bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration on hydrological model calibration by considering the hydro-meteorological variability
Authors: Zhao Binru , Mao Jingqiao , Dai Qiang , Han Dawei , Dai Huichao , Rong Guiwen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The hydrological response is changeable for catchments with hydro-meteorological variations, which is neglected by the traditional calibration approach through using time-invariant parameters. This study aims to reproduce the variation of hydrological responses by allowing parameters to vary over clusters with hydro-meteorological similarities. The Fuzzy C-means algorithm is used to partition one-month periods into temperature-based and rainfall-based clusters. One-month periods are also classified based on seasons and random numbers for comparison. This study is carried out in three catchments in the UK, using the IHACRES rainfall-runoff model. Results show when using time-varying parameters to account for the variation of hydrological processes, it is important to identify the key factors that cause the change of hydrological responses, and the selection of the time-varying parameters should correspond to the identified key factors. In the study sites, temperature plays a more important role in controlling the change of hydrological responses than rainfall. It is found that the number of clusters has an effect on model performance, model performances for calibration period become better with the increase of cluster number; however, the increase of model complexity leads to poor predictive capabilities due to overfitting. It is important to select the appropriate number of clusters to achieve a balance between model complexity and model performance.
Pharmacological and Cellular Significance of Triazole-Surrogated Compounds
Authors: Verma Naimish Kumar , Mondal Dhananjoy , Bera Smritilekha 
Published: November 2019

:
Heterocyclic compounds have been at the hierarchy position in academia, and
industrial arena, particularly the compounds containing triazole-core are found to be potent
with a broad range of biological activities. The resistance of triazole ring towards
chemical (acid and base) hydrolysis, oxidative and reductive reaction conditions, metabolic
degradation and its higher aromatic stabilization energy makes it a better heterocyclic
core as therapeutic agents. These triazole-linked compounds are used for clinical purposes
for antifungal, anti-mycobacterium, anticancer, anti-migraine and antidepressant
drugs. Triazole scaffolds are also found to act as a spacer for the sake of covalent attachment
of the high molecular weight bio-macromolecules with an experimental building
blocks to explore structure-function relationships. Herein, several methods and strategies
for the synthesis of compounds with 1,2,3-triazole moiety exploring Hüisgen, Meldal and Sharpless 1,3-dipolar
cycloaddition reaction between azide and alkyne derivatives have been deliberated for a series of representative
compounds. Moreover, this review article highlights in-depth applications of the [3+2]-cycloaddition reaction
for the advances of triazole-containing antibacterial as well as metabolic labelling agents for the in vitro and in
vivo studies on cellular level.
Recent Advances in the Hofmann Rearrangement and Its Application to Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Debnath Pradip 
Published: November 2019

:
C-N bond formation reactions are the most important transformations in
(bio)organic chemistry because of the widespread occurrence of amines in pharmaceuticals,
natural products, and biologically active compounds. The Hofmann rearrangement is
a well-known method used for the preparation of primary amines from amides. But, the
traditional version of the Hofmann rearrangement often gave relatively poor yields due to
over-oxidation or due to the poor solubility of some amides in aqueous base, and created
an enormous amount of waste products. Developments over the last two decades, in particular,
have focused on refining both of these factors affecting the reaction. This review
covers both the description of recent advances (2000-2019) in the Hofmann
rearrangements and its applications in the synthesis of heterocycles, natural products and
complex molecules of biological interest. It is revealed that organo-catalytic systems especially hypervalent
iodine-based catalysts have been developed for the green and environmentally friendly conversion of
carboxamides to primary amines and carbamates.
Identification of New Enterococcus faecalis Peptide Deformylase Inhibitors
Authors: Merzoug Amina , Chikhi Abdelouahab , Bensegueni Abderrahmane , Boucherit Hanane , Hadef Sawsen 
Published: November 2019

Aim and Objective:
The antibacterial therapy resistance poses an urgent threat to the public’s
health. Peptide deformylase is a favorable target to identify new antibiotics with novel mechanism
of action.

Materials and Methods:
In order to discovery new potent inhibitors of this enzyme, the virtual
screening method of Zinc database using the binding site of Enterococcus faecalis peptide deformylase
combined with microbiological assay were realized.

Results:
The strategy undertaken in this study allowed us to identify new products with growth inhibition
activity. The best result was obtained for the chemicals 4-(1,3-dioxo-1Hbenzo[de]isoquinolin-
2(3H)-yl)-N-hydroxybutanamide and N-hydroxy-2-(3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzothiazin-2-yl)
acetamide, they showed good affinities and great antibacterial activities compared to the other studied
products.

Conclusion:
The two most promising compounds can serve as potential antibacterial agents.
Comparing Intradermal Sterile Water with Intravenous Morphine in Reducing Pain in Patients with Renal Colic: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Mozafari Javad , Verki Mohammadreza Maleki , Tirandaz Fatemeh , Mahjouri Reza 
Published: November 2019

Objective:The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of intradermal administration of sterile water compared to intravenous morphine on patients with renal colic.Methods:This double-blind, randomized clinical trial study was conducted in 2017 to compare the therapeutic effects of intradermal sterile water with those of intravenous morphine on patients with renal colic presenting to the emergency departments (ED) of Imam Khomeini and Golestan Hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran. The first group received 0.5 ml of intradermal sterile water, and the second group 0.1mg/kg of intravenous morphine plus 0.5 ml of intradermal sterile water in the most painful area or the center of the painful area in the flank. The pain severity was measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS), and the medication side-effects were recorded at the beginning of the study and minutes 15, 30,45 and 60.Result:A total of 94 patients were studied in two groups. The mean severity of pain was 2.97 ± 1.51 in the sterile water group and 2.34 ± 1.89 in the morphine group at minute 30 (P=0.042), 2.58 ± 1.43 in the sterile water group and 1 ± 1.23 in the morphine group at minute 45 (p<0.001), and 1.89 ± 1.7 in the sterile water group and 0.52 ± 0.79 in the morphine group at minute 60 (p<0.001).Conclusion:Morphine reduces pain faster and more effectively than intradermal sterile water; nevertheless, treatment with intradermal sterile water can be used as an appropriate surrogate or adjunct therapy for pain control, particularly in special patients or in case of medication scarcity.
Highly Concentrated Multifunctional Silver Nanoparticle Fabrication through Green Reduction of Silver Ions in Terms of Mechanics and Therapeutic Potentials
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad A. , Biparva Pourya , Mohammadi Hamidreza , Tavakoli Shirin , Rafiei Alireza , Kardan Mostafa , Badali Hamid , Eslami Shahram 
Published: November 2019

Background:Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is limited to produce AgNPs with only relatively low concentrations, and is unsuitable for large-scale productions. The use of Myrtus communis (MC) leaf methanolic extract (rich in hydrolyzable tannins) has been recommended to resolve the issues related to the aggregation of nanoparticles at high concentrations of silver ions with added facet of antioxidant properties.Methods:The produced highly concentrated MC-AgNPs were characterized by using imaging and spectroscopic methods. Subsequently, antioxidant, anticancer and antifungal activities of the nanoparticles were evaluated.Results:The thermogravimetric analysis and energy dispersive spectroscopy quantitative results suggested that the nanoparticles are biphasic in nature (bio-molecule + Ag0) and layered in structure, suggesting the formation of nanoparticles through a different mechanism than those described in the literature. MC-AgNPs showed greater scavenging activity of nitric oxide and iron (II) chelating ability than the extract. It also showed good reducing power compared to the standard antioxidant. Remarkable anticancer activity of MC-AgNPs (IC50 = 5.99µg/mL) was found against HCT-116 (human colon carcinoma) cell lines after 24h exposure with a therapeutic index value 2-fold higher than the therapeutic index of standard doxorubicin. Furthermore, distinct antifungal activity (MIC = 4µg/mL) was found against Candida krusei.Conclusion:The current method outperforms the existing methods because it produces a large amount of multifunctional nanoscale hybrid materials more efficiently using natural sources; thus, it may be used for diverse biomedical applications.
The Antitumor Activity of a Novel Fluorobenzamidine against Dimethylhydrazine- Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats
Authors: Abdel-Rasol Mohammed , El-Beih Nadia M. , Yahya Shaymaa M.M. , Ismail Mohamed A. , El-Sayed Wael M. 
Published: November 2019

Background:Colorectal cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide. The incidence of deaths is expected to be 11.4 million in 2030.Objective:We aimed to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant and antitumor activities of a novel Bithiophene- Fluorobenzamidine (BFB) against DMH-induced colorectal cancer in rats.Methods:The antiproliferative activity of BFB against HCT-116 colon cancer cells and apoptotic genes was assessed. In vivo study was also conducted in which 80 adult male rats were divided into 5 groups; control, BFB, and the other 3 groups were injected with DMH (20mg/kg, s.c., for 9 weeks). Group 4 was injected with 5 doses of cisplatin (2.5mg/kg, i.p over 21 weeks) and group 5 was injected with 3 doses/week of BFB (2.5mg/kg, i.p, for 21 weeks).Results:BFB exhibited weak to moderate in vitro antioxidant activity. It had a strong antiproliferative activity with IC50 ~0.3µg/ml. BFB induced extrinsic apoptosis through the upregulation of FasL, TRAL, p53 and caspase-8, and intrinsic apoptosis through the downregulation of Bcl-2 and survivin. BFB decreased the tumor incidence, multiplicity and size and improved the decreased body weight. BFB also ameliorated the functions of kidney and liver and antioxidants deteriorated by DMH. BFB significantly improved the pathological changes caused by DMH in colon tissues.Conclusion:BFB showed a very promising antitumor activity against colorectal cancer induced by DMH in rats without causing hepato- or nephrotoxicity.
Combined Ischemic Preconditioning and Resveratrol Improved Bloodbrain Barrier Breakdown via Hippo/YAP/TAZ Signaling Pathway
Authors: Hong Ganji , Yan Ying , Zhong Yali , Chen Jianer , Tong Fei , Ma Qilin 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Transient Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) is the main reason for brain injury and
results in disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). It had been reported that BBB injury is one of
the main risk factors for early death in patients with cerebral ischemia. Numerous investigations focus
on the study of BBB injury which have been carried out.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate the treatment function of the activation of the
Hippo/Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) signaling pathway by combined Ischemic Preconditioning (IPC)
and resveratrol (RES) before brain Ischemia/Reperfusion (BI/R) improves Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB)
disruption in rats.

Methods:
Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were pretreated with 20 mg/kg RES and IPC and then subjected
to 2 h of ischemia and 22 h of reperfusion. The cerebral tissues were collected; the cerebral infarct
volume was determined; the Evans Blue (EB) level, the brain Water Content (BWC), and apoptosis
were assessed; and the expressions of YAP and TAZ were investigated in cerebral tissues.

Results:
Both IPC and RES preconditioning reduced the cerebral infarct size, improved BBB permeability,
lessened apoptosis, and upregulated expressions of YAP and transcriptional co-activator with
PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) compared to the Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) group, while combined IPC
and RES significantly enhanced this action.

Conclusion:
combined ischemic preconditioning and resveratrol improved blood-brain barrier breakdown
via Hippo/YAP/TAZ signaling pathway.
The Potential of Serratiopetidase and Lumbrokinase for the Degradation of Prion Peptide 106-126 - an In Vitro and In Silico Perspective
Authors: Metkar Sanjay Kisan , Ghosh Suparna , Girigoswami Agnishwar , Girigoswami Koyeli 
Published: November 2019

Background:
PrPC is a host-encoded prion protein, which gets post translationally modified
into a transmissible, β-sheet rich disease associated protein called PrPSc, responsible for the Prion disease
including mad cow disease in cattle and CJD in humans. The PrP 106-126 region in PrPSc peptide
initiates the conformational change in that protein leading to fibrillation. Any agent that can destabilize
or disintegrate such proteins can be served as a potential drug candidate for Prion diseases.

Methods:
In the present study, an enzyme Lumbrokinase (LK) was isolated from earthworm and its
activity was exploited towards PrP 106-126 amyloids in vitro along with another enzyme Serratiopeptidase
(SP) taking Nattokinase (NK) as a standard.

Results:
The results showed that PrP 106-126 amyloid formation was inhibited by both LK and SP, as
evidenced from Thioflavin T fluorescence assay. Further, the size of fibrils as estimated by dynamic
light scattering, was also found to be lower at different time intervals after incubation of the prion amyloids
with LK and SP. Additionally, the molecular dynamics simulation revealed the thermodynamically
favorable interaction of PrP 106-126 with LK as well as with SP with high affinity.

Conclusion:
Finally, the toxicity of the disintegrated amyloids was assessed using PC12 cell lines
which showed higher cell viability in case of LK and SP treated amyloids compared to only PrP 106-
126 amyloid treatment. Altogether, the study concluded that the serine proteases like LK and SP have
the potential to disintegrate PrP 106-126 amyloids with improved cell viability. The in vivo studies are
needed to be executed in future.
Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Responses of Multistory Structures Equipped with Tuned Liquid Dampers Considering Fluid-Structure Interactions
Authors: Tuong Bui Pham Duc , Huynh Phan Duc , Bui Tan-Trung , Sarhosis Vasilis 
Published: November 2019

Aims:The paper analyzes the effectiveness of tuned liquid damper in controlling the vibration of high rise building. The new contribution is considering the fluid-structure interaction of a water tank as a Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLD).Background:Currently, buildings are being built higher and higher, which requires TLDs to be larger as well. Therefore, the fluid pressure acting on the tank wall is more significant. In previous studies of liquid sloshing in TLDs, researchers simply ignored the effect of liquid pressure acting on the tank walls by making the assumption that the tanks are rigid. Currently, the failure of a tank because of FSI occurs regularly, so this phenomenon cannot be ignored when designing the tanks in general and TLDs in particular.Objective:To investigate the thickness of the tank wall affect to the TLD mechanism.Method:Numerical method was used for this research.Results:A TLD could be easy to design; however one could not bypass the fluid-structure interaction by assuming the tank wall is rigid.Conclusion:This kind of damper is very good to mitigate the dynamic response of structrure.
Detection of Ventricular Arrhythmias using HRV Analysis and Quadratic Features
Authors: Gautam Desh D. , Giri Vinod K. , Upadhyay Krishn G. 
Published: November 2019

Background :
Ventricular Arrhythmias, one of the fatal heart diseases, requires timely
recognition. The nonlinear and random nature of heart rate makes the diagnosis challenging.

Introduction:
The research work in this paper is divided into three phases. In the first phase, classification
of some of the ventricular arrhythmias is done in four classes as Premature Ventricular Contraction
(PVC), Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) and Right Bundle Branch Block (RBBB) with
some Normal (N) samples and the analysis of classifying algorithms to improve the classifiers accuracy.
A Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and K
Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithms were used to train and test the classifier, with the help of online
available MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database. Then, in the second phase, the variance analysis of the
data is carried out using Principle Component Analysis (PCA) to improve the classifier performance.
In the last phase, the whole process is repeated after including Quadratic features with the
best performing classifier only.

Methods:
Signal processing, generation of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) signals from the available
Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals and training, testing of ANN classifier was done in MATLAB
environment, and the training and testing of SVM, and Random Forest classifier was done in R project
software.

Results:
Random Forest shows the best result among all classifiers with 86.11% accuracy, 87.1% after
applying PCA with top 16 features, and 91.4% after including quadratic features with top 28 features.

Conclusion:
The present study envisages helping ECG and HRV data analyses while selecting the
AI techniques for classification purposes according to data.
Refugee Youth and Transition to Further Education, Training, and Employment in Australia: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Ziaian Tahereh , Miller Emily , de Anstiss Helena , Puvimanasinghe Teresa , Dollard Maureen , Esterman Adrian , Barrie Helen , Stewart-Jones Tamara 
Published: November 2019

Background
Young people with refugee experiences are widely acknowledged as encountering multiple disadvantages that affect their school completion and retention, university entry, and subsequent employment. This paper discusses the rationale for and protocol of a mixed methods investigation focusing on improving education and employment outcomes among refugee background youth aged 15 to 24 years from three focus regions: the Middle East (Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria), South Asia (Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar/Burma, Pakistan) and Africa (Sudan, South Sudan, Liberia, Ethiopia, Somalia, DR Congo).

Objective
The rationale of the project is to identify the facilitators and barriers to successful transition from school to further education and employment; investigate participant awareness of support systems available when faced with education and employment difficulties; redress the disadvantages encountered by refugee background youth; and bridge the gap between research, policy, and practice in relation to social inclusion and participation.

Methods
The study involves collecting survey data from 600 youth followed by individual interviews with a subset of 60 youth, their parents/primary caregivers, and their teachers. A cross-sectional survey will assess facilitators and barriers to successful transition from school to further education and employment. Individual interviews will provide context-rich data on key issues relevant to education and employment outcomes.

Results
The study began in 2016 and is due for completion by the end of 2019. The quantitative survey has been conducted with 635 participants and was closed in March 2019. The qualitative interview stage is ongoing, and the current total in April 2019 is 93 participants including educators, youth, and family members of the youth. Analysis and presentation of results will be available in 2020. Some preliminary findings will be available during the late half of 2019.

Conclusions
This project will contribute new and unique insights to knowledge in relation to key factors influencing education and employment outcomes among refugee youth. This research will enable effective planning for the needs of some of Australia’s most disadvantaged and marginalized young people, leading to a sustainable improvement in the education and employability of young refugees.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/12632
Predictors of Retention in an Adult Text Messaging Smoking Cessation Intervention Program: Cohort Study
Authors: Wiseman Kara P , Coa Kisha I , Prutzman Yvonne M 
Published: November 2019

Background
Mobile health tools such as text messaging programs can support smoking cessation. However, high rates of disengagement from these tools decrease their effectiveness.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to identify user characteristics associated with retention in an adult text messaging smoking cessation intervention.

Methods
Adults initiating a quit attempt using the publicly available program SmokefreeTXT between March 6 and June 21, 2016 (n=6215), were included. Data were collected to assess nicotine dependence, frequency of being around other smokers, time of the day for cigarette cravings, extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to quit smoking, confidence in quitting, and long-term intention to be smoke free. Multivariable survival analysis modeling for time to opt out was conducted to identify characteristics associated with opting out over the course of the intervention, adjusting for age, sex, and smoking frequency, reset of the quit date by the user, and the number of days enrolled before initiating the quit attempt. Among those who opted out, multivariable multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of opting out early (within 3 days and between 4 and 7 days into the quit attempt) compared to opting out late (more than 7 days into the quit attempt), adjusting for the same confounders.

Results
Survival analyses indicated that younger age, female sex, higher levels of nicotine dependence, lower intention to be smoke free, and enrolling in SmokefreeTXT ≤1 week before initiating the quit attempt were associated with an increased risk of opting out. For example, users who smoked within 5 minutes of waking up were 1.17 times more likely to opt out than those who smoked more than 5 minutes after waking up (95% CI 1.01-1.35). Among users who opted out from SmokefreeTXT, logistic regression modeling indicated that compared to users who were never or rarely around other smokers, those who were sometimes around other smokers had 1.96 times more likely to opt out within the first 3 days of the quit attempt (95% CI 1.18-3.25). In addition, compared to users with high levels of long-term quit intention, users with lower levels of intention had 1.80 times the odds of opting out between 4 and 7 days into the quit attempt (95% CI 1.02-3.18). Users who reset their quit date after initiating a quit attempt were less likely to opt out at either time point compared with those who did not reset their quit date.

Conclusions
Several user characteristics are associated with retention in an adult text messaging smoking cessation program. These results provide guidance on potential characteristics that should be addressed in future text messaging smoking cessation programs. Providing additional support to users with these characteristics may increase retention in text messaging programs and ultimately lead to smoking cessation.