bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking Thorne–Żytkow Object Formation: The Fate of X-Ray Binary LMC X-4 and Implications for Ultra-long Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Hutchinson-Smith Tenley , Everson Rosa Wallace , Twum Angela A. , Batta Aldo , Yarza Ricardo , Law-Smith Jamie A. P. , Vigna-Gómez Alejandro , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present a start-to-end simulation aimed at studying the long-term fate of high-mass X-ray binaries and whether a Thorne–Żytkow object (TŻO) might ultimately be assembled. We analyze results from a 3D hydrodynamical simulation that models the eventual fate of LMC X-4, a compact high-mass X-ray binary system, after the primary fills its Roche lobe and engulfs the neutron star companion. We discuss the outcome of this engulfment within the standard paradigm of TŻO formation. The post-merger angular momentum content of the stellar core is a key ingredient, as even a small amount of rotation can break spherical symmetry and produce a centrifugally supported accretion disk. Our findings suggest the inspiraling neutron star, upon merging with the core, can accrete efficiently via a disk at high rates (≈10−2
M
⊙ s−1), subsequently collapsing into a black hole and triggering a bright transient with a luminosity and duration typical of an ultra-long gamma-ray burst. We propose that the canonical framework for TŻO formation via common envelope needs to be revised, as the significant post-merger accretion feedback will unavoidably unbind the vast majority of the surrounding envelope.
Dust-obscured Galaxies in the XMM-SERVS Fields: Selection, Multiwavelength Characterization, and Physical Nature
Authors: Yu 喻 Zhibo 知博 , Brandt W. N. , Zou Fan , Zhu Ziyuan , Bauer Franz E. , Cristello Nathan , Luo Bin , Ni Qingling , Vito Fabio , Xue Yongquan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) are enshrouded by dust and many are believed to host accreting supermassive black holes (SMBHs), which makes them unique objects for probing the coevolution of galaxies and SMBHs. We select and characterize DOGs in the 13 deg2 XMM-Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey (XMM-SERVS), leveraging the superb multiwavelength data—from X-rays to radio. We select 3738 DOGs at z ≈ 1.6–2.1 in XMM-SERVS, while maintaining good data quality without introducing significant bias. This represents the largest DOG sample with thorough multiwavelength source characterization. Spectral energy distribution modeling shows DOGs are a heterogeneous population consisting of both normal galaxies and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our DOGs are massive (

log

M
⋆

/

M
☉

≈
10.7
-
11.3

), 174 are detected in X-rays, and they are generally radio-quiet systems. X-ray detected DOGs are luminous and are moderately to heavily obscured in X-rays. Stacking analyses for the X-ray undetected DOGs show highly significant average detections. Critically, we compare DOGs with matched galaxy populations. DOGs have similar AGN fractions compared with typical galaxy populations. X-ray detected DOGs have higher M
⋆ and higher X-ray obscuration, but they are not more star-forming than typical X-ray AGNs. Our results potentially challenge the relevance of the merger-driven galaxy-SMBH coevolution framework for X-ray detected DOGs.
Considerations for Photochemical Modeling of Possible Hycean Worlds
Authors: Cooke G. J. , Madhusudhan N. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
JWST is revolutionising the study of temperate sub-Neptunes, starting with the first detection of carbon-bearing molecules in the habitable-zone sub-Neptune K2-18 b. The retrieved abundances of CH4 and CO2 and nondetection of NH3 and CO in K2-18 b are consistent with prior predictions of photochemical models for a Hycean world with a habitable ocean. However, recent photochemical modeling raised the prospect that the observed abundances may be explained by a mini-Neptune scenario instead. In this study, we explore these scenarios using independent photochemical modeling with K2-18 b as a case study. We find the previous results to be sensitive to a range of model assumptions, such as the photochemical cross sections, incident stellar spectrum, surface pressure, UV albedo, and metallicity, significantly affecting the resulting abundances. We explore a wide model space to investigate scenarios that are compatible with the retrieved molecular abundances for K2-18 b. Our analysis shows that the previously favored mini-Neptune scenario is not compatible with most of the retrieved abundances, while the Hycean scenarios, both inhabited and uninhabited, provide better agreement. An uninhabited Hycean scenario explains most of the abundance constraints, except CH4, which is generally underabundant but dependent on the model assumptions. The inhabited Hycean scenario is compatible with all the abundances if the observed CH4 is assumed to be predominantly biogenic. Our results underscore the importance of systematic photochemical modeling and accurate interpretation of chemical abundance constraints for candidate Hycean worlds.
An Empirical Framework Characterizing the Metallicity and Star-formation History Dependence of X-Ray Binary Population Formation and Emission in Galaxies
Authors: Lehmer Bret D. , Monson Erik B. , Eufrasio Rafael T. , Amiri Amirnezam , Doore Keith , Basu-Zych Antara , Garofali Kristen , Oskinova Lidia , Andrews Jeff J. , Antoniou Vallia , Geda Robel , Greene Jenny E. , Kovlakas Konstantinos , Lazzarini Margaret , Richardson Chris T. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present a new empirical framework modeling the metallicity and star formation history (SFH) dependence of X-ray luminous (L ≳ 1036 erg s−1) point-source population X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) in normal galaxies. We expect that the X-ray point-source populations are dominated by X-ray binaries (XRBs), with contributions from supernova remnants near the low luminosity end of our observations. Our framework is calibrated using the collective statistical power of 3731 X-ray detected point sources within 88 Chandra-observed galaxies at D ≲ 40 Mpc that span broad ranges of metallicity (Z ≈ 0.03–2 Z
⊙), SFH, and morphology (dwarf irregulars, late types, and early types). Our best-fitting models indicate that the XLF normalization per unit stellar mass declines by ≈2–3 dex from 10 Myr to 10 Gyr, with a slower age decline for low-metallicity populations. The shape of the XLF for luminous X-ray sources (L ≳ 1038 erg s−1) significantly steepens with increasing age and metallicity, while the lower-luminosity XLF appears to flatten with increasing age. Integration of our models provides predictions for X-ray scaling relations that agree very well with past results presented in the literature, including, e.g., the L
X–SFR–Z relation for high-mass XRBs in young stellar populations as well as the L
X/M
⋆ ratio observed in early-type galaxies that harbor old populations of low-mass XRBs. The model framework and data sets presented in this paper further provide unique benchmarks that can be used for calibrating binary population synthesis models.
A High-resolution Far-infrared Survey to Probe Black Hole–Galaxy Co-evolution
Authors: Bonato Matteo , Leisawitz David , De Zotti Gianfranco , Sommovigo Laura , Shivaei Irene , Urry C. Megan , Farrah Duncan , Spencer Locke , Ricketti Berke V. , Rana Hannah , Aalto Susanne , Sanders David B. , Mundy Lee G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Far-infrared (FIR) surveys are critical to probing the co-evolution of black holes and galaxies, since of the order of half the light from accreting black holes and active star formation is emitted in the rest-frame IR over 0.5 ≲ z ≲ 10. For deep fields with areas of 1 deg2 or less, like the legacy surveys GOODS, COSMOS, and CANDELS, source crowding means that subarcsecond resolution is essential. In this paper, we show with a simulation of the FIR sky that observations made with a small telescope (2 m) at low angular resolution preferentially detect the brightest galaxies, and we demonstrate the scientific value of a space mission that would offer subarcsecond resolution. We envisage a facility that would provide high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy over the wavelength range 25–400 μm, and we present predictions for an extragalactic survey covering 0.5 deg2. Such a survey is expected to detect tens of thousands of star-forming galaxies and thousands of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), in multiple FIR lines (e.g., [C ii], [O i], and [C i]) and continuum. At the longest wavelengths (200–400 μm), it would probe beyond the Epoch of Reionization, up to z ∼ 7–8. A combination of spectral resolution, line sensitivity, and broad spectral coverage would allow us to learn about the physical conditions (temperature, density, and metallicity) characterizing the interstellar medium of galaxies over the past ∼12 billion years and to investigate galaxy–AGN co-evolution.
Signature of Triaxially Precessing Magnetars in Gamma-Ray Burst X-Ray Afterglows
Authors: Zhang Biao , Zhong Shu-Qing , Li Long , Dai Zi-Gao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The X-ray afterglows of some gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) exhibit plateaus, which can be explained by the internal dissipation of a newborn millisecond magnetar wind. In the early phase of these newborn magnetars, the magnetic inclination angle undergoes periodic changes due to precession, leading to periodic modulation of the injection luminosity due to magnetic dipole radiation. This may result in quasiperiodic oscillations on the plateaus. In this paper, we identify four GRBs with regular flux variations on their X-ray afterglow plateaus from Swift/X-Ray Telescope data before 2023 November, three of which exhibit periodicity. Based on the likelihood of supporting a precessing magnetar as the central engine, we classify them into three categories: Gold (GRB 060202 and GRB 180620A), Silver (GRB 050730), and Bronze (GRB 210610A). We invoke a model of magnetic dipole radiation emitted by a triaxially freely precessing magnetar whose spindown is dominated by electromagnetic radiation, to fit the light curves. Our model successfully reproduces the light curves of these four GRBs, including the regular flux variations on the plateaus and their periodicity (if present). Our work provides further evidence for early precession in newborn millisecond magnetars in GRBs.
The Pulsar Science Collaboratory: Multiepoch Scintillation Studies of Pulsars
Authors: Turner Jacob E. , Lebron Medina Juan G. , Zelensky Zachary , Gustavson Kathleen A. , Marx Jeffrey , Kothapalli Manvith , Cruz Vega Luis D. , Lee Alexander , Figueroa Caryelis B. , Reichart Daniel E. , Haislip Joshua B. , Kouprianov Vladimir V. , White Steve , Ghigo Frank , Heatherly Sue Ann , McLaughlin Maura A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We report on findings from scintillation analyses using high-cadence observations of eight canonical pulsars with observing baselines ranging from 1–3 yr. We obtain scintillation bandwidth and timescale measurements for all pulsars in our survey and scintillation arc curvature measurements for four, and we detect multiple arcs for two. We find evidence of a previously undocumented scattering screen along the line of sight (LOS) to PSR J1645−0317, as well as evidence that a scattering screen along the LOS to PSR J2313+4253 may reside somewhere within the Milky Way’s Orion–Cygnus arm. We report evidence of a significant change in the scintillation pattern in PSR J2022+5154 from the previous two decades of literature, wherein both the scintillation bandwidth and timescale decreased by an order of magnitude relative to earlier observations at the same frequencies, potentially as a result of a different screen dominating the observed scattering. By augmenting the results of previous studies, we find general agreement with estimations of scattering delays from pulsar observations and predictions by the NE2001 electron density model but not for the newest data we have collected, providing some evidence of changes in the ISM along various LOSs over the timespans considered. In a similar manner, we find additional evidence of a correlation between a pulsar’s dispersion measure and the overall variability of its scattering delays over time. The plethora of interesting science obtained through these observations demonstrates the capabilities of the Green Bank Observatory’s 20 m telescope to contribute to pulsar-based studies of the interstellar medium.
Massive Star Cluster Formation with Binaries. I. Evolution of Binary Populations
Authors: Cournoyer-Cloutier Claude , Sills Alison , Harris William E. , Polak Brooke , Rieder Steven , Andersson Eric P. , Appel Sabrina M. , Mac Low Mordecai-Mark , McMillan Stephen , Portegies Zwart Simon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We study the evolution of populations of binary stars within massive cluster-forming regions. We simulate the formation of young massive star clusters within giant molecular clouds with masses ranging from 2 × 104 to 3.2 × 105
M
⊙. We use Torch, which couples stellar dynamics, magnetohydrodynamics, star and binary formation, stellar evolution, and stellar feedback through the Amuse framework. We find that the binary fraction decreases during cluster formation at all molecular cloud masses. The binaries’ orbital properties also change, with stronger and quicker changes in denser, more massive clouds. Most of the changes we see can be attributed to the disruption of binaries wider than 100 au, although the close binary fraction also decreases in the densest cluster-forming region. The binary fraction for O stars remains above 90%, but exchanges and dynamical hardening are ubiquitous, indicating that O stars undergo frequent few-body interactions early during the cluster formation process. Changes to the populations of binaries are a by-product of hierarchical cluster assembly: most changes to the binary population take place when the star formation rate is high, and there are frequent mergers between subclusters in the cluster-forming region. A universal primordial binary distribution based on observed inner companions in the Galactic field is consistent with the binary populations of young clusters with resolved stellar populations, and the scatter between clusters of similar masses could be explained by differences in their formation history.
SNR 0519−69.0 as a Type Ia Explosion in a Planetary Nebula Cocoon
Authors: Schindelheim Peri , Court Travis , Badenes Carles , Lee Shiu-Hang , Patnaude Daniel , García-Segura Guillermo , Bravo Eduardo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The degree to which Type Ia Supernova (SN Ia) progenitors modify their surroundings remains an open question. In this work, we explore the parameter space for circumstellar interaction in Type Ia Supernova Remnant (SNR) 0519−69.0 by comparing observed archival Chandra spectra with model SNR spectra calculated assuming different SN Ia explosion scenarios and ambient medium (AM) structures. We compared SNR models expanding into a uniform AM with those expanding into a post-common envelope cocoon generated from a planetary nebula model. We conclude that the X-ray spectra and bulk dynamics of SNR 0519−69.0 are best explained by an interaction with a planetary nebula cocoon, implying that the progenitor of this SN Ia went through a common envelope episode shortly (~10,000 yr) before the SN explosion.
Vivre les menstruations à la rue
Authors: Peñafiel Berenice 
Published: December 2024

Avoir ses règles quand on vit à la rue constitue une difficulté importante pour nombre de femmes en situation précaire, sans espace d’intimité et ne disposant que de l’argent de la manche. Pourtant cette question n’est que très rarement abordée par les sciences sociales en dépit de ses incidences éthiques ou pratiques, par exemple dans le cadre du travail social ou des associations humanitaires. L’article, qui repose sur une recherche ethnographique de plusieurs années dans l’est de la France, s’attache à comprendre une double invisibilité : celle des femmes sans-abri et celle de l’expérience qu’elles ont de leurs menstruations. Cette contribution met en évidence les pratiques mises en œuvre par les femmes vivant à la rue pour compenser leur manque de moyens économiques et jongler avec l’absence d’un espace privé qui leur appartiendrait, ainsi que les conséquences que ces expériences ont sur le sentiment d’estime ou de disparition de soi.
Corps de rêves
Authors: Barbier Amélie 
Published: December 2024

Dans un laboratoire du sommeil français, des neuroscientifiques travaillent avec des personnes atteintes de narcolepsie pour étudier le rêve. Cette rare pathologie neurologique du sommeil provoque des endormissements irrépressibles à n’importe quel moment de la journée. Les chercheurs considèrent les participantes et participants narcoleptiques comme des sujets très « efficaces », puisqu’ils peuvent s’endormir rapidement, directement en sommeil paradoxal, et font beaucoup de rêves lucides – ils ont conscience d’être dans un songe. Cette étude ethnographique se concentre sur un dispositif au cours duquel une dormeuse doit « coder » ses émotions avec les muscles de son visage tout en restant endormie. Le texte étudie la mise en œuvre de ce modèle expérimental qui cherche à faire émerger des traces visibles et quantifiables du rêve à travers des techniques de communication et d’inscription. En même temps, il analyse la place du récit de rêve dans ce processus de production de savoirs. Basée sur la méthode de l’observation participante, cette étude questionne ainsi ce qui, par le corps et la parole, est montré ou incarné de l’expérience onirique, et ce qui reste aux marges de la représentation.
« Cachez ces corps que l’on ne saurait voir »
Authors: Dalibert  Lucie , Gourinat Valentine , Groud Paul-Fabien 
Published: December 2024

La dialectique visibilité-invisibilité du corps amputé – appareillé ou sans prothèse – interroge les normes corporelles et sociales fondées sur le validisme autant qu’elle questionne les places accordées ou prises par ce corps perçu comme hors-normes (validistes) au sein de la société. À partir d’enquêtes ethnographiques et d’un travail documentaire mené sur des contenus médiatiques, nous proposons, dans cet article, d’interroger les injonctions d’invisibilisation du corps amputé par la prothèse ainsi que les espaces dans lesquels le corps amputé sans prothèse peut être rendu visible. Nous analysons d’abord la façon dont les corps amputés sont dissimulés par les prothèses dans les discours médiatiques ainsi que la façon dont ces discours et ces représentations impactent les personnes concernées elles-mêmes. Sont ensuite étudiés les moments et les espaces dans lesquels les personnes amputées choisissent de montrer les marques de l’amputation ainsi que la façon dont elles le font. Sont enfin explorées les pratiques au sein desquelles et via lesquelles le corps amputé est rendu visible dans une perspective d’empowerment : nous exposons comment les activités entre pairs et les réseaux sociaux deviennent des espaces qui permettent l’expression de nouvelles normes, contre et au-delà des normes validistes.
La cueillette professionnelle de plantes sauvages, un travail vivant ?
Authors: Asselain Valentin 
Published: December 2024

Les cueilleurs professionnels de plantes sauvages en France métropolitaine forment un groupe professionnel très hétérogène. Autrefois liée aux activités paysannes, la cueillette est désormais pratiquée par des personnes dont les parcours de vie et les discours se rapprochent de ceux des néo-ruraux. Différents processus de professionnalisation sont à l’œuvre au sein de ces acteurs œuvrant aux marges du monde rural et dans les espaces naturels. Les revendications des cueilleurs sont portées par différentes organisations collectives, et visent par exemple la durabilité des sites de cueillettes, l’amélioration de leurs conditions de rémunération, ou encore la reconnaissance de l’herboristerie. Mais au-delà des différents chemins qu’ils empruntent pour faire évoluer leur métier, les cueilleurs que nous avons interrogés font voir un rapport au travail bien particulier. Celui-ci laisse place à des dimensions sensibles, émotionnelles ou irrationnelles, dans une relation dynamique avec le vivant. La cueillette constitue ainsi un exemple intéressant de « travail vivant », à même de nourrir une critique de l’organisation dominante du travail, source de souffrances multiples et généralisées.
Psychotropic Drugs in Dermatology. Part 2: Antipsychotics, Sedative-Hypnotics and Anxiolytics in Dermatology
Authors: Choudhary Ankita , Bose Shiti , Varsha K. L. , Madke Bhushan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dermatology as a branch is a panoramic canvas with a spectrum of manifestation, and psychodermatology is one emerging paradigm in its epicentre. Traditionally, it was thought that psychiatrists deal with “internal” nonvisible disease, while dermatology centres around “external” visible dermatoses and cosmetic disfigurement, hence, with this belief, psychodermatology appeared as an oxymoron to many. Management of psychodermatological disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach, which includes a combination of psychopharmacology, psychotherapy and timely referral as and when needed. The commonly available psychotherapeutics at the disposal of dermatologists include antidepressants, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, anxiolytics and sedative-hypnotics, the last three of which have been focused in this part of the review.
Anatomic site distribution of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in men who have sex with men attending a tertiary care hospital in North India
Authors: Verma Rachna , Gupta Somesh , Gupta Niharika , Singh Rajendra , Mala Rajni , Sood Seema 
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives:
Anorectal and pharyngeal infections with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) are common in men who have sex with men (MSM). However, they are often asymptomatic and found in the absence of reported risk behavior and concurrent genital infection. These serve as a hidden reservoir for ongoing transmission and may cause complications. Additionally, they drive the transmission of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV and may contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. The current study was undertaken to study the anatomic site distribution of gonococcal infection in MSM as limited data are available from India.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 127 MSM patients attending the STI clinic Dermatology Outpatient Department of AIIMS were included in the study. A duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting opa and porA psuedogene targets using in-house primers was standardized and used for testing. In addition, all samples were processed by conventional methods, i.e., microscopy and culture.

Results:
A total of 26 patients were found to be positive for NG by PCR with a prevalence rate of 20%. The prevalence rate for urethral, rectal, and pharyngeal gonorrhea was 8.7%, 9.4%, and 4.7% respectively. Out of the 26 positives, 15 patients, i.e., 57.7%, had only extragenital infections and none were positive at all three sites. On the other hand, only three patients were culture positive at the urethral site.

Discussion:
We would have missed approximately 60% of the infections if the testing was restricted to genital sites only.

Conclusion:
An expanded testing including extragenital sites for screening of gonococcal infection in MSM will have clinical and public health benefits.
On the complete separation of unique
$\ell _{1}$
spreading models and the Lebesgue property of Banach spaces
Authors: Gaebler Harrison , Motakis Pavlos , Sarı Bünyamin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We construct a reflexive Banach space

$X_{\mathcal {D}}$

with an unconditional basis such that all spreading models admitted by normalized block sequences in

$X_{\mathcal {D}}$

are uniformly equivalent to the unit vector basis of

$\ell _1$

, yet every infinite-dimensional closed subspace of

$X_{\mathcal {D}}$

fails the Lebesgue property. This is a new result in a program initiated by Odell in 2002 concerning the strong separation of asymptotic properties in Banach spaces.