bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibrogenesis in chronic murine colitis is independent of innate lymphoid cells
Authors: Creyns Brecht , Cremer Jonathan , De Hertogh Gert , Boon Louis , Ferrante Marc , Vermeire Séverine , Van Assche Gert , Ceuppens Jan L. , Breynaert Christine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionInsight in the pathogenesis of intestinal fibrosis is an unmet medical need in inflammatory bowel diseases. Studies in murine models and human organ fibrosis point to a potential role of innate lymphoid cells (ILC) in chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis.Materials and MethodsDextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in drinking water was used to induce chronic colitis and remodeling in C57Bl/6 wild type (WT), RAG‐deficient, RAG−/− common γ chain deficient and anti‐CD90.2 monoclonal antibody treated RAG−/− mice. Inflammation was scored by macroscopic and histological examination and fibrosis was evaluated by hydroxyproline quantification and histology.ResultsIn RAG−/− mice (which have a normal ILC population but no adaptive immunity), chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis developed similarly as in WT mice, with a relative increase in ILC2 during repeated DSS exposure. Chronic colitis could also be induced in the absence of ILC (RAG−/−γc−/− or anti‐CD90.2 treated RAG−/− mice) with no attenuation of fibrosis. Importantly, clinical recovery based on weight gain after stopping DSS exposure was impaired in ILC‐deficient or ILC‐depleted mice.ConclusionThese data argue against a profibrotic effect of ILC in chronic colitis, but rather suggest that ILC have a protective and recovery‐enhancing effect after repeated intestinal injury.
Human leukocyte antigen class I (A, B) and class II (DRB1) allele and haplotype frequencies in Iranian patients with Buerger's disease
Authors: Dehghani Firouzabadi Fatemeh , Salimi Javad , Amirzargar Aliakbar , Dehghani Firouzabadi Mohammad , Arbabi Hani , Mousavizadeh Seyyed M. , Izadpanah Kambiz 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I (HLA‐A and HLA‐B) and II (HLA‐DRB1) allele and haplotype frequencies in a group of Iranian patients with Buerger's disease (BD) in comparison with a normal healthy control group.MethodsA total of 70 unrelated male patients and 100 healthy controls from Sina Hospital, Tehran, Iran, belonging to the same ethnic background, were enrolled in this case‐control study. HLA‐A, B, and DRB1 typing were performed by polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers (PCR‐SSP).ResultsThe results of this case‐control study showed that the frequency of the HLA‐A*03:01 (odds ratio (OR) = 2.88, P value (Pv) = .002), HLA‐A*29:01 (OR = 15.31, Pv < .001), HLA‐DRB1*04:02 (OR = 3.41, Pv < .001), and HLA‐DRB1*16:01 (OR = 8.16, Pv < .001) was significantly higher in BD patients compared with healthy controls, whereas the frequency of the HLA‐DRB1*01:01 (OR = 0.03, Pv < .001) was significantly lower in BD patients. The most frequent extended haplotypes in our patients were HLA‐A*02:01‐B*55:01‐DRB1*04:03.ConclusionThis study is the first study evaluating an association between the HLA pattern and BD in the patients with BD from North West and North Iran.
Statistical correlative model in the multimodal fusion of brain images
Authors: Zhang Zhancheng , Cui Jie , Luo Xiaoqing , You Qingjun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFusing multimodal medical images into an integrated image, providing more details and rich information thereby facilitating medical diagnosis and therapy. Most of the existing multiscale‐based fusion methods ignore the correlations between the decomposition coefficients and lead to incomplete fusion results. A novel contextual hidden Markov model (CHMM) is proposed to construct the statistical model of contourlet coefficients. First, the pair brain images are decomposed into multiscale, multidirectional, and anisotropic subbands with a contourlet transform. Then the low‐frequency components are fused with the choose‐max rule. For the high‐frequency coefficients, the CHMM is learned with the EM algorithm, and incorporate with a novel fuzzy entropy‐based context, building the fuzzy relationships among these coefficients. Finally, the fused brain image is obtained by using the inverse contourlet transform. Fusion experiments on several multimodal brain images show the superiority of the proposed method in terms of both visual quality and some widely used objective measures.
First report about toxic cyanobacterial bloom occurrence in Lake Sevan, Armenia
Authors: Gevorgyan Gor , Rinke Karsten , Schultze Martin , Mamyan Armine , Kuzmin Anton , Belykh Olga , Sorokovikova Ekaterina , Hayrapetyan Armine , Hovsepyan Anahit , Khachikyan Termine , Aghayan Sargis , Fedorova Galina , Krasnopeev Andrey , Potapov Sergey , Tikhonova Irina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLake Sevan, Armenia, is the largest freshwater body in the Caucasus region. Cyanobacteria have become increasingly dominant in summer in Lake Sevan, reflecting the eutrophication of the lake and formed a massive bloom event in 2018. These recent observations mark the transition of this previously oligotrophic high mountain lake into an eutrophic lake with scum‐forming cyanobacterial blooms. A bloom of Dolichospermum in July caused a sudden increase in chlorophyll‐a concentrations up to, on average, 20 µg/L and a strong decrease in water transparency. The cyanobacterial genera Dolichospermum, Aphanizomenon, Anabaena, Cyanobium, and Synechococcus were detected by metagenomic analysis of the lake bacterioplankton. A qualitative and quantitative assessment of peptide‐based secondary metabolites revealed the first detection of cyanotoxins in Lake Sevan. Ten types of microcystin congeners were found in Lake Sevan. The total concentration of microcystins in the phytoplankton varied from 0.34 to 2.49 µg/L. This first record of cyanotoxins in the largest lake in the Caucasus region calls for an urgent need for sustainable nutrient management and a systematic assessment of the ultimate causes that lead to the reoccurrence of scum‐forming Cyanobacteria in this large Alpine lake.
Linagliptin, the dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 enzyme inhibitor, lessens CHOP and GRP78 biomarkers levels in cisplatin‐induced neurobehavioral deficits: A possible restorative gateway
Authors: El‐Deeb Omnia S. , Soliman Gehan M. , Elesawy Rasha O. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCisplatin (CP) is a cornerstone chemotherapeutic agent, however, its neurotoxicity is a chief cause of its limited usage. Linagliptin, which is a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 enzyme inhibitor, has exhibited considerable neuroprotective potential. We aimed to evaluate the linagliptin modulatory effects on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, redox status, and apoptosis in CP‐induced neurotoxicity. Thirty mice were allocated equally into the control group, Group II: CP group, and Group III: linagliptin treated CP group. All groups were subjected to the measurement of hippocampal messenger RNA gene expression of glucose‐regulated protein‐78 and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1α and cleaved caspase‐3 levels were assessed by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay technique while malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase activity were detected spectrophotometrically. Linagliptin ameliorated ER stress and enhanced antioxidant status with cognitive function improvement. Linagliptin may be considered a promising neuroprotective agent owing to its ability to reduce ER/oxidative stress.
Markedly elevated hepatic arterial velocity—HAV greater than 200 cm/s—is not specific to hepatobiliary disease
Authors: Ramirez Michael V. , McGahan John P. , Loehfelm Thomas W. , Grewal Arleen , Wilson Machelle D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to review the different etiologies and outcomes of patients with hepatic artery velocities greater than 200 cm/s.MethodsThis retrospective study included 88 hospitalized patients in whom angle‐corrected proper hepatic artery flow velocities greater than 200 cm/s were obtained during an abdominal ultrasonographic examination. Peak systolic hepatic artery flow velocities, hepatic artery resistance index, and portal vein flow velocities were evaluated. The patients were then allocated to one of four groups based on their primary underlying diagnosis: structural liver disease, nonstructural liver disease, generalized infection, or miscellaneous.ResultsThe median hepatic artery velocity was similar for all groups, ranging from 226 to 238 cm/s. The maximum portal venous velocities were not significantly different between groups. No lab values were statistically different between the groups, except total bilirubin that was greater in the nonstructural liver disease group (8 mg/dL). Overall, 9/88 (10.2%) of patients with elevated hepatic artery velocity died within 30 days of their ultrasonographic examination.ConclusionElevated hepatic artery velocity greater than 200 cm/s in hospitalized patients is not specific to primary hepatobiliary disease but may indicate acute hepatic dysfunction from other causes such as infection or sepsis.
Catalyst‐free one‐pot synthesis of a new class of 2H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromene‐2,4(3H)‐dione and arylamino‐bis(coumarin)methane derivatives on water
Authors: Olyaei Abolfazl , Moghadam Hajar Ramezanipour , Sadeghpour Mahdieh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA catalyst‐free, environmentally benign, and simple procedure has been developed for the efficient synthesis of novel 2H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromene‐2,4(3H)‐dione and 3,3′‐((arylamino)methylene)bis(4‐hydroxycoumarin) derivatives from one‐pot three‐component condensation of 4‐hydroxycoumarin, glyoxalic acid monohydrate and various amines in water under reflux condition. In this green synthetic protocol, the solvent water itself catalyzed the reaction via hydrogen bonding. One‐pot, high yields, short reaction times, simple operation, environmental friendly and easy workup procedure are highlights. This is the first report for the synthesis of 2H‐furo[3,2‐c]chromene‐2,4(3H)‐dione and arylamino‐bis(coumarin)methane derivatives.
PET/CT and MRI for Identifying Axillary Lymph Node Metastases in Breast Cancer Patients: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xin , Liu Yuanyuan , Luo Hongbing , Zhang Jianhui 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundAxillary lymph node metastases (ALNM) is one of the most important prognostic factors in breast cancer. Positron emission tomography / computed tomography (PET/CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are increasingly used to assess ALNM noninvasively. There has been no study investigating PET/CT and MRI in direct comparative studies.PurposeTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT and MRI for ALNM in the same population of breast cancer.Study TypeSystematic review and meta‐analysis.Data SourcePubMed‐MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Chinese Biomedical Literature databases were searched (September 1993–January 2020) by using concerned keywords. Studies using both MRI and PET/CT as diagnostic methods were included. Eleven studies included 1203 breast cancer patients using PET/CT and 1186 patients using MRI.Field Strength1.5T or 3.0T.AssessmentThe Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (v. 2) was used to assess the quality of the studies.Statistical TestsA bivariate mixed‐effects binary regression model was used to obtain the diagnostic performance. Meta‐regression analysis was conducted to investigate study heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 369 articles were screened; out of these, 11 studies were included that meet the inclusion criteria. The respective pooled sensitivity and specificity values were 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47–0.63) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87–0.93) for PET/CT and 0.55 (95% CI: 0.48–0.62) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82–0.89) for MRI. There was no statistically significant difference in sensitivity (P = 0.769) or specificity (P = 0.447) between PET/CT and MRI. There was no threshold effect in either of the imaging tests. The diagnostic performance of both imaging tests was affected by study design, breast cancer subtype, tumor stage, or imaging features.Data ConclusionIn the same population, PET/CT and MRI had comparable diagnostic performance for the detection of ALNM, with low sensitivity and high specificity.Level of Evidence3.Technical Efficacy StageStage 2. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2020;52:1840–1851.
Full‐field digital mammography: the ‘30% rule’ and influences on visualisation of the pectoralis major muscle on the craniocaudal view of the breast
Authors: Strohbach Julia , Wilkinson Jenny Maree , Spuur Kelly Maree 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate compliance to the ‘30% rule’ and key factors which may influence visualisation of the pectoralis major muscle (PMM) on the craniocaudal (CC) view of the breast.MethodsA retrospective review of 2688 paired full‐field digital mammography (FFDM) CC view mammograms of women attending BreastScreen NSW between August and October 2015 was undertaken. PMM visualisation and measurements of PMM width and length, compressed breast thickness, the posterior nipple line (PNL) and age were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics to investigate associations between key breast measurements, age and PMM visualisation.ResultsPMM visualisation was reported in 10.4% of images unilaterally (one breast, left or right only), 14.1% bilaterally (both left and right breasts) and 24.5% overall (unilateral and bilateral combined). There was little or no correlations between PMM length or width and age, breast compressed thickness or PNL. Multiple logistic regression analysis found that up to 15% of the variance in visualisation of the PMM was accounted for by the predictors overall. While some predictors provided a statistically significant contribution to the model, the contribution was small and the odds ratio for all predictors approximated 1.ConclusionThis research could not replicate the ‘30% rule’, and visualisation of the PMM was determined not to be influenced by the variables investigated. The significance of the ‘rule’ itself must be challenged where the vast majority of images (70–85%) do not comply, and there is no requirement for repeat imaging if the ‘rule’ is not met. Further research should be undertaken to validate this study including analysis of diagnostic images for comparison.
Human cytomegalovirus envelope glycoprotein B, H, and N polymorphisms among infants of Shanghai area in China
Authors: Dong Niuniu , Cao Lingfeng , Su Liyun , Lu Lijuan , Dong Zuoquan , Xu Menghua , Xu Jin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the leading cause of congenital infection and an opportunistic pathogen capable of establishing lifelong latency. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the distribution of glycoprotein B, H, and N in infants of Shanghai and correlate the genotype with active and latent HCMV infection. A total of 129 urine samples were collected between August 2014 and December 2015 from infants under 3 years with HCMV infection. Nested PCR was used to amplify the regions of UL55 (gB), UL75 (gH), and UL73 (gN). Gene sequencing and phylogenetic analyses were used to classify the genotypes. Overall, regarding gB, gB1 (57.27%) was predominant, followed by gB3 (41.82%) and gB4 (0.91%). gH1 (54.33%) was the most prevalent genotype of gH, followed by gH2 (45.67%). Concerning gN, we detected gN1 (17.44%), gN2 (2.33%), gN3a (29.07%), gN3b (8.14%), gN4a (13.95%), gN4b (15.12%), and gN4c (13.95%), among which gN3a was the dominant genotype. All the expected genotypes were present except gB2 in children with active infection: gB1 (56.25%), gB3 (42.5%), gB4 (1.25%), gH1 (58.70%), gH2 (41.30%), gN1 (19.05%), gN2 (3.17%), gN3a (25.40%), gN3b (6.35%), gN4a (15.87%), gN4b (17.46%), and gN4c (12.70%). However, among latent cases, we detected gB1 (60%), gB3 (40%), gH1 (42.86%), gH2 (57.14%), gN1 (13.04%), gN3a (39.13%), gN3b (13.04%), gN4a (8.70%), gN4b (8.70%), and gN4c (17.39%), respectively. gB2, gB4, and gN2 were absent in this group. The results revealed that gB1, gH1, and gN3a were predominant in the infants of Shanghai. gH showed different trends among children with active and latent infection.
Diagnostic efficacy of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG/IgM test for COVID‐19: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Zu‐Li , Hou Yu‐Lei , Li De‐Tao , Li Feng‐Zeng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe serological testing of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and/or IgM is widely used in the diagnosis of COVID‐19. However, its diagnostic efficacy remains unclear. In this study, we searched for diagnostic studies from the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, and Wanfang databases to calculate the pooled diagnostic accuracy measures using bivariate random‐effects model meta‐analysis. As a result, 22 from a total of 1613 articles, including 2282 patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 and 1485 healthy persons or patients without SARS‐CoV‐2, were selected for a meta‐analysis. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve of the summary receiver operator curve (SROC) were: (a) 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.79‐0.90), 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98‐1.00), and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.97‐0.99) for anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG and (b) 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65‐0.81), 0.99 (95% CI: 0.97‐1.00), and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93‐0.97) for IgM. A subgroup analysis among detection methods indicated the sensitivity of IgG and IgM using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay were slightly lower than those using gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) and chemiluminescence immunoassay (P > .05). These results showed that the detection of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG and IgM had high diagnostic efficiency to assist the diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. And, GICA might be used as the preferred method for its accuracy and simplicity.
Computed Tomography–Measured Psoas Muscle Density as a Predictive Factor for Hypophosphatemia Associated With Refeeding
Authors: Ireland Megan , Lo Wilson , Villarreal Michael , Coleman Lisa , Schubauer Kathryn , Strassels Scott , Peters Zoe , Woodling Karina , Evans David , Wisler Jon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundInitiation of parenteral nutrition (PN) after a period of starvation can be complicated by refeeding syndrome (RFS). RFS is associated with electrolyte abnormalities including hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, and hypophosphatemia. Risk factors include recent weight loss, low body mass index, and electrolyte deficiencies; however, these associations are not strong. We hypothesized that a validated measure of nutrition risk, computed tomography (CT)–measured psoas muscle density, can be used to predict the development of hypophosphatemia associated with RFS.MethodsA retrospective analysis of surgical patients initiated on PN with an abdominal CT scan within the past 3 months was conducted. CT‐measured psoas muscle density was assessed as a predictive variable for the development of electrolyte abnormalities. Daily electrolyte and clinical outcome measures were recorded.ResultsOne hundred nine patients were stratified based on Hounsfield unit average calculation (HUAC). The lowest 25th percentile of patients had HUAC <25. Low HUAC was associated with a significant percent decrease in phosphate levels from baseline to PN day 3 (P < .01) and significant difference in serum phosphate value on PN day 3 (P < .01). The low muscle density quartile also experienced longer days on the mechanical ventilator (P = .01) compared with patients with a higher psoas muscle density.ConclusionPsoas muscle density predicted the development of hypophosphatemia in patients initiated on PN. This measurement may aid in identifying patients at highest risk of experiencing RFS. A mean psoas HU <25 may prompt additional precautions, including additional phosphate replacement and slower initiation of PN.
Application of a low‐cost NDIR sensor module for continuous measurements of in situ soil CO2 concentration
Authors: Heger Adrian , Kleinschmidt Volker , Gröngröft Alexander , Kutzbach Lars , Eschenbach Annette 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe tested the performance of a newly developed CO2 probe, K33SOIL [based on the sensor module K33 (Senseair, Sweden)], under harsh temperature and humidity conditions in a laboratory experiment. The K33SOIL, competed well (RMSE = 0.032% CO2) with the often used GMP343 (Vaisala, Finland) in precision and accuracy. A field experiment showed that the K33SOIL is also suitable for in situ applications. Thus, the K33SOIL is a valuable and cost‐efficient tool for measurement of soil CO2 concentration.
The challenge of separating and determining biologically active electrostatically stabilized silanates using the high‐performance liquid chromatography technique
Authors: Jabłońska Joanna , Kluska Mariusz , Erchak Nikolai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe present the results of research on the optimal conditions for the separation and determination of newly obtained hypercoordinated compounds, which belong to the group of electrostatically stabilized silanates. The research involved five stationary and four mobile phases. The best selectivity was obtained using the graphite phase and the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/water (80/20). The maximum selectivity of the determined electrostatically stabilized silanates was 1.13 and 1.06 for (1), (2), (3); 1.10 and 1.15 for (4), (5), (6); and 1.12 and 1.15 for (7), (8), (9). The octadecyl phase (which is recommended as standard) did not yield satisfactory results.
Defining Moral Injury Among Military Populations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Richardson Natalie M. , Lamson Angela L. , Smith Maggie , Eagan Sheena M. , Zvonkovic Anisa M. , Jensen Jakob 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMilitary service often requires engaging in activities, witnessing acts, or immediate decision‐making that may violate the moral codes and personal values to which most individuals ascribe. If unacknowledged, these factors can lead to injuries that can affect the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual health of military men and women. The term moral injury has been assigned to these soul‐ceasing experiences. Although researchers have attempted to define moral injury and what leads to such experiences, inconsistencies across definitions exist. In addition, nearly all existing definitions have lacked empirical support. The purpose of the present systematic review was to explore how moral injury has been defined in research with military populations, using Cooper's approach to research synthesis as well as PRISMA guidelines. An in‐depth review of 124 articles yielded 12 key definitions of moral injury across the literature. Two of these 12 definitions were grounded in empirical evidence, suggesting that much more research is needed to strengthen the face validity and reliability of the construct. Quality rankings were developed to categorize each of the included articles. The findings punctuate the need for empirical evidence to further explore moral injury, particularly among samples inclusive of service members and the biopsychosocial–spiritual experiences associated with such injuries.
Heating/Solvent Responsive Shape‐Memory Polymers for Implant Biomedical Devices in Minimally Invasive Surgery: Current Status and Challenge
Authors: Xiao Rui , Huang Wei Min 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis review is about the fundamentals and practical issues in applying both heating and solvent responsive shape memory polymers (SMPs) for implant biomedical devices via minimally invasive surgery. After revealing the general requirements in the design of biomedical devices based on SMPs and the fundamentals for the shape‐memory effect in SMPs, the underlying mechanisms, characterization methods, and several representative biomedical applications, including vascular stents, tissue scaffolds, occlusion devices, drug delivery systems, and the current R&D status of them, are discussed. The new opportunities arising from emerging technologies, such as 3D printing, and new materials, such as vitrimer, are also highlighted. Finally, the major challenge that limits the practical clinical applications of SMPs at present is addressed.