bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleaved Whole Brain 23Na‐MRI and 31P‐MRSI Acquisitions at 7 Tesla
Authors: Shams Zahra , Dai Jiying , Gosselink Mark W. J. , Hoogduin Hans J. M. , van der Kemp Wybe J. M. , Visser Fredy , Klomp Dennis W. J. , Wijnen Jannie P. , Wiegers Evita C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNon‐1H nuclei magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) offers insights into metabolism, which may aid for example early stages of disease diagnosis, tissue characterization or therapy response evaluation. Sodium MRI can provide valuable information about tissue health and cellular function. When combined with 31P MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI), complementary metabolic information on energy metabolism and cell proliferation can be obtained. However, sensitivity challenges stemming from low natural abundances and low gyromagnetic ratios of different nuclei have hindered progress. Besides, due to hardware constraints, different nuclei are often studied separately, and the need for dedicated hardware for x‐nuclei imaging hampers clinical efficiency and patient‐friendly assessments. This work introduces an interleaved acquisition scheme for 3D 31P‐MRSI and 3D radial 23Na‐MR imaging (23Na‐MRI) at 7 Tesla (7T) and demonstrates the feasibility of interleaving these two nuclei acquisitions. The interleaved protocol effectively merged 31P‐MRSI with 23Na‐MRI, while remaining within specific absorption rate (SAR) limits. Results revealed comparable signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) and spectral quality between interleaved and non‐interleaved scans, highlighting the approach's efficiency without compromising data quality.
Optimization of Intercropping Modes in Placodon grandiflorus
Authors: Liu Pengfei , Ma Jiannan , Yu Juan , Zhang Meixi , Qiao E. , Cao Yang , Zhang Ying , Wang Xiaoqin , Jia Xin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntercropping enhances plant growth, increases yield, and boosts the accumulation of secondary metabolites. Platycodon grandiflorus (P. grandiflorus), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has limited research available regarding its intercropping practices. We aimed to (1) examine the changes in the physiological and biochemical indicators of plant growth during the intercropping process of P. grandiflorus, (2) assess the quality of P. grandiflorus when intercropped with different crops, and (3) evaluate the optimal intercropping mode for P. grandiflorus. This study utilized the two‐year seedlings of P. grandiflorus as the test material in a field study. The intercropping treatments included P. grandiflorus monoculture (JG‐JG), intercropping with Achyranthes bidentata (JG‐NX), Saposhnikovia divaricata (JG‐FF), Adenophora stricta (JG‐SS), Zea mays (JG‐YM), Setaria italica (JG‐GZ), and Glycine max (JG‐DD). We investigated the effects of these different intercropping modes on the growth, physiological and biochemical indicators, and the accumulation of five saponins in P. grandiflorus at various growth and development stages. Compared with JG‐JG, the chlorophyll and the MDA contents significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in the JG‐YM, JG‐DD, and JG‐NX treatments. All the three treatments enhanced the biomass and exhibited the higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulatory substance content. JG‐YM and JG‐SS significantly (p < 0.05) improved the quality of P. grandiflorus, with JG‐SS intercropping notably maintaining a high content of platycodin D. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for optimizing intercropping planting systems and advancing the sustainable development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry.
Theoretical Study of Pseudo Two‐Step Phase Transition Behaviors in Bilayer 1T‐TiSe2
Authors: Chen Liujie , Jiang Zhenyi , Zheng Jiming , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: February 2025

High‐temperature metal phase of bilayer and bulk 1T‐TiSe2 will undergo two‐stage phase transition (PT) while monolayer samples undergo only one‐stage PT upon cooling. Such a surprising two‐stage PT behavior of bilayer samples has not well been understood up to now. In this study, the theoretical calculations with density functional theory revealed that so called two‐stage PT is actually a traditional one‐stage PT. One layer of bilayer 1T‐TiSe2 will undergo a 2 × 2 × 1 charge density wave (CDW) alone, and then the 2 × 2 × 1 CDW supercells of another layer subsequently take place upon further decreasing temperature. Since the potential barriers of PT between any two CDW configurations are on the order of only several meV/TiSe2, it is easy to realize their transformations between various CDW configurations for bilayer 1T–TiSe2. In fact, the hidden order with CDW phase only in one layer or phase separation is widely present in 1T–TiSe2 multilayer samples.
Experimental Evidence of Curvature Gradient Driven Domain Wall Automotion
Authors: Berganza Eider , Tejo Felipe , Bittencourt Guilherme H. R. , Carvalho‐Santos Vagson L. , Chubykalo‐Fesenko Oksana , Asenjo Agustina 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCurvature and geometry have significant implications in fundamental physics, leading to the appearance of intriguing novel phenomena. In the field of nanomagnetism, geometrical‐induced effects yield important consequences, which, despite their relevance for domain wall (DW) motion‐based applications, still await experimental validation. In this letter, a spiral‐shaped magnetic nanostructure is used to demonstrate experimentally that curvature gradients determine DW motion. A saturating magnetic field is applied to the spirals to induce the magnetic onion state, generating head‐to‐head (HtH) and tail‐to‐tail (TtT) DW. Curvature gradient promotes domain wall motion through a local curvature‐dependent effective force, toward regions of higher curvature. These effects have been studied by measuring depinning fields and supported by micromagnetic simulations and an analytical model. Our results show the potential of curvature engineering for the realization of low‐energy spintronic devices.
Sandwich‐Structured ZnO/MXene Heterojunction for Sensitive and Stable Room‐Temperature Ammonia Sensing
Authors: Li Dongli , Zhang Zhan , Jiao Mingze , Dong Yinan , Yu Shuyan , Li Congju , He Hongyan , Jiang Jingkun , Liu Kaihui , Li Zehui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract2D metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) have attracted considerable interests in NH3 sensing due to their high electrical conductivity and abundant terminal groups. However, the strong interlayer interactions between MXene nanosheets result in challenges related to sensor recovery and rapid response decay in MXene‐based sensors. Here, A one‐step hydrothermal strategy is developed that anchors Zn atoms and grows ZnO polycrystals on the Ti vacancies of Ti3C2Tx layers, forming a sandwich‐structured ZnO/Ti3C2Tx heterojunction. At room temperature, the NH3 sensitivity of ZnO/Ti3C2Tx is a remarkable 45‐fold higher than that of Ti3C2Tx, with a low detection limit of 138 ppb and a rapid recovery time of 39 s. Furthermore, the heterojunction exhibits exceptional long‐term stability, maintaining a consistent response over 21 days. The results confirm that in situ intercalation of the ZnO polycrystals effectively solves the recovery problem in MXene substrates by completely exfoliating the Ti3C2Tx nanosheets. Meanwhile, the room‐temperature sensing performance and recovery speed of the sandwich‐structured ZnO/Ti3C2Tx is enhanced by rapid electron conduction. This straightforward and effective route for in situ exfoliation and intercalation of MXene layers promises the broader use of 2Dmaterial heterojunctions in sensing applications.
Autonomous Aerosol and Plasma Co‐Jet Printing of Metallic Devices at Ambient Temperature
Authors: Du Yipu , Yang Jinyu , Song Kaidong , Jiang Qiang , Bappy Md Omarsany , Zhu Yuchen , Go David B. , Zhang Yanliang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAdditive manufacturing of metallic materials holds the potential to revolutionize the fabrication of functional devices unattainable via traditional methods. Despite recent advancements, printing metallic materials typically requires thermal processing at elevated temperatures to form dense structures with desired properties, which presents a major challenge for direct printing and integration with temperature‐sensitive materials. Herein, a unique co‐jet printing (CJP) method is reported integrating an aerosol jet and a non‐thermal, atmospheric pressure plasma jet to enable concurrent aerosol deposition of metal nanoparticle inks and in situ sintering at ambient temperature. A machine learning algorithm is integrated with the CJP to perform real‐time defect detection and autonomous correction, enhancing the yield of printed films with high electrical conductivity from 44% to 94%. Concurrent printing and sintering eliminate the need for post‐printing processing, reducing the overall manufacturing time by multiple folds depending on product size. CJP enables direct printing of functional devices on a variety of temperature‐sensitive materials including biological materials. Direct printing of hydration sensors on living plant leaves is demonstrated for long‐duration monitoring of hydration level in the plant. The versatile CJP method opens tremendous opportunities to harmoniously integrate abiotic and biotic materials for emerging applications in wearable/implantable devices and biohybrid systems.
Harsh Environment‐Immune All‐Carbon Visible Light Photodetector: Sensitivity Improvement by Nitrogen‐Vacancy Center Density Enhancement Through Electron Irradiation
Authors: Valappil Sreenath Mylo , Kageura Taisuke , Ohmagari Shinya , Onoda Shinobu , Sittimart Phongsaphak , Naragino Hiroshi , Yoshitake Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA novel all‐carbon visible light detector is fabricated on a nitrogen‐doped (N‐doped) single‐crystalline diamond (SCD) with interdigitated nanocarbon ohmic contacts. It has been posited that the formation of nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers within the photoabsorption layer serves as an effective strategy to augment the device's detection capabilities. To illustrate the significance of this enhancement, NV density is manipulated and augmented by electron beam irradiation in a moderately N‐doped diamond. Despite the incompetent nitrogen doping, the enhancement of NV density in the diamond active layer has resulted in a substantial enhancement of nearly 1.5 orders of magnitude for several critical detection parameters. The NV‐enabled all‐carbon detector demonstrates a high degree of tolerance toward thermal and corrosive environments. The dark current is maintained at a level below 0.01 pA even when the device is operated at a temperature of 250 °C. The robust interfacial bonding between the diamond and the nanocarbon‐interdigitated electrodes ensures that the device exhibits no physical or performance deterioration when subjected to highly corrosive environments. The results of this study may provide insights that can inform the development of high‐sensitivity, harsh environment immune diamond visible light detectors benefiting from the multiple photon excitation of NV quantum centers.
High‐Performing Nanofiber Memristor via Field‐Induced Ion Migration Concentration at Highly‐Curved Interwoven Interface
Authors: Liu Yue , Zhang Yuanhang , Zhou Xufeng , Wang Zhuming , Yang Zhe , Meng Jialin , Wang Chen , Sun Xuemei , Chen Lin , Chen Peining , Peng Huisheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMemristors with high computing capabilities hold significant potential as processing devices in the era of information explosion, but their applications are largely hindered by the trade‐off between memristive performance and operation uniformity. Extensive efforts are devoted to designing or regulating memristive layers of memristors to improve device performance, while few studies focused on the interface structure at cross points of memristors. Herein, inspired by the tip effect, a nanofiber memristor with highly‐curved interwoven interface is designed by assembling nanofiber electrodes using dielectrophoretic method. The nanofiber memristor shows high operation uniformity with an ultralow set voltage standard deviation of 0.014 V, which is even superior to that of state‐of‐the‐art oxide‐based planar memristors. Experimental and simulation analysis reveals that the highly‐curved interface can efficiently concentrate electric field distribution and confine the switching region, thus facilitating the migration of silver ions and suppressing the formation of random conductive filaments. Nanofiber memristor arrays with good device reproducibility are further integrated for fundamental logic gate circuits like NOT, AND, and OR. This work offers a new insight for constructing high‐performing nanoelectronics.
In Situ Ring Opening Polymerization of High‐Performance Full‐Color CsPbX3@PDMS (X = Cl, Br, I) Nanospheres Toward Wide‐Color‐Gamut Displays
Authors: Cai Junhu , Ren Xinxin , Zhang Xiang , Lai Wenzong , Chen Yu , Chen Xiaogang , Li Gongming , Zha Nan , Ye Yun , Xu Sheng , Guo Tailiang , Luo Jiajun , Chen Enguo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOptimizing the three‐primary‐color perovskite quantum dots (TPC PQDs) is crucial for achieving ultra‐wide color gamut displays. Although encapsulation is an effective strategy to improve the stability and optical performance of the TPC PQDs, the chemicals or environment employed in the coating procedure may attack the CsPbX3 PQDs and generate defects, damage, and ligand loss. Herein, a mild, facile and universal hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) in situ ring opening polymerization strategy is successfully developed for efficiently synthesizing high‐brightness and extremely stable TPC CsPbX3@PDMS (X = Cl, Br, I) nanospheres, with particularly friendlyness for fragile red and blue. The formation of Pb─O bond between polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and CsPbX3 passivates the lattice defects, resulting in photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) improvement of ≈1.5 times for green and red, astonishingly 2 times for blue PQDs. Also, PDMS shell effectively blocks threats from the environment. Finally, the synthesized CsPbX3@PDMS nanospheres are successfully applied in fabrication of the TPC light emitting diodes (LEDs) and full‐color liquid crystal displays (LCDs), achieving impressive ultra‐wide color gamuts of 132% and 118% National Television Standards Committee (NTSC), respectively. These findings support the new strategy for synthesizing emerging full‐color perovskite nanomaterials and shows great potentieal for high color‐rendering displays.
Oxygen‐Doped γ‐Mo2N as High‐Performance Catalyst for Ammonia Decomposition
Authors: Shi Yi , Wang Xiao , Zhang Lingling , Chu Xiang , Liu Li , Geng Baokang , Jiang Ruize , Zhang Shibo , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: February 2025

Abstractγ‐Mo2N catalysts exhibit excellent activity and stability in ammonia decomposition reactions. However, the influence of oxygen on its activity is still unknown. In this work, two γ‐Mo2N catalysts with different oxygen content are synthesized using temperature‐programmed nitridation of α‐MoO3. The γ‐Mo2N catalysts are highly oxidized and their ammonia decomposition performance is closely related to their oxygen content. The activity of γ‐Mo2N with high oxygen content (HO‐γ‐Mo2N) is much higher, whose H2 formation rate at 550 °C is 3.3 times higher than the γ‐Mo2N with low oxygen content (LO‐γ‐Mo2N). This is mainly attributed to two aspects: on the one hand, the higher valence state of Mo in the HO‐γ‐Mo2N leads to stronger Mo─NH3 bonds, which promotes the adsorption and activation of NH3. On the other hand, the H generated by N─H bond breaking is more easily migrated to O, which avoids excessive H occupying the γ‐Mo2N active sites and alleviates the negative effect of hydrogen poisoning.
Integration of Electrohydrodynamic Printing and Hydroprinting for the Cost‐Effective Fabrication of Microscale Conformal Transparent Electrodes on Diverse Curved Surfaces
Authors: Ding Yi , Xu Chenyu , Zhang Wenyou , Di Yuhang , Yue Junyu , Yu Kun , Wang Wei , Li Dichen , He Jiankang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHydroprinting has emerged as a cost‐effective solution to transfer planar flexible electronics onto diverse curved surfaces for the fabrication of conformal transparent electrodes (CTEs) in the fields of microelectronics and healthcare monitoring. However, current hydroprinting strategies commonly rely on intricate multiple‐step microfabrication processes or inkjet/direct/screen printing, largely limiting accessibility or resolution for microscale CTEs. Here, an integration strategy is proposed by combining electrohydrodynamic printing and hydroprinting, simplifying the fabrication of microscale CTEs with remarkable electrical/thermal/sensing capabilities and robust mechanical stability. Stable electrohydrodynamic printing of microscale silver mesh electrodes on non‐conductive water‐soluble polyvinyl alcohol films achieves excellent compatibility with diverse curved surfaces and distinct substrate materials. The smallest feature size of the CTEs is 48.5 ± 3.7 µm, showing a figure of merit of 1304. Interestingly, the CTEs hydroprinted on rough surfaces demonstrate better adhesion and scratching resistances than those hydroprinted on smooth counterparts, maintaining a negligible sheet resistance increase after 100 cyclic mechanical tests. The CTEs on a cylindrical glass bottle exhibit excellent transparency and electrothermal properties. The CTEs onto human skin for electrocardiogram sensing and monitoring realize a notable 30.24% signal enhancement, improved motion artifact resistance and negligible skin irritation compared to the commercialized Ag/AgCl electrodes.
Optimization of CdS/MoS2 Photocatalysts for Phonon‐Enhanced H2 Evolution via Indirect Transition Modulation in Layer‐Dependent MoS2
Authors: Zhang Chao , Ai Zizheng , Xu Xiaolong , Huang Meiling , Xiu Zhiliang , Wu Yongzhong , Shao Yongliang , Hao Xiaopeng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRational modulation in the transition distribution of electronic band structure is crucial for constructing phonon‐induced enhancement effects for efficient charge separation and thus improving the photocatalytic activity of heterogeneous semiconductor systems. Herein, the indirect/direct transition modulation of layer‐dependent MoS2 has been systematically investigated and modeled as a noble metal‐free cocatalyst model to study the spatial behavior of carriers in the presence of the phonon effect by coupling it to the direct semiconductor CdS. Consequently, photocarrier separation at the heterojunction interface is greatly facilitated by the optimized band‐matching mechanism, while phonon‐interfered recombination achieves lifetime extension, which is further elucidated by theoretical simulations. Notably, the water reduction properties of the optimal CdS/MoS2 system exhibit a striking apparent quantum efficiency (31.33% at 380 nm), with an H2 evolution rate as high as 9.70 mmol h−1 g−1, which is 7.58 times higher than that of pristine CdS. Overall, this work demonstrates the capability of involved phonons for enhancing charge transfer dynamics, and provides great flexibility for precisely designing superior photocatalytic systems by manipulating the electronic band transformation.
High‐Entropy Layered Double Hydroxides for Efficient Methanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Wang Yuying , Hu Yihang , Wu Zhaohui , Song Ziheng , Chen Xiang , Song Yu‐Fei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe electrocatalytic methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) is considered as an effective method to replace oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for efficient hydrogen production. However, the sluggish kinetics and the difficulty of breaking C─H bond of the Ni‐based catalysts limit further application. Herein, three high‐entropy layered double hydroxides (HELHs), namely ZnNiFeCoV‐HELH, ZnNiFeCoCr‐HELH, and ZnNiFeCoAl‐HELH (denoted as V‐HELH, Cr‐HELH, and Al‐HELH, respectively), are successfully synthesized. Among them, the V‐HELH displays the lowest potential of 1.39 V at 100 mA cm−2 compared to Cr‐HELH (1.41 V) and Al‐HELH (1.44 V). After five cycles, the formate yield of V‐HELH maintains over 95% of the first cycle with excellent stability. Such outstanding performance surpasses that of most state‐of‐the‐art MOR catalysts reported so far. A series of experiments reveal that the V‐HELH exhibits the fastest reaction kinetics and the largest number of active Ni3+ species. Further investigations and theoretical calculations prove that the V‐HELH shows the strongest methanol adsorption with the lowest energy of −3.31 eV. The introduction of vanadium (V) with relatively larger tensile strain optimizes the d─band center of V‐HELH (−0.54 eV) and lowers the energy barrier (−1.62 eV) from *CH3O to *CH2O. This work provides new insights for rational design of efficient MOR electrocatalysts.
Molecularly Engineered Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interphase with Tailored Lithiophilicity and Solvent‐Phobicity for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Jeong Yeong Hun , Won Gwangbin , Kim Seunghyeon , Jeong Daun , Kwon Da‐Sol , Yong Da Kyoung , Choi Jaehyuk , Ahn Hyun Woo , Kim Sulkyung , Lim Miso , Shim Jimin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLithium (Li) metal is recognized as a promising anode material for rechargeable batteries primarily due to its high specific capacity and energy density. However, a major challenge persists in uncontrolled Li electrodeposition and irregular solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation during cycling, leading to premature cell failure and safety hazards. Herein, an artificial SEI is presented for Li metal with tailored lithiophilicity and solvent‐phobicity to address these critical issues. As a model system for the artificial SEI, a series of polyethyleneimine (PEI) substituted by 1,2‐epoxyhexane (EH) (PEI‐EH) is introduced, consisting of lithiophilic, nitrogen‐rich PEI, which promotes Li ion solvation and regulates uniform ion flux. The abundant amine groups in PEI are partially substituted with solvent‐phobic hexyl groups to reduce electrolyte swelling and prevent solvent decomposition. By systematically modulating the physical properties of PEI‐EH, including polarity and mechanical characteristics, an optimized artificial protective layer for Li metal that effectively suppresses Li dendrite growth and irregular SEI formation is identified. This study highlights the importance of molecular engineering in the design of artificial SEIs for achieving dendrite‐free, long‐lasting Li metal batteries.
Synergistic Metal‐Support Interactions in Au/GaN Catalysts for Photoelectrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Dong Wan Jae , Menzel Jan Paul , Ye Zhengwei , Long Zhuoran , Navid Ishtiaque Ahmed , Batista Victor S. , Mi Zetian 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetal‐support interactions are crucial in the electrochemical synthesis of ammonia (NH3) from nitrate (NO3−) reduction reaction, enabling efficient NH3 production under mild conditions. However, the complexity of the reaction pathways often limits efficiency. Here, a photoelectrochemical system composed of gold (Au) nanoclusters supported on gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires is introduced, grown on a n+‐p Si wafer, for selective reduction of NO3− to NH3 under solar illumination. NO3− ions are preferentially adsorbed and reduced to nitrite (NO2−) on the GaN nanowires, which then transfer to adjacent Au nanoclusters to complete the NH3 synthesis. This mechanism is confirmed by both experimental data and theoretical calculations. Optimizing the surface coverage and size of Au nanoclusters on the GaN nanowires significantly enhanced catalytic activity compared to that on planar n+‐p Si photoelectrodes, achieving a faradaic efficiency of 91.8% at −0.4 VRHE and a high NH3 production rate of 131.1 µmol cm−2 h−1 at −0.8 VRHE. These findings highlight the synergetic effect between metal co‐catalysts and semiconductor supports in designing photoelectrodes for multi‐step NO3− reduction.