bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity measuring expected on the electromagnetic anomalous couplings in the tt̄γ vertex at the FCC-he
Authors: Köksal M. , Billur A. A. , Gutiérrez-Rodríguez A. , Hernández-Ruíz M. A. 
Published: October 2020

Starting from an effective Lagrangian for the [Formula: see text] interaction of the top-quark, we consider the electroweak production cross-section via charged current and through the [Formula: see text] signal. Further, we derive the sensitivity expected for the magnetic dipole moment [Formula: see text] and the electric dipole moment [Formula: see text] of the top-quark at the Future Circular Collider-hadron electron (FCC-he). We present our study for [Formula: see text], 10 TeV, [Formula: see text], 100, 300, 500, 1000 fb[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], 80%, [Formula: see text], respectively. We find that the sensitivity estimated on dipole moments of the top-quark is of the order of magnitude [Formula: see text] for both hadronic and leptonic decay modes of [Formula: see text]: [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at 95% C.L. in the hadronic channel with unpolarized electron beam [Formula: see text]. Our results regarding the polarized electron beam for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] at 95% C.L. in the hadronic channel. The corresponding results for the leptonic channel with [Formula: see text], 80% [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], respectively. The results for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in the leptonic channel are weaker than those corresponding to the hadronic channel by a factor of 0.75. Given these prospective sensitivities, the FCC-he is an alternative to study the anomalous couplings of the quark-top that would complement the studies of the LHC with cleaner environments.
Study on the surface grain state, residual stress and their influence on the deformation of thin-walled parts under ultra-precision cutting
Authors: Chen Yi , Ma Shaoxing , Kong Jinxing , Huang Wen 
Published: October 2020

Thin-wall parts have the advantages of light weight and high structural strength and are widely used in industrial fields. As the increasing requirements for the form accuracy and surface quality, ultra-precision cutting has been increasingly used to manufacture thin-walled parts. However, due to the small effect range (less than 10 [Formula: see text]m) of residual stress caused by ultra-precision cutting, it cannot be accurately measured by the conventional methods. Therefore, the research on the residual stress and deformation of thin-walled parts under ultra-precision cutting are currently restricted. In this paper, we first introduced the GIXRD method to solve the technology absence for measuring the ultra-precision cutting conducted residual stress. Based on GIXRD, TEM and dynamic interferometer measurement, the relationship between grain state, residual stress and deformation of thin-walled parts was established. The research works had shown that reducing the cutting depth within a certain range was beneficial to reduce residual stress and deformation. However, there was an extreme point of the cutting parameter. If this extreme point was exceeded, the cutting action would gradually transform from shearing to pressing and pushing, resulting in an increase in residual stress. Therefore, there was an extremely small cutting parameter that minimized residual stress and deformation of the thin-walled member. The results were helpful to understand the mechanism of deformation of thin-walled parts from the perspective of grain size and residual stress, and accordingly established a deformation control method.
Research Designs and Literature in the Field of Visual Impairment: What Informs Our Practices?
Authors: Sutter Chevonne , Demchak MaryAnn , Grumstrup Brianna , Forsyth Andrea , Grattan Jill 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: This descriptive study identified types of articles published and research designs used in targeted special education journals. Articles in visual impairment (i.e., low vision or blindness) published between 2012 and 2017 were examined to determine what literature informed the field during the 6-year period. Method: A total of 4,850 articles from 37 journals were reviewed. Initially, all articles published from 2012 through 2014 in targeted disability journals across categories related to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) were reviewed. Subsequently, articles published from 2015 through 2017 in six key journals in visual impairment and deafblindness were reviewed. Each article in every volume of selected journals in the 6-year period was coded for type, research design, and target population. Results: The majority of research designs implemented with IDEA-eligible individuals with visual impairments were quantitative, specifically regression analyses, comparative, and single-case research designs (hereafter, single-case designs). Studies targeting non-IDEA eligible participants nearly doubled those targeting children with visual impairments. Less than one third of studies identified were intervention studies. Single-case designs were the most commonly used designs for intervention studies, and few reported effect size. The overall small number of studies with children with visual impairments indicate an increased need for experimental studies to identify evidence-based practices. Discussion: A greater number of empirical than nonempirical articles was identified in visual impairment, possibly indicating increased investigation of practices and interventions. This trend aligns with the current focus on using evidence and data to support practice and policy. Further research should evaluate quality of studies. Implications for practitioners: It is important to be familiar with the body of research informing the field of visual impairment to understand the evidence underlying its practices and policies. It is recommended that increased numbers of high-quality intervention studies be conducted to identify evidence-based practices.
Clinical outcomes of single-dose cardioplegia in high-risk coronary bypass
Authors: Gunaydin Serdar , Gunertem Orhan Eren , Babaroglu Seyhan , Kunt Atike Tekeli , McCusker Kevin , Ozisik Kanat 
Published: October 2020

Background Despite the increasing popularity of single-dose cardioplegia techniques in coronary artery bypass grafting, the time window for successful reperfusion remains unclear. This study aimed to compare different cardioplegic techniques based on early and 30-day clinical outcomes via thorough monitoring. Methods This prospective cohort study included high-risk patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting and receiving 3 different types of cardioplegia between January 2017 and June 2019. Group 1 ( n = 101) had a single dose of del Nido cardioplegia, group 2 ( n = 92) had a single dose of histidine-tryptophane-ketoglutarate, and group 3 ( n = 119) had cold blood cardioplegia. Patients were examined perioperatively by memory loop recording and auto-triggered memory loop recording for 30 days, with documentation of predefined events. Results Interleukin-6 and cardiac troponin levels in group 1 were significantly higher than those in groups 2 and 3. The incidence of predefined events as markers of inadequate myocardial protection was significantly higher group 1, with more frequent atrial fibrillation attacks and more hospital readmissions. The readmission rate was 17.6% in group 1, 9% in group 2, and 8% in group 3. Conclusions Our data demonstrate the long-term efficacy of cardioplegic techniques, which may become more crucial in high-risk patients who genuinely have a chance to benefit from adjunct myocardial protection. Patients given del Nido cardioplegia had a significantly more prominent inflammatory response and higher troponin levels after cardiopulmonary bypass. This group had issues in the longer term with significantly more cardiac events and a higher rehospitalization rate.
Public Support for E-Cigarette-related Policies among a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adults
Authors: Czaplicki Lauren , Simpson Randall , Zhou Yitong , Patel Minal , Cuccia Alison F. , Vallone Donna M. , Schillo Barbara A. 
Published: October 2020

Background: The wide availability of flavored e-cigarettes and broad use of e-cigarettes in public places may contribute to the rapidly increasing rates of use among youth and young adults in the U.S. However, policies at the federal, state and local levels can address these factors. Objective: Assess public support for 5 e-cigarette-related policies and evaluate response patterns by demographics, tobacco use, e-cigarette harm perceptions, geographic region, and strength of state-level clean indoor air policies. Methods: Data were collected Oct-Dec 2018 from a nationally representative online panel of U.S. adults (n = 3211). We measured support for 5 policies: (1) a ban on the sale flavored e-cigarettes; (2) requiring tobacco products, like e-cigarettes, be kept out of view in stores where adolescents shop; and prohibiting e-cigarette use in (3) all public places; (4) restaurants; and (5) bars. Weighted, adjusted logistic regressions modeled variation in policy support. Results: A majority of respondents (63.3%) supported a flavor ban, with no differences in support by smoking status. Most respondents supported keeping tobacco products out of view (78.0%) and prohibiting e-cigarette use in indoor public places (82.9%), restaurants (86.5%), and bars (76.1%). In the adjusted models, current e-cigarette users had significantly lower odds of policy support compared to never users. We observed no differences in support by geographic region or strength of state-level clean indoor air policies. Conclusion: Results suggest high levels of public support to regulate e-cigarette flavors, marketing, and use in public places. Targeted messaging may be needed to increase support among current e-cigarette users.
Diagnostic Role of Mean-Platelet Volume in Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Febra Cláudia , Macedo Ana 
Published: October 2020

Background: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most fatal cardiovascular disease. PE is frequently misdiagnosed due to its clinical presentation’s heterogeneity and the inexistence of biomarkers for its immediate diagnosis. Mean platelet volume (MPV) has shown a potential role as a biomarker in acute PE. In this analysis, we aimed to systematically compare the MPV in patients with and without definite diagnosis of PE, in emergency departments. Methods: Embase, PubMed and Medline were searched for relevant publications, in English. The main inclusion criteria were studies which compared MPV in patients with acute PEA versus a control group. Results: Thirteen studies consisting of a total number of 2428 participants were included. Of the participants included, 1316 were patients with confirmed acute PE, and 1112 were assigned to the control group. MPV was significantly higher in patients with acute PE than in controls (RR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76 – 0.92; P < .00001). There was a significant heterogeneity in the data. Conclusions: This analysis showed higher MPV to be associated with acute PE immediate diagnosis. These data show promise for the use of MPV as a readily available biomarker for the diagnosis of acute PE at the emergency department.
Clinical results of a short stem with flat tapered wedge design in primary total hip arthroplasty for hip dysplasia in Asians
Authors: Hayama Tetsuo , Otani Takuya , Fujii Hideki , Kawaguchi Yasuhiko , Abe Toshiomi , Takahashi Motoi , Saito Mitsuru 
Published: October 2020

Background: Cementless femoral reconstruction is challenging in hip dysplasia due to deformity of the proximal femur causing insufficient stem fixation and/or inadequate neck anteversion. Strategies to address these problems include the use of a modular stem or a distal fixation stem, but both stems have some characteristic disadvantages. Methods: We studied the postoperative clinical outcomes in primary total hip arthroplasty in 257 hips using the flat tapered wedge short femoral stem for hip dysplasia in an Asian population (postoperative follow-up period: 2 years to 6 years and 11 months; mean 4 years and 5 months). We took advantage of the characteristic of high flexibility in stem placement because of its low volume, positioning it while performing some varus/valgus and rotational alignment adjustments. Results: Favorable clinical functional outcomes were obtained, including the radiographic outcome of biological fixation achieved in all stems. Regarding complications, there was no case of split fracture of the femoral calcar region during stem insertion, and the rate of postoperative dislocation was also low at 0.4% (1 case). In the pre- and postoperative computed tomography measurements, the variability in stem anteversion postoperatively was significantly reduced compared to preoperative anatomical anteversion. Conclusion: This flat-shaped short low-volume stem likely has high flexibility in positioning in cases of hip dysplasia and can be easily positioned to avoid fractures while still achieving secure fixation.
Comparison of Structural Subscapularis Integrity After Latarjet Procedure Versus Iliac Crest Bone Graft Transfer
Authors: Siegert Paul , Plachel Fabian , Akgün Doruk , Baur Alexander D.J. , Schulz Eva , Auffarth Alexander , Tauber Mark , Moroder Philipp 
Published: October 2020

Background: Although clinical outcome scores are comparable after coracoid transfer procedure (Latarjet) and iliac crest bone graft transfer (ICBGT) for anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss, a significant decrease in internal rotation capacity has been reported for the Latarjet procedure. Hypothesis: The subscapularis (SSC) musculotendinous integrity will be less compromised by ICBGT than by the Latarjet procedure. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed pre- and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans at short-term follow-up of 52 patients (26 Latarjet, 26 ICBGT) previously assessed in a prospective randomized controlled trial. Measurements included the preoperative glenoid defect area and graft area protruding the glenoid rim at follow-up and tendon thickness assessed through SSC and infraspinatus (ISP) ratios. Fatty muscle infiltration was graded according to Goutallier, quantified with muscle attenuation in Hounsfield units, and additionally calculated as percentages. We measured 3 angles to describe rerouting of the SSC musculotendinous unit around the bone grafts. Results: SSC fatty muscle infiltration was 2.0% ± 2.2% in the Latarjet group versus 2.4% ± 2.2% in ICBGT ( P = .546) preoperatively and showed significantly higher values in the Latarjet group at follow-up (5.3% ± 4.5% vs 2.3% ± 1.7%; P = .001). In total, 4 patients (15.4%) in the Latarjet group showed a progression from grade 0 to grade 1 at follow-up, whereas no changes in the ICBGT group were noted. The measured rerouting angle of the SSC muscle was significantly increased in the Latarjet group (11.8° ± 2.1°) compared with ICBGT (7.5° ± 1.3°; P < .001) at follow-up, with a significant positive correlation between this angle and fatty muscle infiltration ( R = 0.447; P = .008). Ratios of SSC/ISP tendon thickness were 1.03 ± 0.3 in the Latarjet group versus 0.97 ± 0.3 ( P = .383) in ICBGT preoperatively and showed significantly lower ratios in the Latarjet group (0.7 ± 0.3 vs 1.0 ± 0.2; P < .001) at follow-up. Conclusion: Although clinical outcome scores after anterior shoulder stabilization with a Latarjet procedure and ICBGT are comparable, this study shows that the described decline in internal rotation capacity after Latarjet procedure has a radiographic structural correlate in terms of marked thinning and rerouting of the SSC tendon as well as slight fatty degeneration of the muscle.
REW-ISA: unveiling local functional blocks in epi-transcriptome profiling data via an RNA expression-weighted iterative signature algorithm
Authors: Zhang Lin , Chen Shutao , Zhu Jingyi , Meng Jia , Liu Hui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have shown that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) plays a critical role in numbers of biological processes and complex human diseases. However, the regulatory mechanisms of most methylation sites remain uncharted. Thus, in-depth study of the epi-transcriptomic patterns of m6A may provide insights into its complex functional and regulatory mechanisms.

Results
Due to the high economic and time cost of wet experimental methods, revealing methylation patterns through computational models has become a more preferable way, and drawn more and more attention. Considering the theoretical basics and applications of conventional clustering methods, an RNA Expression Weighted Iterative Signature Algorithm (REW-ISA) is proposed to find potential local functional blocks (LFBs) based on MeRIP-Seq data, where sites are hyper-methylated or hypo-methylated simultaneously across the specific conditions. REW-ISA adopts RNA expression levels of each site as weights to make sites of lower expression level less significant. It starts from random sets of sites, then follows iterative search strategies by thresholds of rows and columns to find the LFBs in m6A methylation profile. Its application on MeRIP-Seq data of 69,446 methylation sites under 32 experimental conditions unveiled 6 LFBs, which achieve higher enrichment scores than ISA. Pathway analysis and enzyme specificity test showed that sites remained in LFBs are highly relevant to the m6A methyltransferase, such as METTL3, METTL14, WTAP and KIAA1429. Further detailed analyses for each LFB even showed that some LFBs are condition-specific, indicating that methylation profiles of some specific sites may be condition relevant.

Conclusions
REW-ISA finds potential local functional patterns presented in m6A profiles, where sites are co-methylated under specific conditions.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) alleviates salt damage in tomato by modulating Na+ uptake, the GAD gene, amino acid synthesis and reactive oxygen species metabolism
Authors: Wu Xiaolei , Jia Qiuying , Ji Shengxin , Gong Binbin , Li Jingrui , Lü Guiyun , Gao Hongbo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Salt stress is a serious abiotic stress that caused crop growth inhibition and yield decline. Previous studies have reported on the the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and its relationship with plant resistance under various abiotic stress. However, the relationship between exogenous GABA alleviating plant salt stress damage and ion flux, amino acid synthesis, and key enzyme expression remains largely unclear. We investigated plant growth, Na+ transportation and accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and evaluated the effect of GABA on amino acids, especially SlGADs gene expression and the endogenous GABA content of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings treated with or without 5 mmol·L− 1 GABA under 175 mmol·L− 1 NaCl stress.

Results
Exogenous application of GABA significantly reduced the salt damage index and increased plant height, chlorophyll content and the dry and fresh weights of tomato plants exposed to NaCl stress. GABA significantly reduced Na+ accumulation in leaves and roots by preventing Na+ influx in roots and transportation to leaves. The transcriptional expression of SlGAD1–3 genes were induced by NaCl stress especially with GABA application. Among them, SlGAD1 expression was the most sensitive and contributed the most to the increase in glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) activity induced by NaCl and GABA application; Exogenous GABA increased GAD activity and amino acid contents in tomato leaves compared with the levels under NaCl stress alone, especially the levels of endogenous GABA, proline, glutamate and eight other amino acids. These results indicated that SlGADs transcriptional expression played an important role in tomato plant resistance to NaCl stress with GABA application by enhancing GAD activity and amino acid contents. GABA significantly alleviated the active oxygen-related injury of leaves under NaCl stress by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and decreasing the contents of active oxygen species and malondialdehyde.

Conclusion
Exogenous GABA had a positive effect on the resistance of tomato seedlings to salt stress, which was closely associated with reducing Na+ flux from root to leaves, increasing amino acid content and strengthening antioxidant metabolism. Endogenous GABA content was induced by salt and exogenous GABA at both the transcriptional and metabolic levels.
The use of pre-operative virtual reality to reduce anxiety in women undergoing gynecological surgeries: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Chan Jason Ju In , Yeam Cheng Teng , Kee Hwei Min , Tan Chin Wen , Sultana Rehena , Sia Alex Tiong Heng , Sng Ban Leong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundPre-operative anxiety is common and is associated with negative surgical outcomes. Virtual reality (VR) is a promising new technology that offers opportunities to modulate patient experience and cognition and has been shown to be associated with lower levels of anxiety. In this study, we investigated changes in pre-operative anxiety levels before and after using VR in patients undergoing minor gynecological surgery.MethodsPatients who underwent elective minor gynecological surgeries in KK Women’s and Children’s hospital, Singapore were recruited. The VR intervention consisted of 10-min exposure via a headset loaded with sceneries, background meditation music and breathing exercises. For the primary outcome of pre-operative anxiety, patients were assessed at pre- and post-intervention using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Secondary outcomes of self-reported satisfaction scores and EuroQol 5-dimension 3-level (EQ-5D-3L) were also collected.ResultsData analysis from 108 patients revealed that HADS anxiety scores were significantly reduced from 7.2 ± 3.3 pre-intervention to 4.6 ± 3.0 post-intervention (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, HADS depression scores were significantly reduced from 4.7 ± 3.3 pre-intervention to 2.9 ± 2.5 post-intervention (p < 0.0001). Eighty-two percent of the patients self-reported VR intervention as ‘Good’ or ‘Excellent’. EQ-5D-3L showed significant changes in dimensions of ‘usual activities’ (p = 0.025), ‘pain/discomfort’ (p = 0.008) and ‘anxiety/ depression’ (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsFor patients undergoing minor gynecological procedures, the VR intervention brought about a significant reduction in pre-operative anxiety. This finding may be clinically important to benefit patients with high pre-operative anxiety without the use of anxiolytics.Trial registrationThis study was registered onclinicaltrials.govregistry (NCT03685422) on 26 Sep 2018.