bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High susceptibility to collagen-induced arthritis in mice with progesterone receptors selectively inhibited in osteoprogenitor cells
Authors: Liu Lixian , Jia Junjing , Jiang Min , Liu Xueping , Dai Chenling , Wise Barton L. , Lane Nancy E. , Yao Wei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundProgesterone receptor (PR) affects immunomodulation, and lack of PR in osteoprogenitor cells primarily affects pathways associated with immunomodulation, especially in males. In this study, we selectively deleted PR from osteoprogenitor cells using Prx1-Cre to evaluate the tissue-specific effects of PR on the pathegenesis of inflammatary arthritis (IA).MethodsCollagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was used as an IA animal model. Both male and female PRΔPrx1mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates were immunized with collagen II (CII) emulsified complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). Joint erosion, inflammation, and cartilage damage were assessed using a semiquantitative histologic scoring system. Bone volume and erosions in knee and ankle joints were quantitated using microCT and histology.ResultsBone erosions developed in both paw joints in 37.5% and 41.7% of the WT and PRΔPrx1female mice and in 45.4 and 83.3% of the WT and PRΔPrx1male mice, respectively. Also, both joint damage and subchondral bone erosions were significantly more severe in male PRcKO-CIA mice than in male WT-CIA mice. Female PRΔPrx1mice also developed higher bone loss in the knee joints than the KO-normal or WT-CIA females although with less severity compared to the male mice.ConclusionsThe presence of PR in osteoprogenitor cells decreased the development of collagen-induced arthritis and might help to explain the sex differences observed in human inflammatory arthritis.
Changes in relative histone abundance and heterochromatin in αA-crystallin and αB-crystallin knock-in mutant mouse lenses
Authors: Andley Usha P. , Naumann Brittney N. , Hamilton Paul D. , Bozeman Stephanie L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
Understanding the mechanisms of cataract formation is important for age-related and hereditary cataracts caused by mutations in lens protein genes. Lens proteins of the crystallin gene families α-, β-, and γ-crystallin are the most abundant proteins in the lens. Single point mutations in crystallin genes cause autosomal dominant cataracts in multigenerational families. Our previous proteomic and RNAseq studies identified genes and proteins altered in the early stages of cataract formation in mouse models. Histones H2A, H2B, and H4 increase in abundance in αA- and αB-crystallin mutant mouse lenses and in cultured cells expressing the mutant form of αA-crystallin linked with hereditary cataracts.

Results
In this study of histones in mutant lenses, we extracted histones from adult mouse lenses from cryaa-R49C and cryab-R120G mutant knock-in mice. We characterized the histones using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF)-mass spectrometric analysis and gel electrophoresis and characterized the lens nucleus morphology using electron microscopy (EM). The relative abundance of histone H3 protein decreased in lenses from cryaa-R49C mutant mice and the relative abundance of histone H2 increased in these lenses. Electron microscopy of nuclei from cryaa-R49C-homozygous mutant mouse lenses revealed a pronounced alteration in the distribution of heterochromatin.
Use of adrenaline continuous infusion to treat hypotension during general anaesthesia in a cow and a calf
Authors: Gómez Fernández Laura , Niimura del Barrio María Chie , Loughran Claire 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundHypotension is one of the most common complications observed during inhalation anaesthesia in veterinary patients. Treatment of hypotension in cattle is more challenging than in other species, owing to the limited number of drugs licensed in food producing animals. The use of adrenaline as an infusion to support blood pressure has not been described previously in bovines.Case presentationA cow and a calf presented to University College Dublin Veterinary Hospital for bilateral mandibular fracture repair and bladder rupture repair respectively, developed severe anaesthetic related hypotension unresponsive to conventional treatments. In both cases an adrenaline infusion was started and slowly increased to effect, with infusion rates ranging from 0.01 to 0.25 μg/kg/min. Blood pressure increased as the adrenaline infusion rate increased, but clinically significant improvements in blood pressure were only observed with infusion rates exceeding 0.05 μg/kg/min. The side effect observed with adrenaline infusion was an increase in plasma lactate levels in both cases. Both animals were euthanised due to non-anaesthetic related complications.ConclusionsMaintenance of normotension is important during bovine anaesthesia to prevent the development of post-anaesthetic complications. In the cases described here, adrenaline was effective as an additional treatment of anaesthetic related hypotension. Further research is required to establish the recommended infusion rates, cardiovascular effects and possible side effects of adrenaline infusion administration as a treatment for hypotension in bovines.
Improving aerial image transmission quality using trajectory-aided OLSR in flying ad hoc networks
Authors: Hou Chen , Xu Zhexin , Jia Wen-Kang , Cai Jianyong , Li Hui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUAVs have been widely used in various applications. Auto coordination of multiple UAVs through AI or mission planning software can provide significant improvements in many applications, including battlefield reconnaissance, topographical mapping, and search and rescue missions. Under such circumstances, the trajectory information is known for a set amount of time, and the system’s performance relies on the network between UAVs and their base. Here, a new protocol is proposed that takes the trajectory of UAVs as a known factor and uses it to improve optimized link state routing (OLSR). In this protocol,Q-learning is adopted to find the best route for the system. Additionally, a packet forwarding arrangement is described that addresses the common problem of deteriorating image quality often faced by UAVs. The simulation results show significant improvements over OLSR and GPSR under a sparsely distributed scenario, with the packet delivery ratio improved by over 30% and over 40 s reduction in the end-to-end delay.
Primary user emulation and jamming attack detection in cognitive radio via sparse coding
Authors: Furqan Haji M. , Aygül Mehmet A. , Nazzal Mahmoud , Arslan Hüseyin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCognitive radio is an intelligent and adaptive radio that improves the utilization of the spectrum by its opportunistic sharing. However, it is inherently vulnerable to primary user emulation and jamming attacks that degrade the spectrum utilization. In this paper, an algorithm for the detection of primary user emulation and jamming attacks in cognitive radio is proposed. The proposed algorithm is based on the sparse coding of the compressed received signal over a channel-dependent dictionary. More specifically, the convergence patterns in sparse coding according to such a dictionary are used to distinguish between a spectrum hole, a legitimate primary user, and an emulator or a jammer. The process of decision-making is carried out as a machine learning-based classification operation. Extensive numerical experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in detecting the aforementioned attacks with high success rates. This is validated in terms of the confusion matrix quality metric. Besides, the proposed algorithm is shown to be superior to energy detection-based machine learning techniques in terms of receiver operating characteristics curves and the areas under these curves.
$C^{*}$-Algebra valued fuzzy normed spaces with application of Hyers–Ulam stability of a random integral equation
Authors: Chaharpashlou R. , O’Regan Donal , Park Choonkil , Saadati Reza 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider $C^{*}$

C
∗

-algebra valued fuzzy normed spaces. We study the random integral equation $(\frac{1}{2c})\int _{x-cd}^{x+cd}u(\gamma ,\tau ,d_{0})\,d\tau =u( \gamma ,x,d)$
(

1

2
c

)

∫

x
−
c
d

x
+
c
d

u
(
γ
,
τ
,

d
0

)

d
τ
=
u
(
γ
,
x
,
d
)
which is related to the stochastic wave equation. In addition, using a $C^{*}$

C
∗

-algebra valued fuzzy controller function, we consider its $C^{*}$

C
∗

-algebra valued fuzzy Hyers–Ulam stability.
Abundant solitary wave solutions to an extended nonlinear Schrödinger’s equation with conformable derivative using an efficient integration method
Authors: Ghanbari Behzad , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Aldhaifallah Mujahed 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of the use of mathematical software has dramatically influenced the evolution of differential equations. The use of these useful tools leads to faster advances in the presentation of numerical and analytical methods. This paper retrieves several soliton solutions to the fractional perturbed Schrödinger’s equation with Kerr and parabolic law nonlinearity, and local conformable derivative. The method used in this article, called the generalized exponential rational function method, also relies heavily on the use of symbolic software such as Maple. The considered model has prominent applications in water optical metamaterials. The method retrieves several exponential, hyperbolic, and trigonometric function solutions to the model. The numerical evolution of the obtained solutions is also exhibited. The resulted wide range of solutions derived from the method proves its effectiveness in solving the model under investigation. It is also recommended to use the technique used in this article to solve similar problems.
On Hilfer generalized proportional fractional derivative
Authors: Ahmed Idris , Kumam Poom , Jarad Fahd , Borisut Piyachat , Jirakitpuwapat Wachirapong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMotivated by the Hilfer and the Hilfer–Katugampola fractional derivative, we introduce in this paper a new Hilfer generalized proportional fractional derivative, which unifies the Riemann–Liouville and Caputo generalized proportional fractional derivative. Some important properties of the proposed derivative are presented. Based on the proposed derivative, we consider a nonlinear fractional differential equation with nonlocal initial condition and show that this equation is equivalent to the Volterra integral equation. In addition, the existence and uniqueness of solutions are proven using fixed point theorems. Furthermore, we offer two examples to clarify the results.
Mechanisms affecting the implementation of a national antimicrobial stewardship programme; multi-professional perspectives explained using normalisation process theory
Authors: Currie Kay , Laidlaw Rebecca , Ness Valerie , Gozdzielewska Lucyna , Malcom William , Sneddon Jacqueline , Seaton Ronald Andrew , Flowers Paul 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) describes activities concerned with safe-guarding antibiotics for the future, reducing drivers for the major global public health threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), whereby antibiotics are less effective in preventing and treating infections. Appropriate antibiotic prescribing is central to AMS. Whilst previous studies have explored the effectiveness of specific AMS interventions, largely from uni-professional perspectives, our literature search could not find any existing evidence evaluating the processes of implementing an integrated national AMS programme from multi-professional perspectives.

Methods
This study sought to explain mechanisms affecting the implementation of a national antimicrobial stewardship programme, from multi-professional perspectives. Data collection involved in-depth qualitative telephone interviews with 27 implementation lead clinicians from 14/15 Scottish Health Boards and 15 focus groups with doctors, nurses and clinical pharmacists (n = 72) from five Health Boards, purposively selected for reported prescribing variation. Data was first thematically analysed, barriers and enablers were then categorised, and Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) was used as an interpretive lens to explain mechanisms affecting the implementation process. Analysis addressed the NPT questions ‘which group of actors have which problems, in which domains, and what sort of problems impact on the normalisation of AMS into everyday hospital practice’.

Results
Results indicated that major barriers relate to organisational context and resource availability. AMS had coherence for implementation leads and prescribing doctors; less so for consultants and nurses who may not access training. Conflicting priorities made obtaining buy-in from some consultants difficult; limited role perceptions meant few nurses or clinical pharmacists engaged with AMS. Collective individual and team action to implement AMS could be constrained by lack of medical continuity and hierarchical relationships. Reflexive monitoring based on audit results was limited by the capacity of AMS Leads to provide direct feedback to practitioners.

Conclusions
This study provides original evidence of barriers and enablers to the implementation of a national AMS programme, from multi-professional, multi-organisational perspectives. The use of a robust theoretical framework (NPT) added methodological rigour to the findings. Our results are of international significance to healthcare policy makers and practitioners seeking to strengthen the sustainable implementation of hospital AMS programmes in comparable contexts.
Clinical characteristics of four cancer patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan, China
Authors: Song Shi-Hui , Chen Tie-Long , Deng Li-Ping , Zhang Yong-Xi , Mo Ping-Zheng , Gao Shi-Cheng , Hu Wen-Jia , Xiong Yong , Ma Zhi-Yong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) led to the outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan. The virus is highly infectious. Patients with cancer might be susceptible to the viral infection because of the immunosuppressive state cause by therapies on tumors.

Case presentation
We present the clinical features of four cancer patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 in late January of 2020 in our hospital. Cases 1 and 3 were diagnosed as mild and common type of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) and survived from the viral infection. They acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection during their staying in hospital under radiotherapy and surgery of the tumors. Cases 2 and 4 suffered from severe type of COVID-19, and Case 2 was dead owning to the advanced age, uncontrolled chronic B cell lymphocytic leukemia and many other underlying diseases. The immunosuppressive state induced by liver transplantation and anti-rejection therapy might contribute to the severity of COVID-19 in Case 4, who suffered from hepatitis B related hepatocellular carcinoma. However, Case 4 was recovered from COVID-19 after a combination therapy against virus, bacteria and fungi, and also respiratory support. Nearly all patients showed a decrease in lymphocytes including total CD3+ T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells after infection of the virus.

Conclusions
The severity of COVID-19 might be influenced by immune system state and underlying diseases in cancer patients. And the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients is challenged by the immunosuppressive state of these patients under chemotherapy or surgery.
Emotion regulation strategies in bulimia nervosa: an experimental investigation of mindfulness, self-compassion, and cognitive restructuring
Authors: Hessler-Kaufmann Johannes Baltasar , Heese Julia , Berking Matthias , Voderholzer Ulrich , Diedrich Alice 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
While improving emotion regulation (ER) is a central goal in the therapy of bulimia nervosa (BN), there is no experimental evidence on the efficacy of different ER strategies. (1) We hypothesized that mindfulness as well as self-compassion as contextual strategies and cognitive restructuring as classical cognitive behavioral strategy would outperform waiting in improving emotional and eating disorder related outcomes after an unpleasant mood induction. Further, we explored (2) whether contextual strategies outperformed cognitive restructuring and (3) whether comorbid mental disorders and previous treatment for BN influenced the efficacy of contextual ER strategies compared to cognitive restructuring.

Methods
Within their first 2 weeks of treatment, inpatients with BN were instructed to utilize mindfulness, self-compassion, and cognitive restructuring or to wait after a pre-induced sadness in a permuted repeated measures design. Patients further rated different emotional and cognitive outcomes on a visual analogue scale at baseline, and before and after each ER strategy. Multiple linear regression analyses were employed to compare (1) the active conditions to waiting, (2) the contextual strategies with cognitive restructuring, and (3) the latter analysis again, but separated according to comorbidity and previous treatment.

Results
Forty-eight female inpatients with BN (mean age = 26.44 years, SD = 6.64) completed the study. (1) Contextual ER strategies were more efficacious than waiting for eating disorder symptoms. Cognitive restructuring did not differ from waiting for any outcome. (2) Contextual strategies were more efficacious than cognitive restructuring for emotional outcomes. (3) Self-compassion was more efficacious than cognitive restructuring in patients with comorbid mental disorders and previous treatment in increasing control over the present feeling.

Conclusions
Contextual strategies, especially self-compassion, seem more efficacious than waiting and cognitive restructuring in improving short-term ER in patients with BN in an experimental setting.
Comparison of trace element chemistry in human bones interred in two private chapels attached to Franciscan friaries in Italy and Denmark: an investigation of social stratification in two medieval and post-medieval societies
Authors: Rasmussen Kaare Lund , Delbey Thomas , d’Imporzano Paolo , Skytte Lilian , Schiavone Simone , Torino Marielva , Tarp Peter , Thomsen Per Orla 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Individuals buried in two 17th–18th Century private chapels, each attached to a Franciscan Friary—one in Italy the other in Denmark—have been studied and sampled for trace element analysis. This selection of individuals allows a comparison of the trace element inventory of members of noble families against friars and townspeople, as well as a comparison between two very similar situations in Denmark and Italy. The relevance of this study is to see if and how differences in social status, and therefore likely differences in dietary habits, are reflected in the trace element chemistry of the bones. Samples of cortical and trabecular tissues have been procured from a long bone, preferentially the femur. The samples have been thoroughly decontaminated. 87 samples from 69 individuals have been analysed for Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Sr, Ba, and Pb by ICP-MS and Hg by CV-AAS. Sex and age at death have been established by anthropological analysis for all members of the two noble families. We find systematic differences between the noble family members and the friars (or townspeople) in both Italy and Denmark. The noble families are in both cases low in Sr and Ba compared to the friars and townspeople, which is interpreted as a dietary signal resulting from higher meat consumption than in the comparative groups. Lead concentrations are found to be higher in the noble family members than in the comparative groups, and the Pb concentration seems to increase with age in the Italian noble family, where both young and middle-aged individuals were investigated. Mercury concentrations are higher in some of the Italian noble family members compared to friars and townspeople; whereas in Denmark it seems that Hg was equally available to the noble family members and the friars alike. This is the first comprehensive and comparative study of post-medieval noble families in Denmark and Italy. The results show that there are distinct similarities in the trace element distribution patterns in the noble family members irrespective of country, which is tentatively suggested to be due to their higher social status.
Preliminary geological evidence for multiple tremors in Kwoi, Central Nigeria
Authors: Goki Nathaniel Goter , Onwuka Solomon Anayo , Oleka Adama Baba , Iyakwari Shekwoyandu , Tanko Ishak Yau , Kana Aisha Abubakar , Umbugadu Allu Augustine , Usman Halima Osu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPreliminary field assessment of the geological evidence for the September 2016 multiple tremors was felt as far as 10 km in Nok and Chori villages in the north and northwest of Kwoi respectively. This involved systematic studies of the crack pattern and intensity on buildings, rocks and hanging walls of slopes around the area with the highest shock. The structural mapping was complemented by composite images of SPOT 5, supplementary subsurface investigations utilized aeromagnetic data, seismic data, and Digital Terrain Model (DTM) for the area. Results show that the major evidence that proved a possible link to the area of highest impact is the tremor triggered displacement of a 4 by 3 m diameter rock boulder situated about a kilometre from the Kwoi town, some 3 km from the nearest epicentre that fell through a cumulative distance of 25 m, splitting the fresh granite boulder into two and creating a high impact scar on its path. Seismic vibrations that shook the residents of Kwoi and environs (with epicentres located along a NE-SW linear traverse and remotely coinciding with buried fractures) appear to have been generated and propagated laterally from the rocks along a northwest-southeast profile. Despite the non-homogenous strengths of the impacted buildings, the near-consistency of the E-W striking walls being the most fractured gives a remote connection with the major 345° to 015° fracture patterns on the granitic plutons that shields Kwoi town to the north. Additionally, the intensity of the fractures and collapse in the buildings increased south-westwards from the perceived area of highest impact. A possible tectonic origin related to stress build up in the rocks of the area for the tremors can be insinuated thereby foreclosing the theory of a non-tectonic origin being considered in some quarters including the recent Mpape Abuja tremor of 2018. All these epicentres plot along an extrapolated trend that coincides with the Chain Fracture Zone of the North Atlantic.
Real-time ultrasound-guided external intracerebral hemorrhage drain placement
Authors: Feng Cong , Huang Sai , Chen Li , Zhou Xuan , Wang Li-Li , Lv Fa-Qin , Li Tan-Shi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe report a new minimally invasive technique utilizing interventional ultrasound for precise external intracerebral hemorrhage drain (EICHD) placement in pigs.
The affective neuroscience of socioeconomic status: implications for mental health
Authors: Hao Yu , Farah Martha J. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryWe review basic science research on neural mechanisms underlying emotional processing in individuals of differing socioeconomic status (SES). We summarise SES differences in response to positive and negative stimuli in limbic and cortical regions associated with emotion and emotion regulation. We discuss the possible relevance of neuroscience to understanding the link between mental health and SES. We hope to provide insights into future neuroscience research on the etiology and pathophysiology of mental disorders relating to SES.