bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of a mixed siliciclastic‐carbonate deep‐marine system on an unstable margin: The Cretaceous of the Eastern Greater Caucasus, Azerbaijan
Authors: Cumberpatch Zoë A. , Soutter Euan L. , Kane Ian A. , Casson Max , Vincent Stephen J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMixed siliciclastic‐carbonate deep‐marine systems (mixed systems) are less documented in the geological record than pure siliciclastic systems. The similarities and differences between these systems are, therefore, poorly understood. A well‐exposed Late Cretaceous mixed system on the northern side of the Eastern Greater Caucasus, Azerbaijan, provides an opportunity to study the interaction between contemporaneous siliciclastic and carbonate deep‐marine deposition. Facies analysis reveals a Cenomanian–early Turonian siliciclastic submarine channel complex that abruptly transitions into a Mid Turonian–Maastrichtian mixed lobe‐dominated succession. The channels are entrenched in lows on the palaeo‐seafloor but are absent 10 km towards the west where an Early Cretaceous submarine landslide complex acted as a topographic barrier to deposition. By the Campanian, this topography was largely healed allowing extensive deposition of the mixed lobe‐dominated succession. Evidence for irregular bathymetry is recorded by opposing palaeoflow indicators and frequent submarine landslides. The overall sequence is interpreted to represent the abrupt transition from Cenomanian–early Turonian siliciclastic progradation to c. Mid Turonian retrogradation, followed by a gradual return to progradation in the Santonian–Maastrichtian. The siliciclastic systems periodically punctuate a more widely extensive calcareous system from the Mid Turonian onwards, resulting in a mixed deep‐marine system. Mixed lobes differ from their siliciclastic counterparts in that they contain both siliciclastic and calcareous depositional elements making determining distal and proximal environments challenging using conventional terminology and complicate palaeogeographic interpretations. Modulation and remobilisation also occur between the two contemporaneous systems making stacking patterns difficult to decipher. The results provide insight into the behaviour of multiple contemporaneous deep‐marine fans, an aspect that is challenging to decipher in non‐mixed systems. The study area is comparable in terms of facies, architectures and the presence of widespread instability to offshore The Gambia, NW Africa, and could form a suitable analogue for mixed deep‐marine systems observed elsewhere.
Burial dolomitization driven by modified seawater and basal aquifer‐sourced brines: Insights from the Middle and Upper Devonian of the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin
Authors: Stacey Jack , Hollis Cathy , Corlett Hilary , Koeshidayatullah Ardiansyah 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDolomitization in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin has been extensively researched, producing vast geochemical datasets. This provides a unique opportunity to assess the regional sources and flux of dolomitizing fluids on a larger scale than previous studies. A meta‐analysis was conducted on stable isotope, strontium isotope (87Sr/86Sr), fluid inclusion and lithium‐rich formation water data published over 30 years, with new petrographic, X‐ray diffraction, stable isotope and rare‐earth element (REE+Y) data. The Middle to Upper Devonian Swan Hills Formation, Leduc Formation and Wabamun Group contain replacement dolomite (RD) cross‐cut by stylolites, suggesting replacement dolomitization occurred during shallow burial. Stable isotope, REE+Y and 87Sr/86Sr data indicate RD formed from Devonian seawater, then recrystallized during burial. Apart from the Wabamun Group of the Peace River Arch (PRA), saddle dolomite cement (SDC) is more δ18O(PDB) depleted than RD, and cross‐cuts stylolites, suggesting precipitation during deep burial. SDC 87Sr/86Sr data indicate contributions from 87Sr‐rich basinal brines in the West Shale Basin (WSB) and PRA, and authigenic quartz/albite suggests basinal brines interacted with underlying clastic aquifers before ascending faults into carbonate strata. The absence of quartz/albite within dolomites of the East Shale Basin (ESB) suggests dolomitizing fluids only interacted with carbonate strata. We conclude that replacement dolomitization resulted from connate Devonian seawater circulating through aquifers and faults during shallow burial. SDC precipitated during deep burial from basinal brines sourced from basal carbonates (ESB) and clastic aquifers (WSB, PRA). Lithium‐rich formation waters suggest basinal brines originated as residual evapo‐concentrated Middle Devonian seawater that interacted with basal aquifers and ascended faults during the Antler and Laramide Orogenies. These results corroborate those of previous studies but are verified by new integrated analysis of multiple datasets. New insights emphasize the importance of basal aquifers and residual evapo‐concentrated seawater in dolomitization, which is potentially applicable to other regionally dolomitized basins.
Sustainable achievement efficiency of transport energy consumption based on indicator analysis
Authors: Jiang Jian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEnergy issue is one of the crucial problems in the corresponding research of sustainability because it is strongly related to the environmental dimension and economic dimension. For evaluating the transport sustainability level for sustainability for regions, the concept of sustainable achievement efficiency in transport energy consumption is initially suggested in this article. And then, on the quantitative analysis to calculate the transport energy achievement efficiency of the regions, the indicators that can represent the achievement of transport energy consumption are convincingly found out by indicator theory. Next, concentration is focused on the transport related indicators and proper indicators are picked up from the candidate indicators, which were the affecting factors to this issue. After that, using the selected indicators, we introduce the method of data envelopment analysis to do quantitative analysis, which helps to get the sustainable achievement efficiency of transport energy among cities all over the world. The analysis result shows the efficient regions and the inefficient regions respectively. Furthermore, the detailed efficiency value of each region is also laid out clearly. Consequently, the achievement efficiency in transport sector can be discussed quantitatively and further policy implications can be suggested for improvement for the inefficient regions to reach high level sustainability.
No evidence of modulation of indirect plant resistance of Brassica rapa plants by volatiles from soil‐borne fungi
Authors: Moisan Kay , Lucas‐Barbosa Dani , Villela Alexandre , Greenberg Liana O. , Cordovez Viviane , Raaijmakers Jos M. , Dicke Marcel 
Published: July 2020

Upon herbivory, plants emit specific herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that can attract natural enemies of the herbivore thus serving as indirect plant resistance. Not only insect herbivores, but microorganisms may also affect HIPV emission before or after plant colonisation, which in turn can affect behaviour of natural enemies of the herbivore. Yet, it remains elusive whether volatiles from microorganisms influence HIPV emission and indirect plant resistance.
In this study, we investigated whether exposure of Brassica rapa roots to volatiles from soil‐borne fungi influence HIPV emission and the recruitment of natural enemies of Pieris brassicae larvae.
Using a two‐compartment pot system, we performed greenhouse and common‐garden experiments, and we profiled plant HIPV emission.
We found that exposure of plant roots to fungal volatiles did not affect the number of P. brassicae larvae recollected from the plants, suggesting a neutral effect of the fungal volatiles on natural predation. Likewise, in a greenhouse, similar numbers of larvae were parasitised by Cotesia glomerata wasps on control plants as on fungal volatile‐exposed plants. Additionally, chemical analysis of HIPV profiles revealed no qualitative and quantitative differences between control plants and fungal volatile‐exposed plants that were both infested with P. brassicae larvae.
Together, our data indicate that root exposure to fungal volatiles did not affect indirect plant resistance to an insect herbivore. These findings provide new insight into the influence of indirect plant resistance by fungal volatiles that are discussed together with the effects of fungal volatiles on direct plant resistance.
To what extent can multifractal measures provide an accurate model of the porosity of soils?
Authors: Perrier Edith , Baveye Philippe C. , Garnier Patricia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOver the last decades, several authors have suggested that multifractal measures, that is, self‐similar measures defined on fractal or non‐fractal objects, could be useful to describe soil properties, to model soil processes, and to deal with their extreme microscale heterogeneity. In this context, a key question relates to the extent to which multifractal measures can indeed fulfill all the expectations they have generated. To address this question, we discuss the possibility of generating a synthetic soil image exhibiting multifractal porosity. To this end, a simple geometrical multifractal model in 2D is developed, which helps us to better understand the concept of multifractality and to generate images. We show that it is possible to generate synthetic binary images over a limited range of scales, but that a pure multifractal model for the distribution of the solid or pore mass cannot be developed due to physical constraints. Moreover, in the generated images mimicking multifractal solid space, a higher degree of multifractality corresponds to a larger porosity, rendering it difficult to tune model parameters to match actual soil properties. In addition, simple statistics relying on power‐law fits appear insufficient to characterize soil architecture even if they may capture some key multiscale indicators of observed spatial heterogeneity. We argue that the same conclusions would be reached in a three‐dimensional space, as well as for grey‐scales images.
Can moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise ameliorate atopic dermatitis?
Authors: Son Wang Kuk , Yoon Wonsuck , Kim Seunghyun , Byeon Jung Hye , Lee Jue Seong , Kim Dasarang , Jaehoon Lim , Chae Yangseok , Yoon Sung Jin , Yoo Young 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt has been shown that aerobic exercise improves atopic dermatitis (AD), although the mechanism is not clear. Here, we propose a hypothesis that moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise improves AD in a mouse model through modulating allergic inflammation. The DNCB‐treated mouse model for eczema was divided into 3 groups: (a) not subjected to aerobic exercise, (b) subjected to continuous aerobic exercise and (c) subjected to accumulated aerobic exercise. After given exercise using a treadmill device either 30 min/d or 10 min × 3/day at a speed of 16 m/min, for 9 days, respectively, dermatitis symptom score, thickness of epidermis/dermis and eosinophil infiltration were decreased in the 2 exercise groups compared to the sedentary living group. The serum levels of IgE, MCP‐1 and MDC showed a significant decrease both in the continuous or accumulated exercise groups. Moderate‐intensity aerobic exercise ameliorates dermatitis symptoms through immune modulation in the DNCB‐treated mouse model for eczema.
Pitfalls in CALR exon 9 mutation detection: A single‐center experience in 571 positive patients
Authors: Verger Emmanuelle , Maslah Nabih , Schlageter Marie‐Helene , Chomienne Christine , Kiladjian Jean‐Jacques , Giraudier Stephane , Cassinat Bruno 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) is closely related to the acquisition of specific molecular alterations in JAK2, MPL, or CALR genes, the presence of which represent major diagnostic criteria in the WHO classification. The CALR exon 9 insertions and deletions are very heterogeneous, and their detection mainly relies on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fragment length analysis.MethodsWe report on the rare nonclassical profiles that we observed among the 1382 patients analyzed by PCR fragment length analysis. In difficult cases, we tested germline DNA and performed NGS analysis.ResultsWe faced some troubling results because of the presence of several unexpected peaks. Our investigations showed that they resulted from a mix of isolated or double somatic mutations combined with germline alterations which could be misleading for a correct diagnosis. The precise interpretation of such difficult cases is mandatory as a misinterpretation could lead to the prescription of cytoreductive drugs to nondiseased persons or to an absence of treatment in true MPN patients.ConclusionOur observations showed that every mutation should be verified by direct Sanger sequencing, and we show that sometimes it may be necessary to study germline DNA and to complement with NGS analysis to precisely interpret the molecular alterations.
Mindin serves as a tumour suppressor gene during colon cancer progression through MAPK/ERK signalling pathway in mice
Authors: Cheng Xiao‐Shen , Huo Ya‐Ni , Fan Yan‐Yun , Xiao Chuan‐Xing , Ouyang Xiao‐Mei , Liang Lai‐Ying , Lin Ying , Wu Jian‐Feng , Ren Jian‐Lin , Guleng Bayasi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMindin is important in broad spectrum of immune responses. On the other hand, we previously reported that mindin attenuated human colon cancer development by blocking angiogenesis through Egr‐1–mediated regulation. However, the mice original mindin directly suppressed the syngenic colorectal cancer (CRC) growth in our recent study and we aimed to further define the role of mindin during CRC development in mice. We established the mouse syngeneic CRC CMT93 and CT26 WT cell lines with stable mindin knock‐down or overexpression. These cells were also subcutaneously injected into C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice as well as established a colitis‐associated colorectal cancer (CAC) mouse model treated with lentiviral‐based overexpression and knocked‐down of mindin. Furthermore, we generated mindin knockout mice using a CRISPR‐Cas9 system with CAC model. Our data showed that overexpression of mindin suppressed cell proliferation in both of CMT93 and CT26 WT colon cancer cell lines, while the silencing of mindin promoted in vitro cell proliferation via the ERK and c‐Fos pathways and cell cycle control. Moreover, the overexpression of mindin significantly suppressed in vivo tumour growth in both the subcutaneous transplantation and the AOM/DSS‐induced CAC models. Consistently, the silencing of mindin reversed these in vivo observations. Expectedly, the tumour growth was promoted in the CAC model on mindin‐deficient mice. Thus, mindin plays a direct tumour suppressive function during colon cancer progression and suggesting that mindin might be exploited as a therapeutic target for CRC.
Foraging habitat determines predator–prey size relationships in marine fishes
Authors: Griffiths David 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPredator–prey size (PPS) relationships are determined by predator behaviour, with the likelihood of prey being eaten dependent on their size relative to that of the consumer. Published PPS relationships for 30 pelagic or benthic marine fish species were analysed using quantile regression to determine how median, lower and upper prey sizes varied with predator size and habitat. Habitat effects on predator foraging activity/mode, morphology, growth and natural mortality are quantified and the effects on PPS relationships explored. Pelagic species are more active, more likely to move by caudal fin propulsion and grow more rapidly but have higher mortality rates than benthic species, where the need for greater manoeuvrability when foraging in more physically complex habitats favours ambush predators using pectoral fin propulsion. Prey size increased with predator size in most species, but pelagic species ate relatively smaller prey than benthic predators. As pelagic predators grew, lower prey size limits changed little, and prey size range increased but median relative prey size declined, whereas the lower limit increased and median relative prey size was constant or increased in benthic species.
Comparison of moderate electric field and conventional marination methods applied to chicken breast muscles
Authors: Moreno Jorge , Mphachoe Pabala , Sáez‐Trautmann Guido , Guerra‐Valle María , Simpson Ricardo , Nuñez Helena 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis research aimed to compare the effect of the brine‐salting process when applying a moderate electric field (MEF) and during conventional treatment of chicken breast muscles. Chicken breasts were cut into cylindrical shapes, either longitudinally or cross‐section according to muscle fibers, with dimensions of 2 × 3 cm2. Samples were submerged in marinade solutions (salt and polyphosphate‐) at concentrations of 3, 5, and 7% at 4°C for 300 min of processing. The results showed that the mass transfer of chloride and polyphosphate ions was best with the 5% marinade in combination with an MEF, obtaining 0.20 Xcl + by the end of the processing time; for the conventional treatment, the 7% concentration improved the mass transfer of ions in the treated samples compared to that of the other conventionally marinated samples. In terms of the longitudinal cut, the 3% concentration combined with an MEF presented better results than those of the same concentration using the conventional method. However, the 7% and 5% concentrations using conventional treatment exhibited mass transfer values of 0.17Xcl + and 0.08Xcl + , respectively, in the final samples.Practical applicationsIn the meat industry, marination is a primary process. As an alternative to reduce marinating time, moderate electric fields (MEFs) may be applied in chicken breasts without affecting the product quality. Likewise, the cut of muscle fibers will influence the marination process. The utilization of an MEF at 5 V during the marinating process presented greater efficiency in chicken breast marination than a cross‐sectional cut with polyphosphate chloride solution at 7%, reaching a 120 min reduction in the process compared to conventional methods.
Purple tulip extract improves signs of skin aging through dermal structural modulation as shown by genomic, protein expression and skin appearance of volunteers studied
Authors: Hajem Neïla , Manzato Léana , Branchet Marie‐Christine , Herlin Amélie , Hassanaly Shalina , Huguet Elise , Himbert Frank , Bernard Philippe , Dussert Anne‐Sophie , Choulot Jean‐Christophe , Boisnic Sylvie , Kéophiphath Mayoura 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPurple tulip extract is a rich source of flavonoids which are powerful antioxidants and can hence be considered as an ideal candidate for use in skin care products.AimsWe aimed to evaluate the effects of purple tulip extract on skin quality and to determine its molecular modes of interaction.MethodsA pangenomic study on human skin fibroblasts was carried out to analyze multiple changes in gene expression. Ex vivo studies of human skin explants exposed to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation or H2O2 were performed to assess modulations of protein expression. Finally, a clinical assay was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of purple tulip extract on skin appearance and condition of aged women.ResultsGenetic modulation analyses led us to infer the induction of many biological functions including cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, inflammatory responses, and matrix remodeling. The ex vivo studies revealed an enhancement of the collagen network and increased expression of glycosaminoglycans (GAG), fibronectin, and collagen VI. Finally, the clinical study highlighted the potential anti‐aging properties of the purple tulip extract which decreased the relaxation of the oval face and improved skin elasticity after 28 days of treatment. Significant reductions of the length and depth of the nasolabial wrinkles were also observed.ConclusionOur genomics data on the effect of purple tulip extract on the ex vivo UV‐challenged skin showed that genes responsible for, among others, the upkeep of the skin, such as collagen induction, immune cell proliferation, and epidermal repair, were all up‐regulated. More importantly, the clinical study corroborated these data by the visible and measurable effects of the topical purple tulip extract on the aged skin of 22 women, further demonstrating the beneficial impact of the extract on aged skin.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis and pregnancy: Anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, placental inflammation, chorangiosis and pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Cagan Murat , Fadiloglu Erdem , Unal Canan , Beksac M. Sinan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGranulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a rare necrotizing autoimmune disease involving small vessel vasculitis. Pregnancies with GPA have increased rates of obstetric complications including pre‐eclampsia. Differential diagnosis of GPA flares up and pre‐eclampsia may be difficult and necessitates careful clinical practice. A 26‐year‐old pregnant woman with GPA was referred for hypertension. The absence of GPA signs and symptoms, negative anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer and the presence of clinical and laboratory findings supported the diagnosis of pre‐eclampsia rather than a GPA flare‐up. The newborn was delivered via cesarean section at the 30th gestational week due to severe superimposed pre‐eclampsia. Pathological examination of the placenta demonstrated the presence of chorangiosis and focal placental infarcts. GPA should be considered as a risk factor in pregnancy and requires careful clinical management to have good gestational outcome. Physicians should be vigilant regarding gestational diabetes and pre‐eclampsia as well as GPA flare‐up.
Brenneria alni,causal agent bark canker ofAlnus subcordata
Authors: Moradi‐Amirabad Yousef , Khodakaramian Gholam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn 2014, bark cankers were observed on Caucasian alder (Alnus subcordata) trees in Iran. The disease was characterized by a dark watery liquid often exuding from longitudinal cankers in the bark of the tree trunks which stained the surface. Symptomatic tissue fromA. subcordatawas sampled from a number of sites in the Mazandaran province. Isolations were performed on nutrient agar supplemented with sucrose (SNA) and yielded bacterial colonies that were uniform, round and whitish. The bacterial strains isolated from alder trees in Iran were similar toBrenneria alnibased on phenotypic and genotypic (nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA, and housekeeping genesgyrB, andinfB) characteristics. The pathogenicity of the representative strains was determined by inoculating stem pieces ofA. subcordata. All tested strains caused longitudinal necrotic lesions 30 days after inoculation and were re‐isolated from this tissue. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence ofB. alniin Iran, and onA. subcordataglobally.