bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations towards an efficient drug–drug interaction
Authors: Jia Yaxun , Yuan Zhu , Wang Haoyang , Gong Yunchao , Yang Haixiang , Xiang Zuo-lin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) are a crucial research focus in clinical pharmacology and public health. DDIs can lead to reduced drug efficacy or increased adverse reactions, making the effective identification and understanding of drug interactions essential for patient safety and treatment outcomes. With the rapid growth of biomedical literature, automated methods for extracting DDI information have become increasingly necessary. In this paper, we propose BLRG, a novel model that uniquely integrates BioBERT, long short-term memory (LSTM), and relational graph convolutional network (R-GCN) to extract complex DDIs. This combination allows the model to effectively capture both semantic and relational features, outperforming existing methods in handling intricate dependencies in biomedical texts. Specifically, our approach begins by utilizing the BioBERT model to capture deep contextual features of sentences, extracting their semantic information. Following this, an LSTM network processes the sequential features of the sentence to model its contextual dependencies. Finally, an R-GCN is applied to identify and interpret the relationships between drug entities within the sentence, accurately capturing DDI information. Experimental results demonstrate that our model significantly outperforms current state-of-the-art methods across standard datasets, showcasing its effectiveness and potential in complex DDI extraction tasks. Our code and data are publicly available at: https://github.com/Hero-Legend/BLRG.
Improved YOLOv9 for underwater side scan sonar target detection
Authors: Yuan Xin , Li Jiapeng , Wang Weiwei , Zhou Xiaoteng , Li Ning , Yu Changli 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the pursuit of advancing computer vision, this manuscript addresses the complex challenge of underwater object detection through a novel YOLOv9-Side scan Network (YOLOv9-SN) model. The research encapsulates the integration of Negative Sample Refinement, Attention and Convolution mix strategy, and Spatial and Channel reconstruction Convolution convolutional layers, thus enhances the model’s discriminative learning and efficiency. The incorporation of Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network and Multi-Path Distance Intersectionover Union metrics significantly improves the performance of feature integration and object localization. Comparative analysis with established models such as Faster region-based convolutional neural network, DEtection TRansformer, and YOLOv5, along with rigorous ablation studies, demonstrates the superiority of the proposed YOLOv9-SN model. Evaluating on the zero-shot learning-sonar submarine simulation dataset, this model achieves a mAP@0.5:0.95 of 72.1%, surpassing the baseline of YOLOv9 by 3.5%. This research contributes to the enhancement of detection metrics and the advancement of side scan sonar imaging for underwater targets, emphasizing the model’s high precision and accuracy in underwater target detection.
Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses provide insight into the variation of floral scent and molecular regulation in different cultivars and flower development of Curcuma alismatifolia
Authors: Song Chao , Tian Jingpu , Xie Dejin , Lin Shengnan , Yang Yingxue , Zhang Xiaoni , Liao Xuezhu , Wu Zhiqiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Curcuma alismatifolia is an important ornamental plant of significant economic value, while the floral fragrance has been rarely investigated, leading to a lack of knowledge about the floral scent. By performing metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, we investigated the variation of 906 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in florets of eight C. alismatifolia cultivars and four different developmental stages of ‘Chiang Mai Pink’ (CMP). The metabolite profiling revealed that the terpenoid group (213 out of 906) was the predominant VOC, accounting for 33.5% and 43.4% of total VOC contents in the florets of different cultivars and developmental stages, respectively. Sweet and woody were the predominant odors not only in different cultivars but also during developmental stages. The varied intensities of other odors contributed to forming odor diversities in C. alismatifolia floret. We uncovered seven terpenoid synthetase (TPS) genes and four MYB genes of significant association with the biosynthesis of terpenoids in eight cultivars and floret development, respectively. We performed an activity assay on four selected TPS genes and identified that Chr15HA1352 and Chr15HA2528 are responsible for the biosynthesis of α-farnesene. The significant association between the MYB gene (Chr03HA28) and seven terpenoids can be observed among different cultivars and during different developmental stages. These findings highlight the varying floral scents in different cultivars and floret development and suggest the potential roles of identified TPS and MYB genes in the biosynthesis of terpenoids in C. alismatifolia.
Integrative Analysis of Genome-wide Association Studies of Polyphenols in Apple Fruits Identifies the MdDof2.4-MdPAT10 Module That Promotes Procyanidin Accumulation
Authors: Li Zhongxing , Gao Cai , Fan Tianle , Cui Yilin , Liu Zeyuan , Li Lei , Qian Qian , Cheng Mengjie , Zhan Xiangqiang , Niu Chundong , Ma Fengwang , Yang Peizhi , Guan Qingmei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Polyphenols represent a significant class of nutrients in apples, contributing to human health and well-being. Among these, procyanidins stand out as the most prevalent polyphenolic compounds in apple fruits. These compounds are abundant in wild apples and generally low in modern apple cultivars. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and recover genetically lost genes that regulate polyphenol accumulation in order to improve the apple quality. To achieve this, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 15 traits related to polyphenol content, utilizing 134 Malus accessions. We identified 1,204 marker-trait associations (MTAs) and 840 candidate genes, including known polyphenol biosynthetic and regulatory genes, such as MYB7, TT4, and HCT/HQT. Notably, we pinpointed a protein S-acyl transferase 10 (PAT10) which is significantly associated with procyanidin content. Through experiments with transgenic calli, we determined that apple (Malus domestica) MdPAT10 positively regulated procyanidin accumulation. Furthermore, we identified a 51-bp insertion variant (In-868) on the promoter of the PAT10, which influences its expression. Both a yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay and an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) revealed that MdDof2.4 was able to bind to the promoter of MdPAT10 containing In-868 (MdPAT10proIn-868), but not to the promoter of MdPAT10 without In-868 (MdPAT10pro). Moreover, MdDof2.4 promoted MdPAT10 (with MdPAT10proIn-868) expression and increased procyanidin accumulation in fruits. Overall, our results enhance the understanding of the biosynthetic regulation of apple polyphenols and provide a theoretical foundation and genetic resources for breeding apple varieties with optimal polyphenol content.
A multi-channel CRISPR-based method for rapid, sensitive detection of four diseases of Brassica rapa in the field
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Su Tongbing , Xin Xiaoyun , Li Peirong , Wang Weihong , Song Cancan , Zhao Xiuyun , Zhang Deshuang , Yu Yangjun , Wang Jiao , Li Ning , Wang Miao , Zhang Fenglan , Yu Shuancang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Pathogens significantly restrict the production of Brassica rapa (Brassica rapa L. ssp. Pekinensis), with climate change and evolving planting patterns exacerbating disease prevalence. Multi-channel rapid diagnostic methods in the field can facilitate the early detection and control of diseases in B. rapa. Here, we established a multi-channel lateral flow biosensor (LFB) combined with a CRISPR/Cas12a cleavage assay for the simultaneous detection of four B. rapa diseases. Key innovations of this study include: (1) High specificity and sensitivity, down to pathogen concentrations of 1.5 pg/μL—due to the optimization of crRNA secondary structure: the more stable the crRNA, the higher its detection sensitivity. (2) Optimized visual detection parameters. We identified ideal concentration ratios for the visual fluorescence detection system: 50 nM Cas12a, 50 nM crRNA, and 500 nM ssDNA fluorescent probe. Furthermore, the optimal concentrations of components on the LFB detection system were 3 μL SA-GNPs, 500 nM ssDNA test strip probe, 0.5 mg/mL biotin-BSA as the test line, and 1 mg/mL anti-FITC as the control line. (3) Field-Ready Cas-AIRPA Platform. We developed the on-site Cas-AIRPA platform for the simultaneous detection of B. rapa pathogens by combining rapid nucleic acid extraction and a four-channel lateral flow biosensor (4-LFB), which quickly provides disease-related information through a specific two-dimensional barcode. Analysis of B. rapa samples in the field confirmed the suitability of the Cas-AIRPA platform for rapid (~25 min) and simultaneous on-site detection of four diseases of B. rapa. This platform can also be adapted to detect other plant diseases in the field.
Enforcement of Sentences and Other Penalties
Authors: Ambos Kai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the enforcement of sentences and other penalties. It explains that the enforcement regime of international criminal tribunals constitutes the backbone of the system of international criminal justice. The enforcement of sentences and other judicial decisions is a fundamental part of interstate cooperation in criminal matters. Thus, the regime operates in a decentralized fashion through enforcement by States, although one may consider the international tribunals’ detention facilities (IDFs) as the nucleus of a centralized international enforcement or an international penal system. The chapter also discusses the enforcement of fines and other financial measures before detailing the national implementation of the rules and provisions.
From Machine Learning to Deep Learning: Revolutionizing Microscopy Image Analysis
Authors: Bhattiprolu Sreenivas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed microscopy workflows, enhancing efficiency from image acquisition to analysis. This article explores the evolution from conventional machine learning (ML) to deep learning (DL) in microscopy applications, discussing how AI assists at various stages of the microscopy process. It explains the fundamental differences between ML and DL, using real-world examples to demonstrate DL's superiority in complex scenarios such as organelle segmentation in life sciences and grain boundary analysis in materials sciences. The article also covers advanced topics like semantic and instance segmentation, providing insights into customizing DL models. By demystifying AI for microscopists, this work bridges the gap between cutting-edge technology and practical applications in microscopy.
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist vs. placebo in a patient with end-stage kidney disease under renal replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Dawadi Sagun , Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Oli Prakash Raj , Shtembari Jurgen , Kansakar Sajog , Paudel Suman , Pant Kailash 
Published: December 2024

The number of patients living with chronic kidney diseases is increasing, and so are the patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT). While there is a common understanding that these patients face higher risks of fatal or non-fatal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) have been an essential pillar in managing heart failure, their use in this subset of patients have been overshadowed due to concerns of hyperkalemia. ESRD patients under RRT have often been excluded from landmark trials.
This meta-analysis was conducted based on the PRISMA guideline after registering the protocol with PROSPERO (CRD42024499835). A database search included articles until April 2024 and relevant data extracted from the included studies. Analysis was done using RevMan web (version 5.4). A total of 15 studies among 1086 studies were included in the final analysis. Our meta-analysis revealed MRA significantly reduced all-cause mortality (OR 0.35, CI 0.23- 0.54) and cardio-vascular mortality (OR 0.37, 0.21-0.65). With some possible increase in the risk of hyperkalemia (OR 1.56, CI 1.01-2.42), with no discernible difference in the occurrence of stroke (OR 0.57, CI 0.25-1.28) or MI (OR 0.63, CI 0.08-4.72).
The utilization of MRA in patients with ESRD under dialysis is linked to improved mortality outcomes, albeit with slight concerns for hyperkalemia. While current evidence leans towards MRA usage, prospective randomized controlled trials involving a broader patient cohort are essential to establish robust guidance for MRA application in this subset of patients.
Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous golimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a sample of Syrian patients: a cohort study
Authors: Haidar Ghina , Kudsi Maysoun , Khalayli Naram 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disease, affecting the joints and other organs. Several treatments have been approved for use in its management including biologics. Golimumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks the binding of TNF-alpha to its receptor, has been considered a treatment since 2013. The efficacy and safety of golimumab was reported in some studies designed as open-label trials and a few randomized controlled trials in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective:
To assess the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous golimumab in a sample of Syrian patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis that was un-responded to different disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.

Methods:
100 patients with rheumatoid arthritis from the rheumatology departments were enrolled in our study. The patients were divided into two groups: 50 patients who were given subcutaneous golimumab, as a patient group, and 50 patients who were receiving conventional antirheumatic modifiers, as a control group. Side effects of golimumab and the other treatments were registered.

Results:
We found that golimumab is effective in treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis, as it achieved a significant response rate during the follow-up period, as assessed by the DAS28-ESR score. The mean DAS28-ESR at the start was 5.33 ± 0.85), and with follow-up of the patients during the study period, it decreased significantly to 3.81 after 3 months and then to 2.03 after a year. Patients achieved a significant response of 94% within the first 3 months of golimumab administration according to EULAR response criteria. The rate of remission of the disease after 1 year was 90%. There was only one side effect, which was an upper respiratory infection, in two patients (4%) after 3 months, and in only one patient (2%) after 6 months.

Conclusion:
Golimumab is effective and safe in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis
A case of SAPHO syndrome complicated by uveitis with good response to etanercept, a TNF inhibitor
Authors: Kudsi Maysoun , Shahada Zienab , Haidar Ghina , Drie Tasneem , Tarcha Raghad , Bitar Anas 
Published: December 2024

Introduction and importance:
SAPHO syndrome is a rare syndrome that includes several manifestations, including synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis, which makes diagnosing and treating this condition a great challenge for doctors. Uveitis is a rare presentation, but SAPHO syndrome is considered a part of the spondyloarthropathies, so it seems logical to find a correlation between SAPHO and uveitis. Here, we have reported a case of SAPHO complicated with uveitis.

Case presentation:
Our patient, a 26-year-old male, was diagnosed with SAPHO syndrome due to joint and skin symptoms. His response was limited to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, but his response was excellent to the tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (Etanercept). Even when he suffered from uveitis, treatment was effective with the drug etanercept.

Clinical discussion:
Its precise pathogenesis remains unclear; however, immune dysfunction, infection, and genetic susceptibility were considered to play a role.

Treatment aims to relieve the symptoms and protect from exacerbation of the disease. For refractory cases to conventional drugs, biotherapy is the next therapeutic option.

Conclusion:
In this case, the patient had osteoarticular and cutaneous symptoms and had uveitis, which is characterized by a good response to treatment.
Guidance for creating morally healthy organizations that remediate the experience of moral injury in healthcare: Findings from an international e-Delphi study
Authors: Morris Deborah , Dean Wendy , Webb Elanor , Wainwright Jack , Hampden Roisin , Talbot Simon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
To date, research and policy directives have focused on identifying individual risk factors for moral injury, with less attention to solutions for establishing non-morally injurious cultures and practices.

Methods
Experts with academic or clinical knowledge of moral injury were recruited to a three-round e-Delphi survey exploring descriptors and characteristics of non-morally injurious organisations.

Results
Forty-nine, forty-one and thirty-nine experts responded at each round. Morally ‘healthy’, ‘congruent’ and ‘centred’ were endorsed as descriptors for non-morally injurious organisations. Consensus was also obtained on 111 characteristics and behaviours relating to organisational identity (e.g., just culture), behaviours and practices (e.g., transparency in decision-making), and self-awareness (e.g., monitoring of moral injury in workforce).

Conclusions
The findings implicate the need for a strengths-oriented, solution-focused approach to addressing moral injury. The recommendations proposed warrant evaluation and operationalisation within formal guidance.
Beyond Do No Harm: Introduction to Green Radiology
Authors: Hecht Elizabeth M. , Margolis Daniel J. A. , Wehrli Natasha E. , Cascella Brooke , Pogorzelski Justine , Trikantzopoulos Elefterios , Hentel Keith D. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
In 2021, the Human Rights Council declared that having a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment is a human right. According to the WHO, 24% of deaths are attributable to environmental health risks and are largely preventable. Current predictions show that rising emissions will be linked to an enormous healthcare burden, especially for high-risk populations and historically disadvantaged communities. The US healthcare industry accounts for nearly 18% of its GDP and is a major consumer of resources. The largest healthcare-related source of greenhouse gas emissions is from the supply chain, including pharmaceuticals, other chemicals, food, and the transportation required to mobilize them accounting for 80% of emissions, with only 20% of emissions from purchased energy and the facilities directly. As a field, radiology has historically monitored its impact in terms of radiation exposure and thermal effects but has not focused on other pollutants, greenhouse gas emissions, or waste. Although tackling large issues such as climate change and pollution seems daunting, we can start by raising awareness through education, investigation, and advocacy. In this review, we discuss a systems-based approach to addressing climate change from the federal to the local level focusing on the potential role of the radiologist.
Subscapular Tunneling to Increase the Reach of Latissimus Dorsi Myocutaneous Flap
Authors: Mubang Ronnie , Wimbiscus Mae , Sullivan Lauren , Nixon Alexander , Golinko Micheal , Panambur Bhandari 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The latissimus dorsi muscle or myocutaneous flap (LDMF) has long been a mainstay in the plastic surgeon's armamentarium, serving as a versatile and reliable tool for reconstructive procedures. Tunneling the LDMF through the subscapular route increases the reach to cover defects as far as nape of the neck. In this article, we report a case of LDMF routed through a subscapular route to cover impending hardware exposure at the nape region. This article provides a comprehensive review of the subscapular tunneled LDMF technique while discussing its indications, surgical anatomy, operative technique, complications, and outcomes.
Transgender Healthcare
Authors: Sparks Payton J. , Bozigar Caden , Shah Krish V. , Wan Rou , Uryga Abigail , Nguyen Antoinette T. , Li Rena A. , Galiano Robert D. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This historical narrative presents a comprehensive historical journey delving into the diverse facets of gender identity and expression across ancient cultures. It explores these civilizations' perspectives on gender diversity, highlighting instances that challenged conventional gender norms. Transitioning to the modern era, the narrative examines the dynamic landscape of LGBTQ+ and trans movements, spotlighting influential figures whose advocacy has significantly influenced societal perceptions and advanced the rights of gender diverse individuals. Their contributions continue to shape contemporary affirming care practices. Exploring the emergence of gender-affirming surgery, the narrative highlights pioneering surgeons and original techniques employed in these transformative procedures. It shows the courage and innovation of early surgeons who laid the groundwork for contemporary practices. At the core of this historical narrative lies the pivotal role of plastic surgeons in gender-affirming care. It emphasizes the significance of a collaborative multidisciplinary approach among medical professionals to ensure comprehensive and patient-centered care for transgender individuals seeking affirming interventions. However, intertwined with this narrative are legislative barriers that have hindered progress in gender-affirming care. The narrative navigates these obstacles, highlighting their complexities and emphasizing the urgent need for sustained medical advocacy and legislative reforms to foster an inclusive healthcare landscape. Ultimately, this narrative stands as a testament to the ongoing struggle and resilience within the realm of gender-affirming care, shedding light on its profound impact on individuals' lives, emphasizing the ongoing need for compassionate, comprehensive, and inclusive healthcare practices.