bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Dielectric Mixing Model Accounting for Soil Organic Matter
Authors: Park Chang‐Hwan , Montzka Carsten , Jagdhuber Thomas , Jonard François , De Lannoy Gabrielle , Hong Jinkyu , Jackson Thomas J. , Wulfmeyer Volker 
Published: October 2019

Core Ideas
In the proposed model, the wilting point and porosity are a function of organic matter.
In organic‐rich soil, the model improves accuracy of the microwave radiative transfer model.
The model is applicable for both portable and satellite soil moisture sensors.

Most dielectric mixing models have been developed for mineral soils without extensive consideration of organic matter (OM). In addition, when used for in situ measurement, most of these models focus only on the real part of the effective dielectric constant without the corresponding imaginary part. Organic matter fractions in soils are found globally (57%), with an especially significant amount in the boreal region (17%). Without proper consideration of OM in dielectric mixing models and subsequent microwave radiative transfer modeling, brightness temperature (TB) calculations may be erroneous. This would lead to uncertainties in the estimation of higher level products, such as soil moisture retrievals from portable soil moisture sensors (e.g., time‐domain reflectometers) or passive microwave sensors onboard the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP), Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS), and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR2) satellites. We incorporated OM into a dielectric mixing model by adjusting the wilting point and porosity according to the OM content, i.e., the effective soil dielectric constant decreases with higher OM due to a decrease in the fraction of free water and an increase in bound water. With the proposed soil parameters in the dielectric mixing model, high levels of OM increase the TB for a specific soil moisture by decreasing the microwave effective dielectric constant. The simulated TB better reproduced SMAP‐observed TB (11% in RMSE) through the improvement of the effective dielectric constant (40% reduction in RMSE). We anticipate that the application of our approach can improve microwave‐based surface soil moisture retrievals in areas with high OM.
Dissolution of poorly soluble uranyl phosphate phases in the Metaautunite Subgroup under uranyl peroxide cage cluster forming conditions
Authors: Lobeck Haylie L. , Balboni Enrica , Parker Connor J. , Kohlgruber Tsuyoshi A. , Xu Mengyu , Boukdad Sara , Ridder Henry M. , Traustason Hrafn , Isner Jordan K. , Dzik Ewa A. , Burns Peter C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Uranyl phosphate minerals are widespread in uranium deposits and normally exhibit very low solubility in aqueous systems. Uranyl phosphates of the autunite group and metaautunite subgroup impact the mobility of uranium in the environment and have inspired groundwater remediation strategies that emphasize their low solubility. The importance of soluble uranium-bearing macro-anions, including nanoscale uranyl peroxide cage clusters, is largely unexplored relative to solubilization of normally low-solubility uranium minerals. Eight synthetic analogs of metaautunite subgroup minerals have been prepared and placed in various alkaline aqueous solutions containing hydrogen peroxide and tetraethylammonium hydroxide. Each uranyl phosphate studied has a topologically identical anionic sheet of uranyl square bipyramids and phosphate tetrahedra combined with various cations (Li+, Na+, K +, Rb+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+) and water in the interlayer. Uranyl peroxides formed under many of the experimental conditions examined, including solid studtite [(UO2)(O2)(H2O)2](H2O)2 and soluble uranyl peroxide cage clusters containing as many as 28 uranyl ions. Uranyl phosphate solids in contact with solutions in which uranyl peroxide cage clusters formed dissolved extensively or completely. The greatest dissolution of uranyl phosphates occurred in systems that contained cations with larger hydrated radii, Li+ and Na+. The details of the uranium speciation in solution depended on the pH and counter cations provided from the interlayers of the uranyl phosphate solids.
The Patenting and Technological Trends in Candidiasis Treatment: A Systematic Review (2014-2018)
Authors: Alves Izabel Almeida , Savi Flávia Medeiros , de Vasconcelos C. Braz Juliana , Quintans Junior Lucindo José , Serafini Mairim Russo 
Published: October 2019

Background:In the last few decades, mycoses caused by opportunistic fungi namely Candida species has gained significant attention. Such infections are very common and present high mortality rates, especially in immunocompromised patients. Currently, a limited number of antifungal drugs are available for the treatment of these infections and are also often related to severe adverse side effects. Therefore, new drugs and innovative technologies for the treatment of this infection are necessary.Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the development of new drugs, formulations, as well as patents for the treatment of infections caused by Candida spp.Methods:The present patent review was carried out through a specialized search database Espacenet. The patent selection was based on the following inclusion criteria: Recent patents published in English or Spanish containing candidiasis as the keyword in the title, abstract or full text. This survey was conducted in October and November 2018.Results:As a result of that, 22 patents were selected to the final selection, the most common routes of application were oral (n = 6), vaginal (n = 6), topical (n = 5) and others (n = 5). This fact is related to the clinical manifestations of candidiasis.Conclusion:Through this review, it was possible to identify significant improvements and advances in the area of antifungal therapeutic innovation research. In addition, we demonstrated the growing interest of academic and industrial groups in pharmaceutical development and novel formulations for the treatment of candidiasis. New therapeutic options can contribute to improve the quality of patient’s life, prevent infections and promote the search for an innovative and effective treatment of Candida infections.
Non-IgE Mediated Food Allergy
Authors: Cianferoni Antonella 
Published: October 2019

:Food allergies, defined as an immune response to food proteins, affect as many as 8% of young children and 2% of adults in western countries, and their prevalence appears to be rising like all allergic diseases. In addition to well-recognized urticaria and anaphylaxis triggered by IgE antibody– mediated immune responses, there is an increasing recognition of cell-mediated disorders, such as eosinophilic esophagitis and food protein–induced enterocolitis. Non-IgE-Mediated gastrointestinal food allergies are a heterogeneous group of food allergies in which there is an immune reaction against food but the primary pathogenesis is not a production of IgE and activation of mast cells and basophils.:Those diseases tend to affect mainly the gastrointestinal tract and can present as acute (FPIES) or chronic reaction, such as Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), Food Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis (FPIAP). The role of food allergy in Non-EoE gastrointestinal Eosinophilic disorders (Non- EoE EGID) is poorly understood.:In some diseases like EoE, T cell seems to play a major role in initiating the immunological reaction against food, however, in FPIES and FPIAP, the mechanism of sensitization is not clear.:Diagnosis requires food challenges and/or endoscopies in most of the patients, as there are no validated biomarkers that can be used for monitoring or diagnosis of Non-IgE mediated food allergies.:The treatment of Non-IgE food allergy is dependent on diet (FPIES, and EoE) and/or use of drugs (i.e. steroids, PPI) in EoE and Non-EoE EGID.:Non-IgE mediated food allergies are being being investigated.
Evaluation of the Status of Salivary Antioxidants in Dental Caries
Authors: Hendi Seyedeh Sareh , Goodarzi Mohammad Taghi , Moghimbeigi Abbas , Ahmadi-Motamayel Fatemeh 
Published: October 2019

Background and Aim:
Dental caries is a communicable and the most prevalent infectious
disease worldwide. Salivary oxidative stress and antioxidants may play a pivotal role
in caries prevention, progression and pathogenesis. In this study, salivary superoxide dismutase,
peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and uric acid levels were evaluated in dental caries.

Material and Method:
One hundred male and female students in two groups (n=50) were subdivided
into caries-active and caries-free (25) groups. Whole saliva samples were collected in the
morning, and the salivary antioxidant levels were measured by a spectrophotometric assay. The
data were analyzed using SPSS.

Results:
The caries-active group had higher peroxidase, uric acid, catalase and glutathione peroxidase
levels, and lower superoxide dismutase level as compared to the caries-free group. The comparison
between males and females showed lower peroxidase, catalase and uric acid levels and
higher glutathione peroxidase levels in the female group.

Conclusion:
The caries-active group had altered salivary antioxidant levels. Therefore, it was
concluded that salivary antioxidants have significant effects on oral and dental health.
Recent Patents on Abnormal Hydrodynamic Thrust Slider Bearings: Part II-the Second Mode of the Bearings
Authors: Zhang Yongbin , Cheng Huansheng , Wang Junyan 
Published: October 2019

Background:
As a successive part, the paper introduces the second mode of abnormal hydrodynamic
thrust slider bearings with divergent surface separations registered in the patents, where the
boundary slippage is artificially designed both on the stationary surface in the inlet zone and on the
whole moving surface.

Objective :
To introduce a second method for artificially designing the boundary slippage for the formation
of abnormal hydrodynamic thrust slider bearings.

Methods:
The analytical results are presented for the introduced bearings. The performances of the
bearings are demonstrated.

Result: :
In appropriate operating conditions, the introduced bearings can have considerable loadcarrying
capacities with low friction coefficients on the scales 10-3 or 10-4. With the weakening of the
boundary slippage on the moving surface, the load-carrying capacities of the bearings are all increased,
while the friction coefficients of the bearings are all reduced.

Conclusion:
When the boundary slippage is present both on the stationary surface in the bearing inlet
zone and on the whole moving surface, abnormal hydrodynamic thrust slider bearings can be designed
with the surface separation in the bearing inlet zone lower than that in the bearing outlet zone. The performances
of these bearings are quite satisfactory.
Longitudinal Risk Prediction of Chronic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients using Temporal-Enhanced Gradient Boosting Machine: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Song Xing , Waitman Lemuel Russ , Yu Alan SL , Robbins David C , Hu Yong , Liu Mei 
Published: October 2019

Background
Artificial intelligence–enabled electronic health record (EHR) analysis can revolutionize medical practice from diagnosis and prediction of complex diseases to making recommendations in patient care, especially for chronic conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is one of the most frequent complications in patients with diabetes and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality.

Objective
Longitudinal prediction of health outcome requires effective representation of temporal data in EHR. In this study, we proposed a novel temporal-enhanced gradient boosting machine (GBM) model that dynamically updates and ensembles learners based on new events in patient timelines to improve the prediction accuracy of CKD among patients with diabetes.

Methods
Using a broad spectrum of deidentified EHR data on a retrospective cohort of 14,039 adult patients with type 2 diabetes and GBM as the base learner, we validated our proposed Landmark-Boosting model against three state-of-the-art temporal models for rolling predictions of 1-year CKD risk.

Results
The proposed model uniformly outperformed other models, achieving an area under receiver operating curve of 0.83 (95% CI 0.76-0.85), 0.78 (95% CI 0.75-0.82), and 0.82 (95% CI 0.78-0.86) in predicting CKD risk with automatic accumulation of new data in later years (years 2, 3, and 4 since diabetes mellitus onset, respectively). The Landmark-Boosting model also maintained the best calibration across moderate- and high-risk groups and over time. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed temporal model can not only accurately predict 1-year CKD risk but also improve performance over time with additionally accumulated data, which is essential for clinical use to improve renal management of patients with diabetes.

Conclusions
Incorporation of temporal information in EHR data can significantly improve predictive model performance and will particularly benefit patients who follow-up with their physicians as recommended.
EVALUATION OF ANTIPROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF SIDDHA ANTI-PSORIATIC FORMULATION PANCHAMUGA CHENDHURAM USING CULTURED HUMAN KERATINOCYTE CELL LINES
Authors: RAJALAKSHMI S  , RAMYA VT  , SAMRAJ K  
Published: October 2019

Objectives: This study was aimed at scientifically evaluating the in vitro antipsoriatic activity of Siddha drug Panchamuga Chendhuram (PMC) in human keratinocyte (HacaT) cell lines.
Methods: The Siddha drug PMC tested for antipsoriatic activity on HacaT cell lines was morphologically examined by phase contrast microscopy, and the cell viability was determined by 3- (4, 5 dimethyl thiazole-2 yl) -2.5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. About 100 μl of different concentrations (2, 6, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 μg/ml) of the test samples were prepared in the cell culture medium and incubated for 24 h and 48 h to determine the viable cells.
Results: The results revealed that Siddha drug PMC showed hopeful antiproliferative activity. In vitro studies showed that after 24 h and 48 h incubation, the inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) values of PMC (IC50 20 μg/ml) were 72.08±27.56 μg/ml and 43.91±17.71 μg/ml, respectively, as compared with Asiaticoside as a positive control with an IC50 value of 20.13 μg/ml.
Conclusion: Thus, this study provides scientific evidence about the efficacy of the Siddha drug PMC against the HacaT cell lines confirming its traditional use in psoriasis treatment and also emphasizes the need for antipsoriatic evaluation in animal models.
The IN VITRO STUDY OF APOPTOSIS INDUCTION BY L-ASPARAGINASE OF ASPERGILLUS FUMIGATUS (ASPF-6) ON HUMAN LEUKEMIA CELL LINES
Authors: VIPINA R  , VIJAYA CHITRA A  
Published: October 2019

Objective: L-Asparaginase is a relatively widespread enzyme used in the lymphoblastic leukemia chemotherapy. In the present investigation, we report new potential fungal L-asparaginase producer Aspergillus fumigatus from Kadalundi mangrove forest, Kerala. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the concentration-dependent cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing the effect of extracted enzyme and its ability to induce apoptosis against human leukemia cell lines-HL-60.
Methods: The fungal strain was isolated by serial dilution method from rhizosphere soil of mangrove forest. The isolated enzyme purified by 80% ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis, and ion exchange chromatography. To determine cytotoxicity and level of apoptosis, three different tests were performed: (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, JC-1 flow cytometry, and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometric DNA fragmentation. The test compound efficiency compared with positive drug doxorubicin against HL-60 cell lines.
Results: The test compound exhibited a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect on proliferation of HL-60 cell lines (IC-50 12.39 U) with a different level of apoptosis induction (LR-11.3%).
Conclusion: A. fumigatus derived L-asparaginase may be clinically useful and results in better utilization for limited fungal-derived drug resources and improve financial feasibility as a therapeutic option for human leukemia.
The TO STUDY ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM VARIOUS SKIN SAMPLES
Authors: NEHA  , BHARTI MITTU  , ZARINA BEGUM  , HARJOT PAL KAUR  
Published: October 2019

Objective: The study was carried out to check the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Staphylococcus aureus.
Methods: In this study for the isolation of strain, skin swabs from different parts of the body were taken aseptically with the set protocol. The sensitivity patterns of S. aureus were explored with different antibiotics for the treatment of S. aureus infections. We have studied the susceptibility pattern of various antibiotics including present all line therapies and other antibiotics using disk-diffusion method.
Results: It has been found that bacteria show the highest sensitivity toward third-line antibiotic tetracycline, trimethoprim, and minocycline. The different concentrations of these antibiotics were used to check the minimum inhibitory concentration and found to be effective even at the lower concentration of 0.01 mcg/disc. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration of each antibiotic has been calculated to find the most effective antibiotic at low concentration. The isolates are found to be highly resistant toward ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and cefotaxime.
Conclusion: The research concluded that the bacteria S. aureus are found to be more sensitive for chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and trimethoprim in first-line antibiotics, second-line antibiotics, and third-line antibiotics, respectively.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIULCER ACTIVITY OF ABRUS PRECATORIUS LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST ACETIC ACID-INDUCED GASTRIC ULCER IN RATS
Authors: LALITA NAGDA  , CHANDRA PRAKASH JOSHI  , JYOTI MENARIA  
Published: October 2019

Objective: The present study deals with the study of antiulcer activity of Abrus precatorius leaf extract in acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers was studied in rats.
Methods: In the present study, A. precatorius leaf extract was carried out in antiulcer activity against acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in rats. A. precatorius at doses of 150 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg were administered orally once daily for 10 days.
Results: It was found that extract significantly reduced ulcer index. The plant leaves made gastric anti-secretory effect by decreasing gastric volume and acidity. Then, gastric mucin was increased, which showed gastric cytoprotective effect. The plant showed the prevention effect of increased lipid peroxidation during ulceration by acetic acid. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes were enhanced during ulceration by this plant leaves.
Conclusion: Leaves of A. precatorius Linn. could decrease acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats and this antiulcerogenic activity was mediated through antioxidant defense mechanism.
MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE POTENTIATES THE CONTRACTION OF THE VISCERAL SMOOTH MUSCLE OF DUODENUM BY AUGMENTING THE ACTIVITY OF INTRINSIC CHOLINERGIC EFFERENTS, INDUCING OXIDATIVE STRESS AND PROLIFERATING SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS
Authors: SURAIYA PARVIN  , PARTHA PRATIM NATH  , MOUSUMI DUTTA  , MUKTI MONDAL  , ASHMA KHATUN  , SANGHAMITRA PAL  , MAHUA GUHA ROY  , GOUTAM PAUL  
Published: October 2019

Objective: The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on the contraction of visceral smooth muscle (VSM) of the duodenum in a rat model to understand the MSG-induced impairment of the function of the small intestine.
Methods: Male albino rats of Charles Foster strain were exposed with MSG at three different dosages (632, 1264, and 2528 mg/kg BW/day) for 30-day duration. The records of the contraction of the duodenum were achieved with isotonic transducer (IT-2245) coupled with RMS-Polyrite D by our standard laboratory protocol.
Results: We have observed potentiation of contraction of duodenum ex vivo dose-dependently in MSG exposed groups of rats compared to control. Furthermore, the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in VSM tissue homogenate and expression of AChE protein in fixed duodenal muscle cell layers have been decreased in a dosage response manner comparing to control rats. We have found a significant decrease in the activities of some antioxidant enzymes such as Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-s-transferase, and increase in the level of malondialdehyde in MSG exposed VSM tissue homogenate of the duodenum. We have also observed thickening of muscularis externa layer and increase in the number of muscle cells in circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the duodenal wall in transverse duodenal wall sections stained with eosin-hematoxylin.
Conclusion: MSG potentiates the contraction of VSM of duodenum by augmenting the activity of intrinsic cholinergic efferents predominantly, and inducing oxidative stress and proliferating smooth muscle cells.
DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF KRUPPEL LIKE FACTORS 6 AND ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT STUDY OF CINNAMIC ACID - AN IN SILICO APPROACH
Authors: JEMMY CHRISTY H  , SWETHA V  
Published: October 2019

Objective: Krüppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) is the significant member of a DNA binding proteins which mainly involved in the transcriptional regulation as well various promising cellular processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, cytokine signal-based inflammatory responses, and pluripotency activity of cells. Our computational studies involve KLF6 differential expression in breast cancer tissues based on web resources such as Oncomine and cBioportal.
Methods: Oncomine and TCGA data-based CBioportal were the databases used to explore the KLF6 expression, and KLF6 was underexpressed in many of the breast cancer tissues than normal breast tissues. Major breast cancer datasets such as Curtis and TCGA supported the clinical-pathological role of KLF6, mutational frequencies. Further prognosis analysis was carried out using Survexpress and it revealed the survival rate and risk group categorization. Thus, KLF6 was considered as a therapeutic target and natural compound cinnamic acid antagonistic efficacy was analyzed based on molecular docking and simulation studies.
Results: Systematic analysis of KLF6 gene expression in breast cancer would be helpful in exploring aspects of KLF6 as the potential drug target as well as prognostic disease marker identification. Molecular docking and dynamic study were carried out to evaluate the intermolecular interaction between the cinnamic acid and KLF6 and the docked complex stability after 5ns.
Conclusion: Thus, the computational study demonstrated the cinnamic acid role as an anticancer compound to combat the overexpression of KLF6 to combat cancer. Further, in vitro and in vivo studies need to be carried out to know the insights of antagonistic effect.