bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specific Risk of Radiogenic Cancer for Professionals
Authors: Demin V. , Biryukov A. , Sedankin M. , Solov'ev V. 
Published: April 2020

Purpose: Analysis of the dependence of the probability of death due to radiogenic cancer on the dose level, on the nature of exposure to ionizing radiation (IR), on age when exposed to IR and on the age of its effect, etc., to support decisions on medical and social measures to protect workers in hazardous industries.
Material and methods: Calculation formulas for risk assessment are given using the multiplicative and additive risk models for one-time and extended exposure to IR. Medical and demographic data for the urban population of the Chelyabinsk region for 1989 were taken as necessary baseline data for risk assessment. The risk was calculated using the combined BEIR VII and EPA models.
Results: The risk is calculated in terms of annual or lifetime risk of death from spontaneous and radiogenic solid cancer for two scenarios of occupational exposure to IR (single and extended), for a set dose of 0.5; 1; 2 Sv and different ages of survival of a person who started work in production at the age of 20.
Conclusions: 1. For small and moderate doses (D ≤ 1 Sv), prolonged exposure in the age range of 20–30 years leads to less risk than with short-term exposure at the age of 20 years with the same dose. This effect is absent for irradiation after 30 years. 2. The risk of death from spontaneous solid cancer is somewhat less for exposed people than for non-exposed people. Reason: radiogenic cancer begins to compete with spontaneous one. 3. With relatively small integral doses (< 1 Sv), the radiogenic risk linearly depends on the dose. At moderate and high doses (≥ 1 Sv), for continuous extended exposure the dose dependence becomes nonlinear. 4. The probability of causation of death from radiogenic solid cancer for older people and for doses of D ≥ 1 Sv becomes significant, especially for women (30 % and more in relation to spontaneous solid cancer). 5. The lifetime risk of radiogenic cancer from the dose received at working age decreases significantly with age when it reaches 60 years of age.
Consumer Return Policies in Omnichannel Operations
Authors: Nageswaran Leela , Cho Soo-Haeng , Scheller-Wolf Alan 
Published: April 2020

We study the pricing and return policy decisions of an omnichannel retailer serving customers who differ in how they realize their uncertain valuation for a product—by inspecting in store before purchase or by purchasing online and possibly returning misfit products. Customers may return misfit products either to stores for a full refund or online as per the firm’s return policy. We model prices to be identical across channels, allow crosschannel returns, and endogenize customers’ purchase and return decisions, capturing typical features of an omnichannel setting. Our analysis helps explain why some omnichannel firms choose full refunds, whereas others charge a fee for online returns. We find that omnichannel firms with good salvage partners for online returns (e.g., Nordstrom) as well as those with more store-based customers (e.g., Macy’s) should offer full refunds. Similarly, firms are incentivized to offer full refunds for products that customers are more likely to inspect in store (e.g., Express for footwear). In contrast, firms with a significant store network and better in-store salvage opportunities (e.g., J.C. Penney) might be better off charging a fee for online returns in order to nudge customers to return in store. Finally, an omnichannel firm should be cautious both in making the return process more convenient and in improving accessibility to its stores, because these seemingly beneficial policies, if combined with a partial-refund policy, could undermine the firm’s overall profit. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
Degree distance and Gutman index of two graph products
Authors: SEDGHI Shaban , SHOBE Nabi 
Published: April 2020

The degree distance was introduced by Dobrynin, Kochetova and
Gutman as a weighted version of the Wiener index. In this paper,
we investigate the degree distance and Gutman index of complete,
and strong product graphs by using the adjacency and
distance matrices of a graph.
Trace forms of certain subfields of cyclotomic fields and applications
Authors: JOSÉ FERRARI Agnaldo , APARECIDO DE ANDRADE Antonio , RICARDO DE ARAUJO Robson , CARMELO INTERLANDO José 
Published: April 2020

In this work, we present a explicit trace forms for maximal real subfields of cyclotomic fields as tools for constructing algebraic lattices in Euclidean space with optimal center density. We also obtain a closed formula for the Gram matrix of algebraic lattices obtained from these subfields.	The obtained lattices are rotated versions of the lattices $ \Lambda_9, \Lambda_{10}$ and $\Lambda_{11}$ and they are images of $\mathbb{Z}$-submodules of rings of integers under the twisted homomorphism, and these constructions, as algebraic lattices, are new in the literature. We also obtain algebraic lattices in odd dimensions up to $7$ over real subfields, calculate their minimum product distance and compare with those known in literatura, since lattices constructed over real subfields have full diversity.
Computing the zero forcing number for generalized Petersen graphs
Authors: RASHİDİ Saeedeh , SHAJAREH POURSALAVATI Nosratollah , TAVAKKOLI Maryam 
Published: April 2020

Let $G$ be a simple undirected graph with each vertex colored
either white or black, $ u $ be a black vertex of $ G, $ and
exactly one neighbor $ v $ of $ u $ be white. Then change the
color of $ v $ to black. When this rule is applied, we say $ u $
forces $ v, $ and write $ u \rightarrow v $.	A $zero\ forcing\ set$ of a graph $ G$ is a
subset $Z$ of vertices such that if initially the vertices in $ Z $ are colored
black and remaining vertices
are colored white, the entire graph $ G $ may be colored black
by repeatedly applying the
color-change rule.
The zero forcing number of $ G$, denoted $Z(G), $ is the minimum size of a
zero forcing set.\\
In this paper, we investigate the zero forcing number for the generalized Petersen graphs (It is denoted by $P(n,k)$). We obtain upper and lower bounds for the zero forcing number for $P(n,k)$. We show that $Z(P(n,2))=6$ for $n\geq 10$, $Z(P(n,3))=8$ for $n\geq 12$ and $Z(P(2k+1,k))=6$ for $k\geq 5$.
Deep neural network-assisted high-accuracy microwave instantaneous frequency measurement with a photonic scanning receiver
Authors: Zhou Yuewen , Zhang Fangzheng , Shi Jingzhan , Pan Shilong 
Published: April 2020

A microwave instantaneous frequency measurement system with a photonic scanning receiver is proposed in which deep neural network (DNN)-assisted frequency estimation is used to deal with the system defects and improve the accuracy. The system performs frequency-to-time mapping by optical-domain frequency scanning and electrical-domain intermediate frequency envelop detection. Thanks to the optical frequency multiplication, the system can measure high frequency signals in a large spectral range. The DNN establishes an accurate mapping between the digital samples and real frequencies, based on which high-accuracy measurement is achieved. The measurement of signals from 43 to 52 GHz is experimentally demonstrated. Compared with the direct measurements, the DNN-assisted method achieves obviously reduced average errors of about 3.2 MHz.
AUTOMATIC EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION (AEOI) DAN PENGHINDARAN PAJAK
Authors: Ispriyarso Budi 
Published: April 2020

AEOI (Automatic Exchange Of Information) merupakan sistem yang mendukung adanya pertukaran informasi rekening wajib pajak antar negara. pada waktu tertentu secara periodik, sistematis, dan berkesinambungan dari negara sumber penghasilan atau tempat menyimpan kekayaan, kepada negara residen wajib pajak. Adanya AEOI ini dilatarbelakangi banyaknya penghindaran pajak yang dilakukan wajib pajak. Permasalahannya adalah (1) Bagaimana penghindaran pajak dilakukan wajib pajak di Indonesia (2) bagaimana peranan AEOI dalam mencegah atau mengurangi penghindaran pajak. Penghindaran pajak dilakukan wajib pajak melalui tax avoidance dan tax evasion. Peranan AEOI dalam mencegah atau mengurangi penghindaran pajak sangat penting, karena dengan adanya sistim ini, wajib pajak yang membuka rekening di negara lain akan terlacak secara langsung oleh otoritas pajak negara asal. Sistem ini juga akan berguna mengurangi pengemplang pajak untuk menghindari pajak, karena negara-negara yang ikut tergabung sistem ini, semakin banyak.
Interlimb Asymmetries: Are Thresholds a Usable Concept?
Authors: Bishop Chris 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
The concept of thresholds has commonly appeared in the literature for the topic of interlimb asymmetry. However, with an abundance of literature showing asymmetry to be task- and metric-specific, the use of thresholds seems flawed. When computed, practitioners are often left with a percentage figure and it is not always entirely obvious how to interpret this value. This article aims to provide practitioners with some guidelines on meaningful ways to use and interpret interlimb asymmetry data.
The Frog Motor Nerve Terminal Has Very Brief Action Potentials and Three Electrical Regions Predicted to Differentially Control Transmitter Release
Authors: Ginebaugh Scott P. , Cyphers Eric D. , Lanka Viswanath , Ortiz Gloria , Miller Evan W. , Laghaei Rozita , Meriney Stephen D. 
Published: April 2020

The action potential (AP) waveform controls the opening of voltage-gated calcium channels and contributes to the driving force for calcium ion flux that triggers neurotransmission at presynaptic nerve terminals. Although the frog neuromuscular junction (NMJ) has long been a model synapse for the study of neurotransmission, its presynaptic AP waveform has never been directly studied, and thus the AP waveform shape and propagation through this long presynaptic nerve terminal are unknown. Using a fast voltage-sensitive dye, we have imaged the AP waveform from the presynaptic terminal of male and female frog NMJs and shown that the AP is very brief in duration and actively propagated along the entire length of the terminal. Furthermore, based on measured AP waveforms at different regions along the length of the nerve terminal, we show that the terminal is divided into three distinct electrical regions: A beginning region immediately after the last node of Ranvier where the AP is broadest, a middle region with a relatively consistent AP duration, and an end region near the tip of nerve terminal branches where the AP is briefer. We hypothesize that these measured changes in the AP waveform along the length of the motor nerve terminal may explain the proximal-distal gradient in transmitter release previously reported at the frog NMJ.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe AP waveform plays an essential role in determining the behavior of neurotransmission at the presynaptic terminal. Although the frog NMJ is a model synapse for the study of synaptic transmission, there are many unknowns centered around the shape and propagation of its presynaptic AP waveform. Here, we demonstrate that the presynaptic terminal of the frog NMJ has a very brief AP waveform and that the motor nerve terminal contains three distinct electrical regions. We propose that the changes in the AP waveform as it propagates along the terminal can explain the proximal-distal gradient in transmitter release seen in electrophysiological studies.
Thermo-rheological analysis of WMA-additive modified binders
Authors: Abed Ahmed , Thom Nick , Lo Presti Davide , Airey Gordon 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThermo-rheological characteristics of unmodified and modified bitumen have significant impacts on the mechanical response of asphalt. This study investigates the impacts of an organic and a chemical Warm Mix Asphalt additive on bitumen thermo-rheological and mechanical characteristics. Modified binders with different concentrations of each additive were studied and analysed comparatively to a 40/60 penetration grade bitumen. Frequency sweep tests were performed at different ageing levels to characterise the Linear Viscoelastic properties. The multiple stress creep and recovery, linear amplitude sweep (LAS) and low temperature creep stiffness tests, together with the Glover–Rowe (G–R) fatigue parameter (determined from fitting of the 2S2P1D model to the complex shear modulus and phase angle master curves) were used to analyse the performance of the binders at critical operating temperatures. The results demonstrated the necessity to analyse the behavior of the studied binders beyond the limits of linear viscoelasticity to better characterise these types of bitumen. The results also indicated that both additives retarded bitumen ageing with the organic additive increasing bitumen elastic response while the chemical additive increased its viscous response. The results also showed an excellent correlation between the G–R parameter and LAS results which suggests the ability to use this parameter in characterising fatigue performance of the studied binders. This also suggests that bitumen fatigue life may be improving over time due to the increased elastic behahviour during ageing so long as a certain critical level of ageing is not reached.
Efficacy and safety of anticoagulant treatment for non-valvular atrial fibrillation in multimorbid patients
Authors: Izmozherova N. V. , Popov A. A. , Bakhtin V. M. 
Published: April 2020

Objective. Assessment of the safety and efficacy of anticoagulant treatment in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) in a multimorbidity setting.Materials and Methods. The cross-sectional study included 104 patients diagnosed with nonvalvular AF and followed in the medical facilities of Yekaterinburg. The subjects were interviewed, anthropometric measurements were made, and the risk of thromboembolic complications was evaluated using the CHA2DS2-VASc score. The Charlson multimorbidity index was calculated, and patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 with a low level of multimorbidity (not more than 5 points) and Group 2 with a high level of multimorbidity (6 points or more). The data are presented as a median and interquartile range (25%; 75%).Results.The study population included 40 males and 64 females. The median age was 71 (62.5; 80) years. The level of multimorbidity was estimated as 5 (3; 6) points. Group 1 included 64 patients, and Group 2 included 40 patients. Thirty-nine percent of the sample patients had a paroxysmal form of AF, 10% had a persistent form, and 51% had permanent AF. The group of patients with a high level of multimorbidity included more patients with permanent AF and fewer patients with paroxysmal AF as compared with a moderate level of multimorbidity (p<0.01). Anticoagulant treatment was indicated for 92 (88.5%) patients. It was administered to 70.7% of patients; 29.3% did not receive it. Among patients receiving anticoagulants, warfarin was administered to 18.5%, and new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were administered to 81.5%. Complications were reported in 15.2% of anticoagulant treatment cases. Bleeding was reported in 21.7% of cases of warfarin administration and 12.5% of cases of NOAC treatment (p=0.32). The median number of risk factors for bleeding per patient was 5 (4; 5.5). The Charlson index and the total number of risk factors are significantly correlated (R=0.37, p<0.05).Conclusion. In real-world clinical practice in Ekaterinburg, Russia, 7 of 10 patients with AF for whom anticoagulant treatment was indicated actually received it; NOACs are prescribed four times more often than warfarin. With a higher level of multimorbidity, the risk of bleeding under the pressure of anticoagulant treatment increases; thus, NOACs should be preferred over warfarin for treatment of multimorbid patients.
Effect of Low Dose Lignocaine Injection in the Treatment of Post Stroke Pain: A Case Report
Authors: Adabala Vijay , Talawar Praveen , Kuma Ajit 
Published: April 2020

Pain experienced after a stroke is one of the worst experience for a given patient. Post stroke pain can present in various forms of which central post stroke pain (CPSP) is a neuropathic pain involving the area affected during the stroke. Till date there were different classes of medication used to treat CPSP without any promising results. This indirectly indicates so many mechanisms were included in these patients resulting in pain. We would like report a case of CPSP successfully treated in our institute with low dose lignocaine injection peripherally. We would like to conclude that the afferent sensory input from the painful area plays a role in maintaining the spontaneous (and the evoked) pain in CPSP which are getting blocked by giving low dose lignocaine injection peripherally. Further studies will be required to establish this novel treatment.
Evaluating the Immunoreactivity of Ailanthus Altissima (the Tree of Heaven) Pollen Extract in Atopic Patients
Authors: Samei Azam , Fallahpour Morteza , Bolouri , Mohammad Reza , Mahmoudi Ahmad-Reza , Nasri Farzad , Seif Farhad , Khoshmirsafa Majid , Batooli Hossien , Shekarabi Mehdi , Falak Reza 
Published: April 2020

IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction to pollens is a common health problem in atopic patients. In this regard, the assessment of the allergenicity of highly pollinating plants would be demanding. Based on the increment of Ailanthus altissima (A. altissima) tree in some parts of Iran and considering its probable role in respiratory allergy, in this study, we aimed to investigate its IgE-immunoreactivity and in diagnostic applications.
One hundred and twenty-five allergic rhinitis patients who were diagnosed as high IgE responders and demonstrated seasonal rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis, as well as 20 healthy controls (HCs) with no allergic symptoms, were enrolled in this study. Total protein extract was prepared from A. altissima pollens and subjected to quality control experiments and finally used in ELISA and western blotting studies.
Approximately 24% of the atopic patients (30 from 125) showed positive immunoreactivity to A. altissima extract. The median (IQR) of absorbance (450 nm) of the specific IgE against A. altissima pollen extract in HCs and positive groups were 0.33 (0.28-0.42) and 0.59 (0.36-0.79), respectively (p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis of the specific ELISA results, revealed a cut-off value of 0.46 and a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 100%. Western blotting with the sera positive cases revealed that the main immunoreactive proteins range from 10 to 70 kDa.
This study revealed that some of A. altissima pollen proteins ranging from 10 to 70 kDa show IgE-reactivity in atopic patients and may play a role in their allergic reaction symptoms.
The Effects of Evening Primrose/Hemp Seed Oil Compared to Rapamycin on the Gene Expression of Immunological Parameters in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Splenocytes
Authors: Rezapour-Firouzi Soheila , Mohammadian Mahshid , Sadeghzadeh Maryam , Mehranfar Sahar , Mazloomi Ebrahim 
Published: April 2020

Mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS) is used for the inflammatory demyelinating disease. Rapamycin (RAPA) may contribute to the reduction of inflammatory responses to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Due to its adverse side effects, identifying new therapeutic agents is important. We investigated the transcriptional effects of evening primrose/hemp seed oil (EP/HS oil) compared to RAPA on the expression of immunological factors genes in spleen cells of EAE mouse models.
We firstly induced EAE mice by injection of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). Then, the EAE mice treated and untreated with EP/HS oil were evaluated and compared with naïve mice. The spinal cords were examined histologically. The immunological factors including genes expression of the regulatory-associated protein of mammalian target of rapamycin (RAPTOR), regulatory-associated companion of mammalian target of rapamycin (RICTOR), interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-10, signal transducer and activator of transcription factors (STAT3), forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), and IL-17 of splenocytes were evaluated by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
The data showed that EP/HS oil was able to reduce the severity of EAE and inhibited the development of the disease. EP/HS oil treatment significantly inhibited the expression of RAPTOR, IFN-γ, IL-17, and STAT3 genes and promoted the expression of RICTOR, IL-10, and FOXP3 genes.
In conclusion, the EP/HS oil is likely to be involved in transcription of factors in favor of EAE improvement as well as participating in remyelination in the EAE spinal cord and that it suggests to be effective in therapeutic approaches for MS.
Modelos de consentimiento informado en ginecología y obstetricia: una propuesta
Authors: Parra Guido , Vergara Felipe , Gómez Alfredo , De La Hoz Luis 
Published: April 2020

La práctica ginecológica y obstétrica en Colombia, al igual que en otros países, lleva un alto riesgo de demandas por responsabilidad médico-legal.
En Colombia, la información y posterior aceptación por el paciente del procedimiento que le será realizado son exigencias legales muchas veces ignoradas, que tienen un incalculable valor para la defensa del médico en caso de una demanda. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer modelos de consentimiento informado para los principales procedimientos ginecológicos y obstétricos, los cuales protegen la autonomía del paciente y facilitan al ginecoobstetra la práctica de su profesión.
Disfunción hepática en preeclampsia: asociación con niveles elevados de gamaglutamiltransferasa
Authors: Gómez Jiménez Jorge Mario , Zuleta Tobón Jhon Jairo , Campuzano Maya Germán , Cantillo Pabón José 
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: explorar la relación del nivel sérico de gamaglutamiltransferasa con la preeclampsia y sus complicaciones, antes de las 35 semanas de gestación.Diseño: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal.Población y lugar: mujeres con menos de 35 semanas de edad gestacional; el grupo I con 55 preeclámpticas y el grupo II con 54 sin preeclampsia, de los hospitales Universitario San Vicente de Paúl y General de Medellín, entre 1° de septiembre de 1999 y 1° de septiembre de 2000.Desenlaces: asociación entre nivel sérico elevado de gamaglutamiltransferasa (GGTe) y preeclampsia (PE).Análisis estadístico: prueba Kolmogorov-Smirnov para evaluar normalidad, Rho de Spearman para buscar correlaciones entre variables continuas, prueba U de Mann-Witney para comparar medianas, asociación mediante razones de disparidad (RD).Resultados: no hubo diferencias en las características generales entre los grupos. No se demostró correlación entre el nivel sérico de gamaglutamiltransferasa (GGT) y la edad de la paciente, la edad gestacional, ni con el número de partos previos (Rho de Spearmman 0.03; 0.08 y 0.137 respectivamente). Las medianas de las concentraciones de GGT fueron 22.62 UI/L (rango 4.76-142.79) para el G I y 17.63 UI/L (rango 7.22-77.86) para el G II, diferencias estadísticamente no significativas (p = 0.81, prueba U de Mann-Witney). Once (20%) de las pacientes con PE tuvieron GGTe (> percentil 95 del grupo control, 49.0525 UI/L) y sólo dos controles (3.7%), p=0.009. Se encontró evidencia de asociación entre los niveles iguales o mayores del percentil 95 y preeclampsia, razón de disparidad (RD) 6.5, IC 95% 1.25 - 45.02.De 14 pacientes del G I que tuvieron complicaciones atribuibles a la PE, cinco presentaron GGTe, frente a seis de 41 pacientes no complicadas en el mismo grupo (p = 0.12). De 25 madres en el G I que dieron a luz niños con bajo peso para la edad gestacional (BPEG), ocho presentaron GGTe frente a tres con GGTe de 30 madres cuyos hijos nacieron con peso adecuado para la edad gestacional en el mismo grupo, p= 0.088.Conclusión: se definió GGTe para la gestante con un nivel sérico > 49.0525 UI/L, y se encontró asociación, no causal, con preeclampsia.