bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi Display Scan in Detecting Weld Discontinuity of Thick Carbon Steel Plate using Ultrasonic Testing Phased Array (UTPA) with Comparison to Conventional Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
Authors: Jamil Jeffry , Syed Yahya Syed Yusainee , Zakaria Rosnah 
Published: August 2020

Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a method of testing and analysis that relies on the application of physical principles to determine the integrity of materials without causing damage. The existence of weld discontinuity can affect the service ability of the structures. Ultrasonic testing Phases Array (UTPA) is advanced ultrasonic testing technology widely practiced in many industries. The multiple ultrasonic elements and electronic time delay will create constructive and destructive interference and steering capability, which could improve detectability compared to a single element of conventional UT. The multi displays presented in A-Scan, S-scan, B-Scan, and C-Scan of UTPA equipment capable of locating, inspecting, and characterise defects within the welded component. Two carbon steel plates with thickness 18 mm and 24 mm were prepared and cut to V-shape configuration and welded using shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, labelled as NDE-8826 and NDE-8827 respectively. Both samples were induced with artificial defects of the weld. 16 elements of phased array probe with 0.5 mm pitch and 4 MHz were carried out for this study with encoded scanning to identify weld discontinuity plotted in different types of UT displays. Additional testing was performed using conventional ultrasonic testing (UT) using a 4 MHz probe to compare with the UTPA results and the acceptability of each defect detections. The length and datum of toe crack, slag, and lack of inter run fusion detected by UTPA in NDE-8826 give the same value as the actual value. However, the localisation of the defect is slightly different at 1.0 mm for UT detection. While the detection value for slag gives the same values for UT and UTPA, which also the same as the actual values. The detection of lack of penetration and lack of fusion in sample NDE-8827 was precisely can be detected by UT and UTPA; hence their datum value has slightly different in the centerline crack and porosity at 2.0 mm for UT measurement, and as for UTPA, it was found that the porosity at 3.0 mm which higher value compared to the actual value, 250 mm. From the result, a relevant indication from the UTPA and conventional UT collected it was found that the UTPA technique is capable of improving the Probability of Detection (POD) of defects compared to the conventional UT.
Public-Private Partnership in Water Supply of DKI Jakarta
Authors: Oktaviani Putri Permata , Muhtar Entang Adhy , Karlina Nina 
Published: August 2020

Drinking-Water Company (PAM) Jaya as a regional company is responsible for supply clean water in DKI Jakarta, is demanded to conduct partnerships with the private sector, namely PT Palyja and PT Aetra Air Jakarta. After the partnership, there are still many people who do not have access to clean water services. The purpose of this study is to find out and analyze the implementation of the Public-Private Partnership implemented by PAM Jaya and private partners in the supply of clean water in DKI Jakarta. The research method used qualitative research methods. The theory used is the utilization of the Public-Private Partnership proposed by Emanual Savas (2000) which consists of roles and functions, competition, regulation, risk, procurement, and financing. The results of this study the implementation of the Public-Private Partnership in the supply of clean water in DKI Jakarta has not been effective because of the failure to fully utilize the Public-Private Partnership. The absence of competition and procurement processes between partners, the absence of regulations referred to so that the impact on the Cooperation Agreement (PKS) did not reflect public interests. There were roles and functions of PAM Jaya and private partners that were not conducted, unclear risk-sharing and compensation to private partners were more giving loss to the PAM Jaya, resulting in a shortfall. The author suggests that the PKS contract is needed, also the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta needs to issue strict and clear regulations, improve services to the public, and no longer use the form of concession cooperation.
Implementation of Billboard Tax Policy in the City of Bandung
Authors: Puspita Dian Permata , Halimah Mas , Halim Hilman Abdul 
Published: August 2020

This study was titled "Implementation of Billboard Tax Policy in the City of Bandung". This study was backed by the writer's interest in seeing the phenomenon of unachieved billboard tax revenue targets for the past few years, even the realization is below 11% of the target that was set in the City of Bandung. The purpose of this study was to find out and analyze the billboard tax policy implementation in the City of Bandung. This study applied the theory of Soren C. Winter that explains three factors that influence the process of policy implementation. This research used a qualitative research method. The results showed that the implementation of the tax policy billboard in the city of Bandung had gone well but there were still obstacles in organizational and inter-organizational behavior, caused by the lack of coordination that existed between BPPD and Satpol PP. Furthermore, the behavior of the target group was also found that there were still negative responses from billboard organizers who are looking for loopholes so they can be detached from the imposition of billboard taxes. Meanwhile, on the other aspects, it had gone well, such as the street-level bureaucrat's behavior, namely through discretion which was done by making barcodes and working fast without waiting for recommendations from other SKPD to supervise billboards that are considered to be in violation. The commitment indicators of organizational and inter-organizational behavior have gone well because employees' actions were in line with the vision and mission of the organization and the last indicator of positive response to the behavior of the target group can be seen from the support of billboard organizers to help the government supervise and remind the public to be obedient on paying taxes.
Postexercise troponin I levels in patients with suspected stable ischemic heart disease
Authors: Lanza Gaetano Antonio , Morgante Vernizia , Melita Veronica , Mencarelli Erica , De Vita Antonio , Ravenna Salvatore Emanuele , Bisignani Antonio , Villano Angelo , Baroni Silvia , Antenucci Mirca , Crea Filippo 
Published: August 2020

Background and aims
Previous studies showed that troponin blood levels may increase after exercise. In this study, we assessed whether, among patients with suspected of having stable angina, the increase in troponin I (TnI) levels after exercise stress test (EST) might help identify those with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial ischemia.

Methods
We performed maximal treadmill EST in 50 patients (age 64 ± 9 years; 38 men) admitted to our Cardiology Department to undergo elective coronary angiography because of a suspicion of stable angina. TnI was measured before and 12 h after EST.

Results
TnI increased after EST compared with baseline in the whole population (from 0.44 ± 0.76 to 0.84 ± 1.12 ng/dl, P < 0.001). No difference in TnI increase was observed between patients with obstructive CAD (n = 29; 0.61 ± 0.90–1.13 ± 1.33 ng/dl) and no obstructive CAD (NO-CAD; n = 21; 0.21 ± 0.46–0.44 ± 0.54 ng/dl; P = 0.51). There was also no significant difference in post-EST TnI increase between patients with positive EST (n = 34; 0.56 ± 0.89–1.05 ± 1.28 ng/dl) or negative EST (n = 16; 0.19 ± 0.26–0.39 ± 0.43 ng/dl; P = 0.16). Moreover, no significant difference was observed in the post-EST TnI increase among groups of patients with positive EST and obstructive CAD, positive EST and NO-CAD, negative EST and obstructive CAD and negative EST and NO-CAD (P = 0.12). No clinical or EST variable was associated with post-EST TnI increase, although there was a tendency for a greater increase in those achieving a heart rate more than 85 vs. less than 85% of maximal predicted heart rate during EST (P = 0.075).

Conclusion
TnI increase after EST in patients with suspected stable angina is largely independent of the results of coronary angiography and EST.
Association between the administration of phenylbutazone prior to racing and musculoskeletal and fatal injuries in Thoroughbred racehorses in Argentina
Authors: Zambruno Teresita , Georgopoulos Stamatis P. , Boden Lisa A. , Parkin Tim D. H. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between prerace administration of phenylbutazone and the risk of musculoskeletal injury (MSI) and fatal injury in Thoroughbred racehorses that raced between 2006 and 2015 at 2 of the 4 official racetracks in Argentina.

SAMPLE
Data from racetrack databases and veterinary reports on 283,193 race starts.

PROCEDURES
Data were collected relating to race performance and injury outcomes for starts at these tracks. The incidence of MSI and fatal injury was calculated for each year, stratified by the declared prerace administration of phenylbutazone. Univariable logistic regression, followed by multivariable logistic regression, was used to identify significant risk factors for both MSI and fatal injury.

RESULTS
Analyses identified associations between the declared prerace administration of phenylbutazone and the risk of MSI and fatal injury during racing. Horses with declared prerace phenylbutazone administration had greater odds of MSI (OR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.03 to 2.04]) and fatal injury (OR, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.1 to 2.27]) than did horses racing without prerace phenylbutazone administration. These associations remained significant when other risk factors were accounted for in both multivariable models.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results suggested an association between the prerace administration of phenylbutazone and the risk of MSI and fatal injury in Thoroughbred racehorses during racing. Although these results did not imply a direct causal relationship between prerace phenylbutazone administration and injury, they may be considered in the development of more conservative medication policies to optimize racehorse welfare in North and Latin America.
Measuring of Mandible Bone Density in Dogs Using /Digital Radiography/ Radiovisigraphy
Authors: Ilić Dragan , Stojanović Ljiljana , Antonijević Djordje , Milutinović-Smiljanić Sanja , Savić-Stanković Tatjana , Milosavljević Željko 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Radiological diagnostics serves as one of the basic monitoring techniques in veterinary dental practice. The recent up-to-date literature data based on the findings of digital radiology/radiovisiography (RVG) in general dentistry inspired the authors to present its possible use in clinical veterinary dentistry. The digital radiography used in this study was RVG Trophy Radiologie SA 2001 device equipped with software for linear measurements (readings), densitometry, setting of contrast of radiography image, 3D image manipulation, zooming of detail and orientation handling. The aim of the study was to evaluate the bone mineral density of the alveolar part of the lower jaw in seven Scottish terriers. Bone mineral density measurement was performed around the central lower incisors by converting gray scale values into equivalent aluminum thickness (mm Al). The mean bone mineral density was in the range of 4.31-6.20 mm Al with no significant statistical difference between left and right incisors (p>0.01). Our results showed that the combination of RVG and aluminum step wedge etalon is a reliable tool to measure bone mineral density around the lower central incisors in dogs. This method can be considered as comfortable for manipulation in everyday use in clinical veterinary practice.
Features of Magneto-Abrasive Machining of Taps
Authors: Maiboroda Victor , Tarhan Dmytro , Dzhulii Dmytro , Slobodianiuk Ivanna 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The features of magneto-abrasive machining of taps for metric thread cutting were investigated. The calculation method of integral intensity of the magneto-abrasive machining of the working surfaces of the taps by the quantitative values of normal and tangential components of moving speed of the quasi-stable volumes of the magneto-abrasive tool was developed. Based on the results of calculations, it was possible to predict the probable influence of the taps’ location in the working zone on the quality and efficiency of machining their working surfaces. The calculation method is relevant for taps of all diameters with a profile angle of 60°. The working surfaces of the tool would not be effectively machined if the location angle of taps to the plane of the working zone of the machine equals 20–60°. Depending on the expected major polishing or strengthening effect of magneto-abrasive machining, the taps are required to be located at an angle of 60–90° to the plane of the working zone of the machine.
Modelling of the Low-Pressure Gas Injector Operation
Authors: Szpica Dariusz , Kusznier Michał 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in alternative sources of power supply for internal combustion engines. Liquefied petroleum gas injection systems are among the most popular. It becomes necessary to know mathematical descriptions of the operation of individual components. The article presents a mathematical model that describes the operation of the low-pressure gas injector. Valtek plunger injector was chosen as the test object. The mathematical description includes three parts, i.e. electric, mechanical and pneumatic. The electrical part describes the generation of electromagnetic force by a circuit with a coil, in the mechanical equilibrium equation of forces acting on the plunger, and in the pneumatic part the air pressure on the plunger. The calculations were performed in the Matlab/Simulink environment, creating current waveforms, acting forces and plunger displacement. Correctness of mathematical description and determined in the course of opening and closing time calculations were related to the values declared by the manufacturer, showing differences below 3%. The presented mathematical model can be modified for other injector design solutions.
Natural Convection from Four Circular Cylinders in Across Arrangement within Horizontal Annular Space
Authors: Laidoudi Houssem 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Numerical investigation is accomplished to study the roles of governing parameters of natural convection on the fluid motion and heat transfer rate of four heated circular cylinders placed inside a circular enclosure of cold surface. The cylinders are positioned in across arrangement. The representative results are obtained within the ranges of initial conditions as: Prandtl number (Pr = 7.1 to 1000) and Rayleigh number (Ra = 103 to 105). The average Nusselt number of each inner cylinder is computed. The effects of thermal buoyancy strength on the fluid motion and temperature are also illustrated. It was found that the heat transfer rate of cylinders depends significantly on the position inside the enclosure. Moreover, the role of Prandtl number on flow and thermal patterns is negligible. The values of Nusselt number are also given, which can be useful for some engineering applications.
Supply Chain Planning Problem Considering Customer Inventory Holding Cost Based on an Improved Tabu Search Algorithm
Authors: Li Tao , Yang Wenyin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper studies Inventory location routing problem in supply chain distribution network planning under vendor inventory management while considering customer inventory holding cost. In order to minimize the total cost of supply chain, an optimization model is established and an improved tabu search algorithm is used to solve the problem. From the analysis, it shows that the total cost decreases as the total vehicles capacity increases, and the maximum utilization of alternative vehicles and the minimum cost of the system don’t occur at the same time in some cases.
Can We Improve the Evaluation of Cardiovascular Risk in Obese Children? A Possible Study Protocol
Authors: Negrea Mihai Octavian , Neamțu Mihai Leonida 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The link between obesity and a wide range of cardiovascular disorders is well known.(1,2) In recent years, the prevalence of obesity has reached an alarming level.(3) Unfortunately, the situation is similar for the paediatric population – which may provide a perspective on the continuously growing global burden of this affliction.(4) Acting upon this issue is a fundamental direction in modern preventive medicine. A firm action starting in childhood may prove itself to be more beneficial the sooner it is implemented. Multiple anthropometric, clinical, laboratory and imaging parameters have been related to the presence of obesity and cardiovascular risk. This article represents a proposal for a possible protocol of a study aimed at paediatric obesity as a cardiovascular risk factor and aims to construct a model for a therapeutic intervention in these patients.
Principles of Rhythm Management in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Tonch-Cerbu Alexandra Kristine , Stoia Oana , Teodoru Minodora , Eminovici Gabriela 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is a multilateral arrhythmia, which causes the clinician to encounter difficulties in its therapeutic approach for each new patient. The purpose of this paper aims in particular at evaluating the management of atrial fibrillation, namely its cardioversion and rhythm control. The population study consisted of 50 patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation, who underwent transesophageal echocardiographic investigation before cardioversion. All of these patients had transesophageal echocardiography. Certain echocardiographic parameters, such as the size of the left atrium, the presence of intracavitary thrombi, the left atrial appendage flow velocity, and the presence of spontaneous contrast, were taken into account. Cardioversion (electrical and pharmacological) was successful in 78.05% of patients. An appendage flow velocity greater than 40 cm/s, the absence of spontaneous contrast and the normal size of the left atrium, can be among the predictors of successful cardioversion.
A Review of the Current Self-Report Measures for Assessing Children’s Dental Anxiety
Authors: Vlad Ramona , Monea Monica , Mihai Adriana 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Dental practitioners should be able to evaluate the anxiety in their young patients, as the quality of dental care is negatively affected by this condition. The aim of this review is to present the most used self-report scales available to assess the children’s dental fear or anxiety. We analysed the subjective and objective measures commonly used in the evaluation of children’s anxiety in clinical settings, in order to present the way in which dental anxiety is developed, knowing that these behavioural disturbances are maintained over time and could intensify during adulthood. Based on the evidence that established a correlation between dental anxiety and poor oral health, the early identification of dental anxiety and its prevalence was considered important, in order to reduce its impact and to develop better preventive measures. Furthermore, our findings could inform dentists and epidemiologists about the choice of self-report dental anxiety measures applicable in children.
Customized Coronal Conformation Systems for Lateral Teeth’s Direct Restorations
Authors: Marcov Elena-Cristina , Marcov Narcis , Burlibașa Mihai , Ionescu Camelia , Costache Maria Glencora , Stănescu Ruxandra , Voinescu Ioana , Donciu Irina , Malița Mădălina , Popoviciu Olivia , Dohotariu Sorana Cornelia Lixandru , Babiuc Iuliana , Bodnar Dana Cristina , Tănase Gabriela , Ionescu Ileana 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The restoration of a proximal wall depends on several factors, the conformation system playing one of the most important parts of the working protocol. The vertical, transversal and sagittal adaptation of the matrix band implies the use of one or two wedges and of a sectional matrix device (usually with a ring shape) with tines. The size, configuration and the material the tines are made of determine most of the quality of the adaption and stabilization of the matrix band. Even if these standardized tines have various designs and variable flexibility, a truly efficient tine should have a customized configuration which can be obtained after taking the impression of the initial proximal wall. The clinical situations that allow the customization of the standard tines imply proximal caries that have not interrupted the proximal wall or that have interrupted it less than one third of the transversal distance.
Vitamin K2 in Osteoporosis Treatment
Authors: Zah Corina Adelina , Grama Paul 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Osteoporosis is represented by loss of bone mass with consequent bone fragility and increased risk of fractures. Current treatment options include several classes of drugs and adjuvant use of vitamin D and calcium. The aim of this review is to study whether vitamin K2 could be of use to the actual treatment schemes as it is directly implicated in the normal metabolism of bone tissue. After consulting the current literature, we have found that vitamin K2 is able to reduce the risk of fracture in osteoporotic patients, increase osteocalcin and diminish levels of undercarboxylated osteocalcin. In conclusion, vitamin K2 has the capability of improving the outcome and evolution of osteoporosis with minimal to no adverse effects and possibly achieving higher treatment compliance.
A Comparative Study on the Perception of Dental Esthetics of Laypersons and Dental Students
Authors: Babiuc Iuliana , Opincaru Ioana-Ioesefina , Păuna Mihaela , Burlibașa Mihai , Tănase Gabriela , Burlibașa Liliana , Donciu Irina , Beuran Irina Adriana , Ionescu Ileana , Ionescu Camelia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Esthetic dentistry aims to create a harmonious smile that is well integrated with the facial architecture of the patient. A good understanding of the patient’s esthetic perception is important when designing a smile.
Materials and methods: 106 subjects, 51 patients 54 dental students took part in the study. Each subject was asked to evaluate 10 pictures showing frontal aspect of real cases. They were asked to rate the aesthetics of the clinical cases on a scale from 1 to 5. An open question was associated with each picture, where the subjects were asked to describe what they like and what they do not like about the picture.
Results and discussions: The overall mean esthetic rating of dental students was 2,68, while the laypersons’ rating was 2,98. Crowded teeth are more often criticized by patients, while dental students consider that slight crowding give a more natural appearance and individualize the teeth. The presence of diastema is observed by dental students even when it is discrete. The discrepancy between maxillary and mandibular dental midline is more easily observed by dental students. Discolored teeth lead to low aesthetic scores for both groups of subjects. Dental students gave lower esthetic scores to restorations with uniform colour, while laypersons appreciate white restorations. The limited height of papillae is considered unattractive by dental students, while laypersons hardly notice this aspect.
Conclusions: This study showed several differences in the aesthetic perception of dental students and laypersons. Students were generally more critical and gave lower scores than laypersons. They also observed and criticized more aspects regarding the smile.