bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting the larval transport of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas during the seedling collection season
Authors: Kakehi Shigeho , Shirai Hidekazu , Magome Shinya , Takagi Takamasa , Okabe Katsuaki , Takayanagi Kazufumi , Hamaguchi Masami , Ito Hiroshi , Kamiyama Takashi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe collection of wild oyster seedlings is an integral part of Pacific oyster aquaculture, necessitating efficient methods of seedling collection. Matsushima Bay is a key area for the production of oyster seedlings in Japan. To predict the transport of oyster larvae in the bay during the 2017 seedling collection season, we conducted particle tracking based on the finite volume community ocean model. Larval sampling was conducted early in the seedling collection season to observe the horizontal distribution of hatched larvae, which was then used as the initial distribution for particle tracking. Particle tracking was driven by the predicted tidal elevation, past meteorological forcing variables, and historical river discharges from the period of June–July 2015. This yielded a prediction of larval distribution after one week had elapsed. The location of the predicted daily highest density was predominantly on the eastern side of the bay and did not change considerably over time. The predicted larval distribution differed markedly from the observed distribution of pre‐attachment stage larvae, suggesting that processes other than the circulation in the bay influence actual larval transport. A model that included larval mortality and ontogenetic vertical migration was able to approximate the observed larval distribution, indicating the importance of these processes. Sensitivity analyses for the parameters relating these processes revealed that larvae tend to remain in the bay when they grow quickly. Although there were some differences between predicted and observed outcomes, our study represents notable progress in demonstrating the potential for predicting oyster larval transport.
Mental health nursing in bushfire‐affected communities: An autoethnographic insight
Authors: Hayward Brent A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere is no literature to guide mental health nursing in bushfire‐affected communities. Using autoethnographic methods, the author reflects on his experience of mental health nursing during the Australian bushfires of 2019–20 and the challenges of identifying existing practice guidance. Applying an existing nursing model and insights from gestalt, he analyses his field notes to identify and describe practices which he found important and useful for working with bushfire‐affected persons and communities. Eight suggestions are provided to assist mental health nurses to practise in an informed way and promote recovery. This paper makes a contribution to a small body of existing mental health nursing research using autoethnographic methods, and it is the first contribution to the mental health nursing literature about working with bushfire‐affected persons and communities.
Creativity in Art and Science: A Personal View
Authors: Yeomans Michael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA personal view of creativity in art and science is developed. Definitions of creativity emphasise connections in the process of solving problems, expressing ideas and feelings. This characteristic is important in art and design and science. There are teaching techniques that may be adopted to foster creative behaviour in school and the continuing art and design practice of teachers makes a significant contribution to classroom performance. Reference is made to connections in the work of the author.
A functional genomics approach to investigate the differentiation of iPSCs into lung epithelium at air‐liquid interface
Authors: Kerschner Jenny L. , Paranjapye Alekh , Yin Shiyi , Skander Dannielle L. , Bebek Gurkan , Leir Shih‐Hsing , Harris Ann 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe availability of robust protocols to differentiate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into many human cell lineages has transformed research into the origins of human disease. The efficacy of differentiating iPSCs into specific cellular models is influenced by many factors including both intrinsic and extrinsic features. Among the most challenging models is the generation of human bronchial epithelium at air‐liquid interface (HBE‐ALI), which is the gold standard for many studies of respiratory diseases including cystic fibrosis. Here, we perform open chromatin mapping by ATAC‐seq and transcriptomics by RNA‐seq in parallel, to define the functional genomics of key stages of the iPSC to HBE‐ALI differentiation. Within open chromatin peaks, the overrepresented motifs include the architectural protein CTCF at all stages, while motifs for the FOXA pioneer and GATA factor families are seen more often at early stages, and those regulating key airway epithelial functions, such as EHF, are limited to later stages. The RNA‐seq data illustrate dynamic pathways during the iPSC to HBE‐ALI differentiation, and also the marked functional divergence of different iPSC lines at the ALI stages of differentiation. Moreover, a comparison of iPSC‐derived and lung donor‐derived HBE‐ALI cultures reveals substantial differences between these models.
Circulating circRNA predicting the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with HBV infection
Authors: Wu Chen , Deng Lei , Zhuo Han , Chen Xiang , Tan Zhongming , Han Sheng , Tang Junwei , Qian Xiaofeng , Yao Aihua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA microarray‐based high‐throughput screening of human circulating circular RNA (circRNA) was applied with five patients newly diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), five patients with HBV‐positive chronic hepatitis (CH) and five healthy controls (NC) enrolled. The plasma of HCC patients after hepatectomy was also collected. After multiple staged validation, we obtained five circRNAs as candidate. Based on the stratified risk score analysis, three increased circRNAs including circ_0009582, circ_0037120 and circ_0140117 were confirmed as candidate circulating fingerprints for distinguishing HCC from CH or NC group. With the combination of AFP, higher sensitivity and specificity were further guaranteed, suggesting that circ_0009582, circ_0037120 and circ_0140117 may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting the occurrence of HCC in patients with HBV infection.
Hidradenitis suppurativa is associated with childhood and lifetime traumatic events: a case–control study
Authors: Gielen S. , Janmohamed S.R. , Van Laethem A. , Del Marmol V. , Suppa M. , Gutermuth J. , Willemsen R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundNegative life events in childhood can increase the susceptibility to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a systemic inflammatory disease affecting the apocrine sweat glands, characterized by abscesses, fistulas and inflammatory nodules. It is unknown whether adult HS is associated with traumatic events.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between childhood and total lifetime traumatic events and the presence of HS.MethodsWe conducted a matched (1 : 3) case–control study with 71 HS patients and 213 controls. Patients were matched on age, gender and level of education. Questionnaires on general and demographic information, as well as the Traumatic Experience Checklist and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, were completed.ResultsThe number of traumatic events (OR: 1.20 per trauma, P value < 0.05), and childhood traumatic events (yes vs. no, OR 3.59, P value < 0.05) and the number of childhood traumatic events (OR 1.35 per trauma, P value < 0.05) were correlated with an increased risk of developing HS. Detailed analysis showed that childhood emotional traumatic events (OR 5.03, P value < 0.05) were significantly associated with the development of HS.ConclusionNumber of lifetime traumatic events and childhood traumatic events are associated with HS. This association is strongest for emotional childhood traumas. The increased prevalence of childhood traumas in HS patients can be one of the underlying mechanisms leading to systemic inflammation in these patients.
Assessing conformal thin film growth under nonstochastic deposition conditions: application of a phenomenological model of roughness replication to synthetic topographic images
Authors: BONTEMPI M. , VISANI A. , BENINI M. , GAMBARDELLA A. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIn this work, a simple method to follow the evolution of the surface of thin films during growth on substrates characterised by high roughness is detailed. To account for real cases as much as possible, the approach presented is based on the hypothesis that deposition takes place under nonstochastic conditions, such as those typical of many thin film processes in industry and technology. In this context, previous models for roughness replication, which are mainly based on idealised deposition conditions, cannot be applied and thus ad hoc approaches are required for achieving quantitative predictions. Here it is suggested that under nonstochastic conditions a phenomenological relation can be proposed, mainly based on local roughening of surface, to monitor the statistical similarity between the film and the substrate during growth or, in other words, to detect changes of the bare substrate morphological profile occurring during the film growth on top. Such approximation is based on surface representation in terms of power spectral density of surface heights, derived from topographic images; in this work, such method will be tested on two separate batches of synthetic images which simulate thin films growth onto a real rough substrate. In particular, two growth models will be implemented: the first reproduces the surface profile obtained during an atomic force microscopy measurement by using a simple geometrical envelope of surface, regardless the thin film growth mechanism; the second reproduces the columnar growth expected under nonstochastic deposition conditions. It will be shown that the approach introduced is capable to highlight differences between the two batches and, in the second case, to quantitatively account for the replication of the substrate roughness during growth. The results obtained here are potentially interesting in that they account essentially for the geometrical features of the surfaces, and as such they can be applied to synthetic depositions that reproduce different thin film depositions and experimental contexts.
Feasibility and safety of urgently initiated maternal telemedicine in response to the spread of COVID‐19: A 1‐month report
Authors: Nakagawa Kinuko , Umazume Takeshi , Mayama Michinori , Chiba Kentaro , Saito Yoshihiro , Kawaguchi Satoshi , Morikawa Mamoru , Yoshino Masanori , Watari Hidemichi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimIn Hokkaido, Japan, the number of people suffering from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is rapidly increased, and by the end of February 2020, there were already 70 confirmed cases of the disease. We investigated the safety of urgently initiated maternal telemedicine in preventing the spread of the coronavirus infection.MethodsThis retrospective, single‐institution study examined maternal telemedicine at the department of obstetrics of the Hokkaido University Hospital from March 4 to April 2, 2020. The physicians remotely examined the pregnant women from their homes using a visual communication system which kept communication confidential, performed prenatal checkup and administered medical care according to their various blood pressures, weights and cardiotocograms.ResultsForty‐four pregnant women received a total of 67 telemedicine interventions. Thirty‐two pregnant women (73%) had complications, and 22 were primiparas (50%). Telemedicine interventions were provided 19 times at less than 26 weeks of gestation, 43 times between 26 and 36 weeks of gestation and 5 times after 37 weeks of gestation. There was one case with an abnormality diagnosed during the remote prenatal checkups, and the patient was hospitalized on the same day. However, there were no abnormal findings observed in mothers and children during the other 66 remote prenatal checkups and medical care.ConclusionMaternal telemedicine can be safely conducted in pregnant women who are at risk of having an underlying disorder or fetal abnormality 1 month following the start of the attempt. It should be considered as a form of maternal medical care to prevent the spread of COVID‐19.
IL‐15 is a biomarker involved in the development of rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease complicated with polymyositis/dermatomyositis
Authors: Shimizu T. , Koga T. , Furukawa K. , Horai Y. , Fujikawa K. , Okada A. , Okamoto M. , Endo Y. , Tsuji S. , Takatani A. , Umeda M. , Fukui S. , Sumiyoshi R. , Kawashiri S.‐y. , Iwamoto N. , Igawa T. , Ichinose K. , Tamai M. , Sakamoto N. , Nakamura H. , Origuchi T. , Mukae H. , Kuwana M. , Kawakami A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPolymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) is an autoimmune disease that is sometimes complicated with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RPILD). However, serum and lung biomarkers that can predict RPILD development remain unclear.ObjectivesTo determine potential serum and lung biomarkers that can predict RPILD development in patients with PM/DM‐ILD.MethodsIn total, 49 patients with PM/DM‐ILD were enrolled. We measured the serum levels of 41 cytokines/chemokines, ferritin and anti‐MDA5 antibody, compared them between the RPILD (n = 23) and non‐RPILD (n = 26) groups, and ranked them by their importance through random forest analysis. To distinguish the two groups, we determined biomarker combinations by logistic regression analysis. We also measured the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of 41 cytokines/chemokines. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined IL‐15 expression in lung tissues. The IL‐15 production was also investigated using A549 and BEAS‐2B cells.ResultsThe RPILD group had significantly higher IL‐15, IL‐1RA, IL‐6, CXCL10, VCAM‐1, anti‐MDA5 antibody and ferritin serum levels than the non‐RPILD group, but it had a significantly low CCL22 level. Meanwhile, anti‐MDA5 antibody, IL‐15, CXCL8, CCL22, IL‐1RA and ferritin were the best combination to distinguish the two groups. IL‐15 and CCL22 were also predictive marker for RPILD development in anti‐MDA5 antibody‐positive patients. Additionally, the RPILD group had significantly high IL‐15 levels in BALF. The lung tissues expressed IL‐15, which increased after cytokine stimulation in the A549 cells.ConclusionThis study identified a combination of biomarkers predicting PM/DM‐RPILD progression, and IL‐15 is an important cytokine for predicting RPILD development and reflecting ILD severity.
Administrative Delegation of Budgetary Powers and Fiscal Performance
Authors: Geys Benny , Sørensen Rune J. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryDoes delegation of the budget preparation process to top civil servants improve or worsen fiscal performance? We address this question by analyzing high‐quality data on budgetary procedures and fiscal performance over a 25‐year period in Norwegian local governments. This long time period allows exploiting substantial variation in budgetary procedures across time and space. The results show that administrative delegation decreases fiscal deficits as a share of current revenues. Compared to procedures relying on political coordination or the traditional ‘bottom‐up’ procedure, deficits are approximately 0.3 percentage points lower on average under administrative delegation. Still, this effect is conditional upon the presence of minority governments and fails to materialize when the mayor enjoys majority support in the local council. Our results thus indicate that administrative delegation in budgetary processes may constitute an important tool to alleviate poor fiscal performance arising due to political coordination failures and weak political decision‐making.
What Went Wrong: Corona and the World after the Full Stop
Authors: Caduff Carlo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article examines the global response to the Covid‐19 pandemic. It argues that we urgently need to look beyond the virus if we want to understand the real seriousness of what is happening today. How did we end up in a space of thinking, acting, and feeling that has normalized extremes and is based on the assumption that biological life is an absolute value separate from politics? The author suggests that today's fear is fueled by mathematical disease modeling, neoliberal health policies, nervous media reporting, and authoritarian longings.
Activation of biosynthetic gene clusters by the global transcriptional regulator TRI6 in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Shostak Kristina , Bonner Christopher , Sproule Amanda , Thapa Indira , Shields Samuel W. J. , Blackwell Barbara , Vierula John , Overy David , Subramaniam Rajagopal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn F. graminearum, the transcription factor TRI6 positively regulates the trichothecene biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) leading to the production of the secondary metabolite 15‐acetyl deoxynivalenol. Secondary metabolites are not essential for survival, instead, they enable the pathogen to successfully infect its host. F. graminearum has the potential to produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites (SMs). However, given high functional specificity and energetic cost, most of these clusters remain silent, unless the organism is subjected to an environment conducive to SM production. Alternatively, secondary metabolite gene clusters (SMCs) can be activated by genetically manipulating their activators or repressors. In this study, a combination of transcriptomic and metabolomics analyses with a deletion and overexpressor mutants of TRI6 was used to establish the role of TRI6 in the regulation of several BGCs in F. graminearum. Evidence for direct and indirect regulation of BGCs by TRI6 was obtained by chromatin immunoprecipitation and yeast two‐hybrid experiments. The results showed that the trichothecene genes are under direct control, while the gramillin gene cluster is indirectly controlled by TRI6 through its interaction with the pathway‐specific transcription factor GRA2.
Gains from Wage Flexibility and the Zero Lower Bound*
Authors: Billi Roberto M. , Galí Jordi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe analyse the welfare impact of greater wage flexibility in the presence of an occasionally binding zero lower bound (ZLB) constraint on the nominal interest rate. We show that the ZLB constraint generally amplifies the adverse effects of greater wage flexibility on welfare when the central bank follows a conventional Taylor rule. When demand shocks are the driving force, the ZLB implies that an increase in wage flexibility reduces welfare even under the optimal monetary policy with commitment.
Thirty‐day readmissions after atrial fibrillation catheter ablation in patients with heart failure
Authors: Lima Fabio V. , Kennedy Kevin F. , Sheikh Wasiq , French Amy , Parulkar Anshul , Sharma Esseim , Henien Shady , Wu Michael , Chu Antony 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundRandomized clinical trial data have demonstrated catheter ablation (CA) as a viable treatment modality for atrial fibrillation (AF). Patients with heart failure (HF) undergoing AF CA appear to derive improvements in quality of life and mortality compared to those treated with medical therapy (MT). Contemporary national data on 30‐day readmissions after CA compared to MT among patients with HF are lacking.MethodsFrom the 2016 Nationwide Readmissions Databases, 749 776 (weighted national estimate: 1 421 673) AF HF patients were identified of which 2204 (0.3%) underwent CA and 747 572 (99.7%) received MT. Propensity matching balanced baseline clinical characteristics. Thirty‐day readmission rates, causes, predictors, and costs of 30‐day readmission were compared.ResultsAmong both the unmatched and matched cohorts, 30‐day readmissions were lower for patients treated with CA compared to MT (16.8% vs 20.1%, P < .001 and 16.8% vs 18.8%, P = .020). CA was associated with reduced risk of readmission compared to MT (odds ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77‐0.97). HF exacerbation and arrhythmias were the most common cause for 30‐day readmission after CA. CA costs were higher during index hospitalization but similar to MT during readmission among the matched cohort ($15 858 ± $21 636 vs $16 505 ± $29 171, P = .67). Predictors of readmission were largely nonmodifiable risk factors among both the CA and MT groups.ConclusionsNearly one in six patients with HF is readmitted within 30‐days after undergoing CA. In propensity matched analyses, CA was associated with decreased rate and risk for readmission compared to MT. CA has higher index hospitalization costs, but lower readmission costs.
Awareness of stuttering in Japanese children aged 3–7 years
Authors: Kikuchi Yoshikazu , Umezaki Toshiro , Adachi Kazuo , Sawatsubashi Motohiro , Taura Masahiko , Yamaguchi Yumi , Tsuchihashi Nana , Murakami Daisuke , Nakagawa Takashi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundBoey et al. (2009) devised a questionnaire for measuring children's awareness of stuttering and showed that even very young children were often aware of their stuttering. There has been no replication of studies using Boey et al.'s parent‐reported questionnaire. The aim of this study was to test whether using Boey et al.'s seven questions, developed for a Dutch speaking population could be effective for measuring the awareness of stuttering in Japanese children.MethodsParticipants were 54 children who stutter (CWS) aged 3–7 years. Parents answered seven questions about their child’s awareness of stuttering according to the questions developed Boey et al.ResultsParental‐reported observations of the child responses citing at least one awareness incident were 76%. The percentage of stuttering children with awareness of their own speech difficulties, according to chronological age, were as follows: 70% at age 3 years; 67% at age 4 years; 75% at age 5 years; 81% at age 6 years; and 90% at age 7 years.ConclusionsWe found that even at age 3 years, many CWS were already aware of their stuttering. The similarity of the data with the seminal study by Boey et al. suggests that the question‐based assessment is reproducible even in a country with a different spoken language. The seven questions in Boey et al. are useful for evaluating whether children's awareness of stuttering could contribute to a clinical decision as well as stuttering severity.
Bounded Explorers: Online Constructions of Solo Women Travelers
Authors: Douglas Rachel , Barrett Anne E. 
Published: July 2020

Women have navigated the world with much less freedom than men—with restrictions particularly great for their solo, or independent, travel. Although much research documents women’s experiences of these constraints, less is known about travel media’s framing of women as solo travelers—with online media an especially neglected research area. Drawing on a leisure constraints perspective, our study examines differences in online travel articles (n = 100) targeting solo women versus men. Resonating with this perspective, as well as the findings of studies examining women’s actual travel experiences, our findings reveal a framing of women as “bounded explorers,” constrained in their solo travel by the emotional, social, and behavioral burdens imposed upon them, hinging on their perceived vulnerability and men’s perceived dangerousness. We find two processes through which women are constructed in online travel articles as bounded explorers—creating negative expectations and encouraging vigilant risk avoidance. As one of the first studies to examine cultural representations of solo travelers in online media, our research provides further evidence of gendered constraints in leisure by revealing the framing in travel articles of women as more bounded than men—a framing that may, in turn, have implications for women’s experiences in the realm of leisure and perhaps beyond.