bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KECURANGAN AKADEMIK PADA MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF FRAUD DIAMOND
Authors: Billy Billy , Andrianus Andrianus , Yuliati Retno , Adelina Yang Elvi 
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this research is to examine which factors that drive students especially that majoring in accounting, commit academic dishonesty based on fraud diamond theory and refers to (Sabli, Hamid, Haron, & Wahab, 2018) research. Based on all initial research, we can see that there are many inconsistent results from many universities. The sampling method that we use for this research is purposive sampling using questionnaires. The object of this research is Undergraduate Accounting Student from one of the Public University in Tangerang (XYZ) from the second to the eighth semester (2015-2018 batch), within the total of 260 respondents. Those data samples are processed with Structural Equation Model (SEM). The result of this research shows that only rationalization has positive significant correlation to academic dishonesty. The model of this research is proven to fulfill the goodness-of-fit, unidimensionality, and reliability standard. The result is adequate to provide input about the importance of maintaining integrity, especially because most of these students will become an accountant in the future.
Keywords: Fraud diamond, academic dishonesty, accounting student
Обхват и цели на структурите за оценка на здравни технологии
Authors: Райчева Ралица , Стефанов Румен 
Published: January 2020

Цел: Това проучване има за цел да идентифицира и критично анализира обхвата и целите на организациите за оценка на здравни технологии (ОЗТ).
Материал и методи: Извършено е международно уеб-базирано проучване на ОЗТ организации с разнообразен профил.
Резултати: Общо бяха попълнени 111 въпросници (35.58% възвращаемост) от 39 държави на 5 континента. Според сферата на въздействие на резултатите от дейността им, ОЗТ организациите оперират на следните нива – международно (n=61, 54.95±8.76%), национално (n=92, 82.88±9.74%), местно, регионално (n=73, 65.77±9.24%) и друго (n=6, 6.31±3.40%). Устав, който да определя дейността, реда и функционирането на организацията, е приет от 60.55±4.68% (n=60). От приоритетните за организацията сфери на дейност с най-голям относителен дял е оценката на здравни технологии 81.65±13.32% (n=89), последвана от дейности, свързани с политиката на здравеопазване 50.46±11.14% (n=55) и извършване на изследователска дейност 43.12±10.43% (n=47).
Заключение: Процесите на адаптация и приспособяване преминават и през тенденцията за изохронно изработване на доклади, научни изследвания в областта на здравните услуги и оценки на качеството в рамките на ОЗТ структурата. Развитието на дейността на агенциите в тези насоки отразява увереността, че знанията, необходими за управление на здравната система, базирани на научнообоснован подход, се простират отвъд обхвата на класическите ОЗТ доклади.
Outcomes of Advanced Retinoblastoma Treated with Local Salvage Treatment; a Retrospective Case Series.
Authors: Rehman Palwasha , Javed Khan Saadiya 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy arising from the developing retina and occurs in approximately one of every 15,000–20,000 births. With the introduction of the intraarterialchemotherapy (IAC), the 5-year overall survival of children with RB is 99%, though in low- and middle-income countries, it rarely exceeds 35% due to limited resources and lack of expertise. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of local salvage in advanced RB. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on children diagnosed with advanced RB that had local salvage therapy along with systemic chemotherapy from January 2015 to January 2018 at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan. Results: Fifteen patients were included in the study, among these 10 were male. The median age of presentation was 20 months (range 2–40 months). Among participants, 11 patients had bilateral RB. Fourteen patients received local control along with systemic chemotherapy. Relapse disease was seen in 12 patients and 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) was 20%. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that centres lacking the resources for IAC should treat advance cases of RB with an upfront or early enucleation.
Pre-operative Occurrence of First Bite Syndrome in Two Cases of Parotid Gland Tumour
Authors: Nasir Khawaja Shehryar , Hussain Raza , Jamshed Arif 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: First bite syndrome (FBS) is a gustatory-evoked painful condition that is characterized by the onset of severe electric-shock like pain in the periauricular region. In the majority of patients, FBS develops post-operatively. However, in rare instances it may present in a preoperative setting. Case description: Two cases of FBS developing preoperatively secondary to parotid gland tumour are presented. The patients, 54 and 30 years old, presented with complaints of electric-shock like pain localized over the periauricular region. In each case the pain was triggered following first bite of the meal. In both cases, pain lasted for a few seconds and with subsequent bites subsided only to return at the beginning of next meal. Practical implications: Preoperative occurrence of FBS in the absence of a history of trauma or surgery should necessitate a thorough investigation and follow up for an underlying salivary gland tumour.
Formation of Halogen-bearing Species. II. Irradiation of Chloromethane in Carbon Monoxide Ice with VUV Light and Electrons
Authors: Lin Meng-Yeh , Huang Tzu-Ping , Wu Pei-Zhen , Chin Chih-Hao , Wu Yu-Jong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The synthesis of chlorine-bearing species in CO ice was studied by the irradiation of CH3Cl:CO ice at 10 K with vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) light and energetic electrons. In contrast to the photochemical behavior of CH3F:CO ice, photolysis of CH3Cl:CO ice with Lyα or broadband VUV light afforded various products. This discrepancy was attributed to the abundant absorption bands of CH3Cl in the VUV region, particularly in the Lyα region. The Cl-bearing species including Cl2O, ClCO, C3Cl2, C3HCl, and HOOCl were characterized by observing their IR features. In contrast, electron bombardment of ice mixtures produced various carbon oxides and primary products, such as CH2Cl and HCO. In addition, the mechanism of energetic processes in electron bombardment was discussed.
The Mass Relations between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies at 1 < z < 2 with HST-WFC3
Authors: Ding Xuheng , Silverman John , Treu Tommaso , Schulze Andreas , Schramm Malte , Birrer Simon , Park Daeseong , Jahnke Knud , Bennert Vardha N. , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Malkan Matthew A. , Sanders David 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Correlations between the mass of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) and the properties of its host galaxy (e.g., total stellar mass M
*, luminosity L
host) suggest an evolutionary connection. A powerful test of a coevolution scenario is to measure the relations



BH

–L
host and



BH

–M
* at high redshift and compare with local estimates. For this purpose, we acquired Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging with WFC3 of 32 X-ray-selected broad-line (type 1) active galactic nuclei at 1.2 < z < 1.7 in deep survey fields. By applying state-of-the-art tools to decompose the HST images including available ACS data, we measured the host galaxy luminosity and stellar mass along with other properties through the two-dimensional model fitting. The black hole mass (



BH

) was determined using the broad Hα line, detected in the near-infrared with the Subaru Fiber Multi-Object Spectrograph, which potentially minimizes systematic effects using other indicators. We find that the observed ratio of



BH

to total M
* is 2.7× larger at z ∼ 1.5 than in the local universe, while the scatter is equivalent between the two epochs. A nonevolving mass ratio is consistent with the data at the 2σ–3σ confidence level when accounting for selection effects (estimated using two independent and complementary methods) and their uncertainties. The relationship between



BH

and host galaxy total luminosity paints a similar picture. Therefore, our results cannot distinguish whether SMBHs and their total host stellar mass and luminosity proceed in lockstep or whether the growth of the former somewhat overshoots the latter, given the uncertainties. Based on a statistical estimate of the bulge-to-total mass fraction, the ratio



BH

/M
*,bulge is offset from the local value by a factor of ∼7, which is significant even accounting for selection effects. Taken together, these observations are consistent with a scenario in which stellar mass is subsequently transferred from an angular momentum–supported component of the galaxy to a pressure-supported one through secular processes or minor mergers at a faster rate than mass accretion onto the SMBH.
Thermal Manipulation of Bone Cement
Authors: Jiranek William 
Published: January 2020

abstract
Many factors affect the rate of polymerization of poly methylmethaery late (PMMA) and, therefore, the working timé of bone cement. Surgeons may control some factors, but not all. A surgeon may change the température of the powder and the monomer, whereas the temperature and relative humidity of the operating room are more difficult to alter. The temperature of the mixing vessels msy also be controlled. However, a surgeon has no control over the industrial mixture of the components of the bone cement, which can vary considerably from batch to batch. This article reviews the effect of temperature of cement mixtures on the working time of the cement, the irtterfacial strength of the cement-metal interface as well as the cement-bone interface, and tissue viability and cellular change at the bone-cement interface.
Long-term Follow-up Studies of Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Berry Daniel J 
Published: January 2020

abstract
Long-term follow-up studies of cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) are restricted to a few successful designs. The most studied design, the Charnley THA, has demonstrated excellent, though not perfect, survivorship at long-term follow-up in most studies, Patient-related factors including age, gender, and patient diagnosis, affect implant survivorship.
New Technology in Cemented Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Fisher David A 
Published: January 2020

abstract
The long-term results of total hip arthroplasty (THA) are predicated by excellent surgical techniques. New technology offers the hope of improving outcomes by providing to surgeons tools that make surgical procedures predictable. Techniques that improve the bone-cement-prosthesis composite should enhance long-term fixation. Less invasive surgical techniques that allow rapid recovery from THA have been recently described. Image-guided surgery may enable surgeons to accurately reconstruct the arthritic hip and improve outcomes.
Exploring Financial Literacy Programmes Delivered by the Sri Lankan Microfinance Institutions: A Case Study Approach
Authors: Premarathne W. G. I. D. , Abeysekera R. 
Published: January 2020

According to the Global Financial Literacy Survey done by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, in 2014 only 35% of adults were financially literate in Sri Lanka. However, Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) were struggling to improve this rate and there is a dearth of research covering this critical area utilizing a qualitative approach. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to focus on the critical, yet an under-researched dimension of Microfinance (MF), the intercession of MFIs in delivering FL to the MF clientele focusing on profiles such as delivering channels, importance, constraints and strategies to address. The multiple case study method was used in this study as the research methodology. The data were gathered from a purposive sample using in-depth interviews. The findings show that channels of delivering Financial Literacy (FL) are Social Mobilization Programmes, seminars, training programmes, community committees, and credit societies, and the importance of delivering FL is; enhancement of human capital, the sustainability of industry and firm, upgrade new venture survival, client protection, social and economic empowerment and development. Further, the barriers to deliver FL; budget, industry competition, in active participation, attitudes of clients, the contribution of inactive regulatory bodies and external barriers were investigated with the strategies adopted in addressing barriers; community awareness, motivational strategies, regulatory framework and cost addressing strategies. These findings contribute to both the knowledge and practice domains. They have implications for policy makers in paying attention to make a financially literate clientele in the MF discipline.
Outbreaks of dengue in Central India in 2016
Authors: Tiwari Shraddha , Shukla Mohan K. , Chand Gyan , Sahare Lalit , Ukey Mahendra J. , Joshi Piyush , Khedekar Rameshwar , Singh Neeru , Barde Pradip V. 
Published: January 2020

Background & objectives:
Dengue virus (DENV) causes outbreaks and sporadic cases in tropical and subtropical countries. Documenting intricacies of DEN outbreaks is important for future interventions. The objective of this study was to report clinical, laboratory and epidemiological features of DEN outbreaks reported in different districts of Central India in 2016.

Methods:
In 2016, outbreaks (n=4) suspected of DEN were investigated by rapid response team. Door-to-door fever and entomological surveys were conducted. Blood samples were collected and tested using NS1 or IgM ELISA; real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was done to identify serotypes of DEN virus (DENV). NS1-positive samples were tested for the presence of IgG by ELISA. Clinical and demographic data were collected and analyzed.

Results:
Outbreaks occurred in both urban and rural areas in monsoon season and Aedes aegypti was identified as the vector. Fever, chills, headache and myalgia were the major symptoms; no fatality was recorded. Of the 268 DEN suspects, 135 (50.4%) were found serologically positive. DEN positivity was higher (n=75; 55.56%) among males and in the age group of 16-45 yr (n=78; 57.8%). DENV 3 followed by DENV 2 were detected as the major responsible serotypes. High attack rates (up to 38/1000) and low cumulative IgG prevalence (14.9%) were recorded in rural areas.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Our study showed that DENV 3 was the major serotype responsible for outbreaks that occurred in monsoon. High attack rates and lower number of secondary infections in rural areas indicated that DENV is emerging in rural parts of Central India. Early diagnosis at local level and timely intervention by mosquito control activities are needed to avoid such outbreaks in future.
A prospective study of non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease among tuberculosis suspects at a tertiary care centre in north India
Authors: Sharma Surendra Kumar , Sharma Rohini , Singh Binit Kumar , Upadhyay Vishwanath , Mani Indra , Tripathi Madhavi , Kumar Prahlad 
Published: January 2020

Background & objectives:
The burden of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease is increasing worldwide. The disease shares clinicoradiological features with tuberculosis (TB), Nocardia and several fungal diseases, and its diagnosis is frequently delayed. The present study was performed to determine the frequency of NTM disease among TB suspects in a tertiary care centre in north India.

Methods:
In this prospective study, mycobacterial culture isolates from pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens among TB suspects were tested with immunochromatographic assay (ICA). All ICA-negative isolates were considered as NTM suspects and further subjected to 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer gene sequencing for confirmation and species identification. Patients with active disease were treated with drug regimen as per the identified NTM species. Follow up of patients was done to determine clinical, radiological and microbiological outcomes.

Results:
Of the 5409 TB suspects, 42 (0.77%) were diagnosed with NTM disease. Patients with active disease consenting for treatment were treated and followed up. Thirty four patients had NTM pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) and the remaining eight had extrapulmonary NTM (EP-NTM) disease. Mycobacterium intracellulare and M. abscessus, respectively, were most frequently isolated from NTM-PD and EP-NTM patients. Fifteen NTM-PD and seven EP-NTM patients successfully completed the treatment. Ten patients died due to unrelated causes, five were lost to follow up and another four declined the treatment.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Our study showed that the frequency of NTM disease was low among TB suspects at a large tertiary care centre in north India and this finding was similar to other Indian studies. More studies need to be done in other parts of the country to know the geographical variation in NTM disease, if any.
Japanese encephalitis virus-induced neuropathology in mouse model infected through the conjunctival route
Authors: Sethi Menaka , Das Tareni , Tomar Neelam , John Jeny K. , Dubal Zunjar B. , Rajak Kaushal K. , Singh Rajendra , Saikumar G. 
Published: January 2020

Background & objectives:
Mouse is a preferred animal model for studying pathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections, and different routes of inoculation have been tried. Some neurotropic viruses can reach the brain following infection through ocular route. This study was undertaken to establish JEV-induced clinical disease in mouse model through conjunctival route and document the neuropathological effects.

Methods:
Ten two-week old Swiss albino mice were inoculated with 5 μl Vero cell cultured virus containing 104.7 TCID50 JEV through conjunctival route. Clinical signs of mice were observed twice daily. After necropsy examination, different organs including eyes and olfactory bulbs were collected for histopathological examination, quantification of viral copy number and antigen by real-time TaqMan assay and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

Results:
Infected mice showed characteristic clinical signs of JE by 4 days post-infection (dpi). Histopathological lesions in brain included perivascular cuffing by mononuclear cells, focal gliosis, necrosis of neurons and neuronophagia and astrocytosis in the cerebrum, cerebellum and the brainstem. JEV viral load was highest in the brain followed by intestine, heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney. JEV antigen was detected in the bipolar and ganglion cells of the retina and in the mitral cells and periglomerular cells of olfactory bulb and other parts of the brain.

Interpretation & conclusions:
JEV infection in mice through conjunctival route produced characteristic clinical signs of the disease and neuropathological lesions. Demonstration of JEV antigen in association with neuropathological lesions in the central nervous system and neuronal cells of the eye showed that conjunctival route could be an effective alternate route for virus invasion into the brain. These findings have biosafety implications for researchers, veterinary practitioners and pig farmers.
Effect of different methods of pasteurization on bactericidal action of human milk
Authors: Patil Savita , Ananthan Anitha , Nanavati Ruchi Nimish , Nataraj Gita , Prasad Priyanka 
Published: January 2020

Background & objectives:
Pasteurization involves not only inactivation of pathogens, but also loss of immunological functions and bactericidal action of human milk. Hence, this study was aimed to explore the stability of such bactericidal action after subjecting human milk samples to thermal pasteurization under different condition of time and temperature.

Methods:
In this observational study 48 human milk samples were analyzed over a period of three months. The effect of holder and flash methods of pasteurization on bactericidal action against Escherichia coli was evaluated compared to the control sample before and after 72 h of storage at −18°C.

Results:
Both holder and flash methods of pasteurization showed significant reduction in the E. coli growth to 46.4 and 25.5 per cent, respectively, after 24 h of incubation (P<0.001). The bactericidal activity was significantly more in samples subjected to holder method compared to flash method before and after 72 h of storage (46.41±15.38 vs. 25.50±30.74, P<0.001 and 42.27±20.38 vs. 18.33±28.55, P<0.001).

Interpretation & conclusions:
Our results showed that the bactericidal activity of human milk was better preserved by the holder method of pasteurization. Further well-powered and well-designed randomized trials are needed to confirm the findings.
Status of adult immunity to hepatitis A virus in healthcare workers from a tertiary care hospital in north India
Authors: Chauhan Sanshriti , Agarwal Jyotsna , Jain Amita , Sawlani K.K. , Gupta Prashant , Goel Abhishek , Verma Neera , Himanshu D. 
Published: January 2020

Background & objectives:
Humans are considered to be the principal host for hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. In India, heterogeneous groups of susceptible individuals coexist in different regions. There has been a decline in antibody titres to HAV among young adults which may pose a major public health problem. The objective of this study was to assess the IgG anti-HAV level among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the age group of 20-60 yr and its association with the socio-demographic variables.

Methods:
Blood sample (2 ml) was collected under aseptic conditions from each participant followed by the preparation of serum and storing at −20°C. ELISA-based kits were used for the determination of IgG antibodies to HAV in the human serum samples.

Results:
Two hundred and fifty four HCWs were enrolled. IgG anti-HAV antibodies were detected in 97.2 per cent of the samples analyzed. No differences were observed in the levels of IgG anti-HAV antibody and education, income, occupation and socio-economic classes of the HCWs. A seropositivity rate of over 90 per cent was seen amongst all the socio-economic classes.

Interpretation & conclusions:
High levels of IgG protective antibodies were seen among the studied HCWs, hence HAV vaccination may not be required. It will be advisable to do a cost-benefit analysis of vaccination for HAV.
Gender specification of Polish nouns naming people: language system and public debate arguments
Authors: Kiełkiewicz-Janowiak Agnieszka 
Published: January 2020

Changes in language practices take place against a backdrop of social pressures for greater gender equality. The topic of the current paper concerns the grammatical and social complexities of a language reform for gender fair representation in the Polish context. The “socially-motivated” language reform, which aims to enhance social equality, is underpinned but also challenged by the language systemon the one hand and by public debate on the other. Therefore, grammatical constraints afforded by the language system need to be investigated in the context of the social attitudes to gender relations in Poland as well as attitudes to the proposed linguistic innovations. It is our aim here to reflect upon the current social debate about the process of ongoing language change, more specifically to consider the relevant linguistic and social arguments. These arguments used are discussed, as revealed in a close analysis of a range of texts of varying genre, social reach and significance, written as a reaction to usage dilemmas often faced by the speakers. The texts were collected between January 2014 and November 2019. The paper concludes with suggestions of the best policy to deal with a highly controversial socio-linguistic issue.