bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Technical Way to Control Risks of Satellite Media to Protect Children and Adolescents Health: Comparing Countries with Iran
Authors: Naghshineh Sahar , Tabibi Seyed Jamaledin , Farhangi Aliakbar 
Published: November 2020

Background: This article is based on this view that by using the technology of satellite media, any related risk that can have impact on children and adolescents, are come about; consequently, some actions should be taken to deal with these risks for taking them under control.
Objective: In order to prevent any kind of direct and/or indirect negative impacts of satellite media on children and adolescents, such as self-harm and suicide (Blue Whale Challenge Game as a social network phenomena) and cyberbullying, the objective of this article was to display a technical way through which it is possible to identify risks of satellite media that children and adolescents are exposed to them as well as reaching to a result for Iran.
Methods: Basically, the research done was a comparative study; therefore, in nature, it called for a qualitative research. So, a descriptive research along with case studies as well as an analytical study were applied too. Distributing questionnaires to get to the final result led to an exploratory research and consequently applying the Mann-Whitney U Test using the SPSS statistics concluded to a quantitative research. The final result can be applied by the related authorities to protect children and adolescents. Therefore this research can be considered as an applied research too.
Findings: By comparing five countries which were randomly selected from almost each continent along with Iran, focused on Tehran as a metropolitan counting different ethnic groups, risks of satellite media which have impacts on children and adolescents and were in common among all those countries, were identified by risk management techniques. Then the comparative and analytical studies and appraisals, as well as statistical processes, revealed that Iran’s current media approach and its performance towards children and adolescents are quite different from the other five countries that Iran was compared to.
Conclusion: A new technical way to approach risks of satellite media to control them for preventing children and adolescents from any kind of media risks plus a new result for Iran obtained. As an applied research the new result showed that an immediate action is required to regulate media standards for children and adolescents and also to modify the current situation of Iran’s media approach towards them.
A Reason for Admission to the Sleep Outpatient Clinic during COVID-19 Pandemic: Insomnia
Authors: AYDIN SÜNBÜL Esra , KARACI Rahşan , MAYDA DOMAÇ Füsun 
Published: November 2020

Aim: Sleep can be affected for various reasons such as social isolation, online education, shift work, etc. during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. People who have comorbid psychiatric or sleep disorders before the pandemic are thought to be more affected. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep quality and insomnia.
Material and Methods: Our study was a retrospective study, and patients who admitted to the sleep outpatient clinic with insomnia complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic were included. The complaints, sociodemographic characteristics, and diagnosis of the patients were obtained from medical records.
Results: Fifty-three patients diagnosed with insomnia according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders third edition (ICSD-3) were included in the study. The mean sleep time before the pandemic was 6.8±1.2 hours, while it was 5.9±1.7 hours after the pandemic. After the pandemic, 13 (24.5%) patients had shortened sleep duration. There was no difference in clinical features between those whose sleep duration decreased and did not change during the pandemic. Twenty (37.7%) patients' complaints of insomnia started during the pandemic. Most of the patients whose complaints started during the pandemic were male (n=12, 60.0%). Their main complaint was difficulty in falling asleep (n=18, 90.0%). The anxiety symptoms were remarkable.
Conclusion: Sleep disorders during the pandemic are an important problem for everyone. However, some individuals have a higher risk of sleep problems. Therefore, the results of our study may contribute to the interventions aimed at improving sleep quality during pandemic.
Propriedade intelectual e direito autoral de produção autônoma da inteligência artificial
Authors: Divino Sthéfano Bruno Santos , Magalhães Rodrigo Almeida 
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo pretende responder ao seguinte problema: quem titula autoria da produção intelectual advinda de ato autônomo de Inteligência Artificial (IA)? Para satisfação dessa problemática, primeiramente aborda-se a ontologia da mente e da inteligência artificial em aspectos dedutivos teóricos. Posteriormente, analisa-se a compatibilidade entre a ontologia da mente e a produção intelectual de IA para com o conceito legal de autor, contido no art. 11 da Lei 9.610/1998. Ao final, propõe-se a impossibilidade ontológica e jurídica de uma IA titular autoria de produção intelectual, ainda que advinda de atos autônomos, atribuindo-os ao seu programador/criador. Ancora-se esse raciocínio nos métodos dedutivo e de pesquisa integrada.
Palavras-chaves: Direito autoral. Inteligência Artificial (IA). Propriedade intelectual.
A (in)determinação do direito na fronteira entre os sistemas jurídico e político: uma análise a partir da desconstrução de mitos sobre o positivismo e o pós-positivismo
Authors: Lunardi Fabrício Castagna 
Published: November 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo tematizar a questão da (in)determinação do direito no positivismo, no “pós-positivismo” e fora das teorias normativas. Desse modo, pretende-se perquirir em que medida essas teorias conseguem reduzir a incerteza do direito, ou, ao revés, se contribuem para ampliá-la. Para tanto, a pesquisa se desenvolve com base na opção de uma linha crítico-metodológica, sobretudo para desfazer alguns lugares comuns acerca dessas teorias. Ao final, conclui-se que a indeterminação do direito é uma contingência, bem como que ela se apresenta de forma paradoxal, pois possibilita a abertura para o futuro e conecta o direito à razão prática, mas, ao mesmo tempo, é um valor que deve se impor ao sistema, um postulado que sempre deve se exigir na tensão com o valor justiça.
Palavras-chaves: Indeterminação do direito. Positivismo. Pós-positivismo. Teorias da argumentação.
ANALISIS SEMIOTIKA FILM "KIM JI YOUNG BORN 1982"
Authors: Fitriana Rika Fitriana 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Film Kim Ji Young Born 1982 diangkat dari novel bestseller karya Cho Nam Joo yang sudah rilis di berbagai Negara. Isu yang diangkat dari novel ini adalah sistem patriarki dan kesetaraan gender di Korea Selatan. Novel ini akhirnya diangkat menjadi sebuah film dengan judul yang serupa. Film ini seakan ingin menyuarakan nasib perempuan-perempuan di Korea Selatan yang masih terbelenggu dengan sistem patriarki dan mengalami kesenjangan gender di dalam kehidupan sehari-harinya. Dalam laporan terbaru World Economic Forum tentang kesenjangan gender secara global, Korea Selatan berada di peringkat 115 dari 149 negara dengan perbedaan besar dalam hal kesetaraan upah dan perolehan penghasilan bagi perempuan. Sedangkan dalam New York Times menyebutkan bahwa laki-laki di Korea Selatan memegang rekor sebagai yang paling sedikit melakukan pekerjaan rumah di antara laki-laki di negara-negara maju dunia. Laki-laki di Korea Selatan melakukan pekerjaan rumah rata-rata 45 menit per hari atau 1/5 dari yang dilakukan para perempuan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisis Semiotik. Hasil dari penelitian ini yang pertama adalah laki-laki dianggap lebih tinggi kedudukannya dibanding perempuan. Hadirnya anak laki-laki dianggap sebuah keberuntungan dalam sebuah keluarga di Korea Selatan. Kedua, pekerjaan domestik menjadi tanggung jawab penuh seorang perempuan jika sudah menikah. Laki-laki atau suami hanya bertugas untuk bekerja. Tidak sepantasnya laki-laki melakukan pekerjaan domestik dalam rumah tangga. Istri akan dipandang negatif jika suami membantu tugas domestik. Ketiga, perempuan dianggap negatif jika mempunyai karir yang bagus dalam pekerjaannya. Perempuan dianggap tidak peduli pada keluarga dan anaknya karena sibuk dengan karirnya. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan jika sistem patriarki dan kesenjangan gender masih lekat dalam kehidupan masyarakat di Korea Selatan.

Kata kunci : Film Kim Ji Young Born 1982, Semiotika, Patriarki, Kesetaraan gender
Ketahanan Beberapa Genotipe Kacang Tanah terhadap Penyakit Karat (Puccinia arachidis) dan Bercak Daun (Cercosporidium personatum)
Authors: Uge Emerensiana , Purnomo Joko , Yusnawan Eriyanto 
Published: November 2020

<p>Pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah seringkali menghadapi kendala biotik antara lain infeksi karat dan bercak daun akhir yang disebabkan oleh jamur Puccinia arachidis dan Cercosporidium personatum. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi ketahanan 24 genotipe kacang tanah terhadap penyakit karat dan bercak daun dengan cara inokulasi kedua patogen tersebut. Penelitian disusun berdasar rancangan acak kelompok, tiga ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman, perkembangan penyakit, jumlah pustul, jumlah dan diameter uredospora. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gejala penyakit karat ditemukan pada minggu pertama setelah inokulasi, sedangkan gejala bercak daun pada minggu ke enam setelah inokulasi. Satu genotipe bereaksi agak tahan dan genotipe lainnya agak rentan hingga rentan terhadap karat daun, sedangkan terhadap bercak daun, semua genotipe bereaksi agak tahan dan tahan pada 10 minggu setelah inokulasi (MSI). Jumlah pustul dan bercak tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok genotipe agak rentan hingga rentan dan jumlah daun berkurang sejalan dengan peningkatan intensitas penyakit. Genotipe LG5/BK10)-89-68 memiliki respons agak tahan terhadap infeksi karat dan bercak daun, sedangkan varietas Takar 1 dan Hypoma 3 memiliki respons agak rentan, dan agak tahan terhadap karat daun pada 10 MSI. Oleh karena itu, genotipe LG5/BK10)-89-68, varietas Takar 1 dan Hypoma 3 dapat digunakan menjadi tetua untuk perakitan varietas tahan karat dan bercak daun.</p>
CO2 EOR Could Be Industry’s Key to a Sustainable Future or Its Biggest Missed Opportunity
Authors: Jacobs Trent 
Published: November 2020

Rising levels of CO2 emissions and intensifying concerns over climate change have convinced many that the oil and gas industry is set to be quickly phased out from the global energy system.
There is another camp, though, that has reimagined CO2 emissions as the source of the industry’s salvation.
Realizing such a rosy picture hinges in large part on the industry’s ability to defy its own history by massively expanding the niche area of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) amid an oil-price depression.
But by investing more in EOR - specifically of the CO2 variety - the industry would be answering the world’s increasing demand for greater carbon sequestration, use, and storage (CCUS) capacity.
Nothing short of a grand-scale effort will cut it. In return for taking ownership, both the industry’s market share and its license to operate may be buoyed against the rising tide of alternative energy options and international policies aimed at limiting fossil-fuel usage.
Large-Scale Experiments Examine Slug-Length Evolution in Long Pipes
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: November 2020

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30864, “Large-Scale Experiments on Slug-Length Evolution in Long Pipes,” by Jørn Kjølaas, Tor Erling Unander, and Marita Wolden, SINTEF, et al., prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference, originally scheduled to be held in Houston, 4-7 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.
The complete paper presents a set of two- and three-phase slug-flow experiments conducted in a 766-m-long, 8-in. pipe at 45-bara pressure. The results show that the mean slug length initially increases with the distance from the inlet but that this increase slows and the mean slug length typically reaches a value between 20 and 50 diameters at the outlet. At low flow rates, slug-length distributions tend to be extremely wide. At higher flow rates, slug-length distributions are generally narrower. The experiments demonstrated that slug flow often requires a long distance to develop.
A Multisolution Optimization Framework for Well Placement and Control
Authors: Salehian Mohammad , Sefat Morteza Haghighat , Muradov Khafiz 
Published: November 2020

Summary
Field development and control optimization aim to maximize the economic profit of oil and gas production. Mathematically, this results in a complex optimization problem with a large number of correlated decision (also known as control) variables of various types at different levels (e.g., at the level of well location variables or at the level of well production/injection control also know as well control or control settings variables) and a computationally expensive objective function (i.e., a reservoir simulation model). Current multilevel optimization frameworks provide only a single optimal scenario for a field development and control problem. However, unexpected problems that commonly arise during field development and operations can impose extra constraints, resulting in operators having to eventually select an adjusted, and most-likely, nonoptimal scenario.
This work proposes a novel multisolution optimization framework, based on sequential optimization of control variables at multiple levels, providing the flexibility for operators to make optimal decisions while considering operational constraints. An ensemble of close-to-optimum solutions is selected from each level (e.g., from the well location optimization level) and transferred to the next level of optimization (e.g., to the control settings optimization), and this loop continues until no significant improvement is observed in the objective value. Fit-for-purpose clustering techniques are also developed to systematically select an ensemble of solutions, with maximum differences in well locations and control settings but small variation in the objective values, at each level of the optimization.
The developed framework has been tested on two benchmark case studies. The results demonstrate high economic and operational efficiency of the developed multisolution framework as compared to the traditional approaches that rely on single-solution optimization. It is shown that suboptimal solutions from an early optimization level could approach the optimal solution at the next level(s), highlighting the value of the developed multisolution framework to deliver operational flexibility by a more efficient exploration of the search space.
Colombian Women Empowerment Boost in the Oil and Gas Industry Through Programs Conducted by Volunteers
Authors: Jaramillo Sandra , Bedoya Claudia , Rada Angelica , Ovalle Oscar , Pastor Paola 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
SPE Colombian Section in the last three years has implemented different initiatives with the objective of promoting and empowering the skills of women throughout their life cycle that is directly or indirectly involved in the oil and gas industry. These initiatives were created to address the reality of the country that despite the majority of the population is female (51.2%), the country does not represent gender equity since most senior officials are occupied by males (66%).
The strategy to contribute to the empowerment of women was organized into three groups, thus managing to intervene in each stage of their life, which are:Childhood: Girls and adolescents who are located in areas of influence of our oil industry.Young professionals: New graduates of undergraduate programs related to the oil and gas industry.Professional women: Women who throughout their lives had contact with the hydrocarbon industry.
This document summarizes the efforts made by SPE COLOMBIA to promote gender equity in the Oil and gas sector, thus motivating women, adolescents and girls to move towards a higher standard, improve their conditions and position as a leaders from their own environment through STEM vocational exploration activities (Science, technology, engineering and mathematics), mentoring by senior industry professionals, professional coaching and networking workshops.
With these activities, it has been shown again that the empowerment of women and girls has a multiplier effect and helps to promote economic growth and development throughout the world. In recent years, there has been an increase in the participation of women in the activities of the SPE Colombian Section, the promotion of inclusion in their companies and an improvement in their confidence to face the world. Similarly, the importance of men in achieving gender equality was identified, they can contribute to the social and professional development of women.
The Accuracy of the Ishii Score Chart in Predicting Sarcopenia in the Elderly Community in Chengdu
Authors: Chen Xiaoyan , Hou Lisha , Zhang Ying , Luo Shuyue , Dong Birong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia is an age-related disorder that results in loss of skeletal muscle mass, loss of muscle strength, and/or reduced physical performance . It leads to a high incidence of falls, fractures, hospitalizations, a loss of mobility, and subsequently reduced quality of life.Therefore, it is crucial to find effective screening tools for early screening in the elderly community. Many studies had shown the Ishii score chart predicts sarcopenia with high sensitivity and specificity. But, the Ishii score chart is mainly based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) consensus. Now, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS)2019 consensus has changed its previous diagnostic criteria, so whether the Ishii score chart is suitable for China needs to be verified. This study, intends to verify the accuracy of the Ishii score chart within the Chinese elderly community in an effort to find a suitable model of screening for sarcopenia.Methods: Using the AWGS2019 sarcopenia diagnostic criteria as a reference, the accuracy of the Ishii score chart among the elderly community was evaluated using indicators such as sensitivity, specificity, the ROC curve (receiver operating characteristic curve), and the area under the curve (AUC) .Results: 1.The prevalence rate of sarcopenia in the Chengdu elderly community was 18.38%, of which 19.87% were males and 16.91% were females. 2. The Ishii score chart predicted sarcopenia when the AUC was 0.84 with 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.80-0.89 for females and 0.81 with 95% CI of 0.75-0.86 for males. According to original cut-off, which was set at 120 points for females, the corresponding sensitivity was 45.7% and the specificity was 93.2%. The 105 cut-off points set for males revealed a corresponding sensitivity of 53.3% and the specificity of 88.9%. 3. After adjusting the cut-off and maximizing the sum of sensitivity and specificity, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for sarcopenia were 75.3%, 80.2%, 43%, and 94% for females, and 70.7%, 81.6%, 49%, and 92% for males respectively. 4.The Ishii score chart predicted severe sarcopenia when the AUC was 0.96 with 95% CI of 0.94-0.98 for females and 0.93 with 95% CI of 0.89-0.98 for males. When the sum of sensitivity and specificity was maximized, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for severe sarcopenia were 100%, 88.6%, 33%, and 99% for females, and 91.7%, 87.0%, 21%, and 97% for males respectively. Conclusion: After adjusting the cut-off values, the Ishii score chart had high predictive value for both sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia among the elderly Chengdu community.
Cryptochrome Expression in Avian UV Cones: Revisiting the Role of Cry1 As Magnetoreceptor
Authors: Pinzon-Rodriguez Atticus , Muheim Rachel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cryptochromes (Cry) have been proposed as putative magnetoreceptors in vertebrates. Localisation of Cry1 in the UV cones in the retinas of birds suggested that it could be the candidate magnetoreceptor. However, recent findings argue against this possibility. Cry1 is a type II cryptochrome, a subtype of cryptochromes that may not be inherently photosensitive, and it exhibits a clear circadian expression in the retinas of birds. Here, we reassessed the localization and distribution of Cry1 in the retina of the zebra finch. Zebra finches have a light-dependent magnetic compass based on a radical-pair mechanism, similar to migratory birds. We found that Cry1 colocalized with the UV/V opsin (SWS1) in the outer segments of UV cones, but restricted to the tip of the segments. Cry1 was expressed in all UV cones across the entire retina, with the highest densities near the fovea. Pre-exposure of birds to different wavelengths of light did not result in any difference in Cry1 expression, suggesting that Cry1 did not undergo any detectable functional changes as result of light activation. Considering that Cry1 is likely not involved in magnetoreception, our findings open the possibility for an involvement in different, yet undetermined functions in the avian UV/V cones.
Learning Deep Features for Stain-free Live-dead Human Breast Cancer Cell Classification
Authors: Pattarone Gisela , Acion Laura , Simian Marina , Iarussi Emmanuel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Automated cell classification in cancer biology is a challenging topic in computer vision and machine learning research. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women that usually involves phenotypically diverse populations of breast cancer cells and an heterogeneous stroma. In recent years, automated microscopy technologies are allowing the study of live cells over extended periods of time, simplifying the task of compiling large image databases. For instance, there have been several studies oriented towards building machine learning systems capable of automatically classifying images of different cell types (i.e. motor neurons, stem cells). In this work we were interested in classifying breast cancer cells as live or dead, based on a set of automatically retrieved morphological characteristics using image processing techniques. Our hypothesis is that live-dead classification can be performed without any staining and using only bright-field images as input. To our knowledge, there is no previous work attempting this task on in vitro studies of breast cancer cells, nor is there a dataset available to explore solutions related to this issue. We tackled this problem using the JIMT-1 breast cancer cell line that grows as an adherent monolayer. First, a vast image set composed by JIMT-1 human breast cancer cells that had been exposed to a chemotherapeutic drug treatment (doxorubicin and paclitaxel) or vehicle control was compiled. Next, several state-of-the-art classifiers were trained based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) to perform supervised classification using labels obtained from fluorescence microscopy images associated with each bright-field image. Model performances were evaluated and compared on a large number of bright-field images. The best model reached an AUC = 0.941 for classifying breast cancer cells without treatment. Furthermore, it reached AUC = 0.978 when classifying breast cancer cells under drug treatment. Our results highlight the potential of machine learning and computational image analysis to build new diagnosis tools that benefit the biomedical field by reducing cost, time, and stimulating work reproducibility. More importantly, we analyzed the way our classifiers clusterize bright-field images in the learned high-dimensional embedding and linked these groups to salient visual characteristics in live-dead cell biology observed by trained experts.