bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A booster dose enhances immunogenicity of the COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 in aged mice
Authors: Silva-Cayetano Alyssa , Foster William S. , Innocentin Silvia , Belij-Rammerstorfer Sandra , Spencer Alexandra J. , Burton Oliver T. , Fra-Bidó Sigrid , Lee Jia Le , Thakur Nazia , Conceicao Carina , Wright Daniel , Barett Jordan , Evans-Bailey Nicola , Noble Carly , Bailey Dalan , Liston Adrian , Gilbert Sarah C. , Lambe Teresa , Linterman Michelle A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe spread of SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic that has affected almost every aspect of human life. The development of an effective COVID-19 vaccine could limit the morbidity and mortality caused by infection, and may enable the relaxation of social distancing measures. Age is one of the most significant risk factors for poor health outcomes after SARS-CoV-2 infection, therefore it is desirable that any new vaccine candidates should elicit a robust immune response in older adults. Here, we test the immunogenicity of the adenoviral vectored vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD-1222) in aged mice. We find that a single dose of this vaccine induces cellular and humoral immunity in aged mice, but at a reduced magnitude than in younger adult mice. Furthermore, we report that a second dose enhances the immune response to this vaccine in aged mice, indicating that a primeboost strategy may be a rational approach to enhance immunogenicity in older persons.
Career self-management of unemployed workers: the role of proactive coping in job-to-job transition
Authors: Ślebarska Katarzyna , Flakus Maria 
Published: October 2020

PurposeJob search behavior is an important factor of an individual's career. In this study, proactive individuals' search for career opportunities during the transition from unemployment to employment is investigated. This investigation concentrates on the “in-between jobs” phase to better understand career transition. Proactive coping is a particularly important aspect of the transition from unemployment to work.Design/methodology/approachUsing the career self-management model and proactive coping theory, this paper establishes a conceptual model and adopts path analysis to examine the model with a sample of 208 unemployed workers from Poland.FindingsThe results indicate both direct and indirect effects for proactive coping on job-seeking behavior. Unemployed job seekers, with greater proactive coping, intensify their job search behavior and increase their chances for re-employment.Practical implicationsProactive coping is an important factor in career development. The findings of this study are a promising starting point for career self-development training for unemployed workers in transition.Originality/valueMost of the training for the unemployed prepares them to react and adapt to ongoing circumstances. Our findings show the importance of being proactive during active coping with unemployment.
Early child development and caregiver subjective well-being in rural China
Authors: Luo Renfu , Lyu Qijia , Rozelle Scott , Wang Shun 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThis study aims to bridge the gaps in the existing literature by studying the links between children's development and the subjective well-being of the caregivers using first-hand data collected in rural China.Design/methodology/approachAlthough the broad array of literature has examined the effects of child development on the subjective well-being of caregivers, the relationship between early childhood development and caregiver subjective well-being has not been well-studied using sample families with potential developmental delay in rural China. Also, existing research has relied on maternal reports to evaluate the developmental status of children. The study used data collected from 32 townships in seven nationally designated poverty counties in the Qinling mountainous area in 2016. The authors measure child development using the social-emotional module of the Ages & Stages Questionnaire and Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development–Third Edition.FindingsThe authors find that child development indicators are correlated with caregiver subjective well-being. In particular, social-emotional skills are positively associated with life evaluations and positive emotion. However, we do not find any significant correlation between child development and negative emotion or depression, anxiety and stress scores.Originality/valueThe value of this study is to report the indicators of child development in rural China and examines the correlation between child development and caregivers' subjective well-being.
Linking person–organization adhocracy value congruence to creativity
Authors: Gao Ang , Zhao Kai , Qu Qing 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the effect of person–organization (P-O) adhocracy value congruence on employee creativity using the supplementary fit theory while investigating the moderating effect of the immediate supervisor's transformational leadership.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses polynomial regression to analyze 431 employees from 47 Chinese companies.FindingsHigher levels of creativity were observed in employees whose adhocracy value was congruent with that of the organization.Practical implicationsThe practice of hiring employees with creative value or building creative culture may not trigger employee creativity if managers do not take value congruence into consideration.Originality/valueThis study introduces a new perspective on understanding creativity in the workplace. First, it contributes to work on the consequences of P-O value congruency by exploring how supplementary fit influences employee creativity. Second, it contributes to creativity research by proposing a P-O supplementary fit argument to explain the actor-context interactionist model of creativity.
Financial development, energy consumption, technology, urbanization, economic output and carbon emissions nexus in BRICS countries: an empirical analysis
Authors: Raghutla Chandrashekar , Chittedi Krishna Reddy 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe study investigates the impact of financial development, urban population, technology and energy consumption on economic output and carbon emissions in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) economies.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses Johansen Fisher type panel cointegration, fully modified ordinary least square and heterogeneous panel causality tests to examine long-run, long-run elasticities and short-run relationships. For conducting the tests, the study selected five emerging economies, i.e. Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa and used balanced panel data for the period between 1998 and 2016.FindingsThe empirical results confirm the presence of a long-run cointegration relationship among the variables. We find that financial development, technology and energy consumption have a considerable positive impact on economic output. Also, financial development, urban population and technology help reduce carbon (CO2) emissions and ensure an improved environmental quality in the long run in the five emerging economies. In the short run, a bidirectional causal relationship is noticed between financial development and CO2 emissions.Practical implicationsClean energy, technological development and investments by public–private partnerships are required in the public and private sectors to reduce carbon emissions. This not only ensures improved environmental quality but also increases energy efficiency, thereby reducing dependency on traditional energy consumption.Originality/valueAs its contribution to the extant literature, the study examines the impact of financial development, energy consumption, technology, urbanization, economic output and carbon emissions in BRICS economies. The findings of the research suggest both the governments and policymakers of these five emerging economies to develop more effective policies toward bolstering the financial development and increasing the use of technology. These, in turn, ensure sustainable development with low CO2 emission in the future and, eventually, pushing those five emerging market economies toward sustainable economic growth.
Epistemic injustices in clinical communication: the example of narrative elicitation in person‐centred care
Authors: Naldemirci Öncel , Britten Nicky , Lloyd Helen , Wolf Axel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe increasing popularity of the term ‘person‐centred’ in the healthcare literature and a wide range of ideals and practices it implies point to the need for a more inclusive and holistic healthcare provision. A framework developed in a Swedish context suggested narrative elicitation as a key practice in transition to person‐centred care. Initiating clinical communication by inviting people to tell their stories makes persistent yet often subtle problems in clinical communication visible. By drawing upon an observational study on narrative elicitation and vignette‐based focus group interviews with nurses, our aim is to trace ‘credibility deficits’ (Fricker 2007. Epistemic Injustice. Power and the Ethics of Knowing. Oxford: Oxford University Press) and ‘credibility excesses’ (Medina 2011, Social Epistemology, 25, 1, 15–35, 2013, The Epistemology of Resistance: Gender and Racial Oppression, Epistemic Injustice, and the Social Imagination. Oxford: Oxford University Press) in narrative elicitation. We argue that narrative elicitation may be one way to tackle epistemic injustices by giving voice to previously silenced groups, yet it is not enough to erase the effects of ‘credibility deficits’ in clinical communication. Rather than judging individual professionals’ success or failure in eliciting narratives, we underline some extrinsic problems of narrative elicitation, namely structural and positional inequalities reflecting on narrative elicitation and the credibility of patients. ‘Credibility excesses’ can be useful and indicative to better understand where they are missing.
Feeding inequality: food insecurity, social status and college student health
Authors: Willis Don E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA growing but limited body of research has identified the college student population as one that is particularly vulnerable to food insecurity. Early estimates of food insecurity prevalence among college students range from 14 to 60 per cent. The present study utilises original survey data collected from a random sample (n = 300) of college students enrolled at an urban university in the Midwest region of the United States of America (USA). This study examines the impact of food insecurity on health outcomes and the mediation of this relationship by subjective social status among college students. Ordinary least squares (OLS) and logistic regression analyses find that food insecurity is related to worse self‐rated, physical and mental health among college students, and Sobel‐Goodman tests find that subjective social status plays a significant mediating role in the relationship between food insecurity and health among college students. The implications of these findings in a university context are discussed using a psychosocial framework and insights from the stress process model. In doing so, I discuss food insecurity among college students with an emphasis on the social significance of food and food insecurity.
Belonging, believing, behaving, and Brexit: Channels of religiosity and religious identity in support for leaving the European Union*
Authors: McAndrew Siobhan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHaving an Anglican affiliation is known to be associated with support for leaving the European Union (EU) in Britain. Religiosity, conceived as strength of religious attachment, has received comparatively little treatment. We investigate religiosity via electoral, household, and attitudinal surveys, distinguishing the effects of “behaving” and “believing.” The association between religiosity and EU Referendum vote choice and position is identified before and after inclusion of values, attitudinal, and civic engagement measures. Consistent with established findings, in socio‐structural models Anglicans are more likely to support Brexit than religious Nones. More frequent church attendance is associated with being more pro‐Remain. The Anglican effect is primarily mediated by anti‐immigrant attitudes, authoritarianism, and salience of ethnic identity, suggesting a Christian nationalist aspect to Leave support. The attendance effect is mediated by warmer attitudes toward immigrants, and social capital. Notably, those exhibiting stronger orthodox belief tend to feature a stronger attachment to “Leave,” with this partly mediated by authoritarianism. To evaluate the net effect of religion on civic life, we should pay more attention to the cultural content of religious beliefs, and how they structure other values and attitudes.
The electoral roots of unequal representation. A spatial modelling approach to party systems and voting in Western Europe
Authors: ROSSET JAN , KURELLA ANNA‐SPOHIE 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFor a number of Western democracies, it has been observed that the preferences of poor and rich citizens are unequally represented in political institutions and outcomes. Yet, the causes of this phenomenon are still under debate. We focus on the role of elections in this process, by disentangling biases towards different income groups that stem from the party system and from voters’ behaviour. Our aim is to uncover whether elections as selection mechanisms contribute to unequal representation by analysing factors of the supply and demand sides of the electoral process. On the supply side, we focus on the congruence of parties’ policy offers and voters’ preference distributions. This shapes citizens’ possibilities to express their policy preferences. On the demand side, we are interested in the extent to which citizens from different income groups base their vote decisions on their policy preferences. The empirical analysis relies on the European Social Survey and the Chapel Hill Expert Survey and covers 13 Western European countries. Our results indicate, first, that the economic and cultural preferences of poor and rich citizens differ significantly, and second, that party systems in the countries under investigation represent the lowest income groups the worst, and the middle income groups the best. This makes it difficult for citizens at both the lower and the higher end of the income distribution to voice their preferences in elections. Additionally, we show that low income citizens tend to take policy less into consideration when making an electoral choice than richer citizens. Thus, while the rich make up for their representation bias by taking policy more into account in their voting behaviour, the electoral stage poses another obstacle for the poor to overcome the representation bias. In summary it can be said that already on the supply side there is an unbalanced disadvantage in terms of representation for the very poor and the very rich, but the pattern leads to an even more asymmetrical misrepresentation of the poor due to the election act.
Naked mole‐rats are extremely resistant to post‐traumatic osteoarthritis
Authors: Taguchi Taketo , Kotelsky Alexander , Takasugi Masaki , Chang Martin , Ke Zhonghe , Betancourt Megan , Buckley Mark R. , Zuscik Michael , Seluanov Andrei , Gorbunova Vera 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent disabling disease, affecting quality of life and contributing to morbidity, particularly during aging. Current treatments for OA are limited to palliation: pain management and surgery for end‐stage disease. Innovative approaches and animal models are needed to develop curative treatments for OA. Here, we investigated the naked mole‐rat (NMR) as a potential model of OA resistance. NMR is a small rodent with the maximum lifespan of over 30 years, resistant to a wide range of age‐related diseases. NMR tissues accumulate large quantities of unique, very high molecular weight, hyaluronan (HA). HA is a major component of cartilage and synovial fluid. Importantly, both HA molecular weight and cartilage stiffness decline with age and progression of OA. As increased polymer length is known to result in stiffer material, we hypothesized that NMR high molecular weight HA contributes to stiffer cartilage. Our analysis of biomechanical properties of NMR cartilage revealed that it is significantly stiffer than mouse cartilage. Furthermore, NMR chondrocytes were highly resistant to traumatic damage. In vivo experiments using an injury‐induced model of OA revealed that NMRs were highly resistant to OA. While similarly treated mice developed severe cartilage degeneration, NMRs did not show any signs of OA. Our study shows that NMRs are remarkably resistant to OA, and this resistance is likely conferred by high molecular weight HA. This work suggests that NMR is a useful model to study OA resistance and NMR high molecular weight HA may hold therapeutic potential for OA treatment.
National trends and outcomes of morbidly obese women who underwent inpatient hysterectomy for benign gynecological disease in the USA
Authors: Matsuo Koji , Mandelbaum Rachel S. , Nusbaum David J. , Matsuzaki Shinya , Klar Maximilian , Roman Lynda D. , Wright Jason D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe US population has witnessed an epidemic expansion of obesity in the past several decades; nearly 50% of the population is projected to be obese by 2030 and 25% morbidly obese. This study examined trends, characteristics and outcomes of morbidly obese women who underwent benign hysterectomy.Material and methodsThis is a population‐based retrospective observational study querying the National Inpatient Sample from January 2012 to September 2015. The study population included 509 395 women who underwent hysterectomy for benign gynecological disease: 430 865 (84.6%) non‐obese women, 50 435 (9.9%) women with class I‐II obesity and 28 095 (5.5%) women with class III obesity. Main outcome measures were (i) cohort‐level trends of obesity and perioperative complications assessed by piecewise linear regression with log transformation and (ii) patient‐level perioperative complication risk by body habitus assessed with a generalized estimating equation after using a multiple‐group generalized boosted model.ResultsThe rate of class III obesity increased by 40.4%, higher than the rate of class I‐II obesity (22.2%) (both, P < .001). In parallel, cohort‐level rates of perioperative complication and prolonged hospitalization for ≥7 days increased by 19.4% and 54%, respectively (P < .001). In a weighted model, class I‐II obesity (16.4% vs 14.6%, odds ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval 1.08‐1.21) and class III obesity (19.2% vs 14.6%, odds ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval 1.28‐1.51) had a significantly increased risk of perioperative complications compared with non‐obesity. Larger body habitus was associated with higher total charge (median, $35 180, $36 094 and $39 382; all values cited in US dollars) and prolonged admission rate for ≥7 days (2.9%, 3.1% and 3.9%) (both, P < .001).ConclusionsThe rate of obesity, particularly morbid obesity, has significantly increased among women undergoing benign hysterectomy in the USA. Morbidly obese women had adverse perioperative outcomes, and the increasing number of morbidly obese women resulted in both an increased perioperative morbidity and total charges as a cohort. National and society‐based approaches are necessary to reduce the obesity rate and hysterectomy morbidity.
Intracorporeal semi‐hand‐sewn Billroth I reconstruction in total laparoscopic distal gastrectomy
Authors: Kikuchi Satoru , Kuroda Shinji , Nishizaki Masahiko , Kuwada Kazuya , Takata Nobuo , Kakiuchi Yoshihiko , Yano Shuya , Noma Kazuhiro , Kagawa Shunsuke , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionIntracorporeal Billroth I (B‐I) reconstruction using an endoscopic linear stapler (ELS) is widely performed in total laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. However, conventional procedures require many ELSs for anastomosis. Here, we introduce the novel intracorporeal semi‐hand‐sewn (SHS) B‐I reconstruction.Materials and surgical techniqueAfter the transection of stomach and duodenum using ELS following adequate lymph node dissection, small entry holes were made on the anterior wall in the greater curvature of the stomach and the duodenal stump. The posterior walls of both the remnant stomach and the duodenum were attached with the ELS and fired to create the posterior wall of the B‐I anastomosis. All the transection line of the duodenum and one‐third of the transection line of the stomach were dissected; finally the anterior wall suturing at the anastomotic site was performed by the laparoscopic hand‐sewn technique.DiscussionSHS procedure was performed for 17 gastric cancer patients. There were no intraoperative complications or conversions to open surgery. One intra‐abdominal abscess was observed although there was no anastomotic leakage. The median reconstruction time was 48 minutes (32‐63). The SHS procedure was safe, feasible, and economical, although it requires sufficient laparoscopic suturing and ligation skill.
Dually localised proteins found in both the apicoplast and mitochondrion utilize the Golgi‐dependent pathway for apicoplast targeting in Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Prasad Aparna , Mastud Pragati , Patankar Swati 
Published: October 2020

Background InformationLike other apicomplexan parasites, Toxoplasma gondii harbours a four‐membraned endosymbiotic organelle – the apicoplast. Apicoplast proteins are nuclear encoded and trafficked to the organelle through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). From the ER to the apicoplast, two distinct protein trafficking pathways can be used. One such pathway is the cell's secretory pathway involving the Golgi, whereas the other is a unique Golgi‐independent pathway. Using different experimental approaches, many apicoplast proteins have been shown to utilize the Golgi‐independent pathway, whereas a handful of reports show that a few proteins use the Golgi‐dependent pathway. This has led to an emphasis towards the unique Golgi‐independent pathway when apicoplast protein trafficking is discussed in the literature. Additionally, the molecular features that drive proteins to each pathway are not known.ResultsIn this report, we systematically test eight apicoplast proteins, using a C‐terminal HDEL sequence to assess the role of the Golgi in their transport. We demonstrate that dually localised proteins of the apicoplast and mitochondrion (TgSOD2, TgTPx1/2 and TgACN/IRP) are trafficked through the Golgi, whereas proteins localised exclusively to the apicoplast are trafficked independent of the Golgi. Mutants of the dually localised proteins that localised exclusively to the apicoplast also showed trafficking through the Golgi. Phylogenetic analysis of TgSOD2, TgTPx1/2 and TgACN/IRP suggested that the evolutionary origins of TgSOD2 and TgTPx1/2 lie in the mitochondrion, whereas TgACN/IRP appears to have originated from the apicoplast.Conclusions and SignificanceCollectively, with these results, for the first time, we establish that the driver of the Golgi‐dependent trafficking route to the apicoplast is the dual localisation of the protein to the apicoplast and the mitochondrion.