bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buprenorphine Medication for Opioid Use Disorder: A Study of Factors Associated With Postpartum Treatment Retention
Authors: Ray‐Griffith Shona , Tharp Emily , Coker Jessica L. , Catlin David , Knight Bettina , Stowe Zachary N. 
Published: July 2020

Background and ObjectivesThe factors associated with medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatment retention among pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD) are largely unknown. This study sought to characterize factors associated with postpartum treatment retention.MethodsA retrospective chart review from 2014 to 2017 was conducted among women with OUD in pregnancy treated with buprenorphine. Women were assigned to the treatment retention group if they attended an appointment within 10 to 14 weeks postpartum. Others were assigned to the dropout group. The groups were compared using bivariate analysis for sociodemographic variables, obstetrical and neonatal outcomes, clinical and subjective opioid withdrawal symptoms, buprenorphine dosage, urine drug toxicology (UDT) results, and other factors.ResultsA total of 64 pregnancies received treatment until delivery, and 47 (73.1%) were retained in treatment by 12 weeks postpartum. The treatment dropout group had lower buprenorphine doses at delivery, a higher percentage of benzodiazepine positive UDT, and number of UDT positive for benzodiazepine in the third trimester. Breastfeeding rates were higher in the treatment retention group.Discussion and ConclusionsFuture research of variables related to postpartum treatment retention is needed to provide guidelines regarding MOUD during the perinatal period and to optimize maternal and fetal well‐being.Scientific SignificanceThis study supports previous recommendations that aggressive treatment of withdrawal symptoms in pregnant women with OUD is needed to maximize treatment retention. This is the first study to find that breastfeeding was associated with postpartum treatment retention; while, increased use of benzodiazepines during pregnancy was associated with postpartum treatment dropout. (Am J Addict 2021;30:43–48)
Population growth, ageing and obesity do not sufficiently explain the increased utilization of total knee replacement in Australia
Authors: Trieu Jason , Dowsey Michelle M. , Schilling Chris , Spelman Tim , Choong Peter F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe utilization of total knee replacement (TKR) has increased significantly. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of changes in population demography (population growth, ageing and gender) and body mass indices (BMIs) on the additional volume of knee replacement surgery undertaken in Australia.MethodsUsing national data, we compared estimates based on changes in population demography and BMIs to the reported increase in TKR between 2007 and 2017. The costs of additional surgery were estimated using the National Hospital Cost Data Collection.ResultsAn additional 25 814 TKRs were performed in 2017 compared to 2007. Contributions from population growth, ageing and changing BMIs were 27.1%, 10.4%, and 6.3%–15.3%, respectively. Other drivers contributed between 47.2% and 56.2%, representing 12 176–14 506 TKRs at a financial cost of A$320.9 million to A$382.3 million per year in 2017.ConclusionThe volume of additional surgery being performed considerably exceeded estimates based on changing population demography and rising rates of obesity. The other drivers of additional TKR utilization will likely have significant implications for the health budget and warrant further investigation. This may involve an examination of the current indications for surgery and the cost‐effectiveness of TKR in various settings, reviewing patient expectations and preferences, and assessing the impact of policies which relate to the funding and provision of TKR.
Practical engagements in legal geography: Collaborative feminist approaches to immigration advocacy in Denmark
Authors: Jacobsen Malene H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, I examine how collaboration can yield new insights into inquiries of legal geography and transform the ways that legal work is carried out. Drawing on feminist methodologies, I put forward feminist legal collaboration – a method and praxis – through which legal geographers can address the everyday manifestations and contestations of power in relation to law and space, while at the same time build alliances with people whose (legal) rights are currently contested. I reflect on my experiences of doing everyday collaborative work with legal practitioners, activists, and forced migrants at community centres in Denmark. Through two empirical examples of legal collaboration, I show how collaboration offers insights into migration law and legal procedures that are impossible to gain from just reading the law. The process of collaborating can teach us about the politics in law and reveal political possibilities within these socio‐legal spaces. We might think of feminist legal collaboration as a method and praxis that takes place through direct engagement with the law and legal practices in order to co‐produce knowledge and radically reconfigure existing approaches to legal counselling. The feminist legal collaborative approach, which I put forward here, is not limited to research on the legal geographies of (forced) migration. Rather, I imagine that feminist legal collaboration can be used in relation to different legal issues, grounded in the local empirical context(s) and attending to the needs and injustices on the ground.
Effects of feeding mother liquor, by‐product of monosodium glutamate, on digestibility, energy and nitrogen balances, and rumen condition in Thai native bulls
Authors: Katsumata Sachi , Angthong Wannna , Narmsilee Ramphrai , Oishi Kazato , Hirooka Hiroyuki , Kumagai Hajime 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFour Thai native bulls were used to evaluate the availability of mother liquor (ML), by‐product of monosodium glutamate, as a replacement of soybean meal (SBM) consisting of 10% in concentrate. The SBM was replaced by the ML at 0% (C), 20% (T1), 40% (T2), and 60% (T3), and the experiment was a randomized block design experiment. The animals were fed concentrate and roughage (60:40, on a dry matter [DM] basis). There were no significant differences in the digestibility of DM, crude protein, ether extract, acid detergent fiber expressed exclusive of residual ash and non‐fibrous carbohydrate, and energy and nitrogen balances among the treatments. However, the digestibility of the neutral detergent fiber in T2 was lower than the other treatments (p < .05). The valeric acid of T2 was lower than those of C and T1 and the iso‐valeric acid of T3 was the lowest (p < .05), followed by those of T2, T1, and C at 4 hr post‐feeding. No significant differences were observed in the ruminal total VFA concentrations, pH, and NH3‐N among the treatments. These results suggested that SBM could be replaced by the ML up to 60% without adverse effects on nitrogen and energy balance, rumen conditions, and blood metabolites in Thai native bulls.
Maximum likelihood abundance estimation from capture‐recapture data when covariates are missing at random
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Yukun , Li Pengfei , Zhu Lin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn capture‐recapture experiments, individual covariates may be subject to missingness, especially when the number of captures is small. When the covariate information is missing at random, the inverse probability weighting method and the multiple imputation method are widely used to obtain point estimators of the abundance. These estimators are then used to construct Wald‐type confidence intervals. However, such intervals may have seriously inaccurate coverage probabilities. In this paper, we propose a maximum empirical likelihood (EL) estimation approach for the abundance in the presence of missing covariates. We show that the maximum EL estimator is asymptotically normal, and that the EL ratio statistic for the abundance has a chi‐square limiting distribution with one degree of freedom. Simulations indicate that the proposed estimator has a smaller mean square error than existing estimators, and the proposed EL ratio confidence interval usually has more accurate coverage probabilities than the existing Wald‐type confidence intervals. We illustrate the proposed method by analyzing data collected in Hong Kong for the yellow‐bellied prinia, a bird species.
Young people's decision making involvement and educational attainment
Authors: Nguyen Bich Diep 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIncreasing participation in family decision making is an integral part of adolescent development. This paper uses longitudinal data from four low and middle income countries—Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam—to assess the relationship between young people's involvement in schooling decision making and schooling outcomes. In the pooled sample, compared to young adults who indicate to have no say in educational choices at age 19, adolescents who make these decisions unilaterally or jointly with parents are on average 17%–23% more likely to drop out by age 22. The effects are, however, heterogenous across countries.
Cardiovascular fitness and executive functioning in primary school‐aged children
Authors: Meijer Anna , Königs Marsh , de Bruijn Anne G. M. , Visscher Chris , Bosker Roel J. , Hartman Esther , Oosterlaan Jaap 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrevious research in children has shown that higher cardiovascular fitness is related to better executive functioning. However, the available literature is hampered by methodological limitations. The present study investigates the relationship between cardiovascular fitness and executive functioning in a large sample of healthy children (N = 814). Cardiovascular fitness was assessed with estimated VO2Max from 20 m Shuttle Run Test performance. Executive functioning was assessed using a set of computerized neurocognitive tasks aimed at executive functions (working memory, motor inhibition, interference control) and lower‐level neurocognitive functions (information processing and attention). Dependent measures derived from the neurocognitive tests were subjected to principal component analysis. Mixed model analyses tested the relation between cardiovascular fitness and neurocognitive functioning components. Results showed that children with higher cardiovascular fitness performed better on the neurocognitive function components Information Processing and Control, Visuospatial Working Memory and Attention Efficiency. The following measures contained in these components contributed to the observed relations: information processing measures, visuospatial working memory, and speed of alerting attention. No relationship was found between cardiovascular fitness and the other components: Verbal Working Memory, Attention Accuracy, and Interference Control. The present study suggests that there is a relationship between cardiovascular fitness and a specific set of executive functions and lower level neurocognitive functions. These findings highlight the importance of cardiovascular fitness for the overall health of school‐aged children.
Epigenetic control of exercise adaptations in the equine athlete: Current evidence and future directions
Authors: Denham Joshua , McCluskey Michael , Denham Michele M. , Sellami Maha , Davie Allan J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHorses (Equus ferus caballus) have evolved over the past 300 years in response to man‐made selection for particular athletic traits. Some of the selected traits were selected based on the size and horses’ muscular power (eg Clydesdales), whereas other breeds were bred for peak running performance (eg Thoroughbred and Arabian). Although the physiological changes and some of the cellular adaptations responsible for athletic potential of horses have been identified, the molecular mechanisms are only just beginning to be comprehensively investigated. The purpose of this review was to outline and discuss the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the athletic performance and cardiorespiratory fitness in athletic breeds of horses. A brief review of the biology of epigenetics is provided, including discussion on DNA methylation, histone modifications and small RNAs, followed by a summary and critical review of the current work on the exercise‐induced epigenetic and transcriptional changes in horses. Important unanswered questions and currently unexplored areas that deserve attention are highlighted. Finally, a rationale for the analysis of epigenetic modifications in the context with exercise‐related traits and ailments associated with athletic breeds of horses is outlined in order to help guide future research.
The impact of prenatal counselling on mothers of surviving children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Bertaud Sophie , Lloyd David F. A. , Sharland Gurleen , Razavi Reza , Bluebond‐Langner Myra 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the role of antenatal counselling in how parents make treatment decisions following an antenatal diagnosis of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS).BackgroundAntenatal counselling is a critical part of patient management following a diagnosis of fetal congenital heart disease; however, there is a very limited evidence base examining how parents actually experience antenatal counselling and make decisions in this context.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with women who had received an antenatal diagnosis of HLHS. Interviews were digitally recorded, anonymised and transcribed verbatim. A thematic content analysis was performed using a constant comparative approach.ResultsEight mothers of surviving children with HLHS were interviewed. Eight key themes emerged including new perspectives on how women receive antenatal counselling and how it affects their decision making. Three themes in particular are new to the literature: (a) Mothers of children with HLHS reported feelings of intense guilt that arose in the antenatal period around potentially causing the condition in their child. (b) For this group of women, recollections of perceived pessimism during antenatal counselling had a lasting impact. (c) Despite support from partners or extended family, women nevertheless experienced a strong sense that antenatal decision making was largely a ‘maternal’ responsibility.ConclusionsWhen recounting their experiences of antenatal counselling, mothers of surviving children with HLHS offer new perspectives that can guide fetal cardiologists in how best to support their individual patients. Further research is needed to comprehensively understand the experience of prospective parents counselled for severe forms of fetal congenital heart disease.
Political culture and ducal authority in Aquitaine, c. 900–1040
Authors: McNair Fraser 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe development of ducal authority in tenth‐century Aquitaine was a major change in the region's political culture. The emergence of a regional, aristocratic polity was a shift from the Carolingian past, and historians have proffered several explanations for it. This article examines several models for the development of principalities: as the expressions, however compromised, of ethnic separatism; as the evolved forms of ninth‐century administrative structures; and as aristocratic power constellations no different from any other. It traces the history of Aquitaine from the first duke, William the Pious, in the early tenth century, to the Poitevin dukes of the mid‐eleventh century. The post‐Carolingian duchy of Aquitaine, it is argued, is best understood not as an ethnic or an institutional formative, but as the distinctive expression of a changing regional political culture.
Effects of nisin concentration on properties of gelatin film‐forming solutions and their films
Authors: Luciano Carla Giovana , Tessaro Larissa , Lourenço Rodrigo Vinicius , Bittante Ana Mônica Quinta Barbosa , Fernandes Andrezza Maria , Moraes Isabel Cristina Freitas , do Amaral Sobral Paulo José 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe addition of nisin into a gelatin matrix can change properties of the film. The aim of this work was to develop gelatin‐based films containing different nisin concentrations in order to study their influence on the film's antimicrobial and physical properties and their rheological properties as a film‐forming solution (FFS). The FFS was characterised by rheological assays, and the gelatin‐based active films were characterised and assessed by the effects of nisin concentrations on their various properties, including antimicrobial activity. Nisin's concentration affected not only its viscoelastic properties of FFS but also its film solubility in water, film surface roughness and light barrier. The addition of nisin also slightly modified the water contact angle and the mechanical properties of the gelatin films. Finally, the films demonstrated activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes at concentrations above 56 mg of nisin g−1 of gelatin.
Actual and perceived knowledge of research ethics guidelines in a sample of public health clinicians
Authors: Rouse Donna M. , Tynan Anna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe conduct of research by clinicians is vital to maintain evidence‐based practice and currency of clinician knowledge. However, the ability to conduct valid research is contingent on several factors including the knowledge of research ethics guidelines applicable within the researcher's location.AimsTo compare the actual and perceived knowledge of research ethics guidelines in a sample of healthcare clinicians in a public health service.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional design utilising an anonymous online survey.ResultsOf the 432 valid responses, 8% were totally well calibrated on perceived and actual knowledge. A further 9% were totally miscalibrated on all items. The remaining 83% of respondents were variously miscalibrated on 1–4 items. The majority of miscalibrated responses represented overconfidence.ConclusionsClinicians are not as knowledgeable as they think about research ethics. This has implications for help‐seeking behaviours within this population and highlights challenges for stakeholders in the provision of research support and education.
Clinical implications of elective replacement indicator setting changes in patients with dual‐chamber pacemaker devices
Authors: Phillips Kari A. , Ponamgi Shiva , Mundell Benjamin , Krushelnytskyy Mykhaylo , Li Zhuo , Rea Robert , Deshmukh Abhishek , McLeod Christopher , Espinosa Raul E. , Osborn Michael , Friedman Paul A. , Mulpuru Siva K. , Cha Yong‐Mei , Neutzling Lori B. , Munger Thomas , Kancharla Krishna , Asirvatham Samuel J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study sought to determine if single‐chamber operation and/or loss of rate response (RR) during elective replacement indicator (ERI) in patients with dual‐chamber pacemakers lead to increased symptom burden, healthcare utilization, and atrial fibrillation (AF).BackgroundDual‐chamber pacemakers often change from dual‐ to single‐chamber pacing mode and/or lose RR functionality at ERI to preserve battery. Single‐chamber pacing increases the incidence of heart failure, AF, and pacemaker syndrome suggesting these changes may be deleterious.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 700 patients was completed. Three comparisons were analyzed: Comparison 1: mode change and RR loss versus no change; Comparison 2: RR loss only versus no change; Comparison 3: mode change only versus no change (in patients with no RR programmed at baseline).ResultsIn Comparison 1, 121 (46%) patients with setting changes experienced symptoms (most often dyspnea and fatigue/exercise intolerance) versus 3 (4%) without setting changes (p < .0001). Similar results were noted in Comparisons 2 and 3 (p = .0016 and p = .0001, respectively). In Comparison 1, patients with setting change sought provider contact more than patients without setting changes (p = .0001). A significant difference was not noted in Comparison 2 or 3. Overall 14 (2%) patients were hospitalized, all of whom had setting changes.ConclusionsSetting changes at ERI including a change from dual‐ to single‐chamber pacing and/or loss of RR results in a significantly increased symptom burden and increased healthcare utilization.
Clinical utility of local impedance monitoring during pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Masuda Masaharu , Kanda Takashi , Kurata Naoya , Asai Mitsutoshi , Iida Osamu , Okamoto Shin , Ishihara Takayuki , Nanto Kiyonori , Tsujimura Takuya , Matsuda Yasuhiro , Hata Yosuke , Uematsu Hiroyuki , Mano Toshiaki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionLocal impedance (LI) at the tip of ablation catheter can be measured using a recently available technology. We aimed to explore target LI measurements at each radiofrequency application (RFA) for creating sufficient ablation lesions during pulmonary vein (PV) isolation.MethodsThis prospective study included 15 consecutive patients scheduled to undergo an initial ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Circumferential ablation around both ipsilateral PVs was performed using a 4‐mm irrigated ablation catheter with an LI sensor. Point‐by‐point ablation was used with a 4‐mm inter‐ablation‐point distance. Operators were blinded to LI measurements during the procedure. Creation of sufficient ablation lesions was assessed by the absence of a conduction gap.ResultsAfter first‐pass encircling PV antrum ablation, left atrium to PV conduction remained in 12 of 30 (40%) ipsilateral PVs. Mapping using the minibasket catheter identified 48 ablation points through which the propagation wave entered the PV. At ablation points with a gap, the LI drop during RFA was half that at points without a gap (12 ± 7 vs. 23 ± 12 Ω; p < .001). The generator impedance drop did not differ between ablation points with and without a gap (12 ± 7 vs. 14 ± 10  Ω; p = .10). An LI drop of 13.4 Ω predicted sufficient lesion formation without a gap with a sensitivity of 0.78, specificity of 0.75, and predictive accuracy of 0.75.ConclusionAn LI drop of 13.4 Ω at each RFA under the conditions of a 4‐mm inter‐ablation‐point distance and RFA duration ≥20 s may facilitate creation of sufficient lesions during PV isolation.
Hsp90 inhibition and co‐incubation with pertuzumab induce internalization and degradation of trastuzumab: Implications for use of T‐DM1
Authors: Skeie Marianne , Nikolaysen Filip , Chitano Ylenia , Stang Espen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe receptor tyrosine kinase HER2 is associated with a number of human malignancies and is an important therapeutic target. The antibody‐drug conjugate trastuzumab emtansine (T‐DM1; Kadcyla®) is recommended as a first‐line treatment for patients with HER2‐positive metastatic breast cancer. T‐DM1 combines the antibody‐induced effects of the anti‐HER2 antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin®) with the cytotoxic effect of the tubulin inhibitor mertansine (DM1). For DM1 to have effect, the T‐DM1‐HER2 complex has to be internalized and the trastuzumab part of T‐DM1 has to be degraded. HER2 is, however, considered endocytosis‐resistant. As a result of this, trastuzumab is only internalized to a highly limited extent, and if internalized, it is rapidly recycled. The exact reasons for the endocytosis resistance of HER2 are not clear, but it is stabilized by heat‐shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and Hsp90 inhibitors induce internalization and degradation of HER2. HER2 can also be internalized upon activation of protein kinase C, and contrary to trastuzumab alone, the combination of two or more anti‐HER2 antibodies can induce efficient internalization and degradation of HER2. With intention to find ways to improve the action of T‐DM1, we investigated how different ways of inducing HER2 internalization leads to degradation of trastuzumab. The results show that although both Hsp90 inhibition and activation of protein kinase C induce internalization of trastuzumab, only Hsp90 inhibition induces degradation. Furthermore, we find that antibody internalization and degradation are increased when trastuzumab is combined with the clinically approved anti‐HER2 antibody pertuzumab (Perjeta®).