bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between serum levels of bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhao Chenhe , Liu Guangwang , Zhang Yao , Xu Guiping , Yi Xilu , Liang Jing , Yang Yinqiu , Liang Jun , Ma Chao , Ye Yangli , Yu Mingxiang , Qu Xinhua 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), higher risks of impaired bone metabolism are widely reported. To evaluate bone metabolism, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover levels should be included. In this article, we analyzed the relationship between them in T2DM.MethodsWe conducted a hospital‐based cross‐sectional study enrolling 1499 patients hospitalized for T2DM between October 2009 and January 2013. Multivariate linear regression models were used to identify the relationship between bone turnover markers (BTMs) and BMD levels. A two‐sided P‐value < .05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsAfter adjusting for confounding factors, osteocalcin (OC) showed a negative relationship with total lumbar, femur neck, and total hip BMD in men and women. N‐terminal propeptides of type I collagen (P1NP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed a negative association with BMD at three sites in men and total lumbar BMD in women, whereas in the femur neck and total hip in women, the relationship was only found for P1NP with total hip. For β‐C‐terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (β‐CTX), a negative relationship was also found in all three sites for BMD in men and total lumbar BMD in women, whereas β‐CTX was not associated in the femoral neck and total hip in women.ConclusionIn patients with T2DM, serum levels of OC, P1NP, β‐CTX, and ALP were negatively correlated with BMD levels in men in three sites and with total lumbar BMD in women. The relationship varied in femur neck and total hip BMD in women.
Triple negative breast cancer: microRNA expression profile and novel discriminators according to BRCA1 status
Authors: Abdel‐Sater Fadi , Najar Mehdi , Fayyad‐Kazan Hussein 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents 15% of breast carcinomas. More than 80% of women with a breast cancer associated with a breast cancer type 1 (BRCA1) mutation develop a TNBC. microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in diverse biological processes and are aberrantly expressed in several human neoplasms including breast cancer, where they function as actors of tumor onset, behavior, and progression. However, an extensive microRNA profile has not yet been determined for TNBC. Taqman low‐density arrays (TLDAs) were used to screen the expression level of 667 miRNAs in TNBC versus normal breast tissues. Our TLDA results revealed 20 differentially expressed miRNAs among which 14 (10 upregulated and four downregulated) were confirmed by an individual quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Interestingly, a novel link between BRCA1 status and miRNA expression level was identified through miR‐96 and miR‐10b that were very important discriminators between TNBC with mutated BRCA1 and TNBC with wild type BRCA1. This study promises discoveries of new pathological pathways at work in this dreadful disease and clearly warrants validation in large prospective studies with the aim of identifying novel biomarkers for diagnosis and targets for clinical interventions.
Seed morphology using SEM techniques for identification of useful grasses in Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Shafiq , Zafar Muhammad , Ahmad Mushtaq , Ali Muhammad I. , Sultana Shazia , Rashid Neelam , Butt Maryam A. , Shah Syed N. , Ozdemir Fethi A. , Kutlu Mehmet A. , Afza Rabia , Usma Anwer , Nazish Moona 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn recent study, 15 taxa of family Poaceae from Dera Ghazi Khan were investigated for morphological characterization of seeds. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to study morphological features of grass seeds. Moreover, economic importance of studied taxa has been discussed in present research. Grass seeds or caryopsis were collected in their mature state from different areas of Dera Ghazi Khan. Collected caryopses were subjected to SEM to investigate surface sculpture, epidermal cell shape, and cell wall patterns. Caryopsis shape observed was elliptic to oval. Also, the morphology of plant is being investigated. Cell wall pattern observed was straight and wavy. Surface sculpturing varies from smooth to reticulate. Epidermal cell shape was either wavy or irregular. Hilum position is terminal in all species. Epidermal cell structure and cell wall pattern was not observable in some species. Major variations among studied taxa were observed in terms of seed surface pattern. Five types of caryopsis surface pattern were observed namely, striate, smooth, reticulate, papillate, and granulate. Investigated taxa illustrated variations in terms of studied morphological features. Utilization of SEM has been proved very helpful in exploring seed morphological features. These observed features can aid in delimitation and identification of various grass taxa. Recent research recommends the utilization of SEM for caryopsis morphology to solve the identification issue of problematic grass genera.
Complications travel: A cross‐cultural comparison of the proportion of complications as a verbal cue to deceit
Authors: Vrij Aldert , Vrij Sharon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVerbal lie detection tools are almost exclusively examined in Western Europe and North America, but practitioners worldwide show interest in such tools. Because cultural differences in the efficacy of such tools may occur, it is important to examine their efficacy in different cultures. In this article, we focus on proportion of complications, which in previous research was more diagnostic than “total details” in two British samples and in three samples that each included Hispanic, Russian, and South Korean participants. In the present article, we merged the three non‐British samples and analysed the data by presenting them for each cultural group separately. Truth tellers disclosed the details of a trip away they had made, whereas liars fabricated such details. Proportion of complications discriminated truth tellers from liars in all three groups and was consistently a better indicator of veracity than total details. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Establishment and Characterization of a Recurrent Osteosarcoma Cell Line: OSA 1777
Authors: Thanindratarn Pichaya , Li Xiaoyang , Dean Dylan C. , Nelson Scott D. , Hornicek Francis J. , Duan Zhenfeng 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTOsteosarcoma (OSA) is the most common primary bone malignancy overall and is responsible for considerable adolescent mortality. Approximately 850 patients are newly diagnosed with OSA in the United States each year. While the 5‐year survival rate for localized OSA has improved from <20% over 40 years ago to over 65% today, progress has dwindled over the past three decades. Therapeutic stagnation has occurred, in part, as a result of limited preclinical models and the overall heterogeneity of OSA among patients. In this study, we report the establishment and characterization of a novel OSA cell line: OSA 1777. This cell line was isolated from the recurrent tumor specimen of a 19‐year‐old female who initially experienced 99% tumor necrosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and eventually had local recurrence and metastases. We present OSA 1777 growth characteristics, tumor markers, chemotherapeutic sensitivities, and oncogenic spheroid formation. In a two‐dimensional (2D) monolayer culture, OSA 1777 exhibited a spindle shape and 60 h doubling time. STR DNA profiling revealed a unique genomic identity not matching any existing human cancer cell lines from the ATCC or DSMZ databases. Consistent with the mesenchymal origin, western blot was positive for vimentin and negative for the carcinoma marker cytokeratin. Within three‐dimensional (3D) culture, the cells formed spheroids of similar patterning and smaller size compared with MNNG‐HOS and U2OS cell lines. The chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of OSA 1777 was evaluated in both 2D and 3D culture systems. In summary, we report OSA 1777 as a novel biological model of OSA amenable to future studies focused on OSA that recurs despite an initially strong chemotherapeutic response. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:902‐910, 2020
Biosurfactants from Waste: Structures and Interfacial Properties of Sophorolipids Produced from a Residual Oil Cake
Authors: Jiménez‐Peñalver Pedro , Koh Amanda , Gross Richard , Gea Teresa , Font Xavier 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSophorolipids (SL) are microbial biosurfactants that have entered the market as detergent and cosmetic formulation ingredients. Current research is focused on the use of wastes to decrease the final production costs of SL and the environmental impacts. SL from wastes will help to move toward the circular economy only if the SL produced this way are pure enough and as efficient as current commercial SL. This manuscript focuses on the study of the structures and the interfacial properties of a crude SL natural mixture produced by solid‐state fermentation from a residual sunflower oil cake from the oil‐refining industry. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) demonstrated that the diacetylated lactonic 18:1 SL was the most abundant SL of the mixture, followed by the correspondent acidic form. The surface tension‐lowering capacity was studied in a water–air interface at temperatures ranging from 15 to 50 °C. The minimum surface tension and critical micelle concentration were determined. The emulsion properties were similar to those obtained for the commercial nonionic surfactant Triton X‐100. The efficiency of the SL natural mixture was also proven successful for the displacement of a diesel slick. These results confirmed the effectiveness of SL produced from a real waste.
A novel radial forearm free flap design to treat pharyngoesophageal stenosis in combination with the posterior wall of the trachea
Authors: Spaulding Sarah L. , Yue Lauren E. , O'Malley Quinn F. , Sims John R. , Urken Mark L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPharyngoesophageal stenosis (PES) is a common and serious complication of head and neck cancer treatments such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, tracheoesophageal puncture placement, and total laryngectomy surgery. Dilation‐resistant stenosis requires surgical reconstruction, often with a radial forearm free flap (RFFF). With the present technique, the authors refine their previous bipaddled free flap design used to reconstruct a persistent tracheoesophageal fistulae (TEF) in combination with PES. Accordingly, we present a novel bipaddled triangular RFFF design ideally suited to address the shape of the defect in the posterior tracheal wall that results when the TEF is opened and the esophageal and tracheal components are restored.
Intraoperative Ultrasound Guidance With an Ultrasound‐Visible Clip: A Practical and Cost‐effective Option for Breast Cancer Localization
Authors: Konen John , Murphy Serena , Berkman Amy , Ahern Thomas P. , Sowden Michelle 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesIn partial mastectomy (PM) or lumpectomy, ultrasound (US) localization avoids discomfort and additional procedures associated with wire localization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between ultrasound‐visible clip (UVC) use at the time of biopsy and US use during resection, hypothesizing that UVCs facilitate US localization and reduce costs compared with traditional radiopaque clips or no clip placement.MethodsThe study population consisted of adult female patients with breast cancer undergoing PM or lumpectomy at our institution between 2014 and 2016. The core biopsy clip type and localization method during PM were characterized as wire localization versus US localization, and associations were estimated with multivariable regression models. For the cost evaluation, breast biopsy data were obtained from the Department of Radiology.ResultsAmong 674 patients, 490 had data on localization and the clip type. Ultrasound‐visible clip placement at biopsy increased US use during resection by 13% (95% confidence interval, 6%–21%). There was no difference in the total specimen weight with US versus wire localization. The cost savings for using UVCs for the 2209 patients who underwent breast biopsy from 2014 to 2016 was $36,000.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that US localization for PM is feasible at a single institution and cost‐effective when facilitated by UVCs. Placement of a UVC at the time of biopsy is recommended, as it is cost‐effective and avoids the discomfort and inconvenience of wire localization.
Single Ablative Fractional Resurfacing Laser Treatment For Forearm Actinic Keratoses: 6‐Month Follow‐Up Data From An Intrapatient Comparison Between Treated and Untreated Sites
Authors: Chen Roy , Wargo Jeffrey J. , Williams Amy , Cates Elizabeth , Spandau Dan F. , Knisely Christina , Travers Jeffrey B. 
Published: November 2019

Background and ObjectivesActinic keratoses (AK) are common pre‐cancerous lesions, which are associated with ultraviolet light exposure and aging. Wounding therapies such as fractionated laser resurfacing (FLR) have been previously demonstrated to effectively treat facial AK. However, the effectiveness of FLR on other sites commonly afflicted with AK has not been studied in detail. Previously, our group has reported that treatment of aged skin with wounding therapies including dermabrasion and ablative fractionated resurfacing results in the removal of senescent fibroblasts and normalizing the pro‐carcinogenic acute ultraviolet B radiation responses associated with aged skin. The current studies were designed to test the effectiveness of FLR of the forearm skin of subjects aged 60 and older to remove AKs.Study Design/Materials and MethodsBetween February 2018 and March 2019, 30 subjects were enrolled in a study, in which they underwent a single FLR treatment of one extremity including the dorsal forearm, wrist, and dorsal hand. The number of AKs was recorded on both extremities at baseline, 3 and 6 months in a blinded fashion. Side effects of the FLR were documented.ResultsA single FLR treatment resulted in a 62% reduction in the absolute number of AK in the treated arm at 6 months post‐treatment. The laser treatment was well‐tolerated without major complications.ConclusionsThese studies demonstrate that FLR using settings, which have demonstrated to remove senescent fibroblasts and normalize the pro‐carcinogenic UVB‐response of aged skin is a potentially effective and safe field therapy treatment that should be studied for long‐term efficacy for use in treating upper extremity AKs. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The perception of tourism in coffee‐producing equatorial countries: An empirical analysis
Authors: Casalegno Cecilia , Candelo Elena , Santoro Gabriele , Kitchen Philip 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSome scholars have emphasized the importance of food tourism in mature and certain emergent economies for growing consumption‐related products (e.g., wine, beer, rice, and tea) and attempts have been made to study tourism levers and threats in developing economies. However, to the best of our knowledge, little research has been conducted on the potential development of tourism activities centered on coffee producers and their farms in equatorial countries to determine whether a coffee tourism market is developing in these locales and if this could enhance these countries’ brand perceptions. Thus, this study explores the antecedents of the perceptions, potentialities, attitudes, and behavior of tourists specifically with regard to coffee tourism and coffee cultivation visits. To achieve our goal, we employ a quantitative method involving a survey of potential tourists. Our findings indicate that while the effects of gender and age on the perceptions of coffee cultivation visits are not significant, the effects of coffee consumption and travel in coffee‐producing countries are positive and significant. These findings help us draw some relevant theoretical and managerial implications.
Tailoring the Cavity of Hollow Polyelectrolyte Microgels
Authors: Wypysek Sarah K. , Scotti Andrea , Alziyadi Mohammed O. , Potemkin Igor I. , Denton Alan R. , Richtering Walter 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe authors demonstrate how the size and structure of the cavity of hollow charged microgels may be controlled by varying pH and ionic strength. Hollow charged microgels based on N‐isopropylacrylamide with ionizable co‐monomers (itaconic acid) combine advanced structure with enhanced responsiveness to external stimuli. Structural advantages accrue from the increased surface area provided by the extra internal surface. Extreme sensitivity to pH and ionic strength due to ionizable moieties in the polymer network differentiates these soft colloidal particles from their uncharged counterparts, which sustain a hollow structure only at cross‐link densities sufficiently high that stimuli sensitivity is reduced. Using small‐angle neutron and light scattering, increased swelling of the network in the charged state accompanied by an expanded internal cavity is observed. Upon addition of salt, the external fuzziness of the microgel surface diminishes while the internal fuzziness grows. These structural changes are interpreted via Poisson–Boltzmann theory in the cell model.
Feasibility study of a plastic scintillating plate‐based treatment beam fluence monitoring system for use in pencil beam scanning proton therapy
Authors: Jeong Seonghoon , Chung Kwangzoo , Ahn Sung Hwan , Lee Boram , Seo Jaehyeon , Yoon Myonggeun 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to describe a plastic scintillating plate‐based gantry‐attachable dosimetry system for pencil beam scanning proton therapy to monitor entrance proton beam fluence, and to evaluate the dosimetric characteristics of this system and its feasibility for clinical use.MethodsThe dosimetry system, consisting of a plastic scintillating plate and a CMOS camera, was attached to a dedicated scanning nozzle and scintillation during proton beam irradiation was recorded. Dose distribution was calculated from the accumulated recorded frames. The dosimetric characteristics (energy dependency, dose linearity, dose rate dependency, and reproducibility) of the gantry‐attachable dosimetry system for use with therapeutic proton beams were measured, and the feasibility of this system during clinical use was evaluated by determining selected quality assurance items at our institution.ResultsThe scintillating plate shortened the range of the proton beam by the water‐equivalent thickness of the plate and broadened the spatial profile of the single proton spot by 11% at 70 MeV. The developed system functioned independently of the beam energy (<1.3%) and showed dose linearity, and also functioned independently of the dose rate. The feasibility of the system for clinical use was evaluated by comparing the measured quality assurance dose distribution to that of the treatment planning system. The gamma passing rate with a criterion of 3%/3 mm was 97.58%.ConclusionsThis study evaluated the dosimetric characteristics of a plastic scintillating plate‐based dosimetry system for use with scanning proton beams. The ability to account for the interference of the dosimetry system on the therapeutic beam enabled offline monitoring of the entrance beam fluence of the pencil beam scanning proton therapy independent of the treatment system with high resolution and in a cost‐effective manner.
Simultaneous determination of artemisinin and its analogs and flavonoids in Artemisia annua crude extracts with the use of NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Kontogianni Vassiliki G. , Primikyri Alexandra , Sakka Marianna , Gerothanassis Ioannis P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractArtemisia annua is a promising and potent antimalarial herbal drug. This activity has been ascribed to its component artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone. The ability to determine artemisinin and its known analogs in plant extracts is an especially difficult task because the compounds are present in low concentrations, are thermolabile, and lack ultraviolet or fluorescent chromophores. We report herein a facile and rapid 1‐D 1H, 1‐D total correlation spectroscopy, 2‐D 1H–13C heteronuclear single quantum coherence, and 1H–13C heteronuclear multiple bond correlation nuclear magnetic resonance techniques for the simultaneous identification and quantification of artemisinin and five of its analogs along with five flavonoids, an aromatic ketone, and camphor (in total, 13 compounds) in crude diethyl ether A. annua extract without the need of laborious isolation of the individual analytes. The above method was validated in terms of precision, linearity, and limit of detection. The analytical results were found to be in excellent agreement with those obtained with the use of the time consuming high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode‐array detection and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for the compounds that standards were available.
Onset of the action of intravesical lidocaine after spinal cord injury
Authors: Solinsky Ryan , Tam Katharine , Linsenmeyer Todd A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsTo obtain objective evidence for the time to onset of action for intravesical lidocaine utilizing exaggerated sympathetic blood‐pressure responsiveness in patients with spinal cord injuries (SCI).MethodsThis prospective observational cohort study analyzed blood pressure responses in individuals with SCI at or above T6 who did (lidocaine‐instillation group) or did not (control group) receive 10 ml of 2% lidocaine gel instilled through their catheters before routine suprapubic catheter change. Care was taken to minimize any potentially confounding position change or catheter manipulation. Given the potential for C‐fiber mediated systolic blood pressure (SBP) increases after SCI, the time to lidocaine's onset of action for blocking these C‐fibers (as seen by the decrease in SBP more than and equal to 10 mm Hg) was assessed with serial blood pressures for 4 to 6 minutes.ResultsBlood pressures were evaluated in 32 individuals with SCI (lidocaine‐instillation group n = 22, control group n = 10). In the lidocaine‐instillation group, 45% individuals demonstrated a sustained decrease in SBP more than and equal to 10 mm Hg, which occurred at a mean of 98.1 seconds (SD 59 seconds) after lidocaine instillation. Despite up to 6 minutes of serial monitoring, the remainder of the lidocaine‐instillation group and the entire control group had SBP fluctuations less than 10 mm Hg. The serial mean SBPs of those who responded to lidocaine were significantly less than the remaining groups (P < .001 for both comparisons).ConclusionUtilizing lidocaine's properties to decrease sympathetic‐inducing afferents after SCI, the time to onset of action for intravesical lidocaine was found to be approximately 90 seconds. This relatively rapid initial onset on action is especially pertinent when managing autonomic dysreflexia.