bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Productivity and economic efficiency of protection products on spring rape hybrids in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe
Authors: Khalipsky A N , Oleynikova E N , Pyzhikova N I , Grishina I I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper considers the issues of the effectiveness of the integrated use of pesticides on crops of spring rape hybrids and their impact on crop productivity in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe. The increase in the production of oilseed rape is primarily due to the use of intensive technologies in agriculture due to the limited sown area. The biological characteristics of spring rape require special attention to the means used to protect the culture from harmful organisms. The effect of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides of the “August” Company on the crop structure of 12 rapeseed hybrids was studied, and the biological and economic efficiency of their use was evaluated. The natural and climatic conditions of 2019 contributed to an increase in the number and variety of harmful organisms such as pests and weeds, so the role of the use of “August” Company drugs in the integrated protection of spring rape hybrids has increased. During the study, it was found that the combination of the use of Break, ME and Borey Neo, SK insecticides in pest control reduced their spread and harmfulness in all variants of the experiment to almost zero. The use of the fungicide Kolosal Pro, KME, led to the cleanliness of rapeseed plants from diseases. The highest level of profitability for KL hybrids was in the variant of the combined use of the Paradox, VRK + Grader VGR herbicides, respectively, in hybrids of the Halion and Estock herbicides that are unstable to imidazolinones.
Monitoring of biological activity indicators of forest nursery soils in Siberia
Authors: Fomina N V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The universality, comprehensiveness and adequacy of biological soil diagnostics methods make them widely used in monitoring studies of anthropogenic effects on the soil. Soil samples of forest nurseries have been studied, directly under seedlings and in the steam field. Anthropogenic loading changes the biological parameters of the soil, leading to a decrease in soil fertility. The results of the assessment of the biological state of forest nursery soils used for the planting material of coniferous seedlings in Siberia by the level of enzymatic activity are presented. Analysis of soil quality by methods of research of oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes was carried out. Monitoring of enzymatic activity indicators of soils of forest nurseries of Krasnoyarsk region showed that by activity of catalase, invertase of urease they belong to medium-enriched. It has been established that in the soil of Uyarsky, Kansky and Kuraginsky forest nurseryscientists there is the highest rate of proteolytic activity. Low level of catalase enzyme activity revealed in Kazatinsky nursery against the background of high soil contamination with phytopathogenic microorganisms.
The influence of preparation “Lactokormovit” on dairy efficiency cows during milking
Authors: Nikulin Yu P , Nikulina O A , Tsoy Z V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the article the effect of different doses of the drug “Lactocormovit” on the milk productivity of cows during the milking period was studied. The animals of the experimental groups had the best milk production. Cows that received the drug “Lactocormovit” in their diet outperformed their peers from the control group in milk yield by 5.6% and 11.4%, respectively. The using of the drug “Lactocormovit” has a positive effect on the chemical composition of milk. According research we found that during the period of experience in cows of the experimental groups increased the amount of milk fat-by 11.45 and 17.71 kg and protein-by 4.84 and 10.18 kg. There is a tendency to improve the physical and chemical indicators of milk.
Subsidizing agricultural production of the region to achieve food security
Authors: Nosov V V , Zhichkin K A , Zhichkina L N , Novoselova S A , Fomenko N L , Bespamjatnova L P 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
According to the current Food Security Doctrine, in the Russian Federation, the main indicator of food security is food self-sufficiency. Along with this indicator, we propose to use the self-sufficiency level indicator when planning food security of a certain territory and introduce the concept of the adequacy of state support. Based on calculations, it can be stated that the existing subsidy system of the Samara region is suboptimal in terms of ensuring food security. Subsidies for four product groups are almost equal to agricultural state support in the Samara region, which indicates underfunding of production of these and other product groups.
History of development of Soybean Production in the Amur Region and Far East District in the USSR
Authors: Boiarskaia A I , Hasegawa H , Boiarskii B S , Lyude A V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
After the collapse of the USSR, main agriculture complexes were destroyed and stopped their work since than soybean production in Russia had a challenging period and has only recently reached the peak level of the USSR production. Currently, soybean production in Russia has several main obstacles. It is essential to study the history and steps of the development of soybean cultivation. The rapid development of soybean production in the USSR was due to protein deficiency. Given the high content of protein and a considerable amount of valuable amino acids together with affordable low cost of production, the government decided to expand the cultivated area of the crop (Glycine max). Mostly, the soybean was used for livestock feed and oil production. The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamics of soybean production in the USSR and the primary agricultural practices that were used. This paper is focused on the Far East area, where since 1958 year, the cultivated area had spread significantly creating the leading industrial production zone of soybean in the USSR.
Influence of chemicalization levels on productivity and grain quality of zoned spring wheat varieties in Pre-Baikal area
Authors: Gabdrakhimov O B , Zaitsev A M , Solodun V I , Kusnetsova E N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article has shown the dependence of the yield value and grain quality indicators (protein, gluten, hardness, test weight) of six zoned varieties of spring wheat on the use of different levels of chemicalization (the control without fertilizers and herbicides, herbicides, fertilizers at the rate N60P60K60 kg of active substance per hectare, fertilizers at the rate N60P60K60 kg of a.s./ha + herbicides). The research objectives included the identification of differences in grain yield and quality indicators between spring wheat cultivars according to the options of the field trials conducted in 2016-2019. It was found that under conditions of insufficient moisture during vegetation periods of the mentioned years, different varieties showed unequal results both in yield amount and grain quality. The cultivar Buryatskaya ostistaya proved to be the most productive and provided the grain output 2.70-3.29 t/ha depending on a level of chemicalization, but in protein and gluten content it was inferior to other varieties. In protein content, the cultivars Novosibirskaya 15 and Iren had the best values. At different levels of chemicalization their protein content was 16.0-18.6 %. In gluten amount, the best varieties were Novosibirskaya 15 – 36.1-39.9 % depending on a chemicalization level and Iren – 40.8 % on the background of fertilizers with herbicides. As for the indicator of kernel hardness, the best cultivar – Yunata 54.7-58.1 %. The share of a cultivar influencing the protein content in grain was 75.2 %; the gluten amount – 71.2 %; the kernel hardness – 85.4%; the natural weight of grain – 87.4. The low share of the influence of the chemicalization factor on the quality indicators of grain can be explained by arid conditions in the years of the research.
Comparative evaluation of seed productivity rapeseed (brassica napus), camelina (camelina sativa) and white mustard (sinapis alba) in conditions forest-steppe zone of Prebaikalia
Authors: Sagirova R A , Vlasova T B , Shapenkova S V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The aim of the research was to study the characteristics of growth and development; determination of seed productivity of camelina of the Chulymsky variety and mustard of the white Rainbow variety in comparison with the widely cultivated crop in the Prebaikalia - rapeseed of the Ratnik variety. The studies were conducted in 2017-2019 at the experimental site of the Irkutsk State Agrarian University. The earliest flowering over the years was observed in the camelina on 39-43 days after emergence of seedlings, which was ahead of the onset of this phase in rapeseed by 12-13 days, white mustard entered the full bloom phase on 44-49 days, ahead of rapeseed by 7-8 days. The earliest ripening of seeds was noted, also in saffron milk and occurred during the years of research on August 10-15, 82-87 days after seedling formation; white mustard seeds ripened after 85-92 days, which was due on August 15-20, rape later ripened both camelina and mustard on August 23-27. The highest seed yield in all years of research was obtained from camelina and amounted to 1.39-1.62 t/ha; white mustard provided yields of 1,211.39 t/ha. Seed productivity of rape was inferior to the above crops and ranged from 0.93 to 1.22 t/ha over the years. The simultaneous ripening of spring oilseeds of the Brassicaceae family in the sequence camelina, white mustard and rapeseed will allow conveniently organizing the harvesting and processing of seed material.
Comparative study of the influence of type belonging on the productive and biological indicators of first-calf heifers
Authors: Lefler T F , Sidorenkova I V , Nagibina A A , Volkova A G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In modern economic conditions, the most profitable livestock industry is dairy farming. One of the main conditions ensuring an increase in milk production is the acceleration of the rate of breeding work aimed at creating herds whose animals meet modern requirements for the efficient use of feed, are characterized by a high level of early maturity and the maximum realization of their genetic potential. The comparative assessment of weight and linear characteristics of heifers of different genotypes presented in the work indicates the compliance of the indicators with the standards of breed types. All the animals had a pronounced dairy type. In terms of live weight, the Yenisei type heifers of red-motley breed during the period of fertile insemination were superior to the peers of the Krasnoyarsk type of black-motley breed by 2.2 and 2.1%. The insemination index in heifers of the first and third groups was significantly lower (by 0.26 and 0.31%) than in the compared animals. In the first lactation, the cows of the Krasnoyarsk type of black-motley breed from the third group were superior in milk yield to the cows from the fourth group by 285.2 kg of milk or by 4.9% (P> 0.99). The cows of the Yenisei type of red-motley breed of the first group were superior in milk yield to the cows from the second group by 126 kg of milk or by 2.5% (P> 0.95). The animals inseminated at the age of 16-17 months had the largest mass fraction of fat and protein in milk, regardless of breed.
Milk production dynamics in the Russian Federation: causes and consequences
Authors: Nosov V V , Suray N M , Mamaev O A , Chemisenko O V , Panov P A , Pokidov M G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article analyzes milk production in the Russian Federation from 1950 to 2019. Within the period under review, we can distinguish the following changing patterns of the indicator: from 1950 to 1990 the average annual absolute growth rate was 0.84 million tons, between 1991 and 2004 there has been an average annual loss of 1.43 million tons, and since 2005 there has been no growth in milk production. The article explains the reasons for the dynamics of the indicator and suggests measures meant to encourage the growth of milk production and achievement of the Food Security Doctrine in the area of rational consumption rates for milk and dairy products that meet modern requirements on healthy nutrition.
A study of the effectiveness of state support for agriculture in the region (based on material from the Krasnoyarsk Territory)
Authors: Parshukov D V , Shaporova Z E , Koloskova Yu I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Agriculture is a key sector of the economy that ensures food security in the region and the country as a whole. The peculiarity of the functioning of agriculture is determined by such factors as the riskiness of activity, high intersectoral competition, dependence on natural and climatic conditions and seasonality. Agriculture is the industry most dependent on state support, and the provided state support is not sufficient to increase the profitability of agricultural production and ensure investment attractiveness. A significant differentiation between the necessary resource support for agricultural production and the state support received determines the need for a science-based approach to studying the issue of state support for agriculture. The article provides an assessment of the institutional features and the effectiveness of the distribution of state subsidies in the region. The sources of subsidies, organizational and legal forms of recipients, and directions of state support were selected as estimates. The analysis shows that most of the subsidies are received by agricultural organizations having the legal form of a limited liability company. The level of state support for agriculture did not affect the number of small and medium enterprises and the value of their turnover, which allows us to assess the effect of subsidies as insufficient. The greatest effect of state support was identified among producers of grain and milk.
Analysis of environmental performance of a turbocharged diesel engine operating on natural gas
Authors: Araslanov M I 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the process of fuel oxidation, various harmful substances are formed in the compression ignition engine (CIE) cylinder, including nitrogen compounds and soot. The presence of these components, and especially soot, has a decisive role in the processes of thermal radiation of the flame, local heat transfer in the CC, the degree of blackness of the flame, the thermal stress of the piston and cylinder cover. Under the conditions of non-stationary processes, it is necessary to solve local problems by determining the concentration of these substances, taking into account the uneven distribution of fuel, the non-stationary local thermal conditions and the various state of aggregation of the components of the medium. The presence of soot leads to the formation of soot, which leads to disruption of heat transfer processes between the functioning fluid and the cylinder cover and the piston bottom, that is, the conditions in the boundary layer. The concentrations of these substances depending on the operating parameters of the CIE are considered, recommendations are made on the practical use of compressed natural gas in a tractor CIE.
Financial and economic characteristics of the average agricultural enterprise of the Krasnoyarsk Territory
Authors: Pyzhikova N I , Pykhanova E V , Vlasova E Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the context of economic sanctions, the problem of food security in every region of Russia is particularly acute. The solution to this problem in the region is provided by agricultural enterprises of the region. In different years, about 300 agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership carried out their activities on the food market of the region. About 60% of all farms had a grain direction, 16.55% - a dairy direction, 4.58% of agricultural enterprises specialized in the production of milk and grain, 3.52% - in the production of potatoes, the share of other enterprises was less than 3%. 116 of the 159 agricultural enterprises of the grain direction are highly specialized, so in the future it is advisable to separate them into a separate group. Highly specialized farms are also presented in the group of farms with potato, vegetable, pig, egg, fish, deer, fodder, horse and maral breeding, but it is not advisable to separate them into independent groups, since their number is not large. An exception can be made only for agricultural enterprises engaged in the cultivation of fish and deer. Thus, the different specialization of agricultural enterprises of the region does not allow to compare them with each other. In this regard, it is advisable to evaluate the results of the average enterprise of the region. The results of such a study can be the basis for assessing the level of food security in the region and the rational distribution of budget funds between business entities.
Strategic directions for the development of agricultural exports in the regions of the Russian Federation
Authors: Stepanova E V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article considers the current state of agricultural raw materials and food exports in the regions of the Russian Federation. The article considers the commodity structure of exports, identifies commodity groups whose export volume in value terms is a large share of exports from the country’s regions. The geographical structure of agricultural exports is presented, and the leading export-import regions are identified. The article discusses the possibilities of exporting agricultural products to the countries of the Asia-Pacific region and identifies strategic directions for the development of agricultural exports in the Krasnoyarsk region.
Wheat industry compared and contrasted between Russia and the USA
Authors: Shavanov M V , Shigapov I I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Wheat is the most widely produced and consumed cereal crop globally. It belongs to the large family of monocotyledonous flowering plants that is called staple crop as it is grown in great quantities and provide more food energy globally than many other type of crops. This paper is focused on the wheat industry of two countries that are in the top 5 producers globally. Competitive strength in growing wheat of Russia and the USA are discussed in this article. Russia and the USA not only produce enough wheat every year for local consumption but also supply a substantial share of world wheat trade. The massive area, favourable environmental and soil conditions, improved high-yielding varieties makes the USA and Russia two of the leading countries in producing wheat worldwide. Socio-cultural perspective is one of the most important factor influencing marketing decisions and strategic goals of countries entering foreign markets. Consequently, social and cultural factors are compared and contrasted, which are of high importance to success in business of Russia and the USA.
The level of productive qualities of cows of black-motley breed contained in standard conditions of Russian farms
Authors: Petrova M A , Kolesov D I , Kashkova M P , Lukashina E E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Researchers pay much attention to productivity aspects of cows of various breeds and are looking for approaches to its growth. The milk productivity of lactating cows of black-motley breed is a very important economic indicator, which they are constantly trying to increase by selecting young animals for the breeding process and economic use. When evaluating the economically useful qualities of black-motley cows contained in standard conditions of Russian households, they have excellent reproductive qualities. They turned out to be characterized by high levels of milk yield, mass fraction of fat in milk and the amount of milk fat received. The examined cows showed correlation between the volume of milk yield for the first, second, third and highest lactation with the level of milk yield in the second, third and highest lactation, as well as with the mass fraction of fat and live weight of the animal. Considering the obtained data, it can be considered that selection of cows of black-motley breed should be carried out taking into account the volume of milk yield during the first lactation, which positively correlates with the size of milk yield for subsequent lactation, with the level of live weight and with the level of butterfat for the period of the second and third lactation.
State agricultural companies in Russia: characteristic and legal status
Authors: Yakovlev A Y 
Published: September 2020

AbstractModern Russian economy has many problems. In last decades country lost a significant part of its economic potential. Nowadays Russia has only a few strong sectors. One of them is agriculture. This sector consists of companies with state and private participation. Most of Russian agricultural companies are private. In some parts of the country and in certain sectors state companies dominate. The biggest agricultural companies with the participation of the Russian Federation are JSC “Head center for reproduction of agricultural animals”, JSC “United grain company”, JSC “Foreign economic corporation “Prodintorg”, JSC “Russian hippodromes”, JSC “Rosagroleasing”. Almost every Russian region has not less then one agricultural company with regional participation. The legal status of state agricultural companies is similar from region to region. Some Russian regions may have there own features.
Economy of Russian regions in the context of the coronavirus epidemic
Authors: Dzobelova V B , Olisaeva A V , Sharopatova A V , Parshukov D V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
For the global economy, the shock caused by Covid-19 was faster and more severe than the global financial crisis of 2008. Unlike other economic downturns, the drop-in output during today’s crisis is not caused by demand: it is an inevitable consequence of measures taken to contain the spread of the disease. Against the backdrop of the growing Covid-19 pandemic, a review of numerous public and private sector models shows that the global economy is facing significantly lower growth rates in 2020. In the near future, both the set of factors of production and their content will change. The technologies that will ensure an efficient future for the entire economy will benefit. This will be a very important moment that cannot be missed in any way. In this sense, Russia has a huge competitive advantage over other countries. The article examines the impact of the coronavirus epidemic on the state of the economy, considers the measures taken for business on the example of Russian regions. It analyzes the new way of life and economy that will replace the previous one after the end of the pandemic, will open up completely new opportunities for life and even prosperity.