bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Data Creation for Property Tax Management
Authors: Singh Anu , Kanga Shruti 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In India, the municipal corporations are facing issues in property tax collection and major reason for it is lack of count of assessed properties under its jurisdiction. Also the storage of information of the properties are majorly based on manual efforts which lead to data redundancy and failure to appropriate tax collection. The study has been carried out in the Hauz Khas Ward, South Delhi Municipal Corporation, Delhi. The purpose of this paper to develop spatial database for the property tax management which include capture of building footprint, road, land use such as Parks, paved area, Drains etc and demarcation of boundaries such as locality, slums etc on basis of regular grid net with cell size of 250 m by 250 m. Along with this, to create an unique no. to each building polygon called BUID (Building Unique ID) to provide individuality to each polygon. This data will be useful for the collection of information of properties related to property evaluation parameters for tax calculation through ground survey.
The Epitaxy of 2D materials growth
Authors: Dong Jichen , Ding Feng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A general theoretical framework for the epitaxial growth of a 2D material on an arbitrary substrate was proposed. Our extensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the propagating edge of a 2D material tends to align along a high symmetry direction of the substrate and, as a conclusion, the interplay between the symmetries of the 2D material and the substrate plays a critical role in the epitaxial growth of the 2D material. Based on our results, we have outlined that unidirectional align-ment of 2D material islands on a substrate can be realized only if the symmetry group of the substrate is a subgroup of that of the 2D material. Our predictions are in perfect agreement with most experi-mental observations on 2D materials’ growth on various substrates known up to now. We believe that this general guideline will lead to the large-scale synthesis of wafer-scale single crystals of various 2D materials in the near future.
COVID-19 outbreak in Brazil: Adherence to national preventive measures and impact on people’s lives
Authors: Villela Edlaine Faria de Moura , Lopez Rossana Verónica Mendoza , Sato Ana Paula Sayuri , Oliveira Fábio Morato de , Waldman Eliseu Alves , Bergh Rafael Van den , Fodjo Joseph Nelson Siewe , Colebunders Robert 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The first case of COVID-19 infection was diagnosed in Brazil 26th February 2020. By March 16th, physical distancing and confinement measures were implemented by the Brazilian government. Little is known about how these measures were followed up by the Brazilian people and their impact on daily routine.Methods: In early April 2020, using an online platform, we organized an online survey among adults living in Brazil about their COVID-19 preventive behavior. Results: Data from 23.896 respondents were analyzed (mean age: 47.4 years). Due to COVID-19 restrictions, half (51.1%) of the professionals reported working from home. Regular handwashing was practiced by 98.7% of participants; 92.6% reported adhering to the 1.5-2m physical distancing rule, but only 45.5% wore a face mask when going outside. While 29.3% of respondents found it relatively easy to stay at home, indoor confinement was extremely difficult for 7.9% of participants. Moreover, 11% of participants were extremely worried about their health during the COVID-19 epidemic.Younger people, male, persons living in a rural area/village or popular neighbourhoods, students and workers reported less preventive behaviour. Conclusion: Restrictive measures markedly affected the daily and professional routines of Brazilians. Participants showed a satisfactory level of adherence to national COVID-19 prevention guidelines. Qualitative and follow-up studies are needed to monitor the impact of COVID-19 in the Brazilian society.
A case report of COVID-19 virus infection in a patient with hereditary angioedema
Authors: Kanani Amin S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: This is the first reported case of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) in a patient with hereditary angioedema (HAE) type 1/2. Case presentation: A female with HAE receiving C1 inhibitor prophylaxis had no angioedema attacks when contracting the COVID-19 virus and had a mild clinical course.Conclusions: In this case there was no exacerbation of angioedema with the COVID-19 virus and the mild clinical course could possibly be from receiving C1 inhibitor prophylaxis.
Ethanol-Drop Grinding Approach: Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles Catalyzed the Synthesis of [1,3]Dioxolo[g][1]benzopyran-6-carboxylic Acids and Pyrido[d]pyrimidine-7-carboxylic Acids
Authors: Dahi-Azar Saman , Abdolmohammadi Shahrzad , Mokhtari Javad 
Published: July 2020

Aim and Objective:
In the last decades, it has extensively been verified that
nanostructured transition metal oxides emerge as inexpensive, available and extremely efficient
heterogeneous catalysts in chemical transformations. The high electrical conductivity, high carrier
concentration, and improved reactivity in cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) make it as a
potential candidate for applications in the fields of nanocatalysis. [1]Benzopyran and
pyridopyrimidine derivatives compose major classes of heterocyclic compounds, which have a
wide spectrum of biological activities.

Materials and Methods:
In the present work, we report a facile and highly effective synthesis of 8-
aryl-8H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g][1]benzopyran-6-carboxylic acids and 1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-5-
phenyl-1,2,3,4,5,8-hexahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-7-carboxylic acids via CdO NPs catalyzed
cyclo condensation reaction of 4-substituted phenylmethylidenepyruvic acids with 3,4-
methylenedioxyphenol or 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil, which was accomplished under ethanoldrop
grinding at room temperature. The described catalyst was prepared successfully by a simple
precipitation method and characterized by the Fourier transformed infrared absorption (FT-IR)
spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analytical technique, and scanning electron microscopy
(SEM).

Results:
A number of [1,3]dioxolo[g][1]benzopyran-6-carboxylic acids and pyrido[d]pyrimidine-
7-carboxylic acids were effectively synthesized in high yields (96-98%) within short reaction
times (10-15 min). All synthesized compounds were well-characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR
spectroscopy, and also by elemental analyses.

Conclusion:
In summary, we have developed a very simple and impressive procedure for the
synthesis of 8-aryl-8H-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-g][1]benzopyran-6-carboxylic acids and 1,3-dimethyl-
2,4-dioxo-5-phenyl-1,2,3,4,5,8-hexahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-7-carboxylic acids as
biologically interesting structures in the presence of CdO NPs as an efficient recyclable
heterogeneous catalyst. The remarkable advantages for the offered protocol compared with
traditional methods are short reaction time, good yields of the products, and the ease of operation
with simple work-up procedure.
Regulation of Breast Cancer Progression by Noncoding RNAs
Authors: Akshaya Ravishkumar L. , Rohini Muthukumar , Selvamurugan Nagarajan 
Published: July 2020

Background:Breast cancer (BC) is the cardinal cause of cancer-related deaths among women across the globe. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying BC invasion and metastasis remains insufficient. Recent studies provide compelling evidence on the prospective contribution of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and the association of different interactive mechanisms between these ncRNAs with breast carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs (small ncRNAs) and lncRNAs (long ncRNAs) have been explored extensively as classes of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of several malignancies, including BC.Objective:In this review, we aim to provide a better understanding of the involvement of miRNAs and lncRNAs and their underlying mechanisms in BC development and progression that may assist the development of monitoring biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to effectively combat BC.Conclusion:These ncRNAs play critical roles in cell growth, cell cycle regulation, epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, migration, and apoptosis among others, and were observed to be highly dysregulated in several cancers. The miRNAs and lncRNAs were observed to interact with each other through several mechanisms that governed the expression of their respective targets and could act either as tumor suppressors or as oncogenes, playing a crucial part in breast carcinogenesis.
No Increase in HIV Drug Resistance Mutations among Injecting Drug Users on Methadone Maintenance Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Huang Chunyuan , Ye Li , Abdullah Abu S , Liang Bingyu , Jiang Junjun , Ning Chuanyi , Zang Ning , Zhang Yu , Yang Yuan , Hu Xi , Yang Quanlue , Luo Chaolian , Lao Feixiang , Liu Huifang , Liang Hao , Huang Jiegang 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Whether HIV-positive injecting drug users (IDUs) are at higher risk of
developing drug resistance mutations (DRMs) after methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) than
any other HIV-positive population is unclear.

Objective:
To compare the incidence of new DRMs in two population groups: antiretroviraltreatment
(ART) HIV-positive IDUs and non-drug users.

Methods:
A prospective cohort of ART HIV-positive patients including IDUs who received MMT
(MMT group) and non-drug users (N-MMT group) was established from April 2016 to December
2017 in Guangxi, China.

Results:
Of the 80 participants, 43 were in the MMT group and 37 were in the N-MMT group.
Compared with the N-MMT group, the HRs of PIs, NRTIs and NNRTIs for new DRMs in the
MMT group was 1.55 (95%CI: 0.28-8.64; P = 0.616), 1.51 (95%CI: 0.44-5.20; P = 0.512) and 0.45
(95%CI: 0.15-1.35; P = 0.155), respectively. There was no dose-response relationship between
MMT and new DRMs for PIs, NRTIs and NNRTIs (P > 0.05). The new DRM incidence for NRTIs
(138.23 per 104 person-months) was higher than for PIs (94.16 per 104 person-months) and
NNRTIs (95.41per 104 person-months) in the MMT group, while the new DRM incidence for
NNRTIs (208.24 per 104 person-months) was higher than for PIs (44.13 per 104 person-months)
and NRTIs (91.78 per 104 person-months) in the N-MMT group.

Conclusion:
Among ART HIV-positive patients, there is no significant difference in the incidence
of new DRMs between IDUs receiving MMT and non-drug users. MMT has little impact on the
development of DRMs among IDUs.
Prevalence of COVID-19-like Symptoms among People Living with HIV, and Using Antiretroviral Therapy for Prevention and Treatment
Authors: SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Ghadimi Maryam , Hajiabdolbaghi Mahboubeh , Rasoolinejad Mehrnaz , Abbasian Ladan , Nezhad Malihe Hassan , Manshadi SeyedAli Dehghan , Ghadimi Fatemeh , Ahmadinejad Zahra 
Published: July 2020

Background:
COVID-19 has spread globally with remarkable speed, and currently,
there is limited data available exploring any aspect of the intersection between HIV and SARSCoV-
2 co-infection.

Objective:
To estimate the prevalence of clinical symptoms associated with COVID-19 among
people living with HIV (PLWH) in Tehran, Iran.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Methods:
A total of 200 PLWH were recruited through the positive club via sampling, and completed
the symptom-based questionnaire for COVID-19, which was delivered by trained peers.

Results:
Of 200 participants, respiratory symptoms, including cough, sputum, and shortness of
breath, were the most prevalent among participants, but only one person developed symptoms collectively
suggested COVID-19 and sought treatments.

Conclusions:
It appears that existing infection with HIV or receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART)
might reduce the susceptibility to the infection with SARS-CoV-2 or decrease the severity of the
infection acquired. Further research is needed to understand causal mechanisms.
The Effect of Myrtus communis Aqueous Extract-Containing Gel on Wound Healing in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Khodaie Seyed-Ali , Emadi Fatemeh , Naseri Mohsen , Kamalinejad Mohammad , Riahi Seyed Mohammad , Alijaniha Fatemeh , Roghani Mehrdad 
Published: July 2020

Background: :
The medicinal plant Myrtus communis L. (Myrtle) has been medicinal properties including antiinflammatory and wound healing in Persian Medicine.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to explore the wound healing potential of the local application of a gel containing
aqueous extract of the plant berry in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Methods:
Seven days after diabetes establishment, full-thickness excision skin wounds were made in normal and diabetic
rats and treated groups received topical application of a gel containing 6% aqueous extract of myrtle berries for 3 weeks.
The rate of wound healing and the level of epidermal and dermal maturation in the wound tissue were determined.

Results:
The results showed that after 3 and 7 days of wound injury, the gel significantly improved wound healing by accelerating epidermal and dermal maturation in diabetic rats with no significant effect in control group. However, the wounds
of all groups almost completely healed after 3 weeks.

Conclusion:
These results demonstrate that aqueous extract of myrtle possesses a definite wound healing potential in diabetic condition. Our present findings may suggest the use of topical myrtle berries aqueous extract gel 6% to treat and manage
intractable diabetic wounds.
The Toxicity Effect of Echium amoenum on the Liver and Kidney of Mice
Authors: Ghorbani Mozhgan , Araghi Atefeh , Shariatifar Nabi , Mirbaha Seyed Hooman , Abbasabadi Behrokh Marzban , Samarghandian Saeed , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Sadighara Parisa 
Published: July 2020

Aims:
The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of Echium amoenum
plants on the liver and kidney of the animal model.

Background:
Echium amoenum is one of the medicinal plants containing pyrrolizidine alkaloids
with several properties which has widely consumed among different communities.

Objective:
The toxic effects of Echium amoenum on the liver and kidney were investigated in this study.

Methods:
Sixty mice were kept for 28 days under the appropriate laboratory conditions. Echium
amoenum extract (25, 12.5, 50 mg / kg, ip.) was administered for 28 days. At the end of the experiment,
blood samples were drawn and liver and kidneys were removed for evaluating hepatotoxicity
and nephrotoxicity of extract. Additionally, experiments were conducted to assay the enzymatic
and oxidative activities.

Results:
There was no significant difference in the levels of copper ion in the liver and kidneys
among all groups. There was a significant difference in the levels of lipid peroxidation in the liver
of treated groups versus the control group. The significant difference was not observed in the levels
of glutathione of the liver of all groups. However, the levels of glutathione of the kidney significantly
decreased in the treated groups versus the control group. There was no significant difference
in the liver enzymes, including ALP, SGOT, and SGPT, between all groups. This indicates
that damage increases with enhancing the time and concentrations of the extract. Biochemical
analysis showed the creatinine and urea levels did not change in the treated groups versus the control
group.

Conclusion:
According to the present findings, it is suggested that Echium amoenum causes hepatotoxicity
and nephrotoxicity effects in dose and time-dependent manner.
Potential Fatty Acid as Antibacterial Agent Against Oral Bacteria of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis from Basil (Ocimum americanum): In vitro and In silico Studies
Authors: Herdiyati Yetty , Astrid Yonada , Shadrina Aldina Amalia Nur , Wiani Ika , Satari Mieke Hemiawati , Kurnia Dikdik 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis are Gram-positive
bacteria that cause dental caries. MurA enzyme acts as a catalyst in the formation of peptidoglycan
in bacterial cell walls, making it ideal as an antibacterial target. Basil (Ocimum americanum)
is an edible plant that is diverse and has been used as a herbal medicine for a long time. It has
been reported that basil has a pharmacological effect as well as antibacterial activity. The purpose
of this study was to identify antibacterial compounds in O. americanum and analyze their inhibition
activity on MurA enzyme.

Methods:
Fresh leaves from O. americanum extracted with n-hexane and purified by a combination of column chromatography on normal and reverse phase together with guided by in vitro bioactivity assay against S. mutans ATCC 25175 and S.
sanguinis ATCC 10556, respectively, while in silico molecular docking simulation of lauric acid (1) using PyRx 0.8.

Results:
The structure determination of antibacterial compound by spectroscopic methods resulted in an active compound 1
as lauric acid. The in vitro evaluation of antibacterial activity compound 1 showed the MIC and MBC of 78.13 & 156.3 ppm
and 1250 & 2500 ppm against S. sanguinis and in S. mutans, respectively. Further analysis in silico evaluation as MurA Enzyme inhibitor, lauric acid (1) has a binding affinity of -5.2 Kcal/mol those higher than fosfomycin.

Conclusion:
Lauric acid showed the potential as a new natural antibacterial agent through MurA
inhibition in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis.
3,4,5-Trisubstituted-1,2,4-triazole Derivatives as Antiproliferative Agents: Synthesis, In vitro Evaluation and Molecular Modelling
Authors: Yurttaş Leyla , Evren Asaf Evrim , Kubilay Aslıhan , Temel Halide Edip , Çiftçi Gülşen Akalın 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Cancer is the name given to various diseases that are mainly uncontrolled,
related to cell growth and can affect various organs. Among them, lung cancer is the one, which, in
its earliest stages, is difficult to diagnose, and it is asymptomatic until the disease progresses.
Triazole ring is an important heterocyclic ring known with various pharmacological activities.

Objective:
It is aimed to synthesize and characterize novel 1,2,4-triazole derivatives and screen them
for in vitro antiproliferative activity and binding analysis through docking studies.

Method:
In this study, we have synthesized new 2-[[5-[(4-aminophenoxy)methyl]-4-phenyl-4H-
1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio]-N-(substituted aryl)acetamide (5a-h) derivatives and investigated their
anticancer activities against human lung cancer (A549) and mouse embryo fibroblast cell lines
(NIH/3T3) by MTT, flow cytometric, caspase-3 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) inhibition
assays.

Results:
Compounds 5f, 5g and 5h showed the highest cytotoxicity and caused significant
apoptosis. These compounds inhibited MMP-9, slightly whereas they did not effect caspase-3.

Conclusion:
5f namely, N-(5-acetyl-4-methylthiazol-2-yl)-2-((5-((4-aminophenoxy)methyl)-4-
phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetamide exhibited as the most active compound with selective
cytotoxicity and the highest MMP-9 inhibition. Besides, molecular modelling assessment was
signified that antiproliferative activity of the compounds 5f, 5g and 5h was through a slight MMP-9
inhibition pathway.
HLA-DQ Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Hepatitis B Virus in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression
Authors: Mohamed Amal A. , Abdel-Rahman Adel A.-H. , Saad Somia , Mousa Shrook , Tantawi Omnia , Zahran Fawkia E. , Shafik Nevine F. , Elshimy Reham A.A. , Alkhalegy Ayman A.-H. , Kandil Alaa , Ahmed Rehab , Khalil Mahmoud , Soliman Moataz Y. , Abo-Amer Yousry E.-E. , Abd-Elsalam Sherief 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The development and progression of hepatitis B (HBV)-related disease
can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (LC and HCC, respectively). Human leukocyte
antigen (HLA) DQ polymorphism has been reported in other recent studies to deal with the association
between HBV and liver disease. Our study on the Egyptian population was introduced to
assess the strong association between HLA-DQ polymorphism and HBV infection in addition to
the progression of HCC.

Aim:
The aim of this work was to estimate HLA-DQ gene polymorphisms in HBV and HCC.

Methods:
HLA-DQ genotype polymorphism was assayed by using the ABI Taq Man allelic discrimination
assay in different groups in this study. According to the relevant HLA Class II single
nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) literature, one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) was selected
as the candidate site; it was an HLA-DQ, which showed minor allele frequencies AA, GA, and
GG.

Results:
Haplotype analysis was performed on all the subjects in the study; AA haplotype was the
most frequent haplotype in HCC cases (18%) in comparison with HBV and healthy individuals
(3%). The haplotype GA was more frequent in the HCC group and slightly more frequent in LC
when compared to HBV only cases and also when compared to the control group. In contrast, the
GG haplotype was recorded less frequently in HCC individuals, but the HBV and LC groups
showed more frequency of this haplotype compared with the HCC group. There was a correlation
between AFP serum levels and the frequency of GA and AA polymorphism in HCC cases.

Conclusion:
We found that AA and GA haplotype was significantly most frequent in HCC. Our
findings suggest that HLA-DQ AA and GG polymorphism might serve as a novel potential predictive
marker for HCC and may function in tumorigenesis of HBV.
Brain Tumor Segmentation of T1w MRI Images Based on Clustering Using Dimensionality Reduction Random Projection Technique
Authors: Babu K. Rajesh , Nagajaneyulu P.V. , Prasad K. Satya 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Early diagnosis of a brain tumor may increase life expectancy. Magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) accompanied by several segmentation algorithms is preferred as a reliable
method for assessment. The availability of high-dimensional medical image data during diagnosis
places a heavy computational burden and a suitable pre-processing step is required for lower-
dimensional representation. The storage requirement and complexity of image data are also a
concern. To address this concern, the random projection technique (RPT) is widely used as a multivariate
approach for data reduction.

Aim:
This study mainly focuses on T1-weighted MRI image clustering for brain tumor segmentation
with dimension reduction by using the conventional principal component analysis (PCA) and
RPT.

Methods:
Two clustering algorithms, K-means and fuzzy c-means (FCM) were used for brain tumor
detection. The primary study objective was to present a comparison of the two clustering methods
between MRI images subjected to PCA and RPT. In addition to the original dimension of 512
× 512, three other image sizes, 256 × 256, 128 × 128, and 64 × 64, were used to determine the effect
of the methods.

Results:
In terms of average reconstruction, Euclidean distance, and segmentation distance errors,
the RPT produced better results than the PCA method for all the clustered images from clustering
techniques.

Conclusion:
According to the values of performance metrics, RPT supported fuzzy c-means in
achieving the best clustering performance and provided significant results for each new size of the
MRI images.