bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malaphoric $$Z^\prime $$ models for $$b \rightarrow s \ell ^+ \ell ^-$$ anomalies
Authors: Allanach Ben , Gubernari Nico 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We study some phenomenological effects of kinetic mixing between the hypercharge field and a new U(1) gauge field in specific

$$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

models that ameliorate the tensions between measurements and Standard Model predictions in

$$b \rightarrow s\ell ^+ \ell ^-$$

b
→
s

ℓ
+

ℓ
-

decays. To this end, we rederive the dimension-6 SMEFT coefficients resulting from integrating out the kinetically-mixed (‘malaphoric’)

$$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

field. The kinetic mixing provides a family-universal component to the couplings of the

$$Z^\prime $$

Z
′

field, which can improve fits to lepton flavour universality observables. We show how kinetic mixing improves the best fit of the

$$B_3-L_2$$

B
3

-

L
2

model to

$$b\rightarrow s$$

b
→
s

data by 7.0 units of

$$\chi ^2$$

χ
2

while remaining compatible with other relevant data sets such as electroweak precision observables and measurements of

$$e^+ e^- \rightarrow \ell ^+ \ell ^-$$

e
+

e
-

→

ℓ
+

ℓ
-

at LEP2.
Enhancing Trauma Care in Tertiary Hospitals: Addressing Gaps and Pathways to Improvement
Authors: Yaqoob Eesha , Khan Shahzad Ali , Zaidi Dua Abbas , Chaurasia Bipin , Khan Fazal Ullah , Evangelou Kyriacos , Sahitia Nimirta , Javed Saad 
Published: February 2025

Background: Trauma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with road traffic accidents projected to be the leading cause of death by 2030. In developing countries like Pakistan, trauma patients face significant challenges in receiving timely and effective care. This study aimed to evaluate trauma centers in tertiary care hospitals in the twin cities of Pakistan to highlight gaps and pitfalls in trauma patient management.Methods: A descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted using the World Health Organization’s Hospital Emergency Unit Assessment Tool (HEAT) at five major public sector hospitals in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Data collection involved collaboration between the Violence, Injury Prevention and Disability Unit and key informants, including Emergency Room in‐charges and Heads of Departments. Information on trauma protocols and guidelines was gathered.Results: All hospitals provided 24/7 emergency services with access to operating rooms and laboratories. However, significant disparities were found in equipment availability, particularly portable X‐rays (40% availability) and RDT/HIV testing (20% availability). Protocol adherence varied, with 80% of hospitals having clinical management protocols but only 20% having specific protocols for conditions like asthma exacerbation and maternal hemorrhage. This study identifies infrastructural deficiencies and highlights systemic barriers that contribute to inadequate trauma care delivery, underscoring the need for targeted reforms.Conclusion: The study highlights significant gaps in trauma care management in Pakistani tertiary care hospitals, including shortages of personnel, infrastructure deficiencies, and lack of standardized protocols. These findings underscore the urgent need for systemic improvements in trauma care delivery. Recommendations include increased investment in medical infrastructure, addressing staffing and training deficiencies, and standardizing clinical management protocols to enhance trauma care outcomes and reduce morbidity and mortality rates in Pakistan. This research contributes novel insights into the specific barriers faced by trauma care systems in Pakistan, which have not been previously addressed in existing literature.
Pengaruh Remunerasi, Pengalaman Kerja dan Budaya Kerja terhadap Komitmen Organisasional serta Implikasinya terhadap Kinerja Pegawai (Survey pada Pegawai BPS Provinsi Sumatera Utara)
Authors: Subadrianto Al Sufi , Priadana Sidik , Julius Horas 
Published: February 2025

The Influence of Remuneration, Work Experience and Work Culture on Organizational Commitment and Its Implications for Employee Performance (Survey of BPS Employees in North Sumatra Province).
The quality of public services in providing data and information at the North Sumatra Province level will greatly depend on the ability of North Sumatra Province BPS employees to provide services that are reflected in the performance of their employees. . Increasing employee performance in the field of community service will have an impact on increasing public trust in BPS in North Sumatra Province.
This research aims to determine and examine remuneration, work experience and work culture on organizational commitment and its implications for the performance of BPS employees in North Sumatra Province. This research uses a quantitative approach with descriptive and verification analysis. In this study, the sample members were 273 employees at BPS North Sumatra Province. The analytical method in this research uses SEM (Structural Equation Model) analysis.
The research results concluded that there is a significant influence of Remuneration, Work Experience and Work Culture on Organizational Commitment with an influence size of 72.37 percent, and there is a significant influence. from Organizational Commitment to employee performance with an influence size of 80.77 percent
Engaging high school students in rescuing and digitizing data from historical observations in Italy: the citizen-science project Cli-DaRe@School
Authors: Manara Veronica , Brunetti Michele , Beltrano Maria Carmen , Bertoldi Giacomo , Brugnara Yuri , Cat Berro Daniele , Ceppi Alessandro , Crespi Alice , Stefanini Federico Mattia , Sudati Francesco , Zardi Dino , Maugeri Maurizio 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cli-DaRe@School is a citizen-science project, started in spring 2022, whose main goal is to make a remarkable step forward toward the digitization of the huge heritage of historical Italian meteorological observations. These are still largely unexploited, as many records are only available on paper or as scanned images. In the first year the project focused on four comprehensive monographs including about 6000 records of monthly temperature and precipitation data. A team of 334 students from 10 different high schools in Italy was engaged. Each school was assigned pdf files containing the scanned pages to digitize, along with spreadsheet templates for data entry, and related tutorials. The person-hours dedicated to data digitization were about 4000, making about 4000 pages digitized. Students had the opportunity to join a training program consisting of seminars to delve into various aspects of climate change and meteorology, and specific activities aimed to make them aware of the potentialities of the recovered data. Cli-DaRe@School is an important twofold initiative: it demonstrated the potentialities of high school students in providing an enormous contribution to past meteorological data rescue, and proved to be of great educational value, offering young students an easy hands-on experience with climate data and making them more conscious of how science investigates past climatic trends. Therefore, we decided to continue with this experience and to make Cli-DaRe@School a permanent project to be offered to schools every year.
Causal relationship between circulating inflammatory cytokines and the risk of hernia: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qi Yaqin , Li Changjiu , Gao Xingyue , Zhang Fangjie 
Published: February 2025

Objective Observational studies suggest a link between hernia and inflammatory cytokines, but randomized trials are limited by ethical and cost constraints. In this study, we used bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and five types of hernia, aiming to inform preventive and therapeutic strategies. Methods We selected 41 inflammatory factors and five types of hernia as instrumental variables, using data from the IEU Open GWAS database including individuals of European descent. The primary analysis used the inverse variance weighted method with false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment. Additional MR methods and sensitivity analyses ensured robustness. Reverse MR was used to assess potential reverse causality. Results After FDR adjustment, stem cell growth factor beta (SCGFb) was causally associated with diaphragmatic hernia (odds ratio = 0.884, 95% confidence interval: 0.819–0.955). Reverse MR indicated that diaphragmatic hernia may increase interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP10) and monokine induced by interferon-gamma (MIG), and ventral hernia may elevate macrophage inflammatory protein-1b (MIP1b). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness. Conclusion SCGFb may protect against diaphragmatic hernia, and IP10, MIG, and MIP1b are involved in hernia development, suggesting the therapeutic potential of targeting these cytokines. Further studies are needed.
Exchange Rate Dynamics and Macroeconomic Factors: A Comparative Study of BRICS Countries
Authors: Sbeiti Wafaa , Ahmad Moid Uddin , AlKhashti Fahad , Haddad Ayman E. 
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the exchange rate dynamics within the BRICS countries and how they interact with specific macroeconomic variables. To achieve this purpose, both intra-country and inter-country analyses were performed utilizing various statistical methods using time series data covering the period 2000–2022. The findings reveal a significant interdependency among exchange rates within the BRICS countries, although there are inconsistencies in inter-country relationships. Specifically, the analysis of exchange rate dynamics across different countries reveals diverse associations with other economic variables, highlighting the varying impact of macroeconomic variables on foreign exchange rates across countries. In addition, our study also revealed a significant negative two-way relationship between the Chinese currency and the currencies of South Africa and Russia, highlighting potential challenges and complications in aligning monetary policies and exchange rate dynamics across BRICS countries. JEL Classification F31, E44, E52, O11
Dynamic Prediction of the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After DAA Treatment for Hepatitis C Patients
Authors: Ma Xinyan , Huang Lili , Yu Meijie , Dong Rui , Wang Yifan , Chen Hongbo , Yu Rongbin , Huang Peng , Wang Jie 
Published: February 2025

Objectives The aim of this study was to develop and internally validate a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk prediction model incorporating repeated-measures data (longitudinal model), and compare with baseline predictions. Methods A total of 1097 participants with chronic hepatitis C after direct-acting antivirals (DAA) treatment were included in this prospective cohort study. The framework of joint models for longitudinal and survival data was used to construct the longitudinal prediction model. For comparison, a baseline model incorporating the same predictors was constructed through the multivariate Cox regression models. Model performance was evaluated using dynamic discrimination index (DDI), areas under the receiver-operating characteristics curves (AUROC), and Brier scores. Results Over a median follow-up of 7.25 years, 60 patients (5.5%) developed HCC. Key risk factors identified were aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholinesterase, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), albumin, hemoglobin (Hb), platelet count, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), antigen-125 (CA-125), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The final joint model, with GGT and CEA removed, showed superior average predictive performance (DDI = .871) compared to models with all predictors included. Validation showed high predictive accuracy for HCC, with AUROCs above .9 for 1-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year predictions. In comparison, the baseline Cox model only achieved mediocre AUROCs of .7 (.75, .67, .69, and .67, respectively). Conclusion Compared to static models, our dynamic prediction model can predict the risk of HCC in patients after DAA treatment more accurately, providing better information to distinguish high-risk populations.
Reduced childbirth rates in multiple sclerosis from the prodromal phase: Evidence from a population-based cohort study
Authors: Simonsen Cecilia Smith , Flemmen Heidi Øyen , Broch Line , Brekke Kamilla , Myklebust Harald , Berg-Hansen Pål , Brunborg Cathrine , Celius Elisabeth Gulowsen 
Published: February 2025

Background: The age of multiple sclerosis (MS) onset coincides with fertile age, and both improved prognosis and treatment may influence birth rates in people with MS (pwMS). Objectives: To investigate birth rates over time in pwMS compared with controls. Methods: This cohort study included pwMS from three hospitals in the southeast of Norway. Clinical data were collected prospectively. Statistics Norway provided year of live births and marital status in pwMS and controls matched for age, sex, and place of residence at age 16. Results: We included 1599 pwMS (1118 women with MS (wMS) and 481 men with MS (mMS)) and 23,855 controls. The mean number of live births was 1.5 (standard deviation (SD) 1.2) for pwMS versus 1.8 (SD 1.2) for controls ( p < 0.001). Birth rates in wMS declined significantly starting 3 years before onset, with 4.5% giving birth versus 8.4% of controls 2 years before onset ( p = 0.046). Birth rates were also lower 1 year after onset ( p = 0.002). mMS showed a dip 2 years before onset ( p = 0.002), but otherwise had rates similar to controls. There were no differences in marital status. Conclusion: wMS have reduced rates of childbirth compared with controls. This is significant already in the prodromal phase.
Altered functional connectivity between primary visual cortex and cerebellum in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Cai Chang , Kato Takashi , Arahata Yutaka , Takeda Akinori , Nihashi Takashi , Sakurai Keita , Tanaka Emi , Diers Kersten , Fujita Kosuke , Sugimoto Taiki , Sakurai Takashi , Ito Kengo , Nakamura Akinori 
Published: February 2025

Background It is known that eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC) conditions invoke different organizations of brain functional networks, such as sensorimotor, attention, and salience networks in healthy participants. Functional connectivity (FC) extracted from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, under either EO or EC conditions, has been widely applied to explore the neural substrates of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the impact of eye conditions on FC within the AD continuum remains not fully understood. Objective This study aims to investigate the effects of eye conditions on FC across the AD continuum. Methods FC with the primary visual cortex (V1) seed was analyzed for both EO and EC conditions in 59 amyloid-β (Aβ)-positron emission tomography (PET)-negative cognitively normal (CN−), 14 Aβ-PET-positive CN+, 24 mild cognitive impairment (MCI+), and 15 AD individuals. Results EO and EC differently modulated FC between the V1 and cerebellum, especially the posterior vermis, in all groups. In CN−, CN+, and MCI+ groups, EO significantly facilitated FC between V1 and the cerebellum compared with the EC condition. However, the AD group showed the reverse pattern. Moreover, a sub-analysis demonstrated that the FC significantly correlated with a truncal balance measure under EO, but not EC, in participants with MCI+ and AD. Conclusions The results show that the FC between the V1 and cerebellum changed in AD. This finding may partially explain the impaired truncal balance and tendency to fall down in AD. This study suggests that analyzing FC under EO and EC conditions may provide a new functional biomarker for AD.
Androgen deprivation therapy and dementia risk: An updated and dose-response meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Shun , Ni Jingnian , Long Siwei , Teng Yuou , Yao Yirou , Shi Jing , Tian Jinzhou 
Published: February 2025

Background The association between androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and dementia risk is controversial, and the dose-response relationship between them remains unclear. Objective We aim to further clarify the relationship between ADT and dementia risk. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched up to September 2024 to identify relevant studies. A meta-analysis was conducted using hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as pooled indicators. The robust error meta-regression (REMR) approach was performed to explore the dose-response relationship. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics, and subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and meta-regressions were conducted. Publication bias was evaluated with a funnel plot and Egger's test. Results Our meta-analysis of 21 studies involving 2,278,835 patients revealed that ADT significantly increased the risk of overall dementia (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.06–1.20) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (HR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06–1.23), but not non-AD dementia (HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.89–1.16). For ADT subtypes, anti-androgens increased the risk of overall dementia (HR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.09–1.49), particularly for AD (HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.19–1.97), while Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone therapy and bilateral orchiectomy were not linked to the risk of any dementia subtype. A bell-shaped non-linear relationship between ADT duration and dementia risk was observed, with the highest risk observed at 15.5 to 21.5 months (HR = 1.25), which was confirmed by subgroup analysis for AD. Conclusions The risk of overall dementia and AD were found to be significantly associated with ADT in a bell-shaped dose-response effect.
Influence of amount of fumed silica on curing, mechanical, damping, and relaxation properties of phenyl vinyl methyl polysiloxane elastomer
Authors: Aksüt Davut 
Published: February 2025

This study investigated the influence of varying amounts of fumed silica filler on phenyl vinyl methyl polysiloxane (PVMQ) elastomer properties. Results demonstrate a significant impact of silica filler quantity on hardening, mechanical strength, relaxation, and damping properties of PVMQ elastomers. Notably, 15 phr fumed silica positively affects scorch time and optimum cure times. Increasing silica filler levels enhances mechanical properties, including hardness, Emod, and 50% modulus, by reinforcing physical and chemical cross-linking. The unique surface morphology of silica fillers enhances mechanical performance and energy absorption capacity, as evidenced by tan delta values. Multi-cycle compression tests confirm increased deformation resistance and energy absorption damping capacities with higher silica filler content. Temperature scanning stress relaxation analysis reveals notable effects on thermal relaxation properties. These findings underscore the crucial role of silica filler quantity in shaping the mechanical, damping, and thermal relaxation properties of PVMQ-based materials, suggesting avenues for performance optimization through surface morphology manipulation.
Neurophysiological effects of altruistically motivated craft activities in occupational therapy: A pilot study using frontal EEG and heart rate variability analysis
Authors: Orui Junya , Shiraiwa Keigo , Inoue Takao , Ueda Masaya , Ueno Keita , Naito Yasuo , Ishii Ryouhei 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Occupational therapy utilizes altruistically motivated activities, potentially influencing both frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) associated with approach motivation and autonomic responses. This study examines the effects of altruistically motivated craft activities on FAA and autonomic activity. Methods Fifteen rehabilitation students (21.0 ± 0.4 years) performed a netcraft task under altruistic and selfish conditions. EEG and ECG were measured during the craft task, and FAA and autonomic indices were analyzed. Results FAA score was significantly higher in the altruistic condition ( p = .040, d = 0.59), indicating increased approach motivation. Sympathetic activity was significantly lower in the altruistic condition ( p = .018, r = −0.68), indicating reduced sympathetic activity. Conclusions Altruistically motivated craft activities increased relative left frontal cortical activity and decreased sympathetic activity, highlighting their potential benefit in occupational therapy. These findings are not only consistent with previous research, but also support the inclusion of altruistic activities in therapeutic interventions to improve mental health and well-being.
Collaterals and outcomes after endovascular treatment in acute large vessel occlusion: Disparity by stroke etiologies
Authors: Leng Xinyi , Nie Ximing , Yan Hongyi , Pan Yuesong , Zheng Lina , Liu Yuying , Duan Wanying , Liu Xin , Wei Yufei , Gu Weibin , Hou Xinyi , Leung Thomas W , Miao Zhongrong , Liebeskind David S. , Liu Liping 
Published: February 2025

Background: Collateral circulation provides compensatory flow to ischemic brain regions in acute large vessel occlusion (LVO), which had been associated with better outcomes after endovascular treatment (EVT). Aims: We aimed to reveal the pre-EVT collateral status and its associations with outcomes after EVT, in patients with acute LVO with different etiologies. Methods: Based on a prospective, multicenter registry, we analyzed patients with acute, intracranial anterior-circulation LVO due to large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) and cardioembolism (CE), who underwent EVT within 24 hours. Pre-EVT leptomeningeal collateral status was classified on digital subtraction angiography by ASITN/SIR grading system. Outcomes included good 3-month functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] 0-2), 3-month mRS distribution, successful recanalization, early neurological deterioration, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and 3-month mortality. Results: Among 805 patients (median age 66 years), 450 and 355 respectively had LVO due to LAA and CE, of whom 57.8% and 56.6% (p=0.742) had good pre-EVT collaterals. In LAA patients, good collaterals were associated with lower risk of sICH (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=0.40; 95% CI 0.17-0.94; p=0.036) but not functional outcomes. In CE patients, good collaterals were associated with a higher chance of good functional outcome (adjusted OR=1.55; 95% CI 0.96-2.51; p=0.072) and lower mRS at 3 months (adjusted common OR=0.64; 95% CI 0.43-0.94; p=0.021). However, there was no significant CE/LAA and collateral status interaction on any outcome. Conclusions: The study revealed comparable pre-EVT collateral status in patients with LVO due to LAA versus CE who received EVT within 24 hours, but the pre-EVT collaterals may have different protective effects for post-EVT outcomes in these two groups of patients.