bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of perinatal collaborative care: a health services approach to perinatal depression care
Authors: Miller Emily S. , Jensen Rebekah , Hoffman M. Camille , Osborne Lauren M. , McEvoy Katherine , Grote Nancy , Moses-Kolko Eydie L. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Aim:
Our objective was to integrate lessons learned from perinatal collaborative care programs across the United States, recognizing the diversity of practice settings and patient populations, to provide guidance on successful implementation.

Background:
Collaborative care is a health services delivery system that integrates behavioral health care into primary care. While efficacious, effectiveness requires rigorous attention to implementation to ensure adherence to the core evidence base.

Methods:
Implementation strategies are divided into three pragmatic stages: preparation, program launch, and program growth and sustainment; however, these steps are non-linear and dynamic.

Findings:
The discussion that follows is not meant to be prescriptive; rather, all implementation tasks should be thoughtfully tailored to the unique needs and setting of the obstetric community and patient population. In particular, we are aware that implementation on the level described here assumes commitment of both effort and money on the part of clinicians, administrators, and the health system, and that such financial resources are not always available. We conclude with synthesis of a survey of existing collaborative care programs to identify implementation practices of existing programs.
Is Energy Subsidy Reform in an Oil-Exporting Small Economy Beneficial to Trade? Illustrations from Kuwait
Authors: Shehabi Manal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article fills a gap in the literature by quantifying impacts of fossil fuel subsidy reform on trade (inflow and outflow) in an oil-producing, “almost small”, economy, using Kuwait as an example. It employs a two-region economy-wide model with oligopoly behaviour in a general equilibrium framework. The model embodies unique elements of Kuwait's economic structure, idiosyncratic rigidities, and distortions, including oligopolistic industrial structure and labour markets. Simulations show that energy subsidies have minimal effects on trade and on non-energy exports, largely due to the pervasiveness of oligopolies that sustain large markups and their collusive pricing. Reforming energy subsidies generates higher pro-trade effects if implemented during low (not high) oil prices because its negative effects are partially offset by efficiency gains and reduction in oligopoly markups. Yet, contrary to claims by proponents of reforms, these effects remain largely constrained unless appropriate incentives are introduced. These results have important policy implications. In developing oil-exporting economies with pervasive oligopolies, microeconomic reform can be a channel through which to achieve pro-trade effects of energy subsidy reform. Further, benefits beyond export expansion, such as higher economic efficiency, could be better motivators of energy subsidy reform in oil economies.
Transportation Cost, Fuel Subsidies, and Commodity Prices
Authors: Fuje Habtamu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDespite being at the forefront of the global policy agenda, fuel subsidy reform is understudied and its impact on trade is not particularly well understood. This type of reform could have a huge impact on market performance by increasing transportation costs. I present a case study from Ethiopia, which removed its fuel subsidies and increased the price of diesel price by 39% overnight on 4 October 2008. What is the impact of such an increase in diesel price on transportation costs and hence grain prices in developing countries such as Ethiopia? I use spatial difference-in-difference (sDID) on distance from major markets to assess the effects of removing the fuel subsidy on grain price dispersion. The sDID leverages distance from the national capital to investigate the impact of fuel subsidy reform on markets located at different distances from consumer centers. The results indicate that remote markets experienced high price dispersion compared to markets near the capital.
Stomach microbiota, Helicobacter pylori, and group 2 innate lymphoid cells
Authors: Ohno Hiroshi , Satoh-Takayama Naoko 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe stomach has been thought to host few commensal bacteria because of the existence of barriers, such as gastric acid. However, recent culture-independent, sequencing-based microbial analysis has shown that the stomach also harbors a wide diversity of microbiota. Although the stomach immune system, especially innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), has not been well elucidated, recent studies have shown that group 2 ILCs (ILC2s) are the dominant subtype in the stomach of both humans and mice. Stomach ILC2s are unique in that their existence is dependent on stomach microbiota, in sharp contrast to the lack of an impact of commensal microbiota on ILC2s in other tissues. The microbiota dependency of stomach ILC2s is partly explained by their responsiveness to interleukin (IL)-7. Stomach ILC2s express significantly higher IL-7 receptor protein levels on their surface and proliferate more in response to IL-7 stimulation in vitro than small intestinal ILC2s. Consistently, the stomach expresses much higher IL-7 protein levels than the small intestine. IL-5 secreted from stomach ILC2s promotes immunoglobulin (Ig) A production by plasma B cells. In a murine model, stomach ILC2s are important in containingHelicobacter pyloriinfection, especially in the early phase of infection, by promoting IgA production.
Single-photon emission from isolated monolayer islands of InGaN
Authors: Sun Xiaoxiao , Wang Ping , Wang Tao , Chen Ling , Chen Zhaoying , Gao Kang , Aoki Tomoyuki , Li Mo , Zhang Jian , Schulz Tobias , Albrecht Martin , Ge Weikun , Arakawa Yasuhiko , Shen Bo , Holmes Mark , Wang Xinqiang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe identify and characterize a novel type of quantum emitter formed from InGaN monolayer islands grown using molecular beam epitaxy and further isolated via the fabrication of an array of nanopillar structures. Detailed optical analysis of the characteristic emission spectrum from the monolayer islands is performed, and the main transmission is shown to act as a bright, stable, and fast single-photon emitter with a wavelength of ~400 nm.
VDR–SOX2 signaling promotes colorectal cancer stemness and malignancy in an acidic microenvironment
Authors: Hu Pei-Shan , Li Ting , Lin Jin-Fei , Qiu Miao-Zhen , Wang De-Shen , Liu Ze-Xian , Chen Zhan-Hong , Yang Lu-Ping , Zhang Xiao-Long , Zhao Qi , Chen Yan-Xing , Lu Yun-Xin , Wu Qi-Nian , Pu Heng-Ying , Zeng Zhao-Lei , Xie Dan , Ju Huai-Qiang , Luo Hui-Yan , Xu Rui-Hua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe acidic tumor microenvironment provides an energy source driving malignant tumor progression. Adaptation of cells to an acidic environment leads to the emergence of cancer stem cells. The expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) is closely related to the initiation and development of colorectal carcinoma (CRC), but its regulatory mechanism in CRC stem cells is still unclear. Our study revealed that acidosis reduced VDR expression by downregulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) expression. Overexpression of VDR effectively suppressed the stemness and oxaliplatin resistance of cells in acidosis. The nuclear export signal in VDR was sensitive to acidosis, and VDR was exported from the nucleus. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) analyses showed that VDR transcriptionally repressed SRY-box 2 (SOX2) by binding to the vitamin D response elements in the promoter of SOX2, impairing tumor growth and drug resistance. We demonstrated that a change in the acidic microenvironment combined with overexpression of VDR substantially restricted the occurrence and development of CRC in vivo. These findings reveal a new mechanism by which acidosis could affect the stemness of CRC cells by regulating the expression of SOX2 and show that abnormal VDR expression leads to ineffective activation of vitamin D signaling, resulting in a lack of efficacy of vitamin D in antineoplastic process.
Epitranscriptomics and epiproteomics in cancer drug resistance: therapeutic implications
Authors: Song Huibin , Liu Dongcheng , Dong Shaowei , Zeng Leli , Wu Zhuoxun , Zhao Pan , Zhang Litu , Chen Zhe-Sheng , Zou Chang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDrug resistance is a major hurdle in cancer treatment and a key cause of poor prognosis. Epitranscriptomics and epiproteomics are crucial in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition. In recent years, epitranscriptomic and epiproteomic modification has been investigated on their roles in overcoming drug resistance. In this review article, we summarized the recent progress in overcoming cancer drug resistance in three novel aspects: (i) mRNA modification, which includes alternative splicing, A-to-I modification and mRNA methylation; (ii) noncoding RNAs modification, which involves miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs; and (iii) posttranslational modification on molecules encompasses drug inactivation/efflux, drug target modifications, DNA damage repair, cell death resistance, EMT, and metastasis. In addition, we discussed the therapeutic implications of targeting some classical chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin, 5-fluorouridine, and gefitinib via these modifications. Taken together, this review highlights the importance of epitranscriptomic and epiproteomic modification in cancer drug resistance and provides new insights on potential therapeutic targets to reverse cancer drug resistance.
EGFR as a stable marker of prostate cancer dissemination to bones
Authors: Nastały Paulina , Stoupiec Sara , Popęda Marta , Smentoch Julia , Schlomm Thorsten , Morrissey Colm , Żaczek Anna Joanna , Beyer Burkhard , Tennstedt Pierre , Graefen Markus , Eltze Elke , Maiuri Paolo , Semjonow Axel , Pantel Klaus , Brandt Burkhard , Bednarz-Knoll Natalia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer (PCa) is among the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in men. Although 5-year survival in patients with localised disease reaches nearly 100%, metastatic disease still remains incurable. Therefore, there is a need for markers indicating metastatic dissemination.

Methods
EGFR overexpression (EGFRover) was tracked in 1039 primary tumours, circulating tumour cells from 39 d’Amico high-risk patients and metastatic samples from 21 castration-resistant PCa cases. EGFR status was compared to clinical parameters and multiple molecular factors were assessed using immunohistochemistry and gene ontology analysis. The functional aspect of EGFR was evaluated by plating PC-3 cells on soft and rigid matrices.

Results
EGFRover was found in 14% of primary tumours, where it was associated with shorter metastasis-free survival and was an independent indicator of worse overall survival. EGFRover correlated with a pro-migratory and pro-metastatic phenotype of tumour cells as well as rich collagen fibre content. All circulating tumour cells (detected in 13% of cases) were positive for EGFR, independent of their EMT-related phenotype. EGFRover was more prevalent in castration-resistant bone metastases (29% of patients) and supported growth of human PCa cells on rigid matrices mimicking bone stiffness.

Conclusions
EGFRover is a stable, EMT-independent marker of PCa disseminating to rigid organs, preferentially bones.
Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of primate cardiopulmonary aging
Authors: Ma Shuai , Sun Shuhui , Li Jiaming , Fan Yanling , Qu Jing , Sun Liang , Wang Si , Zhang Yiyuan , Yang Shanshan , Liu Zunpeng , Wu Zeming , Zhang Sheng , Wang Qiaoran , Zheng Aihua , Duo Shuguang , Yu Yang , Belmonte Juan Carlos Izpisua , Chan Piu , Zhou Qi , Song Moshi , Zhang Weiqi , Liu Guang-Hui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAging is a major risk factor for many diseases, especially in highly prevalent cardiopulmonary comorbidities and infectious diseases including Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Resolving cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with aging in higher mammals is therefore urgently needed. Here, we created young and old non-human primate single-nucleus/cell transcriptomic atlases of lung, heart and artery, the top tissues targeted by SARS-CoV-2. Analysis of cell type-specific aging-associated transcriptional changes revealed increased systemic inflammation and compromised virus defense as a hallmark of cardiopulmonary aging. With age, expression of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was increased in the pulmonary alveolar epithelial barrier, cardiomyocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. We found that interleukin 7 (IL7) accumulated in aged cardiopulmonary tissues and induced ACE2 expression in human vascular endothelial cells in an NF-κB-dependent manner. Furthermore, treatment with vitamin C blocked IL7-induced ACE2 expression. Altogether, our findings depict the first transcriptomic atlas of the aged primate cardiopulmonary system and provide vital insights into age-linked susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that geroprotective strategies may reduce COVID-19 severity in the elderly.
A three-year follow-up study evaluating clinical utility of exome sequencing and diagnostic potential of reanalysis
Authors: Fung Jasmine L. F. , Yu Mullin H. C. , Huang Shushu , Chung Claudia C. Y. , Chan Marcus C. Y. , Pajusalu Sander , Mak Christopher C. Y. , Hui Vivian C. C. , Tsang Mandy H. Y. , Yeung Kit San , Lek Monkol , Chung Brian H. Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractExome sequencing (ES) has become one of the important diagnostic tools in clinical genetics with a reported diagnostic rate of 25–58%. Many studies have illustrated the diagnostic and immediate clinical impact of ES. However, up to 75% of individuals remain undiagnosed and there is scarce evidence supporting clinical utility beyond a follow-up period of >1 year. This is a 3-year follow-up analysis to our previous publication by Mak et al. (NPJ Genom. Med. 3:19, 2018), to evaluate the long-term clinical utility of ES and the diagnostic potential of exome reanalysis. The diagnostic yield of the initial study was 41% (43/104). Exome reanalysis in 46 undiagnosed individuals has achieved 12 new diagnoses. The additional yield compared with the initial analysis was at least 12% (increased from 41% to at least 53%). After a median follow-up period of 3.4 years, change in clinical management was observed in 72.2% of the individuals (26/36), leading to positive change in clinical outcome in four individuals (11%). There was a minimum healthcare cost saving of HKD$152,078 (USD$19,497; €17,282) annually for these four individuals. There were a total of six pregnancies from five families within the period. Prenatal diagnosis was performed in four pregnancies; one fetus was affected and resulted in termination. None of the parents underwent preimplantation genetic diagnosis. This 3-year follow-up study demonstrated the long-term clinical utility of ES at individual, familial and health system level, and the promising diagnostic potential of subsequent reanalysis. This highlights the benefits of implementing ES and regular reanalysis in the clinical setting.
Effect of Parkinson’s disease and two therapeutic interventions on muscle activity during walking: a systematic review
Authors: Islam Aisha , Alcock Lisa , Nazarpour Kianoush , Rochester Lynn , Pantall Annette 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGait deficits are a common feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and predictors of future motor and cognitive impairment. Understanding how muscle activity contributes to gait impairment and effects of therapeutic interventions on motor behaviour is crucial for identifying potential biomarkers and developing rehabilitation strategies. This article reviews sixteen studies that investigate the electromyographic (EMG) activity of lower limb muscles in people with PD during walking and reports on their quality. The weight of evidence establishing differences in motor activity between people with PD and healthy older adults (HOAs) is considered. Additionally, the effect of dopaminergic medication and deep brain stimulation (DBS) on modifying motor activity is assessed. Results indicated greater proximal and decreased distal activity of lower limb muscles during walking in individuals with PD compared to HOA. Dopaminergic medication was associated with increased distal lower limb muscle activity whereas subthalamic nucleus DBS increased activity of both proximal and distal lower limb muscles. Tibialis anterior was impacted most by the interventions. Quality of the studies was not strong, with a median score of 61%. Most studies investigated only distal muscles, involved small sample sizes, extracted limited EMG features and lacked rigorous signal processing. Few studies related changes in motor activity with functional gait measures. Understanding mechanisms underpinning gait impairment in PD is essential for development of personalised rehabilitative interventions. Recommendations for future studies include greater participant numbers, recording more functionally diverse muscles, applying multi-muscle analyses, and relating EMG to functional gait measures.
Post-GWAS knowledge gap: the how, where, and when
Authors: Pierce Steven E. , Booms Alix , Prahl Jordan , van der Schans Edwin J. C. , Tyson Trevor , Coetzee Gerhard A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGenetic risk for complex diseases very rarely reflects only Mendelian-inherited phenotypes where single-gene mutations can be followed in families by linkage analysis. More commonly, a large set of low-penetrance, small effect-size variants combine to confer risk; they are normally revealed in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which compare large population groups. Whereas Mendelian inheritance points toward disease mechanisms arising from the mutated genes, in the case of GWAS signals, the effector proteins and even general risk mechanism are mostly unknown. Instead, the utility of GWAS currently lies primarily in predictive and diagnostic information. Although an amazing body of GWAS-based knowledge now exists, we advocate for more funding towards the exploration of the fundamental biology in post-GWAS studies; this research will bring us closer to causality and risk gene identification. Using Parkinson’s Disease as an example, we ask, how, where, and when do risk loci contribute to disease?
Electrical control of coherent spin rotation of a single-spin qubit
Authors: Wang Xiaoche , Xiao Yuxuan , Liu Chuanpu , Lee-Wong Eric , McLaughlin Nathan J. , Wang Hanfeng , Wu Mingzhong , Wang Hailong , Fullerton Eric E. , Du Chunhui Rita 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNitrogen vacancy (NV) centers, optically active atomic defects in diamond, have attracted tremendous interest for quantum sensing, network, and computing applications due to their excellent quantum coherence and remarkable versatility in a real, ambient environment. One of the critical challenges to develop NV-based quantum operation platforms results from the difficulty in locally addressing the quantum spin states of individual NV spins in a scalable, energy-efficient manner. Here, we report electrical control of the coherent spin rotation rate of a single-spin qubit in NV-magnet based hybrid quantum systems. By utilizing electrically generated spin currents, we are able to achieve efficient tuning of magnetic damping and the amplitude of the dipole fields generated by a micrometer-sized resonant magnet, enabling electrical control of the Rabi oscillation frequency of NV spins. Our results highlight the potential of NV centers in designing functional hybrid solid-state systems for next-generation quantum-information technologies. The demonstrated coupling between the NV centers and the propagating spin waves harbored by a magnetic insulator further points to the possibility to establish macroscale entanglement between distant spin qubits.
On the topological immunity of corner states in two-dimensional crystalline insulators
Authors: van Miert Guido , Ortix Carmine 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA higher-order topological insulator (HOTI) in two dimensions is an insulator without metallic edge states but with robust zero-dimensional topological boundary modes localized at its corners. Yet, these corner modes do not carry a clear signature of their topology as they lack the anomalous nature of helical or chiral boundary states. Here, we demonstrate using immunity tests that the corner modes found in the breathing kagome lattice represent a prime example of a mistaken identity. Contrary to previous theoretical and experimental claims, we show that these corner modes are inherently fragile: the kagome lattice does not realize a higher-order topological insulator. We support this finding by introducing a criterion based on a corner charge-mode correspondence for the presence of topological midgap corner modes in n-fold rotational symmetric chiral insulators that explicitly precludes the existence of a HOTI protected by a threefold rotational symmetry.
Vortex fluidic mediated encapsulation of functional fish oil featuring in situ probed small angle neutron scattering
Authors: He Shan , Joseph Nikita , Mirzamani Marzieh , Pye Scott J. , Al-anataki Ahmed Hussein Mohammed , Whitten Andrew E. , Chen Yaonan , Kumari Harshita , Raston Colin L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMajor challenges for optimizing the benefits of fish oil on human health are improved bioavailability while overcoming the strong odor and avoiding significant oxidation of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The scalable continuous flow thin film vortex fluidic device (VFD) improves the Tween 20 encapsulation of fish oil relative to conventional homogenization processing, with the fish oil particles significantly smaller and the content of the valuable omega-3 fatty acids higher. In addition, after 14 days storage the remaining omega-3 fatty acids content was higher, from ca 31.0% for raw fish oil to ca 62.0% of freeze-dried encapsulated fish oil. The VFD mediated encapsulated fish oil was used to enrich the omega-3 fatty acid content of apple juice, as a model water-based food product, without changing its sensory values. The versatility of the VFD was further demonstrated in forming homogenous suspensions of fish oil containing water-insoluble bioactive molecules, curcumin and quercetin. We have also captured, for the first time, real-time structural changes in nanoencapsulation by installing a VFD with in in situ small angle neutron scattering. Real-time measurements afford valuable insights about self-assembly in solution.
A global-scale data set of mining areas
Authors: Maus Victor , Giljum Stefan , Gutschlhofer Jakob , da Silva Dieison M. , Probst Michael , Gass Sidnei L. B. , Luckeneder Sebastian , Lieber Mirko , McCallum Ian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe area used for mineral extraction is a key indicator for understanding and mitigating the environmental impacts caused by the extractive sector. To date, worldwide data products on mineral extraction do not report the area used by mining activities. In this paper, we contribute to filling this gap by presenting a new data set of mining extents derived by visual interpretation of satellite images. We delineated mining areas within a 10 km buffer from the approximate geographical coordinates of more than six thousand active mining sites across the globe. The result is a global-scale data set consisting of 21,060 polygons that add up to 57,277 km2. The polygons cover all mining above-ground features that could be identified from the satellite images, including open cuts, tailings dams, waste rock dumps, water ponds, and processing infrastructure. The data set is available for download from https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.910894 and visualization at www.fineprint.global/viewer.