bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organizational learning, authentic leadership and individual-level resistance to change
Authors: Mousa Mohamed , Massoud Hiba K. , Ayoubi Rami M. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
This paper aims to focus on academics in three private foreign universities located in Cairo (Egypt) to explore the effect of organizational learning on individual-level resistance to change with and without the mediation of authentic leadership.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 960 academics were contacted and all of them received a set of questionnaires. After four follow ups, a total of 576 responses were collected with a response rate of 60.00 per cent. The author used the chi-square test to determine the association between organizational learning and authentic leadership. Multiple regressions were used to show how much variation in individual-level resistance to change can be explained by organizational learning and authentic leadership.

Findings
The findings highlight a statistical association between organizational learning and authentic leadership. Moreover, another statistical association is explored between authentic leadership and individual-level resistance to change. Furthermore, the statistical analysis proved that having an authentic leadership in the workplace fosters the effect of organizational learning in alleviating individual’s resistance to change.

Research limitations/implications
Data were collected only from academics and did not include rectors and/or heads of academic departments, the matter that may lead to an inflation of statistical relationships. Future research could use a double source method. Moreover, focusing only on private foreign universities working in Egypt diminishes the author’s potential for generalizing his results.

Practical implications
The author recommends establishing a unit for knowledge management inside every university. The function of this unit includes but is not limited to examining prospective socio-political, cultural and economic changes/challenges in the surrounding environment and preparing the possible scenarios for dealing with them. This in turn should comprise involvement and learning opportunities for academics work in these universities. The suggested units should also organize monthly meetings between academics and representatives from different Egyptian sectors such as NGOs personnel, CEOs of private and public companies, environmentalists and politicians to address what change those actors seek universities to undertake to guide academics to fulfill their expectations.

Originality/value
This paper contributes by filling a gap in HR management and organization literature in the higher education sector, in which empirical studies on the relationship between organizational learning, authentic leadership and resistance to change have been limited until now.
Parasitoids of leaf herbivores enhance plant fitness and do not alter caterpillar‐induced resistance against seed beetles
Authors: Bustos‐Segura Carlos , Cuny Maximilien A. C. , Benrey Betty 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Organisms of the third trophic level can indirectly interact with plants. However, whether parasitoids of herbivores have a positive effect on plant fitness has been controversial. In addition to possible effects on plant fitness, parasitoid‐mitigated herbivory can modify plant physiological responses and thereby alter the plant‐mediated indirect interactions between different herbivore species. These types of indirect multitrophic interactions remain largely unexplored. Thus, to understand the full effect of the third trophic level on plants, it is necessary to consider the context of the community of interacting species, both herbivores and their enemies.

Here, we investigated whether parasitoids of leaf‐feeding caterpillars affect plant fitness (seed quantity and quality) and the consequences for seed‐dwelling insects at the second and third trophic levels through plant‐mediated effects. To test this, we exposed lima bean plants (Phaseolus lunatus), under controlled field conditions, to caterpillars (Spodoptera latifascia) that were unparasitized or parasitized by the parasitoid species Cotesia marginiventris. Later in the season, we measured seed production and infestation by seed beetles and their parasitoids.

We found that parasitoids significantly reduced the leaf damage inflicted by the caterpillars, such that the plants suffered no loss in seed production. Yet, parasitoids had no effect on the emergence of seed beetles (Zabrotes subfasciatus and Acanthoscelides obtectus), which was equally reduced in plants attacked by unparasitized and by parasitized caterpillars. Seeds from undamaged plants were significantly more attacked by Z. subfasciatus beetles. Parasitism rates of seed beetle larvae were similar for all treatments.

Although parasitized caterpillars did not damage the plants enough to reduce seed production (unlike unparasitized caterpillars), the damage they inflicted induced resistance against other herbivores. Taken together, these results show how parasitoids can indirectly enhance plant fitness in the context of the local multitrophic ecological networks. These findings have significant implications for natural and agricultural systems since they reveal that the indirect interaction between plants and parasitoids can be beneficial in communities with multiple herbivore species.
Simultaneous angiotensin receptor blockade and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor activation ameliorate albuminuria in obese insulin‐resistant rats
Authors: Rodriguez Ruben , Escobedo Benny , Lee Andrew Y. , Thorwald Max , Godoy‐Lugo Jose A. , Nakano Daisuke , Nishiyama Akira , Parkes David G. , Ortiz Rudy M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInsulin resistance increases renal oxidant production by upregulating NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) expression contributing to oxidative damage and ultimately albuminuria. Inhibition of the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS) and activation of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor signalling may reverse this effect. However, whether angiotensin receptor type 1 (AT1) blockade and GLP‐1 receptor activation improve oxidative damage and albuminuria through different mechanisms is not known. Using insulin‐resistant Otsuka Long‐Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, we tested the hypothesis that simultaneous blockade of AT1 and activation of GLP‐1r additively decrease oxidative damage and urinary albumin excretion (UalbV) in the following groups: (a) untreated, lean LETO (n = 7), (b) untreated, obese OLETF (n = 9), (c) OLETF + angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB; 10 mg olmesartan/kg/d; n = 9), (d) OLETF + GLP‐1 mimetic (EXE; 10 µg exenatide/kg/d; n = 7) and (e) OLETF + ARB +exenatide (Combo; n = 6). Mean kidney Nox4 protein expression and nitrotyrosine (NT) levels were 30% and 46% greater, respectively, in OLETF compared with LETO. Conversely, Nox4 protein expression and NT were reduced to LETO levels in ARB and EXE, and Combo reduced Nox4, NT and 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal levels by 21%, 27% and 27%, respectively. At baseline, UalbV was nearly double in OLETF compared with LETO and increased to nearly 10‐fold greater levels by the end of the study. Whereas ARB (45%) and EXE (55%) individually reduced UalbV, the combination completely ameliorated the albuminuria. Collectively, these data suggest that AT1 blockade and GLP‐1 receptor activation reduce renal oxidative damage similarly during insulin resistance, whereas targeting both signalling pathways provides added benefit in restoring and/or further ameliorating albuminuria in a model of diet‐induced obesity.
Women's perspective on life after total laryngectomy: a qualitative study
Authors: van Sluis Klaske E. , Kornman Anne F. , van der Molen Lisette , van den Brekel Michiel W. M. , Yaron Gili 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundPhysical and psychosocial challenges are common after total laryngectomy. The surgery leads to lifelong changes in communication, airway, swallowing and appearance. As we move towards health models driven by patient‐centred care, understanding the differential impacts of surgical procedures on subgroups of patients can help improve our care models, patient education and support systems. This paper discusses the experiences of women following total laryngectomy.AimsTo gain an insight into the impact of total laryngectomy on women's daily life while identifying their specific rehabilitation needs.Methods & ProceduresThis paper is based on in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews with eight women who had undergone total laryngectomy. These interviews were conducted with women at least 1 year after they had undergone total laryngectomy, and the participants did not have recurrent disease. Using an interview guide, participants were encouraged to discuss their everyday experiences, while also focusing on issues typical to women. The transcribed interview data were analysed by thematic analysis, taking interpretative phenomenological analysis as a lead.Outcomes & ResultsThe interviews revealed three main themes: disease and treatment as a turning point, re‐establishing meaningful everyday activities, and persistent vulnerability. Participants reported experiencing challenges in their rehabilitation process due to physical disabilities, dependency on others and experienced stigma. Women‐specific challenges arose in dealing with the altered appearance and voice, performing care activities, and the spousal relationship (including intimacy).Conclusions & ImplicationsWomen who undergo total laryngectomy are likely to experience issues in returning to work, the performance of informal care‐work, the spousal relationship, intimacy and social interaction due to stigmatization. Medical pretreatment counselling and multidisciplinary rehabilitation programmes should help patients form realistic expectations and prepare them for the changes they will face. A gender‐ and age‐matched laryngectomized patient visitor can contribute to this process. Rehabilitation programmes should incorporate the partner and offer psychosocial support for women following total laryngectomy to return to their former roles in family life, social life and work‐related activities.
Monetary Policy and Financial Stability: The Role of Inflation Targeting
Authors: Sethi Dinabandhu , Acharya Debashis 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between Inflation targeting (IT) and financial instability from 1990 to 2015 for Asian economies. To measure financial instability, a multidimensional financial conditioning index is calculated following the ECB's approach. Using a fixed effects panel data model the study finds that adoption of IT policy in Asian economies has an adverse impact on financial stability, thus rejecting the ‘conventional wisdom’ hypothesis. Further, the Vector Autoregression (VAR) result shows that an IT regime increases housing returns and encourages investors to take higher risks.
Comparison of biodiversity and ground cover between a commercial rotationally grazed property and an adjacent nature reserve in semi‐arid rangeland
Authors: McDonald Sarah E. , Reid Nick , Smith Rhiannon , Waters Cathleen M. , Hunter John , Rader Romina 
Published: November 2019

AbstractContinuous livestock grazing can have negative effects on biodiversity and landscape function in arid and semi‐arid rangelands. Alternative grazing management practices, such as rotational grazing, may be a viable option for broad‐scale biodiversity conservation and sustainable pastoral management. This study compared ground cover, plant species composition and floristic and functional diversity along gradients of grazing intensity between a pastoral property rotationally grazed by goats and an adjacent nature reserve (ungrazed by commercial livestock) in semi‐arid south‐eastern Australia. Understorey plant species composition differed significantly between the rotationally grazed property and the nature reserve, with a greater proportion and frequency of palatable species recorded in the nature reserve. Understorey plant species richness, diversity, functional biodiversity measures and ground cover declined with increasing grazing pressure close to water points under commercial rotational grazing management. However, at a whole‐paddock scale, there were few differences in plant biodiversity and ground cover between the rotationally grazed property and the nature reserve, despite differences in overall plant species composition. Flexible, adaptive, rotational grazing should be investigated further for its potential to achieve both socio‐economic and biodiversity conservation outcomes in semi‐arid rangelands to complement existing conservation reserves.
Traits reveal how habitat‐quality gradients structure small mammal communities in a fragmented tropical landscape
Authors: Hannibal Wellington , Cunha Nicolay Leme da , Figueiredo Valquiria Vilalba , Teresa Fabrício Barreto , Ferreira Vanda Lúcia 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the relationships among community structure, vegetation structure and availability of food resources are a key to unravelling the ecological processes that structure biological communities. In this study, we tested (i) whether the composition of small mammal communities changed across gradients in habitat quality in tropical forest fragments, and (ii) whether any observed change could be explained by the functional traits of species. We sampled 24 trapping grids in fragments of semi‐deciduous forest, in each of two 6‐month periods. We considered each trapping grid as a sampling unit, for which we collected three datasets: an environmental matrix (vegetation structure and food resource availability), the abundance of small mammal species (community structure) and a matrix of functional traits (ecological and morphological traits which express tolerance to habitat disturbance and trophic guild). We used an RLQ approach to evaluate the association between traits and environmental gradients. Forest‐specialist and scansorial–arboreal species were associated with more complex habitat that had greater litter and canopy cover and more fallen logs. In relation to trophic guilds, granivore (fruit seeds), insectivorous and omnivorous species were also associated with higher complexity habitat, while frugivores were associated with shrub cover and availability of fruits. We conclude that functional traits (habitat use, use of vertical strata and diet) provide valuable insights into the distribution of small mammals along gradients of habitat quality in tropical forest fragments. We highlight that communities studies in fragmented landscapes should investigate the different components of biodiversity not only in landscape‐scale but also in habitat scale.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
From the Right to Mobility to the Right to the Mobile City: Playfulness and Mobilities in Bogotá’s Cycling Activism
Authors: Castañeda Paola 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper takes cycling activism in Bogotá (Colombia) as a point of departure to conceptualise the right to the mobile city. Mobility is a key site of intervention for claiming the right to the city, but has so far only been considered in terms of access to the city. Such a reading obscures the ways in which mobile practices themselves can be exercises in participation, appropriation, and management of urban space. In examining biketivists’ playful mobilities, I emphasise the centrality of mobility in the production of the city. Foregrounding play as a means to assert use value over exchange value in the city allows for a non‐utilitarian understanding of mobility and a reconceptualisation of the right to mobility along Lefebvrian lines. However, playful practices can also produce spaces of exclusion, and nuance is necessary to avoid totalising accounts of cycling politics.
On “the Concrete”: Labour, Difference and Method
Authors: Ekers Michael , Loftus Alex 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper develops a genealogy of concrete labour, paying particular attention to debates within marxist, feminist‐marxist and Black feminist writings. Our argument pivots around the dual character of (re)productive activities and an argument that the concrete is both an “aspect” of labour and the concentration of many different relations. We begin with a critique of the false universalisms in certain invocations of the concrete, noting how the far right has mobilised this “false concrete” in the figure of the people. Teasing out long‐standing debates over the dual character of labour enables us instead to better understand the social differentiation within concrete lived activity. Through discussing the internal relations that constitute the concrete as labour and method we propose a critical strategy that challenges false universalisms, provides a way to understand relationally defined positionalities, and that is also a place from which to struggle and organise.
Herpes simplex virus reactivation and the relationship with Alzheimer's disease: A countering view
Authors: Fluegge Keith 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMany have described the molecular mechanisms underpinning the viral etiology of Alzheimer's disease. This commentary challenges this premise by discussing evidence that Herpes simplex virus reactivation reduces progression to Alzheimer's disease, and also proposing that viral reactivation is a compensatory reaction to other causal exposures in Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology.
Multicenter study of the clinical features and mutation gene spectrum of Chinese children with Dent disease
Authors: Ye Qing , Shen Qian , Rao Jia , Zhang Aihua , Zheng Bixia , Liu Xiaorong , Shen Ying , Chen Zhi , Wu Yubing , Hou Ling , Jian Shan , Wei Min , Ma Mingsheng , Sun Shuzhen , Li Qian , Dang Xiqiang , Wang Ying , Xu Hong , Mao Jianhua ,   for Chinese Children Genetic Kidney Disease Database (CCGKDD), “Internet Plus” Nephrology Alliance of National Center for Children's Care
Published: November 2019

AbstractDent disease is a rare X‐linked recessive inherited tubular disease. In this multicenter study, the clinical presentation and genetic background of Chinese children with Dent disease are studied to improve the cognition and diagnostic ability of pediatricians. In this prospective cohort, we described the genotype and phenotype of a national cohort composed of 45 pediatric probands with Dent disease belonging to 45 families from 12 different regions of China recruited from 2014 to 2018 by building up the multicenter registration system. The CLCN5 gene from 32 affected families revealed 28 different mutations. The OCRL gene from 13 affected families revealed 13 different mutations. The incidence of low‐molecular‐weight proteinuria (LMWP) in both Dent disease type 1 populations and Dent disease type 2 populations was 100.0%; however, the incidence of other manifestations was not high, which was similar to previously reported data. Therefore, LMWP is a key clinical feature that should alert clinicians to the possibility of Dent disease. A high amount of LMWP combined with positive gene test results can be used as the diagnostic criteria for this disease. The diagnostic criteria are helpful in reducing the missed diagnosis of this disease and are beneficial for protecting the renal function of these patients through early diagnosis and early intervention.
Who should access germline genome sequencing? A mixed methods study of patient views
Authors: Best Megan C. , Butow Phyllis , Jacobs Chris , Savard Jacqueline , Biesecker Barbara , Ballinger Mandy L. , Bartley Nicci , Davies Grace , Napier Christine E. , Smit Amelia K. , Thomas David M. , Newson Ainsley J. ,   Members of the PiGeOn Project
Published: November 2019

AbstractImplementation of any new medical test, including germline genome sequencing (GS) to inform cancer risk, should take place only when a test is effective, ethically justifiable and acceptable to a population. Little empirical evidence exists on patient views regarding GS for cancer risk. The aim of this study was to elicit opinions on who should be offered GS and who should pay for it. Participants with a probable genetic basis for their cancer (n = 335) and blood relatives (n = 199) were recruited to undergo GS and invited to complete questionnaires at baseline. A subset (n = 40) also participated in qualitative interviews about their views regarding access to GS to detect cancer risk. Our response rate was 92% for questionnaires and 100% for interviews. Participants expressed high enthusiasm overall for access to GS for those with a family history of cancer and anyone who requested testing, but enthusiasm was lower for universal access, if opting out was possible and finances not an issue. Rationales for these views reflected maximising the sound use of resources. Challenges to introducing community screening via GS to limit cancer burden were raised, including the current limits of science and individual ability to cope with uncertain results. Participants undergoing GS supported cancer risk testing for those with a family history of cancer but were concerned about the challenges of designing and implementing a population‐based GS cancer‐screening program.
Phenotype‐to‐genotype approach reveals head‐circumference‐associated genes in an autism spectrum disorder cohort
Authors: Wu Huidan , Li Honghui , Bai Ting , Han Lin , Ou Jianjun , Xun Guanglei , Zhang Yu , Wang Yazhe , Duan Guiqin , Zhao Ningxia , Chen Biyuan , Du Xiaogang , Yao Meiling , Zou Xiaobing , Zhao Jingping , Hu Zhengmao , Eichler Evan E. , Guo Hui , Xia Kun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe genotype‐first approach has been successfully applied and has elucidated several subtypes of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it requires very large cohorts because of the extensive genetic heterogeneity. We investigate the alternate possibility of whether phenotype‐specific genes can be identified from a small group of patients with specific phenotype(s). To identify novel genes associated with ASD and abnormal head circumference using a phenotype‐to‐genotype approach, we performed whole‐exome sequencing on 67 families with ASD and abnormal head circumference. Clinically relevant pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants account for 23.9% of patients with microcephaly or macrocephaly, and 81.25% of those variants or genes are head‐size associated. Significantly, recurrent pathogenic mutations were identified in two macrocephaly genes (PTEN, CHD8) in this small cohort. De novo mutations in several candidate genes (UBN2, BIRC6, SYNE1, and KCNMA1) were detected, as well as one new candidate gene (TNPO3) implicated in ASD and related neurodevelopmental disorders. We identify genotype‐phenotype correlations for head‐size‐associated ASD genes and novel candidate genes for further investigation. Our results also suggest a phenotype‐to‐genotype strategy would accelerate the elucidation of genotype‐phenotype relationships for ASD by using phenotype‐restricted cohorts.