bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Escala de percepção de esforço para criança (EPEC)
Authors: Martins Renata , Gonçalves Renata Maba , Minsky Rafaela Coelho , Mayer Anamaria Fleig , Schivinski Camila Isabel Santos 
Published: November 2020

O objetivo do presente estudo é traduzir e validar, para a língua portuguesa do Brasil, a escala de percepção de esforço para crianças (EPEC). Para isto, toda a etapa de tradução da PES-C, da língua inglesa para a portuguesa (do Brasil), foi realizada com base no protocolo proposto por Guillemin et al.19. Para validação da escala, esta foi aplicada durante a realização do teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6). A validade daEPEC foi avaliada com o uso do coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, para verificar o grau de associação com a escala de Borg. Para a estabilidade das respostas, calculou-se o erro padrão da média (EPM) e coeficiente de correlação intra-classe (ICC). Calculou-se o erro padrão da estimativa das medidas de percepção finais (EPE) de cada dia para analisar o grau de desvio dos dados obtidos. Para avaliação da fidelidade utilizouse o alpha de Cronbach, no sentido de se analisar a consistência interna deste instrumento. Neste estudo participaram do processo de validação da EPEC 36 crianças, com média de idade de 10±2,61 anos, sendo 50% de meninas. No cálculo do EPM, encontrou-se um valor de 0,05 para o primeiro dia e 0,03 no segundo dia, caracterizando uma variabilidade baixa. O EPE foi de 0,33 no primeiro dia e 0,41 no segundo dia, demonstrando um erro baixo. A consistência interna apresentou coefi ciente alfa de Cronbach de 0,865. A escala EPEC foi validada para a população de crianças brasileiras, demonstrando também ser reprodutível em testes submáximos.
“Hard against the soul”, de Dionne Brand
Authors: Santos Tatiana Nascimento dos , Pascoal Priscila Francisco 
Published: November 2020

Dionne Brand, poeta, novelista, documentarista e professora universitária, nasceu em Trinidad, uma ilha caribenha perto da Venezuela, e migrou para o Canadá na adolescência. Ganhadora de prêmios internacionais, como o “Governor General’s Award for Poetry” e o “Toronto Book Award”, é considerada ora caribenha ora canadense, apesar de reivindicar ser apátrida, e geralmente aborda temas como mulher, negritude, sexualidade, imigração, colonialismo, diáspora e justiça social. Alguns de seus trabalhos mais bem conhecidos e aclamados são o romance “What we all claim for”, o livro de poemas “thirsty”, o ensaio “Bread out of stone” e “A map to the door of no return”, uma meditação sobre negritude na diáspora.
O impacto das línguas bantas na formação do português brasileiro
Authors: Bagno Marcos 
Published: November 2020

O impacto das línguas africanas sobre o português brasileiro foi durante muito tempo minimizado ou mesmo negado, sem dúvida por razões ideológicas advindas do profundo racismo vigente na sociedade brasileira. Investigações recentes, no entanto, comprovam, em bases teóricas consistentes, que muitas características exclusivas da gramática do português brasileiro, que o diferenciam não só do português europeu como de todas as demais línguas do grupo românico, se devem aos intensos contatos linguísticos ocorridos no longo período colonial entre as línguas dos escravos, sobretudo as do grupo banto, e o português.
Um editor dublê de tradutor: Entrevista com Marcos Marcionilo
Authors: Silva-Reis Dennys , Amorim Lauro Maia 
Published: November 2020

Marcos Marcionilo é formado em filosofia pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, onde seguiu um mestrado em filosofia contemporânea com estudos sobre a filosofia de Michel Foucault. Conhece as línguas francesa, italiana, espanhola, inglesa. Exerce a profissão de tradutor desde 1987, tendo traduzido livros como Introdução ao existencialismo, de Nicola Abbagnano; Filosofia da linguagem, de Sylvain Auroux; A invenção da paisagem, de Anne Cauquelin. Desde 2001, é sócio-editor da Parábola Editorial.
Left Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation Monotherapy in Patients With Congenital Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Niaz Talha , Bos J. Martijn , Sorensen Katrina B. , Moir Christopher , Ackerman Michael J. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Videoscopic left cardiac sympathetic denervation (LCSD) is an effective antifibrillatory, minimally invasive therapy for patients with potentially life-threatening arrhythmia syndromes like long QT syndrome (LQTS). Although initially used primarily for treatment intensification following documented LQTS-associated breakthrough cardiac events while on beta-blockers, LCSD as 1-time monotherapy for certain patients with LQTS requires further evaluation. We are presenting our early experience with LCSD monotherapy for carefully selected patients with LQTS.

Methods:
Among the 1400 patients evaluated and treated for LQTS, a retrospective review was performed on the 204 patients with LQTS who underwent LCSD at our institution since 2005 to identify the patients where the LCSD served as stand-alone, monotherapy. Clinical data on symptomatic status before diagnosis, clinical, and genetic diagnosis, and breakthrough cardiac events after diagnosis were analyzed to determine efficacy of LCSD monotherapy.

Result:
Overall, 64 of 204 patients (31%) were treated with LCSD alone (37 [58%] female, mean QTc 466±30 ms, 16 [25%] patients were symptomatic before diagnosis with a mean age at diagnosis 17.3±11.8 years, 5 had [8%] ≥1 breakthrough cardiac event after diagnosis, and mean age at LCSD was 21.1±11.4 years). The primary motivation for LCSD monotherapy was an unacceptable quality of life stemming from beta-blocker related side effects (ie, beta-blocker intolerance) in 56/64 patients (88%). The underlying LQTS genotype was LQT1 in 36 (56%) and LQT2 in 20 (31%). There were no significant LCSD-related surgical complications. With a mean follow-up of 2.7±2.4 years so far, only 3 patients have experienced a nonlethal, post-LCSD breakthrough cardiac event in 180 patient-years.

Conclusions:
LCSD may be a safe and effective stand-alone therapy for select patients who do not tolerate beta-blockers. However, LCSD is not curative and patient selection will be critical when potentially considering LCSD as monotherapy.
Pros and Cons of Left Bundle Branch Pacing
Authors: Ravi Venkatesh , Hanifin Jillian L. , Larsen Timothy , Huang Henry D. , Trohman Richard G. , Sharma Parikshit S. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has recently emerged as a promising alternative modality for conduction system pacing. However, limited real-world data exists on the advantages and complications associated with LBBP. We analyzed the Rush conduction system pacing registry on LBBP to assess the success rates and complications associated with LBBP.

Methods:
All patients with an indication for permanent pacemaker or cardiac resynchronization therapy that underwent LBBP for various reasons from June 2018 to April 2020 were included in the analysis.

Results:
A total of 57 of 59 patients underwent successful LBBP (success rate 97%). The average follow-up duration was 6.2±5 months. The implanted devices included 38 dual-chamber pacemakers, 17 cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators, and 2 cardiac resynchronization therapy pacing systems. The most common reason for performing LBBP was a high His-Bundle pacing threshold (n=23) at implant. The mean LBBP capture threshold at implant was 0.62±0.21 V at 0.4 ms which remained stable during follow-up at 0.65±0.68 V at 0.4ms. In 21 patients with cardiomyopathy, there was a significant improvement in left ventricle ejection fraction from 30±11% to 42±15%. A total of 7 lead-related complications (12.3%) were noted in the follow-up period. Three patients (5.3%) required lead revision during the follow-up period. Interventricular septal perforation occurred (as late sequela) after 2 weeks in one patient.

Conclusions:
LBBP can be achieved with a high success rate and low capture thresholds. Left ventricular dysfunction improved significantly during follow-up. Lead-related complications were relatively common occurring in 12.3% of initially successful implants. Lead revision was required in 3 (5%) of patients.
How Patients With Heart Failure Perform Daily Life Activities
Authors: Mapelli Massimo , Salvioni Elisabetta , Bonomi Alice , Gugliandolo Paola , De Martino Fabiana , Vignati Carlo , Berna Giovanni , Agostoni Piergiuseppe 
Published: November 2020

Background:

Cardiopulmonary exercise test and 6-minute walking test are frequently used tools to evaluate physical performance in heart failure (HF), but they do neither represent activities of daily living (ADLs) nor fully reproduce patients’ symptoms. We assessed differences in task oxygen uptake, both as absolute value and as percentage of peak oxygen consumption (peakVO
2
), ventilation efficiency (VE/VCO
2
ratio), and dyspnea intensity (Borg scale) in HF and healthy subjects during standard ADLs and other common physical actions.

Methods:
Healthy and HF subjects (ejection fraction <45%, stable conditions) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise test. All of them, carrying a wearable metabolic cart, performed a 6-minute walking test, two 4-minute treadmill exercises (at 2 and 3 km/h), and ADLs: ADL1 (getting dressed), ADL2 (folding 8 towels), ADL3 (putting away 6 bottles), ADL4 (making a bed), ADL5 (sweeping the floor for 4 minutes), ADL6 (climbing 1 flight of stairs carrying a load).

Results:

Sixty patients with HF (age 65.2±12.1 years; ejection fraction 30.4±6.7%, peakVO
2
14.2±4.0 mL/[min·kg]) and 40 healthy volunteers (58.9±8.2 years, peakVO
2
28.1±7.4 mL/[min·kg]) were enrolled. For each exercise, patients showed higher VE/VCO
2
ratio, percentage of peakVO
2
, and Borg scale value than controls, while absolute values of task oxygen uptake and exercise duration were lower and higher, respectively, in all activities, except for treadmill (fixed execution time and intensity). Differently from Borg Scale data, metabolic values and exercise time length changed in parallel with HF severity, except for ADL duration in very short (ADL3) and composite (ADL1) activities. Borg scale values correlated with percentage of peakVO
2
.

Conclusions:

During ADLs, patients self-regulated activities in parallel with HF severity by decreasing intensity (VO
2
) and prolonging the effort.
Death of a Partner and Risks of Ischemic Stroke and Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Nationwide Danish Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Fenger‐Grøn Morten , Paulsen Møller Ida , Schou Pedersen Henrik , Frost Lars , Sandbæk Annelli , Davydow Dimitry S. , Johnsen Søren P. , Vinter Nicklas 
Published: November 2020

Background
Stress has been reported to trigger stroke, and the death of a loved one is a potentially extremely stressful experience. Yet, previous studies have yielded conflicting findings of whether bereavement is associated with stroke risk, possibly because of insufficient distinction between ischemic stroke (IS) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We therefore examined the associations between bereavement and IS and ICH separately in contemporary care settings using nationwide high‐quality register resources.

Methods and Results
The study cohort included all Danish individuals whose partner died between 2002 and 2016 and a reference group of cohabiting individuals matched 1:2 on sex, age, and calendar time. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and corresponding 95% CIs during up to 5 years follow‐up. During the study period, 278 758 individuals experienced partner bereavement, of whom 7684 had an IS within the subsequent 5 years (aHR, 1.11; CI, 1.08–1.14 when compared with nonbereaved referents) and 1139 experienced an ICH (aHR, 1.13; CI, 1.04–1.23). For ICH, the estimated association tended to be stronger within the initial 30 days after partner death (aHR, 1.66; CI, 1.06–2.61), especially in women (aHR, 1.99; CI, 1.06–3.75), but the statistical precision was low. In absolute numbers, the cumulative incidence of IS at 30 days was 0.73 per 1000 in bereaved individuals versus 0.63 in their referents, and the corresponding figures for ICH were 0.13 versus 0.08.

Conclusions
Statistically significant positive associations with partner bereavement were documented for both IS and ICH risk, for ICH particularly in the short term. However, absolute risk differences were small.
From Online Gathering to Collective Action at the Criminal Court
Authors: Le Bail Hélène , Chuang (莊雅涵) Ya-Han 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Since 2010, Chinese residents and Chinese French citizens have denounced unequal treatment in French society, especially focusing on the lack of preventative measures taken against racially targeted violent robberies. In 2016, a major demonstration brought together around 30,000 people, marking a turning point in the activists’ cause. The second generation took a clearly more active role in this protest and (re)framed the demonstrators’ claims to emphasize the structural racism that lies behind the violence aimed at their communities. Since then, the descendants of Asian migrants have developed initiatives to fight against stereotypes and related acts of violence. Based on qualitative research into different forms of collective action, this article highlights how some have engaged in online campaigns to highlight the stereotypes and everyday racism associated with Asian populations, and others have engaged with the legal process to see that petty crimes are recognized as acts of racism.
Chaplaincy as a Reframing and Expansion of Youth Ministry – Initiating and Developing an Occupational Standards Ecumenical Project in the UK for Chaplaincy with Ages 5–25
Authors: Nash Sally , Nash Paul , Roberts Nigel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Sometimes churches and Christian groups encounter scepticism or even hostility when they seek to engage with children, young people or young adults (cypya) within their community and have sought models and approaches that would be both accepted and understood. Chaplaincy is one way that some have sought to reframe mission and ministry. Chaplaincy is a distinctive ministry with a long history across many sectors but with no common core understanding. The Centre for Chaplaincy with Children and Young People embarked on a project to develop occupational standards for chaplaincy with cypya through convening a group consisting of chaplaincy leaders from denominations and organizations. The reason for developing occupational standards is to address issues of definition, credibility, measurement, accountability, training, development and audit framework. This article describes the process, underpinning values and theology and presents the twelve standards.
Freire’s Christian Pedagogy in the Professional Narrative of UK Youth Work
Authors: Clyne Allan Robertson 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article celebrates the 50th anniversary of Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed. It responds to the current youth work environment within the UK by examining the differing attitudes and treatment of Freire and his pedagogy within this melded arena. It reveals youth ministry’s and Christian faith-based youth work’s limited engagement with Freire and explains the secularisation of his ideas within the wider youth work field, how they were isolated from his faith, subjugated to the work of Carl Rogers and latterly rebranded as secular Marxist. In contrast, this piece suggests that Paulo Freire’s work should be recognised as a pedagogy drawn from his Christian faith. It concludes by relating his work to Liberation Theology and introduces an interpretation of conscientização as a Christian pedagogy. While Anglo-centric it aims to motivate a discussion amongst Christian faith-based youth workers around the globe, particularly those who contend with the secularisation of Freire’s work.
Efficacy and Complications of Microsurgical Neurovascular Decompression in 55 Patients With Hemifacial Spasm
Authors: Compagnon Chloé , Labrousse Marc , Brenet Esteban , Chays André , Bazin Arnaud , Kleiber Jean‐Charles , Dubernard Xavier 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveTo analyze the efficacy and complications of microvascular decompression for hemifacial spasm.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingRegional hospital.MethodsFifty‐five patients with hemifacial spasm were treated by microvascular decompression. All patients with hemifacial spasm who underwent retrosigmoid microvascular decompression from May 2004 to January 2017 were included. Patients with no conflict on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging or with an alternate diagnosis were excluded.ResultsThe overall cure rate was 83.64%, with an average follow‐up of 7.4 years. A left‐sided hemifacial spasm was a healing‐promoting factor (P =. 01). The median healing was 0.03 months, and the mean was 6 months. The efficacy remained high in the medium term (88% at 3 years), long term (90.24% at 5 years), and very long term (90.48% at 8 years). The recurrence rate was 9.8%. Favorable criteria included a right‐sided spasm (P =. 01) and an average age of 62 years (P =. 03). The specific complications were permanent facial palsy (3.63%), unilateral deafness (5.45%), and hearing loss (3.63%). No death was reported. Regarding the quality of life of the patients, 94.7% had a modified HFS‐8 postoperative score of 0 (Hemifacial Spasm 8 Quality of Life Scale).ConclusionMicrovascular decompression for hemifacial spasm is an effective and lasting technique. Its low rate of complications and the considerable quality‐of‐life improvement should lead surgeons to propose it to patients as soon as botulinum toxin injections become ineffective or poorly tolerated.
One-year experience of bedside percutaneous VA-ECMO decannulation in a high-ECMO-volume center in Hong Kong
Authors: Au Shek-Yin , Chan Kwong-Shun , Fong Ka-Man , Leung Pui-Wah Rowlina , Ng Wing-Yiu George , So Sheung-On , Leung Kit-Hung Anne 
Published: November 2020

Background: When veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) support can be terminated, open repair of arteriotomy wounds in operating theaters is the standard of practice. Comparable outcomes by percutaneous decannulation using different closure devices have been reported. However, transport of the critically- ill, man-power and timeslots of operating theaters could be saved if decannulation was performed at bedside. Method: Bedside percutaneous arteriotomy wound closure became our default method of decannulation since November 2018. We reviewed our 1-year data to evaluate if such practice could be safely adopted in a local high-ECMO-volume center. Results: Between November 2018 and October 2019, 25 patients had their VA-ECMO terminated at the bedside. Twenty-one patients (84%) had successful decannulation. For those who failed, emergency open repair resulted in no additional complications. Two ProGlide devices were used in 15 (71.4%) patients and three were used in 6 (28.6%) patients. The procedure time was 27 (15–45) min. The median blood loss was 300 mL (250–400). Minor complications were found in 4 (19.1%) patients, including two arterial clot formation, one pseudoaneurysm and one wound infection. There were no other major complications. Conclusion: Our 1-year experience showed that percutaneous bedside VA-ECMO decannulation was feasible to commence in a local large-ECMO-volume center.
“Hanging in a balance”: A qualitative study exploring clinicians’ experiences of providing care at the end of life in the burn unit
Authors: Bayuo Jonathan , Bristowe Katherine , Harding Richard , Agbeko Anita Eseenam , Wong Frances Kam Yuet , Agyei Frank Bediako , Allotey Gabriel , Baffour Prince Kyei , Agbenorku Pius , Hoyte-Williams Paa Ekow , Agambire Ramatu 
Published: November 2020

Background: Although the culture in burns/critical care units is gradually evolving to support the delivery of palliative/end of life care, how clinicians experience the end of life phase in the burn unit remains minimally explored with a general lack of guidelines to support them. Aim: To explore the end of life care experiences of burn care staff and ascertain how their experiences can facilitate the development of clinical guidelines. Design: Interpretive-descriptive qualitative approach with a sequential two phased multiple data collection strategies was employed (face to face semi-structured in-depth interviews and follow-up consultative meeting). Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Setting/participants: The study was undertaken in a large teaching hospital in Ghana. Twenty burn care staff who had a minimum of 6 months working experience completed the interviews and 22 practitioners participated in the consultative meeting. Results: Experiences of burn care staff are complex with four themes emerging: (1) evaluating injury severity and prognostication, (2) nature of existing system of care, (3) perceived patient needs, and (4) considerations for palliative care in burns. Guidelines in this regard should focus on facilitating communication between the patient and family and staff, holistic symptom management at the end of life, and post-bereavement support for family members and burn care practitioners. Conclusions: The end of life period in the burn unit is poorly defined coupled with prognostic uncertainty. Collaborative model of practice and further training are required to support the integration of palliative care in the burn unit.
The Effect of Calcium Supplementation on Body Weight Before and During Pregnancy in Women Enrolled in the WHO Calcium and Preeclampsia Trial
Authors: Cormick Gabriela , Betrán Ana Pilar , Harbron Janetta , Seuc Armando , White Cintia , Roberts James M. , Belizán Jose M. , Hofmeyr G. Justus 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Obesity is a major and challenging public health problem. The aim of this substudy is to evaluate the effect of calcium supplementation on body weight in women recruited in the Calcium and Preeclampsia trial. Methods: Women were recruited before pregnancy and randomized to receive a calcium supplement containing 500 mg of elemental calcium or placebo until 20 weeks’ gestation; all women received 1.5 g from 20 weeks until delivery. Results: A total of 630 women conceived during the study, 322 allocated to calcium and 308 to placebo. Among these, 230 allocated to calcium and 227 allocated to placebo had information on body weight at baseline and at 8 weeks' gestation. During the study period, women allocated to calcium had a mean weight increase of 1.1 (SD ±5.5) kg, whereas those allocated to placebo had a mean increase of 1.5 (SD ±6.1) kg, a mean difference of 0.4 kg (95% −0.4 (−1.4 to 0.6); P = .408). Women classified as obese at the start of the trial had a lower body weight gain at 8 weeks’ gestation (1.0 kg; 95% CI: −3.2 to 1.2; P = .330) and at 32 weeks’ gestation (2.1 kg; 95% CI: 5.6-1.3; P = .225) if they received calcium as compared to placebo. However, none of these differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: The smaller increase in body weight found in women supplemented with 500 mg elemental calcium daily is quantitatively consistent with previous studies. However, in this study, the difference was not statistically significant.