bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Morphological Control of Organic Semiconducting Materials Using the Precursor Approach
Authors: Yamada Hiroko , Kuzuhara Daiki , Suzuki Mitsuharu , Hayashi Hironobu , Aratani Naoki 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Pristine π-extended aromatic compounds are attractive as organic functional materials including organic semiconductors, but are difficult to synthesize in pure form because of their low solubility in common organic solvents. The precursor approach is a very useful method to synthesize pure π-extended aromatic compounds that cannot be prepared via traditional organic synthesis in flasks. In this approach, pure precursors are first prepared; these precursors are then converted quantitatively to the target molecules via a retro-Diels–Alder reaction or Strating–Zwanenburg photodecarbonylation reaction. This approach has also been used for the on-surface synthesis of the large acenes, heptacene and nonacene, under ultra-high vacuum in order to investigate their electronic properties, and is useful for the control of the packing structure of organic semiconductors in solution–processed films. The charge carrier mobilities of organic photovoltaics and organic field effect transistors have been improved using the precursor approach in combination with substituent effects. This account focuses on the synthesis and morphological control of aromatic compounds using the precursor approach in our group in the last decade.
Increased ischemia-modified albumin levels in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Cakirca Gokhan , Guzelcicek Ahmet , Yilmaz Kenan , Nas Cemal 
Published: October 2020

Objective: Growing evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an important role in the development and progression of nephrotic syndrome (NS). In this study, we aimed to examine serum IMA levels as an indicator of oxidative stress in children with steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) in remission and relapse.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Pediatric Nephrology Unit of Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey, from April 2019 to December 2019. In this study Serum IMA and albumin levels were determined in 70 children with SSNS and 45 healthy controls. Among the children with SSNS, 50 were in remission and 20 were in relapse. Then, adjusted IMA levels were calculated from the IMA/albumin ratio.
Results: IMA and adjusted IMA levels significantly increased and albumin significantly decreased in children with SSNS in relapse and remission compared with those of the healthy controls. Moreover, these alterations were more prominent in the relapse group than in the remission group. IMA was inversely correlated with albumin in children with SSNS (r= −0.881, p= <0.001).
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that elevated IMA and adjusted IMA levels observed in patients with SSNS were associated with increased oxidative stress and could indirectly reflect the degree of oxidative damage in glomerular structures.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2924
How to cite this:Cakirca G, Guzelcicek A, Yilmaz K, Nas C. Increased ischemia-modified albumin levels in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(7):1490-1494. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.7.2924
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
La resignificación del discurso político a través de memes: el caso de Enrique Peña Nieto
Authors: Collado Campos Alejandra Nallely 
Published: October 2020

Los 'memesʼ se han convertido en una fuente de entretenimiento, información, denuncia y en aliados de la sociedad civil que emiten, comparten y hace circular la crítica política. En México, el sexenio presidencial de Enrique Peña Nieto (EPN) estuvo plagado de sucesos mediáticos que lo han hecho transitar, como figura política, del enaltecimiento y mediatización a su total detrimento y ridiculización mediante los memes. Se presenta una propuesta de análisis de discurso multimodal en memes de epn difundidos en páginas de Facebook durante el proceso electoral mexicano, entre el inicio de las campañas presidenciales y la toma de poder del nuevo presidente. Como resultado del análisis, se clasificaron memes por su origen en: lingüísticos hegemónicos y visuales hegemónicos. Por su contenido, se clasificaron en: meme noticia, meme del ridículo, meme insulto y meme despedida. Se concluye que los memes referidos registran las expresiones de distintas clases sociales sobre los errores de la clase política y en ellos se encuentra una resignificación cambiante y fluida que no mantiene el discurso de un solo lugar. Sus sujetos emisores politizan un discurso que circula y se codifica en lo mercantil y lo empresarial, decodificándose en cuestionamiento y oposición. Si bien su capacidad desestabilizadora no es total, su potencial no depende del meme en sí mismo, sino de un actor que idealmente puede usar al meme como vehículo de debate, expresión, manifestación y de crítica reflexiva hacia el poder público.
Computerized registry as a potential tool for surveillance and management of complex bone and joint infections in France
Authors: Lemaignen Adrien , Grammatico-Guillon Leslie , Astagneau Pascal , Marmor Simon , Ferry Tristan , Jolivet-Gougeon Anne , Senneville Eric , Bernard Louis 
Published: October 2020

Aims The French registry for complex bone and joint infections (C-BJIs) was created in 2012 in order to facilitate a homogeneous management of patients presented for multidisciplinary advice in referral centres for C-BJI, to monitor their activity and to produce epidemiological data. We aimed here to present the genesis and characteristics of this national registry and provide the analysis of its data quality. Methods A centralized online secured database gathering the electronic case report forms (eCRFs) was filled for every patient presented in multidisciplinary meetings (MM) among the 24 French referral centres. Metrics of this registry were described between 2012 and 2016. Data quality was assessed by comparing essential items from the registry with a controlled dataset extracted from medical charts of a random sample of patients from each centre. Internal completeness and consistency were calculated. Results Between 2012 and 2016, 30,607 presentations in MM were recorded corresponding to 17,748 individual patients (mean age 62.1 years (SD 18.4); 10,961 (61.8%) males). BJI was considered as complex for 63% of cases (n = 19,355), and 13,376 (44%) had prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). The controlled dataset, available for 19 centres, included 283 patients. Global consistency and completeness were estimated at 88.2% and 88.9%, respectively, considering missing items in the eCRFs as negative results. Conclusion This national registry is one of the largest prospective databases on BJI and its acceptable data quality parameters allow further use for epidemiological purposes. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(10):635–644.
On the Production, Mating and Behavior of Males in Synoeca surinama (Vespidae: Polistinae: Epiponini)
Authors: Dos Santos Carlos Alberto , Da Silva Marjorie , Noll Fernando Barbosa 
Published: October 2020

In colonies of Neotropical swarm-founding wasps (Epiponini), males are thought to be produced only in periods when there are many queens present. Little information is available regarding male behavior in and out of the nest, and male mating strategies are poorly understood. Here, a behavioral study of males of Synoeca surinama is provided and copulation behavior inside a nest is described for the first time. A description of an aggregation of non-natal males at a nest is also provided. The behavior of males was observed in three colonies subjected to removal of queens for another study. Nest envelope was partially removed, and the observations were made directly (seen by “the naked eye”) and indirectly (through camcorder recordings), daily. Production of males occurred in large colonies with number of workers being more relevant than the number of the queens. Males of the aggregation were marked and filmed. The aggregation of non-natal males was observed for seven consecutive days next to the largest colony; some of the males attended the aggregation on consecutive days. The males were observed accessing the comb by the opening in the envelope and courting new queens. One successful copulation on the comb of the nest was observed. In the colony where the male aggregation was observed, 47.6% of the new queens were inseminated while in the other two colonies, no new queens were inseminated. These observations suggest males are attracted to, aggregate and seek mating opportunities at non-natal colonies that are producing young adult queens.
Parasitoids of Polistes myersi Bequaert, 1934 (Vespidae, Polistinae)
Authors: Mayorga-Ch. Daniela , Sarmiento Carlos E 
Published: October 2020

Information about parasitoids of neotropical vespids is scarce. Parasitoids collected from 43 colonies of Polistes myersi Bequaert, 1934 and one ofPolistes erythrocephalus Latreille, 1813 are reported from an Andean region of Colombia. Colony parasitism rates in P. myersi ranged from 35 % to 57 %, being higher in colonies with more cells; however, the number of parasitized colonies did not differ when considering the mean number of adult wasps (8.2 vs. 8.1 respectively). Parasitoidism ranged from one up to four species per colony. P. myersi parasitoids were: Seminotalaeviceps (Cresson, 1879) (Trigonalidae); Signiphora polistomyiella Richards, 1935 (Signiphoridae); Elasmuspolistis Burks, 1971 (Eulophidae, Elasminae); and a new species of Xenos(Strepsiptera, Xenidae). The latter three are first records for Colombia. P. myersi and P. erythrocephalus are the first host reports for the trigonalid S.laeviceps. We also report an unknown Tachinid fly species of the tribe Blondeliini attacking P. myersi.
Reduction of differential modal gain in a two-mode amplifier using a
void-inscribed EDF
Authors: Yamashita Yoko , Matsui Takashi , Sakamoto Taiji , Aozasa Shinichi , Wada Masaki , Mori Takayoshi , Nakajima Kazuhide 
Published: October 2020

We propose a technique for reducing the differential modal gain (DMG)
that occurs in a two-mode erbium-doped fiber (2M-EDF) by inscribing
voids in the core center of a 2M-EDF with a femtosecond laser. We show
that an empty void inscribed at the core center can attenuate the
linearly polarized () mode selectively while suppressing
excess loss for the mode. We also reveal that DMG can be
controlled by means of void diameter. The longitudinal position
dependence of the void in a 2M-EDF was also investigated considering
its influence on gain and noise figure (NF) characteristics. Finally,
we realize a sufficiently low DMG of less than 0.5 dB in the full
C-band as well as a sufficient gain and NF by using the proposed
technique.
Simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain based on SCF-based MZI cascaded with FBG
Authors: Liu Yinggang , Song Xiaoya , Li Bowen , Dong Jingfei , Huang Liang , Yu Dakuan , Feng Dequan 
Published: October 2020

A novel seven-core fiber (SCF)-based sensor capable of simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain was proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensor consists of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and a SCF-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The MZI is formed by splicing a short section of SCF between two single-mode fibers (SMFs), and in the meantime, two fiber tapers that act as light splitter and coupler are formed at both ends of the SCF by the fusion splicing method. In addition, the FBG with a central wavelength of 1547.98 nm is cascaded at the end of one fiber taper, and thus simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain can be realized. The experiment result shows that the SCF-based MZI is only sensitive to temperature and has the higher temperature sensitivity of 93.11 pm/°C, while the FBG is sensitive to temperature and strain with sensitivities of 11.46 pm/°C and

0.627

p
m

/

µ
ε

, respectively. The corresponding temperature and strain resolutions of the sensor are 0.21°C and

27.95

µ

ε

, respectively. The proposed sensor has the advantages of simple fabrication and high repeatability and has potential applications in many fields such as engineering machinery and building structure health monitoring.
Constraints of nonseismic geophysical data on the deep geological structure of the Benxi iron-ore district, Liaoning, China
Authors: Xu Chun-Hui , Xue Lin-Fu , Peng Chong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Benxi area in Liaoning Province is one of the most important iron-ore districts in China. This study uses nonseismic geophysical data (in the form of gravity–magnetic–magnetotelluric data) and based on the section modeling method to model the deep, three-dimensional geological structure of the Benxi area. Based on the modeling results and deep geological structure characteristics, the Benxi area can be divided into three first-order deep geological tectonic units. A close relationship is between tectonic unit and iron-ore concentrations. First, high-quality iron-ore deposits occur within the tectonic boundary and sedimentary boundary zone of the Jiao–Liao–Ji Belt, reflects the protective effect of sedimentary cover on the iron-bearing formation. Second, enriched iron-ore deposits are mainly developed in Mesozoic granitic intrusion zone, reflects the hydrothermal leaching of silicon in host iron-bearing formations during magma intrusion. Thus, the findings of this study have important implications for future prospecting in the Benxi iron-ore district.
Asymptotic solution of the inverse problem for restoring the modular type source in Burgers’ equation with modular advection
Authors: Nefedov Nikolay Nikolaevich , Volkov V. T. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
For a singularly perturbed Burgers’ type equation with modular advection that has a time-periodic solution with an internal transition layer, asymptotic analysis is applied to solve the inverse problem for restoring the function of the source using known information about the observed solution of a direct problem at a given time interval (period).
Development of thin-film based sensors for temperature and tool wear monitoring during machining
Authors: Plogmeyer Marcel , González Germán , Schulze Volker , Bräuer Günter 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The development of thin-film sensors for temperature and wear measurement in machining operations is presented in this work. A functional thin-film system, consisting of an Al2O3 insulation layer, a chromium sensor layer structured by photolithography and an Al2O3 wear-protection and insulation layer, is deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes onto the surface of cemented carbide cutting inserts. First specimen of the sensors are successfully fabricated and tested in laboratory experiments as well as in machining operations to demonstrate their functionality. These tool-integrated sensors can be used as an in-process monitoring device to determine the temperatures on the rake face at or close to the tool-chip contact area and to measure the progress of the flank-wear land width. The knowledge of these important process parameters opens up the possibility to develop new in-process control mechanisms in order to modify and improve the surface integrity of manufactured components. Thereby, their performance and lifetime can be enhanced.
Jenseits von Donald Trump
Authors: Schlemmer Thomas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Das Podium Zeitgeschichte wirft ein kritisches Schlaglicht auf die deutsch-amerikanischen Beziehungen seit dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs. Dabei werden Faktoren der Stabilität und des Wandels herausgearbeitet, Kontinuitäten und Zäsuren untersucht, das spezifische Gewicht organisatorischer Strukturen der internationalen Politik bestimmt, der Einfluss personeller Konstellationen problematisiert und die Grenzen des transatlantischen Verständnisses ausgelotet. Dazu präsentiert das Podium Zeitgeschichte fünf sektorale Analysen auf Feldern von besonderer Bedeutung: erstens die bilateralen politischen Beziehungen im Kontext der internationalen Politik (Philipp Gassert); zweitens Partnerschaft und Kontroversen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Sicherheits- und Bündnispolitik (Andreas Etges); drittens Wirtschaft, Handel und Finanzen als ebenso stabilisierende wie konfliktbehaftete Säule des transatlantischen Austauschs (Stormy-Annika Mildner); viertens Konjunkturen des Konservatismus als Gradmesser für Kommunikationskanäle und -blockaden zwischen der Bundesrepublik und den USA (Michael Hochgeschwender); fünftens gegenseitige Wahrnehmungen, Bilder und Stereotype, deren Dekonstruktion eine bessere Bestimmung des Grads von Nähe oder Fremdheit zulässt (Reinhild Kreis und Jan Logemann).
Distillation time effecting on the composition of Origanum floribundum essential oils and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Kerbouche Lamia , Hazzit Mohamed , Baaliouamer Aoumeur , Akretche Soraya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The essential oils (EOs) of Origanum floribundum Munby, an aromatic and medicinal plant endemic in Algeria, were extracted by different hydrodistillation times (30 min, 1, 2 and 3 h) and analyzed by GC and GC–MS. The chromatographic analysis showed that thymol (32.7–45.0%), p-cymene (16.8–23.1%) and γ-terpinene (21.6–28.7%) were the most prominent components of the oils. The antioxidant ability was measured using the reductive potential, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay and the inhibition of free radicals DPPH● and ABTS●+. Antibacterial activity was assessed by the disc diffusion method against three bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and one fungus (Candida albicans). Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using a microdilution method. Thymol is one of the compounds of EOs, which are widely reported as very biologically active. Although the oil isolated for 30 min was the less-thymol rich, it was the most active with all the antioxidant tests. In the most cases, the antimicrobial activity showed the best results with oils isolated for 30 min and 3 h (MIC = 0.25–1.75 μL/mL). These results suggest that it might be possible to isolate the EO from this plant for a minimum distillation time to obtain oil that can give maximum biological activities.
Implication of time equation in mature and immature area of ramp using time driven activity-based costing
Authors: Zaini S.N.A.M. , Abu M.Y. 
Published: October 2020

Malaysia currently accounts for 28% of world palm oil production and 33% of world exports. Being one of the biggest producers and exporters of palm oil and palm oil products, Malaysia has an important role to play in fulfilling the growing global need for oils and fats sustainably. In recent times, few problems have actually happened in this plantation which are difficult to establish a time equation for analyzing the variation of activities, the rate establishment is unsuitable to display the connection between resources supplied and the practical capacity and the manager does not have a method for monitoring capacity usage and unused capacity. The aim of this work is to develop the time equation of mature and immature area at ramp for a better accuracy. Time driven activity-based costing (TDABC) is implemented because the time is successfully measured, the idle capacity is correctly determined and the capacity used and the unused capacity are differently listed. This work considers a data in 2017 to develop the solution. This work found that in the mature area from the available capacity utilization, ramp has high unused capacity with 67492.80 min which means the resources should be forecast properly in future. Meanwhile in the immature area, ramp has closest value to the practical capacity with 6667.20 min and RM5667.12 which indicates the company properly utilizes their resources. Therefore, TDABC provides more comprehensive understanding of practical resources and its associated costs while measuring processes and encouraging quality improvement.
Impact of a surface on the electro-reflectance spectra of n-Si(110) and their polarization anisotropy
Authors: Gentsar P.O. , Vuichyk M.V. , Stronski A.V. 
Published: October 2020

The electro-reflectance spectra, including their polarization dependencies were analyzed for n-Si(110) in the energy range of 2.9-3.8 eV. Based on the optical anisotropy of electro-optical effect, two contributions originated from a surface, (isotropic part relates to the linear electro-optical effect which inherent for (110) surface) and bulk, (anisotropic part relates to the Franz–Keldysh effect) were identified and separated. The presence of such extreme is explained by the zero value of the electron wave function on the surface and (or) the structure gettering of the free carriers.
Draft Genome of the Common Snapping Turtle,Chelydra serpentina, a Model for Phenotypic Plasticity in Reptiles
Authors: Das Debojyoti , Singh Sunil Kumar , Bierstedt Jacob , Erickson Alyssa , Galli Gina L J , Crossley Dane A , Rhen Turk 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTurtles are iconic reptiles that inhabit a range of ecosystems from oceans to deserts and climates from the tropics to northern temperate regions. Yet, we have little understanding of the genetic adaptations that allow turtles to survive and reproduce in such diverse environments. Common snapping turtles, Chelydra serpentina, are an ideal model species for studying adaptation to climate because they are widely distributed from tropical to northern temperate zones in North America. They are also easy to maintain and breed in captivity and produce large clutch sizes, which makes them amenable to quantitative genetic and molecular genetic studies of traits like temperature-dependent sex determination. We therefore established a captive breeding colony and sequenced DNA from one female using both short and long reads. After trimming and filtering, we had 209.51Gb of Illumina reads, 25.72Gb of PacBio reads, and 21.72 Gb of Nanopore reads. The assembled genome was 2.258 Gb in size and had 13,224 scaffolds with an N50 of 5.59Mb. The longest scaffold was 27.24Mb. BUSCO analysis revealed 97.4% of core vertebrate genes in the genome. We identified 3.27 million SNPs in the reference turtle, which indicates a relatively high level of individual heterozygosity. We assembled the transcriptome using RNA-Seq data and used gene prediction software to produce 22,812 models of protein coding genes. The quality and contiguity of the snapping turtle genome is similar to or better than most published reptile genomes. The genome and genetic variants identified here provide a foundation for future studies of adaptation to climate.