bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid detection of African swine fever virus using Cas12a-based portable paper diagnostics
Authors: Lu Shuhan , Li Fang , Chen Qiubing , Wu Jing , Duan Junyi , Lei Xinlin , Zhang Ying , Zhao Dongming , Bu Zhigao , Yin Hao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAfrican swine fever virus (ASFV) is a dsDNA virus responsible for a severe, highly contagious, and lethal disease affecting both domestic and wild pigs. ASFV has brought enormous economic loss to a number of countries, and effective vaccine and therapy are still lacking. Therefore, a rapid, sensitive, and field-deployable detection of ASFV is important for disease surveillance and control. Herein, we developed a Cas12a-mediated portable paper assay to rapidly and precisely detect ASFV. We identified a robust set of crRNAs that recognized the highly conserved region of essential ASFV genes. The Cas12a-mediated detection assay showed low tolerance for mismatch mutations, and no cross-reactivity against other common swine pathogens. We further developed a paper-based assay to allow instrument-free detection of ASFV. Specifically, we applied gold nanoparticle–antibody conjugate to engineer homemade strips and combined it with Cas12a-mediated ASFV detection. This portable paper, instrument-free diagnostics, faithfully detected ASFV in swine samples, showing comparable sensitivity to the traditionally instrument-dependent qPCR method. Taking together, we developed a highly sensitive, instant, and economic Cas12a-mediated paper diagnostics of ASFV, with a great application potential for monitoring ASFV in the field.
Identifying degradation patterns of lithium ion batteries from impedance spectroscopy using machine learning
Authors: Zhang Yunwei , Tang Qiaochu , Zhang Yao , Wang Jiabin , Stimming Ulrich , Lee Alpha A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractForecasting the state of health and remaining useful life of Li-ion batteries is an unsolved challenge that limits technologies such as consumer electronics and electric vehicles. Here, we build an accurate battery forecasting system by combining electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)—a real-time, non-invasive and information-rich measurement that is hitherto underused in battery diagnosis—with Gaussian process machine learning. Over 20,000 EIS spectra of commercial Li-ion batteries are collected at different states of health, states of charge and temperatures—the largest dataset to our knowledge of its kind. Our Gaussian process model takes the entire spectrum as input, without further feature engineering, and automatically determines which spectral features predict degradation. Our model accurately predicts the remaining useful life, even without complete knowledge of past operating conditions of the battery. Our results demonstrate the value of EIS signals in battery management systems.
Noradrenergic-dependent functions are associated with age-related locus coeruleus signal intensity differences
Authors: Liu Kathy Y. , Kievit Rogier A. , Tsvetanov Kamen A. , Betts Matthew J. , Düzel Emrah , Rowe James B. ,   Cam-CAN, Tyler Lorraine K. , Brayne Carol , Bullmore Edward T. , Calder Andrew C. , Cusack Rhodri , Dalgleish Tim , Duncan John , Henson Richard N. , Matthews Fiona E. , Marslen-Wilson William D. , Rowe James B. , Shafto Meredith A. , Campbell Karen , Cheung Teresa , Davis Simon , Geerligs Linda , Kievit Rogier , McCarrey Anna , Mustafa Abdur , Price Darren , Samu David , Taylor Jason R. , Treder Matthias , Tsvetanov Kamen A. , Belle Janna van , Williams Nitin , Bates Lauren , Emery Tina , Erzinçlioglu Sharon , Gadie Andrew , Gerbase Sofia , Georgieva Stanimira , Hanley Claire , Parkin Beth , Troy David , Auer Tibor , Correia Marta , Gao Lu , Green Emma , Henriques Rafael , Allen Jodie , Amery Gillian , Amunts Liana , Barcroft Anne , Castle Amanda , Dias Cheryl , Dowrick Jonathan , Fair Melissa , Fisher Hayley , Goulding Anna , Grewal Adarsh , Hale Geoff , Hilton Andrew , Johnson Frances , Johnston Patricia , Kavanagh-Williamson Thea , Kwasniewska Magdalena , McMinn Alison , Norman Kim , Penrose Jessica , Roby Fiona , Rowland Diane , Sargeant John , Squire Maggie , Stevens Beth , Stoddart Aldabra , Stone Cheryl , Thompson Tracy , Yazlik Ozlem , Barnes Dan , Dixon Marie , Hillman Jaya , Mitchell Joanne , Villis Laura , Howard Robert , Hämmerer Dorothea 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe locus coeruleus (LC), the origin of noradrenergic modulation of cognitive and behavioral function, may play an important role healthy ageing and in neurodegenerative conditions. We investigated the functional significance of age-related differences in mean normalized LC signal intensity values (LC-CR) in magnetization-transfer (MT) images from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam-CAN) cohort - an open-access, population-based dataset. Using structural equation modelling, we tested the pre-registered hypothesis that putatively noradrenergic (NA)-dependent functions would be more strongly associated with LC-CR in older versus younger adults. A unidimensional model (within which LC-CR related to a single factor representing all cognitive and behavioral measures) was a better fit with the data than the a priori two-factor model (within which LC-CR related to separate NA-dependent and NA-independent factors). Our findings support the concept that age-related reduction of LC structural integrity is associated with impaired cognitive and behavioral function.
Anomalous fractionation of mercury isotopes in the Late Archean atmosphere
Authors: Zerkle Aubrey L. , Yin Runsheng , Chen Chaoyue , Li Xiangdong , Izon Gareth J. , Grasby Stephen E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEarth’s surface underwent a dramatic transition ~2.3 billion years ago when atmospheric oxygen first accumulated during the Great Oxidation Event, but the detailed composition of the reducing early atmosphere is not well known. Here we develop mercury (Hg) stable isotopes as a proxy for paleoatmospheric chemistry and use Hg isotope data from 2.5 billion-year-old sedimentary rocks to examine changes in the Late Archean atmosphere immediately prior to the Great Oxidation Event. These sediments preserve evidence of strong photochemical transformations of mercury in the absence of molecular oxygen. In addition, these geochemical records combined with previously published multi-proxy data support a vital role for methane in Earth’s early atmosphere.
Organoid cultures from normal and cancer-prone human breast tissues preserve complex epithelial lineages
Authors: Rosenbluth Jennifer M. , Schackmann Ron C. J. , Gray G. Kenneth , Selfors Laura M. , Li Carman Man-Chung , Boedicker Mackenzie , Kuiken Hendrik J. , Richardson Andrea , Brock Jane , Garber Judy , Dillon Deborah , Sachs Norman , Clevers Hans , Brugge Joan S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRecently, organoid technology has been used to generate a large repository of breast cancer organoids. Here we present an extensive evaluation of the ability of organoid culture technology to preserve complex stem/progenitor and differentiated cell types via long-term propagation of normal human mammary tissues. Basal/stem and luminal progenitor cells can differentiate in culture to generate mature basal and luminal cell types, including ER+ cells that have been challenging to maintain in culture. Cells associated with increased cancer risk can also be propagated. Single-cell analyses of matched organoid cultures and native tissues by mass cytometry for 38 markers provide a higher resolution representation of the multiple mammary epithelial cell types in the organoids, and demonstrate that protein expression patterns of the tissue of origin can be preserved in culture. These studies indicate that organoid cultures provide a valuable platform for studies of mammary differentiation, transformation, and breast cancer risk.
Hydrogen-accelerated spontaneous microcracking in high-strength aluminium alloys
Authors: Tsuru Tomohito , Shimizu Kazuyuki , Yamaguchi Masatake , Itakura Mitsuhiro , Ebihara Kenichi , Bendo Artenis , Matsuda Kenji , Toda Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAluminium alloys are re-evaluated as most feasible way to satisfy the industrial needs of light-weight structural materials. However, unlike conventional structural metals such as iron and titanium, aluminium does not have easily accessible secondary phases, which means that aluminium-based alloys cannot be strengthened by harnessing multiple phases. This leaves age hardening as the only feasible strengthening approach. Highly concentrated precipitates generated by age hardening generally play a dominant role in shaping the mechanical properties of aluminium alloys. In such precipitates, it is commonly believed that the coherent interface between the matrix and precipitate does not contribute to crack initiation and embrittlement. Here, we show that this is not the case. We report an unexpected spontaneous fracture process associated with hydrogen embrittlement. The origin of this quasi-cleavage fracture involves hydrogen partitioning, which we comprehensively investigate through experiment, theory and first-principles calculations. Despite completely coherent interface, we show that the aluminium–precipitate interface is a more preferable trap site than void, dislocation and grain boundary. The cohesivity of the interface deteriorates significantly with increasing occupancy, while hydrogen atoms are stably trapped up to an extremely high occupancy over the possible trap site. Our insights indicate that controlling the hydrogen distribution plays a key role to design further high-strength and high-toughness aluminium alloys.
Models with environmental drivers offer a plausible mechanism for the rapid spread of infectious disease outbreaks in marine organisms
Authors: Aalto E. A. , Lafferty K. D. , Sokolow S. H. , Grewelle R. E. , Ben-Horin T. , Boch C. A. , Raimondi P. T. , Bograd S. J. , Hazen E. L. , Jacox M. G. , Micheli F. , De Leo G. A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe first signs of sea star wasting disease (SSWD) epidemic occurred in just few months in 2013 along the entire North American Pacific coast. Disease dynamics did not manifest as the typical travelling wave of reaction-diffusion epidemiological model, suggesting that other environmental factors might have played some role. To help explore how external factors might trigger disease, we built a coupled oceanographic-epidemiological model and contrasted three hypotheses on the influence of temperature on disease transmission and pathogenicity. Models that linked mortality to sea surface temperature gave patterns more consistent with observed data on sea star wasting disease, which suggests that environmental stress could explain why some marine diseases seem to spread so fast and have region-wide impacts on host populations.
Comparative effectiveness of branded vs. generic versions of antihypertensive, lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic substances: a population-wide cohort study
Authors: Tian Yuxi , Reichardt Berthold , Dunkler Daniela , Hronsky Milan , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C. , Bucsics Anna , Strohmaier Susanne , Heinze Georg 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGeneric medications offer substantial potential cost savings to health systems compared to their branded counterparts. In Europe and the US, they are only approved if they are bioequivalent to the respective originator product. Nevertheless, the lack of clinical outcomes is sometimes used as the reason for hesitancy in prescribing generics. We performed an observational retrospective study on 17 branded vs. generic pharmaceutical substances for the treatment of hypertension/heart failure, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus in a dataset of 9,413,620 insured persons, representing nearly the full population of Austria, from 2007 to 2012. We compared generic vs. branded medications using hazard ratios for all-cause death and major adverse cardiac and cardiovascular events (MACCE) as outcomes of interest. Using patient demographics, health characteristics from hospitalization records, and pharmacy records as covariates, we controlled for confounding in Cox models through inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using high-dimensional propensity scores. We observed that the unadjusted hazard ratios strongly favor generic drugs for all three pooled treatment indications (hypertension/heart failure, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus), but were attenuated towards unity with increasingly larger covariate sets used for confounding control. We found that after IPTW adjustment the generic formulation was associated with significantly fewer deaths in 10 of 17 investigated drugs, and with fewer MACCE in 11 of 17 investigated drugs. This result favoring generic drugs was also present in a number of sub-analyses based on gender, prior disease status, and treatment discontinuation. E-value sensitivity analyses suggested that only strong unmeasured confounding could fully explain away the observed results. In conclusion, generic medications were at least similar, and in some cases superior, to their branded counterparts regarding mortality and major cardiovascular events.
Induced osteogenic differentiation of human smooth muscle cells as a model of vascular calcification
Authors: Pustlauk Wera , Westhoff Timm H. , Claeys Luc , Roch Toralf , Geißler Sven , Babel Nina 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVascular calcification is a severe pathological event in the manifestation of atherosclerosis. Pathogenic triggers mediating osteogenic differentiation of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC) in humans remain insufficiently understood and are to a large extent investigated in animal models or cells derived thereof. Here, we describe anin vitromodel based on SMC derived from healthy and diseased humans that allows to comprehensively investigate vascular calcification mechanisms. Comparing the impact of the commonly used SMC culture media VascuLife, DMEM, and M199, cells were characterised by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, qPCR, and regarding their contractility and proliferative capacity. Irrespective of the arterial origin, the clinical background and the expansion medium used, all cells expressed typical molecular SMC marker while contractility varied between donors. Interestingly, the ability to induce an osteogenic differentiation strongly depended on the culture medium, with only SMC cultured in DMEM depositing calcified matrix upon osteogenic stimulation, which correlated with increased alkaline phosphatase activity, increased inorganic phosphate level and upregulation of osteogenic gene markers. Our optimized model is suitable for donor-oriented as well as broader screening of potential pathogenic mediators triggering vascular calcification. Translational studies aiming to identify and to evaluate therapeutic targets in a personalized fashion would be feasible.
In vitro dual (anticancer and antiviral) activity of the carotenoids produced by haloalkaliphilic archaeon Natrialba sp. M6
Authors: Hegazy Ghada E. , Abu-Serie Marwa M. , Abo-Elela Gehan M. , Ghozlan Hanan , Sabry Soraya A. , Soliman Nadia A. , Abdel-Fattah Yasser R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHalophilic archaea are a promising natural source of carotenoids. However, little information is available about the biological impacts of these archaeal metabolites. Here, carotenoids of Natrialba sp. M6, which was isolated from Wadi El-Natrun, were produced, purified and identified by Raman spectroscopy, GC-mass spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, LC–mass spectrometry and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The C50 carotenoid bacterioruberin was found to be the predominant compound. Because cancer and viral hepatitis are serious diseases, the anticancer, anti-HCV and anti-HBV potentials of these extracted carotenoids (pigments) were examined for the first time. In vitro results indicated that the caspase-mediated apoptotic anticancer effect of this pigment and its inhibitory efficacy against matrix metalloprotease 9 were significantly higher than those of 5-fluorouracil. Furthermore, the extracted pigment exhibited significantly stronger activity for eliminating HCV and HBV in infected human blood mononuclear cells than currently used drugs. This antiviral activity may be attributed to its inhibitory potential against HCV RNA and HBV DNA polymerases, which thereby suppresses HCV and HBV replication, as indicated by a high viral clearance % in the treated cells. These novel findings suggest that the C50 carotenoid of Natrialba sp. M6 can be used as an alternative source of natural metabolites that confer potent anticancer and antiviral activities.
Selective attention for affiliative and agonistic interactions of dominants and close affiliates in macaques
Authors: Schülke Oliver , Dumdey Natalie , Ostner Julia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMonitoring conspecifics is a crucial process in social learning and a building block of social cognition. Selective attention to social stimuli results from interactions of subject and stimulus characteristics with dominance rank often emerging as an important predictor. We extend previous research by providing as stimuli naturally occurring affiliative interactions between group members instead of pictorial or auditory representations of conflicts, and by extending to the affiliative relationship, i.e. social bond, between subject and stimulus instead of just their dominance relations. Our observational data on adult female rhesus macaques support the prediction that subjects pay more attention to affiliative interactions of others than to solitary controls. Exceedingly more attention was paid to conflicts unfolding in the group which can have more prompt and direct consequences than others’ friendly interactions. The valence of the stimulus (affiliative vs. agonistic) affected biases towards individuals dominant over the subject, but not the ubiquitous bias towards close affiliates of the subject. Keeping track of the whereabouts and interactions of key social partners has been proposed as a prerequisite for behavioral coordination among bonded partners. In groups of socially very active monkeys, social attention is gated by both social dominance and social bonding.
Transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes associated with high rates of egg production in chicken hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis
Authors: Mishra Shailendra Kumar , Chen Binlong , Zhu Qing , Xu Zhongxian , Ning Chunyou , Yin Huadong , Wang Yan , Zhao Xiaoling , Fan Xiaolan , Yang Mingyao , Yang Deying , Ni Qingyong , Li Yan , Zhang Mingwang , Li Diyan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis regulates the breeding process cycle of laying hens. However, the key regulatory genes of the HPO axis and pathways that drive chicken egg laying performance remain elusive. A total of 856 Chinese Luhua chicken was raised and the highest two hundred and the lowest two hundred chicken egg production were considered as high egg production (HEP) and low egg production (LEP) according to the total egg number at 300 days of age, respectively. RNA-seq sequencing (RNA-Seq) was conducted to explore the chicken transcriptome from the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovary tissue of 6 Chinese Luhua chicken with 3 high and low-rate egg production. In total, 76.09 Gb RNA-seq sequences were generated from 15 libraries with an average of 5.07 Gb for each library. Further analysis showed that 414, 356 and 10 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in pituitary gland, ovary and hypothalamus between HEP and LEP chickens, respectively. In pituitary gland, DEGs were involve in regulation of cellular glucose homeostasis, Ras protein signal transduction, negative regulation of hormone secretion. In Ovary DEGs were mainly involved in embryonic organ development, regulation of canonical Wnt signaling, response to peptide hormone. Our study identified DEGs that regulate mTOR signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, Tryptophan metabolism and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways at HPO-axis in laying hens. These important data contribute to improve our understanding of reproductive biology of chicken and isolating effective molecular markers that can be used for genetic selection in Chinese domestic Luhua chicken.
End-to-end vascular anastomosis using a novel magnetic compression device in rabbits: a preliminary study
Authors: Lu Qiang , Liu Kang , Zhang Wei , Li Tao , Shi Ai-Hua , Ding Hong-Fan , Yan Xiao-Peng , Zhang Xu-Feng , Wu Rong-Qian , Lv Yi , Wang Shan-Pei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMagnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) has been appreciated as an innovative alternative to manual suturing in vascular reconstruction. However, magnetic devices have limitations in their applications. The present study aimed to introduce a newly developed magnetic device for end-to-end vascular anastomosis. Twenty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to receive end-to-end postcaval vein anastomosis using either a newly designed MCA device (Group MCA) or continuous-interrupted suturing (Group CIS). The anastomotic patency was evaluated by Doppler or venography immediately, 1 week, and 12 weeks after surgery. Anastomotic quality was evaluated gross and microscopic histological study 12 weeks after surgery. The procedure was successfully performed and all animals survived until sacrifice. The duration of surgery and anastomosis time in Group MCA were significantly shorter compared to Group CIS (all p < 0.001), and the incidence of anastomotic patency and postoperative morbidity were comparable between the two groups (all p > 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that anastomotic intima from Group MCA was much smoother with more regularly arranged endothelial cells than from compared to the Group CIS. A novel MCA device was successfully applied in rabbit vascular anastomosis. We demonstrated the reliability and effectiveness of this newly developed MCA in this study.
Association of periodic limb movements during sleep and tinnitus in humans
Authors: Hwang Sheng-Wei , Chu Yia-Chi , Hwang Shang-Rung , Hwang Juen-Haur 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBoth of periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) and tinnitus were related with dopaminergic system dysfunction. However, it was still unclear whether PLMS, one kind of sleep disturbances, was associated with chronic tinnitus or not. Thus, we aimed to investigate this issue in humans. Clinical and overnight polysomnographic data of 2849 adults from a community hospital during Nov. 2011 to Jun 2017 in Taiwan was collected retrospectively. The association of PLMS and chronic tinnitus was analyzed by Student’s t-test, Pearson’s Chi-Square test, and multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that the mean age was 50.6 years old (standard deviation, SD = 13.3, range = 18~91) for all subjects. There were 1886 subjects without tinnitus and 963 subjects with tinnitus in this study. The PLMS was not significantly different between subjects without tinnitus (mean = 1.0/h, SD = 3.5/h) and subjects with tinnitus mean = 1.1/h, SD = 3.4/h) by Student’s t-test. The severity of PLMS was not significantly between non-tinnitus and tinnitus subjects by Pearson’s Chi-Square test. Multivariate logistic regression also showed that PLMS was not significantly associated with tinnitus after adjusting age, sex, subjective hearing loss, Parkinson’s disease, and insomnia. In conclusion, PLMS was not associated with chronic tinnitus in humans.