bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficacy of Neuraxial and General anesthesia for hip fracture surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Zheng Xinxun , Tang Yuming , Gao Yuan , Liu Zhiheng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The choice of anesthesia technique remains debatable in patients undergoing surgical repair of hip fracture. This meta-analysis was performed to compare the effect of neuraxial (epidural/spinal) versus general anesthesia on perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Methods: Medline, Cochrane Library, Science-Direct, and EMBASE databases were searched to identify eligible studies focused on the comparison between neuraxial and general anesthesia in hip fracture patients between January 2000 and May 2019. Perioperative outcomes were extracted for systemic analysis. The sensitivity analyses were performed by the leave-one-out approach. The evidence quality for each outcome was evaluated by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. Results: Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 1084 patients fulfilled our selection criteria. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the 30-day mortality (OR = 1.34, 95% CI 0.56, 3.21; P = 0.51), length of stay (MD = -0.65, 95% CI -0.32, 0.02; P =0.06), and the prevalence of delirium (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.27, 4.00; P = 0.95), acute myocardial infarction (OR = 0.88, 95% CI 0.17, 4.65; P = 0.88), deep venous thrombosis (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.09, 2.72; P = 0.41), and pneumonia (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.23, 4.61; P = 0.96) for neuraxial anesthesia compared to general anesthesia. There was a significant difference in terms of blood loss in favor of the neuraxial anesthesia (MD = -137.8, 95% CI -241.49, -34.12; p = 0.009). The evidence quality for each outcome evaluated by the GRADE system was low. Conclusions: In summary, our present study demonstrated that neuraxial anesthesia is associated with a reduced blood loss in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery compared to general anesthesia. Due to small sample size and enormous inconsistency in the choice of outcome measures, more high-quality studies with large sample size are needed to clarify this issue.
Physical activity intervention for non-diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wang Shu-ting , Zheng Jing , Peng He-wei , Cai Xiao-lin , Pan Xin-ting , Li Hui-quan , Hong Qi-zhu , Peng Xian-E 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease nowadays. Changes in diet and lifestyle have led to a dramatic increase in the prevalence of NAFLD around the world. This meta-analysis is to investigate the efficacy of physical activity intervention on liver-specific endpoints in the population with NAFLD, including hepatic enzyme, serum lipid, glucose metabolism and intra-hepatic lipid. Methods: PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched for randomized clinical trials of physical activity intervention on NAFLD patients through April 20th, 2019. Effect sizes were reported as standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Quality of included studies was assessed according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effect or fixed-effect models depending on the significance of heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses according to types and duration of physical activity were conducted to investigate clinical variability. Results: 9 studies with a cumulative total of 951 participants met selection criteria. Physical activity was found associated with small reductions in hepatic enzyme parameters: ALT (SMD -0.17, 95% CI:-0.30 to -0.05), AST (SMD -0.25, 95% CI: -0.38, -0.13) and GGT (SMD -0.22, 95% CI: -0.36, -0.08). Significant small improvements were also found in serum lipid parameters including TC (SMD = -0.22, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.09), TG (SMD = -0.18, 95% CI: -0.31 to -0.06) and LDL-C (SMD = -0.26, 95% CI: -0.39 to -0.13). Significant improvement was also found in intra-hepatic lipid content (SMD = -0.21, 95% CI: -0.36 to -0.06) There was no difference between physical intervention group and control group in HDL and three glucose metabolism parameters. Subgroup analysis suggested both aerobic exercise alone and resistance exercise alone can improve most liver function and longer period of exercise generally had better improvement effect. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that physical activity alone can only slightly improve hepatic enzyme levels, most serum lipid levels and intra-hepatic lipid content in non-diabetic patients with NAFLD.
Milk exosome-derived miRNAs from water buffalo are implicated in immune response and metabolism process
Authors: Chen Zujing , Xie Yueqin , Luo Junyi , Chen Ting , Xi Qianyun , Zhang Yongliang , SUN JIAJIE 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Buffalo milk represents an indispensable source of nourishment, and exosomes from buffalo milk, compared with cow-milk, would yield novel miRNAs that would inform the potential physiological importance of consumption of buffalo-milk exosomes.Results: Here, we isolated exosomes from buffalo and cow milk samples that were obtained at mid-lactation period, and the exosomal miRNA profiles were then generated using RNA-seq. As control, miRNA sequencing data of pig, human and panda milk exosomes were downloaded from GEO database. Finally, a total of 27 milk exosomal miRNA profiles that included 4 buffalo, 4 cow, 8 pig, 4 human and 7 panda were analyzed using the miRDeep2 program. For these datasets there were 558 unique miRNA candidates existed across all species, and the top 10 highly expressed miRNA were evolutionarily conserved across multiple species. Functional analysis revealed that these milk enriched miRNAs targeted 400 putative sites to modulate disease resistance, immune responsiveness and basic metabolism events. In addition, a total of 32 miRNAs in buffalo milk were significantly up-regulated compared with non-buffalo milks, while 16 were significantly down-regulated. Of interest, functional analysis showed that up-regulated miRNA were mainly related to host metabolism processes, while the predicted functions of down-regulated miRNAs were enriched in immune response.Conclusion: In this study, we explored the exosomal miRNAome differences between milks of different animals, expanding the theoretical basis for potential applications of the miRNA-containing vesicles.
Electroencephalogram (EEG) Recording Protocol for Cognitive and Affective Human Neuroscience Research
Authors: Farrens Jaclyn L. , Simmons Aaron M. , Luck Steven J. , Kappenman Emily S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the most widely used techniques to measure human brain activity. EEG recordings provide a direct, high temporal resolution measure of cortical activity from noninvasive scalp electrodes. However, the signals are small relative to the noise, and optimizing the quality of the recorded EEG data can significantly improve the ability to identify signatures of brain processing. This protocol provides a step-by-step guide to recording the EEG from human research participants using strategies optimized for producing the best quality EEG.
“The midwife helped me... Otherwise I could have died” Women’s experience of professional midwifery services in rural Afghanistan. A qualitative study in the provinces Kunar and Laghman
Authors: Thommesen Trude , Kismul Hallgeir , Kaplan Ian , Safi Khadija , Berg Graziella Van den 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Afghanistan has one of the world’s highest maternal mortality ratios, in some areas more than 60% of women have no access to a skilled birth attendant. The main challenges for Afghan childbearing women are access to skilled birth attendance, emergency obstetric care and reliable contraception. The NGO-based project Advancing Maternal and Newborn Health in Afghanistan has supported education of midwives since 2002, according to the national plan for midwifery education. The aim of this study is to explore women´s experiences with professional midwifery care in four villages in Afghanistan covered by the project, to uncover challenges and improve services in rural and conflict-affected areas of the country. Methods An explorative case study approach was adopted. Fourteen in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions were conducted. Totally, 39 women participated; 25 who had given birth during the last six months, 11 mothers-in-laws and three community midwives in the provinces of Kunar and Laghman. Data generated by the interviews and observations was analysed through a thematic content analysis. Findings The women reported that the trained midwives’ life-saving competence, skills and care were important reasons for giving birth in a clinic, and the midwives seemed to be appreciated by many of the women, making more women to choose to give birth in the clinic. Women further appreciated midwives’ promotion of immediate skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding. However, some women experienced rudeness, discrimination and negligence from the midwives. Moreover, disapproval from relatives, shame and problems with transport and security were important obstacles to women giving birth in the clinics. Conclusions Local recruitment and professional education of midwives as promoted by Afghan authorities and applied in the project seem successful in promoting utilization and satisfaction with maternal and newborn health services in rural Afghanistan. Nevertheless, the quality of the services is still wanting, with some women complaining of disrespectful care. There seems to be a need to focus more on communication issues during the education of midwives. An increased focus on in-service training and factors promoting quality care and respectful communication is necessary and should be prioritized.
Unstable intertrochanteric fractures are associated with a greater hemoglobin drop during the perioperative period: a retrospective case control study
Authors: Lin Po-Hsun , Chien Jui-Teng , Hung Jung-Pin , Hong Chih-Kai , Tsai Tzung-Yi , Yang Chang-Chen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background With an increase in the elderly population, the occurrence of hip fractures, femoral neck fractures, and intertrochanteric fractures (ITFs) is also increasing. It is important to establish effective perioperative methods that would help reduce the morbidity and mortality rates associated with ITFs. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ITFs according to the AO classification for perioperative hemoglobin drop. Methods Seventy-six patients with ITFs classified as AO 31-A1 or A2 and fixated with intramedullary nails participated in this retrospective cohort study. Medical records of these patients were retrospectively reviewed from September 2016 to August 2018. The perioperative hemoglobin drop was chosen as the main outcome measure and calculated as the difference between pre- and postoperative hemoglobin levels. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed and included the following variables: AO classification (A1.1-A2.1 [stable] vs. A2.2-A2.3 [unstable]), time interval between injury and surgery, age, body mass index, and use of anticoagulation medicine. Results Among the 76 patients who met the inclusion criteria, a significantly higher hemoglobin drop was observed in the AO 31 A2.2-A2.3 (unstable) group than in the AO 31 A1.1-A2.1 (stable) group (p = 0.04). The multivariate analysis also showed a greater hemoglobin drop in the unstable group (p < 0.05). Conclusions Patients with unstable ITFs showed a greater hemoglobin drop and suspected hidden blood loss around the fracture site. Therefore, aggressive presurgical blood transfusion for patients with unstable ITFs may reduce anemia and any associated postoperative complications, especially in patients with severe anemia or high mortality risk.
Prevalence of HCV among people who inject drugs in Brussels – A Respondent Driven Sampling Survey
Authors: Baelen Luk Van , Plettinckx Els , Antoine Jérôme , Gremeaux Lies 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: In Belgium, people who inject drugs (PWID) are at a high risk of being infected by hepatitis C (HCV) as injecting drug use is the main mode for transmission of HCV in Europe. Estimates about the number of people living with HCV in Belgium are rare and even less is known about the prevalence of HCV among PWID. Method: Between 1 February 2019 and 26 April 2019, PWID and high risk opiate users (HROU) were recruited in Brussels through respondent driven sampling (RDS). They were invited to a questionnaire and underwent a rapid HCV-test. Results: 253 respondents participated in the study, of which 168 were PWID and 238 were HROU, with 153 respondents belonging to both categories. The overall unweighted sample average for HCV antibodies was 41.1%. The weighted population estimates were 43.7% (95%CI: 30.6% - 56.8%) for RDS-II and 43.4% (95%CI: 28.9% - 58.0%) for RDS-SS. Conclusions: This prevalence is lower than the prevalence estimates reported elsewhere in Europe. However, the data still suggest that serious efforts are needed to reach the goal set by the WHO to reduce HCV by 2030 with 90%.
Noise after total knee arthroplasty has limited effect on joint awareness and patient reported clinical outcomes.
Authors: Taniguchi Hiroto , Itoh Masafumi , Yoshimoto Nobuyuki , Itou Junya , Kuwashima Umito , Okazaki Ken - 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Some patients complain of noise after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Controversy still exists how the noise affect the clinical outcomes including joint awareness after TKA. Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12) measures the clinical outcomes focusing on joint awareness after surgery. The Knee Society Scoring System-2011 (KSS-2011) includes questionnaires for satisfaction, expectation, and functional activities. The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship among FJS-12, KSS-2011 and the noise. Furthermore, the relationship between FJS-12 and KSS-2011 was validated.
Methods: Using the FJS-12 and KSS-2011, 295 knees from 225 patients who underwent TKA was retrospectively evaluated. Noise perception was evaluated by a questionnaire with five grades which is a method that follows the questionnaire form of FJS-12 [“Are you aware of the noise of your artificial joint?” ; never, almost never, seldom, sometimes, mostly]. The correlations among FJS-12, KSS-2011, and noise were analyzed. In addition, patients were divided into four groups based on the mechanism of their implant [cruciate retaining, posterior stabilized, cruciate sacrificed, and bicruciate stabilized (BCS)]. FJS-12, KSS-2011, and noise were compared among the groups.
Results: A strong correlation was observed between FJS-12 and the total score of KSS-2011 (0.70; P < 0.001). FJS-12 also was correlated with KSS-2011 subcategories for “symptoms,” “satisfaction,” and “standard activities” that these correlation coefficients were approximately 0.60. Noise was limited to have weak correlations with FJS-12 (0.28; P < 0.001) and KSS-2011 (0.20 P < 0.001). With comparison among the TKA mechanisms, BCS showed significantly better KSS-2011 and greater range of movement but worse noise scores.
Conclusions: Noise perception after TKA had limited effect on joint awareness and clinical outcomes. FJS-12 was correlated strongly with KSS-2011 and associated with satisfaction, residual symptoms, and daily activities as assessed by KSS-2011 subscores.
Health-related quality of life in adolescents with CFS/ME, a cross-sectional population based Norwegian study.
Authors: Similä Wenche Ann , Halsteinli Vidar , Helland Ingrid B. , Suvatne Christer , Elmi Hanna , Rø Torstein Baade 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose The primary aim was to measure health related quality of life (HRQoL) in a Norwegian cohort of adolescents with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS/ME). A secondary aim was to identify factors initial to diagnosis, at time of diagnosis and at follow-up that were associated with HRQoL. Methods In this cross-sectional population-based study, HRQoL was measured by PedsQL Generic Core scale (PedsQL4.0) in 63 adolescents with CFS/ME. In addition, fatigue was measured by PedsQL Multidimentional Fatigue scale (PedsQL-MFS), depressive symptoms were measured by the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ), and disruption in school activities was measured by The De Paul Pediatric Health Questionnaire (DPHQ-N). Data were also collected from patient journals and patient interviews.Results Age at diagnosis was 15 (2) years (mean (SD)), and four out of five participants were female. Time from diagnosis to reply was 39 (22) months. Adolescents with CFS/ME reported PedsQL4.0 score 50 (17), and boys reported a better score than girls (64 vs 47, CI (-27;-6)). There were positive associations between overall HRQoL and follow-up by school teacher, school attendance or participation in leisure activities. There were negative associations between overall HRQoL and delayed school progression, having been to rehabilitation stay and depressive symptoms.Conclusion HRQoL in adolescents diagnosed with CFS/ME was low compared to healthy adolescents. The associations between HRQoL, healthcare provided, teacher follow-up, school attendance and participation in leisure activity may provide information of value when developing refined strategies for follow-up of adolescents with CFS/ME. Possible causal relationships must however be explored in future longitudinal studies.
Diversity of cucumber fruit tip is attributed to the epistatic QTL pairs Ft4.1 and Ft6.1
Authors: Zhu Pinyu , Zhang Kaijing , Kun Liang , Wang Xueyan , Wang Tuantuan , Qin Xiaodong , Zhong Tinglong , Xu Jian , Wu Zhe , Chen Jinfeng , Li Ji 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe shape of fruit tip is critical to appearance quality and commodity value of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Although diversity of cucumber fruit tip is rich, the genetic basis and molecular mechanism were poorly understood. In this study, the morphological and histological features of fruit tip were investigated to accurately evaluate the diversity in cucumber germplasm. QTLs of fruit tip were genetically mapped by using F2 and RILs populations. Candidate genes of major-effect QTLs were predicted. Results The appearance of cucumber fruit tip was generally divided into sharp, oval-round and blunt-round categories, but morphological measurement showed that the angle of fruit tip was continuously distribute in range of 99~173° and the fruit tip index (the ratio of diameter and length of tips) was in range of 1.4~3.5. Histological analysis suggested that the different structures of fruit tips were owed to the different distribution of cell number in vertical and horizontal direction, rather than difference in cell size. In total, thirty fruit tip related QTLs were identified from two mapping populations including a F2 population derived from EC1 (blunt round tip) × 8419s-1 (sharp tip) and a RILs population derived from IL52 (oval round tip) × CCMC (sharp tip). Two major-effect QTLs were detected, of which Ft4.1 was detected in both mapping population, while Ft6.1 was only identified in F2 population. The phenotypes of Ft4.1 were epistatically suppressed by dominant Ft6.1 genotype, suggesting that Ft6.1 has epistatic dominance interaction to Ft4.1. The candidate genes of Ft4.1 were predicted based on genome re-sequencing of parental lines, including CsEXT (Extension-like family protein), CsPRK (leucine-rich repeat protein kinase protein) and CsRNApase (RNA polymerase beta subunit protein), of which CsEXT and CsPRK play important functions during cell division and expansion. ConclusionsDifferent shapes of fruit tip were owed to the different frequency and orientation of cell division in tip structures. The fruit tip variation in cucumber maybe controlled by the major QTLs Ft4.1 and Ft6.1 through epistatic interaction.
Interventionist videothermometry: A new model of cardiac ischemia evaluation
Authors: Silva Tomas Tomas Ottoni Barroso da , Vidal Leonardo Waldstein de Moura , Cabral Paula Gebe Abreu , Costa Matheus Roberto da Mota , Cadena Silvia Marcela Ruiz , Junior Marcelo Borges Santos , Antunes Fernanda , Oliveira André Lacerda de Abreu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate, through videothermometry, the temperature variation in the hearts of rabbits, that underwent induced myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Results: A total of 20 female rabbits, were divided into two groups: a treated group and a sham group. Throughout the experiment, the animals were monitored by videothermometry, observing the thermal variations of the myocardial tissue. During the experiment, at different times, blood gas tests and tests to evaluate the lactate concentrations were performed. At the end of the experiment, each heart was submitted to histopathological evaluation. In the treated group, there was a reduction in temperature of the myocardial tissue during the circulatory arrest compared to the sham group. Additionally, a colder area next to the caudal vena cava ostium and the right atrium was observed. Notably, despite the 5 minutes of cardiac arrest in the treated group, both the lactate and bicarbonate levels were maintained without significant variation. However, there was an increase in PaCO2 and pH reduction, featuring respiratory acidosis. In relation to the histopathological study, the presence of hydropic degeneration in the myocardium of animals in the treated group was observed.Conclusions: Based on these results, the videothermometry was efficient in identifying the range of myocardial tissue temperature, suggesting that the first areas to suffer due to cardiac arrest were the caudal vena cava ostium and the right atrium. However, in regard to the angiographic coronary thermography, the study was not feasible due to the small size of the coronary. There was no variation between the groups regarding the presence of myocardial infarction, myocardial congestion, myocardial edema and myocardial hemorrhage.
Development of monoclonal antibodies and simplified sandwich ELISA for canine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin A detection
Authors: Cao Jun , Tang Bo , Zhang Xinyu , Xia Xiaoli , Sun Huaichang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common canine diseases with a high mortality rate. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is the novel biomarker for early diagnosis of renal injury. Only few sandwich ELISA kits are commercially available, all of which require the use of expensive enzyme-conjugated secondary or biotinylated antibody. The aims of this study were to develop high affinity monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and simplified sandwich ELISA for canine NGAL detection. Results Recombinant canine NGAL was expressed in E. coli and purified to a high purity. Six hybridoma cell lines were generated by immunization of mice with the purified protein, all of which secreted high titers of specific mAbs. By screening 36 different antibody combinations, a pair of mAbs with high additivity and P/N ratio was selected as the capture and detection antibodies. By conjugation of the detection mAb with horse radish peroxidase, a simplified sandwich ELISA was developed with a correlation coefficient of 0.9939, detection limit of 8.28 ng/mL. The parallel test of 42 samples from healthy and AKI dogs showed the good agreement in NGAL concentrations detected by the simplified sandwich ELISA and commercial ELISA kit. Conclusions We developed canine NGAL-specific monoclonal antibodies and simplified sandwich ELISA. The simplified sandwich ELISA could replace the commercial ELISA kits for canine NGAL detection with the advantages of reduced cost and detection time.