bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and distribution of oil, protein, and starch in different compartments of canaryseed (Phalaris canariensis L.)
Authors: Perera Suneru P. , Hucl Pierre , L'Hocine Lamia , Nickerson Michael T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe aim of this study was to understand seed microstructure and oil, protein, and starch distribution in brown and yellow canaryseed that could provide an understanding of potential use of solvent‐free technologies for protein fractionation purposes.FindingsVarying thickness of the bran was observed from the ventral to the dorsal side of the seed. The aleurone layer is mostly a single‐cell layer; however, it could occasionally be a double‐cell layer. The germ, endosperm, and aleurone layer contain oil. However, more oil is distributed in the endosperm area (3.88 g of oil in roller‐milled white flour) than in the germ and aleurone layer (2.83 g of oil in roller‐milled bran fraction). The endosperm also contains varying sizes of compound starch granules (~4–7 µm to 20 µm) and individual starch granules (~2–4 µm). Protein is widely distributed in the endosperm compared to the germ, aleurone layer, and bran.ConclusionsMicrostructural differences in different regions of the canaryseed were observed. The presence of higher oil content in the endosperm suggests that the application of solvent‐free technologies could be challenging for protein fractionation.Significance and noveltyThis study revealed microstructural and chemical differences in different regions of the seed. Especially, it showed the spatial distribution of oil, which is crucial in designing industrial processes, for “clean‐labeled” protein ingredients.
Changes in the subcutaneous tissue of catheterization site from the precatheterization state to the onset of anticancer drug‐induced induration: A case report
Authors: Abe‐Doi Mari , Murayama Ryoko , Komiyama Chieko , Sanada Hiromi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis case showed that anticancer drug administration induces unhealthy subcutaneous tissue (thrombus or edema) without subjective symptoms, abnormal sign by palpation, or inspection, which have an extravasation risk.
Bilateral external carotid artery stenting in symptomatic patient with complete occlusion of both internal carotid arteries
Authors: Elsharkawi Mohamed , Ghoneim Baker , Elsherif Mohamed , Sultan Sherif 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCompletely occluded ICA should not always turn a symptomatic patient down for surgical intervention especially if medical treatment fails. Where bilateral ECA intervention is required, endovascular approach should be considered if feasible.
Parametric Sensitivity of Municipal Solid Waste Integrated Power Plant: CO2 Footprint and Energy Analysis
Authors: Khan Ashim Kumar , Chowdhury Ranjana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe performance of an integrated gasification combined cycle based power plant using a mixture of municipal solid waste (MSW) and coal was evaluated. The parametric sensitivities of avoidance in CO2 emission (ACE) and the energy return on energy investment (EROEI) were analyzed by MSW‐coal ratio, gasifier temperature, and the air supplied for gasification as the independent variables. The data on ACE and EROEI simulated by Aspen Plus at different combinations of input parameters, pre‐set using the Box‐Behnken type design of experiments, were employed. Through response surface methodology, a valid model demonstrating the strong influence of MSW‐coal ratio and gasifier temperature on both the ACE and EROEI was developed.
The Kinetics of Intestinal Permeability in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Weaver Jessica L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among trauma patients. Increased intestinal permeability plays an important role in the inflammatory process that accompanies TBI, and therapies that prevent this permeability change may improve outcomes in TBI patients. Different animal models have been developed to test permeability changes, but there has been no agreement on when permeability should be tested after TBI. Here, we describe a method for creating the TBI mouse model and for measuring intestinal permeability. We also detail our permeability measurements at different time points after TBI to help guide future experimental design. The TBI is made using a controlled cortical impact model with the cortical impactor set to speed 6 m/s, depth 3 mm, dwell time 0.2 s, and tip size 3 mm to produce a severe TBI. Permeability is measured at 2, 4, 6, and 24 hr after TBI by removing a piece of terminal ileum, tying the ends, filling the lumen with FITC‐labeled dextran, and then measuring how much of the dextran moves into the surrounding solution bath over time using a fluorescent plate reader. Our results show that peak permeability occurs between 4 and 6 hr after TBI. We recommend that future experiments incorporate permeability measurements 4 to 6 hr after TBI in order to take advantage of this peak permeability. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Mouse CCI traumatic brain injury model and intestinal permeability measurement
Predicting Parameters for Successful Weaning from Veno‐Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Sawada Kenichiro , Kawakami Shoji , Murata Shunsuke , Nishimura Kunihiro , Tahara Yoshio , Hosoda Hayato , Nakashima Takahiro , Kataoka Yu , Asaumi Yasuhide , Noguchi Teruo , Sugimachi Masaru , Fujita Tomoyuki , Kobayashi Junjiro , Yasuda Satoshi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsPercutaneous veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) is utilized for patients with cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest. However, the procedure protocol for weaning from VA‐ECMO has not been well established. The present study aimed to determine the usefulness of echocardiographic and pulmonary artery catheter parameters for predicting successful weaning from VA‐ECMO in patients with refractory cardiogenic shock.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively studied 50 patients who were hospitalized and supported by VA‐ECMO for >48 h between January 2013 and March 2017. Patients successfully weaned from VA‐ECMO without reintroduction of VA‐ECMO or left ventricular assist device implantation were defined as 30 day survivors. Echocardiographic and pulmonary artery catheter parameters were evaluated when ECMO flow was limited to a maximum of 1.5–2.0 L/min. Twenty‐four patients were successfully weaned from VA‐ECMO, whereas 26 were not. Fractional shortening, corrected left ventricular ejection time (LVETc, defined as LVET divided by the square root of heart rate), left ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral, and LVETc divided by pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) were significantly larger in the 30 day survivor groups. Multivariable analysis revealed LVETc∕PAWP as a significant independent predictor of successful weaning (LVETc∕PAWP, odds ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.71–0.94, P = 0.005). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed 15.9 as the optimal LVETc∕PAWP for predicting successful weaning (area under the curve 0.82).ConclusionsThe present findings indicate that LVETc∕PAWP is a potential predictor of successful weaning from VA‐ECMO.
Complication analysis of three different designs of temporary mandibulotomy in tongue cancer treatment
Authors: Chiu Ting‐Han , Marchi Filippo , Huang Shiang‐Fu , Kang Chung‐Jan , Liao Chun‐Ta , Hung Shao‐Yu , Cheong David Chon‐Fok , Tsao Chung‐Kan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMandibulotomy helps access posterior oral cavity tumors. If osteotomy designs affect postoperative and postradiotherapy complications, needs to be tested clinically.MethodsTwo hundred and eighteen patients who underwent midline mandibulotomy for primary tongue cancer wide excision and flap reconstruction at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital during 2014‐2019.ResultsThere were 114 straight, 54 notched, and 50 stair‐stepped osteotomy cases. Stair‐stepped osteotomy had less advanced tumor stages (P = .009) and notched osteotomy more common single‐plate fixations (P = .012). The former showed higher mandibular heights (P = .000) and more intact midline teeth (P = .011) than notched and straight ones. Straight osteotomy cases showed lower early infection rates (P = .039). Single‐plate fixation was related to more flap dehiscence (P = .001) and oro‐cutaneous fistulas (P = .035).ConclusionsComplex osteotomy does not offer long‐term benefits in midline mandibulotomies for primary tongue cancers and has higher early infections. Single‐plate fixation increases postoperative complications.
Fabrication of multilayered electrospun poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone + poly(ethylene oxide) scaffolds and biocompatibility evaluation
Authors: Chen Jiao , Li Xuanze , Liu Qin , Wu Ying , Shu Liping , He Zhixu , Ye Chuan , Ma Minxian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPoly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone + poly(ethylene oxide) [PLGA/(PVP + PEO)] scaffolds with different polymer concentrations were fabricated using multilayered electrospinning, and their physicochemical properties and biocompatibility were examined to screen for scaffolds with excellent performance in tissue engineering (TE). PLGA solution (15% w/v) was used as the bottom solution, and a mixed solution of 12% w/v PVP + PEO was applied as the surface layer solution. The mass ratios of PVP vs. PEO in each 10 ml surface layer mixed solution were 1.08 g: 0.12 g; 0.96 g: 0.24 g; and 0.84 g: 0.36 g. Compared to the conventional electrospinning method used to fabricate the pure PVP + PEO (0.96 g: 0.24 g, Group A) scaffold and pure PLGA (Group E) scaffold, the multilayer electrospinning technique of alternating sprays of the bottom layer solution and the surface layer solution was adopted to fabricate multilayer nanofiber scaffolds, including PLGA/(PVP + PEO) (1.08 g: 0.12 g, Group B), PLGA/(PVP + PEO) (0.96 g: 0.24 g, Group C), and PLGA/(PVP + PEO) (0.84 g: 0.36 g, Group D). The morphology and characteristics of the five scaffolds were analyzed, and the biocompatibilities of the cell‐scaffold composites were assessed through methods including Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK8) analysis, 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) staining, and scanning electron microscopy. Therefore, with a PVP‐to‐PEO mass ratio of 0.96 g: 0.24 g, an optimal multilayer nanofiber scaffold was fabricated by the multilayer electrospinning technique. The excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties of the scaffold were confirmed by in vitro experiments, which demonstrated the scaffold's promising application potential in the field of TE.
Investigation of antibiotic use in patients with acute pancreatitis in a Vietnamese hospital
Authors: Thong Vo Duy , Anh Trinh Thi Hong , Quynh Bui Thi Huong , Quyt Ngo Thi Thanh 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the antibiotics used in patients with acute pancreatitis and evaluate their appropriateness.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive cross‐sectional study on 136 patients aged 18 years or older who were diagnosed with acute pancreatitis and admitted to a national hospital in Ho Chi Minh City from January 2017 to December 2018. Medical records of patients were reviewed for data analysis, including epidemiological characteristics, pathological characteristics, treatment methods, and treatment effectiveness.ResultsThere were 69.9% men and 30.1% women with a median age of 49.9 years. The most common etiologies included alcohol (21.3%), gallstones (23.6%), and hypertriglyceridemia (19.9%). The proportions of mild, moderate, and severe disease were 54.4, 39.0, and 6.6%, respectively. Antibiotics were given in 52.2% of patients. Although antibiotic prophylaxis was not recommended, 23.5% of cases used prophylactic antibiotics when there were no suspicion or evidence of infection.ConclusionsOur study suggests that it is necessary to optimize the appropriateness of antibiotic indications for patients with acute pancreatitis.
Pharmacokinetic comparison of 15 active compositions in rat plasma after oral administration of raw and honey‐processed Aster tataricus extracts
Authors: Yang Dongyue , Wang Songrui , Huang Xuhua , Ma Wenjuan , Xue Zixiang , Zhao Lulu , Ouyang Huizi , He Jun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA sensitive ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to clarify pharmacokinetic properties of 15 compounds (quercetin, isorhamnetin, chlorogenic acid, isoquercitrin, caffeic acid, scopoletin, 7‐hydroxycoumarin, shionone, ferulic acid, kaempferol‐7‐O‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside, methyl caffeate, luteolin, kaempferol, epifriedelinol, and protocatechuic acid) in raw and honey‐processed Aster tataricus. Separation was carried out on an ACQUITY UPLC®BEH C18 column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) using a gradient elution with mobile phase constituting 0.1% formic acid‐water and 0.05% formic acid‐methanol. Quantitative analysis was performed using multiple reaction monitoring detection in both positive and negative ionization modes. Calibration curves showed good linearity (r2 > 0.991) over the corresponding concentration range. The intra‐ and interday precisions were within 10.1%, and accuracy ranged from −11.4 to 12.4%. The extraction recoveries and matrix effects were 78.1–100.0% and 81.1–113.7%, respectively. The analytes were stable under four storage conditions with relative standard deviations less than 12.6%. The validated method was successfully applied to compare the pharmacokinetic behaviors of raw and honey‐processed Aster tataricus for the first time. The results indicated that the areas under the curve (AUCs) of shionone, ferulic acid, and protocatechuic acid in honey‐processed A. tataricus group were significantly lower than that of raw A. tataricus group.
Neuroimaging of Anxiety in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Carey Guillaume , Görmezoğlu Meltem , de Jong Joost J.A. , Hofman Paul A.M. , Backes Walter H. , Dujardin Kathy , Leentjens Albert F.G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this systematic review was (1) to identify the brain regions involved in anxiety in Parkinson's disease (PD) based on neuroimaging studies and (2) to interpret the findings against the background of dysfunction of the fear circuit and limbic cortico‐striato‐thalamocortical circuit.MethodsStudies assessing anxiety symptoms in PD patients and studies using magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, or single‐photon emission computed tomography were included.ResultsThe severity of anxiety was associated with changes in the fear circuit and the cortico‐striato‐thalamocortical limbic circuit. In the fear circuit, a reduced gray‐matter volume of the amygdala and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC); an increased functional connectivity (FC) between the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and hippocampus and between the striatum and the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), temporal cortex, and insula; and a reduced FC between the lateral PFC and the OFC, hippocampus, and amygdala were reported. In the cortico‐striato‐thalamocortical limbic circuit, a reduced FC between the striatum and ACC; a reduced dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity in striatum, thalamus, and locus coeruleus; and a reduced serotoninergic activity in the thalamus were reported.ConclusionTo conclude, anxiety is associated with structural and functional changes in both the hypothesized fear and the limbic cortico‐striato‐thalamocortical circuits. These circuits overlap and may well constitute parts of a more extensive pathway, of which different parts play different roles in anxiety. The neuropathology of PD may affect these circuits in different ways, explaining the high prevalence of anxiety in PD and also the associated cognitive, motor, and psychiatric symptoms. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Characterization of interventional photoacoustic imaging (iPAI) capabilities in biological tissues
Authors: Bhagavatula Sharath K. , Li Li , Tearney Guillermo J. 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundInterventional photoacoustic imaging (iPAI) could improve ultrasound‐guided minimally invasive procedures by enabling high precision needle steering, target detection, and molecular and physiologic tissue assessment. However, iPAI capabilities including visualization field, imaging depth, and spatial resolution are not well understood in biological tissues commonly encountered in clinical practice. Therefore, the potential clinical utility of iPAI remains unclear. We aim to experimentally determine iPAI capabilities in a variety of biological tissues, to assess its potential for clinical translation.MethodsWe constructed an iPAI system capable of simultaneous real‐time ultrasound (US) and photoacoustic imaging. This system delivers light directly into tissues using optical fiber integrated into a 16‐gauge needle and detects photoacoustic signals with an external linear array ultrasound probe. iPAI’s geometric visualization field, maximum imaging depth, and spatial resolution were experimentally determined in fat, muscle, kidney, and liver tissues by processing photoacoustic signal intensities of reference targets placed circumferentially around the fiber tip. The maximum detection depths of blood and indocyanine green (ICG), important common endogenous and exogenous contrast agents, respectively, were estimated in each tissue type by comparing their signal intensities with the reference target signal.ResultsiPAI could be performed in real‐time concurrently with US and achieved a nearly spherical visualization field centering around the optical fiber tip in all tissues. Maximum imaging depths from the fiber tip were 54.1 ± 1.3, 50.0 ± 1.5, 32.7 ± 1.1, and 16.9 ± 1.3 mm in fat, muscle, kidney, and liver tissues, respectively. Calculated maximum detection depths for blood were 41.5 ± 3.0, 39.5 ± 2.1, 24.4 ± 4.0, and 8.6 ± 2.0 mm and detection depths for ICG at 0.05 mg/mL concentration were 46.6 ± 2.5, 42.6 ± 1.4, 28.2 ± 3.9, and 12.1 ± 1.5 mm in fat, muscle, kidney, and liver, respectively. Sub‐100μ m axial resolution and submillimeter lateral resolution were achieved in all tissues, and resolution did not significantly vary with distance from the fiber tip.ConclusionsInterventional photoacoustic imaging (iPAI) allows real‐time visualization of a circumferential volume of tissue around an optical fiber tip, with submillimeter spatial resolution and tissue‐dependent imaging depth. Our data strongly support further development of clinical iPAI systems as they could improve needle steering, target detection, and molecular and physiologic tissue assessment during minimally invasive procedures.
Electrical and Structural Dual Function of Oxygen Vacancies for Promoting Electrochemical Capacitance in Tungsten Oxide
Authors: Huang Zi‐Hang , Li Hao , Li Wen‐Han , Henkelman Graeme , Jia Baohua , Ma Tianyi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntrinsic defects, including oxygen vacancies, can efficiently modify the electrochemical performance of metal oxides. There is, however, a limited understanding of how vacancies influence charge storage properties. Here, using tungsten oxide as a model system, an extensive study of the effects of structure, electrical properties, and charge storage properties of oxygen vacancies is carried out using both experimental and computational techniques. The results provide direct evidence that oxygen vacancies increase the interlayer spacing in the oxide, which suppress the structural pulverization of the material during electrolyte ion insertion and removal in prolonged stability tests. Specifically, no capacitive decay is detected after 30 000 cycles. The medium states and charge storage mechanism of oxygen‐deficient tungsten oxide throughout electrochemical charging/discharging processes is studied. The enhanced rate capability of the oxygen‐deficient WO3−x is attributed to improved charge storage kinetics in the bulk material. The WO3−x electrode exhibits the highest capacitance in reported tungsten‐oxide based electrodes with comparable mass loadings. The capability to improve electrochemical capacitance performance of redox‐active materials is expected to open up new opportunities for ultrafast supercapacitive electrodes.
Effect of corrosion in reinforced concrete frame components on pushover behavior and ductility of frame
Authors: Kordtabar Behrouz , Dehestani Mehdi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractChloride‐induced corrosion of reinforced concrete (RC) is one of the main reasons for decreasing the seismic performance level of RC structures over their lifetime. In the present study, base shear capacity and ductility were considered as criteria for evaluating seismic performance of the RC frame. The impact of corrosion on the ductility and base shear capacity of a two‐dimensional single‐story single‐span RC frame was investigated using nonlinear static analysis considering the deterioration of the mechanical properties of the rebar and concrete. The corrosion damage model was implemented using fiber sections and nonlinear elements, and then pushover analysis over 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 years of life was performed. The strain penetration effect was considered in the fiber model at the column‐footing joints. The accuracy of modeling was validated with experimental data of the RC frame subject to cycle loading. The final results showed that by decreasing the water‐to‐cement ratio and increasing the cover thickness, the seismic performance of the RC frame is preserved over a lifetime. The time‐dependent ductility of the RC frame was evaluated at two structural and cross‐sectional levels. The results revealed that the corroded RC frame has a lower base shear capacity, ultimate drift, and ductility than the intact RC frame. Also, the corrosion‐induced deterioration of rebar and concrete significantly decreases the seismic performance of the corroded RC frame.
Biomechanics and clinical outcome after posterior stabilization of mid-thoracic vertebral body fractures: a systematic literature review
Authors: Spiegl Ulrich J. , Osterhoff Georg , Bula Philipp , Hartmann Frank , Scheyerer Max J. , Schnake Klaus J. , Ullrich Bernhard W. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this review is to systematically screen the literature for clinical and biomechanical studies dealing with posterior stabilization of acute traumatic mid-thoracic vertebral fractures in patients with normal bone quality.

Methods
This review is based on articles retrieved by a systematic search in the PubMed and Web of Science database for publications up to December 2018 dealing with the posterior stabilization of fractures of the mid-thoracic spine.

Results
Altogether, 1012 articles were retrieved from the literature search. A total of 960 articles were excluded. A total of 16 articles were dealing with the timing of surgery in polytraumatized patients, patients suffering of neurologic deficits after midthoracic fractures, and the impact of concomitant thoracic injuries and were excluded. Thus, 36 remaining original articles were included in this systematic review depicting the topics biomechanics, screw insertion, and outcome after posterior stabilization. The overall level of evidence of the vast majority of studies is low.

Conclusion
High quality studies are lacking. Long-segmental stabilization is indicated in unstable midthoracic fractures with concomitant sternal fractures. Generally, long-segmental constructs seem to be the safer treatment strategy considering the relative high penetration rate of pedicle screws in this region. Thereby, navigated insertion techniques and intraoperative 3D-imaging help to improve pedicle screw placement accuracy.