bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbandingan Minat Belajar menggunakan Pembelajaran Model Diskusi dengan Model Pengajaran Langsung Peserta Didik Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Batangtoru
Authors: Fadlan Ahmad 
Published: June 2020

Abstrak
Adapun rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah â€œApakah ada perbandingan minat belajar menggunakan pembelajaran model diskusi kelas dengan model pengajaran langsung peserta didik kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Batangtoru?â€ Sedangkan tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan minat belajar menggunakan pembelajaran model diskusi kelas dengan model pengajaran langsung peserta didik kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Batangtoru. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian secara komparatif, yaitu penelitian yang bersifat membandingkan variabel yang satu dengan variabel yang lain terhadap objek yang berbeda. Penulis mengumpulkan data dengan melakukan penyebaran angket dan tes, kemudian untuk melihat apakah ada perbandingan minat belajar menggunakan pembelajaran model diskusi kelas dengan model pengajaran langsung peserta didik kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Batangtoru, penulis menggunakan rumus t-test polled varians. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang penulis lakukan melalui rumus polled varians diperoleh harga thitung = 12,67 dengan melihat daftar ttabel dengan jumlah sampel 75 kemudian digunakan derajat kebebasan (dk) = n1 + n2 2 dan taraf kesalahan 5% adalah 2,000. Sesuai dengan ketentuan jika thitung lebih besar (>) dari ttabel dengan kata lain (12,67> 2,000) maka hipotesis alternatif Ha dapat diterima.

Kata kunci : minat belajar, pembelajaran model diskusi, pengajaran langsung

Abstract
The problem formulation in this research was â€œIs there a comparison of learning interest by using class discussion learning with direct teaching learning on grade XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Batangtoru?â€. While the aim of this research was to know the comparison of learning interest by using class discussion learning with direct teaching learning on grade XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Batangtoru. In this research, the writer used research method comparatively, it was the research which compared one variable to other on different objects. The writer collected the data by giving questionairesand test, then to know whether there was a comparison of learning interest by using class discussion learning with direct teaching learning on grade XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Batangtoru, the writer used T-Test Polled Varians formula. Based on the research result , the t-test = 12,67 by checking to t-table list with the sample was 75 students then it was used freedom degree = n1 + n2 2 and wrongness rate 5% was 2,000. Based on the statement, if t-test was higher than t-table (12,67> 2,000) then the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted.

Keywords : learning interest, discussion learning model, direct teaching model
The Self-Identification of an Empire: the Version of Manuel I Komnenos
Authors: Кузенков П.В. 
Published: June 2020

Аннотация
В статье прослежены основные направления, по которым в эпоху Мануила I Комнина (1143–1180) проходила идеологическая самоидентификация византийского императора как полноправного наследника римской универсалистской идеи, воплощенной в образе Константина Великого. Разбирается отношение византийских авторов к «Константинову дару» и их успешные попытки приспособить данный фальсификат для укрепления собственной политической идеологии. Впервые в русском переводе приводится послание Фридриха I Барбароссы к императору Мануилу, на примере которого показано неадекватное отношение западноевропейских корреспондентов к идейно-политическому наполнению официальной византийской титулатуры. Постулируется принципиальное расхождение в базовых принципах, терминах, идеологических установках и культурно-религиозном фундаменте греческого и латинского христианства, что способствовало углублению разрыва между Византией и Западом фатальным образом сказалось на судьбе Империи ромеев.
Abstract
The article traces the main directions along which the ideological self-identification of the Byzantine emperor as a full heir to the Roman universalist idea embodied in the image of Constantine the Great took place in the era of Manuel I Comnenus (1143–1180). The attitude of the Byzantine authors to the «Donation of Constantine» and their successful attempts to adapt this falsification to strengthen their own political ideology is analyzed. The message of Frederick I Barbarossa to Emperor Manuel (1177) is given, for the first time in a Russian translation, as an example showing the inadequate attitude of Western European correspondents to the ideological and political filling of the official Byzantine title. A fundamental discrepancy is postulated in the basic principles, terms, ideological principles and the cultural and religious foundation of Greek and Latin Christianity, which contributed to widening the gap between Byzantium and the West, with fatal affect to the fate of the Eastern Roman Empire.
Uso de ferramentas do Moodle para trabalhar o gênero resumo na disciplina Leitura e Produção de Textos, modalidade semipresencial
Authors: Zanatta Flávia , Keller Garine Andréa , Thiesen Fuchs Juliana 
Published: June 2020

Resumo: Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma sequência didática idealizada para trabalhar o gênero resumo na disciplina Leitura e Produção de Textos, modalidade semipresencial, do semestre 2019B da Universidade do Vale do Taquari – Univates, em que foram exploradas as ferramentas do Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem Moodle. Tal proposta pedagógica se materializou em uma sequência de cinco aulas que contemplaram a leitura, o reconhecimento das características e a escrita de resumo e que buscaram proporcionar aos estudantes um leque de materiais e de atividades que lhes possibilitasse ter mais propriedade no momento de produzir textos dessa natureza não só na disciplina, mas principalmente no decorrer de sua formação inicial. Ao longo das aulas, foram tratadas questões sobre a elaboração de resumo com base em materiais teóricos e atividades práticas disponibilizados no Moodle a partir de variadas ferramentas, as quais se mostraram bastante efetivas, uma vez que possibilitaram aos acadêmicos grande interação com o gênero resumo e o aprimoramento de suas produções a partir das observações feitas pelos colegas, visíveis na escrita da versão final do texto entregue na quinta aula da sequência.

Palavras-chave: Ferramentas do Moodle. Escrita acadêmica. Gênero resumo.
Ensino-aprendizagem de Língua Inglesa: um panorama do uso de TICs e a construção de um site pedagógico.
Authors: Romagna Júlia , Eich Milena Schneid , Bencke Diane Blank 
Published: June 2020

É indiscutível o potencial benéfico ao ensino e aprendizagem de línguas das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICS), especialmente em contextos educacionais. Verificar essa premissa foi a proposta deste artigo, fruto de um trabalho de conclusão do curso do Ensino Médio Técnico Integrado de um Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Para tal, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica, investigação diagnóstica do uso de TICS na aprendizagem de Língua Inglesa e proposição de um site com ferramentas tecnológicas para aprendizagem de Língua Inglesa como uma tentativa de intervenção. A verificação ocorreu através da aplicação de um questionário escrito no Google docs a 177 alunos e, com base nos dados coletados, fez-se uma análise estatística. Observou-se, entre outros dados, que 44% dos alunos respondentes não estudam a Língua Inglesa fora do ensino regular e que há preferência por ferramentas de áudio e vídeo como recursos para aprendizagem online. Com base nestas informações, desenvolveu-se uma página web, no ambiente virtual Moodle, acessível aos alunos e servidores, com ferramentas e aplicativos para o ensino e aprendizagem de Língua Inglesa, em sala de aula ou à distância. O site foi desenvolvido na linguagem de programação HTML, esteve hospedado no servidor do campus e também continha as especificações técnicas de cada ferramenta. A partir de observação, verificou-se que houve um retorno positivo referente ao site como uma ferramenta complementar aos estudos, ratificando autores como Braga (2012), para quem o papel integrativo das tecnologias digitais no espaço escolar oferece oportunidades de insumo e imersão natural na língua.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF UNIQUE FRUCTOPHILIC LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FROM DIFFERENT FLOWER SOURCES.
Authors: M. Saleh G. 
Published: June 2020

This study was aimed to investigate Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that contain an important group of bacterial strains such as fructophilic lactic acid bacteria that usually isolated from fructose rich niches. These groups of bacteria have been considered as probiotics, especially in animal applications. In this study these bacteria were isolated from 6 Plant sources (flowers) such as: Convolvulus arvensis, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis , Nerium oleander, Rosa rugosa, Tagetes erecta and Zinnia elegans. The bacterial isolates were identified by morphological and molecular methods through the detection of 16SrRNA gene. Carbohydrate fermentation profile as well as their antibacterial activity using the dual culture overlay assay was also detected. The results revealed that 5 types of different lactic acid bacteria were isolated included: Fructobacillus fructosus, Lactobacillus kunkeei, Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecium , and Lactobacillus brevis. These isolates showed variety in fermentation of carbohydrates. Also, all isolates exhibit inhibition effect against pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus auresو Pseudomonas aeruginosa) except Enterococcus faecium which showed no effect it.
MULTIPLEX SYBR GREEN ASSAY FOR CORONAVIRUS DETECTION USING FAST REAL-TIME RT-PCR
Authors: & et al. Salah 
Published: June 2020

This study was aimed to provide a local database for detection of coronavirus (CoV) species in suspect individual with respiratory tract infections like influenza type A and a tuberculosis using multiplex Sybr green reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (rRT-PCR) technique. A total of 500 samples was collected from individuals suffering from upper and/or lower respiratory tract diseases for testing of 4 CoV species (229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1). RNA extracted, amplified and subsequent the positive samples sequencing. The results showed melting curve analysis (Tm) of the specific amplicons (79.73±0.36) and 9% positive for CoVs and some of them have other co-infection such as influenza virus 26.67%, and TB 11.11%. On the other hands, the CoVs were detected 4.62% in upper respiratory samples and 20.39% with lower respiratory samples. Sequencing results pointed out two isolates were CoV-NL63 and four isolates were CoV-229E, with first record accession number MN086823.1 and MN086824.1, respectively in GenBank. In conclusion, this rRT-PCR showed the rapid and efficient detection of CoVs with few copies number. This allows being used for the diagnosis of CoVs along with other respiratory viruses in a multiplex assay to reduce processing time. Subsequent applied nested RT-PCR to overcome the low viral load.
ANALYSIS THE WETTED AREA FOR SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION IN DIFFERENT SOILS TEXTURE
Authors: Rasheed Z. K. 
Published: June 2020

Subsurface drip irrigation is one of the most efficient systems for management of water. This study is aimed to analysis the wetted area for subsurface drip irrigation system. Several models are developed for predicting the wetted widths and the wetted depths which are very important for designing an optimal irrigation system. HYDRUS/2D is used for predicting the dimensions of wetting patterns numerically by using the two dimensional transient flow of water from a subsurface drip irrigation through sandy loam and loamy sand soils. The wetting patterns from a subsurface drip source are simulated by using the system of United States Department of Agriculture, USDA, the wetting patterns are simulated at different values of applied heads, different diameters of drip, and different values of initial volumetric soil water contents which selected as initial conditions. In this work, greater spreading occurs in loamy sand than sandy loam in vertical and horizontal directions. Moreover, the results showed that the empirical formulas which can be used for estimating the wetting dimensions of wetted width and wetted depth in terms of initial volumetric soil water contents, applied heads, diameters of the drip and times of operation, are good with an average relative error not exceed 3%, so it can be used to assist the designers in irrigation field.
The New Testament in Its World: An Introduction to the History, Literature, and Theology of the First Christians
Authors: Hauw Andreas 
Published: June 2020

Buku ini adalah karya yang terbaru dalam genrenya. Namun, buku ini bukan yang terbaru dalam pendekatannya—sejarah, sastra dan teologi, sebab Mark Allan Powell telah menulis pengantar Perjanjian Baru (PB) dengan metode yang sama. Kendati demikian, buku ini unik. Pertama, sebagai buku sederhana atau contoh agar mudah dipahami (reader atau sampler) mengenai pemikiran N.T. Wright. Hal ini tidak terlepas dari usulan Michael F. Bird supaya Wright menulis buku pengantar PB, setelah Wright menulis banyak buku mengenai PB. Kedua, buku ini bertujuan menjadi buku yang handal dan ramah. Handal karena ditulis untuk memahami kekristenan mula-mula dan ramah karena dilengkapi buku kerja, pembelajaran online, bahan video dan audio, serta kurikulum berbasis jemaat. Ketiga, buku ini berusaha menghindar dari beberapa problem umum yang biasa disajikan dalam buku pengantar PB. Bila dipandang perlu, hal mengenai itu telah ditulis dengan teliti, singkat dan mudah dicerna. Ketika menjelaskan masing-masing kitab dalam PB, buku ini memberikan pengantar singkat, diskusi persoalan penting dan kontekstual, garis besar kitab, komentar singkat, dan tips untuk aplikasi dan penyelidikan lebih lanjut.
Where is God in a Coronavirus World?
Authors: Wisantoso Sandra 
Published: June 2020

John Lennox adalah seorang profesor emeritus di bidang matematika dari Universitas Oxford di Inggris, dosen emeritus bidang matematika dan filsafat sains di Green Templeton College serta pengajar di The Oxford Centre for Christian Apologetics. Dalam karir akademisnya, Lennox giat membela iman Kristen di dalam debat-debat publik menghadapi para ateis terkenal seperti Richard Dawkins, Christopher Hitchens dan Peter Singer.
Tulisan-tulisan dalam buku ini lahir dari perenungan Lennox terhadap situasi kegelisahan dan kebingungan yang sedang melanda dunia ini akibat pandemi virus Corona. Untuk itu, Lennox mengundang para pembacanya seumpama sedang berdialog dengannya di kafe sambil minum kopi dan bertanya: “Di manakah Allah di tengah dunia yang dilanda virus Corona?” Meskipun ditulis dalam waktu relatif singkat dan dengan jumlah halaman yang tidak banyak, buku ini memberikan wawasan yang cukup secara teologis, historis dan saintifik mengenai pandemi yang sedang terjadi saat ini. Tidak hanya itu, Lennox juga berupaya sensitif terhadap penderitaan yang sedang dihadapi pembacanya dengan menceritakan pengalaman-pengalaman pribadi dan keluarganya ketika menghadapi sakit penyakit.
Preparation and evaluation of burns wound healing ointment base of leaves and stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis (L) extract using animal model.
Authors: Ugwu Chinenye Nnenna , Ezeibe Ezinwanne Nneoma , Nwobi Chinekwu Sherridan , Eze Chinelo Charity , Evurani Somtochukwu Amuche , Berebon Philip Dinebari , Akpa Paul Achile , Attama Anthony Amaechi 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND: Burn wounds are inescapable life events especially in low income areas. Contamination of the burn wound site results in localized wound infection, hence the need for potent phytochemicals readily available for wound healing. The use of stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis efficacy for burn wound has not been evaluated to the best of our knowledge.
AIM: The study is aimed at evaluating and comparing the wound healing potential of ointment base of leaves and Stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis on burn wounds created on wistar albino rats.
METHODS: The leaves and Stem bark of Anthocleista djalonensis collected were extracted using 95%v/v methanol and phytochemical analysis conducted. Simple ointments of varying concentrations were formulated to screen for wound healing activity using the burn wound model on experimental rats grouped into six (n=4). Group 1 was treated with silver sulfadiazine cream (positive control), group 2 with ointment base (negative control), group 3 with 1% stem bark extract ointment, group 4 with 2% stem bark ointment, group 5 with 1% leave extract ointment, and group 6 with 2% leave extract ointment. All animals were anesthetized before the creation of burn wounds. Measurement was taken on day zero and the wound was left untreated for 48 hours in order to allow bacterial colonization before daily treatment of the wound for 16 days.
RESULTS: The result of the phytochemical screening revealed that both extract of Anthocleista djalonensis contains flavonoids, tannins and saponins. On day 2, 1% stem bark, 2% stem bark and 1% leaf extract had 16%, 15%, and 10% wound contraction respectively which was higher than the 8.5% wound contraction of silver sulfadiazine. Also as the concentration of the extract increased, the wound healing effect also increased as seen by the percentage wound contraction on day 16 for all treatment.
CONCLUSION: The findings of the study have shown that methanolic extracts of stem bark and leaf of Anthocleista djalonensis contained bioactive constituents which have burn wound healing activity. The stem bark extract showed better activity when compared with the leaf extract and also the positive control (silver sulfadiazine).
Assessment and Evaluation of Cosmetics Preparations in Teenage Girls For Acne
Authors: ALAM MD NIYAZ 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction The Indian cosmetics industry plays a vital role in ayurvedic and herbal cosmetics sector because India is traditionally strong in this field. Acne is common skin disorder for which dermatologists come across since last decade. Throughout the Indian market, different proprietary cosmetic formulations are available for the treatment of acne. Among the whole range of products that fall within the region of the Indian cosmetic market, the most popular items are color cosmetics, of which Fair & Lovely, Clean&Care, Vicco Turmeric & Ponds glosses account for the most sales. Lakme and Revlon are the most popular brand in the local market. The present study was to evaluate the uses of cosmetic prepration in teenagers Girl for Acne.
Material and Methods: This was concurrent observational based study conducted by different pharmacy colleges in Greater Noida. The study was carried out in the month of March 2018 to May 2018. During study period total 200 Acne Patient Girls were evaluated.
Results & Discussion: The present study has made an earnest attempt to examine the cosmetics usage behavior of College girls. The scope of the study however has been limited to age particular arts and science College in which co-education is in vogue. The prevalence of acne was most common in the age group between 19-22 years. Among the participated teenagers girls were most commonly used product was Herbal followed by allopathic. The total average cost of the cosmetic product used by the girls in the prescription was found to be 112.23 rupees.
Keywords: Concurrent, Cosmatics, Herbal, Ayurvedic, Prevalence
MODIFIKASI SPUYER PADA KOMPOR BIOGAS DR DAN PEMBERIAN KATUP PENGAMAN TEKANAN BIOGAS
Authors: Ramli Ilmardani Rince 
Published: June 2020

Seiring perkembangan dan peradapan manusia serta dengan berjalanya waktu serta perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan manusia, kebutuhan hidup dan energipun berkembang kenaikan harga minyak dunia sangat berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia. Pemerintah segera mengambil langkah mengambil subsidi bahan bakar (BBM) dengan hal tersebut berdampak langsung kepada masyarakat desa yang sehari harinya membutuhkan energi untuk keperluan rumah tangga.dengan halterebut harus ada bahan bakar alternatif (terbarukan) untuk solosinya dengan Tehnologi tepat guna yang efektif, efisien dan ramah lingkungan yaitu dengan membuat alat BRT DR untuk memproses limbah kotoran sapi menjadi gas untuk keperluan sehari hari bagi masyarakat untuk memasak, energi listrik sesuai dengan situasi dan kondosi lingkungan masyarakat yang mempunyai bahan dasar limbah kotoran sapi, dapat memanfaatkan limbah kotoran sapi utuk diproses menjadi gas degan alat tepat guna. Dan memodifikasi spuyer pada kompor biogas serta memberi katup sebagai pengaman tekanan biogas.Â modifikasi, spuyer, kompor biogas, katup pengaman
Experimental research of sub-layer feed of self-foaming gas-aerosol filled foam for extinguishing fires in tanks with oil products
Authors: Копылов Николай Петрович , Федоткин Дмитрий Вячеславович , Орлов Лев Александрович , Кононов Борис Владимирович , Сенчишак Тарас Иосафатович 
Published: June 2020

Статья посвящена исследованиям в области тушения пожаров в резервуарах классическим подслойным способом. Представлены результаты натурных огневых (и без горючей нагрузки) испытаний по подслойной подаче самовспенивающейся газоаэрозоленаполненной пены (СГП) в резервуар РВС-5000 от импульсных установок пожаротушения. Испытания показали высокую эффективность тушения нефтепродуктов импульсным способом с подачей СГП, в том числе по протяженному сухотрубу. Определен комплекс факторов, обеспечивающих высокую эффективность тушения исследуемого способа пожаротушения.
In Russia a significant number of tanks are equipped with sub-layer fire extinguishing systems. Foam lines are used to feed the foam into the tank, and various foam generators are used to produce it. The article presents information on the problems of extinguishing fires in tanks using the classical technology of sub-layer fire extinguishing. The relevance of research on the use of a pulsed fire extinguishing method with a sub-layer feed of self-foaming gas-aerosol-filled foam is shown. For practical confirmation of the effectiveness of SGP “subsurface” way at the site of the Orenburg branch of FGBU VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia there was carried out in-situ prior (without fuel load) and fire tests on the tank RVS-5000. In the preliminary test, the SGP feed was carried out from the «Uragan-7,5-200-300» and it was experimentally confirmed that it is possible to obtain a SGP when it is fed through a layer of water. The results of preliminary tests to study the ascent of the SGP through the liquid layer are presented: the time of ascent, the time of covering the mirror area, the multiplicity, and the loss of the SGP in the dry tube. Fire tests were carried out to determine the possibility of extinguishing AI-95 gasoline on the RVS-5000 mirror by sub-layer feeding of the SGP and the possibility of feeding the SGP through an extended dry pipe. When conducting fire tests, two UPAT-7500-M units were used to feed the SGP. Tests have shown high efficiency of extinguishing oil products with pulsed fire extinguishing method with the SGP supply, including long dry pipes. A set of factors that ensure high efficiency of the investigated method of fire extinguishing is presented. At present, an important issue is the adaptation of the SGP feed technology to the existing infrastructure of sub-layer fire extinguishing. This will make it possible to use this highly effective technology on existing tanks equipped with sub-layer fire extinguishing systems and increase the level of fire protection of tank farms.