bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Context-based Problem-solving Tasks on Students’ Interest and Metacognitive Experiences
Authors: Pozas Marcela , Löffler Patrick , Schnotz Wolfgang , Kauertz Alexander 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPrior knowledge, motivational factors, and metacognition have been long considered basic elements for successful problem-solving process. However, the interplay of these variables with context-based task characteristics has rarely been explored in research. The present study aimed at investigating how context-based task characteristics influence these three elements, and further expands to explore potential differentiated effects across physics’ topics. A multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted with 232 participants from high-track schools in Germany to investigate the effects of task characteristics and task topic with regard to their motivational and metacognitive variables. Overall results indicated that students’ situational interest and estimate of solution correctness decrease through time as a result from their interaction with the tasks characteristics. Furthermore, between-subject factor analyses revealed important differences across the task topics of mechanics and thermodynamics. Finally, the covariate of prior knowledge was positively significant across all analyses. The findings demonstrate the importance of appropriate design of context-based tasks to positively influence students’ motivation and metacognitive processing. Implications of the results, as well as further lines of research are discussed.
Benefit Corporations Approach to Environmental, Social and Governance Disclosure: A Focus on Italy
Authors: Sciarelli Mauro , Cosimato Silvia , Landi Giovanni 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOver the last decades, Benefit Corporations arouse as a new corporate structure, alternative to traditional ones and pointing to offer a new approach to the management of business and sustainability issues. These companies' activities are statutory aimed at bridging for-profit and no-profit activities; thus, they intentionally and statutory pursue economic purposes together with social and environmental ones, to create a positive impact on economy, society and environment. Even though, Italian and other national laws set some specific disclosure duties for Benefit Corporations, especially in terms of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) issues, the literature still calls for further research on the topic. Therefore, this paper is aimed at contributing to bridge this gap, investigating the way Italian Benefit Corporations approach ESG disclosure. To this end, an exploratory analysis has been conducted, implementing a qualitative method, based on a multiple case study strategy. Even though the descriptive nature of the study, the achieved findings pointed out that the Benefit Corporation structure not necessarily implies a better approach to ESG.
Comparison of swarm intelligence algorithms for optimized band selection of hyperspectral remote sensing image
Authors: Xiaohui Ding , Huapeng Li , Yong Li , Ji Yang , Shuqing Zhang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSwarm intelligence algorithms have been widely used in the dimensional reduction of hyperspectral remote sensing imagery. The ant colony algorithm (ACA), the clone selection algorithm (CSA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and the genetic algorithm (GA) are the most representative swarm intelligence algorithms and have often been used as subset generation procedures in the selection of optimal band subsets. However, studies on their comparative performance for band selection have been rare. For this paper, we employed ACA, CSA, PSO, GA, and a typical greedy algorithm (namely, sequential floating forward selection (SFFS)) as subset generation procedures and used the average Jeffreys–Matusita distance (JM) as the objective function. In this way, the band selection algorithm based on ACA (BS-ACA), band selection algorithm based on CSA (BS-CSA), band selection algorithm based on PSO (BS-PSO), band selection algorithm based on GA (BS-GA), and band selection algorithm based on SFFS (BS-SFFS) were tested and evaluated using two public datasets (the Indian Pines and Pavia University datasets). To evaluate the algorithms’ performance, the overall classification accuracy of maximum likelihood classifier and the average runtimes were calculated for band subsets of different sizes and were compared. The results show that the band subset selected by BS-PSO provides higher overall classification accuracy than the others and that its runtime is approximately equal to BS-GA’s, higher than those of BS-ACA, BS-CSA, and BS-SFFS. However, the premature characteristic of BS-ACA makes it unacceptable, and its average JM is lower than those of other algorithms. Furthermore, BS-PSO converged in 500 generations, whereas the other three swarm-intelligence based algorithms either ran into local optima or took more than 500 generations to converge. BS-PSO was thus proved to be an excellent band selection method for a hyperspectral image.
Language change as a scientific construct of a probabilistically organized information system
Authors: Decker Eike U. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present paper discusses language change from an information and systems theoretical point of view, taking on a diachronic perspective. It is argued that human language has to be regarded as a probabilistically organized information system in which synchronizations of linguistic systems of individuals create unstable (dynamic, ever-changing) collective levels (“language systems”). Therefore, probabilistic organization of language processing on an individual level leads – via bottom-up structure – to probabilistic organization of language systems as a whole. If we thus regard linguistic objects like e.g. a Saussurean sign as generally unstable and defined by probability distributions even from a synchronic point of view, we must understand language change (diachronic developments) as probabilistic as well. Therefore, language change in its “classical sense” (a change in linguistic objects) has to be reinterpreted as a change in probability distribution. Nevertheless, the termlanguage changeand its meaning then still lack exactness regarding some details; so we have to use this term carefully and be aware of its weaknesses. With a close look at language as an information system with both a synchronic as well as a diachronic dimension, we finally have to admit that language change is a scientific construct serving as a – sometimes quite useful – simplification within the linguistic field.
Comparison of silicate impregnation methods to reinforce Chinese fir wood
Authors: Li Ping , Zhang Yuan , Zuo Yingfeng , Wu Yiqiang , Yuan Guangming , Lu Jianxiong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Inorganic impregnation strengthening of Chinese fir wood was carried out to improve the strength, dimensional stability, flame retardancy, and smoke suppression of Chinese fir wood. Sodium silicate was used as reinforcement, a sulfate and phosphate mixtures were used as a curing agent, and Chinese fir wood was reinforced by the respiratory impregnation method (RIM) that imitating human respiration and vacuum progressive impregnation method (VPIM). The weight percentage gain (WPG), density increase rate, distribution of modifier, bending strength (BS), compressive strength (CS), hardness, and water resistance of unreinforced Chinese fir wood from the VPIM and RIM were compared. It was found that RIM could effectively open the aspirated pits in Chinese fir wood, so its impregnation effect, strengthen effect and dimension stabilization effects were the best. RIM-reinforced Chinese fir wood was filled with silicate both horizontally and vertically. At the same time, the transverse permeability of silicate through aspirated pits was significantly improved. The chemical structure, crystalline structure, flame retardancy, smoke suppression, and thermal stability of VPIM- and RIM-reinforced Chinese fir wood were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), cone calorimeter (CONE), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated that although the crystallinity of RIM-reinforced Chinese fir wood decreased the most, more chemical crosslinking and hydrogen bonding were formed in the wood, and the strengthen effect was still the best. Compared with VPIM-reinforced Chinese fir wood, RIM-reinforced Chinese fir wood had lower heat release rate (HRR), peak-HRR, mean-HRR, total heat release (THR), smoke production rate (SPR), and total smoke production (TSP), higher thermal decomposition temperature and residual rate. It was indicated that RIM-reinforced Chinese fir wood was a better flame retardant, and has a smoke suppression effect, thermal stability, and safety performance in the case of fire.
Analysis of arc existence in electrical contact gap for 42 V automotive DC components
Authors: Robert Femi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the existence of arc in an electrical contact gap is investigated. A 14 and 42 V DC electrical circuit for an automotive vehicle is considered and the factors which causes arc are identified. A plate–plate, cylinder–cylinder and cone–cone electrical contact are considered for which the closed-state resistance and open-state capacitance are acquired for Al, Cu, Fe, Ni, Au and Pt materials. The voltage, current and power characteristics curves of the electrical contact are obtained for the equivalent automotive DC system. The temperature and electric field of the electrical contact is also reported. The breakdown voltage and electric field for the micro-gaps of 0.5–10 µm are presented and the boundary for arcless operation of the electrical contact is identified. Arc existence is analyzed for four circuit conditions with various voltage and current levels. Simulations are executed using COMSOL Multiphysics Finite Element software tool and the results were related with calculated values. The results show that power has more influence on the arc existence in electrical contact. Electrical contact does not produce an arc due to voltage and electric field. The plate–plate electrical contact with Pt material performs better in terms of arcless switching. These electrical contacts would have an influential role in the design of an arcless, less weight, low cost, reliable electrical contact for next-generation automotive DC power system.
Process for production of microencapsulated anthocyanin pigments from Rosa pimpinellifolia L. fruits: optimization of aqueous two-phase extraction, microencapsulation by spray and freeze-drying, and storage stability evaluation
Authors: Odabaş Halil İbrahim , Koca Ilkay 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Rosa pimpinellifolia L. fruits (RPF) are promising source of anthocyanin pigments. The objectives of this study were to optimization of the aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) process of anthocyanin from RPF and microencapsulation of anthocyanin-rich RPF extract. The optimal ATPE conditions were as follows: 0% HCl, 30% ethanol, 19% ammonium sulfate, and liquid to solid ratio 51.71, 97.71 min, and 30°C extraction temperature. Predicted anthocyanin yield at the optimum conditions was 1578.90 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside equivalent/100 g dry fruit. ATPE resulting in 1.80-fold increase in the purity of anthocyanins when compared to conventional solvent extraction (CSE). The composition of the anthocyanins were determined with HPLC-QTOF-MS. Freeze-drying and spray-drying methods were employed for the production of microencapsulated anthocyanin pigments. The half times of microencapsulated anthocyanins at 4, 25 and 37°C were determined as 12.16, 6.60 and 3.12 months for freeze-dried microcapsules, and 16.50, 9.24 and 4.29 months for spray-dried microcapsules, respectively.
The Influence of Formal Institution Agents on Coopetition in the Organic Food Industry
Authors: Hidalgo Gisele , Monticelli Jefferson Marlon , Pedroso Juliana , Verschoore Jorge Renato , de Matos Celso Augusto 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Recent academic research presents a large volume of studies on the organic market from the perspective of consumers’ motivation and purchasing preferences. However, these studies adopt a competitive or cooperative approach, but overlook the institutional complexity of emerging markets. This study aims to investigate the organic food production chain of emerging countries from the perspective of coopetition, taking into account the influence of formal institution agents. We focused our analysis on the chain of the organic food products, with the organic ice-cream producer as the key node of the chain. It is a single-case study conducted through in loco interviews with participants in the organic food products’ chain, along with secondary data. The results show the influence of formal institution agents and non-financial incentives as primary drivers of entrepreneurial strategic decisions. We contributed to the coopetition literature by demonstrating the influence of formal institution agents on value creation and value capture in the organic chain.
Perinatal outcomes in vanishing twin pregnancies following assisted reproductive technology (ART) – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Fan , Li Yaqian , Wang He , Liu Shanling , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To compare the fetal and maternal outcomes in surviving singletons of vanishing twin, with singletons or twins, in pregnancies following assisted reproductive technology (ART).

Content
We searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases from the time of conception of the database until Dec 2019 to identify relevant published studies. Perinatal outcomes were synthesized with random effects meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3.

Summary and Outlook
Fifteen studies were included. Dichorionic twin pregnancies conceived by ART wherein the vanishing twin phenomenon occurred had a risk of fetal malformation similar to that of ART singleton pregnancies (OR=1.25; 95% CI 0.87–1.79) and a higher risk of fetal malformation compared with ART twin pregnancies (OR=1.82; 95% CI 1.23–2.70). Moreover, the remaining fetus in ART vanishing twin pregnancy was at a significantly higher risk of preterm birth (<37 weeks) compared to fetuses in ART singleton pregnancies (OR=2.41; 95% CI 1.46–3.99) and a markedly lower risk of preterm birth (<37 weeks) compared to the fetuses in ART twin pregnancies (OR=0.19; 95% CI 0.16–0.22). Meanwhile, the risk of delivery of infants who were small for gestational age (SGA) was significantly higher in ART vanishing twin pregnancies compared to that in ART singleton pregnancies (OR=2.70; 95% CI 1.39–5.24) and similar to that in ART twin pregnancies (OR=0.67; 95% CI 0.27–1.65).
The risks of preterm birth and of the infant being SGA is higher for the remaining fetus in an ART vanishing twin pregnancy compared to those for the fetuses in ART singleton pregnancies; the risk of fetal malformation is also higher in such cases compared with ART twin pregnancies.
Prolonged interpregnancy interval: how does it impact the length of second stage of labor?
Authors: Kurata Nicole B. , Ogasawara Keith K. , Pedula Kathryn L. , Goh William A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Short interpregnancy intervals (IPI) have been linked to multiple adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, but less is known about prolonged IPI, including its relationship with labor progression. The objective of the study was to investigate whether prolonged IPIs are associated with longer second stages of labor.

Methods
A perinatal database from Kaiser Permanente Hawaii was used to identify 442 women with a prolonged IPI ≥60 months. Four hundred forty two nulliparous and 442 multiparous women with an IPI 18–59 months were selected as comparison groups. The primary outcome was second stage of labor duration. Perinatal outcomes were compared between these groups.

Results
The median (IQR) second stage of labor duration was 76 (38–141) min in nulliparous women, 15 (9–28) min in multiparous women, and 18 (10–38) min in women with a prolonged IPI (p<0.0001). Pairwise comparisons revealed significantly different second stage duration in the nulliparous group compared to both the multiparous and prolonged IPI groups, but no difference between the multiparous and prolonged IPI groups. There was a significant association with the length of the IPI; median duration 30 (12–61) min for IPI ≥120 months vs. 15 (9–27) min for IPI 18–59 months and 16 (9–31) min for IPI 60–119 months (p=0.0014).

Conclusions
The second stage of labor did not differ in women with a prolonged IPI compared to normal multiparous women. Women with an IPI ≥120 months had a significantly longer second stage vs. those with a shorter IPI. These findings provide a better understanding of labor progression in pregnancies with a prolonged IPI.
Academic clinical learning environment in obstetrics and gynecology during the COVID-19 pandemic: responses and lessons learned
Authors: Olson Holly L. , Towner Dena , Hiraoka Mark , Savala Michael , Zalud Ivica 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic is changing profoundly the obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) academic clinical learning environment in many different ways. Rapid developments affecting our learners, patients, faculty and staff require unprecedented collaboration and quick, deeply consequential readjustments, almost on a daily basis. We summarized here our experiences, opportunities, challenges and lessons learned and outline how to move forward. The COVID-19 pandemic taught us there is a clear need for collaboration in implementing the most current evidence-based medicine, rapidly assess and improve the everchanging healthcare environment by problem solving and “how to” instead of “should we” approach. In addition, as a community with very limited resources we have to rely heavily on internal expertise, ingenuity and innovation. The key points to succeed are efficient and timely communication, transparency in decision making and reengagement. As time continues to pass, it is certain that more lessons will emerge.
Linguistic diversity and the court system in Dualist Hungary
Authors: Berecz Ágoston 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Dualist Hungary (1867–1918) was the linguistically most diverse would-be nation-state in the long nineteenth century, with less than half of its citizens speaking Hungarian as their home language and more than two-fifths being ignorant of it. The Nationalities Act of 1868 accommodated the language of court proceedings to that of the parties, but these provisions remained in effect for no more than a couple of years before a complete overhaul of the court system. Minority nationalist activists were vocal in their attacks against the sidelining of their languages, and the issue came to a head in much the same terms when policy-makers debated the introduction of the jury. In the 1890s, with jury trials introduced and oral proceedings expanded in civil litigation, the government could not postpone the appointment of court interpreters any longer. Interpreting fees were set too high for the average non-Magyar citizen, which, together with a few other predicaments, was likely to bring home to them their second-class status. At the same time, top officials were anxious about the concessions that lower courts, which were for the most part left to muddle through without translators, had to make to non-dominant languages.
Providing multilingual logistics communication in COVID-19 disaster relief
Authors: Zhang Jie , Wu Yuqin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Translation is an important means of enabling access to information in an emergency response. Increasingly, volunteer translators have been using social media platforms to self-organize and carry out urgent translation tasks that effectively complement official disaster relief efforts. However, the role of crowdsourced translations and the capacity of volunteer translators in reducing the impact of disasters remain underestimated and therefore understudied. Based on semi-structured interviews with five volunteer translators and online observation of their translation practices, this study investigates the role of a volunteer-driven crowdsourced translation effort in facilitating the donation and procurement of medical supplies between Wuhan and the world. By addressing the real challenges of urgent crisis communication in Wuhan in the early stages of the pandemic, this study draws attention to the need to integrate information and communication technologies with multilingual resources for disaster relief. In addition, it calls for the inclusion of multilingual logistics in national emergency preparation, response and recovery plans.
The crystal structure of tetrakis(1-methylimidazole-κ1
N)-oxido-(sulfato-κ1
O)vanadium(IV), C16H24N8O5SV
Authors: Zhang Gang , Luan Jian , Wang Xiao-Jie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
C16H24N8O5SV, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.6165(6) Å, b = 16.6705(10) Å, c = 15.2726(7) Å, β = 121.630(3)°, V = 2084.7(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0417, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1443, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of (E)-N′-(2-hydroxy-4-(2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy)benzylidene) nicotinohydrazide monohydrate, C20H24N4O3 ⋅ H2O
Authors: Chen Xiao-Li , Sun Le-Tao , Zhang Qi-Long , Xu Hong , Yang Xian-Jiong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
C20H26N4O4, monoclinic, P21/a (no. 14), a = 12.107(3) Å, b = 7.8431(19) Å, c = 21.794(5) Å, β = 98.233(5)°, V = 2048.1(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0458, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1208, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of phenyl(1,3,4a-triphenyl-4a,5,6,10b-tetrahydro-1H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3-c]quinolin-5-yl)methanone, C36H28N2O2
Authors: Li Xue , Chen Chao , Zhang Mei-Hang , Wang Jin-Min , Feng Fu-Min 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
C36H28N2O2, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.6248(18) Å, b = 10.848(2) Å, c = 14.099(3) Å, α = 95.822(2)°, β = 105.907(2)°, γ = 102.404(2)°, V = 1362.4(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0497, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1205, T = 296 K.
Stable walking of biped robot based on center of mass trajectory control
Authors: Jing Chenglin , Zheng Jiajia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The effect of center of mass (CoM) trajectory on stable walking of biped robot was studied in this study. The method of predictive control by controlling CoM trajectory to generate stable walking patterns was discussed, which simulated the principle of adjusting center of gravity in advance during human walking to adapt to the change of road conditions. As for uncertainty of robot modeling and the influence of environment, adding variable zero moment point for variable predictive control system can achieve self-adaptive adjustment of CoM trajectory to generate stable walking patterns. The simulation experiment results indicated that walking stability of biped robot was sensitive to the change of CoM trajectory. As long as CoM trajectory was adjusted well, stable walking of biped robot can be controlled even in the presence of disturbances. It is proved that the method of predictive control by controlling CoM motion to generate stable walking pattern is consistent with reality.