bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Free Volume Manipulation to Improve the Membrane Separation Performance of Amine‐Functionalized PIM‐1
Authors: Mizrahi Rodriguez Katherine , Lin Sharon , Wu Albert X. , Han Gang , Teesdale Justin J. , Doherty Cara M. , Smith Zachary P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGas‐separation polymer membranes display a characteristic permeability–selectivity trade‐off that has limited their industrial use. The most comprehensive approach to improving performance is to devise strategies that simultaneously increase fractional free volume, narrow free volume distribution, and enhance sorption selectivity, but generalizable methods for such approaches are exceedingly rare. Here, we present an in situ crosslinking and solid‐state deprotection method to access previously inaccessible sorption and diffusion characteristics in amine‐functionalized polymers of intrinsic microporosity. Free volume element (FVE) size can be increased while preserving a narrow FVE distribution, enabling below‐upper bound polymers to surpass the H2/N2, H2/CH4, and O2/N2 upper bounds and improving CO2‐based selectivities by 200 %. This approach can transform polymers into chemical analogues with improved performance, thereby overcoming traditional permeability–selectivity trade‐offs.
Is Treatment in Patients With Suspected Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis Effective? Six‐Month Results of a Placebo‐Controlled Trial
Authors: Rusman Tamara , van der Weijden Mignon A. C. , Nurmohamed Michael T. , Landewé Robert B. M. , de Winter Janneke J. H. , Boden Bouke J. H. , Bet Pierre M. , van der Bijl Carmella M. A. , van der Laken Conny , van der Horst‐Bruinsma Irene E. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of 16‐week treatment with etanercept (ETN) in patients with suspected nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (SpA).MethodsTumor necrosis factor inhibitor–naive patients with inflammatory back pain with at least 2 SpA features and high disease activity (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score ≥4), without the requirement of a positive finding on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sacroiliac (SI) joint and/or elevated C‐reactive protein (CRP) level, were randomized (1:1) to receive ETN (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) for 16 weeks and subsequently were followed up for a further 8 weeks (to 24 weeks from baseline) without study medication. The primary end point was the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society 20 (ASAS20) response at 16 weeks. Secondary end points included the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) and changes in disease parameters, including the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), CRP level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada index scores (MRI of the SI joint), after 16 and 24 weeks.ResultsPatient characteristics at baseline were comparable between the ETN and placebo groups. At 16 weeks, there was no significant difference in the percentage of patients exhibiting ASAS20 response between the ETN group (6 patients [16.7%]) and the placebo group (4 patients [11.1%]) (relative risk 0.7 [95% confidence interval 0.2–2.2], P = 0.5). Only the ESR showed more improvement in the ETN group compared to the placebo group at 16 weeks (decreases of 2.2 mm/hour and 1.4 mm/hour, respectively), but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Between 16 and 24 weeks, without study medication, the BASMI, CRP level, and ESR had worsened to a greater extent in the ETN group compared to the placebo group, with the difference being significant for the CRP level.ConclusionThis study shows that in patients with suspected nonradiographic axial SpA with high disease activity but without the requirement of a positive finding on SI joint MRI and/or elevated CRP level, treatment with ETN is not effective.
The Type II Anti‐CD20 Antibody Obinutuzumab (GA101) Is More Effective Than Rituximab at Depleting B Cells and Treating Disease in a Murine Lupus Model
Authors: Marinov Anthony D. , Wang Haowei , Bastacky Sheldon I. , van Puijenbroek Erwin , Schindler Thomas , Speziale Dario , Perro Mario , Klein Christian , Nickerson Kevin M. , Shlomchik Mark J. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveDepleting pathogenic B cells could treat systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, depleting B cells in an inflammatory setting such as lupus is difficult. This study was undertaken to investigate whether a type II anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody (mAb) with a different mechanism of action, obinutuzumab (GA101), is more effective than a type I anti‐CD20 mAb, rituximab (RTX), in B cell depletion in lupus, and whether efficient B cell depletion results in amelioration of disease.MethodsWe treated lupus‐prone MRL/lpr mice expressing human CD20 on B cells (hCD20 MRL/lpr mice) with either RTX or GA101 and measured B cell depletion under various conditions, as well as multiple clinical end points.ResultsA single dose of GA101 was markedly more effective than RTX in depleting B cells in diseased MRL/lpr mice (P < 0.05). RTX overcame resistance to B cell depletion in diseased MRL/lpr mice with continuous treatments. GA101 was more effective in treating hCD20 MRL/lpr mice with early disease, as GA101‐treated mice had reduced glomerulonephritis (P < 0.05), lower anti‐RNA autoantibody titers (P < 0.05), and fewer activated CD4+ T cells (P < 0.0001) compared to RTX‐treated mice. GA101 also treated advanced disease, and continual treatment prolonged survival. Using variants of GA101, we also elucidated B cell depletion mechanisms in vivo in mice with lupus.ConclusionAlbeit both anti‐CD20 antibodies ameliorated early disease, GA101 was more effective than RTX in important parameters, such as glomerulonephritis score. GA101 proved beneficial in an advanced disease model, where it prolonged survival. These data support clinical testing of GA101 in SLE and lupus nephritis.
Reading Goals and Executive Function in Autism: An Eye‐Tracking Study
Authors: Micai Martina , Vulchanova Mila , Saldaña David 
Published: December 2020

The sources of reading comprehension difficulties in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are still open to discussion. We explored their ability to adapt reading strategies to different reading goals using eye‐tracking technology. A group of participants with ASD, and intelligence‐, receptive oral language‐ and reading skills‐matched control peers, read three stories under three different reading goals conditions: read for entertainment; read for study; and read fast and search information for a previously presented question. Each text required participants to answer comprehension questions. The ASD group was less accurate in question answering. The control group was faster in reading questions, displayed more fixations on the text, and reported to be more confident in question answering during reading for study compared to reading for entertainment. These differences between reading goals were not observed in the ASD group. The control group adopted and was aware of using different reading strategies according to different reading goals. In contrast, the ASD group did not change their reading behavior and strategies between entertainment and study reading goal condition, showing less of a tendency to adopt deep‐level processing strategies when necessary. Planning, as measured by Tower of Hanoi, was the only executive task that predicted individual differences in text reading time across conditions. Participants with better planning ability were also able to adapt their reading behavior to different reading instructions. Difficulties in adjusting the reading behavior according to the task, evaluating own performance and planning may be partly involved in reading comprehension problems in ASD.Lay abstractThe control group read questions faster, reported to be more confident in question answering during reading for study compared to reading for entertainment, and were aware of using different reading strategies according to different reading goals. In contrast, the autistic group did not change their reading behavior and strategies according to the reading goal. Difficulties in adjusting the reading behavior according to the task, in evaluating own performance and in planning may be partly involved in reading comprehension problems in autism. Autism Res 2021, 14: 1007–1024. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, LLC
Environmental management practices and financial performance using data envelopment analysis in Japan: The mediating role of environmental performance
Authors: Aslam Shoaib , Elmagrhi Mohamed H. , Rehman Ramiz Ur , Ntim Collins G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between environmental management practices (EMPs) and financial performance (FP) and consequently ascertains whether environmental performance (EP) can mediate the EMPs–FP nexus. Distinctly using data envelopment analysis and generalised method of moments techniques to analyse a comprehensive dataset of Nikkei 225 listed firms from 2007 to 2018 (1920 firm‐year observations), our findings first suggest that EMPs have a positive effect on FP. Second, the desired EP can be achieved through the adoption of comprehensive EMPs. Third, improved EP has a substantial impact on shaping the EMPs' effect on FP. These findings are consistent with the predictions of resource‐based view and institutional theories. The results are robust to controlling for different types of alternative measures and endogeneities. The findings have important implications for academics, investors, managers, policymakers and regulators.
Self‐compassion for youth in small city centres: A school‐based pilot project
Authors: Henson Alisha , Ruglis Jessica , Sinacore Ada , Fitzpatrick Marilyn , Lanteigne Dianna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this pilot study was to explore the benefits of a self‐compassion intervention that was delivered in school to grade nine youth during their transition to high school in a small city centre in Ontario, Canada. All participants were assigned female at birth. Self‐compassion (SC) was identified as an important intervention for this population based on a community‐based participatory research (CBPR) process that included youth living with mental health challenges, mental health practitioners, gatekeepers and academics. The CBPR process helped with problem identification and the modification of a self‐compassion intervention for use in school for youth. The modified SC programme was delivered in two physical education classes, using a 2 × 2 crossover design (i.e. intervention or school as usual). Self‐report measures focused on increasing mental health (e.g. well‐being, values, self‐compassion) and decreasing mental illness (e.g. depression, anxiety) were collected at baseline and pre–post intervention. Data analysed via ANCOVAs and non‐parametric tests indicate no statistically significant results. At baseline, most students had relatively average scores for mental health and mental illness; therefore, floor and ceiling effects may have impacted measurable change. In this relatively healthy group, the benefits of the SC programme may be the capacity to continue to accept and support oneself in facing challenges, as is the overall goal of self‐compassion. Future research may focus on using self‐compassion interventions with youth in clinical settings or a longitudinal analysis with a comparison group.
Multi C−H Functionalization Reactions of Carbazole Heterocycles via Gold‐Catalyzed Carbene Transfer Reactions
Authors: Jana Sripati , Empel Claire , Nguyen Thanh Vinh , Koenigs Rene M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHerein we describe a multiple C−H functionalization reaction of carbazole heterocycles with diazoalkanes. We show that gold catalysts play a distinct role in enabling a multiple C−H functionalization reaction to introduce up to six carbene fragments onto molecules containing multiple carbazole units or to link multiple carbazole units into a single molecule. A one‐pot stepwise approach enables the introduction of two different carbene fragments to allow orthogonal deprotection and straightforward derivatization.
Stereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of Propionate‐Derived Trisubstituted Alkene Motifs
Authors: Miura Tomoya , Oku Naoki , Shiratori Yota , Nagata Yuuya , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report a new method for constructing propionate‐derived trisubstituted alkene motifs in a stereoselective manner. 1‐Substituted 1,1‐di(pinacolatoboryl)‐(E)‐alk‐2‐enes are generated in situ from 1‐substituted 1,1‐di(pinacolatoboryl)alk‐3‐enes through ruthenium(II)‐catalyzed double‐bond transposition. These species undergo a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed allylation reaction of aldehydes to produce the E isomers of anti‐homoallylic alcohols. On the other hand, the corresponding Z isomers of anti‐homoallylic alcohols are obtained when a dimeric palladium(I) complex is employed as the catalyst for this double‐bond transposition. Thus, both E and Z isomers can be synthesized from the same starting materials. A B−C(sp2) bond remaining with the allylation product undergoes the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction to furnish a propionate‐derived trisubstituted alkene motif in a stereo‐defined form. The present method to construct the motifs with (E)‐ and (Z)‐alkenes are successfully applied to the syntheses of (+)‐isotrichostatic acid, (−)‐isotrichostatin RK, and (+)‐trichostatic acid, respectively.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Fosaprepitant Dimeglumine in Healthy Chinese Volunteers: Bioequivalence Study
Authors: Lu Kang , Lin Sisi , Wang Yannan , Hao Rui , Fang Lu , Zhu Jingjing , Zhao Di , Yu Jin , Tong Shengjia , Wu Yi , Si Yongkai , Ye Tiantian , Yang Qigang , Wang Ying 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFosaprepitant dimeglumine (FD) is a precursor of aprepitant. FD can be metabolized into aprepitant. This randomized, single‐center, open, 2‐cycle, single‐dose, crossover bioequivalence study compared the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of intravenously FD of test and reference products in healthy volunteers (HVs). HVs were assigned to the test group or reference group randomly and given FD intravenously. The plasma concentration of FD and aprepitant was measured using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. PK parameters were ascertained based on a noncompartmental model. Data for 29 HVs were obtained. The geometric mean and 90% confidence intervals of maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to time of last measurable plasma concentration (AUC0‐t), and area from the last datum point to time infinity (AUC0‐∞) of test and reference groups were 101.69% (95.06%, 108.77%), 103.52% (99.15%, 108.09%), and 105.58% (99.51%, 112.01%), respectively. These 3 parameters were within the acceptance range of 80.0% to 125.00%, and the test product was bioequivalent to the reference product. The coefficient of variation (CV) of Cmax, AUC0‐t, and AUC0‐∞ was 15.14%, 9.67%, and 11.89%, respectively. Intravenously administered FD provided by 2 sponsors achieved bioequivalence. FD values from test and reference products were bioequivalent. All adverse events were mild and serious adverse events absent in HVs. This study indicated that FD may provide a safer alternative to aprepitant for chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting.
Yoga practice among ethnically/racially diverse emerging adults: Associations with body image, mindful and disordered eating, and muscle‐enhancing behaviors
Authors: Neumark‐Sztainer Dianne , Wall Melanie M. , Levine Alina , Barr‐Anderson Daheia J. , Eisenberg Marla E. , Larson Nicole 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study explores cross‐sectional associations between yoga and body image, mindful eating, disordered eating, and muscle‐enhancing behaviors among a population‐based sample of ethnically/racially diverse emerging adults.MethodAn ethnically/racially diverse population‐based sample of 1,568 emerging adults (18–26 years) completed surveys as part of EAT 2010–2018 (Eating and Activity over Time). Models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and body mass index (BMI).ResultsPracticing yoga at least 30 min/week was reported by 12.7% (n = 210) of the sample. Yoga practitioners had higher levels of mindful eating than those not practicing yoga. Although effect sizes were small, yoga practitioners were more likely than non‐yoga practitioners to use steroids (3.8 vs. 0.7%, p < .001, h = 0.22) or protein powder/shakes (35.1 vs. 25.3%, p < .010, h = 0.21) to increase their muscle size/tone. Body satisfaction, unhealthy weight control behaviors, and binge eating tended to be similar among yoga practitioners and non‐yoga practitioners. There was a significant interaction between BMI and yoga in predicting body satisfaction with a trend toward a positive impact among yoga practitioners at higher BMI values. Interactions between yoga practice and all body image attitudes and behaviors across gender and ethnicity/race were not statistically significant.DiscussionYoung people from diverse ethnic/racial backgrounds who practice yoga are more likely to engage in mindful eating but have equal or elevated levels of unhealthy body image attitudes and behaviors as compared to non‐yoga practitioners. Further research should explore how yoga is best taught and practiced to ensure that it is beneficial for body image and related behaviors.
Predicting visual working memory with multimodal magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Xiao Yu , Lin Ying , Ma Junji , Qian Jiehui , Ke Zijun , Li Liangfang , Yi Yangyang , Zhang Jinbo ,   Cam‐CAN, Dai Zhengjia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe indispensability of visual working memory (VWM) in human daily life suggests its importance in higher cognitive functions and neurological diseases. However, despite the extensive research efforts, most findings on the neural basis of VWM are limited to a unimodal context (either structure or function) and have low generalization. To address the above issues, this study proposed the usage of multimodal neuroimaging in combination with machine learning to reveal the neural mechanism of VWM across a large cohort (N = 547). Specifically, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging features extracted from voxel‐wise amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations, gray matter volume, and fractional anisotropy were used to build an individual VWM capacity prediction model through a machine learning pipeline, including the steps of feature selection, relevance vector regression, cross‐validation, and model fusion. The resulting model exhibited promising predictive performance on VWM (r = .402, p < .001), and identified features within the subcortical‐cerebellum network, default mode network, motor network, corpus callosum, anterior corona radiata, and external capsule as significant predictors. The main results were then compared with those obtained on emotional regulation and fluid intelligence using the same pipeline, confirming the specificity of our findings. Moreover, the main results maintained well under different cross‐validation regimes and preprocess strategies. These findings, while providing richer evidence for the importance of multimodality in understanding cognitive functions, offer a solid and general foundation for comprehensively understanding the VWM process from the top down.
Prevalence of pregnancy‐related complications and associated factors among reproductive‐aged women in northwest Ethiopia: A community‐based retrospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kebede Zemene T. , Yigezaw Getachew S. , Yilma Tesfahun M. , Delele Tadesse G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the Prevalence and factors associated with pregnancy‐related complications among reproductive‐aged women in northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA community‐based retrospective cross‐sectional study was conducted among 2367 mothers who delivered from November 2018 to April 2019. Two‐stage stratified random sampling technique was employed in clustered villages from three districts out of 10. Pretested and semi‐structured interviewer‐administered questionnaire was used to collect information on pregnancy‐related complications. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify the associated factors.ResultsOverall, 2335 (98.6%) women participated in the study. Mean age of respondents was 15.4 (SD ±3.2) years and 1763 (75.5%) of the women were below 18 years of age. The number of pregnancy‐related complications was 372 (15.9%). Severe headache and high fever were the most frequently reported complications. Having a history of known health problem (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 10.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.10–14.10), history of hypertension (aOR 3.90, 95% CI 1.10–14.20), heart problems (aOR 1.90, 95% CI 1.10–3.30), and living in urban areas (aOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.10–1.81) were the factors associated with pregnancy‐related complications.ConclusionThe number of pregnancy‐related complications was high. Having a history of a known health problem, having a hypertension problem, having a heart problem, and being an urban resident were contributing factors.
Faculty subcultures in engineering and their implications for organizational change
Authors: Berger Edward J. , Wu Chuhao , Briody Elizabeth K. , Wirtz Elizabeth , Rodríguez‐Mejía Fredy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrior efforts to understand faculty culture have largely described monoliths where individuals are differentiated by their productivity. Little prior work provides rich faculty subcultural descriptions and their connections to specific activities, including disposition to change.Purpose/HypothesisThis article describes the goals, assumptions, methods, and inferences made about faculty culture within an engineering department at a large university with very high research activity, with the potential to enrich future discussions about change among the target audience of engineering faculty, administrators, and researchers.Design/MethodWe employ cultural consensus theory (CCT) to characterize faculty culture, based upon a detailed survey, analysis, and member checking. We use the academic ratchet—as a theoretical framework to interpret CCT results, and extend our understanding using previously published change theories.ResultsWe discovered two faculty subcultures of roughly equal membership: (a) change‐oriented and (b) continuity‐embracing. Members of each subculture agree on the primacy of research but differ in their views of change, leadership, and trust. Members of the change‐oriented subculture seek large‐scale changes but feel disempowered to pursue them, while members of the continuity‐embracing subculture seek modest changes and feel empowered to enact them.ConclusionsWe introduce a scalable, person‐centered culture characterization approach (CCT) to the engineering education research community. This approach deepens our understanding of faculty culture, and our results reinforce the central role of the academic ratchet in shaping faculty activities. This analysis illustrates the potential roles of each subculture in enacting change of various types and magnitudes.