bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gesundheits-Apps für Kinder und Jugendliche
Authors: Lampert Claudia , Scherenberg Viviane 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Apps scheinen angesichts der hohen Verbreitung von Smartphones gerade mit Blick auf jüngere Zielgruppen eine attraktive Möglichkeit für die Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung zu sein. Auf Basis vorliegender Studien sowie eigener Analysen gibt der Beitrag einen Überblick über dieses spezifische, aber noch wenig untersuchte Angebotssegment und dessen Potenziale für die Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung.
Krebs im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Authors: Spix Claudia , Kaatsch Peter , Grabow Desiree 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Krebs bei Kindern ist selten. Die 15-Jahresprognose ist mit 82% sehr gut. In Deutschland werden weitgehend alle Fälle am Deutschen Kinderkrebsregister erfasst, ca. 2100 Erkrankungen p.a. unter 18 Jahren. Häufige Diagnosen bei Kindern sind Leukämien, Lymphome und Hirntumore. Langzeitfolgen sind erkennbar an langfristig erhöhter Mortalität und einem erhöhten Risiko einer Folgekrebserkrankung. In der Kinderonkologie gibt es Bemühungen, eine systematische Langzeitnachsorge aufzubauen.
Maßnahmen der Nationalen Lenkungsgruppe Impfen (NaLI) zur Verbesserung der Impfquoten bei Kindern
Authors: Gottwald Eva , Milbradt Jens , Nennstiel Uta , Liebl Bernhard , Ludwig Maria-Sabine 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die Gesundheit von Kindern ist nicht nur eine individuelle, sondern auch eine gesamtgesellschaftliche Aufgabe, so bietet z.B. der Masern-Impfschutz des Kindes auch Schutz für die Gemeinschaft. Zur Förderung des Impfwesens wurde seit 2016 die Nationale Lenkungsgruppe Impfen (NaLI) etabliert, welche von Bund und Ländern getragen ist. Sie verfolgt u.a. durch vielfältige Maßnahmen die Ziele der Masern- und Rötelnelimination und der Verbesserung der Impfquoten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen.
Der Streit um die Targetsalden
Authors: Sinn Hans-Werner 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag ist eine Replik auf die in den Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik geäußerte Kritik von Martin Hellwig an den Arbeiten von Clemens Fuest und Hans-Werner Sinn zur Target-Problematik. Er ist zugleich eine Replik auf Isabel Schnabel, die sich Hellwigs Analyse angeschlossen und sie zusammen mit ihm dem Deutschen Bundestag vorgetragen hat. Sinn widerspricht den zentralen Sachaussagen dieser Autoren. Er erläutert, warum Target- und Bargeldsalden öffentliche Kredite messen; wie den nationalen Notenbanken die Möglichkeit gegeben wurde, die Kapitalmärkte zu unterbieten; wie die fiskalischen und geldpolitischen Kredithilfen zur Rettung Griechenlands addiert werden können; warum es in Deutschland 2012 und 2013 kein Binnengeld mehr gab; wie und in welchem Sinne die Bundesbank im Quantitative-easing-Programm gezwungen war, durch den Aufbau von Targetforderungen an der Umschuldung anderer Staaten mitzuwirken; warum die Targetforderungen der Bundesbank grundsätzlich werthaltig sind und richtig verbucht werden; wodurch eine effektive Verzinsung der Target- und Bargeldsalden im Eurosystem zustande kommt, wie der Zinssatz zu berechnen ist, und warum es bei der Verzinsung einen (derzeit negativen) Zinseszinseffekt gibt; wieso Target- und Bargeldsalden beim Austritt eines Landes ein Verlustrisiko und vorher ein Drohpotenzial für Verhandlungen über eine Transferunion darstellen; und warum trotz eines formellen Haftungsausschlusses der Kollaps des Staats- und Finanzsystems eines Eurolandes im Umfang der Target- und Bargeldverbindlichkeiten auf den Rest des Eurosystems durchschlagen würde.
Complexity as L2-difficulty: Implications for syntactic change
Authors: Walkden George , Breitbarth Anne 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecent work has cast doubt on the idea that all languages are equally complex; however, the notion of syntactic complexity remains underexplored. Taking complexity to equate to difficulty of acquisition for late L2 acquirers, we propose an operationalization of syntactic complexity in terms of uninterpretable features. Trudgill’s sociolinguistic typology predicts that sociohistorical situations involving substantial late L2 acquisition should be conducive to simplification, i.e. loss of such features. We sketch a programme for investigating this prediction. In particular, we suggest that the loss of bipartite negation in the history of Low German and other languages indicates that it may be on the right track.
Development in Adolescent Middle-Distance Athletes: A Study of Training Loadings, Physical Qualities, and Competition Performance
Authors: Jones Thomas W. , Shillabeer Barry C. , Ryu Joong Hyun , Cardinale Marco 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Jones, TW, Shillabeer, BC, Ryu, JH, and Cardinale, M. Development in adolescent middle-distance athletes: a study of training loadings, physical qualities, and competition performance. J Strength Cond Res 35(12S): S103–S110, 2021—The purpose of this study was to examine changes in running performance and physical qualities related to middle-distance performance over a training season. The study also examined relationships between training loading and changes in physical qualities as assessed by laboratory and field measures. Relationships between laboratory and field measures were also analyzed. This was a 9-month observational study of 10 highly trained adolescent middle-distance athletes. Training intensity distribution was similar over the observational period, whereas accumulated and mean distance and training time and accumulated load varied monthly. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) and large effect sizes (Cohen's d) (>0.80) were observed for improvements in: body mass (5.6%), 600-m (4.6%), 1,200-m (8.7%), and 1,800-m (6.1%) time trial performance, critical speed (7.1%), V̇o
2max (5.5%), running economy (10.1%), vertical stiffness (2.6%), reactive index (3.8%), and countermovement jump power output relative to body mass (7.9%). Improvements in 1,800 m TT performance were correlated with increases in V̇o
2max (r = 0.810, p = 0.015) and critical speed (r = 0.918, p = 0.001). Increases in V̇o
2max and critical speed were also correlated (r = 0.895, p = 0.003). Data presented here indicate that improvements in critical speed may be reflective of changes in aerobic capacity in adolescent middle-distance athletes.
Npas1+-Nkx2.1+Neurons Are an Integral Part of the Cortico-pallido-cortical Loop
Authors: Abecassis Zachary A. , Berceau Brianna L. , Win Phyo H. , García Daniela , Xenias Harry S. , Cui Qiaoling , Pamukcu Arin , Cherian Suraj , Hernández Vivian M. , Chon Uree , Lim Byung Kook , Kim Yongsoo , Justice Nicholas J. , Awatramani Raj , Hooks Bryan M. , Gerfen Charles R. , Boca Simina M. , Chan C. Savio 
Published: December 2019

Within the basal ganglia circuit, the external globus pallidus (GPe) is critically involved in motor control. Aside from Foxp2+neurons and ChAT+neurons that have been established as unique neuron types, there is little consensus on the classification of GPe neurons. Properties of the remaining neuron types are poorly defined. In this study, we leverage new mouse lines, viral tools, and molecular markers to better define GPe neuron subtypes. We found that Sox6 represents a novel, defining marker for GPe neuron subtypes. Lhx6+neurons that lack the expression of Sox6 were devoid of both parvalbumin and Npas1. This result confirms previous assertions of the existence of a unique Lhx6+population. Neurons that arise from the Dbx1+lineage were similarly abundant in the GPe and displayed a heterogeneous makeup. Importantly, tracing experiments revealed that Npas1+-Nkx2.1+neurons represent the principal noncholinergic, cortically-projecting neurons. In other words, they form the pallido-cortical arm of the cortico-pallido-cortical loop. Our data further show that pyramidal-tract neurons in the cortex collateralized within the GPe, forming a closed-loop system between the two brain structures. Overall, our findings reconcile some of the discrepancies that arose from differences in techniques or the reliance on preexisting tools. Although spatial distribution and electrophysiological properties of GPe neurons reaffirm the diversification of GPe subtypes, statistical analyses strongly support the notion that these neuron subtypes can be categorized under the two principal neuron classes: PV+neurons and Npas1+neurons.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe poor understanding of the neuronal composition in the external globus pallidus (GPe) undermines our ability to interrogate its precise behavioral and disease involvements. In this study, 12 different genetic crosses were used, hundreds of neurons were electrophysiologically characterized, and >100,000 neurons were histologically- and/or anatomically-profiled. Our current study further establishes the segregation of GPe neuron classes and illustrates the complexity of GPe neurons in adult mice. Our results support the idea that Npas1+–Nkx2.1+neurons are a distinct GPe neuron subclass. By providing a detailed analysis of the organization of the cortico-pallidal-cortical projection, our findings establish the cellular and circuit substrates that can be important for motor function and dysfunction.
Functional Connectivity between the Cerebellum and Somatosensory Areas Implements the Attenuation of Self-Generated Touch
Authors: Kilteni Konstantina , Ehrsson H. Henrik 
Published: December 2019

Since the early 1970s, numerous behavioral studies have shown that self-generated touch feels less intense and less ticklish than the same touch applied externally. Computational motor control theories have suggested that cerebellar internal models predict the somatosensory consequences of our movements and that these predictions attenuate the perception of the actual touch. Despite this influential theoretical framework, little is known about the neural basis of this predictive attenuation. This is due to the limited number of neuroimaging studies, the presence of conflicting results about the role and the location of cerebellar activity, and the lack of behavioral measures accompanying the neural findings. Here, we combined psychophysics with fMRI to detect the neural processes underlying somatosensory attenuation in male and female healthy human participants. Activity in bilateral secondary somatosensory areas was attenuated when the touch was presented during a self-generated movement (self-generated touch) than in the absence of movement (external touch). An additional attenuation effect was observed in the cerebellum that is ipsilateral to the passive limb receiving the touch. Importantly, we further found that the degree of functional connectivity between the ipsilateral cerebellum and the contralateral primary and bilateral secondary somatosensory areas was linearly and positively related to the degree of behaviorally assessed attenuation; that is, the more participants perceptually attenuated their self-generated touches, the stronger this corticocerebellar coupling. Collectively, these results suggest that the ipsilateral cerebellum is fundamental in predicting self-generated touch and that this structure implements somatosensory attenuation via its functional connectivity with somatosensory areas.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWhen we touch our hand with the other, the resulting sensation feels less intense than when another person or a machine touches our hand with the same intensity. Early computational motor control theories have proposed that the cerebellum predicts and cancels the sensory consequences of our movements; however, the neural correlates of this cancelation remain unknown. By means of fMRI, we show that the more participants attenuate the perception of their self-generated touch, the stronger the functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the somatosensory cortical areas. This provides conclusive evidence about the role of the cerebellum in predicting the sensory feedback of our movements and in attenuating the associated percepts via its connections to early somatosensory areas.
Genome Assembly and Analysis of the North American Mountain Goat (Oreamnos americanus) Reveals Species-Level Responses to Extreme Environments
Authors: Martchenko Daria , Chikhi Rayan , Shafer Aaron B A 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe North American mountain goat (Oreamnos americanus) is an iconic alpine species that faces stressors from climate change, industrial development, and recreational activities. This species’ phylogenetic position within the Caprinae lineage has not been resolved and their phylogeographic history is dynamic and controversial. Genomic data could be used to address these questions and provide valuable insights to conservation and management initiatives. We sequenced short-read genomic libraries constructed from a DNA sample of a 2.5-year-old female mountain goat at 80X coverage. We improved the short-read assembly by generating Chicago library data and scaffolding using the HiRise approach. The final assembly was 2,506 Mbp in length with an N50 of 66.6 Mbp, which is within the length range and in the upper quartile for N50 published ungulate genome assemblies. Comparative analysis identified 84 gene families unique to the mountain goat. The species demographic history in terms of effective population size generally mirrored climatic trends over the past one hundred thousand years and showed a sharp decline during the last glacial maximum. This genome assembly will provide a reference basis for future population and comparative genomic analyses.
De Novo Genome Assembly of Populus simonii Further Supports That Populus simonii and Populus trichocarpa Belong to Different Sections
Authors: Wu Hainan , Yao Dan , Chen Yuhua , Yang Wenguo , Zhao Wei , Gao Hua , Tong Chunfa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Populus simonii is an important tree in the genus Populus, widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and having a long cultivation history. Although this species has ecologically and economically important values, its genome sequence is currently not available, hindering the development of new varieties with wider adaptive and commercial traits. Here, we report a chromosome-level genome assembly of P. simonii using PacBio long-read sequencing data aided by Illumina paired-end reads and related genetic linkage maps. The assembly is 441.38 Mb in length and contain 686 contigs with a contig N50 of 1.94 Mb. With the linkage maps, 336 contigs were successfully anchored into 19 pseudochromosomes, accounting for 90.2% of the assembled genome size. Genomic integrity assessment showed that 1,347 (97.9%) of the 1,375 genes conserved among all embryophytes can be found in the P. simonii assembly. Genomic repeat analysis revealed that 41.47% of the P. simonii genome is composed of repetitive elements, of which 40.17% contained interspersed repeats. A total of 45,459 genes were predicted from the P. simonii genome sequence and 39,833 (87.6%) of the genes were annotated with one or more related functions. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that P. simonii and Populus trichocarpa should be placed in different sections, contrary to the previous classification according to morphology. The genome assembly not only provides an important genetic resource for the comparative and functional genomics of different Populus species, but also furnishes one of the closest reference sequences for identifying genomic variants in an F1 hybrid population derived by crossing P. simonii with other Populus species.
Reducing Albuterol Use in Children With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Dunn Michelle , Muthu Naveen , Burlingame Caroline C. , Gahman Anne M. , McCloskey Maureen , Tyler Lisa M. , Ware Eileen P. , Zorc Joseph J. 
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVES:
In 2014, the American Academy of Pediatrics published bronchiolitis guidelines recommending against the use of bronchodilators. For the winter of 2015 to 2016, we aimed to reduce the proportion of emergency department patients with bronchiolitis receiving albuterol from 43% (previous winter rate) to &lt;35% and from 18% (previous winter rate) to &lt;10% in the inpatient setting.

METHODS:
A team identified key drivers of albuterol use and potential interventions. We implemented changes to our pathway and the associated order set recommending against routine albuterol use and designed education to accompany the pathway changes. We monitored albuterol use through weekly automated data extraction and reported results back to clinicians. We measured admission rate, length of stay, and revisit rate as balancing measures for the intervention.

RESULTS:
The study period included 3834 emergency department visits and 1119 inpatient hospitalizations. In the emergency department, albuterol use in children with bronchiolitis declined from 43% to 20% and was &lt;3 SD control limits established in the previous year, meeting statistical thresholds for special cause variation. Inpatient albuterol use decreased from 18% to 11% of patients, also achieving special cause variation and approaching our goal. The changes in both departments were sustained through the entire bronchiolitis season, and admission rate, length of stay, and revisit rates remained unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS:
Using a multidisciplinary group that redesigned a clinical pathway and order sets for bronchiolitis, we substantially reduced albuterol use at a large children’s hospital without impacting other outcome measures.
Encontros Reflexivos Dialogais (ERD): um recurso metodológico possível nas ciências humanas e sociais
Authors: Morais Erivania Melo de 
Published: December 2019

Este trabalho tem como finalidade, discutir inicialmente os Encontros Reflexivos Dialogais - ERD[1] como recursos metodológicos possíveis nas ciências humanas e sociais. A sua constituição tem fundamentação nas concepções de grupos focais, a partir de Gatti (2012) e Babour (2009) e nos grupos reflexivos a partir de Formiga e Barbosa (2008), tendo como base epistêmica a abordagem multirreferencial, que permitiu o seu desenvolvimento a partir da bricolagem e de autorizar-se enquanto um processo criativo da pesquisa, levando em consideração as especificidades e complexidades da investigação científica. Assim para melhor sistematizar a compreensão do ERD, vamos apresenta-lo em dois momentos a saber: o primeiro “A ressignificação metodológica: grupos focais e reflexivos como ponto de partida” e em segundo “Os Encontros Reflexivos Dialogais como recurso metodológico nas ciências humanas e sociais”, dessa forma evidenciamos a relevância desse recurso como um caminho possível para a pesquisa social, que suscitam dois movimentos, primeiro de autorização dos participantes e segundo de apreender os seus sentidos e significados em relação a uma temática.[1] Recurso metodológico utilizado na nossa pesquisa de doutorado no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Sociais da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte/UFRN, que está em fase de desenvolvimento, mas que tem se mostrado como um potencial possível para a apreensão do sentidos e significados acerca de algo, sobre processos formativos, reflexivos e constituídos de modo coletivos a partir da imersão do campo de pesquisa.
Promovendo a saúde escolar: a experiência de Hong Kong na parceria saúde e educação
Authors: Vidigal Sonia Maria Pereira 
Published: December 2019

Lee A, Tsang C, Lee SH, et alA comprehensive “Healthy Schools Programme” to promote school health: the Hong Kong experience in joining the efforts of health and education sectorsJournal of Epidemiology & Community Health 2003;57:174-177.
Table of Contents & Editorial
Authors: McGonigal Kelly 
Published: December 2019

Can just any Yoga teacher work in a hospital, prison, recovery center, or psychiatric facility? Can a Yoga teacher without a healthcare license or specialized training be trusted to work with someone who is depressed, in treatment for cancer, or living with chronic pain?
Many people within the Yoga therapy community, not to mention outside the profession, think the answer to these questions is no. Not just any Yoga teacher is qualified to offer Yoga to people who are suffering in very specific ways.
VULNERABILIDADE E EMPATIA DE CUIDADORES/FAMILIARES DE PACIENTES HOSPITALIZADOS COMO SENTIMENTO REFLEXO À EQUIPE ASSISTENCIAL
Authors: Chesani Fabiola Hermes , Andrade Matheulli Guilherme Corrêa de , Kerkoski Edilaine 
Published: December 2019

Este estudo objetiva verificar se ocorre o sentimento de vulnerabilidade ou não e se o cuidador percebe empatia e apoio por parte da equipe assistencial. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e qualitativo. Os participantes foram os cuidadores/familiares de crianças e adolescentes internadas num hospital pediátrico da região do Vale do Itajaí. A técnica de coleta de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin. Participaram da pesquisa um total de 11 cuidadores/familiares, sendo todas do sexo feminino. Em relação ao parentesco, 09 eram mães, 01 irmã e 01 era tia. As três principais categorias de investigação que emergiram foram: motivação– melhora na Família, sentimentos dos cuidadores/familiares durante o processo de internação e sentimentos dos cuidadores/familiares durante a visita dos profissionais da saúde. O cotidiano do cuidador/familiar é caracterizado por processos que visam um objetivo único, que é a recuperação da saúde da criança e adolescente.
Fuzzy Data envelopment Analysis with SBM using α-level Fuzzy Approach
Authors: Dar Qaiser Farooq , Hyo Ahn Young , Dar Gulbadian Farooq , Bhat Shariq Ahmad , Tali Arif Muhammad , Bhat Yasir Hamid 
Published: December 2019

The applications of fuzzy analysis in data-oriented techniques are the challenging aspect in the field of applied operational research. The use of fuzzy set theoretic measure is explored here in the context of data envelopment analysis (DEA) where we are utilizing the fuzzy α-level approach in the three types of efficiency models. Namely, BCC models, SBM model and supper efficiency model in DEA. It was observed from the result that the fuzzy SBM model has good discrimination power over fuzzy BCC. On the other side, both the models fuzzy BCC and fuzzy SBM are not able to make the genuine ranking which is acceptable for all. So this weakness is overcome with the help of fuzzy super SBM model and all three models are applied to illustrate the types of decisions and solutions that are achievable when the data are vague and prior information is in imprecise.
In this paper, we are considering that our inputs and outputs are not known with absolute precision in DEA and here, we using Fuzzy-DEA models based on an α-level fuzzy approach to assessing fuzzy data.
Performance Analysis of Mixed Logit Models for Discrete Choice Models
Authors: Nugraha Jaka 
Published: December 2019

Mixed Logit modelÂ (MXL) is generated from Multinomial Logit model (MNL) for discrete, i.e. nominal, data. It eliminates its limitations particularly on estimating the correlation among responses. Â In the MNL, the probability equations are presented in the closed form and it is contrary with in the MXL. Consequently, the calculation of the probability value of each alternative get simpler in the MNL, meanwhile it needs the numerical methods for estimation in the MXL. Â In this study, we investigated the performance of maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) in the MXL and MNL into two cases, the low and high correlation circumstances among responses. The performance is measured based on differencing actual and estimation value. Â The simulation study and real cases show that the MXL model is more accurate than the MNL model. This model can estimates the correlation among response as well. The study concludes that the MXL model is suggested to be used if there is a high correlation among responses.Â