bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tolerance of dinutuximab therapy for treatment of high‐risk neuroblastoma in two patients with end‐stage renal disease on dialysis
Authors: Emberesh Myesa , Rubinstein Jeremy D. , Young Jennifer , Benoit Stefanie W. , Dandoy Christopher E. , Weiss Brian D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAutologous hematopoietic cell transplant (aHCT) has a significant survival advantage in patients with high‐risk (HR) neuroblastoma. Transplant‐associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA‐TMA) is a serious complication and may result in chronic renal disease leading to delay in subsequent posttransplant therapy and limitations of treatment options. Dinutuximab represents an important therapeutic advance in the treatment of pediatric HR neuroblastoma, but historically has not been administered in patients with GFR < 60 mL/m2/min. Here, we present the safe outcome of dinutuximab administration while on renal replacement therapy in two cases of HR neuroblastoma with end‐stage renal disease secondary to TA‐TMA.
A novel carbon nanotube nanopaper polyurethane coating for fiber reinforced composite substrates
Authors: Zhang Dan , Cai Kaiyu , Pan Junjie , Lee L. James , Castro Jose M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHigh performance carbon nanotube (CNT) nanopaper (NP) reinforced polyurethane (PU) nanocomposite coating with high potential for aerospace and automotive applications was successfully fabricated and evaluated in this work. Different PU formulations were used to fabricate nanocomposites to study the effect of hard segment content on resin infiltration and nanocomposite mechanical properties. The process window of PU infiltration into the CNT NP was established by rheology measurements and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The micro‐structure morphology of the nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Uniform CNT distribution in PU matrix was observed in the high‐resolution SEM images, which indicated good resin impregnation quality. Based on mechanical properties and process window, a PU formulation was selected as matrix to fabricate NP/PU nanocomposite coating for carbon fiber/epoxy composites (CFPC) substrate. The flexural strength and impact resistance of the CFPC were significantly improved by 9% and 14.7% after applying the NP/PU nanocomposite coating. Aimed at industrial applications, a continuous nanopaper fabrication process was successfully demonstrated in this work. Through the process window study, a continuous process to fabricate nanocomposite is proposed for future scale‐up.
End‐tidal CO2 and transcutaneous CO2: Are we ready to replace arterial CO2 in awake children?
Authors: Dicembrino Manuela , Alejandra Barbieri Irene , Pereyra Carla , Leske Vivian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionArterial blood gas analysis (ABG) is the gold standard test for carbon dioxide measurement. End‐tidal PCO2 (PetCO2) and transcutaneous PCO2 (PtcCO2) are noninvasive alternative methods.ObjectiveTo examine the use of PetCO2 and PtcCO2 as PaCO2 surrogates in awake children.MethodsA prospective observational study. Consecutive awake children in a stable condition referred to the Sleep Unit of Hospital de Pediatría Dr. J. P. Garrahan with suspected or confirmed sleep‐related respiratory disorders requiring ABG were included. PetCO2 and PtcCO2 were recorded simultaneously during arterial puncture. PetCO2 and PtCO2 values were compared with PaCO2. Correlation coefficient and Bland–Altman analysis were applied. The sample size was calculated considering a mean difference ≤3 mmHg as clinically acceptable.ResultsSixty‐eight sample sets were obtained from 67 patients. The median age was 9.11 years (0.23–18.76). During 94.1% of the procedures patients breathed spontaneously, 30% needed multiple punctures and 92% resulted in pain. Median (IQR) PaCO2 (mmHg) was 36.3 (31.45; 40.90), PetCO2 33.0 (29; 39) and PtcCO2 38.8 (32.95; 43.32). Correlation and agreement for PaCO2/PetCO2 and PaCO2/PtcCO2 was r = .6 and .9, and media of bias = 2.83 (−9.97; 15.64) and −1.88 (−9.01; 5.24), respectively. Hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 45.0 mmHg) was present in 8/68 (11.8%) samples. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value to detect hypercapnia with PetCO2 was 38%, 98%, 75%, and 92%, respectively, and with PtcCO2, 100%, 90%, 57%, and 100%, respectively.ConclusionPtcCO2 showed better agreement with PaCO2 than PetCO2 but because of the wide dispersion of values, neither method can replace the gold standard. Transcutaneous CO2 might be a good screening tool to detect hypercapnia in awake children.
Genetic counseling prior to assisted reproductive technology
Authors: Katagiri Yukiko , Tamaki Yuko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundReproductive medicine deals with fertility and is closely related to heredity. In reproductive medicine, it is necessary to provide genetic information for the patients prior to assisted reproductive technology (ART). Japan Society for Reproductive Medicine (JSRM) requires doctors involved in reproductive medicine to have standard knowledge of reproductive genetics and knowledge of reproductive medicine, which is covered in their publication, “required knowledge of reproductive medicine.”MethodsWith the aim of providing straightforward explanations to patients in the clinical situation at pre‐ART counseling, we provide the following five topics, such as (a) risk of birth defects in children born with ART, (b) chromosomal abnormalities, (c) Y chromosome microdeletions (YCMs), (d) possible chromosomal abnormal pregnancy in oligospermatozoa requiring ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection), and (e) epigenetic alterations.Main findingsThe frequency of chromosome abnormalities in infertile patients is 0.595%‐0.64%. YCMs are observed in 2%‐10% of severe oligospermic men. High incidence of spermatozoa with chromosomal abnormalities has been reported in advanced oligospermia and asthenozoospermia that require ICSI. Some epigenetic alterations were reported in the children born with ART.ConclusionCertain genetic knowledge is important for professionals involved in reproductive medicine, even if they are not genetic experts.
The virome in early life and childhood and development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Faulkner Clare L. , Luo Yi Xuan , Isaacs Sonia , Rawlinson William D. , Craig Maria E. , Kim Ki Wook 
Published: December 2020

SummaryViruses are postulated as primary candidate triggers of islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes (T1D), based on considerable epidemiological and experimental evidence. Recent studies have investigated the association between all viruses (the ‘virome’) and IA/T1D using metagenomic next‐generation sequencing (mNGS). Current associations between the early life virome and the development of IA/T1D were analysed in a systematic review and meta‐analysis of human observational studies from Medline and EMBASE (published 2000–June 2020), without language restriction. Inclusion criteria were as follows: cohort and case–control studies examining the virome using mNGS in clinical specimens of children ≤18 years who developed IA/T1D. The National Health and Medical Research Council level of evidence scale and Newcastle–Ottawa scale were used for study appraisal. Meta‐analysis for exposure to specific viruses was performed using random‐effects models, and the strength of association was measured using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Eligible studies (one case–control, nine nested case–control) included 1,425 participants (695 cases, 730 controls) and examined IA (n = 1,023) or T1D (n = 402). Meta‐analysis identified small but significant associations between IA and number of stool samples positive for all enteroviruses (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00–1.29, p = 0.05; heterogeneity χ2 = 1.51, p = 0.68, I2 = 0%), consecutive positivity for enteroviruses (1.55, 1.09–2.20, p = 0.01; χ2 = 0.19, p = 0.91, I2 = 0%) and number of stool samples positive specifically for enterovirus B (1.20, 1.01–1.42, p = 0.04; χ2 = 0.03, p = 0.86, I2 = 0%). Virome analyses to date have demonstrated associations between enteroviruses and IA that may be clinically significant. However, larger prospective mNGS studies with more frequent sampling and follow‐up from pregnancy are required to further elucidate associations between early virus exposure and IA/T1D.
Adolescent stress, help‐seeking intentions, subjective achievement and life satisfaction in New Zealand: Tests of mediation, moderated mediation and moderation
Authors: Sotardi Valerie A. , Watson Penelope , Swit Cara , Roy Deepika , Bajaj Maansa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe present the results of a study examining adolescent help‐seeking intentions (HSIs), stress, subjective school achievement and life satisfaction. Using a cross‐sectional design with a sample of New Zealand adolescents (n = 1601), we tested whether HSIs could mediate or moderate relations between stress and subjective achievement, and between stress and life satisfaction. We inspected these dynamics alongside different help sources (informal and formal) and domains where stress might be experienced (school and personal). Using mediation testing, findings suggest that informal HSIs have at least some influence on the relations between stress and well‐being indicators, whereas formal HSIs did not. Conditional indirect effects for the mediation models (moderated mediation) revealed that gender and age did not moderate the relations between stress and informal HSIs, or between stress and well‐being indicators with one exception: gender moderated the relation between personal stress and informal HSIs. In most models, tests of moderation lent support for a protective‐reactive model in which HSIs reduce the adverse effects of stress on well‐being indicators. Discussion focuses on modelling and promoting help‐seeking activities across diverse support sources, and doing so earlier in life so that adolescents can benefit from well‐honed coping strategies.
Purple and Beige‐Fleshed Sweet Potato Starches Modified by Autoclaving
Authors: Paixão e Silva Giselle de Lima , Bento Juliana Aparecida Correia , Bataus Luiz Artur Mendes , Soares Júnior Manoel Soares , Caliari Márcio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this study, the effects on the morphological, functional, pasting, and thermal properties of purple (PSP) and beige (BSP)‐fleshed sweet potato starches, resulting from the application of the physical autoclave method (at 121 °C and 1.1 Kgf cm−2) under different moisture conditions and exposure times, are evaluated. The micrograph shows cracks on the surfaces of the starch granules exposed for 15 and 60 min with 30% moisture. The maximum points on the response surface graphs show that the treatment increases the initial and peak gelatinization temperatures, as well as the pasting temperature and the water absorption and solubility values. In relation to the pasting properties, there is a reduction in both the final viscosity and setback values of the autoclaved starches. Thus, the method proves to be useful for the modification of these native starches and for future research with their applications in different processed foods.
Responses of Cirrhinus mrigala to second‐generation fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin) toxicity: Assessment of antioxidants, tissue morphology, and inorganic ions
Authors: Ramesh Mathan , Sujitha Madhavan , Anila Pottanthara Ashokan , Ren Zongming , Poopal Rama Krishnan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCiprofloxacin drugs are a second‐generation fluoroquinolone highly prescribed medication against various bacterial infections in human and aquaculture practices. These drugs are chemically designed to persist in the body long enough to achieve target objectives. Extensive usage has resulted in ciprofloxacin becoming a ubiquitous contaminant in the environment. Unfortunately, the ecotoxicological profiles for ciprofloxacin are scanty. This study was aimed to assess the ecotoxicity of ciprofloxacin at environmentally relevant concentrations (1 μg/L, and 1.5 μg/L) to a cultivable fish Cirrhinus mrigala. Responses of antioxidant enzymes, histological anomalies, and inorganic ion levels were studied. SOD activity in gill, liver, and kidney tissues was elevated in ciprofloxacin‐exposed groups when compared with the control group. CAT activity was predominantly decreased in ciprofloxacin treated groups relative to the control group. GST activity in the ciprofloxacin treated groups was increased (except kidney tissues [Treatment I (1 μg/L)], and gill tissues fifteenth day) significantly (p < .05). The LPO level was elevated in the ciprofloxacin treatment groups throughout the study period (except Treatment II (1.5 μg/L) tenth day in kidney tissues). A series of histological anomalies were noticed in the gill, liver, and kidney tissues of the ciprofloxacin treated groups. Ciprofloxacin exposure caused a significant decrease of sodium, potassium, and chloride levels in the plasma of C. mrigala. A parallel among an imbalanced oxidative defense system, tissue structural changes, and alterations of plasma inorganic ions could be considered as a reliable biomarker for antibiotic toxicity study. This study could be a primary platform for further toxicity studies to understand the potential molecular impacts and adverse effects of ciprofloxacin on aquatic organisms.
Idiopathic ulcerative dermatitis in a cat with feline infectious peritonitis
Authors: Bae Hyeona , Kim Jihu , Chun Daseul , Jung Dong‐In , Park Jinho , Young Kim Dae , Yu DoHyeon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA 1‐year‐old, castrated, male, domestic short‐haired cat with pruritic, multifocal, crusted ulceration of the skin over the dorsal aspect of the neck and scapulae was presented. The cat also had a history of depression and anorexia. A causative agent for the lesion was not identified on a general dermatological examination. Histopathology revealed diffuse epidermal ulceration and loss with replacement by neutrophilic inflammation and necrotic debris. Idiopathic ulcerative dermatitis (IUD) was diagnosed based on history, physical examination and histopathology. To prevent self‐trauma and secondary bacterial infection, light bandages and glucocorticoid ointment were applied. After a month of management, the lesions markedly improved. Approximately 3 months after the initial presentation, the cat died; necropsy confirmed an IUD and non‐effusive (dry form) feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). This report describes a rare case of IUD in a cat with concurrent FIP. However, no association between IUD and FIP was found.
From image data towards microstructure information – Accuracy analysis at the digital core of materials
Authors: Eidel Bernhard , Fischer Andreas , Gote Ajinkya 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA cornerstone of computational solid mechanics in the context of digital transformation are databases for microstructures obtained from advanced tomography techniques. Uniform discretizations of pixelized images in 2D are the raw‐data point of departure for simulation analyses. This paper proposes the concept of a unified error analysis for image‐based microstructure representations in uniform resolution along with adaptively coarsened discretizations. The analysis distinguishes between a resolution error due to finite, possibly coarsened image resolution and a discretization error, and investigates their quantitative relation, spatial distributions and their impacts on the simulation results both on the microscale and the macroscale in the context of computational homogenization. The assessment of accuracy and efficiency is carried out for an exemplary two‐phase material. Beyond the example considered here the concept is a rational tool in the transformation of raw image data into microstructure information adapted to particular simulation needs and endows the digital twin of real microstructures with validated characteristics for reliable, predictive simulations.
The Kafkaesque Pursuit of ‘World Class’: Audit Culture and the Reputational Arms Race in Academia
Authors: Shore Cris , Wright Susan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSince the 1980s universities have been subjected to a seemingly continuous process of policy reforms designed to make them more economical, efficient and effective, according to yardsticks defined by governments and university managers. The pursuit of ‘excellence’, ‘international standing’ and ‘world class’ status have become key drivers of what Hazelkorn (High Educ Pol 21(2):193–215, 2008) has termed the ‘rankings arms race’ that now dominates the world of academia. These policies are changing the mission and meaning of the public university and, more profoundly, the culture of academia itself. While some authors have sought to capture and analyse these trends in terms of ‘academic capitalism’ and the ‘enterprise university model’, we suggest they might also be usefully understood theoretically as illustrations of the rise of audit culture in higher education and its effects. Drawing on ethnographic examples from the UK, Denmark and New Zealand, we ask: how are higher education institutions being reconfigured by these new disciplinary regimes of audit? How are ranking and performance indicators changing institutional behaviour and transforming academic subjectivities? What possibilities are there for alternative university futures? And what insights can anthropology offer to address these questions?
Precision calculations of the double radiative bottom-meson decays in soft-collinear effective theory
Authors: Shen Yue-Long , Wang Yu-Ming , Wei Yan-Bing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEmploying the systematic framework of soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) we perform an improved calculation of the leading-power contributions to the double radiativeBd,s-meson decay amplitudes in the heavy quark expansion by including the perturbative resummation of enhanced logarithms ofmb/ΛQCDat the next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy. We then construct the QCD factorization formulae for the subleading power contributions arising from the energetic photon radiation off the constituent light-flavour quark of the bottom meson at tree level. Furthermore, we explore the factorization properties of the subleading power correction from the effective SCET current "Image missing"at$$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}_s^0\right) $$Oαs0by virtue of the operator identities due to the classical equations of motion. The higher-twist contributions to theBd,s→ γγhelicity form factors from the two-particle and three-particle bottom-meson distribution amplitudes are evaluated with the perturbative factorization technique, up to the twist-six accuracy. In addition, the subleading power weak-annihilation contributions from both the current-current and QCD penguin operators are taken into account at the one-loop accuracy. We proceed to apply the operator-production-expansion-controlled dispersion relation for estimating the power-suppressed soft contributions to the double radiativeBd,s-meson decay form factors, which cannot be factorized into the light-cone distribution amplitudes of the heavy-meson and the resolved photon as well as the hard-scattering kernel calculable in perturbation theory canonically. Phenomenological explorations of the radiativeBd,s→ γγdecay observables in the presence of the neutral-meson mixing, including the CP-averaged branching fractions, the polarization fractions and the time-dependent CP asymmetries, are carried out subsequently with an emphasis on the numerical impacts of the newly computed ingredients together with the theory uncertainties from the shape parameters of the HQET bottom-meson distribution amplitudes.
Fate of false vacua in holographic first-order phase transitions
Authors: Bigazzi Francesco , Caddeo Alessio , Cotrone Aldo L. , Paredes Angel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Using the holographic correspondence as a tool, we study the dynamics of first-order phase transitions in strongly coupled gauge theories at finite temperature. Considering an evolution from the large to the small temperature phase, we compute the nucleation rate of bubbles of true vacuum in the metastable phase. For this purpose, we find the relevant configurations (bounces) interpolating between the vacua and we compute the related effective actions. We start by revisiting the compact Randall-Sundrum model at high temperature. Using holographic renormalization, we compute the derivative term in the effective bounce action, that was missing in the literature. Then, we address the full problem within the top-down Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto model. It displays both a confinement/deconfinement and a chiral symmetry breaking/restoration phase transition which, depending on the model parameters, can happen at different critical temperatures. For the confinement/deconfinement case we perform the numerical analysis of an effective description of the transition and also provide analytic expressions using thick and thin wall approximations. For the chiral symmetry transition, we implement a variational approach that allows us to address the challenging non-linear problem stemming from the Dirac-Born-Infeld action.
Governance models for nature-based solutions: Seventeen cases from Germany
Authors: Zingraff-Hamed Aude , Hüesker Frank , Albert Christian , Brillinger Mario , Huang Joshua , Lupp Gerd , Scheuer Sebastian , Schlätel Mareen , Schröter Barbara 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNature-based solutions (NBS) for mitigating climate change are gaining popularity. The number of NBS is increasing, but research gaps still exist at the governance level. The objectives of this paper are (i) to give an overview of the implemented NBS for flood risk management and mitigation in Germany, (ii) to identify governance models that are applied, and (iii) to explore the differences between these models. The results of a hierarchical clustering procedure and a qualitative analysis show that while no one-size-fits-all governance model exists, polycentricism is an important commonality between the projects. The study concludes by highlighting the need for further research on traditional governance model reconversion and paradigm changes. We expect the findings to identify what has worked in the past, as well as what is important for the implementation of NBS for flood risk management in future projects.
Public perception of air pollution sources across Europe
Authors: Maione Michela , Mocca Elisabetta , Eisfeld Kristina , Kazepov Yuri , Fuzzi Sandro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAir pollution is one of the primary concerns of our society for its effect on human health and the environment. Among the policy measures that can be put in place to limit air pollutant emissions, end-of-pipe technologies and/or regulatory instruments may be implemented through legislative acts. Also, equally important are behavioural measures, requiring citizens’ active involvement. The success of any measure to limit pollutant emissions requires the acceptance by the citizens that, in turn, implies a correct perception of the main pollutant emission drivers. We present here the comparison between the public perception of air pollution sources and the real-world situation through a survey carried out in seven European countries and involving 16 101 respondents. Our study shows a dramatic underestimation of the contribution of the agri-food sector to air pollution. This result is common to all respondents in the seven countries examined and only to a small extent depends on gender, age and socio-economic status of the respondents.