bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Multiparameter Trends and Anthropometric Measurements for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Assessment Among UTM Staff
Authors: Muralitharan Latha Nair , Zahari Wan Nor Syuhada Wan , Rosli Nor Aziyatul Izni Mohd , Ismail Norjihada Izzah , Malarvili MB , Kadir Mohammed Rafiq Abdul 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is known to reduce metabolic-related diseases like cardiovascular diseases (CVD), obesity, hypertension, and type II diabetes. On the other hand, the gold standard to measure CRF is by measuring maximal oxygen consumption, VO2 max over the years. This study is performed to identify parameters that influence CRF without solely relying on invasive features such as VO2 max. A number of 31 UTM staff aged between 30 and 40 years old have participated in this study with 17 female subjects and 14 male subjects. Anthropometric measurements are obtained by direct measurement and body composition analysis using a body composition monitor. Multiparameter trend measurements were obtained from vital sign monitors at rest. Single feature analysis was performed in terms of accuracy, specificity and sensitivity to identify which feature influences CRF the most. The features collected are body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF), muscle mass (MM), bone density (BD), waist circumference (WC), resting heart rate (RHR), resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and recovery trend heart rate (RecHR). Next, all these features were validated using Naïve Bayes (NB) and Decision Tree (DT) classifiers. Finally, six features which are BF, BM, BD, RHR, RSBP and FEV1, with accuracy more than 70% were selected and identified as the features which influence CRF of UTM staff.
Design of Device to Monitor Asthma Severity Using Mainstream Technology while Administering Medication
Authors: Rosli Mohamad Haikal Bin Mohamad , Kumarasamy Rokini , Malarvili MB 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A CO2 measuring device is proposed based on a mainstream technique which would be able to classify the asthmatic condition while administering the medication to the patients. A SprintIR CO2 sensor is used for extracting CO2 concentration from the patient. In order to provide medication to the patient, a nebulizer is used that was combined together with the CO2 measuring device which is designed by the 3D computer-aided design (CAD) software where the design is printed using 3D printing machine. The device uses a facemask to channel the gases where it measures the types of conditions which are ‘No Asthma’, ‘Mild Asthma’ and ‘Severe Asthma’. The preliminary test results for 9 asthmatic patients and 10 non-asthmatic individuals shows that the device can measure their conditions successfully. Meanwhile, it can also deliver medication to the patients if the condition is ‘Severe Asthma’.
Control and energy analyses of a driving force-based aromatic mixture distillation columns sequence
Authors: Zahran M F I , Zubir M A , Rahimi A N , Shahruddin M Z , Ibrahim K A , Hamid M K A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To minimize the energy usage of distillation systems, past researchers have developed algorithms that exploit the driving force of distillation, which is the difference in vapour and liquid fractions due to relative volatilities. So far, little is known about the degree of controllability of the energy efficient solutions. This paper aims to ascertain that idea by applying a simple methodology on a common mixture as the case study. The methodology is made up of four stages: (1) feed information gathering, (2) sequence determination, (3) energy analysis and (4) controllability analysis. The controllability was analysed in terms of input-output interaction and resiliency using RGAno and MRI, respectively. From the application, it has been found that the sequence determined using driving force algorithm is the most optimal sequence overall, measured by the use of a multi-objective function.
Ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assistedextraction model for solvent design
Authors: Rahman Nur Rahilah Haji Abd , Yunus Nor Alafiza , Idris Ani , Mustaffa Azizul Azri 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Ionic liquid is a favourable solvent in separation process due to the vast possibilities of ionic liquid structures. Many researches showed that ionic liquid extract higheramount of phytochemicals compared to conventional solvents. Even better, ionic liquid extraction coupled with ultrasonic-assisted extraction produced higher yield and less hassle. Therefore, ionic liquid can be considered as a suitable solvent for herbal extraction. This study is a part of a solvent design framework to obtain an extraction process model. It focuses on the process of ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction of flavonoid and phenolic acid from Labisiapumila. A two level, four factor of central composite design (CCD) was employed to determine the effect of the process factors towards yield of flavonoid and phenolic acid extracted from the herb. The process factors are the temperature (Celsius), extraction time (min), power (W) and type of ionic liquid (based on their dielectric point). The extracted samples were analysed to determine the yield of flavonoid and phenolic acid. Two models were developed for flavonoid and phenolic acid extraction based on the optimization results. The models are important as yield prediction in solvent process performance stage of the development of ionic liquid design framework.
Analysis of Cementing Carbonation During Co2 Sequestration
Authors: Zakariya S , Yao Tee T , Sidek A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Effects of global warming are well-known to be caused by emissions of greenhouse gases. As an effort to alleviate the gases production, Capture and Sequestration (CCS) is implied in oil and gas practices where carbon dioxide gas (CO2) is captured from different emission sites and injected into geological formations. However, problems arised in sequestration projects as exposure of CO2 degraded the Portland-based cement in the wellbore. Consecutively, the cement cracked and leakage of CO2 contaminated the underground drinking water. Hence, this paper aims to understand the physical and chemical reaction between CO2 and Class G cement further. Class G cement was obtained from Schlumberger Kemaman Supply Base and tested with water according to American Petroleum Institute (API) standard which water to cement ratio was set to 0:44:1. All of the samples were exposed to CO2 for six, eight and ten days accordingly and analyzed with unconfined compression, Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) testings. Ten days of CO2 exposure towards Class G cement showed the lowest compressive strength as to be compared to other samples. Carbonation reaction between water and CO2 was diagnosed to take place causing the cement to loose its strength. FESEM analysis on the other hand showed that the surface of the sample were uneven with long-shaped crystals with supporting XRD data presented large number of calcium carbonate ((Ca(CO)3). Nevertheless, the unexposed sample showed the opposite result with highest value of compressive strain and large number of calcium hydroxide ((Ca(OH)2).
Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Palm Oil-Based Biodiesel in a Liquid Fuel Burner
Authors: Ahmad Amirul A , Jaafar Mohammad N M , Othman Norazila B , Azli Anis A M , Said Mazlan , Rahim Muhammad R , Malik Muhammad S A , Omar Wan Z W 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation of the combustion characteristics of palm oil methyl ester (POME) or called as biodiesel (B), in an open-ended combustion chamber or called as open-ended liquid fuel burner. The performance of conventional diesel fuel (CDF) and various percentages of POME and CDF, which are B10 (10% biodiesel) and B30 (30% biodiesel) were studied to evaluate their performance. Combustion temperature profile in the combustion chamber and exhaust emission concentrations such as NOx, CO and SO2 have been carried out using five different equivalent ratios such as Φ = 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4. The results show that as the biodiesel content increased, the emission significantly increased except for the NOx emission. It was also found that higher biodiesel content resulting faster combustion rate at near burner region, especially for Φ = 1.0 due to higher Cetane Number (CN) although the lower overall temperature profile produced compared to CDF alone. This proved the suitability of biodiesel for an enhanced transportation engine performance in the near future.
A Review of Facilities Information Requirements towards Enhancing Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Facilities Management (FM)
Authors: Muhammad M Z , Mustapa M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Building Information Modelling (BIM) for facilities management (FM) benefits the owner the most by increasing the value of information in their possession and the amount of Return on Investment (ROI). Research and application of BIM in FM are lagging behind similar efforts in design and construction. Information management is a major threat facing FM practice where the multidisciplinary activities demand extensive information requirements. Lack of accurate transmission of building information from the earlier stages of a building project to FM professionals leads to a significant loss in the quality of building information for operational needs, significant costs and rework, impedes the promotion of an automated FM practice integrated and a life-cycle oriented construction. This paper reviews current literature to gain an overview of the significant challenges to the demand and supply of critical data for FM in a BIM model. It also sought to understand efforts addressing these challenges to provide direction for facility information management at the project and organisational level.
Potential of Water Pipeline Bursting Using Stochastic Approach in Geographical Information System
Authors: Sukor A H , Amerudin S , Yusof Z M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A pipe bursting is one of the major problems in water distribution systems. This problem resulted in losses, particularly in water wastage or shortage and infrastructure damages. Furthermore, several organisation and authorities do not have systems or database for water management monitoring, leading to a difficulty in monitoring and update the condition of the pipeline. Geographical Information System (GIS) can help to develop a geospatial database for the water distribution network; to determine the high potential of pipe to be burst and identify the areas affected by the pipe failure. In this study, the potential of pipe to be burst is determined using a stochastic approach to get the probability of the potential failure, which based on four factors; age, pressure, material and diameter of the pipe. A valve isolation trace function from ArcGIS tool is then used to determine the area affected by the pipeline failure. Results from the analysis are to produce maps of high potential pipeline bursting and the affected areas. The findings could help the management to monitor the conditions of the water pipeline regularly, detecting early warning, preparation for the pipe’s replacement and notify the residents to make initial preparations if the pipe has a potential to burst.
Oil Well Detection System for Seismic Surveying Based on Internet of Things (IOT)
Authors: Puad Norsyazwani Mohd , Siraj Maheyzah Md. , Sulaiman Nur Rafeeqkha 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Seismic Surveying is a geophysical survey that was conducted to measure the physicals principle in earth’s geography like magnetic, gravitational and thermal. There are several simulations that have been produced to be used in oil and gas field, such as Petrel by Schlumberger and ECLIPSE. however, this simulation is confidential and cannot be used by individuals outside the company. Therefore, some of petroleum geologists are not able to use the simulations in their geology analysis. This issue is also experienced by students studying in this field as they are not able to access any simulations. Hence, making them not able to experience the real environment of the process for their future used. The existing software also do not analyse real time data, which will be covered in this project. Oil Well Detection System for Seismic Surveying is a web-based system that aims to analyse data for seismic surveying to give user better understanding on the process before conducting it in real life. This system also uses real time data in order to generate the result for the simulation. Users are able to generate the data in numeric data sets, 2D or 3D images. Notifications will be sent to users whenever there are data generating the best limestone result. This is to make sure that users have the best field for new oil reservoir and comparing the data of seismic surveying to make sure the best region to drill. The sensors technology will be used to detect the elements in limestone and send the data to user’s smartphones. Prototype Model Methodology is used throughout the development process alongside Firebase Cloud Database for storing information. This project will help petroleum geologists and students to experience the real time simulation in order to have better understanding about seismic surveying before conducting it in real life. They also can use it as study purposes as it is beneficial to students.
Named Entity Recognition of South China Sea Conflicts
Authors: Sulaiman Nur Rafeeqkha , Siraj Maheyzah Md , Din Mazura Mat 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Online news articles not only provide us with useful and reliable information and reports, it also eases information extraction and gathering for research purposes especially in Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML). The topics regarding the South China Sea have been popular lately due to the rise of conflicts between several countries claim on the islands in the sea. Gathering data through Internet and online sources proves to be easy, but to process a huge amount of data and to identify only useful information is no longer possible. Because of that, relevant information and the classification of news articles in relation to the conflicts need to be done. In this paper, a model is proposed to use NER that search for and classifies important information regarding to the conflicts. In order to do that, a combination of POS and NER are needed to extract meaningful information from the news. This study also aims to classify conflict related news by using Conditional Random Field (CRF) algorithm as classification method by training and testing the data.
Exploring Social Media User Emotions And Emoticons Use Among Malaysia Universities
Authors: Mukhktar Mohamad Alif Fikri , Ismail Nor Azman , Majid Hairudin Abdul , Razak Mohd Sharul Hafiz 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Expressing emotions through Twitter has been the norm to social media users especially university students. Emoticons has been used in their Tweet to represents their emotions to current issue. Emolyzer has been used to extract the Tweet of five active Malaysia universities community Twitter account which are USM, UTM, UKM, UiTM and UUM. With a variety of emoticons, people find it interesting as there are so many emoticons to symbolize different emotions. Different social media may differ in emoticons used, so the observation of frequently used emoticons in Twitter is a must. These emoticons are then categorized into happy, sad, annoying, angry and surprise. As a result, each different sentiment between these five universities can be compared. The study shows that USM has the highest percentage of happy while UiTM has the highest percentage of sad. This finding can be used to guide universities social media administrator to strategize in content strategy in social media.
Consideration of Educational Tools and Methods of Software Engineering Education for non-CSE Students
Authors: Hayashi Hidehiko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), one of the important issues is to educate software engineering not only to computer sience and engineering (CSE) students who specialize in information but also to non-CSE students who major in humanities and society and so on. It is not only for gaining a job in developing and operating digital technology and systems, but also for solving many social problems such as sustainable development goals (SDGs) and also leading to ethics such as human happiness. It is necessary to combine all kinds of knowledge such as science, engineering, humanities, social science, etc. in order to solve complex social problems. Students majoring in humanities and society do not have enough knowledge and skills in engineering like first year student, so they need educational tools and methods to learn software engineering smoothly. In this case study, we conducted to combine the Learning Management System (LMS) of communication function which is a share tool by digital approach and Idea-sketching for idea generation by analog approach such as pen and paper. The classes for humanities and social sience students who are not good at computer operation have found that they learn smoothly. As contribution of this study, it suggested a possibility effective as an educational tools and methods for first year students majoring in computer science as well as students majoring humanities and social science.
Comparison of Lecturers’ Epistemological Beliefs in Teaching Electromagnetic Theory
Authors: Bakar M S , Mohd Yusof K , Rahman N F A , Mohd Kassim N , Ibrahim M H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This research was conducted to compare the epistemological beliefs of two lecturers in teaching Electromagnetic Theory course. The two lecturers were selected based on their experiences in teaching the course at a University in Malaysia. A series of interviews were conducted, audio recorded and transcribed. The data were analysed using thematic analysis approach. The research found that based on the Yu and Strobel framework of the epistemological beliefs, only a few items within the constructs were undefined and most of the items meet the learning environments.
IoT Based Noise Monitoring System (NOMOS)
Authors: Badruddin M B , Hamid S Z A , Rashid R A , Hamsani S N M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Presently, noise pollution has become a very big issue around the world. The adverse effects of this pollution include hearing impairment, negative social behavior, annoyance, sleep disturbance and intelligibility to understand people’s speech. In learning context, noise can affect understanding and behavior of people and places with high noise level are not suitable for learning and teaching process. Internet of Things (IoT) technology is one of the best choices to monitor the noise or sound intensity in the environment for the safety of human being. The aim of this paper is to deliver a development of an IoT based noise monitoring system comprises of a sound sensor, an IoT platform called NodeMCU, LCD and LEDs. The system will provide a real-time alert if the noise exceeds the threshold noise limit set by Environmental Department of Health standard. Equipped with an Android application, the data from the sound sensor will be transferred into the cloud server and subsequently transferred into the app for display and to enable remote monitoring. A case study is carried out using the developed prototype to ascertain the noise comfort for Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) students for studying or learning purpose. The sound level is measured for two different days during weekend and weekday. Based on Charted Institution of Building Service Engineers (CIBSE), 60dBA is the permissible ambient level and any readings that above 60dBA can interrupt speech intelligibility. From the research, the suitable time for students to study for weekend is all day starting from morning until midnight. As for weekday, the most suitable time to study is during midnight. These justifications are made based on the readings of the sound level.
Current usage by a DC motor to vary ratio in an electro-mechanical continuously variable transmission
Authors: Delhaise L J , Mazali I I , Daud Z H C , Kob M S C , Asus Z 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In a typical continuously variable transmission (CVT) for automotive, engine torque is transmitted from the primary pulley (connected to the vehicle’s engine) to the secondary pulley (connected to the wheels) through a metal pushing V-belt. The CVT ratio (rCVT
) is defined as the pitch radius of the belt on the secondary pulley divided by the pitch radius on the primary pulley. Conventionally, rCVT
is varied using hydraulic pressure generated by an oil pump which is powered by the engine. A continuous hydraulic pressure is required to maintain high clamping force applied on the belt so that sufficient traction between the belt and the pulleys can always be provided. This requirement, unfortunately, causes significant power losses in the CVT and to address this, the idea of electro-mechanical CVT (EM CVT) is proposed. In an EM CVT, rCVT
is varied using a power screw mechanism and a DC motor while the desired ratio and the belt’s clamping force is maintained using the thread of the power screw mechanism, consequently eliminating the aforementioned issue. This paper describes the process of measuring the current used by a DC motor to vary rCVT
in an EM CVT. The results show that the current usage is higher during upshifting from rCVT
of 1.95 to 1.43 (about 45 A) as compared to downshifting from 1.43 to 1.95 (about 23 A). This is due to the application of disc springs in the secondary pulley that reduces the required motor torque for downshifting. The results also prove that no current is consumed by the motor during a constant rCVT
. In conclusion, the motor’s current usage has been successfully measured and the results can be used for a future development of the EM CVT’s battery system.
Study of multi-cell thin-walled tube with various configuration under lateral loading
Authors: Sofi M I M , Chow Z P , Wong K J , Ahmad Z 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Thin-walled structure is one of the common structures that is widely used as an energy absorber due to inexpensive, high availability and lightweight. Moreover, the multi-cell structure is known as a useful method to elevate the effectiveness of thin-walled structures in crashworthiness. Energy absorber performance of multi-cell thin-walled tube structure is known to be greater than the single thin-walled tube. This is due to the limitation of plastic hinge zones of single tube during lateral loading condition. This paper presents the effect of multi-cell configuration on energy absorption responses under lateral loading condition. Experiment and numerical approach were used in this research. The validation of finite element model (FEM) was conducted by comparing the load-displacement responses and deformation mode of a quasi-static compression test. Multi-cell configuration study was performed to identify the energy absorption performance of multi-cell thin-walled tube with different arrangements. The results reveal that an increasing number of cells will increase the energy absorption capacity of multi-cell structure. The additional number of tube cells contribute to the increases of the contact joint between each tube consequently this generate additional permanent plastic-hinges.