bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic approach for assessing whether undeletable chromosomal regions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are required for cell viability
Authors: Hassan Naim , Easmin Farhana , Sasano Yu , Ekino Keisuke , Taguchi Hisataka , Harashima Satoshi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPreviously, we identified 49 undeletable chromosomal regions harboring only non-essential genes in the genome ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae. We proposed that there might be unknown synthetic lethal combinations of genes present in such undeletable regions of the genome. In this study, we chose four of the smallest undeletable chromosomal regions among the 49 and performed extensive further analyses to narrow down the gene-pairs responsible for lethality by replacing sub-regions in various combinations with a DNA module comprising theCgLEU2marker. Although the methodology was different from previous study, interestingly the results revealed that not only the sub-regions but also the entire region was replaceable. To solve the apparent discrepancy between previous and present results, we further conducted additional analysis including investigation of suppressor mutation and mini-chromosome loss assay through the construction of mini-chromosome harboring two particular chromosomal regions with marked withURA3marker by employing 5-FOA system. Based upon careful observation on the phenotype of colony formation on 5-FOA medium by spot test, we came to an important conclusion that particular chromosomal regions harboring only non-essential genes can be categorized into three classes, i.e., essential, non-essential and intrinsically essential. Intrinsically essential region is defined as appearance of papillae after mini-chromosome loss which implicates that the region is essential but compensatable against cell lethality. Our present study indicates that prudent and multiple approaches as performed in this study are needed to judge whether a particular chromosomal region of theS. cerevisiaegenome is essential, non-essential or intrinsically essential but compensatable.
Ameliorating process parameters for zeaxanthin yield in Arthrobacter gandavensis MTCC 25325
Authors: Ram Shristi , Tirkey Sushma Rani , Kumar Madhava Anil , Mishra Sandhya 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe present study aims to escalate the production of prophylactic agent zeaxanthin using a screened potential bacterial isolate. For this purpose, a freshwater bacterium capable of producing zeaxanthin was isolated from Bor Talav, Bhavnagar. The 16S rRNA sequence confirmed the isolate as Arthrobacter gandavensis. The bacterium was also submitted to Microbial Type Culture Collection, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India, with the accession number MTCC 25325. The chemo-metric tools were employed to optimise the influencing factors such as pH, temperature, inoculum size, agitation speed, carbon source and harvest time on zeaxanthin yield. Thereafter, six parameters were narrowed down to three factors and were optimised using the central composite design (CCD) matrix. Maximum zeaxanthin (1.51 mg/g) was derived when A. gandavensis MTCC 25325 was grown under pH 6.0, 1.5% (w/v) glucose and 10% (v/v) inoculum size. A high regression coefficient (R2= 0.92) of the developed model indicated the accurateness of the tested parameters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on tailoring the process parameters using chemo-metric optimisation for escalating the zeaxanthin production by A. gandavensis MTCC 25325.
Quadratic approach for single-channel noise reduction
Authors: Itzhak Gal , Benesty Jacob , Cohen Israel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a quadratic approach for single-channel noise reduction. The desired signal magnitude is estimated by applying a linear filter to a modified version of the observations’ vector. The modified version is constructed from a Kronecker product of the observations’ vector with its complex conjugate. The estimated signal magnitude is multiplied by a complex exponential whose phase is obtained using a conventional linear filtering approach. We focus on the linear and quadratic maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) filters and demonstrate that the quadratic filter is superior in terms of subband SNR gains. In addition, in the context of speech enhancement, we show that the quadratic filter is ideally preferable in terms of perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) and short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) scores. The advantages, compared to the conventional linear filtering approach, are particularly significant for low input SNRs, at the expanse of a higher computational complexity. The results are verified in practical scenarios with nonstationary noise and in comparison to well-known speech enhancement methods. We demonstrate that the quadratic maximum SNR filter may be superior, depending on the nonstationary noise type.
Time-delayed local feedback control for a chaotic finance system
Authors: Xu Erfeng , Zhang Yingrui , Chen Yonggang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the local control problem for a chaotic finance system via the time-delayed feedback. Using the Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theorem, the quadratic system theory, some integral inequalities, and rigorous mathematical analysis, we obtain a local stabilization condition by means of linear matrix inequalities. Then we discuss the estimate of the region of asymptotic stability and give the corresponding optimization problem. Also, we address the local control problem under the nondelayed feedback. Finally, we present numerical simulations to show the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Pullback attractor of a non-autonomous order-2γ parabolic equation for an epitaxial thin film growth model
Authors: Yang Xiaojie , Liu Hui , Sun Chengfeng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe non-autonomous order-2γ parabolic partial differential equation for an epitaxial thin film growth model with dimension $d=3$d=3 is investigated by the method of uniform estimates. The existence of a pullback attractor for the 3D model is proved for $\gamma >3$γ>3.
Ground radar precipitation estimation with deep learning approaches in meteorological private cloud
Authors: Tian Wei , Yi Lei , Liu Wei , Huang Wei , Ma Guangyi , Zhang Yonghong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAccurate precipitation estimation is significant since it matters to everyone on social and economic activities and is of great importance to monitor and forecast disasters. The traditional method utilizes an exponential relation between radar reflectivity factors and precipitation called Z-R relationship which has a low accuracy in precipitation estimation. With the rapid development of computing power in cloud computing, recent researches show that artificial intelligence is a promising approach, especially deep learning approaches in learning accurate patterns and appear well suited for the task of precipitation estimation, given an ample account of radar data. In this study, we introduce these approaches to the precipitation estimation, proposing two models based on the back propagation neural networks (BPNN) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) respectively, to compare with the traditional method in meteorological service systems. The results of the three approaches show that deep learning algorithms outperform the traditional method with 75.84% and 82.30% lower mean square errors respectively. Meanwhile, the proposed method with CNN achieves a better performance than that with BPNN for its ability to preserve the spatial information by maintaining the interconnection between pixels, which improves 26.75% compared to that with BPNN.
Secular trend analysis of antibiotic utilisation in China’s hospitals 2011–2018, a retrospective analysis of procurement data
Authors: Wushouer Haishaerjiang , Zhou Yue , Zhang Xi , Fu Mengyuan , Fan Daiming , Shi Luwen , Guan Xiaodong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
This study was aimed to explore the secular trends of antibiotic utilisation in China’s hospitals over an 8-year period.

Methods
We retrospectively analysed aggregated monthly antibiotic procurement data of 586 hospitals from 28 provinces in China from January 2011 to December 2018. Information including generic name, procurement amount, dosage form, strength, the route of administration, and geographical data were collected. Population weighted antibiotic utilisation were expressed in DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID). WHO’s ‘Access, Watch, Reserve’ categorization was also adopted to analyse antibiotic utilisation.

Results
Between 2011 and 2018, total antibiotic utlisation in China’s hospitals increased by 39.6% (from 4.8 DID in 2010 to 6.7 DID in 2018). Antibiotic utilisation was stable or had moderately decreased in 13 provinces, while in the other 15 provinces they had substantially increased. Cephalosporins were the most consumed antibiotics, accounting for 26.9% of the total antibiotic utilisation (1.8 DID/6.7 DID). In 2018, antibiotics in the Access category comprised 19.4% of the total utilisation (1.3 DID/6.7 DID), where antibiotics in the Watch category comprised the largest proportion of 71.6% (4.8 DID/6.7 DID). Population-weighted antibiotic utlisation was greater in secondary hospitals than in tertiary hospitals (7.3 DID vs 6.6 DID). The utilisation of oral forms was almost two times the amount of parenteral forms in secondary hospitals, whereas in tertiary hospitals the amounts were about the same.

Conclusions
Despite efforts have been made towards restricting antibiotic use by the Chinese government, antibiotic utilisation demonstrated an upward trend after the medical reform. The increase of last-resort antibiotics raises serious concern for public health. Current patterns of antibiotic utilisation demonstrated that gaps are existed towards the global target set up by the WHO. To better facilitate proper antibiotic use, more efforts are needed to explore the appropriateness of antibiotic use at the individual level.
Total arthroplasty with Ivory® prosthesis versus resection–suspension arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study on 82 carpometacarpal-I osteoarthritis patients over 4 years
Authors: Froschauer Stefan M. , Holzbauer Matthias , Schnelzer Richard F. , Behawy Manfred , Kwasny Oskar , Aitzetmüller Matthias M. , Machens Hans-Günther , Duscher Dominik 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo elucidate the performance of carpometacarpal-I joint prostheses in comparison with the current gold standard treatment, resection–suspension arthroplasty (RA), we conducted a study comparing outcomes of the Ivory prosthesis to those of a cohort of patients receiving RA.MethodsInitially, we had enrolled 34 prosthesis patients and 48 RA patients, of which 5 and 11 were lost to follow-up. We defined Eaton/Littler stage 3 osteoarthritis, no previous surgery, no concomitant arthrosis, no rheumatic arthritis, no history of trauma and a minimum follow-up period of 2 years as inclusion criteria. We assessed patient demographics, disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand score, pain via visual analogue scale, subjective strength of the thumb, range of motion (radial and palmar abduction and opposition), and patient satisfaction. All occurring complications were recorded.ResultsFollow-up included a mean period of 4.5 years (2–7.4) in the prosthesis cohort and 4.1 years (2–6.8) in the RA group. Disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand scores, pain scores, palmar abduction and opposition, and subjective satisfaction showed no significant differences between the two cohorts. Postoperative loss of strength was significantly less in the prosthesis group (p = 0.01). Moreover, we were able to demonstrate better range of motion in terms of radial abduction in the prosthesis group (p = 0.001). The overall complication rate was significantly higher in the prosthesis cohort (41.4% vs. 10.8%) (p = 0.008). Nevertheless, the Ivory prosthesis group showed a survival rate of 93.1%.ConclusionAs the high complication rate is compensated by a better functional outcome (enhanced range of motion and strength), we believe that prosthesis implantation can be a reasonable treatment option for carpometacarpal-I osteoarthritis in a particular patient group.Level of Evidence IIIl: Retrospective cohort study.
Optimization of injected 68Ga-PSMA activity based on list-mode phantom data and clinical validation
Authors: Wielaard J. , Habraken J. B. A. , Brinks P. , Lavalaye J. , Boellaard R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOptimization of injected gallium-68 (68Ga) activity for 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (68Ga-PSMA PET/CT) studies is relevant for image quality, radiation protection, and from an economic point of view. However, no clear guidelines are available for 68Ga-PSMA studies. Therefore, a phantom study is performed to determine the highest coefficient of variation (COV) acceptable for reliable image interpretation and quantification.To evaluate image interpretation, the relationship of COV and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was studied. The CNR should remain larger than five, according to the Rose criterion. To evaluate image quantification, the effect of COV on the percentage difference (PD) between quantification results of two studies was analyzed. Comparison was done by calculating the PD of the SUVmax. The maximum allowable PDSUVmax was set at 20%. The highest COV at which both criteria are still met is defined as COVmax. Of the NEMA Image Quality phantom, a 20 min/bed (2 bed positions) scan was acquired in list-mode PET (Philips Gemini TF PET/CT). The spheres to background activity ratio was approximately 9:1. To obtain images with different COV, lower activity was mimicked by reconstructions with acquisition times of 10 min/bed to 5 s/bed. Pairs of images were obtained by reconstruction of two non-overlapping parts of list-mode data.For the 10-mm diameter sphere, a COV of 25% still meets the criteria of CNRSUVmean ≥ 5 and PDSUVmax ≤ 20%. This phantom scan was acquired with an acquisition time of 116 s and a background activity concentration of 0.71 MBq/kg. Translation to a clinical protocol results in a clinical activity regimen of 3.5 MBq/kg min at injection. To verify this activity regimen, 15 patients (6 MBq/kg min) with a total of 22 lesions are included. Additional reconstructions were made to mimic the proposed activity regimen. Based on the CNRSUVmax, no lesions were missed with this proposed activity regimen.For our institution, a clinical activity regimen of 3.5 MBq/kg min at injection is acceptable, which indicates that activity can be reduced by almost 50% compared with the current code of practice. Our proposed method could be used to obtain an objective activity regimen for other PET/CT systems and tracers.
LncRNA LINC00483 promotes gastric cancer development through regulating MAPK1 expression by sponging miR-490-3p
Authors: Luo Min , Liang Chengbai 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00483 was aberrantly expressed in human cancers, including gastric cancer. However, the regulatory mechanism of this lncRNA in gastric cancer remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of LINC00483 on gastric cancer development and explore the potential regulatory network of LINC00483/microRNA (miR)-490-3p/mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1).

Methods
Thirty patients with gastric cancer were recruited for tissues collection. The expression levels of LINC00483, miR-490-3p and MAPK1 were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or western blot. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion were determined by MTT, flow cytometry, transwell assays and western blot, respectively. The target association between miR-490-3p and LINC00483 or MAPK1 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Xenograft model was established to assess the function of LINC00483 in vivo.

Results
LINC00483 and MAPK1 levels were increased in gastric cancer tissues and cells. Knockdown of LINC00483 or MAPK1 inhibited cells viability, migration and invasion but promoted apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. Moreover, MAPK1 overexpression attenuated the effect of LINC00483 knockdown on gastric cancer development. LINC00483 could increase MAPK1 expression by competitively sponging miR-490-3p. miR-490-3p overexpression suppressed gastric cancer development, which was abated by introduction of LINC00483. Besides, inhibition of LINC00483 decreased xenograft tumor growth by regulating miR-490-3p/MAPK1 axis.

Conclusion
Knockdown of LINC00483 inhibited gastric cancer development in vitro and in vivo by increasing miR-490-3p and decreasing MAPK1, elucidating a novel mechanism for understanding the development of gastric cancer.
Evaluation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency of Lepidium pinnatifidum Ledeb
Authors: Bibi Saira , Anwar Munazza , Hashmi Huma Farooque , Khan Muhammad Rashid 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Backgroound
Lepidium pinnatifidum is a multipurpose, beneficial plant and known well for its indigenous therapeutic standards. Current study is aimed to investigate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency of Lepidium pinnatifidum.
L. pinnatifidum dried powder was extracted with crude methanol (LPM) and then fractionated with various solvents to get respective fractions, termed as, n-hexane (LPH), chloroform (LPC), ethyl acetate (LPE), butanol (LPB) and the aqueous fraction (LPA). Fractions were evaluated for total flavonoid and phenolic content. Antioxidant profile was quantified via an array of antioxidant assays. Anti inflammatory activity was evaluated in vitro, and further assessed by in vivo study in Sprague Dawley rat.

Result
Total phenolics (TPC) range from 48.15 ± 1.03–241.23 ± 1.07 mg GAE/g while total flavonoids (TFC) quantified were 16.32 ± 1.14–136.32 ± 1.14 mg RE/g. The in vitro antioxidant assays exhibited remarkable radicals scavenging action in different assays. Substantial positive correlation was instituted between TPC, TFC and various antioxidant assays. Inhibition of the heat induced protein denaturation reflected anti inflammatory potency, further supported by in vivo carrageenan induced paw edema.

Conclusion
The obtained results lead to suggesting the therapeutic perspective of L. pinnatifidum in oxidative stress and inflammation associated ailments. The bio active ingredients behind its potential protectivity needs to be further confirmed.
Decision-making at the sharp end: a survey of literature related to decision-making in humanitarian contexts
Authors: Knox Clarke Paul , Campbell Leah 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn a humanitarian response, leaders are often tasked with making large numbers of decisions, many of which have significant consequences, in situations of urgency and uncertainty. These conditions have an impact on the decision-maker (causing stress, for example) and subsequently on how decisions get made.Evaluations of humanitarian action suggest that decision-making is an area of weakness in many operations. There are examples of important decisions being missed and of decision-making processes that are slow and ad hoc. As part of a research process to address these challenges, this article considers literature from the humanitarian and emergency management sectors that relates to decision-making. It outlines what the literature tells us about the nature of the decisions that leaders at the country level are taking during humanitarian operations, and the circumstances under which these decisions are taken. It then considers the potential application of two different types of decision-making process in these contexts: rational/analytical decision-making and naturalistic decision-making. The article concludes with broad hypotheses that can be drawn from the literature and with the recommendation that these be further tested by academics with an interest in the topic.
In vitro pathogenicity of the fungi Beauveria bassiana and Lecanicillium lecanii at different temperatures against the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
Authors: Keerio Azhar Uddin , Nazir Talha , Abdulle Yusuf Ali , Jatoi Ghulam Hussain , Gadhi Muswar Ali , Anwar Tauqir , Sokea Tum , Qiu Dewen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the most damaging pests in field crops as well as in greenhouses. The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro pathogenicity of 2 fungus strains of Beauveria bassiana (BB-72 and BB-252) and one strain of Lecanicillium lecanii (V-2) against the whitefly (B. tabaci) at 4 different temperature degrees 20, 24, 28, and 32 °C, using a spray method. Three different bioassays were carried out comprised of conidial concentrations and filtrate of fungal strains, BB-72, BB-252 and V-2, and their binary combinations. The 1.5 ml of fungal filtrate was used in filtrate bioassay for each strain of fungus. Three different concentrations (1 × 106, 1 × 107, and 1 × 108 conidia ml−1) were used in conidial bioassay for each strain of fungus, whereas in bioassay for binary combination (1 ml conidia + 1 ml filtrate) of BB-72 × BB-72, BB-252 × BB-252, and V2 × V2 were used for these strains of fungus. According to the outcomes, the maximum mortality against whiteflies was observed on 12th day post-treatment. In conidial bioassay, the maximum mortality of B. tabaci was observed in BB-72 isolate (84%), BB-252 isolate (77%), and V-2 isolate (67%) at the highest concentration (1 × 108 conidia ml−1) at 24 °C, and minimum mortality was recorded in BB-72 isolate (33%), BB-252 isolate (29%), and V-2 isolate (19%) at the lowest concentration 1 × 106 conidia ml−1 at 32 °C on 12th day post-treatment. Infiltrate bioassay, BB-72 isolate exhibited maximum mortality (92%) at 24 °C, and V-2 isolate showed minimum mortality (34%) at 32 °C on 12th day post-treatment. Furthermore, in binary combination bioassay, the highest whitefly mortality was recorded in BB-72 × BB-72 isolate (87%), BB-252 × BB-252 isolate (73%), and V2 × V2 isolate (65%) at 24 °C and the lowest mortality in BB-72 × BB-72 isolate (57%), BB-252 × BB-252 isolate (50%), and V2 × V2 isolate (39%) at 32 °C on 12th day post-treatment. In all bioassays, the BB-72 isolate was the utmost virulent, and application of its filtrate was found to be the most impressive against B. tabaci.