bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Correlation of Serum PCT and Plasma GSN Levels with the Prognosis of Urosepsis Patients
Authors: Cui Na , Yu Zhanbiao , Chen Zhi , Chen Ning 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To explore the correlation of procalcitonin (PCT) and gelsolin (GSN) with the prognosis of urosepsis patients.
Method: The data of 71 urosepsis patients from March 2015 to April 2019 who were admitted to and treated in Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University were analyzed and compared with those of 92 healthy persons. Serum PCT and plasma GSN levels at different times after treatment were detected. According to prognosis, patients were classified into the good prognosis group or the poor prognosis group. The serum PCT and plasma GSN levels of both groups were compared.
Result: The serum PCT level of the urosepsis group on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th days was obviously higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The plasma GSN levels of the urosepsis group on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th days were obviously lower than those of the control group (P<0.05).The serum PCT level of the poor prognosis group on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th days was obviously higher than that of the good prognosis group (P<0.05). The plasma GSN level of the poor prognosis group on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th days was obviously lower than that of the good prognosis group (P<0.05). PCT was an independent risk factor influencing the prognosis of urosepsis patients and that GSN was a protective factor (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The serum PCT and plasma GSN levels can accurately predict the severity and prognosis of urosepsis patients and reflect the disease state of early urosepsis patients. High PCT levels and low GSN levels indicate poor prognosis, and clinicians should consider these values.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2143
How to cite this:Cui N, Yu Z, Chen Z, Chen N. Research on the Correlation of Serum PCT and Plasma GSN Levels with the Prognosis of Urosepsis Patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):1011-1014. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2143
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Household transmission of seasonal coronavirus infections: Results from the Flu Watch cohort study
Authors: Beale Sarah , Lewer Dan , Aldridge Robert W. , Johnson Anne M. , Zambon Maria , Hayward Andrew , Fragaszy Ellen 
Published: June 2020

Background: In the context of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, understanding household transmission of seasonal coronaviruses may inform pandemic control. We aimed to investigate what proportion of seasonal coronavirus transmission occurred within households, measure the risk of transmission in households, and describe the impact of household-related factors of risk of transmission. Methods: Using data from three winter seasons of the UK Flu Watch cohort study, we measured the proportion of symptomatic infections acquired outside and within the home, the household transmission risk and the household secondary attack risk for PCR-confirmed seasonal coronaviruses. We present transmission risk stratified by demographic features of households. Results: We estimated that the proportion of cases acquired outside the home, weighted by age and region, was 90.7% (95% CI 84.6- 94.5, n=173/195) and within the home was 9.3% (5.5-15.4, 22/195). Following a symptomatic coronavirus index case, 14.9% (9.8 - 22.1, 20/134) of households experienced symptomatic transmission to at least one other household member. Onward transmission risk ranged from 11.90% (4.84-26.36, 5/42) to 19.44% (9.21-36.49, 7/36) by strain. The overall household secondary attack risk for symptomatic cases was 8.00% (5.31-11.88, 22/275), ranging across strains from 5.10 (2.11-11.84, 5/98) to 10.14 (4.82- 20.11, 7/69). Median clinical onset serial interval was 7 days (IQR= 6-9.5). Households including older adults, 3+ children, current smokers, contacts with chronic health conditions, and those in relatively deprived areas had the highest transmission risks. Child index cases and male index cases demonstrated the highest transmission risks. Conclusion: Most seasonal coronaviruses appear to be acquired outside the household, with relatively modest risk of onward transmission within households. Transmission risk following an index case appears to vary by demographic household features, with potential overlap between those demonstrating the highest point estimates for seasonal coronavirus transmission risk and COVID-19 susceptibility and poor illness outcomes.
Dementia in prisons: the Admiral Nurse offer
Authors: Chamberlain Lucy , Dening Karen Harrison 
Published: June 2020

Background: Dementia is an increasingly common condition, affecting over 50 million people worldwide, with approximately 850 000 living with dementia in the UK. In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the number of older prisoners, many of whom may also have dementia; however, there is little in the literature about the needs of this population. This is the first in a series of clinical articles on dementia in underserved populations. Aims: To explore current literature; academic, policy and guidance to develop an understanding of what is currently known about this population. Methods: A literature review. Findings: There is insufficient data on the amount of dementia in the ageing prison population and limited research that defines the needs of this underserved population. This results in prison services often failing to meet the needs of this underserved population, with prison staff struggling in this regard due to limited knowledge, resources and training. The Prisons and Probation Ombudsman argues the failure to strategically respond to this population leads to each prison and its local healthcare providers being left to respond in a piecemeal fashion. Conclusions: This paper discusses the demographic changes related to prisoners with dementia and details how Dementia UK and Admiral Nurses can support a specialist care solution to this underserved population.
External fixation and Kirschner wires in the treatment of paediatric displaced supracondylar femur fractures
Authors: Li Jin , Yue Changjie , Wang Hai-Qiang , Guo Xikai , Chen Kailei , Ma Jiewen , Wang Jing , Tang Xin 
Published: June 2020

Purpose Kirschner-wire fixation (KF) and external fixation (EF) for the treatment of displaced supracondylar femur fractures (SFFs) were demonstrated respectively in previous reports. However, there is no paucity of convincing information on better treatment options for children. The aim of this study was to show results of KF and EF in the treatment of paediatric SFFs according to clinical and radiological outcome. Methods A retrospective analysis including 22 displaced closed SFFs was performed. A total of 12 patients were treated with KF, other ten patients were treated with EF. All patients were followed up for at least 24 months. Demographic data, surgical outcomes and postoperative knee function using the Knee Society Score (KSS) scale were evaluated in this research. Results The patients in the KF group were significantly younger than in the EF group (p < 0.001). The KF group had superiority in operative time (p = 0.001), blood loss (p = 0.027) and length of hospital stay (p = 0.001). Clinical healing outcome did not differ between the two groups. The KF group achieved radiological union in a shorter period (p < 0.001), with a better range of movement (ROM) and KSS postoperative score. Conclusion Both KF and EF can achieve excellent outcomes for paediatric SFFs. KF has many advantages in younger children. Level of Evidence IV
Imaging layer thickness of large-area graphene using reference-aided optical differential reflection technique
Authors: Hu Chunguang , Wang Hao , Shen Yongtao , Huo Shuchun , Shen Wanfu , Hu Xiaodong , Hu Xiaotang 
Published: June 2020

Transparent layers are critical for enhancing optical contrast of graphene on a substrate. However, once the substrate is fully covered by large-area graphene, there are no accurate transparent layer and reference for optical contrast calculations. The thickness uncertainty of the transparent layer reduces the analytical accuracy of graphene. Thus, in this Letter, we propose a reference-aided differential reflection (DR) method with a dual-light path. The accurate thickness of the transparent layer is obtained by improving the DR spectrum sensitivity using a designable reference. Hence, the analytical accuracy of graphene thickness is guaranteed. To demonstrate this concept, a centimeter-scale chemical-vapor-deposition-synthesized graphene was measured on a

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substrate. The thickness of underlying

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was first identified with the 1 nm resolution by the DR spectrum. Then, the thickness distribution of graphene was directly deduced from a DR map with submonolayer resolution at a preferred wavelength. The results were also confirmed by ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy. As a result, this new method provides an extra degree of freedom for the DR method to accurately measure the thickness of large-area two-dimensional materials.
Möglichkeiten der Digitalisierung zur Beratung von hochkonfigurierbaren und hochindividualisierbaren Gütern
Authors: Blunk Oliver , Brown Gordon , Prilla Michael 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Verkauf von hochkonfigurierbaren bzw. hoch-individualisierbaren Gütern ist online aktuell nicht verfügbar, da für den Kunden eine intensive Beratung notwendig ist, um passende Produkte bzw. Konfigurationen zu finden. Zusätzlich stehen Online-Beratungen vor der Herausforderung, dass Kunden unterschiedliche Konfigurationen nicht betrachten oder anfassen können, und der Berater ebenfalls nicht visualisiert wird. Weiterhin verfügen Geschäfte häufig nicht über Ausstellungsstücke, die alle unterschiedlichen Konfigurationsmöglichkeiten abdecken. Basierend auf Literatur und einer eigens in einem Möbelhaus durchgeführten ethnografischen Studie werden Anforderungen an ein System zur Online-Beratung im Kontext der Möbelbranche abgeleitet. Beispielsweise wird untersucht, inwieweit Augmented Reality als Ansatz dabei helfen kann, dass Kunden mit virtuell dargestellten Produkten interagieren können und so unterschiedliche Konfigurationen vergleichen können. Weiterhin werden unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten diskutiert, um den Kunden in diesem Umfeld zu beraten. Basierend auf den Anforderungen und unterschiedlichen Technologien wird ein Szenario erstellt, welches beschreibt, wie eine Online-Beratung durchgeführt werden könnte. Es wird der Einkaufsprozess eines fiktiven Kunden betrachtet. Zusätzlich werden auch Einschränkungen einer online-basierten Beratung diskutiert.
Clinical and Economic Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Guideline-Directed Management of Pancreatic Cysts
Authors: Lobo Jennifer M. , Scheiman James M. , Zaydfudim Victor M. , Shami Vanessa M. , Sauer Bryan G. 
Published: June 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Numerous guidelines exist for the management of pancreatic cysts. We sought to compare the guideline-directed management strategies for pancreatic cysts by comparing 2 approaches (2017 International Consensus Guidelines and 2015 American Gastroenterological Association Guidelines) that differ significantly in their thresholds for imaging, surveillance, and surgery.

METHODS:
We developed a Monte Carlo model to evaluate the outcomes for a cohort of 10,000 patients managed per each guideline. The primary outcome was mortality related to pancreatic cyst management. Secondary outcomes included all-cause mortality, missed cancers, number of surgeries, number of imaging studies, cumulative cost, and quality-adjusted life years.

RESULTS:
Deaths because of pancreatic cyst management and quality-adjusted life years were similar in both guidelines at a significantly higher cost of $3.6 million per additional cancer detected in the Consensus Guidelines. Deaths from “unrelated” causes (1,422) vastly outnumbered deaths related to pancreatic cysts (125). Secondary outcomes included more missed cancers in the American Gastroenterological Association guideline (71 vs 49), more surgeries and imaging studies in the Consensus guideline (711 vs 163; 116,997 vs 68,912), and higher cost in the Consensus guideline ($168.3 million vs $89.4 million). As the rate of malignant transformation increases, a more-intensive guideline resulted in fewer deaths related to pancreatic cyst management.

DISCUSSION:
Our study demonstrates trade-offs between more- and less-intensive management strategies for pancreatic cysts. Although deaths related to pancreatic cyst management were similar in each strategy, fewer missed cancers in the more-intensive surveillance strategy is offset by a greater number of surgical deaths and higher cost. In conclusion, our study identifies that if the rate malignant transformation of pancreatic cysts is low (0.12% annually), a less-intensive guideline will result in similar deaths to a more-intensive guideline at a much lower cost.
Early versus late initiation of GH replacement in adult-onset hypopituitarism
Authors: Postma Mark R , Burman Pia , van Beek André P 
Published: June 2020

Introduction:
Adult-onset growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) is usually the last deficiency to be substituted in hypopituitarism. In children with documented GH deficiency, treatment without delay is crucial for achieving optimal effects on growth and development. In adults, it is not known whether a delay in treatment initiation influences biochemical response and the favourable physiological effects resulting from GH replacement therapy (GHRT).

Methods:
A total of 1085 GH-deficient adults from KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database) were included, adequately replaced with all pituitary hormones except for GH at baseline. Patients were stratified by sex and age (20–50 years and ≥50 years) and subsequently divided into two groups below and above the median duration of unsubstituted AGHD for that subgroup. The median time of unsubstituted GHD for the total cohort was 2.53 years (P5 = 0.35, P95 = 24.42).

Results:
Beneficial effects of 4 years of GHRT were observed on lipids and quality of life in all subgroups. A decrease in waist circumference was observed only in older (>50 years) patients. There was no difference in IGF-I SDS and in GH dose required to normalize IGF-I in patients with a duration of unsubstituted AGHD above or below the median. No relevant differences were found between the groups for anthropometric measures, cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life scores.

Conclusion:
In contrast to GHD in children and adolescents, no difference could be established in treatment response between early or late initiation of GHRT in AGHD in terms of required GH dose, IGF-I, metabolic health and quality of life.
Teaching Evaluation Questionnaire Validation at Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Applying the Method of Factor Analysis with Extraction of Principal Components
Authors: Sánchez-Almeida Tarquino Fabián , Sandoval-Palis Iván Patricio , Gilar-Corbi Raquel , Castejón-Costa Juan Luis , Salazar-Orellana Diego Israel 
Published: June 2020

This work validates a teaching evaluation instrument applied to professors in engineering, sciences and higher technological level programs of the Escuela Politécnica Nacional, using the method of Factor Analysis with extraction of principal components. The database used for the research was previously examined and refined due to inconsistency, eg. outliers, out of range values, etc. The result of the method described above was a reduced survey of 15 items, which was obtained from an original study of 33 items. This new questionnaire clearly identifies the four main dimensions or aspects required: teaching development and planning, teacher-student relationship, evaluation, and a global assessment question. The reduction of the evaluation scale will allow to improve the process of integral teaching performance evaluation of the faculty at Escuela Politécnica Nacional, and this method could serve as a benchmark for the teaching evaluation process of other universities that belong to the higher education system of Ecuador.
DISTRIBUSI DAN KAJIAN DAMPAK RADIONUKLIDA 137Cs DI PESISIR BARAT PULAU SUMATERA
Authors: Makmur Murdahayu , Prihatiningsih Wahyu Retno , Yahya Mohamad Nur 
Published: June 2020

AbstrakTelah dilakukan penelitan mengenai distribusi dan kajian dampak radionuklida 137Cs di sepanjang pesisir barat Pulau Sumatera, mulai dari Aceh, Padang, Bengkulu dan Lampung pada tahun 2015. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat distribusi dan dampak radionuklida tersebut terhadap biota di perairan laut. Pengukuran dilakukan menggunakan spektrometri gama dimana sebelumnya dilakukan prekonsentrasi terhadap sampel air laut. Hasil pengukuran aktivitas 137Cs pada sedimen berkisar dari 0,013 Bq/Kg sampai dengan 0,589 Bq/Kg dengan rerata 0,233 Bq/Kg (n=18) dan pada air laut permukaan sebesar 0,042 Bq/m3 sampai dengan 0,205 Bq/m3 dengan rerata sebesar 0,123 Bq/m3 (n=7). Aktivitas Cs 137 yang terukur sepanjang pesisir barat Pulau Sumatera mempunyai rentang konsentrasi aktivitas yang hampir sama dengan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Lautan India lainnya dan dapat dikatakan bahwa tidak ada inputan baru dari sepanjang pesisir barat tersebut. Menggunakan program ERICA tier 2, diketahui bahwa tidak ada dampak 137Cs terhadap biota pada lokasi penelitian, karena dosis yang diterima oleh biota tersebut lebih rendah dari 1 dibandingkan dengan skrining tier 2 sebesar 10 μGy/h. Kata Kunci: Distribusi, kajian dampak,137Cs, pesisir barat Sumatera AbstractsResearch on the distribution and the impact of radionuclide 137Cs has been conducted along the west coast of Sumatra Island in 2015. The sample was collected from Aceh, Padang, Bengkulu and Lampung with aim to examine distribution and the impact of these radionuclides on marine biota. Measurements were made using gamma spectrometry after preconcentration of the sea water samples. The results of 137Cs activity measurements on sediments ranged from 0.013 Bq/Kg to 0.589 Bq/Kg with a mean of 0.233 Bq/Kg (n=18) and at sea surface water of 0.042 Bq/m3 up to 0.205 Bq/m3 with a mean of 0.123 Bq/m3 (n=7). The measurable 137Cs activity along the western coast of the island of Sumatra has an almost identical concentration of activity with the other Indian Ocean studies and can be conclude that there is no fresh input from the landbase. Using the ERICA tier 2 Programme, there was no impact of the 137Cs on the biota at the study site, while the received dose was lower than 1 compared with the 10 μGy/h screening tier 2. Keywords: Distribution, Impact Assessment, 137Cs, West Coast Sumatera
Study abroad as a space where akogare (??) circulates
Authors: Kitano Chika 
Published: June 2020

This study explores the complex dynamics of akogare, a Japanese concept describing a strong attraction to something or someone unattainable. Prior research on the dynamics of akogare in English language learning studies has largely been limited to the consideration of Japanese women’s sexual or romantic desire for the West. The classical hypothesis of gendered akogare arising from this research has led to a disproportionate representation of akogare as Japanese women’s active sexualised agency. This study scrutinises narratives derived from semi-structured interviews with seven Japanese students, male and female, who participated in study abroad programmes in the UK. Drawing from theoretical understandings of ‘materiality’ and ‘space’, the analysis observes how multifaceted akogare circulates in a study abroad setting that is influenced by learners’ linguistic and gendered relations to the West. The analysis suggests that the study abroad setting serves as a multidimensional space to (re)construct oneself through the lens of akogare as a discerning English learner who asserts cognitive distance from Western hegemony.
ENCONTRO COM UMA PAJÉ: UMA FIGURA INSULAR E DO ENTREMEIO
Authors: Júnior Fernando Alves da Silva , Silva Aline Costa da 
Published: June 2020

“A travessei a fronteira, mãe. Não retornarei”. Assim principia o romance Naescuridão, amanhã (2013) de Rogério Pereira. Era assim que gostaríamos de iniciar esse texto, texto escrito a dois. Mas sem desenvolver esses personagens belamente destroçados na escrita de Rogério, mas com esse início que nos impulsiona a ir, com a ressalva de que não pensávamos em ficar, o retorno também era finalidade. Saímos, de fato, naquela manhãquente com a promessa de regresso...
A COMUNIDADE QUILOMBOLA DE JURUSSACA E SUA (POSSíVEL) LIgAÇÃO COM O gRUPO éTNICO INDígENA JÊ
Authors: Silva Jair Francisco Cecim da 
Published: June 2020

Este artigo aborda questões relacionadas à influência indígena em comunidades quilombolas da Amazônia, mais especificamente na Comunidade Quilombola de Jurussaca, que de acordo com pesquisas sobre a morfologia territorial da comunidade possivelmente possui ligação com o grupo étnico indígena Jê. De acordo com Salles (2004), na Amazônia, é muito comum encontrar comunidades quilombolas com as mesmas características inter-étnicas de Jurussaca, pois negros escravizados fugidos do trabalho desumano que eram obrigados a realizar, nas lavouras de fazendas de Bragança ou do Maranhão, adentrando a mata, por sorte, encontravam alguma aldeia indígena, grupo étnico diferente, e até estranho, do seu, onde passava a (con)viver, inclusive maritalmente. Pesquisas em aldeias Timbiras, localizadas, predominantemente, no cerrado brasileiro, do sul do Maranhão ao norte do Tocantins (LADEIRA, 2012, p. 32), assim como em várias etnias Jê, como os Xavantes e os Xokleng, por exemplo, atestaram que as casas ficam dispostas em forma circular ou semicircular em torno de um espaço central livre, que em Jurussaca é o campo de futebol. Portanto, somadas às pesquisas que já apontam para as ligações étnico-africanas dessa Comunidade, afirma-se que Jurussaca não deve ser referenciada como afro-brasileira, mas sim como afro-indígena.
MARIERRÊ 2016
Authors: Moraes Clêre , Vila Do Carapajó Comunidade 
Published: June 2020

Vídeo produzido pela própria comunidade da Vila do Carapajó, município de Cametá-PA. Marierrê é uma manifestação artístico-cultural afro-brasileira onde anualmente nos dias 25 e 26 de dezembro são coroados rei e rainha. Sabe-se que o “Natal dos Pretos”, como era chamada a celebração, tradicionalmente acontece desde o período em que a região era um grande engenho sustentado por negros escravizados. Na oralidade de moradores mais antigos há registros de a festividade ocorrer desde o dia 24 de dezembro, e que desde sempre são compartilhados comida, bebida e muito samba de cacete. Entre a religiosidade e devoção a Nossa Senhora do Rosário e o batuque e dançar de uma melodia chorosa, alegre e ritmada há o registro etnográfico em vídeo da devoção católica de um povo que conhece um deus que sabe dançar. A coroa da rainha simbolicamente é a Nossa Senhora do Rosário e a “original” está guardada juntamente com todos os registros desde 1945 na casa da guardiã da festividade. No primeiro dia a festividade à Nossa Senhora do Rosário e Marierrê se inicia com ladainhas em latim e procissões batucadas nas ruas e casas dos reis e rainhas, no segundo dia, em uma missa matinal rei e rainha são simbolicamente coroados e a festividade continua nas casas das famílias dos coroados com almoço, desimbirra (tradicional bebida a base de gengibre ou jenipapo, etc) e o batuque do samba de cacete, com uma dança graciosa e envolvente. Toda a comunidade da Vila do Carapajó está envolvida com a festa que promete não se acabar, pois há agendamentos de coroação de rei e rainha para até 2025! “O Rei com a Rainha mandou convidar: Vamo pro Rosário levar Mãe de Deus!”Assista aqui.