bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ionic liquid coated zerovalent manganese nanoparticles with stabilized and enhanced peroxidase-like catalytic activity for colorimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Rauf Sajid , Ali Nasir , Tayyab Zuhra , Shah MAK Yousaf , Yang Chang Ping , Hu JF , Kong Weiguang , Huang QA , Hayat Akhtar , Muhammad Nawshad 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Nanomaterials based colorimetric detection is an area of vital importance in the field of sensing applications. The nanoparticles are the main component of colorimetric sensor in replacing the natural enzyme based sensor. In this context, zero valent nanoparticles have revolutionized the field of optical sensing especially due to easily shift of electron, facile and low cost of preparation, and ease of surface modification. In this work, zero valent manganese nanoparticles (ZV-Mn NPs) are prepared through a simple and very quick method and modulated with new type of ionic liquid (IL). As-prepared materials were characterized through FE-SEM, HR-TEM, BET, FTIR, and XRD. Subsequently, the peroxidase like catalytic activity of pure and modified ZV-Mn NPs to catalyze oxidation of N,N′,N,N′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) investigated. Moreover, the absorbance peak is observed at wavelength 652 nm. The enhanced catalytic activity of ZV-Mn NPs was attributed to the fast transfer of electron mechanism in between substrate and H2O2. The coating of IL on ZV-Mn NPs permitted a low limit of detection 0.2 μM with a linear range of 10–280 μM. This work can find wide spread interest in the colorimetric sensing applications. In order to verify the successful demonstration of H2O2 sensor, we have applied it in the dairy milk products with satisfactory results.
Computing isomorphisms between lattices
Authors: Hofmann Tommy , Johnston Henri 
Published: March 2020

LetKKbe a number field, letAAbe a finite-dimensional semisimpleKK-algebra, and letΛ\Lambdabe anOK\mathcal {O}_{K}-order inAA. It was shown in previous work that, under certain hypotheses onAA, there exists an algorithm that for a given (left)Λ\Lambda-latticeXXeither computes a free basis ofXXoverΛ\Lambdaor shows thatXXis not free overΛ\Lambda. In the present article, we generalize this by showing that, under weaker hypotheses onAA, there exists an algorithm that for two givenΛ\Lambda-latticesXXandYYeither computes an isomorphismX→YX \rightarrow Yor determines thatXXandYYare not isomorphic. The algorithm is implemented inMagmaforA=Q[G]A=\mathbb {Q}[G],Λ=Z[G]\Lambda =\mathbb {Z}[G], andΛ\Lambda-latticesXXandYYcontained inQ[G]\mathbb {Q}[G], whereGGis a finite group satisfying certain hypotheses. This is used to investigate the Galois module structure of rings of integers and ambiguous ideals of tamely ramified Galois extensions ofQ\mathbb {Q}with Galois group isomorphic toQ8×C2Q_{8} \times C_{2}, the direct product of the quaternion group of order88and the cyclic group of order 22.
A framework to increase prescription capture from health-system clinics
Authors: Chmielewski Eric , Cesarz Joseph L 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To develop and implement an interprofessional framework to increase the capture of health system–generated prescriptions within health system–owned pharmacies.

Summary
Low prescription capture rates within a health system’s internal pharmacies led to an interdisciplinary process improvement effort. A framework was developed to assess the baseline prescription capture rate, select clinics for improvement, understand clinic workflows and key drivers of pharmacy selection, design strategies to increase prescription capture, implement targeted efforts, and measure the effectiveness of the intervention(s). Employing this framework provided revised workflows for nursing and medical assistant staff scripting and for referral of patients to internal pharmacies. These workflows were pilot tested at 3 system clinics. Results indicated that overall prescription capture increased by 2.9 to 4.1 percentage points (range, 10 to 86 prescriptions per month) and specialty prescription capture increased by 11.6 to 26.7 percentage points (range, 4 to 26 prescriptions per month) for each clinic within the first 2 months. A total of 99 new patients were referred to internal pharmacies within the first month.

Conclusion
Development and implementation of a framework to increase prescription capture from health system clinics helped increase capture, enhanced clinic engagement and knowledge about pharmacy services, and supported positive clinic-pharmacy relationships.
Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia) nest phenology influenced by drought on nonbreeding grounds
Authors: Porro Catie M , Desmond Martha J , Savidge Julie A , Abadi Fitsum , Cruz-McDonnell Kirsten K , Davis Jennifer L , Griebel Randall L , Ekstein Rebecca T , Rodríguez Nancy Hernandez 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Migratory birds are demonstrating changes in phenology linked to climate change. Understanding these changes requires connecting events that occur over the multiple regions occupied during their annual cycle. The Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia) is a species of concern in North America, with pronounced declines in regions of the Great Plains. Using a dataset that spanned 10 breeding sites from South Dakota to northern Mexico in various years during 1989–2017, we observed both advances and delays in nesting along with increasing variation in nest initiation dates. We examined the effects of a large-scale climate system (El Niño Southern Oscillation), drought, and local weather patterns throughout the annual cycle as potential predictors of early and late nesting. Moisture conditions during the winter and spring migratory period had the greatest influence on nest phenology. Years with more intense drought on winter and migratory grounds increased the probability of nests initiating late relative to early. Correspondingly, wet conditions were associated with an increased probability of early nest initiation. Drought likely has cascading ecological effects that negatively influence food abundance for Burrowing Owls, resulting in delays in the ability of individuals to meet energetic demands required for migration. How climate change will impact Burrowing Owl phenology is important considering a projected increase in the magnitude and frequency of drought and declining owl population trends.
Rapid Detection and Characterization of Steroidal Saponins in the Root of Asparagus cochinchinensis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Electrospray Ionization and Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Ling Yun , He Xin , Jiang Renliang , Zhang Qi , Yuan Shuqin , Liang Yao , Li Chuan , Zhao Yanlin , Zhang Qing , Liu Keyue 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe dried root of Asparagus cochinchinensis (RAC) has been used as an important traditional Chinese medicine for a long time in China. Steroidal saponins (SSs) are considered to be the main active ingredients of this herb. However, the isolation and structural determination of SSs from RAC are time-consuming and laborious. For this reason, the development of new methods for the separation and characterization of SSs is highly desirable. In this study, a new high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) method with precursor ions and the corresponding fragment ions was developed for the identification of SSs in RAC. Finally, 30 SSs have been detected and identified, including 17 potential new compounds. This is the first systematic study of SSs in RAC by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS method.
Clinical Characteristics of Refractory Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China
Authors: Mo Pingzheng , Xing Yuanyuan , Xiao Yu , Deng Liping , Zhao Qiu , Wang Hongling , Xiong Yong , Cheng Zhenshun , Gao Shicheng , Liang Ke , Luo Mingqi , Chen Tielong , Song Shihui , Ma Zhiyong , Chen Xiaoping , Zheng Ruiying , Cao Qian , Wang Fan , Zhang Yongxi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe adult respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, occurred in Wuhan, and rapidly spread throughout China. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of patients with refractory COVID-19.

Methods
In this retrospective single-center study, we included 155 consecutive patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from 1 January to 5 February. The cases were divided into general and refractory COVID-19 groups according to the clinical efficacy of treatment after hospitalization, and the differences between groups were compared.

Results
Compared with patients with general COVID-19 (45.2%), those with refractory disease were older, were more likely to be male, and had more underlying comorbid conditions, a lower incidence of fever, higher maximum temperatures among patients with fever, higher incidences of shortness of breath and anorexia, more severe disease assessment at admission, higher neutrophil, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein levels, lower platelet counts and albumin levels, and higher incidences of bilateral pneumonia and pleural effusion (P &lt; .05). Patients with refractory COVID-19 were more likely to receive oxygen, mechanical ventilation, expectorant, and adjunctive treatment, including corticosteroids, antiviral drugs, and immune enhancers (P &lt; .05). Considering the factors of disease severity at admission, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit transfer, patients with refractory COVID-19 were also more likely to be male, have manifestations of anorexia on admission, and receive oxygen, expectorant, and adjunctive agents (P &lt; .05).

Conclusion
In nearly 50% of patients with COVID-19 obvious clinical and radiological remission was not achieved within 10 days after hospitalization. Male, anorexia, and no fever at admission was predictive of poor treatment efficacy.
Accelerometer-measured physical activity and functional behaviours among people on dialysis
Authors: Nawab Khizr A , Storey Benjamin C , Staplin Natalie , Walmsley Rosemary , Haynes Richard , Sutherland Sheera , Crosbie Sarah , Pugh Christopher W , Harper Charlie H S , Landray Martin J , Doherty Aiden , Herrington William G 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
The feasibility of wrist-worn accelerometers, and the patterns and determinants of physical activity, among people on dialysis are uncertain.

Methods
People on maintenance dialysis were fitted with a wrist-worn AxivityAX3 accelerometer. Subsets also wore a 14-day electrocardiograph patch (Zio®PatchXT) and wearable cameras. Age-, sex- and season-matched UK Biobank control groups were derived for comparison.

Results
Median (interquartile range) accelerometer wear time for the 101 recruits was 12.5 (10.4–13.5) days, of which 73 participants (mean age 66.5 years) had excellent wear on both dialysis and non-dialysis days. Mean (standard error) overall physical activity levels were 15.5 (0.7) milligravity units (mg), 14.8 (0.7) mg on dialysis days versus 16.2 (0.8) mg on non-dialysis days. This compared with 28.1 (0.5) mg for apparently healthy controls, 23.4 (0.4) mg for controls with prior cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or diabetes mellitus and 22.9 (0.6) mg for heart failure controls. Each day, we estimated that those on dialysis spent an average of about 1 hour (h/day) walking, 0.6 h/day engaging in moderate-intensity activity, 0.7 h/day on light tasks, 13.2 h/day sedentary and 8.6 h/day asleep. Older age and self-reported leg weakness were associated with decreased levels of physical activity, but the presence of prior CVD, arrhythmias and listing for transplantation were not.

Conclusions
Wrist-worn accelerometers are an acceptable and reliable method to measure physical activity in people on dialysis and may also be used to estimate functional behaviours. Among people on dialysis, who are broadly half as active as general population controls, age and leg weakness appear to be more important determinants of low activity levels than CVD.
Bee Visitation on Flowers in Maine, United States, Reveals the Relative Attractiveness of Plants Through Space and Time: Part I
Authors: Dibble Alison C , Drummond Francis A , Stack Lois Berg 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBee reservoirs can be effective in agricultural and habitat restoration projects, but the relative attractiveness of plants is not fully understood. To improve plant selection with better knowledge of spatial, temporal, and competition aspects, we tested up to 90 plant subjects from 2012 to 2015 at four sites in Maine. We recognized Apis mellifera L., Bombus ternarius Say, 1837, ‘Most Bombus’ (except B. ternarius), ‘Halictidae’ and ‘Other Bees’ (collectively the so-called ‘bee groups’) on open flowers in three 1-min periods per site and day, with numerous repeated observations per plant taxon. In 14,311 observations, we recorded 17,792 bees in 61 species. Most-visited plants included Asclepias tuberosa, Borago officinalis, Clethra alnifolia cv. Hummingbird (especially by A. mellifera), Melilotus officinalis, Origanum vulgare, Rosa palustris (especially before 1400 hours), Spiraea alba var. latifolia, and taxa in the family Asteraceae. Early-flowering shrubs were visited, especially by ‘Other Bees’. Bee groups each ranked plants uniquely, with some overlap, and differed in most-visited of six plant taxa that we had included in all 4 yr and sites. For ‘All Bees’ among 84 plant taxa, the most-visited plants were M. officinalis (June), A. tuberosa (July), and C. alnifolia (August). Indicator Species Analysis revealed low bee fidelity to host plants for all but a few plant taxa. Apis mellifera differed from native bees in plants it visited intensively, with some overlap (e.g., A. tuberosa), and was associated with increased visitation on seven plant taxa by ‘Most Bombus’ and B. ternarius.
Plant Origin and Other Attributes Impact Bee Forage Patterns in a Common Garden Study in Maine, United States; Part II
Authors: Dibble Alison C , Drummond Francis A , Stack Lois Berg 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In a common garden study in Maine from 2012 to 2015, we used two bee species (Apis mellifera L. and Bombus ternarius Say (1837)) and three field-recognizable bee categories (‘Most Bombus’, ‘Halictidae’, and ‘Other Bees’) plus an ‘All Bees’ data aggregation to compare 17 native and 68 introduced plant taxa. Data were from three 1-min timed periods per flowering plant taxon on a given day at a site. We observed 17,792 bees and found that their response varied by bee species or group. Using mixed models to analyze our data, we found that native bees had higher visitation rates on native plants, while A. mellifera visited both native and introduced plants. Most groups visited native late-flowering and native mid-late-flowering plants at higher rates. ‘All Bees’ were attracted to native perennials (vs annuals and shrubs) and to tall plants, both native and introduced; A. mellifera was attracted to introduced perennials, to introduced tall plants, and to lower-growing native plants. Asclepias tuberosa L. elicited a strong response from B. ternarius. In only two of six pairs of wild types and cultivars, bees visited wild types more. Plants with long bloom periods and with small, densely arranged white flowers attracted higher bee visitation than did other configurations (e.g., Origanum vulgare L., one of our most attractive taxa). A general linear model showed that linear combinations of flower density, floral resource height, flower corolla depth, and flowering duration explained significant variation in visitation rates for each of the different bee taxa groups.
Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein exacerbates cerebral ischaemia injury by disrupting the blood–brain barrier
Authors: Liao Boya , Geng Leiluo , Zhang Fang , Shu Lingling , Wei Ling , Yeung Patrick K K , Lam Karen S L , Chung Sookja K , Chang Junlei , Vanhoutte Paul M , Xu Aimin , Wang Kai , Hoo Ruby L C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Aims
Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) is an adipokine implicating in various metabolic diseases. Elevated circulating levels of A-FABP correlate positively with poor prognosis in ischaemic stroke (IS) patients. No information is available concerning the role of A-FABP in the pathogenesis of IS. Experiments were designed to determine whether or not A-FABP mediates blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and if so, to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying this deleterious effects.

Methods and results
Circulating A-FABP and its cerebral expression were increased in mice after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Genetic deletion and pharmacological inhibition of A-FABP alleviated cerebral ischaemia injury with reduced infarction volume, cerebral oedema, neurological deficits, and neuronal apoptosis; BBB disruption was attenuated and accompanied by reduced degradation of tight junction proteins and induction of matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9). In patients with acute IS, elevated circulating A-FABP levels positively correlated with those of MMP-9 and cerebral infarct volume. Mechanistically, ischaemia-induced elevation of A-FABP selectively in peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages and cerebral resident microglia promoted MMP-9 transactivation by potentiating JNK/c-Jun signalling, enhancing degradation of tight junction proteins and BBB leakage. The detrimental effects of A-FABP were prevented by pharmacological inhibition of MMP-9.

Conclusion
A-FABP is a key mediator of cerebral ischaemia injury promoting MMP-9-mediated BBB disruption. Inhibition of A-FABP is a potential strategy to improve IS outcome.
Age-structured bioeconomic model for strategic interaction: an application to pomfret stock in the Arabian/Persian Gulf
Authors: Ben-Hasan A , Walters C , Christensen V , Munro G , Sumaila U R , Al-Baz A 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhen fish stocks migrate across multiple exclusive economic zones (EEZs), they compel managers to examine management at both national and international levels. A strategic interaction emerges when the fishing activity of one country impacts fishing opportunities available for other countries sharing the stock. Left unaddressed, strategic interaction could lead to overexploitation and suboptimal payoffs. Here, we develop and apply a bioeconomic model to address the competitive fishing for silver pomfret in the Arabian/Persian Gulf—a highly commercial fish stock shared between Kuwait and Iran—and evaluate biological–economic trade-offs under competition, cooperation, and country-independent management using maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and fishing mortality that maintain MSY (Fmsy) policies. When cooperation involves an equal share of the overall Fmsy or a share based on the proportion of the stock available in each EEZ, countries are expected to cooperate given the substantially higher catch, biomass, and relative profits compared to other management regimes. However, other than these two arrangements, countries would favour different regimes. Besides providing policy insights to improve the perilous status of silver pomfret, our approach could be useful in exploring alternative fishing arrangements to sustainably harvest a transboundary fish stock while maximizing average yields.
Convergence analysis of high-order commutator-free quasi-Magnus exponential integrators for nonautonomous linear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Blanes Sergio , Casas Fernando , González Cesáreo , Thalhammer Mechthild 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis work is devoted to the derivation of a convergence result for high-order commutator-free quasi-Magnus (CFQM) exponential integrators applied to nonautonomous linear Schrödinger equations; a detailed stability and local error analysis is provided for the relevant special case where the Hamilton operator comprises the Laplacian and a regular space-time-dependent potential. In the context of nonautonomous linear ordinary differential equations, CFQM exponential integrators are composed of exponentials involving linear combinations of certain values of the associated time-dependent matrix; this approach extends to nonautonomous linear evolution equations given by unbounded operators. An inherent advantage of CFQM exponential integrators over other time integration methods such as Runge–Kutta methods or Magnus integrators is that structural properties of the underlying operator family are well preserved; this characteristic is confirmed by a theoretical analysis ensuring unconditional stability in the underlying Hilbert space and the full order of convergence under low regularity requirements on the initial state. Due to the fact that convenient tools for products of matrix exponentials such as the Baker–Campbell–Hausdorff formula involve infinite series and thus cannot be applied in connection with unbounded operators, a certain complexity in the investigation of higher-order CFQM exponential integrators for Schrödinger equations is related to an appropriate treatment of compositions of evolution operators; an effective concept for the derivation of a local error expansion relies on suitable linearisations of the evolution equations for the exact and numerical solutions, representations by the variation-of-constants formula and Taylor series expansions of parts of the integrands, where the arising iterated commutators determine the regularity requirements on the problem data.
A 55-Day-Old Female Infant Infected With 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease: Presenting With Pneumonia, Liver Injury, and Heart Damage
Authors: Cui Yuxia , Tian Maolu , Huang Dong , Wang Xike , Huang Yuying , Fan Li , Wang Liang , Chen Yun , Liu Wenpu , Zhang Kai , Wu Yue , Yang Zhenzhong , Tao Jing , Feng Jie , Liu Kaiyu , Ye Xianwei , Wang Rongpin , Zhang Xiangyan , Zha Yan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Previous studies on the pneumonia outbreak caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were mainly based on information from adult populations. Limited data are available for children with COVID-19, especially for infected infants.

Methods
We report a 55-day-old case with COVID-19 confirmed in China and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of the patient, including the disease progression from day 7 to day 11 of illness.

Results
This case highlights that children with COVID-19 can also present with multiple organ damage and rapid disease changes.

Conclusions
When managing such infant patients with COVID-19, frequent and careful clinical monitoring is essential.
Emergence and genomic characterization of the ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 clone in Chengdu, China
Authors: Wang Hongren , Wang Youwei , Yong Gang , Li Xueru , Yu Linchong , Ma Shuaijing , Luo Tao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To verify the contribution of the globally disseminated Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 clone to the emergence of ceftriaxone resistance in Chengdu in south-west China during 2018.

Methods
Antimicrobial susceptibility of the N. gonorrhoeae isolates to six antibiotics was determined using the agar dilution method. A real-time PCR assay and WGS were used to identify the FC428 clone. Phylogenomic and molecular antimicrobial resistance analyses were conducted to characterize the transmission and evolution of related strains.

Results
Four out of 112 N. gonorrhoeae isolates were confirmed as the ceftriaxone-resistant FC428 clone. Phylogenomic analysis revealed that they resulted from multiple introductions and subsequent local transmissions. The strains have undergone further evolutions characterized by the accumulation of mutations in resistance-associated genes and/or the acquisition of plasmids encoding penicillin and tetracycline resistance genes.

Conclusions
The N. gonorrhoeae FC428 clone has spread to south-west China. Efforts should be made to enhance gonococcal antimicrobial surveillance to control further dissemination of this successful clone at both local and national levels.