bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and laboratory indicator analysis of 69 COVID-19 pneumonia patients in Suzhou, China
Authors: Wang Yi , Yao Lin , Zhang Jian-Ping , Tang Pei-Jun , Ye Zhi-Jian , Shen Xing-Hua , Xu Jun-Chi , Wu Mei-Ying , Yu Xin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Sudden exacerbations and respiratory failure are major causes for the death of severe COVID-19 pneumonia patient and but now the detection and treatment of severe patients is still lack.
Methods
A retrospective analysis is conducted on 69 collected cases, which are about 69 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who were admitted to the Suzhou Fifth People’s Hospital from January 1, 2020 to February 8, 2020. Their epidemiological, clinical and imaging characteristics as well as laboratory data of the 69 patients were analyzed.
Results
The study found fibrinogen increased in 45 (65.2%) patients and when the fibrinogen takes a critical value of 4.805 g/L, the sensitivity and specificity, helping distinguish general and severe classification, are 100% and 14%, respectively, which are significantly better than lymphocyte and myoglobin. Chest CT images indicate that the cumulative number of lung lobes in severe patients were significantly higher than that in general patients (P༜0.05) and the cumulative number of lung lobes in the lesions was negatively correlated with lymphocyte, and positively correlated with myoglobin and fibrinogen. Our study also found that there is no obvious effect of hormone therapy in severe patients with COVID-19.
Conclusions
Based on the retrospective analysis, the fibrinogen were found increased in severe patients and were better than lymphocyte and myoglobin in respect of distinguishing general and severe patients. And the study also suggested hormone treatment has no significant effect on COVID-19.
Significance of anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibody and anti-Smith (anti-Sm) antibody among patients with SLE or MCTD
Authors: Shima Natsuki , Sawa Naoki , Ueno Toshiharu , Mizuno Hiroki , Suwabe Tatsuya , Hoshino Junichi , Kinowaki Keiichi , Ohashi Kenichi , Fujii Takeshi , Ubara Yoshifumi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

The significance of anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibody and anti-Smith (anti-Sm) antibody remains unclear in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD).
Methods

Thirty patients were retrospectively enrolled in this study. They were all positive for antinuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-RNP antibody, were diagnosed with SLE(n = 25) or MCTD(n = 5), and underwent renal biopsy at our hospital between January 1990 and December 2014. These 30 patients were classified into 4 groups based on their anti-dsDNA and anti-Sm status. Renal histology was classified into 3 patterns, including pure subepithelial membranous nephropathy (MN), mesangial and/or subendothelial lesions (MES), and MN combined with MES.
Results

Comparison between groups A [dsDNA(-)and SM(-)] and B༻dsDNA(-)and SM(+)༽ revealed that group A was with pure MN(n = 5) + MN + MES(n = 4) + MES(n = 1) and normocomplementemia, while group B was with MES + MN(n = 2) + MES(n = 5) and hypocomplementemia. Comparison between groups C༻dsDNA(+)and SM(-)༽ and D༻dsDNA(+)and SM(+)༽showed that group C was with pure MES and normocomplementemia, while group D was with MN + MES(n = 4) + pure MES(n = 3) and hypocomplementemia. Among 10 patients in group A, all 5 patients with MCTD were categorized as pure MN, while the 5 patients with SLE were MN + MES or pure MES.
Conclusion

Among patients showing positivity for anti-RNP antibody alone, those with MCTD seem likely to develop pure MN, while those with SLE tend to have MES as well as MN.
World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0): development and validation of the Igbo version in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: Igwesi-Chidobe Chinonso N , Kitchen Sheila , Sorinola Isaac Olubunmi , Godfrey Emma Louise 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The leading cause of years lived with disability globally is low back pain (LBP). Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is responsible for the cost and disability associated with LBP, which is more devastating in low-income countries, particularly in rural Nigeria with one of the greatest global LBP burdens. No Igbo back pain specific measure captures remunerative/non-remunerative work outcomes. Disability measurement using these tools may not fully explain work-related disability and community participation, a limitation not evident in the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0). This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the WHODAS 2.0 and validate it in rural and urban Nigerian populations with CLBP.
Methods
Translation, cultural adaptation, test–retest reliability and cross-sectional validity testing. WHODAS 2.0 was translated forwards and backwards by clinical/non-clinical translators. Translations were evaluated by expert review committee. The questionnaire was pre-tested among twelve rural Nigerian dwellers having CLBP. Cronbach’s alpha evaluating internal consistency; intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland–Altman plots investigating test–retest reliability; and minimal detectable change were examined in a convenient sample of 50 CLBP victims in rural and urban Nigeria. Spearman’s correlation analyses with the back-performance scale, Igbo Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire and eleven-point box scale; and exploratory factor analysis in a random sample of 200 adults with CLBP in rural Nigeria determined construct validity. Ceiling and floor effects were investigated in all participants.
Results
Translation was straight forward. Patient instructions were translated. ‘Waist pain/lower back pain’ was added to ‘illness(es)’ to make the measure relevant for this study whilst allowing for future studies of other conditions. The Igbo phrase for ‘family and friends’ was used to better represent ‘people close to you’ in item D4.3. The Igbo-WHODAS had good internal consistency (α = 0.75–0.97); intra class correlation coefficients (ICC = 0.81–0.93); standard error of measurements (5.05–11.10) and minimal detectable change (13.99–30.77). Igbo-WHODAS correlated moderately with performance-based disability, self-reported back pain-specific disability and pain intensity, with a seven-factor structure and no floor and ceiling effects.
Conclusions
Igbo-WHODAS can be used clinically or for research as it is a psychometrically sound measure of self-reported disability.
Association of Helicobacter pylori vacA genotypes and peptic ulcer in Iranian population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Keikha Masoud , Ali-Hassanzadeh Mohammad , Karbalaei Mohsen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Helicobacter pylori is accounted as the most etiologic agent for digestive disorders, in particular, the most important of them i.e. peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. In the recent years, association of vacA genotypes and gastrointestinal disorders has attracted a lot of attention. In present study, we assessed the correlation between vacA genotypes (s1, s2, m1, m2, s1m1, s1m2, s2m1 and s2m2) and development to peptic ulcer in Iranian population.
Methods
In our study, first, 23 original articles containing of information of 3328 patients were evaluated. Statistical analysis was done by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 2.0 software (Biostat, Englewood, NJ, USA). In this regards, we used from fixed-effects model for analysis of data with low heterogeneity, while for analysis of data with high heterogeneity (I2 statistic index > 25%, Cochrane Q statistic p value < 0.05), random-effects model was used.
Results
Abundance of each of s1, s2, m1, m2, s1m1, s1m2, s2m1, and s2m2 was estimated 36.24%, 28.32%, 42.90% 29.86%, 27.88%, 32.34%, 15.70%, and 25.94%, respectively. According to the results, the m1, s1, and s1m2 genotypes were among the most prevalent genotypes among the Iranian patients, whereas, s2m1 genotype had the lowest frequency.
Conclusions
Finally, we demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between infection of stomach with m1, s1m1, and s2m1 genotypes and development to peptic ulcer.
Differential diagnosis for suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective study
Authors: Chi Qiong , Dai Xinjian , Jiang Xiangao , Zhu Lefei , Du Junyan , Chen Yuxi , Zheng Jiyang , Huang Jianping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Since December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected more than 2,310,000 people and killed over hundreds of thousands people worldwide. However, Differential diagnosis remains difficult for suspected cases of COVID-19 and need to be improved to reduce misdiagnosis.
Methods
Sixty-eight cases of suspected COVID-19 treated in Wenzhou Central Hospital from January 21 to February 20, 2020 were divided into confirmed and COVID-19-negative groups based on the results of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) nucleic acid testing of the novel coronavirus in throat swab specimens to compare the clinical symptoms and laboratory and imaging results between the groups.
Results
Among suspected patients, 17 were confirmed to COVID-19-positive group and 51 were distinguished to COVID-19-negative group. Patients with reduced white blood cell (WBC) count were more common in the COVID-19-positive group than in the COVID-19-negative group (29.4% vs 3.9%, P = 0.003). Subsequently, correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant inverse correlation existed between WBC count and temperature in the COVID-19-positive patients (r=-0.587, p = 0.003), instead of the COVID-19-negative group. But reduced lymphocyte count was no different between the two groups (47.1% vs 25.5%, P = 0.096). More common chest imaging characteristics of the confirmed COVID-19 cases by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) included ground-glass opacities (GGOs), multiple patchy shadows, and consolidation with bilateral involvement than COVID-19-negative group (82.4% vs 31.4%, p = 0.0002; 41.2% vs 17.6% vs p = 0.048; 76.5% vs 43.1%, p = 0.017; respectively). Through multiplex RT-PCR nucleic acid testing, 2 case of influenza A, 3 cases of influenza B, 2 cases of adenovirus, 2 cases of Chlamydia pneumonia, and 7 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae were diagnosed in the COVID-19-negative group.
Conclusions
Reduced WBC count inversely correlating with the severity of fever, GGOs, multiple patchy shadows, and consolidation in chest HRCT and clustered infection are features in the confirmed COVID-19 group but not unique. Multiplex RT-PCR nucleic acid testing helped exclude pathogenic diagnosis in COVID-19 patients.
Prevalence and associated risk factors for childhood strabismus in Lhasa, Tibet, China: a cross-sectional, school-based study
Authors: He Hailong , Fu Jing , Meng Zhaojun , Chen Weiwei , Li Lei , Zhao Xinyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To estimate the prevalence of strabismus and associated risk factors among grade one school children in Lhasa, Tibet, China.
Methods
The Lhasa Childhood Eye Study (LCES) was a cross-sectional, school-based childhood study conducted in Grade one students from primary schools in Lhasa, Tibet, China. Comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and basic systematic examinations were evaluated. A questionnaire survey contained information about children, as well as parents’ information was sent to the corresponding parents of eligible children. The prevalence of strabismus and its 95% confidence interval was estimated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associated risk factors.
Results
A total of 1942 eligible grade one students were enrolled, of which 1856 participants completed all procedures. The average age was 6.83 ± 0.46 years, 53% of participants were boys and 1762 were the Tibetan Minority. Overall, the prevalence of strabismus was 68/1856(3.7%) (95%CI: 2.81,4.52), with no difference between the ages, genders, ethnics and BMI, while tilt one's head when writing was a risk factor for strabismus (P=0.004). Strabismus students had the mean best corrected visual acuity 0.16 ± 0.28(LogMAR), over 50% patients with esotropia are hyperopia, participants who has stereopsis impairments showed a significant difference between esotropia and exotropia (P = 0.026).
Conclusions
The prevalence of strabismus in LCES was 3.7%, higher than previous reports from Chinese childhood epidemiology studies. Strabismus is a common contributing factor to amblyopia. Tilt one's head when writing was a risk factor. Patients with esotropia are more likely to affect stereopsis and be the refractive state of hyperopia.
Trial registration:
The study has finished the clinical registration on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. (http://www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900026693).
An Update on the Origin of SARS-CoV-2: Though Closest Identity, Bat (RaTG13) and Pangolin Derived Coronaviruses Varied in the Critical Binding Site and O-Linked Glycan Residues
Authors: Jeevan Malaiyan , Suresh Arumugam , Kamalraj Mohan , Gokul Gomathi Radhakrishnan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The initial cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) occurred in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and swept the world by 13 May 2020 with 4,179,479 active cases, 287,525 deaths across 215 countries, areas or territories. This strongly implies global transmission occurred before the lockdown of China. However, the initial source's transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 remain obscure and controversial. Research data suggest bat (RaTG13) and pangolin carried CoV were the proximal source of SARS-CoV-2.Methods In this study, we used systematic phylogenetic analysis of Coronavirinae subfamily along with wild type human SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 strains. The key residues of the receptor-binding domain (RBD), O-linked glycan and Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) were compared.Results SARS-CoV-2 strains were clustered with RaTG13 (97.41% identity), Pangolin-CoV (92.22% identity) and Bat-SL-CoV (80.36% identity), forms a new clade-2 in lineage B of beta-CoV. The alignments of RBD contact residues to ACE2 justified those SARS-CoV-2 strains sequences were 100% identical by each other, significantly varied in RaTG13 and pangolin-CoV. SARS-CoV-2 has a polybasic cleavage site with an inserted sequence of PRRA compared to RaTG13 and only PRR to pangolin. Only serine (Ser) in pangolin and both threonine (Thr) and serine (Ser) O-linked glycans were seen in RaTG13.Conclusion Though, pangolin (Manis javanica) and bat (Rhinolophus affinis) related CoV proximal to SARS-CoV; detailed study needed to confirm.
Etiology and Clinical Characteristics of Acute Suppurative Osteomyelitis in Children&nbsp;a Single Center Study in China
Authors: Xu Jingfang , Hua Chunzhen , Ye Wensong , Shi Shanshan , Shu Qiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Acute suppurative osteomyelitis is a common disease in pediatric orthopedics, but there are few studies on the etiology and treatment of this disease in children.Objective To investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics of acute suppurative osteomyelitis in children.Methods A retrospective study was conducted of pediatric in-patients with acute suppurative osteomyelitis between January 2011 and December 2017. Subperiosteal or intramedullary specimens were collected from each patient for culture. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility test were performed with the Vitek system. Results A total of 104 patients were included and 64 (61.5%) were male. Sixty-six isolates were obtained from 65 (62.5%) patients. The most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus (51.0%, 53/104), followed by Escherichia coli (2.9%, 3/104), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.9%, 2/104), Streptococcus pneumoniae (1.9%, 2/104), Ochrobactrum anthropi (1.9%, 2/104), and other bacteria (3.0%, 3/104). Two pathogens were isolated from one patient. The etiology was unknown based on culture in 39 (37.5%) patients. The age of the patients infected with S. aureus was 6.67 (1.7, 9.1) years, which was significantly higher than that of patients infected with non-S. aureus, whose age was 2.42 (0.7, 7.8) years (Z = 2.20, P=0.028). Results of the antibiotic susceptibility test in 53 S. aureus strains showed that the resistance rates to oxacillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, clindamycin, and erythromycin were 43.4%, 11.3%, 67.9%, and 69.8%, respectively. All S. aureus strains were sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin. More patients with sequelae were found among those infected with oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (26.1%, 6/23) compared with oxacillin-sensitive S. aureus (3.3%, 1/30, χ2༝4.06, P༝0.044) or other pathogens (2.5%, 2/81, χ2༝10.94, P = 0.001). Conclusion S. aureus was the most common pathogen causing acute suppurative osteomyelitis in children and its resistance rate to oxacillin was high. Further study is needed to determine the etiology in the patients in whom the pathogen cannot be identified based on culture.
Application of 3D-printed plastic teeth in the teaching of tooth morphology
Authors: Wang Helin , Xu Haokun , Zhang Junhua , Yu Shibin , Wang Meiqing , Qiu Jun , Zhang Mian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The "tooth morphology" course is an important basic stomatology course. But it is difficult to fully reflect the 3D morphological characteristics of tooth structure in the two-dimensional pictures in traditional textbooks. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of 3D-printed plastic model teeth in the teaching of tooth morphology. Methods: Forty-five undergraduate stomatology students who had matriculated at the Fourth Medical University in 2014 and 23 who had matriculated in 2016 were involved in the study. Each student who matriculated in 2016 was given a full set of 14 standard 3D-printed plastic model teeth for use during the learning process, and an anonymous questionnaire was used to evaluate the 3D-printed plastic model teeth from the perspective of the students. Results: There was no significant difference in the scores of the theoretical examination and the total score between the two groups. However, for the score of the sculpted gypsum teeth, students who used the 3D-printed plastic model teeth in their studies scored significantly higher (P=0.002). More than 90% of the students thought that the 3D-printed plastic model teeth were of great help or were very helpful for mastering the anatomy of teeth and for carving the plaster teeth.Conclusion: The standard 3D-printed plastic teeth can effectively assist students in learning tooth morphology by transforming the two-dimensional pictures and descriptions in the textbook into a 3D conformation, effectively promoting students' learning and mastery of tooth morphology and structure. Additionally, the results suggest that the 3D-printed plastic teeth are of great help to the students in mastering and improving their carving skills.
­­­­­The kappa opioid receptor agonist U50,488H did not affect brain-stimulation reward while it elicited conditioned place aversion in mice
Authors: Huang Peng , Gentile Taylor , Muschamp John , Liu-Chen Lee-Yuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective
Selective kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonists were shown to produce a dose-dependent depression of brain-stimulation reward (BSR) in the rat intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) tests. However, limited studies using mice produced less conclusive results. Here the effects of U50,488H were re-examined on BSR in mice with a larger cohort of animals.
Results
Forty C57BL/6J male mice were implanted with the electrodes in medial forebrain bundle. About a week after surgery, mice were subject to ICSS training. Only eighteen passed the two-phase procedures, at which point they readily spun the wheels to obtain reinforcing effect of BSR, and were used for the ICSS tests. Compared with saline (s.c.), U50,488H (2 mg/kg, s.c.) did not have effects on the BSR thresholds within 1 h post-treatment, while it decreased the maximum wheel-spinning rates in a time-dependent manner. In contrast, cocaine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) decreased the BSR thresholds time-dependently without affecting the maximum wheel-spinning rates in the same cohort of mice, demonstrating the validity of our mouse ICSS models. For comparison, U50,488H (2 mg/kg, s.c.) induced significant conditioned place aversion (CPA) in a different cohort of mice without surgeries. Thus, ICSS may not be an appropriate test for KOR agonist-induced aversion in mice.
Does ACL reconstruction have any influence in meniscal repair? Sports return, quality of life and failure rate. 2-12 years follow up.
Authors: Rodríguez-Roiz Juan Miguel , Sastre-Solsona Sergi , Aleu Andrés Combalia , Popescu Dragos , Burillo Jordi Montañana 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective

few studies approach with long follow up meniscal repair at amateur level, specially studying variables as quality of life and failure rate. We study medium to long-term clinical results in patients at amateur sports level, that have required meniscal sutures at our centre, with or without ACL reconstruction. We evaluate the objective function of the knee, as well as the patients’ return to sports activities, quality of life and the rate of failed repair and study the possible reasons.
Methods

We design an observational retrospective study, assessed 92 patients that required a meniscal repair in our centre from april 2007 until april 2018, who regularly perform amateur sports activities (Tegner 4 to 7), minimum follow-up period of 2 years, divided into 2 groups: group 1 isolated meniscal suture (43 cases), group 2 associated to ACL reconstruction (49 cases). Every patient have this tests in 2019: Lysholm and Tegner (validated for spanish) before the injury and after the surgical procedure, motivation to return to sports activity (Likert scale with 3 items: low, regular or high), quality of life (through SF-12 test).
Results

high return to amateur sports rate (92%), which was even higher in the isolated reconstruction group in comparison to the group with associated ACL, at a minimun follow-up of 2 years. We have not found statistically significant differences between sports return and: age, gender, injured meniscus, chondral injuries, preoperative Tegner score, or motivation. No significant differences in physical or mental health fields between both groups. Meniscal repair failed in 12 patients (13%,)and they finally required a partial meniscectomy, as complications just one debridement for superficial infection of ACL donor zone. Higher rate of failure in isolated bucket-handle tear injuries (p < 0.0062). We have not found a statistically significant association between the other variables studied.
Conclusions

92% of sports return and low meniscal repair failure rate, even lower when is associated to ACL reconstruction.