bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A high resistance grounding fault identification method for distribution network considering topological connection
Authors: Deng Ming , Gao Yuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Traditional high resistance grounding fault identification in distribution networks fails to meet load demands, demanding optimization for reliability and economics. A novel approach considers topological connections, applies the Hilbert-Huang transform for signal decomposition, refines components, and utilizes particle swarm optimization to enhance feature vectors. This defines an association matrix and leverages zero sequence current features, accurately pinpointing suspected high resistance ground faults through filtered second derivative concavity and zero crossing point analysis. Experimental data underscores the design method’s exceptional calculation efficiency, capping at 40 milliseconds, and maintaining over 90% fault recognition accuracy. Recognition time notably diminishes, shrinking from 0.91 seconds for 10 iterations to 0.28 seconds for 50 iterations.
Trajectory-tracking control based on backstepping hyperbolic tangent sliding mode control for aerial manipulators
Authors: Yang Bin , Miao Xinghua , Chen Xiaokang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aerial manipulators, as a novel robotic system combining the flexibility of drones and the operational capability of robotic arms, offer significant potential for complex manipulation tasks in diverse environments. However, achieving precise operation tasks with these systems is challenging due to system uncertainty and external disturbances. This paper presents a novel trajectory-tracking control strategy for aerial manipulators using a combination of backstepping and hyperbolic tangent sliding mode control. The backstepping design decomposes the aerial manipulator’s complex system into subsystems, allowing for the step-by-step design of control laws for each subsystem. This method ensures the stability of each step. Additionally, the integration of a hyperbolic tangent sliding surface into each control law ensures smooth transitions and robust performance against disturbances. Simulation results demonstrate that the composite controller exhibits superior tracking control performance when facing external disturbances.
Round fruit picking system based on machine vision
Authors: Fang Xiumei , Zhu Haiyang , Li Sanyan , Zhang Qilong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Traditional fruit quality selection mainly relies on manual labor, which is costly and time-consuming, and the results are difficult to meet the accuracy requirements. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a fruit-picking system based on machine vision technology using MATLAB as a software tool. It takes round fruits as the research object, introducing Zhang’s camera calibration method, making the target picture reach the ideal state through image pre-processing, such as edging processing, filtering and denoising, binary processing, size eigenvalue extraction, etc. Then, the fruit size grade is evaluated by using the Sobel edge detection algorithm. The fruit color grade is evaluated using the HSV detection algorithm to assess the fruit color grade, and a feature extraction method is used to assess the relative score of the defect degree. Finally, a weighted composite score is used to evaluate the fruit quality grade. This paper also designed a visualized GUI interface. The results prove that the system can accurately and quickly perform fruit selection and quality rating.
The Effect of Structural Strengthening On The Dynamic Behavior of Irregular Buildings
Authors: Prasetiyo Dwi , Sangadji Senot , Saifullah Halwan Alfisa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Many buildings have sustained damage due to earthquakes. Buildings with irregularities (asymmetrical structures) are particularly hazardous in seismic zones, where points of stiffness changes, mass changes, and/or strength changes represent weak points. A low level of lateral stiffness makes such structures vulnerable to deformation and eventual structural failure. This study investigates the dynamic behavior of asymmetric structures subjected to earthquake loads. Reinforced concrete asymmetric structures were strengthened with steel bracing placed in various configurations as an evaluation of existing buildings or structures. The method used was linear time history analysis, supported by finite element-based software. The earthquake loads applied were from Imperial Valley 06, Iwate Off, and Chile, matched to the study location. The results of this study indicate that buildings with asymmetrical plans and various bracing configuration placements improve global lateral stiffness. This research is expected to provide valuable insights for determining the optimal placement of bracing to strengthen both new and existing structures.
Comparison of site classification using SPT and seismic downhole survey to evaluate liquefaction severity: A Case study in Serang-Panimbang Section III Toll Road Project
Authors: Heykal Muhammad , Ismanti Sito , Setiawan Hendy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Evaluating liquefaction risk, as an indirect consequence of seismic events, is crucial for mitigating geohazards and achieving sustainable developments in infrastructure projects. The Serang-Panimbang Toll Road, a National Strategic Project in Banten, Indonesia, aims to connect intra-districts, bolster local tourism and establish a new industrial region. In this context, site classification plays a substantial role in determining the impact of earthquakes on soil behavior. This study compared the site classification of two soil investigations, including the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and the downhole seismic (Vs
) survey at eleven sites along the toll route. A marginal sensitivity was observed in the classification as small variations in field measurements could lead to a shift in site class, resulting in significant changes in the surface-level seismic wave amplification. Notably, the correlation between SPT N-values and Vs
is often weak. Studies have confirmed the superior reliability of Vs
for soil profiling, suggesting that its adoption as a mandatory practice should be considered. Analysis of the investigation data classified the sites as belonging to site classes SD, SE, and SF. The Simplified Procedure method was employed to evaluate the liquefaction factor of safety, by considering the Cyclic Stress Ratio (CSR) and the Cyclic Resistance Ratio (CRR). The evaluation utilized parameters derived from the Indonesia Seismic Code, with a 7% likelihood of exceedance in 75 years. The analysis revealed that most areas, predominantly clayey soils, exhibited no liquefaction potential. However, specific sections containing sand lenses displayed a low-level Liquefaction Severity Index (LSI) as identified in three boreholes.
Liquefaction potential analysis using simplified procedure (Case study: Stadium construction project in North Sumatra, Indonesia)
Authors: Mulrony Brian Priadana , Ismanti Sito , Rifa’i Ahmad 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Indonesia’s Seismic Design Standards determine that soils in high-seismicity areas with layers of loose sandy soil and a shallow groundwater level require the calculation of liquefaction potential. According to the Indonesian Liquefaction Vulnerability Zone, North Sumatra is categorized as a liquefaction area. Based on these requirements, this research investigates the liquefaction potential of the Stadium Construction Project in North Sumatra. The study area consists mostly of sand with shallow groundwater levels and high seismic zones associated with the Renun-A fault. Soil investigation data, such as Standard Penetration Test, SPT and groundwater level served as the main data for liquefaction potential analyses. The calculation was done using the SPT-based liquefaction triggering analysis by Idriss and Boulanger method for 3 boreholes with a depth of 40 m. This method considered factors such as the Cyclic Stress Ratio and Cyclic Resistance Ratio to determine the safety factor against liquefaction. Peak ground acceleration was obtained from probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, PSHA and deterministic seismic hazard analysis, DSHA. The PSHA is based on the Indonesian earthquake hazard map from the National Earthquake Study Centre of Indonesia with a probability exceeding 2% in 50 years. The DSHA is calculated based on earthquake sources around the research location according to the Seismic Hazard Deaggregation Map of Indonesia. Based on this analysis, the PGA used is 0.303 g. It is concluded that the presence of liquefaction layers was identified at depths ranging from 4 to 17 meters for three bore-hole locations.
Utilization of Portland Cement and Fly Ash for Treatment of Mercury Polluted Soil through Stabilization/Solidification
Authors: Rachman Ranno Marlany , Faisal Suciati , Trihadiningrum Yulinah , Aswad Nini Hasriyani , Ahmad Fatimah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Traditional gold mining contributes significantly to soil mercury pollution. Stabilization/Solidification (S/S) Technology offers a remediation solution for soils contaminated with heavy metals. Besides the low cost of the technology, the S/S technology can be carried out in situ and ex-situ with material pozzolanic properties, such as Portland cement and fly ash, effectively bind these metals. This study aims to identify the proportion of mercury-contaminated soil mixed with a combination of Portland cement and fly ash. Artificial soil samples with a mercury content of 150 mg/kg were used, and test specimens were formed into 5 cm cubes. In the first phase, different ratios of Portland cement to fly ash were tested: 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50. The second phase focused on the optimal mix ratio based on compressive strength tests for combinations of Portland cement and fly ash with mercury-contaminated soil, with the same ratios as in the first phase. Subsequent compressive strength and specimens were tested using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). The first phase identified the optimal 50:50 ratio of Portland cement to fly ash, achieving a compressive strength of 5559 tons/m2. In the second phase, the same 80:20 ratio for the mix of Portland cement, fly ash, and mercury-contaminated soil yielded a compressive strength of 2902 tons/m2 and a TCLP result of 0.0062 mg/L. All samples met the criteria set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), with variations ranging from 17 MPa for residential concrete to 28 MPa and the TCLP-B quality standard. According to Regulation by Government No. 22 of 2021, the permissible concentration is 0.05 mg/L. The study concludes that increasing the proportion of soil and fly ash Included in the mixture reduces the quality of S/S products.
Land subsidence analysis in Bekasi City and Bekasi Regency using differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar method
Authors: Ihsani Tazkia Tiara , Sutoyo  , Saptomo Satyanto Krido , Suharnoto Yuli , Syafiudin Moh. Fifik 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Land subsidence is a problem faced by many countries worldwide due to massive urbanization over the past few decades, especially in countries with dense populations, including Indonesia. Bekasi became the study’s main subject because, besides being one of Indonesia’s economic support areas, the northern part of Bekasi Regency is directly adjacent to the Java Sea, increasing the potential for seawater intrusion. Furthermore, the presence of land subsidence and the sloping topography in the area contribute to the severity of the losses caused by this potential danger. Hence, this study aims to examine the land subsidence phenomenon in Bekasi between the years 2019 and 2023. This subsidence analysis is performed by using DInSAR method that used SAR images that corrected with DEM so it can produce a final result as a differential interferogram. Bekasi is geographically separated into two administrative regions: Bekasi City and Bekasi Regency. Bekasi City contains nine fringes, while Bekasi Regency contains five fringes. The subsidence rate in Bekasi City varies between 3.4 and 4.3 centimeters per year. Meanwhile, the subsidence rate in Bekasi Regency ranges from 3.8 cm/year to 4.6 cm/year.
Implementation of digital twins to investigate the condition of the bandung state polytechnic student dormitory building
Authors: Labibah Amira , Tamariska Deony , Krisnandi Andri , Astor Yackob , Syaputra Master Jimmy Dekha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Bandung State Polytechnic (Polban) Student Dormitory, built in 1982, has been standing for over 40 years, nearing the building life expectancy recommended by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (PUPR), which is 50 years. This condition has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which left the building vacant for three years, halting its maintenance. The student dormitory is an important facility but has not received adequate annual maintenance funding, resulting in various damages and non-functional facilities. This study investigates building damage using Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) technology to create a 3D model aimed at expediting the investigation at the research site, which includes three dormitory buildings, each with 3 floors and 24 rooms. The investigation results indicate that the Polban Student Dormitory falls into the Moderate Damage category. Non-destructive tests, such as the Hammer Test, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV), and Rebar Scanner, were conducted and processed using ETABS software to assess the condition of the building structure. The results showed that the Polban Student Dormitory has concrete with a column compressive strength of 28.42 MPa, beams at 25.2 MPa, and floor plates at 25.25 MPa, as well as reinforcement with U24 quality.
Eco-friendly concrete bricks with tetris-t model
Authors: Susanti Riza , Fauziyah Shifa , Khoerunissa Nadya , Hapsari Adinda Nur 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The development of construction has resulted in a higher demand for construction materials, especially concrete bricks. However, cement as one of the main components in concrete bricks has several problems. The process of cement making requires SiO2 and CaCO3 from natural sources, which can cause environmental damage. More environmentally friendly materials are needed to substitute the use of cement especially in concrete bricks. One of the materials rich in SiO2 is sugarcane Fiber ash, and materials rich in CaCO3 include eggshell powder. So, both materials are possible to be used as cement substitution materials. Innovation in form is also needed to reduce the use of cement in implementation as well as to speed up implementation time. The purpose of this research is to produce eco-friendly concrete bricks with a new design (Tetris-T model). The method used in this study is an experimental method based on SNI 03-0349-1989. The comparison of the brick mixture used is 1 pc: 6 sands with 4 variations of comparison between sugarcane Fiber ash: eggshell powder, namely variation A (0%:0%), variation B (5%: 10%), variation C (7.5%:7.5%), and variation D (10%:5%). The results of the study show that test specimen C has a compressive strength of 117.227 kg/cm2 and a water absorption of 4.87%. Based on the test results, it can be seen that variation C meets the standard requirements for SNI 03-0349-1989 quality III. The test of the effectiveness of installation on a wall measuring 1 × 1 meter shows that Tetris T innovation bricks take 38.85% less time to install compared to conventional bricks. Based on this research, reducing cement used about 15% can help the implementation of green projects to support sustainable development.
Electrospun microfibers to enhance nutrient supply in bioinks and 3D-bioprinted tissue precursors
Authors: Neuhäusler A , Rogg K , Schröder S , Spiehl D , Zora H , Arefaine E , Schettler J , Hartmann H , Blaeser A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
3D-bioprinting is a promising technique to mimic the complex anatomy of natural tissues, as it comprises a precise and gentle way of placing bioinks containing cells and hydrogel. Although hydrogels expose an ideal growth environment due to their extracellular matrix (ECM)-like properties, high water amount and tissue like microstructure, they lack mechanical strength and possess a diffusion limit of a couple of hundred micrometers. Integration of electrospun fibers could hereby benefit in multiple ways, for instance by controlling mechanical characteristics, cell orientation, direction of diffusion and anisotropic swelling behavior. The aim of this study was to create an advanced ECM-biomimicking scaffold material for tissue engineering, which offers enhanced diffusion properties. PCL bulk membranes were successfully electrospun and fragmented using a cryo cutting technique. Subsequently, these short single fibers (<400 µm in length and ∼5–10 µm in diameter) were embedded in an agarose-based hydrogel after hydrophilization of the short single fibers by O2 plasma treatment. Fiber-filled bioinks exhibit significantly improved biomolecule diffusion (>500 µm), swelling properties (20%–60% of control), and higher mechanical strength, while its viscosity (5–30 mPas*s) and gelation kinetics (28 °C) remained almost unaffected. The diffusion tests indicate a high level of size selectivity, which can be utilized for targeted biomolecule transport in the future. Finally, applying 3D-bioprinting technology (drop-on-demand vs. microextrusion) a print setting dependent post-dispensing orientation of the fibers could be induced, which ultimately paves way for the fabrication of metamaterials with anisotropic material properties. As expected, the fiber-filled bioink was found to be non-cytotoxic in cell culture trials using HUVECs and HepG2 (>80% viability). In summary, microfiber integration holds great promise for 3D-bioprinting of tissue percursors with advanced metamaterial properties and thus offers high applicability in various fields of research, such as in-vitro tissue models, tissue engineered implants or cultivated meat.
A reinforcement learning model for autonomous vehicles with realistic car simulation in urban using Unity
Authors: M Mamdouh Abdulla , Farouk Mohamed , A Khater Hatem , F Hassan Yasser 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Simulator training with reinforcement learning (RL) for autonomous vehicles (AVs) offers advantages over supervised learning. However, transferring the learned behaviours to the real world is a challenging task due to the inconsistencies between the data captured by the vehicle’s sensors in the simulated environment and the real world. Additionally, some of the sensors that the AVs rely on are sensitive to weather and lighting conditions. Our proposed model addresses the challenges of sensor data disparity and environmental variation. It utilizes three sensing components which are radio detection and ranging (RADAR), inertial measurement units (IMUs), and global positioning systems (GPSs) to overcome the addressed drawbacks. The proposed model incorporates a carefully designed reward system and prioritizes computational efficiency by using fewer number of sensors and ensures safe and efficient driving. The chosen sensors enable easier knowledge transfer from the simulator to the real-world due to their consistent data representation. The model leverages the Unity engine and ML agent to train AVs for both urban and highway environments. The experimental results show that our suggested model effectively trained AVs to navigate through complex urban areas without collisions while keeping them in their lanes. The demonstration video is provided in the following link: https://youtu.be/YCOjli7lrCM
Providence and Colonial Slavery
Authors: King Benjamin J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The same Tractarian leaders who gave the laity a role in the Church demanded the enslaved remain subservient to the established social order. Countering historians who argue that it is incoherent to distinguish in the early nineteenth century between proslavery and anti-abolitionism, this chapter critically lays out the latter’s theological foundation in Joseph Butler’s doctrine of providence. In addition, Newman used John Chrysostom’s interpretation of 1 Corinthians 7:20–1, and Froude’s firsthand accounts from Barbados, to express concern about what effects manmade abolition would have on the enslaved. Tractarians thought providence was acting through the Church to bring slavery to an end faster than a previous generation of High Churchmen thought, and argued that conditions for the enslaved would be better if ameliorated by catholic Anglicanism than by the liberal Anglicanism exhibited by T. F. Buxton or Richard Whately. The connection of some prominent Tractarians to the slave economy (Manning, Gladstone, Robert Wilson, John Bowden) and others to abolitionism (Acland, Allies, Robert and Henry Wilberforce) will be revealed.
Consensus Fidelium and Synods
Authors: King Benjamin J 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The first section will expound the doctrine of the common mind of the faithful (consensus fidelium). Its historical origins, including its use by the Church Fathers, will be discussed as these shaped Newman’s theological writings and the Keble brothers’ depiction of the exemplary layperson in the ‘Richard Nelson’ numbers of the Tracts for the Times. The second section will use their theology of consensus fidelium as the lens through which to view the subsequent development of synods in the Church of England. When Tractarian laymen such as Alexander Beresford Hope and Francis Dickinson wanted to make lay consent part of synodal decision-making, the theology of consensus fidelium provided them with a justification for their campaign, even as Keble and Pusey argued against lay participation. A call for Church democracy was not on these Tractarian laymen’s minds, however, any more than on Newman’s when he said the Church ‘must look to the people’.
Two Revolutions: Einstein’s Relativity and Quantum Physics
Authors: Vishveshwara Smitha , Vishveshwara C V 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
“Can you kick apart a black hole?” “What about electrons?” As a child, quantum-physicist Smitha Vishveshwara pondered such questions with her astrophysicist father, C. V. Vishveshwara (Vishu); decades later, their musings grew into a series of letter exchanges in Two Revolutions: Einstein’s Relativity and Quantum Physics. The letters between father and daughter lead the scientifically curious reader through these two remarkable branches of physics that dramatically changed our perception of Nature. From the subatomic to the astronomical realms, they weave a rich tapestry of scientific insight, history, personal anecdotes, philosophy, and wonder. The book traces Einstein’s tenacious journey in formulating the theory of relativity, in which space and time merge, and gravitation warps spacetime, forming the very fabric of the Universe. The book reveals how black holes and gravitational waves emerge as bizarre and awe-inspiring offspring of this theory. In the quantum realm, the book mulls over conundrums posed by wave-particle duality, Schrödinger’s curious cat, the beautiful dance of electrons in atoms, and entanglement. It explores communities of particles acting in marvelous concert in magnetic resonance imaging, superfluids, and more. Fate took unforeseen twists while the book was still in the making. In 2016, after decades of work by numerous researchers, the detection of gravitational waves—Vishu’s lifelong dream—finally came to pass. Emanating from two inspiraling black holes a billion light years away, the waves’ signals even showed hints of Vishu’s pioneering predictions on black hole ringdowns from the 1970s. But soon after that glorious culmination, Vishu fell critically ill. Smitha concludes their story by recreating the euphoria of scientific discovery against the intimate backdrop of life and death.