bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Less is more: On‐board lossy compression of accelerometer data increases biologging capacity
Authors: Nuijten Rascha J. M. , Gerrits Theo , Shamoun‐Baranes Judy , Nolet Bart A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

GPS‐tracking devices have been used in combination with a wide range of additional sensors to study animal behaviour, physiology and interaction with their environment. Tri‐axial accelerometers allow researchers to remotely infer the behaviour of individuals, at all places and times. Collection of accelerometer data is relatively cheap in terms of energy usage, but the amount of raw data collected generally requires much storage space and is particularly demanding in terms of energy needed for data transmission.

Here, we propose compressing the raw accelerometer (ACC) data into summary statistics within the tracking device (before transmission) to reduce data size, as a means to overcome limitations in storage and energy capacity.

We explored this type of lossy data compression in the accelerometer data of tagged Bewick's swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii collected in spring 2017. Using software settings in which bouts of 2 s of both raw ACC data and summary statistics were collected in parallel but with different bout intervals to keep total data size comparable, we created the opportunity for a direct comparison of time budgets derived by the two data collection methods.

We found that the data compression in our case yielded a six times reduction in data size per bout, and concurrent, similar decreases in storage and energy use of the device. We show that with the same accuracy of the behavioural classification, the freed memory and energy of the device can be used to increase the monitoring effort, resulting in a more detailed representation of the individuals’ time budget. Rare and/or short behaviours, such as daily roost flights, were picked up significantly more when collecting summary statistics instead of raw ACC data (but note differences in sampling rate). Such level of detail can be of essential importance, for instance to make a reliable estimate of the energy budgets of individuals.

In conclusion, we argue that this type of lossy data compression can be a well‐considered choice in study situations where limitations in energy and storage space of the device pose a problem. Ultimately, these developments can allow for long‐term and nearly continuous remote monitoring of the behaviour of free‐ranging animals.
Hypothermic to ischemic ratio and mortality in post‐cardiac arrest patients
Authors: Skrifvars Markus B. , Soreide Eldar , Sawyer Kelly N. , Taccone Fabio S. , Toome Valdo , Storm Christian , Jeppesen Anni , Grejs Anders , Duez Christophe H. V. , Tiainen Marjaana , Rasmussen Bodil S. , Laitio Timo , Hassager Christian , Kirkegaard Hans 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundWe studied the associations between ischemia and hypothermia duration, that is, the hypothermic to ischemic ratio (H/I ratio), with mortality in patients included in a trial on two durations of targeted temperature management (TTM) at 33°C.MethodsThe TTH48 (NCT01689077) trial compared 24 and 48 hours of TTM in patients after cardiac arrest. We calculated the hypothermia time from return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) until the patient reached 37°C after TTM and the ischemic time from CA to ROSC. We compared continuous variables with the Mann‐Whitney U test. Using COX regression, we studied the independent association of the logarithmically transformed H/I ratio and time to death as well as interaction between time to ROSC, hypothermia duration, and intervention group. We visualized the predictive ability of variables with receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsOf the 338 patients, 237 (70%) survived for 6 months. The H/I ratio was 155 (IQR 111‐238) in survivors and 114 (IQR 80‐169) in non‐survivors (P < .001). In a Cox regression model including factors associated with outcome in univariate analysis, the logarithmically transformed H/I ratio was a significant predictor of outcome (hazard ratio 0.52 (0.37‐0.72, P = .001)). After removing an outlier, we found no interaction between time to ROSC and intervention group (P = .55) or hypothermia duration in quartiles (P = .07) with mortality. There was no significant difference in the area under the curve (AUC) between time to ROSC and H/I ratio (ΔAUC 0.03 95% CI −0.006‐0.07, P = .10).ConclusionsWe did not find any consistent evidence of a modification of the effect of TTM based on ischemia duration.
Oculomotor deficits in children adopted from Eastern Europe
Authors: Pueyo Victoria , Castillo Olimpia , Gonzalez Inmaculada , Ortin Marta , Perez Teresa , Gutierrez Diego , Prieto Esther , Alejandre Adrian , Masia Belen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimWe aim to assess oculomotor behaviour in children adopted from Eastern Europe, who are at high risk of maternal alcohol consumption.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 29 adoptees and 29 age‐matched controls. All of them underwent a complete ophthalmological examination. Oculomotor control, including fixation and saccadic performance, was assessed using a DIVE device, with eye tracking technology. Anthropometric and facial measurements were obtained from all the adopted children, to identify features of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Fixational and saccadic outcomes were compared between groups, and the effect of adoption and FASD features quantified.ResultsOculomotor performance was poorer in adopted children. They presented shorter (0.53 vs 1.43 milliseconds in the long task and 0.43 vs 0.82 in the short task) and more unstable fixations (with a bivariate contour ellipse area of 27.9 vs 11.6 degree2 during the long task and 6.9 vs 1.3 degree2 during the short task) and slower saccadic reactions (278 vs 197 milliseconds). Children with sentinel finding for FASD showed the worst oculomotor outcomes.ConclusionChildren adopted from Eastern Europe present oculomotor deficits, affecting both fixation and saccadic skills. We highlight prenatal exposure to alcohol as the main cause for these deficits.
Repeated mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke in a dialysis patient: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ding Yun‐Long , Niu Jia‐Li , Fan Jiao‐Xin , Liu Yan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMechanical thrombectomy (MT) can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke. It is still unclear whether repeated MT in a short period of time is safe and effective in patients with renal failure and atrial fibrillation (AF). We present the case of an LVO patient with AF and uremia who was successfully treated with MT for M1 segment occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) and achieved a good outcome. Fifteen days after the first MT, the patient's stroke recurred; angiography at that time revealed M1 segment, and branch occlusion of the right MCA, and a second MT was performed. This patient was given oral warfarin to maintain her international normalized ratio (INR) between 2 and 3, and over a 9‐month follow‐up period, no further vascular events occurred. It may be safe and effective to perform repeated MTs in patients with uremia and AF who have suffered two cardiogenic strokes in a short period of time. It might be beneficial to treat a patient of this description with anticoagulant therapy after careful assessment of the patient's condition. Nephrologists and medical staff at hemodialysis centers should recognize the importance of MT for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). In this way, health care providers can take measures in a timely, effective manner when they encounter hemodialysis patients with AIS.
Discussing teamwork in health care: from interprofessional collaboration to coordination and cooperation
Authors: Bochatay Naike 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis doctoral research investigates teamwork, specifically collaboration, at two different hospitals both of which were highly involved in the promotion of interprofessional collaboration. The analysis of the field observations and data collected revealed that this concept did not accurately reflect daily interactions between health care professionals, but that other forms of interaction such as coordination and cooperation were more frequent. Furthermore, the use of these more specific concepts to discuss teamwork in health care enabled important differences to be observed between the clinical settings. The impact of this research in practice suggests that adopting more specific concepts would make it easier to identify relevant literature and to design policies and educational programmes that address teamwork in health care. FJ.
Marked compositional changes in harvestmen assemblages in Amazonian forest islands induced by a mega dam
Authors: Tourinho Ana Lúcia , Benchimol Maíra , Porto Willians , Peres Carlos A. , Storck‐Tonon Danielle 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMega hydroelectric dams have become one of the main drivers of habitat loss in tropical forests, converting large tracts of pristine forests into isolated forest islands. Understanding how biodiversity cope with landscape modification in these archipelagic landscapes is of paramount importance to assess the environmental consequences of dam infrastructure and propose mitigation actions for biodiversity conservation. In this context, harvestmen (Opiliones, Arachnida) comprise an excellent indicator taxon of habitat quality, given their high sensitivity to desiccation and microclimatic change.We investigate the effects of landscape change induced by a mega hydropower dam on forest harvestmen species richness, abundance and composition within the Balbina Hydroelectric Dam, Central Brazilian Amazon. We sampled 20 islands and 5 mainland continuous forests, relating our biological response variables to local, patch and landscape scale metrics.Although unexpectedly species richness was unaffected by any local, patch and landscape variables, species composition and abundance were differentially affected by a set of predictor variables at different scales. Forest cover and fallen woody stems were significant predictors of species composition, whereas vegetation density, forest cover, island area, abundance of palm trees, and fallen woody stems best explained harvestmen abundance.Our results indicate that both islands embedded within greater and lower amount of forest cover are important to ensure high diversity of harvestmen. We recommend retaining large forest habitat patches surrounded by a large amount of forest cover to minimise forest disturbance effects and enhance long‐term persistence of harvestmen sensitive species in large hydroelectric dams.
Improved genetic identification of acipenseriform embryos with application to the endangered pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus
Authors: Kashiwagi Tom , DeLonay Aaron J. , Braaten Patrick J. , Chojnacki Kimberly A. , Gocker Rachel M. , Heist Edward J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe produced pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus embryos at five pre‐hatch developmental stages and isolated and quantified genomic DNA from four of the stages using four commercial DNA isolation kits. Genomic DNA prepared using the kit that produced the largest yields and concentrations were used for microsatellite DNA analyses of 10–20 embryos at each of the five developmental stages. We attempted to genotype the hatchery‐produced embryos at 19 microsatellite loci and confirmed reliable genotyping by comparing the microsatellite genotypes to those of known parents. Embryos at stages 5 and 8 did not produce reliable genotyping while those at stages 14, 24 and 33 did. We used the same DNA isolation method on 262 wild‐caught acipenseriform embryos collected from the lower Yellowstone River. A total of 200 of the wild embryos were successfully identified to stages 8 to 34 and the rest could not be staged. Using a combination of single nucleotide polymorphism and microsatellite markers, 249 of the wild‐caught embryos were genetically identified as paddlefish Polyodon spathula, five were identified as shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus and eight failed to amplify. None were identified as pallid sturgeon. This study demonstrates that early‐stage wild‐spawned acipenseriform embryos can be genetically identified less than 24 h post‐spawn. This methodology will be useful for recovery efforts for endangered pallid sturgeon and can be applied to other acipenseriform species.
The number of wire placement in the pancreatic duct and metal biliary stent as risk factors for post‐endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis
Authors: Shin Seung Hwan , So Hoonsub , Cho Sunghee , Kim Nayoung , Baik Gwang Ho , Lee Sung Koo , Park Do Hyun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackground and AimMany post‐ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) risk factors, including pancreatic duct cannulation, have been identified; however, whether the number of repeated and unintentional wire placements (WPs) in the pancreatic duct during wire‐guided cannulation affects PEP risk is unknown. We aimed to identify the effects of repeated WP in the pancreatic duct and other potential risk factors on PEP incidence.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 877 patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We examined potential patient‐related and procedure‐related risk factors, and PEP incidence by univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsThirty‐four patients (3.9%) had PEP. Univariable analysis revealed younger age, malignant common bile duct or ampulla of Vater stricture, two or more episodes of WPs in the pancreatic duct, and metal biliary stent as risk factors for PEP. Following multivariable analysis, two or more episodes of WPs in the pancreatic duct and metal biliary stent remained in the final model. PEP did not increase significantly in case of a one episode of WP (4.0%) compared with no episode of WP in the pancreatic duct (2.7%). However, patients with two episodes of WPs had 8.0% incidence and three or more episodes of WPs had 14.3%.ConclusionsA WP in the pancreatic duct and a metal biliary stent were associated with increased PEP incidence in patients undergoing ERCP. As for the pancreatic duct wire cannulation, two or more WPs considerably increased PEP incidence. This suggests that preventive measures or alternative procedures might be considered in patients with such cases during and after ERCP.
Experiencing winter for spring flowering: A molecular epigenetic perspective on vernalization
Authors: Luo Xiao , He Yuehui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMany over‐wintering plants, through vernalization, overcome a block to flowering and thus acquire competence to flower in the following spring after experiencing prolonged cold exposure or winter cold. The vernalization pathways in different angiosperm lineages appear to have convergently evolved to adapt to temperate climates. Molecular and epigenetic mechanisms for vernalization regulation have been well studied in the crucifer model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we review recent progresses on the vernalization pathway in Arabidopsis. In addition, we summarize current molecular and genetic understandings of vernalization regulation in temperate grasses including wheat and Brachypodium, two monocots from Pooideae, followed by a brief discussion on divergence of the vernalization pathways between Brassicaceae and Pooideae.
First assessment of the potential for coculture of sandfish (Holothuria scabra) with Babylon snail (Babylonia areolata) in Vietnam
Authors: Dobson Gregory T. , Duy Nguyen D. Q. , Southgate Paul C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe potential for the coculture of sandfish, Holothuria scabra and Babylon snail, Babylonia areolata was investigated. Sandfish (weight 1.87 ± 0.41 g) were cultured at low (25 ind/m2; 46.75 g/m2), medium (50 ind/m2; 93.5 g/m2), and high (100 ind/m2; 187 g/m2) densities in monoculture and in coculture with Babylonia at a density of 400 ind/m2 (208 g/m2). In monoculture, sandfish were provided with 1 g m−2 day−1 commercial prawn starter feed. In coculture, trash fish provided for Babylonia (5% total wet weight per day) was the only food input. Sandfish survival over the 84‐day experiment period was reduced in coculture treatments (77.60 vs. 97.22%) but was in line with expected survival rates (80–90%) of commercial sandfish culture. Mean sandfish weight gain and absolute growth rate were around 37% greater in coculture (mean weight gain 13.42 ± 2.90 g vs. 9.77 ± 2.54 g over 84 days). No differences in Babylonia growth rate or survival were evident between sandfish density treatments. Sediment organic matter content did not differ significantly between monoculture (0.43 ± 0.03%) and coculture (0.55 ± 0.06%) treatments, but the latter had elevated concentrations of ammonia. Results provide a basis for further development of land‐based pond coculture systems for sandfish and Babylonia.
Literacies remaking public places: the Umbrella Movement of Hong Kong, 2014
Authors: Gillen Julia , Yu Mandy Hoi Man , Fan Gloria Ho Nga , Ho Selena 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe approach Hong Kong's Umbrella Movement, also known as Occupy Central, encountered in 2 days in November 2014 as an exemplar of literacy as placemaking. As a contemporary city‐based resistance movement, the creation and subsequent resemiotisation of literacy artefacts were an important element of spatialised practice in asserting a new and dynamic sense of citizenship. In their collaborative design, shared commitment to certain values and expressions of political resistance, these occupation sites may be read as an instantiation of Goodsell's concept of public space. The initial research site of engagement gave rise to a dataset of photographs that the authors examined together as discourses in place, informed by cultural knowledge of Hong Kong. Selecting two photographs, we broaden out beyond the linguistic features of texts to consider processes of creative semiotic remediation. We suggest that in such placemaking activities, the Umbrella Movement activists embodied Giroux's concept of literacy as emancipatory practice. Finally, we make suggestions as to how this study might be connected to a critical pedagogy of place.
Child‐level double burden of malnutrition in the MENA and LAC regions: Prevalence and social determinants
Authors: Ghattas Hala , Acharya Yubraj , Jamaluddine Zeina , Assi Moubadda , El Asmar Khalil , Jones Andrew D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough the prevalence of obesity has rapidly increased in the low‐ and middle‐income countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) regions, child undernutrition remains a public‐health challenge. We examined region‐specific sociodemographic determinants of this double burden of malnutrition, specifically, the co‐occurrence of child stunting and overweight, using Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey data (2003–2016) from 11 countries in the MENA (n= 118,585) and 13 countries in the LAC (n= 77,824) regions. We used multiple logistic regressions to model region‐specific associations of maternal education and household wealth with child nutritional outcomes (6–59 months). The prevalence of stunting, overweight, and their co‐occurrence was 24%, 10%, and 4.3% in children in the MENA region, respectively, and 19%, 5%, and 0.5% in children in the LAC region, respectively. In both regions, higher maternal education and household wealth were significantly associated with lower odds of stunting and higher odds of overweight. As compared with the poorest wealth quintiles, decreased odds of co‐occurring stunting and overweight were observed among children from the second, third, and fourth wealth quintiles in the LAC region. In the MENA region, this association was only statistically significant for the second wealth quintile. In both regions, double burden was not statistically significantly associated with maternal education. The social patterning of co‐occurring stunting and overweight in children varied across the two regions, indicating potential differences in the underlying aetiology of the double burden across regions and stages of the nutrition transition.
Inherited salt‐losing tubulopathy: An old condition but a new category of tubulopathy
Authors: Nozu Kandai , Yamamura Tomohiko , Horinouchi Tomoko , Nagano China , Sakakibara Nana , Ishikura Kenji , Hamada Riku , Morisada Naoya , Iijima Kazumoto 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBartter syndrome (BS) and Gitelman syndrome (GS) are syndromes associated with congenital tubular dysfunction, characterized by hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. Clinically, BS is classified into two types: the severe antenatal/neonatal type, which develops during the fetal period with polyhydramnios and preterm delivery; and the relatively mild classic type, which is usually found during infancy with failure to thrive. GS can be clinically differentiated from BS by its age at onset, usually after school age, or laboratory findings of hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria. Recent advances in molecular biology have shown that these diseases can be genetically classified into type 1 to 5 BS and GS. As a result, it has become clear that the clinical classification of antenatal/neonatal BS, classic BS, and GS does not always correspond to the clinical symptoms associated with the genotypes in a one‐to‐one manner; and there is clinically no clear differential border between type 3 BS and GS. This has caused confusion among clinicians in the diagnosis of these diseases. It has been proposed that the disease name “inherited salt‐losing tubulopathy” can be used for cases of tubulopathies accompanied by hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. It is reasonable to use this term prior to genetic typing into type 1–5 BS or GS, to avoid confusion in a clinical setting. In this article, we review causative genes and phenotypic correlations, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for salt‐losing tubulopathy as well as the clinical characteristics of pseudo‐BS/GS, which can also be called a “salt‐losing disorder”.
Engagement in primary health care nurses: A cross‐sectional study in a Brazilian city
Authors: da Silva Albertina Gomes , Cabrera Eliana Márcia Sotello , Gazetta Cláudia Eli , Sodré Paula Canova , Castro Jussara Rossi , Cordioli Junior João Roberto , Cordioli Dezolina Franciele Cardin , Lourenção Luciano Garcia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveProfessional engagement is an indicator of the relationship between a nurse and the work environment and is an important factor in performance and productivity. The goal of this study was to evaluate levels of engagement among nurses in primary health care units.MethodsCross‐sectional study in a city of São Paulo state, Brazil, in 2017, using an instrument containing sociodemographic variables and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES).ResultsIn the sample of 75 nurses, the majority were female (94.7%), aged between 29 and 39 (52.0%), specialists (81.3%), married (57.3%), permanent employees (68.0%), working 40 hr per week (98.7%), and working in primary health care for 3–10 years (42.7%). Engagement levels were classified as high in all dimensions. Nurses who worked as managers presented a very high level of dedication; professionals aged 40 years or older presented very high levels in all dimensions (Dedication: 5.2; Absorption: 5.0; Vigor: 5.3; and Overall score: 5.1); and professionals with more than 10 years of experience in primary health care had very high levels in all dimensions (Dedication: 5.0; Absorption: 5.0; Vigor: 5.0; and Overall score: 5.0).ConclusionsNurses working in Brazil's primary health care system have high engagement and ability to act; they enhance team performance and quality and effectiveness of care provided.