bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Protocol for a Systematic Review to Study the Efficacy and Safety of Ayurveda Intervention in Children and Adolescent with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Choudhary Kuldeep , Dave Parth P , Goel Sumeet , Gundeti Manohar S 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Various clinical researches have been done in Ayurveda to study the effectiveness of Ayurveda intervention in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in pediatric population. However, to date, no comprehensive systematic review has been conducted to assess the quality of clinical trials conducted and to determine the strength and safety of Ayurveda interventions in ADHD.

Materials and methods:
Published randomized clinical trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and unpublished data on Ayurveda intervention in ADHD will be searched by using electronic databases such as the Cochrane Library, Pubmed, CENTRAL, Science Direct, AYUSH research portal, and other Indian databases. It involves the hand-searching of Ayurveda journals, and PG/PhD dissertations, if available, will also be utilized. The selection of study, data extraction, and synthesis will be done independently by reviewers. Standard tools will be adopted to assess the quality of trials. Risk of bias assessment will be performed by using Cochrane tool of risk of bias for RCTs and risk of bias in non-randomized studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for non-RCTs. A narrative synthesis of findings from included studies will be described by providing treatment effect size. If sufficient data are available, the meta-analysis will be performed by using Review Manager.

Outcome:
The proposed protocol will act as a guiding tool for reproducing the same results in a transparent manner and to provide information to healthcare practitioners and policy makers.

Trial registration number:
PROSPERO 2019 CRD42019129676.
Safety and Efficacy of Ayurvedic Interventions in the Management of Conjunctivitis
Authors: Krishna Kumar V , Srivastava Alok Kumar , Kamble Pallavi N , Makhija Pratap 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Conjunctivitis is a common condition of the eye that occurs worldwide and affects all ages and social strata, affecting more than 2% of the population. Conventional treatment has many options for treating the disease. Despite adequate treatment options, patients continue to suffer troublesome symptoms. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies may play a significant role here. Systematic reviews on this topic have been published for herbal medicines. Data are available on plenty of studies individually proving efficacy and safety of various Shodhana, Shamana, and Netra Kriyakalpa in conjunctivitis. However, systematic review of Ayurveda interventions for conjunctivitis is unavailable. This study aims at a thorough review of published clinical data of safety and efficacy of Ayurvedic interventions in the management of conjunctivitis.

Materials and methods:
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-randomized controlled trials (QRCTs), controlled clinical trials (CCTs), and multiple arms clinical trials on conjunctivitis published till date will be conducted. Studies having patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria based on the symptomatology of Abhishyanda (HF-1) explained in classic Ayurveda texts and conjunctivitis of all ages and either sex will be included. Studies in which Ayurvedic treatments (Shamana, Shodhana, or/and Netra Kriyakalpa) with any dose, type, schedule, drug, dosage form, and advised Pathayapathya (lifestyle changes) as intervention or control will be selected. The primary outcome will be the response to treatment and onset of serious adverse events.

Ethics and dissemination:
Formal ethical approval will be obtained. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication.

Trial registration number:
International prospective register for systematic reviews (PROSPERO) number CRD42019129436.
A line-integral-based method to partition climate and catchment effects on runoff
Authors: Zheng Mingguo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. It is a common task to partition the synergistic impacts of drivers in the
environmental sciences. However, there is no mathematically precise solution
to this partition task. Here I present a line-integral-based method, which
addresses the sensitivity to the drivers throughout the drivers'
evolutionary paths so as to ensure a precise partition. The method reveals
that the partition depends on both the change magnitude and pathway (timing
of the change) but not on the magnitude alone unless used for a linear
system. To illustrate this method, I applied the Budyko framework to
partition the effects of climatic and catchment conditions on the temporal
change in the runoff for 19 catchments from Australia and China. The
proposed method reduces to the decomposition method when assuming a path in
which climate change occurs first, followed by an abrupt change in catchment
properties. The proposed method re-defines the widely used sensitivity at a
point as the path-averaged sensitivity. The total-differential and the
complementary methods simply concern the sensitivity at the initial and/or
the terminal state, so they cannot give precise results. Although the
path-averaged sensitivities varied greatly among the catchments, they can be
readily predicted within the Budyko framework. As a mathematically accurate
solution, the proposed method provides a generic tool for conducting
quantitative attribution analyses.
A Surgical Resident’s Perspective about COVID-19 Pandemic: Unique Experience and Lessons Learnt
Authors: Chaudary Madhuri , Sasmal Prakash Kumar 
Published: May 2020

Discussion Points.

Experience of a surgical trainee to manage COVID-19 patients along with surgical emergencies.
In spite of managing high-risk seropositive cases during non-COVID-19 times with impunity, there is always a sense of apprehension during operation in this critical time.
E-learning is promoted presently with online seminars and webinars on managing COVID-19 and other non-COVID-19 diseases, which is overall a new experience during this critical time.
Every nation and medical university needs to adequately increase the infrastructure to tackle the similar situation and also train their future generation of health care providers more broadly at least to manage critically ill patients during epidemics, irrespective of subspecialties.

The global community should unite to fight against this invisible enemy of humanity.
AS IMPLICAÇÕES DO CONCEITO DE PATRIMÔNIO VIVENCIAL COMO UMA ALTERNATIVA PARA A EDUCAÇÃO MULTILÍNGUE
Authors: Megale Antonieta Heyden , Liberali Fernanda Coelho 
Published: May 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo construir e sugerir o conceito de patrimônio vivencial como uma proposta de congregação da noção de patrimônios de conhecimento (HOGG, 2011; MOLL et al., 1992) ao conceito de perezhivanie/vivência (VYGOTSKY, 1994; VYGOTSKY, 2010), de repertório (BUSCH, 2012; 2015; BLOMMAERT, 2013; BLOMMAERT; BACKUS, 2013; OTSUJI; PENNYCOOK, 2010; RYMES, 2014; GARCÍA; WEI, 2014) e de translinguagem (GARCÍA, 2009; CANAGARAJAH, 2011; ROCHA; MACIEL, 2015). Essa proposição focaliza a necessidade de considerar o contexto de superdiversidade (VERTOVEC, 2007) em que vivemos e as demandas que ele nos impõe neste momento histórico. Consideramos que não seja mais possível pensar em contextos educacionais encastelados na reprodução de saberes fixos, de um determinado grupo social imposto a outro. Em uma proposta de globalização como possibilidade (SANTOS, 2003), consideramos central que os espaços de aprendizagens sejam constituídos para a criação de possibilidades de ser, agir, sentir, viver o mundo. Nessa direção, a educação multilíngue precisa considerar a construção de possibilidades de/para o futuro.
Investigating Stereotypes Among Minority Group Members in Israel: The Role of Ingroup and Outgroup Symbols
Authors: Shamoa-Nir Lipaz , Razpurker-Apfeld Irene 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This research examined the influence of exposure to ingroup and outgroup concepts on stereotypes of minority members toward the majority. Arab participants were primed by concepts representing group affiliation content (Jewish concepts or Arab concepts), and then their stereotypes toward Jewish people were examined. It was found that priming group concepts had differential effects on Arab minority subgroups, where the Muslim group revealed more negative stereotypes toward Jews than in the non-Muslim group. These effects were found for both ingroup and outgroup concepts: When primed with outgroup concepts Muslims perceived Jews as more unpleasant, and when primed with ingroup concepts they perceived Jews as more antagonist. The activated group content has an important role in increasing stereotypes as a function of the group affiliation among members of a minority group. Research implications and further experiments are discussed.
Hidden in plain sight, Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. (Chaetopteridae, Annelida) – A new species from Southern California
Authors: Tilic Ekin , Rouse Greg W. 
Published: May 2020

We describe a long-unnamed Chaetopterus Cuvier, 1830 species from southern California, using a combination of DNA barcoding and detailed morphological investigation employing high-resolution X-ray microtomography (micro-CT). Chaetopterus dewysee sp. nov. is not only one of the most dominant annelids in the benthic communities of the shallow end of the La Jolla submarine canyon, but also a well-established model for studying bioluminescence and has a published transcriptome. The description and naming of this southern Californian Chaetopterus is a step towards the much-needed revision of the group’s taxonomy and towards resolving the confusion over the ʻcosmopolitanʼ Chaetopterus variopedatus species complex. Micro-CT data showing details of both internal and external anatomy has been made freely available as the first annelid cybertype.
Le Conseil du statut de la femme, un laboratoire d’idées au service de la promotion de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes au Québec*
Authors: Maillé Chantal 
Published: May 2020

L’objectif de ce texte est de montrer que le Conseil du statut de la femme (CSF) a été un laboratoire d’idées qui a exercé une influence réelle sur l’État et sur la société québécoise, la conduisant à adhérer pleinement au principe de l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes. Cette influence a été modulée dans le temps et a fluctué selon plusieurs facteurs, dont : le profil des présidentes qui se sont succédé depuis 1973, certains éléments de conjoncture politique comme le référendum de 1980 ainsi que les moyens matériels mis à la disposition du CSF pour remplir son mandat.
Acoustic Phonetics
Authors: Stevens Kenneth N. 
Published: May 2020

This book presents a theory of speech-sound generation in the human vocal system.
This book presents a theory of speech-sound generation in the human vocal system. The comprehensive acoustic theory serves as one basis for defining categories of speech sounds used to form distinctions between words in languages. The author begins with a review of the anatomy and physiology of speech production, then covers source mechanisms, the vocal tract as an acoustic filter, relevant aspects of auditory psychophysics and physiology, and phonological representations. In the remaining chapters he presents a detailed examination of vowels, consonants, and the influence of context on speech-sound production. Although he focuses mainly on the sounds of English, he touches briefly on sounds in other languages.
The book will serve as a reference for speech scientists, speech pathologists, linguists interested in phonetics and phonology, psychologists interested in speech perception and production, and engineers concerned with speech processing applications.
Luteolin attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by modulating the PHLPP1/AKT/Bcl-2 signalling pathway
Authors: Zhang YanDong , Ma ChengYuan , Liu ChunShui , Wei Feng 
Published: May 2020

Background
Luteolin (LUT) is a flavonoid found in vegetables and fruits that has diverse functions. Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic that is frequently used for the treatment of various cancers. Unfortunately, the clinical efficacy of DOX is limited by its dose-related cardiotoxicity. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential mechanism through which LUT attenuates cardiotoxicity in vivo.

Methods
We evaluated the body weight, heart weight, electrocardiogram, and pathological changes before and after administration of LUT. Moreover, the effects of LUT (50 mg/kg in the low dose group, 100 mg/kg in the high dose group) on biochemical parameters (brain natriuretic peptide, creatine kinase MB, cardiac troponin T, and dehydrogenation of lactate enzyme) and oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase) were studied in the sera of cardiotoxicity model rats. We also identified the apoptotic mediators whose expression was induced by LUT by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) evaluation. In addition, we used network analysis to predict DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and protection afforded by LUT. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of associated proteins.

Results
LUT significantly improved DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in a dose-dependent fashion. LUT ameliorated DOX-induced weight loss and heart weight changes, as well as changes in biochemical parameters and oxidative stress parameters in heart injury model rats. LUT’s protective effect was observed via regulation of the apoptotic markers Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression levels. Network analysis showed that the AKT/Bcl-2 signalling pathway was activated; specifically, the PH domain leucine-rich repeats protein phosphatase 1 (phlpp1) was involved in the AKT/Bcl-2 signal pathway. LUT inhibited the activity of phlpp1 leading to positive regulation of the AKT/Bcl-2 pathway, which attenuated doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that LUT exerted protective effects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo by alleviating oxidative stress, suppressing phlpp1 activity, and activating the AKT/Bcl-2 signalling pathway.
Assessment and simulation of land use and land cover change impacts on the land surface temperature of Chaoyang District in Beijing, China
Authors: Amir Siddique Muhammad , Dongyun Liu , Li Pengli , Rasool Umair , Ullah Khan Tauheed , Javaid Aini Farooqi Tanzeel , Wang Liwen , Fan Boqing , Rasool Muhammad Awais 
Published: May 2020

Rapid urbanization is changing the existing patterns of land use land cover (LULC) globally, which is consequently increasing the land surface temperature (LST) in many regions. The present study is focused on estimating current and simulating future LULC and LST trends in the urban environment of Chaoyang District, Beijing. Past patterns of LULC and LST were identified through the maximum likelihood classification (MLC) method and multispectral Landsat satellite images during the 1990–2018 data period. The cellular automata (CA) and stochastic transition matrix of the Markov model were applied to simulate future (2025) LULC and LST changes, respectively, using their past patterns. The CA model was validated for the simulated and estimated LULC for 1990–2018, with an overall Kappa (K) value of 0.83, using validation modules in IDRISI software. Our results indicated that the cumulative changes in built-up to vegetation area were 74.61 km2 (16.08%) and 113.13 km2 (24.38%) from 1990 to 2018. The correlation coefficient of land use and land cover change (LULCC), including vegetation, water bodies and built-up area, had values ofr = − 0.155 (p > 0.005), −0.809 (p = 0.000), and 0.519 (p > 0.005), respectively. The results of future analysis revealed that there will be an estimated 164.92 km2 (−12%) decrease in vegetation area, while an expansion of approximately 283.04 km2 (6% change) will occur in built-up areas from 1990 to 2025. This decrease in vegetation cover and expansion of settlements would likely cause a rise of approximately ∼10.74 °C and ∼12.66 °C in future temperature, which would cause a rise in temperature (2025). The analyses could open an avenue regarding how to manage urban land cover patterns to enhance the resilience of cities to climate warming. This study provides scientific insights for environmental development and sustainability through efficient and effective urban planning and management in Beijing and will also help strengthen other research related to the UHI phenomenon in other parts of the world.
Amount of Information and Measurement Uncertainty
Authors: Menin Boris 
Published: May 2020

Aims: To acquaint specialists in the field of physics and technology, experimenters and theoreticians with the possibilities of using information theory to analyze the results of an experiment, without a statistical and subjective expert approach.
Place and Duration of Study: Mechanical & Refrigeration Consultation Expert, between December 2019 and February 2020.
Methodology: Using the information approach and calculating the amount of information contained in the model of measuring a physical constant, we formulate a quantitative indicator for analyzing the results of the experiment.
Results: The appropriateness of applying the described approach is checked when studying the database when measuring various physical constants. The approach is applicable to the analysis of results obtained both for a long and a short period of time.
Conclusion: The information-theoretical approach allows us to formulate a universal indicator of the threshold mismatch between the model and the phenomenon, applicable to all scientific and technical fields in which the International System of Units (SI) is used.
Detection of circulating natural antibodies against CD25, MUC1, and VEGFR1 for early diagnosis of non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Siqi , Zhang Xuan , Jiang Quanhang , Liang Tingting 
Published: May 2020

We previously demonstrated that a deficiency of natural antibodies against CD25, Mucin 1 (MUC1), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) could contribute to high risk of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study was designed to investigate whether natural IgG antibodies against POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1 (POU5F1), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and the combination of CD25, VEGFR1, and MUC1 could play an anti‐tumorigenic role against developing NSCLC. An ELISA was developed in‐house to examine plasma IgG against peptide antigens derived from POU5F1, TNF‐α, and a combination of peptide antigens derived from CD25, MUC1, and VEGFR1 in 211 patients with NSCLC and 200 healthy controls. Mann–Whitney U test demonstrated that plasma IgG levels for the combination of peptide antigens derived from CD25, MUC1, and VEGFR1 were significantly lower in NSCLC patients than control subjects (Z = −12.978, P < 0.001) although plasma levels of IgG antibodies for POU5F1 and TNFα were not significantly changed. The in‐house ELISA made with the CD25‐MUC1‐VEGFR1 combination had a sensitivity of 49.6% against a specificity of 95% to detect early‐stage NSCLC. In conclusion, natural antibodies against the combination of CD25, VEGFR1, and MUC1 may be an effective biomarker for early diagnosis of NSCLC.
Human In Vitro Model Mimicking Material‐Driven Vascular Regeneration Reveals How Cyclic Stretch and Shear Stress Differentially Modulate Inflammation and Matrix Deposition
Authors: van Haaften Eline E. , Wissing Tamar B. , Kurniawan Nicholas A. , Smits Anthal I. P. M. , Bouten Carlijn V. C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractResorbable synthetic scaffolds designed to regenerate living tissues and organs inside the body have emerged as a clinically attractive technology to replace diseased blood vessels. However, mismatches between scaffold design and in vivo hemodynamic loading (i.e., cyclic stretch and shear stress) can result in aberrant inflammation and adverse tissue remodeling, leading to premature graft failure. Yet, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, a human in vitro model is presented that mimics the transient local inflammatory and biomechanical environments that drive scaffold‐guided tissue regeneration. The model is based on the coculture of human (myo)fibroblasts and macrophages in a bioreactor platform that decouples cyclic stretch and shear stress. Using a resorbable supramolecular elastomer as the scaffold material, it is revealed that cyclic stretch initially reduces proinflammatory cytokine secretion and, especially when combined with shear stress, stimulates IL‐10 secretion. Moreover, cyclic stretch stimulates downstream (myo)fibroblast proliferation and matrix deposition. In turn, shear stress attenuates cyclic‐stretch‐induced matrix growth by enhancing MMP‐1/TIMP‐1‐mediated collagen remodeling, and synergistically alters (myo)fibroblast phenotype when combined with cyclic stretch. The findings suggest that shear stress acts as a stabilizing factor in cyclic stretch‐induced tissue formation and highlight the distinct roles of hemodynamic loads in the design of resorbable vascular grafts.
Tuning the Local Availability of VEGF within Glycosaminoglycan‐Based Hydrogels to Modulate Vascular Endothelial Cell Morphogenesis
Authors: Limasale Yanuar Dwi Putra , Atallah Passant , Werner Carsten , Freudenberg Uwe , Zimmermann Ralf 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIncorporation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) into cell‐instructive polymer networks is shown to be instrumental in controlling the diffusivity and activity of growth factors. However, a subtle balance between local retention and release of the factors is needed to effectively direct cell fate decisions. To quantitatively unravel material characteristics governing these key features, the GAG content and the GAG sulfation pattern of star‐shaped poly(ethylene glycol) (starPEG)–GAG hydrogels are herein tuned to control the local availability and bioactivity of GAG‐affine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165). Hydrogels containing varying concentrations of heparin or heparin derivatives with different sulfation pattern are prepared and thoroughly characterized for swelling, mechanical properties, and growth factor transport. Mathematical models are developed to predict the local concentration and spatial distribution of free and bound VEGF165 within the gel matrices. The results of simulation and experimental studies concordantly reveal how the GAG concentration and sulfation pattern determine the local availability of VEGF165 within the cell‐instructive hydrogels and how the factor—in interplay with cell‐instructive gel properties—determines the formation and spatial organization of capillary networks of embedded human vascular endothelial cells. Taken together, this study exemplifies how mathematical modeling and rational hydrogel design can be combined to pave the way for precision tissue engineering.