bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translating dignity principles into practice for continence care for older people in care homes: A study protocol
Authors: Ostaszkiewicz Joan , Dunning Trisha , Dickson‐Swift Virginia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo develop, implement, evaluate, and disseminate an evidence‐based, person‐centred education program to protect the dignity of care‐dependent older people with dementia and continence care needs in care homes.DesignA mixed method two‐phase design underpinned by integrated knowledge translation.MethodsAn education program that frames dignity as the main goal of continence care will be co‐designed with a purposive sample of care home staff who provide or supervise continence care for care‐dependent older people with dementia in care homes and resident relatives. The program will then be implemented and evaluated in a representative sample of care home staff to determine its clinical relevance, feasibility, acceptability, and effects on staff ratings of dignity in continence care; self‐reported continence care practices and the person centeredness of the environment. Data analysis will include descriptive statistics (survey data) and thematic analysis (focus groups). Funding obtained November 2018. Ethics approval obtained May 2019.DiscussionThis protocol outlines a mixed methods integrated knowledge translation protocol designed to translate principles about dignity into practice to improve the care of older people who are at risk of violations to their dignity in care homes. The outcome will be a contextually appropriate, evidence‐based education program that protects the dignity of care‐dependent older people who have dementia and continence care needs.ImpactBased on a sound theoretical model, the education program will be contextually appropriate for use in the care homes setting and contribute to improving the overall quality and safety of care in this setting. It could also support and inform continence care for other individuals who are care dependent. Adopting an integrated knowledge translation approach to the design and delivery of the education program and piloting it will ensure the program is contextually relevant and sustainable.
Research trends and hotspots in caregiver studies: A bibliometric and scientometric analysis of nursing journals
Authors: Dong Jianyu , Wei Wenqi , Wang Canfei , Fu Ying , Li Yuan , Li Jiaxin , Peng Xin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimsTo explore the intellectual landscape of care‐giving studies and identify research trends and hotspots in this field.DesignA bibliometric and scientometric analysis of care‐giving literature was undertaken from January ‐ February 2020.MethodsCiteSpace was used to analyse research published between 1900 ‐ 2019. A references‐based co‐citation analysis was used to identify the intellectual landscape of care‐giving research. A keywords‐based co‐occurrence analysis with citation bursts was used to explore research hotspots and frontiers. Lastly, a co‐authorship network analysis was used to identify co‐operation among authors, countries, and institutions.ResultsThere has been an increasing trend in the number of publications on care‐giving research with light fluctuations. Relevant literature mainly focused on the fields of oncology and psychiatry. The keywords‐based analysis indicated that the main research targets had previously been informal caregivers of patients with stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and schizophrenia. In recent years, focus has shifted onto informal caregivers of patients with cancer, heart failure, and those at end‐of‐life.ConclusionThis bibliometric and scientometric analysis helps us understand the current state of caregiver research and its recent developments.Impact

Caregivers’ mental health and care experience have become research hotspots.

Where and on whom will the research have an impact?

This research allows the development of future research on care‐giving.

Future researchers should explore effective interventions for the health of patient–caregiver dyads.
A novel technique—Prophylactic septal radiofrequency ablation to prevent left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with transcatheter mitral valve replacement (RADIO‐TMVR)
Authors: Killu Ammar M. , Guerrero Mayra , Siontis Konstantinos C. , El Sabbagh Abdallah , Eleid Mackram F. , Alkhouli Mohamad , Rihal Charanjit , Asirvatham Samuel J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTranscatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) with off‐label use of aortic balloon‐expandable transcatheter heart valves has emerged as a therapeutic option in high‐surgical risk patients with severe mitral annular calcification. Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction post valve deployment is a major limitation. We describe a case of septal reduction therapy using radiofrequency ablation (RFA) when established methods of septal reduction were either ineffective or not feasible. RFA permitted successful enlargement of the LVOT area and subsequent TMVR.
Efficacy of whitening toothpaste containing blue covarine: A double‐blind controlled randomized clinical trial
Authors: Meireles Sônia Saeger , de Sousa Jossaria Pereira , Lins Rodrigo Barros Esteves , Sampaio Fábio Correia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis randomized clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of a blue‐covarine whitening toothpaste on tooth bleaching.Subjects and methodsSeventy‐five subjects with shade mean C1 or darker were randomized into three groups (n = 25): CT‐conventional toothpaste, WT‐whitening toothpaste, and CP10‐10% carbamide peroxide. Subjects from CT and WT brushed their teeth twice/day for 2 weeks. CP10 used bleaching gel for 4 hours/night for 2 weeks. Tooth shade and CIELab parameters were measured at baseline, after the first application, 2‐ and 4‐week. ΔE*ab and ΔE00 were calculated. Subjects' perception about tooth color appearance, tooth sensitivity (TS), and gingival irritation (GI) were also assessed.ResultsAt all evaluation periods, it was not observed differences between WT and CT considering tooth shade (P > 0.7) or CIELab parameters (P > 0.3). At 2‐ and 4‐week, ΔE*ab and ΔE00 were higher for CP10 than WT or CT (P = 0.001). WT and CT reported major dissatisfaction with tooth color appearance than CP10 (P = 0.001). At 1‐ and 2‐week, WT experienced GI and TS similar to CT, both lower than CP10 (P < 0.01).ConclusionThere were no significant differences in the whitening efficacy between whitening and conventional toothpastes. Neither of the dentifrices was as effective as at‐home bleaching.Clinical significanceThe silica‐based toothpaste containing blue covarine evaluated in this study did not give significant tooth whitening benefits over 2 weeks of use.
Anterior enterocele immediately after cystectomy: A case report
Authors: Okada Yoshiyuki , Matsubara Eiji , Nomura Yukiko , Nemoto Tetsuo , Nagatsuka Masaaki , Yoshimura Yasukuni 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn enterocele is a peritoneal herniation through or into the vagina, typically as a posterior enterocele, which develops in the rectovaginal space (pouch of Douglas or cul‐de‐sac). An anterior enterocele in the vesicovaginal space is a rare condition, but a possible complication after cystectomy or hysterectomy. Herein, we report a rare case of anterior enterocele after cystectomy, which required semi‐urgent intervention. The patient was a 78‐year‐old woman (gravida 2, para 2) who underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy for bladder carcinoma 3 months earlier. Vaginal examination showed a large stage‐3 anterior enterocele without the covering vaginal wall. A transvaginal surgery was performed to repair the vagina. Mesh and Martius flaps were needed to repair the vaginal defect. In conclusion, an anterior enterocele must be suspected when pelvic organ prolapse occurs after cystectomy, and surgical repair should be performed as soon as possible because an enterocele that lacks vaginal wall covering is at high risk of rupture.
Addressing Equity in Rural Schools: Opportunities and Challenges for School Meal Standards Implementation
Authors: Asada Yuka , Mitric Svetlana , Chriqui Jamie F. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDFew studies examine why rural public schools have weaker policies and practices related to school nutrition environments compared to their urban counterparts. It is important to understand this disparity because federal school meal standards aim for children to access health‐promoting nutrition environments. In this study, we identify challenges and opportunities for the implementation of school meal standards in rural high schools.METHODSWe interviewed 38 rural school professionals from 22 high schools across 7 states. School professionals included food service directors, principals, school nurses, and teachers. Team coding in Atlas.ti Qualitative Data Analysis software v8 and principles of comparative analysis were employed to generate themes related to challenges and opportunities.RESULTSOverall, school professionals described improvements with implementation experiences and student acceptance over time. Key challenges included the negative influences of home and community food environments and limited staff size and capacity. Key opportunities involved joining co‐ops to enhance purchasing power, leveraging state technical assistance, and forming external partnerships.CONCLUSIONSThis study offers insights from a broad range of rural school professionals' implementation experiences. The findings can inform governments and technical assistance agencies working with rural schools and school districts to facilitate implementation and sustainability of initiatives.
Sidewinder gait in horses
Authors: Aleman Monica , Berryhill Emily , Woolard Kevin , Easton‐Jones Charlotte A. , Kozikowski‐Nicholas Tania , Dyson Sue , Kilcoyne Isabelle 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundSidewinder gait in horses is poorly understood and characterized by walking with the trunk and pelvic limbs drifting to 1 side.Hypothesis/objectivesTo report causes, clinical and diagnostic features.AnimalsHorses examined at 2 institutions.Materials and MethodsRetrospective study (2000‐2019). Cases with sidewinder gait, neurological and orthopedic examination, and diagnostic work up or postmortem evaluation were included. Descriptive statistics were performed.ResultsTwenty‐four horses (mean age 18.9 years) of various breeds and both sexes were included. Onset was acute (N = 10), subacute (N = 6), and insidious (N = 8). Electromyography and muscle biopsy supported neurologic disease and further aided in localizing site of lesion (N = 9/9). Neurologic causes included dynamic thoracolumbar spinal cord compression (N = 5), equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (N = 4, confirmed and presumed [2 each]), thoracic myelopathy of unknown etiology (N = 4), gliosis (N = 2), and thrombosis of thoracic spinal cord segments (N = 1). Non‐neurologic causes included osteoarthritis of the coxofemoral joint (N = 4), multiple displaced pelvic fractures (N = 2), bilateral rupture of theligamentum capitis ossis femoris(N = 1), and severe myonecrosis of multiple pelvic limb muscles (N = 1). Case fatality was 79%.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceSidewinder gait is usually observed in older horses and can have neurologic or musculoskeletal etiologies. Electromyography can be used as a diagnostic aid to determine neurologic versus non‐neurologic disease and further localize those of neurologic origin. The condition often has a poor prognosis for function and life.
Gastrointestinal pharmacology: practical tips for the esophagologist
Authors: Scarpignato Carmelo , Sloan Joshua A. , Wang David H. , Hunt Richard H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is primarily a motor disorder, and its pathogenesis is multifactorial. As a consequence, treatment should be able to address the underlying pathophysiology. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the mainstay of medical therapy for GERD, but these drugs only provide the control of symptoms and lesions without curing the disease. However, continuous acid suppression with PPIs is recommended for patients with Barrett's esophagus because of their potential chemopreventive effects. In addition to the antisecretory activity, these compounds display several pharmacological properties, often overlooked in clinical practice. PPIs can indeed affect gastric motility, exert a mucosal protective effect, and an antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antineoplastic activity, also protecting cancer cells from developing chemo‐ or radiotherapeutic resistance. Even in the third millennium, current pharmacologic approaches to address GERD are limited. Reflux inhibitors represent a promise unfulfilled, effective and safe prokinetics are lacking, and antidepressants, despite being effective in selected patients, give rise to adverse events in a large proportion of them. While waiting for new drug classes (like potassium‐competitive acid blockers), reassessing old drugs (namely alginate‐containing formulations), and paving the new avenue of esophageal mucosal protection are, at the present time, the only reliable alternatives to acid suppression.
Cycling projects in low‐income communities: Exploring community perceptions of Te Ara Mua – Future Streets
Authors: Thorne Rebekah , Wild Kirsty , Woodward Alistair , Mackie Hamish 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe cycling priorities and experiences of low‐income communities have traditionally received less research attention. This paper explores community perceptions of new cycling infrastructure within the Te Ara Mua – Future Streets project in the low‐cycling, low‐income, predominantly Pacific neighbourhood of Māngere Central, Auckland. Themes from seven key informant interviews and three focus groups included: local cycling norms; socio‐economic barriers; appreciation of the new community walking and cycling trail; desire for connectivity beyond the neighbourhood; concerns about on‐road bike lanes; support for local cycling champions; and tensions between views of the project as “experimentation” versus “investment.” We explore the implications of these findings for cycling promotion in Aotearoa.
Anti‐hypertensive treatment in the immediate post‐operative period and 1 year after pediatric heart transplantation
Authors: Kerstein Jason S. , Donovan Denis J. , Zinn Matthew D. , Richmond Marc E. , Cheung Eva W. , Addonizio Linda J. , Zuckerman Warren A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHypertension is a known complication of pediatric heart transplantation. We sought to identify factors associated with anti‐hypertensive use in pediatric heart transplant recipients immediately post‐transplant and oral anti‐hypertensive use at discharge and 1‐year post‐transplant. Retrospective chart review was conducted of patients ≤18 years who underwent heart transplantation at two major heart transplant centers between August 1, 2009 and December 31, 2017 with ≥1‐year follow‐up. Exclusion criteria included re‐transplant, multi‐organ recipients, survival <1 year, and comorbidities associated with hypertension. Anti‐hypertensive use was recorded during initial ICU stay, at discharge, and 1‐year post‐transplant. Univariate and multivariate analyses determined associations of demographic and diagnostic factors and need for anti‐hypertensives. There were 188 patients that met inclusion criteria. Anti‐hypertensive infusions were required in the ICU post‐transplant in 46 patients (24.5%) for a median of 3 days (1‐21 days). Oral anti‐hypertensives were required in 58 patients (30.9%) at discharge and 1‐year post‐transplant. Anti‐hypertensive infusion in the ICU post‐transplant was associated with donor‐to‐recipient weight ratio. Oral anti‐hypertensive use at discharge was associated with weight ratio and pretransplant VAD use, and at 1‐year, post‐transplant was associated with age at transplant, steroid use at discharge, and oral anti‐hypertensive use at discharge. Hypertension is common immediately following and 1‐year post‐transplant. Weight ratio was the only independent predictor of anti‐hypertensive use in the early post‐transplant period, whereas VAD use was also associated with anti‐hypertensive use at discharge. Anti‐hypertensive use 1‐year post‐transplant was not associated with those factors, but rather with age at transplant and steroid use.
Demonstrating the Benefits of Predictive Bayesian Dose–Response Relationships Using Six Exposure Studies ofCryptosporidium parvum
Authors: Bloetscher Frederick , Meeroff Daniel , Long Sharon C. , Dudle Jeanine D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA conventional dose–response function can be refitted as additional data become available. A predictive dose–response function in contrast does not require a curve‐fitting step, only additional data and presents the unconditional probabilities of illness, reflecting the level of information it contains. In contrast, the predictive Bayesian dose–response function becomes progressively less conservative as more information is included. This investigation evaluated the potential for using predictive Bayesian methods to develop a dose–response for human infection that improves on existing models, to show how predictive Bayesian statistical methods can utilize additional data, and expand the Bayesian methods for a broad audience including those concerned about an oversimplification of dose–response curve use in quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA). This study used a dose–response relationship incorporating six separate data sets forCryptosporidium parvum. A Pareto II distribution with known priors was applied to one of the six data sets to calibrate the model, while the others were used for subsequent updating. While epidemiological principles indicate that local variations, host susceptibility, and organism strain virulence may vary, the six data sets all appear to be well characterized using the Bayesian approach. The adaptable model was applied to an existing data set forCampylobacter jejunifor model validation purposes, which yielded results that demonstrate the ability to analyze a dose–response function with limited data using and update those relationships with new data. An analysis of the goodness of fit compared to the beta‐Poisson methods also demonstrated correlation between the predictive Bayesian model and the data.
The Role of Decision Analysis in Risk Analysis: A Retrospective
Authors: Bier Vicki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn commemorating the 40th anniversary of Risk Analysis, this article takes a retrospective look at some of the ways in which decision analysis (as a “sibling field”) has contributed to the development both of the journal, and of risk analysis as a field. I begin with some early foundational papers from the first decade of the journal's history. I then review a number of papers that have applied decision analysis to risk problems over the years, including applications of related methods such as influence diagrams, multicriteria decision analysis, and risk matrices. The article then reviews some recent trends, from roughly the last five years, and concludes with observations about the parallel evolution of risk analysis and decision analysis over the decades—especially with regard to the importance of representing multiple stakeholder perspectives, and the importance of behavioral realism in decision models. Overall, the extensive literature surveyed here supports the view that the incorporation of decision‐analytic perspectives has improved the practice of risk analysis.
Fertility and pregnancy in Iranian thalassemia patients: An update on transfusion complications
Authors: Takhviji Vahideh , Zibara Kazem , Azarkeivan Azita , Mehrvar Nastaran , Mehrvar Narjes , Mezginejad Fatemeh , Khosravi Abbas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundDespite the significant advances in thalassemia pathobiology and efficacy of chelation regimens, complications of transfusion therapy have attenuated the reproductive health of thalassemia patients. Depending on clinical profiles, we aimed to assess the fertility status and stresses among thalassemia patients who desired to have children.Material and methodsA total of 213 couples in reproductive ages were enrolled in this study in Tehran. Patients' demographic, clinical, fertility and spouse's health status were documented. We evaluated the pituitary‐gonadal axis, serum ferritin, liver enzymes, and alloimmunization before planning a pregnancy and reported them as a function of spontaneous conception and transfusion dependency.ResultsData showed that 131 patients (62%) had 228 spontaneous pregnancies leading to 198 (86.6%) successful pregnancies. A significant difference was observed in spontaneous pregnancy with respect to fertility complications and transfusion dependency. In addition, the clinical conditions of spouses in patients with any spontaneous pregnancy were more thalassemia carriers (P < .05). Moreover, serum ferritin levels had a significant negative correlation with the levels of Testosterone, Estradiol, luteinizing hormone, and follicle‐stimulating hormone. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was reported with the level of liver enzymes. Finally, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase had a significant negative correlation with pituitary hormones.ConclusionWe suggest that organised instruction in addition to good iron chelation, especially during the puberty period, would reduce the oxidative damage and related complications in thalassemia patients. Moreover, infertility seems to be attributed to iron deposition in various endocrine organs, pituitary, reproductive system and the liver, contributing to hormonal metabolism.
Proximal digit tip amputation initiates simultaneous blastema and transient fibrosis formation and results in partial regeneration
Authors: Dawson Lindsay A. , Schanes Paula P. , Marrero Luis , Jordan Kathryn , Brunauer Regina , Zimmel Katherine N. , Qureshi Osama , Imholt Felisha M. , Falck Alyssa R. , Yan Mingquan , Dolan Connor P. , Yu Ling , Muneoka Ken 
Published: August 2020

AbstractComplete extremity regeneration in mammals is restricted to distal amputations of the digit tip, the terminal phalanx (P3). In mice, P3 regeneration is mediated via the formation of a blastema, a transient population of progenitor cells that form from the blending of periosteal and endosteal/marrow compartmentalized cells that undergo differentiation to restore the amputated structures. Compartmentalized blastema cells are formed independently, and periosteal compartment‐derived cells are required for restoration of amputated skeletal length. P3 regenerative capacity is progressively attenuated at increasingly more proximal amputation levels, eventually resulting in regenerative failure. The continuum of regenerative capacity within the P3 wound milieu is a unique model to investigate mammalian blastema formation in response to distal amputation, as well as the healing response associated with regenerative failure at proximal amputation levels. We report that P3 proximal amputation healing, previously reported to result in regenerative failure, is not an example of complete regenerative failure, but instead is characterized by a limited bone regeneration response restricted to the endosteal/marrow compartment. The regeneration response is mediated by blastema formation within the endosteal/marrow compartment, and blastemal osteogenesis progresses through intramembranous ossification in a polarized proximal to distal sequence. Unlike bone regeneration following distal P3 amputation, osteogenesis within the periosteal compartment is not observed in response to proximal P3 amputation. We provide evidence that proximal P3 amputation initiates the formation of fibrotic tissue that isolates the endosteal/marrow compartment from the periosteal compartment and wound epidermis. While the fibrotic response is transient and later resolved, these studies demonstrate that blastema formation and fibrosis can occur in close proximity, with the regenerative response dominating the final outcome. Moreover, the results suggest that the attenuated proximal P3 regeneration response is associated with the absence of periosteal‐compartment participation in blastema formation and bone regeneration.