bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is cervical cytology testing as a part of co‐test unnecessary for HPV 16/18‐infected women? A retrospective cohort study of 1647 women
Authors: Giray Burak , Kabaca Canan , Uzun Mine Guray , Akis Serkan , Purut Yunus Emre , Peker Esra Keles , Cetiner Handan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to present the biopsy results of women with HPV 16/18 infection and investigate whether cytology is necessary as a part of routine cervical cancer screening in women with HPV 16/18.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study conducted on 1647 patients between the ages of 30 and 65 years with HPV 16/18 undergoing colposcopy‐guided biopsy at a tertiary gynecological cancer center between January‐2016 and January‐2019. We compared the preinvasive lesion rates and the invasive cervical cancer rates of women with HPV 16/18 between the negative and the abnormal cytology group.ResultsOf the 1647 women, 1105 (67.1%) had negative cytology and 542 (32.9%) had abnormal cytology. Among women with initial negative cytology, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ lesion was detected in 205 (18.6%) women. The rate of CIN 2+ lesion in women with abnormal cytology was 28%. There was a significant difference between negative and abnormal cytology group in terms of CIN 2+ lesion rates (P < .001). Among women with initial negative cytology, invasive cervical cancer was detected in 6 (0.5%) women. The rate of invasive cervical cancer in women with abnormal cytology was 8 (1.5%). There was no significant difference between negative and abnormal cytology group in terms of invasive cervical cancer rates (P = .082).ConclusionsThe rate of cervical cancer among HPV 16/18‐infected women with negative cytology is similar to women with abnormal cytology. Based on the results of this study, Pap testing could be unnecessary in HPV 16/18‐infected women to diagnose invasive cervical cancer who will undergo colposcopy biopsy.
An introduction to agent‐based models as an accessible surrogate to field‐based research and teaching
Authors: Murphy Kilian J. , Ciuti Simone , Kane Adam 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThere are many barriers to fieldwork including cost, time, and physical ability. Unfortunately, these barriers disproportionately affect minority communities and create a disparity in access to fieldwork in the natural sciences. Travel restrictions, concerns about our carbon footprint, and the global lockdown have extended this barrier to fieldwork across the community and led to increased anxiety about gaps in productivity, especially among graduate students and early‐career researchers. In this paper, we discuss agent‐based modeling as an open‐source, accessible, and inclusive resource to substitute for lost fieldwork during COVID‐19 and for future scenarios of travel restrictions such as climate change and economic downturn. We describe the benefits of Agent‐Based models as a teaching and training resource for students across education levels. We discuss how and why educators and research scientists can implement them with examples from the literature on how agent‐based models can be applied broadly across life science research. We aim to amplify awareness and adoption of this technique to broaden the diversity and size of the agent‐based modeling community in ecology and evolutionary research. Finally, we discuss the challenges facing agent‐based modeling and discuss how quantitative ecology can work in tandem with traditional field ecology to improve both methods.
Safety assessment of Streptococcus thermophilus IDCC 2201 used for product manufacturing in Korea
Authors: Ban O‐Hyun , Oh Sangki , Park Chanmi , Bang Won Yeong , Lee Bo Som , Yang Soo‐Yeon , Chae Seung A , Jung Young Hoon , Yang Jungwoo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSafety evaluation of probiotics has become increasingly important for human consumption in food industry. The aims of this study were to assess safety of Streptococcus thermophilus IDCC 2201 through in vitro and in vivo tests. In results, this strain was found to be negative for hemolytic and β‐glucuronidase activity. In addition, thermophilus IDCC 2201 was susceptible to nine antibiotics suggested by EFSA. In accordance with MIC tests, whole‐genome analysis indicated that S. thermophilus IDCC 2201 neither harbors antibiotic resistance nor toxigenic genes. Furthermore, none of the biogenic amines including tyramine and histamine was produced and negligible amounts of D‐lactate were produced by S. thermophilus IDCC 2201. Finally, it was confirmed that there was no mortality and toxicity throughout single‐dose oral toxicity tests in rats. Therefore, we report that S. thermophilus IDCC 2201 is considered to be safe for human consumption as probiotics.
Watershed‐scale vegetation, water quantity, and water quality responses to wildfire in the southern Appalachian mountain region, United States
Authors: Caldwell Peter V. , Elliott Katherine J. , Liu Ning , Vose James M. , Zietlow David R. , Knoepp Jennifer D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWildfires are landscape scale disturbances that can significantly affect hydrologic processes such as runoff generation and sediment and nutrient transport to streams. In Fall 2016, multiple large drought‐related wildfires burned forests across the southern Appalachian Mountains. Immediately after the fires, we identified and instrumented eight 28.4–344 ha watersheds (four burned and four unburned) to measure vegetation, soil, water quantity, and water quality responses over the following two years. Within burned watersheds, plots varied in burn severity with up to 100% tree mortality and soil O‐horizon loss. Watershed scale high burn severity extent ranged from 5% to 65% of total watershed area. Water quantity and quality responses among burned watersheds were closely related to the high burn severity extent. Total water yield (Q) was up to 39% greater in burned watersheds than unburned reference watersheds. Total suspended solids (TSS) concentration during storm events were up to 168 times greater in samples collected from the most severely burned watershed than from a corresponding unburned reference watershed, suggesting that there was elevated risk of localized erosion and sedimentation of streams. NO3‐N concentration, export, and concentration dependence on streamflow were greater in burned watersheds and increased with increasing high burn severity extent. Mean NO3‐N concentration in the most severely burned watershed increased from 0.087 mg L−1in the first year to 0.363 mg L−1(+317%) in the second year. These results suggest that the 2016 wildfires degraded forest condition, increasedQ, and had negative effects on water quality particularly during storm events.
Impacts of wildfire and post‐fire land management on hydrological and sediment processes in a humid Mediterranean headwater catchment
Authors: Nunes João Pedro , Bernard‐Jannin Léonard , Rodríguez‐Blanco María Luz , Boulet Anne‐Karine , Santos Juliana Marisa , Keizer Jan Jacob 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe extensive afforestation of the Mediterranean rim of Europe in recent decades has increased the number of wildfire disturbances on hydrological and sediment processes, but the impacts on headwater catchments is still poorly understood, especially when compared with the previous agricultural landscape. This work monitored an agroforestry catchment in the north‐western Iberian Peninsula, with plantation forests mixed with traditional agriculture using soil conservation practices, for one year before the fire and for three years afterwards, during which period the burnt area was ploughed and reforested. During this period, continuous data was collected for meteorology, streamflow and sediment concentration at the outlet, erosion features were mapped and measured after major rainfall events, and channel sediment dynamics were monitored downstream from the agricultural and the burnt forest area. Data from 202 rainfall events with over 10 mm was analysed in detail. Results show that the fire led to a notable impact on sediment processes during the first two post‐fire years, but not on streamflow processes; this despite the small size of the burnt area (10% of the catchment) and the occurrence of a severe drought in the first year after the fire. During this period, soil loss at the burnt forest slopes was much larger than that at most traditionally managed fields, and, ultimately, led to sediment exhaustion. At the catchment scale, storm characteristics were the dominant factor behind streamflow and sediment yield both before and after the fire. However, the data indicated a shift from detachment‐limited sediment yield before the fire, to transport‐limited sediment yield afterwards, with important increases in streamflow sediment concentration. This indicates that even small fires can temporarily change sediment processes in agroforestry catchments, with potential negative consequences for downstream water quality.
The clonal relation of primary upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma and paired urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
Authors: van Doeveren Thomas , Nakauma‐Gonzalez Jose A. , Mason Andrew S. , van Leenders Geert J. L. H. , Zuiverloon Tahlita C. M. , Zwarthoff Ellen C. , Meijssen Isabelle C. , van der Made Angelique C. , van der Heijden Antoine G. , Hendricksen Kees , van Rhijn Bas W. G. , Voskuilen Charlotte S. , van Riet Job , Dinjens Winand N. M. , Dubbink Hendrikus J. , van de Werken Harmen J. G. , Boormans Joost L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe risk of developing urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) in patients treated by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for an upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is 22% to 47% in the 2 years after surgery. Subject of debate remains whether UTUC and the subsequent UCB are clonally related or represent separate origins. To investigate the clonal relationship between both entities, we performed targeted DNA sequencing of a panel of 41 genes on matched normal and tumor tissue of 15 primary UTUC patients treated by RNU who later developed 19 UCBs. Based on the detected tumor‐specific DNA aberrations, the paired UTUC and UCB(s) of 11 patients (73.3%) showed a clonal relation, whereas in four patients the molecular results did not indicate a clear clonal relationship. Our results support the hypothesis that UCBs following a primary surgically resected UTUC are predominantly clonally derived recurrences and not separate entities.
Monitoring water status in apple trees using a sensitive morning crop water stress index*
Authors: Mohamed Abdelmoneim Z. , Osroosh Yasin , Peters R. Troy , Bates Travis , Campbell Colin S. , Ferrer‐Alegre Francesc 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe crop water stress index (CWSI) has shown to be a good indicator of water status in fruit trees. Conventional CWSI measured over solar noon is widely used to monitor plant water status. This study compared the theoretical CWSI averaged over morning hours, CWSImo, and over solar noon hours, CWSImd, of apple trees. This study also assessed their sensitivity to the changes in soil water status (soil water deficit [SWD, %] and soil water potential [SWP, kPa]) at different root zone depths. Four different types of commercial and experimental apple orchards with different characteristics growing under semi‐arid conditions in Washington State, United States, were chosen to assess CWSImo against CWSImd sensitivity to soil water status. In some of these locations, soil water status ranged from fully watered to severely stressed (low water deficit to high water deficit). Ground‐based thermal and microclimate measurements were recorded continuously at 10‐s intervals and acquired for the 15‐min average on a daily basis throughout the study period. The linear relationship between SWD and CWSImo at the effective root zone depth (average of 0–150 mm and 0–460 mm) resulted in a slightly higher correlation (R2 = 0.42–0.64, p < .001) compared to the traditional CWSImd (R2 = 0.32–0.60, p < 0.001). The correlation between CWSImo and SWP (R2 = 0.38–0.69, p < 0.001) was found to be larger than the correlation between CWSImo and SWD, while SWP was less correlated with CWSImd (R2 = 0.33–0.55, p < 0.001). Interestingly, a better relationship between soil water status and both CWSImo and CWSImd was observed using a nadir view orientation thermal measurement. The CWSImo showed higher sensitivity to SWP than SWD.
Adaptation to climate change in irrigated agriculture in Uzbekistan*
Authors: Mukhamedjanov Shukhrat , Mukhomedjanov Azamat , Sagdullaev Rustam , Khasanova Nazokat 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn recent years, climate change in Central Asia, especially in Uzbekistan, has resulted in sharp alternation of dry and wet years. In such conditions, agriculture has turned into the most vulnerable sector. Agricultural producers have not been able to adapt to such variations of climatic conditions. Traditional irrigation approaches and agronomic operations are becoming unacceptable against the background of severe droughts or heavy rains. Moreover, intra‐annual distribution of precipitation and air temperature has changed. Especially in agriculture, increased rainfall in spring and summer and decreased rainfall in autumn and winter has had a negative impact.In 2013, the Global Water Partnership initiated the Water, Climate, and Development Programme for Caucasus and Central Asia. In the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan, a project was implemented to study the possibility of agriculture adaptation to climate change within the framework of this programme. This article presents an analysis of long‐term data received from 1960 to 2014 on air temperature and precipitation. As a result of these studies, it has been determined that we can forecast the current year's weather conditions if we find a similar year in recent years. For the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan, it has been established that we have a stable spring, when winter is cold with heavy precipitation, and we have a cold spring and summer with high precipitation, when we have a warm winter with low precipitation. Past experience has shown that the use of water for irrigation, taking into account climatic conditions, has a significant impact on reducing irrigation water and increasing crop yields.
Machine Learning in Meningioma MRI: Past to Present. A Narrative Review
Authors: Neromyliotis Eleftherios , Kalamatianos Theodosis , Paschalis Athanasios , Komaitis Spyridon , Fountas Konstantinos N. , Kapsalaki Eftychia Z. , Stranjalis George , Tsougos Ioannis 
Published: October 2020

Meningioma is one of the most frequent primary central nervous system tumors. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is the standard radiologic technique for provisional diagnosis and surveillance of meningioma, it nevertheless lacks the prima facie capacity in determining meningioma biological aggressiveness, growth, and recurrence potential. An increasing body of evidence highlights the potential of machine learning and radiomics in improving the consistency and productivity and in providing novel diagnostic, treatment, and prognostic modalities in neuroncology imaging. The aim of the present article is to review the evolution and progress of approaches utilizing machine learning in meningioma MRI‐based sementation, diagnosis, grading, and prognosis. We provide a historical perspective on original research on meningioma spanning over two decades and highlight recent studies indicating the feasibility of pertinent approaches, including deep learning in addressing several clinically challenging aspects. We indicate the limitations of previous research designs and resources and propose future directions by highlighting areas of research that remain largely unexplored.Level of Evidence5Technical Efficacy Stage2
Social and situational dynamics surrounding workplace mistreatment: Context matters
Authors: Hershcovis M. Sandy , Cortina Lilia M. , Robinson Sandra L. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryIn our introduction to this special issue, we explain why understanding the social and situational context around workplace mistreatment is important. We then provide summaries of the six articles in this special issue and conclude by identifying three key themes—social interpretation, recursive nature of mistreatment, and beyond the dyad—and some important directions for future research.
Neuroprotective effects of Apium graveolens against focal cerebral ischemia occur partly via antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐apoptotic pathways
Authors: Jittiwat Jinatta , Chonpathompikunlert Pennapa , Sukketsiri Wanida 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDStroke is a neurological disease caused by a sudden disturbance of cerebral blood flow to the brain, leading to loss of brain function. Recently, accumulating lines of evidence have suggested that dietary enrichment with nutritional antioxidants could reduce brain damage and improve cognitive function. In this study, we investigated the possible protective effects of Apium graveolens, a medicinal plant with putative neuroprotective activity, against oxidative‐stress‐related brain damage and brain damage due to inflammation induced by focal cerebral ischemia.METHODSMale adult Wistar rats were administered with an extract of A. graveolens orally 14 days before permanent occlusion of their right middle cerebral artery. The brain infarct volumes of rats in each group were determined by 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, and the density of neurons in the cortex and hippocampus of rats was determined by cresyl violet staining. The levels of malondialdehyde, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of the rats were also quantified at the end of the study period.RESULTSOur results show that A. graveolens extract significantly decreased infarct volume and improved neuronal density in the cortex and hippocampus of rats receiving A. graveolens extract compared with those rats receiving no treatment. This neuroprotective effect was found to occur partly due to antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐apoptotic effects.CONCLUSIONOur study demonstrates that A. graveolens helps to reduce the severity of cognitive damage caused by focal cerebral ischemia. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Humic acid as foliar and soil application improve the growth, yield and quality of coffee (cv. C × R) in Western Ghats of India
Authors: Kishor Mote , Jayakumar Manickam , Gokavi Nagaraj , Mukharib Dharmapura Shamshudheen , Raghuramulu Yenugula , Udayar Pillai Surendran 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDHumic acid is a promising natural resource to be utilized as an alternative for increasing soil fertility and crop production. A field experiment was conducted on the loamy sand soil at the Central Coffee Research Institute research farm, Karnataka, India for 2 years to evaluate the influence of humic acid on yield and bean quality of coffee with six treatments. The treatments comprised of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), humic acid soil application and foliar spray along with nutrient mixture and growth hormones.RESULTSThe data of the yield attributes of coffee revealed that the highest total nodes per branch, crop nodes per branch, flower buds, total number of fruits per branch and fruit set percentage of 17.45, 9.4, 208.65, 153.31 and 3.28, respectively, were recorded by T6, which consists of RDF + humic acid granules at 10 kg acre−1 + nutrient mixture spray (1 kg urea, 1 kg SSP, 0.75 kg MOP, 1 kg ZnSO4 + 75 mL Planofix 200 L−1 + humic acid at 600 mL 200 L−1 as foliar application 25 days after blossom) during the both years of study. Humic acid application significantly improved the yield in both seasons of research. The same trend was observed in coffee bean quality and tree nutrients status. Postharvest nutrient status in the soil did not show any significance.CONCLUSIONSThe study emphasized that application of humic acid as soil and foliar application improves the yield attributes, yield and quality of coffee apart from the economic profitability. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Inhibition of enzymes associated with metabolic and neurological disorder by dried pomegranate sheets as a function of pomegranate cultivar and fruit puree
Authors: Cano‐Lamadrid Marina , Tkacz Karolina , Turkiewicz Igor P , Nowicka Paulina , Hernández Francisca , Lech Krzystof , Carbonell‐Barrachina Ángel A , Wojdyło Aneta 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDObesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus are the most extended current chronic diseases and also Alzheimer pathology which is a progressive degenerative neurological disorder. Therefore, finding effective enzyme inhibitors responsible for the development of these diseases are essential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of fruit purée (Cydonia oblonga, Ziziphus jujube and Malus domestica) and pomegranate juice cultivar (‘Mollar de Elche’ and ‘Wonderful’) of dried pomegranate sheets (DS) on the inhibition of enzymes associated with metabolic (α‐amylase, α‐glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase activity), and neurological disorder (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity). Quality properties (colour coordinates, texture properties and sensory characteristics) of DS were also studied. In addition, it was researched the effect of storage conditions (4 months at 4 and 20 °C) on phenolic content.RESULTSDS from jujube had the highest antioxidant capacity and were characterized by the highest storage stability with respect to phenolic compounds. The α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50, in mg mL−1) inhibition of DS ranged from 107 to 216 and from 55.2 to values indicating no effect, respectively. The inhibition toward pancreatic lipase (IC50 < 5 mg mL−1), acetylcholinesterase (ranged 9.15–22.2%) and butyrylcholinesterase (ranged 20.6–48.6%) was increased with the presence of total flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids content (identifying mainly in DS from quinces). It is noteworthy that none of the samples presented off‐flavour notes, supporting the high quality of the products.CONCLUSIONDS can be an innovative supplement to a diet as a snack used in the prevention of neurological changes and disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry