bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elbasvir/grazoprevir for hepatitis C virus genotype 1b East-Asian patients receiving hemodialysis
Authors: Liu Chen-Hua , Peng Cheng-Yuan , Fang Yu-Jen , Kao Wei-Yu , Yang Sheng-Shun , Lin Cheng-Kuan , Lai Hsueh-Chou , Su Wen-Pang , Fang Sheng-Uei , Chang Chun-Chao , Su Tung-Hung , Liu Chun-Jen , Chen Pei-Jer , Chen Ding-Shinn , Kao Jia-Horng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractData regarding the efficacy and tolerability of elbasvir/grazoprevir (EBR/GZR) for East-Asian hepatitis C virus genotype 1b (HCV GT1b) patients receiving hemodialysis were limited. We prospectively recruited 40 HCV GT1b hemodialysis patients who received EBR/GZR for 12 weeks at 6 academic centers in Taiwan. The efficacy endpoints were sustained virologic response 12 weeks off-therapy (SVR12) by intention-to-treat (ITT) modified ITT (mITT) analyses. Patients’ baseline characteristics, early viral kinetics and HCV resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) at HCV non-structural 3 and 5 A (NS3 and NS5A) regions potentially affecting SVR12were analyzed. The tolerability for EBR/GZR was also assessed. The SVR12rates by ITT and mITT analyses were 95% (38 of 40 patients; 95% confidence interval (CI): 83.5–98.6%) and 100% (38 of 38 patients; 95% CI: 90.8–100%), respectively. Patients’ baseline characteristics, on-treatment viral decline, and baseline HCV RASs did not affect SVR12. All patients tolerated treatment well. Among 5 patients who had serious adverse events (AEs) including one death due to on-treatment suicide and the other death due to off-therapy acute myocardial infarction, none of these events were judged related to EBR/GZR. The common AEs included upper respiratory tract infection (7.5%), fatigue (5.0%) and anorexia (5.0%). Nine (22.5%) and 8 (20.0%) patients had on-treatment hemoglobin levels of 9.0–10.0 g/dL and 7.0–9.0 g/dL. Three (7.5%) patients had on-treatment elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) quotient > 2.5, in whom one (2.5%) had EBR/GZR-induced late ALT elevation. No patients developed hyperbilirubinemia or hepatic decompensation. In conclusion, treatment with EBR/GZR is effective and well-tolerated for East-Asian HCV GT1b patients receiving hemodialysis.
DNA methylation markers panel can improve prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in luminal B breast cancer
Authors: Sigin Vladimir O. , Kalinkin Alexey I. , Kuznetsova Ekaterina B. , Simonova Olga A. , Chesnokova Galina G. , Litviakov Nikolai V. , Slonimskaya Elena M. , Tsyganov Matvey M. , Ibragimova Marina K. , Volodin Ilya V. , Vinogradov Ilya I. , Vinogradov Maksim I. , Vinogradov Igor Y. , Kutsev Sergey I. , Strelnikov Vladimir V. , Zaletaev Dmitry V. , Tanas Alexander S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDespite the advantages of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), associated toxicity is a serious complication that renders monitoring of the patients’ response to NACT highly important. Thus, prediction of tumor response to treatment is imperative to avoid exposure of potential non-responders to deleterious complications. We have performed genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation by XmaI-RRBS and selected CpG dinucleotides differential methylation of which discriminates luminal B breast cancer samples with different sensitivity to NACT. With this data, we have developed multiplex methylation sensitive restriction enzyme PCR (MSRE-PCR) protocol for determining the methylation status of 10 genes (SLC9A3, C1QL2, DPYS, IRF4, ADCY8, KCNQ2, TERT, SYNDIG1, SKOR2 and GRIK1) that distinguish BC samples with different NACT response. Analysis of these 10 markers by MSRE-PCR in biopsy samples allowed us to reveal three top informative combinations of markers, (1) IRF4 and C1QL2; (2) IRF4, C1QL2, and ADCY8; (3) IRF4, C1QL2, and DPYS, with the areas under ROC curves (AUCs) of 0.75, 0.78 and 0.74, respectively. A classifier based on IRF4 and C1QL2 better meets the diagnostic panel simplicity requirements, as it consists of only two markers. Diagnostic accuracy of the panel of these two markers is 0.75, with the sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 75%.
Assessing the costs of historical inaction on climate change
Authors: Sanderson Benjamin M. , O’Neill Brian C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe consider alternative history scenarios in which explicit climate mitigation begins before the present day, estimating the total costs to date of delayed action. Considering a 2(1.5) degree Celsius stabilization target, peak costs are greater and reached sooner with a later start to mitigation, reaching 15(17)% of global GDP in 2085(2070) for a 1990 start and 18(35)% in 2080(2035) for a 2020 start. Further mitigation delay costs a best estimate of an additional 0.5(5) trillion dollars per year. Additional simulations show how optimal mitigation pathways evolve without imposing a warming limit, finding that median abatement levels and costs are not strongly dependent on start date. However, whereas 18(5) percent of optimal solutions starting in 1980 meet the 2(or 1.5) degree target, 5(or 0)% of 2020 simulations meet the goals. Discounted damages due to delayed mitigation action rise by 0.6 trillion US dollars per year in 2020.
Experimental realization of Lieb-Mattis plateau in a quantum spin chain
Authors: Yamaguchi Hironori , Okita Taiki , Iwasaki Yoshiki , Kono Yohei , Uemoto Nao , Hosokoshi Yuko , Kida Takanori , Kawakami Takashi , Matsuo Akira , Hagiwara Masayuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTopological properties in material science have recently received tremendous attention, as exemplified by topological insulators. As for quantum spin systems, the Haldane chain with integer spins is the best known example1. The realization of a topological quantum phase in the Haldane chain is an innovative research development related to the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physics. For mixed spin chains composed of two different spins, the appearance of a topologically quantized magnetization plateau is predicted by the Lieb-Mattis theorem2 in combination with the Oshikawa-Yamanaka-Affleck criterion3. However, the actual magnetization plateau in the mixed spin chain has not yet been observed. Here, we present a model compound forming a mixed spin-(1/2, 5/2) chain. We observe a clear Lieb-Mattis plateau and well explain it quantitatively. The present results demonstrate a quantum many-body effect based on quantum topology and provide a new stage in the search for topological properties in condensed matter physics.
Structural trends in atomic nuclei from laser spectroscopy of tin
Authors: Yordanov Deyan T. , Rodríguez Liss V. , Balabanski Dimiter L. , Bieroń Jacek , Bissell Mark L. , Blaum Klaus , Cheal Bradley , Ekman Jörgen , Gaigalas Gediminas , Garcia Ruiz Ronald F. , Georgiev Georgi , Gins Wouter , Godefroid Michel R. , Gorges Christian , Harman Zoltán , Heylen Hanne , Jönsson Per , Kanellakopoulos Anastasios , Kaufmann Simon , Keitel Christoph H. , Lagaki Varvara , Lechner Simon , Maaß Bernhard , Malbrunot-Ettenauer Stephan , Nazarewicz Witold , Neugart Rainer , Neyens Gerda , Nörtershäuser Wilfried , Oreshkina Natalia S. , Papoulia Asimina , Pyykkö Pekka , Reinhard Paul-Gerhard , Sailer Stefan , Sánchez Rodolfo , Schiffmann Sacha , Schmidt Stefan , Wehner Laura , Wraith Calvin , Xie Liang , Xu Zhengyu , Yang Xiaofei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTin is the chemical element with the largest number of stable isotopes. Its complete proton shell, comparable with the closed electron shells in the chemically inert noble gases, is not a mere precursor to extended stability; since the protons carry the nuclear charge, their spatial arrangement also drives the nuclear electromagnetism. We report high-precision measurements of the electromagnetic moments and isomeric differences in charge radii between the lowest 1/2+, 3/2+, and 11/2− states in 117–131Sn, obtained by collinear laser spectroscopy. Supported by state-of-the-art atomic-structure calculations, the data accurately show a considerable attenuation of the quadrupole moments in the closed-shell tin isotopes relative to those of cadmium, with two protons less. Linear and quadratic mass-dependent trends are observed. While microscopic density functional theory explains the global behaviour of the measured quantities, interpretation of the local patterns demands higher-fidelity modelling.
Turnaround radius of galaxy clusters in N-body simulations
Authors: Korkidis Giorgos , Pavlidou Vasiliki , Tassis Konstantinos , Ntormousi Evangelia , Tomaras Theodore N. , Kovlakas Konstantinos 
Published: June 2020

Aims. We use N-body simulations to examine whether a characteristic turnaround radius, as predicted from the spherical collapse model in a ΛCDM Universe, can be meaningfully identified for galaxy clusters in the presence of full three-dimensional effects.
Methods. We use The Dark Sky Simulations and Illustris-TNG dark-matter-only cosmological runs to calculate radial velocity profiles around collapsed structures, extending out to many times the virial radius R200. There, the turnaround radius can be unambiguously identified as the largest nonexpanding scale around a center of gravity.
Results. We find that: (a) a single turnaround scale can meaningfully describe strongly nonspherical structures. (b) For halos of masses M200 >  1013 M⊙, the turnaround radius Rta scales with the enclosed mass Mta as Mta1/3, as predicted by the spherical collapse model. (c) The deviation of Rta in simulated halos from the spherical collapse model prediction is relatively insensitive to halo asphericity. Rather, it is sensitive to the tidal forces due to massive neighbors when these are present. (d) Halos exhibit a characteristic average density within the turnaround scale. This characteristic density is dependent on cosmology and redshift. For the present cosmic epoch and for concordance cosmological parameters (Ωm ∼ 0.3; ΩΛ ∼ 0.7) turnaround structures exhibit a density contrast with the matter density of the background Universe of δ ∼ 11. Thus, Rta is equivalent to R11 – in a way that is analogous to defining the “virial” radius as R200 – with the advantage that R11 is shown in this work to correspond to a kinematically relevant scale in N-body simulations.
Composition dependence of thermo-dynamical and thermo-mechanical properties in SeTeSnGe chalcogenide glasses (ChGs)
Authors: Pal Shiv Kumar , Mehta Neeraj , MacDonald John C. , Sharma Dipti 
Published: June 2020

In this endeavor, we have synthesized novel quaternary glassy Se78-xTe20Sn2Gex (0 ≤ x ≤ 6) alloys by the well-known rapid cooling of melt under quenching technique, to study the effect of Germanium on thermodynamic and thermo-mechanical properties. In particular, we employed Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique for the investigation of thermodynamic parameters (e.g., specific heat Cp
and enthalpy ΔH) in the glass-transition-region (GTR). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) experiment was run under non-isothermal conditions. The thermo-mechanical parameters i.e., micro-hardness, micro-void volume, the energy of creation of micro-void, elasticity, density, compactness, and molar volume are also calculated. It was observed that there is a large increment in Cp
values in the GTR. Further analysis shows that the Cp
values above the GTR (i.e., Cp
= Cpe
equilibrium specific heat) and below the GTR (i.e., Cp
= Cpg
glass specific heat) are vastly composition dependent. The increment in specific heat value after Ge incorporation is explained in terms of molar volume.
Epidemiologisches Update: Aktuelles zur epidemiologischen Situation
der alveolären Echinokokkose und deren Erfassungs- und Meldestrukturen
in Österreich, der Schweiz und Deutschland
Authors: Schmidberger Julian , Baumann Sven , Kratzer Wolfgang , Schlingeloff Patrycja , Lachmann Raskit , Stark Klaus , Peters Lynn , Gruener Beate , Ramharter Michael , Hoepffner Philip Jens , Strohäker Jens , Blum Anna , Müllhaupt Beat , Lagler Heimo 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die alveoläre Echinokokkose (AE) ist in
Österreich, der Schweiz und Deutschland (DACh) eine seltene Erkrankung,
welche durch eine Infektion mit dem Parasiten Echinococcus multilocularis
hervorgerufen werden kann. Ziel der Arbeit ist die Darstellung von Unterschieden
im Erfassungs- und Meldesystem der alveolären Echinokokkose in
Österreich, der Schweiz und Deutschland und der Beschreibung der
epidemiologischen Entwicklungen und deren Trends.
Methodik Im Rahmen eines Epidemiologischen Updates am 06. September 2019
in Ulm, Deutschland diskutierten Experten und Repräsentanten
über Unterschiede im Melde- und Erfassungssystem sowie über die
aktuelle epidemiologische Situation.
Ergebnisse In Österreich besteht seit 2004 nach §1 Abs. 1
eine namentliche Meldepflicht nach dem Epidemiegesetz 1950 (EpidemieG) und der
Verordnung gemäß der anzeigepflichtig übertragbarer
Krankheiten für Verdachts-, Erkrankungs- und Todesfälle
für eine alveoläre Echinokokkose. Nach §7 Abs. 3
Infektionsschutzgesetz (IfSG) besteht für Deutschland seit 2001
ebenfalls eine Meldepflicht, allerdings nichtnamentlich. Zusätzlich
stehen in beiden Ländern nationale Register bereit, welche für
die Beantwortung wissenschaftlicher Fragen genutzt werden können. In der
Schweiz besteht seit 1997 keine Meldepflicht mehr für die humane
alveoläre Echinokokkose. Derzeit bestehen Bestrebungen für die
zeitnahe Implementierung eines nationalen Registers für die
alveoläre Echinokokkose in der Schweiz. Trotz unterschiedlicher Melde-
und Erfassungssysteme zeigt sich für DACh ein ähnlicher
epidemiologischer Trend.
Schlussfolgerungen In Österreich, der Schweiz und Deutschland
zeigt sich ein leicht steigender Trend von humanen Erkrankungsfällen mit
alveolärer Echinokokkose. Die direkte Vergleichbarkeit ist aufgrund
unterschiedlicher Meldepflichten und deren Strukturen eingeschränkt und
erlaubt häufig nicht die gemeinschaftliche Beantwortung
wissenschaftlicher Fragestellungen zur Diagnostik, Behandlung und
Versorgung.
Umgang mit der ethischen Bewertung bei studentischen
Forschungsarbeiten – Ergebnisse einer Befragung an gesundheitsbezogenen
Fachbereichen in Deutschland
Authors: Seifert Imke , Konusch Saskia , Gerhardus Ansgar 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Forschungsprojekte in den Gesundheitswissenschaften
berühren häufig ethisch sensible Bereiche. Mit zunehmend
empirisch angelegten Abschlussarbeiten und Konzepten wie dem Forschenden
Lernen steigt der Bedarf an Ethikvoten bei studentischen Arbeiten. Ein
einheitliches Verfahren für den Umgang mit studentische Arbeiten
liegt in Deutschland nicht vor. Dies kann dazu führen, dass
Forschungsarbeiten ohne ein Ethikvotum durchgeführt werden, obwohl
es notwendig gewesen wäre.
Ziel dieser Studie war es, zu erfahren wie verschiedene Hochschulen
mit der ethischen Bewertung bei studentischen Forschungsarbeiten umgehen.
Methode Von Mai bis Juni 2018 wurden Online-Fragebögen an 132
Studiengänge an 112 Hochschulen mit Public Health, gesundheits- und
pflegewissenschaftlichem Bezug sowie universitäre
Studiengänge der Psychologie geschickt. Zusätzlich wurden
telefonische Interviews mit vier ausgewählten
Studiengangsverantwortlichen geführt.
Ergebnisse Studiengangsverantwortliche von 55 der 132 angeschriebenen
Studiengänge nahmen an der Befragung teil. Unterstützungen
für Studierende bei ethischen Fragestellungen ihrer
Forschungsarbeiten werden von 84% der Antwortenden
gewährleistet. Ein festgelegtes Verfahren für den Umgang mit
(möglicherweise) ethisch beurteilungsbedürftigen
studentischen Forschungsarbeiten existiert nur bei 39% der
Antwortenden. Unterschiedliche Lösungsansätze wurden von
ausgewählten Studiengangsverantwortlichen ausführlich
vorgestellt, wie z. B. der Einsatz von Checklisten, die Einrichtung
studiengangsinterner Ethikkommissionen oder Ethikberatungen.
Schlussfolgerung Alle befragten Studiengangsverantwortlichen erkennen
die Notwendigkeit sich mit der Frage von Ethikvoten bei studentischen
Forschungsarbeiten zu beschäftigen. An einigen Hochschulen
existieren bereits Verfahren um damit umzugehen. Diese können als
Orientierung für andere Hochschulen dienen.
Daucosterol linolenate from Sweet Potato Suppresses MCF7-Xenograft-Tumor Growth through Regulating PI3K/AKT Pathway
Authors: Han Bing , Jiang Lingmin , Jiang Pu , Zhou Deqi , Jia Xiaoxin , Li Xuegang , Ye Xiaoli 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSweet potato is a functional food with potential antitumor properties, but the bioactive constituents and biological mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of daucosterol linolenate extracted from sweet potato and its potential mechanism. An MTT assay indicated that DLA inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 cells but had only weak effects on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231, 4T1, and MCF-10A cells. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that daucosterol linolenate induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Experiments with MCF-7 xenograft in nude mice further confirmed that DLA inhibited tumor growth dose-dependently. After DLA treatment, the expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor were decreased and that of cleaved caspase 3 was increased as compared to the TC group. DLA also down-regulated the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and repressed insulin-induced phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B activation. Our findings suggest that DLA suppresses breast tumor growth through inactivating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway.
Construction and Comparison of Predictive Models for Length of Stay after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Regression Model and Machine Learning Analysis Based on 1,826 Cases in a Single Singapore Center
Authors: Li Hui , Jiao Juyang , Zhang Shutao , Tang Haozheng , Qu Xinhua , Yue Bing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for length of stay (LOS) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Between 2013 and 2014, 1,826 patients who underwent TKA from a single Singapore center were enrolled in the study after qualification. Demographics of patients with normal and prolonged LOS were analyzed. The risk variables that could affect LOS were identified by univariate analysis. Predictive models for LOS after TKA by logistic regression or machine learning were constructed and compared. The univariate analysis showed that age, American Society of Anesthesiologist level, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, general anesthesia, and operation duration were risk factors that could affect LOS (p < 0.05). Comparing with logistic regression models, the machine learning model with all variables was the best model to predict LOS after TKA, of whose area of operator characteristic curve was 0.738. Machine learning algorithms improved the predictive performance of LOS prediction models for TKA patients.
Language brokering by young adults
Authors: Martínez-Gómez Aída 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study explores the “who, what, where, and how” of language brokering as performed by young adults. Given that the backgrounds of child language brokers merge with the socialization processes that encompass early adulthood, their potentially unique experiences may reveal valuable information about language brokering that can contribute to the advancement of academic, professional, and educational endeavors. This study examines the ontological narratives of 21 college-age language brokers in the United States to illustrate if and how their insights expand the limits of traditional views of interpreter-mediated interaction (e.g., in terms of settings, communication channels, degree of active participation).
Enhanced H-H binding and consequent H-aggregation around dislocation in α-Fe lattice
Authors: Cui Yanguang , Hu Chuanzhu , Yu Ping , Xie Dongyue , Kong Lingti , Rong Yonghua , Wen Mao , Zou Jianxin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
H-H binding energies in tetragonal and octahedral sites (TS & OS) of α-Fe lattice were calculated by density functional theory (DFT) under correction of elastic energy. Strong attractive interactions were identified as H atoms were incorporated in 3rd and 4th nearest OS neighbors. OS-type H-aggregated clusters with binding energies exceeding 200 meV were identified. Monte Carlo simulation of H-loading indicates abnormal H-aggregation behavior around a 1/2[111]

(
10

1
¯

)

edge dislocation in relation with the enhanced H-H binding specifically in OS of α-Fe lattice.
Methane emissions from on-road vehicles in China: a case study in an urban tunnel
Authors: Zhang Yanli , Huang Xiaoqing , Luo Shilu , Pei Chenglei , Huang Zuzhao , Wang Yujun , Zhang Zhou , Xiao Shaoxuan , Song Wei , Wang Xinming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Reducing emissions of methane (CH4) in developed regions and urban areas is a practical way to curb the unexpected surge in global CH4 levels in recent decades. Traffic emissions are among the important anthropogenic CH4 emission sources in megacities, yet CH4 emissions from on-road vehicles are less characterized and not well addressed. Based on tunnel tests in an urban tunnel in south China, a real-world emission factor (EF) of CH4 was measured to be 0.26 ± 0.03 g·km−1 (mean ±95% C.I.) for on-road vehicle fleet which including gasoline vehicles, diesel vehicles, and liquefied petroleum gas vehicles, with an average CH4/CO2 mass ratio of 40.6E-5 g·g−1, and CH4 could account for 1.3% of vehicle CO2-equivalent emissions. Using the measured CH4/CO2 ratio and available automobile CO2 emission estimates, traffic CH4 emissions in 2014 could have reached 333 Gg and represented 0.6% of total anthropogenic CH4 emissions in China, approximately four times the previous reported value of 79 Gg. Our results indicate that improving energy efficiency would have co-benefits for reducing traffic emissions of CH4, as observed EFs of CH4 are positively correlated with that of CO2, and over 90% of traffic CH4 emissions in China could be avoided if the traffic CH4/CO2 ratio can be an order of magnitude lower as previously observed in a tunnel in Switzerland.
Laser printed metal halide perovskites
Authors: Tyznik Colin , Lamport Zachary A , Sorli Jeni , Becker-Koch David , Vaynzof Yana , Loo Yueh-Lin , Jurchescu Oana D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites enable the production of semiconductor devices at low cost from solution processing. Their remarkable structural versatility offers unique and diverse physical properties, leading to their incorporation in a wide variety of applications. One major limitation is the significant negative environmental impact associated with developing perovskite devices; common solvents used in perovskite film deposition are highly toxic, which represents a barrier to the transfer to an industrial setting of the perovskite technology. Here we report on the fabrication and characterisation of the first laser printed organic–inorganic perovskite films. The method is solvent-free, scalable and low-cost, allowing fast deposition over large areas and with minimal material waste. We show that the laser printed perovskite films are crystalline and exhibit electrical properties on par with single crystals, despite the fact that the microstructure consists of randomly oriented crystallites. The toner used during printing is designed for optimal film transfer and the vertical separation of its components results in a segregation of the perovskite film in the middle of the stack, therefore also encapsulating the perovskite layer, a process that yields a remarkable resilience to defect formation upon environmental exposure.