bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of pre‐operative circulating inflammatory cytokines with restenosis and rapid angiographic stenotic progression risk in coronary artery disease patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with drug‐eluting stents
Authors: Sun Jinling , Yu Hui , Liu Haining , Pu Dongyu , Gao Junhui , Jin Xiaodong , Liu Xiqiang , Yan Aiguo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the associations of common inflammatory cytokine levels with restenosis and rapid angiographic stenotic progression (RASP) risk in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug‐eluting stents (DES).MethodsTwo hundred and ten CAD patients underwent PCI with DES were consecutively recruited, then pre‐operative serum levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐17A, IL‐21, and IL‐23 were determined by ELISA. The 12‐month in‐stent restenosis and RASP of non‐intervened lesion were assessed by quantitative coronary angiography analysis.ResultsThe pre‐operative TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐17A, and IL‐23 expressions were increased while IL‐4 expression was decreased in restenosis patients compared with non‐restenosis patients. Further analysis revealed that IL‐6, IL‐8, hypercholesteremia, diabetes mellitus, and HsCRP could independently predict restenosis risk, and subsequent ROC curve revealed that their combination was able to differentiate restenosis patients from non‐restenosis patients with an AUC of 0.951 (95%CI: 0.925‐0.978). Meanwhile, the pre‐operative TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐17A, IL‐21, and IL‐23 expressions were increased whereas IL‐4 level was decreased in RASP patients compared with non‐RASP patients. Further analysis revealed that TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐23, hypercholesteremia, SUA, HsCRP, and multivessel artery lesions could independently predict RASP risk, and subsequent ROC curve disclosed that their combination could discriminate RASP patients from non‐RASP patients with an AUC of 0.886 (95%CI: 0.841‐0.931).ConclusionsThis study unveils the potentiality of pre‐operative circulating inflammatory cytokines as markers for predicting restenosis and RASP risk in CAD patients underwent PCI with DES.
From victims to citizens: Emerging activist identities in the anti‐fracking movement in Bulgaria
Authors: Mihaylov Nikolay L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimsThe anti‐fracking movement in Bulgaria, 2011–2013, was a successful grassroots effort to influence national environmental policy. The study draws on social movements and community psychology scholarship to investigate the emergence, development, and implications of activist identities as an important force for the movement's success.MethodsWithin a qualitative design, data were collected from interviews with activists, observations of organizing events, movement documents, and media publications. Structured and open coding followed by qualitative analyses produced descriptions and explanations of the construction and use of identities in the movement.ResultsFour major identities emerged in social and discursive interactions among activists and between activists and contextual forces: Victims, Bulgarians, Nature‐protectors, and Citizens. The four identities were used interchangeably and afforded differential empowerment and opportunities for participation in policy‐making.ConclusionThe emerging activist identities were processes and products of the complex relationships between agency and context. The study contributes in illuminating the links between policy context, empowerment, participation, and political action.
Recovery home networks as social capital
Authors: Jason Leonard A. , Guerrero Mayra , Lynch Gabrielle , Stevens Ed , Salomon‐Amend Meghan , Light John M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEnsuring recovery home residents’ social integration into a home environment is important for preventing early dropout and facilitating sustained recovery. Social capital theory may provide an explanation for how recovery homes may protect residents and improve recovery rates. However, little is known about how social capital in recovery home environments is structured and accessed. Recovery homes may increase social capital by sharing bonds through friendships, lending money, and advice‐seeking. The current study describes social network cross sectional data obtained from a study of 42 Oxford House recovery homes, in three locations in the US (North Carolina, Texas, and Oregon). The residents rated each member of their house on the dimensions of friendship, money loaning, and advice seeking to assess how each resident views one another on these dimensions. The research used baseline data from a larger longitudinal study, and although some data were presented for the full sample (APL, isolates, mean reciprocity and density), the results primarily focused on case studies for three of the participating Oxford Houses—with examples of low, median, and high “connected” houses respectively. Standard measures of network structures were calculated for each home. Although all Oxford Houses follow the same house rules, they were found to vary in network structure. Findings indicated a considerable range of interconnectedness among residents in these houses, with friendship being the most common relationship, willingness to lend money less common, and advice‐seeking the least common. The findings on friendship, willingness to lend, and advice‐seeking provide promising leads about what occurs among the social networks within these complex eco‐systems, and may provide ways to better understand and facilitate resident social integration into these settings.
Understanding and improving the experience of claiming social security for mental health problems in the west of Scotland: A participatory social welfare study
Authors: Ploetner Caroline , Telford Morgan , Brækkan Karina , Mullen Kenneth , Turnbull Sue , Gumley Andrew , Allan Stephanie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA growing body of literature links claimant interactions with the UK social security system and negative psychological consequences. Psychologists for social change developed a framework to outline proposed mechanisms of psychological impact from austerity. This codesigned study aimed to make an informed comment on areas of dis(agreement) between the Austerity Ailments framework and how people claiming for mental health problems describe their own experiences. In line with the participatory social welfare design of the study, qualitative analysis was performed by both claimants and academics. The overall findings indicate that existing framework mostly captured claimant experiences. However, some aspects of the claimant experience (particularly social aspects) were not well captured. Claimants were keen to utilise this study as an opportunity to gather claimant ideas on how to improve the system. Therefore, we report their suggestions that may be useful for those designing and improving social welfare systems
Regulation of TRPM8 channel activity by Src‐mediated tyrosine phosphorylation
Authors: Manolache Alexandra , Selescu Tudor , Maier G. Larisa , Mentel Mihaela , Ionescu Aura Elena , Neacsu Cristian , Babes Alexandru , Szedlacsek Stefan Eugen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe transient receptor potential melastatin type 8 (TRPM8) receptor channel is expressed in primary afferent neurons where it is the main transducer of innocuous cold temperatures and also in a variety of tumors, where it is involved in progression and metastasis. Modulation of this channel by intracellular signaling pathways has therefore important clinical implications. We investigated the modulation of recombinant and natively expressed TRPM8 by the Src kinase, which is known to be involved in cancer pathophysiology and inflammation. Human TRPM8 expressed in HEK293T cells is constitutively tyrosine phosphorylated by Src which is expressed either heterologously or endogenously. Src action on TRPM8 potentiates its activity, as treatment with PP2, a selective Src kinase inhibitor, reduces both TRPM8 tyrosine phosphorylation and cold‐induced channel activation. RNA interference directed against the Src kinase diminished the extent of PP2‐induced functional downregulation of TRPM8, confirming that PP2 acts mainly through Src inhibition. Finally, the effect of PP2 on TRPM8 cold activation was reproduced in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, and this action was antagonized by the protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor pervanadate, confirming that TRPM8 activity is sensitive to the cellular balance between tyrosine kinases and phosphatases. This positive modulation of TRPM8 by Src kinase may be relevant for inflammatory pain and cancer signaling.
Effect of Levetiracetam on Time to High‐Dose Methotrexate Clearance in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Lou Uvette , Kwok Jamie , Nguyen Thu Anne , Zhou Allen , Luk Samantha O. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHigh‐dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is a commonly used treatment for hematologic malignancies involving the central nervous system. Two case reports described possible delayed methotrexate clearance in patients receiving concurrent levetiracetam, while a retrospective cohort study did not find this association. The objective of this single‐center, retrospective case‐control study of 121 patients who received their first cycle of HDMTX was to investigate the association between HDMTX clearance time and concomitant levetiracetam use. The most common diagnosis was primary central nervous system lymphoma (47.9%). The mean HDMTX dose was 4601 mg/m2 (standard deviation [SD], 2052.6 mg/m2). Concurrent levetiracetam was administered in 30 of 121 patients (24.8%), with a mean total daily levetiracetam dose of 1434.4 mg (SD, 622.9 mg; range, 900‐3000 mg). Baseline characteristics were similar between patients who received concomitant levetiracetam and those who did not. The mean time to methotrexate clearance was 82.5 hours (SD, 51.2; 95% confidence interval, 69.4‐95.7) in the concomitant levetiracetam group and 72.4 hours (SD, 31.2; 95% confidence interval, 61.7‐83.0) in the nonlevetiracetam group, which was not significantly different (P > .05), even in the subgroup receiving methotrexate doses >3500 mg/m2. Grade 3 or higher toxicity occurred in 33.3% of the concomitant levetiracetam group and in 34.1% of nonconcomitant levetiracetam patients. This study, which, to our knowledge, is the first examining levetiracetam effect on only the first dose of HDMTX, supports the larger retrospective study finding no significant effect of levetiracetam on HDMTX clearance time, and suggests that administering concomitant levetiracetam does not affect HDMTX toxicity.
The effects of intrinsic and extrinsic acids on nanofilled and bulk fill resin composites: Roughness, surface hardness, and scanning electron microscopy analysis
Authors: Alencar Milena F. , Pereira Mirella T. , De‐Moraes Maria D. R. , Santiago Sérgio L. , Passos Vanara F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to examine the effects of extrinsic or intrinsic acids on nanofilled and bulk fill resin materials in vitro. A total of 90 disks were prepared using dental restorative material (Filtek Z350XT, GrandioSO, Filtek Bulk Fill, X‐tra fil). Thirty disks of each material were sub‐divided into three groups (n = 10) that were immersed for 7 days in deionized water (DW), 5% citric acid (CA—pH 2.1), or 0.1% hydrochloric acid (HCl—pH = 1.2). Surface hardness and roughness (stylus profilometer by Ra parameter) analysis were performed before and after immersion. Morphological changes were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The data were analyzed by two‐way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). All tested materials did not show significant differences in the effects of the DW, CA, or HCl solutions on surface roughness (p = .368). Likewise, the hardness loss was not affected by the solutions tested (p = .646), but there was a difference in the resin type (p = .002). Filtek Bulk Fill resin hardness was less affected, while Filtek Z350XT and GrandioSO presented the most hardness loss after 7 days of solution immersion. In terms of this experimental study, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the mechanical properties (roughness and hardness surface) of nanofilled and bulk fill resin materials to resist erosion from extrinsic and intrinsic acids, therefore being potential candidates for dental applications.
What impact could DMPA use have had in South Africa and how might its continued use affect the future of the HIV epidemic?
Authors: Beacroft Leo , Smith Jennifer A , Hallett Timothy B 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionSome studies suggest that use of the injectable contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) may increase susceptibility to HIV infection. We aim to determine the influence that such an association could have had on the HIV epidemic in South Africa.MethodsWe simulate the heterosexual adult HIV epidemic in South Africa using a compartmental model stratified by age, behavioural risk group, sex, male circumcision status and contraceptive use. We model two possible scenarios: (1) The “With Effect” scenario assumes that DMPA increases susceptibility to HIV infection by 1.20‐fold (95% confidence interval 1.06 to 1.36) based on a combination of the results of a recent randomised controlled trial (ECHO trial) and a number of observational studies. (2) The “No Effect” scenario assumes that DMPA has no effect on HIV acquisition risk. We calculate the difference in HIV‐related outcomes between the With Effect and No Effect scenarios to determine the potential impact that DMPA use could have had on the HIV epidemic.ResultsA causal association between DMPA and HIV acquisition could have caused 430,000 (90% of model runs 160,000 to 960,000) excess HIV infections and 230,000 (90,000 to 470,000) AIDS deaths in South Africa from 1980 to 2017. These figures represent 4.3% (1.6% to 9.6%) and 6.9% (2.6% to 15.2%) of the total modelled estimates of HIV infections and AIDS deaths respectively in South Africa in that period. Of the additional infections, 36% (25% to 48%) would have occurred among men. If DMPA use continues at current levels, a potential causal association could cause an additional 130,000 (50,000 to 270,000) infections between 2018 and 2037. The excess infections would have required an additional 640,000 (190,000 to 1,660,000) years of ART from 1980 to 2017, and a further 2,870,000 (890,000 to 7,270,000) years of ART from 2018 to 2037.ConclusionsIf there is a causal association between DMPA use and HIV risk, it could have substantially increased the scale of the HIV epidemic in South Africa, affecting not only the users of DMPA, but also their partners and the wider population. The magnitude of this potential effect demands careful data collection and a careful consideration of policy choices for contraception in settings with large HIV epidemics.
Genetic association of polymorphisms at the intergenic region between PRDM1 and ATG5 with hepatitis B virus infection in Han Chinese patients
Authors: Li Na , Fan Xiude , Wang Xiaoyun , Zhang Xiaoge , Zhang Kun , Han Qunying , Lv Yi , Liu Zhengwen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is related to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the interplay between the virus and host immune response leads to different outcomes of the infection. PR domain zinc finger protein 1 (PRDM1) and autophagy‐related protein 5 (ATG5) are involved in immune response and HBV infection. An intergenic region between PRDM1 and ATG5 (PRDM1‐ATG5 region) has been identified, and single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in this region were shown to be involved in immune regulation. This study investigated the functionally relevant rs548234, rs6937876, and rs6568431 polymorphisms at the PRDM1‐ATG5 region in a Han Chinese population (403 patients with chronic HBV infection [171 chronic hepatitis, 119 cirrhosis, and 113 HCC], 70 infection resolvers, and 196 healthy controls). The frequencies of the rs6568431 allele A in HBV patients (P = .005) and genotype CA in infection resolvers (P = .005) were significantly higher than in healthy controls. In the dominant model, HCC patients had significantly higher frequencies of rs548234 genotypes CC + TC than cirrhosis patients (P = .009). Rs548234 was an independent factor for HCC in comparison with either cirrhosis (P = .005) or all chronic HBV infection without HCC (P = .018). Functional annotation showed evidence of the role of the SNPs in gene regulation. In conclusion, through this study it is revealed for the first time that rs6568431 may be associated with susceptibility to HBV infection and that rs548234 may be associated with HCC risk in chronic HBV infection, supporting the presence of HBV‐related disease‐causing regulatory polymorphisms in the PRDM1‐ATG5 intergenic region.
A novel gate driver circuit for depletion‐mode a‐IGZO TFTs
Authors: Oh Jongsu , Jung Kyung‐Mo , Lee Jungwoo , Jung Eun Kyo , Jeon Jae‐Hong , Park KeeChan , Kim Yong‐Sang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, a novel gate driver circuit, which can achieve high reliability for depletion mode in a‐InGaZnO thin‐film transistors (TFTs), was proposed. To prevent the leakage current paths for Q node effectively, the new driving method was proposed by adopting the negative gate‐to‐source voltage (VGS) value for pull‐down units. The results showed all the VOUT voltage waveforms were maintained at VGH voltage despite depletion‐mode operation. The proposed circuit could also obtain stable VOUT voltage when the threshold voltage for all TFTs was changed from −6.5 to +11.5 V. Therefore, the circuit can achieve high reliability regardless of threshold voltage value for a‐IGZO TFTs. In addition, the output characteristics and total power consumption were shown for the alternating current (AC)–driven and direct current (DC)–driven methods based on 120‐Hz full‐HD graphics (1920 × 1080) display panel. The results showed that the AC‐driven method could achieve improved VOUT characteristics compared with DC‐driven method since the leakage current path for Q node can be completely eliminated. Although power consumption of the AC‐driven method can be slightly increased compared with the DC‐driven method for enhancement mode, consumption can be lower when the operation has depletion‐mode characteristics by preventing a leakage current path for pull‐down units. Consequently, the proposed gate driver circuit can overcome the problems caused by the characteristics of a‐IGZO TFTs.
Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum: A genomic analysis
Authors: Reynolds Ian S. , O'Connell Emer , Fichtner Michael , McNamara Deborah A. , Kay Elaine W. , Prehn Jochen H. M. , Furney Simon J. , Burke John P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMucinous adenocarcinoma is a distinct subtype of colorectal cancer (CRC) with a worse prognosis when compared with non‐mucinous adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to compare somatic mutations and copy number alteration (CNA) between mucinous and non‐mucinous CRC.MethodsData from The Cancer Genome Atlas‐colon adenocarcinoma and rectum adenocarcinoma projects were utilized. Mucinous and non‐mucinous CRC were compared with regard to microsatellite status, overall mutation rate, the most frequently mutated genes, mutations in genes coding for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins and genes coding for mucin glycoproteins. CNA analysis and pathway analysis was undertaken.ResultsMucinous CRC was more likely to be microsatellite instability‐high (MSI‐H) and hypermutated. When corrected for microsatellite status the single‐nucleotide variation and insertion‐deletion rate was similar between the two cohorts. Mucinous adenocarcinoma was more likely to have mutations in genes coding for MMR proteins and mucin glycoproteins. Pathway analysis revealed further differences between the two histological subtypes in the cell cycle, RTK‐RAS, transforming growth factor‐β, and TP53 pathways.ConclusionsMucinous CRC has some distinct genomic aberrations when compared with non‐mucinous adenocarcinoma, many of which are driven by the increased frequency of MSI‐H tumors. These genomic aberrations may play an important part in the difference seen in response to treatment and prognosis in mucinous adenocarcinoma.
Homeostatic regulation of dissolved labile organic substrates by consumption and release processes in a freshwater lake
Authors: Horňák Karel , Pernthaler Jakob 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe examined short‐term changes and spatial variability of dissolved free amino acids (DFAA) and glucose in mesotrophic Lake Zurich (Switzerland) at 2‐ to 4‐day intervals over 5 weeks during spring. Heterotrophic incorporation, consumption (“gross” uptake), and release of free leucine and glucose were assessed using isotopically labeled tracers. Glucose exhibited significantly higher consumption and release rates but a lower turnover time than leucine. The net uptake, release, and turnover time of both substrates were significantly correlated, suggesting that their microbial processing was closely coupled. Net changes of individual DFAA and glucose during dark short‐term incubations with unfiltered samples including phytoplankton were conspicuously similar, indicating that bulk heterotrophic consumption of labile substrates was nonselective and depended primarily on their availability. Changes of DFAA during incubations were significantly related to their initial concentrations. Specifically, DFAA concentrations tended to converge toward their seasonal in situ median concentrations, which likely represented the balanced state of net release vs. consumption. There was a clear difference between relatively stable compounds (glucose, leucine, arginine) and others that showed pronounced concentration changes during incubations (alanine, valine, glycine), pointing to a variable degree of uncoupling between consumption and release. Moreover, short‐term changes of DFAA concentrations in incubations were also related to their variability in replicate 5‐liter samples taken from the lake, suggesting that biological processes such as consumption and release may influence the mesoscale spatial distribution of DFAA in the epilimnion of a lake. Overall, we document the homeostatic regulation of labile dissolved substrates by varying release and consumption processes.