bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The care ethics of child health nurses in Danish asylum centers: An ethnographic study
Authors: Barghadouch A , Norredam M , Skovdal M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Asylum-seeking children have often been on a harrowing journey with potentially grave consequences for their health and well-being. As little is known about how child health nurses enter into engaging and caring partnerships with asylum-seeking families to meet their children's healthcare needs - despite challenges pertaining to culture and language - our objective is to examine how child health nurses navigate, negotiate and respond to the range of challenges, needs and circumstances that affect their nursing care practices.

Methods
We report on ethnographic fieldwork from four Danish Red Cross asylum centers, where child health nurses have their first encounters with asylum-seeking families. The fieldwork included participant observations of child health consultations and interviews with 6 child health nurses and 11 asylum-seeking families. We coded and analyzed the empirical material thematically to identify emerging and crosscutting themes.

Results
The care performed by the child health nurses was characterized by five ethical care practices. One, their care was driven by compassion, exhibiting intrinsic beliefs, values and personal motivations to care for asylum-seeking children. Two, they provided responsible care, building on their humanitarian and professional roles as child health nurses within Red Cross. Three, they showed flexibility, drawing on past experience and recognition of the families' complex needs. Four, they were collaborative, working in partnership with parents. Five, the child health nurses' care was empowering asylum-seeking families by encouraging parents to be autonomous and acknowledging their own efforts in caring for their children.

Conclusions
The confluence of the five ethical care practices enables child health nurses to promote and safeguard the health and well-being of asylum-seeking children. We argue that these practices are constituent parts of person-centered care for asylum-seeking and refugee children.

Key messages
We identified five ethical care practices, which enable child health nurses’ care of asylum-seeking children and their families. Our study provides an empirical understanding of how person-centered care is critical to asylum-seeking families.
Better mental health through identifying with locals and country of origin among foreign-born people
Authors: Seppänen A , Lilja E , Kuusio H , Castaneda A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Sense of belonging (SoB) is an important determinant of health among foreign-born population and it has previously been found to be associated with perceived health. In this study we examined: 1) which types of SoB are associated with psychological strain (PS), and 2) whether this varies between different country groups.

Methods
The data were gathered from the cross-sectional Survey on Well-Being among Foreign-Born Population (FinMonik, n = 6 836), conducted in Finland in 2018-19. SoB was assessed by the question “Which of the following areas or groups you feel you belong to?”, classified into 1) both Finns/local municipality and citizens of country of origin CCO (acculturation identity), 2) only Finns/local municipality (local identity), 3) only CCO (origin identity), 4) only Europeans, world citizens, religious, work-related or political group (other identity), and 5) none of the previous. PS was measured by using the MHI-5 (psychological strain: yes; no). Logistic regression was used to test the association between SoB and PS, with age, sex and country of origin as confounding variables. In the analyses, weights were used to reduce non-response bias.

Results
Compared to the acculturation identity group, PS was more common among those with local identity (OR = 1.60, p &lt; 0.01), origin identity (OR = 1.99, p &lt; 0.001) or other identity (OR = 3.33, p &lt; 0.001) and those with no belonging to any of the groups presented (OR = 5.40, p &lt; 0.001). The last group was more likely to experience PS than the acculturation identity group in all five country groups included in the analysis. Acculturation identity was associated with less PS especially for those born in EU-, EFTA- and North American countries.

Conclusions
Acculturation identity was strongly associated with less psychological strain, especially when compared with the group reporting no belonging to any of the groups presented.

Key messages
Sense of belonging is associated with mental health and should be studied more extensively among different foreign-born population groups. Identification with both the local people and one’s own country of origin should be supported.
“Migration and Health” in public health perspective course experience in a medical faculty, Turkey
Authors: Aslan D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Public health practices of medical training should be modifiable according to the needs of the population. Turkey has been facing with the refugee problem since 2011. In this regard, new requirements are arising for medical professionals starting from the medical faculties. In this paper, a new elective course introduced for medical students on migration and health will be defined.

Materials and Methods
”Migration and Health” in Public Health Perspective Course was proposed for the first phase medical students at Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine. The proposal was approved by the official mechanisms of the medical faculty after a detailed assessment. The aim of the approved Course was to gain information and increase awareness on health aspect of migration based on good medical practices.

Results
The Couse was held between October 2019 and January 2020 once a week for two hours. Fifteen Turkish and other international students completed the Course. Interactive training techniques were used during the Course. Feedbacks of the students were regularly taken after each class once a week. Reflections of the students were also recorded both at the beginning and at the end of the Course. The students were successful in achieving the aims of the Course. Additionally, another achievement was gained which was not proposed at the beginning of the Course. The “positive” attitude of the medical students refusing discrimination against refugees was the secondary and may be a more worthy outcome of the Course. All students were able to look at the refugee problem with good medical values and based on the basic rights of the humanity.

Conclusions
The students reported their satisfaction about the Course. As the Course was applied for the first time, it is open for revision according to the feedbacks received during of the Program. The Content, the methods will be overviewed before the next year.

Key messages
Medical students’ curricula could have been updated due to the new and the dynamic developments in the population. Refugee issue needs a global perspective which the medical students need to learn.
Health issues in female Moldovan migrants in a north-eastern Italian region
Authors: Buja A , Vianello F A , Zaccagnini F , Pinato C , Maculan P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Migration from Eastern Europe to Italy is still massively expanding, with a subsequent increase of migrants in the job market who are traditionally employed in low specialized and high strain jobs. In this context Health Literacy is a known factor contributing to immigrant health disparities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health status of a population of migrant Moldovan women and their access to health care services in northern Italy by age class and health literacy level.

Methods
We administered an ad-hoc questionnaire to adult Moldovan women to assess their lifestyles, employment status, reported health status, access to Health Services and Health Literacy. Moreover, the study compared our data with a sample of Italian women of the same age range living in North-Eastern region interviewed in 2015. Analysis employs descriptive statistics.

Results
The sample included 170 Moldovan women (age 46.5 ±12.3). Prevalence of active smokers was found double in women with a low Health Literacy. Health Literacy status also determined the different access to Public Health Services, with women with higher literacy using more programmed health services and screening programs, and women with lower literacy conversely using more emergency health services. Overall reported health status was found worse in our sample than in Italian women and reported disease prevalence among age ranges was different than Italian ones with an increased probability for allergies, lumbar diseases and depression.

Conclusions
Some diseases have a higher prevalence in Moldovan than in Italian women. Health literacy is associated with lifestyles and use of health care services also in migrants, as previously demonstrated for native population.

Key messages
Tailored prevention programs and intervention should be designed in Moldovan women to address high prevalence diseases in this population. Strategy to improve health literacy should involve immigrants. Some diseases resulted well-spread over the whole sample and not influenced by age or employment; the difficulties migrants have to overcome might influence their health status.
Are Norwegian Municipality policies enabling intersectoral collaboration in migration health?
Authors: Nordström C , Kumar B 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Issue
Sporadic accounts of initiatives, interventions and good practices in Migrant Health at the Municipality level account for Norways' lower score on “Measures to achieve change” in the Migrant Integration Policy Index (MIPEX). While the structure and organization at the municipality level should enable intersectoral action (as all under one umbrella), the municipal counties say lack of intersectoral collaboration is one of the main barriers for long-term public health work.

Description of the Problem
51 municipalities have an immigrant population larger than the national average 17,8% (2019). In a recent Country Assessment (part of Joint Action on Health Equity Europe), limited inter-sectoral action on the social determinants of health including migration was observed. Although multiple agencies are engaged in attempts to address these issues. While there is a drive to promote public health and primary health care in municipalities, these initiatives do not pay special attention to migrants. In the first stage of this project, we have reviewed municipal policy documents to map policy and measures on public health, migrant health and intersectoral collaboration. In the second stage, municipalities will be contacted to engage them in the implementation of intersectoral actions.

Results
The desk review and mapping show that only 8 of the “top” 32 municipalities mention “intersectoral” in the municipal master plan (5 were not available online), its mentioned in 9 action program/budgets, but not necessarily by the same municipalities. 15 of the municipalities mention migrants, but rarely in relation to health. We observe that, the size of the municipality, financial resources and support from the County are factors that may play a significant role in prioritising migrant health and intersectoral collaboration.

Lessons
Advocating for and supporting the local/municipal level for intersectoral action is highly relevant, timely and essential.

Key messages
Intersectoral action on the social determinants of migrants’ health needs to be implemented through municipal policies to reduce inequities in migrants’ health. Implementation on the local level is the main arena for good public health work and is crucial to ensure good health for migrants.
They just took him: Impacts of immigration enforcement on U.S. citizen Latino adolsecents’ well-being
Authors: Tellez Lieberman J , Bakely L , Correa C , Valdez C , Asadi Gonzalez A , Gonzalez-Fagoaga J E , Rangel M G , McGhee Hassrick E , Martinez-Donate A P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Escalating interior immigration enforcement by the Trump administration threatens U.S. Latino immigrant families, yet systematic evidence is limited regarding the impacts of immigration enforcement in this community. Our study explored lived experiences of U.S.-citizen adolescents affected by various levels of immigration enforcement, including parental deportation.

Methods
In-depth interviews were conducted with adolescents (13-17 years old, N = 7) who experienced-or were at risk of-parental deportation as part of a larger, on-going longitudinal study. Interviews queried after their health, family life, perceived discrimination, conceptualization of today's anti-immigrant climate and, if applicable, the circumstances and impact of their parent's deportation. A preliminary qualitative analysis of the interviews was conducted. Interview summaries were created and reviewed systematically. Major themes and qualitative assertions were derived and discussed by the analytical team.

Results
Parental detainment/deportation was inherently violent and traumatic and had profound mental/emotional, physical, socio-cultural and economic consequences for separated adolescents as they assumed adult roles and responsibilities. The threat of deportation negatively affected the well-being of adolescents with deportable parents, resulting in increased vigilance and stress. Participants were ambivalent regarding their desire to talk about the risk of deportation or their experiences with it, as well as their own identities as Latinx citizens. They also reported feelings of isolation, discrimination and victimization related to immigration enforcement.

Conclusions
Anticipated and experienced parental deportation negatively affects health and well-being among U.S.-citizen adolescents. Family-friendly immigration policies, community-based interventions, and family counseling are critical to protect this vulnerable population.

Key messages
Following deportation, the deportee’s family—especially their U.S.-citizen adolescents—are profoundly and negatively affected. Even the threat of deportation stresses adolescents and their families and results in negative psychosocial outcomes.
Decolonising the commissioning of Indigenous health and wellbeing program evaluations in Australia
Authors: Finlay S , Judd J , Roe Y , Fredericks B , Smith J , Foley D , Boulton A , Cargo M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Significant financial investments have been made to improve the life expectancy gap between Indigenous people and other Australians over the last 10 years. Despite the investment, few evaluations have been commissioned to assess program effectiveness. Indigenous leaders have been calling for a more active role in the commissioning of Indigenous program evaluations. This project aims to identify how government and non-government commissioning practices can better support Indigenous engagement and leadership in the evaluation of health and wellbeing programs in Australia. This presentation reports on the different commissioning models that support Indigenous program evaluations, from the perspectives of commissioners, evaluators and program providers.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 Indigenous and non-Indigenous commissioners, evaluators and program providers. A mixed coding procedure was used. Interviews were coded using deductively derived codes reflecting best practice principles in Indigenous evaluation and inductively derived codes from participant stories. Interviews were analysed using NVivo qualitative software. A collaborative group-based approach to data analysis was used guided by Indigenous Standpoint Theory.

Results
The commissioning of Indigenous-specific program evaluations in Australia reflects top-down, participatory, co-design and Indigenous-led approaches. Top-down approaches were considered 'extractive' and had limited or token Indigenous input. Indigenous models were more strongly aligned with best practice and reflected authentic Indigenous engagement. There was agreement across the stakeholder groups on the value of Indigenous engagement in the commissioning process. The presentation will elaborate on the different approaches, their characteristics, strengths/ limitations.

Conclusions
Diverse approaches to commissioning are used and reflect different levels of Indigenous engagement and leadership.

Key messages
In the commissioning of Indigenous evaluations there needs to be governance structures to support Indigenous engagement. In the commissioning of Indigenous evaluations there needs to be greater input by Indigenous people.
Communication barriers in maternity care - a questionnaire study among migrants to Norway
Authors: Bains S , Sundby J , Lindskog B V , Vangen S , Diep L M , Owe K , Sørbye I K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Sub-optimal maternity care among migrants has been reported in a number of European countries. Explanations are multifactorial; however, communication barriers have been suggested as a major factor. Our aim was to explore recent migrant women's reported need for interpreter, actual interpreter use and the understanding of information provided during maternity care in Norway.

Methods
As part of the multidisciplinary, mixed method MiPreg-project, we applied a quantitative questionnaire, using a modified version of Migrant Friendly Maternity Care Questionnaire. We included recently (≤ 5 years) migrated women born in low or middle-income countries giving birth in urban Oslo, Norway, during 2019. Face-to-face interviews in women's own language of choice were conducted postpartum.

Results
We included 401 women from 65 countries. The five most frequent languages spoken at home were English, Polish, Arabic, Urdu and Tigrinya. The Norwegian proficiency was low; 23% not at all, 39% with difficulty, 39% good. Two thirds of women would have understood the information during maternity care better in another language. Two out of five felt a need for interpreting services and of these 44% and 81% were not offered interpreter during pregnancy and birth, respectively. The woman's partner or other adult family member interpreted most frequently, followed by professional interpreter and healthcare professionals. The women themselves often felt they understood the information provided; 78% always, 20% sometimes and 2% rarely/never. Increased length of residency and higher education was associated with better understanding, also after adjusting for maternal age and immigrant status.

Discussions
Several communication barriers exist for recent migrant women, with possible consequences for quality of maternity care. Recommended standards for interpretation services were not followed. To address barriers, increased use of interpreter and multilingual antenatal courses could be effective.

Key messages
Low language proficiency and use of interpreter may contribute to disparities in maternity care for migrants. The unmet needs for interpretation services must be addressed with appropriate actions.
Sexual health knowledge and behaviours in International MSM Students in Australia
Authors: Demant D , Kang M , Saliba B 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
International sexual minority students, particularly men who have sex with men (MSM), experience disparities in health, including a significantly higher prevalence of HIV and other STIs and lower levels of sexual health services use. Limited research has been conducted in this population around sexual health knowledge, behaviour and services use.

Methods
A multi-language cross-sectional online survey was completed by 168 international MSM tertiary students (median age: 25 years) in New South Wales (Australia). Variables included demographics, sexual identity and behaviour, sexual health knowledge and behaviour including PrEP use as well as sexual health services use. Descriptive and correlational analyses, and binary logistic regressions were conducted.

Results
Sexual health knowledge including routes of HIV transmission was overall high in the sample, while 20% had limited knowledge regarding pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and 28% regarding post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). Less than half (44%) reported inconsistent condom use. PrEP use was low in the sample (14%) and not correlated with condom use. Sexual health behaviours and dimensions LGBT Community connectedness were significantly correlated with the use of different sexual health services.

Conclusions
This first comprehensive study among international MSM tertiary students in Australia demonstrates a high level of inconsistent condom use and low levels of PrEP use as well as strong correlations between sexual health behaviour and HIV/STI testing, and connectedness with other sexual minority men. International MSM students do not feel included in the local LGBT Community but demonstrate a strong desire to be involved. Those included were more likely to use vital sexual health services.

Key messages
International MSM students are an emerging priority population for sexual health research and practice. Future health promotion campaigns should consider incorporating strong community building and connectedness elements.
Barriers and enablers for Indigenous public health practitioners
Authors: Rawson E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Indigenous Maori Public Health Practitioners who work in mainstream public health systems experience significant barriers to workplace success and the barriers to positive public health impact in our communities. This is a Kaupapa Maori qualitative study that highlights the barriers and enablers to Maori Senior Public Health practitioners within Mainstream New Zealand Public Health Units. Given there are nearly 400 million Indigenous people worldwide, this is an opportunity to share recommendations from this research study with the global public health community about how to re-orient public health organisations and approaches to effectively address workforce development as well as improve engagement and impact in Indigenous communities.

Key messages
Indigenous knowledge is undervalued in Mainstream Public Health Systems. Indigenous inequities cannot be truly addressed unless providers re-orient themselves by authentically understanding Indigenous ways of working.