bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General Health Care Utilization Among Nonelderly Cancer Survivors Before and After Affordable Care Act Implementation: Early Results
Authors: Shaver Amy L. , Cao Ying , Noyes Katia 
Published: February 2020

PURPOSE: The number of nonelderly cancer survivors is expected to grow and so are their health care costs. Many cancer survivors worry about medical bills. This study examined the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on the rate of insurance, average annual health care expenditure, and patient care experience among cancer survivors and investigated the patient characteristics that were associated with highly rated care experiences before and after ACA implementation. METHODS: The study is a cross-sectional analysis of adult, nonelderly cancer survivors in the 2011 and 2016 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey who completed health care experience questionnaires. Percent covered by insurance both before and after the ACA was calculated, including total out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses as a percentage of overall health care expenditure per patient. Regression was performed to determine characteristics associated with patient experience ratings. RESULTS: Health insurance coverage for cancer survivors was higher in 2016 than in 2011 (98.4% v 94.4%; P = .006). OOP spending as a percentage of health care expenditure among those with expenses decreased and was most striking in those with no insurance. Privately insured individuals were 3 times as likely to rate their care experience high compared with those with no insurance (odds ratio, 3.31; P < .0001). Those with above-average ratings of self-health and with few comorbidities rated their care experiences highly. CONCLUSION: After the ACA, OOP costs have decreased for all types of insurance coverage. The association between patient experience and health status warrants additional study to better manage and coordinate the care of such patients.
Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: An Endocrine Society Guideline Update
Authors: Shoback Dolores , Rosen Clifford J , Black Dennis M , Cheung Angela M , Murad M Hassan , Eastell Richard 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objective
The objective is to provide an update of the 2019 Pharmacological Management of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline for the pharmacological management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women using romosozumab.

Conclusions
We reviewed findings from the meta-analysis and primary clinical trials assessing the efficacy of romosozumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting sclerostin, for the prevention of fractures and concluded that this agent can be considered a treatment option for postmenopausal women at very high risk for osteoporotic fracture. The romosozumab label has a boxed warning, recommending careful consideration by the treating clinician as to cardiovascular risk profile in the individual woman who might receive this agent, since clinical trial data from an active comparator study show an imbalance in serious cardiovascular adverse events between romosozumab and alendronate.
Effects of Mineralocorticoid and AT1 Receptor Antagonism on The Aldosterone-Renin Ratio In Primary Aldosteronism—the EMIRA Study
Authors: Rossi Gian Paolo , Ceolotto Giulio , Rossitto Giacomo , Maiolino Giuseppe , Cesari Maurizio , Seccia Teresa Maria 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Context
While current guidelines recommend the withdrawal of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) and renin-angiotensin system blockers for the screening and detection of primary aldosteronism (PA), this can worsen hypokalemia and control of high blood pressure (BP) values.

Objective
To investigate whether aldosterone/renin ratio (ARR) values were affected by the MRA canrenone and/or by canrenone plus olmesartan treatment in patients with PA.

Design
Within-patient study.

Setting
The European Society of Hypertension center of excellence at the University of Padua.

Patients
Consecutive patients with an unambiguous diagnosis of PA subtyped by adrenal vein sampling.

Interventions
Patients were treated for 1 month with canrenone (50–100 mg orally), and for an additional month with canrenone plus olmesartan (10–20 mg orally). Canrenone and olmesartan were up-titrated over the first 2 weeks until BP values and hypokalemia were controlled. Patients with unilateral PA were adrenalectomized; those with bilateral PA were treated medically.

Main Outcome Measures
BP, plasma levels of sodium and potassium, renin and aldosterone.

Results
Canrenone neither lowered plasma aldosterone nor increased renin; thus, the high ARR and true positive rate remained unaffected. Addition of the angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker raised renin and slightly lowered aldosterone, which reduced the ARR and increased the false negative rate.

Conclusions
At doses that effectively controlled serum potassium and BP values, canrenone did not preclude an accurate diagnosis in patients with PA. Addition of the angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker olmesartan slightly raised the false negative rate. Hence, MRA did not seem to endanger the accuracy of the diagnosis of PA.
BMD-Related Genetic Risk Scores Predict Site-Specific Fractures as Well as Trabecular and Cortical Bone Microstructure
Authors: Nethander Maria , Pettersson-Kymmer Ulrika , Vandenput Liesbeth , Lorentzon Mattias , Karlsson Magnus , Mellström Dan , Ohlsson Claes 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Context
It is important to identify patients at highest risk of fractures.

Objective
To compare the separate and combined performances of bone-related genetic risk scores (GRSs) for prediction of forearm, hip and vertebral fractures separately, as well as of trabecular and cortical bone microstructure parameters separately.

Design, Setting, and Participants
Using 1103 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) independently associated with estimated bone mineral density of the heel (eBMD), we developed a weighted GRS for eBMD and determined its contribution to fracture prediction beyond 2 previously developed GRSs for femur neck BMD (49 SNPs) and lumbar spine BMD (48 SNPs). Associations between these GRSs and forearm (ncases = 1020; ncontrols = 2838), hip (ncases = 1123; ncontrols = 2630) and vertebral (ncases = 288; ncontrols = 1187) fractures were evaluated in 3 Swedish cohorts. Associations between the GRSs and trabecular and cortical bone microstructure parameters (n = 426) were evaluated in the MrOS Sweden cohort.

Results
We found that eBMDGRS was the only significant independent predictor of forearm and vertebral fractures while both FN-BMDGRS and eBMDGRS were significant independent predictors of hip fractures. The eBMDGRS was the major GRS contributing to prediction of trabecular bone microstructure parameters while both FN-BMDGRS and eBMDGRS contributed information for prediction of cortical bone microstructure parameters.

Conclusions
The eBMDGRS independently predicts forearm and vertebral fractures while both FN-BMDGRS and eBMDGRS contribute independent information for prediction of hip fractures. We propose that eBMDGRS captures unique information about trabecular bone microstructure useful for prediction of forearm and vertebral fractures. These findings may facilitate personalized medicine to predict site-specific fractures as well as cortical and trabecular bone microstructure separately.
Roles of Vitamin D in Reproductive Systems and Assisted Reproductive Technology
Authors: Chen Yilu , Zhi Xu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVitamin D, an essential steroid hormone in the human body, plays an important role in not only the regulation of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, but also in various physiological processes, such as cell differentiation and apoptosis, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Vitamin D receptors are widely distributed in male and female reproductive systems, suggesting that vitamin D is essential for fertility. Because vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent around the world, this review aims to discuss the potential functions of vitamin D in male and female reproductive systems and the associations between vitamin D and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes. Vitamin D is involved in many physiological reproductive processes, including steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, and acrosome reaction. It is correlated with sperm quality, ovarian reserve, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and endometriosis, among others. Controversial clinical findings on vitamin D levels and ART outcomes were revealed in this review, and demonstrations of efficacy for human fertility in randomized controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation are notably lacking. Thus, further studies are highly required involving molecular mechanisms among different species and human populations, as well as randomized controlled trials.
The perspectives of patients and their caregivers on self-management interventions for chronic conditions: a protocol for a mixed-methods overview
Authors: Niño de Guzmán Ena , Martínez García Laura , González Ana I. , Heijmans Monique , Huaringa Jorge , Immonen Kaisa , Ninov Lyudmil , Orrego-Villagrán Carola , Pérez-Bracchiglione Javier , Salas-Gama Karla , Viteri-García Andrés , Alonso-Coello Pablo 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Self-management (SM) interventions are complex interventions and one of the main components of high-quality chronic disease care for which the incorporation of the perspectives of patients and their informal caregivers is crucial. We aim to identify, appraise and synthesise the evidence exploring patients’ and caregivers’ perspectives on SM interventions. More precisely, we aim to 1) describe how they value the importance of outcomes of SM interventions, and 2) identify the factors that might impact on acceptability and feasibility of SM interventions based on their preferences and experiences. Methods and analysis: We will conduct four mixed-methods overviews as part of COMPAR-EU, a European Union (EU) funded project aimed to identify the most effective and cost-effective SM interventions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure (HF), obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We will search in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO for systematic reviews of studies addressing patients’ preferences on outcomes, or their experiences with SM alongside their disease trajectory or with SM interventions, published in English. Selection of studies and data extraction will be conducted in pairs. We will assess the overlap of studies and methodological quality. We will follow a three-step synthesis process: 1) narrative synthesis for quantitative evidence, 2) thematic synthesis for qualitative evidence, and 3) integration of findings in the interpretation phase. Additionally, we will consult on the relevance of findings with patients and their caregivers. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42019117867
The perceived benefits of community-based group exercise sessions for survivors of stroke
Authors: Dam Seshnee L , Rhind Daniel JA 
Published: February 2020

Background/aims Post-stroke physical disability, cognitive impairment and emotional trauma can adversely affect the wellbeing of people who have survived stroke. Active participation in group exercise programmes has been advocated as an intervention to potentially enhance wellbeing. This study adopted a qualitative approach to explore the experiences of survivors of stroke who were participating in ongoing community-based group exercise sessions and their impact on subjective wellbeing. Methods Interviews were conducted with 12 participants from four community-based group exercise sessions. Of these, 6 were survivors of stroke (44–60 years) and the remaining 6 participants comprised caregivers, group coordinators and/or instructors, who were closely involved with sessions attended by the stroke survivors. Results Thematic analysis revealed that participation in community-based group exercise sessions offered survivors opportunities for building confidence; enhancing motivation; improving physical ability of affected limbs; enhancing interpersonal relationships; and providing support and knowledge. Participants all agreed that these physical and psychosocial benefits contributed to improved wellbeing and this supported previous research on the benefits of group work. Conclusions Participants explained how community-based group exercise sessions had facilitated their recovery journey and hence it is recommended that such programmes are made available, accessible and affordable to survivors of stroke.
Generalized Commuting Maps On The Set of Singular Matrices
Authors: Franca Willian , Louza Nelson 
Published: February 2020

Let Mn(K) be the ring of all n × n matrices over a field K. In the present paper, additive mappings G : Mn(K) → Mn(K) such that [[G(y), y], y] = 0 for all singular matrix y will be characterized. Precisely, it will be proved that G(x) = λx + µ(x) for all x ∈ Mn(K), where λ ∈ K and µ is a central map. As an application, the description is given of all additive maps g : Mn(K) → Mn(K) such that [[g(yk1 ), yk2 ], yk3 ] = 0 for all singular matrices y ∈ Mn(K), where m ∈ N∗.
Penanaman Nilai Moral- Spiritual Pada Anak Usia Dini Melalui Cerita Fabel dalam Surat Al-Fiil
Authors: Puspitasari Intan , Hidayatulloh Miftah Khilmi 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak. Bercerita merupakan salah satu metode untuk menanamkan nilai moral- spiritual pada anak usia dini. Metode bercerita efektif untuk dilakukan pada anak usia dini karena anak sedang berada pada tingkat dongeng (fairy tale stage) dalam tahap perkembangan spiritualnya. Pada tahapan ini anak tertarik dengan cerita menakjubkan sehingga mengembangkan daya imajinasinya. Kondisi ini dapat dimanfaatkan oleh orang tua maupun pendidik untuk dapat menanamkan berbagai nilai moral- spiritual pada anak melalui sebuah cerita. Untuk menarik minat anak, cerita dapat disampaikan dengan berbagai cara yang lebih sesuai dengan kemajuan zaman saat ini. Dua diantaranya adalah dengan media interaktif dan story telling- story acting. Al quran sebagai pedoman hidup umat Islam sarat akan pelajaran yang tertuang dalam firman-firman Allah. Adapun beberapa pelajaran tersebut disampaikan melalui kisah Nabi, umat terdahulu maupun kisah-kisah binatang. Artikel ini merupakan gagasan tertulis yang membahas tentang pesan-pesan moral yang dapat diambil dari karakter fabel dalam Surat Al-Fiil. Metode yang dilakukan dalam pembuatan artikel ini dilakukan dengan literature review menggunakan tinjauan psikologi melalui teori perkembangan moral- spiritual dan tafsir Al Quran. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah memberikan wawasan baru mengenai penanaman nilai moral pada anak dengan menyampaikan pesan-pesan moral dari cerita fabel dalam Al Quran. Kata kunci: Nilai Moral, Cerita Fabel, Surat Al-Fiil, Anak Usia Dini
Discrimination of hue angle and discrimination of colorimetric purity assessed with a common metric
Authors: Danilova M. V. , Mollon J. D. 
Published: February 2020

It has been suggested that thresholds for discriminating colorimetric purity are systematically higher than those for discriminating hue angle, a difference captured in Judd’s phrase “the super-importance of hue.” However, to compare the two types of discrimination, the measured thresholds must be expressed in the same units. An attractive test is offered by measurements along the horizontal lines in the chromaticity diagram of MacLeod and Boynton [ J. Opt. Soc. Am. 69, 1183 (1979)JOSAAH0030-394110.1364/JOSA.69.001183], i.e., a chromaticity diagram. A horizontal line that extends radially from the white point represents a variation in colorimetric purity alone (and subjectively a variation that is primarily in saturation). In contrast, a horizontal line that runs along the

x

axis of the diagram, close to the long-wave spectrum locus, corresponds predominantly to variation in hue angle. Yet, in both cases, only the ratio of the excitations of the long- and middle-wave cones is being modulated, and so the thresholds can be expressed in a common metric. Measuring forced-choice thresholds for 180 ms foveal targets presented on a steady field metameric to Illuminant D65, we do not find general support for Judd’s working rule that thresholds for purity are systematically twice those for saturation. Thresholds for colorimetric purity were only a little higher than those for hue angle, and the advantage for hue was seen in only part of the ranges that were tested. However, in the upper-left quadrant of the MacLeod–Boynton diagram, where the excitation of short-wave cones is high and where both hue angle and colorimetric purity vary along any given horizontal line, thresholds were indeed sometimes half those observed for discrimination of purity alone.
High-speed photography of shock waves with an adaptive illumination
Authors: Agrež Vid , Požar Tomaž , Petkovšek Rok 
Published: February 2020

An adaptable, laser-diode-based illumination system was developed to simultaneously visualize the dynamics of slow and fast phenomena in optically transparent media. The system can be coupled with still or high-speed cameras and makes it possible to generate an arbitrary train of illumination pulses with a variable pulse duration, pulse energy, and an intrapulse delay with a temporal resolution of 12.5 ns. Its capabilities are presented with selected illustrative visualizations of the dynamics of the shock waves and the cavitation entities generated after the laser-induced breakdown in water.
Construction of twenty-six points specific optimum second order rotatable designs in three dimensions with a practical example
Authors: Isaac Kipkosgei Tum 
Published: February 2020

This quadratic response surface methodology focuses on finding the levels of some (coded) predictor variables x = (x1u, x2u, x3u)' that optimize the expected value of a response variable yu from natural levels. The experiment starts from some best guess or â€œcontrolâ€ combination of the predictor variables (usually coded to x = 0 for this case x1u=30, x2u=25 and x3u =40) and experiment is performed varying them in a region around this center point.We go further to construct a specific optimum second order rotatable design of three factors in twenty-six points. The achievement of this is done with estimation of the free parameters using calculus in an existing second order rotatable design of twenty-six points. Such a design permits a response surface to be fitted easily and provides spherical information contours besides the realizations of optimum combination of ingredients in Agriculture, horticulture and allied sciences which results in economic use of scarce resources in relevant production processes. The expected second order rotatable design model in three dimensions is available where the responses would then facilitate the estimation of the linear and quadratic coefficients. An example involving Phosphate (x1u), Nitrogen (x2u) and Potassium (x3u) is used to represent the three factors in the coded level and converted into natural levels.Â Â
Evaluation and comparison of drought tolerance in some wild diploid populations, tetraploid and hexaploid cultivars of wheat using stress tolerance indices
Authors: KHOSRAVI Sara , AZIZINEZHAD Reza , BAGHIZADEH Amin , MALEKI Mahmood 
Published: February 2020

This study was carried out on grain yield in wheat genotypes with the aim of assessing genetic potential of drought tolerance. The experiment was performed as split plot in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications under normal and drought stress conditions with 32 genotypes. Based on grain yield, and under the condition of non-stress and drought stress, 5 drought tolerance indices are estimated including Tolerance Index (TOL), Stress Tolerance (STI), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean (GMP) and, Harmonic Mean (HM) for all kinds of genotypes. The analysis of yield correlation and drought tolerance indices in two environments indicated that STI, MP, GMP, HM indices were the most suitable parameters for screening wheat genotypes. Principal components analysis exhibited that the 83 % of first principal component and the 15 % of second one justified the variation of the initial data. Drawing bi-plot diagram declared that Sabalan, Shabrang, Aria, Azar, Azadi, and T2 genotypes were highly functional and resistant to drought stress.
Implementation of metrological traceability in laboratory medicine: where we are and what is missing
Authors: Panteghini Mauro , Braga Federica 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
The Joint Committee on Traceability in Laboratory Medicine (JCTLM) has recently created the Task Force on Reference Measurement System Implementation (TF-RMSI) for providing guidance on traceability implementation to in vitro diagnostics (IVD) manufacturers. Using serum creatinine (sCr) as an example, a preliminary exercise was carried out by checking what type of information is available in the JCTLM database and comparing this against derived analytical performance specifications (APS) for measurement uncertainty (MU) of sCr.

Content
APS for standard MU of sCr measurements were established as a fraction (≤0.75, minimum quality; ≤0.50, desirable quality; and ≤0.25, optimum quality) of the intra-individual biological variation of the measurand (4.4%). By allowing no more than one third of the total MU budget for patient samples to be derived from higher-order references, two out of the four JCTLM reference materials (RMs) at least allow minimum APS to be achieved for the MU of patient samples. Commutability was explicitly assessed for one of the JCTLM-listed matrixed RMs, which was produced in compliance with ISO 15194:2009 standard, whereas the remaining three RMs were assessed against the ISO 15194:2002 version of the standard, which only required the extent of commutability testing to be reported. Regarding the three listed reference methods, the MU associated with isotopic dilution-mass spectrometry coupled to gas chromatography (ID/GC/MS) and isotopic dilution-mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography (ID/LC/MS) would allow APS to be fulfilled, while the isotope dilution surface-enhanced Raman scattering (ID/SERS) method displays higher MU.

Summary
The most recently listed RM for sCr in the JCTLM database meets the ISO 15194:2009 requirements with MU that would allow APS to be fulfilled and has had commutability demonstrated for use as a common calibrator in implementing traceability of sCr measurements. Splitting clinical samples with a laboratory performing ID/GC/MS or ID/LC/MS provides an alternative but would also require all components of uncertainty of these materials to be assessed.

Outlook
Using appropriately derived APS to judge whether reference measurement system components are fit for purpose represents a novel approach. The TF-RMSI is planning to review a greater number of measurands to provide more robust information about the state of the art of available reference measurement systems and their impact on the ability of clinical measurements to meet APS.