bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic impact of solid tumor component diameter in early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated fractionated radiotherapy: a retrospective analysis impact of solid tumor component diameter in NSCLC treated with IMRT
Authors: Itonaga Tomohiro , Mikami Ryuji , Okubo Mitsuru , Saito Tatsuhiko , Shiraishi Sachika , Sugahara Shinji , Tokuuye Koichi , Saito Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2020

Objective:
To investigate the suitability of the new diameter-based subgroupings of the eighth edition Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) classification system regarding radiotherapy treatment for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we retrospectively re-analyzed the clinical data of patients treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy using non-coplanar beams (ncIMRT) for Stage I NSCLC.

Methods:
Between March 2011 and March 2018, 92 patients with 94 tumors who were diagnosed with Stage I NSCLC according to the seventh edition TNM classification system were enrolled and underwent ncIMRT of 75 Gy in 30 fractions. Local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were retrospectively investigated according to the T-classification subdivisions of the eighth edition and maximal solid tumor component diameter.

Results:
The median follow-up period was 32.5 months. The median maximum tumor and solid tumor component diameters were 22 mm and 18 mm, respectively. 3-year LC, PFS, and OS rates were 84.1%, 69.4%, and 85.3%, respectively. The 3-year LC rates were 91.0 and 76.8% in the groups with tumor diameter ≤2 cm and &gt;2 cm, corresponding to the T1c and T1b subdivisions of the eighth edition, respectively (p = 0.24). In the ≤2 cm and &gt;2 cm solid tumor component groups, the 3 year LC rates were 93.6 and 63.2%, respectively, which were significantly different (p = 0.007).

Conclusion:
LC rates after radiotherapy in patients with Stage I NSCLC were correlated with solid tumor component diameter. High LC rates in patients with solid tumor components &lt;2 cm in diameter were associated with high PFS and OS rates.

Advances in knowledge:
This study suggests that the eighth edition TNM classification system, which focuses on solid tumor components rather than tumor diameter, can be applied to radiotherapy.
RNA-Seq analysis of early transcriptional responses to activation in the leukaemic Jurkat E6.1 T cell line
Authors: Felce Suet Ling , Farnie Gillian , Dustin Michael L. , Felce James H. 
Published: March 2020

Background: The leukaemia-derived Jurkat E6.1 cell line has been used as a model T cell in the study of many aspects of T cell biology, most notably activation in response to T cell receptor (TCR) engagement. Methods: We present whole-transcriptome RNA-Sequencing data for Jurkat E6.1 cells in the resting state and two hours post-activation via TCR and CD28. We compare early transcriptional responses in the presence and absence of the chemokines CXCL12 and CCL19, and perform a basic comparison between observed transcriptional responses in Jurkat E6.1 cells and those in primary human T cells using publicly deposited data. Results: Jurkat E6.1 cells have many of the hallmarks of standard T cell transcriptional responses to activation, but lack most of the depth of responses in primary cells. Conclusions: These data indicate that Jurkat E6.1 cells hence represent only a highly simplified model of early T cell transcriptional responses.
Spiritual dimension in palliative care from the perspective of Thai palliative caregivers
Authors: Sukcharoen Pilaiporn , Sakunpong Nanchatsan , Sripa Kantita 
Published: March 2020

Background: In Thailand, most terminally ill patients die in hospital and are looked after by health professionals. Terminally ill patients tend to receive physical care only, while in the main, spiritual care is neglected. This study aimed to explore spirituality in palliative care health professionals and spiritual leaders in the Thai Buddhist context. Method: In this qualitative case study, seven experienced palliative caregivers took part in in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis and a trustworthiness process were used to analyse the data. Findings: Three themes emerged: (1) the ability for self-awareness and faith; (2) acceptance and compassion for others; and (3) spiritual behaviour while nursing. Conclusion: The results revealed the meaning of spirituality and the necessary characteristics for spirituality in palliative care for the participants, which could serve as a basis for further development.
Understanding the needs of skin of colour
Authors: Ayodele Dija 
Published: March 2020

The skin of colour population is rising globally and practitioners are faced with an increasingly diverse footfall. Additionally, there are also increased demands for inclusivity in a vastly multi-cultural world. To satisfy these societal changes, it is important for practitioners to be competent in meeting the needs of all patient groups. From understanding the physiology of skin of colour to an appreciation of how culture, myths and expectations impact the conditions presented, as well as product and treatment selection, practitioners today need greater awareness to provide a superior and profitable service that meets the needs of all patients and stakeholders.
A Survey on Artificial Intelligence in Malware as Next-Generation Threats
Authors: Thanh Cong Truong , Zelinka Ivan 
Published: March 2020

Recent developments in Artificial intelligence (AI) have a vast transformative potential for both cybersecurity defenders and cybercriminals. Anti-malware solutions adopt intelligent techniques to detect and prevent threats to the digital space. In contrast, cybercriminals are aware of the new prospects too and will probably try to use it in their activities. This survey aims at providing an overview on the way artificial intelligence can be used to power a malicious program that is: intelligent evasion techniques, autonomous malware, AI against itself, and applying bio-inspired computation and swarm intelligence.
Chiral and plasmonic hybrid dimer pair: reversal of both near- and far-field optical binding forces
Authors: Ahsan Naima Binte , Shamim Rafia , Mahdy M. R. C. , Das Saikat Chandra , Rivy Hamim Mahmud , Dolon Chaity Islam , Hossain Maruf , Faisal K. M. 
Published: March 2020

In both the near-field (around 10 to 250 nm interparticle distance) and far-field (around 1 µm to higher interparticle distances) regions, controlling the mutual attraction and repulsion between chiral and plasmonic hybrid dimers using light has not been reported so far to the best of our knowledge. Such control is called controlling the reversal of the optical binding force. In most setups, the reversal of the optical binding force between plasmonic heterodimers vanishes with an interparticle distance of around 100 nm and above due to the disappearance of the Fano resonance. In this paper, we have demonstrated a possible optical setup, illuminated by a linearly polarized plane wave: chiral and plasmonic hybrid dimers over a plasmonic substrate, which supports the reversal of the optical binding force in both the near- and far-field regions. First, by varying the light wavelengths, we have shown that the optical binding force does not reverse for either the chiral homodimers set and or the plasmonic homodimer set for different interparticle distances. Later, we created a hybrid dimer system by placing a plasmonic and a chiral nanoparticle together. Interestingly, at the far-field region, a strong plasmonic resonance is observed, but a reversal of the optical binding force does not occur. Finally, we have placed the same chiral–plasmonic hybrid dimer setup over a plasmonic substrate and the desired result—a reversal of the binding force—is observed due to the induced lateral force on the chiral object (in the presence of the substrate) and the Fano-type resonance in the system. Controlling such near- and far-field optical binding forces can be an important aspect for particle clustering, accumulation, crystallization, and the organization of templates for biological and colloidal sciences in the near future.
Performance of an optical single-sideband laser system for atom interferometry
Authors: Rammeloo Clemens , Zhu Lingxiao , Lien Yu-Hung , Bongs Kai , Holynski Michael 
Published: March 2020

This paper reports on a detailed performance characterization of a recently developed optical single-sideband (OSSB) laser system based on an IQ modulator and second-harmonic generation for rubidium atom interferometry experiments. The measured performance is used to evaluate the noise contributions of this OSSB laser system when it is applied to drive stimulated Raman transitions in

87

R
b

for precision measurements of gravitational acceleration. The laser system suppresses unwanted sideband components, but additional phase shift compensation must be applied when performing frequency chirps with such an OSSB laser system. The total phase noise contribution of the OSSB laser system in the current experiment is 72 mrad for a single atom interferometry sequence with interrogation times of

T
=
120

m
s

, which corresponds to a relative precision of 32 ng per shot. The dominant noise sources are found in the relative power fluctuations between sideband and carrier components and the phase noise of the microwave source.
Enhanced light extraction from organic light-emitting diodes by reducing plasmonic loss through graded photonic super-crystals
Authors: Alnasser Khadijah , Hassan Safaa , Kamau Steve , Zhang Hualiang , Lin Yuankun 
Published: March 2020

In a planar organic light-emitting diode (OLED), over 50% of emitted lights are trapped as a waveguide mode in the organic-indium tin oxide layer and as a surface plasmon polariton mode at the metal and organic layer interface. The light extraction efficiency into the glass substrate is greatly enhanced when the organic/Al interface of the OLED is patterned with a graded photonic super-crystal (GPSC), by destroying the plasmonic resonance condition through graded patterns and by scattering the surface plasmon polariton into the glass. The light extraction efficiency increases with the area fraction of graded regions in the GPSC. The efficiency can reach above 68.5%, 72.9%, and 78.9% for octagonal, square, and triangular GPSCs with area fractions of the graded regions of 53.9%, 78.5%, and 90.7%, respectively. The light extraction efficiency goes up to 83.0%, 81.2%, and 79.0% at the wavelengths of 447, 507, and 608 nm, respectively, in OLED patterned with triangular GPSC, compared with the targeted efficiency of 70%.
Optimization of laser dynamics for active stabilization of DF-VECSELs dedicated to cesium CPT clocks
Authors: Gredat Grégory , Liu Hui , Cotxet Jérémie , Tricot François , Baili Ghaya , Gutty François , Goldfarb Fabienne , Sagnes Isabelle , Bretenaker Fabien 
Published: March 2020

We report the implementation and performance of a double servo-loop for intensity and phase-difference active stabilization of a dual-frequency vertical external-cavity surface-emitting laser (DF-VECSEL) for coherent population trapping (CPT) of cesium atoms in the framework of compact atomic clocks. In-phase fully correlated pumping of the two laser modes is identified as the best scheme for intensity noise reduction, and an analytical model allows optimization of the active stabilization strategy. Optical phase locking the beat-note to a local oscillator leads to a phase noise level below

−

103

d
B
c

/

H
z

at 100 Hz from the carrier. The laser contribution to the short-term frequency stability of the clock is predicted to be compatible with a targeted Allan deviation below

σ
y

=
5
×

10

−
13

over 1 s.
Bibliotheken und ihr zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement: ein Werkstattbericht aus dem Landesbibliothekszentrum Rheinland-Pfalz
Authors: Heinrich Kerstin , Koelges Barbara 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Die veränderten und komplexeren Anforderungen in der modernen Gesellschaft: die zunehmende Digitalisierung, der demographische Wandel, die Wichtigkeit lebenslangen Lernens, die Veränderung hin zur interkulturellen Gesellschaft stellen auch die Bibliotheken vor neue Herausforderungen. Der Beitrag zeigt anhand aktueller Praxisbeispiele des Landesbibliothekszentrums Rheinland-Pfalz (LBZ) auf, wie auch wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken sich verstärkt zu gesellschaftspolitischen Themen engagieren und gibt Beispiele für neue Angebote und Veranstaltungsformate, die diese Arbeit unterstützen.
Bread making potential of Triticum aestivum and Triticum spelta species
Authors: Podolska Grażyna , Aleksandrowicz Edyta , Szafrańska Anna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the effect of two winter wheat species: Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare, and Triticum spelta, cultivated in different percentage of cereals in crop rotation, on their bread making potential. The analyzed grain samples were obtained from a field experiment conducted during three years 2014-2016 at the Experimental Station in Osiny (51°35’, 21°55’), Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Puławy, Poland. The experiment was established following different percentages of shared cereals in crop rotation (SCCR): 50, 75 and 100%. Wheat cultivation was performed in accordance with good agricultural practice standards. Protein content, gluten content, Zeleny sedimentation index and alveograph properties were determined. Wheat species strongly influenced bread potential. The Triticum aestivum compared to Triticum spelta was characterized by significantly higher gluten quality and Zeleny sedimentation index as well as better alveograph properties. Common wheat showed the highest baking value (W). Spelt wheat was characterized by the lowest tenacity (P) and the highest extensibility (L). Moreover, the percentage of cereals in crop rotation had an effect on grain and dough quality parameters. Cultivation of wheat in 100% share of cereals resulted in the lowest grain and dough quality.
Laboratory testing for activated protein C resistance: rivaroxaban induced interference and a comparative evaluation of andexanet alfa and DOAC Stop to neutralise interference
Authors: Favaloro Emmanuel J. , Gilmore Grace , Bonar Roslyn , Dean Elysse , Arunachalam Sandya , Mohammed Soma , Baker Ross 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Investigation of hemostasis is problematic when patients are on anticoagulant therapy. Rivaroxaban especially causes substantial interference, extending many clot-based tests, thereby leading to false positive or negative events. In particular, rivaroxaban affects some assays for activated protein C resistance (APCR).

Methods
We assessed, in an international setting, cross laboratory (n = 31) testing using four samples to evaluate rivaroxaban induced interference in APCR testing, and whether this interference could be neutralised. The samples comprised: (A) pool of normal plasma (APCR-negative control); (B) this normal pool spiked with rivaroxaban (200 ng/mL) to create rivaroxaban-induced interference (potential ‘false’ positive APCR event sample); (C) the rivaroxaban sample subsequently treated with a commercial direct oral anticoagulant ‘DOAC-neutraliser’ (DOAC Stop), or (D) treated with andexanet alfa (200 μg/mL). Testing was performed blind to sample type.

Results
The rivaroxaban-spiked sample generated false positive APCR results for some, but unexpectedly not most APCR-tests. The sample treated with DOAC Stop evidenced a correction in the rivaroxaban-affected APCR assays, and did not otherwise adversely affect the rivaroxaban ‘unaffected’ APCR assays. The andexanet alfa-treated sample did not evidence correction of the false positive APCR, and instead unexpectedly exacerbated false positive APCR status with many tests.

Conclusions
DOAC Stop was able to neutralise any APCR interference induced by rivaroxaban. In contrast, andexanet alfa did not negate such interference, and instead unexpectedly created more false-positive APCR events.
Insight into the cadmium and zinc binding potential of humic acids derived from composts by EEM spectra combined with PARAFAC analysis
Authors: Liu Minru , Tang Zhihua , Lin Zhenrong , Guo Huafang , Yu Zhen , Liu Xiaoming , Fang Kejing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo investigate the characteristics of humic acids (HAs) and the combined effects of HAs on heavy metals, three HAs derived from kitchen waste compost (KW), pig manure compost (PM), and green waste compost (GW) were exposed to Cd(II) and Zn(II). The elemental contents and functional groups of HAs were different due to different raw materials. Fulvic-, humic-like content C1, humic-like content C4, and two protein-like contents C2 and C3 were identified in three HAs by EEM-PARAFAC analysis. The effects of HAs on heavy metals were associated with the metal species and HA source. Our results reveal that titrating Cd(II) caused stronger fluorescence quenching compared to titrating Zn(II) for all HAs. C1 and C4 of KW-HAs and PM-HAs showed fluorescence quenching after Cd(II) was added, whereas negligible fluorescence quenching was found when Zn(II) was added. In addition, C1 and C4 in the GW-HAs did not show obvious fluorescence quenching regardless of whether Cd(II) or Zn(II) was added. C3 in all HAs caused significant fluorescence quenching, suggesting that C3 plays an important role affecting the mobility of heavy metals. Consequently, these results suggest that HAs from KW and PM have greater potential for Cd-contaminated soil remediation than those from GW.
Success rate of five fetal cardiac views using HDlive Flow with spatiotemporal image correlation at 18–21 and 28–31 weeks of gestation
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Koyanagi Aya , Yamanishi Tomomi , Bouno Saori , Takayoshi Riko , Miyagi Yasunari , Miyake Takahito 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the success rates of five fetal cardiac views using HDlive Flow (Silhouette) with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, and to verify the feasibility of obtaining five cardiac views by volumes.MethodsOne hundred and eighteen normal fetuses at 18–21 and 28–31 weeks of gestation were studied using HDlive Flow (Silhouette) with STIC to assess the success rates of five fetal cardiac views (frontal, spatial three-vessel, panoramic, posterior, and right lateral views). Target structures in each cardiac view were evaluated. “Good” was assigned when all structures were noted, “Fair” when only one structure was missed, and “Poor” when two and more structures could not been detected.ResultsThere were no significant differences in success rates of each cardiac view between 18–21 and 28–31 weeks of gestation. The rate of “Good” with a spatial three-vessel view was significantly higher than that with other cardiac views at 18–21 and 28–31 weeks, respectively (P < 0.05).ConclusionFive cardiac views using HDlive Flow (Silhouette) with STIC may become an adjunctive and useful tool in fetal cardiac examination.
Climate change and the projected burden of future health impacts – The Project EXHAUSTION
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Rai Masna , Breitner Susanne , Aunan Kristin , Schneider Alexandra 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Climate change, foreseen to cause adverse effects on human health, is an emerging global public health threat. Several studies have projected an increasing burden of health effects in the future as a result of global warming. Nevertheless, research in this field is comparatively young and so far there are no concrete answers about the future climate change related health impacts. This article discusses existing research gaps and introduces the EU project EXHAUSTION which aims to fill at least some of them.
Das Hitzewarnsystem des Deutschen Wetterdienstes (DWD)
Authors: Matzarakis Andreas , Stefan Muthers 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hitzewellen in den letzten Jahrzenten haben gezeigt, dass es zu einer Erhöhung der Mortalität kommen kann. Die negativen Implikationen der sehr starken Hitzewellen im Jahr 2003 haben den akuten Handlungsbedarf deutlich gemacht. Um die allgemeine Bevölkerung und spezifische Bevölkerungsgruppen zu schützen, wurde beim Deutschen Wetterdienst (DWD) ein Hitzewarnsystem entwickelt und in die Routinevorhersage integriert. Die Warnungen basieren auf der Gefühlten Temperatur am Tag und einer berechneten Temperatur für Innenräume in der Nacht.
Klimaextreme – Handlungsempfehlungen für Pflegeheime und deren ordnungsrechtliche Überprüfung am Beispiel Hessen
Authors: Krampen Regine 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Pflegebedürftige und ältere Menschen gehören zu den besonders gefährdeten Bevölkerungsgruppen bei Hitzeextremen. Als Reaktion auf Todesfälle im Hitzesommer 2003 wurden in Hessen Handlungsanleitungen für Pflegeheime entwickelt. Seit 2004 überprüft und berät die Hessische Betreuungs- und Pflegeaufsicht an Hitzewarntagen stationäre Einrichtungen zu Sofortmaßnahmen, legitimiert durch einen Erlass des Hessischen Sozialministeriums, und dokumentiert die Ergebnisse. Einrichtungen, die bereits häufiger überprüft wurden, scheinen inzwischen weniger Beratungsbedarf zu haben.
Empfehlungen für die Erstellung von Hitzeaktionsplänen – Handeln für eine bessere Gesundheitsvorsorge
Authors: Mücke Hans-Guido , Straff Wolfgang 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Als Effekt des Klimawandels stellen extreme Hitzeereignisse eine zunehmende Gesundheitsgefährdung dar. Hitzeaktionspläne dienen der Etablierung gezielter Interventionsmaßnahmen zum präventiven Gesundheitsschutz. Hierzu wurden 2017 Handlungsempfehlungen publiziert. Sie skizzieren kurz-, mittel- und langfristige Optionen für gesundheitliche Anpassungsmaßnahmen an den Klimawandel für eine zeitnahe Umsetzung regional bzw. lokal angepasster Hitzeaktionspläne.
Sharing SRP data to reduce environmentally associated disease and promote transdisciplinary research
Authors: Heacock Michelle L. , Amolegbe Sara M. , Skalla Lesley A. , Trottier Brittany A. , Carlin Danielle J. , Henry Heather F. , Lopez Adeline R. , Duncan Christopher G. , Lawler Cindy P. , Balshaw David M. , Suk William A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Superfund Basic Research and Training Program (SRP) funds a wide range of projects that span biomedical, environmental sciences, and engineering research and generate a wealth of data resulting from hypothesis-driven research projects. Combining or integrating these diverse data offers an opportunity to uncover new scientific connections that can be used to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the interplay between exposures and health. Integrating and reusing data generated from individual research projects within the program requires harmonization of data workflows, ensuring consistent and robust practices in data stewardship, and embracing data sharing from the onset of data collection and analysis. We describe opportunities to leverage data within the SRP and current SRP efforts to advance data sharing and reuse, including by developing an SRP dataset library and fostering data integration through Data Management and Analysis Cores. We also discuss opportunities to improve public health by identifying parallels in the data captured from health and engineering research, layering data streams for a more comprehensive picture of exposures and disease, and using existing SRP research infrastructure to facilitate and foster data sharing. Importantly, we point out that while the SRP is in a unique position to exploit these opportunities, they can be employed across environmental health research. SRP research teams, which comprise cross-disciplinary scientists focused on similar research questions, are well positioned to use data to leverage previous findings and accelerate the pace of research. Incorporating data streams from different disciplines addressing similar questions can provide a broader understanding and uncover the answers to complex and discrete research questions.