bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface sterilization of English oak (Quercus robur L.) acorns using wet water steam
Authors: Vasinauskienė Regina , Silingiene Gerda , Sinkevičienė Jolanta 
Published: May 2020

Effective and environmentally friendly methods of protection to reduce seed contamination from fungi are constantly sought. The use of thermal impulses of 100 °C wet water steam to reduce fungal contamination has not been sufficiently investigated, and the potential of this physical approach has not been estimated.The aim of the study was to investigate what impact 100 °C wet water steam with different time durations had on acorn contamination with fungi, acorn germination and biometric indicators of English oak (Quercus robur) seedlings during the first year of growth. Different treatment durations with wet water steam were used: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 s.Research showed that 6 seconds impact of wet steam on the surface of the oak acorn destroyed Alternaria spp., 8 seconds impact destroyed Penicillium spp. and 14 seconds impact destroyed Mucor spp. Using 14 seconds water steam treatment Penicillium, Alternaria and Mucor spp. fungi were eliminated.Wet water steam treatment for 2 - 4 seconds not only stimulated the acorns germination by 4.0 - 7.6%, but also had positive influence on the root collar diameter of seedlings. Wet water steam treatment for 2 - 12 seconds had a positive effect on the root development of oak seedlings, however, high temperature environment had a suppressive effect on the oak seedling height.
Keywords: biological control, wet water steam, fungi, oak acorns, seedling production
Prevalensi dan Analisis Faktor Risiko Multidrug Resistance Bakteri Escherichia coli pada Ayam Komersial di Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Wibisono Freshinta Jellia , Sumiarto Bambang , Untari Tri , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Permatasari Dian Ayu , Witaningrum Adiana Mutamsari 
Published: May 2020

Multidrug resistance is a problem that is difficult to overcome in terms of treating infectious diseases. Multidrug resistance is the term used to describe when a bacteria is resistant to three or more different classes of antibiotics. Escherichia coli as a commensal bacterium which has multidrug resistance, this causes more issues because Escherichia coli can transfer its resistant properties to other bacteria within the poultry digestive tract. The observational study is used to determine the risk factors and to estimate the quantitative effects arising from various components that contribute to the emergence of a disease. The sampling in this study was carried out randomly through cloaca swabs from commercial chicken farms in Blitar and 345 samples were collected. Complementary data collection was carried out using questionnaires, interviews, and field observations. The results showed the incidence of multidrug resistance in commercial chickens in the Blitar District was 72.5%. There is a relationship between causative factors with the incidence of multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli bacteria that is significantly associated with positive risk factors. The strength of this relationship can be seen from the value of OR and RR, among others factors of chicken breed (OR = 3.07; RR = 1.34), breeder's education (OR = 2.3; RR = 1.29), type of livestock business (OR = 7.5; RR = 1.43), type of animal feed (OR = 1.91; RR = 1.2), veterinary support for livestock raising management (OR = 3.09; RR = 1.44). The reference variables are whether the antibiotics are administered by non-veterinarians (OR = 2.35) or by the TS (OR = 7.92), and whether there is an antibiotic administration program (OR = 3.16; RR = 1.47). The overseeing function of farm maintenance, management, and implementation of antimicrobial administration in commercial chicken farms needs to be improved, to increase breeders' awareness of the careful usage of antibiotics and controlling the incidence of antibiotic resistance.
Review: Lanters, José. The theatre of Thomas Kilroy: no absolutes. Cork UP, 2018
Authors: Duncan Dawn 
Published: May 2020

For anyone studying contemporary theatre, José Lanters’ new book on Thomas Kilroy is essential. Lanters examines Kilroy’s writing and theatrical process for ten plays, positioning him as an Irish writer who blends global influences, works cooperatively with production teams, and is postmodern in thematic sensibility and experimental stylizing. She divides the study of these plays into three sections: “Nationalism and Identity,” “Gender and Sexuality,” and “Art and Mysticism.”
Deleuze Reframed
Authors: Sutton Damian , Martin-Jones David 
Published: May 2020

Are your students baffled by Baudrillard? Dazed by Deleuze? Confused by Kristeva? Other beginners’ guides can feel as impenetrable as the original texts to students who ‘think in images’. “Contemporary Thinkers Reframed” instead uses the language of the arts to explore the usefulness in practice of complex ideas. Short, contemporary and accessible, these lively books utilise actual examples of artworks, films, television shows, works of architecture, fashion and even computer games to explain and explore the work of the most commonly taught thinkers. Conceived specifically for the visually minded, the series will prove invaluable to students right across the visual arts. Deleuze disdains easy answers. Yet easy answers to Deleuze are what students need. Without reducing Deleuze’s complex body of thought to simplistic solutions, this very contemporary guide leads the reader into the world of Deleuze's spiralling thought through concrete examples from art, film, TV and even computer games.
From ‘Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind’ and ‘The Cell’ to ‘Pac Man’ and ‘Doom’ and from the work of Matthew Barney and Helen Chadwick to ‘Lost’ and ‘Doctor Who’, this easily digestible introduction looks at the key ideas promoted by Deleuze, both in his own work and in his notoriously difficult collaborations with Felix Guattari, to make them both fresh and relevant to the visual arts today.
Race: Antiquity and its Legacy
Authors: McCoskey Denise Eileen 
Published: May 2020

How do different cultures think about race? In the modern era, racial distinctiveness has been assessed primarily in terms of a person’s physical appearance. But it was not always so. As Denise McCoskey shows, the ancient Greeks and Romans did not use skin colour as the basis for categorising ethnic disparity. The colour of one’s skin lies at the foundation of racial variability today because it was used during the heyday of European exploration and colonialism to construct a hierarchy of civilizations and then justify slavery and other forms of economic exploitation. Assumptions about race thus have to take into account factors other than mere physiognomy. This is particularly true in relation to the classical world. In fifth century Athens, racial theory during the Persian Wars produced the categories ‘Greek’ and ‘Barbarian’, and set them in brutal opposition to one another: a process that could be as intense and destructive as ‘black and ‘white’ in our own age. Ideas about race in antiquity were therefore completely distinct but as closely bound to political and historical contexts as those that came later.
This provocative book boldly explores the complex matrices of race - and the differing interpretations of ancient and modern – across epic, tragedy and the novel. Ranging from Theocritus to Toni Morrison, and from Tacitus and Pliny to Bernal’s seminal study Black Athena, this is a powerful and original new assessment.
Nazi Buildings, Cold War Traces and Governmentality in Post-Unification Berlin
Authors: Copley Clare 
Published: May 2020

Bringing together approaches from cultural and urban history, as well as German studies and political theory, Clare Copley’s probing study reflects on post-unification responses to iconic Nazi architecture to reveal insights into power, legitimacy and memory politics in the Berlin Republic.
Analysing public debates, physical interventions into the buildings and the structuring of the memory landscapes around them, the book demonstrates that the politics of memory impact not just upon the built environment of the post-dictatorship city, but upon the way decisions about it are made. In doing so, Nazi Buildings, Cold War Traces and Governmentality in Post-Unification Berlin makes the case for conceiving of a specifically ‘post-authoritarian’ governmentality and uses the responses to constructions like Göring’s Aviation Ministry, Tempelhof Airport and the Olympic complex to explore its features.
Annoying Music in Everyday Life
Authors: Trotta Felipe 
Published: May 2020

Just as music has the power to inspire, it has the power to irritate and enrage. Why does certain music annoy us? Why does it force us to leave rooms, invade our personal space and affect us on a visceral level? Based on more than 70 interviews, this book discusses the everyday challenges of living together with unwanted music. It examines issues of taste, individual rights, private and public spaces, violence and the law.
The interviews explore various relationships with forced listening and the behaviors that result. Interviewees talk about emotions and reactions to the nuisance caused by music, highlighting matters of otherness, individualism and rights. They discuss experiences with neighbors, at stores, on the street, while commuting and even in their homes - and reveal the complex social interactions mediated by music and sounds in our day-to-day lives.
Parker’s Will Precedents
Authors: Pickering Leon 
Published: May 2020

Recommended by the Institute of Professional Willwriters, Parker’s Will Precedents is a well-established and highly regarded publication, renowned for its clarity of drafting.
Comprehensive collection of precedents supplied as an electronic download
Parker’s Will Precedents provides private client solicitors and professional will drafters with a thorough understanding and working knowledge of the will drafting process and, as a result, the ability to draft better wills.
It contains a comprehensive collection of precedents for use by anyone who needs to draft wills. There are a variety of precedents for individual clauses as well as a set of complete wills catering for different scenarios. The emphasis of the approach is on clarity, practicality and simplicity, so you can quickly draft legally sound wills for a variety of circumstances. Notes and guidance on drafting and additional materials, including letters, support materials and extracts from relevant legislation.
As well as providing a complete update, the 10th edition also includes:
A new chapter on Consumer Protection and related legislation with precedents; Inclusion of expanded guidance on capacity; Index-linked legacies; Precedent retainers and letters of wishes; An expanded chapter on funeral wishes
Variability of surface climate in simulations of past and future
Authors: Rehfeld Kira , Hébert Raphaël , Lora Juan M. , Lofverstrom Marcus , Brierley Chris M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. It is virtually certain that the mean surface temperature of the Earth will continue to increase under realistic emission scenarios, yet comparatively little is known about future changes in climate variability. This study explores changes in climate variability over the large range of climates simulated by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and 6 (CMIP5/6) and the Paleoclimate Modeling Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (PMIP3), including time slices of the Last Glacial Maximum, the mid-Holocene, and idealized experiments (1 % CO2 and abrupt4×CO2). These states encompass climates within a range of 12 ∘C in global mean temperature change. We examine climate variability from the perspectives of local interannual change, coherent climate modes, and through compositing extremes. The change in the interannual variability of precipitation is strongly dependent upon the local change in the total amount of precipitation. At the global scale, temperature variability is inversely related to mean temperature change on intra-seasonal to multidecadal timescales. This decrease is stronger over the oceans, while there is increased temperature variability over subtropical land areas (40∘ S–40∘ N) in warmer simulations. We systematically investigate changes in the standard deviation of modes of climate variability, including the North Atlantic Oscillation, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, and the Southern Annular Mode, with global mean temperature change. While several climate modes do show consistent relationships (most notably the Atlantic Zonal Mode), no generalizable pattern emerges. By compositing extreme precipitation years across the ensemble, we demonstrate that the same large-scale modes influencing rainfall variability in Mediterranean climates persist throughout paleoclimate and future simulations. The robust nature of the response of climate variability, between cold and warm climates as well as across multiple timescales, suggests that observations and proxy reconstructions could provide a meaningful constraint on climate variability in future projections.
La resignificación del propio cuerpo en el escenario. Violencia obstétrica y teatro documental: Anatomía dunha serea, de Iria Pinheiro
Authors: Rozados Lorenzo Lara 
Published: May 2020

Desde su propia experiencia, y a partir de conversaciones con varias mujeres, la actriz Iria Pinheiro constata la violencia obstétrica como una de las formas más socialmente normalizadas de violencia contra las mujeres. Con la puesta en escena de Anatomía dunha serea (octubre del 2018) Pinheiro resignifica su propio cuerpo y el cuerpo colectivo femenino, para recuperar la actancia a través de la catarsis escénica, y desmontar los operativos patriarcales de construcción del cuerpo femenino como objeto pasivo para el placer y la reproducción.
Desde los estudios teatrales y performativos, hemos analizado este uso performativo del propio cuerpo y del teatro documental como herramienta para combatir la opresión patriarcal, una de las formas de dominación más naturalizadas e invisibilizadas que perpetúa relaciones de sometimiento en el cuerpo social. Analizamos cuáles son las estrategias (hiperpresencia, distanciamiento, qué lugar ocupa el cuerpo, qué lugar el relato, cómo son las condiciones de producción de este montaje, cómo llega a lxs espectadorxs), y las potencialidades del teatro documento en el marco de la lucha feminista.
La recepción y la repercusión en prensa de este espectáculo, a casi seis meses de su estreno, demuestran que el tema de la maternidad y el de la violencia obstétrica son de enorme interés para el público general. Este ha resultado un montaje teatral pionero en este ámbito. Concluímos que una cuestión como la capacidad de decidir sobre el propio cuerpo, la propia gestación y parto y la propia maternidad de las mujeres es una cuestión política de primer orden, y situarla en la arena pública a través del teatro se constata como una estrategia de emancipación.
Preferences of Households for Schooling
Authors: Yasmeen Kausar , Mujtaba Hasan , Abbasian Ezatollah 
Published: May 2020

This paper examines the parent’s presences of private versus public schooling of their children as an outcome of different family size parent’s characteristics, child’s characteristics and school characteristics which are further divided into more subcategories such as income of parents, medium of instruction of school, locality education, age of child, and adult’s members of family so these are the main areas to find out the results. Households are of pivotal importance in educational outcomes of any country because no matter what the government planes so the key decision comes from households. Probit model has used for estimating effect of all these mentioned attributes on school presence by using analysis. Data has been collected from Multan, Taunsa Shareef and DG of Pakistan. We conclude that there is strong preference for private schools not only in the higher income class but economic class particularly in urban areas. It has been observed that income and education of parents and school characteristics such as medium of instruction especially and the positive attributes in school presence, so this attribute is towards private schooling economically well off parents and educated parents prefer higher schooling standards for their spring off. Child characteristics have varied impact over school presence whereas family size has negative relation with the school presence towards private schooling.
La Agroindustria Yerbatera Argentina: Agro, conflictos y políticas públicas en los márgenes. Misiones (1953- 2013)
Authors: Rodríguez Lisandro 
Published: May 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar la construcción social e histórica de la Región Yerbatera Argentina. El eje de análisis se detiene en examinar las transformaciones del modelo económico y sus repercusiones en esta agroindustria. La propuesta consiste en describir las estrategias y metodologías desplegadas por el Estado para la promoción del desarrollo rural. Al mismo tiempo, se pretende reconocer las relaciones de poder y los conflictos agrarios que se suscitan en un territorio marginal y de frontera como lo es la actual provincia de Misiones. La premisa es identificar los desequilibrios agrarios al interior de esta región como consecuencia de la concentración e integración en la actividad. Boletines oficiales de la Comisión Reguladora de la Yerba Mate (CRYM); datos del Instituto Nacional de la Yerba Mate (INYM), documentos originales de las cooperativas yerbateras (memorias y balances), publicaciones periódicas del Movimiento Agrario de Misiones y entrevistas a actores claves conforman el corpus documental de este abordaje.
Metals by Micro‐Scale Additive Manufacturing: Comparison of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties
Authors: Reiser Alain , Koch Lukas , Dunn Kathleen A. , Matsuura Toshiki , Iwata Futoshi , Fogel Ofer , Kotler Zvi , Zhou Nanjia , Charipar Kristin , Piqué Alberto , Rohner Patrik , Poulikakos Dimos , Lee Sanghyeon , Seol Seung Kwon , Utke Ivo , van Nisselroy Cathelijn , Zambelli Tomaso , Wheeler Jeffrey M. , Spolenak Ralph 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMany emerging applications in microscale engineering rely on the fabrication of 3D architectures in inorganic materials. Small‐scale additive manufacturing (AM) aspires to provide flexible and facile access to these geometries. Yet, the synthesis of device‐grade inorganic materials is still a key challenge toward the implementation of AM in microfabrication. Here, a comprehensive overview of the microstructural and mechanical properties of metals fabricated by most state‐of‐the‐art AM methods that offer a spatial resolution ≤10 μm is presented. Standardized sets of samples are studied by cross‐sectional electron microscopy, nanoindentation, and microcompression. It is shown that current microscale AM techniques synthesize metals with a wide range of microstructures and elastic and plastic properties, including materials of dense and crystalline microstructure with excellent mechanical properties that compare well to those of thin‐film nanocrystalline materials. The large variation in materials' performance can be related to the individual microstructure, which in turn is coupled to the various physico‐chemical principles exploited by the different printing methods. The study provides practical guidelines for users of small‐scale additive methods and establishes a baseline for the future optimization of the properties of printed metallic objects—a significant step toward the potential establishment of AM techniques in microfabrication.
Stretchable and Transparent Conductive PEDOT:PSS‐Based Electrodes for Organic Photovoltaics and Strain Sensors Applications
Authors: Dauzon Emilie , Lin Yuanbao , Faber Hendrik , Yengel Emre , Sallenave Xavier , Plesse Cedric , Goubard Fabrice , Amassian Aram , Anthopoulos Thomas D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe development of transparent, conducting, and stretchable poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)‐based electrodes using a combination of a polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymer network and the surfactant Zonyl is reported. The latter improves the ductility of PEDOT:PSS and enables its deposition on hydrophobic surfaces such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomers, while the presence of a 3D matrix offers high electrical conductivity, elasticity, and mechanical recoverability. The resulting electrode exhibits attractive properties such as high electrical conductivity of up to 1230 S cm−1 while maintaining high transparency of 95% at 550 nm. The potential of the electrode technology is demonstrated in indium‐tin‐oxide (ITO)‐free solar cells using the PBDB‐T‐2F:IT‐4F blend with a power conversion efficiency of 12.5%. The impact of repeated stretch‐and‐release cycles on the electrical resistance is also examined in the effort to evaluate the properties of the electrodes. The interpenetrated morphology of the PEDOT:PSS and polyethylene oxide network is found to exhibit beneficial synergetic effects resulting in excellent mechanical stretchability and high electrical conductivity. By carefully tuning the amount of additives, the ability to detect small changes in electrical resistance as a function of mechanical deformation is demonstrated, which enables the demonstration of stretchable and resilient on‐skin strain sensors capable of detecting small motions of the finger.
Rechargeable Na–SO2Battery with Ethylenediamine Additive in Ether‐Based Electrolyte
Authors: Liu Xizheng , Ma Wenqing , Lei Xiaofeng , Zhang Shichao , Ding Yi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRechargeable metal–SO2batteries have drawn tremendous attention because it can accelerate SO2fixation/utilization and offer high energy density. Herein, a rechargeable Na–SO2battery based on an ether‐based liquid electrolyte with an ethylenediamine (EDA) additive is realized via the reversible formation/decomposition of Na2S2O4. Experimental investigations reveal that the EDA additive provides three benefits by simultaneously decreasing the overall electrode polarization, increasing the full discharge capacity, and improving battery cyclability. At a current density of 250 mA g−1, the full discharge capacity of the battery with the EDA additive is more than twice of a similar system in the absence of EDA. In addition to the significantly enhanced capacity, the as‐assembled Na–SO2battery demonstrates excellent cyclic stability after 200 cycles, which is equivalent to a total duration of 1600 h. Moreover, the corrosion resistance of Na anode is strengthened with the aid of EDA in the SO2‐containing liquid electrolyte. This work will pave the way for Na–SO2batteries as a promising battery technology toward both pollutant gas utilization and energy storage.
Fibril Network Strategy Enables High‐Performance Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Xie Yuanpeng , Cai Yunhao , Zhu Lei , Xia Ruoxi , Ye Linglong , Feng Xiang , Yip Hin‐Lap , Liu Feng , Lu Guanghao , Tan Songting , Sun Yanming 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe development of semitransparent organic solar cells (ST‐OSCs) represents a significant step toward the commercialization of OSCs. However, the trade‐off between power conversion efficiency (PCE) and average visible transmittance (AVT) restricts further improvements of ST‐OSCs. Herein, it is demonstrated that a fibril network strategy can enable ST‐OSCs with a high PCE and AVT simultaneously. A wide‐bandgap polymer PBT1‐C‐2Cl that can self‐assemble into a fibril nanostructure is used as the donor and a near‐infrared small molecule Y6 is adopted as the acceptor. It is found that a tiny amount of PBT1‐C‐2Cl in the blend can form a high speed pathway for hole transport due to the well distributed fibril nanostructure, which increases the transmittance in the visible region. Meanwhile, the acceptor Y6 guarantees sufficient light absorption. Using this strategy, the optimized ST‐OSCs yield a high PCE of 9.1% with an AVT of over 40% and significant light utilization efficiency of 3.65% at donor/acceptor ratio of 0.25:1. This work demonstrates a simple and effective approach to realizing high PCE and AVT of ST‐OSCs simultaneously.