bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of RANK signaling in breast cancer induces an anti-tumor immune response orchestrated by CD8+ T cells
Authors: Gómez-Aleza Clara , Nguyen Bastien , Yoldi Guillermo , Ciscar Marina , Barranco Alexandra , Hernández-Jiménez Enrique , Maetens Marion , Salgado Roberto , Zafeiroglou Maria , Pellegrini Pasquale , Venet David , Garaud Soizic , Trinidad Eva M. , Benítez Sandra , Vuylsteke Peter , Polastro Laura , Wildiers Hans , Simon Philippe , Lindeman Geoffrey , Larsimont Denis , Van den Eynden Gert , Velghe Chloé , Rothé Françoise , Willard-Gallo Karen , Michiels Stefan , Muñoz Purificación , Walzer Thierry , Planelles Lourdes , Penninger Josef , Azim Hatem A. , Loi Sherene , Piccart Martine , Sotiriou Christos , González-Suárez Eva 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMost breast cancers exhibit low immune infiltration and are unresponsive to immunotherapy. We hypothesized that inhibition of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK) signaling pathway may enhance immune activation. Here we report that loss of RANK signaling in mouse tumor cells increases leukocytes, lymphocytes, and CD8+ T cells, and reduces macrophage and neutrophil infiltration. CD8+ T cells mediate the attenuated tumor phenotype observed upon RANK loss, whereas neutrophils, supported by RANK-expressing tumor cells, induce immunosuppression. RANKL inhibition increases the anti-tumor effect of immunotherapies in breast cancer through a tumor cell mediated effect. Comparably, pre-operative single-agent denosumab in premenopausal early-stage breast cancer patients from the Phase-II D-BEYOND clinical trial (NCT01864798) is well tolerated, inhibits RANK pathway and increases tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and CD8+ T cells. Higher RANK signaling activation in tumors and serum RANKL levels at baseline predict these immune-modulatory effects. No changes in tumor cell proliferation (primary endpoint) or other secondary endpoints are observed. Overall, our preclinical and clinical findings reveal that tumor cells exploit RANK pathway as a mechanism to evade immune surveillance and support the use of RANK pathway inhibitors to prime luminal breast cancer for immunotherapy.
Using stable isotopes to analyse extinction risks and reintroduction opportunities of native species in invaded ecosystems
Authors: Haubrock Phillip J. , Balzani Paride , Britton J. Robert , Haase Peter 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInvasive non-native species have pervasive impacts on native biodiversity, including population extirpations and species extinctions. Identifying reasons why a population of a native species is extirpated following an invasion often relies on literature-based results of anecdotal observations. The well-established schemes of existing risk assessments for invasive species assume that a species’ information (e.g. impacts or behavioural and biological traits) can be projected from one area to another to estimate the potential impact of a species in another environment. We used stable isotope data (δ13C, δ15N) from both invaded and uninvaded communities to predict such invasion impacts by reconstructing trophic relationships. This approach was tested on a community within a protected lake in Northern Spain where, following the introductions of non-native species, the last resident native species (the common tenchTinca tinca, the European eelAnguilla anguilla, and the whirligig beetleGyrinussp.) had been extirpated. Through the application of this novel approach, we found evidence that native species’ declines were related to direct predation by and resource overlap with non-native species, which occurred in conjunction with habitat modification. Using this approach, we outlined the mechanisms involved in the extirpation of native species in the post-invasion period. To compensate for losses of native species induced by invasions of non-native species, native species reintroductions might be an appropriate tool. For this, we further suggested and discussed a novel approach that predicts the outcome of arising interactions by superimposing stable isotope data from alternative sources to better estimate the success of native species´ reintroductions.
Phylogenetic relationship of Paramignya trimera and its relatives: an evidence for the wide sexual compatibility
Authors: Phi Thi Cam Mien , Chu Hoang Ha , Trieu Le Ngoc , Nguyen Duc Bach 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe genusParamignya(Rutaceae) comprises about 30 species typically distributing in tropical Asia. Like other genera of the family Rutaceae, the significant variation in the morphology ofParamignyaspecies makes the taxonomic study and accurate identification become difficult. In Vietnam,Paramignyaspecies have been mostly found in Khanh Hoa and Lam Dong provinces and used as traditional medicines. Recently,Paramignya trimera, a species of the genusParamignyawith local name “Xao tam phan” has been drawn attention and intensively exploited to treat liver diseases and cancers. However, the significant variations in the morphology and different local names ofP. trimerahave caused confusion and difficulty in the accurate identification and application of this plant for medicine. In this study, the combination of both morphological and DNA sequence data has effectively supported the taxonomic identification ofP. trimeraand some relatives collected in Khanh Hoa and Lam Dong provinces. The comparison of the morphology and analysis of the phylogenetic trees suggested that there was a significant variation ofP. trimera. In addition, some accessions ofP. trimerawith morphological characteristics similar andAtalantia buxifoliawere likely the intergeneric hybrids between the two species. Analysis of genetic variation, interspecific and intraspecific distances using ITS, matK and rbcL sequences shown thatP. trimerawas closely related toA. buxifolia,Severinia monophyllaandLuvunga scandens. In addition, matK sequences represented as the effective candidate DNA barcode to identify and distinguishParamignyaspecies from others of the family Rutaceae.
Flicker fusion thresholds as a clinical identifier of a magnocellular-deficit dyslexic subgroup
Authors: Peters Jessica L. , Bavin Edith L. , Brown Alyse , Crewther David P. , Crewther Sheila G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe magnocellular-dorsal system is well isolated by high temporal frequency. However, temporal processing thresholds have seldom been explored in developmental dyslexia nor its subtypes. Hence, performances on two, four-alternative forced-choice achromatic flicker fusion threshold tasks modulated at low (5%) and high (75%) temporal contrast were compared in dyslexic and neurotypical children individually matched for age and intelligence (8–12 years, n = 54 per group). As expected, the higher modulation resulted in higher flicker fusion thresholds in both groups. Compared to neurotypicals, the dyslexic group displayed significantly lower ability to detect flicker at high temporal frequencies, both at low and high temporal contrast. Yet, discriminant analysis did not adequately distinguish the dyslexics from neurotypicals, on the basis of flicker thresholds alone. Rather, two distinct dyslexic subgroups were identified by cluster analysis – one characterised by significantly lower temporal frequency thresholds than neurotypicals (referred to as ‘Magnocellular-Deficit’ dyslexics; 53.7%), while the other group (‘Magnocellular-Typical’ dyslexics; 46.3%) had comparable thresholds to neurotypicals. The two dyslexic subgroups were not differentially associated with phonological or naming speed subtypes and showed comparable mean reading rate impairments. However, correlations between low modulation flicker fusion threshold and reading rate for the two subgroups were significantly different (p = .0009). Flicker fusion threshold performances also showed strong classification accuracy (79.3%) in dissociating the Magnocellular-Deficit dyslexics and neurotypicals. We propose that temporal visual processing impairments characterize a previously unidentified subgroup of dyslexia and suggest that measurement of flicker fusion thresholds could be used clinically to assist early diagnosis and appropriate treatment recommendations for dyslexia.
Mapping genomic regions of moisture deficit stress tolerance using backcross inbred lines in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Puttamadanayaka Shashikumara , Harikrishna  , Balaramaiah Manu , Biradar Sunil , Parmeshwarappa Sunilkumar V. , Sinha Nivedita , Prasad S. V. Sai , Mishra P. C. , Jain Neelu , Singh Pradeep Kumar , Singh Gyanendra Pratap , Prabhu Kumble Vinod 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIdentification of markers associated with major physiological and yield component traits under moisture deficit stress conditions in preferred donor lines paves the way for marker-assisted selection (MAS). In the present study, a set of 183 backcross inbred lines (BILs) derived from the cross HD2733/2*C306 were genotyped using 35K Axiom genotyping array and SSR markers. The multi-trait, multi-location field phenotyping of BILs was done at three locations covering two major wheat growing zones of India, north-western plains zone (NWPZ) and central zone (CZ) under varying moisture regimes. A linkage map was constructed using 705 SNPs and 86 SSR polymorphic markers. A total of 43 genomic regions and QTL × QTL epistatic interactions were identified for 14 physiological and yield component traits, including NDVI, chlorophyll content, CT, CL, PH, GWPS, TGW and GY. Chromosomes 2A, 5D, 5A and 4B harbors greater number of QTLs for these traits. Seven Stable QTLs were identified across environment for DH (QDh.iari_6D), GWPS (QGWPS.iari_5B), PH (QPh.iari_4B-2, QPh.iari_4B-3) and NDVI (QNdvi1.iari_5D, QNdvi3.iari_5A). Nine genomic regions identified carrying major QTLs for CL, NDVI, RWC, FLA, PH, TGW and biomass explaining 10.32–28.35% of the phenotypic variance. The co-segregation of QTLs of physiological traits with yield component traits indicate the pleiotropic effects and their usefulness in the breeding programme. Our findings will be useful in dissecting genetic nature and marker-assisted selection for moisture deficit stress tolerance in wheat.
A prediction nomogram for the 3-year risk of incident diabetes among Chinese adults
Authors: Wu Yang , Hu Haofei , Cai Jinlin , Chen Runtian , Zuo Xin , Cheng Heng , Yan Dewen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIdentifying individuals at high risk for incident diabetes could help achieve targeted delivery of interventional programs. We aimed to develop a personalized diabetes prediction nomogram for the 3-year risk of diabetes among Chinese adults. This retrospective cohort study was among 32,312 participants without diabetes at baseline. All participants were randomly stratified into training cohort (n = 16,219) and validation cohort (n = 16,093). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model was used to construct a nomogram and draw a formula for diabetes probability. 500 bootstraps performed the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis resamples to assess the nomogram's determination and clinical use, respectively. 155 and 141 participants developed diabetes in the training and validation cohort, respectively. The area under curve (AUC) of the nomogram was 0.9125 (95% CI, 0.8887–0.9364) and 0.9030 (95% CI, 0.8747–0.9313) for the training and validation cohort, respectively. We used 12,545 Japanese participants for external validation, its AUC was 0.8488 (95% CI, 0.8126–0.8850). The internal and external validation showed our nomogram had excellent prediction performance. In conclusion, we developed and validated a personalized prediction nomogram for 3-year risk of incident diabetes among Chinese adults, identifying individuals at high risk of developing diabetes.
Phenotypic and genetic characterization of differential galacto-oligosaccharide utilization in Lactobacillus plantarum
Authors: Fuhren Jori , Schwalbe Markus , Peralta-Marzal Lucía , Rösch Christiane , Schols Henk A. , Kleerebezem Michiel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSeveralLactobacillus plantarumstrains are marketed as probiotics for their potential health benefits. Prebiotics, e.g., galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), have the potential to selectively stimulate the growth ofL. plantarumprobiotic strains based on their phenotypic diversity in carbohydrate utilization, and thereby enhance their health promoting effects in the host in a strain-specific manner. Previously, we have shown that GOS variably promotes the strain-specific growth ofL. plantarum. In this study we investigated this variation by molecular analysis of GOS utilization byL. plantarum. HPAEC-PAD analysis revealed two distinct GOS utilization phenotypes inL. plantarum.Linking these phenotypes to the strain-specific genotypes led to the identification of alacoperon encoding a β-galactosidase (lacA), a permease (lacS), and a divergently oriented regulator (lacR), that are predicted to be involved in the utilization of higher degree of polymerization (DP) constituents present in GOS (specifically DP of 3–4). Mutation oflacAandlacSinL. plantarumNC8 resulted in reduced growth on GOS, and HPAEC analysis confirmed the role of these genes in the import and utilization of higher-DP GOS constituents. Overall, the results enable the design of highly-selective synbiotic combinations ofL. plantarumstrain-specific probiotics and specific GOS-prebiotic fractions.
Urban fragmentation leads to lower floral diversity, with knock-on impacts on bee biodiversity
Authors: Theodorou Panagiotis , Herbst Sarah-Christine , Kahnt Belinda , Landaverde-González Patricia , Baltz Lucie M. , Osterman Julia , Paxton Robert J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBees and flowering plants are two closely interacting groups of organisms. Habitat loss and fragmentation associated with urbanisation are major threats to both partners. Yet how and why bee and floral richness and diversity co-vary within the urban landscape remain unclear. Here, we sampled bees and flowering plants in urban green spaces to investigate how bee and flowering plant species richness, their phylogenetic diversity and pollination-relevant functional trait diversity influence each other in response to urban fragmentation. As expected, bee abundance and richness were positively related to flowering plant richness, with bee body size (but not bee richness and diversity) increasing with nectar-holder depth of flowering plants. Causal modelling indicated that bottom-up effects dictated patterns of bee-flower relationships, with urban fragmentation diminishing flowering plants richness and thereby indirectly reducing bee species richness and abundance. The close relationship between bees and flowering plants highlights the risks of their parallel declines in response to land-use change within the urban landscape.
N2O decomposition properties of Ru catalysts supported on various oxide materials and SnO2
Authors: Hinokuma Satoshi , Iwasa Takeshi , Kon Yoshihiro , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Sato Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) is a stratospheric ozone depleting greenhouse gas that has global warming potential. As the catalytic decomposition of N2O is one of the most promising techniques for N2O emissions abatement, in this study, for this purpose the properties of Ru supported on various oxide materials were investigated under excess O2conditions, and the identities of the N2O adsorption species on the catalysts were confirmed. To clarify the correlation between the catalytic properties and N2O decomposition activity, the supported Ru catalysts were characterised by means of powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence measurements, energy-dispersive X-ray mapping and several gas sorption techniques. The results showed that the redox properties for Ru (RuO2) at low temperature are closely associated with N2O decomposition activity. The local structures, optimal Ru loading and N2O adsorption species of the novel Ru/SnO2catalysts were studied and they showed high activity for N2O decomposition.
Reliable and accurate diagnostics from highly multiplexed sequencing assays
Authors: Booeshaghi A. Sina , Lubock Nathan B. , Cooper Aaron R. , Simpkins Scott W. , Bloom Joshua S. , Gehring Jase , Luebbert Laura , Kosuri Sri , Pachter Lior 
Published: December 2020

AbstractScalable, inexpensive, and secure testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection is crucial for control of the novel coronavirus pandemic. Recently developed highly multiplexed sequencing assays (HMSAs) that rely on high-throughput sequencing can, in principle, meet these demands, and present promising alternatives to currently used RT-qPCR-based tests. However, reliable analysis, interpretation, and clinical use of HMSAs requires overcoming several computational, statistical and engineering challenges. Using recently acquired experimental data, we present and validate a computational workflow based on kallisto and bustools, that utilizes robust statistical methods and fast, memory efficient algorithms, to quickly, accurately and reliably process high-throughput sequencing data. We show that our workflow is effective at processing data from all recently proposed SARS-CoV-2 sequencing based diagnostic tests, and is generally applicable to any diagnostic HMSA.
An in vitro selective inhibitory effect of silver(i) aminoacidates against bacteria and intestinal cell lines and elucidation of the mechanism of action by means of DNA binding properties, DNA cleavage and cell cycle arrest
Authors: Rendošová Michaela , Gyepes Róbert , Maruščáková Ivana Cingeľová , Mudroňová Dagmar , Sabolová Danica , Kello Martin , Vilková Mária , Almáši Miroslav , Huntošová Veronika , Zemek Ondřej , Vargová Zuzana 
Published: December 2020

Novel silver(i) aminoacidate complexes {[Ag(HVal)(H2O)(NO3)]}n (AgVal) and {[Ag3(HAsp)2(NO3)]}n·nH2O (AgAsp) were prepared, investigated, fully characterized and their antibacterial, anticancer and DNA cleavage activities were evaluated.
Redox-controlled syndio-specific polymerization of styrene catalyzed by ferrocenyl functionalized half-sandwich scandium complexes
Authors: Zhong Yi , Li Min , Deng Meng , Gong Mingliang , Xie Hongzhen , Luo Yunjie 
Published: December 2020

Upon activation with [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4], [Fc(1-C9H6)]Sc(CH2C6H4NMe2-o)2 is able to promote the redox-controlled syndio-specific polymerization of styrene by switching the oxidation states of Fe(ii/iii) using AgBF4 and CoCp2.
Pd/C-Catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of N–H indoles with trifluoroethanol and tetrahydroxydiboron as the hydrogen source
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Yu , Chen Xia 
Published: December 2020

Under the guidance of hydrogenation of indoles and transfer hydrogenation with tetrahydroxydiboron, Pd/C catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of N–H indoles with trifluoroethanol and tetrahydroxydiborane as the hydrogen source has been developed.
Observer‐based adaptive fault estimation and fault‐tolerant tracking control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems
Authors: Wu Yang , Zhang Guoshan , Wu Libing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of adaptive fault estimation and fault‐tolerant tracking control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with model uncertainty and process fault. By utilising the approximation abilities of fuzzy logic systems, a novel fault estimation fuzzy observer is designed to estimate the unmeasured states, nonlinear functions and process fault. Based on backstepping technologies, a adaptive fuzzy fault‐tolerant controller with the adaptive updated laws is established, which can not only ensure the prescribed tracking performances, but also effectively compensate the process fault. It is proved that all the closed‐loop signals of systems are uniformly ultimately bounded and the tracking errors can constrain to the prescribed bounds. Finally, simulation results can verify the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Prediction of limit cycle oscillations in piecewise linear systems with multiple piecewise nonlinearities
Authors: Yoon Yongeun , Johnson Eric N 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMathematical modelings of many electric and mechanical systems involve piecewise linear system. Piecewise linear system can possess a periodic solution called a limit‐cycle oscillation (LCO), which can seriously undermine the system performance. Therefore, how to analyze LCO and its parameters in piecewise linear systems is one of the primary concerns for the control and system engineers. This work presents a novel framework to predict and analyze LCO of piecewise linear systems, focused on systems with multiple piecewise nonlinearities. On top of the well‐known piecewise linear analysis, the Floquet theory is applied to identify LCO parameters and determine the stability of the LCO. The introduction of Floquet theory to piecewise linear systems is allowed through transforming piecewise nonlinearities to corresponding equivalent analytic functions. In addition, the establishment of switching equation provides another necessary condition to predict LCO parameters. An example of a realistic flight control system is taken to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of authors' framework.
Disturbance observer aided optimised fractional‐order three‐degree‐of‐freedom tilt‐integral‐derivative controller for load frequency control of power systems
Authors: Guha Dipayan , Roy Provas Kumar , Banerjee Subrata 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis work demonstrates a maiden application of a fractional‐order based three‐degree‐of‐freedom tilt‐integral‐derivative controller for escalating the load frequency control performance of power system having wind power generator integrated. The disturbance observer is housed with the proposed fractional‐order‐three‐degree‐of‐freedom‐tilt‐integral‐derivative controller to efficiently estimate the wind velocity's uncertain profile and subsequently enrich the control law. The mastery of the proposed control algorithm has been tested on multi‐area interconnected power systems by performing an extensive comparative study with other prevalent techniques reported in the state‐of‐art. Harris' Hawks optimisation is applied to explore the proposed controllers' optimum gains, exercising an integral error‐based criterion. Time response measurements of the studied test systems in the wake of load fluctuation and intermittent output of wind power generator explicitly establish the efficacy of the proposed Harris' Hawks optimisation tuned disturbance observer‐based fractional‐order‐three‐degree‐of‐freedom‐tilt‐integral‐derivative controller over its other counterparts concerning damping of system oscillations. Furthermore, the developed control system's robust stability is affirmed using Kharitonov's stability theorem, considering ±25% variation in system parameters.