bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic Characteristics and Transmission Risk Factors In Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Before And During The Lockdown In France
Authors: Rahi Mayda , Pluart Diane Le , Beaudet Alexandra , Ismael Sophie , Parisey Marion , Poey Nora , Tarhini Hassan , Lescure François-Xavier , Yazdanpanah Yazdan , Deconinck Laurène 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The efficacy of lockdown in containing the COVID-19 pandemic has been reported in different studies. However, the impact on sociodemographic characteristics of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to describe the changes in sociodemographic characteristics of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and to compare the transmission risk factors of COVID-19 before and during lockdown in France. Methods: An observational retrospective study was conducted in a University Hospital in Paris, France. Data from patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in the Infectious Diseases Department between February 26 and May 11, 2020 were collected. The study population was divided into 2 groups: group A of patients infected before lockdown, and group B of patients infected during lockdown, considering a maximum incubation period of 14 days. Sociodemographic characteristics and transmission risk factors were compared between the 2 groups using Student's t-test for continuous variables and Chi-2 test or Fisher exact test for categorical variables.Results: Three hundred eighty-three patients were included in the study, 305 (79.6%) in group A and 78 (20.4%) in group B. Patients in group A were significantly younger (60.0 versus (vs) 66.5 years (p=0.03)). The professionally active population was larger in group A (44.3% vs 24.4%). There were significantly more non-French-speaking people in group B (16.7% vs 6.6%, p<0.01). Most patients from group A had individual accommodation (92.8% vs 74.4%, p<0.01). Contact with a relative was the main transmission risk factor in both groups (24.6% vs 33.3%, p=0.16). Recent travel and large gathering were found only in group A. The proportion of people living in disadvantaged conditions, such as homeless people or people living in social housing, was significantly higher in group B (11.5% vs 4.3%, p=0.03) as was the proportion of institutionalized individuals (14.1% vs 3.0%, p<0.01).Conclusions: In this study conducted in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in Paris, France, the likelihood of being infected despite the lockdown was higher for people who do not speak French, live in social housing, are homeless or institutionalized. Targeted measures have to be implemented to protect these populations.
Metformin extended-release versus metformin immediate-release for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Abrilla Aedrian A. , Pajes A. Nico Nahar I. , Jimeno Cecilia A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This systematic review aimed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of metformin extended-release (MXR) and the conventional metformin immediate-release (MIR) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PubMed, the Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov, from database inception to 15 October 2020, and other sources were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared equal daily doses of MXR and MIR in adults with T2DM. Random-effects model meta-analysis were performed to obtain pooled mean difference (MD) of change from baseline for continuous outcomes (glycemic and serum lipid control and anthropometrics) and risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous outcomes (gastrointestinal and serious adverse events). Statistical analysis involving 9 published RCTs with 2609 subjects revealed that MIR was associated with better HbA1c lowering (MD 0.09% [95% confidence interval, 0.02%, 0.017%]) and serum lipid control except LDL-C lowering, while MXR reduced only the cumulative incidence of dyspepsia (RR 0.58 [0.34, 0.98]). MXR and MIR were similar in all other considered outcomes. The use of MXR over MIR among adults with T2DM was associated with statistically worse but likely clinically insignificant HbA1c lowering, similar plasma glucose lowering, and minimal improvement of metformin intolerance. This information may guide patient-physician discussions in choosing between the two formulations.
Clinical features and neuropsychiatric comorbidities in pediatric patients with tic disorders: A retrospective chart review study from South Korea
Authors: Park Eu Gene , Kim Young-Hoon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Tic disorders are childhood-onset neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by multiple motor or vocal tics with frequent comorbidities and a broad spectrum of phenotypic presentations. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and comorbid neuropsychiatric conditions in pediatric patients with tic disorders. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 119 pediatric patients (89 males, 30 females) who were diagnosed with tic disorders according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5 th edition (DSM-5) at Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, Republic of Korea, between January 2012 and July 2019. Results: The mean age of tic onset was 6.9 years (range, 1–14) and the mean age at diagnosis was 8 years (range, 1–17). The mean lag between tic onset and diagnosis was 13.3 months (range, 0.25–132). The most common, first-presenting tics were eye blinking (50.4%), followed by jaw or lip movement (29.4%) and throat clearing (29.4%). Thirty-seven (31.1%) patients had at least one co-occurring neuropsychiatric disorder at the time of tic diagnosis. Subtypes of tic disorders, types of initial tics, and presence of neuropsychiatric comorbidities were not associated with tic severity. Tic severity was associated with greater functional impairment and tic noticeability (p <0.05). A relatively shorter time to diagnosis was associated with tic severity (Spearman’s ρ = –0.14, p = 0.11). Conclusions: The evolving nature of tic expression and severity, high prevalence of neuropsychiatric comorbidities, and associated functional impairments emphasize the importance of comprehensive assessment during the disease course for determining and prioritizing goals of treatment.
Green synthesis of nano-liposomes containing Bunium persicum and Trachyspermum ammi essential oils against Trichomonas vaginalis
Authors: Mirzaei Farzaneh , Norouzi Roghayeh , Siyadatpanah Abolghasem , Haghirosadat Bibi Fatemeh , Rezaei Fatemeh , Nissapatorn Veeranoot , Mitsuwan Watcharapong , Nawaz Muhammad , Pereira Maria L. , Hosseini Seyed Abdollah , Montazeri Mahbobeh , Majdizadeh Mohammad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic flagellated protozoan, is one of the main non-viral sexually-transmitted diseases worldwide. Treatment options for trichomoniasis are limited to nitroimidazole compounds. However, resistance to these drugs has been reported, which requires the development of new anti-Trichomonas agents that confer suitable efficacy and less toxicity.Methods: In the present work, we assessed the effectiveness of the liposomal system containing essential oils of Bunium persicum and Trachyspermum ammi against T. vaginalis in vitro. Liposomal vesicles were prepared with phosphatidylcholine (70%) and cholesterol (30%) using the thin-film method. The essential oils of B. persicum and T. ammi were loaded into the liposomes using the inactive loading method. Liposomal vesicles were made for two plants separately. Their physicochemical features were tested using Zeta-Sizer, AFM and SEM. The anti-Trichomonas activity was determined after 12 and 24 hours of parasite cultures in TYI-S-33 medium. Results: After 12 and 24 hours of administration, the IC50 of the B. persicum essential oil nano-liposomes induced 14.41 µg/mL and 45.19 µg/mL, respectively. The IC50 of T. ammi essential oil nano-liposomes induced 8.08 µg/mL and 25.81 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: These data suggested that nano-liposomes of the essential oils of B. persicum and T. ammi may be a promising alternative to current treatments for Trichomonas infection.
EMS utilization predictors in a Mobile Integrated Health (MIH) program
Authors: Peralta Luis Mauricio Pinet , Glos Lukas , Sanna Evan , Frankel Brian , Lindqvist Ernest 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background. The provision of unnecessary Emergency Medical Services care remains a challenge throughout the US and contributes to Emergency Department overcrowding, delayed services and lower quality of care. New EMS models of care have shown promise in improving access to health services for patients who do not need urgent care. The goals of this study were 1) to identify factors associated with EMS utilization (911) and 2) their effects on total EMS calls and transports in an MIH program. Methods. The study sample included 110 MIH patients referred to the program or considered high-users of EMS services between November 2016-September 2018. The study employed descriptive statistics and Poisson regressions to estimate the effects of covariates on total EMS calls and transports. Results. The typical enrollee is a 60-year-old single Black male living with two other individuals. He has a PCP, takes 12 medications and is compliant with his treatment. The likelihood of calling and/or being transported by EMS was higher for males, patients at high risk for falls, patients with asthma/COPD, psychiatric or behavioral illnesses, and longer travel times to a PCP. Each prescribed medication increased the risk for EMS calls or transports by 4%. The program achieved clear reductions in 911 calls and transports and savings of more than 140,000 USD in the first month. Conclusions. This study shows that age, marital status, high fall risk scores, the number of medications, psychiatric/behavioral illness, asthma/COPD, CHF, CVA/stroke and medication compliance may be good predictors of EMS use in an MIH setting. MIH programs can help control utilization of EMS care and reduce both EMS calls and transports.
Melatonin promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation and prevents osteoporosis development through modulating circ_0003865 that sponges miR-3653-3p
Authors: Wang Xudong , Chen Taiqiu , Deng Zhihuai , Gao Wenjie , Liang Tongzhou , Qiu Xianjian , Gao Bo , Wu Zizhao , Qiu Jincheng , Zhu Yuanxin , Chen Yanbo , Liang Zhancheng , Zhou Hang , Xu Caixia , Liang Anjing , Su Peiqiang , Peng Yan , Huang Dongsheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Little is known about the implications of circRNAs in the effects of Melatonin (MEL) on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenic differentiation and osteoporosis progression.The aim of our study was to investigate circRNAs in MEL-regulated BMSCs differentiation and osteoporosis progression.Methods: BMSCs osteogenic differentiation was measured by qRT-PCR, western blot (WB), Alizarin Red and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. Differential circRNA and mRNA profiles of BMSCs treated by MEL were characterized by deep sequencing, followed by validation using RT-PCR, Sanger sequencing, and qRT-PCR. Silencing and overexpression of circ_0003865 were conducted for functional investigations. The sponged microRNAs and targeted mRNAs were predicted by bioinformatics and validated by qRT-PCR, RNA pull-down, and dual-luciferase reporter assay. The function of miR-3653-3p and circ_0003865/miR-3653-3p/growth arrest-specific gene 1 (GAS1) cascade were validated for the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by CCK-8, qRT-PCR, WB, Alizarin Red, and ALP staining. The effects of circ_0003865 on osteoporosis (OP) development was tested in murine osteoporosis model.Results: MEL promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. RNA sequencing revealed significant alterations in circRNA and mRNA profiles associated with multiple biological processes and signaling pathways. Circ_0003865 expression in BMSCs was significantly decreased by MEL treatment. Silencing of circ_0003865 had no effect on proliferation while promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Overexpression of circ_0003865 abrogated the promotion of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation induced by MEL, but proliferation of BMSCs induced by MEL had no change whether circ_0003865 was overexpression or not. Furthermore, circ_0003865 sponged miR-3653-3p to promote GAS1 expression in BMSCs. BMSCs osteogenic differentiation was enhanced by miR-3653-3p overexpression while BMSCs proliferation was not affected. By contrast, miR-3653-3p silencing mitigated the promoted BMSCs osteogenic differentiation caused by circ_0003865 silencing, but had no effect on proliferation. Finally, circ_0003865 silencing repressed OP development in mouse model.Conclusion: MEL promotes BMSCs osteogenic differentiation and inhibits osteoporosis pathogenesis by suppressing the expression of circ_0003865, which regulates GAS1 gene expression via sponging miR-3653-3p.
An empirical analysis of dealing with patients who are lost to follow-up when developing prognostic models using a cohort design
Authors: Reps Jenna M , Rijnbeek Peter , Cuthbert Alana , Ryan Patrick B , Pratt Nicole , Schuemie Martijn J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Researchers developing prediction models are faced with numerous design choices that may impact model performance. One key decision is how to include patients who are lost to follow-up. In this paper we perform a large-scale empirical evaluation investigating the impact of this decision. In addition, we aim to provide guidelines for how to deal with loss to follow-up.Methods: We generate a partially synthetic dataset with complete follow-up and simulate loss to follow-up based either on random selection or on selection based on comorbidity. In addition to our synthetic data study we investigate 21 real-world data prediction problems. We compare four simple strategies for developing models when using a cohort design that encounters loss to follow-up. Three strategies employ a binary classifier with data that: i) include all patients (including those lost to follow-up), ii) exclude all patients lost to follow-up or iii) only exclude patients lost to follow-up who do not have the outcome before being lost to follow-up. The fourth strategy uses a survival model with data that include all patients. We empirically evaluate the discrimination and calibration performance.Results: The partially synthetic data study results show that excluding patients who are lost to follow-up can introduce bias when loss to follow-up is common and does not occur at random. However, when loss to follow-up was completely at random, the choice of addressing it had negligible impact on model discrimination performance. Our empirical real-world data results showed that the four design choices investigated to deal with loss to follow-up resulted in comparable performance when the time-at-risk was 1-year but demonstrated differential bias when we looked into 3-year time-at-risk. Removing patients who are lost to follow-up before experiencing the outcome but keeping patients who are lost to follow-up after the outcome can bias a model and should be avoided.Conclusion: Based on this study we therefore recommend i) developing models using data that includes patients that are lost to follow-up and ii) evaluate the discrimination and calibration of models twice: on a test set including patients lost to follow-up and a test set excluding patients lost to follow-up.
The situation of elderly with cognitive impairment living at home during lockdown in the Corona-pandemic in Germany
Authors: Thyrian Jochen René , Kracht Friederike , Nikelski Angela , Boekholt Melanie , Schumacher-Schönert Fanny , Rädke Anika , Michalowsky Bernhard , Vollmar Horst Christian , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Rodriguez Francisca S. , Kreisel Stefan H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The outbreak of the Corona virus is a challenge for health care systems worldwide. The aim of this study is to analyze a) knowledge about, and feelings related to the Corona-pandemic. Describe b) loneliness, depression and anxiety and, c) the perceived, immediate impact of the lockdown on frequency of social contacts and quality of health care provision of people with cognitive impairment during social distancing and lockdown in the primary care system and living at home in Germany. Methods: This analysis is based on data of a telephone-based assessment in a convenience sample of n=141 people with known cognitive impairment in the primary care setting. Data on e.g. cognitive and psychological status prior to the pandemic was available. Attitudes, knowledge about and perceived personal impact of the pandemic, social support, loneliness, anxiety, depression, change in the frequency of social activities due to the pandemic and perceived impact of the pandemic on health care related services were assessed during the time of lockdown. Results: The vast majority of participants are sufficiently informed about Corona (85%) and most think that the measures taken are appropriate (64%). A total of 11% shows one main symptom of a depression according to DSM-5. The frequency of depressive symptoms has not increased between the time before pandemic and lockdown in almost all participants. The sample shows minimal (65.0%) or low symptoms of anxiety (25%). The prevalence of loneliness is 10%. On average seven activities have decreased in frequency due to the pandemic. Social activities related to meeting people, dancing or visiting birthdays have decreased significantly. Talking with friends by phone and activities like gardening have increased. Utilization of health care services like day clinics, relief services and prescribed therapies have been reported to have worsened due to the pandemic. Visits to general practitioners decreased. Conclusions: The study shows a small impact of the pandemic on psychological variables like depression, anxiety and loneliness in the short-term in Germany. There is a decrease in social activities as expected. The impact on health care provision is prominent. There is a need for qualitative, in-depth studies to further interpret the results.
MANAJEMEN PESERTA DIDIK BERBASIS SEGREGASI GENDER DI MADRASAH ALIYAH PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Chotimah Chusnul 
Published: December 2020

Asumsi secara umum menyatakan bahwa manajemen jika diterapkan dengan kebijakan segregasi gender maka akan menjadi bias atau mengalami ketimpangan. Apalagi jika diterapkan di lembaga pendidikan. Hal ini dikhawatirkan terjadi diskriminasi gender dalam dunia pendidikan yang bertentangan dengan UU No. 7 tahun 1984 terkait penghapusan segala bentuk diskriminasi terhadap perempuan (CEDAW), UU No. 25 tahun 2000 tentang Program Pembangunan Nasional (PROPENAS) peningkatan kualitas perempuan, dan juga bertentangan dengan konsep Islam itu sendiri yang tidak pernah membedakan antara laki-laki dan perempuan kecuali tingkat ketaqwaan. Namun faktanya asumsi negative tersebut tidaklah sepenuhnya terbukti. Faktanya, MA Darul Hikmah sebagai lembaga pendidikan Islam berbasis pondok pesantren yang menerapkan segregasi gender tetap menjadi rujukan masysarakat. Argumentasi apa yang menjadi alasan para orang tua? Bagaimana pelaksanaan manajemen segregasi gender tersebut, dan bagaimana implikasinya?, itulah yang menjadi kajian artikel ini.
Berbekal dengan penggalian data di lapangan melalui wawancara dengan kiai, pengasuh, ustadz, peserta didik (santri), dan orang tua, didukung dokumentasi dan observasi yang telah dianalisis dengan teori Milles and Hubberman, didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut: 1) Alasan penerapan manajemen peserta didik berbasis segregasi gender adalah menjaga tradisi pewarisan pesantren, penegakkan doktrin agama, dan optimalisasi peran dan prestasi peserta didik; 2) Pelaksanaan segregasi gender bukanlah dalam kerangka diskriminasi pendidikan antara laki-laki dan perempuan, bukan menjadi penghambat pelaksanaan pembelajaran, tetapi justru dapat memunculkan kreatifitas manakala secara substansi peserta didik diberi hak, akses, peran, dan partisipasi yang sama (ballancing management). Kebijakan ballancing gender menjadi pendorong manajemen responsif gender; 3) Dengan segregasi gender justru mampu memberikan value kepada peserta didik dalam hal pembentukan karaktek dan mencegah pergaulan bebas sebagai implikasi positif. Sementara implikasi negatif mengarah pada interaksi canggung dengan lawan jenis dan menurunnya motivasi dalam belajar.
MENANAMKAN TRADISI MEMBACA PADA SISWA MENURUT PANDANGAN KH. WAHID HASYIM DALAM MENJAWAB TANTANGAN ERA INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Qodriyatun Zaenani Nani , Muqowim Muqowim , Radjasa Radjasa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract : This library research study attempts to answer two questions. First, how had KH. Wahid Hasyim thought about character education? Second, how the character implementation likes reading according to KH. Wahid Hasyim on the current condition of reading power in Indonesia, especially madrasa students? Through inductive analysis, two findings are produced. First, there are eight character values that educated by KH. Wahid Hasyim. The eight values are religious, tolerance, self-attendance, democratic, nationalism, love for the motherland, friendly or communicative, and fond of reading. The second finding in this study, that the fondness of reading KH. Wahid Hasyim is in line with what is contained in the Law on the National Education System (National Education System) No. 20 of 2003 article 4 paragraph 5 which explains that education is carried out by developing a culture of reading, writing and arithmetic for all citizens. Also in line with the command of Allah in the teachings of Islam contained in the first revelation that is "Read in the name of your Lord who created," (Surah Al-'Alaq 96: Verse 1)
Virtual water and its effect in Huaihe River basin: an analysis using a dynamic multi-region computable general equilibrium model
Authors: Zhao Jing , Liu Jinhua , Ni Hongzhen , Zhao Yong , Han Yuping , Diao Zicheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A dynamic multi-region computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is used to analyze virtual water and its effect in the Huaihe River basin, which includes Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and Henan provinces. The baseline scenario was first constructed to describe the trade situation and virtual water among different regions and sectors from 2009–2020. Then two hypothetical policy scenarios were set to analyze the economic, water consumption and virtual water trade impacts under different policy shocks. The results show that (1) the Huaihe River basin was a net virtual water outflow region, with 13.977 × 109 m3 virtual water transferred outside the river basin in 2009, and 26.653 × 109 m3 VW transferred to outside in 2020. Jiangsu is the largest virtual water outflow province (mainly flows to outside), followed by Anhui. Anhui suffers from severe water shortage, but provides a net virtual water outflow to Henan, Jiangsu and Shandong and outside; (2) reducing Anhui's agricultural output (S1 scenario) and Anhui's agricultural virtual water outflow (S2 scenario) can not only reduce virtual water trade but also save water, but S1 scenario reduced net virtual water outflow by more, and saved more water. S1 had a positive effect on gross domestic product (GDP), but reduced the employment rate.