bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of wMel Wolbachia in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and reduction of local dengue transmission in Cairns and surrounding locations in northern Queensland, Australia
Authors: Ryan Peter A. , Turley Andrew P. , Wilson Geoff , Hurst Tim P. , Retzki Kate , Brown-Kenyon Jack , Hodgson Lauren , Kenny Nichola , Cook Helen , Montgomery Brian L. , Paton Christopher J. , Ritchie Scott A. , Hoffmann Ary A. , Jewell Nicholas P. , Tanamas Stephanie K. , Anders Katherine L. , Simmons Cameron P. , O’Neill Scott L. 
Published: April 2020

Background: The wMel strain of Wolbachia has been successfully introduced into Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and subsequently shown in laboratory studies to reduce transmission of a range of viruses including dengue, Zika, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Mayaro viruses that cause human disease. Here we report the entomological and epidemiological outcomes of staged deployment of Wolbachia across nearly all significant dengue transmission risk areas in Australia. Methods: The wMel strain of Wolbachia was backcrossed into the local Aedes aegypti genotype (Cairns and Townsville backgrounds) and mosquitoes were released in the field by staff or via community assisted methods. Mosquito monitoring was undertaken and mosquitoes were screened for the presence of Wolbachia. Dengue case notifications were used to track dengue incidence in each location before and after releases. Results: Empirical analyses of the Wolbachia mosquito releases, including data on the density, frequency and duration of Wolbachia mosquito releases, indicate that Wolbachia can be readily established in local mosquito populations, using a variety of deployment options and over short release durations (mean release period 11 weeks, range 2-22 weeks). Importantly, Wolbachia frequencies have remained stable in mosquito populations since releases for up to 8 years. Analysis of dengue case notifications data demonstrates near-elimination of local dengue transmission for the past five years in locations where Wolbachia has been established. The regression model estimate of Wolbachia intervention effect from interrupted time series analyses of case notifications data prior to and after releases, indicated a 96% reduction in dengue incidence in Wolbachia treated populations (95% confidence interval: 84 – 99%). Conclusion: Deployment of the wMel strain of Wolbachia into local Ae. aegypti populations across the Australian regional cities of Cairns and most smaller regional communities with a past history of dengue has resulted in the reduction of local dengue transmission across all deployment areas.
Quantitative analysis of homocysteine in liquid by terahertz spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Liping , Wu Xu , Peng Yan , Yang Qingrou , Chen Xiaohong , Wu Wanwan , Zhu Yiming , Zhuang Songlin 
Published: April 2020

Homocysteine (C4H9NO2S) is a variant of the amino acid cysteine, a harmful substance to the human body, which is closely related to cardiovascular disease, senile dementia, fractures, et al. At present, conventional methods for detecting homocysteine in biological samples include high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), and enzymatic cycling methods. These methods have the disadvantages of being time-consuming, sample-losing, chemical reagent-using and operation-cumbersome. Here, we present a method for the quantitative detection of homocysteine in liquid based on terahertz spectroscopy. Considering the strong absorption of water for terahertz beam, we also put forward a pretreatment method for drying samples at low temperature. These methods make the detection limit for homocysteine reach 10 µmol/L (human normal concentration). Based on the linear relationship between the homocysteine concentration and the THz spectral intensity, we can successfully achieve quantitative, accurate and real-time detection of homocysteine. As compared to Raman spectroscopy, the correlation coefficient of THz spectrum (

R

16.24

THz

2

= 0.99809) is much larger than that of the Raman spectrum (

R

2558.26

c

m

−
1

2

= 0.80022,

R

2937.32

c

m

−
1

2

= 0.8028). These results are greatly useful for the accurate evaluation of pathological stage.
Sub-second, super-resolved imaging of biological systems using parallel EO-STED
Authors: Girsault Arik , Meller Amit 
Published: April 2020

We present a parallel stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscope with no mechanical moving parts and sub-millisecond pixel dwell times, relying on electro-optical (EO) phase modulators. The nanoscope offers 1225-fold parallelization over single-doughnut-scanning STED and achieves a spatial resolution of 35 nm. We imaged immunostained nuclear pore complexes of zebrafish within their natural biological environment, demonstrating spatial and temporal resolutions of 56 nm and 0.2 s, respectively. Furthermore, we show parallel EO-STED sub-second imaging of microtubules inside living cells. Finally, we reveal the nanodomain organization of a eukaryotic initiation factor within the processing bodies of fixed cells. The potential of parallel EO-STED to offer microsecond pixel dwell times over large fields of view promises millisecond STED imaging.
Highly linear sub-nanoradian tilt measurement based on dual-beam interferometry
Authors: Yan Hao , Mao Qiuli , Xie Siyuan , Liu Shuai , Luo Jun , Yeh Hsien-chi 
Published: April 2020

The tilt measurement method based on dual-beam interferometry is presented in this Letter. Due to symmetric property of the nonlinear errors of two displacement measurement arms, the composite nonlinearity of the tilt measurement is counterbalanced, so that a small nonlinearity over a large dynamic range can be obtained. According to the theoretical analysis with a Gaussian beam model, the second-order nonlinear error is dominant. The experimental results show that a measurement noise of

0
.
4

n
r
a
d

/

H
z

at 1 Hz with a nonlinearity of less than 60 nrad for a measurement range of

±

500

µ

r
a
d

has been achieved.
Japanese embedded questions are nominal: Evidence from quantificational variability effect
Authors: Tomioka Satoshi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe exhaustivity of an embedded interrogative sentence can be altered by the presence of an adverb in the matrix clause. This phenomenon, known as Quantificational Variability Effect (QVE), manifests itself in a peculiar way in Japanese. A QVE-inducing adverb can take the form of a numeral classifier that agrees with the embedded Wh-phrase. While a QVE-inducing numeral classifier appears to be associated with an embedded wh-phrase, it is not clear how such an association can be established. I argue that Japanese embedded questions are implicitly nominalized in the fashion similar to the internally-headed relative clause construction, and that the nominalized embedded questions are treated as concealed questions. The proposed analysis gives a very simple account for the puzzling QVE construction, as the floated quantifier structure with a concealed-question-denoting NP is commonplace. The paper examines a variety of phenomena, such as doubly headed relative clause structure and selectional restrictions on QVE, which support the nominal structure of Japanese embedded questions.
Neonatal Stroke and TLR1/2 Ligand Recruit Myeloid Cells through the Choroid Plexus in a CX3CR1-CCR2- and Context-Specific Manner
Authors: Rayasam Aditya , Faustino Joel , Lecuyer Matthieu , Vexler Zinaida S. 
Published: April 2020

Neonatal stroke is as frequent as stroke in the elderly, but many pathophysiological injury aspects are distinct in neonates, including immune signaling. While myeloid cells can traffic into the brain via multiple routes, the choroid plexus (CP) has been identified as a uniquely educated gate for immune cell traffic during health and disease. To understand the mechanisms of myeloid cell trafficking via the CP and their influence on neonatal stroke, we characterized the phenotypes of CP-infiltrating myeloid cells after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in neonatal mice of both sexes in relation to blood-brain barrier permeability, injury, microglial activation, and CX3CR1-CCR2 signaling, focusing on the dynamics early after reperfusion. We demonstrate rapid recruitment of multiple myeloid phenotypes in the CP ipsilateral to the injury, including inflammatory CD45+CD11b+Ly6chighCD86+, beneficial CD45+CD11b+Ly6clowCD206+, and CD45+CD11b+Ly6clowLy6ghighcells, but only minor leukocyte infiltration into acutely ischemic-reperfused cortex and negligible vascular albumin leakage. We report that CX3CR1-CCR2-mediated myeloid cell recruitment contributes to stroke injury. Considering the complexity of inflammatory cascades triggered by stroke and a role for TLR2 in injury, we also used direct TLR2 stimulation as an independent injury model. TLR2 agonist rapidly recruited myeloid cells to the CP, increased leukocytosis in the CSF and blood, but infiltration into the cortex remained low over time. While the magnitude and the phenotypes of myeloid cells diverged between tMCAO and TLR2 stimulation, in both models, disruption of CX3CR1-CCR2 signaling attenuated both monocyte and neutrophil trafficking to the CP and cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStroke during the neonatal period leads to long-term disabilities. The mechanisms of ischemic injury and inflammatory response differ greatly between the immature and adult brain. We examined leukocyte trafficking via the choroid plexus (CP) following neonatal stroke in relation to blood-brain barrier integrity, injury, microglial activation, and signaling via CX3CR1 and CCR2 receptors, or following direct TLR2 stimulation. Ischemia-reperfusion triggered marked unilateral CX3CR1-CCR2 dependent accumulation of diverse leukocyte subpopulations in the CP without inducing extravascular albumin leakage or major leukocyte infiltration into the brain. Disrupted CX3CR1-CCR2 signaling was neuroprotective in part by attenuating monocyte and neutrophil trafficking. Understanding the migratory patterns of CP-infiltrating myeloid cells with intact and disrupted CX3CR1-CCR2 signaling could identify novel therapeutic targets to protect the neonatal brain.
Venlafaxine Stimulates an MMP-9-Dependent Increase in Excitatory/Inhibitory Balance in a Stress Model of Depression
Authors: Alaiyed Seham , McCann Mondona , Mahajan Gouri , Rajkowska Grazyna , Stockmeier Craig A. , Kellar Kenneth J. , Wu Jian Young , Conant Katherine 
Published: April 2020

Emerging evidence suggests that there is a reduction in overall cortical excitatory to inhibitory balance in major depressive disorder (MDD), which afflicts ∼14%-20% of individuals. Reduced pyramidal cell arborization occurs with stress and MDD, and may diminish excitatory neurotransmission. Enhanced deposition of perineuronal net (PNN) components also occurs with stress. Since parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are the predominant cell population that is enveloped by PNNs, which enhance their ability to release GABA, excess PNN deposition likely increases pyramidal cell inhibition. In the present study, we investigate the potential for matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), an endopeptidase secreted in response to neuronal activity, to contribute to the antidepressant efficacy of the serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor venlafaxine in male mice. Chronic venlafaxine increases MMP-9 levels in murine cortex, and increases both pyramidal cell arborization and PSD-95 expression in the cortex of WT but not MMP-9-null mice. We have previously shown that venlafaxine reduces PNN deposition and increases the power ofex vivoγ oscillations in conventionally housed mice. γ power is increased with pyramidal cell disinhibition and with remission from MDD. Herein we observe that PNN expression is increased in a corticosterone-induced stress model of disease and reduced by venlafaxine. Compared with mice that receive concurrent venlafaxine, corticosterone-treated mice also display reducedex vivoγ power and impaired working memory. Autopsy-derived PFC samples show elevated MMP-9 levels in antidepressant-treated MDD patients compared with controls. These preclinical and postmortem findings highlight a link between extracellular matrix regulation and MDD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTReduced excitatory neurotransmission occurs with major depressive disorder, and may be normalized by antidepressant treatment. Underlying molecular mechanisms are, however, not well understood. Herein we investigate a potential role for an extracellular protease, released from neurons and known to play a role in learning and memory, in antidepressant-associated increases in excitatory transmission. Our data suggest that this protease, matrix metalloprotease-9, increases branching of excitatory neurons and concomitantly attenuates the perineuronal net to potentially reduce inhibitory input to these neurons. Matrix metalloprotease-9 may thus enhance overall excitatory/inhibitory balance and neuronal population dynamics, which are important to mood and memory.
A Collection of Pre-mRNA Splicing Mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kanno Tatsuo , Venhuizen Peter , Wu Ming-Tsung , Chiou Phebe , Chang Chia-Liang , Kalyna Maria , Matzke Antonius J M , Matzke Marjori 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
To investigate factors influencing pre-mRNA splicing in plants, we conducted a forward genetic screen using an alternatively-spliced GFP reporter gene in Arabidopsis thaliana. This effort generated a collection of sixteen mutants impaired in various splicing-related proteins, many of which had not been recovered in any prior genetic screen or implicated in splicing in plants. The factors are predicted to act at different steps of the spliceosomal cycle, snRNP biogenesis pathway, transcription, and mRNA transport. We have described eleven of the mutants in recent publications. Here we present the final five mutants, which are defective, respectively, in RNA-BINDING PROTEIN 45D (rbp45d), DIGEORGE SYNDROME CRITICAL REGION 14 (dgcr14), CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE G2 (cdkg2), INTERACTS WITH SPT6 (iws1) and CAP BINDING PROTEIN 80 (cbp80). We provide RNA-sequencing data and analyses of differential gene expression and alternative splicing patterns for the cbp80 mutant and for several previously published mutants, including smfa and new alleles of cwc16a, for which such information was not yet available. Sequencing of small RNAs from the cbp80 mutant highlighted the necessity of wild-type CBP80 for processing of microRNA (miRNA) precursors into mature miRNAs. Redundancy tests of paralogs encoding several of the splicing factors revealed their functional non-equivalence in the GFP reporter gene system. We discuss the cumulative findings and their implications for the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing efficiency and alternative splicing in plants. The mutant collection provides a unique resource for further studies on a coherent set of splicing factors and their roles in gene expression, alternative splicing and plant development.
Golgi Outposts Locally Regulate Microtubule Orientation in Neurons but Are Not Required for the Overall Polarity of the Dendritic Cytoskeleton
Authors: Yang Sihui Z , Wildonger Jill 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGolgi are emerging as key regulators of acentrosomal microtubule networks. In neurons, the role of dendrite-specific Golgi outposts in creating or maintaining the unique organization of the dendritic cytoskeleton is an open question...Microtubule-organizing centers often play a central role in organizing the cellular microtubule networks that underlie cell function. In neurons, microtubules in axons and dendrites have distinct polarities. Dendrite-specific Golgi “outposts,” in particular multicompartment outposts, have emerged as regulators of acentrosomal microtubule growth, raising the question of whether outposts contribute to establishing or maintaining the overall polarity of the dendritic microtubule cytoskeleton. Using a combination of genetic approaches and live imaging in a Drosophila model, we found that dendritic microtubule polarity is unaffected by eliminating known regulators of Golgi-dependent microtubule organization including the cis-Golgi matrix protein GM130, the fly AKAP450 ortholog pericentrin-like protein, and centrosomin. This indicates that Golgi outposts are not essential for the formation or maintenance of a dendrite-specific cytoskeleton. However, the overexpression of GM130, which promotes the formation of ectopic multicompartment units, is sufficient to alter dendritic microtubule polarity. Axonal microtubule polarity is similarly disrupted by the presence of ectopic multicompartment Golgi outposts. Notably, multicompartment outposts alter microtubule polarity independently of microtubule nucleation mediated by the γ-tubulin ring complex. Thus, although Golgi outposts are not essential to dendritic microtubule polarity, altering their organization correlates with changes to microtubule polarity. Based on these data, we propose that the organization of Golgi outposts is carefully regulated to ensure proper dendritic microtubule polarity.
Capoeira na educação física: perspectivas de uma prática de educação integral
Authors: Dos Santos Samila Zambetti , Sá Ivo Ribeiro de 
Published: April 2020

Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa exploratória, oriunda de dissertação de mestrado, que investigou como a Capoeira pode contribuir para uma prática de Educação Integral no ambiente escolar. Tivemos como objetivo identificar as possibilidades pedagógicas da Capoeira como uma prática integrativa dos aspectos humanos na busca de uma formação integral do sujeito, tomando como pressuposto, a teoria da complexidade como matriz epistemológica. Para tanto, entrevistamos mestres de Capoeira da região do Grande ABCDM/SP para alcançar aspectos do senso comum presentes no discurso destes e por meio da análise de conteúdo identificamos conceitos que convergem sobre aspectos que promovem o desenvolvimento integral do Ser Humano. Os pontos encontrados foram: aspectos integrativos das dimensões humanas da Capoeira e formação Integral do sujeito, a roda de Capoeira e a materialização das dimensões do sujeito e, por fim, a musicalidade e a historicidade da Capoeira, identificando o caráter histórico-social e cultural da mesma e que nos auxilia na superação de conteúdos eurocêntricos, elitistas e de esportivização na prática da Educação Física na escola. Trouxemos esses elementos para a realidade escolar através da reflexão sobre transposição didática e a formulação de uma formação de professores de Educação Física utilizando como base a técnica da teoria das Situações Didáticas.
A Reappraisal of the Lurøy, Norway, Earthquake of 31 August 1819
Authors: Mäntyniemi Päivi B. , Sørensen Mathilde B. , Tatevossian Tatiana N. , Tatevossian Ruben E. , Lund Björn 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Archives and libraries were visited to find previously unknown documents testifying to the Lurøy, Norway, earthquake of 31 August 1819 in northernmost continental Europe. The focus here is on Sweden, Finland, and Russia, which are important for determining the area of perceptibility east of Norway. The new written sources include 12 notes or entries in original archived documents, six contemporary newspaper reports, and two recollections written down years later. The original documentation uncovered is contributory to establishing the authenticity of the observations in Finland and Sweden. The dates of the original documentation allow tracing of the dissemination of eyewitness accounts in writing from the inner area of perceptibility southward to the larger documentation and population centers. New sources of information include weather reports of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, minutes of its meetings, and correspondence sent to the Senate in Finland. The minutes of meetings of the Academy indicate that ample data were collected in the Swedish province of Västerbotten. We found no original Russian documentation but uncovered national newspapers that are more reliable than the previously used Parisian newspaper.
To increase transparency, we provide the first list of macroseismic data points (MDPs) including the respective documentation that testify to the Lurøy earthquake. A macroseismic intensity was assigned to a locality, using the European Macroseismic Scale of 1998, when adequate information was available. Accounting for the uncertainty of intensity assessment, the magnitude was estimated as moment magnitude M=5.9±0.2, reconfirming the ranking as the largest onshore or nearshore earthquake in the historical seismicity record of Fennoscandia. In addition to the reappraisal of the 31 August 1819 earthquake, a macroseismic map is provided for the earthquake of 17 February 1819, which was felt in northern Finland and Sweden. Some of its MDPs were previously associated with the Lurøy earthquake.
Analysis of Digital Twin Definition and Its Difference from Simulation Modelling in Practical Application
Authors: Krasikov I.I. , Kulemin A. N. 
Published: April 2020

The digital twin is widely known as a tool for digitalization of a product, but there is no common definition concerning this term. This article discusses the definition and utilization of digital twin. Areas of use, it’s implementation in the product lifecycle and most importantly it’s benefits. The lack of a standardized concept of a digital twin leads to a misunderstanding between mathematical models and digital twin. Several definitions of digital twin were analyzed and compared with the definition of mathematical model and simulation modelling. The basic concept of areas of use for digital twin is introduced. The differences and similarities between the two definitions were found. The article aims first of all to help the management of digital twins in practical application.
Keywords: Digital twin, Mathematical modelling, Mathematical model, Lifecycle of a product, Simulation modelling, Practical use of digital twin, Difference between the digital twin and mathematical model, Simulation.