bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preloaded Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Grafts With Endothelium Outward: A Cross-Country Validation Study of the DMEK Rapid Device
Authors: Wojcik Gabriela , Parekh Mohit , Romano Vito , Ferrari Stefano , Ruzza Alessandro , Ahmad Sajjad , Ponzin Diego 
Published: September 2020

Purpose:
To validate the “Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) Rapid” device for the cross-country transportation of preloaded DMEK grafts preserved with endothelium outward.

Methods:
DMEK grafts were stripped and loaded in the DMEK Rapid device with tissue culture medium (TCM) or transport medium (TM) with endothelium outward. The device was mounted in a 40-mL flask and preserved for 4 days on a rocker to simulate transportation (study A, n = 24) or shipped in the TM from Italy to the United Kingdom (study B, n = 9) and evaluated within 72 hours. All the tissues were stained with Alizarin red. Viability of the cells was checked postsimulations and posttransportation and was confirmed using live/dead staining. Expression of tight junction proteins was evaluated.

Results:
In study A, the endothelial cell loss observed from the TCM group was 20.8% (±5.2) compared with 19.5% (±6.7) from the TM group (P = 0.41) after transport simulation. Alizarin red showed minimal uncovered areas in both groups. There were no statistical differences in viability between the TM (80.83%) and TCM groups (78.83%). In study B, 12.9% (±7.8) endothelial cell loss was observed after transporting the tissues from Italy to the United Kingdom with no significant difference between prestrip and posttransportation (P = 0.05). Alizarin red staining did not show any uncovered area. Live/dead analysis showed 85.16% cell viability after transportation. zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) was expressed in all tissues.

Conclusions:
The DMEK Rapid device is safe for preloading and shipping DMEK grafts internationally with endothelium outward within 72 hours when preserved in the transport media.
Tissue Loss, Processing Time, and Primary Graft Failure in Eye Bank–Prepared Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Grafts Before and After Prestripped to Preloaded Graft Transition
Authors: Duong Andrew T. , Mandel Foley Lindsay , Galloway Joshua , Sales Christopher S. , Tran Khoa D. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose:
To examine tissue loss rates, processing time, and primary graft failure (PGF) of “prestripped-only” Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) grafts at a single eye bank and how these parameters changed after the introduction of steps to preload tissue among experienced processors.

Methods:
Tissue loss and processing time during DMEK graft preparation as well as PGF were analyzed retrospectively at a single eye bank between 2012 and 2018. Outcomes were assessed in consecutive grafts before and after the introduction of preloading to the eye bank's standard operating procedure.

Results:
A total of 1326 grafts were analyzed, composed of the first 663 preloaded DMEK grafts and, for comparison, the 663 DMEK grafts processed immediately before starting the preloaded service. Mean processing time increased from 17.0 ± 3.9 minutes to 26.0 ± 5.4 minutes with the advent of preloading (P < 0.01). Initially, average processing time increased dramatically, with a maximum processing time of 51 minutes, before regressing to the average. No significant difference in the rate of tissue wastage was observed before versus after the implementation of preloaded DMEK (1.2% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.48). PGF occurred in 7 grafts before the preloaded service and 10 grafts after starting the service (1.6% vs. 2.3%, P = 0.47).

Conclusions:
Preloading does not affect tissue wastage for experienced technicians or the PGF rate but increases processing time. Eye banks that are considering adding preloading to their standard operating procedure may need to account for longer processing times in their daily operations.
Visual performance and patient satisfaction after implantation of extended range-of-vision IOLs: bilateral implantation vs 2 different mix-and-match approaches
Authors: Koo Oh-sub , Kang Jun-won , Park Jin-Koo , Kim Kuk-Hyoe 
Published: September 2020

Purpose:
To compare the visual outcomes and patient satisfaction after bilateral implantation of an extended range-of-vision intraocular lens (ERoV IOL) (Tecnis Symfony) vs 2 different mix-and-match approaches combining the ERoV IOL with bifocal IOLs.

Setting:
Glory Seoul Eye Clinic, Seoul, South Korea.

Design:
Prospective observational nonrandomized comparative study.

Methods:
Patients undergoing cataract surgery were distributed into 3 groups based on their lifestyle and near visual demands: bilateral Symfony IOL, mix-and-match Symfony IOL with bifocal +3.25 diopters (D) IOL, and Symfony IOL with bifocal +4.0 D IOL. Binocular uncorrected visual acuity for distance, intermediate, and near, manifest refraction, defocus curve, contrast sensitivity, and subjective visual perception and satisfaction (photic phenomena, spectacle independence, and patient satisfaction) were evaluated at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively.

Results:
The study comprised 103 people (206 eyes). There were no significant differences for uncorrected visual acuity between groups for distance, intermediate, and near vision (P > .05). Contrast sensitivity under low and high luminance conditions was not different between groups (P > .05). Influence of glare on image perception was found to reduce contrast sensitivity more in the bilateral group for smaller target sizes (P < .05). Patients implanted bilaterally with Symfony IOLs reported photic phenomena more frequently than those implanted with the mix-and-match combinations.

Conclusions:
All combinations evaluated provided good visual outcomes for distance, intermediate, and near. The lower incidence of photic phenomena reported by patients, and the lower reduction on contrast sensitivity for low illumination levels with the presence of glare, suggest that mix-and-match approaches might be a better option compared with bilateral implantation of ERoV IOLs.
The Mental Health of Mothers Currently and Formerly Incarcerated in Jails and Prisons: An Integrative Review on Mental Health, Mental Health Treatment, and Traumatic Experiences
Authors: Stanton Ann E. , Rose Susan J. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Most incarcerated women in the United States are mothers who report high rates of mental health issues and traumatic experiences, yet their needs are often overlooked because they comprise a smaller proportion of the incarcerated population compared with men.

Objective
This integrative review aimed to synthesize the literature on the mental health, mental health treatment, and traumatic experiences of currently and formerly incarcerated mothers.

Methods
We searched PsychINFO, CINAHL, and Criminal Justice Abstracts for all research articles that were written in English; included adult mothers who were incarcerated or incarcerated and released; and contained findings related to mental health, mental health treatment, or traumatic experiences.

Results
Thirty-four articles met the inclusion criteria. Mothers had high rates of moderate-to-severe mental health problems and high childhood and adult trauma rates, especially intimate partner violence. Mothers faced barriers to treatment yet showed psychological resilience and active coping skills.

Implications
Nurses can recognize risk factors for women's incarceration and assess mental health symptoms and trauma, especially interpersonal violence. Nurses can use assessment findings to refer mothers to treatment and community resources and support their reuniting with their children. Nurses can also provide trauma-informed care and education about mental health topics and advocate for mental health treatment prerelease and postrelease. Staff education and organizational interventions to reduce burnout may remove additional barriers to care.
Using Telehealth for Pediatric, Adolescent, and Adult Sexual Assault Forensic Medical Examinations: An Integrative Review
Authors: Walsh Wendy A. , Meunier-Sham Joan 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective
Improved access to qualified nurse examiners to perform sexual assault forensic examinations is needed. This integrative review examines the current research literature on synchronous “real-time or live” telehealth support and guidance during pediatric, adolescent, and adult sexual abuse/assault forensic examinations.

Methods
Informational databases (CINAHL, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Medline, PsychInfo, and Violence & Abuse Abstracts) were searched, and research articles including live telehealth for sexual assault survivors were reviewed (n = 98).

Results
Review of the articles resulted in the inclusion of seven studies that utilized live video telehealth during the sexual assault forensic examination.

Conclusion
The current research literature supports the premise that synchronous telehealth is a promising modality for this patient population. However, the lack of large comprehensive studies warrants additional research to understand outcomes and develop best practices. Additional research studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness, cost, and criminal justice impact of this intervention.
The Treatment of Cholesteatomas Involving the Antrum and Mastoid Using Transcanal Underwater Endoscopic Ear Surgery
Authors: Chen Yichao , Hu Junjiao , Liu Wei , Wang Qin , Li Yajun , Peng Anquan , Zhang Zhiwen 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of transcanal underwater endoscopic bone resection (TUEBR) of the external auditory canal (EAC) for the management of cholesteatoma involving the antrum and mastoid.

Study Design:
Retrospective case review.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
Pediatric and adult patients with primary cholesteatoma extending to the antrum and mastoid who underwent transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) with TUEBR between March 2016 and June 2017.

Intervention:
A rigid 2.7 mm diameter, 18 cm length Hopkins-rod telescope with an endoscopic sheath was inserted in the EAC and continuously perfused with saline during the dissection. TUEBR was performed to expose extensive cholesteatoma by using a high speed drill with curved burrs and a protected shaft. Next, removal of visible disease, reconstruction of the resected EAC, ossiculoplasty, and tympanoplasty were accomplished with TEES.

Results:
There were no intra- or postoperative severe complications such as facial palsy and inner ear injury except one patient suffering from secondary labyrinthitis. There was a negative linear relationship (r = –0.909) between the procedure time and procedure number of TUEBR. There was a weak relationship (r = 0.224) between the procedure time of TUEBR and the degree of the extension of cholesteatoma into the antrum and mastoid. There were two cases with residual cholesteatoma at 12 and 22 months follow-up postoperatively.

Conclusion:
TUEBR is a safe and efficient technique for the resection of EAC bone and transcanal exposure of extensive cholesteatoma that would otherwise require mastoid dissection.
Mobility Technicians
Authors: Lisevick Alexa B. , Kelly Stephanie , Cremins Michael S. , Vellanky Smitha S. , McCann Grace P. , LeBlanc Kathy , Derla Marlo , Comerford Erica , Sinha Sanjay K. 
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND:
Early ambulation of patients with total joint replacement (TJR) has been shown to improve outcomes while reducing length of stay and postoperative complications. Limited physical therapy (PT) resources and late-in-the-day cases may challenge day-of-surgery (POD0) ambulation. At our institution, a Mobility Technician (MT) program, composed of specially trained nurse's aides, was developed to address this issue.

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the MT model with a traditional PT model in the early ambulation of patients with TJR.

METHODS:
Patients undergoing unilateral primary TJR at a single institution between June 1, 2014, and October 31, 2018, were included. Ambulation measures were retrospectively assessed between pre- and post-MT program groups.

RESULTS:
This study included 11,777 patients with TJR. Following the MT program, number of POD0 ambulations, POD0 ambulation distance, and total distance ambulated all increased while time-to-first ambulation decreased.

CONCLUSION:
Preliminary analyses indicate that the MT program has been successful in the early ambulation of patients with TJR.
Mindfulness-Based College: A Stage 1 Randomized Controlled Trial for University Student Well-Being
Authors: Loucks Eric B. , Nardi William R. , Gutman Roee , Saadeh Frances B. , Li Yu , Vago David R. , Fiske Lauren B. , Spas Jayson J. , Harrison Abigail 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate effects of a mindfulness-based program, adapted to the young adult life course stage (age, 18–29 years), named Mindfulness-Based College (MB-College). The primary outcome was a young adult health summary score, composed of key health risk factors: body mass index, physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol consumption, stress, loneliness, and sleep duration. Secondary outcomes were hypothesized self-regulation mechanisms, including attention control, interoceptive awareness, and emotion regulation.

Methods
This was a stage 1 randomized controlled trial of the 9-week MB-College program (n = 47) versus enhanced usual care control (n = 49) including students from three universities. Assessments were at baseline, during the beginning of the college term when stress is typically lower, and at MB-College completion (3-month follow-up), when term-related stress is typically higher. Intention-to-treat, linear regression analyses estimated the marginal effects of MB-College versus control on the outcomes.

Results
MB-College participants (mean age = 20 years, 68% female, 37% racial minorities) demonstrated improved health summary scores at follow-up compared with control participants whose health summary scores worsened (marginal effect for MB-College versus control = 0.23; p = .004). Effects on loneliness were pronounced (marginal effect = −3.11 for the Revised University of Los Angeles Loneliness Scale score; p = .03). Secondary analyses showed significant impacts of MB-College on hypothesized self-regulation mechanisms (e.g., Sustained Attention to Response Task correct no-go percent, p = .0008; Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, p < .0001; Center for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression scale, p = .03).

Conclusions
Findings of this early stage clinical trial suggest that MB-College may foster well-being in young adults.

Trial Registration: NCT03124446
Death of a Parent During Childhood and the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke in Adult Men
Authors: Chen Hua , Hemmingsson Tomas , Forsell Yvonne , Rostila Mikael , Janszky Imre , László Krisztina D. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective
The death of a parent during childhood is a severe life event with potentially long-term consequences. Earlier studies have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) after the death of a spouse, child, or sibling. Whether parental death during childhood is associated with an increased risk of incident CVD is unknown and was investigated in this study.

Methods
We studied 48,992 men born 1949 to 1951 and enlisted for military conscription in 1969 to 1970. We obtained information on death of a parent during childhood, CVD up to 2008, and covariates by linking the questionnaire and the clinical examination data from conscription with nationwide socioeconomic and health registers.

Results
Men who lost a parent during childhood had an increased risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD; adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.30 [1.13–1.49]) but not of stroke during the 39-year follow-up (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.87 [0.66–1.15]). Maternal death was associated with IHD both when the loss was due to cardiovascular (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 2.04 [1.02–4.08]) and unnatural causes (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 2.50 [1.42–4.42]); in case of paternal death, an increased IHD risk was observed only when the loss was due to cardiovascular causes (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 1.82 [1.37–2.42]). There were no substantial differences in CVD according to the child’s age at the loss.

Conclusions
Parental death during childhood was associated with an increased risk of IHD in men. If these associations are confirmed in future studies, the long-term effects of childhood bereavement may warrant attention.
Evaluation of Quality of Life in Adult Individuals With Cleft Lip and/or Palate
Authors: Aljohani Marwan , Yates Julian , Ashley Martin , O’Malley Lucy 
Published: September 2020

Objectives:
The purpose of the present study was to systematically review literature relating to the quality of life (QoL) in adult individuals with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) and identify which aspect of QoL adults with CLP find to be the most problematic, in comparison to a general non-cleft population.

Design:
Different databases were searched for this review including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid MEDLINE and Embase. Five domains of QoL were identified to evaluate the overall results of these QoL measures. These domains were; physical function, physical pain, psychological implications and self-esteem, self-perception in relation to facial aesthetics, and social function. The studies included underwent critical appraisal and different types of bias were assessed based on the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions.

Results:
Ten studies were included in this review. The total number of participants was 541. The most common QoL measure for adults with CLP was Short-Form (SF-36). Seven studies out of 10 reported statistically significantly worse scores (P < 0.05) in the psychological implications and self-esteem domains of QoL in adults with CLP, indicating lower QoL in terms of these domains. The least affected QoL domain was physical function. A high heterogeneity was found among the studies, including variation in the QoL measures, types of orofacial clefts, types of treatment and comparison groups.

Conclusion:
The presence of CLP did seem to negatively affect the QoL for adults with CLP, mainly in terms of psychological implications and self-esteem.
Clinical evolution of COVID-19 during pregnancy at different altitudes: a population-based study
Authors: Leon-Abarca Juan Alonso , Peña-Gallardo Maria Teresa , Soliz Jorge , Accinelli Roberto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of influenza and various types of coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV) on pregnancy has been reported. However, the current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 continues to reveal important data for understanding its behavior in pregnant women.MethodsWe analyzed the records of 326,586 non-pregnant women of reproductive age and 7,444 pregnant women with no other risk factor who also had a SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR result to estimate adjusted prevalence (aP) and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of COVID-19 and its requirement of hospitalization, intubation, ICU admission and case-fatality rates. Adjustment was done through Poisson regressions for age and altitude of residence and birth. Generalized binomial models were used to generate probability plots to display how each outcome varied across ages and altitudes.ResultsPregnancy was independently associated with a 15% higher probability of COVID-19 (aPR: 1.15), a 116% higher probability of its following admission (aPR: 2.169) and a 127% higher probability of ICU admission (aPR: 2.275). Also, pregnancy was associated with 84.2% higher probability of developing pneumonia (aPR: 1.842) and a 163% higher probability of its following admission (aPR: 2.639). There were no significant differences in COVID-19 case-fatality rates between pregnant and non pregnant women (1.178, 95% CI: 0.68-1.67).ConclusionPregnancy was associated with a higher probability of COVID-19, developing of pneumonia, hospitalization, and ICU admission. Our results also suggest that the risk of COVID-19 and its related outcomes, except for intubation, decrease with altitude.
rRNA analysis based on long-read high-throughput sequencing reveals a more accurate diagnostic for the bacterial infection of ascites
Authors: Yu Xiaoling , Jiang Wenqian , Huang Xinhui , Lin Jun , Ye Hanhui , Liu Baorong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTraditional pathogenic diagnosis presents defects such as a low positivity rate, inability to identify uncultured microorganisms, and time-consuming nature. Clinical metagenomics next-generation sequencing can be used to detect any pathogen, compensating for the shortcomings of traditional pathogenic diagnosis. We report third-generation long-read sequencing results and second-generation short-read sequencing results for ascitic fluid from a patient with liver ascites and compared the two types of sequencing results with the results of traditional clinical microbial culture. The distribution of pathogenic microbial species revealed by the two types of sequencing results was quite different, and the third-generation sequencing results were consistent with the results of traditional microbial culture, which can effectively guide subsequent treatment. Short reads, the lack of amplification and enrichment to amplify signals from trace pathogens, and host background noise may be the reasons for high error in the second-generation short-read sequencing results. Therefore, we propose that long-read-based rRNA analysis technology is superior to the short-read shotgun-based metagenomics method in the identification of pathogenic bacteria.