bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lay Participation in the Law-Making on the Example of Czechoslovak Codification during the Legal Biennial
Authors: Kabát Jan 
Published: December 2024

This contribution examines the involvement of laypersons in the legislative process in Czechoslovakia during the Legal Biennial, which was the recodification process after the 1948 Czechoslovak coup d’état to implement the new people’s democratic law. The contribution focuses on how laypeople, particularly workers and members of mass organizations, were integrated into the drafting of new laws under the newly established communist regime. It explores the ideological motives behind this inclusion, aimed at reflecting the class-based nature of socialist law, while also highlighting the practical challenges faced during the codification process. Despite these challenges, the involvement of laypeople led to many benefits with direct impacts on the legislative level of the recodified laws, that contribution also identifies.
The Criminal Commissions at the National Committees in Czechoslovakia
Authors: Zapletalová Petra 
Published: December 2024

This contribution aims to describe and analyse the criminal commissions at the national committees in Czechoslovakia during the socialism. The first part of the text is devoted to the features and various parts of the National Committees, especially in the 1950s to 1970s. The second part of this contribution defines the Criminal Commissions at the National Committees with the focus on the importance of their existence and their criminal administrative proceedings against citizens. The next part of the paper presents a selection of cases that were adjudicated by the local national committee in the Brno-venkov district. The conclusion of the article considers the questions of whether the Criminal Commissions at the National Committees properly and lawfully sanctioned offences and may be regarded as the appropriate authorities for the protection and education the socialist society in Czechoslovakia.
The Secret Will of Karol Brzostowski: A Contribution to the Reception of French Civil Law in Polish Lands
Authors: Ułanowicz Mateusz 
Published: December 2024

The article aims to present the reception of French civil law in Polish lands based on the sources concerning the secret will of Karol Brzostowski (1796–1854) – polish officer, entrepreneur, inventor, constructor and landowner in the Kingdom of Poland. The article is the result of research for a doctoral thesis “The testamentary freedom in the ‘mortis causa’ dispositions of Karol Brzostowski”. The methodology used in this publication was the diplomatics. The author researched the notarial deeds founded in the State Archives in Suwałki, Poland. Through the analysis of the sources, it was possible to characterise the binding force of the Napoleonic Code in the Duchy of Warsaw and the then Kingdom of Poland based on the law of succession concerning the biography of the testator.
Strengths and Weaknesses of the Four Traditions of Tibetan Buddhism
Authors: Phuntsho Karma 
Published: December 2024

In this short composition, Mipham Namgyal Gyatso - an eastern Tibetan polymath and rimé master of the nineteenth century - combines satire, humor and heartfelt advice – to satirically tease the four major Tibetan Buddhist traditions, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. Read alongside other writings containing sectarian humor and criticism, particularly from the fifteenth century religious critic, Drukpa Kuenley, Mipham’s short tract not only helps one get a sense of Tibetan religious humor but also gives insights into Tibetan religious culture and history.
འཚར་གཏམ་རྩོམ་ཡིག་འདི་ནི། དུས་རབས་བཅུ་དགུ་པའི་ནང་བོད་ཤར་ཕྱོགས་ཁམས་ཁུལ་དུ་བྱོན་པའི་མཁས་པའི་དབང་པོ་རིས་མེད་བསྟན་པའི་བདག་པོ་འཇམ་མགོན་མི་ཕམ་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་རྒྱ་མཚོ་མཆོག་གིས་མཛད་ཅིང་། གསུང་རྩོམ་འདིར་བོད་ཀྱི་ཆོས་བརྒྱུད་བཞི་ལ་གཟེངས་བསྟོད་དང་རྩེད་མོའི་ཚུལ་དུ་སྐྱོན་བརྗོད་དང་ཟུར་ཟ། དེ་བཞིན་ལེགས་བཅོས་དང་ཐུགས་མཐུན་དགོས་པའི་ཞལ་གདམས་གནང་ཡོད་ཅིང་། འདི་ལ་བརྟེན་ནས་བོད་ཀྱི་འབྲི་རྩོམ་རིག་པར་ཡོད་པའི་བསྟོད་སྨད་སྟིང་ཚིག་སོགས་བརྗོད་པའི་ཉམས་འགྱུར་ཕུན་སུམ་ཚོགས་པ་ཤེས་ནུས་པ་དང་། དེ་བཞིན་འབྲུག་པ་ཀུན་ལེགས་ལ་སོགས་པས་མཛད་པའི་སུན་འབྱིན་དང་འགག་པ་གཞན་དང་སྦྱར་ནས་མཇལ་ན། བོད་ཀྱི་ཆོས་བརྒྱུད་ཁག་གི་འཕེལ་རྒྱས་འགྱུར་འགྲོས་དང་སྐྱོན་དང་ཡོན་ཏན་སོགས་རྟོགས་པར་ཕན་རླབས་ཆེ་བ་ཡིན།།
OPTIMIZATION ADSORPTION OF HEXAVALEN CHROMIUM (CR-VI) IN ACTIVATED CARBON (MICROWAVE-ASSISTED ZNCL2 CHEMICAL-ACTIVATION) USING TAGUCHI METHOD
Authors: Rahmawati Atiqa , Robbika Fadzkurisma , Yuafni  
Published: December 2024

The issue of heavy metal pollution is a significant concern in the environmental. Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is hazardous heavy metal when it is discharged and expands within ecosystem. Cr(VI) is a hazardous compound that high susceptibility to oxidation and mutagenic. The tannery industry generates hexavalent chromium in its liquid waste. Managing Cr(VI) liquid waste could use the adsorption technique with activated carbon. In this study the activation of activated carbon using microwave-assisted ZnCl2 chemical activation. The activated carbon used for adsorbing the Cr(VI). The objective of this study was to ascertain the optimum parameters for the adsorption of Cr(VI) utilizing activated carbon. The optimization method is Taguchi, which incorporates three factors: A (pH), B (activated carbon dosage), and C (agitation). The result of optimization is pH 2; 0,4 g activated carbon dosage, and agitation 20 rpm, which the optimal response was 16.7498 mg/L. The analysis using the desirability obtained desirability value of 1. The ANOVA results indicate that the pH significant on the response. The adjusted R-square is 0.9667 and predicted R-square is 0.8668. It can be concluded that the model and actual conditions has slighly discrepancies. Then, the regression equation from the model can be estimate the actual value.
UTILIZATION OF AROMATIC SULPHONES IN THE UPPER SHOES LEATHER TANNING PROCESS
Authors: Abdullah Sofwan Siddiq , Kuntoro  , Robbika Fadzkurisma , Hakim Thoyib Rohman 
Published: December 2024

Technology of leather tannery is influenced by laws and developments in technology, both domestically and internationally. Current research has a major focus on discovering new process technologies and materials that make the leather processing technology more optimal and environmentally friendly. Currently, most of the leather tanning processes in Indonesia still have normative stages, which consist of beam house operation, tanning, post-tanning (neutralization, retanning, dyeing, fatliquoring) and finishing stages. The purpose of this study is to alter the post-tanning procedure for upper shoes by using aromatic sulfones. By using aromatic sulfones, leather can be tanned without the requirement for neutralization. The results of this study are expected to educate tanneries and give them another choice for performing tanning techniques that are more efficient, more reasonably priced, and meet standards for the quality of finished leather. With the addition of aromatic sulfones, wet blue goat skin post-tanning can be finished in 225 minutes (3 hours 45 minutes), or roughly 21.43% of the typical processing time. This process modification can both speed up the tanning process and consume less water because no fresh water is needed during the post-tanning phase. Water savings in the post-tanning process can reach 400% of the total water used. With these advantages, it is believed that the tanning process for leather would become more effective and affordable. Furthermore, by using less water during the post-tanning process, liquid waste can also be decreased. In terms of organoleptics and mechanics, the rubbing resistance of post-tanning leather with with the addition of aromatic sulfones meets the requirements/standards for upper shoes.
Menghitung Besar Biaya (Cost) Dari Perancangan Perawatan Menggunakan Metode Reliability Centered Maintenance Pada Fuel Boost Pump Pesawat Boeing 737-400
Authors: Octaline Putri Efma  , Reo Yudhono  , Arfie Armelia Erissonia  , Ferry Setiawan  
Published: December 2024

This study aims to know the cost of designing maintenance using the Reliability Centered Maintenance method. Engine and fuel control, is a fuel engine system and fuel control system; in charge of distributing and measuring fuel from the fuel storage tank, to the combustion chamber. Gas turbine or component area (Combustor), functions as a distributor of fuel used in aircraft systems and plays a role in carrying out its operation (Boeing 737-400 Aircraft Maintenance Manual). Reliability is the possibility of a component or system to be able to operate and/or carry out its functions. The function has been assigned to certain operating conditions and in a certain environment for a predetermined period of time. Thus, reliability is the probability that it will not fail or be able to perform its function for a period of time (t) or more. In the analysis of preventive maintenance financing, which is carried out when the reliability value reaches 70%, 60% and 50%, respectively, it is obtained for each component.
Perancangan Typeface Eksperimental Motif Aka Cino Minangkabau
Authors: Raiyanuwaldi Raiyanuwaldi  , Dini Faisal  
Published: December 2024

Experimental typeface design of Aka cino Minangkabau motif. This design is motivated by the lack of knowledge of Minangkabau people about this carving motif. The purpose of this design is to explore the aka cino motif into the design of letters so that it can elevate local culture into contemporary works so that people, especially Minangkabau, can appreciate and preserve local culture. This design uses the 4-D model design method (Four D Models). There are four phases in this model, namely: Defining, Designing, Developing, and Deploying. The data collection method uses literature study, internet and online questionnaire distribution. The result of this design is that this typeface has represented the impression of the aka cino motif and is intended as a text headline with very good readibility and legibility.
Kedekatan Judi dengan Layanan Benda Acak Gacha(Lootbox) pada Video Game
Authors: Ardiansyah Fachrizal , Wahyu Ahmad 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT. This article discussess the closeness between random object service gacha(lootbox) with gambling which raises concerns about plunging players, especially children. This article aims to see the closeness between gacha system and gambling, made by the method of literature study, namely through recording, literature review and data processing. The data taken is seen from the current situation and then collects information about the topic being discussed. The similarity between gacha and gambling systems shows the closeness between, players who paid for gacha can be said to be gambling. Meanwhile, players who don’t pay and just have fun are not decisive called a gambler. However, there needs to be a deeper analysis of this matter.

Keyword : Game, Gacha, and Gambling

Abstrak. Artikel ini membahas kedekatan antara layanan benda acak gacha(lootbox) dengan judi yang memunculkan kekhawatiran akan menjerumuskan pemain terutama anak – anak. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melihat kedekatan antara sistem gacha dengan judi, dibuat dengan metode studi literatur yakni melalui pencatatan, kajian Pustaka dan pengolahan data. Data yang diambil dilihat dari keadaan yang sedang terjadi saat ini kemudian mengumpulkan informasi mengenai topik yang dibahas. Kesamaan antara sistem gacha dan judi menunjukkan kedekatan antara keduanya, pemain yang membayar untuk melakukan gacha dapat dianggap sebagai perjudian. Sedangkan pemain yang tidak membayar dan hanya bersenang – senang tidak mutlak disebut sebagai penjudi. Meskipun begitu, perlu adanya analisis lebih dalam mengenai hal tersebut.

Kata Kunci : Game, Gacha, dan Judi
Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa Pada Proposal Kegiatan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: Aura Meriska  , Rosenta L Situngkir  , Felicia Joice Sitinjak  , Mustika Wati Siregar  
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze language errors in proposals for empowerment activities for people with hypertension. Qualitative methods are used in this research to explore and understand language errors that may be contained in the proposal. The data analyzed is a proposal for community empowerment activities for people with hypertension collected from various trusted sources. The analysis is carried out using a qualitative approach, where the researcher will in-depth identify, categorize and analyze language errors contained in the proposal. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a better understanding of language errors that often occur in proposals for empowerment activities for people with hypertension, so that they can contribute to improving the quality of these proposals.

Keywords: analyze, errors, language, proposals
ANALISIS PENERAPAN AKUNTANSI LINGKUNGAN SYARIAH DAN PERANANNYA DALAM PENGELOLAAN DANA ZAKAT, INFAQ, DAN SEDEKAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF ISLAM
Authors: Melyn Anggraini  , Ersi Sisdianto  
Published: December 2024

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the application of Islamic accounting and its role in the management of zakat, infaq, and sedekah funds in Indonesia. The research method used is qualitative with a literature study approach, utilizing written sources such as journals, books, and other related documents. Islamic accounting, based on Islamic principles, plays a crucial role in ensuring that the management of zakat, infaq, and sedekah funds is conducted transparently, accountably, and in accordance with Islamic law. The implementation of Islamic accounting in the management of social funds aims to optimize the distribution of funds to the mustahik (beneficiaries) and ensure that the funds are used in accordance with the goals of Sharia. This study also identifies challenges faced in the implementation of Islamic accounting, such as the lack of understanding among zakat administrators, as well as the need for clearer and more structured accounting standards. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of a more effective Islamic accounting system for the management of zakat, infaq, and sedekah funds.
Keywords: Islamic Accounting, Zakat, Infaq, Sedekah, Fund Management

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan akuntansi syariah dan perannya dalam pengelolaan dana zakat, infaq, dan sedekah di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka, yang memanfaatkan sumber-sumber tertulis seperti jurnal, buku, dan dokumen terkait lainnya. Akuntansi syariah, yang berlandaskan pada prinsip-prinsip Islam, memiliki peran penting dalam memastikan bahwa pengelolaan dana zakat, infaq, dan sedekah dilakukan secara transparan, akuntabel, dan sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Penerapan akuntansi syariah dalam pengelolaan dana sosial ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan distribusi dana kepada mustahik (penerima) dan memastikan bahwa dana digunakan sesuai dengan tujuan syariah. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi tantangan yang dihadapi dalam implementasi akuntansi syariah, seperti kurangnya pemahaman di kalangan pengelola zakat, serta kebutuhan akan standar akuntansi yang lebih jelas dan terstruktur. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan sistem akuntansi syariah yang lebih efektif untuk pengelolaan dana zakat, infaq, dan sedekah.
Kata kunci: Akuntansi Syariah, Zakat, Infaq, Sedekah, Pengelolaan Dana
Comprehensive Review of Pharmacist-Driven Medication Therapy Management: Improving Patient Safety and Compliance
Authors: Balhareth Ibrahim Mohsen Salem , Al shalan Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed , Alshehri Abdullah Mahdi Mohammed , Alshehri Abdullah Mohammed Abdullah , Alshehri Dhafer Mohammed Dhafer , Alshahrani Abdullah Ali Saeed , Al rashadi Saeed Mohamad Rashadi , Alqahtani Faris Hussain Ali , Alhudaisan Thamer Mohammed , Alwadai Abdullah Mahdi Jobran 
Published: December 2024

Medication therapy management is a critical service that involves medication reviews, patient education, and care management to enhance patients' therapeutic processes. The presence of pharmacists as easily available healthcare professionals who specialize in the use of drugs and medication is vital in avoiding causes of medication risks and complications, medication compliance, and better outcomes for patients’ health. This review will discuss the involvement of pharmacists in MTM, the advantages or disadvantages of using the technique, patient safety, and noncompliance. We also review how MTM interventions conducted by pharmacists are being practiced and evaluated in the present literature, their strengths and weaknesses, and the future direction of this practice.
Instabilité politique et chômage en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Jacques Hakizimana , Ngakala Akylangongo Olga Euphrasie , Ndinga Mathias Marie Adrien 
Published: December 2024

L’Afrique subsaharienne fait face à des situations d’instabilité politique dans un contexte de chômage de masse. À ce sujet, la littérature économique demeure mitigée sur la relation entre les deux phénomènes. Certains auteurs pensent que c’est l’instabilité politique qui est la source du chômage, d’autres pensent le contraire. A cet égard, l’objectif du présent article est d’étudier la relation entre l’instabilité politique et le chômage en Afrique subsaharienne à l’aide du modèle autorégressif à retards échelonnés (ARDL) en données de panel et des données de 2002 à 2022. Les résultats montrent une relation unidirectionnelle allant du chômage vers l’istabilité politique. Ils permettent de soutenir que, d’une part, le chômage est un lubrifiant de l’instabilité politique et que, d’autre part, le chômage est une conséquence marginale de l’instabilité politique. Ces résultats impliquent que soient élaborées et mises en oeuvre des politiques publiques susceptibles de promouvoir la croissance économique et l’emploi et de renforcer la démocratie et la gouvernance afin de rompre les liens vicieux (chômage-instabilité politique) qui handicapent le processus de développement dans les pays au sud du Sahara. Il s’agit, entre autres, de faire les investissements appropriés dans le capital humain, dans les services sociaux de base et dans la promotion de l’industrialisation afin de faciliter l’accès à l’emploi, notamment pour la jeunesse, qui constitue une partie importante de la structure démographique.
La problématique de l’autonomie fiscale des régions à l’aune de la réforme de la décentralisation au Cameroun
Authors: Goudem Laméné Berthelot 
Published: December 2024

La réforme de la décentralisation en 2019 a dynamisé l’institution régionale par l’accélération de sa mise en place et l’octroi d’un statut spécial aux régions du Nord-Ouest et du Sud-Ouest, alors en crise. Cependant, elle n’accentue pas l’autonomie fiscale de ces collectivités locales, pour lesquelles l’accomplissement des missions de développement reste un défi crucial. Forte de ce constat, la présente réflexion sur l’autonomie fiscale des régions au regard de l’évolution actuelle de la décentralisation met en évidence la limitation de ladite autonomie par l’État. Il est ainsi démontré, en premier lieu, que cette autonomie est retenue au profit de l’État qui, en plus, n’a pas arrimé de régime fiscal dérogatoire au statut spécial des deux régions susmentionnées. En second lieu, cette autonomie est rationnalisée en vue de préserver la stabilité et l’autorité de l’État ; mais l’aménagement de cette rationalisation peut être envisagé dans une perspective de concrétisation du développement local.
Lumpen Logistics: Stop Working and Get Mad, or Get Mad and Have Fun
Authors: Boscagli Maurizia 
Published: December 2024

Resumen
Gran parte de la creación artística contemporánea apela al cuerpo y al espacio para hacer consciente al público de su rol activo en la experiencia estética. Un rol, no obstante, a menudo incómodo, perceptible en obras que, por ejemplo, comprometen al espectador o espectadora haciéndole tomar decisiones inesperadas, o que despliegan ambientes poco acogedores, complicando incluso el movimiento alrededor de ellas. En este artículo nos preguntamos cómo este habitar frustrado en el contexto del espacio expositivo establece paralelismos con el espacio resultante del proceso mismo de habitar: el entorno doméstico. Nos centramos en artistas que tratan dicho espacio pero como un lugar paradójicamente incómodo, de ahí su inoperancia. En concreto, acudimos a la cama por ser el umbral mínimo de lo doméstico –al proporcionar descanso, reposo y cobijo– , pero cuya incómoda apelación nos permitirá trascender sus límites, apuntando a temas como el derecho a la vivienda, la privacidad, el descanso o la violencia ortopédica en nuestras actuales y disciplinadas sociedades del rendimiento.
Palabras clave: resistencia; incomodidad; cama; arte contemporáneo; inoperancia.
Abstract
A large part of contemporary artistic creation appeals to the body and space to make the public aware of their active role in the aesthetic experience. A role that, nonetheless, is often uncomfortable, perceptible in works that engage the spectator by making him or her make unexpected decisions, or that display unwelcoming, precarious environments that even complicate movement around them. In this article we ask how this frustrated inhabiting around the exhibition space establishes parallels with the space resulting from the very process of inhabiting: the domestic environment. We focus on artists who treat this space as a paradoxically uncomfortable place, hence the loss of its operability. We will turn to the bed as the minimum threshold of the domestic –the one that primarily provides rest or shelter– and whose uncomfortable appeal will allow us to transcend its limits, raising issues such as the right to housing, privacy, rest and orthopaedic violence in our current disciplined societies of efficiency.
Keywords: resistance; discomfort, bed; contemporary art; inoperosity.
Poética de la inoperosidad. La potencia-de-no de la imagen en Guy Debord
Authors: Taccetta Natalia 
Published: December 2024

Resumen
Este artículo se propone reflexionar sobre lo que Giorgio Agamben denomina «poética de la inoperosidad». En este sentido, el concepto de potencia-de-no resulta central en tanto propone que todo acto de creación no solamente resiste (lo cual es posible sostener siguiendo una línea que va de Michel Foucault a Gilles Deleuze), sino que se opone asimismo a la expresión en términos de detener su movimiento hacia el acto y, así, conservar su potencia. A la luz de estas consideraciones, se pretende explorar cómo se construye la imagen cinematográfica de Guy Debord para comprender el gesto de destrucción de la imagen de la sociedad espectacular, como suspensión y crítica de sus mecanismos en la consolidación de la imagen cinematográfica como su propia negación.
Palabras clave: inoperosidad; potencia-de-no; creación; arqueología; Guy Debord
Abstract
This article aims to reflect on what Giorgio Agamben calls «poetics of inoperability». In this sense, the concept of power-of-not is central insofar as it proposes that every act of creation not only resists (which can be maintained following a line that goes from Michel Foucault to Gilles Deleuze), but also opposes expression in terms of stopping its movement towards the act and, thus, preserving its potency. In light of these considerations, the aim is to explore how Guy Debord’s cinematographic image is constructed to understand the gesture of destruction of the image of spectacular society, as a suspension and criticism of its mechanisms in the consolidation of the cinematographic image as its own denial.
Keywords: inoperosity; power-of-not; creation; archaeology; Guy Debord