bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High gain steerable antenna with different substrate materials for satellite applications
Authors: Wady M. , Swelam W. , Adel Azeem Mohamed H. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In our analysis in this paper we have improved the design of microstrip antenna array to be used in the non-geostationary satellite systems with electronically steerable beam which can trace the desired earth station on Earth without any need to change the angle of the cube satellite in space so we can save the batteries on the satellite board with low cost, easy to fabricate antenna, The array antenna consists of multiple patches and multi feeders with different phases to control the steerable beam electronically, The antenna array operates in Ka frequency bandwidth and consists of 6*6 elements with gain reaches 18.8dBi, each element in the array has the dimensions of ( 4.6mm * 2.6mm ) with rounded edges and the total size of the antenna array is (5.43 cm * 3.33 cm), there are narrow strip fences applied between elements to reduce the effect of mutual coupling and in accordance reduce the sidelobe level of the antenna array.
Smart Packing Simulator for 3D Packing Problem Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Khairuddin U. , Razi N. A. Z. M. , Abidin M. S. Z. , Yusof R. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Every year, at least 100 million tons of solid waste globally comes from packaging waste, in which partly created by inefficient packaging. Multiple box arrangement or bin packing solution directly addresses this problem which also affects storing space in production, manufacturing and logistics sector. Smart packing algorithm is designed for solving three-dimensional bin/container packing problem (3DBPP) which has numerous practical applications in various fields including container ship loading, pallet loading, plane cargo, warehouse management and parcel packing. This project investigates the implementation of genetic algorithm (GA) for a smart packing simulator in solving the 3DBPP applications. The smart packing system has an adaptable chromosome length GA for more robust implementation, where chromosome length will be changing with number of boxes. It can optimize multiple box arrangements and the boxes movements and positions are simulated through each GA generations, for realistic adaptation. The system is able to make optimum arrangement for the boxes so they can fit into a smallest container possible. The time taken for GA to converge varies with number of boxes.
Characteristics of Electromagnetic Scattering from Vegetation Models using Random Wire Structures with Applications to Land Imaging SAR Systems
Authors: Soliman S A M , Hussein K F A , Ammar A A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Clouds of both random curly wires and randomly-oriented straight wires with good conductivity are used to construct random volume models to simulate structures found in vegetation areas on the ground surface like naturally cultivated plants involving grass, trees, primary crops and chaff clouds. A variety of such random volumes are then subjected to incident electromagnetic plane wave of specific polarization to study the properties of electromagnetic scattering from such natural objects existing on the earth surface. It is shown that the frequency dependence of the Radar Cross Section (RCS) of such random structures has maxima around the frequencies corresponding to the natural modes of the wire structures constituting the volumetric model. On the other hand, the frequency behaviour of the RCS of these random clouds exhibits sharp peaks or anti-peaks over very narrow intervals of the frequency due to the generation of internal resonant modes between the finite-length pairs of wires constituting the random clouds. It is shown that such maxima, sharp peaks and anti-peaks of frequency behaviour of the backscattered field are very important to extract useful information for construction of microwave images and, also, for the classification of the vegetation areas that appear in earth remote sensing Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images taken for the ground surface. The polarization properties of the fully polarimetric backscattering coefficients collected by a land imaging SAR system are studied through electromagnetic simulation.
Broadband Printed-Dipole Antenna for 4G/5G Smartphones
Authors: Khalifa M. , Khashan L. , Badawy H. , Ibrahim Fawzy 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, mobile communication systems are required to provide larger bandwidth and higher data rates to accommodate the increasing number of subscribers, and the vast amount of data handling. The fifth generation (5G) requires higher frequency bands as the sub-six and the millimeter bands. New designs for antennas are expected to fulfil these requirements in addition to covering the current mobile systems. Thus, there is an increasing demand to design antennas that cover both 4G and 5G bands for mobile communication systems. In this paper, a novel design based on monopole antenna of various shapes and dimensions is introduced. The single-element antenna yields an |S11| better than −6-dB over the operating frequency bands of (1.24 GHz- 2.64 GHz) and (3.34GHz- 5 GHz) with gain and efficiency of 5 dBi and 80% respectively. So, the proposed antenna covers 23 bands of the total (32) 5G NR bands in addition to 30 LTE bands.
Simplified Hybrid Secure Algorithm for Mobile Banking Application
Authors: Ismail Abdelfattah Roayat , Awad Sherif , Nasr Mohamed E 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
M-banking is one of the main divisions of m-commerce. It provides daily banking operations to the customer using his mobile with the supported application. But the current applications are facing security challenges due to the limitations of mobile resources. There are two major schemes. First, the public key infrastructure (PKI) but, suffers the scalability and certificate management problems. Second, the identity-based public key cryptography (IBPKC) but has key escrow problem. In this paper a modified algorithm to solve these problems by combining elliptic curve Signcryption with certificateless cryptography and enhance the security with lower computational time. From the results, the proposed algorithm has superior performance compared with earlier schemes. Also, it supports multiple types of messages (such as document and multimedia).
Enhancing the Design of Arthroscopic Shaver to Reduce Stresses Experienced
Authors: Hafez Nader , El-Anwar MI , Atia Mostafa R. A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In light of the scarcity of design data for arthroscopic surgery equipment due to manufacturers’ non-disclosure of research and patents, the aim of the presented work is to study the mechanical stresses experienced by the arthroscopic shaver during soft tissue resection, thus reaching a new design that enhances performance and tool life. The finite element analysis method was used to determine the effect of changing either the tooth angle or rotational speed on stresses experienced by the shaver by creating a model on ANSYS Explicit Dynamics Module. Results were analysed to find that a tooth angle in the range of 55° to 62° would achieve less stresses on the blades, as well as verifying that cutting at 1500 rpm is the most suitable speed for a longer tool life. This research is a part of a project implemented by the NRC and is planned to be verified by experimental work.
To what extent can cirrus cloud seeding counteract global warming?
Authors: Gasparini Blaž , McGraw Zachary , Storelvmo Trude , Lohmann Ulrike 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The idea of modifying cirrus clouds to directly counteract greenhouse gas warming has gained momentum in recent years, despite disputes over its physical feasibility. Previous studies that analyzed modifications of cirrus clouds by seeding of ice nucleating particles showed large uncertainties in both cloud and surface climate responses, ranging from no effect or even a small warming to a globally averaged cooling of about 2.5 °C. We use two general circulation models that showed very different responses in previous studies, ECHAM6-HAM and CESM-CAM5, to determine which radiative and climatic responses to cirrus cloud seeding in a 1.5 × CO2 world are common and which are not. Seeding reduces the net cirrus radiative effect for −1.8 W m−2 in CESM compared with only −0.8 W m−2 in ECHAM. Accordingly, the surface temperature decrease is larger in CESM, counteracting about 70% of the global mean temperature increase due to CO2 and only 30% in ECHAM. While seeding impacts on mean precipitation were addressed in past studies, we are the first to analyze extreme precipitation responses to cirrus seeding. Seeding decreases the frequency of the most extreme precipitation globally. However, the extreme precipitation events occur more frequently in the Sahel and Central America, following the mean precipitation increase due to a northward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. In addition, we use a quadratic climate damage metric to evaluate the amount of CO2-induced damage cirrus seeding can counteract. Seeding decreases the damage by about 50% in ECHAM, and by 85% in CESM over the 21 selected land regions. Climate damage due to CO2 increase is significantly reduced as a result of seeding in all of the considered land regions.
Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Superfine Cu2O Sphere with Smooth Surface on Degradation of Methyl Orang
Authors: Wu Yurong , Xu Longshan , Hu Yanling , Jiang Yanying 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Superfine cuprous oxide (Cu2O) spheres with smooth surface have been successfully synthesized by using gelatin as template. The possible mechanism for the formation of superfine Cu2O sphere is revealed. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Transmission electron microscope (TEM) indicated that the as-obtained powder was cubic structure, pure, uniform, monodispersed Cu2O spherical polycrystalline with smooth surface. What’s more, the photocatalytic activity of the superfine Cu2O spherical polycrystalline is investigated under visible light irradiation. It is worth noting that the superfine Cu2O microspheres have a highly selective adsorption for anionic dyes, such as methyl orange, and the mechanisms of absorption were mainly attributed to electrostatic adsorption.
Comparison between GaN and SiC for power switching transistor application
Authors: Yu Haoxiang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Semiconductor has been widely used in industry ever since its invention and has experienced three generations. However, there are still many problems existing in the third generation semiconductors industry such as making process and cost. This paper mainly discusses the differences between GaN and SiC in material properties and fabrication process. Material properties include band-gap, critical field strength, carrier mobility, and thermal conductivity. For fabrication process, GaN is normally used homoepitaxy approach and SiC is used heteroepitaxy approach. The details in these two approaches are given in the paper.
Comparison Between Competing Requirements of GaN and SiC Family of Power Switching Devices
Authors: Zhang Yuanhang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
GaN and SiC have been widely investigated for future power switching systems with high efficiencies. So far, prototypes of working transistors using these wide bandgap materials have demonstrated the superior performances suggesting the great potential. This article compares two materials over three main requirements in the power switching realm: the blocking voltage, the conduction loss (power efficiency) and the cost. Based on the comparison, a conclusion is drawn that GaN and SiC will be coexistent for each of them has own advantages and neither of them can replace the other.
Analysis of Current Situation and Trend of Modern Coal Chemical Technology
Authors: Jing Du , Xujie Xu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The rapid development of modern coal chemical enterprises and progress in the technical research and application demonstrate the great potential of the industry. For example, they have been strong performers in manufacturing substitute natural gas, coal-to-liquids and coal-based chemicals, boosting demands for its products. The scale of medium and large enterprises indicates a satisfied overall situation with promising future. The paper discussed the technical development of the modern coal chemical industry in general and the future of the industry.
Recent research on ohmic contacts on GaN-based materials
Authors: Liu Yuan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The most important components in most of the electronic products today, such as computers, mobile phones or digital recorders, are closely related to semiconductor. Semiconductors have a long history. Currently, there are some obstacles in the way of the further development of this material. Therefore, this paper mainly focuses on the ohmic contacts between metals and semiconductor with the help of recent research. In the end, a general conclusion is drawn on the electrical behavior of metal contacts on GaN for further advances in this field of GaN-based devices and materials.
Comparison between The ultra-wide band gap semiconductor AlGaN and GaN
Authors: He Jiajie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The emergence of the ultra-wide band gap semiconductor, whose band gaps considerably wider than 3.4 eV (GaN), opens a new era in many fields because of their many superior property. The major material of the UWBG semiconductor is high Al-content AlGaN and the studies find these material have stunning strengths in ultra-high power and ratio-frequency electronics, deep-ultraviolet optoelectronics, quantum information and electronics for extreme-environment applications. In this article, by comparing GaN and ultra-wide band gap AlGaN, people can know the strengths of AlGaN, lacks of GaN and realize why AlGaN will replace GaN in some applications and why GaN will continually be used by people in some applications.
Ubiquitin binding domains – from structure to application
Authors: Yang Ruofan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Ubiquitin is one of the most important signal molecular in biological process and ubiquitination plays essential roles in many signal transduction pathways. In most cases, they function as a post transcription modification on target protein as a monomer or a chain, which could recruit other protein with ubiquitin binding domains (UBDs) to enable signal transduction. The UBDs are variant on structure and recognition site on ubiquitin. For the variant function the UBDs gives, UBDs are good tools pool for material design such as ubiquitin pathway inhibitor, ubiquitin enrichment material and manufactural specific ubiquitin chain antibody. In this review, we summarize some recent work on UBDs characterization and application.
Research on Ship Electronic Power System Fault Diagnosis Based on Expert System
Authors: Liang Chao , Wang Shudong , Chen Rui , Zhao Shuo , Wu Yongyong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the difficulty in locating the fault point quickly and accurately after the ship electronic power system fault. In this paper, fault diagnosis expert system is used to diagnose the fault occurred to ensure stability of power supply of ship power system. The possible faults are divided into four categories on the base of analysis of ship electrical system fault characteristics. Frame structure is used to describe the connections between the various parts of the ship power system in knowledge presentation. Expert system uses production rules to describe the specific fault and combine the ideal of fuzzy inference to dealing with the uncertainty in fault diagnosis at the same time. The expert system designed in this paper can find fault points and provide solutions quickly and accurately and improves the reliability of the ship power system by test.
Research on compressed air energy storage technology based on photovoltaic power generation system
Authors: Wu Yongyong , Wang Shudong , Chen Rui , Zhao Shuo , Liang Chao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
At the present time of rapid development of social economy, the upsurge of “energy revolution” has come. Clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system is undoubtedly the current research hotspot. Micro-grid with photovoltaic power supply has become an important way for renewable energy utilization. However, there are still some problems in the operation of micro-grid with photovoltaic power supply in terms of power supply reliability and power quality. By adopting energy storage control technology to control the operation of the micro-grid with photovoltaic power supply, the reliability of the micro-grid operation can be effectively improved, so that the renewable energy utilization form can be effectively applied.
Design of Resonant Wireless Charging Device for Public Electric Bicycle
Authors: Zhao Shuo , Wang Shudong , RuiChen  , Liang Chao , Wu Yongyong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
As a starting point for the difficulty of charging public electric bicycles, this paper proposed a convenient and efficient charging device design concept, namely the design of resonant wireless charging device applied to public electric bicycles. Firstly, the main wireless charging technology on the market is introduced. Secondly, the design of the resonant wireless charging device is analysed including the charging principle, main circuit design and its advantages. The device supply power in centimeters or meters, even if there are obstacles in the charging range, energy can be efficiently transmitted, and it can be applied to the public electric bicycle parking hall, which can effectively solve the problem of difficult charging.
Study of the influence of heat treatment process on the mechanical performance of wedge shaped components
Authors: Shi Guangfeng , Huang Change , Liao Weiqi , Li Jiangchun , Minxiong Xie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Mine Splitter is widely used in mining machinery, and wedge assembly components are very important parts of it. In this work, we studied wedge assembly’s element content by EDS, and through different heat treatments to improve the performance of wedge assembly components of Mine splitter. The heat treatment process of wedge assembly components is divided into quenching, quenching and tempering to find the changes on microstructure and mechanical properties. It is found that after quenching at 840°C and tempering at 450°C, the structure is tempered Sorbite with the highest strength and wear resistance and the best comprehensive mechanical properties.
Study on the migration of bisphenols from plastic food contact materials to food simulants
Authors: Qiu Yue , Ruan Yan , Zhang Lu , Li Genrong , Tan Chaolan , Xia Zhining 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A rapid method for the detection of bisphenols was established by ultra performance convergence chromatography (UPC2). The migration rules of bisphenols in four different simulants including of pure water, acetic acid, ethanol and isooctane were first studied, and the effect of extraction solvent on recovery of bisphenols in aqueous simulants was also investigated. Furthermore, the influence of extraction solvent on recovery of bisphenols in aqueous simulants was discussed, and the relationship between migration amount of bisphenols and food simulants, migration time, migration temperature and other factors were explored. The experimental results showed that toluene exhibited the optimal extraction efficiency for bisphenols in aqueous simulants; bisphenols presented the most obvious migration in fatty food simulants; the migration amount of bisphenols increased with the extension of time; the migration rate and amount of bisphenols also enhanced with the increment of contact temperature.
Thermodynamics of CuO/AC Adsorbent Deactivating on PH3-containing off gas
Authors: Jiang Ming , Jiang Qi , Li Tianguo , Li Bo , Zhan Fangdong , He Yongmei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The thermodynamics of activated carbon modified with CuO (CuO/AC) adsorbent deactivation by PH3 was simulated using an HSC thermodynamics database. Chemical reactions were analyzed at adsorption temperatures ranging from 0 to 100°C, and the Gibbs free energy values of all reactions were compared. The results showed that impurities (O2, H2, CO) in off-gas can deactivate CuO in the adsorbent. O2 was primarily responsible for CuO deactivation, and the thermodynamic competitiveness of the reaction involving O2 was the strongest. The most easily generated deactivation products were Cu(OH)2 and P4O10. The adsorption temperature did not obviously affect the deactivation of CuO/AC.
Effect of Trees Knot Defects on Wood Quality: A Review
Authors: Qu Hongyue , Chen Ming , Hu Yuan , Lyu Jianhua 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This paper reviews the research progress of effect of trees knot defects on wood quality, including the research strategy, technology, model, and research directions. Firstly, the effect of the knot on the appearance, mechanical properties, mechanical processing properties, chemical composition and bonding properties of wood were summarized. Secondly, the relationship between the influence of the knot on the quality of the wood and the size, position, color, type, shape and distribution of the knot were analyzed. Then, the advantages and disadvantages of different non-destructive testing methods and different prediction models were analyzed and compared. The following conclusions on future research trends can be drawn from the literature review and analysis: 1) Improve the fitting degree of the prediction model of the influence of the knot on the wood quality; 2) Optimize the single detection method and multiple detection methods to combine organically, and the test results are combined with the artificial cultivation of trees to fundamentally reduce the impact of knots on wood quality; 3) Develop on-line technology to measure the effect of knots on wood quality, and make different wood products based on the test results to maximize the utilization of wood.