bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Security: Managerial Tensions and Synergies
Authors: Schulman Paul R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe relationship between organizational safety and security is a conceptual and practical challenge. This paper focuses on the management aspects of this challenge. Its argument is that we have yet to parse out the full range of contradictory and complementary requirements of these two as managerial missions. Considering the requirements for high reliability management can provide a clarifying lens for sorting out the contradictions and complementarities. Some overlapping requirements from a high reliability perspective actually argue for an integration of the two missions within one managerial framework with enhancements for “higher resolution” reliability.
The tamed MHD equations
Authors: Schenke Andre 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe study a regularised version of the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations, the tamed MHD (TMHD) equations. They are a model for the flow of electrically conducting fluids through porous media. We prove existence and uniqueness of TMHD on the whole space $${\mathbb {R}}^{3}$$

R

3

, that smooth data give rise to smooth solutions and show that solutions to TMHD converge to a suitable weak solution of the MHD equations as the taming parameter N tends to infinity. Furthermore, we adapt a regularity result for the Navier–Stokes equations to the MHD case.
Combined trauma in craniomaxillofacial and orthopedic-traumatological patients: the need for proper interdisciplinary care in trauma units
Authors: Mühlenfeld Nils , Thoenissen Philipp , Verboket René , Sader Robert , Marzi Ingo , Ghanaati Shahram 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aim
The primary aim of this study was to analyze frequency and characteristics of combined facial and peripheral trauma with consecutive hospitalization and treatment.

Materials and methods
The study included all patients with concomitant orthopedic-traumatolgical (OT) and craniomaxillofacial (CMF) injuries admitted to our level I trauma center in 2018. The data were collected by analysis of the institution’s database and radiological reviews and included age, sex, injury type, weekday and time of presentation. All patients were examined and treated by a team of surgeons specialized in OT and CMF directly after presentation.

Results
A total number of 1040 combined OT and CMF patients were identified. Mean age was 33.0 ± 26.2 years. 67.3% (n = 700) were male patients. Primary presentation happened most frequently on Sundays (n = 199) and between 7 and 8 pm (n = 74). 193 OT fractures were documented, where cervical spine injuries were most frequent (n = 30). 365 facial and skull fractures were recorded. 10.8% of the 204 patients with fractures of the viscerocranium presented with at least one fracture of the extremity, 7.8% (16/204) with cervical spine fractures, 33.3% (68/204) with signs of closed brain trauma and 9.8% (20/204) with intracranial hemorrhage.

Discussion
The study shows a high frequency of combined facial with OT-injuries and brain damage in a predominantly young and male cohort. Attendance by interdisciplinary teams of both CMF and OT surgeons specialized in cervical spine trauma surgery is highly advisable for adequate treatment.

Conclusion
Diagnostics and treatment should be performed by a highly specialized OT and CMF team, with a consulting neurosurgeon in a level-1 trauma center to avoid missed diagnoses and keep mortality low.
Differential expression of transcription factor- and further growth-related genes correlates with contrasting cluster architecture in Vitis vinifera ‘Pinot Noir’ and Vitis spp. genotypes
Authors: Richter Robert , Rossmann Susanne , Gabriel Doreen , Töpfer Reinhard , Theres Klaus , Zyprian Eva 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGrapevine (Vitis viniferaL.) is an economically important crop that needs to comply with high quality standards for fruit, juice and wine production. Intense plant protection is required to avoid fungal damage. Grapevine cultivars with loose cluster architecture enable reducing protective treatments due to their enhanced resilience against fungal infections, such asBotrytis cinerea-induced gray mold. A recent study identified transcription factor geneVvGRF4as determinant of pedicel length, an important component of cluster architecture, in samples of two loose and two compact quasi-isogenic ‘Pinot Noir’ clones. Here, we extended the analysis to 12 differently clustered ‘Pinot Noir’ clones from five diverse clonal selection programs. Differential gene expression of these clones was studied in three different locations over three seasons. Two phenotypically opposite clones were grown at all three locations and served for standardization. Data were correlated with the phenotypic variation of cluster architecture sub-traits. A set of 14 genes with consistent expression differences between loosely and compactly clustered clones—independent from season and location—was newly identified. These genes have annotations related to cellular growth, cell division and auxin metabolism and include two more transcription factor genes,PRE6andSEP1-like. The differential expression ofVvGRF4in relation to loose clusters was exclusively found in ‘Pinot Noir’ clones. Gene expression studies were further broadened to phenotypically contrasting F1 individuals of an interspecific cross and OIV reference varieties of loose cluster architecture. This investigation confirmedPRE6and six growth-related genes to show differential expression related to cluster architecture over genetically divergent backgrounds.
Die Behandlung des Chondroblastoms im Humeruskopf
Authors: Oenning Sebastian , Schneider Kristian Nikolaus , Gosheger Georg , Theil Christoph , Müller Friederike , Deventer Niklas , Lübben Timo 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungWir präsentieren den Fall einer 22-jährigen Patientin mit einem histopathologisch gesicherten Chondroblastom des rechten Humeruskopfes. Um bei der jungen und funktionell anspruchsvollen Patientin eine möglichst schonende und anatomische Rekonstruktion der humeralen Gelenkfläche zu erzielen, ohne dabei auf einen totalendoprothetischen Gelenkersatz zurückzugreifen, implantierten wir nach intraläsionaler Kürettage des Chondroblastoms eine HemiCAP®. Die sehr guten funktionellen Kurzzeitergebnisse zeigen, dass dieser Therapieansatz eine sehr gute Behandlungsoption darstellen kann.
WAAM system with interpass temperature control and forced cooling for near-net-shape printing of small metal components
Authors: Kozamernik Nejc , Bračun Drago , Klobčar Damjan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn an attempt to find a solution similar to the FDM 3D printers which would allow cost-effective and reliable additive manufacturing of metal components, this paper proposes a three-axis WAAM system capable of reliably printing small, near-net-shape metal objects. The system consists of gas metal arc (GMA) process equipment, a three-axis CNC positioning system, the interpass temperature control and forced cooling of the base plate and the deposit. The main challenge addressed is the minimisation of shape distortions caused by excessive heat accumulation when printing small objects. The interpass temperature control uses an IR pyrometer to remotely measure the last deposited layer and a control system to keep the interpass temperature below the predefined value by stopping the deposition after each layer in order to allow the deposit to cool. This results in a stable and more repeatable shape of the deposit, even when the heat transfer conditions are changing during the build-up process. The combination of adaptive interlayer dwell time and forced cooling significantly improves system productivity. Open-source NC control and path generation software is used, which enables fast and easy creation of the control code. Different control methods are evaluated through the printing of simple walls, and the printing accuracy is evaluated by printing small shell objects. As the results show, the interpass temperature control allows small objects to be printed at near-net shape with a deviation of 2%, which means that successful printing of 3D shapes can be achieved without trial and error approach.
IP solutions for international kidney exchange programmes
Authors: Mincu Radu-Stefan , Biró Péter , Gyetvai Márton , Popa Alexandru , Verma Utkarsh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn kidney exchange programmes patients with end-stage renal failure may exchange their willing, but incompatible living donors among each other. National kidney exchange programmes are in operation in ten European countries, and some of them have already conducted international exchanges through regulated collaborations. The exchanges are selected by conducting regular matching runs (typically every three months) according to well-defined constraints and optimisation criteria, which may differ across countries. In this work we give integer programming formulations for solving international kidney exchange problems, where the optimisation goals and constraints may be different in the participating countries and various feasibility criteria may apply for the international cycles and chains. We also conduct simulations showing the long-run effects of international collaborations for different pools and under various national restrictions and objectives. We compute the expected gains of the cooperation between two countries with different pool sizes and different restrictions on the cycle-length. For instance, if country A allows 3-way cycles and country B allows 2-way cycles only, whilst the pool size of country A is four times larger than the pool size of country B (which is a realistic case for the relation of Spain and France, respectively), then the increase in the number of transplants will be about 2% for country A and about 37% for country B.
On the reproducibility of hippocampal MEGA-sLASER GABA MRS at 7T using an optimized analysis pipeline
Authors: Völzke Yannik , Pracht Eberhard D. , Hattingen Elke , Y.Tse Desmond H. , Stöcker Tony 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesGABA is the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter. Thus, variation in its concentration is connected to a wide variety of diseases. However, the low concentration and the overlap of more prominent resonances hamper GABA quantification using MR spectroscopy. The hippocampus plays a pivotal role in neurodegeneration. Susceptibility discontinuities in the vicinity of the hippocampus cause strongB0inhomogeneities, impeding GABA spectroscopy. The aim of this work is to improve the reproducibility of hippocampal GABA+ MRS.MethodsThe GABA+/total creatine ratio in the hippocampus was measured using a MEGA-sLASER sequence at 7 Tesla. 10 young healthy volunteers participated in the study. A dedicated pre-processing approach was established. Spectral quantification was performed with Tarquin. The quantification parameters were carefully adjusted to ensure optimal quantification.ResultsAn inter-subject coefficient of variation of the GABA+/total creatine of below 15% was achieved. Additional to spectral registration, which is essential to obtain reproducible GABA measures, eddy current compensation and additional difference artifact suppression improved the reproducibility. The mean FWHM was 23.1 Hz (0.078 ppm).ConclusionThe increased spectral dispersion of ultra-high-field spectroscopy allows for reproducible spectral quantification, despite a very broad line width. The achieved reproducibility enables the routine use of hippocampal GABA spectroscopy at 7 Tesla.
Prognostic significance of serum inflammatory markers in esophageal cancer
Authors: Powell Arfon G. M. T. , Eley Catherine , Chin Carven , Coxon Alexandra H , Christian Adam , Lewis Wyn G. ,   South East Wales Oesophagogastric Cancer Collaborative
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to assess the relative prognostic value of biomarkers to measure the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) and potentially improve prognostic modeling in patients undergoing potentially curative surgery for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EC).

Methods
Consecutive 330 patients undergoing surgery for EC between 2004 and 2018 within a regional UK cancer network were identified. Serum measurements of haemoglobin, C-reactive protein, albumin, modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS), and differential neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were obtained before surgery, and correlated with histopathological factors and outcomes. Primary outcome measures were disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results
Of 330 OC patients, 294 underwent potentially curative esophagectomy. Univariable DFS analysis revealed pT, pN, pTNM stage (all p < 0.001), poor differentiation (p = 0.001), vascular invasion (p < 0.001), R1 status (p < 0.001), perioperative chemotherapy (p = 0.009), CRP (p = 0.010), mGPS (p = 0.011), and NLR (p < 0.001), were all associated with poor survival. Multivariable Cox regression analysis of DFS revealed only NLR [Hazard Ratio (HR) 3.63, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 2.11–6.24, p < 0.001] retained significance. Multivariable Cox regression analysis of OS revealed similar findings: NLR [HR 2.66, (95% CI 1.58–4.50), p < 0.001].

Conclusion
NLR is an important SIR prognostic biomarker associated with DFS and OS in EC.
The effects of coating culture dishes with collagen on fibroblast cell shape and swirling pattern formation
Authors: Hashimoto Kei , Yamashita Kimiko , Enoyoshi Kanako , Dahan Xavier , Takeuchi Tatsu , Kori Hiroshi , Gotoh Mari 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMotile human-skin fibroblasts form macroscopic swirling patterns when grown to confluence on a culture dish. In this paper, we investigate the effect of coating the culture-dish surface with collagen on the resulting pattern, using human-skin fibroblast NB1RGB cells as the model system. The presence of the collagen coating is expected to enhance the adherence of the fibroblasts to the dish surface, and thereby also enhance the traction that the fibroblasts have as they move. We find that, contrary to our initial expectation, the coating does not significantly affect the motility of the fibroblasts. Their eventual number density at confluence is also unaffected. However, the coherence length of cell orientation in the swirling pattern is diminished. We also find that the fibroblasts cultured in collagen-coated dishes are rounder in shape and shorter in perimeter, compared with those cultured in uncoated polystyrene or glass culture dishes. We hypothesise that the rounder cell-shape which weakens the cell–cell nematic contact interaction is responsible for the change in coherence length. A simple mathematical model of the migrating fibroblasts is constructed, which demonstrates that constant motility with weaker nematic interaction strength does indeed lead to the shortening of the coherence length.
French polar response particles and neg movement
Authors: Pasquereau Jérémy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractI present new data from European French involving embedded polar response particles (a.k.a.yes/noparticles) in response to negative questions and develop a novel proposal which integrates the insights of previous analyses (e.g. Holmberg in Lingua 128:31–50, 2013; Roelofsen and Farkas in Language 91(2):359–414, 2015). The main puzzle has to do with the interpretation ofnon‘no’ (bare or followed by a clause), which may assert its antecedent or the negation of its antecedent. It is shown that the meaning ofnon-responses varies as a function of the scope of negation with respect to various operators in its antecedent. Polar response particles in French are analyzed as the spell-out of a Polarity head which has moved from a lower position. The various interpretations of polar response particles are modelled as being constrained by the interaction between the necessity of the movement of the Polarity head and a constraint on scope preservation. The ramifications of this proposal for related phenomena (e.g. ‘low negation’ in English, N-word responses) are then discussed.
Generation of Alkalinity by Stimulation of Microbial Iron Reduction in Acid Rock Drainage Systems: Impact of Natural Organic Matter Types
Authors: Jimenez-Castaneda Martha E. , Scarinci Carolina , Burke Adam , Boothman Christopher , Vaughan David J. , Lloyd Jonathan R. , van Dongen Bart E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo determine the role of organic matter in the attenuation of acid rock drainage (ARD), microcosm-based experiments were performed using ARD stimulated with plants and manures. Initial mineralogical, organic geochemical and microbial analyses indicated a predominance of goethite, a substantial amount of organic carbon originating from local sources, and a bacterial community comparable with those detected in a range of ARD sites worldwide. After 100 days of incubation, changes in the mineralogical, organic and microbiological composition of the ARD demonstrated that the plant additions stimulate microbes with the potential to degrade this organic matter but do not necessarily cause substantial Fe(III) reduction. Conversely, the greatest observed stimulation of Fe(III) reduction, associated with an increase in pH to near-neutral values, was observed using manure additions. These results demonstrate that the use of the optimal natural carbon source is important and can promote the metabolism of microorganisms potentially fuelling a range of geomicrobial processes, including iron and sulfate reduction.
On the dynamics emerging from pandemics and infodemics
Authors: Leitner Stephan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis position paper discusses emerging behavioral, social, and economic dynamics related to the COVID-19 pandemic and puts particular emphasis on two emerging issues: First, delayed effects (or second strikes) of pandemics caused by dread risk effects are discussed whereby two factors which might influence the existence of such effects are identified, namely the accessibility of (mis-)information and the effects of policy decisions on adaptive behavior. Second, the issue of individual preparedness to hazardous events is discussed. As events such as the COVID-19 pandemic unfolds complex behavioral patterns which are hard to predict, sophisticated models which account for behavioral, social, and economic dynamics are required to assess the effectivity and efficiency of decision-making.
Detection and confirmation of the ring-opened carboxylic acid metabolite of a new synthetic opioid furanylfentanyl
Authors: Kanamori Tatsuyuki , Okada Yuki , Segawa Hiroki , Yamamuro Tadashi , Kuwayama Kenji , Tsujikawa Kenji , Togawa-Iwata Yuko 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Recently, the opioid epidemic has become a serious problem, particularly in North America and Europe. The aim of this study was to clarifyQuery the metabolic fate of a new synthetic opioid furanylfentanyl.

Methods
The metabolism of furanylfentanyl was investigated by incubating fresh human hepatocytes with 10 µM furanylfentanyl at 37 °C for 48 h in an atmosphere of 5% CO2. After incubation, the culture medium was deproteinized and analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Results
On the chromatogram, four metabolites of furanylfentanyl were presumably detected: 4´-hydroxy-furanylfentanyl, β-hydroxy-furanylfentanyl, 4´-hydroxy-3´-methoxy-furanylfentanyl, and a ring-opened carboxylic acid metabolite. These newly found metabolites of furanylfentanyl were then definitely identified using chemically synthesized authentic standards.

Conclusions
Four metabolites of furanylfentanyl were newly identified. Although it has been proposed over recent years that a dihydrodiol metabolite, which has the same molecular weight as the ring-opened carboxylic acid metabolite, is formed from furanylfentanyl, this study demonstrated that the ring-opened carboxylic acid metabolite, rather than the dihydrodiol metabolite, is formed from furanylfentanyl.
Primary Care Practitioners’ Barriers to and Experience of COVID-19 Epidemic Control in China: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Xu Zhijie , Ye Yuanqu , Wang Yang , Qian Yi , Pan Jianjiang , Lu Yiting , Fang Lizheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019 and posed numerous challenges to China’s health system. Almost 4 million primary care practitioners (PCPs) participated in controlling the outbreak. However, PCPs’ barriers to and experience of the epidemic control remain unknown and are essential for improving countermeasures.ObjectiveTo better understand the barriers PCPs faced in COVID-19 epidemic control and their psychological and occupational impacts, and explore potential solutions.DesignThis qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured, in-depth interviews from February 12, to March 10, 2020.ParticipantsA purposive sample of frontline PCPs affiliated with either community health centers or township health centers in four provinces of China were recruited.ApproachInterviews were conducted by telephone, and then recorded, transcribed, and content analyzed. Themes surrounding PCPs’ barriers to COVID-19 epidemic control, their experience, and potential solutions were iteratively identified using the constant comparative method.Key ResultsOf the 21 PCPs interviewed, 10 (48%) were women and 5 (24%) worked in rural areas. Barriers to epidemic control in primary care included inappropriate PCP scheduling and role ambiguity, difficult tasks and inadequate capacities, and inexperienced community workers and insufficient cooperation. Some PCPs perceived respect and a sense of accomplishment and were preoccupied with the outbreak, while others were frustrated by fatigue and psychological distress. PCPs reported potential solutions for improving countermeasures, such as improving management, optimizing workflows, providing additional support, facilitating cooperation, and strengthening the primary care system.ConclusionsDue to their roles in controlling the COVID-19 epidemic, PCPs in China faced a series of barriers that affected them physically and mentally. Support for PCPs should help them to overcome these barriers and work efficiently. The current findings provide insight into the challenges and potential solutions for strengthening the preparedness and response of China’s primary care system in future disease outbreaks.
Thermodynamics, adsorption, and response surface methodology investigation of the corrosion inhibition of aluminum by Terminalia chebula Ritz. extract in H3PO4
Authors: Prabhu Deepa , Prabhu P. R. , Rao Padmalatha 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study focuses on investigating the effect of Terminalia chebula Ritz. extract (TCE) for corrosion inhibition of Al in phosphoric acid (H3PO4) using potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) technique. In this study, the effect of concentration of TCE extract, the concentration of H3PO4 acid medium, and temperature (T) was investigated on the corrosion current density (icorr) and inhibition efficiency (IE). The TCE was characterized by FTIR analysis, and the adsorption of TCE was justified with the help of kinetic, thermodynamic, adsorption isotherm parameters. The surface morphology study was done using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The study also focuses on identifying the optimum process parameters for obtaining the maximum IE by applying the response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability function approach. The maximum IE of 83.24% was achieved at a temperature of 30 ℃, the concentration of TCE extract of 500 ppm, and H3PO4 acid concentration of 0.5 M. Regression analysis, Pareto chart, normal chart, main effect, and interaction effect plots are employed to acquire an in-depth understanding of process variables on IE. The IE obtained from the experiments and the predicted model is in a close match and a high value of the coefficient of determination (R2 = 99.98%) displays that the generated model was able to estimate the IE accurately from the selected process variables.