bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Urban Consumer Intention on Purchasing of Organic Food in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijesinghe A. G. K. , Aththanayaka W. V. H. L. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose : Food consumption patterns are changing as a result of prevailing health and environmental issues. Organic foods are generally believed as safer to consume, nutritious, and environmentally sound production. The main purpose of this study was to recognize how the revealed information on organic food labels and perceived organic knowledge influence attitudes and trust toward organic food purchase intention and how subjective norm drives toward organic food purchase intention among urban consumers in Sri Lanka. Research Method : Primary data were collected through a questionnaire survey by means of face-to-face interview from a sample of 300 consumers covering five Divisional Secretariats in Colombo district. Divisional Secretariats were selected randomly. Data were analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling and AMOS in SPSS. Findings : The results revealed that consumer attitude is the main attribute that influences organic foods purchase intention. Further, results elaborate consumers more concern on the health attributes of the organic foods. Consumers also have low trust on organic food producing companies, farmers, vendors, organic labels and certifiers. The study indicates that organic label does not have a clear profile to consumers. Thus they do not believe organic labeling provides correct and sufficient information. The results show that respondents have low knowledge on organic foods. Research Limitations : Data were gathered only from Colombo district of Sri Lanka. Therefore, future studies should be focused even on other urban areas of the country in order to capture general behavior of consumers on organic food purchase intention. Originality/ Value : Findings of this study are important to policy makers, organic producers, vendors, marketers, certifiers and research institutions to implement better strategies to develop a positive attitude and trust towards organic food in order to promote organic food consumption in Sri Lanka.
GIS and RS Based Soil Erosion Modelling in Sri Lanka: A Review
Authors: Piyathilake I. D. U. H. , Udayakumara E. P. N. , Gunatilake Sunethra Kanthi 
Published: January 2021

Purpose : Over the seventy years, various soil erosion modeling methods were developed in the world with different input requirements and complexity. Some of these soil erosion models have been applied in Sri Lanka covering several regions of the country at different scenarios over the past twenty years. Thus, the prime objective of this study is to compare commonly practiced GIS/ RS based soil erosion assessment models and derivation techniques of model parameters used in Sri Lanka. Research Method : Scholarly research articles, conference proceeding papers, and previously published literature on GIS/ RS based soil erosion models over the past twenty years were critically reviewed, examined, and compared to find various methodologies in the derivation of soil erosion model parameters, analysis methods, and applications with special reference to Sri Lanka. Findings : The results revealed that, in each case, the empirical soil erosion models have been applied to predict soil erosion rates in terms of rill and sheet erosion excluding gully erosion. Furthermore, soil loss at the catchment or entire country scale has been assessed in each case by using different derivation methods. The assessed soil erosion model parameters are R factor (rainfall erosivity), K factor (soil erodibility), LS factor (slope gradient), C factor (crop management factor), and P factor (support practice factor). Originality/ Value : Different derivation methods of soil erosion model parameters (R, K, LS, C, and P) were critically evaluated in order to find the most appropriate methods that can be applied in Sri Lanka in future research studies.
Egg Parasitoids of Cabbage Caterpillars in Sri Lanka: A Search for Biocontrol Agents
Authors: Singhamuni S. A. A. , Hemachandra K. S. , Warnasooriya P. G. A. S. 
Published: January 2021

Purpose : Management of cabbage caterpillar complex through augmentative release of egg parasitoids has been suggested considering the current issues in insecticide application, mainly the effect on human health, non-target effects and environmental pollution. Use of local egg parasitoid species is preferred considering the environmental risk associated with the use of exotic species; therefore, this study was conducted to examine the egg parasitoid guild of cabbage caterpillars in Sri Lanka. Research Method : Field survey was conducted during January 2012 to May 2013 in major cabbage growing areas in the mid-country. Eggs of cabbage caterpillars were collected and reared them until the emergence of host larvae or adult parasitoids. Emerged parasitoids were preserved in 70% ethanol, and prepared the microscopic slides upon the dissection of male genitalia. Parasitoids were identified by using taxonomic keys and Trichogramma literature as per the protocol suggested by Natural History museum, London and the identities were confirmed by the taxonomist in Natural history museum in London. Findings : Trichoplusia ni, Spodoptera litura, Crocidolomia pavonana and Plutella xylostella were found as the members of cabbage caterpillar complex. Two egg parasitoid species: Trichogramma chilonis Ishi and Trichogramma achaeae Nagaraja and Nagarkatti were found attacking eggs of cabbage caterpillars. Trichogramma chilonis has been reported previously in Sri Lanka but Trichogramma achaeae is the first country report. T. chilonis was widely distributed and caused for higher level of parasitism than T. achaeae. The highest level of parasitism (67%) by both species was found in Trichoplusia ni eggs which was significantly different from other species. Level of parasitism of caterpillar eggs was significantly varied between pesticide free fields (16.8%) and conventional fields (13.1%). Research Limitation : The study of behavioral characters of these parasitoids is required to assess the suitability as biocontrol agents; as an initial step for augmentative biocontrol, the locally available egg parasitoids were reported in this study. Originality/ Value : These findings would be contributing Sri Lankan agriculture sector to develop the augmentative biocontrol approach to manage the cabbage caterpillar complex and to produce pesticide residues free crop produce.
The Effect Of Experiential Marketing Toward Customer Loyalty (Empirical Study Of Fast Food Restaurants In Padang City)
Authors: Nasrah Rasidah , Agrigisthi  
Published: January 2021

Activity and limited of time to fulfill necessity caused people like instant things. Food sector is the main target for this pattern of act. Padang city is center of government, business and has several universities that bring people from other city to Padang. so that, food sector is targeted, especially young people who spend more time outside. The purpose of this study is to find out: the sense, feel, think, act, and relate affect toward customer loyalty of fast food restaurants in Padang city. This research used quantitative methods and uses SEM-PLS analysis to test research model. The observation unit in this study was 150 fast food restaurant customers in Padang City. In measuring variable used likert scale. The results found that the feel, and act have a significant effect toward customer loyalty of fast food restaurants in Padang City. While sense, think and relate do not have a significant effect on consumer loyalty toward fast food restaurants in Padang City.
Increasing Employee Job Satisfaction Through Spiritual Leadership and Islamic Organizational Culture
Authors: Mariyanti Eka , Putri Riri , Susanti Nica 
Published: January 2021

The development of sharia-based hotels has become a popular business and it is believed that the development of sharia hotels will experience a drastic increase due to the level of business awareness of sharia concepts. This study aims to improve employee job satisfaction through spiritual leadership and Islamic organizational culture. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The unit of analysis is employees who work at Sharia Hotels in Padang. The results showed that partially Spiritual Leadership variables had a positive and significant effect on Job Satisfaction and Islamic Organizational Culture variables had a positive and significant effect on Job Satisfaction variables. Simultaneously the Spiritual Leadership and Islamic Organizational Culture has a positive and significant effect on Employee Job Satisfaction with an adjusted R2 value of 0.204 This shows that the magnitude of the influence of the Islamic Organizational Spiritual Leadership and Culture on the variable Job satisfaction is 20.4%.
Impact of Inflation, Interest Rates and Return Exchange Rates on Pharmaceutical Companies on the IDX
Authors: Mayroza Wiska  , Resty Fenisi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this study, researchers have conducted research at PT. Indonesia stock exchange. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of inflation, exchange rates and interest rates on stock returns in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. By taking secondary data in the 2010-2014 period. Data analysis in this study used the classical assumption test, t-test analysis and f-test, while the overall data analysis used a computer with SPSS version 21 software.The results of this study concluded that: (1) the inflation rate partially has a positive and significant effect on stock returns in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, (2) the exchange rate partially does not have a significant effect on stock returns in listed pharmaceutical companies. in the Indonesia Stock Exchange, (3) the interest rate partially does not have a significant effect on stock returns in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, (4) the inflation rate, the exchange rate, the interest rate simultaneously influence stock returns. in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.Suggestions for companies should pay more attention to financial performance factors, both as measured by profitability and the market in determining share prices. This study can further use other methods that may be better than the variable analysis used in this study, for example logistic analysis.
Teologia da Libertação na terra do dólar
Authors: Ribeiro Jorge Claudio Noel 
Published: January 2021

Embora pouco conhecida no meio acadêmico latino-americano, a Teologia da Libertação (TdL) nos EUA apresenta uma longa tradição que inspira inovadoras práticas religiosas e sociais. Essa vertente mostra a face mais madura e solidária da religião na sociedade estadunidense, contrapondo-se à corrente mainstream, neopentecostal. Profundamente enraizada na história e cultura estadunidense, a TdL se desdobra em diversas vertentes: é negra, feminista (ou “womanist”, na versão negra), hispânica, asiática, haitiana, nativo-americana e “queer”.
Ao longo de sua história, a TdL dos EUA apresenta três eixos principais. O primeiro são as Black Churches, que desde o século 18 se opunham à escravidão e à segregação dos afro-americanos que, após a abolição da escravidão se transformaram nas infames leis “Jim Crow”. A luta contra essa legislação foi religiosamente inspirada e mobilizou líderes e associações.
O segundo eixo foi a Harlem Renaissance (HR), amplo movimento artístico durante o qual numerosos intelectuais e artistas afro-americanos apresentaram expressiva produção. Embora não seja formalmente teológico, por sua contribuição à formação da identidade afro-americana, esse movimento é apontado como importante componente da TdL nos EUA.
O terceiro eixo foi o movimento pelos Direitos Civis cujo berço foi a resistência e a luta contra a escravidão. A Marcha sobre Washington, de 1963, é referência inescapável na luta pelos direitos civis. Conclamada por várias associações e igrejas, reuniu 250 mil pessoas. Na ocasião, King proferiu seu clássico discurso “Eu tenho um sonho”. A marcha acelerou importantes mudanças em tramitação no Congresso que culminaram na legislação anti-segregação no início dos anos 1960 e na eleição de Barack Obama em 2008.
ACTITUD FRENTE A LA DISTANCIA SOCIO-AFECTIVA DE LOS ESTUDIANTES EN LA ENSEÑANZA VIRTUAL
Authors: Rodriguez Rodriguez Yostin , Solórzano Paredes Anahí , Vera Chóez Mariuxi Mercedes , Parrales Poveda María Leonor 
Published: January 2021

Las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) ecuatorianas, no tenían previsto un escenario que cambiaría la modalidad de enseñanza actual; la emergencia sanitaria por el Covid-19, aceleró la inclusión de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) en el Proceso de Enseñanza y Evaluación del Aprendizaje (PEA), lo que permitió a estudiantes continuar con su formación de manera “virtual”. El proceso creó una distancia que puede generar agujeros comunicativos y socio-afectivos entre docente-estudiante. El presente artículo describe los principales cambios que muestran los estudiantes ante nuevas estrategias en su proceso de aprendizaje y las modificaciones en sus actitudes por la distancia socio-afectiva; además se analiza las competencias básicas de los docentes en este escenario. Se aplicó el método descriptivo no experimental y estadístico para medir y analizar experiencias a través de encuestas a una muestra de 248 estudiantes y 20 docentes de la Carrera Administración de Empresas de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí (UNESUM). Los resultados muestran que el cambio de modalidad produjo en los estudiantes ansiedad por las condiciones de estudio así como desmotivación. Por otro lado, la metodología aplicada por docentes, influye en la autonomía del estudiante; aquellos que no se adaptan necesitan mayor seguimiento del docente. La modalidad on-line, alteró el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, esto se pudo observar comparando las calificaciones de la modalidad de estudio presencial (PII 2019) y virtual (PI 2020).
ESTRATEGIA DIDÁCTICA PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LA MOTIVACIÓN DE LOS ESTUDIANTES EN LA ASIGNATURA INGLÉS
Authors: Moreira Aguayo Paola Yadira , Mar Cornelio Omar , García Macías Venessa Mariuxi , Casierra Párraga Celene Margarita , Vinicio Venegas Loor Leopoldo 
Published: January 2021

Esta investigación se fundamenta en una estrategia didáctica para el desarrollo de la motivación de los estudiantes de tercer, cuarto semestre que cursan la asignatura de Inglés de la carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental e Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, a través de la cual se prevé, además, la preparación del docente para enfrentar su labor. Se presenta como un medio que revela la organización lógica de sus elementos con carácter integrador, diferenciado y sistémico del proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje de la asignatura. Al mismo tiempo se muestran las principales etapas que conforman la estrategia definida, así como los resultados obtenidos en la implementación práctica de la asignatura de Inglés, mediante la aplicación de un experimento pedagógico consistente en su variante de pre - experimento.
COMPETENCIA COMUNICATIVA EN LENGUA EXTRANJERA EN EL PROCESO DE ENCULTURACIÓN DE LAS CIENCIAS: ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR
Authors: Alberteris Galbán Orlando , Cañizares Hinojosa Viviana 
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo asume el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa en lengua extranjera en el proceso de enculturación de las ciencias y fundamenta una perspectiva didáctica conducente a una mejor planificación y organización del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje que posibilite el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa en contextos específicos en estudiantes universitarios. Su base metodológica se instala en los preceptos del enfoque comunicativo, el modelo sociocultural de la enseñanza y aprendizaje en su dirección integral, colaborativa e interaccionista, así como el aprendizaje integrado de contenidos curriculares y lengua extranjera. Los resultados se concretan en la formulación de un modelo teórico simplificado de la competencia comunicativa centrado en el aprendizaje de contenidos de las ciencias, así como la creación de un instrumento exploratorio para evaluar la progresividad de la actividad comunicativa de los estudiantes en el proceso de inserción en la ciencia.
Initial consonant cluster epenthesis in Turkish and its implications to EFL
Authors: GENÇ Bilal , ÜLKERSOY Namık , DARMAZ Volkan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The phonological structure of Turkish does not allow word-initial consonant clusters. That is, the syllable onset position of borrowed vocabulary requires the insertion of an epenthetic high vowel. This changes the syllable structure by the addition of an extra syllable to the word. In Turkish schools, all grammar teachers teach those borrowed words as if they were one syllable words. However, the situation is different phonologically since these are not one syllable but two syllable words. Borrowed words such as tren (English train), plan (English plan) are pronounced with the insertion of the high vowel [i] and therefore become two syllable words. Our goal in this paper was to analyse such borrowed words drawing syllable diagrams in order to prove that these loan words actually consist of two syllables in Turkish. The diagrams were illustrated in phonetic transcription. We also concluded that Turkish initial consonant cluster epenthesis might affect Turkish EFL learners’ pronunciation of English words in their foreign language classes.

Key words: epenthesis, consonant clusters, onset, Turkish.
Image and Value Characteristics of Cranial US for Diagnosis of Meningeal Hemorrhage at Thanh Hoa Hospital of Pediatrics
Authors: Van Trung Nguyen 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: To describe the characteristics of cerebral hemorrhage images using cranial US compared with CT scan.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on 36 infants under 28 days of age diagnosed and treated for meningeal hemorrhage at Thanh Hoa Hospital of Pediatrics from August 2013 to August 2015.
Results: The value of cranial US compared with CT scan had the sensitivity, specificity with 68,8% and 87,5% respectively, and AUC was 0,781 . Kappa index was 0.61. Direct signs of cerebral hemorrhage on ultrasound: Hyperecoic 73.3%, inhomogenous echo 20%, hypoecoic 6.7%. Hematoma size: 40% less than 1cm, 53.3% from 1-3cm, 6.7% above 3cm. Hemorrhage position in the parenchyma 40%, subarachnoid 33,3%, mixed 26.7%. Indirect signs of hemorrhage level III, IV was 93,3%, level I, II was 6.7%. The midline shift grade I was 60%, grade was II 33.3% and grade III was 6.7%.
Conclusion: Cranial US is valuable for diagnosing cerebral hemorrhage in newborns.
ĐẶC ĐIỂM KIỂU HÌNH HEN DỊ ỨNG Ở TRẺ EM
Authors: Minh Huong Le Thi , Bich Hanh Nguyen Thi , Quy Sy Duong 
Published: January 2021

Phân loại kiểu hình hen dị ứng và không dị ứng giúp tối ưu hóa điều trị kiểm soát hen. Mục tiêu: Đánh giá sự khác biệt về bạch cầu ái toan trong máu, nồng độ IgE toàn phần trong huyết thanh, nồng độ FENO (nitric oxide in exhaled breath )trong khí thở ra của trẻ bị hen dị ứng và không dị ứng.Phương pháp: Tiến cứu, mô tả loạt ca bệnh. Đối tượng là bệnh nhân hen phế quản tại bệnh viện Nhi Trung ương. Biến số nghiên cứu: số lượng bạch cầu ái toan máu; nồng độ IgE huyết thanh, test lẩy da với các dị nguyên hô hấp; FEV1 và nồng độ oxit nitrit trong khí thở ra. Kết quả: 141 bệnh nhân hen phế quản, tuổi trung bình 9 ± 2,3; nam 63,8% . 75,9% có tiền sử dị ứng, viêm mũi dị ứng là bệnh đồng mắc phổ biến nhất (67,4%). Test lẩy da dương tính với mạt bụi nhà Df, Dp và Blomia lần lượt 78,0%, 75,9% và 68,8%. Trẻ hen dị ứng có số lượng bạch cầu ái toan máu cao hơn nhóm không dị ứng (630 ± 494 G/L so với 344,0 ± 320 G/L); nồng độ IgE cũng cao hơn (748,0 UI/mL so với 353,0 UI/mL). FENO ở bệnh nhân hen hen dị ứng cao hơn hen không dị ứng (25,3 ± 1,8 ppb so với 15,8 ± 4,0 ppb; p = 0,055). Không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa về giá trị FEV1, giới tính, chỉ số BMI, mức độ hen phế quản giữa hen dị ứng và không dị ứng. Kết luận: Test lẩy da, IgE, bạch cầu ái toán máu ngoại vi, nồng độ FENO là các chất chỉ điểm cho tình trạng viêm dị ứng ở trẻ hen.
Mối liên quan giữa một số virut với mức độ nặng của cơn hen phế quản cấp ở trẻ em.
Authors: Editor JPRP 
Published: January 2021

Hen phế quản là bệnh lý thường gặp gây viêm phế quản mạn tính. Ở trẻ em tác nhân khởi phát gây cơn hen cấp có vai trò quan trọng nhất là nhiễm virut. Mục tiêu: Mối liên quan giữa một số virut với mức độ nặng của cơn hen phế quản cấp ở trẻ em. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: 101 trẻ được chẩn đoán cơn hen phế quản cấp nhập viện vào khoa Miễn dịch- Dị ứng- Khớp, chẩn đoán mức độ cơn hen cấp, chẩn đoán căn nguyên virus bằng kỹ thuật PCR đa mồi 5 virus. Kết quả: trên 101 trẻ được chẩn đoán cơn hen phế quản cấp có 79 bệnh nhân có kết quả PCR dương tính với virus chiếm 78,2%. Trong đó: 93,7% (+) với RV, 5,1% (+) với Boca virus, CoVNL63 và thấp nhất là Cov 43 (2,5%). Tỷ lệ nhiễm virus phối hợp (nhiễm từ 2 virus trở lên): 6,3%. Trẻ dưới 5 tuổi: nhiễm virus ở nhóm hen nặng: 96,1%, nhóm hen nhẹ: 54,5%. Các virut liên quan cơn hen nặng ở nhóm trẻ < 5 tuổi như RV, Cov 43, CoVNL63 với p<0,05 và p<0,001. Nhóm trẻ trên 5 tuổi không có sự khác biệt rõ ràng với p>0,05. Kết luận: cơn hen cấp có liên quan với tác nhân virut chiếm 78,2%. Nhóm trẻ hen dưới 5 tuổi có 96,1% cơn hen cấp mức độ nặng liên quan nhiễm virut. Trẻ > 5 tuổi không có liên quan giữa nhiễm viruts và mức độ cơn hen.
PHẢN ỨNG DA NẶNG DO THUỐC
Authors: Khiem Nguyen Van , Minh Huong Le Thi 
Published: January 2021

Phản ứng da nặng (Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reaction, SCAR) do thuốc là một nhóm các phản ứng dị ứng thuốc gây tổn thương nghiêm trọng đến da và niêm mạc, trong những trường hợp nặng có thể ảnh hưởng đến các cơ quan nội tạng, thậm chí gây tử vong. Ngoài thuốc, một số tác nhân nhiễm trùng như Mycoplasma pneumoniacũng có thể gây ra SCAR, đặc biệt ở trẻ em. Trong bài này, xin được tập trung vào SCAR do thuốc.
SCAR bao gồm các hội chứng sau:

Hội chứng Steven – Johnson (SJS)
Hội chứng hoạt tử thượng bì nhiễm độc (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, TEN, trước đây còn được gọi là hội chứng Lyell)
Hội chứng chuyển tiếp giữa SJS và TEN (SJS/TEN overlap)
Hội chứng phản ứng với thuốc có triệu chứng toàn thân và tăng bạch cầu ái toan (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symtoms, DRESS).
Ban mụn mủ toàn thân cấp tính (Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis, AGEP).

Gần đây, phát ban cố định do thuốc thể bọng nước lan tỏa (Generalized Bullous Fixed Drug Eruption, GBFDE) cũng được một số bác sĩ xếp vào SCAR. Tuy nhiên GBFDE thường ít nguy hiểm hơn cũng như rất hiếm gặp ở trẻ em.
Trong các hội chứng trên, SJS, TEN và hội chứng chuyển tiếp SJS/TEN được cho là cùng một bệnh với các mức độ nặng khác nhau. Trong bài này, chúng được kí hiệu chung là SJS-TEN