bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Canada’s Black Hockey League Shaped the Sport and the Path to Our Arrival in the NHL Today
Authors: Boyd Joel L. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract:
Willie O’Ree, known as the “Jackie Robinson of hockey,” was the first Black player in the National Hockey League (NHL), debuting with the Boston Bruins in 1958. From the moment the Canadian-born player stepped onto the ice, he changed the notion of hockey as a “White sport,” and he has dedicated his career to making it more accessible, including working with the NHL Diversity Task Force initiative Hockey Is For Everyone (HIFE). HIFE supports nonprofit hockey programs around the country and gives kids from all backgrounds the opportunity to try out their skills on the ice. Since 1994, Willie O’Ree has introduced 50,000 children across North America to the sport. Nonetheless, in the NHL today, only approximately 5% of the players (43 of >700) are players of color. However, several aspects of hockey’s history, and innovations in the game, can be traced back to communities of color. Established in 1895, the Black Hockey League (BHL) of the Maritimes in Canada grew out of local churches in small towns such as Africville, Nova Scotia. By the beginning of the 20th century, the BHL had grown from a 3-team league to include newly formed teams across the region. The league had its own championship at a time when Black players were not allowed to play for the Stanley Cup. The BHL was at its height between 1890 and 1930, with hundreds of players, 12 teams, and as many as 1,200 spectators. Unfortunately, the Canadian government did not provide equitable resources, and churches alone could not maintain these small Black communities. As the NHL developed, focus shifted away from regional leagues. In 2018, Willie O’Ree was inducted into the NHL Hall of Fame. Although he may have broken the color barrier in 1958, hockey is still a predominantly White sport, and society continues to grapple with systematic racism. NHL players have formed an independent group, the Hockey Diversity Alliance, to work to make the game more socioeconomically inclusive and to help eradicate racism and intolerance.
Prognostic&nbsp;factors&nbsp;and survival according to tumour subtype in women presenting with breast cancer bone&nbsp;metastases at initial diagnosis: a SEER-based study
Authors: Li Xiao , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhong Shen Yin , Liu Jie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Tumour subtype has a significant effect on bone metastasis in breast cancer, but population-based estimates of the prognosis of patients with bone metastases at breast cancer diagnosis are lacking. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of tumour subtype and other factors on the prognosis and survival of patients with bone metastases of breast cancer.Methods: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program data from 2012 to 2016, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate stage IV breast cancer patients with bone metastases. Stage IV patient characteristics according to subtype were compared using chi-square tests. Overall survival (OS) and prognostic factors were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model, respectively.Results: A total of 3384 stage IV patients were included in this study; 63.42% were HR+/HER2-, 19.86% were HR+/HER2+, 9.34% were HR-/HER2-, and 7.39% were HR-/HER2+. The median OS for the whole population was 38 months, and 33.9% of the patients were alive at five years. The median OS and five-year survival rate were significantly different among stage IV breast cancer patients with different molecular subtypes (p<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age of 55-59 (HR=1.270), black race (HR=1.317), grade III or IV (HR=1.960), HR-/HER2- (HR=2.808), lung metastases (HR=1.378), liver metastases (HR=2.085), and brain metastases (HR=1.903) were independent risk factors for prognosis; married status (HR=0.819), HR+/HER2+ (HR=0.631), HR-/HER2+ (HR=0.716), insurance (HR=0.587) and surgery (HR=0.504) were independent protection factors of prognosis. There was an interaction between the HR+/HER2+ subtype and other metastases (except bone metastases, HR=0.694, 95% CI: 0.485-0.992), but the interaction between race and subtype did not reach significance for prognosis.Conclusions: There were substantial differences in OS according to tumour subtype. In addition to tumour subtype, other independent predictors of OS were age at diagnosis, race, marital status, insurance, grade, surgery and visceral metastases. There was an interaction between the HR+/HER2+ subtype and other metastases (except bone metastases) for prognosis. Tumour subtype, as a significant prognostic factor, warrants further investigation.
Isolation and Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)
Authors: Liu Songrui , Li Yunli , Yue Chanjuan , Zhang Dongsheng , Su Xiaoyan , Yan Xia , Yang Kuixing , Chen Xin , Zhuo Guifu , Cai Tong , Liu Jiangfeng , Peng Xi , Hou Rong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Disease prevention and control is a significant part in the ex-situ conservation of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens), being bacterial infection is one of the most important health threats to the captive population. To date, studies about the infection caused by Escherichia coli in the red panda are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the cause of death of a captive red panda through clinical symptoms, complete blood count, biochemical analysis, pathological diagnosis and bacterial whole genome sequencing.Case presentation The following report describes a case of a 1.5 year old captive red panda (Ailurus fulgens) that was found lethargic and anoretic. She was moved to the quarantine area for daily treatment with 50mg of cefpodoxime proxetil. During the three-day treatment, she did not eat or defecate, and then died. Clinical hematology revealed the values of neutrophils; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly higher. Histological analysis demonstrated major pathological damage in the kidneys, liver and lungs, characterized by hyperemia, parenchymal cell degeneration and necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration which were predominantly neutrophilic. A bacterial strain confirmed as Escherichia coli was isolated post mortem. Whole genome sequencing of the E. coli showed the complete genome size was 4.99 Mbp. PapA, PapG, OmpA, OmpU and other virulence factors which specific to Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) were found in the isolate. Among the virulence factors, P pili, type I pili and related factors of the iron uptake system were associated with nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The red panda died of bacterial infection caused by an uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. The pathogenic mechanisms of the strain are closely related to the expression of specific virulence genes.
Preparation of biological samples for the recording of electrophysiological signals using high-density microelectrode arrays
Authors: Yuan Xinyue , Schröter Manuel , Obien Marie Engelene J. , Fiscella Michele , Gong Wei , Kikuchi Tetsuhiro , Odawara Aoi , Noji Shuhei , Suzuki Ikuro , Takahashi Jun , Hierlemann Andreas , Frey Urs 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The use of high-density microelectrode arrays (HD-MEAs) provides a promising approach for electrophysiological studies targeted at understanding of brain functions, profiling of neurodegenerative diseases, and drug screening. Here we present the protocol for the preparation of various biological samples for the recording of extracellular signals using HD-MEA, including primary cortical neurons, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived neurons, rodent brain slices, retina, and iPSC-derived neuronal spheroids.
Development and external validation of a nomogram for predicting the effect of tumor size on survival of patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yaodong , Wu Zhengshan , Wang Xing , Li Changxian , Chang Jiang , Jiang Wangjie , Wang Hongwei , Wang Yirui , Li Xiangcheng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The effect of tumor size on account of the long-term survival results in perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PCCA) patients has remained a controversial debate. It is urgent necessary to identify the optimal cutoff value of tumor size in PCCA and integrate tumor size with other prognostic factors into a nomogram to improve the predictive accuracy of the prognosis of patients with PCCA. Methods: 363 PCCA patients underwent surgical resection were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. X-tile program was used to identify the optimal cutoff value of tumor size. A nomogram including tumor size was established to predict 1-, 3- and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) based on the independent risk factors chosen by Kaplan-Meier methods and multivariable cox regression models. The precision of the nomogram for predicting survival was validated internally and externally. Results: PCCA patients underwent surgical resection were classified into 1-19 mm, 20-33 mm and ³34 mm subgroup based on the optimal cutoff for tumor size in terms of CSS. And we noticed that more larger tumor size group had worse tumor grade, advanced T stage, more positive regional lymph nodes and more frequency vascular invasion. The nomogram according to the independent factors was well calibrated and displayed better discrimination power than 7 th Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage systems. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the larger the tumor size was, the worse the survival would be. The proposed nomogram, which outperforms the conventional TNM staging system, showed consistently reliability and clinically practicality for predicting the prognosis of PCCA patients.
Bortezomib administration is a risk factor associated with the development of tumor lysis syndrome in male patients with multiple myeloma: A retrospective study
Authors: Kondo Masahiro , Hotta Yuji , Yamauchi Karen , Sanagawa Akimasa , Komatsu Hirokazu , Iida Shinsuke , Kimura Kazunori 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Novel agents such as proteasome inhibitors have been developed for several years to treat multiple myeloma. Although multiple myeloma is a low-risk disease for developing tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), treatment with these novel therapies might increase TLS risk. Previous studies, mostly case reports or case series, have reported bortezomib-induced TLS in patients with multiple myeloma. This study aimed to investigate risk factors associated with TLS development in multiple myeloma patients.Methods: We retrospectively investigated incidences of laboratory and clinical TLS (LTLS and CTLS, respectively) in patients who received primary therapy for treatment-naive, symptomatic multiple myeloma between May 2007 and January 2018. We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to evaluate the associations between TLS and several parameters previously reported to be associated with increased risk.Results: This study included 210 patients with multiple myeloma, of which ten (4.8%) had LTLS and seven (3.3%) had CTLS. The characteristics of the administered anticancer or prophylactic antihyperuricemic agents were similar between patients with and without TLS. Multivariate analyses revealed that TLS was most strongly associated with bortezomib-containing therapy (odds ratio = 3.40, P = 0.069), followed by male sex (odds ratio = 2.29, P = 0.153). In a subgroup analysis focused on men, treatment with bortezomib-containing therapy was significantly associated with increased risk of TLS (odds ratio = 8.51, P = 0.046).Conclusion: In the present study, we investigated the risk factors associated with TLS development in 210 multiple myeloma patients, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the largest number of patients reported to date. Furthermore, this study is the first to evaluate TLS risk factors in MM by adjusting for the effects of potential confounding factors in patients’ backgrounds. Consequently, we found that bortezomib-containing therapy increases the risk of TLS in male patients with multiple myeloma. TLS risk should be evaluated further in low-risk diseases such as multiple myeloma, since a significant number of novel therapies can achieve high antitumor responses.
Using the drug repositioning approach to develop a novel therapy, tipepidine hibenzate sustained-release tablet (TS-141), for children and adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Saito Takuya , Yamashita Yushiro , Tomoda Akemi , Okada Takashi , Umeuchi Hideo , Iwamori Saki , Shinoda Satoru , Mizuno-Yasuhira Akiko , Urano Hidetoshi , Nishino Izumi , Saito Kazuhiko 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Asverin® (tipepidine hibenzate) has been used as an antitussive for >50 years in Japan. Studies revealed that tipepidine modulates monoamine levels, by inhibiting G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels, expecting the potential therapeutic effects of tipepidine for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in recent years. In this study, TS-141, a sustained-release tablet of tipepidine, was developed for the treatment of ADHD through a drug repositioning approach. Methods The sustained-release profile of TS-141 in healthy adults was investigated, and tipepidine exposure in the plasma after the TS-141 administration was compared to that of Asverin in the phase I study. Phase II study was conducted to examine the effects of TS-141 30 (once a day), 60 (once a day), 120 mg (60 mg twice a day), or placebo, that is within the exposure in the maximum dosage of Asverin, in children and adolescents with ADHD, and was designed as an 8-week treatment, randomized, parallel group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial recruiting 6–17-year-old children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD. A total of 216 patients were randomized according to the CYP2D6 phenotype. The primary end-point was ADHD Rating Scale IV-J changes. Furthermore, effects of CYP2D6 phenotype on the efficacy in the subgroup analysis were investigated. Results TS-141 had the sustained-release profile, and the CYP2D6 phenotype had effects on the plasma exposure of tipepidine. ADHD RS-IV-J scores in all TS-141 dosages decreased from their baseline scores; however, no significant difference was observed in ADHD RS-IV-J score changes between the placebo and TS-141-administered groups. In patients with intermediate metabolizer CYP2D6, ADHD RS-IV-J score changes in the 120 mg group tended to be larger than that in the placebo group. Conclusions ADHD RS-IV-J changes on TS-141 may depend on the interaction between the TS-141 dose and CYP2D6 phenotype, suggesting that further clinical trials should be conducted with careful consideration of polymorphism. Drug repositioning approach of TS-141 was attempted at the same dose as that of antitussive; however, dose setting according to the indication was necessary. Trial Registration Phase I study: JapicCTI-205235 (Registered 25 March 2020), Phase II study: JapicCTI-163244 (Registered 9 May 2016), https://www.clinicaltrials.jp/cti-user/trial/Show.jsp
Distinct Effect of Body Mass Index by Sex as a Prognostic Factor in Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Nephrectomy ~ Data from a Multi-Institutional Study in Japan ~
Authors: Tsutsumi Takeshi , Komura Kazumasa , Hashimoto Takeshi , Muraoka Ryu , Satake Naoya , Matsunaga Tomohisa , Tsujino Takuya , Yoshikawa Yuki , Takai Tomoaki , Minami Koichiro , Taniguchi Kohei , Tanaka Tomohito , Uehara Hirofumi , Hirano Hajime , Nomi Hayahito , Ibuki Naokazu , Takahara Kiyoshi , Inamoto Teruo , Ohno Yoshio , Azuma Haruhito 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: We assessed the prognostic value of body mass index (BMI) in Asian patients with localized RCC who underwent nephrectomy.Methods: A total of 665 patients who underwent nephrectomy for localized RCC were enrolled in the present study and divided into the two BMI groups: i.e., BMI <25 in 463 (69.6%) and BMI >25 in 202 (30.4%) patients.Results: In total, there were 482 (72.5%) males and 183 (27.5%) females. Five-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were significantly higher in increased BMI compared to lower BMI group (97.1 and 92.5%: P = 0.007). When stratified by sex, significantly longer CSS in higher BMI was confirmed in male (5-year CSS of 92.7% in BMI <25 and 98.1% in BMI >25, p=0.005), while there was no difference in CSS between BMI groups for female patients. Multivariate analysis exhibited that higher BMI was an independent predictor for favorable CSS in male (cox model: p=0.041, Fine & Gray regression model: p=0.014), but not in the female. Subgroup analysis for CSS revealed that favorable CSS with higher BMI was observed in patient subgroups of age <65 (p=0.019), clear cell histology (p=0.018), and tumor size >4cm, p=0.020) as well as male (p=0.020).Conclusion: Our findings collected from the multi-institutional Japanese dataset demonstrated the longer survival in patients with higher BMI than lower BMI for non-metastatic RCC treated with nephrectomy. Intriguingly, this finding was restricted to males, but not to females.
Effectiveness of The Back School and The Pilates Method in Disability and Pain of Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain. Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.
Authors: Mesa Mario Manuel López , Fernandez Javier Julian Cabrerizo , Roman Antonio Lopez , Fernandez Eva Maria Rodriguez 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: The purpose was to compare the effectiveness of the Pilates Method versus the Back School in specialized care, assessing improving the disability with the Roland Morris questionnaire and the perceived pain with the visual analog scale (VAS) in people with non-specific chronic low back pain. Method: Single-blind randomized controlled trial to determine the effects of the Pilates Method for patients with low back pain compared to Back School exercises, two groups of 48 patients, 3-month treatment period. Results: The Pilates Group (GP) recorded significant improvements in all of the variables that were the subject for this research, compared to those provided by the Back School Group (GEE). In the Roland Morris questionnaire of 0,41 points [GP (Mean difference [MD] Pretreatment-posttreatment =2,08; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1,21 to 2,95; p=0,001) vs GEE ( MD=1,66; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0,90 to 2,43; p=0,001 )]. In the visual analog scale (VAS) of 0,40 points [ GP (Mean difference [MD] Pretreatment-posttreatment =1,82; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1,24 to 2,40; p=0,001 ) vs GEE (MD=1,42; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0,82 to 2,04; p=0,001)]. Conclusions: The treatment of nonspecific low back pain with therapeutic Pilates is more effective than the therapeutic treatment of the Back School, both in terms of functional disability and intensity of pain. Trial registration : This trial is registered in http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-5nk2tr/ , with the ID number of RBR-5nk2tr
Suicide Reduction in Schizophrenia via Exercise (SUnRISE): Study Protocol for A Multi-Site, Single-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Aerobic Exercise for Suicide Risk Reduction in Individuals With Schizophrenia
Authors: Beck-Felts Katie , Goodman Marianne , Ospina Luz , Wall Melanie , Evoy Joseph Mc , Jarskog Lars , Ballon Jacob , Bartels Matthew , Buchsbaum Richard , Sloan Richard P , Stroup Scott T. , Kimhy David 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Suicide risk among individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) is intractably high, with over 40% of individuals attempting to take their own lives during their lifetime and an estimated 5-10% completing suicide. At present, available pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments offer limited risk reduction benefits, thus there remain an urgent need to explore novel interventions that will ameliorate this risk. Aerobic exercise (AE) has been shown to improve a number of predictors of suicide risk (e.g., depressed mood, sleeping difficulties). As individuals with SZ display a highly sedentary lifestyle, AE may reduce suicide risk. Methods: Employing a multi-site, single-blind, randomized clinical trial design, we will examine the impact of AE on risk for suicide and related variables in individuals with SZ. Participants will be randomized to one of two 12-week exercise interventions: AE or a stretching and toning (ST) control intervention. Primary outcome measures will include suicide risk (Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, C-SSRS) and aerobic fitness (VO2max), along with additional measures of suicide risk, mood, emotion regulation, sleep, cognition, and physical activity, with assessments completed at baseline and after 6- and 12-weeks of interventions.Discussion: It is hypothesized that AE will reduce suicide risk among individuals with SZ. This study may offer support for a more efficacious treatment method for this population in addition to the pre-existing pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment regimens. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03270098. Registered September 1, 2017.
The study of neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanism of Naoshuantong capsule on ischemia stroke mice
Authors: Luo Lvkeng , Wu Shuling , Chen Ruiqi , Rao Hongyu , Peng Wei , Su Weiwei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Naoshuantong capsule (NSTC) is an oral Chinese medicine formula composed of Typhae Pollen, Radix Paeoniae Rubra Curcumae Radix Gastrodiae Rhizoma and Radix Rhapontici. It has been widely used at the acute and recovery stage of ischemic stroke since 2001. Comparing with its wide clinical application, there are only few studies emphasize on investigating its pharmacological effects. Methods:To more generally elucidate the underlying mechanisms in this study, we identified active ingredients in NSTC by a network pharmacology approach based on transcriptomics analysis and pharmacological experiments. Modified neurological severity scores and morphometric analysis using Nissl staining were employed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of NSTC on ischemia stroke in mice. Results: The results showed that NSTC had preventive and protective effects on ischemia stroke, featuring repair of brain tissue during the sub-acute stage of stroke. This may attribute to the underlying mechanisms including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic activities, as well as an attenuation of excitatory amino acids (EAAs) toxicity of the active ingredients, especially the most active apigenin, from NSTC. Specifically, naringenin, calycosin, gastrodin, caffeic acid, paeoniflorin, and β -elemene seem to be also pharmacological active substances responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects. Meanwhile, 13-hydroxygemone, gastrodin, and p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol contributed to the attenuation of EAAs toxicity Furthermore, apigenin, naringenin, calycosin, gastrodin, and β-elemene accelerated the repair of brain ischemic tissue by up-regulating the expression of TGF-β1 levels.Conclusions: The present study identifies the active ingredients of NSTC and illustrates the underlying mechanism using a combination of network pharmacology, transcriptomics analysis, and pharmacological experiments.