bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of ozonized oil and a combination of tobramycin/dexamethasone eye drops in the treatment of viral conjunctivitis: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Cagini C. , Mariniello M. , Messina M. , Muzi A. , Balducci C. , Moretti A. , Levorato L. , Mencacci A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To determine whether topical tobramycin 0.3%/dexamethasone 0.1% plus ozonized oil eye drops reduces clinical signs and infectious viral titers of presumed viral conjunctivitis more than tobramycin/dexamethasone eye drops alone.

Methods
Prospective, single-blind, randomized, parallel-groups trial. Eighty patients with a clinical diagnosis of presumed viral conjunctivitis were randomizedly divided into two treatment groups: a study group and a control group, 40 for each group. Patients in the study group received topical tobramycin 0.3%/dexamethasone 0.1% eye drops, plus ozonized oil eye drops, both four times daily; patients in the control group received only topical tobramycin 0.3%/dexamethasone eye drops four times daily. The treatment was for seven days in both groups. Swabs were taken from the conjunctival fornix for adenovirus PCR analysis on the day of recruitment and at seven days follow-up. Clinical signs were also recorded on the day of recruitment and at follow-up examination: the main outcomes were conjunctival injection and conjunctival chemosis, graded on a 4-point clinical scale, presence or absence of superficial punctate keratitis and subepithelial corneal infiltrates.

Results
No statistically significant difference was reached in adenoviral infection negativization between the two groups, although the study group showed a higher number of PCR negative results at seven days follow-up. PCR real time detected adenoviral infection in 17 of 24 patients on the day of recruitment and it was positive in 4 patients on the seventh day (viral positivity reduction of 76%). In the control group PCR was positive for adenovirus in 18 of 24 patients on the day of recruitment and in 7 patients at seven days follow-up (reduction of 61%). There was statistically significant difference on conjunctival clinical signs between the study and control groups. Significant difference was also found on superficial punctate keratitis resolution between the study and the control group. In the former superficial punctate keratitis was detected in 14 eyes on the first day and in 5 eyes after seven days while in the latter superficial punctate keratitis was found in 124 eyes on the first day and in 6 eyes on the seventh day. No difference was found in subepithelial corneal infiltrates appearance between the two groups.

Conclusions
The use of ozonized-oil containing eye drops in combination with topical tobramycin 0.3%/dexamethasone 0.1% eye drops four times daily seems to reduce the signs of conjunctivitis, and the duration of viral infection, although it does not affect the subepithelial corneal infiltrates appearance.
Susy for Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians, with a View to Coherent States
Authors: Bagarello F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe propose an extended version of supersymmetric quantum mechanics which can be useful if the Hamiltonian of the physical system under investigation is not Hermitian. The method is based on the use of two, in general different, superpotentials. Bi-coherent states of the Gazeau-Klauder type are constructed and their properties are analyzed. Some examples are also discussed, including an application to the Black-Scholes equation, one of the most important equations in Finance.
Emerging Topics in Brexit Debate on Twitter Around the Deadlines
Authors: del Gobbo Emiliano , Fontanella Sara , Sarra Annalina , Fontanella Lara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe present study is focused on the online debate relating to the Brexit process, three years and half since the historical referendum that has sanctioned the divide of the United Kingdom from the European Union. In our analysis we consider a corpus of approximately 33 million Brexit related tweets, shared on Twitter for 58 weeks, spanning from 31 December 2019 to 9 February 2020. Due to its great accessibility to data, Twitter constitutes a convenient data source to monitor and evaluate a wide variety of topics. In addition, Twitter’s marked orientation towards news and the dissemination of information makes this microblogging network more connected to politics compared to other platforms. Through static and dynamic topic modelling techniques, we were able to identify the topics that have attracted the most attention from Twitters users and to characterise their temporal evolution. The topics retrieved by the static model highlight the major events of the Brexit process while the dynamic analysis recovered the persistent themes of discussion and debate over the entire period.
Metabolism of synthetic cathinones through the zebrafish water tank model: a promising tool for forensic toxicology laboratories
Authors: Prado Estefany , Matos Rebecca Rodrigues , de Lima Gomes Geovana Maria , de Sá Clarisse Baptista Lima , da Costa Nunes Isabelle Karine , de Souza Anselmo Carina , de Oliveira Adriana Sousa , do Amaral Cohen Luciana Silva , de Siqueira Denilson Soares , de Oliveira Marco Antônio Martins , Ambrosio João Carlos Laboissiere , Costa Gabriela Vanini , de Aquino Neto Francisco Radler , Padilha Monica Costa , Pereira Henrique Marcelo Gualberto 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to identify in vivo phase I metabolites of five psychoactive substances: N-ethylpentylone, ethylone, methylone, α-PVP and 4-CDC, using the in house developed experimental set-up zebrafish (Danio rerio) water tank (ZWT). High-resolution mass spectrometry allowed for metabolite identification. A pilot study of reference standard collection of N-ethylpentylone from the water tank was conducted.

Methods
ZWT consisted in 8 fish placed in a 200 mL recipient-containing water for a single cathinone. Experiments were performed in triplicate. Water tank samples were collected after 8 h and pretreated through solid-phase extraction. Separation and accurate-mass spectra of metabolites were obtained using liquid chromatography–high resolution tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
Phase I metabolites of α-PVP were identified, which were formed involving ketone reduction, hydroxylation, and 2″-oxo-pyrrolidine formation. The lactam derivative was the major metabolite observed for α-PVP in ZWT. N-Ethylpentylone and ethylone were transformed into phase I metabolites involving reduction, hydroxylation, and dealkylation. 4-CDC was transformed into phase I metabolites, reported for the first time, involving N-dealkylation, N,N-bis-dealkylation and reduction of the ketone group, the last one being the most intense after 8 h of the experiment.

Conclusions
ZWT model indicated to be very useful to study the metabolism of the synthetic cathinones, such as N-ethylpentylone, ethylone, α-PVP and 4-CDC. Methylone seems to be a potent CYP450 inhibitor in zebrafish. More experiments are needed to better evaluate this issue. Finally, this approach was quite simple, straightforward, extremely low cost, and fast for “human-like” metabolic studies of synthetic cathinones.
Ethical and Social Aspects of Neurorobotics
Authors: Aicardi Christine , Akintoye Simisola , Fothergill B. Tyr , Guerrero Manuel , Klinker Gudrun , Knight William , Klüver Lars , Morel Yannick , Morin Fabrice O. , Stahl Bernd Carsten , Ulnicane Inga 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe interdisciplinary field of neurorobotics looks to neuroscience to overcome the limitations of modern robotics technology, to robotics to advance our understanding of the neural system’s inner workings, and to information technology to develop tools that support those complementary endeavours. The development of these technologies is still at an early stage, which makes them an ideal candidate for proactive and anticipatory ethical reflection. This article explains the current state of neurorobotics development within the Human Brain Project, originating from a close collaboration between the scientific and technical experts who drive neurorobotics innovation, and the humanities and social sciences scholars who provide contextualising and reflective capabilities. This article discusses some of the ethical issues which can reasonably be expected. On this basis, the article explores possible gaps identified within this collaborative, ethical reflection that calls for attention to ensure that the development of neurorobotics is ethically sound and socially acceptable and desirable.
Boundary value problems for Caputo fractional differential equations with nonlocal and fractional integral boundary conditions
Authors: Derbazi Choukri , Hammouche Hadda 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the existence and uniqueness of solutions for fractional differential equations with nonlocal and fractional integral boundary conditions. New existence and uniqueness results are established using the Banach contraction principle. Other existence results are obtained using O’Regan fixed point theorem and Burton and Kirk fixed point. In addition, an example is given to demonstrate the application of our main results.
Stress-induced trend: the clustering feature of coal mine disasters and earthquakes in China
Authors: Chen Bo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNearly half of coal mine disasters in China have been found to occur in clusters or to be accompanied by earthquakes nearby, in which all the disaster types are involved. Stress disturbances seem to exist among mining areas and to be responsible for the observed clustering. The earthquakes accompanied by coal mine disasters may be the vital geophysical evidence for tectonic stress disturbances around mining areas. This paper analyzes all the possible causative factors to demonstrate the authenticity and reliability of the observed phenomena. A quantitative study was performed on the degree of clustering, and space–time distribution curves are obtained. Under the threshold of 100 km, 47% of disasters are involved in cluster series and 372 coal mine disasters accompanied by earthquakes. The majority cluster series lasting for 1–2 days correspond well earthquakes nearby, which are speculated to be related to local stress disturbance. While the minority lasting longer than 4 days correspond well with fatal earthquakes, which are speculated to be related to regional stress disturbance. The cluster series possess multiple properties, such as the area, the distance, the related disasters, etc., and compared with the energy and the magnitude of earthquakes, good correspondences are acquired. It indicates that the cluster series of coal mine disasters and earthquakes are linked with fatal earthquakes and may serve as footprints of regional stress disturbance. Speculations relating to the geological model are made, and five disaster-causing models are examined. To earthquake research and disaster prevention, widely scientific significance is suggested.
Arrayed Cobalt Phosphide Electrocatalyst Achieves Low Energy Consumption and Persistent H2 Liberation from Anodic Chemical Conversion
Authors: Zhang Kai , Zhang Gong , Ji Qinghua , Qu Jiuhui , Liu Huijuan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of water to hydrogen (H2) offers a promising strategy for production of clean energy, but the design and optimization of electrochemical apparatus present challenges in terms of H2 recovery and energy consumption. Using cobalt phosphide nanoarrays (Co2P/CoP NAs) as a charge mediator, we effectively separated the H2 and O2 evolution of alkaline water electrolysis in time, thereby achieving a membrane-free pathway for H2 purification. The hierarchical array structure and synergistic optimization of the electronic configuration of metallic Co2P and metalloid CoP make the Co2P/CoP NAs high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalysts for both charge storage and hydrogen evolution. Theoretical investigations revealed that the introduction of Co2P into CoP leads to a moderate hydrogen adsorption free energy and low water dissociation barrier, which are beneficial for boosting HER activity. Meanwhile, Co2P/CoP NAs with high capacitance could maintain a cathodic H2 evolution time of 1500 s at 10 mA cm−2 driven by a low average voltage of 1.38 V. Alternatively, the energy stored in the mediator could be exhausted via coupling with the anodic oxidation of ammonia, whereby only 0.21 V was required to hold the current for 1188 s. This membrane-free architecture demonstrates the potential for developing hydrogen purification technology at low cost.
Restoration at the landscape scale as a means of mitigation and adaptation to climate change
Authors: von Holle Betsy , Yelenik Stephanie , Gornish Elise S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurpose of ReviewAlthough landscape-scale restoration efforts are gaining traction worldwide, their success is generally unknown. We review landscape-scale restorations to gain insight to whether focal ecological outcomes have been achieved, in the face of changing environmental conditions.Recent FindingsOnly 9% of the 477 articles that resulted from our search were studies of landscape-scale restorations. The majority (73%) of the landscape restorations from our study have occurred since the 1990s, indicating that this type of restoration has gained in popularity in the last 30 years. Furthermore, 67% of these restoration studies occurred in a single country: China. Many scientific studies have addressed the ability of a species to shift ranges with climate change, yet few of the landscape-scale restoration studies used for our study addressed this question. Instead, 87% of the studies focused on ecosystem function, rather than community-level processes, as a result of restoration.SummaryThere is a clear need for more research to be undertaken on the ecological outcomes of landscape-scale restorations to understand whether they enable species and communities to shift their ranges or adapt to climate change. Conservation practitioners could utilize our decision matrix as a tool to guide restoration of individual sites within a landscape context, as well as current and future climatic conditions, to guide ecological outcomes of interest. Optimal biodiversity maintenance requires habitat conservation in concert with restoration activities at the landscape scale, and the latter, likely increasingly so in a world of changing climate.
GraphSIF: analyzing flow of payments in a Business-to-Business network to detect supplier impersonation
Authors: Canillas Rémi , Hasan Omar , Sarrat Laurent , Brunie Lionel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSupplier Impersonation Fraud (SIF) is a rising issue for Business-to-Business companies. The use of remote and quick digital transactions has made the task of identifying fraudsters more difficult. In this paper, we propose a data-driven fraud detection system whose goal is to provide an accurate estimation of financial transaction legitimacy by using the knowledge contained in the network of transactions created by the interaction of a company with its suppliers. We consider the real dataset collected by SIS-ID for this work.We propose to use a graph-based approach to design an Anomaly Detection System (ADS) based on a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) allowing us to label a suspicious transaction as either legitimate or fraudulent based on its similarity with frequently occurring transactions for a given company. Experiments demonstrate that our approach shows high consistency with expert knowledge on a real-life dataset, while performing faster than the expert system.
Assessment of trace elements natural enrichment in topsoil by some Italian case studies
Authors: Sappa Giuseppe , Barbieri Maurizio , Andrei Francesca 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTrace elements (for example As, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Z, Cd and Pb) released by human activity are ubiquitously detected in topsoil. They can be conveyed from the topsoil to the ecosystem, thus affecting human health. Also, trace elements are not sensitive to any process of decomposition in soils and the bioavailability is complicated due to the reactive nature of soil constituent. The goal of this assessment is to present a methodology able to evaluate the topsoil trace elements natural enrichment and distinguish between geogenic phenomena and anthropogenic contributions. This paper presents some Italian case studies in Lombardy and Lazio. The potential pollution risks of trace elements in topsoil were evaluated by geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor. The results show an absence of anthropogenic contamination, highlighting the need to consider the local characteristics (landfills, municipal solid waste plants, industrial areas, quarries, etc.). Moreover, a statistical method (cumulative frequency and normalization method) was presented to determine the geochemical baseline values. In the case of Borgo Montello (Lazio), manganese is used as a relative element due to its high presence in soils. The proposed geochemical baseline values of V, Cr, Co and Ni thorough normalization method were, respectively, 123.07, 82.10, 9.41 and 29.70 mg kg−1, instead by cumulative frequency the results were 78.24, 84.10, 6.67 and 23.70 mg kg−1. This methodology shows a potential validity to define the geochemical baseline values, but it is necessary many data (n ≥ 40) and distributed homogeneously over the study area.
Cepharanthine: a review of the antiviral potential of a Japanese-approved alopecia drug in COVID-19
Authors: Rogosnitzky Moshe , Okediji Paul , Koman Igor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCepharanthine (CEP) is a naturally occurring alkaloid derived from Stephania cepharantha Hayata and demonstrated to have unique anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, immunomodulating, antiparasitic, and antiviral properties. Its therapeutic potential as an antiviral agent has never been more important than in combating COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Cepharanthine suppresses nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide (NO) production, cytokine production, and expression of cyclooxygenase; all of which are crucial to viral replication and inflammatory response. Against SARS-CoV-2 and homologous viruses, CEP predominantly inhibits viral entry and replication at low doses; and was recently identified as the most potent coronavirus inhibitor among 2406 clinically approved drug repurposing candidates in a preclinical model. This review critically analyzes and consolidates available evidence establishing CEP’s potential therapeutic importance as a drug of choice in managing COVID-19 cases.
Why Do Practitioners Want to Connect with Researchers? Evidence from a Field Experiment
Authors: Levine Adam Seth 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTResearchers often want to increase the broader societal impact of their work. One way to do that is to discuss research findings directly with practitioners. Yet, such interactions are voluntary and do not regularly arise, which raises a key demand question: Under what conditions do practitioners want to connect with researchers? This article shows that relational considerations affect these decisions—that is, what practitioners expect the interaction will be like. I partnered with a US-based civic association to conduct a field experiment. I find that group leaders in this association are more likely to speak with researchers after learning that the researchers will (1) efficiently share information during the interaction, and (2) value practitioners’ knowledge. The results provide actionable guidance for how researchers should approach practitioners and also demonstrate one powerful way that social science evidence can inform efforts to bridge research and practice.
Food insecurity and mental health outcomes among homeless adults: a scoping review
Authors: Loftus Elizabeth I , Lachaud James , Hwang Stephen W , Mejia-Lancheros Cilia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjective:This review summarises and synthesises the existing literature on the relationship between food insecurity (FS) and mental health conditions among adult individuals experiencing homelessness.Design:Scoping review. Papers published between 1 January 2008 and 2 November 2018, searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and CINAHL, using homelessness, food security and mental health keywords.Setting:Global evidence.Participants:Homeless adults aged 18 years or more.Results:Nine articles (eight cross-sectional and one longitudinal) were included in the present review. FS was measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, the United States Department of Agriculture Household Food Security Survey Module, as well as single-item or constructed measures. Depression and depressive symptoms were the most common mental health conditions studied. Other mental health conditions assessed included alcohol and substance use, emotional disorders, mental health problems symptoms severity and psychiatric hospitalisations. Composite measures such as axis I and II categories and a cluster of severe mental conditions and mental health-related functioning status were also analysed. FS and mental health-related problems were considered as both exposure and outcome variables. The existing evidence suggests a potential association between FS and several mental health conditions, particularly depression, mental health symptoms severity and poor mental health status scores.Conclusions:This review suggests the potential association between some mental health conditions and FS among homeless adults. However, there is a need for more longitudinal- and interventional-based studies, in order to understand the nature and directionality of the links between FS and mental health in this population group.
Evaluation of the morphological diversity of tea roses (Rosa x odorata) based on phenotypic traits
Authors: Cheng Bixuan , Yu Chao , Fu Heling , Zhou Lijun , Luo Le , Pan Huitang , Zhang Qixiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRosa x odorata (sect. Chinenses, Rosaceae) is an important species distributed only in Yunnan Province, China. There is an abundance of wild variation within the species. Using 22 germplasm resources collected from the wild, as well as R. chinensis var. spontanea, R. chinensis ‘Old Blush’ and R. lucidissima, this study involved morphological variation analysis, inter-trait correlation analysis, principal component analysis and clustering analysis based on 16 morphological traits. This study identified a high degree of morphological diversity in R. x odorata germplasm resources and the variation coefficients had a distribution range from 18.00 to 184.04%. The flower colour had the highest degree of variation, while leaflet length/width had the lowest degree of variation. Inter-trait correlation analysis revealed that there was an extremely significant positive correlation between leaflet length and leaflet width. There was also a significant positive correlation between the number of petals and duration of blooming, and the L* and a* values of flower colour were significantly negatively correlated. Principal component analysis screened five principal components with the highest cumulative contribution rate (81.679%) to population variance. Among the 16 morphological traits, style length, sepal width, flower diameter, flower colour, leaflet length and leaflet width were important indices that influenced the morphology of R. x odorata. This study offers guidance for the further development and utilization of R. x odorata germplasm resources.