bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast photonics of two dimensional AuTe2Se4/3 in fiber lasers
Authors: Liu Wenjun , Liu Mengli , Chen Xu , Shen Tao , Lei Ming , Guo Jiangang , Deng Huixiong , Zhang Wei , Dai Chaoqing , Zhang Xiaofei , Wei Zhiyi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe exploration of promising nonlinear optical materials, which allows for the construction of high-performance optical devices in fundamental and industrial applications, has become one of the fastest-evolving research interests in recent decades and plays a key role in the development and innovation of optics in the future. Here, by utilizing the optical nonlinearity of a recently synthesized, two dimensional material AuTe2Se4/3 prepared by the self-flux method, a passively mode-locked fiber laser operating at 1557.53 nm is achieved with 147.7 fs pulse duration as well as impressive stability (up to 91 dB). The proposed mode-locked fiber laser reveals superior overall performance compared with previously reported lasers which are more widely studied in the same band. Our work not only investigates the optical nonlinearity of AuTe2Se4/3, but also demonstrates its ultrafast photonics application. These results may stimulate further innovation and advancement in the field of nonlinear optics and ultrafast photonics.
Particle acceleration with anomalous pitch angle scattering in 3D separator reconnection
Authors: Borissov A. , Neukirch T. , Kontar E. P. , Threlfall J. , Parnell C. E. 
Published: January 2020

Context.Understanding how the release of stored magnetic energy contributes to the generation of non-thermal high energy particles during solar flares is an important open problem in solar physics. There is a general consensus that magnetic reconnection plays a fundamental role in the energy release and conversion processes taking place during flares. A common approach for investigating how reconnection contributes to particle acceleration is to use test particle calculations in electromagnetic fields derived from numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of reconnecting magnetic fields. These MHD simulations use anomalous resistivities that are orders of magnitude larger than the Spitzer resistivity that is based on Coulomb collisions. The processes leading to such an enhanced resistivity should also affect the test particles, for example, through pitch angle scattering. This study explores the effect of such a link between the level of resistivity and its impact on particle orbits and builds on a previous study using a 2D MHD simulation of magnetic reconnection.Aims.This paper aims to extend the previous investigation to a 3D magnetic reconnection configuration and to study the effect on test particle orbits.Methods.We carried out orbit calculations using a 3D MHD simulation of reconnection in a magnetic field with a magnetic separator. The orbit calculations use the relativistic guiding centre approximation but, crucially, they also include pitch angle scattering using stochastic differential equations. The effects of varying the resistivity and the models for pitch angle scattering on particle orbit trajectories, final positions, energy spectra, final pitch angle distribution, and orbit duration are all studied in detail.Results.Pitch angle scattering widens highly collimated beams of unscattered orbit trajectories, allowing orbits to access previously unaccessible field lines; this causes final positions to spread along other topological structures which could not be accessed without scattering. Scattered orbit energy spectra are found to be predominantly affected by the level of anomalous resistivity, with the pitch angle scattering model only playing a role in specific, isolated cases. This is in contrast to the study involving a 2D MHD simulation of magnetic reconnection, where pitch angle scattering had a more noticeable effect on the energy spectra. Pitch scattering effects are found to play a crucial role in determining the pitch angle and orbit duration distributions.
SCALP: a detector for (n,α) cross-section measurements
Authors: Lehaut G. , Bourgeot M. , Galhaut B. , Goupillière D. , Henri M. , Lecolley F.R. , Ledoux X. , J. Lory , Manduci L. , Marie N. , Perronnel J. , Vandamme Ch. 
Published: January 2020

Neutron induced reactions on oxygen have been studied with strong interest because of the uncertainties generated on the helium production in fuel and on the neutron multiplication factor in nuclear reactors [1], [2]. Still large discrepancies exist and new measurements are welcome in order to acquire new data aiming at the uncertainty reduction [3].
SCALP (Scintillating ionization Chamber for ALPha particle production in neutron induced reaction) is a new scintillating ionization chamber [4] used as an active target to measure the cross section of (n, alpha) reactions on various gaseous targets such as 19F or 16O, from the reaction threshold up to 15 MeV. It consists of an ionization chamber filled with CF4 (for fluorine measurements) or CF4+CO2(for oxygen measurements) allowing the detection of the energy deposed by the light charged particles emitted in the (n, alpha) reaction. In addition, four Photo- Multiplier Tubes detect the scintillation light produced by the interaction of the particles in the gas active volume. Taking advantage of the fast response of the scintillation, the neutron kinetic energy can be inferred by time-of-flight measurements. SCALP is then well adapted to mono-energetic neutron beams or to white neutron beams that will be delivered at the NFS Facility [5].
Because of its good resolution, SCALP discriminates different channel outputs, enabling to disentangle the different reactions [6]. We will present the performances of the SCALP detector in terms of temporal and energetic features. We will also present tests made at the GENESIS plate-form at the LPSC Grenoble [7].
Using laser remote heating to simulate extreme thermal heat loads on nuclear fuels
Authors: Vidal T. , Gallais L. , Faucheux J. , Capdevila H. , Pontillon Y. 
Published: January 2020

Up to now, predicting accurately the Fission Gas Release (FGR) from high burn up UO2 and/or MOX (Mixed Oxide) fuels at off-normal conditions, such as power transient, reactivity-initiated accident (RIA) and loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA), is still a significant and very challenging task. For this purpose, different R&D programs have been carried out in France, as well as in other countries. This has been done with a specific emphasis on mechanisms which promote the FGR under accidental conditions. These studies can be performed thanks to dedicated integral experiments conducted in-pile (i.e. in Materials Testing Reactor) with the corresponding cost and constraints, or at the laboratory scale with annealing tests which allow to be representative of specific parameters (thermal history for instance). During these annealing tests under well-known conditions (temperature, atmosphere), both the absolute level and the time dependence of the released gases should be monitored, together with the corresponding fuel micro-structural changes, since experimental knowledge of fission gas release alone is not efficient enough. This approach requires more and more accurate on-line measurements. This corresponds to the driving force of the present work.
In this contribution, we will present our progress in developing an experimental platform that can submit nuclear fuel and cladding samples to annealing tests involving very high temperatures (up to 2500°C) and very fast temperature ramp (up to thousands of °C/s) with controlled thermal gradients and temporal dynamics. This new platform implements innovative instrumentation, such as optical diagnostics to measure fuel fragmentation kinetics and infrared pyrometry for temperature monitoring. This experiment is based on a high-power laser (1.5kW) coupled to an experimental chamber with controlled atmosphere (Ar, N2, or vacuum) and specific optical components.
Based on the spatial beam profile and temporal power function of the laser, it is possible which such a system to produce complex spatio-temporal temperature gradients, relevant for addressing different research needs. It provides access to extreme conditions that are very difficult to reach with other means. Particularly, one of main objectives of this work is to investigate conditions of Reactivity Initiated Accident (RIA).
The first experiments performed on inactive materials, non-irradiated uranium dioxide, is presented in order to highlight the capabilities of this technique.
Producing Useful Chemicals Using a Nuclear Reactor
Authors: Plant Arran George , Najdanovic-Visak Vesna , Joyce Malcolm J. , Snoj Luka , Jazbec Anže 
Published: January 2020

In this paper, the irradiation of glycerol and ethylene glycol by either mixed (neutron-γ) or γ-only (γ) fields at the TRIGA reactor of the Jožef Stefan Institute is described. This is highly relevant to future applications of fission reactor systems to produce useful feedstock derivatives from organic waste, beyond the production of heat and power.
Samples of glycerol and ethyl glycol have been exposed to neutron-gamma radiation with fast neutron fluxes ranging from 7.7×1010 to 3×1012 cm−2s−1 and gamma-only irradiation at maximum dose-rates of 492 and 10 kGy hr−1, respectively. A study of the dependence of product yield versus absorbed dose has been conducted, for total dose ranges of 1 to 100 kGy. The products of these exposures have been identified through Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques.
Analysis comparing neutron-gamma irradiated samples of ethylene glycol and glycerol with gamma-irradiated samples shows no detectable qualitative difference between either irradiation type. Although, additional radiolysis products were detected when compared with available literature; ethyl acetate from ethylene glycol and solketal from glycerol. Quantitatively, neutron-gamma irradiation seems to be less effective at producing acetaldehyde from ethylene glycol, compared with gamma-only which can be explained through neutron moderation and consequent heating effects due to the borosilicate vials.
Querschnittlähmung in Deutschland – eine Befragung
zur Lebens- und Versorgungssituation von Menschen mit
Querschnittlähmung
Authors: Bökel Andrea , Egen Christoph , Gutenbrunner Christoph , Weidner Norbert , Moosburger Jürgen , Abel Frank-Rainer , Rupp Rüdiger , Kalke York-Bernhard , Liebscher Thomas , Kurze Ines , Sauer Marion , Geng Veronika , Sturm Christian 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Im Rahmen eines global angelegten Projekts (InSCI) zum Vergleich der
Lebens- und Versorgungssituation querschnittgelähmter Menschen in 21
Ländern, wurde in Deutschland eine umfassende schriftliche Datenerhebung
(GerSCI) initiiert und durchgeführt. Ziel war die Erhebung belastbarer
Daten als Legitimationsgrundlage gesundheitspolitischer Entscheidungen im Sinne
des Learning Health Systems.
Methodik Die nationale Erhebung war als prospektive Querschnittstudie
angelegt. Zum Einsatz kam ein teilstandardisierter Fragebogen der sowohl
schriftlich als auch online ausgefüllt werden konnte, Die Rekrutierung
der Teilnehmenden erfolgte über die Krankenhausinformationssysteme von
acht Spezialzentren für querschnittgelähmte Menschen.
Ergebnisse Die Studienpopulation (N=1479) war im Durchschnitt
55,3 Jahre alt (SD: 14,6) und zu 72,9% männlichen Geschlechts.
Die Zeit seit Lähmungseintritt betrug im Mittel 13,9 Jahre. Die Ursache
der Querschnittlähmung war zu zwei Dritteln traumatisch. Das
Lähmungsmuster war in 51,2% eine Paraplegie. Das am
häufigsten genannte querschnittlähmungsspezifische
gesundheitliche Problem war die Störung der Sexualität.
Medizinische Behandlungen zu dieser Problematik wurden nur selten in Anspruch
genommen. Schwerwiegende Umweltbarrieren waren die unzureichende
Zugänglichkeit von Privathaushalten und öffentlichen Orten. Von
den befragten Personen im erwerbsfähigen Alter waren 42,5%
berufstätig und damit ca. 10% weniger als bspw. in der Schweiz.
Als die 2 belastendsten Situationen im Alltag wurden das Führen intimer
Beziehungen und die Nutzung öffentlicher Verkehrsmittel angegeben.
Diskussion Die gesundheitlichen Probleme der betroffenen Personen sowie
deren medizinische Versorgung, die Umweltbarrieren als auch die
Erwerbstätigkeit und Schwierigkeiten bei Aktivitäten des
täglichen Lebens werden an politische Entscheidungsträger und
weitere Akteure herangetragen, um Lösungen zu erarbeiten.
Fetale Ultraschallbiometrie bei Gestationsdiabetes: Mehr Insulin – fraglicher Nutzen – Kommentar aus diabetologischer Sicht zum Cochrane-Review und zur Metaanalyse
Authors: Kleinwechter Helmut , Demandt Norbert , Nolte Andreas 
Published: January 2020

ZusammenfassungIm September 2019 hat eine australische Cochrane-Arbeitsgruppe eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit und Metaanalyse zur Frage der fetalen Ultraschallbiometrie bei Gestationsdiabetes vorgelegt. Die Auswertung bezog sich auf 3 randomisierte, kontrollierte Studien mit insgesamt 524 schwangeren Frauen. Die Auswertung von 24 präspezifizierten Endpunkten ergab, dass die Beweislage für fetale Ultraschalluntersuchungen, ergänzend zur Blutglukoseselbstkontrolle, unzureichend ist, um einen Vorteil ableiten zu können. Eine 5 Jahre zuvor durchgeführte Metaanalyse von 2 der 3 Studien belegte zwar eine geringere Anzahl von LGA-Neugeborenen, aber auch eine erhöhte Rate an Insulintherapien in der Ultraschallgruppe. Die Ergebnisse werden aus diabetologischer Sicht kommentiert und mögliche Konsequenzen diskutiert.
Bilateral high origin of terminal branches of brachial artery : a case report
Authors: Sarma Amitav , Saikia Bishwajeet 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA case of bilateral high termination of brachial artery was found during a cadaveric dissection at NEIGRIHMS, Meghalaya. The brachial artery of both arms in the upper 113rd divided into supericial and deep branches, the superficial artery was observed anteromedial and the deep artery posteromedial in relation to the median nerve. In the cubital fossa, the deep artery passed beneath the pronator teres muscle to give common interosseous artery which divided into anterior and posterior interosseous branches. The main trunk followed normal ulnar arterial course. In both the arms, the superficial branch of brachial artery remained lateral to the median nerve to reach the cubital fossa where it passed deep to the bicipital aponeurosis and descended just beneath the brachioradials muscle, following the normal course of radial artery. These developmental variations were thoroughly discussed and compared with previously published findings with their clinical importance.
Histogenesis of human fetal thymus in different gestational age groups
Authors: Prabavathy G 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background & Aim: The present study is aimed to document the histological changes of thymus gland during different weeks of gestation in human fetuses. Materials & methods: Fifty-three human fetuses (30 males and 23 females) of different age groups ranging from 9th to 40th gestational week were procured from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai and from Mahathma Gandhi Medical College, Puducherry. The fetuses were dissected. The thymic tissues thus obtained were immersed in I 0% formalin for one week. After proper fixation, the tissue was subjected to routine processing and then the sections were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin for microscopic examination. Results : Formation of lobules had started at 9th week and distinct formation of lobules was observed during the 12th week. The differentiation of the cortex and the medulla became well distinguished from the 14th week onwards. Presence of Hassall's Corpuscles was observed from 14th week and was found in all sections from 15th week onwards. Hassall's Corpuscles increased in number, size and maturity with the increase in the gestational age. Conclusion: Familiarity with the embryology, anatomy, and dynamic physiology of the thymus is essential for clinicians to avoid unnecessary imaging or invasive procedures.
Guns in Bangla cinema across borders: perspectives on cultural evolution
Authors: Huq Sabiha , Mukherjee Srideep 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn tracing a specific trajectory of cultural evolution, this paper builds upon Jean Baudrillard’s concept of ‘simulacrum’, arguing that the use of guns in Bangla cinema from Bangladesh and West Bengal (India) is connected with ‘hyper-reality’ and ‘simulation’. The authors hold that both are symptomatic of the unreal nature of contemporary Bengali culture in an age of mass consumption. A perusal of Bangla cinema following the Partition of India (consequently, of Bengal too) in 1947, and the Liberation war of Bangladesh in 1971 shows a tradition of ample use of guns and ammunition. The authors perceive three distinct phases of such representation—films from West Bengal highlighting Partition violence around 1947; exponents from Bangladesh upholding the independence of former East Pakistan in 1971 and the brutality of the West Pakistan armed forces; and hyper action in contemporary commercial cinema. The last category is perceived by and large as hyperrealist, for it substitutes ‘the signs of the real for the real itself’. Basing upon Baudrillard’s contention that we have lost our capacity to grasp reality as it is, and need to depend on set-up realities in a virtual world, this paper claims that the initial patriotic zeal (its remnants notwithstanding) of Bangla cinema has taken a retrogressive turn, so as to seek recourse in representations of violence as channels of personalised/disorganised pseudo-real entertainment like video games. This undoubtedly signifies the confusion of cultural values. The paper hypothesises that the first two categories qualify as cultural texts attempting to approximate historical realities, wherein guns function as vital symbols of power and unity, resistance and liberation. The third category, conversely, is another façade of culture—one that symbolises the present time as an ‘age of simulations’ that hardly has any organic connection with ground realties that the films claim to contextualise. The authors from either side of the India-Bangladesh border intend to focus on the use of guns in Bangla cinema of these three evolving phases, applying film analysis to select productions from Bangladesh and West Bengal in India. The paper is conceptualised as a substantial contribution to film and cultural studies, as this area has hitherto remained uncharted in academic discussion.
MiR-219a-2-3p suppresses cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis by targeting MDM2/p53 in pituitary adenomas cells
Authors: Wang Yibiao , Zhao Jiaonong , Zhang Chaocai , Wang Pengcheng , Huang Chuixue , Peng Hao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Pituitary adenomas constitute one of the most common intracranial tumors. MicroRNAs play an important role in development and progression of pituitary adenomas. In this study, we showed that miR-219a-2-3p was significantly down-regulated in pituitary adenomas cells. Overexpression of miR-219a-2-3p suppressed the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of pituitary adenomas cells. After bioinformatics analysis, we found that MDM2 was one of the downstream targets of miR-219a-2-3p. Further researches showed that miR-219a-2-3p could reduce the protein level of MDM2 by binding to the 3ʹ-UTR of MDM2 and promoted p53 expression. Then, we overexpressed both miR-219a-2-3p and MDM2 in the same group and found that it could counteract the effect of overexpressing miR-219a-2-3p alone on proliferation and apoptosis of pituitary adenoma cells. Taken together, these results suggested that miR-219a-2-3p regulated the proliferation and apoptosis by targeting MDM2/p53 in pituitary adenomas. Therefore, miR-219a-2-3p may serve as a novel marker and therapeutic target for pituitary adenomas.
The sake yeast YHR032W/ERC1 allele contributes to the regulation of the tetrahydrofolate content in the folate synthetic pathway in sake yeast strains
Authors: Kanai Muneyoshi , Kawata Tomoko , Morimoto Tomoko , Mizunuma Masaki , Watanabe Daisuke , Akao Takeshi , Fujii Tsutomu , Iefuji Haruyuki 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
To elucidate the mechanism underlying tetrahydrofolate (THF) accumulation in sake yeast strains compared with that in laboratory yeast strains, we performed a quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. The results revealed that the sake yeast ERC1 allele contributes to an increase in the ratio of THF to the total folate content in sake yeast.
The development of tungsten inert gas welding practical manual for vocational high school
Authors: Marwanto A , Hendrik N , Prasetya T A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This study aims to develop a product in the form of a tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding practice manual for Class XII students and find out the level of the eligibility. This research is a type of Research and Development (R&D) research. The stages of this research include problem identification, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, limited trial, product revision I, large group trial, product revision 2, product ready to use. Data collection techniques are done using a questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. The results of this study are in the form of a TIG welding practice manual for class XII students. The feasibility level of the TIG welding practice manual is known through the validation process carried out by 4 expert validators. The feasibility test was conducted on 30 students. The average feasibility value obtained from experts as well as the feasibility test on students was 84.81% and included in the very feasible category.
Visual inspection on shielded metal arc welding products of Asian welding contestants in Yogyakarta province
Authors: Djatmiko R D , Kurniawan D A , Pratiwi H 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This research aims to determine the quality of 3F blunt connection (T-Joint) and 2G shielded metal arc welding (butt joint) of the welding products of the regional selection contestants of ASEAN Skill Contest-Vocational High School (ASC-VHS) in Yogyakarta province. This study was implemented using a discrete approach. The data in this research were collected using a check list for the quality assessment of welding engineering students through a visual inspection and measuring tool for welding gauge. This research was conducted in the fabrication workshop, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University. The population of this study was all contestants of the 2019 ASEAN Skill Contest (ASC) regional selection in welding in the Yogyakarta Special Region. The results of this research show that the quality of the student competencies is still below The Welding Institute (TWI) standard. The aspect that becomes the weakness of contestants in the implementation of the ASC-VHS regional selection for welding includes a lack of understanding and knowledge in determining the welding requirements especially in identifying the welding code, selecting the current Welding, recognizing the type of metal material, recognizing the type of shielded metal arc welding electrodes, and knowing the function of occupational safety and health. Also, welding defects were found in the welding products.