bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Low Birth Weight Infants in Mekelle Zone, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia- Case-Control study
Authors: Adem Omer Seid , Gebresalassie Nigisti Hailemariam , Tekele Tesfaye Hailu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background : Low Birth Weight is a public health problem in Ethiopian. This study aimed to identify its determinant factors in Mekelle Zone, northern Ethiopia. Methods : Case control study design was employed on randomly selected 464 newborn. Baby measuring scale was used to weighing the newborn. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the determinants factors, P < 0.05 and 95 % confidence level by using SPSS version 20 statistical software. Results : Maternal age <20 years (AOR = 2.9, 95 % CI: 1.55, 5.47), income < 2500 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 3.5, (95 % CI: 1.57, 7.95), gestation < 37 weeks (AOR= 4, 95% CI: 2.18, 7.29), hypertension (AOR= 2.6, 95% CI: 1.15, 6.07), anemia (AOR= 3.2, 95% CI: 1.70, 6.17), didn’t consume milk/week (AOR= 2.3, 95% CI: 1.02, 5.35), low dietary diversity (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.22, 6.19), MUAC < 23 cm (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.14, 4.04) were the identified determinants factors for low birth weight. Conclusions : Maternal age, income, history of hypertension and anemia, milk consumption, dietary diversity and maternal MUAC were the determinants Therefore, employing multisectoral coordinated intervention is essential to ending low birth weight.
Stable Qtl And Candidate Genes Involved Into The Genetic Network Affecting Grain Yield And Seed Size In Durum Wheat
Authors: Mangini Giacomo , Blanco Antonio , Nigro Domenica , Signorile Massimo Antonio , Simeone Rosanna 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In wheat grain yield is expressed as the product of different components. Among these, thousand kernels weight (TKW) reflects the combination of several grain related traits including grain length (GL), grain width (GW) and area. Grain weight is also affected by phenological traits, such as heading time (HT) and plant height (PH). To detect stable QTL and candidate genes involved in phenotypic control of grain yield, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from two elite durum wheat cultivars (Liberdur and Anco Marzio) was evaluated for yield components and grain related traits for three growing seasons in southern Italy. The mapping population was genotyped with a 90K SNP array and a high-density genetic linkage map with 5134 markers were obtained.Results: A total of 30 QTL were detected on the durum RIL population including 9 stable QTL for TKW (2 QTL), GL, GW (2 QTL), AREA, HT and PH (2 QTL) distributed on 1B, 2A, 3A and 6B chromosomes. Interestingly, a QTL cluster mapped on 2A included a major QTL for HT explaining at least 70% of phenotypic variance and co-located with a QTL for YLD, TKW, GL and GW and AREA, respectively. In the physical position of this QTL cluster a photoperiod sensitivity gene (Ppd-A1) was found. Serine carboxypeptidase, Big Grain 1 and β-fructofuranosidase candidate genes were mapped in clusters containing stable QTL. Candidate genes involved in auxin metabolism were also found in QTL clusters in which a QTL for AREA was declared. Conclusions: This study showed that yield components and phenological traits had higher inheritances than grain yield, allowing an accurate stable QTL cluster detection. This was a powerful requisite to physically map QTL on the reference durum wheat genome and to identify candidate genes strongly affecting the genetic grain yield network.
Translation and Linguistic Validation of the Simplified Chinese Brain Cancer Patient-Reported Outcomes Evaluation System
Authors: Zhan Chaohong , Yao Honghui , Xiao Gelei , Tang Zhi , Liang Ye , Jin Chen , Xu Cheng , Liu Jingping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale Brain Cancer-Specific Module (FACT-Br) was developed by a standard measurement theory and used to assess the symptoms, functions, and quality of life among brain cancer patients in English spoken countries. However, this instrument has not been translated into Chinese.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop the Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale Brain Cancer-Specific Module (C-FACT-Br).MethodsC-FACT-Br was translated following the standard Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Translation (FACIT) methodology. Then, the cognitive briefing interviews were done to ensure the conceptual equivalence by probing 10 native Chinese-speaking brain cancer patients.ResultsThe translation was finished by bilingual teams with the help of the FACIT organization. All items in C-FACT-Br were understandable to patients, and they also gave some comments in adjusting items in scale.ConclusionsC-FACIT-Br items had the equivalence meaning, same structure, and harmonization with the English version. Brain cancer patients over 18 years old can understand the scale and express their symptoms, function, and quality of life by these measures.
Network analysis of the pharmacological mechanism of Reduning injection in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia
Authors: Xie Yizi , ZHENG Wenjiang , JIANG Yong , LIU Xiaohong , ZHAN Shaofeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is spreading worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) have played an important role in COVID-19 treatment in China. This study explores the specific mechanisms of action of Reduning injection (RDN) as a novel clinical treatment for COVID-19. Material and Methods: We collected RDN chemical components and targets, COVID-19-related targets, and predictions of potential targets of RDN treatment for COVID-19 and performed network topology, Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and WikiPathways enrichment analysis of these potential targets. Results: This study identified 14 chemical components and 200 targets of RDN; 3,558 COVID-19-related targets; 54 potential targets of RDN treatment for COVID-19. GO functional enrichment analysis identified 83 entries in biological process, including regulation of vasoconstriction、arachidonic acid secretion, and 17 entries in molecular function, including oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors. WikiPathways enrichment analysis identified 16 entries including the interleukin-12 signaling pathway. Conclusion: In brief, RDN may be involved in the core anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) action and also in the reduction of the resulting inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and lung tissue damage, and the regulation of apoptosis, providing evidence for the characteristics of TCM in COVID-19 treatment involving multiple components, targets, and pathways.
High-Flow Nasal Cannula therapy: A Feasible Treatment in Vulnerable Older COVID-19 Patients on the Wards
Authors: Steenkiste Job van , Herwerden Michael C. van , Weller Dolf , Bout Christiaan J. van den , Ruiter Rikje , Hollander Jan G. den , Moussaoui Rachida el , Verhoeven Gert T. , Noord Charlotte van , Dorpel Marinus van den 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: In the midst of the COVID-19 crisis, many frail elderly were admitted to our hospital with COVID-19. We sought a treatment for those who had severe respiratory failure but were not eligible for invasive mechanical ventilation, due to frailty, functional status, comorbidity or wish of the patient. We started with applying High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) treatment on the wards.Methods: A retrospective cohort study amongst COVID-19 adult patients with respiratory failure defined as persisting hypoxemia despite maximum conventional oxygen administration requiring invasive mechanical ventilation at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) but being treated with HFNC as they were non-eligible due to frailty or wish of the patient.Results: We included 32 patients between March 9 and May 1, 2020. The median age was 79.0 years (74.5-83.0) with a median of three comorbidities (3-4) and a median Clinical Frailty Score of 4 out of 9 (3-6). The median SPO2/FiO2 Ratio was 157.5 indicating moderate ARDS. Overall survival rate in the HFNC cohort was 25%. Age (80.5 (78.0-84.3) vs 69.5 (65.5-74.3) p=0.0040) and hypertension (92% vs 25%, p=0.0008) were associated with mortality.Conclusion: HFNC can be used as a last resort respiratory management strategy in vulnerable elderly COVID-19 patients in respiratory failure on the wards who failed on conventional high dose oxygen supply and are not eligible for invasive mechanical ventilation.
Plant nutrient quality promotes survival and reproductive fitness of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti
Authors: Nyasembe Vincent Odhiambo , Tchouassi David P. , Muturi Martha N. , Pirk Christian W. W. , Sole Catherine L. , Torto Baldwyn 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

In a recent study using DNA barcoding, we identified the plants fed upon by four Afro-tropical mosquito species that vector dengue, malaria, and Rift Valley fever. Herein, we have expanded on this study by investigating the role of three of the plants Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae), Leonotis nepetifolia (Lamiaceae), and Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae) on survival, fecundity, and egg viability of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti.
Methods

We tested these effects using females that received a) an initial three rations of bloodmeal, and b) received no bloodmeal at all. Two controls were included; age-matched females fed on glucose solution with or without initial bloodmeal, and those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Data was collected daily over a 30-day period. The amino acid content of Ae. aegypti guts and the amino acid content of their respective diets was detected by coupled liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry.
Results

Females fed on P. dulce and exclusive bloodmeal had a shorter survival than those fed on glucose. On the other hand, females fed on L. nepetifolia survived longer than those fed exclusively on bloodmeal, whereas those fed on O. ficus-indica had the shortest survival time. With initial bloodmeal, females fed on L. nepetifolia laid 1.6-fold more eggs while those fed on the other diets laid fewer eggs, compared to those fed exclusively on bloodmeal. Hatching rates of the eggs laid varied with the diet. Mass spectroscopic analysis of gut contents of mosquitoes exposed to the different diets showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their amino acid levels.
Conclusion

Our findings highlight the central role of plant nutrients in the reproductive fitness of dengue vectors which may impact their disease transmission potential.
Chronic Exposure to High Altitude and Job Burnout Among Chinese Military Personnel at Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: The Mediating Effect of Fatigue and Moderating Effect of Deployment Duration
Authors: Tu Zhi-hao , Peng Li , He Jing-wen , Shen Xing-hua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Job burnout among military personnel is associated with many negative consequence including depression, various forms of job withdrawal, and poor job performance. The present study aimed to investigate how chronic exposure to HA, fatigue, and deployment duration may influence burnout among Chinese military personnel. Methods: Military plateau drivers at Golmud (average altitude: 2,890m) as high altitude group (N = 194) and military drivers at Fuzhou (average altitude: 84m) as low altitude group (N = 190) completed the self-administrated questionnaires. Path analysis with ordinary least squares regression procedures were used to test the mediating effect of fatigue and moderating eﬀect of deployment duration.Results: A simple mediation from altitude to burnout through fatigue was supported by the results. Military personnel at high altitude experienced severer fatigue than those at low altitude (B = 1.215, t = 4.303, p < 0.001), and fatigue in turn caused greater job burnout (B = 0.347, t = 6.132, p < 0.001). The mediating effect of fatigue was significant (M = 0.421, Boot LLCI = 0.207, Boot ULCI = 0.668) and explained 15.21% of the total effect of altitude on burnout. However, the moderating effects of deployment duration were not supported in the present study. Conclusion: The problem of job burnout among military personnel on the plateau may be diminished by relieving their mental and physical fatigue induced by chronic exposure to high altitude and increasing the number of vacation days away from plateau.
MicroRNA-133a-5p Promotes Angiogenesis of Endothelial Progenitor Cells via TRIM59/Id1 in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Teng Lichen , Wu Jian , Li Huiling , Wang Huiyan , Wang Ying , Yu Ming , Zhu Yu , Su Yajuan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in tumor angiogenesis and growth. In this study, we assessed the effect of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) on EPCs migration and angiogenesis and its signaling pathway in patients suffered from ovarian cancer (OC).
Methods

We cultured peripheral circulating EPCs derived from 32 OC patients and 20 healthy control subjects, respectively. The miRNA profiles of EPCs in ovarian cancer patients were compared with that in healthy control subjects, and aberrantly expressed miRNAs in both groups were identified via miRNA microarray and clustering analysis. Among these miRNAs, miR-133a-5p was considered as one of the most important miRNAs, which biological function in EPCs has been investigated. Bioinformatic analysis combined with knockdown and overexpression of miR-133a-5p were used to identify its target protein.
Results

An obviously downregulated expression level of miR-133a-5p has been seen in EPCs with ovarian cancer patients. Downregulated expression level of miR-133a-5p has been seen in ovarian cancer tissues and ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3). Downregulated of miR-133a-5p can increase TRIM59 expression, moreover, downregulated of miR-133a-5p further induce migration and angiogenesis via increase VEGF and Id1 in EPCs. MiR-133a-5p pro-angiogenesis would be diminished by TRIM59 knockdown.
Conclusions

The study found that miR-133a-5p was an important upstream factor regulated Id1/VEGF expression. Additionally, functional studies have revealed that TRIM59 was a direct target protein of miR-133a-5p, and TRIM59 silencing attenuated the role of miR-133a-5p in angiogenesis and Id1/VEGF expression. So we proposed that miR-133a-5p would be a new target for OC therapy.
Myocardial Injury at Early Stage and Its Association with Death Risk of Patients with COVID-19: A Hospital-Based Prospective Case-Cohort Study
Authors: Fu Lin , Li Xiu-Yong , Fei Jun , Xiang Ying , Xiang Hui-Xian , Li Meng-Die , Liu Fang-Fang , Li Ying , Zhao Hui , Xu De-Xiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: There are growing evidence demonstrating that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is companied by acute myocardial injury. However, the association of SARS-CoV-2-induced myocardial injury with death risk of COVID-19 is unclear.Methods: This prospective case-cohort study analyzed 355 COVID-19 patients from two hospitals in different regions. Clinical and demographic information were collected. Myocardial injury was evaluated and its prognosis was followed up. Results: Of 355 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, 213 were mild, 90 severe and 52 critically ill patients. On admission, 220 (62.0%) patients were with myocardial injury. Myocardial injury was more popular in critically ill patients. Using multivariate logistic regression, male, older age and comorbidity with hypertension were three crucial independent risk factors predicting myocardial injury of COVID-19 patients. Among 220 COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury, 33 (15.0%) died on mean 10.9 day after hospitalization. Mortality was increased among COVID-19 patients with myocardial injury (15.0% vs 1.74%, RR=8.625, P<0.001). Follow-up study observed that at least one myocardial index of 21.3% patients remained abnormal 14 days after discharge. Conclusion: Myocardial injury at early stage elevates mortality of COVID-19 patients. Male elderly patients with hypertension are more vulnerable to myocardial injury. SARS-CoV-2-induced myocardial injury has not completely recovered 14 days after discharge.
Rosiglitazone Protects Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity Following Ischemic Stroke by Reducing MMP-9 Expression Through a Caveolin-1-Dependent Pathway.
Authors: Huang Qianyi , Zhong Wei , Yi Xia , Qin Zhen , Tang Xiangqi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Rosiglitazone (RSG) is a widely used antidiabetic drug which activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. Recent work have shown that RSG can up-regulate caveolin-1 levels and ameliorate both chronic and acute brain injury. However, whether rosiglitazone can ameliorate ischemic injury in the brain via a caveolin-1-dependent pathway remains unknown. Methods: Adult male sprague-dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, rosiglitazone group and rosiglitazone+daidzein group. The rat models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established using the suture method, with ischemia for 2 hours and reperfusion for 22 hours. Neurological deficits were evaluated by the methods of Longa’s standard scoring. Cerebral infarction volume was observed by staining with 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride. Evans blue content reflects BBB permeability. The expressions of caveolin-1, matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and occludin were detected by immunofluorescent staining and western blot. Results: In this study, we found that the expression of caveolin-1 was increased in a rat model of stroke, and treatment with RSG significantly increased the levels of caveolin-1, reduced the release of MMP-9, and increased the expression of occludin. On the other hand, a caveolin-1 inhibitor daidzein canceled the protective roles of RSG in the MCAO model.Conclusions: These data unveil that RSG might protect blood-brain barrier integrity by down-regulating the levels of MMP-9 via a caveolin-1-dependent pathway.
Expression and clinical significance of human leukocyte antigen class II, PD-1/PD-L1, and immune cells in small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Yu , Zhang Liping , Zhang Wei , Wu Shengyu , Chen Bin , Zhao Sha , Li Wei , Sun Chenglong , Wang Lei , Jia Keyi , Wang Hao , Chen Peixin , Wu Chunyan , He Yayi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Human leukocyte antigen class II (HLA class II) is considered to be related to antitumor immunity. But its value in SCLC is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed HLA class II, programmed death receptor-1/programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1/PD-L1), and immune cells (CD3, CD4, CD8, FOXP3) expression and their role in predicting the patient’s prognosis in SCLC.
Methods

We analyzed 102 surgical SCLC tumor samples from Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, China. HLA class II was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and we analyzed the status of HLA class II protein expressed in SCLC. Correlation between HLA class II and PD-1/PD-L1, immune cells, clinicopathological variables, and the survival data were also studied.
Results

44.1% of patients expressed HLA class II on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) positively, yet only 5.9% of patients expressed it on SCLC tumor cells. HLA class II on TILs was positively related to PD-1, PD-L1 on TILs, and immune cells. On tumor cells, it also had a positive relationship with PD-1 on TILs (correction coefficient = 0.723, p = 0.006). Comparison of logistic regression models indicates that the odds ratios (ORs) for expression of HLA II on TILs were 3.233 (95% CI: 1.051 ~ 9.95, p = 0.041) when negative for PD-L1 on TILs were compared with those positive for PD-L1 on TILs, and 0.314 (95% CI: 0.118 ~ 0.838, p = 0.021) when negative lymph node metastasis was compared with that positive one. With the Cox regression model, the stage, HLA class II on TILs, PD-L1 on TILs, CD3, CD4, CD8, FOXP3 were considered as protective factors for relapse-free survival (RFS). HLA class II positive patients had a longer RFS (1.20 years, 95% CI: 0.83 ~ 1.57 versus. 3.40 years, 95% CI: 2.47 ~ 4.33, p = 0.015). The high level of HLA class II expressed on TILs was related to a better prognosis. The RFS of patients with positive HLA class II, PD-1/PD-L1, and immune cells was higher than that of these all negative patients (3.45 years, 95% CI: 2.92 ~ 3.97 versus. 2.02 years, 95% CI: 1.32 ~ 2.72, p = 0.001).
Conclusions

HLA class II was expressed on SCLC TILs, which was correlated with PD-1/PD-L1 and immune cells expression. HLA class II positive patient had a better prognosis.
Single-parenthood and health conditions among children receiving public assistance in Japan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nishioka Daisuke , Saito Junko , Ueno Keiko , Kondo Naoki 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Single-parenthood is recognised as a risk factor for chronic childhood health conditions due to lower family income, resulting in food insecurity and an increased psychological burden. Governmental social assistance may address the risk by ensuring minimum-income protection and financial healthcare access. However, no study has investigated the association between single-parenthood and health statuses among children in families receiving social assistance benefits. This study aimed to examine the association between single-parent households and children’s health among public assistance recipients in Japan by—for the first time ever—using linkage data of two municipal public assistance databases and medical assistance claim data.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study. Public assistance for households below poverty line ensures their income security and medical care. We extracted individual factors of children aged 15 years or younger in January 2016 and observed until December 2016. We identified one-year prevalence of childhood diseases by using International Classification of Disease, Tenth Edition (ICD-10) codes.Results: Among the 573 participants, 383 (66.8%) lived in single-parent households. A multivariable Poisson regression showed that single-parenthood is associated with a higher prevalence of asthma (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-2.26), allergic rhinitis (PR = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.07-1.86), dermatitis and eczema (PR = 1.81; 95% CI, 1.21-2.70), and dental diseases (PR = 1.79; 95% CI, 1.33-2.42), as compared to other households. No association was found between single-parenthood and acute children’s diseases such as respiratory infections, injuries, and intestinal infections.Conclusions: Living in single-parent households is a risk factor for children’s chronic diseases, despite them receiving public assistance benefits. These results may be explained by the increased psychosocial stress, suggesting that the present public assistance system in Japan should provide additional social support. Ameliorating health conditions of children among single-parent households on public assistance can be achieved by closer monitoring of the community. Further investigations are necessary using more detailed information such as environmental factors, the severity of children’s health conditions, the contents of any received treatments, and broader socioeconomic factors.