bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mobile Phone–Based Support Intervention to Increase Use of Postabortion Family Planning in Cambodia: Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation
Authors: Hill Jeremy , McGinn Jourdan , Cairns John , Free Caroline , Smith Chris 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundDespite progress over the last decade, there is a continuing unmet need for contraception in Cambodia. Interventions delivered by mobile phone could help increase uptake and continuation of contraception, particularly among hard-to-reach populations, by providing interactive personalized support inexpensively wherever the person is located and whenever needed.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of mobile phone–based support added to standard postabortion family planning care in Cambodia, according to the results of the MOTIF (MObile Technology for Improved Family planning) trial.MethodsA model was created to estimate the costs and effects of the intervention versus standard care. We adopted a societal perspective when estimating costs, including direct and indirect costs for users. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was calculated for the base case, as well as a deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis, which we compared against a range of likely cost-effectiveness thresholds.ResultsThe incremental cost of mobile phone–based support was estimated to be an additional US $8160.49 per 1000 clients, leading to an estimated 518 couple-years of protection (CYPs) gained per 1000 clients and 99 disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) averted. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was US $15.75 per additional CYP and US $82.57 per DALY averted. The model was most sensitive to personnel and mobile service costs. Assuming a range of cost-effectiveness thresholds from US $58 to US $176 for Cambodia, the probability of the intervention being cost-effective ranged from 11% to 95%.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the cost-effectiveness of the intervention delivered by mobile phone assessed in the MOTIF trial lies within the estimated range of the cost-effectiveness threshold for Cambodia. When assessing value in interventions to improve the uptake and adherence of family planning services, the use of interactive mobile phone messaging and counselling for women who have had an abortion should be considered as an option by policy makers.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01823861; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01823861
A Possible Mobile Health Solution in Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery: Development Protocol and User Evaluation of the Ankle Joint App
Authors: Dittrich Florian , Back David Alexander , Harren Anna Katharina , Jäger Marcus , Landgraeber Stefan , Reinecke Felix , Beck Sascha 
Published: December 2019

Background
Ankle sprains are one of the most frequent sports injuries. With respect to the high prevalence of ankle ligament injuries and patients’ young age, optimizing treatment and rehabilitation is mandatory to prevent future complications such as chronic ankle instability or osteoarthritis.

Objective
In modern times, an increasing amount of smartphone usage in patient care is evident. Studies investigating mobile health (mHealth)–based rehabilitation programs after ankle sprains are rare. The aim of this study was to expose any issues present in the development process of a medical app as well as associated risks and chances.

Methods
The development process of the Ankle Joint App was defined in chronological order using a protocol. The app’s quality was evaluated using the (user) German Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS-G) by voluntary foot and ankle surgeons (n=20) and voluntary athletes (n=20).

Results
A multidisciplinary development team built a hybrid app with a corresponding backend structure. The app’s content provides actual medical literature, training videos, and a log function. Excellent interrater reliability (interrater reliability=0.92; 95% CI 0.86-0.96) was obtained. The mean overall score for the Ankle Joint App was 4.4 (SD 0.5). The mean subjective quality scores were 3.6 (surgeons: SD 0.7) and 3.8 (athletes: SD 0.5). Behavioral change had mean scores of 4.1 (surgeons: SD 0.7) and 4.3 (athletes: SD 0.7). The medical gain value, rated by the surgeons only, was 3.9 (SD 0.6).

Conclusions
The data obtained demonstrate that mHealth-based rehabilitation programs might be a useful tool for patient education and collection of personal data. The achieved (user) MARS-G scores support a high quality of the tested app. Medical app development with an a priori defined target group and a precisely intended purpose, in a multidisciplinary team, is highly promising. Follow-up studies are required to obtain funded evidence for the ankle joints app’s effects on economical and medical aspects in comparison with established nondigital therapy paths.
Influence of Organizational Issues on Nurse Administrators’ Support to Staff Nurses’ Use of Smartphones for Work Purposes in the Philippines: Focus Group Study
Authors: Bautista John Robert , Lin Trisha T C , Theng Yin-Leng 
Published: December 2019

Background
Studies show that nurses use their own smartphones for work purposes, and there are several organizational issues related to this. However, it is unclear what these organizational issues are in the Philippines and the influence they have on nurse administrators’ (ie, superiors) support to staff nurses’ (ie, subordinates) use of smartphones for work purposes.

Objective
Drawing from the Organizational Support Theory (OST), this study aimed to identify organizational issues that influence nurse administrators’ support to staff nurses’ use of smartphones for work purposes.

Methods
Between June and July 2017, 9 focus groups with 43 nurse administrators (ie, head nurses, nurse supervisors, and nurse managers) were conducted in 9 tertiary-level general hospitals in Metro Manila, the Philippines. Drawing from OST, issues were classified as those that encouraged or inhibited nurse administrators to support nurses’ use of smartphones for work purposes.

Results
Nurse administrators were encouraged to support nurses’ use of smartphones for work purposes when (1) personal smartphones are superior to workplace technologies, (2) personal smartphones resolve unit phone problems, and (3) policy is unrealistic to implement. Conversely, issues that inhibited nurse administrators to support nurses’ use of smartphones for work purposes include (1) smartphone use for nonwork purposes and (2) misinterpretation by patients.

Conclusions
Nurse administrators in the Philippines faced several organizational issues that encouraged or inhibited support to staff nurses’ use of smartphones for work purposes. Following OST, the extent of their support can influence staff nurses’ perceived organizational support on the use of smartphones for work purposes, Overall, the findings highlight the role and implication of organizational support in the context of smartphone consumerization in hospital settings, especially in developing countries.
Empty Fruit Bunches as Potential Source for Biosilica Fertilizer for Oil Palm
Authors: Santi Laksmita Prima , Kalbuadi Donny Nugroho , Goenadi Didiek Hadjar 
Published: December 2019

In Indonesia, the development of oil palm plantations has been going on a pervasive way; they covered about 14.03 million hectares in 2017. This massive coverage of land might then generate a tremendous amount of biomass per year, both in the form of both solid and liquid wastes. The processing of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) in palm oil mill (POM) produces wastes that primarily in the form of empty fruit bunches (EFB), which is amounting of up to 25% (w/w) of FFB. It has been being indicated that EFB contains a considerable amount of silica (Si) which attracts the Indonesian Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioindustry (IRIBB) to investigate the potential use of EFB as a source of bio-available Si, in the form of H4SiO4 (mono silicic acid, BioSilAc). The experiment was carried out at Sungai Mirah Minting Estate, PT Bumitama Gunajaya Agro-Central Kalimantan. The EFB material was obtained from POM and chopped into 2.5-5.0 cm in size. A four-week bio-decomposition process was employed by using bio-decomposers containing Trichoderma pseudokoningii, T. polysporum, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Chemical analyses of composted EFB were conducted before and 28-days after decomposer application. The presence of Si in the compost was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of Si-containing EFB compost on the immature and mature oil palm was evaluated. Seven treatments, i.e. combination of EFB compost and BioSilAc application with reduced-dosages of NPK fertilisers were arranged in a random block design with three replicates. The results show that large quantities of silica bodies attached to the surface of EFB fibres and amounting to 0.44% soluble Si. The FFB data indicated that the application of 75% NPK + 500 kg composted EFB + 2 L BioSilAc/ha/year on a five-year-old plant resulted in higher yield than that obtained from 100% standard dosage of NPK. The study also revealed that the application of EFB compost reduced 50% of BioSilAc dosage.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF MARINE SPONGE CALLYSPONGIA SP. AND ITS ACUTE TOXICITY
Authors: ADRYAN FRISTIOHADY  , WAHYUNI WAHYUNI  , FADHLIYAH MALIK  , LA ODE MUHAMMAD JULIAN PURNAMA  , BARU SADARUN  , SAHIDIN I  
Published: December 2019

Objective: This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the ethanolic extract of Callyspongia sp. using stabilization of the human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane method and its acute toxicity using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method.
Methods: Callyspongia sp. was macerated with 96% ethanol. Extract characterized and screened for the secondary metabolite. Anti-inflammatory activity by stabilization of the HRBC membrane method with a varied dose of 50 ppm; 100 ppm; 200 ppm; 400 ppm; 800 ppm; 1600 ppm; and 3200 ppm. Solutions observed using a photometer to describing stability and ability in preventing membranes hemolytic and statistically analyzed using SPSS. Acute toxicity carried out by the BSLT method and analyzed using Minitab®ver. 17.2.1.
Results: The phytochemical screening was indicating that Callyspongia sp. contains flavonoid, alkaloid, and terpenoid. The results of the anti-inflammatory activity test showed that the percentage value of stability and hemolysis of extracts with doses of 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200 ppm were 55% and 45%, 63% and 37%, 70% and 30%, 74% and 26%, 80% and 20%, 87% and 13%, and 97% and 3%, respectively. It showed that extract of sponge Callyspongia sp. in all varied dose has activity in stabilizing the HRBC membrane thus can be potential as an anti-inflammatory. The results of acute toxicity assay showed that the value of LC50 was 1281.45 μg/ml and categorized as nontoxic to Artemia salina Leach.
Conclusion: Various concentrations of Callyspongia sp. effective as an anti-inflammatory in stabilizing HRBC, and categorized as safe.
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BALIOSPERMUM MONTANUM (WILLD.) MUELL. ARG.
Authors: RAVEESHA HR  , SUSHMA BK  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of the leaf, stem, root, and stem-derived callus extracts of Baliospermum montanum.
Methods: An in vitro regeneration protocol was developed for the induction of callus from stem segments cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combination of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 6-furfurylaminopurine (KIN), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The total phenol, flavonoid, and tannin content were determined according to standard methods. The antioxidant activity of methanolic extract was evaluated using 2, 2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assays.
Results: The maximum callus induction was observed on MS medium supplemented with a combination of KIN (0.5 mg/L) + BAP (3.0 mg/L). Methanolic extract of root and aqueous extract of leaf exhibited higher content of phenols. Whereas total flavonoids and tannin were maximum in methanolic extract of leaf compared to other extracts. The methanolic extract of B. montanum leaf had greater antioxidant activity than stem, root, and callus by DPPH and reducing power assays.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that the methanolic extracts of B. montanum showed potent free radical scavenging activity. Further studies are necessary for isolation and characterization of phytochemical compounds.
ALTERATION IN RENAL FUNCTION FOLLOWING LOOP DIURETICS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE DECOMPENSATED HEART FAILURE
Authors: PRUDENCE A RODRIGUES  , SOUMYA GK  , NADIA GRACE BUNSHAW  , SARANYA N  , SUJITH K  , SHANMUGA SUNDARAM R  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The objective of the study was to monitor the impact of loop diuretic therapy in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and to assess other predictors of renal dysfunction in patients with ADHF.
Methods: An observational study over a period of 6 months from January 2018 to June 2018 in the Department of Cardiology, in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu. Patients on diuretic therapy (loop diuretic) were enrolled. Patients with prior chronic kidney disease were excluded from the study. The patients were evaluated based on change in serum creatinine (SCr) and other contributing factors were assessed by acute kidney injury network and worsening of renal function criteria.
Results: A total of 135 patients were enrolled, of which 73% were males and 27% were females. The mean age of the subjects was 61.55±13 years. The baseline means SCr was 1.62±0.92 mg/dl. On evaluation, 41% were really affected and 59% remain unaffected. Factors such as hypertension (p=0.047) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) (p=0.023) were found to be significant predictors of renal injury.
Conclusion: Variation in renal function in ADHF patients was multifactorial. The direct influence of loop diuretics on renal function was present but was not well established. Hypertension and ACE-I have found to show influence in the development of renal injury as contributing factors. There exists both positive and negative consequence of loop diuretics on renal function.
STUDY ON THE ASSOCIATION OF OBESITY INDICES WITH INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN PRE-DIABETES AND DIABETES
Authors: PRADEEP KUMAR  , SHAILAZA SHRESTHA  , MAHENDRA PRASAD  , PREETI SHARMA  , MOHIT  
Published: December 2019

Objective: In this study, the main objective was to evaluate the association of markers of obesity with the inflammatory markers in pre-diabetes and diabetes.
Methods: This study recruited 300 participants (100 control group, 100 pre-diabetic group, and 100 diabetic group). The anthropometric variables such as body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and waist circumference (WC), and biochemical variables such as fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, uric acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and adiponectin were analyzed in each participant by standard methods.
Results: The present study documented significantly high values of BMI and WHR in patient (pre-diabetic and diabetic) groups compared to the control group. Similarly, the level of adiponectin decreased and that of uric acid, CRP, fibrinogen, and IL-6 increased significantly. Both BMI and WC were correlated significantly with inflammatory mediators in diabetic patients. The correlation with adiponectin was negative. In the pre-diabetic group, a significant correlation was observed only between WHR, adiponectin, and uric acid.
Conclusion: This study supports the fact that obesity-induced systemic inflammation of low grade is significantly associated with pre-diabetes and diabetes, thereby keeping these individuals at high risk of future complications especially cardiovascular diseases.
TERATOGENICITY TESTING OF SIDDHA FORMULATION OF NILAVEMBU KUDINEER ON ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO) EMBRYO
Authors: SHANMUGAPRIYA P  , ELANSEKARAN S  , RAMAMURTHY M  , JEEVA GLADYS R  , SIVARAMAN D  , CHRISTIAN GJ  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the teratogenic effect of Nilavembu Kudineer (NVK) by testing in zebrafish embryo (Danio rerio).
Methods: The study consisted of 30 embryos/culture plate/dose concentration containing a series of diluted decoction of NVK ranging from 10 μg to 640 μg/ml, and the embryo development was monitored at specific time points. The parameters such as developmental abnormality and adverse events were monitored at 24 hourly intervals for 96 h.
Results: The study results showed 100% hatching and survival of embryos with no significant abnormalities in the extension of study from 96 to 120 h post-fertilization examinations.
Conclusion: NVK did not have teratogenic potential on testing it in various concentrations on zebrafish embryos validating its safety during pregnancy.
STABILITY-INDICATING METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE ESTIMATION OF ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM IN BULK AND TABLET FORMULATION BY REVERSE-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: SAILAJA B  , SRAVANA KUMARI K  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The present work was focused on the development and validation of reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method which is simple, rapid, precise, accurate, sensitive, economical, and stability indicating for the quantitation of rosuvastatin calcium in bulk and tablet formulation.
Methods: The separation was attained on Waters Symmetry C18 column with dimensions 150×4.6 mm, 5 mm particle size employing 0.1% orthophosphoric acid buffer:acetonitrile in the ratio of 55:45% v/v as mobile phase, which was pumped at a rate of 1.0 ml/min and detected at a wavelength of 241 nm.
Results: The linearity of the method was demonstrated in the concentration range of 2–12 μg/ml for rosuvastatin calcium with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.999, percentage drug recovery was found to be 100.22–101.16%, and percentage relative standard deviation <2. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation values were found to be 0.013 μg/ml and 0.042 μg/ml, respectively, and assay of marketed tablet formulation was found to be 99.76%.
Conclusion: The developed RP-HPLC method was found to be simple, specific, sensitive, rapid, linear, accurate, precise, and economical and could be used for regular quality control of rosuvastatin calcium in bulk and tablet formulation.
STABILITY-INDICATING REVERSE-PHASE HIGH- PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF SOFOSBUVIR AND DACLATASVIR IN PURE AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION
Authors: SWETHA A  , RAMYA KUBER B  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop a novel, simple, sensitive, accurate, precise, and stability-indicating reverse-phase (RP) liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous estimation of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in pure and pharmaceutical formulation.
Methods: In the present work, chromatographic separation was done using stationary-phase discovery column (250 mm×4.6 mm; 5 μm particle size) and mobile phase consisting of 0.1N potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate buffer:acetonitrile (55:45, v/v), with the flow rate of 1 ml/min, and the detection of column effluents was achieved with photodiode array at 260 nm.
Results: The retention time of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir was found to be 2.32 min and 3.06 min, respectively. Stability-indicating studies were conducted according to the guidelines of International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q1A R2, and validation of the method was done as per the ICH guidelines Q2R1. The linearity of the method was in the concentration range of 100–600 μg/ml and 15–90 μg/ml for sofosbuvir and daclatasvir, respectively. The correlation coefficients were found to be 0.9996 and 0.9996 for sofosbuvir and daclatasvir, respectively. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.19 μg/ml and 0.59 μg/ml for sofosbuvir and 0.02 μg/ml and 0.05 μg/ml for daclatasvir, respectively.
Conclusion: The stability-indicating RP high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method was novel, simple, precise, accurate, and sensitive for simultaneous estimation of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. Hence, the developed method was adopted for qualitative and quantitative analysis of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir in pure and pharmaceutical formulations.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NEVIRAPINE LOADED AMORPHOUS SOLID DISPERSIONS FOR SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT
Authors: GAGANDEEP SINGH  , NAVJOT SINGH  , RANDEEP KUMAR  , NEENA BEDI  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The present study entails the development of nevirapine (NVP)-loaded solid dispersions for improvement of solubility and in vitro profile.
Methods: Solid dispersions were prepared through blending with a hydrophilic polymer and Vitamin E tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) using the solvent evaporation method. The optimized formulations were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and morphological investigations by scanning electron microscopy. The optimized formulation was converted into fast dissolving tablets (FDTs) through direct compression technique and was characterized for pre- and post-compression parameters. Both amorphous dispersions and FDTs were evaluated for in vitro drug release.
Results: NVP showed pH-dependent solubility in different pH media. Above 0.002% w/v Vitamin E TPGS, a linear relationship was observed between the NVP solubility and Vitamin E TPGS concentration. According to the study, the most suitable formulation was NVP:Vitamin E TPGS (1:0.75) in 30 ml solvent with a drug release of 82.96% in 2 h. The analysis of dissolution data of optimized formulation indicated the best fitting with the Higuchi model. FDTs exhibited faster drug release of about 50% in 5 min indicating desired attributes for the immediate dosage form.
Conclusion: The present study vouches for better in vitro profile of NVP from solid dispersion based FDTs.
Research Article LEAVES EXTRACT-BASED BIOGENIC SYNTHESIS OF CUPRIC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES, CHARACTERIZATIONS, AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: YASHWANI PRAKASH  
Published: December 2019

Objectives: Tulsi (Ocimum tenuiflorum) leaves extract-based synthesis of cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs), characterizations, and antimicrobial activity.
Methods: The small cut leaves were washed with double distilled water and boiled for 30 min. After filtration, the extract was treated with 0.2 M copper acetate solution and the initial color change of this solution indicated formation of copper nanoparticles. This solution was stirred for a specific time, heated and treated with 0.1 M NaOH solution. The formation of CuONPs was confirmed by the development of brownish-black precipitates. Then, CuONPs have been tested for their antibacterial effects by applying well diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, Proteus vulgaris, and Staphylococcus aureus.
Results: The biologically synthesized CuONPs have been well characterized by using ultraviolet-visible, Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray powder diffraction, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy techniques and all these analytical methods indicated a successful and efficient formation of CuONPs. After the incubation period, significant zones of inhibition were observed for E. coli, S. mutans, P. vulgaris, and S. aureus.
Conclusions: The method was found highly efficient, eco-friendly, and low cost for the synthesis of biologically important CuONPs. The CuONPs have been found an excellent antibacterial agent.