bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Overdose-Related Death for People with A History of Incarceration
Authors: Gan Wenqi , Kinner Stuart , Xavier Chloé , Zhao Bin , Slaunwhite Amanda 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionEpidemiologic studies have shown that people released from correctional facilities are at substantially increased risk of overdose-related death compared with the general population. However, the reported effect estimates are substantially heterogeneous, and the previous studies have important limitations in relative risk assessment for overdose-related death.
Objectives and ApproachBritish Columbia, Canada, has experienced an unprecedented epidemic of drug overdose, this study aimed to investigate how the overdose epidemic has affected formerly incarcerated persons. A 20% random sample of residents aged 18 years or older in British Columbia was used to conduct this cohort study. During the 5-year exposure period (January 2010 to December 2014), persons with an incarceration history were identified using provincial incarceration records. During the 3-year follow-up period (January 2015 to December 2017), overdose-related deaths were identified using linked administrative health data. Risk of overdose-related death was compared between persons who did and did not have an incarceration history using a Cox regression model.
ResultsOf 765,690 persons in the cohort, 5,743 had an incarceration history during the exposure period, and 634 died from drug overdose during the follow-up period. The mortality rate was 832 and 22 per 100,000 person-years for persons who did and did not have an incarceration history, respectively. Compared with persons without an incarceration history, and adjusting for individual and neighbourhood characteristics, persons who had an incarceration history were 3.67 times (95% confidence interval 2.93 - 4.59) more likely to die from drug overdose. This association was stronger for females, persons who did not have substance use disorder, and persons who were not dispensed opioids for pain or benzodiazepines.
Conclusion/ImplicationsPrevious incarceration is strongly associated with risk of overdose-related death. Specific interventions are needed to better prevent drug overdose for people released from incarceration.
The Association Between Mode of Delivery and Later Educational Outcomes
Authors: Katz Alan , Kinew Kathi Avery , Star Leona , Taylor Carole , Koseva Ina 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionA 2002 report described the gap in health status between First Nations (FN) and all other Manitobans (AOM). That report was widely quoted in the context of other initiatives recognizing the inequities in Canadian society.
Objectives and ApproachWe analyzed linked administrative data held in the Manitoba Population Research Data Repository to determine the health status and health care use of First Nations people. To provide context to the findings we compared First Nations to all other Manitobans, disaggregated by on-reserve off-reserve status, and presented our findings by Region and Tribal Council area. The 35 indicators were chosen to address First Nations priorities and providecomparisons with the previous study. Results were age and sex adjusted.
ResultsThe gap between FN and AOM has grown. Premature mortality rates are 3x higher for FN compared to AOM. Rates of death by suicides and suicide attempts are 5x higher for FN compared to AOM. Rates of opioid prescribing are 2.5x higher for single prescription, and 4.5x higher for multiple prescriptions for FN compared to AOM. Colorectal cancer screening rates are 2x higher among all other Manitobans compared to FN. Continuity of care is much lower in FN than in AOM. For FN, primary care is less likely to be provided close to home than for AOM
Conclusion / ImplicationsDespite initiatives like the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, and Indian Residential School survivors pursuing healing, the gap in health outcomes has increased. Underlying causes such as ongoing systemic racism and colonialism within health governance should be addressed.
Creating Additional Census Income Topics from Linked Administrative Data
Authors: Mowle James 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThe Census is the largest statistical collection undertaken by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), with its data critical to informing the planning and delivery of Government and community services. While the Census measure of income supports a wide range of analysis, demand exists for additional income topics to complement and extend the range of socio economic analysis that can be undertaken. The ABS has recently developed three experimental income topics for the 2016 Census using linked administrative data: main source of income; main source of government payments; and previous financial year income.
Objectives and ApproachThis research utilised administrative data integrated by the ABS for the Multi-Agency Data Integration Project (MADIP). Taxation data from the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) and social security data from the Department of Social Services (DSS) were used in conjunction with the 2016 Census data to derive the additional topics.
ResultsOverall, the three measures compare relatively closely to similar measures from the ABS Survey of Income and Housing (SIH). The ‘Main source of income’ and ‘Main source of government payments’ measures exhibit similar distributions to those from the SIH. The ‘Previous financial year income’ measures compare more closely with Census and SIH at the higher end of the income distribution, with some differences apparent at the lower end of the income distribution.
Conclusion / ImplicationsThis work demonstrates the potential to supplement and enhance existing Census topics with linked administrative data. Further research, development and consultation with data users and the Australian community is needed.
Cooperation and Innovation in Data Linkage Creates A Linked, Multi-Sectoral Data Repository for Western Australia – The SIDR Project
Authors: Ferrante Anna , Eitelhuber Tom , Maller Max , Randall Sean , Brown Adrian , Pedrotti David , Boyd James , Sibma Kurt 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionDuring 2019, the Western Australian (WA) government and Curtin University’s Centre for Data Linkage (CDL) created a large, de-identified researchable database – the Social Investment Data Resource (SIDR) – to support government in delivering targeted early interventions to young offenders and their families to reduce the likelihood of re-offending (the Target 120 program).
Objectives and ApproachSIDR brings together administrative data from health, education, justice, child protection, disability and housing sectors. The linked, de-identified data provides an invaluable resource for actuarial assessment and social investment analytics to assess long-term costs and benefits of the Target 120 program. SIDR also provides an invaluable tool for academic research. SIDR adopted a distributed linkage model where linkage workload was shared between the Department of Health Data Linkage Branch who create and maintain the WA Data Linkage System (WADLS) and the CDL. Design elements of the model included a common spine (embedded into the infrastructure of both groups), methods for leveraging quality from WADLS, and inclusion of family relationships data from the WA Family Connections database. The linkage model within SIDR uses a combination of traditional and privacy-preserving record linkage (PPRL) methods. PPRL does not require release of personal identifiers; instead, data is irreversibly hashed prior to release for probabilistic linkage.
ResultsThrough cooperation (distributed linkage) and innovation (a mix of traditional and PPRL linkage), the project has delivered a large, linked, cross-sectoral data resource for policymakers and researchers. Sharing of the linkage workload maximised the capacity and unique capabilities of each linkage unit. PPRL enabled ‘hard to get’ datasets from justice to be included. SIDR is being updated in 2020.
Conclusion / ImplicationsSIDR provides a resource for whole-of-government policy development, service evaluation, academic research and social investment analytics for T120 and beyond. The SIDR linkage model has potential for adaptation and use elsewhere.
Twenty Years of Data Linkage in The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health
Authors: Loos Colleen , Mishra Gita , Dobson Annette , Tooth Leigh 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionLinked health record collections, when combined with large longitudinal surveys, are a rich research resource to inform policy development and clinical practice across multiple sectors.
Objectives and ApproachThe Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) is a national study of over 57,000 women in four cohorts. Survey data collection commenced in 1996. Over the past 20 years, ALSWH has also established an extensive data linkage program.
The aim of this poster is to provide an overview of ALSWH’s program of regularly up-dated linked data collections for use in parallel with on-going surveys, and to demonstrate how data are made widely available to research collaborators.
ResultsALSWH surveys collect information on health conditions, ageing, reproductive characteristics, access to health services, lifestyle, and socio-demographic factors. Regularly updated linked national and state administrative data collections add information on health events, health outcomes, diagnoses, treatments, and patterns of service use.
ALSWH’s national linked data collections, include Medicare Benefits Schedule, Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, the National Death Index, the Australian Cancer Database, and the National Aged Care Data Collection. State and Territory hospital collections include Admitted Patients, Emergency Department and Perinatal Data. There are also substudies, such as the Mothers and their Children’s Health Study (MatCH), which involves linkage to children’s educational records.
ALSWH has an internal Data Access Committee along with systems and protocols to facilitate collaborative multi-sectoral research using de-identified linked data.
Conclusion / ImplicationsAs a large scale Australian longitudinal multi-jurisdictional data linkage and sharing program, ALSWH is a useful model for anyone planning similar research.
Innovative Use of Administrative Data in Legal Research and Practice
Authors: Jay Matthew A , Byrom Natalie , Jay Matthew A , Forell Suzie 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThere is widespread recognition of the need to use administrative data from justice, crime, prisons and legal services to improve the evidence base on determinants and outcomes of involvement with justice systems and to improve services. There is great opportunity to use data from justice to improve health and other outcomes for clients and service users but this is a relatively unexplored area and these datasets have been neglected partly due to access concerns. This 90 minute symposium presents research and learning from data initiatives in justice settings and will explore challenges from the perspectives of researchers and the legal profession.
Objectives and ApproachTalks will cover:

Development of legal epidemiology and use of administrative data in this nascent field (Matthew A Jay). Examples from the presenter’s family justice research using linked data will also be presented.
The UK Ministry of Justice’s (MoJ’s) Data First programme (Prof Betsy Stanko). Data First aims to unlock the potential of data already created by MoJ, by linking datasets from the justice system and beyond, and enabling accredited researchers to access the data ethically and responsibly.
UK court reform and data collection: using data to monitor equality and access to justice in the move to on-line dispute resolution (Dr Natalie Byrom).
Health Justice Partnerships (HJPs) in Australia (Prof Suzie Forell). HJPs bring legal help into health settings to address social issues affecting the health of patients. This will be a discussion of HJPs as an opportunity to explore the impact of legal assistance on health and the challenges and opportunities of relevant data generation.

Conclusion / ImplicationsBetter use of data in justice spheres will be a difficult process requiring cross-disciplinary collaboration. But it is one that promises to bring the study and practice of law into the 21 st Century.
Centering Equity Across the Administrative Data Life Cycle
Authors: Nelson Amy Hawn 
Published: December 2020

Data integration by local and state governments is undertaken for the public good to support the interconnected needs of families and communities. And though data infrastructure is a powerful tool to support equity-oriented reforms, equity is rarely centered as a core goal for data integration. This raises fundamental concerns, as integrated data increasingly provide the raw materials for evaluation, research, and risk modeling. This session presents findings from a toolkit collaboratively generated by a workgroup convened by Actionable Intelligence for Social Policy at the University of Pennsylvania.
IntroductionWhile data sharing occurs within a legal framework, an emphasis on equity is often peripheral. Generally, institutions have not adequately examined and acknowledged structural bias in their history, or the ways in which data reflects systemic inequities in the development and administration of policies and programs. Meanwhile, the public are rarely consulted in the development and use of data systems.
Objectives and ApproachThis toolkit was collaboratively generated by a workgroup of civic data stakeholders from across the US.
ResultsThe toolkit aims to support agencies seeking to acknowledge and compensate for the harms and bias baked into data and practice. It is organized across six stages of the administrative data life cycle—planning, data collection, data access, use of algorithms and statistical tools, analysis, and reporting and dissemination. For each stage, the toolkit includes promising and problematic practices for centering equity in administrative data reuse, with site-based examples of work in action from across the US.
Conclusion / ImplicationsThe workgroup concluded that centering equity within data integration efforts is not a binary outcome, but rather a series of small steps towards more equitable practice. There are countless ways to center equity across the administrative data reuse life cycle, and this report provides concrete strategies for agencies, organizations and collaboratives to begin and grow that work in practice.
Community Attitudes Towards Sharing Government Health Data with Private Companies: A Scoping Review
Authors: Street Jackie , Fabrianesi Belinda , Bosward Rebecca , Carter Stacy , Braunack-Mayer Annette 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionLarge volumes of health data are generated through the interaction of individuals with hospitals, government agencies and health care providers. There is potential in the linkage and sharing of administrative data with private industry to support improved drug and device provision but data sharing is highly contentious.
Objectives and ApproachWe conducted a scoping review of quantitative and qualitative studies examining public attitudes towards the sharing of health data, held by government, with private industry for research and development. We searched four data bases, PubMed, Scopus, Cinahl and Web of Science as well as Google Scholar and Google Advanced. The search was confined to English-only publications since January 2014 but was not geographically limited. We thematically coded included papers.
ResultsWe screened 6788 articles. Thirty-six studies were included primarily from UK and North America. No Australian studies were identified. Across studies, willingness to share non-identified data was generally high with the participant’s own health provider (84-91%) and academic researchers (64-93%) but fell if the data was to be shared with private industry (14-53%). There was widespread misunderstanding of the benefits of sharing data for health research. Publics expressed concern about a range of issues including data security, misuse of data and use of data to generate profit. Conditions which would increase public confidence in sharing of data included: strict safeguards on data collection and use including secure storage, opt-in or opt-out consent mechanisms, and good communication through trusted agents.
Conclusion / ImplicationsWe identified a research gap: Australian views on sharing government health data with private industry. The international experience suggests that public scepticism about data sharing with private industry will need to be addressed by good communication about public benefit of data sharing, a strong program of public engagement and information sharing conducted through trusted entities.
Characterizing Potential Medication Related Harm in the 30-Days Following Hospitalization Using Linked Provincial Administrative Health Data
Authors: Weir Daniala L , Pearson Douglas , Tang Terence , Mills Allan 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionPatients transitioning between hospital and home are at risk of experiencing adverse drug events. Hospital-based care teams require a better understanding of how therapeutic decisions and patient risk factors impact adverse health outcomes following discharge.
Objectives and ApproachThe objective was to describe medications prescribed at discharge and quantify the association between these medication classes and risk of emergency department (ED) visits within 30 days. A retrospective, population-based cohort study was conducted using linked health administrative databases of adults discharged from hospital to the community between April 2016-March 2017, in Ontario, Canada. To distinguish medications prescribed at discharge from those by community providers, we examined medications dispensed in the 30-days following hospitalization but prior to another healthcare encounter (physician visit, ED visit, or rehospitalization). Adjusted logistic regression was used to determine the association between medication classes at discharge and ED visits in 30 days post discharge.
ResultsOur study cohort included 214, 011 patients. Median age was 76 (IQR:66-82), 52% were females, 92% were discharged home and 8% were discharged to long term care. Patients were dispensed a median of 3 medications (IQR: 2-6). The most common medications included hydromorphone (16% of all patients, 71% of which represented new use), pantoprazole (15% of patients, 40% new use), furosemide (13% of patients, 34% new use), amlodipine (10% of patients, 35% new use) and oxycodone (9% of patients, 70% new use). To account for confounding by indication, we adjusted for age, sex, discharge service, discharge disposition, in hospital diagnoses and length of stay. Medications which were most highly associated with an increased risk of ED visits included antipsychotics, antiepileptics, anti-infectives, systemic corticosteroids, antihypertensives and cardiac stimulants.
Conclusion / ImplicationsCharacterizing potential medication related harm in the 30-days following hospitalization is an important first step in understanding which patients may benefit most from hospital-based medication related interventions.
Occupational Exposures and Ischaemic Heart Disease: Results from The Entire New Zealand Population
Authors: Eng Amanda , Corbin Marine , Denison Hayley , Barnes Lucy , Mannetje Andrea 't , McLean Dave , Laird Ian , Douwes Jeroen 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionIschaemic Heart Disease (IHD) is a leading cause of death in Western countries. Common occupational exposures such as loud noise, long working hours, and sedentary work have been associated with increased IHD risks, but inconsistently.
Objectives and ApproachThis study examines associations between incident IHD and exposure to long working hours, sedentary work, and loud noise. Individual-level microdata from Statistics New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI) were extracted for adults (age 20-64 years) with occupation recorded on the 2013 Census. The number of working hours was extracted from the Census, and exposure to sedentary work and loud noise was assessed through job exposure matrices (JEMs). IHD events (from 2013 to end of 2018) were identified using hospitalisations, prescriptions and deaths. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using cox regression adjusted for age, socioeconomic status, and smoking. Results were stratified by sex and ethnicity.
ResultsA total of 20,610 IHD cases were identified from 1,594,680 individuals employed at time of Census. Both short (<35) and long (55+) working hours were associated with an increased IHD risk in crude analyses, but effects disappeared after adjustment for age and socioeconomic status. For females, sedentary work (>90% of the time compared to <50%) was associated with a reduced risk (HR(Non-Māori)=0.86, 95%CI=0.75-0.99; HR(Māori)=0.71, 95%CI=0.44-1.14). For males, exposure to the highest noise category (>90dBA) compared to no exposure (<80dBA) was associated with elevated HRs without reaching statistical significance (HR(Non-Māori)=1.12, 95%CI=0.96-1.29; HR(Māori)=1.25, 95%CI=0.89-1.75). For females exposure to the 80-85dBA category compared to no exposure also showed elevated HRs (HR(Non-Māori)=1.14; 95%CI=1.04-1.26; HR(Māori)=1.16; 95%CI=0.93-1.46), but too few females were employed in jobs with the highest noise exposure.
ConclusionThese preliminary analyses do not support sedentary work or long working hours as IHD risk factors, but do suggest a modest increase in IHD risk associated with occupational exposure to noise.
Holistic Approach to Data Linkage at Monash University
Authors: Andrew Nadine , Mac Manus Chris , Padmanabhan Komathy , Lucas Mark , Kannan Anitha 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionMonash University’s health researchers are at the forefront of Health, Epidemiological and Translational research. Powered by research funding of over $69 million per year, Monash encompasses 13+ registries, 44+ clinical trials and 47+ cohort studies underpinned by complex multimodal, large and often sensitive datasets. Many of these research activities are occurring in isolation. Opportunities exist to better deliver higher impact research at scale through capacity building in data sharing.
Objectives and ApproachWe have designed this session to demonstrate how significant investment in health data platform infrastructure by a University, can support best practice in data linkage and health research.
ResultsContent will include:

An overview of Helix – people as a platform, research stakeholders, and key capabilities.
Institutional data governance and sharing capabilities – linking two or more researcher held datasets exampled by a use-case of linking biobank data to a clinical registry dataset.
Monash Helix data linkage working group – established to develop a community of practice to advance data linkage capabilities across Monash with a focus on: knowledge sharing; ethics, governance and data security; analytic training; and improved access to external administrative datasets.
Secure eResearch Platform (SeRP) – developed by Swansea University who have partnered with Monash University to bring their best practice framework and technologies in managing sensitive health data to Monash researchers and their national and international collaborators.
Future directions - participation in defining the strategic priorities of the Health Studies National Data Asset Program by creating distributed data infrastructure capability to develop, share and link FAIR data collections from the government, research and health care sectors.

Conclusion/ImplicationsThe session will facilitate discussions on how we can build on these activities, both nationally and internationally, to develop a community of practice around knowledge sharing and best practice in data linkage.