bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of different kinetic models for dynamic 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma with various, also dual-blood input function
Authors: Geist Barbara Katharina , Xing Haiqun , Wang Jingnan , Shi Ximin , Zhao Haitao , Hacker Marcus , Sang Xinting , Huo Li , Li Xiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study is to establish a 68Ga-FAPI-04 dynamic model in hepatic lesions, to determine the potential role of kinetic parameters in the differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from non-HCC lesions.Methods: 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET dynamic images of 7 HCC lesions and 5 non-HCC lesions from 8 patients were analyzed from their time-activity curve (TACs). Five kinetic models were applied to the TACs, using hepatic artery and/or portal vein as input functions. Results were analyzed according to Akaike and Schwartz information criteria.Results: A two-compartment model using solely a venous input function was most preferred and showed significant differences between healthy regions and lesions in almost all model parameters. Using a two-compartment model with one arterial input function delivered significant differences between HCC and non-HCC regions in the case of K1 (p = 0.03).Conclusion: The established FAPI PET dynamic model in liver lesions suggested that FAPI PET kinetic parameters have the potential to differentiate between HCC and non-HCC lesions.
WITHDRAWN: Role of Organizations in Preparedness and Emergency Response to Flood Disaster in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Babul 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present study is to know the role of organizations and make an assessment on their performances regarding preparedness and emergency response of flood disaster affected people. This study has used a mixed-method approach. Flood-affected people were the respondents to evaluate the organizational role. The study reveals that before the flood in 2017 to minimize the loss and damages, the GOs play a very effective role concerning the arrangement of preparatory meetings and preparing shelter centers, and NGOs play a very useful role in making arrangements for awareness-building training. During the emergency period, the GOs played a comparatively better role in providing CI sheets and cash money as relief for establishing housing facilities and emergency support. The NGOs played relatively a better role in providing food, water, clothes, medicine, etc. This study put forward complications such as limited sanctions, disruption of communication, lack of awareness of sufferers, overlapping. This study put forward complications such as limited sanctions, disruption of communication, lack of awareness of sufferers, overlapping.
Lymphoepithelioma-like cholangiocarcinoma in middle-aged woman with Epstein-Barr Virus infection: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Cao Xuequan , Lu Hongsheng , Ruan Zhengying , Zhou Luqing , Cai Xiaobo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(LELCC) is a rare variant of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), LELCC is composed of prominently reactive lymphoid infiltration and scattered malignant epithelial cells, which may lead to misdiagnosis of pathologist, especially on rapid freezing during operation. Recognizing the tumor is important to avoid misdiagnosis. Case presentation We report a case of LELCC in a 53-year-old Chinese female patient with EBV infection, who was found to have a nodules in the junction of the left and right lobes of the liver on abdominal Computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Microscopically, the boundary of the tumor was clear with incomplete fibrous capsule around the tumor, the tumor was arranged in a nest or tubular gland, tumor cells were cubic, with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, rare mitotic figures, and abundant lymphoid infiltration and lymphofollicular formation. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were diffusely positive for biliary-type cytokeratins (CK7, CK19), CK8,CK18,Ki-67 proliferation index (about 20%) and negative for CK20, polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) and CD34, hepatic marker (HepPar-1), The tumor-infifiltrating lymphocytes are predominant for CD3 and CD45RO-positive T cells, CD20 and CD79α are positive scattered in the germinal center and surrounding areas. In situ hybridization, EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) was strongly positive in tumor cells. Conclusions The diagnosis of LELCC should be combined with histopathology, immunohistochemistry and EBER detection. There are limited literature reports on the pathological diagnosis and differential diagnosis, additional studies will be needed to needed to clarify the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype, and differential diagnosis of this disease. It is necessary to master the diagnostic criteria to avoid misdiagnosis for pathologist.
A hot spring Asgard archaeon sheds light on the origin of eukaryotic endosomal system.
Authors: Lin Weili , Fan Lu , Xiao Jing , Fang Sa , Xu Yanbing , Zhao Rui , Qin Rushi , Zhu Ruixin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Recent metagenomics studies have identified a novel archaeal superphylum namely Asgard, which are characterized by enriched eukaryotic-specific proteins. In this study, we screened unclassified archaeal genomes in public databases and obtained a high-qualified metagenome-assembled genome that can be assigned as a novel family-level Asgard member namely Odinarchaeceae Tengchong. Metabolic analysis indicates an autotrophic lifestyle of this hot spring archaeon with a complete tetrahydromethanopterin Wood-Ljungdahl pathway for carbon dioxide reduction and an arsenic efflux detoxification. Examination of public databases found that thus far Odinarchaeceae Tengchong may be the only prokaryote that encodes a C-terminal domain of Vps28 in the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT), a critical connector of multiple ESCRT components. Therefore, the identification of this archaeon provides valuable evidence of the archaeal origin of eukaryotic ESCRT. We posit that all the key components of the eukaryotic endosomal system might have evolved from a common ancestor of Asgard archaea and eukaryotes.
A clinical practice evaluating the more appropriate airway humidification methods applied on patients with severe traumatic brain injury
Authors: yin xiaohong , MA Banyou , YANG Lei , SUN Hua , YUN Zhilei , WANG Yuxia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Airway humidification is an essential treatment for severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) patients after tracheotomy. To date, there was no relevant quantitative study evaluating these humidification ways and providing the appropriate method for the long-term nursing of these patients. In this study, 150 patients whom received tracheotomy treatment in our hospital from January 2016 to November 2018 were recruited into this study. Subjects were divided into three groups according to the humidification way that they received. The groups were oxygen spraying group (group A), Heat and moisture exchanger (HME) group (group B) and the heating and humidification group (group C). Phlegm viscosity, humidification effect, phlegm formation rate, daily sputum inhalation times, airway spasm, secondary lung infection, daily nursing times, nurses' internal satisfaction were evaluated. The C method is superior to both A and B methods in most aspects. A method trends to happening with insufficient or excessive humidification. Phlegm scab formation is significantly less in group C. The B and C methods had equal humidification effects and need similar daily sputum inhalation nursing. Airway spasm was frequent happened in group A than that in groups B and C. Secondary infection happened in all groups, the number of infected patients showed a decreasing trend and the infection degree showed no difference in the first 7 days between group C and group A. And the severity but not the infection ratio significantly decreased in Group C on the 30 th day. Method A significantly reduced nursing workload, but gained the worst humidification effects. Collectively, C method is more suitable for the airway nursing of patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
Socioeconomic disparities and the distribution of HIV in Cameroon: a multilevel logistic regression analysis
Authors: Yuan Zhongshang , Lin Weiqiang , Tewara Marlvin Anemey , Yunxia Liu , Barong Helen Binang , Nji Che Pantalius , Linda Nguedia Meguimfouet , Ariane Omam Francine , Audre Tchio Tchoumba Michele , Mbah-Fongkimeh Prisca N. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: There have been controversial debates on the relationship between socioeconomic status and the distribution of HIV in Cameroon. We aim to illustrate the vulnerability of socioeconomic disparities and the risk of getting HIV for public health interventions. Methods: Descriptive statistics was conducted to quantify the socioeconomic gradients of HIV. A Multilevel logistic regression model was used to study the relationship between socioeconomic factors and HIV. The effect of the factors was presented as odds ratios (OR), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). P-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. We further mapped HIV prevalence in ArcGIS to visualize the regional distribution of HIV.Results: HIV was significantly associated with age (p<0.001), sex (p<0.001) and varies significantly by geographic region (p<0.001), level of education (p=0.001), wealth status (p<0.001), religion (p=0.042), ethnicity (p<0.001) and residence (p=0.001). HIV positive participants were more likely to be women, people with higher educational level, live in urban areas, practice the protestant religious belief, belong to the ethnicity of Kako/Meka/Pygmy and distributed in the East, South, and Yaoundé regions. Age, sex, region, education level, and ethnicity were significantly associated with the odds of having HIV from the multilevel regression model. Conclusion: Our finding recommends for novel intervention programs that will target the various socioeconomic factors associated with the odds of having HIV for proper public health management of the disease in Cameroon.
Zeolite addition to improve biohydrogen production from dark fermentation of organic wastes
Authors: Silva Ana Rita M , Abreu Angela A , Salvador Andreia F , Alves Maria Madalena , Neves Isabel C , Pereira Maria Alcina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Hydrogen is a clean and renewable energy source that can be produced by biological processes, such as dark fermentation. However, hydrogen production yields are usually low.Results In this work, biohydrogen production from a mixture (1:1) of glucose and arabinose (4.4 g L -1 , in COD) was improved about 1.3 times in batch reactors, and increased 3 times in a continuous reactor (from 143 mL H2 L -1 d -1 to 430 mL H2 L -1 d -1 ), when zeolite type-13X was added. The presence of zeolite led to the stimulation of different metabolic pathways and to changes in the microbial community composition, which seems to be linked to hydrogen production improvement. The zeolite effect in dark fermentation was also verified for more complex substrates. Hydrogen production yield from Sargassum sp., was improved 1.4 times by the presence of zeolite (94.8 L H 2 Kg -1 Sargassum sp . Volatile Solids (VS)).Conclusions The results show that zeolite is suitable to improve biohydrogen production by dark fermentation.
A low dose of beryllium exposure influences gut microbiota and promotes metabolic syndrome.
Authors: Cha Kwang Hyun , Yang Jung-Seok , Song Dae-Geun , Yoon Kye-Yoon , Erdene-Ochir Erdenedolgor , Kim Kyung-A , Yoon Hyo Shin , You Hyun Ju , Lim Mi Young , Seo Boram , Jin Jong Beom , Pan Cheol-Ho , Ko GwangPyo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Elements, including essential minerals and metals, play an important role in human biological functions. Some studies have suggested that exposure to certain elements such as arsenic and cadmium can disturb gut microbiota and result in metabolic disorders. Despite considerable evidence that exposure to toxic heavy metals is significantly associated with host metabolic disorder, few studies have investigated the relationships between fecal elements, gut microbiota, and host metabolism. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of various fecal elements on gut microbiota and metabolic disorder, we have to investigate fecal elements from human stools for association study and demonstrate that certain elements have the causal effect on metabolic disease and changes in gut microbiota. Results We analyzed 28 elements from 304 feces of human twins and evaluated the effects of fecal elements on both gut microbiota and metabolic disorder. Fecal beryllium content was found significantly correlated with biomarkers of metabolic disease and metabolic disease-related gut microbiota such as Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium . In vitro human fecal culture showed marked reduction of species evenness and Bifidobacterium abundance after beryllium treatment. Notably, in mice fed a high-fat diet, 30 ppb of beryllium exposure resulted in significant body weight gain and increased plasma biomarkers for metabolic disorder with an altered microbial community. Beryllium exposure also affected cecal short chain fatty acid profiles, colonic function, and inflammation. Conclusions Our findings indicate that low doses of beryllium, almost similar to the current criteria for beryllium in drinking water, perturb the gut microbiota and worsen metabolic disorders, which is significant implication in public health.
CT manifestations of the coronavirus disease 2019 in patients outside Wuhan: with a history of exposure to Wuhan vs. with second-generation infection
Authors: Wu Yu-ping , Cao Jin-ming , Chen Tian-wu , Li Rui , Liu Feng-jun , Zeng Yue , Zhang Xiao-ming , Mu Qi-wen , Li Hong-jun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: To explore discrepancy in CT manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients outside Wuhan between cases with a history of exposure to Wuhan and with the second-generation infection.Methods: Twenty-two patients with confirmed COVID-19 from two hospitals in Nanchong outside Wuhan were enrolled. All patients underwent initial and follow-up computed tomography after admission, and were divided into two groups. Group A and B were composed of 15 patients with a history of exposure to Wuhan and 7 with the second-generation infection in Nanchong, respectively. Initial CT features including extent score and density score between groups were statistically compared.Results: All patients in group A had abnormal CT findings while 3 of 7 patients in group B had. Patients with abnormal CT findings were more frequent in group A than in group B (P < 0.05). On initial CT, pure ground glass opacity (GGO), and GGO with consolidation and/or other abnormalities were found in 20% (3/15) and 80% (12/15) patients in group A, respectively, while 1 (14.3%), 2 (28.6%) and 4 (57.1%) had pure GGO, GGO with focal consolidation, and normal CT appearances in Group B, respectively. Patients with extent and density scores of ≥5 were more frequent in group A than in group B (Ps < 0.01). Additionally, 3 of 4 (75%) patients with normal initial CT findings had focal pure GGO lesions on follow-up CT.Conclusion: The COVID-19 in patients with a history of exposure to Wuhan can be severer than with the second-generation infection on CT.
Fire and drinking water capacity enhancement in water distribution networks
Authors: Huzsvar T. , Weber R. , Hos C. J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to introduce a newly developed capacity increment (also pressure sensitivity reduction) technique in the case of drinking water distribution systems (WDS). The main novelty of this method is based on a correlation between two parameters of the water distribution network – one characterises its robustness in a topology-specific way, the other can be calculated with only one hydraulic simulation. With the help of connection the topology optimisation – the identification of the optimal place for installing a new pipe – can be determined within a short processing time, and without the implementation of a stochastic optimiser algorithm. The first part of the paper presents problems caused by high pressure sensitivity and introduces the mathematical background of the method, besides which it discusses the details of the algorithm. After that, the second part presents the results gained by the implementation of the method in two case studies: real-life water distribution systems of a small and a medium-sized town. For the small town, verification is possible by comparing the result of our method with the total hydraulic evaluation of the WDS.
Decoding Psoriasis: Integrated Bioinformatics Approach to Understand Hub Genes and Involved Pathways
Authors: Choudhary Saumya , Pradhan Dibyabhaba , Khan Noor S. , Singh Harpreet , Thomas George , Jain Arun K. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Psoriasis is a chronic immune mediated skin disorder with global prevalence of 0.2-
11.4%. Despite rare mortality, the severity of the disease could be understood by the accompanying comorbidities,
that has even led to psychological problems among several patients. The cause and the disease
mechanism still remain elusive.

Objective:
To identify potential therapeutic targets and affecting pathways for better insight of the disease pathogenesis.

Method:
The gene expression profile GSE13355 and GSE14905 were retrieved from NCBI, Gene Expression
Omnibus database. The GEO profiles were integrated and the DEGs of lesional and non-lesional psoriasis skin
were identified using the affy package in R software. The Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathways
of the DEGs were analyzed using clusterProfiler. Cytoscape, V3.7.1 was utilized to construct protein interaction
network and analyze the interactome map of candidate proteins encoded in DEGs. Functionally relevant clusters
were detected through Cytohubba and MCODE.

Results:
A total of 1013 genes were differentially expressed in lesional skin of which 557 were upregulated and
456 were downregulated. Seven dysregulated genes were extracted in non-lesional skin. The disease gene network
of these DEGs revealed 75 newly identified differentially expressed gene that might have a role in development
and progression of the disease. GO analysis revealed keratinocyte differentiation and positive regulation
of cytokine production to be the most enriched biological process and molecular function. Cytokines -cytokine
receptor was the most enriched pathways. Among 1013 identified DEGs in lesional group, 36 DEGs were found
to have altered genetic signature including IL1B and STAT3 which are also reported as hub genes. CCNB1,
CCNA2, CDK1, IL1B, CXCL8, MKI 67, ESR1, UBE2C, STAT1 and STAT3 were top 10 hub gene.

Conclusion:
The hub genes, genomic altered DEGs and other newly identified differentially dysregulated genes
would improve our understanding of psoriasis pathogenesis, moreover, the hub genes could be explored as potential
therapeutic targets for psoriasis.
Novel Interface Designs for Patient Monitoring Applications in Critical Care Medicine: Human Factors Review
Authors: Andrade Evismar , Quinlan Leo , Harte Richard , Byrne Dara , Fallon Enda , Kelly Martina , Casey Siobhan , Kirrane Frank , O'Connor Paul , O'Hora Denis , Scully Michael , Laffey John , Pladys Patrick , Beuchée Alain , ÓLaighin Gearóid 
Published: March 2020

Background
The patient monitor (PM) is one of the most commonly used medical devices in hospitals worldwide. PMs are used to monitor patients’ vital signs in a wide variety of patient care settings, especially in critical care settings, such as intensive care units. An interesting observation is that the design of PMs has not significantly changed over the past 2 decades, with the layout and structure of PMs more or less unchanged, with incremental changes in design being made rather than transformational changes. Thus, we believe it well-timed to review the design of novel PM interfaces, with particular reference to usability and human factors.

Objective
This paper aims to review innovations in PM design proposed by researchers and explore how clinicians responded to these design changes.

Methods
A literature search of relevant databases, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, identified 16 related studies. A detailed description of the interface design and an analysis of each novel PM were carried out, including a detailed analysis of the structure of the different user interfaces, to inform future PM design. The test methodologies used to evaluate the different designs are also presented.

Results
Most of the studies included in this review identified some level of improvement in the clinician’s performance when using a novel display in comparison with the traditional PM. For instance, from the 16 reviewed studies, 12 studies identified an improvement in the detection and response times, and 10 studies identified an improvement in the accuracy or treatment efficiency. This indicates that novel displays have the potential to improve the clinical performance of nurses and doctors. However, the outcomes of some of these studies are weakened because of methodological deficiencies. These deficiencies are discussed in detail in this study.

Conclusions
More careful study design is warranted to investigate the user experience and usability of future novel PMs for real time vital sign monitoring, to establish whether or not they could be used successfully in critical care. A series of recommendations on how future novel PM designs and evaluations can be enhanced are provided.
Evaluating Online Consumer Medication Information Systems: Comparative Online Usability Study
Authors: Sigle Stefan , Barriga Pilar , Correa Fernández Francisco Javier , Juhra Christian , Härtel Steffen , Fegeler Christian 
Published: March 2020

Background
Medication is the most common intervention in health care, and the number of online consumer information systems within the pharmaceutical sector is increasing. However, online consumer information systems can be a barrier for users, imposing information asymmetries between stakeholders.

Objective
The objective of this study was to quantify and compare the usability of an online consumer medication information system (OCMIS) against a reference implementation based on an interoperable information model for patients, physicians, and pharmacists.

Methods
Quantitative and qualitative data were acquired from patients, physicians, and pharmacists in this online usability study. We administered 3 use cases and a post hoc questionnaire per user. Quantitative usability data including effectiveness (task success), efficiency (task time), and user satisfaction (system usability scale [SUS]) was complemented by qualitative and demographic data. Users evaluated 6 existing systems and 1 reference implementation of an OCMIS.

Results
A total of 137 patients, 81 physicians, and 68 pharmacists participated in this study. Task success varied from 84% to 92% in patients, 66% to 100% in physicians, and 50% to 91% in pharmacists. Task completion time decreased over the course of the study for all but 2 OCMIS within the patient group. Due to an assumed nonnormal distribution of SUS scores, within-group comparison was done using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Patients showed differences in SUS scores (P=.02) and task time (P=.03), while physicians did not have significant differences in SUS scores (P=.83) and task time (P=.72). For pharmacists, a significant difference in SUS scores (P<.001) and task time (P=.007) was detected.

Conclusions
The vendor-neutral reference implementation based on an interoperable information model was proven to be a promising approach that was not inferior to existing solutions for patients and physicians. For pharmacists, it exceeded user satisfaction scores compared to other OCMIS. This data-driven approach based on an interoperable information model enables the development of more user-tailored features to increase usability. This fosters data democratization and empowers stakeholders within the pharmaceutical sector.