bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study to assess Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) test among agricultural workers who sprayed pesticide and non- agriculture workers in Wardha District in Central India
Authors: Prasad Dr. Manish A. , Peshane Dr. Rakesh , Quazi Dr. S.Z. , Mudey Dr. Abhay 
Published: February 2020

Background: Pesticides are very harmful for human health especially for farmers who are more in contact with them.
Objective: To compare Nerve Conduction Test among agricultural workers exposed to pesticide and non-agricultural workers.
Method: A sample size of 83 in each group was selected. A pretested questionnaire was prepared comprising of socio-demographic profile, work practices followed by agricultural pesticide sprayers, detail clinical history & findings of Nerve Conduction Test.
Result: The mean Latency in occasional pesticide sprayer was 3.12 ± 0.95 and in regular pesticide sprayer was 3.88 ± 1.08, on applying student t test the result was observed to be significant. The mean conduction velocity in occasional pesticide sprayer was 52.95 ± 11.28 and regular pesticide sprayer was 43.96 ± 12.34, on applying student t test the result was significant.
Conclusion: agricultural workers, pesticide sprayers, nerve conduction test, occupational health
Keywords: Pesticide, agriculture workers, Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV) test, Personal Protective Equipments (PPE).
Ex post evaluation of developmental interventions in large scale infrastructure projects: The case of Vistonida rural area
Authors: E. Stathakis , E. Stambologlou , Manoliadis O. 
Published: February 2020

The structural development interventions carried out by the European Union (EU) aim to accelerate the real convergence of 28 Member States, mainly those lagging behind interventions. Most of these contribute to better environmental protection, better life condition for farmers and flood protection. Evaluation of infrastructure projects contributing to spatial growth in ex-ante, ongoing, and ex-post basis is an essential activity to answer several issues raised during the growth mentioned above process. This paper aims to evaluate on ex-post basis integrated developmental interventions-large scale infrastructure projects in rural areas, using a combined method based on Social Cost-Benefit Analysis (SCBA), sustainable and rural growth indicators coming from official organizations along with the n-Dimensional (nD) modelling. The studied developmental interventions refer to Vistonida's rural area, an area to which large-scale infrastructure financed and carried out by the Greek state. They contributed to the modernization and adaptation of the agriculture sector, improving its qualitative and quantitative performance. The needed data derived from the Hellenic National Statistical Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Greek Payment Authority of Common Agricultural Policy (C.A.P.) and concern a period of forty years and they are referred to Land redistribution, irrigation land, crops structure. According to this study, the large-scale agriculture infrastructure contributes significantly to the improvement of the growth rates of a rural spatial productive system as a whole. The application of the combined method was simple, easily understood by policymakers, adequately reliable, and precise.
CONSTRUÇÃO E EFICIÊNCIA DE UM FOTORREATOR DE RADIAÇÃO ULTRAVIOLETA DE BAIXO CUSTO PARA DESINFECÇÃO DE ÁGUA
Authors: Follmer Darles Luan Schneider , Bisognin Ramiro Pereira , De Souza Eduardo Lorensi , Vasconcelos Márlon De Castro , Guerra Divanilde , Da Silva Danni Maisa 
Published: February 2020

A água é um bem imprescindível para sobrevivência e desenvolvimento dos seres vivos, e sua qualidade pode ser diretamente relacionada à saúde daqueles que a consomem ou utilizam. Nesse sentido, para minimizar os riscos de agentes biológicos presentes nas águas, a radiação ultravioleta (UV-C, 254 nm) é uma importante alternativa de desinfecção, pois inativa o material genético dos microrganismos sem o uso de oxidantes químicos. Portanto, no presente estudo objetivou-se a construção de um fotorreator UV de baixo custo e a análise de sua eficiência na desinfecção de água. Inicialmente, foram pesquisados sistemas comerciais que empregam a radiação UV para finalidade proposta. Em seguida procedeu-se a construção do fotorreator com materiais alternativos e a análise da sua eficiência na desinfecção de três amostras de efluente sanitário tratado, provenientes da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre - RS. A eficiência de desinfecção foi avaliada por meio da comparação da contagem de microrganismos crescidos em placas de Petri contendo ágar MacConkey, durante 48 h a 36 ºC, após operação do fotorreator em batelada, em diferentes tempos: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 e 21 minutos, além de um controle com a água da companhia de abastecimento. Os resultados foram avaliados por ANOVA, seguido de teste Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Como resultados, tem-se a montagem do fotorreator de 15 W em PVC, de 1,6 L, ao custo total de R$ 137,88, ou seja, equivalente a 53,05% do custo de outro fotorreator disponível via e-commerce, de dimensões inferiores. As análises das amostras do efluente, nos tempos de detenção descritos, indicaram que não houve diferença estatística entre as UFC mL-1 da água fornecida pela companhia de abastecimento e o efluente após desinfecção por 9 minutos no fotorreator. Também se verificou redução significativa no número de colônias nos 3 primeiros minutos de operação do reator. Contudo, pode-se inferir que o melhor tempo de detenção hidráulica foi de 15 minutos, tendo em vista a maior redução da concentração de UFC mL-1 que foi de 99,25% em relação ao efluente estudado. Portanto, conclui-se que o sistema pode ser empregado na desinfecção de águas residuárias ou como solução para regiões onde não há tratamento adequado.
PERCEPÇÃO AMBIENTAL E EXTRATIVISMO DA MANGABEIRA: UM ESTUDO EM COMUNIDADES DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: Oliveira Kívia Soares de , Aloufa Magdi Ahmed Ibrahim 
Published: February 2020

Nas últimas décadas, a ação antropogênica e o aumento da degradação ambiental intensificaram a vulnerabilidade da mangabeira em diversas regiões do Nordeste. Nesse contexto, o conhecimento das populações locais através do estudo da percepção ambiental pode contribuir para conservação da espécie, por viabilizar melhor compreensão da sustentabilidade e atividades antrópicas atuantes na região. Este estudo buscou analisar a percepção ambiental de catadores de mangaba em comunidades rurais do Rio Grande do Norte. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados foram: 1) Visitas de campo; 2) observação participante; 3) entrevistas semiestruturadas e 4) técnica de saturação teórica dos dados. Como resultado, constatou-se que a coleta de mangaba é realizada predominantemente por mulheres com idade entre 41 a 60 anos. A maioria possui ensino fundamental incompleto e renda média mensal de um salário mínimo. A percepção dos catadores indica que eles possuem conhecimentos em relação à mangabeira, apresentam alta dependência de seus recursos e percebem que os mesmos estão se exaurindo. A redução das áreas remanescentes de mangabeira, a restrição de acesso aos locais de coleta e as dificuldades de comercialização são apontados como os principais desafios para o desenvolvimento do extrativismo na região. As comunidades de Timbó e Boa Água apresentam boa atuação na conservação da mangabeira, porém precisam ser utilizadas estratégias para integrar a conservação dos recursos genéticos e culturais, como por exemplo, programas de capacitação organizacional para beneficiamento da mangaba. Palavras-chave: Populações locais. Conservação. Produtos florestais não madeireiros.
Islamic Children Literature in Digital Media as Religious Literacy Movement
Authors: Rianna Wati  , Dwi Susanto  
Published: February 2020

Islamic children literature, which transformated, in new media was viewed as a part of religious movement. This movement was assumed as social reality in this era. The video children animation, Dodo and Syamil take as case. This paper explores social reality from the religous movement phenomena. Ian Watt’s sociology literary theory is used in this paper, especially the genre and the ideological expression to express social world. Data in this paper includes topic, genre, formula, and idea in the Dodo and Syamil phenomena. The data interpretation is done by relating between topic, formula, and ideological concept to find social reality. The result of this paper is that social reality based on religios islamic movement in modernity context. This movement manifested with several topic, such as faith, worship, and characters. NCR Production is a part from islamic movement which was banned by political and ideological situation.
SPE Strong: Strengthening Our Core: The Influential Yet Delicate Balance of Mentoring
Authors: Noonan Shauna 
Published: February 2020

President's column
“The delicate balance of mentoring someone is not creating them in your own image, but giving them the opportunity to create themselves.”—Steven Spielberg
One of my focus areas as SPE President is strengthening the feedstock of incoming talent into our industry. In my January column, I talked about industrywide initiatives under way to attract and retain this talent. This month, I want to engage with our members on the importance of effectively mentoring these bright, young minds.
While I reflected upon setting my goals for the new year, I began to think about all of the important people in my career who not only helped me set high goals, but also provided support and guidance in achieving those goals. Some people were assigned to be my mentor, while others did it informally by providing advice during opportune moments. Truthfully, it does not matter how they became my mentor. The key point is that they were. Coaching a young professional in a technical position is critical to their success, but developing a person to have the interpersonal skills to navigate this industry is equally important.
For 2020, my goals include being both a mentor and mentee. While I believe I have much to contribute to our younger members, I also have much to learn. I want to encourage more of our members to set goals around mentoring and want to make this the month where we take time to recognize and thank those who have had a positive impact on us as our mentors.
Thank you, Don Patterson (retired Chevron), for mentoring me through my years of supervising workover rigs in northern Alberta. You were tasked with mentoring all the young engineers who were supervising rigs in northern Alberta, and phoning in our morning reports to you was often the most anxious part of our day. After looking back, your critiques were the necessary constructive feedback we needed. Fred Brownlee (retired Chevron) and John Patterson (retired ConocoPhillips) were two of my most influential mentors, both in helping me grow my technical skills and for connecting me with industry peers. Mike Mooney (retired ConocoPhillips) taught me how to be a great manager, how to conduct employee performance assessments properly, and how to set my focus on value-adding goals. Karen Draper (retired S&N Pump) and Carol Magney Grande (Magney Grande) provided mentorship on how to succeed in this industry as a working mother, and also gave me my first opportunity to serve on an SPE committee. Finally, I must thank Dr. Jeff Spath (SPE 2014 President). He became my mentor when I first served on the SPEI Board as a Technical Director and has continued to provide critical guidance and constructive feedback since. Without his help, I would not be writing this column as your 2020 SPE President.
Insecticide Resistance in Anopheles stephensi in Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Yared Solomon , Gebressielasie Araya , Damodaran Lambodhar , Bonnell Victoria , Lopez Karen , Janies Daniel , Carter Tamar 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The movement of malaria vectors into new areas is a growing concern in the efforts to control malaria. The recent report of Anopheles stephensi in eastern Ethiopia has raised the necessity to understand the insecticide resistance status of the vector in the region to better inform vector-based interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate insecticide resistance in An. stephensi in eastern Ethiopia using two approaches: 1) World Health Organization (WHO) bioassay tests in An. stephensi and 2) genetic analysis of insecticide resistance genes in An. stephensi in eastern Ethiopia. Methods: Mosquito larvae and pupae were collected from Kebridehar. Insecticide susceptibility of An. stephensi was tested with malathion 5%, bendiocarb 0.1%, propoxur 0.1%, deltamethrin 0.05%, permethrin 0.75%, Pirimiphos-methyl 0.25% and DDT 4%, according to WHO standard protocols. Results: All An. stephensi samples were resistant to carbamates, with mortality rates 23% and 21% for bendiocarb and propoxur, respectively. Adult An. stephensi was also resistant to pyrethroid insecticides with mortality rates 67% for deltamethrin and 53% for permethrin. Resistance to DDT and malathion was detected in An. stephensi with mortality rates of 32% as well as An. stephensi was resistance to pirimiphos-methyl with mortality rates 14%. Analysis of the voltage gate sodium channel gene (vgsc) revealed the absence of kdr L1014 mutations. Conclusion: Overall, these findings support that An. stephensi is resistant to several classes of insecticides, most notably pyrethroids. However, the absence of the kdr L1014 gene may suggest non-target site resistance mechanisms. Continuous insecticide resistance monitoring should be carried out in the region to confirm the documented resistance and exploring mechanisms conferring resistance in An. stephensi in Ethiopia.
Surgical Consideration for Patients with Repeatedly Recurrent Spinal Chordoma: A Systematic Analysis of Prognostic Factors and Quality of Life
Authors: Xu Kehan , Zhang Yue , Li Xiaolin , Li Lin , Li Bo , Xu Yuduo , Jiang Dongjie , Huang Quan , Xiao Jianru 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: A retrospective study of patients with repeatedly recurrent spinal chordoma (RRSC) was performed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the independent prognostic factors for RRSC improving life expectancy and discuss the most appropriate treatment modality. Methods: Medical data and follow-up record of patients who were diagnosed as RRSC and were surgically treated in Changzheng hospital between July 2010 and September 2017 were reviewed systematically. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify possible independent prognostic factors for patients with RRSC. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Factors with P < 0.1 were subjected to multivariate analysis by Cox regression analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Sixty-five consecutive patients with RRSC were included in this study. Local recurrence was detected in thirty-three patients, while death was occurred in twenty-one patients. The mean follow-up period was 34.3 months. The statistical results revealed that number of recurrence (NOR), surgical method, and surgical margin were independent prognostic factors for RFS and preoperative Frankel score (PFS) was favorable prognostic factor for OS. Moreover, subtype analysis suggested that treatment method could make significant difference for prognosis of patients with RRSC. Conclusion: Less NOR, total resection, and wide surgical margin could significantly reduce the risk of local recurrence of RRSC. PFS of A-C was adverse prognostic factor for OS. Total en bloc resection or total piecemeal resection with postoperative radiotherapy is recommended as ideal treatment method for prolonging life expectancy.
Influence of laterality on endometriosis severity in patients with unilateral endometrioma: a retrospective study
Authors: Isono Wataru , Honda Michiko , Tsuchiya Akira , Saito Ako , Tsuchiya Hiroko , Matsuyama Reiko , Fujimoto Akihisa , Nishii Osamu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the influence of the location of endometrioma (right vs. left ovary) on endometriosis severity, we compared the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) scores determined by laparoscopic surgery. Methods: The medical records of 151 patients, including 58 right-sided and 93 left-sided cases, who underwent initial laparoscopic surgery for unilateral ovarian endometrioma were reviewed retrospectively. We extracted the ASRM scores determined during surgery and some representative factors relating to endometirosis that are separate from tumour characteristics, such as the coexistence of uterine fibroid, adenomyoma, or other ovarian tumours, a history of assisted reproductive technology (ART), and tumour marker values. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the impact of each factor. We classified the ASRM scores into 4 categories to compare the tendency towards endometrial lesion spread with a focus on the “sidedness” of the endometrioma. Opposite endometrial lesion (OEL), Douglas pouch endometrial lesion (DEL), same endometrial lesion (SEL) and peritoneal endometrial lesion (PEL) were defined. Results: The ASRM scores of patients with right-sided endometrioma were significantly higher than those of patients with left-sided endometrioma (41.5 ± 22.0 points vs. 33.5 ± 16.3 points, p<0.05). The higher ASRM scores of the patients with right-sided endometrioma may be caused by the frequent detection of endometrial lesions in the left-sided tube, left-sided ovary and Douglas pouch. Multivariate analysis revealed that the coexistence of uterine fibroid or adenomyoma also had significant positive impacts on increasing the ASRM score. Conclusions: Higher ASRM scores are possible in patients with right-sided endometrioma. The laterality of endometriosis severity should be considered.
The significance of the FTO gene on weight gain and body composition in young Swedish women with severe anorexia nervosa: a three-year follow-up study
Authors: Author) Anna Svedlund(New Corresponding , Tubic Bojan , Author) Anders Elfvin(Former Corresponding , Magnusson Per , Swolin-Eide Diana 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the potential influence of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), SNP rs9939609, on body mass index (BMI) and body composition in women with severe anorexia nervosa during intensive nutrition therapy and after three years.

Methods: Twenty-five female anorexia nervosa patients (age 20.1±2.3 years, BMI 15.5±1.0 kg/m2) were treated for 12 weeks with a high-energy diet. FTO was genotyped and body composition parameters were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography at baseline, after 12 weeks and at three-year follow-up.

Results: Patients gained, on average, 9.9 kg and BMI increased to 19.0±0.9 kg/m2 during intensive nutrition therapy. Fat mass increased, p<0.001, but total lean mass was stable. After three years, BMI remained stable, 19.4±3.3 kg/m2, as well as fat mass parameters and total lean mass. Muscle density decreased while the quotient fat/muscle area increased during nutrition therapy, but both then stabilized and remained stable after three years. There were no associations between FTO genotype and BMI or body composition parameters during the nutrition therapy or after three years. A tendency towards more stable BMI was observed in patients with the TT genotype and wider range in BMI for patients with the risk allele A after three years.

Conclusions: Irrespective of the FTO genotype, there was no difference in weight response during nutrition therapy, or at three-year follow-up. Hence, there is limited support for individualized therapy for anorexia nervosa based on FTO genotype.

Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN76310580. Date of registration: 15/01/2020. Retrospectively registered.
Clinical significance and prognostic value of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in gastric cancer
Authors: Fu Yan-jun , Li Ke-zhi , Liang Xin-qiang , Liang Zhi-qing , jihong Bai 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) is a novel prognostic biomarker in several malignancies. This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical significance and prognostic value of CAR in patients with gastric cancer. Methods The data of 205 gastric cancer patients who underwent surgery was retrospectively reviewed. The association with the clinical features and prognostic value of CAR in gastric cancer was analyzed. The data of this study was combined with previous studies to further determine the prognostic value of CAR in patients with gastric cancer. Results Cox analysis revealed that preoperative CAR was an independent prognosis indicator in patients with gastric cancer. High expression of CAR indicated a shorter survival time than those with lower expression. CAR has a higher prognostic value in the 1-, 3-, 5-years of overall survival in patients with gastric cancer. However, CAR has no significant difference regarding the gastric cancer patients’ age, gender and TNM stage. The discriminated value of CAR in TNM stage of gastric cancer was moderate. A meta-analysis by combining previous data and our data showed that preoperative CAR was significantly associated with the overall survival of patients with gastric cancer. Conclusions This study demonstrated that preoperative CAR was an independent prognostic indicator in the patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery.
3-(4-Methoxyl)-1-(2-(4-coumarin)prop)-2-en-1-one inhibits the differentiation of osteoclasts
Authors: Fu Yingxiao , Wang Yihui , Niu Dequn , Tang Baoding , Mao Yingji , Huai Ziyou , Gong Zheng , Wang Xun , Meng Qi , Fan Jingxian , Yang Tiantian , Wei Xiaodie , Sun Jiaheng , Li Yanhan , Zhao Yanan , Xue Wei , Huang Yinjiu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Osteoclasts are large terminal-differentiated cells with multiple nuclei and are the only cells with bone resorption activity in the body. The abnormal migration and differentiation of osteoclasts may accelerate bone absorption, a crucial process in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. Regulating the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts is a breakthrough point for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Coumarin derivative of 3-(4-methoxyl)-1-(2-(4-coumarin) prop)-2-en-1-one (MCPEO) was selected in this study. We aimed to investigate the effects of (MCPEO) on osteoclast differentiation. Methods: Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) were collected from 6-week-old ICR mice and inoculated in vitro. BM-MNC and RAW264.7 cells were induced by the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand (RANKL) to differentiate them into osteoclasts. The cells were then added with 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μM MCPEO. The cell viability of differentiated osteoclasts was analyzed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The differentiated osteoclasts were detected by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Miuse osteoclast activation was investigated by absorptive activity analysis. Filamentous actin (F-actin) staining was employed to identify the formation of F-actin rings in the differentiated mouse osteoclasts. The change level of critical transcription factors related to osteoclast differentiation was determined by Western blot analysis. Results: Data show that MCPEO affected the cell viability of differentiated osteoclasts, inhibited the formation of TRAP-positive polynuclear cells, and decreased the absorption activity and the formation of F-actin rings in the differentiated osteoclasts. Furthermore, MCPEO influenced the change level of crucial transcription factors related to osteoclast differentiation. Conclusions: MCPEO inhibited the differentiation of RANKL-induced BM-MNC and RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts.