bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PO-20: Molecular characterization of a mouse model of peripheral T-cell lymphoma with Tfh and Th2 features
Authors: Kuczynski Elizabeth , Morlino Giulia , Peter Alison , Calado Dinis , Sinclair Charles , Carnevalli Larissa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies with an aggressive clinical course. Molecular and immunophenotypic analysis have linked PTCL subgroups to derivation from differentiated T cells, including T follicular helper (Tfh), Th1, and Th2 cells. Effective therapies for these PTCLs are undefined and tumor models are limited. We developed a novel mouse model of PTCL and applied it to evaluate responses to therapy. An in vivo transplantable cell line was isolated by passaging a splenic lymphoma arising from a mouse with B cell-specific Blimp1-deletion (Cγ1-Cre Blimp1fl/fl) into C57bl/6J mice. Lymphomas were profiled by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, RNA, and exome sequencing. Mice intravenously inoculated with lymphoma cells developed disseminated disease affecting primarily lymphoid tissues and the liver. Model latency to welfare endpoint was 3-4 weeks. Transplantable cells expressed multiple T-cell lineage markers, were CD8 negative and CD4 positive, but gradually downregulated CD4 with passaging. Lymphoma cells (“mPTCL”) also expressed a single TCRvβ chain, suggesting origin from a T helper cell clone. Immunophenotypically, mPTCL stably expressed Tfh markers ICOS, PD-1, CD40L, and low BCL6, and thus was potentially classifiable as a surrogate PTCL of Tfh phenotype. However, the transcriptome of purified mPTCL or spleens indicated a resemblance to Th2 cells and corresponding PTCL-GATA3 subtype (a PTCL-not otherwise specified). In accord with Tfh and Th2 helper function, B cells in the tumor microenvironment had an activated phenotype but were nonexpansive. Investigation into oncogenic pathways in mPTCL revealed a predicted deleterious mutation in Ctnnb1 (β-catenin) and enrichment for Myc-activated, cell cycle regulation, and DNA damage response genes. In vivo, mPTCL progression was significantly and potently delayed by monotherapy inhibition of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR), a kinase central to resolving replication stress. Taken together, we established a novel model of PTCL with overlapping Tfh and Th2 features. Our findings in this model suggest the use of a DNA damage response inhibitor as a potential treatment strategy for aggressive PTCL-GATA3 lymphomas.
Citation Format: Elizabeth Kuczynski, Giulia Morlino, Alison Peter, Dinis Calado, Charles Sinclair, Larissa Carnevalli. Molecular characterization of a mouse model of peripheral T-cell lymphoma with Tfh and Th2 features [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma; 2020 Aug 17-19. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2020;1(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-20.
Abstract PO-21: Investigating the role of exosomes derived from chemotherapy-resistant leukemia cells as mediators of cellular plasticity
Authors: Garnica Taismara , Lesbon Jéssika , Rochetti Arina , Payton Chantell , Muirhead Rhona , Pang Lisa , Argyle David , da Silveira Juliano , Fukumasu Heidge 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a type of cancer with aggressive and rapid progression and has been linked to infection with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Standard treatment consists of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and stem-cell transplant, but the development of chemoresistance is common. Despite major advances in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease, patients who do not respond or achieve only transient responses remain a challenge for clinicians. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (30-150 nm in diameter) involved in intercellular communication and biologic material transference (including mRNA, miRNA, lipids, and metabolites) between the cells. Exosomes are an emerging key to understanding cancer cell communication and signaling pathway activation during the chemoresistance process. Our hypothesis is that exosomes secreted by chemoresistant (CR) ATLL cells can drive phenotypic changes in nonresistant ATLL cells. For this purpose, we induced chemoresistance using the CHOP protocol (dexamethasone, doxorubicin, and vincristine cocktail) in Jurkat cells (human acute T-cell leukemia/lymphoma). We determined IC50 values as 1 nM of dexamethasone, 0.05 μM of doxorubicin, and 1 nM of vincristine. Acquisition of chemoresistance was demonstrated by increased cell viability after treatment using IC50 of drugs cocktail. We found that Jurkat-CR have slower doubling time compared to respective naïve cells, 26 hours and 21 hours to CR-Jurkat and naïve, respectively. Exosomes derived from the putative chemoresistant were isolated and used to treat their respective naïve cells. There was an increase in cell proliferation after the exosome's treatment comparing to control for Jurkat (P&lt;0.0035). However, there was no difference in proliferation comparing the treatment using exosomes derived from naïve cells and those derived from CR cells (P=0.91). The cell proliferation was higher after 78 hours of exosomes' treatment (P&lt;0.001). Those results are preliminary data. Despite the differences in proliferation related to exosomes treatment, further experiments are required to prove our initial hypothesis.
Citation Format: Taismara Garnica, Jéssika Lesbon, Arina Rochetti, Chantell Payton, Rhona Muirhead, Lisa Pang, David Argyle, Juliano da Silveira, Heidge Fukumasu. Investigating the role of exosomes derived from chemotherapy-resistant leukemia cells as mediators of cellular plasticity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma; 2020 Aug 17-19. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2020;1(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-21.
Abstract PO-22: Compromised counterselection by FAS creates a lethal subtype of germinal center lymphoma
Authors: Razzaghi Raud , Agarwal Shreya , Kotlov Nikita , Plotnikova Olga , Nomie Krystle , Huang Da Wei , Wright George W. , Li Moyi , Takata Katsuyoshi , Yao Chen , O'Shea John J. , Phelan James D. , Pittaluga Stefania , Scott David W. , Muppidi Jagan R. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Fas is highly expressed on germinal center (GC) B cells, and mutations of FAS have been reported in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL); however, the function of Fas in the GC remains controversial. Although GC-derived DLBCL has better overall outcomes to therapy than other DLBCL types, some cases are refractory and the molecular basis for this is often unknown. We show that Fas is a strong cell-intrinsic regulator of GC B cells that promotes B-cell death in the light zone likely via T follicular helper (Tfh) cell-derived Fas ligand. In the absence of Fas, GCs were more clonally diverse due to an accumulation of cells that did not demonstrably bind antigen. We found that FAS alterations occurred most commonly in the GC-derived genetic subtype of DLBCL, EZB. FAS alterations in EZB were associated with inferior outcomes and an enrichment of Tfh cells. Alterations in FAS co-occurred with deficiency in HVEM and PD-1 ligands that regulate the Tfh-B cell interaction and were associated with increased diversity of B-cell receptor variable genes across samples. This work shows that Fas is critically required for GC homeostasis and suggests that loss of Tfh-mediated counterselection in the GC contributes to lethality in a distinct subtype of GC-derived lymphoma.
Citation Format: Raud Razzaghi, Shreya Agarwal, Nikita Kotlov, Olga Plotnikova, Krystle Nomie, Da Wei Huang, George W. Wright, Moyi Li, Katsuyoshi Takata, Chen Yao, John J. O'Shea, James D. Phelan, Stefania Pittaluga, David W. Scott, Jagan R. Muppidi. Compromised counterselection by FAS creates a lethal subtype of germinal center lymphoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma; 2020 Aug 17-19. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2020;1(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-22.
Abstract PO-29: Conserved and unique transcriptional programs in human and canine non-Hodgkin lymphomas inform the judicious applications for the spontaneous canine model of disease
Authors: Sarver Aaron L. , Modiano Jaime F. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) represent a diverse group of tumors that are common in both humans and dogs. Extensive work has documented driver genes and inferred the cell of origin for many subtypes of human NHL, and emerging data suggest that the driver events are distinct for the corresponding subtypes of canine NHL. This raises important questions about how and when spontaneous canine NHLs can or should be considered as models for human NHLs. Here, we show the application of bioinformatics tools that allow us to systematically reduce the dimensionality of complex transcriptional patterns across independent datasets, platforms, and species, and that are capable of identifying conserved and unique traits, as well as outcome associations. The application of these tools to human and canine NHL datasets shows that, for example, the gene expression cluster that defines the germinal center-B-cell (GCB)-like subtype is exclusively present in human samples, but not in dog samples. Conversely, we confirm that non-GCB subtypes (activated B-cell [ABC] or ABC-like) include a heterogeneous group of subtypes defined by expression of shared and species-specific gene clusters, including resident or infiltrating cells that mold the stromal and immune microenvironments. Moreover, we are able to expand this approach to other subtypes of NHL to discern the contributions from stromal transcriptional programs and from lymphocyte transcriptional programs by including samples in the analyses where stromal cells were depleted. Overall, our comparative genomic approach will enhance our understanding of the conserved and species-specific events that underlie the molecular etiology of NHL, informing when spontaneous canine NHL subtypes should be considered as independent, unrelated conditions and improving and refining when and how they can be used as a relevant spontaneous model of human NHL.
Citation Format: Aaron L. Sarver, Jaime F. Modiano. Conserved and unique transcriptional programs in human and canine non-Hodgkin lymphomas inform the judicious applications for the spontaneous canine model of disease [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma; 2020 Aug 17-19. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2020;1(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-29.
Abstract PO-60: The stage-specific roles of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma patients: A propensity-matched analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database
Authors: Wang Shijie , Jia Mingfang , Han Jianglong , Zhang Rui , Huang Kejie , Qiao Yunfeng , Chen Ping , Fu Zhenming 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The stage-specific roles of radiotherapy (RT) alone, chemotherapy alone, and chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for patients with nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) have not been adequately evaluated.
Methods: We analyzed patients with NLPHL in all stages enrolled from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry from January 2000 to December 2015. Propensity score (PS) analysis with 1:1 matching was performed to ensure well-balanced characteristics between the comparison groups. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), the hazard ratio (HR), and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Restricted mean survival times (RMST) were also used for the survival analyses.
Results: For early-stage patients, RT alone was found to be associated with the improved survival of 10 months to 15 months and the deceased HR of 60% to 80%. Chemotherapy alone also had survival benefits (improved OS = 12.1 months; improved CSS = 5.3 months). However, not all of these improvements were statistically significant. CRT was associated with the best survival: the mean OS was significantly improved by 20 months and the HR was reduced by more than 80%, both before and after PS matching (PSM) (P &lt; 0.05). For advanced-stage patients, none of RT alone, chemotherapy alone, and CRT had a significant effect on survival. Chemotherapy alone and CRT might be more beneficial for long-term survival (RMST120m: neither RT nor chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone vs. CRT = 104m vs. 111m vs. 108m). Subgroup analysis showed that the efficacy of RT alone in patients with early-stage NLPHL was significantly different between younger people and older people (age &lt; 40: HR, 95% CI = 5.70, 0.34 - 94.2, P = 0.224; age ≧ 40: HR, 95% CI = 0.06, 0.01 - 0.32, P = 0.001; P for interaction = 0.005).
Conclusions: The results from the large SEER database suggested that CRT was associated with the best survival of patients with the early-stage NLPHL. More effective treatment strategies for patients with advanced-stage NLPHL remain to be further studied.
Citation Format: Shijie Wang, Mingfang Jia, Jianglong Han, Rui Zhang, Kejie Huang, Yunfeng Qiao, Ping Chen, Zhenming Fu. The stage-specific roles of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma patients: A propensity-matched analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma; 2020 Aug 17-19. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2020;1(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-60.
A covariate-constraint method to map brain feature space into lower dimensional manifolds
Authors: Renard Félix , Heinrich Christian , Bouthillon Marine , Schenck Maleka , Schneider Francis , Kremer Stéphane , Achard Sophie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHuman brain connectome studies aim to both explore healthy brains, and extract and analyze relevant features associated with pathologies of interest. Usually this consists of modeling the brain connectome as a graph and using graph metrics as features. A fine brain description requires graph metrics computation at the node level. Given the relatively reduced number of patients in standard cohorts, such data analysis problems fall in the high-dimension, low-sample-size framework. In this context, our goal is to provide a machine learning technique that exhibits flexibility, gives the investigator an understanding of the features and covariates, allows visualization and exploration, and yields insight into the data and the biological phenomena at stake. The retained approach is dimension reduction in a manifold learning methodology; the originality is that the investigator chooses one (or several) reduced variables. The proposed method is illustrated in two studies. The first one addresses comatose patients; the second one compares young and elderly populations. The method sheds light on the differences between brain connectivity graphs using graph metrics and potential clinical interpretations of these differences.
Demystifying Moral Damages in International Investment Arbitration
Authors: Weber Simon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Claims for compensation of material damages in investment arbitration are well known – they are part of every dispute. Tribunals deal extensively with such claims and do not accord much attention to another type of damages: moral damages. Until today, no uniform solution has been found. There seems to be stark disagreement between arbitral tribunals on how to deal with a claim for moral damages. This article sheds light on moral damages and proposes a possible solution under international law. To this end, it introduces the concept of moral damages and its history in international disputes. After having set out such general overview, it then applies the concept to investment arbitration by analysing five issues arbitral tribunals have been faced with when confronted by a claim for moral damages. Finally, it comments on the most prominent awards and provides an outlook for a possible solution.
Reparation Modalities at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC)
Authors: Perez-Leon-Acevedo Juan-Pablo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the last decade, the ECCC has ordered reparations for victims of the Khmer Rouge’s mass atrocities committed in Cambodia during the 1970s. Various scholars have examined those reparations ordered by the ECCC. Yet, this is the first academic piece to assess the ECCC’s reparation modalities under the UN Reparation Principles, which contain key standards on reparations for victims of atrocities. Overall, the ECCC has ordered important rehabilitation, satisfaction and guarantees of non-repetition measures to redress victims’ harm. This is a meaningful current development with regard to reparations for victims of atrocities. However, the ECCC’s reparation law and practice exhibits some important deficits under the UN Reparation Principles. At the ECCC, restitution and compensation are excluded and the range of guarantees of non-repetition has been limited. Nonetheless, these deficits must be considered within the ECCC’s mandate as an internationalised criminal court.
Res judicata and the Admissibility of Applications before the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights: a Fresh Look at Dexter Eddie Johnson v. Republic of Ghana
Authors: Nkhata Mwiza Jo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In Dexter Eddie Johnson v. Republic of Ghana, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights (the Court), for only the second time in its history, applied Article 56(7) of the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (the Charter) to declare a case inadmissible. The Court reasoned that the case was inadmissible since the applicant had first approached, and obtained a determination, from the United Nations Human Rights Committee before lodging his case with the Court. This article analyses the Court’s decision and attempts to unpack the Court’s interpretation and application of the doctrine of res judicata, which is the essence of the requirement in Article 56(7) of the Charter.
¿Dónde están los Judíos en la “Vida Americana?”: Art, Politics, and Identity on Exhibit
Authors: Shandler Jeffrey 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Vida Americana: Mexican Muralists Remake American Art, 1925–1945, an exhibition that opened at the Whitney Museum of American Art in February, 2020, proposed to remake art history by demonstrating the profound impact Mexican painters had on their counterparts in the United States, inspiring American artists “to use their art to protest economic, social, and racial injustices.” An unexamined part of this chapter of art history concerns the role of radical Jews, who constitute almost one half of the American artists whose work appears in the exhibition. Rooted in a distinct experience, as either immigrants or their American-born children, these Jewish artists had been making politically charged artworks well before the Mexican muralists’ arrival in the United States. Considering the role of left-wing Jews in this period of art-making would complicate the curatorial thesis of Vida Americana. Moreover, the exhibition’s lack of attention to Jews in creating and promoting this body of work raises questions about how the present cultural politics of race may have informed the analysis of this chapter of art history.
Ideophones in Moro
Authors: Naser Angelo Ali , Rose Sharon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article presents a descriptive study of ideophones in Moro, addressing both their structural characteristics and usage, with data from the Thetogovela dialect. We describe their sound patterns, word categorization and placement within sentences, and discuss their meaning and conventionalization. Moro ideophones convey a wide range of sensory meanings, including sound, touch, movement and visual patterns. They are uninflected and typically appear utterance finally, most closely resembling adverbs. Ideophones are often introduced by support verbs, including ‘do’, ‘be’ and ‘eat’, the latter for visual patterns. Ideophones may exhibit reduplication, which in some cases can correspond to pluractionality. The main distinctive sound pattern of Moro ideophones is a wider distribution of obstruents, as well as a performative use of expressive duration and phonation.
Property concepts in Tabaq: More than one road can lead to Rome
Authors: Schneider-Blum Gertrud , Hellwig Birgit 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the interplay between the morphosyntactic class of adjectives, the semantics of property concepts, and the function of noun modification in Tabaq, a Kordofan Nubian language (Nilo-Saharan phylum) spoken in the north-west of the Nuba Mountains in Sudan. Tabaq has a small class of adjectives containing few semantic types, and playing only a limited role with respect to the core function of adjectives: the modification of nouns. By contrast, a large number of descriptive modifiers is derived from two other word classes, verbs and nouns, and this paper describes the different ways of coding property concepts in Tabaq.
Verbal and verbless copular clauses in Moro
Authors: Jenks Peter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Moro has a rich array of copular clause constructions which show clear contrasts in their syntactic makeup. One class of copular clauses contain verbal heads, others are headed by non-verbal predicates that bear some inflectional morphology which is shared with verbs, while a final group of copular clauses lack any words which could be identified as verbs. I show that verbal and verb-like copular clauses always contain a predicative core. On the other hand, verbless copular clauses lack predicative semantics, serving the functions of identification or equation. I provide a simple syntactic analysis which accounts for the morphosyntactic distribution of the different types of clauses.
Senior Center Service Utilization: Do Social Ties Affect Participation Patterns?
Authors: Keyes Laura , Li Qiwei , Collins Brian , Rivera-Torres Solymar 
Published: December 2020

Purpose A better understanding of service utilization patterns at senior service centers can improve program development and constituent usage Theory This research examines whether participation in senior center activities is a function of senior socialization that reinforces and supports existing social ties by selecting specific activities in senior centers. Methods A total of 924 participants of senior centers in a municipality in the Southwest were surveyed. Results We find that having closer friends influences participation in certain senior center services. We also find that gender, race, ethnicity, and income also explain different usage rates beyond age. Conclusion Opportunities to foster social interaction to grow and reduce barriers to participation and market to a broader range of current and potential participants are discussed.