bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apoptosis of endplate chondrocytes in cervical kyphosis is associated with chronic forward flexed neck: an in vivo rat bipedal walking model
Authors: Lai Jinliang , Ji Guanglin , Zhou Yuqiao , Chen Jincai , Zhou Min , Mo Jianwen , Zheng Tiansheng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
This study was undertaken to establish a rat bipedal walking model of cervical kyphosis (CK) associated with chronic forward flexed neck and assess the effects of chronic forward flexed neck on endplate chondrocytes.

Methods
Forty-eight 1-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: forward flexed neck group (n = 16), bipedal group (n = 16), and normal group (n = 16). Cervical curves were analyzed on a lateral cervical spine X-ray using Harrison’s posterior tangent method before the experiment and at 2-week intervals for a 6-week period. Histologic changes in cartilaginous endplate chondrocytes were observed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling.

Results
Radiographic findings suggested a significantly decreased cervical physiological curvature in the forward flexed neck group over the 6-week follow-up; normal cervical curves were maintained in other groups. The average cervical curvature (C2–C7) was − 7.6 ± 0.9° in the forward flexed neck group before the experiment, − 3.9 ± 0.8° at 2 weeks post-experiment, 10.7 ± 1.0° at 4 weeks post-experiment, and 20.5 ± 2.1° at the last follow-up post-experiment. Histologically, results of H&E staining unveiled that cartilaginous endplate chondrocytes were arranged in an irregular fashion, with the decreased number at the observation period; the incidence of apoptotic cells in the forward flexed neck group was noticeably higher at the 6-week follow-up than that in other groups.

Conclusions
CK developed as the result of chronic forward flexed neck. Histologic changes suggested that chondrocyte apoptosis may play a critical role in the development of cervical kyphotic deformity associated with chronic forward flexed neck.
In vivo nuclear RNA structurome reveals RNA-structure regulation of mRNA processing in plants
Authors: Liu Zhenshan , Liu Qi , Yang Xiaofei , Zhang Yueying , Norris Matthew , Chen Xiaoxi , Cheema Jitender , Zhang Huakun , Ding Yiliang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundmRNA processing is critical for gene expression. A challenge in regulating mRNA processing is how to recognize the actual mRNA processing sites, such as splice and polyadenylation sites, when the sequence content is insufficient for this purpose. Previous studies suggested that RNA structure affects mRNA processing. However, the regulatory role of RNA structure in mRNA processing remains unclear.ResultsHere, we perform in vivo selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) chemical profiling onArabidopsisand generate the in vivo nuclear RNA structure landscape. We find that nuclear mRNAs fold differently from cytosolic mRNAs across translation start and stop sites. Notably, we discover a two-nucleotide single-stranded RNA structure feature upstream of 5′ splice sites that is strongly associated with splicing and the selection of alternative 5′ splice sites. The regulatory role of this RNA structure feature is further confirmed by experimental validation. Moreover, we find the single-strandedness of branch sites is also associated with 3′ splice site recognition. We also identify an RNA structure feature comprising two close-by single-stranded regions that is specifically associated with both polyadenylation and alternative polyadenylation events.ConclusionsWe successfully identify pre-mRNA structure features associated with splicing and polyadenylation at whole-genome scale and validate an RNA structure feature which can regulate splicing. Our study unveils a new RNA structure regulatory mechanism for mRNA processing.
Validation of the adjusted multi-biomarker disease activity score as a prognostic test for radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis: a combined analysis of multiple studies
Authors: Curtis Jeffrey R. , Weinblatt Michael E. , Shadick Nancy A. , Brahe Cecilie H. , Østergaard Mikkel , Hetland Merete Lund , Saevarsdottir Saedis , Horton Megan , Mabey Brent , Flake Darl D. , Ben-Shachar Rotem , Sasso Eric H. , Huizinga T. W. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The multi-biomarker disease activity (MBDA) test measures 12 serum protein biomarkers to quantify disease activity in RA patients. A newer version of the MBDA score, adjusted for age, sex, and adiposity, has been validated in two cohorts (OPERA and BRASS) for predicting risk for radiographic progression. We now extend these findings with additional cohorts to further validate the adjusted MBDA score as a predictor of radiographic progression risk and compare its performance with that of other risk factors.

Methods
Four cohorts were analyzed: the BRASS and Leiden registries and the OPERA and SWEFOT studies (total N = 953). Treatments included conventional DMARDs and anti-TNFs. Associations of radiographic progression (ΔTSS) per year with the adjusted MBDA score, seropositivity, and clinical measures were evaluated using linear and logistic regression. The adjusted MBDA score was (1) validated in Leiden and SWEFOT, (2) compared with other measures in all four cohorts, and (3) used to generate curves for predicting risk of radiographic progression.

Results
Univariable and bivariable analyses validated the adjusted MBDA score and found it to be the strongest, independent predicator of radiographic progression (ΔTSS > 5) compared with seropositivity (rheumatoid factor and/or anti-CCP), baseline TSS, DAS28-CRP, CRP SJC, or CDAI. Neither DAS28-CRP, CDAI, SJC, nor CRP added significant information to the adjusted MBDA score as a predictor, and the frequency of radiographic progression agreed with the adjusted MBDA score when it was discordant with these measures. The rate of progression (ΔTSS > 5) increased from < 2% in the low (1–29) adjusted MBDA category to 16% in the high (45–100) category. A modeled risk curve indicated that risk increased continuously, exceeding 40% for the highest adjusted MBDA scores.

Conclusion
The adjusted MBDA score was validated as an RA disease activity measure that is prognostic for radiographic progression. The adjusted MBDA score was a stronger predictor of radiographic progression than conventional risk factors, including seropositivity, and its prognostic ability was not significantly improved by the addition of DAS28-CRP, CRP, SJC, or CDAI.
A novel community detection based genetic algorithm for feature selection
Authors: Rostami Mehrdad , Berahmand Kamal , Forouzandeh Saman 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe feature selection is an essential data preprocessing stage in data mining. The core principle of feature selection seems to be to pick a subset of possible features by excluding features with almost no predictive information as well as highly associated redundant features. In the past several years, a variety of meta-heuristic methods were introduced to eliminate redundant and irrelevant features as much as possible from high-dimensional datasets. Among the main disadvantages of present meta-heuristic based approaches is that they are often neglecting the correlation between a set of selected features. In this article, for the purpose of feature selection, the authors propose a genetic algorithm based on community detection, which functions in three steps. The feature similarities are calculated in the first step. The features are classified by community detection algorithms into clusters throughout the second step. In the third step, features are picked by a genetic algorithm with a new community-based repair operation. Nine benchmark classification problems were analyzed in terms of the performance of the presented approach. Also, the authors have compared the efficiency of the proposed approach with the findings from four available algorithms for feature selection. Comparing the performance of the proposed method with three new feature selection methods based on PSO, ACO, and ABC algorithms on three classifiers showed that the accuracy of the proposed method is on average 0.52% higher than the PSO, 1.20% higher than ACO, and 1.57 higher than the ABC algorithm.
Minimizing complications in bikini incision direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty: A single surgeon series of 865 cases
Authors: Alva Avinash , Nizam Ikram , Gogos Sophia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to report all complications during the first consecutive 865 cases of bikini incision direct anterior approach (DAA) total hip arthroplasty (THA) performed by a single surgeon. The secondary aims of the study are to report our clinical outcomes and implant survivorship. We discuss our surgical technique to minimize complication rates during the procedure.MethodsWe undertook a retrospective analysis of our complications, clinical outcomes and implant survivorship of 865 DAA THA’s over a period of 6 years (mean = 3.9yrs from 0.9 to 6.8 years).ResultsThe complication rates identified in this study were low. Medium term survival at minimum 2-year survival and revision as the end point, was 99.53% and 99.84% for the stem and acetabular components respectively. Womac score improved from 49 (range 40–58) preoperatively to 3.5(range 0–8.8) and similarly, HHS scores improved from 53(range 40–56) to 92.5(range 63–100) at final follow-up (mean = 3.9 yrs) when compared to preoperative scores.ConclusionsThese results suggest that bikini incision DAA technique can be safely utilised to perform THA.
Feasibility of a quality improvement project to increase adherence to evidence-based pulmonary embolism diagnosis in the emergency department
Authors: Germini Federico , Hu Yang , Afzal Sarah , Al-haimus Fayad , Puttagunta Srikanth A. , Niaz Saghar , Chan Teresa , Clayton Natasha , Mondoux Shawn , Thabane Lehana , de Wit Kerstin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Many evidence-based clinical decision tools are available for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). However, these clinical decision tools have had suboptimal uptake in the everyday clinical practice in emergency departments (EDs), despite numerous implementation efforts. We aimed to test the feasibility of a multi-faceted intervention to implement an evidence-based PE diagnosis protocol.

Methods
We conducted an interrupted time series study in three EDs in Ontario, Canada. We enrolled consecutive adult patients accessing the ED with suspected PE from January 1, 2018, to February 28, 2020. Components of the intervention were as follows: clinical leadership endorsement, a new pathway for PE testing, physician education, personalized confidential physician feedback, and collection of patient outcome information. The intervention was implemented in November 2019. We identified six criteria for defining the feasibility outcome: successful implementation of the intervention in at least two of the three sites, capturing data on ≥ 80% of all CTPAs ordered in the EDs, timely access to electronic data, rapid manual data extraction with feedback preparation before the end of the month ≥ 80% of the time, and time required for manual data extraction and feedback preparation ≤ 2 days per week in total.

Results
The intervention was successfully implemented in two out of three sites. A total of 5094 and 899 patients were tested for PE in the period before and after the intervention, respectively. We captured data from 90% of CTPAs ordered in the EDs, and we accessed the required electronic data. The manual data extraction and individual emergency physician audit and feedback were consistently finalized before the end of each month. The time required for manual data extraction and feedback preparation was ≤ 2 days per week (14 h).

Conclusions
We proved the feasibility of implementing an evidence-based PE diagnosis protocol in two EDs. We were not successful implementing the protocol in the third ED.

Registration
The study was not registered.
A Set of Markers Related to Viral Infection Has a Sex-sensitive Prognostic Value in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Wan Dongyi , Yang Xin , Li Ganxun , Du Yaying , Cao Jing , Gao Yuan , Shu Zhiping , Zhou Yu , Wei Xiao , Guo Rong , Zhang Runhua , Zhang Guopeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Context
Although the incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is significantly higher in females than in males, the prognosis of male PTC is more unfavorable. However, the cause of higher malignancy of PTC in male patients remains unclear.

Objective
We conducted our analysis on microarrays datasets, tissue samples from PTC patients and the RNAseq datasets from TCGA with survival data.

Methods
We searched all publicly available microarray datasets and performed a genome-wide meta-analysis comparing PTC and normal samples. Gene Ontology analysis was then conducted. The candidate genes were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The analysis of prognostic value of genes was performed with datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Results
After meta-analyses, 150 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were specifically found in male subjects. Gene Ontology analysis of these 150 genes revealed that the viral process was activated. Seven genes involved in the viral process in male patients showed a significantly differential expression between PTC and normal tissue. Survival analysis exhibited that the 7 genes, used in combination, were prognostically valuable and, of them, PSMB1 possessed a conspicuous prognostic value, especially in males.

Conclusion
In this study, we searched all publicly available microarray datasets and conducted a comprehensive analysis to understand the male propensity for higher malignancy. We found that markers of viral infection showed significantly differential expression only in male patients compared with their female counterparts and had a sex-sensitive prognostic value in PTC.
Active Passive
Authors: Barber Daniel A. 
Published: January 2021

This essay proposes an inversion and productive complication of the familiar nomenclature of active and passive solar energy, as it pertains to architectural design methods and to solarity more generally: that is, to changes in economies, cultures, and ways of living in the present and future. I examine three houses central to the history of solar energy and its possible futures: the George O. Löf House (Denver, CO, 1957); the Douglass Kelbaough House (Princeton, NJ, 1974), and the Saskatchewan Conservation House (Regina, Saskatchewan, 1977) in order to assess the cultural and technical changes they elicited.
At stake in reconsidering the distinction between active and passive solar energy is an attempt to understand how we experience simultaneously the resource conditions of our thermal interiors and the transformations of global climatic patterns. Which is to say, reconsidering active and passive in solar architecture (with heat storage as the hinge) also reconsiders the role of buildings in the production of the carbon zero future—less, at least relatively, as spaces of technological innovation, and more as spaces of social and species evolution. An active passive solar architecture aspires to lifestyles, habits, and expectations coming into line with the massive geophysical transformation of climate instability. By emphasizing the contingency of the built environment and of means of inhabitation, the solar house becomes a medium for epochal social change.
Seizure Disorders and Exercise/Sports Participation
Authors: Carter James Milton , McGrew Christopher 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Persons with epilepsy have traditionally been restricted from physical exercise and sports participation because of misinformation and fear. The physical and psychosocial benefits of exercise on general health are well known and have been denied to persons with epilepsy because of these restrictions. Exercise has been shown to decrease seizure frequency and has even been assessed as a means to prevent epilepsy. The risk of injury is a commonly cited reason for restricting physical activity although the majority of these injuries are soft tissue injuries. Literature has shown that the benefits of sports participation for persons with epilepsy far outweigh the risk to the participant. While there are recommended contraindications to a small number of sports, persons with epilepsy can safely participate in the majority of sports with correct counseling and observation.
Low evidence for implementation of well-documented implants regarding risk of early revision: a systematic review on total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Butler Patrick , Gorgis Josef , Viberg Bjarke , Overgaard Søren 
Published: January 2021

When introducing an implant, surgeons are subjected to steep learning curves, which may lead to a heightened revision rate. Stepwise introduction revolutionized implant introduction but lacks a last step. No guidelines exist for the introduction of a well-documented implant not previously used in a department. This is problematic according to the European Union’s legislated tendering process, potentially leading to increased revisions. In this systematic review, the introduction of a well-documented total hip arthroplasty implant to experienced surgeons is explored amid concerns of higher revision rate. Literature search strategies were deployed in the Embase and Medline databases, revealing a total of 14,612 articles. Using the Covidence software (Cochrane, London), two reviewers screened articles for inclusion. No articles were found that fulfilled our eligibility criteria. A post hoc analysis retrieved two national register-based studies only missing information about the surgeon’s knowledge of the introduced implant. None of the introduced implants decreased the revision rate and around 30% of the introduced implants were associated with a higher revision rate. The review showed that no data exist about revision rates when introducing well-documented implants. In continuation thereof, the introduction of well-documented implants might also be associated with increased revision rates, as has been shown for total knee arthroplasty. We therefore suggest that special attention should be focused on changes of implants in departments, which can be achieved by way of specific registration in national registers. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:3-8. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200047
PROGRAMA “SANGUE BOM”: ESTRATÉGIAS DE MOBILIZAÇÃO PARA CAPTAÇÃO DE DOADORES DE SANGUE DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: Silva Maria Cristina , De Melo Douglas Mateus , Ferreira Isabela Cordeiro , Sepini Ricardo Pereira , Cabral Wallace Alves 
Published: January 2021

A doação de sangue é um ato voluntário e altruísta, essencial para a manutenção dos bancos de sangue. Não há nenhum medicamento que substitua o sangue para fins terapêuticos. Conforme apresenta a literatura da área, o Brasil está abaixo do índice ideal do número de doadores recomendado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS). E essa situação se agravou em virtude da pandemia da Covid-19, gerando uma redução do número de doadores e dificuldade de manutenção dos estoques de sangue. Neste cenário, o programa de extensão intitulado “Programa Sangue Bom: Um olhar científico e humano para o ato de doar sangue” de uma universidade mineira, em parceria com a Fundação Hemominas da cidade, investiu na disseminação de informação científica sobre a temática. Assim, este relato tem como objetivo descrever e refletir sobre as atividades extensionistas desenvolvidas no referido programa, as quais foram direcionadas para estimular a prática da doação de sangue durante a pandemia da Covid-19. Diferentes estratégias foram utilizadas, dentre elas, a página do programa no Instagram, uma live e uma roda de conversa em um evento científico. As estratégias desenvolvidas contribuíram, principalmente, para a divulgação de informações sobre o processo de doação de sangue e os impedimentos definitivos ou temporários para doação. Além disso, mitos, medos e preconceitos sobre esse processo foram discutidos, trazendo à tona a valorização da doação e do gesto altruísta.
POSUDE S TOPONIMIJSKIM A LA BARBOTINE NATPISOM NA ISTOČNOJ OBALI JADRANA – PRIJEDLOG INTERPRETACIJE
Authors: Konestra Ana 
Published: January 2021

U radu se tematiziraju dvije posude s toponimijskim natpisom – Felix Arba i Salona – pronađene u Ninu i Janicama, a po svoj prilici podrijetlom s otoka Raba i Salone, uz osvrt na recentno identificiranu posudu, također s ninske nekropole, čije ju značajke svrstavaju u istovjetnu grupu predmeta iako je interpretacija njezina natpisa otežana. Prema morfološkim i tipološkim značajkama posude se smještaju unutar keramičkih vrsta kućanskoga ili transportnoga posuđa, što omogućava pokušaj njihove kronološke i funkcionalne atribucije, potkrepljujući pretpostavke o lokalnome podrijetlu. Na temelju navedenoga posude se interpretiraju kao antički suveniri, no ne samo kao zasebni predmeti već i kao mogući recipijenti za pretpostavljene namirnice ili druge tekućine. Alternativno, na temelju analogija s drugih područja Rimskog Carstva, predlaže se mogućnost njihove upotrebe za transport ili komercijalizaciju specifičnih lokalnih proizvoda namijenjenih određenoj klijenteli, u ovom slučaju pomorcima, no u svakom slučaju riječ je o posudama namijenjenima tržištu malih razmjera.
Neovisno o interpretaciji kojoj se priklonimo, posude s toponimijskim (i ne samo?) natpisima moguće je promatrati unutar različitih konteksta, što omogućava rekonstrukciju ne samo proizvodnoga i tržišnoga ciklusa ovih predmeta već i njihove šire biografije, kao i određenih kulturnih praksi, npr. antička mobilnost, kreiranje memorije i „autoreprezentacija” antičkih lokaliteta, antička
pismenost i dr., a iz čega proizlazi i njihova moguća višestruka funkcija kao i, barem u jednom slučaju, potvrđena reupotreba te pretpostavljeno dugo korištenje.