bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflections on Ambulatory Care Nursing and the Impact of the Clinical Nurse Specialist
Authors: Cavanaugh Kati Jo , Kronebusch Beckie Jean , Luedke Tabitha Crystal , Pike Marsha Lynn 
Published: December 2020

Objective
The aims of this study were to identify and discuss reflections of ambulatory care nursing and the integral role of the clinical nurse specialist (CNS) in defining nursing practice in the ambulatory care setting.

Description of Project
Three CNSs and a CNS student, all assigned to the ambulatory care setting, discussed their experiences supporting nursing practice in the ambulatory care setting. Major reflections were identified, organized, and then expounded from personal experiences and published studies to highlight the impacts of the CNS in ambulatory care nursing.

Outcomes
Four major reflections were identified: ambulatory nursing is complex, ambulatory care nursing is in its infancy, ambulatory care nursing adds value, and opportunities exist for measuring the impact of ambulatory care nursing. Progress is being made in determining the role of the nurse in the ambulatory care setting, but more work is required. The CNS is prepared to define nursing practice in the ambulatory care setting and develop nursing-specific resources that support nurses in practicing to the full extent of their licensure.

Conclusion
The ambulatory care setting is expected to support the majority of the healthcare needs of the future. Ambulatory care nurses are well suited to meaningfully contribute to patient care. Evidence-based nursing practice in this setting is vital to ensure safe, quality patient care.
Confirmation and fine mapping of the resistance locus Ren9 from the grapevine cultivar ‘Regent’
Authors: Zendler Daniel , Töpfer Reinhard , Zyprian Eva 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGrapevine (Vitis vinifera ssp. vinifera) is a major fruit crop with high economic importance. Due to its susceptibility towards fungal pathogens such as Erysiphe necator and Plasmopara viticola, the causal agents of powdery and downy mildew (PM, DM), grapevine growers annually face a major challenge in coping with shortfall of yield caused by these diseases. Here we report the confirmation of a genetic resource for grapevine resistance breeding against PM. During the delimitation process of Ren3 on chromosome 15 from the cultivar ‘Regent’, a second resistance-encoding region on chromosome 15 termed Ren9 was characterized. It mediates a trailing necrosis associated with the appressoria of E. necator and restricts pathogen growth. In this study, we confirm this QTL in a related mapping population of ‘Regent’ x ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’. The data show that this locus is located at the upper arm of chromosome 15 between markers GF15-58 (0.15 Mb) and GF15-53 (4 Mb). The efficiency of the resistance against one of the prominent European PM isolates (EU-B) is demonstrated. Based on fine-mapping and literature knowledge we propose two possible regions of interest and supply genetic markers to follow both regions in marker assisted selection.
Computational prediction of protein subdomain stability inMYBPC3enables clinical risk stratification in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and enhances variant interpretation
Authors: Thompson Andrea D. , Helms Adam S. , Kannan Anamika , Yob Jaime , Lakdawala Neal K. , Wittekind Samuel G. , Pereira Alexandre C. , Jacoby Daniel L. , Colan Steven D. , Ashley Euan A. , Saberi Sara , Ware James S. , Ingles Jodie , Semsarian Christopher , Michels Michelle , Mazzarotto Francesco , Olivotto Iacopo , Ho Carolyn Y. , Day Sharlene M. ,   SHaRe investigators
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeVariants inMYBPC3causing loss-of-function are the most common cause of HCM. However, a substantial number of patients carry missense variants of uncertain significance (VUS) inMYBPC3.We hypothesize that a structural-based algorithm, STRUM, which estimates the effect of missense variants on protein folding, will improve clinical risk stratification of patients with HCM and aMYBPC3VUS.MethodsAmong 7,963 patients in the multi-center Sarcomeric Human Cardiomyopathy Registry, 120 unique missense VUSs inMYBPC3were identified. Variants were evaluated for their effect on subdomain folding and a stratified time-to-event analysis for an overall composite endpoint (first occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia, heart failure, all-cause mortality, atrial fibrillation, and stroke) was performed for patients with HCM and aMYBPC3missense VUS.ResultsWe demonstrated that patients carrying aMYBPC3VUS predicted to cause subdomain misfolding (STRUM +, ΔΔG ≤-1.2 kcal/mol) exhibited a higher rate of adverse events compared to those with a STRUM-VUS (Hazard Ratio=2.29, P=0.0282).In silicosaturation mutagenesis ofMYBPC3identified 4,943/23,427 (21%) missense variants that were predicted to cause subdomain misfolding.ConclusionsSTRUM enables clinical risk stratification of patients with HCM and aMYBPC3VUS and has the capacity to improve prognostic predictions and clinical decision making.
Metabolic selection of a homologous recombination mediated loss of glycosomal fumarate reductase inTrypanosoma brucei
Authors: Wargnies Marion , Plazolles Nicolas , Schenk Robin , Villafraz Oriana , Dupuy Jean-William , Biran Marc , Bachmaier Sabine , Baudouin Hélène , Clayton Christine , Boshart Michael , Bringaud Frédéric 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe genome of trypanosomatids is rearranged at the level of repeated sequences, where serve as platforms for amplification or deletion of genomic segments. We report here that thePEPCKgene knockout (Δpepck) leads to the selection of such a deletion event between theFRDgandFRDm2genes to produce a chimericFRDg-m2gene in the Δpepck*cell line. FRDg is expressed in peroxisome-like organelles, named glycosomes, expression of FRDm2 has not been detected to date, and FRDg-m2 is a non-functional cytosolic FRD. Re-expression of FRDg significantly impaired growth of the Δpepck*cells, while inhibition ofFRDg-m2expression had no effect, which indicated that this recombination event has been selected in the Δpepck*cells to eliminate FRDg. FRD activity was not involved in the FRDg-mediated negative effect, while its auto-flavinylation motif is required to impair growth. Considering that (i) FRDs are known to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) by transferring electrons from their flavin moiety(ies) to oxygen, (ii) intracellular ROS production is essential for the differentiation of procyclic to epimastigote forms of the parasite and (iii) the fumarate reductase activity is not essential for the parasite, we propose that the main role of FRD is to produce part of the ROS necessary to complete the parasitic cycle in the tsetse fly. In this context, the negative effect of FRDg expression in the PEPCK null background is interpreted as an increased production of ROS from oxygen since fumarate, the natural electron acceptor of FRDg, is no longer produced in glycosomes.
Cross-Modality Protein Embedding for Compound-Protein Affinity and Contact Prediction
Authors: You Yuning , Shen Yang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCompound-protein pairs dominate FDA-approved drug-target pairs and the prediction of compound-protein affinity and contact (CPAC) could help accelerate drug discovery. In this study we consider proteins as multi-modal data including 1D amino-acid sequences and (sequence-predicted) 2D residue-pair contact maps. We empirically evaluate the embeddings of the two single modalities in their accuracy and generalizability of CPAC prediction (i.e. structure-free interpretable compound-protein affinity prediction). And we rationalize their performances in both challenges of embedding individual modalities and learning generalizable embedding-label relationship. We further propose two models involving cross-modality protein embedding and establish that the one with cross interaction (thus capturing correlations among modalities) outperforms SOTAs and our single modality models in affinity, contact, and binding-site predictions for proteins never seen in the training set.
Muscle specific translational control of Cand2 by mTORC1 regulates adverse cardiac remodeling
Authors: Gorska Agnieszka A. , Sandmann Clara , Riechert Eva , Hofmann Christoph , Malovrh Ellen , Varma Eshita , Kmietczyk Vivien , Jürgensen Lonny , Kamuf-Schenk Verena , Stroh Claudia , Furkel Jennifer , Konstandin Matthias H. , Sticht Carsten , Boileau Etienne , Dieterich Christoph , Katus Hugo A. , Doroudgar Shirin , Völkers Mirko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of pathological remodeling in the heart by activating ribosomal biogenesis and mRNA translation. Inhibition of mTOR in cardiomyocytes is protective, however, a detailed role of mTOR in translational regulation of specific mRNA networks in the diseased heart is largely unknown. A cardiomyocyte genome-wide sequencing approach was used to define mTOR-dependent post-transcriptional gene expression control at the level of mRNA translation. This approach identified the muscle-specific protein Cullin-associated NEDD8-dissociated protein 2 (Cand2) as a translationally upregulated gene, dependent on the activity of mTOR. Deletion of Cand2 protects the myocardium against pathological remodeling. Mechanistically, we found that Cand2 links mTOR signaling to pathological cell growth by increasing Grk5 protein expression. Our data suggest that cell-type-specific targeting of mTOR might have therapeutic value for adverse pathological cardiac remodeling.
Molecular basis for gating of cardiac ryanodine receptor: underlying mechanisms for gain- and loss-of function mutations
Authors: Kobayashi Takuya , Tsutsumi Akihisa , Kurebayashi Nagomi , Saito Kei , Kodama Masami , Sakurai Takashi , Kikkawa Masahide , Murayama Takashi , Ogawa Haruo 
Published: December 2020

SummaryCardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) is a large Ca2+release channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and indispensable for excitation-contraction coupling in the heart. RyR2 is activated by Ca2+and RyR2 mutations are implicated in severe arrhythmogenic diseases. Yet, the structural basis underlying channel opening and how mutations affect the channel remain unknown. Here, we addressed gating mechanism of RyR2 by combining high-resolution structures determined by cryo-electron microscopy with quantitative functional analysis of channels carrying various mutations in specific residues. We demonstrated two fundamental mechanisms for channel gating: interactions close to the channel pore stabilize the channel to prevent hyperactivity and a series of interactions in the surrounding regions is necessary for channel opening upon Ca2+binding. Mutations at the residues involved in the former and the latter mechanisms cause gain-of-function and loss-of-function, respectively. Our results reveal gating mechanisms of the RyR2 channel and alterations by pathogenic mutations at the atomic level.
Empty sella syndrome as a window into the neuroprotective effects of prolactin
Authors: Paul David A. , Strawderman Emma , Rodriguez Alejandra , Hoang Ricky , Schneider Colleen L. , Haber Sam , Chernoff Benjamin L. , Shafiq Ismat , Williams Zoë R. , Vates G. Edward , Mahon Bradford Z. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDTo correlate structural integrity of visual pathway white matter tracts with prolactin levels in a patient who demonstrates downward herniation of the optic chiasm secondary to medical treatment of a prolactinoma.METHODSA 36-year-old woman with a prolactinoma presented with progressive bilateral visual field defects nine years after initial diagnosis and medical treatment. She was diagnosed with empty-sella syndrome and instructed to stop cabergoline. Hormone testing was conducted in tandem with routine clinical evaluations over one year and the patient was followed with diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and automated perimetry at three time points. Five healthy controls underwent a complementary battery of clinical and neuroimaging tests at a single time point.RESULTSShortly after discontinuing cabergoline, diffusion metrics in the optic tracts were within the range of values observed in healthy controls. However, following a brief period where the patient resumed cabergoline (of her own volition), there was a decrease in serum prolactin with a corresponding decrease in visual ability and increase in radial diffusivity (p<0.001). Those measures again returned to their baseline ranges after discontinuing cabergoline a second time.CONCLUSIONSThese results demonstrate the sensitivity of dMRI to detect rapid and functionally significant microstructural changes in white matter tracts secondary to alterations in serum prolactin levels. The inverse relations between prolactin and measures of diffusion and visual function provide support for a neuroprotective role of prolactin in the injured nervous system.
Four-Dimensional Sparse Bayesian Tensor Decomposition for Gene Expression Data
Authors: Gill Christopher C. , Marchini Jonathan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDisease etiology may be better understood through the study of gene expression in four dimensional (4D) experiments that consist of measurements on multiple individuals, genes, tissues and under multiple conditions or through time. We have developed a sparse Bayesian four dimensional tensor decomposition method aimed at uncovering latent components or gene networks that could be linked to genetic variation. We used a Variational Bayes algorithm to fit the model which provides fast and accurate analysis. In this brief note we illustrate the utility of the method using simulated datasets, and show that when 4D data is available our method shows improved performance in estimating the true structure in the dataset, when compared to using a 3D method on a single slice of the 4D dataset. We also compare the results of the 4D method to that of the 3D method on a suitable unfolding of the dataset, demonstrating that similar performance is observed in this case, while the 4D method accurately recovers the additional structure in the data. We provide software that implements the method in R.
Investigating the role of APOE: limitations of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoids
Authors: Hernández Damián , Rooney Louise A. , Daniszewski Maciej , Gulluyan Lerna , Liang Helena H. , Cook Anthony L. , Hewitt Alex W. , Pébay Alice 
Published: December 2020

SummaryApolipoprotein E (APOE) is the most important susceptibility gene for late onset of Alzheimer’s disease, with the presence of APOE-ε4 associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we reprogrammed human fibroblasts from individuals with differentAPOE-εgenotypes into induced pluripotent stem cells, and generated isogenic lines with different APOE profiles. We then differentiated these into cerebral organoids for six months and assessed the suitability of thisin vitrosystem to measure APOE, β amyloid, and Tau phosphorylation levels. We identified intra- and inter-variabilities in the organoids’ cell composition. Using the CRISPR-editedAPOEisogenic lines, we observed more homogenous cerebral organoids, and similar levels of APOE, β amyloid, and Tau between the isogenic lines, with the exception of one site of Tau phosphorylation which was higher in the APOE-ε4/ε4 organoids. These data describe that pathological hallmarks of AD are observed in cerebral organoids, and that their variation is mainly independent of theAPOE-εstatus of the cells, but associated with the high variability of cerebral organoid differentiation. It demonstrates that the batch-to-batch and cell-line-to-cell-line variabilities need to be considered when using cerebral organoids.
‘Star’ring a ‘new’ sport in India: pro kabaddi league
Authors: Jayakumar Tulsi 
Published: December 2020

Learning outcomes
To understand: – the demand and supply side challenges in launching a new product in sports. – Factors, which go into the making of a successful “new” sport. – The role of planning in sport management.

Case overview/synopsis
In July 2017, on the eve of Pro Kabaddi League (PKL) Season 5, kabaddi had emerged as one of India’s most important non-cricketing sport. PKL was India’s first men’s professional kabaddi league, introduced by Mashal Sports and Star India in 2014. Kabaddi was an indigenous sport, and India had an unbeaten international track record as world champions. Yet, the sport and its players had never received their due in India. In 2017, while kabaddi’s popularity had increased, leading to sponsorship opportunities, huge player bids, prize money and television viewership, all was not quite hunky-dory. A women’s kabaddi league introduced only the previous year had not been continued, despite an extended format in 2017. The audience profile also did not match that envisaged by Star. As a unique creator of sports content, Star was in an enviable position in India; and so was Kabaddi as a sport. How had Star created a new property around an indigenous sport with rural and rustic associations, transforming it into a snazzy, up-market sport within just three years, even while leagues involving other popular sports failed to create a mark? Could Star sustain this interest? How could kabaddi retain its “star” position within Star’s stable?

Complexity academic level
In an undergraduate or a postgraduate programme in business administration.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Tax avoidance and stock price crash risk: mitigating role of managerial ability
Authors: Garg Mukesh , Khedmati Mehdi , Meng Fanjie , Thoradeniya Prabanga 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine whether the quality of management can mitigate the positive association between corporate tax avoidance and firm-specific stock price crash risk (SPCR).Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on data from the Center for Research in Security Prices (CRSP), Compustat and ExecuComp and focuses on US-listed firms from 1980 to 2016. The authors employ ordinary least squares (OLS) regression as the baseline methodology and use five measures of tax avoidance and three measures of SPCR. Propensity score matching (PSM) and two-stage least squares methodologies are employed to address endogeneity concerns.FindingsThe authors find that more able managers weaken the positive relationship between tax avoidance and SPCR. The results suggest that the benefits of efficient tax management are more likely in firms with a more able management team as the likelihood of SPCR due to tax avoidance practices is reduced in such firms.Practical implicationsThis study has important practical implications for investors who are concerned about firms that engage in tax planning activities that can reduce corporate taxes, but at the same time increase the SPCR. Considering the compelling arguments and the “dark” side of more able managers who may engage in opportunistic behaviour, the study provides useful evidence in support of more able managers.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the SPCR literature by examining the effect of managerial ability on the likelihood of tax avoidance causing SPCR. Able managers are likely to lower the risk faced by investors and are less likely to extract rent and manipulate information. Therefore, the findings of this study have implications for investors by informing them of the negative value implications of tax avoidance and how they can be mitigated by hiring more able managers.
COVID-19 prediction and symptom analysis using wearable sensors and IoT
Authors: R. Karthickraja , R. Kumar , S. Kirubakaran , L. Jegan Antony Marcilin , R. Manikandan 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of the research work is to focus on the deployment of wearable sensors in addressing symptom Analysis in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment to reduce human interaction in this epidemic circumstances.

Design/methodology/approach
COVID-19 pandemic has distracted the world into an unaccustomed situation in the recent past. The pandemic has pulled us toward data harnessing and focused on the digital framework to monitor the COVID-19 cases seriously, as there is an urge to detect the disease, wearable sensors aided in predicting the incidence of COVID-19. This COVID-19 has initiated many technologies like cloud computing, edge computing, IoT devices, artificial intelligence. The deployment of sensor devices has tremendously increased. Similarly, IoT applications have witnessed many innovations in addressing the COVID-19 crisis. State-of-the-art focuses on IoT factors and symptom features deploying wearable sensors for predicting the COVID-19 cases. The working model incorporates wearable devices, clinical therapy, monitoring the symptom, testing suspected cases and elements of IoT. The present research sermonizes on symptom analysis and risk factors that influence the coronavirus by acknowledging the respiration rate and oxygen saturation (SpO2). Experiments were proposed to carry out with chi-Square distribution with independent measures t-Test.

Findings
IoT devices today play a vital role in analyzing COVID-19 cases effectively. The research work incorporates wearable sensors, human interpretation and Web server, statistical analysis with IoT factors, data management and clinical therapy. The research is initiated with data collection from wearable sensors, data retrieval from the cloud server, pre-processing and categorizing based on age and gender information. IoT devices contribute to tracking and monitoring the patients for prerequisites. The suspected cases are tested based on symptom factors such as temperature, oxygen level (SPO2), respiratory rate variation and continuous investigation, and these demographic factors are taken for analyzed based on the gender and age factors of the collected data with the IoT factors thus presenting a cutting edge construction design in clinical trials.

Originality/value
The contemporary study comprehends 238 data through wearable sensors and transmitted through an IoT gateway to the cloud server. Few data are considered as outliers and discarded for analysis. Only 208 data are contemplated for statistical examination. These filtered data are proclaimed using chi-square distribution with t-test measure correlating the IoT factors. The research also interprets the demographic features that induce IoT factors using alpha and beta parameters showing the equal variance with the degree of freedom (df = 206).
Smartphone-based electrochemical sensor for assessing COVID-19 infected patients
Authors: R. Ganesh Babu , A. Balaji , K. Kavin Kumar , Maurya Sudhanshu , M.N. Saravana Kumar 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of the study is to highlight the potential of the sensor based smartphone in assessing the covid-19 cases. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a noxious pandemic affecting the respiratory system of the human and leading to the severe acute respiratory syndrome, sometimes causing death. COVID-19 is a highly transmittable disease that spreads from an infected person to others. In this regard, a smart device is required to monitor the COVID-19 infected patients by which widespread pandemic can be reduced.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, an electrochemical sensor-enabled smartphone has been developed to assess the COVID-19 infected patients. The data-enabled smartphone uses the Internet of Things (IoT) to share the details with the other devices. The electrochemical sensor enables the smartphone to evaluate the ribonucleic acid (RNA) of COVID-19 without the nucleic acid and feeds the data into the data server by using a smartphone.

Findings
The obtained result identifies the infected person by using the portable electrochemical sensor-enabled smartphone, and the data is feed into the data server using the IoT. Whenever an infected person moves outside the restricted zone, the data server gives information to the concerned department.

Originality/value
The developed electrochemical sensor-enabled smartphone gives an accuracy of 81% in assessing the COVID-19 cases. Thus, through the developed approach, a COVID-19 infected person can be identified and the spread can be minimized.