bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lower trapezius myocutaneous flap repairs adjacent deep electrical burn wounds
Authors: Meng Chengying , Liu Yuyao , Wang Huan , Sun Youjun , Lu Shiping , Zhou Yan , Hu Jiayan , Yu Youxin , Fang Linsen , Sun Yexiang , Hu Delin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Local tissue damage caused by electrical burns is often deep and severe. High-voltage electrical burns are common in the head, neck and torso areas. These are mostly caused by direct contact with the power supply and are often accompanied by deep injuries of the nerve, blood vessel, muscle, tendon, and bone. We must pay great attention to the clinical treatment of these parts injured by electrical burn.

Case presentation
The first case involved a migrant worker who touched a 6-kV high-tension wire when welding steel; this electric shock caused burns in many places. Deep electrical burn wounds were mainly located on the left shoulder and back, characterized by widespread skin and soft tissue defect and bone necrosis. We utilized a lower trapezius myocutaneous flap to repair these wounds in the neck and back caused by deep electrical burns. The flap survived completely and the wound was effectively repaired. The function and shape of the shoulder and back after the restoration were satisfactory. The second case involved a 29-year-old who accidentally touched a high-voltage wire while working and was burned by a 30,000-V electric shock. His wounds were mainly located on the left head, neck, back and left upper limbs. We designed a 30 cm × 12 cm right trapezius myocutaneous flap which completely covered the wound surface; the electrical burn wounds on the neck and back were effectively repaired. After the electrical burn wound was repaired, the neck function returned to normal with a satisfactory shape.

Conclusion
The authors report two cases of patients who were burned by high voltage. We used lower trapezius myocutaneous flaps to repair their wounds, which achieved satisfactory clinical results. This study has provided a reliable surgical method for the clinical treatment of deep electrical burn wounds in the neck, shoulders and back.
Multi-omics-data-assisted genomic feature markers preselection improves the accuracy of genomic prediction
Authors: Ye Shaopan , Li Jiaqi , Zhang Zhe 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPresently, multi-omics data (e.g., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) are available to improve genomic predictors. Omics data not only offers new data layers for genomic prediction but also provides a bridge between organismal phenotypes and genome variation that cannot be readily captured at the genome sequence level. Therefore, using multi-omics data to select feature markers is a feasible strategy to improve the accuracy of genomic prediction. In this study, simultaneously using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and gene expression level data, four strategies for single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) preselection were investigated for genomic predictions in theDrosophilaGenetic Reference Panel.ResultsUsing genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) with complete WGS data, the prediction accuracies were 0.208 ± 0.020 (0.181 ± 0.022) for the startle response and 0.272 ± 0.017 (0.307 ± 0.015) for starvation resistance in the female (male) lines. Compared with GBLUP using complete WGS data, both GBLUP and the genomic feature BLUP (GFBLUP) did not improve the prediction accuracy using SNPs preselected from complete WGS data based on the results of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) or transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs). Furthermore, by using SNPs preselected from the WGS data based on the results of the expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping of all genes, only the startle response had greater accuracy than GBLUP with the complete WGS data. The best accuracy values in the female and male lines were 0.243 ± 0.020 and 0.220 ± 0.022, respectively. Importantly, by using SNPs preselected based on the results of the eQTL mapping of significant genes from TWAS, both GBLUP and GFBLUP resulted in great accuracy and small bias of genomic prediction. Compared with the GBLUP using complete WGS data, the best accuracy values represented increases of 60.66% and 39.09% for the starvation resistance and 27.40% and 35.36% for startle response in the female and male lines, respectively.ConclusionsOverall, multi-omics data can assist genomic feature preselection and improve the performance of genomic prediction. The new knowledge gained from this study will enrich the use of multi-omics in genomic prediction.
The legal sustainability of energy substitution in Nigeria’s electric power sector: renewable energy as alternative
Authors: Olujobi Olusola Joshua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNon-renewable fuel sources have been the predominant energy sources and a significant source of foreign exchange income for Nigeria, while at the same time there is a severe problem of electricity inconsistency and persistent power blackouts in Nigeria. The research aims to end the concern for deficient energy use, and to encourage energy efficiency and sustainability. Nigeria has not maximized the advantages of renewable energy after the denationalisation of its electricity industry despite the current transformation in the power industry and the rising demand for renewable energy supply. The research adopts a doctrinal legal approach with a library-based legal research technique with a comparative legal method. It reveals that the absence of a comprehensible legal regime with encouragement for the use of renewable energy is the fundamental element causing the slow utilization of renewable energy as a substitute source of energy in Nigeria. It is suggested that, among other reforms, there is a need for a comprehensible legal regime on renewable energy and the encouragement of strict implementation of energy regulatory strategies and policies with incentives for the application of renewable energy sources in Nigeria.
Sensitivity and mathematical model analysis on secondhand smoking tobacco
Authors: Fekede Birliew , Mebrate Benyam 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we are concerned with a mathematical model of secondhand smoker. The model is biologically meaningful and mathematically well posed. The reproductive number $$R_{0}$$

R
0

is determined from the model, and it measures the average number of secondary cases generated by a single primary case in a fully susceptible population. If $$R_{0}<1,$$

R
0

<
1
,

the smoking-free equilibrium point is stable, and if $$R_{0}>1,$$

R
0

>
1
,

endemic equilibrium point is unstable. We also provide numerical simulation to show stability of equilibrium points. In addition, sensitivity analysis of parameters involving in the dynamic system of the proposed model has been included. The parameters involving in reproductive number measure the relative change in $$R_{0}$$

R
0

when the value of the parameter changes.
Spectrum of HRCT findings among asymptomatic and recovered COVID-19 patients: how did they impact the clinical decision?
Authors: Samir Ahmed , Abdelgawad Mohamed Saied , Baess Ayman Ibrahim , Hassan Hebatallah Hassan Mamdouh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Decisions about asymptomatic COVID-19 patients are always critical, either during initial screening or during recovery. Spread of infection will be inevitable if those patients were left non-isolated. This study aimed not only to survey spectrum of HRCT findings of COVID-19 among asymptomatic and recovered patients but also to record unexpected results and document their impact upon the clinical decision.

Results
The study was retrospectively conducted, during June and July 2020, on 120 patients proved with COVID-19, during initial HRCT screening or delayed following announcement of recovery. All patients were completely asymptomatic. They included 72 males and 48 females (60%:40%). Their age ranged from 10 to 58 years (mean 35.95 ± 12.25 SD). HRCT was analyzed by three expert consultant radiologists in consensus. Among asymptomatic initially screened COVID-19 patients, additional to GGOs, bilateral consolidative changes were unexpectedly found together with secondary fibrosis (23.3% and 10%). HRCT results significantly impacted the clinical decision (P < 0.0001); PCR had to be repeated with home isolation (43.3%). Infected health care providers had to stop their duty immediately (20%). Isolated hospitalization replaced routine ward admission (25%). Cautious surgical interference was performed using full personal protective equipment (PPE) (8.3%). Among asymptomatic recovered COVID-19 patients, unexpected large lesions (> 3 cm) were found (70%). Near 50% of lung volume was persistently affected (10%). Secondary fibrosis was striking (33%). Encysted hydro-pneumothorax persisted for a whole month (1.7%). “No-isolation” decision remained unchanged because of clinical and laboratory stability; however, steroids were prescribed to speed lung recovery.

Conclusion
HRCT findings among asymptomatic and recovered COVID-19 patients can be unexpected and can definitely impact the clinical decision.
Mitochondria control mTORC1 activity-linked compartmentalization of eIF4E to regulate extracellular export of microRNAs
Authors: Chatterjee Susanta , Chakrabarty Yogaditya , Banerjee Saikat , Ghosh Souvik , Bhattacharyya Suvendra N. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Defective intracellular trafficking and export of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been observed in growth-retarded mammalian cells having impaired mitochondrial potential and dynamics. Here, we found that uncoupling protein 2 (Ucp2)-mediated depolarization of mitochondrial membrane also results in progressive sequestration of miRNAs within polysomes and lowers their release via extracellular vesicles. Interestingly, the impaired miRNA-trafficking process in growth-retarded human cells could be reversed in the presence of Genipin, an inhibitor of Ucp2. Mitochondrial detethering of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), observed in cells with depolarized mitochondria, was found to be responsible for defective compartmentalization of translation initiation factor eIF4E to polysomes attached to ER. This caused a retarded translation process accompanied by enhanced retention of miRNAs and target mRNAs within ER-attached polysomes to restrict extracellular export of miRNAs. Reduced compartment-specific activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), the master regulator of protein synthesis, in cells with defective mitochondria or detethered ER, caused reduced phosphorylation of eIF4E-BP1 and prevented eIF4E targeting to ER-attached polysomes and miRNA export. These data suggest how mitochondrial membrane potential and dynamics, by affecting mTORC1 activity and compartmentalization, determine the subcellular localization and export of miRNAs.
ESCRT recruitment by the S. cerevisiae inner nuclear membrane protein Heh1 is regulated by Hub1-mediated alternative splicing
Authors: Capella Matías , Martín Caballero Lucía , Pfander Boris , Braun Sigurd , Jentsch Stefan 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Misassembled nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are removed by sealing off the surrounding nuclear envelope (NE), which is conducted by the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) machinery. Recruitment of ESCRT proteins to the NE is mediated by the interaction between the ESCRT member Chm7 and the inner nuclear membrane protein Heh1, which belongs to the conserved LEM family. Increased ESCRT recruitment results in excessive membrane scission at damage sites but its regulation remains poorly understood. Here, we show that Hub1-mediated alternative splicing of HEH1 pre-mRNA, resulting in production of its shorter form Heh1-S, is critical for the integrity of the NE in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ESCRT-III mutants lacking Hub1 or Heh1-S display severe growth defects and accumulate improperly assembled NPCs. This depends on the interaction of Chm7 with the conserved MSC domain, which is only present in the longer variant Heh1-L. Heh1 variants assemble into heterodimers, and we demonstrate that a unique splice segment in Heh1-S suppresses growth defects associated with the uncontrolled interaction between Heh1-L and Chm7. Together, our findings reveal that Hub1-mediated splicing generates Heh1-S to regulate ESCRT recruitment to the NE.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Using citation tracking for systematic literature searching - study protocol for a scoping review of methodological studies and an expert survey
Authors: Hirt Julian , Nordhausen Thomas , Appenzeller-Herzog Christian , Ewald Hannah 
Published: December 2020

Background: Up-to-date guidance on comprehensive study identification for systematic reviews is crucial. According to current recommendations, systematic searching should combine electronic database searching with supplementary search methods. One such supplementary search method is citation tracking. It aims at collecting directly and/or indirectly cited and citing references from "seed references”. Tailored and evidence-guided recommendations concerning the use of citation tracking are strongly needed. Objective: We intend to develop recommendations for the use of citation tracking in health-related systematic literature searching. Our study will be guided by the following research questions: What are the benefits of citation tracking for health-related systematic literature searching? Which perspectives and experiences do experts in the field of literature retrieval methods have with regard to citation tracking in health-related systematic literature searching? Methods: Our study will have two parts: a scoping review and an expert survey. The scoping review aims at identifying methodological studies on benefits or problems of citation tracking in health-related systematic literature searching with no restrictions on study design, language, and publication date. We will perform database searching in MEDLINE, The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science Core Collection, two information science databases, and free web searching. Two reviewers will independently assess full texts of selected abstracts. We will conduct direct backward and forward citation tracking on included articles. The results of the scoping review will inform our expert survey through which we aim to learn about experts΄ perspectives and experiences. We will narratively synthesize the results and derive recommendations for performing health-related systematic reviews.
Effective dose of radiation per screw in surgery of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Matched pair analysis of 293 pedicle screws inserted using three different techniques
Authors: Konieczny Markus Rafael , Boos Johannes , Steuwe Andrea , Schleich Christoph , Prost Max , Krauspe Rüdiger 
Published: December 2020

Purpose Reports on heterogenous groups of patients have indicated that pedicle screw insertion guided by navigation (PIN) leads to, for the patient, higher doses of radiation compared with pedicle screw insertion guided by fluoroscopy (PIF). This would be a major concern, especially in paediatric deformity correction. Methods After a power analysis (aiming at > 0.8) 293 pedicle screws which were inserted in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were analyzed by comparing effective dose and fluoroscopy time per screw for three different techniques. Groups 2 and 3 were matched to Group 1 by Lenke type of scoliosis. Group 1 were prospectively enrolled consecutive patients that have been operated on by PIN with image acquisition by preoperative CT scan (CTS). Group 2 were consecutive retrospectively matched patients who have been operated on by PIN with image acquisition by an intraoperative 3D scan (3DS). Group 3 were consecutive retrospectively matched patients who have been operated on by PIF. Results Mean dose of radiation per screw was 1.0 mSv (sd 0.8) per screw in CTS patients, 0.025 mSv (sd 0.001) per screw in 3DS patients and 0.781 mSv (sd 0.12) per screw in PIF patients. The difference was significant (p < 0.0001). Conclusion When we compared different techniques of navigation, navigation by image acquisition with CTS showed a significantly higher (by 97.5%) dose of radiation per screw for the patient than navigation by image acquisition by a 3DS. Navigation by 3DS showed significantly lower effective dose per screw for the adolescent patients than the fluoroscopic technique. Level of Evidence II
All-fiber single-cavity dual-comb for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy based on spectral focusing
Authors: Qin Yukun , Cromey Benjamin , Batjargal Orkhongua , Kieu Khanh 
Published: December 2020

We report an all-fiber free-running bidirectional dual-comb laser system for coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectroscopy based on spectral focusing. The mode-locked oscillator is a bidirectional ring-cavity erbium fiber laser running at a repetition rate of

∼

114

M
H
z

. One output of the bidirectional laser is wavelength-shifted from 1560 to 1060 nm via supercontinuum generation for use as the pump source. We have been able to record the Raman spectra of various samples such as polystyrene, olive oil, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and polyethylene in the C–H stretching window. We believe that this all-fiber laser design has promising potential for coherent Raman spectroscopy and also label-free imaging for a variety of practical applications.
Reduction of in-hospital cardiac arrest with sequential deployment of rapid response team and medical emergency team to the emergency department and acute care wards
Authors: Mankidy Babith , Howard Christopher , Morgan Christopher K. , Valluri Kartik A. , Giacomino Bria , Marfil Eddie , Voore Prakruthi , Ababio Yao , Razjouyan Javad , Naik Aanand D. , Herlihy James P. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis study aimed to determine if sequential deployment of a nurse-led Rapid Response Team (RRT) and an intensivist-led Medical Emergency Team (MET) for critically ill patients in the Emergency Department (ED) and acute care wards improved hospital-wide cardiac arrest rates.MethodsIn this single-center, retrospective observational cohort study, we compared the cardiac arrest rates per 1000 patient-days during two time periods. Our hospital instituted a nurse-led RRT in 2012 and added an intensivist-led MET in 2014. We compared the cardiac arrest rates during the nurse-led RRT period and the combined RRT-MET period. With the sequential approach, nurse-led RRT evaluated and managed rapid response calls in acute care wards and if required escalated care and co-managed with an intensivist-led MET. We specifically compared the rates of pulseless electrical activity (PEA) in the two periods. We also looked at the cardiac arrest rates in the ED as RRT-MET co-managed patients with the ED team.ResultsHospital-wide cardiac arrests decreased from 2.2 events per 1000 patient-days in the nurse-led RRT period to 0.8 events per 1000 patient-days in the combined RRT and MET period (p-value = 0.001). Hospital-wide PEA arrests and shockable rhythms both decreased significantly. PEA rhythms significantly decreased in acute care wards and the ED.ConclusionImplementing an intensivist-led MET-RRT significantly decreased the overall cardiac arrest rate relative to the rate under a nurse-led RRT model. Additional MET capabilities and early initiation of advanced, time-sensitive therapies likely had the most impact.
Risk factors of progression to endometrial cancer in women with endometrial hyperplasia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jeong Jin Young , Hwang Sung Ook , Lee Banghyun , Kim Kidong , Kim Yong Beom , Park Sung Hye , Choi Hwa Yeon 
Published: December 2020

Objective
This study aimed to investigate risk factors of progression to endometrial cancer (EC) in women with non-atypical and atypical endometrial hyperplasia (EH).

Methods
The data of 62,333 women with EH diagnostic codes from 2007 to 2018 were sourced from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service databases. The data from 11,525 women with non-atypical EH and 2,219 women with atypical EH who met the selection criteria were extracted for analysis.

Results
Risk of EC in women with EH decreased in 40–49 year olds compared to other ages (non-atypical EH: [≤39 vs. 40–49 years] HR, 0.557; 95% CI, 0.439–0.708; P<0.001; [≤39 vs. ≥50 years] P = 0.739; atypical EH: [≤39 vs. 40–49 years] HR, 0.391; 95% CI, 0.229–0.670; P = 0.001; [≤39 vs. ≥50 years] P = 0.712). Risk of EC increased with increase in number of follow-up biopsies in women with non-atypical EH (1 biopsy: HR, 1.835; 95% CI, 1.282–2.629; P = 0.001; ≥2 biopsies: HR, 3.644; 95% CI, 2.585–5.317; P<0.001) and in women receiving ≥2 follow-up biopsies with atypical EH (HR, 3.827; 95% CI, 1.924–7.612; P = 0.001). Time of progression to EC decreased in women ≥50 years old with non-atypical EH compared to other ages (P = 0.004) and showed no differences among ages in women with atypical EH (P = 0.576). Progestational agents were a protective factor for EC in women with non-atypical EH (HR, 0.703; 95% CI, 0.565–0.876; P = 0.002).

Conclusions
In this claim data analysis, women ≤39 and ≥50 years old with EH were at a high risk for progression to EC, and repeat follow-up biopsy after a diagnosis of EH increased detection of EC. Progestational agents were an effective modality to prevent EC in women with non-atypical EH.
Metagenomic next generation sequencing for the diagnosis of tuberculosis meningitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Guocan , Zhao Wuchen , Shen Yanqin , Zhu Pengfei , Zheng Hong 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundTuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a severe form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and its early diagnosis is very difficult leading to present with severe disability or die. The current study aimed to assess the accuracy of metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) for TBM, and to identify a new test for the early diagnosis of TBM.MethodsWe searched for articles published in Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data up to June 30, 2020 for studies that assessed the efficacy of mNGS for the diagnosis of TBM. Then, the accuracy between mNGS and a composite reference standard (CRS) in these articles was compared using the meta-analysis approach.ResultsFour independent studies with 342 samples comparing mNGS and a CRS were included in this study. The sensitivity of mNGS for TBM diagnosis ranged from 27% to 84%. The combined sensitivity of mNGS was 61%, and the I2value was 92%. Moreover, the specificity of mNGS for TBM diagnosis ranged from 96% to 100%. The combined specificity of mNGS was 98%, and the I2value was 74%. The heterogeneity between studies in terms of sensitivity and specificity was significant. The area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) of mNGS for TBM was 0.98.ConclusionsThe sensitivity of mNGS for TBM diagnosis was moderate. Furthermore, the specificity was extremely high, and the AUC of the SROC indicated a very good diagnostic efficacy. mNGS could be used as an early diagnostic method for TBM, however, the results should be treated with caution for the heterogeneity between studies was extremely significant.Systematic review registrationINPLASY202070100.