bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving fire retardancy of medium density fiberboard by nano‐wollastonite
Authors: Esmailpour Ayoub , Taghiyari Hamid R. , Ghorbanali Mohammad , Mantanis George I. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe improving effects of addition of nano‐wollastonite on some fire properties of medium‐density fiberboard (MDF) were studied in this work. Nano‐wollastonite was added at four levels (2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%). The size range of at least 70% of nano‐wollastonite particles were 30 to 110 nm. The results showed statistically significant improving effect of nano‐wollastonite on time to onset of ignition. The improving effect was primarily attributed to an increase in thermal conductivity of board containing nano‐wollastonite. This increase in turn resulted in better curing of resin, and a higher integrity of fibers thereof. Moreover, nano‐particles provided a surface with reduced combustibility and therefore, penetration of fire to the inner layers of boards was delayed, thus improving fire properties. High and significant correlations were found between thermal conductivity coefficients of boards with different fire properties. It was concluded that for applications where fire properties are of prime importance, nano‐wollastonite content of 8% can be recommended. Moreover, further studies are needed to compare and standardize the results obtained from the apparatus used here with those obtained from internationally recognized apparatuses like cone calorimeter.
Biochar addition coupled with nitrogen fertilization impacts on soil quality, crop productivity, and nitrogen uptake under double‐cropping system
Authors: Ali Izhar , He Liang , Ullah Saif , Quan Zhao , Wei Shangqing , Iqbal Anas , Munsif Fazal , Shah Tariq , Xuan Ying , Luo Yuqiong , Tianyuan Li , Ligeng Jiang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBiochar and inorganic fertilizer when co‐applied have been reported to increase crop yield and enhance soil fertility. However, studies on this complementary effect on soil properties and noodle rice performance in China are still scanty. To investigate the effects of biochar application coupled with inorganic fertilizers on soil sustainability and yield and yield attributes of noodle rice, outdoor pot experiments were conducted in the early and late growing seasons in 2018. The treatment combinations were T1(B0 t/ha + N270 kg/ha), T2(B20 t/ha + N270 kg/ha), T3(B40 t/ha + N270 kg/ha), T4(B60 t/ha + N270 kg/ha), T5(B0 t/ha + N360 kg/ha), T6(B20 t/ha + N360 kg/ha), T7(B40 t/ha + N360 kg/ha), and T8(B60 t/ha + N360 kg/ha). The results compiled across the seasons showed an increase inPn (net photosynthetic rate), grain yield, N uptake, gel consistency, amylose content (AC), and protein content in biochar‐treated pots as compared to T1. Average increases of 63.24, 63.66, 14.85, 58.0, 59.0, 22.39, and 2.9% were observed in soil porosity, moisture content, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in T4over T1across the seasons, respectively. Root morphological characteristics such as total root length, surface area, volume, and average root diameter were significantly improved in T3, T4, T7, and T8. Starch‐related enzymes such as starch branching enzyme (SBE), starch debranching enzyme (DBE), and soluble starch synthase (SSS) were not affected significantly; however, granule‐bound starch synthase (GBSS), ADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADPG), and starch synthesis (SS) enzyme showed higher activity in 40 and 60 t B/ha across N rates. Conclusively, biochar application of 60 t/ha along with 270 kg N/ha is a promising option for improving soil quality and increasing photosynthesis, yield, and yield attributes of noodle rice.
Antifungal and antimycotoxigenic effect of the essential oil of Eremanthus erythropappus on three different Aspergillus species
Authors: Brandão Rafaela Magalhães , Ferreira Vanuzia Rodrigues Fernandes , Batista Luís Roberto , Alves Eduardo , Lira Nathasha de Azevedo , Bellete Barbara Sayuri , Scolforo José Roberto Soares , Cardoso Maria das Graças 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEssential oils can be considered antifungal agents in controlling food contamination, due to their biological potential. Eremanthus erythropappus essential oil (EEO) was extracted by hydrodistillation, and its chemical composition was evaluated by gas chromatography using mass spectrometer (GC‐MS) and flame ionization detectors (GC‐FID). EEO antifungal and antimycotoxygenic effect was evaluated on different species of Aspegillus genus. The main component of the EEO was α‐bisabolol (98.853%). The essential oil exhibited fungicidal activity at concentrations of 0.98, 15.63, and 15.63 μL/mL against Aspergillus carbonarius, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus ochraceus, respectively. The application of the EEO significantly inhibited ochratoxin A production that ranged from 62.06% to 84.27% and from 68.29% to 98.44% for the fungal species A carbonarius and A ochraceus, respectively, and also inhibited the production qualitatively of aflatoxins B1 and B2. Ergosterol biosynthesis of fungi A carbonarius (76.56%‐92.07%), A flavus (81.28%‐97.75%), and A ochraceus (47.61%‐85.56%) significantly decreased in the presence of EEO. Electromicrographs showed morphological alterations and some damages caused by EEO in the fungal membranes of three fungi species. There was a change in the hyphae uniformity present in the fungi and also loss of conidia integrity in A carbonarius, and no conidia formation in A flavus and A ochraceus, after treatment with the essential oil. Therefore, the results suggested that EEO was capable of inhibit fungal growth, ergosterol biosynthesis, and the production of mycotoxins that can contaminate food.
Directional news impact curve
Authors: Anatolyev Stanislav 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe directional news impact curve (DNIC) is a relationship between returns and the probability of next period's return exceeding a certain threshold—zero in particular. Using long series of S&P500 index returns and a number of parametric models suggested in the literature, as well and flexible semiparametric models, we investigate the shape of the DNIC and forecasting abilities of these models. The semiparametric approach reveals that the DNIC has complicated shapes characterized by nonsymmetry with respect to past returns and their signs, heterogeneity across the thresholds, and changes over time. Simple parametric models often miss some important features of the DNIC, but some nevertheless exhibit superior out‐of‐sample performance.
Renal Function Parameters and Serum Sodium Enhance Prediction of Wait‐List Outcomes in Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Thalji Leanne , Thalji Nassir M. , Heimbach Julie K. , Ibrahim Samar H. , Kamath Patrick S. , Hanson Andrew , Schulte Phillip J. , Haile Dawit T. , Kor Daryl J. 
Published: June 2020

Background and Aims
Reliance on exception points to prioritize children for liver transplantation (LT) stems from concerns that the Pediatric End‐Stage Liver Disease (PELD) score underestimates mortality. Renal dysfunction and serum sodium disturbances are negative prognosticators in adult LT candidates and various pediatric populations, but are not accounted for in PELD. We retrospectively evaluated the effect of these parameters in predicting 90‐day wait‐list death/deterioration among pediatric patients (<12 years) listed for isolated LT in the United States between February 2002 and June 2018.

Approach and Results
Among 4,765 patients, 2,303 (49.3%) were transplanted, and 231 (4.8%) died or deteriorated beyond transplantability within 90 days of listing. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (hazard ratio [HR] 1.09 per 5‐unit decrease, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06‐1.10) and dialysis (HR 7.24, 95% CI 3.57‐14.66) were univariate predictors of 90‐day death/deterioration (P < 0.001). The long‐term benefit of LT persisted in patients with renal dysfunction, with LT as a time‐dependent covariate conferring a 2.4‐fold and 17‐fold improvement in late survival among those with mild and moderate‐to‐severe dysfunction, respectively. Adjusting for PELD, sodium was a significant nonlinear predictor of outcome, with 90‐day death/deterioration risk increased at both extremes of sodium (HR 1.20 per 1‐unit decrease below 137 mmol/L, 95% CI 1.16‐1.23; HR per 1‐unit increase above 137 mmol/L 1.13, 95% CI 1.10‐1.17, P < 0.001). A multivariable model incorporating PELD, eGFR, dialysis, and sodium demonstrated improved performance and superior calibration in predicting wait‐list outcomes relative to the PELD score.

Conclusions
Listing eGFR, dialysis, and serum sodium are potent, independent predictors of 90‐day death/deterioration in pediatric LT candidates, capturing risk not accounted for by PELD. Incorporation of these variables into organ allocation systems may highlight patient subsets with previously underappreciated risk, augment ability of PELD to prioritize patients for transplantation, and ultimately mitigate reliance on nonstandard exceptions.
On the meaning of being a scholar of human resource development
Authors: Jacobs Ronald L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe following article is an expanded version of the prepared remarks made by Ronald L. Jacobs at the time of his induction recently in the Academy of Human Resource Development (AHRD) Scholar Hall of Fame. Being inducted in the AHRD Scholar Hall of Fame is considered the highest level of recognition for individuals who have made significant and extended contributions to the human resource development field through their research. The induction ceremony is conducted during the Awards Ceremony at the AHRD Annual Conference; at that time, inductees offer brief comments of their own choosing. The remarks made by Jacobs were deemed of sufficient interest to the broader field that he was asked to expand them into the following article.
Detection of high‐grade cervical disease among women referred directly to colposcopy after a positive HPV screening test varies with age and cytology findings
Authors: Farnsworth Annabelle , Roberts Jennifer M. , Garland Suzanne M. , Crescini Joanne , Kaldor John M. , Machalek Dorothy A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAustralia's new HPV‐based cervical screening program is based on an algorithm that incorporates reflex cytology to guide decisions about further follow‐up with colposcopy and, if indicated, biopsy. We reviewed results for 2300 women referred directly for colposcopy after their first positive HPV screening test, to determine the proportion that had underlying histological high‐grade abnormality (HGA). Overall, HGA was detected in 24.3% of women. Among HPV16/18 positive women, 18.0% had HGA, increasing from 6.6% among women with negative cytology to 79.7% among women with high‐grade squamous lesion or worse, or any glandular lesion on cytology (HSIL+; P‐trend < .001). For this latter group, the proportion with HGA was higher among HPV16/18 positive women than among those positive for other oncogenic types (68.8%; P = .029). Among women with ASC‐H cytology, 51.8% had HGA, with no difference between HPV groups (P = .314). In analyses by age‐groups, detection of HGA was highest, at 36.4%, among women younger than 35 years, then decreased significantly to 5.9%, among women aged 65 to 74 years (P‐trend < .001). The relationship of decreasing HGA detection with increasing age was strong for women with negative cytology, and those with ASC‐H cytology (P‐trend < .001 for each). For women with HSIL+ cytology, detection of HGA was high and stable, regardless of age (P‐trend = .211). This report describes the first follow‐up colposcopy findings in Australia's new HPV‐based cervical screening program. The results demonstrate the additional value of reflex cytology in managing HPV positive women and suggest that further refinement of the risk‐based algorithm to account for age may be warranted.
Hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of cancer among the Chinese population
Authors: Tian Ting , Song Ci , Jiang Longfeng , Dai Jingjing , Lin Yuan , Xu Xin , Yu Chengxiao , Ge Zijun , Ding Yuqing , Wen Yang , Liu Bo , Shao Yuyun , Shi Ping , Zhu Chuanlong , Liu Yuan , Jing Shenqi , Wang Zhongmin , Hu Zhibin , Li Jun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and nonhepatocellular cancers remains inconclusive. This large case‐control study aimed to assess the associations between HBV infection status and multiple cancers. Cases (n = 50 392) and controls (n = 11 361) were consecutively recruited from 2008 to 2016 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Multivariable adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using logistic regression by adjusting age and gender. A meta‐analysis based on published studies was also performed to verify the associations. Of these, 12.1% of cases and 5.5% of controls were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seropositive. We observed significant associations between HBsAg seropositivity and esophagus cancer (aOR [95% CI] = 1.32 [1.13‐1.54]), stomach cancer (1.46 [1.30‐1.65]), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; 39.11 [35.08‐43.59]), intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma (ICC and ECC; 3.83 [2.58‐5.67] and 1.72 [1.28‐2.31]), pancreatic cancer (PaC; 1.37 [1.13‐1.65]), non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL; 1.88 [1.61‐2.20]) and leukemia (11.48 [4.05‐32.56]). Additionally, compared to participants with HBsAg−/anti‐HBs−/anti‐HBc−, participants with HBsAg−/anti‐HBs−/anti‐HBc+, indicating past HBV‐infected, had an increased risk of esophagus cancer (aOR [95% CI] = 1.46 [1.24‐1.73]), stomach cancer (1.20 [1.04‐1.39]), HCC (4.80 [3.95‐5.84]) and leukemia (15.62 [2.05‐119.17]). Then the overall meta‐analysis also verified that HBsAg seropositivity was significantly associated with stomach cancer (OR [95% CI] = 1.23 [1.14‐1.33]), ICC (4.05 [2.78‐5.90]), ECC (1.73 [1.30‐2.30]), PaC (1.26 [1.09‐1.46]), NHL (1.95 [1.55‐2.44]) and leukemia (1.54 [1.26‐1.88]). In conclusion, both our case‐control study and meta‐analysis confirmed the significant association of HBsAg seropositivity with stomach cancer, ICC, ECC, PaC, NHL and leukemia. Of note, our findings also suggested that the risk of stomach cancer elevated for people whoever exposed to HBV.
Development and technology of rural drinking water supply in China*
Authors: Song Weikun , Gao Zhanyi , Hu Meng , Wu Xiaomei , Jia Yannan , Li Xiaoqin , Hu Yaqiong , Liao Lisha 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAccess to safe drinking water in rural areas is a basic need of the population. Since 2000 China has invested significantly in improving rural drinking water safety nationwide as an important measure to alleviate poverty and promote rural development. In 2009, China achieved the millennium development goal (MDG) of halving the ratio of the population without access to safe drinking water by 2015. Water quality, water quantity, guaranteed probability of water source and convenience of water acquisition are the four major factors in evaluating drinking water safety. Technology and innovative equipment for water purification, disinfection, construction models and management technology and institutions have been developed to support the large‐scale construction and management of rural drinking water supply projects during the last 20 years. This paper presents the technical progress and experience accumulated in the construction and management of the rural drinking water supply in China. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Growth and biomass yield of hydroponically grown thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) in response to brackish water‐induced stress*
Authors: Al‐Tabbal Jalal , Haddad Moawiya , Bani‐Hani Nabeel , Qrunfleh Issam , AL‐Bashabsheha Khaled , Al‐Einein Suha Abu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractReuse of non‐traditional water (brackish water) in agriculture will reduce the cost of disposal. On the other hand, the use of brackish water may cause environmental pollution to the soil, groundwater and plants after being discharged to the soil. The purpose of the current study was to assess the effect of reusing filter station water on the growth and yield of thyme plants during three growing seasons, 2014–2016. Three types of irrigation water were used in the current study: fresh tap water (T1), mixed water (T2) and brackish water (T3), with total dissolved solids (TDS) of 500, 1500 and 2500 ppm, respectively. Number of lateral leaves, plant height (cm) and fresh and dry weights (g m¯2) were recorded. In addition, the percentage of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) in the leaves was determined. Results showed that plant parameters as well as yield were affected by mixed and brackish water. In addition, the chemical composition of leaves was affected significantly by the treatments. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new species of Cassida Linnaeus, 1758, from Turkey (Chrysomelidae: cassidinae)
Authors: Özdikmen Hüseyin , Şahin Didem Coral , Bal Neslihan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA new species, Cassida alidagiense sp. nov., has been described from Kayseri province in Turkey. For the time being, the species is endemic to Turkey. Cassida alidagiense sp. nov., is related to Cassida linnavuorii Borowiec, 1986; Cassida brevis Weise, 1884; and Cassida bella Faldermann, 1837, from which it differs in the shape of the apex of cornu of the spermethaca, and it can be distinctively differentiated from these species based on color of under body and spermathecal characters especially. In addition, the paper presents ultrastructures observed by SEM of spermatheca of Cassida alidagiense sp. nov. from Turkey.
Direct antimicrobial activity of cationic amphipathic peptide WLBU2 against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms is enhanced in physiologic buffered saline
Authors: Mandell Jonathan B. , A. Koch John , Deslouches Berthony , Urish Kenneth L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPeriprosthetic joint infection of total knee arthroplasties represents a major challenge to the field of orthopedic surgery. These infections are commonly associated with antibiotic‐tolerant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Engineered cationic amphipathic peptide WLBU2 has shown the ability to kill antibiotic‐resistant pathogens and drug‐tolerant bacterial biofilms. The novelty of using WLBU2 during the direct irrigation and debridement of periprosthetic joint infections led our group to investigate the optimal washout conditions for treatment of S. aureus biofilms. S. aureus mature biofilms were grown on metal implant material and treated with WLBU2 dissolved in differing irrigation solvents. Mature biofilms were treated both in vitro as well as in a periprosthetic joint infection murine model. WLBU2 activity against S. aureus biofilms was increased when dissolved in diphosphate‐buffered saline (dPBS) with pH of 7.0 compared with normal saline with pH of 5.5. WLBU2 activity was decreased in acidic dPBS and increased in alkaline dPBS. WLBU2 activity could be decreased in hypertonic dPBS and increased in hypotonic dPBS. WLBU2 dissolved in less acidic dPBS displayed increased efficacy in treating periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) implants ex vivo. WLBU2 demonstrated the ability to eliminate PJI associated S. aureus biofilms on arthroplasty material. The efficacy of engineered cationic amphipathic peptide WLBU2 for intraoperative elimination of S. aureus biofilms can be further optimized when kept in a less acidic and more physiologic pH adjusted saline. Understanding optimal physical washout conditions are vital for the success of WLBU2 in treating S. aureus biofilms in PJI clinical trials going forward.
Effects of tamoxifen on tendon homeostasis and healing: Considerations for the use of tamoxifen‐inducible mouse models
Authors: Best Katherine T. , Studentsova Valentina , Ackerman Jessica E. , Nichols Anne E. C. , Myers Marlin , Cobb Justin , Knapp Emma , Awad Hani A. , Loiselle Alayna E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe use of tamoxifen‐inducible models of Cre recombinase in the tendon field is rapidly expanding, resulting in an enhanced understanding of tendon homeostasis and healing. However, the effects of tamoxifen on the tendon are not well‐defined, which is particularly problematic given that tamoxifen can have both profibrotic and antifibrotic effects in a tissue‐specific manner. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the effects of tamoxifen on tendon homeostasis and healing in male and female C57Bl/6J mice. Tamoxifen‐treated mice were compared to corn oil (vehicle)‐treated mice. In the “washout” treatment regimen, mice were treated with tamoxifen or corn oil for 3 days beginning 1 week prior to undergoing complete transection and surgical repair of the flexor digitorum longus tendon. In the second regimen, mice were treated with tamoxifen or corn oil beginning on the day of surgery, daily through day 2 postsurgery, and every 48 hours thereafter (D0‐2q48) until harvest. All repaired tendons and uninjured contralateral control tendons were harvested at day 14 postsurgery. Tamoxifen treatment had no effect on tendon healing in male mice, regardless of the treatment regimen, while Max load was significantly decreased in female repairs in the Tamoxifen washout group, relative to corn oil. In contrast, D0‐2q48 corn oil treatment in female mice led to substantial disruptions in tendon homeostasis, relative to washout corn oil treatment. Collectively, these data clearly define the functional effects of tamoxifen and corn oil treatment in the tendon and inform future use of tamoxifen‐inducible genetic models.
Inhibition of Smad3 promotes the healing of rotator cuff injury in a rat model
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhou Zhiyou , Liu Yang , Wang Zimin , Kang Yifan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo investigate the effect of inhibiting transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β1)/Smad2/3 signaling on rotator cuff (RC) healing. A bilateral supraspinatus tendon detachment‐repair model of Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rats was utilized. A total of 120 SD rats were randomly assigned to six groups and each group received the subacromial injection of normal saline, empty vectors, or lentiviral vectors containing small interfering RNA against TGF‐β1, Smad2, Smad3 at the bone‐tendon junction. Biomechanical and histological analyses were performed to evaluate bone‐tendon junction healing quality at 8 weeks after repair. Histologically, scar healing was found in all surgical groups. Animals with inhibited Smad3 exhibited better bone‐tendon junction structures with higher density, parallel orientation, and collagen fiber continuity than other surgical group animals. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the protein expression level of collagen I in animals with inhibited Smad3 was more prominent compared with all other surgical groups. Biomechanically, Animals with inhibited Smad3 showed better results in the maximum load at 4, 6, and 8 weeks after surgery compared with other surgical groups. Besides, C3H10T1/2 (Smad3−) cells increased TT‐D6 cell migration and tendon‐associated genes expression (scleraxis, tenascin C, collagen I) in coculture system. We conclude that inhibition of Smad3 promotes RC tendon healing in the rat supraspinatus model.