bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decision making in adolescents: a multifaceted construct
Authors: Loureiro Rubens José 
Published: June 2020

Judging to make a decision amidst several possibilities that rise to risks, losses, gains and uncertainties is not a simple matter. In this process, the subject needs to verify the situation considering the alternatives that are made up of several elements, among them, the analysis of how much this decision will cost and what benefit it will have in response, and what the consequences will be in the long, medium and short term. In this sense, decision-making is associated with the deliberative and affective process that relates to multiple variables that are interconnected with the flow of information assimilated by the agent who is responsible for the judgment and the decision. This process is interdependent on the subject's structure with external stimuli. Thus, the individual's forces and social pressure are important elements to be considered for decision making. For the adolescent, this issue becomes even more important, as it is a phase of human development in which the person exhibits behaviors of risk and during this stage of life there is a process of maturation of the central nervous system, which are related to decision-making and motivational processes. Therefore, decision making among adolescents is a complex issue that in addition to biological factors are directly related to social and psychological elements, depends on a maturity in development, but can be impaired if stressful situations are constant stimuli in the lives of adolescents.
Social representations of the internet for the elderly
Authors: Castro Amanda , Vitali Marieli Mezari , Bousfield Andréa Barbará S , Camargo Brigido Vizeu 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Increase in Internet access by elderly people is a consequence of population ageing, even though a long way still lies ahead for their digital inclusion.
Objective: To describe the social representations of Internet among the elderly and to compare objectification and anchoring processes of elderly people with different levels in Internet usage.
Methods: Qualitative and quantitative study, with descriptive and comparative design, involving forty participants. Data collection occurred through different tools as follows: 1) associative network, analyzed by EVOC2000 and calculation of polarity 2) semi-structured interview, analyzed by Descending Hierarchical Classification with IRaMuTeQ and content analysis by Atlas TI and 3) characterization questionnaire and evaluation scale for digital inclusion level, with descriptive statistical analysis by SPSS software.
Results: Associative network analyzed 78 words and their polarity was slightly positive. Descending Hierarchical Classification analyzed 89.51% of the corpus, divided into three segments: Internet danger, difficulties in usage v. Internet options and practices; content analysis divided 505 occurrences into three categories: image, attitude and information.
Conclusion: Representations of elderly people with the highest use of Internet were undertaken by accessing hardware, apps and sites, anchored on an idea of the Internet as a means of retrieving information, leisure and interaction. Representations of the elderly with the lowest level of experience were undertaken by computer, based on a sociological perspective and marked by unfavorable attitudes.
Overweight and obesity: prevalence in children and adolescents in Northern Brazil
Authors: Farias Edson dos Santos , Moreira Katia Fernanda Alves , Santos Josivana Pontes dos , Gemelli Ivanice Fernandes Barcellos , Costa Gean Magalhães da , Souza Orivaldo Florêncio de 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease with a multifactorial etiology, brought about by a set of genetic, environmental and psychological factors. This may generate comorbidities that affect the quality of life and involve other risks to health.
Objective: To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school children and adolescents in Porto Velho - Rondônia, Brazil in the period 2013-2016.
Methods: This study included 4165 schoolchildren aged 9 to 18 years. The students were classified as overweight and obese, according to the z score of the body mass index (BMI) for age and calculated according the WHO AnthroPlus program. Subsequently, BMI for age was categorized according to the criteria proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO, 2007): overweight (? score z +1 ? z + 2) and obese (? score z +2). Prevalence calculations were performed using the SPSS version 20.0 program.
Results: Overall, the prevalence of overweight was 27.1%, being overweight 18.8% and obese 8.3%, in private schools 21.4% and 9.8%, public schools 17.0% and 7.2% respectively. The east zone predominated in both education networks 18.8% and 8.3% respectively. In males, the highest prevalence was at nine years old, 30.7% and 23.0%, and female, 24.3% and 13.8%.
Conclusion: The magnitude of the prevalence of overweight and obesity was high and worrying among schoolchildren and adolescents in the city of Porto Velho, which demonstrates the need for public health actions aimed at the family unit, regardless of the social segment.
Self- Reported morbidity in adults: population survey in Rio Branco, Brazil, 2007 – 2008
Authors: Bezerra Polyana Caroline de Lima , Opitz Simone Perufo , Koifman Rosalina Jorge , Monteiro Gina Torres Rego , Muniz Pascoal de Torres 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Epidemiological data allow to know the needs of the communities and can provide subsidies for planning and actions in the health services, hence, it is necessary to investigate illness and chronic non-communicable diseases in the population of interest.
Objective: The objectives of this study are to describe and verify the association between the most prevalent self-reported morbidities in adults regarding the characteristics: socioeconomic, demographic and lifestyle.
Methods: This is a population-based survey conducted with adults (?18 years of age), living in Rio Branco, Acre State, Brazil, during the period 2007/2008. The sample consisted of 1516 individuals, from a probabilistic sampling in two stages of a draw.
Results: The most prevalent self-reported morbidity was spine/back disease with a percentage of 30.8%, followed by hypertension (28.3%), malaria (28.3%) and depression (18.7%). Regarding socioeconomic and demographic aspects, the most prevalent characteristics were: female gender and low level of formal education, with statistical significance. As for life habits, the most common characteristics with statistical significance were: smoking and physical inactivity.
Conclusion: In view of the scarcity of studies of this nature in the North region of Brazil, and especially in the State of Acre, the results regarding the most prevalent self-reported morbidities in the adult population of Rio Branco are of fundamental importance, to alert researchers and health professionals. This contributes to a better adaptation and/or implementation of public strategies for promotion, protection and health assistance.
Lipid profile in people with Down Syndrome: a literature review
Authors: Almeida Eloise Werle de , Greguol Márcia 
Published: June 2020

People with Down syndrome (DS) may present changes in the lipid profile. The objective of this research was to collect data from the literature on the lipid profile and the effect of exercise on this variable of people with DS. Five databases were searched (MedLine, Lilacs, EBSCO Host, Web of Science and PsycInfo) using terms related to the research objectives. At the end of the searches, 15 articles were included in the review. Five studies verified changes in the lipid profile and high incidence of dyslipidemias, with the most frequent changes being low HDL and elevated triglycerides. Two studies investigated the effect of intervention with exercise and counseling for health-friendly practices and found improvement mainly in HDL after the intervention period. Thus, the lipid profile should be investigated in people with DS and the practice of physical exercises can be used to control these variables.
Efficient Management of Farm Resources and Food Consumption Level of Pond Fishers in North-Central Bangladesh
Authors: Quddus Md. Abdul , Rahman Khondakar Md. Mostafizur , Sen Shishir Kumar , Shama Md. Abu 
Published: June 2020

Aims: The study was conducted to assess the efficient management of farm resources of pond fish farmers and level of their household food consumption in order to deal with sustainable development of pond culture system and food security issue.
Study Design: Three unions out of 9 in Melandah upazila of Jamalpur district were selected, as a large number of ponds are available. Sixty fish farmers were randomly selected from the population of 200. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire during January to March 2017.
Methods: Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function and technical inefficiency effect model were used to assess efficient management of farm resources. Also, multiple regression models in double-log forms were employed to determine the factors influencing households’ per capita food consumption, calorie intake and protein intake.
Results: Gross return and net profit were $8,081 and $2,262 respectively and cost benefit ratio was 1.39. Technical inefficiency estimates show that farmers’ education (0.0009) and training (0.0042) had insignificant but positive sign for fish production. Experience (-0.0083) and culture period (-0.0054) had significant and negative sign and age of farmers has insignificant negative sign indicated that technical efficiency increased with the increase in experience and fish culture period. The mean efficiency was 0.92 in fish farming indicates 8% of fish production could be increased with the existing resources and available technology. Per capita per day food consumption was 1288.36 g, calorie intake 2592.23 k. calorie and protein intake 84.27 gram.
Conclusion: A linkage between Upazila Fisheries Officer, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, fisheries extension workers and pond fish farmers should be established. Calorie and protein intake of the farm households is higher due to increase of food sufficiency of the country and buying capacity of the farmers but the nutritional wellbeing of them is still low.
The Role of Financial Inclusion in Women Entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises: Evidence from South Western Nigeria
Authors: Florence Oyebamiji, Funmilola 
Published: June 2020

The study examines the role of financial inclusion in women entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) with particular reference to southwestern Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was employed to select 120 respondents from Lagos, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Osogbo, Akure and Ado-Ekiti. A structured questionnaire designed for the study was used to collect data. Data analysis was performed with helps of mean, frequency, and simple percentages. The result shows that contribution, cooperative society, family and friends, and non- governmental organizations are the main sources of finance of women entrepreneurs in SMEs, while only a few financial products being offered by financial institutions are known to women entrepreneurs in SMEs. Therefore, the study recommends that women entrepreneurs in SMEs should be sensitized about the availability of financial products/services being offered by financial institutions, relaxing the conditions attached to loans, reduction of interest rate, and bring internet banking closer to the people especially women entrepreneurs in rural areas.
Recurrence of Falciparum Malaria under Coartem Treatment in the City of Mâncio Lima, Acre, Brazil: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Schlosser Andreus Roberto , Mantovani Saulo Augusto Silva , Arruda Rayanne Alves de , Araújo Felipe Monteiro de , Nogueira Rudi , Braga Cássio Braga e , Andrade Breno Wilson Benevides , Souza Mardelson Nery de , Pereira Thasciany Moraes , Martins Antonio Camargo , Lima Luiz Fernando Melo , Silva-Nunes Mônica da 
Published: June 2020

Background: Malaria remains a health problem in the Amazon and since 2005 the state of Acre has high incidence of malaria. Treatment with Coartem® for cases of falciparum malaria was introduced in Acre in August 2012. In Brazil, there is still no published study on the effectiveness of Coartem in endemic areas.
Methods: This study was conducted in Mâncio Lima, Acre, in the western Brazilian Amazon region. All malaria cases notified in Mâncio Lima between August 01st, 2012 and October 31st, 2013 were revised. The therapeutic response to Coartem in Mâncio Lima, Acre, was evaluated. A recurrence of falciparum malaria was defined as a malaria case occurring in the same patient in a maximum interval of 40 days between the day treatments was started and the day the next diagnosis was made.
Results: All malaria cases (7,171) notified between August 2012 and July 2013 were revised. About 23.72% (n = 1,701) were falciparum malaria. There were six cases of recurrent falciparum malaria that can be classified as treatment failure. All cases had low parasitemia. The minimum and maximum interval between the first and the recurrent malaria episode was 17 days and 33 days. Age range was 9 to 50 years. Two patients were from rural areas, while all others were from riverine areas.
Conclusion: Possible failure to Coartem treatment was identified, however causes are not clear. Further studies are needed.
Diversity and Distribution of Vascular Epiphytic Flora in Sub-temperate Forests of Darjeeling Himalaya, India
Authors: Rai Preshina , Moktan Saurav 
Published: June 2020

Aims: This communication deals with the diversity and distribution including host species distribution of vascular epiphytes also reflecting its phenological observations.
Study Design: Random field survey was carried out in the study site to identify and record the taxa. Host species was identified and vascular epiphytes were noted.
Study Site and Duration: The study was conducted in the sub-temperate forests of Darjeeling Himalaya which is a part of the eastern Himalaya hotspot. The zone extends between 1200 to 1850 m amsl representing the amalgamation of both sub-tropical and temperate vegetation. The study was conducted during the year 2018-2019.
Methodology: Process of random sampling collection was followed. Host trees with CBH >30 cm were identified and percentage of distribution of epiphytes in the host tree was analyzed and divided into two zones depending on the abundance of epiphytes. Data for the epiphytic plant specimens were collected in the field. Exsiccates were made with the collected voucher specimens and were deposited at the Calcutta University Herbarium (CUH) following the conventional methodology. Study on the taxa are based on their host tree distribution, micro-habitat and phenological status. The location and altitude of the study sites were recorded by global positioning system.
Results: A total number of 115 species under 70 genera and 31 families have been identified with 65% other vascular angiosperms (basal angiosperms and eudicots) and 16% monocots. Orchidaceae among the monocots represented 36% with 41 species and 18 genera. Ferns and lycophytes include 25% of the diversity with 29 taxa under 6 families. Most favorable host trees were Ficus auriculata Lour., Ficus neriifolia Sm., Saurauia nepalensis DC., Erythrina variegata L., Macaranga denticulata (Blume) Müll. Arg., Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L.f.) D. Don and Engelhardia spicata Lechen ex Blume.
Conclusion: The other vascular angiosperms preferred wet monsoon for flowering whereas spring season was most favourable for Orchidaceae. Although a healthy number of vascular epiphytes have been identified, a number of threats are still prevailing in the regions which are mostly anthropogenic. Proper collaborative strategies have to be maintained for its conservation.
Aflatoxins and Moisture Levels in Edible Oils Produced in Burkina Faso
Authors: Zio Souleymane , Dembele Isaac , Bazoin Bazié Raoul Sylvain , Tankoano Abel , Tapsoba François , Hama-Ba Fatoumata , Songre-Ouattara Laurencia Toulsoumdé , Nikiéma Fulbert , Elothmani Driss , Traoré Yves , Savadogo Aly 
Published: June 2020

Aim: The study aim was to assess aflatoxin and moisture levels in edible oils produced and consumed in Burkina Faso to know the impact on consumer health.
Methodology: A total of 61 samples of refined cottonseeds oils and crude peanut oils were collected from Ouagadougou, Bobo Dioulasso and surrounding areas. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) and aflatoxin G2 (AFG2) were determined by HPLC and moisture by differential weighing after oven drying.
Results: The moisture content of peanut oils were ranged from 0.06 to 0.18% and cottonseeds oils from 0.02 to 0.17%. The moisture average is 0.13% for peanut oils and 0.08% for cottonseeds oils (P<0.05). The moisture of all oils is lower and conform to the Codex Alimentarius standard. AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 were identified in 86.89% of the oil samples analyzed. The proportion of samples contaminated with AFB1 is 57.38%, 59.02% for AFB2, 42.62% for AFG1 and 65.57% for AFG2. The AFB1 average of peanut oils is 6.21 ng/g while that of cottonseeds oils is 0.03 ng/g. The AFB2 average of peanut oils is 0.89 ng/g against 0.04 ng/g for cottonseeds oils (P<0.05). The AFG1 average of peanut oils is 0.54 ng/g and 0.08 ng/g for cottonseeds oils (P<0.05). The AFG2 average of peanut oils was 0.66 ng/g against 0.64 ng/g for cottonseeds oils. AFG2 had the highest proportion of all oils while AFB1 has the highest concentration and proportion in peanut oils. The 72.13% samples analyzed in this study comply with the European Community standard for aflatoxin B1 level maximum in oilseeds.
Conclusion: Aside from the moisture content that comply with the standard, aflatoxins are present at varying levels and can negatively impact the consumer health. It is important to strengthen the monitoring and production system in order to have quality oil.
Prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder among School-age Adolescent
Authors: Astitene Khalid , Aguenaou Hassan , Lahlou Laila , Barkat Amina 
Published: June 2020

Aim: After a traumatic event, the person can develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence of PTSD in adolescents in public middle schools of the prefecture of Salé in Morocco and study anxiety and depression which are the comorbid disorders of the PTSD. The survey was carried out from March to June 2017.
Methods: 523 students were selected by the cross-sectional method from fifteen schools that were randomly selected, the age of the students vary between 12 and 17 years. For the survey, standardized questionnaires (the socio-demographic data, the Life Events Checklist, the CPTS-RI (Children's Post Traumatic Stress Reaction Index), the STAIY (State Trait Inventory Anxiety Form Y) and the CDI (Children Depression Inventory) were used which were filled in by the students.
Results: The prevalence of PTSD was 70.4% in the students who have PTSD. We found that the prevalence in boys was 46.74%, while in girls it was 53.26%. In addition to that, 81% of students found to be anxious and 51.8% of students have depression.
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of post traumatic stress disorder among adolescents, there are practical implications for the support and care of these adolescents.
Growth and Physiological Responses of Vegetable Crops to Water Deficit Stress
Authors: Vashi Henil D. , Patel Prutha P. , Bardhan Kirti 
Published: June 2020

Future climate change scenarios have become a major threat and limitation for global food production. The rise in greenhouse gases and temperature throughout the globe has caused perturbance in the natural seasonal cycles. This causes a threat to nutritional and calorific food security for the ever-increasing population in the South Asian Countries. Reduction in the amounts of rainfall in the tropics and subtropics has increased the occurrence of drought leading to more frequent water stress affecting the production of crops, including vegetables, which are predominantly grown in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. India is the second-largest producer of vegetables in the world and heavy consumer of vegetables. The mini-review focused on drought stress effects on the vegetable production and photosynthesis, transpiration, water uptake and other metabolic and developmental processes. Grafting, breeding, cultural and biotechnological strategies are used to combat drought stress and will be used in the future to ease the harmful effects of drought stress.
Class of Degree and Postgraduate Students’ Performance in a Nigerian University
Authors: Oluwatayo Osakuade Joseph , Tayo-Olajubutu Olufunmilayo , Emmanuel Akinduyo Tosin 
Published: June 2020

Aims: University education remains the engine tower of development in any country. In the realization of this, goals of university education and strategies to achieve them were clearly spelt out in the Nigeria National Policy on Education. Some employers of labour have been lamenting on the poor quality of Nigerian graduates despite that some of them came out with good grades. Class of degree speaks volume in the employment and admission criteria of this country. The thrust of this paper therefore is to examine the influence of class of degree on postgraduate students’ performance.
Study Design: The study adopted descriptive research design of the survey type.
Place and Duration of Study: The population comprised all the entire masters’ students that graduated from Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria between 2015/2016 and 2018/2019 sessions.
Methodology: Proportional stratified random sampling technique was used to select one hundred and eighty nine (189) masters’ graduates from the six faculties of the university. Simple percentage, bar chart and Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis.
Results: Finding showed that: (i) There is no significant difference in the performance of postgraduate students in course work based on class of degrees (F2,1860.05 = 0.527, p = 0.492 >0.05). (ii) There is no significant difference in the performance of postgraduate students in dissertation based on class of degrees (F2,1860.05 = 2.697, p = 0.070 >0.05).
Conclusion: Class of degree at undergraduate level has nothing to do with postgraduate students’ performance at postgraduate level. It was recommended that class of degree at undergraduate level should not be solely used to select candidates for admission into postgraduate programmes. Multiple measures should be adopted.
Advanced Materials for Future Lunar Extravehicular Activity Space Suit
Authors: Weiss Peter , Mohamed Makthoum Peer , Gobert Thibaud , Chouard Yann , Singh Nisheet , Chalal Theo , Schmied Sibylle , Schweins Matthias , Stegmaier Thomas , Gresser Götz T. , Groemer Gernot , Sejkora Nina , Das Shumit , Rampini Riccardo , Hołyńska Małgorzata 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis review focuses on advanced materials already used and suitable for application in (future) lunar extravehicular activity space suits. A historical and current literature/market survey is presented. Different functional layers of an astronaut garment are defined with emphasis on the external layers subjected to abrasive action of lunar regolith and degradation via exposure to space radiation/vacuum environment. Requirements are defined that would need to be fulfilled by these layers and suitable materials candidates are reviewed based on their key properties, including mechanical durability. Smart materials, combining additional functionalities, such as garment health monitoring, are also considered. The lead topic is the subject of an ongoing ESA‐funded research activity.