bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and reoperative survival rate of failed narrow‐diameter implants in the maxillary anterior region
Authors: Yang Guangwen , Chen Li , Gao Ying , Liu Hui , Dong Heng , Mou Yongbin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundNarrow‐diameter implants (NDIs) have been proposed to address the dilemma of implant installation in cases of insufficient bone volume. However, the potential risk factors of failed NDIs, and whether reimplants with reliable efficacy are still controversial.PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the survival/success rate of NDIs in the maxillary anterior region and that of reimplants at the same site, as well as to explore the potential risk factors of original and replaced implants.Materials and MethodsFrom January 2015 to April 2019, patients receiving NDIs in the anterior maxilla were enrolled in the present study. Multiple variables were assessed to exploit the risk factor of failed NDIs, including age, sex, implant sites, length, surface characteristics, and healing abutment designs. The relationship between bone augmentation and the number of missing teeth was assessed. For failed NDIs, the reasons for NDIs removal and marginal bone loss (MBL) were analyzed. The details and outcomes of reimplants were evaluated.ResultsCumulative survival rates (CSRs) and success rates of 1095 NDIs installed in 835 patients were 96.99% and 96.51%, respectively. In total, 33 of these NDIs failed. TiUnite (TU) surface was a risk factor and it affected the success rate (92.56%) and CSR (92.4%) of NDIs (P < .001). The single NDIs with bone augmentation have lower failure rate. The average MBL for 33 failed NDIs was 1.92 ± 1.91 mm. Additionally, 22 patients with 23 NDIs accepted reimplantation of previously failed NDIs, and the success rate of reimplants was 95.65%.ConclusionsSurface characteristic (TU surface) was a risk factor for failure of NDIs in the maxillary anterior region. Bone augmentation simultaneously performed during NDIs implantation was favorable for a single missing tooth. As an alternative plan, the reimplantation of failed NDIs was reliable and stable after successful bone reconstruction.
Therapeutic potentials and modulatory mechanisms of fatty acids in bone
Authors: Bao Minyue , Zhang Kaiwen , Wei Yangyini , Hua Weihan , Gao Yanzi , Li Xin , Ye Ling 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBone metabolism is a lifelong process that includes bone formation and resorption. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are the predominant cell types associated with bone metabolism, which is facilitated by other cells such as bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs), osteocytes and chondrocytes. As an important component in our daily diet, fatty acids are mainly categorized as long‐chain fatty acids including polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFAs), saturated fatty acids (LCSFAs), medium‐/short‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs/SCFAs) as well as their metabolites. Fatty acids are closely associated with bone metabolism and associated bone disorders. In this review, we summarized the important roles and potential therapeutic implications of fatty acids in multiple bone disorders, reviewed the diverse range of critical effects displayed by fatty acids on bone metabolism, and elucidated their modulatory roles and mechanisms on specific bone cell types. The evidence supporting close implications of fatty acids in bone metabolism and disorders suggests fatty acids as potential therapeutic and nutritional agents for the treatment and prevention of metabolic bone diseases.
Preference of neuromuscular patients regarding equipment for daytime mouthpiece ventilation: A randomized crossover study
Authors: Toussaint Michel , Chatwin Michelle , Verhulst Stijn , Reychler Gregory 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundPatients with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs) are likely to develop respiratory failure which requires noninvasive ventilation (NIV). Ventilation via a mouthpiece (MPV) is an option to offer daytime NIV.ObjectivesTo determine the preferred equipment for MPV by patients with NMDs.MethodsTwo MPV equipment sets were compared in 20 patients with NMDs. Set 1, consisted of a non‐dedicated ventilator for MPV (PB560, Covidien) with a plastic angled mouthpiece. Set 2, consisted of a dedicated MPV ventilator (Trilogy 100, Philips Respironics) without backup rate and kiss trigger combined with a silicone straw mouthpiece. The Borg dyspnea score, ventilator free time, transcutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) and carbon dioxide tension (TcCO2) were recorded with and without MPV. Patient perception was assessed by a 17‐items list.ResultsCarbon dioxide tension measurements and total perception score were not different between the two MPV sets. Dyspnea score was lower with the non‐dedicated versus dedicated equipment, 1 (0.5) versus 3 (1‐6), P < 0.01. All patients with a ventilator free time lower than 6 hours preferred a set backup rate rather than a kiss trigger. Sixty five percent of patients preferred the commercial arm support and 55% preferred the plastic angled mouthpiece.ConclusionsDedicated and non‐dedicated MPV equipment are deemed effective and comfortable. Individualization of arm support and mouthpiece is advised to ensure success of MPV. A ventilator free time lower than 6 hours seems to be a useful indicator to a priori set a backup rate rather than a rate at zero associated to the kiss trigger.
Assessing the impact of diabetes on quality of life: what have the past 25 years taught us?
Authors: Speight J. , Holmes‐Truscott E. , Hendrieckx C. , Skovlund S. , Cooke D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOver the past 25 years, there has been significant acknowledgement of the importance of assessing the impact of diabetes on quality of life. Yet, despite the development of several diabetes‐specific quality of life measures, the challenges we faced in 1995 remain. There is little consensus on the definition of quality of life because of the complexity and subjectivity of the concept. General quality of life comprises several domains of life, and these are highly individualized. Assessing the impact of diabetes on these life domains adds to the complexity. While comprehensive diabetes‐specific quality‐of‐life measures typically increase respondent burden, brief questionnaires may not capture all relevant/important domains. Today, the lack of resolution of these challenges may explain why the impact of diabetes on quality of life is not systematically assessed in research or clinical care. Few researchers report detailed rationales for assessment, there is often a mismatch between the concept of interest and the measure selected, and data are misinterpreted as assessing the impact of diabetes on quality of life when, in reality, related but distinct constructs have been assessed, such as diabetes distress, treatment satisfaction or health status. While significant efforts are being made to increase routine monitoring of psychological well‐being and understand the lived experience, no guidelines currently recommend routine clinical assessment of diabetes‐specific quality of life, and there is no consensus on which questionnaire(s) to use. The gaps identified in this review need urgent attention, starting with recognition that assessment of diabetes‐specific quality of life is as important as biomedical markers, if we are to improve the lives of people with diabetes.
25 Years of psychological research investigating disordered eating in people with diabetes: what have we learnt?
Authors: Broadley M. M. , Zaremba N. , Andrew B. , Ismail K. , Treasure J. , White M. J. , Stadler M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDisordered eating is a serious and under‐recognized problem in people with diabetes. This narrative review summarizes the research contributions made by psychological science over the past 25 years to the study of disordered eating in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, and identifies gaps and future directions relevant to both healthcare professionals and researchers. Key focus areas of psychological research investigating disordered eating in people with diabetes have been: (1) defining and classifying types of disordered eating; (2) identifying demographic, diabetes‐specific and psychosocial correlates of disordered eating, and developing theoretical models of disordered eating in people with type 1 diabetes; (3) identifying the physical and psychosocial consequences of disordered eating; and (4) developing screening measures to identify disordered eating in people with type 1 diabetes. Psychological science has made significant contributions over the past 25 years to our understanding of the nature of this problem and the multiple factors which may interrelate with disordered eating in people with diabetes. Key areas for further attention include: (1) a better definition of disordered eating subtypes in people with type 1 diabetes; (2) characterizing disordered eating in people with type 2 diabetes; and (3) developing multidisciplinary, evidence‐based prevention and treatment interventions for comorbid disordered eating and diabetes.
Apold1 deficiency associates with increased arterial thrombosis in vivo
Authors: Diaz‐Cañestro Candela , Bonetti Nicole R. , Wüst Patricia , Nageswaran Vanasa , Liberale Luca , Beer Jürg H. , Montecucco Fabrizio , Lüscher Thomas F. , Bohacek Johannes , Camici Giovanni G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundEndothelial cells regulate the formation of blood clots; thus, genes selectively expressed in these cells could primarily determine thrombus formation. Apold1 (apolipoprotein L domain containing 1) is a gene expressed by endothelial cells; whether Apold1 directly contributes to arterial thrombosis has not yet been investigated. Here, we assessed the effect of Apold1 deletion on arterial thrombus formation using an in vivo model of carotid thrombosis induced by photochemical injury.Material and methodsApold1 knockout (Apold1−/−) mice and wild‐type (WT) littermates underwent carotid thrombosis induced by photochemical injury, and time to occlusion was recorded. Tissue factor (TF) activity and activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphatidyl‐inositol‐3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathways were analysed by colorimetric assay and Western blotting in both Apold1−/− and WT mice. Finally, platelet reactivity was assessed using light transmission aggregometry.ResultsAfter photochemical injury, Apold1−/− mice exhibited shorter time to occlusion as compared to WT mice. Moreover, TF activity was increased in carotid arteries of Apold1−/− when compared to WT mice. Underlying mechanistic markers such as TF mRNA and MAPKs activation were unaffected in Apold1−/− mice. In contrast, phosphorylation of Akt was reduced in Apold1−/− as compared to WT mice. Additionally, Apold1−/− mice displayed increased platelet reactivity to stimulation with collagen compared with WT animals.ConclusionsDeficiency of Apold1 results in a prothrombotic phenotype, accompanied by increased vascular TF activity, decreased PI3K/Akt activation and increased platelet reactivity. These findings suggest Apold1 as an interesting new therapeutic target in the context of arterial thrombosis.
Multitrophic interactions drive body size variations in seed‐feeding insects
Authors: Oliveira Tamires C. T. de , Monteiro Angelo B. , Morales‐Silva Tiago , Maia Laís F. , Faria Lucas D. B. 
Published: December 2019

1. The intensity of community interactions and the structure of food webs can be associated with an organism's body size. However, little is known about how interactions among species in multitrophic communities determine the body size of individuals exploiting the same resource.2. This study evaluates the effects of resource size, fruit infestation, and parasitism on tibia length, a proxy measure of body size, of insects exploiting the same resource. The three most abundant seed‐feeding species of Senegalia tenuifolia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) were selected, and the relationship between their tibia length and the interactions within the food web was estimated. The selected species were the beetles Merobruchus terani and Stator maculatopygus, and the braconid wasp Allorhogas vulgaris.3. The body sizes of 531 specimens were measured and it was found that tibia length of each species responded differently to the interactions, demonstrating that functionally similar species may respond differently to multitrophic effects. The body size of Merobruchus terani, the most abundant species in the food web, was negatively affected by the presence of A. vulgaris, but there was a positive relationship with seed biomass and its own abundance in the fruits. The other two species were less abundant and more plastic in their responses, as a strong negative effect of M. terani presence on A. vulgaris body size was observed, as well as a strong negative effect of Coleoptera parasitism rate on S. maculatopygus body size.4. It is concluded that morphological traits can provide information on how interactions affect species body size.
A new clustering method based on the bio‐inspired cuttlefish optimization algorithm
Authors: Eesa Adel Sabry , Orman Zeynep 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMost of the well‐known clustering methods based on distance measures, distance metrics and similarity functions have the main problem of getting stuck in the local optima and their performance strongly depends on the initial values of the cluster centers. This paper presents a new approach to enhance the clustering problems with the bio‐inspired Cuttlefish Algorithm (CFA) by searching the best cluster centers that can minimize the clustering metrics. Various UCI Machine Learning Repository datasets are used to test and evaluate the performance of the proposed method. For the sake of comparison, we have also analysed several algorithms such as K‐means, Genetic Algorithm and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Algorithm. The simulations and obtained results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed CFA‐Clustering method is superior to the other counterpart algorithms in most cases. Therefore, the CFA can be considered as an alternative stochastic method to solve clustering problems.
Management Strategies for Pain Associated with Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Alzaatreh Mohammad Y. , Abdalrahim Maysoon S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPatients on maintenance hemodialysis are subjected to mild‐to‐moderate pain associated with arteriovenous fistula needle insertion. This pain might adversely affect patient compliance with dialysis and quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate published research studies on management strategies for pain associated with fistula needle insertion. A review of 35 studies from well‐known databases such as CINAHL, ProQuest, and PubMed was conducted. Three strategies of cannulation pain management were found to have been tried: specific cannulation techniques; use of alternative complementary therapies; and use of local anesthetic agents.
Gingival tissue human beta‐defensin levels in relation to infection and inflammation
Authors: Özdemir Meltem , Caglayan Feriha , Bikker Floris J. , Pussinen Pirkko , Könönen Eija , Yamalik Nermin , Gürsoy Mervi , Fteita Dareen , Nazmi Kamran , Güncü Güliz N. , Pietiäinen Milla , Tolvanen Mimmi , Gürsoy Ulvi Kahraman 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimTo profile gingival tissue levels of human beta‐defensin (hBD)‐2 and hBD‐3 in relation to gingival inflammation, Th17‐related cytokine concentrations, Porphyromonas gingivalis counts, and gingipain and total protease activities.Materials and MethodsGingival tissue and subgingival plaque samples were collected from 21 periodontitis patients including 48 periodontal pocket sites with marginal, mild, or moderate to severe inflammation. hBD levels were determined by immunodetection, P. gingivalis counts with real‐time polymerase chain reaction, protease activities with fluorogenic substrates, and cytokine concentrations with Luminex technique. Data were statistically analysed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests and Spearman correlation coefficients.ResultsSubgingival plaque counts of P. gingivalis (p = .001) and gingipain activity (p < .001), as well as interleukin (IL)‐1β (p = .012), IL‐10 (p = .024), IL‐17A (p = .002), IL‐17F (p = .006), and IL‐23 (p = .036) concentrations were elevated in severely inflamed sites, whereas no change was observed in hBD‐2 and hBD‐3 levels. Negative correlations were found between protease activity and hBD‐2 (p = .033) and hBD‐3(p = .003) levels.ConclusionsShift in gingival inflammation from marginal to mild stage is related to elevations in subgingival plaque P. gingivalis counts and gingipain activity, but not to tissue hBD levels. Negative correlations between hBDs and total protease activity suggest the degradation of these antimicrobial peptides in progressed inflammation.
Influence of smoking on periodontal healing one year after active treatment
Authors: Naji Aorra , Edman Kristina , Holmlund Anders 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impact of smoking on the reduction of pockets >4 mm deep and a composite variable of residual pockets >4 mm and bleeding on probing (BoP) after treatment.MethodsEligible after exclusion due to missing records were 3,535 individuals, referred for periodontal treatment between 1980 and 2015. The number of teeth (NT), probing pocket depth (PPD), proportion of plaque (PLI) and BoP were registered before treatment and 1 year after treatment. To analyse the impact of smoking on PPD reduction, a mixed model adjusted for age, sex, type of therapy, baseline PPD, reduction of PLI, BoP and NT was used. Depending on residual PPD and BoP, two categories were created: good and poor responders.ResultsPLI was reduced by 20% in non‐smokers and by 18% in smokers, and BoP by 46% and 37%, respectively. In the adjusted mixed model, the mean reduction of PPD > 4 mm among smokers undergoing surgery was 14.4 versus 9.7 in non‐smokers (p < .001). The odds ratio for being a poor responder was 2.40 (95% CI 1.99–2.91, p < .001) for smokers.ConclusionAlthough surgical treatment reduced PPD >4 mm in smokers more effectively than in non‐smokers, significantly more non‐smokers were good responders after periodontal therapy.
Psoriasis, cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic disorders: sex‐specific findings of a population‐based study
Authors: Sondermann W. , Djeudeu Deudjui D.A. , Körber A. , Slomiany U. , Brinker T.J. , Erbel R. , Moebus S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundScientific evidence suggests an association between psoriasis and cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, there are hardly any sex‐specific results from population‐based studies reporting the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with psoriasis and point estimates of the association between psoriasis and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.ObjectiveAims are to evaluate the sex‐specific prevalence of psoriasis and cardiovascular risk factors, and to estimate sex‐specific associations between psoriasis and diabetes type 2 (DM) and metabolic syndrome (MetS).MethodsWe used data of 3723 participants (45–75 years, 54.1% women) without coronary heart disease and missing data (psoriasis, DM, MetS) from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study. Standardized information on health outcomes and risk factors was assessed. We performed descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses to calculate prevalence rate ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsThe prevalence of psoriasis was 3.8% (n = 143), with no differences between sex. We observed more often metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in women with psoriasis compared to women without psoriasis. Interestingly, in men, this pattern was partly reversed. Multiple regression analyses revealed distinctly elevated PRs for DM for both women and men with psoriasis (fully adjusted PR: 2.43; 95% CI: 1.17–5.07, resp. 2.09; 1.16–3.76). Regarding the MetS, the results were inconsistent, showing a positive association between psoriasis and MetS in women (1.84; 1.14–2.98), but a negative association in men, even though with a wide 95% CI (0.69; 0.42–1.12).ConclusionThe results of our cross‐sectional, population‐based analysis show a distinct association between psoriasis and DM, whereas for the MetS the results contrasted between men and women, translating in women with MetS showing a higher and in men a lower chance to be psoriatic. Our results emphasize the urgent need for sex‐specific research, studying the effects of psoriasis on metabolic disorders as well as effective sex tailored prevention measures.
Baseline patient‐reported outcomes from UNITE: an observational, international, multicentre registry to evaluate hidradenitis suppurativa in clinical practice
Authors: Kimball A.B. , Crowley J.J. , Papp K. , Calimlim B. , Duan Y. , Fleischer A.B. , Sobell J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory, skin condition associated with many comorbidities and often has a substantial impact on patients’ lives.ObjectivesTo evaluate symptom burden and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) at baseline in patients with HS in an observational, real‐world, clinical setting using several tools including a validated HS‐specific instrument.MethodsThis study evaluated HRQoL data from the international UNITE HS disease registry. Administration of patient‐reported outcome (PRO) instruments and collection of data were executed per local regulations. All data were assessed using descriptive statistical methods.ResultsPRO data from 529 adults and 65 adolescents were evaluated. Most adults (64.5%) and adolescents (73.8%) were classified as Hurley Stage II with substantial disease burden at baseline. HS had a large effect (mean DLQI = 12.6) and moderate effect (mean CDLQI = 6.9) on the lives of adults and adolescents, respectively. Approximately 58% of adults and 41% of adolescents had anxiety scores beyond the normal range; 30% of adults and 16% of adolescents exhibited symptoms of depression. Based on HSSA and HSIA scores, approximately 30% of adults reported a substantial burden of multiple HS clinical symptoms and more than 45% reported a significant emotional impact of HS that adversely affected their intimate relationships. Only 60% of adults were employed and of those, 64% reported at least some degree of impairment while working because of HS.ConclusionsBased on PROs collected from patients enrolled in the UNITE registry, a real‐world, clinical setting, HS has a significant negative impact on the everyday lives of patients affected by this disease.