bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Test of Cohen's Developmental Model for Professional Socialization With Baccalaureate Nursing Students
Authors: McCain Nancy L 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
The study was designed to test the Cohen (1981 ) model of professional socialization, which proposes that nursing students progress through four developmental stages of unilateral dependence, negative/independence, dependence/ mutuality, and interdependence as they advance through an educational program. The Professional Socialization Staging Scale (PS3), consisting of four subscale scores representative of the stages, was administered to 422 students enrolled in eight clinical nursing courses. Instrument revision was accomplished using a cross-validation design, and the study hypotheses were tested with 214 subjects in the cross-validation subsample. Significant findings (p<.05) were that beginning students were more dependent than were graduating students, that older students were less dependent and more highly interdependent than were younger students, and that students with concurrent work experience in nursing-related fields were more highly interdependent than were students without concurrent work experience. With all groups of students evidencing the
interdependence stage, no relationship was found between the sequential developmental stages and level of enrollment. Thus results of the study failed to support the Cohen model (McCain, 1984).
Beginning Students' Definitions of Nursing: An Inductive Framework of Professional Identity
Authors: Cook Tom H , Gilmer Mary Jo , Bess Carolyn J 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Nursing identity is a developmental process that evolves throughout professional nurses' careers. Educational systems that prepare nurses include experiences that are important in the early development of nursing identity. Therefore, faculty in nursing programs are interested in understanding how their students perceive and define professional identity.
For this study, a qualitative design was selected to explore students' early beliefs and concepts about nursing. Data were collected on the students' first day of the nursing program using the open-ended question, "What is your definition of nursing?" Using a qualitative descriptive approach, thematic analyses of the data are provided. Results revealed an inductive framework of professional nursing identity based on students* descriptions and definitions of nursing.
These results demonstrate that nursing students come to an educational program with more than a rudimentary conception of professional identity. Use of these data may lead to opportunities to improve nursing students' educational experiences and foster tibe development of professional identity. Faculty can use knowledge of students' definitions of nursing to enrich student learning.
Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Wilms Tumor
Authors: Yadav Devendra Kumar , Jain Vishesh , Dinda Amit Kumar , Agarwala Sandeep 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose: T-lymphocytes-infiltrating tumors (TILs) are white blood cells (CD3+) found within the tumor and are thought to indicate a T-cell-mediated specific immune response. The purpose was to evaluate the presence and the subtypes of TILs in Wilms tumor (WT) specimens. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted, and consecutive cases of WT registered and treated at our center were included in the study. The resected tumor was processed by taking multiple sections from the tumor and the peritumoral area. The sections were then processed for evaluating TILs and their subtypes (CD4 + and CD8+). TILs were assessed as a percentage of the total mononuclear cell infiltration in both these areas in all specimens. Results: Twenty-four consecutive specimens of WT were studied. The mean TILs (CD3+) counts was significantly higher (P = 0.001) in the peritumoral area (22.64 ± 1.42; range 20.2%–25%) as compared to the tumor (21.08 ± 2.42; range 14.6%–23.1%). The mean T-Helper (CD4+) counts was also significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the peritumoral area (13.04 ± 1.79; range 10.5%–16.5%) than in the tumor (7.30 ± 1.81; range 4.2%–10.1%). The mean cytolytic T-lymphocytes (CTLs-CD8+) counts in peritumoral area were 6.64 ± 1.09 (range 4.2%–9.2%), while in the tumor, it was 11.96 ± 3.09 (range 3.6%–16.4%). Two patients died on follow-up due to recurrence. These patients showed a markedly lower CD8+ cell count and higher CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the tumor. Conclusion: T-cells infiltration takes place in WT, and most of the patients demonstrate a higher concentration of CTL (CD8+) in the tumor as compared to the peritumoral area.
Analysis of Dedifferentiated Liposarcomas Emphasizing the Diagnostic Dilemmas
Authors: Lali Bhagat Singh , Kini Hema , Chakraborti Shrijeet , Kini Jyoti , Suresh Pooja K 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is defined as a progression of well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS) to another nonlipogenic sarcoma. Since a variety of heterologous sarcomas can be encountered in dedifferentiation, clinical dilemmas arise. The present study analyzed the role of clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical (IHC) features in the diagnosis of DDLPS and its differentiation from mimics. Materials and Methods: A retrospective and prospective study was conducted wherein all cases of liposarcoma from 2012 to 2017 were reviewed. DDLPS cases were identified among pleomorphic lesions. Clinical and histopathological details for these cases were retrieved from medical records section and department archives. Histomorphology and immunohistochemistry (MDM2, S100, and Ki-67) were analyzed for these cases. Results: Among 37 cases of liposarcomas reviewed, DDLPS was diagnosed in 12 cases (32.4%). Mean age of the patients was 54.3 years with equal gender distribution (M:F =1:1.2). Two patients had recurrent tumors. Most were retroperitoneal (58.3%) with mean duration of symptoms being 8.7 months. Mean tumor dimension was 17.5 cm. High-grade dedifferentiated component was most common (83.3%) with only one case each (8.3%) of low-grade and homologous dedifferentiation. Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma was the frequent nonlipogenic sarcoma. MDM2 overexpression was detected in 100%, focal S100 positivity seen in 66.6%, and mean Ki-67 labeling index was 24. Conclusion: DDLPS exhibits aggressive clinical behavior. Adequate sampling, correlation to clinical details, demonstration of transition from WDLPS to DDLPS aid in narrowing the differentials. Immunostaining with MDM2 helps in definite categorization and S100 highlights lipoblasts, when they are not easily identifiable. MDM2, CDK4, and p16 IHC panel is recommended in all cases and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis where IHC is noncontributory.
Cervical Hibernoma: A Very Rare Tumor of Childhood – Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Prakash Advait , Singh Sangram , Dhull Kshiteej , Sharma Sankalp , Vyas Tanmay , Jain Anvesh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHibernomas are uncommon benign soft-tissue tumors which are composed of brown fat. They are usually seen in adults in the fourth and fifth decades and the common locations are thigh, shoulder, and back. Only few cases in the posterior neck region have been reported in literature. Hibernoma is very uncommon in the pediatric age group and those in the neck region are extremely rare. We present a hibernoma presenting as a swelling on the posterior aspect of base of the neck in a 5-month-old male infant. Considering the rare occurrence in the pediatric age group and difficulty in diagnosis, the clinical features, radiological features, pathological characteristics, differential diagnosis, and management of this rare tumor of childhood are discussed herewith.
Analysis of Relapsed/Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma Treated with Autologous Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Kulkarni Vishal , Sapkota Sulav , Badarkhe Girish V , Srinivas BJ , Naik Radheshyam 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroduction: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the common lymphomas with high cure rate. Aims: The aim was to study the outcome of relapsed/refractory HL treated with autologous transplantation. Objectives: The objective was to study the overall survival, overall response, and disease-free survival of the relapsed/refractory HL after autologous transplantation. Methods: It was a retrospective study conducted over a period of 8 years in our center using computer-based database and medical records as the data source. Results: A total of 22 patients were diagnosed with relapsed/refractory HL of which majority of cases were male patients (59%) with a mean age of 29 years (range: 15–57 years) and were Stage 4A (40.9%), with nodular sclerosis (54.5%). The overall response rate was 81.8% with 9.1% complete response, 72.7% partial response, and 4.5% stable disease; the overall survival was 77.92 ± 6.65 months, and disease-free survival was 69.66 ± 8.13 months. Conclusion: Autologous stem cell transplant plays an integral role in the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma.
Meditation-Based Interventions for Adults With Dementia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hoffman Lindsey , Hutt Rebecca , Yi Tsui Celine Kin , Zorokong Kim , Marfeo Elizabeth 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Importance: With the high prevalence and cost of dementia care worldwide, a need exists to develop cost-effective and evidence-based treatment for people with dementia. Meditation, which has been demonstrated to have positive effects on brain health, may be a viable intervention option.
Objective: To investigate how meditation-based interventions affect health and quality-of-life (QOL) outcomes for adults with dementia.
Data Sources: Articles were located by using the keywords meditation, mindfulness, mind–body, dementia, and Alzheimer’s to search the following electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane, and JumboSearch at Tufts University.
Study Selection and Data Collection: Using Arksey and O’Malley’s methodology, a scoping review was conducted to examine scientific and gray literature published between 1997 and 2018. Data were abstracted and assessed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Only articles that included a meditation-based intervention and at least 1 participant with dementia were included.
Findings: Nineteen articles met inclusion criteria. The four main outcomes that emerged from the literature were improvement in QOL, mental health, cognition, and functional abilities after participation in a meditation-based intervention. The outcome with the strongest support was the effectiveness of meditation-based interventions in maintaining cognitive function in people living with dementia. Significant gaps in the research were identified, including weak research design, inconsistency in measurement of outcomes, small sample sizes, and a lack of standardized meditation protocols for people with dementia.
Conclusions and Relevance: Our findings suggest that incorporating meditation into interventions for clients with dementia can have beneficial results. Opportunities exist for occupational therapy practitioners to advocate for the continuation of research in this field. Notable gaps in the literature highlight the need for randomized controlled trials and the development of standardized meditation protocols for people with dementia.
What This Article Adds: Meditation-based interventions for people with dementia are associated with improved quality of life and cognition and may be viable treatment options for occupational therapists to implement in their practice.
Impacts of future agricultural change on ecosystem service indicators
Authors: Rabin Sam S. , Alexander Peter , Henry Roslyn , Anthoni Peter , Pugh Thomas A. M. , Rounsevell Mark , Arneth Almut 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. A future of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations,
changing climate, growing human populations, and shifting
socioeconomic conditions means that the global agricultural system
will need to adapt in order to feed the world. These changes will
affect not only agricultural land but terrestrial ecosystems in
general. Here, we use the coupled land use and vegetation model LandSyMM (Land System Modular Model) to quantify future land use change (LUC) and resulting
impacts on ecosystem service indicators relating to carbon
sequestration, runoff, biodiversity, and nitrogen pollution. We
additionally hold certain variables, such as climate or land use,
constant to assess the relative contribution of different drivers to
the projected impacts. Some ecosystem services depend critically on
land use and management: for example, carbon storage, the gain in
which is more than 2.5 times higher in a low-LUC scenario (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 4 and Representative Concentration Pathway 6.0; SSP4-60)
than a high-LUC one with the same carbon dioxide and climate
trajectory (SSP3-60). Other trends are mostly dominated by the
direct effects of climate change and carbon dioxide increase. For
example, in those two scenarios, extreme high monthly runoff
increases across 54 % and 53 % of land,
respectively, with a mean increase of 23 % in
both. Scenarios in which climate change mitigation is more difficult
(SSPs 3 and 5) have the strongest impacts
on ecosystem service indicators, such as a loss of 13 %–19 %
of land in biodiversity hotspots and a 28 % increase in
nitrogen pollution. Evaluating a suite of ecosystem service
indicators across scenarios enables the identification of tradeoffs
and co-benefits associated with different climate change mitigation
and adaptation strategies and socioeconomic developments.
Technical note: Nikon–TRACKFlow, a new versatile microscope system for fission track analysis
Authors: Van Ranst Gerben , Baert Philippe , Fernandes Ana Clara , De Grave Johan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We present Nikon–TRACKFlow, a new system with dedicated modules for automated
microscope control and imaging for the fission track laboratory. It serves
as a Nikon alternative for the Zeiss-based TrackWorks package from Autoscan
Systems. Nikon–TRACKFlow is based on the Nikon Eclipse Ni-E motorised upright
microscope and is embedded within Nikon NIS-Elements software. The system
decouples image acquisition from analysis to decrease schedule stress of the
microscope based on a number of automated user-friendly designs and
protocols: (1) the well plate design that allows sequential scanning of
multiple samples without the need of replacing the slide on the stage; (2) two protocols that are designed for the external detector method and the
LA–ICP–MS fission track approach with tools for repositioning and
calibration of the external detector; and (3) two other tools that are designed for
automated point selection and scanning of large crystals, such as the
Durango age standard and U-doped glass external detectors. In future
versions, Nikon–TRACKFlow aims to step away from the dedicated system for
fission track imaging towards a general high-throughput imaging system for
Earth Sciences and other material-oriented sciences.
Complicated Fusobacterium necrophorum mastoiditis – More than meets the eye
Authors: Fuller Katherine , Kaddour Mohammad , Phuong Linny , Lawrence Joanna 
Published: April 2020

Otitis media is common in children and Fusobacterium species are an emerging causative pathogen. These species have virulence factors which increase the risk of complicated otitis media. We discuss a case of F. necrophorum infection resulting in significant intracranial disease to highlight the epidemiology of these infections, risk factors for complicated disease and signs and symptoms to guide diagnosis and investigation.
Nanopatterned Nafion Microelectrode Arrays for In Vitro Cardiac Electrophysiology
Authors: Choi Jong Seob , Smith Alec S. T. , Williams Nisa P. , Matsubara Tatsuya , Choi Minji , Kim Joon‐Wan , Kim Hyung Jin , Choi Seungkeun , Kim Deok‐Ho 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, nanopatterned Nafion microelectrode arrays for in vitro cardiac electrophysiology are reported. With the aim of defining sophisticated Nafion nanostructures with highly ionic conductivity, fabrication parameters such as Nafion concentration and curing temperature are optimized. By increasing curing temperature and Nafion concentration, the replication fidelity of Nafion nanopatterns when copied from a polydimethylsiloxane master mold are controlled. It is also found that cross‐sectional morphology and ion current density of nanopatterned Nafion strongly depends on the fabrication parameters. To investigate this dependency, current‐voltage analysis is conducted using organic electrochemical transistors overlaid with patterned Nafion substrates. Nanopatterned Nafion is found to allow higher ion current densities than unpatterned surfaces. Furthermore, higher curing temperatures are found to render Nafion layers with higher ion/electrical transfer properties. To optimize nanopattern dimensions, electrical current flows, and film uniformity, a final configuration consisting of 5% nanopatterned Nafion cured at 65 °C is chosen. Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are then covered with optimized Nafion nanopatterns and used for electrophysiological analysis of two types of induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (iPSCs‐CMs). These data highlight the suitability of nanopatterned Nafion, combined with MEAs, for enhancing the cellular environment of iPSC‐CMs for use in electrophysiological analysis in vitro.
Flexible Nb4C3Tx Film with Large Interlayer Spacing for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhao Shuangshuang , Chen Chaofan , Zhao Xin , Chu Xuefeng , Du Fei , Chen Gang , Gogotsi Yury , Gao Yu , Dall'Agnese Yohan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMXenes derived from 413 MAX phases are rarely studied but they have the potential to have superior electrical and mechanical properties thanks to a thicker monolayer (four layers of transition metal and three layers of carbon or nitrogen). In this paper, Nb4C3Tx MXene nanosheets are delaminated and freestanding film with 1.77 nm interlayer spacing is obtained, which is larger than that of most previous MXenes. When Nb4C3Tx freestanding films are tested as supercapacitors electrodes, Nb4C3Tx shows high volumetric capacitance, 1075, 687, and 506 F cm−3 in 1 m H2SO4, 1 m KOH, and 1 m MgSO4, respectively, at the scan rate of 5 mV s−1. An in situ X‐ray diffraction technique is used to study the structural changes during the electrochemical charging in 1 m H2SO4 and 1 m MgSO4. There is almost no change in the 21 Å interlayer spacing during the cycling, because the space between the MXene layers is sufficient to accommodate the insertion and deinsertion of cations. This can lead to stable performance of Nb4C3Tx MXene energy storage devices.
Nitrogen‐Doped Ti3C2 MXene: Mechanism Investigation and Electrochemical Analysis
Authors: Lu Chengjie , Yang Li , Yan Bingzhen , Sun Liangbo , Zhang Peigen , Zhang Wei , Sun ZhengMing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNitrogen doping has been proven to be a facile modification strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of 2D MXenes, a group of promising candidates for energy storage applications. However, the underlying mechanisms, especially the positions of nitrogen dopants, and its effect on the electrical properties of MXenes, are still largely unexplored. Herein, a comprehensive study is carried out to disclose the nitrogen doping mechanism in Ti3C2 MXene, by employing theoretical simulation and experimental characterization. Three possible sites are found in Ti3C2Tx (T = F, OH, and O) to accommodate the nitrogen dopants: lattice substitution (for carbon), function substitution (for –OH), and surface absorption (on –O). Moreover, electrochemical test results confirm that all the three kinds of nitrogen dopants are favorable for improving the specific capacitance of the Ti3C2 electrode, and the underlying factors are successfully distinguished. By revealing the nitrogen doping mechanisms in Ti3C2 MXene, this work provides theoretical guidelines for modulating the electrochemical properties of MXene materials for energy storage applications.
2D MXenes for Electromagnetic Shielding: A Review
Authors: Iqbal Aamir , Sambyal Pradeep , Koo Chong Min 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSince the first report on electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding of 2D Ti3C2Tx in 2016, MXenes have captured the leadership position among lightweight shielding materials due to many advantages, including their excellent shielding performance, outstanding metallic conductivity, low density, large specific surface area, tunable surface chemistry, and solution processability. MXenes triggered a huge interest in the materials research community, leading to over 100 reported publications on MXenes' EMI shielding within 3 years. Many MXenes composites and hybrids in different structural forms, such as compact and laminate structures, layer‐by‐layer assemblies, porous foams and aerogels, and segregated structures, have been explored to further improve the intrinsic EMI shielding properties of MXenes. This article comprehensively reviews the recent advancements in MXene‐based EMI shielding materials with different structural morphologies and provides an insight into future challenges and guidelines for finding material solutions for the next‐generation shielding applications.
Secondary Bonds Modifying Conjugate‐Blocked Linkages of Biomass‐Derived Lignin to Form Electron Transfer 3D Networks for Efficiency Exceeding 16% Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Hu Hui‐Chao , Xu Huimin , Wu Junying , Li Lijuan , Yue Fengxia , Huang Liulian , Chen Lihui , Zhang Xingye , Ouyang Xinhua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFabricating high‐efficient electron transporting interfacial layers (ETLs) with isotropic features is highly desired for all‐directional electron transfer/collection from an anisotropic active layer, achieving excellent power conversion efficiency (PCEs) on nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) organic solar cells (OSCs). The complicated synthesis and cost‐consumption in exploring versatile materials arouse great interest in the development of binary‐doping interlayers without phase separation and flexible manipulation. Herein, for the first time, a novel cathode interfacial layer based on biomass‐derived demethylated kraft lignin (DMeKL) is proposed. Features of multiple phenolic‐hydroxyl (PhOH) and uniform‐distributed render DMeKL to exhibit an excellent bonding capacity with amino terminal substituted perylene diiminde (PDIN), and successfully form a high‐efficient isotropic electron transfer 3D network. Synchronously, secondary bonds completely modify conjugate‐blocked linkages of DMeKL, significantly enhance the electron transporting performance on cross‐section and vertical‐sections, and repair the contact of PDIN with active layer. The DMeKL/PDIN‐based 3D‐network exhibits well‐matched work function (WF) (–4.34 eV) with cathode (–4.30 eV) and energy level of electron acceptor (–4.11 eV). DMeKL/PDIN‐based NFAs‐OSC shows excellent short‐circuit current density (26.61 mA cm–2) and PCE (16.02%) beyond the classic PDIN‐based NFA‐OSC (25.64 mA cm–2, 15.41%), which is the highest PCEs among biomaterials interlayers. The results supply a novel method to achieve high‐efficient cathode interlayer for NFAs‐OSCs.