bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Influences the Patients with Left Atrial Myxoma: From Embolism to Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Xiong Sizheng , Song Lihui , Li Gen , Li Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreoperative embolism and postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) are two important factors associated with impaired health conditions and increased economic burden in patients with left atrial (LA) myxoma. The aim of this study was to analyze embolic events, identify predictors of POAF, and evaluate the risk of late‐term survival in patients with LA myxoma.MethodsFrom December 2009 to December 2019, 177 consecutive patients with LA myxoma who met the selection criteria were included in the retrospective analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of POAF. Propensity score matching was used for confounder control, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the risk of late‐term mortality.ResultsThe study population comprised of 125 patients in non‐POAF group and 52 patients in POAF group. Preoperative embolism was present in 27.1% of the all cases. By multivariate analysis, age, NYHA functional class III, LA diameter, and cross‐clamp time were identified as independent predictors of in‐hospital POAF. The overall survival at 1, 5, and 10 years for the 177 patients was 98.9%, 93.7%, and 84.4%, respectively. There was no statistical difference in late‐term survival between the two groups in the Cox proportion‐adjusted survival curve. After propensity score 1:1 matching, patients with POAF had a longer postoperative hospital stay and Kaplan–Meier survival curve also showed no statistical difference between the two groups.ConclusionsPatients with LA myxoma after surgical treatment had a favorable prognosis. In‐hospital POAF was not independently associated with late‐term mortality in patients with LA myxoma.
Traditional Eastern European diet and mortality: prospective evidence from the HAPIEE study
Authors: Stefler Denes , Brett Daniel , Sarkadi-Nagy Eszter , Kopczynska Ewa , Detchev Stefan , Bati Aniko , Scrob Mircea , Koenker Diane , Aleksov Bojan , Douarin Elodie , Simonova Galina , Malyutina Sofia , Kubinova Ruzena , Pajak Andrzej , Ruiz Milagros , Peasey Anne , Pikhart Hynek , Bobak Martin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality rates in Eastern Europe are among the highest in the world. Although diet is an important risk factor, traditional eating habits in this region have not yet been explored. This analysis assessed the relationship between traditional dietary pattern and mortality from all-causes, CVD and cancer in Eastern European cohorts.

Methods
Data from the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe prospective cohort were used, including participants from Russia, Poland and the Czech Republic. Based on food frequency questionnaire data, we constructed an Eastern European diet score (EEDS) from nine food groups which can be considered as traditional in this region. The relationship between categorical (low, moderate, high) and continuous (range 0–18) EEDS and mortality was estimated with Cox-regression.

Results
From 18,852 eligible participants, 2234 died during follow-up. In multivariable adjusted models, participants with high adherence to the traditional Eastern European diet had significantly higher risk of all-cause (HR 1.23; 95% CI 1.08–1.42) and CVD (1.34; 1.08–1.66) deaths compared to those with low adherence. The association with cancer mortality was only significant in Poland (high vs. low EEDS: 1.41; 1.00–1.98). From the specific EEDS components, high consumption of lard was significantly positively related to all three mortality outcomes, while preserved fruit and vegetable consumption showed consistent inverse associations.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that traditional eating habits may contribute to the poor health status, particularly the high CVD mortality rates, of populations in Eastern Europe. Adequate public health nutritional interventions in this region are essential.
Two-Sided Matching with Indifferences: Using Heuristics to Improve Properties of Stable Matchings
Authors: Haas Christian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTwo-Sided Matching is a widely used approach to allocate resources based on preferences. In Two-Sided Matching problems where indifferences are allowed in the preference lists, finding stable matchings with certain properties is known to be NP-hard and, in some instances, even NP-hard to approximate. This article, therefore, considers the use of heuristics in Two-Sided Matching scenarios with indifferences to find and explore potential solutions and their properties. Two heuristics, a Genetic Algorithm and Threshold Accepting, are compared to existing approaches with respect to their ability to generate alternative stable solutions based on initially stable matchings for scenarios with either complete or incomplete preferences. The evaluation shows that using these types of heuristics is a valid approach to obtain matchings with improved properties such as fairness or average matched rank, compared to existing algorithms. Overall, this approach allows for the exploration of alternative stable matchings and subsequent selection of a best solution given selected evaluation criteria.
The Effect of Visual Perceptual Load on Auditory Awareness of Social vs. Non-social Stimuli in Individuals with Autism
Authors: Tillmann Julian , Tuomainen Jyrki , Swettenham John 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study examined the effect of increasing visual perceptual load on auditory awareness for social and non-social stimuli in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n = 63) and typically developing (TD, n = 62) adolescents. Using an inattentional deafness paradigm, a socially meaningful (‘Hi’) or a non-social (neutral tone) critical stimulus (CS) was unexpectedly presented under high and low load. For the social CS both groups continued to show high awareness rates as load increased. Awareness rates for the non-social stimulus were reduced when load increased for the TD, but not the ASD group. The findings indicate enhanced capacity for non-social stimuli in ASD compared to TD, and a special attentional status for social stimuli in the TD group.
Matching Psychosocial Support Needs of Parents of a Child with a Chronic Illness to a Feasible Intervention
Authors: Douma Miriam , Bouman Charlotte P. , van Oers Hedy A. , Maurice-Stam Heleen , Haverman Lotte , Grootenhuis Martha A. , Scholten Linde 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Parents of children with a chronic illness (CI) are at risk for psychosocial problems. The aim of this study was to refine an existing face-to-face intervention into an online psychosocial group intervention for parents by (1) exploring which themes are important, (2) determine what type of intervention parents would like and (3) assess parents’ practical preferences.

Methods
Parents of children with a CI (0–18 years) were invited to complete an online questionnaire. To acquire more in-depth information, focus groups and telephone interviews were conducted. Descriptive statistics were used.

Results
272 parents (mean age = 43.1 years, 85% female) participated. Three focus groups (15 parents) and seven telephone interviews were conducted. Most important themes were: the CI of the child, family functioning, taking care of yourself, relationships with others and practical support. Parents preferred a group with parents of children in the same age category. At first, parents preferred face-to-face contact. After an explanation and demonstration of an online intervention, parents became more positive about online support, mostly because they could participate from home.

Conclusions for Practice
Parents have a need for psychosocial support focusing on different themes. Professionals should explain and demonstrate an online intervention to parents. Based on these results, Op Koers Online for parents was developed. An RCT to assess feasibility and effectiveness of the intervention is currently running.
Pressure drop analysis on the positive half-cell of a cerium redox flow battery using computational fluid dynamics: Mathematical and modelling aspects of porous media
Authors: Rivera Fernando F. , Miranda-Alcántara Berenice , Orozco Germán , Ponce de León Carlos , Arenas Luis F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDescription of electrolyte fluid dynamics in the electrode compartments by mathematical models can be a powerful tool in the development of redox flow batteries (RFBs) and other electrochemical reactors. In order to determine their predictive capability, turbulent Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and free flow plus porous media (Brinkman) models were applied to compute local fluid velocities taking place in a rectangular channel electrochemical flow cell used as the positive half-cell of a cerium-based RFB for laboratory studies. Two different platinized titanium electrodes were considered, a plate plus a turbulence promoter and an expanded metal mesh. Calculated pressure drop was validated against experimental data obtained with typical cerium electrolytes. It was found that the pressure drop values were better described by the RANS approach, whereas the validity of Brinkman equations was strongly dependent on porosity and permeability values of the porous media.
Role-Playing Computer Ethics: Designing and Evaluating the Privacy by Design (PbD) Simulation
Authors: Shilton Katie , Heidenblad Donal , Porter Adam , Winter Susan , Kendig Mary 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere is growing consensus that teaching computer ethics is important, but there is little consensus on how to do so. One unmet challenge is increasing the capacity of computing students to make decisions about the ethical challenges embedded in their technical work. This paper reports on the design, testing, and evaluation of an educational simulation to meet this challenge. The privacy by design simulation enables more relevant and effective computer ethics education by letting students experience and make decisions about common ethical challenges encountered in real-world work environments. This paper describes the process of incorporating empirical observations of ethical questions in computing into an online simulation and an in-person board game. We employed the Values at Play framework to transform empirical observations of design into a playable educational experience. First, we conducted qualitative research to discover when and how values levers—practices that encourage values discussions during technology development—occur during the design of new mobile applications. We then translated these findings into gameplay elements, including the goals, roles, and elements of surprise incorporated into a simulation. We ran the online simulation in five undergraduate computer and information science classes. Based on this experience, we created a more accessible board game, which we tested in two undergraduate classes and two professional workshops. We evaluated the effectiveness of both the online simulation and the board game using two methods: a pre/post-test of moral sensitivity based on the Defining Issues Test, and a questionnaire evaluating student experience. We found that converting real-world ethical challenges into a playable simulation increased student’s reported interest in ethical issues in technology, and that students identified the role-playing activity as relevant to their technical coursework. This demonstrates that roleplaying can emphasize ethical decision-making as a relevant component of technical work.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuated Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption via Downregulation of Aquaporin-4 Expression in EAE Mice
Authors: Liu Yanqun , Ma Yuanyuan , Du Bingying , Wang Yongting , Yang Guo-Yuan , Bi Xiaoying 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBlood-brain barrier disruption is one of the hallmarks of multiple sclerosis. Mesenchymal stem cells showed great potential for the multiple sclerosis therapy. However, the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on blood-brain barrier in multiple sclerosis remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether mesenchymal stem cells transplantation protected blood-brain barrier integrity and further explored possible underlying mechanisms. Adult female C57BL/6 mice were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide33-55 (MOG33-55) to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Mesenchymal stem cells (5 × 105) were transplanted via tail vein at disease onset. In the cell culture, we examined lipopolysaccharide-induced AQP4 upregulation in astrocytes. Results indicated that mesenchymal stem cells therapy improved neurobehavioral outcomes in EAE mice, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, IgG protein leakage, and demyelination in spinal cord. Mesenchymal stem cells therapy also increased tight junction protein expression. In addition, mesenchymal stem cells downregulated AQP4 and A2B adenosine receptor (A2BAR) expression in EAE mice in spinal cord. We found that MSCs-conditioned medium (MCM) reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines, AQP4 and A2BAR in lipopolysaccharide-activated astrocytes. BAY-60-6583 (a selective A2BAR agonist) reversed the MCM-induced AQP4 downregulation and increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Furthermore, the upregulation effects of A2BAR agonist were eliminated when treated with p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580. Thus, we concluded that mesenchymal stem cells alleviated blood-brain barrier disruption by downregulating AQP4 in multiple sclerosis, possibly through inhibiting the A2BAR/p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Our work suggests that mesenchymal stem cells exert beneficial effect through maintaining blood-brain barrier integrity in EAE mice.
Juxtapositions in Jakarta: How Flood Interventions Reinforce and Challenge Urban Divides
Authors: van Voorst Roanne 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper traces the interplay of spatially, socially and legally juxtaposed differences between different groups of Indonesia’s residents: (1) a group of riverbank settlers in Jakarta, (2) political decision-makers and urban planners that evict this particular riverbank settlement and (3) a group of Jakartan academics, architects and journalists that got involved in these interventions. The dynamics between and within these groups are examined through a case study in a riverbank settlement, where inhabitants are not only at risk of regular flooding but also of evictions. The analysis combines the notion of juxtapositions with a ‘revelatory approach’ towards disaster. The notion of juxtapositions makes clear how urban divides are shaped, and how they, in turn, produce ideas and practices of citizenship in Jakarta. The revelatory approach to disasters helps to show that floods can function as an accelerator to both reinforce and challenge these juxtapositions, thus also changing citizenship ideas and practices. The analysis reveals on the one hand that floods and interventions deepen socio-economic inequalities in an already highly unequal city. However, on the other hand, they also trigger collective mobilisation of evictees as well as unprecedented cooperation between this particular group of riverbank settlers and more resourceful members of Jakarta’s wider society. This eventually results in successful contestation of evictions through court and other claims to citizenship.
A preform deformation and resin flow coupled model including the cure kinetics and chemo-rheology for the VARTM process
Authors: Wu Da , Larsson Ragnar , Blinzler Brina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present paper deals with preform deformation and resin flow coupled to cure kinetics and chemo-rheology for the VARTM process. By monitoring the coupled resin infusion and curing steps through temperature control, our primary aim is to reduce the cycle time of the process. The analysis is based on the two-phase porous media flow and the preform deformation extended with cure kinetics and heat transfer. A novel feature is the consideration of temperature and preform deformation coupled to resin viscosity and permeability in the VARTM process. To tackle this problem, we extend the porous media framework with the heat transfer and chemical reaction, involving additional convection terms to describe the proper interactions with the resin flow. Shell kinematics is applied to thin-walled preforms, which significantly reduces the problem size. The proposed finite element discretized system of coupled models is solved in a staggered way to handle the partially saturated flow front under non-isothermal conditions efficiently. From the numerical example, we conclude that the cycle time of the VARTM infusion process can be shortened over 68% with the proper temperature control. Moreover, the proposed framework can be applied to optimize the processing parameters and check the compatibility of a resin system for a given infusion task.
Error control scheme for malicious and natural faults in cryptographic modules
Authors: Gay Mael , Karp Batya , Keren Osnat , Polian Ilia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractToday’s electronic systems must simultaneously fulfill strict requirements on security and reliability. In particular, their cryptographic modules are exposed to faults, which can be due to natural failures (e.g., radiation or electromagnetic noise) or malicious fault-injection attacks. We present an architecture based on a new class of error-detecting codes that combine robustness properties with a minimal distance. The new architecture guarantees (with some probability) the detection of faults injected by an intelligent and strategic adversary who can precisely control the disturbance. At the same time it supports automatic correction of low-multiplicity faults. To this end, we discuss an efficient technique to correct single nibble/byte errors while avoiding full syndrome analysis. We also examine a Compact Protection Code (CPC)-based system level fault manager that considers this code an inner code (and the CPC as its outer code). We report experimental results obtained by physical fault injection on the SAKURA-G FPGA board. The experimental results reconfirm the assumption that faults may cause an arbitrary number of bit flips. They indicate that a combined inner–outer coding scheme can significantly reduce the number of fault events that go undetected due to erroneous corrections of the inner code.
Strongly Anchoring Polysulfides by Hierarchical Fe3O4/C3N4 Nanostructures for Advanced Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Kim Soochan , Shirvani-Arani Simindokht , Choi Sungsik , Cho Misuk , Lee Youngkwan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLi–S batteries have attracted considerable interest as next-generation energy storage devices owing to high energy density and the natural abundance of sulfur. However, the practical applications of Li–S batteries are hampered by the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides (LPS), which results in low cycle stability. Herein, a functional interlayer has been developed to efficiently regulate the LPS and enhance the sulfur utilization using hierarchical nanostructure of C3N4 (t-C3N4) embedded with Fe3O4 nanospheres. t-C3N4 exhibits high surface area and strong anchoring of LPS, and the Fe3O4/t-C3N4 accelerates the anchoring of LPS and improves the electronic pathways. The combination of these materials leads to remarkable battery performance with 400% improvement in a specific capacity and a low capacity decay per cycle of 0.02% at 2 C over 1000 cycles, and stable cycling at 6.4 mg cm−2 for high-sulfur-loading cathode.
Highly Thermo-Conductive Three-Dimensional Graphene Aqueous Medium
Authors: Bo Zheng , Ying Chongyan , Yang Huachao , Wu Shenghao , Yang Jinyuan , Kong Jing , Yang Shiling , Zhou Yanguang , Yan Jianhua , Cen Kefa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Highly thermo-conductive aqueous medium is a crucial premise to demonstrate high-performance thermal-related applications. Graphene has the diamond comparable thermal conductivity, while the intrinsic two-dimensional reality will result in strong anisotropic thermal conductivity and wrinkles or even crumples that significantly sacrifices its inherent properties in practical applications. One strategy to overcome this is to use three-dimensional (3D) architecture of graphene. Herein, 3D graphene structure with covalent-bonding nanofins (3D-GS-CBF) is proposed, which is then used as the filler to demonstrate effective aqueous medium. The thermal conductivity and thermal conductivity enhancement efficiency of 3D-GS-CBF (0.26 vol%) aqueous medium can be as high as 2.61 W m−1 K−1 and 1300%, respectively, around six times larger than highest value of the existed aqueous mediums. Meanwhile, 3D-GS-CBF can be stable in the solution even after 6 months, addressing the instability issues of conventional graphene networks.
A multiscale modeling including non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations and heat conduction model is applied to interpret experimental results. 3D-GS-CBF aqueous medium can largely improve the solar vapor evaporation rate (by 1.5 times) that are even comparable to the interfacial heating system; meanwhile, its cooling performance is also superior to commercial coolant in thermal management applications.
Towards Bedmap Himalayas: development of an airborne ice-sounding radar for glacier thickness surveys in High-Mountain Asia
Authors: Pritchard H. D. , King E. C. , Goodger D. J. , McCarthy M. , Mayer C. , Kayastha R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe thickness of glaciers in High-Mountain Asia (HMA) is critical in determining when the ice reserve will be lost as these glaciers thin but is remarkably poorly known because very few measurements have been made. Through a series of ground-based and airborne field tests, we have adapted a low-frequency ice-penetrating radar developed originally for Antarctic over-snow surveys, for deployment as a helicopter-borne system to increase the number of measurements. The manoeuvrability provided by helicopters and the ability of our system to detect glacier beds through thick, dirty, temperate ice makes it well suited to increase greatly the sample of measurements available for calibrating ice thickness models on the regional and global scale. The Bedmap Himalayas radar-survey system can reduce the uncertainty in present-day ice volumes and therefore in projections of when HMA's river catchments will lose this hydrological buffer against drought.