bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collective Advanced Life Support Ambulance An Innovative Transportation of Critical Care Patients by Bus in COVID-19 Pandemic Response
Authors: Lentz Thierry , Groizard Charles , Colomes Abel , Ozguler Anna , Baer Michel , Loeb Thomas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, as the number of available Intensive Care beds in France did not meet the needs, it appeared necessary to transfer a large number of patients from the most affected areas to the less ones. Mass transportation resources were deemed necessary. To achieve that goal, the concept of a Collective Advanced Life Support Ambulance (CALSA) was proposed in the form of a long-distance bus re-designed and equipped so as to accommodate up to six intensive care patients and allow Advanced Life Support (ALS) techniques to be performed while en route.Methods: The expected benefit of the CALSA, when compared to ALS ambulances accommodating a single patient, was to reduce the resources requirements, in particular by a lower personnel headcount for several patients being transferred to the same destination. A foreseen prospect, comparing to other collective transportation vectors such as airplanes, was the door-to-door capability, minimalizing patients’ handovers for safety concerns and time efficiency. With the project of a short-distance transfer of several Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients together, the opportunity came to test the CALSA under real-life conditions and evaluate safely its technical feasibility and impact in time and resources saving, before it could be proposed for longer distances.Results: Four COVID-19 patients were transported over 37 km. All patients were intubated and under controlled ventilation. One of them was under Norepinephrine support. Mean loading time was 1min 39s. Transportation time was 29 min. At destination, the mean unloading time was 1min 15s. No serious adverse effect, in particular regarding hemodynamic instability or ventilation disorder, has been observed. No harmful incident, in particular no accidental extubation, has occurred.Conclusions: It was a very instructive test. Collective medical evacuation by bus for critically ill patients under controlled ventilation is suitable and easy to implement. Design, ALS equipment, power autonomy, safety and resources saving, open the way for carrying up to 6 ICU-patients over a long distance. The CALSA could bring a real added-value in an epidemic context and could also be helpful in many other events generating multiple victims such as an armed conflict, a terrorist attack or a natural disaster.
Happy Hypoxia: Higher NO in red blood cells of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Moratz Esmaeil , Malekmohammad Majid , Jamaati Hamidreza , Naghan Parisa Adimi , Hashemian Mohammadreza , Tabarsi Payam , Varahram Maohammad , Zaheri Hamidreza , Chousein Efsun Gonca Uğur , Folkerts Gert , Adcock Ian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread to almost 100 countries, infected over 10M patients and resulted in 505K deaths worldwide as of 30th June 2020. The major clinical feature of severe COVID-19 requiring ventilation is acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) with multi-functional failure as a result of a cytokine storm with increased serum levels of cytokines. The pathogenesis of the respiratory failure in COVID-19 is yet unknown, but diffuse alveolar damage with interstitial thickening leading to compromised gas exchange is a plausible mechanism. Hypoxia has been seen in the COVID-19 patients however, patients present with a distinct phenotype. Intracellular levels of NO playing important role in the vasodilation of small vessels.Objectives: To elucidate the intracellular levels of NO inside of RBCs in COVID-19 patients compared with that of healthy control subjects.Methods: We recruited 14 COVID-19 infected cases who had pulmonary involvement of their disease, 4 non-COVID-19 healthy controls (without pulmonary involvement and were not hypoxic) and 2 hypoxic non-COVID-19 patients subjects who presented at the Masih Daneshvari Hospital of Tehran, Iran between March-May 2020. Whole blood samples were harvested from patients and intracellular levels of NO in 1 million red blood cells (RBC) was measured by DAF staining using flow cytometry (FACS Calibour, BD, CA, USA).Results: The Mean florescent of intensity for NO was significantly enhanced in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy control subjects (P≤0.05). As a further control for whether hypoxia induced this higher intracellular NO, we evaluated the levels of NO inside RBC of hypoxic patients. No significant differences in NO levels were seen between the hypoxic and non-hypoxic control group.Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrates increased levels of intracellular NO in RBCs from COVID-19 patients. Future studies should examine whether intracellular NO would be increased in large number of COVID-19 patients for usage of possible NO therapy in severe patients.
Chronic Social Stress Impairs Prefrontal Cortical Myelination in Juvenile Mice
Authors: Sun Xuan , Yu Qiu-Hui-Hong , Luo Fei , Li Bao-Ming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a key brain region mediating many cognitive functions, and its structures and functions are particularly vulnerable to stress. Chronic social defeat stress (CSD) has been proposed as a model of anxiety/depressive-like behaviors. In the present study, we examined whether CSD affects the myelination in the medial PFC (mPFC) in mice. Our results show that CSD dramatically reduced the myelin basic protein (MBP) staining in the mPFC, with no effect on the MBP-labeling in the motor cortex, striatum, hippocampus and corpus callosum. Consistently, the CSD mice demonstrated a significant increase in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (PDGFRα+ cells) and a significant decrease in mature oligodendrocytes (CC1+/Olig2+ cells) in the mPFC. The present study demonstrates that CSD impairs the differentiation of oligodendrocytes and myelination in the mPFC, suggesting a potential mechanism for stress-induced change in PFC-dependent behaviors.
A Qualitative Exploration of Racial and Ethnic Differences in Cost of Care Conversations Among Older Adults
Authors: Conner Kyaien Oquinn , Wiltshire Jaqueline , Garcia Edlin Colato , Langland-Orban Barbara , Anderson Erica , Carrion Iraida , Goodman Amber , Goodman Ashley 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The rapidly growing racially diverse, aging population in the United States is presenting unique challenges for our social, economic, and healthcare systems. Rising health care costs, increased patient cost-sharing, and limited financial resources make this generation of older Americans susceptible to large medical bills or debt which disproportionally impacts older racial/ethnic minorities. Cost-of-care (CoC) conversations between patients and doctors is one recommended approach to containing health care costs and alleviating patients’ financial burden of care.Methods: The current study used focus group methodology to qualitatively explore the contextual factors that influence CoC conversations in a diverse sample of older adults (N=27). Results: Three focus groups were held with White (n=10), African American (n= 9) and Hispanic/Latino (n=8) participants. Thematic analysis yielded four broad themes. Results suggest that CoC conversations are not occurring with physicians, although conversations are occurring with dentists and pharmacists. Contributors to CoC conversations included positive provider affect, rapport/relationship building, and communication. Barriers included: new age physicians, lack of physician training, wait time, lack of focus on the patient, language, provider preferences, fear of physicians, and religion; however, there was little similarity across racial/ethnic groups.Conclusions: The results of this qualitative study suggest that cost-of-care conversations are not occurring between providers and their patients. Several barriers, contributors, and solutions to cost-of-care conversations were identified by focus group participants, which have important implications for the field, and are addressed in this manuscript.
Metallized ε-FeOOH and the heterogeneous electrical conductivity structure in the lower mantle
Authors: Zhuang Yukai , Cui Zhongxun , Tang Ruilian , Tao Renbiao , Hou Mingqiang , Li Kuo , Chen Jiuhua , Hu Qingyang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Electrical heterogeneity at the depth of 900-1400 km in Earth’s interior is a key factor to constrain the minor phase composition of the lower mantle. However, prevailing mineralogical models including Fe- or Al-enriched silicates or ferropericlase are insufficient to explain the ultra-high electrical conductivity in local areas of subduction slabs. Here, we measure the electrical conductivity of ε-FeOOH up to 61 GPa. A 3-order abrupt jump of electrical conductivity is observed in 45-50 GPa, reaching 1.24±0.19 × 103 S/m at 61 GPa. Density mean field theory simulations suggest that ε-FeOOH undergoes a Mott-type electronic transition, which leads the conduction mechanism to switch from small polaron conduction to free electron conduction. Compared with bridgmanite, ferropericlase and conventional mantle compositional models, the electrical conductivity of the metallic ε-FeOOH is 1-3 orders of magnitude higher. Minor or moderate incorporation of metallic ε-FeOOH into the ambient lower mantle could reproduce the observed electrical heterogeneity derived from geomagnetic data at 900-1400 km depth.
Evaluation of the Chemo-Radiotherapy Effect on the Level of Expression of miR-374 Gene Expression in Rectal Cancer Samples
Authors: Ahmadi Azam , Bayatiani Mohamd Reza , Seif Fatemeh , Ansari Jamshid , Rashidi Parisa , Moghadasi Mona , Etemadi Mobarake 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
WITHDRAWN: A Systematic Review of the Literature Regarding Physical, Cognitive and Emotional Outcomes in Older Adults Practitioners of Physical Exercise
Authors: Araque-Martínez Miguel Ángel , Artés-Rodríguez Eva María , Casimiro-Andújar Antonio Jesús , Ruiz-Montero Pedro Jesús 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This systematic review provides an overview about those papers with a specific physical exercise intervention aimed to improve physical, cognitive and/or emotional outcomes in healthy older people aged 60 or over. Studies with no intervention whose sample were active healthy older adults were also included.Methods: An exhaustive literature search was done through two databases, including studies from January 2000 to July 2020. Results: Of the 2006 identified records, 66 met the inclusion criteria and were selected. Results from the review showed a wide variety of older adults and lengths of the interventions, from five weeks (the shortest one) to five years. Aerobic exercise, either isolated or combined with strength performance, was also the most common type of exercise recognized in this systematic review.Conclusions: Findings also suggest that the number of studies with all, physical, cognitive and emotional outcomes have been increasing during recent years in healthy older adults.
Telemedicine Intervention Efficiency on Mobility Recovery After Bariatric Surgery: The MyGoodTrip Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bruzzi Mathieu , Carette Claire , Puerto Katia Lurbe i , Poghosyan Tigran , Bretault Marion , Vilfaillot Aurélie , Chatellier Gilles , Chevallier Jean-Marc , Czernichow Sébastien , Rives-Lange Claire 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The use of telemedicine may improve mobility recovery in patients with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. Our aim was to evaluate a telemedicine intervention program dedicated to the promotion of physical activity including teleconsultation and telemonitoring on patients’ number of steps in the six first months following bariatric surgery. Methods: This study was an open label randomized controlled trial. Patients were included during the first week after bariatric surgery. Patients were randomized in two groups of telemedicine intervention: (i) physical coaching focusing on mobility (=TelePhys group) or (ii) dietary coaching (=TeleDiet group). The primary outcome was the difference in the delta number of steps measured during a period of 14 days at the first and sixth postoperative months between the TelePhys and the TeleDiet groups. Data were collected using the connected wireless watch pedometer. Body weight evolution and health-related quality of life were also evaluated. An additional qualitative approach was conducted to evaluate patients’ perception of the connected devices used in the trial.Results: Ninety patients with mean age (SD) 40.6 years (±10.3) were included. Seventy-three patients were females (81.1%) and 62 had gastric bypass (69%). The two intervention groups were comparable at inclusion except for the number of steps significantly higher in the TelePhys group (1073.102 ± 471.102 versus 839.102 ± 437.102, p=0.045). An increase of the mean number of steps between the first and the sixth month was found in both groups but this delta was significant only in the TeleDiet group (p=0.010). No difference was found when comparing the delta between the two intervention groups. A significant increase in quality of life was observed in both groups without any significant differences between the two interventions. Conclusions: Our study was not able to show a significant superiority of a telemedicine intervention dedicated to physical activity in mobility recovery after bariatric surgery. The early postoperative time frame for our intervention may explain the null findings. Further research will need to focus on long-term interventions.Trial registration: This study was registered the 23th of March 2016 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02716480).
Sleep and Its Importance for Health-Related Quality of Life in 3–10-Year-Old Children
Authors: Sundell Anna Lena , Angelhoff Charlotte 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Considering the reports of increasing sleep problems in children, affecting health and well-being in young children and their families, we found it important to gain more knowledge about sleep and its correlation to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young, healthy children. The aim with this study was to describe sleep quality, sleep duration, and HRQoL in healthy 3–10-year-old children and to test associations between children’s sleep and HRQoL. Methods: Parents of 160 children (average age: 6.9 years, SD ±2.2) participated in the study. Sleep onset problems (SOP), sleep maintenance problems (SMP), and sleep duration were measured by the Pediatric Insomnia Severity Index (PISI). KIDSCREEN-27 was used to measure HRQoL in five dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, autonomy and parent relation, social support and peers, and school environment. Results: The average score was 2.2 for SOP (SD +/-2.2) and 1.3 for SMP (SD +/-1.6). Almost all children (98%) slept between 8 and 13 hours per night. Younger children had statistically significantly more sleep problems than older children. Correlations were found between SOP and poor psychological well-being (p < 0.05, ρ = - 0.16), and between SMP and poor psychological well-being (p < 0.05, ρ = - 0.21), poor school environment (p < 0.01, ρ = - 0.29), and poor social support and peers (p < 0.05, ρ = - 0.19). Conclusion: Children’s sleep associates with psychosocial well-being, school functioning and relations to peers, and need to be acknowledged in child health care settings and schools.
Health Related Quality of Life Among Heart Failure Patients Attending an Outpatient Clinic at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Northwest Ethiopia 2020: Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Tarekegn Gebrekidan Ewnetu , Gezie Lemma Derseh , Birhan Tilahun Yemanu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is one of the most important public health concerns in the industrialized and developing world having increasing incidence and prevalence. Measuring quality of life using rigorous statistical method may be helpful to provide input for decision makers, policy makers and development of guidelines for the Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine health-related quality of life and its associated factors among heart failure patients attending University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed to select 469 heart failure patients who has follow up at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital consecutively from March 1 to 30, 2020. Data were entered to Epi-info7 and exported to STATA 14 and Amos for further analysis. The four Quality of life domains were measured with Standardized World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF. Structural equation modeling was employed to estimate the relationships among exogenous, mediating, and endogenous variables simultaneously. Results: Chronic heart failure patients had a significant lower mean score in all domains of health-related quality of life (p-value< 0.0001). Age had a direct positive effect on all domains of health-related quality of life and a positive total effect on overall health related quality of life. Residency also had a direct negative effect on both physical and environmental health related quality of life domain. Duration of chronic heart failure had a direct negative effect on psychological health. There was strong correlation among the four domains of health-related quality of life.ConclusionPoor health related quality of life in the physical dimension, moderately poor overall health related quality of life and a moderate health related quality of life in the psychological health domain. Developing and providing intervention programs to enhance social support can lead to improved quality of life for patients, because of the long-term and chronic illness of the patient.
Serum iron, prealbumin, D-dimer and prothrombin time are indicators of the diagnosis, severity and outcome of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection
Authors: Li Xiaowei , Wang Shaoxin , Yu Lan , Wang Xiaohui , Yan Zhihui , Zheng Yan , Li Yanjun , Liu Xiaona , Rong Jia , Cui Lihong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aims Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) infection is one of the main causes of foodborne illness among individuals in the military. In this study, we aimed to investigate indicators associated with the diagnosis, severity and outcome of S. Enteritidis infection, and to analyze the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolated S. Enteritidis strains.Methods Routine stool test, fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs), routine blood tests and blood biochemical analyses were completed in our clinical laboratory. The stool samples were inoculated on Salmonella Shigella (SS) agar plates, the single bacterial colony was identified with mass spectrometry (MS). The serum agglutination test was performed to identify the Salmonella serotype. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) method with the VITEK 2 COMPACT analyzer.Results Recently, 6 patients from one company visited our department complaining of fever, watery stool, abdominal pain and so on. The patients’ white blood cell (WBC) counts (66.7%), neutrophil percentages (100%), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (100%), prothrombin times (PTs, 100%) and serum D-dimer concentrations (83.3%) were higher or longer than normal, while serum iron (100%) and prealbumin (83.3%) were lower than normal when they were admitted. Stool cultures and serovar identification results indicated S. Enteritidis infection. The antimicrobial susceptibility results showed that the 6 isolated bacterial strains were sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and levofloxacin, and resistant to ampicillin. All patients were administered levofloxacin accompanied by rifaximin and probiotics, and their symptoms and the abovementioned parameters were recovered. During the disease course, the prolonged PT, elevated D-dimer and decreased serum iron were positively correlated with severe symptoms and serum inflammatory indexes.Conclusion Prolonged PT, elevated D-dimer and hypoferremia were associated with the diagnosis, severity and outcome of S. Enteritidis infection, and a decreased prealbumin level was associated with the diagnosis of S. Enteritidis infection. In patients complaining of acute fever, watery stool and abdominal pain, PT, D-dimer，prealbumin and serum iron should be monitored to attain an early diagnosis and initiate appropriate treatment for S. Enteritidis infection.
Prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia among schoolchildren in Um-Asher Area, Sudan
Authors: Hajissa Khalid , Muhajir Abd Elhafiz M.A. , All Tmador Abd , Zakeia M.S. , Eshag Hamza Adam , Elnzer Elfadel , Nahied Elkhatieb , Jafer Muhamed , Sabo Abdulwali , Mohamed Zeehaida 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: Infections with Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia are widely prevalent and responsible for serious public health issues among school-aged children in developing countries. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of these parasites among children from two primary schools in Um-Asher area, Khartoum, Sudan. A total 170 fresh stool specimens were collected from November 2017 to June 2018. The samples were examined by microscopy for the presence of the two parasites. Results: The overall prevalence of both parasites among the 170 children was 20%, with 13 children infected with E. histolytica (7.6%) and 23 with G. lamblia (13.5%). Most of the positive cases were single infections. Only two children (1.2%) had mixed infections. This indicates that these gastrointestinal parasites remain a challenging public health concern wherever sanitation and health measures are limited.
Identification of aberrantly methylated-differentially expressed genes and potential agents for Ewing’s sarcoma
Authors: Gao Shijie , Li Guowang , Yu Hao , Yuan Shiyang , Li Wenxiang , Xiang Ziqian , Ruan Wendong , Ning Guangzhi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

DNA methylation is a common epigenetic regulatory way, and it plays a critical role in various human diseases. However, the potential role of how DNA methylation impacts Ewing’s sarcoma (ES) is not clear. This study aimed to explore the regulatory role of DNA methylation in ES.
Methods

The microarray data of gene expression and methylation were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and analyzed via GEO2R. Venn analysis was then applied to identify aberrantly methylated differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, Function and pathway enrichment analysis was conducted. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Hub genes were determined. Besides, a connectivity map (CMap) analysis was performed to screen bioactive compounds for ES treatment.
Results

A total of 135 hypomethylated high expression genes and 523 hypermethylated low expression genes were identified. The hypomethylated high expression genes were enriched in signal transduction and the apoptosis process. Meanwhile, hypermethylated low expression genes were related to DNA replication and transcription regulation. We next determined 10 hub genes through PPI analysis, among them, C3, TF, and TCEB1 might serve as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Furthermore, CMap analysis revealed 6 chemicals as potential options for ES treatment.
Conclusions

For the first time, we jointly analyzed gene profiling and methylation data about ES. The introduction of DNA methylation characteristics over DEGs is helpful to understand the pathogenesis of ES. The identified hub aberrantly methylated DEGs and chemicals might provide some novel insights on ES treatment.