bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of Corroded Metal (Ni or Fe) Foam for High‐Performance Rechargeable Alkaline Ni/Fe Batteries
Authors: Li Xiaoqin , Xiao Dan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAqueous rechargeable Ni/Fe batteries with low cost and high safety have attracted tremendous attention for large‐scale energy storage. However, their application is limited by the poor conductivity and cycle performance of electrode materials. Herein, one high‐performance Ni/Fe battery with binder‐free electrodes is successfully designed and fabricated. Both of cathode and anode are initially synthesized by in‐situ corrosion process. Then, the cathode is treated by electrochemical activation (NiO‐NiF2/NF). The smooth nanoparticles transform into porous nanospheres, increasing the electrochemical activity. The anode is decorated with carbon and Bi2S3 (C@Fe‐based/Bi/FF), which can enhance the conductivity and overcome hydrogen evolution reaction. The rate capacity and the cyclic stability are promoted evidently. We assemble the Ni/Fe battery based on C@Fe‐based/Bi/FF anode and NiO‐NiF2/NF cathode, exhibiting a high energy density of 75.72 mWh cm−3 at a power density of 136.30 mW cm−3, and two batteries in series also can lighten a red LED.
Nitrogen and Oxygen Co‐doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon: Electrode Materials for High‐Energy Density and Flexible Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Song Xuehua , Chen Qibin , Shen Enhui , Li Chenkai , Liu Honglai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNitrogen and oxygen co‐doped hierarchically porous carbons (NO−HPCs) with robust tailored pore structures were fabricated through a soft chemistry synthetic strategy involving the use of F127 and the Friedel‐Crafts alkylation reaction, referred to as NO−HPC−FH. The obtained carbon of NO−HPC−FH has rich nitrogen and oxygen contents, high surface area (up to 1715 m2/g), wider range pore‐size distribution, and high pore volume (up to 2.8 cm3/g). Herein, NO−HPC−FH exhibits a high specific capacitance of 382 F/g at 0.5 A/g and an excellent cycling stability after 15 000 cycles at 20 A/g (capacitance retention is nearly 100 %), in which the contribution of the pseudocapacitance to the total specific capacitance was found to reach about 78 %. In particular, an all‐solid‐state flexible supercapacitor was fabricated, which also exhibited a high energy density of 33.4 Wh/kg at the power output of 879.9 W/kg, and a high cycling stability and flexibility. Therefore, this synthetic protocol using soft templates provides an alternative strategy to synthesize heteroatom‐doped HPCs based on “knitted” aromatic subunits and, thus, has promising potential for application in supercapacitive materials.
Silver(I) Coordination in Silver(I)‐Mediated Homo Base Pairs of 6‐Pyrazolylpurine in DNA Duplexes Involves the Watson–Crick Edge
Authors: Escher Daniela , Müller Jens 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDNA duplexes comprising 6‐(1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)‐9H‐purine (6PP), 1‐deaza‐6PP (1D6PP), 7‐deaza‐6PP (7D6PP) and 1,7‐dideaza‐6PP (1,7D6PP) 2′‐deoxyribonucleosides, respectively, were investigated towards their ability to form metal‐mediated base pairs in the presence of AgI. In 6PP and 7D6PP, the AgI ion can coordinate to the nucleobase via the endocyclic N1 nitrogen atom, that is, via the Watson–Crick edge. In contrast, this nitrogen atom is not available in 1D6PP and 1,7D6PP, so that in 1D6PP an AgI coordination is only possible via the Hoogsteen edge (N7). Reference duplexes with either adenine:adenine mispairs or canonical adenine:thymine base pairs were used to investigate the impact of the pyrazolyl moiety on the AgI‐binding properties. To determine the thermal and structural duplex stabilities in the absence or presence of AgI, all duplexes were examined by UV and circular dichroism spectroscopic studies. These investigations shed light on the question of whether N1‐ or N7‐coordination is preferred in purine‐based metal‐mediated base pairs.
Optical Spectroscopy and Excited‐State Dynamics of Eu3+‐Doped Bismuth Borate Glasses Containing CuO
Authors: Jiménez José A. , Darley Brien 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBismuth borate glasses containing phosphors and luminescent rare‐earths are of interest for applications in light‐emitting devices. Herein, the influence of CuO impurities on red‐emitting Eu3+‐doped bismuth borate glasses of the 25Bi2O3‐15BaO‐10Li2O‐50B2O3 type was investigated by various spectroscopic methods. The glasses were prepared by the melt‐quench technique and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform‐infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, UV/Vis optical absorption (OA), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy including decay kinetics assessment. The XRD data confirmed the amorphous nature of the glasses whereas FT‐IR spectra indicated the basic structural features of trigonal BO3 units and BO4 tetrahedra. The OA analysis showed that addition of CuO up to 0.5 mol% results in significant growth of the visible Cu2+ absorption band around 715 nm, with slight decrease in the optical band gap energies assessed through Tauc plots. A drastic PL quenching of Eu3+ ions emission was evidenced concurring with the detrimental effect of Cu2+. The assessment of the Eu3+ emission decay curves revealed significant lifetime decrease of the 5D0 emitting state with increasing CuO concentration. An analysis of quenching constants was finally performed comparing results from integrated PL data with the emission decay rates. It is argued that the bismuth borate glass system supports an effective Eu3+→Cu2+ energy transfer (more so than phosphates) in connection with a strong spectral overlap between Eu3+ emission and Cu2+ absorption.
The Threshold Photoelectron Spectrum of Fulvenone: A Reactive Ketene Derivative in Lignin Valorization
Authors: Hemberger Patrick , Pan Zeyou , Bodi Andras , van Bokhoven Jeroen A. , Ormond Thomas K. , Ellison G. Barney , Genossar Nadav , Baraban Joshua H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUnveiling reaction mechanisms by isomer‐selective detection of reactive intermediates requires advanced spectroscopic knowledge. We study the photoionization of fulvenone (c‐C5H4=C=O), a reactive ketene species relevant in catalytic pyrolysis of lignin, which was generated by pyrolysis of 2‐methoxy acetophenone. The high‐resolution threshold photoelectron spectrum (TPES) with vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation revealed well‐resolved vibrational transitions, assigned to ring deformation modes of the cyclopentadiene moiety. The adiabatic ionization energy was determined to be 8.25±0.01 eV and is assigned to the
2A2←
1A1 transition. A broad and featureless band arising at 9 eV is associated with the
2B1←
1A1 excitation. A conical intersection is responsible for the ultrafast relaxation of the fulvenone cation from the
into the
state resulting in a featureless and lifetime broadened band. These insights will increase the detection capabilities for fulvenone and thereby help to elucidate reaction mechanisms in lignin catalytic pyrolysis.
Nanoscale Structure in Short‐Chain Ionic Liquids
Authors: Pontoni Diego , DiMichiel Marco , Deutsch Moshe 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe temperature (T) and cationic chain length (n) evolution of the nanoscale structure of the sub‐layering‐threshold members of a model family of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) is investigated by x‐ray scattering. The measured curves are computer‐resolved into individual Teubner‐Strey‐like lineshapes. The polar‐apolar layering is found to start at
. Opposite n‐trends are found at
for the spacings and correlation lengths associated with the diffraction patterns’ two main peaks, and assigned to a shift of balance between the two main interactions, Coulomb and van der Waals, and to increasing packing constraints due to the addition of methylenes. The spacings’ thermal expansion coefficients are found to deviate from the macroscopically‐measured values, and to anomalously decrease with increasing temperature. Finally, the reduced temperature scale,
, (
melting temperature), is demonstrated to render the observed trends significantly more systematic than those on a conventional T scale.
The Solvent Effect on Weak Interactions in Supramolecular Polymers: Differences between Small Molecular Probes and Supramolecular Polymers
Authors: Satake Akiharu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this minireview, weak interactions that occur in supramolecular polymers are discussed. Combination of weak and strong interactions plays an important role in the construction of supramolecular polymers. It is beneficial to separate the contributions of the weak interactions, as well as each solvent effect on the weak interactions. However, it is generally difficult to observe each solvent effect separately at work in each interaction. Small molecular probes are useful to estimate the contributions of the weak interaction. But, the results should be treated with caution when applied to supramolecular polymer systems. To overcome the problems, a new solvent parameter, solvation ability (SA), is introduced, which was determined on the balance point of extended and stacked forms of porphyrin‐based interconvertible supramolecular polymers.
Hybrid Sequences that Express both Aromatic Amide and α‐Peptidic Folding Features
Authors: Hu Xiaobo , Mandal Pradeep K. , Kauffmann Brice , Huc Ivan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFoldamers combining aliphatic and aromatic main‐chain units often produce atypical structures that cannot easily be accessed from purely aromatic or aliphatic sequences. We report solid‐state evidence that sequences comprising α‐amino acids and quinoline‐based monomers adopt conformations that combine the folding propensities of both components. Foldamers 2 and 3 having an XQQ repeat motif (X=α‐amino acid, Q=quinoline) were synthesized. Crystals of 2 (X=Phe, Q with an anionic side chain) obtained from water revealed an aromatic helix where amide groups belonging to the α‐amino acids created a hydrogen‐bond array typical of peptidic helices. Crystals of 3 (X=Ser, Q with a lipophilic side chain) obtained from organic solvents revealed a helix‐turn‐helix structure in which α‐amino acid side chains interfere with main‐chain hydrogen bonding. High sequence‐dependency of the conformation is typical of peptides but is shown here to include aromatic folding features.
Modeling and analysis method of fractional‐order buck–boost converter
Authors: Fang Shucheng , Wang Xiaogang 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIn this paper, the equivalent small parameter method (ESPM) is used to establish the nonlinear mathematical model of the fractional‐order buck–boost converter in continuous current mode (CCM), and the analytical expression of approximate steady‐state period of converter state variable is obtained by using equivalent small parameter method and combining with harmonic balance principle. The Matlab/Simulink is used to construct the fractional‐order capacitance and inductance and to build the circuit model as well as the simulation model of fractional‐order buck–boost converter. Moreover, the simulation results of Oustaloup circuit model and numerical simulation model are compared with those of ESPM model to verify the validity and accuracy of the ESPM. The model is simulated by changing the orders of the capacitor and inductor to obtain the influence rule of the order of fractional element on harmonic characteristics of the state variables.
Perigastric solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) diagnosed on fine needle aspiration: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Ababneh Emad , Policarpio‐Nicolas Maria Luisa C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSolitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a mesenchymal tumor initially described in the pleura. When the tumor is located in the pleura and the classic histologic findings are present, the diagnosis of SFT can be straightforward. However, the cytologic diagnosis of perigastric SFT can be challenging due its rarity with only one cytology case report. Another confounding factor is its potential mimicry with other perigastric/gastric mesenchymal tumors. Herein, we report a case of perigastric SFT diagnosed on cytology in conjunction with immunohistochemical stains. The patient is a 79‐year‐old woman who presented with an enlarging perigastric mass on computerized tomography scan which was highly concerning for a saccular aneurysm. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) revealed a 6.6 cm hypoechoic lesion abutting the stomach. An EUS‐guided fine needle aspiration was performed. The smears showed singly scattered to clusters of bland spindle cells with scant cytoplasm dispersed in a bloody background. The cell block showed similar spindle cells focally supported by a collagenized stroma. Immunohistochemical stains performed on the cell block showed the tumor cells were positive for CD34, BCL2, and STAT6 and negative for CD117, DOG1, CD31, ERG‐ENDO, AE1/AE3, S‐100, desmin, and synaptophysin, supporting the diagnosis of solitary fibrous tumor.
Axo‐glial interaction in the injured PNS
Authors: Stassart Ruth M. , Woodhoo Ashwin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAxons share a close relationship with Schwann cells, their glial partners in peripheral nerves. An intricate axo‐glia network of signals and bioactive molecules regulates the major aspects of nerve development and normal functioning of the peripheral nervous system. Disruptions to these complex axo‐glial interactions can have serious neurological consequences, as typically seen in injured nerves. Recent studies in inherited neuropathies have demonstrated that damage to one of the partners in this symbiotic unit ultimately leads to impairment of the other partner, emphasizing the bidirectional influence of axon to glia and glia to axon signaling in these diseases. After physical trauma to nerves, dramatic alterations in the architecture and signaling environment of peripheral nerves take place. Here, axons and Schwann cells respond adaptively to these perturbations and change the nature of their reciprocal interactions, thereby driving the remodeling and regeneration of peripheral nerves. In this review, we focus on the nature and importance of axon‐glia interactions in injured nerves, both for the reshaping and repair of nerves after trauma, and in driving pathology in inherited peripheral neuropathies.
Investigating cat predation as the cause of bat wing tears using forensic DNA analysis
Authors: Khayat Rana O. S. , Grant Robyn A. , Ryan Hazel , Melling Louise M. , Dougill Gary , Killick David R. , Shaw Kirsty J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCat predation upon bat species has been reported to have significant effects on bat populations in both rural and urban areas. The majority of research in this area has focussed on observational data from bat rehabilitators documenting injuries, and cat owners, when domestic cats present prey. However, this has the potential to underestimate the number of bats killed or injured by cats. Here, we use forensic DNA analysis techniques to analyze swabs taken from injured bats in the United Kingdom, mainly including Pipistrellus pipistrellus (40 out of 72 specimens). Using quantitative PCR, cat DNA was found in two‐thirds of samples submitted by bat rehabilitators. Of these samples, short tandem repeat analysis produced partial DNA profiles for approximately one‐third of samples, which could be used to link predation events to individual cats. The use of genetic analysis can complement observational data and potentially provide additional information to give a more accurate estimation of cat predation.
Relation between plasma ceramides and cardiovascular death in chronic heart failure: A subset analysis of the GISSI‐HF trial
Authors: Targher Giovanni , Lunardi Gianluigi , Mantovani Alessandro , Meessen Jennifer , Bonapace Stefano , Temporelli Pier Luigi , Nicolis Enrico , Novelli Deborah , Conti Antonio , Tavazzi Luigi , Maggioni Aldo Pietro , Latini Roberto 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsCeramides exert several biological activities that may contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease and heart failure (HF). The association between plasma levels of distinct ceramides (that have been previously associated with increased cardiovascular risk) and cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic HF has received little attention.Methods and resultsIn a post hoc ancillary analysis of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nella Insufficienza Cardiaca‐Heart Failure (GISSI‐HF; NCT00336336) trial, we randomly selected a sample of 200 ambulatory patients with chronic HF who died due to cardiovascular causes and 200 patients who were alive at the end of the trial (after a median follow‐up period of 3.9 years). We measured baseline plasma concentrations of six previously identified high‐risk ceramide species [Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/20:0), Cer(d18:1/22:0), Cer(d18:1/24:0), and Cer(d18:1/24:1) and their individual plasma ratios with Cer(d18:1/24:0)]. Patients who died due to cardiovascular causes had significantly (P < 0.05 or less) higher levels of plasma Cer(d18:1/16:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:1), but lower levels of plasma Cer(d18:1/22:0) and Cer(d18:1/24:0) than had those who did not. All plasma ratios of each ceramide with Cer(d18:1/24:0) were significantly higher in patients who died due to cardiovascular causes. In Cox regression analyses, all five plasma ratios of each ceramide with Cer(d18:1/24:0) were significantly associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular mortality (with unadjusted hazard ratios ranging from 1.23 to 1.59; P < 0.001 or less). These significant associations were attenuated after adjustment for multiple established risk factors, New York Heart Association functional class, left ventricular ejection fraction, use of medications, plasma pentraxin‐3 levels, and, especially, plasma N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels. When we applied a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (using a P‐threshold 0.05/5 ceramide ratios = 0.01), none of the five plasma ratios of each ceramide with Cer(d18:1/24:0) remained statistically associated with the risk of cardiovascular mortality (with adjusted hazard ratios ranging from 1.10 to 1.23).ConclusionsHigher levels of specific plasma ceramides [especially when used in ratios with Cer(d18:1/24:0)] are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in ambulatory patients with chronic HF. However, these associations are weakened after adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors, medication use, and plasma NT‐proBNP concentrations.
Comprehensive two‐dimensional liquid chromatography‐based quali‐quantitative screening of aqueous phases from pyrolysis bio‐oils
Authors: Lazzari Eliane , Arena Katia , Caramão Elina B. , Dugo Paola , Mondello Luigi , Herrero Miguel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPyrolysis processes are an alternative to minimize the environmental problem associated to agrifood industrial wastes. The main product resulting from these processes is a high‐value liquid product, called bio‐oil. Recently, the use of comprehensive two‐dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) has been demonstrated as a useful tool to improve the characterization of the water‐soluble phases of bio‐oils, considering their complexity and high water content. However, the precise composition of bio‐oils from different agrifood byproducts is still unknown. In the present study, the qualitative and quantitative screening of eight aqueous phases from different biomasses, not yet reported in the literature, using LC × LC is presented. The two‐dimensional approach was based on the use of two reverse phase separations. An amide column in the first dimension together with a C18 column in the second dimension were employed. Thanks to the use of diode array and mass spectrometry detection, 28 compounds were identified and quantified in the aqueous phase samples with good figures of merit. Samples showed a distinct quali‐quantitative composition and a great predominance of compounds belonging to aldehydes, ketones and phenols, most of them with high polarity.
Preparation of hierarchical hollow structures assembled from porous NiCo2O4 nanosheets for diesel soot elimination
Authors: Yu Yifu , Ma Qinglang , Tan Chaoliang , Wang Huan , Hu Zhaoning , Zhang Qichun , Zhang Hua , Zhang Bin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConstruction of catalysts with designed microstructures is critically important in heterogeneous catalysis. The soot catalytic oxidation was considered as one of the most efficient methods for the diesel soot elimination, but its development has been hindered by the lack of efficient catalysts. The hierarchically porous materials with well‐defined microstructures are expected to perform high‐catalytic activity for the large‐sized soot particulates elimination. Herein, we report a method to prepare a novel hierarchical hollow structure (HHS) assembled from porous NiCo2O4 NSs, referred to as NiCo2O4 HHS. The cation‐exchange reaction and Kirkendall effect induce the conversion from the Co‐Asp (Asp: aspartic acid) fibers to the Co,Ni‐Asp HHSs. The NiCo2O4 HHSs are prepared through annealing the Co,Ni‐Asp HHSs. As a proof‐of‐concept application, the unique NiCo2O4 HHS is used as a catalyst to eliminate the soot particulates and exhibits superior performance, which could be attributed to the improved soot‐catalyst contact, sufficient active sites and strong active oxygen species.image
Multi‐method assessment of palatable food exposure in women with and without eating disorders
Authors: Christensen Kara A. , French Melanie N. , Chen Eunice Y. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveEating disorders (EDs) are characterized by dysregulated responses to palatable food. Using a multi‐method approach, this study examined responses to palatable food exposure and subsequent ad libitum eating in women with binge‐eating disorder (BED: n = 64), anorexia nervosa (AN: n = 16), and bulimia nervosa (BN: n = 35) and 26 healthy controls (HCs).MethodParticipants were exposed to palatable food followed by an ad libitum eating opportunity. Affective and psychophysiological responses were measured before and during the task.ResultsParticipants with EDs reported greater negative affect, particularly fear, following the food cue exposure, whereas HCs reported no change. BN and BED groups reported greater urge to binge after the food cue exposure, whereas AN and HC groups reported no change.Respiratory sinus arrhythmia levels, skin conductance and tonic skin conductance levels increased during food exposure for all groups. Across baseline and during the food exposure, the BED group had lower respiratory sinus arrhythmia levels relative to the BN and HC groups. The BED group consumed significantly more palatable food than the AN group.Conclusions‘Palatable’ food stimuli elicited more negative affect, particularly fear, in individuals with EDs; and this, rather than psychophysiological responses, distinguishes individuals with EDs from those without.
Isoconversional nonisothermal kinetic analysis of municipal solid waste, refuse‐derived fuel, and coal
Authors: Azam Mudassar , Ashraf Asma , Jahromy Saman Setoodeh , Raza Waseem , Khalid Hassan , Raza Nadeem , Winter Franz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe thermal characteristics and kinetic behavior of various solid wastes, including refuse‐derived fuel (RDF) and municipal solid waste (MSW), were investigated as a potential renewable energy source, in comparison with low‐rank coal. The experimental data were obtained in nonisothermal conditions through TGA analysis at specific heating rates. In addition to thermal characteristics of solid fuels, four isoconversional (model‐free) kinetic methods: a: Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (KAS), b: Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (FWO), c: Friedman, and d: Vyazovkin were applied to calculate activation energies. In case of solid wastes, it is possible to say that the trend of activation energies of all isoconversional methods remains almost same in the selected region of conversion (0.1‐0.6 and 0.7‐0.9). Whereas in case of coal, Friedman model exhibits lower and inconsistent values of activation energy than others selected isoconversional methods. The experimental and modeling results revealed that that solid wastes (RDF and MSW) can be promising alternative energy sources to encounter energy crisis and uncontrolled waste disposal issues.