bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma cell lines that show estrogen-sensitive growth as xenografts in immunocompromised mice
Authors: De Haven Brandon Alexis , Box Gary , Hallsworth Albert , Court William , Matthews Nicoll , Herodek Balint , Arteagabeitia Aitor Bermejo , Valenti Melanie , Kirkin Vladimir 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOvarian cancer remains a significant challenge in women worldwide. Tumors of the high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) type represent the most common form of the disease. Development of new therapies for HGSC has been hampered by a paucity of preclinical models in which new drugs could be tested for target engagement and anti-tumor efficacy. Here, we systematically assessed in vivo growth of ovarian cancer cells, including six validated HGSC cell lines, in highly immunocompromised NSG mice by varying the injection site. We found that, with the exception of OVCAR3, HGSC cell lines COV318, COV362, KURAMOCHI, OVCAR4, and OVSAHO, generally demonstrate poor growth as either subcutaneous or intraperitoneal xenografts. Intrabursal injections performed with KURAMOCHI and COV362 cells did not improve tumor growth in vivo. Additional analysis revealed that OVSAHO and COV362 express moderate levels of estrogen receptor (ERα), which translated into improved growth of xenografts in the presence of 17β-Estradiol. Surprisingly, we also found that the growth of the widely used non-HGSC ovarian cell line SKOV3 could be significantly improved by estrogen supplementation. By describing successful establishment of estrogen-sensitive HGSC xenograft models, OVSAHO and COV362, this work will enable testing of novel therapies for this aggressive form of ovarian cancer.
An entropy-based framework to analyze structural power and power alliances in social networks
Authors: Dellnitz Andreas , Rödder Wilhelm 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPower is a central phenomenon in societies. So for ages, numerous power perceptions in philosophy and sociology have existed. Measuring power of an actor in its social fabric is a difficult issue, however. After sketching first attempts for this in social network analyses, we develop a new power theory. To this end, we distinguish between vertices in the network and actors acting in vertices. Vertices get structural power potential from their position in the net. In an entropy-driven model such potential can be calculated for all vertices; for selected networks, the method is exemplified. Actors in vertices can deploy power potential once they have respective personal skills, and dominate actors in adjacent vertices. If chosen with suitable care, an alliance of actors can even dominate the whole network. The findings are applied to the famous 9/11-network with 34 vertices and 93 edges.
Nurr1 performs its anti-inflammatory function by regulating RasGRP1 expression in neuro-inflammation
Authors: Oh Mihee , Kim Sun Young , Gil Jung-Eun , Byun Jeong-Su , Cha Dong-Wook , Ku Bonsu , Lee Woonghee , Kim Won-Kon , Oh Kyoung-Jin , Lee Eun-Woo , Bae Kwang-Hee , Lee Sang Chul , Han Baek-Soo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNurr1, a transcription factor belonging to the orphan nuclear receptor, has an essential role in the generation and maintenance of dopaminergic neurons and is important in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’ disease (PD). In addition, Nurr1 has a non-neuronal function, and it is especially well known that Nurr1 has an anti-inflammatory function in the Parkinson’s disease model. However, the molecular mechanisms of Nurr1 have not been elucidated. In this study, we describe a novel mechanism of Nurr1 function. To provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of Nurr1 in the inflammatory response, we performed Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) on LPS-induced inflammation in BV2 cells and finally identified the RasGRP1 gene as a novel target of Nurr1. Here, we show that Nurr1 directly binds to the RasGRP1 intron to regulate its expression. Moreover, we also identified that RasGRP1 regulates the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling cascade in LPS-induced inflammation signaling. Finally, we conclude that RasGRP1 is a novel regulator of Nurr1’s mediated inflammation signaling.
Germ cell depletion in recipient testis has adverse effects on spermatogenesis in orthotopically transplanted testis pieces via retinoic acid insufficiency
Authors: Tsuchimoto Akihiro , Tone Masaaki , Ogonuki Narumi , Hada Masashi , Ogura Atsuo , Takashima Seiji 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGerm cell depletion in recipient testes is indispensable for successful transplantation of spermatogonial stem cells. However, we found that such treatment had an adverse effect on spermatogenesis of orthotopically transplanted donor testis tissues. In the donor tissue, the frequency of stimulated by retinoic acid (RA) 8 (STRA8) expression was reduced in germ cells, suggesting that RA signalling indispensable for spermatogenesis was attenuated in germ cell-depleted recipient testes. In this context, germ cell depletion diminished expression of testicularAldh1a2, which is responsible for testicular RA synthesis, whileCyp26b1, which is responsible for testicular RA metabolism, was still expressed even after germ cell depletion, suggesting an alteration of the RA synthesis/metabolism ratio. These observations suggested that RA insufficiency was one of the causes of the defective donor spermatogenesis. Indeed, repetitive RA administrations significantly improved donor spermatogenesis to produce fertile offspring without any side effects. These findings may contribute to improving fertility preservation techniques for males, especially to prevent iatrogenic infertility induced by chemotherapy in prepubertal cancer patients.
Ste2 receptor-mediated chemotropism of Fusarium graminearum contributes to its pathogenicity against wheat
Authors: Sridhar Pooja S. , Trofimova Daria , Subramaniam Rajagopal , González-Peña Fundora Dianevys , Foroud Nora A. , Allingham John S. , Loewen Michele C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFusarium Head Blight of wheat, caused by the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum, leads to devastating global food shortages and economic losses. While many studies have addressed the responses of both wheat and F. graminearum during their interaction, the possibility of fungal chemotropic sensing enabling pathogenicity remains unexplored. Based on recent findings linking the pheromone-sensing G-protein-coupled receptor Ste2 to host-directed chemotropism in Fusarium oxysporum, we investigated the role of the Ste2 receptor and its downstream signaling pathways in mediating chemotropism of F. graminearum. Interestingly, a chemotropic response of growing hyphae towards catalytically active Triticum aestivum ‘Roblin’ cultivar secreted peroxidases was detected, with deletion of STE2 in F. graminearum leading to loss of the observed response. At the same time, deletion of STE2 significantly decreased infection on germinating wheat coleoptiles, highlighting an association between Ste2, chemotropism and infection by F. graminearum. Further characterization revealed that the peroxidase-directed chemotropism is associated with stimulation of the fungal cell wall integrity mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade. Altogether, this study demonstrates conservation of Ste2-mediated chemotropism by Fusarium species, and its important role in mediating pathogenicity.
Rational synthesis of atomically thin quantum structures in nanowires based on nucleation processes
Authors: Tomioka Katsuhiro , Motohisa Junichi , Fukui Takashi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractExcitonic properties in quantum dot (QD) structure are essential properties for applications in quantum computing, cryptography, and photonics. Top-down fabrication and bottom-up growth by self-assembling for forming the QDs have shown their usefulness. These methods, however, still inherent issues in precision integrating the regimes with high reproducibility and positioning to realize the applications with on-demand quantum properties on Si platforms. Here, we report on a rational synthesis of embedding atomically thin InAs in nanowire materials on Si by selective-area regrowth. An extremely slow growth rate specified for the synthesis demonstrated to form smallest quantum structures reaching nuclear size, and provided good controllability for the excitonic states on Si platforms. The system exhibited sharp photoluminescence spectra originating from exciton and bi-exciton suggesting the carriers were confined inside the nuclei. The selective-area regrowth would open new approach to integrate the exciton states with Si platforms as building-blocks for versatile quantum systems.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Cost effective liquid phase exfoliation of MoS2 nanosheets and photocatalytic activity for wastewater treatment enforced by visible light
Authors: Sahoo Dhirendra , Kumar Birendra , Sinha Jaivardhan , Ghosh Subhasis , Roy Susanta Sinha , Kaviraj Bhaskar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractScalable production of high-quality MoS2 nanosheets remains challenging for industrial applications and research in basic sciences. N-methyl-2pyrrolidine (NMP) is a commonly used solvent for exfoliation of MoS2 nanosheets having further disadvantage of slow volatility rate. The present study demonstrates a cost-effective facile chemical route to synthesize few-layer MoS2 nanosheets using acetone as a solvent and by varying bulk initial concentration of samples to scale up the production in large scale to fulfill the demand for potential applications. In our study, we aim to obtain stable growth of high quality few layer MoS2 nanosheets by long sonication times. Optical absorption spectra, Raman spectra, size of nanosheets and layer thickness of as-grown MoS2 nanosheets were found to be matching with those obtained from other synthesis methods. Effective photocatalytic performance of MoS2 nanosheets without being consumed as a reactant was experimented by decomposing Methylene Blue dye in aqueous solution under irradiation of visible light. This study provides an idea to synthesize low-cost, sustainable and efficient photocatalytic material in large scale for the next generation to control water pollution quite efficiently by protecting the environment from the contamination coming from these dyes.
Association between survival and levetiracetam use in glioblastoma patients treated with temozolomide chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Roh Tae Hoon , Moon Ju Hyung , Park Hun Ho , Kim Eui Hyun , Hong Chang-Ki , Kim Se Hoon , Kang Seok-Gu , Chang Jong Hee 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study was conducted to assess whether levetiracetam (LEV) affects the survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) treated with concurrent temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. To this end, from 2004 to 2016, 322 patients with surgically resected and pathologically confirmed isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype GBM who received TMZ-based chemoradiotherapy were analysed. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether LEV was used as an anticonvulsant both at the time of surgery and the first visit thereafter. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared between the groups. The OS was 21.1 and 17.5 months in the LEV (+) and LEV (−) groups, respectively (P = 0.003); the corresponding PFS was 12.3 and 11.2 months (P = 0.017). The other prognostic factors included age, extent of resection, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status, and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score. The multivariate analysis showed age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.02; P < 0.001), postoperative KPS score (HR 0.99; P = 0.002), complete tumour resection (HR 0.52; P < 0.001), MGMT promoter methylation (HR 0.75; P < 0.001), and LEV use (HR 0.72; P = 0.011) were significantly associated with OS. In conclusion, LEV use was associated with prolonged survival in patients with GBM treated with concurrent TMZ chemoradiotherapy.
Sub-maximal endurance exercise does not mediate alterations of somatosensory thresholds
Authors: Kortenjann Ann-Christin , Banzer Winfried , Fleckenstein Johannes 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPhysical exercise has been shown to alter sensory functions, such as sensory detection or perceived pain. However, most contributing studies rely on the assessment of single thresholds, and a systematic testing of the sensory system is missing. This randomised, controlled cross-over study aims to determine the sensory phenotype of healthy young participants and to assess if sub-maximal endurance exercise can impact it. We investigated the effects of a single bout of sub-maximal running exercise (30 min at 80% heart rate reserve) compared to a resting control in 20 healthy participants.
The sensory profile was assessed applying quantitative sensory testing (QST) according to the protocol of the German Research Network on Neuropathic Pain. QST comprises a broad spectrum of thermal and mechanical detection and pain thresholds. It was applied to the forehead of study participants prior and immediately after the intervention. Time between cross-over sessions was one week. Sub-maximal endurance exercise did not significantly alter thermal or mechanical sensory function (time × group analysis) in terms of detection and pain thresholds. The sensory phenotypes did not indicate any clinically meaningful deviation of sensory function. The alteration of sensory thresholds needs to be carefully interpreted, and only systematic testing allows an improved understanding of mechanism. In this context, sub-maximal endurance exercise is not followed by a change of thermal and mechanical sensory function at the forehead in healthy volunteers.
A longitudinal study of semen quality among Chinese sperm donor candidates during the past 11 years
Authors: Liu Junjie , Dai Yanpeng , Li Yushan , Yuan Enwu , Wang Quanxian , Wang Xingling , Guan Yichun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStudies suggest that semen quality is declining globally, however, the debate remains open due to the possible effects of ethnic and geographical differences. This study aimed to explore whether semen quality of sperm donor candidates has changed in Henan Province, China from 2009 to 2019. In this retrospective study, we included 23,936 sperm donor candidates who were recruited by the Henan Human Sperm Bank of China between 2009 and 2019. To minimize intra-individual bias, we included only the first ejaculate provided by each sperm donor candidate. The following parameters were measured: volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, progressive motility, and total motility. After adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), and sexual abstinence duration, we evaluated changes in main semen parameters over time using multiple linear regression analyses. The sperm concentration decreased from 62.0 million/mL in 2009 to 32.0 million/mL in 2019 (P < 0.001), with an average annual rate of 3.9%. The total sperm count decreased from 160.0 million in 2009 to 80.0 million in 2019 (P < 0.001), with an average annual rate of 4.2%. The progressive motility decreased from 54.0% in 2009 to 40.0% in 2019 (P < 0.001), with an average annual rate of 2.5%. The total motility decreased from 60.0% in 2009 to 46.0% in 2019 (P < 0.001), with an average annual rate of 1.9%. Our results indicated that semen quality among sperm donor candidates had decreased during the study period in Henan Province, China.
Injury intensifies T cell mediated graft-versus-host disease in a humanized model of traumatic brain injury
Authors: Diaz Miguel F. , Horton Paulina D. , Kumar Akshita , Livingston Megan , Mohammadalipour Amina , Xue Hasen , Skibber Max A. , Ewere Adesuwa , Toledano Furman Naama E. , Aroom Kevin R. , Zhang Songlin , Gill Brijesh S. , Cox Charles S. , Wenzel Pamela L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe immune system plays critical roles in promoting tissue repair during recovery from neurotrauma but is also responsible for unchecked inflammation that causes neuronal cell death, systemic stress, and lethal immunodepression. Understanding the immune response to neurotrauma is an urgent priority, yet current models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) inadequately recapitulate the human immune response. Here, we report the first description of a humanized model of TBI and show that TBI places significant stress on the bone marrow. Hematopoietic cells of the marrow are regionally decimated, with evidence pointing to exacerbation of underlying graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) linked to presence of human T cells in the marrow. Despite complexities of the humanized mouse, marrow aplasia caused by TBI could be alleviated by cell therapy with human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). We conclude that MSCs could be used to ameliorate syndromes triggered by hypercytokinemia in settings of secondary inflammatory stimulus that upset marrow homeostasis such as TBI. More broadly, this study highlights the importance of understanding how underlying immune disorders including immunodepression, autoimmunity, and GVHD might be intensified by injury.
Perinatal exposure to diets with different n-6:n-3 fatty acid ratios affects olfactory tissue fatty acid composition
Authors: Khoury Spiro , Soubeyre Vanessa , Cabaret Stéphanie , Merle Laetitia , Grégoire Stéphane , Deprêtre Nicolas , Jarriault David , Grosmaitre Xavier , Bretillon Lionel , Berdeaux Olivier , Acar Niyazi , Le Bon Anne Marie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe olfactory mucosa (OM) and the olfactory bulb (OB) are responsible for the detection and processing of olfactory signals. Like the brain and retina, they contain high levels of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are essential for the structure and function of neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Since the influence of the maternal diet on olfactory lipid profiles of the offspring has been poorly explored, we examined the effects of feeding mice during the perinatal period with diets containing an adequate linoleic acid level but either deficient in α-linolenic acid (ALA) or supplemented in n-3 long-chain PUFAs on the lipid composition of dams and weaning offspring olfactory tissues. In both the OM and OB, the low n-3 ALA diet led to a marked reduction in n-3 PUFAs with a concomitant increase in n-6 PUFAs, whereas consumption of the high n-3 PUFA diet reduced n-6 PUFAs and increased n-3 PUFAs. Structural analysis showed that the molecular species profiles of the main phospholipid classes of olfactory tissues from weaning pups were markedly affected by the maternal diets. This study demonstrates that the PUFA status of olfactory tissues is sensitive to diet composition from the early stages of development.
Collective choice fosters sustainable resource management in the presence of asymmetric opportunities
Authors: Nockur Laila , Arndt Laetitia , Keller Johannes , Pfattheicher Stefan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAsymmetric distribution of opportunities among actors can reinforce the conflict between individual and collective interests in social dilemma situations. The present study investigates the interplay of asymmetric distribution of opportunities to consume resources and three choice systems: individual choice, median choice, and majority voting. Participants (N = 248) took part in a common resource game in groups of four under each of the three choice systems. We examined the average percentage taken of the resource as well as satisfaction and fairness ratings depending on the choice system in interaction with (a) whether the distribution of opportunities among group members was symmetric versus asymmetric, and (b) the status of an actor (advantaged versus disadvantaged) within asymmetric groups. Both implemented collective choice systems (median choice and majority voting) increased sustainable resource management, especially in asymmetric groups, by restricting overconsumption of advantaged individuals, as well as satisfaction and fairness ratings. Collective choice increased collective welfare by increasing profits of disadvantaged individuals and members of symmetric groups. The results indicate that in the presence of asymmetric distribution of opportunities, collective choice is a means to reconcile the conflict between individual and collective interests in social dilemmas and to foster sustainable resource management.
The sample size effect in metallic glass deformation
Authors: Champion Yannick , Thurieau Nicolas 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe sample size effect on deformation mode of glasses is one of the most misunderstood properties of this class of material. This effect is intriguing, since materials deemed macroscopically brittle become plastic at small size. We propose an explanation of this phenomenon for metallic glasses. A thermodynamic description of the local rearrangement zones activated under an applied stress is proposed. Using the Poisson distribution to describe the statistics of these zones and the statistical physics to associate entropy, we define a critical sample size for the change in the deformation mode. Predictions are in agreement with experimental observations and reveal hidden structural parameters describing the glassy state.
Clinical outcomes and quality of life associated with the use of a biosynthetic mesh for complex ventral hernia repair: analysis of the “Italian Hernia Club” registry
Authors: Rognoni Carla , Cuccurullo Diego , Borsoi Ludovica , Bonavina Luigi , Asti Emanuele , Crovella Feliciano , Bassi Uberto Andrea , Carbone Gabriele , Guerini Francesca , De Paolis Paolo , Pessione Silvia , Greco Vincenzo Maria , Baccarini Elisabetta , Soliani Giorgio , Sagnelli Carlo , Crovella Clotilde , Trapani Vincenzo , De Nisco Carlo , Eugeni Emilio , Zanzi Federico , De Nicola Enrico , Marioni Antonio , Rosignoli Alessandro , Silvestro Roberto , Tarricone Rosanna , Piccoli Micaela 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWith the development of newer meshes and approaches to hernia repair, it is currently difficult to evaluate their performances while considering the patients’ perspective. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical outcomes and quality of life consequences of abdominal hernia repairs performed in Italy using Phasix and Phasix ST meshes through the analysis of real-world data to support the choice of new generation biosynthetic meshes. An observational, prospective, multicentre study was conducted in 10 Italian clinical centres from May 2015 to February 2018 and in 15 Italian clinical centres from March 2018 to May 2019. The evaluation focused on patients with VHWG grade II–III who underwent primary ventral hernia repair or incisional hernia intervention with a follow-up of at least 18 months. Primary endpoints included complications’ rates, and secondary outcomes focused on patient quality of life as measured by the EuroQol questionnaire. Seventy-five patients were analysed. The main complications were: 1.3% infected mesh removal, 4.0% superficial infection requiring procedural intervention, 0% deep/organ infection, 8.0% recurrence, 5.3% reintervention, and 6.7% drained seroma. The mean quality of life utility values ranged from 0.768 (baseline) to 0.967 (36 months). To date, Phasix meshes have proven to be suitable prostheses in preventing recurrence, with promising outcomes in terms of early and late complications and in improving patient quality of life.