bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weighted grand mixed-norm Lebesgue spaces and boundedness criteria for integral operators
Authors: Kokilashvili Vakhtang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A new scale of weighted grand mixed norm Lebesgue spaces

L

w
1

p
1

,

φ
1

⁢

(

L

w
2

p
2

,

φ
2

)

{L_{w_{1}}^{p_{1},\varphi_{1}}(L_{w_{2}}^{p_{2},\varphi_{2}})}

is introduced and the boundedness criteria for multiple singular operators are established.
Mixed type boundary value problems for Laplace–Beltrami equation on a surface with the Lipschitz boundary
Authors: Duduchava Roland 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the present research is to investigate a general mixed type boundary value problem for the Laplace–Beltrami equation on a surface with the Lipschitz boundary

𝒞

{\mathcal{C}}

in the non-classical setting when solutions are sought in the Bessel potential spaces

ℍ
p
s

⁢

(
𝒞
)

{\mathbb{H}^{s}_{p}(\mathcal{C})}

,

1
p

<
s
<

1
+

1
p

{\frac{1}{p}<s<1+\frac{1}{p}}

,

1
<
p
<
∞

{1<p<\infty}

.
Fredholm criteria and unique solvability criteria are found.
By the localization, the problem is reduced to the investigation of model Dirichlet, Neumann and mixed boundary value problems for the Laplace equation in a planar angular domain

Ω
α

⊂

ℝ
2

{\Omega_{\alpha}\subset\mathbb{R}^{2}}

of magnitude α.
The model mixed BVP is investigated in the earlier paper [R. Duduchava and M. Tsaava, Mixed boundary value problems for the Helmholtz equation in a model 2D angular domain, Georgian Math. J. 27 2020, 2, 211–231], and the model Dirichlet and Neumann boundary value problems are studied in the non-classical setting.
The problems are investigated by the potential method and reduction to locally equivalent

2
×
2

{2\times 2}

systems of Mellin convolution equations with meromorphic kernels on the semi-infinite axes

ℝ
+

{\mathbb{R}^{+}}

in the Bessel potential spaces.
Such equations were recently studied by R. Duduchava [Mellin convolution operators in Bessel potential spaces with admissible meromorphic kernels, Mem. Differ. Equ. Math. Phys. 60 2013, 135–177] and V. Didenko and R. Duduchava [Mellin convolution operators in Bessel potential spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 443 2016, 2, 707–731].
Hydrophobic and UV-resistant properties of environmentally friendly nano-ZnO-coated wood
Authors: Wang Yanan , Wu Xiaotong , Wang Yibo , Tian Yongqi , Mu Hongbo , Li Jingkui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The combinations of nano-ZnO with wood through simple and efficient physical methods to prepare environmentally friendly and versatile Nano-ZnO-coated Wood have important research and practical implications. In this paper, an environmentally friendly nano-ZnO-coated wood was prepared by physical magnetron sputtering using Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongholica Litv. The micro-characteristics, structure, wettability and colour change of the ZnO-coated wood were characterized and studied. For samples with a sputtering time of more than 3 min, the surface water contact angle exceeded 130° and had good hydrophobic properties. After a 168 h accelerated ultraviolet (UV) ageing test, the total colour difference (ΔE
∗) of the sample with a sputtering time of 75 min (200 °C) was 77% lower than that of the original wood. When the substrate was at 200 °C, the ZnO films deposited on the surface of the wood were evenly and densely arranged, forming almost a continuous film. It could be seen that the deposition of a nano-ZnO film on the surface of wood could significantly improve its hydrophobic properties and anti-UV photochromic properties.
Intraspecific variability of quantity and chemical composition of ethanolic knotwood extracts along the stems of three industrially important softwood species: Abies alba, Picea abies and Pseudotsuga menziesii
Authors: Brennan Maree , Hentges David , Cosgun Sylvain , Dumarcay Stéphane , Colin Francis , Gérardin Christine , Gérardin Philippe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Knotwood of softwood species is rich in secondary metabolites, especially lignans. These metabolites can be extracted with organic solvents, and are known to be valuable sources of natural bioactive molecules. Here, we examine the intraspecific variability of the yield and compositions of ethanol extracts from knotwood along the stems of three economically significant softwoods Abies alba, Picea abies and Pseudotsuga menziesii in view of further valorisation. Extractive yields from all three species were higher from knots at the base of the living crown than at the top. Lignans and terpenes were abundant in A. alba and P. abies extracts, and lignans were present in the highest concentrations at the crown base. Secoisolariciresinol and hydroxymatairesinol were the most abundant lignans in A. alba and P. abies, respectively. P. menziesii extract composition was more diverse than those of the other species, containing taxifolin, small amounts of the lignan nortrachelogenin, and smaller amounts of secoisolariciresinol. A cyclitol, D-pinitol, was found in high concentrations in extracts from knots at the very top of the crown, particularly in A. alba and P. menziesii. Lignans, taxifolin and D-pinitol are reported to have anti-tumour properties, and valuable food-supplement markets exist for these compounds suggesting possibilities of further valorisation.
Unexpected metabolic versatility among type II methanotrophs in the Alphaproteobacteria
Authors: Hakobyan Anna , Liesack Werner 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria, or methanotrophs, play a crucial role in the global methane cycle. Their methane oxidation activity in various environmental settings has a great mitigation effect on global climate change. Alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs were among the first to be taxonomically characterized, nowadays unified in the Methylocystaceae and Beijerinckiaceae families. Originally thought to have an obligate growth requirement for methane and related one-carbon compounds as a source of carbon and energy, it was later shown that various alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs are facultative, able to grow on multi-carbon compounds such as acetate. Most recently, we expanded our knowledge of the metabolic versatility of alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs. We showed that Methylocystis sp. strain SC2 has the capacity for mixotrophic growth on H2 and CH4. This mini-review will summarize the change in perception from the long-held paradigm of obligate methanotrophy to today’s recognition of alphaproteobacterial methanotrophs as having both facultative and mixotrophic capabilities.
Apoptosis inducing factor and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenases: redox-controlled gear boxes to switch between mitochondrial biogenesis and cell death
Authors: Herrmann Johannes M. , Riemer Jan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The mitochondrial complex I serves as entry point for NADH into the electron transport chain. In animals, fungi and plants, additional NADH dehydrogenases carry out the same electron transfer reaction, however they do not pump protons. The apoptosis inducing factor (AIF, AIFM1 in humans) is a famous member of this group as it was the first pro-apoptotic protein identified that can induce caspase-independent cell death. Recent studies on AIFM1 and the NADH dehydrogenase Nde1 of baker’s yeast revealed two independent and experimentally separable activities of this class of enzymes: On the one hand, these proteins promote the functionality of mitochondrial respiration in different ways: They channel electrons into the respiratory chain and, at least in animals, promote the import of Mia40 (named MIA40 or CHCHD4 in humans) and the assembly of complex I. On the other hand, they can give rise to pro-apoptotic fragments that are released from the mitochondria to trigger cell death. Here we propose that AIFM1 and Nde1 serve as conserved redox switches which measure metabolic conditions on the mitochondrial surface and translate it into a binary life/death decision. This function is conserved among eukaryotic cells and apparently used to purge metabolically compromised cells from populations.
Discontent as motivation: Why people engage with the democratic process
Authors: Praprotnik Katrin , Perlot Flooh 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Despite the rich variety of entertainment in Western European countries, some people choose to spend their limited spare time participating in the democratic process. They not only go to the polls at election time, but also sign political petitions, take part in legal demonstrations, contact politicians and participate online. These people’s actions are relevant to their democratic systems so this paper aims to provide a better understanding of their participation. We present new evidence from a large-scale survey in Austria. In our analysis, we examine a new concept of feeling discontented, we focus on individuals’ perceptions of how society is developing in relation their own situation, and argue that these judgements drive their participation. We find that a feeling of discontent has a positive effect on participation, as do internal efficacy and social capital. However, discontented people with high levels of external efficacy tend to participate less.
“Murdered Mozarts.” narrative of a previous malian student generation in the era of the crumbling state
Authors: Steuer Noemi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
After the coup d’état in 2012, the Malian state experienced progressive decomposition in terms of loss of territorial integrity as well as in the functioning of its institutions. Against this backdrop, this article examines life histories of a former student generation whose members were actively involved in the protest movement of 1980. At the time they fought for student rights and democratization under a military junta, but were not able to induce the desired change. Today they portray themselves as committed patriots for whom the state serves as an ongoing point of reference in their identity constructions. Bringing together higher education, protest movement and state decline, I argue that their narratives not only reveal how damaged identities and political visions are narratively repaired, but also, on a symbolic level, their damaged country as well.
appRaiseVR – An Evaluation Framework for Immersive Experiences
Authors: Wienrich Carolin , Gramlich Johanna 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective. VR is evolving into everyday technology. For all diverse application areas, it is essential to understand the user’s condition to ensure a safe, pleasant, and meaningful VR experience. However, VR experience evaluation is still in its infancy. The present paper takes up this research desideratum by conflating diverse expertise and learnings about experience evaluation in general and VR experiences in particular into a systematic evaluation framework (appRaiseVR).

Method. To capture diverse expertise, we conducted two focus groups (bottom-up approach) with experts working in different fields of experience evaluation (e. g., Movie Experience, Theatre Experiences). First, we clustered the results of both focus groups. Then, we conflated those results and the learnings about experience evaluation stemming from the field of user experience into the final framework (top-down approach).

Results. The framework includes five steps providing high-level guidance through the VR evaluation process. The first three steps support the definition of the experience and evaluation conditions (setting, level, plausibility). The last two steps guide the selection to find an appropriate time course and tools of measure.

Conclusion. appRaiseVR offers high-level guidance for evaluators with different expertise and contexts. Finally, establishing similar evaluation procedures might contribute to safe, pleasant, and meaningful VR experiences.
Hydrodynamics of a modified up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating organic fraction of municipal solids waste
Authors: Vian José , Vigueras-Carmona Sergio E. , Velasco-Perez Alejandra , Sánchez-Sánchez Kelvyn B. , Puebla Hector 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe hydrodynamic of modified up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) treating organic fraction of municipal solids wastes (OFMSW) was investigated using tracer test experiments and residence time distribution (RTD) based models. The modified UASB digester employing the up-flow reactor concept was composed of the sludge bed, localized at the bottom of the reactor, a buffer zone above the sludge bed, a section with the OFMSW, and an upper section with a solid–liquid–gas separator. The solid-state section with the OFMSW allows the separation of hydrolytic and methanogenic phases, reducing the acidification of the reactor. The hydraulic flow transports the faster biodegradable fraction from the packing section to the sludge bed, favoring the methane productivity. Residence time distribution curves were analyzed by three tracer test models (axial dispersion model ADM, tanks in series model TIS and a multiple parameter model MPM). The MPM was successfully fitted to the experimental data.
A biotechnological process for obtaining citric acid through paper cellulose aerobic bioreaction
Authors: Guzmán Gil Raymundo , Solís Correa Hugo , Contreras Larios José L. , González-Brambila Margarita M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a biotechnological process to produce citric acid using paper residues from Urban Solid Waste (USW), like raw material. The selected microorganism to transform degraded cellulose from paper to produce citric acid was Aspergillus niger. The aerobic bioreaction was carried out in a heterogeneous bioreactor. The efficiency of the biotransformation in this study was measured under different operating conditions: 2 and 3 pH levels, 30 and 40 °C temperatures, and high and low concentrations of trace elements: Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn). In optimized operation conditions from 20 g of waste paper the maximum citric acid amount obtained was 5.73 g l−1.
Simulation and optimization of CSTR reactor of a biodiesel plant by various plant sources using Aspen Plus
Authors: Rabelo Silva Gisele Cristina , Caño de Andrade Maria Helena 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the present paper, an integrated continuous process of biodiesel manufacturing is proposed using Aspen Plus simulator for different feedstocks. Majority of the reported simulation models in literature are design models for new processes by fixing some level of equipment performance such as the conversion in reactor. Most models assume the feed oil as pure triglycerides or some fatty acids and the biofuel as pure ester. In order to optimize the production of biodiesel, similarity with reality is necessary. For this purpose, this work uses thermophysical property estimation of glycerides, rigorous reaction kinetics, phase equilibrium for separation and purification units, and prediction of essential biodiesel fuel qualities. Detailed operating conditions, equipment designs, and properties of feed and products were obtained. The reactions and parameters kinetics were applied to represent both methanolic and ethanolic transesterification of the biodiesel production. An evaluation of optimal operating conditions (time, temperature, alcohol: oil ratio) for a CSTR reactor was determined. The optimal conversion was achieved at a temperature of 60 °C, 6.00 mol/mol alcohol-oil ratio and 2.0 h residence time when used methanol transesterification reaction as 88.19, 93.77, 89.43, and 89.25%, respectively for sunflower, soybean, palm and macauba oil, on the other hand 86.09, 80.26, 76.54, and 76.39% for transesterification ethanolic. Most of the biodiesel obtained from the simulations presented adequate according to the specifications of the D6751, ANP 45, and EN 14214 standards. Finally, the model proposed can be used for improving operations conditions, new products design and help economic analysis in continuous processes of biodiesel production.
Research on influence of split conductor induced voltage on TRV
Authors: He Baina , Jiang Renzhuo , Zhang Jingru , Wang Zhenzhen , Wang Lemiao , Nair Nirmal-Kumar C. , Xie Yadi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBased on the background of Huainan–Wannan UHV AC double circuit transmission line, the mechanism of the transient recovery voltage (TRV) is analyzed in the case of a wire of split conductor failure. The simulation model is established to simulate the TRV of the circuit breaker when the multiple split conductors are in different positions, and the influence of the induced voltage on the TRV is also considered. The simulation results show that the more the number of fault split conductors is, the more serious the TRV is, and the peak and rate of rise of TRV are increased due to the induced voltage. Therefore, it is very important to consider the coupling effect on the transient characteristics of circuit breakers in practical engineering.
Investigation of lamb fat quality attributes during deodorization
Authors: Doosti Asiye , Jafarinaeimi Kazem , Balvardi Mohammad , Mortezapour Hamid 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Edible lamb fat is an illustrious frying fat due to its good flavor and stability to oxidation. Fat deodorization is a vacuum–steam distillation process that is accomplished for removing the unwanted components such as free fatty acids and volatile compounds. The present work has studied the kinetics of lamb fat deodorization under different temperatures in a batch deodorization system. Variations of acid value (AV), peroxide value, p-Anisidine value, TOTOX value and total color difference were measured during the deodorization process. The Logarithmic, Wang and Singh, Hénon et al., and linear models were fitted with obtained data using nonlinear regression method. Results indicated that the Logarithmic and Henon et al. models gave the best fitness respectively with AV and p-Anisidine value, based on the statistical criteria of correlation coefficient (R
2), reduced chi-square (χ
2) and root mean square error (RMSE). Furthermore, the linear model was selected as the best model to describe the variations of TOTOX value and peroxide value during the deodorization process.
On the behaviors of rough multilinear fractional integral and multi-sublinear fractional maximal operators both on productLpand weightedLpspaces
Authors: Gürbüz Ferit 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to get the productLp${L}^{p}$-estimates, weighted estimates and two-weighted estimates for rough multilinear fractional integral operators and rough multi-sublinear fractional maximal operators, respectively. The author also studies two-weighted weak type estimate on productLp(ℝn)${L}^{p}\left({\mathrm{\mathbb{R}}}^{n}\right)$for rough multi-sublinear fractional maximal operators. In fact, this article is the rough kernel versions of [C. E. Kenig and E. M. Stein, “Multilinear estimates and fractional integration,”Math. Res. Lett., vol. 6, pp. 1–15, 1999, Y. Shi and X. X. Tao, “WeightedLp${L}_{p}$boundedness for multilinear fractional integral on product spaces,”Anal. Theory Appl., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 280–291, 2008]'s results.
The barotropic Rossby waves with topography on the earth’sδ-surface
Authors: Song Jian , Liu ShaoXia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Rossby solitary waves in the barotropic vorticity model which contains the topography on the earth’sδ-surface is investigated. First, applying scale analysis method, obtained the generalized quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity equation (QGPVE). Using The Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) theory, the evolution equation of Rossby waves is the variable-coefficient Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation for the barotropic atmospheric model. In order to study the Rossby waves structural change to exist in some basic flow and topography on theδ-surface approximation, the variable coefficient of KdV equation must be explicitly, Chebyshev polynomials is used to solve a Sturm-Liouville-type eigenvalue problem and the eigenvalue Rossby waves, these solutions show that the parameterδusually plays the stable part in Rossby waves and slow down the growing or decaying of Rossby waves with the parameterβ.
Public History in Egypt: The Power of Public History in Protecting Cultural Heritage
Authors: Abd el Salam Heba 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Public history is a significant field of education that teaches people about their past. However, it still does not exist in countries like Egypt, which is in great need of the field to link Egyptians with their history. This article discusses the current situation in Egypt regarding public history and why it should be introduced to Egyptians. In addition, suggestions are made on how to present the field to Egyptians academically and publicly.
Protective effects of Vitex pseudo-negundo leaves on diabetic-induced nephropathy in rats
Authors: Rezaei Seresht Hasan , Mansouri Esrafil , Daei Milani Mahsa , Vahidiyanfar Bahareh , Ramezanpour Shahi Arash , Namazi Mohammad Javad , Moallaei Hossein , Latifnia Maryam , Fattahi Abdizadeh Mojtaba 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The belief of therapeutic effects of herbal remedies in diseases such as diabetes is rooted in medical history. The present study evaluated protective efficacy of the hydroalcoholic extract of Vitex pseudo-negundo leaves (VLHE) on the renal disorders in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods
Fifty Wistar male rats were recruited and divided into five groups of 10, including healthy controls and diabetic controls: three diabetic groups of which first group was treated with glibenclamide, and two groups treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg of VLHE, respectively, for six weeks. Renal biochemical tests and tissue histopathological evaluation were performed and the antioxidant status was examined.

Results
There were significant decreases in superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and increases in malondialdehyde levels in renal tissue of diabetic groups compared with healthy controls. In the VLHE-treated rats, fasting blood sugar, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were declined, serum albumin elevated, kidney weight lowered, lipid peroxidation and reinforcement of the activities of antioxidant enzymes decreased compared with healthy groups. Histological assessments revealed that the vacuolar degeneration of tubules and shrinkage of glomeruli in VLHE-treated rats was decreased compared with diabetic rats.

Conclusions
The study suggested that administrating of VLHE in nephropathic rats ameliorated the disease by reduction of oxidative stress and increase in renal antioxidant enzyme activities.
Phytochemical profile and pharmacological properties of Trifolium repens
Authors: Ahmad Sultan , Zeb Alam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Trifolium repens belongs to the family Leguminosae and has been used for therapeutic purposes as traditional medicine. The plant is widely used as fodder and leafy vegetables for human uses. However, there is a lack of a detailed review of its phytochemical profile and pharmacological properties. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the phytochemical profile and biological properties of T. repens. The plant is used as antioxidants and cholinesterase inhibitors and for anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, analgesic, antirheumatic ache, and antimicrobial purposes. This review has summarized the available updated useful information about the different bioactive compounds such as simple phenols, phenolic acids, flavones, flavonols, isoflavones, pterocarpans, cyanogenic glucosides, saponins, and condensed tannins present in T. repens. The pharmacological roles of these secondary metabolites present in T. repens have been presented. It has been revealed that T. repens contain important phytochemicals, which is the potential source of health-beneficial bioactive components for food and nutraceuticals industries.