bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frontiers in modelling social–ecological dynamics of recreational fisheries: A review and synthesis
Authors: Solomon Christopher T. , Dassow Colin J. , Iwicki Carolyn M. , Jensen Olaf P. , Jones Stuart E. , Sass Greg G. , Trudeau Ashley , van Poorten Brett T. , Whittaker Dane 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecreational fisheries are culturally and economically important around the world. Recent research emphasizes that understanding and managing these systems requires a social–ecological perspective. We systematically reviewed quantitative social–ecological models of marine and freshwater recreational fisheries to summarize their conceptualization of social, ecological, and social–ecological dynamics and identify research frontiers. From a candidate set of 626 studies published between 1975 and 2018, 49 met criteria for inclusion in our review. These studies, though diverse in terms of focal species and processes considered, were geographically limited to a few locations and ignored large regions of the globe where recreational fishing is important. There were also important gaps in the social and ecological processes that were included in published models. Reflecting on these patterns in the context of previous conceptual frameworks, we define five key frontiers for future work: 1) exploring the implications of social and behavioural processes like heuristics, social norms, and information sharing for angler decisions and fishery dynamics; 2) modelling governance with more realistic complexity; 3) incorporating ideas from resilience thinking and complex adaptive systems, including slow variables, destabilizing feedbacks, surprises and diversity; 4) considering key ideas in fisheries systems, including spatial and temporal effort dynamics, catch hyperstability, and stocking; and 5) thinking synthetically about the models that we use to describe social–ecological dynamics in recreational fisheries, via explicit comparisons and formal integration with data. Exploration of these frontiers, while remembering the distinction between model complexity and model usefulness, will improve our ability to understand and sustain recreational fisheries.
Caribbean reefs of the Anthropocene: Variance in ecosystem metrics indicates bright spots on coral depauperate reefs
Authors: Lester Sarah E. , Rassweiler Andrew , McCoy Sophie J. , Dubel Alexandra K. , Donovan Mary K. , Miller Margaret W. , Miller Scott D. , Ruttenberg Benjamin I. , Samhouri Jameal F. , Hay Mark E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDramatic coral loss has significantly altered many Caribbean reefs, with potentially important consequences for the ecological functions and ecosystem services provided by reef systems. Many studies examine coral loss and its causes—and often presume a universal decline of ecosystem services with coral loss—rather than evaluating the range of possible outcomes for a diversity of ecosystem functions and services at reefs varying in coral cover. We evaluate 10 key ecosystem metrics, relating to a variety of different reef ecosystem functions and services, on 328 Caribbean reefs varying in coral cover. We focus on the range and variability of these metrics rather than on mean responses. In contrast to a prevailing paradigm, we document high variability for a variety of metrics, and for many the range of outcomes is not related to coral cover. We find numerous “bright spots,” where herbivorous fish biomass, density of large fishes, fishery value, and/or fish species richness are high, despite low coral cover. Although it remains critical to protect and restore corals, understanding variability in ecosystem metrics among low‐coral reefs can facilitate the maintenance of reefs with sustained functions and services as we work to restore degraded systems. This framework can be applied to other ecosystems in the Anthropocene to better understand variance in ecosystem service outcomes and identify where and why bright spots exist.
Using ethnography and assemblage theory in political geography
Authors: Ghoddousi Pooya , Page Sam 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhile the focus on the ‘everyday’ in qualitative human geography has greatly increased the need for, and relevance of, ethnographic methods, Megoran argued that this is particularly true for political geography as it has the potential to challenge its focus on elite discourse, allowing researchers to bring forward multiple voices to investigate the becoming of political events. More recently, assemblage theory has gained traction in political geography, not only because of its capability to include the role of the material and the affective, but also revealing the links between micro‐ and macro‐politics by showing how agency emerges out of complex relations. In the first part of this paper, we present an overview of the recent uses of ethnography in political geography that have not embraced assemblage. Second, we explore the theoretical conceptualisations of, and opportunities provided by, an assemblage approach. Third, we go through the use of assemblage ethnographies in political geography, with a particular focus on Pooya's experience of research with Iranians in London. In this, he embraced a variety of ethnographic approaches, including ‘auto‐ethnography’, ‘netnographies’, ‘participant sensation’, in combination with observations, participatory workshops and activism. Showing the role of ethnography as a qualitative tool for political geographers to interrogate discursive social constructions, we argue that it holds even more promise for analysing and intervening in the emergent politics of socio‐material‐affective assemblages.
Financial literacy: A systematic review and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Goyal Kirti , Kumar Satish 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGiven the paucity of comprehensive summaries in the extant literature, this systematic review, coupled with bibliometric analysis, endeavours to take a meticulous approach intended at presenting quantitative and qualitative knowledge on the ever‐emerging subject of financial literacy. The study comprises a review of 502 articles ‐ published in peer‐reviewed journals from 2000 to 2019. Citation network, page‐rank analysis, co‐citation analysis, content analysis and publication trends have been employed to identify influential work, delineate the intellectual structure of the field and identify gaps. The most prominent journals, authors, countries, articles and themes have been identified using bibliometric analysis, followed by a comprehensive analysis of the content of 107 papers in the identified clusters. The three major themes enumerated are—levels of financial literacy amongst distinct cohorts, the influence that financial literacy exerts on financial planning and behaviour, and the impact of financial education. Additionally, content analysis of 175 papers has been conducted for the last four years’ articles that were not covered in the co‐citation analysis. Emerging themes identified include financial capability, financial inclusion, gender gap, tax & insurance literacy, and digital financial education. A conceptual framework has been modelled portraying the complete picture, following which potential areas of research have been suggested. This study will help policy‐makers, regulators and academic researchers know the nuts and bolts of financial literacy, and identify the relevant areas that need investigation.
Collaboration and Internationalization of SMEs: Insights and Recommendations from a Systematic Review
Authors: Zahoor Nadia , Al‐Tabbaa Omar , Khan Zaheer , Wood Geoffrey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper performs a systematic literature review of the undeniably diverse – and somewhat fragmented – current state of research on the collaborations and internationalization of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). We analyze key works and synthesize them into a framework that conceptually maps key antecedents, mediators, and moderators that influence the internationalization of SMEs. In addition, we highlight limitations of the literature, most notably in terms of theoretical fragmentation; extant theories are deployed and illustrated but rarely extended in a manner that significantly informs subsequent work. At an applied (but related) level, we argue the need for supplementary work that explores the distinct stages of internationalization – and the scope and scale of this process – rather than assuming closure around particular events. With this, we highlight the need for more rigorous and empirically informed explorations of contextual effects that take account of the consequences of developments in the global economic ecosystem.
Deciphering human γδ T cell response in cancer: Lessons from tumor‐infiltrating γδ T cells
Authors: Lo Presti Elena , Dieli Francesco , Fourniè Jean Jacques , Meraviglia Serena 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe finding that γδ T cells are present among tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes in humans suggests they participate in tumor immune surveillance, but their relevance is unclear because the relative abundance of tumor‐infiltrating γδ T cells correlates with positive or negative, or even do not correlate with prognosis. This likely depends on the fact that tumor‐infiltrating γδ T cells may play substantially different effector or regulatory functions, and correlation with patient's prognosis relies on distinct γδ T cell subsets in the context of the tumor. There is interest to exploit γδ T cells in tumor immunotherapy, but to make this approach successful there is urgent need to fully understand the biological functions of γδ T cells and of how they can be manipulated in vivo and ex vivo to safely provide benefit to the host. This review focuses on our previous and ongoing studies of tumor‐infiltrating γδ T lymphocytes in different types of human cancer. Moreover, we discuss the interaction of tumor‐infiltrating γδ T cells with other cells and molecules present in the tumor microenvironment, and their clinical relevance on the ground, that deep knowledge in this field can be used further for better immunotherapeutic intervention in cancer.
Safewards: Changes in conflict, containment, and violence prevention climate during implementation
Authors: Dickens Geoffrey L. , Tabvuma Tracy , Frost Steven A. ,   SWSLHD Safewards Steering Group
Published: July 2020

AbstractSince its development, there has been growing utilization of the Safewards package of interventions to reduce conflict and containment in acute mental health wards. The current study used the opportunity of an implementation of Safewards across one large metropolitan local health district in New South Wales Australia to evaluate change. Specific aims of the study were to measure, for the first time in Australia, changes in shift‐level reports of conflict and containment associated with Safewards introduction, and to measure any association with change in the violence prevention climate using a tool validated for use in the current study setting. Eight of eleven wards opted‐in to participating in Safewards. Implementation was conducted over a period of 24 weeks (4‐week preparation, 16‐week implementation, and 4‐week outcome phases). Conflict and containment were measured using the Patient–Staff Conflict Checklist Shift Report and violence prevention climate using the VPC‐14. From 63.2% response rate, the mean (SD) reported conflict and containment incidents per shift fell from 3.96 (6.25) and 6.81 (5.78) to 2.94 (4.22) and 5.82 (4.62), respectively. Controlling for other variables, this represented reductions of 23.0 and 12.0%, respectively. Violence prevention climate ratings did not change. Safewards was associated with significant improvements in all incidents of conflict and containment, including the most severe and restrictive types, and this was largely unaffected by outcomes measure response rate, shift or weekday/weekend reporting, or number of ward beds. Safewards is increasingly justified as one of very few interventions of choice in adult, acute mental health services and should be widely utilized.
Clinical study of Maggot therapy for Fournier's gangrene
Authors: Fonseca‐Muñoz Alicia , Sarmiento‐Jiménez Hugo E. , Pérez‐Pacheco Rafael , Thyssen Patricia J. , Sherman Ronald A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFournier's Gangrene is a fulminating necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum and genitalia. Standard treatment involves immediate excision of all necrotic tissue, aggressive antibiotic coverage, and supportive medical care. Still, the infection is commonly fatal or disfiguring. Wound treatment with disinfected blowfly larvae (maggot debridement therapy or MDT) has been shown to be highly effective, with multiple studies demonstrating effective debridement, disinfection, and promotion of granulation tissue. MDT also has been associated with preservation of viable tissue and minimised blood loss. This report describes a prospective clinical study of MDT for Fournier's gangrene aimed to test the hypothesis that early use of maggots could decrease the number of surgical treatments required to treat Fournier's gangrene. Subjects were provided with one initial surgical excision, followed by debridement using only medical grade Lucilia sericata larvae. Only two subjects were enrolled, both diabetic men. Intensive care and culture‐directed antimicrobial coverage were administered as usual. Maggot debridement was associated with the disappearance of necrotic tissue, control of infection and granulation tissue growth. In both subjects, wounds healed without requiring further surgical resection or anatomical reconstruction. Maggot therapy decreased the number of surgical procedures that otherwise would have been necessary, and led to favourable outcomes.
Sickle cell disease perceptions of caregivers, adolescent, and adult patients: Barriers and facilitators to medical care adherence
Authors: Hoegy Delphine , Guilloux Ronald , Bleyzac Nathalie , Gauthier‐Vasserot Alexandra , Cannas Giovanna , Bertrand Yves , Hot Arnaud , Dussart Claude , Janoly‐Dumenil Audrey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo provide an understanding of medical care adherence factors as reported by caregivers, adolescent, and adult patients with sickle cell disease and to analyse those concerns to identify barriers and facilitators about medical care adherence. Three topics influenced medical care adherence: the disease itself, therapeutics, and the healthcare system. This study will focus on the first topic.DesignQualitative explorative study, using semi‐structured and life‐experience interviews and manual inductive content analysis.MethodsFrom December 2016 – March 2017, one semi‐structured interview was conducted by a researcher with each of the 15 adolescent patients, 10 adult patients, and 19 caregivers in a French public hospital. Interviews were audio‐taped and transcribed before a content analysis. Perceptions were classified into barriers and facilitators of medical care adherence.ResultsThis article presents disease perceptions of caregivers and patients (adolescents and adults): daily management and social representations. These perceptions differ among parents, adolescent patients, and adult patients. However, all report important disease‐related “limitations” in their lives. The objective for adults (parents and patients) is to “live with the disease” and to achieve this, they find coping resources. Two major resources expressed by adults emerged: social resources (support from friends, patients’ association, and social visibility) and disease knowledge (theoretical and derived from experience). This is not the case of adolescents for whom social normality was the main concern.ConclusionCare management adherence is partly based on coping with the disease. Given the lower number of facilitators expressed by adolescents, it is essential to propose interventions in this population. It will help them cope with the disease and, consequently, optimize care management adherence.ImpactShowing differences among caregivers, adult, and adolescent patient perceptions, this study impact future care practices. It revealed needs of intervention for adolescents.
Refugee Discrimination – The Good, the Bad, and the Pragmatic
Authors: Oberman Kieran 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article addresses three questions. To what extent does the current refugee regime discriminate among refugees? When is such discrimination wrong? Could discrimination ever be justified pragmatically, for the sake of admitting more refugees given political constraints? In answer to the first question, it finds discrimination is rampant. There is the kind of discrimination that gets noticed: discrimination that states choose to enact within the refugee regime. But there is also a kind of discrimination that is missed: discrimination that is a product of the regime itself. The second question proves tricky. Matters are clear at the extremes. Discrimination based on need is permissible. Discrimination based on race or religion is not. In between, we have a set of hard cases that are more difficult to judge. The article searches for relevant criteria. Finally, on the last question, the article concludes that a political leader could be justified in enacting discrimination as a pragmatic response to political constraints but that, even on such occasions, discrimination remains wrongful.
Imprinting aberrations of SNRPN, ZAC1 and INPP5F genes involved in the pathogenesis of congenital heart disease with extracardiac malformations
Authors: Zhao Xiaolei , Chang Shaoyan , Liu Xinli , Wang Shuangxing , Zhang Yueran , Lu Xiaolin , Zhang Ting , Zhang Hui , Wang Li 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) with extracardiac malformations (EM) is the most common multiple malformation, resulting from the interaction between genetic abnormalities and environmental factors. Most studies have attributed the causes of CHD with EM to chromosomal abnormalities. However, multi‐system dysplasia is usually caused by both genetic mutations and epigenetic dysregulation. The epigenetic mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CHD with EM remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of imprinting alterations, including those of the Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N (SNRPN), PLAG1 like zinc finger 1 (ZAC1) and inositol polyphosphate‐5‐phosphatase F (INPP5F) genes, in the pathogenesis of CHD with EM. The methylation levels of SNRPN, ZAC1, and INPP5F genes were analysed by the MassARRAY platform in 24 children with CHD with EM and 20 healthy controls. The expression levels of these genes were detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The correlation between methylation regulation and gene expression was confirmed using 5‐azacytidine (5‐Aza) treated cells. The methylation levels of SNRPN and ZAC1 genes were significantly increased in CHD with EM, while that of INPP5F was decreased. The methylation alterations of these genes were negatively correlated with expression. Risk analysis showed that abnormal hypermethylation of SNRPN and ZAC1 resulted in 5.545 and 7.438 times higher risks of CHD with EM, respectively, and the abnormal hypomethylation of INPP5F was 8.38 times higher than that of the control group. We concluded that abnormally high methylation levels of SNRPN and ZAC1 and decreased levels of INPP5F imply an increased risk of CHD with EM by altering their gene functions. This study provides evidence of imprinted regulation in the pathogenesis of multiple malformations.
LINC00941 promotes oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via activating CAPRIN2 and canonical WNT/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Ai Yilong , Wu Siyuan , Zou Chen , Wei Haigang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDysregulation of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been implicated in many cancer developments. Previous studies showed that lncRNA LINC00941 was aberrantly expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, its role in OSCC development remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrated that in OSCC cells, EP300 activates LINC00941 transcription through up‐regulating its promoter H3K27ac modification. Up‐regulated LINC00941 in turn activates CAPRIN2 expression by looping to CAPRIN2 promoter. Functional assays suggest that both LINC00941 and CAPRIN2 play pivotal roles in promoting OSCC cell proliferation and colony formation. In vivo assay further confirmed the role of LINC00941 in promoting OSCC cell tumour formation. Lastly, we showed that the role of LINC00941 and CAPRIN2 in OSCC progression was mediated through activating the canonical WNT/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Thus, LINC00941/CAPRIN2/ WNT/β‐catenin signaling pathway provides new therapeutic targets for OSCC treatment.
Identification of a nursery area for the critically endangered hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini) amid intense fisheries in the southern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Cuevas‐Gómez Gabriela Alejandra , Pérez‐Jiménez Juan Carlos , Méndez‐Loeza Iván , Carrera‐Fernández Maribel , Castillo‐Géniz José Leonardo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSince the 1980s, there has been growing concern in the Mexican Atlantic regarding high catches of neonate and juvenile sharks in small‐scale fisheries. Fishery‐dependent data from 1993 to 1994 and 2007 to 2017 and fishers' ecological knowledge from 2017 were used to identify nursery areas for scalloped hammerhead, Sphyrna lewini, in the southern Gulf of Mexico. Catch records and fishing areas of neonates, YOYs, juveniles and adults of S. lewini (N = 1885) were obtained from calcareous and terrigenous regions in the western Yucatan Peninsula. The results suggest that a nursery for scalloped hammerhead is found in the terrigenous region, characterized by relatively shallow and turbid waters due to rivers’ discharges. Neonates and YOYs (96% and 86% of their total records, respectively) were commonly found there over the years in May–August in multiple fishing areas identified by fishers, although mainly between isobaths 10–30 m. The enforcement of management measures is necessary because the nursery is located in a region with intense fishing effort.
Bipolar or monopolar electrosurgery in blepharoplasty: A comparison of surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction
Authors: Kim Jeenam , Kwon Yongseok , Jun Dong‐keun , Lee Myungchul , Shin Donghyeok , Kim Soonheum , Jo Dongin , Kim Cheolkeun , Kim Heonjoon , Choi Hyungon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundAn electrosurgery unit (ESU) is the mainstay of bleeding control in blepharoplasty. There are two different types of ESUs: monopolar (m‐ESU) and bipolar (b‐ESU).AimsWe used m‐ and b‐ESUs in upper, lower, and combined blepharoplasty and compared their outcomes.Patients/MethodsIn this retrospective file review of 292 blepharoplasty patients, we excluded 14 who were lost to follow‐up or had missing data; among the 278 enrolled patients, we recorded operative time, a surgeon panel's score for edema and ecchymosis on the third postoperative day, patients’ scores of their satisfaction and inconvenience, and postoperative complications.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐nine patients were included in the m‐ESU and b‐ESU group. Overall, 105 patients underwent upper blepharoplasty, 77 underwent lower blepharoplasty, and 96 underwent combined blepharoplasty. The total mean operative time in the m‐ESU and b‐ESU was 67.94 and 62.82 minutes, respectively. This difference was not significant (P > .05). The panel's edema and patient satisfaction and inconvenience scores were significantly better in the b‐ESU group (P < .05). There were no significant differences in the panel's ecchymosis score and frequency as well as nature of complications between the m‐ESU and b‐ESU group (P > .05).ConclusionsIn this cohort of blepharoplasty patients, minimally invasive b‐ESUs were efficient in obtaining reliable surgical results with higher satisfaction and lower inconvenience rates of patients than m‐ESUs. We would like to recommend the use of b‐ESUs in blepharoplasty, especially for plastic surgeons inexperienced in periorbital esthetic surgery.