bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Frailty among Community-Dwelling Older Chinese Adults and its Predictors: Evidence from a Two-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Ye Bo , Author) Hao Chen(Former Corresponding , Huang Limei , Ruan Ye , Qi Shige , Guo Yanfei , Huang Zhezhou , Sun Shuangyuan , Chen Xiuqin , Shi Yan , Author) Junling Gao(New Corresponding , Jiang Yonggen 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Understanding the characteristics related to frailty transitions will allow for better future health practice and healthcare strategies. We evaluated the changes in frailty among community-dwelling older adults and to examine the predictors of the changes in frailty.
Methods: A total of 4050 community residents aged ≥ 60 years were recruited in 2015 with follow-up after 2 years. At baseline, a multiple deficits approach was used to construct the Frailty Index (FI) according to the methodology of FI construction, and sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyles were also collected. The transitions in frailty between baseline and 2-year follow-up were evaluated. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine associations between predictors and the changes of frailty, adjusting for all of the covariates.
Results: Of all of the 3988 participants at baseline, those with frailty status of robust, prefrail, and frail were 79.5%, 16.4%, and 4.1%, and these changed to 68.2%, 23.0%, and 8.8% after 2 years with 127 deceased and 23 dropped out. Twelve kinds of transitions from baseline of the three frailty statuses to four outcomes at follow-up (including death) significantly differed within each of gender and age group, as well between genders and age groups. Among these, 7.8% of prefrail or frail elders improved, 70.0% retained their frailty status, and 22.2% of robust or prefrail elders worsened in frailty status. In multivariable models, age was significantly associated with changes in frailty except for in the frail group; higher educational level and working predicted a lower risk of robust worsening. Of the lifestyle predictors, no shower facilities at home predicted a higher risk of robust worsening; more frequent physical exercise predicted a lower risk of robust worsening and a higher chance of frailty improvement; more frequent neighbor interaction predicted a lower risk of robust worsening and prefrail worsening; and more frequent social participation predicted a higher chance of prefrail improvement.
Conclusions: The status of frailty was reversible among community-dwelling elderly, and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors were related to changes in frailty. These findings help health practitioners to recognize susceptible individuals in a community and provide health promotional planning to target aged populations.
One-step RT-qPCR assay for ZIKV RNA detection in Aedes aegypti samples: A protocol to study infection &amp; gene expression during ZIKV infection
Authors: Araujo Ricardo Vieira , Feitosa-Suntheimer Fabiana , Gold Alexander S. , Londono-Renteria Berlin , Colpitts Tonya Michelle 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) is transmitted to humans during the bite of an infected mosquito. In a scenario of globalization and climate change, the frequency of outbreaks has and will increase in areas with competent vectors, revealing a need for continuous improvement of ZIKV detection tools in vector populations. A simple, rapid and sensitive assay for viral detection is qRT-PCR, yet oligos optimized for ZIKV detection in mammalian cells and samples have repeatedly shown high background when used on mosquito RNA. In this work we present a one-step qRT-PCR protocol that allows for the detection of ZIKV in mosquitoes and for the evaluation of gene expression from the same mosquito sample and RNA. This assay is a less expensive qRT-PCR approach than that most frequently used in the literature and has a much lower background, allowing for confident detection. Methods: Our new oligo design to detect ZIKV RNA included in silico analysis of both viral and mosquito ( Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus )genomes, targeting sequences conserved between Asian and African ZIKV lineages, but not matching Aedes genomes. This assay will allow researchers to avoid nonspecific amplification in insect samples due to viral integration into the mosquito genome, a phenomenon known to happen in wild and colonized populations of mosquitoes. Standard curves constructed with in vitro transcribed ZIKV RNA were used to optimize the sensitivity, efficiency and reproducibility of the assay. Results: Finally, the assay was used with success to detect both ZIKV RNA in infected mosquitoes and to detect expression of the Defensin A gene, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) involved in Aedes aegypti immune response to virus infection. Conclusions: The experimental approach to detect ZIKV RNA in Aedes aegypti presented here has demonstrated to be specific, sensitive and reliable, and additionally it allows for the analysis of mosquito gene expression during ZIKV infection.
Bone transport versus acute shortening for the management of infected tibial bone defects: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wen Hongjie , Zhu Shouyan , Li Canzhang , Xu Yongqing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The treatment for infected tibial bone defects can be a great challenge for the orthopaedic surgeon. This meta-analysis was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety between bone transport (BT) and the acute shortening technique (AST) in the treatment of infected tibial bone defects.Methods: A literature survey was conducted by searching the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases together with the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and the Wanfang database for articles published up to 9 August 2019. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was adapted to evaluate the bias and risks in each eligible study. The data of the external fixation index (EFI), bone grafting, bone and functional results, complications, bone union time and characteristics of participants were extracted. RevMan v.5.3 was used to perform relevant statistical analyses. Relative risk (RR) was used for the binary variables and standard mean difference (SMD) for continuous variables. Each variable included its 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: Five studies, including a total of 199 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. Statistical significance was observed in the EFI (SMD = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.25, 1.01, P = 0.001) and bone grafting (RR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.15, 0.46, P <0.00001); however, no significance was observed in bone union time (SMD = –0.02, 95% CI: –0.39, 0.35, P = 0.92), bone results (RR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.04, P = 0.41), functional results (RR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.86, 1.08, P = 0.50) and complications (RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.41, 1.39, P = 0.37).Conclusions: AST is preferred from the aspect of minimising the treatment period, whereas BT is superior to AST for reducing bone grafting. Due to the limited number of trials, the meaning of this conclusion should be taken with caution for infected tibial bone defects.Trial registration: PROSPERO CRD42019133659
Prevalence of 3.7 and 4.2 Deletions in Sudanese Patients with Red Cells Hypochromia and Microcytosis
Authors: Osman Hussam Ali , Hamid Muzamil Mahdi Abdel , Ahmad Rahimah Binti , Saleem Mohamed , Abdallah Sana Altahir 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective:
Alpha-thalassemia is a genetic disorder characterized by deletions of one or more α globin genes that result in deficient of α globin chains reducing haemoglobin concentration. The study aimed to screen 97 patients with microcytosis and hypochromasia for the 3.7 and 4.2 alpha thalassemia deletion mutations.
Results:
Out of 97 patients screened, only 7 were carriers for the 3.7 deletion and all patients were negative for the 4.2 deletion. The 3.7 deletion was found in Foor, Hawsa and Rezagat Sudanese tribes. In the carriers of the 3.7 deletion, Red Blood Cells and Haematocrit were significantly increased. The Red Blood Cells were 7.23±0.78×10 12 /L in adult males and 7.21±0.67×10 12 /L in adult females while in children were 5.07±0.87×10 12 /L. The mean cell volume and mean cell haemoglobin were significantly decreased, but the mean cell haemoglobin concentration slightly decreased. Haemoglobin levels didn’t revealed statistically significant decrease in adult males (11.7±0.57 g/dL) and adult females (11.25±0.64 g/dL), while in children were (11.6±2.95 g/dl). Haemoglobin electrophoresis revealed two patients of the 3.7 and 4.2 negative were carriers for b-thalassemia.
The study concluded that α 3.7 deletion has frequency of 0.07 in Sudanese with hypochromasia and microcytosis.
Insufficient gestational weight gain associated with higher DNA methylation in cord blood cells
Authors: Kawai Tomoko , Miyakoshi Kei , Kasuga Yoshifumi , Tanaka Mamoru , Hata Kenichiro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Gestational weight gain (GWG) is one of the crucial factors affecting fetal growth as well as the in utero environment, influencing fetal cell programming during development. We reported previously that GWG affected the occurrence of outlying CpG methylation values of placental DNA in a U-shaped manner, with the occurrence of outlying values from adequate GWG subjects positioned at the bottom of the curve. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of GWG on the infant epigenome by the view that the influence of insufficient GWG on infant DNA methylation may turn in some other direction at the borderline of the optimal weight gain. Method We collected cord blood from 60 subjects with uncomplicated term delivery whose mean pre-pregnancy body mass index and mean GWG was 19.8 ± 1.9 and 8.1 ± 4.3 kg, respectively. Cord blood DNA was underwent analysis using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip to profile genome-wide methylation status. Results GWG was continuously associated with cord blood DNA methylation at five CpG loci significantly (multiple test corrected p -value, 0.043) in the lower than upper limit of the recommended GWG group (n = 51). The significant association between DNA methylation levels and GWG was disappeared when added 9 subjects who gained weight more than upper limit of recommendation during pregnancy. The methylation plot of the five loci plateaued or traced a U-curve near the border of the upper limit of the GWG recommendation. Cord blood DNA methylation of these five still tended to be associated with GWG after considering gestational age as covariate with involving the other eleven CpG sites with the same p -value (multiple test corrected p -value, 0.056). The fifteen out of the identified 16 CpG sites showed negative association between GWG and DNA methylation levels and five of them colocalized at inferred enhancer region. Conclusions It is known that demethylation at enhancer region in genome is one of the features during late fetal development. We found that insufficient GWG showed higher methylation status in some enhancer-candidate loci in cord blood cells, which may indicate incomplete demethylation during in utero development.
Genome wide analysis reveals genetic divergence between Goldsinny wrasse populations ﻿
Authors: Jansson Eeva , Besnier Francois , Malde Ketil , André Carl , Dahle Geir , Glover Kevin A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Marine fish populations are often characterized by high levels of gene flow and correspondingly low genetic divergence. This presents a challenge to define management units. Goldsinny wrasse ( Ctenolabrus rupestris ) is a heavily exploited species due to its importance as a cleaner-fish in commercial salmonid aquaculture. However, at the present, the population genetic structure of this species is still largely unresolved. Here, full-genome sequencing was used to produce the first genomic reference for this species, to study population-genomic divergence among four geographically distinct populations, and, to identify informative SNP markers for future studies. Results After construction of a de novo assembly, the genome was estimated to be highly polymorphic and of ~600Mbp in size. 33 235 genome wide SNPs were thereafter selected to assess genomic diversity and differentiation among four populations collected from Scandinavia, Scotland, and Spain. Global F ST among these populations was 0.015–0.092. Approximately 4% of the investigated loci were identified as putative global outliers, and ~1% within Scandinavia. SNPs showing large divergence ( F ST >0.15) were picked as candidate diagnostic markers for population assignment. 173 of the most diagnostic SNPs between the two Scandinavian populations were validated by genotyping 47 individuals from each end of the species’ Scandinavian distribution range. 69 of these SNPs were significantly ( p <0.05) differentiated (mean F ST_173_loci = 0.065, F ST_69_loci = 0.140). Using these validated SNPs, individuals were assigned with high probability (≥ 94%) to their populations of origin. Conclusions Goldsinny wrasse displays a highly polymorphic genome, and substantial population genomic structure. Diversifying selection likely affects population structuring globally and within Scandinavia. The diagnostic loci identified now provide a promising and cost-efficient tool to investigate goldsinny wrasse populations further.
Clinical features of cryptococcaemia: 65 critical cases
Authors: Chen Ruochan , Zhou Pengcheng , Zhong Xiao , Zou Mingxiang , Li Yanming , Huang Yan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Cryptococcemia is associated with poor prognosis among patients with cryptococcal diseases; however, limited data are available on the clinical features of cryptocoaemia. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to describe the clinical features of cryptococcaemia. Demographic and clinical data of patients with positive blood culture of cryptococcus were obtained from the Xiangya hospital (2010–2019). Demographic and clinical information was obtained from medical records. Results: Sixty-five patients were diagnosed and treated for cryptococcaemia out of which 53 (82%, 53/65) immunosuppressed patients were afflicted with HIV (12%, 8/65), tuberculosis (8%, 5/26), liver cirrhosis (6%, 3/65), chronic renal failure (6%, 3/65), nephrotic syndrome (13%, 7/65), systemic lupus erythematosus (8%, 5/65, chronic glomerulonephritis (11%, 6/65), malignant diseases (19%, 10/65), and Diabetes (11%, 6/65). Most patients (85%, 55/65), presented with fever. Other symptoms such as cough, headache, enlarged lymph nodes, liver or spleen, and septic shock were also reported. Typically, the sites of infection included the central nervous system, lung, skin, bone, abdomen, endometrium, lymph node, and blood. Although an early systemic antifungal therapy was given to sixty-one patients within 48h of hospitalization, the 60-day mortality was higher in immunosuppressed group (53%) than the immunocompetent group (8%). Conclusions: Our study indicated that fever, sepsis, and meningeal involvement were the most common clinical features of cryptococcaemia. Receiving treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, malignant diseases and HIV infection were the three major predisposing conditions. The immunosuppressed patients with cryptococcaemia presented a higher risk of mortality with poor prognosis.
Clinical characteristics and pathogens of pediatric pyogenic liver abscess in Beijing Children’s Hospital, China
Authors: Xie Yue , Guo Ling-yun , Liu Lin-lin , Liu Bing , Feng Wen-ya , Hu Hui-li , Hu Bing , Guo Xin , Chen Tian-ming , Li Shao-ying , Qian Su-ying , Hei Ming-Yan , Zheng Hu-yong , Liu Gang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Data on pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) of children in China have been limited. Method: We retrospectively reviewed PLA cases from January 2017 to June 2019 at Beijing Children’s Hospital. Clinical features and pathogens were analyzed. Results: We diagnosed 15 PLA patients in our center. Median age of onset was 3.2 years and the median diagnostic time was 9 days. Four patients (26.7%) had underlying diseases and seven patients (46.7%) had multiple organ involvement. The sensitivity achieved 100% when ultrasound and contrast-enhanced CT scan were combined use to diagnose PLA. Two patients were defined pathogen through metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Finally, eleven patients (73.3%) were cured during follow-up time and four patients (26.7%) dead. Compared to the survival group and the death group, the patients in death group were more likely to have multiple organ involved (100 vs. 27%, P < 0.05) and bilateral lobe occupied ( P < 0.05) . Conclusions: PLA often occurs in patients with underlying disease. Multiple organs involved may lead to poor prognosis. mNGS can be a new method to detect pathogen.
Dietary patterns are associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among Iranian population: A case-control study
Authors: dehghanseresht narges , Jafarirad Sima , Alavinejad Seyed Pejman , Mansoori Anahita 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Investigating effects of whole diets on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can contribute to development of diet-based recommendations for prevention and treatment of this disease. the aim of the present study is the identification of major dietary patterns and their association with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods A total of 244 individuals (122 NAFLD patients and 122 controls) participated in this case-control study. NAFLD patients were diagnosed by a gastroenterologist. Dietary intake data of participants were collected using a 147 item semi-quantitive food frequency questionnaire and major dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. The consumption of dietary patterns was divided into tertiles. The association of dietary patterns with the odds of NAFLD was investigated by multivariate logistic regression. Results four major dietary patterns were recognized. The "ordinary pattern" adherence was positively associated with NAFLD risk. Although, results were statistically significant only for the third tertile versus the first tertile after adjusting for confounding factors (OR: 3.74, P-trend <0.001). Likewise, Adherence to the "traditional pattern" was associated with a higher risk for NAFLD. On the contrary, individuals in the third tertile of the "vegetable and dairy pattern" had a significantly decreased risk for NAFLD in comparison to the first tertile. Nevertheless, no significant association between "fast food type pattern" and the risk of NAFLD was found. Conclusion there is a significant association between different dietary patterns and the risk of NAFLD. These results can potentially serve as a dietary strategy for the prevention of NAFLD in individuals who are at high risk for the progression of NAFLD.
e-Health Interventions for Healthy Aging: A Systematic Review
Authors: Buyl Ronald , Beogo Idrissa , Fobelets Maaike , Deletroz Carole , Landuyt Philip Van , Dequanter Samantha , Gorus Ellen , Bourbonnais Anne , Giguère Anik , Lechasseur Kathleen , Gagnon Marie-Pierre 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHealthy aging (HA) is a contemporary challenge for population health worldwide. Electronic health (e-Health) interventions have the potential to support empowerment and education of adults aged 50 and over. Objectives To summarize evidence on the effectiveness of e-Health interventions on HA and explore how specific e-Health interventions and their characteristics effectively impact HA.MethodsA systematic review was conducted based on the Cochrane Collaboration methods including any experimental study design published in French, Dutch, Spanish and English from 2000 to 2018. Results Fourteen studies comparing various e-Health interventions to multiple components controls were included. In almost all the cases, e-Health interventions have strengthened or improved altogether physical activity outcome (e.g. walking), psychological outcome (e.g. memory) and promoted healthy behavior (e.g. healthy eating). Finally, significant improvements in clinical parameters (e.g. blood pressure) were found.ConclusionsThis systematic review synthesizes current evidence on the effectiveness of e-Health interventions in supporting HA.
Discectomy Combined with Annulus Fibrosus Repair for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Bayesian analysis of Random Controlled Trials
Authors: Hu Jinlong , Bai Jianzhong , Shi Xueqiang , Fei Wenyong , Wang Hua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective To investigate clinical effects of discectomy combined with annulus fibrosus (AF) repair for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of science, CNKI and WanFang data for studies evaluating discectomy combined with AF repair and discectomy for the treatment lumbar disc herniation. Two reviewers selected studies, assessed quality and extracted data. This meta-analysis was performed to calculate weighted mean difference (WMD), risk ratios (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Seven randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results suggested that the recurrence rate and reoperation rate in the non-repair group higher than those in the repair group [RR= 2.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.50, 3.10], [RR=1.74, CI 1.22, 2.49], respectively. The rate of Visual analogue scale (VAS) relief in the repair group was significantly better than in non-repair group [WMD=0.22, CI 0.06, 0.37], and did not increase the incidence of postoperative complications. There were no significant differences between the two surgical procedures in the Oswestry disability index (ODI) reduction [WMD=0.36, CI -0.79, 1.50], intraoperative blood loss [WMD = -1.23, CI -4.46, 2.00] and the length of the surgical incision [WMD = 0.08, CI -0.01, 0.18]. However, the operation time of the repair group was slightly longer than non-repair group [WMD =6.73, CI 2.80, 10.66]. Conclusion Discectomy combined with AF repair is superior to discectomy regarding postoperative recurrence rate, reoperation rate and postoperative pain relief, but the operation time is slightly longer than the latter. There is no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss, length of surgical incision, postoperative complication rate and reduction in ODI between the two surgical procedures.
Mutation of COL2A1 in a Chinese Family with Presentations of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Authors: yan denglu , Wang zhaojie , Zhang Zhi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to identify genetic factors and chromosomal regions contributing to osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in a Chinese family with presentations of Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease (LCDP).
Methods: In this study, we performed whole exon sequencing of a Chinese family with LCPD for mutation detection. Ten members had ONFH in twenty-seven family members in four generations family, 5 unaffected members of the studied family and 5 normal peoples as control were underwent whole exome sequencing for mutation detection. Structural modeling test was applied to analyze the potential structural changes caused by the missense substitution.
Results: In this Chinese family affected by LCPD, the mutation (c.3508 G>A, p. Gly1170Ser) in exon 50 of COL2A1 in the Gly–X–Y domain was present in 10 patients but absent in 5 unaffected members of the studied family and in 5 control chromosomes from unaffected individuals of matched geographical ancestry. The COL2A1 gene mutation was further validated by Sanger sequencing, confirmed that were heterozygous for the mutation. Then, we identified the p.Gly1170Ser mutation in exon 50 of COL2A1 in a Chinese family with LCPD.
Conclusions: This study maps the mutation of mutation (c.3508 G>A, p. Gly1170Ser) in exon 50 of COL2A1 in the Gly–X–Y domain in a Chinese family of LCPD, which causes osteonecrosis of femoral head.