bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A clinical study on the value of carotid cistern drainage during intracranial aneurysm clipping
Authors: Jin Guo-Liang , Yuan Zi-Gang , Zhou Yong-Zhi , Wang Jian-Li 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionTo investigate the value of carotid cistern drainage in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage during intracranial aneurysm clipping.Material and methodsPatients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms were included in this study. During the operation, the craniotomy was performed via a pterional approach to separate the Sylvian cistern and carotid cistern. After completing the clipping of the intracranial aneurysm, a drainage tube was placed in the carotid cistern between the ipsilateral internal carotid artery and optic nerve or lateral internal carotid artery, which was led out through the dura mater, cranial flap foramen or gap and scalp, and connected with an external drainage device.ResultsA total of 6 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, who required craniotomy for clipping, were enrolled in the study. These patients were given carotid cistern drainage during the operation. Among these 6 patients, 2 had anterior communicating aneurysms, 1 had a posterior communicating aneurysm of the internal carotid artery, 2 had middle cerebral artery furcation aneurysms, and 1 patient had multiple intracranial aneurysms. For the Hunt-Hess score before the operation, 5 patients were in grade II and 1 patient was in grade III. Furthermore, the postoperative drainage was unobstructed, with a daily drainage of 130–290 ml of haemorrhagic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).ConclusionsThe CSF drainage of the carotid cistern applied in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage during the craniotomy for clipping can effectively remove the subarachnoid haemorrhage, control the intracranial hypertension, and reduce the incidence of cerebral vasospasm and hydrocephalus.
Inter-limb step asymmetry in closed and open skill sprint accelerations in soccer players
Authors: Wdowski Maximilian M. , Gittoes Marianne J.R. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeInter-limb differences may decrease sports performance. There is a need to
understand the comparison of asymmetries between open and closed skill tasks. The study
investigated inter-limb step asymmetry responses to closed and open skill acceleration sprint
running tasks.Methods3D motion analysis kinematic data of step characteristics were collected from 20
male soccer players (mean ± SD: 21 ± 1.9 years, 78.7 ± 7.7 kg, 1.78 ± 0.06 m) for bilaterally
located lower-limb markers during the initial 20 m of closed and open skill acceleration sprint
running trials. Step velocity, step length, step frequency, flight time, contact time, and flight
distance were calculated. In the closed skill conditions, players knew the final sprint distance
before initiation. In the open skill conditions, players were informed of the final sprint
distance (20 or 40 m) immediately after run initiation.ResultsSignificant asymmetries (0.10–10.3%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in step characteristics were observed
during closed skill acceleration sprint performances. Positive correlations (<i>r</i>: 0.51–0.77, <i>p</i> &lt;
0.05) were evidenced between asymmetry scores in the closed skill and in the open skill 20-m
and 40-m conditions. Asymmetry scores were not associated with sprint performance (<i>r</i>: from
–0.13 to 0.30, <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), suggesting that asymmetry may be functional or dysfunctional.ConclusionsSkilled soccer players can regulate step characteristic asymmetries across
closed and open skill tasks. Symmetry should not be assumed when assessing open and closed
skill acceleration sprint performance in soccer players. Practitioners should be aware of these
asymmetries when implementing programmes.
The majority of professionally active women diagnosed with eating disorders may be at risk of work addiction: an overlooked comorbidity
Authors: Atroszko Paweł , Mytlewska Weronika , Atroszko Bartosz 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundWork addiction (WA) has been previously linked to several diseases and disorders, but there is scarce literature on its association with eating disorders (EDs). Both WA and EDs share similar etiological factors (notably rigid perfectionism) and clinical features. The aim of this study was to provide an initial overview of the literature on this potential comorbidity, and investigate the co-occurrence of EDs and WA, and their relationship with socio-demographic and work-related variables, health, and personality.Participants and procedureIn a pen-and-pencil cross-sectional study, the Bergen Work Addiction Scale (BWAS), a question about a current or previous diagnosis of EDs and other mental disorders, personality questionnaires, and questions concerning demographic, health and work-related variables were administered to 723 Polish employees from various pro-fessions.ResultsSix females (0.8%) and none of the males declared having been diagnosed with EDs, which is, to a large ex-tent, congruent with the expected prevalence in the general population. Five out of these six females (83%) reached the cut-off score for WA. Of all women who reached this cut-off, 5.5% reported EDs. All these women were in their twenties, not married, having no children, working in non-managerial positions, with body mass index (BMI) in the normal range or below. Preliminary comparisons with matched comparison groups were conducted.ConclusionsThese initial results suggest that WA may be highly prevalent among professionally active women diagnosed with EDs. Functioning of individuals with EDs in the workplace is a vastly understudied issue which merits more attention owing to high suicide risk and mortality due to health complications, particularly cardiovascular dis-ease (CVD), related to EDs and overworking, a significant prevalence of subclinical EDs in female populations (especially among youth), and a typically worse prognosis for EDs comorbid with other disorders. Both prob-lematic behaviors are related to denial, which suggests that these may be much more prevalent problems than current estimates indicate.
The relationship between individual, social and national coping resources and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands
Authors: Super Sabina , Pijpker Roald , Polhuis Kristel 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has a potential negative impact on mental health. Adopting the salutogenic model of health, this study examined the predictive value of personal (sense of coherence), social (social support, trust in institutions), and national (sense of national coherence) resources for mental health in the Netherlands during the COVID-19 pandemic.Participants and procedureAn online survey was administered in the Netherlands (N = 622) in April 2020. A multiple regression analysis was performed to test the predictive value of the resources for mental health.ResultsMental health was significantly predicted by the sense of coherence, social support and sense of national co-herence, but not by trust in institutions. The results showed that personal and social resources were most strongly related to mental health.ConclusionsThe results suggest that mental health is predicted by various resources. Hence, strengthening resources seems vital in promoting mental health in times of crisis.
How can additional ultrasonography screening improve the detection of occult breast cancer in women with dense breasts?
Authors: Pishdad Parisa , Moosavi Ameneh , Jalli Reza , Zarei Fariba , Saeedi-Moghadam Mahdi , Zeinali-Rafsanjani Banafsheh 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionAlthough mammography is a gold standard for breast cancer screening, the number of cancers that cannot be detected with mammography is substantial, especially in dense-breast (DB) women. Breast sonography can be a useful and powerful screening tool in these cases. The aim of this study is to assess the application of whole-breast sonography in the evaluation of breast lesions in women with DB tissue and estimate its accuracy in comparison with mammography.Material and methodsA total of 207 asymptomatic DB women participated in this study. The breast tissue density was assessed using ACR BI-RADS. Patients underwent high-resolution ultrasonography of the breast in addition to physical examination and mammography. Different risk factors were also assessed.Results152 of 207 (73.4%) cases who had mammography performed had DB, and 55 (26.6%) cases had very dense breasts (very DBs). None of the cases had a positive history of malignancy, while 19% of them had a positive history of breast cancer in first- or second-degree relatives.ConclusionsAll findings were higher in cases with DB compared to very DBs except for fibroadenoma, which was detected more in cases with very DBs. Our study showed that the prevalence of different breast lesions had a significant relationship with the density of the breast. In our study, 48.3% of the cases were diagnosed with a lesion in their sonography result, although 81.0% of them were benign lesions, and the other 19.0% needed follow-up or biopsy evaluation. A substantial number of mammographically occult breast lesions, either benign or malignant, could be detected by ultrasound in DB tissue.
Blood calprotectin in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: relationship to flare development after discontinuation of treatment
Authors: Boyko Yaryna , Ivanova Viktoriia , Vakaruk Maryna , Kozina Tamila , Shevchenko Nataliia , Vaizer Nataliia , Synoverska Olha , Chubata Oksana , Marchuk Olha , Havrylyuk Anna 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesThe study aim was to prospectively evaluate the relationship between disease flare development in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) after discontinuation of treatment and serum calprotectin levels (MRP8/14).Material and methodsDetermination of blood serum level of calprotectin was performed in
54 patients with inactive JIA from various regions of Ukraine. The inclusion criterion was the existence of an inactive state of the disease in children with JIA for at least 6 months. During 1 week after blood sampling for determination of serum calprotectin (MRP8/14) level the patients were completely discontinued of all therapy. Determination of calprotectin level in blood serum was performed with reagents EK-MRP8/14 Buhlmann (MRP8/14; S100A8/9), Switzerland, using the ELISA method.ResultsThe trial results showed that 3 months after discontinuation of treatment in patients with inactive JIA, the flares developed in 5 out of 54 patients (9.3%). The median calprotectin level before discontinuation of the treatment was 1,700 ng/ml in patients who developed a flare, and 1,500 ng/ml in other studied patients (not statistically significant). At 6 months, the flare had developed in an additional 3 out of 48 (6.3%) of patients, who continued to be followed up, while their median calprotectin serum levels were 1,300 ng/ml and 1,500 ng/ml respectively (not statistically significant). At 12 months, the flares had developed in 13 more out of 45 (28.9%) patients, who continued to be followed up, while the median calprotectin serum level in these patients before discontinuation of treatment was 1,100 ng/ml and 1,650 ng/ml respectively (not statistically significant).ConclusionAfter discontinuation of treatment a flare over the next year of follow-up developed in 38.9% of patients. The study results did not reveal a significant difference in calprotectin level in patients with JIA prior to complete discontinuation of treatment who developed a flare and those without a flare after 3, 6 and 12 months.
Work instability and associated factors among patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Greater Poland
Authors: Schmidt Wiktor , Tąpolska Małgorzata , Pawlak-Buś Katarzyna , Owczarek Magdalena , Leszczyński Piotr 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesRheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects patients’ capacity to work. The Rheumatoid Arthritis Work Instability Scale (RA-WIS) is a reliable method to measure work instability (WI) (1–3). We lack data on the relationship between RA and work instability among Polish patients. Our study aimed to assess WI and associated factors among patients with RA.Material and methodsThe authors conducted a multi-centre cross-sectional observational study. 315 patients from three rheumatology centres were enrolled and filled in questionnaires, including demographic and self-reported clinical data, RA-WIS, and the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Swollen and tender joint counts (SJC, TJC) were assessed by the attending physician, and current erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were collected. We excluded 41 patients due to an incorrectly filled in form and analysed questionnaires of 274 patients. DAS28 (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints) and DAS28-CRP were calculated. We performed statistical analysis with Statistica v. 13.3 using the Mann-Whitney U test, 2 test, and Spearman’s correlation.Results140 (51%) patients were currently employed and their characteristics were analysed. In univariable analysis we identified the following risk factors for high risk WI: moderate-to-high disease activity (DAS28 ≥ 3.2 – OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.06–4.96, p = 0.033; DAS28-CRP ≥ 3.2 – OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.04–5.27, p = 0.038), ESR ≥ 30 mm/h in women and ≥ 20 mm/h in men (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.20–5.89, p = 0.010), CRP ≥ 1 mg/dl (OR 4.02, 95% CI 1.78–9.10, p < 0.001), HAQ-DI > 1.0 (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.04–4.81, p = 0.037) and at least moderate pain on the visual analogue scale (VAS p ≥ 4.5 cm – OR 5.31, 95% CI 2.36–11.96, p < 0.001).
Correlations were moderate between RA-WIS and VASp (RS = 0.59, p < 0.001) and HAQ-DI (RS = 0.52, p < 0.001) but weak with disease activity indices (DAS28 [RS = 0.31, p < 0.001]; DAS28-CRP [RS = 0.28, p < 0.001]).ConclusionsPain and disability are the main factors strongly associated with work instability among patients with RA.
Modified frailty index as a predictor of the long-term functional result in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Pulik Łukasz , Jaśkiewicz Kaja , Sarzyńska Sylwia , Małdyk Paweł , Łęgosz Paweł 
Published: September 2020

ObjectivesTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) is a well-approved method for the treatment of end-stage osteoarthritis (OA). Due to rising life expectancy, elderly patients burdened with multimorbidity are subjected to THA. Some of these patients present significant depletion of physiological reserves, which is described as the frailty syndrome. This study aims to assess the influence of frailty on the THA outcomes in OA patients.Material and methodsA single-center observational study was conducted to investigate the effect of frailty measured by the modified frailty index-5 (mFI-5) and modified frailty index-11 (mFI-11) on the long-term post-THA outcomes. The analysis included 597 initially screened patients subjected to unilateral, primary THA due to hip OA. The outcomes were assessed during a follow-up visit 3 years after THA. The primary outcome measures were patient-reported (the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index – WOMAC) and physician-reported scales (the Harris Hip Score – HHS). The secondary outcome measures were the length of hospital stay (LOS), pain complaints, complications, and satisfaction. A correlation analysis was performed (Spearman’s R).ResultsThree hundred sixty-five patients met the eligibility criteria, including 57.26% women (n = 209) and 42.74% men (n = 156). The mean age was 65.11 ±12.12 years. Patients with high values of mFI-5 (r = 0.19; p < 0.05) and mFI-11 (r = 0.22; p < 0.01) achieved less satisfactory functional outcomes after THA (WOMAC). After age adjustment, mFI-11 (r = 0.17; p < 0.05) was a better predictor of functional outcome (WOMAC) than mFI-5 was (r = 0.15; p = 0.07). The mFI-5 (r = 0.25; p < 0.001) and mFI-11 (r = 0.29; p < 0.001) correlated with longer LOS.ConclusionsThe modified frailty index-5 (mFI-5) and modified frailty index-11 (mFI-11) are useful tools to identify patients subjected to THA at a high risk of poor functioning after the procedure. They can be used in preoperative counseling before obtaining informed consent to support surgical decision-making. To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the impact of the mFI on long-term postoperative functional results in OA treated with THA.
Impact of IL-34, IFN-α and IFN-λ1 on activity of systemic lupus erythematosus in Egyptian patients
Authors: Adel Yasmin , Sadeq Yousra 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune, multi-system inflammatory disease. Among cytokines involved in SLE pathogenesis, interferons (particularly IFN-α) and interleukin 34 play a pivotal role. Interestingly, the gene signatures of type III (IFN-λ1) and type I IFNs may overlap. Increased levels of IFN-λ also have been reported in SLE.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess serum levels of IL-34, IFN-λ1, IFN-α and the relationship between these cytokines and clinical and laboratory parameters and response to treatment in a cohort of Egyptian SLE patients.Material and methodsThe study included 82 newly diagnosed SLE patients: male 17.1% (n = 14), female 82.9% (n = 68), mean age ±SD: 48.6 ±8.2 and 60 healthy subjects matched by age and gender as a control group. Medical history, physical examination and laboratory tests for confirming SLE diagnosis and assessment of disease activity were collected. The assessment of serum levels of studied cytokines were performed using the ELISA method.
All studied patients after first cytokine evaluation were treated with a combination of antimalarial drugs, glucocorticosteroids and/or immunosuppressive drugs with follow-up after six months of treatment.ResultsIn the SLE group the mean serum levels of IL-34, IFN-α and IFN-λ1 were 175.9 ±125.9 pg/ml, 109.3 ±32.5 pg/ml and 227.9 ±144.8 pg/ml respectively. These cytokine levels were significantly higher in the SLE group than in healthy controls. 39% of SLE patients (n = 32) had SLAM > 6 and 26.8% (n = 22) had SLEDAI >6. There were 21 SLE patients (25.6%) with lupus nephritis.
IL-34 and IFN-λ1 were positively correlated with anti-dsDNA antibodies but negatively correlated with C3 complement component (p ≤ 0.05). IL-34, INF-α and IFN-λ1 were significantly higher in lupus nephritis patients, and correlated with poorest response to treatment.
IL-34 and IFN-λ1 were correlated with higher SLAM > 6 and SLEDAI > 6 results; there was no such correlation between IFN-α and disease activity.
Accumulation of three or more clinical features during follow-up was significantly associated with high levels of studied cytokines. Triple high positivity was found in 17 patients (20.7%) and correlated with presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies, low levels of C3 component of complement and lupus nephritis.
Modelling mineral dust emissions and atmospheric dispersion with MADE3 in EMAC v2.54
Authors: Beer Christof G. , Hendricks Johannes , Righi Mattia , Heinold Bernd , Tegen Ina , Groß Silke , Sauer Daniel , Walser Adrian , Weinzierl Bernadett 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. It was hypothesized that using mineral dust emission climatologies in global chemistry climate models (GCCMs), i.e. prescribed monthly-mean dust emissions representative of a specific year, may lead to misrepresentations of strong dust burst events. This could result in a negative bias of model dust concentrations compared to observations for these episodes.
Here, we apply the aerosol microphysics submodel MADE3 (Modal Aerosol Dynamics model for Europe, adapted for global applications, third generation) as part of the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) general circulation model. We employ two different representations of mineral dust emissions for our model simulations: (i) a prescribed monthly-mean climatology of dust emissions representative of the year 2000 and (ii) an online dust parametrization which calculates wind-driven mineral dust emissions at every model time step. We evaluate model results for these two dust representations by comparison with observations of aerosol optical depth from ground-based station data. The model results show a better agreement with the observations for strong dust burst events when using the online dust representation compared to the prescribed dust emissions setup.
Furthermore, we analyse the effect of increasing the vertical and horizontal model resolution on the mineral dust properties in our model. We compare results from simulations with T42L31 and T63L31 model resolution (2.8∘×2.8∘ and 1.9∘×1.9∘ in latitude and longitude, respectively; 31 vertical levels) with the reference setup (T42L19). The different model versions are evaluated against airborne in situ measurements performed during the SALTRACE mineral dust campaign (Saharan Aerosol Long-range Transport and Aerosol-Cloud Interaction Experiment, June–July 2013), i.e. observations of dust transported from the Sahara to the Caribbean. Results show that an increased horizontal and vertical model resolution is able to better represent the spatial distribution of airborne mineral dust, especially in the upper troposphere (above 400 hPa). Additionally, we analyse the effect of varying assumptions for the size distribution of emitted dust but find only a weak sensitivity concerning these changes. The results of this study will help to identify the model setup best suited for future studies and to further improve the representation of mineral dust particles in EMAC-MADE3.
De nationale contactpunten voor de OESO-Richtlijnen
Authors: Gratia Marianne , Liance Cyril 
Published: September 2020

The National Contact Points for the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises A unique system for alternative dispute resolution
In 1976 the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, about corporate social responsibility and sustainability, were carried. To implement the guidelines national contact points inform people and enterprises, and mediate in case of a complaint. This article describes the structure, procedure and role of the Dutch and Belgian National Contact Points.
Seasonal variations in leaf and branch trace elements and the influence of a 3-yr 100% rainfall exclusion on Pinus massoniana Lamb
Authors: Lin Tian , Zheng Xuanmei , Zheng Huaizhou 
Published: September 2020

Background
Trace elements are essential for the growth and survival of plants, and their concentrations and distributions in plants are effective reflections of ecological adaptation strategies. However, this aspect has seldom been addressed.

Method
Changes in the leaf and branch trace elements of Pinus massoniana Lamb, induced by seasonal dynamics and in response to a 3-yr 100% rainfall exclusion, were evaluated.

Results
The results showed that the concentrations of Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni and Cr in leaves of P. massoniana in the control group had high seasonal resolution. There were three groups according to their patterns over the growing season: (1) nutrient elements (Cu, Zn, Ni and Cd), which continuously decreased in concentration during the growing season, with the highest concentration in spring and the lowest in autumn; (2) accumulating element (Cr), which increased in concentration from spring to autumn; and (3) indifferent element (Fe), which increased in concentration from spring to summer and decreased in concentration from summer to autumn. The concentrations of trace elements in leaves and branches showed no significant differences with mild drought stress, except for Fe and Cr in leaves and Cr in branches, which significantly increased (p < 0.05) under the result of self-selection under mild drought stress. Therefore, the resultant seasonal and drought effects on trace element cycling in P. massoniana could provide theoretical support to respond to future climate change.