bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting Incidence and Prevalence
Authors: Grunberg Steven M. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: Although chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is recognized as having been an important problem during the initial introduction of chemotherapy into the antineoplastic armamentarium, the assumption that this problem has already been solved can restrict optimal management and further advances. Underestimation of nausea and vomiting may have many causes. If these toxicities are assumed to be necessary properties of chemotherapy, then their incidence may be taken for granted. If nausea and vomiting appear after discharge from the clinic several days after chemotherapy, these toxicities may not be reported because of poor recall or because of efforts by patients to avoid unnecessary complaints. Physician education may be compromised if physicians see nausea and vomiting as population problems but not problems for their own patients. Failure to recognize nausea and vomiting as two distinct entities that may appear independently of each other can also limit understanding of the prevalence of these problems and efforts at effective management. Continued attention to the impact of nausea and vomiting on the patient experience will be necessary to insure optimal maintenance of quality of life.
Management of Small T1a/b N0 Breast Cancers
Authors: Elias Anthony D. 
Published: February 2020

Overview: T1ab N0 breast cancer generally has excellent prognosis. Adverse prognostic factors include HER2+ disease, ER-negative disease, high-grade histology, T1b, and young age of patient. These patients are largely excluded from most trials, and to date, no prospective studies for this group yet reported. Treatment guidelines are vague and treatment inconsistent. As yet, in the HER2+ population, little experience with targeted therapy has been reported. Prospective trials are needed.
Investigating the suitability of high-resolution mass spectrometry for newborn screening: identification of hemoglobinopathies and β-thalassemias in dried blood spots
Authors: Wiesinger Thomas , Mechtler Thomas , Schwarz Markus , Xie Xiaolei , Grosse Regine , Nieves Cobos Paulina , Kasper David , Lukacs Zoltan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A fast and reliable method for the determination of hemoglobinopathies and thalassemias by high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HRAM/MS) is presented. The established method was verified in a prospective clinical study (HRAM/MS vs. high-pressure liquid chromatography [HPLC]) of 5335 de-identified newborn samples from the Hamburg area. The analytical method is based on a dual strategy using intact protein ratios for thalassemias and tryptic digest fragments for the diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies. Due to the minimal sample preparation and the use of flow injection, the assay can be considered as a high-throughput screening approach for newborn screening programs (2 min/sample). Using a simple dried blood spot (DBS) extraction (tryptic digest buffer), the following results were obtained: (1) a carrier incidence of 1:100 newborns (35 FAS, nine FAC, eight FAD and two FAE), and (2) no homozygous affected patient was detected. Using the HRAM/MS protocol, an unknown Hb mutation was identified and confirmed by genetic testing. In addition to greater specificity toward rare mutations and β-thalassemia, the low price/sample (1–2€) as well as an automated data processing represent the major benefits of the described HRAM/MS method.
Evaluation of an outpatient department (OPD)-based prescribing pattern of fixed-dose combinations in a tertiary care institute in Central India
Authors: Chandel Satish , Rai Niket , Balakrishnan Sadashivam , Jhaj Ratinder , Vishwe Akash , Gour Pushpraj , Santenna Chenchula , Sharma Shweta 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundFixed-dose combinations (FDCs) are being widely prescribed for the treatment of various disorders in India. However, not all FDCs are rational. To know the awareness of physicians in prescribing rational FDCs was the need of the hour in order to assess the prescribing trends and rationality of FDCs. Eventually, this will help to formulate the guideline for rational use of FDCs.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study conducted in All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, MP, India. Prescriptions were collected over a period of 2 months by the convenience sampling method from hospital pharmacy. The data were subjected to descriptive analysis using Microsoft Excel and Graph Pad Prism. Results were expressed in mean ± standard deviation (SD), percentages and 95% confidence interval.ResultsA total of 2496 drugs were prescribed in 1008 prescriptions, of which 945 (37.82%) were FDCs with an average of 0.93 ± 0.94 (mean ± SD) per prescription. Of 945, 67 (7.09%) were included in National List of Essential Medicine 2015 considered as rational. The number of prescriptions containing one or more FDCs was 629 (62.40%). FDCs were more frequently prescribed to male patients (54.92%) and in the age group of 18–30 years (33.44%). FDCs containing a proton pump inhibitor were prescribed most frequently (16.29%) followed by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (13.96%) and multivitamins (7.83%).ConclusionsPrescribing irrational FDCs was very common, and hence there is an obvious need to update our prescribers about the irrationality of FDC and motivate them to develop a habit of rational prescribing.
Evaluating current practices and policies in the use of injectable medicines for treating myalgia in a primary care center in Pamekasan, Indonesia
Authors: Prasetio Eko , Utami Wahyu , Othman Zulhabri , Wardani Ari , Rahem Abdul , Hermansyah Andi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Myalgia in patients can be associated with a large array of conditions, including injuries, infections and inflammations. Treatment for myalgia may include the use of oral, topical and injectable medicines (IM). However, the use of IM has been restricted by the World Health Organization due to the common hazards associated with inappropriate medicine use, risks of disease transmission and more expensive spending for using IM. Accordingly, the Ministry of Health of Indonesia (MoH) has limited the use at the level of ≤1% in every primary care center (Puskesmas) across the nation. The aim of this study was to report and evaluate rational drug use injection in myalgia in a Puskesmas in Pamekasan, Indonesia.

Methods
This study reviewed official documents, such as rational drug use report, medicine use databases and drug request report. The documents were obtained from the district health office or public domain from 2014 to 2018. Data were then collated, extracted and presented as frequencies.

Results
The average rate of use of IM for myalgia in Pamekasan was 36.15%. All 20 Puskesmas in Pamekasan conducted injection practice above the recommended level, thus reflecting a major gap between practice and policy implementation. This study implies that a substantial effort is needed to enforce the policy.

Conclusions
The use of IM for myalgia treatment in Pamekasan from 2014 to 2018 was significantly higher than the recommended level, thus reflecting a major problem in the practice. This is an alarming call for the local healthcare stakeholders to improve such a situation.
Why simple quadrature is just as good as Monte Carlo
Authors: Vanslette Kevin , Al Alsheikh Abdullatif , Youcef-Toumi Kamal 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We motive and calculate Newton–Cotes quadrature integration variance and compare it directly with Monte Carlo (MC) integration variance.
We find an equivalence between deterministic quadrature sampling and random MC sampling by noting that MC random sampling is statistically indistinguishable from a method that uses deterministic sampling on a randomly shuffled (permuted) function.
We use this statistical equivalence to regularize the form of permissible Bayesian quadrature integration priors such that they are guaranteed to be objectively comparable with MC.
This leads to the proof that simple quadrature methods have expected variances that are less than or equal to their corresponding theoretical MC integration variances.
Separately, using Bayesian probability theory, we find that the theoretical standard deviations of the unbiased errors of simple Newton–Cotes composite quadrature integrations improve over their worst case errors by an extra dimension independent factor

∝

N

-

1
2

{\propto N^{-\frac{1}{2}}}

.
This dimension independent factor is validated in our simulations.
Thailand: country report on children’s environmental health
Authors: Chandanachulaka Siriwan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThailand is the home of 66.4 million people of which 17.21% are children aged 0–14 years. The total population of children has decreased from 20.23% in 2009 to 17.21% in 2018. The mortality ratio of infants and children under 5 years of age has also steadily decreased between 2008 and 2017. Urbanization, globalization, and industrialization appear to be the main contributors to the transition from infectious to chronic non-communicable diseases. The main types of environmental exposure to children are water, sanitation and hygiene, air pollution from traffic in inner cities, chemical hazards from pesticides which result from agricultural activities in countryside areas, heavy metal contaminants such as lead and arsenic from anthropogenic activities, e.g. from industrial zones, mining, electronic appliance waste, and ongoing climate change. It is concluded that economic development and rapid urbanization in Thailand have resulted in environmental degradation and pose a risk to children’s health. Future development and implementation of measures to improve children’s environmental health (CEH) in the country are needed. Some examples include research specific to environmental threats to children’s health; international environmental health networks to share experience and expertise; and solutions to solve the problems.
Ginsenosides, potent inhibitors of sialyltransferase
Authors: Huang Wenxin , Sun Liwen , Wang Baihui , Ma Yan , Yao Dahong , Han Weina , Wang Libo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The overexpression of sialic acids and sialyltransferases (STs) during malignant transformation and progression could result in the aberrant sialylation of cancer cells. Therefore, interfering the sialic acid synthesis might be an effective pathway in cancer therapy. In this study, we assessed that the antitumor inhibitors of 20(S)-ginsenosides Rg3, 20(R)-ginsenosides Rg3, 20(S)-ginsenosides Rh2, and 20(R)-ginsenosides Rh2 could block the sialoglycans in liver cancer cells HepG2. The results showed that these four compounds could inhibit the expressions of the total and free sialic acid at different levels in HepG2, respectively; also, it showed dose dependence. In addition, the results of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the above four compounds can inhibit the expression of STs significantly. We also found that these compounds could mediate the block of sialylation of α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids in HepG2 cells by flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the results of the molecular docking investigation showed that these compounds showed strong interaction with ST6GalI and ST3GalI. These results verified that the ginsenosides have a powerful inhibiting aberrant sialylation, and it laid a theoretical foundation for further research on the investigation of ginsenosides as the target inhibitors on STs.
State of Mental Health and Associated Factors in Nursing Students from Southeastern Iran
Authors: Mohebbi Zinat , Setoodeh Giti , Torabizadeh Camelia , Rambod Masoume 
Published: February 2020

Objective. To evaluate the state of mental health and its relation with associated factors among nursing students.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 130 students from the Nursing and Midwifery College affiliated to the University of Medical Sciences of Shiraz (Iran). Data was collected through a document that included information on the demographic characteristics, the mean grades of the practical assignments and of the total (practical and theoretical assignments), and the Goldberg Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) that measures symptoms grouped into four dimensions (somatic symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction, and depression).Results. Most of the participants (65.1%) were women; 5.3% were between 21 and 22 years of age, 84.5% were single, and 33.3% were in the sixth semester; 68.5% of the students had problems with mental health. By dimensions of the GHQ-28, it was found that 7.7% had somatic symptoms, 13.8% symptoms of anxiety and sleep disorders, 52.3% social dysfunction, and 6.2% depression. Males had a higher score of depression than females, and being single was related with higher scores of physical symptoms, anxiety and insomnia, and depression, compared with those who were married. An inverse relationship was found between the GHQ-28 average score and the semester, the grade in practical assignments, and the total grade for physical symptoms and anxiety and insomnia. Conclusion. There is a high proportion of nursing students with suspected mental health disorder. Some demographic and academic factors are related with the mental health of students and must be kept in mind by the institutions training future nurses.Descriptors: students, nursing; mental health; depression; anxiety; sleep wake disorders; confounding factors (epidemiology); surveys and questionnaires.How to cite this article: Mohebbi Z, Setoodeh G, Torabizadeh C, Rambod M. State of Mental Health and Associated Factors in Nursing Students from Southeastern Iran. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e04.
Validity and Reliability of the Treatment Adherence Questionnaire for Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Esquivel Garzón Natalia , Díaz Heredia Luz Patricia 
Published: February 2020

Objective. To determine the validity and reliability of the Treatment Adherence Questionnaire for Patients with Hypertension (TAQPH), Spanish version, designed by Chunhua Ma et al.Methods. This study was carried out in the city of Ibagué (Colombia) and the test validation determined validity (face, content, and construct) and reliability. Face and content validity were conducted through expert judgment, using Fleiss’ Kappa Coefficient statistical tests and modified Lawshe’s content validity index. The construct validity and the reliability test had the participation of 220 people with diagnosis of primary hypertension. Reliability was calculated through Cronbach’s alpha statistical test.Results. In the face validity, the instrument reported a Fleiss’ Kappa index was 0.68 in comprehension, 0.76 in clarity, and 0.64 in accuracy, interpreted as a substantial agreement. The content validity index was satisfactory with 0.91; el exploratory factor analysis reported six factors with a total variance explained of 54%. Cronbach’s alpha for the total scale was 0.74.Conclusion. The Spanish version of the TAQPH is a valid and reliable scale to evaluate adherence to treatment in patients with primary hypertension.Descriptors: essential hypertension; treatment adherence and compliance; surveys and questionnaires; psychometrics; validation studies.How to cite this article: Esquivel N, Díaz LP. Validity and Reliability of the Treatment Adherence Questionnaire for Patients with Hypertension. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e09.
<sup>18</sup>F-fluoroethyltyrozine positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography and computed tomography perfusion in complex diagnostic of glial brain tumors
Authors: Pronin A. I. , Dolgushin M. B. , Sashin D. V. , Meshcheryakova N. A. , Ryzhova O. D. , Gasparyan T. G. 
Published: February 2020

The study objective is to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of complex method based on the use of 18 F-fluoroethyltyrozine positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomography (CT) and CT perfusion in the differential diagnosis of glial brain tumors.Materials and methods. One hundred and two patients with glial brain tumors were included in the study. Depending on the degree of malignancy patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1–38 (37.26 %) patients with grade I–II tumors; group 2–64 (62.74 %) patients with grade III–IV tumors. Perfusion CT was performed in 20 (52.6 %) patients from the group with grade I–II tumors and 37 (57.8 %) patients from the group with grade III–IV gliomas. The sensitivity and specificity of such indicators as the maximum standardized uptake value (maxSUV) and the tumor to brain ratio (TBR), in combination with CT perfusion indicators (cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), vascular permeability (FED) were studied.Results. The highest diagnostic accuracy was demonstrated by the following parameters: maxSUV 1 (sensitivity and specificity 81 and 82 %, threshold value 2.51, AUC 0.87); TBR 1 (sensitivity and specificity 90.6 and 81.6 %, threshold value 2.07, AUC 0.89). The comprehensive evaluation of CT perfusion and 18 F-fluoroethyltyrozine PET / CT parameters: sensitivity and specificity of TBR 1 + CBF – 97.1 and 94.4 %, respectively; TBR 1 + CBV – 96.6 and 94.4 %, respectively; TBR 1 + FED – 94.6 and 92.3 %, respectively.Conclusion. According to results of obtained analysis, an increase in diagnostic accuracy was revealed for all studied parameters with complex use of two methods – 18 F-fluoroethyltyrozine PET / CT and CT perfusion, in differential diagnosis of glial brain tumors.
Challenge and its opportunity to deliver education through cloud computing environment in Ethiopia
Authors: Nega Asebe Teka 
Published: February 2020

These days technology plays enormous roles in making day to day human activities easier. Previously established institutions need to reconstruct their data centers to run their business in an easy and comfortable manner. information and communication technologies (ICT) used for progressive improvement in the quality of education. in most developing country education disseminate rate is low with different factors poor of infrastructure, well engaged and capable teachers, geographical locations, different education tools, laboratories and also budgeting issues are the main challenges, as government higher education can invest more budget and they can deploy different clouds for a society at least one public university in one state have responded to deploy a cloud. they can distribute centrally different educational information’s, books, and so on, again not expected that all schools are developing their own datacenter and full fill different computing infrastructure’s which cost more instead with this scenario all schools including primary, secondary and university’s mostly fourth-generation universities since they may take a lot of time to deploy their infrastructures until they can use another’s universities cloud minimizing costs and manpower.
Embarazo gemelar monocoriónico monoamniótico. Presentación de tres casos y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Rodríguez-Castillo Juliana , Delgado-Gutiérrez Julián , Quintero-Mejía Juan Carlos , Peña-Ramírez Tatiana , García-Novillo Sandra 
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: realizar el reporte de casos de embarazo gemelar monocoriónico monoamniótico con entrecruzamiento de cordones y hacer una revisión de la literatura respecto al pronóstico de este tipo de gestación, seguimiento prenatal e intervenciones de manejo hasta su finalización.Materiales y métodos: se presenta el reporte de tres casos que ocurrieron en el Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Colombia, centro de referencia de nivel III del suroccidente colombiano, el cual atiende población embarazada de alto riesgo obstétrico. Se desarrolló una búsqueda de la literatura en la base de datos Medline/Pubmed publicada en español e inglés durante el periodo comprendido entre enero de 1990 a mayo 2013. Se utilizaron los términos: “gemelos”, “gemelos monocigóticos”, “embarazo múltiple”, “embarazo gemelar”. Se incluyeron artículos de revisión, reporte de casos y estudios de corte transversal.Resultados: se revisaron 23 artículos de los cuales 5 correspondieron a artículos de revisión, 7 reportes de casos y 11 estudios de corte trasversal. La información acerca de las tasas de mortalidad, evaluación prenatal, seguimiento, manejo de las complicaciones, momento y modo del nacimiento en gemelos monoamnióticos es controversial.Conclusión: la gestación gemelar monocorial monoamniótica constituye un evento poco frecuente. Esta condición está asociada con múltiples complicaciones obstétricas que incluyen la muerte fetal relacionada con accidentes de los cordones umbilicales (entrecruzamientos). El objetivo del cuidado prenatal constituye la prevención de la mortalidad fetal, por lo que se sugiere la realización continua de pruebas de bienestar fetal. Se ha propuesto la terminación del embarazo en la semana 34 de gestación por operación cesárea, previa administración de esteroides.
Pressure prediction and abnormal working conditions detection of water supply network based on LSTM
Authors: Xu Zhe , Ying Zhihao , Li Yuquan , He Bishi , Chen Yun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this study, a deep learning model based on LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) is used to predict the state of a water supply network due to its highly complex nonlinearity. The inputs of the model include state information on the pressures at measuring points, as well as control information on the water supply pressure and flow at each entry point. In order to enhance the performance of the model in feature extraction and identification and improve prediction accuracy, a parallel LSTM tandem DNN deep neural network model (PLDNN) is proposed. The experimental results indicate that the model has better learning performance and accuracy compared with traditional prediction methods (artificial neural networks, support vector machines, etc.) and general LSTM models.
Experimental study of clear-water contraction scour
Authors: Singh Ravindra Kumar , Pandey Manish , Pu Jaan H. , Pasupuleti Srinivas , Villuri Vasanta G. Kumar 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, experimental results of clear-water scour on a sand bed under short contractions were studied. Sequences of test runs were performed under clear-water conditions for three different contraction ratios. The outcomes of the experiments were employed to define the effects of various parameters on equilibrium scour depth under clear-water scour conditions. In this work, the precision of three maximum scour depth equations was tested from previous studies for contraction scour cases. Two new analytical equations were proposed to calculate time-dependent scour depth and maximum scour at equilibrium conditions, respectively, from the study. The proposed equations were validated using measurements from the present study as well as from previous literature, and the equations show a reasonable agreement between measured and computed values of scour depth under clear-water conditions in short contraction. The presented equations can be used for studying protection of the submerged portion at a bridge abutment or any similar structure.