bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Xanthene Derivative, DS20060511, Attenuates Glucose Intolerance by Inducing Skeletal Muscle-specific GLUT4 Translocation in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Furuzono Shinji , Kubota Tetsuya , Taura Junki , Konishi Masahiro , Naito Asuka , Karasawa Hiroshi , Kubota Naoto , Kadowaki Takashi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Reduced glucose uptake into the skeletal muscle is an important pathophysiological abnormality in type 2 diabetes, and is caused by impaired translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the skeletal muscle cell surface. We found a novel xanthene compound, DS20060511, which induces GLUT4 translocation to the skeletal muscle cell surface, thereby stimulating glucose uptake into the skeletal muscle. DS20060511 induced GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake into differentiated L6-miytubes and into the skeletal muscles of live mice. These effects were completely abolished in GLUT4 knockout mice. Induction of GLUT4 surface translocation by DS20060511 was independent of the insulin signaling pathways including IRS1-Akt-AS160 phosphorylation and IRS1-Rac1-actin polymerization, eNOS pathway and AMPK pathway. Acute and chronic DS20060511 treatment attenuated the glucose intolerance in obese diabetic mice. Taken together, DS20060511 acts as a skeletal muscle specific-GLUT4 translocation enhancer to facilitate glucose utilization. Further studies with DS20060511 would help to develop a novel antidiabetic medicine.
A Novel Prognostic Model to Predict Prognosis of Patients With Osteosarcoma Based on Clinical Characteristics and Blood Biomarkers
Authors: Tian Liru , Chen Shulin , Li Chuan , Zhong Dongmei , Chen Yuyu , Zhou Taifeng , Yang Xiaoming , Liao Zhiheng , Wang Tingting , Su Peiqiang , Xu Caixia 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To develop a novel prognostic model based on clinical characteristics and blood biomarkers to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in osteosarcoma (OSC) patients.Methods: A total of 71 patients with OSC from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively included. The novel prognostic model for predicting OS and PFS was established by using Lasso regression analysis based on blood biomarkers. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the novel prognostic model was compared with TNM staging and clinical treatment using concordance index (C-index), time-dependent ROC (tdROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), net reclassification improvement index (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement index (IDI).Results: Based on the Lasso regression analysis, we identified a 5 prognostic factors module (RBC, Ca2+, CRE, PNI, and LSR) as a novel predictive model for the OSC patients. The C-index of the novel prognostic model for predicting OS and PFS were 0.782 (95% CI = 0.658 - 0.905) and 0.741 (95% CI = 0.632 - 0.851), respectively, which were higher than that of TNM staging and clinical treatment. The tdROC curve and DCA also showed the novel model had good predictive accuracy and discriminatory power than TNM staging and treatment both in predicting OS and PFS. Moreover, the novel prognostic model performed well in all time frames (1, 3 and 5 years) in terms of the IDI and NRI when compared with the TNM staging, and clinical treatment.Conclusions: The novel prognostic model showed favorable performance than TNM staging and clinical treatment for predicting OS and PFS in OSC patients.
Identification of an Immune-related Signature That Indicates the Dedifferentiation of Thyroid Cells
Authors: Wang Xuemin , Li Chunyan , Qin Rujia , Zhong Zhaoming , Sun Chuan-Zheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma can achieve long-term survival after reasonable treatments, but there is no standard treatment mode for poorly or undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma and its prognosis is very poor. Immune cells, especially tumor-associated macrophages, account for a large proportion of the tumor microenvironment of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATCs). However, whether immune-related genes can mediate the dedifferentiation of thyroid cells is unclear.Methods: We initially compared the differences of thyroid differentiation score, infitration of immune cells and enriched pathways between ATCs and papillary thyroid carcionma (PTCs) or normal thyroid tissues in Gene Expression Omnibus database. Then, The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to screen out the prognosis associated IRGs. A risk score was constructed and we next investigated its predictive value for differentiation by applying receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and correlation analyses. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to evaluated its prognostic value. We further explored the associations of the risk score with important immune checkpoint molecules, infiltrating immune cells and response to immunotherapy.Results: Compared with PTCs or normal thyroid tissues, ATCs exhibited lower thyroid differentiation scores, higher infiltration of most immune cells and higher activation of inflammatory response. The risk score composed of MMP9 and SDC2 was significantly increased in ATCs and low differentiated PTCs. Moreover, it showed favorable predictive value for differentiation and survival. Higher risk score displayed dedifferentiation status and a worse prognosis. Additionly, the risk score was positively correlated with immune checkpoint molecules PDL1, CTLA4, IDO1, HAVCR2 and infiltration of multiple immune cells. Importantly, we found that samples with higher risk score tend to have a better response to immune checkpoint agents than lower ones.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the risk score may not only contribute to the judgement of differentiation and prognosis of thyroid cancer, but also help to the prediction of immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint inhibitor response.
Analysis of the Early Clinical Outcomes of Arthroscopic Debridement in the Treatment of Shoulder Tuberculosis
Authors: He Yan Wei , Liu Jun-Cai , Wang Zhi , Zhou Peng , Deng Xiang tian , Yang Li , Chen Zan , Li Zhong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Due to atypical clinical symptoms, it is difficult to diagnose joint tuberculosis infection, which often results in misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. It is easy to cause joint disability, and there are few reports of using arthroscopy to diagnose and treat shoulder tuberculosis. This case series aims to introduce the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic treatment of shoulder tuberculosis.Methods 29 patients with shoulder tuberculosis from September 2013 to February 2019, 10 males, 19 females. Age range from 22-69, The average age is 37.6 years. All patients underwent arthroscopic lesion debridement, preoperative and postoperative regular use of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, streptomycin quadruple anti-tuberculosis drugs.The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C reactive protein (CRP) were recorded before and at the last follow-up. The shoulder function was evaluated according to the visual analogue scoring method (visual analogue scale,VAS) pain score and Constant score. Results 29 patients were followed up for 12-24 months, the average follow-up time was 15.7 months. The pathological diagnosis of all patients after surgery was shoulder tuberculosis. No serious complications were found at the last follow-up, and the incision healed well. VAS pain score, Constant score, ESR and CRP at the last follow-up were significantly improved compared with those before treatment (p<0.05).Conclusion On the basis of the standard use of anti-tuberculosis drugs before and after surgery, shoulder arthroscopy is used to treat early and mid-term shoulder tuberculosis, which can be diagnosed by direct observation under the arthroscope and postoperative pathological examination. It has the advantages of thorough lesion removal, minimally invasive, rapid recovery, and reliable clinical effect.
Can Indices of Myocardial Damage Predict Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Outcomes?
Authors: Koga Hitoshi , Tashiro Hideki , Mukasa Kouta , Inoue Tomohiro , Okamoto Aya , Urabe Shougo , Sagara Shuuichirou , Yano Kazumi , Onitsuka Kouhei , Yamashita Hisashi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Carbon monoxide causes electrical, functional, and morphological changes in the heart. It is not clear, however, whether the indices of myocardial damage can predict the patient’s prognosis after carbon monoxide poisoning. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the relation between the carboxyhemoglobin level and electrocardiographic (ECG) changes and whether the ECG changes and troponin I levels are related to the patient’s prognosis after carbon monoxide poisoning.Results: Carboxyhemoglobin, troponin I, and ECG parameters were measured in 70 patients with carbon monoxide poisoning. The QT and RR intervals were measured for each ECG lead in all patients, and the corrected QT interval and corrected QT dispersion were calculated. The correlation between the maximum corrected QT interval and the carboxyhemoglobin level was significant (P=0.0072, R2=0.1017), as were the relationships between QT dispersion and carboxyhemoglobin (P<0.001, R2=0.2358) and the corrected QT dispersion and carboxyhemoglobin (P<0.001, R2=0.2613). The multivariate logistic analysis showed that the significant predictors of sequential disability were hyperbaric oxygen therapy (P=0.0182), corrected QT dispersion (P=0.0062), and troponin I level (P=0.0002).Conclusions: Patients’ prognosis following carbon monoxide poisoning can be predicted based on corrected QT dispersion and the troponin I level. Patients with myocardial damage should be monitored not only for their cardiovascular outcome but also for their neurological outcome and their prognosis.
Repetitive and Restricted Behaviours and Anxiety in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sellick Tegan , Ure Alexandra , Williams Katrina 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by persistent deficits in social functioning and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviours (RRBs). RRBs refer to four subtypes of behaviour including repetitive movements, speech or use of objects; insistence on sameness; restricted interests; and sensory processing abnormalities. Many individuals with ASD also experience anxiety, which compounds ASD related difficulties and inhibits daily functioning. RRBs have been found to be positively associated with anxiety, however our understanding of the interplay between RRB subtypes and anxiety remains unclear. Thus, the current review aims to systematically review and meta-analyse the association between RRBs and anxiety. Methods This review will collate studies which analyse the association between RRBs and anxiety in individuals with ASD. We will search five databases: CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Articles included in the review will have their titles, abstracts and full texts reviewed by two independent authors and their risk of bias assessed via the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. DiscussionThis will be the first review to examine the association between anxiety and the four subtypes of RRBs in individuals with ASD. Understanding this relationship, and the factors associated with this, may help clinicians understand the different underpinnings and presentations of anxiety within this population with potential implications for assessment and treatment.Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO CRD42020185434
Maintenance of Smoking Cessation in Korean Single Mothers
Authors: Lee Mi-Ji , Lee Kang-Sook 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Single mothers in South Korea are vulnerable to developing smoking habits, due to many difficulties and limitations; however, they have often been overlooked by smoking cessation support services. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the demographic and smoking-related characteristics of single mothers registered with the Seeking Smoking Cessation Services Program in Seoul, South Korea, to identify factors associated with smoking cessation maintenance at 4, 6, 12, and 24 weeks after the they initially quit smoking.Methods: The participants were 77 single mothers registered at the Seeking Smoking Cessation Services Program. Data were included from a three-year span (January 2017 to December 2019). Smoking cessation counseling, motivational enhancement, and self-exploration counseling were provided for six months. The participants were evaluated on their smoking cessation status at 4, 6, 12, and 24 weeks.Results: Most participants were aged 22 years or younger. The rates of smoking cessation maintenance were 58.4%, 39%, 28%, and 18% at 4, 6, 12, and 24 weeks, respectively. The rate of smoking cessation maintenance increased as the number of counseling sessions attended increased. Smoking cessation maintenance was also significantly associated with pregnancy status, exhaled carbon monoxide level, and drinking. Conclusion: A counseling program to effectively promote smoking cessation and enhance motivation to maintain smoking cessation should be developed and provided to single mothers. Smoking cessation counselors have an important role as sources of support for those who want to quit smoking, and should aim to reduce the rate of smoking among single mothers by providing them with consistent counseling.
Acceptability and Feasibility of the CHARISMA Counseling Intervention to Support Women’s Use of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Authors: Wilson Ellen , Wagner L. Danielle , Palanee-Phillips Thesla , Roberts Sarah T. , Tolley Elizabeth E. , Mathebula Florence , Pascoe Laura , Lanham Michele , Wilcher Rose , Montgomery Elizabeth 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Women may need or seek male partner approval to {Malow, 2000 #18}{Malow, 2000 #18}{Malow, 2000 #18}{Malow, 2000 #18}safely and consistently use oral antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) or vaginal microbicides. We developed CHARISMA, a counseling intervention to support women’s relationships and their ability to consistently use HIV prevention products.Methods: In a pilot study with 95 female participants in Johannesburg, South Africa, lay counselors assessed participants’ relationship(s) with their male partner(s) and barriers or facilitators to HIV prevention method use, and then provided tailored, interactive counseling. We conducted study participant surveys and clinic staff interviews to evaluate CHARISMA’s feasibility and acceptability.Results: The CHARISMA pilot study indicates that a two-session relationship counseling intervention with 6-month follow-up to support women’s ability to safely and effectively use vaginal microbicides was generally acceptable and feasible. Most participants thought CHARISMA was relevant, helpful, and about the right length, and that it had a positive impact on their relationships with their partners and their product use. Staff stated that it was generally feasible to implement. Based on these promising preliminary findings, the project team is currently conducting a randomized controlled trial in which participants are receive either the standard of care for IPV screening and referral (control arm) or the CHARISMA intervention.Conclusions: Clinic staff felt strongly that the length and intensity of CHARISMA were necessary for participants to begin to trust the counselors enough to be open and honest about problems in their relationships, and to begin to overcome the normalization of intimate partner violence. The length and intensity of CHARISMA may not be feasible in some settings, but a shorter version of the intervention may not offer as much support as women and staff need. One possible approach to reduce the burden on clinic staff would be to self-administer the intervention through a computer rather than requiring a counselor. Lessons learned from the pilot study may be relevant to others developing interventions supporting women’s use of oral PrEP or vaginal microbicides.
The change in dietary inflammatory index score is associated with control of long-term rheumatoid arthritis disease activity in a Japanese cohort: the TOMORROW study
Authors: Matsumoto Yoshinari , Shivappa Nitin , Sugioka Yuko , Tada Masahiro , Okano Tadashi , Mamoto Kenji , Inui Kentaro , Habu Daiki , Hebert James R. , Koike Tatsuya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background The dietary inflammatory index (DII®), a quantitative measure of the inflammatory potential of daily food and nutrient intake, and associations between a variety of health outcomes have been reported. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report which investigated the association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and DII. Therefore, we investigate the association between the DII and disease activity in patients with RA.Methods We performed a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis using 6 years of data (from 2011 to 2017) in TOMORROW, a 10-year prospective cohort study consisting of 208 RA patients and 205 gender- and age-matched non-RA controls recruited in 2010. Disease activity of RA patients was assessed annually using DAS28-ESR (disease activity score 28 joints and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate) as a composite measure based on arthritic symptoms in 28 joints plus global health assessment and ESR. Dietary data were collected in 2011 and 2017 using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Energy-adjusted DII (E-DIITM) score was calculated using 26 nutrients derived from the BDHQ. Data were analyzed with two-group comparisons, correlation analysis, and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results RA patients had significantly higher E-DII (pro-inflammatory) score compared to controls both in 2011 and 2017 (p < 0.05). E-DII score showed statistically significant negative correlation with age in RA patients, both in 2011 (r = -0.20) and 2017 (r = -0.23). Controls also showed a similar trend. In RA patients, E-DII score was not a factor associated with disease activity in a cross-sectional analysis. However, decline in E-DII (anti-inflammatory change) score was a factor that increased the odds of maintaining low disease activity (DAS28-ESR ≤ 3.2) or less for 6 years (OR: 4.33, 95%CI: 1.66-11.29, p = 0.003).Conclusions E-DII score was high in RA patients and lowering E-DII score over time may be beneficial in controlling disease activity in patients with RA.Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry, http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/, UMIN000003876. Registered 7 Aug 2010 - Retrospectively registered.
Is an Individually Tailored Programme of Intense Leg Resistance and Dynamic Exercise Acceptable to Adults with an Acute Lateral Patellar Dislocation? A Feasibility Study
Authors: Forde Colin , Haddad Mark , Hirani Shashivadan P , Keene David J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: lateral patellar dislocations mainly affect active teenagers and young adults. To help people recover, non-surgical exercise-based treatment is often recommended but the optimal exercise-based treatment is unknown. Currently, treatment outcomes after this injury are variable. Common problems include recurrent dislocation, reduced activity levels, and later surgery. A programme of intense leg resistance exercises, and dynamic exercises related to participants’ activity-related goals, has rationale, but has not been previously reported. In line with Medical Research Council guidance, this study aimed to assess the acceptability of a novel evidence-based exercise programme for adults after acute lateral patellar dislocation and the feasibility of future research evaluating this treatment.Methods: a single-group prospective study was conducted at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK. Participants were 16 years or older with an acute first-time or recurrent lateral patellar dislocation. Participants received up to six face-to-face, one-to-one, physiotherapy sessions, over maximum three months, and performed intensive home exercises independently at least three times per week. Strategies to increase exercise adherence were used. Primary objectives were to determine the number of eligible patients, the recruitment rate (proportion of eligible patients that provided written informed consent), participant adherence to scheduled physiotherapy sessions and self-reported adherence to prescribed exercise, and intervention acceptability to participants measured by attrition and a study-specific questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics.Results: 15/22 (68%) patients with a lateral patellar dislocation were eligible. All eligible (100%) were recruited. 2/15 (13%) participants provided no outcome data, 2/15 (13%) provided partial outcome data, and 11/15 (73%) provided all outcome data. Questionnaire responses demonstrated high intervention acceptability to participants. Participants attended 56/66 (85%) physiotherapy sessions and 10/11 (91%) participants reported they ‘always’ or ‘often’ completed prescribed exercise. One participant redislocated their patella; another experienced knee pain or swelling lasting more than one week after home exercise on three occasions.Conclusion: the intervention appeared acceptable to adults after acute lateral patellar dislocation and future larger-scale research appears feasible. Future research should estimate feasibility outcomes with increased precision and assess participants’ willingness to be randomised to different treatments across multiple centres.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03798483, registered January 10, 2019 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03798483?term=INDEX-KD&draw=2&rank=1
The Influence of Cognitive Load on Balance Control During Steady-State Walking
Authors: Small Gabriella H , Brough Lydia G , Neptune Richard 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFor an individual to walk, they must maintain control of their dynamic balance. However, situations that present an increased cognitive load may impair an individual’s ability to control their balance. While dual-task studies have analyzed walking-while-talking conditions, few studies have focused specifically on the influence of cognitive load on balance control. The purpose of this study was to assess how individuals prioritize their cognitive resources and control dynamic balance during dual-task conditions of varying difficulty. MethodsYoung healthy adults (n = 15) performed two single-task conditions (spelling while standing and walking with no cognitive load) and three dual-task conditions (walking with increasing cognitive load: attentive listening, spelling short words backwards and spelling long words backwards). Repeated measures analysis of variances were used to assess differences in balance outcome measures and cognitive performance. ResultsCognitive performance did not change between the single- and dual-task conditions as measured by percent error and response rate ( p = 0.3). Balance control, assessed as the range of whole-body angular momentum, did not change between the no load and listening conditions, but decreased during the short and long spelling conditions ( p < 0.001). ConclusionsThese results showed that balance control decreases during dual-task treadmill walking with increased cognitive loads, but that cognitive performance does not change. The decrease in balance control suggests that participants prioritized cognitive performance over balance control during these dual-task walking conditions. This work offers additional insight into the automaticity of walking and task-prioritization in healthy individuals and provides the basis for future studies to determine differences in neurologically impaired populations.