bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creation of a design methodology for crank punching machines of specified durability
Authors: Thet Paing , Kyaw Zaya , Kornilova A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the main aspects of designing large-forging equipment of given durability on the example of crank punching machines. A scientifically based algorithm is proposed to ensure reliable operation of the structure operating in the field of high-cycle fatigue. An example of calculations is given when designing a bed for a crank hot forging press (CHFP) and a crank plate forging press defined durability on the basis of existing structures.
Mathematical model of building envelope element insolation
Authors: Kopytov N P , Mityushov E A , Misyura N E , Berestova S A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the problem of estimation of building envelope oriented element insolation by direct sunlight is solved using mathematical model of Earth’s rotation. Quaternions are used as mathematical tool for description of rotation. The model allows to obtain automatically estimation of building element insolation by direct sunlight for given latitude and given time interval (month, week, day, etc.). The model takes into account schedule of change of day and night, change of direct sunlight angle on a given element of the surface caused by sun motion over horizon (changes of its height and azimuth during time of day). Distinctive feature of the model is simplicity of program-algorithmic implementation due to using description of rotation by means of quaternions.
Stress and strain intensity factors within angle area of the boundary
Authors: Frishter L U 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Stress and strain state of the designs and structures within the area (zone) with angle cutouts, boundary cuts are characterized by emergence of the stress concentration areas and requires assessment of strength and reliability of facilities that is an actual task of the engineering practice. The theoretical study of stress and strain state within angle cutouts of the boundary area is reduced to research of singular solutions for the elastic problem with power singularity. Moreover, definition of stress or strain concentration in the non-regular point of the area boundary loses its significance. The stress and strain state within angle cutout top of the plane area boundary, which is recorded with use of intensity factor, is considered in the article. Two approaches to obtaining of formula for displacements and stresses within non-regular point of the plane area boundary with use of the stress and strain intensity factor are given. A difference in formula of stresses and displacement obtained for the limit values of stress and strain determine the practical significance of the work during experiments and determination of critical values for stress and strain.
Control method of high-precision soft docking of moving objects using low-accurate values of relative speed and distance
Authors: Mukhametzyanov I A , Chekmareva O I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An analytical expression is constructed for the main vector of control forces, providing the pursuit of an unpredictably moving object with the purpose of shockless high-precision docking with it or its shockless capture in a finite period of time using low-accurate values of the measured relative velocity and distance. The constructed control ensures the pursuit of the goal on the principle of proportional navigation, brings the pursuing point in a finite time to the “initial position”, which provides the possibility of reducing the distance to the target, and then ensures the subsequent sliding movement of a point from the “initial position” along the line of discontinuity to the origin of the phase coordinate system. To solve the problem with large relative measurement errors, it was proposed to construct a continuous part of the control force, which provides the process of sliding movement of the representative point along the line of discontinuity, as a function, depending on the current values of the relative velocity and distance. The article also analyzes the issue related to the expansion of the class of control forces by introducing some positive parameter in the expression for the continuous component of the control force. The choice of this parameter affects the duration of the rapprochement of the pursued and pursuing points.
Efficiency of a thermal machine with final processing time
Authors: Rudoy Yu G , Chekmareva O I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Novikov and Curzon-Ahlborn approaches which lead to the improving of the classical Carnot effectiveness expression in the direction of its diminishing were studied in this paper. This effect is due to the account for finite time of non-isothermic processes of the heat exchange which lead to the non-zero values of the thermal machine output power. Obvious expressions for these values are found in both analytic and graphical forms.
Fullerenes as solitons in chiral model of graphene
Authors: Rybakov Yu P , Umar M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Taking into account the sp
2- hybridization effect for valence electrons in carbon atoms, we introduce a unitary matrix U as an order parameter and suggest a scalar chiral model of graphene for the description of graphene-like configurations. Using the well-known hedgehog ansatz for modeling Fullerene C
60, we estimate the polarizability of a single Fullerene specie in a uniform external electric field. Finally, we use this result for calculating the parameters of the van der Waals potential for the two interacting Fullerene species.
Shells analysis in orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system with variation-difference method
Authors: Ivanov V N , Shmeleva A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The variation-difference method is a convenient numerical method for shells of complex forms. It is enough when only cinematic boundary conditions are satisfied because the method is based on the principle of Lagrange. Another advantage of the variation-difference method is the better opportunity to create computer programs based on it. For shell analysis in orthogonal coordinate system as well as for shell analysis in principal curvatures the system of equations describing stress-strain state can be simplified. In this paper the difference between analysis in orthogonal coordinate system and analysis in principal curvatures of the surface is considered. The main distinction of the analysis of shells in orthogonal curvilinear coordinate system is the necessity of determination of components which include curvature of torsion of coordinate lines. The addition of these components in the equations of the theory of shells for the coordinate system in principal curvatures gives possibility to analyze shells in common orthogonal coordinate system. In this article shell analysis in orthogonal coordinate system is applied to shells based on normal cyclic surfaces.
Clinical Features of Patients With Acute Aortic Dissection After an Earthquake: Experience from the Kumamoto Earthquake 2016
Authors: Komorita Takashi , Fujisue Koichiro , Sueta Daisuke , Sakamoto Kenji , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Hashimoto Yoichiro , Sakamoto Tomohiro , Tsunoda Ryusuke , Uesugi Hideyuki , Suzuki Ryusuke , Naito Hisaki , Hanzawa Kazuhiko , Araki Eiichi , Nakayama Hideki , Kasaoka Shunji , Hokimoto Seiji , Fukui Toshihiro , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
While there is a concern about the increase in the occurrence of acute aortic dissection (AAD) caused by the worsening of hypertension, mental stress, etc., there is a lack of data regarding the influence of disasters on this event. The aim of this study was to address this issue in the acute–subacute phase after the Kumamoto Earthquake occurred on 14 April 2016.

METHODS
We retrospectively investigated the impacts of the Kumamoto Earthquake on various cardiovascular diseases, including AAD, utilizing the medical records of patients in 16 hospitals in Kumamoto Prefecture during the period from 14 April to 30 June (78 days) in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017.

RESULTS
The occurrence of heart failure and venous thromboembolism increased significantly in the acute–subacute phase after the earthquake. When comparing the earthquake year (2016) to the non-earthquake years (2014, 2015, and 2017), the difference in the occurrences and mortalities of AADs were not significant. When other characteristics of the patients were compared between the earthquake year and the non-earthquake years, there were no differences.

CONCLUSIONS
It might be possible that the Kumamoto Earthquake did not affect the incidence of AAD or deaths from AAD, possibly because the climate was mild and the preventive efforts based on previous experience were successful.

REGISTRATION
University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN)-CTR (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/).

IDENTIFIER
UMIN000023864.

PUBLIC ACCESS INFORMATION
Opt-out materials were available at the following website: http://www.kumadai-junnai.com/home/wp-content/uploads/shinsai.pdf.
Epigenome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 in clinical settings: possibilities and challenges
Authors: Pei Wen-Di , Zhang Yan , Yin Tai-Lang , Yu Yang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEpigenome editing is a promising approach for both basic research and clinical application. With the convergence of techniques from different fields, regulating gene expression artificially becomes possible. From a clinical point of view, targeted epigenome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 of disease-related genes offers novel therapeutic avenues for many diseases. In this review, we summarize the EpiEffectors used in epigenome editing by CRISPR/Cas9, current applications of epigenome editing and progress made in this field. Moreover, application challenges such as off-target effects, inefficient delivery, stability and immunogenicity are discussed. In conclusion, epigenome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 has broad prospects in the clinic, and future work will promote the application of this technology.
Revealing and Concealing Difference: A Critical Approach to Disclosure and an Intersectional Theory of “Closeting”
Authors: McDonald James , Harris Kate Lockwood , Ramirez Jessica 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this essay, we integrate communication research on difference, intersectionality, queer theory, and stigma to develop a critical approach to disclosure that is attentive to power dynamics. Our critical approach to disclosure centers closeting processes in relation to multiple stigmatized, non-normative, and invisible forms of difference, in addition to sexuality/gender. The theory of closeting that we developed contributes to existing disclosure research by (a) highlighting that intersecting forms of difference impact the implications of revealing and concealing information; (b) showing that normativity heavily influences which information is assumed and, therefore, need not be disclosed; (c) establishing that stigma shapes the positive and negative impacts of revelation and concealment; (d) demonstrating that disclosure can have political purposes; and (e) linking the individual, relational, organizational, political, and cultural implications of disclosure. We conclude by discussing the implications of our theory of closeting for scholars working within multiple subfields of communication studies.
Delineating the molecular and histological events that govern right ventricular recovery using a novel mouse model of pulmonary artery de-banding
Authors: Boehm Mario , Tian Xuefei , Mao Yuqiang , Ichimura Kenzo , Dufva Melanie J , Ali Khadem , Dannewitz Prosseda Svenja , Shi Yiwei , Kuramoto Kazuya , Reddy Sushma , Kheyfets Vitaly O , Metzger Ross J , Spiekerkoetter Edda 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Aims
The temporal sequence of events underlying functional right ventricular (RV) recovery after improvement of pulmonary hypertension-associated pressure overload is unknown. We sought to establish a novel mouse model of gradual RV recovery from pressure overload and use it to delineate RV reverse-remodelling events.

Methods and results
Surgical pulmonary artery banding (PAB) around a 26-G needle induced RV dysfunction with increased RV pressures, reduced exercise capacity and caused liver congestion, hypertrophic, fibrotic, and vascular myocardial remodelling within 5 weeks of chronic RV pressure overload in mice. Gradual reduction of the afterload burden through PA band absorption (de-PAB)—after RV dysfunction and structural remodelling were established—initiated recovery of RV function (cardiac output and exercise capacity) along with rapid normalization in RV hypertrophy (RV/left ventricular + S and cardiomyocyte area) and RV pressures (right ventricular systolic pressure). RV fibrotic (collagen, elastic fibres, and vimentin+ fibroblasts) and vascular (capillary density) remodelling were equally reversible; however, reversal occurred at a later timepoint after de-PAB, when RV function was already completely restored. Microarray gene expression (ClariomS, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) along with gene ontology analyses in RV tissues revealed growth factors, immune modulators, and apoptosis mediators as major cellular components underlying functional RV recovery.

Conclusion
We established a novel gradual de-PAB mouse model and used it to demonstrate that established pulmonary hypertension-associated RV dysfunction is fully reversible. Mechanistically, we link functional RV improvement to hypertrophic normalization that precedes fibrotic and vascular reverse-remodelling events.
ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn’s Disease: Surgical Treatment
Authors: Adamina Michel , Bonovas Stefanos , Raine Tim , Spinelli Antonino , Warusavitarne Janindra , Armuzzi Alessandro , Bachmann Oliver , Bager Palle , Biancone Livia , Bokemeyer Bernd , Bossuyt Peter , Burisch Johan , Collins Paul , Doherty Glen , El-Hussuna Alaa , Ellul Pierre , Fiorino Gionata , Frei-Lanter Cornelia , Furfaro Federica , Gingert Christian , Gionchetti Paolo , Gisbert Javier P , Gomollon Fernando , González Lorenzo Marien , Gordon Hannah , Hlavaty Tibor , Juillerat Pascal , Katsanos Konstantinos , Kopylov Uri , Krustins Eduards , Kucharzik Torsten , Lytras Theodore , Maaser Christian , Magro Fernando , Marshall John Kenneth , Myrelid Pär , Pellino Gianluca , Rosa Isadora , Sabino Joao , Savarino Edoardo , Stassen Laurents , Torres Joana , Uzzan Mathieu , Vavricka Stephan , Verstockt Bram , Zmora Oded 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article is the second in a series of two publications relating to the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] evidence-based consensus on the management of Crohn’s disease. The first article covers medical management; the present article addresses surgical management, including preoperative aspects and drug management before surgery. It also provides technical advice for a variety of common clinical situations. Both articles together represent the evidence-based recommendations of the ECCO for Crohn’s disease and an update of previous guidelines.
A new crustal shear-velocity model in Southwest China from joint seismological inversion and its implications for regional crustal dynamics
Authors: Yang Yan , Yao Huajian , Wu Hanxiao , Zhang Ping , Wang Maomao 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY
Southwest (SW) China is located in a transition site from the active Tibetan Plateau to the stable Yangtze craton, which has complicated tectonic deformation and severe seismic hazards. We combine data from ambient noise, teleseismic body and surface waves, and petroleum wells to better constrain the crustal shear-velocity structure in SW China. We jointly invert the Rayleigh wave dispersion (5–40 s period), Rayleigh wave ZH ratio (20–60 s period), and P-wave receiver function for 114 permanent stations with a stepwise linearized joint inversion method. Compared to previous tomography results, we observe higher shear velocity in the sedimentary rocks within the Sichuan Basin, which is consistent with sonic logging measurements. Our model reveals widespread low-velocity zones in the mid-lower crust, and their boundaries correlate well with major fault systems. Between two main mid-crustal low-velocity channels, a prominent high-velocity region surrounded by earthquakes is observed in the inner zone of the Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP) and around the Anninghe-Zemuhe fault zone. These observations are comparable to regional tomography results using very dense arrays. Based on the results, we suggest that mid-lower crustal ductile flow and upper-crustal rigid fault movement play equally important roles in controlling the regional deformation styles and earthquake distribution in SW China. Our results also resolve thick crust-mantle transition zones beneath the eastern Tibetan Plateau and the inner zone of the ELIP due to ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ crust-mantle interactions, respectively. Our new model can serve as a reference crustal model of future high resolution model construction in SW China.
An alternative way in electrical resistivity prospection: the quasi-null arrays
Authors: Szalai S , Szokoli K , Prácser E , Metwaly M , Zubair M , Szarka L 
Published: November 2019

SUMMARY
While traditional geoelectric array configurations, such as the Wenner–Schlumberger or the dipole–dipole, can provide very good images of 1-D or robust 2-D structures, they are not sufficiently sensitive to those inhomogeneities that have a small effect on the surface electrical potential distribution. The detection and description of such inhomogeneities become possible by applying quasi-null arrays, which provide very small (close to zero) signals above a homogeneous half-space. The imaging properties of the members of an array series containing such arrays, the so-called γ11n arrays (n = 1–7), are demonstrated and compared to those of the most popular traditional arrays. Although the field applicability of the quasi-null arrays has been heavily questioned, it was demonstrated by our quasi-field analogue modelling experiments. The quasi-field tests also validated all of the numerical modelling results as follows: (1) many or all of the γ11n arrays were able to detect prisms and vertical sheets located at depths larger than those detectable by traditional geoelectric arrays, including the optimized Stummer configuration; (2) the horizontal resolution of the γ11n arrays proved to be better than the horizontal resolution of traditional arrays; (3) with n increasing, the γ11n arrays proved to be less sensitive to 1-D, but more sensitive to 2-D bodies. In case of high n values, the γ11n arrays may even be entirely insensitive to any 1-D structure. On the basis of the quasi-field experiments, γ11n arrays are expected to be very efficient to indicate bodies, or variations in time that only have a small impact on the surface electrical potential distribution (e.g. caves, mines, tunnels, tubes, cables, fractures, dykes), or small changes in the subsurface conditions (monitoring of dams or waste deposits). Data acquisition by both a traditional and a γ11n array, individual inversion of their data, and a joint interpretation of the results are recommended to obtain both a robust image and fine details of the subsurface.
Accessibility and Foreseeability in the Application of the Principle of Legality under General International Law: A Time for Revision?
Authors: de Souza Dias Talita 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The principle of legality is one of the most fundamental principles of domestic and international criminal law. It features in some of the most prominent human rights instruments, and its application has been scrutinised by various human rights courts and international criminal tribunals. One of the principal tests used to check compliance with that principle measures the accessibility and foreseeability of the criminal law at the time of the conduct. Yet a close analysis of this test reveals a number of fundamental flaws that seem to have escaped the eyes of most commentators and practitioners. These have led to outcomes of dubious legality. In this article, I argue that those problems are serious enough to justify a revision or a substitution of that test for one which is more in line with the rationales and dictates of the legality principle.
Achieving Elimination as a Public Health Problem for Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium: When Is Community-Wide Treatment Required?
Authors: Toor Jaspreet , Rollinson David , Turner Hugo C , Gouvras Anouk , King Charles H , Medley Graham F , Hollingsworth T Déirdre , Anderson Roy M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) has set elimination as a public health problem (EPHP) as a goal for schistosomiasis. As the WHO treatment guidelines for schistosomiasis are currently under revision, we investigate whether school-based or community-wide treatment strategies are required for achieving the EPHP goal. In low- to moderate-transmission settings with good school enrolment, we find that school-based treatment is sufficient for achieving EPHP. However, community-wide treatment is projected to be necessary in certain high-transmission settings as well as settings with low school enrolment. Hence, the optimal treatment strategy depends on setting-specific factors such as the species present, prevalence prior to treatment, and the age profile of infection.
Association among ecological and behavioural attributes, dengue vector and disease control: a cross-sectional study of the city of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Sabrina , Haque C Emdad , Hossain Shakhawat , Walker David 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
This study examines vector density, the prevailing knowledge, awareness, attitudes and practice (KAAP) of community members regarding dengue disease and their willingness to pay (WTP) for vector control in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Methods
A population-based, cross-sectional study design was followed: (i) an entomological survey was carried out in 727 randomly selected households in 12 wards, representing four urban ecological zones and (ii) a survey of 330 household heads was conducted to study their KAAP. The χ2 test and multinomial logistic regression (MLR) were applied to investigate factors associated with WTP and other variables.

Results
The Stegomyia indices significantly vary among the urban zones, revealing that the paved and built areas with concentrated public/commercial services have the highest mosquito density. Most respondents (93.9%) knew about dengue and its severity (90.3%); however, many of them were unaware (79.3%) about the types of mosquitoes causing dengue. MLR modelling reveals that average spending per month for mosquito control, household income and knowledge about the effects of land use and seasonality on dengue were significantly associated with the WTP for controlling the dengue vector.

Conclusions
Concerted efforts should be made to increase awareness about dengue transmission and develop community-based sustainable dengue vector control programmes involving both the public and private sectors.