bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of red ginseng–drug interaction by CYP3A activity increased in high dose administration in mice
Authors: Kim Younah , Jo Jung Jae , Cho Piljoung , Shrestha Riya , Kim Kyu Min , Ki Sung Hwan , Song Kyung‐Sik , Liu Kwang‐Hyeon , Song Im‐Sook , Kim Ju‐Hyun , Lee Jae‐Mok , Lee Sangkyu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGinseng (Panax ginseng Meyer) is a popular traditional herbal medicine used worldwide. Patients often take ginseng preparations with other medicines where the ginseng dose could exceed the recommended dose during long‐term administration. However, ginseng–drug interactions at high doses of ginseng are poorly understood. This study showed the possibility of herb–drug interactions between the Korean red ginseng (KRG) extract and cytochrome P450 (CYP) substrates in higher administration in mice. The CYP activities were determined in vivo after oral administration of KRG extract doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg for 2 or 4 weeks by monitoring the concentration of five CYP substrates/metabolites in the blood. The area under the curve for OH‐midazolam/midazolam catalysed by CYP3A was increased significantly by the administration of 2.0 g/kg KRG extract for 2 and 4 weeks. CYP3A‐catalysed midazolam 1ʹ‐hydroxylation also increased significantly in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner in the S9 fraction of mouse liver which was not related to induction by transcription. Whereas CYP2D‐catalysed dextromethorphan O‐deethylation decreased in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner in vivo. In conclusion, interactions were observed between KRG extract and CYP2D and CYP3A substrates at subchronic–high doses of KRG administration in mice.
3D‐Analyse von Betonfahrbahnoberflächen mit Grinding‐ und Groovingtextur mittels Streifenlichtprojektion
Authors: Rai Alena , Stelzner Ludwig , Weise Frank , Wieland Marko 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDie Oberflächentexturierung der Betonfahrbahndecken mittels Grinding und Grooving steht seit einigen Jahren im Mittelpunkt der Forschung und Entwicklung des Betonstraßenbaus in Deutschland. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden die vorteilhaften Oberflächenperformances derartiger Texturen, wie z. B. Griffigkeit, Ebenheit, Lärmminderung, in zahlreichen Forschungsprojekten umfassend untersucht und daraus die Technologie „Texturgrinding“ entwickelt.Im Kontext des gegenwärtig verfolgten ganzheitlichen performanceorientierten Ansatzes liegt der Fokus nun verstärkt auf der Analyse und Charakterisierung der Oberflächentopografie von Grinding‐ bzw. Groovingtexturen. Insbesondere gilt ein Hauptaugenmerk hierbei der zeitlichen Entwicklung der Oberflächentexturen in Abhängigkeit von äußeren Einwirkungen durch Klima und Verkehr.Dieser Beitrag zeigt, dass durch den Einsatz eines auf Streifenlichtprojektion basierenden Messsystems eine hochaufgelöste dreidimensionale Erfassung der Oberflächentopografie verschiedenartiger Grinding‐ und Groovingtexturen möglich ist. Darauf aufbauend wurden messtechnische Voraussetzungen zur Gewährleistung reproduzierbarer Messungen geschaffen, die eine Dokumentation der zeitlichen Texturveränderungen infolge klimatischer Beanspruchung ermöglichen. Anschließend wurden Auswerteroutinen zur quantitativen und statistischen Charakterisierung der Oberflächentextur entwickelt und angewandt, um exemplarisch die Veränderungen der Oberflächentopografie infolge klimatischer Beanspruchung quantitativ abzubilden.
Nanoelicitor based enhancement of camptothecin production in fungi isolated from Ophiorrhiza mungos
Authors: Aswani Ravi , Jasim Basheer , Arun Vishnu Renjan , Antony Liya , Remakanthan Appukuttan , Aravindakumar Charuvila T. , Radhakrishnan Edayileveettil Krishnankutty 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the study, endophytic fungi isolated from Ophiorrhiza mungos were screened for camptothecin (CPT) biosynthetic potential by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among the 16 fungi screened, OmF3, OmF4, and OmF6 were identified to synthesize CPT. Further LC–MS analysis also showed the presence of CPT specific m/z of 349 for the extracts from OmF3, OmF4, and OmF6. However, the fragmentation masses with m/z of 320, 305, 277 and 220 specific to the CPT could be identified only for the OmF3 and OmF4. These CPT producing fungi were further identified as Meyerozyma sp. OmF3 and Talaromyces sp. OmF4. The cultures of these two fungi were then supplemented with nanoparticles and analyzed for the quantitative enhancement of CPT production by LC–MS/MS. From the result, Meyerozyma sp. OmF3 was found to produce 947.3 ± 12.66 μg/L CPT, when supplemented with 1 μg/mL zinc oxide nanoparticles and the same for uninduced parental strain OmF3 was only 1.77 ± 0.13 μg/L. At the same time, Talaromyces sp. OmF4 showed the highest production of 28.97 ± 0.37 μg/L of CPT when cultured with 10 μg/mL silver nanoparticles and the same for uninduced strain was 1.19 ± 0.24 μg/L. The observed quantitative enhancement of fungal CPT production is highly interesting as it is a rapid and cost effective method. The study is remarkable due to the identification of novel fungal sources for CPT production and its enhancement by nanoparticle supplementation.
Baseline total lesion glycolysis combined with interim positron emission tomography‐computed tomography is a robust predictor of outcome in patients with peripheral T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Kitadate Akihiro , Narita Kentaro , Fukumoto Kouta , Terao Toshiki , Tsushima Takafumi , Kobayashi Hiroki , Abe Yoshiaki , Miura Daisuke , Takeuchi Masami , Machida Youichi , Matsue Kosei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL) represents a heterogeneous and rare subgroup of aggressive lymphomas that generally demonstrate poor clinical outcomes with conventional treatment. Since the prognosis of PTCL is heterogeneous, more accurate risk assessment, and risk‐adapted treatment strategies are required. In this study, we examined whether interim positron emission tomography (iPET)‐computed tomography (PET/CT) results can be combined with baseline volume‐based metabolic assessments including total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for risk stratification in PTCL.MethodsThe data of 63 patients with nodal PTCL, who had analyzable baseline PET/CT and iPET, were retrospectively reviewed. We calculated the baseline TMTV and TLG values. All iPET responses were analyzed using the Deauville 5‐point scale.ResultsOn univariate analysis, a prognostic index for PTCL (PIT) higher than 2 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.03; P = .026), high TMTV (>389 cm3; HR, 2.24; P = .01), high TLG (>875; HR, 3.77; P = .0005), and positive iPET (HR, 2.18; P = .009) were significantly associated with poorer progression‐free survival (PFS). On multivariate analysis, only high TLG and positive iPET independently predicted both poorer overall survival (OS) and PFS. A model combining TLG and iPET showed that patients with low TLG and negative iPET had superior outcomes, with a 5‐year PFS and OS of 72% and 90%, respectively. Conversely, both 5‐year PFS and OS for those with high TLG and positive iPET were 0%.ConclusionsIn summary, TLG combined with iPET predicted survival in PTCL more accurately. This information may help in the development of risk‐adapted treatment strategies for PTCL.
Active Carbon from Microwave Date Stones for Toxic Dye Removal: Setting the Design Capacity
Authors: Hijab Mouhammad S. , Parthasarathy Prakash , Li Puyu , Mackey Hamish R. , Al-Ansari Tareq , Mohammed Rafie Rushdy , McKay Gordon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe widely used toxic dye malachite green (MG) poses a significant risk to human health, having a mutagenic effect. Waste date stones were used to produce microwave‐activated carbons and were applied to adsorb the highly toxic dye. The critically important task of selecting the correct design adsorption capacity for different effluent pollutant concentrations to meet effluent discharge limit standards is described and a novel design selection criteria approach is presented.
Numerical simulation of thermal insulation and longevity performance in new lightweight ladle
Authors: Sun Ying , Tian Jinrong , Jiang Du , Tao Bo , Liu Ying , Yun Juntong , Chen Disi 
Published: June 2020

SummaryFor meeting the comprehensive requirements of “super insulation,” “lightweight,” and “longevity” of the contemporary ladle, this article designs a new kind of lightweight ladle with heat preservation and longevity performance, and based on steady‐state analysis method and numerical simulation technology, the comparison of temperature distribution between new lightweight and traditional ladle under typical operating modes is made and analyzed. The simulation results of temperature field prove that the performance of heat preservation in new kind of lightweight ladle has been improved obviously from the two aspects of ladle shell temperature and molten steel file rate. At the same time, the simulation results of stress field indicate that the stress of designed lightweight ladle reduced and distributed more evenly, which is conducive to prolonging the work time in‐service of the ladle. Finally, based on the field test, the simulation is proved to be effective, and the designed ladle structure achieves the expected purpose.
Sulphonamidic Groups as Electron‐Withdrawing Units in Ureido‐Based Anion Receptors: Enhanced Anion Complexation versus Deprotonation
Authors: Salvadori Karolína , Šimková Ludmila , Císařová Ivana , Sýkora Jan , Ludvík Jiří , Cuřínová Petra 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA sulphonamidic moiety was utilized as an electron‐withdrawing group for enhancement of anion complexation features of urea‐based receptors. A series of receptors varying in acidity of sulphonamidic and urea NH groups was synthesized and thoroughly tested. The individual complexation properties reflect deprotonation/complexation equilibrium in a given molecule as a function of the substitution. The receptors containing electron‐donating groups in conjugation to the sulphonamidic moiety showed higher association constants towards H2PO4− and carboxylate anions, while those containing electron‐withdrawing groups inclined to deprotonation of sulphonamidic NH. The deprotonation issue can be avoided by alkylation at the early step of receptor synthesis or it can be utilized for insertion of suitable groups that enable its anchoring on various substrates to form more elaborated receptor structures.
Performance improvement of pulse width‐amplitude modulation‐based quasi‐Z‐source inverters: Analysis and implementation
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammad , Mirzaee Afshin , Magnone Paolo , Moghani Javad , Mattavelli Paolo 
Published: June 2020

SummaryPulse width‐amplitude modulation (PWAM) have been widely used in recent years to mitigate switching losses as well as reducing passive components' size. This paper precisely investigates this modulation approach in quasi‐Z‐source inverters (qZSI). It will be concluded that the existence of capacitive paths from load to source in such converters causes two undesired behaviors while utilizing PWAM, which increases total harmonic distortion and semiconductor stresses. Bypassing the capacitive paths is proposed in this paper to alleviate these issues. In order to implement this approach, a bidirectional quasi‐Z‐source inverter is studied. A design procedure is presented to achieve a fast dynamic response for tracking reference voltage. The operation of both conventional and bidirectional qZSI under different loads including resistive and resistive–inductive loads is investigated in the simulation and experiment. According to experimental results, by utilizing bidirectional qZSI, THD is improved from 12.34% to 3.51% for a lag load. Moreover, the voltage stress of the semiconductor no longer exists.
Energy‐exergy performance assessment with optimization guidance for the components of the 396‐MW combined‐cycle power plant
Authors: Babaei Jamnani Mohammadreza , Kardgar Amin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, energy‐exergy analysis is performed for the gas‐fired combined‐cycle power plant which will be constructed in Kuantan and Kapar in the Malay Peninsula in 2020. The main objectives of this current study are first and second law evaluation of the powerplant's main components consisting of the gas turbine unit, condenser, heat recovery steam generator, and triple‐pressure steam turbines. By energy‐exergy analysis, we can not only evaluate the exact magnitude of exergy destruction and efficiency in each component separately but analyze either major or trivial effects of environment condition variations on plant components. Performance effects are also pinpointed when the pressure ratio, reference temperature, HPT and condenser pressure, reheating and stack temperature change. In the current investigation, more than 808 MW of exergy destruction to the environment mainly occurs in the gas turbine cycle with around 83.79% of total exergy destruction, followed by HRSG (11.3%), steam turbines (roughly 2.58%), and condenser (2.54%). Additionally, exhaust gas fractions from the gas turbine across the combustor are calculated as well wherein the average molar fraction of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor is calculated to be 76.42%, 17.57%, 1.37%, and 4.64%, respectively. In conclusion, several constructive possibilities for CCPP’s performance development based on the obtained results are introduced. With regard to the construction of this project in 2020, energy‐exergy assessment, as well as optimization guidance, can be worthwhile for better modifying some operating conditions and taking advantage of the trivial destruction rate simultaneously.
Nonisothermal two‐phase modeling of the effect of linear nonuniform catalyst layer on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell performance
Authors: Sabzpoushan Seyedali , Jafari Mosleh Hassan , Kavian Soheil , Saffari Pour Mohsen , Mohammadi Omid , Aghanajafi Cyrus , Ahmadi Mohammad Hossein 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this research, it is investigated to numerically evaluate the performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The performance is investigated through the nonuniformity gradient loading at the catalyst layer (CL) of the considered PEMFC. Computational fluid dynamics is used to simulate a 2D domain in which a steady‐state laminar compressible flow in two‐phase for the PEMFC has been considered. In this case, a particular nonuniform variation inside the CL along the channel is assumed. The nonuniform gradient is created using a nonisothermal domain to predict the flooding effects on the performance of the PEMFC. The computational domain is considered as the cathode of PEMFC, which is divided into three regions: a gas channel, a gas diffusion layer, and a CL. The loading variation inside the catalyst is defined as a constant slope along the channel. In order to find the optimum slope, different slope angles are analyzed. The results point out that the nonuniform loading distribution of the catalyst (platinum) along the channel could improve the fuel cell performance up to 1.6% and 5% for power density and voltage generation, respectively. It is inferred that it is better to use more catalyst in the final section of the channel if the performance is the main concern.
Higher‐order‐accurate numerical method for temporal stability simulations of Rayleigh‐Bénard‐Poiseuille flows
Authors: Hasan Md Kamrul , Gross Andreas 
Published: June 2020

SummaryFor Rayleigh‐Bénard‐Poiseuille flows, thermal stratification resulting from a wall‐normal temperature gradient together with an opposing gravitational field can lead to buoyancy‐driven instability. Moreover, for sufficiently large Reynolds numbers, viscosity‐driven instability can occur. Two higher‐order‐accurate methods based on the full and linearized Navier‐Stokes equations were developed for investigating the temporal stability of such flows. The new methods employ a spectral discretization in the homogeneous directions. In the wall‐normal direction, the convective and viscous terms are discretized with fifth‐order‐accurate biased and fourth‐order‐accurate central compact finite differences. A fourth‐order‐accurate explicit Runge‐Kutta method is employed for time integration. To validate the methods, the primary instability was investigated for different combinations of the Reynolds and Rayleigh number. The results from these primary stability investigations are consistent with linear stability theory results from the literature with respect to both the onset of the instability and the dependence of the temporal growth rate on the wave angle. For the cases with buoyancy‐driven instability, strong linear growth is observed for a broad range of spanwise wavenumbers. The largest growth rates are obtained for a wave angle of 90°. For the cases with viscosity‐driven instability, the linear growth rates are lower and the first mode to experience nonlinear growth is a higher harmonic with half the wavelength of the fundamental.
Cellular reactions in capillary and venous blood in northerners to a short‐term period in a climatic chamber
Authors: Dobrodeeva Liliya K. , Samodova Anna V. , Balashova Svetlana N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose is a comparative study of the cellular reactions in capillary and venous blood in northerners under general hypothermia in a climatic chamber during different photoperiods. The authors examined 108 relatively healthy people (80 women and 28 men aged 21‐ to 50‐years old).MethodsThe study included determining the hemogram, neutrograms, monocytograms, lymphocytograms, and phagocytic activity neutrophil granulocytes, enzyme immunoassay, flow cytometry, indirect immunoperoxidase, bioluminescence, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and body temperature in the ear canal and on the skin of the rear left side of the right hand of volunteers before the effect of general cooling in the room at an air temperature and after 5 minutes of exposure to cold air.ResultsIt was established that total neutrophil count in venous blood was lower by 8.07% ± 0.41%, monocyte count by 51.32% ± 1.03%, and basophil count by 50.21% ± 1.24% than in capillary blood, but the lymphocyte count was higher by 25.23% ± 0.41% due to smaller forms that are known to be recirculating. After a 5‐minute period in a climatic chamber at −25°C in 27.53% of individuals during a polar night and in 16.51% volunteers during a polar day had elevated levels of neutrophils in the venous blood due to the increase in the levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α in blood and decrease in noradrenaline, adrenaline, and irisin.ConclusionThe systematic effect of general cooling, especially during the polar night, leads to a reduction in reserve adaptability with the formation of neutropenia, deficiency of phagocytic defense, and functional insufficiency of T‐lymphocytes.
Inverse design of metasurface optical filters using deep neural network with high degrees of freedom
Authors: Han Xiao , Fan Ziyang , Liu Zeyang , Li Chao , Guo L. Jay 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn order to obtain a metasurface structure capable of filtering light of a specific wavelength range in the visible band, the traditional methods usually traverse the space consisting of possible designs, searching for a potentially satisfactory structure by performing iterative calculations to solve Maxwell's equations. In this article, we propose a systematic method based on neural networks that can complete an inverse design process to solve the problem. Compared with the traditional methods, our method is much faster while competent to encompass a high degree of freedom to generate device structures, which can ensure that the spectra of generated structures resemble the desired ones.image
Hyperspectral characterization of re‐epithelialization in an in vitro wound model
Authors: Bjorgan Asgeir , Pukstad Brita S. , Randeberg Lise L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn vitro wound models are useful for research on wound re‐epithelialization. Hyperspectral imaging represents a non‐destructive alternative to histology analysis for detection of re‐epithelialization. This study aims to characterize the main optical behavior of a wound model in order to enable development of detection algorithms. K‐Means clustering and agglomerative analysis were used to group spatial regions based on the spectral behavior, and an inverse photon transport model was used to explain differences in optical properties. Six samples of the wound model were prepared from human tissue and followed over 22 days. Re‐epithelialization occurred at a mean rate of 0.24 mm2/day after day 8 to 10. Suppression of wound spectral features was the main feature characterizing re‐epithelialized and intact tissue. Modeling the photon transport through a diffuse layer placed on top of wound tissue properties reproduced the spectral behavior. The missing top layer represented by wounds is thus optically detectable using hyperspectral imaging.
Screening for abnormal glycosylation in a cohort of adult liver disease patients
Authors: Jansen Jos C. , van Hoek Bart , Metselaar Herold J. , van den Berg Aad P. , Zijlstra Fokje , Huijben Karin , van Scherpenzeel Monique , Drenth Joost P. H. , Lefeber Dirk J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCongenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a rapidly expanding group of rare genetic defects in glycosylation. In a novel CDG subgroup of vacuolar‐ATPase (V‐ATPase) assembly defects, various degrees of hepatic injury have been described, including end‐stage liver disease. However, the CDG diagnostic workflow can be complex as liver disease per se may be associated with abnormal glycosylation. Therefore, we collected serum samples of patients with a wide range of liver pathology to study the performance and yield of two CDG screening methods. Our aim was to identify glycosylation patterns that could help to differentiate between primary and secondary glycosylation defects in liver disease. To this end, we analyzed serum samples of 1042 adult liver disease patients. This cohort consisted of 567 liver transplant candidates and 475 chronic liver disease patients. Our workflow consisted of screening for abnormal glycosylation by transferrin isoelectric focusing (tIEF), followed by in‐depth analysis of the abnormal samples with quadruple time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (QTOF‐MS). Screening with tIEF resulted in identification of 247 (26%) abnormal samples. QTOF‐MS analysis of 110 of those did not reveal glycosylation abnormalities comparable with those seen in V‐ATPase assembly factor defects. However, two patients presented with isolated sialylation deficiency. Fucosylation was significantly increased in liver transplant candidates compared to healthy controls and patients with chronic liver disease. In conclusion, a significant percentage of patients with liver disease presented with abnormal CDG screening results. However, the glycosylation pattern was not indicative for a V‐ATPase assembly factor defect. Advanced glycoanalytical techniques assist in the dissection of secondary and primary glycosylation defects.