bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Fish from European Lakes: Current Contamination Status, Sources, and Perspectives for Monitoring
Authors: Valsecchi Sara , Babut Marc , Mazzoni Michela , Pascariello Simona , Ferrario Claudia , De Felice Beatrice , Bettinetti Roberta , Veyrand Bruno , Marchand Philippe , Polesello Stefano 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Concentrations in fish of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were reported for 7 deep lakes in the European subalpine area: Lakes Geneva, Lugano, Maggiore, Iseo, Como, Garda, and Mergozzo; one shallow lowland lake (Varese); and 2 high-altitude alpine lakes (&gt;2000 m a.s.l). Fillets and, in selected cases, other body fractions (viscera, liver, and residual carcass) from 8 fish species were analyzed. The possibility of harmonizing the monitoring protocols was tested. Results suggest that the sampling season is not critical for PFASs and the total protein content cannot be used for normalization of tissue concentrations because PFASs bind to specific proteins. Moreover, the polar lipid content could be used to reduce the variability of PFAS concentrations in phospholipid rich fractions of fish such as viscera and carcass. The data comparison and analysis show that the PFAS contamination in lake fish is generally correlated with the degree of urbanization of the lake catchment; however, it is sometimes difficult to compare absolute concentrations in lake fish because the lake hydro-morphological characteristics play a substantial role in determining the chemical concentrations of persistent and mobile contaminants. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:658–676. © 2020 SETAC
Abstract
PFOS concentrations (blue bars) and ratio PFOS/∑LC-PFCA (dashed line) in fillet of fish as proxies for urbanized areas with point sources and without point sources of the PFAS in the lakes. PFOS = perfluorooctane sulfonate; ∑LC-PFCA = total long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids; PFAS = perfluoroalkyl substances.
The Crying Clinic: Increasing accessibility to Infant Mental Health services for immigrant parents at risk for peripartum depression
Authors: Bohr Y. , Bimm M. , Bint Misbah K. , Perrier R. , Lee Y. , Armour L. , Sockett‐DiMarco N. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTPeripartum depression (PPD) is considered a major public health concern due to its profound impact on families, including infants. In this paper, we report on a pilot initiative designed to reduce barriers and stigma related to the use of traditional infant mental health services for immigrant parents deemed at high risk of PPD. The Crying Clinic (CC) is an innovative walk‐in service offered in a culturally diverse Canadian community to support maternal well‐being and healthy parent–infant relationships. The CC was designed to be a gateway to existing infant mental health services, through its emphasis on accessibility and cultural sensitivity. Support for concrete concerns, such as anxiety about normative infant behaviors like crying, is underscored in this approach to attract vulnerable families who would otherwise not access mental health support. A review of 44 users, utilization, plans for the use of additional services, and client evaluations suggests that the CC accomplished most of its goals. We conclude that gateway service models such as the CC have the potential to enhance traditional infant mental health programs by creatively addressing the challenge of engaging highly vulnerable parents from culturally diverse backgrounds.
“Take My Bone Away?” Hypoxia and bone: A narrative review
Authors: Hannah Scott S. , McFadden Sonyia , McNeilly Andrea , McClean Conor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo maintain normal cellular and physiological function, sufficient oxygen is required. Recently, evidence has suggested that hypoxia, either pathological or environmental, may influence bone health. It appears that bone cells are distinctly responsive to hypoxic stimuli; for better or worse, this is still yet to be elucidated. Hypoxia has been shown to offer potentially therapeutic effects for bone by inducing an osteogenic–angiogenic response, although, others have noted excessive osteoclastic bone resorption instead. Much evidence suggests that the hypoxic‐inducible pathway is integral in mediating the changes in bone metabolism. Furthermore, many factors associated with hypoxia including changes in energy metabolism, acid–base balance and the increased generation of reactive oxygen species, are known to influence bone metabolism. This review aims to examine some of the putative mechanisms responsible for hypoxic‐induced alterations of bone metabolism, with regard to osteoclasts and osteoblasts, both positive and negative.
Role of the small GTPase activating protein IQGAP1 in collagen phagocytosis
Authors: Nakajima Kei , Arora Pamela D. , Plaha Ajay , McCulloch Christopher A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMany adult connective tissues undergo continuous remodeling to maintain matrix homeostasis. Physiological remodeling involves the degradation of collagen fibers by the intracellular cathepsin‐dependent phagocytic pathway. We considered that a multidomain, small GTPase activating protein, IQGAP1, which is involved in the generation of cell extensions, is required for collagen phagocytosis, possibly arising from its interactions with cdc42 and the actin‐binding protein Flightless I (FliI). We examined the role of IQGAP1 in collagen phagocytosis by human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and by IQGAP1+/+ and IQGAP1−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts. IQGAP1 was strongly expressed by HGFs, localized to vinculin‐stained cell adhesions and sites where cell extensions are initiated, and colocalized with FliI. Immunoprecipitation showed that IQGAP1 associated with FliI. HGFs showed 10‐fold increases of collagen binding, 6‐fold higher internalization, and 3‐fold higher β1 integrin activation between 30 and 180 min after incubation with collagen. Compared with IQGAP1+/+ fibroblasts, deletion of IQGAP1 reduced collagen binding (1.4‐fold), collagen internalization (3‐fold), β1 integrin activation (2‐fold), and collagen degradation (1.8‐fold). We conclude that IQGAP1 affects collagen remodeling through its regulation of phagocytic degradation pathways, which may involve the interaction of IQGAP1 with FliI.
Duration of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA shedding and factors associated with prolonged viral shedding in patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Li Tong‐Zeng , Cao Zhen‐Huan , Chen Yu , Cai Miao‐Tian , Zhang Long‐Yu , Xu Hui , Zhang Jia‐Ying , Ma Chun‐Hua , Liu Yang , Gao Li‐Juan , Duan Zhong‐Hui , Mou Dan‐Lei , Liang Lian‐Chun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo investigate the factors associated with the duration of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA shedding in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). A retrospective cohort of COVID‐19 patients admitted to a designated hospital in Beijing was analyzed to study the factors affecting the duration of viral shedding. The median duration of viral shedding was 11 days (IQR, 8‐14.3 days) as measured from illness onset. Univariate regression analysis showed that disease severity, corticosteroid therapy, fever (temperature>38.5°C), and time from onset to hospitalization were associated with prolonged duration of viral shedding (P < .05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that fever (temperature>38.5°C) (OR, 5.1, 95%CI: 1.5‐18.1), corticosteroid therapy (OR, 6.3, 95%CI: 1.5‐27.8), and time from onset to hospitalization (OR, 1.8, 95%CI: 1.19‐2.7) were associated with increased odds of prolonged duration of viral shedding. Corticosteroid treatment, fever (temperature>38.5°C), and longer time from onset to hospitalization were associated with prolonged viral shedding in COVID‐19 patients.
Acute HIV infection in a large teaching hospital in western China: Clinical, virological, and molecular epidemiological characteristics
Authors: Zhang Keyi , Wei Bin , Tang Zhuoyun , Wei Yinhao , Zhao Zhongyi , Li Dongdong , Tao Chuanmin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo provide information on clinical, virological, and molecular epidemiological characteristics for early identification, diagnosis, and treatment of acute HIV infection (AHI).MethodsA retrospective study was conducted with patients with AHI from 2012 to 2017 in West China Hospital.ResultsA total of 47 patients with AHI were found using a fourth‐generation kit. Thirteen (27.66%) of these patients were negative if tested by third‐generation tests. Median age of patients with AHI was 26 and 91.49% of them were males. Homosexual contact was responsible for 46.81% of AHI transmission. Among the individuals with AHI, 80.85% were outpatients. Common symptoms/signs were fever, headache, rash, cough and sputum, and sore throat. The syphilis coinfection rate was 17.24%. Most of the AHI was distributed in Fiebig stages IV (61.70%) and II (27.66%) with different clinical and virological characteristics. The increasing trend of cut‐off index values was obvious in the course of AHI, helpful for auxiliary diagnosis. The main genetic forms of AHI were CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE, and a rare subtype CRF55_01B in Sichuan province was found. The drug resistance mutation rate was relatively high (17.65%) and five different mutations were identified.ConclusionsFourth‐generation assays are strongly recommended for screening AHI compared to third‐generation ones. Different clinical and virological characteristics in different Fiebig stages were found. Young individuals and outpatients were the majority of patients with AHI and this deserves special attention. Attention should also be paid to the rare CRF55_01B in Sichuan province and surveillance of HIV resistance ought to be strengthened.
Lineage analysis of human papillomavirus type 18 based on E6 region in cervical samples of Iranian women
Authors: Salavatiha Zahra , Shoja Zabihollah , Heydari Nasrin , Marashi Sayed Mahdid , Younesi Sarang , Nozarian Zohreh , Jalilvand Somayeh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDistinct human papillomavirus (HPV) 18 variants are thought to differ in oncogenic potential and geographic distribution. As such, understanding the regional variants of HPV 18 would be of great importance for evolutionary, epidemiological, and biological analysis. In this regard, the sequence variations of E6 gene were investigated to characterize more common variants of HPV 18 in normal cells, premalignant, and malignant samples collected from the cervix. In total, 99 samples of HPV 18 were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. In overall, lineages A was identified in all study subjects, among which sublineage A4 was dominant although the difference observed was not statistically significant with regard to different stages of disease. Sublineage A4 comprised 90.9% of samples and the remaining were belonged to sublineages A1, A2, A3, and A5 at the frequency of 6.1%, 1%, 1%, and 1%, respectively. In conclusion, our findings clearly highlight the sublineage A4 of HPV 18 as the most dominant variant in Iran.
Immune responses and pathogenesis in persistently PCR‐positive patients with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Yu Hai‐bin , Wang Wen‐jing , Tang Shan , Chen De‐xi , Xu Bin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 emerged in China in December 2019 and then rapidly spread worldwide. Why COVID‐19 patients with the same clinical condition have different outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the differences in the phenotype and functions of major populations of immune cells between COVID‐19 patients with same severity but different outcomes. Four common type adult inpatients with laboratory confirmed COVID‐19 from Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not COVID‐19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐negative conversion occurred within 3 weeks. Peripheral blood samples were collected to compare the differences in the phenotype and functions of major populations of immune cells between the two groups of patients. The result shows that the proportions of CD3+CD8+CD38+HLA‐DR+CD27− effector T killer cells generally declined, whereas that of CD3+CD4+CD8+ double‐positive T cells (DPTs) increased in the persistently PCR‐positive patients. In summary, considering the imbalance between effector T killer cells/CD3+CD4+CD8+ DPTs was a possible key factor for PCR‐negative conversion in patients with COVID‐19.
Using large ensemble modelling to derive future changes in mountain specific climate indicators in a 2 and 3°C warmer world in High Mountain Asia
Authors: Bonekamp P. N. J. , Wanders N. , van der Wiel K. , Lutz A. F. , Immerzeel W. W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNatural disasters in High Mountain Asia (HMA) are largely induced by precipitation and temperatures extremes. Precipitation extremes will change due to global warming, but these low frequency events are difficult to analyse using (short) observed time series. In this study, we analysed large 2000 year ensembles of present day climate and of a 2 and 3°C warmer world produced with the EC‐Earth model. We performed a regional assessment of climate indicators related to temperature and precipitation (positive degree days, accumulated precipitation, [pre‐ and post‐] monsoon precipitation), their sensitivity to temperature change and the change in return periods of extreme temperature and precipitation in a 2 and 3°C warmer climate. In general, the 2°C warmer world shows a homogeneous response of changes in climate indicators and return periods, while distinct differences between regions are present in a 3°C warmer world and changes no longer follow a general trend. This non‐linear effect can indicate the presence of a tipping point in the climate system. The most affected regions are located in monsoon‐dominated regions, where precipitation amounts, positive degree days, extreme temperature, extreme precipitation and compound events are projected to increase the most. Largest changes in climate indicators are found in East Himalaya, followed by the Hindu Kush and West and Central Himalaya regions. Western regions will experience drier summers and wetter winters, while monsoon dominated regions drier winters and wetter summers and northern regions a wetter climate year round. We also found that precipitation increases in HMA in a 3°C warmer world are substantially larger (13%) compared to the global average (5.9%). Additionally, the increase in weather extremes will exacerbate natural hazards with large possible impacts for mountain communities. The results of this study could provide important guidance for formulating climate change adaptation strategies in HMA.
Preparation and growth‐promoting effect of selenium nanoparticles capped by polysaccharide‐protein complexes on tilapia
Authors: Ren Lirong , Wu Zhencong , Ma Ying , Jian Wenjie , Xiong Hejian , Zhou Lina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDCompared with traditional inorganic and organic selenium compounds, nano‐selenium exhibited higher biological safety and nutritional potency. However, the biological efficacy of nano‐selenium has not been comprehensively and accurately evaluated due to its dispersion instability.RESULTSIn this study, novel selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with high dispersion stability were successfully prepared using a polysaccharide‐protein complex (PSP) as the capping agent. This was isolated from abalone viscera. The average particle size and zeta potential of polysaccharide‐protein complex selenium nanoparticles (PSP‐SeNPs) were 63.33 nm, and −37.1 mV, respectively. The SeNPs were firmly capped by PSP through SeO and SeN bonds, as demonstrated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Due to this capping, the dispersion of PSP‐SeNPs remained stable for 12 months at 4 °C, as evidenced by visual inspection and multiple light scattering. Furthermore, PSP‐SeNPs imparted an excellent growth‐promoting effect on tilapia. The FBW, WGR, and SGR values of tilapia juveniles fed with PSP‐SeNPs supplemented diets (0.5–4.5 mg/kg) were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05). A weight gain rate of 4.1%–43.4% and specific growth rate of 0.15%–1.74% were obtained in tilapia during 45‐day feeding.CONCLUSIONSThe use of marine viscera polysaccharides is a promising, green method for the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles. There are good opportunities for the application of the synthesized PSP‐SeNPs in the life sciences. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A neuromuscular‐based analysis of the open payments program
Authors: Harada Yohei , Sheng Sen , Thombre Vaishali A. , Ounpraseuth Songthip , Tommee Carolina Gil , Annapureddy Amarnath R. , Kamran Mudassar , Jasti Madhu S. , Katsuno Masahisa , Yadala Sisira , Veerapaneni Karthika , Kapoor Nidhi , Kovvuru Sukanthi , Onteddu Sanjeeva Reddy , Nalleballe Krishna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionIn August 2013, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Open Payments Program (OPP) made eligible payment information publicly available. Data about industry payments to neuromuscular neurologists are lacking.MethodFinancial relationships were investigated between industry and US neuromuscular neurologists from January 2014 through December 2018 using the CMS OPP database.ResultsThe total annual payments increased more than 6‐fold during the study period. The top 10% of physician‐beneficiaries collected 80% to 90% of total industry payments except in 2014. In 2018, the most common drugs associated with payments to neuromuscular neurologists were nusinersen, vortioxetine, eteplirsen, alglucosidase alpha, edaravone, and intravenous immunoglobulin.DiscussionA substantial increase in the annual payments to neuromuscular physicians during the study period is likely due to the development of new treatments, including gene therapy.
Plasma medicine: Opportunities for nanotechnology in a digital age
Authors: Liu Dawei , Szili Endre J. , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAdvances in digital technologies have opened new opportunities for creating more reliable, time‐ and cost‐effective, safer and mobile methods of diagnosing, managing and treating diseases. A few examples of advanced nano‐ and digital technologies are already FDA‐approved for diagnosing and treating diseases. Plasma treatment is still emerging as a new healthcare technology, but it is showing a strong potential for treatment of many diseases including cancers and antimicrobial‐resistant infections, with little or no adverse side effects. Here, we argue that with the ever‐increasing complex healthcare challenges facing communities, including the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic, it is critical to consider combining unique properties of emerging healthcare technologies into a single multimodal treatment modality that could lead to unprecedented healthcare benefits. In this article, we focus on the healthcare opportunities created by establishing a nexus between plasma, nano‐ and digital technologies. We argue that the combination of plasma, nano‐ and digital technologies into a single multimodal healthcare package may significantly improve patient outcomes and comfort, and reduce the economic burden on community healthcare, as well as alleviate many problems related to overcrowded healthcare systems.
Pimenta dioica Mediated Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Its Potential for Theranostic Applications
Authors: Kharey Prashant , Dutta Surjendu Bikash , Gorey Abhijeet , Manikandan M. , Kumari Anshu , Vasudevan Srivathsan , Palani I. A. , Majumder S. K. , Gupta Sharad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn recent years, gold nanoparticles have emerged as promising agents for plasmonic sensing, photoacoustic imaging, photothermal therapy, and other biomedical applications. In this work, green synthesis of plant‐mediated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using an aqueous leaf extract of Pimenta dioica was carried out and the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐Vis) absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infra‐red (FTIR) spectroscopy, and electron microscopy. A plausible mechanism of the formation of gold nanoparticles from Pimenta dioica leaf extract was also proposed. Synthesized AuNPs were found to be safe for human cervical cancer (HeLa) and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cell lines established using MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiozol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. The potential of the synthesized nanoparticles for the plasmonic sensing of analyte molecule was carried out using the AuNPs as a surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrate. It was found that the AuNPs enhanced the Raman signal of analyte molecules with an enhancement factor of >105 in comparison to the normal Raman signal measured from the analyte, i. e., without nanoparticles. Further, the synthesized AuNPs showed excellent photoacoustic signal responses (PASR) and found to be the most efficient photoacoustic signal generators. The photothermal performance of these nanoparticles was also carried out. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that in future, these AuNPs could be used as a green alternative to conventionally used in‐vivo theranostic agents.
Design and Synthesis of Sulfonamide‐Attached 2‐(Isoxazol‐3‐yl)‐1H‐imidazoles as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Dende Satheesh Kumar , Korupolu Raghu Babu , Leleti Krishnakanth Reddy 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLibrary of 2‐(isoxazol‐3‐yl)‐1H‐imidazole sulfonamide derivatives (4 a‐j) has been synthesized and structures were confirmed by 1HNMR, 13CNMR and mass spectral analysis. Further these compounds were tested for their anticancer activity against four human cancer cell lines, such as MCF‐7 (breast cancer), A549 (lung cancer), Colo‐205 (colon cancer) and A2780 (ovarian cancer) by MTT assay and etoposide used as positive control. Among them, compounds 4 b, 4 c, 4 d, 4 e, 4 g, 4 h and 4 i showed more potent anticancer activity against human cancer cell lines.
Insight into the Property Modification of Zr‐Incorporated Alumina Binary Mixed Oxides by XRD, TEM, XPS, TPD and IR
Authors: Lu Yaowei , Xie Xiaoguang , Fang Wenhao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAl2O3 is known to be the most stable aluminum oxide and shows a large variety of applications. Incorporating a second metal to alumina is regarded as an effective strategy to modify its pristine material property. In this work, the binary ZrXAlOY (0 < X ≤ 1) mixed oxides synthesized by co‐precipitation method were studied by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), NH3 temperature‐programmed desorption (NH3‐TPD) and pyridine adsorbed infrared (IR). It was disclosed that Zr incorporation (i. e., Zr content) and calcination temperature would bring about significant modifications on the material property of ZrXAlOY compounds, such as crystal structure, valence state, surface acidity etc. Among the series ZrXAlOY mixed oxides investigated, the Zr0.1AlOY solid calcined at 400 °C presented a highest reactive surface area and a strongest interaction between Zr4+ cations and Al3+ cations, located either in the homogeneously distributed Zr‐Al mixed oxide or at the ZrO2/Al2O3 interface. Thus an optimal proportion of Lewis acid sites with strong strength was obtained on this compound, which could be beneficial to acid‐catalyzed reactions either as catalyst or support material.