bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of peripheral neutrophil count with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis
Authors: Zhang Xing , Hou Xiao-He , Ma Ya-Hui , Shen Xue-Ning , Cao Xi-Peng , Song Jing-Hui , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Inflammation plays an important role in atherosclerosis but the contribution of neutrophils to this process is unclear. We sought to assess whether neutrophil count is associated with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS).

Methods
A total of 2847 individuals were included in our study, including 1363 with acute ischemic stroke and 1484 normal controls without stroke. The presence of ICAS was confirmed by magnetic resonance angiography. The association between neutrophil count and ICAS was evaluated by multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Results
Among 2847 individuals included in this study, individuals with ICAS had higher neutrophil counts than those without ICAS in groups with and without stroke (P <  0.0001 for stroke group, P = 0.0097 for group without stroke). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the third and fourth quartiles were independent predictors of ICAS in all the subjects (Q3: OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.39–2.37, Q4: OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.70–3.10) and patients in the fourth quartile had a higher risk for the occurrence of ICAS in stroke group (Q4: OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.79–4.48). However, there was no significant association between neutrophil count and ICAS in the group without stroke.

Conclusions
The levels of circulating neutrophils were associated with the presence of ICAS. Our findings suggest that neutrophils may play a role in the pathogenesis of stroke related to ICAS and emphasize the need to develop proper strategies to control neutrophil response for the treatment of ICAS.
Patterns of recurrence after surgery and efficacy of salvage therapy after recurrence in patients with thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ni Wenjie , Yang Jinsong , Deng Wei , Xiao Zefen , Zhou Zongmei , Zhang Hongxing , Chen Dongfu , Feng Qinfu , Liang Jun , Lv Jima , Wang Xiaozhen , Wang Xin , Zhang Tao , Bi Nan , Deng Lei , Wang Wenqing 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Information on the optimal salvage regimen for recurrent esophageal cancer is scarce. We aimed to assess the patterns of locoregional failure, and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of salvage therapy along with the prognostic factors in recurrent thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) after radical esophagectomy.

Methods
A total of 193 TESCC patients who were diagnosed with recurrence after radical surgery and received salvage treatment at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed from 2004 to 2014. The patterns of the first failure were assessed. The post-recurrence survival rate was determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed using the log-rank test. Multivariate prognostic analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard model.

Results
The median time of failure was 7.0 months. Among the 193 patients, 163 exhibited isolated locoregional lymph node (LN) recurrence and 30 experienced locoregional LN relapse with hematogenous metastasis. Among the 193 patients, LN recurrence was noted at 302 sites; the most common sites included the supraclavicular (25.8%; 78/302) and mediastinal LNs (44.4%; 134/302), particularly stations 1 to 6 for the mediastinal LNs (36.4%; 110/302). The median overall survival (OS) was 13.1 months after recurrence. In those treated with salvage chemoradiotherapy, with radiotherapy, and without radiotherapy, the 1-year OS rates were 68.5, 55.0, and 28.6%; the 3-year OS rates were 35.4, 23.8, and 2.9%; and the 5-year OS rates were 31.8, 17.2, 2.9%, respectively (P < 0.001). Furthermore, patient survival in those who received salvage chemoradiotherapy was significantly better than those treated with salvage radiotherapy alone (P = 0.044). Multivariate analysis showed that the pathological TNM stage and salvage treatment regimen were independent prognostic factors.

Conclusions
Supraclavicular and mediastinal LN failure were the most common types of recurrence after R0 surgery in TESCC patients. Salvage chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy could significantly improve survival in esophageal cancer with locoregional LN recurrence.
Unphosphorylated STAT3 in heterochromatin formation and tumor suppression in lung cancer
Authors: Dutta Pranabananda , Zhang Lin , Zhang Huijun , Peng Qin , Montgrain Phillippe R. , Wang Yingxiao , Song Yuanlin , Li Jinghong , Li Willis X. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Aberrant JAK/STAT activation has been detected in many types of human cancers. The role of JAK/STAT activation in cancer has been mostly attributed to direct transcriptional regulation of target genes by phosphorylated STAT (pSTAT), while the unphosphorylated STAT (uSTAT) is believed to be dormant and reside in the cytoplasm. However, several studies have shown that uSTATs can be found in the nucleus. In addition, it has been shown that tissue-specific loss of STAT3 or STAT5 in mice promotes cancer growth in certain tissues, and thus these STAT proteins can act as tumor suppressors. However, no unifying mechanism has been shown for the tumor suppressor function of STATs to date. We have previously demonstrated a non-canonical mode of JAK/STAT signaling for Drosophila STAT and human STAT5A, where a fraction of uSTAT is in the nucleus and associated with Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1); STAT activation (by phosphorylation) causes its dispersal, leading to HP1 delocalization and heterochromatin loss.

Methods
We used a combination of imaging, cell biological assays, and mouse xenografts to investigate the role of STAT3 in lung cancer development.

Results
We found that uSTAT3 has a function in promoting heterochromatin formation in lung cancer cells, suppressing cell proliferation in vitro, and suppressing tumor growth in mouse xenografts.

Conclusions
Thus, uSTAT3 possesses noncanonical function in promoting heterochromatin formation, and the tumor suppressor function of STAT3 is likely attributable to the heterochromatin-promoting activity of uSTAT3 in the non-canonical JAK/STAT pathway.
Ab interno implantation of glaucoma drainage devices tubes in the posterior chamber
Authors: Moreno-Montañés Javier , Guirao-Navarro Concepción , Argüeso Francisco 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Glaucoma drainage device (GDD) implantation in the anterior chamber are associated with corneal complications. We describe a novel technique to implant GDD tubes in the posterior chamber of pseudophakic eyes.

Methods
Ten patients with glaucoma who required GDD tube implantation were included.

Results
The new technique begins with the passage of one of two straight needles existing at each end of a 10–0 Polypropylene suture through the GDD tube. A 23-gauge needle then is inserted at an angle 180° away and passed from the anterior to the posterior chamber and finally through the sclera. The two suture straight needles from the 10–0 Polypropylene suture are positioned in the lumen of the 23-gauge needle. The 23-gauge needle is then extracted from the eye by passing the 2 needles through the lumen. The suture remains inside the posterior chamber, and the tube is inserted into the posterior chamber by pulling on the suture from the other side. No intra-operative complications were found such as bleeding, vitreous tube placement, bent tubes, etc.

Conclusions
This surgical procedure to implant a tube into the posterior chamber of the pseudophakic eyes is uncomplicated and facilitates the insertion of the flexible tube into the posterior chamber. This eliminates the tendency of the tube to enter the vitreous as the tube is always placed in the posterior chamber away from the cornea.

Trial registration
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN14276553 (31th May, 2019) Retrospectively registered.
Prevalence of depression and its associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus at Tirunesh-Beijing general hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Engidaw Nigus Alemnew , Wubetu Abate Dargie , Basha Elyas Admasu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Depression is one of the common and overwhelming mental disorder in diabetic patients. A little is known about the prevalence and associated factors of depression among diabetic patients at general hospitals. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among patients with diabetes mellitus at Tirunesh-Beijing General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 8 to April 8, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 403 participants. Depression was assessed by using patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Oslo 3 social support scale was used to assess social support. The data were entered into Epidata version 3.1 and analyzed by the statistical package for social science version 23 software. We computed bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions to assess factors associated with depression. Statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05.

Results
A total of 403 study participants were interviewed with a response rate of 99%. The prevalence of depression among diabetic patients was 21.3%. In the final multivariate analysis, diagnosed with type II diabetes mellitus, being physically disabled and having poor social support were independent predictors of depression.

Conclusions
Type II diabetes mellitus, poor social support and physical disability were factors associated with depression. An early depression-focused regular screening for diabetic patient should be carried out by trained health professionals. Linkage with mental health service providers also needs to be considered. Clinicians needs to give emphasis to diabetic patients with physically disable and poor social support.
Minimally invasive comprehensive treatment for granulomatous lobular mastitis
Authors: Wang Yaohuai , Song Junlong , Tu Yi , Chen Chuang , Sun Shengrong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective
To describe a minimally invasive comprehensive treatment for granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) and compare its effect with the existing methods, particularly in terms of its recurrence rate and esthetic outcomes.

Methods
This retrospective study reviewed 69 GLM patients receiving the minimally invasive comprehensive treatment. Patients’ information, including age, clinical features, image characteristics, histopathological findings, mastitis history, treatment process, operative technique, recurrence, and esthetic effect, was evaluated.

Results
All patients were female with a median age of 32 (range 17–55) years. Hospital stays ranged from 2 to 34 days, with a median of 6 days. The shortest time for complete rehabilitation was 2 days and the longest time was 365 days, with a median of 30 days. After a median follow-up of 391 days (range 162–690), 7 patients (10.14%) relapsed. The average cosmetic score was 2.62 ± 0.57 points and was mainly related to the past treatment, especially the surgical history.

Conclusion
Minimally invasive comprehensive treatment is a new method for the treatment of GLM, ensuring a therapeutic effect while maintaining breast beauty.
Medical students’ experiences with sexual discrimination and perceptions of equal opportunity: a pilot study in Germany
Authors: Jendretzky Konstantin , Boll Lukas , Steffens Sandra , Paulmann Volker 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Data is available on sexual discrimination and subjective perceptions of equal opportunity in medical education for many countries. Surveys focussing on sexual harassment have not yet been conducted at German medical schools.

Methods
A student initiative surveyed all medical students at the Hannover Medical School (MHH) using an anonymous online questionnaire on equal opportunity and sexual discrimination to identify potential problems in education.

Results
A total of 343 students (15%) participated in the survey. Over 50% reported having either witnessed sexual harassment or experienced it themselves. Female students indicated having experienced sexual harassment three times more often than their male peers; verbal forms of sexual discrimination predominate. These observations and experiences of sexual harassment demonstrated significant influences on many perceptions regarding equal opportunity and equal treatment in the MHH undergraduate medical education at MHH.

Conclusion
This blind spot in medical education in the German-speaking countries should be scrutinized more closely. The experience of sexism in the context of undergraduate medical education, which has negative effects on students, should no longer be ignored in empirical education research.
Factors affecting the implementation of a whole school mindfulness program: a qualitative study using the consolidated framework for implementation research
Authors: Hudson Kristian G. , Lawton Rebecca , Hugh-Jones Siobhan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Preventing the onset of poor mental health in adolescence is an international public health priority. Universal, whole school preventative approaches are valued for their reach, and anti-stigmatising and resilience building principles. Mindfulness approaches to well-being have the potential to be effective when delivered as a whole school approach for both young people and staff. However, despite growing demand, there is little understanding of possible and optimal ways to implement a mindfulness, whole school approach (M-WSA) to well-being. This study aimed to identify the determinants of early implementation success of a M-WSA. We tested the capacity of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), to capture the determinants of the implementation of a mental health intervention in a school setting.

Methods
Key members of school staff (n = 15) from five UK secondary schools attempting to implement a M-WSA were interviewed at two-time points, 6 months apart, generating a total of 30 interviews. Interviews explored participants’ attitudes, beliefs and experiences around implementing a M-WSA. Interview data were coded as CFIR constructs or other (non CFIR) factors affecting implementation. We also mapped school-reported implementation activity and perceived success over 30 months.

Results
The CFIR captured the implementation activities and challenges well, with 74% of CFIR constructs identifiable in the dataset. Of the 38 CFIR constructs, 11 appeared to distinguish between high and low implementation schools. The most essential construct was school leadership. It strongly distinguished between high and low implementation schools and appeared inter-related with many other distinguishing constructs. Other strongly distinguishing constructs included relative priority, networks and communications, formally appointed implementation leaders, knowledge and beliefs about the intervention, and executing.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest key implementation constructs that schools, commissioners and policy makers should focus on to promote successful early implementation of mental health programs. School leadership is a key construct to target at the outset. The CFIR appears useful for assessing the implementation of mental health programs in UK secondary schools.
Disabled and immigrant, a double minority challenge: a qualitative study about the experiences of immigrant parents of children with disabilities navigating health and rehabilitation services in Norway
Authors: Arfa Shahrzad , Solvang Per Koren , Berg Berit , Jahnsen Reidun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Immigrants and their Norwegian-born children make up approximately 18% of the total population in Norway. While several studies have been conducted on immigrants’ utilization of healthcare services, immigrant families are systematically underrepresented in international studies of children with disabilities. By focusing on experiences of immigrant parents of children with disabilities navigating health and rehabilitation services in Norway, this study generated knowledge of how accessible and tailored the services were from their point of view.

Methods
This study took a qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews to explore the experiences of immigrant parents of children with disabilities from non-Western countries. The interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed via an inductive thematic analytic approach.

Results
The findings show how the “immigrant experience” influenced the way the parents looked at, experienced, and even praised the services. The parents appreciated the follow-up services provided by the pediatric rehabilitation centers, which they experienced as predictable and well-organized. While navigating the services, they experienced several challenges, including the need for information, support, and timely help. They felt exhausted because of years of struggle in the healthcare system to access the help and services they needed. They expressed how this struggle had affected their own health. The feeling of being treated differently from the majority was another challenge they experienced while navigating the services. The findings also show how parents’ experiences of communication with healthcare providers were influenced not only by their own language and communication skills but also by the healthcare providers’ intercultural communication skills and dominant organizational culture.

Conclusions
The parents’ experiences show that there is still a gap between the public ideal of equal healthcare services and the reality of the everyday lives of immigrant families of children with disabilities. By exploring immigrant parents’ experiences, this study highlights the importance of mobilization at both the individual and systemic levels to fill the current gap and provide tailored and accessible services to the entire population.
Genomic-based identification of environmental and clinical Listeria monocytogenes strains associated with an abortion outbreak in beef heifers
Authors: Whitman Katherine J. , Bono James L. , Clawson Michael L. , Loy John D. , Bosilevac Joseph M. , Arthur Terrance M. , Ondrak Jeff D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn a beef cattle facility an outbreak of abortions occurred over a 36-day period and included samples from two aborted (non-viable) fetuses and 21 post-abortion clinical cases. There are numerous etiologies, including clinical listeriosis. At the species level,Listeria monocytogenesis ubiquitous in cattle production environments, including soil, feed, and occasionally water sources, and is a common enteric resident of cattle and other mammals. There are four genetically distinct lineages ofL. monocytogenes(I-IV), with most lineage III and IV isolates obtained from ruminants. Definitive diagnosis ofL. monocytogenesas a causative agent in disease outbreaks relies upon case identification, appropriate sample collection, and laboratory confirmation. Furthermore, clearly establishing a relationship between a pathogen source and clinical disease is difficult.ResultsOf the two fetal and 21 clinical case submissions, 19 were positive forL. monocytogenes. Subsequent culture forL. monocytogenesfrom water and silage sources identified both as potential origins of infection. Using whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, clinical, water and silageL. monocytogenesstrains grouped into two of four lineages. All water and silage strains, plus 11 clinical strains placed in lineage III, with identical or nearly identical genomic sequences. The remaining eight clinical strains placed in lineage I, with seven having nearly identical sequences and one distinctly different.ConclusionThree genetically distinct strains within two lineages ofL. monocytogenescaused the abortion outbreak. The etiology of abortion in 11 cases was directly linked to water and silage contamination from a lineage IIIL. monocytogenesstrain. The source of infection for the remaining abortion cases with two different strains from lineage I is unknown. This is the first report ofL. monocytogenesgenomics being used as part of an outbreak investigation of cattle abortion.
neoANT-HILL: an integrated tool for identification of potential neoantigens
Authors: Coelho Ana Carolina M. F. , Fonseca André L. , Martins Danilo L. , Lins Paulo B. R. , da Cunha Lucas M. , de Souza Sandro J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Cancer neoantigens have attracted great interest in immunotherapy due to their capacity to elicit antitumoral responses. These molecules arise from somatic mutations in cancer cells, resulting in alterations on the original protein. Neoantigens identification remains a challenging task due largely to a high rate of false-positives.

Results
We have developed an efficient and automated pipeline for the identification of potential neoantigens. neoANT-HILL integrates several immunogenomic analyses to improve neoantigen detection from Next Generation Sequence (NGS) data. The pipeline has been compiled in a pre-built Docker image such that minimal computational background is required for download and setup. NeoANT-HILL was applied in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) melanoma dataset and found several putative neoantigens including ones derived from the recurrent RAC1:P29S and SERPINB3:E250K mutations. neoANT-HILL was also used to identify potential neoantigens in RNA-Seq data with a high sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion
neoANT-HILL is a user-friendly tool with a graphical interface that performs neoantigens prediction efficiently. neoANT-HILL is able to process multiple samples, provides several binding predictors, enables quantification of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and considers RNA-Seq data for identifying potential neoantigens. The software is available through github at https://github.com/neoanthill/neoANT-HILL.
Neighbourhood-level deprivation indices and postpartum women’s health: results from the Community Child Health Network (CCHN) multi-site study
Authors:   for the Community Child Health Network (CCHN) of Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Kaufman-Shriqui Vered , O’Campo Patricia , Misir Vachan , Schafer Peter , Morinis Julia , Vance Maxine , Dunkel Schetter Christine , Raju Tonse N. K. , Hillemeier Marianne M. , Lanzi Robin , Chinchilli Vernon M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Area-level socioeconomic characteristics have been shown to be related to health status and mortality however, little is known about the association between residential community characteristics in relation to postpartum women’s health.

Methods
Data from the longitudinal, multi-site Community Child Health Network (CCHN) study were used. Postpartum women (n = 2510), aged 18–40 were recruited from 2008 to 2012 within a month of delivery. Socioeconomic data was used to create deprivation indices. Census data were analysed using principal components analysis (PCA) and logistic regression to assess the association between deprivation indices (DIs) and various health indicators.

Results
PCA resulted in two unique DIs that accounted for 67.5% of the total variance of the combined all-site area deprivation. The first DI was comprised of variables representing a high percentage of Hispanic or Latina, foreign-born individuals, dense households (more than one person per room of residence), with less than a high-school education, and who spent more than 30% of their income on housing costs. The second DI was comprised of a high percentage of African-Americans, single mothers, and high levels of unemployment. In a multivariate logistic regression model, using the quartiles of each DI, women who reside in the geographic area of Q4-Q2 of the second DI, were almost twice as likely to have more than three adverse health conditions compared to those who resided in the least deprived areas. (Q2vs.Q1:OR = 2.09,P = 0.001,Q3vs.Q1:OR = 1.89,P = 0.006,Q4vs.Q1:OR = 1.95,P = 0.004 respectively).

Conclusions
Our results support the utility of examining deprivation indices as predictors of maternal postpartum health.