bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Early Recurrence of Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation
Authors: Feng Jiliang , Zhu Ruidong , Feng Dezhao , Yu Lu , Zhao Dawei , Wu Jushan , Yuan Chunwang , Chen Junmei , Zhang Yan , Zheng Xiu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHepatocellular carcinomas(HCC) consisted of heterogeneous subtypes with different recurrence probabilities after liver transplantation(LT). Our study aimed to develop an improved model for predicting the recurrence of solitary HCC after LT. In this retrospective study, 151 solitary HCC patients who received orthotopic LT over a period of 10 consecutive years were included. All recipients received graft from deceased donors. The first eligible 50 patients were used as validation cohort and others were utilized to construct the model. A two-tailed P < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance for all analysis. Based on the maximisation of the Youden’s index, the optimal cutoff values for alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) and tumor diameter were 261.6 ng/mL and 3.6 cm, respectively. Vascular involvement includes gross and microscopic vascular invasion. Variables potentially affecting recurrence-free survival(RFS) were examined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that AFP, tumor diameter, vascular invasion and cytokeratin-19/glypican-3 sub-typing were independent prognostic factors for RFS, thus comprised the risk scoring model. The AUC values of the model in the cohorts were significantly higher than that of the Milan, UCSF, Fudan and Hangzhou criteria. These findings suggest the model has high performance in predicting early recurrence of solitary HCC patients after LT.
Employing DNA binding dye to improve detection of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei in real-time LAMP
Authors: Ma Biao , Yu Huanteng , Fang Jiehong , Sun Chuanxin , Zhang Mingzhou 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEnterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) is a pathogen in the pancreatic tissue of prawn, as reported in recent years. Enterosporidiosis caused by EHP in Penaeus genus is spreading widely, which seriously threatens the sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture in the world. Empolying the DNA binding dye of SYTO-16, a real-time quantitative loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method has been established herein to detect EHP. The primer sequences used in the LAMP reaction were according to the SSU rRNA gene. The LAMP assay has reached a sensitivity of 101 copies/µL and no cross-reaction with other aquatic pathogens. Compared with normal PCR, the efficiency of the LAMP technique is more sensitive, which has a shorter detection time. The use of fluorescent nucleic acid dye (SYTO-16) reveals a more satisfactory performance relative to calcein. The quantitative LAMP assay can be considered as a valid tool for rapid detection of microsporidian in prawns. Our study provides a scientific basis to follow the effect of the pathogen infection on growth of cultured penaeid shrimp.
Propranolol exhibits activity against hemangiomas independent of beta blockade
Authors: Sasaki Maiko , North Paula E. , Elsey Justin , Bubley Jeffrey , Rao Shikha , Jung Yoonhee , Wu Shengnan , Zou Ming-Hui , Pollack Brian P. , Kumar Jayanth , Singh Hartej , Arbiser Jack L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPropranolol is a widely used beta blocker that consists of a racemic mixture of R and S stereoisomers. Only the S stereoisomer has significant activity against the beta-adrenergic receptor. A fortuitous clinical observation was made in an infant who received propranolol for cardiac disease, and regression of a hemangioma of infancy was noted. This has led to the widespread use of propranolol for the treatment of large and life-threatening hemangiomas of infancy. Infants receiving propranolol require monitoring to ensure that they do not suffer from side effects related to beta blockade. The exact mechanism of activity of propranolol in hemangioma of infancy is unknown. In this study, we treated hemangioma stem cells with both beta blockade active S- and inactive R-propranolol and looked for genes that were coordinately regulated by this treatment. Among the genes commonly downregulated, Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) was among the most regulated. We confirmed that propranolol isomers downregulated ANGPTL4 in endothelial cells, with greater downregulation of ANGPTL4 using the beta blockade inactive R-propranolol. ANGPTL4 is present in human hemangiomas of infancy. Finally, R-propranolol inhibited the growth of bEnd.3 hemangioma cells in vivo. The implication of this is that hemangioma growth can be blocked without the side effects of beta blockade. Given that humans have been exposed to racemic propranolol for decades and thus to R-propranolol, clinical development of R-propranolol for hemangiomas of infancy and other angiogenic diseases is warranted.
Clioquinol induces S-phase cell cycle arrest through the elevation of the calcium level in human neurotypic SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: Lv Xiaoguang , Zheng Qiaoqiao , Li Ming , Huang Zhiwei , Peng Min , Sun Jing , Shi Ping 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Clioquinol is recently considered to be the most promising drug for treating cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. However, its mode of action varies from different disease models. In this study, we found that clioquinol inhibited cell growth in human neurotypic SHSY-5Y cells, which was attributed to both S-phase cell-cycle arrest and autophagic cell death. Clioquinol increased the intracellular contents of iron and zinc as well as calcium as measured by ICP-AES. Staining of Fluo-3 confirmed an increase in the level of calcium. Analysis of the metal-binding ability of clioquinol showed that it was not a chelating agent of calcium ions and the elevation of intracellular calcium content is not achieved by clioquinol as an ionophore. CaCl2 could simulate or even aggravate the cytotoxicity of clioquinol and it increased S-phase cell cycle arrest induced by clioquinol in a concentration dependent manner. Staining of acridine orange demonstrated that autophagy induced by clioquinol was not affected by addition of calcium ions. In contrast, the intracellular calcium ion chelator BAPTA-am abolished the clioquinol-induced S phase arrest and reduced the cell death caused by clioquinol. The WB assay of cell cycle-related proteins (CDK2, p21 and p27) further confirmed that S phase arrest is positively correlated with intracellular calcium elevation, which was due to the alterations of the mRNA and protein levels of calcium pumps (SERCA and SPCA). Taken together, these data indicate that clioquinol regulates the level of intracellular calcium ions to induce S-phase cell cycle arrest in human SH-SY5Y cells. Our results demonstrate for the first time that an increase of intracellular calcium content is one of the mechanisms of clioquinol in the inhibition of human neurotypic SHSY-5Y cells.
Monte Carlo simulation of HPGe gamma‐spectrometry systems
Authors: Hou Dongjie , Guo Siming , Huang Jianwei , Wu Chong , Wu Jinjie 
Published: November 2019

In order to obtain the relationship between energy and channel, the suitable radionuclides are chosen to calibrate. The result shows a goodness of fitting. The Monte Carlo simulation about the detection efficiency of the high purity germanium (HPGe) gamma‐spectrometry system was performed. The distance between radioactive source and the end cap is set 15, 20, 25 and 50 cm, respectively. The maximum absolute efficiency locates at around 80 keV. It can be concluded that the absolute efficiency is declining accompany with the increasing of distance. In the end, at the distance of 25 cm, the authors changed thickness of the dead layer and the source distribution to calculate. The maximum absolute efficiency is 8.56E−03, and the relative deviation is 0.0011. Then it was compared with the experimental result provided with the manufacturer. The result of simulation shows a certain agreement with the experimental results. This work will be helpful for calculating the efficiency of HPGe gamma‐spectrometry.
Fingerprinting the effects of hyperfine structure on CH and OH far infrared spectra using Wiener filter deconvolution
Authors: Jacob Arshia M. , Menten Karl M. , Wiesemeyer Helmut , Lee Min-Young , Güsten Rolf , Durán Carlos A. 
Published: November 2019

Context. Despite being a commonly observed feature, the modification of the velocity structure in spectral line profiles by hyperfine structure complicates the interpretation of spectroscopic data. This is particularly true for observations of simple molecules such as CH and OH toward the inner Galaxy, which show a great deal of velocity crowding.
Aims. In this paper, we investigate the influence of hyperfine splitting on complex spectral lines, with the aim of evaluating canonical abundances by decomposing their dependence on hyperfine structures. This is achieved from first principles through deconvolution.
Methods. We present high spectral resolution observations of the rotational ground state transitions of CH near 2 THz seen in absorption toward the strong FIR-continuum sources AGAL010.62 − 00.384, AGAL034.258+00.154, AGAL327.293 − 00.579, AGAL330.954 − 00.182, AGAL332.826 − 00.549, AGAL351.581 − 00.352 and SgrB2(M). These were observed with the GREAT instrument on board SOFIA. The observed line profiles of CH were deconvolved from the imprint left by the lines’ hyperfine structures using the Wiener filter deconvolution, an optimised kernel acting on direct deconvolution.
Results. The quantitative analysis of the deconvolved spectra first entails the computation of CH column densities. Reliable N(CH) values are of importance owing to the status of CH as a powerful tracer for H2 in the diffuse regions of the interstellar medium. The N(OH)/N(CH) column density ratio is found to vary within an order of magnitude with values ranging from one to 10, for the individual sources that are located outside the Galactic centre. Using CH as a surrogate for H2, we determined the abundance of the OH molecule to be X(OH) = 1.09 × 10−7 with respect to H2. The radial distribution of CH column densities along the sightlines probed in this study, excluding SgrB2(M), showcase a dual peaked distribution peaking between 5 and 7 kpc. The similarity between the correspondingly derived column density profile of H2 with that of the CO-dark H2 gas traced by the cold neutral medium component of [CII] 158 μm emission across the Galactic plane, further emphasises the use of CH as a tracer for H2.
Total hip arthroplasty in patients with chronic liver disease: A systematic review
Authors: Onochie Elliot , Kayani Babar , Dawson-Bowling Sebastian , Millington Steven , Achan Pramod , Hanna Sammy 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a significant and increasingly prevalent co-morbidity in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). These patients may develop metabolic bone disease (MBD) and systemic dysfunction, which pose challenges to THA surgery. This systematic review of literature aims to examine clinical outcomes and complications in patients with CLD undergoing THA and provide evidence-based approaches as to the optimization of their perioperative care.
Methods: A Pubmed search was performed, identifying eight studies on 28 514 THAs for inclusion. Two additional studies reported on 44 patients undergoing THA post liver transplant. These were reviewed separately.
Results: Increased early perioperative complications are reported recurrently. Review of long-term complications demonstrates an increased postoperative infection rate of 0.5% (p < 0.001) and perioperative mortality of 4.1% (p < 0.001). The need for revision surgery is more frequent at 4% (p < 0.001). Aetiology of need for revision surgery included; periprosthestic infection (70%), aseptic loosening (13%), instability (13%), periprosthetic fracture (2%) and liner wear (2%). THA in patients with liver transplants seems to offer functional improvement; however, no studies have formally assessed functional outcomes in the patient with active CLD.
Discussion: A multidisciplinary perioperative approach is suggested in order to minimize increased complication risks. Specific measures include optimizing haemoglobin and taking measures to reduce infection. This review also highlights gaps in available literature and guides future research to appraise functional outcomes, further detail long-term failure reasons and study any differences in outcomes and complications based on the range of operative approaches and available implant choices.
Urethral Reconstruction in a Reference Center in Eastern Colombia
Authors: Tobar-Roa Verónica , Ortiz-Zableh Ana María , Mantilla-Rey Daniel José , Sarmiento-Sarmiento Guillermo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction and Objectives Urethral stricture is a complex pathology of multiple etiologies, and of unknown incidence in our country. There are multiple options for the management of urethral stricture, from minimally invasive procedures, like urethral dilation or direct vision internal urethrotomy, to open surgical reconstruction using excision and primary anastomosis (EPA), or augmented urethroplasty with tissue graft.The aim of the present study is to describe the characteristics of the patients managed with urethral reconstructive surgery in a reference center in eastern Colombia.
Methods Observational retrospective cohort study. Data was obtained from patients undergoing urethral reconstructive surgery at the institution from August 2013 to December 2017. All of the surgeries were performed by the same surgical team. The clinical and demographic variables were collected, and the validated urethral stricture surgery patient-reported outcome measure (USS-PROM) questionnaire was applied.
Results A total of 56 patients were included in the study, 26 patients (46.4%) underwent excision and primary anastomosis (EPA), and 30 (53.6%) underwent graft urethroplasty. The average age at the time of the intervention was 53.3 years old. The most frequent etiology was trauma, and the mean length of the stenosis was 1.7 cm for the EPA group, and 3 cm for the graft urethroplasty group (p = 0.009). A history of previous surgery was found in 66% of the patients, and radiotherapy in 2 patients.The mean follow-up was of 14 months (range: 0–52 months), observing similar success rates for both techniques. Despite of the small sample size, when analyzing the Kaplan-Meier curves, we observed a tendency of a better response in the group without previous treatments and with stenosis with a length < 2 cm.The rate of postoperative complications was of 23%, with no statistical difference between the 2 groups. The USS-PROM questionnaire was applied to 29 patients, finding that 27 out of 29 respondents were satisfied with the results of the procedure, and all of them would recommend it to another person.
Conclusions The results of our study show that urethral reconstruction surgery performed in an experienced center is associated with a good success rate, and that patients are satisfied with the result of the procedure.
Effect of silage characteristics on enteric methane emission from ruminants.
Authors: Gastelen S. van , Bannink A. , Dijkstra J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

This review evaluates the effects of silage characteristics on enteric methane (CH
4
) emission from ruminants by performing a meta-analysis. A total of 17 studies were selected from the literature, and the relationship between CH
4
yield (g/kg dry matter [DM] intake) and silage characteristics was determined using a mixed model univariate regression procedure. For grass silage, organic matter digestibility (%;
R
2
=0.74) and crude protein content (g/kg DM;
R
2
=0.36) were negatively associated, and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content (g/kg DM;
R
2
=0.44) was positively associated with CH
4
yield. This indicates that increased grass silage quality consistently decreases CH
4
yield and may be an effective enteric CH
4
mitigation strategy. Similarly, optimizing maize silage quality appears to be an effective enteric CH
4
mitigation strategy, because NDF content (g/kg DM;
R
2
=0.60) was positively associated with CH
4
yield. Upon replacing grass silage with maize silage, dietary starch content (g/kg DM;
R
2
=0.62) and silage replacement level (%;
R
2
=0.33) were negatively associated, and NDF content (g/kg DM;
R
2
=0.34) was positively associated with CH
4
yield. These results indicate that replacing grass silage with maize silage consistently decreases CH
4
yield and may be an effective enteric CH
4
mitigation strategy. In contrast, replacement of alfalfa silage with maize silage was not associated with CH
4
yield and does not appear to be an effective strategy to decrease CH
4
yield. In conclusion, management practices to improve silage quality are a potent mitigation strategy to reduce enteric CH
4
emission per unit of feed fed to ruminants, and implications of silage quality have to be addressed when assessing greenhouse gas emissions in ruminant production.
Magnetic control of nonlinear electron resonance heating in a capacitively coupled radio frequency discharge
Authors: Oberberg M , Engel D , Berger B , Wölfel C , Eremin D , Lunze J , Brinkmann R P , Awakowicz P , Schulze J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In magnetized capacitively coupled radio frequency (RF) plasmas operated at low pressure, the magnetic asymmetry effect (MAE) provides the opportunity to control the discharge symmetry, the DC self-bias, and the ion energy distribution functions at boundary surfaces by adjusting a magnetic field, that is oriented parallel to the electrodes, at one electrode, while leaving it constant at the opposite electrode. This effect is caused by the presence of different plasma densities in regions of different magnetic field strength. Here, based on a balanced magnetron magnetic field configuration at the powered electrode, we demonstrate that the magnetic control of the plasma symmetry allows to tailor the generation of high frequency oscillations in the discharge current induced by the self-excitation of the plasma series resonance (PSR) through adjusting the magnetic field adjacent to the powered electrode. Experimental current measurements performed in an argon discharge at 1 Pa as well as results of an equivalent circuit model show that nonlinear electron resonance heating can be switched on and off in this way. Moreover, the self-excitation of the PSR can be shifted in time (within the RF period) and in space (from one electrode to the other) by controlling the discharge symmetry via adjusting the magnetic field.
Maximum entropy method for flood frequency analysis: A case study of the Grand River in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Deng J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Flood frequency analysis provides the fundamental information for the design of hydraulic and civil infrastructure facilities as well as water resources management. The available procedures to determine flood distributions and their parameters from historical data suffer from restriction on the family of presumed standard classical distributions, such as gamma distribution and extreme value distributions. This paper presents a distribution-free approach for flood frequency analysis by using the combination of maximum entropy method and Akaike’s information criterion. The determination procedure is given in a flowchart. It is distribution-free because no classical distributions were presumed in advance and the inference result gives a universal form of probability curves. Comparative studies from historical flood data show that the proposed method can, accurately and reasonably, characterize the probabilistic information of observed or transformed flood data.
Degradation of metformin in water using electro-Fenton process
Authors: Orata E D , De Leon P D P , Doma B T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Metformin has become an emerging contaminant in water compartments like many other pharmaceutical drugs. Moreover, conventional treatment methods are not enough to remove metformin in water. The use of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) may be a solution to this problem. Electro-Fenton is an AOP that combines electrolysis and Fenton process to form reactive specie used to treat contaminants in water. The effects and optimum values of parameters for metformin degradation with electro-Fenton namely Fe2+ concentration, applied current, and pH were observed and gathered in this study, as well as rate constants of the degradation. The experimental solutions were contained in a continuously stirred vessel with boron-doped diamond as anode and carbon felt for the cathode. It was observed that the optimal values for each parameter are 0.1 mM for Fe2+ concentration, 300 mA for current, and pH=3. At these optimum conditions, a percent removal of 99.57 % was observed after 27 min of electrolysis. The value of the absolute rate constant (kabs) was found out to be (5.2658 ± 0.0656) × 109 M−1 s−1, which was calculated based on the competition kinetics and Vierordt’s methods.
The role of drinking water source, sanitation, and solid waste management in reducing childhood stunting in Indonesia
Authors: Irianti S , Prasetyoputra P , Dharmayanti I , Azhar K , Hidayangsih P S 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIndonesia still bears a significant public health problem of stunting among under-5 (U-5) children. Environmental factors have been demonstrated to be associated with stunting as indirect causes. However, the extent to which the environmental factors determine the stunting burden in rural Indonesia is stil underexplored. Hence, this study investigates environmental factors that determine stunting among U-5 children in the rural areas of Indonesia. We employed data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey 2014/2015 (IFLS5) and selected a sample size of 2,571 children under five years of age residing in rural areas. We performed a multivariable logistic regression analysis and estimated the “population attributable fraction” (PAF) of drinking water, sanitation, and garbage collection on stunting. The results suggest that unimproved drinking water source and improper garbage collection correspond with higher odds of child stunting. Inadequate sanitation facility, however, was not found to be significantly influencing the odds of stunting. Moreover, household wealth is protective of risk of stunting. Furthermore, the PAF analysis demonstrated that 21.58% of the stunting burden among U-5 children residing in rural areas are preventable by providing access to an improved drinking water source and better household solid waste management to prevent repeated infections.
Using HEC-RAS for analysis of flood characteristic in Ciliwung River, Indonesia
Authors: Sholichin Moh , Prayogo T B , Bisri M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Jakarta is a large city with a population of around 10 million who still suffer flooding during the rainy season. A program that is being implemented to reduce flooding that occurs every year is called “Total Solution for Ciliwung”. One of the programs is to build 3 (three) diversion channels on the Ciliwung River located in Kalibata, Kebon Baru, and Kampung Melayu respectively. This paper only discusses the problem of flooding in Jakarta in the aspect of hydraulics. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the character of floods in the Ciliwung River based on variations in the choice of diversion channel locations. Analysis of flood characteristics using the HEC-RAS 4.1 Program. The results of the analysis provide conclusions, that variation 7 (seven) provides the most optimal reduction in flooding. The main result is, the water level profile in point 260, the water flow is sub-critical which the water level at +18.50 m or decreases by 0.5 m from the existing condition at +19.00 m. While the inundation area become of 2,414 km2 is reduced by 0.60 km2 or by 20% from the existing condition 3,018 km2.