bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular investigation of Tuscan sweet cherries sampled over three years: gene expression analysis coupled to metabolomics and proteomics
Authors: Berni Roberto , Charton Sophie , Planchon Sébastien , Legay Sylvain , Romi Marco , Cantini Claudio , Cai Giampiero , Hausman Jean-Francois , Renaut Jenny , Guerriero Gea 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSweet cherry (Prunus aviumL.) is a stone fruit widely consumed and appreciated for its organoleptic properties, as well as its nutraceutical potential. We here investigated the characteristics of six non-commercial Tuscan varieties of sweet cherry maintained at the Regional Germplasm Bank of the CNR-IBE in Follonica (Italy) and sampled ca. 60 days post-anthesis over three consecutive years (2016-2017-2018). We adopted an approach merging genotyping and targeted gene expression profiling with metabolomics. To complement the data, a study of the soluble proteomes was also performed on two varieties showing the highest content of flavonoids. Metabolomics identified the presence of flavanols and proanthocyanidins in highest abundance in the varieties Morellona and Crognola, while gene expression revealed that some differences were present in genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway during the 3 years and among the varieties. Finally, proteomics on Morellona and Crognola showed variations in proteins involved in stress response, primary metabolism and cell wall expansion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first multi-pronged study focused on Tuscan sweet cherry varieties providing insights into the differential abundance of genes, proteins and metabolites.
Learning to do multiframe wavefront sensing unsupervised: Applications to blind deconvolution
Authors: Asensio Ramos A. , Olspert N. 
Published: January 2021

Context. Observations from ground-based telescopes are severely perturbed by the presence of the Earth’s atmosphere. The use of adaptive optics techniques has allowed us to partly overcome this limitation. However, image-selection or post-facto image-reconstruction methods applied to bursts of short-exposure images are routinely needed to reach the diffraction limit. Deep learning has recently been proposed as an efficient way to accelerate these image reconstructions. Currently, these deep neural networks are trained with supervision, meaning that either standard deconvolution algorithms need to be applied a priori or complex simulations of the solar magneto-convection need to be carried out to generate the training sets.
Aims. Our aim here is to propose a general unsupervised training scheme that allows multiframe blind deconvolution deep learning systems to be trained with observations only. The approach can be applied for the correction of point-like as well as extended objects.
Methods. Leveraging the linear image formation theory and a probabilistic approach to the blind deconvolution problem produces a physically motivated loss function. Optimization of this loss function allows end-to-end training of a machine learning model composed of three neural networks.
Results. As examples, we apply this procedure to the deconvolution of stellar data from the FastCam instrument and to solar extended data from the Swedish Solar Telescope. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed neural model can be successfully trained without supervision using observations only. It provides estimations of the instantaneous wavefronts, from which a corrected image can be found using standard deconvolution techniques. The network model is roughly three orders of magnitude faster than applying standard deconvolution based on optimization and shows potential to be used on real-time at the telescope.
Local spiral structure based on the Gaia EDR3 parallaxes
Authors: Xu Y. , Hou L. G. , Bian S. B. , Hao C. J. , Liu D. J. , Li J. J. , Li Y. J. 
Published: January 2021

Context. The astrometric satellite Gaia is expected to significantly increase our knowledge as to the properties of the Milky Way. The Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) provides the most precise parallaxes for many OB stars, which can be used to delineate the Galactic spiral structure.
Aims. We investigate the local spiral structure with the largest sample of spectroscopically confirmed young OB stars available to date, and we compare it with what was traced by the parallax measurements of masers.
Methods. A sample consisting of three different groups of massive young stars, including O–B2 stars, O–B0 stars and O-type stars with parallax accuracies better than 10% was compiled and used in our analysis.
Results. The local spiral structures in all four Galactic quadrants within ≈5 kpc of the Sun are clearly delineated in detail. The revealed Galactic spiral pattern outlines a clear sketch of nearby spiral arms, especially in the third and fourth quadrants where the maser parallax data are still absent. These O-type stars densify and extend the spiral structure constructed by using the Very Long Baseline Interferometry maser data alone. The clumped distribution of O-type stars also indicates that the Galaxy spiral structure is inhomogeneous.
Usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for splenic parenchyma in patients suspected of having primary splenic malignant lymphoma
Authors: Niiya Fumitaka , Takano Yuichi , Azami Tetsushi , Kobayashi Takahiro , Maruoka Naotaka , Kabasawa Nobuyuki , Harada Hiroshi , Norose Tomoko , Ohike Nobuyuki , Nagahama Masatsugu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and study aims The diagnosis of malignant lymphoma (ML) is sometimes difficult, especially in patients with primary splenic malignant lymphomas (psML) which have no lymph nodes capable of acting as the biopsy target. We carried out endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for “splenic parenchyma” in patients suspected of having a psML, even without any obvious neoplastic lesions in the spleen.Patients and methods A retrospective study using medical records was conducted of eight patients suspected of having a psML that received EUS-FNA for the splenic parenchyma between January 2016 and January 2019. Data analyzed included clinical background, EUS-FNA procedure (puncture needle/route), diagnostic ability (pathological/flow cytometry [FCM]), and complications.Results EUS-FNA was performed from the stomach in all eight cases, and no patients had complications. As a result of splenic parenchymal biopsy found on EUS-FNA, 75 % of patients (6/8) were histologically diagnosed with MLs, monoclonality of B-cells was identified in all cases (8/8) with FCM, and all patients (8/8) were definitively diagnosed with psMLs.Conclusion EUS-FNA for “splenic parenchyma” is useful for patients with spML, even if they have no obvious neoplastic lesions in the spleen.
Differences in image-enhanced endoscopic findings between Helicobacter pylori-associated and autoimmune gastritis
Authors: Kato Minoru , Uedo Noriya , Toth Ervin , Shichijo Satoki , Maekawa Akira , Kanesaka Takashi , Takeuchi Yoji , Yamamoto Sachiko , Higashino Koji , Ishihara Ryu , Nemeth Artur , Thorlacius Henrik , Tomita Yasuhiko , Wurm Johansson Gabriele 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims The aim of this study was to elucidate the differences in image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) findings between Helicobacter-pylori-associated and autoimmune gastritis.
Patients and methods Seven H. pylori-naïve, 21 patients with H. pylori-associated gastritis and seven with autoimmune gastritis were enrolled. Mucosal atrophy in the corpus was evaluated using autofluorescence imaging and classified into small, medium and large. In a 2 × 2-cm area of the lesser curvature of the lower corpus, micromucosal pattern was evaluated by magnifying narrow band imaging and proportion of foveola (FV)- and groove (GR)-type mucosa was classified into FV > 80 %, FV 50 % to 80 %, GR 50 % to 80 %, and GR > 80 %, then a biopsy specimen was taken.
Results Fifteen of 21 (71 %) H. pylori-associated gastritis patients exhibited medium-to-large atrophic mucosa at the corpus lesser curvature. All autoimmune gastritis patients had large atrophic mucosa throughout the corpus (P < 0.001). All H. pylori-naïve patients had the FV > 80 % micromucosal pattern. Nineteen of 21 (90 %) H. pylori-associated gastritis patients had varying proportions of GR- and FV-type mucosae and five of seven (71 %) autoimmune gastritis patients showed FV > 80 % mucosa (P < 0.001). Compared with patients who were H. pylori-naïve, patients with H. pylori-associated and autoimmune gastritis exhibited a higher grade of atrophy (P < 0.001), but only patients with H. pylori-associated gastritis showed a higher grade of intestinal metaplasia (P = 0.022). Large mucosal atrophy with FV > 80 % micromucosal pattern had sensitivity of 71 % (95 % CI: 29 %–96 %) and specificity of 100 % (95 % CI: 88 % to 100 %) for diagnosis of autoimmune gastritis.
Conclusions IEE findings of the gastric corpus differed between H. pylori-associated and autoimmune gastritis, suggesting different pathogenesis of the two diseases.
Diagnostic yield of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition in autoimmune pancreatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Facciorusso Antonio , Barresi Luca , Cannizzaro Renato , Antonini Filippo , Triantafyllou Konstantinos , Tziatzios Georgios , Muscatiello Nicola , Hart Phil A. , Wani Sachin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims There is limited evidence on the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue acquisition in autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). The aim of this meta-analysis was to provide a pooled estimate of the diagnostic performance of EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and fine-needle biopsy (FNB) in patients with AIP.
Patients and methods Computerized bibliographic search was performed through January 2020. Pooled effects were calculated using a random-effects model by means of DerSimonian and Laird test. Primary endpoint was diagnostic accuracy compared to clinical diagnostic criteria. Additional outcomes were definitive histopathology, pooled rates of adequate material for histological diagnosis, sample adequacy, mean number of needle passes. Diagnostic sensitivity and safety data were also analyzed.
Results Fifteen studies with 631 patients were included, of which four were prospective series and one randomized trial. Overall diagnostic accuracy of EUS tissue acquisition was 54.7 % (95 % confidence interval, 40.9 %–68.4 %), with a clear superiority of FNB over FNA (63 %, 52.7 % to 73.4 % versus 45.7 %, 26.5 %–65 %; p < 0.001). FNB provided level 1 of histological diagnosis in 44.2 % of cases (30.8 %–57.5 %) as compared to 21.9 % (10 %–33.7 %) with FNA (P < 0.001). The rate of definitive histopathology of EUS tissue sampling was 20.7 % (12.9 %–28.5 %) and it was significantly higher with FNB (24.3 %, 11.8 %–36.8 %) as compared to FNA (14.7 %, 5.4 %–23.9 %; P < 0.001). Less than 1 % of subjects experienced post-procedural acute pancreatitis.
Conclusion The results of this meta-analysis demonstrate that the diagnostic performance of EUS-guided tissue acquisition is modest in patients with AIP, with an improved performance of FNB compared to FNA.
Efficacy of Endocuff Vision compared to first-generation Endocuff in adenoma detection rate and polyp detection rate in high-definition colonoscopy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Aziz Muhammad , Haghbin Hossein , Gangwani Manesh Kumar , Sharma Sachit , Nawras Yusuf , Khan Zubair , Chandan Saurabh , Mohan Babu P. , Lee-Smith Wade , Nawras Ali 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Recently, the newer Endocuff Vision (ECV) has been evaluated for improving colonoscopy outcome metrics such as adenoma detection rate (ADR) and polyp detection rate (PDR). Due to lack of direct comparative studies between ECV and original Endocuff (ECU), we performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate these outcomes.
Methods The following databases were searched: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Sciences to include randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing ECV or ECU colonoscopy to high-definition (HD) colonoscopy. Direct as well as network meta-analyses comparing ADR and PDR were performed using a random effects model. Relative-risk (RR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI) was calculated.
Results A total of 12 RCTs with 8638 patients were included in the final analysis. On direct meta-analysis, ECV did not demonstrate statistically improved ADR compared to HD colonoscopy (RR: 1.12, 95 % CI 0.99–1.27). A clinically and statistically improved PDR was noted for ECV compared to HD (RR: 1.15, 95 % CI 1.03–1.28) and ECU compared to HD (RR: 1.26, 95 % CI 1.09–1.46) as well as improved ADR (RR: 1.22, 95 % CI 1.05–1.43) was observed for ECU colonoscopy when compared to HD colonoscopy. These results were also consistent on network meta-analysis. Lower overall complication rates (RR: 0.14, 95 % CI 0.02–0.84) and particularly lacerations/erosions (RR: 0.11, 95 % CI 0.02–0.70) were noted with ECV compared to ECU colonoscopy.
Conclusions Although safe, the newer ECV did not significantly improve ADR compared to ECU and HD colonoscopy. Further device modification is needed to increase the overall ADR and PDR.
Does previous biopsy lead to cancer overdiagnosis of superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors?
Authors: Tsuji Shigetsugu , Doyama Hisashi , Tsuyama Sho , Dejima Akihiro , Nakashima Takashi , Wakita Shigenori , Kito Yosuke , Nakanishi Hiroyoshi , Yoshida Naohiro , Katayanagi Kazuyoshi , Minato Hiroshi , Yao Takashi , Yao Kenshi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) in superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs) regarding the absence or presence of biopsy before M-NBI diagnosis.
Patients and methods Clinicopathological data were retrospectively reviewed for 99 SNADETs from 99 patients who underwent endoscopic resection. The 99 tumors were divided into the non-biopsy group (32 lesions not undergoing biopsy before M-NBI examination) and the biopsy group (67 lesions undergoing biopsy before M-NBI examination). We investigated the correlation between the M-NBI diagnosis and the histopathological diagnosis of the SNADETs in both groups.
Results According to the modified revised Vienna classification, 31 tumors were classified as category 3 (C3) (low-grade adenoma) and 68 as category 4/5 (C4/5) (high-grade adenoma/cancer). The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of preoperative M-NBI diagnoses in the non-biopsy group vs the biopsy group were 88 % (95 % confidence interval: 71.0 – 96.5) vs 66 % (51.5 – 75.5), P = 0.02; 95 % (77.2 – 99.9) vs 89 % (76.4 – 96.4), P = 0.39; and 70 % (34.8 – 93.3) vs 14 % (3.0 – 36.3), P < 0.01, respectively. Notably, in the biopsy group, the specificity of M-NBI in SNADETs was low at only 14 % because we over-diagnosed most C3 lesions as C4/5. M-NBI findings might have been compromised by the previous biopsy procedure itself.
Conclusions In the non-biopsy group, the accuracy of M-NBI in SNADETs was excellent in distinguishing C4/5 lesions from C3. The M-NBI findings in SNADETs should be evaluated while carefully considering the influence of a previous biopsy.
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided transgastric drainage of radiologically inaccessible left lobe liver abscess involving segment 4, caudate lobe, and left lateral segments using a modified technique
Authors: Chandra Sharad , Chandra Urvashi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLiver abscess requiring drainage is conventionally managed by interventional radiology-guided percutaneous drainage (PCD). Radiologically inaccessible abscesses are managed with laparoscopic or open surgery, which carries high rates of morbidity and mortality.EUS-guided transluminal liver abscess drainage is minimally invasive and can be an alternative approach for caudate lobe, segment 4, and left lateral segment abscesses. We report on three consecutive patients with radiologically inaccessible left lobe liver abscess involving the caudate lobe, segment 4, and lateral segment in whom EUS-guided transluminal drainage using a modified technique was successful.
Endoscopic resection is more effective than biopsy or EUS to detect residual rectal neuroendocrine tumor
Authors: Stier Matthew W. , Chapman Christopher G. , Shamah Steven , Donboli Kianoush , Yassan Lindsay , Waxman Irving , Siddiqui Uzma D. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are often discovered incidentally and may be misidentified as adenomatous polyps. This can result in a partial resection at the index procedure, and lesions are often referred for staging or evaluation for residual disease at the resection site. The aim of this study was to identify the ideal method to confirm complete excision of small rectal NETs.
Patients and methods Data from patients with a previously resected rectal NET referred for follow-up endoscopy or endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate analysis was performed on categorical data using the Chi-squared test.
Results Forty-nine patients with rectal NETs were identified by pathology specimens. Of those, 39 underwent follow-up endoscopy or EUS and were included. Baseline characteristics included gender (71 % F, 29 % M), age (57.2 ± 13.4 yrs) lesion size (7.3 ± 4.2 mm) and location. The prior resection site was identified in 37/39 patients who underwent tissue sampling. Residual NET was found histologically in 14/37 lesions. All residual disease was found during salvage endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and 43 % had a normal-appearing scar. Every patient undergoing EUS had an unremarkable exam. Initial cold biopsy polypectomy (P = 0.006), visible lesions (P = 0.001) and EMR/ESD of the prior resection site (P = 0.01) correlated with residual NET.
Conclusions Localized rectal NETs may be incompletely removed with standard polypectomy. If an advanced resection is not performed initially, repeat endoscopy with salvage EMR or ESD of the scar should be considered. For small rectal NETs, biopsy may miss residual disease when there is no visible lesion and EUS appears to have no benefit.
Changes in impedance planimetry metrics predict clinical response to flexible endoscopy in Zenkerʼs diverticulotomy
Authors: Sondhi Arjun R. , Watts Lydia S. , Law Ryan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Various techniques have been described for flexible endoscopic therapy for Zenkerʼs diverticulum (ZD). Objective methods to assess myotomy effectiveness are lacking. We assessed the utility of impedance planimetry in flexible endoscopic ZD therapies and correlation with a validated symptom score.
Patients and methods Patients undergoing endoscopic therapy for symptomatic ZD from February 2019 to March 2020 were included. Intraprocedural impedance planimetry was performed pre- and post-myotomy to assess esophageal diameter and distensibility index (DI). Eating Assessment Tool (EAT)-10 scores were assessed preintervention and post-intervention. Descriptive statistics were calculated.
Results Thirteen patients (46 % women; mean age 80 years; 77 % peroral endoscopic myotomy technique) were included. Technical and clinical success was 100 %. No adverse events occurred. At 40 mL and 50 mL, the diameter improved (mean 2.3 mm and 2.6 mm, respectively). At 40 mL and 50 mL, the DI improved (mean 1.0 mm2/mmHg and 1.8 mm2/mmHg, respectively). EAT-10 scores improved by a mean of 15 points. Mean follow-up was 97 days.
Conclusions Intraprocedural impedance planimetry may provide objective data to define success for flexible endoscopic ZD. Further research is required to corroborate these results.
Colonoscopy-related injury among colonoscopists: an international survey
Authors: Al-Rifaie Ammar , Gariballa Mohammed , Ghodeif Alhassan , Hodge Stephen , Thoufeeq Mo , Donnelly Mark 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Colonoscopy is physically demanding for endoscopists and patients. Repetitive movements during colonoscopy can lead to overuse injuries. We aimed to explore the prevalence and range of colonoscopy-related musculoskeletal injuries (CRIs) in endoscopists.
Methods A cross-sectional electronic survey of 1825 endoscopists was performed. The sample was composed of members of the British Society of Gastroenterology, European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, and National Nurse Endoscopy Group (UK). The survey comprised 20 questions. These included: endoscopists’ workload, level of experience, and their perceived CRIs. All endoscopists who perform colonoscopy independently were included in the analysis.
Results A total of 368 questionnaires were completed of 1825 surveyed (20.16 %). Of those, 319 participants (17.48 %) were fully independent in colonoscopy. Of 319 endoscopists, 254 (79.6 %) have experienced musculoskeletal injuries. These were reported as either possibly (n = 143, 56.3 %) or definitely (n = 90, 35.4 %) related to colonoscopy. Commonly injured areas were the lower back (n = 85, 36.5 %), neck (n = 82, 35.2 %) and left thumb (n = 79, 33.9 %). Of the injured endoscopists, 98 (30.7 %) made some modification to their practice, such as stretching exercises and ergonomic changes. Of the endoscopists, 134 (42.0 %) thought that repetitive limb strain was a likely causative mechanism. Around 40 % believed that torquing the scope and challenging body position were precipitating CRIs. Several treatment modalities were used to treat CRIs. These included; physiotherapy (n = 109), medications (n = 70), rest (n = 43), splinting (n = 31), steroid injections (n = 26) and surgery (n = 11).
Conclusions A significant proportion of colonoscopists experience CRIs. The majority of the suggested modifications to practice can be adopted by any endoscopist. These results highlight the need to recognise CRI as an important occupational health hazard and to adopt preventative strategies routinely in the future.