bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal pricing decisions for an omni‐channel supply chain with retail service
Authors: Jiang Yuqing , Liu Liping , Lim Andrew 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMotivated by the emergence of dominant physical stores utilizing a buy‐online‐and‐pickup‐in‐store (BOPS) channel, we examine the interaction of such a stronger retailer and a manufacturer's strategies on the pricing and service value. The dominant retailer provides an added service value to end consumers by the traditional channel and BOPS option, which has a positive influence on the market demand. The manufacturer makes the channel selection decision between a dual channel and an omni‐channel. We formulate a retailer Stackelberg game and characterize the equilibrium pricing and service solutions under centralized and decentralized cases. Our results indicate that the service value of a physical store strongly influences the players' pricing strategies. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the total revenue of the supply chain increases with the market scale expansion coefficient of the BOPS option. Furthermore, the result suggests that offering the BOPS channel is always an effective initiative to boost supply chain performance, especially in the centralized structure.
Efficacy of topical silicone gel in scar management: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Wang Fan , Li Xiaoxue , Wang Xiuyun , Jiang Xian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTo assess the efficacy of topical silicone gel in the management of scars, we conducted this meta‐analysis. The systematic search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science and Embase, and six randomised controlled trials with a total of 375 patients were involved. The outcome data of Vancouver Scar Scale were extracted from the studies and their effect sizes were calculated using Review Manager 5.3. As a result, topical silicone gel significantly reduced pigmentation, height, and pliability scores postoperatively compared with placebos or no treatment (Pigmentation: standard mean difference [SMD] = −0.55 [−0.83 to –0.26], P = .0002; Height: SMD = −0.73 [−1.02 to –0.44], P < .00001; Pliability: SMD = −0.49 [−0.95 to –0.03], P = .04). Topical silicone gel and silicone gel sheet were comparably effective (P > .05). The performance of topical silicone gel and other non‐silicone topical treatment was also similar (P > .05). In summary, topical silicone gel was effective in post‐operative scar prevention.
Stakeholder‐driven approach to developing a peer‐mentoring intervention for young adults with intellectual/developmental disabilities and co‐occurring mental health conditions
Authors: Schwartz Ariel E. ,   Young Adult Mental Health/Peer Mentoring Research Team, Kramer Jessica M. , Rogers E. Sally , McDonald Katherine E. , Cohn Ellen S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundYoung adults with intellectual/developmental disabilities and co‐occurring mental health conditions (IDD‐MH) experience significant mental health disparities. Barriers to services include transportation and stigma associated with services. Peer mentoring (PM) may be one solution to these barriers.MethodsWe conducted exploratory research to develop a PM intervention for young adults with IDD‐MH by partnering with 3 young adults with IDD‐MH and a seven‐member advisory board. In addition, we conducted focus groups with mental health clinicians (n = 10), peer providers (n = 9), and transition specialists (n = 20) to identify the desired PM outcomes and features and content that may facilitate these outcomes.ResultsPrioritized outcome: identifying and utilizing leisure activities as coping strategies. PM features: mentors should use relationship‐ and outcome‐driven actions to operationalize a mentee‐centred approach. Features and content considerations: safety, mentor matching, degree of structure, mentor training and support, and collaboration with mentees’ support teams.DiscussionFindings are aligned with previous research on PM.
Homogeneous and heterogeneous multiple representations in equation‐solving problems: An eye‐tracking study
Authors: Malone Sarah , Altmeyer Kristin , Vogel Markus , Brünken Roland 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMultiple external representations (MERs) play an important role in the learning field of mathematics. Whereas the cognitive theory of multimedia learning and the integrative text and picture comprehension model assume that the heterogeneous combination of symbolic and analogous representations fosters learning; the design, functions, and tasks framework holds that learning benefits depend on the specific functions of MERs. The current paper describes a conceptual replication study of one of the few studies comparing single representations, heterogeneous, and homogeneous MERs in the context of mathematics learning. In a balanced incomplete block design, the participants were provided single representations (a graphic, text, or formula) or a heterogeneous (e.g., text + graphic) or homogeneous (text + formula) combination of these to solve linear system of equations problems. In accordance with previous research, performance was superior in conditions providing MERs compared to single‐representation conditions. Moreover, heterogeneous MERs led to time savings over homogeneous MERs which triggered an increase in cognitive load. Contrary to previous research, text was the least fixated representation whereas the graphical representation proved to be most beneficial. With regard to practical implications, experts should be fostered through more challenging homogeneous MERs whereas novices should be supported through the accessible graphic contained in heterogeneous MERs.
How students emerge as learning leaders in small group online discussions
Authors: Kim Min Kyu , Lee In Heok , Wang Yinying 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, we examined the role of leadership styles and multi‐dimensional learner engagement in how students emerge as learning leaders in asynchronous online discussions. Grounded in the conceptual framework of two dominant leadership styles of transformational and transactional leadership, this study applies the two leadership styles—transformational leadership and transactional leadership—to the Leader Identification Method (LIM) which defines three types of leader roles (i.e., full, transactional and attractive facilitator) in online learning. We collected data from 20 students enrolled in a graduate‐level online course that required participation in 12‐week discussion activities. Results of the longitudinal data analyses show that person‐focused, transformational leadership and active participation in online discussions were significant factors that enabled students to emerge as learning leaders. Students are more likely to become leaders by exhibiting transformational leadership behaviour and productively interacting with one another in an online discussion community.
Creation of a severity index for hidradenitis suppurativa that includes a validated quality‐of‐life measure: the HIDRAscore
Authors: Marzano A.V. , Chiricozzi A. , Giovanardi G. , Argenziano G. , Bettoli V. , Bianchi L. , Dapavo P. , Dini V. , Fabbrocini G. , Micali G. , Offidani A.M. , Potenza C. , Prignano F. , Gualberti G. , Saragaglia V. , Rongioletti F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating disease with a considerable effect on patient quality of life. Its clinical severity can be measured using different scoring systems; however, few of them include patient‐centred parameters.ObjectiveTo create a new scoring system for HS that includes a quality‐of‐life instrument, the HIDRAdisk.MethodsThis post hoc analysis was carried out within the framework of a multicentre, longitudinal, epidemiologic study conducted over 9 months on quality‐of‐life aspects of HS. The new severity score was created using as reference a question from the Subject Satisfaction Questionnaire (SSQ) concerning the severity of HS as evaluated by the patient. Associated variables were selected using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. The discriminant capabilities of the final model and of the final score were evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and the Hosmer–Lemeshow test.ResultsThe study population included 308 patients with HS of any severity grade. According to the results of the regression models, the variables associated with the reference SSQ measure were number of inflammatory nodules, abscesses and draining fistulas; the HIDRAdisk score; and the number of subumbilical lesions. The HIDRAscore is obtained by the sum of the scores associated with the number of these parameters. Possible scores range from 0 to 10.ConclusionThe HIDRAscore is a new scoring system for HS severity which, in addition to the clinical evaluation by the physician, includes a validated patient‐reported outcome measure, the HIDRAdisk.
Holocephalan (Chondrichthyes) dental plates with hypermineralized dentine as a substitute for missing teeth through developmental plasticity
Authors: Smith Moya , Manzanares Esther , Underwood Charlie , Healy Chris , Clark Brett , Johanson Zerina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAll extant holocephalans (Chimaeroidei) have lost the ability to make individual teeth, as tooth germs are not part of the embryonic development of the dental plates or of their continuous growth. Instead, a hypermineralized dentine with a unique mineral, whitlockin, is specifically distributed within a dentine framework into structures that give the dental plates their distinctive, species‐specific morphology. Control of the regulation of this distribution must be cellular, with a dental epithelium initiating the first outer dentine, and via contact with ectomesenchymal tissue as the only embryonic cell type that can make dentine. Chimaeroids have three pairs of dental plates within their mouth, two in the upper jaw and one in the lower. In the genera Chimaera, Hydrolagus and Harriotta, the morphology and distribution of this whitlockin within each dental plate differs both between different plates in the same species and between species. Whitlockin structures include ovoids, rods and tritoral pads, with substantial developmental changes between these. For example, rods appear before the ovoids and result from a change in the surrounding trabecular dentine. In Harriotta, ovoids form separately from the tritoral pads, but also contribute to tritor development, while in Chimaera and Hydrolagus, tritoral pads develop from rods that later are perforated to accommodate the vasculature. Nevertheless, the position of these structures, secreted by the specialized odontoblasts (whitloblasts), appears highly regulated in all three species. These distinct morphologies are established at the aboral margin of the dental plate, with proposed involvement of the outer dentine. We observe that this outer layer forms into serially added lingual ridges, occurring on the anterior plate only. We propose that positional, structural specificity must be contained within the ectomesenchymal populations, as stem cells below the dental epithelium, and a coincidental occurrence of each lingual, serial ridge with the whitlockin structures that contribute to the wear‐resistant oral surface.
AQP9 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion through inhibition of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α expression under hypoxia
Authors: Qian Yanzhi , Liu Fengchao , Zhang Wenguang , Zheng Xi , Liao Shengtao , Lv Lin , Mei Zhechuan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackground and AimIntratumor hypoxia is a hallmark of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with an aggressive tumor phenotype. Although it has been shown that AQP9 plays an important role in HCC, the relevance between hypoxia and AQP9 is still unknown.MethodsWe established in vitro normoxic or hypoxic models to investigate the role of AQP9 in the regulation of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) and hypoxia‐enhanced invasion of hepatoma cells. Molecular expression was detected using western blot or quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell invasion ability was determined using Transwell invasion assay. In vivo xenograft experiment was used to detect the role of AQP9 on tumor growth.ResultsOur present study revealed a decrease in the expression levels of AQP9 in hypoxic microenvironments. Overexpression of AQP9 led to a decreased expression of HIF‐1α; conversely, suppression of AQP9 in HCC cells had an opposite effect. Furthermore, up‐regulated AQP9 blocked the hypoxic‐enhanced invasion of HCC cells. The overexpression of AQP9 inhibited the growth of tumors and HIF‐1α expression in vivo.ConclusionsThese data suggest that AQP9 acts as a tumor suppressor in HCC invasion via the regulation of HIF‐1α expression in the tumor hypoxic microenvironment.
Increasing Complexity of New Nursing Home Residents in Ontario, Canada: A Serial Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Ng Ryan , Lane Natasha , Tanuseputro Peter , Mojaverian Nassim , Talarico Robert , Wodchis Walter P. , Bronskill Susan E. , Hsu Amy T. 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVESThe main objective of the study was to investigate annual changes in the sociodemographic characteristics, morbidity, and functional status of new nursing home residents in Ontario, Canada, between 2000 and 2015. A secondary objective was to develop and assess the quality of an algorithm for ascertaining admissions into publicly funded nursing homes in Ontario using a combination of health administrative data sources that indirectly identifies the residential status of new nursing home residents.DESIGNPopulation‐based serial cross‐sectional study with an accompanying quality assessment study of algorithms.SETTINGPublicly funded nursing care homes in Ontario, Canada.PARTICIPANTSThe reference standard for the assessment of algorithm performance was 21 544 newly admitted nursing home residents identified from the Resident Assessment Instrument‐Minimum Data Set in 2012. The selected algorithm was then used to identify serial cross‐sectional cohorts of newly admitted residents between 2000 and 2015 that ranged in size between 14 651 and 23 630 residents.MEASUREMENTSSociodemographic characteristics, morbidity, and functional status of new residents were determined upon admission to examine patterns in the cohorts’ profiles.RESULTSThe proportion of residents aged 85 years and older increased from 45.1% to 53.8% over 16 years. The proportions of individuals with seven or more chronic conditions (from 14.1% to 22.1%) and with nine or more prescription medications (from 44.9% to 64.2%) have also increased in parallel over time. Hypertension, osteoarthritis, and dementia were the most prevalent conditions captured, with the proportion of incoming residents with dementia increasing from 42.3% to 54.1% between 2000 and 2015. Newly admitted residents were more likely to have extensive physical and cognitive impairments upon admission.CONCLUSIONAdmission trends show that new residents were older and had greater multimorbidity and limitations in physical functioning over time. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:1293–1300, 2020.
Effect of reference region size on strain measurements using geometrical phase analysis
Authors: WANG Y. , GE X. , ZHANG W. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryGeometrical phase analysis (GPA) is typically a powerful tool to investigate the deformation in high resolution transmission electron microscopy images and has been used in various fields. During GPA, strain components are calculated relative to an undistorted reference region. In the present work, the effect of reference region size on strain measurements has been investigated. Experimental measurements on a locally distorted gold nanoparticle exhibited that a small reference region below the GPA spatial resolution can introduce an inaccuracy in the measured displacement field, which appears as a significant increase in measured strains and severe fluctuation in phase images. The inaccuracy may be ascribed to an error of insufficient sampling. Our results suggest that a small reference region below the GPA spatial resolution should be avoided during GPA. This prerequisite should be paid more attention to during strain measurement on nanoparticles.
Labour, nature, and exploitation: Social metabolism and inequality in a farming community in mid‐19th century Catalonia
Authors: Marco Inés , Padró Roc , Tello Enric 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExploiting the labour of other people has historically been one of the main strategies to tackle the biophysical tension that always exists between the satisfaction of human needs and the labour required to fulfil them. Based on the insights of ecological, feminist, and Marxist economics, we disentangle the exploitation of the labour of women and labouring poor through a novel methodology that integrates energy, material, time, and cash balances. We apply it to the sociometabolic flows between household units endowed with different land and livestock resources in a traditional rural community in Catalonia (Spain) in the mid‐19th century. The results show that land and livestock hoarding led to a process of accumulation through dispossession that increased the exploitative relationships through the labour market, which in turn relied on the patriarchal division of labour between men and women at home. Our estimates of energy labour surplus reveal that male wages represented 88% of the equivalent consumption basket that would have been obtained by carrying out the same amount of labour on land of one's own. However, in the case of female wages, the percentage was 54%. This shows that wage labour incorporated a significant amount of unpaid domestic family labour.
Lipidomics analysis of facial skin surface lipids between forehead and cheek: Association between lipidome, TEWL, and pH
Authors: Zhou Mingyue , Gan Yao , Yang Manli , He Congfen , Jia Yan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundRegional differences in skin characteristics are well known. Significant differences in skin physiology between the forehead and cheek have also been reported. However, there are few studies based on lipidomics at the molecular level. Additionally, there is no study focusing on the lipid profile variations of skin surface lipid (SSL) in forehead and cheek.PurposeThis study analyzed the differences in facial SSL between forehead and cheek of men aged 18‐25 years to explain the distinct physiological parameters between forehead and cheek resulting in different skin status.MethodsFacial SSL was identified by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time of flight‐mass spectrometry (UPLC‐QTOF‐MS). Multivariate data analysis was used to investigate the SSL difference in forehead and cheek.ResultsSignificant differences in facial SSL composition were detected between the forehead and cheek. Multivariate data analysis suggested that 21 entities contributed most significantly toward the discrimination and phosphatidylserines (PS) constituted the majority of differentiating lipid species. Subsequent analysis showed a marked increase in the amounts of unsaturated and saturated free fatty acids (FFAs), and a significant increase in average FFAs chain length in the forehead as compared to that in the cheek.ConclusionsPhosphatidylserines exposure might be one of the most important reasons for the increased amount of forehead SSL secretion. The different FFAs chain length and FFAs content lead to altered skin barrier functions in forehead and cheek, consequently resulting in altered trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL) and pH at the two anatomical sites.
Awareness of implicit bias mitigates discrimination in radiology resident selection
Authors: Maxfield Charles M. , Thorpe Matthew P. , Desser Terry S. , Heitkamp Darel , Hull Nathan C. , Johnson Karen S. , Koontz Nicholas A. , Mlady Gary W. , Welch Timothy J. , Grimm Lars J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesImplicit bias is common and is thought to drive discriminatory behaviour. Having previously demonstrated discrimination against specific applicant demographics by academic radiology departments in a simulated resident selection process, the authors sought to better understand the relationship between implicit bias and discrimination, as well as the potential and mechanisms for their mitigation.MethodsA total of 51 faculty reviewers at three academic radiology departments, who had participated in a 2017 audit study in which they were shown to treat applicants differently based on race or ethnicity and physical appearance, were invited to complete testing for implicit racial and weight bias using the Implicit Association Test in 2019. Respondents were also surveyed regarding awareness of their own personal racial and weight biases, as well as any prior participation in formal diversity training. Comparisons were made between implicit bias scores and applicant ratings, as well as between diversity training and self‐awareness of bias.ResultsA total of 31 out of 51 faculty reviewers (61%) completed and submitted results of race and weight Implicit Association Tests. A total of 74% (23/31) reported implicit anti‐obese bias, concordant with discrimination demonstrated in the resident selection simulation, in which obese applicants were rated 0.40 standard deviations (SDs) lower than non‐obese applicants (P < .001). A total of 71% (22/31) reported implicit anti‐Black bias, discordant with application ratings, which were 0.47 SDs higher for Black than for White applicants (P < .001). A total of 84% (26/31) of participants reported feeling self‐aware of potential racial bias at the time of application review, significantly higher than the 23% (7/31) reporting self‐awareness of potential anti‐obese bias (P < .001). Participation in formal diversity training was not associated with implicit anti‐Black or anti‐fat bias, nor with self‐reported awareness of potential racial or weight‐based bias (all P > .2).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that implicit bias, as measured by the Implicit Association Test, does not inevitably lead to discrimination, and that personal awareness of implicit biases may allow their mitigation.
Body‐related comments experienced by Chinese young women: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yan Zi , Zhang Guodong , Cardinal Bradley J. , Xu Ting 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWithin Chinese culture, one way that family and friends demonstrate that they care about one‐another is by making body‐related comments. How such comments are experienced by young women, in particular, including how they relate to their psychological disposition and/or use of unhealthy weight control behaviors, is unknown. The purposes of this study were to understand the frequency and type of body‐related comments Chinese college women received, from whom, and their associations with body mass index (BMI), body satisfaction, body change motivations, and unhealthy weight control behaviors. Women from a comprehensive university in Southwest China (N = 236) participated in this cross‐sectional study. Results showed that female Chinese college students received body‐related comments most frequently from their friends, followed by parents, and romantic partners. While the frequency of receiving body‐related comments was not associated with BMI, higher frequencies were associated with stronger motivation to lose weight/fat and to practice unhealthy weight control behaviors. Additionally, positive body‐related comments from romantic partners were associated with higher motivation to gain weight/muscle and/or to maintain weight. Furthermore, positive body‐related comments from friends were associated with higher body satisfaction. Educational programs are needed to help female Chinese college students and members of their social networks recognize and understand the potential impact associated with giving body‐related comments. Screening protocols for unhealthy weight control behaviors and appropriate counseling services should also be developed and made available.