bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Significantly Neutral Intergalactic Medium Around the Luminous z = 7 Quasar J0252–0503
Authors: Wang Feige , Davies Frederick B. , Yang Jinyi , Hennawi Joseph F. , Fan Xiaohui , Barth Aaron J. , Jiang Linhua , Wu Xue-Bing , Mudd Dale M. , Bañados Eduardo , Bian Fuyan , Decarli Roberto , Eilers Anna-Christina , Farina Emanuele Paolo , Venemans Bram , Walter Fabian , Yue Minghao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Luminous z ≥ 7 quasars provide direct probes of the evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the epoch of reionization (EoR). The Lyα damping wing absorption imprinted by neutral hydrogen in the IGM can be detected in a single EoR quasar spectrum, allowing the measurement of the IGM neutral fraction toward that line of sight. However, damping wing features have only been detected in two z > 7 quasars in previous studies. In this paper, we present new high-quality optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of the z = 7.00 quasar DES J025216.64–050331.8 obtained with Keck/Near-Infrared Echellette Spectrometer and Gemini/GMOS. By using the Mg ii single-epoch virial method, we find that it hosts a

SMBH accreting at an Eddington ratio of λ
Edd = 0.7 ± 0.1, consistent with the values seen in other luminous z ∼ 7 quasars. Furthermore, the Lyα region of the spectrum exhibits a strong damping wing absorption feature. The lack of associated metal absorption in the quasar spectrum indicates that this absorption is imprinted by a neutral IGM. Using a state-of-the-art model developed by Davies et al., we measure a volume-averaged neutral hydrogen fraction at z = 7 of

within 68% (95%) confidence intervals when marginalizing over quasar lifetimes of

. This is the highest IGM neutral fraction yet measured using reionization-era quasar spectra.
Excitation of Negative Energy Surface Magnetohydrodynamic Waves in an Incompressible Cylindrical Plasma
Authors: Yu D. J. , Nakariakov V. M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Negative energy wave (NEW) phenomena may appear in shear flows in the presence of a wave decay mechanism and external energy supply. We study the appearance of negative energy surface waves in a plasma cylinder in the incompressible limit. The cylinder is surrounded by an axial magnetic field and by a plasma of different density. Considering flow inside and viscosity outside the flux tube, we derive dispersion relations and obtain analytical solutions for the phase speed and growth rate (increment) of the waves. It is found that the critical speed shear for the occurrence of the dissipative instability associated with NEWs and the threshold of Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) depend on the axial wavelength. The critical shear for the appearance of sausage NEW is lowest for the longest axial wavelengths, while for kink waves the minimum value of the critical shear is reached for the axial wavelength comparable to the diameter of the cylinder. The range between the critical speed of the dissipative instability and the KHI threshold is shown to depend on the difference of the Alfvén speeds inside and outside of the cylinder. For all axial wavenumbers, NEW appears for the shear flow speeds lower than the KHI threshold. It is easier to excite NEW in an underdense cylinder than in an overdense one. The negative energy surface waves can be effectively generated for an azimuthal number m = 0 with a large axial wavenumber and for higher modes (m > 0) with a small axial wavenumber.
The Age Dependence of Mid-infrared Emission around Young Star Clusters
Authors: Lin Zesen , Calzetti Daniela , Kong Xu , Adamo A. , Cignoni M. , Cook D. O. , Dale D. A. , Grasha K. , Grebel E. K. , Messa M. , Sacchi E. , Smith L. J. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Using the star cluster catalogs from the Hubble Space Telescope program Legacy Extragalactic UV survey (LEGUS) and 8 μm images from the IRAC camera on the Spitzer Space Telescope for five galaxies within 5 Mpc, we investigate how the 8 μm dust luminosity correlates with the stellar age on the 30–50 pc scale of star-forming regions. We construct a sample of 97 regions centered at local peaks of 8 μm emission, each containing one or more young star cluster candidates from the LEGUS catalogs. We find a tight anticorrelation with a Pearson correlation coefficient of r = −0.84 ± 0.05 between the mass-normalized dust-only 8 μm luminosity and the age of stellar clusters younger than 1 Gyr; the 8 μm luminosity decreases with increasing age of the stellar population. Simple assumptions on a combination of stellar and dust emission models reproduce the observed trend. We also explore how the scatter of the observed trend depends on assumptions of stellar metallicity, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) abundance, fraction of stellar light absorbed by dust, and instantaneous versus continuous star formation models. We find that variations in stellar metallicity have little effect on the scatter, while PAH abundance and the fraction of dust-absorbed light bracket the full range of the data. We also find that the trend is better explained by continuous star formation, rather than instantaneous burst models. We ascribe this result to the presence of multiple star clusters with different ages in many of the regions. Upper limits of the dust-only 8 μm emission as a function of age are provided.
Recovering Age–Metallicity Distributions from Integrated Spectra: Validation with MUSE Data of a Nearby Nuclear Star Cluster
Authors: Boecker Alina , Alfaro-Cuello Mayte , Neumayer Nadine , Martín-Navarro Ignacio , Leaman Ryan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Current instruments and spectral analysis programs are now able to decompose the integrated spectrum of a stellar system into distributions of ages and metallicities. The reliability of these methods has rarely been tested on nearby systems with resolved stellar ages and metallicities. Here we derive the age–metallicity distribution of M54, the nucleus of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy, from its integrated Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) spectrum. We find a dominant old (8–14 Gyr), metal-poor (−1.5 dex) component and a young (1 Gyr), metal-rich (+0.25 dex) component—consistent with the complex stellar populations measured from individual stars in the same MUSE data set. There is excellent agreement between the (mass-weighted) average age and metallicity of the resolved and integrated analyses. Differences are only 3% in age and 0.2 dex metallicity. By co-adding individual stars to create M54's integrated spectrum, we show that the recovered age–metallicity distribution is insensitive to the magnitude limit of the stars or the contribution of blue horizontal branch stars—even when including additional blue wavelength coverage from the WiFeS Atlas of Galactic Globular cluster Spectra survey. However, we find that the brightest stars can induce the spurious recovery of an old (>8 Gyr), metal-rich (+0.25 dex) stellar population, which is otherwise not expected from our understanding of chemical enrichment in M54. The overall derived stellar mass-to-light ratio of M54 is M/L
V = 1.46 with a scatter of 0.22 across the field of view, which we attribute to the stochastic contribution of a young, metal-rich component. These findings provide strong evidence that complex stellar population distributions can be reliably recovered from integrated spectra of extragalactic systems.
GW190412 as a Third-generation Black Hole Merger from a Super Star Cluster
Authors: Rodriguez Carl L. , Kremer Kyle , Grudić Michael Y. , Hafen Zachary , Chatterjee Sourav , Fragione Giacomo , Lamberts Astrid , Martinez Miguel A. S. , Rasio Frederic A. , Weatherford Newlin , Ye Claire S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We explore the possibility that GW190412, a binary black hole merger with a non-equal-mass ratio and significantly spinning primary, was formed through repeated black hole mergers in a dense super star cluster. Using a combination of semianalytic prescriptions for the remnant spin and recoil kick of black hole mergers, we show that the mass ratio and spin of GW190412 are consistent with a binary black hole whose primary component has undergone two successive mergers from a population of

black holes in a high-metallicity environment. We then explore the production of GW190412-like analogs in the CMC Cluster Catalog, a grid of 148 N-body star cluster models, as well as a new model, behemoth, with nearly 107 particles and initial conditions taken from a cosmological MHD simulation of galaxy formation. We show that, if the spins of black holes born from stars are small, the production of binaries with GW190412-like masses and spins is dominated by massive super star clusters with high metallicities and large central escape speeds. While many are observed in the local universe, our results suggest that a careful treatment of these massive clusters, many of which may have been disrupted before the present day, is necessary to characterize the production of unique gravitational-wave events produced through dynamics.
On the Lorentz Force and Torque of Solar Photospheric Emerging Magnetic Fields
Authors: Duan Aiying , Jiang Chaowei , Toriumi Shin , Syntelis Petros 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Magnetic flux generated and intensified by the solar dynamo emerges into the solar atmosphere, forming active regions (ARs) including sunspots. Existing theories of flux emergence suggest that the magnetic flux can rise buoyantly through the convection zone but is trapped at the photosphere, while its further rising into the atmosphere resorts to the Parker buoyancy instability. To trigger such an instability, the Lorentz force in the photosphere needs to be as large as the gas pressure gradient to hold up an extra amount of mass against gravity. This naturally results in a strongly non-force-free photosphere, which is indeed shown in typical idealized numerical simulations of flux tube buoyancy from below the photosphere into the corona. Here we conduct a statistical study of the extents of normalized Lorentz forces and torques in the emerging photospheric magnetic field with a substantially large sample of Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager vector magnetograms. We found that the photospheric field has a rather small Lorentz force and torque on average, and thus is very close to a force-free state, which is not consistent with theories as well as idealized simulations of flux emergence. Furthermore, the small extents of forces and torques seem not to be influenced by the emerging AR’s size, the emergence rate, or the nonpotentiality of the field. This result puts an important constraint on future development of theories and simulations of flux emergence.
PSR J2030+4415’s Remarkable Bow Shock, PWN, and Filament
Authors: Vries Martijn de , Romani Roger W. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We report on new X-ray and optical observations of PSR J2030+4415, a gamma-ray pulsar with an Hα bow shock. These data reveal the velocity structure of the bow shock apex and resolve unusual X-ray structure in its interior. In addition the system displays a very long, thin filament, extending at least 5′ at ∼130° to the pulsar motion vector. Careful astrometry, compared with a short archival exposure, detects the pulsar proper motion at 85 mas yr−1. With the Hα velocity structure this allows us to estimate the distance as 0.75 kpc.
Cyanobacteria from freshwater lakes in the Azores archipelago, Portugal: data from long term phytoplankton monitoring
Authors: Luz Rúben , Cordeiro Rita , Vilaverde Joana , Raposeiro Pedro , Fonseca Amélia , Gonçalves Vítor 
Published: June 2020

The Azores are oceanic islands located in the Northern Atlantic Ocean and are particularly rich in aquatic systems, ranging from freshwater, brackish, marine and thermal habitats. Due to the increase in local anthropogenic pressures and global warming, several azorean lakes began to reveal signs of eutrophication that led to the implementation of monitoring programmes and management strategies on the most impacted lakes. Later, the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) demanded the establishment of biomonitoring programmes for European freshwater ecosystems and the limited Azorean monitoring programmes were extended to a larger set of lakes. Since the establishment of the aquatic systems monitoring programme in the Azores archipelago, lakes have been regularly sampled, producing innumerous unpublished records of cyanobacteria that are difficult to access.
Here we present the occurrences of cyanobacteria in Azorean lakes that result from 22 years of phytoplankton monitoring in a total of 1948 cyanobacteria occurrences from 968 phytoplankton sampling events on Azorean lakes done between 1996 and 2018 as part of regional inland aquatic ecosystems monitoring programmes. Forty two cyanobacteria taxa were identified in those events, 28 species and 14 at genus level. This information is crucial for conservation, biodiversity studies and lake management, as some of the cyanobacteria species present are bloom-forming and have the ability to produce toxins. This will also allow for the identification of invasive species and possible targeted control and mitigation programmes, according to the species present in the Azorean lakes.
Avec Elena Ferrante, une illustration de la théorie de la sexualité féminine selon Melanie Klein
Authors: de Gandt-Gauliard Françoise 
Published: June 2020

Le roman d’Elena Ferrante Les jours de mon abandon met en scène le désarroi d’une femme abandonnée. Trois thèmes font écho aux travaux de Melanie Klein sur la sexualité féminine : le masochisme féminin ; l’incidence des relations mère-fille et les imagos maternelles angoissantes ; la satisfaction sexuelle et le besoin compulsif d’excitation sexuelle.
Portrait d’une femme en jeune homme
Authors: Roques Gaichies Sylvie 
Published: June 2020

L’auteur écoute à la porte de la scène primitive ce qui a pu se jouer avant l’Œdipe. Notamment l’impact de la rencontre de l’imago maternelle archaïque sur l’expression de la féminité. Elle émet l’hypothèse qu’une sublimation précoce « dès le début » est une des conditions d’accès au féminin, tel un moment-mouvement d’ouverture vers le sublime. Ce « sublime » serait aussi au cœur de la rencontre analytique, au cœur du transfert. N’est-ce pas à travers le sublime que dialoguent sublimation et symbolisation et que s’opère un mouvement de penser qui passe par les entrelacs de la psyché et du corps jusqu’à l’esthétique ?
Héloïse, ou le non-ensevelissement du corps
Authors: Guillaumard Françoise 
Published: June 2020

Dans sa correspondance avec Abélard, Héloïse fait entendre le chemin parcouru pour se déprendre du ravissement amoureux. Elle déploie les nuances de la passion et du renoncement. Se heurtant à une impossible effusion sentimentale, cette moniale du xii e siècle conduit Abélard vers un dialogue dépassionné. Son appartenance à la communauté des religieuses invite Héloïse à œuvrer avec inventivité à une nécessaire reconnaissance du féminin, engageant sa subjectivité vers une incarnation.
Le Front national, une affaire de famille
Authors: Lévêque Christophe , Cavallaro Matteo 
Published: June 2020

Nous interrogeons les modalités de recrutement des candidat.e.s aux élections municipales en mettant l’accent sur le cas du Front national (FN) en 2014. La présence de nombreux individus avec les mêmes patronymes au sein des listes du FN semble indiquer un recours massif aux réseaux familiaux des candidat.e.s afin de les compléter. Nous expliquons cette observation en considérant les difficultés organisationnelles des listes du FN. Nos analyses confirment nos hypothèses sans toutefois exclure deux explications supplémentaires : un effet stigmate pénalisant le recrutement de candidats et une préférence des candidats du FN pour concourir en famille. Nos analyses nous font pencher pour la première explication.
La formation à l’heure du démantèlement de l’action sociale
Authors: Chauvière Michel , Garrigue Gabrielle 
Published: June 2020

L’article analyse les enjeux de la formation des professionnels du travail social dans le contexte de mutation sans fin que nous traversons. Il expose les raisons, les étapes et les conséquences du passage de la qualification collective à la compétence individuelle. Il décrit la bipolarisation des fonctions et l’éclatement des titres, comme conséquences de l’absence de doctrine pour l’action sociale et le travail social depuis des décennies. Il défend enfin la nécessité de consolider plus que jamais une formation initiale substantielle contre le grossissement des formations continues adaptatives, au nom de l’employabilité. La formation à un métier du travail social va bien au-delà des référentiels imposés : elle doit rester porteuse d’émancipation et toujours participer d’un projet de société.
Du signifiant « vivant » dans les institutions
Authors: Sy Hamdou 
Published: June 2020

Penser le signifiant « vivant » dans les institutions permet de redonner tout son intérêt à la puissance créatrice de l’instituant. Il est question de ne pas se résigner aux pesanteurs du quotidien en institution quand l’institué prend toute la place et confie l’institution à un rôle de contrôle et de surveillance. De l’instituant comme logique du vivant et d’innovation, pour que le sens soit tenu comme ce qui permet de promouvoir le désir de l’instauration du collectif par l’agir produisant du collectif.
La Dame du placard
Authors: Berton Jacques 
Published: June 2020

L’objet de cet article vise à montrer combien le support de l’image photographique peut aider dans la démarche biographique souvent présente dans l’accompagnement en milieu ouvert. L’hypothèse ici est de développer une méthodologie pour que les recueils d’histoires ne soient plus seulement des bouts, des miettes, mais se constituent petit à petit dans une histoire plus large (familiale, sociale). La posture clinique adoptée, spécifique aux « récits de vie », s’inscrit dans la tentation que chacun a de comprendre sa vie, d’en trouver le fil conducteur, pour « mettre en intrigue » des événements sélectionnés.
Réfugié, quelle dimension subjective ?
Authors: Noisier Vithalie 
Published: June 2020

Les demandeurs d’asile, dès lors qu’ils obtiennent la protection de l’État, rentrent dans le droit commun. Ce temps de « l’après-régularisation » marque pour tout exilé le début d’un processus d’intégration sur le territoire national. Or, c’est à ce point de bascule que la personne se fissure. Le pays de « l’entre-deux » est celui où se retrouve l’exilé, entre son pays d’origine qui l’a contraint à fuir et le pays d’accueil dans lequel le sentiment d’appartenance est laborieux. Dans quelles conditions l’octroi de ce statut met-il fin à l’exil, le prolonge-t-il ou fait-il émerger d’autres problématiques ?
Cinquante ans après : le pastel de Gilles Caster et sa postérité
Authors: Brumont Francis 
Published: June 2020

La parution en 1962 de la thèse de Gilles Caster consacrée en partie au pastel a marqué un tournant dans l’histoire de ce produit. Ce n’est qu’après quelques décennies que les études reprirent apportant de nombreuses précisions et quelques rectifications aux conclusions de Gilles Caster. Les plus importantes concernent la chronologie qui a pu être revue, à partir des données provenant des pays consommateurs alors que G. Caster n’avait travaillé qu’à partir de documents toulousains. Ces études montrent que les diverses étapes de la commercialisation du pastel ont commencé plus tôt que ne le croyait G. Caster. Par ailleurs, les études ont porté sur des points qu’il n’avait pas pu envisager, comme la comptabilité des entreprises ou l’étude sociale des marchands pasteliers.
Les Pastoureaux dans les Histoires de Toulouse
Authors: Passerat Georges 
Published: June 2020

Le dimanche 15 juin 1320 fut une journée sanglante dans l’histoire de Toulouse. Ce jour-là, les Pastoureaux envahissent le quartier juif et tuent 115 personnes. Les historiens de Toulouse, depuis le dominicain Bernard Gui, contemporain des faits, jusqu’à la toute récente Histoire illustrée de Toulouse, parlent plus ou moins de ces événements. Un inventaire détaillé de l’épisode des Pastoureaux, tel qu’il est relaté dans les différentes Histoires de Toulouse, réserve bien des surprises ! Du silence poli à la vague allusion, les ouvrages d’histoire vont parfois jusqu’à enjoliver leur récit en ajoutant de la confusion et en brodant sur le sort malheureux des Juifs.
Metodologia clinica oggi nel paziente internistico complesso
Authors: Nardi Guest Editors: R. , Gnerre P. , Fontanella A. , Manfellotto D. 
Published: June 2020

Introduzione alla letturaA. Fontanella, P. Gnerre

Il metodo clinico classico della tradizione italianaI. Portioli
Modelli di ragionamento clinico e strumenti utilizzati nella pratica clinica in ambito internistico ai fini decisionaliP. Gnerre, R. Nardi
I difetti del ragionamento clinico come causa di errori diagnosticiM. La Regina, F. Orlandini
Metodologia clinica e EBM: vantaggi e limiti nel mondo reale dei pazienti complessi - Il mondo realeT.M. Attardo
Metodologia clinica e EBM: vantaggi e limiti nel mondo reale dei pazienti complessi - Trappole e possibili biasM. Cavalleri
Significatività statistica e rilevanza clinicaD. Tirotta
Dalla medicina personalizzata alla medicina di precisioneG. Gensini, N. Scarpa
Una possibile alternativa alle decisioni: il metodo Clinical Multi-criteria Decision Assessment (CMDA)O. Para
Il metodo clinico in condizioni di incertezza: errori, vincoli, esperienza, buon senso e le opinioni del pazienteM.L. Cipollini, E. Romboli
Meta-cognizione e capacità di decision makingF. Gilioli
Complessità, caos e ragionamento clinicoF. Tangianu, S. Corrao, A. Mazzone, P. Gnerre, G. Scanelli, M. Gambacorta, D. Tirotta, A. Fontanella, M. Adamo, R. Nardi
Competenza e metodologia in Medicina Interna: quali strumenti di valutazione delle capacità di ragionamento clinico? Prima ParteF. Tangianu, A. Mazzone, G. Pinna, G. Chesi, P. Gnerre, F. Berti, M. Stornello, C. Nozzoli, S. Corrao, M. Silingardi, G. Mathieu, A. Fontanella, D. Borioni, R. Nardi
Competenza e metodologia in Medicina Interna: quali strumenti di valutazione delle capacità di ragionamento clinico? Seconda ParteF. Tangianu, A. Mazzone, G. Pinna, G. Chesi, P. Gnerre, F. Berti, M. Stornello, C. Nozzoli, S. Corrao, M. Silingardi, G. Mathieu, A. Fontanella, D. Borioni, R. Nardi

La semeiotica medica: presente e futuroF. Cipollini