bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Harm Behavior among Adolescent Students of Higher Secondary Schools of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Giri Anil 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: A sizable amount of adolescents do self-harm, but most cases do not reach medical services as well as the attention of college administration and parents, making such a study essential to be carried out. The prevalence of suicidal thoughts and deliberate self-harm behavior remains largely unexplored. In this study, self-harm behaviors among adolescents studying at higher secondary schools were evaluated in selected schools of Kathmandu Valley in Nepal.
Methods: The purposive sampling of five different higher secondary schools in the Kathmandu valley were taken as a study area and the census was done to select the sample population of the selected higher secondary school. A crosssectional analysis of self-administered questionnaire data was collected aftertaking informed and assent consent from participants (n= 243)14-19 years old.
Results: The prevalence of lifetime self-harm was approximately 55.6%. The most commonly used self-harm method was scratching the skin intensely (14.5%) and was followed by carving words or other marks on the skin (14.0%). Of those who reported self-harm, 34.8%, intentionally hurt themselves to get the attention of others and 17.8% to punish themselves. Concurrent alcohol consumption (OR=3.660), cigarette smoking (OR=2.50), and depression (OR= 3.01) were associated with a significantly increased risk of self-harm. Similarly, problems with various social relationships were associated with the risk of self-harm. 68.1% knew other people harming themselves before they were involved in self-harm and 19.6% were influenced by family, friends, and media to harm themselves.
Conclusions: Self-harm behaviors are common among adolescents. Although the majority of self-harm behavior is not accompanied by a desire to die (serious attempt), all self-harm regardless of motivation is associated with an increased risk of deliberately harming when it is carried out repeatedly.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Confirmed Cases and Nepal’s Response for Prevention and Control of COVID-19
Authors: Poudel Sasmita 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The first case of COVID-19 was reported in Wuhan, China. "COVID- 19 has already spread worldwide with the total number of 2,241, 778 confirmed cases and 152, 551 deaths. There are 31 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Nepal as of 19 April 2020." This article aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the context of Nepal and discuss prevention and control measures taken by the Government of Nepal (GoN).
Methods: The epidemiological characteristics of 31 confirmed cases in Nepal were analyzed using data available from a daily press release and Nepal situation report published by the Ministry of Health and Population, GoN. The data were analyzed and presented using SPSS and Arc GIS.
Results: Of these 31confirmed cases, 29 (93.5%) cases were imported into the country and 2 (6.5%) were suspected to be secondary cases originating in Nepal either through the family contact or community contact. Among the confirmed cases, 77.4% are males and four cases have already been recovered. The mean age of confirmed cases in Nepal is 36.7 years, with the age ranging from 19 years to 81 years with the highest number (13) reported from province 1.The highest number of cases (14) were reported on 17 April 2020.
Conclusion: The distribution of confirmed cases varied with age, sex, and geographical location. The cases are high in males, in the age group of 20-29 years, and in Udayapur district of Province 1. Most of the confirmed cases in Nepal was reported among the individuals who have recently returned to Nepal from foreign countries with evidence of local transmission in the country linked with the imported cases. Different prevention and control strategies are being implemented at the provincial and national levels with the expansion of laboratory facilities for testing COVID-19.
Pengaruh Interaksi Parasosial Terhadap Hubungan Parasosial, Kredibilitas Endorser Dan Niat Beli Penggemar Syahrini Terhadap Produk Kosmetik Di Media Instagram
Authors: Anindyasari Yurike , Kusumasondjaya Sony 
Published: June 2020

The number of Instagram users continue to grow from year to year and so parasocial concept does. Parasocial concept itself is getting popular to those who study media. Nowdays, parasocial concept is used a lot more in daily lives by marketeers. Marketeers compete to pick the most influencial person who has the ability to attract others in order to promote special products/brands. This study was aimed at examining the influences of parasocial interaction, parasocial relationship, endorser credibility, and purchase intention of Syahrini’s fans on a make-up product. This research was a quantitative research using online questionnaire. Data were collected through online questionnaire and filled by Syahrini’s fan base on Instagram. The sample of this study used Syahrini’s women fans who never have bought a typical of make-up product (Lakme make-up) before. Later on, respondents were required to watch a short video about Syahrini before they finally filled the online questionnaire. A significant influence between parasocial interaction and parasocial relationship; a significant influence between parasocial relationship and endorser credibility; a significant influence between parasocial relationship and purchase intention; and a non significant influence between endorser credibility and purchase intention. The implication practice of this study is marketeers should choose the most ideal public figure, especially the one who could build such a strong relationship with fans. Also marketeers should be more innovative in creating new ways of communicating between fans and their idols.
ORGANISATIONAL GREEN BEHAVIOURAL CHANGE: THE ROLE OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ik Muo , Azeez Adebayo Adepoju 
Published: June 2020

The pervasive environmental crisis across the globe has been traced to unsustainable business practices of corporations. This live-threatening phenomenon continues to generate vivacious debates, with scholars and other green stakeholders suggesting certain behavioral patterns as a solution to the scourge. However, while some organisations are realising the need for green processes and behaviors to key to sustainability practices, they are being confronted with the dilemma of the most effective ways to go about it. Organizational Green Behaviour Change (OGBC) the process actually requires complete overhauling of the entire system because it will touch all aspects of the organization and likely to alter the status quo with a possibility for change resistance. Hence, the role of Change Management is inevitable to have a seamlessly OGBC process in an organisation. Consequently, this paper attempts to review the role of Change Management in the successful delivery of OGBC vis-a-vis resistance to change (RTC). The paper adopts a content-based literature review methodology to achieve its set objectives. Findings suggest that organisation change managers need expert support toward a successful OGBC implementation to enable them to achieve desired OGBC outcomes efficiently. Secondly, it reveals that for organisations to record success in the OGBC process, all stakeholders (internal and external) interests and concerns must be taken into account ab initio. Thirdly, the paper highlights the need for a real link between Change Management and OGBC for effective management of RTC in the OGBC process. Lastly, the study admits its inability to report its findings quantitatively, and recommend active involvement of change management scholars in the growth and development of green literature for sustainability sake.
A Peer-to-Peer Lending Methods in Management of Zakat Funds through Sharia Financial Institutions
Authors: Rizki Darlin 
Published: June 2020

The gap of living standards in society should be minimized through the potential of zakat in Indonesia. Indonesian population has recorded by the Central Bureau of Statistics, in March 2018 amounted to 265 million and was expected to reach 271 million by 2020, then the poor society in Indonesia were 25.95 million people. Correspondingly, the dominance of Muslims in Indonesia makes zakat as a potential welfare instrument.The study was conducted by PIRAC noted that, the potential of Zakat funds amounting to 20 billion in Indonesia. Where the average person per year has the potential to spend Rp. 557.267. However, this potential has not been able to be achieved by BAZNAS. Many destitute and poor groups from year to year remain status as mustahik. Among the obstacles faced was located in the management and distribution of zakat funds. This study aims to examine the management and distribution model of ZAKAT through Islamic Financial Institutions (LKS) using Peer to Peer Lending (P2PL) methods. With a qualitative descriptive approach, zakat funds could be managed by LKS institutions with this method, because P2PL schemes are inclusive in managing zakat funds. In that management, the funds awere divided into two, namely consumptive and productive funds. By LAZ through LKS the productive funds were managed with management and products contained in the LKS. One of the supporting instruments is halal investment. By using methods P2PL investment, zakat funds can grow each month with little downside risk. In line with the development of the Financial Tecnogy (FinTech), LAZ with LKS can work together in the utilization of information technology to manage and distribute zakat funds to boost the economy and reduce mustahik in Indonesia.
Keywords: P2PL, Zakat, Platform, Investment, LKS
Zakat Collectible in OIC Countries for Poverty Alleviation: A Primer on Empirical Estimation
Authors: Ahmed Shaikh Salman 
Published: June 2020

This study estimates potential Zakat collectible in 17 member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). In our estimation, we found that the zakat to GDP ratio exceeds the poverty gap index to GDP (PGI-GDP) ratio in all but 3 countries, with poverty line defined at $1.25 a day. We also found that the zakat to GDP ratio exceeds the PGI-GDP ratio, except in 4 countries with poverty line defined at $2.00 a day. We also compared zakat to GDP ratio against poverty headcount ratio. According to our estimates, the Zakat to GDP ratio exceeds the poverty head count ratio to GDP (PHCR-GDP), except in 5 countries with poverty line defined at $1.25 a day. We also found that zakat to GDP ratio exceeds PHCR-GDP ratio except in 7 countries, with poverty line defined at $2.00 a day. Thus, the institution of Zakat has ample potential to contribute towards the alleviation of poverty. Lastly, we show that the aggregate resources pooled together from the potential Zakat collection in 17 OIC countries will be enough to fund resources for poverty alleviation in all 17 OIC countries combined.
Keywords: Zakat, Fiscal Policy, Poverty, Redistribution
Had Kifayah Zakah and Adequacy of Income Redistribution: A Proposal Framework
Authors: Taufiq Possumah Bayu 
Published: June 2020

Social security systems traditionally serve a dual purpose: they maintain acquired living standards in the event of the materialization of social risks and combat poverty by guaranteeing adequate minimum income. In this paper we consider Zakat as an important mechanism that strengthens the economy of the entire society by providing Had kifayah as a way to redistribute income. Zakat is also a source of social security to the community, especially to those under inadequate living standards. Had Kifayah Zakat can work as a minimum standard to manage redistribution of income, thereby reducing poverty and balancing economic growth in our society.
Keywords: Had Kifayah; Zakat; Social Security; Income redistribution; adequacy
Zakat as a Sustainable and Effective Strategy for Poverty Alleviation: from the Perspective of a Multi-Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Ariyani Nafiah 
Published: June 2020

Zakat is believed to be an alternative solution to overcome the problems of socioeconomic inequality and particularly poverty. Zakat has been widely practiced in the Islamic world for centuries; however, in order to measure the effectiveness of the system we need support of the empirical facts. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of poverty alleviation patterns based on zakat compared with the pattern of poverty alleviation efforts run by the government and the pattern of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), as well as the key determinant factors. Measurement of effectiveness is based on 30 attributes that include the dimensions of input, process and output. The study uses a multi-criteria decision analysis approach that is supported by the software Rappoverty. The findings show that the pattern of zakat-based poverty alleviation program performs better on all attributes compared to the pattern of other programs. The sensitive leverage factors that determine performance status consist of: the suitability of the program to the needs of the target communities, socialization and education, inter-agency coordination, consistency in the implementation of the rules, the existence of public institutions to carry out and support the program, improvement of welfare recipients, as well as an increase in the number of beneficiaries. The findings of this study indicate that the pattern of poverty reduction programs based on zakat can be a useful model for policy makers in developing effective poverty alleviation programs.
Keywords: zakat, performance status, leverage factors
Zakat and SDGs: Impact Zakat on Human Development in the Five States of Malaysia
Authors: Suprayitno Eko , Aslam Mohamed , Harun Azhar 
Published: June 2020

Zakat is intended to stimulate economic development, education, social, human resources empowerment, religion health, and insurance programs. The seven programs above are implemented by the Malaysian government to improve economic growth. The aim of the study is to examine the impact zakat on human development program in Malaysia using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bound testing approach. The analysis was carried out for the period from 1980–2009. The finding of the research reveals that zakat has a positive and significant influence on human development in five state in the short and long run. Zakat in Malaysia can be used as tool of fiscal policy that is decided in the states of Malaysia to stimulate human development and economic growth in the long run.
Keyword: Zakat, Human Development, Granger causality test
The Need of Establishment of Professional Amil Zakat to Enhance the Future Zakat Development
Authors: Akhyar Adnan Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

This is basically a conceptual paper. It discusses and proposes the need of establishment of the so-called Professional Amil Zakat. The remarkable development of zakat in Muslim countries so far has to be appreciated highly. However, several things must be done, since the achievement is still far below the potential power available.Among many factors that contribute to the development of zakat is that the existence and the role of Amil Zakat. Needless to say, Zakat development will be hopeless without them. However, there is not much attention has been paid to them.The paper argues that the development of Amil Zakat will in turn enhance the successfulness of zakat practices in the future. A way to do so is by establishing the official professional body of Amil Zakat, locally, nationally, or globally. The establishment of such body is believed that it will enhance the professionalism, which finally supports the practices of Zakat.
Keywords: Zakat, Amil, Assocation, Professionalism, Future Development
Role of Zakat as Social Finance Catalyst to Islamic Banking and Economic Growth
Authors: Nur Bayinah Ai 
Published: June 2020

This paper is aimed to assess the contribution of Zakat in boosting Islamic banks’ financing and economic growth for the period 2011-2015, in 10 district/city of West Java Province, Indonesia. Through Vector Autoregressive (VAR) panel co-integration analysis, variance decompositions (VD) and impulse response functions (IRF), this study investigates Zakat, Islamic Banking, and economic growth nexus. Findings in this research highlight that Zakat has a significant impact on Islamic banking, so this institution would contribute to economic growth both in the short and the long run, with fluctuation in variance from the first year. The results lend support to the view that Zakat not only leads to social benefits but also has a positive impact on the economy through increasing Islamic banks’ financing. Therefore, this research will serve as a motivation for the industry players and regulators to continuously promote Zakat as a strategic policy. The originality of this research is to assess Zakat-led growth and finance by analyzing the impact of Zakat on the Islamic banking and regional economic outcome. Another novel aspect of this study is in the methodology as it employs VAR panel co-integration analysis, VDs and IRFs on the set of annual data.
Keywords: Zakat, Islamic Banking Financing, Economic Growth, West Java
Optimization of BAZNAS Programs on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Analytic Network Process Approach (ANP)
Authors: Handi Khalifah Mohamad , Soleh Nurzaman Mohammad , Cholil Nafis Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

With the release of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program, the Government of Indonesia (BAPPENAS) is committed to realizing Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in Indonesia. The essence of the spirit of Islam in solving poverty is the inclusive nature that must be attached to the development of Islamic finance and related to issues of poverty alleviation as a basic responsibility in achieving the goals of Shari’ah (al maqashid Shari’ah). In realizing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it will require Zakat Organizational Programs. The purpose of this study is to measure the priority scale of the 7 Grand Programs of BAZNAS on 17 Goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This research uses Analytical Network Process (ANP) method, wherein the process performs pairwise comparison and uses super matrix calculations to measure the interrelationship between the elements. The results of the measurements by Analytical Network Process (ANP) and statistics show some of the priority conclusions which include Pillars of Environmental Development (W= 0.47783), Partnership for All Development Objectives (W= 0.00486) and Zakat Community Development (W=0.07367).
Keywords: Zakat Program, Sustainable Development Goals, Optimization, Development
The Evaluationof Mustahiq Training Effectiveness in Rumah Gemilang Indonesia (RGI) for the 16th Generation to Increase Work Readiness
Authors: Rahmi Adilah Fauziyah , Findi Muhammad , Muhamad Ali Khalifah 
Published: June 2020

Indonesia is the fourth largest country in the world in terms of population size. However, the potential of large amounts of Indonesian human resources cannot be optimized due to the continuing high number of unemployed people. Rumah Gemilang Indonesia (RGI) is a program run by the Al-Azhar National Amil Zakat Institute, focusing on the eradication of productive-age unemployment. The purpose of this research is to examine the implementation of the mustahiq training organized by RGI and to evaluate the running of mustahiq training at the reaction level, learning level, behavioral level, and results level. The methods used to process and analyze the data are descriptive analysis and paired data t-test. The result shows that the mustahiq training organized by RGI has been effective. At the reaction level, the respondents were quite contented with the training. The result of the paired data t-test at the learning level shows that there is a significant difference inmustahiqs’ competence before and after the training. At the behavioral level, on average, the respondents always apply the training materials to their job. At the results level, RGI’s vision to increase the level of work readiness has been achieved.
Keyword: Kirkpatrick model, paired data t-test, productive zakat, training effectiveness, unemployment measure
Measuring the Efficiency of BAZNAS in Managing Zakat Funds with Stochastic Frontier Approach Analysis, 2002–2016
Authors: A. Risanda , Luthfi Faishol , Herianingrum Sri 
Published: June 2020

This study aims to measure the technical efficiency and identify factors that cause technical inefficiency of Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) in managing zakat funds on receipt and the distribution of zakat funds. The data used were time series data from 2002 to2016. The input variables used were total assets and operational costs, while the output variables were the receipt of zakat funds and the distribution of zakat funds. Using stochastic frontier analysis, this study has successfully identified that total assets and operational costs had a positive and significant effect on the receipt of zakat funds. The same results also demonstrated that the operational costs for the distribution of zakat funds had a positive and significant effect. The results for total assets on distribution of zakat funds were positive but not significant. Overall, the technical efficiency regarding the receipt of BAZNAS zakat funds was found to be 94.98 percent, which means that there is 5.02 percent remaining that could still be optimized, while technical efficiency regarding the distribution of BAZNAS zakat funds was found to be 70.99 percent, leaving 29.01 percent that could still be optimized.
Keywords: Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS), Stochastic Frontier Analysis, Technical Efficiency
Analysis of BAZNAS Tangerang District Performance
Authors: Suryaningtyas Rahma 
Published: June 2020

Zakat has a significant role in the field of economics, as well as having social and moral implications and alleviating poverty. There is a huge gap, however, between targeted zakat collection, which reached Rp 20 billion, and actual zakat collection, which equals Rp 2 billion in 2017. This research was carried outin order to evaluate the performance of BAZNAS Tangerang District. The purposive sampling technique wasused in this research. The analytical method used wasthe National Zakat Index(NZI) with a method of calculation known as the Multi-Stage Weighted Index, which measured zakat performance based on macro and micro dimensions. The results of the assessment of the NZI of Tangerang Districtis 0.60 that showed a fairly good condition based on classification of zakat performance. This research provides recommends for BAZNAS Tangerang District to improve its performance.

Keywords: BAZNAS Performance, NZI, Tangerang District, Zakat