bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences and HIV status of tuberculosis in adults at a rural hospital in southern Ethiopia: an 18-year retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: M Ramos José , Comeche Belén , Tesfamariam Abraham , Reyes Francisco , Tiziano Gebre , Balcha Seble , Edada Tamasghen , Biru Dejene , Pérez-Butragueño Mario , Górgolas Miguel 
Published: September 2020

Background. The aim of the study was to compare the epidemiology, clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of tuberculosis (TB), including HIV status, in women and men in southern rural Ethiopia.
Methods. We conducted a register-based retrospective cohort study covering the period from September 1998 to August 2015.
Results. We included records of 2252 registered TB patients: 1080 (48%) women and 1172 (52%) men. Median age was similar for women and men: 27.5 years and 25.0 years, respectively. Median weight in women was 43.0 kg (interquartile range IQR: 38.0, 49.0), significantly lower than in men (50.0 kg, IQR 44.0, 55.0; p = 0.01). Extrapulmonary TB was significantly more common in women than in men (34.1% versus 28.7%; p=0.006). Treatment outcomes were similar in both sexes: in 70.3% of women and 68.9% of men, TB mortality was slightly lower in women than men (4.7% vs. 6.5%; p=0.08). In patients with TB, female sex was independently associated with low weight (adjusted aOR: 0.91; 95% CI 0.90, 0.92), less mortality (aOR: 0.54; 95% CI 0.36, 0.81), and lymph node TB (aOR: 1.57; 95% CI 1.13, 2.19)
Conclusion. Lymph node TB was more common in women. Treatment outcomes were similar in both sexes, but women had a lower mortality rate.
Keywords: Tuberculosis; tuberculosis, lymph node; female; women; sex; gender; Ethiopia.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PKN MATERI NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA DALAM PRAKTIK PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAH NEGARA PADA SISWA KLEAS X SMAN 5 KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Musdiani  , Muslia  
Published: September 2020

This research is titled “Application of Model learning Based Learning to improve learning performance of PKN value material of Pancasila in the practice of State Government implementation in grade X students SMAN 5 Banda Aceh”. The problem in this research is the implementation of the students ' learning outcomes on the value of Pancasila material in the practice of government administration in the students of class X SAMN 5 Banda Aceh? This research aims to know the application of the problem based learning model to improve learning performance of PKN material value Pancasila in the practice of government administration in class X SMAN 5 Banda Aceh. The approach in this study is quantitative, while the type of research is PTK. The population in this study is the students of SMAN 5 Banda Aceh. Meanwhile, the student samples of Kleas X IPA 5 are 29 students using conventional learning models. For data collection This research uses pretes and postes. Data is analyzed by using the test-t formula. Data analysis results show that the problem based learning model can improve the learning performance of grade X students of SMAN 5 City Banda Aceh. This suggests that conventional learning models can improve the learning performance of the grade X students of SMAN 5 in Banda Aceh.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini berjudul "Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar PKN Materi Nilai Nilai Pancasila Dalam Praktik Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Negara Pada Siswa Kelas X SMAN 5 Kota Banda Aceh”. Adapun Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah penerapan ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa pada materi nilai pancasila dalam praktik penyelenggaraan pemerintah negera pada siswa kelas X SAMN 5 Kota Banda Aceh? Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar PKN materi nilai pancasila dalam praktik penyelenggaraan pemerintahan negara pada kelas X SMAN 5 Kota Banda Aceh. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif, sedangkan jenis penelitiannya adalah PTK. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMAN 5 Kota Banda Aceh. Sedangkan sampel siswa kleas X IPA 5 yang berjumlah 29 orang siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran konvensional. Untuk pengumpulan data Penelitian ini menggunakan pretes dan postes. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus uji-t. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran problem based learning dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas X SMAN 5 Kota Banda Aceh. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran konvensional dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa kelas X SMAN 5 Kota Banda Aceh.
Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning, Materi Nilai Nilai Pancasila Dalam Praktik Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Negara
PENERAPAN MEDIA POP-UP BOOK UNTUK PEMAHAMAN SUB TEMA KETAMPAKAN RUPA BUMI DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Safrina Junita  , Munzir  
Published: September 2020

This research is motivated by the results of observations and interviews conducted by researchers in several elementary schools in Aceh Besar and Banda Aceh which explain that teachers are still having trouble finding suitable media for learning, especially on themes that contain a lot of reading, one of them is in grade III elementary school , as in the sub-theme of the appearance of the earth with the characteristics of the sub-theme in the form of abstract material concepts and understanding is obtained by reading a lot so that an innovation is needed so that students remain active and can increase students' understanding during learning. The purpose of this research is to apply pop-up book learning media for students' understanding of the sub-theme of the appearance of the earth. The results of the application of the pop-up book media on the sub-theme of appearance of the earth can improve the understanding of students in class III SD 69 of the sub-theme. This is evidenced by the acquisition of student learning outcomes in the posttest with a percentage of 86.2% of students included in the category "Completed". Whereas in the pretest no students were declared "Complete". The results of student motivation to pop-up book media were very high at 87.6% and students stated that they were motivated by using pop-up book learning media.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh hasil observasi dan wawancara yang peneliti lakukan di beberapa sekolah dasar di Aceh Besar dan Banda Aceh yang menjelaskanbahwa guru masih kesulitan menemukan media yang cocok untuk pembelajaran terutama pada tema-tema yang mengandung banyak bacaan salah satunya adalah di kelas III SD,seperti pada sub tema ketampakan rupa bumi dengan karekteristik sub tema tersebut berupa konsep materi yang bersifat abstrak dan pemahamanannya didapat dengan banyak membaca sehingga dibutuhkan suatu inovasi supaya peserta didik tetap aktif dan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik selama pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menerapkan media pembelajaran pop-up bookuntuk pemahaman siswa terhadap sub tema ketampakan rupa bumi. Hasil penerapan media pop-up book pada sub tema ketampakan rupa bumi dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa kelas III SD 69 terhadap sub tema tersebut. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan perolehan nilai hasil belajar siswa pada posttest dengan persentase 86,2% siswa termasuk dalam katagori ”Tuntas” . Sedangkan pada pretest tidak ada siswa yang dinyatakan “Tuntas”. Hasil motivasi belajar siswa terhadap media pop-up book sangat tinggi yaitu 87,6% dan siswa menyatakan termotivasi dengan penggunaan media pembelajaran pop-up book.
Kata Kunci: Media Pembelajaran, Ketampakan Rupa Bumi, Pop-Up Book
MEDIA GAMBAR TERHADAP DISKALKULIA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Reflina Sinaga  , Ester Julinda Simarmata  
Published: September 2020

This type of research is research and development with quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods. The purpose of the implementation of this research is to analyze the development of media images of dyscalculia in primary schools. In this study using data analysis with interactive media validation through two stages namely qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis the percentage of aspects of the display given by the validator is 82.30%. For operational aspects, the percentage score data obtained is 90.20% and the validator interaction aspect gives a percentage score of 90.25%. Based on these data, the learning media developed can be categorized as very good and feasible to be used as supporting analysis.
Abstrak
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan metode deskriptif kuantitaif dan kualitatif. Adapun tujuan dari pelaksanaan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengembangan media gambar terhadap diskalkulia di sekolah dasar. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data dengan validasi media interaktif melalui dua tahap yakni analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif skor persentase aspek tampilan yang diberikan validator adalah 82,30%. Untuk aspek operasional didapat data skor persentase 90,20% dan aspek interaksi validator memberikan skor persentase sebesar 90,25%. Berdasarkan data tersebut maka media pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dapat dikategorikan sangat baik dan layak untuk digunakan sebagai pendukung analisis.
Kata Kunci : Media Gabar, Diskalkulia, Sekolah Dasar
PERBEDAAN SIKAP ILMIAH SISWA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY TRAINING DENGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DIRECT INSTRUCTION
Authors: Dyan Wulan Sari Hs  , Agus Kistian  
Published: September 2020

This study aims to analyze the differences in scientific attitudes of students using inquiry training learning models with direct instruction learning models. This research is a quasi-experimental study. In this study there are two classes that are used as an experimental class and a control class, the experimental class is a class that is treated with learning with inquiry training models, while the control class is a class using the direct instruction learning model. The instrument used consisted of a questionnaire to measure students' scientific attitudes in the posttest, as well as an observation sheet. The results of this study indicate that the average value of the scientific attitude of learning in the experimental class is 75.01 with a standard deviation of 7.373, while in the control class is 71.60 with a standard deviation of 7.935. The results of this research suggest that inquiry training learning model is a solution and an alternative choice for teachers in improving students' scientific attitudes.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan sikap ilmiah siswa menggunakan model pembelajaran inquiry training dengan model pembelajaran direct instruction. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi experiment). Dalam penelitian ini terdapat dua kelas yang digunakan sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol, kelas eksperimen merupakan kelas yang diberi perlakuan pembelajaran dengan model inquiry training, sedangkan kelas kontrol adalah kelas dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran direct instruction. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari berupa angket untuk mengukur sikap ilmiah siswa dalam posttest, serta lembar observasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai sikap ilmiah belajar pada kelas eksperimen sebesar 75,01 dengan simpangan baku sebesar 7,373, sedangkan pada kelas kontrol sebesar 71,60 dengan simpangan baku sebesar 7,935. Hasil penelitan ini menyarankan bahwa model pembelajaran inquiry training merupakan solusi dan alternatif pilihan guru dalam meningkatkan sikap ilmiah siswa.
Kata Kunci: Sikap Ilmiah, Inquiry Training, Direct Instruction
EVALUASI IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM ADIWIYATA UNTUK PESERTA DIDIK DI KELAS V SDN KEBON BESAR 1 KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Umi Sumiati As  , I Made Astra  , Rusmono  
Published: September 2020

This evaluation study was conducted aimed to find out how effective the Adiwiyata program was in habituating Kebon BESAR SDN 1 students in Tangerang City. In this study is a program evaluation with a qualitative approach using the CIPP model developed by Stufflebeam which includes 4 (four) components, namely: 1) context (Countek), 2) Input (Input), 3) Process (Process), 4) Results (Product). Data retrieval is done by observation, interviews, documentation studies, and questionnaires. The Adiwiyata school program is evaluated as follows: 1) UKS, 2) Thursday without plastic, 3) Bathroom cleanliness, 4) Learning innovations, 5) Saturday lunch, 6) Biopori, 7) Swimming, 8) Plant nurseries, 9) Parks . Evaluation results have shown that habituation effectiveness reaches 84, 45% results with this indicating that the Adiwiyata school program has a very good contribution to the habituation of Kebon Besar 1 Elementary School students in Tangerang City. The results of this study imply that the school adiwiyata program needs to be implemented as part of how to habituate students.
Abstrak
Penelitian evaluasi ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif program Adiwiyata dalam pembiasaan peserta didik SDN Kebon BESAR 1 Kota Tangerang. Dalam penelitian ini merupakan evaluasi program dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan model CIPP yang dikembangkan oleh Stufflebeam yang mencakup 4 (empat) komponen yaitu: 1) kontek (Countek), 2) Masukan(Input), 3) Proses (Process), 4) Hasil (Product). Pengambilan data yang dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, studi dokumentasi, dan angket. Program Adiwiyata sekolah yang dievaluasi sebagai berikut: 1) UKS, 2) kamis tanpa plastik, 3) Kebersihan kamar mandi, 4) Inovasi pembelajaran, 5) Sabtu bersi, 6) Biopori, 7) Kolam, 8) Pembibitan tanaman, 9) Taman. Hasil evaluasi telah menunjukan bahwa efektifitas pembiasaan mencapai hasil 84, 45 % dengan ini menunjukan bahwa program Adiwiyata sekolah memiliki kontribusi yang sangat baik terhadap pembiasaan peserta didik SDN Kebon Besar 1 Kota Tangerang. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bahwa program adiwiyata sekolah perlu dilaksanakan sebagai bagian dari cara pembiasaan peserta didik.
Kata kunci : Program Adiwiyata, Evaluasi Program, Pembiasaan
Low prevalence of Obesity and pattern of food habits among Nepalese Medical Students
Authors: Panta Prem Prasad , Amgain Kapil , Sharma Deepak , Chapagain Nirmala , Kafle Phanindra 
Published: September 2020

Background: Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, including cancer. The risk of NCDs increases, with increases of body mass index (BMI). Food choices and eating habits have been changed according to the pace of development and urbanization. Such a nutritional transition has been claimed for increasing rates of overweight and obesity which are recently observed in our adolescent and youths. Adolescents and youths are vulnerable groups of the development of overweight and obesity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and the associated food pattern among Nepalese medical students.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 170 medical students of Nepal Medical College of 17 to 26 years in December 2018 using a self-administered questionnaire to assess the pattern of eating habit and prevalence of overweight and obesity by using BMI classification. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software, and the Chi-square test was used to establish the relationship of variables.
Results: The study showed that 7.1% of the participants were overweight and obese with average BMI of 21.46± 2.74. Three-fourth (72.4%) of the participants reported taking meals regularly. Two third of the participants (65.9%) reported that they consume vegetables and the vast majority (83.5%) had eaten fruits at least a day.
Less than half of the students (44.1%) were found to be alcohol users whereas consumption of smoking was not common (1.2%). Demographic variables such as the income of the family and ethnicity were significantly associated with BMI (p <.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity was found to be low in comparison of national scenario as the healthy food habits were predominant among the medical students.
Keywords: Eating habit, Medical students, Obesity, Overweight
Vezet a ritmus és tanít is
Authors: Alencsik Melinda 
Published: September 2020

A statisztikák és a pedagógusok tapasztalatai szerint az utóbbi időkben az iskolákban egyre több a beilleszkedési, magatartási és tanulási nehézséggel küzdő, devianciára hajlamos tanuló. Tudatos irányítás, megfelelő szervezettség, empatikus pedagógus attitűd mellett a tánc ugyanakkor levezeti a fölös energiákat, oldja a feszültséget, erősíti a testet, növeli az állóképességet, teret ad az önkifejezésre, az egyéniség kibontakoztatására és még számtalan egyéb pozitív hatással bír.
Az önmagukat és a világban helyüket kereső kamaszok számára nagyszerű közösségi terep a tánccsoport, ahol megtapasztalhatják az elfogadottság érzését, ugyanakkor a kortársak referenciát, egyféle igazodási pontot is jelentenek. Minderre nagyszerű bizonyíték Pierre Dulaine, a francia származású táncos és kiváló táncpedagógus munkássága (mely a Vezet a ritmus című filmben is látható). Számára a táncos képességek fejlesztésénél előbbre való a tanítványok szociális készségeinek fejlesztése és érzelmi nevelésük.
Tánc és matematika kapcsolatának vizsgálata első osztályosoknál
Authors: Pálinkás-Molnár Mónika , Bernáth László 
Published: September 2020

A tánc és a matematika első hallásra két, egymástól igen távol álló fogalomnak tűnhet. Tanulmányunk elméleti részében azt mutatjuk be, hogy a matematikai- és a téri képesség között erős kapcsolat van, továbbá a tánc és a téri képesség között is kimutatható összefüggés. Ebből viszont az a hipotézis következik, hogy a tánc fejleszti a téri képességet és ezen keresztül a matematikai képességet is. Ezt első osztályos gyerekekkel vizsgáltuk.
Az egy hónapig tartó foglalkozások során kreatív gyermektánc és mozgásos drámapedagógiai feladatokat használtunk. A gyermekek előzetes és a foglalkozások utáni tudását egy matematikai és egy téri képességeket mérő feladatsorral mértük. Az általunk kapott negatív eredmény lehetséges okait megkíséreltük feltárni.
A REVIEW ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS IN REDUCING CARDIOVASCULAR MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY RISKS
Authors: Nawaz Maham , Siddiq Afshan , Baig Sadia Ghousia , Basri Qudsia 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are long been preferred as a therapeutic choice for cardiovascular disease due to its safe supremacy to overcome the deleterious effects of Angiotensin II, which is a strong vasoconstrictor increases the levels of different growth factors and adhesion molecules. It produces an oxidative stress that accounts for its apoptotic properties. The cardiac myocyte undergoes necrosis induced by angiotensin II and it also activates neurohumoral system in post infarction left ventricular dysfunction patients. ACE inhibitors reduce the production of angiotensin II by endothelial cells. It also simultaneously diminishes the deprivation of bradykinin that results in vasodilation to overcome the effects of angiotensin II by exerting its anti-apoptotic actions. Clinical trials such as SAVE, SOLVD, AIRE and TRACE indicated that the life expectancy can be increase by ACE inhibitors in patients having left ventricular dysfunction. EUROPA study suggested that in all patients of coronary heart diseases, perindopril is a treatment of choice along with other preventive therapies. Evidences of clinical researches supports the usage of ACE inhibitors and showed improve clinical results in patients with primary hypertension, stable coronary artery diseases, stable ischemic diseases with preserved ventricular function or reduced ventricular function, and myocardial infarction.FDA has approved that ACE inhibitors as adjunctive therapy in systolic heart failure, and in patients with a history of myocardial infarction and those having reduced ejection fraction to prevent HF. Perindopril is also approved by FDA for cases of stable coronary artery diseases and it is helpful to reduce the risk of mortality with Myocardial infarction. Key Words: Angiotensin II, Cardiac Dysfunction, Coronary artery disease, Heart Failure, Hypertension
ACUTE ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH TWO CULPRIT VESSELS AND ITS REVASCULARIZATION STRATEGY
Authors: Ahmed Salman , Ahmed Bashir , Shah Jehangir Ali , Hassan Muhammad , Hakeem Abdul , Hussain Iftikhar 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It usually occurs due to thrombotic occlusion of single coronary artery. Rarely, it can also occur due thrombotic occlusion of more than one coronary artery which is deem to be associated with lethal complications. Here we present similar case of a 60 years old male admitted in the hospital with presenting complain of typical chest pain for 10 hours. There was no past medical history of any disease. On investigation, ECG showed ST-segment elevation in multiple leads (V1-V6, II, III, Avf). Coronary angiogram showed occlusive thrombus in right coronary artery (RCA) and left Anterior Descending artery (LAD). Both Arteries were re-canalized and stents were placed in both arteries. There was slow flow in both arteries post-stenting so despite of stent under expansion it was planned to do Staged Post dilatation. Patient was administered GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor for 48 hours and low molecular weight heparin for 4 days followed by post-dilatation with non-compliant balloon. After giving antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy, post-dilatation of both stents was done as staged procedure. Keywords: ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Primary PCI, Double Coronary Artery Thrombosis
IMMEDIATE OUTCOME AFTER PERCUTANEOUS DEVICE CLOSURE OF SECUNDUM ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT
Authors: Younas Muhammad , Beg Ahsan , Chaudhry Touseef Asma 
Published: September 2020

Objective: To determine immediate outcome after percutaneous device closure of secundum atrial septal defect in children and adults. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted at Paediatric Cardiology department, Ch. Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan from 2011 to 2019. Patients with moderate to large ASD secundum with RV volume overload were selected .Patients below 10 Kg and with severe pulmonary hypertension were excluded. Procedures were performed either under general anaesthesia or deep sedation. Immediate outcome after procedure was studied. Results: A total of 86 patients underwent ASD device closure. Mean age was 25 ± 1.4 (4 -54 years) and male to female ratio 1:2. Mean defect was 20.57 ± 0.57 (09 to 32 mm). Pulmonary valvuloplasty was performed in 03 patients (3.5 %). Device size was selected on the basis of echo measurement + 2-5 mm. Balloon sizing was performed only in 4 (4.6 %) cases. Septal occluders from different companies were used with equal good results. Balloon assisted technique was used in 09 (10 %) patients. Two devices (2.3 %) were embolized. In both cases IVC margin was deficient .Transient arrhythmias were observed in 07 (8%). One patient each of pericardial effusion and clot on left atrial disc were observed and treated conservatively. There was no mortality. Conclusion: Percutaneous closure of moderate to large ASD secundum in children and adults is a safe procedure with good immediate outcome. IVC margin is crucial to prevent device embolization. The most of the complications are uncommon, transient and can be managed. Keywords: ASD secundum, Device Closure, immediate outcome