bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circular RNA circMAN2B2 promotes growth and migration of gastric cancer cells by down‐regulation of miR‐145
Authors: Sun Bo , Sun Haiyuan , Wang Qunying , Wang Xinhong , Quan Jingzi , Dong Dongfang , Lun Yue 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCircMAN2B2 is a newly discovered circRNA that has been found to be an oncogene in lung cancer and glioma. The present study was designed to reveal the role of circMAN2B2 in gastric carcinoma (GC).MethodsqRT‐PCR method was utilized to examine circMAN2B2 expression in GC tissues and paracancerous tissues. Next, circMAN2B2 expression in SNU‐16 and AGS cells was silenced by transfection. CCK‐8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometer, Transwell assay, and Western blot were conducted for testing cell phenotype changes. Further, the downstream genes and signaling were uncovered by qRT‐PCR and Western blot.ResultsAs relative to paracancerous tissues, circMAN2B2 was high‐expressed in GC tissues. Silence of circMAN2B2 clearly declined SNU‐16 and AGS cells viability, survival, migration but enhanced apoptosis. Meanwhile, silence of circMAN2B2 induced the cleavage of caspases (−3 and −9), down‐regulation of MMPs (−2 and −9), and up‐regulation of miR‐145. The impacts of circMAN2B2 silence toward SNU‐16 and AGS cells were attenuated by miR‐145 silence. Moreover, circMAN2B2 silence deactivated PI3K, AKT while activated JNK through regulating miR‐145.ConclusionThis work presented the oncogenic function of circMAN2B2 in GC cells growth and migration. CircMAN2B2 exerted its function possibly through regulating miR‐145 as well as PI3K/AKT and JNK pathways.
Perceived acceptability of wearable devices for the treatment of mental health problems
Authors: Hunkin Hugh , King Daniel L. , Zajac Ian T. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the potential acceptability of wearable devices (e.g., smart headbands, wristbands, and watches) aimed at treating mental health disorders, relative to conventional approaches.MethodsA questionnaire assessed perceptions of wearable and nonwearable treatments, along with demographic and psychological information. Respondents (N = 427) were adults from a community sample (Mage = 44.6, SDage = 15.3) which included current (30.2%) and former (53.9%) mental health help‐seekers.ResultsPerceived effectiveness of wearables was a strong predictor of interest in using them as adjuncts to talk therapies, or as an alternative to self‐help options (e.g., smartphone applications). Devices were more appealing to those with negative evaluations of psychological therapy and less experience in help‐seeking.ConclusionsInterest in using wearable devices was strong, particularly when devices were seen as effective. Clients with negative attitudes to conventional therapies may be more responsive to using wearable devices as a less directive treatment approach.
Male fertility in Mus musculus requires the activity of TRYX5 in sperm migration into the oviduct
Authors: Zhang Haihang , Li Yushan , Cui Kuiqing , Chen Xiu , Shang Cuiling , Min Wanping , Jin Peng , Jiang Zhaodi , Shi Deshun , Liu Qingyou , Wang Fengchao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNowadays, abnormal loss of serine proteases appears very frequently in male patients with unexplained sterility. In fact, many testis‐specific serine proteases, the largest family among the four protease families implicated in murine spermatogenesis, are indispensable for reproduction. In the present study, we demonstrate that the previously uncharacterized testis‐specific serine protease TRYX5 (1700074P13Rik) is required for male fertility in mice. Tryx5−/− male mice are sterile, yet they have normal spermatogenesis and normal sperm parameters. In vivo fertilization experiments showed that the fertilization rate of Tryx5−/− sperm was almost zero. Sperm counting and analysis of paraffin sections of oviducts revealed that Tryx5−/− sperm were unable to migrate into the oviduct, which is likely the cause of the observed infertility of the Tryx5−/− male mice. Importantly, we also found that there was almost no mature ADAM3 present in Tryx5−/− sperm and almost no ADAM3 precursor in Tryx5−/− elongated spermatids of S13‐16 stage, even though testes of Tryx5−/− and wild type mice had the same amount of the total precursor ADAM3. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Tryx5 is essential for male fertility in mice and suggest that TRYX5 functions in the stability or localization of ADAM3 precursor in elongated spermatids S13‐16 stage, thereby regulating the ability of sperm to migrate from the uterus into the ampulla of the oviduct, the site of fertilization.
miRNA‐mediated macrophage behaviors responding to matrix stiffness and ox‐LDL
Authors: Li Jing , Wang Sufang , Li Yuhui , Zhang Nu , Gribskov Michael , Zhang Xi , Lin Min , Shao Dongyan , Zhang Chen , Dai Liangliang , Qin Chuanguang , Duan Xianglong , Li Juntang , Xu Feng , Yang Hui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAtherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, mainly due to the immune response triggered by the recruitment of monocytes/macrophages in the artery wall. Accumulating evidence have shown that matrix stiffness and oxidized low‐density lipoproteins (ox‐LDL) play important roles in atherosclerosis through modulating cellular behaviors. However, whether there is a synergistic effect for ox‐LDL and matrix stiffness on macrophages behavior has not been explored yet. In this study, we developed a model system to investigate the synergistic role of ox‐LDL and matrix stiffness on macrophage behaviors, such as migration, inflammatory and apoptosis. We found that there was a matrix stiffness‐dependent behavior of monocyte‐derived macrophages stimulated with ox‐LDL. What's more, macrophages were more sensitive to ox‐LDL on the stiff matrices compared to cells cultured on the soft matrices. Through next‐generation sequencing, we identified miRNAs in response to matrix stiffness and ox‐LDL and predicted pathways that showed the capability of miRNAs in directing macrophages fates. Our study provides a novel understanding of the important synergistic role of ox‐LDL and matrix stiffness in modulating macrophages behaviors, especially through miRNAs signaling pathways, which could be potential key regulators in atherosclerosis and immune‐targeted therapies.
Long noncoding RNA TCL6 binds to miR‐106a‐5p to regulate hepatocellular carcinoma cells through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Luo Li‐Hua , Jin Min , Wang Lan‐Qing , Xu Guo‐Jie , Lin Zhen‐Yu , Yu Dan‐Dan , Yang Sheng‐Li , Ran Rui‐Zhi , Wu Gang , Zhang Tao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to dysregulate and involve in the pathology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nonetheless, the functional role of lncRNA T cell leukemia/lymphoma 6 (TCL6) and its underlying mechanism in HCC remain unclear. Herein, we analyzed the expression of TCL6 and elucidated its mechanistic involvement in HCC. Bioinformatics analyses indicated TCL6 was evidently downregulated in HCC tissues compared with normal controls. TCL6 was downregulated while microRNA‐106a‐5p (miR‐106a‐5p) was upregulated in HCC cell lines. Moreover, knockdown or overexpression of TCL6 significantly raised or diminished the expression level of miR‐106a‐5p in HCC cells, similar to the effect of miR‐106a‐5p on TCL6 expression. Functionally, TCL6 inhibited the proliferative, migratory, and invasive potentials of HCC cells as analyzed by cell counting kit‐8, scratch wound healing, and transwell assays, respectively. Conversely, miR‐106a‐5p exerted an opposite effect on the proliferative, migratory, and invasive potentials of HCC. RNA immune precipitation and luciferase reporter assays revealed TCL6 directly bound to miR‐106a‐5p and luciferase reporter assay verified phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was a target gene of miR‐106a‐5p. Mechanistically, TCL6 knockdown evidently reduced PTEN expression at both messenger RNA and protein levels, and miR‐106a‐5p inhibitor partially rescued this reduction effect in HCC cells. Additionally, western blot assays demonstrated miR‐106a‐5p downregulation or TCL6 overexpression promoted the protein level of PTEN, and suppressed the phosphorylation level of AKT, the protein level of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K). Collectively, these results revealed TCL6 as a tumor‐suppressive lncRNA regulates PI3K/AKT signaling pathway via directly binding to miR‐106a‐5p in HCC. This mechanism provides a theoretical basis for HCC pathogenesis and a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC treatment.
The therapeutic effect of bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells on osteoarthritis is improved by the activation of the KDM6A/SOX9 signaling pathway caused by exposure to hypoxia
Authors: Zhi Zhongzheng , Zhang Chenglin , Kang Jian , Wang Yingjie , Liu Jingdong , Wu Furong , Xu Guanghui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAbnormal expression of KDM6A and SOX9 is a key factor in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Cellular treatments of OA with articular cartilage chondrocytes (ACCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are promising, but their underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. The pellet size, weight and sulfated glycosaminoglycan/DNA content of ACCs were measured to evaluate the effect of BMSCs on the chondrogenic differentiation of SCCs. 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to analyze the proliferation of ACCs cultured along or cocultured with BMSCs. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed to evaluate the messenger RNA expression of KDM6A, SOX9, type2 collagen, and Aggrecan in ACCs and OA rats. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were performed to analyze the expression of KDM6A and SOX9 proteins. Bisulfite sequencing PCR was performed to assess the DNA methylation level of the SOX9 promoter. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the apoptotic status of ACCs. The chondrogenic differentiation of ACCs was significantly enhanced by coculturing with BMSCs, especially under a hypoxic condition. The expression of KDM6A, SOX9, type2 collagen, and Aggrecan was remarkably elevated in ACCs cocultured with BMSCs. Also, the DNA methylation of SOX9 promoter was decreased in ACCs cocultured with BMSCs, along with notably reduced apoptosis. Moreover, ACCs cocultured with BMSCs could repair cartilage lesions and prevent the abnormal expression of KDM6A, SOX9, type2 collagen, and Aggrecan in OA rats. In this study, we cocultured ACCs with BMSCs and used them to treat OA rats. Our findings presented a mechanistic basis for explaining the therapeutic effect of BMSCs on OA treatment.
The Nrf2 activator MIND4‐17 protects retinal ganglion cells from high glucose‐induced oxidative injury
Authors: Chen Nan , Li Ya , Huang Nan , Yao Jin , Luo Wei‐Feng , Jiang Qin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of acquired blindness among adults. High glucose (HG) induces oxidative injury and apoptosis in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), serving as a primary pathological mechanism of DR. MIND4‐17 activates nuclear‐factor‐E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling via modifying one cysteine (C151) residue of Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1). The current study tested its effect in HG‐treated primary murine RGCs. We show that MIND4‐17 disrupted Keap1–Nrf2 association, leading to Nrf2 protein stabilization and nuclear translocation, causing subsequent expression of key Nrf2 target genes, including heme oxygenase‐1 and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1. Functional studies showed that MIND4‐17 pretreatment significantly inhibited HG‐induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in primary murine RGCs. Reactive oxygen species production and oxidative injury in HG‐treated murine RGCs were attenuated by MIND4‐17. Nrf2 silencing (by targeted small interfering RNA) or knockout (by CRISPR/Cas9 method) abolished MIND4‐17‐induced RGC cytoprotection against HG. Additionally, Keap1 knockout or silencing mimicked and abolished MIND4‐17‐induced activity in RGCs. In vivo, MIND4‐17 intravitreal injection activated Nrf2 signaling and attenuated retinal dysfunction by light damage in mice. We conclude that MIND4‐17 activates Nrf2 signaling to protect murine RGCs from HG‐induced oxidative injury.
Protective Association Between Calcium Channel Blocker Use and Breast Cancer Recurrence in Postsurgical Women: A Population‐Based Case‐Control Study in Taiwan
Authors: Shih Jui‐Hu , Kao Li‐Ting , Chung Chi‐Hsiang , Liao Guo‐Shiou , Fann Li‐Yun , Chien Wu‐Chien , Li I‐Hsun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNeoadjuvant chemotherapy induces metastasis of residual breast cancers through activation of tumor‐associated macrophages. Previous studies have indicated that calcium channel blockers (CCBs) exert anti‐inflammatory and antimigratory effects on macrophages via attenuating Ca2+ entry into macrophages. However, no existing empirical research has addressed the relationship between previous CCB use and breast cancer recurrence. In this study, 4840 Taiwanese women aged ≥20 years with breast cancer who underwent breast surgery from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2015, were enrolled. The date of cancer recurrence was defined as the index date. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the relationship between previous CCB exposure and cancer recurrence among female patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and tumor‐node‐metastasis stage, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for CCB exposure within 5 years before the index date in women with recurrence compared with nonrecurrent controls was 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53‐0.97). Further analysis revealed that the adjusted OR for CCB exposure between the surgery and index dates in women with recurrence relative to nonrecurrent controls was 0.72 (95%CI, 0.66‐0.95). In particular, prior CCB use was significantly associated with a lower risk (34%) of breast cancer recurrence among women 20 to 54 years old (OR, 0.66; 95%CI, 0.47‐0.83). This study uncovered a protective association between previous CCB use and breast cancer recurrence.
Construction of Z‐scheme Pt‐TiO2/(Er3+:Y3Al5O12@Ta2O5)/HAP and its application in sonocatalytic degradation of prometryn and disinfection of Escherichia coli
Authors: Li Guanshu , Cao Yuejiao , Yi Ludong , Wang Jun , Song Youtao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe recovery and reuse of sonocatalysts are the pivotal issues in the sonocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The use of some natural minerals as the carrier is not only beneficial to recycling of sonocatalysts, but also reduces the treatment costs of organic pollutants. Two kinds of hydroxyapatite (HAP), Ox Bone (OB)‐HAP and synthesized (Syn)‐HAP combine with the Pt‐TiO2/(Er3+:Y3Al5O12@Ta2O5) (P‐TET) composite, obtaining two Z‐scheme sonocatalysts, P‐TET/OB‐HAP and P‐TET/Syn‐HAP, respectively. The sonocatalytic activities of the prepared samples are investigated via degradation of prometryn and disinfection of Escherichia coli.RESULTSA series of characterizations showed that the Z‐scheme P‐TET/(OB or Syn)‐HAP sonocatalysts were prepared successfully. To evaluate their sonocatalytic activities, some influencing factors such as ultrasonic irradiation time, inorganic oxidants, used times and trapping agents on the sonocatalytic degradation prometryn were determined. The best degradation ratio (80.31% based on N computing and 85.07% based on S atom computing) of prometryn could be obtained for 10 mmol L−1 K2S2O8, 1.0 g L−1 P‐TET/OB‐HAP sonocatalyst and 150 min ultrasonic irradiation. The excellent sonocatalytic disinfection ratio (88.65%) of E. coli could also be obtained under 40 min ultrasound irradiation. Moreover, a possible mechanism on sonocatalytic degradation of prometryn was illustrated.CONCLUSIONThe treated bovine bone HAP was directly used as a carrier to combine with P‐TET to construct a novel Z‐scheme P‐TET/OB‐HAP sonocatalyst. The high degradation ratio of prometryn and disinfection ratio of E. coli showed that P‐TET/OB‐HAP could be a promising sonocatalyst for the degradation of organic pollutants and the disinfection of bacteria. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Headwater stream condition and nutrient runoff: Relating SWAT to empirical ecological measures in an agricultural watershed in Pennsylvania
Authors: Hirt Claire C. , Veith Tamie L. , Collick Amy S. , Yetter Susan E. , Brooks Robert P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractManaging nonpoint sources of nutrients and sediments is the primary challenge for improving conditions in the Susquehanna‐Chesapeake basin. Aquatic macroinvertebrates are widely used indicators of stream ecological integrity, but the relationship between nutrient runoff and macroinvertebrate response remains indistinct. Logistical and financial hurdles hinder collection of high‐resolution empirical nutrient data, but landscape‐based models like the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) offer a more practical approach. Nutrient runoff was simulated with SWAT for a small, upland, agricultural Pennsylvania watershed. Three levels of ecological assessment were used to interpret SWAT results. Macroinvertebrate communities (intensive) were sampled at 14 sites and described using an Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI). Biological integrity was moderately degraded in many reaches. The Stream–Wetland–Riparian (SWR) Index (rapid) and landscape metrics (remote) also indicated prevalent agricultural stressors. Baseflow nitrate grab samples, collected once per season, showed no significant relationship with IBI score. Thirty spatiotemporal scales of nutrient data were extracted from SWAT for phosphorus, nitrate, and organic nitrogen. Best subsets regression was performed on IBI scores using SWAT, land cover, and SWR variables. Results were significant (p < .001) with high R2 values (84.8 and 86.2), signifying a negative relationship between instream nutrient concentration and IBI score. This study demonstrates the viability of SWAT as an alternative to in‐field nutrient sampling, the value of spatiotemporal scale in model outputs, and the importance of site condition variables in relating nutrients to stream ecological health.
Bounded‐excess flows in cubic graphs
Authors: Tarsi Michael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn (r, α)‐bounded‐excess flow ((r, α)‐flow) in an orientation of a graph G = (V, E) is an assignment f : E → [1, r−1], such that for every vertex x ∈ V, . E+(x), respectively E−(x), is the set of edges directed from, respectively toward x. Bounded‐excess flows suggest a generalization of Circular nowhere‐zero flows (cnzf), which can be regarded as (r, 0)‐flows. We define (r, α) as Stronger or equivalent to (s, β), if the existence of an (r, α)‐flow in a cubic graph always implies the existence of an (s, β)‐flow in the same graph. We then study the structure of the bounded‐excess flow strength poset. Among other results, we define the Trace of a point in the r − α plane by and prove that among points with the same trace the stronger is the one with the smaller α (and larger r). For example, if a cubic graph admits a k‐nzf (trace k with α = 0), then it admits an ‐flow for every r, 2 ≤ r ≤ k. A significant part of the article is devoted to proving the main result: Every cubic graph admits a ‐flow, and there exists a graph which does not admit any stronger bounded‐excess flow. Notice that so it can be considered a step in the direction of the 5‐flow Conjecture. Our result is the best possible for all cubic graphs while the seemingly stronger 5‐flow Conjecture relates only to bridgeless graphs. We also show that if the circular‐flow number of a cubic graph is strictly less than 5, then it admits a ‐flow (trace 4). We conjecture such a flow to exist in every cubic graph with a perfect matching, other than the Petersen graph. This conjecture is a stronger version of the Ban‐Linial Conjecture [1]. Our work here strongly relies on the notion of Orientable k‐weak bisections, a certain type of k‐weak bisections. k‐Weak bisections are defined and studied by L. Esperet, G. Mazzuoccolo, and M. Tarsi [4].
Effect of Glepaglutide, a Long‐Acting Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐2 Analog, on Gastrointestinal Transit Time and Motility in Patients With Short Bowel Syndrome: Findings From a Randomized Trial
Authors: Hvistendahl Mark Krogh , Naimi Rahim Mohammad , Enevoldsen Lotte Hahn , Madsen Jan Lysgaard , Fuglsang Stefan , Jeppesen Palle Bekker 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) and distal‐bowel resections lack neuroendocrine feedback regulations, potentially resulting in rapid gastrointestinal (GI) transit. The objective was to assess the efficacy of glepaglutide, a long‐acting glucagon‐like peptide‐2 analog, on GI transit in patients with SBS.MethodsIn this single‐center, double‐blind, dose‐finding, phase 2 trial, patients with SBS were randomly assigned to 3 treatments (0.1, 1, and 10 mg) in a 2‐period crossover design. Each treatment period included 3 weeks of daily, subcutaneous glepaglutide injections separated by a washout period of 4–8 weeks. Endpoints were changes from baseline and included scintigraphy, wireless motility capsule (WMC, SmartPill Given Imaging, Ltd, Yokneam, Israel), and paracetamol absorption test.ResultsA total of 18 patients were randomized. In the 10‐mg dose group (n = 9), glepaglutide significantly increased time to 10% gastric emptying (GE) of solids by 27 (4–50) minutes (adjusted mean [95% CI]), time to 50%GE of fluids by 40 (1–80) minutes, and time to 10% small bowel–emptying of solids by 21 (1–41) minutes. The WMC transit did not significantly change in any of the dose groups. The maximum paracetamol concentration significantly increased in the 10‐mg dose group; however, the area under the curve remained the same.ConclusionThe prolonged GI transit after glepaglutide treatment, along with demonstrated positive effects on intestinal mucosal growth and potential effects on GI hypersecretions, is believed to contribute to the observed beneficial effects on fecal output (primary endpoint) and associated improvement in intestinal absorption.
Nonionic Isatin Surfactants: Synthesis, Quantum Chemical Calculations, ADMET and Their Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Hussein Ahmed M. , Khowdiary Manal M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe most challenge task in the building up of surface‐active molecules is maximizing their surface activity with good biological activity. A nonionic surfactant (N‐isatin‐EO
m‐C
n where m is 5, 7 and 9 ethylene glycol units and n is 8, 10 and 12) is achieved by first reacting isatin with chloroacetic acid and then with different types of ethoxylated (C8–C12) fatty alcohols that possess 5, 7 and 9 ethylene oxide units. The prepared surfactants were characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR to confirm the structure. The surface activity, biodegradability, antimicrobial, and antifungal activity of the surfactants were evaluated. In addition, quantum chemical calculations and computations of oral bioavailability were performed. The obtained data show that all the synthesized compounds had good surface activity, biodegradability and biological activity.