bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conducting a Graduate Tracer Study at a University of Technology: a Quest to Enhance the Learning Experience
Authors: Brits Hans J. , Steyn Chris 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The university is a complex open system with a range of stakeholders each with a variety of (different) expectations. It is important for universities to be aware of these expectations and to ensure that they are achievable (Ulewicz 2017:93). Universities are key role players in improving employability and to enhance economic growth. They are preparing students with the knowledge and skills required for the contemporary labour market (Tran 2016, 58-59) and should respond to governments’ neoliberal pressures in finding ways to address the requirements of the labour market and to apply mechanisms to safeguard their graduates from unemployment. Vaal University of Technology (VUT) in South Africa, conducted a Tracer Study to gather information on graduate’s experience and to evaluate their abilities and skills as employees. This is important as knowledge of the outcomes of the educational experience forms the basis for quality enhancement.
This presentation focuses on tracer studies as mechanisms to enhance programme quality and will reflect on the methodology that VUT followed, how the results inform the development of institutional remedial action plans and lessons learnt. This study may contribute to the dearth of research available on tracer studies in the sector.
Incorporation of Practice Based Approach into Engineering Education at Master Level: Analysis of Needs of Teaching staff at Cape Peninsula University of Technology within PEESA III Project
Authors: Gruenwald Norbert , Staak Anthony , Bosman Stephen , Ndihokubwayo Ruben , Zaščerinska Jeļena , Ahrens Andreas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Company’s work, growth and development are facilitated by the synergy between employee education and working. However, fresh employees who recently graduated from higher education institutions are often mismatched to their jobs due to their imbalances between skills offered or, in other words, education, and skills needed or, in other words, practice in the world of work. For bridging the gap between graduates’ skills and company’s needs, technical universities traditionally devote much time to students’ practical training. The aim of the present paper is to analyse scientific literature on practice based approach underpinning empirical study of needs of teaching staff within PEESA III Project for incorporation of practice based approach into engineering education at master level in South Africa. The data was collected through focus group interview at Cape Peninsula University of Technology in May 2019. The findings of the present research are that university teachers’ experience in practice based approach at universities in South Africa has to be enriched. The following research question has been formulated: How to organize a teacher professional development within teacher training for effective incorporation of practice based approach into engineering education at master level in South Africa? Directions of further research are formulated.
Teaching in Higher Education: Students’ Deep Learning of Brewing by Labwork
Authors: Păcală Mariana-Liliana , Șipoş Anca Sorina , Brudiu Lucica , Favier Lidia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The amount of theoretical and practical information to be given to students from engineering food specialty is increasingly greater. Within this perspective, it is important to use teaching-learning methods which to develop students’ cognitive ability through the efficient by of them of knowledge acquired at fundamental and specialized disciplines. The article aims to present in an integrated graphical manner the laboratory entitled “Determination of alcoholic concentration of beer by distillation” within the discipline of “Technology and control in the malt and beer industry” that is taught to students in the field of Food Engineering. The integrative approach to the laboratory theme is based on the generation of a graphical organization of the laboratory work content, thus enabling an efficient guidance of the teaching-learning process. On the same structure of the graphical organization of laboratory work are processed and interpreted experimental results, resulting in students’ deep learning of brewing by laboratory work. In conclusion, the use of integrated graphical manner in the teaching of laboratory work allowed students to achieve much better results in the assessment of laboratory activity, to find an improvement in self-organizing and self-evolving and to be more confident about the scientific research activity.
EXTEND Project: Systematic Approach to Curricula Development
Authors: Lazarou Elisabeth , Zerkina Natalya , Savinova Yulia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
EXTEND project is aimed at modernizing approaches to teaching engineering disciplines in Russia and Tajikistan, increasing quality of education and possibilities of employment for young engineers, students’ motivation and making engineering education attractive. Modern universities carry out not only professional training of students, but also prepare competitively capable personnel who can survive and thrive in modern free market relations, accompanied by a variety of forms of ownership and competition. International educational projects are relevant as they supply universities with international experience and job possibilities. Therefore, foreign languages competence is of key importance for engineers of future generation, and is a means of forming professional, communicative, linguistic and cultural competences. Success of teaching foreign languages depends not only on teachers’ skills, but on carefully selected and elaborated didactic materials as well. EXTEND project team exchange ideas and experience that result in fruitful discussion of issues concerning elaborating new courses to improve engineering education. International teams, which include EXTEND project participants from European, Russian and Tajik higher educational institutions will carry out the task. Project EXTEND is an open kind of consortium, which implies that members from partner countries subordinate to its leader and share joint responsibility for commitments of the consortium.
Managing Earthwork Construction Business Institutions Applying Industry 4.0 Relating Technologies – The Case of German SMEs
Authors: Hoch Nino B. , Brad Stelian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The interest in Industry 4.0 relating technology in earthwork construction is increasing and continues to gain more and more in popularity. Earthwork contractors have begun to think about alternative and innovative ways to increase productivity by applying new ICT technologies. In this context they try e.g. to utilize sensors, software and information and communication tools to improve processes and to reduce workforce and total costs at the same time. However, as with many innovations, there exist companies that have not invested in these technologies yet. The objective of this paper is to investigate in technologies associated with Industry 4.0 and their potential future application-possibilities in the field of earthwork construction. Therefore, this paper conducted an in-depth literature review of relevant Industry 4.0 technology topics. Additionally, semi-structured interviews among German earthwork industry experts were conducted, which revealed several insights regarding benefits, challenges and barriers of managing relevant technologies.
Cross-Sectional Competences For 4.0-Mindsets In VET
Authors: Gebhardt Jonas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The present world of work and the private life world are constantly changing. This digital transformation is due to Megatrends, to manure in buzzwords like Industry 4.0, computerization or digitization. Although this developements are slowly becoming apparent, it seems to be clear that future work environments are also becoming more complex. In order to be able to act and shape competently, it is necessary to strengthen the cross-sectional competences of current and future workers and VET-students. This article is a plea for the didactic design and implementation of such cross-sectional competences in the educational practice: Netcompetence can be a sustainable construct for the holistic strengthening of VET students, skilled workers and the human being in a 4.0-world.
School Governance in the European Cultural Area
Authors: Duşe Dan-Maniu , Câmpean Ioan-Marius 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article brings forward aspects of governance in the school education systems and it starts from the idea of approaching the governance in a culture of active participation democracy in which the decisional process presents more steps, a reevaluation of governance influencing the thinking and the perception. The matrix of democratic principles interaction with the scholastic fields takes us to the conclusion of the inversion of the proportion between responsibility and assuming, restriction and freedom.
University’s digital transformation: A case study for providing e-services via Moodle
Authors: Chernogorova Yanita , Dimova Rozalina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The evolution of digitization reaches a new stage with a focus on the overall transformation, where the so called “Intelligent Environment” such as “Smart City”, “Smart Campus“ is in the heart. Today’s institutions, which have not yet started the transformation towards a Smart Campus, are capable to exploit untapped ICT resources that could potentially lead to the optimization of the processes and services. In order to verify that a new service can be offered with the available ICT resources, a method of finding a subset satisfying some condition is used. The paper reports approach where elements of the main set include own resources and their functionalities, while needed resources to provide a new service build the subset elements. This work presents examples of developed e-services by using the open source Learning Management System (LMS) Moodle. The study demonstrates that Moodle and advanced ICTs are just as so an alternative for improving personal management and information systems in the means of e-services offering. The paper analyzes the results and evaluate the benefits from the digital transformation point of view. The conclusion summarizes features of the applications will contribute the way university interacts with students and staff.
A Novel Design of the Pre-Processing Stage of Data Mining for Educational Purposes
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Grünwald Norbert , Zaščerinska Jeļena , Melnikova Julija 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
As data sets, in education too, change in size and structure, an appropriate design of the preprocessing stage of data mining for the implementation of data mining for educational purposes is becoming a hot research topic. The aim of the present research is to carry out interdisciplinary analysis of scientific literature on pre-processing in data mining and to design a pre-processing stage of data mining for educational purposes underpinning elaboration of a new research question. The present research employs both theoretical and empirical methods. Theoretical methods include analysis of scientific literature and theoretical modelling. The theoretical findings allow identifying sub-stages of the pre-processing stage for the implementation of data mining for educational purposes. The empirical study was carried out in 2018. The study was a case study The empirical results emphasize the main areas of analysis of teachers’ behaviour in an international project. The empirical study validates the model of the pre-processing stage of data mining for educational purposes. The practical application of the model allows drawing a conclusion that the model is valid. The novel contribution of this paper is the design of the sub-stages of the preprocessing stage for the implementation of data mining techniques for educational purposes.
Comparison of Entrepreneurial Attitudes – a Polish and Ukrainian Case Study
Authors: Małecka Joanna , Revtiuk Yevhen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The definition of entrepreneurship is interdisciplinary. Its attitude-describing component alone incorporates many areas, including, primarily, social sciences such as psychology and sociology, followed by economics and law, while taking into account local institutional and legislative environment. Its multi-faceted nature is, however, not only about attitudes but, above all, measurable behaviours, the effects of which can be illustrated in the form of measurable results and balance sheets of enterprises. One of its most important aspects is the fact of influencing the economic environment and economic conditions of countries. Hence, any research in the field of entrepreneurship of social groups, or even nations, should focus on diagnosing the forms of economic activity and describing those environmental elements which will enable certain alleviation of the barriers to development, or even their complete elimination, which, in turn, will contribute to the growth of entire socio-economic systems.
The article attempts to investigate the conditions that affect the willingness to carry on economic activity by analysing the entrepreneurial attitudes of Polish and Ukrainian citizens whose common denominators are: (1) having an engineering degree, (2) being professionally active, and (3) willingness to keep improving their qualifications.
Engineering Studies in Poland: Gender Pattern
Authors: Batóg Jacek , Batóg Barbara 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Modern economy requires knowledge and skills, which are acquired by future employees mostly in the fields of education including science and engineering. The increase in the number of graduates in this type of studies can be achieved in different ways, one of which is to create conditions and increase the propensity of women to obtain this type of education. The aim of the research presented in the article is to analyse long-term trends in the number of students and graduates in Poland, with particular emphasis on engineering faculties and the participation of women. Authors using dispersion and structural similarity measures and dynamic models showed that the total number of students and graduates and the number of students in engineering studies are characterised by different patterns. At the same time, in both cases a different structure of total students and engineers by gender was observed, as well as a growing share of women.
Gas-Particle Partitioning of Formaldehyde in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke
Authors: John Edward , Coburn Steven , Liu Chuan , McAughey John , Mariner Derek , McAdam Kevin G. , Bakos István , Dóbé Sandor 
Published: May 2020

Summary
A diffusion denuder apparatus has been used to investigate the gas-particle partitioning of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein and crotonaldehyde in cigarette mainstream smoke (MS), compounds that are of interest owing to their toxicity and near quantitative retention in the body during cigarette smoking. Formaldehyde showed the best performance in denuder experiments with simple aldehyde-air mixtures owing to the relatively fast rate of the heterogeneous reaction formaldehyde(g) + dinitrophenylhydrazine(s) → hydrazone(s). Analysis with the Gormley-Kennedy equation revealed that formaldehyde denuder removal approached, but did not attain, complete efficiency even under optimized operational conditions. Acetaldehyde, acrolein and crotonaldehyde were trapped with considerably lower efficiency than formaldehyde under the denuder conditions used, and more effective denuder wall coatings would be required to examine gas-particle partitioning of these other carbonyls. The proportion of formaldehyde in the smoke particulate phase initially entering the denuder was > 99%, but loss of formaldehyde from the smoke particles was relatively rapid leading to 35%–61% deposition over the denuder length. The temperature dependence of formaldehyde deposition in the denuder was well predicted using Henry's law constant for aqueous formaldehyde solutions. These observed properties of formaldehyde are primarily due to reversible reactions of formaldehyde with water in cigarette smoke leading to the much less volatile species methanediol, its oligomers and hydrate. These data suggest that cigarette smoke inhalation is likely to expose the deeper-lung generations of smokers to greater relative formaldehyde exposure, and greater genotoxic risk at those generations than might occur through inhalation of formaldehyde vapour alone.
Risk assessments of formaldehyde in cigarette smoke should be updated to recognise this modified risk profile.
Integration of Time and Spatially Resolved In-Situ Temperature and Pressure Measurements With Soft Ionisation Mass Spectrometry Inside Burning Superslim and King-Size Cigarettes
Authors: Deng Nan , Ehlert Sven , Cui Huapeng , Xie Fuwei , Heide Jan , Li Bin , Liu Chuan , McAdam Kevin , Walte Andreas , Zimmermann Ralf 
Published: May 2020

Summary

Background
Combustion as well as pyrolysis of tobacco greatly affect the type and levels of toxicants in cigarette smoke. We previously developed an approach to combine simultaneous temperature and pressure measurements with fast in-situ microprobe chemical sampling inside a burning cigarette, producing a series of temperature and gas-flow velocity maps that characterize this dynamic system in response to externally applied air flow.

Aim
Two cigarette types differing only in diameter were puffed under ISO 3308 and Health Canada Intense (HCI) regimes to further understand the dynamic interaction of air flow and cigarette design parameters on tobacco combustion and pyrolysis by applying the thermophysical and thermo-chemical mapping approach.

Methods
Three types of sampling probes were inserted, which are thermocouple arrays for gas-phase temperature, quartz tubes for pressure measurement, and a heated sampling microprobe coupled to a single-photon soft ionisation mass spectrometer for chemical analysis. Two kinds of similarly constructed cigarettes with the same blend were analysed: superslim (17 mm circumference) and king-size (24 mm circumference).
Synchronization among the sampled signals was achieved by mapping two probes (e.g., temperature/chemistry or temperature/pressure) at a time. The physical and chemical events were visualised and compared between the cigarettes and puffing regimes.

Results
A series of temperature, pressure, and chemical maps were obtained for the superslim and king-size cigarettes under ISO and HCI conditions. The pressure in the burning cigarette was higher in the superslim cigarette, and the temperature distribution differed between the two cigarette formats. As expected, temperatures and pressures were higher under HCI puffing than under ISO puffing for both cigarette formats. Thermochemical maps for e.g., benzene and nitric oxide formation were qualitatively similar between the superslim and king-size cigarettes. For other substances the distribution was markedly different.

Conclusion
The application of multi-probe in-situ chemical sampling is suitable to analyse highly dynamic combustion and pyrolysis processes occurring inside the two types of cigarettes. Ultimately, a direct comparison of cigarette circumferences on the complex combustion processes and formation of smoke constituents was achieved. [Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 29 (2020) 44–54]
Assessment of Technical Safety of Employees During the Operation of the Laser Cutter
Authors: Palega Michal 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The operation of various types of machinery and equipment constituting a material work environment exposes employees to many different hazards (especially mechanical hazards). According to the Polish law, the basic duty of both machine manufacturers and employers is to limit the level of these hazards and to provide employees with broadly understood safety. The article presents the basic issues related to the technical safety of laser cutter operators on the example of a selected industrial plant. Technical and organizational solutions used to reduce the level of risk associated with the use of the selected machine were assessed.
Education, Competences - Labor Market Analysis Against the Challenges of Industry 4.0 Economy
Authors: Wiśniewska-Salek Anna 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Building a strong economy depends on numerous factors: technological, political, geographical but also and above all social ones. Currently, the ongoing fourth industrial revolution is primarily based on digitization of all processes in the conducted activities. The acquisition and processing of vast amount of data generates information which is very complex and not always unambiguous. Industry 4.0 also assumes that employees will understand both technical needs and those not related to the production process. This means that the present education system (definitely the one related to technical science) should also be changed so that engineers acquire more managerial skills. The article presents the educational assumptions in the face of challenges posed by Industry 4.0 in the context of the current opportunities of the labor market and education in Poland and in Europe.
Analysis of Work-Related Injuries in Mining Industry in Serbia
Authors: Ivaz Jelena , Petrović Dejan , Nikolić Ružica R. , Djoković Jelena M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The mining industry in Serbia has an important place in the country's economic development. Bearing in mind that the number of injuries that occur in the mining industry is unacceptably high, occupational safety and health is a challenge that existing and future mines will have to deal with. Studying injuries in mining, it was noticed that injuries requiring an absence from work for more than three days (especially fatal ones) are diametrically different in relation to the cause and manner of events related to injuries for which an absence from work is not necessary. In this research, authors focused on injuries that were characterized as ones requiring an absence from work. The statistical analysis of work-related injuries in mining is presented, as well as analysis of the direct causes of injuries, which are described as unsafe conduct of employees, unsafe conduct of company's management and/or unsafe working environment. In relation to classification of causes of injuries, a recommendation on what needs to be changed in order to remedy this situation in Serbia is given.