bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Piscicidal and Prophylaxis Potentials of Neem (Azadirachta indica L) Extract in Yolk Fry of African Catfish, (Clarias gariepinus)
Authors: Oyebola Oyediran Olusegun , Adebayo Josephine Oluseyi , Oshinowo Adegboyega Justino 
Published: January 2021

The study aimed to investigate the lethal range and suitable concentration of Neem leaf extract for prophylaxis use in early life stage of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) by discovering safe dosage, capable of ensuring improved fry survival in the presence of virulent microbial pathogens.
Powdered Neem leaf weight 465.00±0.50 g was soaked in ethanol for 72 hours using standard laboratory procedure for metabolite extraction. Extract was freeze-dried through sublimation process. Freeze-dried extracts were characterised for presence and quantity (mg/g) of 12 antimicrobial related metabolites. 100 each of day-old yolk-fry Clarias gariepinus were immersed in each of 0 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 25 mg/L, 30 mg/L, 35 mg/L, 40 mg/L, 45 mg/L, and 50 mg/L freeze-dried extracts, and in each of pre-LC50 Neem concentrations plus 1 x 10-4 Aeromonas hydrophila (ATCC 19750) inoculum in 24 hours; to respectively determine toxicity range (LC50 and LC100) and survival during prophylaxis.
Neem leaf yielded 2.94±0.55% freeze-dried extracts. Qualitatively, 58.33% of tested phytochemicals/metabolites were negative, while Saponin, Tannin, Alkaloid, Flavonoid, and Phenol, representing 41.66%tests were positive. Metabolites’ quantity ranged 3.13±0.13mg/g(Phenol) - 14.97±0.15 mg/g(Tannin). Fry in 0-15 mg/L extract did not reach LC50 in 24 hours. LC50 occurred in 20-35 mg/L at 21-23 hours and 40-50 mg/L at 17-18 hours, LC100 occurred in 40-50 mg/L at 19-23 hour. 0%neem+fry had 100.0±0.0% survival in 24 hours. Survival ranged 0.0±0.0 (16-24 hours) - 100.0±0.0%(4-8hours) in 0neem+Fry+Aeromonas; 0.0±0.0(20-24hours) – 100.0±0.0 (4-8 hours) in 5 mg/L neem+Fry+Aeromonas; 0.0±0.0 (20-24 hours) – 100.0±0.0 (4-8 hours) in 10 mg/L neem+Fry+Aeromonas and 30.0±5.5 (24 hours) - 100.0±0.0 (4-8 hours) in 15 mg/L neem+Fry+Aeromonas.
Neem extract contain antimicrobial related metabolites, which is toxic to at least half C. gariepinus yolk fry population at >15mg/L concentrations. Fry survival in virulent A. hydrophila laden rearing medium was slightly improved at 15mg/L concentration.
Sexually transmitted diseases and reproductive tract infections among contraceptive users
Authors: Guerreiro D , Gigante M.A.M , Teles L.C 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To establish the association between the use of contraceptives and the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and other reproductive tract infections (RTI). Methods: 840 women who used contraception and who attended the Fundação Nossa Senhora do Bom Sucesso's Family Planning Clinic (FNSBS‐FPC) over a 2‐year period (1993–1994) were studied. All women answered a standard epidemiological survey and underwent a clinical laboratory assessment. The Chi‐square test and a logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results: The majority of women were young (58.7%); low educational achievers (59.0%); middle or working class (85.0%); had a fixed partner (79.8%), and were of non‐African origin (95.6%). Of the 627 women who responded, 4.1% stated that their sexual behavior was of high risk. The prevalence of any infection and particularly of bacterial vaginosis (BV), was highest among users of the intra‐uterine device (IUD). Use of an IUD (P=0.001) and high risk behavior (P=0.04) were the variables associated to presence of a STD/RTI in multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: Results suggest that STD/RTIs basically occur due to high risk behavior and that, with the exception of an association between use of IUD and BV, the method of contraception does not affect the incidence of these infections.
Properties of developing lateral geniculate neurones in the mouse
Authors: MacLeod Nikki , Turner Christopher , Edgar Julia 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThis study describes the properties of neurones recorded in vitro from the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the mouse between developmental stages El 6 and P36 and represents the first systematic study of the development of rodent thalamic neurones. The results demonstrate that thalamo‐cortical neurones in the mouse dLGN undergo a series of important changes as they mature. Prenatally recorded cells had low resting potentials and could not generate action potentials but as they mature, mouse dLGN neurones become more polarised and show an increase in membrane time constant and spike threshold, while action potentials increase in amplitude and decrease in width. The low‐threshold spike (LTS) complex appears at the time of birth, but does not show properties typical of adult cells until at least the third postnatal week. Immature action potentials are primarily sodium‐dependent but gain a significant calcium component in the second postnatal week, which is associated with a supra‐threshold oscillation of the membrane potential. The electrical activity during this critical period is strongly influenced by the interaction of powerful inward and outward rectification with calcium conductances which determines the appearance of voltage responses to intracellular current injection. The membrane potential in recordings from neurones during the first postnatal week was dominated by intense TTX‐sensitive depolarising synaptic‐like events which attained amplitudes of 60mV in several neurones at stages P5–P8. These changes are discussed in relationship to the formation of appropriate connections in the developing visual system.
Enhanced Ca2+ ‐induced contractions and attenuated α‐adrenoceptor responses in resistance arteries from rats with congestive heart failure
Authors: Bergdahl Anders , Valdemarsson Stig , Sun Xiang‐Ying , Hedner Thomas , Edvinsson Lars 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAim:The aim of the present study was to examine the role of Ca2+ ‐mediated contractile responses in isolated mesenteric resistance arteries from rats with congestive heart failure (CHF).Methods:Heart failure was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery. Rats exposed to the same surgical procedure except ligation served as controls (Sham). The following experiments were conducted: (1) passive increase in radial stretch (the length–tension relationship) in Ca2+ ‐free and in depolarizing high K+‐ solution; (2) the contractile responses to external application of Ca2+ and high K+ ‐solutions in the presence of nifedipine and phentolamine; and (3) a histological evaluation of CHF and Sham vessels.Results:The length–tension induced response in Ca2+ ‐free buffer solution was significantly lower in arteries from CHF rats, starting at a very low tension (0.9 ± 0.2 mN/mm for heart failure and 1.7 ± 0.2 mN/mm for Sham). This difference, but at a higher degree of stretch, was also present in K+ ‐activated vessels. The external application of Ca2+ in K+ ‐depolarized vascular segments in the presence of phentolamine (1 μM) induced an enhanced contractile response in arteries from CHF rats compared with Sham (4.8 ± 0.3 mN/mm and 3.6 ± 0.6 mN/mm, respectively, P = 0.059). In the absence of phentolamine the reverse response was found (4.0 ± 0.4 mN/mm and 5.7 ± 0.3 mN/mm for CHF vs. Sham respectively, P = 0.035). Application of increasing concentrations of K+ ‐solution induced a stronger contractile response in Sham compared with CHF arteries (Sham 4.9 ± 0.4 and heart failure 4.0 ± 0.3, P = 0.04). Microscopic examination of vessels yielded no difference in gross morphology, media thickness or wall to lumen ratio between CHF and Sham arteries.Conclusion:The results indicate an attenuation of α‐adrenoceptors and a difference of Ca2+ ‐mediated vascular contractility in resistance arteries of congestive heart failure rats.
Methanopyraceae
Authors: Shao Nana , Akinyemi Taiwo S. , Whitman William B. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMe.tha.no.py.ra.ce'ae. N.L. masc. n.Methanopyrustype genus of the family; ‐aceaethe ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.Methanopyraceaethe family ofMethanopyrus.Euryarchaeota / Methanopyria / Methanopyrales / MethanopyraceaeRod‐shaped cells, occurring singly and in chains, about 2–14 μm long and 0.5–0.7 μm wide. Nonsporulating. Cell division by septum formation. Cell wall consists of an inner pseudomurein and an outer proteinaceous S‐layer. Gram‐stain‐positive. Strictly anaerobic. Growth is chemolithoautotrophic with H2/CO2converted to CH4as energy‐forming reaction. Sulfur reduced to H2S, causing cell lysis. 2,3‐Di‐O‐phytanyl‐sn‐glycerol and 2,3‐di‐O‐geranylgeranyl‐sn‐glycerol present in the lipids. Cyclic 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate present intracellularly at high concentrations. Growth between pH 5.5 and 7; optimum, pH near 6.5. Hyperthermophilic. No growth occurs below 84°C; optimum growth temperature, 98–100°C; maximum, up to 116°C. Occur in deep‐sea hydrothermal fields. Currently, one genus with one species is described. Genome sequences have been determined for the type strain of the type species,Methanopyrus kandleriAV19T, and two other unclassified strains,Methanopyrussp. SNP6 and KOL6.DNA G + C content (mol%): 57.7–61.2 (Genome).Type genus:MethanopyrusKurr et al. 1991, VL41.
Desulfonauticaceae
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

De.sul.fo.nau.ti.ca.ce'ae. N.L. masc. n.
Desulfonauticus
, type genus of the family; suff. ‐
aceae
, ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Desulfonauticaceae
, the family of
Desulfonauticus
.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfovibrionia / Desulfovibrionales / Desulfonauticaceae

Cells are straight or curved rods which occur singly or in pairs. Gram‐stain‐negative. Endospores are not observed. Motile. Strict anaerobes with a respiratory type of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotroph and chemolithoheterotroph or chemolithoautotroph. One species can only use H
2
and formate as electron donors in combination with acetate as carbon source. The other species also uses some organic compounds and amino acids as carbon sources. Organic compounds except formate are not used as electron donors. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur are used as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to H
2
S. Moderate thermophile and neutrophile. Desulfoviridin is not present. Cytochromes of the
c
‐type are present. The family currently accommodates a single genus
Desulfonauticus
. Present in geothermally active areas of elevated temperature.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 32.5–41.3 (LC, genome).

Type genus
:
Desulfonauticus
Audiffrin et al. 2003
VP
.
Pasteurella
Authors: Christensen Henrik , Mutters Reinier , Bisgaard Magne 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPas.teu.rel'la. N.L. dim. fem. n.Pasteurellanamed after Louis Pasteur.Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / PasteurellaAccording to 16S rRNA gene—and conserved housekeeping protein sequence phylogeny—Pasteurella sensu strictoonly includes the type speciesPasteurella multocidaand the speciesPasteurella canis,Pasteurella stomatis,Pasteurella dagmatis, andPasteurella oralis. The genusPasteurellaincludes coccobacilli or rods, generally 0.3–1.0 μm in diameter and 1.0–2.0 μm in length. Members ofPasteurellaare Gram‐negative, nonmotile, non‐acid‐fast, and endospores are not formed. Growth is aerobic to microaerophilic or facultatively anaerobic. The metabolism is chemoheterotrophic with both oxidative and fermentative types of metabolism. The electron transport system is cytochrome based, with oxygen, nitrate, or fumarate as the terminal electron acceptor. Nitrate reductase is produced. Members of the genus are oxidase‐positive (P. dagmatisvariable), alkaline phosphatase‐positive, and catalase‐positive. The optimum growth temperature is 35–37°C. No growth occurs on Simmons' citrate agar. Acid is produced from (+)‐d‐glucose, (+)‐d‐galactose, (−)‐d‐fructose, (+)‐d‐mannose, and sucrose. Acid is not produced from adonitol,meso‐inositol, (+)‐l‐rhamnose, or (−)‐l‐sorbose. Members of the genusPasteurellaare commensal or opportunistic pathogenic in mammals and birds and more rarely found in some other vertebrates such as marsupials and lizards. Members of the genus are mainly obtained from lesions in the respiratory tract. Typical infections associated withP. multocidainclude hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle and buffaloes, fowl cholera in chicken, anthropic rhinitis in pigs, and snuffles in rabbits. In human beings, these taxa are mainly obtained with wound infections inflicted by animals.DNA G + C content (mol%): 36.8–43.5.Type species:Pasteurella multocidaRosenbusch and Merchant 1939AL(basonym: Lehmann and Neumann 1899) emend. Mutters et al. 1985.
Thermoanaerobaculum
Authors: Losey Nathaniel A. , Lawson Paul A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Ther.mo.an.a.e.ro.ba'cu.lum. Gr. masc. adj.
thermos
, hot; Gr. pref.
an-
, not; Gr. masc. n.
aer
, air; L. neut. n.
baculum
, rod; N.L. neut. n.
Thermoanaerobaculum
, rod that grows in the absence of air at high temperatures.

Acidobacteria / Thermoanaerobaculia / Thermoanaerobaculales / Thermoanaerobaculaceae / Thermoanaerobaculum

Cells are Gram‐stain‐negative, nonmotile, strictly anaerobic, and rod shaped. Reproduce by binary fission. Chemoheterotrophic with the ability to grow fermentatively on pyruvate, yeast extract, or peptone. Capable of reducing Fe(III) and Mn(IV). Moderately thermophilic. The major fatty acids are iso‐C
15:0
, iso‐C
16:0
, anteiso‐C
17:0
, and iso‐C
17:0
. Iso‐diabolic acid and other ether‐linked lipids are not present. The polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylethanolamine. The major isoprenoid quinone is MK‐10, and the major polyamine is
sym
‐homospermidine. Phylogenetically,
Thermoanaerobaculum
is located in the phylum
Acidobacteria
within the family
Thermoanaerobaculaceae
, order
Thermoanaerobaculales
, and class
Thermoanaerobaculia
. Represents the first genus to be described within
Acidobacteria
subdivision 23. Known habitats are terrestrial hot springs.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 63.0 (genome sequence).

Type species:
Thermoanaerobaculum aquaticum
Losey et al. 2013
VP
.
Rodentibacter
Authors: Christensen Henrik , Nicklas Werner , Bisgaard Magne , Boot Ron , Adhikary Sadhana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRo.den.ti.bac'ter. N.L. pl. n.rodentesrodents,rodensL. pres. part. gnawing; N.L. masc. n.bacterrod; N.L. masc. n.Rodentibacterrod from rodents.Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Pasteurellales / Pasteurellaceae / RodentibacterThe genusRodentibacterwas established based on the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of strains, predominantly from rodents. The strains formed a monophyletic group withinPasteurellaceaebased on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and showed 93.8% or higher similarity, and their unique relationship at genus level withinPasteurellaceaewas confirmed by phenotypic analysis. Comparison of a partial region of therpoBgene sequence showed 86% or higher similarity of all strains. The type speciesRodentibacter pneumotropicuswas reclassified from [Pasteurella]pneumotropica, and the genus further includes seven validly published names of species and two genomospecies. The species were classified based on comparisons of 16S rRNA gene sequences, partialrpoBgene sequences, DNA–DNA renaturation estimated from whole‐genomic sequences, and phenotypes.Rodentibacter heyliiincludes the former biovar Heyl of [P.]pneumotropica.Rodentibacter rattiincludes taxon 22 of Bisgaard, whileRodentibacter myodisincludes taxon 41 of Bisgaard.Rodentibacter raruswas based on the characterization of two strains including the reference strain of taxon 17 of Bisgaard.Rodentibacter mraziiincluded Bisgaard taxon 21. In addition, the speciesRodentibacter heidelbergensisandRodentibacter trehalosifermentanswere outlined. The eight validly published species names could be separated by phenotypic characteristics.DNA G + C content (mol%): 40.0–41.0.Type species:Rodentibacter pneumotropicusAdhikary et al. 2017aVP(basonym:Pasteurella pneumotropicaJawetz 1950AL).
Desulfocicer
gen. nov.
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

De.sul.fo.ci'cer. L. pref.
de
, from; L. neut. n.
sulfur
, sulfur; N.L. pref.
desulfo
‐, prefix used to characterize a dissimilatory sulfate‐reducing prokaryote; L. neut. n.
cicer
, chickpea; N.L. neut. n.
Desulfocicer
, sulfate‐reducing chickpea.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfobacteria / Desulfobacterales / Desulfobacteraceae / Desulfocicer
gen. nov.

Oval‐ to irregular‐shaped rods, 1.5–2.0 × 2.0–3.0 μm. Occur singly or in pairs. One species forms chains. Spore formation is not observed. Gram‐stain‐negative. Motility might occur depending on the species. Strictly anaerobic, having a respiratory type of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophic and chemolithoautotrophic. C
2
–C
16
straight‐chain fatty acids, ethanol, pyruvate, fumarate, succinate, malate, glutamate, and glutarate are used as carbon sources and electron donors and are completely oxidized to CO
2
via the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway. Chemolithoautotrophic growth on H
2
+ CO
2
. Formate is used without acetate. Sulfate serves as a terminal electron acceptor and is reduced to H
2
S. Fermentative growth was not observed. Mesophilic. Optimal growth temperature is 25–30°C. Neutrophilic. Optimal pH for growth is 7.0–7.4. Media containing a reductant and increased levels of NaCl and MgCl
2
are necessary for growth. Vitamins might be required for growth. The genus
Desulfocicer
contains two described species and occurs in anoxic brackish and marine sediments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 45.8–46.5 (
T
m
, genome).

Type species
:
Desulfocicer niacini
comb. nov. (basonym:
Desulfobacterium niacini
Kuever et al. 2005a, VL107).
Fundidesulfovibrio
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Fun.di.de.sul.fo.vi'brio. L. masc. adj.
fundus
, the bottom, foundation; N.L. masc. n.
Desulfovibrio
, a bacterial genus name; N.L. masc. n.
Fundidesulfovibrio
, the bottom
Desulfovibrio
, referring to the origin from a deep subsurface aquifer.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfovibrionia / Desulfovibrionales / Desulfovibrionaceae / Fundidesulfovibrio

Cells are vibrio shaped, 0.7–0.9 × 2.3–5.6 μm. Occur singly or in pairs. Spore formation is not observed. Gram‐stain‐negative. Cells are motile by a single polar flagellum. Strictly anaerobic, having both a respiratory and a fermentative type of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophs using organic acids such as lactate, pyruvate, fumarate (one species), and malate (one species) as electron donors and carbon sources; these organic compounds are incompletely oxidized to acetate.
Fundidesulfovibrio butyratiphilus
can use butyrate, valerate, and 2‐methylbutyrate. Low molecular weight alcohols are also utilized. Patterns of alcohol utilization by the species of the genus for sulfate reduction are consistent with incomplete type of metabolism, and major products depend on the ability of species to utilize fatty acids. H
2
can be used as electron donor in the presence of acetate as organic carbon source (chemolithoheterotrophic growth). For
F. butyratiphilus
, chemolithoautotrophic growth with H
2
and CO
2
is described. Formate is not used. Sulfate (all species) and often sulfite, thiosulfate serve as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to sulfide. Desulfoviridin is present. In the absence of an external electron acceptor, growth may occur by fermentation of pyruvate, malate (one species), or fumarate (one species). Mesophilic; the optimum temperature for growth is 30–35°C. Neutrophilic; the optimum pH for growth is 7.0–7.1. Media containing a reductant but not NaCl are required for growth. Occurs in anoxic water‐producing wells and sewage sludge plants.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 62.9–63.3 (LC, genome).

Type species
:
Fundidesulfovibrio putealis
Waite et al. 2020
VP
(basonym:
Desulfovibrio putealis
Basso et al. 2005).
Paradesulfovibrio
Authors: Galushko Alexander , Kuever Jan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Pa.ra.de.sul.fo.vi'bri.o. Gr. prep.
para
, besides, near, like; N.L. masc. n.
Desulfovibrio
, a bacterial genus name; N.L. masc. n.
Paradesulfovibrio
, besides the genus
Desulfovibrio
.

Desulfobacterota / Desulfovibrionia / Desulfovibrionales / Desulfovibrionaceae / Paradesulfovibrio

Cells are vibrio shaped, 0.5 × 2.0–3.0 μm. Occur singly or in pairs. Spore formation is not observed. Stain Gram‐negative. Cells are motile. Strictly anaerobic, having both a respiratory and a fermentative type of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophs using lactate, pyruvate, ethanol, fumarate, succinate, and malate as electron donors and carbon sources; organic compounds are incompletely oxidized to acetate. Alcohols such as propanol and butanol are used and are oxidized to their corresponding carboxylic acids. H
2
can be used as electron donor in the presence of acetate as an organic carbon source (chemolithoheterotrophic growth). Formate was not tested as substrate. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, and sulfur serve as terminal electron acceptors and are reduced to sulfide. Desulfoviridin is present. Fumarate and some of brominated phenols are also used. In the absence of an external electron acceptor, growth may occur by fermentation of pyruvate and fumarate. Mesophilic; the optimum temperature for growth is 40°C. Neutrophilic; the optimum pH for growth is 7.0. NaCl and media containing a reductant are required for growth. The former
Desulfovibrio bizertensis
was transferred to the new genus
Paradesulfovibrio
. Occur in anoxic marine sediments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 52.1 (genome).

Type species
:
Paradesulfovibrio bizertensis
Waite et al. 2020
VP
(basonym:
Desulfovibrio bizertensis
Haouari et al. 2006
VP
).
Thermogutta
Authors: Slobodkina Galina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Ther.mo.gutt'ta Gr. masc. adj.
thermos,
hot; L. fem. n.
gutta
a drop; N.L. fem. n.
Thermogutta
, a drop‐shaped thermophile.

Planctomycetes / Planctomycetia / Pirellulales / Thermoguttaceae / Thermogutta

The genus
Thermogutta
consists of Gram‐stain‐negative bacteria with oval cells that occur singly or in aggregates. Cells reproduce by budding. Daughter cells are motile; mature cells are nonmotile. Members of the genus are thermophilic and neutrophilic anaerobes, which are also capable of microaerobic growth. The genus is characterized by chemoorganotrophic growth by oxidation of organic substrates, primarily sugars, with external electron acceptors or by fermentation. The major cellular fatty acids are hexadecenoic (C
16:0
) and octadecanoic (C
18:0
) fatty acids. Unsaturated or hydroxy fatty acids are lacking. The type species is
Thermogutta terrifontis
. This genus is a member of the phylum
Planctomycetes
, class
Planctomycetia,
order
Pirellulales
, and family
Thermoguttaceae
. Representatives of this genus inhabit terrestrial, subsurface, and anthropogenic ecosystems with elevated temperatures.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 57.3–66.6 (
T
m
and genome data).

Type species
:
Thermogutta terrifontis
, Slobodkina et al. 2015
VP
.
Thermostilla
Authors: Slobodkina Galina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Ther.mo.stil'la. Gr. masc. adj.
thermos
hot; L. fem. n.
stilla
a drop; N.L. fem. n.
Thermostilla
a drop‐shaped thermophile.

Planctomycetes / Planctomycetia / Pirellulales / Thermoguttaceae / Thermostilla

The genus
Thermostilla
, represented by a single species,
Thermostilla marina
, consists of Gram‐stain‐negative, budding bacteria with oval cells assembled in aggregates or occurring as single cells. Daughter cells are motile; mature cells are nonmotile. The members of the genus are thermophilic, neutrophilic, and facultatively anaerobic with the ability to grow under microoxic conditions. The genus is characterized by chemoorganotrophic growth with external electron acceptors or by fermentation. Growth substrates include mono‐, di‐, and polysaccharides. The predominant cellular fatty acid is hexadecenoic (C
16:0
) acid. Unsaturated and hydroxy fatty acids are lacking. This genus is a member of the phylum
Planctomycetes
, class
Planctomycetia,
order
Pirellulales
, and family
Thermoguttaceae
. Habitats of the genus are marine hydrothermal vents.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 58.5 (
T
m
).

Type species
:
Thermostilla marina
, Slobodkina et al. 2016
VP
.