bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving objective response in treatment of non-resectable neuroendocrine tumors does not predict longer time to progression compared to achieving stable disease
Authors: Thiis-Evensen Espen , Poole Amalie Christine , Nguyen Hong-Thien Thi , Sponheim Jon 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
There are several treatment modalities for unresectable neuroendocrine tumors. Traditionally, the aim of these treatments has been to reduce the tumor load; referred to as objective response (OR). Less emphasis has been put on inducing the tumors to stop growing without a reduction in total tumor load; termed as stable disease (SD). We wanted to investigate whether achieving OR compared to obtaining SD predicted a longer time to progression (TTP) in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (WHO Grade 1 and 2) treated with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, chemotherapy or molecular targeted therapy.

Methods
Patients treated with either peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with 177Lutetium-DOTA-octreotate, the chemotherapy combination streptozotocin/5-fluorouracil or everolimus were retrospectively assessed to evaluate the effect of the treatments on disease progression. We analyzed the TTP for patients for each treatment modality and compared the TTP between those who achieved OR and those who achieved SD.

Results
Altogether 56 patients treated with PRRT, 32 treated with streptozotocin/5-fluorouracil and 52 treated with everolimus were included in the analyses. The median TTP for those treated with PRRT and achieving OR was 31 months, the TTP for those achieving SD was 43 months (p = 0,2). For patients treated with streptozotocin/5-fluorouracil the results were: OR: 18 months, SD: 23 months (p = 0,9) and for those treated with everolimus; OR: 9 months, SD: 20 months (p = 0,5), respectively. We found no differences between patients achieving OR compared to SD regarding age, sex, stage, primary tumor location, Ki-67% or ongoing treatment with somatostatin analogues.

Conclusions
We found no treatment benefit with regard to TTP for our patients that experienced OR compared to those who achieved SD.
Prognostic impact of Dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1) in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Tsuyoshi Hideaki , Orisaka Makoto , Fujita Yuko , Asare-Werehene Meshach , Tsang Benjamin K. , Yoshida Yoshio 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The mitochondrial fission protein, Dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1), and its upstream protein calcium/calmodulin–dependent protein kinase I (CaMKI) play a critical role in chemoresistance in ovarian cancer (OVCA). Thus, we examined the expression of Drp1, CaMKI and their phosphorylated forms and their prognostic impact in epithelial OVCA patients.

Methods
Expression analysis was performed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) of paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 49 patients with epithelial OVCA. Staining intensity and the percentage of positively stained tumor cells were used to calculate an immunoreactive score (IRS) of 0–12. The expression scores calculated were correlated with clinicopathological parameters and patient survival.

Results
High immunoreactivity of phospho-Drp1Ser637 was significantly correlated with high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) (p = 0.034), residual postoperative tumor of > 1 cm (p = 0.006), and non-responders to adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.007), whereas high expression of CaMKI was significantly correlated with stage III/IV [International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (FIGO)] (p = 0.011) and platinum-resistant recurrence (p = 0.030). ROC curve analysis showed that Drp1, phospho-Drp1Ser637 and CaMKI could significantly detect tumor progression with 0.710, 0.779, and 0.686 of area under the curve (AUC), respectively. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that patients with high Drp1, phospho-Drp1Ser637 and CaMKI levels had significantly poorer progression free survival (PFS) (p = 0.003, p < 0.001 and p = 0.017, respectively). Using multivariate analyses, phospho-Drp1Ser637 was significantly associated with PFS [p = 0.043, hazard ratio (HR) 3.151, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.039–9.561].

Conclusions
Drp1 and CaMKI are novel potential candidates for the detection and prognosis of epithelial OVCA and as such further studies should be performed to exploit their therapeutic significance.
Radial peripapillary capillary density in superior segmental optic hypoplasia measured with OCT angiography
Authors: Abe Maiko , Omodaka Kazuko , Kikawa Tsutomu , Nakazawa Toru 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To investigate the diagnostic power of radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) density, measured with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), in patients with superior segmental optic hypoplasia (SSOH).

Methods
Forty subjects with SSOH and 40 age- and axial length-matched control subjects were retrospectively registered for this study. SSOH was defined as intraocular pressure less than 21 mmHg with the presence of two of the following: superior rim thinning, superior entrance of the central retinal artery, scleral halo, and pale optic disc; as well as non-progressive visual field loss. RPC density was measured with swept-source OCT-A (Triton, Topcon) overall, in the quadrants, and in the 12 clock-wise sectors. Changes in RPC density were also compared in SSOH patients and age-matched patients with mild- or moderate-stage of glaucoma. RPC density was compared in pairs of groups with Welch’s t-test. Diagnostic power was assessed with the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC).

Results
Overall cpRNFLT was significantly different in the normal (106.7 ± 9.5 μm) and SSOH (77.2 ± 13.7 μm, p <  0.001) subjects. RPC density overall and in the superior, nasal, and inferior quadrants was significantly lower in the SSOH group (all, p <  0.001), but not in the temporal (p = 0.756) quadrant. The diagnostic power of RPC density was highest in the superior quadrant (AUC = 0.928) and the 1 o’clock sector (0.896). Comparing the SSOH and glaucoma patients showed that there were no significant differences in RPC density either overall (p = 0.391) or in the superior quadrant (p = 0.268), while RPC density was significantly higher in the inferior (p = 0.005) and temporal quadrants (p <  0.001) and lower in the nasal quadrant (p = 0.029).

Conclusions
Low RPC density was found in the three non-temporal quadrants of the optic nerve head in SSOH patients, in comparison to normal subjects. Regionally, RPC density in SSOH was lower in the nasal quadrant and higher in the inferior and temporal quadrants in comparison to glaucoma patients. Measuring RPC density with OCT-A may help the diagnosis of SSOH and may improve the management of glaucoma.
Structural profile of dome-shaped macula in degenerative myopia and its association with macular disorders
Authors: Lee Geun Woo , Kim Jae Hui , Kang Se Woong , Kim Jaeryung 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the detailed structural profile of dome-shaped macula and its association with myopic macular complications.

Methods
This retrospective study included 147 eyes of 93 patients who were diagnosed with degenerative myopia. The height of the scleral dome and diameter of the dome base were measured via enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography images with 1:1 μm setting. Spherical equivalent and best-corrected visual acuity were compared in eyes with and without dome-shaped macula. In eyes with dome-shaped macula, the height and diameter of the dome were compared in eyes with and without myopic macular complications including choroidal neovascularization, myopic foveoschisis, and macular hole.

Results
Dome-shaped macula was noted in 60 eyes (40.8%) of 42 patients. The mean height of the dome in the eyes with dome-shaped macula was 126.5 ± 69.4 μm (53 to 345 μm) and the mean diameter of the dome base was 2862.1 ± 794.9 μm (1567 μm to 4886 μm). In comparing eyes with and without dome-shaped macula, eyes with dome-shaped macula had higher myopia (− 13.7 diopters vs − 12.1 diopters, P = 0.022). There was no difference in visual acuity in eyes with or without dome-shaped macula (P = 0.132). The height and diameter of the dome in eyes with and without myopic foveoschisis were 78.6 ± 20.6 μm and 134.9 ± 71.6 μm, 2499.2 ± 303.1 μm and 2969.3 ± 645.7 μm, respectively (P = 0.009 and P = 0.017). However, the height and diameter of the dome were not related to the incidence of a macular hole (P = 0.324 and P = 0.605) and choroidal neovascularization (P = 0.835 and P = 0.905).

Conclusions
The prevalence of dome-shaped macula was about 40% in the eyes with degenerative myopia. Although dome-shaped macula was associated with higher degrees of myopia, a prominent dome seemed to be protective against myopic foveoschisis.
C reactive protein elevation among children or among mothers’ of children with autism during pregnancy, a review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nadeem Rashid , Hussain Tamseela , Sajid Hassan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate if children with ASD, or mothers of ASD children have elevated CRP during pregnancy.

Background
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuro developmental disorder with incidence of 1 in 68 children occur in all racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups. Economic burden between $11.5 billion - $60.9 billion and family average medical expenditures of $4110–$6200 per year. Conflicting evidence exist about role of maternal CRP during pregnancy with ASD child.

Methods
Searches on database; Pubmed, Medline, Embase and google scholar using key words; C reactive protein (CRP), Maternal CRP, ASD, autism, autistic disorder, Inflammation. All English-language studies published between 1960 and 2019 pertaining to CRP and ASD. All Studies which provided data on CRP levels during pregnancy (mCRP) of Mothers of offsprings with ASD and (mCRP) of mothers of normal subjects were selected. Data were extracted in the form of odd ratios of having high mCRP in mothers of children with ASD versus mCRP of mothers of normal controls. Since these odd ratios were adjusted, therefore no Meta regression were attempted. Significant heterogeneity was found; therefore, random effect model was employed.

Results
Review of CRP levels in children with ASD showed higher level in children with ASD than control, although different methodology and absence of numerical data did not allow metanalysis. Regarding mCRP and ASD, three studies were identified that provide data on mCRP and ASD. Four datasets were created from these 3 studies as the study by Zerbo et al. provided data in 2 subsets. Total number of subjects were 5258 (Brown, N = 677, Zerbo = 416, Koks = 4165) extracted data from these studies was pooled for analysis. Random effect model was employed and substantial heterogeneity among the studies was observed 11. Mothers of children with ASD have adjusted Odd ratio of 1.02 (0.948 to 1.103, I2 = 75, P = 0.558) to have high mCRP comparing mothers of control.

Conclusion
Mothers of children with ASD appear not to have elevated CRP during pregnancy. Children with ASD appear to have higher levels of CRP levels.
Disability and severe depression among Peruvian older adults: analysis of the Peru Demographic and Family Health Survey, ENDES 2017
Authors: Barboza Joshuan J. , Soriano-Moreno Anderson N. , Copez-Lonzoy Anthony , Pacheco-Mendoza Josmel , Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Depression is considered a mental health-related disability that affects approximately 350 million people worldwide. On the other hand, it is estimated that 15% of the world’s population lives with some form of disability, and this scenario is currently riddled with the global burden of mental disorders, non-communicable diseases and other age-related comorbidities.

Aim
To assess the association between disability and depression among Peruvian older adults.

Methods
We used data from the 2017 Peru Demographic and Familiar Health Survey, with a focus on adults aged 50 years and older. Whereas the presence of disability was assessed using different questions of the survey, depression was measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). We calculated the adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) using Poisson regression models with log link function, with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).

Results
From the study population, 5% had a disability. In addition, 43.3% were screened positive for depression (13.2% for moderately severe/severe). After adjusting for confounding variables, disability was associated with moderate and severe depression (aPR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01–1.11, aPR: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.05–1.15).

Conclusion
Disability was positively associated with moderate and severe depression. Public health policies should address the early diagnosis and rehabilitation of patients with any of these problems. Likewise, coping strategies should be promoted among families of persons with disabilities.
Suicidal ideation, psychopathology and associated factors among HIV-infected adults in Indonesia
Authors: Ophinni Youdiil , Adrian  , Siste Kristiana , Wiwie Martina , Anindyajati Gina , Hanafi Enjeline , Damayanti Reza , Hayashi Yoshitake 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Suicidal behavior is a prevalent psychiatric emergency in HIV-infected adults. Detection of suicidal ideation is important in planning early psychiatric intervention and optimizing HIV/AIDS management. Characterization of suicidal ideation among HIV-infected adults is crucial; however, practically there is no data in Indonesia, the country with the second largest burden of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Asia. This study aims to identify suicidal ideation and analyze the associated psychopathology and determining factors among HIV-infected adults in Indonesia.

Methods
An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected adults aged 18–65 years old receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Measurement using Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was performed to assess the existing psychopathology. Firth’s penalized logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation.

Results
A total of 86 subjects were recruited. Most subjects were male (65.1%), median age was 35 years, and median latest CD4 count was 463 cells/μl. Lifetime suicidal ideation was identified in 20 subjects (23.3%). Mean SCL-90 T-score for depressive and anxiety symptoms were both significantly higher among subjects with suicidal ideation (M = 60.75, SD = 12.0, p = 0.000 and M = 57.9, SD = 2.8, p = 0.001, respectively) compared to those without. Bivariate analyses showed that lifetime suicidal ideation was associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms, non-marital status, CD4 count < 500 cells/μl, and efavirenz use. Multivariate analysis identified that a single-point increase in SCL-90 depression symptoms score (AOR 1.16, 95% CI 4.5–123.6, p = 0.000) and efavirenz use (AOR 5.00, 95% CI 1.02–24.6, p = 0.048) were significant independent factors related to suicidal ideation.

Conclusion
Suicidal ideation is commonly found among Indonesian HIV-infected adults on ART. Depressive symptoms and efavirenz use are independent factors related to the presence of suicidal ideation. Thus, early screening of psychopathology as well as substitution of efavirenz with other ART regiment are recommended to prevent suicide and improve HIV/AIDS management outcome.
Metabolic syndrome associated with the onset of depressive symptoms among women but not men in rural Northeast China
Authors: Yu Shasha , Guo Xiaofan , Li Guang Xiao , Yang Hongmei , Zheng Liqiang , Sun Yingxian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The present study aimed to assess the cumulative incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD) among rural Chinese residents. Furthermore, we intended to estimate whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) was associated with MDD by both cross-sectional and prospective analysis.

Method
Data of 11,675 residents (46.3% men) was used for cross-sectional analysis. The residents were followed up with median 4.66 years. MDD was diagnosed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The data of 2796 individuals without any depressive symptoms was used for prospective analysis.

Result
With median of 4.66 years follow-up, the cumulative incidence of MDD among rural residents was 3.9%. Women had significantly higher cumulative incidence of MDD than men (5.3% for women and 2.9% for men, P < 0.01). The incidence of MDD was significantly higher among women with MetS (7.3% vs. 3.8%, P < 0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (7.0% vs. 4.5%, P < 0.001) or elevated blood pressure (6.4% vs. 3.4%, P < 0.001) at baseline compared with those without them. There was no incidence difference of MDD among men with or without baseline metabolic disorders. In prospective study, after adjusting possible confounders, baseline MetS was associated with higher incidence of MDD (OR: 1.82, 95%CI: 1.01, 3.27, P = 0.045) in women but not men (OR: 1.84, 95%CI: 0.88, 3.83, P = 0.104).

Conclusion
Cumulative incidence of MDD in rural China was higher among women than among men. Baseline MetS was associated with higher cumulative incidence of MDD in women but not men. More concern should be put on women with MetS in case of onset depressive symptom in future.
Potential trauma events and the psychological consequences for Yazidi women after ISIS captivity
Authors: Kizilhan Jan Ilhan , Friedl Nadine , Neumann Johanna , Traub Leonie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Traumatic war experiences, like the ones the Yazidi had to undergo due to the attack of the so-called Islamic State (ISIS) in August 2014, are often followed by psychological consequences such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. A more detailed analysis of such specific survivor groups is needed, to develop and implement appropriate reparation and support measures.

Methods
In this study, 194 Yazidi women were examined. PTSD was assessed using the Essen Trauma Inventory (ETI) and depression using Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-II). The potential traumatic event (PTE) and further influential factors were compared between participants with PTSD and those with PTSD and depression, using inferential statistics.

Results
Panticipants showed high rates in prevalence and comorbidity for PTSD and depression. Those diagnosed with comorbid PTSD and depression experienced a higher number of PTEs and had been captured more often and for longer compared to those with PTSD. The number of PTEs experienced was then used to predict comorbid PTSD and depression.

Conclusion
Further research should consider the specific situation and the cultural expression of the Yazidi.
Comparison of child abuse history in patients with and without functional abdominal pain: a case-control study
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Mojtaba , Yousefichaijan Parsa , Salehi Bahman , Almasi-Hashiani Amir , Rafiei Mohammad , Zahedi Sima , Khedmati Morasae Esmaeil , Maghsoudlou Fereshteh 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are ranked first amongst medical diseases as a trigger of requests for mental health counselling. Child abuse has been regarded as one of the main causes of the development of functional abdominal pain (FAP) in children. This study aimed, therefore, to compare the prevalence of child abuse experience among two groups of patients with and without FAP.

Methods
A case-control study of children in Arak, Iran, in which experience of child abuse was compared in children with (n = 100) and without functional abdominal pain (n = 100). Three categories of child abuse - emotional abuse, physical abuse, and neglect - were assessed using the Child Abuse Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Stata software.

Results
After adjusting for potential confounders, there were group differences in emotional abuse (96% vs. 81%, aOR = 5.13, 95% CI: 1.3–20.3, p = 0.017), neglect (28% vs. 8%, aOR = 4.27, 95% CI: 1.8–11.8, p = 0.001) and total child abuse score (98% vs. 84%, aOR = 8.2, 95% CI: 1.5–43.8, p = 0.014) but not in physical abuse (57% vs. 46%, aOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 0.81–2.60, p = 0.728).

Conclusions
As the prevalence of child abuse is higher in patients with FAP, child abuse appears to be related to the occurrence of FAP in children. However, the results of this study cannot be generalized to Iranian society generally and further longitudinal studies are recommended.
The relation between dietary intakes and psychological disorders in Iranian adults: a population-based study
Authors: Sangsefidi Zohreh Sadat , Mirzaei Masoud , Hosseinzadeh Mahdieh 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous studies showed an association between dietary intakes and psychological disorders. This study aimed to assess the association between dietary intakes and psychiatric disorders in Iran.

Methods
In this cross sectional research, the data on 9965 adults were extracted from enrollment phase of Yazd Health Study (YaHS); a population-based cohort study on Iranian adults which was conducted during 2014 to 2016. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, tobacco use, history of chronic disease, and dietary assessment were collected using a validated researcher-made questionnaire. Moreover, anthropometric measurement was conducted. Psychological and physical activity assessments were also performed by depression, anxiety and stress scale questionnaire (DASS 21 items) and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) respectively. Finally, multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate relation between dietary intakes and psychological disorders.

Results
After adjusting for the confounders, egg (depression: OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.52–0.98; anxiety: OR = 0.72, CI: 0.55–0.94), fruits (depression: OR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.82; anxiety: OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53–0.91), milk (depression: OR = 0.72, CI: 0.58–0.89; anxiety: OR = 0.73, CI: 0.61–0.87), and yogurt (depression: OR = 0.67, CI: 0.47–0.97; anxiety: OR = 0.54, CI: 0.4–0.73) were found to have protective effects on depression and anxiety. Higher fish consumption was associated with greater depression odds (OR = 1.54, CI: 1.18–2.04). Vegetables’ intake had an inverse relationship with anxiety (OR = 0.74, CI = 0.58–0.93) and stress (OR = 0.59, CI: 0.42–0.82). Fruits (OR = 0.6, CI: 0.43–0.85) and milk consumption (OR: 0.61, CI: 0.47–0.77) were found to have protective effects on stress.

Conclusions
Egg, fruits, milk, yogurt, and vegetables’ consumption had an inverse relationship with psychiatric disorders; whereas, higher fish intake was associated with higher depression chance. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.