bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of suckling intensity of primiparous sows on production performance during current and subsequent parities1
Authors: Guo Ji Yao , Sun Yawang , DeDecker Ashley E , Coffey Max Terry , Kim Sung Woo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of suckling intensity (litter size and lactation length) to primiparious sows on production performance during current and subsequent parities. Upon farrowing, 115 primiparous sows (farrowing weight: 222.7 ± 20.0 kg) were initially allotted to 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 litter sizes: 10 and 13 piglets (LS10 vs. LS13), and 2 lactation lengths: 21 and 27 d (LL21 vs. LL27). Upon weaning, sows were rebred and those farrowed successfully (n = 66) kept 10 piglets and weaned at 21 d in the second parity. Sows were fed ad libitum during lactation in both parities. Feed intake, BW loss, backfat loss, litter size, and litter weight gain during lactation in both parities were determined. Litter weight gain in LS13 was greater (P &lt; 0.05) than that in LS10 (54.4 vs. 47.7 kg) during the first lactation. Sows in LS13 had a greater (P &lt; 0.05) BW loss than sows in LS10 (24.1 vs. 17.4 kg). Body weight loss was not different between LL27 and LL21. Sows in LS13 tended to have a greater (P = 0.075) removal rate than those in LS10 (47.5 vs. 32.2%). Sows in LL27 had a smaller (P &lt; 0.05) removal rate than those in LL21 (28.0 vs. 51.7%). In the second parity, gestation BW gain in LL27 tended to be greater (P = 0.098) than that in LL21 when the previous litter size was 10 piglets (56.1 vs. 33.2 kg). Litter performance and feed intake of sows were not affected by previous litter size, lactation length, and their interaction. The farrowing weight, farrowing body protein and lipid, body weight loss was not different between LS13 and LS10, whereas backfat loss in LS13 was smaller (P &lt; 0.05) than that in LS10 during the second lactation (0.9 vs. 2.4 mm). The predicted body lipid loss in LS13 was also smaller than that in LS10 (2.3 vs. 5.3 kg) during the second lactation. Sows in LL27 had a smaller (P &lt; 0.05) BW loss and body lipid loss during the second lactation than sows in LL21 (4.0 vs. 9.0 kg; 2.3 vs. 4.8 kg). The concentration of milk fat in LL27 was smaller (P &lt; 0.05) than that in LL21 (7.9 vs. 9.1%). In conclusion, increasing suckling intensity to primiparous sows increased litter weight gain but increasing litter size reduced piglet ADG. Sow performance in the second lactation was not negatively affected by increasing suckling intensity of the first lactation. Interestingly, sows with an increased suckling intensity in the first lactation had reduced loss of body reserves in the second lactation.
Evaluation of different inclusion levels of dry live yeast impacts on various rumen parameters and in situ digestibilities of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber in growing and finishing beef cattle
Authors: Cagle Caitlyn M , Batista Luiz Fernando D , Anderson Robin C , Fonseca Mozart A , Cravey Matt D , Julien Christine , Tedeschi Luis O 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of supplementing dry live yeast (LY; Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on in vitro gas production (IVGP) fermentation dynamics, pH, and CH4 concentration at 48 h, and in situ rumen parameters and digestibility of DM (DMD) and NDF (NDFD) of growing cattle during 3 feeding phases: grower (GRW) for 17 d (38% steamed-flaked corn; SFC), transition (TRANS) for 15 d (55.5% SFC: 1.2 Mcal/kg NEg), and finisher (FIN) for 13 d (73% SFC: 1.23 Mcal/kg NEg). Twenty British-crossbred, ruminally cannulated steers (183 kg ± 44 kg) 6 mo of age were blocked by weight into 5 pens containing Calan gate feeders and received a control (CON) diet (17.2% CP, 35.8% NDF, 86.7% DM) without LY on days −12 to 0. After that, animals were randomly assigned to treatments (TRT), 5 animals per TRT: CON or LY at inclusion rates of 5 g/d (LY1), 10 g/d (LY2), or 15 g/d (LY3) top dressed every morning at 0800 for 45 d. The DMD and NDFD were assessed during 7 separate collection days using in situ nylon bags containing 5 g of GRW, TRANS, or FIN diets, incubated at 1200 for 48 h. Protozoa counts (PC) were determined during 5 collection periods. Data were analyzed as a repeated measure within a randomized complete block design, assuming a random effect of the pen. For GRW, TRT altered the total gas production of the nonfiber carbohydrate (NFC; P = 0.045) and the fractional rate of degradation (kd) of the fiber carbohydrate (FC) pool (P = 0.001) in a cubic pattern (P ≤ 0.05): LY2 had the most gas production and fastest kd. TRT also influenced DMD (P = 0.035) and NDFD (P = 0.012) with LY2 providing the greatest digestibility. For TRANS, TRT tended to affect the NFC kd (P = 0.078) and influenced pH (P = 0.04) and DMD (P &lt; 0.001) in which LY2 yielded the fastest kd, highest pH, and greatest DMD. For FIN, there was an effect of TRT on total gas production (P &lt; 0.001) and kd (P = 0.004) of the NFC pool, FC kd (P = 0.012), in vitro CH4 concentration (P &lt; 0.001), PC (P &lt; 0.001), DMD (P = 0.039), and NDFD (P = 0.008). LY1 had the highest PC and provided the greatest DMD and NDFD. LY2 had the fastest kd of both the NFC and FC pools and had the least CH4 concentration. LY3 had the greatest NFC gas production. No specific dose–response pattern was observed, but 10 g/d provided the most beneficial result for all diets. We concluded that supplementation with LY affected IVGP as well as ruminal parameters and digestibilities.
Penile reconstruction using scrotal flap after usage of monopolar electrocautery in a 2-month-old Syrian child: a case report
Authors: Assaf Ragheb , Albahhah Tamim , Ayoub Kusay , Al-janzir Zaher , Tarzi Mario , Rahmeh Ahmad Rami , Al-Hadid Ibrahim 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCircumcision is regarded as one of the most common procedures in pediatrics. We present a case of a newborn, who has undergone circumcision using monopolar electrocautery. He admitted to the hospital with glans necrosis and was treated with antibiotics and surgical debridement. Four months later, phalloplasty was performed for the newborn using scrotal flap. The result is satisfactory, and the penis is esthetically acceptable with effective urination. Our case suggests the use of scrotal flap for penile reconstruction due to feasibility of procedure and anatomic privilege. It would also support usage of bipolar electrocautery for circumcision to avoid possible unwanted complications of monopolar electrocautery.
Using machine learning to study the kinematics of cold gas in galaxies
Authors: Dawson James M , Davis Timothy A , Gomez Edward L , Schock Justus , Zabel Nikki , Williams Thomas G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Next generation interferometers, such as the Square Kilometre Array, are set to obtain vast quantities of information about the kinematics of cold gas in galaxies. Given the volume of data produced by such facilities astronomers will need fast, reliable, tools to informatively filter and classify incoming data in real time. In this paper, we use machine learning techniques with a hydrodynamical simulation training set to predict the kinematic behaviour of cold gas in galaxies and test these models on both simulated and real interferometric data. Using the power of a convolutional autoencoder we embed kinematic features, unattainable by the human eye or standard tools, into a three-dimensional space and discriminate between disturbed and regularly rotating cold gas structures. Our simple binary classifier predicts the circularity of noiseless, simulated, galaxies with a recall of $85\%$ and performs as expected on observational CO and HI velocity maps, with a heuristic accuracy of $95\%$. The model output exhibits predictable behaviour when varying the level of noise added to the input data and we are able to explain the roles of all dimensions of our mapped space. Our models also allow fast predictions of input galaxies’ position angles with a 1σ uncertainty range of ±17○ to ±23○ (for galaxies with inclinations of 82.5○ to 32.5○, respectively), which may be useful for initial parameterisation in kinematic modelling samplers. Machine learning models, such as the one outlined in this paper, may be adapted for SKA science usage in the near future.
The Coupled Kinematics of Scapulothoracic Upward Rotation
Authors: Lawrence Rebekah L , Braman Jonathan P , Keefe Daniel F , Ludewig Paula M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Scapulothoracic upward rotation (UR) is an important shoulder complex motion allowing for a larger functional work space and improved glenohumeral muscle function. However, the kinematic mechanisms producing scapulothoracic UR remain unclear, limiting the understanding of normal and abnormal shoulder movements.

Objective
The objective of this study was to identify the coupling relationships through which sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joint motions contribute to scapulothoracic UR.

Design
This was a cross-sectional observational study.

Methods
Sixty participants were enrolled in this study; 30 had current shoulder pain, and 30 had no history of shoulder symptoms. Shoulder complex kinematics were quantified using single-plane fluoroscopy and 2D/3D shape matching and were described as finite helical displacements for 30-degree phases of humerothoracic elevation (30 degrees–60 degrees, 60 degrees–90 degrees, and 90 degrees–120 degrees). A coupling function was derived to estimate scapulothoracic UR from its component motions of acromioclavicular UR, sternoclavicular posterior rotation, and sternoclavicular elevation as a function of acromioclavicular internal rotation. The proportional contributions of each of the component motions were also calculated and compared between phases of humerothoracic elevation and groups.

Results
Scapulothoracic UR displacement could be effectively predicted using the derived coupling function. During the 30- to 60-degree humerothoracic elevation phase, acromioclavicular UR accounted for 84.2% of scapulothoracic UR, whereas sternoclavicular posterior rotation and elevation each accounted for &lt; 10%. During later phases, acromioclavicular UR and sternoclavicular posterior rotation each accounted for 32% to 42%, whereas sternoclavicular elevation accounted for &lt; 11%.

Limitations
Error due to the tracking of sternoclavicular posterior rotation may have resulted in an underprediction of its proportional contribution and an overprediction of the proportional contribution of acromioclavicular UR.

Conclusions
Acromioclavicular UR and sternoclavicular posterior rotation are the predominant component motions of scapulothoracic UR. More research is needed to investigate how these coupling relationships are affected by muscle function and influenced by scapular dyskinesis.
Resource environment and hierarchy in universities
Authors: Lind Jonas K 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article investigates the influence of changes in the research funding environment on hierarchy in Danish universities. The article concludes that the claims made by some scholars in the field—that external funding of research and the introduction of ‘strong’ research evaluation systems have penetrated or weakened hierarchy in universities—need to be moderated. In some ways, the developments in the resource environment, in tandem with the implementation of a management reform in Danish universities, have worked to underpin hierarchy in universities.
Integrating Neuropsychology Services in a Multidisciplinary Concussion Clinic
Authors: Baker John G. , Willer Barry S. , Leddy John J. 
Published: November 2019

Objective:To describe the integration of neuropsychology services in a multidisciplinary concussion clinic and provide descriptive information on patients, services, and initial health status.Setting:A university-based outpatient sports medicine concussion clinic.Participants:A consecutive sample of 338 patients ages 8 to 84 years (median 23.5 years, 35% 13-18 years), 49.1% male, seen between 2014 and 2018. Patients' injuries included sports 42%, work 28.4%, and vehicular 12.1% and 48.5% were students.Design:Descriptive statistics with group comparisons.Main Measures:12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) T scores (mean = 50, SD = 10) referenced to US population.Results:Half of the patients were seen within 24 days of their injury and showed reduced physical functioning (40.2) and average mental (emotional) functioning (48.8). Patients seen after 24 days showed even more reduced physical functioning (33.9) and reduced mental functioning (41.0), bothP< .0001. Average treatment time was also longer, 88.1 (173.9) versus 186.8 (211.1) days,P< .0001. Two-thirds of patients were referred for cervical or vestibular physical therapy at their initial visit.Conclusion:Early referral for specialized care, including neuropsychology services, may be beneficial.
Addition of Occupational Therapy to an Interdisciplinary Concussion Clinic Improves Identification of Functional Impairments
Authors: Harris Madison B. , Rafeedie Samia , McArthur David , Babikian Talin , Snyder Aliyah , Polster Douglas , Giza Christopher C. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Concussions, or mild traumatic brain injuries, are prevalent among youth and young adults. These injuries may disrupt a person's daily activities (occupations) including school, physical activity, work, and socialization. Rehabilitation professionals, such as occupational therapists (OTs), are experts in providing individualized intervention to address these temporary life changes during recovery.

Objective:
This article aims to identify the benefit of having an occupational therapy practitioner on an interdisciplinary treatment team when providing intervention to patients with concussion.

Setting:
Concussion clinic at an academic institution.

Participants:
Participants ages 12 to 24 years with a reported history of mild traumatic brain injury or concussion were evaluated by a physician, or by a physician and OT, in an initial evaluation appointment.

Design:
A single researcher (OT) with training in concussion qualitatively compared reported impacted occupational domains as defined in the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework, using both a retrospective and a prospective cohort. The prospective group differed from the retrospective group in that an OT was present, and participated in the initial evaluation.

Results:
The domains of performance patterns (P = .007) and performance skills (P ≤ .001) were identified significantly more often when an occupational therapy practitioner participated in the initial evaluation.

Conclusions:
Rehabilitation professionals, such as OTs, play an important role in identifying impacted domains after a concussion, which can help optimize patient care.
Precepting nurse practitioner students in the graduate nurse education demonstration: A cross-sectional analysis of the preceptor experience
Authors: Todd Barbara A. , Brom Heather , Blunt Elizabeth , Dillon Patricia , Doherty Caroline , Drayton-Brooks Shirlee , Hung Irene , Montgomery Kymberlee , Peoples Lynda , Powell Mary , Vanacore Denise , Whalen Dara , Aiken Linda 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT

Background:
The Graduate Nurse Education (GNE) Demonstration seeks to increase the number of advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) in clinical practice. With the overall increase in APRN programs and, particularly, enrollment in nurse practitioner (NP) programs, there is growing competition among students to secure quality clinical precepting experiences.

Purpose:
This study describes NPs' and physicians' experiences with precepting APRN students within the Greater Philadelphia GNE Consortium.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey of 1,021 NP and physician preceptors who provided clinical practicum experiences for at least one of the nine Greater Philadelphia GNE Consortium schools.

Results:
Differences between NP and physician precepting experiences regarding the importance of various factors in their decisions to precept were explored. Both NP and physician preceptors provide clinical practicum experiences to APRN students because they enjoy doing so. However, they differ regarding what they find important in their decisions to precept such as having protected time to precept and educational opportunities.

Implications for practice:
As universities work to recruit quality preceptors, they should consider tailoring their approach based on the preceptor's clinical role. In addition, schools located within the same region should consider streamlining administrative processes to form sustaining and productive clinical partnerships.
The Prognostic Value of Early Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography Monitoring After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest*
Authors: Bourgoin Pierre , Barrault Victoire , Joram Nicolas , Leclair Visonneau Laurène , Toulgoat Fréderique , Anthoine Emmanuelle , Loron Gauthier , Chenouard Alexis 
Published: November 2019

Objectives:
To assess the ability of amplitude-integrated electroencephalography monitoring within 24 hours of the return of spontaneous circulation to prognosticate neurologic outcomes in children following cardiac arrest

Design:
Retrospective review of prospectively recorded data. An amplitude-integrated electroencephalography background score was calculated according to background activity during the first 24 hours after return of spontaneous circulation, a higher score correlating with more impaired background activity. The primary endpoint was the neurologic outcome as defined by the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category at PICU discharge (Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category 1–3: a good neurologic outcome; Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category 4–6: a poor neurologic outcome).

Setting:
A referral PICU.

Patients:
Thirty children with a median age of 10 months (2–38 mo) and a male/female sex ratio of 1.3 were included.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Eighteen patients were assigned to the favorable outcome group and 12 to the unfavorable outcome group. The median time between return of spontaneous circulation and amplitude-integrated electroencephalography initiation was 4 hours (3–9 hr). The amplitude-integrated electroencephalography score within 24 hours after return of spontaneous circulation was significantly higher in the children with poor outcomes compared with those with good outcomes (12 ± 4 vs 25 ± 8; p < 0.001). Background activity during amplitude-integrated electroencephalography monitoring was able to predict poor neurologic outcomes at PICU discharge, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.91 (95% CI, 0.81–1.00).

Conclusions:
Early amplitude-integrated electroencephalography monitoring may help predict poor neurologic outcomes in children within 24 hours following cardiac arrest.
Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Pilot Study
Authors: DIDONNA FABRIZIO , LANFREDI MARIANGELA , XODO ERICA , FERRARI CLARISSA , ROSSI ROBERTA , PEDRINI LAURA 
Published: November 2019

Background:Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the first-choice intervention for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); however, a notable proportion of patients either do not respond to treatment or relapse after CBT. Mindfulness-based treatment has been suggested as an alternative or complementary therapeutic strategy for OCD. However, only a few studies have focused on its application in clinical samples.Objective:To evaluate the impact of a new treatment, called “Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy for OCD.” It is an 11-session manualized group intervention that integrates elements of CBT, mindfulness, compassion-focused therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy.Methods:The program was delivered to 35 patients with a primary diagnosis of OCD.Results:Participants demonstrated good adherence to the intervention. There was a significant reduction in mean total score on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS-TS) (P<0.001; Cohend=−0.72). One third of the participants (n=13) showed at least a 25% reduction on the Y-BOCS-TS, and 40% of the sample (n=14) were assigned to a lower Y-BOCS severity category after treatment. Significant changes were also found in depression (P<0.001;d=−0.80), worry (P<0.001;d=−0.79), alexithymia (P<0.01;d=−0.41), dissociation (P<0.05;d=−0.46), and general psychopathology (P<0.001;d=−0.58). Repeated measures linear mixed models showed that OCD symptom reduction was associated with an increase in mindfulness skills, in particular on the acting with awareness (P=0.006), nonjudging (P=0.001), and nonreactivity (P=0.001) facets.Conclusions:Overall, these findings are promising and they suggest that randomized controlled studies be conducted to test the effectiveness of this new treatment program for this challenging and disabling mental disorder.
Borderline Personality Features in Inpatients with Bipolar Disorder: Impact on Course and Machine Learning Model Use to Predict Rapid Readmission
Authors: SALEM HAITHAM , RUIZ ANA , HERNANDEZ SARAH , WAHID KAREEM , CAO FEI , KARNES BRANDI , BEASLEY SARAH , SANCHES MARSAL , ASHTARI ELAHEH , PIGOTT TERESA 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Earlier research indicated that nearly 20% of patients diagnosed with either bipolar disorder (BD) or borderline personality disorder (BPD) also met criteria for the other diagnosis. Yet limited data are available concerning the potential impact of co-occurring BPD and/or BPD features on the course or outcome in patients with BD. Therefore, this study examined this comorbidity utilizing the standardized Borderline Personality Questionnaire (BPQ).

Methods:
This study involved 714 adult patients with a primary diagnosis of BD per DSM-IV criteria who were admitted to the psychiatric unit at an academic hospital in Houston, TX between July 2013 and July 2018. All patients completed the BPQ within 72 hours of admission. Statistical analysis was used to detect correlations between severity of BD, length of stay (LOS), and scores on the BPQ. A machine learning model was constructed to predict the parameters affecting patients’ readmission rates within 30 days.

Results:
Analysis revealed that the severity of certain BPD traits at baseline was associated with mood state and outcome measured by LOS. Inpatients with BD who were admitted during acute depressive episodes had significantly higher mean scores on 7 of the 9 BPQ subscales (P<0.05) compared with those admitted during acute manic episodes. Inpatients with BD with greater BPQ scores on 4 of the 9 BPQ subscales had significantly shorter LOS than those with lower BPQ scores (P<0.05). The machine learning model identified 6 variables as predictors for likelihood of 30-day readmission with a high sensitivity (83%), specificity (77%), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 86%.

Conclusions:
Although preliminary, these results suggest that inpatients with BD who have higher levels of BPD features were more likely to have depressive rather than manic symptoms, fewer psychotic symptoms, and a shorter LOS. Moreover, machine learning models may be particularly valuable in identifying patients with BD who are at the highest risk for adverse consequences including rapid readmission.