bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authors: Khairunnisa F. , Siregar S. H. , Nasution H. , Ramadhanti A. R. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRAK
Perkembangan rata-rata konsumsi minyak goreng sawit pada tingkat rumah tangga di Indonesia periode 2015–2020 menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 2,32% per tahun. Minyak jelantah yang telah digunakan berulang kali akan meningkatkan kadar asam lemak bebas (FFA) dan kadar air pada minyak tersebut perlu diturunkan agar memenuhi baku mutu Standar Nasional Indonesia. Pemisahan minyak dari FFA agar memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) secara umum biasanya dilakukan dengan proses netralisasi, pemisahan dengan membran, dan pemurnian dengan menggunakan adsorben. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan adsorben terhadap penurunan kadar asam lemak bebas dari minyak goreng bekas. Bentonit-kitosan dan bentonit-kitosan-TiO2 disintesis kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR, XRD dan SEM-EDX. Fotodegradasi dilakukan dengan variasi massa 1,3 dan 5 g serta variasi waktu 30, 90 dan 180 menit, selanjutnya dilakukan uji kadar asam lemak bebas. Hasil FTIR menunjukkan gugus fungsi Si-O-Si, -OH, Si-O-Al, -CH2, -NH2, dan TiO. Analisis XRD sesuai dengan data standar JCPDS No. 21-1276 dan No. 21-1272. Analisis SEM menghasilkan morfologi lebih jelas, berupa bongkahan yang berukuran tidak merata, halus dan berlapis. Uji kadar asam lemak bebas didapat hasil terbaik pada variasi massa 1 g dengan waktu 90 menit sebesar 9,51 %.
Kata kunci: asam lemak bebas, bentonit, fotodegradasi, kitosan,TiO2.
ABSTRACT
The average development of palm cooking oil consumption at the household level in Indonesia for the 2015–2020 period shows an increase of 2.32% per year. Used cooking oil applied repeatedly will increase the level of free fatty acids (FFA), and the water content of the oil needs to be reduced to meet the quality standards of the Indonesian National Standard. Separating oil from FFA to meet the Indonesian National Standards (SNI) is generally carried out using a neutralization process, separation with a membrane, and purification using adsorbents. This research aimed to determine the ability of adsorbents to reduce free fatty acid levels from used cooking oil. Bentonite-chitosan and bentonite-chitosan-TiO2 were synthesized and then analyzed using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX. Photodegradation was carried out with variations of adsorbent mass of 1.3 and 5g and time variations of 30, 90, and 180 minutes, and then free fatty acid levels were tested.The FTIR results showed the functional groups Si-O-Si, -OH, Si-O-Al, -CH2, -NH2, and TiO. The XRD analysis met the JCPDS standard data No. 21-1276 and No. 21-1272. SEM analysis resulted in a clearer morphology, such as chunks that were uneven in size, smooth, and layered. The free fatty acid content obtained the best results of 9.51% at the adsorbent mass of 1 g with a time of 90 minutes
Keywords: bentonite, Chitosan, free fatty acids, photodegradation, TiO2.
Authors: Suaniti N. M. , Riyadi T. , Ariati N. K. , Laksmiwati A. A. I. A. M. 
Published: February 2025

Ekstrak etanol serai dapat digunakan sebagai komponen untuk memperbaiki karakteristik dari VCO enzimatis. Pembuatan VCO pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode enzimatis, dengan bantuan ragi instan. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi penambahan ragi instan terhadap rendemen VCO yang dihasilkan, serta mengetahui karakteristik VCO enzimatis dengan penambahan ekstrak etanol serai yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa penambahan ragi instan sebanyak 0,5 g dianggap sebagai kondisi optimum dalam pembuatan VCO ditinjau dari tingginya rendemen yang dihasilkan. Serangkaian uji karakteristik terhadap VCO menunjukkan bahwa VCO dengan penambahan ekstrak etanol serai belum memenuhi standar SNI jika dibandingkan dengan VCO tanpa penambahan ekstrak etanol serai.
Kata Kunci: antioksidan, ekstrak etanol serai, VCO enzimatis
ABSTRACT
Lemongrass ethanol extract can increase the antioxidant activity of enzymatic VCO. This study aimed to determine the effect of variations in the addition of instant yeast on the yield of the VCO produced and to characterize the enzymatic VCO produced with the addition of lemongrass ethanol extract. The results showed that 0.5 g of instant yeast added into the VCO was considered the optimum condition in the preparation of VCO in terms of the high yield produced. A series of characteristic tests for VCO showed that the VCO with the addition of lemongrass ethanol extract did not meet the SNI standards when compared to VCO without the addition of lemongrass ethanol extract.
Keywords: antioxidant, enzymatic VCO, lemongrass ethanol extract
BIOINFORMATICS STUDY: THE POTENCY OF Syzygium samarangense STEM BARK DICHLOROMETHANE EXTRACT AS ANTI-MELASMA AND ANTI-ACNE
Authors: Tukiran T. 
Published: February 2025

Syzygium samarangense mengandung senyawa flavonoid telah terbukti bermanfaat. Penelitian sebelumnya mengungkapkan bahwa aurentiacin, pinocembrin, stercurensin, dan uvangoletin sebagai bahan kimia bioaktif terdapat pada kulit batang tanaman. Senyawa ini terbukti memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat baik. Namun, belum ada penelitian mengenai potensinya sebagai agen anti melasma dan anti jerawat. Penelitian ini berupaya melihat keempat bahan kimia tersebut berpotensi sebagai penghambat tyrosinase (TYRP1) anti melasma dan penghambat androgen (AR) anti jerawat dengan menggunakan teknologi biokomputasi. Studi ini mencakup analisis druglikeness Lipinski dan molecular docking menggunakan protein TYRP1 dan AR dengan hidrokuinon dan clascoterone sebagai obat kontrol. Analisis lebih lanjut dilakukan dengan prediksi PASS-Online untuk mendukung potensi senyawa. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa semua senyawa berpotensi menjadi agen anti melasma dan anti jerawat yang efektif, dengan pinocembrin (-7.4 kkal/mol untuk TYRP1; -8.8 kkal/mol untuk AR) menjadi senyawa yang paling manjur. Senyawa ini memenuhi aturan kemiripan obat Lipinski dan didukung oleh prediksi PASSOnline bahwa senyawa tersebut berpotensi sebagai pemutih kulit dan antagonis androgen. Namun, penelitian lebih lanjut, termasuk penelitian in vitro dan in vivo, diperlukan untuk memastikan potensinya sebagai agen anti melasma dan anti jerawat.
Kata kunci: anti-jerawat, anti-melasma, jerawat, hiperpigmentasi, molecular docking.
ABSTRACT
Syzygium samarangense containing flavonoid compounds have been proven to be beneficial. Previous research revealed that the aurentiacin, pinocembrin, stercurensin, and uvangoletin as bioactive chemicals were present in the plant stem bark. These compounds have been found to have excellent antioxidant activity. However, there has been no research on their potential as anti-melasma and anti-acne agents. This research attempts to look into these four chemicals potential as anti-melasma tyrosinase inhibitors and anti-acne androgen inhibitors using biocomputation technology. The study included druglikeness and molecular docking analyses using TYRP1 and AR proteins with hydroquinone and clascoterone as control drugs. Further analysis was carried out with PASS-Online predictions to support the potency of compounds. The results indicated that all compounds have the potential to be effective anti-melasma and anti-acne agents, with pinocembrin (-7.4 kcal/mol for TYRP1; -8.8 kcal/mol for AR) being the most potent compound. These compounds fulfilled Lipinski's druglikeness rules and were supported by PASSOnline's predictions that they have potential as skin whiteners and androgen antagonists. However, further research, including in vitro and in vivo studies, is necessary to confirm their potential as anti-melasma and anti-acne agents.
Keywords: Anti-acne, anti-melasma, acne, hyperpigmentation, molecular docking.
Authors: Abimanyu A. A. , Suprihatin I. E. , Asih I. A. R. A. 
Published: February 2025

Industri tekstil adalah salah satu kontributor utama limbah cair yang mengandung berbagai zat warna sintetis yang sulit untuk diuraikan, seperti Congo red, yang berpotensi merusak ekosistem perairan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, pendekomposisian zat warna tersebut dilakukan menggunakan sinar UV dan dipercepat melalui bantuan fotokatalis, yaitu ZnO-Arang Aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi optimum, seperti pH, massa, dan waktu iradiasi dalam proses degradasi Congo red, serta menganalisis pengaruh penambahan oksidator H2O2 terhadap efektivitas ZnO-AA dalam proses degradasi tersebut. Aktivitas fotokatalitik diukur dengan menghitung persentase degradasi larutan Congo red menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum degradasi Congo red terjadi pada massa fotokatalis sebanyak 60 mg, penambahan H2O2 sebanyak 0,5 mL, pH 5, dan waktu iradiasi selama 60 menit, dengan persentase degradasi sebesar 97,99 ± 0,06%. Efektivitas degradasi Congo red juga diuji pada berbagai konsentrasi pada kondisi optimum, dan hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi fotokatalis ZnO-AA dengan penambahan oksidator H2O2 mampu mendegradasi zat warna Congo red hingga konsentrasi 300 mg/L, dengan persentase degradasi sebesar 99,08 ± 0,01%.
Kata kunci: congo red, degradasi, fotokatalis, H2O2, ZnO-AA.
ABSTRACT
The textile industry is one of the major contributors to wastewater containing various synthetic dyes that are difficult to degrade, such as congo red, which can harm aquatic ecosystems. To address this issue, the decomposition of these dyes is carried out using UV light and accelerated with the assistance of a photocatalyst, namely ZnO-Activated Carbon (ZnO-AA). This study aims to determine the optimum conditions, including pH, mass, and irradiation time in the degradation of congo red, and to analyze the influence of adding H2O2 oxidizer in enhancing the effectiveness of ZnO-AA in the degradation process. The photocatalytic activity is measured by measuring the percentage degradation of congo red solution using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The research results indicate that the optimum conditions for degrading congo red are achieved with a photocatalyst mass of 60 mg, the addition of 0.5 mL H2O2, pH 5, and an irradiation time of 60 minutes, resulting in a degradation percentage of 97.99 ± 0.06%. The effectiveness of congo red degradation was also tested at various concentrations under optimum conditions, and the experimental results show that the combination of ZnO-AA photocatalyst with the addition of H2O2 oxidizer can degrade congo red dye up to a concentration of 300 mg/L, with a degradation percentage of 99.08 ± 0.01%.
Keywords: congo red, degradation, H2O2, photocatalyst, ZnO-AC.
Authors: Warmiati W. 
Published: February 2025

Berdasarkan SNI ISO/IEC17025:2017, laboratorium harus menerapkan sejumlah prosedur untuk pengendalian mutu internal. Salah satu persyaratannya adalah evaluasi ketidakpastian pengukuran Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk megevaluasi ketidakpastian pengukuran suhu leleh dan perubahan entalpi menggunakan alat Differential Scanning Calorimetry untuk mengestimasi tingkat ketidakpastian yang terkait dengan hasil pengukuran dan memahami sejauh mana hasil pengukuran merepresentasikan nilai sebenarnya dari suatu besaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan top-down menggunakan data intra-reprodusibilitas dengan bahan acuan standar kontrol Reference Material Certificate Indium Lot BD147. Estimasi ketidakpastian pengukuran dilakukan terhadap metode analisa penentuan suhu leleh dan perubahan entalpi menggunakan differential scanning calorimetry berdasarkan (ISO11357-3, 2018) tentang penentuan suhu dan perubahan entalpi peleburan dan kristalisasi. Berdasarkan parameter uji sesuai dengan ISO 11357-3 terhadap standar kontrol indium diperoleh hasil suhu leleh sebesar 156,55°C dengan besar ketidakpastian ± 0,71 dan perubahan entalpi sebesar 28,42 J/g dengan besar ketidakpastian ± 1,31 J/g pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil ini dapat digunakan untuk memperkirakan rentang nilai benar pengukuran suhu leh dan perubahan entalpi berada.
Kata kunci: Differential Scanning Calorimetry, ketidakpastian pengukuran, pendekatan top-down, suhu leleh, perubahan entalpi
ABSTRACT
Based on the National Standard of SNI ISO/IEC17025:2017, laboratories must implement several procedures for internal quality control. One of which is the evaluation of measurement uncertainty. This research aimed to evaluate the measurement uncertainty on the melting temperature and enthalpy changes using Differential Scanning Calorimetry to estimate the uncertainty associated with measurement results and understand to what extent the measurement results represent a true quantity value. A top-down approach with intra-reproducibility data using the Reference Material Certificate Indium Lot BD147 control standard material was applied. The analytical method for determining the melting temperature and enthalpy change using differential scanning calorimetry was carried out based on ISO 11357-3, 2018, regarding the determination of melting and crystallization temperatures and enthalpy changes. Based on the test parameters by ISO 11357-3 for the indium control standard, the melting temperature result was 156.55°C with an uncertainty of ± 0.71, and the enthalpy change was 28.42 J/g with an uncertainty of ± 1.31 J/g at a 95% confidence level. These results can be used to estimate the true value range of the melting temperature and enthalpy change measurements.
Keywords: Differential Scanning Calorimetry, uncertainty, top-down approach, melting temperature, enthalpy change
Authors: Widiantari N. W. A. , Diantariani N. P. , Suyasa I W. B. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRAK
Fotoreduksi merupakan metode alternatif dalam pengolahan ion logam kromium heksavalen Cr(VI). Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan fotoreduksi ion logam Cr(VI) menjadi Cr(III) menggunakan katalis ZnO/kitosan dengan penyinaran sinar UV dan dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometer sinar tampak. Katalis ZnO/kitosan disintesis menggunakan metode sol-gel. Karakterisasi katalis dilakukan dengan menggunakan XRD (X-ray Diffraction) dan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red). Pengujian fotoreduksi Cr(VI) menjadi Cr(III) dilakukan pada pH, waktu radiasi dan massa katalis optimum. Hasil karakterisasi FTIR ZnO/kitosan menunjukkan keberadaan gugus NH2, -OH, C-H, dan regangan Zn-O. Karakterisasi menggunakan XRD pada ZnO dan ZnO/kitosan menunjukkan keberadaan kristal ZnO yang berbentuk heksagonal Wurtzite. Ukuran kristal ZnO setelah diembankan pada kitosan dari 67,09 nm menjadi 12,61 nm. pH terbaik fotoreduksi Cr(VI) menggunakan katalis ZnO/kitosan terjadi pada pH 3 dengan persentase fotoreduksi (88,61 ± 0,07)%. Waktu optimum ZnO/kitosan untuk mereduksi Cr(VI) adalah 360 menit dengan persentase fotoreduksi sebesar (92,59 ± 0,12)% dan massa katalis untuk mereduksi Cr(VI) menjadi Cr(III) adalah 50 mg dengan persentase fotoreduksi sebesar (92,67 ± 0,12)%. ZnO/kitosan sangat efektif dalam mereduksi Cr(VI) menjadi Cr(III) dengan penyinaran sinar UV, dimana pada kondisi optimumnya memberikan persentase fotoreduksi sebesar (92,92 ± 0,20)%.
Kata kunci: fotoreduksi, kromium heksavalen, ZnO/kitosan.
ABSTRACT
Photoreduction is an alternative method in the treatment of chromium hexavalent ions. In this study, photoreduction of ions Cr(VI) to Cr(III) was carried out using a ZnO/chitosan catalyst under UV light irradiation and analyzed using a visible spectrophotometer. The ZnO/chitosan catalyst, synthesized using the sol-gel method, was characterized using XRD (X-ray Diffraction) and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red). The photoreduction examinations of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) were done at the optimum pH condition, irradiation time, and catalyst mass. The FTIR characterization results of ZnO/chitosan showed the presence of NH2, -OH, C-H, and Zn-O strains. The characterization using XRD on ZnO and ZnO/chitosan showed the presence of hexagonal Wurtzite ZnO crystals. The size of ZnO crystals after being embedded in chitosan decreased from 67.09 nm to 12.61 nm. The best pH of Cr(VI) photoreduction using a ZnO/chitosan catalyst occurred at pH 3 with a photoreduction percentage of (88.61 ± 0.07)%. The photoreduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) reached the optimum condition at 360 minutes with a photoreduction percentage of (92.59 ± 0.12)%. The mass of the catalyst on the photoreduction Cr(VI) was 50 mg with a photoreduction percentage of ( 92.67 ± 0.12)%. ZnO/chitosan was very effective in reducing Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by irradiating UV light, which gave a photoreduction percentage of (92.92 ± 0.20)% at the optimum condition.
Keywords: chromium hexavalent, photoreduction, ZnO/chitosan.
The Impact of Gadget Usage Intensity on Language and Speech Development in Preschool Children in Denpasar City
Authors: Dewi Ni Made Ovilianty Chandra , Winaya I Made Niko , Kinandana Gede Parta , Sundari Luh Putu Ratna 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The rapid advancement of technology, including the widespread use of gadgets across various age groups, affects even preschool children. Excessive gadget use can reduce opportunities for children to learn and receive stimulation from their environment. Stimulation may help the development of language and speech skills in children. Language and speech development delays can subsequently impact a child's overall development.
Methods: This study employed an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. Subjects were selected using purposive sampling. The intensity of gadget usage was measured through questionnaires filled out by the subjects' parents, while language and speech development were assessed using the Denver II test.
Results: The study included 108 subjects. Non-parametric Spearman's rho analysis revealed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) and a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.394.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a relationship between the intensity of gadget usage and the language and speech development of preschool children in Denpasar City.

Keywords: intensity, gadgets, language, speech, children
Analysis of the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Hypertension Levels in the Elderly: A Study in Pejeng Tampaksiring Village
Authors: Mayuni Anak Agung Risma , Saraswati Putu Ayu Sita , Wahyuni Nila , Putra I Putu Yudi Pramana 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Individuals aged 60 years and above, defined as the elderly, undergo physical and neurological changes due to degenerative processes, often associated with health problems. The risk of hypertension is common among the elderly due to their tendency to have high blood pressure. One factor contributing to hypertension is sleep quality, defined by how well a person sleeps and is characterized by feelings of freshness and vigour upon waking.
Methods: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was chosen for this research. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. A total of 98 older women were obtained through Lemeshow's sample calculation. Data collection included measuring the sleep quality of the elderly using the Indonesian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and measuring hypertension levels using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope.
Results: Hypothesis analysis using Spearman's rho test showed a significant relationship between sleep quality and hypertension levels among the elderly in Pejeng Tampaksiring Village, with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between sleep quality and hypertension levels among the elderly in Pejeng Tampaksiring Village.

Keywords: sleep quality, hypertension levels, elderly
Epidemiological Survey on Oral Health Conditions of 5-Year-Old Schoolchildren in the Municipality of Foz do Iguaçu, PR
Authors: Gomes Sandra Palmeira Melo , Arcoverde Marcos Augusto Moraes , Mota Soraia Mayane Souza , Gomes Samuel Melo 
Published: February 2025

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological situation of oral health in five-year-old schoolchildren in public schools in the municipality of Foz do Iguaçu, Paraná, Brazil, considering sociodemographic markers and place of residence.

Theoretical Framework: Studies have revealed a significant reduction in the prevalence of dental caries in the general Brazilian population. However, dental caries in schoolchildren continues to be a challenge to overcome due to its high prevalence.

Method: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional study. Between September and November 2022, 395 schoolchildren were evaluated, selected from a random sample considering the number of students per school and health district. Information on the sociodemographic profile was collected from enrollment records. The dental examination was performed by trained dentists (inter-rater agreement had a Kappa coefficient of 0.90). Chi-square and ANOVA tests were used to analyze and compare the indicators.

Results and Discussion: Of the sample evaluated, 48.6% of the children had at least one cavity (mean 1.67; standard deviation 2.55), resulting in a ceo-d index of 2.06. The ceo-d mean was associated with the shift, while the proportion was associated with the health district and race/skin color.

Research Implications: This study reflects the persistence of a health problem, which proved to be highly prevalent in children. These findings are important for the fields of dentistry and health management.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by highlighting an important oral health indicator that is not always disseminated or analyzed at the local level. This study advances by contributing with an analysis methodology that allows the distinction of the phenomenon within the municipality itself.
Management Model for the Administration And Sustainability of a Community Garden in Mexican Southeastern
Authors: Oropeza-Tosca Diana Rubí , Notario-Priego Roger , Candelario-Morales Dalia Alejandra , Priego Ezequiel Notario , Madrigal-Eliseo José Luis 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to design a management model for the administration and sustainability of a community garden in Southeastern Mexico, focusing on strengthening local capacities, ensuring equitable resource distribution, and promoting food security and environmental sustainability.

Theoretical Framework: The study draws on concepts of social and solidarity economy, food security, sustainable development, and agroecology. These frameworks provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities for rural communities in managing resources sustainably.

Method: The methodology includes a mixed-methods approach with qualitative and quantitative components. Data were collected through focus groups, field visits, and semi-structured interviews with community members and stakeholders. The study integrates participatory planning to co-design strategies aligned with local needs.

Results and Discussion: Results highlight the community's commitment to adopting sustainable practices and the feasibility of implementing a community garden model. Challenges such as resource limitations and climatic risks were identified, and potential solutions, including agroecological practices and capacity-building initiatives, were discussed. The management model emphasizes collaborative governance and continuous monitoring to ensure long-term success.

Research Implications: This research provides a replicable framework for other rural communities to enhance food security and local economies. The findings offer practical insights for policymakers and organizations aiming to support sustainable development initiatives.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by presenting an innovative management model that integrates social, economic, and environmental dimensions. Its originality lies in its participatory approach and adaptability to diverse rural contexts, making it a valuable tool for advancing sustainability.