bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional impacts of electricity system transition in Central Europe until 2035
Authors: Sasse Jan-Philipp , Trutnevyte Evelina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAchieving current electricity sector targets in Central Europe (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Poland and Switzerland) will redistribute regional benefits and burdens at sub-national level. Limiting emerging regional inequalities would foster the implementation success. We model one hundred scenarios of electricity generation, storage and transmission for 2035 in these countries for 650 regions and quantify associated regional impacts on system costs, employment, greenhouse gas and particulate matter emissions, and land use. We highlight tradeoffs among the scenarios that minimize system costs, maximize regional equality, and maximize renewable electricity generation. Here, we show that these three aims have vastly different implementation pathways as well as associated regional impacts and cannot be optimized simultaneously. Minimizing system costs leads to spatially-concentrated impacts. Maximizing regional equality of system costs has higher, but more evenly distributed impacts. Maximizing renewable electricity generation contributes to minimizing regional inequalities, although comes at higher costs and land use impacts.
Identification of the phytobioactive Polygonum cuspidatum as an antiviral source for restricting dengue virus entry
Authors: Kuo Yu-Ting , Liu Ching-Hsuan , Li Jin-Wei , Lin Chien-Ju , Jassey Alagie , Wu Huey-Nan , Perng Guey Chuen , Yen Ming-Hong , Lin Liang-Tzung 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that is becoming a serious global threat, owing to its rising incidence in inter-tropical regions that yield over 50 million annual infections. There are currently no approved antiviral agents for the management of dengue, and recent shortcomings in its immunization called for immediate action to develop effective drugs with prophylactic ability to better manage its infection. In an attempt to discover novel antiviral sources, we identified the medicinal herb Polygonum cuspidatum (PC) as a bioactive botanical material against DENV infectivity. Specifically, the methanolic extract from PC rhizomes (PCME) potently inhibited DENV infection without causing significant cytotoxicity. Further examination on the viral life cycle demonstrated that PCME particularly targeted the initial stages of DENV infection, while pre- and post-infection treatments had no effect. More importantly, the PCME could efficiently inactivate DENV free virus particles and block the viral attachment and entry/fusion events without apparently influencing viral replication, egress, and cell-to-cell spread. The antiviral effect of PCME was also recapitulated in infection analysis using DENV pseudoparticles displaying viral structural proteins that mediate DENV particle entry. Besides, PCME treatment also inhibited direct DENV entry into several cell types relevant to its infection and reduced viral infectivity of other members of the Flaviviridae family, including the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). Due to its potency against DENV entry, we suggest that the phytobioactive extract from PC is an excellent starting point as an antiviral source material for further development of therapeutic strategies in the prophylactic management of DENV infection.
Imitation in Angelman syndrome: the role of social engagement
Authors: Micheletti Serena , Vivanti Giacomo , Renzetti Stefano , Martelli Paola , Calza Stefano ,   “Imitation in Angelman” Study Group, Accorsi Patrizia , Alessandrini Anna , D’Adda Nicole , De Simone Micaela , Ferrari Laura , Foresti Valentina , Galli Jessica , Giordano Lucio , Scarano Elisa , Strobio Caterina , Fazzi Elisa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIndividuals with Angelman syndrome (AS) are characterized by severe cognitive impairments alongside an enhanced drive for social engagement. As knowledge on imitation skills in this population is limited, we conducted the first controlled study of imitation in AS. We examined how 23 individuals with AS and 21 typically developing young children with similar mental age imitated novel actions in response to socially or non-socially engaging models, and in response to video-recorded versus live demonstrations of novel actions. Individuals with AS imitated as frequently and as accurately as typical young children in response to live demonstrations; but they imitated less frequently and less accurately in response to video-recorded demonstrations. Further, imitation was modulated by whether the demonstrator was socially engaging or emotionally neutral in the AS group, while this modulation was not present in the comparison group. Individuals with higher mental age imitated more frequently and more accurately across groups. Imitation performance in AS appears to be more modulated by the social context compared to typical infants and young children with similar mental age, possibly reflecting an enhanced drive for social engagement. A socially engaging instructional style might facilitate imitative learning in this population.
Rethinking swimming performance tests for bottom-dwelling fish: the case of European glass eel (Anguilla anguilla)
Authors: Vezza P. , Libardoni F. , Manes C. , Tsuzaki T. , Bertoldi W. , Kemp P. S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSystematic experiments on European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in their juvenile, early life stage (glass eel), were conducted to provide new insights on the fish swimming performance and propose a framework of analysis to design swimming-performance experiments for bottom-dwelling fish. In particular, we coupled experimental and computational fluid dynamics techniques to: (i) accommodate glass eel burst-and-coast swimming mode and estimate the active swimming time (tac), not considering coast and drift periods, (ii) estimate near-bottom velocities (Ub) experienced by the fish, rather than using bulk averages (U), (iii) investigate water temperature (T) influence on swimming ability, and (iv) identify a functional relation between Ub, tac and T. Results showed that burst-and-coast swimming mode was increasingly adopted by glass eel, especially when U was higher than 0.3 ms-1. Using U rather than Ub led to an overestimation of the fish swimming performance from 18 to 32%, on average. Under the range of temperatures analyzed (from 8 to 18 °C), tac was strongly influenced and positively related to T. As a final result, we propose a general formula to link near-bottom velocity, water temperature and active swimming time which can be useful in ecological engineering applications and reads as $${\rm{U}}_{\rm{b}}=0.174\cdot \left({{\rm{t}}_{\rm{ac}}}^{-0.36}\cdot {\rm{T}}^{0.77}\right)$$

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Interaction of protocadherin-15 with the scaffold protein whirlin supports its anchoring of hair-bundle lateral links in cochlear hair cells
Authors: Michel Vincent , Pepermans Elise , Boutet de Monvel Jacques , England Patrick , Nouaille Sylvie , Aghaie Alain , Delhommel Florent , Wolff Nicolas , Perfettini Isabelle , Hardelin Jean-Pierre , Petit Christine , Bahloul Amel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe hair bundle of cochlear hair cells is the site of auditory mechanoelectrical transduction. It is formed by three rows of stiff microvilli-like protrusions of graduated heights, the short, middle-sized, and tall stereocilia. In developing and mature sensory hair cells, stereocilia are connected to each other by various types of fibrous links. Two unconventional cadherins, protocadherin-15 (PCDH15) and cadherin-23 (CDH23), form the tip-links, whose tension gates the hair cell mechanoelectrical transduction channels. These proteins also form transient lateral links connecting neighboring stereocilia during hair bundle morphogenesis. The proteins involved in anchoring these diverse links to the stereocilia dense actin cytoskeleton remain largely unknown. We show that the long isoform of whirlin (L-whirlin), a PDZ domain-containing submembrane scaffold protein, is present at the tips of the tall stereocilia in mature hair cells, together with PCDH15 isoforms CD1 and CD2; L-whirlin localization to the ankle-link region in developing hair bundles moreover depends on the presence of PCDH15-CD1 also localizing there. We further demonstrate that L-whirlin binds to PCDH15 and CDH23 with moderate-to-high affinities in vitro. From these results, we suggest that L-whirlin is part of the molecular complexes bridging PCDH15-, and possibly CDH23-containing lateral links to the cytoskeleton in immature and mature stereocilia.
Functional parcellation of the hippocampus by semi-supervised clustering of resting state fMRI data
Authors: Cheng Hewei , Zhu Hancan , Zheng Qiang , Liu Jie , He Guanghua 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMany unsupervised methods are widely used for parcellating the brain. However, unsupervised methods aren’t able to integrate prior information, obtained from such as exiting functional neuroanatomy studies, to parcellate the brain, whereas the prior information guided semi-supervised method can generate more reliable brain parcellation. In this study, we propose a novel semi-supervised clustering method for parcellating the brain into spatially and functionally consistent parcels based on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. Particularly, the prior supervised and spatial information is integrated into spectral clustering to achieve reliable brain parcellation. The proposed method has been validated in the hippocampus parcellation based on resting state fMRI data of 20 healthy adult subjects. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed method could successfully parcellate the hippocampus into head, body and tail parcels. The distinctive functional connectivity patterns of these parcels have further demonstrated the validity of the parcellation results. The effects of aging on the three hippocampus parcels’ functional connectivity were also explored across the healthy adult subjects. Compared with state-of-the-art methods, the proposed method had better performance on functional homogeneity. Furthermore, the proposed method had good test–retest reproducibility validated by parcellating the hippocampus based on three repeated resting state fMRI scans from 24 healthy adult subjects.
Early neurotransmission impairment in non-invasive Alzheimer Disease detection
Authors: Peña-Bautista Carmen , Torres-Cuevas Isabel , Baquero Miguel , Ferrer Inés , García Lorena , Vento Máximo , Cháfer-Pericás Consuelo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlzheimer Disease (AD) is a pathology suffered by millions of people worldwide and it has a great social and economic impact. Previous studies reported a relationship between alterations in different amino acids and derivatives involved in neurotransmission systems and cognitive impairment. Therefore, in this study the neurotransmission impairment associated to early AD has been evaluated. For this purpose, different amino acids and derivatives were determined in saliva samples from AD patients and healthy subjects, by means of an analytical method based on chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Results showed statistically significant differences in salivary levels for the compounds myo-inositol, creatine and acetylcholine; and other compounds (myo-inositol, glutamine, creatine, acetylcholine) showed significant correlations with some cognitive tests scores. Therefore, these compounds were included in a multivariate analysis and the corresponding diagnosis model showed promising indices (AUC 0.806, sensitivity 61%, specificity 92%). In conclusion, some amino acids and derivatives involved in neurotransmission impairment could be potential biomarkers in early and non-invasive AD detection.
Glycosylation of Trypanosoma cruzi TcI antigen reveals recognition by chagasic sera
Authors: Murphy Niamh , Rooney Barrie , Bhattacharyya Tapan , Triana-Chavez Omar , Krueger Anja , Haslam Stuart M. , O’Rourke Victoria , Pańczuk Magdalena , Tsang Jemima , Bickford-Smith Jack , Gilman Robert H. , Tetteh Kevin , Drakeley Chris , Smales C. Mark , Miles Michael A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractChagas disease is considered the most important parasitic disease in Latin America. The protozoan agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, comprises six genetic lineages, TcI-TcVI. Genotyping to link lineage(s) to severity of cardiomyopathy and gastrointestinal pathology is impeded by the sequestration and replication of T. cruzi in host tissues. We describe serology specific for TcI, the predominant lineage north of the Amazon, based on expression of recombinant trypomastigote small surface antigen (gTSSA-I) in the eukaryote Leishmania tarentolae, to allow realistic glycosylation and structure of the antigen. Sera from TcI-endemic regions recognised gTSSA-I (74/146; 50.7%), with no cross reaction with common components of gTSSA-II/V/VI recombinant antigen. Antigenicity was abolished by chemical (periodate) oxidation of gTSSA-I glycosylation but retained after heat-denaturation of conformation. Conversely, non-specific recognition of gTSSA-I by non-endemic malaria sera was abolished by heat-denaturation. TcI-specific serology facilitates investigation between lineage and diverse clinical presentations. Glycosylation cannot be ignored in the search for immunogenic antigens.
Lobar microbleeds are associated with cognitive impairment in patients with lacunar infarction
Authors: Nakamori Masahiro , Hosomi Naohisa , Tachiyama Keisuke , Kamimura Teppei , Matsushima Hayato , Hayashi Yuki , Imamura Eiji , Wakabayashi Shinichi , Maruyama Hirofumi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAssociations between cognitive decline and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) have received increasing attention. An association between CMB distribution (deep or lobar) and cognitive decline has been reported, but these findings are controversial. We investigated the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, including CMBs, and cognitive function in patients with first-ever lacunar infarction. We retrospectively included consecutive patients admitted with first-ever lacunar infarction identified by MRI from July 1, 2011, to December 31, 2018. We excluded patients diagnosed with dementia, including strategic single-infarct dementia, before or after the onset of stroke. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was performed within 3 days of admission. We searched the records of 273 patients (age 72.0 ± 11.2 years, 95 females). The median MMSE score was 27 (interquartile range 25.5–29). In a univariate analysis, the MMSE score was associated with age, body mass index (BMI), education, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease (CKD), periventricular hyperintensity, medial temporal atrophy, lobar CMBs, and mixed CMBs (p < 0.20). The lacunar infarction location was not associated with the MMSE score. In a multivariate analysis of these factors, lobar CMBs (p < 0.001) and mixed CMBs (p = 0.008) were independently associated with the MMSE score. Lobar CMBs were associated with cognitive impairment.
Vertically aligned nanostructured gold microtube assisted by polymer template with combination of wet phase inversion and Cu grid mask
Authors: Kim Soohyun , Jang Keon-Soo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTubular architecture has been extensively exploited in diverse applications such as solar cells and sensors. However, the synthesis of microtubes with high aspect ratio using polymer templates has been rarely reported. In this study, we designed a facile avenue for the synthesis of well-aligned Au nanoparticle-agglomerate microtubes with an aspect ratio of ~ 30 using a hollow polyetherimide (PEI) template. The combination of wet phase inversion and use of a Cu grid mask enabled straightforward production of a hollow PEI template with vertically aligned tubular architecture. During wet-phase inversion, exchange between a solvent (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) and a non-solvent (water) occurred at the corners of the square mask cells rather than along their side, thereby producing pores at the corners due to geometrical and entropic factors. The hollow microtubes were comprised of agglomerated Au nanoparticles that coated the inner surfaces of the pores during an electroless plating process performed after wet-phase inversion. This finding is applicable to diverse applications such as sensors and catalysis.
The actual 5-year survivors of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on real-world data
Authors: Bengtsson Axel , Andersson Roland , Ansari Daniel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSurvival data for pancreatic cancer are usually based on actuarial calculations and actual long-term survival rates are rarely reported. Here we use population-level data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program for patients with microscopically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma diagnosed from 1975 to 2011. A total of 84,275 patients with at least 5 years of follow-up were evaluated (follow-up cutoff date: December 31, 2016). Actual 5-year survival for pancreatic cancer increased from 0.9% in 1975 to 4.2% in 2011 in patients of all stages (p < 0.001), while in surgically resected patients, it rose from 1.5% to 17.4% (p < 0.001). In non-resected patients, the actual 5-year survival remained unchanged over the same time period (0.8% vs 0.9%; p = 0.121). Multivariable analysis of surgically resected patients diagnosed in the recent time era (2004–2011) showed that age, gender, grade, tumour size, TNM-stage and chemotherapy were significant independent predictors of actual 5-year survival, while age, grade and TNM-stage were significant independent predictors in non-resected patients. However, unfavourable clinicopathological factors did not preclude long-term survival. Collectively, our findings indicate that actual 5-year survival for pancreatic cancer is still below 5% despite improvement of survival for the subset of patients undergoing surgical resection.
Differential reperfusion patterns in retinal vascular plexuses following increase in intraocular pressure an OCT angiography study
Authors: Cheung Chui Ming Gemmy , Teo Kelvin Yi Chong , Tun Sai Bo Bo , Busoy Joanna Marie , Veluchamy Amutha Barathi , Spaide Richard F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo describe patterns of reperfusion in the superficial vascular plexus (SVP), deep capillary plexus (DCP) and choriocapillaris (CC) as detected on optical coherence tomography (OCTA) in cynomogulus macaque monkey model following increase in intraocular pressure by an intravitreal injection. Animal imaging study. Two cynomogulus macaque monkeys. A 100 µL intravitreal injection (IVI) of saline was given in one eye of each monkey. Serial OCTA using a Zeiss Plex Elite 9000 was used to evaluate reperfusion patterns within the SCP, DCP, and CC. OCTA evidence of perfusion. Pulsation of the central retinal artery was detected after the intraocular pressure was elevated to 98 and ≥ 99 mmHg from IVI. Episodic flow within the SVP arterioles and venules and poor visualization of flow in capillaries was noted during the initial phase of elevated pressure. As the pressure declined, the flow signal within the DCP appeared initially as dots, which progressed laterally to loops which form capillary vortex configuration. Recovery of flow within the SVP and CC appeared sooner than in the DCP. At 40 min after the injection, well after the intraocular pressure normalized, the retinal and choriocapillaris vascular perfusion showed focal defects in every layer. Compared with pre-injection images, vessel density in the DCP was 68.8% and 78.6% of baseline in monkey 1 and monkey 2, respectively. In contrast vessel density in the SVP recovered to 84.2% and 88.9% of baseline. Increases in intraocular pressure from IVI have the potential to affect every layer of blood flow in the fundus. After nominal return of intraocular pressure, focal defects in flow persisted, which may result in longer term damage to the retina.
Subspecies-specific sequence detection for differentiation of Mycobacterium abscessus complex
Authors: Minias Alina , Żukowska Lidia , Lach Jakub , Jagielski Tomasz , Strapagiel Dominik , Kim Su-Young , Koh Won-Jung , Adam Heather , Bittner Ruth , Truden Sara , Žolnir-Dovč Manca , Dziadek Jarosław 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) is a taxonomic group of rapidly growing, nontuberculous mycobacteria that are found as etiologic agents of various types of infections. They are considered as emerging human pathogens. MABC consists of 3 subspecies—M. abscessus subsp. bolletti, M. abscessus subsp. massiliense and M. abscessus subsp. abscessus. Here we present a novel method for subspecies differentiation of M. abscessus named Subspecies-Specific Sequence Detection (SSSD). This method is based on the presence of signature sequences present within the genomes of each subspecies of MABC. We tested this method against a virtual database of 1505 genome sequences of MABC. Further, we detected signature sequences of MABC in 45 microbiological samples through DNA hybridization. SSSD showed high levels of sensitivity and specificity for differentiation of subspecies of MABC, comparable to those obtained by rpoB sequence typing.
Screening of key genes related to the prognosis of mouse sepsis
Authors: Chen Muhu , Chen Xue , Hu Yingchun , Cai Xianfu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sepsis is a common clinical disease with high mortality, and patients with sepsis have varied prognoses. Researchers need to explore the underlying mechanisms that determine the prognosis of sepsis. Hence, a mouse model was used to evaluate new potential prognostic markers of sepsis. Mice were randomly divided into low-dose group (n=3, lipopolysaccharides [LPS], 20 mg/kg) and high-dose group (n=3; LPS, 40 mg/kg). Total RNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of mice, and samples were then subjected to RNA sequencing. When complete data were normalized, the high-dose group and low-dose group were screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs, log2FC ≥ 1 and q value ≤ 0.05). DEGs were analyzed by gene ontology enrichment, and potential core genes were screened using protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Moreover, the survival data in GSE65682 were used to observe the correlation between core genes and prognosis. A total of 967 DEGs were identified in the low-dose group, of which 390 were up-regulated and 577 were down-regulated. These genes were mainly enriched in white blood cell activation, lymphocyte activation, immune system response etc. LCK, ZAP70, ITK, CD247, and DOCK2 were found at the core of PPI network, while WGCNA found that interferon-inducible protein 35 (IFI35), ITGB3, and mediator complex subunit 25 (MED25) may be potential core genes. It was demonstrated that CD247, DOCK2, IFI35, ITK, and LCK core genes were positively correlated with prognosis based on GSE65682. CD247, DOCK2, IFI35, ITK, LCK, and MED25 might be important targets affecting the prognosis of sepsis.