bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A High Sensitive, Reproducible and Disposable Immunosensor for Analysis of SOX2
Authors: Tarimeri Nur , Sezgintürk Mustafa Kemal 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, an ITO (indium tin oxide) based biosensor was constructed to detect SOX2. SOX2 helps the regulation of cell pluripotency and is closely related to early embryonic development, neural and sexual differentiation. SOX2 is amplified and overexpressed in some malignant tumors such as squamous cell, lung, prostate, breast, esophageal cell, colon, ovarian, glioblastoma, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. To generate a hydroxylated clean electrode surface, ITO electrodes were treated with NH4OH/H2O2/H2O. Later, ITO‐PET electrode surfaces were modified with 3‐glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (3‐GOPS). Then, Anti‐SOX2 was covalently immobilized onto the electrode surfaces. 3‐GOPS concentration, Anti‐SOX2 concentration and incubation time, SOX2 incubation time were optimized. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were utilized in order to follow up the immobilization processes and the optimization steps of the biosensor. To characterize the analytical properties of constructed immunosensor; linear range, repeatability, reproducibility and regeneration studies were investigated. The linear range of the immunosensor was detected as 0.625 pg/mL–62.5 pg/mL. Square wave voltammetry technique was also applied to the biosensor. Storage life of the biosensor was determined for identifying the possible usability of the biosensor in clinical field. Finally, the designed biosensor was applied to the real human serum samples. The results obtained with the presented biosensor were also compared with ELISA results.
Modelling the decadal dynamics of reach‐scale river channel evolution and floodplain turnover in CAESAR‐Lisflood
Authors: Feeney Christopher J. , Chiverrell Richard C. , Smith Hugh G. , Hooke Janet M. , Cooper James R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSedimentary deposits provide records of environmental change quantifying erosion fluxes conditioned by natural and anthropogenic disturbances. These fluxes are lagged by internal storage, particularly within floodplains, complicating reconstruction of environmental changes. The time sediment remains in storage underpins the interpretation of sedimentary records and accurate monitoring of pollutant fluxes. Turnover time is a measure of the timeframe to erode every floodplain surface. CAESAR‐Lisflood is used to simulate fluvial evolution at reach scale, providing a basis for quantifying environmental changes on the timescales of sediment storage. We evaluate the accuracy of CAESAR‐Lisflood simulations of channel changes and turnover times for alluvial floodplains using historical channel changes reconstructed for 10 reaches in northern England to quantify model accuracy in replicating mean annual erosion, deposition and channel lateral migration rates, alongside planform morphology. Here, a split‐sample testing approach is adopted, whereby five of the reaches were calibrated and the resulting parameter values were applied to the other reaches to evaluate the transferability of parameter settings. The lowest overall integrated error identified the best‐fit simulations and showed that modelled process rates were within ~25–50% of rates from historical reconstructions, generally. Calibrated parameters for some reaches are widely transferable, producing accurate geomorphic changes for some uncalibrated sites. However, large errors along some reaches indicate that reach‐specific parameterization is recommended. Turnover times are underpinned by the assumption that areas of floodplain previously unvisited by the channel are reworked. This assumption has been challenged by studies that show floodplain (re)occupation rates vary spatially. However, this limitation is less important for the short‐duration simulations presented here. The simulations reconstruct floodplain turnover times estimated by mapped rates mostly successfully, demonstrating the potential applicability of calibrated parameters over much longer timescales. Errors in the form of under‐predicted erosion rates propagated, resulting in over‐predicted turnover times by even greater magnitudes. © 2020 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Systematic review of genetic association studies in people with Lewy body dementia
Authors: Sanghvi Hazel , Singh Ricky , Morrin Hamilton , Rajkumar Anto P. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesLewy body dementia (LBD) causes more morbidity, disability, and earlier mortality than Alzheimer disease. Molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in LBD are poorly understood. We aimed to do a systematic review of all genetic association studies that investigated people with LBD for improving our understanding of LBD molecular genetics and for facilitating discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for LBD.MethodsWe systematically reviewed five online databases (PROSPERO protocol: CRD42018087114) and completed the quality assessment using the quality of genetic association studies tool.ResultsEight thousand five hundred twenty‐one articles were screened, and 75 articles were eligible to be included. Genetic associations of LBD with APOE, GBA, and SNCA variants have been replicated by two or more good quality studies. Our meta‐analyses confirmed that APOE‐ε4 is significantly associated with dementia with Lewy bodies (pooled odds ratio [POR] = 2.70; 95% CI, 2.37‐3.07; P < .001) and Parkinson's disease dementia (POR = 1.60; 95% CI, 1.21‐2.11; P = .001). Other reported genetic associations that need further replication include variants in A2M, BCHE‐K, BCL7C, CHRFAM7A, CNTN1, ESR1, GABRB3, MAPT, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup H, NOS2A, PSEN1, SCARB2, TFAM, TREM2, and UCHL1.ConclusionsThe reported genetic associations and their potential interactions indicate the importance of α‐synuclein, amyloid, and tau pathology, autophagy lysosomal pathway, ubiquitin proteasome system, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in LBD. There is a need for larger genome‐wide association study (GWAS) for identifying more LBD‐associated genes. Future hypothesis‐driven studies should aim to replicate reported genetic associations of LBD and to explore their functional implications.
Does forgiving in a collectivistic culture affect only decisions to forgive and not emotions? REACH forgiveness collectivistic in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniati Ni Made Taganing , Worthington Everett L. , Widyarini Nilam , Citra Ajeng Furida , Dwiwardani Carissa 
Published: January 2020

According to some theorising, in collectivistic societies, forgiveness is mainly enacted to maintain relationships, not engender emotional transformation. This present study was designed to explore whether forgiveness affects decisional and emotional forgiveness in Indonesia, a country categorised as collectivistic. The evidence‐based REACH Forgiveness psychoeducational group intervention was adapted to collectivistic culture (REACH forgiveness collectivistic; REACH‐FC), and its efficacy was assessed in a randomised controlled trial. Undergraduates in Indonesia (N = 97; 24 male; 73 female; ages 16–21) were randomly assigned within a 2 × 3(S) quasi‐experimental repeated‐measures design comparing immediate treatment (IT) and waiting list (WL) conditions [Condition (IT, WL) × Time ([S] 3 time points). Harmonious value, a personality variable assessing the strength of participants' desire for group harmony, was the covariate. The condition × time (S) interactions for both decisional and emotional forgiveness were significant, challenging some previous literature. Clearly, not all forms of collectivism have similar effects when individuals and communities deal with transgressions.
Adherent‐invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC): Cause or consequence of inflammation, dysbiosis, and rupture of cellular joints in patients with IBD?
Authors: Perna Angelica , Hay Eleonora , Contieri Marcella , De Luca Antonio , Guerra Germano , Lucariello Angela 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere are many factors contributing to the development of gastrointestinal diseases, grouped into genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. In recent years attention has fallen on pathogens; in particular, Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Helicobacter pylori have been studied. Several points remain to be clarified, and above all, as regards the adherent‐invasive E. coli strains of E. coli, one wonders if they are a cause or a consequence of the disease. In this review, we have tried to clarify some points by examining a series of recent publications regarding the involvement of the bacterium in the pathology, even if other studies are necessary.
Bacterial growth, morphology, and cell component changes in Herbaspirillum sp. WT00C exposed to high concentration of selenate
Authors: Chen Changmei , Tian Jinbao , Zhou Jiahui , Ni Xuechen , Lei Jia , Wang Xingguo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSelenium (Se) is a nonmetallic element of the chalcogens. It is primarily available in natural environments as selenate and selenite oxoanions. Although selenate/selenite reduction in many microbes is widely studied at low concentrations (<50 mM), the effects of high selenate stress on bacterial growth, morphology, and cell components have not yet been studied. In this study, the response of Herbaspirillum sp. WT00C to selenate stress at high concentration is investigated by microbiological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques as well as proteomic analysis. Bacterial growth was seriously inhibited under high selenate concentrations and its growth‐inhibitory phase was prolonged with the increase of selenate concentrations. More interestingly, this bacterium was able to recover its growth even if the selenate concentration was up to 400 mM. Its growth inhibition period shortened to 6 h when the bacterium growing in 200 mM selenate for 28 h was reinoculated to the Luria‐Bertani medium containing 200 mM selenate. The high concentration of selenate also induces marked changes in the cell dimension and surface roughness, as revealed by SEM, along with compositional changes in the cell wall shown by proteomic analysis. The bacterial growth inhibition results from the marked downregulation of the α‐subunit of DNA polymerase III and RNA helicase, whereas its growth recovery is related to its high antioxidative activities. More NADPH synthesis and the upregulation of thioredoxin reductase and GPx are beneficial for Herbaspirillum sp. WT00C to establish and maintain a balance between oxidant and antioxidant intracellular systems for defending selenate toxicity. This study is an important contribution to understanding why Herbaspirillum sp. WT00C survives in a high concentration of selenate and how the bacterial cells respond physiologically to selenate stress at high concentration.
Limitation of nitrogen source facilitated the production of nonmeiotic recombinants in Aspergillus nidulans
Authors: Sybuia Priscila A. , Pereira Tais S. , Esquissato Giovana N. M. , de Castro‐Prado Gabriela , de Oliveira Heloá C. G. , Azevedo João L. , Pamphile João A. , Pereira Omar C. N. , de Carvalho Nunes William M. , Zanutto Carlos A. , de Castro‐Prado Marialba A. A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAspergillus nidulans is a fungal model organism extensively used in genetic approaches. It may reproduce sexually and asexually, with a well‐defined parasexual cycle. The current paper demonstrates that the limitation of nitrogen source facilitates the production of A. nidulans's nonmeiotic recombinants directly from heterokaryons, without the recovery of the diploid phase. Heterokaryons formed between master strains were inoculated in sodium nitrate‐low (basal medium [BM]) and sodium nitrate‐rich media (minimal medium [MM]). All mitotic segregants produced by the heterokaryons were tested for their mitotic stability in the presence of benomyl, the haploidizing agent. Only mitotically stable haploid segregants were selected for subsequent analysis. Phenotypic analyses of such haploids favored the characterization of nonmeiotic recombinants. As the number of such recombinants was higher in BM than in MM, nitrogen limitation may have facilitated the isolation of nonmeiotic recombinants from heterokaryons by stimulating nuclear fusion still inside the heterokaryotic mycelium as a survival strategy.
Atmospheric moisture pathways of East Africa and implications for water recycling at Mount Kilimanjaro
Authors: Schumacher Benjamin , Katurji Marwan , Meyer Hanna , Appelhans Tim , Otte Insa , Nauss Thomas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Mt. Kilimanjaro ecosystem depends on atmospheric moisture transport and recycling of water, yet limited knowledge on the relation between advective moisture pathways and local water recycling is available. This study uses a regional atmospheric model to analyse moisture source and sink processes as well as precipitation recycling at Mt. Kilimanjaro. The results indicate that locally produced precipitation is deposited mainly in June and July while trans‐regional effects are weak. Results also revealed the importance of tropical storm systems for local convection in the Kilimanjaro region and the effect of the Indian Ocean Zonal Mode phases on East African moisture pathways. The analysis further revealed connections between the Madagascar tip jet and the Turkana jet with implications for regional moisture pathways that have not been described before.
Tegmen attenuation in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension is progressive
Authors: Handzel Ophir , Brenner‐Ullman Adi , Niry Dana , Neuman Uri , Cavel Oren , Yahav Oron , Fliss Dan M. , Ungar Omer J. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesTo prove that temporal bone tegmen attenuation in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is progressive.Study DesignRetrospective blind study at a tertiary academic medical center.MethodsEnrolled were medical records of patients with IIH that included at least two sequential computed tomography (CT) scans. The vertical distances between the floor of the middle fossa to the superior and lateral semicircular canals (SSC and LSC, respectively), to the scutum and minimal squama thickness were measured. The same measurements were made in scans of control subjects. The impact of demographics and metabolic variables including opening lumbar puncture (LP) pressure were evaluated.ResultsTwenty medical records were enrolled. Median age at diagnosis was 21 years; 16 were females. The median body mass index (BMI) was 32 kg/m2. Initial LP pressure was 195 mm cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The median time interval between CT scans was 58 months. A median attenuation of 0.35 mm and 0.25 mm over the right and left LSC and of 0.5 mm and 0.3 mm over the right and left scutum, was found, respectively. The thicknesses of the SSC and squama remained stable. No attenuation was present in controls. The opening pressure on initial LP (median 195 mm CSF), was positively correlated with the degree of tegmen attenuation, but the age at diagnosis and BMI were not.ConclusionsTegmen attenuation may be progressive in patients with idiopathic increased intracranial pressure and correlated with the opening pressure on LP. Tegmen defects and CSF leak should be looked for in these patients.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2020
Approximation by nonlinear integral operators via summability process
Authors: Aslan Ismail , Duman Oktay 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the approximation properties of nonlinear integral operators of convolution‐type by using summability process. In the approximation, we investigate the convergence with respect to both the variation semi‐norm and the classical supremum norm. We also compute the rate of approximation on some appropriate function classes. At the end of the paper, we construct a specific sequence of nonlinear operators, which verifies the summability process. Some graphical illustrations and numerical computations are also provided.
Energy Renormalization for Coarse‐Graining Polymers with Different Fragilities: Predictions from the Generalized Entropy Theory
Authors: Xu Wen‐Sheng , Xia Wenjie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBottom‐up prediction of physical performance of glass‐forming (GF) polymers via coarse‐grained (CG) modeling is challenging because these CG models normally experience significantly altered dynamics that strongly vary with temperature. Building upon the recently developed energy‐renormalization (ER) coarse‐graining method based on molecular dynamics simulations, generalized entropy theory (GET) is employed to theoretically investigate the influence of fundamental molecular parameters on CG modeling of polymers having different glass “fragilities” Taking a linear polymer melt as a model system within the GET framework, it is shown that the chain bending rigidity and cohesive interaction play critical roles in the glass formation of polymers and their CG analogs. To coarse‐grain polymers having a higher fragility index, it requires greater magnitudes of ER factor εCG to rescale the cohesive interaction strength under coarse‐graining and thus recover the atomistic relaxation dynamics over a wide temperature range. The GET further predicts that a higher degree of coarse‐graining generally requires greater magnitudes of εCG due to the influence of loss of configuration entropy sc on the dynamics. GET analyses herein theoretically demonstrate the efficacy of the ER method toward building a multiscale temperature transferable modeling framework for GF polymers, and confirm the importance of preserving sc in CG modeling of dynamics of soft materials.
Developmental aspects of FXAND in a man with the FMR1 premutation
Authors: Santos Ellery , Emeka‐Nwonovo Chinelo , Wang Jun Yi , Schneider Andrea , Tassone Flora , Hagerman Paul , Hagerman Randi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundFragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) premutation can cause developmental problems including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), social anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems fall under an umbrella term of Fragile X‐associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (FXAND) and is separate from Fragile X‐associated Tremor/Ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a neurodegenerative disorder.Methods/Clinical CaseA 26‐year‐old Caucasian male with the Fragile X premutation who presented with multiple behavior and emotional problems including depression and anxiety at 10 years of age. He was evaluated at 13, 18, and 26 years old with age‐appropriate cognitive assessments, psychiatric evaluations, and an MRI of the brain.ResultsThe Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale (ADOS) was done at 13 years old and showed the patient has autism spectrum disorder (ASD). An evaluation at 18 years old showed a full‐scale IQ of 64. A Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K‐SADS) performed at 26 years old confirmed the previous impression of social anxiety disorder, agoraphobia disorder, and selective mutism. His MRI acquired at 26 years old showed enlarged ventricles, increased frontal subarachnoid spaces, and hypergyrification.ConclusionThis is an exemplary case of an FMR1 premutation carrier with significant psychiatric and cognitive issues that demonstrates Fragile X‐associated Neuropsychiatric Disorders (FXAND) as separate from the other well‐known premutation disorders.
Design and implementation of an adaptive beamformer for phased array antenna applications
Authors: Adamidis George A. , Vardiambasis Ioannis O. , Ioannidou Melina P. , Kapetanakis Theodoros N. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA modular beamformer, fully scalable in amplitude and phase, to be used with transmitting antenna arrays operating in the Digital Cellular System (DCS)/Personal Communications Service (PCS) frequency band, is designed and fabricated in this paper. The implementation of the structure is simple and very low cost; its performance is evaluated by measuring the frequency response, as well as the radiation patterns produced by an antenna array connected to the output of the beamformer. The latter exhibits low return losses and average amplitude imbalance less than ±0.8 dB, whereas the phase deviations do not exceed ±6° on average, over its 300 MHz bandwidth.
7T MR neurography‐ultrasound fusion for peripheral nerve imaging
Authors: Schreiber Stefanie , Schreiber Frank , Peter Alica , Isler Eser , Dörner Marc , Heinze Hans‐Jochen , Petri Suanne , Tempelmann Claus , Nestor Peter J. , Grimm Alexander , Vielhaber Stefan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe present one patient with an initial diagnosis of Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) and one with Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) type 1A.MethodsBoth patients underwent ankle tibial nerve fusion‐imaging of high‐resolution ultrasound (HRUS) with 7T MR neurography (MRN).ResultsIn GBS, the nerve was enlarged, T2‐hyperintense, and showed increased vascularization 21 months after symptom onset. In CMT1A, the enlarged nerve was T2‐isointense with normal endoneurial blood flow.ConclusionsWe demonstrate the utility of 7T‐MRN‐HRUS‐fusion‐imaging. In GBS, there was evidence of ongoing inflammation resulting in a changed diagnosis to acute‐onset chronic demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and maintenance of immunotherapy. By MRN‐HRUS‐fusion, patients with presumed peripheral axonal degeneration could be shown to display imaging markers associated with peripheral nervous system inflammation. Thus, more accurate identification of a treatable inflammatory component may become possible.
Kinetic detection of osmium(VI) ester intermediates during the OsO4‐mediated aqueous dihydroxylation of chloroethylenes
Authors: Gabričević Mario , Lente Gábor , Fábián István 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe kinetics and mechanism of the cis dihydroxylation of cis‐1,2‐dichloroethylene, trans‐1,2‐dichloroethylene, and trichloroethylene by osmium tetroxide was studied systematically in aqueous solution. The stoichiometry of the process was determined based on the principle of continuous variation of reactant ratios with spectrophotometric detection. The results always showed 1:1 stoichiometry, which is in agreement with dihydroxylation. All three reactions were found to proceed in two distinct steps. The first step occurred on a time scale of seconds and was associated with a minor change in absorbance and was identified as the formation of a 1:1 adduct between the two reagents, which is the osmium(VI) ester that plays a decisive role in catalytic applications. This species is formed in an equilibrium that is very much shifted toward the reactants, so the osmium(VI) complex is a short‐lived intermediate of the process, which is detected kinetically, but its concentration is never high enough for structural characterization. The second reaction is accompanied by major spectral changes; it involves the formation of the final products. Our results clearly show that it is possible to detect the intermediate of the process by careful kinetic studies. It is also possible that the same strategy might be successful in other OsO4‐dependent dihydroxylation processes.