bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term Remission of AIDS-related Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma in a Patient Under Antiretroviral Therapy: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Gijs Pieter-Jan , Clerc Olivier 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related primary central nervous system lymphoma is an AIDS-defining disease that usually occurs when the CD4 count is less than 50 cells/ml. The frequency of the disease has substantially decreased in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Prognosis is poor with rapid progression leading to death within 2-3 months if left untreated.Case description: a 65 years old male presented to medical attention with gait disturbance, weight loss and slight left-sided hemiparesis. Human immunodeficiency virus infection was diagnosed with an initial CD4 count of 116 cells/ml and a viral load of 260’000 copies/ml. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed three brain lesions involving the right frontal lobe and the left parietal lobe, which on biopsy led to a diagnosis of AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma. HAART was initiated with whole-brain radiotherapy, and the patient declined systemic chemotherapy. Due to poor performance status, he was transferred to palliative care. Under HAART, he slowly recovered with normalization of CD4 count and undetectable viral load. Medical imaging showed complete remission of the brain lesions. At 3-year follow-up, the patient remains in complete remission, but presented mild neurocognitive dysfunction possibly secondary to whole-brain radiotherapy.Conclusion: Nowadays, treatment paradigm parallels that of primary central nervous system lymphoma in the immunocompetent population based on systemic chemotherapy (primarily high-dose intravenous methotrexate and steroids) in association with HAART. The role of whole-brain radiotherapy is questionable because of late neurotoxic effects.
Sexual Behaviour Problems : Current State of Knowledge and Representations by Medico-Social Professionals in France
Authors: Simon Charlie , Ulrich Morgane , Oriez Baptiste , Demonte Charlotte , Horrach Pierre , Ligier Fabienne 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThere are no studies identified that address professionals' knowledge of sexual behaviour problems in children aged 0-12 years. However, it seems essential for child professionals to be able to identify the healthy or pathological nature of sexual behaviour.Case presentationWe proposed a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative observational study using anonymous questionnaires distributed to medico-social professionals in France. They were questioned on their knowledge of normal sexual development, risk factors for developing sexual behaviour problems, and the future of minors presenting these behaviours.Conclusions﻿Among the 93 respondents whose questionnaires were usable, there were 12 men and 81 women. The majority of respondents didn’t know the age at which psychosexual and emotional child development begins (73.1%) or didn’t know the age limits for sexual behaviour problems (95.7%). Very often, these professionals represented children with sexual behaviour problems as "children who have been abused" (81.72% of respondents) and/or who "will become child perpetrators of sexual violence" (70.87% of respondents). All these answers highlight the lack of training of these professionals, at the risk of proposing a reply that is not adapted to children with these disorders. So, it seems essential to offer more systematic and adapted courses to professionals who take care of minors in institutions.
HMMR Functions as a Prognostic Biomarker in Uterine Carcinosarcoma Identified by Comprehensive Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Sun Hui , Ma Li , Chen Jie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundUterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) is a rare aggressive tumor with a high metastasis rate and poor prognosis. Bioinformatics analysis has been widely applied to screen and analyze genes in linkage to various types of cancer progression. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of UCS. MethodsFirst, transcriptional different expression data between UCS and normal samples were got from the GEPIA database. Subsequently, differentially expressed genes were analyzed through the Metascape with Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Then, the STRING website and Cytoscape software were applied to construct the protein-protein interaction network. Finally, the top 30 genes obtained through the MCC algorithm were selected as hub genes, which was finally validated in TIMER, and UALCAN databases. ResultsA total of 1894 DEGs (579 up-regulated and 1315 down-regulated) were identified, GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis were performed for the DEGs. The PPI network was constructed based on DEGs, and four clusters were excavated for further analysis and the top 30 genes were identified as hub genes. Our data showed that the expression of HMMR is significantly higher in UCS tissues compared to the paired normal tissues (p<0.05) and the elevated expression of HMMR is related to poor prognosis in patients with UCS (p= 0.0031). TPX2, AURKA, BRCA1 and BARD1 are essential for the function of HMMR. TPX2 and AURKA were found to be significantly higher in UCS compared to the normal tissue (p<0.05), and there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the expression of HMMR and AURKA, TPX2, BRCA1, BARD1 in UCS (p=1.08e-07, p=1.62e-05, p=2.02e-3, p=6.54e-6). Conclusions﻿Our study suggested that HMMR may be a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis of UCS patients.
Gender and Age Differences in Risk Factors of Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Early Gastric Cancer and Analysis Prognosis of Early Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Wang Jingjing , Meng Tao , Meng Tao , Chen Ke , Chen Ke , wang zhengguang , wang zhengguang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of gender and age differences in the risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients and analysis prognosis of patients of early gastric cancer (EGC). MethodsA total of 411 patients with EGC who underwent surgical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from 2011 to 2017 were included in this study and grouped according to gender and age. Retrospective analysis of the effects of gender and age on tumor size, histological type, depth of invasion, and ulcer type was performed, and differences in the clinicopathological characteristics of lymphovascular invasion were noted. Follow-up of the postoperative recurrence and metastasis of the patients and analysis of their prognosis were finally conducted. All follow-ups ended in August 2020. ResultThe participants in this study ranged in age from 25 years to 85 years (average, 60.27 ± 10.77 years). A total of 57 (13.9%) of the patients showed lymph node metastasis. Females accounted for 25.5% (105/411) while males accounted for 74.5% (306/411) of the study population. Patients aged ≤60 years accounted for 55.5% (228/411) while patients aged >60 years accounted for 44.5% (183/411) of the study population. Univariate analysis of male patients showed that tumor size, depth of tumor invasion, ulcerative tumors, and lymphovascular invasion are related to lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis of female patients showed that tumor size, depth of tumor invasion, tumor histology, and lymphovascular invasion are related to lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis of patients aged ≤60 years showed that depth of tumor invasion, ulcerative tumors, and lymphovascular invasion are related to lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Univariate analysis of patients aged >60 years showed that depth of tumor invasion, ulcerative tumors, and lymphovascular invasion are related to lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis of male patients, female patients, and patients aged ≤60 years showed that depth of tumor invasion is an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis of patients aged >60 years showed that depth of tumor invasion, ulcerative tumors, and lymphovascular invasion are independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis. ConclusionThe risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with EGC differed according to gender and age. The results provide a reference for choosing suitable treatment options for these patients.
Study of the Comparison of Endoscopic Closure and Laparoscopic Repair of Defect of Gastric Wall
Authors: Qiao Qiao , Tu Huiming , Fei Bojian , Xu Kebin , Yang Fan , Li Jie , Gao Qizhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: To make analysis on the curative effect on the technique of endoscopic closure and laparoscopic closure, and explore the effect and safety of acute perforation of the endoscopic closure technique. Methods: Analysis on the 40 therapeutic cases of laparoscopic repair and endoscopic closure treatments, respectively, to submucosal tumours (SMT) of the stomach removed through ESE/EFR. According to the double-sample t-test, the differences of operation time and medical expenses between the two closure methods were compared and analyzed. And used the chi-square test to compare the difference in terms of operational difficulty and effects. Results: Postoperative pathology of 76 therapeutic cases operated through ESE and EFR was diagnosed as mesenchymal tumor and 4 cases as leiomyoma, among which 34 cases were in fundus ventriculi, 30 in corpus ventriculi and 16 in antrum. Endoscopic closure is significantly lower than laparoscopic closure in operation time span (endoscopic closure VS laparoscopic repair 74.70±23.55min vs 178.35±38.98min, p < 0.001) , medical expenses (endoscopic closure VS laparoscopic repair 28463.55±8228.96rmb vs 61848.75±8812.12rmb, p < 0.001) and inpatient days (endoscopic closure VS laparoscopic repair 10.50±3.49days vs. 16.95±4.58days, P < 0.01), while there is no significant difference in terms of technical difficulty and effects (P > 0.05). Conclusion: With the training and technical progress of endoscopic closure, it is safe, effective and quick in recovery to have non-laparoscopic assisted surgery on gastric wall closure.
Temperature Sensation in Parkinson’s Disease Measured by Quantitative Sensory Testing
Authors: Kaiserova Michaela , Grambalova Zuzana , Otruba Pavel , Janova Anetta , Zapletalova Jana , Mensikova Katerina , Kanovsky Petr 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe pathophysiology of abnormal temperature sensation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear. Abnormal thermal detection does not seem to depend on the dopaminergic deficit, suggesting that other systems play a role in these changes, probably both central and peripheral.MethodsWe measured thermal detection thresholds (TDT) using quantitative sensory testing (QST) in 28 patients with PD and compared them with 15 healthy controls.ResultsOf 28 patients, 21 % had increased TDT according to the normative data. TDT were higher on the dominant side. No correlation between TDT and disease duration, severity of motor impairment, and dopaminergic therapy was observed. 50 % of the patients had difficulty differentiating between warm and cold stimuli, as TDT were within the normal range in most of these patients.ConclusionsThese results suggest that abnormal thermal detection may be present from early stages of the disease and is more pronounced on the dominant side. Abnormal differentiation between the thermal stimuli suggest impaired central processing of thermal information.
Chronic Hypoperfusion is not Associated with Cerebral Amyloidosis
Authors: Fan Dong-Yu , Li Hui-Yun , Chen Dong-Wan , Chen Yang , Yi Xu , Yang Heng , Shi Qian-Qian , Jiao Fang-Yang , Tang Yi , Li Qi-Ming , Wang Fang-Yang , Wang Shu-Nan , Jin Rong-Bing , Zeng Fan , Wang Yan-Jiang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Insufficient cerebral perfusion is suggested to play a role in the development of AD. We investigated the effect of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on AD-related pathology, including β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and brain atrophy in humans. Methods We enrolled 10 cognitively normal patients (median age: 64 years old) with unilateral chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Volumes of interest (VOIs) and regions of interest (ROIs) with the most pronounced hypoperfusion changes were created in the hypoperfused region, and were then mirrored into the contralateral hemisphere to create a control region with normal perfusion respectively.11C-Pittsburgh compound-PET (PiB-PET) imaging standard uptake ratios (SUVRs) and several brain atrophy indices from the CT images of each patient were calculated. Results We found that there were no differences in SUVRs of PiB-PET imaging and brain atrophy indices between the hypoperfused regions and contralateral normally-perfused regions. Conclusion Our findings suggest that chronic hypoperfusion may not directly induce cerebral Aβ deposition and neurodegeneration in humans.
Structural and Functional Analysis of Tomato Sterol C22 Desaturase
Authors: Gutiérrez-García Laura , Arró Montserrat , Altabella Teresa , Ferrer Albert , Boronat Albert 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Sterols are essential components of eukaryotic cells that modulate membrane biophysical properties and function. Plants produce a complex mixture of sterols, among which β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, and cholesterol in some Solanaceae, are the most abundant species. Many reports have shown that the stigmasterol to β-sitosterol ratio changes during plant development and in response to stresses, suggesting that it may play a role in the regulation of these processes. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), changes in the stigmasterol to β-sitosterol ratio correlate with the induction of the only gene encoding sterol C22-desaturase (C22DES), the enzyme specifically involved in the conversion of β-sitosterol to stigmasterol. However, despite the biological interest of this enzyme, there is still a lack of knowledge about several relevant aspects related to its structure and function.Results: In this study we report the subcellular localization of tomato C22DES in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) based on confocal fluorescence microscopy and cell fractionation analyses. Modeling studies have also revealed that C22DES consists of two well-differentiated domains: a single N-terminal transmembrane-helix domain (TMH) anchored in the ER-membrane and a globular (or catalytic) domain that is oriented towards the cytosol. Although TMH is sufficient for the targeting and retention of the enzyme in the ER, the globular domain may also interact and be retained in the ER in the absence of the N-terminal transmembrane domain. The observation that a truncated version of C22DES lacking the TMH is enzymatically inactive revealed that the N-terminal membrane domain is essential for enzyme activity. The in silico analysis of the TMH region of plant C22DES revealed several structural features that could be involved in substrate recognition and binding.Conclusions: Overall, this study contributes to expand the current knowledge on the structure and function of plant C22DES and to unveil novel aspects related with plant sterol metabolism.
Placental Pathology of the Third Trimester Pregnant Women from COVID-19
Authors: Gao Likun , Ren Jiacai , Xu Li , Ke Xiaokang , Xiong Lin , Tian Xiaoli , Fan Cuifang , Yan Honglin , Yuan Jingping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aims: To explore the clinical characteristics and placental pathological changes of pregnant women with 2019 novel coronavirus (CoV) disease (COVID-19) in the third trimester, and to assess the possibility of vertical transmission.Methods and results: The placenta tissues were evaluated by using immunohistochemistry for inflammatory cells and Hofbauer cells, and using severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) CoV-2 RNA Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization (FISH) and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein immunoﬂuorescence (IF) double staining. All Eight placentas from the third trimester pregnancy women were studied. all patients were cured, no clinical or serological evidence pointed to vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Features of maternal vascular malperfusion (MVM) such as increased syncytial knots were present in all 8 cases (8/8), and increased focal perivillous fibrin depositions were presented in 7 cases (7/8). No significate inflammatory cell reaction was noted in the placenta. The number of macrophages and inflammatory cells such as T cells, B cells and plasma cells in the placental villous was not significantly increased in all cases. Moreover, all of eight cases demonstrated negative results by FISH using a SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA probe and by IF using a monoclonal antibody against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Conclusions: We found no evidence of vertical transmission and adverse maternal-fetal outcomes in the placentas of third trimester COVID-19 pregnancy women, which provided further information for the clinical management of those women in the third trimester. However, further studies are still needed for patients with infections in different stage of gestation, especially in first and second trimester.
Birthweight DNA&nbsp;Methylation Signatures in Infant Saliva&nbsp;
Authors: Moccia Chiara , Popovic Maja , Isaevska Elena , Fiano Valentina , Trevisan Morena , Rusconi Franca , Polidoro Silvia , Richiardi Lorenzo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Low birthweight has been repeatedly associated with long-term adverse health outcomes and many non-communicable diseases. Our aim was to investigate whether cord blood birthweight-associated CpG sites identified by the PACE Consortium replicate in infant saliva, and to explore saliva-specific DNA methylation signatures of birthweight. Methods DNA methylation was assessed using Infinium HumanMethylation450K array in 141 saliva samples collected from children of the NINFEA birth cohort at an average age of 10.8 (range 7-17) months. The association analyses between birthweight and DNA methylation variations were carried out using robust linear regression models both in replication and exploratory EWAS analyses.Results None of the cord blood birthweight-associated CpGs identified by the PACE Consortium was replicated in infant saliva. In saliva EWAS analyses, birthweight as continuous variable was associated with DNA methylation variation in 44 CpG sites, while being born small for gestational age (SGA, lower 10th percentile of birthweight for gestational age according to WHO reference charts) was associated with DNA methylation variation in 44 CpGs (all false discovery rate p-values<0.05), with only one overlapping CpG between the two analyses. Despite no overlap with PACE results at the CpG level, two of the top saliva birthweight CpGs mapped at genes identified also by the PACE consortium (MACROD1 and RPTOR).Conclusion Our study provides an indication of the birthweight and SGA epigenetic salivary signatures in children around 10 months of age. DNA methylation signatures in cord blood may not be comparable with saliva DNA methylation signatures at about 10 months of age, suggesting that the birthweight epigenetic marks are likely time and tissue specific.
Facilitators and Barriers of Preconception Care in Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Admiraal Laura , Rosman Ageeth , Dolhain Radboud , West Rachel , Mulders Annemarie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Preconception care (PCC) is care prior to conception to optimize parental health, and health of the future child, through biomedical and behavioral changes. Providing PCC to all women with a wish to conceive will improve perinatal health. PCC is especially important for women with a chronic disease, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and rheumatic diseases (RD). However, at present PCC is not part of routine care for these women. The aim of this study is to identify facilitators and barriers on a patient and professional level regarding the provision of PCC in women with IBD and RD.Methods: A survey study among women with IBD and RD, their treating physicians as well as obstetric professionals was performed. Patients, visiting the outpatient clinic of a university medical center and a secondary hospital located in the Netherlands with a wish to conceive, pregnant women or those with a recent pregnancy (<1 year ago) and involved physicians and obstetric professionals were eligible. Results: A total of 71% of the IBD patients (n=22/31) and 35% of the RD patients (n=20/58) received a PCC consultation. PCC consultation was considered easy to enter, short in time and patients felt comfortable. Patients (71% IBD; 62% RD) preferred a personal PCC consultation with their disease specific specialist together with an obstetrician. Patients specifically wanted to receive information about the safety of medication use and disease activity following delivery. A total of 67% (n=31) of the included healthcare professionals agreed PCC was applicable to their patients. Main barrier to providing PCC was lack of time and unavailability of professionals. In total 41% (n=16) of obstetric professionals felt they had the knowledge and skills to provide PCC compared to 33% (n=1) and 75% (n=3) of gastroenterologists and rheumatologists, respectively. Conclusion: Facilitators and barriers have been reported both on a patient and healthcare professional level. Despite the positive attitude towards PCC on both levels, realization of PCC remains difficult. In the future, in order to facilitate optimal PCC to high risk patients as standard of care, it is necessary to remove these barriers. Trial Registration: not applicable.