 with qPCR and immunoblotting. RESULTS:All cell lines expressed basal levels of VDR, RXRa, and RXRbconfirming the function of vitamin D signaling within PCa cells. Of the downstream immune-related genes tested, we observed a trend demonstrating that vitamin D treatment induced the greatest upregulation in either transcript and/or protein levels among the AA PCa cell lines RC77T/E and/or MDA-PCa-2b. In particular, LRP2, GDF15, TNFa, IL6, IL8, and IGFBP3 significantly increased in AA PCa cell lines exposed to either 25(OH)D or 1,25(OH)2D. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide insight into a potential differential regulation of immune-related pathways by vitamin D in AA men compared to EA men with PCa. Further studies are warranted to better define the immune profile in prostatic tissue in response to vitamin D deficiency in AA men, and the downstream inflammatory effects on the microenvironment and tumor aggressiveness.
Citation Format: Madhavi Bathina, Leanne Woods-Burnham, Mya S Walker, K Sean Kimbro, Rick A Kittles. VIitamin D signaling of immune-related genes in diverse prostate cancer cancer cell lines [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr D114.
Abstract D132: The association between Insurance and lung cancer survival: The relative contributions of sociodemographic, tumor, treatment, and neighborhood factors
Authors: Liu Ying , Lian Min , Colditz Graham 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Health insurance is associated with lung cancer treatment and survival. It remains unclear to what extent insurance-associated survival disparities are attributed to prognostic factors of lung cancer. Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results dataset, we identified 127,784 patients (age&lt;65) diagnosed with lung cancer between 2007 and 2016. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) of lung cancer-specific mortality. Relative contributions of prognostic factors to survival disparities were quantified by percent changes in HRs with sequential adjustment for marital status, socioeconomic deprivation, rurality, cancer stage, size, histology, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Difference in differences analysis was performed to examine the associations between Medicaid expansion and changes in proportions of no insurance and early-stage diagnosis, and 2-year survival rates. Compared with privately insured counterparts, the risk of cancer-specific mortality was significantly increased in uninsured men (HR=1.51, 95% CI 1.47-1.56; 5-year absolute risk difference (ARD)=12.5%, 95% CI 11.6%-13.3%) in uninsured men, Medicaid men (HR=1.36, 95% CI 1.33-1.39; 5-year ARD=9.6%, 95% CI 9.0%-10.3%), uninsured women (HR=1.66, 95% CI 1.59-1.72; 5-year ARD=17.0%, 95% CI 15.8%-18.2%), and Medicaid women (HR=1.41, 95% CI 1.38-1.45; 5-year ARD=12.0%, 95% CI 11.2%-12.9%) after adjustment for age, race, and registries. Further adjustment for the aforementioned factors explained 63.7%-70.6% of survival disparities. Medicaid expansion was associated with a greater reduction in uninsured rates (2.0 percentage point (ppt), p&lt;.0001), and a greater increase in the proportion of early-stage diagnosis (2.1 ppt, p&lt;0.01) and 2-year survival (1.3 ppt, p=0.04) in men only, after adjustment for covariates. The study provided evidence for worse survival in uninsured and Medicaid lung cancer patients compared with privately insured counterparts, more than half of which were attributable to sociodemographic, tumor, treatment, and neighborhood factors. Medicaid expansion was associated with shift towards early-stage diagnosis and improvements in short-term survival in men with lung cancer.
Citation Format: Ying Liu, Min Lian, Graham Colditz. The association between Insurance and lung cancer survival: The relative contributions of sociodemographic, tumor, treatment, and neighborhood factors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr D132.
Abstract IA15: Breast cancer screening opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Chong Alice 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Breast cancer, the most common cancer in women worldwide, is largely curable in high-income countries when detected early. In the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including those in sub-Saharan Africa, breast cancer usually presents as a late-stage disease that is associated with high mortality rates. Using specific country examples, the presentation covers tailored strategies for breast cancer screening and early detection in low-resource settings, which should be undertaken only after diagnostic and treatment infrastructure is assured.
Citation Format: Alice Chong. Breast cancer screening opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr IA15.