bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep disturbances in patient with chronic nasal obstruction due to nasal polyp: a prospective study
Authors: Giri Dhiraj , Salud Duane L. 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal obstruction is thought to be a major cause of sleep impairment. Typical sleep-related problems seen with nasal polyp include snoring, sleep-disordered breathing and sleep apnoea. The impact of nasal polyposis on quality of life is well studied however its effects on sleep have been less well studied. In the current study, we aim to investigate sleep disturbances in Filipino patients with nasal polyposis using different sleep questionnaires VAS score for snoring, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) for daytime sleepiness and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) for sleep quality and the effect of endoscopic sinus surgery on sleep quality.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective, non-randomized study was done in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of Southern Philippines Medical Center from February 2014 to July 2014. Number of 18 patients with chronic nasal obstruction for more than 6months due to nasal polyps at least grade II on endoscopic examination were included in the study. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score for snoring, ESS for daytime somnolence and PSQI for quality of sleep was compared preoperatively and 1month postoperatively. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean value of VAS score for snoring, mean value of excessive daytime sleepiness measured by ESS and mean PSQI score for sleep quality improved significantly with p&lt;0.001 after endoscopic sinus surgery.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Nasal polyp patients mostly present with nasal obstruction, snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness. Correction of nasal obstruction significantly improves snoring and sleep quality. After endoscopic sinus surgery, patients may experience improvement in snoring and have better sleep quality with decreased daytime sleepiness.</p>
Epidemiological profile of oral cancers in Benin
Authors: Hounkpatin Spéro H. Raoul , Bouraima Fatiou Alabi , Flatin Marius Claude , Balle Marie-Claire , Brun Luc Valere C. 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to study the epidemiological profile of malignant tumours of the oral cavity in Benin from January 2009 to 31 December 2014.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that examined cancers of the oral cavity collected in the registers of the 5 anatomy and pathology laboratories in Benin as well as the only hospital in the country that sends its requests for histological examinations abroad. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> With a rate of 19.8%, oral cavity cancer was the most frequent cancer localization in the ENT, head and neck sphere in Benin. The most frequent sites of cancers in the oral cavity were the palate (32.2%) followed by the tongue (25.4%) and the inner face of the cheeks (16.9%). The average age of the patients was 53.18±20.60 years with extremes of 1 year and 90 years. The sex ratio was 0.90. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological type with 67.80%.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Cancer of the oral cavity must be a priority for health authorities in Benin. Research must be initiated to determine the factors that contribute to it.</p>
Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and high frequency ultrasonography in carcinoma of tongue and its clinicopathological correlation: a prospective study
Authors: Mir Javed A. , Masoodi Sanober M. , Rashid Tajamul , Masoodi Suhail M. 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Carcinoma of oral tongue has a high propensity for cervical node metastasis. The thicker the tumour, the higher would be the risk of nodal metastasis and locoregional recurrence. Ultrasonography is used for evaluation of carcinoma tongue and tumour thickness and has a high correlation with histopathological findings.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Our study is a comparative prospective study conducted on 30 patients of carcinoma tongue. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan and ultrasonography. The findings of MRI and ultrasound were correlated with clinical and pathological findings.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> MRI had a better correlation with histopathology for primary tumour characteristics and nodal assessment than ultrasonography. Ultrasound with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.809 correlated better than MRI for tumour thickness. Tumour thickness of &gt;5 mm was associated with 27.2% nodal positivity rate whereas no patient with primary tumour thickness &lt;5 mm had node positive disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Ultrasonography has a high correlation with histopathological thickness. Ultrasound thus seems to be an optimal technique in early stage, node negative tongue cancer for evaluation of tumour thickness and predict nodal status. </p>
Role of silicone stenting in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Jahan Abdussalam M. , Eldanfur Yousef M. , Ghuzi Abdulhakim B. 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical procedure performed to relief nasolacrimal duct obstruction, which involves the creation of ostium at the lacrimal bone to form a shunt in the nasolacrimal pathway. Closure of the rhinostomy opening was considered a major factor for surgical failure. Use of silicone stent in endoscopic DCR to improve the success rate of the operation have been tried by many surgeons. In this study we assess the success rates of endoscopic DCR with and without silicone stents.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective study includes 30 patients were operated in the Department of ENT, Misrata Medical Center, from April 2017 to March 2018. They underwent endonasal endoscopic DCR for primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction.<strong> </strong>These patients were randomly divided in two groups: A and B with 15 patients in each group. The group A patients underwent endoscopic DCR with silicone stent and group B patients underwent endoscopic DCR without stent. The results were statistically analyzed by chi-square test. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 30 patients were included in this study, their age ranged from 17 to 60 years, complaining of epiphora, 24 (80%) were females and 6 (20%) were males. The success rate was higher in patients with silicone stent (93.33%) as compared to patients without silicone stent (86.67%) but this difference in the results is not statistically significant (As p value is 0.542 which is &gt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Endoscopic DCR is safe, successful procedure for treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction and there was no significant difference in the success rates of performing endonasal DCR with silicone or without silicone stents.</p>
Comparison of mastoid obliteration with middle temporal artery flap versus open cavity: a comparative study
Authors: Swami Himanshu , Arjun A. P. , Bhat Sweekritha N. 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective was to study the outcomes of the canal wall down (CWD) mastoidectomy patients in those with soft canal wall reconstruction by using middle temporal artery (MTA) flap in comparison to those with cavity left open.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study of 20 patients undergoing CWD surgery was done with 10 in each group of mastoid obliteration and open cavity. The outcomes were studied at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post-surgery. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> At the final assessment of 12 months post op, the obliteration group had only 10% patients with grade 1 infection while open cavity group had 40% with grade 2 infection. Obliteration of mastoid cavity and reconstruction of canal wall with soft tissue MTA flap gave excellent control of infection.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The MTA flap is highly flexible and versatile for otologic reconstruction with an excellent arc of rotation and robust blood supply. It does not have the issues of resorption, dehiscence or fistula formation faced in other obliteration techniques.</p>
Outcomes of type III tympanoplasty: our experience
Authors: C. Ravishankar , Bandadka Ramya 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Type III tympanoplasty involves complete disease clearance from middle ear cleft and retaining or improving the serviceable hearing by ossiculoplasty. Various auto and allografts have been used with variable outcomes. The objective of the study was to evaluate hearing improvement and healing of cavity in patients who underwent type III tympanoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective chart review of 21 patients who underwent type III tympanoplasty at Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital from January 2018 to December 2018 was done. In 7 patients autologous incus, 6 tragal cartilage and 8 teflon prosthesis was used for ossiculoplasty. Intra and postoperative events were assessed. Pure tone audiograms done after 3 and 6 months were compared. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 15 patients who underwent canal wall down procedure (CWDP) had a mean hearing gain of 20.33 dB and 26.67 dB while in 5 patients of canal wall up procedure (CWUP) group mean hearing gain was 22.5 dB and 27.5 dB at 3 and 6 months after surgery respectively. Hearing gain was similar in both groups irrespective of the prosthesis used. Autologous materials were used in most of the CWUP with intact stapes and teflon prosthesis was used in majority of CWDP where only mobile stapes foot plate was present. Prosthesis extrusion was not encountered in any of our cases so far in this series.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The post-operative hearing gain with autologous incus, tragal cartilage and teflon middle ear prosthesis are similar. Teflon prosthesis is an effective material for ossiculoplasty, especially useful when incus and stapes are absent while autologous incus or tragal cartilage are preferred in cases with intact stapes head.</p>
Evaluation of eustachian tube function in chronic suppurative otitis media with reference to its treatment outcome
Authors: Gupta Sucheta , Goel Mohit , Jamwal Padam Singh 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The study was undertaken to find out Eustachian tube function in safe type of chronic suppurative otitis media and to study the comparison of graft uptake in normal, partially impaired and grossly impaired Eustachian tube function in safe type of chronic suppurative otitis media.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck surgery, Sri Maharaja Gulab Singh Hospital, Jammu during the period from November 2016 to October 2017. Patients were diagnosed clinically and also audiometrically by pure tone audiometry and impedance audiometry. Eustachian tube function test- Toynbee test was done in all the patients. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 20 patients with normal Eustachian tube function, 19(95%) showed graft uptake. Out of 20 patients with partially impaired Eustachian tube function, 18 (90%) showed graft uptake. Out of 20 patients with grossly impaired Eustachian tube functions 13 (65%) showed graft uptake. Comparison of mean values of pre and post- operative air-bone (AB) gap with respect to normal, partially impaired and grossly impaired Eustachian tube functions is highly significant statistically with (p&lt;0.001).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> As seen in our study, functioning Eustachian tube is an important requirement for optimum outcome of myringoplasty. Testing the functions of Eustachian tube before surgery provides a possibility of predicting the possible outcome of myringoplasty or tymapanoplasty. This is also concluded that a partially functioning Eustachian tube should not be considered to be a contraindication to these surgeries as in many of these cases graft uptake and AB gap closure was good (90%).</p>
A prospective study of deviated nasal septum giving rise to other ENT pathologies
Authors: Kumar S. Ranga Pradheep , Patel Seema V. 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The deviated nasal septum (DNS) is a commonly occurring clinical condition that often causes nasal obstruction. This study, included two groups of subjects 100 each. The group A consists of subjects having DNS with nasal symptoms. The group B consists of subjects having DNS without nasal symptoms but with ear and throat symptoms. The present study makes an effort to review the types and its associated pathology.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was carried out in the Department of ENT, Government Medical College and Hospital, Nagpur from September 2016 to October 2018. Data was collected and analysed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age 31.17 years in group A and 30.07 years in group B, with male to female ratio of 1.17:1 in group A and 1.04:1 in group B. Left-sided septal deviation was more common than right-sided deviation. The most common symptoms in group A was nasal obstruction (94%) and in group B was otorrhoea (80%)."C" shaped DNS was the most common type in both the groups. Out of total 200 subjects comprising both the groups, 70 (35%) subjects had significant sinonasal disease, 138 (69%) subjects had ear pathology, 69 (34.5%) had Eustachian tube dysfunction, 35 (17.5%) had throat pathology. In this study, “S” shaped deviation was more prone to be associated with ENT pathology.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> “S” shaped DNS was maximally associated with sinonasal pathology and there was a high correlation between the side of septal deviation to the side of ear pathology, particularly in asymptomatic DNS.</p><p> </p>
Correlation of clinical, radiological and histopathological cervical lymph node involvement in oral cancer
Authors: Narayana Mada Lakshmi , Kumarguru B. N. , Arafath A. Hameed , Gaur Urvashi , Lakshmi P. , Sravani Addanki Lakshmi 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Lymph node metastasis is the most important factor in the prognosis of oral cancers and survival drops by 50% in the presence of malignant lymph nodes. Most of the lymph node enlargement in oral cancers is due to tumor-associated inflammation rather than metastasis. The aim and objectives of the study was to assess the enlarged reactive and positive cervical lymph nodes clinically and radiologically with the histopathology of neck nodes.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All the oral cancer patients were examined clinically for enlarged neck nodes and subjected to contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) oral cavity and neck. In CECT, all the characteristics of nodes were recorded, and after neck dissection, all levels of lymph nodes were assessed histopathologically. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In our study, 24 patients were included; among them, 31 enlarged lymph nodes were seen clinically. CECT showed a total of 90 enlarged lymph nodes which includes 21 positive nodes. In histopathology 538 lymph nodes were isolated, and among them, only 32 lymph nodes were found to be positive for malignancy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The detection rate of enlarged lymph nodes is more with histopathology than radiological and clinical examination. In our study, 94% of lymph node enlargement was proven to be reactive, which shows more tumor-associated inflammation.</p>
A comparative study of endoscopic and microscopic myringoplasty in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Kavathur Viswanathan , Anchery Vineeth Abraham 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Myringoplasty is the procedure done to repair the tympanic membrane perforation. In this study we aimed to compare the results of endoscopic myringoplasty and microscopic tympanoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 patients with central perforation of tympanic membrane and dry ear of minimum 6 months were divided into two groups of 25 each. The even serial numbers were subjected to microscopic myringoplasty through post aural route and odd serial numbers were subjected to endoscopic myringoplasty done through endomeatal route. Both the procedures were done under general anaesthesia. Dried temporalis fascia graft was used and follow up till 1 year post op. Air-bone gap closure, average time taken for surgery, success and failure rates, scar evaluation by doctor and patient along with postoperative return to routine activity were compared. The p value was calculated to find out statistical significance. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Post operatively the average air-bone gap reduced to 12.6 dB in endoscopic group and 14.28 dB in microscopic group. There was no statistical significant difference in the time taken for both the procedures. There was significant difference in the assessment of postoperative scar and number of days taken for return to routine activity. The success and failure rates of both the procedures were also found to be comparable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study showed that the success rates and average time taken for the procedures were the same for both the techniques but a better cosmetic appeal and considerably fewer days for return to routine activity by the patients who underwent endoscopic procedure.</p>
Prospective evaluation of chronic rhinosinusitis with reference to anatomical variation
Authors: . Sindhura , Kandipilli Mamatha Devi , Shaik Ali , Ramana Venkata 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Rhinosinusitis is one of the commonest sinonasal condition with chronic Rhinosinusitis affecting 10% of population worldwide. Although the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis is clinical, the final diagnosis should be confirmed by objective measures like radiography and nasal endoscopy. Though anatomical variations in sinonasal region are rare, they have significant impact in the causation of sinonasal diseases and pose difficulties during surgery.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a prospective study conducted on 60 patients who attended to the Department of ENT and HNS, Konaseema Institute of Medical Science, Amalapuram between December 2017 to July 2019. By considering AAO-HNS criteria patients were selected and subjected to high resolution computerized tomography para nasal sinuses and diagnostic nasal endoscopy. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> As per study, 60% patients are having deviated nasal septum, followed by aggar nasi in 58.3%, concha bullosa in 26.8%, Haller cells in 11.7%, paradoxical middle turbinate in 11.7%, uncinate pneumatisation in 5%, and onodi cells in 5% of cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Anatomical variations in sinonasal cavity predispose to chronic rhinosinusitis and hence require correction. Also, detecting these variations preoperatively by computed tomography of paranasal sinus helps in avoiding complications during functional endoscopic sinus surgery.</p>
A study of complications of chronic suppurative otitis media at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Parmar Bhagirathsinh D. , Jha Sushil , Sinha Vikas , Chaudhury Nirav , Dave Gavendra 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a still common disease in developing country and is found sometimes difficult to treat. Different complications can develop inspite of availability of higher antibiotics. In pre-antibiotic era, complications of acute otitis media and CSOM were very common and lead to high mortality. Inspite of initial decline in the complication of CSOM due to higher antibiotics, the incidences are still on rise. CSOM remains a serious disease, particularly in developing countries and CSOM-related complications are still found life-threatening. The aim and objective was to study various clinical presentations and management of CSOM related complications.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> All patients of chronic supurrative otitis media with intra or extracranial complication who were admitted in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck surgery, Sir. T. General Hospital, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar from July 2015 to December 2018 was included in this study. Data of clinical presentation, associated complication, management, and follow-up were analysed. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 250 patients of CSOM admitted during these 3 years in ENT Department, 36 patients presented with CSOM related complications. 15 patients presented with intracranial complications and 21 patients presented with extracranial complications.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Inspite of availability of higher antibiotics, CSOM related complications are still common. In all the patients require higher intravenous antibiotics (which crosses blood brain barrier) followed by mastoid surgeries.</p>
Is it wrong for doctors to be human? Can resident doctors learn to function with less sleep?
Authors: Maan Arvinder Singh , Sandhu Kulwinder Singh , Thomas Oshin , Singh Jagdeepak 
Published: January 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Medical residency programs are traditionally supposed to be having long working hours, which can be associated with a poor quality of sleep and resultant daytime sleepiness. This poses threat to both physician and patient. This study has an alarming importance in recent scenario, where India is witnessing growing incidents of assaults against resident doctors. We evaluated the subjective sleep quality, day time sleepiness, satisfaction with life, stress, anxiety and depression and their association with subjective sleep quality amongst the residents on their off-duty days and also compared these findings amongst various departments of our institution.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross-sectional study was conducted among 77 first year resident doctors of Government Medical College, Amritsar during the period from May 2018 to March 2019. The tools used for assessment were Pittsburgh sleep quality index, Epworth sleepiness scale, the satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) and depression, anxiety and stress scale-21 questionnaire. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Our results indicated that 71.43% residents were poor sleepers. 53.24% residents had day time sleepiness of which 46.75% had excessive day time sleepiness. 40.26% residents had mild to moderate stress, 44.16% had mild to moderate anxiety, 31.16% residents suffered from depression of which 18.18% residents suffered moderate to severe depression. 90.91% residents were satisfied with their life on applying SWLS. Poor sleep quality was perceived greatly by the resident doctors in our public hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Understanding the potential impacts of fatigue on resident physicians performance /safety and using this knowledge to optimize shift-duty schedule may reduce the risks to both doctors and patients.</p>