bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
0359 The Moderating Role of Race in the Association of Adolescent Sleep Duration and Marijuana Use
Authors: Levenson J C , Atuahene B , Bear T , Hacker K , Ricci E , Goldstein T R , Miller E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Insufficient sleep and marijuana use during adolescence vary by race and are associated with poor outcomes in various domains. Sleep difficulties predict drug-related problems, but not all adolescents with insufficient sleep go on to use substances. We examined whether race/ethnicity moderates the association of sleep duration and marijuana use among Black/African-American and White adolescents using a countywide probability-based survey of adolescents.

Methods
Using cross-sectional data (n=1447), logistic regression examined whether race moderated the association of adolescent sleep duration and recent marijuana use alone and after controlling for covariates in both weighted and unweighted models.

Results
Hours of sleep was significantly negatively associated with recent marijuana use. Black/African-American youth in our sample had up to a 60% increased odds of marijuana use in the past 30 days compared to White youth, and they reported significantly shorter sleep duration than their White peers. In weighted models, Black/African-American youth had an increased probability of marijuana use with fewer hours of sleep as compared to White youth, even after accounting for covariates.

Conclusion
In our countywide survey of adolescents, we found racial differences in the association of sleep duration and marijuana use. Future work should replicate our analyses with a longitudinal sample of adolescents to better evaluate the direction of these effects. Future efforts should also focus on identifying contextual factors that may explain racial differences in the sleep duration—substance use relationship, as well as developing strategies to reduce disparities in this relationship.

Support
The Heinz Foundation, the Hillman Foundation, the Grable Foundation, and the FISA Foundation. Dr. Levenson’s effort was supported by NICHD.
0382 Sex Differences in Sleep and Quality of Life in Healthcare Shift Workers
Authors: Lammers-van der Holst H M , Zhang Y , Barger L K , Wise J C , Murphy A S , Desnoyers B M , Qadri S , Ronda J M , Duffy J F 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Shift work is associated with insufficient and disrupted sleep and impaired quality of life due to misalignment between the timing of internal biological clock and work/sleep schedule. There are reported sex differences in the circadian timing system, in sleep, and in reported sleep complaints, but how these impact female shift workers remains unclear. Furthermore, relatively little is known about sex differences in quality of life in shift workers. The objective of this study is to investigate sex differences in sleepiness, insomnia and quality of life in healthcare shift workers.

Methods
Forty women (31 ± 6.4 yo) and 70 men (31.2 ± 6.7 yo) who work at least 4 night shifts a month, completed the Shift Worker Sleep and Health Survey. This REDcap administered survey included the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ-10). Independent samples T-tests were carried out using SAS.

Results
Women reported significantly higher scores on the ESS compared to men (13 ± 4 vs. 11 ± 3.4, respectively; t(108)=-2.74,P=0.007), as on the ISI (13 ± 5.2 vs. 9.8 ± 5.4; t(108)=-3.05,P=0.003), indicating greater levels of daytime sleepiness and insomnia-like symptoms in female shift workers. In addition, women scored significantly lower on the FOSQ-10 than men (13.9 ± 2.9 vs. 15.3 ± 2.5; t(108)=2.68,P=0.009), suggesting a lower functional status related to activities of daily living in female shift workers.

Conclusion
These preliminary analyses suggest that in this group of healthcare shift workers, women are less tolerant to irregular work hours compared to men, in terms of sleep, sleepiness and quality of life. Our future goal is to understand how sleep quality and duration, daytime sleepiness, and quality of life interact, and what role sex plays in those interactions.

Support
The study was supported by NIH grant R01 AG044416.
0387 Effect of Air Pollution on the Quality of Sleep - Korean Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hong S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Poor sleep quality is associated with adverse health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. Several studies have indicated the association between exposure to air pollution and sleep quality. However, the evidence is very limited in South Korea.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from a nationwide sample of 165,193 individuals aged 19 years or older from the 2018 Korea Community Health Survey. Perceived air pollution was measured in the baseline survey. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Poor sleep quality was defined by the global score of PSQI &gt; 5. The associations between perceived air pollution and sleep quality were examined using the regression models. Additionally, the average concentration of PM2.5 was measured in each region using a satellite-based prediction to see the association between perceived air pollution and long term exposure of fine dust.

Results
After adjusted for age, education, and income, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of poor sleep quality associated with perceived air pollution was 1.45. The average of daily concentrations of PM2.5 over 3 years was highest in Incheon area, followed by Seoul and Busan city. Among Gyeonggi Province, the most populous region in South Korea, the PM2.5 concentrations was the highest in Ansan. In each region in Korea, Incheon had the highest poor sleep quality rate of 48.0%, while Ansan in Gyeonggi Province had the highest rate of 61.5%. The results are in line with the distribution of PM2.5 concentrations by region.

Conclusion
Perceived air pollution and long term exposure of fine dust were associated with poor sleep quality in South Korea. Improvement of air quality may help to improve sleep quality. More studies are in need in the future to explore the biological mechanism for the relationship, and to also examine such relationship among different populations and in difference environments.

Support
For this study, we used raw data from the 2018 Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS), conducted by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
0389 Prevalent Insomnia Symptoms and Need for an Intervention Among Oncology Nurses
Authors: Lee S , Vigoureux T F , Gonzalez B D , Small B J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Insomnia is prevalent in the working population. Nurses may be particularly vulnerable to insomnia due to demands with shift work, limited recovery between shifts, lack of control over their work, and stress associated with proximity to life-threatening health conditions. Insomnia in nurses is a significant public health burden, because it can lead to degraded quality of patient care. This study examined the prevalence of insomnia symptoms among oncology nurses and the need for an intervention to improve insomnia symptoms.

Methods
Participants were 62 nurses working full-time at a cancer hospital (Mage=35.26±11.69). Participants were asked about their (1) main sleep-related complaint, (2) willingness to participate in a sleep-focused intervention, (3) preferred delivery forms of the intervention (i.e., group-based, online, and/or one-on-one), and (4) preference for content to include in the intervention (e.g., sleep hygiene education, mindfulness, cognitive-behavioral therapy). We used content analysis to analyze open-ended responses as well as descriptive statistics to summarize data.

Results
Most (74%) reported difficulty falling or staying asleep or not feeling rested upon awakening as their primary or secondary sleep concerns. Nearly all nurses (95%) expressed interest in participating in a future sleep-focused intervention. In terms of preferred delivery forms of the intervention, an online intervention was most preferred (56%), followed by group meetings at the workplace (50%), and one-on-one meetings at the clinic (29%). Mindfulness strategies were preferred by most nurses (73%), followed by cognitive-behavioral therapy (48%), and sleep hygiene education (34%).

Conclusion
Most oncology nurses report insomnia symptoms and the majority are interested in participating in an intervention to improve their insomnia symptoms either online or in group sessions at the workplace. The information obtained from this pilot study will serve as the basis for developing a future intervention to improve insomnia and overall sleep health in oncology nurses.

Support
This work was supported, in part, by the University of South Florida College of Behavioral & Community Sciences Internal Grant Program (PI: Lee, Grant No. 0134930).
0401 Sleep Characteristic Differences During Early Postpartum in White and African American Women
Authors: Kishman E E , Sparks J R , Liu J , Castleberry L A , Cook J W , Youngstedt S D , Wang X 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
In the general population, poor sleep quality and shorter sleep duration is associated with several adverse health outcomes. African American adults are more likely to report poorer sleep quality and shorter total sleep duration compared to White adults. However, there is limited information comparing sleep characteristics in White and African American women during postpartum, when many women experience reduced sleep quality. The purpose of this study was to compare sleep quality at 6-8 weeks postpartum in White and African American women.

Methods
White (n=84) and African American (n=37) women, who gave birth to a singleton at ≥ 37 weeks of gestation, completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) at 6-8 weeks postpartum. The PSQI was used to assess global sleep quality, time in bed, and 7 components regarding sleep. The components included: Subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medication, and daytime dysfunction. The ESS total score was used to assess daytime sleepiness.

Results
The global PSQI score was higher for African American women (8.8 ± 3.3, mean ± SD), indicating poorer sleep quality than White women (7.1 ± 3.0, p=.006). African American women had higher sleep latency and shorter sleep duration compared to White women (p=.0179 and p&lt;.0001, respectively). Time in bed was not statistically different for African American women compared to White women (485.6 ± 143.7 and 530.8 ± 85 minutes/night, p=.08). No other components of the PSQI were significantly different between the two racial groups. African American women scored higher on the ESS than White women (8.9 ± 3.1, 6.6 ± 3.2, p=.0002) indicating greater daytime sleepiness.

Conclusion
These results suggest that African American women experience lower sleep quality and greater daytime sleepiness in early postpartum compared to White women.

Support
National Institute On Minority Health And Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number R21MD012740.
0403 Sleep Valuation: A Novel Construct and Questionnaire
Authors: Nielson S , Simmons Z , Kay D 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Sleep valuation, the relative worth of one’s own sleep, is an under-explored construct that could have implications on sleep health. This study sought to validate the Sleep Valuation Questionnaire (SVQ) and to explore demographic differences in sleep valuation.

Methods
Participants (N = 946) recruited through TurkPrime were stratified across age (18-99), race (50% White, 17% Black, and 8.33% for each American Indian, Asian, Pacific Islander, and other), Hispanic ethnicity (20%), gender (50/50 female/male), employment status (50% employed full time and 8.33% for each part time, homemaker, retired, student, temp worker. unemployed, and disabled), Participants completed a demographic survey, followed by the original 43 item SVQ completed twice. Iterated principal factoring with a Promax solution was used to identify the factor structure of the SVQ. Cronbach’s alpha and correlation analyses were also used to help identify items with poor reliability. Total sleep valuation, the sum of valid items on the SVQ, was used as the dependent variable in a multiple regression analysis. Age, gender, race, work status, socioeconomic status, educational level, marital status, and general health and mental health estimates served as independent variables.

Results
After removing items with weak factor loadings (&lt;0.6), poor reliability, and weak face validity, the number of items were reduced to 10, which loaded on to 2 factors: Sleep Desire and Sleep Need. Those who cohabitate had lower SVQ scores than married individuals (p=0.04), full-time workers had higher SVQ scores than non-full-time workers (p=0.001), higher age was associated with lower SVQ scores (p&lt;0.001), and higher general mental health was associated with lower SVQ scores (p&lt;0.001).

Conclusion
This is the first study to explore how demographic variables relate to sleep valuation. The SVQ may help identify factors that contribute to sleep valuation and sleep valuation relates to sleep behavior, sleep health, and sleep treatment utilization.

Support
None
0407 Sleep, Stress, Cardiovascular, and Psychological Health in College Students
Authors: Reynolds A M , Mullins K M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Epidemiological studies have long established that sleep factors, stress, and cardiovascular health are related. College students often struggle with the demands of college life, which leads to increased stress, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and poor sleep. The focus of the current study was to examine habitual sleep habits in college students, in association with psychological factors and physiological factors.

Methods
Participants included 51 undergraduate students (18 men, average age M=20.25 years, SD=1.78) who wore wrist actigraphs to measure their typical sleep habits. After one week, participants completed questionnaires about psychological symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, DASS-21) and subjective physiological symptoms (i.e., fatigue; Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale, MAF). Blood pressure and heart rate were measured using a wrist cuff.

Results
Overall total sleep time was 6.59 hours and sleep efficiency was 82.55%. Pearson correlational analyses revealed a negative moderate association between sleep efficiency and diastolic blood pressure (r(49) = -.318, p = .024). Global PSQI scores were moderately associated with stress (r(49) = .419, p = .002). MAF Global Fatigue Index scores revealed positive associations with depression (r(49) = .344, p =.014), anxiety (r(49) = .474, p&lt;.001), and stress (r(49) = .620 p&lt;.001). Heart rate was positively associated with depressive symptoms r(49) = .296, p= .035), stress symptoms r(49) = .447, p= .001), and fatigue r(49) = .456, p= .001).

Conclusion
As expected, college students’ sleep was short in duration and poor in efficiency. Sleep factors, cardiovascular factors, psychological factors, and stress were all related, demonstrating the importance of sleep on physiological and psychological health. More research should be conducted to further examine the relationships and directionality between sleep, psychological factors, and stress as there may be underlying mechanisms important for cardiovascular health.

Support
None.
0409 The Efficacy of Afternoon-Evening Sleep Following Night Shifts on Sleep and Alertness in Nurses with Rotating Shift Work Schedule: Real World Data
Authors: Kim J , Han S , Kim S , Duffy J 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of changing sleep timing to afternoon-evening following nightshifts in hospital nurses with three rapid rotating shift schedules.

Methods
Hospital nurses with three rotating shift schedules were enrolled for a 1-month pre-intervention and a 1-month intervention study. During the Intervention, sleep timing following nightshifts was directed to afternoon-evening sleep for 8h time-in-bed (TIB) after 1 PM, and ad-lib sleep schedule for other shifts. Baseline and follow-up evaluation included sleep schedule, sleep duration, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), insomnia severity index (ISI) for each shift, Beck depression inventory (BDI), and Beck anxiety inventory (BAI). Sleep was assessed by sleep diary and actigraphy. Alertness during the night shift was evaluated using the Karolinska sleepiness scale (KSS) in the beginning and at the end of the shift by texts sent to their cell phones. The participants were asked to give feedback and a willingness to continue this intervention.

Results
A total of 26 subjects (30.7±8.5years, 25 female) finished the study among 29 nurses who participated in the study. The shift work was 6.5±8.0years. The mean morningness-eveningness scale was 42.1±8.0(31-62). TIB following nightshifts were 379.9±91.2 and 478.4±48.7 min for preintervention and intervention, respectively (p=0.001). Total sleep time (TST) was 328.0±91.0 vs. 361.0±70.4min, respectively following nightshifts (p=0.187, Cohen’s drm = 0.467). BDI, BAI, ESS, and ISI were significantly improved after the intervention. 60.7% and 49% of the participants reported improved alertness, and work efficiency during the nightshift. 17.9% and 42.9% of the participants reported increased sleep duration, and improved sleep quality after nightshift, respectively. Only eight participants were willing to continue the afternoon-evening sleep schedule following night shifts. KSS was not different between pre-intervention and intervention.

Conclusion
The afternoon-evening sleep schedule modestly increased total sleep time following nightshift. The overall mood, sleepiness and insomnia scale improved after the intervention although the alertness assessed by KSS failed to show the difference. The individual difference should be considered for applying afternoon-evening sleep for rapid rotating shift schedules.

Support
2018 Research award grants from the Korean sleep research society and NRF-2019R1A2C1090643 funded by the Korean national research foundation
0418 Effect of Acute Administration of DORA-12 on Sleep Impairment in the Aged PS19 Mouse Model of Tauopathy
Authors: Kam K , Vetter M , Berryman N , Varga A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Aged PS19 mice (MAPT P301S), a mouse model of tauopathy and neurodegeneration, display reduced NREM and REM sleep starting around 8-9 months before death around 12 months. Here, we tested the acute effect of a dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA-12) on sleep in 11 mice (5 male, 6 female) at 10.3±1.8 months.

Methods
Two consecutive 24-hour recordings (12/12hr L:D cycle) were scored semi-automatically for non-REM sleep, REM sleep, and wake in mice implanted with EEG/EMG. Mice were treated with either vehicle (day 1) or 100mg/kg of DORA-12 (day 2) by oral gavage at both ZT0 and ZT9.

Results
After the first dose at ZT0, both latency to the first NREM sleep episode (paired t-test p=0.002) and to the first REM sleep episode (paired t-test p=0.005) was significantly shorter with DORA-12 (NREM: 20.8±17.8 min.; REM: 23.5±21.2 min.) compared to vehicle (NREM: 49.2±22.3 min.; REM: 127.0±93.3 min.). There was no difference in NREM or REM sleep latency observed after the second dose at ZT9. DORA-12 treatment increased NREM duration across the 24hr period (DORA-12: 664±52 min.; Veh: 601±54 min., paired t-test p=0.007) and also after the 2nd dose (DORA-12: 311±65 min.; Veh: 263±84 min., paired t-test p=0.009). DORA-12 treatment also increased REM duration across 24hrs (DORA-12: 61±30 min.; Veh: 48±29 min., paired t-test p=0.014) but not after the 2nd dose alone (DORA-12: 22±14 min.; Veh: 20±15 min., paired t-test p=0.388). Notably in both vehicle and DORA-12 conditions, we observed apparent dream enactment behavior including mastication, paw grasp, and fore limb extension during REM in 3 of 11 PS19 mice (all male), not typically observed in younger PS19 or age-matched non-transgenic mice, suggestive of a possible REM behavior disorder (RBD) phenotype. Wake-like behaviors occurred during theta-dominant EEG but with an EMG amplitude &gt;4SD the preceding NREM sleep baseline for at least &gt; 1sec.

Conclusion
In aged PS19 mice, DORA-12 was found to decrease the latency to NREM and REM after the first dose while also increasing NREM and REM duration across the entire 24hr recording period. We also capture a heretofore undescribed RBD-like phenotype in aged PS19 tauopathy mice.

Support
Merck MISP
0429 Chronic Sleep Disturbance Causes Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’S Disease-Like Neuropathology
Authors: Le W 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Sleep disturbance is among the most common clinical problem and possesses a significant concern for the geriatric population. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated that disturbed sleep may not only affect neuropsychological functions, but also contribute to the cognitive impairment and, therefore, significantly increase dementia risk.

Methods
In the present study, we examined the potential impacts of chronic sleep deprivation (SD) on learning-memory and AD-related pathologies in AβPPswe/PS1ΔE9 transgenic (TG) mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates.

Results
Our results indicated that mice (both TG and WT) exposed to 2-month SD showed an altered amyloid-βprotein precursor processing, elevated level of phosphorylated tau protein, and impaired cognitive performance as compared to non-sleep deprivation (NSD) controls. Moreover, the SD-treated TG mice exhibited more amyloid-β1-42 production and developed more senile plaques in the cortex and hippocampus than NSD-treated TG mice. In addition, SD caused a striking neuronal mitochondrial damage, caspase cascade activation, and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus of both TG and WT mice. More importantly, all these behavioral, neuropathological, and biochemical changes induced by chronic SD were long lasting and were irreversible during a 3-month normal housing condition.

Conclusion
Collectively, these results indicate that chronic SD impairs learning and memory, exacerbates AD pathologies, and aggravates the mitochondria-mediated neuronal apoptosis in a long-lasting manner.

Support
Our findings provide important experimental evidence to prove that chronic sleep disturbance is a risk factor for AD.