bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation einer Basisschulung für Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis
Authors: Gerlich C. , Andreica I. , Küffner R. , Krause D. , Lakomek H. J. , Reusch A. , Braun J. 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ein neues Rahmenkonzept hat die flexible Ableitung und Nutzung von rheumatologischen Schulungsprogrammen für unterschiedliche Versorgungsbereiche ermöglicht. Auf dieser Grundlage wurde eine 5‑stündige Basisschulung für Patienten mit rheumatoider Arthritis (RA) entwickelt, es wurden rheumatologische Fachärzte und Psychologen trainiert, und dann wurde die Wirksamkeit nach dem Wirkmodell der Patientenschulung evaluiert.

Methoden
Mit dem Studiendesign einer extern randomisierten Wartekontrollgruppenstudie mit 3 Messzeitpunkten wurde geprüft, wie sich die 5‑stündige Basisschulung auf das Erkrankungs- und Behandlungswissen sowie auf die Gesundheitskompetenz von RA-Patienten (n = 249) auswirkt. Weitere Fragen betrafen Einstellungsparameter, Kommunikationskompetenz, Erkrankungsauswirkungen und die Zufriedenheit mit der Schulung. Die Auswertungen erfolgten auf Intention-to-treat-Basis mit Kovarianzanalysen für die Hauptzielgrößen unter Berücksichtigung des Ausgangswertes.

Ergebnisse
Die Analysen zeigen, dass die Basisschulung RA wirksam ist. Noch 3 Monate nach der Schulung verfügten die Schulungsteilnehmer über mehr Wissen und Gesundheitskompetenz als die Wartekontrollgruppe mit kleinem bis mittelgroßem Effekt (d = 0,37 bzw. 0,38). In den Nebenzielgrößen zeigten sich mit Ausnahme der Krankheitskommunikation keine weiteren Schulungseffekte.

Diskussion
Die Basisschulung bietet eine gute Grundlage, auf der weitere Interventionen zur Verbesserung von Einstellungs- und Erkrankungsparametern aufbauen können. Sie eignet sich damit als zentraler Baustein für die rheumatologische Versorgung auf verschiedenen Ebenen.
Autonomic failure in Parkinson’s disease is associated with striatal dopamine deficiencies
Authors: van Deursen Dagmar N. , van den Heuvel Odile A. , Booij Jan , Berendse Henk W. , Vriend Chris 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAutonomic dysfunction is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Dopamine and serotonin are known to play a role in autonomic regulation, and, therefore, PD-related degeneration of serotonergic and dopaminergic neurons in these regions may be associated with autonomic dysfunction. We sought to clarify the association between extrastriatal serotonergic and striatal dopaminergic degeneration and the severity of autonomic symptoms, including gastrointestinal, pupillomotor, thermoregulatory, cardiovascular, and urinary dysfunction. We performed hierarchical multiple regression analyses to determine the relationships between (extra)striatal serotonergic and dopaminergic degeneration and autonomic dysfunction in 310 patients with PD. We used [123I]FP-CIT SPECT binding to presynaptic serotonin (SERT) and dopamine (DAT) transporters as a measure of the integrity of these neurotransmitter systems, and the SCOPA-AUT (Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s Disease—Autonomic) questionnaire to evaluate the perceived severity of autonomic dysfunction. Motor symptom severity, medication status, and sex were added to the model as covariates. Additional analyses were also performed using five subdomains of the SCOPA-AUT: cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary, thermoregulatory, and pupillomotor symptoms. We found that autonomic symptoms were most significantly related to lower [123I]FP-CIT binding ratios in the right caudate nucleus and were mainly driven by gastrointestinal and cardiovascular dysfunction. These results provide a first look into the modest role of dopaminergic projections towards the caudate nucleus in the pathophysiology of autonomic dysfunction in PD, but the underlying mechanism warrants further investigation.
Sex-dependent changes in the louse abundance of red-footed falcons (Falco vespertinus)
Authors: Piross Imre Sándor , Solt Szablocs , Horváth Éva , Kotymán László , Palatitz Péter , Bertók Péter , Szabó Krisztián , Vili Nóra , Vas Zoltán , Rózsa Lajos , Harnos Andrea , Fehérvári Péter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPermanent ectoparasites live in stable environments; thus, their population dynamics are mostly adapted to changes in the host life cycle. We aimed to investigate how static and dynamic traits of red-footed falcons interplay with the dynamics of their louse subpopulations during breeding and how they affect the colonisation of new hosts by lice. We sampled red-footed falcon (Falco vespertinus) nestlings (two breeding seasons) and adults (one breeding season) in southern Hungary. The mean abundance of Colpocephalum subzerafae and Degeeriella rufa lice on the nestlings was modelled with generalized linear mixed models using clutch size and host sex in interaction with wing length. For adults, we used wing length and the number of days after laying the first egg, both in interaction with sex. D. rufa abundances increased with the nestlings’ wing length. In one year, this trend was steeper on females. In adult birds, both louse species exhibited higher abundances on females at the beginning, but it decreased subsequently through the breeding season. Contrarily, abundances were constantly low on adult males. Apparently, D. rufa postpones transmission until nestlings develop juvenile plumage and choose the more feathered individual among siblings. The sexual difference in the observed abundance could either be caused by the different plumage, or by the females’ preference for less parasitized males. Moreover, females likely have more time to preen during the incubation period, lowering their louse burdens. Thus, sex-biased infestation levels likely arise due to parasite preferences in the nestlings and host behavioural processes in the adult falcons.
3D model of a commercial 9V alkaline battery for EMC simulation
Authors: Hackl Herbert , Ibel Martin , Auinger Bernhard , List Dominik , Stockreiter Christian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe modeling of batteries for simulation is nowadays of increasing importance because their behavior and performance has significant influence on the operation of many modern systems, such as electric vehicles (EV), mobile devices, energy storage and many more. But batteries also play an important role in daily electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing and measurement tasks, namely if they are used for powering devices under test (DUT) or measurement equipment. In this paper, we demonstrate the impact of a commercial 9V block battery on the result of a bulk current injection (BCI) test when used to supply optical voltage probes attached to the DUT. To illustrate the battery’s impact by simulation, a 3D model of selfsame is developed based on its actual internal structure and applying state-of-the-art approaches for battery modeling and commercial 3D EM simulation software. The model is validated by comparison of measurement and simulation of DUT voltages and input current during an actual BCI test.
Evolutionary algorithms and their applications to engineering problems
Authors: Slowik Adam , Kwasnicka Halina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe main focus of this paper is on the family of evolutionary algorithms and their real-life applications. We present the following algorithms: genetic algorithms, genetic programming, differential evolution, evolution strategies, and evolutionary programming. Each technique is presented in the pseudo-code form, which can be used for its easy implementation in any programming language. We present the main properties of each algorithm described in this paper. We also show many state-of-the-art practical applications and modifications of the early evolutionary methods. The open research issues are indicated for the family of evolutionary algorithms.
The evolution of spring fen ecotypes in Rhinanthus: genetic evidence for parallel origins in Scandinavia after the last ice age
Authors: Jonstrup Anneli , Hedrén Mikael , Oja Tatjana , Talve Tiina , Andersson Stefan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLocally adapted ecotypes can constitute an important part of the biodiversity, especially in young floras with few endemic species. However, the origins, distinctness and conservation value of many ecotypes remain uncertain because genetic data are lacking or no common-garden study has been carried out. In the present study, we evaluated the distinctness and genetic structure of a phenotypically deviating morph ofRhinanthus angustifolius, growing in calcareous spring fens on the Baltic island of Gotland. Using data from a common-garden experiment and analyses of nuclear microsatellite variation, we compared fen populations on Gotland with conspecific populations from habitats more typical of the study species. We also included the fen specialistR. osiliensisfrom the Baltic island of Saaremaa in the molecular analyses to make further inferences about the origin of the Gotlandic fen morph. Our data indicate that the Gotlandic fen populations constitute a phenotypically and genetically distinct ecotype that most likely has evolved at least two times on Gotland after the last ice age. In congruence with previous studies, we also infer that fen ecotypes have evolved independently on Gotland and Saaremaa. We propose a varietal status for the Gotlandic fen ecotype and give recommendations for the conservation of this taxon.
Effect of Mesh Quality on Flux Reconstruction in Multi-dimensions
Authors: Trojak Will , Watson Rob , Scillitoe Ashley , Tucker Paul G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTheoretical methods are developed to understand the effect of non-uniform grids on Flux Reconstruction (FR) in multi-dimensions. A better theoretical understanding of the effect of wave angle and grid deformation is established. FR is shown to have a smaller variation in properties than some finite difference counterparts. Subsequent numerical experiments on the Taylor–Green Vortex with jittered elements show the effect of localised regions of expansion and contraction. The effect this had on Nodal DG-like schemes was to increase the dissipation, whereas for more typical FR schemes the effect was to increase the dispersion. Some comparison is made between second-order FR and a second-order finite volume (FV) scheme. FR is found to be more resilient to mesh deformation, however, FV is found to be more resolved when operated at second order on the same mesh.
Graph-Representation of Patient Data: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Schrodt Jens , Dudchenko Aleksei , Knaup-Gregori Petra , Ganzinger Matthias 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGraph theory is a well-established theory with many methods used in mathematics to study graph structures. In the field of medicine, electronic health records (EHR) are commonly used to store and analyze patient data. Consequently, it seems straight-forward to perform research on modeling EHR data as graphs. This systematic literature review aims to investigate the frontiers of the current research in the field of graphs representing and processing patient data. We want to show, which areas of research in this context need further investigation. The databases MEDLINE, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore and ACM digital library were queried by using the search terms health record, graph and related terms. Based on the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis” (PRISMA) statement guidelines the articles were screened and evaluated using full-text analysis. Eleven out of 383 articles found in systematic literature review were finally included for analysis in this literature review. Most of them use graphs to represent temporal relations, often representing the connection among laboratory data points. Only two papers report that the graph data were further processed by comparing the patient graphs using similarity measurements. Graphs representing individual patients are hardly used in research context, only eleven papers considered such kind of graphs in their investigations. The potential of graph theoretical algorithms, which are already well established, could help increasing this research field, but currently there are too few papers to estimate how this area of research will develop. Altogether, the use of such patient graphs could be a promising technique to develop decision support systems for diagnosis, medication or therapy of patients using similarity measurements or different kinds of analysis.
Exponential Moments for Planar Tessellations
Authors: Jahnel Benedikt , Tóbiás András 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper we show existence of all exponential moments for the total edge length in a unit disk for a family of planar tessellations based on stationary point processes. Apart from classical tessellations such as the Poisson–Voronoi, Poisson–Delaunay and Poisson line tessellation, we also treat the Johnson–Mehl tessellation, Manhattan grids, nested versions and Palm versions. As part of our proofs, for some planar tessellations, we also derive existence of exponential moments for the number of cells and the number of edges intersecting the unit disk.
Proudman resonance with tides, bathymetry and variable atmospheric forcings
Authors: Williams David A. , Horsburgh Kevin J. , Schultz David M. , Hughes Chris W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractProudman resonance is a primary amplification mechanism for meteotsunamis, which are shallow-water waves generated by atmospheric forcings. The effect of tides, sloping bathymetry and the speed, amplitude and aspect ratio of the atmospheric forcing on Proudman resonant wave growth are investigated using analytical approximations and numerical models. With tides included, maximum wave growth through Proudman resonance occurred when the atmospheric-forcing speed matched the tidal-wave speed. Growth greater than Proudman resonance occurred with a positive tidal elevation together with a tidal current in the opposite direction to wave propagation, due to linear growth combined with further amplification from wave-flux conservation. Near-Proudman resonant growth occurred when the forced-wave speed or free-wave speed varied by either a small amount, or varied rapidly, around a speed appropriate for Proudman resonance. For a forcing moving at Proudman resonant speed, resultant wave growth was proportional to the total, time-integrated forcing amplitude. Finally, Proudman resonant wave growth was lower for forcings with lower aspect ratios (AP), partly because forced-wave heights are proportional to 1 + A
P
2
, but also because free waves could spread in two dimensions. Whilst the assumptions of strict Proudman resonance are never met, near-Proudman resonant growth may occur over hundreds of kilometres if the effective Froude number is near 1 and the resultant wave propagates predominantly in one dimension.
Crohn’s and Parkinson’s Disease-Associated LRRK2 Mutations Alter Type II Interferon Responses in Human CD14+ Blood Monocytes Ex Vivo
Authors: Ikezu Tsuneya , Koro Lacin , Wolozin Benjamin , Farraye Francis A. , Strongosky Audrey J. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) is one of causative genes of familial Parkinson’s disease (PD). The M2397T polymorphism inLRRK2is genetically associated with sporadic Crohn’s disease (CD). LRRK2 is expressed in human CD14+monocytes, induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and suppresses inflammatory activation. We hypothesize that IFN-γ-induced LRRK2 and inflammatory gene expression is altered byLRRK2genetic polymorphism found in CD and PD cases. A total of 46 CD and 51 control cases, and 16 PD cases and 16 PD-linkedLRRK2mutation cases were recruited. Live human CD14+monocytes were isolated from donors for ex vivo IFN-γ stimulation and gene expression analysis. IFN-γ potently enhancedTNFA, IL12, HLADRA1 and LRRK2expression, which was suppressed by FK506, a calcineurin-specific inhibitor, but further enhanced by LRRK2-specific kinase inhibitor (GSK2578215A). The 2397-M/M CD risk allele enhanced IFN-γ responses of CD14+cells in CD but not in control group. CD14+monocytes from G2019S and R1441CLRRK2mutated PD cases and carriers show no changes in IFN-γ responses forTNFAorIL12, reduced response forHLADRA1,and enhanced responses forLRRK2in FK506-sensitive manner. These data demonstrate that CD-associatedLRRK2mutations are significant modifiers of innate immune response in CD14+monocytes, and PD-associatedLRRK2mutation may contribute to reduced antigen presentation response.
Stabilization of the ζ-Cu10Sn3 Phase by Ni at Soldering-Relevant Temperatures
Authors: Wieser C. , Hügel W. , Martin S. , Freudenberger J. , Leineweber A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA current issue in electrical engineering is the enhancement of the quality of solder joints. This is mainly associated with the ongoing electrification of transportation as well as the miniaturization of (power) electronics. For the reliability of solder joints, intermetallic phases in the microstructure of the solder are of great importance. The formation of the intermetallic phases in the Cu-Sn solder system was investigated for different annealing temperatures between 472 K and 623 K using pure Cu as well as Cu-1at.%Ni and Cu-3at.%Ni substrate materials. These are relevant for lead frame materials in electronic components. The Cu and Cu-Ni alloys were in contact to galvanic plated Sn. This work is focused on the unexpected formation of the hexagonal ζ-(Cu,Ni)10Sn3phase at annealing temperatures of 523–623 K, which is far below the eutectoid decomposition temperature of binary ζ-Cu10Sn3of about 855 K. By using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electron backscatter diffraction and X-ray diffraction the presence of the ζ phase was confirmed and its structural properties were analyzed.
Anglican Cathedrals in a Secular Society: David Martin and the Sociology of English Religion
Authors: Percy Martyn 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOne of the puzzles in our secular age is the resurgence in attendance at English Cathedrals. Whilst it is commonplace for sociologists and media - and sometimes church leaders - to draw attention to burgeoning membership in evangelical and charismatic churches, the Cathedrals of the Church of England represent a different kind of growth. A considerable number of attendees come to cathedral worship and significant commemorative events (e.g., Christmas, Remembrance) because the very particular ecclesial ecology of a cathedral does not normally require membership, intense fellowship or frequency in attendance. Cathedrals, therefore, are now more prominent exponents of 'low-threshold-high-reward' patterns of worship, and point to a form of ecclesial polity that was once much more common in English Anglicanism. Namely, the church serving its community as a support-based institution rather than as a member-based organisation. The sensibility of cathedral worship may now chime more deeply with those latent patterns of spirituality that remain textured and strong within the weave contemporary culture, embodying spiritual-spatial inclusion. To understand the resilience of cathedrals, and their relative growth in attendees, requires developed ecologies of English church-going that comprehend the value of the church continuing to hold its vocation as the social skin of a city, region and the nation, and a patterning of polity that continually renews the values underpinning civic society.
Lesion Size- and Location-Dependent Recruitment of Contralesional Thalamus and Motor Cortex Facilitates Recovery after Stroke in Mice
Authors: Aswendt Markus , Pallast Niklas , Wieters Frederique , Baues Mayan , Hoehn Mathias , Fink Gereon R 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBrain lesions caused by cerebral ischemia or hemorrhage lead to a local breakdown of energy homeostasis followed by irreversible cell death and long-term impairment. Importantly, local brain lesions also generate remote functional and structural disturbances, which contribute to the behavioral deficit but also impact the recovery of function. While spontaneous recovery has been associated with endogenous repair mechanisms at the vascular, neural, and immune cell levels, the impact of structural plasticity on sensory-motor dysfunction and recovery thereof remains to be elucidated by longitudinal imaging in a mouse model. Here, we applied behavioral assessments, in vivo fiber tracking, and histological validation in a photothrombotic stroke mouse model. Atlas-based whole-brain structural connectivity analysis and ex vivo histology revealed secondary neurodegeneration in the ipsilesional brain areas, mostly in the dorsal sensorimotor area of the thalamus. Furthermore, we describe for the first time a lesion size-dependent increase in structural connectivity between the contralesional primary motor cortex and thalamus with the ipsilesional cortex. The involvement of the contralesional hemisphere was associated with improved functional recovery relative to lesion size. This study highlights the importance of in vivo fiber tracking and the role of the contralesional hemisphere during spontaneous functional improvement as a potential novel stroke biomarker and therapeutic targets.
Challenges in nanomedicine clinical translation
Authors: Metselaar Josbert M. , Lammers Twan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNew nanomedicine formulations and novel applications of nanomedicinal drugs are reported on an almost daily basis. While academic progress and societal promise continue to shoot for the stars, industrial acceptance and clinical translation are being looked at increasingly critically. We here discuss five key challenges that need to be considered when aiming to promote the clinical translation of nanomedicines. We take the perspective of the end-stage users and consequently address the developmental path in a top-down manner. We start off by addressing central and more general issues related to practical and clinical feasibility, followed by more specific preclinical, clinical, and pharmaceutical aspects that nanomedicinal product development entails. We believe that being more aware of the end user’s perspective already early on in the nanomedicine development path will help to better oversee the efforts and investments needed, and to take optimally informed decisions with regard to market opportunities, target disease indication, clinical trial design, therapeutic endpoints, preclinical models, and formulation specifications. Critical reflections on and careful route planning in nanomedicine translation will help to promote the success of nanomedicinal drugs.