bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory effect of piperine ameliorates insulin resistance in monosodium glutamate–treated obese mice
Authors: Liu Chaolong , Yuan Yanting , Zhou Ji , Hu Ruixin , Ji Lixia , Jiang Guohui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Metabolic inflammation has been considered as an essential event in obesity-induced diabetes and insulin resistance. In obesity, an increasing number of macrophages recruited into visceral adipose tissues undergo significant M 1 -like polarization, secreting variable amounts of pro-inflammatory cytokines and causing insulin resistance. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effect of piperine on adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced obese mice. The 6-month-old MSG mice were divided into three groups, which were treated with piperine (40 mg/kg/day), metformin (150 mg/kg/day) and vehicle for successive 10 weeks, respectively. Normal mice at the same age as the normal control. Results: Our results showed that the 10-week administration of piperine (40 mg/kg/d) not only significantly decreased the elevated fasting blood glucose, serum TC and TG levels, but also enhanced infusion rate in hyperglycemic clamp experiment and improved the oral glucose intolerance as well as abnormal insulin tolerance in adult MSG obese mice. Additionally, piperine significantly decreased the total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count and the serum level of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), pro-inflammatory cytokines such as galectin-3 (Gal-3), interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Furthermore, piperine clearly down-regulated the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the protein levels of CD11c and Gal-3 in adipose tissues. In addition, the in vitro study showed that piperine inhibited LPS- stimulated polarization of RAW 264.7 cells toward the M 1 phenotype. Conclusions: In summary, these findings demonstrated that piperine could significantly rectify glycolipid metabolism disorders, improve severe insulin resistance and ameliorates systemic metabolic inflammation in MSG obesity mice. Our study indicates that piperine, as a potential natural alkaloid, can be used in the treatment of obesity-associated diabetes by delaying the progression of obesity-induced insulin resistance. Keywords : Insulin resistance; Piperine; Chronic low-grade inflammation.
One-Bone Forearm Reconstruction and Distal Radioulnar Joint Fusion for Emergency One-stage Operation in Traumatic Major Bone Defect of Forearm
Authors: Wang Yapeng , Zhou Ming , Wu Yongwei , Ma Yunhong , Liu Jun , Rui Yongjun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Major bone defects in forearm caused by severe trauma is a real challenge for orthopedic surgeons. This study aimed to evaluate the role of one-bone forearm (OBF) reconstruction combined with distal radioulnar joint fusion (DRUJF) as a rescue option under this difficult situation.Methods: In total, 18 patients with major bone defects in forearm caused by severe trauma were selected from 2003 to 2017 and followed up for 2 to 16 years. All patients were managed in the Emergency Department and received emergency one-stage OBF combined with DRUJF. In addition, patient demographics, surgical techniques, clinical outcomes and complications were collected from the medical records.Results: The mean age of patients was 41.5 years (ranging from 23 to 58 years), with 11 males and 7 females. The mean time to union was 5.8 months; 17 patients had complete union, and 1 patient had infection with nonunion requiring secondary procedures. According to the criteria of Chen, 3 patients had a grade-I functional outcome, 14 patients had a grade-II functional outcome, and 1 patient had a grade-III functional outcome. Based on the Peterson scoring system, the outcome was excellent for 3 patients, good for 13 patients, fair for 1 patient, and poor for 1 patient.Conclusion: OBF construction combined with DRUJF was an alternative surgical procedure as the emergency stage-one intervention for the treatment of traumatic major bone defects in forearm, which may be more functionally and cosmetically superior than forearm amputation.
Efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy for treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma: a retrospective study and an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Jiawei , Zheng Ziye , Shen Jing , Lian Xin , Miao Zheng , Shen Jie , Zhang Fuquan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy. Surgical resection is the standard treatment for localized ACC, but the local recurrence remains high. Adjuvant radiation (ART) has been proposed as a means to reduce recurrence rates in ACC after surgery with conflicting results from nonrandomized studies. We performed a retrospective study and a meta-analysis to determine the impact of ART on survival outcomes. Methods A retrospective study of the adrenocortical cancer database in Peking Union Medical College was conducted. We selected postoperative ACC patients with or without ART. A meta-analysis is also performed to compare the outcomes between ART and only surgical resection in ACC patients. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and Stata 15.0 statistical software. Differences between two groups were compared using the log-rank test for retrospective analysis and estimated by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for meta-analysis. Results Of a total of 75 patients available in the database, 12 patients underwent postoperative ART and were matched one to one to patients with only surgical resection. There was no significant difference on overall survival between ART group and control group (log-rank P = 0.149). Locoregional recurrence was diagnosed in 2 of the ART group, and in 4 of the control group (P=0.64). A total of 238 participants were selected for the meta-analysis, of which 111 and 127 patients underwent ART after surgical resection and only surgical resection, respectively. Overall survival is significantly higher in ART group, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.41 (95% CI of 1.33, 4.38; P = 0.004). Besides, meta-analysis significantly favored ART for locoregional recurrence-free survival and disease-free survival, with an OR of 4.08 and 2.27, respectively. Conclusions Our results show that compared to only surgical resection, ART is an effective postoperative treatment for ACC.
Gallium-68 citrate PET/CT findings in an experimental model of acute appendicitis in rabbits
Authors: Gültekin Aziz , Uzunlu Osman , Uğur Ayşe , Demirkan Neşe , Avcı Esin , Yüksel Doğangün 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common abdominal surgical emergency worldwide. Several infection and inflammation imaging methods have been used in a limited number of cases. Gallium-68 ( 68 Ga) has recently been investigated as an infection and inflammation imaging agent. The aim of our study was to produce 68 Ga-citrate in an automated synthesis unit and perform 68 Ga-citrate PET/CT imaging in rabbits with experimentally induced AA. Furthermore, this study aimed to investigate and correlate PET/CT findings with those of histopathological and biochemical examinations.
Methods 68 Ga-citrate was synthesized using the cationic method in an automatic synthesis unit. Twelve rabbits of the New Zealand strain ( Oryctolagus cuniculus ) were divided into two groups. In the AA group (n = 6), the appendices of the rabbits were surgically ligated. In the sham group (n = 6), the abdomen was surgically opened and closed. All rabbits were imaged using 68 Ga-citrate PET/CT at 12, 24 and 36 h following the establishment of the experimental models, and at 36 h, all rabbits were appendectomised. Appendices were examined histopathologically and blood samples were drawn from all rabbits at the beginning and end of the experimental process. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin (Pct) levels were measured. PET/CT results were compared statistically with histopathological and biochemical references.
Results The labelling efficiency of 68 Ga-citrate was more than 98%. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 68 Ga-citrate PET/CT in AA were 100%, 83.3% and 81.7%, respectively. IL-6 and Pct levels at 36 h in the AA group were significantly higher than those in the sham group and at baseline (p < 0.05).
Conclusions 68 Ga-citrate was synthesized in an automatic synthesis unit for the first time, and 68 Ga-citrate uptake was shown using PET/CT in a histopathologically and biochemically confirmed experimental AA rabbit model.
Differences in the Diversity and Structure of the Gut Microbiome in Different Life Stages of the American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana)
Authors: Chen Zhiyu , Yang Bin , Ou Peiyu , Jin Xiaobao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Gut microbes play critical roles in host nutrition, physiology, and behavior. Periplaneta americana is a famous urban pest which is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics, but very few information is available on the gut microbiome of Periplaneta americana, particularly in its different life stages. Here, we characterized the diversity and structure of gut microbiome in eggs, nymph and adult life stages of Periplaneta americana using high-throughput 16S rRNA genes sequencing. Both the results of Alpha- and Beta-diversity analysis showed the diversity and structure of gut microbiome were significant different among the eggs, nymph and adult stages. The result of species distribution showed the predominant phyla in three life stages were Bacteroidetes , Firmicutes and Proteobacteria , but the relative abundances of these bacteria were significant different among each life stage. 1,169 operational taxonomic units were shared by three stages, which indicating the gut microbiome may be inherited to offspring from parents of Periplaneta americana. According to the prediction of functional genes in metabolic pathways, most of them were distributed in the metabolic pathways of basic physiology such as nutrition, growth, development and immunity, etc. The relative abundances of functional genes in metabolic pathways were significant different among life stages of Periplaneta americana, indicating the gut microbiome might play an important role in the physiology across its different life stages. This study revealed the diversity and structure of gut microbiome in different life stages of Periplaneta americana, which may contribute to us to understand it’s physiology and behaviors.
Analysis of the expression and clinical significance of miR-382-5P in ovarian cancer based on biological information
Authors: wu peiyang , Li Li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective : To investigate the expression, potential function and clinical significance of miR-382-5P in ovarian cancer tissues . Results: The expression of miR-382-5P is tissue-specific. Four target gene prediction softwares including miRPathDB ,DIANA ,miRWalk and starBase simultaneously predicted 24 target genes (AHRR，ANKS1A，C15orf41，CABYR，CASP3，COBLL1，EEF2K，FBXO28，FGFR1OP，LRP12，MDM4，PAIP2，PARM1，PDE5A，PIAS2，SAR1B，SCD，SLC44A1，TIMM17A，TSPYL1，UBXN7， YES1，ZBTB37，ZNF587). Significant enrichment of target gene function in biological processes, cell composition and molecular functions, signal transduction pathways are significantly enriched in microRNAs in cancer , MAPK signaling pathway, Hepatitis B, FoxO signaling pathway, Non-small cell lung cancer, apoptosis, Colorectal cancer, Oxytocin signaling pathway. TCGA database data analysis did not indicate that there was a correlation between the expression of miR-382-5P and the clinicopathological parameters of ovarian cancer, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05). The results of QRT-PCR in 72 ovarian cancer clinical specimens showed that the expression of miR-382-5P was significantly increased in drug-resistant tissues (4.60±2.959) and significantly decreased in sensitive tissues (1.88±2.082). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Analyzing the follow-up data of 72 patients with ovarian cancer in our hospital, we found that the expression level of miR-382-5P in ovarian cancer patients was correlated with the degree of drug resistance, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression level of miR-382-5P, drug resistance , recurrence and treatment response in patients with ovarian cancer were correlated with their overall survival (OS), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression level of miR-382-5P, drug resistance, treatment response, recurrence and residual lesion size in patients with ovarian cancer were correlated with their progression-free survival (PFS), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multidrug resistance is an independent risk factor affecting the prognosis of ovarian cancer, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) Conclusion ： After comprehensive analysis, it is found that miR-382-5P may become a new target for the treatment of multidrug resistant ovarian cancer. The signal pathways of MAPK, Fox-1,apoptosis and so on may be the main mechanism of miR-382-5P mediating the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer, and lay a certain foundation for the research of targeted miR-382-5P in the treatment of multidrug resistant ovarian cancer.
Topographic Influence On Landslides Characteristics And Implication For Risk Management In Upper Manafwa Catchment, Mt Elgon Uganda
Authors: Nakileza Bob Roga , Nedala Shafiq 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the topographic effect on landslides attributes and explore the implications on risk management in a tropical mountainous environment. A database was constructed based on landslide inventory from field surveys supplemented by desk research. The topographic parameters were derived from STRM DEM of a 30 m resolution for the study area. The analysis of the data was conducted in Arc GIS 10.5 environment. The relationship between landslides and topographic conditioning factors was analysed using the Frequency Ratio model. Results revealed that most landslides were distributed within the altitudinal range of 1500 to 1800m a.s.l. on moderately steep slopes (15 o -20 o ) in concave curvatures (hollows). Shallow slides mainly debris flows and debris slides were predominant. Most slope failures were initiated on mid to upper slope positions in either new or old scars. Some runout depositions of large slides ended in streams thus undermining water quality. The findings on topographic parameters have implications and yet landslide risk management by the local population was generally inadequate. Any efforts toward effective landslide risk management should prioritise greening the sensitive topographic hollows and old scars particularly on mid to upper slope positions.
Exploration on the clinical effect of different autotransfusion methods on patients with femoral shaft fracture surgery
Authors: Wang Huan , Yin Dan , Wang Jin-huo , Li Zhen-zhou , Xu Jia-ming , Zhang Zi-wei , Wang Xiao-Xiao , Kang Yi-Qun , Guo Jian-rong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective To explore the clinical effect of predeposit, salvage and hemodilution autotransfusion on patients with femoral shaft fractdure (FSF) surgery. Methods Selected FSF patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: intraoperative blood salvage autotransfusion group, preoperative hemodilution autohemotransfusion group and predeposit autotransfusion. After the operation for 5 days, body temperature, heart rate, blood platelet (PLT) and hemoglobin (Hb) of patients were determined; the concentrations of EPO and G-MSF in the 3 groups were calculated by ELISA assay; the content of CD14+ monocytes were calculated by FCM assay. The growth time and condition of the patient’s callus were determined at the 30th, 45th and 60th days after operation. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between EP0, G-MSF, CD14+ mononuclear content, callus growth and autotransfusion methods. Results There were no statistically significant differences in body temperature and heart rate between the 3 groups ( P > 0.05 ). PLT and Hb in Predeposit group were markedly increased compared to that in Salvage group and Hemodilution group. The concentrations of EPO and G-MSF in Predeposit group were markedly increased compared to that in Salvage group and Hemodilution group. The content of CD14+ monocytes in Predeposit group was significantly higher compared to that in Salvage group and Hemodilution group. Predeposit autotransfusion promotes callus growth more quickly. The concentration of EP0 and G-MSF were positively correlated with callus growth in the three groups, and the content of CD14+ monocytes was not correlated in any of the three groups. Conclusion Predeposit autotransfusion promoted the recovery of FSF patients after operation more quickly compared to salvage autotransfusion and hemodilution autotransfusion.
The change of sagital balance after PKP for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression
Authors: Li Jingkun , Zhang Kaining , Ren Yanjun , Wu Yingguang , Yang Yun , Wei Hong , Zou Debo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose To detect the postoperative change in total spinal alignment in 0VCF patients after PKP. Methods A total of 130 patients with vertebral compression fracture was involved in this study. The entire spine radiographs of every patients were taken pre and postoperatively. The parameters including vertebral body height, pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), and spinosacral angle (SSA). All the parameters were compared before and after PKP. Results In the patients, the VAS score was decreased from 8.26±1.12 preoperative to 2.70±0.90 postoperative. And SVA decreased from 6.82±3.30 cm to 4.07±2.77cm. The change in sagittal balance is related to the recovery of vertebral body height. Conclusion PKP plays a role not only in improving the vertebral body height but also in rebuilding sagittal imbalance in the treatment of vertebral compression fracture.
Untargeted metabolomics reveals the effect of lovastatin on steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in rabbits
Authors: Ren Xiangnan , Shao Zixing , Fan Wu , Wang Zixuan , Chen Kaiyun , Yu Xuefeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
PURPOSE Lovastatin is an important medicine and it shows a significant effect against glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head. This study aimed to investigate the effect of lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head of by serum metabolomics strategy. METHODS Adult healthy adult Japanese white rabbits were divided into three groups: control group, model group and drug group. The pathologic changes of femoral head were assessed with magnetic resonance imaging and microscope. Metabolomics based on UHPLC-MS/MS was used to analyze the collected serum sample. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). All potential metabolites were identified by comparing with HMDB database, metlin database, lipid maps and chemspider database. RESULTS 11 potential biomarkers were noted and identified as potential biomarkers. The change of biomarkers suggested that lovastatin on preventing necrosis of the femoral head may affect glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism. CONCLUSION The study suggested that lovastatin could prevent the glucocorticoid-induced necrosis of the femoral head of rabbits. The possible reasons were closely associated with adjusting the lipid metabolism, inhibiting adipogenesis and delaying the osteocyte apoptosis.
Response rate and diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT during and after neo-adjuvant therapies in oesophageal adenocarcinoma: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Jeffries Jacqueline , Coles Bernadette , Bradley Kevin , Holborow Alex , Smyth Elizabeth , Spezi Emiliano , Foley Kieran 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Oesophageal cancer is increasing in incidence and has a poor prognosis. Patients with potentially curable disease have a staging positron emission tomography (PET) examination combined with a computed tomography (CT) to assess loco-regional and distant disease. Although a small proportion of patients are suitable for attempted surgical resection, the majority will receive neo-adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy) before their operation. The current regimen prescribes all patients to complete the neo-adjuvant treatment prior to surgery, but some patients will not experience a beneficial response. A repeat PET/CT after one cycle of neo-adjuvant treatment may identify early response or non-response and could alter subsequent management. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to estimate the early and completion response rate defined by fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET, its diagnostic accuracy and explore associated factors. Methods Primary studies reporting response rates and diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT will be identified from MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Web of Science, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) Search Portal and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. Peer-reviewed studies published from 2005 onwards will be included. Data will be extracted from selected studies and a meta-analysis using a random effects model will be attempted. Pooled early and completion response rates, and diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity), will be calculated from available data. Heterogeneity between studies, risk of bias and methodological quality will be assessed. Discussion This systematic review and meta-analysis will identify and synthesise evidence to determine early and completion response rates to neo-adjuvant treatment and the corresponding diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT. This strategy has the potential to identify patients that will not respond to the treatment and to offer this group an alternative pre-operative treatment or proceed directly to operation, thereby avoiding a delay in surgical resection and optimising patient outcomes.