bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observed Variability of the North Atlantic Current in the Rockall Trough From 4 Years of Mooring Measurements
Authors: Houpert L. , Cunningham S. , Fraser N. , Johnson C. , Holliday N. P. , Jones S. , Moat B. , Rayner D. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Rockall Trough is one of the main conduits for warm Atlantic Water to the Nordic Seas. Ocean heat anomalies, originating from the eastern subpolar gyre, are known to influence Arctic sea ice extent, marine ecosystems, and continental climate. Knowledge of the transport through this basin has previously been limited to estimates from hydrographic sections which cannot characterize the intra‐annual and multiannual variability. As part of the Overturning in the Subpolar North Atlantic Programme (OSNAP), a mooring array was deployed in the Rockall Trough in order to obtain the first continuous measurements of transport. Here, we define the methodology and the errors associated with estimating these transports. Results show a 4‐year mean northward transport of 6.6 Sv (1 Sv = 106 m3/s) by the North Atlantic Current (NAC) in the east and interior of the Rockall Trough (2014–2018). A mean transport of −2.0 Sv (southward) is observed in the west of the basin, which could be part of a recirculation around the Rockall Plateau. The 90‐day low‐pass‐filtered transport shows large subannual and interannual variability (−1.6 to 9.1 Sv), mostly resulting from changes in the midbasin geostrophic transport. Satellite altimetry reveals the periods of low and high transport are associated with significant changes in the Rockall Trough circulation. There is a detectable seasonal signal, with the greatest transport in spring and autumn.
Pediatric Consultation-Liaison Psychology Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Pivoting to Provide Care
Authors: Steinberg Dara M. , Schneider Nicole M. , Guler Jessy , Garcia Andrea M. , Kullgren Kristin A. , Agoston A. Monica , Mudd Emily , Carter Bryan D. , Judd-Glossy Laura 
Published: September 2020

Objective: The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a rapid shift in the health care landscape. To meet the psychological needs of children/adolescents in the medical setting, pediatric consultation-liaison (CL) psychologists have had to radically adapt their traditional forms of practice. Method: To understand this adaptation, a questionnaire was sent to members of the consultation-liaison and related special interest groups of the Society of Pediatric Psychology (American Psychological Association Division 54). Questions included: participant background; practice setting; prepandemic/peri-pandemic psychological service delivery methodology; speed/level of support for service transition; and open-ended questions on challenges and benefits of providing CL services during the pandemic. Responses to open-ended questions were coded using content analysis. Results: Between April 6 and April 20, 2020, 51 individuals (88.2% female; 86.3% psychologists; 72.5% in free-standing children’s hospitals) participated. Findings showed service methodology shifted from predominantly face-to-face prepandemic (100%) with a small group (3.2%) also providing telemedicine services to a small percentage of their patients to primarily telemedicine during the initial stage of the pandemic (82.4%). During this time some (37.37%) used only telemedicine; several (9.8%) provided only face-to-face; a few (3.9%) completely paused services; and some (47.1%) used a mix of modalities. Conclusion: Given the predominant use of telemedicine, these findings are initial evidence of the feasibility of transitioning pediatric CL psychology services to meet pandemic-specific needs. Benefits of telemedicine include continuity of care, flexibility and efficiency, and organizational benefits. There were also reported challenges that provide important areas for improvement in the continued climate of uncertainty during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as future similar public health crises. Implications for Impact Statement Pediatric consultation-liaison (CL) psychologists are effective in providing brief, focused interventions across pediatric patients and their families. Considering pediatric CL psychology services during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic, it was important to collect information on how pediatric CL psychologists provided mental health services during this the initial stage of the pandemic in the United States. Findings indicated that service delivery shifted from face-to-face to telemedicine to address the patient needs and institutional guidelines, suggesting the feasibility of transitioning pediatric CL psychology services to respond to dynamic public health crises.
Intermediate-phase-assisted low-temperature formation of γ-CsPbI3 films for high-efficiency deep-red light-emitting devices
Authors: Yi Chang , Liu Chao , Wen Kaichuan , Liu Xiao-Ke , Zhang Hao , Yu Yong , Fan Ning , Ji Fuxiang , Kuang Chaoyang , Ma Bo , Tu Cailing , Zhang Ya , Xue Chen , Li Renzhi , Gao Feng , Huang Wei , Wang Jianpu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBlack phase CsPbI3 is attractive for optoelectronic devices, while usually it has a high formation energy and requires an annealing temperature of above 300 °C. The formation energy can be significantly reduced by adding HI in the precursor. However, the resulting films are not suitable for light-emitting applications due to the high trap densities and low photoluminescence quantum efficiencies, and the low temperature formation mechanism is not well understood yet. Here, we demonstrate a general approach for deposition of γ-CsPbI3 films at 100 °C with high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies by adding organic ammonium cations, and the resulting light-emitting diode exhibits an external quantum efficiency of 10.4% with suppressed efficiency roll-off. We reveal that the low-temperature crystallization process is due to the formation of low-dimensional intermediate states, and followed by interionic exchange. This work provides perspectives to tune phase transition pathway at low temperature for CsPbI3 device applications.
Elucidation of the aberrant 3′ splice site selection by cancer-associated mutations on the U2AF1
Authors: Yoshida Hisashi , Park Sam-Yong , Sakashita Gyosuke , Nariai Yuko , Kuwasako Kanako , Muto Yutaka , Urano Takeshi , Obayashi Eiji 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe accurate exclusion of introns by RNA splicing is critical for the production of mature mRNA. U2AF1 binds specifically to the 3´ splice site, which includes an essential AG dinucleotide. Even a single amino acid mutation of U2AF1 can cause serious disease such as certain cancers or myelodysplastic syndromes. Here, we describe the first crystal structures of wild-type and pathogenic mutant U2AF1 complexed with target RNA, revealing the mechanism of 3´ splice site selection, and how aberrant splicing results from clinically important mutations. Unexpected features of this mechanism may assist the future development of new treatments against diseases caused by splicing errors.
Effect of temporary housing on incidence of diabetes mellitus in survivors of a tsunami-stricken area in 2011 Japan disaster: a serial cross-sectional RIAS study
Authors: Takahashi Shuko , Tanno Kozo , Yonekura Yuki , Shimoda Haruki , Sasaki Ryohei , Sakata Kiyomi , Ogawa Akira , Kobayashi Seiichiro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe association between incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and living conditions has not been studied after natural disasters. We compared the incidence of DM between individuals living in temporary housing (TH) and those living in other types of accommodation (non-TH) five years after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. Longitudinal follow-up was conducted from 2011 to 2015 in a cohort of 7,491 residents of coastal communities in Iwate Prefecture directly impacted by the 2011 disaster (mean age, 61.6 years; men, 36.0%). We calculated the odds ratio of new onset of DM in the TH group (n = 2,372) compared with the non-TH group (n = 5,119) using discrete-time logit models stratified by sex and age classes (64 years or younger and older than 65 years). The TH group showed a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for DM in men aged 64 years or younger (OR [95% confidence interval (CI)], 1.71 [1.03–2.85]; P-value = 0.040). In women, living conditions were not significantly associated DM. Survivors relocated to TH appeared to be at an increased risk of new onset DM.
Tryptophan-like and humic-like fluorophores are extracellular in groundwater: implications as real-time faecal indicators
Authors: Sorensen James P. R. , Carr Andrew F. , Nayebare Jacintha , Diongue Djim M. L. , Pouye Abdoulaye , Roffo Raphaëlle , Gwengweya Gloria , Ward Jade S. T. , Kanoti Japhet , Okotto-Okotto Joseph , van der Marel Laura , Ciric Lena , Faye Seynabou C. , Gaye Cheikh B. , Goodall Timothy , Kulabako Robinah , Lapworth Daniel J. , MacDonald Alan M. , Monjerezi Maurice , Olago Daniel , Owor Michael , Read Daniel S. , Taylor Richard G. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFluorescent natural organic matter at tryptophan-like (TLF) and humic-like fluorescence (HLF) peaks is associated with the presence and enumeration of faecal indicator bacteria in groundwater. We hypothesise, however, that it is predominantly extracellular material that fluoresces at these wavelengths, not bacterial cells. We quantified total (unfiltered) and extracellular (filtered at < 0.22 µm) TLF and HLF in 140 groundwater sources across a range of urban population densities in Kenya, Malawi, Senegal, and Uganda. Where changes in fluorescence occurred following filtration they were correlated with potential controlling variables. A significant reduction in TLF following filtration (ΔTLF) was observed across the entire dataset, although the majority of the signal remained and thus considered extracellular (median 96.9%). ΔTLF was only significant in more urbanised study areas where TLF was greatest. Beneath Dakar, Senegal, ΔTLF was significantly correlated to total bacterial cells (ρs 0.51). No significant change in HLF following filtration across all data indicates these fluorophores are extracellular. Our results suggest that TLF and HLF are more mobile than faecal indicator bacteria and larger pathogens in groundwater, as the predominantly extracellular fluorophores are less prone to straining. Consequently, TLF/HLF are more precautionary indicators of microbial risks than faecal indicator bacteria in groundwater-derived drinking water.
The unprecedented diversity of UGT94-family UDP-glycosyltransferases in Panax plants and their contribution to ginsenoside biosynthesis
Authors: Yang Chengshuai , Li Chaojing , Wei Wei , Wei Yongjun , Liu Qunfang , Zhao Guoping , Yue Jianmin , Yan Xing , Wang Pingping , Zhou Zhihua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMore than 150 ginsenosides have been isolated and identified from Panax plants. Ginsenosides with different glycosylation degrees have demonstrated different chemical properties and bioactivity. In this study, we systematically cloned and characterized 46 UGT94 family UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGT94s) from a mixed Panax ginseng/callus cDNA sample with high amino acid identity. These UGT94s were found to catalyze sugar chain elongation at C3-O-Glc and/or C20-O-Glc of protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type, C20-O-Glc or C6-O-Glc of protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type or both C3-O-Glc of PPD-type and C6-O-Glc of PPT-type or C20-O-Glc of PPD-type and PPT-type ginsenosides with different efficiencies. We also cloned 26 and 51 UGT94s from individual P. ginseng and P. notoginseng plants, respectively; our characterization results suggest that there is a group of UGT94s with high amino acid identity but diverse functions or catalyzing activities even within individual plants. These UGT94s were classified into three clades of the phylogenetic tree and consistent with their catalytic function. Based on these UGT94s, we elucidated the biosynthetic pathway of a group of ginsenosides. Our present results reveal a series of UGTs involved in second sugar chain elongation of saponins in Panax plants, and provide a scientific basis for understanding the diverse evolution mechanisms of UGT94s among plants.
Age-related differences in gait adaptations during overground walking with and without visual perturbations using a virtual reality headset
Authors: Osaba Muyinat Y. , Martelli Dario , Prado Antonio , Agrawal Sunil K. , Lalwani Anil K. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOlder adults have difficulty adapting to new visual information, posing a challenge to maintain balance during walking. Virtual reality can be used to study gait adaptability in response to discordant sensorimotor stimulations. This study aimed to investigate age-related modifications and propensity for visuomotor adaptations due to continuous visual perturbations during overground walking in a virtual reality headset. Twenty old and twelve young subjects walked on an instrumented walkway in real and virtual environments while reacting to antero-posterior and medio-lateral oscillations of the visual field. Mean and variability of spatiotemporal gait parameters were calculated during the first and fifth minutes of walking. A 3-way mixed-design ANOVA was performed to determine the main and interaction effects of group, condition and time. Both groups modified gait similarly, but older adults walked with shorter and slower strides and did not reduce stride velocity or increase stride width variability during medio-lateral perturbations. This may be related to a more conservative and anticipatory strategy as well as a reduced perception of the optic flow. Over time, participants adapted similarly to the perturbations but only younger participants reduced their stride velocity variability. Results provide novel evidence of age- and context-dependent visuomotor adaptations in response to visual perturbations during overground walking and may help to establish new methods for early identification and remediation of gait deficits.
A multi-scale eco-evolutionary model of cooperation reveals how microbial adaptation influences soil decomposition
Authors: Abs Elsa , Leman Hélène , Ferrière Régis 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) is a critical process in global terrestrial ecosystems. SOM decomposition is driven by micro-organisms that cooperate by secreting costly extracellular (exo-)enzymes. This raises a fundamental puzzle: the stability of microbial decomposition in spite of its evolutionary vulnerability to “cheaters”—mutant strains that reap the benefits of cooperation while paying a lower cost. Resolving this puzzle requires a multi-scale eco-evolutionary model that captures the spatio-temporal dynamics of molecule-molecule, molecule-cell, and cell-cell interactions. The analysis of such a model reveals local extinctions, microbial dispersal, and limited soil diffusivity as key factors of the evolutionary stability of microbial decomposition. At the scale of whole-ecosystem function, soil diffusivity influences the evolution of exo-enzyme production, which feeds back to the average SOM decomposition rate and stock. Microbial adaptive evolution may thus be an important factor in the response of soil carbon fluxes to global environmental change.
Disassociated rhamphotheca of fossil bird Confuciusornis informs early beak reconstruction, stress regime, and developmental patterns
Authors: Miller Case Vincent , Pittman Michael , Kaye Thomas G. , Wang Xiaoli , Bright Jen A. , Zheng Xiaoting 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSoft tissue preservation in fossil birds provides a rare window into their anatomy, function, and development. Here, we present an exceptionally-preserved specimen of Confuciusornis which, through Laser-Stimulated Fluorescence imaging, is identified as preserving a disassociated rhamphotheca. Reconstruction of the in vivo position of the rhamphotheca validates the association of the rhamphotheca with two previous confuciusornithid specimens while calling that of a third specimen into question. The ease of dissociation is discussed and proposed with a fourth specimen alongside finite element analysis as evidence for preferential soft-food feeding. However, this proposition remains tentative until there is a better understanding of the functional role of beak attachment in living birds. Differences in post-rostral extent and possibly rhamphotheca curvature between confuciusornithids and modern birds hint at developmental differences between the two. Together, this information provides a wealth of new information regarding the nature of the beak outside crown Aves.
Misophonia: An Evidence-Based Case Report
Authors: Vanaja C. S. , Abigail Miriam Soni 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Misophonia is a sound tolerance disorder condition in certain sounds that trigger intense emotional or physiological responses. While some persons may experience misophonia, a few patients suffer from misophonia. However, there is a dearth of literature on audiological assessment and management of persons with misophonia. The purpose of this report is to discuss the assessment of misophonia and highlight the management option that helped a patient with misophonia.

Method
A case study of a 26-year-old woman with the complaint of decreased tolerance to specific sounds affecting quality of life is reported. Audiological assessment differentiated misophonia from hyperacusis. Management included retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy based on the principles described by P. J. Jastreboff and Jastreboff (2014). A misophonia questionnaire was administered at regular intervals to monitor the effectiveness of therapy.

Results
A detailed case history and audiological evaluations including pure-tone audiogram and Johnson Hyperacusis Index revealed the presence of misophonia. The patient benefitted from intervention, and the scores of the misophonia questionnaire indicated a decrease in the severity of the problem.

Conclusions
It is important to differentially diagnose misophonia and hyperacusis in persons with sound tolerance disorders. Retraining counseling as well as desensitization and habituation therapy can help patients who suffer from misophonia.
Speech-Language Pathologists' Practices for Addressing Cognitive Deficits in College Students With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Ackley Kristen , Brown Jessica 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for a large percentage of death and disability in the United States. Survivors of TBI and their families often face impaired cognition (e.g., memory or attention). Currently, evidence supports the use of individualized cognitive therapy for individuals who experience TBI. Therefore, we conducted a modified narrative literature review of speech-language pathologists' practices relative to college students with TBI.

Method
We conducted a search across three platforms. Nine hundred sixty-three articles were reviewed by title. From this, 178 articles were selected to be reviewed by abstract and 36 articles were read in full. Of these, 13 articles were included in the review. Articles were selected for inclusion or exclusion based on specific criteria related to population and diagnosis.

Results
Overall, little evidence exists to guide clinicians regarding specific assessment and treatment practices for college students postinjury. The findings of this review article span four major areas: (a) general service delivery efforts, (b) education, (c) assessment, and (d) treatment.

Conclusion
Results of the literature search indicate that evidence is lacking to support specific practices for use by speech-language pathologists with this population and highlight future research needs to inform clinical practice.
Verbal Contingencies in the Lidcombe Program: A Noninferiority Trial
Authors: Donaghy Michelle , O'Brian Sue , Onslow Mark , Lowe Robyn , Jones Mark , Menzies Ross G. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The Lidcombe Program is an efficacious and effective intervention for early stuttering. The treatment is based on parent verbal response contingent stimulation procedures, which are assumed to be responsible for treatment effect. The present trial tested this assumption.

Method
The design was a parallel, open plan, noninferiority randomized controlled trial. In the experimental arm, the five Lidcombe Program verbal contingencies were removed from parent instruction. The primary outcome was beyond-clinic percentage syllables stuttered at 18-month follow-up. Seventy-four children and their parents were randomized to one of the two treatment arms.

Results
Findings of noninferiority were inconclusive for the primary outcome of stuttering severity, based on a margin of 1.0 percentage syllables stuttered.

Conclusions
The inconclusive finding of noninferiority means it is possible that verbal contingencies make some contribution to the Lidcombe Program treatment effect. However, considering all primary and secondary outcomes, an overriding impression from the trial is a similarity of outcomes between the control and experimental arms. The clinical applications of the trial are discussed, along with further research that is needed.
A Meta-Analysis of the Association Between the Voice Handicap Index and Objective Voice Analysis
Authors: Zhao Elise E. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Salvador Craig D. , O'Rourke Ashli K. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
Dysphonia can be evaluated by both patient-reported quality of life instruments and objective acoustic and aerodynamic analyses. However, less is known about the association between the two metrics. The goal of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the correlation of the Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30) with the following objective parameters: fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, harmonics to noise ratio, noise to harmonic ratio, maximum phonation time, and the Dysphonia Severity Index.

Method
A literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases. Inclusion criteria were subjects age 18 years and older with voice complaints and assessed by both VHI-30 and objective voice analysis.

Results
A literature search resulted in 1,297 unique articles, of which 310 underwent full-text review and 17 studies were included in quantitative analysis. Significant pooled correlation was observed for VHI-30 total with jitter (.301 [.177; .416]), shimmer (.255 [.162; .344]), noise to harmonic ratio (.200 [.111; .285]), maximum phonation time (−.227 [−.352; −.094]), and Dysphonia Severity Index (−.254[−.455; −.0286]). Significant correlations were observed in 4/7 objective parameters with the Physical subscale, 3/7 with the Functional subscale, and 2/7 with the Emotional subscale. All significant correlations were negligible (0–.3) or low (.3–.5).

Conclusions
Results from meta-analysis showed that correlations between objective voice parameters and the VHI-30 were negligible or low. Further study is needed to determine if correlations vary by patient demographics or specific pathology.