bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of Ultimate Strength Assessment of Ageing and Damaged Ship Structures
Authors: Tekgoz M. , Garbatov Y. , Soares C. Guedes 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe objective of this work is to provide an overview of the ultimate strength assessment of ageing and damaged ship structures in the last decades. Particular attention is paid to the ultimate strength of plates, stiffened panels, box girders, and entire ship hull structures subjected to corrosion degradation, fatigue cracking, and mechanical damage caused by accidental loading or impact. A discussion on the effect of the cyclic load on the plate rigidity, re-yielding, and ultimate load capacity on the ship hull girder is also part of the present study. Finally, some conclusions and discussions about potential future work are provided, identifying that more studies about the impact of corrosion degradation on the structural behaviour of the stiffened panels and the overall hull girders are needed. Studies related to the dynamic collapse behaviour of corroded and damaged ship structures under time-variant load also requires additional attention.
Vitamin D in Head and Neck Cancer: a Systematic Review
Authors: Mäkitie Antti , Tuokkola Iida , Laurell Göran , Mäkitie Outi , Olsen Kerry , Takes Robert P. , Florek Ewa , Szyfter Krzysztof , Sier Cornelis F. M. , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose of review
Observational studies have shown that serum 25-OH vitamin D [25(OH)D] is inversely associated with overall cancer risk in many malignancies. We performed a systematic literature review to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is related to head and neck cancer (HNC) etiology and outcome.

Recent findings
The search yielded five prospective studies reporting 25(OH)D levels prior to cancer diagnosis and their effect on the risk of HNC. Eight studies were cross-sectional or case-control studies, in which 25(OH)D levels were only measured after cancer diagnosis. Two studies found an inverse association between 25(OH)D level and HNC risk, while two other prospective cohort studies demonstrated no connection between 25(OH)D and HNC risk. Several studies reported cancer patients to have significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than controls. Associations between 25(OH)D and prognosis and mortality were variable.

Summary
The link between vitamin D and HNC has so far only been investigated in a few observational, prospective, and case-control studies. Vitamin D deficiency may be more common in HNC patients than in the healthy population. There is no evidence for a causal relationship. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether low 25(OH)D concentrations play a role in the development or outcome of HNCs.
Exploring customers’ likeliness to use e-service touchpoints in brick and mortar retail
Authors: Barann Benjamin , Betzing Jan H. , Niemann Marco , Hoffmeister Benedikt , Becker Jörg 
Published: November 2020

AbstractE-commerce has embraced the digital transformation and innovated with e-service touchpoints to improve customers’ experiences. Now some traditional, less-digitalized brick and mortar (BaM) retailers are starting to counteract the increasing competition by adopting digital touchpoints. However, the academic literature offers little in terms of what determines customers’ behavioral intentions toward e-service touchpoints. Therefore, drawing from the dominant design theory, this article first conceptually adapts selected dominant touchpoints of leading e-commerce solutions to BaM retail. Then 250 shoppers are surveyed regarding the likeliness that they will use the selected touchpoints, followed by an exploratory factor analysis to determine the touchpoints’ characteristics that lead to the shoppers’ assessments. The results suggest that customers prefer touchpoints that support product search and selection, provide information, and increase shopping efficiency. The likeliness that surveyed shoppers will use the touchpoints was affected by the functionality provided, the content conveyed, and the mediating device. The results provide a foundation for further research on customers’ behavioral intentions toward BaM e-service touchpoints and provide useful information for BaM retailers.
Chiridota heheva—the cosmopolitan holothurian
Authors: Thomas Elin A. , Liu Ruoyu , Amon Diva , Copley Jon T. , Glover Adrian G. , Helyar Sarah J. , Olu Karine , Wiklund Helena , Zhang Haibin , Sigwart Julia D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractChemosynthetic ecosystems have long been acknowledged as key areas of enrichment for deep-sea life, supporting hundreds of endemic species. Echinoderms are among the most common taxa inhabiting the periphery of chemosynthetic environments, and of these, chiridotid holothurians are often the most frequently observed. Yet, published records of chiridotids in these habitats are often noted only as supplemental information to larger ecological studies and several remain taxonomically unverified. This study therefore aimed to collate and review all known records attributed to Chiridota Eschscholtz, 1829, and to conduct the first phylogenetic analysis into the relationship of these chiridotid holothurians across global chemosynthetic habitats. We show that Chiridota heheva Pawson & Vance, 2004 is a globally widespread, cosmopolitan holothurian that occupies all three types of deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystem—hydrothermal vents, cold seeps and organic falls—as an organic-enrichment opportunist. Furthermore, we hypothesise that C. heheva may be synonymous with another vent-endemic chiridotid, Chiridota hydrothermica Smirnov et al., 2000, owing to the strong morphological, ecological and biogeographical parallels between the two species, and predict that any chiridotid holothurians subsequently discovered at global reducing environments will belong to this novel species complex. This study highlights the importance of understudied, peripheral taxa, such as holothurians, to provide insights to biogeography, connectivity and speciation at insular deep-sea habitats.
Familial Ties, Location of Occupation, and Congregational Exit in Geographically-Based Congregations: A Case Study of the Amish
Authors: Corcoran Katie E. , Stein Rachel E. , Colyer Corey J. , Kowalski Brittany M. 
Published: November 2020

Background While many studies have examined the relationship between social ties and joining social movements and religious groups, few studies have investigated the relationship between social ties and the likelihood of exiting such groups. Additionally, research has not considered how geography affects the membership dynamics of geographically-based congregations, specifically whether factors associated with residential mobility may also affect congregational exit in geographically-based congregations. Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how familial ties and place of employment affect congregational exit in geographically-based congregations. Drawing on social network and residential mobility research, this study hypothesizes that having parents and/or adult children in the same congregation and having minor children decreases the likelihood of congregational exit and working farther away from the congregation increases it. Methods This study draws on longitudinal archival data from one Amish congregation in the Holmes County Ohio Settlement. It tests the hypotheses using logistic regression models. Results The results show that having one's parents/adult children in the congregation and working close to the congregation are associated with a reduced likelihood of congregational exit. Having minor children in one's household is not associated with congregational exit. Conclusions and Implications This is one of the first studies to consider how geographical requirements for congregational membership has implications for congregational exit. Given the results, congregations may be able to increase member retention by creating multigenerational ministries that support extended families and by advertising in local places of employment. As occupations increasingly shift to being primarily outside the home, Amish congregations in particular may experience more member turnover and membership instability.
Sesamol Alleviates the Cytotoxic Effect of Cyclophosphamide on Normal Human Lung WI-38 Cells via Suppressing RAGE/NF-κB/Autophagy Signaling
Authors: El-Emam Soad Z. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CYL) is a chemotherapeutic medication commonly used in managing various malignancies like breast cancer or leukemia. Though, CYL has been documented to induce lung toxicity. Mechanism of CYL toxicity is through oxidative stress and the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Sesamol (SES) is a natural antioxidant isolated from Sesamum indicum and its effect against CYL-induced lung toxicity is not studied yet. This study aims to investigate whether SES could prevent any deleterious effects induced by CYL on lung using normal human lung cells, WI-38 cell line, without suppressing its efficacy. Cells were pretreated with SES and/or CYL for 24 h, then cell viability was estimated by MTS and trypan blue assays. The mode of cell death was determined by AO/EB staining. Additionally, caspase-3 level, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers were evaluated by colorimetric and ELISA techniques. qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate RAGE, NF-κB, and Beclin-1 mRNA-expression. CYL-treated WI-38 cells developed a significantly increased cell death with enhanced oxidative and RAGE/NF-κb/Autophagy signaling, which were all attenuated after pretreatment with SES. Thus, we concluded that SES offered a protective role against CYL-induced lung injury via suppressing oxidative stress and RAGE/NF-κB/Autophagy signaling, which is a natural safe therapeutic option against CYL toxicities.

Graphic Abstract
Die öffentliche Förderung des Breitbandausbaus, eine kritische Würdigung
Authors: Klein Gordon J. 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Digitalisierung als ein Querschnittsthema betrifft verschiedenste Ebenen des wirtschaftlichen und gesellschaftlichen Lebens. Es ist somit wenig überraschend, dass Politik diesen Prozess gestalten möchte. Dabei werden verschiedene Akzente durch Förderprogramme gesetzt, von denen einige beispielhaft dargestellt werden. Im besonderen Fokus dieser Arbeit steht das Bundesbreitbandförderprogramm. Hier wird zunächst die Lage bezüglich des Ausbaus aufgezeigt, eine Übersicht über heterogene Fördermaßnahmen dargelegt und dann ein normativer Eingriffsbedarf ermittelt. Es folgt eine kritische Würdigung der aktuellen Förderung, bei der dargestellt wird, dass diese sehr weitgehend ist und dabei wahrscheinlich auch dort fördert, wo es auch ohne Förderung zu einem Ausbau gekommen wäre.
Kostenloser ÖPNV: Akzeptanz in der Bevölkerung und mögliche Auswirkungen auf das Mobilitätsverhalten
Authors: Andor Mark A. , Fink Lukas , Frondel Manuel , Gerster Andreas , Horvath Marco 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDer PKW-Verkehr dominiert auch heute noch das Verkehrsaufkommen in Deutschland. Ein häufig diskutierter Vorschlag, um dies zu ändern, lautet, den Öffentlichen Personennahverkehr (ÖPNV) kostenlos anzubieten. Auf Basis einer Erhebung aus dem Jahr 2018, bei der knapp 7000 Haushaltsvorstände des forsa-Haushalts-Panels Antworten zu ihrem Mobilitätsverhalten sowie zu ihrer Einstellung gegenüber vieldiskutierten Verkehrsmaßnahmen liefern, untersucht der vorliegende Beitrag die allgemeine Zustimmung zur kostenlosen Nutzung des ÖPNV sowie die möglichen Auswirkungen dieser Maßnahme auf das Mobilitätsverhalten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine starke Befürwortung der Maßnahme: Rund 72 % der Antwortenden stimmten für die Einführung eines kostenlosen ÖPNVs. Eine mehrheitliche Zustimmung findet sich in jeder gesellschaftlichen Gruppe, gleich ob männlich oder weiblich, jung oder alt, arm oder reich, sowie in allen politischen Lagern. Nach Einführung eines kostenlosen ÖPNV in Deutschland würden die Befragten die Anzahl ihrer Fahrten mit dem ÖPNV nach eigenen Angaben durchschnittlich um ca. 230 % steigern. Wenngleich es sich um rein hypothetische Antworten handelt und die Ergebnisse daher mit einer gewissen Vorsicht betrachtet werden sollten, deuten diese auf einen relativ starken potenziellen Anstieg der ÖPNV-Nutzung hin. Abschließend diskutieren wir, warum es trotzdem nicht sinnvoll erscheint, den ÖPNV kostenlos anzubieten und welche alternativen Politiken erfolgsversprechender erscheinen.
The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on provider use of electronic hand hygiene monitoring technology
Authors: Hess Olivia C. R. , Armstrong-Novak Jo Dee , Doll Michelle , Cooper Kaila , Bailey Pamela , Godbout Emily , Stevens Michael P. , Bearman Gonzalo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe use of an electronic hand hygiene monitoring system (EHHMS) decreased due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We analyzed dispenser use, hand hygiene (HH) badge use, and HH compliance to determine the effect of COVID-19 on EHHMS use and HH compliance. HH product shortages and other pandemic-induced challenges influenced EHHMS use.
A HARMONIC SUM OVER NONTRIVIAL ZEROS OF THE RIEMANN ZETA-FUNCTION
Authors: BRENT RICHARD P. , PLATT DAVID J. , TRUDGIAN TIMOTHY S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe consider the sum

$\sum 1/\gamma $
, where

$\gamma $
ranges over the ordinates of nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta-function in an interval

$(0,T]$
, and examine its behaviour as

$T \to \infty $
. We show that, after subtracting a smooth approximation

$({1}/{4\pi }) \log ^2(T/2\pi ),$
the sum tends to a limit

$H \approx -0.0171594$
, which can be expressed as an integral. We calculate H to high accuracy, using a method which has error

$O((\log T)/T^2)$
. Our results improve on earlier results by Hassani [‘Explicit approximation of the sums over the imaginary part of the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function’, Appl. Math. E-Notes16 (2016), 109–116] and other authors.
Exploration of baseline and early changes in neurocognitive characteristics as predictors of treatment response to bupropion, sertraline, and placebo in the EMBARC clinical trial
Authors: Ang Yuen-Siang , Bruder Gerard E. , Keilp John G. , Rutherford Ashleigh , Alschuler Daniel M. , Pechtel Pia , Webb Christian A. , Carmody Thomas , Fava Maurizio , Cusin Cristina , McGrath Patrick J. , Weissman Myrna , Parsey Ramin , Oquendo Maria A. , McInnis Melvin G. , Cooper Crystal M. , Deldin Patricia , Trivedi Madhukar H. , Pizzagalli Diego A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundTreatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) is imprecise and often involves trial-and-error to determine the most effective approach. To facilitate optimal treatment selection and inform timely adjustment, the current study investigated whether neurocognitive variables could predict an antidepressant response in a treatment-specific manner.MethodsIn the two-stage Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response for Clinical Care (EMBARC) trial, outpatients with non-psychotic recurrent MDD were first randomized to an 8-week course of sertraline selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or placebo. Behavioral measures of reward responsiveness, cognitive control, verbal fluency, psychomotor, and cognitive processing speeds were collected at baseline and week 1. Treatment responders then continued on another 8-week course of the same medication, whereas non-responders to sertraline or placebo were crossed-over under double-blinded conditions to bupropion noradrenaline/dopamine reuptake inhibitor or sertraline, respectively. Hamilton Rating for Depression scores were also assessed at baseline, weeks 8, and 16.ResultsGreater improvements in psychomotor and cognitive processing speeds within the first week, as well as better pretreatment performance in these domains, were specifically associated with higher likelihood of response to placebo. Moreover, better reward responsiveness, poorer cognitive control and greater verbal fluency were associated with greater likelihood of response to bupropion in patients who previously failed to respond to sertraline.ConclusionThese exploratory results warrant further scrutiny, but demonstrate that quick and non-invasive behavioral tests may have substantial clinical value in predicting antidepressant treatment response.
Differentiating tardive dyskinesia: a video-based review of antipsychotic-induced movement disorders in clinical practice
Authors: Hauser Robert A. , Meyer Jonathan M. , Factor Stewart A. , Comella Cynthia L. , Tanner Caroline M. , Xavier Rose Mary , Caroff Stanley N. , Lundt Leslie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAccurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD) are imperative, as its symptoms can be highly disruptive to both patients and their caregivers. Misdiagnosis can lead to incorrect interventions with suboptimal or even deleterious results. To aid in the identification and differentiation of TD in the psychiatric practice setting, we review its clinical features and movement phenomenology, as well as those of other antipsychotic-induced movement disorders, with accompanying links to illustrative videos. Exposure to dopamine receptor blocking agents (DRBAs) such as antipsychotics or antiemetics is associated with a spectrum of movement disorders including TD. The differential diagnosis of TD is based on history of DRBA exposure, recent discontinuation or dose reduction of a DRBA, and movement phenomenology. Common diagnostic challenges are the abnormal behaviors and dyskinesias associated with advanced age or chronic mental illness, and other movement disorders associated with DRBA therapy, such as akathisia, parkinsonian tremor, and tremor related to use of mood stabilizing agents (eg, lithium, divalproex). Duration of exposure may help rule out acute drug-induced syndromes such as acute dystonia or acute/subacute akathisia. Another important consideration is the potential for TD to present together with other drug-induced movement disorders (eg, parkinsonism, parkinsonian tremor, and postural tremor from mood stabilizers) in the same patient, which can complicate both diagnosis and management. After documentation of the phenomenology, severity, and distribution of TD movements, treatment options should be reviewed with the patient and caregivers.
Recruitment and participation of a survey in a public–private primary care setting: experience from the QUALICOPC Malaysia
Authors: Husin Masliyana , Ab Rahman Norazida , Wong Xin Ci , Mohamad Noh Kamaliah , Tong Seng Fah , Schäfer Willemijn , Boerma Wienke , Atun Rifat , Sivasampu Sheamini 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Aim:
The purpose of this paper is to describe the recruitment strategies, the response rates and the reasons for non-response of Malaysian public and private primary care doctors in an international survey on the quality, cost and equity in primary care.

Background:
Low research participation by primary care doctors, especially those working in the private sector, is a challenge to quality benchmarking.

Methods:
Primary care doctors were sampled through multi-stage sampling. The first stage-sampling unit was the primary care clinics, which were randomly sampled from five states in Malaysia to reflect their proportions in two strata – sector (public/private) and location (urban/rural). Strategies through endorsement, personalised invitation, face-to-face interview and non-monetary incentives were used to recruit public and private doctors. Data collection was carried out by fieldworkers through structured questionnaires.

Findings:
A total of 221 public and 239 private doctors participated in the study. Among the public doctors, 99.5% response rates were obtained. Among the private doctors, a 32.8% response rate was obtained. Totally, 30% of private clinics were uncontactable by telephone, and when these were excluded, the overall response rate is 46.8%. The response rate of the private clinics across the states ranges from 31.5% to 34.0%. A total of 167 answered the non-respondent questionnaire. Among the non-respondents, 77.4 % were male and 22.6% female (P = 0.011). There were 33.6% of doctors older than 65 years (P = 0.003) and 15.9% were from the state of Sarawak (P = 0.016) when compared to non-respondents. Reason for non-participation included being too busy (51.8%), not interested (32.9%), not having enough patients (9.1%) and did not find it beneficial (7.9%). Our study demonstrated the feasibility of obtaining favourable response rate in a survey involving doctors from public and private primary care settings
National identity between democracy and autocracy: a comparative analysis of 24 countries
Authors: Erhardt Julian , Wamsler Steffen , Freitag Markus 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecognizing democratic backsliding and increasing support for authoritarianism, research on public preferences for democracy and its authoritarian alternatives has gained traction. Moving beyond the extant focus on economic determinants, our analysis examines the effect of national identity, demonstrating that it is a double-edged sword for regime preferences. Using recent European Values Survey data on 24 European countries from 2017 to 2018, we show that civic national identity is associated with a higher support for democracy and lower support for authoritarian regimes, whereas the reverse holds for ethnic identities. Further, economic hardship moderates these relationships: it strengthens both the negative effect of ethnic national identities and, to some extent, the positive effect of civic national identities on democracy supportvis-à-visauthoritarian alternatives. This has important implications for the survival of democracy in times of crises and the study of a cultural backlash, since social identity matters substantively for individuals’ responses to economic hardship.
Naa20, the catalytic subunit of NatB complex, contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating the LKB1–AMPK–mTOR axis
Authors: Jung Taek-Yeol , Ryu Jae-Eun , Jang Mi-Mi , Lee Soh-Yeon , Jin Gyu-Rin , Kim Chan-Woo , Lee Chae-Young , Kim Hyelee , Kim EungHan , Park Sera , Lee Seonjeong , Lee Cheolju , Kim Wankyu , Kim TaeSoo , Lee Soo-Young , Ju Bong-Gun , Kim Hyun-Seok 
Published: November 2020

AbstractN-α-acetyltransferase 20 (Naa20), which is a catalytic subunit of the N-terminal acetyltransferase B (NatB) complex, has recently been reported to be implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and autophagy, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that based on bioinformatic analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas data sets, Naa20 expression is much higher in HCC tumors than in normal tissues, promoting oncogenic properties in HCC cells. Mechanistically, Naa20 inhibits the activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to promote the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway, which contributes to cell proliferation, as well as autophagy, through its N-terminal acetyltransferase (NAT) activity. We further show that liver kinase B1 (LKB1), a major regulator of AMPK activity, can be N-terminally acetylated by NatB in vitro, but also probably by NatB and/or other members of the NAT family in vivo, which may have a negative effect on AMPK activity through downregulation of LKB1 phosphorylation at S428. Indeed, p-LKB1 (S428) and p-AMPK levels are enhanced in Naa20-deficient cells, as well as in cells expressing the nonacetylated LKB1-MPE mutant; moreover, importantly, LKB1 deficiency reverses the molecular and cellular events driven by Naa20 knockdown. Taken together, our findings suggest that N-terminal acetylation of LKB1 by Naa20 may inhibit the LKB1–AMPK signaling pathway, which contributes to tumorigenesis and autophagy in HCC.