bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aerococcus urinae urinary tract infections: A case series
Authors: Maraki Sofia , Mavromanolaki Viktoria Eirini , Stafylaki Dimitra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAerococcus urinae is an uncommon uropathogen that mainly affect the elderly with predisposing conditions. Aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) by A. urinae and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates, over the last 3 years at our institution. The medical records and microbiological data of patients from whom A. urinae was isolated from urine cultures at the university hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece, between 2020 and 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. The isolates were identified by the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Susceptibilities for antimicrobial agents were determined by the disk diffusion method and results were interpreted using the 2024 EUCAST breakpoints. The minimum inhibitory concentration for fosfomycin was evaluated by the MIC Test Strip method. A. urinae was encountered in cultures of 24 patients. The median patient's age was 72 years, and females slightly outnumbered males. Underlying diseases such as urologic disease, chronic lung disease, chronic kidney disease, heart disease, diabetes mellitus and dementia were found in 79.2% of patients. Two of the patients did not meet the criteria for a UTI. Susceptibility rates to penicillin, amoxicillin, meropenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, rifampicin, vancomycin, nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin were 100%, 100%, 100%, 83.3%, 79.2%, 100%, 100%, 95.8%, and 91.7%, respectively. Further surveillance studies and clinical trials are needed to confirm our data and to investigate the in vivo efficacy of the antimicrobial agents to treat UTIs by A. urinae.
Health risk assessment of dietary aflatoxin B1 exposure in common food matrices in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Duy , Nguyen Thuy Ngan Ha , Ly Tuan Kiet , Le Thanh Tho , Truong Ngoc Minh , Nguyen Tien Dat , Nguyen Quoc Hung 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAflatoxins, potent carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus species, persist in various foods, posing significant health risks upon consumption. This study assesses dietary aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure in Vietnam using Margin of Exposure (MOE) and Hazard Index (HI) to evaluate risk levels in peanuts, chili powder, corn, and raisins. AFB1 levels were quantified by UPLC-FLD. AFB1 was detected in 71.5% of chili powder, 29.3% of peanuts, and 26.0% of corn samples, with no detectable levels in raisins. Peanuts and corn kernels were classified as high-risk, with MOE values below 10,000 (peanuts: 25.8–56.6; corn: 42.3–92.6) and HI values exceeding 1, potentially contributing to 20.4–44.7 and 12.5–27.3 liver cancer cases per 100,000 adults, respectively. In contrast, chili powder had MOE values between 3,208 and 7,021 and HI below 1, indicating a low public health risk. Raisins were deemed safe with MOE over 200,000 and HI at 0.01. Results also indicated higher cancer risk for women and lean individuals consuming the same AFB1 levels. These findings underscore the need for focused risk management strategies to mitigate AFB1 exposure and protect public health in Vietnam.
Clinical, morphological and genetic characteristics of young patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with indications for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
Authors: Davydova V. G. , Gudkova A. Ya. , Krutikov A. N. , Poliakova A. A. , Kostareva A. A. 
Published: December 2024

Aim. To study the clinical, morphological and genetic characteristics of young patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with indications for primary and secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD).Material and methods. The study included 44 young patients with HCM who were examined in accordance with national clinical guidelines for HCM (2020). The AHA HCM SCD Calculator was used to calculate the risk of SCD. The genetic study was performed using a target panel of 108 genes associated with cardiomyopathies.Results. In the study cohort, young patients in 72,7% of cases (n=32) had from 1 to 3 cardiometabolic risk factors (on average 1,53±0,8).The age of 18 patients with indications for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) ranged from 18 to 44 years (28,8±2,2). The age at diagnosis was 18,5±7,4 years, while the asymptomatic period lasted 6,4±0,9 years. The estimated risk of SCD ranged from 3,11 to 20,71% (6,15 [4,67; 7,32]). In 83,3% of cases (n=15), familial HCM was diagnosed, while 50% (n=9) had a positive family history of SCD. In the subgroup of patients with indications for ICD, genetic variants with pathogenic significance (class IV and V) encoding the production of sarcomere proteins were detected in 6 of 9 probands (66,7%).In patients with indications for ICD (n=18), compared to patients without it (n=26), the diagnosis of HCM was more often established in childhood and adolescence (61,1% vs 23%, p=0,01). In patients with indications for ICD, the reverse curvature hypertrophy of the interventricular septum was significantly more often diagnosed (72,2% vs 38,5%, p=0,028). Among patients with indications for ICD, the proportion of people with low physical activity was 50% (n=9), of which 55,6% (n=5) were diagnosed with overweight/class 1 obesity.Conclusion. Childhood and adolescence at the time of diagnosis of HCM and reverse curvature hypertrophy of the interventricular septum are significantly more common in young patients with indications for ICD.
Relationship between office and ambulatory blood pressure and various stress coping strategies in young adults
Authors: Yufereva Yu. M. , Naumov Ya. A. , Timofeev R G. , Shevchenko A. O. 
Published: December 2024

Aim. To study the relationship between office and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) and various stress coping strategies in healthy young adults.Material and methods. The design of the cross-sectional study included individuals of health status groups I or II aged 20 to 29 years with office BP <140/90 mm Hg. All individuals included in the study underwent office BP measurement and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). To determine the frequency of coping strategies, a Ways of Coping Questionnaire was used. For statistical analysis, the Stattech program, version 4.0.6 (Russia) was used.Results. The study included 347 participants, including 101 (29,1%) males; the median age was 22 (21-23) years. Linear dependencies were established between office BP and various ABPM parameters with three stress coping strategies: confrontation, avoidance, and seeking social support. The frequency of confrontation correlated with the greatest number of parameters, both assessed in office BP and ABPM. A direct dependence was noted between confrontation and office systolic blood pressure (SBP) (ρ=0,109; p=0,042) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (ρ=0,174; p=0,001), as well as average 24-hour SBP (ρ=0,120; p=0,025) and average day-time SBP (ρ=0,128; p=0,017). The avoidance frequency also directly correlated with the level of office DBP (ρ=0,158; p=0,003). With an increase in avoidance use by 1 point, clinical DBP increases by 0,13 mm Hg. At the same time, an inverse linear relationship was established between the strategy of seeking social support and night-time DBP (ρ=-0,112; p=0,036). With an increase in the frequency of seeking social support by 1 point, a decrease in the average night-time DBP by 0,07 mm Hg is expected.Conclusion. In young people, the level of office and outpatient BP linearly depends on the frequencies of using three models of coping behavior: confrontation, avoidance, and seeking social support.
SUICÍDIO NOS TRANSTORNOS POR USO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS: UMA ANÁLISE DE PACIENTES INTERNADOS EM COMUNIDADES TERAPÊUTICAS
Authors: Stelo de Mattos Luiza Maria , Vitória Calheiros Paulo Renato , Félix Júnior Itamar José Félix Júnior 
Published: December 2024

Diversas pesquisas tem revelado que o uso abusivo de substâncias pode aumentar o risco de suicídio. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o risco de suicídio entre pacientes com Transtornos Relacionados à Substâncias Psicoativas. Participaram da pesquisa 150 pessoas, em sua maioria homens (95,3%) e mulheres apenas 4,7%, solteiros (83,3%), baixa renda (58,7%) e baixa escolaridade (59,3%). Os participantes têm idades entre 18 e 70 anos e estavam, no momento da coleta, em comunidades terapêuticas. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a ficha de dados sociodemográficos e a Escala de Risco de Suicídio de Beck (BSI). Foi observado que 94,7% dos participantes não possui risco de suicídio atual, no entanto ao observar o histórico de suicídio, 14% teve uma tentativa de suicídio e 25,3% possui duas ou mais tentativas de suicídio. É discutida a influência da religiosidade das Comunidades Terapêuticas para a possível redução do risco de suicídio. Os resultados podem contribuir para políticas públicas voltadas para o manejo do suicídio em comunidades terapêuticas considerando a autonomia do sujeito e evidências científicas de sua eficácia.
MELHORANDO A COMPREENSÃO DOS ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO SOBRE LIGAÇÕES QUÍMICAS: UMA ABORDAGEM DIDÁTICA COM CHARADA E EXPERIMENTO
Authors: Luisa Nonato Jesus Dos Santos Gabriele , Santos de Araujo Batista Tatiana , Pinto de Albuquerque Melo Rosanne 
Published: December 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo melhorar a compreensão dos estudantes do Ensino Médio acerca das ligações químicas. A proposta didática foi aplicada em uma turma de 1º ano do Centro de Excelência Professor João Costa, uma escola da rede estadual de Sergipe, como parte do Estágio Supervisionado II, com o tema “Ligações Químicas em uma abordagem estimulante”. A análise da compreensão dos alunos sobre o conteúdo das ligações químicas foi realizada por meio de diferentes abordagens pedagógicas, utilizando como metodologias principais charada e experimento. Os resultados obtidos revelam percepções significativas sobre a motivação dos alunos, a eficácia de atividades descontraídas e as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos estudantes. Observou-se uma ampliação significativa na compreensão dos conceitos e teorias abordados. Isso destaca a importância de adotar uma abordagem pedagógica diversificada e adaptativa para garantir a motivação, compreensão e engajamento dos alunos no estudo da Química.
La formación integral y transdisciplinar: retos, dificultades y perspectivas
Authors: Martínez Hernández Daniela Patricia , Ambris Mendoza Filomeno 
Published: December 2024

La presente investigación recupera la experiencia de profesores referida a la formación integral asumida desde las epistemologías emergentes, en donde, a través de un proceso de lectura de realidad, se escuchan discursos centrados en la formación integral pero que no se hacen presentes en la realidad, lo que permitió generar una indagación centrado en un estudio de caso. La experiencia se instrumentó con una entrevista semiestructurada, que cuestionó sobre concepciones y experiencias entorno a la integralidad, visualizando discursos donde se asume como sinónimo de valores y no desde la complejidad que el enfoque de la piscología integral, alojada en la Teoría del Todo, asume para la formación de los sujetos. Dentro de los discursos, se entrevera la evaluación de los estudiantes por sus capacidades cognitivas y dejando de lado los rasgos de los sujetos que se articular para formar en la complejidad. La investigación concluye con la reflexión en torno a la necesidad de los cambios de paradigmas; las interacciones centradas en evaluar sujetos desde la cantidad y las habilidades cognitivas desarticuladas de las sociales, emocionales, espirituales entre otras, sigue presente y se deja de lado la apuesta por la formación en la transdisciplina, la criticidad y la complejidad.
Políticas para el desarrollo regional sobre la base de competencias STEM: La región de Ñuble, Chile
Authors: Toledo Montiel José Fernando 
Published: December 2024

La región de Ñuble enfrenta importantes desafíos estructurales, como desigualdades educativas, limitaciones tecnológicas y una economía basada en sectores tradicionales. En respuesta, STEM se presenta como un enfoque transformador que combina innovación, inclusión y sostenibilidad, permitiendo abordar estas dificultades. Este artículo analiza cómo la integración de STEM en políticas públicas, como la Estrategia Regional de Desarrollo 2030, puede catalizar el progreso económico y social de Ñuble. El enfoque STEM responde a las necesidades locales de la región de Ñuble y se alinea con la agenda global de educación STEM. Estas políticas han demostrado éxito al integrar tecnología avanzada y prácticas educativas innovadoras, ofreciendo un modelo transformador aplicable a contextos rurales como el de Ñuble. En el contexto de Ñuble, este enfoque puede ser clave para diseñar programas que aprovechen las interacciones sociales significativas y los aprendizajes guiados, fortaleciendo el compromiso de los jóvenes con el STEM.

Adicionalmente, se exploran los vínculos entre STEM y sostenibilidad, destacando su capacidad para impulsar cambios estructurales en comunidades rurales. Esto incluye mejorar competencias educativas y generar empleos en sectores emergentes como la tecnología verde. El análisis incluye una visión comparativa que examina programas exitosos en América Latina, Asia y Europa, adaptando sus lecciones al contexto particular de Ñuble. Se destacan casos de éxito internacionales y locales, como ecosistemas de aprendizaje rural y programas de participación comunitaria, los cuales ofrecen un modelo para promover la equidad y la competitividad regional.
Finalmente, en un contexto global la región de Ñuble tiene una oportunidad única de transformación mediante la educación STEM, posicionándose como un referente en desarrollo sostenible e inclusivo. Por ello, integrar la teoría organizacional en la educación STEM puede conducir a cambios sistémicos y sostenibles. Estos marcos ofrecen perspectivas sobre el isomorfismo institucional, que explica cómo las organizaciones se adaptan a presiones externas y evolucionan a través de procesos de aprendizaje compartido. Esta perspectiva se alinea con los esfuerzos regionales para aprovechar STEM en el progreso económico y educativo de Ñuble.
Effect of Glycerol on Physical, Mechanical and Color Properties of Chicken Intestine Gelatin Films
Authors: Gumilar J. , Pratama A. , Wulandari E. , Tavares L. , Maharani R. 
Published: December 2024

Background: The vast majority of the polymers for plastic food packaging used today are synthetic. The increasing use of synthetic plastic packaging films causes severe ecological problems. Hence, there is a thin layer of ecologically beneficial and consumable packaging material found to replace plastic called as edible film. The main ingredient to make edible film is gelatin. Edible film made from chicken intestines gelatin has not been carried out. Gelatin films offer a strong defense against light, air and scent transfer, but they can be too fragile as packaging material. Glycerol can be used as a plasticizer to solve these weak. This work aims to establish the best glycerol concentration on the physical, mechanical and color properties of edible films. Methods: This research applied a completely randomized design, involving five glycerol concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%) and three replications. The data collected were further analyzed using the variance test and the Tukey test was used to find out the differences between the treatments provided. Result: According to the findings, glycerol concentration treatments had a significant effect (P less than 0.05) on moisture content, thickness, water vapor permeability, solubility, tensile strength, elongation, Young’s modulus, L* and transparency. While a*, b*, DE and WI had no significant effect (P greater than 0.05). In this case, the best chicken intestine gelatin edible film was made of 10% glycerol concentration.
Da periferia ao centro
Authors: Oliveira Cláudia de 
Published: December 2024

Este artigo trata da trajetória de Angelina Agostini em Londres, entre 1914 e c.1920, para mostrar como a artista, em plena Primeira Guerra Mundial, cruzou fronteiras, literal e metaforicamente, para se aprimorar como artista e afirmar-se como mulher independente, num momento em que ambas as posições ainda estavam longe de serem favoráveis às mulheres. O artigo divide-se em sete seções. Inicia-se com a participação de Angelina na exposição da Royal Academy of Arts em 1917, para a qual foi selecionada a despeito da misoginia do Royal Committee; prossegue discutindo a tela Model’s Rest, para indicar a sintonia da brasileira com uma produção de nus femininos então realizados por artistas mulheres britânicas e como essas obras femininas fizeram parte da luta por igualdade de direitos para as mulheres em geral e as artistas em particular. Em seguida, analisamos seu autorretrato, realizado em 1915, para evidenciar como a artista em Londres vai se convertendo na “Nova Mulher” moderna. Prosseguimos apresentando a produção artística feminina durante a Guerra, bem como a participação de Angelina Agostini em exposições no imediato Pós-guerra. Finalizamos com uma descrição do fervilhante bairro de Chelsea, considerado a Montmartre londrina à época, onde Angelina viveu e trabalhou, e onde a intensa sociabilidade favorecia aos artistas vivenciarem uma formação artística não convencional.
Prognostic value of lymphocyte subset levels in hepatocellular carcinoma following conventionally fractionated vs. stereotactic body radiotherapy
Authors: Wang Si-Tong , Chen Yi-Xing , Gao Yu-Nan , Yang Ping , Zhao Qian-Qian , Zeng Zhao-Chong , Zhuang Yuan 
Published: December 2024

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) on peripheral lymphocyte subset levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to assess the association between radiotherapy (RT)-induced lymphopenia and patient prognosis.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 137 HCC patients who underwent either CFRT or SBRT between July 2011 and January 2018. Variables were obtained within 1 week before RT, and 1 day and 2 months post-RT, respectively. Peripheral lymphocyte subsets, including CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, and NK cells, were measured using flow cytometry. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to investigate independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS).
Results: The one-year and two-year OS rates were 80.0% and 55.0%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified tumor size > 4.5 cm, multiple tumors, and post-RT CD4+ T cell count < 231/μL and CD8+ T cell count < 179/μL as independent factors associated with inferior OS in HCC patients. Severe lymphopenia (< 0.5 × 109/L) occurred in 70.0% of patients following CFRT compared to 23.0% in SBRT patients. Patients who received SBRT exhibited higher total lymphocyte counts and subset levels 1 day and 2 months post-treatment compared to those receiving CFRT (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified the number of RT fractions as an independent factor for severe lymphopenia. Further analysis revealed that CD19+ B cells were predominantly depleted and recovered more slowly than other populations, whereas CD8+ T cells demonstrated rapid recovery. Among SBRT patients, higher levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells post-treatment were associated with longer OS (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: SBRT may induce less severe lymphopenia than CFRT. Decreases in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell levels post-SBRT may independently predict worse OS in HCC patients.
RANKING OF CONSUMERS-REGULATORSELECTRICAL LOAD
Authors: Kalinchyk Vasyl , Borichenko Olena , Meita Oleksandr , Kalinchyk Vitalii , Pobigaylo Vitalii 
Published: December 2024

It is shown that managing electricity consumption by regulating the power of consumer-regulators is an important factor in reducing the loads of industrial enterprises. It is shown that during peak hours of the power system, it is advisable to reduce the capacity of enterprises to level the overall schedule of electrical loads. The procedure for reducing the total load can be achieved by regulating the power consumption of consumers - regulators or by disconnecting them. To rank consumers-regulators, it is necessary to perform an optimization procedure. For the optimization procedure, we propose the use of combinatorial algorithms based on heuristic schemes for finding solutions. The method of finding the optimal list of such consumers using a genetic algorithm, a heuristic search method used to solve optimization and modeling problems by randomly selecting a combination and variation of the noise parameters using mechanisms similar to natural selection, is investigated. To solve the problem, a software model of the evolutionary process - the development of a certain population of individuals - is created. An algorithm is described that can be used to obtain the most optimal solution for the choice of consumers at an enterprise. The genetic algorithm is considered to solve the problem of selecting the composition of consumers at the lower level of the enterprise's power grid. In the process of selection, the functions of loss and number of switching are analyzed, which tend to minimize when searching for a solution. The program model of the evolutionary process includes the following stages: creation of the initial population; crossing; mutation. A detailed description of the genetic algorithm, its essence, and the principle of its application for load regulation by selecting the optimal consumer option for regulating the electric load are considered. The criteria for selecting the most optimal list of consumer-regulators are the functions of loss and the number of switching operations.
Modern Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models in Graduate Medical Education: A Scoping Review of Attitudes, Applications &amp; Practice
Authors: Verghese Basil George , Iyer Charoo , Borse Tanvi , Cooper Shiamak , White Jacob , Sheehy Ryan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) holds transformative potential for graduate medical education (GME), yet, a comprehensive exploration of AI's applications, perceptions, and limitations in GME is lacking.
Objective
To map the current literature on AI in GME, identifying prevailing perceptions, applications, and research gaps to inform future research, policy discussions, and educational practices through a scoping review.
Methods
Following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and the PRISMA-ScR checklist a comprehensive search of multiple databases up to February 2024 was performed to include studies addressing AI interventions in GME.
Results
Out of 1734 citations, 102 studies met the inclusion criteria, conducted across 16 countries, predominantly from North America (72), Asia (14), and Europe (6). Radiology had the highest number of publications (21), followed by general surgery (11) and emergency medicine (8). The majority of studies were published in 2023. Following key themes were identified:
· Adoption Perceptions: Initially mixed attitudes, have shifted towards favorable perceptions, with increasing support for integrating AI education.
· Assessments: AI can differentiate skill levels and provide feedback
· Evaluations: AI can effectively analyze narrative comments to assess resident performance.
· Recruitment: AI tools analyze letters of recommendation, applications, and personal statements, identifying biases and enhancing equity.
· Standardized Examinations: AI models consistently outperformed average candidates in board certification and in-training exams.
· Clinical Decision-Making: AI tools can support trainees with diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.
Conclusions
This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of applications and limitations of AI in GME but is limited with potential biases, study heterogeneity, and evolving nature of AI.