bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impedimetric DNA Sensor Based on Poly(proflavine) for Determination of Anthracycline Drugs
Authors: Porfireva Anna V. , Goida Anastasia I. , Rogov Alexey M. , Evtugyn Gennady A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractElectropolymerization is often used as a tool for immobilization of charged biopolymers and their electric wiring in the biosensor assembly. In this work, electropolymerization of proflavine has been for the first time used for the physical adsorption of DNA and measurement of anthracycline drugs (doxorubicin and daunorubicin) able to intercalate DNA. Redox properties of the proflavine polymers on the glassy carbon electrode and DNA deposition were characterized with cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was shown that DNA decreased the peak currents on voltammogram but increased the charge transfer resistance. The latter effect is pronounced with the following drug application. The impedimetric response regularly increased with the drugs concentration in the range 1 nM to 0.1 μM for doxorubicin and 1 pM–10 nM for daunorubicin (limit of detections 0.3 and 0.001 nM, respectively). The biosensor was tested on pharmaceutical preparations and spiked solution simulating the plasma electrolytes and possible interference of serum proteins.
Investigation of wind speed effect on different mounted PV systems using satellite data
Authors: Arslanoglu Nurullah , Yigit Abdulvahap , Eker Buket S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRenewable energy utilization has been increasing at the same rate of the increasing the consumption of energy in all countries. The best use of the available energy and the search for different energy sources have been an important field of study all around the world after highly increasing of energy demand. Hence, today, generating energy from solar cells also called photovoltaics (PV) has become essential field of renewable energy. This energy source is also one of the fastest growing technology, converting direct sunlight to electricity. In this article, optimum tilt angles were examined by changing monthly, seasonal, and annually, which were obtained from PV panels installed in Bursa city of Turkey. It was found that the solar radiation increased by 22.21% for monthly, 21.17% for seasonal, and 16.44% for yearly. So, it was necessary to vary the tilt angle of the PV panels at least seasonal (four times a year). In addition, the cooling effect of the wind on the cell temperatures, electrical energy generation, and energy efficiency of the different mounted PV panels with the optimum tilt angle on a monthly basis was theoretically examined. Consequently, the wind cooling was shown to be very effective on cell temperatures and energy efficiency under wind cooling effect was more than 4.8% during a year. Another finding of this study was that the energy efficiency and generated electrical energies of free standing PV panels were higher than sloped‐roof PV panels.
Surface properties and microstructures of ceramic glaze made from reservoir sediment
Authors: Chiou Ing‐Jia , Chen Ching‐Ho , Chang Kao‐Yang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe 96 reservoirs in Taiwan have a total reservoir capacity of 2.862 billion cubic meters, and a deposition rate of 28.95%. Although the reservoir sediment has similar main constituents to traditional Taiwanese glaze, it cannot independently replace Taiwanese glaze. The reservoir sediment is used as the main raw material to improve the settleability and viscosity of the reservoir sediment glaze by adjusting the proportions of raw materials, adding adhesion aid (Taiwan red clay), and the suspending agent (bentonite). The surface characteristics of the glaze are improved by finding the optimum soaking time. The recycled glass powder is blended to reduce the firing temperature of the reservoir sludge glaze. Experimental results indicate that red clay and bentonite enhance the consistency of reservoir sediment glaze paste, while sodium silicate and American fairy water reduce it. Prolonging the soaking time improves the glaze thickness. The roughness of the reservoir sediment glaze is reduced after firing, and the firing temperature is negatively correlated with the roughness of reservoir sediment glaze. The glass powder (5–10%) can reduce the firing temperature of reservoir sediment glaze by 100–150°C, but does not decrease the roughness. Therefore, this investigation recommends the optimum liquid–solid ratio (L/S) of reservoir sediment glaze paste as 1.7–1.8, the optimum blending ratio of red clay as 10–15%, the optimum blending ratio of bentonite as 5%, and the soaking time as 8 s.
Repeat stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma and seizure recurrence
Authors: Shirozu Hiroshi , Masuda Hiroshi , Kameyama Shigeki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of repeat stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation (re‐SRT) for patients with hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) and to clarify clinical and surgical factors for seizure outcomes.MethodsHypothalamic hamartoma patients with gelastic seizures (GSs) who underwent SRT were retrospectively reviewed. Seizure outcomes were evaluated separately for GS and other types of seizures (non‐GS). Surgical complications were compared between re‐SRT and first SRT. Clinical and surgical factors related to both seizure recurrences after first SRT and final seizure outcomes were analyzed.ResultsParticipants comprised 150 patients (92 males; median age at surgery, 8 years; range, 1.7‐50 years). Of those, 122 (81.3%) had non‐GS. Forty‐three patients (28.7%) underwent re‐SRT. Freedom from GS was achieved by first SRT in 103 patients (68.7%), second SRT in 30/40 (67.5%), third SRT in 3/10 (30.0%), and fourth SRT in 2/3 (66.7%). Finally, 135 patients (90.0%) became GS‐free. Ninety patients (73.8%) achieved non‐GS freedom, with first SRT in all except one case. Transient complications were more frequent with first SRT (118/150, 78.7%) than re‐SRT (35/56, 62.5%), whereas persistent complications were more frequent with re‐SRT (7/56, 12.5%) than with first SRT (3/150, 2.0%). Multivariate analyses revealed only younger age at surgery (≤1 year) as related to GS recurrence after first SRT, with no variables affecting final GS outcomes. Meanwhile, seizure type (tonic seizure), intellectual disability, and genetic syndromes were significant factors for both non‐GS recurrence and final outcomes. Multiple previous treatments were significantly related to final non‐GS outcomes as well. Size and subtype of HH and surgical factors were unrelated to seizure outcomes.SignificanceRepeat stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation provides potential opportunities to achieve freedom from recurrent GS, albeit with increased risks of persistent complications. Non‐GS and intellectual disability could offer early surgical indications, and repeated ineffective treatments should be avoided.
Centrifuge modelling of structures with oil dampers under seismic loading
Authors: Boksmati Jad I. , Madabhushi Gopal S.P. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryExperimental research into the seismic performance of buildings with passive oil dampers has so far been restricted to large‐scale testing of frames erected on laboratory shaking tables that ignore the foundation soil below. This simplification of the problem falls short of replicating dynamic soil‐structure interaction that would occur in the field. This paper presents the first experimental attempt at utilising high gravity dynamic centrifuge testing to replicate the response of a damped building at a reduced model scale. The paper compares the dynamic response of two similar two‐degree‐of‐freedom model sway frames, one control (bare) frame and one frame equipped with miniature oil dampers, both structures founded on shallow raft foundations in dry dense sand. The miniature oil dampers successfully mitigate floor accelerations, drifts, and storey shear forces in the damped frame with minor modification to the frame stiffness. For strong, near resonance motions, global rocking of the undamped frame associated with physical uplifting of the foundation from the soil surface and subsequent yielding of sand beneath has led to floor acceleration levels, which are comparable to those obtained in the damped building fitted with miniature oil dampers. Assessment of the instrumentation installed on the miniature oil dampers reveals a viscoelastic damper behaviour with a dependency on stroke magnitude and on velocity.
Improvements to a smooth particle hydrodynamics simulator for investigating submarine landslide generated waves
Authors: Snelling Branwen E. , Collins Gareth S. , Piggott Matthew D. , Neethling Stephen J. 
Published: January 2020

SummarySubmarine landslides can exhibit complex rheologies, including a finite yield stress and shear thinning, yet are often simulated numerically using a Newtonian fluid rheology and simplistic boundary conditions. Here we present improvements made to a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulator to allow the accurate simulation of submarine landslide generated waves. The improvements include the addition of Bingham and Herschel‐Bulkley rheologies, which better simulate the behavior of submarine mudflows. The interaction between the base of the slide and the slope is represented more accurately through the use of a viscous stress boundary condition. This condition treats the interface between the seafloor and the slide as a fluid boundary layer with a user‐defined viscosity and length scale. Modifications to the pressure and density calculations are described that improve their stability for landslide generated wave scenarios. An option for pressure decomposition is introduced to prevent particle locking under high pressure. This facilitates the application of this simulator to landslide scenarios beneath significant water depths. Additional modifications to the reaveraging and renormalization routines improve the stability of the free surface and fluid density. We present the mathematical formulations of these improvements alongside commentary on their performance and applicability to landslide generated wave modeling. The modifications are verified against analytical fluid flow solutions and a wave generation experiment.
Short‐run wavelet‐based covariance regimes for applied portfolio management
Authors: Berger Theo , Gençay Ramazan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDecisions on ass et allocations are often determined by covariance estimates from historical market data. In this paper, we introduce a wavelet‐based portfolio algorithm, distinguishing between newly embedded news and long‐run information that has already been fully absorbed by the market. Exploiting the wavelet decomposition into short‐ and long‐run covariance regimes, we introduce an approach to focus on particular covariance components. Using generated data, we demonstrate that short‐run covariance regimes comprise the relevant information for periodical portfolio management. In an empirical application to US stocks and other international markets for weekly, monthly, quarterly, and yearly holding periods (and rebalancing), we present evidence that the application of wavelet‐based covariance estimates from short‐run information outperforms portfolio allocations that are based on covariance estimates from historical data.
Impact of international energy prices on China's industries
Authors: Wong Jin Boon , Zhang Qin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study examines how returns and volatility of future contracts for Brent crude oil (Brent), West Texas Intermediate crude oil (WTI), Henry Hub natural gas, and Newcastle thermal coal impacts industries in China. Using the firm‐level data of 3,750 stock listings across both Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges, segregated into 138 subindustries under the Global Industry Classification Standard, this study finds evidence that crude oil futures have the most significant influence. Further analysis suggests that stock returns of oil‐related companies are more closely align to Brent and WTI's futures returns following China's key oil pricing reform on March 27, 2013. Overall, Chinese industries are also more exposed to global crude oil futures volatility after this event.
Large‐scale mapping of anthropogenic relief features—legacies of past forest use in two historical charcoal production areas in Germany
Authors: Schneider A. , Bonhage A. , Raab A. , Hirsch F. , Raab T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWith the increasing availability of high‐resolution digital elevation models (DEMs), large‐scale mapping of anthropogenic relief features has become feasible for more areas. However, the landscape‐scale distribution patterns of anthropogenic landforms and the quality of DEM‐based mapping can be highly heterogeneous. In this study, we mapped relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) in two study regions with differing environmental backgrounds, covering forest areas of more than 15,000 km2, analyzed the RCH distributions and evaluated possibilities for predictive modeling of RCH occurrence with respect to natural and cultural landscape structures. More than 45,000 RCHs were recorded in each region, with high site densities even in areas remote from charcoal‐consuming industries. Variations in the quality of DEM‐based mapping were related to small‐scale differences in the DEM quality and larger‐scale substrate heterogeneity. A clear association between RCHs and historical industrial sites was found in the Northern European Lowland; while the density of mapped RCHs was predominantly related to geology and morphology in the lower mountain ranges. The results show that variations in mapping quality across scales and the natural and cultural background of a region need to be considered so that the mapping of anthropogenic relief features can contribute to an improved understanding of land‐use history.
Estimation and mitigation of greenhouse gases in typical paddy‐upland rotation systems in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China
Authors: Shi Yifan , Lou Yunsheng , Wang Ying , Zuo Huiting , Ojara Moses A. , Lukali Amina 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAgricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) has a significant effect on climate change. The ability to quantify agricultural GHG and implement practices to mitigate its emissions is of great significance. Optimal GHG mitigation practices in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China, have not been well documented. In this study, historical (2000–2014) and projected (2015–2049) methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from paddy‐upland crop rotations were simulated at a county scale using the denitrification–decomposition model. The results demonstrated (1) historical mean emissions of CH4, N2O, and global warming potential (GWP) were 158.6 kg‐C ha−1 year−1, 0.75 kg‐N ha−1 year−1, and 22.15 Tg CO2‐eq year−1 in the study area (1 Tg = 1012 g); (2) CH4 emission rates significantly increased, while there was no significant change in N2O under projected RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 climate scenarios, and RCP8.5 induced 10% more CH4 than RCP4.5; (3) marginal flooding coupled with reduced‐tillage practice was the optimal strategy to mitigate GHG emissions due to its lowest GWP. This study would provide insight into the agricultural GHG emissions, as well as the impact on climate change. Also, a theoretical basis for policymaking would be provided by this study. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical modeling of the effect of temperature on CO2 injectivity in deep saline formations
Authors: Sokama‐Neuyam Yen Adams , Adu‐Boahene Francis , Boakye Patrick , Aggrey Wilberforce Nkrumah , Ursin Jann Rune 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWell injectivity and storage capacity defines the storage potential of a CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) facility. Formation temperature has high impact on the phase behavior and flow properties of CO2 such as density and viscosity. The effect of temperature on CO2 injectivity, especially in the wellbore injection inlet, is not well understood. We investigated the thermal behavior of CO2 from the wellhead to the reservoir using simple theoretical models that capture the major heat transfer mechanisms. The effect of CO2 injection flow rate and injection time on the temperature of CO2 were studied. We found that for the same initial CO2 injection temperature and formation intake temperature, the injected CO2 in the well is cooler than the surrounding formation from the wellhead to the bottomhole. The temperature difference increased with increasing injection flow rate and injection time. The results show that although CO2 may attain supercritical state at bottomhole, the temperature difference between CO2 in the wellbore and the reservoir could be significant. The results also suggest that CO2 could attain thermal equilibrium with the reservoir at a flow distance of about 600 ft into the formation depending on the injection flow rate and reservoir temperature. The thermal disequilibrium of CO2 in the wellbore vicinity where fluxes are also high could affect CO2 injectivity and the mobility of CO2 during CCUS and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) operations. The present findings provide vital understanding of the effect of thermal instability on CO2 injectivity especially in the wellbore injection inlet. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of maternal sleep position on fetal and maternal heart rate patterns using overnight home fetal ECG recordings
Authors: Lucchini Maristella , Wapner Ronald J. , Chia‐Ling Nhan‐Chang , Torres Caroline , Yang Joel , Williams Ismee A. , Fifer William P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of maternal position on maternal and fetal heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy late gestation pregnancies using non‐invasive techniques during overnight studies.MethodsIn an observational study of women between 34 and 36 weeks of pregnancy conducted from September 1, 2013, to March 31, 2014, at Columbia University Medical Center, New York, US, maternal and fetal ECG recordings and position monitoring were undertaken through the night in the woman's own home. These data were used for time domain analyses of fetal and maternal heart rate and HRV.ResultsForty‐two women were recruited to the study which showed that maternal position affected maternal heart rate (MHR), with left side sleeping associated with lower heart rate (left vs right P=0.017, left vs supine P=0.027) and higher overall HRV (left vs right P=0.032). MHR showed significant overnight changes (P=0.032). No significant positional or overnight effects were observed in fetal heart rate patterns.ConclusionThis study uniquely incorporated analyses on maternal and fetal physiology and extended the knowledge of effects of maternal overnight sleep position on MHR in the natural sleep environment.
Suppressing the metastatic properties of the breast cancer cells using STAT3 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides: A promising approach for eradication of cancer cells by differentiation therapy
Authors: Rahmati Mohammad , Johari Behrooz , Kadivar Mehdi , Rismani Elham , Mortazavi Yousef 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDue to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), breast cancer often relapsed after conventional therapies. Strategies that induce differentiation of CSCs will be helpful in eradication of tumor cells, so we designed an oligodeoxynucleotide (ODNs) for targeting of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) transcription factor which is involved in stemness, and constitutively activated in triple‐negative breast cancer. Molecular docking and electrophoretic mobility shift assay analysis showed that decoy ODN bound specifically to the DNA binding site of STAT3 protein. The prevalent uptake of Cy3‐labeled ODNs is in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of MDA‐MB‐231 treated cells. STAT3 decoy ODNs treatment showed cell growth inhibition by decreasing cell viability (17%), increasing the percentage of arrested cells in G0/G1 phases (18%), and triggering apoptosis (29%). Migration and invasion potential decreased from 10.77 to 6.76 µm/hr, by wound closure rate, and migrated/invaded percentage by 26.4% and 15.4% in the transwell assays, respectively. CD44 protein expression level on the cell surface also decreased, while CD24 increased. Mammosphere formation efficiency reduced in terms of tumorsphere size by 47%, while the required time increased. Cells morphology was changed, and lipid droplets were accumulated in the cytoplasm compared to the control and scrambled groups, in all assays (repeated triplicate). Furthermore, the gene expression of all downstream targets significantly decreased owing to suppressing the STAT3 transcription factor. Overall, the results confirmed the antitumor effects of STAT3 decoy in MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Thus, it seems that STAT3 decoy ODNs might be considered as an auxiliary tool for breast cancer eradicating by the differentiation therapy approach.
Biomarkers of sarcopenia in very old patients with hip fracture
Authors: Sánchez‐Castellano Carmen , Martín‐Aragón Sagrario , Bermejo‐Bescós Paloma , Vaquero‐Pinto Nieves , Miret‐Corchado Carmen , Merello de Miguel Ana , Cruz‐Jentoft Alfonso José 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundHip fracture is both a cause and a consequence of sarcopenia. Older persons with sarcopenia have an increased risk of falling, and the prevalence of sarcopenia may be increased in those who suffer a hip fracture. The aim of this study was to explore potential biomarkers (neuromuscular and peripheral pro‐inflammatory and oxidative stress markers) that may be associated with sarcopenia in very old persons with hip fracture.MethodsWe recruited 150 consecutive patients ≥80 years old admitted to an orthogeriatric unit for an osteoporotic hip fracture. Muscle mass was assessed pre‐operatively using bioelectrical impedance analysis; Janssen's (J) and Masanés' (M) reference cut‐off points were used to define low muscle mass. Muscle strength was assessed with handgrip strength (Jamar's dynamometer). Sarcopenia was defined by having both low muscle mass and strength and using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 definition of probable sarcopenia (low grip strength). Peripheral markers—pro‐inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters—were determined either in the plasma or in the erythrocyte fraction obtained from peripheral whole blood of every patient pre‐operatively.ResultsMean age was 87.6 ± 4.9 years, and 78.7% were women. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 11.5% with Janssen's, 34.9% with Masanés' cut‐offs, and 93.3% with the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 definition of probable sarcopenia. Among the four pro‐inflammatory cytokines tested in plasma, only tumour necrosis factor‐α was different (lower) in sarcopenic than in non‐sarcopenic participants using both muscle mass cut‐offs (J 7.9 ± 6.2 vs. 8.3 ± 5.8, M 6.8 ± 4.7 vs. 9.1 ± 6.2). Erythrocyte glutathione system showed a non‐significant tendency to lower glutathione levels and glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratios in sarcopenic participants compared with non‐sarcopenic subjects. Catalase activity was also lower in sarcopenic participants (J 2904 ± 1429 vs. 3329 ± 1483, M 3037 ± 1430 vs. 3431 ± 1498). No significant differences were found between groups in chymotrypsin‐like activity of the 20S proteasome, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and butyrylcholinesterase activity, C‐terminal agrin fragment, interferon‐γ, or interleukin‐1β.ConclusionsThe prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with hip fracture varies according to the definition and the muscle mass reference cut‐off points used. We did not find differences in most neuromuscular, pro‐inflammatory, or oxidative stress markers, except for lower peripheral tumour necrosis factor‐α levels and catalase activity in sarcopenic participants, which may be markers of an early inflammatory reaction that is hampered in sarcopenic patients.