bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lithium prevents grey matter atrophy in patients with bipolar disorder: an international multicenter study
Authors: Hozer Franz , Sarrazin Samuel , Laidi Charles , Favre Pauline , Pauling Melissa , Cannon Dara , McDonald Colm , Emsell Louise , Mangin Jean-François , Duchesnay Edouard , Bellani Marcella , Brambilla Paolo , Wessa Michele , Linke Julia , Polosan Mircea , Versace Amelia , Phillips Mary L. , Delavest Marine , Bellivier Frank , Hamdani Nora , d'Albis Marc-Antoine , Leboyer Marion , Houenou Josselin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundLithium (Li) is the gold standard treatment for bipolar disorder (BD). However, its mechanisms of action remain unknown but include neurotrophic effects. We here investigated the influence of Li on cortical and local grey matter (GM) volumes in a large international sample of patients with BD and healthy controls (HC).MethodsWe analyzed high-resolution T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging scans of 271 patients with BD type I (120 undergoing Li) and 316 HC. Cortical and local GM volumes were compared using voxel-wise approaches with voxel-based morphometry and SIENAX using FSL. We used multiple linear regression models to test the influence of Li on cortical and local GM volumes, taking into account potential confounding factors such as a history of alcohol misuse.ResultsPatients taking Li had greater cortical GM volume than patients without. Patients undergoing Li had greater regional GM volumes in the right middle frontal gyrus, the right anterior cingulate gyrus, and the left fusiform gyrus in comparison with patients not taking Li.ConclusionsOur results in a large multicentric sample support the hypothesis that Li could exert neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects limiting pathological GM atrophy in key brain regions associated with BD.
Surrogation, Mediatization, and Black Representation On- and Offstage: When Ira Aldridge, the African Roscius, Visited Pest-Buda in 1853
Authors: Imre Zoltán 
Published: January 2020

Writing in 1853, Gábor Egressy, one of the leading actor-directors of the Hungarian-speaking National Theatre in Pest-Buda (Budapest), observed that representatives of different nations were appearing in increasing number on and off the stages of the major cities of Eastern Europe:Today not only ideas fly on lightning wings, but humankind as well. Quick and easy as well as cheap travel has mobilized humankind and created worldwide and constant migration. Now, we do not have to leave our place to see the people of the faraway world of whom, so far, we have had merely vague ideas through rumors and fairy tales: rather these people visit us in our home. From every part of the world, fantastically colorful groups proceed from time to time before our eyes. Whatever is pleasant, great, and fine on Earth, all visit us. Groups of Italians, French, Negroes, and English are coming here and offering the divine products of their homelands.Egressy shared this observation with readers when the black, British-American actor Ira Aldridge visited the National Theatre in 1853. Aldridge and his English company received a warm welcome from Hungarian audiences and leading intellectuals. At the same time, however, he was under surveillance by the Habsburg secret police, and was later politely asked to leave the city. In my article, I investigate Aldridge's visit to Pest-Buda using the concepts of surrogation (Joseph Roach) and mediatization (Christopher B. Balme), and pay close attention to the way the actor's contemporaries interpreted his visit.
Multisets, heaps, bags, families: What is a multiset?
Authors: Jürgensen Helmut 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIs the current formulation of multiset theory, which is based on sets and multiplicities of their elements, adequate? We exhibit both mathematical and metamathematical reasons which should cause one to rethink the definition. Some problems with multiset theory in its accepted formulation concern even the basic operations of union, intersection, and complement; others, more deeply rooted, concern Cartesian products, relations, or morphisms. We compare current definitions and conclude that the problems of multiset theory need to be resolved at the fundamental level of sets and mappings (or equivalent constructs) with multiplicities introduced only as a secondary concept. As a consequence, we propose to define multisets as families. A mapping establishes the connection to the familiar theory of multisets. Without losing anything, our proposal is simple and provides for an elegant mathematical theory.
Prevalence and predictors of underweight and stunting among children under 2 years of age in Eastern Kenya
Authors: Guyatt Helen , Muiruri Florence , Mburu Peter , Robins Ann 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjective:To investigate key risk factors associated with undernutrition in the first few years of life.Design:A cross-sectional household survey was conducted in January 2018 collecting anthropometric data and other information on household, caregiver and child characteristics. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated to assess the association of these characteristics with stunting and underweight outcomes.Setting:Kitui and Machakos counties in south-east Kenya.Participants:Caregivers and their children aged 0–23 months in 967 beneficiary households of the Government of Kenya’s cash for orphans and vulnerable children (CT-OVC) social protection scheme.Results:Twenty-three per cent of the 1004 children with anthropometric data were stunted, 10 % were underweight and 6 % experienced wasting. The strongest predictors of stunting and underweight were being in the second year of life and being born with a low birth weight. Residing in a poor household and having more than one child under 2 years of age in the household were also significant risk factors for being underweight. Although 43 % of children did not receive the minimal acceptable diet, this was not a significant factor associated with undernutrition. When age was removed as a covariate in children aged 12–23 months, being male resulted in a significantly higher risk of being stunted.Conclusions:While only 9 % of children were born with a low birth weight, these were four to five times more likely to be stunted and underweight, suggesting that preventive measures during pregnancy could have significant nutrition and health benefits for young children in this study area.
Ambiguities of Prophecy: Old Testament Rhetoric in the American Founding Era
Authors: Keller Jonathan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractScholars have long recognized the impact of Hebrew prophecy on the rhetoric of the American Founding era, but they have assumed it is all of one type, the American Jeremiad, a clarion call for political action. In fact, biblical rhetoric during this era mirrors three types of Old Testament prophecy formulated at three distinct moments in ancient Biblical history: before, during, and after the Babylonian Exile of 587 BCE. I refer to these as repentance, Jeremiad, and disappointment. I interpret sermons by three leading Protestant ministers in order to demonstrate that all three types of Hebraic prophecy were prevalent during this era, but only one of them, the Jeremiad, seeks to inspire political action; second, the Jeremiad was prominent only during the Revolutionary War. Before the war, and after the ratification of the Constitution, the two quietistic modes of prophecy, repentance, and disappointment, are more prevalent. I conclude by speculating about what the American founders might think of the contemporary rhetorical landscape, where the Jeremiad has become dominant, drowning out more moderate forms of biblical discourse.
Gateway or getaway? Testing the link between lifestyle politics and other modes of political participation
Authors: de Moor Joost , Verhaegen Soetkin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMany have depicted a steady rise in lifestyle politics. Individuals are increasingly using everyday life choices about consumption, transportation, or modes of living to address political, environmental, or ethical issues. While celebrated by some as an expansion of political participation, others worry this trend may be detrimental for democracy, for instance, by reducing citizens to consumers. Implicit in this common critique is the notion that lifestyle politics will replace, rather than coexist with or lead to, other forms of political participation. We provide the first detailed longitudinal analysis to test these hypotheses. Using unique panel data from 1538 politically active individuals from the Flemish region of Belgium (2017–18), we demonstrate that over time, lifestyle politics functions as a gateway into institutionalized and non-institutionalized modes of political participation and that this relationship is mediated by individuals’ increased political concerns.
Ratoeh Jaroe:Islam, Youth, and Popular Dance in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: ISHIGURO MAHO A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract (Indonesian)Di dalam artikel ini, saya mencoba membahas tentang ratoeh jaroe, tarian dari Aceh yang menjadi populer di Jakarta. Ratoeh jaroe adalah tarian asli dari Aceh, di mana Aceh merupakan salah satu provinsi di Indonesia yang menerapkan nilai-nilai agama Islam yang ketat dalam masyarakatnya. Peran para muslimah muda yang tinggal di Jakarta sangat menentukan dalam melihat fenomena perkembangan tarian tersebut. Saya menelaah perkembangan tarian ratoeh jaroe di Jakarta dalam berbagai kesempatan, yang kebanyakan dilakukan oleh para penari muda. Fokus saya antara lain pada (a) jaringan para praktisi tari asal Aceh yang tinggal di Jakarta, (b) tujuan dan manfaat tarian tersebut, dan (c) kaitan antara agama Islam dengan tarian ratoeh jaroe. Salah satu aspek yang membuat tarian ini dapat berkembang dengan baik di Jakarta, karena kesenian ini dapat disesuaikan dengan gaya hidup kosmopolitan. Hal ini diperkuat dengan hubungan antara agama dengan budaya pop, yang memungkinkan seorang wanita muslim dapat mempraktekkan apa yang dikehendaki untuk meraih kesuksesan.
Ancient Sounds in the New World: Syro-Maronite Chant in Lebanese Maronite Communities in the United States
Authors: MOUFARREJ GUILNARD 
Published: January 2020

Abstract (French)Cet article élucide les enjeux de transmission et d’adaptation musicales au sein des communautés libanaises maronites aux États-Unis. Il examine le rôle de l’ancien répertoire de chants en délimitant les aspects religieux et culturels de l’Église et de la communauté maronites diasporiques tout en fournissant un espace religieux qui dépasse les différences ethniques et linguistiques. Il explore la participation des chants à élaborer un sentiment d’appartenance à la communauté malgré l’existence de multiples générations d’émigrés. Bien que le choix de la langue des chants (Anglais vs. Arabe) ait suscité dans certaines communautés des contestations parmi les fidèles, le maintien des mélodies des chants a contribué à la formation d’une Église maronite transnationale unissant les communautés maronites de plusieurs pays à l’église mère au Liban.
On Diasporic Generation and Syrian-Argentine Musicking in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: ESPINOSA ANDREA SHAHEEN 
Published: January 2020

الملخصتتمتع بوينس آيرس، عاصمة الأرجنتين، حاليًا بمشهد موسيقي عربي مفعم بالحيوية حيث يؤدي الموسيقيون والراقصون عروضاً أصيلة من الأساليب التقليدية. وأصبحت هذه العروض أيضًا مواقع شائعة لإثبات الهوية والتضامن والمطالبة بحق الفرد في أداء التقليد العربي. وفي الوقت الذي يُعْتَبر فيه الموسيقيون البارزون محكمين في الموسيقى الكلاسيكية السورية، إلا أنّ أداء كل منهم يختلف اختلافًا كبيرًا. وتُظهِر مفاهيمهم المتنوعة للتقاليد، وبوضوح، جذورًا في تجربة شتات معينة يمكن أن تبدأ في مراعاة الاختلاف والانحراف. يستكشف هذا المقال إذاً الطرق التي يهيمن بها الطابع الزماني المؤقت، بدلاً منه المكاني، على ممارسات الشتات لفناني الأداء السوريين الأرجنتينيين.
In-hospital outcomes of patients with non-iatrogenic civilian	vascular trauma
Authors: Meyer Alexander , Huebner Viola , Lang Werner , Almasi-Sperling Veronika , Rother Ulrich 
Published: January 2020

Summary: Background: Morbidity, lesion pattern, management and short-term outcomes of civilian vascular trauma are rarely evaluated. Therefore, analysis of in hospital results in patients with non-iatrogenic vascular trauma in a tertiary referral hospital was performed. Patients and methods: Retrospective evaluation of patients with vascular trauma from 2007–2017 was done. 48 patients (34 male, 14 females, mean age 56 years) were included. Excluded were patients with iatrogenic vascular complications. Major cause of vascular trauma were traffic accidents in 43.8 %, fall from great heights in 27.1 %, sport and home related injuries in 16.8 %, suicidal injuries in 4.2 % and gunshot wounds in 2.1 % (other 6.3 %). 60.4 % of patients presented with blunt, 39.6 % of patients with penetrating vascular trauma. More than half of the cases included polytraumatized patients (54.4 %). Results: Most commonly affected were the popliteal (25.0 %) and the axillar artery (18.8 %). Aortic injuries were present in 14.6 % of cases, whereas the femoral and subclavian artery were involved in 12.6 % and 10.4 %. Vascular reconstruction was performed by interposition graft in 45.9 %, direct suture in 18.8 %, patchplasty in 10.4 %, ligation in 12.4 %, and implantation of stentgraft in 12.5 %. Postoperative complication rate was 54.2 %. Rate of in-hospital major amputation was 14.6 % and in-hospital mortality was 14.6 % as well. Comparison between blunt and penetrating trauma as to postoperative complication (p = 0.322), blood transfusion (p = 0.452) and amputation (p = 0.304) showed no significant differences, whereas lethality in blunt trauma was 20.6 % vs. 5.2 % in penetrating trauma. Injury severity score (ISS) was significantly elevated for blunt trauma patients (mean ISS Score blunt 32 vs 21 penetrating, p = 0.043). Conclusions: The majority of vascular lesions is caused by blunt trauma. Blunt lesions do also show a severe injury pattern, compared to penetrating trauma, and the complication rate remains high. However, by means of vascular reconstruction, limb salvage is feasible in a high percentage of cases.
Comment on “Absence of Age‐Related Trends in Stable Oxygen Isotope Ratios From Oak Tree Rings” by Duffy et al. (2019)
Authors: Helama S. , Matskovsky V. V. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDuffy et al. (2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GB006195) assess age‐related trends in tree‐ring oxygen isotope (δ18O) series from the UK using two approaches. They argue that their conventional approach, which also forms the basis for the frequently used Regional Curve Standardization (RCS) method, is incapable of identifying age‐related trends and that detrending the data would distort climatic indications. However, their study disregards much of the existing dendrochronological literature essential also for their trend detection approaches. Here, we reanalyze the data from their supplementary item and show that detrending δ18O series using the RCS method does not remove long‐term trends—indicative of summertime drying in England and Wales—and that the data set used in Duffy et al. (2019) is likely too small to draw wider implications.
Revisit to Sporadic E Layer Response to Presumably Seismogenic Electrostatic Fields at Middle Latitudes by Model Simulation
Authors: Xu Tong , Hu Yanli , Deng Zhongxin , Zhang Yabin , Wu Jian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIonospheric anomalies before earthquakes termed as seismo‐ionospheric precursors have been extensively discussed due to the importance of earthquake prediction. Electric field driven mechanism is commonly used to explain seismo‐ionospheric precursors. Kim et al. (1993) first theoretically demonstrated that seismogenic electric fields could form intensified sporadic E layers in higher altitudes, which is so influential that motivates considerable statistical work on variations of foEs and h'Es before earthquakes. We attempt to establish a physical model of sporadic E layers at middle latitudes based on wind shear theory with the objective to reexamine the influence of seismogenic electric fields on sporadic E layers. The results show that zonal electric fields of several mV/m can influence the formation of higher sporadic E layers: For existing higher sporadic E layers, eastward/westward electric fields are capable of inhibiting/facilitating the existing layers accompanied by ascent/descent in altitude. For normal E region without sporadic E layers, the effect of eastward electric fields is not notable, while westward electric fields are able to form wider sporadic E layers. Taking into account their complicated response and inherently high variability, a suggestion is made about the necessity to be cautious when attributing variations of sporadic E layers to forthcoming earthquakes.
What Controls Variations in Aftershock Productivity?
Authors: Dascher‐Cousineau Kelian , Brodsky Emily E. , Lay Thorne , Goebel Thomas H. W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe number of aftershocks increases with mainshock size following a well‐defined scaling law. However, excursions from the average behavior are common. This variability is particularly concerning for large earthquakes where the number of aftershocks varies by factors of 100 for mainshocks of comparable magnitude. Do observable factors lead to differences in aftershock behavior? We examine aftershock productivity relative to the global average for all mainshocks () from 1990 to 2019. A global map of earthquake productivity highlights the influence of tectonic regimes. Earthquake depth, lithosphere age, and plate boundary type correspond well with earthquake productivity. We investigate the role of mainshock attributes by compiling source dimensions, radiated seismic energy, stress drop, and a measure of slip heterogeneity based on finite‐fault source inversions for the largest earthquakes from 1990 to 2017. On an individual basis, stress drop, normalized rupture width, and aspect ratio most strongly correlate with aftershock productivity. A multivariate analysis shows that a particular set of parameters (dip, lithospheric age, and normalized rupture area) combines well to improve predictions of aftershock productivity on a cross‐validated data set. Our overall analysis is consistent with a model in which the volumetric abundance of nearby stressed faults controls the aftershock productivity rather than variations in source stress. Thus, we suggest a complementary approach to aftershock forecasts based on geological and rupture properties rather than local calibration alone.
Poroelastic Relaxation in Thermally Cracked and Fluid‐Saturated Glass
Authors: Ògúnsàmì Abdulwaheed , Borgomano Jan V. M. , Fortin Jérôme , Jackson Ian 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTo test theoretical models of modulus dispersion and dissipation in fluid‐saturated rocks, we have investigated the broadband mechanical properties of four thermally cracked glass specimens of simple microstructure with complementary forced‐oscillation (0.004–100 Hz) and ultrasonic techniques (~1 MHz). Strong pressure dependence of moduli (bulk, Young's, and shear), axial strain, and ultrasonic wave speeds for dry conditions attests to essentially complete crack closure at a confining pressure of 15 MPa—consistent with ambient‐pressure crack aspect ratios ≤2 × 10−4. Oscillation of the confining pressure reveals bulk modulus dispersion and a corresponding dissipation peak, near 0.002 Hz only at the lowest effective pressure (2.5 MPa)—attributed to the transition with increasing frequency from the drained to saturated‐isobaric regime. The observations are consistent with Biot‐Gassmann's theory, with dispersion and dissipation adequately represented by Zener model. Above the draining frequency, axial forced‐oscillation tests show dispersion of Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio, and an associated broad dissipation peak centered near 0.3 Hz, thought to reflect local “squirt” flow and adequately modeled with a continuous distribution of relaxation times over two decades. Observations of Young's and shear moduli dispersion and dissipation from complementary flexural and torsional oscillation measurements for differential pressure ≤10 MPa provide supporting evidence of the transition with increasing frequency from the saturated‐isobaric to the saturated‐isolated regime—also probed by ultrasonic technique. These findings validate predictions from theoretical models of dispersion in cracked media and emphasize need for caution in the seismological application of laboratory ultrasonic data for cracked media.
Impact of Rapid‐Scan‐Based Dynamical Information From GOES‐16 on HWRF Hurricane Forecasts
Authors: Li Jinlong , Li Jun , Velden Christopher , Wang Pei , Schmit Timothy J. , Sippel Jason 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObservations of dynamical information in the upper levels of tropical cyclones at high spatiotemporal resolutions are rare but very important to the analysis and prediction of the storm evolution and landfall impacts. These observations are now becoming routinely available from the new generation of geostationary weather satellites. Understanding and optimizing the utilization of that information in numerical weather prediction models is a vital step toward simulating tropical cyclone behavior and improving forecasts. The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) onboard GOES‐16 is providing high spatial and temporal resolution images that can be targeted on North Atlantic tropical cyclones. In addition to a full‐disk scan every 10 min and a CONUS scan every 5 min, the ABI also has a flexible “mesoscale scan” mode featuring limited moving domains at 1‐min intervals. The mesosector can focus on a targeted storm center with a 10°×10° domain coverage that follows the storm movement. Using this 1‐min ABI imagery to track cloud motions, automated algorithms have been developed to produce enhanced, high‐resolution atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) during a targeted tropical cyclone event. These high spatiotemporal AMVs represent estimates of the wind field around the storm and can provide critical dynamical information on the targeted storm and its near environment. This information can help improve the representation of the initialized vortex in numerical model analyses. To study the impact of the enhanced AMV observations on numerical weather prediction, the Hurricane Weather Research Forecast (HWRF) model is used in a series of assimilation and forecast experiments. Three destructive Atlantic hurricane cases from 2017, Harvey, Irma, and Maria, are chosen as case studies. The results show that the assimilation of the enhanced AMVs from GOES‐16 consistently improves the HWRF hurricane track and size forecasts, and have mixed impacts on intensity forecasts. These results augment previously published studies on optimizing the quantitative use of new generation geostationary satellite rapid‐scan observations for improving high impact weather forecasts.