bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multilevel theorizing in international business: the case of research on strategy implementation in MNCs
Authors: Šilenskytė Aušrinė , Smale Adam 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to illustrate why an understanding of how levels of analysis interact is an essential part of multilevel research in the field of international business (IB). Using research on strategy implementation (SI) in multinational corporations (MNCs) as an example, this paper develops a taxonomy and research agenda that demonstrates the key role critical scholars can play in advancing multilevel theorization.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on the assumptions of methodological collectivism and individualism, the paper presents a four-step framework: defining the theoretical boundaries of the selected subject; juxtaposing theoretical arguments with empirical work; identifying single- and multi-level theories; and developing a research agenda.

Findings
Research on SI in MNCs has been dominated by one type of theorizing that focuses on the designs of organizational systems or the power of institutions. Multilevel theorization grounded in methodological individualism would offer new knowledge by including the views of under-represented stakeholders, questioning the justice of established systems and overall implications of MNC operations.

Research limitations/implications
The proposed four-step framework encourages scholars to adopt a systematic approach to multilevel theorizing and draw upon the untapped potential of IB theories.

Originality/value
The paper contributes to the IB field by introducing an approach to assessing IB research from a multilevel theorizing perspective. The actionable research agenda on SI and the taxonomy of SI research can assist scholars in making aligned choices on study design and envisioning research questions that yield meaningful contributions to theory and practice.
The proximity between Latin countries regarding customer's expectations about the hotel service
Authors: Franco Mara , Meneses Raquel 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe main purpose of this research is to understand if customers from countries with alleged similar culture expect services dimensions equally and to understand the level of proximity among those countries.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative methodology was used to test the level of proximity in customers' expectations about a service among different countries with alleged similar cultural patterns and if these customers share similar expectations about a set of service dimensions. This transnational research regarded the hotel service and data were collected from ten Latin countries: Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Romania, Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay, Bolivia and Chile. About 1262 customers answered a questionnaire about their expectations about service dimensions of the hotel service.FindingsFindings show that Latin customers' expectations about services are not equal and that there is a low level of proximity or similarity of customers' expectations about service among Latin countries.Research limitations/implicationsResearch was applied in one group of Latin countries that revealed a low level of proximity of customer's expectations about the hotel service. Further attempts should be made to expand research to additional Latin countries in order to allow understanding if the proximity level rises, decreases or maintains.Originality/valueThe major contribution was to use a cross-cultural approach to understand the level of proximity between the Latin countries in terms of customer's expectations about service dimensions, as these countries are frequently clustered into one group and customer's expectations are presumed to also be similar.
Whose books? The Harvard-Yenching Institute's library and the question of academic imperialism
Authors: Qing Liu 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis essay focuses on the Chinese-Japanese Library of the Harvard-Yenching Institute and examines how the Library collected and transported Chinese rare books to the United States during the 1930 and 1940s. It considers Harvard's rationale for its collection of Chinese books and tensions between Chinese scholars and the Harvard-Yenching Institute leaders and librarians over the purchase and “export” of Chinese books.Design/methodology/approachThis research is a historical study based on archival research at Harvard-Yenching Institute and the Harvard-Yenching Library, as well as careful readings of published primary and secondary sources.FindingsBy examining the debates that surrounded the ownership of Chinese books, and the historical circumstances that enabled or hindered the cross-national movement of books, this essay uncovers a complex and interwoven historical discourse of academic nationalism, internationalism and imperialism.Originality/valueDrawing upon the unexamined primary sources and published second sources, this essay uncovers a complex and interwoven historical discourse of academic nationalism, internationalism and imperialism.
Financial Citizenship Perception (FCP) Scale: proposition and validation of a measure
Authors: Vieira Kelmara Mendes , Delanoy Marcelo Matzenbacher , Potrich Ani Caroline Grigion , Bressan Aureliano Angel 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to propose and validate a Financial Citizenship Perception Scale from the perspective of the citizen.Design/methodology/approachAn instrument was applied in Brazil, whose dimensions and items were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis techniques and hierarchical cluster analysis.FindingsThe scale proposed in the study allows for the development of an indicator that defines whether an individual has a high or low level of financial citizenship, being represented by the dimensions of financial inclusion, financial protection and financial literacy.Practical implicationsThe methodology for standardizing the application of the Financial Citizenship Perception Scale is presented to allow researchers, managers and public policy makers to use the indicator to assess citizens' perception of financial citizenship.Originality/valueFinancial citizenship is a recurring theme in the formulation of recommendations, standards and instructions by international organizations and central banks in different countries. However, the literature on the topic still focuses on proposing indicators of financial citizenship obtained from secondary data.
Growth threshold-effect on renewable energy consumption in major oil-producing countries in sub-Saharan Africa: a dynamic panel threshold regression estimation
Authors: Abdulqadir I.A. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This study aims to explore the relationship between the growth threshold effect on renewable energy consumption (REC) in the major oil-producing countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over the period 1990–2018.

Design/methodology/approach
This article used a dynamic panel threshold regression model introduced by Hansen (1996, 1999 and 2000) threshold (TR) models. The procedure is achieved using 5,000 bootstrapping replications and the grid search to obtain the asymptotic distribution and p-values. For the long-run relationship among our variables, the author followed the process in Pesaran et al. (1999) pooled mean group (PMG) for heterogeneous panels. Furthermore, for the robustness of our empirical results due to the sensitivity of the results to outliers, the author used the approach by Cook (1979) distance measure. The author applied quantile (QR) regression to explore the distribution of dependent variables following Bassett and Koenker (1982) and Koenker and Bassett (1978) approaches.

Findings
The results from the threshold effect test and threshold regression revealed a significant single threshold effect of growth level on REC. Furthermore, the result from the PMG estimation showed the growth of the variable, energy intensity, consumer prices and CO2 emissions play a significant role in REC in major oil-producing countries in SSA. The growth threshold estimation results indicated one significant threshold value of 1.013% at one period lagged of real growth. The outlier’s sensitivity detention greatly influenced our empirical results.

Originality/value
The article filled the literature gap by applying a combined measure that is robustness to detect outliers in the data, which none of the studies in the literature addresses hitherto. Further, the article extends the quantile regression to growth – REC literature.
Initiation of capital projects in industries having an operational focus: an Australian stevedoring case example
Authors: Aldaghlas Haya , Hui Felix Kin Peng , Duffield Colin Fraser 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe initiation phase of capital projects is critical as this is where the highest number of options exist for modifying the project with minimal expenditure. Government and large organisations frequently involved in major capital projects have extensive procedures for this phase, yet organisations having an operational focus (like major container terminal stevedores), that only occasionally undertake capital projects face the dilemma of the trade-off between project planning and the management of operations. This research reported in this paper investigated the impact of industry operational considerations on the initiation of capital projects.Design/methodology/approachIn addition to an extensive literature review, a living research investigation of real projects initiated by a stevedoring company operating in Australia has been observed; the primary author of this paper spent six months as a participant/observer and witnessed the initiation of 12 capital projects. The collected data was qualitatively analysed using a four-step coding method.FindingsThe findings confirm that project initiation is a challenge for organisations who only spasmodically undertake capital projects and available project management frameworks do not necessarily consider the impact of such an organisation's culture. Issues identified that may have a negative impact on the initiation phase include lack of workplace trust, high individualism, ineffective interdepartmental communication, lack of resources and engineering and safety complexity.Originality/valueThe study investigated an underexplored industry within the context of project initiation, using the Australian stevedoring as a case study. This initial investigation suggests that a tailored project management framework is needed for the initiation phase of projects to reflect the unique nature of the stevedoring industry and by inference other industries that have a strong operational focus.
Social capital as a source of happiness: evidence from a cross-country analysis
Authors: Majeed Muhammad Tariq , Samreen Isma 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of social capital on happiness. The previous literature generally measures social capital using “generalized trust”, which is a narrow dimension of social capital. In this study, social capital is measured as a multidimensional concept consisting of generalized trust, institutional trust and trust on family, neighborhood and strangers.Design/methodology/approachThis study explores the relationship between social capital and average happiness using a panel data of 89 countries from 1980 to 2017. The empirical analysis is done by employing pooled OLS (POLS), fixed effects method (FEM), random effects method (REM) and system generalized method of moments.FindingsThe findings demonstrate that all measures of social capital are positively associated with happiness while comparatively institutional trust and generalized trust appear more significant for happiness. The findings are robust to different robustness checks. The findings document the importance of social capital for average happiness.Research limitations/implicationsThe research has certain limitations. First, the objective of study was to cover global sample of countries, however, the data series were not available for all countries. Second, the empirical is restricted to global evidence instead of exploring separate estimates for developed and developing world.Originality/valueThe findings document the importance of social capital for average happiness. The awareness of the importance of social capital needs to be increased. Government can develop such organizations or institutions that are conducive for social capital development.
Dynamic categorization of 3D objects for mobile service robots
Authors: Rios-Cabrera Reyes , Lopez-Juarez Ismael , Maldonado-Ramirez Alejandro , Alvarez-Hernandez Arturo , Maldonado-Ramirez Alan de Jesus 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to present an object detection methodology to categorize 3D object models in an efficient manner. The authors propose a dynamically generated hierarchical architecture to compute very fast objects’ 3D pose for mobile service robots to grasp them.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology used in this study is based on a dynamic pyramid search and fast template representation, metadata and context-free grammars. In the experiments, the authors use an omnidirectional KUKA mobile manipulator equipped with an RGBD camera, to localize objects requested by humans. The proposed architecture is based on efficient object detection and visual servoing. In the experiments, the robot successfully finds 3D poses. The present proposal is not restricted to specific robots or objects and can grow as much as needed.

Findings
The authors present the dynamic categorization using context-free grammars and 3D object detection, and through several experiments, the authors perform a proof of concept. The authors obtained promising results, showing that their methods can scale to more complex scenes and they can be used in future applications in real-world scenarios where mobile robot are needed in areas such as service robots or industry in general.

Research limitations/implications
The experiments were carried out using a mobile KUKA youBot. Scalability and more robust algorithms will improve the present proposal. In the first stage, the authors carried out an experimental validation.

Practical implications
The current proposal describes a scalable architecture, where more agents can be added or reprogrammed to handle more complicated tasks.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this study resides in the dynamic categorization scheme for fast detection of 3D objects, and the issues and experiments carried out to test the viability of the methods. Usually, state-of-the-art treats categories as rigid and make static queries to datasets. In the present approach, there are no fixed categories and they are created and combined on the fly to speed up detection.
Knowledge search breadth and depth and OI projects performance: a moderated mediation model of control mechanism
Authors: Wang Changfeng , Brunswicker Sabine , Majchrzak Ann 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effects of project-level external knowledge search breadth and search depth on the innovation performance of open innovation (OI) projects in large firms; it further considers these effects mediated by two forms of control mechanisms (process and outcome control) when the level of project complexity and the two stages of a project – early (problem definition) and late (solution development) – are taken into account.Design/methodology/approachBased on a survey of 187 managers responsible for an OI project, the authors use theory on behavioral-based control mechanisms to explore whether the effect of external knowledge search breadth and depth on OI performance is contingent on having the right levels of control mechanisms in place.FindingsThe results showed that the control mechanism mediates the relationship between external knowledge search breadth and depth and OI project performance. Furthermore, project complexity is an important moderator of these effects, especially for outcome control.Originality/valueA better OI project’s performance is not achieved by external knowledge search breadth and depth alone, but by building process and outcome control mechanism on it to balance knowledge sharing and protecting tension. Furthermore, Outcome control is only helpful with less complex OI projects.
Analysis on the research progress of library and information science since the new century
Authors: Song Yanhui , Wei Kaiyang , Yang Siluo , Shu Fei , Qiu Junping 
Published: December 2020

PurposeLibrary science and information science, two subdisciplines of library and information science (LIS), are developed independently but interconnectedly. In this information age, LIS is in a special period of transformation and development, which has caused some changes in both library science and information science. By accurately capturing these changes and analyzing them, the authors can effectively map the development of LIS in the new century, thus providing a reference for the evolution and development of the field. The purposes of this paper are to explore the mainstream research fields and frontiers of library science and information science, respectively, since the new century, and to make a comparative analysis of the two subdisciplines.Design/methodology/approachBy using CiteSpace to visualize LIS journals, this study draws knowledge maps of the two subdisciplines of LIS through the co-occurrence descriptors network. Using burst detection algorithm, this study detects words of high frequency variation by investigating the time frequency distribution.FindingsThe results show that the research focus of library science has experienced a change from traditional to digital library while information science has moved from information to data focus. This study also finds the similarities and differences between mainstream areas of library science and information science.Originality/valueThis study focuses on the evolution of library science and information science, and explores their mainstream research fields and frontiers in the 21st century. These findings will promote the transformation and development of LIS as well as provide research directions for scholars in the field.
Uncovered pathways: Modelling dispersal dynamics of ship‐mediated marine introduced species
Authors: Letschert Jonas , Wolff Matthias , Kluger Lotta Clara , Freudinger Christian , Ronquillo John , Keith Inti 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Marine traffic is the main vector for marine non‐indigenous species (NIS) that may hitchhike in ballast water tanks or attached to vessel hulls. Understanding marine traffic dynamics and estimating the associated risk of NIS dispersal reveals points of leverage for preventive NIS management. This study presents a method to quantify the risk of ship hull fouling‐mediated NIS dispersal and identifies main dispersal hubs in marine traffic networks. We use the Galapagos Marine Reserve (GMR) as a case study to test the applicability of this method.

Ship position data derived from the automatic identification system (AIS) served as a basis for a network consisting of nodes (moorings and anchorages) and edges (ship routes). Wetted surface areas (WSA) describe the parts of vessel hulls submerged by water and were used to parameterize dispersal risks of individual vessels. We combined the constructed network with a numeric dispersal model and sequentially removed network elements to test their effectiveness on decreasing the overall dispersal capacity.

Marine traffic hotspots, such as ports and popular marine visitor sites, represented the main dispersal hubs and incoming edges into the GMR crucial links for the overall dispersal capacity. The removal of passenger vessels had the strongest effect on the overall dispersal capacity, reducing it to 1%.

Based on our findings, we suggest management recommendations to curb the spread of marine NIS in the GMR, including the implementations of (a) vessel hull controls at main dispersal hubs (ports); (b) species monitoring programmes at popular marine visitor sites and (c) hull husbandry regulations for passenger vessels.

Synthesis and application. In an increasingly connected world, the development of risk assessments for marine non‐indigenous species (NIS) dispersal is a crucial step towards the sustainable use and protection of marine ecosystems in Galapagos and other places. The presented methodology is solely based on the pathway component and thus applicable to any place with available ship position data. Therefore, it may provide useful baseline information for preventive measurements especially in places where ecological data about NIS are scarce.
Evolutionary trait‐based approaches for predicting future global impacts of plant pathogens in the genus Phytophthora
Authors: Barwell Louise J. , Perez‐Sierra Ana , Henricot Beatrice , Harris Anna , Burgess Treena I. , Hardy Giles , Scott Peter , Williams Nari , Cooke David E. L. , Green Sarah , Chapman Daniel S. , Purse Bethan V. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Plant pathogens are introduced to new geographical regions ever more frequently as global connectivity increases. Predicting the threat they pose to plant health can be difficult without in‐depth knowledge of behaviour, distribution and spread. Here, we evaluate the potential for using biological traits and phylogeny to predict global threats from emerging pathogens.

We use a species‐level trait database and phylogeny for 179 Phytophthora species: oomycete pathogens impacting natural, agricultural, horticultural and forestry settings. We compile host and distribution reports for Phytophthora species across 178 countries and evaluate the power of traits, phylogeny and time since description (reflecting species‐level knowledge) to explain and predict their international transport, maximum latitude and host breadth using Bayesian phylogenetic generalised linear mixed models.

In the best‐performing models, traits, phylogeny and time since description together explained up to 90%, 97% and 87% of variance in number of countries reached, latitudinal limits and host range, respectively. Traits and phylogeny together explained up to 26%, 41% and 34% of variance in the number of countries reached, maximum latitude and host plant families affected, respectively, but time since description had the strongest effect.

Root‐attacking species were reported in more countries, and on more host plant families than foliar‐attacking species. Host generalist pathogens had thicker‐walled resting structures (stress‐tolerant oospores) and faster growth rates at their optima. Cold‐tolerant species are reported in more countries and at higher latitudes, though more accurate interspecific empirical data are needed to confirm this finding.

Policy implications. We evaluate the potential of an evolutionary trait‐based framework to support horizon‐scanning approaches for identifying pathogens with greater potential for global‐scale impacts. Potential future threats from Phytophthora include Phytophthora x heterohybrida, P. lactucae, P. glovera, P. x incrassata, P. amnicola and P. aquimorbida, which are recently described, possibly under‐reported species, with similar traits and/or phylogenetic proximity to other high‐impact species. Priority traits to measure for emerging species may be thermal minima, oospore wall index and growth rate at optimum temperature. Trait‐based horizon‐scanning approaches would benefit from the development of international and cross‐sectoral collaborations to deliver centralised databases incorporating pathogen distributions, traits and phylogeny.