bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the effects of different mesenchymal stem cells on attenuating phosgene-induced lung injury in rats
Authors: Qu Yubei , Zhang Lin , He Daikun , Xu Ning , Tang Yuedong , Ding Jianwen , Shen Jie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Phosgene-induced lung injury is an important type of acute lung injury (ALI), which mainly leads to acute pulmonary edema. Currently, no effective clinical treatment has been developed yet. In the present study, the effects of lung-resident mesenchymal stem cells (LRMSCs), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and human chorionic villi-derived MSCs (hCMSCs) were compared in phosgene-induced lung injury of male SD rats.
Methods

The changes in body weight, PaO2 and respiratory indexes were recorded. Rats were sacrificed at 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h. Expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, HGF and IL-10 were tested by ELISA. SP-C mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR. The MSCs migration was assessed using Transwell migration assay and Wound-healing assay. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) was added to the MSCs culture medium for 48 h. Expressions of p-GSK-3β and β-catenin were determined by Western blot.
Results

Significant improvements in body weight, PaO2 and respiratory indexes were observed after treatment with MSCs. BMSCs produced the highest effects followed by hCMSCs and LRMSCs. Compared with the phosgene group, MSCs decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and increased the levels of IL-10, HGF and SP-C. Different MSCs displayed no significant differences in proliferation. However, BMSCs showed the strongest migration ability. HGF increased the expressions of p-GSK-3β and β-catenin in MSCs. All MSCs exerted protective effects on phosgene-induced lung injury by reducing inflammation, immune regulation and restoring cell function.
Conclusions

BMSCs showed the best protective effects followed by hCMSCs and LRMSCs. HGF enhances the role of MSCs by activating the p-GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Ultrasound Mediated Microbubbles Destruction Assists Dual Delivery of Beta-amyloid Antibody and NSCs to Restore Neural Function in Transgenic Mice of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Zhu qiong , Cui hai , Liao yiyi , Guan xue , He ying , Rong yani , Zhang yi , Li chun , Liu zheng , xu yali 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background : To explore the feasibility, efficacy and safety of ultrasound mediated microbubbles destruction（UMMD） assisted dual delivery of β-amyloid antibody loaded by microbubbles (MB Aβ ) and neural stem cells (NSCs) on Alzheimer’s disease（AD）. Methods : 27 APP/PS1 double transgenic mice and 33 wild-type mice were used. The dual delivery of β-amyloid antibody and NSCs group (US+MB Aβ +NSCs), single delivery of β-amyloid antibody group (US+MB Aβ ), US+MB group, Control group and Wild group, were involved in the experiment. MB Aβ or MB were injected via the tail vein, followed by NSCs or saline administration and exposed to ultrasound once a week for four times. The survival of NSCs was detected with the in vivo imaging method. Mice in each group were used for behavioral function evaluation and the pathology tests. Brain samples were used to detect β-amyloid deposition, BDNF and synaptophysin expression. Results : BBB was opened by UMMD with an opening time about 10 h. The transplanted NSCs survived in AD brain for no more than 72 h. The learning and spatial memory function was significantly improved in the US+MB Aβ +NSCs group, US+MB Aβ group came second. Immunochemistry results showed amyloid plaques reduction in the US+MB Aβ +NSCs group at the cortex and hippocampus. Higher level of BDNF was demonstrated in the US+MB Aβ +NSCs group than the US+MB Aβ group and the Control group with Western Blot and immunofluorescence examination, but synaptophysin remained no significant changes. Conclusions : UMMD assisted combined delivery of β-amyloid antibody and NSCs to AD mice brain can help to clear the Aβ peptide, increase BDNF level and restore the impaired neural function, which was superior to β-amyloid antibody delivery group. Therefore, the combined targeted delivery assisted by UMMD strategy may be a promising and safe method on treating AD.
Clinical and Microbiological Prognostic Factors of In-Hospital Mortality Caused by Hypervirulent Klebsiella Pneumoniae Infections: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Hospital of Southwestern China
Authors: Tang Yu , Liu Hang , Zhao Jinxin , Zou Jiaqi , Chen Yingzhu , Zhang Dawei , Yi Miao , Yuan Yaling , Xia Yun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Hypervirulent klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) is responsible for various invasive diseases and is associated with high mortality. However, the clinical and microbiological factors of hvKP infection to affect prognosis are not well studied. The purpose of this study is to evaluate prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality of hvKP infection, mainly focusing on clinical and microbiological characteristics. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in southwestern China from February 2018 to June 2019 and strains positive for aerobactin and string test were defined as hvKP. According to the clinical outcomes during hospitalization, hvKP infected patients were divided into non-survivor group and survivor group. The clinical characteristics, capsule serotypes, multi-locus sequence types, virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 135 patients were classified as hvKP infection, with a prevalence rate of 22% and an in-hospital mortality rate of 11.9%. Univariate analysis exhibited that admission to intensive care unit (ICU)(p=0.008) and antimicrobial resistance of hvKP such as ampicillin/sulbactam(p=0.028), cefepime(p=0.033), aztreonam(p=0.049) and harboring iroN gene(p=0.023) were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. On the contrary, the rmpA gene showed an inverse association with in-hospital mortality(p=0.017). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that admission to ICU (odds ratio [OR]=3.452, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.052-11.329; P=0.041) and presence of iroN (OR=9.278, 95% CI=1.654-52.035; P=0.011) was considered to be the independent prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality of hvKP infection. Conclusion Emerging hvKP infection may lead to relatively high in-hospital mortality. Therefore, early surveillance and better management are necessary for patients admitted to ICU and infected with hvKP harboring iroN gene.
Ratio of Baseline Monocyte Counts to Apolipoprotein A1 is Associated with Long-Term Mortality in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Chen Zhuang , Zhang Jian , Wu Ting-Ting , Hou Xian-Geng , Yang Yi , Ma Xiang , Ma Yi-Tong , Zheng Ying-Ying , Xie Xiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The relationship between the ratio of monocytes to apolipoprotein A1 (MAR) and the long-term prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after PCI has not been investigated. Methods: A total of 5678 patients with CAD after PCI were recruited for the present study from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the MAR tertiles: lower group (MAR<0.34, n=1881), medium group (0.34≤MAR<0.50, n=1859), and higher group (MAR≥0.50, n=1938). The primary endpoint was long-term mortality, including all-cause death (ACM) and cardiac death (CM). The mean follow-up time was 35.9 ± 22.6 months. Results: There were 78 (4.1%) deaths in the lower group, 90 (4.8%) deaths in the medium group, and 125 (6.4%) deaths in the higher group. The difference was significant (P=0.004). We also found significant differences among these three groups in the incidence of CM (P=0.012), MACE (P=0.008), and MACCE (P=0.012). Using 0.535 as an optimal cutoff value, we found that patients with MARs ≥0.535 had 40.5% and 39.9% increased risks of ACM and CM, respectively, compared to patients with an MAR<0.535. The differences remained significant after adjustment for confounders (ACM, HR=1.447, 95%CI: 1.139-1.838, P=0.003; CM, HR=1.424, 95%CI: 1.089-1.862, P=0.010). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the baseline MAR was an independent predictor of long-term mortality in CAD patients who underwent PCI.
Systemic Inflammation and Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Meijia , Huang Zhenli , Tang Kun , Gao Pengfei , Lu Yanjiao , Wang Shanshan , Wang Tao , Xie Jungang , Zhao Jianping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background：COVID-19 causes epidemics and pandemics worldwide, but the role of pathophysiological parameters particularly systemic inflammation in COVID-19 has not been understood. We aimed to investigate clinical outcomes in view of systemic inflammation in COVID-19.Methods：In this retrospective study, the demographic and clinical data of 225 confirmed COVID-19 cases on admission at Tongji Hospital from January 28 to February 15, 2020, were extracted and analyzed. These patients were categorized by inflammation state on the basis of the expression of inflammatory factors or classified as severe and non-severe according to 2019 American Thoracic Society / Infectious Disease Society of America guidelines.Results: Among 225 patients with confirmed COVID-19, 155 patients (68.9%) categorized into hyperinflammation group and 70 (31.1%) were non- hyperinflammation group. Compared to non-hyperinflammation group, hyperinflammation group more frequently had chest tightness/dyspnea and lymphopenia, aberrant multiple indexes of organ function including the heart, liver, kidney, and coagulation, with higher level of C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as well as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), etc. Hyperinflammation group were more likely to admit to intensive care unit (ICU) (52.3% vs 5.7%), receive ventilation (84.5% vs 10.0%) and be with higher mortality (44.5% vs 5.7%) than non-hyperinflammation group. The mortality of severe patients with hyperinflammation (60/99, 60.6%) was significantly higher than without hyperinflammation (2/20, 10.0%). Non-severe patients with hyperinflammation even tended to have higher mortality (9/56, 16.1%) than those in severe cases without hyperinflammation (2/20, 10%).Conclusion: Excessive systemic inflammation was correlated highly with poor clinical outcomes in COVID-19, particularly in severe cases. Non-severe patients with hyperinflammation even tended to have higher mortality than those in severe cases without hyperinflammation.Trial registration: This is a retrospective observational study without a trial registration number.
Prognostic Values of Stabilin-2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Du Zhicheng , Zhu Pengfei , Yu Long , Chen Kunlun , Ye Janwen , Zhai Wenlong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the primary malignancy of the liver. However, biomarkers for early HCC diagnosis are not available. Stabilin (STAB) proteins are scavenger receptors involved in apoptosis and clearance of hyaluronic acid .The role of STAB in HCC has not been previously explored; therefore, the aim of this study was to assess whether STAB gene expression can be used as a novel HCC biomarker.Materials and Methods: Data on 370 HCC patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas database and 221 patients in the Gene Expression Comprehensive Database were retrieved and analyzed. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression model were used to calculate median survival time using hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The Gene Expression Omnibus dataset showed that high Stabilin-2（STAB2） expression implies longer overall survival (HR after correction = 0.541; 95% CI, 0.339–0.865; p = 0.0182, after correction p = 0.010) and longer recurrence-free survival time (adjusted HR = 0.554; 95% CI, 0.376-0.816; p = 0.0085, adjusted p = 0.003). Conclusions: STAB2 is a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC.
Impact of Pre-Existing Cardiovascular Disease on Treatment Patterns and Survival Outcomes in Patients With Lung Cancer
Authors: Batra Atul , Sheka Dropen , Kong Shiying , Cheung Winson Y 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Baseline cardiovascular disease can impact the patterns of treatment and hence the outcomes of patients with lung cancer. This study aimed to characterize treatment trends and survival outcomes of patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease prior to their diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods: We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study of patients with lung cancer diagnosed from 2004 to 2015in a large Canadian province. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox regression models were constructed to determine the associations between cardiovascular disease and treatment patterns, and its impact on overall and cancer-specific survival, respectively.Results: A total of 20,689 patients with lung cancer were eligible for the current analysis. Men comprised 55%, and the median age at diagnosis was 70 years. One-third had at least one cardiovascular disease, with the most common being congestive heart failure in 15% of patients. Pre-existing cardiovascular disease was associated with a lower likelihood of receiving chemotherapy (odds ratio [OR],0.53;95% confidence interval [CI],0.48-0.58;P < .0001), radiotherapy (OR,0.76;95% CI,0.7-0.82;P < .0001), and surgery (OR, 056; 95% CI,0.44-0.7;P < .0001). Adjusting for measured confounders, the presence of pre-existing cardiovascular disease predicted for inferior OS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.1; 95% CI, 1.1-1.2; P < .0001) and CSS (HR,1.1; 95% CI, 1.1-1.1; P < .0001). Conclusions: Patients with lung cancer and pre-existing cardiovascular disease are less likely to receive any modality of cancer treatment and have poor OS and CSS. As effective therapies such as immuno-oncology drugs are introduced, early cardio-oncology consultation may optimize management and outcomes of lung cancer.
High GP73 Expression Correlates With Poor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Survival in Gastric Cancer: A Tissue Microarray Study
Authors: Shen Jian Guo , Shen Jun , Teng Rong Yue , Wang Lin Bo , zhao Wen He , Wang Qin Chuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Clinical and CT manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): comparison of suspected cases of COVID-19 in isolation and non-COVID-19 pneumonia in a single-center study conducted in Beijing, China
Authors: Liu Heng , Li Weihua , Zhang Lei , Liu Bing , Qi Chaoying , Fan Wei , Feng Pei , Pan Jingjing , Man Fengyuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The clinical and CT manifestations of COVID-19 pneumonia and non-COVID-19 pneumonia in the same period have not been compared in detail. The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical and CT manifestations of COVID-19 pneumonia and perform a comparison of those isolated patients for presumed COVID-19 infection and of non-COVID-19 pneumonia in the same period.Methods: 173 patients with pneumonia from January 1, 2020 to March 20, 2020 were retrospectively enrolled and classified into three groups: patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (Group I, N=4), patients in hospital-isolation for presumed COVID-19 pneumonia (Group Ⅱ, N=5), and patients with non-COVID-19 pneumonia (Group III, N=163). Clinical symptoms, laboratory test results and CT imaging features were compared among three groups.Results: Fever and cough were the most common clinical symptoms in the three groups. 30/163 (18.4%) patients were asymptomatic in Group III. Leukopenia, lymphocytopenia, and elevated C-reactive protein was identified in 1 (25%), 1 (25%), and 1 (25%) patient in Group I; 1 (20%), 1 (20%), and 2 (40%) patients in Group II; 10/157 (6.4%), 33/157(21.0%), and 94/136 (69.1%) patients in Group III. Demarcated GGO/mixed GGO, ill-defined GGO/mixed GGO, consolidation, centrilobular nodule, tree-in bud opacity, bilateral involvement, peripheral distribution, posterior part/lower lobe predilection was observed in 3/4 (75%), 2/4 (50%), 4/4 (100%), 2/4 (50%), 0, 3/4 (75%), 3/4 (75%), and 2/4 (50%) patients, respectively in Group I; 1/5 (20%), 5/5 (100%), 4/5 (80%), 4/5 (80%), 3/5 (60%), 4/5 (80%), 2/5 (40%), and 3/5 (60%) patients in Group Ⅱ; 1/163 (0.6%), 87/163 (54.3%), 115/163 (70.6%), 117/163 (71.8%), 95/163 (58.3%), 52/163 (31.9%), 9/163 (5.5%), and 9/163 (5.5%) patients in Group III, respectively.Conclusions: Demarcated GGO and consolidation prefer the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia, whereas ill-defined GGO and consolidation, centrilobular nodule surrounded by GGO, and tree-in-bud opacity are preferred for non-COVID-19 pneumonia. chest CT has potential in early identification of COVID-19 and implementation of isolation for appropriate case.
Design, Development and Implementation of Automatic Transplanting based on Embedded System for use in Seedling Transplanters
Authors: Khadatkar Abhijit , Mathur S M , Dubey K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Hand transplanting of vegetable seedlings is always been a time consuming and labourious activity which often leads to muscular fatigue. Use of hitech instrumentation increased to achieve precision and automation in agricultural operations. At present the transplanting is done manually which accounts for large amount of hand labour and time. To ensure precision and timeliness in operation, an automatic transplanting based on embedded system for use in seedling transplanters was developed. The developed system consists of feed roller, pro-tray belt, a pair of L-shaped rotating fingers, embedded system, DC and stepper motor. The pro-tray on the belt moves by DC motor whereas, the stepper motor was used to actuate the metering shaft to and from. The ground wheel used to rotate the rotating fingers which eject the seedling from the pro-tray into the delivery box. The performances of the developed system was tested rigorously at four different operating speeds (vf) (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 km/h) and three angles of pro-tray feed roller (00, 300, 450) for attaining optimum plant to plant spacing in soil bin. The result indicated that percent transplanting and plant to plant spacing was found optimum when speed of operation was 2.0 km/h and angle of pro-tray feed roller was 300. The average plant spacing, transplanting efficiency, furrow closer, angle of inclination and miss planting was 600 mm, 91.7%, 90.3%, 18.30 and 2.1%, respectively. The developed system ensures the precision by sigulating the placement of seedlings at optimum spacing. It also enabled the optimum transplanting rate, the ability to transplant at higher speeds and maintaining proper plant to plant spacing.
Preventive Maintenance Strategy for Train Doors Based on the Competitive Weibull Theory
Authors: he deqiang , Zhang Xiaozhen , Chen Yanjun , Miao Jian , Li Congbo , Yao Xiaoyang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In view of the problems of over-maintenance and under-maintenance in the current urban rail transit maintenance strategy and the reliability of single processing of fault data, which is often inconsistent with the actual situation, an incomplete preventive maintenance strategy based on the competitive Weibull model is proposed in this paper. To make the fault mechanism processing method for urban rail vehicles more accurate, fault feature attributes and fault information sequences are introduced to classify fault data. Fuzzy cluster analysis of vehicle fault data can be performed using the formula of the competitive Weibull model, and parameter estimation of the reliability model can be performed by combining it with the graph parameter estimation method. In addition, the fault rate increase factor and service age reduction factor are introduced into the maintenance strategy, and the optimal preventive maintenance cycle and maintenance times are obtained by combining maintenance and replacement according to reliability. A quantum-genetic intelligent algorithm is used to optimize the model-solving process. Finally, the maintenance of urban rail transit train doors is taken as an example. The results of this study show that compared with the traditional maintenance strategy, the reliability of the proposed maintenance strategy is closer to the actual situation. At the same time, the proposed maintenance strategy can effectively reduce the number of parked vehicles, reduce maintenance costs, and ensure the safety of train operation, maintenance economy and performance of tasks.
Exploring structurally diverse plant secondary metabolites as a potential source of drug targeting different molecular mechanisms of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pathogenesis: An in silico approach
Authors: P. Hariprasad. , Gowtham H. G. , Monu D. O. , Ajay Y. , Gourav C. , Vasantharaja R. , Bhani K. , Koushalya S. , Shazia S. , Priyanka G. , A. Faiz. , Leena C. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Plants are endowed with a large pool of structurally diverse small molecules known as secondary metabolites. Present study aims to virtually screen these plant secondary metabolites (PMS) for their possible anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties targeting four protein/enzymes which determines viral pathogenesis. Results of molecular docking and data analysis revealed a unique pattern of structurally similar PSM interacting with the target protein. Among the top-ranked PSM with lower binding energy, >50% were triterpenoids against viral spike protein, >32% were flavonoids and their glycoside against Human transmembrane serine protease, >16% were flavonol glycosides and >16% were Anthocyanidine against viral main protease and >13% were flavonol glycoside against viral RNA dependet RNA polymerase. The primary concern about these PSM is their bioavailability. However, several PSM recorded higher bioavailability score and found fulfilling drug-likeness characters as per Lipinski's rule. Natural occurrence, biotransformation, bioavailability of selected PSM and their interaction with the target site of selected proteins were discussed in detail. Further, we hypothesized the use of selected PSM to cure the COVID-19 by inhibiting the process of viral host cell recognition and replication in host cell. However, these PSM needs thorough in vitro and in vivo evaluation before taking them to clinical trials.
Designing a therapeutic SARS-CoV-2 T-cell-inducing vaccine for high-risk patient groups
Authors: Rammensee Hans-Georg , Stevanović Stefan , Gouttefangeas Cécile , Heidu Sonja , Klein Reinhild , Preuß Beate , Walz Juliane Sarah , Nelde Annika , Haen Sebastian P. , Reth Michael , Yang Jianying , Tabatabai Ghazaleh , Bösmüller Hans , Hoffmann Helen , Schindler Michael , Planz Oliver , Wiesmüller Karl-Heinz , Löffler Markus W. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Here, we describe the preliminary results of an experimental vaccination of a self-experimenting healthy volunteer with eight SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides: five predicted to bind to HLA class I molecules (CD8 peptides) and three predicted to bind to HLA-DR molecules (CD4 peptides). The vaccine formulation also included one long and one short CMV-pp65-derived peptide that had previously been administered to the same individual and could thus act as positive controls. It further contained the new adjuvant XS15 and was administered as an emulsion in Montanide as a single subcutaneous (s.c.) injection. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from blood drawn on day 36 before vaccination and day 19 after vaccination were assessed using an ex vivo Interferon-γ ELISpot assay. We detected strong vaccine-induced T-cell responses against all four CD4 peptides and against the recall CMV CD8 epitope, but found no immune responses against the five predicted SARS-CoV-2 CD8 peptides. Antibody reactivity against all the SARS-CoV-2 CD4 peptides, as detected using ELISA, was negative or marginal. We interpret these results in terms of the prospects of a therapeutic vaccine to be applied in symptomatic COVID-19 patients. An advantage of this approach is the possibility to assess efficacy or failure within a short time after vaccination.