bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decline in the incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients enrolled in HIV care, treatment and support programme from 2011 to 2014 in Mainland Tanzania
Authors: Majigo Mtebe Venance , Somi Geoffrey , Joachim Agricola , Manyahi Joel , Nondi Joseph , Sambu Veryeh , Rwebembera Anath , Makyao Neema , Ramadhani Angera , Maokola Werner , Todd Jim , Matee Mecky I 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Despite improvements in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), mortality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) is still high and largely attributed to Tuberculosis (TB) infection. In sub-Saharan Africa, approximately 80% of HIV related mortality cases are associated with TB. Relatively little is known about incidence of TB among PLHIV in Tanzania and the determinant factors. We report incidence rate of confirmed TB and determine association with selected demographic and program related factors based on data in the national HIV care and treatment program from 2011 to 2014. Methods The Tanzania National AIDS Control Programme, Care and Treatment database was used to obtain information of all HIV clients enrolled in the HIV Care and Treatment Program between January 2011and December 2014. We analyzed retrospective cohort data to assess TB incidence rate per 1000 person-years. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for putative associated factors. Results Over the period of four years, there were 22,071 confirmed cases of pulmonary TB in 1,323,600 person years. The overall TB incidence was around 16.7 (95% CI 16.4 -16.9) cases per 1000 person years. The annual incidence rate decreased by 12.4% from 17.0 (95% CI 16.5-17.4) in 2011 to 14.9 (95% CI 14.5-15.4) in 2014. TB incidence rate was significantly higher in persons not using ART and in males than females. The incidence of TB was higher in patients with advanced HIV disease and decreased with increasing age. The overall prevalence of TB was 2.2% with peak prevalence of 2.5% in 2013 and being higher among children < 15 years (3.2%) in the same year. Conclusion The study found an overall decrease of incidence of TB in PLHIV. Our results underline the current recommendations of HIV test and treat and provision of TB preventive therapy for those PLHIV without active TB after intensified TB case-finding.
Double versus single T-tube drainage for frank cysto-biliary communication in patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis: A retrospective cohort study with median 11 years follow-up
Authors: Shalayiadang Paizula , Jiang Tiemin , Yimiti Yusufu , Ran Bo , Aini Abudusalamu , Zhang Ruiqing , Guo Qiang , Ahan Ayifuhan , Abulizi Abuduaini , Aimaiti Dilimiureti , Wen Hao , Shao Yingmei , Aji Tuerganaili 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Partial peri-cystectomy is one of the major surgical approaches for hepatic cystic echinococcosis (CE) and has been practiced in most centers worldwide. Cysto-biliary communication (fistula, leakage, rupture) is a problematic issue in CE patients. T-tube is a useful technique in situations where exploration and decompression are needed for common bile duct (CBD), however, postoperative biliary complications for cystic cavity still remains to be studied in depth. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of CE cases in our single center database from 2007 March to 2012 December was performed. Patients (n=51) were divided into two cohorts: double T-tube drainage (one at CBD for decompression and one at the fistula for sustaining in cystic cavity, n=23) group and single T-tube drainage cohort (only one at CBD for decompression, n=28). Short-/long-term postoperative complication focusing on biliary system was recorded in detail and they were followed-up for median 11 years.Results: Overall biliary complication rates for double and single T-tube drainages were 17.4% vs. 35.7%. Short-term complications ranged from minor to major leakages, cavity infection and abscess formation, and prevalence was 17.4% vs. 21.4% respectively for double and single T-tube groups; most importantly, double T-tube drainage group had predominant advantage regarding long-term complications (0% vs. 14.3%), which was biliary stricture needing surgery and it was observed in single T-tube drainage group.Conclusions: Double T-tube drainage had better outcomes without procedure specific postoperative biliary complications than single T-tube drainage. Meanwhile, we recommend long-term follow-up when comparing residual cavity related biliary complication in CE patients as it could happen lately.
Durability of Single Tablet Regimen for Patients with HIV infection in Southern Taiwan: data from a real world setting
Authors: Tsai Hung-Chin , Chang Hui-Min , Chou Chen-Hsi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: A single-tablet regimen (STR) has been associated with better drug adherence. However, the durability of different STRs was unknown in the real world settings. Our aim was to investigate the durability of different initial STR regimens in patients starting STR in southern Taiwan Method: This was a retrospective study of antiretroviral-naive patients that initiated first-line antiretroviral regimens with STRs between May 2016 and December 2017. The primary endpoint was time to virological failure (defined as plasma HIV RNAs≧200 copies/mL after 24 weeks). Secondary endpoints were STR discontinuation due to toxicity/intolerance. Survival analysis was done using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression. Results: Two hundred and twenty-three patients were included: Over a median (IQR) of 86 (60-112) weeks, 25 patients (11%) experienced virological failure; the 1 year probability of virological failure was 11% (8/70) for Atripla, 7% (4/54) for Complera and 13% (13/99) for Triumeq. Fifty-six patients (25%) discontinued their STRs owing to toxicity/intolerance. When compared to Atripla, treatment with Complera (AHR 8.39, CI 1.98-35.58, p=0.004) and Triumeq (AHR 8.40, CI 2.39-29.54, p=0.001) were more likely to have treatment failure. However, when the risk of treatment failure was compared between two different STRs, treatment with Complera was not found to have higher risk of treatment failure when compared to Atripla (log rank test p=0.116). The predictors for treatment failure included age≦30 years old (AHR 3.73, CI 1.25-11.17, p=0.018), switch between different STR (AHR 2.3, CI 1.18-4.50, p=0.001) and free of active syphilis infection (AHR 0.24, CI 0.08-0.73, p=0.012). The risk factor for treatment discontinuation included younger age≦30 years old (AHR 3.82, CI 1.21-12.37, p=0.023), treatment with Atripla (AHR 8.65 , CI 2.64-28.39 , p<0.001) and free of active syphilis infection (AHR0.16, CI 0.04-0.62, p=0.006). Conclusion: Younger age was associated with treatment failure and drug discontinuation. Active syphilis infection s/p treatment was associated with free from treatment failure and discontinuation. This probably driven by the more frequently sexual health education and counseling when patients had syphilis infection. The STR durability was dependent on the drug toxicity/intolerance, age and syphilis infection
Identification of AC003986.3 as an independent risk factor for glioma patient survival and functional analysis
Authors: Liu Qinglin , Ge Huijian , Liu Peng , Li Youxiang , Jiang Peng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background To validate the potential of AC003986.3 in predicting glioma patient survival and analyze its underlying function and mechanism. Methods Gene expression and clinical features of the patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlatls. Correlation between AC003986.3 expression profile and patient clinical features and survival were analyzed. Multivariate Cox regression was employed to determine the risk factors for patient survival and construct the prediction model for survival. Validation of the multivariate Cox regression model was tested by comparing the survival curves between the model-predicted high and low death risk subgroups and calculating the accuracy of predicting 1, 2, 3, and 5 years survival by the model. Target genes were predicted with Ensemble Browser. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to explore AC003986.3 related gene sets enrichment in Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. Results 655 samples with gene expression and complete clinical features were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Clinical features enrolled in this study were follow up time, survival status, race, gender, race and pathological grade. AC003986.3 expression was positively related to patient age and pathological grade. High AC003986.3 expression glioma patients suffered a poorer survival than those with low expression. Multivariate Cox regression revealed that AC003986.3 expression was an independent risk factor for patient survival irrespective of age and pathological grade. Predicted by Ensemble Browser, TWIST1 was the target of AC003986.3. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that AC003986.3 related gene sets were mainly enriched in cell metabolism. Conclusions AC003986.3 expression is closely related to age and pathological grade in glioma patients, and is an independent risk factor for patient survival irrespective of age and pathological grade. AC003986.3 is mainly involved in regulating tumor cell metabolism, and this effect is probably mediated by TWIST1.
Comprehensive analysis of circRNAs from steatotic livers after ischemia and reperfusion injury by next generation RNA sequencing
Authors: Qu Xiaoye , Zheng Chao , Wang Bingrui , Wang Fang , Sun Xuehua , Gao Yueqiu , Xia Qiang , Kong Xiaoni 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Global organ shortage has enabled the permission of fatty livers for transplantation purpose, taking the risk of graft dysfunction related to the rapider ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) progress. Increasing evidence supports the role of circular RNAs as essential regulators of this progress. However, data about circular RNAs in ischemia and reperfusion injured steatotic livers are practically nonexistent. Methods In the present study, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice model was used to generate hepatic steatosis mice. RNA-sequencing was performed on IRI model or sham liver tissues both in HFD-fed mice to screen the significant differentially expressed circular RNAs. GO and KEGG analysis were applied to figure out the potential function of these screened circular RNAs. Results From this, we successfully found the expression of some circular RNAs were significantly altered in IRI livers after HFD-fed mouse models. To further validate sequencing data, one up-regulated circRNA and four down-regulated circular RNAs were examined in steatotic mice livers after IRI. The RNase R digestion experiment exhibited these circRNAs possessed high stability compared with linear RNAs and sequence alignment of their junction positions provided identical sequences by sanger sequencing following gel electrophoresis, demonstrating the circularity of these circular RNAs. The expression of four stable circRNAs undigested by RNase R were further validated by quantitative PCR. Conclusion In summary, this study reveals that circular RNAs emerge as novel and potentially efficient targets which involve in more severe damage of steatotic livers to IRI.
Regulation of Hippo/YAP signaling and esophageal squamous carcinoma progression by an E3 ubiquitin ligase PARK2
Authors: Zhou Xiaofeng , Li Yajie , Wang Weilong , Wang Sujie , Hou Jinghan , Zhang Aijia , Lv Benjie , Gao Can , Yan Ziyi , Pang Dan , Lu Kui , Ahmad Nor Hazwani , Zhu Jian , Wang Lidong , Zhang Lichen , Zhuang Ting , Li Xiumin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies in the world, while the overall five-year survival is less than 20%. Recent genomic sequencing analysis indicated the over-activation of Hippo/YAP signaling might play important roles for the carcinogenic process and progression for ESCC patients. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that controls Hippo signaling activity in ESCC. Methods YAP and PARK2 protein level were measured by western blot, while the Hippo classical target genes were measured by real-time PCR. WST1 assay were used to measure cell proliferation, the trans-well and wound healing were used to measure the cell migration and invasion capacity. Protein stability and ubiquitin assay were used to detect the YAP protein ubiquitin and stability. The immuno-precipitation assays were used to detect the protein interactions. Immuno-staining was used to detect the protein localization of YAP and PARK2, while the ubiquitin-based immuno-precipitation assays were used to detect the specific ubiquitination manner of YAP. Results Here, we identify a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase PARK2 as an inhibition factor for Hippo/YAP axis. We find that PARK2 depletion promotes ESCC progression both in vivo and in vitro through Hippo/YAP axis, while PARK2 overexpression suppresses ESCC tumor progression via Hippo signaling. Mechanistic study reveals that PARK2 could interact with YAP in the cytosol and promotes YAP K48-linked ubiquitination at K90 sites, which subsequently promotes YAP protein degradation in ESCC. Clinical sample of ESCC revealed that PARK2 is significantly decreased in ESCC, and relates to good prognosis in ESCC patients. Beside, PARK2 expression negatively correlates with tumor stage and YAP protein expression. Conclusions: Our study identifies an interesting mechanism of Hippo pathway regulation, by which PARK2 modulates ESCC cancer progression, and implies PARK2 could be a novel marker for therapeutics and diagnostics in human ESCC.
Factors of Successful Aging among Pre-Retirement Public Servants in Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Aniza , Hairodin Khairul Rafizah , Miskam Hazlina Mohd , Shamsuddin Khadijah 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Following the global trend,Malaysia is moving towards an aging population. With the change in age ratio, there will be more age-related diseases and challenges that need to be managed appropriately. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of successful aging (SA) among pre-retirement Malaysian public servants and the predictors.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 1,064 pre-retirement public servants (50-60 years old) working in nine federal government agencies within the Klang Valley. Multistage sampling was applied with simple random sampling for selecting four out of 23 ministries and two agencies under each ministry. Purposive sampling was used for selecting the state and respondents. The respondents completed a self-administered questionnaire and their cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). SA was defined as being able to fulfil all three criteria i.e. absence of six major chronic diseases and having both good physical and psycho-cognitive functions.Results: The prevalence of SA was 37.5%. Multiple logistic regression showed that the factors with higher odds of having SA were younger age (50–54 years old) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.73), being physically active (aOR 1.39, 95%CI 1.05 -1.84), non-obese (aOR 2.14, 95%CI 1.52-3.02) and good social support (aOR 1.78, 95%CI 1.30-2.43).Conclusion: A minority of public servants in this study have SA. Employers in various agencies should play roles in promoting SA aiming for healthy behaviours and providing healthy working environments.
Article The Burden of Esophageal Cancer in China From 2013 to 2030 A Dynamic Cohort Modeling Study
Authors: LI Yuanyuan , Xu Junfang , Gu Yuxuan , Zhen Xuemei , Hu Xiaoqian , Sun Xueshan , Dong Hengjin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to predict the disease burden of esophageal cancer (EC) over the period 2013-2030 in China. Methods : A dynamic cohort Markov model was developed to simulate the EC prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and the medical direct expenditure based on gender. JoinPoint Regression Program was used to calculate the average annual percentage change (AAPC) of EC prevalence and DALY rates, while the regression model was applied to analyze the changing trend of economic burden over time. Results: The predicted DALY rates per 100 000 people increased in both-sex (219.17 - 252.39) and males (302.89 – 384.31), while it decreased in females (131.21- 115.91). The years of life lost (YLL) accounted for the majority of DALYs. The AAPC were 0.8%(95% CI, 0.8%-0.9%), 1.4%(95% CI, 1.3%- 1.5%), and -0.7%(95% CI, -0.8%- -0.7%) in both-sex, males and females, respectively. The medical direct expenditure in both-sex, males, and females was predicted to increase by 165.35%, 194.04%, and 94.20%, respectively. Conclusions: EC still caused a severe burden on society. YLL was responsible for the majority of the DALYs, which highly suggesting the implementation of accurate prevention like screening and early diagnosis and treatment programs.
Mapping priority neighborhoods: A novel approach to cluster identification in HIV/AIDS population
Authors: Jagadesh Soushieta , Combe Marine , Couppié Pierre , Gozlan Rodolphe Elie , Nacher Mathieu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundUrban disadvantaged neighborhoods have higher HIV risk behavior and higher levels of AIDS-related mortality. Studies demonstrate that interventions at the community level focusing on risk groups have increased success rates than individual patient-based based management in the context of HIV/AIDS. We tested a novel approach to identify population groups in need of greater public health efforts to achieve UNAIDS 90-90-90.MethodsWe extracted retrospective data on 2141 HIV/AIDS patients, recruited from 1997-2017 in the regional hospitals in French Guiana. Self-organizing maps were constructed and clusters were identified based on demographic and socioeconomic variables such as age, sex, CD4 counts at Nadir, type of neighborhood, unemployment rate, and presence of opportunistic illness such as Histoplasmosis and Hepatitis B in the sample population.ResultsNeighborhood unemployment rates were identified to have a large impact in the distribution of HIV/AIDS. Also, the risk of disseminated histoplasmosis, the most common AIDS-defining illness in French Guiana, was not associated to any particular neighborhood suggesting that urban socioeconomic features are not the primary drivers of exposure risk.ConclusionSocioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods remain hotspots for HIV/AIDS. We conclude that SOM is an effective tool in the identification of risk clusters that may guide public health efforts to optimize HIV prevention and testing in French Guiana and other developing countries.
The need of close monitor of the patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) in one designated medical institutions in Chengdu: a single-center, retrospective, observational study
Authors: Zhou Gui , Tan Yun-Hui , Lu Yi-Xiao , Luo Jiang-Cuo , Feng Jing , Li Juan , Yang Yun-Mei , Chen Long , Zhang Jianping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: To study the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in one designated medical institutions in Chengdu. Methods: 20 patients admitted to one hospital in designated medical institutions in Chengdu with laboratory confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection. Data were collected from 26 January 2020 to 1 March 2020. Clinical data were collected using Self-constructed questionnaire refer to World health organization nCoV CASE RECORDFORM Version 1.2 28JAN2020. If information was not clear, The team will review the original data from the designated computer. Results: Of the 20 COVID-19 infected patients studied (median age 42.5 years), 4 patients became severe sick and one was critical deteriorated in the process of treatment, they were later transferred to the superior medical institutions for treatment. This patient died after admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The other two mild patients remained positive for pharyngeal swabs of SARS-Cov-2 more than 3 weeks, so they were quarantined in a medical facility without medication. All studied cases were infected by human to human transmission without taking protective measures. It requires further confirmation of transmission through contact within families. The most common symptoms at onset of illness were fever in 13 (65%) patients, cough in 9 (45%), headache in 3 (15%), fatigue in 6 (30%), diarrhoea in 3 (15%), and Abdominal pain in 2 (10%). Six patients (30%) developed shortness of breath on admission. The median time from exposure to onset of illness was 6.5 days (interquartile range 3.25-9 days), and from the onset of symptoms to first hospital admission was 3.5(1.25-7) days. Conclusion: Up to the end of February 2020, compared with patients initially infected with SARS-Cov-2 in Wuhan, the symptoms of patients in this study was relatively mild and the patients are easily cured and discharged from hospital. the patients with mild symptoms of COVID-19 is general type of patients infected with SARS-Cov-2 in China. However, The COVID-19 is a self-limiting disease with no effective drug to treat it, it is important to detect and identify severe cases from mild cases early.
Epidemiological study on COVID-19 virus transmission network in northeast China
Authors: Feng Tianyu , Sun Helin , Sun Mengzi , Wang Yudan , Zhang He , Sun Chong , Li Kexin , Wang Yingshuang , Chai Ruiyu , Zheng Pingping , Chen Yang , Pan Pan , Bi Chunli , Zhang Yulong , Yao Yan , Liu Siyu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: to analyze the epidemic situation of COVID-19 in northeast China, Liaoning and Jilin. To study the prevalence of COVID-19 virus in areas other than Hubei province. To understand the spread of COVID-19 in Liaoning and Jilin provinces by means of communication network. More in-depth understanding of COVID-19 epidemic, and put forward effective prevention and control recommendations. Methods: We collected the demographic characteristics, exposure history and course of action of patients with laboratory-confirmed infection with COVID-19 published by Liaoning Provincial Health Commission and Jilin Provincial Health Commission as of February 15, 2020. We describe the demographic characteristics, case characteristics, spatial distribution characteristics and related interpersonal network of these patients. To analyze the transmission of COVID-19 in two provinces. Results: By February 15, 2020, the cumulative number of infected people in Liaoning province was 119.The largest number was 27(22.7%) in Shenyang and the smallest in Fushun, with no reported cases of infection. Among them, 55(46.2%) have a history of sojourning in Hubei province. The mainly clinical symptoms of the infected patients were fever, and 67(56.3%) of them developed fever at the time of diagnosis. Cough, sneezing and other respiratory symptoms are less. The cumulative number of infected people in Jilin province was 89, with the highest number in Changchun city at 39(43.8%) and the lowest in Baishan city, with no reported infections. 21(23.6%) people with a history of sojourning in Hubei province. Most of those infected in the two provinces were related to Hubei province, and most of those infected in the second generation or more were infected by close contact with relatives. Conclusion: The COVID-19 outbreaks in Liaoning and Jilin provinces are gradually stabilizing, but have not yet reached the time required to lower the prevention and control level. The fatality rate of the two provinces is relatively low. There is no evidence of super-spreader in either province.