bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐situ Construction of Graphite‐Supported Magnetic Carbocatalysts from a Metallo‐Supramolecular Polymer: High Performance for Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation
Authors: Ai Yongjian , Liu Lei , Hu Ze‐Nan , Li Jifan , Ren Shucheng , Wu Jiajing , Long Yang , Sun Hong‐bin , Liang Qionglin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDeveloping efficient, sustainable, and stable nanocatalysts continue being the struggling goal both for academia and for industrial. Carbocatalysts have attracted great attention due to high mass transfer ability, environmental sustainability and stability. Fabricating well‐defined carbonaceous nanocatalysts for heterogeneous catalysis is intensively pursuing. In this work, a newly developed economic and facile method was applied for the large‐scale fabrication of graphite sheet encapsulated magnetic carbocatalysts. The carbocatalysts was constructed via in‐situ pyrolysis of melamine‐metallo‐supramolecular polymer precursors (MMSP) under vacuum condition. The framework of MMSP was synthesized through the condensation reaction. As a proof‐of‐concept, this method was successfully applied for the fabrication of three kinds of graphite encapsulated magnetic carbocatalysts. Based on systematically optimization, the Pt−NiO‐1000@NC‐650 nanocatalyst demonstrated highly efficient and remarkable stability for the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of 4‐nitrophenol to produce corresponding 4‐aminophenol. The kinetics study of this catalytic system illustrates the reaction order is 1st for Pt−NiO‐1000@NC‐650. Furthermore, the kinetic constant (Kapp) is 1.57 min−1 and the turnover frequency (TOF) is up to 4, 268 h−1.
Coffee Melanoidin‐Based Multipurpose Film Formation: Application to Single‐Cell Nanoencapsulation
Authors: Kim Ji Yup , Kim Seulbi , Han Sol , Han Sang Yeong , Passos Cláudia P. , Seo Jeongyeon , Lee Hojae , Kang Eunhye K. , Mano João F. , Coimbra Manuel A. , Park Ji Hun , Choi Insung S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe melanoidin from soluble coffee is utilized as a material‐independent, multipurpose coating material. Instantaneous complexation of the coffee melanoidin (CM) with ferric ion (Fe3+) leads to surface‐adhesive aggregates, inducing sequential film deposition. Various chemical groups of the CM also allow for post‐functionalizations of the CM film, including surface‐initiated, ring‐opening polymerization and bioinspired silicification. In addition, the CM‐based coating is applied to single‐cell nanoencapsulation with a strategy of biphasic interfacial reactions. The method is highly cytocompatible (viability >98%), and the CM shell is cytoprotective against lytic enzymes. The coated cells inherit the characterictics of the CM, such as post‐functionalizability and antioxidant property. Considering that surface‐coating technologies with cytocompatible natural polymers have widely been used for engineering bioentities, the CM‐based coating strategy would provide an advanced option for biomedical applications.
Molecular testing on serous effusions
Authors: Davidson Ben 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSerous effusions constitute a significant part of the material processed and diagnosed by cytopathology laboratories. Effusions may occur in a variety of clinical settings and the differential diagnosis between these conditions often requires ancillary tests. Immunohistochemistry is still the most frequently used method in this context. However, a wide array of other methods measuring the expression of DNA, mRNA, noncoding RNA, proteins, and other compounds may be applied to the diagnosis of serous effusions, particularly in the setting of cancer, as well as to studies focusing on tumor biology and understanding of tumor progression. In addition, as serous effusions provide ideal material for molecular testing, they have in recent years assumed central role as specimens informative of prediction in the context of targeted therapy, as well as prognostication. This review discusses recent studies in this field.
Cruciate ligament, patellar tendon, and patella formation involves differential cellular sources and dynamics as joint cavitation proceeds
Authors: Zhang Yi , Kameneva Polina , Annusver Karl , Kasper Maria , Chagin Andrei S. , Adameyko Igor , Xie Meng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCruciate ligament (CL) and patellar tendon (PT) are important elements of the knee joint, uniting femur, patella, and tibia into a single functional unit. So far, knowledge on the developmental mechanism of CL, PT, and patella falls far behind other skeletal tissues.ResultsHere, employing various lineage tracing strategies we investigate the cellular sources and dynamics that drive CL, PT, and patella formation during mouse embryonic development. We show that Gdf5 and Gli1 are generally expressed in the same cell population that only contributes to CL, but not PT or patella development. In addition, Col2 is expressed in two independent cell populations before and after joint cavitation, where the former contributes to the CL and the dorsal part of the PT and the latter contributes to the patella. Moreover, Prrx1 is always expressed in CL and PT progenitors, but not patella progenitors where it is switched off after joint cavitation. Finally, we reveal that patella development employs different cellular dynamics before and after joint cavitation.ConclusionsOur findings delineate the expression changes of several skeletogenesis‐related genes before and after joint cavitation, and provide an indication on the cellular dynamics underlying ligament, tendon, and sesamoid bone formation during embryogenesis.
Paternity tests support a diallelic self‐incompatibility system in a wild olive (Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei, Oleaceae)
Authors: Besnard Guillaume , Cheptou Pierre‐Olivier , Debbaoui Malik , Lafont Pierre , Hugueny Bernard , Dupin Julia , Baali‐Cherif Djamel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSelf‐incompatibility (SI) is the main mechanism that favors outcrossing in plants. By limiting compatible matings, SI interferes in fruit production and breeding of new cultivars. In the Oleeae tribe (Oleaceae), an unusual diallelic SI system (DSI) has been proposed for three distantly related species including the olive (Olea europaea), but empirical evidence has remained controversial for this latter. The olive domestication is a complex process with multiple origins. As a consequence, the mixing of S‐alleles from two distinct taxa, the possible artificial selection of self‐compatible mutants and the large phenological variation of blooming may constitute obstacles for deciphering SI in olive. Here, we investigate cross‐genotype compatibilities in the Saharan wild olive (O. e. subsp. laperrinei). As this taxon was geographically isolated for thousands of years, SI should not be affected by human selection. A population of 37 mature individuals maintained in a collection was investigated. Several embryos per mother were genotyped with microsatellites in order to identify compatible fathers that contributed to fertilization. While the pollination was limited by distance inside the collection, our results strongly support the DSI hypothesis, and all individuals were assigned to two incompatibility groups (G1 and G2). No self‐fertilization was observed in our conditions. In contrast, crosses between full or half siblings were frequent (ca. 45%), which is likely due to a nonrandom assortment of related trees in the collection. Finally, implications of our results for orchard management and the conservation of olive genetic resources are discussed.
Genetic diversity of the rain tree (Albizia saman) in Colombian seasonally dry tropical forest for informing conservation and restoration interventions
Authors: Aguirre‐Morales Carolina Adriana , Thomas Evert , Cardozo Carlos Ivan , Gutiérrez Janeth , Alcázar Caicedo Carolina , Moscoso Higuita Luis Gonzalo , Becerra López‐Lavalle Luis Augusto , González Mailyn Adriana 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlbizia saman is a multipurpose tree species of seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTFs) of Mesoamerica and northern South America typically cultivated in silvopastoral and other agroforestry systems around the world, a trend that is bound to increase in light of multimillion hectare commitments for forest and landscape restoration. The effective conservation and sustainable use of A. saman requires detailed knowledge of its genetic diversity across its native distribution range of which surprisingly little is known to date. We assessed the genetic diversity and structure of A.saman across twelve representative locations of SDTF in Colombia, and how they may have been shaped by past climatic changes and human influence. We found four different genetic groups which may be the result of differentiation due to isolation of populations in preglacial times. The current distribution and mixture of genetic groups across STDF fragments we observed might be the result of range expansion of SDTFs during the last glacial period followed by range contraction during the Holocene and human‐influenced movement of germplasm associated with cattle ranching. Despite the fragmented state of the presumed natural A. saman stands we sampled, we did not find any signs of inbreeding, suggesting that gene flow is not jeopardized in humanized landscapes. However, further research is needed to assess potential deleterious effects of fragmentation on progeny. Climate change is not expected to seriously threaten the in situ persistence of A. saman populations and might present opportunities for future range expansion. However, the sourcing of germplasm for tree planting activities needs to be aligned with the genetic affinity of reference populations across the distribution of Colombian SDTFs. We identify priority source populations for in situ conservation based on their high genetic diversity, lack or limited signs of admixture, and/or genetic uniqueness.
Methane emission and sulfide levels increase in tropical seagrass sediments during temperature stress: A mesocosm experiment
Authors: George Rushingisha , Gullström Martin , Mtolera Matern S. P. , Lyimo Thomas J. , Björk Mats 
Published: February 2020

AbstractClimate change‐induced ocean warming is expected to greatly affect carbon dynamics and sequestration in vegetated shallow waters, especially in the upper subtidal where water temperatures may fluctuate considerably and can reach high levels at low tides. This might alter the greenhouse gas balance and significantly reduce the carbon sink potential of tropical seagrass meadows. In order to assess such consequences, we simulated temperature stress during low tide exposures by subjecting seagrass plants (Thalassia hemprichii) and associated sediments to elevated midday temperature spikes (31, 35, 37, 40, and 45°C) for seven consecutive days in an outdoor mesocosm setup. During the experiment, methane release from the sediment surface was estimated using gas chromatography. Sulfide concentration in the sediment pore water was determined spectrophotometrically, and the plant's photosynthetic capacity as electron transport rate (ETR), and maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) was assessed using pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry. The highest temperature treatments (40 and 45°C) had a clear positive effect on methane emission and the level of sulfide in the sediment and, at the same time, clear negative effects on the photosynthetic performance of seagrass plants. The effects observed by temperature stress were immediate (within hours) and seen in all response variables, including ETR, Fv/Fm, methane emission, and sulfide levels. In addition, both the methane emission and the size of the sulfide pool were already negatively correlated with changes in the photosynthetic rate (ETR) during the first day, and with time, the correlations became stronger. These findings show that increased temperature will reduce primary productivity and increase methane and sulfide levels. Future increases in the frequency and severity of extreme temperature events could hence reduce the climate mitigation capacity of tropical seagrass meadows by reducing CO2 sequestration, increase damage from sulfide toxicity, and induce the release of larger amounts of methane.
Habitat loss due to dam development may affect the distribution of marine‐associated fishes in Gabon, Africa
Authors: Cutler Joseph S. , Olivos J. Andrés , Sidlauskas Brian , Arismendi Ivan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe planned construction of 38 hydropower dams will impact the fish species inhabiting freshwater ecosystems in the megadiverse African country of Gabon. Many of Gabon's most culturally and economically important fish species are marine‐associated, moving between fresh and salt or brackish waters. However, we know little about their life histories or movement patterns, which makes it difficult to predict the impacts of dam development on biodiversity and fisheries in Gabon. Here, we apply MaxEnt distribution modeling to predict the distribution of marine‐associated fishes in Gabon's freshwaters. The model predicts a high likelihood of these fishes occurring in every coastal watershed, throughout the undammed Nyanga drainage, and extending ~400 km into the Ogooué River and its tributaries Ngounie and Abanga. If all 38 dams are constructed, marine‐associated fishes will lose approximately 17% of riverine habitats (7400 km) including 7% of the best quality habitat (460 km). Proposed dams pose a substantial threat to Gabon's most culturally and economically important fishes.
Interactions of nitrogen and phosphorus cycling promote P acquisition and explain synergistic plant‐growth responses
Authors: Schleuss Per Marten , Widdig Meike , Heintz‐Buschart Anna , Kirkman Kevin , Spohn Marie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPlant growth is often co‐limited by nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Plants might use one element to acquire another (i.e., trading N for P and P for N), which potentially explains synergistic growth responses to NP addition. We studied a 66‐yr‐old grassland experiment in South Africa that consists of four levels of N addition with and without P addition. We investigated the response of aboveground net primary production (ANPP) to N and P addition over the last 66 yr. Further, we tested whether phosphatase activity and plant P uptake depend on N availability, and vice versa, whether non‐symbiotic N2 fixation and plant N uptake depend on P availability. We expected that the interaction of both elements promote processes of nutrient acquisition and contribute to synergistic plant growth effects in response to NP addition. We found synergistic N and P co‐limitation of ANPP for the period from 1951 to 2017 but the response to N and P addition diminished over time. In 2017, aboveground P stocks, relative rRNA operon abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and soil organic P storage increased with N fertilization rate when N was added with P compared to the treatment in which only N was added. Further, N addition increased phosphatase activity, which indicates that plants used N to acquire P from organic sources. In contrast, aboveground N stocks and non‐symbiotic N2 fixation did not change significantly due to P addition. Taken together, our results indicate that trading N for P likely contributes to synergistic plant‐growth response. Plants used added N to mobilize and take up P from organic sources, inducing stronger recycling of P and making the plant community less sensitive to external nutrient inputs. The latter could explain why indications of synergistic co‐limitation diminished over time, which is usually overlooked in short‐term nutrient addition experiments.
Incidence of end‐stage renal disease after heart transplantation and effect of its treatment on survival
Authors: Roest Stefan , Hesselink Dennis A. , Klimczak‐Tomaniak Dominika , Kardys Isabella , Caliskan Kadir , Brugts Jasper J. , Maat Alexander P.W.M. , Ciszek Michał , Constantinescu Alina A. , Manintveld Olivier C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsMany heart transplant recipients will develop end‐stage renal disease in the post‐operative course. The aim of this study was to identify the long‐term incidence of end‐stage renal disease, determine its risk factors, and investigate what subsequent therapy was associated with the best survival.Methods and resultsA retrospective, single‐centre study was performed in all adult heart transplant patients from 1984 to 2016. Risk factors for end‐stage renal disease were analysed by means of multivariable regression analysis and survival by means of Kaplan–Meier. Of 685 heart transplant recipients, 71 were excluded: 64 were under 18 years of age and seven were re‐transplantations. During a median follow‐up of 8.6 years, 121 (19.7%) patients developed end‐stage renal disease: 22 received conservative therapy, 80 were treated with dialysis (46 haemodialysis and 34 peritoneal dialysis), and 19 received a kidney transplant. Development of end‐stage renal disease (examined as a time‐dependent variable) inferred a hazard ratio of 6.45 (95% confidence interval 4.87–8.54, P < 0.001) for mortality. Tacrolimus‐based therapy decreased, and acute kidney injury requiring renal replacement therapy increased the risk for end‐stage renal disease development (hazard ratio 0.40, 95% confidence interval 0.26–0.62, P < 0.001, and hazard ratio 4.18, 95% confidence interval 2.30–7.59, P < 0.001, respectively). Kidney transplantation was associated with the best median survival compared with dialysis or conservative therapy: 6.4 vs. 2.2 vs. 0.3 years (P < 0.0001), respectively, after end‐stage renal disease development.ConclusionsEnd‐stage renal disease is a frequent complication after heart transplant and is associated with poor survival. Kidney transplantation resulted in the longest survival of patients with end‐stage renal disease.
Monitoring pulmonary pressures during long‐term continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device and fixed pulmonary hypertension: redefining alleged pathophysiological mechanisms?
Authors: De Bakker Chantal C. , Veenis Jesse F. , Manintveld Olivier C. , Constantinescu Alina A. , Caliskan K. , den Uil Corstiaan A. , Brugts Jasper J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPulmonary hypertension (PH) type II (classified by the World Health Organization) is a common complication in chronic left‐sided heart failure. In advanced heart failure therapy, fixed PH is an absolute contraindication for heart transplantation after which a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is the only remaining option. With remote monitoring, we can now continuously evaluate the pulmonary artery pressures during long‐term LV unloading by the LVAD. In this case, we demonstrate that fixed PH can be reversed with LVAD implantation, whereby previous thoughts of this concept should be redefined in the era of assist devices.
Real‐world analysis of acute decompensated heart failure outcomes in Portugal
Authors: Marques‐Alves Patrícia , Marinho Ana Vera , Almeida José Paulo , Gonçalves Tatiana , Costa Marta , Ferreira Mafalda , Baptista Rui , Costa Susana , Franco Fátima , Fonseca Isabel , Gonçalves Lino 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsIn Portugal, in the last 5 years, no study has published recent data regarding outcomes of patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). We aimed to determine the characteristics and outcomes of a large contemporaneous Portuguese cohort of ADHF patients admitted to our emergency department (ED).Methods and resultsWe conducted a retrospective, study of all 1024 patients admitted to our ED with a discharge diagnosis of ADHF from November 2016 to December 2017. Baseline clinical data and outcomes {in‐hospital, 30 day, and follow‐up all‐cause mortality, and readmissions; median follow‐up, 5 months; interquartile range [(IQR), 3–11 months]} were determined. Mean age was 78 ± 10 years, and 53% were male; of the 1024 patients, 554 (54%) were hospitalized. The median hospitalization length was 9 (IQR, 5–15) days, and in‐hospital mortality was 12.7%. Hospitalized patients were predominantly men (56% vs. 47%; P < 0.001), younger (77 ± 9 vs. 79 ± 11 years; P = 0.002) and had higher creatinine values and B‐type natriuretic peptide values (P < 0.001) than discharged patients. Patients with prior hospitalization had lower 30 day readmission rate (8% vs. 14%; P = 0.01), same overall readmission rate (30% vs. 32%), and higher 30 day (13% vs. 5%; P < 0.001) and overall mortality rates (28% vs. 15%; P < 0.001).ConclusionsApproximately half of the patients admitted to the ED were hospitalized. Of these, only 8% were readmitted in the ED within 30 days. The clinical and analytical status in the ED are important predictors of hospitalization.
Intensity measure conversion of fragility curves
Authors: Suzuki Akiko , Iervolino Iunio 
Published: February 2020

SummaryIn seismic risk assessment of structures, fragility functions are the probabilistic characterization of vulnerability at the component and/or structural level, expressing the probability of failure as a function of a ground motion intensity measure (IM). Fragility curves, in general, are structure‐ and site‐specific, thus a comparison of fragility curves, then of vulnerability, is not straightforward across multiple structures. Also, it could be the case that hazard at a site of interest is not available for the IM originally considered in the fragility assessment. These situations require to convert fragility curves from an original IM to a target one. The present study addresses a hazard‐consistent probabilistic framework for converting spectral acceleration‐based IMs from an original IM to a target IM at a given site. In particular, three conversion cases, under different assumptions on the explanatory power of the involved IMs with respect to structural failure, are discussed: (a) a vector‐valued IM consisting of the original and target IMs, magnitude, and source‐to‐site distance; (b) a vector‐valued IM consisting of the original and target IMs; and (c) the original (scalar) IM only, assuming that structural response, given the IM, is statistically independent of the other ground motion variables. In this framework, the original fragility functions are characterized using the state‐of‐the‐art methods in performance‐based earthquake engineering, then the fragility curves as a function of the target IM are evaluated through applications of the probability calculus rules, ensuring consistency with the seismic hazard at the site of interest. The conversion strategy is illustrated through the applications to three‐, six‐, and nine‐story Italian code‐conforming reinforced concrete buildings designed for a high‐hazard site in Italy. The study shows that, in most of the cases, the converted fragility curves have agreement with the reference curves directly developed in terms of the target IM. Cases in which least agreement was found are likely due to the models used to obtain the terms required by the conversion equations.