bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing fracture fragility assessment of pre‐Northridge welded column splices
Authors: Song Biao , Galasso Carmine , Kanvinde Amit 
Published: December 2019

SummaryA refined probabilistic assessment of seismic demands and fracture capacity of welded column splice (WCS) connections in welded steel moment resisting frames (WSMRFs) is presented. Seismic demand assessment is performed through cloud‐based nonlinear time history analysis (NLTHA) for two case‐study structures, i.e., a 4‐ and a 20‐ story WSMRFs. Results from NLTHA are used to derive fracture fragility of WCS connections. To this aim, the study investigates (1) optimal ground‐motion intensity measures for conditioning probabilistic seismic demand models in terms of global (i.e., maximum inter‐story drift ratio) and local (i.e., peak tensile stress in the flange of WCSs) engineering demand parameters of WSMRFs; (2) the effect of ground‐motion vertical components on the longitudinal flange stress of WCS connections and their resulting fracture fragility; and (3) the effect of WCS capacity uncertainties on the fracture fragility estimates of those connections. For the latter case, an advanced finite element fracture mechanics‐based approach proposed by the authors is employed to capture aleatory and epistemic uncertainties affecting fracture capacities. The focus is on pre‐Northridge WCS connections featuring partial joint penetration and brittle materials, making them highly vulnerable to seismic fracture. Fracture fragility results for the case‐study structures are compared and discussed, highlighting the importance of the considered issues on fragility estimates, particularly in the case of high‐rise structures. Findings from the study contribute shedding some light on the influence of seismic demand and capacity uncertainties on the assessment of fracture fragility of WCS connections. These findings can guide similar performance‐based assessment exercises for WSMRFs to inform, for instance, the planning and design of retrofitting strategies for those vulnerable connections.
Effect of income on length of stay in a hospital or long‐term care facility among older adults with dementia in Japan
Authors: Murata Fumiko , Babazono Akira , Fukuda Haruhisa 
Published: December 2019

ObjectiveWe aimed to ascertain the degree of influence of income disparity among older people with newly developed dementia on the probability and duration of stay in a hospital or long‐term care facility and the degree of influence on medical expenses for hospitalization and care costs.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. Study participants included 12 829 individuals aged 75 years or older not diagnosed with dementia between April 2012 and March 2013 but newly diagnosed with dementia between April 2013 and March 2014.Participants were categorized according to income. We evaluated the associations of income with the probability and duration of stay in a hospital or long‐term care facility and the costs for hospitalization and care.ResultsIn the adjusted analyses, high‐income individuals had a lower probability of admission to a hospital or long‐term care facility than middle‐ and high‐income individuals. In all hospitals, low‐income individuals had the longest duration of stay, but in long‐term care facilities, income categories varied by facility type. Medical expenses for hospitalization and care costs were highest in the low‐income group.ConclusionIncome category affects the probability and duration of stay in the hospital or a long‐term care facility, as well as expenses for hospitalization and care. It is necessary to consider a policy to enable low‐income older patients with dementia to continue living at home.
Exposure‐Response Analysis for Mogamulizumab in Adults With Cutaneous T‐Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Mukai Mayumi , Mould Diane , Maeda Hiroshi , Narushima Kazuya , Greene Douglas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMogamulizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against C‐C chemokine receptor 4 approved in the United States for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome, the most common forms of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL). The exposure‐response relationships for efficacy (progression‐free survival [PFS] and overall response rate [ORR]) and safety (the 5 most common treatment‐related adverse events by Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities [MedDRA] System Organ Class) for 184 patients with CTCL treated with mogamulizumab in a large, registrational clinical trial. Exposure metrics were area under the serum mogamulizumab concentration‐time curve over the dose interval at steady state (AUCss) and minimum serum mogamulizumab concentration after the first dose (Cmin,1st). PFS by investigator assessment, the primary efficacy objective, and PFS and ORR by independent review were not correlated with exposure metrics; however, there was a statistically significant positive relationship between a secondary objective, ORR by investigator assessment, and AUCss (P = .0168). The frequency of treatment‐related adverse events was not related to exposure metrics (Cmin,1st or AUCss) for any of the MedDRA System Organ Classes examined. Of the covariates that were found to have a statistically significantly effect on the population PK model (ie, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, body surface area, mild to moderate hepatic impairment, and sex), none was found to impact efficacy or safety, indicating that there is no need to modify dose on the basis of these parameters.
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Mogamulizumab in Adults With Cutaneous T‐Cell Lymphoma or Adult T‐Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Mukai Mayumi , Maeda Hiroshi , Narushima Kazuya , Mould Diane R. , Greene Douglas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) and adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) are rare non‐Hodgkin lymphomas commonly expressing C‐C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4). Mogamulizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody against CCR4 approved in the United States for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome, the most common forms of CTCL. Pharmacokinetic (PK) and clinical study data from 444 adult patients with ATL or CTCL collected during 6 clinical trials of mogamulizumab were used to construct a population PK model, which was best described by a 2‐compartment model with linear clearance. Albumin, aspartate aminotransferase, mild‐to‐moderate hepatic impairment, and sex were statistically significant predictors of clearance; albumin was also a statistically significant predictor of peripheral volume of distribution; and body surface area was a statistically significant predictor for central volume of distribution. None of the other covariates—for example, age, body weight, body mass index, bilirubin, creatinine clearance, disease type (ATL and CTCL), ATL subtype (acute, lymphoma, and chronic), CTCL subtype (mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome), CCR4 expression (status or degree), race (Japanese and non‐Japanese), renal impairment (normal, mild, moderate, and severe), or performance status—had a statistically significant impact. Performance of the final population PK model was acceptable. This model will be valuable for guiding further studies of mogamulizumab.
Genetic diversity and biocontrol efficacy of indigenous Trichoderma isolates against Fusarium wilt of pepper
Authors: Hewedy Omar A. , Abdel‐Lateif Khalid S. , Bakr Ramadan A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTrichoderma species are recognized as biocontrol agents with great potential in inhibiting fungal pathogens that cause significant crop losses. In this study, 15 Trichoderma isolates were collected from various Egyptian locations. Internal transcribed spacer sequencing revealed four different Trichoderma species; Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma longibrachiatum, and Trichoderma viride. The antagonistic activity of Trichoderma isolates against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. capsici was evaluated in vitro. The effect of Trichoderma isolates on pepper growth plants in the presence of F. oxysporum was studied in planta. The inhibition of pathogen mycelial growth in vitro ranged between 35.71% and 85.75%. The isolates Ta3 and Tl had the highest antagonistic ability in vitro against F. oxysporum f. sp. capsici. However, Th7 and Th6 of T. harzianum isolates showed the highest values of disease severity reduction under greenhouse conditions. The genetic diversity of the Trichoderma isolates (Ta1, Ta2, Th1, Th2, Th3, Th4, Th5, and Tv) was investigated on the basis of ISSR and SCoT markers. SCoT primers generated a total of 28 bands, out of which 14 (50%) were polymorphic. ISSR primers gave 32 bands, and 11 of these bands (34.37%) were polymorphic.
Predictors of clinical outcome following revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors:   MARS Group
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe underlying theme throughout this series of studies authored by the Multicenter anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Revision Study consortium has been to determine the modifiable predictors or risk factors of long‐term outcomes of revision ACL reconstruction. The observational studies described and summarized in the manuscript are both clinically relevant and of great interest in finding out the long‐term consequences of the intervention and its relationship to the original injury. The successful completion of these studies has important implications for both therapy and future clinical trials. The identification of modifiable risk factors will play an important role in secondary prevention, while the identification of nonmodifiable risk factors will aid us in counseling our patients and making surgical decisions. Thus, we expect a profound clinical impact on patients' care. More importantly, this project represents an important step forward in bringing evidence to bear in clinical decision making in orthopedic surgery.
Osteophyte volume calculation using dissimilarity‐excluding Procrustes registration of archived bone models from healthy volunteers
Authors: Morton Amy M. , Akhbari Bardiya , Moore Douglas C. , Crisco Joseph J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOsteophytes are associated with later stage osteoarthritis and are most commonly described using semiquantitative radiographic grading systems. A detailed understanding of osteophyte formation is, in part, limited by the ability to quantify bone pathology. Osteophytes can be quantified relative to pre‐osteoarthritic bone, or to the contralateral bone if it is healthy; however, in many cases, neither are available as references. We present a method for computing three‐dimensional (3D) osteophyte models using a library of healthy control bones. An existing data set containing the computed tomography scans of 90 patients with first carpometacarpal osteoarthritis (OA) and 46 healthy subjects were utilized. A healthy bone that best fit each OA subject's bone was determined using a dissimilarity‐excluding Procrustes registration technique (DEP) that minimized the influence of dissimilar features (ie, osteophytes). The osteophyte model was then computed through Boolean subtraction of the reference bone model from the OA bone model. DEP reference bones conformed significantly better to the OA bones (P < .0001) than by finite difference iterative closest point registration (root mean squared distances, 0.33 ± 0.05 and 0.41 ± 0.16 mm, respectively). The effect of library size on dissimilarity measure was investigated by leave‐k‐out cross‐validation randomly reducingkfrom 46 to 1. A library ofn ≥ 31 resulted in less than 10% difference from the theoretical minimum value. The proposed method enables quantification of osteophytes when the disease‐free bone or the healthy contralateral bone is not available for any 3D data set. Quantifying osteophyte formation and growth may aid in understating the associated mechanisms in OA.
A multi‐method approach to dating the burial and skeleton of Kiacatoo Man, New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Pietsch Timothy , Kemp Justine , Pardoe Colin , Grün Rainer , Olley Jon , Wood Rachel 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTKiacatoo Man, a large, rugged Aboriginal adult buried in the Lachlan riverine plains of southeastern Australia, was discovered in 2011. Laser‐ablation uranium series analysis on bone yielded a minimum age for the burial of 27.4 ± 0.4 ka (2σ). Single‐grain, optically stimulated luminescence ages on quartz sediment in which the grave had been dug gave a weighted mean age of 26.4 ± 1.5 ka (1σ). Luminescence samples from the grave infill and from sediment beneath the grave exhibit overdispersed dose distributions consistent with bioturbation or other disturbance, which has obscured the burial signal. The overlap between the minimum (U‐series) and maximum (luminescence) ages places the burial between 27.0 and 29.4 ka (2σ). Luminescence ages obtained from the channel belt of between 28 ± 2 and 25 ± 3 ka indicate that fluvial sedimentation was occurring before the Last Glacial Maximum, which is consistent with the broader geomorphic setting. Together, these results are internally and regionally consistent, and indicate that Kiacatoo Man was one of the more ancient individuals so far identified in Australia. His remains are important to our understanding of patterns of biological variation and other processes that have shaped people in the Murray‐Darling Basin through time. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Meta‐Analysis of Band Reporting Probabilities for North American Waterfowl
Authors: Arnold Todd W. , Alisauskas Ray T. , Sedinger James S. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTKnowledge of band reporting is important for converting band encounter data into estimates of harvest probabilities, which can then be used to assess harvest management goals or estimate population size and other vital rates. Historical estimates of band reporting probabilities have come from reward‐band studies or joint analysis of band recovery and harvest survey data, but there are long gaps between estimates, and most studies have focused exclusively on mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). We compiled 337 estimates of band reporting probabilities for North American waterfowl and conducted a Bayesian state‐space analysis to provide a continuous time series of estimated reporting probability from 1948 to 2010. Band reporting probability increased sharply between 1996 and 2000 when toll‐free phone numbers were added to band inscriptions and agencies implemented electronic methods for band reporting, but our analysis also identified gradual long‐term trends in reporting probability throughout the time series. We found little evidence for among‐species variation in reporting probability, but a few species that are widely regarded as trophies by waterfowl hunters (canvasbacks [Aythya valisineria], redheads [Aythya americana], and northern pintails [Anas acuta]) had higher historical reporting probabilities than mallards. We also found little evidence of geographic variation in reporting probabilities, although we confirmed lower reporting probabilities for eastern Canada. We recommend using our estimates of band reporting probabilities and their variances as informed priors in future analyses of band recovery data to fully embrace uncertainty about how this parameter affects estimates of other population parameters. Retrospective studies using parts collection data are needed to explore potential among‐species variation in reporting probabilities during recent decades. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Kinetics and mechanism of quinolinium dichromate mediated oxidation of sugar alcohols in Bronsted acid media
Authors: Kodali Satish Babu , Jakku Narendar Reddy , Kamatala Chinna Rajanna , Yerraguntla Rajeshwar Rao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBronsted acid catalyzed oxidation of certain sugar alcohols (polyols) has been studied by quinolinium dichromate (QDC) using aqueous sulfuric, perchloric, and hydrochloric acids at different temperatures. At constant acidity, reaction kinetics revealed the second‐order kinetics with a first order in [Alcohol] and [QDC]. Zucker‐Hammett, Bunnett, and Bunnett‐Olsen criteria were used to analyze acid‐dependent rate accelerations. Bunnett‐Olsen plots of (log k + Hν) versus (Hν + log [H+]), and (log k) versus (Hν + log [H+]) afforded slope values (ϕ and ϕ*, respectively) > 0.47, suggesting that a water molecule acts as a prton transfer agent in the slow step of the mechanism in the oxidation of alcohols by QDC in the presence of aqueous sulfuric, perchloric, and hydrochloric acids.
Intersegmenter Variability in High‐Speed Laryngoscopy‐Based Glottal Area Waveform Measures
Authors: Maryn Youri , Verguts Monique , Demarsin Hannelore , van Dinther Joost , Gomez Pablo , Schlegel Patrick , Döllinger Michael 
Published: December 2019

Objectives/HypothesisHigh‐speed videoendoscopy (HSV) has potential to objectively quantify vibratory vocal fold characteristics during phonation. Glottal Analysis Tools (GAT) version 2018, developed in Erlangen, Germany, is software for determining various glottal area waveform (GAW) quantities. Before having GAT analyze HSV videos, segmenters have to define glottis manually across videos in a semiautomatic segmentation protocol. Such interventions are hypothesized to induce variability of subsequent GAW measure computation across segmenters and may attenuate GAT measures’ reliability to a certain point. This study explored intersegmenter variability in GAT's GAW measures based on semiautomatic image processing.Study DesignCohort study of rater reliability.MethodsIn total, 20 HSV videos from normophonic and dysphonic subjects with various laryngeal disorders were selected for this study and segmented by three trained segmenters. They separately segmented glottis areas in the same frame sets of the videos. Upon analysis of GAW, GAT offers 46 measures related to topologic GAW dynamic characteristics, GAW periodicity and perturbation characteristics, and GAW harmonic components. To address GAT's reliability, intersegmenter‐based variability in these measures was examined with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsIn general, ICC behavior of the 46 GAW measures across three raters was highly acceptable. ICC of one parameter was moderate (0.5 < ICC < 0.75), good for seven parameters (0.75 < ICC < 0.9), and excellent for 38 parameters (0.9 < ICC).ConclusionsOverall, high ICC values confirm clinical applicability of GAT for objective and quantitative assessment of HSV. Small intersegmenter differences with actual small parameter differences suggest that manual or semiautomatic segmentation in GAT does not noticeably influence clinical assessment outcome. To guarantee the software's performance, we suggest segmentation training before clinical application.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 130:E654–E661, 2020
Salt‐spray corrosion behavior of a Cu–Al composite plate under AC current
Authors: Cheng Yulin , Yuan Xiaoguang , Huang Hongjun , Zuo Xiaojiao , Zhang Yifan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCu–Al composite plate corrosion tests, under a 0–100 A AC current, were conducted for 48 hr in a neutral salt spray. The morphology and corrosion products were studied by scanning electron microscope and X‐ray powder diffraction, through which the effect of the current was analyzed. Meanwhile, the rate and degree of corrosion were evaluated by weight loss, electrochemical and electrolytic conductivity detection methods. The results showed that when the current increased, the corrosion rate initially increased and then decreased. When the current value was 50 A, the corrosion rate was the highest. The corrosion of the Cu–Al composite plate mainly included galvanic corrosion at the interface and pitting on the aluminum matrix, with no corrosion on the copper matrix. The state of the passivation film changed to loose, peeling, rupture, accumulation, compact, and so on when the current value increased. The type of corrosion product was not affected by the current value. The current affects the electromobility of the chloride ions by influencing the conductivity of the corrosion medium. The higher the electromobility of the chloride ions, the less the destruction of the passivation film and as a result, there is a decreased rate and degree of corrosion.
Corrosion behavior of Cu–Sn bronze alloys in simulated archeological soil media
Authors: Liang Zhipeng , Jiang Kaixi , Zhang Tingan , Dou Zhihe 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of synthetic Cu–Sn bronze alloys with six different Sn contents was examined through an electrochemical test and a synthetic test in a simulated corrosive medium. The mechanism of corrosion and the morphology of the corroded surfaces were characterized through field emission scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy‐dispersive spectroscopy. At the corrosion potential, the corrosion behavior appears to be determined by the charge transfer step and the diffusion process. It was found that the bronze‐IV (Cu–26.8Sn) specimen exhibited the best corrosion resistance, as evidenced by a low corrosion current density and a high impedance. This improvement resulted from an increase in the content of the Cu–Sn solid solution in the alloy, which was conducive to forming a relatively more protective passive film on the surface of the bronze alloy. This finding would be valuable in the anticorrosion protection of archeological artefacts after their excavation.
The small‐is‐very‐small principle
Authors: Visser Albert 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe central result of this paper isthe small‐is‐very‐small principlefor restricted sequential theories. The principle says roughly that whenever the given theory shows that a definable property has a small witness, i.e., a witness in a sufficiently small definable cut, then it shows that the property has a very small witness: i.e., a witness below a given standard number. Which cuts are sufficiently small will depend on the complexity of the formula defining the property. We draw various consequences from the central result. E.g., roughly speaking, (i) every restricted, recursively enumerable sequential theory has a finitely axiomatized extension that is conservative with respect to formulas of complexity ; (ii) every sequential model has, for anyn, an extension that is elementary for formulas of complexity , in which the intersection of all definable cuts is the natural numbers; (iii) we have reflection for ‐sentences with sufficiently small witness in any consistent restricted theoryU; (iv) supposeUis recursively enumerable and sequential. Suppose further that every recursively enumerable and sequentialVthat locally intepretsU, globally interpretsU. Then,Uis mutually globally interpretable with a finitely axiomatized sequential theory. The paper contains some careful groundwork developing partial satisfaction predicates in sequential theories for the complexity measuredepth of quantifier alternations.