bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precision oncotherapy based on liquid biopsies in multidisciplinary treatment of unresectable recurrent rectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Guadagni Stefano , Fiorentini Giammaria , De Simone Michele , Masedu Francesco , Zoras Odisseas , Mackay Andrew Reay , Sarti Donatella , Papasotiriou Ioannis , Apostolou Panagiotis , Catarci Marco , Clementi Marco , Ricevuto Enrico , Bruera Gemma 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Third line innovative systemic treatments and loco-regional chemotherapy by hypoxic pelvic perfusion (HPP) have both been proposed for the treatment of unresectable not responsive recurrent rectal cancer (URRC). In the present study, we have compared the safety and efficacy of HPP/target therapy, using drug regimens selected by liquid biopsy precision oncotherapy, to third-line systemic therapy based on tissue specimens precision oncotherapy.

Methods
HPP/target therapy regimens were selected based on precision oncotherapy, including assays for chemosensitivity and viability, and qRT-PCR for tumor-related gene expression. In the control group, systemic third-line and further lines of therapy were defined according to clinical and biological parameters.

Results
From 2007 to 2019, 62 URRC patients were enrolled, comprised of 43 patients in the HPP/target-therapy group and 19 patients in the systemic therapy control group. No HPP related complications were reported and the most common adverse events were skin and bone marrow toxicity. In the HPP/target-therapy group, the ORR was 41.8% whereas in the systemic therapy control group was 15.8%. DCR of the HPP/target-therapy group was significantly improved over the systemic therapy group (P = 0.001), associated with a PFS of 8 vs 4 months (P = 0.009), and OS of 20 vs 8 months (P = 0.046).

Conclusions
The present data indicate that in URCC patients, the integration of HPP/target-therapy and precision oncotherapy based upon liquid biopsy is as effective and efficacious as third-line treatment in local disease control and, therefore, deserves to be further assessed and compared to conventional systemic treatments in future prospective randomized trials.
Correlates of different facets and components of beta diversity in stream organisms
Authors: Perez Rocha Mariana , Bini Luis M. , Grönroos Mira , Hjort Jan , Lindholm Marja , Karjalainen Satu-Maaria , Tolonen Katri E. , Heino Jani 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recently, community ecology has emphasized the multi-facetted aspects of biological diversity by linking species traits and the environment. Here, we explored environmental correlates of taxonomically-based and traits-based compositional distances using a comprehensive data set of diatom and macroinvertebrate communities. We also explored the responses of different beta diversity components (i.e., overall beta diversity, turnover, and nestedness) of beta diversity facets (i.e., taxonomically and traits-based beta diversity) to environmental distances. Partial Mantel tests were used to test the relationships between beta diversity and environmental distance (while controlling for spatial distances). Taxonomically-based beta diversity varied much more than traits-based beta diversity, indicating strong functional convergence. We found that taxonomically-based beta diversity was largely driven by the turnover component. However, the nestedness component contributed more to overall traits-based beta diversity than the turnover component. Taxonomically-based beta diversity was significantly correlated with environmental distances for both diatoms and macroinvertebrates. Thus, we found support for the role of environmental filtering as a driver of community dissimilarities of rather different biological groups. However, the strength of these relationships between beta diversity and environmental distances varied depending on the biological group, facet, component, and the way which the environmental variables were selected to calculate the explanatory (distance) matrix. Our results indicated that both taxonomically and traits-based approaches are still needed to better understand patterns and mechanisms affecting the organization of biological communities in streams. This is because different facets of biological communities may be driven by different mechanisms.
Population-based analysis on predictors for lymph node metastasis in T1 colon cancer
Authors: Xu Xin , Zhang Chihao , Ni Xiaochun , Wu Jugang , Pan Chunpeng , Wang Shoulian , Yu Jiwei 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
In this study, we aimed to identify independent predictive factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in T1 colon cancer.

Methods
Data of 8056 eligible patients were retrospectively collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database during 2004–2012. We performed logistic regression analysis to identify predictive factors for LNM. Both unadjusted and adjusted Cox regression analyses were used to determine the association between LNM and patient survival. Finally, we used competing risks analysis and the cumulative incidence function (CIF) to further confirm the prognostic role of LNM in cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Results
The overall risk of LNM in patients with T1 colon cancer was 12.0% (N = 967). Adjusted logistic regression models revealed that mucinous carcinoma [odds ratio (OR) = 2.26, P < 0.001], moderately differentiated (OR 1.74, P < 0.001), poorly differentiated (OR 5.16, P < 0.001), and undifferentiated carcinoma (OR 3.01, P = 0.003); older age (OR 0.66, P < 0.001 for age 65–79 years, OR 0.44, P < 0.001 for age over 80 years); and carcinoma located in the ascending colon (OR 0.77, P = 0.018) and sigmoid colon (OR 1.24, P = 0.014) were independent predictive factors for LNM. Adjusted Cox regression analysis showed that positive lymph node involvement was significantly associated with CSS [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.02, P < 0.001], which was further robustly confirmed using a competing risks model and the CIF.

Conclusions
This population-based study showed that mucinous carcinoma, tumor grade, age, and primary tumor location were independent predictive factors for LNM in T1 colon cancer. The risk of LNM should be carefully evaluated in patients with T1 colon cancer, before clinical management.
A particle-based model for endothelial cell migration under flow conditions
Authors: Zun P. S. , Narracott A. J. , Evans P. C. , van Rooij B. J. M. , Hoekstra A. G. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) play a major role in the healing process following angioplasty to inhibit excessive neointima. This makes the process of EC healing after injury, in particular EC migration in a stented vessel, important for recovery of normal vessel function. In that context, we present a novel particle-based model of EC migration and validate it against in vitro experimental data. We have developed a particle-based model of EC migration under flow conditions in an in vitro vessel with obstacles. Cell movement in the model is a combination of random walks and directed movement along the local flow velocity vector. For model calibration, a set of experimental data for cell migration in a similarly shaped channel has been used. We have calibrated the model for a baseline case of a channel with no obstacles and then applied it to the case of a channel with ridges on the bottom surface, representative of stent strut geometry. We were able to closely reproduce the cell migration speed and angular distribution of their movement relative to the flow direction reported in vitro. The model also reproduces qualitative aspects of EC migration, such as entrapment of cells downstream from the flow-disturbing ridge. The model has the potential, after more extensive in vitro validation, to study the effect of variation in strut spacing and shape, through modification of the local flow, on EC migration. The results of this study support the hypothesis that EC migration is strongly affected by the direction and magnitude of local wall shear stress.
Use of factorial experimental design to study the effects of iron and sulfur on growth of Scenedesmus acuminatus with different nitrogen sources
Authors: Tao Ran , Bair Robert , Lakaniemi Aino-Maija , van Hullebusch Eric D. , Rintala Jukka A. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the combined effects of iron and sulfur on microalgal biomass concentration and removal efficiency of nitrogenous compounds using factorial design. Scenedesmus acuminatus (currently accepted name Tetradesmus lagerheimii) was separately cultivated in batch photobioreactors using modified N-8 media with two nitrogen sources, nitrate, and ammonium. To study the interaction effect between iron and sulfur and to reduce the total number of experimentally studied combinations, a factorial design was used. Three iron (0.1, 1, and 1.9 mg L−1) and three sulfur concentrations (3.7, 20, and 35.8 mg L−1) were employed to the modified N-8 media in this study. The results show that the final microalgal biomass concentration and nitrogen removal efficiency were more sensitive to the changes in iron and sulfur concentrations in the media with nitrate than with ammonium possibly because of the different assimilation mechanisms used by microalgae for these two nitrogen sources. The created models demonstrated that iron had a statistically significant effect on the microalgal biomass concentration and nitrate removal efficiency while sulfur did not. In addition, the interaction effect between iron and sulfur was not significant on microalgal biomass concentration and nitrogen removal. In synthetic medium with nitrate as nitrogen source, the highest microalgal biomass concentration was obtained with 1.0 mg L−1 iron and 35.8 mg L−1 sulfur.
A bundle theory of words
Authors: Miller J. T. M. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIt has been a common assumption that words are substances that instantiate or have properties. In this paper, I question the assumption that our ontology of words requires posting substances by outlining a bundle theory of words, wherein words are bundles of various sorts of properties (such as semantic, phonetic, orthographic, and grammatical properties). I argue that this view can better account for certain phenomena than substance theories, is ontologically more parsimonious, and coheres with claims in linguistics.
Circumstances of provoked recurrent venous thromboembolism: the Austrian study on recurrent venous thromboembolism
Authors: Puhr Hannah C. , Eischer Lisbeth , Šinkovec Hana , Traby Ludwig , Kyrle Paul A. , Eichinger Sabine 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Patients with unprovoked deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) of the leg or pulmonary embolism (PE) have a high recurrence risk. How often these recurrences are provoked by a temporary risk condition is unknown. In a cohort of patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE), we evaluated the clinical circumstances of recurrence. We studied patients with DVT of the leg and/or PE. End point was recurrence of objectively verified symptomatic VTE. Provoked recurrence was defined according to guidance criteria. 1188 patients were followed for a median of 8.9 years after withdrawal of oral anticoagulants. 312 patients had recurrent VTE, which was provoked in 42 (13%). Recurrence was related to a major risk factor in 19, to a minor risk factor in 22, and to a persistent risk factor in one patient(s). 14 recurrences occurred after major surgery and 5 during hospitalization. Ten recurrences occurred after minor surgery, eight after trauma and three during female hormone intake. Four recurrences occurred during heparin prophylaxis. The incidence of provoked VTE recurrence appears to be low. VTE can recur when prevention is stopped or even during thromboprophylaxis. Surgery and trauma are frequent risk factors.
Abiotic resource depletion potentials (ADPs) for elements revisited—updating ultimate reserve estimates and introducing time series for production data
Authors: van Oers Lauran , Guinée Jeroen B. , Heijungs Reinout 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Purpose
In 1995, the original method for assessing the impact category abiotic resource depletion using abiotic depletion potentials (ADPs) was published. The ADP of a resource was defined as the ratio of the annual production and the square of the ultimate (crustal content based) reserve for the resource divided by the same ratio for a reference resource (antimony (Sb)). In 2002, ADPs were updated based on the most recent USGS annual production data. In addition, the impact category was sub-divided into two categories, using two sets of ADPs: the ADP for fossil fuels and the ADP for elements; in this article, we focus on the ADP for elements. Since then, ADP values have not been updated anymore despite the availability of updates of annual production data and also updates of crustal content data that constitute the basis of the ultimate reserves. Moreover, it was known that the coverage of elements by ADPs was incomplete. These three aspects together can affect relative ranking of abiotic resources based on the ADP. Furthermore, dealing with annually changing production data might have to be revisited by proposing new calculation procedures. Finally, category totals to calculate normalized indicator results have to be updated as well, because incomplete coverage of elements can lead to biased results.

Methods
We used updated reserve estimates and time series of production data from authoritative sources to calculate ADPs for different years. We also explored the use of several variations: moving averages and cumulative production data. We analyzed the patterns in ADP over time and the contribution by different elements in the category total. Furthermore, two case studies are carried out applying two different normalization reference areas (the EU 27 as normalization reference area and the world) for 2010.

Results and discussion
We present the results of the data updates and improved coverage. On top of this, new calculation procedures are proposed for ADPs, dealing with the annually changing production data. The case studies show that the improvements of data and calculation procedures will change the normalized indicator results of many case studies considerably, making ADP less sensitive for fluctuating production data in the future.

Conclusions
The update of ultimate reserve and production data and the revision of calculation procedures of ADPs and category totals have resulted in an improved, up-to-date, and more complete set of ADPs and a category total that better reflects the total resource depletion magnitude than before. An ADP based on the cumulative production overall years is most in line with the intent of the original ADP method. We further recommend to only use category totals based on production data for the same year as is used for the other (emission-based) impact categories.
Effect of Prestrain on the Fatigue Life of Superelastic Nitinol
Authors: Senthilnathan Karthikeyan , Shamimi Ali , Bonsignore Craig , Paranjape Harshad , Duerig Tom 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThree types of fatigue testing are performed to elucidate the effects of prestraining superelastic Nitinol on its subsequent fatigue lifetime: rotary bending and tension–tension testing of wire, and beam bending using diamond-shaped specimens fabricated from tubing. Results show that local plastic deformation during prestraining induces residual stresses that have a pronounced effect on fatigue performance, enhancing performance when the fatigue duty cycle is of the same sense as the prestraining (tensile prestraining followed by a tensile duty cycle, for example), and decreasing fatigue lifetime when the sense of the duty cycle is opposite to that of prestraining. This provides an avenue to increasing fatigue lifetime, but more importantly it highlights the need to fully understand the nature of the duty cycle: for example, prestraining a stent by crimping it into a delivery catheter induces favorable residual stresses with respect to subsequent pulsatile fatigue, but might accelerate fracture in other modes, such as axial or crush fatigue. Caution is also advised when trying to apply data from “constant life diagrams” derived from the literature (Ref 1, 2 for example) that may not properly reflect the strain history of the device being analyzed.
Effects of Adiponectin on Diastolic Function in Mice Underwent Transverse Aorta Constriction
Authors: Han Xueting , Wang Yanyan , Fu Mingqiang , Song Yu , Wang Jingfeng , Cui Xiaotong , Fan Yuyuan , Cao Juan , Luo Jie , Sun Aijun , Zou Yunzeng , Hu Kai , Zhou Jingmin , Ge Junbo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Diastolic dysfunction is common in various cardiovascular diseases, which could be affected by adiponectin (APN). Nevertheless, the effects of APN on diastolic dysfunction in pressure overload model induced by transverse aorta constriction (TAC) remain to be further elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that treatment of APN attenuated diastolic dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy in TAC mice. Notably, APN also improved active relaxation of adult cardiomyocytes, increased N2BA/N2B ratios of titin isoform, and reduced collagen type I to type III ratio and lysyl oxidase (Lox) expressions in the myocardial tissue. Moreover, APN supplementation suppressed TAC-induced oxidative stress. In vitro, inhibition of AMPK by compound C (Cpc) abrogated the effect of APN on modulation of titin isoform shift and the anti-hypertrophic effect of APN on cardiomyocytes induced by AngII. In summary, our findings indicate that APN could attenuate diastolic dysfunction in TAC mice, which are at least partially mediated by AMPK pathway.
Appraisal of Geomorphic Diversity with Special Reference to Basin-Area Extremity in Central Lesser Himalaya
Authors: Pande Anita 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The standard for the selection of two fourth order watersheds for intensive geomorphic study was extremity in basin-area to assess diversity in between two watersheds in regard to their geomorphic environment. The diversity in geological traits reveals that the Phalal watershed was characterized by contact zone of two lithological formations (Augun gneiss 95% and Rautgara quartzites 5%) separated by north Almora thrust (NAT) while the entire Siya watershed was developed only in one formation, i.e. Rautgara (quartzites) Formation. The diversity in geo-morphometric personality and geomorphic evolution speaks of a differential development of both watersheds in context of stage of erosion. The zone of critical-height above which the erosion is acute is 1700 to 1800 m in Phalal watershed, whereas 1500 to 1600 m in Siya watershed; the hypsometric integral determines Phalal watershed (49.96 %) under middle-mature stage while Siya watershed (57.07 %) achieved early-mature stage. Diversity in erosion status was observed along the varying altitudes of the watersheds under different land use/cover. Diversity in the spatial distribution of altitude, erosion intensity, average slope versus land use/cover status under both watersheds determines the impact of basin-area extremity. The hazardous geomorphic processes also indicate the impact of basin-area extremity as eleven types of geomorphic hazards were experienced by the Phalal watershed while only four types of hazards were experienced by Siya watershed. Phalal watershed was 18.42 % hazardous area while 21.04 % hazardous area was possessed by Siya watershed. The hazard of ‘surficial erosion’ covers maximum area, i.e. 13.78 % in Phalal watershed while 20.52 % area is possessed by Siya watershed. Likewise maximum study units attained degree 4 instability for Phalal watershed (80%) while degree 2 instability for Siya (50%) watershed. Thus, basin–area has direct posture on geological traits, geomorphic evolution, geomorphometric personality and hazardous geomorphic processes while land use/cover status has no bearing on basin-area extremity under the studied watersheds.
Hydrochemistry and Arsenic Contamination of Shallow Aquifers in Bidyananda and Nazimkhan Unions, Rajarhat Upazilla, Kurigram, Bangladesh
Authors: Moni Shahina Akter , Satter Golam Sabbir , Reza A.H. M. Selim , Ahsan Md. Aminul 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
In this study, the spatial distribution and hydrochemistry of arsenic (As) in shallow alluvial aquifers of Bidyananda and Nazimkhan Union of Rajarhat opazilla, Kurigram district of Bangladesh have been evaluated. Nineteen groundwater samples (depth: 10 to 50 m) were collected from the studied area for physical and chemical analysis. Based on analytical data of chemical analysis, a Piper trilinear diagram have been prepared which revealed that the groundwater of the studied area is Ca-HCO3 type, where Ca is the dominant metal. Physical data and permeability index values indicate good quality of the groundwater for drinking and irrigation. The concentrations of Fe, Mn and As in almost all samples exceed the WHO and Bangladesh national standard indicating significant pollutions. Groundwater As concentrations in the aquifer (10–50 m of depth) ranged from &lt;0.005 to 0.323 mgL-1 and geochemical conditions changed from oxidized to successively more reduced, higher As concentrations with depth. Correlation studies revealed a good correlation between As and Mn (R2=0.20) in groundwater implying that natural reductive dissolution of MnO(OH) and FeO(OH) may be responsible for As release into the groundwater. However, a poor correlation between As and Fe (R2 = 0.0084) in groundwater is probably due to the precipitation of dissolved Fe and Mn as siderite (FeCO3) and rhodochrosite (MnCO3), respectively, under reducing conditions. The poor correlations among dissolved As, Fe and SO42- concentrations (As vs. SO42- R2 = 0.0674; Fe vs. SO42-, R2=0.1542) in groundwater suggest that pyrite/sulfide oxidation is not the dominant process for As release. A high concentration of As, Fe and Mn indicate that the natural reductive dissolution of iron oxyhydroxides is probably the dominant process for As mobilization in the groundwater of the studied area.
Past Two Decadal Groundwater Level Study in Tikamgarh District of Bundelkhand
Authors: Patle Deepak , Awasthi M.K. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
Groundwater level fluctuations and trends can be used to estimate changes in aquifer storage resulting from the effects of groundwater withdrawal and recharge. These data can be used to address water management needs and to evaluate the effects of management and conservation programs. The study was divided in two periods; 1997 to 2006 – the Phase 1 and 2007 to 2016 – the Phase 2. Though the significant decline in average water levels, both in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon, were observed from Phase 1 to Phase 2 but the rate of decline in water level was not only checked from 0.102 m/yr (Phase 1) to rise at 0.056 m/yr (Phase 2) in pre monsoon season. In post monsoon season this became more prominent as decline rate of 0.308 m/yr in Phase 1 changes to rise in water level at 0.101 m/yr during Phase 2. This trend may be attributed to the construction of water conservation structures.