bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficiency evaluation of a bridgeless totem‐pole power factor correction rectifier using GaN and insulated gate bipolar transistor devices for battery charger
Authors: Mayer Robson , Berrehil El Kattel Menaouar , Jeske Edson , Garcia Oliveira Sérgio Vidal 
Published: October 2020

SummaryWide‐bandgap semiconductor materials, like gallium nitride (GaN) and silicon carbide (SiC), promise to deliver a substantial advancement in the level of energy efficiency and overall size reduction in power electronic converters. This work uses the bridgeless totem‐pole power factor correction (PFC) rectifier to compare theoretical and experimental efficiency and switching energies when using GaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) and insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) devices. An experimental prototype of 1‐kW output power and 220‐V input voltage is built to verify the characteristics of GaN HEMT technology as well as the performance of the converter in power supplies for application with battery charging. The theoretical switching energies that are calculated to the traditional methods, were shown to be in close agreement with the experimental data, simplifying the design and choice of GaN devices by the designers. GaN devices showed a marginally better efficiency than theoretical predictions, even at low switching frequencies, whereas IGBT devices showed a poorer efficiency than theoretical predictions. Peak efficiency using GaN HEMTs was 98.43% at 50% load and 98.16% at full load. With the use of IGBTs, the peak efficiency was 96.69% at 30% load.
Immunogenetic and tolerance strategies against a novel parasitoid of wild field crickets
Authors: Sikkink Kristin L. , Bailey Nathan W. , Zuk Marlene , Balenger Susan L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAmong the parasites of insects, endoparasitoids impose a costly challenge to host defenses because they use their host’s body for the development and maturation of their eggs or larvae, and ultimately kill the host. Tachinid flies are highly specialized acoustically orienting parasitoids, with first instar mobile larvae that burrow into the host’s body to feed. We investigated the possibility that Teleogryllus oceanicus field crickets employ postinfestation strategies to maximize survival when infested with the larvae of the parasitoid fly Ormia ochracea. Using crickets from the Hawaiian Islands of Kauai, where the parasitoid is present, and crickets from the Cook Islands (Mangaia), where the parasitoid is absent, we evaluated fitness consequences of infestation by comparing feeding behavior, reproductive capacity, and survival of males experimentally infested with O. ochracea larvae. We also evaluated mechanisms underlying host responses by comparing gene expression in crickets infested with fly larvae for different lengths of time with that of uninfested control crickets. We observed weak population differences in fitness (spermatophore production) and survival (total survival time postinfestation). These responses generally did not show an interaction between population and the number of larva hosts carried or by host body condition. Gene expression patterns also revealed population differences in response to infestation, but we did not find evidence for consistent differences in genes associated with immunity or stress response. One possibility is that any postinfestation evolved resistance does not involve genes associated with these particular functional categories. More likely, these results suggest that coevolution with the fly does not strongly select for either postinfestation resistance or tolerance of parasitoid larvae in male crickets.
Identifying participants with knee osteoarthritis likely to benefit from physical therapy education and exercise: A hypothesis‐generating study
Authors: Tanaka So , Nishigami Tomohiko , Wand Benedict Martin , Stanton Tasha R. , Mibu Akira , Tokunaga Masami , Yoshimoto Takaaki , Ushida Takahiro 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this investigation was to undertake a hypothesis‐generating study to identify candidate variables that characterize people with knee osteoarthritis who are most likely to experience a positive response to exercise.MethodsOne hundred and fifty participants with knee osteoarthritis participated in this observational, longitudinal study. All participants received a standard exercise intervention that consisted of 20‐min sessions two to three times a week for three months. The classification and regression tree methodology (CART) was used to develop prediction of positive clinical outcome. Positive pain and disability outcomes (dependent variables) were defined as an improvement in pain intensity by >50% or an improvement of five or more on the Oxford knee score, respectively. The predictor variables considered included age, sex, body mass index, knee osteoarthritis severity (Kellgren/Lawrence grade), pain duration, use of medication, range of knee motion, pain catastrophizing, self‐efficacy and knee self‐perception.ResultsFifty‐five participants (36.6%) were classified as responders for pain intensity and 36.6% were classified as responders for disability. The CART model identified impairments in knee self‐perception and knee osteoarthritis severity as the discriminators for pain intensity reduction following exercise. No variables predicted reduction of disability level following exercise.ConclusionsSuch findings suggest that both body perception and osteoarthritis severity may play a role in treatment outcome with exercise. It also raises the possibility that those with higher levels of disrupted body perception may need additional treatment targeted at restoring body perception prior to undertaking exercise.SignificanceRegardless age, sex, body mass index, pain duration, use of medication, knee range of motion, pain catastrophizing and self‐efficacy, participants with knee osteoarthritis who report low levels of body perception disruption (a FreKAQ score ≦ 17) and minimal structural changes (KL grade I) demonstrate significantly better outcomes from exercise therapy than other participants.
Multi‐scenario comprehensive benefit evaluation model of a multi‐energy micro‐grid based on the matter‐element extension model
Authors: Liu Hang , Shen Weijie , He Xinying , Zeng Bo , Liu Yingxin , Zeng Ming , Zhao Chaoyue 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntegrated energy systems and multi‐energy micro‐grids are complex multi‐agent collaborative optimization projects. According to the operating structure and characteristics of the multi‐energy system, considering the externality, economy and other factors, a scientific and effective comprehensive evaluation are important decision supports to ensure its implementation and promote its development. Therefore, this paper proposes a comprehensive benefit evaluation model of a multi‐energy micro‐grid based on the matter‐element extension model. With the research trends and practical requirements of multi‐energy micro‐grid benefit evaluation, an evaluation index system covering energy efficiency indicators, economic indicators, reliability indicators, and renewable energy consumption indicators has been constructed, and uncertainties have been resolved in cloud model and fuzzy set theory. Based on the advantages of the performance evaluation information, the system operation scenarios in the process of planning scheme formation are fully considered, and then a matter‐element‐extensible multi‐attribute decision‐making model is proposed to evaluate the comprehensive benefits of multi‐energy micro‐grids. Finally, the feasibility of the above method is verified by comparing the comprehensive benefit evaluation results of the multi‐energy micro‐grid under different planning scenarios. In addition, a certain decision‐making reference is provided for the formation of a multi‐energy micro‐grid configuration scheme.
Effects of dietary oils prepared from the internal organs of the Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) on cholesterol metabolism in obese type‐II diabetic KK‐Ay mice
Authors: Sugimoto Koki , Hosomi Ryota , Yoshida Munehiro , Fukunaga Kenji 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOur research team has successfully prepared high‐quality scallop oil (SCO), containing high eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and phospholipids (PL) from the internal organs of Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) which is the largest unutilized marine resource in Japan. In this study, we prepared SCOs from scallop internal organs obtained from Mutsu (Aomori) and Uchiura (Hokkaido) bays in Japan, and named them SCO‐M and SCO‐U, respectively. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary SCO‐M and SCO‐U on cholesterol metabolism in obese type‐II diabetic KK‐Ay mice. Four‐week‐old male KK‐Ay mice were divided into four groups. The Control group was fed with AIN93G‐modified high‐fat (3 wt% soybean oil + 17 wt% lard) diet, and the other groups were fed with high‐fat diet, in which 7 wt% of the lard contained in the Control diet was replaced with SCO‐M, SCO‐U, or tuna oil (TO). After the mice had been fed with the experimental diet for 49 days, their serum, liver, and fecal lipid contents, as well as their liver messenger ribonucleic acid expression levels, were evaluated. The SCO‐M and SCO‐U groups were significantly decreased liver cholesterol contents compared to those of the Control and TO groups, partially through the enhancement of the fecal neutral sterol excretions and the tendency to increase the cholesterol 7α‐hydroxylase expression level of the liver. These results indicated that dietary SCO‐M and SCO‐U exhibited cholesterol‐lowering functions in the liver that can help prevent the development of lifestyle‐related diseases.
Reference Ability Neural Network‐selective functional connectivity across the lifespan
Authors: Argiris Georgette , Stern Yaakov , Habeck Christian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated that four latent variables, or reference abilities (RAs), can account for the majority of age‐related changes in cognition: these being episodic memory, fluid reasoning, speed of processing, and vocabulary. In the current study, we focused on RA‐selective functional connectivity patterns that vary with both age and behavior. We analyzed fMRI data from 287 community‐dwelling adults (20–80 years) on a battery of tests relating to the four RAs (three tests per RA = 12 tests). Functional connectivity values were calculated between a pre‐defined set of 264 ROIs (nodes). Across all participants, we (a) identified connections (edges) that correlated with an RA‐specific indicator variable and, indexing only these edges; (b) performed linear regression analysis per edge, regressing indicator correlations (Model 1) and connectivity values (Model 2) on Age, Behavioral Performance, and the Interaction term; and (c) took the conjunction of significant edges between models. Results revealed a different subset of edges for each RA whose connectivity strength and domain‐selectivity varied with age and behavior. Strikingly, the fluid reasoning RA was particularly vulnerable to the effects of age and displayed the most extensive connectivity and selectivity “footprint” for behavior. These findings indicate that different functional networks are recruited across RA, with fluid reasoning displaying a special status among them.
Development of a multiomics database for personalized prognostic forecasting in head and neck cancer: The Big Data to Decide EU Project
Authors: Cavalieri Stefano , De Cecco Loris , Brakenhoff Ruud H. , Serafini Mara Serena , Canevari Silvana , Rossi Silvia , Lanfranco Davide , Hoebers Frank J. P. , Wesseling Frederik W. R. , Keek Simon , Scheckenbach Kathrin , Mattavelli Davide , Hoffmann Thomas , López Pérez Laura , Fico Giuseppe , Bologna Marco , Nauta Irene , Leemans C. René , Trama Annalisa , Klausch Thomas , Berkhof Johannes Hans , Tountopoulos Vasilis , Shefi Ron , Mainardi Luca , Mercalli Franco , Poli Tito , Licitra Lisa ,   the BD2Decide Consortium
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundDespite advances in treatments, 30% to 50% of stage III‐IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients relapse within 2 years after treatment. The Big Data to Decide (BD2Decide) project aimed to build a database for prognostic prediction modeling.MethodsStage III‐IV HNSCC patients with locoregionally advanced HNSCC treated with curative intent (1537) were included. Whole transcriptomics and radiomics analyses were performed using pretreatment tumor samples and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging scans, respectively.ResultsThe entire cohort was composed of 71% male (1097)and 29% female (440): oral cavity (429, 28%), oropharynx (624, 41%), larynx (314, 20%), and hypopharynx (170, 11%); median follow‐up 50.5 months. Transcriptomics and imaging data were available for 1284 (83%) and 1239 (80%) cases, respectively; 1047 (68%) patients shared both.ConclusionsThis annotated database represents the HNSCC largest available repository and will enable to develop/validate a decision support system integrating multiscale data to explore through classical and machine learning models their prognostic role.
Assessing uncertainty in the natural rate of interest: Info‐gap as guide for monetary policy in the euro area
Authors: Ben‐Haim Yakov , Van den End Jan Willem 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we assume that the natural rate of interest is fundamentally uncertain. Based on a small‐scale macroeconomic model, info‐gap theory is used to rank different monetary policy strategies in terms of their robustness against this uncertainty. Applied to the euro area, we find that an inert or patient monetary strategy is more robust to natural rate uncertainty than a strategy that follows an estimated Taylor rule. An actively responsive monetary strategy is least robust. Our analysis presents a methodology that is applicable in a wide range of policy analyses under deep uncertainty.
Concept of photonic hook scalpel generated by shaped fiber tip with asymmetric radiation
Authors: Minin Igor V. , Minin Oleg V. , Liu Yan‐Yu , Tuchin Valery V. , Liu Cheng‐Yang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractStructured light have made deep impacts on modern biotechnology and clinical practice, with numerous optical systems and lasers currently being used in medicine to treat disease. We demonstrate a new concept of fiber‐based optical hook scalpel. The subwavelength photonic hook is obtained in the vicinity of a shaped fiber tip with asymmetric radiation. A 1550 nm continuous‐wave source, commonly used for medical imaging, has been required. Photonic hook with a lateral feature size less than the half‐wavelength is achieved using a hemispherical shaped fiber tip with metallic mask. This breakthrough is carried out in ambient air by using a 4‐μm‐diameter fiber with a shaped tip. A good correlation is observed between the computed intensity distribution of photonic hook and the tip sizes. Photonic hook generated with a shaped fiber tip, easier to manipulate, shows far‐reaching benefits for potential applications such as ophthalmic laser surgery, super‐resolution microscopy, photolithography and material processing.
On induced subgraphs of the Hamming graph
Authors: Dong Dingding 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn connection with his solution of the Sensitivity Conjecture, Hao Huang (arXiv: 1907.00847, 2019) asked the following question: Given a graph with high symmetry, what can we say about the smallest maximum degree of induced subgraphs of with vertices, where denotes the size of the largest independent set in ? We study this question for , the ‐dimensional Hamming graph over an alphabet of size . Generalizing a construction by Chung et al. (JCT‐A, 1988), we prove that has an induced subgraph with more than vertices and maximum degree at most . Chung et al. proved this statement for (the ‐dimensional cube).
Three‐year follow up of using combination therapy with fresh‐frozen plasma and iron chelation in a patient with acaeruloplasminemia
Authors: Tridimas Andreas , Gillett Godfrey T. , Pollard Sally , Sadasivam Nandini , Williams Adrian , Mellor Kirsty , Catchpole Anthony , Stepien Karolina M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAcaeruloplasminemia is a rare autosomal recessive condition caused by inactivating mutations of the CP gene encoding caeruloplasmin (ferroxidase). Caeruloplasmin is a copper‐containing plasma ferroxidase enzyme with a key role in facilitating cellular iron efflux. We describe a case of a patient with acaeruloplasminemia, confirmed by genetic analysis, treated with combination therapy of monthly fresh‐frozen plasma (FFP) or Octaplas and iron chelation over a 3‐year period. This 19‐year‐old male was diagnosed at the age of 14 after developing issues with social interaction at school prompting investigation. Prior to this, he had been well with a normal childhood. He was found to have an iron deficient picture with a paradoxically high ferritin, with low serum copper and undetectable caeruloplasmin. Genetic testing identified a homozygous splicing mutation, c.(1713 + delG);(c.1713 + delG), in intron 9 of the caeruloplasmin gene. Ferriscan showed a high liver iron concentration of 5.3 mg/g dry tissue (0.17‐1.8). Brain and cardiac T2‐weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging did not detect iron deposition of the brain or heart respectively. Treatment with monthly Octaplas infusion was commenced alongside deferasirox (540 mg o.d.) in an attempt to increase caeruloplasmin levels and reduce iron overload, respectively. After 3 years of treatment, there was biochemical improvement with a reduction in ferritin from 1084 (12‐250) to 457 μg/L, ALT from 87 (<50) to 34 U/L together with improvement in his microcytic anaemia. No significant adverse events occurred. This case report adds further evidence of treatment efficacy and safety of combined FFP and iron chelation therapy in acaeruloplasminemia.
Three successful pregnancies in a patient with glycogen storage disease type 0
Authors: Grünert Sarah C. , Rosenbaum‐Fabian Stefanie , Hannibal Luciana , Schumann Anke , Spiekerkötter Ute 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGlycogen storage disease type 0 (GSD 0) is a rare inborn error of metabolism due to deficiency of the enzyme glycogen synthase (EC 2.4.1.11). The disorder is clinically characterized by ketotic fasting hypoglycemia in combination with postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlactatemia. So far, only one pregnancy has been described in a woman with GSD 0. We report a 32‐year‐old GSD 0 patient with three successful pregnancies. The diagnosis of GSD 0 was made in early childhood due to characteristic symptoms. The patient had two healthy children at the time of her first visit in our metabolic center. The diet was optimized prior to her third pregnancy with a protein‐rich diet including cornstarch and protein supplements. Pregnancy was confirmed at week 6 of gestation. Dietary management was difficult during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester due to severe nausea. Labor was induced at 37 weeks of gestation due to cholestasis of pregnancy, and the patient delivered a healthy baby girl. Perinatally, the mother received a high glucose infusion to stabilize blood glucose levels. The neonate also required a glucose infusion postnatally because of impaired glucose homeostasis. Similar to diabetic fetopathy, recurrent maternal hyperglycemia may result in hyperinsulinism of the child and trigger neonatal hypoglycemia. All four pregnancies in women with GSD 0 described to date occurred with minor complications and resulted in healthy offspring, which underpins the good prognosis and rather benign character of this rare metabolic disease. Careful monitoring during pregnancy and delivery is, however, necessary to minimize the risk of recurrent hypoglycemia for both mother and child.
Kinematics and morphology: A comparison of3D‐patterns in the fifth pereiopod of swimming and non‐swimming crab species (Malacostraca, Decapoda, Brachyura)
Authors: Schmidt Michel , Hazerli Dennis , Richter Stefan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSwimming crabs of the taxon Portunoidea show specialized, paddle‐shaped fifth pereiopods (P5), which play a role in these crabs' ability to swim. In this study, the morphology of the fifth pereiopod in swimming and non‐swimming crabs was studied in detail and the mobility in the articulations between podomeres was calculated from reconstructed three‐dimensional (3D)‐models. This way, we aimed to provide new estimates of kinematic parameters, and to answer the question on a possible homology of the P5 within several portunoid clades. We measured and compared podomere length ratios, orientations of the joint axes, and modeled single range of motion (sROM) of each joint as well as the total range of motion (tROM) of all joints of the P5 as a whole. Seven Portunoidea species, four of them belonging to the P5‐swimming crab morphotype (Liocarcinus depurator,Polybius henslowii,Callinectes sapidus,Portunus pelagicus) and three not belonging to this morphotype (Carcinus aestuarii,Portumnus latipes, and with uncertain statusCarupa tenuipes) were compared with the non‐portunoidsSternodromia monodi,Ranina ranina,Raninoides bouvieri,Eriocheir sinensis,Varuna litterata,Ashtoret lunaris, andCancer pagurus. The study was carried out using a combination of microcomputer tomography (μCT)‐techniques and 3D‐reconstructions. TheμCT‐data were used to create surface models of the P5 in Amira, which were then 3D‐animated and manipulated in Maya to qualitatively compare modeled kinematic parameters. Results show that the merus and carpus in swimming crabs are shorter than in non‐swimming crabs, whilesROMangles are generally larger. ThetROMof all joints expressed as Euclidean distances is generally higher in the portunoids (except forCarcinus). Our comparison of the complete trajectory of the dactylus tip regarding all maximum joint positions of the studied species suggests that the P5‐swimming leg might have evolved once in the Portunoidea and got lost afterward in certain clades.
Nutritional interventions to improve neurophysiological impairments following traumatic brain injury: A systematic review
Authors: McGeown Joshua P. , Hume Patria A. , Theadom Alice , Quarrie Kenneth L. , Borotkanics Robert 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for significant global health burden. Effects of TBI can become chronic even following mild injury. There is a need to develop effective therapies to attenuate the damaging effects of TBI and improve recovery outcomes. This literature review using a priori criteria (PROSPERO; CRD42018100623) summarized 43 studies between January 1998 and July 2019 that investigated nutritional interventions (NUT) delivered with the objective of altering neurophysiological (NP) outcomes following TBI. Risk of bias was assessed for included studies, and NP outcomes recorded. The systematic search resulted in 43 of 3,748 identified studies met inclusion criteria. No studies evaluated the effect of a NUT on NP outcomes of TBI in humans. Biomarkers of morphological changes and apoptosis, oxidative stress, and plasticity, neurogenesis, and neurotransmission were the most evaluated NP outcomes across the 43 studies that used 2,897 animals. The risk of bias was unclear in all reviewed studies due to poorly detailed methodology sections. Taking these limitations into account, anti‐oxidants, branched chain amino acids, and ω‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have shown the most promising pre‐clinical results for altering NP outcomes following TBI. Refinement of pre‐clinical methodologies used to evaluate effects of interventions on secondary damage of TBI would improve the likelihood of translation to clinical populations.