bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of zoonotic transmission of swine influenza at the human–pig interface in Guangdong Province, China
Authors: Li Yin , Edwards John , Huang Baoxu , Shen Chaojian , Cai Chang , Wang Youming , Zhang Guihong , Robertson Ian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA cross‐sectional survey was conducted from 2015 to 2018 to assess the risk of zoonotic influenza to humans at the human–pig interface in Guangdong Province, south China. One hundred and fifty‐three pig farmers, 21 pig traders and 16 pig trade workers were recruited using convenience sampling and surveyed at local pig farms, live pig markets and slaughterhouses, respectively. Questionnaires were administered to collect information on the biosecurity and trading practices adopted and their knowledge and beliefs about swine influenza (SI). Most (12 of 16) trade workers said they would enter piggeries to collect pigs and only six of 11 said they were always asked to go through an on‐farm disinfection procedure before entry. Only 33.7% of the interviewees believed that SI could infect humans, although pig farmers were more likely to believe this than traders and trade workers (p < .01). Several unsafe practices were reported by interviewees. ‘Having vaccination against seasonal flu’ (OR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.19–8.93), ‘Believe that SI can cause death in pigs’ (no/yes: OR = 8.69, 95% CI: 2.71–36.57; not sure/yes: OR = 4.46, 95% CI: 1.63–14.63) and ‘Keep on working when getting mild flu symptoms’ (OR = 3.80, 95% CI: 1.38–11.46) were significantly and positively correlated to ‘lacking awareness of the zoonotic risk of SI’. ‘Lacking awareness of the zoonotic risk of SI’ (OR = 3.19, 95% CI: 1.67–6.21), ‘Keep on working when getting mild flu symptoms’ (OR = 3.59, 95% CI: 1.57–8.63) and ‘Don't know SI as a pig disease’ (OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 1.02–16.45) were significantly and positively correlated to ‘not using personal protective equipment when contacting pigs’. The findings of this study would benefit risk mitigation against potential pandemic SI threats in the human–pig interface in China.
Biological validation of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) image oxygen thresholds in tissue
Authors: Gertsenshteyn Inna , Giurcanu Mihai , Vaupel Peter , Halpern Howard 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMeasuring molecular oxygen levels in vivo has been the cornerstone of understanding the effects of hypoxia in normal tissues and malignant tumors. Here we discuss the advances in a variety of partial pressure of oxygen () measurements and imaging techniques and relevant oxygen thresholds. A focus on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging shows the validation of treating hypoxic tumours with a threshold of ≤ 10 Torr, and demonstrates utility for in vivo oxygen imaging, as well as its current and future role in cancer studies.
image
El covid-19 y su impacto en el contrato de seguros. una visión desde el derecho de seguros
Authors: Signorino Barbat Andrea 
Published: June 2020

El impacto de la aparición del nuevo virus, el COVID-19, convertido en una pandemia, y su influencia en los contratos privados, está hoy siendo un tema de intenso debate. De este contexto, no escapa el seguro que cobra una importancia esencial, pues detrás de toda actividad económica, existe, o debería existir, el seguro como elemento que respalde dicha actividad, que permita al comerciante desarrollar su negocio con visión de prevención y sea útil a todas las personas como respaldo ante los infortunios.
El contrato de seguros se basa en un equilibro que excede el mero equilibrio contractual entre las prestaciones de las partes, pues su desequilibrio produce consecuencias que afectan no sólo a las partes en el contrato sino que puede llegar a afectar a la mutualidad de asegurados. Si ese desequilibrio permanece sin ser solucionado, si no se recompone el equilibrio, se pone en peligro la solvencia de la empresa de seguros y por lo tanto a todo el sistema asegurador nacional e incluso internacional, cual efecto dominó.
Ante esta realidad técnico -jurídica del seguro, un factor imprevisto como la aparición de la pandemia del COVID-19, puede alterar y mucho, el equilibrio contractual.
En el presente artículo buscaremos recurrir a los institutos propios del seguro como ser los riesgos no cubiertos, el agravamiento y la disminución del riesgo, para tratar de buscar respuestas en la esfera del derecho de seguros.
Metal Binder Jetting Additive Manufacturing: A Literature Review
Authors: Li Ming , Du Wenchao , Elwany Alaa , Pei Zhijian , Ma Chao 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBinder jetting is an additive manufacturing process utilizing a liquid-based binding agent to selectively join the material in a powder bed. It is capable of manufacturing complex-shaped parts from a variety of materials including metals, ceramics, and polymers. This paper provides a comprehensive review on currently available reports on metal binder jetting from both academia and industry. Critical factors and their effects in metal binder jetting are reviewed and divided into two categories, namely material-related factors and process-related parameters. The reported data on density, dimensional and geometric accuracy, and mechanical properties achieved by metal binder jetting are summarized. With parameter optimization and a suitable sintering process, ten materials have been proven to achieve a relative density of higher than 90%. Indepth discussion is provided regarding densification as a function of various attributes of powder packing, printing, and post-processing. A few grades of stainless steel obtained equivalent or superior mechanical properties compared to cold working. Although binder jetting has gained its popularity in the past several years, it has not been sufficiently studied compared with other metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes such as powder bed fusion and directed energy deposition. Some aspects that need further research include the understanding of powder spreading process, binder-powder interaction, and part shrinkage.
Tribological Performance of Steel With Multi-Layer Graphene Grown by Low-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Singh Sudesh , Chen Xinchun , Zhang Chenhui , Gautam Rakesh Kumar , Tyagi Rajnesh , Luo Jianbin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
To explore the potential of directly grown multi-layer graphene as an agent in reducing friction and wear of steel on steel tribo-pair, multi-layer graphene films were synthesized on GCr15 steel in a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) setup using a gaseous mixture of acetylene and hydrogen onto a bearing steel substrate. An interlayer of electroplated nickel was deposited on steel to assist and accelerate the graphene deposition. The tribological performance was evaluated using a ball-on-disc tribometer with an average Hertzian pressure of 0.2, 0.28, 0.34, and 0.42 GPa over a stroke length of 5 mm against GCr15 steel ball and compared with bare steel and nickel-plated steel. The results indicate that the friction coefficient is dependent on the applied load and decrease with increasing load, and the minimum friction coefficient of ∼0.13 was obtained for an applied normal load of 1 N; however, the coating failed after 250 cycles. The decrease in friction coefficient has been attributed to the homogenization of the deposited multi-layer graphene along the sliding direction and transfer of graphene to counter-face ball leading to inhibition of metal-metal contact. The investigation suggests that this kind of coating has the potential of improving the tribological performance of metal-metal tribo-pairs.
Analysis of Chemo-Poro-Thermo-Mechanical Effects on Wellbore Strengthening
Authors: Li Jia , Qiu Zhengsong , Zhong Hanyi , Zhao Xin , Huang Weian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The application of wellbore strengthening treatment has less effect on shale formations. Several numerical studies were developed to describe the mechanism, which promoted the development of wellbore strengthening theory. Previous studies explored the mechanism mainly by considering the seepage flow. Therefore, multi-field coupled models were established to analyze the solute transmission, thermal convection, and heat conduction on wellbore strengthening by introducing the theory of multi-field coupling into physical model. First, the fracture width distribution and wellbore tangential stress were investigated to research the interaction of thermal and chemical effects with different gradients. Then, the concrete mechanism of temperature and solute concentration gradient was analyzed based on the distribution of pore pressure and stress field. Results show that the prediction of hoop stress and fracture aperture may not be accurate without considering the influence of solute transfer, thermal convection, and heat conduction, because stress state is mainly affected by temperature field and the pore pressure varies greatly under different chemical gradients. Additionally, the lower temperature and larger solute concentration improve the wellbore strengthening effect of drilling fluid.
Tight Bounds on Online Checkpointing Algorithms
Authors: Bar-On Achiya , Dinur Itai , Dunkelman Orr , Hod Rani , Keller Nathan , Ronen Eyal , Shamir Adi 
Published: June 2020

The problem of online checkpointing is a classical problem with numerous applications that has been studied in various forms for almost 50 years. In the simplest version of this problem, a user has to maintain
k
memorized checkpoints during a long computation, where the only allowed operation is to move one of the checkpoints from its old time to the current time, and his goal is to keep the checkpoints as evenly spread out as possible at all times.

Bringmann, Doerr, Neumann, and Sliacan studied this problem as a special case of an online/offline optimization problem in which the deviation from uniformity is measured by the natural discrepancy metric of the worst case ratio between real and ideal segment lengths. They showed this discrepancy is smaller than 1.59-o(1) for all
k
and smaller than ln 4-o(1)≈ 1.39 for the sparse subset of
k
’s, which are powers of 2. In addition, they obtained upper bounds on the achievable discrepancy for some small values of
k
.

In this article, we solve the main problems left open in the above-mentioned paper by proving that ln 4 is a tight upper and lower bound on the asymptotic discrepancy for all large
k
and by providing tight upper and lower bounds (in the form of provably optimal checkpointing algorithms, some of which are in fact better than those of Bringmann et al.) for all the small values of
k
≤ 10.

In the last part of the article, we describe some new applications of this online checkpointing problem.
Phosphorylated Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Is Associated with Clinical Benefit with Regorafenib in Relapsed Glioblastoma: REGOMA Trial Biomarker Analysis
Authors: Indraccolo Stefano , De Salvo Gian Luca , Verza Martina , Caccese Mario , Esposito Giovanni , Piga Ilaria , Del Bianco Paola , Pizzi Marco , Gardiman Marina Paola , Eoli Marica , Rudà Roberta , Brandes Alba Ariela , Ibrahim Toni , Rizzato Simona , Lolli Ivan , Zagonel Vittorina , Lombardi Giuseppe 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
Preclinical studies show that antiangiogenic therapy exacerbates tumor glycolysis and activates liver kinase B1/AMP kinase (AMPK), a pathway involved in the regulation of tumor metabolism. We investigated whether certain metabolism-related in situ biomarkers could predict benefit to regorafenib in the phase II randomized REGOMA trial.

Patients and Methods:
IHC and digital pathology analysis were used to investigate the expression in glioblastoma (GBM) sections of monocarboxylate transporter 1 and 4 (MCT1 and MCT4), associated with OXPHOS and glycolysis, respectively, phosphorylated AMPK (pAMPK), and phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (pACC), a canonical target of AMPK activity. The status of each biomarker was associated with clinical endpoints, including overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with relapsed GBM treated either with regorafenib or lomustine.

Results:
Between November 2015 and February 2017, 119 patients were enrolled (n = 59 regorafenib and n = 60 lomustine) and stratified for surgery at recurrence, and baseline characteristics were balanced. Biomarker analysis was performed in 84 patients (71%), including 42 patients of the regorafenib arm and 42 patients of the lomustine arm. Among all markers analyzed, only pACC showed predictive value in terms of OS. In fact, median OS was 9.3 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.6–13.2] for regorafenib and 5.5 months (95% CI, 4.2–6.6) for lomustine for pACC-positive patients, HR, 0.37 (95% CI, 0.20–0.70); log rank P = 0.0013; test for interaction = 0.0453. No statistically significant difference was demonstrated for PFS according to pACC status.

Conclusions:
We found that AMPK pathway activation is associated with clinical benefit from treatment with regorafenib in relapsed GBM.
Characterization of a Novel FLT3 BiTE Molecule for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Brauchle Bettina , Goldstein Rebecca L. , Karbowski Christine M. , Henn Anja , Li Chi-Ming , Bücklein Veit L. , Krupka Christina , Boyle Michael C. , Koppikar Priya , Haubner Sascha , Wahl Joachim , Dahlhoff Christoph , Raum Tobias , Rardin Matthew J. , Sastri Christine , Rock Dan A. , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Frank Brendon , Metzeler Klaus H. , Case Ryan , Friedrich Matthias , Balazs Mercedesz , Spiekermann Karsten , Coxon Angela , Subklewe Marion , Arvedson Tara 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Despite advances in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), novel therapies are needed to induce deeper and more durable clinical response. Bispecific T-cell Engager (BiTE) molecules, which redirect patient T cells to lyse tumor cells, are a clinically validated modality for hematologic malignancies. Due to broad AML expression and limited normal tissue expression, fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is proposed to be an optimal BiTE molecule target. Expression profiling of FLT3 was performed in primary AML patient samples and normal hematopoietic cells and nonhematopoietic tissues. Two novel FLT3 BiTE molecules, one with a half-life extending (HLE) Fc moiety and one without, were assessed for T-cell–dependent cellular cytotoxicity (TDCC) of FLT3-positive cell lines in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. FLT3 protein was detected on the surface of most primary AML bulk and leukemic stem cells but only a fraction of normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. FLT3 protein detected in nonhematopoietic cells was cytoplasmic. FLT3 BiTE molecules induced TDCC of FLT3-positive cells in vitro, reduced tumor growth and increased survival in AML mouse models in vivo. Both molecules exhibited reproducible pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles in cynomolgus monkeys in vivo, including elimination of FLT3-positive cells in blood and bone marrow. In ex vivo cultures of primary AML samples, patient T cells induced TDCC of FLT3-positive target cells. Combination with PD-1 blockade increased BiTE activity. These data support the clinical development of an FLT3 targeting BiTE molecule for the treatment of AML.
Oncogenic Gene-Expression Programs in Leiomyosarcoma and Characterization of Conventional, Inflammatory, and Uterogenic Subtypes
Authors: Hemming Matthew L. , Fan Changyu , Raut Chandrajit P. , Demetri George D. , Armstrong Scott A. , Sicinska Ewa , George Suzanne 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a mesenchymal neoplasm with complex copy-number alterations and characteristic loss of tumor suppressor genes without known recurrent activating mutations. Clinical management of advanced LMS relies on chemotherapy and complementary palliative approaches, and research efforts to date have had limited success identifying clinically actionable biomarkers or targeted therapeutic vulnerabilities. To explore the biological underpinning of LMS, we evaluated gene-expression patterns of this disease in comparison with diverse sarcomas, nonmesenchymal neoplasms, and normal myogenic tissues. We identified a recurrent gene-expression program in LMS, with evidence of oncogenic evolution of an underlying smooth-muscle lineage-derived program characterized by activation of E2F1 and downstream effectors. Recurrently amplified or highly expressed genes in LMS were identified, including IGF1R and genes involved in retinoid signaling pathways. Though the majority of expressed transcripts were conserved across LMS samples, three separate subtypes were identified that were enriched for muscle-associated transcripts (conventional LMS), immune markers (inflammatory LMS), or a uterine-like gene-expression program (uterogenic LMS). Each of these subtypes expresses a unique subset of genes that may be useful in the management of LMS: IGF1R was enriched in conventional LMS, worse disease-specific survival was observed in inflammatory LMS, and prolactin was elaborated by uterogenic LMS. These results extend our understanding of LMS biology and identify several strategies and challenges for further translational investigation.

Implications:
LMS has a recurrent oncogenic transcriptional program and consists of molecular subtypes with biological and possible clinical implications.
Increasing ecoliteracy and student creativity in waste utilization by usingmodels in project based learning social studies learning
Authors: Putri Sekarsari Sunaryo , Japar Muhammad , Bagaskorowati Riana 
Published: June 2020

<span lang="EN-ID">This study aims to determine the increase in ecoliteracy and creativity in waste utilization by using a project-based-learning (PBL) model in social studies learning. This research is a classroom action research (Action Research). The design of the action model used is the Kemmis and Mc model. Taggart. This research was conducted in the fifth grade (V) of Primary Schools. Data collection techniques used in the study were observation sheet, interview, documentation, and field notes instruments. The results of this study showed that there was an increase in ecolithicacy ability.</span><span lang="EN-ID">Based on the results of the pretest conducted on December 17, 2018, it can be seen that students in Telajung 02 Public Elementary School have not had the ability of Ecoliteracy and students' creativity in utilizing waste. Of the 32 students, the highest score that can be obtained is only 40 from a maximum score of 100. While the lowest value obtained is 20 from a maximum score of 100. In the first cycle, around 63% of students classified as having high ecoliteration ability, 9% classified as having the low ecoliteration ability and 28% classified as having the very low ecoliteration ability. </span><span lang="EN-ID">In cycle II, there was an increase, around 90% of students classified as having high ecoliteration ability, 6% classified as having the low ecoliteration ability and 4% classified as having low ecoliteration ability. </span><span lang="EN-ID">The average value of ecoliteration ability in the first cycle was 87.6 and the second cycle increased to 78.2. In addition, students become more active in the learning process and more courageous in expressing their opinions. This shows that the ecoliteracy and creativity of students can be improved through the project-based-learning model.</span>
Teacher candidates’ state of using digital educational games
Authors: Alkan Ayşe , Mertol Hüseyin 
Published: June 2020

<p>The rapidly developing information technologies of our age offer new opportunities in every aspect of our lives. The use of information technologies in educational environments is an important element in creating enriched learning environments. Educational digital games used in teaching-learning environments help students to develop motivation, problem-solving, strategy development skills and creativity. The purpose of this research was to determine the teacher candidates’ state of using digital educational games. The study group of the research consisted of 4th-grade teacher candidates who are studying in the social sciences and classroom teaching departments of Süleyman Demirel University during the 2018/2019 academic year. It has been found that men teacher candidates were more positive than women teacher candidates. Teacher candidates studying social sciences were more positive than those studying classroom teaching. Although teacher candidates were concerned about using educational digital games, they were eager to use these games.</p>
The non-technical skills needed by graduates of technical colleges in metalwork technology
Authors: Shola. F Bakare , Latib Azlan Abdul , Samari Rosmah , Kamin Yusri , Saud Muhammad Sukri , Amin Nor Fadila 
Published: June 2020

<span>This study</span><span>center</span><span lang="IN">ed</span><span> on the views of the professionals about the non-technical skills considered crucial as recruitment prerequisite among graduates of metalwork technology from technical and vocational institutions in Nigeria. It will also examine the possibility of integrating these skills into the curriculum. The study made use of the survey research design. One research question guided the study. The population for the study comprised metalwork technology professionals in Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria. A 36-item questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The instrument was validated by experts from the University of Lagos (UNILAG). The reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha and the reliability index which stood at 0.79. The data collected were analysed using mean statistic and standard deviation. The study revealed that professionals placed great importance on communication skills, problem-solving skills, teamwork skills and self-management qualities among others, as important recruitment prerequisite among graduates of metalwork technology from technical and vocational institutions in Nigeria. The study concludes with the suggestions that non-technical skills should be integrated into the curriculum particularly in the field of metalwork technology in technical colleges. Students should be familiar with the employers’ recruitment criteria while they are still in schools in order to equip them with the necessary skills needed for employment. </span>
Qualitative doctoral research in educational settings: Reflecting on meaningful encounters
Authors: Pieridou Myria , Kambouri-Danos Maria 
Published: June 2020

<p>In qualitative doctoral research the methodological approach, and <br /> the research design are extremely important when ensuring the rigorousness of the work. This is particularly significant for all researchers, and even more for doctoral students who are still developing their research and analytical skills. This paper aims to support doctoral students in their research journey by highlighting some of the tensions involved in conducting qualitative research by unpicking the experiences of two doctoral students to learn from the concerns, questions and reflections on the use of qualitative methodology in their doctoral research projects. The findings reveal challenges and insights with regards to reflection, educational research and the developing identity of being a researcher. The paper discusses these reflections to support and guide doctoral students as early career researchers when planning and conducting qualitative research in educational settings. </p>