bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Analytical and Numerical Solutions of the Particle Breakup Process
Authors: Hasseine Abdelmalek , Hlawitschka Mark W. , Omar Waid , Bart Hans-Jörg 
Published: March 2020

Objective:
In this work, we obtained the analytical and approximate solutions of the population balance equations (PBEs) involving the breakup process in batch and continuous flow by applying the Adomian decomposition method and piecewise continuous basis functions, respectively.

Methods:
The key to the advanced numerical method is to represent the number distribution function of the dispersed phase through the orthogonal Chebyshev basis polynomials. It is a straightforward and effective method that has the advantage of simultaneously giving the distribution and the different required moments. Therefore, it does not require the construction of the distribution from moments computations obtained by the transformation of the initial problem and the lost information.

Results:
The performance of this numerical approach is evaluated by solving breakup equation and comparison against analytical solutions obtained from the Adomian decomposition method, which generally allows the analysis of this approach.

Conclusion:
The numerical results obtained by the present numerical method were compared with the new analytical solutions of the PBE. It was found that both piecewise continuous basis functions and analytical solutions have comparable results.
The Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevents Islet Beta Cell Apoptosis via an IL-10-Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Al-Azzawi Buthainah , McGuigan Declan H. , Koivula Fiona N. Manderson , Elttayef Ajile , Dale Tina P. , Yang Ying , Kelly Catriona , Forsyth Nicholas R. 
Published: March 2020

Background:Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is partly driven by autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cell, facilitated by the release of inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β by cells of the innate immune system. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have been used to counteract autoimmunity in a range of therapeutic settings due to their secretion of trophic and immunomodulatory factors that ameliorate disease independently of the cells themselves.Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the secretome of human bone-marrow derived MSCs on cytokine-driven beta cell apoptosis.Methods:All experiments were conducted in two insulin-secreting islet cell lines (BRIN-BD11 and βTC1.6) with selected experiments confirmed in primary islets. MSC secretome was generated by conditioning serum-free media (MSC-CM) for 24 hours on sub-confluent MSC populations. The media was then removed and filtered in readiness for use.Results:Exposure to IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-1β induced apoptosis in cell lines and primary islets. The addition of MSC-CM to cell lines and primary islets partially reversed cytokine-driven apoptosis. MSC-CM also restored glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cytokine-treated cell lines, which was linked to improved cell viability following from cytokine challenge. Characterization of MSC-CM revealed significant concentrations of IL-4, IL-10, PIGF and VEGF. Of these, IL-10 alone prevented cytokine-driven apoptosis. Furthermore, the inhibition of IL-10 through the addition of a blocking antibody reversed the anti-apoptotic effects of MSC-CM.Conclusion:Overall, the protective effects of MSC-CM on islet beta cell survival appear to be largely IL-10-dependent.
A Comparative Study Between Single Medial Canthus Injection Using 13 x 0.45 mm Needle and Posterior Sub-Tenon Injection as Local Anesthesia Techniques for Strabismus Surgery in Adults
Authors: A. Sherif Norhan , Mohamad Mayada K. , Hannon Ahmed A. , Osama Noha A. 
Published: March 2020

Background:The quality of ophthalmic anesthesia is an important component of the surgical procedure. There is no absolutely well-tolerated local eye anesthetic technique. However, it is important to choose a technique with high efficacy and safety.Objective:This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of peribulbar block using medial canthus single injection and posterior sub-tenon injection techniques.Methods:This prospective observational study was carried out at the Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Cairo, Egypt during the period from March to December 2018. Consecutive 60 patients of both sexes, aged >18 years-old, scheduled for bilateral strabismus surgery were enrolled in this study. In one eye of the sixty patients, medial canthus single injection peribulbar anesthesia was used (Group A), whereas posterior sub-tenon technique was applied in the other eye (Group B).Results:The median total ocular akinesia score was significantly higher in group A than in group B when assessed at 1, 3, and 5 min (p< 0.001). Each of the intraoperative (at 5 min) and postoperative pain scores showed no significant differences between the two groups (p> 0.05). However, the median scores of surgeon and patient satisfaction were significantly higher in group A compared with group B (3vs.2 each,p< 0.05). No patient developed occulocardiac reflex or postoperative nausea and vomiting.Conclusion:Peribulbar anesthesia by medial canthus single injection showed better akinesia of the globe than sub-tenon injection technique. Otherwise, both techniques were equally effective and safe.
PRESCRIPTION ANALYSIS OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AND AWARENESS AMONG PHYSICIAN REGARDING ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG
Authors: J. PATIL P. , S. PATIL V. , P. BHORE 
Published: March 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to analyze prescriptions of the hypertensive patient and to determine the awareness of physicians regarding antihypertensive drugs.
Methods: Prepare a questionnaire by the pilot study on five physicians. Review and finalized the questionnaire after discussion with pharmacologist. The answers were seek for awareness. Moreover the prescription of 30 patients was collected from the same physician who has undertaken the awareness regarding Antihypertensive Drugs. Study was conducted during Oct-2019 to Dec 2019.
Results: Average 83% awareness was found in the physician regarding antihypertensive drugs. Lack of awareness regarding diabetes and in ulcer patients was observed. Highest drug is given i.e. β blockers in antihypertensive patients. To determine the irrationality in the prescription of hypertensive patients.
Conclusion: To determine the FDC`s given to hypertensive patients. To determine the type of antihypertensive drugs given to patients.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND OPTIMIZATION OF BIODEGRADABLE PCL-PEG-PCL TRIBLOCK COPOLIMERIC MICELLES AS NANOCARRIERS FOR HYDROPHOBIC DRUG SOLUBILITY ENHANCER
Authors: PRASETYO JEFRI , SULAIMAN TEUKU NANDA SAIFULLAH , LUKITANINGSIH ENDANG 
Published: March 2020

Objective: This study aims to synthesize, characterize, and optimize biodegradable polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone (PCL-PEG-PCL) triblock copolimeric micelles as a nanocarrier for hydrophobic drug solubility enhancer of ketoprofen (K).
Methods: PCL-PEG-PCL (PCEC) triblock copolymers was obtained from the synthesis of ɛ-caprolactone (ɛ-CL) and PEG by ring opening polymerization (ROP) method at different PCL: PEG ratio (2-5:1). The K-loaded PCEC triblock copolymeric micelles was obtained by solvent evaporation method. Optimization of PCEC triblock copolymers and analysis of the effect of PCL: PEG ratio factors on the responses toward particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PdI), and entrapment efficiency (EE), were carried out through the design of experiments (DoE) approach of the 22 full factorial design method using the Design-Expert software to obtain the optimum formula.
Results: The higher the PCL: PEG ratio, the ZP value tends to be smaller while the PS, PdI, EE, and drug solubility may be increased, but the addition of hydrophobic blocks to some extent does not affect the EE and drug solubility. The optimum K-loaded PCEC triblock copolymeric micelles with a PCL: PEG 2.0:1 ratio has a zeta potential (ZP) of-24.07±0.35 mV, the particle size of 235.70±6.03 nm, polydispersity index of 0.30±0.06, entrapment efficiency of 87.08±0.06%, and the solubility of the K increases by 10.60 times.
Conclusion: The 22full factorial design has been proven to be the suitable optimization method to determine the optimum condition that yields to the optimum results of the PS, PdI, and EE of the of the K-loaded PCEC triblock copolymer micelles.
IMPACT OF ALCOHOL ON PANCREAS IN ALCOHOLIC PATIENTS
Authors: AIMAN FABIHA , SRIVANI S. , KUMAR D. SUDHEER , KISHORE P. 
Published: March 2020

Objective: Prolonged hazardous drinking can result in progressive and irreversible damage to the pancreas gland. This occurs on the background of pancreatic inflammation, acinar atrophy and, ultimately, fibrosis and can result in significant exocrine and endocrine insufficiency. Withdrawal of alcohol at an early stage may arrest the process and, even when the condition is established, may reduce the number of inflammatory episodes and allow for better control of both exocrine and endocrine insufficiencies. This study is aimed to identify the impact of alcohol on the pancreas and to educate the patient about the importance of alcohol cessation.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a multispecialty clinic in the gastroenterology department for a period of one month. 60 patients were involved in the study who were diagnosed with pancreatitis (acute or chronic). The data was obtained by directly communicating with the patients which consisted of demographics and social habits.
Results: Among 60 patients, the male was dominant (85%) than female (15%). Majority of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 y (65%) followed by patients 2140 y of age (25%) and patients above 60 y of age (10%). Epigastric pain was the most common presenting complaint in all patients (67%) followed by vomiting (33%). Majority of the patients involved are alcoholics (60%).
Conclusion: Proper attention to the health at the time of diagnosis of disease by alcohol cessation can prevent the progression of the disease and helps the patient to lead a healthy life.
ANDALIMAN FRUIT EXTRACT (ZANTHOXYLUM ACANTOPHODIUM) AND IT’S EFFECT ON PREECLAMPSIA AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
Authors: BARUS MELVIN NOVA GUNAWANTO , SYAFRUDDINILYAS  , SITEPU MAKMUR , BACHTIAR ADANG 
Published: March 2020

Objective: This study is the first study to test the effect of andaliman on preeclampsia. This study aims to discover whether andaliman fruit extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) affects the level of TNF α and IL-6 in preeclamptic LPS Induces mice
Methods: This study uses analytical research with quasi-experimental research design in laboratory rats (Micetus Norvegicus) pregnant females given andaliman extract (zantoxylumacantophodium) at doses of 100 mg and 200 mg per day. The study design allowed the researchers to measure the effect of treatment (intervention) in the experimental group by way of comparing the experimental group and control group. This design allows the researcher to determine the extent or extent of the change. The treatment of all samples was carried out simultaneously and during the treatment, it was observed using the type of Postest Only Control Group.
Results: Andaliman has been shown to reduce TNF-α levels in preeclampsia mice. The mean TNF-α in the K-, P1, P2 and K+ groups was 84.4; 90.1; 95.1; 109.7 (P<0.001). Andaliman has been shown to reduce IL-6 levels in preeclampsia rats. The mean IL-6 in the K-, P1, P2 and K+groups was 16.7; 67.5; 18.8; 21.1 (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study proves that there are anti-inflammatory effects possessed by the extract of Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium), thus showing a decrease in proinflammatory cytokine levels, namely TNF-α, IL6. This study also has a good clinical outcome after administering Andaliman extract (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium), where there are improvements in blood pressure, cystole-diastole, MAP and decreased urinary protein in research subjects with preeclampsia.
Influence of Waveforms on Fatigue Crack Growth Characteristics of Tire Tread Rubber using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Ghosh Prasenjit , Mukhopadhyay Rabindra , Ramarathnam Krishna Kumar 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Rubber products are typically subjected to cyclic fatigue loading in service. During prolonged exposure to cyclic loading, damages initiate at intrinsic defect sites at microscopic levels and subsequently propagate, leading to catastrophic failure. Therefore, the material that offers better resistance to fatigue crack growth (FCG) is suitable for a durable product. FCG characteristics of rubber compounds depend on many factors, such as constituent material (rubber, filler, etc.), environment, and operational conditions (loading amplitude, loading pattern, etc.). To simulate the realistic service condition of a product, the choice of loading pattern is a key factor and has emerged as a very important research topic in recent times. The present work focuses on the effect of loading pattern on FCG characteristics of tire tread rubber compounds.
In the present study, FCG characteristics of a 100% natural rubber (NR) compound were measured on a tear and fatigue analyzer (TFA, Coesfeld, Germany) using double edge notched pure shear specimen. Fatigue loading was applied using sinusoidal and pulse waveforms over a wide range of tearing energy levels. Pulse mode recorded a very high crack growth rate (∼2 times) compared to sine mode at equivalent peak energy levels.
In order to understand the mechanics of the higher crack growth rate in pulse mode, finite element analysis (FEA) of a pure shear specimen was performed wherein FCG experimental conditions were used as boundary conditions. FE analyses were carried out using both linear and nonlinear viscoelastic material models. Nonlinear viscoelastic FEA results revealed that viscous energy dissipation at the crack tip is much lower in the case of pulse mode, which is in support of higher the FCG rate in pulse mode as observed in the experiments.
Analysis of the structure and selected properties of welds obtained by the CMT and MAG method
Authors: Kwiecień Szymon , Pilarczyk Wirginia , Harapińska Ewa 
Published: March 2020

The article presents an analysis of the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) method, including the process, advantages and application of the method. The joints made with low energy CMT method and classic MAG method were also compared. The paper presents the results of non-destructive penetrant tests of welded joints made of steel in the S235JR grade. Microscopic observations were made using optical microscopy and the hardness was measured in accordance with PN-EN ISO 6507-1:2007. The test results confirmed that the CMT process allows for the production of high-quality joints and a narrow heat-affected zone compared to the classic MAG welding method, and also provides good mechanical properties and elimination of spatter.
Kajian Efektivitas Penggantian Alat Tangkap Cantrang Menjadi Gillnet Millenium di Banyutowo, Pati, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Yulieny Neneng Evy , Achmad  , Nimmi  
Published: March 2020

This study’s background was based on the prohibition of cantrang’s operation. To reduce impact of this ban, the Government was replacing cantrangs with another fishing gears which are considered more environmentally friendly. In Banyutowo, Pati Residence, “cantrang” was replaced with Gillnet Millennium. This study aims to determine the pattern of fishing season of some of the dominant fish species caught around Banyutowo and to analyze the effectiveness of replacing fishing gear, from cantrangs into gillnet millenium at Banyutowo. The fishing season indeks was analyzed using the moving average method. The types of fish analyzed in this study were the dominant fish caught in the Banyutowo waters with cantrang and gillnet such as Kuniran, Squid, Pari, Manyung, Beloso, Kuro and Tigawaja fish. Analysis of the effectiveness of replacing cantrang with the gillnet millenium in Banyutowo was carried out at the process, and output stages. The results showed that some of the most landed fish in PPI Banyutowo had different fishing seasons. The peak season for fishing in Banyutowo occurs in December (West season) and lowest in July (East season). The evaluation of the effectiveness of replacing cantrang into the gillnet millennium in Banyutowo at the process stage shows ineffective results, and at the output stage shows very ineffective results.
PENGARUH AKTIFITAS PACARAN TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR PADA SISWA KELAS XI SMK PEMUDA PAPAR
Authors: Afriansyah Alik Bima , Khususiyah Khususiyah , Krisphianti Yuanita Dwi 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi hasil pengamatan dan pengalaman peneliti, bahwa pacaran digunakan untuk memotivasi dirinya, siswa yang memiliki persepsi mengenai pacaran yang positif akan termotivasi saling bersaing untuk mampu mencapai prestasi belajar yang optimal. Sebaliknya dengan siswa yang mempunyai aktifitas pacaran yang kurang baik akan memiliki keterbatasan dalam mencapai prestasi belajar.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik kausal assosiatif. Proses analisis datanya menggunakan bantuan program SPSS 23.00 for windows dengan menggunakan uji korelasi product moment. Sampel penelitian ini sejumlah 30 siswa yang di ambil dengan menggunakan simple random sampling. Pengambilan datanya menggunakan intrument angket aktifitas pacaran dan angket motivasi belajar. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi product moment menunjukkan pengaruh aktifitas pacaran terhadap motivasi belajar memperoleh nilai 0,415 0,361 dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ha berbunyi ada pengaruh aktifitas pacaran terhadap motivasi belajar pada siswa kelas XI di SMK PEMUDA PAPAR tahun ajaran 2016/2017. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan peneliti saran yang perlu dikemukanan adalah sebagai salah satu bahan untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa dengan bantuan pacar atau teman.
Meningkatkan Orientasi Pilihan Karier Melalui Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok dengan Teknik Problem Solving Pada Siswa Kelas XII TPM 2 SMK Negeri 1 Trenggalek Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017
Authors: Fitriana Praptanti Dyah 
Published: March 2020

Mengingat pentingnya masalah karier dalam kehidupan manusia, maka sejak dini siswa perlu dipersiapkan dan dibantu untuk merencanakan tentang kariernya. Hal ini bisa dilakukan dengan cara memberikan pendidikan dan pemahaman orientasi karier yang berkelanjutan. Menyadari keadaan yang demikian maka perlu dilaksanakan bimbingan karier yang menekankan kegiatan- kegiatan dan informasi yang sistematis tentang dunia kerja dan alternatif pendidikan dimasa yang akan datang. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah “Apakah layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik problem solving dapat meningkatkan orientasi pilihan karier siswa kelas XII TPm 2 SMK Negeri 1 Trenggalek tahun pelajaran 2016/2017”.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan layanan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik problem solving dalam meningkatkan orientasi pilihan karier siswa kelas XII TPm 2 SMK Negeri 1 Trenggalek tahun pelajaran 2016/2017. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan bimbingan konseling (PTBK). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII TPm 2 SMK Negeri 1 Trenggalek tahun pelajaran 2016/2017 yang berjumlah 36 siswa. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah angket dan observasi.Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan orientasi pilihan karier siswa setelah dilakukan bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik problem solving. Data yang diperoleh menunjukkan adanya peningkatan orientasi pilihan karier pada siswa dari yang semula frekuensi orientasi pilihan karier hanya 69,44% (pada siklus I) dengan kriteria rendah, meningkat menjadi 88,89% (pada siklus II) termasuk dalam kriteria tinggi. Pada siklus 2, indikator keberhasilan yang sudah direncanakan di awal penelitian telah tercapai. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bimbingan kelompok dengan teknik problem solving dapat meningkatkan orientasi pilihan karier siswa kelas XII TPm 2 SMK Negeri 1 Trenggalek tahun pelajaran 2016/2017, sehingga hipotesis yang diajukan di awal penelitian ini dapat diterima.
Pengaruh Bimbingan Teman Sebaya Terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Interpersonal Peserta Didik Kelas XI IPS di SMAN 7 Kota Kediri Tahun Ajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Novilia Primasari Ega , Sancaya Setya Adi , Setyaputri Nora Yuniar 
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini berdasarkan dari hasil praktek kerja lapangan peneliti, bahwa kemampuan komunikasi peserta didik kelas XI IPS di SMAN 7 Kota Kediri rendah. Rumusan masalah yang diambil adalah “Adakah pengaruh pemberian bimbingan teman sebaya terhadap kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal peserta didik kelas XI IPS di SMAN 7 kota kediri tahun ajaran 2018/2019?”. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode pre experimental design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas XI IPS SMAN 7 Kota Kediri sebanyak 134 peserta didik, dengan sampel penelitian kelas XI IPS 1 sebanyak 5 peserta didik, kelas XI IPS 2 sebanyak 3 peserta didik kelas XI IPS 3 sebanyak 4 peserta didik, kelas XI IPS 4 sebanyak 7 peserta didik dan kelas XI IPS 5 sebanyak 3 peserta didik. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah skala kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal. Hasil uji reliabilitas menggunakan Alpha Cronbach yakni sebesar 0,788. Penelitian ini menggunakan independent sample t-test untuk mengetahui pengaruh bimbingan teman sebaya terhadap kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal peserta didik. Berdasarkan hasil uji independent sample t-test diperoleh t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel yaitu 34,799> 2,080 pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima, artinya bahwa bimbingan teman sebaya berpengaruh untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal peserta didik kelas XI IPS di SMAN 7 Kota Kediri.
Perbedaan Antara Penggunaan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan Proses Ground, Understand, Revise, and Use (GURU) Terhadap Efikasi Diri Karier Mahasiswa S1 Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Krisphianti Yuanita Dwi , Setyaputri Nora Yuniar , Puspitarini Ikke Yuliani Dian 
Published: March 2020

Efikasi diri karier merupakan keyakinan akan kemampuan dalam melakukan suatu usaha untuk mendapatkan keinginan dan menjadi berhasil di masa yang akan datang. Efikasi diri karier sudah semestinya dimiliki oleh mahasiswa program studi Bimbingan dan Konseling Universitas Nusantara PGRI (BK UNP) Kediri. Akan tetapi, fakta di lapangan ternyata hal ini menjadi problematik. Alternatif untuk meningkatkan efikasi diri karier mereka digunakan dua teknik yakni FGD dan Proses GURU. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data tentang perbedaan penggunaan FGD dengan Proses GURU terhadap efikasi diri karier mahasiswa S1 BK UNP Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain pre-posttest two treatment design . Populasi yang digunakan adalah mahasiswa tingkat 4 angkatan 2016/2017 sedangkan sampel yang digunakan 12 mahasiswa tingkat 4 angkatan 2016/2017. Pengumpula data dalam penelitian menggunaka skala efikasi diri karier. Analisa data menggunakan uji Man-Whitney dengan hasil sig 0,687 ≥ 0,05, yang berarti Ho diterima. Berdasarkan hasil analisa data maka kesimpulan yang bisa diambil adalah tidak ada perbedaan antara penggunaan FGD dengan Proses GURU terhadap efikasi diri karier mahasiswa S1 BK UNP Kediri. Saran yang bisa diberikan, (1) dua teknik ini bisa menjadi alternatif bagi dosen BK untuk meningkatkan efikasi diri karier mahasiswa, (2) peneliti selanjutnya bisa menggunakan dua teknik ini dalam meningkatkan variabel penelitian yang lain.