bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TREM2 Promotes Natural Killer Cell Development in CD3-CD122+NK1.1+ pNK Cells
Authors: Lee Hwa-Youn , Lee Eun-Hee , Yi Jawoon , Ji Kon-Young , Kim Su-Man , Choi Ha-Rim , Kang Hyung-Sik , Kim Eun-Mi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) signaling is considered to regulate anti-inflammatory responses in macrophages, dendritic cell maturation, osteoclast development, induction of obesity, and Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. However, little is known regarding the effect of TREM2 on natural killer (NK) cells.Results: Here, we demonstrated for the first time that CD3-CD122+NK1.1+ precursor NK (pNK) cells expressed TREM2 and their population increased in TREM2-overexpressing transgenic (TREM2-TG) mice compared with that in female C57BL/6J wild type (WT) mice. Both NK cell-activating receptors and NK cell-associated genes were expressed at higher levels in various tissues of TREM2-TG mice than in WT mice. In addition, bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) of TREM2-TG mice (TG-HSCs) successfully differentiated into NK cells in vitro, with a higher yield from TG-HSCs than from WT-HSCs. In contrast, TREM2 signaling inhibition by TREM2-Ig or a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor affected the expression of the NK cell receptor repertoire and decreased the expression levels of NK cell-associated genes, resulting in significant impairment of NK cell differentiation. Moreover, in melanoma-bearing WT mice, injection of bone marrow cells from TREM2-TG mice exerted greater antitumor effects than that with cells from WT control mice.Conclusions: Collectively, our data clearly showed that TREM2 promoted NK cell development and tumor regression, suggesting TREM2 as a new candidate for cancer immunotherapy.
Research on the Drought Tolerance Mechanism of Pennisetum Glaucum (L.) in the Root During Seedling
Authors: Zhang Ailing , Ji Yang , Sun Min , Lin Chuang , Zhou Puding , Ren Juncai , Luo Dan , Wang Xiaoshan , Ma Encong , Huang Linkai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDrought, being as one of the major environmental limiting factors, leads a huge reduction in crop growth rate and biomass accumulation. Pearl millet is a suitable material to study drought resistance due to its excellent drought tolerance. Root is a very important part of plant playing crucial roles in plant growth and development, which makes it a target to research on.ResultsIn this study, we tried to find the mechanism of drought tolerance of pearl millet by comparing the data of physiology and transcriptome under normal and drought conditions at 3 time points (1 hour, 3 hours and 7 hours) in root at seedling stage. The relative electrical conductivity went up from 1hour to 7 hours in both control and drought stress groups and the content of malondialdehyde showed a decreasing trend. 2004, 1538 and 605 differently expressed genes were found at 1hour, 3 hours and 7 hours respectively. Some of these differently expressed genes were clustered significantly into ‘metabolic processes’, ‘MAPK signaling pathway’ and ‘plant hormone signal transduction’ like ABA signal transduction pathway in GO and KEGG enrichment analysis.ConclusionsPearl millet was found to have a rapid drought response, which may occur before 1 hour contributing to its drought tolerance. These results can provide a theoretical basis to enhance drought resistance in other plants.
Association of Health Status and Smoking Behaviors with SARS-CoV-2 Positivity Rates
Authors: Duszynski Thomas , Fadel William , Wools-Kaloustian Kara , Dixon Brian , Yiannoutsos Constantin , Halverson Paul , Menachemi Nir 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Much of what is known about COVID-19 risk factors comes from patients with serious symptoms who test positive. While risk factors for hospitalization or death include chronic conditions and smoking; less is known about how health status or tobacco use is associated with risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals who do not present clinically. Methods Two community-based population samples (including individuals randomly and nonrandomly selected for statewide testing, n= 8,214) underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing in nonclinical settings. Each participant was tested for current (viral PCR) and past (antibody) infection in April or June of 2020. Before testing, participants provided demographic information and self-reported health status and tobacco behaviors (smoking, chewing, vaping/e-cigarettes). Using descriptive statistics and a bivariate logistic regression model, we examined the association between health status and use of tobacco with SARS-CoV-2 positivity on either PCR or antibody tests.Results Compared to people with self-identified “excellent” or very good health status, those reporting “good” or “fair” health status had a higher risk of past or current infections. Positive smoking status was inversely associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Chewing tobacco was associated with infection and the use of vaping/e-cigarettes was not associated with infection. Conclusions In a statewide, community-based population drawn for seroprevalence studies, we find that overall health status is associated with infection rates. Unlike in studies of COVID-19 patients, smoking status was inversely associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity. More research is needed to further understand the nature of this relationship.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of The MIOX Gene Family in Cotton
Authors: Li Zhaoguo , Liu Zhen , Wei Yangyang , Liu Yuling , Li Pengtao , Xing Linxue , Liu Mengjie , Lu Quanwei , Peng Renhai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The enzyme myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) catalyzes the myo-inositol into glucuronic acid. Previous studies indicated that MIOX may play an important role in plant responses to abiotic stresses. Cotton is a major source of natural and renewable textile. However, the MIOX gene family of cotton has not been systematically identified and characterized yet.Results: In this study, 6 MIOX genes were identified from all of the three diploid cotton species (Gossypium arboretum, Gossypium herbaceum and Gossypium raimondii), 12 MIOX genes were identified from two domesticated tetraploid cottons Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium barbadense, and 11 MIOX genes were identified from three wild tetraploid cottons Gossypium tomentosum, Gossypium mustelinum and Gossypium darwinii. The number of MIOX genes in tetraploid cotton genome is roughly twice that of diploid cotton genome. Members of MIOX family were classified into six groups based on the phylogenetic analysis. Integrated analysis of collinearity events and chromosome locations suggested that both whole genome duplication and segmental duplication events contributed to the expansion of MIOX genes during cotton evolution. The ratios of non-synonymous (Ka) and synonymous (Ks) substitution rates revealed that purifying selection was the main force driving the evolution of MIOX genes. Numerous cis-acting elements related to light responsive element, defense and stress responsive element were identified in the promoter of the MIOX genes. Expression analyses of MIOX genes based on RNA-seq data showed that MIOX genes within the same group shared similar expression patterns with each other.Conclusions: In this work, we systematically analyzed MIOX genes from eight Gossypium genomes and the Gossypioides kirkii genome using a set of bioinformatics approaches. All of these results provide the foundation for further study of the biological functions of MIOX genes in cotton environmental adaptability.
Evaluating the Implementation and Feasibility of a Guideline-Driven Process for Improving the Cultural Responsiveness of Non-Aboriginal Alcohol and Drug Treatment Services
Authors: Farnbach Sara , Allan Julaine , Wallace Raechel , Aiken Alexandra , Shakeshaft Anthony 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background To improve Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people’s access to, and experience of, healthcare services, including Alcohol and other Drug (AoD) treatment services, principles and frameworks have been developed to optimise cultural responsiveness. Implementing those principles in practice, however, can be difficult to achieve. This study has five aims: i) to describe a five-step process developed to operationalise improvements in culturally responsive practice in AoD services; ii) to evaluate the fidelity of implementation for this five-step process; iii) to identify barriers and enablers to implementation; iv) to assess the feasibility and acceptability of this approach; and v) to describe iterative adaptation of implementation processes based on participant feedback.Methods Participating services were 15 non-Aboriginal AoD services in New South Wales, Australia. Implementation records were used to assess the implementation fidelity of the project. Structured interviews with chief executive officers or senior management were conducted, and interview data were thematically analysed to identify project acceptability, and the key enablers of, and barriers to, project implementation. Quantitative descriptive analyses were performed on the post-implementation workshop survey data, and responses to the free text questions were thematically analysed. Results A high level of implementation fidelity was achieved. Key enablers were the timing of the introduction of the five-step process, the active interest of staff across a range of seniority and the availability of resources and staff time to identify and implement activities. Key barriers included addressing the unique needs of a range of treatment sub-groups, difficulty adapting activities to different service delivery models, limited time to implement change in this evaluation (three months) and the varied skill level across staff. The project was rated as being highly acceptable and relevant to services, with planned changes perceived to be achievable and important by CEOs/managers and staff. Based on staff feedback after the project was implemented at the initial services, several improvements to processes were made.Conclusion The operationalisation of the five-step process developed to improve cultural responsiveness was feasible and acceptable and may be readily applicable to improving the cultural responsiveness of a wide variety of health and human services.
A Framework for Systemic Sustainable Construction Industry Development (SSCID)
Authors: Gyadu-Asiedu William , Ampadu-Asiamah Adwoa , Fokuo-Kusi Alfred 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The quest by most countries to achieve sustainable construction has met with several challenges as evidenced in low goal accomplishment. This is largely due to the fact that the issues have not been addressed within the context of the CI. Using the system thinking philosophy as applied to the construction industry, it should be possible to ensure sustainable development within the entire industry which should then spearhead sustainable construction as part of its sustainable development goals (SDGs). This paper proposes a framework by which a construction industry of a country could be developed sustainably and systemically. The methodology used involved an analytic study of relevant literature, reports and other documents on the implementation and challenges in sustainable development as applied to the construction industry. It identifies the major challenges and barriers militating against the CI development which must be addressed. It also posits that the goals of sustainable CI development should be linked to the SDGs. A framework is designed by which all the development of all the systems or organisations in the CI (all firms: construction, consulting, supplying, etc.) could be achieved taking cognisance of the identifiable components of CI development. This continuous process of ensuring sustainable development of the various organisations which shall be measured, monitored and managed (The 3Ms) will provide the needed environment for sustainable construction industry among other benefits. The framework is expected to operate on a construction industry information modelling (CIIM) principle and in an environment akin to the Building information modelling (BIM).
The Effects of Beta-cell Mass and Function, Intercellular Coupling, and islet Synchrony on Ca2+ Dynamics in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Saadati Maryam , Jamali Yousef 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a challenging metabolic disorder characterized by a substantial loss of beta-cell mass via progressive programmed cell death and alteration of beta-cell function in the islets of Langerhans, disrupting insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. The mechanisms for deficiency in beta-cell mass and function during the hyperglycemia development and T2D pathogenesis are complex. To study the relative contribution of beta-cell mass to beta-cell function in T2D, we make use of a comprehensive electrophysiological model from human beta-cell clusters. We find that defect in beta-cell mass causes a functional decline in single beta-cell, impairment in intra-islet synchrony, and changes in the form of oscillatory patterns of membrane potential and intracellular Ca2+ concentration, which can lead to changes in insulin secretion dynamics and insulin levels. The model demonstrates good correspondence between suppression of synchronizing electrical activity and pulsatile insulin release, and published experimental measurements. We then compare the role of gap junction-mediated electrical coupling with both beta-cell synchronization and metabolic coupling in the behavior of Ca2+ concentration dynamics within human islets. Our results indicate that inter-beta-cellular electrical coupling depicts a more important factor in shaping the physiological regulation of islet function and in human T2D. We further predict that varying the conductance gating of delayed rectifier K+ channels modifies oscillatory activity patterns of the beta-cell population lacking intercellular coupling, which significantly affects Ca2+ concentration and insulin secretion.
Human Cryptochrome Mediates Oxidative Stress Responses Modulated by Static and Electromagnetic Fields in Doxorubicin-Treated Cells
Authors: Hajipour-Verdom Behnam , Alipour Mozhgan , Abdolmaleki Parviz , Hosseinkhani Saman , Khoobi Mehdi , Panjali Zahra , Alipour Mohsen , Alam Nader Riyahi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cryptochromes (CRYs) have been suggested to involve in the magnetic sensing for navigation of migratory birds in response to Earth’s magnetic fields. Magnetic fields (MFs) through wireless penetration change the cell physiology by effect on physicochemical reactions. Here, we aimed to investigate the behavior of HEK 293T cells overexpressing human CRY-based magnetoreception complexes undergo doxorubicin (DOX) treatment and exposure to moderate intensity static magnetic field (SMF) and extremely low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF). The ability of this magnetosensor is depended on CRY-photoreceptor proteins that complemented with putative magnetosensor proteins (MagR). The results indicate that magnetic sensitivity of CRY-based magnetosensor can effects on the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell growth, cell cycle progression and expression of DNA damage-related genes due to treatment of DOX, SMF and ELF-PEMF. Our findings show that ROS accumulation significantly decreased in the cells expressing CRY/MagR complexes in response to all treatments, and also cell viability is decreased in contrast to MFs exposure. In addition, magnetosensitive complexes mediated the upregulation of genes in the base excision repair (BER) pathway including ITPA in presence of SMF as well as MTH1 in presence of ELF-PEMF in the DOX treated-cells. Furthermore, CRY/MagR induced a remarkable cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in the all treatments. These results demonstrated that CRY/MagR complexes modify the DNA damage responses during genotoxic stresses by controlling the cell cycle progression and ROS levels. Therefore, our data suggest that CRY-based magnetosensitive complexes can increase the cytotoxic effects of DOX even when SMF and/or ELF-PEMF exposure were provided, exclusively.
Pure T-cell Mediated Rejection Following Kidney Transplant According to Response to Treatment&nbsp;
Authors: Kwon Hyunwook , Kim Young Hoon , Kim Dong Hyun , Ko Youngmin , Lim Seong Jun , Jung Joo Hee , Baek Chung Hee , Kim Hyosang , Park Su-Kil , Shin Sung , Cho Yong-Pil , Han Duck Jong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Over the last two decades, the focus of studies on graft survival (GS) after kidney transplantation (KT) has largely shifted from T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) to antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). However, there are still cases of pure acute TCMR in histological reports, even after a long time following transplant. We thus evaluated the impact of pure TCMR on GS according to treatment response. We also performed molecular diagnosis using a molecular microscope diagnostic system (MMDx) to determine the accuracy of the histologic diagnosis of pure TCMR. A total of 63 patients were included in our study and divided into non-responders (N = 22) and responders (N = 44) according to their response to rejection treatment. Molecular diagnosis and histologic diagnosis were conducted simultaneously on a separate group of 23 patients. The non-responders had a significantly longer duration between treatment and recurrent rejection than did the responders (24 vs. 11 months; P < 0.01). The cumulative incidence of recurrent rejection after treatment was significantly higher in the non-responders as well (64% vs. 29%; P < 0.01). Non-response to rejection treatment was significantly associated with the following factors: GFR at biopsy, ΔGFR (baseline GFR – GFR at biopsy), TCMR within one year, t score, and IF/TA score. We also found that non-responder vs. responder (HR = 3.31; P = 0.04) and lower GFR at biopsy per 10 mL/min/1.73m2 (HR = 0.56; P = 0.03) were independent risk factors of graft failure. The responders had a significantly superior overall GS rate compared with the non-responders (P < 0.01). Molecular assessment using MMDx showed a good correlation with histologic diagnosis in ABMR, but not in TCMR. Solitary TCMR was a significant risk factor of graft failure in patients who did not respond to rejection treatment. Molecular assessment using MMDx did not show a good correlation with histologic diagnosis in TCMR, suggesting that acute pure TCMR at one year after transplant in histologic reports should be interpreted with caution.
STK35L1 regulates Plasmodium infection and expression of cell cycle genes during liver stage of malaria
Authors: Sharma Phulwanti , Kalia Inderjeet , Kaushik Vibha , Brünnert Daniela , Quadiri Afshana , Kashif Mohammad , Chahar Kirti , Agarwal Akhil , Singh Agam Prasad , Goyal Pankaj 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Protein kinases of both the parasite and host are crucial in parasite invasion and survival and might be drug targets against drug-resistant malaria. STK35L1 was among the top five hits in kinome-wide screening, suggesting a role in malaria’s liver stage. The function of STK35L1 in malaria is not known yet. We found that STK35L1 was highly upregulated during the infection of P. berghei in HepG2 cells and mice liver. Knockdown of STK35L1 remarkably suppressed the sporozoite infection in hepatocytes. STAT3 is upregulated and phosphorylated during P. berghei sporozoites infection. We found that STAT3 activation is required for both STK35L1 and STAT3 upregulation. Furthermore, ten cell cycle genes were upregulated in the sporozoite-infected hepatocytes. Knockdown of STK35L1 completely inhibited the upregulation of these genes. We identified STK35L1 as a host kinase that plays an obligatory role in malaria’s liver stage. It may be a potential drug target against drug-resistant malaria.
Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis on Orthopantomogram
Authors: Choi Eunhye , Kim Donghyun , Lee Jeong-Yun , Park Hee-Kyung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Orthopantomogram (OPG) is still important in primary diagnosis of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), because of cost and radiation of computed tomogram (CT). The aims of this study were to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model and compare its TMJOA diagnostic performance on OPG with that of an oromaxillofacial radiology (OMFR) expert. An AI model was developed using Karas’ ResNet model and trained to classify images into three categories: normal, indeterminate OA, and OA. This study included 1189 OPG images confirmed by cone-beam CT and evaluated the results by model (accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score) and diagnostic performance (accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity). The model performance was unsatisfying when AI developed with 3 categories. After the indeterminate OA images were reclassified as normal, OA, or omission, the AI diagnosed TMJOA in a similar manner to the expert and was most accordant with CBCT read when the indeterminate OA was omitted (accuracy: 0.78, sensitivity: 0.73, and specificity: 0.82). Our deep learning model showed a sensitivity equivalent to that of an expert, with a better balance between sensitivity and specificity, which implies that AI can play an important role in primary diagnosis of TMJOA on OPGs in most general practice clinics where OMFR experts or CT are not available.
Patterns of Pain Location in Music Students. A Cluster Analysis&nbsp;
Authors: Cruder Cinzia , Barbero Marco , Soldini Emiliano , Gleeson Nigel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: According to existing literature, musicians experience high rates of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders involving different anatomical areas. The aim of the study was to identify patterns of pain location in a sample of music students enrolled in different pan-European music institutions. A further goal was to explore the association between the identified pain patterns and students’ characteristics.Methods: A total of 340 music students (mean age 23.3 years, 66.2% female) with current MSK pain completed a web-based questionnaire including both background information (i.e. lifestyle and physical activity, practice habits) and clinical features (i.e. pain characteristics, disability, pain self-efficacy, psychological distress, perfectionism and fatigue). Results: Five patterns of pain location were identified by hierarchical cluster analysis: wrist pain (WP) representing 22.6% of the total sample, widespread pain (WSP) (16.9%), right shoulder pain (RSP) (18.5%), both shoulders pain – left concentrated (LSP) (23.2%), neck and back pain (NBP) (18.8%). Amongst the identified patterns of pain location, bivariate analysis identified the WSP cluster as containing the largest number of associated variables. Participants in this cluster reported a higher percentage of women (p<.05), a higher perceived exertion (p<.01) and psychological distress (p<.001), as well as a lower level of self-efficacy (p<.01). Similarly, a higher percentage of participants included in the WSP cluster perceived their playing activity as the main cause of their MSK pain (p<.01). Additionally, a higher level of disability in relation to playing-related activity was reported by participants included in the WP and WSP clusters (p<.001). The RSP cluster was characterised by a higher percentage of participants playing an instrument in a neutral position (p<.001) and lower levels of socially prescribed perfectionism (p<.01). A higher percentage of participants playing an instrument with both arms elevated in the left quadrant position were included in the LSP cluster and a higher percentage of singers were included in the NBP cluster (p<.001).Conclusions: Five distinct patterns of pain location were identified and their associations with the students’ characteristics were explored. These findings may be helpful in the exploration of different aetiologies of MSK pain among musicians and in the development of targeted preventive strategies and treatments.