bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of comprehensive coursework of quality management in universities pertinent to the construction industry: a case of Pakistan
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Thaheem Muhammad Jamaluddin , Kaka Khel Syyed Sami Ul Haq , Faizan Ul Haq Muhammad , Saeed Zafar Muhammad , Ehtsham Muhammad 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to determine a comprehensive coursework for teaching quality management in the universities of developing countries i.e. Pakistan pertinent to the construction industry. Additionally, a framework was also developed based on the results.Design/methodology/approachFactors and course contents of quality management are extracted through a content analysis of the published literature. Further, a questionnaire survey is conducted involving 150 professionals to assess the requirements of the industry and academic professionals of the construction industry for effective quality management. Finally, for getting a more objective perspective, using quality function deployment (QFD) matrix a framework is developed.FindingsThe results show the level of importance of each design requirement. We can identify the design requirements through which we can fulfill the needs and demands of the stakeholders. Contents like benchmarking, supply chain management, six sigma and other data analysis methods, costing and auditing of quality, customer satisfaction analysis, TQM: theory and practices and ISO certification processes and procedures should be included in any course program related to quality management pertinent to the construction industry. Along with these contents, workshops and seminars must be arranged to address the user requirement for increased leadership and communication skills.Originality/valueThere is a lack of literature available on course content for quality management in the universities for the construction sector, therefore, a huge scope of future research in the field of quality management in the construction industry needs to be investigated. This research highlights the most significant quality management factors and course contents as per the requirement of industry professionals. Therefore, this study adds to the existing body of knowledge by developing a robust framework that will help decision-makers and top management to develop constructive quality management course work at university level that will help in producing qualified and trained quality professionals to the construction industry.
Subsurface structures of the Xiaorequanzi deposit, NW China: new insights from gravity, magnetic and electromagnetic data
Authors: Shaole An , Zhixin Zhang , Kefa Zhou , Jinlin Wang 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTThe Xiaorequanzi copper–zinc deposit, located in the eastern Tianshan, is considered as a medium‐sized polymetallic deposit in Xinjiang, NW China. Understanding the structural framework and delineating the location of intrusions as well as the distribution of ore‐controlling strata in this mining area are vital for identifying new potential exploration areas. This paper aims to provide new information on the subsurface structures of the Xiaorequanzi copper–zinc deposit and to explore new target area for the ore prospecting based on comprehensive interpretation of multiple geophysical datasets. Several potential field filtering methods were used to study the spatial distribution of the geological structure. The structural lineament was delineated based on various source boundary detection results. Euler deconvolution method was used to estimate the field source depth, and the structure model was constructed from 2.5D forward gravity modelling, constrained by borehole and electromagnetic data. The results indicate that the local gravity highs may be the concentration of mineralized rocks with high density extending to depths of several hundred meters; the magnetic highs are related to mineralized rocks/intrusive rocks that are close to the surface. The tectonic framework of the whole ore bed is mainly controlled by NW‐SE, E‐W and NE‐SW structures, in which NE‐SW structures are related closely to mineralization and may provide optimum conditions for magma emplacement and fluid migration. Our research will help to study the tectonic evolution and guide further exploration of the deposit.
Molecular insights into the ecology of a psychrotolerant Pseudomonas syringae
Authors: Pavankumar Theetha L. , Mittal Pragya , Hallsworth John E. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryLow temperatures constrain cellular life due to reductions in nutrient uptake, enzyme kinetics, membrane permeability, and function of other biomacromolecules. This has implications for the biophysical limits of life on Earth, and the plausibility of life in extraterrestrial locations. Although most pseudomonads are mesophilic in nature, isolates such as the Antarctic Pseudomonas syringae Lz4W exhibit considerable psychrotolerance, with an ability to grow even between 4 and 0°C. In this review, we explore the molecular traits and characteristic phenotypes of P. syringae Lz4W that enable life at low temperatures. We describe adaptations that enhance membrane fluidity; examine genes involved in cellular function and survival in the cold; assess capability for energy generation at low temperature; and detail the mechanics of DNA repair and RNA processing at low temperature, and speculate that P. syringae Lz4W can also synthesize glycerol to maintain flexibility of macromolecular systems. In the range 4 to 0ºC, there are considerable changes in the properties and behaviour of water. Specifically, density can have adverse impacts on plasma‐membrane functions, cytoplasmic viscosity, protein behaviour, and other essential properties of cellular system. We identified a combination of adaptations that may be peculiar to cold‐tolerant P. syringae, including increase of unsaturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane; a RNA polymerase able to function at 0°C; RecBCD‐ and RuvAB‐dependent reestablishment of replication fork; and efficiencies of degradosome machinery and RNA processing by RNaseR at low temperature. Several unresolved questions are discussed in the context of astrobiology, and further work needed on the psychrotolerance of P. syringae.
FgPKS7 is an essential player in mating‐type‐mediated regulatory pathway required for completing sexual cycle in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Kim Da‐Woon , Shin Yoo‐Kyoung , Lee Sang‐Won , Wimonmuang Kanphassorn , Kang Kyo Bin , Lee Young‐Sang , Yun Sung‐Hwan 
Published: November 2020

SummarySecondary metabolism is intimately linked to developmental processes in filamentous fungi. In a previous study, we revealed that several polyketide synthase (PKS) genes, including FgPKS7, are specifically induced during formation of the sexual fruiting body (perithecium) in the cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum. The function of PKS7, which is essential for perithecial development and hyphal growth, is interchangeable between two phylogenetically related species, F. graminearum and F. asiaticum, but not conserved in the more distantly related species F. fujikuroi and F. neocosmosporiellum. FgPKS7 is under the control of global or upstream regulators including the mating‐type (MAT) locus and regulates numerous downstream genes that are transcriptionally specific to and functionally essential for sexual development, several other PKS genes, and ABC transporter genes for azole resistance in F. graminearum. FgPKS7 is an essential element for proper sexual development and participates in a regulatory network controlled by the MAT locus. Although the chemical identity of FgPKS7 remains unclear, FgPKS7 is likely involved in chemical reaction(s) for synthesis of metabolite(s) that control or promote perithecial maturation in F. graminearum. This study provides in‐depth insights into the direct role of secondary metabolites in sexual development of filamentous fungi.
Comparative genomic analysis of iprodione‐degrading Paenarthrobacter strains reveals the iprodione catabolic molecular mechanism in Paenarthrobacter sp. strain YJN‐5
Authors: Zhang Mingliang , Ren Yijun , Jiang Wankui , Wu Chenglong , Zhou Yidong , Wang Hui , Ke Zhijian , Gao Qinqin , Liu Xiaoan , Qiu Jiguo , Hong Qing 
Published: November 2020

SummaryDegradation of the fungicide iprodione by the Paenarthrobacter sp. strain YJN‐5 is initiated via hydrolysis of its N1 amide bond to form N‐(3,5‐dichlorophenyl)‐2,4‐dioxoimidazolidine. In this study, another iprodione‐degrading strain, Paenarthrobacter sp. YJN‐D, which harbours the same metabolic pathway as strain YJN‐5 was isolated and characterized. The genes that encode the conserved iprodione catabolic pathway were identified based on comparative analysis of the genomes of the two iprodione‐degrading Paenarthrobacter sp. and subsequent experimental validation. These genes include an amidase gene, ipaH (previously reported in AEM e01150‐18); a deacetylase gene, ddaH, which is responsible for hydantoin ring cleavage of N‐(3,5‐dichlorophenyl)‐2,4‐dioxoimidazolidine, and a hydrolase gene, duaH, which is responsible for cleavage of the urea side chain of (3,5‐dichlorophenylurea)acetic acid, thus yielding 3,5‐dichloroaniline as the end product. These iprodione‐catabolic genes are distributed on three plasmids in strain YJN‐5 and are highly conserved between the two iprodione‐degrading Paenarthrobacter strains. However, only the ipaH gene is flanked by a mobile genetic element. Two iprodione degradation cassettes bearing ipaH‐ddaH‐duaH were constructed and expressed in strains Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and Bacillus subtilis SCK6 respectively. Our findings enhance the current understanding of the microbial degradation mechanism of iprodione.
Isolation and genomic characterization of the ibuprofen‐degrading bacterium Sphingomonas strain MPO218
Authors: Aulestia Magaly , Flores Amando , Mangas Eugenio L. , Pérez‐Pulido Antonio J. , Santero Eduardo , Camacho Eva M. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryThe presence of pharmaceutical compounds in waters and soils is of particular concern because these compounds can be biologically active, even at environmental concentrations. Most pharmaceutical contaminants result from inefficient removal of these compounds during wastewater treatment. Although microorganisms able to biodegrade pharmaceuticals compounds have been described, the isolation and characterization of new bacterial strains capable of degrading drugs remain important to improve the removal of this pollutant. In this work, we describe the Sphingomonas wittichii strain MPO218 as able to use ibuprofen as the sole carbon and energy source. The genome of MPO218 consists of a circular chromosome and two circular plasmids. Our analysis shows that the largest plasmid, named pIBU218, is conjugative and can horizontally transfer the capability of growing on ibuprofen after conjugation with another related bacterium, Sphingopyxis granuli TFA. This plasmid appears to be unstable since it undergoes different deletions in absence of selection when growth on ibuprofen is not selected. This is the first described example of a natural and conjugative plasmid that enables growth on ibuprofen and is another example of how horizontal gene transfer plays a crucial role in the evolution of bacteria.
The marine bivalve molluscs pathogen Vibrio neptunius produces the siderophore amphibactin, which is widespread in molluscs microbiota
Authors: Galvis Fabián , Ageitos Lucía , Martínez‐Matamoros Diana , Barja Juan L. , Rodríguez Jaime , Lemos Manuel L. , Jiménez Carlos , Balado Miguel 
Published: November 2020

SummaryAmphiphilic siderophores, including amphibactins, are the most abundant siderophores in oceans. Genes putatively encoding the amphibactin system were proposed in some bacteria and homologues of these genes are particularly abundant in multiple bacterial lineages inhabitant of low‐iron seawater. However, since no defective mutant strains in any of these genes were studied to date, their role in amphibactin synthesis or uptake was not demonstrated. In this work, an in silico analysis of the genome of the mollusc pathogen Vibrio neptunius leads us to identify a gene cluster (denoted absABDEF) that is predicted to encode an amphibactin‐like siderophore and several mutant strains unable to synthesize or use siderophores were constructed. The results showed that genes absABDEF are required for amphibactin synthesis. A comparative chemical analysis of V. neptunius wild type and biosynthesis mutants allowed us to identify a mixture of nine amphibactin forms produced by this bacterium. In addition, the gene abtA is predicted to encode the ferri‐amphibactin outer membrane transporter. The prevalence of the amphibactin system in bivalve hemolymph microbiota was also studied. We found that the amphibactin system is widespread in hemolymph microbiota including both commensal and pathogenic bacterial species. Thus, its contribution to bacterial fitness must be more related to environmental persistence than to pathogenicity.
Consent and refusal of treatment by older children in emergency settings
Authors: Moritz Dominique , Ebbs Phillip 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe law recognises that children can exert an increasing level of autonomy and decision‐making about their healthcare as they mature, and that intelligence and maturity levels will vary from one child to the next. Therefore, the parameters for when older children can consent to healthcare can be a complex area for clinicians to navigate. Refusal of treatment provides additional challenges for clinicians because the law is less clear about when older children can be involved in refusing treatment which is in their best interests. This article outlines relevant legislation concerning child consent to treatment across Australian jurisdictions and examines refusal of treatment by children using the 2018 case of Mercy Hospitals Victoria v D1 & Anor.
Effect of radiographic disease severity in high‐resolution quantitative computed tomography assessment of metacarpophalangeal joint erosion and cysts
Authors: Blavnsfeldt Anne‐Birgitte Garm , Klose‐Jensen Rasmus , Thygesen Jesper , Therkildsen Philip , Langdahl Bente Lomholdt , Keller Kresten Krarup , Hauge Ellen‐Margrethe 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimBone erosions are the hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). High‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR‐pQCT) enables 3‐dimensional visualization of arthritic bone erosions at a high resolution. However, the degree of erosive disease could influence the reliability of HR‐pQCT evaluation. We aim to assess the intra‐ and inter‐reader variability of identification of erosions in the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints using HR‐pQCT in healthy controls and patients with RA, stratified according to van der Heijde‐modified Sharp Score (HSS) of radiographic erosions.MethodWe analyzed HR‐pQCT images from 78 patients with RA and 25 healthy controls. Patients were allocated to one of three groups of mild, moderate or severe disease according to HSS of MCP joints 2 and 3. Total HR‐pQCT scans were analyzed twice in random order by three experienced readers, blinded to group distribution. The number of cortical interruptions and their classification as either erosions or cysts according to predefined criteria were recorded. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for cortical interruptions, erosions and cysts were calculated for each group using a 2‐way random‐effects model for inter‐reader ICC and a 2‐way mixed‐effects model for intra‐reader ICC.ResultsThe intra‐ and inter‐reader ICC were good to moderate for cortical interruptions and moderate for erosions throughout disease severity groups. The ICCs for the identification of cysts decreased with increasing degree of erosive disease.ConclusionThe detection of cortical interruptions is only minimally affected by the degree of erosive damage, whereas the distinction between erosions and cysts is more complex in patients with extensive erosive disease.
NANDA‐I, NOC, and NIC linkages to SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19): Part 2. Individual response
Authors: Swanson Elizabeth , Mantovani Vanessa Monteiro , Wagner Cheryl , Moorhead Sue , Lopez Karen Dunn , Macieira Tamara Gonçalves Rezende , Abe Noriko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeTo provide guidance to nurses caring for individuals with COVID‐19, we developed linkages using interoperable standardized nursing terminologies: NANDA International (NANDA‐I) nursing diagnoses, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). We also identified potential new NANDA‐I nursing diagnoses, NOC outcomes, and NIC interventions for future development related to nurses’ role during a pandemic.MethodsUsing a consensus process, seven nurse experts created the linkages for individuals during the COVID 19 pandemic using the following steps: (a) creating an initial list of potential nursing diagnoses, (b) selecting and categorizing outcomes that aligned with all components of each nursing diagnosis selected, and (c) identifying relevant nursing interventions.FindingsA total of 16 NANDA‐I nursing diagnoses were identified as the foundation for the linkage work, organized in two dimensions, physiological and psychosocial. A total of 171 different NOC outcomes were identified to guide care based on the nursing diagnoses and 96 NIC interventions were identified as suggested interventions. A total of 13 proposed concepts were identified for potential future development across the three classifications.ConclusionsThe linkages of nursing diagnoses, outcomes, and interventions developed in this article provide a guide to enhance nursing practice and determine the effectiveness of nurses’ contribution to patient outcomes for individuals at risk for or infected by COVID‐19.Implications for nursing practiceNANDA‐I, NOC, and NIC linkages identified in this paper are an important example of the value of using standardized nursing terminologies to guide and document nursing care. When included in electronic health record databases and used widely, the data generated from the care plans can be used to create new knowledge about how to better improve outcomes for patients with COVID‐19.
Effect of alcohol label designs with different pictorial representations of alcohol content and health warnings on knowledge and understanding of low‐risk drinking guidelines: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gold Natalie , Egan Mark , Londakova Kristina , Mottershaw Abigail , Harper Hugo , Burton Robyn , Henn Clive , Smolar Maria , Walmsley Matthew , Arambepola Rohan , Watson Robin , Bowen Sarah , Greaves Felix 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsThe UK low‐risk drinking guidelines (LRDG) recommend not regularly drinking more than 14 units of alcohol per week. We tested the effect of different pictorial representations of alcohol content, some with a health warning, on knowledge of the LRDG and understanding of how many drinks it equates to.DesignParallel randomized controlled trial.SettingOn‐line, 25 January–1 February 2019.ParticipantsParticipants (n = 7516) were English, aged over 18 years and drink alcohol.InterventionsThe control group saw existing industry‐standard labels; six intervention groups saw designs based on: food labels (serving or serving and container), pictographs (servings or containers), pie charts (servings) or risk gradients. A total of 500 participants (~70 per condition) saw a health warning under the design.MeasurementsPrimary outcomes: (i) knowledge: proportion who answered that the LRDG is 14 units; and (ii) understanding: how many servings/containers of beverages one can drink before reaching 14 units (10 questions, average distance from correct answer).FindingsIn the control group, 21.5% knew the LRDG; proportions were higher in intervention groups (all P < 0.001). The three best‐performing designs had the LRDG in a separate statement, beneath the pictograph container: 51.1% [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.08–4.54], pictograph serving 48.8% (aOR = 4.11, 95% CI = 3.39–4.99) and pie‐chart serving, 47.5% (aOR = 3.57, 95% CI = 2.93–4.34). Participants underestimated how many servings they could drink: control mean = −4.64, standard deviation (SD) = 3.43; intervention groups were more accurate (all P < 0.001), best performing was pictograph serving (mean = −0.93, SD = 3.43). Participants overestimated how many containers they could drink: control mean = 0.09, SD = 1.02; intervention groups overestimated even more (all P < 0.007), worst‐performing was food label serving (mean = 1.10, SD = 1.27). Participants judged the alcohol content of beers more accurately than wine or spirits. The inclusion of a health warning had no statistically significant effect on any measure.ConclusionsLabels with enhanced pictorial representations of alcohol content improved knowledge and understanding of the UK's low‐risk drinking guidelines compared with industry‐standard labels; health warnings did not improve knowledge or understanding of low‐risk drinking guidelines. Designs that improved knowledge most had the low‐risk drinking guidelines in a separate statement located beneath the graphics.
Wildflower plantings on fruit farms provide pollen resources and increase nesting by stem nesting bees
Authors: Graham Kelsey K. , Perkins Jacquelyn A. , Peake Alexandrea , Killewald Michael , Zavalnitskaya Jennifer , Wilson Julianna K. , Isaacs Rufus 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWildflower plantings on farms have been shown to attract foraging wild bees, however, whether these added floral resources increase nesting densities of bees remains largely untested.
We placed nest boxes containing natural reeds at 20 fruit farms in Michigan. We then compared nesting densities between farms with and without wildflower plantings and analysed nest provisions to evaluate use of wildflower plantings for brood provisioning.
We found significantly greater nesting at farms with wildflower plantings, with only one out of 236 completed nests at a farm without a planting. The majority of nests were completed by Megachile pugnata, with a portion of nests completed by Osmia caerulescens.
We found that nesting bees collected pollen from only a subset of the available flowers in the wildflower plantings, with a strong preference for Centaurea maculosa, and Rudbeckia type pollens. While these species were found growing in the plantings, only Rudbeckia type species were seeded in the plantings.
This study provides evidence that wildflower plantings (though not only seeded species) are filling a critical resource gap for stem‐nesting bees in agricultural landscapes and likely support local populations.