bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spacelike deformations: higher-helicity fields from scalar fields
Authors: Morinelli Vincenzo , Rehren Karl-Henning 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn contrast to Hamiltonian perturbation theory which changes the time evolution, “spacelike deformations” proceed by changing the translations (momentum operators). The free Maxwell theory is only the first member of an infinite family of spacelike deformations of the complex massless Klein–Gordon quantum field into fields of higher helicity. A similar but simpler instance of spacelike deformation allows to increase the mass of scalar fields.
Human Rights, Legitimacy, Political Judgement
Authors: Hall Edward , Tsarapatsanis Dimitrios 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper grapples with Bernard Williams’sprima vistaenigmatic assertion that ‘[w]hether it is a matter of good philosophical sense to treat a practice as a violation of human rights, and whether it is politically good sense, cannot ultimately constitute two separate questions’. Though Williams’s approach to thinking about human rights has a number of affinities with other ‘political’ and ‘minimalist’ understandings, we highlight its distinctive features and argue that it has significant implications for our understanding of human rights along a number of key dimensions. We then proceed to explain how Williams’s way of thinking about human rights coheres with certain aspects of the reasoning of one of the most important international human rights courts, to wit, the European Court of Human Rights. This lends further plausibility to the view that a politically realistic understanding of human rights, of the kind urged by Williams, should be taken seriously, since it is a plausible candidate for the explanation of important aspects of human rights practices. We close by examining the suggestion that thinking in these terms is worryingly conservative.
Formal and informal financing decisions of small businesses
Authors: Nguyen Bach , Canh Nguyen Phuc 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study investigates small businesses’ financing decisions. Drawing upon asymmetric information theory, institutional theory and relevant literature on cognitive financial constraints, human capital and social capital, we propose a theoretical framework in which financing determinants come from three dimensions: entrepreneurs’ individual factors, organisational (firm-level) factors and contextual (institutional) factors. We employ this model to distinguish four types of firms: (1) firms that use no external finance, (2) firms that use informal finance only, (3) firms that use formal finance only and (4) firms that use both formal and informal finance. An empirical test on Vietnamese small businesses shows that factors from all three dimensions are important in understanding small businesses’ financing decisions.
Prunus trees in Germany—a hideout of unknown fungi?
Authors: Bien Steffen , Damm Ulrike 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPrunus belongs to the economically most important genera of fruit crops in Germany. Although wood pathogens possess the capability to damage the host substantially, the knowledge of the fungal pathogenic community and the mycobiome of Prunus wood in general is low. During a survey in important fruit production areas in Germany, branches with symptoms of fungal infection were sampled in Prunus avium, P. cerasus and P. domestica orchards, and 1018 fungal isolates were obtained primarily from the transition zone of symptomatic to non-symptomatic wood. By a combination of blastn searches and phylogenetic analyses based on ITS and LSU sequences with a strong focus on reliable reference data, a diversity of 172 fungal taxa belonging to Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mucoromycota were differentiated. The majority of the strains belonged to three classes of Ascomycota, namely Sordariomycetes, Leotiomycetes and Dothideomycetes. The dominant species were Aposphaeria corallinolutea (Dothideomycetes) and Pallidophorina paarla (Leotiomycetes) that were isolated more than a hundred times each, while all other taxa were isolated ≤ 30 times. Only part of them could be identified to species level. Because of the high plasticity of species boundaries, the identification certainty was divided into categories based on nucleotide differences to reference sequences. In total, 82 species were identified with high and 20 species with low (cf.) certainty. Moreover, about 70 species could not be assigned to a known species, which reveals Prunus wood to represent a habitat harbouring high numbers of potentially new species, even in a well-explored region like Germany.
Evaluation of sex differences in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction: an observational cohort study in Amsterdam and surrounding region
Authors: Kerkman T. , ten Brinke L. B. G. , Huybrechts B. , Adams R. , Amoroso G. , de Winter R. J. , Appelman Y. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Women with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) present with different symptoms compared to men. This can result in delays in diagnosis and in the timely treatment of women. The aim of this study is to examine these differences, including the short- and long-term mortality in women and men.

Methods
This quality registry study included all patients with STEMI who received primary percutaneous coronary intervention in 2015 or 2016 in Amsterdam and the surrounding region.

Results
Three PCI centres and the Emergency Medical Service in Amsterdam participated. In total, 558 men (71%) and 229 women (29%) were included. Women were on average 7 years older than men (68 vs 61 years, p < 0.001), and suffered more often from hypertension (46% vs 34%, p = 0.002) and monovascular disease (69% vs 57%, p = 0.002). A higher percentage of men were current smokers (41% vs 49%, p = 0.043). Patient delay, system delay and overall ischaemic times were similar in both women and men (medians: 51, 94 and 157 min, respectively). Initiation of treatment was achieved within 90 min after STEMI diagnosis in 85% of patients (87% in women, 85% in men). Thirty-day and 1‑year mortality adjusted hazard ratio for women versus men was 1.60 (95% CI 0.9–3.0) and 1.24 (95% CI 0.8–2.0), respectively.

Discussion
Recognition of cardiac complaints remains challenging for patients. In the Amsterdam region, time delays and mortality were not significantly different between men and women presenting with STEMI. These results are in contrast to findings in similar registries. This suggests that implementation of current knowledge and national campaigns are effective in increasing awareness of the signs and symptoms suggestive of myocardial infarction.
Sea-ice production and air/ice/ocean/biogeochemistry interactions in the Ross Sea during the PIPERS 2017 autumn field campaign
Authors: Ackley S. F. , Stammerjohn S. , Maksym T. , Smith M. , Cassano J. , Guest P. , Tison J.-L. , Delille B. , Loose B. , Sedwick P. , DePace L. , Roach L. , Parno J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Ross Sea is known for showing the greatest sea-ice increase, as observed globally, particularly from 1979 to 2015. However, corresponding changes in sea-ice thickness and production in the Ross Sea are not known, nor how these changes have impacted water masses, carbon fluxes, biogeochemical processes and availability of micronutrients. The PIPERS project sought to address these questions during an autumn ship campaign in 2017 and two spring airborne campaigns in 2016 and 2017. PIPERS used a multidisciplinary approach of manned and autonomous platforms to study the coupled air/ice/ocean/biogeochemical interactions during autumn and related those to spring conditions. Unexpectedly, the Ross Sea experienced record low sea ice in spring 2016 and autumn 2017. The delayed ice advance in 2017 contributed to (1) increased ice production and export in coastal polynyas, (2) thinner snow and ice cover in the central pack, (3) lower sea-ice Chl-aburdens and differences in sympagic communities, (4) sustained ocean heat flux delaying ice thickening and (5) a melting, anomalously southward ice edge persisting into winter. Despite these impacts, airborne observations in spring 2017 suggest that winter ice production over the continental shelf was likely not anomalous.
DISTORTION RISKMETRICS ON GENERAL SPACES
Authors: Wang Qiuqi , Wang Ruodu , Wei Yunran 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe class of distortion riskmetrics is defined through signed Choquet integrals, and it includes many classic risk measures, deviation measures, and other functionals in the literature of finance and actuarial science. We obtain characterization, finiteness, convexity, and continuity results on general model spaces, extending various results in the existing literature on distortion risk measures and signed Choquet integrals. This paper offers a comprehensive toolkit of theoretical results on distortion riskmetrics which are ready for use in applications.
Relations between Emotional Expressivity Dimensions and DSM-5 Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Clusters in a Trauma-Exposed Community Sample
Authors: Jin Ling , Dolan Megan , Contractor Ateka A. , Weiss Nicole H. , Dranger Paula 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and Objective. A growing body of literature indicates a significant contribution and role of positive and negative emotions (specifically expressivity) in post-traumatic stress disorder's (PTSD) symptomatology. The current study examined the facet-level relationships between emotional expressivity and PTSD. Specifically, we investigated which emotional expressivity dimension (impulse strength, negative emotional expressivity, and positive emotional expressivity) most strongly related to DSM-5 PTSD symptom clusters severity (intrusions, avoidance, negative alterations in cognition and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity).Methods. The sample of 123 trauma-exposed participants seeking mental health treatment completed the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and the Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire (BEQ).Results. Results of multivariate multiple regression analysis indicated that only intensity of emotion and difficulty in controlling such emotions (i.e., impulse strength) was strongly related to all four PTSD symptom clusters. The valence of emotional expressivity (positive or negative) was not related to any of the PTSD symptom clusters.Conclusions. Study findings highlight the role of emotional expressivity, specifically impulse strength, in PTSD's symptomatology and may inform guidelines for emotion-focused clinical work for trauma-exposed individuals with PTSD symptoms.
Substance Use and Involvement in Situations of Violence: A Typological Study of a Brazilian Population-Based Sample
Authors: Komatsu André Vilela , Costa Rafaelle Carolynne Santos , Galinari Lais Sette , Carpio de la Torre Renato , Bazon Marina Rezende 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSubstance use in adolescence relates to other problems such as involvement in violence and mental/physical health problems. This study aimed to identify substance use patterns in a considerable sample of Brazilian adolescents and to estimate the magnitude of the relationship between each pattern and violence involvement indicators, as aggressor and/or as victim, and of mental and general health. The data analyzed were collected from 6702 schoolchildren, within the scope of the National Survey of School Health, employing latent class analysis for reports of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and crack cocaine use. The five groups identified were compared regarding their involvement in violence and mental and general health aspects.Abstainers(18%) would neither make use of substances, nor be involved in violence or display health problems.Drinkers(26%) would tend to only make use of alcohol, but would not display the other problems either.Conventional Drug Users(28%) would tend to make use of alcohol and tobacco or alcohol and marijuana and would also be involved in violence, but would not display health problems.Polysubstance Users(23%) would tend to make use of alcohol, tobacco and marijuana and would be more frequently involved in violence.Hard Drug Users(5%) would tend to make frequent use of all substances in addition to also being more involved in violence, both as aggressor and victim, and would display mental/general health problems. Our findings reveal different levels of problems and reinforce the importance of varied prevention/treatment policies in order to meet specific demands.
The role of technology in governance: The example of Privacy Enhancing Technologies
Authors: McCarthy Natasha , Fourniol Franck 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe collection of data, its analysis, and the publication of insights from data promise a range of benefits, but can carry risks for individuals and organizations. This paper sets out considerations regarding the potential role for technologies in governance of data use, and some key limitations. The paper examines the potential of Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) to support organizations and institutions that handle data in governing data use, and considers their role based on their current state of development and the trajectory of technological development. This involves consideration both of how these technologies can potentially enable governments and others to unlock the value of data, and also recognition of both contingent and in principle limitations on the role of PETs in ensuring well-governed use of data.
FRAMEWORK OF AN AMBIDEXTROUS PROCESS OF IDEA MANAGEMENT SUPPORTING THE DOWNSTREAM PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
Authors: Herrmann T. , Roth D. , Binz H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOne challenge within idea management of the front end of the design process is the handling of radical ideas, meaning ideas with a high degree of novelty. Companies are approaching radical and incremental ideas frequently with the same methods, although many reasoned claims exists for treating ideas differently according to the degree of novelty. The paper aims to address the fact that ambidexterity does not play any specific role in the front end. Therefore, a framework of an extended idea process model based on the idea of ambidexterity is shown and initial test results are presented.
AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLES FOR URBAN MOBILITY ON DEMAND APPLICATIONS – ECOSYSTEM DEPENDENT REQUIREMENT ELICITATION
Authors: Grahle A. , Song Y.-W. , Brüske K. , Bender B. , Göhlich D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFuture transport will change drastically with the introduction of automated vehicles. Here, Autonomous Mobility on Demand (AMoD) will play a major role, requiring a radical change of vehicle design, with many different conceivable concepts. This technology shift holds high potentials and high risks. Uncertainties about future usage profiles, operator and customer requirements have to be dealt with. An approach to elicit initial requirements for future vehicle concepts considering the entire ecosystem is introduced. The applicability is shown for a specific urban mobility scenario.
CONTEXT-SPECIFIC AGILE PROCESS DESIGN TO SUPPORT THE PLANNING OF PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
Authors: Baschin J. , Huth T. , Vietor T. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractModern products are often developed in local distributed teams involving various engineering domains. As a result, product development processes are characterized by a high degree of complexity and individuality. However, the project context is often not integrated into the project planning, which can lead to uncertainties in the processes. In addition, reflection does not take place adequately in process execution. Therefore, this paper presents a concept for agile process design that enables reducing uncertainties based on context-specific reflections and adapting the processes.
A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF PRODUCT-SERVICE SYSTEMS DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY TRANSITIONS
Authors: Mitake Y. , Hiramitsu K. , Nagayama A. , Muraoka N. , Sholihah M. , Shimomura Y. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractProduct-service systems (PSSs) are regarded as one of the promising ways to contribute to a sustainable society. Despite the well-developed knowledge, PSS design lack of long-term perspective to treat related changes and uncertainties. To address this issue, this paper proposes a conceptual framework of sustainable PSS design for sustainability transition by integrating insight from design approach for system innovation and transition. Applicability of the proposed framework is illustrated through application to example of PSS development project for wildlife nuisance in a suburban city.
TOWARD A COMPREHENSIVE DEFINITION OF THE NON-USER
Authors: Augustin L. , Kokoschko B. , Wiesner M. , Schabacker M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe user has been very well defined over the last decades. With human-centered design becoming more widely applied within various industries, the user's needs are being taken into account more than ever. What is often overlooked is the user's counterpart: the non-user. Integrating the non-user into modern development projects provides great additional value. This paper is compiling current definitions in order to analyse them within the context of product development and to make a contribution toward a comprehensive definition of the non-user that can be applied to various disciplines.
MAPPING IMPACT OF DESIGN THINKING IN TEAMWORK, PROBLEM-SOLVING AND CREATIVITY
Authors: Guaman-Quintanilla S. , Chiluiza K. , Everaert P. , Valcke M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present study analyzes the impact of a Design Thinking course on undergraduate students during an academic term. The impact was measured on three key outcomes: teamwork, problem-solving and creativity; using VALUE rubrics. The evaluation was carried out at three different moments during the course. Three types of evaluators participated: facilitators, students (self-evaluation) and peers. The results show statistically significant improvement on the three outcomes comparing students’ initial and final performance. Despite the promising results, the current study has some limitations.
A DESIGN SUPPORT TOOL FOR IMPROVING MAINTENANCE SCHEDULING PROCESS
Authors: Khalid W. , Soleymani I. , Sigsgaard K. V. , Hansen K. B. , Agergaard J. K. , Mortensen N. H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe challenge of user requirements for maintenance scheduling design in large asset-intensive industries suffers from lack of academic and empirical studies. Therefore, using a representative case study, this paper aims to: (1) identify the current practices and complex scheduling requirements; (2) propose a design support tool to optimize the maintenance scheduling process; and (3) report the gained benefits. The results reveal that the proposed tool can decrease the resource requirements, increase the capacity utilization, and reduce the cost while addressing the complex user requirements.
DESIGN-FOR-COST-AND-ENVIRONMENT: ONTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF SERVICE REPRESENTATION APPROACHES
Authors: Villanueva M. , Yannou B. , Leroy Y. , Cluzel F. , Vautier M. , Vaija S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBrought by the need for competent approaches to assess the financial cost and environmental impact towards service design-for-cost-and-environment, this paper investigates on the following service representation approaches: Service Blueprinting, Process Chain Network, Business Process Model & Notation, and Customer Journey Mapping. An ontological analysis further compares their similarities and differences. Lastly, a table summarizes the findings, were further insights could be drawn to help service companies be more aware of both their spending and ecological responsibility.
TOWARDS A FRAMEWORK FOR INTEGRATED AND COLLABORATIVE KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN – A CASE STUDY
Authors: Fatfouta N. , Stal-Le Cardinal J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn automotive industry, the design process is costly and time-consuming. Car safety is a crucial factor in the development of a vehicle, which is why crash simulation is an essential step in the design process. To improve car crash simulation analysis, it is necessary to reduce the time required and support the resolution of encountered design issues. We propose a knowledge management approach to support car crash simulation analysis and ensure the collaboration of different stakeholders. In a knowledge-intensive context, we used an ontology-based approach to formalise and capture knowledge.
VALUE SENSITIVE DESIGN IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRIVERLESS VEHICLES: A CASE STUDY ON AN AUTONOMOUS FAMILY VEHICLE
Authors: Graubohm R. , Schräder T. , Maurer M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractComplex new functionalities and dissimilar stakeholder groups pose challenges to the requirement analysis for driverless vehicles. To overcome these challenges, we propose a value-oriented reference process for innovative functionalities of an autonomous family vehicle. The value-oriented measures are taken from the approach of Value Sensitive Design. In our application, we have found that the consideration of the human values involved is of great importance for the identification of stakeholders and the management of their potentially conflicting interests throughout the development process.
FINDING THE LAND, PLANTING FIRST SEEDS; LEAD USER RESEARCH IN EARLY STAGE DESIGN FOR INTELLIGENT ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: Pannunzio V. , Kleinsmann M. , Duarte C. , Snelders D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis contribution explores the potential of lead user research for early-stage designing for intelligent ecosystems through a literature review and a single case study concerning a lead user research initiative on blood pressure monitoring. The results suggest advantages of executing lead user research in early-stage designing for intelligent ecosystems from the points of view envisioning broad initial ecosystem boundaries, developing first intelligence components, and overcoming research challenges related to technical issues.
THE EFFECT OF TIME PRESSURE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF DEXTEROUS OPERATIONS
Authors: Pooripanyakun M. , Wodehouse A. , Mehnen J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study explores the effects of time pressure in dexterous operations on two types of interface: the fixed interface and the moving interface. Results show that the accuracy of finger movement is decreased, the information processing on the sense of sequence, position and direction is worsened by the psychological disturbance. The findings indicate that a fixed interface is more robust to performance and participants can learn and perform tasks quicker than a moving interface. Finally, the researchers give some practices on both fixed and moving interface design.
MANAGING MARGINS: OVERDESIGN IN HOSPITAL BUILDING SERVICES
Authors: Jones D. A. , Eckert C. , Garthwaite P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe capacity of building services in many hospitals exceeds the requirements by significant amounts. Oversizing of building services has a direct impact on building efficiency and operational costs, ultimately impacting upon patient care, by diverting much needed funding. A key factor leading to the oversizing is the excessive and uncoordinated application of design margins across various project stages. Based on a hospital case study, this paper analyses the reasons for the overdesign of a replacement cooling system and raises the importance of managing margins activity to avoid overdesign.
INVESTIGATING INTER-RATER RELIABILITY OF QUALITATIVE TEXT ANNOTATIONS IN MACHINE LEARNING DATASETS
Authors: El Dehaibi N. , MacDonald E. F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn important step when designers use machine learning models is annotating user generated content. In this study we investigate inter-rater reliability measures of qualitative annotations for supervised learning. We work with previously annotated product reviews from Amazon where phrases related to sustainability are highlighted. We measure inter-rater reliability of the annotations using four variations of Krippendorff's U-alpha. Based on the results we propose suggestions to designers on measuring reliability of qualitative annotations for machine learning datasets.