bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eco-friendly&nbsp;Mn-doped CsPbCl3&nbsp;Perovskite Nanocrystals Glass&nbsp;with Blue-red Emitting&nbsp;for&nbsp;Indoor Plant&nbsp;Lighting
Authors: Chen Ya , Shen Linli , Liu Jianming , Liang Xiaojuan , Xiang Weidong , Liu Jianping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Mn-doped CsPbCl3 perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) glass was prepared by melt-quenching and in-situ crystallization. Under the protection of robust glass, PeNCs exhibit excellent moisture resistance and thermal stability. Due to the combination effect of thermal quenching and energy transfer of exciton-to-Mn2+, the emission intensity of Mn shows an abnormal temperature-dependence with the temperature increasing from 80 to 300 K, which can be explored further in the application of temperature sensor. Interestingly, by matching with ultraviolet chips, all-inorganic blue-red emitting conversion device consisting of PeNCs glasses were prepared for light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which can meet the light requirements of plant growth. The cultivation results indicated that growth of cabbages using PeNCs plant cultivation LEDs were greater than those cultivated using commercial w-LEDs. Therefore, Mn-doped CsPbCl3 PeNCs can be used as a new-generation of solid fluorescent materials in the field of indoor plant cultivation LEDs.
Ex-vivo Quantification of Ovine Pia Arachnoid Complex Biomechanical Properties Under Uniaxial Tension
Authors: Natividad Gabryel Conley , Theodossiou Sophia K , Schiele Nathan R , Murdoch Gordon K , Tsamis Alkiviadis , Tanner Bertrand , Potirniche Gabriel , Mortazavi Martin , Vorp David , Martin Bryn 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The pia arachnoid complex (PAC) is a cerebrospinal fluid-filled tissue conglomerate that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Pia mater adheres directly to the surface of the brain while the arachnoid mater adheres to the inferior side of the dura mater. Collagen fibers, known as subarachnoid trabeculae (SAT) fibers, and microvascular structure lie intermediately to the pia and arachnoid meninges. Due to its structural role, alterations to the biomechanical properties of the PAC may change surface stress loading in traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by sub-concussive hits. The aim of this study was to quantify the mechanical and morphological properties of ovine PAC. Ovine brain samples (n = 10) were removed from the skull and tissue was harvested within 30 minutes post-mortem. To access the PAC, ovine skulls were split medially from the occipital region down the nasal bone on the superior and inferior aspects of the skull. A template was used to remove arachnoid samples from the left and right sides of the frontal occipital regions of the brain. 10 ex-vivo samples were tested with uniaxial tension at 2 mm/s, average strain rate of 0.59 s− 1, until failure at < 5 hours post extraction. The force and displacement data were acquired at 100 Hz using LabVIEW. PAC tissue collagen fiber microstructure was characterized using second-harmonic generation (SHG) imaging on a subset of n = 4 stained tissue samples. Samples were stained with DAPI and anti-von Willebrand Factor to visualize cell nuclei and epithelial cells, respectively. The Mooney-Rivlin model for average stress-strain curve fit was used to model PAC material properties. The elastic modulus, ultimate stress, and ultimate strain were found to be 7.7 ± 3.0 MPa, 2.7 ± 0.76 MPa, and 0.60 ± 0.13, respectively. No statistical significance was found across brain dissection locations in terms of biomechanical properties. SHG images were post-processed to obtain average SAT fiber intersection density, concentration, porosity, tortuosity, segment length, orientation, radial counts, and diameter as 0.23%, 26.14%, 73.86%, 1.07 ± 0.28, 17.33 ± 15.25 µm, 84.66 ± 49.18º, 8.15%, 3.46 ± 1.62 µm, respectively. For the sizes, strain, and strain rates tested, our results suggest that ovine PAC mechanical behavior is isotropic, and that the Mooney-Rivlin model is an appropriate curve-fitting constitutive equation for obtaining material parameters of PAC tissues.
Exosomes Derived from Nanocomplex-Loaded Macrophages for Targeted Delivery of Docetaxel and siPLK1 against Castrate-Resistance Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tian Jing , Tai Zongguang , Zhang Wei , Wang Xiaoyu , Chen Zhongjian , Yu Qin , Li Guorui , Gong Chunai , Zhu Quangang , Gao Yuan , Gao Shen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background. As a class of naturally occurring nanoparticles with low immunogenicity and high biocompatibility, exosomes have become a promising drug carrier for cancer therapy. However, their clinical applications remain a challenge due to their unsuitable donors, low scalability, as well as insuﬃcient targeting ability. Here, we describe and validate a new strategy for drug loading into exosomes. We developed a folate-conjugated exosome (Co-Exo-FA) derived from nanocomplex-loaded Raw264.7 macrophages. This Co-Exo-FA containing docetaxel (DTX) and PLK1 siRNA (siPLK1) could be used for targeted therapy of castrate-resistance prostate cancer (CRPC).Results. Our results showed that Co-Exo-FA exhibited high stability, enhanced cancer targeting ability, and led to the suppression of tumor growth with reduced toxicity in vivo. Moreover, the delivery of siPLK1 and DTX using an exosome system effectively silenced the PLK1 gene and exhibited improved anticancer effects.Conclusion. Our results indicated that we managed to overcome major barriers to the efficient utility of exosomes and demonstrated the synergistic efficacy of siPLK1 and DTX in the treatment of CRPC, highlighting their potential value in therapeutic clinical applications.
Electrochemical Detection of White Spot Syndrome Virus With a Silicone Rubber Disposable Electrode Composed of Graphene Quantum Dots and Gold Nanoparticle-embedded Polyaniline Nanowires
Authors: Takemura Kenshin , Satoh Jun , Boonyakida Jirayu , Park Sungjo , Chowdhury Ankan Dutta , Park Enoch Y. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: With the enormous increment of globalization and global warming, it is expected that the number of newly evolved infectious diseases will continue to increase. To prevent damage due to these infections, the development of a diagnostic method for detecting a virus with high sensitivity in a short time is highly desired. In this study, we have developed a high-sensitivity and high-accuracy disposable electrode and evaluated it for several target viruses.Results: Conductive silicon rubber (CSR) was used to fabricate a disposable sensing matrix composed of nitrogen and sulfur-codoped graphene quantum dots (N,S-GQDs) and a gold-polyaniline nanocomposite (AuNP-PAni). A specific anti-white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) antibody was conjugated to the surface of this nanocomposite, which was successfully applied for the detection of WSSV over a wide linear range of 1.45 × 102 to 1.45 × 10⁵ DNA copies/ml, with a detection limit as low as 48.4 DNA copies/ml.Conclusion: The engineered sensor electrode can retain the detection activity for up to 5 weeks, a vital long-term stability requirement for disposable sensing applications. This is the first demonstration of the detection of WSSV by a nanofabricated sensing electrode with high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, providing a potential diagnostic tool to monitor WSSV in the aquaculture industry.
TMEFF2 Promoter Hypermethylation Is an Unfavorable Prognostic Marker in Gliomas
Authors: Xie Sidi , Zhang Yunxiao , Peng Tao , Guo Jinglin , Cao Yongfu , Guo Jing , Shi Xiaofeng , Li Yaqin , Liu Yawei , Qi Songtao , Wang Hai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Transmembrane protein with EGF-like and two follistatin-like domains 2 (TMEFF2) is a transmembrane protein in the tomoregulin family. Little research has been performed to determine if TMEFF2 methylation can be a prognostic marker in adult diffuse gliomas. Methods: In this study, we investigated TMEFF2 expression in surgical tissue samples of gliomas. In addition, we conducted bisulfite amplicon sequencing (BSAS) and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) to evaluate TMEFF2 methylation in glioblastoma (GBM) cells. Subsequently, we investigated the biological function of TMEFF2 in GBM cells. Moreover, we explored the prognostic significance of TMEFF2 in gliomas through analyzing a cohort dataset from TCGA. Results: Immunohistochemistry analysis of 75 paired glioma tumor and peritumoral tissues proved that glioma tumor tissue expressed TMEFF2 at levels that were lower than those of peritumoral tissues (P<0.001). The methylation level of the TMEFF2 promoter was higher in glioblastoma cells than it was in SVG p12 cells (P<0.001). Inhibition of methylation reduced TMEFF2 methylation and improved its expression in LN229 and T98G cells (P<0.05). Knockdown of TMEFF2 expression significantly promoted the proliferation of U87MG cells and primary GBM cells (P<0.05). TMEFF2 methylation is negatively associated with IDH1, ATRX and TP53 mutations, and the subtype of gliomas harboring combined IDH1/ATRX/TP53 mutations was linked to low levels of TMEFF2 methylation. Survival analysis confirmed that low levels of TMEFF2 methylation are associated with a good prognosis in glioma patients. Conclusions: Our results suggest that TMEFF2 DNA methylation might be associated with glioma tumor progression and could serve as a valuable prognostic marker of adult diffuse gliomas.
Misdiagnosis, detection rate, and associated factors of severe psychiatric disorders in specialized psychiatry centers in Ethiopia
Authors: Ayano Getinet , Demelash Sileshi , Yohannes Zegeye , Haile Kibrom , Tulu Mikiya , Assefa Dawit , Tesfaye Abel , Haile Kelemua , Solomon Melat , Chaka Asrat , Tsegay Light 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background There are limited studies regarding the magnitude of misdiagnosis as well as underdiagnosis in a specialized psychiatric setting. Thus far, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that determined the epidemiology of misdiagnosis as well as detection rates of severe psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, schizoaffective, bipolar, and depressive disorders in a specialized psychiatric setting. Method In this cross-sectional study, a random sample of 309 patients with severe psychiatric disorders were selected by systematic sampling technique. Severe psychiatric disorders were measured by structured clinical interview for DSM-IV (SCID). The potential determinates of misdiagnosis were explored using binary and multivariable logistic regression models, adjusting for the potential confounding factors. Result The current study demonstrated that a remarkable proportion (39.16%) of people with severe psychiatric disorders were misdiagnosed. The commonly misdiagnosed disorder was found to be schizoaffective disorders (75%) followed by major depressive disorder (54.72%), schizophrenia (23.71%), and bipolar disorder (17.78%). Among the patients detected with the interview by SCID criteria, the highest level of the correct diagnosis was recorded in the medical record for schizophrenia (76.29%) followed by bipolar (72.22%), depressive (42.40%), and schizoaffective (25%) disorders with detection rate (sensitivity) of 0.76 (95%CI 0.69-0.84), 0.42 (95%CI 0.32-0.53), 0.72 (95%CI 0.60-0.84), and 0.25 (95%CI 0.09-0.41), respectively for schizophrenia, depressive, bipolar, and schizoaffective disorders. This study revealed that bipolar disorder patients are more likely to be diagnosed as schizophrenia (60%) whereas schizophrenia was most likely diagnosed as bipolar disorder (56.25%) and depressive disorders as schizophrenia (54.72%). Having a diagnosis of schizoaffective and depressive disorders as well as suicidal ideation were found to be significant predictors of misdiagnosis. Conclusion The current study revealed that four out of ten patients with severe psychiatric disorders are misdiagnosed in a specialized psychiatric setting in Ethiopia. The highest rate of misdiagnosis was observed for schizoaffective disorder (3 out of 4), followed by major depressive disorder (1 out of 2), schizophrenia (1 out of 4), and bipolar disorders (1 in 5). The detection rates were highest for schizophrenia, followed by bipolar, depressive, and schizoaffective disorders. Having a diagnosis of schizoaffective and depressive disorders as well as suicidal ideation were found to be significant predictors of misdiagnosis.
Effects of Fear of COVID-19 on Mental Well-Being and Quality of Life: A path analysis
Authors: Alyami Mohsen , De Albuquerque Julia Vajda , Krägeloh Christian U. , Alyami Hussain , Henning Marcus A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been very disruptive and thus likely to result in substantial challenges to mental health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of fear of COVID-19 on mental well-being and quality of life among Saudi adult population, and to evaluate the impact of perceived social support. A total of 1029 Saudi adults with a mean age of 33.7 years (SD 11.5) took part in an anonymous online survey. Path analysis indicated that fear of COVID-19 was directly associated with mental well-being, which in turn was associated with lower quality of life. Perceived social support had more influence on quality of life than mental well-being. No direct link between fear of COVID-19 and quality of life was found. These findings emphasize the importance of having effective systems, in addition to social support, in place in order to minimize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental well-being and quality of life.
Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Improves Reynolds Risk Score in Overweight or Obese Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Dieli-Conwright Christina , Lee Kyuwan , Sami Nathalie , Tripathy Debu , Demark-Wahnefried Wendy , Norris Mary K. , Courneya Kerry S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer survivors have double the risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease than age-matched women without a cancer history. Reynolds risk score (RRS) is a validated algorithm for the assessment of cardiovascular disease risk. This secondary analysis sought to examine the effects of a 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention on RRS in overweight or obese breast cancer survivors. Methods and Results: One hundred overweight or obese (BMI>25kg/m2) breast cancer survivors were randomized to exercise or usual care. The exercise group underwent aerobic and resistance exercise sessions for 16 weeks. RRS was calculated using a validated equation. Group differences in mean change for RRS were evaluated using repeated-measures analyses of variance. Post-intervention, RRS was significantly reduced (7.9±0.9% to 1.0±0.5%, p<0.001) in the exercise group compared to a significant increase (9.0±0.8% to 11.6±1.2%; p=0.002%) in the usual care group (P<0.01). RRS was significantly reduced in exercise vs usual care (between group difference, -10.6; 95% CI, -16.3 to -7.4; p<0.001). Conclusion: A 16-week aerobic and resistance exercise intervention is an effective approach to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in breast cancer survivors. Exercise during cancer survivorship should be considered to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease risk in breast cancer survivors.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01140282. Registered 9 June 2010, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01140282?term=NCT01140282&draw=2&rank=1
Infant Sex Modifies Associations Between Placental Malaria and Risk of Malaria in Infancy
Authors: kakuru Abel , Roh Michelle E. , Kajubi Richard , Ochieng Teddy , Ategeka John , Ochokoru Harriet , Nakalembe Miriam , Clark Tamara D. , Ruel Theodore , Staedke Sarah G. , Chandramohan Daniel , Havlir Diane V. , Kamya Moses R , Dorsey Grant , Jagannathan Prasanna 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Placental malaria (PM) has been associated with a higher risk of malaria during infancy. However, it is unclear whether this association is causal, and is modified by infant sex, and whether intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) can reduce infant malaria by preventing PM.MethodsData from a birth cohort of 656 infants born to HIV-uninfected mothers randomized to IPTp with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) was analyzed. PM was categorized as no PM, active PM (presence of parasites), mild-moderate past PM (>0-20% high powered fields [HPFs] with pigment), or severe past PM (>20% HPFs with pigment). The association between PM and incidence of malaria in infants stratified by infant sex was examined. Causal mediation analysis was used to test whether IPTp can impact infant malaria incidence via preventing PM. ResultsThere were 1088 malaria episodes diagnosed among infants during 596.6 person years of follow-up. Compared to infants born to mothers with no PM, the incidence of malaria was higher among infants born to mothers with active PM (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR] 1.30, 95% CI 1.00-1.71, p=0.05) and those born to mothers with severe past PM (aIRR 1.28, 95% CI 0.89-1.83, p=0.18), but the differences were not statistically significant. However, when stratifying by infant sex, compared to no PM, severe past PM was associated a higher malaria incidence in male (aIRR 2.17, 95% CI 1.45-3.25, p<0.001), but not female infants (aIRR 0.74, 95% CI 0.46-1.20, p=0.22). There were no significant associations between active PM or mild-moderate past PM and malaria incidence in male or female infants. Male infants born to mothers given IPTp with DP had significantly less malaria in infancy than males born to mothers given SP, and 89.7% of this effect was mediated through prevention of PM.ConclusionPM may have more severe consequences for male infants, and interventions which reduce PM could mitigate these sex-specific adverse outcomes. More research is needed to better understand this sex-bias between PM and infant malaria risk.Trial registrationTrial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02793622. Registered 8 June 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02793622
A Microfluidic Platform for in Situ Investigation of Biofilm Formation and Its Treatment Under Controlled Conditions
Authors: Straub Hervé , Eberl Leo , Zinn Manfred , Rossi René M , Maniura-Weber Katharina , Ren Qun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Studying bacterial adhesion and early biofilm development is crucial for understanding the physiology of sessile bacteria and forms the basis for the development of novel antimicrobial biomaterials. Microfluidics technologies can be applied in such studies since they permit dynamic real-time analysis and a more precise control of relevant parameters compared to traditional static and flow chamber assays. In this work, we aimed to establish a microfluidic platform that permits real-time observation of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation under precisely controlled homogeneous laminar flow conditions. Results Using Escherichia coli as the model bacterial strain, a microfluidic platform was developed to overcome several limitations of conventional microfluidics such as the lack of spatial control over bacterial colonization and allow label-free observation of bacterial proliferation at single-cell resolution. This platform was applied to demonstrate the influence of culture media on bacterial colonization and the consequent eradication of sessile bacteria by antibiotic. As expected, the nutrient-poor medium was found to promote bacterial adhesion and to enable a higher adhesion rate compared to the nutrient-rich medium. However, in rich medium the adhered cells colonized the glass surface faster than those in poor medium under otherwise identical conditions. For the first time, this effect was demonstrated to be caused by a higher retention of newly generated bacteria in the rich medium, rather than faster growth especially during the initial adhesion phase. These results also indicate that higher adhesion rate does not necessarily lead to faster biofilm formation. Antibiotic treatment of sessile bacteria with colistin was further monitored by fluorescence microscopy at single-cell resolution, allowing in situ analysis of killing efficacy of antimicrobials.Conclusion The platform established here represents a powerful and versatile tool for studying environmental effects such as medium composition on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. Our microfluidic setup shows great potential for the in vitro assessment of new antimicrobials and antifouling agents under flow conditions.
Effects of exogenous nerve growth factor on the expression of BMP-9 and VEGF in the healing of rabbit mandible fracture with local nerve injury
Authors: Yang Sen , Cheng Jiao , Man Cheng , Jiang Lian , Long Guogeng , Zhao Wenjun , Zheng Dexin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The fracture of mandible remains one of the most facial fractures and its healing is a complex process, involving nerve and growth factors. Currently, nerve growth factor not only benefits maintenance of sympathetic neurite growth, but also takes part in intricate regulatory network to stimulate other growth factors such as bone growth protein and vascular endothelial growth factor, which promote together essential osteogenesis and angiogenesis to physiological bone formation, growth and fracture healing. Therefore, it is necessary to analysis the combination of nerve growth factor, bone growth protein-9 and vascular endothelial growth factor to accelerate healing rate of mandible fracture.
Methods

The models of mandible fracture with local nerve injury established in forty-eight rabbits were randomly divided into nerve growth factor group (NGF group), gelatin sponge group (GS group), blank group and intact group with 12 rabbits in each group. The fracture healing was observed with visual and X-ray after the operation, then callus tissue in mandibular fracture area were collected for HE staining observation, and quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of BMP-9 and VEGF in callus at different stages.
Results

The combined results of macroscopic observation, X-ray examination and histological section showed that a large number of osteoblasts and some vascular endothelial cells were found around the trabecular bone in NGF group and the amount of callus formation and reconstruction were better than GS group at 2th weeks after the operation. Quantitative RT-PCR result indicated that the expression levels of BMP-9 mRNA and VEGF mRNA in the four groups reached the highest value at the second week, and then decreased with time. At the same time, the content of BMP-9 and VEGF in callus tissue in mandibular fracture area increased significantly in NGF group than GS group.
Conclusion

The exogenous NGF could improve the expressions of BMP-9 and VEGF in the early stage of mandibular fracture to accelerate healing of mandible fracture. This work provides a new foundation and theoretical basis to make clear mechanism of fracture healing, thereby promoting patients’ fracture healing and reducing their disability rate.