bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of Influenza among patients with influenza‐like illness and severe acute respiratory illness in Pakistan: A 10‐year surveillance study 2008‐17
Authors: Nisar Nadia , Aamir Uzma Bashir , Badar Nazish , Mahmood Muhammad Rashid , Yaqoob Aashifa , Tripathy Jaya Prasad , Laxmeshwar Chinmay , Tenzin Karma , Zaidi Syed Sohail Zahoor , Salman Muhammad , Ikram Aamer 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn Pakistan, the burden of influenza was largely unknown, as no formal surveillance system was in place. In 2008, an influenza surveillance system was set up in eight sentinel sites. This study describes the epidemiology of influenza virus using a 10‐year surveillance data from 2008 to 2017. Nasopharyngeal/throat swabs were collected from patients with influenza‐like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) along with relevant epidemiological information. The samples were tested using real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction for the detection and characterization of influenza viruses. A total of 17 209 samples were tested for influenza, out of which 3552 (20.6%) were positive; 2151/11 239 (19.1%) were patients with ILI, whereas 1401/5970 (23.5%) were patients with SARI. Influenza A/H1N1pdm09 was the predominant strain with 40.6% (n = 1442) followed by influenza B (936, 26.4%). Influenza A/H1N1pdm09 was predominant among the children (5‐14 years) and adults (15‐64 years). Influenza B strain was predominantly found in the elderly age group (≥ 65 years) accounting for 48% of cases followed by children (2‐4 years) accounting for 37% of cases. This 10‐year surveillance data provides evidence of influenza activity in the country throughout the year with seasonal winter peaks. The results could be used to strengthen the epidemic preparedness and response plan.
Infection and migration incidence of cardiac implantable electrical devices in Japan: Web‐based survey results
Authors: Nakajima Hiroshi , Nishii Nobuhiro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWeb‐based survey was conducted for experiences of cardiac implantable electrical device (CIED) infection and migration in Japan. A total of 155 cardiologists’ answer was collected in January, 2018. CIED includes pacemaker (PM), implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker (CRT‐P), and cardiac resynchronization therapy ICD (CRT‐D) and total of 10,499 CIEDs’ experiences of within previous twelve months were reported. CIED includes pacemaker (PM), implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), cardiac resynchronization therapy pacemaker (CRT‐P), and cardiac resynchronization therapy ICD (CRT‐D.). The infection rate of PM, ICD, CRT‐P, and CRT‐D was 0.79%, 0.81%, 0.45%, and 2.0%, respectively, and the device migration rate was 0.68%, 0.64%, 0.45%, and 0.93%, respectively. The overall infection rate was 0.85% and migration rate was 0.68%.
The variability of the Siberian high ridge over the Middle East
Authors: Labban Abdulhaleem H. , Mashat Abdul‐Wahab S. , Awad Adel M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn objective method was developed to detect local cells of the Siberian high (SH) over the Middle East, and mean sea level pressure (SLP) data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis dataset were used to specify the centers of local SH cells and associated ridges. The results indicated that approximately 25.8% of winter SH cells influence the Middle East, and this influence diminishes from December to February. Synoptically, the area between the Black and Caspian Seas represents a remote area for sensing the influences of the SH on the Middle East. Although the SH is considered a shallow system, the variability of the effectiveness of the SH throughout the Middle East was estimated from the integration of atmospheric systems at the whole‐atmosphere scale (from the surface to 200 hPa). Further, this study demonstrated that the westward extension of the SH over the Middle East is associated with weak cyclogenesis in the area between the Black and Caspian Seas; that is, the atmospheric systems are favourable for strengthening the upper‐layer ridge in this area. However, the eastward retreat of the SH extension from the Middle East is associated with strong cyclogenesis in the area between the Black and Caspian Seas; that is, the atmospheric systems are unfavourable for strengthening the upper‐layer ridge in this area. This study revealed the importance of the SH in the generation of the pressure gradient over the Arabian Peninsula and the associated development of dust storms and the Red Sea Trough.
Is there an association between social determinants and care dependency risk? A multi‐state model analysis of a longitudinal study
Authors: Schneider Alice , Blüher Stefan , Grittner Ulrike , Anton Verena , Schaeffner Elke , Ebert Natalie , Jakob Olga , Martus Peter , Kuhlmey Adelheid , Wenning Volker , Schnitzer Susanne 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDespite a growing body of knowledge about the morbidities and functional impairment that frequently lead to care dependency, the role of social determinants is not yet well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of social determinants on care dependency onset and progression. We used data from the Berlin Initiative Study, a prospective, population‐based cohort study including 2,069 older participants living in Berlin. Care dependency was defined as requiring substantial assistance in at least two activities of daily living for 90 min daily (level 1) or 3+ hours daily (level 2). Multi‐state time to event regression modeling was used to estimate the effects of social determinants (partnership status, education, income, and sex), morbidities, and health behaviors, characteristics, and conditions. During the study period, 556 participants (27.5%) changed their status of care dependency. Participants without a partner at baseline were at a higher risk to become care‐dependent than participants with a partner (hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24 (1.02–1.51)). After adjustment for other social determinants, morbidities and health behaviors, characteristics, and conditions the risk decreased to a HR of 1.19 (95% CI: 0.79–1.79). Results indicate that older people without a partner may tend to be at higher risk of care dependency onset but not at higher risk of care dependency progression. Clinicians should inquire about and consider patients’ partnership status as they evaluate care needs.
A robust and healable polyurethane based on coordination bonds
Authors: Xu Shaobin , Sheng Dekun , Zhou Yan , Wu Haohao , Xie Haopu , Liu Xiangdong , Yang Yuming 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMost self‐healing materials based on noncovalent bonding suffer from poor mechanical performance, which largely limits their further application. Herein, we designed and synthesized robust and healable polymers that can be healed under heating. They consist of a linear and three‐arm branched polyurethane mixture with triazole ligand end groups that are noncovalently linked through Fe–triazole interaction. The three‐arm branched polyurethane in the polymer mixture would imply parts of Fe‐triazole coordination bonds were replaced by covalent bonds and, as a consequence, yield materials with improved mechanical properties. Additionally, the mechanical properties of resulting polymers can be tuned by the number of Fe–triazole supramolecular crosslinks. Due to the dynamic nature of Fe–triazole interaction, all the metallopolymers exhibit excellent healable efficiency (over 90%) based on toughness. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
The regional dynamics of internal migration intensities in Italy
Authors: Bonifazi Corrado , Heins Frank , Licari Francesca , Tucci Enrico 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper considers internal migration in Italy in terms of current patterns and longer term trends in migration intensity. It systematically reviews the Italian situation by considering internal migration patterns by citizenship and gender using a geography of 611 local labour market areas (LLMAs), distinguishing between short‐ and long‐distance moves. Attention is given, in particular, to how migration intensities have changed between the categories of LLMAs and across different demographic subgroups. The paper also provides descriptive analyses of the influence on migration patterns of the persistent socio‐economic disparities, which exist between LLMAs. Finally, it discusses the role of delayed youth transitions from home, showing how this phenomenon—also observed in other countries—manifests itself in the Italian national and regional contexts.
Tailoring the electrochemical interface of mesoporous carbon with ubiquinone for detection of parabens in cosmetics
Authors: Kannan Aarthi , Shalini Devi K. S. , Dinesh Bose , Maheswari Krishnan Uma , Gandhi Sakthivel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractQuality assessment of paraben in cosmetic products is in need to avoid and control the deadly side effect caused in humans. Though, there are various studies reported on sensing paraben electrochemically, the use of chemical modifiers is restricted to carbon based materials due to its efficiency but, the mesoporous carbon with high surface area and electron transfer property is hitherto unexplored. Here, we have investigated the sensing of paraben and its derivatives by using ubiquinone (Q10) introduced mesoporous carbon (MPC) via cyclic voltammetric (CV) and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) techniques. The morphological studies of MPC showed rod shaped structure. The pore size and the pore volume were found to be 3.93 nm and 0.4 cm3/g respectively. The fabricated sensor showed good electrocatalytic activity for detecting methyl, ethyl and propyl paraben with the detection limit of 0.26 μM, 0.3 μM and 1.07 μM, respectively. Real time measurements of the modification were further utilized for commercially available cosmetic samples.
Cognitive arousal mediates the relationship between perceived ostracism and sleep quality but it is not moderated by experiential avoidance
Authors: Waldeck Daniel , Banerjee Moitree , Jenks Rebecca , Tyndall Ian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrevious research suggests that longer‐term perceived ostracism is related to poor sleep quality. In this study, we investigated the mediating effect of cognitive arousal on the perceived ostracism–sleep quality relationship. We also investigated whether experiential avoidance was a moderator of the cognitive arousal–sleep quality relationship. Participants (N = 251) were recruited through online research portals to take part in an online survey. A path analysis was used to test a moderated mediation effect between variables. It was found that cognitive arousal mediated the perceived ostracism–sleep quality relationship; however, experiential avoidance was not a significant moderator. These findings suggest that further research needs to be conducted to elucidate the mechanism of experiential avoidance to account for when it may impact sleep quality. Moreover, treatment interventions targeted at reducing cognitive arousal (e.g., cognitive behavioural therapy) prior to sleep are likely to bear some fruit.
Zustandsbewertung bestehender Druckrohrleitungen von Wasserkraftanlagen
Authors: Taras Andreas , Kager Armin , Theiner Dieter , Cavedon Valentina 
Published: April 2020

AbstractStählerne Druckrohrleitungen in Wasserkraftanlagen führen das Triebwasser von der Wasserfassung über weite Strecken und oft sehr große Höhensprünge hinweg zu den Kraftwerksturbinen. Als gleichzeitige Strukturelemente und Transportleitungen stellen sie besonders hoch und komplex beanspruchte Stahlkonstruktionen dar. Für die Betreiber von Wasserkraftanlagen ist die Bewertung des Zustands von Druckrohrleitungen daher einer der wichtigsten Schritte im Zuge der Erteilung, Erneuerung und Aufrechterhaltung einer Nutzungskonzession durch die staatlichen Behörden. Für die Wasserkraftanlagen in der italienischen Autonomen Provinz Bozen – Südtirol wurden – aufgrund ihrer besonderen Bedeutung für die Energieversorgung des Landes und des Alters der Anlagen – in den letzten Jahren systematisch derartige Zustandsbewertungen (Assessments) durchgeführt. Für die Bewertung bestehender älterer Druckrohrleitungen im Hinblick auf die statisch‐konstruktive Trag‐ und Betriebssicherheit muss dabei – aufgrund des Fehlens von einschlägigen Normen und Regelwerken mit allgemein anerkannten, durchgehenden Vorgehensweisen – auf die Expertise aus verschiedenen Literaturstellen und Fachbereichen zurückgegriffen werden. Das ist der Tatsache geschuldet, dass Druckrohrleitungen typische Eigenschaften sowohl eines (stählernen) Bauwerks als auch einer Hochdruckkomponente des Anlagenbaus aufweisen. Damit spielen die Ergebnisse von zerstörenden und zerstörungsfreien Prüfungen sowie die Anwendung fortschrittlicher numerischer Berechnungen und Nachweisverfahren eine besonders große Rolle. Dieser Beitrag vermittelt einen Überblick über die im Land Südtirol in den letzten Jahren durchgeführten Zustandsbewertungen bei Druckrohrleitungen und die dabei angewandten Methoden.
Posteriores reversibles enzephalopathisches Syndrom und Hyperammonämie: zwei Entitäten für Hirnödem und Status epilepticus bei einer Patientin nach Lungentransplantation
Authors: Bächle F. , Bansbach J. , Hettich I. , Lambeck J. , Senbaklavaci Ö. , Kalbhenn J. 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungFünf Wochen nach primär erfolgreicher Lungentransplantation entwickelt eine 58-jährige Patientin rasch progrediente neurologische Symptome mit Vigilanzverlust. Als Ursachen können einerseits ein posteriores reversibles enzephalopathisches Syndrom (PRES) unter Therapie mit Tacrolimus, andererseits eine schwere Hyperammonämie durch Sepsis mit Ureaplasma urealyticum identifiziert werden. Infektionen mit Ureaplasmen, die Ammoniak als Stoffwechselprodukt produzieren, werden durch spezifische „polymerase chain reaction“(PCR, Polymerase Kettenreaktion)-Verfahren zunehmend bei Immunsupprimierten identifiziert und sollten grundsätzlich als Ursache für unklare neurologische Symptome in Betracht gezogen werden.
Alles nur Spielzeug? Eine Untersuchung verschiedener Geschossspielzeuge hinsichtlich ihres Gefahrenpotenzials
Authors: Freund A. , Nordhaus M. , Ritz-Timme S. , Hartung B. 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungGeschossspielzeuge wie die der Marke Nerf werden von der Allgemeinheit zumeist als harmlos und ungefährlich angesehen. In den letzten Jahren wurden die bunten Waffen ständig weiterentwickelt und verschießen mittlerweile Projektile mit Geschwindigkeiten von deutlich über 100 km/h. Unlängst wurde von Augenverletzungen im Zusammenhang mit Geschossspielzeugen dieser Art berichtet. Eine Untersuchung verschiedener auf dem Markt erhältlicher Modelle hinsichtlich ihrer ballistischen Eigenschaften sollte Aufschluss darüber geben, welche Gefahr von ihnen ausgeht. Sowohl die im Versuch ermittelten kinetischen Energien und Kontaktflächen der Geschosse als auch die ungleichmäßige Verteilung des Drucks beim Auftreffen lassen darauf schließen, dass Augenverletzungen im Umgang mit Geschossspielzeugen nicht auszuschließen sind.
Robot-assisted treatment of unstable pelvic fractures with a percutaneous iliac lumbar double rod fixation combined with a percutaneous pelvic anterior ring INFIX fixation
Authors: Du Wei , Sun Tao , Ding Yan , Jiang Chuanqiang , Qu Wenqing , Zhang Shudong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the clinical effect of robot-assisted treatment of unstable pelvic fractures through a percutaneous iliac lumbar double rod fixation combined with a percutaneous pelvic anterior ring INFIX (internal fixator) fixation.

Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of 17 cases of unstable anterior and posterior pelvic ring fractures treated between April 2016 and October 2018 by the third Ti-robot system produced in China. The posterior ring was supported with an iliac lumbar double rod fixation and the anterior ring with an INFIX fixation. Operation time and peri-operative bleeding were recorded. The reduction of pelvic fracture displacement was evaluated by Matta score, the post-operative results were evaluated according to Majeed score, and the complications were recorded.

Results
Twelve males and five females, aged 21–71 years (mean 40.1 ± 3.8 years) were followed up for three to 12 months, (median 6.7 months). Tile typing showed seven B1 type, two B2 type, and eight C1 type cases. Operation time was 90–160 minutes (mean 112.9 ± 16.8 minutes), bleeding was 80–150 mL (mean 105.9 ± 20.6 mL). X-ray three to five days after operation was evaluated by Matta score as excellent in 15 and good in two cases. Majeed score at last follow-up was 85–98 points, excellent in 17 cases. Two cases of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis received an inferior vena cava filter. The filters were removed after two weeks. One case showed incision fat liquefaction healing and the wound healed three weeks after surgery.

Conclusion
Orthopedic robot-assisted treatment of unstable pelvic fractures by a percutaneous iliac lumbar double rod fixation and a percutaneous pelvic anterior ring INFIX fixator was minimally invasive and feasible. A prospective study is needed.
Increased Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Intra‐arterial Infusion Chemotherapy in HCC Patients with Portal Vein Infiltration after Hepatectomy
Authors: Hamada T. , Yano K. , Wada T. , Imamura N. , Hiyoshi M. , Kondo K. , Nanashima Atsushi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe role of adjuvant hepatic intra‐arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAI) is considered to be a promising option.MethodsWe examined treatment effects of adjuvant HAI using cisplatin in 37 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein infiltration (PVI) who underwent hepatectomy in comparison with those in 85 patients who did not.ResultsPVI in 89 patients. Increased levels of aspartate transaminase, tumor markers, size and microvessel tumor infiltration (MVI) or cirrhosis, poorly differentiation, non‐adjuvant HAI was associated with lower overall survival (p = 0.09). Poor differentiation, MVI and HAI were independently risk factors associated with tumor‐free and overall survivals by the multivariate analysis (p < 0.05). Adjuvant HAI tended to show longer survivals in comparison with no‐HAI (p = 0.08) and the multivariate analysis revealed significant efficacy of HAI for better prognosis.ConclusionAdjuvant HAI showed effectiveness on prolonging tumor‐free and patient survival in HCC with PVI and is a promising option in the daily clinical practice.
Healthcare resource utilization in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: post hoc analysis of the randomized phase 3 REVEL study
Authors: Garon Edward B. , Winfree Katherine B. , Molife Cliff , Cui Zhanglin Lin , Arriola Edurne , Levy Benjamin , Mekhail Tarek , Pérol Maurice 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
In REVEL, patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) and patients with increased tumor aggressiveness (rapid disease progression (RDP), platinum-refractory disease (PRD), and high symptom burden (HSB)) benefited from second-line treatment with ramucirumab plus docetaxel over placebo plus docetaxel. This post hoc analysis describes healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) associated with the treatment.

Methods
aNSCLC patients who had progressed during or after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy were randomized to receive docetaxel and either ramucirumab or placebo until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, withdrawal, or death. HCRU included hospitalizations, transfusions, and concomitant medications. Categorical variables (counts and percentages) were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Continuous variables (mean, standard deviation (SD), median, minimum, and maximum) were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test.

Results
Patient characteristics were largely similar between treatment arms. Within the intent-to-treat (ITT) population (n = 1253), the mean treatment duration was 19.7 and 16.9 weeks in the ramucirumab and control arms, respectively; 51.0% versus 54.9% of patients received subsequent anticancer therapy, respectively. Hospitalization rates were 41.9% versus 42.6% (p = 0.863), mean length of hospital stay was 14.5 days versus 11.3 days (p = 0.066), transfusion rates were 9.9% versus 12.3% (p = 0.206), and use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors was 41.8% versus 36.6% (p = 0.063), respectively. No significant difference was observed in HCRU between treatment arms in both ITT population and in aggressive disease subgroups including RDP (n = 209), PRD (n = 360), and HSB (n = 497).

Conclusion
In REVEL, the addition of ramucirumab to docetaxel did not increase HCRU among patients with aggressive aNSCLC disease. These results may help inform economic evaluation of treatment for patients with aNSCLC.
Use of a new transanal irrigation device for bowel disorder management by patients familiar with the irrigation technique: a prospective, interventional, multicenter pilot study
Authors: Charvier K. , Bonniaud V. , Waz D. , Desprez C. , Leroi A.-M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of transanal irrigation (TAI) with a new medical device incorporating an electric pump, the IryPump®R Set.

Methods
An interventional, prospective, open-label, non-comparative, multicenter pilot study on TAI was conducted at three French university hospitals. Patients with experience of TAI were enrolled for a 1-month period during which 5 consecutive TAIs were performed using the IryPump®R Set (B.Braun Melsungen AG Melsungen, Germany). The study’s primary efficacy criterion was successful TAI, defined as (i) use of the patient’s usual irrigation volume of water, (ii) stool evacuation, and (iii) the absence of leakage between TAIs. The first two TAIs were not taken into account in the main analysis. The secondary outcome measures were device acceptability, bowel dysfunction scores, tolerability, and safety.

Results
Fifteen patients were included between November 2016 and May 2017, and 14 were assessed in the main analysis. The TAI success rate was 72.4% (21 out of 29 procedures). The bowel dysfunction scores at the end of the study did not differ significantly from those recorded on inclusion. A high proportion of patients (> 70%) reported that TAI was feasible with the new medical device. There were no serious adverse events or device-related adverse events. At the end of the study, 50% of the participants were willing to consider further use of the new device.

Conclusions
In patients familiar with TAI, using a new medical device incorporating an electric pump was feasible. Levels of patient satisfaction were high, especially with regard to comfort of use and a feeling of security during TAI.
Anaplasmataceae closely related to Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Neorickettsia helminthoeca from birds in Central Europe, Hungary
Authors: Hornok Sándor , Boldogh Sándor A. , Takács Nóra , Juhász Alexandra , Kontschán Jenő , Földi Dorottya , Koleszár Balázs , Morandini Pál , Gyuranecz Miklós , Szekeres Sándor 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIncreasing amount of data attest that (in the context of vector-borne infections) birds are not only important as hosts of blood-sucking arthropod vectors, but also as reservoirs of vector-borne pathogens. From 2015 to 2019 cadavers of 100 birds (from 45 species, nine orders) were collected in Hungary, and their organs were screened for DNA from a broad range of vector-borne bacteria with PCR and sequencing. Molecular analyses revealed the presence of Anaplasmataceae, and sequencing identified bacteria closely related to Neorickettsia helminthoeca and Ehrlichia chaffeensis in a Eurasian teal (Anas crecca) and a song thrush (Turdus philomelos), respectively. All samples were PCR negative for rickettsiae, borreliae, Francisella and Coxiella spp., as well as for piroplasms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a Neorickettsia and an Ehrlichia sp., which belong to the phylogenetic groups of N. helminthoeca and E. chaffeensis, respectively, from Europe. The potential presence of these two vector-borne bacteria needs to be taken into account during future studies on the eco-epidemiology of Anaplasmataceae in Europe.