bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and characterization sensitivity of optical fibre pH sensor for industrial application
Authors: Hameed Kareem Zaman 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Optical fibre sensor (optrode) depending on a transmittance was presented as a valuable sensitive sensor for several applications. Thus, the development of a wide-area detection system for continuously monitoring structural changes, together with a capability for non-destructive evaluation and early warning, is an important task the sensitive fibre was preparing by removing the cladding from several places and modified by different chemical solutions. The transmittance spectrum used to measure the pH of distilled water that contains HCL and NaOH in a range between 2 to 12. The special design of this sensor made it a perfect for laboratory and industrial usage, only 25 cm of modified fibre was enough to measure the pH in real time with a sensitivity 0.015-0.2 1/pH. The results showed this sensor can work in different solutions and it gives accurate results at any conditions.
Investigating the longitudinal development of EAS with ultra high energies
Authors: Rahi Raham Abbas , Al-Rubaiee A. A. , Al-Kubaisy Majida H. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The simulation of the extensive air showers was performed by investigating the longitudinal development parameters (N and Xmax) by using AIRES system version 19.04.0. The simulation was performed at the energy range (1018-1020 eV) for different primary particles (such as primary proton and iron nuclei) and different zenith angles. The longitudinal development curves of EAS are fitted using Gaussian function that gave a new parameters for different primary particles and different zenith angles at the energy range (1018-1020 eV). The comparison between the obtained results, the parameterized longitudinal development using Gaussian function that gave a new parameters for different primary particles with the experimental measurements (AUGER experiment) that gave a good agreement for primary proton and iron nuclei at the energy 1019 eV for θ = 0˚.
Generation of Ultrafast Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser (EDFL) utilizing Graphene Thin Film
Authors: Aizi Mat Salim Muhammad , Afiq Ismail Mohd , Ab. Razak Mohd. Zulhakimi , Razalli Azzuhri Saaidal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We have demonstrated an ultrafast mode-locked pulses generation by sandwiching graphene thin film between fiber ferrules in a simple erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) ring cavity setup. The incorporation of graphene thin film acted as a saturable absorber (SA) and had generated a stable mode locked pulse with repetition rate of 8.3 MHz, narrowest pulse duration of 1.38 picoseconds and 1558.8 nm wavelength.
Effect of sample temperature on spectroscopic investigation of laser-induced aluminum and copper plasma
Authors: Mazalan E , Haider Z , Chaudhary K , Duralim M , Ismail F D , Roslan M S , Wathiqah S N , Ali J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this work, the influence of samples temperature and laser energy on the optical emission spectra and plasma parameters of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for aluminum and copper metallic target is investigated. The samples are uniformly cooled down to −70 °C and heated up to 200 °C by an external liquid nitrogen and ceramic heater, respectively. The plasma formed is generated by ablating the surface targets using Nd:YAG laser with laser energies of 100 mJ, 200 mJ and 300 mJ. The emission spectra at ambient atmospheric pressure are recorded using HR4000 spectrometer. From these spectra, plasma temperatures and electron densities are determined by using Boltzmann plot and Stark broadening methods, respectively. A significant increase in the peak intensity of spectral lines is observed with increase in the laser energy as well as sample temperature for both elements. Both of these parameters have shown a clear influence on dynamics of laser-induced plasma for each species. In brief, both laser energy and sample temperature affect the emission intensity, temperature and density of the laser-induced plasma generated from aluminum and copper samples.
Influence of compaction times and pressures on rheological properties of kaolin and sawdust powder mixtures
Authors: Kurovics Emese , Ibrahim Jamal-Eldin F M , Gömze László A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this research, the compacting process and rheological properties of kaolin and bio-original additive (sawdust) mixtures were investigated based on compaction pressures and times. Relative compaction curves as a function of forming pressure and time were determined, the authors enabled to precisely specify the changes of the rheological models and rheological characteristics of these powder mixtures which have variable particle compactions and size distributions. varying the compression pressure and changing the composition ratio of the kaolin and sawdust powder mixtures leads to considerable changes in the rheological properties of the prepared mixture.
Fresh state properties of lime mortars with foam glass dust
Authors: Vyšvařil M , Krebs M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Fine glass waste has been found to be a suitable addition to lime mortars because of the high amorphous content. The behavior of fresh air lime mortars and natural hydraulic lime mortars modified by foam glass dust is assessed with the purpose of exploring a new application of this waste dust as lime mortar admixture. The rheological parameters were correlated with relative density measurements, water retention abilities of mortars and air content in mortars. The effect of foam glass dust was found to be dosage-dependent. The fresh mortars behave generally as Hershel–Bulkley fluids with an evolution of the rheological parameters with admixture content. The replacement of lime by foam glass dust caused a reduction in mixing water reducing the yield stress simultaneously; however, the viscosity of the resulting mortars slightly increased. A change in behavior of mortars from shear-thickening to shear-thinning was observed. The natural hydraulic lime based mortars showed a gradual change from thixotropic to rheopectic behavior with increasing glass dust addition. The foam glass dust appears to be well suited to air lime plaster mixtures used in machine thin-layer rendering due to its plasticizing properties, and ability to increase water retention and reduce air content in the mortars.
Application of the Ramberg-Osgood model in asphalt technology
Authors: Cho Seoyoung , Tóth Csaba , Primusz Péter 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The “Time-Temperature Superposition” known from rheology has long been a useful tool for studying the behaviour of asphalt mixture. Dynamic modulus values are measured at different temperatures and frequencies can be thoroughly studied using the master curves defined by using this principle. The master curves are usually constructed using the sigmoid functions. However, other types of functions could be used for this purpose as well. One such option is the Ramberg-Osgood material model designed to model the cyclic behaviour of soils. The present article seeks to find out how accurately the use of the Ramberg-Osgood material model can describe the material behaviour of asphalt mixtures, and if there are any new highlights compared to the commonly used master curve determination techniques.
Preparation and Investigation of Alumina-Zeolite Composite Materials
Authors: Ibrahim J F M , Kurovics E , Tihtih M , Somdee P , Gerezgiher A G , Nuilek K , Khine E E , Sassi M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this research, alumina-zeolite composite materials were synthesised by mechanical activation and oxidation sintering technique. A comprehensive examination of the microstructure of the starting raw materials and the sintered ceramic specimens have been studied via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, several properties were investigated such as volume shrinkage, density, porosity, weight loss and water absorption based on the compositions of the composite specimens, sintering temperature, and microstructure. The authors have found that the raw material compositions and the sintering temperature have great influence in the microstructure and the characteristic of the final prepared ceramic specimens.
Evaluating the properties and mineral phases of the expanded clay aggregates with the bentonite additive material
Authors: Abdelfattah M , Kocserha I , Géber R , Tihtih M , Móricz F 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Additive materials are the perfect solutions to improve the physical, mechanical and expansion properties of lightweight expanded clay aggregates (LECA). This work focused on studying the effect of bentonite materials on physical, mechanical, expansion properties and mineral phases of expanded clay aggregates. Samples were collected from Mályi quarry Miskolc, Hungary. These samples were studied by XRF, XRD, SEM and heating microscope. In addition, the physical and mechanical properties of specimens were measured according to relating standards. Results showed that, addition of bentonite material to the clay samples has great effect on bulk density, sintering and melting point and compressive strength of the aggregates. By using the three different amounts (5 %, 10 % and 20 %) of bentonite with the LECA, compressive strength of the aggregates was enhanced by 48 % to 112 % compared to aggregates without bentonite. 10 % of bentonite with aggregates was enhanced the height expansion of the aggregates by 50–68 %. In addition, 10 % of bentonite with LECA was most crucial, which decreased bulk density of aggregates by 5 % to 20 % compared with other added amounts of bentonite. According to XRD analysis, hercynite was one of the phases, which can control compressive strength of aggregates.
Microscopic structure of the low-lying negative-parity states in the proton-neutron symplectic model
Authors: Ganev H. G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The proton-neutron symplectic shell-model approach is applied to the description of the microscopic structure of the low-lying negative-parity states of the

K
π

=

0
1
−

and

K
π

=

1
1
−

bands in 154Sm and 238U without the introduction of additional degrees of freedom that are inherent to other approaches to odd-parity nuclear states. A good description of the energy levels of the two bands under consideration, as well as the reproduction of some energy splitting quantities which are usually introduced in the literature as a measure of the octupole correlations, is obtained for these two nuclei. Additionally, the low-energy B(E1) transition strengths between the states of the ground band and

K
π

=

0
1
−

band for the two nuclei are calculated in the extended proton-neutron symplectic model and compared with experiment. The results obtained reproduce well the experimental data for the two nuclei under consideration without the use of an effective charge, which could be considered as a significant achievement of the present approach.
Development of Aerobic Microbial Granules to Enhance the Performance of Activated Sludge Technology for Wastewater Treatment Application
Authors: Setianingsih Nanik Indah , Yuliasni Rustiana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Batik industry is one of textile industries in Indonesia generally in small and medium scale and has not good management of by-products in the form of wastewater. Wastewater from batik industry consist of complex and toxic pollutants hence need to be treated in order to support the development of environmentally friendly sustainable industry. Some researches have treated batik wastewater using conventional biological treatment such as anaerobic and activated sludge but optimal results have not been obtained. This research aims to develop a compact aerobic microbial granule with good endurance, which also rich in carbon and nutrient oxidizer bacteria to treat batik wastewater. Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) with volume of 8 L fed with Acetate (COD = 900-1000mg/L), then aerated for 180 minutes. Settling time variation was from 20 to 3 minutes, with 50% liquid withdrawal. In the 4 weeks operation there is increasing of MLVSS reached on 4760 mg/L with COD removal reach on 91,94%. The depletion of dissolved oxygen take effect on decreasing of MLVSS and COD removal.
Evaluation of Plant Structure in Urban Lake Ecosystem and Their Performance in Treatment Wetland Systems (TWS) to Maintain Lake Water Quality in Megacity Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Henny Cynthia , Kurniawan Riky 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Urban lakes have become important city landscape to help maintaining the balance of hydrology (groundwater and surface) and ecology in urban ecosystem. Due to experiencing encroachment and severe pollution problems, the lakes require urgent handling and management. One of the promising alternative solutions of lake restoration and management is applying ecosystem-based approaches and/or green technology such as treatment wetland systems using plants. This paper will review various types of tropical plants (terrestrial and aquatic plants) and evaluate their role in maintaining urban lake water quality in megacity Jakarta and their performance in treatment wetland systems from our previous and on-going studies. Plants with more important role to contribute to improve lake water quality are the submerged and emergent plants. The most common and robust types of aquatic plants in less abundance and balanced plant structure and composition at the lake shoreline and littoral area with controlled submerged plants and no indication of invasive species give better lake water quality of urban lakes. The most robust type of aquatic plants and few types of terrestrial plants studied could give significant nutrient and solids removal efficiency in both constructed and floating treatment wetland systems. Using plants with ecosystem-based approaches according to plant structure at the lake surroundings and in the treatment wetland systems could contribute to maintain better urban lake water quality.
The Use of Greywater for Hydroponics Plant in Griya Katulampa Bogor City
Authors: Widiyanti Astrini , Arifin Hadi Susilo , Arifjaya Nana Mulyana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The daily activities of the community in Griya Katulampa which are washing clothes, cooking, and activities in the bathroom produce greywater. Greywater from the activity directly flows to the Ciliwung River. This has the potential to cause pollution in river water bodies. The purpose of this paper wasto publish the results of research on the impact of the use of filtered greywater for hydroponic plants. This study used experimental methods in the field to build bioretention demonstration plot that is used to filter greywater for hydroponic media of various types of leaf vegetable plants. Based on the results of the study, the use of individual greywaterwas 171.2 litres/person/day. From the results of the observations, it was shown that hydroponic growth at 4 weeks (harvesting time) of the highest productivitywerewater spinach (96.9%), lettuce (75.0%), and spinach (51.5%). Water spinach as a potential plant at 4 weeks had an average growth rate of 31 cm high, 2 stems, 30 leaves. Filter media used to produce the highest productivity of water spinach on the leaf part was the combination media of active charcoal-cyperus. Leaf is a part of water spinach plant that is commonly consumed by the community.
Assessing urban water security: case study Jakarta
Authors: Tarigan S D , Mahera S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Water security is the availability of freshwater with sufficient quantity and quality at the right time. The water security is a prerequisite for economic security, as well as for socioecology and human security. The concept of water security has received increased attention over the past decade, in both policy and academic cycles. The assessment of water security can be carried out in city, watershed and country scale. The aim of this study is to calculate water security index at the city scale using Jakarta as case study and then to compare the index with another selected city in ASEAN region. When calculated temporally, the water security index can be used to evaluate the improvement of water infrastructure in a city. The assessment was carried using five dimensions and eight indicators, each one assigned with equal weights. The following dimensions were used: a) Domestic water security, b) Economic water security, c) Environmental water security, d) Water-related disaster, e) Governance and management. The selected indicators were water supply access, water quality, economic value of water, extent of water treatment, water quality of natural water bodies, impact of disaster, budget for water management, technological interventions. Based on the assessment, Jakarta is classified as low-medium water security. The dimensions that need strong improvement to increase water security index of Jakarta are environmental water security, water related disaster, and governance and management. The domestic water security was in the medium level but it should be further improved to secure the water, and for economic water security, it was in the very high level in water security. Comparing to Bangkok City, the water security index of Jakarta is slightly lower.
The importance of remnant vegetation coverage along riverbank in supporting urban river naturalization in Bogor City, Indonesia
Authors: Mosyaftiani Amarizni , Arifin Hadi Susilo , Kaswanto  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Human disturbances in urban river landscape and its riverbank cannot be avoided. The construction of buildings and other infrastructure are among the human disturbances which cause a serious decline in urban riverbank quality so that influencing the stability of its landscape ecological cycle. Exploration of vegetated urban riverbank in Indonesia, especially in Bogor City is very important to save its existence in supporting the naturalization of the Ciliwung River. This study aims to estimate the remnant vegetated urban riverbank along the Ciliwung River and estimate the value of landscape/ecosystem services along the riverbank in the Bogor City. This research was carried out by taking four sample locations of the 250 meters and 15 meters wide at the right and the left of the riverbank using aerial photography and processed with ArcGIS software. Then, the land cover delineation and ecosystem services of the four sample locations are estimated by random point sampling method as many as 500 points for each sample location using i-Tree Assessment. The results of this study indicated that vegetation cover along the riverbank in Bogor City is 62% or 300,443 m2 ± 1733.96 m2. The advantages of landscape service for tree vegetation along the Ciliwung riverbank in Bogor City, converted into economic value, is equal to IDR 178,272,333. The landscape ecological function of riparian vegetation has a large role in absorbing pollutant gases in cities, storing carbon in biomass and dust absorption as much as converted into these economic values. Protection and conservation of the remnant vegetated urban riverbank needs to be conducted with various stakeholders so that the value of landscape services can be increased optimally in achieving success of river naturalization for sustainable urban water system in Bogor City.
Changes in the Land Use Pattern of the Parat River Subwatershed, Salatiga, Central Java
Authors: Mulia Seviana , Jumari  , Utami Sri , Soeprobowati Tri Retnaningsih 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Rawapening Lake is one of the 15 national priority lakes and a pilot project of the GERMADAN (Gerakan Penyelamatan Danau) Indonesian. The main problems of Rawapening are eutrophication and sedimentation from water catchment area (agriculture, livestock, domestic and industrial waste) and from the water body itself with various changes in land use patterns that occur in the surrounding rivers. Parat River is one of 9 rivers that empties into Rawapening. This study aims to analyze patterns of land use change in the Parat River sub-watershed in the last 25 years, using geographic information systems (GIS) remote sensing applications. The time series used were 1994, 2000, 2003, 2009, 2014 and 2018. The data was interpreted based on the types of land cover and how the changes occurred during that time period. There are seven types of land cover identified in this study. The area increases of plantation land types (1.12%) and built-up land (5.69%), is in line with the decrease in the area of Rice field type (7.78%), savanna (0.44%), swamp grass (0.40%), open land (0.25%) and body of water (0.01%). Changes in the pattern of land use in the Parat River Sub-watershed, in line with the increase in the amount of contamination carried and then will affect the lake where it empties, which is Rawapening.
Religious based water management campaigns for sustainable development: prospects and challenges
Authors: Muhammad Sheriffdeen , Amal S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A raising awareness of the environmental issues associated with natural resources utilization and degradation has been grown since the past few decades. Depletion of the renewable and non-renewable environmental resources has occurred mainly as a result of unsustainable utilization. This paper presents the idea of water conservation and utilization campaigns based on Islamic principles, since Islamic religion still exerts great influence on societies and because water plays an extremely pivotal role within Islam. Awareness campaigns and water conservation programmes based on religious principles have proved very useful, beneficial and cost effective in different areas of the Muslim world. Teachings regarding practical and correct use of water in the Islamic religion were highlighted, applicable examples from some Muslim countries including the challenges were also highlighted, and it was concluded that public awareness campaigns based on Islamic principles, can be a powerful yet cost effective tool to supplement other water conservation and management policies.
Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability Using GOD Method
Authors: Sukmawati Rukmana Bantar Tyas , Bargawa Waterman Sulistyana , Cahyadi Tedy Agung 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Mining activities can affect the availability of groundwater both in quantity and quality. Example of mining activities that can cause pollution are overburden stockpiling, construction of haul road facilities and infrastructure, coal processing and stockpiling activities, workshops, and domestic waste disposal. One effort to maintain groundwater is to analyze the groundwater vulnerability. This research was conducted to analyze the vulnerability of groundwater to pollution of PT. X in Balangan, South Kalimantan. The method used to assess groundwater vulnerability in this study is the GOD method (groundwater occurrence or aquifer type, overall lithology of aquifer, and depth of groundwater). Determining the groundwater vulnerability class with this method will be based on three parameters, namely type of aquifer, lithology or rock type, and depth of groundwater table. The GOD method divides each parameter into several classes in consonance to the weight of each parameter corresponding to the effect on groundwater vulnerability. Based on the results of the analysis, it is indicated that the area of PT. X is included in the category of negligible and moderate vulnerability. The results of the analysis can be used for recommendations for groundwater management in the study area. The GOD method can also be used to determine groundwater vulnerability in urban areas that have different land uses.