bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benzimidazole Derivative Ameliorates Opioid-Mediated Tolerance during Anticancer- Induced Neuropathic Pain in Mice
Authors: Akhtar Sana , Abbas Muzaffar , Naeem Komal , Faheem Muhammad , Nadeem Humaira , Mehmood Amber 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Cancer is known to be the second significant cause of death worldwide. Chemotherapeutic
agents such as platinum-based compounds are frequently used single-handedly or accompanied by additional
chemotherapies to treat cancer patients. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral painful neuropathy is seen in
around 40% of patients who are treated with platinum-based compounds, including cisplatin. This not only
decreases the quality of life of patients but also patients’ compliance with cisplatin.

Objectives:
Nalbuphine, an opioid, is frequently used to treat acute and chronic pain, coupled with cisplatin in
cancer patients. However, long term use of nalbuphine induces tolerance to its analgesic effects. We employed
the same strategy to induce tolerance in mice.

Methods:
Here, we investigated analgesic effects of 2-[(pyrrolidin-1-yl) methyl]-1H-benzimidazole (BNZ), a
benzimidazole derivative, on nalbuphine-induced tolerance during cisplatin-induced neuropathic pain using hot
plate test, tail-flick tests and von Frey filament in mouse models. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of
BNZ on the expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the spinal cord.

Results:
The results showed that BNZ reduced tolerance to analgesic effects of nalbuphine and TNF-α expression
in mice.

Conclusion:
BNZ could be a potential drug candidate for the management of nalbuphine-induced tolerance in
cisplatin-induced neuropathic pain.
Indazole as a Privileged Scaffold: The Derivatives and their Therapeutic Applications
Authors: Qin Jinling , Cheng Weyland , Duan Yong-Tao , Yang Hua , Yao Yongfang 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Heterocyclic compounds, also called heterocycles, are a major class of organic chemical
compound that plays a vital role in the metabolism of all living cells. The heterocyclic compound, indazole,
has attracted more attention in recent years and is widely present in numerous commercially available drugs.
Indazole-containing derivatives, representing one of the most important heterocycles in drug molecules, are
endowed with a broad range of biological properties.

Methods:
A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science regarding articles
related to indazole and its therapeutic application.

Results:
The mechanism and structure-activity relationship of indazole and its derivatives were described. Based
on their versatile biological activities, the compounds were divided into six groups: anti-inflammatory, antibacterial,
anti-HIV, antiarrhythmic, antifungal and antitumour. At least 43 indazole-based therapeutic agents were
found to be used in clinical application or clinical trials.

Conclusion:
This review is a guide for pharmacologists who are in search of valid preclinical/clinical drug
compounds where the progress of approved marketed drugs containing indazole scaffold is examined from 1966
to the present day. Future direction involves more diverse bioactive moieties with indazole scaffold and greater
insights into its mechanism.
Selfie Behaviors and Personality Traits: More than Meets the Eye
Authors: Mihailescu Alexandra M. 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Selfies are a rising phenomenon associated with the widespread use of smartphones and social media. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between different personality traits and selfie behaviors.

Methods:
Undergraduate psychology students were asked to complete a questionnaire about their frequency of selfie taking, selfie posting to social media, and selfie sharing through private messaging. They were also asked to complete the Rosenberg 10-item self-esteem scale and the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP)-50 item scale to evaluate the Big Five personality traits.

Results:
A total of 96 participants were included in this study (mean age ± standard deviation of 26.4 ± 9.0 years, 81.3% women). On univariate analysis there was a significant negative correlation between the frequency of selfie taking (Spearman r = -0.228, p = 0.025) or posting (Spearman r = -0.238, p = 0.025) and emotional stability. However, on multivariate linear regression analysis adjusting for age among other factors, only self-esteem was independently and negatively correlated with the frequency of selfie taking (beta = -0.206, p = 0.020) or posting (beta = -0.233, p = 0.020), with the effect most notable in young (<25 years) individuals for selfie taking. Extraversion was independently and positively correlated with the frequency of selfie sharing (beta = 0.264, p = 0.005), with the effect most notable in young (<25 years) women.

Conclusion:
Findings from this study further expand our knowledge of the relationship between different personality traits and rising digital media phenomena.
Investigation of the Behavior of Output Variables for Arbitrary Inputs to high Voltage Direct Current Power System Modeling Using Lyapunov Function Nonlinear Control Model
Authors: Goughari Rohollah S. , Shahbazzadeh Mehdi J. , Eslami Mahdieh 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Until now, a variety of proportional integral controllers and local controllers and predictive
controller models have been used to stabilize VSC-HVDC transmission lines. One of the disadvantages of a linear model
predictive control is that it is difficult and time consuming to adjust it for times when the disturbance entering the system
is sudden. the goal is to monitor and take appropriate action to balance power and eliminate voltage or current that has
exceeded the allowable limit.

Methods:
The way it works is that first, the DC current and the measured voltage of converter power source (VSC) is supplied
based on various factors, and then the converters slowly begin to track the desired reference value, and this
continues until the power sources adjusted according to current and voltage limits.

Results:
To achieve this goal, this paper examines recent articles on the modeling of VSC-HVDC power transmission
systems and a comprehensive model has been chosen that has not been published for several months since its publication.
Next, to control the se-lected model, the combined control strategy of nonlinear predictive based on the Lyapunov
function is used to ensure the stability of the system.

Conclusion:
The results of the implementation of this control strategy on the HVDC power transmission system model in
MATLAB soft-ware express the ability of this controller to track the reference input values.
Evaluation of an Adaptive Implementation Program for Cognitive Adaptation Training for People With Severe Mental Illness: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van Dam Michelle Thalia , van Weeghel Jaap , Castelein Stynke , Pijnenborg Gerdina Hendrika Maria , van der Meer Lisette 
Published: August 2020

Background
Cognitive Adaptation Training is a psychosocial intervention that focuses on reducing the negative effects of cognitive disorders, especially executive functions such as planning and targeted action. International research has shown that Cognitive Adaptation Training enhances multiple aspects of daily functioning in people with severe mental illnesses. Despite this evidence, implementation of the intervention into routine care remains a challenge.

Objective
In this implementation research, a newly developed implementation program based on previous experience and scientific literature, is tested. The primary aim of this research is to assess the effectiveness of the implementation program. The secondary aim of this study is to evaluate the factors that impede or facilitate the implementation of Cognitive Adaptation Training.

Methods
To test the effectiveness of the implementation program, a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted comparing the implementation program to a single training program in four mental health institutions in The Netherlands. Focus groups, semistructured interviews, and questionnaires were used at multiple levels of service delivery (service user, professional, team, organization) to identify factors that may hamper or facilitate implementation. The RE-AIM framework was applied to measure the implementation effectiveness. Following this framework, the primary outcomes were Reach, Intervention Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance. These are assessed before, during, and after implementation. The research had a total duration of 14 months, with a follow-up measurement at 14 months. Data will be analyzed using multilevel modeling.

Results
The study was funded in April 2018. Data collection occurred between November 2018 and January 2020. In total, 21 teams of 4 mental health institutions agreed to participate. Data analysis is ongoing and results are expected to be published in December 2020.

Conclusions
This implementation research may provide important information about the implementation of psychosocial interventions in practice and may result in a program that is useful for Cognitive Adaptation Training, and possibly for psychosocial interventions in general.

Trial Registration
The Netherlands Trial Register (NL7989); https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7989.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/17412
Google Trends Insights Into Reduced Acute Coronary Syndrome Admissions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infodemiology Study
Authors: Senecal Conor , Gulati Rajiv , Lerman Amir 
Published: August 2020

Background
During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, a reduction in the presentation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) has been noted in several countries. However, whether these trends reflect a reduction in ACS incidence or a decrease in emergency room visits is unknown. Using Google Trends, queries for chest pain that have previously been shown to closely correlate with coronary heart disease were compared with searches for myocardial infarction and COVID-19 symptoms.

Objective
The current study evaluates if search terms (or topics) pertaining to chest pain symptoms correlate with the reported decrease in presentations of ACS.

Methods
Google Trends data for search terms “chest pain,” “myocardial infarction,” “cough,” and “fever” were obtained from June 1, 2019, to May 31, 2020. Related queries were evaluated for a relationship to coronary heart disease.

Results
Following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, chest pain searches increased in all countries studied by at least 34% (USA P=.003, Spain P=.007, UK P=.001, Italy P=.002), while searches for myocardial infarction dropped or remained unchanged. Rising searches for chest pain included “coronavirus chest pain,” “home remedies for chest pain,” and “natural remedies for chest pain.” Searches on COVID-19 symptoms (eg, cough, fever) rose initially but returned to baseline while chest pain–related searches remained elevated throughout May.

Conclusions
Search engine queries for chest pain have risen during the pandemic as have related searches with alternative attribution for chest pain or home care for chest pain, suggesting that recent drops in ACS presentations may be due to patients avoiding the emergency room and potential treatment in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Postangiography Increases in Serum Creatinine and Biomarkers of Injury and Repair
Authors: Liu Caroline , Mor Maria K. , Palevsky Paul M. , Kaufman James S. , Thiessen Philbrook Heather , Weisbord Steven D. , Parikh Chirag R. 
Published: August 2020

Background and objectivesIt is unknown whether iodinated contrast causes kidney parenchymal damage. Biomarkers that are more specific to nephron injury than serum creatinine may provide insight into whether contrast-associated AKI reflects tubular damage. We assessed the association between biomarker changes after contrast angiography with contrast-associated AKI and 90-day major adverse kidney events and death.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe conducted a longitudinal analysis of participants from the biomarker substudy of the Prevention of Serious Adverse Events following Angiography trial. We measured injury (kidney injury molecule-1, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, IL-18) and repair (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, uromodulin, YKL-40) proteins from plasma and urine samples at baseline and 2–4 hours postangiography. We assessed the associations between absolute changes and relative ratios of biomarkers with contrast-associated AKI and 90-day major adverse kidney events and death.ResultsParticipants (n=922) were predominately men (97%) with diabetes (82%). Mean age was 70±8 years, and eGFR was 48±13 ml/min per 1.73 m2; 73 (8%) and 60 (7%) participants experienced contrast-associated AKI and 90-day major adverse kidney events and death, respectively. No postangiography urine biomarkers were associated with contrast-associated AKI. Postangiography plasma kidney injury molecule-1 and IL-18 were significantly higher in participants with contrast-associated AKI compared with those who did not develop contrast-associated AKI: 428 (248, 745) versus 306 (179, 567) mg/dl;P=0.04 and 325 (247, 422) versus 280 (212, 366) mg/dl;P=0.009, respectively. The majority of patients did not experience an increase in urine or plasma biomarkers. Absolute changes in plasma IL-18 were comparable in participants with contrast-associated AKI (−30 [−71, −9] mg/dl) and those without contrast-associated AKI (−27 [−53, −10] mg/dl;P=0.62). Relative ratios of plasma IL-18 were also comparable in participants with contrast-associated AKI (0.91; 0.86, 0.97) and those without contrast-associated AKI (0.91; 0.85, 0.96;P=0.54).ConclusionsThe lack of significant differences in the absolute changes and relative ratios of injury and repair biomarkers by contrast-associated AKI status suggests that the majority of mild contrast-associated AKI cases may be driven by hemodynamic changes at the kidney.
Southern Yemeni Pharmacy Dispensers ' Understanding, Attitudes and Perceived Barriers Related to Pharmaceutical Care
Authors: Alawi Shuhd , Al-Abd Nazeh , Rageh Ali , Badulla Wafa F.S. , Alshakka Mohammed 
Published: August 2020

Background: Pharmaceutical care (PC) is the value of a practice that includes recognizing and solving medication therapy issues to improve patient outcomes. Studies regarding this issue in Yemen are very limited.
Objectives: The study aims to assess the perception of community pharmacists to the concept of Pharmaceutical care and the obstacles that limit the provision of pharmaceutical care.
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study of community pharmacy dispensers (CPDs) was conducted among pharmacists and pharmacy technicians working in community pharmacies in different areas of South Yemen from September 2019 until December 2019. The structured self-administered questionnaires consist of four sections dealing with the demographics of participants and their understanding of the concept of pharmaceutical care and their attitudes and obstacles to the implementation of pharmaceutical care in Yemen. The collected data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0
Results: A total of Two-hundred pharmacists were included in this study. The result revealed that there were a reasonable number of experts (over 5 years' experience) and educated pharmacists( Diploma and bachelor’s degree) available for counseling patients about specific issues in the community pharmacies. Interestingly, all the respondents had good knowledge of pharmaceutical care and the majority of the pharmacists (87.5%) had a favorable attitude toward pharmaceutical care and their role in the health care system. The overall results relating to the perceived frequency of community pharmacy services provision was lower than (50%) in most statements. The result indicated a gap in the community pharmacists' communication with the patients. There are several barriers impedes the active and effective involvement of community pharmacists such as; insufficient communication with physicians, lack of physical space for pharmaceutical care, the slow introduction of pharmacists’ law, and others.
Conclusion: The results revealed that pharmacists' understanding of the pharmaceutical care concept is good despite that there was no real implementation of pharmaceutical care. Even though they had positive attitudes towards the concept but there were many barriers to the effective application.
Keywords: Pharmaceutical Care Concept; Community Pharmacists; South Yemen
Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Uncoated Bilayer Tablet of Anti-Hypertensive Agents
Authors: Gandhi Kunjan , Shah Sunil Kumar , Tyagi C K , Budholiya Prabhakar , Pandey Harish 
Published: August 2020

The present research work was carried out to Formulate and evaluation of bilayer tablet dosage form for the treatment of Hypertension.The objective of this study to compare the specific characteristics of Metoprolol [beta selective (cardio selective) adrenoreceptor blocking agent] and Hydrochlorothiazide (Thiazide Diuretics]) in order to design stable formulation. It can be concluded that bilayer tablet were successfully formulated to achieve immediate release of Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) and tailored release of Metoprolol (MPL)by using Dual Release Drug Absorption System(DUREDAS technology).Both drugs were found to be stable in Bilayer tablet formulation and were found to be stable for few months. This bilayer tablet dosage form increases the stability which may reduce loss and cost of formulation. It improves the benefits of producer, retailer, and patients. Recently, greater attention has been focused on development of bilayer tablet formulations. Over the past 30 years, the expenses and complications involved in marketing new drug entities have increased with concomitant recognition of therapeutic advantages of conventional drug delivery system. Several pharmaceutical companies are currently developing bi-layer tablets, for a variety of reasons: patent extension, efficient pharmacological effect, better patient compliance, etc. Bilayer tablet is becoming new approach for the successful drug delivery system and for better stability in combination. Bilayer tablets can be primary option to avoid chemical incompatibilities between APIs by physical separation.
Keywords: Bilayer tablet, DUREDAS Technology, Antihypertensive, Metoprolol, Hydrochlorthiazide
Adolescent brain and nicotine
Authors: Del Ciampo Luiz Antonio , Del Ciampo Ieda Regina Lopes 
Published: August 2020

Adolescence is a period of transition between childhood and adulthood that involves major changes in development in the physical, psychological, social and neurobiological domains. During this phase of life, multiple physical and emotional events occur throughout the body, markedly in the central nervous system, regulated by neurohormones, which are fundamental for human development, responsible for changes in thoughts, attitudes and behaviors that culminate in complete maturity for a laborious and reproductive life. Due to the lability of the neurological tissue in this period, external aggressions by means of chemical substances can cause serious and lasting effects. Nicotine is one of the substances considered legal and that more easily the adolescent comes into contact early, and can cause many harm to current and future health. This article presents some characteristics of the development of the adolescent's nervous system and the deleterious actions that can be caused by nicotine in its various forms of social presentation.
Keywords: Adolescence – nicotine – smoking – nicotine addiction
Comparative extraction, phytochemical screening and in vitro biological activities of Eclipta prostrata extract
Authors: Khan Zafar Alam , Khare Salaj , Dubey B.K. 
Published: August 2020

Medicinal plants possess therapeutic potential and are used to treat various diseases around the world. Eclipta prostrate (L.) is a medicinal herb that has extensive application in the native medicinal system. In any therapeutic activity chemical constituents play an important role. Eclipta prostrata has been investigated in this study for its antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic activity in vitro. The well-known research protocol available in the literature established qualitative analysis of the different phytochemical constituents and quantitative analysis of total phenol and flavonoids. The hydroalcoholic extracts of the leaves and seeds of Eclipta prostrata exhibited significant and dose-dependent antioxidant activity including ability to donate electron. To analyze the antimicrobial activity, Leaves hydroalcoholic extracts and Eclipta prostrate seeds were tested against two selected strains using a well-diffusion method and showing significant inhibitory action against all the strain tested. In addition, the dose-dependent α-amylase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of acarbose, leaves, and seed extract was found to be 364.89μg/ml and 438.43μg/ml, respectively, indicating that Eclipta prostrate is a promising source as an herbal medicine.
Keywords: Eclipta prostrate, Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic Activity.
A Case Report on Iactrogenic Cushing Syndrome with Scabies and Oral Candidiasis
Authors: Faizan Md Abdullah , Baleeqhuddin Mohammed , Ali Salman Mir 
Published: August 2020

Cushing syndrome is a condition characterized by high blood levels of cortisol or other exogenous compounds of glucocorticoids. This can be iatrogenic or endogenous cortisol secretion, due to the either an adrenal tumor or hyper secretion of adrenotropic hormone by the pituitary gland. Due immunosuppression patient are prone to more infectious diseases. Here the patient is diagnoses with oral candidiasis and scabies. Clinical investigation was carried out and laboratory investigations like Cortisol level in morning and evening, complete blood picture. He was provided with treatment of hydrocortisone, anti-fungal agents, anti-parasitic agents and skin moisturizer.
Keywords: Iactrogenic Cushing syndrome, Candidiasis, Scabies, Cortisol, Corticosteroid.
Therapies under Investigation for Treatment of Covid-19: A Review
Authors: Adewumi Odunayo Ayodeji , Singh Vijender , Singh Gunjan 
Published: August 2020

The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection, more commonly referred to as COVID-19, has rapidly developed into a worldwide pandemic with a significant health burden. At the time of this research there are no approved pharmacological treatments or preventative therapeutic strategies in place to combat the infection. However, globally, hundreds of clinical studies that aim to discover effective COVID-19 treatments are ongoing. This article summarises the rationale behind several of these interventional trials, including evidence from in vitro studies, and early results to provide an insight into the global response. As patients are being enrolled in clinical trials across the UK, some of the safety and practical considerations for the investigational medicines that pharmacists are most likely to encounter in practice are discussed as part of this review.
Keywords: coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCoV; clinical trial; remdesivir; favipiravir; hydroxychloroquine; lopinavir; ritonavir; corticosteroids; interferons.