bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct petrographic responses to basin reorganization across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary in the southwestern Barents Sea
Authors: Line Lina H. , Müller Reidar , Klausen Tore G. , Jahren Jens , Hellevang Helge 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA general shift towards higher mineralogical and textural maturity changes the reservoir character across the Triassic–Jurassic transition in the southwestern Barents Sea basin (SWBSB), largely affecting the hydrocarbon prospectivity in the region. Petrographic and geochronological provenance data presented in this paper suggest that the shift from mineralogically immature to mature sandstones initiated during the deposition of the Norian–Rhaetian Fruholmen Formation, and varies with basin location. Strong contrasts between the Fruholmen Formation and underlying formations are associated with proximity to the rejuvenated Caledonian and Fennoscandian hinterlands and are mainly restricted to the southern basin margins. In the basin interior, subtle petrographic variations between the Fruholmen Formation and older Triassic sandstones reflect a distal position relative to the southern hinterland. The long‐lived misconception of a regional compositional contrast in the Arctic at the turn of the Norian can be attributed to higher sampling frequency associated with hydrocarbon exploration activity along the southern basin margins, and masking by increased annual precipitation and subsequent reworking during the Jurassic. Geothermal signatures and rearrangement of ferric clay material across the Carnian–Norian transition support a recycled origin for the Fruholmen Formation in the basin interior. As the closest tectonically active region at the time, the Novaya Zemlya fold‐and‐thrust belt represents the best provenance candidate for polycyclic components in Norian–Rhaetian strata. In addition to recycling in the hinterland during the Late Triassic, local erosion of exposed intrabasinal highs and platforms at the Triassic–Jurassic transition represents a second process where thermodynamically unstable mineral components originally sourced from the Uralides may be removed. Textural and mineralogical modification may also have occurred in marginal‐marine depositional environments during periods with elevated sea level. Mature sediment supply from the rejuvenated hinterland in the south, multiple cycles of reworking and gradual accumulation of polycyclic grains have likely led to the extreme compositional maturity registered in the Tubåen, Nordmela and Stø formations in the SWBSB. It is likely that increased annual precipitation since the latest Carnian had an amplifying effect on sandstone maturation across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary, but we consider the effect to be inferior compared to provenance shifts and reworking. Findings from this study are important for understanding compositional and textural maturity enhancement processes in siliciclastic sedimentary basins.
Tree communities and soil properties influence fungal community assembly in neotropical forests
Authors: Schimann Heidy , Vleminckx Jason , Baraloto Christopher , Engel Julien , Jaouen Gaelle , Louisanna Eliane , Manzi Sophie , Sagne Audrey , Roy Mélanie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe influence exerted by tree communities, topography, and soil chemistry on the assembly of macrofungal communities remains poorly understood, especially in highly diverse tropical forests. Here, we used a large dataset that combines inventories of macrofungal Basidiomycetes fruiting bodies, tree species composition, and measurements for 16 soil physicochemical parameters, collected in 34 plots located in four sites of lowland rain forests in French Guiana. Plots were established on three different topographical conditions: hilltop, slope, and seasonally flooded soils. We found hyperdiverse Basidiomycetes communities, mainly comprising members of Agaricales and Polyporales. Phosphorus, clay contents, and base saturation in soils strongly varied across plots and shaped the richness and composition of tree communities. The latter composition explained 23% of the variation in the composition of macrofungal communities, probably through high heterogeneity of the litter chemistry and selective effects of biotic interactions. The high local heterogeneity of habitats influenced the distribution of both macrofungi and trees, as a result of diversed local soil hydromorphic conditions associated with contrasting soil chemistry. This first regional study across habitats of French Guiana forests revealed new niches for macrofungi, such as ectomycorrhizal ones, and illustrates how macrofungi inventories are still paramount to can be to understand the processes at work in the tropics.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
GINS complex subunit 4, a prognostic biomarker and reversely mediated by Krüppel‐like factor 4, promotes the growth of colorectal cancer
Authors: Rong Zeyin , Luo Zai , Zhang Jianming , Li Tengfei , Zhu Zhonglin , Yu Zhilong , Fu Zhongmao , Qiu Zhengjun , Huang Chen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGINS complex subunit 4 (GINS4) is essential for DNA replication initiation and elongation in the G1/S phase cell cycle in eukaryotes, however, its functional roles and molecular mechanisms remain unclear in many aspects. Our study was designed to investigate the clinical significance, biological function, and molecular mechanism of GINS4 in colorectal cancer (CRC). First, we confirmed that GINS4 expression was significantly overexpressed in CRC cells and tissues. The immunohistochemical results in tissue microarray from 106 CRC patients showed that a high level of GINS4 expression was positively correlated with advanced T stage, higher tumor TNM stage, and poor differentiation. The results from univariate and multivariate survival analysis models based on 106 CRC patients revealed that GINS4 might serve as an independent prognostic indicator for overall survival and disease‐free survival of CRC patients. Moreover, downregulated GINS4 can inhibit growth and the cell cycle and accelerate cell apoptosis progression in vitro as well as inhibit tumorigenesis in vivo. Besides, our results also indicated that Krüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) can negatively regulate GINS4 expression at the transcriptional level and the KLF/GINS4 pathway might play a vital role in the growth and prognosis of CRC.
Ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration or core needle biopsy for diagnosing follicular thyroid carcinoma?
Authors: Park Ko Woon , Shin Jung Hee , Hahn Soo Yeon , Oh Young Lyun , Kim Sun Wook , Kim Tae Hyuk , Chung Jae Hoon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated the preoperative diagnostic values of ultrasound (US), fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) leading to surgery in patients with FTC.MethodsFrom October 1994 to July 2016, 298 patients with FTC who had preoperative US images and underwent US‐guided FNA or CNB and surgery were included in this study. We evaluated the results of preoperative FNA or CNB based on the Bethesda system and the US findings according to the Korean thyroid imaging reporting and data system (K‐TIRADS).ResultsPredominant US features of FTC showed solid, hypo‐ or iso‐echogenicity, oval smooth margin and halo with no calcification. Based on K‐TIRADS, 140 (47.0%) patients with FTC were categorized as low suspicion, 133 (44.63%) as intermediate suspicion and 25 (8.4%) as high suspicion at US. Considering only FNA cytology (n = 230), 6.9% were revealed as Bethesda class I, 16.1% as class II, 37.0% as class III, 29.1% as class IV and 10.9% as class V. Considering the 68 cases with CNB results, 2.9% were revealed as class I, 4.4% as class II, 20.6% as class III and 72.1% as class IV. Despite multiple FNAs, 16.7% of the 84 patients with FTC still obtained Bethesda class I or class II. CNB results in patients with FTC had a significantly higher rate of Bethesda class IV compared to the FNA results (P < .001). FTCs with distant metastasis exhibited a significantly higher rate of Bethesda classes IV and V compared to those without distant metastasis (P = .004).ConclusionSurgery for FTC is deferred only with preoperative US and FNA. CNB in patients with FTC can lead to surgery better than FNA. Therefore, if the US feature is characteristic and a serially growing large nodule is suspected, the first attempt of CNB may be helpful in selecting a surgical candidate.
Clinical and esthetic outcomes of two different prosthetic workflows for implant‐supported all‐ceramic single crowns—3 year results of a randomized multicenter clinical trail
Authors: Wittneben Julia‐Gabriela , Gavric Jelena , Sailer Irena , Buser Daniel , Wismeijer Daniel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this randomized multicenter clinical trial was to evaluate and compare the performance of anterior all‐ceramic implant crowns based either on prefabricated zirconia abutments veneered with pressed ceramics or on CAD/CAM zirconia abutments veneered with the hand build‐up technique. The null hypothesis was that there is no statistically significant difference between the two study groups.Material and methodsForty implants were inserted in sites 14–24 (World Dental Federation [FDI]) in two centers, the Universities of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland. Twenty patients each were randomized into either Group A and restored with one‐piece single crown made of a prefabricated zirconia abutment with pressed ceramic, or Group B using an individualized CAD/CAM zirconia abutment with the hand‐layered technique. After 3 years, clinical, esthetic, and radiographic parameters were assessed.ResultsGroup A exhibited one dropout patient and one failure resulting in a survival rate of 89% after 3 years and two failures for Group B (90%). Clinical parameters presented healthy peri‐implant soft tissues. Overall, no crestal bone level changes were observed (mean DIB of 0.13 mm [Group A] and 0.24 mm [Group B]). There were no significant differences at baseline, 6 months, and 1 and 3 years for DIB values between the two groups. PES and WES values evaluated at all three time points indicated stability over time for both groups and pleasing esthetic outcomes.ConclusionsBoth implant‐supported prosthetic pathways represent a valuable treatment option for the restoration of implant crowns in the anterior maxilla.
A randomized controlled study comparing guided bone regeneration with connective tissue graft to re‐establish buccal convexity: One‐year aesthetic and patient‐reported outcomes
Authors: De Bruyckere Thomas , Cosyn Jan , Younes Faris , Hellyn Jade , Bekx Jonas , Cleymaet Roberto , Eghbali Aryan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo compare guided bone regeneration (GBR) with connective tissue graft (CTG) in terms of aesthetic and patient‐reported outcomes (PROMs).Materials and methodsPatients with a single tooth gap in the anterior maxilla and horizontal alveolar defect were enrolled in a single‐blind RCT. All sites had a buccopalatal bone dimension of at least 6 mm, received a single implant and were randomly allocated to the control (GBR) or test group (CTG) to re‐establish buccal soft tissue convexity. Primary outcomes were Pink Esthetic Score (PES) and Mucosal Scarring Index (MSI) assessed after 1 year. Secondary outcomes included PROMs registered during the early stages of healing and after 1 year.ResultsTwenty‐one patients were included per group (control: 11 females, mean age 51; test: nine females, mean age 48). Although there was no significant difference in the PES between the groups (control: 10.11; test: 10.48; p = .577), the MSI was significantly lower in the test (1.10) than in the control group (2.53) (p = .017). Based on descriptive statistics, the latter demonstrated wider scars, more colour mismatch and slightly more suture marks. However, these were not considered disturbing by the patients given similar VAS on soft tissue aesthetics (control: 84; test: 87). Oedema and haematoma were rated twice as high in the control group on at least two postoperative time points, and patients took more painkillers (7.10 vs. 4.86). OHIP‐14 decreased in both groups between baseline and 1‐year follow‐up, indicative of less discomfort in daily life. Differences in MSI and PROMs between the groups may be explained by the need of a vertical releasing incision in order to achieve sufficient access for GBR, periosteal incisions and the use of biomaterials that may induce inflammation.ConclusionGBR and CTG resulted in favourable aesthetic outcomes as assessed by professionals and patients. However, given additional vertical and periosteal incisions, GBR resulted in more scarring, postoperative discomfort and a higher need for painkillers.
Comparable survival outcome between transplantation from haploidentical donor and matched related donor or unrelated donor for severe aplastic anemia patients aged 40 years and older: A retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Zhang Yuan‐Yuan , Mo Wen‐Jian , Zuo Yang‐Yang , Zhou Ming , Zhang Xiao‐Hui , Wang Yu , Li Yu‐Miao , Zhang Yu‐Ping , Chen Yu‐Hong , Chen Xiao‐Wei , Mo Xiao‐Dong , Wang Cai‐Xia , Lin Fan , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Wang Shun‐Qing , Xu Lan‐Ping 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis retrospective multicenter cohort study aimed to compare the outcome of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HID‐HSCT) with matched sibling donor (MSD) and unrelated donor (URD) transplantation in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) patients 40 years of age and older. With a median follow‐up time of 17.6 months, 85 consecutive patients were enrolled in the study, and the median patient age was 45 years (40, 58). The cumulative engraftment rates of neutrophil and platelet were 98.8 ± 0.0% and 92.9 ± 0.1%. The cumulative incidences of Grade 2‐4 acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGvHD) and chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGvHD) at 3 years were 14.1 ± 0.1% and 17.3 ± 0.2%. The 3‐year estimated overall survival (OS) and failure‐free survival (FFS) were 91.2 ± 3.2% and 89.7 ± 3.5%. In multivariate analysis, the only factor associated with inferior survival was an ECOG score ≥2. HID‐HSCT was associated with a higher incidence of GvHD, but the difference of 3‐year estimated OS between HID group and the other two cohorts was not significant (86.7 ± 6.4% for HID vs 92.1% ± 4.4% for MSD and 100% for URD, P = .481). HID‐HSCT might be a feasible alternative option for selected SAA patients aged 40 years and older without a matched donor.
Wound senescence: A functional link between diabetes and ageing?
Authors: Wilkinson Holly N. , Hardman Matthew J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractArguably, the two most important causes of pathological healing in the skin are diabetes and ageing. While these factors have historically been considered independent modifiers of the healing process, recent studies suggest that they may be mechanistically linked. The primary contributor to diabetic pathology is hyperglycaemia, which accelerates the production of advanced glycation end products, a characteristic of ageing tissue. Indeed, advanced age also leads to mild hyperglycaemia. Here, we discuss emerging literature that reveals a hitherto unappreciated link between cellular senescence, diabetes and wound repair. Senescent cells cause widespread destruction of normal tissue architecture in ageing and have been shown to be increased in chronic wounds. However, the role of senescence remains controversial, with several studies reporting beneficial effects for transiently induced senescence in wound healing. We recently highlighted a direct role for senescence in diabetic healing pathology, mediated by the senescence receptor, CXCR2. These findings suggest that targeting local tissue senescence may provide a therapeutic strategy applicable to a broad range of chronic wound types.
Small‐molecule MDM2 inhibitor LQFM030‐induced apoptosis in p53‐null K562 chronic myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: de Oliveira Ribeiro Higor , Cortez Alane Pereira , de Ávila Renato Ivan , da Silva Artur Christian Garcia , de Carvalho Flávio Silva , Menegatti Ricardo , Lião Luciano Morais , Valadares Marize Campos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOur group designed and synthesized the N‐phenyl‐piperazine LQFM030 [1‐(4‐((1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐1H–pyrazol‐4‐yl)methyl) piperazin‐1‐yl) ethanone], a small molecule derived from molecular simplification of the Nutlin‐1, an inhibitor of the human homologue of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) protein that is expressed in several types of cancer. To better investigate the effects of LQFM030 regarding the p53 mutation status, this study investigated the antiproliferative activity of LQFM030 against the p53‐null K562 leukemia cells as well as the cell death pathways involved. In addition, the effects of LQFM030 on the levels of the p53/MDM2 complex were also carried out using 3T3 cells as a p53 wild‐type model. Our data suggest that LQFM030 triggered apoptosis in K562 cells via different mechanisms including cell cycle arrest, caspase activation, reduction of mitochondrial activity, decrease in MDM2 expression, and transcriptional modulation of MDMX, p73, MYC, and NF‐ĸB. Additionally, it promoted effects in p53/MDM2 binding in p53 wild‐type 3T3 cells. Therefore, LQFM030 has antiproliferative effects in cancer cells by a p53 mutation status‐independent manner with different signaling pathways. These findings open new perspectives to the treatment of leukemic cells considering the resistance development associated with cancer treatment with conventional cytotoxic drugs.
Nutrient availability controls the impact of mammalian herbivores on soil carbon and nitrogen pools in grasslands
Authors: Sitters Judith , Wubs E. R. Jasper , Bakker Elisabeth S. , Crowther Thomas W. , Adler Peter B. , Bagchi Sumanta , Bakker Jonathan D. , Biederman Lori , Borer Elizabeth T. , Cleland Elsa E. , Eisenhauer Nico , Firn Jennifer , Gherardi Laureano , Hagenah Nicole , Hautier Yann , Hobbie Sarah E. , Knops Johannes M. H. , MacDougall Andrew S. , McCulley Rebecca L. , Moore Joslin L. , Mortensen Brent , Peri Pablo L. , Prober Suzanne M. , Riggs Charlotte , Risch Anita C. , Schütz Martin , Seabloom Eric W. , Siebert Julia , Stevens Carly J. , Veen G. F. (Ciska) 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGrasslands are subject to considerable alteration due to human activities globally, including widespread changes in populations and composition of large mammalian herbivores and elevated supply of nutrients. Grassland soils remain important reservoirs of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Herbivores may affect both C and N pools and these changes likely interact with increases in soil nutrient availability. Given the scale of grassland soil fluxes, such changes can have striking consequences for atmospheric C concentrations and the climate. Here, we use the Nutrient Network experiment to examine the responses of soil C and N pools to mammalian herbivore exclusion across 22 grasslands, under ambient and elevated nutrient availabilities (fertilized with NPK + micronutrients). We show that the impact of herbivore exclusion on soil C and N pools depends on fertilization. Under ambient nutrient conditions, we observed no effect of herbivore exclusion, but under elevated nutrient supply, pools are smaller upon herbivore exclusion. The highest mean soil C and N pools were found in grazed and fertilized plots. The decrease in soil C and N upon herbivore exclusion in combination with fertilization correlated with a decrease in aboveground plant biomass and microbial activity, indicating a reduced storage of organic matter and microbial residues as soil C and N. The response of soil C and N pools to herbivore exclusion was contingent on temperature – herbivores likely cause losses of C and N in colder sites and increases in warmer sites. Additionally, grasslands that contain mammalian herbivores have the potential to sequester more N under increased temperature variability and nutrient enrichment than ungrazed grasslands. Our study highlights the importance of conserving mammalian herbivore populations in grasslands worldwide. We need to incorporate local‐scale herbivory, and its interaction with nutrient enrichment and climate, within global‐scale models to better predict land–atmosphere interactions under future climate change.
Characterization of the MinD/ParA‐type ATPase FlhG in Vibrio alginolyticus and implications for function of its monomeric form
Authors: Kojima Seiji , Imura Yoshino , Hirata Hikaru , Homma Michio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFlhG is a MinD/ParA‐type ATPase that works as a negative regulator for flagellar biogenesis. In Vibrio alginolyticus, FlhG functions antagonistically with the positive regulator FlhF to generate a single polar flagellum. Here, we examined the effects of ADP and ATP on the aggregation and dimerization of Vibrio FlhG. Purified FlhG aggregated after exposure to low NaCl conditions, and its aggregation was suppressed in the presence of ADP or ATP. FlhG mutants at putative ATP‐binding (K31A) or catalytic (D60A) residues showed similar aggregation profiles to the wild type, but ATP caused strong aggregation of the ATPase‐stimulated D171A mutant although ADP significantly suppressed the aggregation. Results of size exclusion chromatography of purified FlhG or Vibrio cell lysates suggested that FlhG exists as a monomer in solution, and ATP does not induce FlhG dimerization. The K31A and D60A mutants eluted at monomer fractions regardless of nucleotides, but ATP shifted the elution peak of the D171A mutant to slightly earlier, presumably because of a subtle conformational change. Our results suggest that monomeric FlhG can function in vivo, whose active conformation aggregates easily.
Low literacy, policy and consumer vulnerability: Are we really doing enough?
Authors: Stewart Cordelia Rose , Yap Sheau‐Fen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA perennial issue in transformative consumer research and public policy is the plight of low‐literate vulnerable consumers. Low‐literate consumers have been observed misinterpreting labels, misusing products and purchasing the wrong item, which leads to devastating outcomes as they continue to make poor decisions out of ignorance. Based on a thorough review of past studies on consumer literacy and vulnerability, we explore how stigma and attribution operate as underlying mechanisms for influencing how low‐literate consumers behave in the marketplace. This paper problematises blanket statements that all low‐literate consumers are vulnerable and addresses the possibility that universal policy actions may inadvertently create further marginalization for those it is meant to protect. Our paper contributes by introducing a new typology of low‐literate consumer vulnerability to challenge conventional understandings of who the vulnerable consumers are in relation to their literacy level and actual marketplace behaviour. From a policy standpoint, the insights gained from our review speak to the need for differentiating low‐literate consumers in terms of their status of vulnerability, which inform public policy initiatives and effective consumer education for their empowerment and protection.