bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐world outcomes of chemoradiotherapy for unresectable Stage III non‐small cell lung cancer: The SOLUTION study
Authors: Horinouchi Hidehito , Atagi Shinji , Oizumi Satoshi , Ohashi Kadoaki , Kato Tomohiro , Kozuki Toshiyuki , Seike Masahiro , Sone Takashi , Sobue Tomotaka , Tokito Takaaki , Harada Hideyuki , Maeda Tadashi , Mio Tadashi , Shirosaka Ikue , Hattori Kana , Shin Eisei , Murakami Haruyasu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere are limited real‐world data on the treatment practices, outcomes, and safety of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) alone in potential candidates for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for unresectable non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we analyzed the safety and efficacy of CRT in patients who underwent CRT and would satisfy the key eligibility criteria for maintenance therapy with durvalumab (eg, no progression after CRT) in real‐world settings (m‐sub) for unresectable Stage III NSCLC between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015 at 12 sites in Japan. The m‐sub comprised 214 patients with a median follow‐up of 31.6 months (range 1.9‐65.8 months). Median overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) from completing CRT were 36.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 28.1 months to not reached) and 9.5 months (95% CI 7.7‐11.7 months), respectively. Consolidation chemotherapy did not influence OS or PFS. Median PFS was 16.9 vs 9.1 months in patients with vs without epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, with PFS rates of ~20% at 3‐4 years. Pneumonitis was the most common adverse event (according to MedDRA version 21.0J), and about half of events were grade 1. Pneumonitis mostly occurred 10‐24 weeks after starting CRT, peaking at 18‐20 weeks. Esophagitis and dermatitis generally occurred from 0 to 4 weeks, peaking at 2‐4 weeks after starting CRT. Pericarditis was rare and occurred sporadically. In conclusion, the results of the m‐sub provide real‐world insight into the outcomes of CRT, and will be useful for future evaluations of ICI maintenance therapy after CRT.
An extraordinary rare presentation of liver hydatidosis with hydatid cyst scolices
Authors: Davakis Spyridon , Syllaios Athanasios , Kyros Eleandros , Garmpis Nikolaos , Charalabopoulos Alexandros 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe extraordinary finding of scolices with the characteristic hooklets may be found during the microscopic analysis in patients with cystic echinococcosis.
Challenges in transfusion and the role of Thalidomide in E‐β‐Thalassemia—A case report
Authors: Javed Rizwan , Radhakrishnan Vivek , Basu Sabita , Chandy Mammen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHemoglobin E‐β‐thalassemia is a common β‐thalassemia that has a variable presentation from mild to severe life‐threatening anemia. We describe such a case, who presented with severe anemia and multiple allo‐antibodies. Our case illustrates the role of thalidomide in transfusion‐sparing therapies in patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia and challenges in the blood bank.
N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide and short‐term mortality in acute aortic dissection: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Vrsalovic Mislav , Vrsalovic Presecki Ana , Aboyans Victor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life‐threatening medical emergency that requires immediate diagnosis and rapid treatment. There is a paucity of data on the role of biomarkers in risk stratification of patients with AAD.HypothesisN‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) is associated with short‐term mortality in AAD patients.MethodsWe systematically searched Medline and Scopus to identify all observational cohort studies published before January 2020 that compared outcome (short‐term mortality) in patients with AAD with high vs low levels of baseline NT‐proBNP combining terms “brain natriuretic peptide” and “aortic dissection.” A meta‐analysis was conducted using the generic inverse variance method. Heterogeneity between studies was investigated using the Cochrane's Q test and I2 statistic.ResultsFour studies were included in final analysis including a total of 950 patients, and 105 (11%) patients died. Baseline NT‐proBNP concentrations were significantly higher in nonsurvivors (median 2240 pg/mL, range 1678‐16 347 pg/mL) when compared to survivors (665 pg/mL, 328‐1252 pg/mL). Elevated NT‐proBNP values were significantly associated with an increased risk of short‐term mortality (odds ratio 4.13, 95% CI [confidence interval] 2.33‐7.33), with low heterogeneity (I2 = 8.77%, Cochran Q = 2.19, P = .33), and no publication bias. The pooled standardized mean difference between groups was 1.28 (95% CI 0.99‐1.56), with low heterogeneity (I2 = 38.73%, Cochran Q = 3.26, P = .19).ConclusionElevated NT‐proBNP levels on admission are associated with an increased risk of short‐term mortality in AAD.
Long‐term effectiveness of one‐time endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer: A community‐based study in rural China
Authors: Zhang Nan , Li Yanyan , Chang Xuan , Lei Fuhua , Ma Hengmin , Liu Jinhui , Yang Jia , Su Mingzhu , Sun Xiaojie , Zhao Deli , Sun Qiang , Wei Wenqiang , Wang Guiqi , Wang Jialin 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundEvidence is required to quantify the population‐level effects of endoscopic screening for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the long‐term effectiveness of 1‐time endoscopic ESCC screening in a Chinese rural population.MethodsThis community‐based cohort study was based on an existing esophageal cancer screening program in Feicheng City, China. The screening group consisted of all permanent residents aged 40 to 69 years in 17 villages who were screened during 2006 through 2009, and the control group consisted of residents in another 43 villages who were not yet covered by the screening program. Residents in the remaining 511 villages were defined as the total population control. The cumulative incidence and mortality of ESCC and the observed and expected numbers of ESCC cases and deaths during the follow‐up period (2010‐2018) were calculated and compared.ResultsAfter a 9‐year follow‐up, the screening group (n = 8460) revealed reductions of 20% (relative risk, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.66‐0.97) and 32% (relative risk, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52‐0.89) in ESCC cumulative incidence and mortality, respectively, compared with the control group (n = 20,468). Endoscopic screening prevented 0.41% of the population (attributable risk, 0.41%; 95% CI, 0.07%‐0.75%) from ESCC occurrence and 0.38% (attributable risk, 0.38%; 95% CI, 0.14%‐0.62%) from ESCC‐related death. In the screening group, reductions of 43% (standardized incidence ratio, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.48‐0.67) and 45% (standardized mortality ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.44‐0.69) were found in the observed cumulative cases and deaths, respectively, compared with the expected cases and deaths.ConclusionsOne‐time endoscopic screening was associated with a significant and consistent reduction in ESCC incidence and mortality among individuals aged 40 to 69 years in high‐risk areas.
Space‐Time Localisation for the Dynamic Model
Authors: Moinat Augustin , Weber Hendrik 
Published: July 2020

We prove an a priori bound for solutions of the dynamic equation. This bound provides a control on solutions on a compact space‐time set only in terms of the realisation of the noise on an enlargement of this set, and it does not depend on any choice of space‐time boundary conditions.We treat the large‐ and small‐scale behaviour of solutions with completely different arguments. For small scales we use bounds akin to those presented in Hairer's theory of regularity structures. We stress immediately that our proof is fully self‐contained, but we give a detailed explanation of how our arguments relate to Hairer's. For large scales we use a PDE argument based on the maximum principle. Both regimes are connected by a solution‐dependent regularisation procedure.The fact that our bounds do not depend on space‐time boundary conditions makes them useful for the analysis of large‐scale properties of solutions. They can, for example, be used in a compactness argument to construct solutions on the full space and their invariant measures. © 2020 The Authors. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
The color stability and wear resistance of provisional implant restorations: A prospective clinical study
Authors: Alevizakos Vasilios , Mitov Gergo , Teichert Franziska , von See Constantin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the present clinical study was to determine the stability of color and resistance against abrasion and attrition of provisional single implant restorations.Material and MethodsA group of 16 patients were treated with provisional crowns made of Telio CAD. Shortly before the insertion the crowns were photographed and scanned using a 3D‐laser scanner. After 8 weeks of clinical usage, the crowns were photographed and scanned again. The vertical occlusal wear and color changes between the restorations were measured.ResultsThe occlusal plane of the original crown showed a statistically significant reduction of 0.052 mm ± 0.037 mm 8 weeks after placement (p < .05). For the stability of color, a change in red, green and blue was described. All three scopes (red, green and blue) showed a statistically significant reduction (p < .05).ConclusionsThis prospective clinical study showed that Telio CAD experienced a significant occlusal reduction and color change after an intraoral placement of 8 weeks.
Designing therapeutic strategies to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 disease: COVID‐19
Authors: Rohilla Suman 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA highly contagious coronavirus disease COVID‐19 caused by a recently identified severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) initially detected in Wuhan, China has spread worldwide and become a major health crisis in the absence of specific vaccine or antiviral drugs. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection has resulted in overwhelming number of reported deaths. Unfortunately it is still spreading uncontrollably despite implementing stringent protective measures. Rapid development of effective therapeutic strategies for treatment and prevention of infection is crucially required. Although genomic characterization has assisted in unfolding various aspects of SARS‐CoV‐2 but development of specific antiviral drugs and vaccine against COVID‐19 is still a worldwide challenge. Understanding the disease pathological course underlying the clinical manifestations of COVID‐19 is imperative to identify the vital targets for drug development. SARS‐CoV‐2 uses angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to enter the host cell and primarily target type II alveolar cells. COVID‐19 disease progression is associated with distressed immune functions and hyper active inflammatory system leading to development of cytokine storm which is a vital factor involved in disease advancement. The current review elucidates the disease pathology and summarizes the possible therapeutic options to battle against COVID‐19 on the basis of current state of understanding about SARS‐CoV‐2 pathogenic pathways and knowledge gained from previous SARS and MERS‐CoV epidemics. Therapeutic strategies to treat and prevent infection as well as to suppress the disease progression to reduce severity and mortality rate is discussed. Drug candidates currently under consideration and undergoing clinical trials for COVID‐19 treatment are highlighted.
Therapist‐guided smartphone‐based aftercare for inpatients with severe anorexia nervosa (SMART‐AN): Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schlegl Sandra , Neumayr Christina , Voderholzer Ulrich 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveInpatient treatment for patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) is recommended in extreme or severe cases after failure of outpatient treatment and is highly effective. However, a number of patients show symptom increase and relapse after discharge. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a therapist‐guided smartphone‐based aftercare intervention for inpatients with AN to support symptom stabilization.MethodA total of 186 female patients with a DSM‐5 diagnosis of AN (307.1) will be randomized either to receive a 16‐week smartphone‐based aftercare intervention with therapist feedback as add‐on to treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Data will be assessed at discharge (= baseline, T0), after 16 weeks (= end of the aftercare intervention, T1) and after 10 months (= 6‐month follow‐up, T2). Primary outcome will be overall eating disorder symptomatology (Eating Disorder Examination Global score). Secondary outcome measures will include body mass index, depression, motivation to change, self‐efficacy, patient satisfaction with and adherence to the smartphone‐based aftercare intervention as well as rehospitalization rate.DiscussionThis study will be the first randomized controlled trial to examine a therapist‐guided smartphone‐based aftercare intervention for inpatients with AN. Results may reveal whether and to which extent this novel intervention can support symptom stabilization after inpatient treatment.
Pelvic floor muscle training for women with lumbopelvic pain: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Vesentini Giovana , Prior Joanna , Ferreira Paulo H. , Hodges Paul W. , Rudge Marilza , Ferreira Manuela L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveIt has been suggested that pelvic floor dysfunction may contribute to the development of lumbopelvic pain as a result of changes in trunk muscle control. However, there is limited evidence that pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) can improve clinical outcomes in women with lumbopelvic pain.Databases and Data TreatmentSix databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effectiveness of PFMT to other conservative interventions (usual physiotherapy care or minimal intervention), no treatment or placebo interventions on pain and disability in women with lumbopelvic pain.ResultsWe included eight RCTs totalling 469 participants. PFMT was more effective than minimal intervention for lumbopelvic pain [mean difference (MD) 15.9/100 (95% confidential interval (CI), 8.2 to 23.6; p = 0.00; I2 = 3.92%)] and disability [standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.5 (95% CI 0.1–0.9; p = 0.00; I2 = 0%)] during pregnancy. PFMT was more effective than usual physiotherapy care for pain (MD 11.7/100 [95% CI 7.5–15.9; p = 0.00; I2 = 94.14%]) and disability (SMD 0.3 (95% CI 0.0–0.6; p = 0.01; I2 = 82.54%]) in non‐pregnant women. Effect sizes were in general of arguable clinical relevance.ConclusionsOverall, the certainty of the evidence was very low to low. There is no conclusive evidence that the addition of PFMT to usual physiotherapy care or minimal intervention is superior to minimal intervention and usual care alone given the small number of studies and high levels of heterogeneity of included studies. Further well‐designed trials are needed to establish the effectiveness of PFMT for lumbopelvic pain in women.
Conduction velocity of the cold spinal pathway in healthy humans
Authors: Leone Caterina , Di Lionardo Andrea , Diotallevi Giulia , Mollica Cristina , Di Pietro Giuseppe , Di Stefano Giulia , La Cesa Silvia , Cruccu Giorgio , Truini Andrea 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the conduction velocity of the cold spinal pathway in healthy humans.MethodsUsing a cold stimulator consisting of micro‐Peltier elements that was able to produce steep cooling ramps up to −300°C/s, we recorded cold‐evoked potentials after stimulation of the dorsal midline at C5, T2, T6 and T10 vertebral levels and calculated the conduction velocity of the cold spinal pathway. In all participants, we used laser stimulation to deliver painful heat (Aδ‐fibres–mediated) and warm (C‐fibres–mediated) stimuli to the same sites in order to compare the conduction velocity of the cold spinal pathway with that of the nociceptive and warm spinal pathways.ResultsCold stimulation evoked large‐amplitude vertex potentials from all stimulation sites. The mean conduction velocity of the cold spinal pathway was 12.0 m/s, which did not differ from that of the nociceptive spinal pathway (10.5 m/s). The mean conduction velocity of the warm spinal pathway was 2.0 m/s.DiscussionThis study provides previously unreported findings regarding cold spinal pathway conduction velocity in humans that may be useful in the assessment of spinal cord lesions as well as in intraoperative monitoring during spinal surgery.SignificanceThis neurophysiological study provides previously unreported findings on cold spinal pathway conduction velocity in healthy humans. Cold‐evoked potentials may represent an alternative to laser‐evoked potential recording, useful to assess spinothalamic tract in patients with spinal cord lesions and monitor patients during spinal surgery.
Creating the Ideal Push‐Pull System for Electrocatalysis: A Comparative Study on Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Cardanol‐based Cobalt Phthalocyanines
Authors: Nkhahle Reitumetse , Nyokong Tebello 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA symmetrical cardanol‐based cobalt phthalocyanine (Pc) along with its asymmetrical acid‐based derivatives were synthesized and applied in the electrocatalysis of hydrazine. Despite the inhibition of electron movement by the bulky cardanol‐based substituent throughout the series of molecules, an ideal combination of substituents was established in GCE‐3 (2,9,16‐tris(3‐pentadecylphenoxy)‐23‐mono propionic acid phthalocyanato cobalt (II)) where a limit of detection (LoD) value of 5.10 μM (signal to noise ratio=5) was recorded for the detection of hydrazine. The results obtained serve as an illustration that the combination of electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing substituents has a significant influence on the complete functioning of the phthalocyanine molecule(s) being investigated.
Finite element analysis of an actively controlled heavy rotor using a PVDF piezoelectric layer as a sensor and actuator
Authors: Kumar Tarun , Kumar Rajeev , Jain Satish C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractReduction in the torsional vibration of heavy rotors (eg, turbo‐generator rotors) is important for the safe and efficient functioning of the power plant. In this paper, a theoretical study is performed to control the torsional vibration of a turbo‐generator rotor using a piezoelectric material, namely a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) layer, as a sensor and actuator. Proportional and velocity feedback is used as a control law. The variation in the electromagnetic torque of the synchronous generator during various electrical faults is evaluated using a dq0 model. The finite element (FE) method is used to model the rotor elements. The coupled equations are solved in MATLAB using the Newmark‐beta integration method. The coupling elements of the turbine and generator are most susceptible to shear failure. Hence, the torsional vibration of the coupled rotor on coupling elements is compared for the controlled and uncontrolled scenarios. The simulation results show that, for an actively controlled rotor, a significant reduction in the amplitude of the torsional vibrations is observed.
Porosity problems: Comparing and reviewing methods for estimating porosity and volume of wood jams in the field
Authors: Livers Bridget , Lininger Katherine B. , Kramer Natalie , Sendrowski Alicia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPorosity, or void space, of large wood jams in stream systems has implications for estimating wood volumes and carbon storage, the impacts of jams on geomorphic and ecological processes, and instream habitat. Estimating porosity and jam dimensions (i.e. jam volume) in the field is a common method of measuring wood volume in jams. However, very few studies explicitly address the porosity values in jams, how porosity is calculated and assessed for accuracy, and the effect such estimates have on carbon and wood budgets in river corridors. We compare methods to estimate jam porosity and wood volume using field data from four different depositional environments in North America (jam types include small in‐channel jams, large channel‐margin jams, a large island apex jam, and a large coastal jam), and compare the results with previous studies. We find that visual estimates remain the most time‐efficient method for porosity estimation in the field, although they appear to underpredict back‐calculated porosity values; the accuracy of jam porosity, and thus wood volume, estimates are difficult to definitively measure. We also find that porosity appears to be scale invariant, dictated mostly by jam type, (which is influenced by depositional processes), rather than the size of the jam. Wood piece sorting and structural organization are likely the most influential properties on jam porosity, and these factors vary according to depositional environment. We provide a framework and conceptual model that uses these factors to demonstrate how modeled jam porosity values differ and give recommendations as a catalyst for future work on porosity of wood jams. We conclude that jam type and size and/or the study goals may dictate which porosity method is the most appropriate, and we call for greater transparency and reporting of porosity methods in future studies. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating active investing with generic trading reactions
Authors: Zoicas‐Ienciu Adrian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe evaluate the performance of rules using past information to generate daily trading signals. Assuming generic trading reactions to buy and sell signals, we derive an analytic excess return that isolates commissions, interests, the impact of trading timing, and that of the benchmark's choice. The result is useful in dealing with data snooping through leverage and benchmark tweaking. We illustrate the empirical implications by examining trend‐following performance across Dow Jones Industrial Average (1927–2016) and an international sample of major equity indexes and blue‐chip stocks (1980–2016). The results show substantial, fading, non‐persistent and highly methodology‐sensitive excess returns.