bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The paradoxes of the theory of imprévision in the new French law of contract: a judicial deterrent?
Authors: Pédamon Catherine 
Published: December 2019

Catherine Pédamon (Westminster Law School, University of Westminster) re-examines the theory and practice of hardship, frustration and impracticality in commercial contracts, in light of the new legal provision (Art 1195 CC) of the rewritten Civil code (CC) that now enshrines the theory of imprévision (unforeseeability) in French law.
Index keywords: France, Civil code, contract law, imprévision
Reseña / La sistematización de experiencias, práctica y teoría para otros mundos posibles
Authors: Angeloni Marcos Exequiel 
Published: December 2019

La sistematización de experiencias, práctica y teoría para otros mundos posibles, del educador popular y sociólogo Oscar Jara Holliday, presenta algunas nociones, fundamentos y ejemplos con respecto a cómo compartir de forma sistemática los aprendizajes generados en experiencias del campo de la educación popular y, a la vez, reflexiona crítica y teóricamente sobre las prácticas que dieron origen a los mismos.
The regulatory effects of the number of VP(N-vinylpyrrolidone) function groups on macrostructure and photochromic properties of polyoxometalates/copolymer hybrid films
Authors: Liu Zong-lai , Yue Tong-tong , Sun Wen-tian , Zhang Feng-jun , Feng Wei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Nanocomposite films were synthesized by introducing phosphotungstic acid (PWA) into the poly (vinylpyrrolidone and methyl acrylate) (P (VP(N-vinylpyrrolidone)coMA(methyl acrylate))). FT-IR curves illustrated that non-covalent bond interaction was built between PWA particles and organic matrixes. In combination the results of SEM, TG-DTA and DSC, it was conducted that the ratio of functional groups of VP had a critical effect on the surface morphology, thermal stability of the hybrid films. Irradiated with ultraviolet light, the transparent thin hybrid films change from colorless to blue. Stored in air, the hybrid films could recover colorless gradually. The analysis of kinetics told us that higher VP content within the different systems always accompanied more superior photochromic performance, faster coloring and fading speed. Appearance of W5+ in ESR spectra indicated that the photo-reduction process between PWA and copolymer matrix occurred.
Effect of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin on the mechanical strength and hydrophobic properties of molded fiber materials
Authors: Zhao Yinling , Xiao Shengling , Yue Jinquan , Zheng Dingyuan , Cai Liping 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this study, poplar chemi-mechanical pulp was used as a raw material to investigate the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL) content on the tensile strength and hydrophobicity of molded fiber materials (MFMs). The tensile strength and hydrophobic properties of the fabricated MFMs with different EHL contents were evaluated, and changes in their microstructure, chemical structure, and thermal stability were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, respectively. Results show that under the experimental conditions used herein, the addition of EHL could increase the tensile strength and surface water contact angle of MFMs up to 20.3 MPa and 95.0°, respectively. The SEM observations indicate that the addition of EHL expanded the contact area between the EHL and fibers, thereby reducing the holes between fibers. The FTIR and TG analyses indicated that hot-pressing degraded EHL to form small molecular substances and improved the reaction with aldehydes produced via carbohydrate degradation, improving both the inter-fiber bonding strength and hydrophobicity of the MFM surface.
Monitoring fungus infestation of common beech wood using terahertz radiation
Authors: Krügener Kirsti , Ornik Jan , Jachim Roksana , Kietz Bettina , Petersen Karin , Mittleman Daniel M. , Koch Martin , Viöl Wolfgang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Wood is one of the most widely used materials for construction projects, in the furniture industry, as well as in the field of cultural property of valuable objects. Terahertz (THz) radiation has great potential for non-contact and non-destructive analysis of wooden materials. This article reports a study of the degree of growth of Trametes versicolor in wood samples, using THz radiation. The analysis compares the THz results to microscopic examinations of the samples, common beech incubated with T. versicolor, at different growth times. The results indicate a strong correlation between the parameters extracted from THz measurements and the progress of the fungal infestation, suggesting that THz imaging may be a valuable tool for non-contact inspection of wood.
Modeling of Non-Newtonian Flow in an Inverted Cone Foam Breaker
Authors: St-Pierre-Lemieux Gabriel , Askari Mahvelati Ehsan , Groleau Denis , Proulx Pierre 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Foam formation is a widespread phenomenon and often a serious problem in fermentation processes. Inverted cones used as mechanical foam breakers are rotating devices that pump the fluid up and pulverize it at the edge. The shearing and centrifugal actions of such geometries can help to control foaming. In this study, a model was developed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), based on the non-Newtonian properties of foam, to describe and explain the action of inverted cones as foam breakers.
Aspect semantics and ESL article use
Authors: Bulatovic Vesna 
Published: December 2019

AbstractESL learners often show great variation in article use. This study proposes that article use can be improved if the semantic feature (non)boundedness is introduced into ELT. This study argues that articles carry highly relevant information that is crucial, together with a number of other elements, for the signalling of aspectual values in English. It is argued that the signalling of aspectual values is the primary role of articles and that if ESL learners receive instruction on this role, they may learn how to signal aspectual values correctly, but also improve their article use thanks to a greater awareness of articles. The paper reports on an experiment conducted to test ESL learners’ response to such instruction and concludes that incorporating (non)boundedness into ESL instruction is both reasonable and necessary.
On certain applications of gradient nanochemomechanics: deformation and fracture of LIB and SGS
Authors: Tsagrakis Ioannis , Konstantopoulos Iason , Sidiropoulos Alexandros , Aifantis Elias C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe term gradient nano-chemo-mechanics was introduced to encompass models incorporating higher order couplings between deformation and chemistry at the nanoscale. Along these lines, the article first reviews the basics of a robust theoretical framework developed for such processes focusing on elasticity and diffusion. The classical laws for Hookean deformation and Fickean transport are modified to include extra Laplacian terms and corresponding internal lengths modeling nonlocal interactions. Then, special cases are considered to describe deformation and fracture aspects of new energy materials; namely Li-ion battery (LIB) nanostructured anodes and disclinated metallic microcrystals (DMC). Both of these material systems are characterized by a high degree of spatial gradient structures (SGS) with extended surface for energy storage and catalysis applications.
Design and characterization of concrete masonry parts and structural concrete using repurposed plastics as aggregate
Authors: González-Montijo Miguel A. , Soto-Toro Hildélix , Rivera-Pérez Cristian , Esteves-Klomsingh Silvia , Suárez Oscar Marcelo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHistorically known for being one of the major pollutants in the world, the construction industry, always in constant advancement and development, is currently evolving towards more environmentally friendly technologies and methods. Scientists and engineers seek to develop and implement green alternatives to conventional construction materials. One of these alternatives is to introduce an abundant, hard to recycle, material that could serve as a partial aggregate replacement in masonry bricks or even in a more conventional concrete mixture. The present work studied the use of 3 different types of repurposed plastics with different constitutions and particle size distribution. Accordingly, several brick and concrete mix designs were developed to determine the practicality of using these plastics as partial aggregate replacements. After establishing proper working material ratios for each brick and concrete mix, compression tests as well as tensile tests for the concrete mixes helped determine the structural capacity of both applications. Presented results proved that structural strength can indeed be reached in a masonry unit, using up to a 43% in volume of plastic. Furthermore, a workable structural strength for concrete can be achieved at fourteen days of curing, using up to a 50% aggregate replacement. A straightforward cost assessment for brick production was produced as well as various empirical observations and recommendations concerning the feasibility of each repurposed plastic type examined.
Nutrition and medical support during pregnancy and lactation in women with inborn errors of intermediary metabolism disorders (IEMDs)
Authors: Manta-Vogli Penelope D. , Schulpis Kleopatra H. , Dotsikas Yannis , Loukas Yannis L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe establishment of expanded newborn screening (NBS) not only results in the early diagnosis and treatment of neonates with inborn errors of intermediary metabolism disorders (IEMDs) but also helps the affected females to reach the reproductive age under medical and dietetic support, as well as to give birth to normal infants. In this review, we aimed to focus on laboratory investigation tests, dietetic management and medical support for most known IEMD pregnant and lactating women, such as those suffering from aminoacidopathies, carbohydrate metabolic diseases and fatty acid (FAO) oxidation disorders.
Measurement of Residual Stresses of Locomotive Wheel Treads During the Manufacturing Technological Cycle
Authors: Muravev Vitaly V. , Muraveva Olga V. , Volkova Ludmila V. , Sága Milan , Ságová Zuzana 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The production of two-wheeled rolling stock represents, at first glance, a simple assembly process that significantly affects the overall functionality and safety of the vehicle. This is due to residual stresses that arise after assembly by pressing the wheel on the axle. The state of stress after assembly remains in the design has a decisive influence on the load-bearing capacity of the two-wheel drive, its lifespan but also the transfer of the pulling force in the case of locomotives. Therefore, it is very important to find suitable methods for determining residual stresses. Numerical and experimental approaches are already in place to gain information on the state of stress after compression, or during a real operation. The developed techniques and tools for estimation of residual stresses in locomotive wheel treads based on the acoustoelasticity effect using electromagnetic acoustic transformation are described in the paper. The original results of residual stress measurement in the treads during a technological cycle of locomotive wheel pair manufacturing are presented.
Expert Technology for Risk Management in the Implementation of QRM in a High-Tech Industrial Enterprise
Authors: Akatov Nikolay , Mingaleva Zhanna , Klačková Ivana , Galieva Gulnara , Shaidurova Nataliy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In modern conditions, management technology is becoming the main instrument of competition in many areas of production and business. The article focuses on the examinations of issues related to the possibilities of introducing an integrated risk management system in modern high-tech enterprises. The main scientific research methods are bibliographic analysis, formal logic methods, comparative analysis, methods of analogies. Based on the application of the guidelines of systems’ theory, of the theory of self-organization, the theory of risk management, and the theory of reflexive control the expert technology for risk management in a high-tech industrial enterprise was developed. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the use of technologies such as the ETRM will help to increase the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing complex projects such as fast-response QRM production.
The crystal structure of dichlorido-(tris(2-benzimidazolylmethyl)amine-κ4
N,N′,N′′,N′′′)chromium(III) chloride — methanol (1/3), CrC27H33Cl3N7O3
Authors: Li Ji , Wu Siqi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
CrC27H33Cl3N7O3, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.7862(13) Å, b = 12.4690(17) Å, c = 12.8413(17), α = 84.163(2)°, β = 73.602(3)°, γ = 85.524(2)°, V = 1493.4(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0472, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1524, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of diethyl 6,12-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-2,10-dimethoxy-3,9-diphenyl-3,9-diazatetracyclo[6.4.0.02,7.04,11]dodecane-1,5-dicarboxylate, C42H42F2N2O6
Authors: Guo Yu-Kun , Chen Shi-Jun , Zhang Meng-Meng , Lan Han-Yang , Wang Yu-Cai , Zhong Qi-Di 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
C42H42F2N2O6, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 20.159(3) Å, b = 8.3357(10) Å, c = 21.372(3) Å, β = 103.130(3)°, V = 3497.4(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0414, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1083, T = 113(2) K.
Crystal structure of 6-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-methoxy-2H-pyran-2-one, C12H9FO3
Authors: Obi Grace , Zamisa Sizwe J. , Heerden Fanie R. van 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
C12H9FO3, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.1983(6) Å, b = 7.3732(6) Å, c = 9.6439(8) Å, α = 81.489(5)°, β = 88.634(4)°, γ = 71.065(4)°, V = 478.66(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F
2) = 0.0362, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1015, T = 100(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3-(2-(5-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(4-methylphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one, C28H20FN3O2S
Authors: Alotibi Mohammed F. , Abdel-Wahab Bakr F. , Yousif Emad , Hegazy Amany S. , Kariuki Benson M. , El-Hiti Gamal A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
C28H20FN3O2S, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.1325(7) Å, b = 11.5184(9) Å, c = 11.6535(9) Å, α = 74.682(7)°, β = 84.253(6)°, γ = 76.720(6)°, V = 1149.68(15) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0574, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1438, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 6-iodo-3-phenyl-2-propylquinazolin-4(3H)-one, C17H15IN2O
Authors: El-Azab Adel S. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Abdel-Aziz Alaa A.-M. , Alkahtani Hamad M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
C17H15IN2O, monoclinic, C2 (no. 5), a = 23.6958(12) Å, b = 5.5334(2) Å, c = 15.9712(9) Å, β = 132.329(3)°, V = 1548.16(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.046, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.093, T = 296(2) K.
Synthesis of nano zirconium oxide and its application in dentistry
Authors: Hu Cheng , Sun Jianxun , Long Cheng , Wu Lina , Zhou Changchun , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) is the general material in dental area, with natural color, high toughness and strength. Recent years, small blocks of ZrO2 such as micro/nano powders have been studied and developed widely. Nano scale ZrO2, which show simproved mechanical characteristics and superior biocompatibility, are usually incorporated into different applications used in dentistry and tissue engineering. This review provides an overview of nano-ZrO2 materials and its applications in dentistry. The synthesis of nano-ZrO2 powders were mainly prepared by coprecipitation, hydrothermal method and sol-gel method. Then different applications of nano-ZrO2 biomaterials in dental ceramics, implants, radio pacifying agents, basement and tissue engineering fields were briefly introduced.
Beyond Corruption? Romania’s Future after the EU Presidency
Authors: Gatejel Luminita , Grama Adrian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Between January and June 2019 Romania managed the rotating presidency of the European Union, the first of a trio to be followed by Finland and Croatia. This commentary takes stock of Romania’s trajectory over the last few years and offers a broad overview of the country’s economy and politics. Where does Romania stand today, more than a decade since it joined the European Union? In the first part, the authors sketch the recent evolution of Romania’s economy which has been marked by high growth but overall modest increases in wages, and tight labour markets. In the second part they turn to politics, in particular to the realignment of the political spectrum following the European elections of May 2019. They conclude by pointing out some of the problems that are likely to confront both Bucharest and Brussels in the near future.
Die Finanzsituation von Studierenden unter verschiedenen Institutionen der Studienfinanzierung – ein internationaler Vergleich
Authors: Gwosć Christoph 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Market, state, and the family of students are important sources of student funding. An empirical analysis for 25 countries in the European Higher Education Area reveals that in 80 % of countries, there is a pattern according to which students who depend on self-financing through the market reach the highest level of total monthly income. Their fellow students, who financially depend on their families, have a median income level and students who are mainly funded by the state have the lowest revenue. The significant differences in revenue between the three groups of students also involve financial problems of varying degrees.
Kartellrecht und Datenschutzrecht – zugleich ein Beitrag zur 10. GWB-Novelle und zum Facebook-Verfahren
Authors: Bueren Eckart 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Kartellrechtsfälle im Spannungsfeld zwischen Datenschutzrecht und Kartellrecht führen bereits einige Jahrzehnte zurück, bedingt durch die Digitalisierung hat dieser Bereich in jüngerer Zeit aber viel Aufmerksamkeit erhalten. Die folgende Darstellung untersucht das – mal harmonische, mal dissonante – Zusammenspiel beider Rechtsgebiete systematisch mit einer tour d’horizon durch die verschiedenen Bereiche des Kartellrechts. Dabei werden die Implikationen des Referentenentwurfs zur 10. GWB-Novelle ebenso gewürdigt wie die besonders umstrittene Fallgruppe des Missbrauchsverbots mit dem Facebook-Verfahren des Bundeskartellamts. Zugleich geht der Beitrag darauf ein, wie Datenschutzrecht und Kartellrecht bei der Auslegung aufeinander abgestimmt werden können.
Kartellzivilrechtliche Musterfeststellungsklagen
Authors: Hoffmann Jochen , Horn Simon 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Einführung der Musterfeststellungsklage in den §§ 606 ff. ZPO eröffnet auch im Kartellschadensersatzrecht neue Möglichkeiten des kollektiven Rechtsschutzes. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie sich die Musterfeststellungsklage konkret nutzen lässt, um zentrale Fragen und Anspruchsvoraussetzungen von Kartellschadensersatzansprüchen einheitlich feststellen zu lassen.
Vertikale Zusammenschlüsse in der deutschen Fusionskontrolle
Authors: Bischke Alf-Henrik 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob es Unterschiede zwischen der deutschen Entscheidungspraxis und dem konzeptionellen Ansatz der Europäischen Kommission zur Beurteilung vertikaler Zusammenschlüsse gibt. Er befasst sich insbesondere mit den Entscheidungen des Bundeskartellamts in den Fällen CTS Eventim/Four Artists, Remondis/DSD und RWE/E.ON. In diesen Fällen hat sich die Behörde intensiver mit der Frage befasst, wie vertikale Zusammenschlüsse nach deutschem Fusionskontrollrecht zu beurteilen sind. Auch das OLG Düsseldorf hatte über den Fall CTS Eventim/Four Artists zu entscheiden. Bundeskartellamt und Gericht mussten sich u. a. mit der Frage befassen, welche Bedeutung der 2012 ins deutsche Recht eingeführte SIEC-Test bei der Beurteilung vertikaler Zusammenschlüsse hat.
Kartellrechtliche Internal Investigations im Spiegel der instanz- und verfassungsgerichtlichen Praxis – Schutzlücken und Reformbedarf
Authors: Uwer Dirk , von Schreitter Florian 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Angesichts der weiterhin sehr hohen Bußgelder im europäischen und deutschen Kartellrecht ist die Vermeidung von Rechtsverstößen in diesem Bereich (Compliance) von größter Bedeutung für jedes Unternehmen. Internal Investigations, also unternehmensinterne Untersuchungen mit anwaltlicher Unterstützung, sind ein Kernstück solcher Bemühungen. Zur effizienten Durchführung von Internal Investigations und der damit bezweckten umfassenden Aufklärung zur (Weiter-)Entwicklung von Compliancemaßnahmen sowie Verteidigungs- oder Kooperationsstrategien gegenüber den Kartellbehörden bedarf es jedoch eines geschützten Bereichs, innerhalb dessen die Kommunikation zwischen Mandant und Anwalt nicht durch staatliche Ermittlungsmaßnahmen beeinträchtigt wird. Jüngere Gerichtsverfahren, insbesondere die Jones-Day-Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichts, haben jedoch erneut deutlich gemacht, dass die deutschrechtlichen Standards für das „Anwaltsprivileg“ insgesamt lückenhaft sind – das Kartellrecht bildet hier keine Ausnahme. Vor diesem Hintergrund beschreibt der Beitrag die Rahmenbedingungen des deutschen Rechts, führt durch die wichtigsten Gerichtsverfahren der letzten Jahre und analysiert die Situation „nach Jones Day“. Ergänzt wird dies durch praktische Überlegungen zu den für Ermittler bestehenden Spielräumen, den wichtigsten Herausforderungen für Mandanten und Anwälte sowie mögliche Wege zur Erhöhung des Schutzniveaus für die Korrespondenz zwischen Mandant und Anwalt. Ein kurzer Ausblick auf bevorstehende Änderungen des Rechtsrahmens im Zusammenhang mit Internal Investigations beschließt die Darstellung.
Okul Öncesi Dönemde Duygu Anlamanın Sosyal Yetkinlik ve Davranış Üzerindeki Yordayıcı Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KILIÇ Şükran , AĞAOĞLU Firdevs 
Published: December 2019

Bu
araştırmanın amacı okul öncesi dönemde çocukların duygu anlama becerisinin sosyal
yetkinlik, içselleştirilmiş ve dışsallaştırılmış davranışlar üzerindeki
yordayıcı etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya, İstanbul iline bağlı Üsküdar
ilçesindeki okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarına devam eden 42 erkek ve 53 kız çocuk olmak üzere toplam 95 çocuk katılmıştır.
Araştırmada Duygu Anlama Testi ve Sosyal Yetkinlik ve Davranış Değerlendirme
Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi çok değişkenli çoklu regresyon
analizi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen regresyon katsayılarının anlamlılığına
ilişkin t-testi sonuçları incelendiğinde; çocukların duygu anlama becerisinin
sosyal yetkinlik ve davranış değerlendirme ölçeğinde yer alan işbirliği
ve anlaşmazlıklara çözüm yolları aramak gibi olumlu özellikleri ölçen sosyal yetkinlik alt ölçeğini anlamlı olarak
yordadığı anlaşılmıştır. Duygu anlama becerisinin Sosyal Yetkinlik ve Davranış Değerlendirme
Ölçeğinin kızgınlık-saldırganlık ve anksiyete-içedönüklük alt ölçeklerini ise
yordamadığı belirlenmiştir.