bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Water and Ethyl Alcohol in Cosmetics by Gas Chromatography
Authors: Gross Frederick C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A gas chromatographic technique for determining water and/or ethyl alcohol in cosmetics utilizes a relatively inert perfluorocarbon solid support coated with a high molecular weight polyethylene glycol. Methyl Cellosolve, used as solvent, is suitable for most cosmetic preparations and serves as an internal standard. Although semi-emperical, this procedure yields satisfactory results for the usual amounts of water and/or ethyl alcohol found in cosmetics. The method is recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Collaborative Study on the Analysis of Aflatoxins in Peanut Butter
Authors: Campbell A D , Funkhouser J T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A second collaborative study has been carried out on the determination of aflatoxin in peanut butter under the sponsorship of the Aflatoxin Methodology Working Group. Thirteen collaborators, representing industrial, independent, and government laboratories, analyzed twelve peanut butter samples containing known amounts of aflatoxin at levels of 10 and 110 μg/kg of peanut butter. Two samples of naturally contaminated peanut butter containing aflatoxins B1 and B2 were also analyzed. The study was designed to estimate the accuracy and precision of the method, both within laboratories and between laboratories. Some samples and collaborators were common to both this study and an international study sponsored by the IUPAC Results of the two studies have been compared. The method was recommended for adoption as official, first action.
Classification of Contents of Self-Pressurized Containers by Flammability Hazards
Authors: FM mcxerney C , Keppel George E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Studies were conducted to classify the flammability hazards of products marketed in self-pressurized containers for household use, and results indicate that these products can be classified as extremely flammable and flammable by flame extension and cloth ignition tests. It is recommended that the study be continvied.
Oscillopolarographic Analysis of Morestan® Residues in Valencia Orange Rind Following Thin Layer Chromatography
Authors: Hearth Fred E , Ott Daniel E , Gunther Francis A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A new method combining oscillopolarography and thin layer chromatography is described for the microdetermination of residual Morestan in Valencia orange rind; 0.5 ppm is readily detectable, but accurate quantitation is difficult below 1.0 ppm. Data obtained by this method are comparable to those from a colorimetric method.
Determination of Ascorbic Acid in the Presence of Ferrous and Stannous Salts
Authors: Pelletier O , Morrison A B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Ferrous and stannous ions in the presence of traces of the oxalic acid found in canned fruit juices and drinks interfere with 2,6-dichlorophenol - itidophenol titration of ascorbic acid in various media. A method is presented in which these ions, in buffered solution, are oxidized by air and chelated with EDTA before ascorbic acid is determined by titration. The method has given accurate results in samples containing ferrous and stannous ions.
Extraction, Cleanup, and Gas Chromatographic Determination of BHA and BHT in Fats and Oils
Authors: Schwien William G , Miller Bob J , Conroy Harry W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In preparing samples for analysis of antioxidants in fats and oils, melted fat and/or oil is mixed with Celite, blended with acetonitrile, and the acetonitrile is extracted with mixed ethers. The mixed ethers are evaporated, and the oily residue is incorporated with alumina acid. The alumina mixture is placed in a chromatographic column and eluted with aqueous methanol, and the methanolic eluate is extracted into mixed ethers. The ether extract is clean enough for TLC as well as GLC determinations. Recoveries from tallow, lard, and corn oil spiked at 16.7 and 66.7 ppm with BHA and BHT ranged from 80 to 95% for BHA and 91 to 115% for BHT.
Determination of Phenothiazine and Several of its Derivatives by Gas-Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Bramlett C L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Phenothiazine, promethazine.HCl, chlorpromazine. HCl, promazine.HCl, and levomepromazine. HCl were chromatographed satisfactorily on a column containing 5% Apiezon L coated on Anakrom ABS, 100/110 mesh, using a hydrogen-flame ionization detector. This gas chromatographic technique is rapid and more specific than existing official methods. The use of an internal standard to improve precision will be investigated.
Gas Chromatographic Determination of Trace Amounts of the Insect Chemosterilants Tepa, Metepa, Methiotepa, Hempa, and Apholate and the Analysis of Tepa in Insect Tissue
Authors: Bowman Malcolm C , Beroza Morton 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A gas chromatographic method, sensitive to as little as 0.1 nanogram, was devised for analysis of the insect chemosterilants tepa, metepa, methiotepa, hempa, and apholate. The method is needed to monitor amounts and persistence of chemosterilant in treated insects. The procedure uses a flame-photometric detector. Response is linear (phosphorus analysis) between 0.1 and at least 200 ng. The procedure was shown to be directly applicable to analysis of methanol extracts of insects fed tepa. Concurrent gas chromatographic and radiometric analyses indicated that the radiometric method would not give satisfactory results without a suitable cleanup, whereas virtually no cleanup was required for the gas chromatographic analysis. The gas chromatographic method is rapid and easily carried out.
Infrared Spectra of Amino Acids in the 700-400 cm−1 Region
Authors: Warren R J , Thompson W E , Zarembo J E , Eisdorfer I B 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The spectra of 49 amino acids and closely related metabolites of varying structure have been studied and analyzed in the region 700–400 cm−1; these amino acids have four characteristic bands in this region. Spectra-structure correlations and assignments of the absorption bands are presented and discussed. This compilation of data is an important supplement to existing infrared data in the 4000–650 cm−1 range. It should provide spectral data for ready identification of a large number of amino acids and make it possible to verify spectral data which is either inconclusive or ambiguous.
Air-Agitation Modification of the AOAC Method for Fly Egg Detection in Tomato Products
Authors: Riley Robert C , Prostak Donald J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The present official, first action method for fly eggs and maggots in tomato products, 36.064, was modified by using airagitation in place of hand-rotary shaking. Air-agitation is more efficient than hand swirling both in the number of fly eggs recovered and in the time necessary for analysis.
Assay Methodology Studies of Carbohydrate Fractions of Wheat Products
Authors: Eheart James F , Mason Blanche S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Statistically planned assay methodology studies are described for reducing and nonreducing sugars, starch, lactose, and pentosans in 10 different wheat products from the consumer market. The assay method for starch resulted in the least variation, those for reducing and nonreducing sugars were next, while those for lactose and pentosans varied the most. Duplicate run, aliquot size, and sample differences were, in some cases, considered of analytical significance, while duplicate tube and fermentation flask and quintuplicate polarimeter reading differences were negligible. Assay methods, modifications, and recommendations are given.
Determination of Imidan and Imidoxon in Sweet Corn by Gas Chromatography with Flame Photometric Detection
Authors: Bowman Malcolm C , Beroza Morton 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A rapid procedure to quantitatively determine Imidan® and Imidoxon with a minimum detection level of 0.002 and 0.004 ppm, respectively, has been devised. The compounds, first separated on a silica gel column, were individually gas chromatographed on a glass column containing 10% DC-200 (w/w) on 80/100 mesh Gas Chrom Q at 200°C. An important requirement of the gas chromatographic procedure was the conditioning of the column. The flame photometric detector used in these analyses was very sensitive and, unlike the electron capture detector, was not contaminated by unclean extracts. Two methods
Alkalimetric Quimociac Method for Phosphorus— A Re-evaluation with Needed Modifications
Authors: Duncan R D , Brabson J A 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The alkalimetric quimociac method for phosphorus has been studied by AOAC, but it was abandoned because of the difficulty of dissolving the precipitate with alkali. The formation of the hard-to-dissolve precipitate resulted from slow heating during precipitation and from agglomeration of the finely divided precipitate into lumps during filtration. Use of additional citric acid in the precipitation medium, however, forms larger crystals that do not agglomerate during filtration and are readily soluble in alkali. The solubility of the precipitate is negligible in the presence of additional citrate in the precipitation medium, but excessive washing results in significant loss of precipitate. The modified method is rugged, and compares favorably in precision and accuracy with the official gravimetric quimociac method.
Determination of Sulfamethazine in Mixed Feeds Containing Procaine Penicillin
Authors: Hill V B , Martin E E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Sulfamethazine in combination with procaine penicillin is used as a medicament in swine feeds. Interference from procaine must be eliminated to determine sulfamethazine by the Bratton-Marshall color reaction. In the method, sulfamethazine is extracted with hot methanol, the protein is precipitated with zinc sulfate and filtered, and the azo dyes of sulfamethazine and procaine are formed by the Bratton-Marshall color reaction. The mixed dye solution is shaken with chloroform to separate the procaine dye, made alkaline, and reshaken. An aliquot of the aqueous phase which contains the sulfamethazine dye is removed, re-acidified, and measured at 540 mμ.i against a standard curve. Procaine penicillin added at 25 times the formulation level does not interfere. Swine feeds at sulfamethazine levels of 0.011 and 0.044% give average recoveries of 95 and 99%, respectively, with a coefficient of variation of less than 6% under routine laboratory conditions.
Colorimetric Determination of Urea in Feeds (Report of AOAC Committee)
Authors: Potts T J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The colorimetric DMAB method for urea in feeds was improved with regard to sampling, color reading, and calibration, and the revised method was again studied collaboratively in comparison with the official enzymatic method. Validity of the data was tested by Youden's ranking method. It is recommended that the DMAB method be adopted as official, first action.
Investigation of Volatile Compounds in Cod Fish by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Wong N P , Damico J N , Salwin Harold 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Eighteen volatile compounds in cod fish have heen identified hy their mass spectra and gas chromatographic retention times. Volatile compounds were vacuum distilled at 35°C from fresh cod fish and from samples stored for 7 and 14 days. Fractions collected in traps immersed in ethyl alcohol- Dry Ice or liquid nitrogen were separated on aββoxydipropionitrile column by programmed cryogenic temperature gas chromatography. The eflluent from the column was split to a flame ionization detector and to a molecular separator leading to a fastscanning mass spectrometer; this arrangement permitted simultaneous recording of gas chromatograms and mass spectra. The following compounds have not been previously reported in the literature for cod fish: carbon disulfide, methylene chloride, chloroform, benzene, toluene, methyl propyl ketone, diethyl ketone, and methyl vinyl ketone. Compounds which were identified only in stored samples were triinethylamine, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, diethyl ketone, and methyl vinyl ketone. No attempt has yet been made to determine the significance of these compounds to decomposition.
Determination of Buquinolate in Chicken Feeds by Thin Layer
Chromatography and Fluorometry
Authors: Borfitz H , Para J , Stickles J V , Ginther G B , Southworth B C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A procedure has been developed for determining buquinolate (ethyl 4-hydroxy- 6,7- diisobutoxy - 3 - quinolinecarboxylate) in finished chicken feeds. In the procedure, a chloroform extract of the feed is concentrated to a small known volume, separated from background substances by thin layer chromatography on silica gel (two solvent systems), eluted from the plate, and compared fluorometrically with reference standard buquinolate. No background interference was found from 157 feed samples investigated or from 11 common feed additives. Recovery experiments on 31 samples at levels ranging from 0.0044 to 0.0143% buquinolate averaged 99.7% with a standard deviation of 3.3. The method is equally applicable to both fresh and aged feeds. This method was studied collaboratively, results were good, and the method is recommended for adoption as official, first action
Drained Weight of Frozen Shrimp
Authors: Werren J C , Weik R W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Collaborative studies were conducted on a modified U.S. Fish and Wildlife procedure for determining the drained weight of frozen shrimp. Results indicate good precision or within-laboratory repeatability. A water flow rate of 1—3 gallons/minute was as accurate as the prescribed rate of 6 gallons/ minute. It is recommended that the method, with the suggested change in flow rate of water, be adopted as official, first action
Photochemical Changes of Aflatoxin B1
Authors: Andrellos P J , Beckwith A C , Eppley R M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Irradiation of aflatoxins B1 and G1 with UV light (principal wavelength 𝀈365 mμ) converts both compounds to new fluorescent photoproducts which have much lower R1 values than aflatoxin B1 and G1 when chromatographed on silica gel thin layer plates. Photoproducts of aflatoxin B1 form much faster on a silica gel surface than in methanol solution. Photoconversion of aflatoxin B1 is shown to alter fluorescence comparison assays and identification tests. Studies show that the principal photoproduct developed from aflatoxin B1 is significantly less toxic than the parent aflatoxin.
Sampling Bulk Fertilizers
Authors: Gehrke C W , Baker W L , Krause G F , Russell C H 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A sampling study was designed to investigate the sampling of bulk loads of semigranular, granular, pulverized, and blended fertilizers. The study was designed to obtain information on appropriate instruments and methods for sampling bulk fertilizers. An accurate fertilizer sample can be secured by passing a stream sampling cup through the entire flow of material at equally timespaced intervals during the loading of a truck; this "stream" sample is used as a reference point. The AOAC triers did not secure accurate samples of bulk loads. Two compartmented triers and t h e stream sampler were recommended as official sampling instruments. A concentric sampling pattern for taking bulk samples was recommended. Studies on bulk sampling will continue.
An Automatic Electromagnetically Operated Multiple Pipet
Authors: Ellis John H , Midkiff V C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
An improved electromagnetically-operated automatic pipet, specifically designed for taking aliquots, is described. It may be used singly or several may be mounted in parallel for multiple pipetting operations. Pipetting is 6 times faster with a six-unit pipet in battery arrangement than with the conventional manual method. Aliquots delivered are accurate and precise.
Development of an Assay for Neomycin in Feeds
Authors: Barbiers A R , Neff A W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A systematic study of the assay of neomycin in finished feeds has been completed. Neomycin gave sharper zones and less varying results because Tris buffer was used instead of phosphate buffer. The addition of MgCl2 or CaCl2 to Tris buffer enhanced neomycin activity. When these salts were added to the agar, "flatter" curves resulted; CaCl2 was the more effective salt. However, MgCl2 more effectively improved the sensitivity of neomycin. Although very water-soluble, neomycin was shown to be bound to certain feeds. Extraction with 2 0 % NaCI improved recoveries to 90—100%. Standard curves of neomycin in buffer systems differed from those obtained on a feed extract. To avoid this unknown bias, neomycin activity in a feed extract can be inactivated with sodium hypochlorite to prepare standard curves. It is proposed that this procedure be submitted for collaborative study.
Extraneous Materials in Dairy Products: Cheese
Authors: Stephens Robert L 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A microanalytical method has been developed for extraneous material in cheese. The method is applicable to very hard, hard, semi-soft, and soft cheese, but not to cheese containing spices, herbs, or mold throughout. In the method, the cheese is dispersed in an aqueous basic medium by treatment with the tetrasodium salt of EDTA, the dispersion is digested with pancrcatin, and the extraneous material is isolated by filtration. Results of two collaborative studies are reported. Results of the second study are considered satisfactory, and the method is recommended for adoption as official, first action
Rapid Method for Separation of Extraneous Materials from
Whole and Degerminated Corn Meal, Prepared Mustard, and
Soy Flour
Authors: Miller Mary T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A rapid method, based on acid hydrolysis in the presence of mineral oil, has been developed to separate extraneous materials from whole and degerminated corn meal, prepared mustard, and soy flour. Corn meal may be first examined for rodent excreta by method 36.032 and then examined for light filth, or it may be analyzed directly for light filth by the acid hydrolysis method. Soy flour is prepared for analysis by solubilizing the protein in dilute sodium chloride solution in the presence of mineral oil. The Kilborn separatory funnel is used with all 3 products. The proposed method improves recoveries of insect fragments by 13—34% and rodent hair recoveries hy 25—54%. Analyst time required for actual assay is reduced by at least onethird. The method will be subjected to collaborative study
Dilution Method for Mold Count of Catsup
Authors: Wildman John W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Studies indicate that mold counting is simpler and easier when catsup samples are diluted with an equal volume of stabilizer solution before applying the official method. However, the amount of reduction in mold count is variable and unpredictable; some mold may be obscured by tomatoinsoluble solids. This effect has also been encountered in a cyclone juice sample. It is recommended that the method be studied further and that it be applied to tomato products other than catsup
New Substrate for Alkaline Phosphatase in Milk
Authors: Babson Arthur L , Greeley Sharon J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Phcnolphthalein monophosphale is used as a new substrate for the determination of residual alkaline phosphatase in pasteurized milk. Hydrolysis of this compound yields phcnolphthalein and thus a red solution which can be compared visually with a standard prepared from the same milk. The three reagents required are stable and can be delivered directly from plastic dropping bottles. No extraction into organic solvents is necessary, and this method eliminates the chances for false positive reactions
Comparison of the Reproducibilities of the Kjeldahl and Dye
Binding Methods for Measuring Protein in Milk
Authors: Sherbon J W , Hemphill Bobbie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Protein in milk samples was measured by both the Kjeldahl and Orange G binding methods. Ten samples of pooled raw milk were tested with ten replications of each method. Coefficients of variation were 0.352-3.089% protein for the Kjeldahl method and 0.098-0.661% protein for the dye binding method. The overall means of the two methods were significantly different, but not more than the expected agreement between duplicate Kjeldahl analyses. The position of the reaction flask in the manifold during digestion and distillation affected the Kjeldahl results. One sample of pasteurized-homogenized milk was tested on four successive days. The variation in dye binding results was less than in the Kjeldahl results. The dye binding response decreased each day and the mean values on the first and last days were significantly different
Collaborative Testing of the Dye Binding Method for
Milk Protein
Authors: Luke H Alan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Seven Market Administrators' laboratories, with two years of experience in collaborative testing of dairy products, analyzed 10 samples of milk in quadruplicate. Eight of the samples were fresh, raw milk taken from farm bulk tanks and represented four breeds of dairy cattle; two samples were pasteurized skim milk. All samples were preserved with HgCl2. The protein content was measured by the Udy dye binding procedure. Analysis of variance showed a significant betweenlaboratory variation. The within-laboratory variation was slight. Laboratory means were between 98.56 and 101.53% of the overall mean for each sample. Between-laboratory coefficients of variation were 0.52—1.13%. Thus the dye binding method is highly reproducible within laboratories; between-laboratory reproducibility is acceptable
Programmed Temperature Gas Chromatography of
Pesticides, Using Electron Capture and Thermionic Detectors
Authors: Bostwick David C , Giuffrida Laura 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Operating parameters for temperature programming with a single column system are given for electron capture and thermionic detection of pesticides with widely varying isothermal retention times. For the electron capture detector, rise in baseline was limited to about 10% or less of full scale deflection over a 60 °C program by using a differential flow controller and stainless steel tubing to connect the column and detector. With the thermionic detector, a differential flow controller alone produced an even smaller baseline rise over this program range. A temperature programmed dual analysis with both detectors was also possible with a single column
Infrared Absorption Spectra and Polymeric Structures of
Three s-Triazine Herbicides and Their Metabolites
Authors: Chen J-Y T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The infrared spectra of three 2-chloro- 4,6-bis (alkylamino) s-triazincs and their metabolites in solid (KBr) phase are described, and the characteristic infrared absorption frequencies are given. These compounds may -exist as dimers in the solid state when hydrogen bonding occurs through one or both of the amino groups. In addition, the metabolic products, 2-hydroxy derivatives, may also exist as dimers by hydrogen bonding of the enol (OH) to the keto tautomers in equilibrium. Evidently the weak NH hydrogen bonding of the cis cyclic lactam dimer is partially depolymerized when the compound is ground in an adequate amount of Nujol, and the equilibrium shifts to yield the dimer resulting from strong hydrogen bonding of the enol (OH) to the keto form of the tautomers