bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on online platforms’ price discrimination behavior and the same-side network effects
Authors: Yao Can-Zhong , Mo Yi-Na 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to whether competition between platforms can be effective, thus leading to efficient allocations.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the classic linear Hoteling model, this paper builds a two-period competition model for two competing platforms using two variants, namely, a discrimination pricing model and a unified pricing model.

Findings
In the case of the discrimination pricing model, the competition is moderate, and the two platforms split the market evenly in the first stage, while both platforms tended to offer preferential treatment to new users and set higher prices for regular customers in the second stage. Compared to the unified pricing model, in the first stage, the platform can provide a higher price that depends on the cross-network effect when it implements discrimination, and thus, obtains higher profits. However, in the second stage, fierce competition leads to the release of benefits, new and regular customers obtain lower prices and the platforms lose higher profits. In the long-run, discriminatory pricing is not the best option due to lower total profits. The two platforms will implement cooperative pricing or one platform becomes dominant.

Originality/value
Instead of focusing on the cross-network effects, this paper emphasizes the role of the same-side network effect on price discrimination regarding the platforms’ competition. The same-side network effects are investigated in relation to a discrimination pricing strategy and compared to a unified pricing strategy. Another innovative aspect is the study of these network effects in a dynamic setting based on a two-period competition model for two platforms.
The e-learning persuasion through gamification: an elaboration likelihood model perspective
Authors: Jayawardena Nirma Sadamali 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this theoretical paper is to introduce a conceptual model to investigate e-learning persuasion through gamification elements using the social psychology theory of elaboration likelihood model (ELM).Design/methodology/approachThe author systematically reviewed several theoretical and empirical papers which applied the ELM in various settings. Based on the literature, the author identified six research prepositions which facilitate to investigate e-learning persuasion through gamification.FindingsThis study contributes to the existing literature by identifying an ELM-based conceptual model which can be used to empirically investigate the e-learning persuasion using gamification elements. Accordingly, the central route persuasion could be conducted through argument quality, demographic differences and technology context facilitated through gamification elements. The peripheral route persuasion could be conducted through variables such as source credibility, social presence and message content.Practical implicationsThis study contributes important findings to the e-learning research by introducing a conceptual model–based on the social psychology theory of ELM. Thereby, this study introduces a method for the future researchers, to investigate the e-learning persuasion using gamification elements. Further, future researchers can use this model to investigate the e-learning persuasion through gamification in different contexts including primary, secondary and tertiary educational levels.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this study can be considered as the first theoretical paper which developed an ELM-based conceptual model to investigate the e-learning persuasion through gamification in education context.
‘I do feel good because my stomach is full of good hotcakes’: Comfort Food, Home and the USAAF in East Anglia during the Second World War
Authors: GREGORY DERWIN , WAYNE CAROLA 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article analyses the important role that food played in providing ‘comfort’ to the service personnel of the United States Army Air Force (USAAF) serving in East Anglia during the Second World War. Current theories on comfort food will be discussed before an examination of letters, diaries, and memoirs held by the 2nd Air Division Memorial Library (2ADML), Norwich, UK. It is clear that food played an important role in maintaining morale. Certain foods had the ability to evoke nostalgic thoughts of home. Not only did the food provide solace, it also reminded the troops of what they were fighting for. This article also demonstrates that USAAF personnel in East Anglia had a wide selection of foods from which they could gain comfort.
Prognostic value of left atrial volume index in acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ahmeti Artan , Bytyçi Feriz S. , Bielecka‐Dabrowa Agata , Bytyçi Ibadete , Henein Michael Y. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn the absence of mitral valve disease, increased left atrial volume (LAV) is a marker of diastolic dysfunction and long‐standing elevated left ventricle (LV) pressure. The aim of this study was to assess the role of increased baseline LAV in predicting clinical outcome of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).MethodsWe systematically searched all electronic databases up to September 2020 in order to select clinical trials and observational studies, which assessed the predictive role of LAV indexed (LAVI) on clinical outcome in patients with ACS. Primary clinical endpoints were as follows: major adverse cardiac events (MACE), all‐cause mortality and hospitalization. Secondary endpoints were in‐hospital complications.ResultsA total of 2,705 patients from 11 cohort studies with a mean follow‐up 18.7 ± 9.8 months were included in the meta­analysis. Patients with low LAVI had low risk for MACE (15.9% vs. 33.7%; p < .01), long‐term all‐cause mortality (9.14% vs. 18.1%; p < .01), short‐term mortality (3.31% vs. 9.38%; p = .02) and lower hospitalization rate (11.6% vs. 25.5%; p < .01) compared to patients with increased LAVI. Atrial fibrillation and cardiogenic shock as in‐hospital events were lower (p < .05 for all) in patients with low LAVI but ventricular fibrillation/tachycardia was not different between groups (p = .14).ConclusionIncreased LAVI is an independent predictor of outcome in patients with ACS. Thus, assessment of LA index in these patients is important for better risk stratification and guidance towards optimum clinical management.
RNA‐binding protein HuR suppresses senescence through Atg7 mediated autophagy activation in diabetic intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Shao Zhenxuan , Ni Libin , Hu Sunli , Xu Tianzhen , Meftah Zaher , Yu Zupo , Tian Naifeng , Wu Yaosen , Sun Liaojun , Wu Aimin , Pan Zongyou , Chen Linwei , Gao Weiyang , Zhou Yifei , Zhang Xiaolei , Wang Xiangyang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesDiabetes is a risk factor for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Studies have demonstrated that diabetes may affect IVDD through transcriptional regulation; however, whether post‐transcriptional regulation is involved in diabetic IVDD (DB‐IVDD) is still unknown. This study was performed to illustrate the role of HuR, an RNA‐binding protein, in DB‐IVDD development and its mechanism.Materials and MethodsThe expression of HuR was evaluated in nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues from diabetic IVDD patients and in high glucose‐treated NP cells. Senescence and autophagy were assessed in HuR over‐expressing and downregulation NP cells. The mRNAs that were regulated by HuR were screened, and immunoprecipitation was applied to confirm the regulation of HuR on targeted mRNAs.ResultsThe results showed that the expression of HuR was decreased in diabetic NP tissues and high glucose‐treated NP cells. Downregulation of HuR may lead to increased senescence in high glucose‐treated NP cells, while autophagy activation attenuates senescence in HuR deficient NP cells. Mechanistic study showed that HuR prompted Atg7 mRNA stability via binding to the AU‐rich elements. Furthermore, overexpression of Atg7, but not HuR, may ameliorate DB‐IVDD in rats in vivo.ConclusionsIn conclusion, HuR may suppress senescence through autophagy activation via stabilizing Atg7 in diabetic NP cells; while Atg7, but not HuR, may serve as a potential therapeutic target for DB‐IVDD.
NTRK‐Genfusionen beim Melanom: Diagnostik, Prävalenz und mögliche Therapierelevanz
Authors: Forschner Andrea , Forchhammer Stephan , Bonzheim Irina 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungFusionen der neurotrophen Tyrosin‐Rezeptor‐Kinase (NTRK) sind bekannte Treiber der Onkogenese und treten, wenn auch sehr selten, ebenfalls beim Melanom auf. Eine besonders hohe Inzidenz von NTRK‐Genfusionen wird beim infantilen Fibrosarkom (> 90 %) oder der sekretorischen Form des Mammakarzinoms (> 90 %) berichtet. Erst kürzlich wurde Larotrectinib, ein Tropomyosin‐Rezeptor‐Kinase (TRK)‐Inhibitor, zugelassen, und wir fragten uns, ob TRK‐Inhibitoren auch für Melanompatienten relevant sein könnten. Aus diesem Grund haben wir die Literatur gesichtet und sind zu relevanten Ergebnissen gekommen. Beim spitzoiden Melanom sind NTRK‐Fusionen mit einer Prävalenz von 21–29 % relativ häufig, verglichen mit < 1 % beim kutanen oder mukosalen und 2,5 % beim akralen Melanom. Es scheint so zu sein, dass sich Fusionsproteine und andere onkogene Treiber wie BRAF oder NRAS gegenseitig ausschließen. Ein weiterer Anhaltspunkt für eine erhöhte Wahrscheinlichkeit, NTRK‐positive Tumoren zu detektieren, könnte eine geringe Tumormutationslast sein. Da für Patienten mit NTRK‐Fusionen bereits TRK‐Inhibitoren zur Verfügung stehen, wird die Herausforderung darin bestehen, das Screening auf NTRK‐Genfusionen in die klinische Praxis umzusetzen. Ein möglicher Ansatz könnte darin bestehen, BRAF‐, NRAS‐ und KIT‐Wildtyp‐Melanom‐Patienten mittels Next‐Generation Sequencing zu screenen, sobald sie eine systemische Therapie benötigen oder aber spätestens dann, wenn sie kein Therapieansprechen auf Checkpoint‐Inhibitoren zeigen.
Neutropenia resulting from high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin in dermatological patients
Authors: Stoevesandt Johanna , Heitmann Johanna , Goebeler Matthias , Benoit Sandrine 
Published: December 2020

SummaryBackground and objectivesCurrent guidelines recommend high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) as a rescue therapy to treat severe cutaneous autoimmune disorders. Data on IVIG‐induced hematological adverse events are limited in dermatological patients. We assessed the incidence and clinical implications of IVIG‐induced neutropenia.Patients and methodsPatients who received one or several cycles of IVIG between 2014 and 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. IVIG was given according to standardized infusion protocols. Daily differential blood counts were performed. Information on clinical baseline data, dermatological diagnosis, immunosuppressive pre‐treatment, and IVIG‐related adverse events was retrieved from patient files.ResultsSeventeen patients received 106 IVIG treatment cycles. Neutrophil counts below 1,500/μL were documented during 36 (34.0 %) cycles, and neutrophils fell below 1,000/μL in 14 (13.2 %) cases. The average drop of neutrophils from day one (pre‐dose) to days 2 and 3 of IVIG therapy was statistically significant (p = 0.006, and p = 0.002, respectively) despite correction for hemodilution, and so was a slight decrease of thrombocytes (p = 0.029, and p = 0.011, respectively). Four patients developed seven episodes of bacterial infections during or immediately after IVIG therapy.ConclusionsIVIG‐induced neutropenia is frequent in dermatological patients. A risk of secondary bacterial infections cannot be excluded.
Neutropenie als Nebenwirkung der Therapie mit hochdosierten intravenösen Immunglobulinen in der Dermatologie
Authors: Stoevesandt Johanna , Heitmann Johanna , Goebeler Matthias , Benoit Sandrine 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und Ziele:Leitlinien empfehlen hochdosierte intravenöse Immunglobuline (IVIG) zur Behandlung therapierefraktärer kutaner Autoimmunerkrankungen. Für dermatologische Patienten liegen nur wenige Daten zu hämatologischen Nebenwirkungen dieser Therapie vor. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Inzidenz und klinische Folgen der IVIG‐induzierten Neutropenie untersucht.Patienten und Methodik:Alle Datensätze von Patienten unserer Klinik, die zwischen 2014 und 2019 mindestens einen Zyklus einer IVIG‐Therapie erhalten haben, wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet. Die Infusionen erfolgten anhand standardisierter Protokolle, die tägliche Kontrollen des Differenzialblutbildes beinhalteten. Informationen zu klinischen Basisdaten, dermatologischer Hauptdiagnose, immunsuppressiver Vortherapie und IVIG‐assoziierten Nebenwirkungen wurden den Patientenakten entnommen.Ergebnisse:Siebzehn Patienten erhielten 106 Behandlungen mit IVIG. Während 36 (34,0 %) Zyklen wurden Neutrophilenzahlen < 1500/μl dokumentiert, in 14 (13,2 %) Fällen sanken diese unter 1000/μl. Der durchschnittliche Abfall der Neutrophilen von Tag 1 (vor Therapiebeginn) zu den Tagen 2 und 3 war trotz Korrektur des volumenbedingten Verdünnungseffektes statisch signifikant (p = 0,006 beziehungsweise p = 0,002). Dieses galt auch für einen leichten Abfall der Thrombozyten (p = 0,029 von Tag 1 zu 2, p = 0,011 von Tag 1 zu 3). Vier Patienten entwickelten sieben Episoden bakterieller Infekte während oder unmittelbar nach IVIG‐Therapie.Schlussfolgerungen:Neutropenien während einer IVIG‐Therapie dermatologischer Patienten sind häufig. Ein dadurch erhöhtes Risiko bakterieller Infektionen kann nicht ausgeschlossen werden.
Update Dermatologische Lasertherapie II – Weiterentwicklung der photodynamischen Therapie durch Laser‐assistierte transkutane Applikation von Topika
Authors: Paasch Uwe , Grunewald Sonja 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungDie technische Fortentwicklung der jüngeren Vergangenheit bietet dem Dermatologen Zugriff auf neue Laser, Strahlquellen und Behandlungskonzepte. Seit langem eingeführte Wellenlängen zur Ablation sind nunmehr fraktioniert applizierend verfügbar und stehen nunmehr für eine wirksamere und effizientere Behandlung von zahlreichen Hautveränderungen zur Verfügung. Das gezielte Einbringung von Topika (laser assisted drug delivery; LADD) ist das wichtigste Beispiel. Die LADD erfordert eine spezifische Weiterbildung, um sicher und wirksam zur Therapie (prä‐)maligner nichtmelanozytärer Neoplasien der Haut wie der Feldkanzerisierung in Form der Laser‐assistierten photodynamischen Therapie angewandt werden zu können. Bisher verfügbare Daten weisen auf eine höhere Effektivität im Vergleich zu konventionell verwendeten Topika hin, wobei anhaltend über Weiterentwicklungen berichtet wird. Unter anderem wurde die Kombination mit Tageslicht oder alternativen tageslichtähnlichen Strahlquellen bekannt.Dieses Update basiert wie zitiert gekürzt und aktualisiert auf “Paasch, U. 2019. Laser‐assistierte photodynamische Therapie. p. 226–239. In G. Kautz (ed.) Energie für die Haut. Springer Nature, Springer Nature.”.
The role of ontogenetic allometry and nonallometric flower shape variation in species‐level adaptive diversification – Calceolaria polyrhiza (Calceolariaceae) as a case study
Authors: Strelin Marina M. , Cosacov Andrea , Chalcoff Vanina R. , Maubecin Constanza C. , Sérsic Alicia N. , Benitez‐Vieyra Santiago M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOrganism shape changes predictably during ontogeny, resulting in specific patterns of ontogenetic allometry. In several plant and animal lineages, among‐species variation in the shape of mature organisms mirrors variation along their growth trajectories. Hence, ontogenetic allometry is an important bias in evolution. This bias should be stronger at reduced evolutionary time scales, in which among‐trait correlations had less time to evolve. Nevertheless, it was shown that adaptation of organism shape frequently involved departures from the ancestral ontogenetic allometry. Moreover, only a moderate fraction of shape variation is correlated with size during ontogeny. Hence, nonallometric variation in shape (NAVSh) is likely to contribute to adaptation, even at reduced evolutionary time scales. We explored the contributions of allometric variation in shape (AVSh), NAVSh, and size variation to adaptive evolution in the angiosperm species Calceolaria polyrhiza. This strongly relies on oil‐collecting bees for pollination and experienced transitions in the size of pollinators during the last 2 Ma. Using geometric morphometrics, we described corolla morphology in several populations across its distribution range. Variation in corolla shape was decomposed into an allometric and a nonallometric component, and corolla size was estimated. We then looked for the correlation between these aspects of morphology and the pollinator. Our results suggest that adaptation to pollinators with different sizes relied on NAVSh, which resulted from shifts in the allometric slope and from shape changes that occurred early in flower development. We conclude that NAVSh can contribute to adaptation in flowering plants, even at the species‐level.
Prevalence and predictors of suicidality and non‐suicidal self‐harm among individuals at clinical high‐risk for psychosis: Results from a community‐recruited sample
Authors: Haining Kate , Karagiorgou Olga , Gajwani Ruchika , Gross Joachim , Gumley Andrew I. , Lawrie Stephen M. , Schwannauer Matthias , Schultze‐Lutter Frauke , Uhlhaas Peter J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimSuicidal thoughts and behaviours are prevalent in individuals with schizophrenia. However, research examining the prevalence and predictors of suicidality and self‐harm in participants at clinical high‐risk for psychosis (CHR‐P) is limited and mostly focuses on help‐seeking participants recruited through clinical pathways. The current study sought to assess the prevalence of suicidality and self‐harm and identify predictors of current suicidal ideation in community‐recruited CHR‐P participants.MethodsData were available for 130 CHR‐P participants, 15 participants with first‐episode psychosis (FEP), 47 participants not fulfilling CHR‐P criteria (CHR‐Ns) and 53 healthy controls. Current and lifetime suicidality and self‐harm were assessed using the Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Comprehensive Assessment of At‐Risk Mental States (CAARMS). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors of current suicidal ideation in the CHR‐P group.ResultsA considerable proportion of CHR‐P participants disclosed current suicidal ideation (34.6%). Overall, FEP individuals were at greatest risk, with considerably high prevalence rates for current suicidal ideation (73.3%), lifetime self‐harm behaviour (60.0%) and lifetime suicide attempt (60.0%). In the CHR‐P sample, current suicidal ideation was predicted by lifetime suicide attempts, lower CAARMS severity, impaired social functioning and greater comorbidity.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that suicidality and self‐harm are highly prevalent in community‐recruited CHR‐P and FEP individuals. Accordingly, these results highlight the importance of further research into the determinants of suicidality and self‐harm during at‐risk and early stages of psychosis, and the implementation of intervention strategies to reduce adverse outcomes in these populations.
Two‐level pruning based ensemble with abstained learners for concept drift in data streams
Authors: Goel Kanu , Batra Shalini 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMining data streams for predictive analysis is one of the most interesting topics in machine learning. With the drifting data distributions, it becomes important to build adaptive systems which are dynamic and accurate. Although ensembles are powerful in improving accuracy of incremental learning, it is crucial to maintain a set of best suitable learners in the ensemble while considering the diversity between them. By adding diversity‐based pruning to the traditional accuracy‐based pruning, this paper proposes a novel concept drift handling approach named Two‐Level Pruning based Ensemble with Abstained Learners (TLP‐EnAbLe). In this approach, deferred similarity based pruning delays the removal of under performing similar learners until it is assured that they are no longer fit for prediction. The proposed scheme retains diverse learners that are well suited for current concept. Two‐level abstaining monitors performance of learners and chooses the best set of competent learners for participating in decision making. This is an enhancement to traditional majority voting system which dynamically chooses high performing learners and abstains the ones which are not suitable for prediction. In our experiments, it has been demonstrated that TLP‐EnAbLe handles concept drift more effectively than other state‐of‐the‐art algorithms on nineteen artificially drifting and ten real‐world datasets. Further, statistical tests conducted on various drift patterns which include gradual, abrupt, recurring and their combinations prove efficiency of the proposed approach.
Winter snow and spring temperature have differential effects on vegetation phenology and productivity across Arctic plant communities
Authors: Kelsey Katharine C. , Pedersen Stine Højlund , Leffler A. Joshua , Sexton Joseph O. , Feng Min , Welker Jeffrey M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTundra dominates two‐thirds of the unglaciated, terrestrial Arctic. Although this region has experienced rapid and widespread changes in vegetation phenology and productivity over the last several decades, the specific climatic drivers responsible for this change remain poorly understood. Here we quantified the effect of winter snowpack and early spring temperature conditions on growing season vegetation phenology (timing of the start, peak, and end of the growing season) and productivity of the dominant tundra vegetation communities of Arctic Alaska. We used daily remotely sensed normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and daily snowpack and temperature variables produced by SnowModel and MicroMet, coupled physically based snow and meteorological modeling tools, to (1) determine the most important snowpack and thermal controls on tundra vegetation phenology and productivity and (2) describe the direction of these relationships within each vegetation community. Our results show that soil temperature under the snowpack, snowmelt timing, and air temperature following snowmelt are the most important drivers of growing season timing and productivity among Arctic vegetation communities. Air temperature after snowmelt was the most important control on timing of season start and end, with warmer conditions contributing to earlier phenology in all vegetation communities. In contrast, the controls on the timing of peak season and productivity also included snowmelt timing and soil temperature under the snowpack, dictated in part by the snow insulating capacity. The results of this novel analysis suggest that while future warming effects on phenology may be consistent across communities of the tundra biome, warming may result in divergent, community‐specific productivity responses if coupled with reduced snow insulating capacity lowers winter soil temperature and potential nutrient cycling in the soil.