bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small mammals of a West African hotspot, the Ziama-Wonegizi-Wologizi transfrontier forest landscape
Authors: Mamba Mnqobi L. , Dalton Desire L. , Mahlaba Themb’alilahlwa A. M. , Kropff Anna S. , Monadjem Ara 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Upper Guinea rainforest zone in West Africa is considered a biodiversity hotspot and contains important habitats for threatened and endemic mammals, yet this region remains poorly known particularly for small mammals. The aim of this study was to survey small mammals in a Liberian and Guinean cross-border conservation area, the Ziama-Wonegizi-Wologizi landscape. We recorded a total of 52 small mammal species, including 26 bats, 15 rodents, 10 shrews, one otter-shrew, of which one rodent species was new to science (Colomys sp. nov.). We also documented the first country records of the bats Chaerephon aloysiisabaudiae, Pseudoromicia brunnea and Pipistrellus inexspectatus from Guinea, and the shrews Crocidura douceti and Crocidura grandiceps from Liberia. Furthermore, we recorded the recently described bat Nycticeinops
happoldorum from Wologizi and Ziama, and we documented the presence of Micropotamogale lamottei at Wologizi, which represents the fourth known locality for this globally threatened species. Finally, the forests of Wologizi and Ziama support numerous threatened species. The results of our survey demonstrate the importance of this region for small mammals and support the creation of a transboundary protected area that will encompass the entire forest landscape.
Fast marching based superpixels
Authors: Chang Kaiwen , Figliuzzi Bruno 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this article, we present a fast-marching based algorithm for generating superpixel (FMS) partitions of images. The idea behind the algorithm is to draw an analogy between waves propagating in a heterogeneous medium and regions growing on an image at a rate depending on the local color and texture. The FMS algorithm is evaluated on the Berkeley Segmentation Dataset 500. It yields results in terms of boundary adherence that are slightly better than the ones obtained with similar approaches including the Simple Linear Iterative Clustering, the Eikonal-based region growing for efficient clustering and the Iterative Spanning Forest framework for superpixel segmentation algorithms. An interesting feature of the proposed algorithm is that it can take into account texture information to compute the superpixel partition. We illustrate the interest of adding texture information on a specific set of images obtained by recombining textures patches extracted from images representing stripes, originally constructed by Giraudet al.[20]. On this dataset, our approach works significantly better than color based superpixel algorithms.
Remarks on some generalization of the notion of microscopic sets
Authors: Karasińska Aleksandra 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We consider properties of defined earlier families of sets which are microscopic (small) in some sense. An equivalent definition of considered families is given, which is helpful in simplifying a proof of the fact that each Lebesgue null set belongs to one of these families. It is shown that families of sets microscopic in more general sense have properties analogous to the properties of the σ-ideal of classic microscopic sets.
Computation of several Hessenberg determinants
Authors: Qi Feng , Kouba Omran , Kaddoura Issam 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the paper, employing methods and techniques in analysis and linear algebra, the authors find a simple formula for computing an interesting Hessenberg determinant whose elements are products of binomial coefficients and falling factorials, derive explicit formulas for computing some special Hessenberg and tridiagonal determinants, and alternatively and simply recover some known results.
Crystal structure of benzanthrone – a redetermination for correct molecular geometry and localization of hydrogen atoms
Authors: Manana Pholani , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C17H10O, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.0604(12) Å, b = 14.672(3) Å, c = 14.846(3) Å, V = 1102.2(4) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0432, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1022, T = 200(2) K.
Crystal structure of bis(amino(carbamothioylamino)methaniminium) 5-hydroxyisophthalate monohydrate, C12H20N8O6S2
Authors: Chen Kun , Shi Yanmei , Zhu Xin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C12H20N8O6S2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 15.8571(11) Å, b = 7.6581(5) Å, c = 16.9166(12) Å, β = 113.334(1)°, V = 1886.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0317, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1053, T = 298 K.
Crystal structure of (E)-2-(4-ethoxycarbonyl-3,5-dimethyl-2-(pyrrole-2-ylmethyleneamino)-3′,6′-dihydroxylspiro[isoindoline-1,9′-xanthen]-3-one-methanol (1/1), C31H29N3O7
Authors: Zhang Ling , Wu Wei-Na , Wang Yuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C31H29N3O7, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 13.6280(14) Å, b = 14.4801(15) Å, c = 14.4962(15) Å, β = 97.586(2)°, V = 2835.6(5) Å3, Z = 4 R

gt
(F) = 0.0532, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1569, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of N-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)hexanamide, C13H16F3NO
Authors: Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C13H16F3NO, triclinic, P

1
‾

$&#x203e;{1}$

(no. 2), a = 4.7889(4) Å, b = 11.7867(10) Å, c = 12.5323(11) Å, α = 100.762(5)°, β = 100.232(4)°, γ = 100.683(4)°, V = 666.19(10) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0531, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1760, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of 4-bromo-N′-[(3-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide, C14H7Br2N2O2
Authors: Xu Xindi , Tian Hui , Wang Xia , Wang Man , Wu Qiong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
C14H7Br2N2O2, triclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 4.8308(2) Å, b = 6.1438(2) Å, c = 23.0836(9) Å, β = 91.0784(14)°, V = 684.99(4) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0477, wR
ref
(F
2) = 0.1108, T = 150.0 K.

CCDC No.: 2043231
Dankbarkeit und religiöser Glaube
Authors: von Sass Hartmut 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Aufsatz entwickelt drei zusammenhängende Thesen: 1) Wir haben es mit zwei Konzepten der Dankbarkeit zu tun – eine Differenz, die mit der Unterscheidung zwischen ‚danken, dass x‘ (material) und ‚dankbar sein‘ oder ‚in Dankbarkeit leben‘ (modal) eingefangen wird; 2) der erste Begriff, danken, dass x oder für x, kann als ein spezieller Sprechakt charakterisiert werden, während der zweite Begriff, dankbar sein, eine tugendhafte Haltung darstellt; 3) der Vergleich zwischen säkularen und religiösen Kontexten des Dankens fördert zudem wichtige grammatische Differenzen zwischen beiden Konzepten zutage. Alle drei Thesen sind nicht voneinander getrennt, sondern artikulieren gemeinsam, dass Dankbarkeit eine bestimmte Weise unseres In-der-Welt-Seins darstellt – ohne Gott oder coram Deo.
Evaluation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in some edible flowers
Authors: Gonçalves Fernando , Gonçalves João Carlos , Ferrão Ana Cristina , Correia Paula , Guiné Raquel P. F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecently, edible flowers (EF) have aroused increased interest because of their aesthetic properties as well as potential health benefits related to the occurrence of some bioactive compounds. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the total phenolics, anthocyanins, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity (AOA) (following DPPH and ABTS methods) in eleven EF. The samples were subjected to three successive extraction steps using methanol, and these extracts were then analysed for the aforementioned properties using spectrophotometric methods. The obtained extracts were used for the quantification of phenolic composition and AOA. The results indicated that, among the flowers analysed in this study, red rose, pink rose, and red carnation possessed the highest total phenolic contents (27.53, 23.30, and 18.17 mg g−1gallic acid equivalents, respectively), total anthocyanins (3.07, 1.97, and 4.47 mg g−1catechin equivalents [CE], respectively), and AOA (12.07, 15.77, and 12.93 mg g−1TE, respectively, as given by the DPPH method or 8.23, 9.27 and 8.00 mg g−1TE, respectively, as given by the ABTS method). The flowers with highest flavonoids contents were red carnation, Mexican marigold, and pink rose (17.50, 16.90, and 16.57 mg g−1CE, respectively). Cluster analysis grouped the analysed flowers into two groups, those richest in phenolics with AOA and those not so rich. Finally, some important correlations were observed between the total phenolics and the AOA. In conclusion, these flowers could represent a potential source of natural compounds with antioxidant capacity.
Colorants in plastic applications
Authors: Pfaff Gerhard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This review article is a summary of the current knowledge in the field of plastic coloring. Plastics belong as well as paints, coatings, printing inks, and cosmetic formulations to the most important application systems for colorants, both for pigments and dyes. Colorants have to meet increasing demands in plastic applications due to the growing number of polymers with specific properties. Crucial factors besides the plastic type are the processing method and the required fastness level. Among the most important polymers for coloring with pigments and dyes are polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyester, and elastomers. Different processing methods are used for coloring of the individual plastics. The coloring processes need to be coordinated in accordance with the steps of the plastics processing leading to the final product.
Artificial intelligence in the modeling of chemical reactions kinetics
Authors: Staszak Maciej 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The work presents a selection of recent papers in the field of modeling chemical kinetics by the use of artificial intelligence methods. Due to the fact that kinetics of the chemical reaction is the key element of industrial reactor design and analysis, the work is focused on the presentation of the quality of modeling, the assembly of neural network systems and methods of training required to achieve acceptable results. The work covers a wide range of classes of chemical processes and modeling approaches presented by several authors. Because of the fact that the methods of neural networks training require huge amounts of data, many approaches proposed are intrinsically based on classical kinetics modeling like Monte Carlo methods, quantum ab initio models or classical Arrhenius-like approaches using mass balance rate equations. The work does not fully exhaust the area of artificial intelligence because of its very broad scope and very fast evolution, which has been greatly accelerated recently. However, it is a contribution to describing the current state of science in this field.
Süchtig nach immer noch mehr Arbeit – Der schmale Grat zwischen Erfüllung und Überforderung
Authors: Häseli Stefan 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Nicht mehr ohne Arbeit sein können. Ein hohes Verlangen nach einer Tätigkeit entwickeln. Sich selbst etwas beweisen müssen. Und Anerkennung alleine durch den Job suchen. Das sind Merkmale von Workaholismus. Was mit Engagement und überdurchschnittlich vielen Tätigkeiten beginnt, kann in Arbeits- und Leistungssucht münden. Wer dann auch noch seinen persönlichen Wert und das Selbstwertgefühl an die eigene Arbeitsleistung knüpft, zeigt alle Anzeichen dieser Suchtform. Zwang zum Perfektionismus, Überforderung, Stress und sogar Burnout können die Folgen sein. Statt Priorisierung und Abgrenzung gibt es dann nur noch Sonderschichten und Mehrarbeit, so dass der Arbeitssüchtige in dieser Dauerschleife gefangen ist.
Preparation of magnetized iron oxide grafted on graphene oxide for hyperthermia application
Authors: Umar Ahmad Abulfathi , Abdul Patah Muhamad Fazly , Abnisa Faisal , Daud Wan Mohd Ashri Wan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) is a highly promising therapeutic modality for the treatment of different kinds of cancers and malignant tumors. The therapy is based on the concept that; iron oxide nanoparticles deposited at cancer sites can generate heat when exposed to an alternating current magnetic field or near infrared radiation and consequently destroying only the cancer cells by exploiting their vulnerability to heat. The fact that the treatment is at molecular level and that iron oxide nanoparticles provide more guided focus heating justifies its efficacy over treatment such as surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Nevertheless, the spread of MHT as the next-generation therapeutics has been shadowed by insufficient heating especially at the in vivo stage. This can be averted by modifying the iron oxide nanoparticle structure. To this end, various attempts have been made by developing a magnetic hybrid nanostructure capable of generating efficient heat. However, the synthesis method for each component (of the magnetic hybrid nanostructure) and the grafting process is now an issue. This has a direct effect on the performance of the magnetic hybrid nanostructure in MHT and other applications. The main objective of this review is to detail out the different materials, methods and characterization techniques that have been used so far in developing magnetic hybrid nanostructure. In view of this, we conducted a comprehensive review and present a road map for developing a magnetic hybrid nanostructure that is capable of generating optimum heat during MHT. We further summarize the various characterization techniques and necessary parameters to study in validating the efficiency of the magnetic hybrid nanostructure. Hopefully, this contribution will serve as a guide to researchers that are willing to evaluate the properties of their magnetic hybrid nanostructure.
The influence of hydrophobicity on Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts
Authors: Okoye-Chine Chike George , Moyo Mahluli , Hildebrandt Diane 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We review scientific works carried out on the influence of surface hydrophobicity on activity and product selectivity of supported cobalt and iron catalysts during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS). The characteristics of the surface of catalyst support may influence metal-support interactions, which leads to various degrees of metal dispersion and reducibility. Also, these support surface properties may influence the mass transfer of reactants and products at the catalyst active sites and subsequently affects the performance of the catalyst during FTS. Pre-silylated and post-silylated catalysts have been used to study the influence of surface hydrophobicity on the performance of FTS catalysts. The enhancement of FTS activity by hydrophobicity was mainly ascribed to the improved reducibility of metal oxide species. Furthermore, post-silylated supported iron catalysts favoured the suppression of water-gas shift (WGS) reaction, thereby hindering CO2 formation.
Current knowledge on urease and nitrification inhibitors technology and their safety
Authors: Ray Aishwarya , Nkwonta Chikere , Forrestal Patrick , Danaher Martin , Richards Karl , O’Callaghan Tom , Hogan Sean , Cummins Enda 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Objective
Urea is one of the most widely used commercial fertilisers worldwide due to its high N density and cost effectiveness. However, it can be lost in the form of gaseous ammonia and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions which can potentially lead to environmental pollution. Farmers are compelled to apply more urea to account for those losses, thereby increasing their expenditure on fertilization. The objective of this paper is to present a literature review on current knowledge regarding inhibitor technologies such as urease inhibitor; n-(N-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT), and nitrification inhibitor; dicyandiamide (DCD).

Methods
A thorough review of all the scientific literature was carried out and a proposed risk assessment framework developed.

Results
The study showed that the urease inhibitor NBPT significantly reduced NH3 loss from urea. However, concerns about NBPT safety to human health had been raised when the nitrification inhibitor DCD appeared as a residue in milk. This article presents a risk assessment framework for evaluating human exposure to chemicals like NBPT or DCD, following the consumption of foods of animal origin (e.g. milk) from cows grazing on inhibitor-treated pasture.

Conclusion
The EU’s target of a 40% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 can be aided by using NBPT as part of an overall suite of solutions. A comprehensive risk assessment is advised for effective evaluation of potential risks from exposure to these inhibitors.
Semi-Lagrangian exponential time-integration method for the shallow water equations on the cubed sphere grid
Authors: Shashkin Vladimir V. , Goyman Gordey S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes the combination of matrix exponential method with the semi-Lagrangian approach for the time integration of shallow water equations on the sphere. The second order accuracy of the developed scheme is shown. Exponential semi-Lagrangian scheme in the combination with spatial approximation on the cubed-sphere grid is verified using the standard test problems for shallow water models. The developed scheme is as good as the conventional semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian scheme in accuracy of slowly varying flow component reproduction and significantly better in the reproduction of the fast inertia-gravity waves. The accuracy of inertia-gravity waves reproduction is close to that of the explicit time-integration scheme. The computational efficiency of the proposed exponential semi-Lagrangian scheme is somewhat lower than the efficiency of semi-implicit semi-Lagrangian scheme, but significantly higher than the efficiency of explicit, semi-implicit, and exponential Eulerian schemes.
Investigating the influence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the mechanical and damping properties of ultra-high performance concrete
Authors: Zhang Wenhua , Zeng Weizhao , Zhang Yunsheng , Yang Fenghao , Wu Peipei , Xu Guodong , Gao Yueyi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the mechanical and damping properties of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) were investigated. The results show that the proper amount of MWCNTs can improve mechanical properties as well as the damping properties. For the mechanical properties, the compressive strength and flexural strength of the specimens increased with the increase of MWCNTs content in the range of 0~0.05% (mass ratio to cement). However, when the content of MWCNTs was more than 0.05wt.%, the mechanical properties of UHPC could not be improved continually because too many MWCNTs were difficult to disperse and agglomerated easily in UHPC. Similar laws also have been found for the damping property of UHPC. The loss factor of UHPC increased with the increase of MWCNTs content in the range of 0 ~ 0.05%. The incorporation of MWCNTs would introduce a large number of interfaces into UHPC, the friction and slip between interfaces were the main reasons for the improvement of the damping property of UHPC. However, when the content of MWCNTs was more than 0.05%, it was difficult to disperse effectively. As a result, the overall energy consumption efficiency of MWCNTs was decreased.
Testing for random coefficient autoregressive and stochastic unit root models
Authors: Nagakura Daisuke 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe random coefficient autoregressive model has been utilized for modeling financial time series because it possesses features that are often observed in financial time series. When the mean of the random coefficient is one, it is called the stochastic unit root model. This paper proposes two Lagrange multiplier tests for the null hypotheses of random coefficient autoregressive and stochastic unit root models against a more general model. We apply our Lagrange multiplier tests to several stock index data, and find that the stochastic unit root model is rejected, whereas the random coefficient autoregressive model is not. This result indicates that it is important to check the validity of the stochastic unit root model prior to applying it to financial time series data, which may be better modeled by the random coefficient autoregressive model with the mean being not equal to one.
Company Celebrations in International Firms in Bulgaria. Are We What We Celebrate?
Authors: Bolgurova Rossitsa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWorkplace celebrations are a festive genre influenced by local and global socioeconomic transformations and cultural trends. This article presents a qualitative study of company celebrations in international firms in Bulgaria. Festivities, which are the object of study, are conceptualised as a medium through which identities are constructed, managed, and shared. The goal is to explore labour relations through the prism of such non-work events and trace the dynamics between the local and the international, between notions of ‘us’ and ‘them’, individual and organisational identities. The presented case studies are based on in-depth interviews with a range of stakeholders and on participant observation in celebrations organised by firms for their employees.
Praktische Reflexivität und Übersetzungsarbeit
Authors: Krinninger Dominik 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag entwirft eine praxistheoretische Perspektive auf die Erziehung in der Familie. Dies ist gerahmt von einer kritischen Perspektive auf gegenwärtige gesellschaftlich-institutionelle Zugriffe auf die Familie und geschieht im Hinblick auf ein bestehendes Desiderat in der erziehungswissenschaftlichen Theoriedebatte. Als zentrale Figuren werden einepraktische Reflexivitätund die von Familien zu leistendeÜbersetzungsarbeiteingeführt. Ersteres richtet sich auf einen reflexiven Gebrauch, den die Familienmitglieder von den im familialen Binnenraum fungierenden Praktiken machen und mit dem sie die praktische Ordnung der Familie gestalten. Letzteres greift die für Familien konstitutive Adaption gesellschaftlicher Anforderungen auf. Der Beitrag argumentiert theoretisch und im Rückgriff auf mehrere ethnografische Forschungsprojekte zur Familienerziehung.
Buddha und Pac-Man
Authors: Leuschner Hannes 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag setzt sich kritisch mit in zahlreichen Bereichen zunehmend umgesetzten Prozessen und den dahinterliegenden Begriffen der 'gamification' / 'Gamifizierung' auseinander, indem Unterschiede zwischen dem deutschsprachigen Begriff 'Spiel' und dem englischsprachigen Begriff 'game' produktiv gemacht werden. Im ersten Teil wird nach einer Diskussion einschlägiger theoretischer Ansätze eine heuristische Systematik in Anlehnung an Roger Caillois' Unterscheidung von paidia und ludus entworfen, durch die eine Schärfung des Gamifizierungs-Begriffs anhand einer Unterscheidung von Spiel und Game und den jeweiligen Derivaten (spielen, gamen, spielerisch, gamerisch etc.) ermöglicht wird. Die daraus generierte Arbeitsbestimmung von 'Gamifizierung' wird geprüft anhand eines im zweiten Teil gegebenen andragogischen Fallbeispiels, i.e. die aus autoethnographischer Perspektive beschriebene Teilnahme an einem zehntägigen Vipannasa-Meditationskurs in der Tradition von S.N. Goenka. Im dritten Teil werden der theoretische und ethnographische Teil zusammengeführt in Form einer Diskussion der in der goenkaschen Tradition erfolgten Gamifizierung buddhistischer Praktiken.