bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of flow in complex terrain using multi-Doppler lidar retrievals
Authors: Bell Tyler M. , Klein Petra , Wildmann Norman , Menke Robert 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Strategically placed Doppler lidars (DLs) offer insights into flow processes that are not observable with meteorological towers. For this study we use intersecting range height indicator (RHI) scans of scanning DLs to create four virtual towers. The measurements were performed during the Perdigão experiment, which set out to study atmospheric flows in complex terrain and to collect a high-quality dataset for the validation of meso- and microscale models. Here we focus on a period of 6 weeks from 1 May 2017 through 15 June 2017. During this Intensive Observation Period (IOP) data of six intersecting RHI scans are used to calculate wind speeds at four virtual towers located along the valley at Perdigão with a temporal resolution of 15 min. While meteorological towers were only up to 100 m tall, the virtual towers cover heights from 50 to 600 m above the valley floor. Thus, they give additional insights into the complex interactions between the flow inside the valley and higher up across the ridges. Along with the wind speed and direction, uncertainties of the virtual-tower retrieval were analyzed. A case study of a nighttime stable boundary layer flow with wave features in the valley is presented to illustrate the usefulness of the virtual towers in analyzing the spatially complex flow over the ridges during the Perdigão campaign. This study shows that, despite having uncoordinated scans, the retrieved virtual towers add value in observing flow in and above the valley. Additionally, the results show the virtual towers can more accurately capture the flow in areas where the assumptions for more traditional DL scan strategies break down.
Simple Variations on The Tower of Hanoi
Authors: Mneimneh Saad 
Published: March 2020

The Tower of Hanoi problem was formulated in 1883 by mathematician Edouard Lucas. For over a century, this problem has become familiar to many of us in disciplines such as computer programming, algorithms, and discrete mathematics. Several variations to Lucas' original problem exist today, and interestingly some remain unsolved and continue to ignite research questions. Nevertheless, simple variations can still lead to interesting recurrences, which in turn are associated with exemplary proofs by induction. We explore this richness of the Tower of Hanoi beyond its classical setting to compliment the study of recurrences and proofs by induction, and clarify their pitfalls. Both topics are essential components of any typical introduction to algorithms or discrete mathematics.
Subject Classification: A20, C30, D40, D50, E50, M10, N70, P20, Q30, R20
Entre a cruz e o terreiro: uma análise em torno da integração entre a religiosidade afro-brasileira e o Ensino de História no Museu do Negro do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Silva Jessika Rezende Souza da 
Published: March 2020

Nos últimos anos, a formação de professores e a produção de materiais didáticos tem se aperfeiçoado no sentido de atender as demandas inauguradas pela Lei 10.639/03. Entretanto, percebe-se que, apesar do esforço para evitar o eurocentrismo, compreender africanos e afro-brasileiros enquanto agentes históricos ativos e valorizar a cultura de matriz africana, os temas ligados à religiosidade africana e afro-brasileira seguem silenciados nas salas de aula. Neste trabalho, problematizamos a persistente marginalização das manifestações culturais ligadas à temática religiosa no Ensino de História. Tomamos por objeto, como estudo de caso, a exposição do Museu do Negro do Rio de Janeiro para explicitar a possibilidade de uma abordagem histórica que integre aspectos culturais, atribuindo historicidade aos mesmos, visto que, o Museu do Negro aciona a cultura afro-brasileira, como espaço de resistência, para construir narrativas históricas sobre a população negra em diferentes períodos. Palavras-chave: Museu do Negro (Rio de Janeiro, RJ). História – Estudo e Ensino. Antirracismo. Educação Multicultural.
Transcriptome sequencing and analysis reveals the molecular response to selenium stimuli in Pueraria lobata (willd.) Ohwi
Authors: Guo Kunyuan , Yao Yiwei , Yang Meng , Li Yanni , Wu Bin , Lin Xianming 
Published: March 2020

Pueraria lobata (willd.) Ohwi is a consumable selenium-enriched plant used for medicinal purposes. The molecular response to selenium (Se) stimuli in P. lobata is currently unknown. We used RNA-Seq to identify potential genes involved in selenite metabolism and analyzed their expression profiles. We obtained a total of 150,567 unigenes, of which 90,961 were annotated, including 16 structural genes, 14 sulfate transporters, and 13 phosphate transporters that may be involved in Se metabolism, and 33 candidate structural genes involved in isoflavone biosynthesis. The genes with a —foldchange— >2 and q value <0.05 after sodium selenite treatment were identified as differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We obtained a total of 4,246 DEGs, which were enriched in GO terms that included “response to stimulus”, “response to stress”, “signal transduction”, “response to abiotic stimulus”, and “response to chemical”. Of the 4,246 DEGs, one sulfate transporter and five phosphate transporter genes involved Se metabolism, and nine structural genes involved in isoflavone biosynthesis were up-regulated. The expression patterns of 10 DEGs were selected randomly and validated using qRT-PCR. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r) was 0.86, indicating the reliability of RNA-Seq results. 22 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenging DEGs were found, 11 of which were up-regulated. 436, 624 transcription factors (TFs) correlated with structural genes were identified that may be involved in Se and isoflavone biosynthesis, respectively, using r (r > 0.7 or r < − 0.7). 556 TFs were related to at least one sulfate and phosphate transporter. Our results provided a comprehensive description of gene expression and regulation in response to Se stimuli in P. lobata.
Visible Laser on Silicon Optofluidic Microcavity
Authors: Omran Haitham , Sameh Mohab , Mahfouz Ahmed , Saad Omar , Abou Kana Maram T. H. , Marty Frédéric , Khalil Diaa , Bourouina Tarik , Sabry Yasser M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOptical readout within microfluidic chips is a bottleneck limiting their industrial development. The integration of lasers operating in the visible range within a microfluidic platform is crucial for enabling in situ optical measurements in lab‐on‐a‐chip applications. In principle, microstructured single‐crystal silicon is an excellent optofluidic platform, which allows integration of microfluidic channels together with optical circuits including micro‐optics, waveguides, and resonant cavities. However, the silicon absorption below 1.1 µm is a fundamental limit that prohibits the use of silicon‐based microcavities as the feedback element for visible lasers and restricts their use to the infrared only. In this work, an ultra‐wide band silicon cavity enabled by two deeply etched hollow‐core planar waveguides is demonstrated. The proposed microcavity shows a broad bandwidth extending from 500 to 1600 nm with quality factors up to 2067. A tubular microfluidic channel is inserted between the mirrors of the optofluidic cavity. The microfluidic channel is filled with Rhodamine 6G (R6G) at 20 µL min−1 flow rate allowing successful demonstration of lasing on silicon at 562.4 nm. The laser beam propagates in‐plane (along the chip surface) and is handled with monolithically integrated input/output optical fiber grooves. This provides a unique silicon platform integrating hollow core optofluidic channels together with optical cavities, which is suitable for implementing optical readout in lab‐on‐a‐chip devices.
Visual assessment of the impact of agricultural management practices on soil quality
Authors: Alaoui Abdallah , Barão Lúcia , Ferreira Carla S. S. , Schwilch Gudrun , Basch Gottlieb , Garcia‐Orenes Fuensanta , Morugan Alicia , Mataix‐Solera Jorge , Kosmas Costas , Glavan Matjaž , Szabó Brigitta , Hermann Tamás , Vizitiu Olga Petrutza , Lipiec Jerzy , Frąc Magdalena , Reintam Endla , Xu Minggang , Di Jiaying , Fan Hongzhu , Sukkel Wijnand , Lemesle Julie , Geissen Violette , Fleskens Luuk 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe intensification of agricultural practices to increase food and feed outputs is a pressing challenge causing deterioration of soil quality and soil functions. Such a challenge demands provision of empirical evidence to provide context‐sensitive guidance on agricultural management practices (AMPs) that may enhance soil quality. The objectives of this study are to identify the most promising AMPs (and their combinations) applied by farmers with the most positive effects on soil quality and to evaluate the sensitivity of the soil quality indicators to the applied AMPs. The effect of selected AMPs on soil quality was assessed using a visual soil assessment tool in a total of 138 pairs of plots spread across 14 study site areas in Europe and China covering representative pedo‐climatic zones. The inventory and scoring of soil quality were conducted together with landowners. Results show that 104 pairs show a positive effect of AMPs on soil quality. Higher effects of the AMPs were observed in lower fertile soils (i.e., Podzols and Calcisols) as opposed to higher fertile soils (i.e., Luvisols and Fluvisols). For the single use applications, the AMPs with positive effects were crop rotation; manuring, composting, and no‐tillage; followed by organic agriculture and residue maintenance. Cluster analysis showed that the most promising combinations of AMPs with the most positive effects on soil quality are composed of crop rotation, mulching, and min‐till. The agreement between scientific skills and empirical knowledge in the field identified by the farmers confirm our findings and ensures their applicability.
The anatomy of abscission zones is diverse among grass species
Authors: Yu Yunqing , Leyva Patricia , Tavares Rachel L. , Kellogg Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2020

PremiseAbscission zones (AZ) are specialized cell layers that separate plant parts at the organ junction upon developmental or environmental signals. Fruit or seed abscission has been well studied in model species because of its crucial role for seed dispersal. Previous work showed that AZ localization differs among species of Poaceae and that AZ formation is histologically and genetically distinct in three distantly related grass species, refuting the idea of a broadly conserved module. However, whether AZ structure is consistent within subfamilies is unknown.MethodsEleven species were selected from six subfamilies of Poaceae, and their AZ was investigated using paraffin‐embedded, stained material. Observations were added from the literature for an additional six species. Data were recorded on AZ location and whether cells in the AZ were distinguishable by size or lignification. Characteristics of the AZ were mapped on the phylogeny using maximum likelihood.ResultsAbscission zone anatomy and histology vary among species, and characteristics of the AZ do not correlate with phylogeny. Twelve of the seventeen studied species have an AZ in which the cells are significantly smaller than surrounding cells. Of these, eight have differential lignification. Differential lignification is often associated with differential cell size, but not vice versa.ConclusionsNeither smaller cells in the AZ nor differential lignification between the AZ and surrounding cells is required for abscission, although differential cell size and lignification are often correlated. Abscission zone anatomy does not correlate with phylogeny, suggesting its rapid change over evolutionary time.
Congenital hypothyroidism, cardiac defects, and pancreatic agenesis in an infant with GATA6 mutation
Authors: Raghuram Nikhil , Marwaha Ashish , Greer Mary‐Louise C. , Gauda Estelle , Chitayat David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGATA6 pathogenic variants primarily manifest a phenotype with pancreatic agenesis and cardiac malformations. However, additional congenital malformations affecting the biliary system, congenital diaphragmatic hernia and developmental delay have been reported. We report a newborn, prenatally diagnosed with truncus arteriosus and intrauterine growth restriction, who was postnatally found to have pancreatic agenesis associated with neonatal diabetes and hepatobiliary abnormalities. Whole exome sequencing identified a de novo, heterozygous mutation in the GATA6 gene (c.1366C>T; p.Arg456Cys). Further investigations revealed abnormalities not previously associated with GATA6 mutation, including unilateral thyroid lobe agenesis associated with congenital hypothyroidism, absent gall bladder, possible adrenal insufficiency, thrombocytopenia, and neonatal stroke.
In Situ Raman Monitoring and Manipulating of Interfacial Hydrogen Spillover by Precise Fabrication of Au/TiO2/Pt Sandwich Structures
Authors: Wei Jie , Qin Si‐Na , Liu Jing‐Li , Ruan Xiang‐Yu , Guan Zhiqiang , Yan Hao , Wei Di‐Ye , Zhang Hua , Cheng Jun , Xu Hongxing , Tian Zhong‐Qun , Li Jian‐Feng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe spillover of hydrogen species and its role in tuning the activity and selectivity in catalytic hydrogenation have been investigated in situ using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with 10 nm spatial resolution through the precise fabrication of Au/TiO2/Pt sandwich nanostructures. In situ SERS study reveals that hydrogen species can efficiently spillover at Pt‐TiO2‐Au interfaces, and the ultimate spillover distance on TiO2 is about 50 nm. Combining kinetic isotope experiments and density functional theory calculations, it is found that the hydrogen spillover proceeds via the water‐assisted cleavage and formation of surface hydrogen–oxygen bond. More importantly, the selectivity in the hydrogenation of the nitro or isocyanide group is manipulated by controlling the hydrogen spillover. This work provides molecular insights to deepen the understanding of hydrogen activation and boosts the design of active and selective catalysts for hydrogenation.
Consecutive Charging of a Perylene Bisimide Dye by Multistep Low‐Energy Solar‐Light‐Induced Electron Transfer Towards H2 Evolution
Authors: Xu Yucheng , Zheng Jiaxin , Lindner Joachim O. , Wen Xinbo , Jiang Nianqiang , Hu Zhicheng , Liu Linlin , Huang Fei , Würthner Frank , Xie Zengqi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA photocatalytic system containing a perylene bisimide (PBI) dye as a photosensitizer anchored to titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles through carboxyl groups was constructed. Under solar‐light irradiation in the presence of sacrificial triethanolamine (TEOA) in neutral and basic conditions (pH 8.5), a reaction cascade is initiated in which the PBI molecule first absorbs green light, giving the formation of a stable radical anion (PBI.−), which in a second step absorbs near‐infrared light, forming a stable PBI dianion (PBI2−). Finally, the dianion absorbs red light and injects an electron into the TiO2 nanoparticle that is coated with platinum co‐catalyst for hydrogen evolution. The hydrogen evolution rates (HERs) are as high as 1216 and 1022 μmol h−1 g−1 with simulated sunlight irradiation in neutral and basic conditions, respectively.
A Multi‐component All‐DNA Biosensing System Controlled by a DNAzyme
Authors: Zhou Zhixue , Brennan John D. , Li Yingfu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report on a programmable all‐DNA biosensing system that centers on the use of a 4‐way junction (4WJ) to transduce a DNAzyme reaction into an amplified signal output. A target acts as a primary input to activate an RNA‐cleaving DNAzyme, which then cleaves an RNA‐containing DNA substrate that is designed to be a component of a 4WJ. The formation of the 4WJ controls the release of a DNA output that becomes an input to initiate catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), which produces a second DNA output that controls assembly of a split G‐quadruplex as a fluorescence signal generator. The 4WJ can be configured to produce either a turn‐off or turn‐on switch to control the degree of CHA, allowing target concentration to be determined in a quantitative manner. We demonstrate this approach by creating a sensor for E. coli that could detect as low as 50 E. coli cells mL−1 within 85 min and offers an amplified bacterial detection method that does not require a protein enzyme.
Preparation and optical parameter characterization of two aldehyde derivative thin films for photonic applications by drop casting method
Authors: Melavanki Raveendra , Vaijayanthimala S. , Yallur Basappa Chanabasappa , Shelar Vikas M. , Singh Diksha , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar , Patil N.R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, thin films of polymer poly(methyl methacrylate) were prepared using a drop casting method. Two newly synthesized aldehyde derivatives, 2‐bromomalonaldehyde and 5,6‐dihydroimidazo[2,1‐b]thiazole‐2‐carbaldehyde, were used at different concentrations to dope the films. The prepared films were transparent and therefore studied for application in photonics. Optical characterization of the samples was carried out using different spectroscopy techniques. Absorption spectra for both samples were obtained using a UV–vis light spectrophotometer. Other significant optical parameters, such as refractive index, extinction coefficient, and band gap energies, were calculated from the absorption spectra. The effect of doping concentration on these parameters was studied. Emission spectra were obtained using a fluorescence spectrophotometer and the effect of doping was observed. Fourier transform infrared spectra of the doped films were obtained and compared with the pure compound to note changes in peak values and peak intensity. This present work studied the effect of doping on optical properties and examined the application of the samples for photonics.
Impact of technically qualified surgeons on laparoscopic colorectal resection outcomes: results of a propensity score-matching analysis
Authors: Ichikawa N , Homma S , Funakoshi T , Ohshima T , Hirose K , Yamada K , Nakamoto H , Kazui K , Yokota R , Honma T , Maeda Y , Yoshida T , Ishikawa T , Iijima H , Aiyama T , Taketomi A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
The Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System (ESSQS) was introduced in Japan to improve the quality of laparoscopic surgery. This cohort study investigated the short- and long-term postoperative outcomes of colorectal cancer laparoscopic procedures performed by or with qualified surgeons compared with outcomes for unqualified surgeons.

Methods
All laparoscopic colorectal resections performed from 2010 to 2013 in 11 Japanese hospitals were reviewed retrospectively. The procedures were categorized as performed by surgeons with or without the ESSQS qualification and patients' clinical, pathological and surgical features were used to match subgroups using propensity scoring. Outcome measures included postoperative and long-term results.

Results
Overall, 1428 procedures were analysed; 586 procedures were performed with ESSQS-qualified surgeons and 842 were done by ESSQS-unqualified surgeons. Upon matching, two cohorts of 426 patients were selected for comparison of short-term results. A prevalence of rectal resection (50·3 versus 40·5 per cent; P &lt; 0·001) and shorter duration of surgery (230 versus 238 min; P = 0·045) was reported for the ESSQS group. Intraoperative and postoperative complication and reoperation rates were significantly lower in the ESSQS group than in the non-ESSQS group (1·2 versus 3·6 per cent, P = 0·014; 4·6 versus 7·5 per cent, P = 0·025; 1·9 versus 3·9 per cent, P = 0·023, respectively). These findings were confirmed after propensity score matching. Cox regression analysis found that non-attendance of ESSQS-qualified surgeons (hazard ratio 12·30, 95 per cent c.i. 1·28 to 119·10; P = 0·038) was independently associated with local recurrence in patients with stage II disease.

Conclusion
Laparoscopic colorectal procedures performed with ESSQS-qualified surgeons showed improved postoperative results. Further studies are needed to investigate the impact of the qualification on long-term oncological outcomes.
Searching for safety: Building meaning bridges using digital imagery in school counselling with a female adolescent, ‘Sally’
Authors: van Rijn Biljana , Stiles William B. , Chryssafidou Evi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesAccording to the assimilation model, psychotherapeutic progress involves building semiotic meaning bridges between disconnected parts of the person. Previous research with a young male client, who was diagnosed with ASP, showed that digital imagery can serve to build inter and intrapersonal relating during counselling. This project aimed to further elaborate that theory with a client of a different gender and with different presenting issues.DesignThis was a qualitative theory‐building case study.MethodThe client was a 16‐year‐old teenager seen in school counselling for 10 sessions who presented with a range of issues: problems with eating, depression and anxiety. She self‐harmed and had suicidal ideation and continued using counselling services after the end of the research project. Assimilation analysis used screen and accompanying voice recordings of the ten sessions, during the research project where she participated in an evaluation of cybertherapy software designed for therapy and coaching.ResultsThe client created three main digital scenes. The first scene represented difficulties she experienced in her everyday life; the second scene represented a longed for experience of safety, and the third her attempts to connect the two. The imagery and meanings evolved across this segment of treatment, providing a channel of interpersonal and intra‐personal communication.ConclusionsObservations showed how digital imagery can serve as meaning bridges between client and counsellor and between internal parts of the client.
Generalized granuloma annulare associated with essential thrombocythemia
Authors: Polineni Sai P. , Lawyer Steven 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe only myeloproliferative neoplasm associated with generalized granuloma annulare (GA) is chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We present the first reported case of GA in a patient with essential thrombocythemia (ET). Future work investigating the shared pathophysiology of GA‐associated CML and ET may improve our understanding of GA pathophysiology and treatment.