bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enabling Natural Graphite in High‐Voltage Aqueous Graphite || Zn Metal Dual‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Rodríguez‐Pérez Ismael A. , Zhang Lu , Wrogemann Jens Matthies , Driscoll Darren M. , Sushko Maria L. , Han Kee Sung , Fulton John L. , Engelhard Mark H. , Balasubramanian Mahalingam , Viswanathan Vilayanur V. , Murugesan Vijayakumar , Li Xiaolin , Reed David , Sprenkle Vincent , Winter Martin , Placke Tobias 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSafety and cost are the key metrics for large‐scale energy storage. Due to the use of nonaqueous electrolytes and transition metal oxides in current lithium‐ion battery technologies, safety, cost, and environmental issues are a significant cause for concern. Graphite is a promising cathode material for dual‐ion batteries due to its high operating potential, low cost, and high safety. Nevertheless, it is challenging to find a suitable aqueous electrolyte due to the narrow electrochemical stability window (1.23 V). This work presents a graphite || zinc metal aqueous dual‐ion battery of ≈2.3–2.5 V, a remarkably high voltage in aqueous zinc batteries, achieving >80% capacity retention after 200 cycles and delivering ≈110 mAh g–1 at a charge/discharge current of 200 mA g–1. A capacity of nearly 60 mAh g–1 is achieved at a charge/discharge current of 5000 mA g–1. Natural graphite is enabled as a reversible cathode using a highly concentrated lithium‐free bisalt aqueous electrolyte.
Did the New School Meal Standards Improve the Overall Quality of Children's Diets?
Authors: Smith Travis A. , Mojduszka Eliza M. , Chen Shun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSchool meal programs represent the second largest form of food assistance in the United States. Schools receive federal reimbursements, totaling $17 billion in 2018, provided they meet certain nutritional standards. The Healthy Hunger‐Free Kids Act (HHFKA) updated these standards beginning with 2012–2013 school year. We document the impact of consuming school‐prepared food, rather than home‐prepared food, on diet quality pre‐ and postpolicy reform. Pre‐HHFKA, school food increased dietary quality for relatively disadvantaged children, with null‐to‐negative effects among all other students. Post‐HHFKA, significant improvements are observed across the entire distribution of dietary quality, mainly driven by older, higher‐income students.
EU Regulation of New Plant Breeding Technologies and Their Possible Economic Implications for the EU and Beyond
Authors: Purnhagen Kai , Wesseler Justus 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNew plant breeding technologies (NPBTs), including CRISPR gene editing, are being used widely, and they are driving the development of new crops. They are nevertheless a subject of criticism and discussion. According to a summer 2018 interpretation by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) applying an absolute interpretation of the precautionary principle, European Union (EU) law makes most NPBTs subject to regulations governing the use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in the EU. This contribution summarizes the status of the debate and highlights issues that have thus far not been considered—particularly with regard to the implications of EU regulations for NPBTs for countries outside the EU.
Cobalt(III)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Carboamination by C−H Functionalization
Authors: Ozols Kristers , Onodera Shunsuke , Woźniak Łukasz , Cramer Nicolai 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHigh‐valent cyclopentadienyl cobalt catalysis is a versatile tool for sustainable C−H bond functionalizations. To harness the full potential of this strategy, control of the stereoselectivity of these processes is necessary. Herein, we report highly enantioselective intermolecular carboaminations of alkenes through C−H activation of N‐phenoxyamides catalyzed by CoIII‐complexes equipped with chiral cyclopentadienyl (Cpx) ligands. The method converts widely available acrylates as well as bicyclic olefins into attractive enantioenriched isotyrosine derivatives as well as elaborated amino‐substituted bicyclic scaffolds under very mild conditions. The outlined reactivity is unique to the CpxCoIII complexes and is complementary to the reactivity of 4d‐ and 5d‐ precious‐metal catalysts.
Incorporation of graphene oxide and calcium phosphate in the PCL/PHBV core‐shell nanofibers as bone tissue scaffold
Authors: Kheiri Mollaqasem Vahid , Asefnejad Azadeh , Nourani Mohammad Reza , Goodarzi Vahabodin , Kalaee Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBone tissue scaffolds should have both desired mechanical stability and cell activities including biocompatibility, cell differentiation, and maturation. Also, suitable mineralization is another key factor for these materials. Hence, in current work, in order to achieve a scaffold with desired mechanical and bioactivity properties, core‐shell nanofibers based on the polycaprolactone and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) with different concentration of graphene oxide (GO) (0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt%) and calcium phosphate (CP) (1 and 3 wt%) were prepared to utilize as bone scaffold. Microstructure of nanofibers observed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE‐SEM) and results exhibited that the most of nanofibers had 270–500 nm diameter. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray evaluations verified appearance of GO and CP into the electrospun scaffolds (ES). Transmission electron microscopy analysis endorsed core‐shell structure of nanofibers. X‐ray diffraction study moreover determination of semicrystalline structure, verified presence of GO and CaPO4 into the nanofibers. Water contact angle demonstrates that, ES2 and ES3 situated in suitable domain of hydrophilicity. Tensile analysis determined that, ES2, ES3, and ES4 had the highest mechanical properties for use as bone scaffold. Cell viability assessment confirmed biocompatibility of scaffold during 7 days. Alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining exhibited maturating and differentiating of osteocytes after 21 days seeding on the scaffolds.
Finite‐time command filtered control combined with pi‐sigma fuzzy neural network for hydraulic control system
Authors: Shen Wei , Shen Chao , Su Xiaoyu , Wang Jiehao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper considers the problem of the finite‐time command filtered control for hydraulic motor system with external load disturbance using a new hydraulic transformer. Based on the backstepping design method and pi‐sigma fuzzy neural network, a controller is designed. Firstly, the mathematical model of the hydraulic motor system is established, and the command filtered method is employed to solve the problem of the “explosion of complexity” caused by repeated differentiation of the virtual control signals in the backstepping design process, and the error compensation mechanisms are designed to reduce the errors produced by command filters. Then, the finite‐time control approach is adopted to guarantee the tracking errors converge in finite time. In addition, the pi‐sigma fuzzy neural network is used to approximate the nonlinear functions. The designed controller not only solves the strong nonlinear coupling but also enables the system to work efficiently with stronger robustness and faster error convergence. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller is shown by comparisons with the traditional PID and pi‐sigma fuzzy neural networks methods.
Ermittlung der charakteristischen Betondruckfestigkeit von Bestandstragwerken nach DIN EN 13791:2020 für geringe Stichprobenumfänge
Authors: Sefrin Rabea , Glock Christian , Schwabach Enrico 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDer Nachrechnung von Bestandstragwerken kommt eine steigende Bedeutung zu, denn im Sinne eines ressourceneffizienten Umgangs mit Bestandsbauten sollte der Umnutzung Vorrang vor Abriss und Neubau gegeben werden. Bisher stand für die Berechnung der charakteristischen In‐situ‐Betondruckfestigkeit in Deutschland DIN EN 13791:2008 mit Nationalem Anhang DIN EN 13791/A20:2017 zur Verfügung. Die im Februar 2020 veröffentlichte DIN EN 13791:2020 löst formal DIN EN 13791:2008 ab, wobei noch keine neuen Nationalen Anwendungsregeln für Deutschland vorhanden sind. Besonders bei der Ermittlung der charakteristischen In‐situ‐Betondruckfestigkeit auf Grundlage eines geringen Bohrkernstichprobenumfangs (3 ≤ n ≤ 7) ergeben sich im Vergleich zu den bisherigen Regelungen deutliche Änderungen. Allerdings liegen aktuell keine Hintergrundinformationen bezüglich der statistischen Belastbarkeit der neuen Verfahren vor, weshalb diese im Rahmen des Forschungsvorhabens DBV 317 untersucht wurden.
A problem‐/case‐based learning approach as an useful tool for studying glycogen metabolism and its regulation
Authors: García‐Ponce Ángel Luis , Martínez‐Poveda Beatriz , Blanco‐López Ángel , Quesada Ana R. , Suárez Fernanda , Alonso‐Carrión Francisco José , Medina Miguel Ángel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMetabolism and its regulation is one of the most complex and difficult topics for students learning biochemistry. A problem‐/case‐based learning (PBL) approach can be useful to help biochemistry students to fulfill the goal of acquiring an integrated view of metabolism and its regulation. The present article describes our experience enrolling volunteer students to learn glycogen metabolism making use of a design‐based research methodology to develop teaching learning sequences focused on a PBL approach. Enrolled undergraduate students had better final scores than those students that did not participates. Furthermore, enrolled students were satisfied with the experience, finding it interesting, formative, and challenging.
Antrodia camphorata polysaccharide resists 6‐OHDA‐induced dopaminergic neuronal damage by inhibiting ROS‐NLRP3 activation
Authors: Han Chenyang , Shen Heping , Yang Yi , Sheng Yongjia , Wang Jin , Li Wenyan , Zhou Xiaohong , Guo Li , Zhai Liping , Guan Qiaobing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroductionParkinson's disease (PD) is a common degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The main pathological change is the apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNPc), thereby leading to dopamine reduction in nigral striatum. 6‐Hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA), a neurotoxic substance, mediates apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons and causes Parkinson‐like symptoms in mice.MethodsOur team previously found that Antrodia camphorata polysaccharide (ACP) exerted a good behavioral improvement effect on the PD mouse model established by 6‐OHDA; however, the mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, in this study, we focused on ROS‐NLRP3 signal to investigate the mechanism of 6‐OHDA‐induced apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons MES23.5 and the protective effects of ACP on dopaminergic neurons.Result6‐OHDA could further activate the expression of inflammasome NLRP3 by inducing ROS, thereby resulting in apoptosis of MES23.5 cells. ACP could inhibit the expression of ROS‐NLRP3 induced by 6‐OHDA, exerting a protective role in MES23.5 cells. Animal experiments also confirmed that ACP intervention could reduce the activation level of ROS‐NLRP3 in the substantia nigra–striatum and improve the exercise capacity of PD mice.ConclusionOur study validated that 6‐OHDA could induce apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons via ROS‐NLRP3 activation. ACP could inhibit this signal and protect dopaminergic neurons, which might be promising in research of PD therapeutics.
Common carotid artery endovascular clamping for neuroprotection during carotid stenting: Flow‐gate system as an innovative treatment approach
Authors: Gabrielli Roberto , Castrucci Tommaso , Siani Andrea , Accrocca Federico , Rizzo Anna Rita , Spinelli Alessio , Cancellieri Roberto , Bartoli Stefano 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe here report our clinical experience in CAS management through common carotid artery endovascular clamping with FlowGate2 system.MethodsForty‐five patients were enrolled with de novo asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis ≥70%. Cerebral protection during the stenting procedure was achieved using a unique endovascular clamping technique developed in our Institution which includes: (a) the occlusion of the common carotid artery only, through inflatable balloons integrated in the FlowGate2 Balloon Guide Catheter system; (b) flow inversion connecting catheter to 16 G blood cannula previously placed in arm vein; (c) after the placement of the stent, the flow inversion is maintained for 30 s to allow debris washout. The related primary end‐point was the rate of Diffusion‐weighted imaging magnetic resonance (DWI) micro‐embolic scattering of infarction. The patient's clinical and the neurological status were assessed prior, during and after intervention, at discharge.ResultsTransient clamping intolerance was observed in two patients (2/45; 4%). One minor stroke (1/45; 2%) occurred 8 hr the procedure with DWI ipsilateral micro‐embolic lesions. No major strokes or deaths were observed at 3 months follow‐up. DWI demonstrated ipsilateral micro‐embolic scattering of infarction, in one asymptomatic patient. In all patients, no worst changes in NIHSS scale assessment were recorded at 1, 3, and 6 months.ConclusionsOur data confirmed the efficacy of FlowGate2 in terms of neuroprotection during CAS. To our knowledge, these are the first published data on this innovative approach developed in our institution. A large controlled trial is ongoing to confirm preliminary evidences.
Intraoral localized methotrexate‐associated lymphoproliferative disorders concurrent with antiresorptive agent‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A case report and literature review
Authors: Minabe Masaki , Suzuki Taiki , Komatsu Masumi , Hashimoto Kazuhiko , Nomura Takeshi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntraoral localized methotrexate‐associated lymphoproliferative disorders can cause antiresorptive agent‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw associated with infection due to its immunological abnormalities and ulcer formation.
Microscale Electrochemical Cell on a Custom CMOS Transimpedance Amplifier for High Temporal Resolution Single Entity Electrochemistry**
Authors: Brunet Cabré Marc , Djekic Denis , Romano Timothée , Hanna Nadim , Anders Jens , McKelvey Kim 
Published: September 2020

AbstractStochastic collision electrochemistry requires high‐resolution and high‐bandwidth current amplification due to the low magnitude and short duration of the current signals. However, increasing the current amplifier bandwidth leads to increased current noise levels, which in turn obscures the current signal generated from stochastic collision electrochemistry experiments. The key to minimizing current noise is an experimental configuration that minimizes the input capacitance to the current amplifier. Here, we report a new strategy to minimize the input capacitance to a current amplifier by using a movable microscale electrochemical cell, formed at the end of a micropipette using a scanning electrochemical cell microscopy approach, to conduct electrochemical experiments in close proximity (∼300 μm) to a transimpedance amplifier. We demonstrated this via electro‐oxidation of single Ag nanoparticles detected at a bandwidth of 1 MHz.
DNA‐Targeting RuII‐Polypyridyl Complex with a Long‐Lived Intraligand Excited State as a Potential Photodynamic Therapy Agent
Authors: Hua Wuyang , Xu Gang , Zhao Jian , Wang Z. , Lu Jiapeng , Sun Wenfang , Gou Shaohua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSubtle ligand modifications on RuII‐polypyridyl complexes may result in different excited‐state characteristics, which provides the opportunity to tune their photo‐physicochemical properties and subsequently change their biological functions. Here, a DNA‐targeting RuII‐polypyridyl complex (named Ru1) with highly photosensitizing 3IL (intraligand) excited state was designed based on a classical DNA‐intercalator [Ru(bpy)2(dppz)]⋅2 PF6 by incorporation of the dppz (dipyrido[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine) ligand tethered with a pyrenyl group, which has four orders of magnitude higher potency than the model complex [Ru(bpy)2(dppz)]⋅2 PF6 upon light irradiation. This study provides a facile strategy for the design of organelle‐targeting RuII‐polypyridyl complexes with dramatically improved photobiological activity.
Dinitrogen Fixation: Rationalizing Strategies Utilizing Molecular Complexes
Authors: Masero Fabio , Perrin Marie A. , Dey Subal , Mougel Victor 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDinitrogen (N2) is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere, but its inertness hinders its use as a nitrogen source in the biosphere and in industry. Efficient catalysts are hence required to ov. ercome the high kinetic barriers associated to N2transformation. In that respect, molecular complexes have demonstrated strong potential to mediate N2functionalization reactions under mild conditions while providing a straightforward understanding of the reaction mechanisms. This Review emphasizes the strategies for N2reduction and functionalization using molecular transition metal and actinide complexes according to their proposed reaction mechanisms, distinguishing complexes inducing cleavage of the N≡N bond before (dissociative mechanism) or concomitantly with functionalization (associative mechanism). We present here the main examples of stoichiometric and catalytic N2functionalization reactions following these strategies.
Asymmetric Ring Opening in a Tetrazine‐Based Ligand Affords a Tetranuclear Opto‐Magnetic Ytterbium Complex
Authors: Richardson Paul , Marin Riccardo , Zhang Yixin , Gabidullin Bulat , Ovens Jeffrey , Moilanen Jani O. , Murugesu Muralee 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe report the formation of a tetranuclear lanthanide cluster, [Yb4(bpzch)2(fod)10] (1), which occurs from a serendipitous ring opening of the functionalised tetrazine bridging ligand, bpztz (3,6‐dipyrazin‐2‐yl‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine) upon reacting with Yb(fod)3 (fod−=6,6,7,7,8,8,8‐heptafluoro‐2,2‐dimethyl‐3,5‐octandionate). Compound 1 was structurally elucidated via single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography and subsequently magnetically and spectroscopically characterised to analyse its magnetisation dynamics and its luminescence behaviour. Computational studies validate the observed MJ energy levels attained by spectroscopy and provides a clearer picture of the slow relaxation of the magnetisation dynamics and relaxation pathways. These studies demonstrate that 1 acts as a single‐molecule magnet (SMM) under an applied magnetic field in which the relaxation occurs via a combination of Raman, direct, and quantum tunnelling processes, a behaviour further rationalised analysing the luminescent properties. This marks the first lanthanide‐containing molecule that forms by means of an asymmetric tetrazine decomposition.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Non‐Hydrolyzable Phospho‐Lysine Peptide Mimics
Authors: Hauser Anett , Poulou Eleftheria , Müller Fabian , Schmieder Peter , Hackenberger Christian P. R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe intrinsic lability of the phosphoramidate P−N bond in phosphorylated histidine (pHis), arginine (pHis) and lysine (pLys) residues is a significant challenge for the investigation of these post‐translational modifications (PTMs), which gained attention rather recently. While stable mimics of pHis and pArg have contributed to study protein substrate interactions or to generate antibodies for enrichment as well as detection, no such analogue has been reported yet for pLys. This work reports the synthesis and evaluation of two pLys mimics, a phosphonate and a phosphate derivative, which can easily be incorporated into peptides using standard fluorenyl‐methyloxycarbonyl‐ (Fmoc‐)based solid‐phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). In order to compare the biophysical properties of natural pLys with our synthetic mimics, the pKa values of pLys and analogues were determined in titration experiments applying nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in small model peptides. These results were used to compute electrostatic potential (ESP) surfaces obtained after molecular geometry optimization. These findings indicate the potential of the designed non‐hydrolyzable, phosphonate‐based mimic for pLys in various proteomic approaches.
High‐performance iterative dataflow abstractions in Twister2:TSet
Authors: Wickramasinghe Pulasthi , Perera Niranda , Kamburugamuve Supun , Govindarajan Kannan , Abeykoon Vibhatha , Widanage Chathura , Uyar Ahmet , Gunduz Gurhan , Akkas Selahattin , Fox Geoffrey 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe dataflow model is gradually becoming the de facto standard for big data applications. While many popular frameworks are built around this model, very little research has been done on understanding its inner workings, which in turn has led to inefficiencies in existing frameworks. It is important to note that understanding the relationship between dataflow and high performance computing (HPC) building blocks allows us to address and alleviate many of these fundamental inefficiencies by learning from the extensive research literature in the HPC community. In this article, we present TSets, the dataflow abstraction of Twister2, which is a big data framework designed for high‐performance dataflow and iterative computations. We discuss the dataflow model adopted by TSets and the rationale behind implementing iteration handling at the worker level. Finally, we evaluate TSets to show the performance of the framework and the importance of the worker level iteration model.
Reliability assessment between clinical attachment loss and alveolar bone level in dental radiographs
Authors: Farook Fathima Fazrina , Alodwene Hussah , Alharbi Rasha , Alyami Meral , Alshahrani Amjad , Almohammadi Duaa , Alnasyan Bothinah , Aboelmaaty Wael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical attachment level (CAL) and radiographically assessed bone levels are used to assess the loss of periodontal tissue support in periodontitis, a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory disease of the periodontium. However, few studies have been done to study the relationship between these two parameters. According to our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the relationship between the two measurements using intraclass correlation analysis.AimThe aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between CAL and radiographically assessed bone level in teeth affected with periodontitis.MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted by selecting a sample of 880 periodontal sites in 104 periodontitis patients, aged 25–60 years. CAL and peri‐apical radiographs of the selected sites were obtained from the computerized patient records. The distance from the cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) to the base of the alveolar bone level (ABL) was measured. The data was analyzed using SPSS.ResultsIntraclass correlation analysis (ICC) revealed a moderate degree of reliability between CAL and CEJ to ABL measurements. The average ICC was 0.68 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.53–0.77 (p < .001) indicating moderate to good reliability. Comparing the types of teeth, the central incisors, particularly the lower central incisors showed the highest ICC values (ICC: 0.822, CI: 0.77–0.86) indicating good reliability while the premolar and molars showed poor to moderate agreement (Maxillary premolars ICC: 0.464, CI: −0.18–0.74; maxillary first molar ICC: 0.516, CI: −0.154–0.772; mandibular first premolar ICC: 0.662, CI: 0.269–0.782; mandibular first molar ICC: 0.625, CI: 0.31–0.82). A moderate correlation existed between the radiographic and the clinical assessments (r = 0.5, p < .001).ConclusionDespite the fact that significant varying levels of reliability has been found between CAL and radiographic bone level, both the clinical and radiographic examinations should be performed for the accuracy of diagnosis.