bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety Among First-Year University Students in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Islam Saiful , Akter Rejina , Sikder Tajuddin , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUniversity students, especially those in their first year, not only face challenges related to their personal life but also to their academic performance. Such unfavorable conditions predispose them to psychological illnesses such as depression and anxiety. The present study surveyed first-year undergraduate students to assess the prevalence of depression and anxiety and their potential underlying reasons. A cross-sectional questionnaire was conducted with 400 first-year university students aged between 18 and 23 years residing at Jahangirnagar University (in Bangladesh). After providing informed consent, the participants completed a survey examining socio-demographic variables and behavioral variables, along with the PHQ-9 scale, and the GAD-7 scale. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine the significant associations between the variables under examination. The prevalence rates of moderate to extremely severe levels of depression and anxiety were 69.5% and 61%, respectively, with no significant gender differences. The main risk factors for depression were unsatisfactory sleep quality and lack of physical exercise. The main risk factor for anxiety was excessive internet use. The prevalence of depression and anxiety levels among first-year university students was high in the present study and appears to confirm the notion that first-year university students are a vulnerable group for mental illnesses. The findings suggest the need for intervention programs, alongside adequate and appropriate supportive services for Bangladeshi university students.
Time trend analysis of thyroid cancer surgery in China: single institutional database analysis of 15,000 patients
Authors: Sui Chengqiu , Liang Nan , Du Rui , He Qiao , Zhang Daqi , Li Fang , Fu Yantao , Dionigi Gianlorenzo , Sun Hui 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurposeThe institutional database of the Thyroid Surgery Division in China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University was queried to audit time trend patterns in thyroid cancer (TC) management between 2008 and 2017.MethodsRetrospective longitudinal analysis. Clinicopathological features and treatment strategies were analyzed. Frequencies and multivariate tests were used to detect correlations.ResultsClinical data were obtained from 15,000 TC patients (i.e., 71.3% of 21,044 operations). Papillary was the most common histological subtype (n = 14,916, 99%), and 76% were microcarcinomas. Stage I (95%) and low-risk patients (58%) were prevalent throughout the 10-year period. The trend for total thyroidectomy increased from 29.1% (2008–2012) to 67.9% (2013–2015), and then dropped to 48.6% (2016–2017). A total of 8827 (52%) patients received central lymph node dissection (CLND). The tendency for CLND increased from 15.7 to 86.4% during the 10-year period. While the trend of lateral lymph node dissection decreased from 71.3 to 13.3%. Radioactive iodine therapy was offered to 10% of patients (2008–2012), except for a low value (5.4%) in 2009, and then increased from 12.3% (2012) to 41.3% (2015), while decreased to 32.4% (2017).ConclusionThe surgical management of TC patients has undergone continuous changes over the past 10 years. The evolution from aggressive treatment to a more conservative approach has been constant. Our results suggest that the current surgical management approach for TC is adequate and in support of the published guidelines. Our findings warrant further investigation to determine the clinical implications of decision making for TC.
A case of the lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to Dieulafoy’s ulcer in the cecum
Authors: Kinoshita Keisuke , Matsunari Osamu , Sonoda Akira , Fukuda Kensuke , Okamoto Kazuhisa , Ogawa Ryo , Mizukami Kazuhiro , Okimoto Tadayoshi , Kodama Masaaki , Murakami Kazunari 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGastrointestinal Dieulafoy’s ulcer is a rare disease of unknown etiology. Dieulafoy’s ulcer often presents in the stomach and is thought to cause about 5% of all gastrointestinal bleeds in adults, but can be found in any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Dieulafoy’s ulcer corresponds to an arterial malformation in the submucosal space and can cause life-threatening hemorrhage. We report a case of the lower gastrointestinal bleeding from a cecal Dieulafoy’s ulcer that was successfully treated with endoscopic clips. An 82-year-old woman had been diagnosed with hypertension and cerebral infarction. She had been using aspirin to prevent recurrent infarction. She was admitted to our hospital with hematochezia. Urgent colonoscopy revealed a small, reddish vascular malformation in the cecum. The lesion was suggestive of Dieulafoy’s ulcer and was treated with endoscopic clips. The patient has since been discharged from our hospital without experiencing any further bleeding. Endoscopy is a useful method for diagnosing and treating Dieulafoy’s ulcer.
Uncertainty reduction of interval inversion estimation results using a factor analysis approach
Authors: Abordán Armand , Szabó Norbert Péter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the impact of the overdetermination (data-to-unknowns) ratio on the global inversion of wireline logging data. In the course of the so-called interval inversion method, geophysical data measured in a borehole over a longer depth range is jointly inverted and the depth variation of the investigated petrophysical parameters are expanded into series using Legendre polynomials as basis functions resulting in a highly overdetermined inverse problem. A metaheuristic Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) approach is applied as a first phase of inversion for decreasing the starting model dependence of the interval inversion procedure. In the subsequent linear inversion steps, by using the measurement error of logging tools and the covariance matrix of the estimated petrophysical parameters, we can quantify the accuracy of the model parameters. The dataset used in this study consists of nuclear, resistivity and sonic logs which are inverted to compute porosity, shale volume and water saturation along the investigated interval. For increasing the data-to-unknowns ratio of the inverse problem, shale volume is estimated separately by a PSO-based factor analysis and fixed as known parameter for the interval inversion process. Since the shale volume has been described as high degree Legendre polynomial, a significant increase of the overdetermination ratio considerably decreases the uncertainty of the remaining model parameters allowing for a more reliable calculation of hydrocarbon content.
Solution of the 3D density-driven groundwater flow problem with uncertain porosity and permeability
Authors: Litvinenko Alexander , Logashenko Dmitry , Tempone Raul , Wittum Gabriel , Keyes David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe pollution of groundwater, essential for supporting populations and agriculture, can have catastrophic consequences. Thus, accurate modeling of water pollution at the surface and in groundwater aquifers is vital. Here, we consider a density-driven groundwater flow problem with uncertain porosity and permeability. Addressing this problem is relevant for geothermal reservoir simulations, natural saline-disposal basins, modeling of contaminant plumes and subsurface flow predictions. This strongly nonlinear time-dependent problem describes the convection of a two-phase flow, whereby a liquid flows and propagates into groundwater reservoirs under the force of gravity to form so-called “fingers”. To achieve an accurate numerical solution, fine spatial resolution with an unstructured mesh and, therefore, high computational resources are required. Here we run a parallelized simulation toolbox ug4 with a geometric multigrid solver on a parallel cluster, and the parallelization is carried out in physical and stochastic spaces. Additionally, we demonstrate how the ug4 toolbox can be run in a black-box fashion for testing different scenarios in the density-driven flow. As a benchmark, we solve the Elder-like problem in a 3D domain. For approximations in the stochastic space, we use the generalized polynomial chaos expansion. We compute the mean, variance, and exceedance probabilities for the mass fraction. We use the solution obtained from the quasi-Monte Carlo method as a reference solution.
Impact of heavy metal contamination and seasonal variations on enzyme’s activity of Yamuna river soil in Delhi and NCR
Authors: Sharma Ranju , Singh Ngangbam Sarat , Singh Dileep K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractYamuna river is one of the most important rivers of India and is highly polluted. The river water and the adjacent soil are contaminated with various pollutants including heavy metals. Soil enzymes play important role in various bio-geochemical cycles and help in maintaining nutrient availability of soil. They are very sensitive toward changing environment and therefore act as a key indicator of soil health. In the present study, effects of seasonal variations and heavy metals contamination in Yamuna river water were observed on physicochemical properties and enzyme activities of soil. Soil samples were collected from ten different locations, along the course of the Yamuna river in Delhi–NCR, in three different seasons, i.e., summer, rainy and winter. These sampling sites were divided into three segments, up, middle and lower streams. The concentrations of heavy metals were found to be higher than their safe limit at all the ten sampling points. The total organic carbon content and soil respiration was significantly higher in lower stream. Dehydrogenase enzyme activity was higher in winter season, while urease and arginine deaminase enzyme activity was higher in summer season. Dehydrogenase, arginine deaminase and nitrate reductase enzyme activities were higher in lower streams, while urease enzyme shows maximum activity in the up stream. Thus, we conclude that the continuous application of Yamuna water for irrigation may degrade the soil quality.
Geo-spatial analysis of irrigation water quality of Pudukkottai district
Authors: Ramachandran Muthulakshmi Yuvaraj 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGroundwater becomes a vital source of irrigation for agriculture in the recess of rainfall. The acceptable groundwater quality becomes essential for agriculture not only to get the utmost crop yield but also to protect the land from degradation. The main intent of the study is to investigate the condition of groundwater quality for crop irrigation of Pudukkottai districts using an irrigation water quality index. To achieve the objective of the study, the entire Pudukkottai district groundwater samples have been collected from twenty-six wells in the year 2000 and 2015. The water quality parameters of total dissolved substance, sodium adsorption ratio, electrical conductivity, sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca+2), magnesium (Mg+2), bicarbonate (HCO3), chlorine (Cl−) and pH have been analyzed. The study concludes that irrigation water quality has been reduced throughout the year from 2000 to 2015, and a water quality index additionally shows the worst-case situation in terms of the status of irrigational groundwater quality of the Pudukkottai district which ends up in land degradation.
Governing energy consumption in China: a comprehensive assessment of the energy conservation target responsibility system
Authors: Lo Kevin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe governance of energy consumption in China is of environmental significance from the standpoints of preventing local air pollution and global climate change. At the heart of China’s energy governance system is the energy conservation target responsibility system (ECTRS). This article examines this important governance instrument from three key aspects. First, it explains the role of the ECTRS in China’s authoritarian yet decentralized governance system. Second, it traces the development of the ECTRS over the last decade, with a specific focus on the reforms introduced in the 13th 5-Year Plan (2016–2020), particularly the energy caps. Third, it analyzes the limitations of the ECTRS and provides a policy outlook in the context of growing domestic and international interests in energy conservation.
Epitranscriptomic 5-Methylcytosine Profile in PM2.5-Induced Mouse Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Han Xiao , Liu Hanchen , Zhang Zezhong , Yang Wenlan , Wu Chunyan , Liu Xueying , Zhang Fang , Sun Baofa , Zhao Yongliang , Jiang Guibin , Yang Yun-Gui , Ding Wenjun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Exposure of airborne particulate matter (PM) with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) is epidemiologically associated with lung dysfunction and respiratory symptoms, including pulmonary fibrosis. However, whether epigenetic mechanisms are involved in PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis is currently poorly understood. Herein, using a PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis mouse model, we found that PM2.5 exposure leads to aberrant mRNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) gain and loss in fibrotic lung tissues. Moreover, we showed the m5C-mediated regulatory map of gene functions in pulmonary fibrosis after PM2.5 exposure. Several genes act as m5C gain-upregulated factors, probably critical for the development of PM2.5-induced fibrosis in mouse lungs. These genes, including Lcn2, Mmp9, Chi3l1, Adipoq, Atp5j2, Atp5l, Atpif1, Ndufb6, Fgr, Slc11a1, and Tyrobp, are highly related to oxidative stress response, inflammatory responses, and immune system processes. Our study illustrates the first epitranscriptomic RNA m5C profile in PM2.5-induced pulmonary fibrosis and will be valuable in identifying biomarkers for PM2.5 exposure-related lung pathogenesis with translational potential.
Sexual Dysfunction and Mood Stabilizers in Long-Term Stable Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: García-Blanco Ana , García-Portilla María P. , Fuente-Tomás Lorena de la , Batalla María , Sánchez-Autet Mónica , Arranz Belén , Safont Gemma , Arqués Sergio , Livianos Lorenzo , Sierra Pilar 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to factors intrinsic to bipolar disorder (BD), sexual functioning (SF) can be affected by extrinsic causes, such as psychotropic drugs. However, the effect of mood stabilizers on SF and quality of life (QoL) is an underexplored research area.AimTo analyze SF in BD outpatients in euthymia for at least 6 months treated only with mood stabilizers and the association between SF and QoL.MethodsA multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in 114 BD outpatients treated with (i) lithium alone (L group); (ii) anticonvulsants alone (valproate or lamotrigine; A group); (iii) lithium plus anticonvulsants (L+A group); or (iv) lithium plus benzodiazepines (L+B group). The Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire Short Form (CSFQ-14) was used. Statistical analyses were performed to compare CSFQ-14 scores among the pharmacological groups. An adaptive lasso was used to identify potential confounding variables, and linear regression models were used to study the association of the CSFQ-14 with QoL.Main Outcome MeasuresSelf-reports on phases of the sexual response cycle (ie, desire, arousal, and orgasm) and QoL were assessed.ResultsThe A group had better total SF scores than the L group and the L+B group. Relative to the A group, the L and L+B groups had worse sexual desire; the L group had worse sexual arousal; and the L+A group and the L+B group had worse sexual orgasm. Regarding sociodemographic factors, being female and older age were associated with worse total SF and all subscale scores. Among all subscales scores, higher sexual arousal scores were associated with better QoL.Clinical ImplicationsPotential modified extrinsic factors such as psychotropic medication that can affect SF can be addressed and adjusted to lessen side effects on SF.Strengths & LimitationsSample of patients with euthymic BD in treatment with mood stabilizers and no antipsychotics or antidepressants, substance use as an exclusion criterion, and use of a validated, gender-specific scale to evaluate SF. Major limitations were cross-sectional design, sample size, and lack of information about stability of relationship with partner.ConclusionsLithium in monotherapy or in combination with benzodiazepines is related to worse total SF and worse sexual desire than anticonvulsants in monotherapy. While the addition of benzodiazepines or anticonvulsants to lithium negatively affects sexual orgasm, sexual arousal (which plays a significant role in QoL) improves when benzodiazepines are added to lithium. Anticonvulsants in monotherapy have the least negative effects on SF in patients with BD.
Clinical Characterization of Traumatic Acute Interhemispheric Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Léveillé Etienne , Schur Solon , AlAzri Ahmed , Couturier Charles , Maleki Mohamed , Marcoux Judith 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT:Object:Interhemispheric subdural hematomas (IHSDHs) are thought to be rare. Surgical management of these lesions presents a challenge as they are in close proximity to the sagittal sinus and bridging veins. IHSDHs are poorly characterized clinically and their exact incidence is unknown. There are also no clear guidelines for the management of IHSDH.Methods:This is a retrospective review of all admitted patients with a diagnosis of traumatic brain injury over a 4-year period at a Level I trauma centre. Clinical characteristics of all patients with subdural hematoma (SDH) and IHSDH were collected.Results:Of 2165 admissions, 1182 patients had acute traumatic SDHs, 420 patients had IHSDHs (1.9% of admissions and 35.5% of SDH), 35 (8.3% of IHSDH) were ≥8 mm in width. IHSDH was isolated in 16 (3.8%) of the cases. Average age was 61.7 ± 21.5 years for all IHSDHs and 77.1 ± 10.4 for large IHSDH (p < 0.001). For large IHSDH, a transient loss of consciousness (LOC) occurred in 51.5% of individuals, post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) in 47.8% of cases, and motor weakness in 37.9% of patients. Five of the large IHSDH patients presented with motor deficits directly related to the IHSDH, and weakness resolved in four of these five individuals. None were treated surgically. Progression of IHSDH width occurred in one patient.Conclusion:IHSDHs are often referred to as rare entities. Our results show they are common. Conservative management is appropriate to manage most IHSDHs, as most resolve spontaneously, and their symptoms resolve as well.
Prime Cuts and the Method of Recombination
Authors: Ruben David-Hillel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhether some condition is equivalent to a conjunction of some (sub-) conditions has been a major issue in analytic philosophy. Examples include: knowledge, acting freely, causation, and justice. Philosophers have striven to offer analyses of these, and other concepts, by showing them equivalent to such a conjunction. Timothy Williamson offers a number of arguments for the idea that knowledge is ‘prime’, hence not equivalent to or composed by some such conjunction. I focus on one of his arguments: the requirement that such conjuncts must be freely recombinable. Although there has been a great deal of discussion of Williamson's arguments, the flaw I describe has gone unnoticed. Williamson's argument is expressed in terms of conditions, and cases of the condition. Does the condition include specific information, or is the specific information only part of the case? His argument equivocates between more and less general specifications of the conditions. Once this distinction is clarified, his argument can be seen to be vitiated by this conflation. Neither option yields a sound argument for Williamson's desired conclusion.
Implementation outcomes and strategies for depression interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Authors: Wagenaar Bradley H. , Hammett Wilson H. , Jackson Courtney , Atkins Dana L. , Belus Jennifer M. , Kemp Christopher G. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
We systematically reviewed implementation research targeting depression interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to assess gaps in methodological coverage.

Methods
PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and EMBASE were searched for evaluations of depression interventions in LMICs reporting at least one implementation outcome published through March 2019.

Results
A total of 8714 studies were screened, 759 were assessed for eligibility, and 79 studies met inclusion criteria. Common implementation outcomes reported were acceptability (n = 50; 63.3%), feasibility (n = 28; 35.4%), and fidelity (n = 18; 22.8%). Only four studies (5.1%) reported adoption or penetration, and three (3.8%) reported sustainability. The Sub-Saharan Africa region (n = 29; 36.7%) had the most studies. The majority of studies (n = 59; 74.7%) reported outcomes for a depression intervention implemented in pilot researcher-controlled settings. Studies commonly focused on Hybrid Type-1 effectiveness-implementation designs (n = 53; 67.1), followed by Hybrid Type-3 (n = 16; 20.3%). Only 21 studies (26.6%) tested an implementation strategy, with the most common being revising professional roles (n = 10; 47.6%). The most common intervention modality was individual psychotherapy (n = 30; 38.0%). Common study designs were mixed methods (n = 27; 34.2%), quasi-experimental uncontrolled pre-post (n = 17; 21.5%), and individual randomized trials (n = 16; 20.3).

Conclusions
Existing research has focused on early-stage implementation outcomes. Most studies have utilized Hybrid Type-1 designs, with the primary aim to test intervention effectiveness delivered in researcher-controlled settings. Future research should focus on testing and optimizing implementation strategies to promote scale-up of evidence-based depression interventions in routine care. These studies should use high-quality pragmatic designs and focus on later-stage implementation outcomes such as cost, penetration, and sustainability.
A data-driven approach to the semantics of iconicity in American Sign Language and English
Authors: THOMPSON BILL , PERLMAN MARCUS , LUPYAN GARY , SEVCIKOVA SEHYR ZED , EMMOREY KAREN 
Published: March 2020

abstractA growing body of research shows that both signed and spoken languages display regular patterns of iconicity in their vocabularies. We compared iconicity in the lexicons of American Sign Language (ASL) and English by combining previously collected ratings of ASL signs (Caselli, Sevcikova Sehyr, Cohen-Goldberg, & Emmorey, 2017) and English words (Winter, Perlman, Perry, & Lupyan, 2017) with the use of data-driven semantic vectors derived from English. Our analyses show that models of spoken language lexical semantics drawn from large text corpora can be useful for predicting the iconicity of signs as well as words. Compared to English, ASL has a greater number of regions of semantic space with concentrations of highly iconic vocabulary. There was an overall negative relationship between semantic density and the iconicity of both English words and ASL signs. This negative relationship disappeared for highly iconic signs, suggesting that iconic forms may be more easily discriminable in ASL than in English. Our findings contribute to an increasingly detailed picture of how iconicity is distributed across different languages.
Controllability of stochastic nonlinear oscillating delay systems driven by the Rosenblatt distribution
Authors: Sathiyaraj T. , Wang JinRong , O'Regan D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the controllability of second-order nonlinear stochastic delay systems driven by the Rosenblatt distributions in finite dimensional spaces. A set of sufficient conditions are established for controllability of nonlinear stochastic delay systems using fixed point theory, delayed sine and cosine matrices and delayed Grammian matrices. Furthermore, controllability results for second-order stochastic delay systems driven by Rosenblatt distributions via the representation of solution by delayed sine and cosine functions are presented. Finally, our theoretical results are illustrated through numerical simulation.