bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moderate and deep sedation for non-invasive paediatric procedures in tertiary maternity and children’s hospitals in China: A questionnaire survey from China
Authors: Li Bo , Zhang Ruidong , Huang Yue , Zhang Kan , Wat Chun Yin , Bai Jie , Zhang Mazhong , Zheng Jijian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Moderate and deep sedation are well-established techniques in many developed countries, and several guidelines have been published. However, they have received attention in China only in recent years. The aim of this study is to investigate current paediatric sedation practices in tertiary children’s hospitals and tertiary maternity and children hospitals in China. Methods: All tertiary children’s hospitals and tertiary maternity and children hospitals registered with the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China were invited to participate in an electronic survey, which included information on the sedation caseload, facility availability, staff structure, clinical-skill requirements for sedation providers, fasting guidelines, patient-monitoring practices, and choice of sedatives. Results: Fifty-eight of the 63 hospitals that completed the survey (92.1%) provided moderate and deep sedation. Dedicated sedation rooms and post-sedation recovery rooms were found in only 14 (24.1%) and 19 (32.8%) hospitals, respectively. Sedation for non-invasive procedures was primarily performed by anaesthesiologists (69.0%); however, 75.9% of the sedation providers had not received paediatric basic and advanced life-support training. Children were asked to fast from clear liquids for at least 2 h in 44.8% of hospitals and at most 6 h in 5.2% of hospitals; they were asked to fast from solid food/milk for at least 4 h in 27.6% of hospitals and more than 8 h in 1.7% of hospitals. The most commonly used sedative in all groups was chloral hydrate. For rescue, propofol was the most widely used sedative, particularly for children older than 4 years. Conclusion: Moderate and deep sedation practices vary widely in tertiary children’s hospitals and tertiary maternity and children hospitals in China. More optimized practices should be established to improve the quality of moderate and deep sedation.
The Year of Care approach: developing a model and delivery programme for care and support planning in long term conditions within general practice
Authors: Roberts Sue , Eaton Simon , Finch Tracy , Lewis-Barned Nick , Lhussier Monique , Oliver Lindsay , Rapley Tim , Temple-Scott Dawn 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: People with long term conditions (LTCs) make most of the daily decisions and carry out the activities which affect their health and quality of life. Only a fraction of each contact with a health care professional (HCP) is spent supporting this. This paper describes how care and support planning (CSP) and an implementation framework to redesign services, were developed to address this in UK general practice. Focussed on what is important to each individual, CSP brings together traditional clinical issues and the person’s lived experience in a solution focussed, forward looking conversation with an emphasis on ‘people not diseases’. Methods: The components of CSP were developed in three health communities using diabetes as an exemplar. This model was extended and refined for other single conditions and multimorbidity across 40 sites and two nations, over 15 years. Working with local teams and communities the authors used theoretical models of care, implementation and spread, developing and tailoring training, support and resources to embed CSP as usual care, sharing learning across a community of practice. Results: The purpose, content, process, developmental hurdles and impact of this CSP model are described, alongside an implementation strategy. There is now a robust, reproducible five step model; preparation, conversation, recording, actions and review. Uniquely, preparation, involving information sharing with time for reflection, enables an uncluttered conversation with a professional focussed on what is important to each person. The components of the Year of Care House act as a checklist for implementation, a metaphor for their interdependence and a flexible framework. Spreading CSP involved developing exemplar practices and building capacity across local health communities. These reported improved patient experience, practitioner job satisfaction, health behaviours and outcomes, teamwork, practice organisation, resource use, and links with wider community activities. Conclusions: Tested in multiple settings, CSP is a reproducible and practical model of planned care applicable to all LTCs, with the capacity to be transformative for people with LTCs and health care professionals. It recaptures relational dimensions of care with transactional elements in the background. Options for applying this model and implementation framework at scale now need to be explored.
Individualized PEEP titration guided by intratidal compliance profile analysis improves regional ventilation – a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Weber Jonas , Gutjahr Jan , Schmidt Johannes , Lozano-Zahonero Sara , Borgmann Silke , Schumann Stefan , Wirth Steffen 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background
Application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) improves lung aeration and reduces mechanical stress during mechanical ventilation. Although numerous approaches for PEEP titration have been proposed, there is no accepted strategy to titrate optimal PEEP. By analyzing the intratidal compliance profiles, PEEP may be titrated patient-individually.
Methods
After obtaining informed consent, we measured respiratory system mechanics, regional ventilation in 60 consecutive patients undergoing elective surgery, randomly allocated to the control group (PEEP = 5 cmH2O) or the intervention group receiving individually titrated PEEP, guided by intratidal compliance profile analysis. Primary endpoint was the frequencies of nonlinear intratidal compliance (CRS) profiles of the respiratory system (horizontal, increasing, decreasing and mixed). We further investigated respiratory and hemodynamic variables and regional ventilation.
Results
Frequencies of CRS profiles were comparable between the groups. Besides PEEP [control: 5.0 (0.0), intervention: 5.8 (1.1) cmH2O, p<0.001] respiratory and hemodynamic variables were comparable between the two groups. The compliance profile analysis showed no significant differences between the two groups. The loss of ventral and dorsal regional ventilation was higher in the control [ventral: 41.0 (16.3) %, dorsal: 25.9 (13.9) %] than in the intervention group [ventral: 29.3 (17.6) %, dorsal: 16.4 (12.7) %, p (ventral) = 0.039, p (dorsal) = 0.028].
Conclusions
Individualized PEEP titration according to bedside compliance profile analysis improves regional ventilation without affecting respiratory and hemodynamic variables negatively and may be a promising approach to patient-individual ventilation setting.
Comparative analysis of retrograde intrarenal surgery and modified Ultra-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy in management of lower pole renal stones (1.5-3.5 cm)
Authors: Li Zhuohang , Lai Cong , Shah Arvind K. , Xie Weibin , Liu Cheng , Huang Li , Li Kuiqing , Yu Hao , Xu Kewei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background：To compare the safety and efficacy of retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) and modified Ultra-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (UMP) in semi-supine combined lithotomy position for the management of 1.5-3.5 cm lower pole renal stones (LPSs).
Methods: A total of 63 patients with 1.5-3.5 cm LPSs who underwent RIRS (n= 33) or modified UMP (n= 30) in diameter between January 2017 and January 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Modified UMP was performed in semi-supine combined lithotomy position and a 9.5/11.5 F ureteral access sheath (UAS) was inserted during the procedure in order to maintain low pelvic pressure and to facilitate the removal of stone fragments. Base-line parameters, stone characteristics, illness condition, operation time, postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) drop, postoperative creatinine (Cr) elevation, length of hospital stay, length of postoperative hospital stay, stone-free rate (SFR) and complications were compared between the two groups.
Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in base-line parameters, stone characteristics and illness condition. The mean operating time of RIRS group was longer than UMP group (95.61 ± 21.9 vs. 55.0 ± 16.1 min, p< 0.001). The mean postoperative Hb drop was less in RIRS group (7.42 ± 4.7 vs. 15.70 ± 9.8 g/L, p< 0.001). The length of hospital stay and postoperative hospital stay for RIRS were shorter than UMP (4.76 ± 1.1 vs. 5.83 ± 0.8 d, p< 0.001, 2.97 ± 0.9 vs. 4.07 ± 0.9 d, p< 0.001). The Early SFR was higher in UMP group (54.5 vs. 80.0%, p< 0.050) while SFR at 1-month and 3-months postoperatively was similar in both groups (p= 0.504, p= 0.675). There were no significant differences between the two groups in complications (p= 0.228).
Conclusion：For patients with 1.5-3.5 cm LPSs, both modified UMP and RIRS are safe and viable. The modified UMP technique was used in this study, application semi-supine combined lithotomy position and the retention of UAS can improve the surgical efficiency and maintain low pressure perfusion in the kidney, which resulted in superior treatment efficacy. Therefore, we highly recommend this technique for LPSs with heavy stone burdens.
Severity and prevalence of various types of mental ill-health in a general adult population: Age and sex differences
Authors: Höglund Per , Hakelind Camilla , Nordin Steven 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Purpose Taking a broad approach, the aim of this study was to better understand the extent of severity and prevalence in various types of mental ill-health across age groups and sexes in the general adult population. A first objective was to determine symptom severity of anxiety, depression, insomnia, burnout and somatization in combinations of different age groups and sex. A second objective was to determine prevalence of caseness of these types of mental ill-health in both absolute and relative terms in the combinations of age groups and sex. Methods: Cross-sectional data were used from the Västerbotten Environmental Health Study in Sweden. In total 3406 participants, aged 18 to 79 years, constituted a random sample stratified for age and sex.Results The results show that severity and prevalence of anxiety, insomnia and burnout were high among women, in particular young women, but decreased with age. Men aged 30-49 years had the highest prevalence for mental ill-health compared to other age groups among men. Men and women aged 60-69 years had generally the lowest symptom severity and caseness. In contrast to many other studies the prevalence for depression shows a similarity between men and women in all age groups. The sex-related differences in extent were generally largest in the youngest age group, and gradually decreased with age.Conclusion As mental ill-health starts early in life, interventions aimed at early detection and treatment are necessary to reduce the severity and prevalence of common types of mental ill-health in society.
High-throughput sequencing analysis of intestinal flora changes in elderly hemodialysis CKD patients
Authors: liu yan , Hu Jianguang , Zhong Xiaoshi , Yan Jing , Zhou Daoyuan , Qin Danping , Xiao Xiao , Zheng Yuanyuan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) disease affects gut flora by causing dysbiosis and lead to systemic inflammatory conditions. Here, we provide intestinal flora changes of CKD patients undertook different hemodialysis therapy.Methods Patients were recruited during 2017-2019 and divided into healthy control group (CT), CKD non-dialysis group (CKD), hemodialysis group (HD) and peritoneal dialysis group (PD). Intestinal flora genome 16S rDNA sequencing and further bio-informatic analysis were performed.Results Decreased diversity and altered communities of intestinal flora in PD patients, in which microbial diversity was positive correlated with the albumin level were observed. A total of 20 intestinal flora phyla were detected in 166 fecal samples, divided into 3 dominant intestinal types including Bacteroides-dominant gut type, Firmicutes-dominant type and Proteobacteria-dominant gut type. Further analyses found 198 genera, the abundance of 86 genera were significantly different. Butyrate-producing taxa as Faecalibacterium in genera level and Bifidobacteriaceae and Prevotellaceae in family level were dominant genus in CT, CKD, and HD groups, while urease containing-, indole- and p-cresol-forming taxa as Escherichia in genera and Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae in family level was dominated genus in PD group. Number of differential expressed genes in KEGG enrichment pathways were significantly different in PD group in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, translation, and membrane transport.Conclusion Our results suggest peritoneal dialysis therapy could result in reduced diversity and altered microbial communities, with reduced probiotic butyrate-producing taxa and increased urease containing-, indole- and p-cresol-forming taxa. The disordered intestinal flora can seriously affect the nutrition level in CKD patients with PD therapy.
Active Ankylosing Spondylitis Increases Blood Loss during Total Hip Arthroplasty for a Stiff Hip Joint
Authors: Hu Yong , Jiang Wei-Zhou 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) has been highlighted as the best treatment option for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with advanced hip involvement. The huge blood loss associated with THA is a common concern of postoperative complications. Disease activity is a specific reflection of systematic inflammation of AS. The purpose of this study was to determine the eﬀect of disease activity on blood loss during THA in patients with AS. Methods: Forty-nine patients with AS who underwent unilateral THAs were retrospectively studied. Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) was employed to evaluate the disease activity. Orthopedic Surgery Transfusion Hemoglobin European Overview (OSTHEO) formula was used to assess the surgical blood loss. The patients were divided into active group (ASDAS≥1.3; n=32) and stable groups (ASDAS<1.3; n=17) based on the ASDAS. Peri-operative laboratory values, plain radiographs, intra-operative data, transfusion volume, and use of hemostatic agents were recorded and statistically analyzed. Results: The ASDAS, pre-operative C-reactive protein level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and fibrinogen concentration in the active group were higher than the stable group (all P <0.05); however, the pre-operative hemoglobin concentration and albumin level were higher in the stable group (both P <0.05). The total blood loss during THA in stable patients was 1415.31 mL and 2035.04 mL in active patients ( P =0.006). The difference between the two groups was shown to be consistent after excluding the gender difference ( P =0.030). A high transfusion rate existed in both groups (stable group, 76.47% with an average of 1.53 units; active group, 84.37% with an average of 2.31 units), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (both P >0.05). Compensated blood loss, corresponding to transfusion, was noted significantly more often in the active group compared to the stable group ( P =0.027). Conclusion: Active AS patients are at high risk for increased blood loss during THA compared to stable patients. The underlying mechanism includes disorders of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, poor nutrition status, osteoporosis, imbalance of oxidative–antioxidative status and local inflammatory reaction. It is strongly recommended to perform THA in AS patients with stable disease.
Differential use of pulse wave velocity and ankle-brachial index in elderly Chinese and novel serum bio-markers for predicting arterial stiffness: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fu Guoxiang , Zhong Yuan , Pan Fengfeng , Xu Chanchan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background Arterial stiffness is characterized by the loss of vessel elasticity and arterial compliance. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ankle-brachial Index (ABI) are widely used in clinic for evaluating arterial stiffness. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of PWV and ABI in elderly Chinese and investigate novel bio-markers for aging related arterial stiffness. Methods PWV and ABI were evaluated in 169 elderly Chinese with mean age of 85.7 years. 86 of the participants had serum concentrations of angiotensin Ⅱ, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), osteopontin and glutathione peroxidase tested in further. Results Compared with normotensive participants, PWV levels elevated in both limbs of hypertensive patients ( 2219 ± 90 cm/s v.s. 1970 ± 66 cm/s, P = 0.090 and 2141 ± 52 cm/s v.s. 1932 ± 67 cm/s, P = 0.023, separately) . Compared with non- diabetes mellitus participants, ABI levels declined in both limbs of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients( 0.96 ± 0.02 v.s. 1.05 ± 0.02, P = 0.002 and 0.99 ± 0.03 v.s. 1.03 ± 0.02, P = 0.071, separately). VCAM was included in both regression models for predicting PWV in left limbs and PWV in right limbs ( Beta= - 0.307, P= 0.048; Beta= - 0.358, P= 0.020, separately). Osteopontin was included in both regression models for predicting ABI in left limbs and ABI in right limbs ( Beta= - 0.320, P= 0.039; Beta= - 0.290, P= 0.011, separately). Conclusions: Differential use of PWV and ABI should be considered in elderly with hypertension and/or DM. Serum levels of VCAM and osteopontin might be independent bio-markers for predicting arterial stiffness. KEYWORDS Arterial stiffness in elderly; Pulse wave velocity; Ankle-brachial Index; Vascular cell adhesion molecule; Osteopontin
The material quality of a new hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens
Authors: Yildirim Timur M. , Fang Hui , Schickhardt Sonja K. , Wang Qiang , Merz Patrick R. , Auffarth Gerd U. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background The formation of fluid-filled microvacuoles, termed glistenings, is a common complication of intraocular lenses (IOLs) made from hydrophobic acrylate. Using our well established in-vitro laboratory method, we evaluated a new IOL material’s resistance to glistenings formation. Methods An in-vitro stress test for glistenings induction was performed on twenty samples of hydrophobic acrylic IOLs: ten of the new Eyecryl ASHFY600 (Biotech Vision Care, Ahmedabad, India) compared with ten samples of AcrySof IQ SN60WF (Alcon, Fort Worth, USA). The number of microvacuoles per square millimetre (MV/mm 2 ) was evaluated in five sections of each IOL. The results for each model were compared and rated on the Miyata Scale for grading glistening severity. Results In all cases, glistenings number was higher in the central section of the IOL optic than in the periphery. Mean number of MV/mm 2 was highest in the central part of the AcrySof IQ SN60WF, with 41.84 (±27.67) MVs/mm 2 . The lowest number of glistenings was found in the five sections of the Eyecryl ASHFY600 with 0.52 (±0.24) MVs/mm 2 . Mean value of the Eyecryl ASHFY600 IOL, using the Miyata Scale, was Zero. Conclusion In this in-vitro laboratory study, the new hydrophobic acrylic IOL showed a high resistance to microvacuole formation. In clinical use, one can confidently expect glistenings numbers will be low and clinically irrelevant in the Eyecryl ASHFY600.
iPNHOT: A knowledge-based approach for identifying protein-nucleic acid interaction hot spots
Authors: Zhu Xiaolei , Liu Ling , He Jingjing , Fang Ting , Xiong Yi , Mitchell Julie C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Background

The interaction between proteins and nucleic acids plays pivotal roles in various biological processes such as transcription, translation, and gene regulation. Hot spots are a small set of residues that contribute most to the binding affinity of a protein-nucleic acid interaction. Compared to the extensive studies of the hot spots on protein-protein interfaces, the hot spot residues within protein-nucleic acids interfaces remain less well-studied, in part because mutagenesis data for protein-nucleic acids interaction are not as abundant as that for protein-protein interactions.Results

In this study, we built a new computational model, iPNHOT, to effectively predict hot spot residues on protein-nucleic acids interfaces. One training data set and an independent test set were collected from dbAMEPNI and some recent literature, respectively. To build our model, we generated 97 different sequential and structural features and used a two-step strategy to select the relevant features. The final model was built based only on 7 features using a support vector machine (SVM). The features include two unique features such as ∆SASsa 1/2 and esp3, which are newly proposed in this study. Based on the cross validation results, our model gave F1 score and AUC as 0.725 and 0.807 on the subset collected from ProNIT, respectively, compared to 0.407 and 0.670 of mCSM-NA, a state-of-the art model to predict the thermodynamic effects of protein-nucleic acid interaction. The iPNHOT model was further tested on the independent test set, which showed that our model outperformed other methods.Conclusion

In this study, by collecting data from a recently published database dbAMEPNI, we proposed a new model, iPNHOT, to predict hotspots on both protein-DNA and protein-RNA interfaces. The result shows that our model outperformed the existing state-of-art models. Our model is available for users through a webserver: http://zhulab.ahu.edu.cn/iPNHOT/ .
Exploring the Genetic Diversity of Wild Cranberry Populations in the Upper Midwestern United States
Authors: Rodríguez‐Bonilla Lorraine , Bonilla Fabian Rodríguez , Matusinec Daniel , Wiesman Eric , Schoville Sean D. , Atucha Amaya , Zalapa Juan 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTPlant breeding continuously evolves to satisfy the needs of the growing population, but in many crops, it has resulted in a decline in the genetic diversity available. Therefore, increasing knowledge of the range, genetic relationships, and diversity among crop wild relatives (CWR) is essential for the efficient use of available germplasm in breeding programs. In cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.), most cultivars share the same genetic background based on only a few wild selections. This limits the breeding pool for selection to support the cranberry industry. Therefore, we studied 36 wild populations of V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos L. across Wisconsin and Minnesota using 32 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. We found high levels of heterozygosity in both species, despite previous molecular markers studies revealing low genetic variation. In V. macrocarpon, a total of 294 alleles and moderate to high levels of heterozygosity (observed [HO] = 0.51, total [HT] = 0.66) were found. As expected for outcrossed polyploid species (4x), higher levels of heterozygosity (HO = 0.81, HT = 0.83) were found in V. oxycoccos than in V. macrocarpon. A comparison between wild V. macrocarpon with a group of cultivated and experimental hybrids found a distinct separation between both groups, suggesting there is diversity in the wild that needs to be explored and incorporated into breeding programs. The results of our studies are the first to explore in depth the genetic diversity of wild cranberry populations in the upper midwestern United States and provide novel information to support in situ conservation efforts to protect CWR of one of the few North American native crops.