bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Systematic Design Methods to Cultural Heritage Preservation
Authors: Fiorineschi Lorenzo , Barsanti Roberta , Cascini Gaetano , Rotini Federico 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The preservation of cultural heritage often involves the design of systems with different purposes, as for example the devices for extraction of data from inaccessible locations and/or demonstrative models. For the latter, when the starting information about the model to be designed is incomplete, the task is not trivial, and different interpretations of the system can lead to different design outcomes. Moreover, other requirements concerning size, materials and interactivity, make this a real engineering design task, where actors with conflicting needs can be involved. Accordingly, to ensure a comprehensive fulfilment of the task, it is possible to follow engineering systematic design approaches that, even if originally developed for the development of industrial systems, can be conveniently used for different fields of application. More specifically, these design methods ensure the design of cost-effective solutions by reducing the useless and costly design iterations that often characterize non-structured procedures. In particular, the present paper shows the application of systematic methods for the interpretation, the design and the development of realistic physical models from some of the Leonardo da Vinci’s machines, for the Museo Leonardiano of Vinci (Italy). The followed approach allowed to efficiently gather the starting list of design requirements, and to engage a successful interaction among the designers, the historians, the museum staff and the architect involved in the showroom design. The key points of the systematic design methodology are presented in this paper, together with some applicative examples from the Da Vinci’s models. Other possible application of systematic design approaches are also presented, with the aim of showing some representative examples were the Engineering design and problem-solving methods can support the preservation of cultural heritage.
HoloCities: A Shared Reality application for Collaborative Tourism
Authors: Iacoviello Roberto , Zappia Davide 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Communication is a key arena for shared-reality application: our mixed reality application is developed on Microsoft Hololens and it has been designed to provide new engaging ways to discover the city using augmented reality. Most augmented reality tourism applications isolate the user, therefore, this application has been made multiplayer and collaborative to encourage shared experiences and socialization. In this project two scenarios are described: In the first scenario there is a real guide that exposes to the group, each equipped with Head Mounted Display, the peculiarities of the monument visited. Each user share the 3D models manipulated by the guide that can be in the same room or it can be a remote guide leveraging on the 5G network low latency. Moreover, the guide could highlight and label to convey relevant information about the objects. While in the second scenario there is no real guide, so the application automatically recognizes the framed monument thanks to a visual search engine running on a 5G-ready infrastructure and shows shared information to the whole group of tourists. Moreover, it uses the huge amount of multimedia data stored in the archives of the Italian Public Broadcaster RAI. Thanks to the fact that the new HMDs are able to track the position and orientation of the user, we have created a menu capable of following the user while exploring the city. Moreover, the shared-interaction with virtual objects is performed by hands or vocal commands. Both scenarios allow users to visit a city in a new and intelligent way, promoting participation and collaboration with others and with the guide, unlike previous approaches that involve only one tourist using the information provided by the app.
The RESEARCH project. Soil-related hazards and archaeological heritage in the challenge of climate change
Authors: De Angeli Stefano , Battistin Fabiana , Serpetti Matteo , Di Iorio Alessio , Valerio Moresi Federico 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Archaeological Heritage, naturally endangered by environmental processes and anthropogenic pressures, is today increasingly at risk, because of intense human activities and climate change, and their impact on atmosphere and soil. European research is increasingly dedicated to the development of good practices for monitoring archaeological sites and their preservation. One of the running projects about these topics is RESEARCH (Remote Sensing techniques for Archaeology; H2020-MSCA-RISE, grant agreement: 823987), started in 2018 and ending in 2022. RESEARCH aims at testing risk assessment methodology using an integrated system of documentation and research in the fields of archaeology and environmental studies. It will introduce a strategy and select the most efficient tools for the harmonization of different data, criteria, and indicators in order to produce an effective risk assessment. These will be used to assess and monitor the impact of soil erosion, land movement, and land-use change on tangible archaeological heritage assets. As a final product, the Project addresses the development of a multi-task thematic platform, combining advanced remote sensing technologies with GIS application. The demonstration and validation of the Platform will be conducted on six case studies located in Italy, Greece, Cyprus, and Poland, and variously affected by the threats considered by the Project. In the frame of RISE (Research and Innovation Staff Exchange), RESEARCH will coordinate the existing expertise and research efforts of seven beneficiaries into a synergetic plan of collaborations and exchanges of personnel (Ph.D. students and research staff), to offer a comprehensive transfer of knowledge and training environment for the researchers in the specific area. This paper aims at illustrating the results of the activities conducted during the first year of the Project, which consisted in developing an effective risk assessment methodology for soil-related threats affecting archaeological heritage, and defining the scientific requirements and the user requirements of the Platform. The activities have been conducted in synergy with all the Partners and were supported by the possibility of staff exchange allowed by the funding frame MSCA-RISE.
The path of Cham cultural heritage
Authors: Minh Hung Ngo , Noseworthy William B. , Van Son Quang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper reviews and re-assesses the contemporary state of research on Cham cultural heritage sites, which are associated with the pre-modern Champa civilization in Vietnam. For this purpose, architectural heritage, sculptures, and museums related to the potential of common interests are taken into consideration across the intersection of the local Cham community, the Vietnamese government, and international scholars. There are some conflicts between these interested parties, which have resulted from unequal dynamics, which occasionally result in lasting tensions and errors in judgement. Our research findings result in an actionable plan with systematic solutions, which we outline in this paper. We argue the proposed plan will improve the management, conservation, and promote Cham cultural heritage sites more sustainably.
Safeguarding Portuguese traditional glazed tile cultural heritage with GIS
Authors: Santos Bertha , Gonçalves Jorge , Martins Ana M. T. , Almeida Pedro G. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Portuguese word for traditional glazed tile is “azulejo” and derives from the Arabic “azuleicha”, meaning ‘small polished stone’. Deeply embedded in Portugal’s history and culture, there are countless valuable examples of traditional glazed tiles all around the country that are a significant part of the Portuguese cultural heritage and must be safeguarded and protected. In recent years there has been an increased demand for individual tiles and panels by tourist, leading to a serious national problem not only with the tiles’ theft, but also with the built environment dilapidation. This paper introduces the role that Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can play in the preservation and safeguard of traditional Portuguese glazed tile heritage, specifically on the record of these architectural elements. This technology is worldwide used to locate, inventory, manage and support heritage preservation, providing local authorities with a tool to manage tile architectural heritage interventions, enhance tourism purposes and preventing theft and illegal sale. The presented work results from a partnership between the University of Beira Interior (UBI) and Covilhã Municipality (Portugal) for the inventory of the city tile heritage. Record information sheets were developed with relevant information about the location, cultural, historic and photographic tile data. The information collected from 70 tile works was used to develop a GIS tool for glazed tile coated building facades, decorative glazed tile wall panels and toponymical glazed tile plates. The results of the first stage of GIS implementation were validated by both the research team and the municipality, foreseeing its expansion and daily use in the management of traditional Portuguese glazed tile heritage.
“The Chiesa della Madonna dei Mali (Ferrandina, Italy) in VR”: Virtual Reality for inaccessible cultural heritage in peripheral areas
Authors: Pecci Antonio , Campanile Ida 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Today the VR (Virtual Reality) enable us to enter into fantasy or real other worlds to experience a growing emotional and interaction involvement. Frequently, the Virtual Reality is correlated with activities and experiences that are tricky to realize, as, for example, the discovery of the sea depths or the flying on the sky, or the discover of village and landscapes thousands of km away from us. Over the last years, VR technologies have largely applicate for a digital fruition of cultural heritage. Some examples are the observation of monumental build or virtually rebuilt archaeological sites, experiences that provide impressive and innovative virtual activities. In many cases, it is a only alternative option for discovering archeological sites in private properties or dangerous to visit and to see inaccessible cultural heritage in peripheral areas. In this work, one example of application of virtual reality is discussed: The Chiesa della Madonna dei Mali (Ferrandina, near Matera). This is a famous rural chapel localized in a country area of Ferrandina, far from the classic tourist itineraries of the city, and it contains a cycle of frescoes by Pietro Antonio Ferro, one of the most important painters of the seventeenth century in Basilicata.
REMEMBER: an Adriatic network of Virtual Museums to highlight ports culture, traditions and history
Authors: Bosello Federica , Colli Cristiana , Clini Paolo , Dražić Ivana , Dražina Domagoj , Pugliese Andrea , Quattrini Ramona , Vettorel Guido 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper presents an on-going Interreg Italy-Croatia project, funded in the period 2019-2021 under the specific objective “Make natural and cultural heritage a leverage for sustainable and more balanced territorial development (3.1)”. The project REMEMBER (REstoring the MEmory of Adriatic ports sites. Maritime culture to foster Balanced tERritorial growth) has the overall objective to promote the shift toward sustainable tourism and blue growth in the Programme area through the valorization of the important maritime cultural tangible and intangible heritage of 8 Adriatic Italian and Croatian ports sites. The joint valorization will be carried out by the 10 project partners, with cross-cutting competences and multidisciplinary experience. Mainly REMEMBER project aims at increasing the attractiveness of local economies through the use of ICT for the digitalization of cultural contents and to differentiate the touristic offer reducing the tourism seasonality. At the current stage, the project has set up the methodological and theoretical framework in order to instantiate the Virtual Museums for the 8 ports. This common concept envisaged the development of a cloud based tool as first gate of the Virtual Museum project and provided all Project Partners with a baseline for setting up cultural and technological virtual museums, for the enhancement and promotion of ports cultural elements during the project implementation. The technical work packages, presented in the paper, establish also a common set of information as basis to reach the same digital outputs, compliant with the project goals: these outputs are called Digital Experiences and are connected to state of art technologies, enabling the dissemination of the tangible and intangible heritage related to eight port cities.
Innovative solutions for prehistoric paintings - atmospheric pressure plasma and phosphate consolidant for the preservation of the Magura Cave (Bulgaria)
Authors: Stefanova M , Kamenarov Z , Sassoni E , Franzoni E , Ripà M , Patelli A , Sakaj M , Scopece P , Verga Falzacappa E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present study tackles the problem of a sustainable and efficient conservation of cave art, by using innovative materials and techniques for the different steps of the restoration process - Biodeactivation, Biocolonization prevention and Consolidation. The Magura cave in northwest Bulgaria is the case study. It contains an impressive display of prehistoric paintings made of guano as far back as 5’500 years ago. In the last forty years the cave suffered progressive microbial colonization. The detrimental effects are biofilm formation, physical penetration into the stone and chemical reaction with the stone/paintings by pigments. Therefore, as a first step, we investigated biodeactivation by non-thermal plasma sterilization. The oxidative atmosphere obtained introducing Ar/O2 (0.2 and 0.1) in the plasma device, was carried out on lab samples inoculated with the targeted for Magura Cave microorganisms. The main advantage of the non-contact treatment with atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) is the lack of any mechanical and chemical modification of the underlying stone/guano layers. As for sterilization of wounds on human skin the plasma treatment on wet surfaces produces mainly hydrogen peroxide and nitrates which lead to a localized reduction of the pH. The obtained biodeactivation is assured without heat (< 40 °C), toxic and environmentally harmful liquid. In a second step, we tested two possible alternatives for consolidation of the cave. A commercial ethyl silicate (ES) product was compared with an innovative phosphate treatment, based on application of a hydro-alcoholic solution of a phosphate salt (diammonium hydrogen phosphate, DAP). The consolidation efficiency and compatibility of the ES and DAP consolidants were investigated on samples representative for the Magura Cave substrate, i.e. stone alone and stone covered with guano to resemble the prehistoric drawings. In addition, a combination of plasma activation of the stone surface and consolidation was tested, to investigate whether the two treatments may have a synergistic effect, thus making the combined treatment more efficient than consolidation alone.
Towards the development of a cloud-based BIM platform and VR apps for complex heritage sites subject to the risk of flood and water level changes
Authors: Banfi Fabrizio , Previtali Mattia , Brumana Raffaella 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
3D acquisition methods and systems for totally or partially submerged cultural heritage (CH) allow the developments of methods able to integrate complex BIM projects for rivers, lakes, maritime structures and infrastructures with the world of Virtual Reality (VR) and BIM monitoring. Thanks to an open approach this paper shows the results obtained in the field of programming language for the development of an open-source BIM platform able to get e fusion between the application fields of BIM sensor, monitoring, historic building information modelling (HBIM) and VR. Several preliminary test results are reported in order to show the potential of the proposed method for multiple research case studies, and also proposing future perspectives and developments oriented to get a holistic, inclusive and unified platform able to manage complex scenarios accurately such heritage sites subject to the risk of flood and water level changes.
STORM Policies and Recommendations – a new vision for authorities, first responders and civil protection towards an effective protection of cultural heritage.
Authors: Bizarro Alcides F , Alexandre Luís V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Every year, cultural heritage all over the world is lost or damaged under the devastating impact of climate change and natural hazards. Many times these damages are irreversible and often result from insufficient and disjointed preparedness systems, unable to cope with these threats. Awareness of this situation and the urgent need to find solutions for it has been a motivational call to taking actions towards the raising of consciousness of all involved, the incentive to training and the sharing of good practices. Project STORM -Safeguarding Cultural Heritage through Technical and Organisational Resources Management (funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme – H2020-DRS-11-2015: Disaster Resilience & Climate), introduced a new vision for authorities, first responders and civil protection services towards cultural heritage, by proposing new policies and recommendations. This new paradigm based on the STORM experience sets the way towards the implementation of an overtly risk-oriented approach to the preservation of heritage sites, following the objectives that guided the STORM project through the development of new operative proposal – STORM 5 Cs – for different levels of intervention and responsibilities, namely: Heritage Conservation and management guidelines and procedures at site and government levels; Communication between climate researchers and heritage managers, including government authorities, in particular concerning the scientific body of knowledge built on climate change, aiming to improve adaptation strategies; Coping and adaptive capacities of heritage sites and organisations to meet their specific risks, and namely the actions that may enhance their resilience facing disasters; Cooperation between the different actors involved in the disaster risk management (DRM) of cultural heritage, which is demonstrably a cross-sectorial endeavour; Capacity building of heritage professionals, as well as of other pertinent stakeholders, via training and education at diverse levels in site-specific DRM measures and climate change adaptation. Regarding the safeguarding policies for cultural heritage to face natural hazards, STORM recommends the adoption of disaster reduction policies that lead to the creation of effective natural disaster reduction, i.e., the adoption of a new pathway that takes us from safeguard to effective protection of cultural heritage.
Safeguarding Cultural Heritage using novel technologies: The perspective from a UK volunteer-led site
Authors: Humphrey-Taylor Bob , James Williamson Robert , Nevell Michael 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Continuing anthropogenic induced climate change poses risks to Cultural Heritage (CH) across the world. In the UK, concerns about future flood risks, increased number of heatwaves and changes to freeze-thaw cycles are at the forefront for managers of CH assets. Importantly, in the UK, and unlike many European countries, cultural, natural and built heritage sites are often run by or with the help of groups of volunteers, whether that being at a national level working in partnership with organisations like Historic England or at a local level with small community trusts. Mellor Archaeological Trust is one such local charity which aims to preserve, maintain and protect the local CH assets for our community and future generations. Climate change and its impacts are, therefore, a big concern for the trust as it looks to plan for the future. After a successful pilot of the STORM service, Mellor was able to demonstrate how the use of inexpensive and novel technologies can help small and large volunteer-led organisations in protecting heritage whilst ensuring that correct procedures are followed. In this paper, we demonstrate the successful use of the STORM service from a UK perspective explaining the benefits and drawbacks and highlight how such services should be utilised by other organisations.
Choosing the optimal order within reconfigurable manufacturing systems based on the Earning Power value
Authors: Marinescu V , Teodor F , Maier C , Paunoiu V , Epureanu A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper will be presented the method of choosing an optimal order within a Reconfigurable Manufacturing System (RMS). The reconfigurable manufacturing systems for which we perform the analysis of optimal management belong to make-to-order (MTO) production companies. These companies start the manufacturing process based on the needs of the customers. After the content of the customers orders has been known and accepted they will deliver personalized products, provided that the cost of the production is minimum. A Virtual Workshop will be created associated with each manufacturing order with well-specified requirements (DD - DeadDate, TTF - TimeToFinish, EP - Earning Power). The workshops and orders will be transposed into a Petri net based on the new created three-dimensional model RPD3D [2]. The 3D network will be used to simulate the products manufacturing included in the orders in the virtual workshops and then the optimal order that will actually be produced on RMS from several possible orders based on the evaluation of the indicator called specific profit rate “earning power”-EP will be choosen. In this paper, we aim also to calculate the EP value of the RMS, as the most important evaluation criterion, if a certain command or a combination of commands is accepted. A study case is presented.
Dehydration process in 1D ammonium lead halide and mixing of organic cations in hybrid perovskites through mechanosynthesis
Authors: Prisinzano Laura , Delmonte Davide , Ravaglia Kevin Carlo , Vit Valentina , Righi Lara 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Organic-lead halide perovskites have attracted much attention as a promising material for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. However, the broad commercial use of such materials is hindered by their chemical instability. The detrimental processes of degradation often involve the occurrence of hydrated compounds. However, the knowledge of some aspects related to the thermal stability of hydrated lead halides compounds is still very limited. In this work, we report the structural study dealing with the formation of NH4PbI3 obtained by removing crystallization water from NH4PbI3 (H2O)2 with thermal treatment. The hydrated compound is prepared by solvent-free grinding applied on a mixture of NH4I and PbI2 powders. Upon heating, the structural evolution of the de-hydration process, monitored by powder x-ray diffraction, consists in the rearrangement of the 1D chains of octahedral PbI6 units throughout rotations around a specific crystallographic axis. Besides, the fabrication of the solid solution (CH3NH3)1-x(NH4)xPbI3 with x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 is attempted with different conditions of mechanosynthesis. The experimental results confirmed the limited solubility of the NH4
+ group in the methylammonium lead iodate perovskite with a maximal substitution limit of 5%.