bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEDUDUKAN HUTAN ADAT DI ATAS TANAH ULAYAT DALAM PEMANFAATAN HUTAN
Authors: Tanjung Albert 
Published: August 2020

<p><em>Forest is one of the important parts of living things, in it there are plants and animals that humans can use to meet their daily needs. There are 3 (three) forest statuses, customary forest is one of them. </em><em>Customary forest has become the object of research. Focus on the position of customary forests on ulayat land in forest utilization. Using normative research methods, are descriptive and analyzed qualitatively. From these results, it can be concluded that customary forests are born naturally in the midst of indigenous peoples, decision is only reinforcing proof. The existence of government recognition of ulayat rights provides clarity regarding the position of customary forests that are above ulayat land. </em><em>This recognition makes the utilization of customary forests by indigenous peoples local not in conflict with the laws and regulations.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords: Customary Forest, Ulayat Land and Forest Utilization</strong></p>
PANCASILA SEBAGAI DARUL AHDI WA SYAHADAH DALAM HIMPITAN AMBIGUITAS POLITIK DAN URGENSI USWAH POLITIK
Authors: Zulfikar Ian , Al-Barbasy Ma'mun Murod 
Published: August 2020

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>The Pancasila debate as an ideology of the country accompanied the long journey of the Indonesian nation. Muhammadiyah offers a new formula related to Pancasila by calling it Darul Ahdi wa Syahadah, a consensus and witness state. The mention of Pancasila as Darul Ahdi wa Syahadah is an affirmation to strengthen the position of Pancasila as the state ideology. Political reality becomes so pragmatic because political morality is "ambiguous" . Even sadder, immoral political behavior and sticking with abuse of power is actually done by making the Pancasila as a cover or cover. Mental revolution requires fundamental changes that involve material, mental, cultural and political revolutions. The basis and direction of this mental revolution is the value of the Pancasila, especially those contained in the first, second and third precepts. The most important thing in carrying out the Mental Revolution is the need for political ideology (uswah). Uswah gives a lot of examples in religion, an example in terms of moral integrity, which includes the exemplary in establishing a relationship with power.</p><p><strong>Keywords: Pancasila, Mental Revolution, Political Ambiguity, Political Schools</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Perdebatan Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara mengiringi perjalanan panjang bangsa Indonesia. Muhammadiyah menawarkan rumusan baru terkait Pancasila dengan menyebutnya sebagai Darul Ahdi wa Syahadah, yaitu negara konsensus dan negara kesaksian. Penyebutan Pancasila sebagai Darul Ahdi wa Syahadah merupakan penegasan untuk memperkuat posisi Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara. Realitas politik menjadi begitu pragmatis lantaran moralitas politik yang “mendua” (ambigu). Lebih menyedihkan lagi, perilaku politik amoral dan lekat dengan abuse of power justru dilakukan dengan menjadikan Pancasila sebagai kedok atau tameng berlindung. Revolusi mental menghendaki adanya perubahan mendasar yang melibatkan revolusi material, mental kultural, dan political. Dasar dan haluan revolusi mental ini adalah nilai Pancasila, terutama yang terdapat dalam sila pertama, kedua, dan ketiga.Yang paling penting dalam melakukan Revolusi Mental adalah perlunya keteladanan (uswah) politik. Uswah memberikan banyak keteladanan dalam beragama, keteladanan dalam hal integritas moral, yang termasuk di dalamnya adalah keteladanan dalam menjalin relasi dengan kekuasaan.</p><strong>Kata Kunci: Pancasila, Revolusi Mental, Ambiguitas Politik, Uswah Politik</strong>
Treadmills of Production and Destruction in the Anthropocene
Authors: Smith Chad L. , Hooks Gregory , Lengefeld Michael 
Published: August 2020

Human activities in Latin American countries have resulted in past and ongoing deforestation located in the Amazon and the Andes. Demonstrative of this new Anthropocene Epoch, the illegal production of cocaine stands as a major driver of these environmental outcomes in these countries; however, in recent years the extraction of illegal gold has yielded larger export values than that of cocaine. The consequences of these practices have far-reaching environmental, economic, and social consequences. Using a critical realist perspective, we investigate and analyze how, when, and under what conditions the treadmills of production and destruction are absent, present, and thriving in Colombia and Peru. The implications of these relationships are grave as both the Amazon and the Andes are undergoing extensive transformations – damage that represents the Anthropocene Epoch in which human activities are driving ecological systems toward “tipping points”. We find that the two treadmills operate differently within each country and that treadmills are not ubiquitous but are, instead, contingent. We underscore the fact that when present, both types of treadmills have the ability to engage in social and environmental destructions, sometimes violently so.
Power and Politics in the World-System
Authors: Sommer Jamie M. , Hargrove Andrew 
Published: August 2020

While various researchers and practitioners agree that it will be hard to restructure our current global and local systems to adapt to and mitigate climate change, there is unsurprisingly great disagreement in how and if this can be accomplished and on what level(s), or if this is even what needs to be accomplished. These conversations have continued with the introduction of the “Anthropocene.” The dominant interpretation of the concept poses several solutions, one being national government restructuring to support environmental efforts and encouraging behavioral change. To join conversations that critically evaluate the conceptualization and implications of the Anthropocene with the world-systems perspective, we consider how the effectiveness of national environmental governance in reducing CO2 emissions varies by a country’s position in the global hierarchy. Using two-way fixed effects regression, this article tests how one aspect of this environmental governance, environmentally related taxes as a percentage of total tax revenue impacts CO2 emissions for 75 countries from 2000 to 2011. Given inequities in the global division of labor, which reinforce the dominance of higher-income countries and the exploitation of lower-income countries, we expect the effectiveness of environmental governance to vary tremendously by global position. Our results support the idea that the impact of environmental governance on CO2 emissions varies across countries at different income levels in the world-system, and this is due to external constraints. Such external influence is unsurprisingly neglected in dominant interpretations of the Anthropocene. In line with previous critical research, we argue that these external constraints undermine climate change solutions because they fail to address mutually reinforcing global, political, economic, and environmental inequalities.
The evolution of cultural competence theories in American (United States) nursing curricula: An integrative review
Authors: Alexander Suzanne , BeLue Rhonda , Kuzmik Ashley , Boltz Marie 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Baccalaureate nursing students develop cultural competence through curricula of theories and frameworks which evolve to reflect new knowledge, but their synthesis and impact upon health quality outcomes is not known.Methods: A cross-platform literature review was conducted to identify innovation and use of cultural competency theories and frameworks in nursing. Optimal literature included a formal theory, pedagogy, measures, and outcomes, which were then classified and evaluated. Additional perspectives and interventions were reviewed for potential influence on curricula and impact through the lens of integrative review.Results: A shift in theory from essentialism to constructivism has occurred in undergraduate curricula. Challenges to measuring outcomes have been noted. All studies reported positive outcomes but suffer from self-selection, unvalidated instruments, and little to no longitudinal data.Conclusions: Nursing students are exposed to culturally competent care via several validated and canonical frameworks, but self-efficacy and long-term impact have not been assessed.
Adult cancer patients’ barriers toward pain management: A literature review
Authors: Ibrahim Hodan , Khraim Fadi , Al-Tawafsheh Atef 
Published: August 2020

Background and objective: Cancer pain is the most common symptom among cancer patients. Despite strategies to control cancer pain, cancer patients’ beliefs and attitudes influence the effectiveness of cancer pain management. The aim of this literature review was to identify and explore adult cancer patients’ barriers toward pain management.Methods: A literature review was conducted. CINAHL, Medline, and PsychINFO databases were searched for relevant articles from 2008 to 2019. Twenty one articles were included in this literature review. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify and explore adult cancer patients’ barriers toward pain management. Results: This literature review revealed several patient barriers toward pain management. These barriers were categorized into cognitive barriers that include poor pain communication, fatalism, and fear of addiction and tolerance; sensory barrier, such as fear of drug side effects; affective barriers, such as anxiety and depression, and socio-demographic barriers that influence cancer pain management.Conclusions: Adult cancer patients’ barriers toward pain management significantly compromise the effectiveness of pain management and affect cancer patients’ quality of life. A better understanding of cancer patients’ barriers toward pain management by the healthcare providers will result in better assessment and management of these barriers and will enhance evidenced-based patient education.
Modeling Antecedent Soil Moisture to Constrain Rainfall Thresholds for Shallow Landslides Occurrence
Authors: Lazzari Maurizio , Piccarreta Marco , L. Ray Ram , Manfreda Salvatore 
Published: August 2020

Rainfall-triggered shallow landslide events have caused losses of human lives and millions of euros in damage to property in all parts of the world. The need to prevent such hazards combined with the difficulty of describing the geomorphological processes over regional scales led to the adoption of empirical rainfall thresholds derived from records of rainfall events triggering landslides. These rainfall intensity thresholds are generally computed, assuming that all events are not influenced by antecedent soil moisture conditions. Nevertheless, it is expected that antecedent soil moisture conditions may provide critical support for the correct definition of the triggering conditions. Therefore, we explored the role of antecedent soil moisture on critical rainfall intensity-duration thresholds to evaluate the possibility of modifying or improving traditional approaches. The study was carried out using 326 landslide events that occurred in the last 18 years in the Basilicata region (southern Italy). Besides the ordinary data (i.e., rainstorm intensity and duration), we also derived the antecedent soil moisture conditions using a parsimonious hydrological model. These data have been used to derive the rainfall intensity thresholds conditional on the antecedent saturation of soil quantifying the impact of such parameters on rainfall thresholds.
Making Open Development Inclusive
Authors: Haddadian Nola 
Published: August 2020

Drawing on ten years of empirical work and research, analyses of how open development has played out in practice.
A decade ago, a significant trend toward openness emerged in international development. “Open development” can describe initiatives as disparate as open government, open health data, open science, open education, and open innovation. The theory was that open systems related to data, science, and innovation would enable more inclusive processes of human development. This volume, drawing on ten years of empirical work and research, analyzes how open development has played out in practice
Focusing on development practices in the Global South, the contributors explore the crucial questions of who is allowed to participate when an initiative is “open” and who benefits—or not—from them, finding that processes characterized as open can sometimes be exclusionary in their implementation. Examining a wide range of cases, they consider the governance of open development ecosystems and the implementation of a variety of applications, including open educational resources, collaborative science, and the uses of crowdsourcing.
The open access edition of this book was made possible by generous funding from Knowledge Unlatched.
Contributors
Denisse Albornoz, Chris Armstrong, Savita Bailur, Roxana Barrantes, Carla Bonina, Michael Cañares, Leslie Chan, Laura Czerniewicz, Jeremy de Beer, Stefano De Sabbata, Shirin Elahi, Alison Gillwald, Mark Graham, Rebecca Hillyer, Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams, Dick Kawooya, Erika Kramer-Mbula, Paulo Matos, Caroline Ncube, Chidi Oguamanam, Angela Okune, Alejandro Posada, Nagla Rizk, Isaac Rutenberg, Tobias Schonwetter, Fabrizio Scrollini, Ruhiya Kristine Seward, Raed Sharif, Matthew Smith, William Randall Spence, Henry Trotter, François van Schalkwyk, Sonal Zavaeri
Make It Clear
Authors: Winston Patrick Henry 
Published: August 2020

The essentials of communication for professionals, educators, students, and entrepreneurs, from organizing your thoughts to inspiring your audience.
Do you give presentations at meetings? Do you ever have to explain a complicated subject to audiences unfamiliar with your field? Do you make pitches for ideas or products? Do you want to interest a lecture hall of restless students in subjects that you find fascinating? Then you need this book. Make It Clear explains how to communicate—how to speak and write to get your ideas across. Written by an MIT professor who taught his students these techniques for more than forty years, the book starts with the basics—finding your voice, organizing your ideas, making sure what you say is remembered, and receiving critiques (“do not ask for brutal honesty”)—and goes on to cover such specifics as preparing slides, writing and rewriting, and even choosing a type family.
The book explains why you should start with an empowerment promise and conclude by noting you delivered on that promise. It describes how a well-crafted, explicitly identified slogan, symbol, salient idea, surprise, and story combine to make you and your work memorable. The book lays out the VSN-C (Vision, Steps, News–Contributions) framework as an organizing structure and then describes how to create and organize your ideas with a “broken–glass” outline, how to write to be understood, how to inspire, how to defeat writer's block—and much more. Learning how to speak and write well will empower you and make you smarter. Effective communication can be life-changing—making use of just one principle in this book can get you the job, make the sale, convince your boss, inspire a student, or even start a revolution.
Alternatives to Multilateralism
Authors: Partzsch Lena 
Published: August 2020

Analysis and case studies of emerging forms of private, public, and hybrid social and environmental governance.
The effects of globalization on governance are complex and uncertain. As markets integrate, governments have become increasingly hesitant to enforce regulations inside their own jurisdictions. At the same time, multilateralism has proven unsuccessful in coordinating states' responses to global challenges. In this book, Lena Partzsch describes alternatives to multilateralism, offering analyses and case studies of emerging—alternative—forms of private, public, and hybrid social and environmental regulation. In doing so, she offers a unique overview of cutting-edge approaches to global governance.
After laying the theoretical and empirical foundation of her argument, Partzsch presents three case studies from the countries most affected by these new forms of governance. Drawing on primary documents, interviews, and participatory observations, she analyzes cotton supply chains and voluntary (private) cotton certification in Ethiopia; public supply-chain regulation of “conflict resources” from the Democratic Republic of the Congo; and hybrid governance of palm oil production in Indonesia. Partzsch finds that the new entanglement of public and private regulation fails to address social and environmental considerations in mainstream markets; argues that only in exceptional cases do alternative forms of regulation overcome the power asymmetries between actors in the consuming countries of the Global North and those in the producing countries of the Global South; and concludes that, while the paradigm of free trade fades, we must continue to develop viable alternatives in order to pursue collective norms of environmental sustainability and social justice.
This book was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Research and Education (project no. 031B0235A).
Reviews on common objectives and evaluation indicators for risk communication activities from 2011 to 2017
Authors: Sato Akiko , Honda Kaori , Ono Kyoko , Kanda Reiko , Hayashi Takehiko I. , Takeda Yoshihito , Takebayashi Yoshitake , Kobayashi Tomoyuki , Murakami Michio 
Published: August 2020

Background
Risk communication is widely accepted as a significant factor for policy makers, academic researchers, and practitioners in diverse fields. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive knowledge about how risk communication is currently conducted across fields and about the way risk communication is evaluated.

Methodology
This study systematically searched for materials from three scholarly search engines and one journal with a single search term of “risk communication.” The eligibility assessment selected peer-reviewed articles published in English that evaluated risk communication activities. Emphasis was placed on articles published in recent years accounting for about half of the pre-selected ones. Data on field of study, intervention timing, target audience, communication type, and objectives/evaluation indicators was extracted from the articles. Patterns of objectives/evaluation indicators used in risk communication activities were compared with those of the definitions and purposes of risk communication stated by relevant organizations. Association analysis was conducted based on study fields and objectives/evaluation indicators.

Results
The screening process yielded 292 articles that were published between 2011 and 2017 in various fields, such as medicine, food safety, chemical substances, and disasters/emergencies. The review process showed that many activities were performed in the medical field, during non-/pre-crisis periods. Recent activities primarily targeted citizens/Non-Profit Organizations (NPOs), and was disseminated in the form of large group or mass communication. While “knowledge increase,” “change in risk perception and concern alleviation,” and “decision making and behavior change” were commonly addressed in practice, “trust-building” and “reduction in psychological distress” were rarely focused. The analysis also indicated that the medical field tends to perform risk communication at the individual or small group level, in contrast to the food safety field. Further, risk communications in the non-/pre-crisis period are more likely to aim at “changes in risk perception and concern alleviation” than those in the crisis period. Risk communications that aim at “changes in risk perception and concern alleviation” are likely to be presented in a large group or mass communication, whereas those that aim at “decision making and behavior change” are likely to be conducted at the individual or small group level.

Conclusion
An overview of recent activities may provide those who engage in risk communication with an opportunity to learn from practices in different fields or those conducted in different intervention timings. Devoting greater attention to trust building and reduction in psychological distress and exploring non-citizen/NPO stakeholders’ needs would be beneficial across academic and professional disciplines.
Mitochondrial destiny in type 2 diabetes: the effects of oxidative stress on the dynamics and biogenesis of mitochondria
Authors: Skuratovskaia Daria , Komar Alexandra , Vulf Maria , Litvinova Larisa 
Published: August 2020

Background
One reason for the development of insulin resistance is the chronic inflammation in obesity.

Materials & Methods
Scientific articles in the field of knowledge on the involvement of mitochondria and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in obesity and type 2 diabetes were analyzed.

Results
Oxidative stress developed during obesity contributes to the formation of peroxynitrite, which causes cytochrome C-related damage in the mitochondrial electron transfer chain and increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. Oxidative stress contributes to the nuclease activity of the mitochondrial matrix, which leads to the accumulation of cleaved fragments and an increase in heteroplasmy. Mitochondrial dysfunction and mtDNA variations during insulin resistance may be connected with a change in ATP levels, generation of ROS, mitochondrial division/fusion and mitophagy. This review discusses the main role of mitochondria in the development of insulin resistance, which leads to pathological processes in insulin-dependent tissues, and considers potential therapeutic directions based on the modulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. In this regard, the development of drugs aimed at the regulation of these processes is gaining attention.

Conclusion
Changes in the mtDNA copy number can help to protect mitochondria from severe damage during conditions of increased oxidative stress. Mitochondrial proteome studies are conducted to search for potential therapeutic targets. The use of mitochondrial peptides encoded by mtDNA also represents a promising new approach to therapy.
Introductory of Scherrer’s Equation in Laminated Plate-Shaped Hexagonal Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals System
Authors: Mishra Shiv Prakash 
Published: August 2020

Since, hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystal system is hexagonal and its crystalline size in the longitudinal directions of various (a,b,c) axes, which are depending on the thickness of the laminated plate-shaped HAP crystals. Hence, by applying of Scherrer’s equation D100 = Kλ / (β cos ) we calculated their crystallite size as perpendicular to the (100) plane as well as to comparing the thickness of synthesized needle or laminated thin plate shaped HAP nanocrystals of CALPHOS or CONTROL and SUC or Suc-20 samples under hydrothermal condition via organically modified apatite based octacalcium phosphate (OCP) at 180 for 3h. The pH of solution adjusted to 5.5 with incorporating dicarboxylate or succinate ions having Ca/P molar ratio is expected to be 1.56±0.02, where the morphology of OCP are retained. During incorporating of succinate ions in OCP crystals, the hydrogen phosphate (HPO42-) ions in the hydrated layers of OCP are being substituted by succinate ions. These organically modified OCP which generated to HAP with unique nanocrystallite structure have been characterized by using of SEM, FTIR and X-ray diffraction analysis.