bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green processing protocol for germinating and wet milling brown rice for beverage formulations: Sprouting, milling and gelatinization effects
Authors: Beaulieu John C. , Reed Shawndrika S. , Obando‐Ulloa Javier M. , McClung Anna M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRice‐derived beverages offer a non‐soy, lactose‐free, cholesterol and gluten‐free food source, which may offer well‐balanced nutrition. Brown rice is nutritionally superior to white rice but oil oxidation and rancidity can be problematic regarding organoleptics during processing and storage. Using green technologies, which do not rely upon stabilization, brown rice was sprouted and processed with enzymes to produce preliminary value‐added rice beverages. Paddy (rough) Rondo rice was dehulled using a pilot plant dehusker, sorted and cleaned into brown rice (BRR), rinsed, and germinated under various conditions (times and temperatures). Germinated brown rice (GBR) was then assessed (96.7 ± 0.8% germination and coleoptile length 2.24 ± 0.83 mm) prior to developing a method to soften, wet mill, sieve and gelatinize the matrix. Moderate macronutrient catabolism based on proximate analysis (e.g., 27.0%, 30.9% and 28.9% protein, oil and carbohydrate loss, respectively) and significantly decreased phytic acid (71.6%) from BRR → GBR along with processing efficiency were used to establish a germination and processing protocol engaging the natural enzymatic hydrolysis of starch and other biochemical changes. Based on rapid visco analyzer pasting properties in heated BRR, GBR sieving results and observations of stored crude beverages, proteins and oils apparently remained soluble and were conveyed forward into an the enzyme‐treated solubilized oligosaccharide matrix, which could be a natural emulsion. A method for germinating and processing brown rice, leading to a completely green process and “free‐flowing” soluble matrix to deliver preliminary sprouted brown rice beverages is presented.
Do older people know why they take benzodiazepines? A national French cross‐sectional survey of long‐term consumers
Authors: Laforgue Edouard‐Jules , Jobert Alexandra , Rousselet Morgane , Grall‐Bronnec Marie ,   FAN network, Jolliet Pascale , Feuillet Fanny , Victorri‐Vigneau Caroline 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectivesBenzodiazepines and non‐benzodiazepine hypnotics (or Z‐drugs) (BZD/Z) are widely prescribed for older patients despite major side effects and risks when chronically used. The patient's understanding of the treatment is one of the keys to good adherence. The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge of BZD/Z treatment among older people who were taking BZD/Z for the long term by studying the concordance between the declared reason for taking BZD/Z and its indication.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional, pharmacoepidemiologic ancillary of a national study. Data were collected through a semi‐structured interview. All patients from the main study were included. “Good knowledge” was considered when patients gave an indication for each BZD/Z that was similar to its marketing authorisation. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to adequately determine profiles and characterise associations.ResultsMore than half of the patients (61.6%) had a good knowledge regarding their treatment. The presence of a psychiatric disorder, a mean duration of BZD/Z use of less than 120 months, a desire to stop treatment, educational status and number and type of BZD/Z used were significantly associated (P < .05) with good knowledge. In the multivariate analysis, only a psychiatric disorder, educational status and taking at least one hypnotic drug were associated with good knowledge.ConclusionsAt the time of shared medical decision, it appears essential to improve the knowledge of the treatment by the patient. The rate of patients with good knowledge of their BZD/Z treatment remains low and even lower than what was previously found in the literature for other drug classes. In contrast to patients with good knowledge, these data highlight the characteristics of patients with poor knowledge of their BZD/Z treatment, which may allow populations at risk to be targeted and enable education measures to be strengthened.
Intensive control of hypertension and risk of Alzheimer's dementia in older adults with depression
Authors: Yeung Anthony , Kiss Alex , Gallagher Damien 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesIntensive control of hypertension has been reported to decrease risk of cognitive decline. However, the effect of this in older adults with hypertension and comorbid depression is not well understood. We aim to identify whether intensive control of systolic blood pressure (BP) is associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer's dementia (AD) in a clinical population.MethodsUsing data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, we conducted survival analyses in older adults with normal cognition at baseline and treated hypertension. We also examined those with comorbid depression, to determine if intensive control of systolic BP (≤120 mmHg) was associated with reduced risk of AD.ResultsIn all older adults with treated hypertension (n = 4505), 298 (6.6%) developed AD during a median follow‐up duration of 4.2 years. In the comorbid depression subgroup (n = 1327), 152 (11.5%) developed AD. Intensive control of systolic BP was not significantly associated with reduced risk of AD in the overall sample (HR 1.13, 95%, 0.79‐1.64). However, in the comorbid depression subgroup, intensive control of systolic BP (≤120 mmHg) was associated with increased risk of AD (HR 1.49, 95%, 1.03‐2.15) compared to standard control (121‐139 mmHg).ConclusionsIn a clinical population of older adults with hypertension and comorbid depression, we found that an intensive systolic BP target of ≤120 mmHg was associated with increased risk of AD. While these findings are preliminary, they suggest that a more cautious approach to hypertension treatment may be warranted in this vulnerable subgroup.
Should Institutions Disclose the Names of Employees with Covid‐19?
Authors: Sulmasy Daniel P. , Veatch Robert M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrestigious University is a large, private educational institution with a medical school, a university hospital, a law school, and graduate and undergraduate colleges all on a single campus. In the face of the Covid‐19 pandemic, students were told during spring break to return to campus only briefly to retrieve their belongings. Classes then went online. On March 23, 2020, the faculty, students, and staff were emailed the following by the university's director of infection control and public health:
We have become aware that a Prestigious University staff member has tested positive for the virus that causes Covid‐19. The individual, who was last on campus on March 16, is now in isolation at their permanent residence and is doing well clinically. The university has already identified those members of our community who may have been in close contact with this individual, and we are working to notify them. Further, this individual's local health department has a protocol for identifying people who have been in direct contact with anyone testing positive for Covid‐19 (such as this Prestigious University staff member) so that they can self‐quarantine and watch for COVID‐19 symptoms for a period of 14 days from their last contact with the infected individual.A professor in the Philosophy Department has asked the ethicists at the medical school whether such contact tracing suffices. “Don't the members of the community deserve to know who this is? Isn't there a mandate to identify this person in order to maximize public health benefits and slow the spread of this deadly virus?”
Does knowing translate to doing? Practitioners’ experiences of Circle of Security‐Parenting (COS‐P) training and implementation
Authors: Cooper Deena A. , Coyne Joe 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThis study sought to understand how practitioners perceive and experience the Circle of Security‐Parenting (COS‐P) training, and further, how they integrate and implement it into practice, and how these experiences influence their use and understanding of the program and its underlying model. A thematic analysis of semistructured interviews at two time points (shortly after training and 3–6 months after training) was used to explore 12 practitioners’ experiences of COS‐P training and subsequent implementation. Three main themes were identified; clinical salience, personal salience, and partial use of the program. The findings reflected participants’ common perception that the model is relevant and generalizable to a wide variety of contexts. It also highlighted potential barriers to implementation, particularly practitioners’ experiences using only components of the COS‐P program in isolation. The results suggest practitioners’ assumptions about client complexities, vulnerabilities, and/or incapacities, can prompt practitioners to withhold the use of COS‐P (in part or whole), thereby potentially neglecting key components required for client change. The only participants who implemented the COS‐P training in full had additional training in Circle of Security.
Implementation of a distance‐based clinical capstone course to improve practice‐related confidence and experiential readiness in global Pharm.D. candidates
Authors: Reynolds Paul M. , Rhein Erica J. , Saseen Joseph J. , Gleason Shaun E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionClinical capstone courses may improve skill sets across health care education. Effective implementation of a distance‐based clinical capstone course for practicing pharmacists across the globe has not been described.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether a distance‐based clinical capstone course improves student confidence in key domains related to success on experiential rotations.MethodsThis was an educational cohort study with surveys at baseline, throughout the course, and after completion of advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs). The distance‐based clinical capstone incorporated longitudinal case discussions, standardized patient interviews, drug information questions, increasingly complex case scenarios, and student‐driven learning. The primary outcome was the improvement in student confidence in critical thinking, evaluation and application of literature, clinical decision‐making, problem‐solving, and preparedness for APPEs. Student surveys (Likert scale) were conducted at baseline, midpoint, and course completion for the primary outcome. Key secondary outcomes included academic performance on student‐driven cases and performance compared with the face‐to‐face capstone course.ResultsAcross 2 years, the course enrolled 46 students from 14 countries with a mean practice experience of 17 years. Compared with baseline, both midpoint and postcourse surveys revealed significant (P < .05) improvements in confidence regarding critical thinking, evaluation and application of literature, clinical decision‐making, problem‐solving, and preparedness for APPEs, which were maintained after completion of at least one APPE. Academic performance on student‐driven cases was not significantly different from faculty‐facilitated cases (88.6% vs 89.6%; P = .14) and overall performance was not significantly different between face‐to‐face and online iterations of the course (87% vs 88%; P = .52).ConclusionsImplementation of a distance‐based clinical capstone course was effective in improving perceived student confidence in domains related to preparedness for experiential rotations and clinical practice.
Adsorption of three selected flavonoids with humic fraction‐modified silica gel in hexane: A mechanism study
Authors: Chen Shushi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThree selected flavonoids, commonly found in spices, red‐purple fruits, and vegetables, were adsorbed on humic fraction‐modified silica gel in hexane. The percentage of adsorption in hexane for all examined analytes was nearly 100% after 1 hr, as a result of the strong dipole–dipole interaction. The increasing amount of adsorbent involved in the process improved the percentage of adsorption, which in turn shortened the time needed to reach the maximum by providing more binding sites. However, adsorption was not observed in other liquid phases under the same conditions, such as acetonitrile and ethyl ether. The mechanism leading to the adsorption was explored chromatographically, as well as by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and theoretical simulations.
Mistreatment from peers can reduce the effects of respectful treatment from bosses, and respectful peers can offset mistreatment from bosses
Authors: Bendersky Corinne , Brockner Joel 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe present studies examine the joint influence of interpersonal fairness from peers and authorities on participants' organizational behaviors (citizenship) and attitudes (commitment). In three experimental studies, we find that mistreatment from peers, in the form of interpersonal unfairness, reduces the benefits that authorities gain from treating the same employee with high interpersonal fairness themselves. We also find that the negative effect of mistreatment from authorities can be offset by high interpersonal fairness from peers. These results come about because the interpersonal fairness shown not only by authorities but also by peers influences people's sense of standing as organization members. We discuss theoretical and practical implications, as well as limitations and suggestions, for future research.
How a Malnutrition Quality Improvement Initiative Furthers Malnutrition Measurement and Care: Results From a Hospital Learning Collaborative
Authors: Valladares Angel F. , Kilgore Karl M. , Partridge Jamie , Sulo Suela , Kerr Kirk W. , McCauley Sharon 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition in hospitalized patients can adversely affect health outcomes and increase the cost of care. Real‐world strategies are needed for prompt identification and treatment of patients at risk of malnutrition.ObjectivesThe aim of this quality improvement (QI) study was to measure the impact of a nutrition‐focused program on the malnutrition care processes of participating hospitals. Secondary objectives were to determine whether improvements in these nutrition‐related processes reduced hospital readmissions and length of stay (LOS) in patients ≥65 years.MethodsA group of 27 US hospitals (“The Collaborative”) implemented the Malnutrition Quality Improvement Initiative (MQii), as guided by a Malnutrition QI Toolkit and 4 electronic clinical quality measures (eCQMs), including (1) nutrition screening; (2) nutrition assessment following detection of malnutrition risk; (3) nutrition care plan for patients identified as malnourished after completed nutrition assessment; and (4) documentation of malnutrition diagnoses. Multivariate analyses identified the variables best correlated with patient outcomes.ResultsImprovements were observed for all 4 eCQMs. The greatest improvements were achieved as a result of timely nutrition assessment (P = .06) and malnutrition diagnosis (P = .02). Patients ≥65 years with a malnutrition diagnosis and nutrition care plan had a 24% lower likelihood of 30‐day readmission but a longer mean LOS than did those without a care plan.ConclusionsIn this study, the implementation of MQii practices significantly improved the identification of malnutrition. The prompt identification and treatment of patients at malnutrition risk can improve patient care and health, as well as reduce costly readmissions.
Optimizing autologous bone contribution to implant osseointegration
Authors: Coyac Benjamin R. , Sun Qiang , Leahy Brian , Salvi Giuseppe , Yuan Xue , Brunski John B. , Helms Jill A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundAutologous bone can be harvested from the flutes of a conventional drill or from a bone scraper; here we compared whether autologous bone chips generated by a new slow‐speed instrument were more osteogenic than the bone chips generated by conventional drills or bone scrapers. Additionally, we tested whether the osteogenic potential of bone chips could be further improved by exposure to a Wnt signaling (WNT) therapeutic.MethodsOsteotomies were prepared in fresh rat maxillary first molar extraction sockets using a conventional drill or a new osseo‐shaping instrument; titanium alloy implants were placed immediately thereafter. Using molecular/cellular and histologic analyses, the fates of the resulting bone chips were analyzed. To test whether increasing WNT signaling improved osteogenesis in an immediate post‐extraction implant environment, a WNT therapeutic was introduced at the time of implant placement.ResultsBone collected from a conventional drill exhibited extensive apoptosis; in contrast, bone generated by the new instrument remained in situ, which preserved their viability. Also preserved was the viability of the osteoprogenitor cells attached to the bone chips. Exogenous treatment with a WNT therapeutic increased the rate of osteogenesis around immediate post‐extraction implants.ConclusionsCompared with conventional drills or bone scrapers, a new cutting instrument enabled concomitant site preparation with autologous bone chip collection. Histology/histomorphometric analyses revealed that the bone chips generated by this new tool were more osteogenic and could be further enhanced by exposure to a WNT therapeutic. Even though gaps still existed in placebo controls and liposomal WNT3A (L‐WNT3A) cases, the area of peri‐implant bone was significantly greater in L‐WNT3A treated sites.
Melatonin ameliorates periodontitis‐related inflammatory stress at cardiac left ventricular tissues in rats
Authors: Köse Oğuz , Kurt Bayrakdar Sevda , Akyıldız Kerimali , Altın Ahmet , Arabacı Taner , Yemenoglu Hatice , Zihni Korkmaz Meltem , Köse Taha Emre , Türker Sener Leyla , Mercantepe Tolga , Tümkaya Levent , Yılmaz Adnan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this experimental rat study was to investigate the potential inflammatory effects of periodontitis on cardiac left ventricular tissue and the therapeutic activity of melatonin on these effects.MethodsTwenty‐four male Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, experimental periodontitis (Ep), and Ep‐melatonin (Ep‐Mel). Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing and maintaining 3.0 silk ligatures at a peri marginal position on the left and right mandibular first molars for 5 weeks. Afterward, following the removal of ligatures, melatonin (10 mg/body weight) to Ep‐Mel group, and vehicle (saline) to Ep and control groups were administered intraperitoneally for 14 days. On the first day of the eighth week, mandibular and cardiac left ventricular tissue samples were obtained following the euthanasia of the rats in all groups. Alveolar bone loss measurements were made on histological and microcomputed tomographic slices. Cardiac tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), and cardiac Troponin‐T (cTnT) were evaluated by appropriate biochemical methods.ResultsMeasurements made on the histological and microcomputed tomographic slices showed that melatonin significantly limits the ligature‐induced periodontal tissue destruction (P <0.01). In addition, melatonin was detected to cause a significant decrease of MDA, MMP‐9, and cTnT levels which were found to be significantly higher on rats with Ep (P <0.05) while having no significant effect on antioxidant levels (GSH, SOD, and CAT) (P >0.05).ConclusionMelatonin might be regarded as an important supportive therapeutic agent to reduce the early degenerative changes and possible hypertrophic remodeling at cardiac left ventricular tissues provoked by periodontitis‐related bacteria and/or periodontal inflammation.
High‐efficiency quantum dot light‐emitting diodes with blue cadmium‐free quantum dots
Authors: Ryowa Tatsuya , Ishida Takeshi , Sakakibara Yusuke , Kitano Keisuke , Ueda Masaya , Izumi Makoto , Ogura Yuko , Tanaka Masanori , Nikata Soichiro , Watanabe Mayuko , Takasaki Mikihiro , Itoh Tetsuji , Miyanaga Akiharu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe report outstanding electroluminescence properties of high‐efficiency blue cadmium‐free quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QD‐LED). External quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.7% was achieved for QD‐LED emitting at 428 nm. Furthermore, we developed high‐efficiency and narrow wavelength emission zinc selenide (ZnSe) nanocrystals emitting at 445 nm and achieved QD‐LED with an EQE of 10.7%. These new QDs have great potential to be used in next‐generation QD‐LED display with wide color gamut.
Method development and validation for the determination of biogenic amines in soy sauce using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry
Authors: Song Liu , Huang Yang , Gou Marie‐Jia , Crommen Jacques , Jiang Zhengjin , Feng Yifan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBiogenic amines have been reported in many foods such as fish, meat, and soy sauce. The consumption of foods containing high concentrations of biogenic amines has been associated with health hazards. In this study, a green and efficient method using supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with single quadrupole mass spectrometry was developed for determination of biogenic amines in soy sauce. The chromatographic and mass spectrometry conditions were systematically optimized in terms of selectivity and peak shape. Nine biogenic amines were well separated within 25 min on a Cosmosil 5HP column using 5% (v/v) water and 0.2% (v/v) ammonia solution in methanol as mobile phase additives at a backpressure of 120 bar and temperature of 40°C. The established method was fully validated regarding the linearity, sensitivity, precision, and accuracy. The limits of detection and limits of quantification ranged from 0.03 to 10.50 μg/mL and 0.10 to 23.1 μg/mL, respectively. The relative standard deviations for intra‐ and interday precisions were all lower than 9.36% and the recoveries ranged from 75.82 to 99.63% and 80.10 to 99.89% for two levels of standards spiked in soy sauce, respectively. Finally, the established method was successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of biogenic amines in soy sauce.
A Systematic Review of Picosecond Laser in Dermatology: Evidence and Recommendations
Authors: Wu Douglas C. , Goldman Mitchel P. , Wat Heidi , Chan Henry H.L. 
Published: April 2020

Background and ObjectivesThe use of picosecond laser in dermatology was originally focused on optimizing the removal of unwanted tattoos. Subsequent advances in this technology have broadened its clinical indications to include treatment of benign pigmented lesions, photodamage, melasma, and scar revision. In this systematic review, evidence‐based recommendations are developed for the use of picosecond laser in dermatology.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA comprehensive search of the English language literature was performed up to and including November 2019. Relevant citations were individually evaluated, synthesized, and categorized based on the Level of Evidence. With the addition of the authors’ combined clinical experience, clinical recommendations were developed.ResultsAfter application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 77 unique studies were evaluated. Treatment of benign pigmented lesions was associated with level I–IV evidence; rejuvenation was associated with level II evidence; melasma was associated with level II evidence; scar revision was associated with level II–III evidence; tattoo removal was associated with level I evidence.ConclusionPicosecond laser is a safe and effective treatment modality for an increasing range of dermatologic indications. Further development of this technology is warranted. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.