bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zum Mindestverdübelungsgrad von Verbundträgern
Authors: Bärtschi Roland , Fontana Mario , Taras Andreas , Tobler Roman 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDie Verbundbauweise ermöglicht sichere, wirtschaftliche und ökologische Tragwerke. Der Einsatz von Verbundträgern im Verkehrslastverbund erlaubt besonders schnellen Baufortschritt. Für solche Anwendungen kommen im Hochbau meist Verbundträger im Teilverbund zur Anwendung. Im Teilverbund begrenzt die Verbundfuge den Biegewiderstand des Verbundträgers. Nebst den Festigkeitsanforderungen an die Verbundfuge begrenzt auch der Mindestverdübelungsgrad die dabei mögliche Einsparung an Verbundmitteln. Die bisherige Regelung in Eurocode 4 zur Ermittlung des Mindestverdübelungsgrads wird in der Fachliteratur als sicher, aber in vielen Fällen stark unwirtschaftlich beurteilt. In diesem Aufsatz wird die verformungsbasierte Endschlupfmethode als ergänzendes Verfahren zur sicheren und wirtschaftlichen Ermittlung des Mindestverdübelungsgrads vorgestellt. Die Endschlupfmethode stellt ein auf zuverlässigen physikalischen Modellen basierendes Verfahren dar, welches den Einsatz eines weiten Spektrums von Verbundmitteln im für das jeweilige System optimalen Bereich ermöglicht. Für Forschungs‐ und Entwicklungsschritte, welche eine weiter optimierte Anwendung der Endschlupfmethode ermöglichen, werden zudem Vorschläge formuliert.
Metformin scavenges formaldehyde and attenuates formaldehyde‐induced bovine serum albumin crosslinking and cellular DNA damage
Authors: Mai Xinglian , Zhou Fuyang , Lin Peibin , Lin Shuyun , Gao Jun , Ma Yuhua , Fan Rongrong , Ting Weijen , Huang Chihyang , Yin Dazhong , Kang Zhanfang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFormaldehyde (FA) can be produced in the environment and by cell metabolism and has been classified as a carcinogen in animals and humans. Metformin is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Metformin also has potential benefit in cancer prevention and treatment. The aim of this study was to determine whether metformin can directly react with FA and attenuate its toxicity in vitro. Metformin was incubated at pH 7.4 and 37°C in the presence of FA, and the reaction mixture was analyzed by UV spectrophotometry, high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and mass spectrometry. Fluorescence spectrophotometry, immunofluorescence, and western blot were used to measure FA‐induced bovine serum albumin (BSA) crosslinking and DNA damage in HepG2 cells treated with or without metformin. According to the HPLC and mass spectrometry data, we speculate that the reaction of metformin with FA (1:1) initially results in the formation of a conjugated intermediate followed by the subsequent generation of a stable six‐membered ring structure. Correspondingly, metformin attenuated FA‐induced fluorescence in BSA as well as the aggregation of γH2AX in HepG2 cells. These results suggest that metformin can protect protein and DNA damage induced by FA at least partly through a direct reaction process.
Transient response of hygrothermoelastic field in an elastic plate with an edge crack
Authors: Zhang Xue‐Yang , Li Xian‐Fang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn order to describe the complex interaction in the heat and moisture transfer process, a coupled time‐fractional hygrothermal theory is developed to describe the anomalous phenomenon of coupled heat and moisture diffusion. The hygrothermoelastic behaviors in a plate with an edge crack are investigated. The surfaces of the plate are both subjected to hygrothermal shocks. The Laplace transform and the finite Fourier transform are applied to seek an analytical solution of temperature change, moisture distribution, and stress response that are expressed in terms of the Mittag‐Leffler function. With this solution, the stress intensity factors at the crack tip are numerically calculated through the weight function method. The coupling effects of the heat and moisture on the stress intensity factors are illustrated graphically for sub‐diffusion, normal diffusion, and super‐diffusion respectively. The results show that the coupling hygrothermal effects are significant and different when compared with the uncoupled model.
Experimental and numerical investigation on effect of trash rack on flow properties at power intakes
Authors: Aghajani Navid , Karami Hojat , Sarkardeh Hamed , Mousavi Sayed‐Farhad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the present experimental and numerical research, the flow behavior in a reservoir and horizontal water intake was analyzed in the presence of surface vortices. To do so, velocity field, vortex strength, and Reynolds number in different horizontal sections in the reservoir and the energy loss and entrained air volume at horizontal intake pipe at three different relative submerged depths (S/D = 1, 1.5 and 2) and five intake Froude numbers (Fr = 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.6) were investigated by installing two trash racks with 64% and 70% openings and one intake without trash rack. The velocity field and vortex strength were measured using Particle Tracking Velocimetry. Reynolds number, velocity, energy loss, and entrained air volume at horizontal intake pipe were computed by numerical simulations. The commercially available computational fluid dynamics program Flow‐3D, was used for the numerical modeling. Numerical simulations were validated by the experimental data. The experimental tests revealed that trash rack presence has a significant effect on reducing the vortex strength and velocity on the water surface. The vortex strength was decreased by 11% and 16% in the trash racks with 70% and 64% opening, respectively. Energy loss clearly increased with the installation of a trash rack. Energy loss in the trash rack with 70% opening was approximately 19–26%. In addition, some relationships were provided for calculation of vortex strength, velocity, and local energy loss in the water intake, which are in good agreement with the studies in the literature.
Patient-derived orthotopic xenografts of pediatric brain tumors: a St. Jude resource
Authors: Smith Kyle S. , Xu Ke , Mercer Kimberly S. , Boop Frederick , Klimo Paul , DeCupyere Michael , Grenet Jose , Robinson Sarah , Dunphy Paige , Baker Suzanne J. , Ellison David W. , Merchant Thomas E. , Upadayaya Santhosh A. , Gajjar Amar , Wu Gang , Orr Brent A. , Robinson Giles W. , Northcott Paul A. , Roussel Martine F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Pediatric brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. Patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDOX) of childhood brain tumors have recently emerged as a biologically faithful vehicle for testing novel and more effective therapies. Herein, we provide the histopathological and molecular analysis of 37 novel PDOX models generated from pediatric brain tumor patients treated at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. Using a combination of histopathology, whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and DNA methylation arrays, we demonstrate the overall fidelity and inter-tumoral molecular heterogeneity of pediatric brain tumor PDOX models. These models represent frequent as well as rare childhood brain tumor entities, including medulloblastoma, ependymoma, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor, and embryonal tumor with multi-layer rosettes. PDOX models will be valuable platforms for evaluating novel therapies and conducting pre-clinical trials to accelerate progress in the treatment of brain tumors in children. All described PDOX models and associated datasets can be explored using an interactive web-based portal and will be made freely available to the research community upon request.
Respiratory function during enzyme replacement therapy in late-onset Pompe disease: longitudinal course, prognostic factors, and the impact of time from diagnosis to treatment start
Authors: Stockton David W. , Kishnani Priya , van der Ploeg Ans , Llerena Juan , Boentert Matthias , Roberts Mark , Byrne Barry J. , Araujo Roberto , Maruti Sonia S. , Thibault Nathan , Verhulst Karien , Berger Kenneth I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo examine respiratory muscle function among late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) patients in the Pompe Registry (NCT00231400/Sanofi Genzyme) during enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with alglucosidase alfa by assessing the longitudinal course of forced vital capacity (FVC), prognostic factors for FVC, and impact of time from diagnosis to ERT initiation.MethodsLongitudinal FVC data from LOPD (symptom onset > 12 months or ≤ 12 months without cardiomyopathy) patients were analyzed. Patients had to have baseline FVC (percent predicted upright) assessments at ERT start and ≥ 2 valid post-baseline assessments. Longitudinal analyses used linear mixed-regression models.ResultsAmong 396 eligible patients, median baseline FVC was 66.9% (range 9.3–126.0). FVC remained stable during the 5-year follow-up (slope = − 0.17%,p = 0.21). Baseline FVC was lower among various subgroups, including patients who were male; older at ERT initiation; had a longer duration from symptom onset to ERT initiation; and had more advanced disease at baseline (based on respiratory support use, inability to ambulate, ambulation device use). Age at symptom onset was not associated with baseline degree of respiratory dysfunction. Differences between subgroups observed at baseline remained during follow-up. Shorter time from diagnosis to ERT initiation was associated with higher FVC after 5 years in all patients and the above subgroups using a cut-off of 1.7 years.ConclusionFVC stability over 5 years suggests that respiratory function is preserved during long-term ERT in real-world settings. Early initiation of alglucosidase alfa was associated with preservation of FVC in LOPD patients with better respiratory function at the time of treatment initiation.
Torque teno viral load reflects immunosuppression in paediatric kidney-transplanted patients—a pilot study
Authors: Uhl Phoebe , Heilos Andreas , Bond Gregor , Meyer Elias , Böhm Michael , Puchhammer-Stöckl Elisabeth , Arbeiter Klaus , Müller-Sacherer Thomas , Csaicsich Dagmar , Aufricht Christoph , Rusai Krisztina 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Chronic deterioration of kidney graft function is related to inadequate immunosuppression (IS). A novel tool to assess the individual net state of IS in transplanted patients might be the monitoring of Torque teno virus (TTV) viral load. TTV is a non-pathogen virus detectable in almost all individuals. TTV level in the peripheral blood has been linked to the immune-competence of its host and should thus reflect IS after solid organ transplantation.

Methods
TTV plasma load was quantified monthly by RT-PCR for a period of 1 year in 45 kidney-transplanted children. Post-transplant time was at least 3 months. The relation of the virus DNA levels to IS and transplant-specific clinical and laboratory parameters was analysed longitudinally.

Results
TTV DNA was detectable in 94.5% of the plasma samples. There was a significant association with the post-transplant follow-up time as well as with the type of IS regimen, with lower virus loads in patients after longer post-transplant time and mTOR inhibitor–based IS. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation with the dose of prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil was found.

Conclusions
TTV levels show an association/correlation with the strength of IS. Further studies are needed in order to evaluate TTV measurement as a tool for IS monitoring for hard clinical outcomes such as presence of donor-specific antibodies, rejections or infections—common consequences of insufficient or too intense IS.
DNA hypomethylation of the Krüppel-like factor 11 (KLF11) gene promoter: a putative biomarker of depression comorbidity in panic disorder and of non-anxious depression?
Authors: Kollert Leonie , Schiele Miriam A. , Thiel Christiane , Menke Andreas , Deckert Jürgen , Domschke Katharina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPanic disorder (PD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders and often occurs comorbidly with major depressive disorder (MDD). Altered methylation of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene has been implicated in the etiology of both PD and MDD. The Krüppel-like factor 11 (KLF11; alias TIEG2), an activating transcription factor of the MAOA gene, has been found to be increased in MDD, but has not yet been investigated in PD. In an effort to further delineate the effects of the KLF11–MAOA pathway in anxiety and affective disorders, KLF11 promoter methylation was analyzed via pyrosequencing of sodium bisulfite-treated DNA isolated from human peripheral blood in two independent samples of PD patients with or without comorbid MDD in a case–control design (sample 1: N = 120) as well as MDD patients with and without anxious depression (sample 2: N = 170). Additionally, in sample 1, KLF11 methylation was correlated with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) scores. No overall association of KLF11 promoter methylation with PD was detected. However, PD patients with comorbid MDD showed significant hypomethylation relative to both healthy controls (p = 0.010) and PD patients without comorbid MDD (p = 0.008). Furthermore, KLF11 methylation was negatively correlated with BDI-II scores in PD patients (p = 0.013). MDD patients without anxious features showed nominally decreased KLF11 methylation in comparison to MDD patients with anxious depression (p = 0.052). The present results suggest KLF11 promoter hypomethylation as a potential epigenetic marker of MDD comorbidity in PD or of non-anxious depression, respectively, possibly constituting a differential pathomechanism in anxiety and mood disorders.
A review on catalytic & non-catalytic bio-oil upgrading in supercritical fluids
Authors: Omar Sainab , Yang Yang , Wang Jiawei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis review article summarizes the key published research on the topic of bio-oil upgrading using catalytic and non-catalytic supercritical fluid (SCF) conditions. The precious metal catalysts Pd, Ru and Pt on various supports are frequently chosen for catalytic bio-oil upgrading in SCFs. This is reportedly due to their favourable catalytic activity during the process including hydrotreating, hydrocracking, and esterification, which leads to improvements in liquid yield, heating value, and pH of the upgraded bio-oil. Due to the costs associated with precious metal catalysts, some researchers have opted for non-precious metal catalysts such as acidic HZSM-5 which can promote esterification in supercritical ethanol. On the other hand, SCFs have been effectively used to upgrade crude bio-oil without a catalyst. Supercritical methanol, ethanol, and water are most commonly used and demonstrate catalyst like activities such as facilitating esterification reactions and reducing solid yield by alcoholysis and hydrolysis, respectively.
Management of children with fever and neutropenia: results of a survey in 51 pediatric cancer centers in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland
Authors: Scheler Max , Lehrnbecher Thomas , Groll Andreas H. , Volland Ruth , Laws Hans-Jürgen , Ammann Roland A. , Agyeman Philipp , Attarbaschi Andishe , Lux Margaux , Simon Arne 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Investigation of the current practice of diagnostics and treatment in pediatric cancer patients with febrile neutropenia.

Methods
On behalf of the German Society for Pediatric Oncology and Hematology and the German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases, an Internet-based survey was conducted in 2016 concerning the management of febrile neutropenia in pediatric oncology centers (POC). This survey accompanied the release of the corresponding German guideline to document current practice before its implementation in clinical practice.

Results
In total, 51 POCs participated (response rate 73%; 43 from Germany, and 4 each from Austria and Switzerland). Identified targets for antimicrobial stewardship concerned blood culture diagnostics, documentation of the time to antibiotics, the use of empirical combination therapy, drug monitoring of aminoglycosides, the time to escalation in patients with persisting fever, minimal duration of IV treatment, sequential oral treatment in patients with persisting neutropenia, indication for and choice of empirical antifungal treatment, and the local availability of a pediatric infectious diseases consultation service.

Conclusion
This survey provides useful information for local antibiotic stewardship teams to improve the current practice referring to the corresponding national and international guidelines.
Nuclear imaging for diagnosing fracture-related infection
Authors: Bosch Paul , Glaudemans Andor W. J. M. , de Vries Jean-Paul P. M. , Middelberg Tim R. , Govaert Geertje A. M. , IJpma Frank F. A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Fracture-related infection (FRI) is a complication of surgical fracture treatment and can be challenging to diagnose. Recent studies show promising results for the use of either FDG-PET/CT or WBC/anti-granulocyte scintigraphy. The purpose of this pictorial essay is to outline recent developments in nuclear imaging techniques to diagnose FRI.

Methods
The current literature on this topic is reviewed. Additionally, three examples of patients who underwent nuclear imaging as part of their clinical work-up and surgical treatment for FRI are presented.

Results
Based on recent retrospective studies, FDG-PET/CT (accuracy 0.83) and WBC scintigraphy with SPECT/CT (accuracy 0.92) both have a good diagnostic accuracy for diagnosing fracture-related infection. Nuclear imaging contributes to a correct diagnosis in patients with FRI.

Conclusion
Retrospective studies show promising results for both FDG-PET/CT and WBC scintigraphy with SPECT/CT in diagnosing FRI. A prospective, multicenter study (IFI trial), directly comparing MRI, FDG-PET/CT, and WBC scintigraphy with SPECT/CT in patients with suspected FRI, is currently in progress.
Effects of tree size and park maintenance on soil seed bank of Gleditsia triacanthos, an exotic tree in urban green areas
Authors: Csontos Péter , Kalapos Tibor , Faradhimu Tito , Laborczi Annamária , Hardi Tamás , Tamás Júlia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe exotic honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos) is often planted as ornamental tree in urban parks. In Hungary, it occasionally escapes cultivation, in other countries it has already become invasive, and thus, further spread cannot be ruled out. The production of copious long-lived seeds may contribute to its invasiveness. We investigated the soil seed bank of honey locust growing in urban parks of Budapest (Hungary). Soil samples of 1200 cm3 were taken under the canopy of 48 solitary female trees, seeds were extracted by washing, and their viability was assessed by germination test following scarification. For each tree, trunk circumference and level of park maintenance were recorded. Seed bank density varied between 0 and 500 seeds/m2 and in 17 out of 48 cases, it exceeded 100 seeds/m2. Larger trees tended to form better-developed soil seed bank than smaller ones, yet the level of park maintenance has a much stronger effect: trees in neglected parks produced five-times higher density on average than those in perfectly managed parks (126.4 and 24.5 seeds/m2, respectively). For a better understanding of the species’ invasion risk, detailed seed ecological studies are needed and to prevent its further spreading, a more careful treatment of its litter is recommended.
Betting on the underdog: the influence of social networks on vote choice
Authors: Fredén Annika , Rheault Ludovic , Indridason Indridi H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPeople are commonly expected not to waste their vote on parties with small probabilities of being elected. Yet, many end up voting for underdogs. We argue that voters gauge the popular support for their preferred party from their social networks. When social networks function as echo chambers, a feature observed in real-life networks, voters overestimate underdogs’ chances of winning. We conduct voting experiments in which some treatment groups receive signals from a simulated network. We compare the effect of networks with a high degree of homogeneity against random networks. We find that homophilic networks increase the level of support for underdogs, which provides evidence to back up anecdotal claims that echo chambers foster the development of fringe parties.
Diel activity patterns and arrestment behaviour in host associations of green mirids (Creontiades dilutus)
Authors: Cappadonna J. K. , Hereward J. P. , Walter G. H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMany plant bugs (Miridae) are generalist herbivores that feed on multiple host species. The reasons these bugs move across hosts and the behavioural mechanisms responsible for their retention at specific hosts remain elusive. Green mirids (Creontiades dilutus) are endemic to Australia. These insects are important pests of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and even in low numbers can cause substantial damage to crops. These bugs are also present in relatively much higher numbers on pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) planted alongside cotton fields, and evidence shows they move across these crops in both directions. Observations of these highly mobile insects in the field are challenging, but indirect evidence suggests that they may be nocturnal. This study evaluated: (1) the diel (24 h) period in which C. dilutus adults were most active, (2) whether they respond to plant volatiles immediately prior to landing on host substrates, and (3) if their presence on a host is in response to attraction or arrestment cues. The results suggest that C. dilutus bugs are typically most active early in the evenings, after remaining motionless during the day (unless disturbed). Their movement (at night) was arrested by hosts prior to touching plant tissues. There was no evidence to suggest that these bugs are attracted by volatiles beyond 2 cm. These outcomes demonstrate that insect behaviours need to be investigated within their typical activity periods, and that arrestment cues possibly play a central role in the host finding process of generalist C. dilutus and probably, therefore, other mirid species.
AENEAS THEFLAMEN: DOUBLE TOGAS AND TABOOS IN VIRGIL'S CARTHAGE
Authors: Morgan Llewelyn 
Published: June 2020

This is an investigation of an aspect of Virgil'sAeneid—ultimately, of the ways in which the poet guides his reader's response to Aeneas’ stay in Carthage—and, while it touches on Roman religious practice, clothing codes, late antique Virgilian commentary and Augustan ideology, it hinges on a single word inAeneidBook 4 and its implications for Virgil's depiction of his hero in this book. That word islaena, and it features in one of the most celebrated scenes of the poem, when Mercury descends to earth to find Aeneas busily engaged in founding Carthage (Aen.4.259–64):ut primum alatis tetigit magalia plantis,Aenean fundantem arces ac tecta nouantemconspicit. atque illi stellatus iaspide fuluaensis erat Tyrioque ardebat murice laenademissa ex umeris, diues quae munera Didofecerat, et tenui telas discreuerat auro.As soon as Mercury with winged feet touched the Carthaginian huts, he caught sight of Aeneas founding the citadel and raising new buildings: his sword was studded with stars of yellow jasper, and alaena, hanging from/let down from his shoulders, blazed with Tyrian purple, a gift that Dido with her wealth had made, interweaving in the web a subtle cross-thread of gold.Line 4.262 is the only place in theAeneidwhere this word is used, and I shall be suggesting thatlaenarepresents an unusually evocative piece of clothing to put on Aeneas, even aside from the particular character, its decoration and origin, that Virgil attributes to the example Aeneas is wearing at lines 4.262–4. What I offer is a cumulative argument, as a whole (I believe) persuasive but also necessarily speculative given the limited state of our knowledge in various areas from religion to clothing. My essential claim is that Virgil is encouraging his reader at this point in the poem to associate Aeneas with, and judge his behaviour in comparison to, one of the most important members of the Roman priesthood.