bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leading for social change: Waste management in the place of social (ir)responsibility
Authors: Esposito Paolo , Ricci Paolo , Sancino Alessandro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhat leadership practices can be enacted in contexts of public values failure and with low social capital to enact positive social change? This article studies public management and leadership dynamics in the “Land of Fires” (Italy), a place where waste management has historically been affected by mafia infiltration. Our research is based on a multi‐site single case study strategy with qualitative data obtained from semi‐structured interviews with several key stakeholders, including public and business managers, civil society leaders, local journalists, local politicians, regional and national politicians, and citizens in their role as co‐producers of public services. From a theoretical point of view, our findings contribute to the literature on both place leadership and collaborative governance. From a practical point of view, we shed light on the importance of four interrelated leadership practices to be enacted by public managers and civic leaders to promote positive social change: (a) to recognize and call into existence different publics; (b) to mobilize political leadership; (c) to obtain media salience; and (d) to develop institutional opportunities for enabling agonistic civic capacity.
AI hardware oriented neural network physical unclonable function and its evaluation
Authors: Nozaki Yusuke , Shibagaki Kazuya , Takemoto Shu , Yoshikawa Masaya 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAI techniques are required for realizing society 5.0. For the issues of societal implementation for AI, an AI hardware, which is enhanced security performances including authentication, and so on, is needed in order to reduce security risks. This study proposes a new physical unclonable function (PUF) based on neural network (NN) called NN PUF. The proposed NN PUF uses a difference of calculation time in NN due to production variations of semiconductor. Evaluation experiments using a field programmable gate array (FPGA) prove the effectiveness of the proposed NN PUF.
Development of Apple Tissue Based Biocathode and MWCNT−Pt−Au Nanomaterial Based Bioanode Biofuel Cell
Authors: Almunla Moustafa , Tepeli Büyüksünetçi Yudum , Akpolat Oğuz , Anık Ülkü 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA biofuel cell (BFC) was fabricated by combining multiwalled carbon nanotube ‐platinum‐gold (MWCNT−Pt−Au) hybrid nanomaterial, glucose oxidase (GOx) and benzoquinone included carbon felt electrode (CFE) bioanode with apple tissue included CFE biocathode. The working parameters of bioanode were optimized both experimentally and chemometrically. For the biocathode, apple, banana and pear tissues were tried and best power output was obtained with apple tissue. By combining MWCNT−Pt−Au/GOx/CFE bioanode with apple tissue based biocathode, single cell, double cell with membrane and with salt‐bridge BFCs were formed. The best power output with highest current density were obtained with single cell BFC.
A 2D beam‐column joint macro‐element for the nonlinear analysis of RC frames
Authors: Pantò Bartolomeo , Caddemi Salvatore , Caliò Ivo , Spacone Enrico 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent earthquakes have shown that the seismic behavior of noncode‐conforming reinforced concrete buildings are in several cases strongly affected by the nonlinear response and possible failure of the beam‐column joints. Beam‐column joint inelasticity is typically due to either shear cracking and failure of the central concrete panel or bond‐slip of the longitudinal steel bars. This paper proposes a new Joint with Hinges macro‐element capable of simulating the most important sources of nonlinearities in the joints. It consists of a quadrilateral central panel whose rigid edges are connected to the beams’ and columns’ end nodes through nonlinear finite‐length interfaces that represent the plastic hinge zones. The central panel deforms in shear only. The joint macro‐element accounts for the nonlinear shear response of the central panel, for the bond‐slip of the longitudinal rebars crossing the joint and for the nonlinear shear and flexural behavior of the plastic hinge zones of the beams and columns connected to the joint. The resulting model of the reinforced concrete frame is the assembly of nonlinear Joint with Hinges macro‐elements connected by elastic frame elements. The proposed formulation is applied in this paper to plane frames. Validation studies with results from available experimental tests on beam‐column joint subassemblages show the proposed model capability to predict the hysteretic responses and the failure mechanisms of connections with unreinforced joints and different beam reinforcement ratios.
Optimizing wheat production and reducing environmental impacts through scientist–farmer engagement: Lessons from the North China Plain
Authors: Jiang Wei , Zhu Annah , Wang Chong , Zhang Fusuo , Jiao Xiaoqiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractProducing high economic benefits and high grain yields with limited environmental impacts is crucial for feeding the world's growing population. Yet it remains challenging to improve the performance of one objective without creating unintended consequences for other objectives. This is especially difficult for smallholders navigating a diverse array of environmental and personal demands. This study demonstrates how combining participatory research through the Science and Technology Backyards (STB) approach with Pareto‐based ranking modeling can increase smallholder production while also reducing environmental impact. Through an intensive farmer survey in a 1 × 1 km grid in Quzhou County, we demonstrate that farmers engaged in STBs performed better according to multiple objectives (i.e., optimizing overall grain yield, benefit‐cost ratio, and GHG emissions, without compromising any one of these objectives) than farmer's not engaged in STBs. Moreover, we used a Pareto optimization approach (OPT) to determine the optimal smallholder scenario. We found that under OPT, grain yield could reach 9.5 t/ha, with a benefit‐cost ratio of 2.1, a 100% N recovery efficiency, and 7,395 kg CO2eq ha−1 GHG emissions. With OPT as a final goal, our research team worked with STB farmers to improve economic and environmental outcomes without compromising yield. Our findings demonstrate that no significant difference was obtained between farmers engaged in STBs and these under OPT. Compared with non‐STB farmers, STB farmers’ grain yield improved by 18%, benefit‐cost ratio improved by 26% due to improved N recovery efficiency, and GHG emissions were reduced by 31%. These improvements demonstrate the power of scientist–farmer engagement for optimizing wheat production. Such engagement allows farmers to modify their agronomic practices to more closely match Pareto optimal conditions, thus improving environmental and economic benefits without compromising yield. Our results provide solid evidence of the potential for sustainable wheat production by combining modeling with participatory research.
Effect of the ethanolic extract and essential oil of Ferulago angulata (Schlecht.) Boiss. on protein, physicochemical, sensory, and microbial characteristics of probiotic yogurt during storage time
Authors: Keshavarzi Mahshid , Sharifan Anousheh , Yasini Ardakani Seyed Ali 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe use of functional food, such as probiotic products, is important due to their health benefits against various diseases. Phenolic and aromatic compounds originating from medical plants can contribute to the growth of probiotic bacteria.MethodsThe ethanolic extract (0.2% and 0.4%) and essential oil (0.01% and 0.03%) of Ferulago angulata (FAEE and FAEO, respectively) were added to probiotic yogurt (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum bacteria) to investigate their effects on the survival of probiotic bacteria during storage time (21 days) and assess its physicochemical, protein, and organoleptic properties.ResultsUpon increasing the concentration of FAEE and FAEO, the value of total phenol content, acidity, viscosity, and water absorption of yogurt treatments increased, and the pH, syneresis, and solubility of treatments showed a decreasing trend (p < .05). Also, adding 0.01% FAEO and 0.2% FAEE improved the organoleptic properties of yogurt (p < .05) compared to the control treatment. The survivability of the investigated probiotic bacteria demonstrated a decreased trend during storage in all treatments, but at the end of the study, the number of both probiotic bacteria in all treatments was significantly higher than that of the control samples.ConclusionBased on the results of protein, physicochemical, microbial, and sensory tests of herbal probiotic yogurts, the addition of 0.03% essential oil is the best way to realize the goals of the research.
Electricity Production in a Two Chamber Microbial Fuel Cell with Bioanodes and Biocathodes Catalyzed with Gold
Authors: Nájera M. C. , Verea L. , Lastres O. , Mejía‐López M. , Hernández‐Romano J. , Sebastian P. J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis work presents the study of different electrical potentials applied to a carbon cloth material to develop biofilms for their application as bioelectrodes in a microbial fuel cell (MFC). The principal aim of this work was to develop bioanodes and biocathodes for their simultaneous operation in a MFC. The potentials applied were 0.1 V, 0.4 V, and –0.42 V vs. Ag/AgCl KCl reference electrode. Also, electrodes were studied, where a positive potential was applied and gold as the catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was used. The bioelectrodes were characterized with the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique and the results determined the application of the bioelectrodes as bioanode or biocathode in the MFC. The biofilms formed were observed with the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique, and also a new type of electroactive bacteria (Sphingomonas paucimobilis) for biocathodes was identified with a molecular technique. The bioelectrodes developed were tested in a MFC and a maximum power density of 0.585 W m−2 was obtained.
Does commuting mode choice impact health?
Authors: Jacob Nikita , Munford Luke , Rice Nigel , Roberts Jennifer 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGovernments around the world are encouraging people to switch away from sedentary modes of travel towards more active modes, including walking and cycling. The aim of these schemes is to improve population health and to reduce emissions. There is considerable evidence on the latter, but relatively little on the former. This paper investigates the impact of mode choice on physical and mental health. Using data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study, we exploit changes in mode of commute to identify health outcome responses. Individuals who change modes are matched with those whose mode remains constant. Overall we find that mode switches affect both physical and mental health. When switching from car to active travel we see an increase in physical health for women and in mental health for both genders. In contrast, both men and women who switch from active travel to car are shown to experience a significant reduction in their physical health and health satisfaction, and a decline in their mental health when they change from active to public transport.
Analysing spillover between returns and volatility series of oil across major stock markets
Authors: Tiwari Aviral Kumar , Nasreen Samia , Ullah Subhan , Shahbaz Muhammad 
Published: November 2020

AbstractApplying recently developed Diebold and Yilmaz (2012) spillover index, this paper investigates the oil–stocks returns and volatility connectedness with weekly data between January 14, 2000 and March 31, 2017. For the purpose of robustness, we have both used WTI and Brent oil prices. Sensitivity of overall spilover index is also examined using different lag‐structures and different forecast horizons. The empirical results are qualitatively similar either when WTI or Brent oil prices are used to examine the spillover amongst series under consideration. Specifically, the spillover index value for WTI and Brent, respectively, is 71.60 and 72.32%. We show that total spillover connectedness, as measured by a rolling‐window approach, has dynamic and volatile characteristics in returns and volatility series across major markets. Last but not least, we find from the net spillover analysis that NYK, SPTSX, IBOV, MICEX, SENSEX, Shanghai, TOP40 and WTI stock markets are net receiver of return spillover, whereas SPX, DAX, UKX, FTSEMIB and CAC40 are the net contributors.
A developing country's commercial banking risk governance disclosures: Post‐financial crisis
Authors: Weekes‐Marshall Diana 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRisk governance disclosures (RGDs) provide users with valuable information and greater corporate insights about the management, oversight and strategic direction of the organisation. However, insufficient research has been conducted in this area. RGDs reduce information asymmetry and increase transparency. This study examines the level of RGDs in the commercial banks (CBs) of a developing country where most RGDs are voluntary and made at management's discretion. The study adopted a quantitative, multi‐method approach. RGDs for two publicly listed CBs in Barbados were analysed over 10 years (2007–2016) using a risk governance disclosure index (RGDI). Correlations were also used to determine if a relationship existed between the disclosures and performance. Disclosures were found to be general and non‐standardized. Company‐specific disclosures were infrequent, and annual disclosures were repetitive and symbolic. No significant relationships were discovered between corporate governance disclosures and performance. However, but bank performance indicators were found to be positively related to risk disclosures. A limitation of the study is that only two of the six CBs reported in a manner suitable for this study. Hence, reducing the number of observations. This was overcome through the use of a longitudinal approach which allowed for improved understanding of RG reporting practices in this sector. The results provide valuable insights which supplement the existing literature. They also provide pertinent information for standard‐setters, regulators and preparers of the reports. The study contributes to the existing literature in that it examines the disclosure behaviours of CBs in a non‐traditional governance model in an economy with limited research.
Combating silver nanoparticle‐mediated toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster with curcumin
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Raj Akanksha , Padmanabhan Aishwarya , Shah Prasanna , Agrawal Namita 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNanoscale materials display unique physical and chemical properties that enable their assimilation into a variety of industrial and consumer products. Amongst the widely used nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained tremendous recognition for various applications, owing to their extraordinary plasmonic and bactericidal properties. Despite of the extensive usage of AgNPs in various sectors, its impact on human health remains ambiguous. Several studies have established that higher doses of AgNPs are detrimental to organismal health. In order to attain the best from these versatile nanoparticles, a recent advent of green nanotechnology, that is, employment of metal nanoparticles synthesized using plant extracts, has emerged. Here, using Drosophila as a model system, we tested if adding curcumin, a biologically active polyphenolic compound present in turmeric, having multitudes of therapeutic properties, could mitigate AgNP‐mediated biotoxicity. We found that co‐administration of AgNPs with curcumin in the fly food could alleviate several harmful effects evoked by AgNPs ingestion in Drosophila model. Addition of curcumin superseded reduction in feeding, pupation, eclosion, pigmentation, and fertility caused by AgNPs ingestion. Interestingly, impairment in ovary development observed in flies reared on AgNPs‐supplemented food was also partially restored by co‐administration of AgNPs with curcumin. Furthermore, substantial alleviation of reactive oxygen species level and cell death was observed in larval tissues upon co‐supplementation of AgNPs with curcumin. We therefore propose that curcumin, when administered with AgNPs, can abrogate the toxic manifestations of AgNPs ingestion and hence can be incorporated in various consumer products encompassing it.
High performance global exploration of isomers and isomerization channels on quantum chemical potential energy surface of H5C2NO2
Authors: Ohno Koichi , Kishimoto Naoki , Iwamoto Takeaki , Satoh Hiroko , Watanabe Hiromasa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHigh performance global exploration of isomers and isomerization channels on the quantum chemical potential energy surface (PES) is performed for H5C2NO2 by using the scaled hypersphere search‐anharmonic downward distortion following (SHS‐ADDF) method. A multi‐node operation, NeoGRRM, has achieved high performance exploration calculations for the large system by submitting SHS‐ADDF sub‐jobs into many cores in parallel and unifying the results of sub‐jobs into the total lists of the main‐job. Global exploration of equilibrium (EQ) and transition‐state structures at the level of B3LYP/6‐31G(d) gave 3210 EQs and 23278 TSs. Nine compounds were found in the low energy regions of 0–100 kJ/mol; the lowest energy compound is N‐methylcarbamic acid, the second is methyl carbamate, and the third is glycine (the most fundamental amino acid). Interconversion pathways between the conformers of each of the low energy compounds were surveyed. Isomerization channels around glycine were explored in detail. The lowest energy barriers around some of the EQs turned to be negative after zero‐point energy corrections. This indicates that those structures cannot exist as independent structures because they spontaneously collapse into more stable structures. The global PES search showed various interesting dissociating channels which indicate synthon reaction pathways in the reverse directions.
Emerging roles of AATF: Checkpoint signaling and beyond
Authors: Srinivas Akshatha N. , Suresh Diwakar , Mirshahi Faridoddin , Santhekadur Prasanna K. , Sanyal Arun J. , Kumar Divya P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractApoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF), an interacting partner of RNA polymerase II is a multifunctional protein that is highly conserved in eukaryotes. In addition to the regulation of gene expression as a transcriptional coactivator, AATF is shown to play a dual role in regulating the cell cycle by displacing histone deacetylases 1 (HDAC1) from the retinoblastoma‐E2F transcription factor (Rb‐E2F) complex and also from the specificity protein 1 (Sp1) transcription factor responsible for p21 expression, thereby ensuring cell proliferation and growth arrest, respectively, at different checkpoints of the cell cycle. Notably, AATF has emerged as one of the most important modulators of various cellular responses such as proliferation, apoptosis, and survival. Studies have demonstrated that AATF protects cells from multiple stress stimuli such as DNA damage, ER stress, hypoxia, or glucose deprivation by inducing cell cycle arrest, autophagy, or apoptosis inhibition. Furthermore, AATF serves as a critical regulator in various cancers and promotes tumorigenesis by protecting cancer cells from apoptosis induction, favoring cell proliferation, or promoting cell survival by autophagy. Recent studies have demonstrated the key role of AATF in ribosome biosynthesis and have also provided insights into the mechanistic role of AATF, offering impressive cytoprotection in myocardial infarction, neurologic diseases, and nephronophthisis. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the role of AATF and shed light on its emerging roles underlining the potential use of AATF as a novel biomarker and as an effective therapeutic target.
Tree‐ring reconstructed diurnal temperature range on the eastern Tibetan plateau and its linkage to El Niño‐Southern Oscillation
Authors: Tao Qin , Zhang Qi‐Bin , Chen Xing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe decreasing trend in diurnal temperature range (DTR) since the 1950s has been widely observed in many regions of the world, including the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, scarce instrumental records on the TP before the 1950s limit the understanding of DTR variation on a longer timescale, and its internal forcing mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we present two regional records of May–June DTR since 1753 reconstructed from tree rings on the northeastern TP (NETP) and southeastern TP (SETP), respectively. The decreasing trend in DTR in the second half of the twentieth century also occurred in the time earlier than the 1950s, indicating that the reduction in DTR is not unique to global warming. Spatially, both the instrumental and reconstructed DTR show different modes on the NETP and SETP. Composite analysis and superposed epoch analysis reveal the linkage between El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the DTR on the SETP. La Niña (El Niño) winters are generally followed by the stronger (weaker) early Indian summer monsoon so that may lead to the decrease (increase) in May–June DTR. The positive correlation between Niño 3.4 index and the DTR on the SETP over the past two and a half centuries is accompanied by a stable response of the decreased DTR to La Niña events. These results suggest that ENSO is a crucial driver for the DTR variation on the SETP through oceanic‐atmospheric modulation.
Spectroscopic investigation of Cappadocia proto‐Byzantine paintings
Authors: Sbroscia Marco , Pelosi Claudia , Agresti Giorgia , Paolucci Alessio , Pogliani Paola , Ruggiero Ludovica , Sodo Armida 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present contribution focuses the attention on the mural paintings of two among the oldest Cappadocia churches, belonging to the group of “proto‐Byzantine paintings.” These materials have never been extensively investigated before and represent a starting point of paramount importance to understand the evolution of both materials and techniques during the ages in this extraordinary region of central Turkey. Specifically, among the several investigated churches and after the synergic work of art historians, conservators, and scientists, we selected the church of St. John the Baptist at Çavuşin, whose architectural structure is dated back to fifth–sixth century, and Church nr. 5 (Süslü church, sixth–ninth century) in Güllü Dere. A limited but exhaustive number of samples was carefully selected and then collected during the on‐site campaign in Cappadocia. Samples were investigated with a multianalytical approach by using cross‐section examination, X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR), and micro‐Raman spectroscopy to characterize materials, execution technique, and conservation state. The wall paintings in the church of St. John the Baptist are characterized by the presence of superimposed or adjacent layers ascribable to different historical periods, as it occurs in many of the Cappadocia churches. Their discrimination has been based on the mortar/ground layer. Pigments have been successfully identified and are mainly based on iron earths and ochres; the presence of gypsum and anhydrite, oxalates, and organic materials have been highlighted on the surface, thus suggesting alteration processes. The church nr. 5 at Güllü Dere shows a unique pictorial phase. Pigments are applied on a gypsum based ground layer and exhibit alteration patterns being made of lead based compounds, such as lead oxides and carbonates. A peculiarity of this church is the presence of anatase, detected in correspondence of red and yellow areas of the samples.