bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of intraoperative wireless ultrasonography for uterine incision among patients with adherence findings in placenta previa
Authors: Choi Min J. , Lim Chan M. , Jeong Dahoe , Jeon Hae‐Rin , Cho Kyung J. , Kim Suk Y. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimWe evaluated the effectiveness of intraoperative wireless ultrasonography in determining the location of uterine incision during cesarean delivery in patients with placenta previa who have sonographic adherence findings in order to assess intraoperative blood loss and maternal morbidity.MethodsA prospective study using wireless sonography, including 15 patients with previa, was conducted among women with singleton pregnancies who delivered by cesarean section between August 1, 2017, and August 30, 2019. Retrospective study for the control group included 32 patients with placenta previa who underwent cesarean section between January 1, 2016, and July 31, 2017, without wireless sonography. Patients with previa who had adherence findings in prenatal sonography were included in both groups. Logistic regression was used to identify the association between massive intraoperative bleeding loss and use of wireless ultrasound sonography.ResultsIntraoperative blood loss was significantly reduced in the study group compared to that in the control group (P = 0.009). The hospital stay was significantly shorter in the study group compared to the control group (5 days vs 6 days, P < 0.001). The use of intraoperative wireless sonography (P = 0.01) had a significant association with massive intraoperative hemorrhage in multivariable analysis.ConclusionOur study is the first study to apply a wireless ultrasound sonography device in women with placenta previa during cesarean section to examine maternal morbidity. This latest wireless ultrasound sonography device is advantageous for uterine incision guidance in women with placenta previa and improves maternal morbidity by reducing intraoperative hemorrhage.
Temporal and spatial dynamics of surface run‐off from Lake Basaka catchment (Ethiopia) using SCS‐CN model coupled with remote sensing and GIS
Authors: Dinka Megersa O. , Klik Andreas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Lake Basaka catchment (Ethiopia) has undergone a significant land use–land cover (LULC) change and lake level rise over the past five decades. Significant quantities of water and sediment flow annually into the lake through erosion processes. An appropriate method of estimating the surface run‐off from such ungauged and dynamic catchment is extremely important for delineating sensitive areas (based on run‐off responses) to be protected and for development of suitable measures to reduce run‐off and associated soil loss. Reliable prediction of run‐off, however, is very difficult and time‐consuming for catchments such as that of Lake Basaka. The present study estimated the dynamics of surface (direct) run‐off using the NRCS‐CN model in ArcGIS, assisted by remote sensing and ancillary data. The results indicated the Lake Basaka catchment experienced significant temporal and spatial variability in its run‐off responses, depending on the rainfall (amount and distribution) pattern and LULC changes. A significant run‐off increase occurred after 1973, consistent with significant LULC changes and lake level increments occurring after that period. A reduced vegetation cover also resulted in increased run‐off coefficient of the lake catchment from 0.11 in the 1970s to 0.23 in the 2000s, indicating the important need to consider possible future LULC evolution when forecasting the lake catchment run‐off behaviour.
The prevalence of urinary incontinence in men and women aged 40 years or over in China, Taiwan and South Korea: A cross‐sectional, prevalence‐based study
Authors: Sumarsono Budiwan , Jong Jar Jar , Wang Jian‐Ye , Liao Limin , Lee Kyu‐Sung , Yoo Tag Keun , Liu Shih‐Ping , Chuang Yao‐Chi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo assess prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI), including urgency UI (UUI), stress UI (SUI) and mixed UI (MUI) in individuals aged ≥40 years in China, Taiwan and South Korea.MethodThis was a post hoc analysis of a cross‐sectional, questionnaire‐based internet survey. Participants were asked questions relating to urinary symptoms, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and mental health (using the HRQoL 12‐item short form health survey mental health and physical domains, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), visits to healthcare professionals (HCPs) for any reason or for urinary symptoms, treatments for urinary symptoms and treatment satisfaction.ResultsOf 8284 survey participants, 1818 (22%) reported any UI (men 17.3%, women 26.4%). MUI was the most prevalent (overall 9.7%, men 6.8%, women 12.6%) followed by SUI (overall 7.9%, men 5.1%, women 10.7%) and UUI (overall 4.3%, men 5.5%, women 3.2%). HRQoL, anxiety and depression scores were poor in all participants with UI; MUI was associated with the worst scores. Of the participants with UI, 46.9% visited HCPs for urinary symptoms (highest proportion [62.7%] among participants with MUI). Approximately 80% of participants with UI followed treatment, with prescribed medicine being the most common form (38.1%). Over half of participants (59.6%) were somewhat, very, or extremely satisfied with their treatment. MUI was associated with least satisfaction.ConclusionUI was associated with substantial problems, including an adverse impact on HRQoL. Medication failed to satisfy many individuals with UI. Efforts to educate the public and physicians about the impact of UI could improve diagnosis and treatment rates.
No‐arbitrage implies power‐law market impact and rough volatility
Authors: Jusselin Paul , Rosenbaum Mathieu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMarket impact is the link between the volume of a (large) order and the price move during and after the execution of this order. We show that in a quite general framework, under no‐arbitrage assumption, the market impact function can only be of power‐law type. Furthermore, we prove this implies that the macroscopic price is diffusive with rough volatility, with a one‐to‐one correspondence between the exponent of the impact function and the Hurst parameter of the volatility. Hence, we simply explain the universal rough behavior of the volatility as a consequence of the no‐arbitrage property. From a mathematical viewpoint, our study relies, in particular, on new results about hyper‐rough stochastic Volterra equations.
Grading animal distress and side effects of therapies
Authors: Kumstel Simone , Wendt Edgar H. U. , Eichberg Johanna , Talbot Steven R. , Häger Christine , Zhang Xianbin , Abdelrahman Ahmed , Schönrogge Maria , Palme Rupert , Bleich André , Vollmar Brigitte , Zechner Dietmar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn order to combine high‐quality research with minimal harm to animals, a prospective severity assessment for animal experiments is legally required in many countries. In addition, an assessment of the evidence‐based severity level might allow realistic harm–benefit analysis and the appraisal of refinement methods. However, only a few examples describe the distress of animals by simple, cost‐efficient, and noninvasive methods. We, therefore, evaluated the severity of an orthotopic mouse model for pancreatic cancer using C57BL/6J mice when pursuing two different chemotherapies. We assessed fecal corticosterone metabolites, body weight, distress score, and burrowing, as well as nesting activity. Moreover, we established a multifactorial model using multivariate logistic regression to describe animal distress. This multifactorial analysis revealed that metformin + galloflavin treatment caused higher distress than metformin + α‐cyano‐4‐hydroxycinnamate therapy. Similar results were obtained by using the best cutoff calculated by Youden's J index when using only single parameters, such as burrowing activity or fecal corticosterone metabolite concentration. Thus, the present study revealed that single readout parameters, as well as multivariate analysis, can help to assess the severity of animal experiments and detect side effects of therapies.
Uncorrected refractive errors for distance among the residents in 'homes for the aged' in South India–The Hyderabad Ocular Morbidity in Elderly Study (HOMES)
Authors: Marmamula Srinivas , Barrenkala Navya Rekha , Challa Rajesh , Kumbam Thirupathi Reddy , Modepalli Satya Brahmanandam , Yellapragada Ratnakar , Bhakki Madhuri , Khanna Rohit C , Friedman David S 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Uncorrected Refractive Errors (URE) for distance in elderly residents in ‘homes for the aged’ in Hyderabad, India.MethodsIndividuals aged ≥60 years and residing in ‘homes for the aged’ in Hyderabad, India for a minimum of 1 month and providing consent for participation were recruited. All participants underwent visual acuity assessment, refraction, slit lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure measurement, fundus examination, and retinal imaging. Monocular presenting visual acuity was recorded using a logMAR chart. Objective and subjective refraction were performed, and best‐corrected visual acuity was recorded. URE was defined as presenting visual acuity worse than 6/12 but improving to 6/12 or better with refraction. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the risk factors associated with URE.ResultsIn total, 1 513 elderly participants were enumerated from 41 homes of which 1 182 participants (78.1%) were examined. The mean age of participants was 75.0 years (standard deviation 8.8 years; range: 60–108 years). 35.4% of those examined were men and 20.3% had no formal education. The prevalence of URE was 13.5% (95% CI: 11.5–15.5;n = 159). On applying multiple logistic regression analysis, compared to those living in private homes, the odds of URE were significantly higher among the elderly living in the aided homes (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.11–2.43) and free homes (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.00–2.80). As compared to those who reported having an eye examination in the last 3 years, the odds of URE were higher among those who never had an eye examination in the last three years (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.07–2.14). Similarly, those who had unilateral cataract surgery (OR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.10–2.93) or bilateral cataract surgery (1.69; 95% CI: 1.10–2.56) had higher odds of URE compared to those elderly who were not operated for cataract. Gender, self‐report of diabetes, and education were not associated with URE.ConclusionsA large burden of URE was found among the residents in the ‘homes for the aged’ in Hyderabad, India which could be addressed with a pair of glasses. Over 40% of the residents never had an eye examination in the last three years, which indicates poor utilisation of eye care services by the elderly. Regular eye examinations and provision of spectacles are needed to address needless URE for distance among the elderly in residential care in India.
Patterns of prenatal antidepressant exposure and risk of preeclampsia and postpartum haemorrhage
Authors: Palmsten Kristin , Chambers Christina D. , Wells Alan , Bandoli Gretchen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAntidepressant use later in pregnancy has been associated with preeclampsia and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in some studies.ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between patterns of prenatal antidepressant dose across gestationand risk of precclampsia and PPH.MethodsWe utilised OptumLabs® Data Warehouse (2012‐2016) administrative health care claims, identifying 226 932 singleton liveborn deliveries for this retrospective cohort study. Antidepressant dispensing doses were converted to fluoxetine equivalents. Using k‐means longitudinal, we identified women with similar patterns of antidepressant exposure, that is, trajectory groups, during the first 20 and 35 gestational weeks. We estimated risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between trajectory groups and preeclampisa (20‐week groups) and PPH (35‐week groups), adjusting for demographics, co‐morbidities, and other psychotropic medications. Linear trend tests assessing increasing risk of the outcomes across groups were performed.ResultsAmong 15 041 (6.6%) pregnancies exposed to an antidepressant, the following trajectory groups were identified: A‐low exposure, starting pregnancy at ~10 mg/d, with 1st trimester reduction/discontinuation, B‐low sustained exposure of ~20 mg/d, C‐moderate exposure (~40 mg/d) with 1st trimester reduction/discontinuation, D‐moderate sustained exposure of ~40 mg/d, and E‐high sustained exposure of ~75 mg/d. In the low exposure with reduction/discontinuation trajectory, risks were 8.2% for preeclampsia and 2.7% for PPH. Compared with this group, low, moderate, and high sustained trajectories were associated with preeclampsia (adjusted RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01, 1.34; RR 1.31, 95% CI 1.12, 1.54; and RR 1.41, 95% CI 1.05, 1.90, respectively) and PPH (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.05, 1.66; RR 1.35, 95% CI 1.03, 1.78; RR 2.51, 95% CI 1.69, 3.71, respectively); P < .01 for linear trend tests for both outcomes. There was no increased risk for either outcome for moderate exposure with reduction/discontinuation (trajectory C).ConclusionsWomen with sustained antidepressant exposure, especially at higher doses, were at increased risk for preeclampsia and PPH, but underlying depression and anxiety may contribute to the increased risk.
Advanced maternal age and risk of adverse perinatal outcome among women with congenital heart disease: A nationwide register‐based cohort study
Authors: Kloster Stine , Andersen Anne‐Marie Nybo , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Nielsen Dorte Guldbrand , Ersbøll Annette Kjær , Tolstrup Janne S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundWomen with maternal congenital heart disease have a higher risk of preterm birth (PTB) and giving birth to a small for gestational age (SGA) infant. Advanced maternal age (≥35 years) likewise increases the risk of PTB and SGA, probably explained by poorer cardiovascular status. It is likely that advanced maternal age is particularly detrimental in women with congenital heart disease.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine whether the pattern of higher risk of PTB and SGA with higher maternal age varied among women with and without congenital heart disease. We hypothesised that the effect of age is higher among women with congenital heart disease.MethodsWe did a cohort study using Danish nationwide registers. Births from 1997 to 2014 were included. Cox regressions were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for PTB and SGA. Universal and congenital heart disease‐specific references were used for comparison.ResultsWe included 932 772 births among 548 314 women. HRs of PTB and SGA were 1.55 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.37, 1.77) and 1.43 (95% CI 1.29, 1.58) in women with congenital heart disease as compared to women without. For both PTB and SGA, HRs were higher for women ≥35 years as compared to women aged 25‐29 years. HRs of PTB and SGA were higher among women with congenital heart disease within all strata of maternal age as compared to women without (eg 3.71, 95% CI 1.80, 7.63 vs 1.63, 95% CI 1.56, 1.70) for SGA for women aged 40‐44 years). The pattern of higher risk of PTB and SGA with higher maternal age was, however, similar among women with and without congenital heart disease.ConclusionsWomen with congenital heart disease had a higher risk of PTB and giving birth to an SGA infant at all maternal ages. These two risk factors did not, however, seem to potentiate each other.
Peer Connect Service for people with pulmonary fibrosis in Australia: Participants' experiences and process evaluation
Authors: Tikellis Gabriella , Lee Joanna Y.T. , Corte Tamera J. , Maloney Jamie , Bartlett Michael , Crawford Tonia , Glaspole Ian N. , Goh Nicole , Herrmann Kelcie , Hey‐Cunningham Alison J. , Keir Greg , Khor Yet H. , Price John , Sandford Debra G. , Spencer Lissa , Teoh Alan , Walsh Jennifer , Webster Susanne , Holland Anne E. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTBackground and objectivePeople living with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) report unmet needs for information and support. Lung Foundation Australia (LFA) have developed the Peer Connect Service to facilitate telephone support for people with PF across Australia. This project documented the experiences of participants and the resources required to support the service.MethodsConsenting participants took part in semi‐structured interviews by telephone. Primary peers (peers who agreed to initiate contact) and secondary peers (eligible patients who sought a peer match) were interviewed. Thematic analysis was undertaken by two independent researchers. Data were collected on the number of matches and contacts required to establish each match.ResultsInterviews were conducted with 32 participants (16 primary peers, 15 secondary peers and 1 who was both), aged from 53 to 89 years with 56% being male. Major themes included the value of shared experiences, providing mutual support and the importance of shared personal characteristics (e.g. gender and hobbies) in allowing information and emotional support needs to be met. Participants saw face‐to‐face contact with peers as highly desirable whilst acknowledging the practical difficulties. Primary peers were cognizant that their role was not to provide medical advice but to listen and share experiences. In the 12‐month period, 60 peer matches were made, each match requiring a minimum of seven staff contacts.ConclusionThe Peer Connect Service provides a unique opportunity for people with PF to share experiences and offer mutual support. This telephone matching model may be useful in providing peer support for individuals with rare diseases who are geographically dispersed.
Effect of autonomy support and dialogic learning on school children’s physical activity and sport
Authors: Huéscar Hernández Elisa , Andrés Fabra Jose Antonio , Moreno‐Murcia Juan Antonio 
Published: March 2020

This study applies an intervention based on autonomy support through dialogic learning to examine effects on motivation and the promotion of physical activity and sport involvement during schoolchildren’s leisure time. One hundred and two primary school students, aged 11–13 years, participated (M = 10.93, SD = 0.75). The sample was divided into two groups: an experimental group (49 students) and a control group (53 students). A quasi‐experimental study was conducted in physical education classes over the course of 9 months. Assessments of autonomy support from teachers, family, and peers; basic psychological needs; self‐determined motivation in physical education and during leisure time; planned behavior variables; physical activity intention; and estimated and actual physical exercise behavior time were included in the model. Following the intervention, the results revealed that greater autonomy support by the teacher, the family and peers, satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, self‐determined motivation during physical education class and during free time, greater perceived control, favorable attitude and intention to engage in physical activity contributed to the explanation of student physical activity involvement. These results suggest that when students receive extensive social support from diverse social agents that essential precursors to physical activity are strengthened and contribute to increased motivation and actual physical activity involvement. Efforts to promote effective communications with students and other pedagogical efforts, such as providing dialogic learning opportunities, should be considered in order to strengthen physical activity motivation and involvement in students.
Evaluating distribution and variation of strains near eyes in blinking using digital image correlation
Authors: Sakai Kasumi , Zhang Yuelin , Yoneyama Satoru , Miyazaki Yukihiro , Hanada Yoko , Nagai Yuko , Igarashi Takanori 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundStrain is occurred due to deformation such as the change of facial expression and is expected as a new evaluation approach to know the condition of skins applied to cosmetics. In this study, a noncontact in‐site method by using digital image correlation for measuring the strain on the skin surface near the eyes where deformation always occurs by blinking is proposed. In this method, skin microrelief and irregularities are utilized for the measurement.Materials and MethodsImages on the skin surface below the eyes of the four female subjects are pictured during a blink using high‐speed cameras. The principal strains as well as the principal directions are obtained using digital image correlation. The reference updating algorism is used when the movement of the skin surface due to blink is large, and the eyelashes elimination algorism is used when the long eyelashes hide their skin surface in an image. The strain distributions in the local area below the right eye and the time histories of the strain near the eye under several skin conditions are evaluated for each subject.ResultsThe strain can be obtained for each subject under each condition and the different strain distributions and time histories under different condition are visualized.ConclusionThe individual behavior of the subject and the different condition of the skin can be captured by the proposed method.
Guidance on development and operation of Young Persons’ Advisory Groups
Authors: Chan Winnie , Thurairajah Pravheen , Butcher Nancy , Oosterwijk Cor , Wever Kim , Eichler Irmgard , Thompson Charles , Junker Anne , Offringa Martin , Preston Jennifer 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundEngaging patients and the public as collaborators in research is increasingly recognised as important as such partnerships can help improve research relevance and acceptability. Young Persons’ Advisory Groups (YPAGs) provide a forum for clinical researchers and triallists to engage with children and young people on issues relevant to the design, conduct and translation of paediatric clinical trials. Until fairly recently, there was very little information available to guide the successful development and operation of YPAGs.ObjectiveTo develop an evidence-based tool to guide clinical researchers and triallists in the establishment and operation of a YPAG.MethodsAn online needs assessment survey was conducted using SurveyMonkey with 60 known paediatric drug researchers to identify knowledge gaps around YPAG engagement, development and operation. Semistructured interviews with founders and coordinators of five well-established existing YPAGs and a review of the literature were performed to identify best-practice processes for starting up and operating YPAG.ResultsThe majority of 12 survey respondents (20%) from 12 different centres indicated that while they felt YPAGs could benefit their research, guidance on how to develop and operate a YPAG was needed. Most preferred a web-based guidance tool. Ten core steps in starting up and operating a YPAG were identified and developed into an online YPAG guidance tool, now freely accessible for use by paediatric clinical researchers worldwide. Plans to evaluate the impact are in place.ConclusionsThis novel tool, developed with an internationally based group of public involvement leads working across paediatric clinical research areas, provides harmonised guidance for researchers seeking to develop and operate YPAGs to help improve the quality and impact of paediatric clinical research studies.