bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hand Motion Recognition of Shipyard Welder Using 9-DOF Inertial Measurement Unit and Multi Layer Perceptron Approach
Authors: Pribadi T W , Shinoda T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A viable system that can monitor the effective working time of welder in real-time is required to overcome the low use of effective welder time in the Shipbuilding Project in the Indonesian Shipyard. It is made possible by using a wearable sensor tri-axial accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer. In this research, sensors are used to recognize typically hand motion of welder during welding activities: preparation, welding and cleaning slags, respectively in three welding positions 1G, 2G, and 3G. Initially, observations were made to recognize the relationship between welder activities and hand motion. Second, raw data containing hand movements from the welder is captured in the form of time-series signals using inertia sensors for various different activities. Third, the raw data of measurements for those activities is extracted and analyzed to identify significant features such as mean, root-mean-square, power spectral density using the welch method (autocorrelation, spectral peak, and spectral power). Finally, typical activities of welder are classified using the resulting feature data with Multi Layer Perceptron. The validation of results shows that the algorithm is capable to recognize the hand motion activities of the welder.
Hospital Ship Design for Public Health Services in the Foremost, Outermost, and Remote (FOR) Areas in Indonesia
Authors: Abdillah H N , Masroeri A A , Artana K B , Edfi R D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Indonesia National Health which is one of the achievement indicator of prosperity and prosperity of the people was still encountered many obstacles. Among many islands in Indonesia, there are only around 6,000 inhabited islands. Some of the islands, especially remote areas in the foremost, outmost and remote (FOR) areas, lack health services because the distribution of doctor or medical nurse rarely reaches these remote areas, and the difficulty of access to these areas also causes inequality in development, information flow, technology, education, and infrastructure compared to other regions. Health services are very important for the society, an alternative health service system needed to reaches FOR areas such as hospital ship concept. This concept not only offers health services but also access to education, training and other public facilities that can build up the prosperity.
The Importance of Establishing Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas in Lombok Strait: Maritime Security Perspective
Authors: Octavian A , Trismadi  , Lestari P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Shipping activities in the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lane II (IASL II) of the Lombok Strait will likely to increase in the future and expose the areas maritime threats like sea damage and pollution. To preserve maritime security from any adverse effects caused by shipping activities, the Indonesian Government has designated these areas as Marine Protective Areas (MPAs). However, such areas still has to recognition as protected areas. The Indonesian Government has issued an internal policy demonstrating intent to establish the Lombok Strait as Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSA), which has been discussed since 2008 but has not yet officially submitted to the International Maritime Organization (IMO). This research aims to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of PSSA enactment in Lombok Strait. The research employs qualitative methods with Soft System Methodology as the data analysis technique in attempt to analyze PSSA enactment, which is characterized as a complex and ill-defined problem. NVivo 12 Plus software is employed in this research to assist in data processing and triangulation. The research results showed that Lombok Strait’s enactment as PSSA could provide several advantages, especially in preserving maritime safety and protection of the environment.
Fuel Oil Consumption Monitoring and Predicting Gas Emission Based on Ship Performance using Automatic Identification System (AISITS) Data
Authors: Wijaya A T A , Ariana I M , Handani D W , Abdillah H N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The increasing number of ships has an impact on increasing the amount of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions produced by ships when operating. Analysis of IEA and ICCT shows the amount of emissions and consumption in 2007 to 2015 relatively increased. Ship exhaust emissions become one of the main sources of pollution of the marine environment. Pollutants originating from emissions of ships that have high CO, NOx, HC, SO2 and CO2, even sulphur pollutants can cause the risk of disruption of the human health system. Therefore monitoring technology is used by the user or operator to ensure that the ship operates efficiently. An integrated monitoring system is expected to report information such as fuel consumption, emissions and EEOI generated by the ship. The algorithm developed in this study uses the empirical formulation of the Holtrop Method (for basic resistance calculations) and the Stawave Method (for calculation of wind resistance, waves, draft changes and water properties) written in the PHP script programming. This programming is the basis of development at the interface of a program to bring up fuel monitoring data, EEOI and emissions in real time on each ship.
A System Dynamics Modelling for Converting Existing Tanker to FPSO
Authors: Ariestya A , Handani D W , Artana K B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Floating, Production, Storage, and Offloading (FPSO) is an offshore installation that is used to process and store crude oil from wells and then transport it using tankers to oil refineries. One common scheme in the construction of an FPSO is by converting a tanker into FPSO. The project to convert a tanker to an FPSO requires a very well planning considering that this facility is a very important facility in the upstream oil and gas industry. This study aims to determine aspects that can reduce costs in the project of converting a tanker to FPSO. In this study, the variables that can influence the cost of conversion of a tanker into FPSO project are determined by approaching the principle of customer satisfaction, called Quality, Cost, and Delivery. The solution to the problem is carried out using a system dynamics model approach to determine the causality relationship between variables and its effect on the cost of conversion. The analysis is taken by sensitivity analysis and give the result of the biggest variables that lead in cost of conversion respectively are shipyard class, penalty during production, lead time, subcon factor, amount of worker, and the accuracy of pricing. The simulation model produced using system dynamics modelling is expected to be able to provide a solution to reduce the project cost of conversion a tanker to FPSO to support oil and gas exploitation activities in Indonesia.
Risk Analysis on Modified Offloading System of LNG FSRU
Authors: Fadhil M , Handani D W , Dinariyana A A B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Electricity needs in various islands that are difficult to reach, prompting PT X to assist PT PLN in supplying natural gas fuel for power generation, using LNG technology. Small LNG carriers are designed to reach shallow water. Due to the height difference in the LNG carrier manifold being designed with the West Java FSRU manifold, it is not possible to carry out the loading and unloading process. Therefore the modification of loading and unloading equipment is needed. The modification of the West Java FSRU loading and unloading system was done to add the loading arm range to the small LNG carrier manifold. In 2013 WOAD (world Offshore Accident Data) stated, 9 accidents occurred during the process of loading and unloading liquid and 7 accidents that ended in fire. This study discusses a risk analysis on the loading and unloading system of West Java FSRU after modification. This study begins with hazard identification using. HAZOP (Hazard and Operability Study) method by analyzing the P&ID of modified loading and unloading system. Frequency analysis is done in to calculate an annual frequency of identified hazards and done using FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) and ETA (Event Tree Analysis) methods.
Risk Assessment of Subsea Pipeline of Natural Gas in The Cross Area: Case Study in West Java Waters
Authors: Ariany Z , Santoso B , Suharto  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Risk assessment for 20 inches’ pipeline of the Natural Gas from the Floating Storage Regasification Unit (FSRU) to the landing point which has long about 14 km is made due to the crossing pipes between existing and incoming pipe which has effect to ship activity of the Patimban Port and Operations Office (KSOP) working area. The depth of water in the assessed pipeline varies in the range of 0-16 m, from the outermost coastline 14 km to the FSRU. After the subsea pipeline installation, the area becomes a restricted/restricted zone so that only ships from existing and incoming who can operate in the area. The risk assessment of this gas pipeline is based on the assumption of the worst-case by ships operating around the pipeline. Assumed also that ships with the largest and heaviest anchors in each group of ships will drop and pull anchors so there is a risk of the existence of this gas pipeline. In the area of pipe crossing, the risk assessment will be carried out on the stability of the pipe stretch and land subsidence. The risk assessment methodology on this gas pipeline is carried out using Det Norske Veritas – recommended practice - F107 risk assessment of pipeline (DNV-RP-F107) as a reference. The frequency and consequences of several conditions and groups of ships are analyzed which will produce the level of risk, presented in the form of a risk assessment matrix to describe three risks as dropped anchor, dragged anchor and sinking ships also possibility impact of the damage. The results of the risk assessment become a reference for mitigation making and recommendations needed to improve the level of risk and impact of each case, therefore it can be ensured for all conditions do not have values that endanger the pipeline.
Application of Formal Safety Assessment for Ship Collision Risk Analysis in Surabaya West Access Channel
Authors: Purba P H , Dinariyana A A B , Handani D W , Rachman A F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In 2019, ship density of Surabaya West Access Channel reached 28,112 ships. The high number of vessel densities that exist in Surabaya West Access Channel (APBS), it is possible for ship collisions to occur. In this study, Formal Safety Assessment used for ship collision Risk Analysis in Surabaya West Access Channel (APBS). Formal Safety Assessment is a structured and systematic methodology developed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) used to conduct risk assessments and also evaluates cost-benefit assessments to get some recommendations to improve safety in the maritime world, including protection of life, health, the marine environment, and property. To achieve the above objectives, IMO’s guidelines on the application should comprise the following steps; First step, Hazard Identification using Event Tree Analysis based on historical accident data. The second step, risk analysis is composed of two main activities: frequency calculating and consequence modeling. The frequency of ship collision was calculated using Traffic Based Model and for the consequence, Ansys software was used to model the structural damage of hull caused by the incident. The third step, Risk Control Option is used to get some options to prevent collisions. The fourth step, Cost-Benefit Assessment is used to identify and compare benefits and costs associated with the implementation of each RCO using Net Cost of Averting a Fatality (NCAF) and Gross Cost of Averting a Fatality (GCAF) Criteria. The last step of Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) is Recommendations for Decision-Making to get some options for mitigation.
Operational Risk Assessment Of Ship To Ship Transfer In The FSRU Lampung Using Risk Matrix Method
Authors: Daryanto  , Maulana M A , Kurniawan F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Risk management is very important for companies in maintaining the sustainability of the company, especially in companies that have quite high operational risks, such as in PT PGNLNG Indonesia, which operates the FSRU terminal in Lampung. Risk management is a tool to protect the company from every possibility that harms the company. In the Ship to Ship (STS) activity, which is the process of berthing on an LNGC to the Lampung FSRU, LNGC will then move a number of LNG cargo to the tanks in the FSRU. This work is very risky, it will need comprehensive mitigation to be done, one of them is the Risk Matrix method. This research was conducted to determine the risk and level of risk in implementing STS in FSRU Terminal, using data on the results of risk mitigation contained in Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (IBPR). Then the data is analyzed using the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method combined with Risk Assessment for risk assessment to facilitate identification of potential hazards that might occur. From these data, 9 sources of potential hazard were obtained in STS activities, then the risk rating calculation and assessment were carried out. After the receipt rating is known, the next step is to mitigate these risks.
Failure Mode and Effect Criticality Analysis (FMECA) Fuzzy to Evaluate Critical Level on Main Engine Supporting System
Authors: Siswantoro N , Priyanta D , Zaman M B , Semin  
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Main engine is an important part as the prime mover on the ship. Main engine performs its functions supported by the main engine supporting system, such as: lubricating oil system, cooling system, fuel system, etc. These systems have many components that must be maintained. This is important to ensure each component works according to its function. While a failure occurs it has an impact, especially for safety. To determine the priority of maintenance on the equipment, the risk priority level method is used. In this research, the case study taken is the cooling system. Risk priority level is determined by the failure mode and effect criticality analysis (FMECA) approach based on the risk matrix of American Bureau Shipping (ABS). FMECA results are verified using the fuzzy theory simulation method. The result of ordinary FMECA ABS shows that as many as 47 failure modes in medium risk and 28 failure modes in the low risk level. However, from analysis of FMECA fuzzy there are 19 failure modes in the medium risk level and 56 failure modes in the low risk level. The use of fuzzy simulation is useful to reduce subjectivity in giving scores. Therefore, FMECA fuzzy shows a lower level of risk than ordinary FMECA ABS.
Causative Factor Analysis of Passenger Ship Accident (Fire/Explosion) in Indonesia
Authors: Mutmainnah W , Bowo L P , Nurwahyudy A , Prasetyo F A , Furusho M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Number of ship accidents in Indonesia in these two years has been increasing from 355 cases in 2018 to 409 cases in 2019. It means that, 31-32 accident occurred each month or at least 1 ship accident every day along 2018 to 2019. Among all the accidents, Passenger ship (including Passenger ship/Ferry, Ferry Ro-Ro, and High Speed Craft for Passenger) is the most common ship type with percentage up to 30% with 210 people dead/missed and 775 people wounded. It is important to look further how the passenger ship accident happen to understand what are the causative factors contributing to the accidents. National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC) in Indonesia investigated some accidents then published the report to their website and it can be re-analysed to get the causative factors. Investigation reports from NTSC provide fire/explosion cases more than other nature of accident. Thus, in this paper, the analysis focuses on the fire/explosion accidents of Passenger Ship that began in car deck. The causative factors are found using new development of MOP Model that classifying failures into 4 M (Man, Machine, Media, Management) and several categories and sub categories.
Frequency Analysis of Ship Collision and Its Impact on The Fulfillment of Supporting Facilities and Route Changes Due to Implementation of Sunda Strait TSS
Authors: Wuryaningrum N D , Handani D W , Prastyasari F I , Dinariyana AA B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Government of Indonesia has adopted such routing measures namely Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) for the Sunda Strait and the Lombok Strait from the decision of the plenary session of the International Maritime Organization (IMO). TSS is intended to reduce the frequency of ship accidents in a certain area. This research to identify the impact of the implementation TSS in the Sunda Strait on the frequency of ship collisions. So in this research, a ship collisions frequency study was conducted for the implementation of TSS. In the process of calculating the frequency of ship collisions using the IWRAP method in the form of IWRAP MK II software, and to calculate the estimated increase in ship fuel consumption using the Trozzi method in calculating changes in shipping distance using the assistance of the Google Earth virtual program and Triangle Ball method. Based on the calculation of the frequency of ship collisions in the Sunda Strait using the IWRAP software, the results of the frequency of Head-On collisions are 0.003149 per year, Overtaking is 0.070270 per year, and Crossing is 0.079589 per year after the TSS was implemented. However, during the implementation of the TSS by the government of Indonesia, several expenses need to be made to support this TSS implementation. In the first category, the government needs to do the investment to make some new facilities such as Vessel Traffic Systems (VTS), Coast Station (SROP), Marine Aids to Navigation (SBNP) and Electronic Maps worth is IDR 82,607,950,000.00. Another aspect is seen from the shipping company’s point of view who have to spend more money due to the additional fuel consumption caused by the shipping route changes affected by TSS design is IDR 77,086,256,000.00 per year.
Passenger Ship Evacuation Analysis with Fire Risk Assessment Approach Using NFPA 551
Authors: Muradi M , Mutmainnah W 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Based on ship accident data by Indonesian National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC) from 2018 to 2019, there was 773 ship accidents and 21 of those accidents caused by fire, evacuation process when accident occurred is very important. When it is not working, the number of fatalities will be high. The more number of passengers, the more number fatalities if the evacuation process is not good. Evacuation failure are generally caused by trapped passengers in rooms aboard. Therefore an analysis of passenger evacuation is carried out to determine the risk level of the evacuation route has been created by the designer. The method used in this study uses a model analysis Fire Risk Assessment based on NFPA 551 with a qualitative checklist method. The analysis shows the evacuation route for this research object has not met the passenger safety criteria (SOLAS) related to the number of escape routes both primary and secondary which is lacking and inappropriate and subsequently for evacuation routes passengers pass through areas with a high level of fire risk ranking is 5, therefore re-arrangement of evacuation routes is needed to avoid areas of high fire risk or by re-arrangement of the galley location, especially on the 3rd deck.
Economic Analysis of LNG Distribution for Power Plant and City Gas in Bali
Authors: Legawa K S N , Artana K B , Pratiwi E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Indonesia is a country that contains great potential for economic development and it is also impact on increased electricity demand in Indonesia. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources stated that increasing demand for electricity in Indonesia have reached 6,9% annually. PT. PLN as the electrical company in Indonesia has designed long term strategic development of power plant to anticipate increasing demand for electricity in Indonesia as documented at “Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik” (RUPTL) PT. PLN on 2018-2027[7]. The government has plan to convert the energy that will be used in power plants to become natural gas energy for utilization of power plants in Indonesia. PT. PLN is prioritizing the power plant that will operate by using Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as the main energy. PT.PLN also want to build the new Power Plant (PLTGU) in Celukan Bawang, Bali. The power plant will have 350 MWx2 as the additional power supply to reduce deficit of electrical power in Bali. Analyzing economic indicators is an important point to determined requirement Infrastructure and distribution Natural Gas at every district in Bali. In this study MCDM (Multiple Criteria Decision Making) is applied to model and solve multiple criteria optimization problems in economic process. The AHP method is presented to compare the best alternatives route of distribution LNG, the requirement to construct mini Natural Gas filling station, economical value of the distribution, and supply-demand at every district in Bali. Payback period (PP) and Return of Investment (ROI) calculation must be considered to develop economic value and fulfil the needs at every district by establishing a new mini LNG filling station in certain locations. The result of this research is expected to provide recommendation on best LNG distribution, which will assume lowest gas price at the end user. Accordingly, this will support the program of Bali clean and green.
Supply chain performance analysis on modular construction shipbuilding
Authors: Baroroh I , Ariana I M , Dinariyana A A B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Implementation of modular construction shipbuilding aims to accelerate ship production so that delivery time can be shortened. However, in its implementation, delay for completing and delivery the ship can still be found. The delay in delivery is influenced by the supply chain performance of the shipyard due to delays in design, material, and financial payments. This delay occurred due to the large number of sub-module and module construction works carried out in parallel. The works include hull construction, painting, outfitting and installation of equipments. This study aims to analyze the performance of the supply chain in shipyard that implementing modular construction system. In the initial stage, the study is conducted by defining the factors and parameters that affect supply chain performance in shipbuilding and determining factors that have the potential to cause delivery delays. The conceptual and technical approach is carried out by analyzing the causal relationship of the factors that have identified in the previous stage. Dominant factors that cause delays that occur in ship building are expected to find and observe using system dynamics approach.