bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of users’ electricity purchase packages for electricity sales companies in the electricity market
Authors: Wu S Q , Jiang Y Z , Jing Z X , Chen Z Y 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
As the rapid development of the power industry, the analysis and forecasting of large power companies in the power market is very important. It not only makes the distribution and operation of power more reasonable, but also greatly enhances the rationality of customer power consumption. Predictive analysis with power customers is critical. Based on the service side, the electricity consumption of enterprises in Guangdong Province was selected as the training sample, and the BP neural network-based prediction algorithm was selected to study and construct the enterprise electricity package model. The effective data of 695 enterprise electricity consumption was used for training and verification. Achieve accurate package design for enterprises with different power consumption.
Research on LCL filter considering grid impedance
Authors: Wu L F , Zhang C Z 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Due to the large amount of access to distributed energy, the grid usually exhibits weak grid characteristics, which puts higher demands on the inverter. The use of LCL filters in photovoltaic grid-connected systems is beneficial to suppress high-frequency switching harmonic currents from entering the grid. However, the LCL filter increases the system order and the system stability is also affected by the grid impedance. In this paper, the non-isolated PV grid-connected inverter based on LCL filtering is studied, and the effects of grid impedance on system stability, LCL filter harmonic suppression and LCL filter parameter optimization design are studied. The influence of grid impedance on system stability is analyzed in detail. The simulation results verify the correctness of the research.
Steady-state output characteristics of a three-port bidirectional DC-DC converter with dead time
Authors: Li J W , Zhang J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper introduces a transformer-coupled three-port three-bridge half-bridge bidirectional DC-DC converter with dead time phase shift control. The converter consists of a high-frequency three-winding transformer and three independent half-bridge circuits. The half bridge is coupled through a transformer to provide galvanic isolation for all power ports. The converter uses phase shift control to achieve energy flow control through pulse width modulation (PWM). By controlling the gate pulse by PWM, the control of the dead time is realized, and the dead time can effectively suppress the straight-through phenomenon of the switch in the multi-port system, which can reduce power consumption and protect the power device. Through mathematical derivation, a detailed theoretical analysis of the three-port steady-state output characteristics with dead time is carried out. A typical application of the proposed converter is an electric vehicle auxiliary power supply system with a photovoltaic cell/auxiliary battery/power battery. The effectiveness of the proposed converter was verified by MATLAB simulation software.
An inconvenient truth: the complexity problem and limits to justice
Authors: Risse Jörg 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
For years, the arbitration scene had to fight for lucrative, large-scale proceedings, which is no longer an issue today: arbitration as such has found its place in the legal landscape and has established itself as the means of choice. With the increasing complexity of the disputes and the high sums of money involved, however, the volume of the written submissions and the number of exhibits have exploded, sometimes to a previously unimaginable level. Tasked with reading 10,000 pages of submissions plus reviewing thousands of exhibits, arbitral tribunals are pushed to their limits. Sometimes, proper adjudication of these super fact-rich and complex cases becomes virtually and physically impossible. The article describes the problem and reviews what can be done to cope with this inconvenient truth.
Discharge Delays and Costs Associated With Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy for High-Priced Antibiotics
Authors: Bianchini Monica L , Kenney Rachel M , Lentz Robyn , Zervos Marcus , Malhotra Manu , Davis Susan L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is a widely used, safe, and cost-effective treatment. Most public and private insurance providers require prior authorization (PA) for OPAT, yet the impact of the inpatient PA process is not known. Our aim was to characterize discharge barriers and PA delays associated with high-priced OPAT antibiotics.

Methods
This was an institutional review board–approved study of adult patients discharged with daptomycin, ceftaroline, ertapenem, and novel beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations from January 2017 to December 2017. Patients with an OPAT PA delay were compared with patients without a delay. The primary endpoint was total direct hospital costs from the start of treatment.

Results
Two-hundred patients were included: 141 (71%) no OPAT delay vs 59 (30%) OPAT delay. More patients with a PA delay were discharged to a subacute care facility compared with an outpatient setting: 37 (63%) vs 52 (37%), P = .001. Discharge delays and median total direct hospital costs were higher for patients with OPAT delays: 31 (53%) vs 21 (15%), P &lt; .001 and $19 576 (interquartile range [IQR], 10 056–37 038) vs $7770 (IQR, 3031–13 974), P &lt; .001. In multiple variable regression, discharge to a subacute care facility was associated with an increased odds of discharge delay, age &gt;64 years was associated with a decreased odds of discharge delay.

Conclusions
OPAT with high-priced antibiotics requires significant care coordination. PA delays are common and contribute to discharge delays. OPAT transitions of care represent an opportunity to improve patient care and address access barriers.
Power relations and the labour share of income in China
Authors: Qi Hao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The labour share of income in China substantially declined from the mid-1990s to the late 2000s. We analyse the effect of power relations among the state, workers and managers on the labour share, during China’s economic transition from a state–socialist economy to a market economy. We take a Marxian approach in variable selection to reflect power relations over the two stages of China’s reform era. The econometric analysis shows that two major changes in power relations—the social contract between the state and workers disappeared and workers’ power relative to management declined—have a significant effect on the labour share. Furthermore, sectoral changes have no significant effect on the labour share between 1999 and 2010.
Tissue is the issue: when a second biopsy reveals the true diagnosis
Authors: Bogaert Anne-Marie , Hoorens Anne , Praet Marleen , Van Dorpe Jo , Poppe Bruce , De Scheerder Marie-Angélique 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We describe the case of a woman with minimal glomerular changes on initial kidney biopsy. On long-term follow-up, the patient developed nephrotic proteinuria and a second kidney biopsy was performed, which revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Findings from electron microscopy (EM) examination suggested a genetic form of FSGS. Next-generation sequencing showed heterozygosity for a mutation in COL4A3. Collagen IV nephropathies can be linked to late-onset FSGS. By establishing a genetic cause of FSGS, immunosuppressive treatment can be avoided. This case emphasizes the importance of re-biopsy in cases of a non-explained rise in proteinuria. EM can be helpful in differentiating between primary and secondary FSGS and informing treatment strategies. In cases of adult-onset FSGS that cannot be categorized by clinical–pathological assessment, genetic testing should be considered.
An unsupervised framework for comparing graph embeddings
Authors: Kamiński Bogumił , Prałat Paweł , Théberge François 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Graph embedding is the transformation of vertices of a graph into set of vectors. A good embedding should capture the graph topology, vertex-to-vertex relationship and other relevant information about the graph, its subgraphs and vertices. If these objectives are achieved, an embedding is a meaningful, understandable and compressed representations of a network. Finally, vector operations are simpler and faster than comparable operations on graphs. The main challenge is that one needs to make sure that embeddings well describe the properties of the graphs. In particular, a decision has to be made on the embedding dimensionality which highly impacts the quality of an embedding. As a result, selecting the best embedding is a challenging task and very often requires domain experts. In this article, we propose a ‘divergence score’ that can be assigned to embeddings to help distinguish good ones from bad ones. This general framework provides a tool for an unsupervised graph embedding comparison. In order to achieve it, we needed to generalize the well-known Chung-Lu model to incorporate geometry which is an interesting result in its own right. In order to test our framework, we did a number of experiments with synthetic networks as well as real-world networks, and various embedding algorithms.
Imaging Findings of Ileal Inflammation at Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Enterography: What do They Mean When Ileoscopy and Biopsy are Negative?
Authors: Nehra Avinash K , Sheedy Shannon P , Wells Michael L , VanBuren Wendaline M , Hansel Stephanie L , Deepak Parakkal , Lee Yong S , Bruining David H , Fletcher Joel G 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
Our goal was to determine the importance of ileal inflammation at computed tomography or magnetic resonance enterography in Crohn’s disease patients with normal ileoscopy.

Methods
Patients with negative ileoscopy and biopsy within 30 days of CT or MR enterography showing ileal inflammation were included. The severity [0–3 scale] and length of inflammation within the distal 20 cm of the terminal ileum were assessed on enterography. Subsequent medical records were reviewed for ensuing surgery, ulceration at ileoscopy, histological inflammation, or new or worsening ileal inflammation or stricture on enterography. Imaging findings were classified as: Confirmed Progression [subsequent surgery or radiological worsening, new ulcers at ileoscopy or positive histology]; Radiologic Response [decreased inflammation with medical therapy]; or Unlikely/Unconfirmed Inflammation.

Results
Of 1471 patients undergoing enterography and ileoscopy, 112 [8%] had imaging findings of inflammation with negative ileoscopy, and 88 [6%] had negative ileoscopy and ileal biopsy. Half [50%; 44/88] with negative biopsy had moderate/severe inflammation at enterography, with 45%, 32% and 11% having proximal small bowel inflammation, stricture or fistulas, respectively. Two-thirds with negative biopsy [67%; 59/88] had Confirmed Progression, with 68%, 70% and 61% having subsequent surgical resection, radiological worsening or ulcers at subsequent ileoscopy, respectively. Mean length and severity of ileal inflammation in these patients was 10 cm and 1.6. Thirteen [15%] patients had Radiologic Response, and 16 [18%] had Unlikely/Unconfirmed Inflammation.

Conclusion
Crohn’s disease patients with unequivocal imaging findings of ileal inflammation at enterography despite negative ileoscopy and biopsy are likely to have active inflammatory Crohn’s disease. Disease detected by imaging may worsen over time or respond to medical therapy.
The patterns of nitrogen fixation in haloalkaliphilic phototrophic communities of Kulunda Steppe soda lakes (Altai, Russia)
Authors: Samylina Olga S , Namsaraev Zorigto B , Grouzdev Denis S , Slobodova Natalia V , Zelenev Vladimir V , Borisenko Gennadii V , Sorokin Dimitry Y 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTNitrogen fixation (NF) of phototrophic communities was studied in a number of soda lakes with a wide range of salinity (25–400 g/l) located in Kulunda Steppe (Altai, Russia) during several summer seasons (2011–2016). The phototrophic communities were represented by the algal-bacterial Ctenocladus communities or cyanobacterial biofilms dominated by heterocystous and non-heterocystous cyanobacteria and purple sulfur bacteria Ectothiorhodospira sp. (up to 210 g/l) and endoevaporitic Euhalothece communities dominated by the extremely salt-tolerant unicellular cyanobacterium Euhalothece sp. and Ectothiorhodospira sp. (above 350 g/l). Salinity was the major factor influencing the composition and NF potential of the phototrophic communities. The communities dominated by vegetative heterocystous cyanobacteria exhibited light-independent NF at total salinity up to 60 g/l. The communities dominated by non-heterocystous cyanobacteria exhibited light-dependent NF in a range of 55–100 g/l, but it was significantly suppressed at 100 g/l. At 160–200 g/l the dark heterotrophic NF was a prevailing process if communities didn't contain Euhalothece sp. At salt-saturating ranges above 350 g/l, light-dependent NF associated with the Euhalothece communities was detected. A statistically significant positive correlation between the NF and diurnal light intensity was found in all samples of communities dominated by non-heterocystous cyanobacteria in contrast to communities dominated by heterocystous cyanobacteria with insignificant correlation coefficients.
Hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) patients with self-reported allergies: do multiple allergies have an effect on outcome?
Authors: Ramos Nicholas , Gerhardt Michael , Banffy Michael 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMultiple self-reported allergies have been reported as a prognostic factor for outcome the following orthopedic procedures. This relationship has not yet been evaluated in a hip arthroscopy population. The purpose of this study is to identify associations between allergies and post-operative outcome scores in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). A retrospective review of surgically treated FAI patients at our institution was performed. Patient-reported allergies and 6-month and 1-year modified Harris Hip Scores (mHHS) were recorded. Bivariate analysis was performed evaluating association between allergies and post-operative mHHS. Multivariate regression was used to identify independent factors associated with post-operative mHHS while controlling for age, sex, BMI, psychiatric comorbidity, symptom duration, labral repair versus debridement, capsular management, chondral lesions and use of adjunct platelet rich plasma (PRP). Seventy patients were analysed. Average age was 30.7 years old (SD 8.96). A 52.9% were females. Twenty-six patients (37.1%) had reported allergies. At 6 months, bivariate analysis demonstrated no significant association between allergies and postop mHHS. This was true comparing patients with 0 versus 1 versus 2 versus 3 versus 5 allergies as separate groups (medians from 83.1 to 91.0, P = 0.60) as well as when combining patients with >2 allergies into one group (0 versus 1 versus 2–5 allergies) (medians 84.7, 83.1, 86.0, respectively, P = 0.328). At 1 year, this lack of association was more pronounced (0 versus 1 versus 2 versus 3 versus 5: medians from 87.0 to 93.5, P = 0.9265 and 0 versus 1 versus 2–5: medians 93.5, 91.7, 89.0, respectively, P = 0.6450). Linear regression demonstrated preop mHHS and age were significantly associated with 1-year mHHS (logit mHHS rate = 0.026 ± 0.008 per unit, P = 0.0014 for preop mHHS and logit mHHS rate=−0.061 ± 0.018 per year, P = 0.0010 for age). After controlling for age and preop mHHS, allergies were not associated with postop mHHS. Allergies demonstrated no association with post-operative outcome following surgical treatment of FAI.
Impact of BMI for clinical outcomes in Japanese breast cancer patients
Authors: Gondo Naomi , Sawaki Masataka , Hattori Masaya , Yoshimura Akiyo , Kotani Haruru , Adachi Yayoi , Kataoka Ayumi , Sugino Kayoko , Mori Makiko , Horisawa Nanae , Terada Mitsuo , Ozaki Yuri , Iwata Hiroji 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe relationship between the body mass index (BMI) at the time of breast cancer diagnosis and the prognosis of breast cancer patients has not yet been clarified. We investigated the impact of obesity for clinical outcomes in Japanese breast cancer patients.MethodsWomen with primary breast cancer operated between 2002 and 2014 were identified. All patients are categorized into four groups according to BMI. The range of BMI is &lt;18.5 kg/m2, from 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2, 25 to 29.9 kg/m2, &gt;30 kg/m2 in underweight, normal, overweight and obesity groups, respectively. The correlation between BMI and overall survival (OS), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were statistically analyzed.ResultsFrom the database of our institution, we identified 3223 patients. The median follow-up period was 57 months (1–149). We categorized 2257 (70.0%), 318 (9.9%), 545 (16.9%) and 103 (3.2%) patients into normal, underweight, overweight obesity groups respectively. There were189 patients (5.9%) deaths due to breast cancer recurrence (137 patients) and other disease (52 patients). Obesity groups was significantly high compared with normal groups for OS (adjusted HR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.38–4.28; P &lt; 0.001), BCSS (adjusted HR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.15–6.44; P = 0.02) and DFS (adjusted HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.11–3.02; P = 0.017) by multivariate analysis. Especially, OS (adjusted HR, 4.87; 95% CI, 2.15–11.04; P &lt; 0.001), BCSS (adjusted HR, 4.51; 95% CI, 1.52–13.34; P &lt; 0.001) and DFS (adjusted HR, 4.87; 95% CI, 1.02–4.89; P = 0.04) were statistically insignificant in postmenopausal ER-positive breast cancer patients.ConclusionObesity might be risk factor for OS, BCSS and DFS, especially postmenopausal ER-positive women.
The blank cheque and the cliff edge
Authors: Fowler Reg 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Recent English and Australian court decisions limit the scope of the operator’s authority to incur and charge costs to the joint venture to costs incurred in activities approved by the operating committee. Surprisingly, JOAs do not routinely address the liability of the operator arising from unapproved activities, even though such activities are foreseeable and sometimes difficult to avoid. Losses and liabilities incurred by the operator, including harm to the interests of the non-operators in such circumstances, are left to law and are unlikely to be covered by joint venture insurance.
Enhanced accumulation of gibberellins rendered rice seedlings sensitive to ammonium toxicity
Authors: Wang Baolan , Wei Haifang , Zhang Hui , Zhang Wen-Hao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) phytotoxicity is a worldwide phenomenon, but the primary toxic mechanisms are still controversial. In the present study, we investigated the physiological function of gibberellins (GAs) in the response of rice plants to NH4+ toxicity and polyamine accumulation using GA biosynthesis-related rice mutants. Exposure to NH4+ significantly decreased GA4 production in shoots of wild-type (WT) plants. Both exogenous GA application to the WT and increases in endogenous GA levels in eui1 mutants rendered them more sensitive to NH4+ toxicity. In contrast, growth of sd1 GA-deficient mutants was more tolerant to NH4+ toxicity than that of their WT counterparts. The role of polyamines in GA-mediated NH4+ toxicity was evaluated using WT rice plants and their GA-related mutants. The eui1 mutants with GA overproduction displayed a higher endogenous putrescine (Put) accumulation than WT plants, leading to an enhanced Put/[spermidine (Spd)+spermine (Spm)] ratio in their shoots. In contrast, mutation of the SD1 gene encoding a defective enzyme in GA biosynthesis resulted in a significant increase in Spd and Spm production, and reduction in the Put/(Spd+Spm) ratio when exposed to a high NH4+ medium. Exogenous application of Put exacerbated symptoms associated with NH4+ toxicity in rice shoots, while the symptoms were alleviated by an inhibitor of Put biosynthesis. These findings highlight the involvement of GAs in NH4+ toxicity, and that GA-induced Put accumulation is responsible for the increased sensitivity to NH4+ toxicity in rice plants.
The Great Recession as a ‘stress test’ of migrant incorporation in Europe. Are Southern European countries really lame ducks?
Authors: Ponzo Irene 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSouthern European countries are generally portrayed as lame ducks when it comes to migrant integration. In this article, I will analyse some of the reasons that have led to this outcome including potential biases in migration studies. I argue that Southern European countries in fact hold their own specific ways of incorporating migrants which may be equally or even more positive than those of older immigration countries. At the same time, I maintain that they appear rather heterogeneous in this regard, questioning the idea of a single Southern European model. I will test these hypotheses by comparing Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Greece with some Western European older immigration countries and by observing the trends of migrant incorporation during the Great Recession which started in 2008. The economic crisis is here regarded as both a factor of change and a ‘stress test’ of the actual robustness of migrant incorporation in the target countries. The empirical data are framed in a typology of migrant incorporation modes conceived of as a heuristic tool to conceptualise the processes occurring during deep economic downturns.
Multiple populations in globular clusters and their parent galaxies
Authors: Milone A P , Marino A F , Da Costa G S , Lagioia E P , D’Antona F , Goudfrooij P , Jerjen H , Massari D , Renzini A , Yong D , Baumgardt H , Cordoni G , Dondoglio E , Li C , Tailo M , Asa’d R , Ventura E M 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The ‘chromosome map’ diagram (ChM) proved a successful tool to identify and characterize multiple populations (MPs) in 59 Galactic globular clusters (GCs). Here, we construct ChMs for 11 GCs of both Magellanic Clouds (MCs) and with different ages to compare MPs in Galactic and extragalactic environments, and explore whether this phenomenon is universal through ‘place’ and ‘time’. MPs are detected in five clusters. The fractions of 1G stars, ranging from ∼50 per cent to &gt;80 per cent, are significantly higher than those observed in Galactic GCs with similar present-day masses. By considering both Galactic and MC clusters, the fraction of 1G stars exhibits: (i) a strong anticorrelation with the present-day mass, and (ii) with the present-day mass of 2G stars; (iii) a mild anticorrelation with 1G present-day mass. All Galactic clusters without MPs have initial masses smaller than ∼1.5 · 105 M⊙ but a mass threshold governing the occurrence of MPs seems challenged by massive simple-population MC GCs; (iv) Milky Way clusters with large perigalactic distances typically host larger fractions of 1G stars, but the difference disappears when we use initial cluster masses. These facts are consistent with a scenario where the stars lost by GCs mostly belong to the 1G. By exploiting recent work based on Gaia, half of the known Type II GCs appear clustered in a distinct region of the integral of motions space, thus suggesting a common progenitor galaxy. Except for these Type II GCs, we do not find any significant difference in the MPs between clusters associated with different progenitors.