bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robot‐assisted laparoscopic vesicule prostatectomy for mixed epithelial–stromal tumor of seminal vesicle
Authors: Masuo Yuki , Taniguchi Hisanori , Matsuzaki Tomoaki , Kinoshita Hidefumi , Miyasaka Chika , Ohe Chisato , Matsuda Tadashi 
Published: April 2020

IntroductionMixed epithelial–stromal tumor is a biphasic tumor with stromal and benign epithelial components. Only 40 cases of mixed epithelial‐stromal tumor originating from a seminal vesicle have previously been published in English.Case presentationA 52‐year‐old man was transferred to our hospital for evaluation of a 3.0‐cm pelvic tumor detected incidentally by computed tomography. Robot‐assisted laparoscopic vesicle prostatectomy was performed. We approached the Retzius space from both levels of the pouch of Douglas and peritoneal top of the bladder to clarify the tumor’s environment. Pathologically, the tumor was diagnosed as a low‐grade mixed epithelial–stromal tumor originating from the right seminal vesicle. There was no evidence of disease recurrence within 51 months.ConclusionThis is the first report of robot‐assisted laparoscopic vesicle prostatectomy for a seminal vesicle mixed epithelial–stromal tumor. Long‐term observation is warranted due to the lack of reports with sufficient follow‐up to ensure the procedure’s safety.
Cyclic tensile forces enhance the angiogenic properties of HUVECs by promoting the activities of human periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Wang Ge‐ge , Wang Yu‐zhen , Xie Jing , Huang Cheng‐yi , Kong Zhuo‐lin , Ding Xi , Liu Jin‐song 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate whether human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells secrete pro‐angiogenic factors that induce the vascularization of surrounding bone tissue under tensile stress.MethodsQuantitative real‐time PCR and Western blotting were used to analyze the mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), Angiopoietin‐I (Ang‐I), connective tissue growth factor （CTGF）, and macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (M‐CSF) in PDL cells after tensile force treatments of different durations. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the VEGF concentration in the supernatants of cell cultures. Cell viability assay, wound healing assay, and tube formation assay were performed to evaluate the angiogenic behaviors of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).ResultsThe mRNA expression and protein expression of VEGF, bFGF, Ang‐I, and M‐CSF was increased in the cells that received 6 to 48 hours of tensile force treatment. And, the VEGF level in the supernatant significantly increased in the human PDL cell cultures stressed for 6 to 48 hours. The abilities of HUVECs to proliferate, migrate, and form tubes were enhanced in media conditioned with tensile‐stressed human PDL cells. Hence, tensile force induced human PDL cells to express and release pro‐angiogenic factors enhancing the proliferation, migration, and angiogenic capacity of HUVECs.ConclusionTensile stress induced human PDL cells to express and release pro‐angiogenic factors, including VEGF, bFGF, Ang‐I, and M‐CSF, thereby enhancing the proliferation, migration, and angiogenic capacity of HUVECs.
Variations in Surgical Outcomes of Carotid Body Tumors by Surgical Specialty
Authors: Melachuri Samyuktha , Valappil Benita , Snyderman Carl 
Published: April 2020

Objectives/HypothesisA carotid body tumor (CBT) is a rare type of tumor that is divided among multiple surgical specialties. Individual surgeons may have limited experience in treating these tumors. We aim to compare different surgical specialties within a single healthcare system to detect variations in management and outcome.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsA chart review of all patients who underwent surgery for CBT at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) from 2000 to 2019 was carried out. Univariate and multivariate analysis was used for descriptive statistics, comparison of outcomes, and identification of risk factors.ResultsFifty‐eight CBT resection surgeries were performed at UPMC. Patients with advanced tumor were 6.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36‐32.7) times more likely to undergo preoperative embolization and 8.53 (95% CI: 2.011‐36.19) times more likely to sustain carotid artery injury. Advanced‐stage tumor resections were associated with greater blood loss (P = .03) and longer hospitalization (P = .02). Collaborative surgeries were associated with higher rates of carotid artery injury (P = .003), residual tumor (P < .001), and longer hospitalization (P = .003), as these combined cases were generally reserved for advanced‐stage tumors (P = .02). There were no differences in outcomes between specialties. Of 22 surgeons, the median number of surgeries per surgeon was one (range = 1–12, 54.5%).ConclusionsSurgeons who completed only one surgery for CBT had a greater rate of hospital readmission and greater length of hospital stay. Collaborative surgeries had worse outcomes due to more advanced tumors requiring more complex surgeries.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E190–E195, 2021
Applying the Bioarchaeology of Care model to a severely diseased infant from the Middle Holocene, north‐eastern Brazil: A step further into research on past health‐related caregiving
Authors: Solari Ana , da Silva Sérgio F.S.M. , Pessis Anne Marie , Martin Gabriela , Guidon Niede 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA potential context of care is suggested in a case study of an anomalous burial from a severely diseased infant of 9 months (±3 months) of age at death, which displayed significant signs of infectious and/or metabolic illnesses on the skeleton. The body also received special mortuary treatment, including associated body reduction processes and display of corporeal relics. The case study corresponds to Individual 9 from Burial 2 at Toca do Enoque, an archaeological site from north‐eastern Brazil used as a funerary site by a pre‐ceramic hunter‐gatherer group during the Middle Holocene (6,220 ± 50 to 6,610 ± 40 years BP). Despite its inherent difficulty, the model of “Bioarchaeology of Care” was applied to this case study providing new research into past health‐related caregiving, addressing the differences between normative parental care and non‐normative healthcare given to altricial children in the past.
Changes in respiratory mechanics at birth in preterm infants: A pilot study
Authors: Veneroni Chiara , Mercadante Domenica , Lavizzari Anna , Colnaghi Mariarosa , Mosca Fabio , Dellacà Raffaele L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to measure lung mechanics at birth by the forced oscillation technique (FOT) for assessment of the initial degree of lung aeration and the short‐term aeration changes after applying different respiratory support strategies.MethodsEighteen preterm infants (gestational age = 29‐36 week) were randomized to receive either continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) at 5 cmH2O only or combined with a sustained inflation (SI; 15 seconds at 25 cmH2O after 5 seconds of CPAP) at birth. We assessed the respiratory system reactance at 5 Hz (X5; increases with lung volume recruitment at a given distending pressure) at 2, 40, and 150 seconds after initiation of CPAP. k‐Means clustering of the initial X5 value (X5,i) stratified newborn into either infants with lower (lowerX5,i; X5 < −280 cmH2O*s/L) and higher (higherX5,i; X5 > −240 cmH2O*s/L) initial degree of lung volume recruitment.ResultsInitial values were highly heterogeneous. In the LowerX5,i group, X5 increased with time, with SI‐patients showing significantly higher values at 150 seconds than the non‐SI group (X5 = −89 ± 27 cmH2O vs −274 ± 58 cmH2O). In the higherX5,i group, X5 did not improve with time, regardless of the respiratory strategy, suggesting a lack of lung recruitment. Moreover, 75% of infants receiving SI in the higherX5,i group experienced a transient loss of aeration after the maneuver.ConclusionsPreterm newborns present initially with highly heterogeneous lung aeration at birth that significantly impacts the effectiveness of the subsequent lung volume recruitment strategy. FOT may represent a valuable tool for individualizing a respiratory resuscitation at birth as it is noninvasive and may be applied simultaneously to respiratory support.
Supernumerary intrathoracic rib, a rare congenital anomaly: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Muise Eleanor D. , Lee Edward Y. , Paltiel Harriet J. , Gaffin Jonathan M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA 17‐year‐old female who presented with cough, chest pain, dyspnea, and hemoptysis was found to have an intrathoracic rib. Patients who are diagnosed with intrathoracic ribs are most often asymptomatic and should undergo limited diagnostic workup. Intrathoracic ribs are rare congenital anomalies incidentally identified after chest radiography performed for another indication, as is the case with this patient. In this case, further evaluation was necessary due to persistent symptoms. Here, we used contrast‐enhanced ultrasound after chest radiography and computed tomography to further evaluate the fatty intrathoracic mass and exclude vascular features suggestive of a tumor.
Successful treatment of pyopneumothorax with bronchopleural fistula using endobronchial Watanabe spigots
Authors: Chai Chan Sin , Chan Swee Kim , Kho Sze Shyang , Yong Mei Ching , Tie Siew Teck 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBronchopleural fistula (BPF) can complicate necrotizing pneumonia. Surgery would be indicated in patients who fail conservative management, yet this group is often of poor pulmonary function and general condition. Bronchial occlusion with endobronchial Watanabe spigots (EWS) can be a potential alternative treatment when the culprit bronchi can be isolated. In this case report, we describe a middle‐aged gentleman who presented with necrotizing pneumonia complicated with pyopneumothorax with right upper lobe BPF, and who had failed to respond to chest drainage and antibiotics. EWS bronchial occlusion finally led to cessation of air leak, allowing removal of chest tube. EWS were removed uneventfully six months later. This case highlights the role of EWS in the management of BPF in patients with high surgical risk.
Analysis of endophytic and rhizosphere bacterial diversity and function in the endangered plant Paeonia ludlowii
Authors: Lu Yazhou , Zhang Erhao , Hong Mingsheng , Yin Xiu , Cai Hao , Yuan Lei , Yuan Fang , Li Lianqiang , Zhao Kentian , Lan Xiaozhong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPaeonia ludlowii is indigenous to Tibet and has an important ecological and economic value in China. In Tibet, P. ludlowii has been used in folk medicine with relative success. Plant microbial endophytes play an important role in plant growth, health and ecological function. The diversity of endophytic bacteria associated with P. ludlowii remains poorly understood. In this study, the structure of the endophytic bacterial communities associated with different tissues, including fruits, flowers, leaves, stems, and roots, and rhizosphere soils was analyzed with Illumina MiSeq sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA. A total of 426,240 sequences and 4847 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained. The OTUs abundance of roots was higher than that of other tissues; however, the OTUs abundance was similar among different deep soil samples. In the plant tissues, Cyanobacteria was the most abundant bacterial phylum, followed by Proteobacteria; however, the most abundant phyla were Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria in soil samples from three different layers. In addition, the diversity and richness of the microorganisms in the soil were very similar to those in roots but higher than those in other tissues of P. ludlowii. Predictive metagenome analysis revealed that endophytic bacteria play critical functional roles in P. ludlowii. This conclusion could facilitate the study of the ecological functions of endophytic bacteria and their interactions with P. ludlowii to analyze the reasons why this important medicinal plant is becoming endangered.
Critical assessment of relevant methods in the field of biosensors with direct optical detection based on fibers and waveguides using plasmonic, resonance, and interference effects
Authors: Gauglitz Günter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDirect optical detection has proven to be a highly interesting tool in biomolecular interaction analysis to be used in drug discovery, ligand/receptor interactions, environmental analysis, clinical diagnostics, screening of large data volumes in immunology, cancer therapy, or personalized medicine. In this review, the fundamental optical principles and applications are reviewed. Devices are based on concepts such as refractometry, evanescent field, waveguides modes, reflectometry, resonance and/or interference. They are realized in ring resonators; prism couplers; surface plasmon resonance; resonant mirror; Bragg grating; grating couplers; photonic crystals, Mach-Zehnder, Young, Hartman interferometers; backscattering; ellipsometry; or reflectance interferometry. The physical theories of various optical principles have already been reviewed in detail elsewhere and are therefore only cited. This review provides an overall survey on the application of these methods in direct optical biosensing. The “historical” development of the main principles is given to understand the various, and sometimes only slightly modified variations published as “new” methods or the use of a new acronym and commercialization by different companies. Improvement of optics is only one way to increase the quality of biosensors. Additional essential aspects are the surface modification of transducers, immobilization strategies, selection of recognition elements, the influence of non-specific interaction, selectivity, and sensitivity. Furthermore, papers use for reporting minimal amounts of detectable analyte terms such as value of mass, moles, grams, or mol/L which are difficult to compare. Both these essential aspects (i.e., biochemistry and the presentation of LOD values) can be discussed only in brief (but references are provided) in order to prevent the paper from becoming too long. The review will concentrate on a comparison of the optical methods, their application, and the resulting bioanalytical quality.
Prevalence of PD-L1 expression is associated with EMAST, density of peritumoral T-cells and recurrence-free survival in operable non-metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Watson Martin M. , Lea Dordi , Gudlaugsson Einar , Skaland Ivar , Hagland Hanne R. , Søreide Kjetil 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Microsatellite instability (MSI) predict response to anti-PD1 immunotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). CRCs with MSI have higher infiltration of immune cells related to a better survival. Elevated Microsatellite Alterations at Tetranucleotides (EMAST) is a form of MSI but its association with PD-L1 expression and immune-cell infiltration is not known.

Methods
A consecutive, observational cohort of patients undergoing surgery for CRC. EMAST and clinicopathological characteristics were investigated against PD-L1, as well as CD3 and CD8 expression in the invasive margin or tumour centre (Immunoscore). Difference in survival between groups was assessed by log rank test.

Results
A total of 149 stage I–III CRCs patients, with a median follow up of 60.1 months. Patients with PD-L1+ tumours (7%) were older (median 79 vs 71 years, p = 0.045) and had EMAST+ cancers (OR 10.7, 95% CI 2.2–51.4, p = 0.001). Recurrence-free survival was longer in cancers with PD-L1+ immune cells (HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.16–0.76, p = 0.008, independent of EMAST) and high Immunoscore (HR 0.10, 95% CI 0.01–0.72, p = 0.022). Patients expressing PD-L1 in immune cells had longer disease-specific survival (HR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10–0.77, p = 0.014).

Conclusions
Higher Immunoscore (CD3/CD8 cells) and expression of tumour PD-L1 is found in CRCs with EMAST. Lymphocytic infiltrate and peritumoral PD-L1 expression have prognostic value in CRC.
Condensin I is required for faithful meiosis in Drosophila males
Authors: Kleinschnitz Kristina , Vießmann Nina , Jordan Mareike , Heidmann Stefan K. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe heteropentameric condensin complexes play vital roles in the formation and faithful segregation of mitotic chromosomes in eukaryotes. While the different contributions of the two common condensin complexes, condensin I and condensin II, to chromosome morphology and behavior in mitosis have been thoroughly investigated, much less is known about the specific roles of the two complexes during meiotic divisions. InDrosophila melanogaster, faithful mitotic divisions depend on functional condensin I, but not on condensin II. However, meiotic divisions in Drosophila males require functional condensin II subunits. The role of condensin I during male meiosis in Drosophila has been unresolved. Here, we show that condensin I-specific subunits localize to meiotic chromatin in both meiosis I and II during Drosophila spermatogenesis. Live cell imaging reveals defects during meiotic divisions after RNAi-mediated knockdown of condensin I-specific mRNAs. This phenotype correlates with reduced male fertility and an increase in nondisjunction events both in meiosis I and meiosis II. Consistently, a reduction in male fertility was also observed after proteasome-mediated degradation of the condensin I subunit Barren. Taken together, our results demonstrate an essential role of condensin I during male meiosis inDrosophila melanogaster.
Top-down factors contribute to differences in insect herbivory between saplings and mature trees in boreal and tropical forests
Authors: Zvereva Elena L. , Paolucci Lucas N. , Kozlov Mikhail V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOntogenetic changes in herbivory are generally not consistent with ontogenetic changes in defensive traits of woody plants. This inconsistency suggests that other factors may affect ontogenetic trajectories in herbivory. We tested the hypothesis that top-down factors contribute to differences in foliar losses to insects between juvenile and mature trees in tropical and boreal forests. We used artificial caterpillars made of modelling clay to compare predation rates between saplings and mature trees of two common forest species, Siparuna guianensis in Brazil (tropical site) and Betula pubescens in Finland (boreal site). Leaf area losses to chewing insects in saplings were 2.5-fold higher than in mature trees in both species. Physical plant defences (measured as specific leaf area, SLA) did not differ between saplings and mature trees in the boreal forest, whereas in the tropical forest, SLA was greater in saplings than in mature trees. Attack rates on the model prey by birds were higher in the boreal forest, whereas attack rates by arthropod predators were higher in the tropical forest. Overall, predation rates on model prey were consistently higher on mature trees than on saplings at both sites, but in the boreal site, this pattern was primarily driven by birds, whereas in the tropical site, it was primarily driven by arthropod predators. We conclude that the effect of predation on herbivorous insects may considerably contribute to ontogenetic differences in herbivory, but the relative roles of different predatory groups and of top-down and bottom-up factors may vary between environments.
Responses of the fish community in a eutrophicated lake to long-term food web management assessed by multiple sampling methods
Authors: Rask Martti , Malinen Tommi , Olin Mikko , Peltonen Heikki , Ruuhijärvi Jukka , Vesala Sami , Hietala Jaana 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFish community responses to long-term mass removal of planktivorous fish from eutrophicated Lake Tuusulanjärvi were examined during 1996–2018 by gill net test fishing, hydroacoustics with simultaneous trawling, virtual population analysis (VPA) and fish growth measurements. The gillnet catches of white bream and roach increased first while bream and bleak decreased but recovered in the early 2000s. Perch and pikeperch increased but ruffe decreased and remained low. According to hydroacoustics, pelagic fish biomass decreased. Smelt was the most abundant species at the beginning and the end of the monitoring period but bream dominated the fish biomass in most years. VPA calculations indicated a five- and threefold increase in the biomass of bream and white bream, respectively, during 2005–2011. Significant increases appeared in the growth of perch, bream and roach. Overall, the responses in the fish community structure and fish abundance to the food web management were slight and mostly masked by changes in reproduction and growth of fish and annual variability in environmental conditions such as temperature and water turbidity. Gillnet test fishing and echo sounding complemented each other well in monitoring the effects of management fishing. Where bream is one of the dominant species VPA is also recommended.
Intramolecular vibrations enhance the quantum efficiency of excitonic energy transfer
Authors: Duan Hong-Guang , Nalbach Peter , Miller R. J. Dwayne , Thorwart Michael 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe study the impact of underdamped intramolecular vibrational modes on the efficiency of the excitation energy transfer in a dimer in which each state is coupled to its own underdamped vibrational mode and, in addition, to a continuous background of environmental modes. For this, we use the numerically exact hierarchy equation of motion approach. We determine the quantum yield and the transfer time in dependence of the vibronic coupling strength, and in dependence of the damping of the incoherent background. Moreover, we tune the vibrational frequencies out of resonance with the excitonic energy gap. We show that the quantum yield is enhanced by up to 10% when the vibrational frequency of the donor is larger than at the acceptor. The vibronic energy eigenstates of the acceptor acquire then an increased density of states, which leads to a higher occupation probability of the acceptor in thermal equilibrium. We can conclude that an underdamped vibrational mode which is weakly coupled to the dimer fuels a faster transfer of excitation energy, illustrating that long-lived vibrations can, in principle, enhance energy transfer, without involving long-lived electronic coherence.