bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions from stored manure from beef cattle supplemented 3-nitrooxypropanol and monensin to reduce enteric methane emissions
Authors: Owens Jennifer L. , Thomas Ben W. , Stoeckli Jessica L. , Beauchemin Karen A. , McAllister Tim A. , Larney Francis J. , Hao Xiying 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe investigative material 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) can reduce enteric methane emissions from beef cattle. North American beef cattle are often supplemented the drug monensin to improve feed digestibility. Residual and confounding effects of these additives on manure greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are unknown. This research tested whether manure carbon and nitrogen, and GHG and ammonia emissions, differed from cattle fed a typical finishing diet and 3-NOP [125–200 mg kg−1 dry matter (DM) feed], or both 3-NOP (125–200 mg kg−1 DM) and monensin (33 mg kg−1 DM) together, compared to a control (no supplements) when manure was stockpiled or composted for 202 days. Consistent with other studies, cumulative GHGs (except nitrous oxide) and ammonia emissions were higher from composted compared to stockpiled manure (all P < 0.01). Dry matter, total carbon and total nitrogen mass balance estimates, and cumulative GHG and ammonia emissions, from stored manure were not affected by 3-NOP or monensin. During the current experiment, supplementing beef cattle with 3-NOP did not significantly affect manure GHG or NH3 emissions during storage under the tested management conditions, suggesting supplementing cattle with 3-NOP does not have residual effects on manure decomposition as estimated using total carbon and nitrogen losses and GHG emissions.
Ionospheric monitoring with the Chilean GPS eyeball during the South American total solar eclipse on 2nd July 2019
Authors: Maurya Ajeet K. , Shrivastava Mahesh N. , Kumar Kondapalli Niranjan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe impact of total solar eclipse of July 2, 2019 on the Ionosphere is studied using 24 Chilean GPS stations north–south of the totality path. The total solar eclipse passed through Coquimbo region from ~ 16:38 CLT (~ 20:38 UTC) to ~ 16:40 CLT (~ 20:40 UTC) and maximum eclipse was observed ~ 16:39 CLT (~ 20:39 UTC). The total electron content (TEC) derived from GPS signals shows peculiar features. At the totality stations TEC variations are small (~ 0.39 TECu), but it shows significant decrease (maximum ~ 2.24 TECu) for stations located south and increase (maximum ~ 3.89 TECu) for the stations located north of totality of the surface. The wavelet analysis of VTEC timeseries shows the presence of strong atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) of duration ~ 30 to 60 min at the stations located north of totality. Thus, the results suggest an interplay between eclipse effect on the ionosphere plasma density and eclipse generated AGWs induced plasma density perturbation provided the peculiar features.
Cocaine addicted rats show reduced neural activity as revealed by manganese-enhanced MRI
Authors: Cannella Nazzareno , Cosa-Linan Alejandro , Takahashi Tatiane , Weber-Fahr Wolfgang , Spanagel Rainer 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCocaine addiction develops as a continuum from recreational to habitual and ultimately compulsive drug use. Cocaine addicts show reduced brain activity. However, it is not clear if this condition results from individual predisposing traits or is the result of chronic cocaine intake. A translational neuroimaging approach with an animal model distinguishing non-addict-like vs. addict-like animals may help overcome the limitations of clinical research by comparing controlled experimental conditions that are impossible to obtain in humans. Here we aimed to evaluate neuronal activity in freely moving rats by manganese enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the 0/3crit model of cocaine addiction. We show that addict-like rats exhibit reduced neuronal activity compared to cocaine-naïve controls during the first week of abstinence. In contrast, cocaine-experienced non-addict-like rats maintained their brain activity at a level comparable to cocaine-naïve controls. We also evaluated brain activity during cocaine bingeing, finding a general reduction of brain activity in cocaine experienced rats independent of an addiction-like phenotype. These findings indicate that brain hypoactivity in cocaine addiction is associated with the development of compulsive use rather than the amount of cocaine consumed, and may be used as a potential biomarker for addiction that clearly distinguishes non-addict-like vs addict-like cocaine use.
The resilience of weed seedbank regulation by carabid beetles, at continental scales, to alternative prey
Authors: Carbonne Benjamin , Petit Sandrine , Neidel Veronika , Foffova Hana , Daouti Eirini , Frei Britta , Skuhrovec Jiří , Řezáč Milan , Saska Pavel , Wallinger Corinna , Traugott Michael , Bohan David A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCarabids are generalist predators that contribute to the agricultural ecosystem service of seedbank regulation via weed seed predation. To facilitate adoption of this ecosystem services by farmers, knowledge of weed seed predation and the resilience of seedbank regulation with co-varying availability of alternative prey is crucial. Using assessments of the seedbank and predation on seed cards in 57 cereal fields across Europe, we demonstrate a regulatory effect on the soil seedbank, at a continental scale, by groups formed of omnivore, seed-eating (granivore + omnivore) and all species of carabids just prior to the crop-harvest. Regulation was associated with a positive relationship between the activity-density of carabids and seed predation, as measured on seed cards. We found that per capita seed consumption on the cards co-varied negatively with the biomass of alternative prey, i.e. Aphididae, Collembola and total alternative prey biomass. Our results underline the importance of weed seedbank regulation by carabids, across geographically significant scales, and indicate that the effectiveness of this biocontrol may depend on the availability of alternative prey that disrupt the weed seed predation.
Transformations of phenolic compounds in meadow soils
Authors: Ziolkowska Anna , Debska Bozena , Banach-Szott Magdalena 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of the research has been to determine the role of phenolic compounds in the processes of transformations of organic matter in meadow soils, leading to the formation of humic substances. The research has been performed based on the plant material and soil sampled from Europe’s unique complex of permanent grasslands irrigated continuously for 150 years applying the slope-and-flooding system, the Czerskie Meadows. Phenolic compounds were isolated from the plant material samples (hay, sward and roots) and soils (horizon A, AE and Bsv) and from the fraction of humic and fulvic acids. It was found that the contents of phenolic compounds decrease in the following order: hay > sward > roots > A horizon soil > AE horizon soil > Bsv horizon soil > A horizon fulvic acids > AE horizon fulvic acids > Bsv horizon fulvic acids > A horizon fulvic acids > AE horizon fulvic acids > Bsv horizon fulvic acids. A significantly higher share of cinnamyl than vanillyl and syringyl compounds in the extracts of fulvic acids and slightly higher in the hydrolysates of humic acids confirms the effect of the chemical composition of the plant material undergoing decomposition on the properties of the emerging humic substances.
Regulation of O-GlcNAcylation on endothelial nitric oxide synthase by glucose deprivation and identification of its O-GlcNAcylation sites
Authors: He An , Hu Shupeng , Pi Qiangzhong , Guo Yongzheng , Long Yang , Luo Suxin , Xia Yong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAs an energy-sensitive post-translational modification, O-GlcNAcylation plays a major role in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity regulation. However, effects of glucose deprivation on eNOS O-GlcNAcylation and the presence of novel O-GlcNAcylation sites of eNOS under glucose deprivation remain unknown. Hence, we aim to determine the effects of glucose deprivation on O-GlcNAcylation and novel O-GlcNAcylation sites of eNOS. Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) and Sprague–Dawley rats were induced by glucose deprivation and their eNOS O-GlcNAcylation was subjected to immunoblotting. eNOS and transfected eNOS were purified by pull-down assay and immunoprecipitation respectively. Novel O-GlcNAcylation sites of eNOS were predicted by HPLC–MS and MS/MS Ion and determined by immunoblotting. eNOS activity was detected by Elisa and isotope labeling method. In BAECs and rat thoracic aorta, low glucose-associated activation of eNOS was accompanied by elevated O-GlcNAcylation, which did not affect O-linked serine phosphorylation at 1179/1177 residues. Changes in this post-translational modification were associated with increased O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) expression and were reversed by AMPK knockdown. Immunoblot analysis of cells expressing His-tagged wild-type human eNOS and human eNOS carrying a mutation at the Ser1177 phosphorylation site confirmed an increase in O-GlcNAcylation by glucose deprivation. A marked increase in O-GlcNAcylation indicated that eNOS contained novel O-GlcNAcylation sites that were activated by glucose deprivation. Immunoblot analysis of cells expressing His-tagged human eNOS carrying a mutation at Ser738 and Ser867 confirmed an increase in O-GlcNAcylation by glucose deprivation. Conversely, in His-tagged human eNOS carrying a mutation at Thr866, O-GlcNAcylation was unaffected by glucose deprivation. Differences in culture conditions were identified using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), one-way ANOVA, and unpaired Student’s t-test. Glucose deprivation increases O-GlcNAcylation and activity of eNOS, potentially by the AMPK-OGT pathway, suggesting that Thr866 is a novel O-GlcNAcylation site involved in glucose-deprivation mediated eNOS activation.
Evaluation of urinary inflammatory index in rapid screening of urinary tract infection
Authors: Gu Wanjian , Huang Weizhou , Zhang Jie , Qian Shining , Cao Huiling , Ge Liang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the diagnosis value of urinary inflammatory index (UII) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) for UTI. Nine inflammatory indexes including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, SII and six UIIs were calculated for Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to select which one is suitable for the screening of UTIs or distinguishing the types of bacteria. UII3, which calculated from leucocyte esterase (LE), nitrite, white blood cells and bacteria, was preferentially used as an indicator for the diagnosis of UTI when the threshold was set at 0.53. UII2 was more suitable for the distinction between groups when the cutoff is set to 0.94. Appropriate urinary inflammation index calculated by rapid urinalysis of urine dipstick and urine sediment can help us to predict urinary tract infection and bacterial type, and reduce the workload and costs of urine culture.
Accuracy and reliability of maxillary digital model (MDM) superimposition in evaluating teeth movement in adults compared with CBCT maxillary superimposition
Authors: Pan Yichen , Wang Xin , Dai Fanfan , Chen Gui , Xu Tianmin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSuperimposition of 3D maxillary digital dental models of different time points based on palatal vault region has been used to evaluate tooth movement during orthodontic treatment. This study evaluated the accuracy and reliability of 3D maxillary digital model (MDM) superimposition in adults by comparing it with CBCT maxillary superimposition. In CBCT maxillary superimposition, voxel-based superimposition was firstly conducted, and MDMs were matched with corresponding CBCT models (CBCT-MDM superimposition). MDM superimposition (palatal vault regional superimposition) were performed on another pair of pre- and posttreatment MDMs. The position and orientation of upper first molars (U6s) and upper central incisors (U1s) on the posttreatment MDMs were compared to assess the accuracy of the MDM superimposition methods. The reliability was validated in both MDM superimposition and CBCT maxillary superimposition. In terms of accuracy, the average linear deviations in U6 and U1 positions were less than ± 0.3 mm, the average angular deviations of U6s and U1s were less than ± 0.2°, both have no significant difference from zero. The ICCs for MDM superimposition ranged from 0.85 to 0.99. The ICCs for CBCT-MDM superimposition were larger than 0.99 in all items. MDM superimposition was an efficient, accurate and reliable method for evaluating teeth movement in adults, although its reliability is slightly lower than CBCT maxillary superimposition.
Biological fabrication of Ag/Ag2O nanoparticles by Haplophyllum obtusifolium watery extract: characterisation and estimation of its biochemical activities
Authors: Rezaei Mohammad Reza , Es‐haghi Ali , Yaghmaei Parichehreh , Ghobeh Maryam 
Published: November 2020

Scientists use biological procedures as ecofriendly and cost‐effective routes to synthesis nanoparticles and nanomaterials. In this work, the biological attitude was aimed at the production of nanoparticles by Haplophyllum obtusifolium watery extract. Several procedures used to describe fabricated nanoparticles are transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. UV–vis technique indicated a sharp peak in area 416 nm and transmission electron microscopy pictures show that the shape of the nanoparticles is spherical and the mean diameter of the synthesised nanoparticle is 13 nm. The silver and silver oxide‐nanoparticles (Ag/Ag2O‐NPs) exhibited antimicrobial properties against positive/negative infective bacteria for instance Staphylococcus aureus/Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli. The biosynthesised nanoparticles show anticancer activity against liver cancer cell (HepG2) which depend on time and concentrations. Also, the synthesised Ag/Ag2O‐NPs act as a green catalyst because of accelerated degradation of stable and organic dye. Consequences established this protocol as easy, fast, nontoxic and alternative conventional physico‐chemical approache.
Chaotic search algorithm for detection of discontinuities using guided waves and beamforming data
Authors: Fernandez-Ramirez Karla I , Baltazar Arturo , Kim Jin-Yeon 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The goal of inspection and continuous health monitoring of engineering structures is to detect defects particularly during their early stages of development. In this work, a method using an optimization scheme for localization of a target using ultrasonic guided waves in a thin plate and data sampled from a beamforming is studied. The proposed optimization scheme finds the target by using a search algorithm based on random and chaotic walk search to reduce the number of evaluation points within the search space. The data used for the scheme is extracted from the using only a reduced number of evaluation points from the energy reconstruction map of a delay and sum beamforming algorithm. The proposed approach is numerically studied and implemented experimentally for discontinuity detection in a plate using guided Lamb waves. The combined experimental and numerical analysis indicates that the searching algorithm was able to find an acoustic target generated by a discontinuity in a plate even when the signals were contaminated by noise.
Short-delay neurofeedback facilitates training of the parietal alpha rhythm
Authors: Belinskaia Anastasiia , Smetanin Nikolai , Lebedev Mikhail , Ossadtchi Alexei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective. Feedback latency was shown to be a critical parameter in a range of applications that imply learning. The therapeutic effects of neurofeedback (NFB) remain controversial. We hypothesized that often encountered unreliable results of NFB intervention could be associated with large feedback latency values that are often uncontrolled and may preclude the efficient learning. Approach. We engaged our subjects into a parietal alpha power unpregulating paradigm facilitated by visual NFB based on the individually extracted envelope of the alpha-rhythm at P4 electrode. NFB was displayed either as soon as electroencephalographic (EEG) envelope was processed, or with an extra 250 or 500 ms delay. The feedback training consisted of 15 two-minute long blocks interleaved with 15 s pauses. We have also recorded 2 min long baselines immediately before and after the training. Main results. The time course of NFB-induced changes in the alpha rhythm power clearly depended on NFB latency, as shown with the adaptive Neyman test. NFB had a strong effect on the alpha-spindle incidence rate, but not on their duration or amplitude. The sustained changes in alpha activity measured after the completion of NFB training were negatively correlated to latency, with the maximum change for the shortest tested latency and no change for the longest. Significance. Here we for the first time show that visual NFB of parietal EEG alpha-activity is efficient only when delivered to human subjects at short latency, which guarantees that NFB arrives when an alpha spindle is still ongoing. Such a considerable effect of NFB latency on the alpha-activity temporal structure could explain some of the previous inconsistent results, where latency was neither controlled nor documented. Clinical practitioners and manufacturers of NFB equipment should add latency to their specifications while enabling latency monitoring and supporting short-latency operations.
Exploring the Gillis model: a discrete approach to diffusion in logarithmic potentials
Authors: Onofri Manuele , Pozzoli Gaia , Radice Mattia , Artuso Roberto 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Gillis model, introduced more than 60 years ago, is a non-homogeneous random walk with a position-dependent drift. Though parsimoniously cited both in physical and mathematical literature, it provides one of the very few examples of a stochastic system allowing for a number of exact results, although lacking translational invariance. We present old and novel results for this model, which moreover we show represents a discrete version of a diffusive particle in the presence of a logarithmic potential.
Research on the patent subject profitability based on the big data analysis
Authors: Liu Rui , Qiao Yongzhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Patent profits that the sum of the benefits obtained by patent owners and related stakeholders are the basic issues of the regulation of patent system and policies. Patent profitability is the comprehensive reflection of the R&D level of innovators and a country’s technology transformation environment. A correct understanding of the patent profitability is helpful to the formulation of innovation policies and firm management. In this study, The patents whose maintenance time was about 20 years were defined as profitable patents. Based on the big data analysis of the granted patents from the five top patent offices in the 1990s, the patent subject profitability of different countries was compared. From the perspective of profit time, the patent subject profitability of China was similar to that of Japan and Europe. The patent subjects of the United States had the highest level of profitability, while the South Korea’s had the worst. It should not be considered that China’s patent subject profitability is much lower than other developed countries or regions. But there is still large place to improve.
Fine-grained outsourced data deletion in cloud storage
Authors: Yang Zhanpeng , Feng Qiaobin , Jiang Jinglan , Chen Qiyu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Due to the separation of outsourced data management and ownership, user loses the direct control over outsourced data. Therefore, the cloud executes all of the acts (e.g., data erasure) over outsourced data. However, the dishonest cloud may keep the data maliciously. To solve this problem, a new solution is proposed in this paper, which is able to reach fine-grained data erasure. In our protocol, if some outsourced data blocks are no longer needed, the user is able to remove them flexibly, while the useful data blocks remain in the cloud. After that, the user could check the erasure outcome efficiently. If the cloud remains the data blocks dishonestly, the user can fine the data reservation. Meanwhile, we provide the scheme analysis, which is able to show the security and practicality of our scheme.
Design of air quality detection system based on bluetooth communication
Authors: Ling Qidong , Wang Gang , Wang Ming 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to grasp the specific air quality information of the environment timely and accurately, air quality detection system was designed, which was based on the Arduino platform. This System can easily detect common atmospheric pollutants such as PM2.5, formaldehyde, CO, etc. At the same time, the data was uploaded to the mobile terminal via Bluetooth communication, and then stored in the SQLite database. It provided reliable data for later analysis of environmental conditions. When the measured data exceeded the safety threshold, a warning signal was sent to the alarm reminding module to remind the user. Experiments showed that the mean square error of the predicted value of the system was low, and accurate air pollution data can be detected in indoor and outdoor environments.
Estimating the mortality burden attributable to temperature and PM2.5 from the perspective of atmospheric flow
Authors: Han Ling , Sun Zhaobin , He Juan , Zhang Bihui , Lv Mengyao , Zhang Xiaoling , Zheng Canjun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The flow of the Earth’s atmosphere not only largely determines its temperature status, but also profoundly affects aerosol concentrations. Therefore, exploring how to evaluate the synthetical effects of temperature and aerosol pollution on human health is an important topic. Regarding the atmosphere as a whole, we quantified the mortality burden attributable to short-term exposure to abnormal temperatures and PM2.5 in Beijing from the perspective of atmospheric flow. We first divided the atmospheric stability into three levels (including disturbed, normal, and stable conditions) according to the variations in meteorological conditions and PM2.5 concentrations across the stable weather index levels. We then applied a generalized additive model to separately evaluate the short-term effects of temperature and PM2.5 on mortality under each level of atmospheric stability. We further estimate the associated mortality burden using two indicators, namely attributable fraction and attributable number of deaths. Abnormal temperatures were responsible for most of the mortality burden. Cold temperatures accounted for a substantially higher mortality burden than hot temperatures. The synthetical mortality effects of temperature and PM2.5 varied for different atmospheric stabilities. A stable atmosphere poses the strongest synthetical effects of temperature and PM2.5, while a normal atmosphere provides comparatively beneficial conditions for human health. Our results indicated that the synthetical health impacts of temperature and PM2.5 driven by atmospheric flow need to be considered in the further promulgation of public health policies and air pollution abatement strategies, particularly in the context of climate change.