bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A critical look at teacher development for English-Medium Instruction
Authors: Ploettner Joan Catherine 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Widespread incorporation of English Medium Instruction (EMI) in higher education has created the need for teacher development initiatives (EMITD) to prepare university lecturers whose first language is not English to teach their content subjects in English. The planning and implementation of such initiatives has frequently been assigned to university language services and the language specialists that collaborate with them. Existing research provides information regarding planned EMITD initiatives, yet there is little research exploring how planned programs are interpreted and implemented in interaction. Such information is vital for quality assessment and for ongoing development. This conversation analysis-informed case study contributes direct evidence regarding how a planned EMITD process is implemented in interaction. Video-recorded interactional data from an EMITD process at a Catalan university are analysed. Participation and notions of interdisciplinary collaboration frame analysis of negotiation sequences. The findings reflect significant modification of the originally planned collaborative process and the roles of participants and the co-construction of participation frameworks that do not support interdisciplinary collaboration. These findings suggest the importance of examining EMI training processes on a local level to better inform future EMITD initiatives and the need for development of training initiatives for EMI teacher trainer-mentors on the part of university language services.
Some inequalities for the numerical radius for Hilbert C*C^{*}-modules space operators
Authors: Shah Hosseini Mohsen , Omidvar Mohsen Erfanian , Moosavi Baharak , Moradi Hamid Reza 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We extend some numerical radius inequalities for adjointable operators on Hilbert

C
*

{C^{*}}

-modules.
A new refinement of a numerical radius inequality for some Hilbert space operators is given. More precisely, we prove that if

T
∈

ℬ
⁢

(
ℋ
)

{T\in\mathcal{B}(\mathcal{H})}

is an invertible operator, then

∥
T
∥

2

≤

∥
T
∥

2

+

1

∥

T

-
1

∥

2

2

≤

ω
⁢

(
T
)

.

\frac{\|T\|}{2}\leq\frac{\sqrt{\|T\|^{2}+\frac{1}{\|T^{-1}\|^{2}}}}{2}\leq%
\omega(T).
Chlorpyrifos and its metabolite modulates angiogenesis in the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo
Authors: Priyadarshini C. Swathi , Balaji Thotakura , Kumar Jyothi Ashok , Subramanian Manickam , Sundaramurthi Indumathi , Meera M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate insecticide, acaricide, and miticide used primarily to control foliage and soilborne insect pests on a variety of food and feed crops. Since trace amounts of these compounds are found in water and food products, they easily enter into the organ system unnoticed. In the same way, the compound or its metabolite gets transmitted from the parent to the embryo mainly through blood vessels. Since blood vessels form the major route of transport, it is pertinent to study the effect of these compounds during angiogenesis. The effect of CPF and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) on the angiogenesis of chick embryo was evaluated in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) using an ex vivo model.

Methods
Nine-day-old incubated eggs where inoculated with various doses of CPF and TCPy. After 48 h of incubation, the CAM layers were retrieved and analyzed using angiogenesis software to obtain the density of blood vessels. Histomorphometric studies were performed to measure the thickness of vessel walls. The expression of VEGF, VEGFR2, and N-cadherin genes responsible for angiogenesis were analyzed.

Results
The exposure to the parent compound CPF and its metabolite TCPy promoted angiogenesis in groups administered with lower concentration of the pesticide and its metabolite, whereas a decline in angiogenesis was observed at higher concentrations. These observations were made by analyzing the density, histomorphometry results, and semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results. The density, thickness, and lumen size of blood vessels in the groups with low concentration of CPF and TCPy were 28.34, 9 μm, and 30 μm, respectively, whereas in the groups with higher CPF and TCPy concentrations, they were 12, 3 μm, and 9 μm, respectively.

Conclusions
Hence, CPF and its metabolites interfere with angiogenesis in the CAM of chick embryos. Because of their estrogen-mimicking ability, pesticides are the prime etiological suspects of increasing alteration in blood vessel formation. These results may be of help in future studies on the effect of CPF in embryonic growth, wound healing, diabetes, and tumors.
Values of antioxidant activities (ABTS and DPPH) and ferric reducing and chelating powers of gamma-irradiated rosemary extract
Authors: Rezanejad Reza , Heidarieh Marzieh , Ojagh Seyed Mahdi , Rezaei Masoud , Raeisi Mojtaba , Alishahi Alireza 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of the various gamma dose irradiations on the antioxidant activity of rosemary PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) extract. The PBS extract of rosemary was irradiated with gamma rays at the doses of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kGy, and their antioxidant activities were investigated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), radical cation ABTS•+ (2,2-Azino-Bis (3-Ethylbenzthiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid), Diammonium Salt), ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP) and ferric chelating capacity using ferrozine. The scavenging activities of gamma irradiated rosemary were observed to be significantly higher at 30 and 40 kGy using both methods, DPPH and ABST. Also, the reducing power values of 30 kGy gamma irradiated rosemary were higher than that of non-irradiated (P < 0.05) and the other doses of irradiation could not make any significant difference in reducing power of non-irradiated rosemary. The gamma irradiation of rosemary (at 10–50 kGy), significantly increased the Fe2+ chelating activity compared to non-irradiated rosemary while increasing the absorbed doses reduced Fe2+ chelating activity in rosemary (P < 0.05). There is no significant difference in the rosemary irradiated with 10 kGy and 30 kGy. The gamma irradiated rosemary showed higher antioxidant activities at doses of 30 kGy (79.5 %) and 40 kGy (80 %) with DPPH method, while slightly lower activities were recorded at doses of 30 kGy (34.8 %) and 40 kGy (34.2 %) with ABTS test. Also, results indicate that the 30 kGy might be an effective dose with maximum enhancement in the antioxidant properties of the gamma irradiated rosemary.
Evaluation of Thermal Stability and Thermal Properties of Neem/Banyan Reinforced Hybrid Polymer Composite
Authors: Raja Thandavamoorthy , Anand Palanivel 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Thermal insulation materials are used to increase the efficiency of many structural and heat-resistant applications. A sawdust-filled alkali-treated Neem/Banyan hybrid composite is prepared and its behaviors of thermal stability, short-term heat resistance, thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity are examined by conducting Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and a thermal conductivity test. The hybrid composite is prepared by hand layup technique, using an epoxy matrix blended with sawdust as the matrix and varying the weight fraction of the Neem/Banyan fibers as reinforcement for fabrication of hybrid composites. The weight fractions of five composite samples of Neem/Banyan fibers are 90/45, 90/60, 45/45, 60/90, and 45/90 (in grams), respectively. The mass loss of fabricated composite laminates due to temperature has been investigated through TGA. Sample A gives an initial deformation from a mass of 11 mg to 10.9 mg at a 330°C temperature and a maximum working temperature of 427°C during mass at 25 % of hybrid composites. The material can withstand up to 25 % of the mass of the hybrid composite after this mass of 2.75 mg moves to degrade hybrid composites. Therefore, the percentage efficiency of the hybrid composite is 75 % of the mass, giving working conditions of hybrid composites.
Acute effects of insulin on skeletal muscle growth and differentiation genes in men with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Dhindsa Sandeep , Ghanim Husam , Green Kelly , Abuaysheh Sanaa , Batra Manav , Makdissi Antoine , Chaudhuri Ajay , Sandhu Sartaj , Dandona Paresh 
Published: October 2019

Aims
Insulin has anabolic effects on skeletal muscle. However, there is limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect in humans. We evaluated whether the skeletal muscle expression of satellite cell activator fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and muscle growth and differentiation factors are modulated acutely by insulin during euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC).

Design and methods
This is a secondary investigation and analysis of samples obtained from a previously completed trial investigating the effect of testosterone replacement in males with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and type 2 diabetes. Twenty men with type 2 diabetes underwent quadriceps muscle biopsies before and after 4 h of EHC.

Results
The infusion of insulin during EHC raised the expression of myogenic growth factors, myogenin (by 72 ± 20%) and myogenin differentiation protein (MyoD; by 81 ± 22%). Insulin reduced the expression of muscle hypertrophy suppressor, myogenic regulatory factor 4 (MRF4) by 34 ± 14%. In addition, there was an increase in expression of FGF receptor 2, but not FGF2, following EHC. The expression of myostatin did not change.

Conclusions
Insulin has an acute potent effect on expression of genes that can stimulate muscle differentiation and growth.
Ectopic Expression ofLitsea cubeba LcMADS20Modifies Silique Architecture
Authors: Jiao Yulian , Yin Hengfu , Chen Yicun , Gao Ming , Wu Liwen , Wang Yangdong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLitsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers. (mountain pepper, Lauraceae) is an important woody essential oil crop that produces fragrant oils in its fruits, especially in its peels. Identification of genes involved in the regulation of fruits and peel architecture is of economic significance for L. cubeba industry. It has been well known that the MADS-box genes are essential transcription factors that control flowers and fruits development. Here, we obtained 33 MADS-box genes first from the RNA-seq data in L. cubeba, and 27 of these genes were of the MIKC-type. LcMADS20, an AGAMOUS-like gene, was highly expressed in the developing stages of fruits, particularly at 85 days after full bloom. The ectopic expression of LcMADS20 in Arabidopsis resulted in not only curved leaves, early flowering and early full-opened inflorescences, but also shorter siliques and decreased percentage of peel thickness. Moreover, in the LcMADS20 transgenic Arabidopsis, the expression modes of several intrinsic ABC model class genes were influenced, among which the expression of FUL was significantly reduced and AP3, AG, and STK were significantly increased. This study systematically analyzed the MADS-box genes in L. cubeba at the transcriptional level and showed that LcMADS20 plays important roles in the regulation of fruit architecture.
The Genomic Basis for Short-Term Evolution of Environmental Adaptation in Maize
Authors: Wisser Randall J , Fang Zhou , Holland James B , Teixeira Juliana E C , Dougherty John , Weldekidan Teclemariam , de Leon Natalia , Flint-Garcia Sherry , Lauter Nick , Murray Seth C , Xu Wenwei , Hallauer Arnel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe geographical distribution of many crop species spans far beyond their centers of origin and the native range of their wild ancestors. Maize is exemplary of this adaptability, which has contributed to its agricultural...Understanding the evolutionary capacity of populations to adapt to novel environments is one of the major pursuits in genetics. Moreover, for plant breeding, maladaptation is the foremost barrier to capitalizing on intraspecific variation in order to develop new breeds for future climate scenarios in agriculture. Using a unique study design, we simultaneously dissected the population and quantitative genomic basis of short-term evolution in a tropical landrace of maize that was translocated to a temperate environment and phenotypically selected for adaptation in flowering time phenology. Underlying 10 generations of directional selection, which resulted in a 26-day mean decrease in female-flowering time, 60% of the heritable variation mapped to 14% of the genome, where, overall, alleles shifted in frequency beyond the boundaries of genetic drift in the expected direction given their flowering time effects. However, clustering these non-neutral alleles based on their profiles of frequency change revealed transient shifts underpinning a transition in genotype–phenotype relationships across generations. This was distinguished by initial reductions in the frequencies of few relatively large positive effect alleles and subsequent enrichment of many rare negative effect alleles, some of which appear to represent allelic series. With these genomic shifts, the population reached an adapted state while retaining 99% of the standing molecular marker variation in the founding population. Robust selection and association mapping tests highlighted several key genes driving the phenotypic response to selection. Our results reveal the evolutionary dynamics of a finite polygenic architecture conditioning a capacity for rapid environmental adaptation in maize.
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-GOVERNMENTS IN POST- SOVIET REPUBLICS
Authors: Chichinadze B 
Published: October 2019

The article analyzes the situation with local self-government in the former Soviet republics, the path that they followed after gaining independence, information has been given on the socio-economic situation in local governments. The activities and plans of the central authorities of these countries for the nearest future have also been given. The implemented effective policy should guarantee the real development of local selfgovernment of the former Soviet republics. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, one of the most acute problems in the post-socialist republics was the formation and strengthening of local self-government.The situation in the former Soviet states , from the point of view of the development of local self-government, is almost identical (except are the Baltic republics).
Treatment of Pediatric Glioblastoma with Combination Olaparib and Temozolomide Demonstrates 2-Year Durable Response
Authors: Valiakhmetova Andge , Gorelyshev Sergey , Konovalov Alexander , Trunin Yuri , Savateev Alexander , Kram David E. , Severson Eric , Hemmerich Amanda , Edgerly Claire , Duncan Daniel , Britt Nicholas , Huang Richard S.P. , Elvin Julia , Miller Vincent , Ross Jeffrey S. , Gay Laurie , McCorkle Joshua , Rankin Andrew , Erlich Rachel L. , Chudnovsky Yakov , Ramkissoon Shakti H. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

For pediatric patients with high-grade gliomas, standard-of-care treatment includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy; however, most patients ultimately succumb to their disease. With advances in genomic characterization of pediatric high-grade gliomas, the use of targeted therapies in combination with current treatment modalities offer the potential to improve survival in this patient population. In this report, we present the case of a 3-year-old girl with glioblastoma who continues to experience an exceptional and durable response (&gt;2 years) to the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib. Our patient presented with persistent and progressive seizure activity that upon workup was the result of a large heterogeneously enhancing, mixed cystic and solid mass in the left frontal-parietal-temporal region. Histopathologic analysis of resected tumor tissue confirmed the diagnosis of glioblastoma, and comprehensive genomic profiling demonstrated absence of any BRAF or H3F3A mutations. Genomic profiling, however, did reveal a probable germline heterozygous BRCA2 Lys3326Ter (K3226*) nonsense variant. After debulking surgery, the patient received standard-of-care treatment with radiation and temozolomide. Nine months later the PARP inhibitor olaparib was administered in combination with temozolomide for 16 cycles. This regimen was well tolerated by the patient and serial imaging showed reduction in tumor size. Since completion of the regimen, the patient remains neurologically intact with no evidence of tumor recurrence. To our knowledge, this represents the first case of a pediatric glioblastoma that maintains a durable response to a therapeutic strategy that included the PARP inhibitor olaparib and more generally highlights the potential clinical utility of incorporating these agents into the treatment of pediatric high-grade gliomas.

Key Points
Germline mutations detected in pediatric gliomas may represent a cancer predisposition syndrome. Integrating molecular testing into routine clinical care for pediatric patients with glioma is critical to identify therapeutic targets and patients with a cancer predisposition syndrome. Patients with glioma with defects in DNA repair pathway components (e.g., BRCA1/2) may show increased responsiveness to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Combining PARP inhibitors with temozolomide (standard-of-care treatment) revealed no adverse events or toxicities over the course of 18 months.
Fermi's Paradox and Restraint Orders: Why does no one respond?
Authors: Serpa Nilo 
Published: October 2019

<p>The persistent silence of cosmic immensity despite our efforts to communicate with possible extraterrestrial intelligences has reaffirmed an intriguing paradox in face of the logically estimated chances of intelligent life outside Earth. However, this paradox may not be exactly a contradiction, but an appearance arising from the reality of our universe. Bearing in mind that skepticism is a fundamental element of the scientific purpose, this paper describes the system of reasons why extraterrestrial contacts are very unlikely, even though intelligent life may be a relatively common fact everywhere.</p><p class="-1"><strong>Key words: </strong>Intelligent life, Fermi's Paradox, extraterrestrial contact</p><p class="-1">====================================================================</p><p>O persistente silêncio da imensidão cósmica a despeito dos nossos esforços de comunicação com possíveis inteligências extraterrestres tem reafirmado um intrigante paradoxo diante das chances logicamente estimadas de existência de vida inteligente fora da Terra. Entretanto, esse paradoxo pode não ser exatamente uma contradição, mas uma aparência decorrente da própria realidade do nosso universo. Tendo em mente que o ceticismo é um elemento fundamental da atitude científica, o presente artigo descreve o sistema de razões que tornam pouco provável um contato extraterrestre, mesmo que a vida inteligente seja um fato relativamente comum em toda parte.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave: </strong>Vida inteligente, Paradoxo de Fermi, contato extraterrestre</p><p class="-1"> </p>
Beyond Earthworm: Keeping the Promise
Authors: Johnson Caryl Erin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe founding of the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) vision was originally presented in U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1188 (U.S. Geological Survey [USGS], 1999), after many years of discussions and workshops, described in detail by Filson and Arabasz (2016). Much has been accomplished in the ensuing two decades. Disparate and sometimes divergent developments that had been previously explored at individual private and public universities were finally centralized with increased efficiency and coherency of effort. The stated mission of the ANSS is to “… provide accurate and timely data and information products for seismic events, including their effects on buildings and structures, employing modern monitoring methods and technologies.” In this article, an approach (xQuake) is proposed that does not interfere in any way with the mission of the National Earthquake Information Center and ANSS but instead restores much of the community focus and international collaboration that has been lost over the past two decades. xQuake uses an executable graph framework in a pipeline architecture; this framework can be seamlessly integrated into current ANSS quake monitoring systems. This new approach incorporates modern approaches to computer analytics, including multitopic Kafka exchange rings, cloud computing, a self-configuring phase associator, and machine learning. The xGraph system is free for noncommercial use, open source, hardware agnostic (Windows, Linux, Mac), with no requirement for commercial datastores.
Estrés laboral en trabajadores con alto riesgo intralaboral en una institución hospitalaria nivel 3 de Buga, Colombia
Authors: Martínez-Espinosa Olga M , Devia- Belalcazar Leidy J , Quenguán-Quenguán Luz M 
Published: October 2019

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia del estrés en trabajadores de una Institución Prestadora de Servicios de Salud nivel 3, identificados previamente como población en alto riesgo.
Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional, de corte transversal, realizado en 65 trabajadores de las áreas médica y administrativa en una empresa de salud de tercer nivel de Buga, Colombia. Se aplicó un cuestionario validado por el gobierno colombiano para la evaluación del estrés para tal fin. Se exploró la correlación entre el estrés y factores intralaborales asociados con riesgo alto y estrés.
Resultados: Se identificaron altos niveles fisiológicos de estrés en el 10,5% de los jefes profesionales y técnicos; no obstante, predominaron los niveles de riesgo bajos y muy bajos al evaluar específicamente síntomas comportamentales, intelectuales o psicoemocionales. Entre auxiliares y operarios, el 15,2% mostró síntomas fisiológicos asociados con riesgo alto, alcanzando en un 2,2% un nivel muy alto. Con respecto a los factores de riesgo debidos a factores psicosociales intralaborales, la totalidad de los participantes habían sido clasificados como en alto riesgo según un estudio realizado por la IPS en el año 2012.
Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio no muestran tendencias significativas vinculantes o causales, indicando que los factores de alto riesgo psicosocial no son determinantes de una alta prevalencia de estrés en estos trabajadores.
Agroquímicos y afectaciones a la salud de trabajadores agrícolas: Una revisión sistemática
Authors: Vásquez Venegas Carmen E , León Cortés Silvia G , González Baltazar Raquel 
Published: October 2019

Los agroquímicos han venido causando una serie de efectos a la salud de las personas y especial en los trabajadores que se encuentran laborando con este tipo de sustancias, el contacto a largo plazo puede ocasionar enfermedades de origen crónico a nivel de algunos órganos y sistemas.
Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura disponible al momento sobre esta temática.
Metodología: Se lo realizo mediante la búsqueda de artículos publicados en revistas científicas desde el año 2005, en especial aquellos que hacen referencia al daño del sistema nervioso y la población estudiada sea trabajadores agrícolas que se laboren en plantas agrícolas o productoras de fitosanitarios, se indagó acerca de los métodos que usaron para el diagnóstico y el tipo de síntomas encontrados.
Resultados: El objetivo principal de los profesionales que se dedican a la investigación de daños a la salud es no solo buscar los síntomas sino que se establezcan políticas, programas que ayuden con la prevención de enfermedades en especial aquellas derivadas del trabajo.
Conclusión: Toda investigación científica que ayude al diagnóstico temprano de enfermedades derivadas del trabajo, como también promocione la implantación de medidas preventivas ayudará el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida del trabajador