bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic zinc resistance does not correlate with antimicrobial multi-resistance in fecal E. coli isolates of piglets
Authors: Ghazisaeedi Fereshteh , Ciesinski L. , Bednorz C. , Johanns V. , Pieper L. , Tedin K. , Wieler L. H. , Günther Sebastian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Following the ban on antimicrobial usage for growth promotion in animal husbandry in the EU, non-antimicrobial agents including heavy metal ions (e.g. zinc and copper), prebiotics or probiotics have been suggested as alternatives. Zinc has extensively been used in pig farming, particularly during weaning of piglets to improve animal health and growth rates. Recent studies, however, have suggested that high dietary zinc feeding during weaning of piglets increases the proportion of multi-drug resistant E. coli in the gut, contraindicating the appropriateness of zinc as an alternative. The underlying mechanisms of zinc effects on resistant bacteria remains unclear, but co-selection processes could be involved. In this study, we determined whether E. coli isolates from intestinal contents of piglets that had been supplemented with high concentrations of zinc acquired a higher tolerance towards zinc, and whether multi-drug resistant isolates tolerated higher zinc concentrations. In addition, we compared phenotypic zinc and copper resistance of E. coli isolates for possible correlation between phenotypic resistance/tolerance to different bivalent ionic metals.

Results
We screened phenotypic zinc/copper tolerance of 210 isolates (including antimicrobial resistant, multi-drug resistant, and non-resistant E. coli) selected from two, independent zinc-feeding animal trials by determining a zinc/copper minimal inhibitory concentration (Merlin, Bornheim-Hersel, Germany). In both trials, groups of piglets were supplemented either with high dietary zinc (> 2000 ppm) or control (50–70 ppm, background) concentrations. Our observations showed that high concentration zinc exposure did not have an effect on either zinc or copper phenotypic tolerance of E. coli isolates from the animals. No significant association was found between antimicrobial resistance and phenotypic zinc/copper tolerance of the same isolates.

Conclusion
Our findings argue against a co-selection mechanism of antimicrobial drug-resistance and zinc tolerance after dietary zinc supplementation in weaning piglets. An explanation for an increase in multi-drug resistant isolates from piglets with high zinc dietary feeding could be that resistant bacteria to antimicrobial agents are more persistent to stresses such as zinc or copper exposure.
5-Hydroxymethylcytosine signatures in circulating cell-free DNA as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for coronary artery disease
Authors: Dong Chaoran , Chen Jiemei , Zheng Jilin , Liang Yiming , Yu Tao , Liu Yupeng , Gao Feng , Long Jie , Chen Hangyu , Zhu Qianhui , He Zilong , Hu Songnian , He Chuan , Lin Jian , Tang Yida , Zhu Haibo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
The 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) DNA modification is an epigenetic marker involved in a range of biological processes. Its function has been studied extensively in tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, and atherosclerosis. Studies have reported that 5hmC modification is closely related to the phenotype transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial dysfunction. However, its role in coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been fully studied.

Results
To investigate whether 5hmC modification correlates with CAD pathogenesis and whether 5hmC can be used as a biomarker, we used a low-input whole-genome sequencing technology based on selective chemical capture (hmC-Seal) to firstly generate the 5hmC profiles in the circulating cell-free DNA(cfDNA) of CAD patients, including stable coronary artery disease (sCAD) patients and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. We detected a significant difference of 5hmC enrichment in gene bodies from CAD patients compared with normal coronary artery (NCA) individuals. Our results showed that CAD patients can be well separated from NCA individuals by 5hmC markers. The prediction performance of the model established by differentially regulated 5hmc modified genes were superior to common clinical indicators for the diagnosis of CAD (AUC = 0.93) and sCAD (AUC = 0.93). Specially, we found that 5hmC markers in cfDNA showed prediction potential for AMI (AUC = 0.95), which was superior to that of cardiac troponin I, muscle/brain creatine kinase, and myoglobin.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that 5hmC markers derived from cfDNA can serve as effective epigenetic biomarkers for minimally noninvasive diagnosis and prediction of CAD.
RETRACTED ARTICLE:Existence of global solutions for the
semilinear nonlocal fractional Cauchy problem of the Schrödinger equation
Authors: Liu Zhen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the global existence of solutions for the
semilinear nonlocal fractional Cauchy problem of the Schrödinger equation. Firstly,
based on the Schrödinger approximation technique and the theory of a family of
potential wells, the authors obtain the invariant sets and vacuum isolating of
global solutions including the critical case. Then, the global existence of
solutions and the stability of equilibrium points are discussed. Finally, the global
asymptotic stability of the unique positive equilibrium point of the system is
proved by applying the Leray–Schauder alternative fixed point theorem.
Bifurcation analysis and chaos control in discrete-time modified Leslie–Gower prey harvesting model
Authors: Bilal Ajaz Muhammad , Saeed Umer , Din Qamar , Ali Irfan , Israr Siddiqui Muhammad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe investigate the dynamical behavior of a modified Leslie–Gower prey–predator model with harvesting in prey population. In order to explore rich dynamics of the model, Euler approximation is implemented to obtain a discrete-time modified Leslie–Gower model. Existence of equilibria and their local asymptotic stabilities are carried out. Furthermore, with the help of bifurcation theory and center manifold theorem, existence and directions of period-doubling and Neimark–Sacker bifurcations are investigated at positive steady-state. In order to control chaos and bifurcations, the Ott–Grebogi–Yorke (OGY) method and the hybrid control strategy are introduced. Numerical simulations are also provided to illustrate the theoretical discussions.
Cross-sectional study of the educational background and trauma knowledge of trainees in the “China trauma care training” program
Authors: Tang Hao , Liu Dong , Yang Dong , Tan Jia-Xin , Zhang Xiu-Zhu , Bai Xiang-Jun , Zhang Mao , Zhang Lian-Yang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Since the trauma knowledge of trauma providers correlates with the outcomes of injured patients, this study aims to assess the socio-demographic characteristics and levels of trauma knowledge of trainees in the China trauma care training (CTCT) program in addition to their post-course test results to provide support for the development of trauma care training programs and trauma systems in China.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting demographic information, hospital-related information and trauma knowledge of the trainees from 19 regions in China. All participants were assessed by questionnaires collecting the socio-demographic data, the trauma care knowledge levels and the information of the hospitals.

Results
There were 955 males (78.9%) and 256 females (21.1%) enrolled. Among them, 854 were physicians (70.5%), 357 were registered nurses (29.5%). In addition, 64 of them also played an administrative role in the hospitals (5.3%). The score of the trainees who were members of the emergency department staff (72.59 ± 14.13) was the highest among the scores of all the personnel surveyed, followed by those of the trainees from the intensive care unit (ICU) (71.17 ± 12.72), trauma surgery department (67.26 ± 13.81), orthopedics department (70.36 ± 14.48), general surgery department (69.91 ± 14.79) and other departments (69.93 ± 16.91), P = 0.031. The score of the professors (73.09 ± 15.05) was higher than those of the associate professors (72.40 ± 14.71), lecturers (70.07 ± 14.25) and teaching assistants (67.58 ± 15.16), P < 0.0001. The score of the individuals who attended experts’ trauma lectures (72.22 ± 14.45) was higher than that of individuals who did not attend the lectures (69.33 ± 15.17), P = 0.001. The mean scores before and after the training were 71.02 ± 14.82 and 84.24 ± 13.77, respectively, P < 0.001. The mean score of trauma knowledge after the training of trainees from different provinces and with different educational backgrounds was higher than that before the training, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The level of trauma knowledge of trauma care providers was associated with their department, professional position and previous participation in related academic conferences. Trauma care experience and participation in academic lectures and training program including CTCT may effectively improve individuals’ level of trauma knowledge.
Successful surgical management of mesenteric inflammatory veno-occlusive disease
Authors: Matsuda Keiji , Hashiguchi Yojiro , Kikuchi Yoshinao , Asako Kentaro , Ohno Kohei , Okada Yuka , Yagi Takahiro , Tsukamoto Mitsuo , Fukushima Yoshihisa , Shimada Ryu , Ozawa Tsuyoshi , Hayama Tamuro , Tsuchiya Takeshi , Nozawa Keijiro , Sasajima Yuko , Kondo Fukuo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
The term “mesenteric inflammatory veno-occlusive disease (MIVOD)” is used to describe an ischemic injury resulting from phlebitis or venulitis that affects the bowel or mesentery in the absence of arteritis. MIVOD is difficult to diagnose because of its rarity and frequent confusion with other diseases. The incidence and etiology of MIVOD remain unclear; only a few cases have been reported. We describe a case of the successful surgical management of a patient with MIVOD with characteristic images.

Case presentation
A 65-year-old Japanese man visited a hospital with the chief complaint of abdominal pain in January 2018. CT showed edema and thickening of the intestinal wall from the descending colon to the rectum. The patient was admitted to the hospital. Suspected diagnoses were enteritis, ulcerative colitis, amyloidosis, vasculitis, malignant lymphoma, and venous thrombus, but no definitive diagnosis was obtained. The patient was transferred to our hospital for the treatment of stenosis (located from the descending colon to the rectum) and bowel obstruction. An emergency transverse colostomy was performed. The sigmoid colon and mesentery were too rigid and edematous to resect. Colonic hemorrhage occurred 2 weeks after the surgery. With radiology intervention, coiling for the arteriovenous fistula in the descending colon was performed, and hemostasis was obtained. A colonoscopy at 6 months post-surgery showed neither ulceration nor stenosis in the rectum, indicating that the rectum could be preserved in the next surgery. However, severe stenosis in the descending and sigmoid colon remained unchanged. Ten months after the transverse colostomy, we performed a subtotal colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis, and an ileostomy was created. The sigmoid colon and mesentery were not so rigid compared to the first surgery’s findings, and we were able to resect intestine and mesentery. Histopathology revealed phlebitis and venulitis, fibrinoid necrosis, and normal arteries, meeting the diagnostic criteria for MIVOD. Postoperatively, the patient showed no recurrence for 8 months.

Conclusion
Clinicians should consider MIVOD when examining a patient with intestinal ischemia. When MIVOD is suspected, the patient is indicated for surgery based on an accurate diagnosis and good prognosis.
Shotgun metagenomic analysis of microbial communities from the Loxahatchee nature preserve in the Florida Everglades
Authors: Abraham Briana S. , Caglayan Deniz , Carrillo Natalie V. , Chapman Matthew C. , Hagan Claire T. , Hansen Skye T. , Jeanty Ralph O. , Klimczak Alexander A. , Klingler Marcos J. , Kutcher Thomas P. , Levy Sydney H. , Millard-Bruzos Angel A. , Moore Thomas B. , Prentice David J. , Prescott Matthew E. , Roehm Richard , Rose Jordan A. , Yin Mulan , Hyodo Ayumi , Lail Kathleen , Daum Christopher , Clum Alicia , Copeland Alex , Seshadri Rekha , del Rio Tijana Glavina , Eloe-Fadrosh Emiley A. , Benskin Jonathan B. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Currently, much is unknown about the taxonomic diversity and the mechanisms of methane metabolism in the Florida Everglades ecosystem. The Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge is a section of the Florida Everglades that is almost entirely unstudied in regard to taxonomic profiling. This short report analyzes the metagenome of soil samples from this Refuge to investigate the predominant taxa, as well as the abundance of genes involved in environmentally significant metabolic pathways related to methane production (nitrogen fixation and dissimilatory sulfite reduction).

Methods
Shotgun metagenomic sequencing using the Illumina platform was performed on 17 soil samples from four different sites within the Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge, and underwent quality control, assembly, and annotation. The soil from each sample was tested for water content and concentrations of organic carbon and nitrogen.

Results
The three most common phyla of bacteria for every site were Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Proteobacteria; however, there was variation in relative phylum composition. The most common phylum of Archaea was Euryarchaeota for all sites. Alpha and beta diversity analyses indicated significant congruity in taxonomic diversity in most samples from Sites 1, 3, and 4 and negligible congruity between Site 2 and the other sites. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing revealed the presence of biogeochemical biomarkers of particular interest (e.g., mrcA, nifH, and dsrB) within the samples. The normalized abundances of mcrA, nifH, and dsrB exhibited a positive correlation with nitrogen concentration and water content, and a negative correlation with organic carbon concentration.

Conclusion
This Everglades soil metagenomic study allowed examination of wetlands biological processes and showed expected correlations between measured organic constituents and prokaryotic gene frequency. Additionally, the taxonomic profile generated gives a basis for the diversity of prokaryotic microbial life throughout the Everglades.
Foraging behaviour and preference of pollen sources by honey bee (Apis mellifera) relative to protein contents
Authors: Ghosh Sampat , Jeon Hyejin , Jung Chuleui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundPollen is an important source of protein and lipids for many animals including honey bees. In order to understand the foraging behaviour of honey bee colonies and preference among the available floral resources, pollen collections from three experimental healthy colonies of honey bees were analysed in the month of June.ResultsThe amount of pollen collections were related to the colony’s need which was indicated by the number of larval and adult bees present in the hive. Interesting was the sequence of pollen collection from different floral sources. All honey bee colonies collected pollens fromTrifolium repensfirst, thenErigeron annusand the third choice wasCoreopsis drummondiiandOenothera biennisflowers. Total protein content ofTrifoliumpollen was the highest (20.0 g/100 g DM), and the others were in the range of 8.9–11.4 g/100 g DM.ConclusionThe results indicated that the first criteria for honey bee foraging preference of pollens would be the nutritional contents of protein and the resource availability of the lesser nutritious floral sources. This information can help pollinator protection programmes of habitat manipulation using flowering plants for nectar and pollen sources.
Patient-reported outcomes feedback report for knee arthroplasty patients should present selective information in a simple design - findings of a qualitative study
Authors: Fischer Kathrin I. , De Faoite Diarmuid , Rose Matthias 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Technical innovation to assess patient-reported outcomes (PROs) facilitates their implementation in clinical practice. In particular, mobile applications (apps) allow PROs to be assessed outside of the clinical setting. A patient’s health status can be remotely monitored and evaluated after discharge, and their recovery process tracked. This is of particular interest for patients after knee arthroplasty, as the recovery phase after surgery usually takes place in an outpatient setting and requires a high level of patient engagement. Providing results of PRO assessments to patients in the form of a feedback report could increase patient engagement and may improve communication between health care professionals and patients. The aim of the study is to develop a PRO feedback report for mobile devices that is comprehensible and provides valuable information for patients after knee arthroplasty.

Results
In an iterative development process, our expert group developed two preliminary feedback reports (a text-based version and a graphical display) based on previous research results and practical experience. In a second step, we discussed these reports with orthopedic patients (n = 8) in terms of comprehensibility and value using semi-structured interviews and cognitive debriefing methods. Participants assessed the reports as informative, but had some difficulties in fully comprehending all of the information provided. Based on the feedback from patients, we modified both versions and reduced complexity to increase comprehensibility.

Conclusions
A PRO feedback report for patients for mobile app use has to take account of the heterogeneous user group, particularly demographics such as age and experience with mobile devices. Information should be presented in a simple way to be comprehensible and of value to patients. Technological advancements allow a simple default report to be set, something which enables patients interested in additional information to make customizations.
Antagonistic activity and molecular characterization of biological control agent Trichoderma harzianum from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mazrou Yasser S. A. , Makhlouf Abeer H. , Elseehy Mona M. , Awad Mohamed F. , Hassan Mohamed M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTrichodermaharzianum is one of the most commonly used fungal species used in the biological control of plant pathogenic fungi. Its ability to control biological pathogens is strengthened by the production of analytic enzymes. In the identification of these fungal species, it has been noted that morphological characteristics alone are insufficient. Hence, the aim of this study was to identify 12 Trichoderma isolates based on their molecular markers and to evaluate the antagonistic activity of these Trichoderma isolates against several plant pathogens. The 12 Trichoderma/Hypocrea isolates were harvested from the rhizosphere of healthy tomato plants in Abha region, Saudi Arabia. These isolates were identified by both morphological and molecular techniques, such as the sequencing of the 5.8S-ITS region. Furthermore, based on the taxonomy and phylogeny of these isolates, the genetic similarities based on the inter-simple sequence repeat-PCR markers separated the 12 Trichoderma isolates into 2 major clusters. The 12 isolates were then used in confrontational assays with Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, and Alternaria solani. Most of the Trichoderma isolates showed a strong antagonistic activity, which could also be observed with the use of SEM. This study highlights the possibility of using T. harzianum in IPM programs as an effective biological agent against several pathogenic fungi.
Purification and characterization of cationic peroxidase from ginger (Zingiber officinale)
Authors: El-Khonezy Mohamed I. , Abd-Elaziz Ahmed M. , Dondeti Mahmoud F. , Fahmy Afaf S. , Mohamed Saleh A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundDue to versatility in reaction catalyzed by peroxidases, they have potential applications in different areas in the health sciences, food industry, and diagnostic purposes. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the properties of peroxidase from ginger to be meeting the perquisites of several applications.ResultsThe cationic peroxidase (GPII) was purified to homogeneity by anion exchange chromatography using DEAE–Sepharose column followed by cation exchange chromatography using CM–Sepharose column and finally Sephacryl S-200 column. The molecular mass of GPII was 42 kDa. GPII shows oxidizing activity with several phenolic compounds by using H2O2as the second substrate. The natural plant phenolic compounds as pyrogallol, catechol, and guaiacol were found to be excellent electron donors for the enzyme compared to other phenolic compounds. GPII exhibited Kmvalues of 3.1 and 7.1 mM and Vmaxvalues of 0.6 and 0.31 units/assay using H2O2and guaiacol as substrates, respectively. The enzyme exhibited maximal peroxidase activity at broad pH’s 6.0–7.5 and 50 °C. GPII was thermal stable up to 50 °C and retained 66% of its activity at 70 °C after 1 h incubation. The GPII activated by most divalent cations tested and inhibited by Hg2+and Cu2+cations.ConclusionPGII could be used in several applications due to its catalytic properties, thermal stability, broad pH, and acting on several phenolic compounds.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Phycoremediation of automobile exhaust gases using green microalgae: a twofold advantage for pollutant removal and concurrent biomass/lipid yields
Authors: Kandimalla Pooja , Vatte Priyanka , Bandaru Chandra Sekhar Rao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the present study, an effort has been made to sequester automobile exhaust gases from a petroleum based engine using microalgae Scenedesmus quadricauda. The automobile selected for the present study was a two wheeler motorcycle. S. quadricauda was subjected to un-suspended/attached non-enclosure cultivation onto a silicone matrix coated stainless steel pipe, protracted to the motorcycle silencer outlet through which, the exhaust gases passed out. The automobile exhaust gases initially contained 13% of carbon dioxide, 2.4% of carbon monoxide, 0.2% of nitric oxide, 0.08% of nitrogen dioxide, 0.1% of sulfur dioxide and 0.05% of sulfur trioxide concentrations, which were removed up to 62, 57, 65, 66, 64 and 65% respectively by S. quadricauda from the attached growth experiment. The present study results showed that the exhaust gases played a crucial role in inducing biomass and lipid yields up to ≥2 and ≥ 0.6 g L− 1 respectively. The tolerance of S. quadricauda to the exhaust gas components’ toxicity and its efficiency in treating them followed by the biomass and lipid productivities were better than anticipated in the present study.