bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of essential oil extracted from pompia leaves against Penicillium digitatum
Authors: Danzi Donatella , Ladu Gianfranca , Veltkamp Prieto Cristina , Garitas Bullon Amada , Petretto Giacomo L , Fancello Francesco , Venditti Tullio 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn recent years, interest in the use of natural compounds as possible substitutes for chemicals, to prevent microbial food spoilage has grown. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils (EOs) is well known and nowadays there is renewed interest in their application as natural preservatives in postharvest management. The aims of this study were to characterize the EO extracted from pompia leaves and to evaluate its effectiveness for the control of the postharvest decay agent Penicillium digitatum, when applied as vapor contact in new airtight boxes, supplied with a heating system.RESULTSFumigation was performed in vitro and on food using two concentrations of the EO, heated at controlled temperature. The headspace analysis revealed that the heating of the EO favored the evaporation of the volatile compounds, without altering their functionality. The treatments reduced the pathogen growth in vitro and rot on inoculated food by about 50%.CONCLUSIONThe chemical analysis of the vapor composition demonstrated that heating the oil did not alter the components and thus the antimicrobial effect of the oil. The treatment by vapor contact with the EO was effective in controlling the pathogen growth in vitro but, above all, it was successful in halving rot in vivo. Due to their bioactivity in the vapor phase, EOs could be delivered as fumigants during postharvest protection; however, the techniques commonly employed are not ideal for simulating real pre‐treatment conditions. The new device allows real large‐scale conditions to be reproduced. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Photobiomodulation Decreases Hyperalgesia in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: An Experimental Mouse Model Subjected to Nicotine
Authors: Rodrigues Mariana , Cardoso Ramon B. , Kuriki Heloyse U. , Marcolino Alexandre M. , de Oliveira Guirro Elaine Caldeira , Barbosa Rafael I. 
Published: March 2020

Background and ObjectivesComplex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is defined as an extreme and chronic pain condition, and photobiomodulation has relevance as a complementary treatment for CRPS. The objective of this study was to verify the effects of photobiomodulation (PBMT) therapy protocols at two wavelengths 660 and 830 nm, associated or not to nicotine in complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS‐I).Study Design/Materials and MethodsSixty‐four Swiss mice were divided into the following groups: (i) Naive, (ii) Sham, (iii) Control, (iv) 660 nm, (v) 830 nm, (vii) Nicotine, (vii) Nicotine/660 nm, and (viii) Nicotine/830 nm. CRPS‐I was induced in an experimental ischemia/reperfusion model by affixing an elastic ring, proximal to the ankle joint of the right hind mouse paw, for 3 hours. Nicotine, in the respective groups was administered for 28 days prior to the induction of CRPS‐I. PBMT was applied immediately after the procedure and for 20 consecutive days. The animals were evaluated for mechanical hyperalgesia, thermal hyperalgesia, paw edema at baseline and for 7, 14, and 21 days. Statistical analyses comprised a mixed‐effects model, using the Tukey post hoc test (P < 0.05).ResultsThe PBMT wavelengths in 660 and 830 nm groups had beneficial effects (P < 0.05) in reducing mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia, but the effects at 660 nm were significantly better than 830 nm. At reducing edema, both wavelengths had significant effects statistically, absolutely no difference between them.ConclusionsThe use of PBMT (660 and 830 nm) was effective in reducing mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia; however, PBMT at 660 nm generated significant results. In reducing edema, both wavelengths had similar effects, which were significant statistically. The deleterious effects of nicotine were evident statistically and were softened when treated with PBMT (P < 0.05). Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Al2O3–TiO2 composite coatings with enhanced anticorrosion properties for 316L stainless steel
Authors: Dai Jiamin , Yang Jiaqi , Zhuge Lanjian , Wu Xuemei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract316L stainless steel is used as an important structural material in various industries. However, its service life is limited in the presence of chloride ions due to severe chemical corrosion. Herein, a facile radiofrequency magnetron sputtering process is reported for the synthesis of various Al2O3–TiO2 composite coatings as an anticorrosion layer for 316L stainless steel substrates. The enhanced chemical stability of Al2O3–TiO2 composite coatings was investigated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, and X‐ray diffraction measurements. Moreover, the high specific surface area of Al2O3–TiO2 composite coatings displayed better hydrophobic property which can be confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurements. Finally, the direct characterization of anticorrosion properties was carried out using electrochemical tests. All of the above results exhibited the enhanced anticorrosion properties of Al2O3 coating after the incorporation of TiO2. Significantly, the Al2O3–TiO2 composite coatings with 15.56% Ti content provided the best corrosion resistance for 316L stainless steel.
Listening to mother: Long‐term maternal effects in mammalian development
Authors: Ruebel Meghan L. , Latham Keith E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe oocyte is a complex cell that executes many crucial and unique functions at the start of each life. These functions are fulfilled by a unique collection of macromolecules and other factors, all of which collectively support meiosis, oocyte activation, and embryo development. This review focuses on the effects of oocyte components on developmental processes that occur after the initial stages of embryogenesis. These include long‐term effects on genome function, metabolism, lineage allocation, postnatal progeny health, and even subsequent generations. Factors that regulate chromatin structure, genome programming, and mitochondrial function are elements that contribute to these oocyte functions.
Anxiety, distress, and pain in pediatric urodynamics
Authors: Finkelstein Julia B. , Cahill Dylan , Graber Kelsey , Tulley Kelsey , O'Connell Brianna , Mednick Lauren , Rosoff James S. , Bauer Stuart B. , Weinstock Peter , Estrada Carlos R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsNo one has assessed urodynamic studies (UDS) to determine those steps that elicit the greatest anxiety, distress, and pain in children. We sought to systematically evaluate a child's UDS experience to mollify these reactions.MethodsProspective study involving children aged ≥5 undergoing UDS over a 6‐month period (from 10 December 2018 to 22 May 2019). Upon arrival, patients completed a visual analog scale for anxiety (VAS‐A, 0‐10) about the upcoming procedure. A research assistant assessed the patient's behavior during each major step of UDS using a validated brief behavioral distress scale. Nursing staff also obtained patients’ pain ratings (0‐10) for these key elements. Immediately after UDS, each child completed a posttest VAS‐A along with a survey about the UDS experience.ResultsA total of 76 UDS were observed; almost half included sphincter needle electromyography (EMG). Mean patient VAS‐A scores were 2.3 before UDS, compared to 0.8 afterward (P < .001). The highest proportion of distressful behaviors were observed during EMG needle (31%) and urethral catheter (29%) insertion, in agreement with the highest mean pain scores of 3.2 and 2.7, respectively. Fifty‐four percent of children reported not being completely aware of what was going to happen before the procedure and 50% of those patients exhibited at least one interfering or potentially interfering behavior. Similarly, 60% of children with no prior history of UDS exhibited at least one interfering or potentially interfering behavior.ConclusionsEMG needle and urethral catheter placement, initial urodynamic testing and not knowing what to expect were associated with greater pain and distress during pediatric UDS.
One‐step Synthesis of End‐Functionalized Hydrogenated Nitrile‐Butadiene Rubber by Combining the Functional Metathesis with Hydrogenation
Authors: Liu Juan , Sun Jingyu , Zhang Zhengguo , Yang Hui , Nie Xiaojuan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEnd‐functionalized hydrogenated polymers obtained from nitrile‐butadiene rubber (NBR) yield new materials with suitable properties for a number of applications as sealing material and adhesives. We investigated the one‐step synthesis of ester end‐functionalized hydrogenated nitrile‐butadiene rubber (EF‐HNBR) by combining the functional metathesis with the hydrogenation of NBR in the presence of the 2nd generation Grubbs catalyst and a functionalized olefin as a chain transfer agent (CTA). We established the operating conditions for the effective production of saturated functional polymers with a high degree of hydrogenation, high chemo‐selectivity and moderate molecular weight. The structures of the products were confirmed by FT‐IR and 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, rubber molecular weight, and distribution determined by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC); their thermal properties were determined by thermo‐gravimetric analysis (TGA) and different scanning calorimetry (DSC).
Rheological, tensile, and thermal properties of poly(butylene succinate) composites filled with two types of cellulose (kenaf cellulose fiber and commercial cellulose)
Authors: Soatthiyanon Niphaphun , Aumnate Chuanchom , Srikulkit Kawee 
Published: March 2020

AbstractKenaf cellulose fiber was extracted from kenaf locally grown in Thailand as a potential local renewable resource for the cellulose fiber. In this study, the biodegradable polymer composites, poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/cellulose fiber composites with different types of cellulose were prepared. The kenaf fiber treated with hydrochloric acid (KTH), extracted cellulose fiber (EC), and commercial cellulose fiber (CC) were selected as alternative renewable fillers in the PBS (the biodegradable polymer). Regarding the fiber characteristics, the aspect ratio of the EC (11.5) was found to be higher than that of the CC (6.1). In a similar manner, the EC contained 65.9% crystallinity, which was higher than that of the CC (37.0%) and the KTH (58.9%). Moreover, the EC exhibited higher thermal stability (Td[Max] = 362.9°C) than the CC (Td[Max] = 302.0°C) and the KTH (Td[Max] = 353.8°C). For PBS/cellulose fiber composites, the rheological, tensile, and thermal properties were studied. The rheology results revealed that the addition of the fiber changed the PBS microstructure. The EC fiber dispersion in the PBS seemed to be better than the others; however, the KTH fiber dispersion was poor. The addition of the fiber raised the elastic moduli of the composites by 5‐26%; however, it reduced the tensile strengths (by 14‐53%) and the decomposition temperatures (by 1‐2%). Furthermore, the addition of the fiber slightly affected the crystallization temperatures and melting temperatures of the composites. The yellowness and whiteness of the composites were marginally reduced. The composite with the EC fiber showed a significant improvement in the elastic modulus as compared to the composite with the CC fiber, while the tensile strength and the strain at maximum stress were comparable. Thus, according to the rheological, thermal, and tensile properties of the composites, the EC fiber showed a possibility of using as an alternative reinforcement material from a local renewable resource.
Creating online animated videos to reach and engage youth: Lessons learned from pain science education and a call to action
Authors: Pate Joshua W. , Heathcote Lauren C. , Simons Laura E. , Leake Hayley , Moseley G. Lorimer 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEngaging youth in evidence‐based health education has the capacity to positively impact their experiences of health and illness across the lifespan. In particular, pain science education is now an established part of the treatment arsenal for persistent pain conditions in adults, and there are calls to build educational resources for youth with pain. In this paper, we argue that high‐quality online animated videos are a potentially excellent medium to engage youth at a mass level in pain science education. We present and compare two collaborations between clinician‐scientists and industry to create and disseminate online animated videos for pain science education (“Mysterious Science of Pain” and “Tame the Beast”). We discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and methods of evaluation for each approach, as well as summarizing overall lessons learned. We provide this information as a guiding framework for clinician‐scientists to collaborate with industry in building engaging and impactful health education resources for young people.
The prevalence of lower airway anomalies in children with Down syndrome compared to controls
Authors: De Lausnay Mariska , Verhulst Stijn , Boel Lieve , Wojciechowski Marek , Boudewyns An , Van Hoorenbeeck Kim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionChildren with Down syndrome (DS) often present with chronic respiratory symptoms. Congenital airway anomalies have been described but data about prevalence is scarce and a comparison to controls is lacking. We aim to compare the endoscopic and clinical data of children with DS to controls without significant medical history.MethodsAll endoscopic procedures under general anesthesia (broncho‐ and/or direct laryngoscopy) in patients with DS were reviewed. We compared clinical and endoscopic data to a cohort of children with respiratory symptoms but without any other relevant medical history.ResultsEndoscopic data were available for 65 patients with DS. The median age was 2.9 years (range: 0.2‐17), 63% were boys. The most common clinical presentation was recurrent respiratory infections (37%). Other major symptoms were chronic cough and/or noisy breathing (23%) and stridor (20%). Endoscopy was normal in 29% of patients. The largest group of patients (44%) had some form of airway malacia. Tracheal bronchus and subglottic stenosis were each isolated findings in 3.1% of patients. Twenty percent presented with combined airway anomalies. The control group consisted of 150 children (matched for age and sex) without significant underlying disease. The most common presentations were chronic cough and/or noisy breathing (29%), persistent radiographic abnormalities (20%), and suspicion of aspiration of a foreign body (15%). In the majority of controls (68%), no airway anomaly was found. Other findings were malacia (22%), tracheal bronchus (1%), and subglottic stenosis (1%). A combined anomaly was found in 5%.ConclusionCongenital airway anomalies were seen in 71% of patients with DS, compared with 32% of controls. Combined anomalies are more frequent in DS. Complete lower airway endoscopy is recommended in patients with DS as it may influence therapeutic decision‐making.
DNA repair gene polymorphisms, tumor control, and treatment toxicity in prostate cancer patients treated with permanent implant prostate brachytherapy
Authors: Carignan Damien , Lessard Trystan , Villeneuve Lyne , Desjardins Sylvie , Magnan Sindy , Després Philippe , Martin André‐Guy , Foster William , Guillemette Chantal , Lévesque Éric , Vigneault Eric 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundRadiotherapy and brachytherapy are common treatments for localized prostate cancer (PCa). However, very few studies evaluated the association of variations in DNA damage response genes and treatment outcomes and toxicity in brachytherapy‐treated patients.PurposeTo evaluate the association of inherited germline variations in DNA repair‐associated genes with tumor control and treatment toxicity in patients treated with low‐dose‐rate prostate brachytherapy (LDRB).Material and MethodsThe cohort consists of 475 I‐125 LDRB patients with a median follow‐up of 51 months after seed implantation. Patients were genotyped for 215 haplotype tagging single nucleotide variations (htSNPs) in 29 candidate genes of DNA damage response and repair pathways. Their association with biochemical recurrence (BCR) was assessed using Cox regression models and Kaplan–Meier survival curves. Linear regressions and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) between early and late International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) with htSNPs were used to evaluate the association with urinary toxicity.ResultsAfter adjustment for the established risk factors, six htSNPs in five genes were found to be significantly associated with an altered risk of BCR, with adjusted hazard ratios (HRadj.) ranging between 3.6 and 11.1 (P < .05). Compared to carriers of the ERCC3 rs4150499C allele, patients homozygous for the T allele (n = 22) had a significant higher risk of BCR with a HR of 11.13 (IC95 = 3.9‐32.0; P < .0001; q < 0.001). The Kaplan–Meier survival curve revealed a mean BCR‐free survival time reduced from 213 ± 7 to 99 ± 12 months (log‐rank P < .0001) for homozygous T carriers compare to noncarriers. For late IPSS (>6 months after treatment), htSNP rs6544990 from MSH2 showed a statistically significant b‐coefficient of 1.85 ± 0.52 (P < .001; q < 0.1). Homozygous carriers of the MSH2 rs6544990C allele (n = 62) had a mean late IPSS 3.6 points higher than patients homozygous for the A allele (n = 132). This difference was significant when tested by ANCOVA using pretreatment IPSS as a covariate (P < .01).ConclusionsThis study suggests an association of the intronic variants of the DNA nucleotide excision repair ERCC3 and DNA mismatch repair MSH2 genes with elevated risk of BCR and late urinary toxicity respectively after LDRB. Further validation is required before translational clinical advances.
Separation of histidine enantiomers by capillary electrochromatography with molecularly imprinted monolithic columns
Authors: Şarkaya Koray , Aşir Süleyman , Göktürk Ilgım , Ektirici Sisem , Yilmaz Fatma , Yavuz Handan , Denizli Adil 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to separate the enantiomeric forms of d,l‐histidine, one of the essential amino acids, through molecular imprinted monolithic capillary electrochromatography columns prepared using hydrophobic N‐methacryloyl‐(l)‐phenylalanine methyl ester as the functional monomer, and l‐histidine as the template molecule. We investigated the effect of monomer ratio, temperature, template molecule mole ratio, crosslinker ratio, and porogen ratio to improve the permeability properties of the monolithic column. Characterization studies of the column were evaluated by attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis. The chromatographic performance of the column was investigated using alkylbenzene‐derived compounds. We evaluated some parameters to determine the optimum conditions for electrochromatographic studies such as electric field, organic solvent ratio, and pressure effect. The calculated imprinting factor (2.18) proved that the l‐histidine imprinted amino acid‐based monolithic column separated d,l‐histidine molecules efficiently (percent relative standard deviation < 1.5) from each other using molecular imprinting technique with high‐resolution values (resolution value > 1.5). As a result, selective d,l‐histidine separation was achieved in less than 10 min at pH 7.0 without using a ligand or extra modification step for the first time.
Fetal cerebrovascular response to maternal hyperoxygenation in congenital heart disease: effect of cardiac physiology
Authors: Hogan W. J. , Moon‐Grady A. J. , Zhao Y. , Cresalia N. M. , Nawaytou H. , Quezada E. , Brook M. , McQuillen P. , Peyvandi S. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveFetal cerebrovascular resistance is influenced by several factors in the setting of intact autoregulation to allow for normal cerebral blood flow and oxygenation. Maternal hyperoxygenation (MH) allows for acute alterations in fetal physiology and can be a tool to test cerebrovascular reactivity in late‐gestation fetuses. In this study, we utilized MH to evaluate cerebrovascular reactivity in fetuses with specific congenital heart disease (CHD).MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of fetuses with complex CHD compared to controls without CHD. CHD cases were grouped according to physiology into: left‐sided obstructive lesion (LSOL), right‐sided obstructive lesion (RSOL) or dextro‐transposition of the great arteries (d‐TGA). Subjects underwent MH testing during the third‐trimester fetal echocardiogram. The pulsatility index (PI) was calculated for the fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA), umbilical artery (UA) and branch pulmonary artery (PA). The change in PI from baseline to during MH was compared between each CHD group and controls.ResultsSixty pregnant women were enrolled (CHD, n = 43; control, n = 17). In the CHD group, there were 27 fetuses with LSOL, seven with RSOL and nine with d‐TGA. Mean gestational age was 33.9 (95% CI, 33.6–34.2) weeks. At baseline, MCA‐PI Z‐score was lowest in the LSOL group (−1.8 (95% CI, −2.4 to −1.2)) compared with the control group (−0.8 (95% CI, −1.3 to −0.3)) (P = 0.01). In response to MH, MCA‐PI Z‐score increased significantly in the control and d‐TGA groups but did not change significantly in the LSOL and RSOL groups. The change in MCA‐PI Z‐score was significantly higher in the control group than in the LSOL group (0.9 (95% CI, 0.42–1.4) vs 0.12 (95% CI, −0.21 to 0.45); P = 0.03). This difference was more pronounced in the LSOL subgroup with retrograde aortic arch flow. Branch PA‐PI decreased significantly in response to MH in all groups, with no difference in the change from baseline to MH between the groups, while UA‐PI was unchanged during MH compared with at baseline.ConclusionsThe fetal cerebrovascular response to MH varies based on the underlying CHD diagnosis, suggesting that cardiovascular physiology may influence the autoregulatory capacity of the fetal brain. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical implications of these findings on long‐term neurodevelopment in these at‐risk children. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.