bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial potential of Some Medicinal Plants Extracted by Supercritical Fluid Extractor; Their Phytochemistry and GC-MS Analyses
Authors: Suleiman Waleed Bakry 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAlong with swift economy upgrowing and continuous amelioration of lifestyle, people at present are paying more attention to health issues. Synthetic drugs will be compensated with other natural ones which belong to natural origin. Plants have always been considered as sources of several compounds that are used in many fields, especially human and animal health, starting from boosting the immunity to treatment of infectious diseases caused by some pathogenic microbes such as bacteria, fungi as well as viruses. This study aimed to incorporate some types of plants within antimicrobial portfolio through examination of different six plants which were Cichorium intybus, Cinnamomum camphora, Commiphora myrrha, Foeniculum vulgare, Nerium oleander and Spartium junceum. As well, attempting to identify the active constituents of their extracts using GC-MS.Materials and MethodsAll selected plants were analyzed to determine their phytochemical composition such as phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and so on. Extraction step was done by sophisticated equipment called supercritical fluid extractor SFE through adjustment of specific conditions include temperature, time, flow rate and pressure to change the behavior of CO2. Testing the antimicrobial activity of each plant extract via agar well diffusion method through formation of clear zones against wide range of pathogenic test microorganisms including both Gram positive and negative bacteria as well as yeasts. Finally, attempting to identify primarily the constituents of each plant extract using GC-MS.Results and Discussioncrude extract of F. vulgare showed the highest potency against C. albicans, E. faecalis and S. typhimurirm, it contains some unique compounds such as squalene, eugenol and isoeugenol while, Extract of Cichorium intybus showed a moderate activity especially against C. libolytica and MRSA and it includes Vitamin A like compound which indicates antioxidant property.ConclusionConclusively, fennel gave a promising result as a good wide spectrum antimicrobial agent because it contains some compounds act as antimicrobial agents such as eugenol which was used as food preservative in addition to squalene which acts as antioxidant and antimycotic agent so, it will be useful especially while it was used in highly purified form excluding all undesirable subcomponents.
Prevalence of Asymptomatic Malaria in Leaiten, Eritrea, 2017.
Authors: Tsegai Meron Berhe , Gezae Hermon Mekonen , Kifle Tesfagabr Akalu , Liebe Hosanna Ghenbot , Gebrezgabiher Aklilu Gebreyesus , Andegiorgish Amanuel Kidane , Kidane Eyob Azaria , Tesfamariam Eyasu Habte 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background As much as malaria control interventions may be directed at restricting transmission through mosquito control and treatment of symptomatic cases, the effect of asymptomatic cases in the transmission of malaria has not been given too much attention. On the other hand, asymptomatic carriers do not seek treatment, becoming permanent reservoirs, and hence creating a real pose to the public health. Objective The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and its associated factors in Leaiten village, Eritrea. Methods 322 eligible participants were randomly selected and interviewed. Thin and thick blood films were collected and Giemsa-stained to determine blood parasitaemia and speciation using light microscopy. Multivariate Logistic Regression was used to assess relationship between the potential factors identified and asymptomatic malaria. Results The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria was 5.9%, with a predominantly higher proportion (P) of Plasmodium Falciparum (P= 94.7%, n=18) than Plasmodium Vivax (P= 5.3%, n=1). Most of the infections were low density and at their ring form (P = 94.7%, n = 18). Only one subject had medium density and a gametocyte stage infection (P = 5.3%). The odds of asymptomatic malaria by sex, age, occupation or education was not significantly different. Bed net usage in comparison to no usage was not a significant predictor of asymptomatic malaria (5.5% vs. 7.6, p-value = 0.519). Those with asymptomatic malaria who had previous malaria sickness (4.2%) was not significantly different to those who had never been sick (7.3%), (OR = 0.56, p-value = 0.248). People who lived near water body (8.5%) were equally likely to be asymptomatic to those who didn’t live near water body (4.9%), (OR = 1.82, p-value = 0.215), out of which, those who lived near open water body had no difference in acquiring asymptomatic malaria to those who lived near closed water body (OR = 2.26, p-value = 0.457). Conclusion This study indicated the hidden impact of asymptomatic malaria in perpetuating malaria transmission in the village. Further assessment of the impact of asymptomatic malaria, on malaria transmission, is needed based on a larger and more sensitive method.
Percutaneous vertebroplasty with high- versus low-viscosity bone cement for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Miao Feng , Zeng Xiaojun , Wang Wei , Zhao Zhou 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: There is no consensus on the best choice between high- and low-viscosity bone cement for percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and leakage between three cements with different viscosities in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.Methods: This is a prospective study comparing patients who were treated with PVP: group A (n = 99, 107 vertebrae) with high-viscosity OSTEOPAL V cement, group B (n = 79, 100 vertebrae) with low-viscosity OSTEOPAL V cement, and group C (n = 88, 102 vertebrae) with low-viscosity Eurofix VTP cement. Postoperative pain severity was evaluated using the visual analog scale. Cement leakage was evaluated using radiography and computed tomography.Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of cement leakage between the three groups (group A 20.6%, group B 24.2%, group C 20.6%, P = 0.767). All three groups showed significant reduction in postoperative pain scores but did not differ significantly in pain scores at postoperative 2 days (group A 2.01 ± 0.62, group B 2.15 ± 0.33, group C 1.92 ± 0.71, P = 0.646). During the 6 months after cement implantation, significantly less reduction in the fractured vertebral body height was noticed in group B and group C than in group A (group A 19.0%, group B 8.1%, group C 7.3%, P = 0.009).Conclusions: Low-viscosity cement has comparable incidence of leakage compared to high-viscosity cement in PVP for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. It also can better prevent postoperative loss of vertebral body height.
CHALLENGES IN ANAESTHESIA DURING SPACE EXPLORATION MISSIONS
Authors: Benson Stuart , Cable Gordon , Workman Lorna 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT

Aim
NASA and private spacefaring companies plan to send exploration missions to mars within the next two decades. The environment of space, duration of the mission, distance from earth, and limited available resources present significant challenges for the provision of health care. It has been estimated that at least one medical emergency is likely to occur during such a mission, which may necessitate surgical treatment, and therefore anaesthesia. The provision of safe anaesthesia faces challenges arising from physiological adaptations to space, difficulty achieving and maintaining personnel expertise, possible pharmacological changes in anaesthetic agents used, limited consumable shelf-life and provision of intravenous fluids and blood products. In this review article we discuss these challenges in the context of a hypothetical case.
What children and young people learn about ADHD from youth information books: A text analysis of nine books on ADHD available in Dutch
Authors: Batstra Laura , Foget Linda , van Haeringen Caroline , te Meerman Sanne , Thoutenhoofd Ernst Daniël 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is not a singular concept. For the purposes of this study, understandings of ADHD are assumed also to spread along a conceptual dimension that includes some combination of biomedical and psychosocial knowledge. Biomedically, ADHD may be considered a somatic affliction causing inattention and hyperactivity, amenable to pharmaceutical treatment. Psychosocially, ADHD ranks among adverse behaviour patterns that are amenable to psychosocial and pedagogical intervention. Considering both biomedical and psychosocial factors are associated with the ADHD construct, it seems self-evident that young people should be offered information that gives equal consideration to both ways of addressing ADHD, but the question is just how balanced the information available to young people is. This study investigated nine information books on ADHD available in the Netherlands in Dutch, aimed at children and young people up to age 17. Thirteen perspective-dependent text elements were identified in qualitative content analysis. Eight attributes associate with a biomedical view: ADHD as cause, biological factors, clinical diagnosis, brain abnormality, medication, neurofeedback, heritability and persistence. Five text elements associate with a psychosocial view: ADHD as perceived behaviour, environmental factors, descriptive diagnosis, behavioural intervention and normalisation. The most frequent text passages encountered describe ADHD as a brain abnormality, along with medical and behavioural treatment. Providing the main focus for information in eight out of nine books, biomedical information about ADHD predominates in the available youth information books, while psychosocial information about ADHD is far less well covered.
Relasi Kelisanan Al-Qur’an dan Pancasila Dalam Upaya Menjaga dan Mengembangkan Identitas Islam Indonesia
Authors: Alwi HS Muhammad , Hamid Nur 
Published: January 2020

<em>Yudian Wahyudi voiced his idea that Indonesia (read: Pancasila) is a religious and secular country simultaneously. The idea arose because many said Indonesia was a secular country, on the other hand, it was also mentioned that Indonesia was a religious country. It is said as a secular country because Indonesia has a lot of 'oriented' to the West. While referred to as a religious country because it has the majority Muslim population in the world. This paper will explain the position of the Pancasila as the way of life of the Indonesian people, associated with the Qur'an which is a way of life for Muslims. In this context, al-Qur'an will be explained as the realm of its orality, as is the identity of the Qur'an delivered verbally: from Allah, the Angel Gabriel, the Prophet Muhammad to the Arab community (audience). In this case, reading the oral side of the Koran, through the theory of Orality from Walter J. Ong, will be important if it is realized that there are distinct characteristics for oral delivery, one of which is the context that was born in the oral demands of the present, that is, when the Qur'an is delivered verbally, then the solution-problem or message delivered is based on the current context. At this point, Pancasila is present on Indonesian soil to answer problems and give messages that are also based on the Indonesian context. Also, through the integration of general knowledge in understanding and applying the values of Pancasila and the beauty of the Qur'an, it will give birth to a national and religious attitude that always responds to the development of the times appropriately. Both of these life guidelines maintain Indonesia's existing identity - which is good and advance the life of the nation and state. </em>
Knockdown of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Affects mRNA Expression of Genes Involved in the Induction of Resistance to Apoptosis in MOLT-4 Cells
Authors: Naimi Adel , Safaei Sahar , Entezari Atefeh , Solali Saeed , Hassanzadeh Ali 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2) is a subunit of the polycomb repressive
complex 2 that silences the gene transcription via H3K27me3. Previous studies have shown that EZH2 has an
important role in the induction of the resistance against the Tumor necrosis factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing
Ligand (TRAIL)-Induced Apoptosis (TIA) in some leukemia cells.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of silencing EZH2 gene expression using RNA
interference on the expression of death receptors 4 and 5 (DR4/5), Preferentially expressed Antigen in Melanoma
(PRAME), and TRAIL human lymphoid leukemia MOLT-4 cells.

Methods:
Quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the EZH2 expression and other candidate genes following
the siRNA knockdown in MOLT-4 cells. The toxicity of the EZH2 siRNA was evaluated using Annexin V/PI
assay following the transfection of the cells by 80 pM EZH2 siRNA at 48 hours.

Results:
Based on the flow-cytometry results, the EZH2 siRNA had no toxic effects on MOLT-4 cells. Also, the
EZH2 inhibition increased the expression of DR4/5 but reduced the PRAME gene expression at the mRNA
levels. Moreover, the EZH2 silencing could not change the TRAIL mRNA in the transfected cells.

Conclusion:
Our results revealed that the down-regulation of EZH2 in MOLT-4 cells was able to affect the
expression of important genes involved in the induction of resistance against TIA. Hence, we suggest that the
silencing of EZH2 using RNA interference can be an effective and safe approach to help defeat the MOLT-4
cell resistance against TIA.
Chrystologia biblijna – pogańskie litery. Na przykładzie chrześcijańskiego centonu „De Verbi Incarnatione”
Authors: Piątek Mariusz Krzysztof 
Published: January 2020

Artykuł prezentuje chrystologię centonu De Verbi Incarnatione. Jego głównym celem jest ukazanie sposobu, w jaki centonista wykorzystuje fragmenty dzieł Wergiliusza do stworzenia chrześcijańskiej teologii w swoim poemacie. Czy używa tylko liter, a może korzysta również z kontekstu, który pojawia się na kartach Eneidy, Bukolik i Georgik. W poszukiwaniu podobieństw i różnic pomiędzy De Verbi Incarnatione a poematami Wergiliusza zostaną przeanalizowane cztery fragmenty, które prezentują biblijną chrystologię – Łk 2, 7, Rdz 3, 6, J 10, 30, J 14, 6.
Обобщенные многообразия Кенмоцу постоянного типа
Authors: Абу-Салеем Ахмад , Рустанов Алигаджи Рабаданович , Мелехина Татьяна Леонидовна 
Published: January 2020

В работе мы рассматриваем обобщенные многообразия Кенмоцу, мы вводим четвертое и пятое фундаментальные тождества обобщенных многообразий Кенмоцу, вводятся первый и второй структурные тензоры обобщенных многообразий Кенмоцу и доказаны их свойства, вводится понятие присоединенной Q-алгебры для обобщенных многообразий Кенмоцу. Доказано, что обобщенное многообразие Кенмоцу, а также специальные обобщенные многообразия Кенмоцу II рода имеют антикоммутативную присоединенную Q-алгебру.А многообразия Кенмоцу и специальные обобщенные многообразия Кенмоцу I рода имеют абелеву присоединенную Q-алгебру. Вводится контактный аналог постоянства типа и подробно исследуются обобщенные многообразия Кенмоцу постоянного типа. Получены условия точечного постоянства типа обобщенных многообразий Кенмоцу на пространстве присоединенной G-структуры. Доказано, что класс GK-многообразий нулевого постоянного типа совпадает с классом многообразий Кенмоцу, а класс GK-многообразий ненулевого постоянного типа конциркулярным преобразованием переводит-ся в почти контактное метрическое многообразие локально эквивалентное произведению шестимерного собственногоNK-многообразия на вещественную прямую.
SOBRE A ESCOLA COMO ESPAÇO DE PRECONCEITOS EM REPRESENTAÇÕES NO GÊNERO REPORTAGEM
Authors: Biavati Nadia Dolores Fernandes , Silva Dulcineia 
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, apresenta-se uma análise, destacando algumas repercussões possíveis da reportagem intitulada “Vamos combater o preconceito?” publicada na Edição 318 da revista Nova Escola. Cumprimos nosso intento à luz da Teoria das Representações Sociais de Moscovici (1978, 1981, 1984, 1988, 2003) e da Linguística Aplicada enquanto ciência social de estudos da linguagem, especialmente tratando o caráter interdisciplinar das reflexões de Moita Lopes (2006). Os objetivos são a identificação das representações sociais que perpassam os discursos dos entrevistados representados, bem como a análise dos discursos das classes hegemônicas presentes na reportagem. Desse modo, os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados constituem-se na identificação e na análise dos sujeitos em seus papéis sociais e dos discursos enunciados por eles a partir do gênero textual reportagem. Enfim, os papéis sociais indiciam modos de representar a realidade no gênero reportagem, fortalecendo e naturalizando, por vezes, percepções sobre a escola e os sujeitos que são objetos de preconceito.
ETERNA MARIA...
Authors: Alves Larissa Silva , Barbosa Adriana Maria De Abreu 
Published: January 2020

Objetiva-se aqui apresentar uma análise discursiva da relação teórico-literária do conto “Maria” de Conceição Evaristo com a teoria filosófica de Simone de Beauvouir, “A mulher independente”. Com base numa perspectiva feminista e com abordagem teórico-metodológica da autora Gloria Jean Watkins, mais conhecida por bell hooks, trataremos aqui de averiguar os pontos comumente marcados pela condição feminina referente à classe social e etnia. Partindo de uma perspectiva abstrata e biológica da composição feminina, discutiremos a relação entre essa composição e a condição social da mulher negra brasileira aos olhos de Maria. Ao tratar-se da integridade feminina, nos apropriamos de conceitos que tragam a relação entre o imaginário discursivo e a composição emocional da mulher negra.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Crítica Feminista; Escrevivência; Feminismo negro; Literatura feminina
PENGARUH APLIKASI BIOCHAR DAN PEMUPUKAN NITROGEN TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN NPK TANAH PADA PERTANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Sirait Rumse Fitriana , Sarno Sarno , Afrianti Nur Afni , Niswati Ainin 
Published: January 2020

Jagung merupakan komoditas pangan kedua yang memiliki permintaan tinggi yang tidak diimbangi dengan produksi yang rendah. Kesuburan tanah yang rendah menyebabkan pengelolaan tanah yang tidak sesuai sehingga perlu dilakukan usaha untuk memperbaiki kesuburan tanah dengan penambahan biochar dan pemupukan N yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: mempelajari pengaruh biochar terhadap ketersediaan NPK tanah terhadap tanaman jagung manis, mempelajari pengaruh pemupukan N terhadap ketersediaan NPK tanah terhadap tanaman jagung manis, dan mempelajari pengaruh interaksi antara biochar dan pemupukan N terhadap ketersediaan NPK tanah terhadap tanaman jagung manis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lahan Lapang Terpadu Unila, Bandar Lampung dari Januari sampai September 2017. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah dosis biochar yaitu: 0 ; 2,5 dan 5 t ha-1. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk N yaitu 0 ; 45 ; 90 dan 135 kg N ha-1. Homogenitas ragam data diuji dengan Uji Bartlett dan aditivitas data diuji dengan Uji Tukey. Data diolah dengan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji BNJ pada taraf nyata 1%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian biochar berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap ketersediaan hara N, P dan K dalam tanah, berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar C-organik tanah dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pH tanah, pemupukan N berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap ketersediaan hara N, P , K dan pH tanah dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar C-organik tanah, selain itu terdapat interaksi sangat nyata antara pemberian biochar dan pemupukan N terhadap ketersediaan hara N dan K, namun tidak berinteraksi nyata terhadap kadar P dalam tanah dan dosis optimum pemberian biochar adalah 2,5 t ha-1, sedangkan dosis pupuk N adalah 45 dan 90 kg N ha-1.
PENGARUH PUPUK FOSFAT TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI, DAN MUTU BENIH KEDELAI (GLYCINE MAX L. MERRILL) YANG DITANAM DI LAHAN SAWAH PADA MUSIM KEMARAU
Authors: Agustiansyah Agustiansyah , Ermawati Ermawati , Pramono Eko , Wibowo A T 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui dosis pupuk fosfat yang optimum untuk tiga (3) varietas kedelai dalam pertumbuhan, produksi, dan mutu benih, (2) mengetahui interaksi antara peningkatan pupuk fosfat dan tiga varietas kedelai terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan mutu benih yang ditanam pada lahan sawah Juli–September 2017. Rancangan perlakuan disusun secara faktorial (3x5). Faktor pertama adalah tiga varietas kedelai (Anjasmoro, Grobogan, Burangrang), faktor kedua adalah lima taraf pemupukan SP-36 (0, 100, 150, 200, dan 250 kg/ha). Pemisahan nilai tengah menggunakan teknik Uji Perbandingan Orthogonal. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa dosis SP-36 yang memberikan hasil maksimum Varietas Grobogan 193–200 kg/ha, Anjasmoro 182–189 kg/ha; dan Burangrang 159–164 kg/ha. Pertumbuhan, produksi dan mutu benih ketiga varietas berbeda. Varietas Grobogan lebih baik daripada varietas Anjasmoro dan Burangrang yang ditunjukkan oleh laju pengisian biji, dan bobot 100 butir. Varietas Anjasmoro lebih baik daripada Burangrang ditunjukkan daun trifoliat dan jumlah biji. Pertumbuhan dan mutu benih ketiga varietas tidak berbeda pada variabel tingkat kehijauan daun, daya berkecambah, dan kecepatan berkecambah. Sementara itu pemupukan SP-36 optimum menghasilkan produksi dari Varietas Grobogan lebih baik daripada Varietas Anjasmoro dan Burangrang ditunjukkan pada bobot biji pertanaman dan hasil benih. Varietas Anjasmoro lebih baik daripada Burangrang dalam meningkatkan bobot kering berangkasan, luas daun, jumlah polong, dan jumlah biji.
Total Physical Response (TPR) Method in Improving English Vocabulary Acquisition of 5-6 Years Old Children
Authors: Mariyam Siti Nurfalah , Musfiroh Tadkiroatun 
Published: January 2020

Nowadays, English has become one of the subjects that must be mastered. Thus, English learning should be done from an early age. This research aimed to describe how Total Physical Response (TPR) method can improve English vocabulary achievement in 5-6 years old children. TPR is the language learning approach which stimulates the children in acquiring their mother language which implemented in teaching foreign languages. The samples of this research were 5-6 years students of TK (Kindergarten) An-Nisa, Rokan Hilir, Riau Province, Indonesia with the total samples 15 students. This research used qualitative research. The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics, analyzing the scores of English vocabularies. The results showed that noun categories had the highest percentage in vocabulary acquisition (97.78 %), then followed by verbs (86.67 %) and adjectives (62.22 %). Meanwhile, the percentages of vocabularies that used by children were verbs (24.44 %), nouns (11.11 %), while the children were still not capable in using adjectives (0 %). The results of this research is expected to contribute to the development of English learning for young learners.