bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic mapping and candidate gene analysis for melon resistance to Phytophthora capsici
Authors: Wang Pingyong , Xu Xiaojun , Zhao Guangwei , He Yuhua , Hou Chong , Kong Weihu , Zhang Jian , Liu Shuimiao , Xu Yongyang , Xu Zhihong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhytophthora blight is one of the most serious diseases affecting melon (Cucumis melo) production. Due to the lack of highly resistant germplasms, the progress on disease-resistant research is slow. To understand the genetics of melon resistance to Phytophthora capsici, an F2 population containing 498 individuals was developed by crossing susceptible line E31 to highly resistant line ZQK9. Genetic analysis indicated that the resistance in ZQK9 was controlled by a dominant gene, tentatively named MePhyto. Through bulked-segregant analysis (BSA-Seq) and chromosome walking techniques, the MePhyto gene was mapped to a 52.44 kb interval on chromosome 12. In this region, there were eight genes and their expression patterns were validated by qRT-PCR. Among them, one wall-associated receptor kinase (WAK) gene MELO3C002430 was significantly induced in ZQK9 after P. capsici inoculation, but not in E31. Based on the non-synonymous mutation site in MELO3C002430, a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker, CAPS2430, was developed and this maker was co-segregated with MePhyto in both F2 population and a collection of 36 melon accessions. Thus MELO3C002430 was considered as the candidate gene and CAPS2430 was a promising marker for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding. These results lay a foundation for revealing the resistance mechanism of melon to P. capsici.
Fault diagnosis and identification of malfunctioning protection devices in a power system via time series similarity matching
Authors: Xu Bing , Wang Chongyu , Wen Fushuan , Palu Ivo , Pang Kaiyuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlarm messages uploaded to a dispatch centre following the failure of a power system contain extensive temporal information. The accuracy and speed of fault diagnosis can be improved upon taking full advantage of such temporal information contained in these messages. From this standpoint, a power system fault diagnosis model based on time series similarity matching is proposed herein. First, a set of suspected faulty components can be determined after the occurrence of a fault or a set of faults. Then, on the basis of the specifications of protection devices, including protective relays and circuit breakers, and the defined time series model, a set of alarm hypothesis time series is generated, containing action process information of the protection devices involved in these suspicious components. Meanwhile, the alarm messages received by the dispatch centre are pre‐processed, and the alarm information time series are obtained. Subsequently, the fault component is obtained by calculating the similarity between each series in the alarm hypothesis time series set and the alarm information time series. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis model are demonstrated via a real‐life scenario in a local power system in China.
Development of robust participation strategies for an aggregator of electric vehicles in multiple types of electricity markets
Authors: Liu Weijia , Wen Fushuan , Dong Zhaoyang , Palu Ivo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe flexible charging and discharging behaviours of electric vehicles (EVs) can provide a promising profit opportunity for EV owners or aggregators in deregulated market. However, a major barrier to overcome is the uncertain market prices. In this context, this study aims to establish a novel and robust model for EV aggregators to optimally participate in multiple types of electricity markets while considering the uncertainty of the prices in various markets. First, the electricity market framework and the obligation of an EV aggregator are introduced, and each EVaggregator is entitled to participate in day‐ahead, real‐time, and regulation service markets. To cope with forecasting errors of market prices and other uncertainties, a robust optimisation model is developed to schedule the charging/discharging of EVs in different markets. A stepwise bidding strategy is then proposed to formulate robust market bids, offering more flexibility in handling volatile market prices in actual electricity markets. After the clearing of multiple types of electricity markets, a real‐time dispatch model for EV aggregators is proposed for allocating the settlements and regulation orders to each EV. Finally, scenario‐based simulation is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed bidding strategy using actual market data and regulation signals.
Cell-free DNA Testing in Routine Practice: Characterisation of a Cohort with Positive Results for Trisomies, Sex Chromosome Anomalies and Microdeletions
Authors: Tekesin Ismail 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing is increasingly used as a screening method not only for trisomy (T) 21 but also for T18 and T13, sex chromosome anomalies (SCA) and microdeletions. Based on cases with a positive cfDNA result in our specialised prenatal practice, this study aims to characterise the usage of cfDNA testing and to estimate the positive predictive value (PPV) in routine practice in Germany.
Patients and Methods In this retrospective study we analysed the data of all pregnant women with a positive cfDNA result seen between 09/2013 and 12/2019. Women were either referred due to the positive result or the test was initiated in our practice. The primary parameter of interest was the concordance of cfDNA tests with confirmatory genetic testing.
Results We encountered 81 cases with a positive cfDNA test (T21: 49.4%; T18: 9.9%; T13: 8.6%; SCA: 22.2%; 22q12del: 8.6%). The PPV was 95.0% for T21, but considerably lower for T18 (55.6%) and T13 (28.6%). For SCAs it was 23.1% and no case with DiGeorge syndrome was confirmed. 63% of the patients had not received a fetal anomaly scan before cfDNA testing. In first-trimester fetuses with a cfDNA test predicting an autosomal aneuploidy, fetal anomalies were detected in 90.3% of the cases. No false positive case had an abnormal US result.
Conclusions Despite the excellent specificity of cfDNA tests, the PPV for aneuploidies other than T21 is low in routine practice. In discordance with the current guidelines, cfDNA test is often used without a previous detailed anomaly scan. Our data provide valuable information to assist patient counselling and shared decision making.
The Influence of Lumbar Modifiers on Functional and Radiological Outcomes in the Brace Treatment of Lenke Type 1 Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Bayrak Alkan , Duramaz Altug , Koluman Alican , Belen Burak , Öztürk Vedat 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Brace treatment prevents the progression of scoliosis and reduces surgical treatment rates. However, the efficacy of brace treatment varies depending on the patientʼs age, gender, curve magnitude and type, structure of the curve, and patient compliance at the beginning of treatment.
Methods Between January 2009 and April 2015, 106 Lenke type 1 AIS consecutive patients (69 females, 37 males) who were treated with a brace were examined in three groups according to Lenke classification lumbar modifiers. The patients were evaluated at pre-bracing and 1 and 2 years after bracing. The Scoliosis Research Society 22 (SRS-22) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used for functional evaluation. Radiological evaluation revealed the Cobb angle, thoracic kyphosis angle, lumbar lordosis angle, trunk shift, shoulder asymmetry, and body height difference.
Results Functional and radiological evaluation showed a statistically significant improvement in Lenke 1A, 1B, and 1C at 1 and 2 years after bracing compared to the pre-bracing (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, and p = 0.000, respectively). Lenke 1C had the best ODI score and followed by decreasing values of 1B and 1A respectively (p = 0.009). Lenke 1B had the best SRS-22 score and the mean scores of 1A and 1C were equal (p = 0.017). There was no significant difference between the groups in the parameters other than the trunk shift in radiological evaluation (p = 0.043).
Conclusions Significant improvement was observed in all types of lumbar modifiers at the end of the 2nd year compared to pre-bracing. The best improvement in the ODI score was in the 1C modifier, whereas the best improvement in the SRS-22 score was in the 1B modifier. The type of lumbar modifier should be directly taken into consideration before starting brace treatment in Lenke type 1 AIS.
Level of evidence Level III, retrospective study
Bioabsorbable Unsintered Hydroxyapatite/Poly-l-Lactic Acid Pin Fixation of Osteochondritis Dissecans in Adolescents: Initial Experiences
Authors: Zeilinger Martin Georg , Autenrieth Christian , Remmel Kerstin , Schuh Alexander , Hammon Matthias , Schraml Annemarie , Uder Michael , Rompel Oliver 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background This study sought to retrospectively evaluate the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes of u-HA/PLLA pin (u-HA/PLLA: hydroxyapatite/poly-L-lactic acid) pin fixation of unstable osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions of the knee.
Methods Seven adolescent patients (four females and three males) with arthroscopically unstable OCD lesions of the knee were included. The mean age at diagnosis was 13.1 years. Clinical results were evaluated preoperatively and during follow-up using the Ogilvie-Harris score (0 – 15 points). MRI scans were performed preoperatively and during follow-up, with results evaluated using the Dipaola classification (grades 1 – 4). Mean follow-up time was 29 months.
Results The median Ogilvie-Harris score improved from 13 points (range: 10 – 14 points) to 15 points (range: 13 – 15 points). Separately, the median Dipaola score improved from 3 points (range: 2 – 4 points) to 1 point (range: 1 – 4 points). No complications such as infection, synovitis, or intra-articular adhesion were observed.
Conclusions Initial experiences using bioabsorbable u-HA/PLLA pins for the refixation of unstable OCD lesions in adolescents in the knee are promising, and MRI provides excellent monitoring of healing.
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Trochanteric AO/OTA 31A2 Fractures: Comparison between Helical Blade and Lag Screw – A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hancıoğlu Sertan , Gem Kadir , Tosyali Hakan Koray , Okçu Güvenir 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroduction The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of AO/OTA type 31A2 fractures treated by the use of trochanteric nails either with a blade or a screw.Patients and Methods This study was designed retrospectively. Between May 2007 and May 2014, a total of 144 patients with trochanteric fractures were admitted to the clinic, and only 65 of them met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-two of them (blade group) were treated with a helical blade and the rest of the 33 patients (screw group) were treated with a screw. The mean ages of the patients were 76.01 and 75.82, respectively (p = 0.905). The mean follow-up time was 27.6 months (blade group: 34.2 ± 19.1 months; screw group: 18.6 ± 7.9 months; p < 0.001). Between these two groups, we evaluated the differences in tip apex distances (TAD), calcar-referenced tip-apex distances (Cal-TAD), implant positions, cut-out rates, and implant failures. Functional outcomes were measured with the help of the Harris Hip Score.Results No significant differences were seen between the blade and screw groups by means of cutting out, implant positions, and varus collapse. Cutting out was seen in a total of six patients (blade group n = 2; screw group = 4; p = 0.672) and varus collapse in nine patients (blade group n = 5, screw group n = 4; p = 0.733). Harris Hip Scores were similar between the two groups (blade group: 72.70 ± 18.43; screw group: 80.83 ± 18.75; p = 0.84).
Triple Open Dislocation in the Index Finger of the Hand Without a High-Energy Trauma
Authors: Utrillas María Amparo Fontestad , Armiño Paúl Vicente Alonso de , Rodrigo Marta Sancho 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA simultaneous double dislocation (both proximal [PIP] and distal [DIP] interphalangeal joints) of a triphalangeal finger is a rare entity. The most common hand affected is the right hand. In the case of a closed triple dislocation (metacarpophalangeal [MCP], PIP and DIP joints); there are only two cases in the literature revised. In this case, we report an open triple dislocation in the index finger of the left-hand of a 54-year-old man treated by closed reduction and 3 weeks of immobilization followed by active mobilization with satisfactory results.
Level of evidence 3
Free Non-vascularized Toe Phalangeal Transfers in Symbrachydactyly: Outcome Analysis
Authors: Sapage Rita , Rosa João , Pereira Eva Campos , Silva Marta Santos , Pereira Alexandre , Silva César 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroduction Free nonvascularized toe phalangeal transfer is an established surgical option for the reconstruction of hypoplastic digits. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate our experience with this procedure and to assess bone growth and digit function as well foot morbidity.Material and Methods We retrospectively evaluated the clinical records for all children with symbrachydactyly submitted to free nonvascularized toe phalangeal transfer between 2002 and 2017. A total of 8 patients were included. We summoned the patients to an appointment to clinically assess the range of motion, the stability, and the alignment of the neo-joint. We radiographically measured the final length and the expected percentage of growth of the transferred phalanx. We also evaluated the foot for comorbidities.Results The mean age at the time of the first surgery was 19 months (range: 8–42 months). A total of 20 phalanges were harvested: 16 total proximal phalanges, 2 middle phalanges, 1 subtotal proximal phalanx, and 1 accessory thumb phalanx. The distal part of one proximal phalanx was trimmed because the skin pocket was too tight. Two patients underwent a secondary procedure to release the syndactyly. One transfer required revision surgery due to distal tip necrosis and exposition of the transferred phalanx. In the present series, the overall clinical and radiographic outcomes were compatible to those reported in other studies.Discussion The main limitation of the nonvascularized toe phalanx transfer is the preexisting soft tissue envelope of the finger and the limited growth potential of the transferred bone.Conclusion Irrespective of the amount of growth achieved in the transferred phalanx, the actual transfer and growth attained should not be viewed as the end result, but rather as a means of providing a stable and functional joint.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Acute Scaphoid Fractures
Authors: Polo Simón Fernando , García Medrano Belén , Delgado Serrano Pedro J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe scaphoid is the carpal bone that most often fractures, accounting for up to 70% of carpal fractures and 11% of hand fractures. It is the second most common arm fracture, only surpassed by fractures of the distal radius. Despite being so common, these fractures can be difficult to diagnose and treat due to the anatomic and physiological particularities of the bone, including its precarious vascularization, its complex three-dimensional structure, and its ligament connections, which greatly contribute to the risk of complications such as malunion, pseudoarthrosis and avascular necrosis. Although there are many published studies on the treatment of these injuries, there is still controversy over what is the most suitable one for certain fracture types. The present article is a comprehensive and updated review of the literature. Combining strategies for clinical and radiological diagnosis, we propose a complete algorithm for the diagnosis of scaphoid fractures based on the varying availability of resources, and we also describe the most appropriate therapeutic approach for the different types of acute fractures of this bone.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Oral Health Challenges and Recommendations
Authors: Farook Fathima Fazrina , Mohamed Nuzaim Mohamed Nizam , Taha Ababneh Khansa , Alshammari Abdulsalam , Alkadi Lubna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of this article is to shed light on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its oral effects and risk of nosocomial transmission to update the knowledge of dental health care workers. A thorough literature search of the PubMed/Embase/Web of Science/Cochrane central database was conducted to identify the impact of COVID-19 on oral health. We reviewed the recommendations on the recent guidelines set by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention infection control practices for dentistry, American Dental Association, and the World Health Organization. According to the available evidence, COVID-19 may have a negative impact on the oral health due to the infection itself and due to various other consequences such as therapeutic measures, xerostomia, and other complications of the COVID-19. In light of the above facts, dentists should be wary of the disease, its identification, mode of spread and impacts on the oral health. The dental personnel have been identified as at the highest risk of getting COVID-19 due to cross infection from contact with their patients and aerosols generated in routine dental procedures. As such, they should be aware of the modifications that need to be made to the practice to prevent transmission of the disease. It is evident that COVID-19 has a negative impact on the oral health and at the same time a significant transmission risk to the dental personnel and patients who visit the clinic. If the recommendations issued by the regulatory authorities are meticulously followed, the risk of disease transmission can be lessened.
Burnout y calidad de vida en traumatólogos chilenos: ¿Estamos realmente bien?
Authors: Vaisman Alex , Guiloff Rodrigo , Contreras Martín , Delgado Iris , Calvo Rafael , Figueroa Francisco , Figueroa David 
Published: November 2020

Resumen
Introducción No existen reportes sobre el índice de burnout en traumatólogos que ejercen en Chile.
Objetivo Evaluar la presencia de burnout y otros aspectos de calidad de vida en esa población.
Material y Método Estudio transversal analítico. Encuesta diseñada para conocer el auto-reporte de burnout y síntomas depresivos entre otros factores. Se incluyeron variables demográficas, laborales, sociales, hábitos personales y anímicas. La encuesta fue compartida vía online a miembros de la Sociedad Chilena de Ortopedia y Traumatología. Se realizó análisis estadístico para buscar asociación entre variables, utilizando pruebas de Chi-cuadrado, test exacto de Fisher y regresión logística (p < 0,05).
Resultados Encuesta respondida por 136 especialistas. Rango etario modal menor de 40 años (46,3%), 94,1% hombres. Un 53,7% reportó burnout más de una vez al año, 11% anhedonia, 9,6% ánimo depresivo más de la mitad del mes o casi todos los días y 59,6% cansancio diario. Se encontró asociación significativa entre burnout y edad menor de 40 años (p = 0,004), ausencia de hijos (p = 0,007), dieta no saludable (p = 0,001), anhedonia (p = 0,007), temor a demandas (p < 0,001) y cansancio (p < 0,003).
Conclusión Más de la mitad de los traumatólogos encuestados reportaron burnout más de una vez al año y cerca del 10% presentan síntomas depresivos semanalmente. Una edad menor a 40 años, anhedonia, el temor a demandas laborales y el cansancio al final de la jornada, fueron las variables de mayor impacto en la manifestación del burnout. La presencia de hijos y una dieta saludable fueron factores protectores.
A Case Report: Two Young Children with Long QT Syndrome Type-2 Diagnosed by Presymptomatic Genetic Testing
Authors: Matsushita Yuki , Nagata Hazumu , Ogawa Masanobu , Shikada Sawako , Ishikawa Taisuke , Makita Naomasa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLong QT syndromes (LQTSs) can lead to sudden cardiac death, yet these syndromes are often asymptomatic and clinically undetected, despite the prolongation of the QT interval. Currently, when a disease-causing variant is identified in an individual, presymptomatic genetic testing is available and can form part of the recommended cascade testing to identify other family members at risk. We herein report the cases of two daughters who received presymptomatic genetic testing in infancy when the proband mother had been diagnosed with LQTS type 2 (LQT2; c.1171C > T, p.Q391X in KCNH2) after suffering from cardiac arrhythmia at 30 years of age. The daughters had a normal QTc interval, but they carried the same disease-causing variant as their mother. Children with family members who have genetically confirmed LQTS have a high risk of suffering from cardiac events later in life, so genetic testing is required. This poses a complex problem, as guidelines for medical intervention and follow-up systems among asymptomatic children with LQTS have yet to be established. Genetic testing should only be performed after adequate counseling to support children later in life. Individualized long-term genetic counseling is required for both parents and children at stages throughout life.
Pediatric Mortality and Acute Kidney Injury Are Associated with Chloride Abnormalities in Intensive Care Units in the United States: A Multicenter Observational Study
Authors: Khan Aamer H. , Gai Jiaxing , Faruque Farhana , Bost James E. , Patel Anita K. , Pollack Murray M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOur objective was to determine in children in the intensive care unit (ICU) the incidence of hyperchloremia (>110 mmol/L) and hypochloremia (<98 mmol/L), the association of diagnoses with chloride abnormalities, and the associations of mortality and acute kidney injury (AKI) with chloride abnormalities. We analyzed the initial, maximum, and minimum chloride measurements of 14,684 children in the ICU with ≥1 chloride measurement in the Health Facts database between 2009 and 2016. For hyperchloremia and hypochloremia compared with normochloremia, mortality rates increased three to fivefold and AKI rates increased 1.5 to threefold. The highest mortality rate (7.7%; n = 95/1,234) occurred with hyperchloremia in the minimum chloride measurement group and the highest AKI rate (7.7%; n = 72/930) occurred with hypochloremia in the initial chloride measurement group. The most common diagnostic categories associated with chloride abnormalities were injury and poisoning; respiratory; central nervous system; infectious and parasitic diseases; and endocrine, nutritional, metabolic, and immunity disorders. Controlled for race, gender, age, and diagnostic categories, mortality odds ratios, and AKI odds ratios were significantly higher for hyperchloremia and hypochloremia compared with normochloremia. In conclusion, hyperchloremia and hypochloremia are independently associated with mortality and AKI in children in the ICU.