bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is hyperglycemia the only risk factor for implant in type 2 diabetics during the healing period?
Authors: Tang Dezheng , Wang Entang , Xu Yifan , Liang Chao , Liu Changying , Lin Xiao , Li Jun 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether risk factors other than hyperglycemia lead to failed osseointegration in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) during the healing period.Materials and MethodsWe compared the success rates between patients with and without T2DM during the healing period at our center. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were cultured from subjects. Proteomics was used to detect differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) among the DM failure (DM‐F), DM success (DM‐S), and control (Con) groups. The correlation between the expression levels of nine target DEPs and medium glucose concentrations was investigated.ResultsHigher failure rates were observed in the T2DM patients. Fifty‐two DEPs were found between the DM‐F and DM‐S groups. Seventy‐three DEPs were found between the DM‐F and Con groups. Forty‐three DEPs were found between the DM‐S and Con groups. Five target DEPs were expressed at the same levels in the medium with different glucose concentrations. Gene ontology annotation and functional enrichment analysis suggest that the DEPs detected in the DM‐F group may affect the biological function and regulatory potential of BMSCs.ConclusionsThe DEPs detected in the DM‐F group can be intervention targets for to prevent implant failure in T2DM patients. Risk factors besides hyperglycemia may affect osseointegration during healing period.
Salvianic Acid A Sodium Promotes the Recovery of Motor Function After Spinal Cord Injury in Rats by Reducing Microglia Inflammation through Regulating MIP2/Vdac1/Ndufa12 Signaling Axis
Authors: Li Liping , Liu Yuanyuan , Zhao Xia , Qi Chao , Zhang Yi , Zhang Yingze , Yu Tengbo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo clarify the effects on and the mechanism of salvianic acid A sodium (SAAS) in the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury.MethodsIn vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out in this research to determine the effects of SAAS on tissue damage, neuron survival, microglia polarization, and inflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI). Differentially expressed genes treated with SAAS were screened by transcriptome sequencing, and the molecular mechanism was investigated simultaneously.ResultsThe results revealed that SAAS could promote type M2 polarization of microglia and reduce the proportion of type M1. In this way, it reduced the secretion and expression of inflammatory factors. Compared with Lipopolysaccharides(LPS), 345 genes were upregulated and 407 genes were downregulated in the LPS + SAAS treatment group. In the SAAS group, expression levels of Ndufa12, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and Vdac1 were significantly reduced, while a marked elevation was found in MIP2. In addition, results found in an animal model showed that SAAS could obviously facilitate motor function recovery of mice after spinal cord injury, and it had a good protective effect on spinal cord tissue and neuron cells.ConclusionAs a result, the present study clarified both the protective effect of SAAS on neurons after spinal cord injury and the anti‐inflammatory effect of microglia, which is expected to serve as a theoretical basis for clinical treatment.
Effect of aglepristone (RU534) administration during follicular phase on progesterone, estradiol‐17β and LH serum concentrations in bitches
Authors: Troisi Alessandro , Polisca Angela , Cardinali Lucia , Orlandi Riccardo , Brecchia Gabriele , Menchetti Laura , Zerani Massimo , Maranesi Margherita , Di Mari Walter , Verstegen John Paul 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAglepristone was administered in bitches during the follicular phase to evaluate its effects on progesterone, estradiol‐17β and LH serum concentrations. Ten German Shepherds were divided into two groups (treatedn = 5; controln = 5). Treated bitches received 10 mg/kg BW of aglepristone subcutaneously during the early follicular phase, 24 hr after and then 7 days later. The control group was injected, at the same time periods, with saline solution (0.3 ml/kg BW). For the steroid evaluations, blood was collected daily from the onset of proestrus until the first day of cytological dioestrus. For LH base‐line serum determination, blood was also collected every 20 min for 2 hr at the onset of proestrus. For LH surge identification, blood was collected daily (every 6 hr) starting from the day of the first administration of aglepristone or saline solution until the first day of dioestrus. All animals ovulated but the treated group presented longer ovulation‐dioestrus intervals than the control group (5.2 ± 2.2 daysp < .05). Serum concentrations of the evaluated hormones were similar between experimental animals except for serum LH. Indeed, no LH peaks were detected in the treated group while LH surges were clearly observed in the control group (9 ± 1 days after the beginning of proestrus. In particular, the area under the curve for LH was significantly lower in treated than control animals (12 ± 4 ng/ml x Day;p = .01). In conclusion, administrations of aglepristone during the follicular phase of the bitch does not affect the steroid hormone patterns but does prevent the occurrence of a LH surge. This work raises significant questions and opens perspectives concerning the mechanisms of ovulation in bitches.
How to regulate algorithmic decision‐making: A framework of regulatory requirements for different applications
Authors: Krafft Tobias D. , Zweig Katharina A. , König Pascal D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlgorithmic decision‐making (ADM) systems have come to support, pre‐empt or substitute for human decisions in manifold areas, with potentially significant impacts on individuals' lives. Achieving transparency and accountability has been formulated as a general goal regarding the use of these systems. However, concrete applications differ widely in the degree of risk and the accountability problems they entail for data subjects. The present paper addresses this variation and presents a framework that differentiates regulatory requirements for a range of ADM system uses. It draws on agency theory to conceptualize accountability challenges from the point of view of data subjects with the purpose to systematize instruments for safeguarding algorithmic accountability. The paper furthermore shows how such instruments can be matched to applications of ADM based on a risk matrix. The resulting comprehensive framework can guide the evaluation of ADM systems and the choice of suitable regulatory provisions.
Inpatient dental consultations at a pediatric hospital: A single center 1‐year review
Authors: Hayes Kyler B. , Sheller Barbara , Williams Bryan J. , Churchill Shervin S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsInpatient dental consultations done at a pediatric hospital in 2017 were analyzed to determine consult reasons, requesting departments, and patient characteristics. Findings were compared to a 2007 study from the hospital.Methods and resultsData were collected from medical records. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were calculated. In 2017, 300 consults were performed for 211 patients (1.8% of inpatients). hematology‐oncology requested the most consults (63%). Evaluation prior to cancer treatment, cardiac surgery, or organ transplantation was the most common reason for consult requests (52%). Fifty‐eight percent patients had a dental home; older patients were more likely to have a dental home (P < .001). Patients with a dental home were less likely to have caries (P = .047). Many patients with a dental home had caries (33% in 2007 and 29% in 2017); more patients without a dental home had caries (46% in 2007 and 38% in 2017).ConclusionsThis study both supports the dental home concept and reveals that many children with a dental home have treatment needs. This indicates that medical providers should not equate having a dental home with having dental health and emphasizes the value of an in‐hospital dental service to support the management of critically ill children.
Crank length alters kinematics and kinetics, yet not the economy of recumbent handcyclists at constant handgrip speeds
Authors: Mason Barry S. , Stone Benjamin , Warner Martin B. , Goosey‐Tolfrey Victoria L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHandcycling performance is dependent on the physiological economy of the athlete; however, handbike configuration and the biomechanical interaction between the two are also vital. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of crank length manipulations on physiological and biomechanical aspects of recumbent handcycling performance in highly trained recumbent handcyclists at a constant linear handgrip speed and sport‐specific intensity. Nine competitive handcyclists completed a 3‐minute trial in an adjustable recumbent handbike in four crank length settings (150, 160, 170 & 180 mm) at 70% peak power output. Handgrip speed was controlled (1.6 m·s−1) across trials with cadences ranging from 102 to 85 rpm. Physiological economy, heart rate, and ratings of perceived exertion were monitored in all trials. Handcycling kinetics were quantified using an SRM (Schoberer Rad Messtechnik) powermeter, and upper limb kinematics were determined using a 10‐camera VICON motion capture system. Physiological responses were not significantly affected by crank length. However, greater torque was generated (P < .0005) and peak torque occurred earlier during the push and pull phase (P ≤ .001) in longer cranks. Statistical parametric mapping revealed that the timing and orientation of shoulder flexion, shoulder abduction, and elbow extension were significantly altered in different crank lengths. Despite the biomechanical adaptations, these findings suggest that at constant handgrip speeds (and varying cadence) highly trained handcyclists may select crank lengths between 150 and 180 mm without affecting their physiological performance. Until further research, factors such as anthropometrics, comfort, and self‐selected cadence should be used to facilitate crank length selection in recumbent handcyclists.
Comparison of different MyotonPRO probes for skin stiffness evaluation in young women
Authors: Rosicka Katarzyna , Mierzejewska‐Krzyżowska Barbara , Mrówczyński Włodzimierz 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundStiffness of skin is widely used parameter in many research areas, for example cosmetic industry, dermatology or rheumatology for assessing of skin condition as well as changes occurring in skin. In this pioneering study, we conducted measurements of skin stiffness using MyotonPRO —novel tool, which was mainly used to evaluate biomechanical properties of muscles, ligaments and tendons. We expected that MyotonPRO , which shows great reproducibility in previous studies, will also be able to measure skin stiffness.Materials and methodsFour replaceable probes designed by MyotonPRO (L‐shape short and medium arm, standard cylindrical flat‐end probe and the same standard probe with disc attachment ) were tested for measurement of skin stiffness in young women (30 healthy females) at three different locations (clavicula, volar forearm and shin).ResultsThere was no significant difference between stiffness values obtained with L‐shape short and L‐shape medium arm probes in all investigated areas. Stiffness values recorded by regular probe and regular probe with disc attachment differ significantly from those collected with L‐shape probes. There was also significant difference between values of stiffness obtained by standard with disc attachment and standard probes.ConclusionBoth L‐shape probes show a great reliability for skin stiffness assessment. Therefore, MyotonPRO can be considered a reliable device for assessing skin stiffness.
Bordering, Ordering and Everyday Cognitive Geographies
Authors: Scott James W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith the publication of Henk van Houtum’s and Ton van Naerssen’s (2002) essay on Bordering, Othering and Ordering, border studies received innovative and liberating inspiration. Partly as a result of the essay contemporary border studies recognise the fluid and changing nature of borders, their increasing sophistication, and the complexity of border‐making processes by different agents. In this brief intervention I suggest that perspectives on bordering, ordering and othering can be advanced through exploration of cognitive and psychological processes. By linking borders to cognition we can widen understandings of space‐society relations, gleaning insights from a number of seemingly eclectic sources, such as architecture and cultural and political psychology. Moreover, I will argue that the cognitive nature of bordering is manifested in framings of urban spaces, places and neighbourhoods that create categories of distinction and relationality. Examples that link borders and place to cognition are provided from various sources.
Advances in techniques to formulate the watertight concept for cadastre
Authors: Asghari Ali , Kalantari Mohsen , Rajabifard Abbas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe world’s rising urban density expansion has resulted in a proliferation of attempts to efficiently use space and a higher level of spatial complexity in metropolitan areas. 3D geospatial data models are increasingly being embraced to facilitate communicating the spatial dimensions of complex built environments in different applications. For example, the use of 3D models in land administration systems has been recognized as a good approach for communicating the spatial complexity of legal spaces within multi‐storey buildings. The spatial extent of legal space—to which rights, restrictions and responsibilities relate in a 3D digital cadastre—needs to be accurately defined and geometrically closed; watertight. Therefore, this study aims to address the challenges regarding checking the closure of diverse 3D legal spaces and engage several techniques to formulate the watertight concept for cadastre. The research’s methodology is built on a 3D polyhedral surface using a half‐edge data structure. A primitive check is employed to assess the spatial consistency of lower‐dimensional primitives of 3D objects. Subsequently, advanced closure checks ensure the closure of volumetric legal spaces represented by 2‐manifold and non‐2‐manifold data models. The article concludes that, by adopting the proposed approaches, the internal spatial consistency of legal spaces in urban land administration will be certified.
Spatiotemporal retrieval of dynamic video object trajectories in geographical scenes
Authors: Xie Yujia , Wang Meizhen , Liu Xuejun , Wang Ziran , Mao Bo , Wang Feiyue , Wang Xiaozhi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCurrent studies on video trajectory retrieval focus on the retrieval and analysis of image content, neglecting the gap between the spatiotemporal continuity of retrieval conditions and the spatiotemporal discontinuity of multi‐camera video trajectories. In this study, we propose a method for the spatiotemporal retrieval of dynamic video object trajectories in geographic scenes. Based on the camera calibration, the proposed method organizes the scene, cameras, and trajectories, constructs the spatiotemporal constraints, and queries the trajectories using two measures: camera‐by‐camera retrieval and global trajectory retrieval. The proposed method was verified through experiments, and the results demonstrate that both measures can query trajectories effectively and reduce the spatiotemporal video review range under different spatiotemporal constraints. Furthermore, compared with camera‐by‐camera retrieval, global trajectory retrieval can reduce the spatiotemporal video review range further and return more accurate results. The proposed method may provide support for the spatial analysis and understanding of surveillance video data.
Highlighting recent trends in open source geospatial science and software
Authors: Mobasheri Amin , Mitasova Helena , Neteler Markus , Singleton Alexander , Ledoux Hugo , Brovelli Maria Antonia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOver the past decade, open source software has become widely accepted across governments, industries and academia. The geospatial domain is no exception and this trend is also reflected in geospatial research and practice. Nowadays, governments and stakeholders from the business sector both participate and promote open geospatial science including open geospatial data and open source geospatial software. As a result, open source geospatial science and software (i.e., open source GIS) is a growing area of research with numerous applications and great potential. The consistent prevalence of open source GIS studies motivated this thematic collection. The contributions are divided into two main categories. In the first, novel open source geospatial software and standards are presented, each of which has been implemented for and applied to a certain use case, and at the same time may be applied to other use cases due to the reproducibility of open source software. The second category presents and discusses the applicability and usability of open source GIS solutions for various interdisciplinary domains, mostly related to urban studies.
False Beliefs and Misleading Evidence
Authors: Daoust Marc‐Kevin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFalse beliefs and misleading evidence have striking similarities. In many regards, they are both epistemically bad or undesirable. Yet some epistemologists think that, while one's evidence is normative (i.e., one's available evidence affects the doxastic states one is epistemically permitted or required to have), one's false beliefs cannot be evidence and cannot be normative. They have offered various motivations for treating false beliefs differently from true misleading beliefs, and holding that only the latter may be evidence. I argue that this is puzzling: if misleading evidence and false beliefs share so many important similarities, why treat them differently? I also argue that, given the striking similarities between false beliefs and misleading evidence, many arguments for the factivity of evidence overgeneralize. That is, if these arguments were conclusive, they would also entail that the evidence cannot be misleading. But this is an overgeneralization, since the evidence can be misleading.
Arabidopsis RING‐type E3 ubiquitin ligase XBAT35.2 promotes proteasome‐dependent degradation of ACD11 to attenuate abiotic stress tolerance
Authors: Li Qiaomu , Serio Renata J. , Schofield Andrew , Liu Hongxia , Rasmussen Sheena R. , Hofius Daniel , Stone Sophia L. 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYPlants employ multiple mechanisms to cope with a constantly changing and challenging environment, including using the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) to alter their proteome to assist in initiating, modulating and terminating responses to stress. We previously reported that the ubiquitin ligase XBAT35.2 mediates the proteasome‐dependent degradation of Accelerated Cell Death 11 (ACD11) to promote pathogen defense. Here, we demonstrate roles for XBAT35.2 and ACD11 in abiotic stress tolerance. As seen in response to pathogen infection, abiotic stress stabilizes XBAT35.2 and the abundance of ACD11 rose consistently with increasing concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) and salt. Surprisingly, exposure to ABA and salt increased the stability of ACD11, and the overexpression of ACD11 improves plant survival of salt and drought stress, suggesting a role for ACD11 in promoting tolerance. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of ABA or salt resulted in ubiquitination and the proteasome‐dependent degradation of ACD11, however. The stress‐induced turnover of ACD11 requires XBAT35.2, as degradation is slowed in the absence of the E3 ubiquitin ligase. Consistent with XBAT35.2 mediating the proteasome‐dependent degradation of ACD11, the loss of E3 ubiquitin ligase function enhances the tolerance of salt and drought stress, whereas overexpression increases sensitivity. A model is presented where, upon the perception of abiotic stress, ACD11 abundance increases to promote tolerance. Meanwhile, XBAT35.2 accumulates and in turn promotes the degradation of ACD11 to attenuate the stress response. The results characterize XBAT35.2 as an E3 ubiquitin ligase with opposing roles in abiotic and biotic stress.
Taking the Guess Work Out of the Initial Guess: A Solution Interval Method for Least-Squares Parameter Estimation in Nonlinear Models
Authors: Zhang Guanglu , Allaire Douglas , Cagan Jonathan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFitting a specified model to data is critical in many science and engineering fields. A major task in fitting a specified model to data is to estimate the value of each parameter in the model. Iterative local methods, such as the Gauss–Newton method and the Levenberg–Marquardt method, are often employed for parameter estimation in nonlinear models. However, practitioners must guess the initial value for each parameter to initialize these iterative local methods. A poor initial guess can contribute to non-convergence of these methods or lead these methods to converge to a wrong or inferior solution. In this paper, a solution interval method is introduced to find the optimal estimator for each parameter in a nonlinear model that minimizes the squared error of the fit. To initialize this method, it is not necessary for practitioners to guess the initial value of each parameter in a nonlinear model. The method includes three algorithms that require different levels of computational power to find the optimal parameter estimators. The method constructs a solution interval for each parameter in the model. These solution intervals significantly reduce the search space for optimal parameter estimators. The method also provides an empirical probability distribution for each parameter, which is valuable for parameter uncertainty assessment. The solution interval method is validated through two case studies in which the Michaelis–Menten model and Fick’s second law are fit to experimental data sets, respectively. These case studies show that the solution interval method can find optimal parameter estimators efficiently. A four-step procedure for implementing the solution interval method in practice is also outlined.
Enhancement of Flow Boiling at Very High Initial Surface Temperature by Using Various Additives
Authors: Swain B. , Pati A. R. , Mohapatra S. S. , Behera A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the current work, for the simultaneous attainment of enhancement and uniformity in temperature distribution in case of quenching performed in transition and nucleate boiling regimes, the heat treatment is performed by adopting thin coolant flow boiling methodology which depicts high replacement rate of vapor and low coolant consumption rate in comparison with the other cooling methodology such as jet and spray cooling. In addition to the above, the simultaneous flow over the entire plate reduces the intensity of nonuniformity in cooling. The analysis of experimental results in case of thin-film flow boiling clearly indicates significant improvement in initial heat flux (IHF) and critical heat flux (CHF) in comparison with low mass flux jet and spray coolings. The comparative study also ensures that better enhancement and uniformity in cooling are achieved in the current case in comparison with the process such as low mass flux spray and jet coolings. Furthermore, the calculation indicates very low coolant consumption characteristic in comparison with the others, the abovementioned parameters (CHF and IHF) alter due to the change in surface tension, viscosity, specific heat, and thermal conductivity of the coolant and therefore, the role of abovementioned coolant properties in case of thin-film boiling is monitored. For this, various additives such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), polyethylene glycol (PEG), Polyoxyethylene 20 Sorbitan Monolaurate (Tween 20), and ethanol were used. In the present work, the analysis discloses that for the better Nusselt number the optimum Reynolds number is 1953 and Ohensorge number and Prandtl number are 0.0032 and 5.85, respectively.