bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute glans ischemia after circumcision successfully treated with low-molecular-weight heparin and topical dihydrotestosterone
Authors: Zvizdic Zlatan , Anic Dusko , Popovic Nusret , Vranic Semir 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Circumcision like any other surgical procedure is not devoid of complications. Serious complications are rare and include iatrogenic hypospadias, glans ischemia/necrosis, and glans amputation, all of which require an emergent treatment.

Patient concerns:
We report here a case of 6 months-old-boy with a superficial glans ischemia following circumcision.

Diagnosis:
Physical examination revealed a severely cyanotic glans with the moderate edema of the dorsal penile skin. Plasma levels of D-dimer were 8.57 mg/L. Urine passage was unremarkable while color Doppler ultrasonography revealed a normal blood flow.

Interventions:
The patient was successfully treated with subcutaneous injection of enoxaparin (low-molecular-weight heparin) and topical 2.5% dihydrotestosterone.

Outcomes:
The appearance of the glans penis on the 5th day was close to normal while the control levels of D-dimer dropped to the reference range. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 6th day. At 6-month follow-up, the appearance of the glans penis was normal.

Lessons:
Acute glans penis ischemia following circumcision is a rare complication. Its successful treatment with enoxaparin and topical dihydrotestosterone has not been previously reported in the literature.
Gray matter alterations in restless legs syndrome
Authors: Sheng LiQin , Zhao PanWen , Ma HaiRong , Qi Liang , Yi ZhongQuan , Shi YuanYuan , Zhong JianGuo , Shi HaiCun , Dai ZhenYu , Pan PingLei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is an objective structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique which allows researchers to investigate group-level differences in regional gray matter (GM) volume or density over the whole brain. In the last decade, VBM studies in restless leg syndrome (RLS) have exhibited inconsistent and conflicting findings.

Methods:
Studies will be identified through a computerized literature search of the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase until October 1, 2018 and updated on March 1, 2020. This protocol will be performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). In addition, we will follow the recent guidelines and recommendations for coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA). This CBMA will be performed with the seed-based d mapping with permutation of subject images (SDM-PSI) software.

Results:
This CBMA will offer the latest evidence of GM alterations in RLS.

Conclusions:
To our knowledge, this will be the first CBMA that pooled VBM findings in RLS. This quantitative evidence of GM alterations will characterize brain morphometry of RLS.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42018117014.
The impact of exercise intervention for patients undergoing hemodialysis on fatigue and quality of life
Authors: Zhang Fan , Bai Yan , Zhao Xing , Huang Liuyan , Zhang Ying , Zhang Huachun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background:
This study aims to determine the therapeutic efficacy of exercise interventions for patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) on fatigue and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods:
This review will only include randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The search strategy will be performed in 4 English databases, 4 Chinese databases, Clinical Trials.gov, and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. All English or Chinese RCTs, published from inception to May 31, 2020, will be sought. Two reviewers will screen, select studies, extract data, and assess quality independently. Primary outcome is fatigue assessed by questionnaire. The methodological quality including the risk of bias of the included studies will be evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Stata 12.0 software will be used for heterogeneity assessment, generating funnel-plots, data synthesis, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis.

Results:
We will provide some more practical and targeted results investigating the effect of exercise interventions for patients undergoing HD on fatigue and HRQoL in the current meta-analysis, and point out the main limitation of previous studies.

Conclusion:
The study will provide recent evidence for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of exercise interventions for patients undergoing HD on fatigue and HRQoL.

Registration number:
INPLASY202050071 (DOI: 10.37766/inplasy2020.5.0071)
Interpreting the result of a diagnostic test: An experimental study in a social network
Authors: Sofi-Mahmudi Ahmad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundStatistical literacy is an important element in informing patients and planning treatments for both clinicians and policymakers. This study aim to investigate and compare the interpretation of a diagnostic test result in medical and non-medical professionals.MethodsA diagnostic test question about positive predictive value was posted on the “Stories” section of five personal Instagram accounts. The collected information included the exact calculated number, educational status (undergraduate or graduated) and field of study (dentistry, medicine, other medical, non-medical). The results were analysed using R version 3.4.4 on Microsoft Windows 10 with the Pearson χ2 test.ResultsOf 121 participants, 63.6% did not provide a correct answer. The highest and the lowest correct answer ratios were seen in non-medical and dentistry groups, with 52.6% and 22.2%, respectively (P = 0.09, χ2 = 6.464, df = 3). Undergraduates showed a more favourable performance than graduates with 41.8% correct answers compared to 20.0% (P = 0.03, χ2 = 4.616, df = 1).ConclusionThe statistical interpretation of the medical professionals is lower than the non-medical professionals and graduates showed less favourable results compared to undergraduates. There is a need for more beneficial and continuative statistical education for medical professionals.
Seroprevalence of Hospital Staff in Province with Zero COVID-19 Cases
Authors: Nopsopon Tanawin , Pongpirul Krit , Chotirosniramit Korn , Jakaew Wutichai , Kaewwijit Chuenkhwan , Kanchana Sawan , Hiransuthikul Narin 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDCOVID-19 seroprevalence data has been scarce, especially in less developed countries with a relatively low infection rate.METHODSA locally developed rapid immunoglobulin M (IgM) / immunoglobulin G (IgG) test kit was used for screening hospital staff in Ranong hospital which located in a province with zero COVID-19 prevalence in Thailand from April 17 to May 17, 2020. A total of 844 participants were tested; 82 of which were tested twice with one month apart. (Thai Clinical Trials Registry: TCTR20200426002)RESULTSOverall, 0.8% of the participants (7 of 844) had positive IgM, none had positive IgG. Female staff seemed to have higher IgM seropositive than male staff (1.0% vs. 0.5%). None of the participants with a history of travel to the high-risk area or a history of close contact with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 case had developed antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Among 844 staff, 811 had no symptom and six of them developed IgM seropositive (0.7%) while 33 had minor symptoms and only one of them developed IgM seropositive (3.0%). No association between IgM antibody against SARS-CoV-2 status and gender, history of travel to a high-risk area, history of close contact with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 case, history of close contact with suspected COVID-19 case, presence of symptoms within 14 days, or previous PCR status was found. None of the hospital staff developed IgG against SARS-CoV-2.CONCLUSIONCOVID-19 antibody test could detect a substantial number of hospital staffs who could be potential silent spreaders in a province with zero COVID-19 cases. Antibody testing should be encouraged for mass screening, especially in asymptomatic healthcare workers.TRIAL REGISTRATIONThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chulalongkorn University (IRB No.236/63) and the Institutional Review Board of Ranong Hospital. (Thai Clinical Trials Registry: TCTR20200426002)FUNDINGNone.
Efficacy of McKenzie Manipulative Therapy on Pain, Functional Activity and Disability for Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Anwar , Jahid Iqbal Kabir , Hossain Md. Forhad , Uddin Zakir , Kabir Md. Feroz , Hossain K M Amran , Hassan Md. Nazmul , Walton Lori Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionLumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the common determinations for low back pain and disability. The objectives of the study were to explore the effectiveness of McKenzie exercises and Manipulative Therapy approaches for LDH.MethodologyAssessor blinded RCT carried out for 36 months at CRP. 72 subjects aged 25-50 years, clinically and radiologically diagnosed with LDH were randomly recruited and 68 found eligible. The control group received stretching exercises and Maitland mobilization, and the experimental group received McKenzie therapy for 12 sessions in 4 weeks, both groups received conventional care in addition. Pain was the primary outcome and secondary outcome was participation in functional activities and disability.ResultsFrom day 1 to 4 weeks both groups had improvement in pain, fear avoidance and bothersome (p<.05). McKenzie found superior in disability (p<.001) from 4 weeks to 6 months, in pain and disability (p<.05) from day 1 to 6 months, and in fear avoidance belief total (p<.05).ConclusionThe McKenzie manipulative therapy approach reported effective for pain, disability and participating in activities for single or multiple level LDH patients from day 1 to week 4 and the treatment effect extends after 6 months.
Implementation of Tuberculosis Infection Control Practices in Tuberculosis Diagnostic and Treatment Health Facilities in Kampala District, Uganda, August 2015
Authors: Tugumisirize Didas , Turyahabwe Stavia , Bulage Lilian , Muyanja Stella Zawedde , Majwala Robert Kaos , Kakinda Michael , Muchuro Simon , Nyombi Abdunoor , Nsawotebba Andrew , Mujuni Denis , Kabugo Joel , Katongole Simon Peter 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundEffective implementation of Tuberculosis infection control (TB IC) measures in health facilities delivering TB care services is very critical in controlling nosocomial transmission of TB infections among health workers, patients and their attendants. The aim of the study was to assess and document the implementation of TB IC practices in TB diagnostic and treatment health facilities in Kampala District, which accounts for 15-20% of the total TB burden in Uganda.MethodsIn August 2015, we conducted a cross-sectional study in 25 health facilities including 07 Public and 18 Private healthcare facilities in Kampala. We used a modified checklist adopted from the national manual for implementing TB control measures in health care facilities. We reviewed health facility records and where necessary observed TB IC practices to triangulate our findings. We conducted univariate analysis and generated proportions in order to describe the extent of implementation of TB IC measures.ResultsOn average, 73% of both administrative and managerial, 65% environmental, and 56% personal protective TB IC measures were complied with at the health facilities visited. Private health facilities implemented 71% of both administrative and managerial TBIC measures compared to public health facilities (31%). Thirty Six percent of health facilities reported that they were regularly screening health care workers for TB. By Observation, 28% had TB IC guideline, 36% had TB IC plan, 12% had a designated area for sputum collection, 56% were regularly opening windows, 40% had fans installed in the waiting areas and/or consultation rooms and 24% had bio-safety cabinets fitted with UV light. In addition, 60% had N95 respirators but only 32% of the facilities reported that their health workers routinely wore them.ConclusionImplementation of WHO recommended TB IC measures in health facilities delivering TB care services in Kampala was sub optimal. Routine involvement of health facility management as well as increasing human resources for health is critical in implementing easy to do TBIC measures like triaging, patients’ educating on coughing etiquette and respiratory hygiene and daily window opening particularly in public health care settings where implementation of administrative TB IC measures is wanting
Longitudinal dynamics of the neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Wang Kai , Long Quan-Xin , Deng Hai-Jun , Hu Jie , Gao Qing-Zhu , Zhang Gui-Ji , He Chang-Long , Huang Lu-Yi , Hu Jie-Li , Chen Juan , Tang Ni , Huang Ai-Long 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no licensed vaccine or specific antiviral agents for therapy. Little is known about the longitudinal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in COVID-19 patients.MethodsBlood samples (n=173) were collected from 30 COVID-19 patients over a 3-month period after symptom onset and analyzed for SARS-CoV-2-specific NAbs, using the lentiviral pseudotype assay, coincident with the levels of IgG and proinflammatory cytokines.ResultsSARS-CoV-2-specific NAb titers were low for the first 7-10 d after symtom onset and increased after 2-3 weeks. The median peak time for NAbs was 33 d (IQR 24-59 d) after symptom onset. NAb titers in 93.3% (28/30) of the patients declined gradually over the 3-month study period, with a median decrease of 34.8% (IQR 19.6-42.4%). NAb titers increased over time in parallel with the rise in IgG antibody levels, correlating well at week 3 (r = 0.41, p < 0.05). The NAb titers also demonstrated a significant positive correlation with levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines, including SCF, TRAIL, and M-CSF.ConclusionsThese data provide useful information regarding dynamic changes in NAbs in COVID-19 patients during the acute and convalescent phases.
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People with Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Brown Ethan G. , Chahine Lana M. , Goldman Samuel M. , Korell Monica , Mann Emerald , Kinel Daniel R. , Arnedo Vanessa , Marek Kenneth L. , Tanner Caroline M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo rapidly identify areas of need and improve care in people with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD) affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, we deployed a survey focusing on the presentation and complications of COVID-19 infection and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic among those not infected.MethodsIndividuals with and without PD participating in the online study Fox Insight (FI) were invited to complete an online survey between April 23-May 23, 2020. Among people reporting COVID-19 diagnosis, we compared the frequency of symptoms and poor outcomes in people with and without PD. Among people not reporting COVID-19, we assessed the effects of the pandemic on access to medical care and other services, and in PwPD, its effects on PD symptoms.ResultsAmong 5,429 PwPD and 1,452 without PD, 77 reported a COVID-19 diagnosis (51 PwPD, 26 without PD). Complications were more frequent in people with longer PD duration. PwPD and COVID-19 experienced new or worsening motor (63%) and nonmotor (75%) PD symptoms. PwPD not diagnosed with COVID-19 reported disrupted medical care (64%), exercise (21%), and social activities (57%), and worsened PD motor (43%) and non-motor (52%) symptoms. Disruptions were more common for PwPD living alone, and for those with lower income and non-white race.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic is associated with wide-ranging effects on people with PD, and certain groups may be at particular risk. FI provides a rapid, patient-centered means to assess these effects and identify needs that can be used to improve the health of PwPD.
Use of Powered Air-Purifying Respirator(PAPR) by healthcare workers for preventing highly infectious viral diseases -a systematic review of evidence
Authors: Licina Ana , Silvers Andrew , Stuart Rhonda L 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare workers (HCWs) are at particular risk during pandemics and epidemics of highly virulent diseases with significant morbidity and case fatality rate. These diseases include Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Ebola. With the current (SARS-CoV-2) global pandemic, it is critical to delineate appropriate contextual respiratory protection for HCWs. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPR’s) as part of respiratory protection versus another device (egN95/FFP2) on HCW infection rates and contamination.MethodsOur primary outcomes included HCW infection rates with SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, Ebola or MERS when utilizing PAPR. We included randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, and observational studies. We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and CENTRAL). Two reviewers independently screened all citations, full-text articles, and abstracted data. Due to clinical and methodological heterogeneity, we did not conduct a meta-analysis. Where applicable, we constructed Evidence Profile (EP) tables for each individual outcome. Confidence in cumulative evidence for each outcome was classified according to the GRADE system.ResultsWe identified 689 studies during literature searches. We included 10 full text studies. A narrative synthesis was provided. Two on-field studies reported no difference in the rates of healthcare workers performing airway procedures during care of critical patients with SARS-CoV-2. A single simulation trial reported a lower level of cross-contamination of participants using PAPR compared to alternative respiratory protection. There is moderate quality evidence that PAPR use is associated with greater heat tolerance but lower scores for mobility and communication ability. We identified a trend toward greater self-reported wearer comfort with PAPR technology in low quality observational simulation studies.ConclusionField observational studies do not indicate a difference in healthcare worker infection utilizing PAPR devices versus other compliant respiratory equipment. Greater heat tolerance accompanied by lower scores of mobility and audibility in PAPR were identified. Further pragmatic studies are needed in order to delineate actual effectiveness and provider satisfaction with PAPR technology.Please note: Protocol for this review was prospectively registered with the International Register of Systematic Reviews identification number CRD42020184724.
Early life and Adulthood Depression: Birth seasonality on demographic characteristics of depressive symptoms
Authors: Zhou Hao , Peng-Li Danni , Chen Juan , Sun Dong , Wan Bin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundEnvironmental and biological factors in early-life in-utero can have critical health implications in adulthood. However, despite the extensive literature on the association between depressive symptoms and female gender, higher age, lower education, and lower socio-economic status, no studies have thus far investigated these depression-related demographic factors in connection with early-life environment. Here, the present study aimed to explore the effects of birth seasonality on demographic characteristics of depressive symptoms in adults.MethodsWe employed data from the project of Chinese Labour-forces Dynamic Survey (CLDS) 2016, containing the epidemiological data of depressive symptoms with a probability proportional to size cluster and random cluster sampling method in 29 provinces of China with final sample of 16,181 participants was analysed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to test the relations between having depressive symptoms and various demographic characteristics in the overall population and different layers driven by the season of birth (Spring: March, April, and May; Summer: June, July, and August; Autumn: September, October, and November; Winter: December, January, and February).ResultsIn line with previous studies, female gender, higher age, lower education, lower satisfaction of family income, and northern geographical region were the depressive symptoms-related factors. Season of birth did not significantly contribute to having depressive symptoms. Gender and satisfaction of family income were significant for the linear trend in people born in spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Age was significant for linear trend in people born in spring and winter. Education was only significant in spring. The categorical variable of geographical region had different associations with depressive symptoms across seasons of birth.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that although season of birth is not significantly associated with depressive symptoms, it influences the effects of the demographic factors on depressive symptoms (particularly in age). The present study sheds lights on the discussion of environmental and biological effects related to season of birth on adult mental health.
Analysis of the association between hand grip strength and functionality in community elderly
Authors: Wieczorek Mariana Edinger , de Souza Cislaine Machado , da Silva Klahr Patrícia , da Rosa Luis Henrique Telles 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo analyze an association between handgrip strength (HGS) and functional performance tests by healthy, non-institutionalized elderly.MethodThis is a cross-sectional study. A sample consisted of 36 elderly people (66.69 ± 4.84 years), all of whom responded to a cognitive assessment instrument and another to assess the level of physical activity, in addition to sociodemographic data and health conditions. The HGS was measured using the hydraulic dynamometer JAMAR and performed the six-minute walk test (6MWT) and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) to assess the cardiorespiratory capacity submitted during displacement and body mobility.ResultsIt was possible to verify through the Pearson coefficient the weak and significant association between the MPH and the variables 6MWT (p≤0.05) and TUG (p = 0.027).ConclusionFor samples of healthy elderly and applied experimental conditions, the FPM is related to performance tests. Thus, it is believed that the evaluation of the HGS may be an alternative to interference in this population.
First-in-human demonstration of splenic ultrasound stimulation for non-invasively controlling inflammation
Authors: Graham Rachel S. , Zachs Daniel P. , Cotero Victoria , D’Agostino Catherine , Ntiloudi Despoina , Kaiser Claire R.W. , Graf John , Wallace Kirk , Ramdeo Richard , Coleman Thomas R. , Ashe Jeffrey , Pellerito John , Tracey Kevin J. , Binstadt Bryce A. , Chavan Sangeeta S. , Zanos Stavros , Puleo Christopher , Peterson Erik , Lim Hubert H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHyperinflammation and uncontrolled cytokine release in infections and autoimmune diseases require therapy to reduce the innate immune response. Here, we present first in-human data showing reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine release with ultrasound stimulation of the spleen in healthy subjects and in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Single cell RNA sequencing reveals a decrease in IL-1β and IL-8 transcript levels in circulating monocytes. There is also a down regulation of pathways involved in TNF and IL-6 production, and IFNγ- and NFκB-regulated genes. Additional pre-clinical studies reveal that ultrasound can boost B cell activation and antibody production. Splenic ultrasound offers a new non-invasive therapy for treating hyperinflammation without compromising the adaptive immune response.