bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual and Community Level Factors Associated with Early Sexual Initiation Among Female Youth in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey.
Authors: Arefaynie Mastewal , Yalew Melaku , Damtie Yitayish , Kefale Bereket 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: There is limited national representative evidence on determinants of early sexual act among youth (female) especially community level factors are not investigated in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess individual and community level factors associated with early sexual initiation among female youth in Ethiopia.Method: A secondary data analysis was done on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) dataset was collected cross-sectional. A total of 6143 15-24 years’ old females irrespective of their sexual activity were included in the analysis. Multi-level mixed-effect logistic regression analysis was done by STATA version 14.0 to identify individual and community-level factors. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to show the strength and direction of association and statistical significance was declared at P value less than 0.05.Result: individual level factors significantly associated with early sexual initiation among female youth were; age group from 19-24 years [AOR=5.77, 95% CI= (4.58, 7.27)], not attend school [AOR=14.1, 95% CI= (8.06, 24.66)], ever chew Chat [AOR= 1.98, 95%CI= (1.32, 2.97)]. From community label variables living in Addis Ababa [AOR= 0.28, 95%CI= (0.17, 0.45)], living in Gambella [AOR=2.7, 95%CI= (1.7, 4.29)] and live in low proportion of poor communities [AOR= 0.66, 95% CI= (0.49, 0.9)] were significantly associated with early initiation of sexual intercourse of female youth. Conclusion: increased age, low educational status, ever chewing Chat, region and live in high proportion of poor community had statistical association with early sexual initiation among female youth. Improving educational coverage, improving community level wealth status are important interventions to delay the age of first sexual act among female youth.
Management of plantar heel pain: a best practice guide synthesising systematic review with expert clinical reasoning and patient values
Authors: Morrissey Dylan , Cotchett Matthew , J’Bari Ahmed Said , Prior Trevor , Vicenzino Bill , Griffiths Ian , Rathleff Michael , Gulle Halime , Barton Christian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective To develop a Best Practice Guide for managing people with plantar heel pain (PwPHP)Design a mixed methods designData sources Medline, Embase, CINAHL, SportsDiscus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), trial registries, reference lists, and citation tracking. Semi-structured interviews with world experts and a patient survey.Eligibility criteria RCTs evaluating any intervention for PwPHP in any language were included subject to strict quality criteria. Trials with a sample size greater than 38 were considered for proof of efficacy. International experts were interviewed using a semi-structured approach and PwPHP surveyed online.Results Forty PwPHP completed the survey and 14 experts were interviewed resulting in 7 themes and 38 sub-themes. Fifty-one eligible trials enrolled 4351 participants, with 10 interventions suitable to determine proof of efficacy. There was good agreement between the interview data and systematic review findings about taping (SMD: -0.47, 95% CI -0.88 to -0.05) and stretching (SMD: 1.21, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.63) for first step pain in the short term, with clinical reasoning guidance to combine these interventions with education and footwear advice as a core approach. There was good agreement to stepped care with focussed shockwave for first step pain in the short term (OR: 1.72, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.61), medium term (SMD -1.31, 95% CI -2.01 to – 0.61) and long term (SMD -1.67, 95% CI -2.45 to -0.88) and radial shockwave for first step pain in the short term (OR: 1.66, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.76) and long term (OR: 1.78, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.96). Good agreement for stepped care was also revealed for custom foot orthoses for pain in the short term (SMD: -0.41, 95% CI -0.74 to – 0.07) and medium term (SMD: -0.55, 95% CI -1.02 to -0.09).ConclusionA best practice guide was formulated based on robust evidence, with application guided by expert reasoning and patients’ perspectives.Systematic review registration Prospero CRD42018102227
COVID-19 Pandemic in Bergamo outbreak: a call to war. Implementation of a “COVID-Hospital” model in ASST Bergamo-Est Trust as a disaster-response strategy.
Authors: Iaculli Edoardo , Marini Michele , Pezzoli Isabella , Spinelli Luisella , Vescovi Lorenzo , Frassini Silvia , Rubertà Francesca , Paderno Nadiane , Nave Rosalba Della , Re Elisa Da , Meneme Hamade Abdel , Bonzi Delia Beatrice , Tedeschi Alberto Mario Guglielmo Leone , Iaculli Alessandro , Nastasi Giuseppe , Mariani Pierpaolo , Albani Antonio Piazzini 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is a strikingly emerging disease caused by a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) that has rapidly spread across all continents and affecting virtually every country. From a clinical, epidemiological, political and financial perspective, COVID-19 pandemic is now recognized as one of the worst disasters in modern era. In the North of Italy, Bergamo has been the European equal to Chinese City of Wuhan in terms of epidemiological impact of COVID-19. The first case of SARS-Cov-2 infection in Bergamo has been reported in Alzano District General Hospital (DGH), part of ASST Bergamo-Est Multi Hospitals Network. ASST Bergamo-Est comprises four Hospitals serving more than 50% of Bergamo Province and with a patient catchment of 387000 inhabitants. Methods: We retrospectively analyze the challenges and actual impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the hospital capacity and performance. Accordingly, we report the specific operational procedures and clinical governance implementation related to the transformation of our Institutions into “COVID-hospitals”. Results: From 1st of March to 20th of April, 4919 consecutive patients were assessed in ASST Bergamo-Est Hospitals as “COVID-Hospital” referral centre, of these 1412 patients were admitted with diagnosis of moderate to severe COVID-19 respiratory insufficiency. Most of patients were high-risk individuals with a median age of 69 years. In-hospital mortality rate was 33.1%. Specific performance improvements under the “COVID-19 Hospital model” capacity-expansion strategy were analysed. Conclusions: This paper informs on the experience of ASST Bergamo-Est Trust and the disaster-response strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The ASST Bergamo-Est data reported corroborates the recent call for action to Governments for promoting MCI improved management with focus on COVID-19 pandemic and its possible recurrence.
Comparative therapeutic efficacy of interferon and combination Kaletra plus interferon alpha-2b against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Liu Jingyuan , Du Chunjing , Pu Lin , Xiong Haofeng , Xiang Pan , Li Chuansheng , Zhang Ming , Xie Wen , Chen Zhihai , Li Ang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) posed an enormous threat to public health. The use of antiviral drugs in patients with this disease have triggered people’s attentions. Whether interferon alfa-2b or Kaletra plus interferon alfa-2b treatment can against SARS-CoV-2 was unknown.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of 123 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients between Jan.13 2020 and Apr. 23. All patients received standard supportive care and regular clinical monitoring, patients were assigned to standard care group (n=12), interferon alfa-2b group (n=44), and combination Kaletra plus interferon alfa-2b group (n=67) according to their therapies. The primary endpoint for this study was the duration of oxygen-support requirement and virus clearance time. The associations of therapies with these outcomes were assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics were similar among 3 groups (p＞0.05). There was no significant association of Kaletra /interferon alfa-2b with faster SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance (HR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.45–1.61]; P = 0.61 in interferon alfa-2b group vs HR, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.32–1.11]; P = 0.10 in Kaletra plus interferon alfa-2b group). The duration of oxygen-support requirement in therapy groups similarly showed no significant association. There were no differences among 3 groups in the incidence of adverse events (p＞0.05).Conclusions: In patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, no benefit was observed with interferon alfa-2b and Kaletra plus interferon alfa-2b treatment beyond standard care. Further trials in appropriately randomized design may contribute to validate the effective role and safety profile of the test drugs.
Accuracy of HPV E6/E7 RNA examination using in situ hybridization in diagnosing cervical intraepithelial lesions
Authors: Chang Hui , Bai Huimin , Liu Jun , Lu Xuerong , Wang Shuzhen , Zhang Zhenyu , Jin Mulan , Wang Yue , Liu Yuzhen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The consistency of pathologists in the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CINs) is not ideal, especially between low- and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lision (LSIL and HSIL). This study was aimed to explore efficient strategies for the grading diagnosis of CINs.Methods: The medical records of patients with high risk HPV (HR-HPV) infections who had undergone cervical biopsy or conization from April 2018 to April 2019 in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital were collected and examined. HR-HPV E6/E7mRNA in tissues of patients with CINs was detected using RNAscope chromogenic in situ hybridization (RISH). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to evelute the expression of p16INK4a (P16) and Ki67.Results: HR-HPV E6/E7 mRNA signals were detected in 3/27(11.1%) CIN 1, 32/33(97.0%) CIN 2/3. Mostly staining patterns(27/32, 84.4%) showed full-thickness epithelial layer staining with weak to strong nuclear and cytoplasmic dot-like signals in CIN 2/3, there were also a few special staining patterns significant differences from others. We compared a number of indicators in LISL and HSIL differences. There were statistically significant differences in E6/E7mRNA, p16, Ki67 and cytology between the two groups (P<0.05). According to logistic regression analysis，there was only E6/E7mRNA positivity was significantly associated with CIN2/3(OR: 52.53, 95% CI, P<0.05). In the detection of CIN2/3, The sensitivity and specificity of HPV E6/E7mRNA alone were not sinificantly inferior to that its different combinations with Ki67, p16, and cytology (all P >0.05).Conclusions: RISH was efficient in grading diagnosis of CINs. HPV E6/E7mRNA expressions might reflet the phase HPV infections and its positive pattern might predict the development direction of CINs, which could provide the possibility to realize more accurate treatment for patients.
Cutting Performance of Bionic Cutting tools Based on Surface Microstructures of Blood Clams in Dry Cutting of CFRP
Authors: You Changtang , Xie Chaoping , Chu Xuyang , Zhou Wei , Zhao Guolong , Lian Yunsong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are widely used in high-tech industries like the automobile and aerospace sectors, but the wear resistance of tools is one of the most significant restrictions in machining CFRP. In this study, bionic cutting tools based on surface microstructures of blood clams were fabricated to improve the dry cutting performance of CFRP. Three types of bionic cutting tools with different size parameters were applied in dry cutting test. The three-axis cutting forces and the cutting temperature of the processed workpiece were measured. The average friction coefficient between the rake face and the chip was calculated, and the morphology of the tools wear were observed. The results showed that bionic microstructures with appropriate size parameters can extremely improve the cutting performance of CFRP for tool in turning.
Comprehensive Assessment of Plasma-Derived circ_0004771 as a Potential Biomarker in Tracking the Progression of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Xu Yanhua , Kong Shan , Qin Xinyue , Ju Shaoqing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Due to the lack of specific and sensitive detection indicators, most patients with gastric cancer (GC) are already in the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, resulting in a higher mortality. Therefore, it is urgent to search for effective diagnostic biomarkers with high specificity that can be applied in clinic. Methods: We screened out circ_0004771 through circRNA sequencing performed on three pairs of GC tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues. Both exonuclease digestion assay, agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) and sanger sequencing verified the potential of circ_0004771 being a biomarker. Additionally, we established quantitative real-time fluorescent Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) to detect the expression level of circ_0004771 and evaluated the methodology. What’s more, we collected plasma samples from GC patients, precancerous patients and gastritis patients, and we constructed the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to appraise its diagnostic efficacy. Meanwhile, we collected the clinicopathological data of the patients to analyze the relationship between the expression level of circ_0004771 and the pathological parameters of the patients. Results: The expression level of circ_0004771 is up-regulated both in GC tissues and cells compared to normal controls. Circ_0004771 can be served as a promising biomarker because of its stable cyclic structure and longer half-life. The expression level of plasma circ_0004771 can distinguish between GC patients and precancerous patients, GC patients and gastritis patients. The diagnostic efficiency of circ_0004771 is higher than that of CEA and CA199. Higher diagnostic efficiency can be achieved in combination diagnosis. The expression level of plasma circ_0004771 in GC patients decreased after surgery, which can track the recovery condition of patients. Besides, the downstream regulatory forecast indicates that circ_0004771 may act as miRNA sponge to regulate the progression of GC.Conclusion: Plasma circ_0004771 can be served as a less invasive tumor biomarker with high diagnostic values.
Knockdown of ZNF280A Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Promotes Cell Apoptosis of Bladder Cancer
Authors: He Long , Wang Xialu , Chen Peng , Du Cheng , Li Jinjiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: ZNF280A is a member of zinc finger protein family, whose role in human cancers is little known and rarely reported. This study aimed to investigate the role of ZNF280A in bladder cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to detect the expression of ZNF280A in clinical samples. ZNF280A knockdown cell models were constructed by transfection of shRNA-expressing lentivirus. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed for detecting cell proliferation, apoptosis and cycle. Wound healing and Transwell assays were operated to detect cell migration. Western blotting and Human Apoptosis Antibody Microarray were used to measure expression of related proteins. Mice xenograft model was constructed for in vivo study.Results: Our study demonstrated that ZNF280A was up-regulated in bladder cancer tissues compared with normal tissues, whose high expression was significantly correlated with advanced malignant grade. Knockdown of ZNF280A inhibited cell proliferation and cell migration, promoted cell apoptosis and G1/G2 phase arrest. The tumor growth in vivo was also proved to be inhibited by ZNF280A. Moreover, ZNF280A may promote bladder cancer through regulation of MAPK9, Cyclin D1 and PIK3CA. Conclusions: In this study, ZNF280A was shown as a potential tumor promotor and prognosis indicator for bladder cancer. Targeting ZNF280A may be a promising strategy for the development of novel bladder cancer treatment.
A Qualitative Exploration of COVID-19 through Self-reported Experiences via Digital Media
Authors: Ogunlana Michael Opeoluwa , Govender Pragashnie 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Research imperatives around COVID-19 require an embrace of its complexity by the inclusion of multi-dimensional perspectives such as lived experiences of persons diagnosed with the disease. This study documents the symptom trends and timelines of COVID-19 as self-reported by individuals in addition to the psychosocial sequelae associated with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis.Methods: This study followed an explorative qualitative design and included curated online dairies and interviews of individuals diagnosed with COVID-19. Judgemental convenient sampling was used to access 28 self-reports via digital media between 05 March and 05 April 2020. Demographic details were extracted where possible and included a diversity of cases. Data were analysed thematically using inductive reasoning.Results: Reports revealed a plethora of symptoms associated with the pulmonary system like shortness of breath and cough while another group of symptoms shows extra-pulmonary affectations. The lived experience of these individuals as analysed from their self-reports generated five emergent themes followed after analysis which included (i) the variability of the severity and presentation of the disease, (ii) the 3F (fright, fight or flight) response, (iii) moral obligation and personal agency, (iv) voicing vulnerabilities and harnessing hope, (v) silencing stigma.Conclusions: COVID-19 presents with biopsychosocial affectation on the person. A multidimensional approach is required from all concerned to mitigate its effects.
Altered Metabolism of Mothers of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Control Study
Authors: Hollowood-Jones Kathryn , Adams James B. , Coleman Devon M. , Ramamoorthy Sivapriya , Melnyk Stephan , James S. Jill , Woodruff Bryan K. , Pollard Elena L. , Snozek Christine L. , Kruger Uwe , Chuah Joshua , Hahn Juergen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous research studies have demonstrated abnormalities in the metabolism of mothers of young children with autism.Method: Metabolic analysis was performed on blood samples from 30 mothers of young children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD-M) and from 29 mothers of young typically-developing children (TD-M). Targeted metabolic analysis focusing on the folate one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) and the transsulfuration pathway (TS) as well as broad metabolic analysis were performed. Statistical analysis of the data involved both univariate and multivariate statistical methods.Results: Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in 5 metabolites from the folate one-carbon metabolism and the transsulfuration pathway and differences in an additional 48 metabolites identified by broad metabolic analysis, including lower levels of many carnitine-conjugated molecules. Multivariate analysis with leave one-out cross validation allowed classification of samples as belonging to one of the two groups with 93% sensitivity and 97% specificity with five metabolites. Furthermore, each of these five metabolites correlated with 8-15 other metabolites indicating that there are five clusters of correlated metabolites. In fact, all but 5 of the 50 metabolites with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were associated with the five identified groups. Many of the abnormalities appear linked to low levels of folate, vitamin B12, and carnitine-conjugated molecules.Conclusions: Mothers of children with ASD have many significantly different metabolite levels compared to mothers of typically developing children at 2-5 years after birth.
Rapid Synthesis and Chemical Durability of Gd2- x Nd x Zr2O7 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0) Sub-Micron Ceramics as Nuclear Waste Forms
Authors: Liu Kui , ZHANG Kuibao , DENG Ting , ZENG Jianjun , CHEN Daimeng , GUO Haiyan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this work, Nd3+ was used as a surrogate and it was incorporated into Gd2Zr2O7 nanocrystalline ceramics to simulate the immobilization of trivalent actinide elements. A series of Gd2 − xNdxZr2O7 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0) nanocrystalline powders were fabricated by solvothermal method, and then Gd2 − xNdxZr2O7 sub-microncrystalline ceramics were prepared by sintering via self-propagating chemical furnace plus quick pressing (SCF/QP). All powders are in defective fluorite structure, and Nd doping hardly change the powder grain size. After analyzing the sintered ceramics, it can be found that the transition from defective fluorite structure to pyrochlore structure occurs when x ≥ 1.5. The sample density decreases with elevated Nd content, while the grain size gradually enlarges. Besides, the normalized release rates of Nd and Zr elements in the Nd2Zr2O7 waste form are kept in low values (below 10− 5 g•m− 2•d− 1), which exhibits its excellent aqueous stability.
Patroon: Open Source Software Platform for Environmental Mass Spectrometry Based Non-target Screening
Authors: Helmus Rick , laak Thomas Ter , de Voogt Pim , Wezel Annemarie van , Schymanski Emma 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mass spectrometry based non-target analysis is increasingly adopted in environmental sciences to screen and identify numerous chemicals simultaneously in highly complex samples. However, current data processing software either lack functionality for environmental sciences, solve only part of the workflow, are not openly available and/or are restricted in input data formats. In this paper we present patRoon, a new R based open-source software platform, which provides comprehensive, fully tailoredand straightforwardnon-target analysis workflows. This platform makes the usage, evaluation and mixing of well-tested algorithms seamless by harmonizing various commonly (primarily open) software tools under a consistent interface. In addition, patRoonoffersvarious functionality and strategies tosimplify and perform automated processing of complex (environmental) data effectively.patRoon implements several effective optimization strategies to significantly reduce computational times. The ability of patRoon to perform a straightforward and effective non-target analysis was demonstrated with real-world environmental samples, showing thatpatRoonmakes comprehensive (environmental) non-target analysis readily accessible to a wider community of researchers.
Systematic Analysis of the Functions and Prognostic Values of Rna Binding Protein in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: jukun song , Liu Feng , Liu Bo , Cheng Xianlin , Yin Xinhai , Zhao Ke , Duan Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Dysregulation of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) playsan important role in controlling processes in cancer development.However, the function of RBPs has not been thoroughly and systematically documented in head and neck cancer.We aim to explore the role of RPB in the pathogenesis of HNSC.Methods: We obtained HNSC gene expression data and corresponding clinical information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the GEO databases, andidentified aberrantly expressed RBPs between tumors and normal tissues.Meanwhile, we performed a series of bioinformatics to explore the function and prognostic value of these RBPs.Results: A total of 249 abnormally expressed RBPs were identified, including 101 down-regulated RBPs and 148 up-regulated RBPs.Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and univariate Cox regression analysis, the fifteen RPBs were identified as hub genes. With the fifteen RPBS, the prognostic prediction model was constructed.Further analysis showed that the high-risk score of the patients expressed a better survival outcome. The prediction model was validated in another HNSC dataset, and similar findings were observed. Conclusions: Our results provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of HNSC. The fifteen RBP gene signature exhibited the predictive value of moderate HNSC prognosis, and have potential application value in clinical decision-making and individualized treatment.