bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transkutane osseointegrierte Prothesensysteme (TOPS) zur Versorgung
Oberschenkelamputierter
Authors: Ranker Alexander , Örgel Marcus , Beck James Peter , Krettek Christian , Aschoff Horst Heinrich 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Der Studie Durchgeführt wurde eine retrospektive Analyse der
klinischen Ergebnisse und Komplikationsraten aller oberschenkelamputierten
Patienten eines Zentrums, die mit dem neuesten Implantatdesign der sogenannten
Endo-Exo-Femur-Prothese (EEFP, dritte Generation) versorgt wurden. Ziel ist es,
spezifische Informationen zu Langzeitkomplikationen dieser
Amputationsversorgungsform zu gewinnen.
Methodik Im Januar 2019 wurden Daten aller Oberschenkelamputierten, die
von 2010 bis 2016 an einer Akutklinik aus Schleswig-Holstein mit TOPS versorgt
wurden, retrospektiv analysiert. Dies geschah unter besonderer
Berücksichtigung der postoperativen Komplikationen. Hierfür
wurden alle Untersuchungsbefunde der klinischen Routine-Nachsorge-Untersuchungen
herangezogen. Die Komplikationen wurden unterteilt in Stomaprobleme,
orthopädie-technische Probleme, Frakturen und Explantationen. Alle EEFPs
besaßen das gleiche Implantatdesign (dritte Generation). Dieses
Implantat findet derzeit als einziges TOPS in Deutschland klinische Anwendung.
Eine deskriptive Statistik des Patientenkollektivs, sowie
Verhältnisangaben über aufgetretene Komplikationen wurden
berechnet.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden in diesem Zeitraum 68 Implantationen
durchgeführt. Durchschnittliche Beobachtungszeit war 6,32 Jahre
(±2,16 Jahre). Das mittlere Alter der Patienten betrug 51,84
Jahre±12,12 Jahre. Ursache der Amputation waren überwiegend
Traumata (82,35%). Stoma-assoziierte Probleme zeigten mit 7% die
höchste Inzidenz innerhalb aller beobachteten, patientenassoziierten
Komplikationen und stellten die größten Herausforderungen
während des Rehabilitationsprozesses dar. Betrachtet man nur die
chirurgischen Komplikationen, so hatten 81% überhaupt keine
Komplikationen. Insgesamt wiesen 15% orthopädie-technische
Probleme auf, 6% eine peri-prothetische Fraktur, 7% Probleme am
Stoma und 3% mussten aufgrund einer Infektion explantiert werden.
Schlussfolgerung Die erhobene Datenanalyse zeigt, dass TOPS (hier die
EEFP der dritten Generation) eine erfolgreiche alternative Behandlungsmethode
zur Schaftprothesenversorgung für Patienten mit
Oberschenkelknochenverlust darstellen können. Die Indikation sollte erst
nach dem Versagen einer Schaftversorgung erfolgen und Kontraindikationen
müssen umfassend ausgeschlossen werden. Die größten
Herausforderungen im Rehabilitationsprozess stellen die Vermeidung von
Stomakomplikationen, Infektionen und orthopädie-technischen Problemen
dar. Die Rehabilitation von Amputierten, die mit TOPS behandelt werden,
erfordert daher ein interdisziplinäres, spezialisiertes
Rehabilitations-Team und eine lebenslange rehabilitative Versorgung.
Recent Developments on Denitrogenative Functionalization of Benzotriazoles
Authors: Yan Guobing , Tiwari Vinod K. , Yu Jie , Singh Anoop S. , Yu Jian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBenzotriazoles are employed as useful synthons in organic synthesis, and due to their unique structural motif, they are able to undergo denitrogenation during the construction of new bonds. Various methods for the functionalization of benzotriazoles as precursors of ­ortho-amino arenediazoniums have recently been developed that involve transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions, mainly via cyclization, borylation, alkenylation, alkylation, carbonylation and the formation of carbon–heteroatom bonds. In this short review, we primarily focus on the recent applications of benzotriazoles in organic chemistry that proceed via a denitrogenative process, and the mechanisms are also discussed.1	Introduction2	Common Synthetic Routes Allowing Easy Access to Benzotriazole	Derivatives3	Formation of C–C Bonds3.1	Cyclization Reactions3.2	Arylation, Alkenylation, Alkylation and Carbonylation Reactions4	Carbon–Heteroatom Bond Formation5	Miscellaneous Denitrogenative Functionalization6	Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Patellofemoral Arthroplasty Improves Patellofemoral Alignment in Patients with Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis with Trochlear Dysplasia
Authors: Yang Guangmin , Wang Jue , Dai Yike , Lin Wei , Niu Jinghui , Wang Fei 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe impact of trochlear dysplasia on patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) has rarely been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of PFA in patients with patellofemoral osteoarthritis (PFOA) associated with trochlear dysplasia. From January 2014 to March 2018, 35 patients with PFOA and trochlear dysplasia (29 females and 6 males), underwent PFA, were included in the present retrospective study. Radiological measurements including the patellar tilt (PT), congruence angle (CA), Blackburne–Peel ratio (BPR), tibial tuberosity–trochlear groove (TT–TG) distance, and lateral trochlear inclination (LTI) were assessed pre- and postoperatively to evaluate the changes in patellofemoral alignment. The patient-reported functional outcome was assessed using the Oxford Knee Score. The mean follow-up time was 24 months (range, 18–42 months). The intraclass correlation coefficients were excellent for all measurements. The patellofemoral alignment and knee function were significantly improved postoperatively. The PT decreased from 23.3 ± 6.3 degrees preoperatively to 6.4 ± 2.3 degrees postoperatively (p < 0.001). The CA decreased from 32.3 ± 8.6 degrees preoperatively to 10.2 ± 3.6 degrees postoperatively (p < 0.001). The lateral trochlear inclination increased from 8.3 ± 4.1 degrees preoperatively to 16.0 ± 1.2 degrees postoperatively (p < 0.001). The TT–TG distance decreased from 18.2 ± 3.8 mm preoperatively to 11.5 ± 3.3 mm postoperatively (p < 0.001). The BPR did not significantly change postoperatively (p = 0.390). The average Oxford Knee Score improved from 19.5 preoperatively to 29.2 at 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.001), 37.9 at 1 year postoperatively (p < 0.001), and 39.1 at final follow-up (p < 0.001). No patient developed patellofemoral malalignment or prosthesis loosening during short-term follow-up. PFA achieved favorable therapeutic results in patients with PFOA associated with trochlear dysplasia.
Innovation in Community Psychiatry for the Delivery of Mental Health Services: The Sawangi Model
Authors: Behere Prakash B. , Nagdive Amit B. , Behere Aniruddh P. , Yadav Richa , Fernandes Rouchelle 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives Can undergraduate medical students (UGs) adopt a village model to identify mentally ill persons in an adopted village successfully?

Materials and Methods UGs during their first year adopt a village, and each student adopts seven families in the villages. During the visit, they look after immunization, tobacco and alcohol abuse, nutrition, hygiene, and sanitation. They help in identifying the health needs (including mental health) of the adopted family. The Indian Psychiatric Survey Schedule containing 15 questions covering most of the psychiatric illnesses were used by UGs to identify mental illness in the community. Persons identified as suffering from mental illness were referred to a consultant psychiatrist for confirmation of diagnosis and further management.

Statistical Analysis  Calculated by percentage of expected mentally ill persons based on prevalence of mental illness in the rural community and is compared with actual number of patients with mental illness identified by the UGs. True-positive, false-positive, and true predictive values were derived.

Results In Umri village, UGs were able to identify 269 persons as true positives and 25 as false positives, whereas in Kurzadi village, UGs were able to identify 221 persons as true positives and 35 as false positives. It suggests UGs were able to identify mental illnesses with a good positive predictive value. In Umri village, out of 294 mentally ill patients, it gave a true positive value of 91.49% and a false positive value of 8.5%, whereas in Kurzadi village, out of the 256 mentally ill patients, it gave a true positive value of 86.3% and a false positive value of 13.67%.

Conclusion The ratio of psychiatrists in India is approximately 0.30 per 100,000 population due to which psychiatrists alone cannot cover the mental health problems of India. Therefore, we need a different model to cover mental illness in India, which is discussed in this article.
FEM Analysis Applied to OT Bridge Abutment with Seeger Retention System
Authors: Cervino Gabriele , Cicciù Marco , Fedi Simone , Milone Dario , Fiorillo Luca 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this investigation is to highlight the technical components of a new kind of screw-retained dental implant prosthesis. The hypothesis is whether the OT Bridge (Rhein 83 S.R.L.; Bologna, Italy) system could be applied without secondary screw in the “all-on-four” retention system, thanks to the presence of an internal seeger.
Materials and Methods By using engineering device such as finite element method (FEM) and von Mises investigation, it has been studied how the fixed prosthodontics for full-arch retention can be influenced by the presence of the screw for stabilizing it.
Results In a dental implant, one model with four different configurations of the full-arch prosthesis retainer and the seeger has been investigated and then examined in contrast with or without the passant screw for locking the system. The experiments of this virtual study highlighted different features and mechanical behaviors of prosthodontic attachments.
Conclusion The first two configurations, respectively those in which there are four and three connection screws, are safe and predictable. Therefore, the presence of the seeger significantly improves the stability and the retention of the whole prosthesis.
Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia recomenda o sistema Nutri-Score como modelo de avaliação do perfil nutricional de alimentos industrializados
Authors: Nogueira-de-Almeida Carlos Alberto , Ribas-Filho Durval 
Published: September 2020

ResumoSociedades organizadas, governo e indústria têm buscado formas de garantir ao consumidor informações nutricionais confiáveis e de fácil interpretação. Um dos aspectos que se tem discutido refere-se à possibilidade de oferecer um número maior de dados, em relação a aspectos críticos à saúde, que possam decodificar, sem substituir, aqueles já presentes na lista de ingredientes e na tabela de informação nutricional, de forma a permitir rápida interpretação. Nesse sentido, a Associação Brasileira de Nutrologia está buscando colaborar com essa iniciativa propondo a utilização do modelo Nutri-Score, em forma adaptada, como um método de informação do perfil nutricional. O presente documento revisa esse modelo, demonstra sua validação científica e sugere adaptações a fim de torná-lo mais informativo.
Mycobacterium Immunogenum Flexor Tenosynovitis: A Case Report
Authors: Aryee Jomar N. A. , Akinleye Sheriff D. , Freilich Aaron M. , Deal D. Nicole 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) flexor tenosynovitis represents a rare but potentially devastating manifestation of upper extremity infection. We present a novel case of NTM flexor tenosynovitis in which Mycobacter iumimmunogenum was found to be the causative agent.
Case Description The patient presented with pain and insidiously progressive swelling and required multiple operative interventions and a complex antimicrobial regimen based on susceptibility profiles. Specifically, our patient was managed with three debridements and empiric antimicrobial agents based on inherent macrolide sensitivity, with later conversion to a complex antimicrobial regimen tailored to sensitivity.
Literature Review The diagnosis and management of NTM tenosynovitis arechallenging because of low suspicion, nonspecific presentation, and cumbersome laboratory identification techniques. M. immunogenum was only characterized in the past two decades, and, to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of the pathogen causing a musculoskeletal infection.
Clinical Relevance We present this case primarily because of the novelty of the organism and to demonstrate the recalcitrant nature of the infection. Due to the extensive resistant patterns of M. immunogenum, management requires complex antimicrobial preparations and almost certainly needs multispecialty collaboration between orthopaedic surgery and infectious diseases.
Anatomical Study and Clinical Application of Ulnar Artery Proximal Perforator Flaps
Authors: Cherubino Mario , Bolletta Alberto , Baroni Tommaso , Di Taranto Giuseppe , Losco Luigi , Rubino Corrado , Valdatta Luigi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to document the vascular anatomy of the free ulnar artery proximal perforator flap and to highlight the possibility of harvesting it based on the perforators originating from the posterior ulnar recurrent artery (PURA), to spare both the main axis of vascular supply to the hand. In addition, we present a case series of five patients treated for soft tissue defects of the hand with free ulnar artery proximal perforator flaps.
Methods Ten specimens of anterior forearm were dissected in this study to register number and characteristics of ulnar perforators. The dissection was focused on the perforators originating from the larger branch of the ulnar artery, the PURA, at the proximal third of anteromedial forearm. The anatomical dissections were evaluated in relationship with clinical dissections performed during flap harvesting in five patients.
Results In three of the specimens dissected, the proximal perforator originated from the PURA, and in the other seven specimens, it originated directly from the ulnar artery. Five cases of reconstruction of the hand were performed with success using the free ulnar artery proximal perforator flap, and in two cases, the perforator from the PURA was found and it was possible to raise the flap based on this branch of the ulnar artery.
Conclusion The free ulnar artery proximal perforator flap can be harvested in two different manners for the same skin island of the forearm. When possible, harvesting it form the PURA allows lengthening of the pedicle. In our experience, this flap presents many advantages such as thinness and hairlessness; it allows preservation of the ulnar neurovascular bundle with an acceptable donor site morbidity. Level of evidence: IV.
Microvillus Inclusion Disease: A Rare Mutation of STX3 in Exon 9 Causing Fatal Congenital Diarrheal Disease
Authors: Pournami Femitha , MK Alok Kumar , Panackal Anila V. , Nandakumar Anand , Prabhakar Jyothi , Jain Naveen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInherited diarrheal disorders cause serious morbidity resulting in dependence on intensive care and parenteral nutrition. Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) has been classically described and results from mutations in the gene coding myosin Vb, which is responsible for enterocyte polarization. Newer reports of mutations resulting in truncated syntaxin 3 (STX3) and Munc18-2 (STXBP2) proteins have been elucidated as causative. To date, five cases of STX3 abnormalities resulting in MVID have been described. We report an infant who presented with congenital diarrhea and was determined to have a rare mutation of STX3. This new finding would be beneficial in future functional genotype–phenotype correlation studies.
Prescribing, care and resistance: antibiotic use in urban South Africa
Authors: Manderson Lenore 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn South Africa, patients’ and providers’ expectations of transactions in health services converge in consultations for acute respiratory tract infections with the prescription of antibiotics. To explore this, a qualitative study was undertaken at community health centres and private general practice surgeries in four areas of metropolitan South Africa, selected purposively to allow for wide variability in terms of socioeconomic status and ethnicities/race of patient populations. With permission, clinic waiting rooms and patient/provider consultations were observed, and 65 in-depth interviews were undertaken with patients or parents or guardians presenting with children. These interviews were complemented by interviews with health providers (26) and key informants (12). All interviews were recorded, transcribed and imported into NVivo 12 for management. Data were open coded, with individual interviews and observational data compared and contrasted to highlight understandings and practices of care, antibiotic precription and use. In this article, I illustrate how the social context of patient and provider interactions in primary care settings influenced treatment. Community health centres and clinics were (and are) stretched for resources, and there were long wait times before patients can be seen; consultations were brief, with relatively little verbal exchange on the management of coughs and colds. Providers’ decisions of treatment were informed by clinical assessment, concern about the risks of bacterial infection, and perceptions of patient ability to seek further care and advice—a mix of clinical and social considerations. While patients did not always request antibiotics and were willing to discuss how to manage acute conditions without them, doctors in private practice still often provided a prescription, sometimes post-dated to discourage use but with the option for medication if needed. In the public sector, the provision of a prescription also reflected clinicans’ appreciation of economic constraint and vulnerability. As described, patients understood principles of the appropriate use and storage of antibiotics, in contrast to other medications, and they were largely open to discussions with their providers about whether or not to use an antibiotic. However, their own and their prescribing providers had varied understandings of the mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics and so the need for antibiotic stewardship.
Early evolutionary loss of the lipid A modifying enzyme PagP resulting in innate immune evasion inYersinia pestis
Authors: Chandler Courtney E. , Harberts Erin M. , Pelletier Mark R. , Thaipisuttikul Iyarit , Jones Jace W. , Hajjar Adeline M. , Sahl Jason W. , Goodlett David R. , Pride Aaron C. , Rasko David A. , Trent M. Stephen , Bishop Russell E. , Ernst Robert K. 
Published: September 2020

SignificanceImmune evasion is a hallmark ofYersinia pestispathogenesis, including loss of pathogen-associated patterns recognized by Toll-like receptors. During its life cycle,Y. pestisalternates between mammalian hosts and arthropod transmission vectors and concurrently remodels its membrane, specifically modifying the structure of the lipid A portion of its lipopolysaccharide recognized by TLR4-MD2. Genomic analysis identified a single-nucleotide polymorphism that results in a premature stop in translation of the lipid A acyltransferasepagP, resulting in synthesis of a stealthy, hypoacylated lipid A structure absent in other Yersiniaceae. This provides evidence of lipid A as a crucial determinant inY. pestisinfectivity, pathogenesis, and host innate immune evasion and represents one of the earliest identified adaptations ofY. pestisfromYersinia pseudotuberculosis.
Active vision shapes and coordinates flight motor responses in flies
Authors: Cellini Benjamin , Mongeau Jean-Michel 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Many animals, including humans, move their eyes, head, and/or body to stabilize visual gaze. Revealing how the nervous system relays visual information to control the eyes, head, and/or body together is critical to understanding gaze stabilization. Here, we studied how tethered, flying fruit flies combine head movements and wing steering efforts to stabilize gaze. By combining experimental and theoretical approaches we show that head movements shape visual information, which in turn increases the strength of wing steering responses. Moreover, head movements preceded and coordinated downstream wing steering responses, establishing a temporal order. Taken together, head movements and their influence on visual inputs must be considered to fully appreciate the potential of visual information processing for flight control.
B cells expressing authentic naive human VRC01-class BCRs can be recruited to germinal centers and affinity mature in multiple independent mouse models
Authors: Huang Deli , Abbott Robert K. , Havenar-Daughton Colin , Skog Patrick D. , Al-Kolla Rita , Groschel Bettina , Blane Tanya R. , Menis Sergey , Tran Jenny Tuyet , Thinnes Theresa C. , Volpi Sabrina A. , Liguori Alessia , Schiffner Torben , Villegas Sophia M. , Kalyuzhniy Oleksandr , Pintea Mark , Voss James E. , Phelps Nicole , Tingle Ryan , Rodriguez Alberto R. , Martin Greg , Kupryianov Sergey , deCamp Allan , Schief William R. , Nemazee David , Crotty Shane 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Rational development of successful vaccines requires utilization of predictive models of vaccination. One approach for development of an HIV vaccine has been to study broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) and revert the mutations back to germline. However, there are limitations to such models. Therefore, we generated three knockin mice expressing B cell receptors (BCRs) from authentic naive VRC01-class B cells from healthy human donors (“HuGL” mice). This approach revealed that human VRC01-class naive B cell BCRs are indeed competent for antigen-specific responses in vivo. Additionally, a series of experiments shows the importance of precursor frequency and affinity on B cell responses to vaccine antigens. Overall, these HuGL mouse models validate a central tenet of the germline-targeting approach to vaccine design.
Site-specific covalent labeling of large RNAs with nanoparticles empowered by expanded genetic alphabet transcription
Authors: Wang Yan , Chen Yaoyi , Hu Yanping , Fang Xianyang 
Published: September 2020

Significance
We present a site-specific NP labeling strategy for large RNAs by transcription using the TPT3-NaM UBP system. The applicability of this labeling strategy is validated by XSI measurements on 97-nt and 719-nt RNAs with site-specific Nanogold labels. This strategy is generally applicable to any natural and artificial RNAs that can be transcribed by T7 RNA polymerase (RNAP) or covalent conjugation of RNAs with other metal NPs. The usage of a far upstream forward primer during PCR enables easy purification of RNA from DNA templates, and the nondenaturing conditions for conjugation reactions and subsequent purification steps avoids potential large RNA misfolding. This labeling strategy expands our capability to site-specifically conjugate RNAs with NPs for many applications.
RubyACRs, nonalgal anion channelrhodopsins with highly red-shifted absorption
Authors: Govorunova Elena G. , Sineshchekov Oleg A. , Li Hai , Wang Yumei , Brown Leonid S. , Spudich John L. 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Our identification and characterization of two anion channelrhodopsins families, one from nonphotosynthetic microorganisms, shows that light-gated anion conductance is more widely spread among eukaryotic lineages than previously thought. The strongly red-shifted absorption spectra of the subset that we designate RubyACRs make them promising candidates for the long-sought inhibitory optogenetic tools producing large passive currents activated by red light, enabling deep tissue penetration. Previously only low-efficiency ion-pumping rhodopsins were available for neural inhibition at similar long wavelengths. The unusual residue composition of the retinal-binding pocket in RubyACRs expands our understanding of color tuning in rhodopsins. Finally, activation of chloride currents by energy transfer from a cytoplasmic fluorescent tag on RubyACRs introduces a potential dimension in molecular engineering of optogenetic tools.