bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Priorities for Patient‐Centered Research in Valvular Heart Disease: A Report From the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group
Authors: Lindman Brian R. , Arnold Suzanne V. , Bagur Rodrigo , Clarke Lindsay , Coylewright Megan , Evans Frank , Hung Judy , Lauck Sandra B. , Peschin Susan , Sachdev Vandana , Tate Lisa M. , Wasfy Jason H. , Otto Catherine M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Over the past decade, the field of valvular heart disease (
VHD
) has rapidly transformed, largely as a result of the development and improvement of less invasive transcatheter approaches to valve repair or replacement. This transformation has been supported by numerous well‐designed randomized trials, but they have centered almost entirely on devices and procedures. Outside this scope of focus, however, myriad aspects of therapy and management for patients with
VHD
have either no guidelines or recommendations based only on expert opinion and observational studies. Further, research in
VHD
has often failed to engage patients to inform study design and identify research questions of greatest importance and relevance from a patient perspective. Accordingly, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute convened a Working Group on Patient‐Centered Research in Valvular Heart Disease, composed of clinician and research experts and patient advocacy experts to identify gaps and barriers to research in
VHD
and identify research priorities. While recognizing that important research remains to be done to test the safety and efficacy of devices and procedures to treat
VHD
, we intentionally focused less attention on these areas of research as they are more commonly pursued and supported by industry. Herein, we present the patient‐centered research gaps, barriers, and priorities in
VHD
and organized our report according to the “patient journey,” including access to care, screening and diagnosis, preprocedure therapy and management, decision making when a procedure is contemplated (clinician and patient perspectives), and postprocedure therapy and management. It is hoped that this report will foster collaboration among diverse stakeholders and highlight for funding bodies the pressing patient‐centered research gaps, opportunities, and priorities in
VHD
in order to produce impactful patient‐centered research that will inform and improve patient‐centered policy and care.
A phase 1/2 study of the oral FLT3 inhibitor pexidartinib in relapsed/refractory FLT3-ITD–mutant acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Smith Catherine C. , Levis Mark J. , Frankfurt Olga , Pagel John M. , Roboz Gail J. , Stone Richard M. , Wang Eunice S. , Severson Paul L. , West Brian L. , Le Mai H. , Kayser Sabine , Lam Bao , Hsu Henry H. , Zhang Chao , Bollag Gideon , Perl Alexander E. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have activity in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations, but efficacy is limited by resistance-conferring kinase domain mutations. This phase 1/2 study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of the oral FLT3 inhibitor PLX3397 (pexidartinib), which has activity against the FLT3 TKI–resistant F691L gatekeeper mutation in relapsed/refractory FLT3-ITD–mutant AML. Ninety patients were treated: 34 in dose escalation (part 1) and 56 in dose expansion (part 2). Doses of 800 to 5000 mg per day in divided doses were tested. No maximally tolerated dose was reached. Plasma inhibitory assay demonstrated that patients dosed with ≥3000 mg had sufficient levels of active drug in their trough plasma samples to achieve 95% inhibition of FLT3 phosphorylation in an FLT3-ITD AML cell line. Based on a plateau in drug exposure, the 3000-mg dose was chosen as the recommended phase 2 dose. The most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events were diarrhea (50%), fatigue (47%), and nausea (46%). Based on modified response criteria, the overall response rate to pexidartinib among all patients was 21%. Twenty-three percent of patients treated at ≥2000 mg responded. The overall composite complete response rate for the study was 11%. Six patients were successfully bridged to transplantation. Median overall survival (OS) of patients treated in dose expansion was 112 days (90% confidence interval [CI], 77-150 days), and median OS of responders with complete remission with or without recovery of blood counts was 265 days (90% CI, 170-422 days). This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01349049.
First report of tethered cord syndrome in a patient with Sotos syndrome
Authors: Kuzucu Pelin , Türkmen Tolga , Börcek Alp Özgün 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Sotos syndrome is caused by a gene deletion with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. The Sotos syndrome was first described by Juan Sotos. Cole and Hughes identified the clinical characteristics of this syndrome. This syndrome is characterized by macrocephaly, frontal bossing, ocular hypertelorism, overgrowth, subdural hygroma, ventricular dilatation, agenesis of the corpus callosum. This syndrome is associated with mutations in NSD 1 (nuclear receptor SET domain-containing protein 1) gene, protein insufficiency, and a 5q35 microdeletion. Sotos syndrome is reported to occur in approximately 1/10,000–15,000 births.

Case presentation
We present a patient with Sotos syndrome who is harboring a sacral lipoma and tethered cord syndrome and she had growth retardation, frontal bossing and hypertelorism. After a standard approach for tethered cord syndrome, the patient was discharged 3 days after without any additional neurodeficits.

Conclusion
In the literature, sacral lipoma and tethered cord syndrome with Sotos syndrome have not been published yet.
The associations of sugar-sweetened, artificially sweetened and naturally sweet juices with all-cause mortality in 198,285 UK Biobank participants: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Anderson Jana J. , Gray Stuart R. , Welsh Paul , Mackay Daniel F. , Celis-Morales Carlos A. , Lyall Donald M. , Forbes John , Sattar Naveed , Gill Jason M. R. , Pell Jill P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Recent efforts to address the obesity epidemic have focused on sugar consumption, especially sugar-sweetened beverages. However, sugar takes many forms, is only one contributor to overall energy consumption and is correlated with other health-related lifestyle factors. The objective was to investigate the associations with all-cause mortality of sugar- and artificially sweetened beverages and naturally sweet juices.

Methods
Setting: UK Biobank, UK. Participants joined the UK Biobank study from 2006 to 2010 and were followed up until 2016; 198,285 men and women aged 40–69 years were eligible for this study (40% of the UK Biobank), of whom 3166 (1.6%) died over a mean of 7 years follow-up. Design: prospective population-based cohort study. Exposure variables: dietary consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, naturally sweet juices (100% fruit/vegetable juices) and total sugar intake, self-reported via 24-h dietary assessment tool completed between 2009 and 2012. Main outcome: all-cause mortality. Cox regression analyses were used to study the association between the daily intake of the above beverages and all-cause mortality. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic, economic, lifestyle and dietary confounders.

Results
Total energy intake, total sugar intake and percentage of energy derived from sugar were comparable among participants who consumed > 2/day sugar-sweetened beverages and > 2/day fruit/vegetable juices (10,221 kJ/day versus 10,381 kJ/day; 183 g versus 190 g; 30.6% versus 31.0%). All-cause mortality was associated with total sugar intake (highest quintile adj. HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.06–1.55) and intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (> 2/day adj. HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.42–2.37) and remained so in sensitivity analyses. An association between artificially sweetened beverage intake and mortality did not persist after excluding deaths in the first 2 years of follow-up (landmark analysis) nor after excluding participants with recent weight loss. Furthermore, the inverse association between fruit/vegetable juice intake and mortality did not persist after additional adjustment for a diet quality score.

Conclusions
Higher mortality is associated with sugar-sweetened beverages specifically. The lack of an adverse association with fruit/vegetable juices suggests that source of sugar may be important and the association with artificially sweetened beverage may reflect reverse causation.
Eicosapentaenoic acid prevents the progression of intracranial aneurysms in rats
Authors: Abekura Yu , Ono Isao , Kawashima Akitsugu , Takizawa Katsumi , Koseki Hirokazu , Miyata Haruka , Shimizu Kampei , Oka Mieko , Kushamae Mika , Miyamoto Susumu , Kataoka Hiroharu , Ishii Akira , Aoki Tomohiro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundAs subarachnoid hemorrhage due to rupture of an intracranial aneurysm (IA) has quite a poor outcome despite of an intensive medical care, development of a novel treatment targeting unruptured IAs based on the correct understanding of pathogenesis is mandatory for social health.MethodsUsing previously obtained gene expression profile data from surgically resected unruptured human IA lesions, we selected G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) as a gene whose expression is significantly higher in lesions than that in control arterial walls. To corroborate a contribution of GPR120 signaling to the pathophysiology, we used an animal model of IAs and examine the effect of a GPR120 agonist on the progression of the disease. IA lesion was induced in rats through an increase of hemodynamic stress achieved by a one-sided carotid ligation and induced hypervolemia. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) was used as an agonist for GPR120 in this study and its effect on the size of IAs, the thinning of media, and infiltration of macrophages in lesions were examined.ResultEPA administered significantly suppressed the size of IAs and the degenerative changes in the media in rats. EPA treatment also inhibited infiltration of macrophages, a hallmark of inflammatory responses in lesions. In in vitro experiments using RAW264.7 cells, pre-treatment of EPA partially suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of nuclear factor-kappa B and also the transcriptional induction of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), a major chemoattractant for macrophages to accumulate in lesions. As a selective agonist of GPR120, TUG-891, could reproduce the effect of EPA in RAW264.7 cells, EPA presumably acted on this receptor to suppress inflammatory responses. Consistently, EPA remarkably suppressed MCP-1 expression in lesions, suggesting the in vivo relevance of in vitro studies.ConclusionsThese results combined together suggest the potential of the medical therapy targeting GPR120 or using EPA to prevent the progression of IAs.
Improving the treatment of pre-operative anemia in hepato-pancreato-biliary patients: a quality improvement initiative
Authors: Zwiep Terry M. , Gilbert Richard W. D. , Moloo Husein , Touchie Donna , Martel Guillaume , Wallace Tom , Bertens Kimberly A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Pre-operative anemia is a common, but treatable, condition encountered by surgical patients. It has been associated with increased perioperative complications, length of stay, and blood transfusions. The aim of this project was to increase the treatment rate of pre-operative anemia to 75% of patients consented for major hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery.

Methods
This was an interrupted time series study and a spread initiative from a similar project in a colorectal surgery population. Interventions included an anemia screening and treatment algorithm, standardized blood work, referral to a patient blood management program, and standardized oral iron prescriptions. The primary outcome measure was the change in pre-operative anemia treatment rate and the secondary outcome measure was the post treatment increase in hemoglobin.

Results
A total of 208 patients were included (n = 124 pre-intervention and n = 84 post-intervention). Anemia was present in 39.9% of patients. The treatment rate of pre-operative anemia increased to 44.1% from 28.6%. The mean hemoglobin increased from 110 g/L to 119 g/L in patients who were treated (p = 0.03). There was no significant increase or decrease in blood transfusions or mean number of red cell units transfused per patient. Screening rates for pre-operative anemia increased from 41.1 to 64.3% and appropriate referrals to the patient blood management program increased from 14.3 to 67.6%.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates a small scale spread initiative focused on the treatment of pre-operative anemia. Although the goal to treat 75% of anemic patients was not reached, an effective referral pathway to an existing patient blood management program was developed, and a significant increase in the mean hemoglobin in anemic patients who have been treated pre-operatively was demonstrated.
The diagnostic value of MR spectroscopy versus DWI-MRI in therapeutic planning of suspicious multi-centric cerebral lesions
Authors: Ahmed Hoda Abdel Kareem , Mokhtar Hoda 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
A broad spectrum of non-neoplastic lesions can radiologically mimic cerebral neoplasms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) are the most extensively used for enabling lesional characterization of different brain disorders. We aimed to assess the diagnostic value of MRS versus DWI in the diagnosis and therapeutic planning of multicentric cerebral focal lesions and in our retrospective study, we enrolled 64 patients with 100 brain lesions who underwent pre- and post-contrast MRI, MRS, and DWI. Diagnoses supplied by the histopathology and follow up clinical results as a gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy were calculated.

Results
Conventional MRI poorly differentiates multiple cerebral lesions with 89.33% sensitivity, 44.4% specificity, and 78% accuracy. MRS results revealed statistical significance for differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions as regards Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA, and NAA/Cr ratios (M ± SD) with P < 0.001 (significant), and there is statistical significance for neoplastic lesion differentiation when Cho/NAA and Ch/Cr ratios measured in the pre-lesional areas outside the tumor margin. DWI showed mixed diffusion changes in most of the studied lesions and the measured ADC values ranges showed overlap in neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions, P value = 0.236* (insignificant).

Conclusion
MRS was found to be a more accurate diagnostic tool than DWI with ADC measurements in the differentiation and therapeutic planning of multicentric cerebral focal lesions.
Three Indole Derived Azo-Azomethine Dyes as Effective Chemosensors for F− Ion and Trace Water Detection
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Zhu Fengqiao , Li Yexin , Yan Mei , Cui Yu , Sun Guoxin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Three new dyes 1–3 derived from indol-carbohydrazide and azo-azomethine for the optical detection of F− ion have been developed. Dye 1 was found to be an effective colorimetric sensor for F− ion response with over 250 nm red-shift. Moreover, the resultant dye⋯HF2− complex (dye-F) could be successfully used as a secondary sensor for analyzing trace water in aprotic organic solvents especially in acetonitrile with a low limit of detection. In addition to detection of low-level water content in solution, test paper incorporated with 1-F complex or 2-F complex was well developed for naked-eye detection of water content in four organic solvents as mentioned above. Importantly, the test paper prepared by introducing 1-F complex or 2-F complex could be developed to prepare an ink-free rewritable paper by using water as the sole trigger. Furthermore, the same test paper could still work for many cycles without obvious loss in color quality.
Speckle-free, near-infrared portable confocal microscope
Authors: Gong Cheng , Stratton Delaney B. , Curiel-Lewandrowski Clara N. , Kang Dongkyun 
Published: April 2020

We have developed a portable confocal microscope (PCM) that uses an inexpensive near-infrared LED as the light source. Use of the spatially incoherent light source significantly reduced the speckle contrast. The PCM device was manufactured at the material cost of approximately

$
5000

and weighed only 1 kg. Lateral and axial resolutions were measured as 1.6 and 6.0 µm, respectively. Preliminary in vivo skin imaging experiment results showed that the PCM device could visualize characteristic cellular features of human skin extending from the stratum corneum to the superficial dermis. Dynamic imaging of blood flow in vivo was also demonstrated. The capability to visualize cellular features up to the superficial dermis is expected to facilitate evaluation and clinical adoption of this low-cost diagnostic imaging tool.
Paradigm Shift in Technological Development of Socio-Economic System in the Context of Digital Transformation
Authors: POGODINA Tatiana Vitalievna , UDALTSOVA Natalya Leonidovna , FILUSHINA Alla Vadimovna 
Published: April 2020

The world economy is entering the post-industrial technological stage, the basis of which is the fundamentally new technologies (information and communications, bio-, and nanotechnology). Their importance has significantly increased and is reflected in the transformation of the resource base of the modern economic system. These changes are of a civilizational nature, affecting the national economy of any country, and are embodied in a specific technological policy. The research hypothesis is to identify the leading trends in the post-industrial technological structure in the world economy, consisting in the transformation of technology into a basic resource and in knowledge-intensive nature of production that allows extracting additional benefits from international cooperation, creating unique values and providing an increase in economic value added. The purpose of the present study is to identify key trends and assess the potential of technological development of the world and national economy. In this work, statistical, comparative, dynamic, coefficient-based, and structural research methods are used as the main approaches.
The article reveals the main trends, problems, and prospects of technological development of the leading economically developed countries and Russia for 2005-2016. The tendencies of the post-industrial mode of production and the most innovative-driven companies are highlighted in each sector of the economy.
The authors define the main stages of changing technological structures in the world economy (pre-industrial, industrial and post-industrial), as well as reveal the technologization processes and their characteristic features proving the change of the role of technologies and their transformation into the main factor of socio-economic system development.
The effectiveness of technological development is estimated on the basis of a comparative analysis of Russia with the leading countries of the world using indicators of patent applications to the patent office of the country, the proportion of countries in the total number of publications in scientific journals indexed in Web of Science, as well as the proportion of domestic research and development expenditure as a percentage of GDP presented in dynamic mode for 2005-2016.
The authors define key characteristics of digital transformation, including stages, segments, dominant technologies, values, and approaches, as well as calculate the level of the economic added value of the country as a target indicator of technologization of the social and economic system. The authors have revealed a direct relationship between the size and nature of the investment and technological development, as well as made conclusion about the need to invest in key sectors of technological development, which is actively progressing in Europe, India, the Republic of Korea, Japan, China, and the United States.
Psychological well-being and personality in relation to weight loss following behavioral modification intervention in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Oberg Emma , Lundell Christina , Blomberg Liselott , Gidlöf Sebastian B , Egnell Petra Tollet , Hirschberg Angelica Lindén 
Published: April 2020

Objective
Little is known about how lifestyle affects psychological well-being in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We investigated the effects of behavioral modification on psychological well-being and the impact of well-being and personality traits on successful weight loss.

Design
A 4-month randomized controlled trial with a 12-month follow-up at a University Hospital.

Methods
Sixty-eight women with PCOS, aged 18 to 40 years with a BMI ≥27 kg/m2, were randomized (1:1) into a behavioral modification program (intervention) or minimal intervention (control). The outcome measures were the psychological well being index and the Swedish universities scales of personality.

Results
At baseline, 60% had a global psychological well being index corresponding to severe distress and 40% to moderate distress. There was no significant change in mean global well-being score at 4 months within or between groups. However, after 4 months, the intervention group expressed less anxiety (P = .035), higher general health (P = .012) and lower depressed mood (P = .033). Anxiety and general health tended to differ between groups (P = .06, respectively) favoring intervention. In the whole population, women achieving ≥5% weight loss at 12 months (n = 18) were less anxious at baseline compared to those who had not (P = .004). Personality trait-analysis showed that the weight-loss group had higher social desirability (P = .033) and lower embitterment (P = .023).

Conclusions
Psychological well-being is severely impacted in overweight women with PCOS. Behavioral modification can positively impact dimensions of well-being, although not fully significant, compared to control treatment. Personality factors could contribute to the understanding of successful weight loss.
Factores sociales, económicos y ambientales de las organizaciones de economía solidaria conformadas en situaciones de crisis en Colombia
Authors: Silva Valencia Ana Milena 
Published: April 2020

En la presente investigación, cuyo eje es el emprendimiento solidario, se analizan los factores que explican el éxito social, económico y ambiental dentro de la creación de organizaciones sin ánimo de lucro en un contexto de crisis de un país latinoamericano. En este sentido, el estudio tendrá como referencia el concepto de emprendimiento y de emprendedor a la hora de conformar organizaciones de tipo social y dentro del contexto de los diálogos de paz en Colombia, los cuales se iniciaron en el año 2012 entre el Gobierno Nacional de Colombia y las Farc (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia).
En el estudio se identificaron los emprendimientos solidarios que se constituyeron de manera formal a partir del año 2012, en una muestra de cooperativas de una región en Colombia. La idea con estos emprendimientos solidarios o colectivos es explicar cómo las capacidades y habilidades de los emprendedores (che) y los factores internos de la empresa (fie) tienen una influencia o están relacionados con los factores económicos, sociales y ambientales. de esta manera, se resalta que, en épocas de crisis, más emprendimientos de tipo colectivo se generan, como también que las capacidades y habilidades de los emprendedores no tienen una relación significativa en el performance o factor económico cuando existen coyunturas de crisis. La contrastación empírica se realizó en una muestra de cooperativas en Colombia, alimentada con entrevistas tipo encuesta estructurada con preguntas cerradas a los líderes o gerentes de las organizaciones. Para su análisis, se eligió una metodología de investigación con enfoque cuantitativo, en la cual se utilizó el Análisis de Regresión Múltiple.