bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trend of relevant contact allergens of the feet in Spain over a period of 10 years
Authors: Rodríguez‐Jiménez Pedro , Descalzo Miguel A. , Giménez Arnau Ana M. , Silvestre Juan F. , García Gavín Juan , Fernández Redondo Virginia , Ruiz González Inmaculada , Mercader García Pedro , Armario‐Hita José C. , Sánchez‐Pérez Javier 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) of the feet accounts for approximately 10% of all patch tested patients.ObjectiveTo study the clinical profile of patients with feet dermatitis and relevant contact allergens in Spain over a 10‐year period.MethodsRetrospective observational study of patients with suspected ACD from the GEIDAC (Spanish Research Group on Contact Dermatitis and Cutaneous Allergy) baseline series from eight hospitals in Spain between 2004 and 2014. The clinical data collected from each patient were age, sex, occupation, history of atopic dermatitis, and eczema location.ResultsA total of 450 cases clinically presented dermatitis affecting the feet; of these, 41% of were males and 5.6% were suspected to be of occupational origin. As much as 47% were diagnosed with ACD, 20% with atopic dermatitis/dyshidrotic eczema, and 5% with psoriasis. The “feet group” included statistically significantly more females in the age range of 21 to 60 years. The most frequent relevant contact allergens were potassium dichromate, cobalt(II) chloride, p‐tert‐butylphenol formaldehyde resin, mercapto mix, and mercaptobenzothiazole.ConclusionsACD is the most frequent clinical diagnosis of feet dermatitis in our series. The most frequent allergens are similar to those published in other series of foot ACD in Europe and the trend has not changed in the studied decade.
Transitions in Payments for Ecosystem Services in Guatemala: Embedding Forestry Incentives into Rural Development Value Systems
Authors: vonHedemann Nicolena 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTPayments for Ecosystem Services (PES) programmes increasingly reflect multiple stakeholder demands and rarely operate in market form. In Guatemala, the earliest forestry incentives — a form of PES — benefited larger landowners and functioned as subsidies for both extractive forest production and ecosystem services. Smallholders and indigenous communal land managers in Guatemala campaigned for PES programmes to meet their needs, leading to the creation of a second programme that focuses on improving rural development, coupled with ecosystem services. This article examines how these historically marginalized groups have used PES as an opportunity to engage with the state and demand embedded development that more strongly reflects their values of forests and their desired relationship with the Guatemalan state. As a result of this activism, these Guatemalan forestry incentives reach smallholders more successfully than PES programmes in many other countries. However, more far‐reaching changes in land use are tempered by power imbalances and structural inequalities that are unaddressed and, in fact, reinforced by PES programmes, such as underfunding, narrow conceptions of land ownership, and unequal representation.
Hybrid Outcomes of Payments for Ecosystem Services Policies in Vietnam: Between Theory and Practice
Authors: McElwee Pamela , Huber Bernhard , Nguyễn Thị Hải Vân 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTVietnam has had a national Payments for Forest Environmental Services (PFES) policy in place since 2010, which transfers money for forest protection from water and energy users to households who live in upland watersheds. However, despite a loose resemblance to general Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) principles, implementation in Vietnam differs strongly from a theoretical ideal, and has a number of unique features, including: strong state involvement in transactions; no use of markets to set payments; poor definition and monitoring of ecosystem services; and the adoption of non‐conditional incentives that strongly resemble livelihood subsidies for poor rural areas. The form that PES takes in Vietnam has been shaped by institutional histories of forest management that have envisioned a strong role for the state and for financial transfers to the rural uplands. At the same time, PES has also been influenced by active engagement and agency of central and local government actors, and local payment recipients, and key areas in which they have impacted PES design include shared governance and more equitable benefit distribution models. These institutional priorities and local values that have shaped PES policy and implementation in Vietnam have led to a hybrid model, full of contradictions and compromises, that neither fits a classical definition nor resembles neoliberal conservation outcomes, and whose success is difficult to judge.
Escalating low‐dose Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol exposure during adolescence induces differential behavioral and neurochemical effects in male and female adult rats
Authors: Poulia Nafsika , Delis Foteini , Brakatselos Charalampos , Lekkas Panagiotis , Kokras Nikolaos , Dalla Christina , Antoniou Katerina 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCannabinoid administration during adolescence affects various physiological processes, such as motor and affective response, cognitive‐related functions and modulates neurotransmitter activity. Literature remains scant concerning the parallel examination of the effects of adolescent escalating low‐dose Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9‐THC) on the behavioral and plasticity profile of adult rats in both sexes. Herein, we investigated the long‐term behavioral, neurochemical and neurobiological effects of adolescent escalating low Δ9‐THC doses in adult male and female rats. In adult males, adolescent low‐dose Δ9‐THC exposure led to increased spontaneous locomotor activity, impaired behavioral motor habituation and defective short‐term spatial memory, paralleled with decreased BDNF protein levels in the prefrontal cortex. In this brain area, serotonergic activity was increased, as depicted by the increased serotonin turnover rate, while the opposite effect was observed in the hippocampus, a region where SERT levels were enhanced by Δ9‐THC, compared with vehicle. In adult females, adolescent Δ9‐THC treatment led to decreased spontaneous vertical activity and impaired short‐term spatial memory, accompanied by increased BDNF protein levels in the prefrontal cortex. Present findings emphasize the key role of adolescent escalating low Δ9‐THC exposure in the long‐term regulation of motor response, spatial‐related cognitive functions and neuroplasticity indices in adulthood. In this framework, these changes could, at a translational level, contribute to clinical issues suggesting the development of psychopathology in a sex‐differentiated manner following Δ9‐THC exposure during adolescence.
Neighbour species richness and local structural variability modulate aboveground allocation patterns and crown morphology of individual trees
Authors: Kunz Matthias , Fichtner Andreas , Härdtle Werner , Raumonen Pasi , Bruelheide Helge , von Oheimb Goddert 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLocal neighbourhood interactions are considered a main driver for biodiversity–productivity relationships in forests. Yet, the structural responses of individual trees in species mixtures and their relation to crown complementarity remain poorly understood. Using a large‐scale forest experiment, we studied the impact of local tree species richness and structural variability on above‐ground wood volume allocation patterns and crown morphology. We applied terrestrial laser scanning to capture the three‐dimensional structure of trees and their temporal dynamics. We found that crown complementarity and crown plasticity increased with species richness. Trees growing in species‐rich neighbourhoods showed enhanced aboveground wood volume both in trunks and branches. Over time, neighbourhood diversity induced shifts in wood volume allocation in favour of branches, in particular for morphologically flexible species. Our results demonstrate that diversity‐mediated shifts in allocation pattern and crown morphology are a fundamental mechanism for crown complementarity and may be an important driver of overyielding.
Epiploic foramen entrapment of the large colon in a 9‐month‐old Thoroughbred filly
Authors: Schambourg M. A. , Nodin M. , Bussy C. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryA 9‐month‐old Thoroughbred filly was presented for colic of a few hours’ duration. Examination revealed tachycardia at 64 beats/min, and a colon displaced to the right with wall oedema on ultrasound. After an hour of intravenous fluid therapy, the filly became restless and exploratory laparotomy was performed. Impaction and incarceration of the large colon up to the caeco‐colic fold through the epiploic foramen (EF) were diagnosed. After evacuating the colonic contents through a pelvic flexure enterotomy, theEFentrapment (EFE) was reduced. The large colon appeared congested with a fragile serosa, serosal tear at its antimesenteric aspect, and amotile for the remainder of the surgery. Colon motility resumed as evidenced by ultrasonographic examination on the second day post‐surgery, and despite pasty diarrhoea, the filly made a complete and uneventful recovery and was alive at 6 months’ follow‐up. Epiploic foramen entrapment of the large colon is very rare but should be included as a differential diagnosis of colon displacements, even in young horses, requiring prompt surgical resolution.
Identification of chlorprothixene as a potential drug that induces apoptosis and autophagic cell death in acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Du Yuxin , Li Kening , Wang Xiangeng , Kaushik Aman Chandra , Junaid Muhammad , Wei Dongqing 
Published: October 2019

Although acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous malignance, the common molecular mechanisms shared by different AML subtypes play critical roles in AML development. It is possible to identify new drugs that are effective for various AML subtypes based on the common molecular mechanisms. Therefore, we developed a hypothesis‐driven bioinformatic drug screening framework by integrating multiple omics data. In this study, we identified that chlorprothixene, a dopamine receptor antagonist, could effectively inhibit growth of AML cells from different subtypes. RNA‐seq analysis suggested that chlorprothixene perturbed a series of crucial biological processes such as cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy in AML cells. Further investigations indicated that chlorprothixene could induce both apoptosis and autophagy in AML cells, and apoptosis and autophagy could act as partners to induce cell death cooperatively. Remarkably, chlorprothixene was found to inhibit tumor growth and induce in situ leukemic cell apoptosis in the murine xenograft model. Furthermore, chlorprothixene treatment could reduce the level of oncofusion proteins PML‐RARα and AML1‐ETO, thus elevate the expression of apoptosis‐related genes, and lead to AML cell death. Our results provided new insights for drug repositioning of AML therapy and confirmed that chlorprothixene might be a potential candidate for treatment of different subtypes of AML by reducing expression of oncofusion proteins.DatabaseRNA‐seq data are available in GEO database under the accession number GSE124316.
The growth of juvenile native mussels (Elliptio complanata) in lakes varies with sediment characteristics and site exposure
Authors: Cyr Hélène 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Unionid mussels are among the largest and longest‐lived freshwater invertebrates and can play an important role in these ecosystems. They are also one of the most endangered groups of organisms. The juvenile stage is a particularly vulnerable part of mussel life history and is one of the most poorly known.

I compared the growth of young Elliptio complanata at 17 nearshore sites, in shallow (polymictic) and stratified lake basins, along gradients of sediment characteristics and site exposure (effective fetch). At each site, the growth of six to 14 small (20–68 mm) mussels collected on the sediment surface was measured, using internal growth lines. The growth of very young endobenthic mussels (22–40 mm) was also measured on four to six mussels at each of two sites.

Juveniles spend several years in the sediments, and I found that during this period growth is not constant but declines rapidly with age. Shifts in δ15N signatures suggest that juveniles change their habitat use towards a more planktonic baseline around the time of maturation, when they reach a length of 30–50 mm. Identical δ13C signatures in juveniles and adults suggest that both rely on food of planktonic origin, whether deposited or suspended.

The growth of juvenile mussels varies in a complex but predictable manner with sediment characteristics and wind‐driven physical forces. Growth was highest in fine sediments with low organic content, in highly organic but coarse sediments, and in protected nearshore areas with low effective fetch. Interestingly, I also found high growth rates at exposed nearshore areas with fine sediments, suggesting that areas where bottom topography creates a refuge from currents and waves may provide particularly good conditions for the early growth of juvenile mussels.

Some parts of the shoreline may be more important than others for native mussel populations, and if we can identify those, they may warrant additional protection.
Laying the groundwork: Building relationships for public and patient involvement in pre‐clinical paediatric research
Authors: Costello Wendy , Dorris Emma 
Published: October 2019

AbstractContextPublic and patient involvement is increasingly becoming an expectation of research funders and policy makers. Not all areas of health research are public‐facing. Here, we outline an approach for building the skills and developing the relationships required for downstream public and patient involvement in pre‐clinical adolescent rheumatology research.ObjectiveTo design a methodology for improving researcher‐adolescent communications specifically aimed at mutual relationship building for PPI. Deliberate and effective preparation in advance of research involvement to improve the downstream success of that involvement.DesignA research seminar and research skills workshop conducted entirely in ‘plain English’ for adolescents and their siblings aged 10‐20. Upskilling of pre‐clinical researchers for effective public involvement.Setting and participantsStudy co‐design between the voluntary charity Irish Children's Arthritis Network and the academic research centre UCD Centre for Arthritis Research. Fifteen adolescents aged 10‐20 years old living with arthritis, four pre‐clinical researchers and one qualitative researcher investigating adolescent or paediatric arthritis.Main variables studiedRelationship building and communications for effective downstream public involvement in pre‐clinical and laboratory research.ResultsThe methodology outlined here was received extremely positively. Both researchers and adolescents living with arthritis felt more comfortable communicating, more knowledgeable about juvenile arthritis and research, and more able to engage in co‐operative dialogue.DiscussionEngaging early, considering the needs of the community and developing appropriate involvement methodology can enable involvement in pre‐clinical research.ConclusionsDedicating resources to building relationships and skills necessary for co‐operative research involvement can overcome some of the barriers to public involvement in pre‐clinical and laboratory‐based research.
The association between periodontal disease and root/coronal caries
Authors: AlQobaly Lina , Sabbah Wael 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo examine whether there is an association between periodontal disease and each of root caries and coronal caries among adults (aged 35 and over), using a nationally representative sample of adults in England, Northern Ireland and Wales.Material and MethodsIn this cross‐sectional study, data from the Adult Dental Health Survey 2009 were used. Adults aged 35 years or older who had periodontal and caries assessment were included. Two sets of negative binomial regression were conducted for each of coronal caries and root caries adjusting for periodontal diseases, dental visits, country, sex, age, education, job classification, oral hygiene and smoking.ResultsOverall, 4738 were included in the analysis. Periodontal disease was significantly associated with each of coronal and root caries. In the fully adjusted model, those with PD/ LoA ≥ 4 mm had 1.03 rate ratio (RR) for coronal caries (95% CI: 1.01‐1.05). In the model pertaining to root caries, the RR for those with periodontitis was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.16‐1.30). Smoking, sex, age and oral hygiene were the variables that showed a consistent and significant association with coronal and root caries.ConclusionIndividuals with periodontal diseases appeared to be at higher risk of coronal and root caries. While root exposure could be a plausible explanation for the relationship between periodontitis and root caries, the association with coronal caries could be attributed to the irritation of carious cavities, or common risk factors such as poor oral hygiene, or co‐occurrence of different health risk behaviours related to both caries and periodontitis and socioeconomic conditions.
Estimates for quality of life loss due to Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Authors: Hodgson David , Atkins Katherine E. , Baguelin Marc , Panovska‐Griffiths Jasmina , Thorrington Dominic , van Hoek Albert Jan , Zhao Hongxin , Fragaszy Ellen , Hayward Andrew C. , Pebody Richard 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn children aged <5 years in whom severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) episodes predominantly occur, there are currently no appropriate standardised instruments to estimate quality of life years (QALY) loss.ObjectivesWe estimated the age‐specific QALY loss due to RSV by developing a regression model which predicts the QALY loss without the use of standardised instruments.MethodsWe conducted a surveillance study which targeted confirmed RSV episodes in children aged <5 years (confirmed cases) and their household members who experienced symptoms of RSV during the same time (suspected cases). All participants were asked to complete questions regarding their health during the infection, with the suspected cases additionally providing health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) loss estimates by completing EQ‐5D‐3L‐Y or EQ‐5D‐3L instruments. We used the responses from the suspected cases to calibrate a regression model which estimates the HR‐QoL and QALY loss due to infection.FindingsFor confirmed RSV cases in children under 5 years of age who sought health care, our model predicted a QALY loss per RSV episode of 3.823 × 10−3 (95% CI 0.492‐12.766 × 10−3), compared with 3.024 × 10−3 (95% CI 0.329‐10.098 × 10−3) for under fives who did not seek health care. Quality of life years loss per episode was less for older children and adults, estimated as 1.950 × 10−3 (0.185‐9.578 × 10−3) and 1.543 × 10−3 (0.136‐6.406 × 10−3) for those who seek or do not seek health care, respectively.ConclusionEvaluations of potential RSV vaccination programmes should consider their impact across the whole population, not just young child children.
Significance of inducibility of atrial fibrillation after pulmonary vein isolation in patients with healthy left atrium substrate
Authors: Kosiuk Jedrzej , Gründig Sebastian , Dinov Borislav , Müssigbrodt Andreas , Richter Sergio , Sommer Philipp , Hindricks Gerhard , Bollmann Andreas 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe significance of the inducibility of atrial fibrillation (AF) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with AF remains disputable and polarizing. Therefore, we investigated the prognostic value of the inducibility of AF on long‐term outcome after PVI in patients without low‐voltage left atrial (LA) substrate.MethodsTwo hundred forty‐five patients (mean age 59+/−9years, 72% male) without LA low‐voltage areas (defined as electrogram amplitudes <0.5 mV) undergoing first PVI procedure were included in the study. Following successful PVI, inducibility was assessed by burst pacing from coronary sinus with a cycle length (CL) of 300, 250, and 200 ms or the shortest CL resulting in 1:1 atrial capture. During the follow‐up period of up to 3 years, the rhythm outcome was monitored by serial 7‐days Holter electrocardiogram.ResultsAF was induced in 38 patients (16%). Atypical atrial flutter was observed in six patients (2%), while typical flutter in three cases (1%).Within the first 3 months, early recurrence was diagnosed in 39 patients (16%), while late recurrence was detected in 58 patients (24%) after a mean AF free survival of 28 ± 1 months.While there was no impact on early recurrence, AF inducibility affected long‐term recurrence (31 ± 1 vs 23 ± 3 months; P = .001). In multivariate analysis, AF inducibility (hazard ratio [HR] 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03‐4.45; P = .041) and persistent type of AF (HR 2.17; 95%CI, 1.06–4.47; P = .034) were associated with late AF recurrence.ConclusionIn patients without low‐voltage substrate undergoing PVI, AF inducibility is a significant predictor of long‐term outcome. The pathomechanisms of this phenomenon must be further studied to be addressed by additional treatment.
Effects of focal impulse and rotor modulation‐guided ablation on atrial arrhythmia termination and inducibility: Impact on outcomes after treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kirzner Jared M. , Raelson Colin A. , Liu Christopher F. , Thomas George , Ip James E. , Lerman Bruce B. , Markowitz Steven M. , Cheung Jim W. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe role of focal impulse and rotor modulation (FIRM)‐guided ablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. Previous studies on the FIRM‐guided ablation outcomes have been limited by a focus on AF termination as an endpoint and by patient population heterogeneity. We sought to determine differences in rates of AF termination, inducibility, and recurrence in patients with persistent AF undergoing first‐time ablation with a FIRM‐guided approach compared with patients undergoing conventional ablation.Methods and ResultsEight‐five consecutive patients (38 FIRM, 47 conventional) with persistent AF undergoing first‐time ablation were retrospectively analyzed. There were no significant differences in the rates of AF termination in the FIRM group compared to the conventional group (26% vs 15%; P = .15). Rates of inducible AF after ablation were 37% in the FIRM group and 30% in the conventional group (P = .32). Over a median follow‐up of 2.4 years, the rates of freedom from AF were similar between the FIRM and conventional groups (1‐year freedom from AF 65% vs 50%, respectively; P = .18). Procedural termination of AF with either FIRM ablation or conventional ablation was not associated with any significant reduction in AF recurrence.ConclusionA FIRM‐guided approach was not associated with a significant difference in freedom from AF when compared to conventional ablation. Termination of AF with ablation was not associated with increased freedom from AF. While AF termination using substrate‐based ablation may have mechanistic implications for understanding AF rotor physiology, its impact on clinical outcomes remains unclear.