bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Type 2 diabetes is an independent predictor of lowered peak aerobic capacity in heart failure patients with non-reduced or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Abe Takahiro , Yokota Takashi , Fukushima Arata , Kakutani Naoya , Katayama Takashi , Shirakawa Ryosuke , Maekawa Satoshi , Nambu Hideo , Obata Yoshikuni , Yamanashi Katsuma , Nakano Ippei , Takada Shingo , Yokota Isao , Okita Koichi , Kinugawa Shintaro , Anzai Toshihisa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Although type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most frequent comorbidities in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), the effects of T2DM on the exercise capacity of CHF patients are fully unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the coexistence of T2DM lowers CHF patients’ peak aerobic capacity.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 275 Japanese CHF patients with non-reduced ejection fraction (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≥ 40%) or reduced EF (LVEF < 40%) who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing. We divided them into diabetic and nondiabetic groups in each CHF cohort.

Results
The mean peak oxygen uptake (VO2) value was 16.87 mL/kg/min in the non-reduced LVEF cohort and 15.52 mL/kg/min in the reduced LVEF cohort. The peak VO2 was lower in the diabetics versus the nondiabetics in the non-reduced LVEF cohort with the mean difference (95% confidence interval [95% CI]) of − 0.93 (− 1.82 to − 0.04) mL/kg/min and in the reduced LVEF cohort with the mean difference of − 1.05 (− 1.96 to − 0.15) mL/kg/min, after adjustment for age-squared, gender, anemia, renal function, LVEF, and log B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). The adjusted VO2 at anaerobic threshold (AT), a submaximal aerobic capacity, was also decreased in the diabetic patients with both non-reduced and reduced LVEFs. Intriguingly, the diabetic patients had a lower adjusted peak O2 pulse than the nondiabetic patients in the reduced LVEF cohort, but not in the non-reduced LVEF cohort. A multivariate analysis showed that the presence of T2DM was an independent predictor of lowered peak VO2 in CHF patients with non-reduced LVEF and those with reduced LVEF.

Conclusions
T2DM was associated with lowered peak VO2 in CHF patients with non-reduced or reduced LVEF. The presence of T2DM has a negative impact on CHF patients’ exercise capacity, and the degree of impact is partly dependent on their LV systolic function.
Evaluating effectiveness of screening house eaves as a potential intervention for reducing indoor vector densities and malaria prevalence in Nyabondo, western Kenya
Authors: Ng’ang’a Peter Njoroge , Okoyo Collins , Mbogo Charles , Mutero Clifford Maina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Mosquito-proofing of houses using wire mesh screens is gaining greater recognition as a practical intervention for reducing exposure to malaria transmitting mosquitoes. Screening potentially protects all persons sleeping inside the house against transmission of mosquito-borne diseases indoors. The study assessed the effectiveness of house eaves screening in reducing indoor vector densities and malaria prevalence in Nyabondo, western Kenya.

Methods
160 houses were selected for the study, with half of them randomly chosen for eaves screening with fibre-glass coated wire mesh (experimental group) and the other half left without screening (control group). Randomization was carried out by use of computer-generated list in permuted blocks of ten houses and 16 village blocks, with half of them allocated treatment in a ratio of 1:1. Cross-sectional baseline entomological and parasitological data were collected before eave screening. After baseline data collection, series of sampling of indoor adult mosquitoes were conducted once a month in each village using CDC light traps. Three cross-sectional malaria parasitological surveys were conducted at three month intervals after installation of the screens. The primary outcome measures were indoor Anopheles mosquito density and malaria parasite prevalence.

Results
A total of 15,286 mosquitoes were collected over the two year period using CDC light traps in 160 houses distributed over 16 study villages (mean mosquitoes = 4.35, SD = 11.48). Of all mosquitoes collected, 2,872 (18.8%) were anophelines (2,869 Anopheles gambiae sensu lato, 1 Anopheles funestus and 2 other Anopheles spp). Overall, among An. gambiae collected, 92.6% were non-blood fed, 3.57% were blood fed and the remaining 0.47% were composed of gravid and half gravid females. More indoor adult mosquitoes were collected in the control than experimental arms of the study. Results from cross-sectional parasitological surveys showed that screened houses recorded relatively low malaria parasite prevalence rates compared to the control houses. Overall, malaria prevalence was 5.6% (95% CI: 4.2–7.5) n = 1,918, with baseline prevalence rate of 6.1% (95% CI: 3.9–9.4), n = 481 and 3rd follow-up survey prevalence of 3.6% (95% CI: 2.0–6.8) n = 494. At all the three parasitological follow-up survey points, house screening significantly reduced the malaria prevalence by 100% (p < 0.001), 63.6% (p = 0.026), and 100% (p < 0.001) in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd follow-up surveys respectively.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated that house eave screening has potential to reduce indoor vector densities and malaria prevalence in high transmission areas.
A case of long-term survival after splenectomy for solitary splenic metastasis from gastric cancer
Authors: Obana Ayato , Komatsu Nobuo , Aiba Kazuma , Nakanishi Shinya , Abe Masakazu , Yamaguchi Toshiyuki , Hayashi Masahiro , Obi Hayato , Koyama Masamichi , Hashimoto Shinichi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Very rarely does a splenic solitary metastasis arise from a gastric carcinoma because splenic metastasis is usually seen in association with widespread visceral metastasis. Splenectomy is considered to be a curative treatment; however, long-term prognosis after splenectomy has scarcely been reported. We report a case of a metachronous and solitary metastasis to the spleen from gastric cancer in which the patient achieved 5-year recurrence-free survival after splenectomy.

Case presentation
An 84-year-old man underwent an open total gastrectomy involving D1+ lymph nodes dissection for gastric cancer located in the cardia (pT3N1M0, pStage IIB). Eighteen months later, a 2-cm solitary hypodense lesion was detected in the spleen by computed tomography (CT). Twenty-three months later, the serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) value elevated to 19.9 ng/ml, and abdominal CT revealed an increase in tumor size to 5 cm. Positron-emission tomography (PET)-CT revealed intense 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-glucose (FDG) uptake in the spleen without the involvement of other organs and lymph nodes. We diagnosed him with solitary splenic metastasis from gastric cancer and performed a splenectomy 26 months after the first surgery. Histological examination revealed that the splenic tumor was a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, which was very similar to the primary gastric tumor; the lesion was diagnosed as a metastatic tumor from the previous gastric carcinoma. The patient remains healthy to date without recurrence, 5 years after the splenectomy.

Conclusion
We experienced a case of a solitary splenic metastasis from gastric cancer in which 5-year recurrence-free survival was achieved after splenectomy. To determine the surgical indication in patients with splenic metastasis, it is important to differentiate between a solitary lesion or multiple metastasis. Especially, occult metastasis should be excluded by means of several months of follow-up with imaging tests and systemic FDG-PET surveys before splenectomy.
Development of a novel prognostic score combining clinicopathologic variables, gene expression, and mutation profiles for lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Guofeng , Wang Guangsuo , Guo Yanhua , Li Shixuan , Zhang Youlong , Li Jialu , Peng Bin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Integrating phenotypic and genotypic information to improve prognostic prediction is under active investigation for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this study, we developed a new prognostic model for event-free survival (EFS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) based on the combination of clinicopathologic variables, gene expression, and mutation data.

Methods
We enrolled a total of 408 patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas Lung Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-LUAD) project for the study. We pre-selected gene expression or mutation features and constructed 14 different input feature sets for predictive model development. We assessed model performance with multiple evaluation metrics including the distribution of C-index on testing dataset, risk score significance, and time-dependent AUC under competing risks scenario. We stratified patients into higher- and lower-risk subgroups by the final risk score and further investigated underlying immune phenotyping variations associated with the differential risk.

Results
The model integrating all three types of data achieved the best prediction performance. The resultant risk score provided a higher-resolution risk stratification than other models within pathologically defined subgroups. The score could account for extra EFS-related variations that were not captured by clinicopathologic scores. Being validated for RFS prediction under a competing risks modeling framework, the score achieved a significantly higher time-dependent AUC as compared to that of the conventional clinicopathologic variables-based model (0.772 vs. 0.646, p value < 0.001). The higher-risk patients were characterized with transcriptional aberrations of multiple immune-related genes, and a significant depletion of mast cells and natural killer cells.

Conclusions
We developed a novel prognostic risk score with improved prediction accuracy, using clinicopathologic variables, gene expression and mutation profiles as input, for LUAD. Such score was a significant predictor of both EFS and RFS.

Trial registration
This study was based on public open data from TCGA and hence the study objects were retrospectively registered.
A linear-time algorithm that avoids inverses and computes Jackknife (leave-one-out) products like convolutions or other operators in commutative semigroups
Authors: Spouge John L. , Ziegelbauer Joseph M. , Gonzalez Mileidy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundData about herpesvirus microRNA motifs on human circular RNAs suggested the following statistical question. Consider independent random counts, not necessarily identically distributed. Conditioned on the sum, decide whether one of the counts is unusually large. Exact computation of the p-value leads to a specific algorithmic problem. Given$$n$$nelements$$g_{0} ,g_{1} , \ldots ,g_{n - 1}$$g0,g1,…,gn-1in a set$$G$$Gwith the closure and associative properties and a commutative product without inverses, compute the jackknife (leave-one-out) products$$\bar{g}_{j} = g_{0} g_{1} \cdots g_{j - 1} g_{j + 1} \cdots g_{n - 1}$$g¯j=g0g1⋯gj-1gj+1⋯gn-1($$0 \le j < n$$0≤j<n).ResultsThis article gives a linear-time Jackknife Product algorithm. Its upward phase constructs a standard segment tree for computing segment products like$$g_{{\left[ {i,j} \right)}} = g_{i} g_{i + 1} \cdots g_{j - 1}$$gi,j=gigi+1⋯gj-1; its novel downward phase mirrors the upward phase while exploiting the symmetry of$$g_{j}$$gjand its complement$$\bar{g}_{j}$$g¯j. The algorithm requires storage for$$2n$$2nelements of$$G$$Gand only about$$3n$$3nproducts. In contrast, the standard segment tree algorithms require about$$n$$nproducts for construction and$$\log_{2} n$$log2nproducts for calculating each$$\bar{g}_{j}$$g¯j, i.e., about$$n\log_{2} n$$nlog2nproducts in total; and a naïve quadratic algorithm using$$n - 2$$n-2element-by-element products to compute each$$\bar{g}_{j}$$g¯jrequires$$n\left( {n - 2} \right)$$nn-2products.ConclusionsIn the herpesvirus application, the Jackknife Product algorithm required 15 min; standard segment tree algorithms would have taken an estimated 3 h; and the quadratic algorithm, an estimated 1 month. The Jackknife Product algorithm has many possible uses in bioinformatics and statistics.
A novel signature of two long non-coding RNAs in BRCA mutant ovarian cancer to predict prognosis and efficiency of chemotherapy
Authors: Pan Yinglian , Jia Li Ping , Liu Yuzhu , Han Yiyu , Li Qian , Zou Qin , Zhang Zhongpei , Huang Jin , Deng Qingchun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
In this study we aimed to identify a prognostic signature in BRCA1/2 mutations to predict disease progression and the efficiency of chemotherapy ovarian cancer (OV), the second most common cause of death from gynecologic cancer in women worldwide.

Methods
Univariate Cox proportional-hazards and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identifying prognostic factors from data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve was assessed, and the sensitivity and specificity of the prediction model were determined.

Results
A signature consisting of two long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs), Z98885.2 and AC011601.1, was selected as the basis for classifying patients into high and low-risk groups (median survival: 7.2 years vs. 2.3 years). The three-year overall survival (OS) rates for the high- and low-risk group were approximately 38 and 100%, respectively. Chemotherapy treatment survival rates indicated that the high-risk group had significantly lower OS rates with adjuvant chemotherapy than the low-risk group. The one-, three-, and five-year OS were 100, 40, and 15% respectively in the high-risk group. The survival rate of the high-risk group declined rapidly after 2 years of OV chemotherapy treatment. Multivariate Cox regression associated with other traditional clinical factors showed that the 2-lncRNA model could be used as an independent OV prognostic factor. Analyses of data from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) indicated that these signatures are pivotal to cancer development.

Conclusion
In conclusion, Z98885.2 and AC011601.1 comprise a novel prognostic signature for OV patients with BRCA1/2 mutations, and can be used to predict prognosis and the efficiency of chemotherapy.
Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities via n-polynomial exponential-type convexity and their applications
Authors: Butt Saad Ihsan , Kashuri Artion , Tariq Muhammad , Nasir Jamshed , Aslam Adnan , Gao Wei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we give and study the concept of n-polynomial $(s,m)$
(
s
,
m
)
-exponential-type convex functions and some of their algebraic properties. We prove new generalization of Hermite–Hadamard-type inequality for the n-polynomial $(s,m)$
(
s
,
m
)
-exponential-type convex function ψ. We also obtain some refinements of the Hermite–Hadamard inequality for functions whose first derivatives in absolute value at certain power are n-polynomial $(s,m)$
(
s
,
m
)
-exponential-type convex. Some applications to special means and new error estimates for the trapezoid formula are given.
An app-, web- and social support-based weight loss intervention for adults with obesity: the ‘HelpMeDoIt!’ feasibility randomised controlled trial
Authors: Simpson Sharon Anne , Matthews Lynsay , Pugmire Juliana , McConnachie Alex , McIntosh Emma , Coulman Elinor , Hughes Kathryn , Kelson Mark , Morgan-Trimmer Sarah , Murphy Simon , Utkina-Macaskill Olga , Moore Laurence Anthony Russell 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Social support has an important role in successful weight loss. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an app-, web- and social support-based intervention in supporting adults with obesity to achieve weight loss.

Methods
The intervention and evaluation methods were tested in a feasibility randomised controlled trial. Adults in the Greater Glasgow and Clyde Health Board area of Scotland with a body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2 were recruited and randomised 2:1 (intervention to control). The feasibility and acceptability of the intervention and trial methods were assessed against pre-specified progression criteria, via process, economic and outcome evaluation. Three primary outcomes were explored: BMI, diet and physical activity, as well as a number of secondary outcomes. The intervention group had access to the HelpMeDoIt! intervention for 12 months. This encouraged them to (i) set goals, (ii) monitor progress and (iii) harness social support by inviting ‘helpers’ from their existing social network. The control group received a healthy lifestyle leaflet.

Results
One hundred and nine participants were recruited, with 84 participants (77%) followed-up at 12 months. The intervention and trial methods were feasible and acceptable. Participants and helpers were generally positive. Of the 54 (74%) participants who downloaded the app, 48 (89%) used it. Interview data indicated that HelpMeDoIt! promoted social support from existing social networks to support weight loss. This support was often given outside of the app.
Outcomes were compared using linear regression models, with randomised group, the baseline measurement of the outcome, age and gender as predictor variables. These analyses were exploratory and underpowered to detect effects. However, all pre-specified primary outcome effects (BMI, diet and physical activity) had wide confidence intervals and were therefore consistent with clinically relevant benefits. Objective physical activity measures perhaps showed most potential (daily step count (p = 0.098; 1187 steps [− 180, 2555])) and sedentary time (p = 0.022; − 60.8 min [− 110.5, − 11.0]). However, these outcomes were poorly completed.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated that a novel social support intervention involving support from participants’ close social networks, delivered via app and website, has potential to promote weight loss and is feasible and acceptable.

Trial registration
ISRCTN, ISRCTN85615983. Registered 25 September 2014
cGAS/STING: novel perspectives of the classic pathway
Authors: Gao Menghui , He Yuchen , Tang Haosheng , Chen Xiangyu , Liu Shuang , Tao Yongguang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is a cytosolic DNA sensor and innate immune response initiator. Binding with exogenous or endogenous nucleic acids, cGAS activates its downstream adaptor, stimulator of interferon genes (STING). STING then triggers protective immune to enable the elimination of the pathogens and the clearance of cancerous cells. Apparently, aberrantly activated by self-DNA, cGAS/STING pathway is threatening to cause autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The effects of cGAS/STING in defenses against infection and autoimmune diseases have been well studied, still it is worthwhile to discuss the roles of cGAS/STING pathway beyond the “classical” realm of innate immunity. Recent studies have revealed its involvement in non-canonical inflammasome formation, calcium hemostasis regulation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, perception of leaking mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), autophagy induction, cellular senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) production, providing an exciting area for future exploration. Previous studies generally focused on the function of cGAS/STING pathway in cytoplasm and immune response. In this review, we summarize the latest research of this pathway on the regulation of other physiological process and STING independent reactions to DNA in micronuclei and nuclei. Together, these studies provide a new perspective of cGAS/STING pathway in human diseases.
Evaluasi Sistem Pengolah Data Mortalitas Pasien Rawat Inap Berbasis Komputer di RSUD Dr. Moewardi
Authors: Sari Devi Pramita , Sudiro Sudiro , Suryawati Chriswardani 
Published: September 2020

The System processors mortality inpatients there is the problem performance computer. Research objectives, evaluate system processors mortality computer based, based on method of Healt Metricks Networck.This research non experiments with the qualitative method. Collection method used observation system processors mortalitas and in-depth interviews. Informants main the program administrators system as many as six informants.Informants triangulation that is supporting management system processors mortality as much as two informants. The result in components resources not all educated personnel information system or medical record, and there never has been training system processors mortality, there has been no written job description, implementers copies duty with the services provided data morbidity, the lack of space and special computer system ocessors mortality, the absence of written regulations. Components indicators there has been no database doctor ,the act of, and cause of death, and certificates death are printed. A component source of the data was not in accordance between the data on mortalitas manual there are in a register in-patient facilities with data on the computer. Components data management of the data analysis is carried out only by system coordinator processors mortality. Components data products are considered to data was incomplete. The spreading and the use of delivery via email still not yet web based and has not integrated.Advice for the hospital management to distribute and should use designed system processors mortality web-based integrated to the external DKK and Dispendukcapil
Analisis Sistem Program One Student One Client Pendampingan Ibu Hamil oleh Mahasiswa Keperawatan di Kota Semarang
Authors: Musta'in Mukhamad , Nugraheni Sri Achadi , Sujianto Untung 
Published: September 2020

Maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR) are one of the main indicators of a country's health status. MMR in Semarang was increasing since 2013 (107.95 per 100,000 live birth) become (128.05 per 100,000 live birth) in 2015. Various efforts have been made to handle the increase in maternal mortality rate in Semarang, one of them is OSOC program to accompany pregnant women. However, its implementation has not run optimally and encounters several obstacles. The purpose of the research was to analyze the input, process, and output aspects of the One Student One Client Program to accompany pregnant women by Nursing Students in Semarang. This was qualitative research with descriptive explorative approach through in-depth interview and focus of group discussion. The main informants were; Head of Health Section of Central Java Provincial Health Office and triangulation informant; 2 Heads of Public health services and 2 nurses / midwife coordinator, 2 Head of study program, 2 field supervisors, 14 nursing students and 7 pregnant women / postpartum. Data processed and analysed by content analysis method. The result showed that the input aspect: which was human resources, had been sufficient, but insufficient in funds, infrastructure facilities only in the form of modules, the policy had not been written and there was no memorandum of understanding / MoU between the health office and educational institutions.