bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the three‐dimensional distribution of endogenous species in the lungs by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Flinders Bryn , Morrell Josie , Marshall Peter S. , Ranshaw Lisa E. , Heeren Ron M.A. , Clench Malcolm R. 
Published: September 2020

RationaleMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI) is routinely employed to monitor the distribution of compounds in tissue sections and generate two‐dimensional (2D) images. Whilst informative the images do not represent the distribution of the analyte of interest through the entire organ. The generation of 3D images is an exciting field that can provide a deeper view of the analyte of interest throughout an entire organ.MethodsSerial sections of mouse and rat lung tissue were obtained at 120 μm depth intervals and imaged individually. Homogenate registration markers were incorporated in order to aid the final 3D image construction. Using freely available software packages, the images were stacked together to generate a 3D image that showed the distribution of endogenous species throughout the lungs.ResultsPreliminary tests were performed on 16 serial tissue sections of mouse lungs. A 3D model showing the distribution of phosphocholine at m/z 184.09 was constructed, which defined the external structure of the lungs and trachea. Later, a second experiment was performed using 24 serial tissue sections of the left lung of a rat. Two molecular markers, identified as [PC (32:1) + K]+ at m/z 770.51 and [PC (36:4) + K]+ at m/z 820.52, were used to generate 3D models of the parenchyma and airways, respectively.ConclusionsA straightforward method to generate 3D MALDI‐MS images of selected molecules in lung tissue has been presented. Using freely available imaging software, the 3D distributions of molecules related to different anatomical features were determined.
Tiered approach to sustainability analysis in sediment remediation decision making
Authors: McNally Amanda D. , Fitzpatrick Anne G. , Harrison David , Busey Andrew , Apitz Sabine E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAll active remediation results in both desirable and undesirable environmental, economic, and social impacts. Balancing such impacts through sustainability assessment poses normative questions—not just objective and science‐based, but those rooted in societal values, requiring engagement and a careful consideration of diverse stakeholders' priorities. Regardless of the site complexity, these priorities should be integrated into assessment approaches, a necessary evolution of sustainability for sediment remediation projects. We explore how analyses of environmental, social, and economic sustainability can be tailored for different tiers of assessment for sediment remediation projects, ranging from simple to complex. Tiers (1, 2, and 3) can be used to categorize evaluations of sediment projects across a range of complexity. Site size and complexity, availability of data, time, resources, expertise, and the level of engagement of various stakeholder groups may dictate the appropriate complexity, tools, and metrics to be used in a sustainability assessment. Assessment approaches in each pillar of sustainability (environmental, economic, and social), listed in order of increasing complexity (i.e., Tier 1 to 3) include:Environmental: (1) best management practices; (2) footprint assessment; and (3) life cycle assessment;Economic: (1) incremental cost‐effectiveness analysis; (2) addition of economic impact analysis with a detailed economic impact model (IMPLAN);and (3) substitution of a more comprehensive and complex economic impact model (Regional Economic Models, Inc.); and,Social: (1) qualitative inference of stakeholder values; (2) quantification of metrics in a multicriteria analysis; and (3) targeted engagement with elicited values from a broad group of stakeholders.Tools at all assessment tiers add value for a project; they can effectively provide context and trade‐offs for stakeholders and decision‐makers. A Tier 1 assessment requires fewer resources and less time than more complex assessments; however, it carries greater uncertainty and may not provide the detail or completeness needed to evaluate the tradeoffs between alternatives, across pillars. The range of options available for Tier 2 medium‐complexity analyses span qualitative and quantitative metrics; aggregation methods are tailored to the governing regulatory framework or stakeholder values; and a variety of tools for measuring environmental, social, and economic impacts. Tier 3 assessments, like those completed for the Portland Harbor Superfund Site, provide the most complex and complete assessments, including a detailed means of obtaining stakeholder values to aggregate the metrics. Tier 3 assessments require greater time and budget but may highlight important differences between remedial alternatives that could be obscured at lower tiers.
Nd‐Doping‐Induced Enhancement in the Antibacterial Activity of Synthesized ZnO Heretostructures
Authors: Fkhar Lahcen , Oualid Hicham Abou , Sayout Ahlam , Abdellaoui Youness , Brahmi Younes , Mounkachi Omar , Romane Abderrahmane , Ali Mustapha Ait 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHighly metal oxide heterostructures are well known for their high effectiveness toward the growth of many pathogens. ZnO oxide was widely studied for this purpose; however, the doping effect on its antibacterial properties is still not satisfactory. In this context, the present work aimed to prepare a series of mesoporous ZnO doped with different neodymium (Nd) loading using a ball‐milling method and examine their antibacterial activities against gram‐positive and gram‐negative pathogens. All as‐synthesized materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope coupled with elemental mapping (SEM‐EDS), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and nitrogen adsorption‐desorption analysis (BET). The results exhibited a successful formation of mesoporous Nd‐doped ZnO composites with a homogeneous distribution of Nd on the surface of ZnO. Antibacterial behavior of Nd‐doped ZnO composites was performed against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria strains: Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (SARM) P637, Enterobacter aerogenes P1260and Klebsiella oxytoca BU9399. Antibacterial activities results proved the bacteriostatic properties of prepared Nd‐ZnO composites. In particular, a strong potency against Klebsiella oxytoca BU9399 was recorded with MIC and MBC values of 2 and 2.67 mg/mL, respectively. Therefore, the present work recommends an important kind of material that could be used as a protective antibiofilm coating formed by human pathogenic bacteria. Nd‐doped ZnO composites were found to be a good candidate for antimicrobial application and possible antioxidant and anti‐imflammatory evaluation in biomedical sector.
Redox Polyelectrolyte Modified Gold Nanoparticles Enhance the Detection of Adenosine in an Electrochemical Split‐Aptamer Assay
Authors: Coria‐Oriundo Lucy L. , Ceretti Helena , Roupioz Yoann , Battaglini Fernando 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe present an electrochemical sandwich‐type assay based on the splitting of an aptamer into two fragments. Gold nanoparticles are modified with one of the fragments and a redox polyelectrolyte. The first is used as the recognition element, while the other for the electrochemical signal generation. The split‐aptamer used here can detect adenosine, used as a model system for recognizing small molecules. The multiple binding sites on the nanoparticle, along with the high number of redox probes, yield a selective and sensitive assay for adenosine, achieving a limit of detection of 3.1 nM and a linear range up to 75 nM. The obtained results are analyzed in terms of the nanoparticle and electrode architectures. The assay can be easily extended to other small molecules and sandwich assays, representing a promising tool for detecting metabolites at the nanomolar level.
Ninhydrin Adducts as Valid Synthon in Organic Synthesis: A Review
Authors: Das Suven , Dutta Arpita 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNinhydrin (1,2,3‐indanetrione hydrate) is a powerful electrophile having enormousapplications in organic and bio‐organic sciences. In the last few years, reactivity of various ninhydrin adducts have been exploited extensively for the development of diverse organic scaffolds. The present review focuses on the applications of readily accessible ninhydrin adducts as building block towards the synthesis of a variety of compounds including N‐inserted compounds, spiro‐heterocycles, medium ring compounds, polycyclic molecules, propellanes, cycloadducts, allylic anions, axially chiral molecules etc. Interestingly, some of the compounds have profound biological activities and a few display important photophysical properties. Most of the reactions described here are simple and carried out with easily available starting materials under green conditions.
Synthesis, Characterization, DNA Binding, Docking, and Anticancer Studies of Novel Bis‐1,2,3‐triazoles Phthalonitrile
Authors: Yahya Alraqa Shaya , Alsayed Soliman Moataz , Aljuhani Ateyatallah , Rezki Nadjet , Reda Aouad Mohamed , Ali Imran 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDue to a great demand of new anticancer agents, novel series of phtalonitrile‐bis(1,2,3‐triazoles) appended with different functionalities were synthesized and characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectroscopy techniques. These were also screened for DNA binding, docking and anticancer activities. The DNA binding constants were in the range of 1.33×105 to 12.60×105 M−1; indicating strong binding affinity. The maximum anticancer activity was 79 % in A549 and H1299 lung cancer cell lines. The docking study suggested good interactions of the reported molecules with DNA through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. All these results confirmed that the reported molecules have good anticancer activities. Therefore, these 1,2,3‐triazole scaffolds may be promising molecules as potential anticancer candidates in the future.
A Collaborative Strategy for Boosting Lithium Storage Performance of Iron Phosphide by Fabricating Hollow Structure and Doping Cobalt Species
Authors: Xiao Jinghao , Zhou Hu , Wang Sheng , Yuan Aihua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTransition metal phosphides have received increasing attention in the field of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to their potential advantages in optimizing electrochemical performances. In order to improve the structural stability and electrochemical reaction kinetics of metal phosphides, it's an effective strategy for introducing foreign metal atoms to isolate bimetallic phosphides. Herein, a metal‐organic‐framework (MOF)‐templated protocol is utilized to synthesize CoFeP hollow nanorods as high‐performance LIBs anode materials. The results reveal that the substitution of Co ions enriches Fe‐based MOF‐derived structure with active sites, meanwhile the Co doping boosts the electronic conductivity. Therefore, the obtained CoFeP electrode displays a superior lithium‐storage ability to single metal phosphide (FeP), in terms of specific capacity, cycle stability, and rate capability. The reversible specific capacity of CoFeP at a current density of 0.1 A g−1 is as high as 897.2 mA h g−1, and the capacity can be still maintained at 478.5 mA h g−1 even at 1 A g−1 after 800 cycles. The intriguing LIBs performance of CoFeP is mainly ascribed to the collaborative contribution of hollow structure and Co doping.
Author classification using transfer learning and predicting stars in co‐author networks
Authors: Abbasi Rashid , Kashif Bashir Ali , Chen Jianwen , Mateen Abdul , Piran Jalil , Amin Farhan , Luo Bin 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe vast amount of data is key challenge to mine a new scholar that is plausible to be star in the upcoming period. The enormous amount of unstructured data raise every year is infeasible for traditional learning; consequently, we need a high quality of preprocessing technique to expand the performance of traditional learning. We have persuaded a novel approach, Authors classification algorithm using Transfer Learning (ACTL) to learn new task on target area to mine the external knowledge from the source domain. Comprehensive experimental outcomes on real‐world networks showed that ACTL, Node‐based Influence Predicting Stars, Corresponding Authors Mutual Influence based on Predicting Stars, and Specific Topic Domain‐based Predicting Stars enhanced the node classification accuracy as well as predicting rising stars to compared with contemporary baseline methods.
Nachträgliches klebtechnisches Fügen von Haltern auf Beschichtungen mit ungenügender Haftfestigkeit
Authors: Momber Andreas , Fröck Linda , Marquardt Tom 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEs wird ein Verfahren zum nachträglichen klebtechnischen Fügen von Haltern beschrieben, das auch für Bereiche mit ungenügender Haftung der Beschichtung zum Substrat eine hohe mechanische Beständigkeit unter Zugscherbeanspruchung gewährleistet. Das Verfahren ermöglicht eine umweltverträgliche, nahezu emissionsfreie und materialschonende örtliche Vorbereitung von Beschichtungsbereichen mit ungenügender Haftung zur Stahloberfläche. Eine integrierte mechanisierte Haftfestigkeitsmessung gestattet eine objektive Bewertung der Tragfähigkeit von beschichteten Oberflächen und eine Entscheidung darüber, ob das klebtechnische Fügen auf der beschichteten oder der teilweise freigelegten Stahloberfläche erfolgen kann.
Valorisation of Fruits, their Juices and Residues into Valuable (Nano)materials for Applications in Chemical Catalysis and Environment
Authors: Nasrollahzadeh Mahmoud , Shafiei Nasrin , Nezafat Zahra , Sadat Soheili Bidgoli Nayyereh , Soleimani Fahimeh , Varma Rajender S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOne of the most abundant wastes from all around the world is nutrient resources. Among them, fruits, their extracts, and residues comprise a major portion, which contain many valuable components that get lost during disposal or become burden on the shrinking landfills. These concerns are addressed by seeking sustainable processing methods that would have a minimal environmental impact. The crops contain renewable chemicals which are useful for catalysis, wastewater treatment, or preparation of nanomaterials; there has been an upsurge for the industrial applications of (nano)materials as their environmental and catalytic appliances is a fascinating subject to design cheaper and safer catalytic systems. Due to the excellent chemical properties of the fruit extracts, they have garnered attention as cost‐eﬀective catalysts and support materials. This review focuses on the preparation of (nano)materials and their catalytic and environmental applications and highlights the potential appliances and industrial benefits derived from these low‐cost renewable and sustainable greener sources thus essentially converting waste into wealth.
Towards the ultimate differential SMEFT analysis
Authors: Banerjee Shankha , Gupta Rick S. , Reiness Joey Y. , Seth Satyajit , Spannowsky Michael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We obtain SMEFT bounds using an approach that utilises the complete multi-dimensional differential information of a process. This approach is based on the fact that at a given EFT order, the full angular distribution in the most important electroweak processes can be expressed as a sum of a fixed number of basis functions. The coefficients of these basis functions — the so-called angular moments — and their energy dependance, thus form an ideal set of experimental observables that encapsulates the complete multi-dimensional differential information of the process. This approach is generic and the observables constructed allow to avoid blind directions in the SMEFT parameter space. While this method is applicable to many of the important electroweak processes, as a first example we study the pp → V(ℓℓ)h(bb) process (V ≡ Z/W±, ℓℓ ≡ ℓ+ℓ−/ℓ±ν), including QCD NLO effects, differentially. We show that using the full differential data in this way plays a crucial role in simultaneously and maximally constraining the different vertex structures of the Higgs coupling to gauge bosons. In particular, our method yields bounds on the $$ {hV}_{\mu \nu}{V}^{\mu \nu},{hV}_{\mu \nu}{\tilde{V}}^{\mu \nu} $$

hV
μν

V
μν

,

hV
μν

V
˜

μν

and $$ hVff\left( ff\equiv f\overline{f}/f\overline{f}^{\prime}\right) $$
hVff

ff
≡
f

f
¯

/
f

f
¯

′

couplings, stronger than projected bounds reported in any other process. This matrix-element-based method can provide a transparent alternative to complement machine learning techniques that also aim to disentangle correlations in the SMEFT parameter space.
Supersymmetric phases of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM at large N
Authors: Cabo-Bizet Alejandro , Murthy Sameer 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We find a family of complex saddle-points at large N of the matrix model for the superconformal index of SU(N ) $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills theory on S3× S1 with one chemical potential τ . The saddle-point configurations are labelled by points (m, n) on the lattice Λτ = ℤτ + ℤ with gcd(m, n) = 1. The eigenvalues at a given saddle are uniformly distributed along a string winding (m, n) times along the (A, B) cycles of the torus ℂ/Λτ . The action of the matrix model extended to the torus is closely related to the Bloch-Wigner elliptic dilogarithm, and the related Bloch formula allows us to calculate the action at the saddle-points in terms of real-analytic Eisenstein series. The actions of (0, 1) and (1, 0) agree with that of pure AdS5 and the supersymmetric AdS5 black hole, respectively. The black hole saddle dominates the canonical ensemble when τ is close to the origin, and there are new saddles that dominate when τ approaches rational points. The extension of the action in terms of modular forms leads to a simple treatment of the Cardy-like limit τ → 0.
The effect of heat stress on sugar beet recombination
Authors: Arrieta Mikel , Willems Glenda , DePessemier Jérôme , Colas Isabelle , Burkholz Alexandra , Darracq Aude , Vanstraelen Sigrid , Pacolet Pieter , Barré Camille , Kempeneers Paul , Waugh Robbie , Barnes Steve , Ramsay Luke 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMeiotic recombination plays a crucial role in plant breeding through the creation of new allelic combinations. Therefore, lack of recombination in some genomic regions constitutes a constraint for breeding programmes. In sugar beet, one of the major crops in Europe, recombination occurs mainly in the distal portions of the chromosomes, and so the development of simple approaches to change this pattern is of considerable interest for future breeding and genetics. In the present study, the effect of heat stress on recombination in sugar beet was studied by treating F1 plants at 28 °C/25 °C (day/night) and genotyping the progeny. F1 plants were reciprocally backcrossed allowing the study of male and female meiosis separately. Genotypic data indicated an overall increase in crossover frequency of approximately one extra crossover per meiosis, with an associated increase in pericentromeric recombination under heat treatment. Our data indicate that the changes were mainly induced by alterations in female meiosis only, showing that heterochiasmy in sugar beet is reduced under heat stress. Overall, despite the associated decrease in fertility, these data support the potential use of heat stress to foster recombination in sugar beet breeding programmes.
Getting it Right the First Time: Frozen Sections for Diagnosing Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections
Authors: Nawijn Femke , Hietbrink Falco , van Dijk Marijke R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate which histopathologic findings are most indicative for necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs) in ambivalent cases.MethodsPatients undergoing surgical exploration for suspected NSTIs with obtainment of incisional biopsies for histopathological assessment were included from January 2013 until August 2019. The frozen sections and formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) samples were retrospectively re‐assessed. The primary outcome was the discharge diagnosis.ResultsTwenty‐seven (69%) biopsies of the 39 included samples were from patients with NSTIs. Microscopic bullae (p = 0.043), severe fascial inflammation (p < 0.001) and fascial necrosis (p < 0.001) were significantly more often present in the NSTI group compared to the non‐NSTI group. Muscle edema (n = 5), severe muscle inflammation (n = 5), muscle necrosis (n = 8), thrombosis (n = 10) and vasculitis (n = 5) were most frequently only seen in the NSTI group. In thirteen tissues samples, there were some discrepancies between the severity of findings in the frozen section and the FFPE samples. None of these discrepancies resulted in a different diagnosis or treatment strategy.ConclusionMicroscopic bullae, severe fascial or muscle inflammation, fascial or muscle necrosis, muscle edema, thrombosis and vasculitis upon histopathological evaluation all indicate a high probability of a NSTI. At our institution, diagnosing NSTIs is aided by using intra‐operative frozen section as part of triple diagnostics in ambivalent cases. Based on the relation between histopathologic findings and final presence of NSTI, we recommend frozen section for diagnosing NSTIs in ambivalent cases.
Incidence and outcome of salvage cystectomy after bladder sparing therapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Schuettfort Victor M. , Pradere Benjamin , Quhal Fahad , Mostafaei Hadi , Laukhtina Ekaterina , Mori Keiichiro , Sari Motlagh Reza , Fisch Margit , D’Andrea David , Rink Michael , Gontero Paolo , Soria Francesco , Shariat Shahrokh F. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the available literature regarding the surgical and oncologic outcomes of patients undergoing salvage radical cystectomy (SV-RC) for recurrence or failure of bladder sparing therapy (BST) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Methods
We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE and Google Scholar databases in May 2020. We included all studies of patients with ≥ cT2N0/xM0 bladder cancer that were eligible for all treatment modalities at the time of treatment decision who underwent BST including radiotherapy (RTX). A meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the pooled rate of several variables associated with an increased need for SV-RC. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using MINORS criteria.

Results
73 studies comprising 9110 patients were eligible for the meta-analysis. Weighted mean follow-up time was 61.1 months (range 12–144). The pooled rate of non-response to BST and local recurrence after BST, the two primary reasons for SV-RC, was 15.5% and 28.7%, respectively. The pooled rate of SV-RC was 19.2% for studies with a follow-up longer than 5 years. Only three studies provided a thorough report of complication rates after SV-RC. The overall complication rate ranged between 67 and 72% with a 30-day mortality rate of 0–8.8%. The pooled rates of 5 and 10-year disease-free survival after SV-RC were 54.3% and 45.6%, respectively.

Conclusion
Approximately one-fifth of patients treated with BST with a curative intent eventually require SV-RC. This procedure carries a proportionally high rate of complications and is usually accompanied by an incontinent urinary diversion.