bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Routine Histopathological Examination After Cholecystectomy
Authors: Siddiue Md Abu Bakar , Mahmud Firoz , Faisal M Fardil Hossain , Rahman Md Fazlur , Das Bidhan C , Mahmud Riaz 
Published: March 2020

Background: Cholecystectomy is one of the commonest surgeries in medical practice. Sometimes malignant condition cannot be assessed pre-operatively. Histopathology require for tissue diagnosis.
Objective: To assess whether the histopathogical examination is really needed for all bladder specimens resected for cholelithiasis and cholecystitis.
Materials and Methods: This observational study was carried out in the General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from May, 2016 to April, 2017. A total number of 95 patients were included in this study.
Results: Total of 95 gallbladder specimens were submitted for histopathological examination where 33.7% were males and 66.3 % were females with mean age of 46+12.86 years. Chronic cholecystitis was the most common finding in 91.6% of cases whereas Xanthogranulomatous 2.1%. Six of the gall bladders showed adenocarcinoma (6.3%), of which four had changes on ultrasound and macroscopic gall bladder analysis (MGAS) disturbances were found in 5 cases and 1 case was found incidentally on histopathological examination. On ultrasound, only four (66.66%) and peroperative macroscopic examination by surgeon only 5(83.3%) had a clue of carcinoma.
Conclusion: It could be concluded that , routine histopathological examination of gallbladder after cholecystectomy is necessary as USG sometimes can not differentiate neoplastic lesion from inflammatory one.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 184-187
Blood Culture Isolates and Antibiogram of Salmonella: The Gathering Storm
Authors: Reza Ishrat Binte , Ahasan HAM Nazmul , Ahmed Moshtaque , Tahseen Homayra , Chowdhury Tasmina 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Typhoid fever is a common problem all over the world including Bangladesh. It is caused by salmonella typhae and paratyphae and it is an old infectious water born disease. It is encountered in Bangladesh throughout the year. For many years it is treated by Chloramphenicol and subsequently Cotrimoxazole and Amoxicillin. Despite the use of newly developed antibacterial drugs, enteric fevers caused by multidrug-resistant bacterial strains are one of major health problems in Bangladesh. Multidrug resistant Salmonella sp. has been emerged is a cause of concern.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study done at the Popular Medical College Hospital over a period of 6 months between January 2018 to june 2018.
Results: During the study period, total 115 cases were enrolled. Regarding antibiotic sensitivity pattern, 69% strains were sensitive to Ampicillin, 100% to Cefixime and Ceftriaxone, 75% to Cotrimoxazole, 52% to Nalidixic Acid and 68% to Ciprofloxacin, 69% to Levofloxacin, 80% to Cholarphenicol.
Conclusion: Ceftriaxone and Cefixime were found to be highly sensitive. So, we should be very careful for the judicious use of these valuable drug to prevent drug resistance.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 188-190
Cardiovascular Events in Adults With Community Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Kabir Muhammad Ashraful , Alam Mohammed Khorshed , Ali Barkot , Rahman SK Anisur 
Published: March 2020

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most frequent infectious disease, responsible for significant morbidity and mortality world wide. Poor outcome in CAP patients is directly related to pneumonia also to comorbidities both during hospitalization and long term after discharge.
Objective: To determine the incidence of major cardiac complications in CAP patients.
Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted in Medicine Department, Gazi Medical College and Hospital (GMCAH) Khulna from January 2016 to March 2019. We studied patients with association of CAP and ACE on admission or Patients with CAP on admission, developing ACE after 48 to 72 hours of hospital stay. Patients who were admitted with ACE but developed a CAP after 48 to 72 hours of admission and Patients with severe sepsis with a concomitant elevated troponin were excluded from the study.
Results: Out of 1406 patients with CAP, 12.4% presented with cardiovascular events and 87.6% without cardiovascular events. In cardiovascular events, 79.3% patient had heart failure, 17.8% had cardiac arrhythmia and 2.9% had myocardial infarction. Subjects with hyperlipidemia had 2.10 fold more cardiac events than subjects without hyperlipidemia. A Subject with (PSI) <80 vs >80 had 3.16 (95% CI 1.18 to 8.47) times increase in odds having cardiovascular events. Hyperlipidemia and PSI were significantly associated with cardiovascular events.
Conclusion: Major cardiac complications occur in a substantial proportion of patients with CAP. Physicians and patients need to appreciate the significance of this association for timely recognition and management of these events. Strategies aimed at preventing pneumonia in high-risk population need to be optimized.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 191-195
Effect of Preoperative Internal Biliary Drainage on Postoperative Outcome Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Periampullary Carcinoma
Authors: Miah Munsur , Faisal M Fardil Hossain , Das Bidhan C , Khan Md Manir Hossain , Reza Md Nahid , Mahmud Riaz , Mahmud Firoz , Hoque Khandaker Rezaul 
Published: March 2020

Background: Preoperative biliary drainage before pancreaticoduodenectomy is a controversial issue. Proponents are in favor of preoperative biliary drainage by ERCP with stent to reduce surgical jaundice with an anticipation of better surgical outcome.
Objective: Compare the outcome with or without pre-operative biliary drainage before pancreaticoduodenectomy.
Materials and Methods: This observational comparative study was conducted in department of Surgery and Hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery of BSMMU. Twenty three patients presented with obstructive jaundice due to periampulary carcinoma who subsequently underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy were selected by purposive sampling and finalized by eligibility criteria.
Results: Patients with preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) group required a longer operative time (mean 4.12 hours versus 3.83 hours) and had more intra-operative blood loss (mean 662 mL versus 495 mL) compared with non PBD group (P=0.009 and 0.010). No differences were found with respect to operative mortality (4.3%) and incidence of pancreatic leakage (P=0.281). PBD was significantly associated with positive bile culture (P=0.019) and high incidence of wound infection (p=0.029).
Conclusion: Preoperative biliary drainage did not increase major postoperative morbidity and mortality but associated with increased operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and incidence of wound infection. Preoperative biliary drainage should be used selectively in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 196-201
Management of Pain During Propofol Injection Using Intravenous Nitroglycerine
Authors: Hossain Muhammad Sazzad , Rashid Mohammad Mamunur , Babu Md Anisur Rahman , Sultana Afsana , Mahfuz Md Sirajul Islam , Rahman Abdur , Mandal Muhammad Alamgir 
Published: March 2020

Background: Propofol is an intravenous (IV) anesthetic agent, can irritate the skin, mucous membrane and venous intima. The main drawback is the pain at injection site following its intravenous injection.
Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of intravenous nitroglycerine on pain in patients following propofol injection.
Materials and Methods: Eighty adult patients of both sexes, aged 20-50 years, according to American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status were divided into two equal groups (n=40) to receive 200 mcg intravenous nitroglycerine diluted in 10 ml saline (group A) and 10 ml normal saline as placebo (group B) at an ambient operating room temperature in a randomized and double blinded fashion to compare the pain-relieving effects of the drugs during propofol injection before the patients lost consciousness. The pain on propofol injection was assessed according to the Mc Crirrick and Hunter scale.
Results: The overall incidence and severity of pain were significantly less in Groups A (nitroglycerine group) than group B (placebo group) (p< 0.05). The incidence of mild and moderate pain in Group A versus group B was 25% vs 45% and 15% vs 30% respectively (p<0.05). The incidence of score '0' (no pain) was higher in Group A (60%) than Group B (25%) (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Pretreatment with 200 mcg nitroglycerine with venous occlusion for one minute is effective pretreatment in alleviating propofol injection pain when compared to placebo.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 202-205
Physiatric Management of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Hasan Md Israt , Emran Mohammed , Newaz Fatema , Md Atiquzzaman - , Morshed Tawfiq , Banik Amitav , Sadeque ABM Zafar , Sharmin Shaila 
Published: March 2020

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy of the upper limb. Diagnosis of CTS was rare before middle of the nineteenth century but in recent years it continues to be made with increasing frequency by the virtue of wide spread public awareness and highly specific diagnostic tests. Individuals engaged in repetitive works which involves flexion and extension of the wrist, strong grip or exposure to vibration are particularly at risk of developing the disease. It is now accounted amongst the common work related claimed disabilities in our country.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 206-210
Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Arifur , Rahman Md Lutfar , Saha Jayanta Kumar , Islam ASM Shariful , Rahman Mezanur , Munshi Prakash Chandra , Tamal Taslim Yusuf 
Published: March 2020

Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysms are extremely rare cardiac anomalies.The sinus of Valsalva aneurysm (SVA) is a small dilatation caused by a separation between the aortic media and annulus fibrosus. Its may be either acquired or congenital. The right coronary sinus is most frequently affected. The most common complication being rupture.We present the case of a 12-year old girl with ruptured non-coronary sinus of valsalva aneurysm associated with ventricular septal defect , mitral regurgitation grade II and severe pulmonary hypertension. Echocardiography is sufficient to diagnose SVA, its complications, repercussions, and surgical options. SVA, even if asymptomatic, has potential risks of expansion,rupture, cardiac failure, endocarditis, embolism and sudden death. This justifies surgical correction, with a low mortality rate in both the short- and long-term.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 211-213
Sigmoid Resection and Primary Anastomosis Without Any Diversion or Exteriorization for Impacted Foreign Body in Sigmoid Colon
Authors: Moniruddin ABM , Faisal M Fardil Hossain , Chowdhury Salma , Hasan Tanvirul , Rafique Romana , Banerjee Gourav , Khan Md Rashed , Rahman Md Masudar , Sharif Sayeed Bin 
Published: March 2020

Colorectal Resections are very often required as an essential surgical procedure for various diseases. These resections are usually accompanied with various forms of diversions with or without primary colo-colonic or colorectal anastomosis. Classically, these are usually preceded by a standard form of bowel preparation. Here, a different form of colorectal surgery without preceding bowel preparation, colorectal resection and primary anastomosis were done, without any covering or defunctioning ileostomy or any other form of diversion or exteriorization and envisaged no complication. A psychiatric adult patient presented with self-introduction of a large foreign body (bobbin) through his anus. On laparotomy, FB (bobbin) impacted at the apex of the loop of sigmoid colon. It was so intensely impacted that milking towards the rectum without serious injury was totally impossible. Sigmoid resection and primary colorectal anastomosis without any form of ileostomy or similar type of diversion or exteriorization was performed. Just before anastomosis, faecal matters were removed as far as possible all from remaining both proximal and distal segments. Then digital anal stretching was done and put a transanastomotic flatus tube through anus. The flatus tube was removed on the 7th post operative day. The outcome was smooth and uneventful.
KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 214-218
Emakoiden fosforinerityksen vähentäminen rehun fosforipitoisuutta alentamalla
Authors: Keto Liisa , Perttilä Sini , Högel Heidi , Heikkilä Timo , Valkama Satu 
Published: March 2020

SiFos-hankkeessa tavoiteltiin sikojen ja siipikarjan ruokinnan kehittämisellä mm. maatilojen typpi- ja fosforierityksen minimointia. Lisäksi tavoiteltiin tilatason laskentatyökaluja, joiden avulla viljelijä voi tarkentaa tilansa ravinnekiertoa rehusta lantaan ja pellon kautta takaisin rehuun. Tässä SiFos-hankkeen osassa keskityttiin emakoiden tiineydenaikaisen fosforinerityksen vähentämisen keinoihin. Tilaseuranta toteutettiin varsinaissuomalaisella porsastuotantotilalla yhteistyössä rehu- ja lihateollisuuden kanssa. Kontrollikäsittelyssä emakoiden rehustus oli tilan tavanomainen rehustus (alkutilanne), josta tehtiin alkutilanneanalyysi analysoimalla tiineiden ja imettävien emakoiden rehu-, sonta-, virtsa- ja luunäytteitä. Alkutilanneanalyysiä varten yhteensä 166 emakolta otettiin sonta- ja virtsanäytteitä satunnaisesti kolmessa eri tiineyden vaiheessa. Lisäksi noin 100 teuraaksi menneestä emakosta kerättiin luunäytteitä analysoitavaksi ennen ja jälkeen rehumuutoksen. Mahdollisimman monelta emakolta kerättiin molemmat eritenäytteet. Koekäsittelyssä tiineiden emakoiden rehun kokonaisfosforipitoisuutta alennettiin. Eläinten riittävästä fosforinsaannista huolehdittiin siten, että rehujen sulavan fosforin laskennallinen pitoisuus pidettiin riittävän korkeana ja fosforin hyväksikäyttö varmistettiin oikealla fytaasientsyymiannoksella. Entsyymin tarkoitus on irrottaa rehuaineiden fytaattifosforia sian elimistön käyttöön. Koekäsittelyyn valittujen 52 emakon tiineyden aikana niiltä kerättiin sonta- ja virtsanäytteet tiineyden päivinä n. 30, 90 ja 103-114 tilan tuotantorytmiin sovittaen. Eritenäytteet otettiin aina ensimmäisen aamupäiväruokinnan yhteydessä aamupäivän aikana. Rehunäytteet otettiin liemirehun sekoittajasta yleensä eritenäytteiden ottopäivänä, koska emakoiden rehunvaihdokset ajoittuivat muille kuin näytteenottopäiville. Tilaseurannassa verrattiin emakoiden sontaan ja virtsaan erittyneen fosforin määrää ennen ja jälkeen rehumuutoksen. Luuston kunnon säilyminen varmistettiin analysoimalla luunäytteistä kivennäispitoisuudet ja murtolujuudet. Rehujen kivennäispitoisuudet ja fytaasiaktiivisuudet todennettiin laboratorioanalyyseillä. Emakoiden paino- ja silavamittatiedot saatiin tutkimuksen käyttöön tiineysajan lisäksi seurantatiineyden jälkeiseltä imetysajalta. Hankkeen puitteissa oli myös mahdollisuus tarkastella tilan porsastuotannon tunnuslukuja ennen ja jälkeen rehumuutoksen. Tilaseurannan organisoiminen suurelle porsastuotantotilalle yhdessä rehu- ja lihateollisuuden kanssa vaati suunnitelmallisuutta ja organisointia kaikilta osapuolilta. Koska sikatilalla ei yleensä tarvita samaan tuotannon vaiheeseen useampaa eri rehua, erilaisia rehuseoksia voitiin testata vain peräkkäin toteutettavilla ruokintajaksoilla. Sen tekninen toteutus todettiin mahdolliseksi. Tulosten odotetaan palvelevan elinkeinon kehittämistä ympäristöystävällisempään suuntaan.
STRATEGI MEMBELAJARKAN PENGUASAAN FAKTA DASAR MATEMATIKA (MATHEMATICS BASIC FACT FLUENCY) SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Lukmana Dana Arif 
Published: March 2020

Penguasaan fakta dasar matematika merupakan komponen penting perkembangan keterampilan matematika siswa yang sangat diperlukan. Penulis merekomendasikan agar dalam membelajarkan fakta dasar diawali dari fase menghitung, bernalar hingga penguasaan.Implemantasinya meliputi menyajikan masalah riil dan membiarkan siswa mengembangkan strategi alaminya secara mandiri.Terkait fakta penjumlahan, strategi penalaran dapat dilakukan dengan aktifitas tambah satu tambah dua, penjumlahan dengan 0, menggunakan 5 atau 10 sebagai acuan, kelipatan dua, hingga dekat kelipatan dua. Untuk fakta perkalian strategi penalaran dapat dilakukan dengan perkalian 0, 2, 5, 9 dan 10, dilanjutkan memanfaatkan fakta-fakta yang sudah diketahui untuk menemukan fakta baru, dan penggunaan game sebagai latihan. Sebagai catatan, beberapa hal perlu dihindari dalam membelajarkan fakta dasar matematika seperti mengabaikan strategi yang dikembangkan sendiri oleh siswa, menghafal, tes berdurasi, dan menjadikan penguasaan fakta menjadi syarat utama belajar pengalaman matematika lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: Penguasaan, Strategi, Fakta Dasar Matematika
IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK-PAIRSHARE (TPS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS SISWA PADA MATERI SEGITIGA
Authors: Lestari Sri , Angkotasan Nurma , Ishak Hasriani 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1. kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VII MTs Darul Ulum Sasa setelah menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think-Pairs-Share. 2. penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think-Pairs-Share dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VII MTs Darul Ulum Sasa. 3.Peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VII MTs Darul Ulum Sasa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think-Pairs-Share. Desain penelitian ini adalah OneGroup Preetest-Posttest Design eksperimen. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif yaitu menggunakan kriteria kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dan analisis inferensial yaitu uji normalitas sebagai uji prasyarat karena data yang diperoleh berdistribusi normal maka digunakan uji Paired t-test sebagai uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) kemampuan berpikir pemecahan masalah matematis siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran kooperative tipe Think-Pairs-Share diperoleh 8 orang siswa berkualifikasi memuaskan, 2 orang siswa berkualifikasi baik, 6 orang siswa berkualifikasi cukup dan 4 orang siswa berkualifikasi kurang serta 5 orang siswa berkualifikasi gagal. 2) model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe NHT meningkatkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa siswa, Pengujian hipotesis digunakan Paired t-test diperoleh hitung=3,99 tabel= 1,711 karena hitung> tabel, sehingga Ho ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dengan demikian model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis. Hasil analisis peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dengan menggunakan uji Gain berinterprestasi sedang. Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe tipe Think-Pairs-Share, kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis
Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Lidah Buaya (Aloe Vera) Terhadap Penghambatan Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus Dan Candida albicans
Authors: Handayani Gemy Nastiti 
Published: March 2020

This study aims to determine the activity of ethanol extract of Aloe vera leaves against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Candida albicans fungi. Extraction of aloe vera leaves is done by maceration method, then extracted several concentrations, namely 2.5%, 3.5%, and 4.5% for Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and concentrations of 4%, 8% and 12% for Candida albicans fungi. The inhibitory testing is done by agar diffusion method. The test results showed that the ethanol extract of Aloe vera leaves had antibacterial activity of Staphylococcus aureus and anti-fungal Candida albicans which was characterized by the presence of a clear zone. In Staphylococcus aureus bacteria provide optimum inhibition zone at a concentration of 4.5% with a diameter of 10.8 mm while in, the fungus Candida albicans provides the optimum inhibition zone at a concentration of 12% with a diameter of resistance 18.87 mm.
Key Words: Ethanol, Aloe vera leaves, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans
Uji Kandungan Logam Berat Pb Dan Hg Pada Air, Sedimen Dan Lamun (Enhalus acoroides) Di Perairan Teluk Kayeli Kabupaten Buru Provinsi Maluku
Authors: Natsir Nur Alim , Selanno Debby A. J , Tupan Ch.I. , Male Y.T. 
Published: March 2020

The difference in accumulation of lead and mercury heavy metals in water, sediments and seagrass organs Enhalus acoroides (roots, rhizomes and leaves) is found in the waters of Kayeli Bay, Buru Island, Maluku Province. Samples were taken from ten observed station (Kayeli River Estuary, Suket River Estuary, Anahoni River Estuary, Waelata I Estuary, Waelata River Estuary II, Waeapo River Estuary, Sanleko River Estuary, Marlosso River Estuary, Nametek Beach and Jikumerasa Beach). Pb and Hg were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The content of Pb and Hg in sediments is higher than in water. The highest Pb and Hg content is found in the roots then in the rhizoma and leaves (roots> rhizoma> leaves). Seagrass Enhalus acoroides is one of the living organisms that can be used as a bio-indicator of the level of heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment.
Key Words: Enhalus acoroides, Pb, Hg, Bioakumulasi, Bioindicator
Isolasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Bakteri Penghasil Selulase Asal Tanah Kandang Sapi
Authors: Sembiring Albert 
Published: March 2020

Plant biomass from waste agricultural can be transformed to useful like bioethanol and organic fertilizer in industry and agriculture using bacterial cellulase is one alternative to convert cellulose become organic fertilizer. This research had an objective to obtain potential bacterial cellulase isolated from the soil around of cowshed in Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bacteria were isolated from soil had used serial dilution that spread in 1% Carboxy Methyl Cellulose Medium (CMC 1%) and it's incubated at 37oC for 48 hours. Qualitative test for bacteria producing cellulose was carried out by picking the selected colony in the centered of CMC medium with adding congo red 1%. Based on the results were obtained three potential isolates could produce cellulose that were KS 0.1, KS 0.7 and KS 9.1. The highest cellulolytic index is 1.33 that produced by KS 0.1. The test quantitative activity of KS 0.1 using spectrophotometry method showed that the highest of enzyme activity at the first day and lowest eighth day during incubation period.
Key Words: bacteria, cellulose, soil around of cowshed
Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Project Based Learning Terhadap Keterampilan Kolaborasi Mahasiswa Pendidikan IPA
Authors: Saenab Sitti , Yunus Sitti Rahma , Husain Husain 
Published: March 2020

This report aims to review the influence of the use of learning model learning project based on skill collaboration education students science education UNM. The research is praeksperimen research. A design study used is one- shot case study. Subjects research is a student science education that doing lecture motion and change. Research instruments used to measure skill collaboration students is the instrument non the tests which consisted of rubric and the survey. Analysis of data done through descriptive statistics and statistics inferential. Analysis deskriktif statistics show that increased skill collaboration students when dibelajarkan use the model project is based learning about 18 of 29 students able to reach the score over the level of 1. While to test inferential shows that is the kind of classroom learning project based on skill collaboration
Key Words: PjBL, Skill Colobaration, Science Education