bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The appropriate cutoff gastric pH value for Helicobacter pylori eradication with bismuth‐based quadruple therapy
Authors: Ke Haoran , Li Jing , Lu Bingyun , Yang Chenghai , Wang Jiamin , Wang Zhiqing , Liu Le , Chen Ye 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate whether an increased proton pump inhibitor (PPI) dose enhanced the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication and determine the appropriate cutoff intragastric pH value that could predict H. pylori eradication with bismuth‐based quadruple therapy.Materials and MethodsA total of 207 H. pylori infected, treatment naive patients were enrolled in this prospective, open‐label, randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomly allocated into Eso40‐group (esomeprazole 40 mg bid) and Eso20‐group (esomeprazole 20 mg bid), and their CYP2C19 genotyping status was assessed. The 24‐h intragastric pH monitoring on day 7 was performed, and percentage of time gastric pH ≥ 3, ≥4, ≥5, and ≥6 (pH holding time ratios; HTRs) were measured. H. pylori eradication was evaluated using 13C‐urea breath test.ResultsNo significant difference in the eradication rates was observed between two groups. The median 24‐h intragastric pH value was not significant different between two groups but the Eso40 Group had a significant higher pH4 HTRs (91.11% [95%CI: 87.50%–95.83%] vs. 95.83% [95.83%–100%]; p = .002). Additionally, the median 24‐h intragastric pH value showed significantly difference between two groups in EM genotype (Eso20 Group 6.00 [95%CI; 5.75–6.15] vs. Eso40 Group 6.30 [6.05–6.30]; p = .019). Similar results were observed in pH4 HTRs. There were significant differences in intragastric pH value (6.10 [95%CI: 4.40–7.00] vs. 5.65 [4.85–5.95], p = .038) and in pH4 HTRs (96% [95%CI: 92.00%–96.00%] vs. 87.5% [67.00%–100.0%], p = .019) between eradication‐successful and eradication‐failed patients. Statistical analysis suggested that the median intragastric pH = 5.7 could identify the success of H. pylori eradication.ConclusionsBismuth‐based quadruple therapy resulted in high H. pylori eradication rates either in PPI standard or double doses. Double dose of esomeprazole is associated with better intragastric acid suppression. A median 24‐h intragastric pH of 5.7 could be appropriate cutoff value for predicting the successful H. pylori eradication.
Ten‐year trends in cardiac implantable electronic devices in New Zealand: a national data linkage study (ANZACS‐QI 51)
Authors: Foo Fang Shawn , Stiles Martin K. , Lee Mildred , Looi Khang‐Li , Clare Geoffrey C. , Webber Matthew , Boddington Dean , Jackson Rod , Poppe Katrina K. , Kerr Andrew J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundImplant rates for cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED), including permanent pacemakers (PPM) and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), have increased globally in recent decades.AimsThis is the first national study providing a contemporary analysis of national CIED implant trends by sex‐specific age groups over an extended period.MethodsPatient characteristics and device type were identified for 10 years (2009–2018) using procedure coding in the National Minimum Datasets, which collects all New Zealand (NZ) public hospital admissions. CIED implant rates represent implants/million population.ResultsNew PPM implant rates increased by 4.6%/year (P < 0.001), increasing in all age groups except patients <40 years. Males received 60.1% of new PPM implants, with higher implant rates across all age groups compared with females. The annual increase in age‐standardised implant rates was similar for males and females (3.4% vs 3.0%; P = 0.4). By 2018 the overall PPM implant rate was 538/million. New ICD implant rates increased by 4.2%/year (P < 0.001), increasing in all age groups except patients <40 and ≥ 80 years. Males received 78.1% of new ICD implants, with higher implant rates across all age groups compared to females. The annual increase in age‐standardised implant rates was higher in males compared with females (3.5% vs 0.7%; P < 0.001). By 2018 the overall ICD implant rate was 144/million.ConclusionCIED implant rates have increased steadily in NZ over the past decade but remain low compared with international benchmarks. Males had substantially higher CIED implant rates compared with females, with a growing gender disparity in ICD implant rates.
Fabrication and characterization of tetragonal yttria‐stabilized zirconia single‐crystalline thin film
Authors: Nakade Hiroaki , Tochigi Eita , Feng Bin , Nezu Yukio , Ohta Hiromichi , Shibata Naoya , Ikuhara Yuichi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTetragonal yttria‐stabilized zirconia thin film was successfully fabricated by a pulsed laser deposition method. The thin film grew heteroepitaxially with the orientation relationship of ZrO2‖Al2O3. Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy mapping revealed that Y3+ ions were distributed homogeneously without local segregations. X‐ray and electron‐diffraction analysis confirmed a single crystalline structural feature of the film. On the other hand, high‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy observations show that this film contains small‐angle tilt grain boundaries, which is composed of the periodic array of dislocations with the Burgers vector .
Venous leg ulcer recurrences – The relationship to self‐efficacy, social support and quality of life – A mixed method study
Authors: Probst Sebastian , Bobbink Paul , Séchaud Laurence , Buehrer Skinner Monika 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore the occurrence of venous leg ulcer recurrence and the relationship with self‐efficacy, social support and quality of life. Furthermore, we investigated the lived experiences of those patients and their understanding of why they developed a recurrence.DesignWe used a convergent parallel mixed method design consisting of a cohort and an interpretative phenomenological study arm.MethodsConsecutive patients (N = 145) were recruited into the study. Between 2014 and 2018, three primary care centres took part in the study. Data collection methods included chart review, administered questionnaires and semi‐structured interviews.ResultsThe incidence of the venous leg ulcer recurrence was 33.1% within the study period. The scores for self‐efficacy, social support and venous leg ulcer health‐related quality of life show little variation between all measurement points and within subgroups. The qualitative findings identified two main themes: accidentally damaging the skin and avoiding venous leg ulcer recurrences. Venous leg ulcer recurrences frequently arose from accidents. Therefore, participants developed strategies to avoid additional ulcers.ConclusionTo optimize recurrence prevention, improvements in knowledge of people with VLUs should be considered.Impact

A mixed method, convergent, parallel design was used to explore the occurrence of venous leg ulcer recurrence and the relation of a venous leg ulcer recurrence with self‐efficacy, social support and health‐related quality of life. As well as the lived experiences of venous leg ulcer patients and why they developed a recurrence.

The incidence of venous leg ulcer recurrences within the study period was 33.1%.

Damaging the skin and avoiding a recurrence were the main identified themes.
Exploring how support workers understand their role in supporting adults with intellectual disabilities to access the Internet for intimate relationships
Authors: Lines Jason , Combes Helen , Richards Ruth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundSome adults with intellectual disabilities need support to access the Internet. This study explores how support workers understand their role in facilitating Internet access for intimate relationships.MethodEight support workers in the West Midlands of the UK were interviewed face‐to‐face, using semi‐structured interviews and a thematic analysis was used to interpret the data.ResultsThree main themes emerged; social and organizational dilemmas (including sub‐themes of; role and moral positioning, expectations of support, and protected and reflective space), power and position and policy dilemmas.ConclusionSupport workers said that adults with intellectual disabilities should have access to the Internet for intimate relationships. There was a range of views on whether it was their job to support this. A lack of training in Internet use was highlighted.
Brugada syndrome and syncope: A systematic review
Authors: Mascia Giuseppe , Della Bona Roberta , Ameri Pietro , Canepa Marco , Porto Italo , Brignole Michele 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionDistinguishing syncope due to malignant arrhythmias from an incidental benign form in Brugada syndrome (BrS) is often difficult. Through systematic literature review, we evaluated the role of syncope in predicting subsequent malignant arrhythmias in BrS.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed (MeSH search terms “Brugada syndrome” and “syncope”). Overall, 9 studies for a total of 1347 patients were included. Patients were stratified as affected by suspected arrhythmic syncope (SAS), undefined syncope (US) or neurally‐mediated syncope (NMS).ResultsOverall, 15.7% of the 279 patients with SAS had malignant arrhythmic events during a mean follow‐up of 67 months, corresponding to 2.8 events per 100/person year. At the same time, 7% of the 527 patients affected by US had malignant arrhythmias during a mean follow‐up of 39 months, corresponding 2.2 events per 100/person year. Conversely, 0.7% of 541 patients with NMS had malignant arrhythmic events at follow‐up, corresponding to 0.13 events per 100/person year (p = .0001 NMS versus SAS and US pooled).ConclusionIn BrS population, the risk of arrhythmic events in the follow‐up may be stratified according to the clinical evaluation. The “relatively” low predictive value of the clinical diagnosis of SAS warrants for a more accurate multi‐parametric assessment, to restrict the number of candidates for implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator therapy.
Periosteum progenitors could stimulate bone regeneration in aged murine bone defect model
Authors: Xiao Han , Wang Linfeng , Zhang Tao , Chen Can , Chen Huabin , Li Shengcan , Hu Jianzhong , Lu Hongbin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPeriosteal stem cells are critical for bone regeneration, while the numbers will decrease with age. This study focused on whether Prx1+ cell, a kind of periosteal stem cell, could stimulate bone regeneration in aged mice. Four weeks and 12 months old Prx1CreER‐GFP; Rosa26tdTomato mice were used to reveal the degree of Prx1+ cells participating in the femoral fracture healing procedure. One week, 8 weeks, 12 and 24 months old Prx1CreER‐GFP mice were used to analyse the real‐time distribution of Prx1+ cells. Twelve months old C57BL/6 male mice (n = 96) were used to create the bone defect model and, respectively, received hydrogel, hydrogel with Prx1− mesenchymal stem cells and hydrogel with Prx1+ cells. H&E staining, Synchrotron radiation‐microcomputed tomography and mechanical test were used to analyse the healing results. The results showed that tdTomato+ cells were involved in bone regeneration, especially in young mice. At the same time, GFP+ cells decreased significantly with age. The Prx1+ cells group could significantly improve bone regeneration in the murine bone defect model via directly differentiating into osteoblasts and had better osteogenic differentiation ability than Prx1− mesenchymal stem cells. Our finding revealed that the quantity of Prx1+ cells might account for decreased bone regeneration ability in aged mice, and transplantation of Prx1+ cells could improve bone regeneration at the bone defect site.
Phosphorylated STAT3 suppresses microRNA‐19b/1281 to aggravate lung injury in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus‐associated pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Wang Xianhua , Lin Yuefu , Liang Ying , Ye Yang , Wang Dong , Tai Aer , Wu Shuimiao , Pan Jian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and increased mortality. This work focused on the functions of phosphorylated STAT3 in lung injury in mouse with T2DM‐associated PTB and the molecules involved. A mouse model with T2DM‐PTB was induced by administrations of streptozotocin, nicotinamide and mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). A pSTAT3‐specific inhibitor AG‐490 was given into mice and then the lung injury in mice was observed. The molecules involved in AG‐490‐mediated events were screened out. Altered expression of miR‐19b, miR‐1281 and NFAT5 was introduced to identify their involvements and roles in lung injury and PTB severity in the mouse model. Consequently, pSTAT3 expression in mice with T2DM‐associated PTB was increased. Down‐regulation of pSTAT3 by AG‐490 prolonged the lifetime of mice and improved the histopathologic conditions, and inhibited the fibrosis, inflammation, Mtb content and number of apoptotic epithelial cells in mouse lung tissues. pSTAT3 transcriptionally suppressed miR‐19b/1281 expression to up‐regulate NFAT5. Inhibition of miR‐19b/1281 or up‐regulation of NFAT5 blocked the protective roles of AG‐490 in mouse lung tissues. To conclude, this study evidenced that pSTAT3 promotes NFAT5 expression by suppressing miR‐19b/1281 transcription, leading to lung injury aggravation and severity in mice with T2DM‐associated PTB.
Demographic transformation of the physiotherapy profession in South Africa: A retrospective analysis of HPCSA registrations from 1938 to 2018
Authors: Louw Quinette Abigail , Berner Karina , Tiwari Ritika , Ernstzen Dawn , Bedada Diribsa Tsegaye , Coetzee Marisa , Chikte Usuf 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRationale, aim and objectiveThe physiotherapy profession did not escape the effects of racially based segregatory practises. While numerous strategies and initiatives have been employed to redress the inequities of the past, the extent of demographic transformation within the physiotherapy profession in South Africa remains uncertain. Transformation is defined in this article as an intentional change aimed at addressing inequalities and the ultimate goal is for population group and gender profiles of higher education graduates to be representative of the national epidemiological profile. This paper describes the demographic patterns of Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA) registered physiotherapists from 1938 to 2018.MethodA retrospective record review of the HPCSA database from 1938 until 2018 was performed. De‐identified data were extracted, coded and analyzed for descriptive purposes. Z‐tests were used for analysis of proportion differences, along with P‐values and 95% confidence intervals for interpretation.ResultsIn 2018, 7663 physiotherapists (6350 women and 1313 men) were registered with the HPCSA. Most registered physiotherapists (55.6%) were classified as white, followed by black (17.3%), coloured (10.3%) and Indian (9.8%). A progressive increase was found in the number of new registrations over time (1949‐2018) by black (0.00%‐24.38% of total new registrations), coloured (0.00%‐15.47%) and Indian individuals (0.00%‐10.03%), with a statistically significant increase in newly registered black therapists in the decade prior to 2018 (P = .005). Gender transformation appears to be occurring at a slower pace as the profession remains female‐dominated (82.9% of registered physiotherapists in 2018).ConclusionThere has been a steady transformation of the South African physiotherapy graduates composition regarding population categories and gender. However, it is clear that much more than selection criteria is needed to transform the profession in a way that is nationally representative, remain actively accountable for transformation and apt for local context.
Towards a new understanding of uncertainty in medical education
Authors: Lee Ciara , Hall Katherine , Anakin Megan , Pinnock Ralph 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesUncertainty is a complex and constant phenomenon in clinical practice. How medical students recognize and respond to uncertainty impacts on their well‐being, career choices, and attitudes towards patients. It has been suggested that curricula should do more to prepare medical students for an uncertain world. In order to teach medical students about uncertainty, we need to understand how uncertainty has been conceptualized in the literature to date. The aim of this article is to explore existing models of uncertainty and to develop a framework of clinical uncertainty to aid medical education.MethodA scoping literature review was performed to identify conceptual models of uncertainty in healthcare. Content and inductive analyses were performed to explore three dimensions of clinical uncertainty: sources of uncertainty, subjective influencers and responses to uncertainty.ResultsNine hundred one references were identified using our search strategy, of which, 24 met our inclusion criteria. It was possible to classify these conceptual models using one or more of three dimensions of uncertainty; sources, subjective influencers, and responses. Exploration and further classification of these dimensions led to the development of a framework of uncertainty for medical education.ConclusionThe developed framework of clinical uncertainty highlights sources, subjective influencers, responses to uncertainty, and the dynamic relationship among these elements. Our framework illustrates the different aspects of knowledge as a source of uncertainty and how to distinguish between those aspects. Our framework highlights the complexity of sources of uncertainty, especially when including uncertainty arising from relationships and systems. These sources can occur in combination. Our framework is also novel in how it describes the impact of influencers such as personal characteristics, experience, and affect on perceptions of and responses to uncertainty. This framework can be used by educators and curricula developers to help understand and teach about clinical uncertainty.
Examining the association between serum free fatty acids and blood levels of testosterone
Authors: Kao C.‐C. , Yang Z.‐Y. , Cheng Y.‐W. , Chen W.‐L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultiple studies have uncovered the effects that ingested fat has on human blood levels of testosterone. Yet, few reports have discussed the effect of circulating serum free fatty acids (FFAs). The present study aimed to explore the relationship between serum free fatty acids and blood levels of testosterone.MethodsIn total, 5719 adults were pooled from the database of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2012. Based on multivariable‐linear regression models, we employed a total of 30 FFAs to interpret the relationship of FFAs with blood levels of testosterone. Two models with covariate adjustments were designated for further evaluation and analysis.ResultsCapric acid [β = −0.014, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.023, −0.004, P = 0.005], myristic acid (β = −0.001, 95% CI = −0.001, 0.000, P ≤ 0.001), pentadecanoic acid (β = −0.013, 95% CI = −0.018, −0.008, P ≤ 0.001), margaric acid (β = −0.011, 95% CI = −0.017, −0.005, P ≤ 0.001) and alpha‐linolenic acid (β = −0.001, 95% CI = −0.002, 0.000, P = 0.004) in the fully adjusted model were significantly negatively correlated with the testosterone level inh obese men. In the fully adjusted model for the female analysis, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, myristoleic acid, oleic acid, nervonic acid and alpha‐linolenic acid were found significantly associated with the testosterone level.ConclusionsOur findings indicate a significant negative correlation between serum FFAs and blood levels of testosterone. Furthermore, we reveal the essentiality of serum FFAs and their potential effects on the reduction of testosterone levels.
Inhibitory effect of glutathione S‐transferase A3 in the progression of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Weiwei , Qiu Cheng , Wang Shujun , Wu Lijun , Zhao Tianlan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common cutaneous malignancy with an incidence rate increasing each year. Glutathione S‐transferase A3 (GSTA3), a member of the glutathione S‐transferase family, is considered an antioxidative protease, but its role in cSCC remains unclear.AimThe present study was designed to explore the effect of GSTA3 on cSCC.Patients/MethodsThrough previous systematic studies, we screened GSTA3 to be a key gene with lower expression in cSCC. In the present study, we selected cSCC tissues and para‐carcinoma tissue specimens from 20 patients in plastic surgery department. A431 cells were treated with GSTA3 transfection. The cell proliferation, apoptosis, colony formation, and cell migration as well as invasion were examined, respectively. And the expressions of GSTA3, TGF‐β/Smad, and HIF‐1α signalings were measured by Western blot and qRT‐PCR.ResultsGSTA3 was downregulated in both cSCC tissues and A431 cells. Additionally, overexpression of GSTA3 induced a phenotype with a lower degree of malignancy, while GSTA3 silencing induced more malignant phenotypes, including cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Moreover, we found that the TGF‐β/Smad2/3 and HIF‐1α signalings were activated in cSCC under hypoxic conditions.ConclusionGSTA3 could inhibit cSCC progression through suppression of the TGF‐β/Smad and HIF‐1α signalings. Therefore, GSTA3 may prove to be a prospective therapeutic target for cSCC.
Annual report of the Women's Health Care Committee, Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2020
Authors: Kato Kiyoko , Terauchi Masakazu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractOur committee was founded in 2010 with the goal of improving women's health. This academic year, we focused on five activities: cooperation between the departments of pediatric surgery and obstetrics and gynecology for the treatment of persistent cloaca and Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome in Japan; assessment of the educational training of women's health‐care advisers; increasing screening for breast and cervical cancer; conducting the Nationwide Survey of Prescribing Practices for the Treatment of Menopausal Symptoms; and preventing osteoporosis in survivors of gynecologic cancer. The activities of each subcommittee are detailed below. This report is based on the Japanese version of the annual report (Acta Obst Gynaec Jpn 2020;72(6):697–707).
Adolescent Psychological Well‐being, Radicalism, and Activism: The Mediating Role of Social Disconnectedness and the Illegitimacy of the Authorities
Authors: Costabile Angela , Musso Pasquale , Iannello Nicolò Maria , Servidio Rocco , Bartolo Maria Giuseppina , Palermiti Anna Lisa , Scardigno Rosa 
Published: October 2020

The identification of factors that counter youth’s radicalization while promoting democratic activism is a timely social issue. This paper examines the association of psychological well‐being (PWB) with violent radicalism and nonviolent activism, by focusing on the mediating role of both social disconnectedness (SD) and the perceived illegitimacy of the authorities (PIoA). Two mediation structural equation models (full vs. partial) were applied to data collected from 328 Italian adolescents (14–19 years). The results showed how SD and PIoA fully mediated the link of PWB with radicalism (negatively) and activism (positively). This model was further supported when compared with an alternative one proposing PWB as a mediator between SD and PIoA. The findings are discussed in light of the existing literature and provide potential implications for practice.