bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orwell’s <em>1984</em> in Pekić’s <em>1999</em>: Intertextual Relations
Authors: Sekulović Maja 
Published: November 2019

This paper examines intertextual relations between two dystopian novels – Borislav Pekić’s anthropological account entitled 1999 and George Orwell’s 1984. In postmodernism, the literary movement which Pekić’s oeuvre belongs to in terms of poetic principles, intertextual dialogue is very active and dominant. I argue that Orwell’s novel serves as a proto-text or an inspiration for Pekić in constructing his own narrative. This is particularly reflected in the conceptual organization of key elements of the narrative structure such as chronotope and characters. The dominant spatial structure taken over from Orwell is the Golden Country, a pasture where all important events in the novel take place. Similarly, the prominent temporal determinant, i.e. the year 1999, becomes a symbol just as it is the case with 1984. As regards the constructs of the plot, i.e. the characters, it is proposed that Pekić’s Arno and the mole emerge as counterparts to Orwell’s Winston and O’Brien. The chronotope of meeting, along with the resonant sentences “We shall meet in the place where there is no darkness” and “We shall meet when flowers bloom again,” is a constant in both narrative structures. Regarding personality traits, Pekić’s last man in the world, i.e. Arno, is well-matched with Winston, Orwell’s last man. Both are modelled as aloof, lonely in their lives and ideas, and as individuals juxtaposed with the group. Furthermore, Pekić treats the motifs of love, history and rats similarly to the way Orwell does. Love fails to ensure the survival of humankind, historical facts are misrepresented, while the motif of rats metaphorically represents danger inboth texts.
Translating the Untranslatable: Walter Benjamin and Homi Bhabha
Authors: Biti Vladimir 
Published: November 2019

Since Homi Bhabha introduced the notion of “cultural translation” in the penultimate chapter of his Location of Culture, translation no longer implies the overcoming of existing differences between cultures. In his peculiar interpretation, it becomes a process that initiates cultural differences in the same way as life, for instance, incessantly diversifies its creatures. As these differences follow from translation, rather than precede it, cultures are conceived as hybrid and in-between rather than pure and autonomous entities. It is this characteristics of cultures that, in Bhabha’s understanding, renders them untranslatable. A culture cannot assimilate into another culture without maintaining its internal difference and it cannot liberate itself from another culture without having embodied this culture’s trace. In the final analysis, his idea of “cultural translation desacralizes the … assumptions of cultural supremacy” by undoing the asymmetry between languages that for long centuries accompanied the Western practice of translation. The thesis that I want to propose is that, in this context, Bhabha’s engagement of the notion of untranslatability, introduced by Walter Benjamin in his 1923 essay “The Task of the Translator,” acquires a special significance. It establishes a clandestine “elective affinity” between the two thinkers who, doomed to cope with the traumatic constellations of their respectively post-imperial and postcolonial age, attempt to disengage these ages’ political asymmetries.
Déclencher, représenter, restituer : le théâtre comme méthode géographique
Authors: Landrin Lise 
Published: November 2019

Quelles sont aujourd’hui les méthodes dont disposent les géographes pour s’engager dans une recherche participative de terrain ? Avec le renouvellement scientifique d’un discours postcolonial et féministe, des méthodes créatives se sont multipliées pour créer des alternatives à la ‘fabrique’ des autres. Toutefois, dans ce tournant de postures et de méthodes, il faut s’étonner de ne pas voir figurer le théâtre dans la boîte à outils des géographes. Ce manque est d’autant plus étonnant que nos rapports à l’espace sont façonnés par des rôles dans une organisation presque scénique du quotidien, similaire en ce sens à certaines logiques de théâtralité. Le théâtre en tant que pratique expressive des corps permet l’élaboration de nouveaux régimes discursifs et constitue en soi une forme de représentation du monde. Cet article interroge les fondements et les atouts d’une méthode de terrain basée sur le « théâtre déclencheur » : une pratique artistique qui permet d’objectiver et de transformer des contraintes sociales par la médiation de la scène. Après avoir présenté le renouvellement épistémologique qui fait une place au théâtre en tant qu’outil géographique, ce papier détaille les termes d’un protocole expérimental avant de discuter ce que ladite méthode scientifique a permis de découvrir dans un terrain d’étude népalais entre Mars 2017 et Mai 2018.
IT /IS Outsourcing from Omani Organizations' Perspective: Motivations and Reservations
Authors: Al-Ghrabi Khamis 
Published: November 2019

In recent years outsourcing has become one of the strategies pursued by organizations in order to manage their Information Technology/ Information Systems (IT/IS) (Gonzalez et al., 2006).Organizations turn to outsource their IT/IS for a number of reasons. Many Omani organizations outsourced part or all of their IT/IS while others are conservative and following 'wait and see' strategy. The aim of this paper is to explore the main motivations for or against outsourcing IS/IT within the Omani private and public sectors. With this aim in mind, a questionnaire survey was used as the main method to collect data from Omani private and public organizations. In addition two semi structured interviews were conducted to detect some issues that were not possible otherwise. The results of the analysis of the data show that the main drive behind IS/IT outsourcing is the need to obtain the required skills which are not available otherwise. The study also shows that security issues and concerns are among the top reasons preventing some Omani organizations from outsourcing.
ERP in Indian SME’s: A post implementation study of the underlying critical success factors
Authors: Upadhyay Parijat , Dan Pranab K. 
Published: November 2019

Over the past year, the global economic crisis has put the spotlight on many business organisations of any size.With India not being spared of the impact, large establishments have attempted to tackle this crisis in their own ways. Amid all this, SMEs are increasingly being brought into focus on account of their huge growth potential. The SME sector in India, which contributes almost half of India’s GDP and is home to a slew of business opportunities. SMEs can carve out value-adding niches for themselves and play an important role at a time when global corporations revisit their established supply and sourcing patterns as a response to the changed business climate. In the need to remain competitive, they are looking at supply chain areas and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solutions seemed to have emerged as a ready made solutions to many SME’s.Therefore, it's of particular interest to analyse the operating implementations, in order to identify the success cases, the nature and measure of the benefits obtained and the context and project-related factors which can influence the chances of a positive outcome.The research presented here was specifically targeted to the SMEs which already completed the process of adopting an ERP system to bring out the underlying factors which can prove decisive for success and to propose a framework that seem to guide This study is based on feedback that has been obtained from 150+ responded who were from various forms of industries,which are essentially SME in nature. Keywords: ERP, SME, vendor selection, communication, support, cost
Physicians in the double role of treatment provider and expert in light of principle-based social insurance medical ethics
Authors: Solli Hans Magnus , Barbosa da Silva António 
Published: November 2019

GPs serve in a double role of treatment provider and expert in certain social insurance systems, such as the Norwegian one. Some physicians assert that the ethical obligations of the two roles conflict with each other. The objective of this article is to show that social insurance medical ethics (SIME), which are based on recognised principles of medical ethics, unite the physicians’ obligations associated with these roles. The method applied is a medical ethics conceptual analysis. The material consists of literature on normative SIME. The study shows that SIME expands the role of the treatment provider to a wider societal context. Here, physicians should attempt to balance the perspectives of sympathy with empathy, as treatment providers, with the impartiality in their role as experts. Five principles of medical ethics are fundamental. Respect for human dignity is the overarching principle of medical ethics. The four others are nonmaleficence, beneficence (including soft paternalism), autonomy, and social justice. The article discusses two areas where it is asserted that the roles of treatment provider and expert conflict with each other: the application of beneficence and justice, and the duty of confidentiality versus the duty to provide information to the National Insurance service. The study concludes that there are no basic ethical conflicts between the two roles. The ethical problems that may arise when exercising this duality should be viewed in the same way as other ethical problems in medicine. Actual application and balancing of the principles may necessitate negotiations between patients and physicians.
Keywords: dual roles, professionalism, deliberation, impartiality, medical principle ethics, values of welfare state
Defining “Social Sustainability”: Towards a Sustainable Solution to the Conceptual Confusion
Authors: De Fine Licht Karl , Folland Anna 
Published: November 2019

The interest in "social sustainability" has recently increased in the field of urban development. We want societies, cities, and neighborhoods to be economically and environmentally sustainable, but we also want urban areas that are safe, diverse, walkable, and relaxing, just to mention a few examples. Strikingly, however, there is no consensus regarding what definition of "social sustainability" should be employed. Additionally, some people are skeptical about the prospect of finding a useful definition at all and claim it is impossible to satisfactorily define the concept for various reasons, such as its complexity. A potential first step towards navigating this conceptual maze is to provide desiderata for a definition of social sustainability. We defend a list of nine desiderata and thereby create a theoretical framework for analyzing and constructing a definition of "social sustainability". We also examine the skeptical arguments and find that it is premature to conclude that the goal of finding a useful definition is hopeless. With the criteria in place, the future debate can proceed by assessing definitions of "social sustainability" in a more structured and transparent manner. This activity is of upmost importance if we want to create just cities.
Keywords: Social Sustainability, Definition, Purposes and Aims, Conditions of Adequacy
The Paradoxes of Network Neutralities
Authors: Newman Russell A. 
Published: November 2019

An argument that the movement for network neutrality was of a piece with its neoliberal environment, solidifying the continued existence of a commercially driven internet.
Media reform activists rejoiced in 2015 when the FCC codified network neutrality, approving a set of Open Internet rules that prohibitedproviders from favoring some content and applications over others—only to have their hopes dashed two years later when the agency reversed itself. In this book, Russell Newman offers a unique perspective on these events, arguing that the movement for network neutrality was of a piece with its neoliberal environment rather than counter to it; perversely, it served to solidify the continued existence of a commercially dominant internet and even emergent modes of surveillance and platform capitalism. Going beyond the usual policy narrative of open versus closed networks, or public interest versus corporate power, Newman uses network neutrality as a lens through which to examine the ways that neoliberalism renews and reconstitutes itself, the limits of particular forms of activism, and the shaping of future regulatory processes and policies.
Newman explores the debate's roots in the 1990s movement for open access, the transition to network neutrality battles in the 2000s, and the terms in which these battles were fought. By 2017, the debate had become unmoored from its own origins, and an emerging struggle against “neoliberal sincerity” points to a need to rethink activism surrounding media policy reform itself.
The Artist in the Machine
Authors: Miller Arthur I. 
Published: November 2019

An authority on creativity introduces us to AI-powered computers that are creating art, literature, and music that may well surpass the creations of humans.
Today's computers are composing music that sounds “more Bach than Bach,” turning photographs into paintings in the style of Van Gogh's Starry Night, and even writing screenplays. But are computers truly creative—or are they merely tools to be used by musicians, artists, and writers? In this book, Arthur I. Miller takes us on a tour of creativity in the age of machines.
Miller, an authority on creativity, identifies the key factors essential to the creative process, from “the need for introspection” to “the ability to discover the key problem.” He talks to people on the cutting edge of artificial intelligence, encountering computers that mimic the brain and machines that have defeated champions in chess, Jeopardy!, and Go. In the central part of the book, Miller explores the riches of computer-created art, introducing us to artists and computer scientists who have, among much else, unleashed an artificial neural network to create a nightmarish, multi-eyed dog-cat; taught AI to imagine; developed a robot that paints; created algorithms for poetry; and produced the world's first computer-composed musical, Beyond the Fence, staged by Android Lloyd Webber and friends.
But, Miller writes, in order to be truly creative, machines will need to step into the world. He probes the nature of consciousness and speaks to researchers trying to develop emotions and consciousness in computers. Miller argues that computers can already be as creative as humans—and someday will surpass us. But this is not a dystopian account; Miller celebrates the creative possibilities of artificial intelligence in art, music, and literature.
From the Inside Out
Authors: Harrison Jill Lindsey 
Published: November 2019

An examination of why government agencies allow environmental injustices to persist.
Many state and federal environmental agencies have put in place programs, policies, and practices to redress environmental injustices, and yet these efforts fall short of meeting the principles that environmental justice activists have fought for. In From the Inside Out, Jill Lindsey Harrison offers an account of the bureaucratic culture that hinders regulatory agencies' attempts to reduce environmental injustices.
It is now widely accepted that America's poorest communities, communities of color, and Native American communities suffer disproportionate harm from environmental hazards, with higher exposure to pollution and higher incidence of lead poisoning, cancer, asthma, and other diseases linked to environmental ills. And yet, Harrison reports, some regulatory staff view these problems as beyond their agencies' area of concern, requiring too many resources, or see neutrality as demanding “color-blind” administration. Drawing on more than 160 interviews (with interviewees including 89 current or former agency staff members and more than 50 environmental justice activists and others who interact with regulatory agencies) and more than 50 hours of participant observation of agency meetings (both open- and closed-door), Harrison offers a unique account of how bureaucrats resist, undermine, and disparage environmental justice reform—and how environmental justice reformers within the agencies fight back by trying to change regulatory practice and culture from the inside out. Harrison argues that equity, not just aggregated overall improvement, should be a metric for evaluating environmental regulation.
Material and Mind
Authors: Bardt Christopher 
Published: November 2019

An in-depth exploration of the interaction between mind and material world, mediated by language, image, and making—in design, the arts, culture, and science.
In Material and Mind, Christopher Bardt delves deeply into the interaction of mind and material world, mediated by language, image, and the process of making. He examines thought not as something “pure” and autonomous but as emerging from working with material, and he identifies this as the source of imagination and creative insight. This takes place as much in such disciplines as cognitive science, anthropology, and poetry as it does in the more obvious painting, sculpture, and design. In some fields, the medium of work is, in fact, the very medium of thinking—as fabric is for the tailor.
Drawing on the philosophical notions of the “extended mind” and the “enactive mind,” and looking beyond the world of material-based arts, Bardt investigates the realms in which material and mind interweave through metaphor, representation, projection, analogues, tools, and models. He considers words and their material origins and discusses the paradox of representation. He draws on the design process, scientific discovery, and cultural practice, among others things, to understand the dynamics of human thinking, to illuminate some of the ways we work with materials and use tools, and to demonstrate how our world continues to shape us as we shape it. Finally, he considers the seamless “immaterial” flow of imagery, text, and data and considers the place of material engagement in a digital storm.
GIS-Based Modelling of Water Quality in Different Hilsha Spawning Grounds and Sanctuaries of Bangladesh
Authors: Yasmin Rumana , Islam Mehady 
Published: November 2019

The current study was performed to monitor in situ condition and spatio-temporal modelling of the present status of water quality parameters of different spawning grounds and sanctuaries of Hilsha. The study was conducted in nine sites in lower Padma River (Maowa) to lower Meghna River (Bhola, Patuakhali) from 1 August 2015 to 31 January 2016. This study demonstrates surface water temperature, salinity, conductivity and transparency were ranged from 19.00-33.00°C, 0.10-2.90 ppt, 125.60-4720.00 µS/cm and 6.60-74.00 cm respectively. The values of pH, DO, free CO2, total alkalinity, total hardness and free NH3 were varied from 6.00-9.50, 4.50-11.60 mg/L, 3.46-24.00 mg/L, 33.00-172.50 mg/L, 34.20-1291.00 mg/L and 0.20-1.40 mg/L respectively. Moreover, water quality model reveals that the present status of some water quality parameters (free CO2, free NH3, transparency) deviated from optimum condition suitable for the normal physiological process and spawning of Hilsha.
Reproductive Performances of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus according to the Type of Hormones and Substrates in Recycled Water in Southern Cameroon
Authors: Tiogué Claudine Tekounegning , Ambela Delphin Alfred Eva , Nana Paulin , Tomedi –Tabi Minette Eyango 
Published: November 2019

Aims: Improve production of Clarias gariepinus fry through the use of local materials.
Place and Duration of the Study: From 1st April to 09th May 2016 at the Akak Essatolo Fish Farm in Ebolowa, South Region Cameroon.
Study Design: 10 broodstock of C. gariepinus, were used for the artificial reproduction. Pituitary extract and Ovaprim hormones were used to induce oocytes maturation on females. Eggs were obtained by the abdominal pressure of the female. Wicks (or Local raffia fibbers (Raphia regalis)) and mesh frame were used as incubators of fertilised eggs. 12 experimental batches each consisting of 50 g of fertilised eggs were spread in triplicates on both types of incubators previously arranged in closed-circuit tanks.
Methodology: Fertilized eggs were enumerated by direct observation. At the end of the hatching (D0) and of vitelline resorption (D3), larvae of each experimental lot were counted.
Results: Similar (P = .05) absolute and relative fecundities used were recorded in all treatments. Female eggs induced with pituitary extracts and incubated on raffia fibbers recorded lower (P ˂.05) fertilisation and hatching rates. All other treatments were comparable (P = .05) for these parameters. Deformed larvae rates were comparable (P = .05) for all treatments. Survival rates at the end of yolk sac resorption (J3) were higher (> 70%) in all treatment. However, treatment with Ovaprim and wick showed a survival rate (71.1%) significantly (P ˂ .05) lower than the other treatments (> 80); which have otherwise remained comparable (P = .05).
Conclusion: The superiority of ovaprim at the beginning of reproduction is offset by the poor survival rate, which is better with the pituitary gland. It is therefore concluded that the use of the synthetic hormone is not economical for optimal production of C. gariepinus fry. In the same way a mastery of the use of the raffia fibres will improve the cost-effectiveness and consequently will decrease the production costs.
Growth and Survival of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus 1758) Fry Fed at Diffrerent Inclusion Levels of Wonderful Kola (Buchholzia coriacea) Seed Meal (BSM)
Authors: Eze F. , Avwemoya F. E. 
Published: November 2019

The effect of different inclusion levels of wonderful kola (Buchholzia coriacea) seed meal (BSM) on growth performance and survival rate of Oreochromis niloticus fry was investigated. Five days old mixed sex of O. niloticus (0.1– 0.2 g weight and 0.45 mm length) were subjected to powdered B. coriacea seeds meal (BSM) at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 g/kg twice daily for 1 month from April-May, 2015. It was conducted in an indoor experimental plastic basin of capacity 50 cm in diameter and 30 cm deep. 60 fry per duplicates with a total of 720 fry, six isonitrogeneous treatments and 2 duplicates per each treatment. A complete randomized design and 30% Crude Protein were used. The highest mean length, mean weight, specific growth rate and weight gain observed are 0.488 mm, 4.68 g, 0.85 and 4.65 g respectively. The highest of survival rate (100%) was recorded in fish fed with 6 g/ kg BSM. Treatment 1 having 0% BSM (control) had the lowest weight gain. In conclusion, the addition of 4 g/ kg of BSM in a fish diet, has no negative effect on the growth performance and survival of O. niloticus.