bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Luo Nana , Ruan Dan , Pang Yi-zhen , Shang Qi-hang , Chen Hao-jun , Guo Wei , Hao Bing , Wu Hua , Sun Long 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Biopsy is considered the gold-standard technique for prostate cancer diagnosis and is recommended in patients with a high clinical indication of prostate cancer. In this study, we aimed to determine the diagnostic efficacy of a novel positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space-based approach to targeted prostate biopsy.Methods PET/CT-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space prostate biopsies were performed in 14 consecutive patients with indications of prostate cancer. Whole-body 18 F-FDG PET/CT indicated the presence of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-avid focal prostate lesions. Two tissue specimens were obtained from each patient. The final diagnoses were established based on the results of a histopathological analysis and clinical follow-up, and these findings were used to verify the diagnostic accuracy of 18 F-FDG PET/CT for prostate cancer.Results The diagnostic accuracy of 18 F-FDG PET/CT for prostate cancer was 81.8%. Further analyses of the two biopsied samples per patient led to confirmed histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnoses of prostate cancer in all 14 patients. Consequently, the success rate of PET/CT-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space prostate-targeted biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer was 100.0% (14/14). Regarding safety, the average duration of biopsy was 20 min, and no serious complications occurred.Conclusions PET/CT-guided percutaneous trans-pararectal space prostate biopsy may yield a new approach to targeted prostate biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Moreover, this biopsy procedure can be performed safely without complications, and is more cost-effective than conventional trans-rectal and trans-perineal prostate biopsy methods.
International Palliative Care Research Priorities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hasson Felicity , Nicholson Emma , Muldrew Deborah , Bamidele Olufikayo , Payne Sheila , McIlfatrick Sonja 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: There has been increasing evidence and debate on palliative care research priorities and the international research agenda. To date, however, there is a lack of synthesis of this evidence, examining commonalities, differences, and gaps. To identify and synthesize literature on international palliative care research priorities originating from Western countries mapped to a quality assessment framework.Methods: A systematic review of several academic and grey databases were searched from January 2008- June 2019 for studies eliciting research priorities in palliative care in English. Two researchers independently reviewed, critically appraised, and conducted data extraction and synthesis.Results: The search yielded 10,235 articles (academic databases, n = 4108; grey literature, n = 6127), of which ten were included for appraisal and review. Priority areas were identified: service models; continuity of care; training and education; inequality; communication; living well and independently; and recognising family/carer needs and the importance of families. Methodological approaches and process of reporting varied. There was little representation of patient and caregiver driven agendas. The priorities were mapped to the Donabedian framework for assessing quality reflecting structure, process and outcomes and key priority areas.Conclusions: Limited evidence exists pertaining to research priorities across palliative care. Whilst a broad range of topics were elicited, approaches and samples varied questioning the credibility of findings. The voice of the care provider dominated, calling for more inclusive means to capture the patient and family voice. The findings of this study may serve as a template to understand the commonalities of research, identify gaps, and extend the palliative care research agenda.
The prevalence and correlates of burnout among Chinese preschool teachers
Authors: Li Shen , Li Yibo , Lv Hao , Jiang Rui , Zhao Peng , Zheng Xin , Wang Lili , Li Jie , Mao Fuqiang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: A series of studies have suggested that teachers are likely to experience professional burnout in various regions around the world. To date, no known research has been conducted to investigate the prevalence and correlates of burnout among preschool teachers in China.
Objective: This study examined the level of self-reported burnout and correlates of burnout among Chinese preschool teachers.
Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted among1795 preschool teachers in Tianjin, China, during August 2018- October 2018. The validated Chinese version of the 15-item Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to assess burnout. A self-administered questionnaire collected the sociodemographic factors. The psychological factors were collected by the Chinese version of the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Perceived Stress Scale-14.
Results : The prevalence of burnout in Chinese preschool teachers was 53.2% ( 95% CI：51%─56%). Burnout rate was significantly decreased in overweight ( P =0.001, OR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.42-0.79) and obesity ( P =0.048, OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.56-1.00) teachers compared with teachers with normal weight. The type of school ( P =0.007, OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.11-1.91), income satisfaction ( P =0.001, OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.53-0.86), depression ( P <0.001, OR=3.08, 95% CI: 2.34-4.05) and perceived stress ( P <0.001, OR=1.15, 95%CI: 1.13-1.18) were significantly associated with burnout.
Conclusions : The prevalence of burnout among preschool teachers in Tianjin, China, is high. Burnout was significantly associated with BMI, the type of school, income satisfaction, depression and perceived stress among Chinese preschool teachers.
Keywords: Burnout, Stress, Preschool teachers, Depression
Intraocular pressure changes and corneal biomechanics after hyperopic small-incision lenticule extraction
Authors: Fu Dan , Li Meiyan , Knorz Michael C. , Wei Shengsheng , Shang Jianmin , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements by a dynamic Scheimpflug analyzer (Corvis ST), a non-contact tonometer, and an ocular response analyzer after hyperopic small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).Methods: Thirteen patients who underwent hyperopic SMILE in one eye were enrolled prospectively. IOP and corneal biomechanical parameters were measured preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively with a non-contact tonometer (IOPNCT), Corvis ST (biomechanical corrected IOP and biomechanical corrected IOP measured with Corvis ST [bIOP]), and an ocular response analyzer (Goldmann-correlated intraocular pressure [IOPg] and cornea compensated IOP [IOPcc]). A linear mixed model was used to compare the IOP and biomechanical values among methods at each time point.Results: IOPNCT, IOPg, and IOPcc dropped significantly after surgery, with the amplitude being 3.15±0.48 mmHg, 5.49±0.94 mmHg, and 4.34±0.97 mmHg, respectively, at the last follow-up visit. IOPNCT decreased by 0.11±0.06 mmHg per µm of excised central corneal thickness. bIOP did not change significantly after surgery. Preoperatively, no difference was found among the measurements (P> 0.05). Postoperatively, IOPNCT and bIOP were higher than IOPg and IOPcc. bIOP was independent of cornea thickness at last follow-up visit, whereas it correlated significantly with corneal biomechanics similar to the other three IOP values.Conclusion: bIOP is a relative accurate measure of IOP after hyperopic SMILE.
Clinically useful prediction of hospital admissions in an older population
Authors: Marcusson Jan , Nord Magnus , Dong Huan-Ji , Lyth Johan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The healthcare for older adults is insufficient in many countries, not designed to meet their needs and is often described as disorganized and reactive. Prediction of older persons at risk of admission to hospital may be one important way for the future healthcare system to act proactively when meeting increasing needs for care. Therefore, we wanted to develop and test a clinically useful model for predicting hospital admissions of older persons based on routine healthcare data.
Methods: We used the healthcare data on 40,728 persons, 75-109 years of age to predict hospital in-ward care in a prospective cohort. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify significant factors predictive of unplanned hospital admission. Model fitting was accomplished using forward selection. The accuracy of the prediction model was expressed as area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, AUC.
Results: The prediction model consisting of 38 variables exhibited a good discriminative accuracy for unplanned hospital admissions over the following 12 months (AUC 0·69 [95% confidence interval, CI 0·68–0·70]) and was validated on external datasets. Clinically relevant proportions of predicted cases of 40 or 45% resulted in sensitivities of 62 and 66%, respectively. The corresponding positive predicted values (PPV) was 31% and 29%, respectively.
Conclusion: A prediction model based on routine administrative healthcare data from older persons can be used to find patients at risk of admission to hospital. Identifying the risk population can enable proactive intervention for older patients with as-yet unknown needs for healthcare.
Carbon Nanoparticles Enhance Potassium Uptake via Upregulating Potassium Channel Expression and Imitating Biological Ion Channels in BY-2 Cells
Authors: Chen Lijuan , Yang Jinchu , Li Xiang , Liang Taibo , Nie Cong , Xie Fuwei , Liu Kejian , Peng Xiaojun , Xie Jianping 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) have been reported to boost plant growth, while the mechanism that CNPs enhanced potassium uptake for plant growth have not been reported so far.
Results: In this study, the function that CNPs promoted potassium uptake in BY-2 cells was established and the potassium accumulated in cells had a significant correlation with the fresh biomass of BY-2 cells. The K+ accumulation in cells increased with the increasing concentration of CNPs. The K+ influx reached high level after treatment with CNPs and was significantly higher than that of the control group and the negative group treated with K+ channels blocker, tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA+). The K+ accumulation was not reduced in the presence of CNPs inhibitors. In the presence of potassium channel blocker TEA+ or CNPs inhibitors, the NKT1 gene expression was changed compared with the control group. The CNPs were found to preferentially transport K+ than other cations determined by rectification of ion current assay (RIC) in a conical nanocapillary.
Conclusions: These results indicated that CNPs upregulated potassium gene expression to enhance K+ accumulation in BY-2 cells. Moreover, it was speculated that the CNPs simulated protein of ion channels via bulk of carboxyl for K+ permeating. These findings will provide support for improving plant growth by carbon nanoparticles.
Identification of E2 with improved secretion and immunogenicity against CSFV in piglets
Authors: Xu Huiling , Wang Yanli , Han Guangwei , Fang Weihuan , he fang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Outbreaks of Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) cause significant economic losses in the swine industry. Vaccination is the major method to prevent and control the disease. As live attenuated vaccines fail to elicit differentiable immunity between infected and vaccinated animals, subunit vaccine was considered as an alternative candidate to prevent and eradicate CSFV. Subunit vaccines present advantages in DIVA immunogenicity and safety. The technology was limited due to the low yield and the high cost with multiple and large doses. The native E2 signal peptide has not been well defined before. Here, the aim of this study is to develop a cost-effective and efficacious E2 vaccine candidate against CSFV with signal peptide and E2 sequence selection. Results: A novel CSFV E2 sequence (E2ZJ) was identified from an epidemic strain of Zhejiang for outstanding secretion in baculovirus and enhanced immunogenicity. E2 secretion induced with the selected signal peptide, SPZJ (SP23), increase at least 50% as compared to any other signal peptides tested. Besides, unique antigenic features were identified in E2ZJ. As indicated with immunized sera in IFA against CSFV infection, E2ZJ elicited CSFV antibodies at the earlier stage than other E2 types tested in mice. Moreover, higher level of neutralizing and CSFV antibodies against CSFV with E2ZJ was detected than other E2s with the same dosage at 28 dpi. Further, E2ZJ successfully elicited neutralizing immunity in piglets. A single dose of 5 μg of E2ZJ was sufficient to induce protective antibodies against CSFV in piglets and provided 100% protection against lethal virus challenge. Conclusions: Our studies provide evidence that E2ZJ guided by a novel E2 signal peptide (SPZJ) was efficiently secreted and presented significantly improved immunogenicity than conventional E2 vaccines. Moreover, a single dose of 5 μg E2ZJ is efficacious against CSFV in piglets. Keywords: Classical swine fever virus; novel signal peptide; SPZJ-E2ZJ; subunit vaccine; protective immunity
A key genomic signature associated with lymphovascular invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Jian , Jiang Huali , Xie Tao , Wang Baiyao , Huang Xiaoting , Lin Jie , Xu Anan , Li Rong , Yuan Yawei 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective: Lymphovascular invasion (LOI), a key pathological feature of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), predicts poor survival. However, the associated clinical characteristics remain uncertain, and the molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Methods: Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to construct gene co-expression networks and investigate the relationship between modules and LOI clinical trait. Functional enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed for differentially expressed genes using DAVID database. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed using Cytoscape software, and module analysis was performed using MCODE. Prognosis role and expression analysis was further validated by survival analysis, GEPIA analysis and HPA database. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to establish a prognostic risk formula and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) were used to evaluate prediction efficiency. And the potential targeted LOI molecular agents were identiﬁed with DrugBank. Results: 10 co-expression modules in two key modules (turquoise and pink) associated with tumor LOI were identiﬁed. Functional enrichment and KEGG analysis identified turquoise and pink modules played signiﬁcant roles in the progression of HNSCC. The seven hub genes (CNFN, KIF18B, KIF23, PRC1, CCNA2, DEPDC1 and TTK) in two modules were identiﬁed and validated by survival analysis and expression analysis. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to establish a prognostic risk formula (risk score = EXP DEPDC1 * 0.32636 + EXP CNFN * (-0.07544). The low-risk group had a better OS than the high-risk group ( P <0.001), and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of 1-, 3- and 5-year OS were 0.582, 0.634 and 0.636, respectively. Eight small molecular agents, including XL844, AT7519, AT9283, Alvocidib, Nelarabine, Benzamidine, L-Glutamine, and Zinc, may be a candidate drug for treating LOI ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our research revealed the two-mRNA signature could serve as an independent biomarker to predict LOI risk, which provide some new insights into LOI of HNSCC. Additionally, the small molecular agents may be a candidate drug for treating LOI.
Episodes of Violence Suffered by Migrants Transiting Through Libya: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Reception and Healthcare Centre
Authors: reques laura , Aranda-Fernandez E , Rolland C , Grippon A , Reboul C , Godard N , Luhmann N 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The Central Mediterranean Route, passing through Libya, is one of the most dangerous for migrants. Episodes of violence have been documented but have not been accurately quantified. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of episodes of violence suffered in Libya by migrants consulting a Médecins du Monde reception and healthcare centre.Methodology: Monocentric cross-sectional study. All migrants over the age of 18 years who had passed through Libya and arrived in Europe from 2017 during the recruitment period (February -May 2019). The presence of emotional distress was considered as an exclusion criterion.. The proportion, frequency and factors associated to physical, deprivation and sexual violence were estimated through a bespoken questionnaire, as well as healthcare access and psychosocial support needs.Results: 98 people were recruited and 72 were interviewed (17 refused to participate and 9 were excluded). 76.4% were men, mean for the age was 31.9 years, 76.4% had low educational level, 66.7% came from Ivory Coast and 59.7% had left their country for security reasons. The median length of stay in Libya was 180 days. The overall proportion of participants having suffered from violence was 96.4% among men and 88.2% among women. The prevalence of physical, deprivation and sexual violence for men and women were 94.2%, 81.7% and 18% and 80.0%, 86.7% and 53.3%, respectively. No other statistical differences were found. Access to healthcare in Libya was non-existent. 63.9% of participants were oriented to psychosocial support after the interview. Conclusions: The vast majority of migrants report having been victims of violence during their transit through Libya. Women are at particular risk of sexual violence. Psychosocial support for this population is urgent.
Are maternal metabolic syndrome and lipid profile associated with preterm delivery and preterm premature rupture of membranes?
Authors: Niyaty Shiva , Moghaddam-Banaem Lida , Sourinejad Hadis , Mokhlesi Samira 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background We aimed to evaluate the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components and lipid profile in mid-pregnancy with preterm delivery and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted on 203 pregnant women between 24-28 weeks of gestation, undergoing the gestational diabetes screening test with 50 gr glucose challenge test (GCT). Fasting serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high -density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured during the week after GCT assessment. Information on the participants' pre-pregnancy weight, demographic/ reproductive characteristics, and height and blood pressure (BP) measurements were documented at baseline entry into the study. Metabolic syndrome was defined as the co-existence of 3 or more of the following criteria: Body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy≥30 kg/m2, BP≥130/85 mmHg, GCT≥140mg/dl, TG≥150mg/dl, and HDL-C≤50mg/dl. All participants were followed through routine prenatal care, up to delivery. Any deliveries or rupture of membranes of less than or equal to weeks of pregnancy, were considered preterm delivery and PPROM respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS V.20, and p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results MetS was detected in 10 (4.9%) of participants. Logistic regression analysis showed HDL-C levels, and hypertension had significant effects on spontaneous preterm delivery occurrence [(OR: 0.952, 95%CI: 0.910_0.995), (OR: 1.629, 95% CI: 1.554_1.709) respectively], but no statistically significant results were found for PPROM. Conclusions Low HDL-C levels and hypertension in mid-pregnancy may increase the occurrence of spontaneous preterm deliveries, indicating that MetS and its components should be monitored more closely in pregnancy.
The effect of different dietary structure on gastrointestinal dysfunction in children with cerebral palsy and epilepsy based on intestinal flora
Authors: Zhang Anquan , Huang Congfu , Li Xiuyun , Peng Yuanping , Yang Zhenyu , Ge Lan , Wu Genfeng , Huang Shuyuan , Wang Peiqin , Dai Wenkui , Lyu Yansi , Wang Linlin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) difficulties are very common among children with cerebral palsy (CP) and comorbid epilepsy. GI function is influenced by dietary structure on intestinal flora. The aim of this study was to compare intestinal flora changes in two dietary groups of this population and examine whether such differences are related to GI dysfunction. Methods: Forty children with CP and epilepsy were recruited from among patients being cared for at a social welfare center, including 23 consuming a (semi)fluid diet (liquid diet group) and 17 consuming a normal diet (general diet group). Bacterial DNA was extracted from feces, the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified from the DNA, and high-throughput sequencing of the amplified sequences was performed. Microbe prevalence levels were compared on multiple phylogenic levels. Results: Gut microbial populations differed substantially between the liquid diet and general diet groups. The only two phyla that differed significantly between the two groups were Bacteroidetes ( p = 0.034) and Actinobacteria ( p = 0.013). Regarding representation of genera, Prevotella species were selectively predominant in the general diet group (25.849% vs. 3.612% in the liquid diet group , p < 0.001), while Bifidobacterium species were selectively predominant in the liquid diet group (24.929% vs. 12.947% in the general diet group, p = 0.013). The gut flora of children in the general diet group contained more butyric acid-producing flora which was also common in healthy people (e.g. Lachnoclostridium, Dorea, Ruminococcus, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, and Coprococcus ). The gut flora of children in liquid diet group however, were rich in symbiotic pathogenic bacteria (e.g. Collinsella , Alistipes , and Eggerthella ). Conclusion: The intestinal flora of children with CP and epilepsy consuming a liquid diet had elevated levels of symbiotic pathogens and diminished intestinal barrier protection bacteria, relative to a general diet group. These alterations in bacterial flora were associated with GI dysfunction symptoms. Key words Obstipation; Cerebral palsy; Epilepsy; Intestinal flora; Gastrointestinal dysfunction