bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Six‐minute walk distance equation in children and adolescents with obesity
Authors: Makni Emna , Elloumi Anis , Ben Brahim Mehdi , Moalla Wassim , Tabka Zouhair , Chamari Karim , Elloumi Mohamed 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimTo develop a 6‐minute walk‐distance (6MWD) reference equation for children and adolescents with obesity, and to assess its determinant factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional study using mixed linear and multiple regression models was conducted in 497 children (235 girls and 262 boys) aged 6‐18 years with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 97th percentile. Anthropometrics and a 6‐minute walk test (6MWT) were performed.ResultsMean 6MWD was 547 ± 86 m for girls and 575 ± 96 m for boys, which averaged ~80% of a reference normal‐weight population matched for age and ethnicity. Age, weight and BMI were positively correlated with 6MWD whereas waist and hip circumferences (WC and HC, respectively) were negatively correlated with 6MWD for both genders. The combination of age, height, BMI and HC explained 69% of the 6MWD variability in the equation for the whole population. Moreover, the combination of age, height, HC as well as the combination of age, height, BMI and WC explained 67% and 75% of the variability in the girls’ and boys’ equations, respectively.ConclusionThis 6MWD reference equation, which was influenced by abdominal obesity markers in a gender‐specific way, extends and enhances scientific knowledge and provides useful predictive tools for the care of obese children.
Midwives’ and obstetricians’ level of knowledge of appropriate gestational weight gain recommendations for pregnancy: A systematic review
Authors: Callaghan Shauna , O’Brien Eileen , Coughlan Barbara , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundExcessive gestational weight gain (GWG) is a modifiable risk factor associated with maternal and infant health, and pregnancy outcomes. However, several factors influence the provision of health promotion advice including professional knowledge. This review aims to summarize published evidence relating to midwives’ and obstetricians’ knowledge of GWG guidelines.MethodsElectronic database searches were carried out using EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Database. English‐language studies and quantitative results were included. Identified studies were screened by two authors independently. Disagreements were discussed with a third reviewer. A review protocol was submitted for registration with PROSPERO in May 2019.ResultsFrom 10 960 records identified in preliminary searches, 12 studies reporting on 2652 midwives and obstetricians collectively were included. All studies were conducted in high‐income countries. Synthesis of data was difficult as guidelines and methods for assessing knowledge varied. Midwives were mainly reported as the leading participant, with limited data available on obstetrician knowledge. Both groups demonstrated insufficient knowledge of GWG guidelines. Self‐reported knowledge was significantly higher than those assessed by direct knowledge.ConclusionsThis review highlights a substantial gap in health care professionals’ knowledge of GWG guideline content which needs to be addressed. Differences between professionals’ direct knowledge and self‐reported knowledge are important for clinical practice as it may inhibit the provision of evidence‐based advice. It is important to accurately assess knowledge in this area to develop further training for midwives and obstetricians to improve health promotion during pregnancy.
ESCRT‐dependent protein sorting is required for the viability of yeast clathrin‐mediated endocytosis mutants
Authors: Hoban Kyle , Lux Samantha Y. , Poprawski Joanna , Zhang Yorke , Shepherdson James , Castiñeira Pedro G. , Pesari Sanjana , Yao Tony , Prosser Derek C. , Norris Carolyn , Wendland Beverly 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEndocytosis regulates many processes, including signaling pathways, nutrient uptake, and protein turnover. During clathrin‐mediated endocytosis (CME), adaptors bind to cytoplasmic regions of transmembrane cargo proteins, and many endocytic adaptors are also directly involved in the recruitment of clathrin. This clathrin‐associated sorting protein family includes the yeast epsins, Ent1/2, and AP180/PICALM homologs, Yap1801/2. Mutant strains lacking these four adaptors, but expressing an epsin N‐terminal homology (ENTH) domain necessary for viability (4Δ+ENTH), exhibit endocytic defects, such as cargo accumulation at the plasma membrane (PM). This CME‐deficient strain provides a sensitized background ideal for revealing cellular components that interact with clathrin adaptors. We performed a mutagenic screen to identify alleles that are lethal in 4Δ+ENTH cells using a colony‐sectoring reporter assay. After isolating candidate synthetic lethal genes by complementation, we confirmed that mutations in VPS4 led to inviability of a 4Δ+ENTH strain. Vps4 mediates the final step of endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)‐dependent trafficking, and we found that multiple ESCRTs are also essential in 4Δ+ENTH cells, including Snf7, Snf8 and Vps36. Deletion of VPS4 from an end3Δ strain, another CME mutant, similarly resulted in inviability, and upregulation of a clathrin‐independent endocytosis pathway rescued 4Δ+ENTH vps4Δ cells. Loss of Vps4 from an otherwise wild‐type background caused multiple cargoes to accumulate at the PM because of an increase in Rcy1‐dependent recycling of internalized protein to the cell surface. Additionally, vps4Δ rcy1Δ mutants exhibited deleterious growth phenotypes. Together, our findings reveal previously unappreciated effects of disrupted ESCRT‐dependent trafficking on endocytic recycling and the PM.
Study on Description of Plant Status at Fukushima Accident by Emergency Action Level
Authors: Nagashima Kazufumi , Yasuda Nakahiro 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper aims at verifying the current Japanese Emergency Response Guideline, especially the “notification” (reporting) scheme of emergency action level (EAL), through the analysis of the progress of Fukushima nuclear accident. We compared timing and emergency classification between two datasets of the plant statuses which expressed by the old prediction-based notification and the latest EAL-based notification, in order to assess the current EAL scheme along the effectiveness of protective action for the local residents. We observed that the plant statuses expressed by the current EAL-based notification gave more engineering insights in the earliest accident phase to identify the accident scenario. However, potential improvement area of the guideline was also observed in the following severe accident management (SAM) phase after the trigger of first precautionary action, where we are required to reduce uncertainties in both processes of the operator's notification and the government's decision making by evaluating the progression speed of the severe accident.
ШЛЯХИ ІНТЕГРАЦІЇ АКУШЕРСЬКО-ГІНЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ ДОПОМОГИ НА ПЕРВИННОМУ РІВНІ
Authors: Slabkiy G. О. , Shcherbinska О. S. 
Published: April 2020

Мета: розробити та представити концептуальні підходи до інтеграції акушерсько-гінекологічної допомоги на первинному рівні її надання.
Матеріали і методи. При виконанні роботи використано такі методи: бібліосемантичний, структурно-логічного аналізу, описового моделювання. Методичною базою дослідження став системний підхід.
Результати. У статті представлено кластерну модель інтеграції акушерсько-гінекологічної допомоги на первинному рівні, яка включає набуття сімейними лікарями необхідних компетенцій та безперервне підвищення професійної майстерності, матеріально-технічне забезпечення сімейних амбулаторій та комунікації з населенням.
На основі кластерної моделі інтеграції медичної акушерсько-гінекологічної допомоги на первинному рівні розроблено модель акушерсько-гінекологічної допомоги на первинному рівні. Модель складається із двох складових: гінекологічної та акушерської медичної допомоги. Такий поділ пов’язаний з тим, що для забезпечення кожної із них потрібні різні компетенції як сімейних лікарів, так і сімейних медичних сестер.
Центральним елементом моделі виступають жінки, які потребують акушерсько-гінекологічних медичних послуг профілактичної, діагностичної та лікувальної спрямованості.
Гінекологічна складова моделі передбачає забезпечення високого рівня гінекологічного та репродуктивного здоров’я, а акушерська складова – комплекс заходів, які пов’язані з плануванням сім’ї та народженням здорової дитини.
Впровадження даної моделі може бути поетапним. Етапність і терміни можуть бути на різних територіях різними. Вони пов’язані з термінами теоретичної та практичної підготовки сімейних лікарів та сімейних медичних сестер до виконання ними тих чи інших розділів акушерсько-гінекологічної допомоги та підготовки ресурсної бази сімейних амбулаторій.
Висновки. Інтеграція акушерсько-гінекологічної допомоги на первинному рівні забезпечить підвищення її доступності та ефективності.
Asthma and COPD Patients’ Perception of Appropriate Metered-Dose Inhaler Technique
Authors: Ramadan Wijdan H. , Sarkis Aline , Aderian Sandrine Sarine , Milane Aline 
Published: April 2020

Objectives: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic illnesses of the airways affecting a good number of people in Lebanon and the Middle East. Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) are important drug delivery systems used to treat such pulmonary diseases. Drugs proven to be valuable and effective may fail to act effectively if such inhalers are used incorrectly. The purpose of this study was to assess the technical use of pMDIs by patients with pulmonary diseases presenting to the community pharmacies in Lebanon. Methods: A structured questionnaire was developed to collect data. A total of 601 patients using drugs delivered through pMDIs and presenting to 12 Lebanese community pharmacies were recruited to participate in the research project. The questionnaire items were divided into 3 subscales: subscale 1—assessing the device preparation; subscale 2—investigating the device use; and subscale 3—examining the knowledge and use of spacers. After confirming the reliability and validity of the survey tool, patients’ responses were analyzed and compared according to many variables. Results: Many patients answered inaccurately to questions assessing both the device preparation and use. Around 40% of patients said they do not coordinate the inhalation with pressing the canister down. The mean scores were 1.72 (± 0.73) over 6 and 5.67 (± 1.44) over 7 for subscales 1 and 2, respectively. The mean total score on all questions was 7.39 over 13, with a standard deviation of 1.75. While patients’ age did not impact the results, asthmatic, well-educated, male patients had fewer wrong answers when it comes to preparing and using the device ( P < .01). Conclusions: Our study showed that many patients with asthma and COPD might not be properly using their pMDIs. Appropriate inhaler use is crucial for successful pulmonary disease management. As pMDIs are one of the most difficult devices to use, proper and tailored instructions should be given to patients.
A model to predict unstable carotid plaques in population with high risk of stroke
Authors: Yin Junxiong , Yu Chuanyong , Liu Hongxing , Du Mingyang , Sun Feng , Yu Cheng , Wei Lixia , Wang Chongjun , Wang Xiaoshan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundSeveral models have been developed to predict asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS), however these models did not pay much attention to people with lower level of stenosis (<50% or carotid plaques, especially instable carotid plaques) who might benefit from early interventions. Here, we developed a new model to predict unstable carotid plaques through systematic screening in population with high risk of stroke.MethodsCommunity residents who participated the China National Stroke Screening and Prevention Project (CNSSPP) were screened for their stroke risks. A total of 2841 individuals with high risk of stroke were enrolled in this study, 266 (9.4%) of them were found unstable carotid plaques. A total of 19 risk factors were included in this study. Subjects were randomly distributed into Derivation Set group or Validation Set group. According to their carotid ultrasonography records, subjects in derivation set group were further categorized into unstable plaque group or stable plaque group.Results174 cases and 1720 cases from Derivation Set group were categorized into unstable plaque group and stable plaque group respectively. The independent risk factors for carotid unstable plaque were: male (OR 1.966, 95%CI 1.406–2.749), older age (50–59, OR 6.012, 95%CI 1.410–25.629; 60–69, OR 13.915, 95%CI 3.381–57.267;≥70, OR 31.267, 95%CI 7.472–130.83), married(OR 1.780, 95%CI 1.186–2.672), LDL-C(OR 2.015, 95%CI 1.443–2.814), and HDL-C(OR 2.130, 95%CI 1.360–3.338). A predictive scoring system was generated, ranging from 0 to 10. The cut-off value of this predictive scoring system is 6.5. The AUC value for derivation and validation set group were 0.738 and 0.737 respectively.ConclusionsFor those individuals with high risk of stroke, we developed a new model which could identify those who have a higher chance to have unstable carotid plaques. When an individual’s predictive model score exceeds 6.5, the probability of having carotid unstable plaques is high, and carotid ultrasonography should be conducted accordingly. This model could be helpful in the primary prevention of stroke.
The GALA project: practical recommendations for the use of migalastat in clinical practice on the basis of a structured survey among Italian experts
Authors:   on behalf of the GALA Working Group, Chimenti Cristina , Nencini Patrizia , Pieruzzi Federico , Feriozzi Sandro , Mignani Renzo , Pieroni Maurizio , Pisani Antonio 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Oral migalastat has recently been approved for the treatment of Anderson-Fabry disease (FD) in patients aged ≥16 years with amenable mutations on the basis of two phase III trials, FACETS and ATTRACT. However, with the introduction of migalastat into clinical practice, it is important to correctly identify the patients who may gain the most benefits from this therapy. Due to the relatively recent availability of migalastat, its role in clinical practice still has to be included in guidelines or recommendations. On these bases, a multidisciplinary group of Italian Experts in the treatment of FD has run the GALA project, with the aim to collect the opinions of expert physicians and to propose some starting points for an experience-based use of migalastat.

Results
Overall, although studies and data from longer-term follow-up with migalastat are still emerging, available evidence is consistent in showing that this molecule does represent a suitable therapy for the treatment of FD, in patients aged ≥16 years and with amenable mutations. The use of migalastat as an oral option appears to be overall safe, and experience thus far indicates potential for improving quality of life, controlling GI symptoms, stabilizing renal function and reducing cardiac hypertrophy.

Conclusion
Migalastat can be considered either as a first-line therapy – given its efficacy, extensive tissue penetration, convenient oral regimen, and the current limited therapeutic options available – or in patients on enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) who experience side effects, with poor compliance to chronic i.v. therapy, or with clinical evidence of progression of the disease.
Sexual violence against women and girls in South Sudan
Authors: Jaff Dilshad 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis Letter to the Editor is in reference to the article by Murphy M, Ellsberg M and Contreras-Urbina M, “Nowhere to go: disclosure and help-seeking behaviors for survivors of violence against women and girls in South Sudan,” published on 12 February 2020. The authors have to be lauded to study this important topic in South Sudan where data are scarce and the problem is less understood. In such a context, actions by various actors to address sexual violence, a major public health concern and a serious international humanitarian law and human rights violation, must be well thought of to avoid causing more harm and compound the suffering of survivors.
Parametric Optimization of the Particle Temperature Distribution of the Gas-Thermal Flux by the Means of Thermal Radiation Spectrum of Particles
Authors: Jordan V.I. 
Published: April 2020

This paper discusses the application of a method for measuring the distributed temperature parameter of particles based on the solution of the inverse problem that uses the experimentally recorded integral thermal radiation spectrum of heterogeneous gas-thermal flux particles. The output signal that registers the thermal radiation spectrum of particles is measured by a linear multi-element photodetector. The measuring equation for the output signal is presented as a Fredholm equation of the first kind with a temperature density distribution function and the Plank function.
A brief derivation of the inverse operator is provided for the solution of the inverse problem of determination of particle temperature distribution. Integral spectrum functions of thermal radiation of particles are derived for two model functions of particle temperature distribution. Parameters of these two model functions are optimized using the least-squares method and the experimentally obtained integral thermal radiation spectrum.
Pour la méthode comparative en sémiotique: L'exemple des études sur le récit
Authors: Broden Thomas F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractComparative research enriches semiotics and deepens its exchanges with other sciences. The work can also highlight inductive methods and socio-historically specific forms and practices, thereby helping to develop a general semiotics and a semiotics of cultures. This article compares the morphology by Vladimir Propp that inspired the Greimassian narrative schema to a small sample of narrative forms, then to Aristotle's Poetics and to a model of Hollywood films. Certain motifs and subgenres represent elementary schemas with two or three actants and functions that rely on role reversal and emotions. A half dozen subgenres can be differentiated by the different affects that they aim to elicit. Greek tragedy is to evoke intense emotional states, and reveals a close interdependence between characteristics of the hero, modulations of the critical action, and the emotive effect produced. In the films, the variation of the affective intensity constitutes a key element of the narrative rhythm, and two main sequences supply opposing and complementary axiologies. A conclusion suggests the value of bringing together the semiotics of the passions, recent research on the history of the emotions, and comparative studies of how different cultures express feelings.
ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОГО ПІДХОДУ В ІНКЛЮЗИВНІЙ ОСВІТІ
Authors: Ковтун Алла 
Published: April 2020

У статті здійснюється спроба теоретичного аналізу проблеми індивідуального підходу до учнів та його ефективності в процесі інклюзивної освіти. Аналізуються особливості індивідуальної освітньої програми, яка є результатом командної роботи фахівців. Саме цей документ є важливим для планування і оцінки освітніх послуг. Розглядається результативність співпраці учителя і психолога на прикладі вітчизняних та зарубіжних наукових шкіл, досвід роботи в корекційних класах і загальноосвітніх класах з включенням проблемних дітей. Адже взаємодія психолога з педагогом дозволяє педагогу більш глибоко зрозуміти особливості спільної діяльності вчителя і учня та беззаперечну необхідність вчительської допомоги, використання ним гнучкого підходу до особливостей всіх учнів. В роботі звертається увага на те що, реалізація теоретичних та практичних основ діагностики стану вищих психічних функцій дітей дозволяє спільно педагогу і психологу вирішити питання з підбору методик, градації складності завдань, які вводяться, наочного і вербального матеріалу, а також способу його подачі, що підвищує можливості самої дитини. Підкреслюється необхідність напрацювання спільної стратегії роботи класу, підвищення зацікав­леності та мотивації дитини до занять за рахунок використання сюжетних, ігрових методів навчання, реалізації принципу міжпредметних зв’язків на всіх заняття, врахування індивідуальних особливостей дітей під час оцінювання, що дозволяє підкреслити будь-які, навіть незначні успіхи кожної дитини. Аналіз джерел дає підстави сформувати уявлення про переваги інклюзивного навчання, а також про планування спільних дій у напрямі пристосування інклюзивного навчання до умов української школи
Incidencia acumulada de anomalías fetales incompatibles con la vida en Perú
Authors: Taype-Rondán Alvaro , Zafra-Tanaka Jessica Hanae , Guevara-Rios Enrique , Chávez-Alvarado Susana 
Published: April 2020

Introducción. Las anomalías fetales incompatibles con la vida (AFIV) son aquellas que se asocian con la muerte temprana del feto o del recién nacido. En la actualidad, se desconoce la magnitud de este problema en Perú.Objetivos. Estimar la incidencia acumulada de AFIV en Perú, en el departamento de Lima y en seis hospitales de la ciudad de Lima, y describir las características de este tipo de anomalías reportadas entre 2012 y 2016 en el Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal (INMP) de Lima, Perú.Materiales y métodos. Se determinó la incidencia acumulada de las AFIV reportadas en un período de cinco años en Perú, el cual varió dependiendo de la disponibilidad de los datos (2011-2015 y 2012-2016). Además, se revisaron las historias clínicas de los neonatos con AFIV registradas en el INMP para obtener sus características.Resultados. La incidencia acumulada de AFIV en todo el Perú fue de 0.89 por cada 10 000 recién nacidos y en el INMP fue 7.19. De los 48 recién nacidos con AFIV atendidos en el INMP, 54.2% nacieron con depresión neonatal y 83.3% fallecieron en el hospital.Conclusión. Las incidencias acumuladas de AFIV encontradas fueron menores a las reportadas por los sistemas internacionales de vigilancia epidemiológica, lo que podría deberse a falencias en su registro en las instituciones de salud y registros analizados.
Dynamic responses of bridge substructures subjected to high-speed trains
Authors: Pugasap Kongsak 
Published: April 2020

The substructures of high-speed rail (HSR) structures are typically rigid, as they are designed to meet stringent longitudinal displacement limits specified in most HSR design standards. For site conditions such as deep valleys and soft soils, tall columns or low foundation stiffness can lead to a flexible substructure system. Flexible substructures are preferred for bridges in seismic areas because their lower horizontal frequencies yield smaller seismic forces. This cost-effective design strategy is recognised in the California HSR design criteria manual, which specifies larger relative longitudinal displacement limits. In this work, the influences of substructure flexibility on relative displacements were investigated through dynamic analyses of 36 different numerical models representing a 20-span viaduct supported by substructures with first horizontal frequencies of 0.566–3.706 Hz. Four key parameters were investigated: column height, span length, bearing plan layout and ratio of depth to span length. Train models from BS EN 1991-2:2003 were used as dynamic moving loads. The results of this study show that the chances of dynamic responses larger than design limits do exist as the stiffness of substructures departs from being rigid, where resonance effects on substructures are the main contributor to response amplification.