bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability Evaluation of Distribution System Considering Distributed Generation Correlation
Authors: Xuan Juqin , Zheng Jieyun , Shi Pengjia , Chen Jinpeng , Lin Mingrong , Hu Zhijian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The correlation between distributed generation (DG) can affect the reliability of distribution networks. To analyze the influence of this factor, first use Latin Hypercube Sampling, combine Spearman rank correlation coefficient and Cholesky decomposition to obtain the DG output power sample of the specified correlation coefficient. The bidirectional hierarchical structure reliability evaluation algorithm considering switch failure is used to evaluate the system. Considering the island operation mode of the distribution network after DG access, an improved heuristic load reduction strategy is proposed, and the reliability index of the load in the island is revised. The experimental results show that the reliability index of the system is closely related to the rated capacity of DG, the correlation between DG, and different load reduction strategies.
The Reliability Evaluation of Power Supply Distribution System Based on Distribution Automation
Authors: Xuan Guoli , Wang Wei , Liu Yu , Lang Bin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an improved failure mode and effect analysis for reliability evaluation of distribution network. By introducing the state factor of switch automation, the calculation formula of power supply reliability index of load point is modified, and the traditional consequence analysis method of fault mode is improved. Taking the test model of overhead lines as an example, the effectiveness of the improved method is verified, and the importance of distribution automation in the reliability improvement of distribution network power supply is affirmed, and the practical principle of terminal configuration is given in conjunction with the situation of distribution network in Anhui Province.
Research Progress of Electromagnetic Interference Suppression in Power Converters
Authors: Shichao Guo , Dandan Guo , Qiongyu Zhang , Nankai Wu , Jiaxin Deng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the related concepts of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) were expounded, the research progress of EMI suppression methods for power converters was summarized, and the future development trend of EMI suppression for power converters was pointed out, for example, EMI suppression method of changing circuit topology, EMI suppression method for improving control strategy, EMI suppression method of optimized driving circuit.
Dimension Reduction Method for Probabilistic Power Flow Computation Considering Wind Farms
Authors: Fu Haoyan , Wu Lianghong , Zhang Hongqiang , Liu Zhenzhu , Li Jingzhe 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWith the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources into the power system, a new source of uncertainty is added to the operation planning problem. In this paper, the rank correlation coefficient is introduced to characterize the dependency among random variables in power flow equations, and Nataf transformation is used to map the probabilistic power flow (PPF) problem to the independent standard normal space. Dimension reduction model is introduced to approximation the function relationship between PPF inputs and outputs. Gauss-Hermite quadrature is used to obtain the statistical moments of the univariate function, whereby the statistical moments of outputs of power flow equations are obtained. Testing on an IEEE-118 system, the dimension reduction method is compared with Hong’s point estimate method, it is found the dimension reduction method can improve the accuracy without extra computational burden.
Scheduling optimization model for integrated energy systems considering conditional value-at-risk
Authors: Peng Q , Wang X L , Qi S X , Wang Z D , Yan S , Chen Y T 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The integrated energy system (IES) promotes the integration of renewable energy and improves energy efficiency, but it also brings uncertainty to the system. The uncertainty of the output of renewable energy may lead to imbalance of supply and demand, which brings the risk of cost increase to the economic dispatch. This paper mainly studies IES with energy hub as the research object, and studies the IES modeling and the optimal scheduling problem considering Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR). Firstly, the mathematical model of energy hub is established. Next, the network model of power system and natural gas system is established and the energy hub is reasonably connected to them. Then, for analyzing the uncertainty of wind power output, this paper develops scenarios using Latin hypercube sampling method and uses K-medoids clustering algorithm to reduce the scenarios. After defining the risk cost under uncertainty, CVaR is introduced into the objective function of IES optimal dispatch to describe the risk which operating personnel faces. Based on CVaR, the IES scheduling model is established and linearized into a mixed integer linear programming problem to be solved. Finally, numerical case studies verify that the IES scheduling model can reduce the risks with least costs and determine whether the system needs to avoid risks.
Real-world insights on public charging demand and infrastructure use from electric vehicles
Authors: Hardinghaus Michael , Löcher Markus , Anderson John E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The city of Berlin has significantly expanded public charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. As a result of this investment, real-world charging data for the city of Berlin are available for the first time. In addition to other metrics, this dataset contains specific information about carsharing vehicles. This research letter offers numerous insights into public charging demand and infrastructure. The results are only now available due to a sufficient fleet size of electric vehicles.
The analysis shows that the distribution of charging stations is very unequal in Berlin. The data also show that the infrastructure network is much denser in the city center. While there is an unequal distribution of infrastructure, we see that the utilization of infrastructure is relatively equal. This reflects unequal charging demand, as can be expected based on the location of the infrastructure. We also determine that the majority of public charging events come from free-floating carsharing vehicles. The analysis of infrastructure use shows that the edge of the city center has the highest rates of stations occupied by vehicles after completing charging. Carsharing users occupy infrastructure after charging significantly more than individual private and commercial users. However, if the pricing scheme allows, individual users also occupy infrastructure after completing charging.
The research letter provides several policy recommendations for the build-up and operation of charging infrastructure. These focus on charging demand from individual users, infrastructure efficiency, and carsharing operators and their business models. The results are timely as decisions on public charging infrastructure must be made now to meet electric vehicle demand.
Classification of features shape of Gram-negative bacterial using an extreme learning machine
Authors: Satoto B D , Utoyo M I , Rulaningtyas R , Koendhori E B 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGram-negative bacteria are one of microorganism responsible for nosocomial infections in Indonesia. Nosocomial bacteria can cause nosocomial diseases, which are difficult to cure with antibiotic treatment. This bacterial observation was carried out using image processing to replace visual inspection. The process of this research consists of four stages, namely Pre-processing preparing image data, dividing objects by segmentation, obtaining and selecting features, ending with classification. At the segmentation stage, the bacterial image object was chosen that best suits the expert representation, in this case, a medical analyst. Feature extraction is done to get the pixel object information to be processed. At the classification stage, the use of extreme learning machines was chosen due to its shorter training process time. Two different bacteria were used, namely nosocomial bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. In this research, selected bacterialKlebsiella pneumoniawas obtained from 50 patients until a total of 2520 images were obtained. At the classification stage, the results of the bacterial object feature extraction are used 120 photographs in the training process and 40 image data in the testing process, with the total amount of data used, is 160 images with 512x512 pixel size and 24-bit depth. Extreme learning accuracy results are obtained in 96.71% of the process testing.
Utilization of plastic waste processing for oil fuel at Tambaan Beach, Pasuruan City
Authors: Rudianto R , Yudaningtyas E , Lelono T D , Kasitowati R D 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The amount of waste in Indonesia is estimated to reach 68 million tons in 2019, of which 9.52 million tons is a plastic waste. With this amount, Indonesia is ranked second in the world as the largest producer of plastic waste. One area that suffers from plastic waste is the coastal area. This plastic waste is difficult to decompose and cause environmental problems. Likewise, it happened on the Tambaan coast in Tambaan sub-district, Panggungrejo subdistrict, Pasuruan city. Currently, accumulation of plastic waste is evident throughout the coastal area. The accumulation of scattered plastic waste and its proximity to the residents’ settlements has become a hotbed of mosquitoes and caused a pungent smell. The Serving Doctoral Program at Universitas Brawijaya offers a solution to process plastic waste into fuel oil such as diesel, kerosene, and premium. The technology used was Muryani’s distillation from Wlingi, Blitar Regency. The technology can change certain types of plastic waste to produce fuel. Karang Taruna Bina Hang Tuah was acted as a reliable partner to assist the implementation of the technology on site. This study aims to strengthen the capacity of Karangtaruna in Tambaan Village to be more concerned about the environmental problems of Tambaan beach by processing waste that has been polluted by plastic waste. The results of plastic waste treatment showed that 10 kg of dried plastic waste can be transformed into diesel, premium and kerosene with the efficiency value of 60%, 35%, and 15%, respectively.
Banana flour as fillers in making tomato paste
Authors: Muchlisyiyah J , Hasna T 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Tomatoes are one of the horticultural crops that have high potential value in Indonesia. Statistics of the Ministry of Industry in 2016 shows that tomato sauce is an import commodity worth the US $ 1284 thousand and exports worth the US $ 863 thousand. The raw material for making tomato sauce is tomato paste. Tomato paste is an intermediate product that commonly uses fillers in the form of corn starch which is a lot of imported commodities, CMC, or xanthan gum. This filler can be replaced with other types of carbohydrates that have abundant amounts in Indonesia, including banana flour. Banana flour is one ingredient that can be used as an alternative filler of tomato paste. Both bananas and tomatoes are two commodities that have low prices during the main harvest. This study aims to determine the concentration of banana flour that is suitable for use in making tomato paste. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with the addition of banana flour treatment consisting of 5 levels, namely 0 %, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%. The results showed that the addition of banana flour could increase the total dissolved solids, density, and viscosity of tomato paste. The addition of banana flour did not affect the pH of tomato paste. In addition, the addition of banana flour can reduce the value of brightness and redness in tomato paste.
Exploring the farmer productive behavior of cassava in effort of developing value-chain linkages to improve smallholder cassava production systems in North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Irawanto D W , Krisdiana R , Wisnubroto E I , Newby J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Cassava farming in North Sumatera is prominently for cash crops as feedstock to the tapioca starch factory. Multiple stakeholder engagement is needed to develop the value chain linkage to improve the smallholder cassava production system in North Sumatera. The project activity started in 2018 to improve the cassava farming system by introduced new cassava varieties, training on soil and fertilizer management, and linkage between multiple stakeholders to support the smallholder cassava farming. A Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and household surveys were conducted in 2019 to evaluate the changes in farmers’ behavior and perspective toward the improvement of the farming system. The results showed that most of the farmers had improved their farming system, and consequently, the cassava tuber yield than in turn, increased the tapioca starch company productivity. However, several issues need to be solved in order to effectively upscaling the smallholder cassava farming in the region.
Hand sanitizer formulation using orange peel essential oil
Authors: Wijana S , Pratama E P , Rahmah N L , Arwani M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Hand sanitizer is mainly produced using 60% of alcohol as an active substance. Therefore, many hand sanitizers’ products are highly dominant with the alcohol smell. This research was aimed to formulate a sweet-scented hand sanitizer using a combination of orange essential oil as the addition of fragrant substance. A randomized block design (RBD) method was used, consists of one factor of essential oils proportion (i.e. baby orange (BO): sweet orange (SO)) in the formulation of hand sanitizer (P) with five levels. All treatment combination was carried out in five replicates. Physical properties (i.e. pH, density, and viscosity) and microbiological tests (i.e. total plate count and area of bacterial inhibition) were performed, as well as sensory tests to determine consumer response. The best results of the physical properties and the microbiological test were obtained from A2 treatment with proportion of BO: SO (0.75: 0.25), with the average of bacterial inhibition area of 6.77mm more efficient than that of the control. The sweet scene of the hand sanitizer product was clearly shown, as much as 77% of respondents favoured its aroma. The current study clearly shows that orange peels were potential as the additional ingredients in giving the sweet smell to the hand sanitizer.
Fabrication of transparent ZnO/(CuZn)O heterojunction solar cells by electrochemical deposition
Authors: Keikhaei Mansoureh , Tanaka Masaya , Ichimura Masaya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Transparent (CuZn)O thin films were fabricated via electrochemical deposition at room temperature from an aqueous solution containing Zn(NO3)2 and Cu(NO3)2, and properties of the films were studied before and after annealing at 400 °C in air. According to x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results, copper was in the Cu1+ oxidation state. All the samples before and after the annealing were found to be amorphous by x-ray diffraction, and p-type conductivity was found by photoelectrochemical characterizations. Transparent p-n heterojunction ZnO/(CuZn)O was fabricated by depositing ZnO on as-deposited and annealed (CuZn)O. For both as-deposited and annealed (CuZn)O, rectifying characteristics and photovoltaic effects were observed.
Research on microstructure of copper coatings on AlN ceramic surface by laser cladding and brazing
Authors: Zhao Jian , Wang Xiangwang , Shu Fengyuan , Jiang Sansheng , Ma Pan , Zhao Yixuan , Yu Zhishui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The preparation of Cu-based coatings on AlN ceramic surface was accomplished by laser cladding and brazing technology. The Cu-based coating was prepared by both copper powder and titanium powder on ceramic surface. The microstructure and properties were tested by x-ray diffraction, metallurgical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and microhardness tester. The novelties of this paper in the method of laser cladding and brazing were used to prepare Cu-coating on ceramic surface and the addition of Ti could improve the properties of Cu-based coating. The addition of Ti improved the wettability of ceramic surface. According to the results of EDS, Ti could better get into the Cu-based coating and formed metallurgical bonding in the laser cladding. The microhardness of laser cladding was higher than brazing, which could be concluded that it was due to the rapid cooling rate during the laser cladding could restrain grain growth and element segregation.
Medications for management of opioid use disorder
Authors: Koehl Jennifer L , Zimmerman David E , Bridgeman Patrick J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Purpose
The use of buprenorphine, methadone, and long-acting naltrexone for treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) is discussed, including a review of current literature detailing treatment approaches and action steps to optimize treatment in acute care and office-based settings.

Summary
The U.S. epidemic of opioid-related deaths has been driven by misuse of prescription opioids and, increasingly, illicit drugs such as heroin, fentanyl, and fentanyl analogs, necessitating a refocusing of treatment efforts on expanding access to life-saving, evidence-based OUD pharmacotherapy. Inpatient treatment of opioid withdrawal includes acute symptom control through a combination of nonopioid medications and long-term pharmacotherapy to lessen opioid craving and facilitate stabilization and recovery. Methadone and buprenorphine reduce opioid craving, increase treatment retention, reduce illicit opioid use, and increase overall survival. Buprenorphine has logistical advantages over methadone, such as greater flexibility of treatment setting and less risk of adverse effects. Studies have shown the efficacy of long-acting injectable naltrexone to be comparable to that of buprenorphine if patients are detoxified prior to initiation of therapy; however, patients with active OUD are often not able to complete the week-long period of opioid abstinence needed prior to initiation of naltrexone injections. Although buprenorphine is preferred by many patients and can be prescribed in office-based settings, there remains a paucity of physicians certified to prescribe it.

Conclusion
Buprenorphine has become the medication of choice for many patients with OUD, but its use is limited by the low number of physicians certified to prescribe the agent. Other agents studied for treatment of OUD include methadone and naltrexone.
Immune Response to an Acute Moderate Dose of Alcohol in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Monnig Mollie A , Lamb Philip S , Parra Jose M , Cioe Patricia A , Martone Christina M , Monti Peter M , Szabo Gyongyi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrior research on alcohol and the immune system has tended to focus on binge doses or chronic heavy drinking. The aim of this single-session preliminary study was to characterize immune response to moderate alcohol (0.60 g alcohol per kilogram body weight) in healthy, nonchronic drinkers. The sample (N = 11) averaged 26.6 years of age and was balanced in gender. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and 1, 2 and 3 hours postconsumption. Markers of microbial translocation [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] and innate immune response [LPS-binding protein (LBP), soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14), and selected cytokines] were measured using immunoassays. Participants completed self-report questionnaires on subjective alcohol response and craving. Linear mixed models were used to assess changes in biomarkers and self-report measures. Breath alcohol concentration peaked at 0.069 ± 0.008% 1 hour postconsumption. LPS showed a significant linear decrease. LBP and sCD14 showed significant, nonlinear (U-shaped) trajectories wherein levels decreased at 1 hour then rebounded by 3 hours. Of nine cytokines tested, only MCP-1 and IL-8 were detectable in ≥50% of samples. IL-8 did not change significantly. MCP-1 showed a significant linear decrease and also accounted for significant variance in alcohol craving, with higher levels associated with stronger craving. Results offer novel evidence on acute immune response to moderate alcohol. Changes in LBP and sCD14, relative to LPS, may reflect their role in LPS clearance. Results also support further investigation into the role of MCP-1 in alcohol craving. Limitations include small sample size and lack of a placebo condition.
Dawn and Daytime Singing Behavior of Chipping Sparrows (Spizella Passerina)
Authors: Liu Wan-Chun , Kroodsma Donald E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSongbirds typically have small-to-large repertoires of different song types used in complex patterns over a day or season, but what remains poorly understood are patterns of song use by songbirds that have a single, simple song. Here, on the basis of extensive field observations, we reveal how a male Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina) varies its simple, repetitive song to create a dynamic singing performance. During the day, and beginning shortly after males arrive on their territories, males typically sing long songs at a relatively slow rate from the tops of trees near the center of their territories. About two weeks after males have arrived, they begin to sing well before sunrise; during this dawn chorus, songs are brief and delivered rapidly, typically while males face each other on the ground at territorial boundaries. Each male sings this way during the dawn chorus throughout the breeding season, except when his female is fertile. By contrast, daytime singing essentially stops after a male pairs. The dawn chorus appears to mediate social interactions among territorial neighbors, whereas daytime songs function in long-distance territory advertisement, particularly for female attraction.Comportamiento de Canto al Amanecer y Durante el Día en Spizella passerina
Behavior of Ruddy Duck Broods in Utah
Authors: Joyner David E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study reports on the brood-related behavior of Ruddy Ducks at Farmington Bay Waterfowl Management Area, Farmington, Utah. Drake accompaniment of hens and broods apparently resulted from a residual mate attraction rather than from a paternal relationship with the brood. Hen Ruddy Ducks accomplished inter- and intraspecific brood defense by means of agonistic displays and actual aggression. Communication between hen and brood was accomplished through visual and, occasionally, auditory signals. Calls were used to regroup ducklings, whereas visual displays were used to stimulate specific brood response. Brood behavior varied according to the age of the ducklings and the site occupied.
Parent-Offspring Interactions in Zebra Finches
Authors: Muller Robert E. , Smith Douglas G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The begging behavior of immature Zebra Finches has both visual and acoustic components. Begging nestlings gape at their parents, exposing characteristic mouth markings and a moving tongue. They also emit begging calls. Both components undergo changes as the offspring mature, and there is a shift from the visual to acoustic modality as the primary stimulus for feeding. Recorded fledgling begging calls were broadcast inside the cages of Zebra Finch parents with offspring. These begging calls stimulated parental feeding and other behaviors associated with feeding. The offspring also responded to recorded calls by showing begging behavior. Parents were sensitive to recorded begging calls from approximately day 16 to day 28 after the first offspring hatched, although there was substantial variation in these times among pairs of parents.