bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foveated near-eye display for mixed reality using liquid crystal photonics
Authors: Lee Seungjae , Wang Mengfei , Li Gang , Lu Lu , Sulai Yusufu , Jang Changwon , Silverstein Barry 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFoveated near-eye display is one of the most promising approaches to deliver immersive experience of mixed reality. However, it is challenged to conceive a compact optical system. Here, we introduce a method to use polarization optics via liquid crystal photonics to improve the foveated display performance. We demonstrate a benchtop prototype of this idea. We implement and combine two display modules for peripheral and foveal visions. A peripheral display consists of a polarization selective lens (PSL) module, a polarization selective diffuser (PSD), and a slanted projection system. An 80$$^\circ$$

∘

diagonal field of view is achieved by on-axis optical configuration of the PSL module and the PSD. A foveal holographic display is composed of a spatial light modulator (SLM), a volume grating lens, and a microelectromechanical system mirror possibly in combination with a switchable polarization selective grating module. The holographic reconstruction using the SLM enables accurate focus cue generation and high resolution above 30 cycles per degree within 15$$^\circ$$

∘

by 15$$^\circ$$

∘

field of view. We explore and discuss the liquid crystal photonics in the prototype that has a novel optical design using volume gratings with polarization selectivity.
Rapid adulteration detection of cold pressed oils with their refined versions by UV–Vis spectroscopy
Authors: Popa Simona , Milea Marius Silviu , Boran Sorina , Nițu Sabina Violeta , Moșoarcă Giannin Emanuel , Vancea Cosmin , Lazău Radu Ioan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is the rapid detection of food pressed oils adulteration with their refined versions, using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The study investigates some common oil physico-chemical parameters such are: density, viscosity, refractive index, acid index, peroxide value, saponification index, to detect differences between cold pressed oils versus refined ones, for some food-grade oils found on Romanian market, as well as FT-IR spectroscopy and GC–MS analytical method, obtaining similar results to those presented in the literature data. The difference between some of the obtained results is not relevant for telling the cold-pressed oils from their refined version for adulteration investigation purpose. Colour analysis instead is a very good method to differentiate a cold pressed oil from a refined one. Taking this into account, the cold pressed oils and their refined versions were mixed in different proportions, and their colour properties were analyzed, obtaining linear dependences for a* and b* CIE L*a*b* parameters with cold pressed oil content in the mixture. Dependence equations were proposed.
Mitigation of cascading failures in complex networks
Authors: Smolyak Alex , Levy Orr , Vodenska Irena , Buldyrev Sergey , Havlin Shlomo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCascading failures in many systems such as infrastructures or financial networks can lead to catastrophic system collapse. We develop here an intuitive, powerful and simple-to-implement approach for mitigation of cascading failures on complex networks based on local network structure. We offer an algorithm to select critical nodes, the protection of which ensures better survival of the network. We demonstrate the strength of our approach compared to various standard mitigation techniques. We show the efficacy of our method on various network structures and failure mechanisms, and finally demonstrate its merit on an example of a real network of financial holdings.
Pax6 modulates intra-retinal axon guidance and fasciculation of retinal ganglion cells during retinogenesis
Authors: Lalitha Soundararajan , Basu Budhaditya , Surya Suresh , Meera Vadakkath , Riya Paul Ann , Parvathy Surendran , Das Ani Venmanad , Sivakumar Krishnankutty Chandrika , Nelson-Sathi Shijulal , James Jackson 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntra-retinal axon guidance involves a coordinated expression of transcription factors, axon guidance genes, and secretory molecules within the retina. Pax6, the master regulator gene, has a spatio-temporal expression typically restricted till neurogenesis and fate-specification. However, our observation of persistent expression of Pax6 in mature RGCs led us to hypothesize that Pax6 could play a major role in axon guidance after fate specification. Here, we found significant alteration in intra-retinal axon guidance and fasciculation upon knocking out of Pax6 in E15.5 retina. Through unbiased transcriptome profiling between Pax6fl/fl and Pax6−/− retinas, we revealed the mechanistic insight of its role in axon guidance. Our results showed a significant increase in the expression of extracellular matrix molecules and decreased expression of retinal fate specification and neuron projection guidance molecules. Additionally, we found that EphB1 and Sema5B are directly regulated by Pax6 owing to the guidance defects and improper fasciculation of axons. We conclude that Pax6 expression post fate specification of RGCs is necessary for regulating the expression of axon guidance genes and most importantly for maintaining a conducive ECM through which the nascent axons get guided and fasciculate to reach the optic disc.
Activation of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR35 by human milk oligosaccharides through different pathways
Authors: Foata Francis , Sprenger Norbert , Rochat Florence , Damak Sami 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNumerous benefits of breastfeeding over infant formula are fully established. The superiority of human milk over bovine milk-based formula is partly due to human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), a family of over 100 molecules present specifically and substantially in human milk that resemble mucosal glycans. To uncover novel physiological functions and pathways of HMOs, we screened a panel of 165 G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) using a blend of 6 HMOs (3′-O-sialyllactose (3′SL), 6′-O-sialyllactose (6′SL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neo-tetraose (LNnT), 2-O-fucosyllactose (2′FL), and difucosyllactose (diFL)), and followed up positive hits with standard receptor assays. The HMO blend specifically activated GPR35. LNT and 6′SL individually activated GPR35, and they showed synergy when used together. In addition, in vitro fermentation of infant stool samples showed that 2′FL upregulates the production of the GPR35 agonist kynurenic acid (KYNA) by the microbiota. LNT + 6′SL and KYNA showed additive activation of GPR35. Activation by 6′SL and LNT of GPR35, a receptor mediating attenuation of pain and colitis, is to our knowledge the first demonstration of GPCR activation by any HMO. In addition, we demonstrated a remarkable cooperation between nutrition and microbiota towards activation of a host receptor highlighting the close interplay between environment and host-microbe interactions.
PD-L1 expression is a promising predictor of survival in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma undergoing pemetrexed maintenance therapy
Authors: Qin Yi , Jiang Lili , Yu Min , Li Yanying , Zhou Xiaojuan , Wang Yongsheng , Gong Youling , Peng Feng , Zhu Jiang , Liu Yongmei , Xu Yong , Zhou Lin , Lu You , Huang Meijuan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to identify potential predictive factors for the survival of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients undergoing pemetrexed maintenance therapy. 122 advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients who received pemetrexed maintenance therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan–Meier method with Log-rank test was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were performed to evaluate prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Bivariate correlation analysis was used for exploratory purpose. For the whole cohort of 122 patients, median PFS was 11.97 months (95% CI 10.611–13.329) and estimated median OS was 45.07 months (95% CI 31.690–58.450). The mPFS of ALK-positive patients was superior to negative patients (18.27 vs. 11.90 months; P  = 0.039). Patients with ECOG PS 0 (14.4 vs. 11.1 months; p = 0.040) and patients with single-organ metastasis (19.0 vs. 11.0 months; p = 0.014) had prolonged median PFS. Compared with the low PD-L1 expression group, PFS of high PD-L1 expression group were improved (13.6 vs. 11.1 months, p = 0.104, at 1% cut-off; 17.5 vs. 11.1 months, p = 0.009, at 10% cut-off; and 27.5 vs. 11.4 months, p = 0.005, at 50% cut-off). No differences were found between EGFR positive and negative patients. PD-L1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both PFS and OS times (PFS: HR, 0.175; P  = 0.001; OS: HR, 0.107; P  = 0.036). Bivariate correlation showed a significant positive correlation between PD-L1 expression and PFS (correlation coefficient R = 0.485, P  < 0.001). High PD-L1 expression could be a potential effective predictor for favorable survival of advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients undergoing pemetrexed maintenance therapy.
Near-field radiative heat transfer between high-temperature superconductors
Authors: Castillo-López S. G. , Pirruccio G. , Villarreal C. , Esquivel-Sirvent R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNear-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) management can be achieved using high-temperature superconductors. In this work, we present a theoretical study of the radiative heat transfer between two$$\hbox {YBa}_2\hbox {Cu}_3\hbox {O}_{6.95}$$YBa2Cu3O6.95(YBCO) slabs in three different scenarios: Both slabs either in the normal or superconducting state, and only one of them below the superconductor critical temperature$$T_c$$Tc. The radiative heat transfer is calculated using Rytov’s theory of fluctuating electrodynamics, while a two-fluid model describes the dielectric function of the superconducting materials. Our main result is the significant suppression of the NFRHT when one or both of the slabs are superconducting, which is explained in terms of the detailed balance of the charge carriers density together with the sudden reduction of the free electron scattering rate. A critical and unique feature affecting the radiative heat transfer between high-temperature superconductors is the large damping of the mid-infrared carriers which screens the surface plasmon excitation.
High-fat diet intensifies MLL-AF9-induced acute myeloid leukemia through activation of the FLT3 signaling in mouse primitive hematopoietic cells
Authors: Hermetet François , Mshaik Rony , Simonet John , Callier Patrick , Delva Laurent , Quéré Ronan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUsing a MLL-AF9 knock-in mouse model, we discovered that consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) accelerates the risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This regimen increases the clusterization of FLT3 within lipid rafts on the cell surface of primitive hematopoietic cells, which overactivates this receptor as well as the downstream JAK/STAT signaling known to enhance the transformation of MLL-AF9 knock-in cells. Treatment of mice on a HFD with Quizartinib, a potent inhibitor of FLT3 phosphorylation, inhibits the JAK3/STAT3, signaling and finally antagonizes the accelerated development of AML that occurred following the HFD regimen. We can therefore conclude that, on a mouse model of AML, a HFD enforces the FLT3 signaling pathway on primitive hematopoietic cells and, in turn, improves the oncogenic transformation of MLL-AF9 knock-in cells and the leukemia initiation.
Lung and fissure shape is associated with age in healthy never-smoking adults aged 20–90 years
Authors: Osanlouy Mahyar , Clark Alys R. , Kumar Haribalan , King Clair , Wilsher Margaret L. , Milne David G. , Whyte Ken , Hoffman Eric A. , Tawhai Merryn H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLung shape could hold prognostic information for age-related diseases that affect lung tissue mechanics. We sought to quantify mean lung shape, its modes of variation, and shape associations with lung size, age, sex, and Body Mass Index (BMI) in healthy subjects across a seven-decade age span. Volumetric computed tomography from 83 subjects (49 M/34 F, BMI $$24.7 \pm 2.7$$

24.7
±
2.7

) was used to derive two statistical shape models using a principal component analysis. One model included, and the other controlled for, lung volume. Volume made the strongest contribution to shape when it was included. Shape had a strong relationship with age but not sex when volume was controlled for, and BMI had only a small but significant association with shape. The first principal shape mode was associated with decrease in the antero-posterior dimension from base to apex. In older subjects this was rapid and obvious, whereas younger subjects had relatively more constant dimension. A shift of the fissures of both lungs in the basal direction was apparent for the older subjects, consistent with a change in tissue elasticity with age. This study suggests a quantifiable structure-function relationship for the healthy adult lung that can potentially be exploited as a normative description against which abnormal can be compared.
Appropriate usage of food thickening agents to prevent non-disintegration of magnesium oxide tablets
Authors: Matsuo Taisuke , Sato Airi , Kudo Kenzo , Sadzuka Yasuyuki , Tomita Takashi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFood thickening agents are used to aid the administration of medicine to elderly patients with dysphagia. Magnesium oxide tablets are sometimes administered with food thickening agents. Non-disintegration and disintegration delay of these tablets in the body are problems associated with food thickening agent use. However, the appropriate usage of food thickening agents for administering tablets is not established. Here, the reasons for the non-disintegration of magnesium oxide tablets administered with food thickeners and appropriate usage of food thickeners were examined using a disintegration test of newly opened and moisture-absorbed magnesium oxide tablets. Immersion of magnesium oxide tablets for 10 and 30 min in xanthan and guar gum-based food thickening agents caused disintegration delay and non-disintegration in the first fluid (pH 1.2). However, tablets immersed for 1 min quickly disintegrated. The disintegration of xanthan gum-based food thickening agents was faster than guar gum-based food thickening agents. Moisture absorption by magnesium oxide tablets caused a significant delay in their disintegration in water. The tablets that absorbed moisture disintegrated within 1 min in the first fluid, even when immersed in food thickening agents for a short time. Overall, a short immersion of magnesium oxide tablets in food thickening agents can avoid non-disintegration.
A multicenter study of the distribution pattern of posterior corneal astigmatism in Chinese myopic patients having corneal refractive surgery
Authors: Hu Yijun , Zhu Shanqing , Xiong Lu , Fang Xuejun , Liu Jia , Zhou Jin , Li Fangfang , Zhang Qingsong , Huang Na , Lei Xiaohua , Jiang Li , Wang Zheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIncluding posterior corneal astigmatism (PCA) into consideration may increase the accuracy of astigmatism correction after corneal refractive surgery. In the present study we aim to investigate the distribution pattern of PCA in a large number of myopic patients from multiple ophthalmic centers. There were 7829 eyes retrospectively included in the study. Pentacam data of the eyes were retrieved from the machine and only results with image quality labelled with ‘OK’ were included. Distribution of PCA was slightly positively skewed (Skewness = 0.419, Kurtosis = 0.435, KS P < 0.0001). Mean PCA was 0.34 ± 0.14 D (range: 0.00 D-0.99 D). PCA was ≥ 0.25 D in 74.91% of the eyes and was ≥ 0.50 D in 11.61% of the eyes. In 97.55% of the eyes the steep meridian of PCA was vertical (SMV). PCA magnitude was significantly higher in eyes with SMV PCA (P < 0.0001) or high manifest astigmatism (MA, P < 0.0001). There was a significant correlation between anterior corneal astigmatism (ACA) magnitude and PCA magnitude in all of the eyes (r = 0.704, P < 0.0001). There was also a trend of decreasing frequency and magnitude of SMV PCA with aging (both P < 0.0001). In conclusion, PCA is present in myopic patients having corneal refractive surgery and PCA magnitude is increased with higher MA or ACA. Consideration of the impact of PCA on laser astigmatism correction may be necessary.
Orientation of L4 coronal tilt relative to C7 plumb line as a predictor for postoperative coronal imbalance in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis
Authors: Zhang Jiandang , Wang Zheng , Chi Pengfei , Chi Cheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe study design is case–control. To evaluate the impact of preoperative coronal patterns based on the relationship between orientation of L4 coronal tilt and C7 plumb line on immediate postoperative coronal imbalance in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) patients. Although lumbosacral fractional curve has been long stressed in correction surgery of DLS, there is paucity of literature focusing on preoperative coronal pattern based on the relationship between orientation of L4 coronal tilt and C7 plumb line and its impact on immediate postoperative coronal imbalance in DLS patients. A consecutive series of DLS patients who underwent deformity correction surgery via posterior-only approach were reviewed. According to the relationship between orientation of L4 coronal tilt and C7 plumb line preoperatively, a total of 77 DLS patients who underwent posterior spinal corrective surgery were classified into: 1. Coronal consistency pattern, L4 coronally tilts toward C7 plumb line; 2. Coronal opposition pattern, L4 coronally tilts opposite C7 plumb line. Coronal imbalance was defined as global coronal malalignment (GCM) on either side more than or equal to 20 mm. Whole-spine standing radiographs of both pattern groups were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. There were 37 patients with coronal consistency pattern and 40 patients with coronal opposition pattern. Compared to patients with coronal opposition pattern, patients with coronal consistency pattern had significantly higher postoperative GCM (P = 0.028), lower amount of GCM correction (P = 0.013) and higher incidence of postoperative coronal imbalance (P = 0.001); further logistic regression analysis revealed coronal consistency pattern was associated with increased odds of postoperative coronal imbalance (odds ratio: 5.981; 95% confidence interval 2.029–17.633; P = 0.001). DLS patients with preoperative coronal consistency pattern carried greater risk for immediate postoperative coronal imbalance following posterior long correction surgery.Level of evidence 3
Ageing state identification and analysis of AC 500 kV XLPE submarine cable based on high‐voltage frequency dielectric response
Authors: Dai Xize , Hao Jian , Jian Zheng , Gao Zhen , Cheng Jialu , Zheng Xinlong 
Published: September 2020

Carrying out the insulation condition measurement and analysis is important for the safe operation of the submarine cable. In this study, the high‐voltage frequency dielectric response is used to identify the ageing state of the AC 500 kV cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) submarine cable. The complex capacitance and tanδ in the low‐frequency area for the new, thermal ageing, electro‐thermal ageing cable all increase with the testing voltage increased from 200 to 2000 V. It is founded that the dielectric response at high voltage is more likely to detect the ageing differences. Based on the carbonyl index and the dielectric loss of the XLPE specimens at different position of the insulation layer, the non‐uniform ageing phenomenon of the cable insulation is presented for the thermal ageing and electro‐thermal ageing cable. The loss quantity parameter and its changing behaviour with testing voltage based on the frequency dielectric response could be used to identify the ageing state. The comparison of the modified Cole–Cole model parameter under 200 and 2000 V also indicates that the higher voltage dielectric response is helpful to identify the ageing differences.
Overview of the OECD-NEA Working Party on International Nuclear Data Evaluation Cooperation (WPEC)
Authors: Fleming M. , Bernard D. , Brown D. , Chadwick M. , de Saint Jean C. , Dupont E. , Ge Z. , Harada H. , Hawari A. , Herman M. , Iwamoto O. , Kodeli I. , Koning A. , Malvagi F. , McNabb D. , Mills R.W. , Noguère G. , Palmiotti G. , Plompen A. , Salvatores M. , Sobes V. , White M. , Yokoyama K. 
Published: September 2020

The OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) Working Party on International Nuclear Data Evaluation Cooperation (WPEC) was established in 1989 to facilitate collaboration in nuclear data activities. Over its thirty year history, different Subgroups have been created to address topics in nearly every aspect of nuclear data, including: experimental measurements, evaluation, validation, model development, quality assurance of databases and the development of software tools.WPEC has recently completed activities on fission yield evaluation, the general nuclear database structure (GNDS) to replace the ENDF-6 format, methods to provide feedback to evaluation, studies of specific capture cross sections, new methods in thermal scattering kernel evaluation and the Collaborative International Evaluated Library Organisation (CIELO) Pilot Project. Ongoing activities in GNDS application programming interface (API) development, methods for covariance evaluation and quality assurance in nuclear data validation using the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP) database are complemented by the work of two Expert Groups that oversee the High-Priority Request List (HPRL) for Nuclear Data and the continuous development of the GNDS. New activities on the use of integral experiments for nuclear data validation and adjustment, as well as the use of the Shielding Integral Benchmark Archive and Database (SINBAD) for validation have begun and will be coordinated alongside future Subgroups.After three decades we will review the status of WPEC, how it integrates other collections and activities organised by the NEA and how it dovetails with the initiatives of the IAEA and other bodies to effectively coordinate international activities in nuclear data.