bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-specific associations of blood pressure variability with cardiovascular disease and mortality: 10-year Diabetes cohort study
Authors: WAN Eric Yuk Fai , Yu Esther Yee Tak , Chin Weng Yee , Barrett Jessica K. , Wong Ian Chi Kei , Chan Esther Wai Yin , Chui Celine Sze Ling , Chen Shiqi , Lam Cindy Lo Kuen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: This study evaluated the age-specific association of systolic blood pressure variability with cardiovascular disease and mortality in Type-2 diabetic patients. The detrimental effects of increased systolic blood pressure variability on cardiovascular disease and mortality risk in diabetic patients remains unclear. Methods: A retrospective cohort study investigated 155,982 diabetic patients aged from 45 to 84 years old without prior history of cardiovascular disease at baseline from 2008 to 2010). systolic blood pressure variability was estimated using systolic blood pressure standard deviation from mixed effects model to reduce regression dilution bias. Age-specific associations (45-54; 55-64; 65-74; 75-84 years) between systolic blood pressure variability, cardiovascular disease and mortality risk were assessed by Cox regression adjusted for patient characteristics with subgroups stratified by subject baseline characteristics. Results: After a median follow-up of 9.7 years (16.4 million person-years), 49,816 events (including 34,039 events with and 29,211 mortalities) were identified. Elevated and independent systolic blood pressure variability was positively and log-linearly associated with higher risk on cardiovascular disease and mortality among all age groups, without evidence of a specific threshold. The cardiovascular disease and mortality risk per 5mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure variability within 45-54 years age group is over three times higher than the 70-79 years age group [Hazard Ratio: 1.66 (1.49, 1.85) vs. Hazard Ratio: 1.19 (1.15, 1.23)]. The significant associations remained consistent among all subgroups. Patients with younger age, lower systolic blood pressure and comorbidity with more types of anti-hypertensive prescription drug users had higher hazard ratios. Conclusions: The findings suggest that systolic blood pressure variability was strongly associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality risk without evidence of a specific threshold in diabetic population. In addition to optimize blood pressure control, the systolic blood pressure variability particularly for younger patients should be monitored and evaluated in routine practice.
Impact of plasma omentin levels on glucose metabolic disorders and early stage of endothelial dysfunction in elderly patients
Authors: YE DONG DONG , Liang Wei , Su Zhengjia , Pan Wenqi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction is a critical and initiating factor in the genesis of diabetic vascular complications. Omentin exerts direct influence on glucose metabolic disorders and vascular dysfunction. But the association between omentin and cardiovascular events reported by recent studies are paradoxical. Thus, we intend to investigate the relationship between omentin and vascular function in patients with different glucose metabolism states.Methods: A total of 162 elderly patients were stratified into three groups by the status of glucose tolerance test [normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose regulation (IGR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)]. All participants underwent complete clinical work-up. Fasting blood samples were collected for biochemical measurement. Circulating omentin, adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function were evaluated by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and nitrate-mediated dilation test (NMD) respectively.Results: Circulating omentin levels were lower in IGR group compared with NGT and were lowest in individuals with T2DM group (P=0.004). FMD has a significant and negative association with systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin and interleukin-6 (IL-6), while have a positive relationship with log (omentin) by bivariate correlation analysis in all subjects. After adjusting for traditional cardiovascular factors, log (omentin) was independent related factor that influenced FMD (β=-0.346，P=0.01) in IGR subjects, but not in the subgroups NGT and T2DM.Conclusions: A decreased omentin levels had been suggested to be a biomarker of glucose metabolic disorders and potentially cardiovascular risk. Higher circulating omentin level are independent determining factors for endothelial dysfunction in impaired glucose regulation (IGR) subjects suggesting and may be a compensatory mechanism for early diabetic vascular injury. which suggest omentin may act as potential markers for assessing endothelial dysfunction and identifying high risk of cardiovascular complications among asymptomatic prediabetic individuals.
Minocycline-Modified Pure Titanium Has Good Antibacterial Properties and Improves the Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Stem Cells
Authors: Zhang Yancong , Dou Linbo , Zhang Fenghe 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : The development of an ideal implant material with appropriate antibacterial properties and that improves osteogenesis is essential for the guidance of new bone formation in orthopedic and tooth implant surgeries. In this study, we developed minocycline-modified pure titanium. Methods: We exploited the chemistry of polydopamine (PD) for the coating of minocycline. PD was coated on pure titanium, on which minocycline was subsequently immobilized under certain conditions. Minocycline coating was verified by characterizing the surface chemical composition of the coated Ti sheet and was quantitatively measured by fluorescamine assay. Results: The minocycline-coated pure titanium showed a lower bacterial adhesion rate and supported the spread of the osteogenesis differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). A remarkable increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition was found when hMSCs were cultured on minocycline-coated pure titanium for 28 days. Conclusions: The minocycline-coated pure titanium may be optimized as clinically applicable bioactive materials for implant and bone materials.
Microbial symbiosis and coevolution of an entire clade of ancient vertebrates: the gut microbiota of sea turtles and its relationship to their phylogenetic history
Authors: Scheelings Titus , Moore Robert J. , Van Thi Thu Hao , Klaassen Marcel , Reina Richard D. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The microbiota plays a critical role in host homeostasis and has been shown to be a major driving force in host evolution. However, our understanding of these important relationships is hampered by a lack of data for many species, and by significant gaps in sampling of the evolutionary tree. In this investigation we improve our understanding of the host-microbiome relationship by obtaining samples from all seven extant species of sea turtle, and correlate microbial compositions with host evolutionary history.Results: Our analysis shows that the predominate phyla in the microbiota of nesting sea turtles was Proteobacteria. We also demonstrate a strong relationship between the bacterial phyla SR1 and sea turtle phylogeny, and that sea turtle microbiotas have changed very slowly over time in accordance with their similarly slow phenotypic changes.Conclusions: This is one of the most comprehensive microbiota studies to have been performed in a single clade of animals and further improves our knowledge of how microbial populations have influenced vertebrate evolution.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive status disclosure to a sexual partner and its determinant factors in Ethiopia. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Yehualashet Fikadu Ambaw , Tegegne Eleni Tesfaye , Tessema Mekbib Kassa , Endeshaw Mulualem 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Disclosure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive status significantly reduced the transmission of HIV; yet, it remains a challenge for many HIV patients. Disclosure serves plays a crucial role to raise awareness and to reduce risky behaviors. Hence, this study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence and effect sizes of determinant factors of HIV positive status disclosure through a systematic review and meta-analysis of the results of the existing primary studies in Ethiopia. Method: This systematic review and meta-analysis was aimed to determine prevalence of HIV positive status disclosure and associated factors by considering and searching published primary articles from different sources. A sensitivity test was conducted to evaluate the presence of influential studies. Besides, the heterogeneity test has been conducted; and publication bias was examined through observing the funnel plot as well as objectively by interpreting the Egger’s regression test. Following the Egger’s regression test, P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant at 95% Confidence Interval. Result: A total of 18 primary studies were searched from different data sources. The overall pooled prevalence of HIV positive status disclosure among adult PLWHA in Ethiopia was indicated to be 75.95% (95% CI:69.93-81.98); the highest and lowest pooled estimated HIV status disclosure was in Amhara (82.78%) and Tigray (54.31%) regions respectively. Furthermore, Knowing the HIV positive status of sexual partner, AOR=19.66(95% CI: 10.19-37.91), having prior discussion about HIV testing with their partner, AOR=9.18(95% CI: 5.53-15.24), got Human Immunodeficiency Virus pretest counseling service AOR=4.29(95% CI: 2.56-7.21) and being a member of HIV/AIDS associations, AOR=3.34(95% CI: 2.17-5.12), were significantly associated with HIV positive status disclosure among People living With HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia.Conclusion: The pooled national estimate of HIV/AIDS positive status disclosure is low as compared to the WHO disclosure rate of developing countries and the findings of other national and international studies. Ministry of health and other stakeholders shall design new approaches and strategies to encourage disclosure of HIV status, educate the public about the negative impact of nondisclosure within family members. Health care providers working at Human HIV test centers shall emphasis extensive counseling on disclosure of status to a partner. Moreover, different stakeholders, health workers and community members shall establish, organize, and support HIV/AIDS Associations and motivate HIV positive people to be engaged and participated.
Well Neonate Due For Discharge In Low Resource Setting Must Be Screened For Significant Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Carolyn Nasuna , Abdallah Yaser , Charles Karamagi , Jamiru Mugalu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Due to inadequacy of postnatal care in low resource settings, neonates with significant hyperbilirubinemia are likely to be discharged home only to develop complications of hyperbilirubinemia. Objective: To determine the prevalence of significant hyperbilirubinemia among well neonates due for discharged, factors associated with it and performance of transcutaneous bilirubin (TCB) compared to visual inspection in identifying these neonates.Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study involving 235 neonates in the postnatal ward of Mulago Hospital. Relevant data were captured. Neonates with significant hyperbilirubinemia were referred for treatment. Data was entered in to Epi-data version 3.0 then exported to STAT 14.0 software and analyzed. P-value of <0.05 was considered significant with confidence interval of 95%.Results: Thirty two (13.6%) participants had significant hyperbilirubinemia and 3 (1.3%) were above exchange transfusion threshold. Eleven (34.3%) of these neonates had ABO/Rhesus discordancy and eight (25%) had high CRP. Significant hyperbilirubinemia was independently associated with CRP ≥ 10mg/dl (AOR 3.96, CI 1.23-12.73, p 0.021), ABO discordance (AOR 3.67, CI 1.28-10.49, p 0.015), jaundice in previous baby (AOR 3.565, CI 1.10-11.51, p 0.034) and Time of initiation of feeds > 1 hour (AOR 2.74, CI 1.10-6.90, p 0.007). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of TCB were 96.5%, 84.6%, 47.5% and 99.4% respectively compared to 31.2%, 98.5%, 76.9% and 90% respectively for visual assessment.Conclusions: Well neonates prior to discharge must be screened for significant hyperbilirubinemia preferably using transcutaneous bilirubinometer. Early initiation of feeding should be promoted. Screening for sepsis in neonates with significant hyperbilirubinemia should be emphasized.
Inhibition of Hypertrophy and Improving Chondrocyte Differentiation by MMP-13 Inhibitor Small Molecule-Encapsulated in Alginate-Chondroitin Sulfate-Platelet Lysate Hydrogel
Authors: Jahangir Shahrbanoo , Eglin David , Pötter Naomi , Ravari Mojtaba Khozaei , Stoddart Martin , Samadikuchaksaraei Ali , Alini Mauro , Eslaminejad Mohammadreza Baghaban , Safa Majid 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells are a promising cell source for chondrogenic differentiation and have been widely used in several preclinical and clinical studies. However, they are prone to an unwanted differentiation process towards hypertrophy that limits their therapeutic efficacy. Matrix Metallopeptidase 13 (MMP-13) is a well-known factor regulated during this undesirable event. MMP-13 is a collagen degrading enzyme, which is also highly expressed in the hypertrophic zone of the growth plate and in OA cartilage. Accordingly, we investigated the effect of MMP-13 inhibition on MSC hypertrophy. Methods In this study, 5-bromoindole-2-carboxylic acid (BICA) was used as an inhibitory agent for MMP-13 expression. After identifying its optimal concentration, BICA was mixed into a hydrogel and the release rate was studied. To prepare the ideal hydrogel, chondroitin sulfate (CS) and platelet lysate (PL) were mixed with sodium alginate (Alg) at concentrations selected based on synergistic mechanical and rheometric properties. Then, four hydrogels were prepared by combining alginate (1.5%w/v), and/or CS (1%w/v) and/or PL (20%v/v). The chondrogenic potential and progression to hypertrophy of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hBM-MSC) loaded hydrogels were investigated under free swelling and mechanical loading conditions, in the presence and absence of BICA. Results Viability of hBM-MSCs seeded in the four hydrogels was similar. qRT-PCR revealed that BICA could successfully inhibit MMP-13 expression, which led to an inhibition of Coll X and induction of Coll-II, in both free swelling and loading conditions. The GAG deposition was higher in the group combining BICA and mechanical stimulation. Conclusions It is concluded that BICA inhibition of MMP-13 reduces MSC hypertrophy during chondrogenesis.
Time trends in adolescent mental well-being in Czechia between 2002 and 2018: Gender, age and socio-economic differences
Authors: Cosma Alina , Költő András , Badura Petr , Winkler Petr , Kalman Michal 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Recent literature points to a decline over time in adolescent mental well-being but results are inconsistent and rely mainly on data from Western societies. This study investigates time trends in adolescent mental well-being (psychological and somatic complaints, life satisfaction) among Czech adolescents and explores whether these time trends are moderated by gender, age and socio-economic status. Methods: Nationally representative data from 29,378 Czech adolescents (50.8% girls, M age = 13.43; SD age = 1.65) across five Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) surveys (2002, 2006, 2010, 2014, and 2018) were included in the analyses. Hierarchical regression models estimated national trends in adolescent mental well-being. We also tested whether these trends vary between girls and boys, adolescents of different age and from different socio-economic backgrounds. Results: Across the quadrennial surveys from 2002 to 2018, an increase in the psychological complaints was observed. Life satisfaction decreased over time up to 2014 only, whereas somatic symptoms increased until 2010, followed by a decline in 2014 and 2018. Girls, older adolescents and those from low family affluence reported poorer mental well-being outcomes. Gender gap increased over time for psychological complaints and life satisfaction. Socio-economic inequalities gap in adolescent mental well-being remained stable over the investigated timeframe. Conclusions: Our findings do not provide evidence for substantial temporal changes in mental well-being among adolescents in Czechia. Yet, only the increase in psychological complaints has been consistent which is an indicator of a decline over time in adolescent mental well-being. Furthermore, the gender gap in reporting psychological complaints and life satisfaction increased over time, whereas the age and socio-economic differences remained relatively stable. This calls for the attention of public health professionals and policy makers from Czechia. Keywords: Adolescence; mental health; mental well-being; well-being; gender; trends; age; socio-economic status; HBSC
Considerations for the design of nutrition-sensitive production programmes in rural South Africa
Authors: Hendriks Sheryl L , Viljoen Annemarie , Marais Diana , Wenhold Friede AM , McIntyre Angela M , Ngidi Mjabuliseni S , Annandale John G , Kalaba MMatlou , Stewart Duncan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Amidst conflicting narratives in development circles regarding the drive for nutrition-sensitive agriculture and the displacement of household production by supermarket penetration into deep rural areas, little is documented about the design of nutrition-sensitive agricultural programmes in the context of changing food systems. This is the first comparative assessment of the production and consumption patterns of South Africa’s poorest rural households. The study set out to identify programme elements necessary to improve nutrition outcomes. The poorest communities in four provinces were identified and surveyed using an extensive production and consumption survey. The survey was conducted in summer and winter for each community to capture seasonal differences. A total of 278 households were interviewed in summer and 280 in winter at the four sites. Even though most foods were purchased, crop production (beyond maize production) improved dietary diversity but selling produce and the use of irrigation had led to a stronger improvement. Seasonality affected availability of fresh fruit and vegetables for home consumption in winter, compromising nutrition. This shows a more positive influence of cropping on the consumption of fruit and vegetables in winter than in summer. This result was not expected, as the number of crops that can produce edible portions in winter is rather limited. Some crops such as beans are produced in summer and preserved (dried) for consumption in winter. The cultural preference is for dried beans rather than fresh green beans. Crops such as pumpkin and butternut are also stored for consumption later. Another explanation may be that savings from consumption in summer were used to purchasing these foods in winter, post-harvest. This was certainly true for households engaged in farmland cultivation (larger scale production) where consumption patterns improved in winter, post-harvesting of the main crops. However, farmland cultivation was only carried out under irrigated conditions. The study contributes knowledge about the impact of food-based approaches on the diets of populations at risk of hunger and food insecurity. Research and extension should focus on improving year-round availability and affordability of nutrient-dense foods that can grow in specific rural communities.
18 F-FDG-PET/CT assessment of Takayasu arteritis and effect of time-of-flight reconstruction: an observational study
Authors: yanai shuichi , tsuchiya junichi , taura shinichi , tateishi ukihide 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background To assess the impact of time-of-flight (TOF) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction on assessment of Takayasu arteritis (TKA). We reviewed 14 patients (15 cases) who underwent TOF-PET/CT. PET images were reconstructed using ordered-subsets expectation maximisation ± TOF. Uptake in 10 vascular regions was assessed using the four-point visual grading system (3, higher than liver uptake; 0, no uptake). The grades in the TOF-PET/CT and non-TOF-PET/CT groups were compared using the sign test. Relationships between visual grade and arterial FDG uptake pattern in the 10 regions and clinical findings were assessed. Results Except for the highest visual grade, the visual grades in all regions were significantly higher in the TOF-PET/CT group (p=0.003). FDG uptake pattern and region were not significant determinants of the effect of TOF reconstruction. Assessment of disease activity was inconsistent between the groups in 6 (4%) of 150 regions when grade 2/3 was defined as active and in 5 (3.3%) of 150 when grade 3 was defined as active. Conclusions Visual grades were significantly higher in all regions when assessed by TOF-PET/CT. Use of the same reconstruction algorithm before and after treatment is recommended when evaluating the response to treatment.
Disruption of urine metabolome and its interaction with gut microbiome by low-dose exposure of glyphosate-based herbicide in a rodent model
Authors: Hu Jianzhong , Lesseur Corina , Yu Miao , Manservisi Fabiana , Panzacchi Simona , Mandrioli Daniele , Belpoggi Fiorella , Chen Jia , Petrick Lauren 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGlyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) have previously been considered safe to humans. However, emerging evidence indicates that GBHs can disrupt the host microbiota and influence human health. To build upon our previous findings of gut dysbiosis and other adverse health effects resulting from low-dose exposure of GBHs (glyphosate and Roundup) in Sprague-Dawley rats, in particular pups during early development, we explore potential effects of GBHs on urinary metabolites and their interactions with gut microbiome in the same animal model.MethodsGlyphosate and Roundup (equal molar for glyphosate) were administered in drinking water at the USA glyphosate ADI guideline (1.75mg/kg bw/day) to the dams (F0) starting from the gestational day (GD) 6 through the life-course of both dams and their pups (F1) (males and females). Urine samples were collected from F0 dams after pups’ weaning and F1 pups at PND 70 and 125. The urine metabolites of 61 urine samples (14 from F0 dams and 30 from F1 pups) were profiled using non-targeted liquid chromatography – high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). We further used supervised clustering analyses combined with random forest feature selection to evaluate differences in urine metabolome profiles between experimental groups.ResultsOverall urine metabolite profiles significantly differed between dams and pups and between female and male pups. When pups were stratified by sexes, Roundup and glyphosate exposure resulted in significant and distinctive changes in metabolite profiles. Specifically, both supervised clustering analysis and random forest feature selection methods identified a significant increase of homocysteine, a known risk factor of cardiovascular disease in both Roundup and glyphosate exposed pups, but in males only. Correlation network analysis between gut microbiome and urine metabolome pointed to Prevotella, a commensal genus with higher loading in male pups, to be negatively correlated with the level of homocysteine.ConclusionsThis study provides initial evidence that exposures to commonly used GBH, at a currently acceptable human exposure dose, is capable of modifying the urine metabolites in both rat adults and pups. The strong link between Prevotella-Homocysteine suggests the potential role of GBHs in modifying the susceptibility of homocysteine related diseases like cardiovascular disease or inflammation through commensal microbiome.