bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Japan's Far More Female Future
Authors: Emmott Bill 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Japan that the world admired during the 2019 Rugby World Cup is a model of social stability, resilience, and efficiency. But it carries important vulnerabilities, rooted in its ageing demography and a population shrinking by 500,000 a year, made much worse by a declining marriage rate and low fertility, both of which have their source in a combination of growing financial insecurity, severe gender inequality, and poor use of human capital. Over the three decades since its 1990 financial crisis it has seen a deep divide emerge in labour markets both for men and for women between the 60 per cent of ‘regular’ workers who benefit from training and security, and the 40 per cent of ‘non-regular’ workers who have a precarious, untrained, lowly paid existence. To overcome its vulnerabilities will require reforms to improve the use of the country’s superbly educated human capital, by reducing insecurity for both men and women, and by greatly narrowing the gender gap. An opportunity is presenting itself thanks to a big rise in female entry to university education during the 1990s and 2000s and to the emergence of a wide range of role models able to give inspiration and confidence to the next generation. Japan is already becoming a place with more female leaders in politics and even business, but that rise is from a very low base. If that process can be accelerated by both public policy and private action, Japan could achieve much greater social justice and sustainable prosperity in the decades to come.
Creating Art, Interpreting Life
Authors: Emmott Bill 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The physicality of calligraphy and of orchestral conducting, and the highly personal and individualistic vision of a film director, connect together the centenarian Shinoda Toko, the Russian-music-admiring conductor, Nishimoto Tomomi, and the woman commissioned to make the official film of the 2020 Olympics, Kawase Naomi. Artists have to be rather quirky individuals, ones who see patterns rather than following them, who pursue passions rather than career tracks. As such, art has provided one of the better ways for Japanese women to fulfil their potentials and make their marks.
Social Powers and Mental Relations
Authors: Pelletier Jenny 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Taking its departure from the current interest in the metaphysics of the social world, this paper argues that lordship or ownership (dominium) on Ockham’s view is a power that is really identical to a person, persons, or collectivity of persons. In this sense, it is not a real entity that adds to Ockham’s famously parsimonious ontology. Rather, lordship is a mental relation connecting certain human beings (‘lords’ or ‘owners’) with certain things (‘property’) that is instituted by the individual intellective and volitional acts performed by members of the past and present community. Lordship is real, however, to the extent that the community authorizes certain members of the community to perform certain acts with respect to certain things. On the reading defended, Ockham’s view is ontologically reductionist but receptive to the shared reality of the social world.
A Design-Driven Epistemology for Organization Design
Authors: Magalhães Rodrigo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
It is argued that the epistemological foundations of organization design can be built on a dual theoretical base: design-as-practice and design-as-meaning. The first is founded upon practice as part of current sociological theory applied to organizations (Schatzki, 2001; Nicolini, 2012) and the second is based on design theory (Krippendorff, 2006). If designing is defined as ‘to create meaning’ and if the symbolic action of managers plays a central role in the social construction of organizational reality, then meaning becomes a central concern for organization designing. On the other hand, while asserting that practice provides an ontological foundation for the artefacts which constitute the organization’s design, practice theory does not contain the mechanisms of intentionality and direction required by managerial action. The chapter ends with a broad interpretation of Davidson’s (2001) three types of knowledge—subjective, objective, and intersubjective—in terms of three broad groups of meanings found in organizations: managerially generated intended meanings, organizationally generated emergent meanings, and stakeholder generated perceived meanings.
Leaderful Organization Design
Authors: Magalhães Rodrigo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter is about the implementation of new or modified organization designs; therefore, it is about organization design leadership. We have opted to use the expression leaderful designing instead of design leadership, thus avoiding the complicated issue of defining and establishing the scope of leadership. Leaderful designing represents an attitude towards the design of organizations, indicating a concern with action, participation, and collective action. It shares the defining features of democratic leadership, understood not in its representative sense but in the sense of distributed leadership. The second most important aspect of leaderful design concerns meaning. Meaning is constantly created, communicated, and changed in organizations; and all participants play a role in articulating the meaning(s) of what their group members need to accomplish their tasks, however the primary meaning-makers are the managers. Managers play a crucial role in extracting or providing cues that guide behaviour and transmit cultural norms to group members.
Comparing Pantheons
Authors: Rutherford Ian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Greeks associated a number of their deities with Anatolia, and there are many general resemblances between the two pantheons, and some types of deity seem to be common to both – e.g. fate goddesses, goddesses of springs. However, there are very few Greek theonyms which have close Hittite parallels, and examination of the evidence leads to the conclusion that there was no significant Hittite influence on the Greek pantheon, which is surprising, given that there was contact between Hittites and Greeks. Perhaps any interaction there was with Anatolia was with the West, i.e. Arzawa and earlier Assuwa, about whose religious traditions we are less well informed.
Animal Sacrifice
Authors: Rutherford Ian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter looks at animal sacrifice in the two cultures. In Greece, animal sacrifice is often presented as the single most important religious ritual and an action of great political symbolism, which can define a social group. In Hittite Anatolia, animal sacrifice was regarded as one of three types of offering, alongside libation and bread, the latter being less stressed in Greece; and there is much less emphasis on social significance, though there is some. Hittite texts are unusual in the detail with which they describe animal sacrifice, and this gives us lots of opportunities to compare and contrast it with Greek practice. Some things seem very similar, such as the distinction between modes of offering aimed at upper and lower deities. But there are also differences; for example, the form of offering with the highest prestige is not aninaml sacrifice at all, but ‘god drinking’, a form of libation in which the participants imbibed the spirit of the deity by drinking from a vessel that was supposed in some way to embody him.
Headache Characteristics and Psychological Factors Associated with Functional Impairment in Individuals with Persistent Posttraumatic Headache
Authors: Peña Austin , Dumkrieger Gina , Berisha Visar , Ross Katherine , Chong Catherine D , Schwedt Todd J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective
Persistent posttraumatic headache (PPTH), one of the most common symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury, is often associated with substantial functional disability. The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of demographics, headache characteristics, and psychological symptoms to disability associated with PPTH.

Methods
Participants completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire. Two linear regression models were formulated to interrogate the relationships between 1) demographics and headache characteristics with the MIDAS questionnaire and 2) demographics, headache characteristics, and psychological symptoms with the MIDAS questionnaire. A two-way stepwise regression using the Akaike information criterion was performed to find a parsimonious model describing the relationships between demographics, headache characteristics, and psychological measures with the MIDAS questionnaire.

Results
Participants included 58 patients with PPTH and 39 healthy controls (HCs). The median MIDAS score among those with PPTH was 48.0 (first quartile [1Q] = 20.0, third quartile [3Q] = 92.0), indicative of severe disability. Compared with the HCs, those with PPTH had higher scores on the BDI, STAI, and PCS. Older age predicted lower MIDAS scores (age: B=–0.11, P&lt;0.01), whereas higher headache frequency, greater headache intensity, and higher trait anxiety scores predicted higher MIDAS scores in individuals with PPTH (headache frequency: B=0.07, P&lt;0.001; headache intensity: B=0.51, P=0.04; trait anxiety score: B=1.11, P=0.01).

Conclusions
Individuals with PPTH had substantial psychological symptoms and headache-related disability. Disability was partially explained by age, headache frequency and intensity, and trait anxiety. Holistic management of patients with PPTH to address headaches and psychological symptoms might reduce headache-associated disability.
A clinical prediction model for estimating the risk of developing uveitis in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: van Straalen Joeri W , Giancane Gabriella , Amazrhar Yasmine , Tzaribachev Nikolay , Lazar Calin , Uziel Yosef , Telcharova-Mihaylovska Albena , Len Claudio A , Miniaci Angela , Boteanu Alina L , Filocamo Giovanni , Mastri Mariel V , Arkachaisri Thaschawee , Magnolia Maria G , Hoppenreijs Esther , de Roock Sytze , Wulffraat Nico M , Ruperto Nicolino , Swart Joost F ,   for the Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation (PRINTO)
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objective
To build a prediction model for uveitis in children with JIA for use in current clinical practice.

Methods
Data from the international observational Pharmachild registry were used. Adjusted risk factors as well as predictors for JIA-associated uveitis (JIA-U) were determined using multivariable logistic regression models. The prediction model was selected based on the Akaike information criterion. Bootstrap resampling was used to adjust the final prediction model for optimism.

Results
JIA-U occurred in 1102 of 5529 JIA patients (19.9%). The majority of patients that developed JIA-U were female (74.1%), ANA positive (66.0%) and had oligoarthritis (59.9%). JIA-U was rarely seen in patients with systemic arthritis (0.5%) and RF positive polyarthritis (0.2%). Independent risk factors for JIA-U were ANA positivity [odds ratio (OR): 1.88 (95% CI: 1.54, 2.30)] and HLA-B27 positivity [OR: 1.48 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.95)] while older age at JIA onset was an independent protective factor [OR: 0.84 (9%% CI: 0.81, 0.87)]. On multivariable analysis, the combination of age at JIA onset [OR: 0.84 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.86)], JIA category and ANA positivity [OR: 2.02 (95% CI: 1.73, 2.36)] had the highest discriminative power among the prediction models considered (optimism-adjusted area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.75).

Conclusion
We developed an easy to read model for individual patients with JIA to inform patients/parents on the probability of developing uveitis.
Interpersonal similarity of autistic traits predicts friendship quality
Authors: Bolis Dimitris , Lahnakoski Juha M , Seidel Daniela , Tamm Jeanette , Schilbach Leonhard 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAutistic traits are known to be associated with social interaction difficulties. Yet, somewhat paradoxically, relevant research has been typically restricted to studying individuals. In line with the ‘dialectical misattunement hypothesis’ and clinical insights of intact social interactions among autistic individuals, we hypothesized that friendship quality varies as a function of interpersonal similarity and more concretely the difference value of autistic traits in a dyad, above and beyond autistic traits per se. Therefore, in this study, we used self-report questionnaires to investigate these measures in a sample of 67 neurotypical dyads across a broad range of autistic traits. Our results demonstrate that the more similar two persons are in autistic traits, the higher is the perceived quality of their friendship, irrespective of friendship duration, age, sex and, importantly, the (average of) autistic traits in a given dyad. More specifically, higher interpersonal similarity of autistic traits was associated with higher measures of closeness, acceptance and help. These results, therefore, lend support to the idea of an interactive turn in the study of social abilities across the autism spectrum and pave the way for future studies on the multiscale dynamics of social interactions.
Making an exception: the general superintendence of all charitable uses1
Authors: Fowles Jonathan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Supreme Court’s endorsement in Children’s Investment Fund Foundation (CIFF) (UK) v Attorney-General2 of the exceptional, public nature of charities had a proper place in its reasoning that members of charitable companies owe fiduciary duties. However, while it was unsatisfactory for the majority to insist the case could be brought within an orthodox application of the “non-intervention” principle, Lady Arden JSC’s more persuasive approach, which the majority were content to accept as an alternative, took charitable exceptionalism too far. This analysis ought not and need not have led the court to invoke the court’s special jurisdiction over charities.
Early clinical suspicion and treatment in a patient with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
Authors: Gulley L. Ruthie , Maday Kristopher R. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a complicated disease associated with paraneoplastic syndromes and autoimmune conditions. This case report highlights the importance of early identification and reviews the common clinical manifestations, diagnostic studies, and treatment modalities for this potentially catastrophic disease.
The high-risk patient for ambulatory surgery
Authors: Rajan Niraja 
Published: October 2020

Purpose of review
This article describes the processes for identifying high-risk patients at the time of ambulatory procedure scheduling, enabling the implementation of multidisciplinary collaborative pathways for prehabilitation and optimization, allowing for risk mitigation and improvement in outcomes. This review is particularly relevant because of the current proliferation of ambulatory surgery with more complex procedures being performed on an outpatient basis on patients who may be American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status 3 or greater.

Recent findings
Increased longevity and rising prevalence of obesity have resulted in patients with a wide variety of comorbidities presenting for complex ambulatory procedures with the expectation of rapid recovery and same-day discharge to home. Recent literature highlights the importance of patient preparation, value-based healthcare, patient outcomes, and the role of anesthesiologists as perioperative physicians.

Summary
The focus of this article is on general principles and establishment of best practices based on current evidence and a brief description of anesthetic management of specific comorbidities. This review will provide guidance to the practicing anesthesiologist on identifying, stratifying, optimizing, and managing high-risk patients in the ambulatory setting.
Anesthetic considerations in medical cannabis patients
Authors: Davidson Elyad M. , Raz Noa , Eyal Aharon M. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose of reviewGrowing numbers of patients, consuming cannabinoids admitted to surgery, create a challenge to anesthesia providers. This review provides a summary of recent literature related to cannabis and anesthesia, with specific recommendations to the anesthetic management of medical cannabis consumers.Recent findingsAt present, cannabis has found its way to public consensus in many countries and is penetrating slower to different medical fields. We relate and discuss recent findings investigating effects of cannabis consumption on the various aspects including perioperative measures, post-operative pain, PONV, cardiovascular stability, and anesthesia monitoring.SummaryRecent surveys estimate that 10–20% of adult populations have consumed cannabis in the past year. Medical cannabis consumers are a newer group of cannabis users. Anesthesia providers have to update their knowledge on cannabis and possible anesthetic interaction. It is unreasonable to make recommendations that apply to the whole heterogeneous group of cannabis users, but is easier with the more homogenous group of Medical cannabis users, characterized by frequent use and relatively high cannabis doses, combined with good knowledge of administered composition and protocol, as well as adverse and withdrawal effects. Anesthesia providers have to know the effects and modify anesthetic plan accordingly. We provide perioperative anesthetic recommendations related to medical cannabis consumers. Collecting information of the effects of medical cannabis use in perioperative setting will further create a highly useful database for anesthetics in the close future.
Automation failures and patient safety
Authors: Ruskin Keith J. , Ruskin Anna Clebone , O’Connor Michael 
Published: October 2020

Purpose of review
The goal of automation is to decrease the anesthesiologist's workload and to decrease the possibility of human error. Automated systems introduce problems of its own, however, including loss of situation awareness, leaving the physician out of the loop, and training physicians how to monitor autonomous systems. This review will discuss the growing role of automated systems in healthcare and describe two types of automation failures.

Recent findings
An automation surprise occurs when an automated system takes an action that is unexpected by the user. Mode confusion occurs when the operator does not understand what an automated system is programmed to do and may prevent the clinician from fully understanding what the device is doing during a critical event. Both types of automation failures can decrease a clinician's trust in the system. They may also prevent a clinician from regaining control of a failed system (e.g., a ventilator that is no longer working) during a critical event.

Summary
Clinicians should receive generalized training on how to manage automation and should also be required to demonstrate competency before using medical equipment that employs automation, including electronic health records, infusion pumps, and ventilators.
The Impact of the Global SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Neuroanesthesiology Fellowship Programs Worldwide and the Potential Future Role for ICPNT Accreditation
Authors: Rajan Shobana , Bebawy John , Avitsian Rafi , Lee Chanhung Z. , Rath Girija , Luoma Astri , Bilotta Federico , Pierce John T. , Kofke William A. 
Published: October 2020

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic is an international crisis placing tremendous strain on medical systems around the world. Like other specialties, neuroanesthesiology has been adversely affected and training programs have had to quickly adapt to the constantly changing environment.

Methods:
An email-based survey was used to evaluate the effects of the pandemic on clinical workflow, clinical training, education, and trainee well-being. The impact of the International Council on Perioperative Neuroscience Training (ICPNT) accreditation was also assessed.

Results:
Responses were received from 14 program directors (88% response rate) in 10 countries and from 36 fellows in these programs. Clinical training was adversely affected because of the cancellation of elective neurosurgery and other changes in case workflow, the introduction of modified airway and other protocols, and redeployment of trainees to other sites. To address educational demands, most programs utilized online platforms to organize clinical discussions, journal clubs, and provide safety training modules. Several initiatives were introduced to support trainee well-being during the pandemic. Feelings of isolation and despair among trainees varied from 2 to 8 (on a scale of 1 to 10). Fellows all reported concerns that their clinical training had been adversely affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic because of decreased exposure to elective subspecialty cases and limited opportunities to complete workplace-based assessments and training portfolio requirements. Cancellation of examination preparation courses and delayed examinations were cited as common sources of stress. Programs accredited by the ICPNT reported that international networking and collaboration was beneficial to reduce feelings of isolation during the pandemic.

Conclusion:
Neuroanesthesia fellowship training program directors introduced innovative ways to maintain clinical training, educational activity and trainee well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Long non-coding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 linked to hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury of H9c2 cells by targeting miR-135a-5p/forkhead box O1 axis
Authors: Xu Jin-Juan , Zheng Wei-Hong , Wang Jun , Chen Yuan-Yuan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Myocardial infarction occurs due to insufficient (ischemia) blood supply to heart for long time; plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) is a long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including heart disease; However, few studies have explored its role. The present study evaluated the effects of lncRNA PVT1 on hypoxic rat H9c2 cells.

Methods
Hypoxic injury was examined by measuring cell viability and apoptosis by using cell counting kit-8 activity and flow cytometry assays. Gene expressions after hypoxia were estimated by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and the signaling pathway were explored by Western blot analysis. RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were applied to examine the interactions among genes. Data were analyzed using t-test with one-way or two-way analysis of variance.

Results
The lncRNA PVT1 is up-regulated in hypoxia-stressed H9c2 cells and knockdown of PVT1 mitigates hypoxia-induced injury in H9c2 cells. PVT1 acts as a sponge for miR-135a-5p and knockdown of PVT1 attenuated the increased hypoxia-induced injury by up-regulating miR-135a-5p. Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) was identified as a target of miR-135a-5p, and the expression was negatively regulated by miR-135a-5p. The exploration of the underlying mechanism demonstrated that knockdown of FOXO1 reversed PVT1/miR-135a-5p mediated hypoxia-induced injury in H9c2 cells.

Conclusions
PVT1 plays a crucial role in hypoxia-injured H9c2 cells through sponging miR-135a-5p and then positively regulating FOXO1.