bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The risk of morbidity and mortality following recurrent malaria in Papua, Indonesia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dini Saber , Douglas Nicholas M. , Poespoprodjo Jeanne Rini , Kenangalem Enny , Sugiarto Paulus , Plumb Ian D. , Price Ric N. , Simpson Julie A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
An acute episode of malaria can be followed by multiple recurrent episodes either due to re-infection, recrudescence of a partially treated parasite or, in the case of Plasmodium vivax or P. ovale, relapse from the dormant liver stage of the parasite. The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of recurrent malaria episodes on morbidity and mortality in Papua, Indonesia.

Methods
We undertook a retrospective analysis of routinely collected data from malaria patients attending the primary referral hospital in Papua, Indonesia, between April 2004 and December 2013. Multi-state modelling was used to estimate the effect of recurring malaria episodes on re-presentation and admission to hospital and death. The risks of early (≤ 14 days) and late (15 to 365 days) hospital admission and death were estimated separately in our study to distinguish between the direct and indirect effects of malaria recurrence on adverse outcomes.

Results
A total of 68,361 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 37,168 (54.4%) presented initially with P. falciparum, 22,209 (32.5%) with P. vivax, and 8984 (13.1%) with other species. During 12 months of follow-up after each of the first four malaria episodes, 10,868 (15.9%) patients were admitted to hospital and 897 (1.3%) died. The risk of re-presenting to the hospital with malaria increased from 34.7% (95% CI 34.4%, 35.1%) at first episode to 58.6% (57.5%, 59.6%) following the third episode of malaria. After adjusting for co-factors, infection with P. vivax was a significant risk factor for re-presentation (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.48 (95% CI 1.44, 1.51)) and late admission to hospital (HR = 1.17 (1.11, 1.22)). Patients infected with P. falciparum had a greater overall rate of mortality within 14 days (HR = 1.54 (1.25, 1.92)), but after multiple episodes of malaria, there was a trend towards a higher rate of early death in patients infected with P. vivax compared to P. falciparum (HR = 1.91 (0.73, 4.97)).

Conclusions
Compared to patients initially infected with P. falciparum, those infected with P. vivax had significantly more re-presentations to hospital with malaria, and this contributed to a high risk of inpatient admission and death. These findings highlight the importance of radical cure of P. vivax to eliminate the dormant liver stages that trigger relapses.
Health intersectoralism in the Sustainable Development Goal era: from theory to practice
Authors: Hussain Sameera , Javadi Dena , Andrey Jean , Ghaffar Abdul , Labonté Ronald 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn 2015, the United Nations’ (UN) Member States adopted a bold and holistic agenda of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), integrating a vision of peace and prosperity for people and planet. Extensive work within, between, across sectors is required for this bold and holistic agenda to be implemented. It is in this context that this special article collection showcases multisectoral approaches to achieving SDG 3—Good Health and Well-Being—which, though focused explicitly on health, is connected to almost all other goals. A confluence of social and health inequities, within a context of widespread environmental degradation demands systems thinking and intersectoral action. Articles in this issue focus on the SDGs as a stimulus for renewed multisectoral action: processes, policies, and programs primarily outside the health sector, that have health implications through social, commercial, economic, environmental, and political determinants of health. Case studies offer critical lessons on effectively engaging other sectors to enhance their health outputs, identifying co-benefits and ‘win-wins’ that enhance human health.
Hospital volume-outcome relationship in total knee arthroplasty: protocol for a systematic review and non-linear dose-response meta-analysis
Authors: Rombey Tanja , Goossen Käthe , Breuing Jessica , Mathes Tim , Hess Simone , Burchard Rene , Pieper Dawid 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Knee osteoarthritis is a common, chronic condition and main contributor to global disability. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the most successful treatment for end-stage knee osteoarthritis. It is assumed that in the field of surgery, there is a relationship between hospital volume and health outcomes and that higher hospital volume results in better health outcomes. As a consequence, minimum volume thresholds have been implemented in Germany for various procedures, including TKA (50 procedures per year). To date, it is unclear whether minimum volume thresholds truly result in better outcomes.
The objective of this study will be to quantify the relationship between hospital volume and patient-relevant outcomes in patients undergoing TKA.

Methods
We will include published or unpublished (cluster-) randomized controlled trials and prospective or retrospective cohort studies that involve patients with primary and/or revision TKA, report at least two different hospital volumes and report at least one patient-relevant outcome. To identify studies, we will systematically search (from inception onwards) PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL, as well as trial registers, conference proceedings, and reference lists. We will also contact experts in the field. Study selection and data extraction will be performed by two reviewers independently. The primary outcome will be rate of early revision. Secondary outcomes will include rate of revision > 1 year, mortality, length of stay, readmission rate, surgical complications, adverse events and health-related quality of life. We will assess the risk of bias of the included studies using ROBINS-I or the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Both a linear and a non-linear dose-response meta-analyses will be performed. We will use the GRADE approach to evaluate our confidence in the cumulative evidence. We will incorporate patients’ needs, goals and preferences into our recommendations by consulting three focus groups, each consisting of eight participants.

Discussion
The findings of our systematic review will probably be limited by the design of the included studies. We do not expect to identify any (cluster-) randomized controlled trials that meet our inclusion criteria. Therefore, the best available evidence included in our systematic review will most likely consist of cohort studies only. We anticipate that the results of this study will inform future health policy decisions in Germany regarding the minimum volume threshold for TKA.
Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42019131209
Mental wellbeing among Hispanic female domestic cleaners
Authors: Ish Jennifer , Gimeno Ruiz de Porras David , Whitworth Kristina W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the mental wellbeing of self-employed, Hispanic female domestic cleaners in San Antonio, Texas.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional pilot study and administered a short questionnaire to 56 participants. Mental wellbeing was assessed using The World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5). We calculated the age-adjusted prevalence of poor mental wellbeing, both overall and stratified by socioeconomic, neighborhood, and health characteristics.ResultsAlmost half of the participants screened positive for poor mental wellbeing (47.3%) with a mean WHO-5 score of 68.9 [standard error (SE) = 3.1]. We observed a high prevalence of poor mental wellbeing among participants with less than a high school education (56.0%), who worked less than 30 h per week (57.0%) and who sometimes or always felt unsafe at her cleaning job (69.1%).ConclusionsFemale domestic cleaners, particularly those who work in the informal sector, are an overburdened and understudied population. This is particularly true regarding their mental wellbeing, which has largely been considered as an afterthought in epidemiologic studies of cleaning workers in general. Our results suggest that this group of domestic cleaners faces several psychosocial stressors, both in and outside of the workplace, and may have a high risk of poor mental health outcomes.
Clostridium species as probiotics: potentials and challenges
Authors: Guo Pingting , Zhang Ke , Ma Xi , He Pingli 
Published: February 2020

AbstractClostridium species, as a predominant cluster of commensal bacteria in our gut, exert lots of salutary effects on our intestinal homeostasis. Up to now, Clostridium species have been reported to attenuate inflammation and allergic diseases effectively owing to their distinctive biological activities. Their cellular components and metabolites, like butyrate, secondary bile acids and indolepropionic acid, play a probiotic role primarily through energizing intestinal epithelial cells, strengthening intestinal barrier and interacting with immune system. In turn, our diets and physical state of body can shape unique pattern of Clostridium species in gut. In view of their salutary performances, Clostridium species have a huge potential as probiotics. However, there are still some nonnegligible risks and challenges in approaching application of them. Given this, this review summarized the researches involved in benefits and potential risks of Clostridium species to our health, in order to develop Clostridium species as novel probiotics for human health and animal production.
2019 novel coronavirus of pneumonia in Wuhan, China: emerging attack and management strategies
Authors: She Jun , Jiang Jinjun , Ye Ling , Hu Lijuan , Bai Chunxue , Song Yuanlin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn ongoing outbreak of 2019‐nCoV pneumonia was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei province, China at the end of 2019. With the spread of the new coronavirus accelerating, person‐to‐person transmission in family homes or hospitals, and intercity spread of 2019‐nCoV occurred. At least 40,261 cases confirmed, 23,589 cases suspected, 909 cases death and 3444 cases cured in China and worldwide 24 countries confirmed 383 cases being diagnosed, 1 case death in February 10th, 2020. At present, the mortality of 2019‐nCoV in China is 2.3%, compared with 9.6% of SARS and 34.4% of MERS reported by WHO. It seems the new virus is not as fatal as many people thought. Chinese authorities improved surveillance network, made the laboratory be able to recognize the outbreak within a few weeks and announced the virus genome that provide efficient epidemiological control. More comprehensive information is required to understand 2019‐nCoV feature, the epidemiology of origin and spreading, and the clinical phenomina. According to the current status, blocking transmission, isolation, protection, and alternative medication are the urgent management strategies against 2019‐nCoV.
Improvement of 40Ar/39Ar age determinations for Quaternary basaltic rocks by eliminating the peak suppression effect
Authors: Kim Jeongmin , Cho In-Hwa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe peak suppression effect, which suppresses the argon isotope signal due to the incomplete cleaning of gas from geological samples during measurement, is found in volatile-rich samples using the ARGUS VI noble gas mass spectrometer and its sample preparation system. Such effect hampers getting the precise isotope ratio essential for the40Ar/39Ar age calculation.FindingsThe addition of one hot-getter and three room-temperature getters to the sample preparation system can effectively eliminate the peak suppression effect for several milligrams of sample during argon measurement to yield highly plausible40Ar/39Ar ages of Quaternary volcanic rocks.ConclusionsThe modified preparation system makes it possible to get highly precise zero-time isotope signals, and thereby a geologically plausible40Ar/39Ar age, especially for a small amount of volatile-rich samples.
Asymmetrical Bioimpedance in the Anterior Circulation for Urgent Stratification of suspected Stroke (ABACUS Stroke): study protocol for a diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Price Christopher I. , Shaw Lisa , Dixit Anand , Graziadio Sara , Lendrem Clare , Mitra Dipayan , Rodgers Helen , Sutcliffe Lou , White Phil 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Early identification and treatment of stroke improve outcome. Ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) benefits from time-critical thrombectomy but this is only available in highly specialised healthcare services. Cerebral Bioimpedance Asymmetry (CBA) measurement obtained with the portable and rapid Cerebrotech Visor™ System device may be able to identify certain types of stroke including LVO. This test could be deployed pre-hospital and used to immediately direct patients to the most appropriate healthcare service for treatment. This study is evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of CBA measurements obtained from a real-world population of suspected stroke.

Methods
Study design: Prospective observational cohort study.
Setting: A hyperacute stroke unit and neuroscience centre in North East England.
Participants: Adults with a paramedic assigned diagnosis of suspected stroke arriving at hospital within 6 hours of symptom onset.
Index Test: Cerebral Bioimpedance Asymmetry measurement performed using the Cerebrotech Visor™ System. Measurement values produce continuous data (range 0 –100); pre-defined threshold for positive state ≥ 10.
Reference Standard Tests: Standard CT brain +/- CT/MR angiography, and expert clinician opinion will establish the following clinical outcomes which constitute the suspected stroke population: ischaemic stroke +/- large vessel occlusion; symptomatic severe anterior vessel stenosis; large (≥60ml) and small (<60mls) vessel intracerebral haemorrhage; transient ischaemic attack; stroke mimic conditions; prior territorial stroke.
Analyses: Sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values, area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve for identification of i) “complex stroke” (ischaemic stroke with large vessel occlusion or symptomatic severe anterior vessel stenosis or intracerebral haemorrhage ≥60ml or prior territorial stroke) and ii) ischaemic stroke with large vessel occlusion in isolation.
Sample size: 124 participants

Discussion
The results from this study will determine how accurately CBA measurement using the Cerebrotech Visor™ System can identify key stroke types within the suspected stroke population. Acceptable diagnostic performance would be an important step forwards for access to time-critical treatments.

Trial registration
Registered with ISRCTN (identifier: ISRCTN79169844) on 06/08/2018.
Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR and HOTTIP as potential biomarkers for hepatitis C virus genotype 4-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Roshdy Fawzy , Farag Mohamed M. S. , El-Ahwany Eman , Mahmode Ola , Mousa Adel A. , El Talkawy Mohamed , Essawy Faiza 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) homeobox (Hox) transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) and HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) have been suggested to be implicated in liver cancer tumorigenesis and progression; however, little is known about the role of the plasma HOTAIR and HOTTIP in liver cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The current study aimed at measuring the plasma levels of long non-coding RNAs (HOTAIR and HOTTIP) expression in chronic liver disease (CLD) due to HCV genotype 4 infection with/without cirrhosis and HCC patients in an attempt to evaluate the potential benefits of these new circulating as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers and a novel therapeutic strategy for liver cirrhosis and carcinogenesis of Egyptian patients. Hundred subjects were included in this study, divided into two groups; group I (50 patients) were classified into subgroup Ia (CLD without cirrhosis, n = 25) and subgroup Ib (CLD with cirrhosis, n = 25), group II (CLD patients with HCC, n = 25), and control (healthy volunteer, n = 25). The expression of lncRNAs (HOTAIR and HOTTIP) genes was analyzed by real-time PCR.

Results
LncRNAs (HOTAIR and HOTTIP) showed upregulation in all diseased groups, which was in consistent with the progression of the disease toward the HCC stage. In addition, HOTAIR and HOTTIP showed a diagnostic ability to discriminate between cases of cirrhosis and HCC compared with healthy control (p < 0.001), while HOTAIR and HOTTIP did not show a discrimination significant differences between cirrhotic cases and non-cirrhotic cases. By using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, it was found that LncRNAs (HOTAIR and HOTTIP) could diagnose liver cancer with 64.0% sensitivity and 86.0% specificity and 48.0% sensitivity and 88.0% specificity. Furthermore, both genes can be considered as the predictor and prognostic parameters for cirrhosis (OR = 1.111, p = 0.05) and (OR = 1.07, p = 0.05) respectively, and HCC (OR = 1.047, p = 0.01) and (OR = 1.05, p = 0.003). The increased HOTAIR and HOTTIP expression were associated with advanced tumor stages and higher grades.

Conclusion
These results strongly prompt us that HOTAIR and HOTTIP genes can be used as non-invasive prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for HCV genotype 4-induced HCC.
The association of estrogen-signaling pathways and susceptibility to open-angle glaucoma
Authors: Ulhaq Zulvikar Syambani 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Glaucoma is a complex multivariate disorder characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and optic nerve degeneration. Evidence suggests the role of estradiol (E2) and the etiology of glaucoma. Therefore, this present study evaluates the association between estrogen-signaling pathways and the risk of open-angle glaucoma (OAG).

Results
Meta-analysis was performed from available studies that investigated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients treated with or without hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and studies that evaluated the associations between estrogen receptor (ER) polymorphisms and the risk of OAG. The pooled result showed that HRT had a positive effect in lowering IOP. Moreover, ERβ polymorphisms showed a significant association with the risk of OAG.

Conclusion
This report supports the notion that estrogen-signaling pathways play a pivotal role in the development of OAG.
An atlas of genetic correlations between psychiatric disorders and human blood plasma proteome
Authors: Cheng Shiqiang , Guan Fanglin , Ma Mei , Zhang Lu , Cheng Bolun , Qi Xin , Liang Chujun , Li Ping , Kafle Om Prakash , Wen Yan , Zhang Feng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground.Psychiatric disorders are a group of complex psychological syndromes with high prevalence. Recent studies observed associations between altered plasma proteins and psychiatric disorders. This study aims to systematically explore the potential genetic relationships between five major psychiatric disorders and more than 3,000 plasma proteins.Methods.The genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets of attention deficiency/hyperactive disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), schizophrenia (SCZ) and major depressive disorder (MDD) were driven from the Psychiatric GWAS Consortium. The GWAS datasets of 3,283 human plasma proteins were derived from recently published study, including 3,301 study subjects. Linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the genetic correlations between psychiatric disorders and each of the 3,283 plasma proteins.Results.LDSC observed several genetic correlations between plasma proteins and psychiatric disorders, such as ADHD and lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase (pvalue = 0.015), ASD and extracellular superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn;pvalue = 0.023), BD and alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 6 (pvalue = 0.007), MDD and trefoil factor 1 (pvalue = 0.011), and SCZ and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 6 (pvalue = 0.011). Additionally, we detected four common plasma proteins showing correlation evidence with both BD and SCZ, such as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B (pvalue = 0.012 for BD,pvalue = 0.011 for SCZ).Conclusions.This study provided an atlas of genetic correlations between psychiatric disorders and plasma proteome, providing novel clues for pathogenetic and biomarkers, therapeutic studies of psychiatric disorders.
Numerical simulations of electron cloud build-up in circular accelerators in the presence of multimode distribution beams
Authors: Cui X. , Gilardoni S. , Giovannozzi M. , Iadarola G. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Electron cloud effects have become one of the main performance limitations for circular particle accelerators operating with positively charged beams. Among other machines worldwide, the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) as well as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are affected by these phenomena. Intense efforts have been devoted in recent years to improving the understanding of electron cloud (EC) generation with the aim of finding efficient mitigation measures. In a different domain of accelerator physics, non-linear resonances in the transverse phase space have been proposed as novel means of manipulating charged particle beams. While the original goal was to perform multi-turn extraction from the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS), several other applications have been proposed. In this paper, the study of EC generation in the presence of charged particle beams with multimode horizontal distribution is presented. Such a peculiar distribution can be generated by different approaches, one of which consists in splitting the initial Gaussian beam distribution by crossing a non-linear resonance. In this paper, the outcome of detailed numerical simulations is presented and discussed.
TLR7 trafficking and signaling in B cells is regulated by the MHCII-associated invariant chain
Authors: Tohme Mira , Maisonneuve Lucie , Achour Karim , Dussiot Michaël , Maschalidi Sophia , Manoury Bénédicte 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is an endosomal receptor that recognizes single-stranded RNA from viruses. Its trafficking and activation is regulated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone UNC93B1 and lysosomal proteases. UNC93B1 also modulates major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) antigen presentation, and deficiency in MHCII protein diminishes TLR9 signaling. These results indicate a link between proteins that regulate both innate and adaptive responses. Here, we report that TLR7 resides in lysosomes and interacts with the MHCII-chaperone molecule, the invariant chain (Ii) or CD74, in B cells. In the absence of CD74, TLR7 displays both ER and lysosomal localization, leading to an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Furthermore, stimulation with TLR7 but not TLR9, is inefficient in boosting antigen presentation in Ii-deficient cells. In contrast, in B cells lacking TLR7 or mutated for UNC93B1, which are able to trigger TLR7 activation, antigen presentation is enhanced. This suggests that TLR7 signaling in B cells is controlled by the Ii chain.