bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Multisite Phosphorylation of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins Using Quantitative Mass-Spectrometry
Authors: Valk Ervin , Maljavin Artemi , Loog Mart 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) within proteins have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Several important biological signaling mechanisms including protein-protein interactions and post-translational modifications can be easily mediated by IDPs and IDRs due to their flexible structure. These regions can encode linear sequences that are indispensable in cell-signaling networks and circuits. For example, the linear multisite phosphorylation networks encoded in disordered protein sequences play a key role in cell-cycle regulation where the phosphorylation of proteins controls the orchestration of all major mechanisms. While elucidating a systems-level understanding of this process and other multisite phosphorylation processes, we extensively used mass-spectrometry and found it to be an ideal tool to identify, characterize, and quantify phosphorylation dynamics within IDPs. Here, we describe a quantitative proteomics method, together with a detailed protocol to analyze dynamic multisite phosphorylation processes within IDPs using an in vitro protein phosphorylation assay with “light” gamma-16O ATP and “heavy” gamma-18O ATP, combined with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.
Attitudes and knowledge about post-mortem organ donation among medical students, trainee nurses and students of health sciences in Germany
Authors: Tackmann E. , Kurz P. , Dettmer S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveIn 2018 Germany had the lowest rate of post-mortem organ donation in the Eurotransplant network. Healthcare trainees and students will be important advisors on organ donation for patients in the future. This study aimed to examine 1) attitudes and knowledge about post-mortem organ donation, 2) how past transplantation scandals have affected those attitudes and 3) how satisfied respondents were with the knowledge provided on the courses.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between 20 March and 8 July 2019 at a university hospital and nursing schools in Berlin and Potsdam, Germany. Study participants were 209 medical students, 106 health sciences students and 67 trainee nurses.ResultsOf the respondents 29.3 and 50.8% knew the tasks of the German Organ Transplantation Foundation and Eurotransplant, respectively. All brain death questions were correctly answered by 56.3% of the medical students, 25.7% of the health sciences students and 50.9% of the trainee nurses (Fisher’s exact testp < 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.242). Transplantation scandals had damaged attitudes towards organ donation for 20.7% of the medical students, 33.3% of the health sciences students and 13.6% of the trainee nurses (χ2-testp = 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.164). Asked whether post-mortem organ donation was sufficiently addressed in their courses, 39.5% of the medical students, 60.4% of the health sciences students and 51.9% of the trainee nurses said this was not or tended not to be the case (Kruskal-Wallis H-testp < 0.001, Spearman’s rho r = −0.112).ConclusionGiven the knowledge gaps identified and the respondents’ dissatisfaction with the knowledge they received, organ donation should be better integrated into curricula and training programs.
System- und Fertigkeitseinsatz in einem österreichischen Notarztsystem: retrospektive Studie
Authors: Prause G. , Orlob S. , Auinger D. , Eichinger M. , Zoidl P. , Rief M. , Zajic P. 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die stetig wachsende Zahl der Notarztanforderungen und der geringe Anteil indizierter Einsätze führen zum Attraktivitätsverlust des Notarztdienstes, was sich vielerorts bereits durch nichtbesetzbare Notarztdienste bemerkbar macht. Vorliegende retrospektive Analyse evaluiert die Häufigkeit notärztlicher und medizinischer Maßnahmen in einem bodengebundenen Notarztsystem.

Methode
Retrospektive Analyse anonymisierter Daten aus der Datenbank des Notarztstützpunkts LKH Univ.-Klinikum Graz. Die von Notärztinnen und Notärzten zwischen 2010 und 2018 absolvierten Einsätze wurden extrahiert, durchgeführte Maßnahmen evaluiert und je nach Schwierigkeitsgrad in 3 Kategorien aufgeschlüsselt: spezifische notärztliche Maßnahmen (Kategorie I), allgemein-medizinische Maßnahmen (Kategorie II), keine ärztliche Tätigkeit (Kategorie III). Die Häufigkeiten des Auftretens dieser Kategorien zwischen den Jahren wurden verglichen und Inzidenzen einzelner Maßnahmen pro 100.000 Einwohner errechnet.

Ergebnisse
Im Beobachtungszeitraum wurden 15.409 Primäreinsätze und 322 Sekundärtransporte extrahiert und analysiert. Die jährliche Einsatzrate stieg beinahe kontinuierlich von 1442 Einsätzen 2010 auf 2301 Einsätze 2018. Bei 3687 (23,4 %) Stornierungen kam es zu 12.044 Patientenkontakten. Insgesamt wurden 2842 (18 %) Einsätze der Kategorie I, 7371 (47 %) Einsätze der Kategorie II sowie 5518 (35 %) Einsätze der Kategorie III verzeichnet. Die Häufigkeit für notärztliche Maßnahmen kann daher auf 157/100.000 Einwohner, die medizinischer Maßnahmen auf 409/100.000 Einwohner geschätzt werden.

Schlussfolgerung
In einem Großteil aller Alarmierungen ist keine spezifisch notärztliche Maßnahme erforderlich. Somit erscheint das aktuelle Modell der präklinischen Versorgung nicht patientenorientiert und effizient. Der niedrige Anteil kritisch kranker bzw. schwer verletzter Patientinnen und Patienten führt bereits merkbar zum Attraktivitätsverlust bei den Notärzten und auch zu einer drohenden Qualitätsproblematik durch zu geringe Einsatzerfahrung und fehlendem Training.
Condition and Sperm Characteristics of Perch Perca fluviatilis inhabiting Boreal Lakes Receiving Metal Mining Effluents
Authors: Karjalainen Juha , Arola Hanna E. , Wallin Jaana , Väisänen Ari , Karjalainen Anna K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOne of the world’s largest, but low-grade, sulfide nickel deposits in northeastern Finland has been exploited by a bioheapleaching technology since 2008. Bioheapleaching is a relatively new, cost-effective technology, but humid climate, e.g., in boreal temperate environments, causes challenges to the management of the water balance in the ore heaps with wide catchment area, and the mining effluents have caused substantial metal and salting contamination of the receiving waterbodies. In our study, the impacts of metal-extracting bioheapleaching mine effluents on muscle and liver element concentrations, body condition, liver and testes mass, and sperm count and motility of male perch Perca fluviatilis were analysed. Liver, testes, and carcass mass of perch in relation to their length were lower in the mining-impacted lakes than in the reference lake, which may be due to the metal contamination, food availability, and energy demand under multistressor conditions. The sperm counts of the males in the mining-impacted lakes were lower, but the endurance of their sperm motility was longer than the endurance of sperm of the reference males. These findings suggested that the condition and sperm characteristics of perch were altered in lakes receiving metal mining effluents. Measured variables seem to be useful indicators for metal mining impacts on freshwater fish but only if high natural variation in these characteristics can be controlled by multiyear monitoring scheme.
Traditional versus fast fashion supply chains in the apparel industry: an agent-based simulation approach
Authors: Backs Sabrina , Jahnke Hermann , Lüpke Lars , Stücken Mareike , Stummer Christian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the past, most companies in the European apparel industry focused on minimizing manufacturing costs in the design of supply chains in conjunction with long-distance shipping from production sites in the Far East and relatively long production cycles. Today, for some market segments, the speed of production cycles is more important than the cost because short throughput time allows the flexibility to adjust to rapidly changing fashion trends in these market segments. Accordingly, choosing the most beneficial supply chain strategy has become an established research topic. However, apparel markets are complex systems. Therefore, attempts to reduce the underlying complexity in order to model these markets have limited existing research to the consideration of only selected aspects of markets (e.g., considering only homogeneous buyers, a single period, a single product, or a single manufacturer in the absence of competition) rather than taking a more comprehensive view. These limitations can be overcome by applying an agent-based simulation approach—an approach that can account for a wider range of factors, including several competing manufacturers utilizing different supply chain strategies, individual consumer preferences and behavior, word-of-mouth communication, normative social influence, and first-hand experience, as well as advertising. In this paper, the capability potential of such agent-based market simulation is demonstrated by investigating two supply chain strategies (fast fashion vs. traditional fashion) with varying product and communication strategies (product attributes and advertising) in several market scenarios.
Building Consumers’ Trust in Electronic Retail Platforms in the Sub-Saharan Context: an exploratory study on Drivers and Impact on Continuance Intention
Authors: Odusanya Kayode , Aluko Olu , Lal Banita 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLack of trust can have a negative influence on consumers’ willingness to use electronic retail (e-tail) platforms especially in countries with weak regulations and poor consumer rights. This paper examined factors that can be employed to build consumer trust and continuance intention to use e-tail platforms in Sub-Saharan Africa. Survey data was collected from 207 respondents and analyzed using structural equation modeling with the PLS software. The results show that information quality, perceived usefulness, hedonic motivation, and perceived risk have a significant influence on consumers’ trust in e-tail platforms. The study contributes to the existing body of knowledge that guides efforts for the implementation of actions in weak institutional contexts characterized by institutional voids such as those experienced in Sub-Saharan African countries. Finally, the study provides insights that can help managers of e-tail platforms to effectively foster the development of trust in their communities.
Atlantic salmon in the Canadian Arctic: potential dispersal, establishment, and interaction with Arctic char
Authors: Bilous Miranda , Dunmall Karen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAs the Arctic rapidly warms, sub-Arctic species such as the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) are expected to shift their distributions into the Arctic, potentially facilitating interaction with native Arctic species. Here, the possible dispersal and establishment of Atlantic salmon are considered in Canadian Arctic fresh waters containing Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), an important subsistence fish species. Available information about Atlantic salmon harvests in the Canadian Arctic was summarized to assess dispersal potential. Review and synthesis of published data were used to assess the suitability of the Canadian Arctic for Atlantic salmon colonization and the interaction potential of Atlantic salmon and Arctic char in Canadian Arctic fresh waters. Establishment of Atlantic salmon in Canadian Arctic thermal habitat was deemed possible, especially with rising freshwater temperatures. Overlap in habitat preferences and life cycles of Atlantic salmon and Arctic char, along with data on resource partitioning in sympatry, implied a possibility for interaction at multiple freshwater life stages. However, many data gaps were identified that inhibit further discussion and analysis. These considerations highlight the need for further study of these two culturally, ecologically, and economically important fish species, to address growing concerns and inform future management efforts.
New and small firms in a modern working life: how do we make entrepreneurship healthy?
Authors: Klofsten Magnus , MacEachen Ellen , Ståhl Christian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe interplay between health, entrepreneurship and small and emerging businesses is a research field receiving growing interest. Studies point to both health-related risks and opportunities, which have implications for the social and economic lives of entrepreneurs and employees in small and new firms. Research has been carried out in different disciplines, which have contributed in different ways to the understanding of this inquiry. As the field is still premature and interdisciplinary in nature, there is a need to establish boundary-crossing avenues for developing new knowledge on the topic. This ambition has led to the development of this special issue. The issue includes results from original research on working life challenges encountered by small and new businesses, approached from a variety of disciplines. In this introduction, we begin by tracing an overarching framework, to which we add brief descriptions of the contributing papers. To conclude, we outline future research goals and discuss how issues around mental health, regulation and work environment inspections, race, disability and gender issues and the growing gig economy will affect the conditions for healthy entrepreneurial work.
Toward more comprehensive environmental impact assessments: interlinked global models of LCIA and IAM applicable to this century
Authors: Tokimatsu Koji , Tang Longlong , Yasuoka Rieko , Ii Ryota , Itsubo Norihiro , Nishio Masahiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Despite the long-standing demand for research on dynamic lifecycle assessment (LCA) for policymaking, only a few studies have addressed this subject in conjunction with other systems thinking disciplines, such as energy systems models (ESMs) and integrated assessment models (IAMs), which have achieved tremendous success in assessing climate policies in future scenarios. This study explains our methodological advances in the global application of LCA incorporated in IAMs, specifically dose-response functions, models, and future scenarios.

Methods
We investigate the application of the lifecycle impact assessment method based on endpoint modeling (LIME), developed under the current environmental situation in Japan and globally, to be consistent and compatible with our IAM, which comprises three resource balance models and a simplified climate model. The IAM endogenously generates most inventories consistent with energy scenarios and climate policies linked with the applied LIME. The IAM and LIME are formulated to minimize the discounted sum of supplying the cost of resources over their lifecycles (i.e., from development to end-of-life) to generate time evolutions for the endpoint impacts over this century on a global scale with/without the 2-degree Celsius (2DC) target in a 100% renewable energy scenario.

Results and discussion
Unlike existing LCA+ESM/IAM studies, which focus on power generation technologies and related (in)direct embedded energy consumption on a lifecycle basis, our model’s expansion to mineral and biomass resources, in addition to energy, has the following novel results: (1) The following inventories in the 2DC target are generally lower than those in business as usual (BAU): temperature and sea level rise, natural resource, and waste discharge; further, SOx emissions are significantly reduced by reducing coal production while increasing forestry. (2) The environmental impacts on the four endpoints of minerals, land use, and land-use change, with the exclusion of energy-related impacts, are significantly larger than those related to energy. (3) Finally, by ensuring inventory reduction, the 2DC target scenario can reduce overall endpoint impacts (by maximum around 20%), except the impacts on biodiversity resulting from forestry expansion to meet predetermined targets.

Conclusions
Unlike mainstream IAM analyses, we incorporate LIME, instead of energy- and biomass-related resource and climate change impacts alone; our model thus provides a comprehensive perspective on various natural resources and their impacts on a lifecycle basis. The exclusion of the weighting process and retention of the four endpoints enable us to easily interpret the results. Further, this application of LCA to IAM enables us to further understand and assess natural resources and environmental impacts.
The Effects of Contextual Factors on PSS Usefulness: an International Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Jiang Huaxiong , Geertman Stan , Witte Patrick 
Published: July 2020

AbstractContextual factors have been consistently argued as influencing the usefulness of planning support systems (PSS). Whereas previous studies were mostly conducted within a single planning project or based on experimental workshops, the present study looked at the application of PSS in smart city projects worldwide, and investigated the extent to which subjectively measured contextual factors contribute to PSS usefulness in smart cities. Based on a recent international questionnaire (268 respondents) designed to gather the perceptions of scholars and practitioners in the smart city realm, an ordinal regression model was fitted to assess the associations between the argued contextual factors and PSS usefulness. The results show that, in general, four contextual factors—namely the characteristics of the technology itself, user characteristics, characteristics of the planning process, and political context—have a significant influence on the usefulness of PSS, and that their impacts vary significantly. This paper emphasizes that only when PSS users can identify the critical contextual factors that are favorable and unfavorable, will the potential benefits of PSS for spatial planning be fully achieved.
Biochemical and physicochemical characteristics of the major muscle proteins from fish and shellfish
Authors: Ochiai Yoshihiro , Ozawa Hideo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFish and marine invertebrates constitute an important part of the human diet worldwide, and their muscles are the major edible parts. The muscles are a rich source of proteins, which in other terms determines the nutritional value and the quality of seafood products. Though the fish skeletal muscle proteins share many similarities with their mammalian counterparts, there exist great differences in their biological activity and structural stability. While the muscles of shellfish or aquatic invertebrates share many properties and general structural features with their vertebrate counterparts, they have unique characteristics. Therefore, understanding the biochemical and physicochemical properties of their major protein components is needed from the viewpoint of effective utilization of aquatic bioresources. Thus, in this review, we aimed to assemble the basis of such differences and also to understand the benefits of these proteins as the targets for studies on the structure–stability relationship of proteins.
Bore-hole Well-cores Provide Evidence for Crustal Heterogeneity Beneath the Koyna-Warna Reservoir Site, Deccan Volcanic Province, India
Authors: Khanna Tarun C. , Arora Kusumita , Raza Haris , Chadha R. K. , Gupta Harsh K. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Extensive geophysical investigations are ongoing to address the causative mechanisms, which could explain the sustained seismicity in the Koyna-Warna region of the Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP), western India. Towards this effort, several exploratory bore-holes ranging up to 1500 m in depth were drilled by CSIR-NGRI around the Koyna-Warna seismic zone for investigation of shallow crustal properties and long term monitoring of seismicity. The focus of this study is the examination of lithology from four bore-well-cores around the Warna area: from west to east, KBH05 (Phansavale), KBH09 (Khadi Kolvan), KBH10 (Udgiri) and KBH08 (Paneri). High-resolution lithologs of these bore-well-cores have been generated, which reveal subtrappean heterogeneity, especially given the limited areal extent of about three hundred square kilometers enclosing them. In this contribution, an account of lithological characteristics is provided, which were not available in the literature prior to this study. The discovery of relict greenstone volcanic rocks concealed beneath the Deccan Volcanic Province is reported, from one of the bore-well-cores as well as a thin layer of sediments in another. Fossil imprinted ash beds of substantial thickness are observed in two of the well-cores. Intrusive sheets of aplite/granite within the gneisses, seen in one of the well-cores, provides compelling evidence of a reworked basement beneath the Deccan Volcanic Province. The heterogeneity reported here is consistent with patterns of selective locales of earthquake occurrences in the Koyna-Warna zone; definitive roles for reservoir triggered seismicity needs further examination.
Nonuniform Oxidation Behavior of Loaded Gasoline Particulate Filters
Authors: Moses-DeBusk Melanie , Storey John M.E. , Eibl Mary A. , Thomas John F. , Toops Todd J. , Finney Charles E.A. , Pihl Josh A. , Bilheux Hassina Z. , Gregor Jens 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe results of an experimental study on the oxidation behavior of loaded gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) from a gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine are reported. PM was loaded on uncatalyzed cordierite GPF mini-cores by exposure to exhaust from a light-duty GDI engine operating during a rich acceleration condition on four fuels: 100% gasoline (E0); a 30% blend of ethanol in gasoline (E30); a 24% blend of isobutanol in gasoline (iBu24); or a 48% blend of isobutanol in gasoline (iBu48). The oxidative reactivities of these four types of PM were investigated as a function of temperature. Compared with E0, particulate matter (PM) from the ethanol blend showed a significant shift to lower temperature activity, whereas both isobutanol blends produced PM requiring higher temperatures to achieve complete oxidation. The oxidation kinetics of the E0 and E30 PM were studied in more detail. These cores were used in pulsed-oxidation studies to explore the oxidation kinetics of the PM throughout a stepwise burnout (i.e., regeneration). The results suggest that the reactivity of PM on GPF cores is sensitive to both its environmental history and the type of fuel being used. A unique neutron-imaging study was also performed on E0 and E30-loaded GPF cores to study how the PM layer thicknesses change during a stepwise burnout.
Differences in employment and income poverty between people with and without disabilities in South Africa
Authors: Graham Lauren 
Published: July 2020

There is a substantial body of literature that confirms the cyclical relationship between poverty and disability. However, while there are studies that have sought to understand the relationship between income poverty and disability and how disability intersects with other factors to influence poverty, most do not offer insight into how this relationship is shaped – particularly given the limited availability of panel data. Furthermore, there is limited research on the effect of social grants and employment on income poverty, as well as how disability intersects with other factors to shape poverty. Guided by the capabilities approach, the focus of this article was therefore on the dynamics of the relationship between disability and two aspects of poverty, namely, income and employment, which are critical to the realization of capabilities. The findings show that people with disabilities in South Africa are more likely to be income poor and remain so over time, but that social grants serve to alleviate income poverty. Income poverty is explained in part by the fact that people with disabilities are less likely to be employed and that when they are employed they face significant wage gaps. Disability also intersects with race, sex and geographic location to shape income poverty in ways that have important implications for policy and programme development.