bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EUS-guided fiducial placement for pancreatobiliary malignancies: safety, infection risk, and use of peri-procedural antibiotics
Authors: Chandnani Madhuri , Faisal Mir Fahad , Glissen-Brown Jeremy , Sawhney Mandeep , Pleskow Douglas , Cohen Jonah , Berzin Tyler M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Chemoradiation with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is increasingly being used for optimal treatment of locally advanced pancreatobiliary cancers. Fiducial markers are used to track these tumors during SBRT. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is the preferred route for fiducial marker placement for ease of access to pancreatobiliary structures and accurate placement. Here we evaluate the safety and infection risk associated with EUS-guided fiducial placement for pancreatobiliary malignancies and use of peri-procedural prophylactic antibiotics.
Patients and methods This was a retrospective, single-center study including consecutive patients presenting for EUS-guided fiducial placement in pancreatobiliary region by three expert interventional endoscopists for SBRT from July 2010 to February 2018 at a tertiary care center. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, EUS technique, fiducials, use of prophylactic antibiotics, adverse events (AEs) and SBRT/Cyberknife administration were reported.
Results A total of 355 patients with pancreatobiliary malignancy underwent EUS-guided fiducial placement, of whom 308 patients (86.76 %) successfully underwent SBRT. Of the patients, 304 (85.63 %) received peri-procedural prophylactic antibiotic. Of 355 total patients, 5.9 % (n = 21) were noted to develop AEs (mild to severe) with no significant difference in incidence of infection with or without use of peri-procedural prophylactic antibiotic. Only three patients developed infectious AEs, none of which were definitively related to fiducial placement.
Conclusion EUS-guided fiducial placement for pancreatobiliary malignancy is safe and efficacious, and risk of infection is rare, regardless of whether or not peri-procedural antibiotics are used. We favor limiting routine use of peri-procedural antibiotics for patients undergoing EUS-guided fiducial placement in pancreaticobiliary malignancy.
Orbitale Amyloidose – Vergleich zweier unterschiedlicher klinischer Verläufe
Authors: Kesper Christiane , Viestenz Arne , Siebolts Udo , Wickenhauser Claudia , Sieker Frank , Huth Andrea , Heichel Jens 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die primär lokalisierte orbitale Amyloidose (PLOA) ist ein sehr seltenes Krankheitsbild und muss gegenüber einer systemischen Amyloidose abgegrenzt werden. Im Gegensatz zu der isolierten Manifestation kann ein systemischer Befall mit potenziell lebensbedrohlichen Folgen einhergehen. Aber auch der isolierte Befall der Orbita kann zu schwerwiegenden ophthalmologischen Komplikationen führen.
Material und Methoden Es werden 2 Fälle einer PLOA beschrieben und die notwendige ophthalmologische, internistische und histopathologische Diagnostik erläutert.
Ergebnisse Der 1. Fall handelt von einer 71-jährigen Patientin mit einer PLOA, die sich als eine gelbliche, leicht höckerige, subkonjunktivale Prominenz im nasal unteren Quadranten ohne weitere ophthalmologische Auffälligkeiten präsentierte. Die Patientin war beschwerdefrei. Eine systemische Manifestation wurde ausgeschlossen. Im Follow-up über 4 Jahre kam es zu einer langsamen Progression, okuläre Komplikationen traten nicht auf. Der 2. Fall beschreibt einen 72-jährigen Patienten mit einer PLOA der temporal oberen Bulbuszirkumferenz mit sonst ähnlichem klinischem Bild wie bei Fall 1, bei dem es im Krankheitsverlauf jedoch zu multiplen ophthalmologischen Komplikationen (Ptosis, Protrusio bulbi, Diplopie, Sekundärglaukom, perforiertes Hornhautulkus bei neurotropher Keratopathie) kam. Mehrfach wurde eine perforierende Keratoplastik durchgeführt. Durch eine Radiatio konnte eine Befundstagnation erreicht werden, das Follow-up liegt bei 4 Jahren.
Schlussfolgerung Die PLOA kann zu visus- und bulbusbedrohenden Komplikationen führen. Eine exakte Diagnosestellung ist für das weitere diagnostische und therapeutische Vorgehen ausgesprochen wichtig, um potenziellen lokalen und systemischen Komplikationen entgegenzuwirken. Interindividuell verschiedene Verläufe sind dabei zu berücksichtigen.
A study on variations of foramen transversarium of cervical vertebrae
Authors: Murugan Magi , Verma Suman 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: Foramen transversarium of cervical vertebra is a bony enclosure for the vertebral artery. These foramina are known to exhibit variations in size, shape and may be multiple in number or absent. The aim of this study is to record these variations of foramen transversarium of cervical vertebrae. Material and methods: This study was carried out on 150 cervical vertebrae available in the department of anatomy at Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences. Results: Among 150 cervical vertebrae, 19 vertebrae were found to possess double foramina transversaria. Among these 15 were typical and four were atypical vertebrae. Among 15 typical cervical vertebra 12 (80%) had double foramina on right side, one (6.6%) on left side and two (13.3%) bilaterally. Among four atypical vertebra three (75%) possessed double foramina on right side and one (25%) bilaterally. In one typical vertebra there was an enmeshed foramen. Conclusions: The knowledge of these variations is important for radiologists in interpreting computed tomographs and magnetic resonance images.
Morphological and morphometrical study of placenta in normal and hypertensive pregnancies.
Authors: Gowda Pushpa , KS Jayanthi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and Aim: Placenta is the main channel in utero, through which the fetus receives its nutrition from the mother. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are fairly common and affect the growth and development of the placenta and fetus in many ways. Knowledge of these changes in placenta due to hypertension in pregnancy is essential as many of these changes can be diagnosed prenatally by available techniques to improve the fetal outcome and reduce perinatal morbidity and mortality. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted to note the morphometrical and morphological parameters in the placenta of normal and hypertensive pregnancies and to correlate them with fetal outcome. The study was done on 30 placentae as control group, obtained after delivery of normotensive women and 30 placentae as study group, which were obtained after delivery of hypertensive mothers which included chronic hypertension, pre eclampsia and eclampsia. The placental specimens were collected from the department of obstetrics and gynecology, KIMS, Bangalore and new bom parameters were taken from their records. Results: The placental morphometrical parameters were significantly less in hypertensive group as compared to the control group. The mean placental weight was 458.33±70.47 gms; mean placental surface area was 215.82±27.83 sqcms, the mean placental volume was 583.67+66.21 cc and mean decidual thickness was 2.50 ±0.24 cms in hypertensive group while in the control group the values were 561.67±77.33 gms, 241.91±37.23 sqcms, 674.00±88.50 cc and 2.83±0.34 cms respectively. The mean birth weight (kg) of newborn was 2.92 ± 0.45 in control group and it was and 2.47 ±0.40 in hypertensive group. Conclusion: Thus hypertensive disorders of pregnancy affects the placenta in a major way by decreasing its weight, surface area, thickness and volume and by increasing pathological changes like placental infarcts and calcified areas which adversely affect fetal parameters like weight and APGAR score.
Self-Management Behaviors of Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Comparing Two Sources of Patient-Generated Data
Authors: Karway George , Grando Maria Adela , Grimm Kevin , Groat Danielle , Cook Curtiss , Thompson Bithika 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objectives This article aims to evaluate adult type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) self-management behaviors (SMBs) related to exercise and alcohol on a survey versus a smartphone app to compare self-reported and self-tracked SMBs, and examine inter- and intrapatient variability.
Methods Adults with T1DM on insulin pump therapy were surveyed about their alcohol, meal, and exercise SMBs. For 4 weeks, participants self-tracked their alcohol, meal, and exercise events, and their SMBs corresponding with these events via an investigator-developed app. Descriptive statistics and generalized linear mixed-effect models were used to analyze the data
Results Thirty-five participants self-tracked over 5,000 interactions using the app. Variability in how participants perceived the effects of exercise and alcohol on their blood glucose was observed. The congruity between SMBs self-reported on the survey and those self-tracked with the app was measured as mean (SD). The lowest congruity was for alcohol and exercise with 61.9% (22.7) and 66.4% (20.2), respectively. Congruity was higher for meals with 80.9% (21.0). There was significant daily intra- and interpatient variability in SMBs related to preprandial bolusing: recommended bolus, p < 0.05; own bolus choice, p < 0.01; and recommended basal adjustment, p < 0.01.
Conclusion This study highlights the variability in intra- and interpatient SMBs obtained through the use of a survey and app. The outcomes of this study indicate that clinicians could use both one-time and every-day assessment tools to assess SMBs related to meals. For alcohol and exercise, further research is needed to understand the best assessment method for SMBs. Given this degree of patient variability, there is a need for an educational intervention that goes beyond the traditional “one-size-fits-all” approach of diabetes management to target individualized treatment barriers.
Average dimensions of the vessels at the base of the brain and the embryological basis of its variations
Authors: S. Iqbal 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: The cerebral circulation is constantly maintained by the anastomotic circle of Willis which is often anomalous in more than 50% of the normal adult brains. These anomalies increase the risk of the stroke and transient ischemic attack in older patients. Adequate blood flow through the circle of Willis is often necessary to prevent these ischemic infarctions. The anomalies of cerebral vessels are directly related to the differential growth of various parts of the brain. A detailed knowledge of the individual measurements of the cerebral arteries is useful to neurosurgeon in planning the shunt operations and in the choice of their patients. The present study is aimed to analyze the average dimensions of the vessels at the base of brain and an attempt to explain the common form of variations in terms of embryological development. Materials and methods: Fifty adult cadaveric brains were obtained from routine cadaveric dissections. The base of the brain with the circle of Willis was fixed in 10% formalin and preserved. The circle was analyzed for variations in the size, length and number of the component vessels and any asymmetry in the configuration. The dimensions of the vessels forming the circle were measured using graduated calipers. The observations were recorded and tabulated. Results: Asymmetry was observed in 10% to 36% of the circles in this study. Anomalies were more common in the posterior than in the anterior part of the circle. The posterior anomalies included hypoplastic vessels, absent vessels and embryonic derivation while anterior anomalies were predominantly of accessory vessels. Middle cerebral artery exhibited the least variations. In majority of the circles, left sided vessels were larger in diameter than the right. Conclusions: Variations are more common in the posterior than in the anterior part of the circle and on the right than on the left side of the brain. There was no correlation between the variations of circle of Willis of the right side and the left cerebral dominance. There seems to be no difference between races, concerning the anatomic variations of the brain circulation.
A study on superficial veins of upper limb
Authors: TK Vasudha 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: It is quite common to find many variations in the distribution of superficial veins in the body. Veins of the upper limbs are variable in number and position. The superficial veins are clinically important and are used for venaepuncture, transfusion and cardiac catheterization. Aim: The present study was mainly concentrated on cephalic, basilic and median cubital veins. The purpose of this study is to review the origin, course, termination and variations of these veins, as these veins play an important role in diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical procedures. Material and methods: The material used for the present study included twentyfive cadavers, from the department of Anatomy, Narayana Medical College (NMC), Nellore, and one hundred first MBBS students of NMC, Nellore. The data obtained from present study was compared with similar studies available in literature. Result: The various patterns of venous anastomoses observed in cubital fossa could be grouped into five types ie., Type I to Type V. Type I -was found in 88% of the cadavers and in 96% of living subjects. Type II -was found in 4% of the cadavers, Type III- in 2% of cadavers, and 4% of living subjects, Type IV- was found in 4% of cadavers, ans Type V- in 2% of living subjects. Conclusion: Knowledge of the patterns of superficial veins in cubital fossa is essential for clinicians, since they play an important role in diagnostic as well as therapeutic procedures.
A study of nutrient foramina in dry adult radii of South Indian subjects
Authors: Rangasubhe Pramod , Sivan Sheela 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Vascular insults to the radius either during fracture dislocation or during surgical correction of fracture may result in delayed healing or non-union of fracture. It is useful to find the number, location and size of nutrient foramina. The knowledge regarding nutrient foramina helps to protect them during conservative operative procedures of the bone, thus to concentrate upon the viability of the fractured segments. Objectives : To observe the location of nutrient foramina with reference to the different segments of shaft of radius, to note variations in number, direction and size of nutrient foramina. Further to examine if a correlation exists between the length of radius and number of nutrient foramina. Materials and methods : The study was undertaken on 100 dry normal adult radii. Observations were made using Hepburn's osteometric board and hypodermic needles of different gauges. Statistical methods (SPSS) were used to analyze these observations. Results : The common site of location of diaphyseal nutrient foramina in radius was in upper third of shaft on anterior surface. Majority of nutrient foramina were of medium size and directed upward obliquely. Conclusions : The study will help in planning the surgical treatment of radius which will possibly reduce the post-operative complications.
Biomechanical Substantiation of the Strength and Stiffness of a Hip Joint Capsule Defect Fixation with Polypropylene Mesh
Authors: Maslennikov Serhii Olegovich , Panchenko Serhii Pavlovich , Golovakha Maxim Leonidovich 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Formulation of the problem Dislocation of the femoral component of the endoprosthesis is one of the most frequent complications of total hip replacement. The best option for the “treatment” of dislocation of the hip endoprosthesis is to prevent the development of primary instability. There are cases in which even with the correct installation of the endoprosthesis components, dislocations arise due to the weakness or defect of the capsular–ligament apparatus. Currently, many methods have been developed to strengthen and restore the posterior structures of the capsule of the hip joint with the help of auto- and allomaterials, which differ in both the fixation technique and the characteristics of the materials themselves. In this paper, we propose a method for restoring and strengthening the posterior structures of the capsule of the hip joint using polypropylene-based graft implants. The purpose of this study is to, with the help of specialized software, build a model of the capsule of the hip joint after capsulotomy and to determine the stiffness capabilities of the defect covered with polypropylene mesh.
Results The study was performed using a software package based on the finite-element method. As a result of the performed calculations, pictures of the distribution of the stress–strain state in the “head-capsule” system were obtained. To assess the effectiveness of the method of closing the capsule, from the viewpoint of rigidity, as the main characteristics, the values of the opening of the cut are selected.
Conclusions Under the kinematic loading of the model, the smallest values of the opening of the section are obtained when it is closed by a grid. In the case of thread fixation, the values were higher by 8.5%. However, the values of equivalent stresses, both in the capsule and in the head, in the model with the grid turned out to be the largest. These stresses were higher by 23.8% in the capsule and by 60.4% in the head than the same values for the thread fixation model. The obtained results indicate that the model with a grid is more rigid in the considered fixation variants.
Transverse extension of partons in the proton probed by DVCS at COMPASS
Authors: Sandacz Andrzej 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present the first result on exclusive single-photon muoproduction on the proton in the range of intermediate values of the Bjorken variable xBj

, which was recently published by COMPASS collaboration. The measurements were performed using 160GeV/c polarised μ
+ and μ
− beams of the CERN SPS scattering off a liquid hydrogen target. We determine the dependence of the average of the measured μ
+ and μ
− cross sections for deeply virtual Compton scattering on the squared four-momentum transfer t from the initial to the final proton. The slope B of the t-dependence is fitted with a single exponential function, which yields

B
=

(

4.3
±

0.6

stat

+

0.1

−

0.3

|

sys

)

(

GeV
/
c

)

−
2

. This result can be converted into an average transverse extension of partons in the proton,

〈

r
⊥
2

〉

=

(

0.58
±

0.04

stat

+

0.01

−

0.02

|

sys

)

. For this measurement, the average virtuality of the photon mediating the interaction is ⟨Q
2⟩ = 1.8 (GeV/c)2 and the average value of the Bjorken variable is ⟨xBj

⟩ = 0.056. We also compare COMPASS result to earlier estimates at very small xBj

from HERA.
A new asymptotic expansion of a ratio of two gamma functions and complete monotonicity for its remainder
Authors: Yang Zhen-Hang , Tian Jing-Feng , Ha Ming-Hu 
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we establish a new asymptotic expansion of a ratio of two gamma functions, that is, as

x
→
∞

x\rightarrow \infty

,

[

Γ

(
x
+
u
)

Γ

(
x
+
v
)

]

1

/

(
u
−
v
)

∼

(
x
+
σ
)

exp
⁡

[

∑

k
=
1

m

B

2
n
+
1

(
ρ
)

w
n

(
2
n
+
1
)

(
x

+

σ
)

−
2
k

+

R

m

(
x
;
u
,
v
)

]

,

\begin{equation*} \left [ \frac {\Gamma \left ( x+u\right ) }{\Gamma \left ( x+v\right ) }\right ] ^{1/\left ( u-v\right ) }\thicksim \left ( x+\sigma \right ) \exp \left [ \sum _{k=1}^{m}\frac {B_{2n+1}\left ( \rho \right ) }{wn\left ( 2n+1\right ) }\left ( x\!+\!\sigma \right ) ^{-2k}\!+\!R_{m}\left ( x;u,v\right ) \right ] , \end{equation*}

where

u
,
v
∈

R

u,v\in \mathbb {R}

with

w
=
u
−
v
≠
0

w=u-v\neq 0

and

ρ
=

(
1
−
w
)

/

2

\rho =\left ( 1-w\right ) /2

,

σ
=

(
u
+
v
−
1
)

/

2

\sigma =\left ( u+v-1\right ) /2

,

B

2
n
+
1

(
ρ
)

B_{2n+1}\left ( \rho \right )

are the Bernoulli polynomials. We also prove that the function

x
↦

(
−
1
)

m

R

m

(
x
;
u
,
v
)

x\mapsto \left ( -1\right ) ^{m}R_{m}\left ( x;u,v\right )

for

m
∈

N

m\in \mathbb {N}

is completely monotonic on

(
−
σ
,
∞
)

\left ( -\sigma ,\infty \right )

if

|
u
−
v
|

>
1

\left \vert u-v\right \vert >1

, which yields an explicit bound for

|

R

m

(
x
;
u
,
v
)

|

\left \vert R_{m}\left ( x;u,v\right ) \right \vert

and some new inequalities.
Active manipulation of exterior electromagnetic fields by using surface sources
Authors: Onofrei Daniel , Platt Eric , Egarguin Neil 
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we establish a scheme for the active manipulation of electromagnetic fields in prescribed exterior regions using a surface source. We prove the existence of the necessary surface current (electric or magnetic) on a single source to approximate prescribed electromagnetic fields on given regions of space (bounded or possibly the far field). We provide two constructive schemes for the computation of the required surface currents: our first strategy makes use of the Debye representation results for the electromagnetic field and builds up on previous control results for scalar fields discussed in [J. Integral Equations Appl. 26 (2014), pp. 553–579]; the second strategy we propose makes use of integral electromagnetic representation results and follows theoretically from the first. We provide theoretical validation for both computational schemes and present supporting numerical simulations for the first strategy in several applied scenarios.
BioSeqZip: a collapser of NGS redundant reads for the optimization of sequence analysis
Authors: Urgese Gianvito , Parisi Emanuele , Scicolone Orazio , Di Cataldo Santa , Ficarra Elisa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMotivationHigh-throughput next-generation sequencing can generate huge sequence files, whose analysis requires alignment algorithms that are typically very demanding in terms of memory and computational resources. This is a significant issue, especially for machines with limited hardware capabilities. As the redundancy of the sequences typically increases with coverage, collapsing such files into compact sets of non-redundant reads has the 2-fold advantage of reducing file size and speeding-up the alignment, avoiding to map the same sequence multiple times.MethodBioSeqZip generates compact and sorted lists of alignment-ready non-redundant sequences, keeping track of their occurrences in the raw files as well as of their quality score information. By exploiting a memory-constrained external sorting algorithm, it can be executed on either single- or multi-sample datasets even on computers with medium computational capabilities. On request, it can even re-expand the compacted files to their original state.ResultsOur extensive experiments on RNA-Seq data show that BioSeqZip considerably brings down the computational costs of a standard sequence analysis pipeline, with particular benefits for the alignment procedures that typically have the highest requirements in terms of memory and execution time. In our tests, BioSeqZip was able to compact 2.7 billion of reads into 963 million of unique tags reducing the size of sequence files up to 70% and speeding-up the alignment by 50% at least.Availability and implementationBioSeqZip is available at https://github.com/bioinformatics-polito/BioSeqZip.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.