bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment of intubation-induced severe neurogenic post-extubation dysphagia using Pharyngeal Electrical Stimulation in a COVID-19 survivor: a case report
Authors: Traugott Marianna , Hoepler Wolfgang , Kitzberger Reinhard , Pavlata Sophie , Seitz Tamara , Baumgartner Sebastian , Placher-Sorko Gudrun , Pirker-Krassnig Daniela , Ehehalt Urs , Grasnek Andreas , Grieb Alexander , Beham-Kacerovsky Michaela , Friese Emanuela , Wenisch Christoph , Neuhold Stephanie 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background A significant portion of critically ill patients with COVID-19 are at high risk of developing ICU-acquired swallowing dysfunction (neurogenic dysphagia) as a consequence of requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. Pharyngeal Electrical Stimulation (PES) is a simple and safe treatment for neurogenic dysphagia. Previously it has been shown that PES can restore safe swallowing in orally intubated or tracheotomised ICU-patients with neurogenic dysphagia following severe stroke. We report the case of a patient with severe neurogenic post-extubation dysphagia (PED) due to prolonged intubation and severe general muscle weakness related to COVID-19, which was successfully treated using PES.Case Presentation A 71-year-old female patient with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection developed neurogenic dysphagia following prolonged intubation in the ICU. To avoid aerosol generating procedures, her swallowing function was evaluated non-instrumentally as recommended by recently published international guidelines in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Her swallowing function was markedly impaired and PES therapy was recommended. PES led to a rapid improvement of the post-extubation dysphagia (PED), as evaluated by bedside swallowing assessments using the Gugging Swallowing Screen (GUSS), Dysphagia Severity Rating Scale (DSRS) and diet screening using the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). The improved swallowing, as reflected by these measures, allowed this patient to transfer from the ICU to a non-intensive medical department five days after completing PES treatment.Conclusions PES treatment contributed to the restoration of a safe swallowing function in this critically ill patient with COVID-19 and ICU-acquired swallowing dysfunction. Early clinical bedside swallowing assessment and dysphagia intervention in COVID-19 patients is crucial to optimise their full recovery. Pharyngeal Electrical Stimulation may contribute to a safe and earlier ICU discharge of patients with ICU-acquired swallowing dysfunction. Earlier ICU discharge and reduced rates of re-intubation following PES can help alleviate some of the pressure on ICU bed capacity, which is critical in times of a health emergency such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Seroconversion for SARS-CoV-2 in rheumatic patients on synthetic and biologics Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Santana Felipe M , Lopes Jaqueline B , Perez Mariana O , Campana Gustavo , Levi José Eduardo , Lopes Flávia PPL , Gebara Otávio , Cobra Jayme F , Figueiredo Camille P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction - To date, there is a lack of information on how immunomodulatory drugs for autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) impair humoral immune response following SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Hence, we examined anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM positivity in ARD patients on Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs).Methods - We conducted a prospective study with ARD patients on different synthetic or biologic DMARDs (sDMARDs or bDMARDs) and control patients without DMARDs. All patients underwent a clinical baseline interview. They were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM at baseline and three months later. Patients were monitored for incident respiratory symptoms during the follow-up. rRT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 was performed for suspected COVID-19 infection. A univariate analysis was conducted according to antibody positivity to find significant associations for seroconversion. Results - We included one hundred patients for the analysis. Half of the patients who turned IgG positive in the study remained asymptomatic. All positive rRT-PCR patients showed seroconversion for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. A borderline significant association was found for bDMARD use in IgG positive patients (42.9% vs. 19.8%, p=0.056). On the other hand, none of the patients on non-antimalarial sDMARD had detectable anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG as compared to 35.4% of the remainder sample, reaching borderline statistical significance (0.0% vs. 35.4%, p=0.050). Conclusions - Serology for COVID-19 yielded a 14% incidence in our sample, half evolving asymptomatically. Temporally withholding bDMARD therapy in ARD patients during the pandemic based on possible humoral response impairment is not suitable. sDMARD was associated with a lower incidence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG positivity and further studies on this possible impact is warranted.
Dietary management of digestive and gastrointestinal disorders after long-term self-isolation and lockdown as well as patients with SARS-CoV-2 during the rehabilitation period
Authors: Pilat T. L. , Radysh I. V. , Surovtsev V. V. , Korosteleva M. M. , Khanferyan R. A. 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The article examines disorders of the digestive function, diet regimes, appetite in conditions of prolonged self-isolation and quarantine during a coronavirus pandemic. The article analyzes the clinical efficacy and safety of the use of specialized dietary therapeutic and dietary preventive food products in conditions of self-isolation and quarantine.Methods. A survey was conducted of 620 individuals of various ages who were in self-isolation and quarantine from 1 to 1.5 months. All participants were questioned, examined by a gastroenterologist and therapist, biochemical and clinical blood tests, endoscopic examination of the stomach and duodenum, ultrasound of the abdominal organs.Results. A survey of 620 individuals showed that self-isolation / quarantine can lead to changes in diets, dietary patterns, changes in eating habits, the development of a number of symptoms from the gastrointestinal tract and other organs, changes in body weight, and chronicity. a number of previously existing diseases. The use of dietary food leads to an improvement in the antitoxic function of the liver, anti-inflammatory effects, and an improvement in the symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases.Discussion. Clinical and laboratory data make it possible to state the need for the use of specialized dietary products of domestic production in the diet prophylactically in people from risk groups, as well as in patients with various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract both during illness and for the purpose of rehabilitation.Conclusion. Data on the efficacy and safety of dietary food products give reason to recommend them for inclusion in the diets of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, both during illness, in order to prevent complications and improve the effectiveness of treatment and subsequent rehabilitation of patients, as well as for the rehabilitation of individuals, who were in self-isolation and quarantine for a long time.
Bicyclol in the treatment of patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases
Authors: Maevskaya M. V. , Lunkov V. D. , Geyvandova N. I. , Palgova L. K. , Pirogova I. Yu. , Prashnova M. K. , Marchenko N. V. , Zinovieva E. N. , Ilchishina T. A. , Ivashkin V. T. , Koroy P. V. 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The increase in serum transaminases (ALT and AST) and the persistence of their high values is associated with morbidity and mortality from liver diseases. Bicyclol has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which formed the basis for this study.Materials and methods. The study enrolled 51 patients (MELD < 19); hepatitis stage – 84.4%, cirrhosis – 15.6%. Treatment: Bicyclol 75 mg/day for 12 weeks. Criteria of efficacy: dynamics of ALT, AST, CRP; general well-being (D-FIS scale).Results. After 4 weeks of treatment the share of patients with ALT normalization was 50,9% (p < 0,001); with AST normalization – 62.7% (p < 0.001); after 12 weeks - 79,5% and 89,7% respectively (p < 0,001). CRP decreased statistically significantly after 2 and 4 weeks from the beginning of treatment. The D-FIS questionnaire was filled in by 36 patients at the beginning of the study, in 4 weeks - by 35 patients, in 12 weeks – by 32 patients. Median D-FIS decreased from 12 (8.2; 32.2) to 8 (5; 29) points (p < 0,001) after 4 weeks of treatment, after 12 weeks – to 6.5 (3; 28.5) points (p < 0.001). The CRP was positively correlated with the D-FIS value. Fibrosis (“Fibromax”, “Fibroscan”) was studied in 10 additional patients, the dose of Bicyclol was 150/75 mg/day during 6 months, the result was statistically significant (p < 0.001).Conclusion. Application of Bicyclol leads to reduction of fatigue, local and systemic inflammation, fibrosis in chronic diffuse liver diseases regardless of etiology.
Economic evaluation of different treatment options for water reuse in industrial parks using modular cost functions
Authors: Hilbig Jens , Boysen Birte , Wolfsdorf Philipp , Rudolph Karl-Ulrich 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Industrial parks (IPs) play a significant role in the context of economic growth as well as urban and regional development strategies. They rely on the availability of factors of production and an enabling environment, which also includes the legal framework and economic conditions. The availability of water is essential for the operation and expansion of IPs. Sustainable, efficient and reliable water supply is crucial for IPs and the companies located in the IPs. Reusing wastewater to reduce the amount of drinking or process water necessary for production requires economically viable treatment processes. From an economic point of view, it is important to compare the costs of different treatment trains and to ensure that technical solutions generate an economic benefit for the operators of the IPs. Based on data from municipal wastewater treatment, the authors derive cost functions for individual treatment processes and develop tools for a modular economic assessment of water reuse in IPs.
Characteristics and evaluations of heavy metal contents in irrigation water sources on a suburb farmland in the lower reaches of Xijiang River in the early busy season of farming
Authors: Jie Ren , Xiao-wen Liu , Ying-xin Wu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The pollution of heavy metals in irrigation water was related to the management-control of the risk of heavy metals in farmland and the safe production of crops. There were various sources of irrigation water in the suburb farmlands of Xijiang River. We investigated the sources and distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the irrigation water sources on a riverside and inside-dyke farmland of Xijiang River. According to sample test results, it was found that nearly 100% of heavy metals that we were concerned about were detected in the irrigation water sources in the study. The box plot showed that the average content of other elements ranged from 1.65 to 43.75 μg·L−1, and the average level of cadmium was 0.02 μg·L−1 in the studied area. According to quantitative evaluation index and analysis of distribution characteristics, most heavy metals were at relatively low concentration in the irrigation water sources, while mercury content was far greater than other elements, followed by arsenic. Arsenic and mercury had become increasingly prominent problems in local irrigation water sources. River quality was more likely to be affected by river water and agricultural activities, while groundwater quality was more likely to be affected by natural causes. According to single/comprehensive water-quality evaluations, the comprehensive water quality evaluation ranged from level I to level III, but the single-factor index evaluations of mercury in most water samples and arsenic in two groundwater samples were of ‘Inferior’ level. Attention should be paid to the monitoring of mercury and arsenic (in the groundwater) in the studied area. The disposal methods of farmland water inflow and drainage should be increased if necessary, and reducing the influence of human activities on the natural weathering and leaching of heavy metals was an effective measure to avoid risk of agricultural production.
Privacy-preserving Collaborative Training for Medical Image Analysis Based on Multi-Blockchain
Authors: Zhang Wanlu , Wang Qigang , Li Mei 
Published: October 2020

Background:
As artificial intelligence and big data analysis develop rapidly, data
privacy, especially patient medical data privacy, is getting more and more attention.

Objective:
The study aims to strengthen the protection of private data while ensuring the model
training process; this article introduces a multi-Blockchain-based decentralized collaborative
machine learning training method for medical image analysis. In this way, researchers from
different medical institutions are able to collaborate to train models without exchanging sensitive
patient data.

Method:
Partial parameter update method is applied to prevent indirect privacy leakage during
model propagation. With the peer-to-peer communication in the multi-Blockchain system, a
machine learning task can leverage auxiliary information from another similar task in another
Blockchain. In addition, after the collaborative training process, personalized models of different
medical institutions will be trained.

Results:
The experimental results show that our method achieves similar performance with the
centralized model-training method by collecting data sets of all participants and prevents private
data leakage at the same time. Transferring auxiliary information from similar task on another
Blockchain has also been proven to effectively accelerate model convergence and improve model
accuracy, especially in the scenario of absence of data. Personalization training process further
improves model performance.

Conclusion:
Our approach can effectively help researchers from different organizations to achieve
collaborative training without disclosing their private data.
Differential Impacts of Azole Antifungal Drugs on the Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Dasatinib in Rats by LC-MS-MS
Authors: Luo Xingxian , Xue Xuecai , Li Taifeng , Zhang Ying , Huang Lin , Cheng Gang 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Dasatinib, as an oral multi-targeted inhibitor of BCR-ABL and SRC family kinases,
has been widely used for the treatment of Philadelphia Chromosome Positive Leukemias in imatinib-acquired
resistance and intolerance. The study aimed to develop and validate a simple and robust assay with a small volume
of plasma based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to determine the concentration
of dasatinib and to investigate the impact of the cytochrome 3A4 inhibitors, including ketoconazole,
voriconazole, itraconazole and posaconazole, on the pharmacokinetics of dasatinib in rats.

Methods:
Thirty rats were divided randomly into five groups, control group (0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium),
ketoconazole (30 mg/kg) group, voriconazole group (30 mg/kg), itraconazole group (30 mg/kg) and posaconazole
group (30 mg/kg). After 150 μL blood samples were collected at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, and
48 h and precipitated with acetonitrile, the plasma concentration of dasatinib was determined through Fluoro-
Phenyl column (150 mm×2.1 mm, 3 μm) in a positive ionization mode.

Results:
The results suggested that ketoconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole could increase the AUC0-t of
dasatinib to varying degrees while significantly reducing its clearance. However, there was no significant impact
on the pharmacokinetics of dasatinib, co-administered with itraconazole except for the CL and MRT0-t of
dasatinib. Additionally, voriconazole could significantly increase Cmax of dasatinib by approximately 4.12 fold.

Conclusion:
These data indicated that ketoconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole should be cautiously co-administered
with dasatinib or close therapeutic drug monitoring of dasatinib concentration, which might cause
the drug-drug interaction.
Spotlight on the Selected New Antimicrobial Innate Immune Peptides Discovered During 2015-2019
Authors: Dang Xiangli , Wang Guangshun 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Antibiotic resistance is a global issue and new anti-microbials are required.
Introduction: Anti-microbial peptides are important players of host innate immune systems that prevent
infections. Due to their ability to eliminate drug-resistant pathogens, AMPs are promising candidates for
developing the next generation of anti-microbials.

Methods:
The anti-microbial peptide database provides a useful tool for searching, predicting, and designing
new AMPs. In the period from 2015-2019, ~500 new natural peptides have been registered.

Results:
This article highlights a select set of new AMP members with interesting properties. Teixobactin is a cell wall
inhibiting peptide antibiotic, while darobactin inhibits a chaperone and translocator for outer membrane proteins. Remarkably, cOB1, a sex pheromone from commensal enterococci, restricts the growth of multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis
in the gut at a picomolar concentration. A novel proline-rich AMP has been found in a plant Brassica napus. A shrimp
peptide MjPen-II comprises three different sequence domains: serine-rich, proline-rich, and cysteine-rich regions. Surprisingly, an amphibian peptide urumin specifically inhibits H1 hemagglutinin-bearing influenza A virus. Defensins are abundant and typically consist of three pairs of intramolecular disulfide bonds. However, rat rattusin dimerizes via forming five
pairs of intermolecular disulfide bonds. While human LL-37 can be induced by vitamin D, vitamin A induces the expression
of resistin-like molecule alpha (RELMα) in mice. The isolation and characterization of an alternative human cathelicidin
peptide, TLN-58, substantiates the concept of one gene multiple peptides. The involvement of a fly AMP nemuri in sleep
induction may promote the research on the relationship between sleep and infection control.

Conclusion:
The functional roles of AMPs continue to grow and the general term “innate immune peptides” becomes useful.
These discoveries widen our view on antimicrobial peptides and may open new opportunities for developing novel peptide
therapeutics for different applications.
Molecular Modelling Studies on Thiazole-Based α-Glucosidase Inhibitors Using Docking and CoMFA, CoMSIA and HQSAR
Authors: Joshi Deshbandhu , Yadav Shourya , Sharma Rajesh , Pandya Mitrunjaya , Bhadauria Raghvendra Singh 
Published: October 2020

Aims and Objective:
The biological dataset was retrieved from two series of α-glucosidase
inhibitors synthesized by Rahim et al. and Taha et al. and consisted of a total of 46 (forty-six) α-
glucosidase inhibitors.

Methods:
The α-glucosidase inhibitory IC50 values (μM; performed against α-glucosidase from Saccharomyces
cerevisiae) were converted into negative logarithmic units (pIC50). The CoMFA and
CoMSIA models were developed using 37 as a training set, and externally validated using 9 as a test
set. The CoMFA models MMFF94 were generated, ranging from 3.4661 to 5.2749 using leave-oneout
PLS analysis cross-validated correlation coefficient q2 0.787, a high non-cross-validated correlation
coefficient r2 0.819, with a low Standard Error Estimation (SEE) 0.041, F value 1316.074 and
r2pred 0.996.

Results:
The steric and electrostatic fields contributions were 0.507 and 0.493, respectively. The
CoMSIA model q2 0.805, r2 0.833 was attained, (SEE) 0.065, F value 520.302 and r2pred 0.990. Contribution
of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic, donor and acceptor fields was 0.151, 0.268, 0.223,
0.234, 0.124, respectively.

Conclusion:
The HQSAR model of the training set exhibits a significant cross-validated correlation
coefficient q2 0.800 and non-cross-validated correlation coefficient r2 0.943.
Design and Efficient Synthesis of Novel 4,5-Dimethylthiazole-Hydrazone Derivatives and their Anticancer Activity
Authors: Evren Asaf Evrim , Yurttaş Leyla , Ekselli Büşra , Aksoy Onur , Akalin-Çiftçi Gülşen 
Published: October 2020

Background::
Recently, researchers have been warning about the increased mortality of
the various cancer types. Also, the lung adenocarcinoma and the glioma types are burning issues for
world's health due to late or wrong diagnosis and/or insufficient treatment methods. For this
purpose, our research group designed and synthesized novel 4,5-dimethyl thiazole-hydrazone
derivatives which were tested against cancer and normal cell lines to understand the structureactivity
relationship (SAR).

Method::
The lead compounds were obtained by reacting 2-(substituted aryl-2-ylmethylene)
hydrazin-1-carbothioamide with 3-chloro-2-butanone derivatives. The structural elucidation of the
compounds was performed by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and LC/MS-IT-TOF spectral and elemental
analyses. The synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for the anticancer activity against A549
human lung adenocarcinoma and C6 rat glioma cells and investigated for which pathway to induce
cell death. Also, the docking study of the active compounds was achieved to understand the SAR.

Result and Discussion::
The targeted compounds (2a-2l) were synthesized successfully above 70% yields, and
the analysis findings proved their purity. In general, the results of activity studies displayed
significant effects against at least one cell line, except compounds 2e (indol-3-yl) and 2h
(4-dimethylaminophenyl). Furthermore, compounds 2b and 2f displayed potential anticancer
activity. With the help of molecular docking study, a potential selectivity of compound 2f was
observed for type II protein kinase. On the other hand, compound 2b interacted with the active site
nearly the same as Dasatinib. Therefore, these two compounds could be used as a base on
developing selective anticancer drugs.

Conclusion::
Pyridin-2-yl (2b) derivative was found to be a favorable molecule with high anticancer
potency against C6 and A549 cell lines. Additionally, 1-naphthyl (2f) derivative was a worthy
compound for potential selectivity. In future studies, it will be our priority to focus on developing
derivatives of these two compounds (2b and 2f) and elucidate their mechanisms.