bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: The mechanism of jian-Gan-Xiao-Zhi decoction in IR adipocytes and its component analysis
Authors: Fang Fang , Wen WeiBo , Xie Xuehua , Yang Ling , Zhang Xu , Zhao Jie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Jian-Gan-Xiao-Zhi decoction (JGXZ) is a formula of TCM and used to treat patients with NAFLD. Thus, the study aimed to analyze the mechanism of drug serum of JGXZ in adipocytes and detect the main components of JGXF in rat serum.Methods : The 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were used to establish IR adipocytes model. The lipid accumulation in adipocytes was detected by oil red O staining. After JGXZ treatment, glucose consumption, TC and TG were analyzed by corresponding kits. ROS levels were measured by flow cytometry. In addition, Westen Blot was used to assess LKB1/AMPK and JNK/IRS/PI3k/AKT expressions. Except for that, the main components of JGXF in rat serum samples were detected by LC-MS/MS method. A Phenomenex Luna C18 was used to perform chromatographic separation. The ion source is ESI. The mobile phase contained methanol and 0.1% formic acid solution.Results: The results showed that JGXZ significantly decreased glucose levels and adipogenesis, accompanied by decreased IR. Besides, JGXZ markedly affected ROS, LKB1/AMPK and JNK/IRS/PI3k/AKT levels. The R1, Rg1, paeoniflorin, Rb1, astragaloside and tanshinone could be significantly quantified.Conclusion: Thus, JGXZ decreased glucose and lipid synthesis possibly via ROS/AMPK/JNK pathway and R1, Rg1, paeoniflorin, Rb1, astragaloside and tanshinone in JGXZ played main roles in JGXZ treating NAFLD.
Comparative analysis of the transcriptomes and small RNAome in Shizhu ginseng and Yuan ginseng based on high-throughput sequencing
Authors: PENG Mengyuan , YANG Chang , CHEN Yanlin , LIN Zhiyun , YANG Zemin , GONG Mengjuan , YIN Yongqin , HAN Bin , ZENG Yu , Wang Yingfang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Yuan ginseng and Shizhu ginseng，which belong to P. ginseng , are widely used as substitutes for wild ginseng in clinical practice.Clinical practice has proved that the clinical efficacy of Shizhu ginseng is better than Yuan ginseng. However, current research cannot completely explain this phenomenon. Considering that small RNA may be one of the pharmacodynamic substances of P. ginseng , it is challenging to investigate differential miRNAs between Shizhu ginseng and Yuan ginseng.Methods: The transcriptome, small RNAome and degradome of P. ginseng were studied by high-throughput sequencing.Results: A total of 63,875 unigenes and 24,154,579 small RNA clean reads were obtained from the roots of P. ginseng . Among 3,216 differentially expressed genes, 1190 genes were up-regulated in Yuan ginseng when compared with Shizhu ginseng. 24 known differential miRNAs and 7 novel differential miRNAs were obtained. The 304 targets of 24 differentially expressed miRNA (17 known and 7 novel) families are mainly related to energy metabolism, biotic stress and disease immunity in ginseng itself. 24 known differential miRNAs and 7 novel differential miRNAs were obtained. The 304 targets of 24 differentially expressed miRNA (17 known and 7 novel) families are mainly related to energy metabolism, biotic stress and disease immunity in ginseng itself.Conclusions: Through the association analysis of mRNA and miRNA, our work gives a better understanding of the difference between Yuan ginseng and Shizhu ginseng. Considering the cross-kingdom regulation of plant miRNAs, our results may provide a foundation for understanding the miRNA-dependent clinical efficacy in P. ginseng .
Estimating the serial interval of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): A statistical analysis using the public data in Hong Kong from January 16 to February 15, 2020
Authors: Zhao Shi , Gao Daozhou , Zhuang Zian , Chong Marc KC , Cai Yongli , Ran Jinjun , Cao Peihua , Wang Kai , Lou Yijun , Wang Weiming , Yang Lin , He Daihai , Wang Maggie H 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The emerging virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a large outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China since December 2019. As of February 15, there were 56 COVID-19 cases confirmed in Hong Kong since the first case with symptom onset on January 23, 2020.Methods: Based on the publicly available surveillance data, we identified 21 transmission events, which occurred in Hong Kong, and had primary cases known, as of February 15, 2020. An interval censored likelihood framework is adopted to fit three different distributions, Gamma, Weibull and lognormal, that govern the SI of COVID-19. We select the distribution according to the Akaike information criterion corrected for small sample size (AICc).Findings: We found the Gamma distribution performed lightly better than the other two distributions. Assuming a Gamma distributed model, we estimated the mean of SI at 4.4 days (95%CI: 2.9−6.7) and SD of SI at 3.0 days (95%CI: 1.8−5.8) by using the information of all 21 transmission events in Hong Kong.Conclusion: The SI of COVID-19 may be shorter than the preliminary estimates in previous works. Given the likelihood that SI could be shorter than the incubation period, pre-symptomatic transmission may occur, and extra efforts on timely contact tracing and quarantine are crucially needed in combating the COVID-19 outbreak.
High GP73 expression correlates with poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and survival in gastric cancer
Authors: Shen Jian Guo , Shen Jun , Teng Rong Yue , Wang Lin Bo , zhao Wen He , Wang Qin Chuan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background：Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a type II Golgi transmembrane protein which is over expressed in several cancers, however, its role in gastric cancer is still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate if high GP73 expression is associated with pathological tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and prognosis for patients with gastric cancer. Methods：A total of 348 patients with gastric cancer, who had undergone surgery between 1999 and 2011 were retrospectively reviewed, GP73 expression was examined in tumor tissues using tissue microarray (TMA), the correlations between its expression and pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy as well as patient prognosis were analyzed. Results：We found that GP73 expression was not associated with clinicopathologic features including tumor size, differentiation and TNM stage. High expression of GP73 was associated with less pathological tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and poor survival in gastric cancer, multivariate analysis showed GP73 expression was an independent predictor for pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and for prognosis in patient with gastric cancer. Conclusions：Our results suggest that GP73 is a promising biomarker to identify patients with poor prognosis as well as a promising predictor for the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer.
Fouling potential of lipopolysaccharides released at low temperatures in MBRs
Authors: Kakuda T. , Iwasaki H. , Kimura K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSludge filterability in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) fluctuates and affects membrane fouling. Therefore, understanding the reasons for the fluctuations of sludge filterability is important for the efficient operation of MBRs. In this study, a pilot-scale MBR treating municipal wastewater was operated for about 600 days and the variations in sludge filterability were continuously monitored by batch-filtration experiments using the same membranes as in the MBR. To investigate the reasons for the deterioration of sludge filterability, constituents in sludge supernatant were intensively monitored, and the correlations with sludge filterability were determined. The concentration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in sludge supernatant exhibited significantly higher correlation with sludge filterability than did conventional indexes (i.e. polysaccharides and proteins). Size fractions affecting MBR sludge filterability were also investigated, and it was suggested that colloidal LPS deteriorated MBR sludge filterability. Based on the long-term operation of the MBR, increase in colloidal LPS under low temperatures of the mixed liquor suspension was a key factor in the deterioration of sludge filterability. The impact of LPS increasing under low temperatures should be investigated by operating bench-scale MBRs fed with synthetic wastewater in controlled conditions.
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in the Diagnosis and Management of Arterial Hypertension in Current Medical Practice in Algeria
Authors: Hammoudi-Bendib Naima , Manamani Leila , Ouabdesselam Souhila , Ouamer Dalila S. , Ghemri Sofiane , Courouve Laurene , Cherif Amine , Mahi Lamine , Benkhedda Salim 
Published: March 2020

Objectives:
There are limited data on the management of hypertension (HT) in Algeria.
The aim of this study was to assess, in current medical practice, the use and benefits of ambulatory
blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for the diagnosis and management of HT.

Methods:
prospective, observational, multicenter study was performed in 2017. Patients aged
≥ 18 years with suspected or treated HT were included. A 24-hour ABPM was performed at baseline
in all patients. Therapeutic decision was taken by the physician according to ABPM results and
patients were then followed up to 6 weeks.

Results:
The analysis included 1027 patients (mean age, 51.0 years; women, 61.6%) with treated
HT (37.3%) or suspected HT (62.7%). Major cardiovascular risk factors were diabetes (15.7%) and
lipid disorders (7.2%). ABPM was pathological in 55.1% of patients on antihypertensive treatment
and in 60.8% of patients with suspected HT. A therapeutic adjustment or a treatment switch was
performed after pathological ABPM in 37.4% of patients already on antihypertensive treatment and
an antihypertensive therapy was initiated in 54.9% of patients with initially suspected HT.

Conclusions:
This study is the first evaluation of the usefulness of ABPM for the management of HT
in Algeria. Our results emphasize that ABPM is a highly valuable method for avoiding the whitecoat
effect and for detecting patients who are insufficiently treated with antihypertensive drugs.
Humanizing Technology: Smartphone usage in the learning environment
Authors: Sabron Mohd Zdikri Md , Hashim Rugayah , Abdullah Aida , Shamsudin Nurshamshida 
Published: March 2020

The objective of this paper is to determine the influence of smartphone usage among secondary school students. The sample size of the study was 150 students. The findings showed that smartphone usage increases compassionate teaching with significant student engagement through the enhancement of the learner's cognitive capacity, motivation to study in both formal and informal settings, autonomy and confidence, as well as the promotion of personalized learning in helping low-achieving students to reach their academic performance goals. The implications verified that implementing smartphone usage in the classroom will result in an effective and proper process in the learning environment.Keywords: Humanizing technology; Smartphone Usage; Learning Environment; Student EngagementeISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.1958
Percepção da qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas em centros de convivência no município de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso
Authors: Rodrigues Dayane de Carvalho , Martínez Espinosa Mariano , Reschetti Marcon Samira , Mariano Martínez Alves Bryan 
Published: March 2020

Introdução: A mudança no perfil demográfico no cenário mundial, e de forma mais recente no Brasil, tem entre suas manifestações, o aumento do número da população idosa. Este aumento precisa ser acompanhado pela melhoria e manutenção da saúde e qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Avaliar a percepção da qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas participantes dos Centros de Convivência no município de Cuiabá-MT, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com 317 pessoas idosas participantes dos Centros de Convivência do município de Cuiabá-MT, realizado no período de julho a dezembro de 2012. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário sociodemográfico e os instrumentos WHOQOL-BREF e WHOQOL-OLD. Utilizaram-se ostestes Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados: A amostra foi composta em sua maioria pelo sexo feminino, com idade entre 60 a 69 anos, analfabetos, sem companheiro e com renda menor ou igual a um salário mínimo. Os domínios com escores mais baixos foram meio ambiente e funcionamento dos sentidos, enquanto os mais altos foram psicológico e morte e morrer. Conclusão: De maneira geral as pessoas idosas apresentaram uma boa qualidade de vida, revelando que os Centros de Convivência podem ser uma alternativa promissora para a melhoria das condições de saúde e qualidade de vida.
Efficacy of a Virtual Reality Biofeedback Game (DEEP) to Reduce Anxiety and Disruptive Classroom Behavior: Single-Case Study
Authors: Bossenbroek Rineke , Wols Aniek , Weerdmeester Joanneke , Lichtwarck-Aschoff Anna , Granic Isabela , van Rooij Marieke M J W 
Published: March 2020

Background
Many adolescents in special education are affected by anxiety in addition to their behavioral problems. Anxiety leads to substantial long-term problems and may underlie disruptive behaviors in the classroom as a result of the individual’s inability to tolerate anxiety-provoking situations. Thus, interventions in special needs schools that help adolescents cope with anxiety and, in turn, diminish disruptive classroom behaviors are needed.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a virtual reality biofeedback game, DEEP, on daily levels of state-anxiety and disruptive classroom behavior in a clinical sample. In addition, the study also aimed to examine the duration of the calm or relaxed state after playing DEEP.

Methods
A total of 8 adolescents attending a special secondary school for students with behavioral and psychiatric problems participated in a single-case experimental ABAB study. Over a 4-week period, participants completed 6 DEEP sessions. In addition, momentary assessments (ie, 3 times a day) of self-reported state-anxiety and teacher-reported classroom behavior were collected throughout all A and B phases.

Results
From analyzing the individual profiles, it was found that 6 participants showed reductions in anxiety, and 5 participants showed reductions in disruptive classroom behaviors after the introduction of DEEP. On a group level, results showed a small but significant reduction of anxiety (d=–0.29) and a small, nonsignificant reduction of disruptive classroom behavior (d=−0.16) on days when participants played DEEP. Moreover, it was found that the calm or relaxed state of participants after playing DEEP lasted for about 2 hours on average.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the potential of the game, DEEP, as an intervention for anxiety and disruptive classroom behavior in a special school setting. Future research is needed to fully optimize and personalize DEEP as an intervention for the heterogeneous special school population.
Evaluating a Theoretically Informed and Cocreated Mobile Health Educational Intervention for First-Time Hearing Aid Users: Qualitative Interview Study
Authors: Maidment David W , Heyes Rachel , Gomez Rachel , Coulson Neil S , Wharrad Heather , Ferguson Melanie A 
Published: March 2020

Background
Adults living with hearing loss have highly variable knowledge of hearing aids, resulting in suboptimal use or nonuse. This issue can be addressed by the provision of high-quality educational resources.

Objective
This study aims to assess the everyday experiences of first-time hearing aid users when using a newly developed, theoretically informed cocreated mobile health (mHealth) educational intervention called m2Hear. This intervention aims to deliver greater opportunities for individualization and interactivity compared with our previously developed multimedia intervention, C2Hear.

Methods
A total of 16 first-time hearing aid users trialed m2Hear for a period of 10-weeks in their everyday lives, after which individual semistructured interviews were completed. The data were analyzed using an established deductive thematic analysis procedure underpinned by the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behavior model. The model stipulates that to engage in a target behavior, an individual must have physical and psychological capability, physical and social opportunity, and automatic and reflective motivation.

Results
Capability—m2Hear was viewed as a concise and comprehensive resource, suitable for a range of digital literacy skills. It was stated that m2Hear could be conveniently reused to provide useful reminders that facilitate knowledge of hearing aids and communication. Opportunity—m2Hear was simple and straightforward to use, enabling greater individualization and independence. The availability of m2Hear via mobile technologies also improved accessibility. Motivation—m2Hear provided greater support and reassurance, improving confidence and empowering users to self-manage their hearing loss.

Conclusions
Overall, this qualitative study suggests that m2Hear supports first-time hearing aid users to successfully self-manage their hearing loss postfitting. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the utility of employing a combined theoretical and ecologically valid approach in the development of mHealth educational resources to meet the individual self-management needs of adults living with hearing loss.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03136718; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03136718
Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Japanese Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuki , Hamatani Sayo , Makino Takuya , Uemura Taku , Suzuki Futoshi , Shinno Seina , Ikai Tomoki , Hayashi Hiroyuki , Sutoh Chihiro , Shimizu Eiji 
Published: March 2020

Background
Cognitive behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder has been established, but access to this therapy in Japan is limited. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy may improve treatment accessibility and sufficiently improve obsessive-compulsive symptoms. There are few randomized controlled trials examining the effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. We designed a randomized controlled trial protocol to assess the effectiveness of guided internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in Japanese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Objective
We aimed to develop a protocol for a randomized controlled trial of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in Japanese patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Methods
The randomized controlled trial will compare internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy treatment and usual care groups, each consisting of 15 participants (n=30) diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder. We will evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-week intervention. The primary outcome of symptom severity will be measured using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. Secondary outcomes will be assessed with the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form, and the Euro Qol – 5 Dimension. All measures will be assessed at weeks 0 (baseline) and 12 (follow-up). In the statistical analysis comparing treatment effects, the least-squares means and their 95% CIs will be estimated by analysis of covariance with the change in total outcomes scores at week 12. All comparisons are planned, and all P values will be two-sided, with values <.05 considered statistically significant.

Results
The study will be performed from January 2020 to March 2021, and results are expected to be available in mid-2021.

Conclusions
The trial will demonstrate whether internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy improves access and is more effective than more usual care for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in Japan.

Trial Registration
University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) 000039375; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000044422

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/18216
Distance to Kidney Transplant Center and Access to Early Steps in the Kidney Transplantation Process in the Southeastern United States
Authors: McPherson Laura J. , Barry Vaughn , Yackley Jane , Gander Jennifer C. , Pastan Stephen O. , Plantinga Laura C. , Paul Sudeshna , Patzer Rachel E. ,   on behalf of the Southeastern Kidney Transplant Coalition
Published: March 2020

Background and objectives
Access to kidney transplantation requires a referral to a transplant center for medical evaluation. Prior research suggests that the distance that a person must travel to reach a center might be a barrier to referral. We examined whether a shorter distance from patients’ residence to a transplant center increased the likelihood of referral and initiating the transplant evaluation once referred.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Adults who began treatment for ESKD at any Georgia, North Carolina, or South Carolina dialysis facility from 1/1/2012 to 12/31/2015 were identified from the US Renal Data System. Referral (within 1 year of dialysis initiation) and evaluation initiation (within 6 months of referral) data were collected from all nine transplant centers located in that region. Distance was categorized as <15, 15–30, 31–60, 61–90, and >90 miles from the center of a patient’s residential zip code to the nearest center. We used multilevel, multivariable-adjusted logistic regression to quantify the association between distance with referral and evaluation initiation.

Results
Among 27,250 adult patients on incident dialysis, 9582 (35%) were referred. Among those referred, 58% initiated evaluation. Although patients who lived farther from a center were less likely to be referred, distance was not statistically significantly related to transplant referral: adjusted odds ratios of 1.08 (95% confidence interval, 0.96 to 1.22), 1.07 (95% confidence interval, 0.95 to 1.22), 0.96 (95% confidence interval, 0.84 to 1.10), and 0.87 (95% confidence interval, 0.74 to 1.03) for 15–30, 31–60, 61–90, and >90 miles, respectively, compared with <15 miles (P trend =0.05). There was no statistically significant association of distance and evaluation initiation among referred patients: adjusted odds ratios of 1.14 (95% confidence interval, 0.97 to 1.33), 1.12 (95% confidence interval, 0.94 to 1.35), 1.04 (95% confidence interval, 0.87 to 1.25), and 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.72 to 1.11) for 15–30, 31–60, 61–90, and >90 miles, respectively, compared with <15 miles (P trend =0.70).

Conclusions
Distance from residence to transplant center among patients undergoing long-term dialysis in the southeastern United States was not associated with increased likelihood of referral and initiating transplant center evaluation.