bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Late Gadolinium Enhancement in Predicting Life‐Threatening Arrhythmias in Heart Failure Patients With Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillators: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yue Ting , Chen Bing‐Hua , Wu Lian‐Ming , Xu Jian‐Rong , Pu Jun 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundThe presence of late gadolinium enhanced (LGE), which may enable better evaluation of myocardial impairment, would help predict the occurrence of life‐threatening arrhythmias and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients suffering from ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) patients and who underwent a process of implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD).PurposeTo evaluate the prognostic value of cardiac MR‐LGE for ICM and NICM patients with ICD.Study TypeSystematic review and meta‐analysis.PopulationA total of 33 studies of 3457 patients were included.Field Strength1. 5T and 3.0T, LGE.AssessmentPubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science were systematically searched for studies reporting LGE in ICM or NICM patients with ICD implantation with several kinds of endpoints: MACE, life‐threatening arrhythmia, cardiovascular mortality, and all‐cause mortality.Statistical TestsA meta‐analysis was performed using a random‐effects model to calculate odds ratios or standard mean differences (SMDs) for binary and continuous data.ResultsMR‐LGE was positive in 1923 (55.6%) of ICM and NICM patients. LGE‐present patients were more likely to have life‐threatening arrhythmia (odds ratio [OR]: 5.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.8–6.8), MACE (OR: 5.2; 95% CI: 3.8–6.9), cardiovascular mortality (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2–4.6), and all‐cause mortality (OR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.3–3.4) compared with those without LGE. Moreover, ICM and NICM patients with LGE both had increased life‐threatening arrhythmia (OR: 4.6; 95% CI: 2.7–8.0; OR: 5.2; 95% CI: 3.6–7.8, respectively) and MACE (OR: 4.7; 95% CI: 2.8–7.9; OR: 4.7; 95% CI: 2.7–8.1, respectively).Data ConclusionThe presence of MR‐LGE may worsen the prognosis for adverse cardiovascular events in both ICM and NIMC patients who benefit more from ICDs.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy Stage: 3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1422–1439.
Size of Medial Knee Osteophytes Correlates With Knee Alignment But Not With Coronal Laxity in Patients With Medial Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Ishii Yoshinori , Noguchi Hideo , Sato Junko , Ishii Hana , Ishii Ryo , Todoroki Koji , Ezawa Nobukazu , Toyabe Shin‐ichi 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe severity of osteoarthritis (OA) has been related to osteophyte size. However, the effects on osteophyte size of repeated and increased loading associated with joint laxity and varus misalignment remain unclear. We investigated these relationships in patients with medial knee OA and compared the performances of computed tomography (CT) and radiography for assessing osteophyte parameters. We examined knee joint alignment on radiographs and knee laxity using arthrometry in 191 patients with medial knee OA who were undergoing total knee arthroplasty. We also measured femur and tibia osteophyte distance (largest perpendicular distance from the cortical line to outer margin of the osteophyte) using radiography and CT, osteophyte areas (largest area surrounded by the outer margin of an osteophyte) by CT and determined the locations of the osteophytes in the femur and tibia by CT. We then analyzed the correlations between the variables using Spearman's rank correlation tests. Osteophyte sizes in the femur and tibia as determined by radiography (distance) or CT (distance and area) were positively correlated with the degree of varus alignment but not with medial or lateral laxity. There was also a significant correlation between maximum osteophyte distances measured by radiography and CT. The greatest number and the largest osteophytes were located in the posterior third of the femur and middle third of the tibia, respectively. Osteophyte size was correlated with preoperative knee alignment but not with knee laxity in patients with medial knee OA. Osteophyte size can be evaluated using conventional radiography, without the need for CT. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:639–644, 2020
An Exemplar Imidazoline Surfactant for Corrosion Inhibitor Studies: Synthesis, Characterization, and Physicochemical Properties
Authors: Kousar Kiran , Ljungdahl Thomas , Wetzel Alexander , Dowhyj Michael , Oskarsson Hans , Walton Alex S. , Walczak Monika S. , Lindsay Robert 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn optimized one‐pot recipe has been developed to synthesize a surfactant molecule, referred to as OMID, consisting of an imidazoline head group and aliphatic tail, which is an exemplar corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in acidic solutions. As evidenced by gas chromatography, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier‐transform infrared data, a high‐purity product was achieved without the use of either a solvent or catalyst. Critical micelle concentration values and corrosion inhibition efficiencies (
η%) were determined in aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid using surface tensiometry and linear polarization resistance measurements, respectively. Hydrolysis of the imidazoline head group as a function of pH (0–11) was explored with ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy. In addition, N 1s and C 1s X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy data were acquired from both surface‐adsorbed OMID and a multilayer of the imidazoline head group of OMID. These latter data are highly relevant to those attempting to understand OMID inhibition chemistry.
Assessment of emulsion gels formulated with chestnut (Castanea sativa M.) flour and chia (Salvia hispanica L) oil as partial fat replacers in pork burger formulation
Authors: Lucas‐González Raquel , Roldán‐Verdu Alba , Sayas‐Barberá Estrella , Fernández‐López Juana , Pérez‐Álvarez José A , Viuda‐Martos Manuel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this work was to evaluate the effect on chemical composition, physico‐chemical properties, cooking characteristics, fatty acid profile, lipid oxidation, and sensory acceptability of an oil‐in‐water emulsion gel that was prepared with chestnut flour, chia oil, gellan gum, and water (CEG), used as a fat replacer in pork burgers. The original mixture was used as a control sample (CS). The other samples were formulated partially replacing pork backfat with 5% of CEG (CEG5%) and 10% of CEG (CEG10%).RESULTSProximate analysis of samples showed several differences between samples. The CEG addition was found to be effective for improving the cooking yield while diameter reduction and thickness increase were positively affected. As regards lipid oxidation, in cooked burger, the 2‐thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values for CS, CEG5% and CEG10% were 0.46, 0.57, and 0.59 mg malonaldehyde/kg sample, respectively. The linolenic and linolenic acid content of pork burger increased as CEG addition increased. Sensory properties for CS and CEG5% were similar whereas CEG10% showed the highest sensory scores.CONCLUSIONSA combination of chestnut flour and chia oil could be used as a novel ingredient to develop pork burgers with a better nutritional profile without diminishing their sensory and physico‐chemical properties. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of partial replacement of dietary fish meal by bioprocessed plant protein concentrates on growth performance, hematology, nutrient digestibility and digestive enzyme activities in juvenile Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Damusaru Jim Hyacinth , Won Seonghun , Cho Seong‐Jun , Chang Kyung Hoon , Bai Sungchul C 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDBioprocessing of plant feedstuff can be a novel approach for reducing the overwhelming dependence on fish meal in aquaculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei fed solid‐state fermented protein concentrates in order to replace fish meal in the diet.RESULTSIn the first trial, a group of 15 shrimp (average 3.88 g) were randomly distributed into aquaria in triplicate according to the experimental diets. Ten isonitrogenous (400 g kg−1 CP) and isolipidic (90 g kg−1 CL) diets were formulated to contain high‐protein fish meal (HFM) and low‐protein fish meal (LFM), and four types of bioprocessed protein concentrates (BPCs) as a replacement of fish meal (BPC‐A, ‐B, ‐C and ‐D) each at 30% and 50% FM replacement levels. BPC‐A was a solid‐state fermented mixture of soybean and corn gluten meals; BPC‐B was pre‐treated acid‐hydrolyzed BPC‐A; BPC‐C and BPC‐D were BPC‐A + 2% shrimp soluble extract (SSE) and BPC‐B + 2% SSE, respectively. After 8 weeks, shrimp fed the HFM, BPC‐B, BPC‐C and BPC‐D diets showed significantly higher growth performance at 30% FM replacement than those of shrimp fed the BPC diets at 50% FM replacement. Interestingly, shrimp fed the BPC‐D diet could replace up to 50% FM replacement. In the second trial, the results show that apparent digestibility coefficients of feeds and apparent digestibility coefficients of ingredients for crude protein were significantly higher in fish fed the BPC‐B, BPC‐C and BPC‐D diets.CONCLUSIONSThe results demonstrated successful partial replacement of high‐protein fish meal using high‐quality fermented protein concentrates from plant sources. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Fine‐Scale Habitat Selection by Breeding White‐Tailed Ptarmigan in Colorado
Authors: Spear Shelley L. , Aldridge Cameron L. , Wann Gregory T. , Braun Clait E. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTSpecies distributions are influenced by climate and topography in alpine ecosystems, yet resource selection studies of alpine species are uncommon. Basic characteristics of habitats used by alpine‐endemic white‐tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucura) have been described to explain foraging behavior, morphology, and survival in many alpine regions; however, there is a lack of information about fine‐scale habitat selection for nesting and brood‐rearing, particularly in the southern extent of the species’ range. Few studies have tested whether nest and brood‐site selection by white‐tailed ptarmigan are influenced by fine‐scale components such as vegetation and arthropod communities. We assessed these fine‐scale habitat characteristics analyzing paired use‐available resource selection for nest (n = 61) and brood (n = 54) sites. We used conditional logistic regression for data collected in 2 alpine areas along the Front Range of Colorado, USA, during 2014 and 2015. We evaluated resource selection at larger (patch) and finer (nest site) scales. Nest‐site selection at the patch scale was best predicted by cover (%) of forage forbs, rock and gravel, and shrubs. Forage forb cover explained more variation in our top nest model at the patch scale when compared to models with specific vegetation species. Females placed their nests along elevational gradients but more so at lower elevations and selected for less graminoid cover at the nest‐site scale. Brood habitat selection at the patch level was influenced by cover (%) of rock and gravel and proximity to shrubs (m). Analysis of a subset of our brood data (n = 34) revealed females selected brood habitat that contained high arthropod abundance (e.g., Cicadellidae) over high vegetation cover, likely as a response to meet dietary requirements of chicks. Our results demonstrate how and where white‐tailed ptarmigan are currently selecting these different breeding sites in Colorado's alpine, giving us insight into consequences this alpine‐endemic bird may face if their breeding habitat is altered. © 2019 The Wildlife Society.
Grazing exclusion erodes the forbs functional group without altering offspring recruitment composition in a typical steppe
Authors: Zhao Ling‐Ping , Cui Zeng , Liu Yu , Chang Xiaofeng , Wu Gao‐Lin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe underlying mechanism of grazing exclusion on grassland community structure and dynamics may be determined by offspring recruitment. However, little is known about the role of plant functional groups in community recruitment. A chronosequence of grazing‐excluded grasslands was selected to analyze the aboveground community composition and offspring recruitment based on plant functional groups. Grazing exclusion significantly increased grasses biomass (111.7–480.7%), height (95.6–241.8%), and coverage (84.8–148.5%) and decreased grasses density (10.2–59.7%). Grazing exclusion eroded total species richness (13.2–25.0%) and forbs richness (16.6–39.4%). Grazing exclusion shifted the dominance from forbs to grasses. Grasses functional group (GFG) determined community structure, but forbs functional group (FFG) regulated species diversity in typical steppe. Clonal recruitment played a decisive role in the community regeneration, especially tiller recruit mode by GFG. Grazing exclusion had different effects on offspring recruitment of grasses and FFG. Total asexual, grasses asexual, and tiller offspring density both first significantly increased and then significantly decreased with grazing exclusion time. Forbs asexual offspring density did not significantly decrease in 10‐ and 20‐year grazing exclusion grasslands but significantly reduced after 30 years. Change in community dominance caused by grazing or grazing exclusion did not alter the tiller recruitment dominance in this area. Our results indicate that grazing exclusion presents a negative effect on community regeneration and biodiversity conservation in the studied typical steppe.
Post‐Pump Chorea and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy‐Like Syndrome Following Major Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Park Kye Won , Choi Nari , Ryu Ho‐Sung , Kim Ho Jin , Lee Chong S. , Chung Sun Ju 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundPost‐pump chorea and progressive‐supranuclear palsy (PSP)–like syndrome after aortic surgery are 2 distinct movement disorders following major cardiac surgeries.CasesWe herein report 3 patients with movement disorders that developed after major cardiac surgeries. Two patients developed post‐pump chorea after pulmonary endarterectomy, and 1 further case developed PSP‐like syndrome after aortic replacement surgery. The 2 conditions share several common aspects. Both are preceded by surgeries that undergo cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermia circulatory arrest procedures. Most cases present with biphasic course. However, post‐pump chorea occurs in all age populations after any surgeries that undergo deep hypothermia circulatory arrest, whereas PSP‐like syndrome is reported exclusively in the adult population after aortic surgery.ConclusionsPost‐pump chorea and PSP‐like syndrome are neurologic complications of major cardiac surgeries that should not be underrecognized. Further reports to establish their common pathogenic mechanism should be encouraged.
Functional Inhibitory Control Dynamics in Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Paz‐Alonso Pedro M. , Navalpotro‐Gomez I. , Boddy P. , Dacosta‐Aguayo R. , Delgado‐Alvarado M. , Quiroga‐Varela A. , Jimenez‐Urbieta H. , Carreiras M. , Rodriguez‐Oroz Maria C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundImpulse control disorders related to alterations in the mesocorticolimbic dopamine network occur in Parkinson's disease (PD). Our objective was to investigate the functional neural substrates of reward processing and inhibitory control in these patients.MethodsEighteen PD patients with impulse control disorders, 17 without this complication, and 18 healthy controls performed a version of the Iowa Gambling Task during functional magnetic resonance scanning under 3 conditions: positive, negative, and mixed feedback. Whole‐brain contrasts, regions of interest, time courses, functional connectivity analyses, and brain‐behavior associations were examined.ResultsPD patients with impulse control disorders exhibited hyperactivation in subcortical and cortical regions typically associated with reward processing and inhibitory control compared with their PD and healthy control counterparts. Time‐course analyses revealed that only PD patients with impulse control disorders exhibited stronger signal intensity during the initial versus final periods of the negative‐feedback condition in bilateral insula, and right ventral striatum. Interestingly, hyperactivation of all the examined right‐lateralized frontostriatal areas during negative feedback was positively associated with impulse control disorder severity. Importantly, positive associations between impulse control disorder severity and regional activations in the right insula and right inferior frontal gyrus, but not the right subthalamic nucleus, were mediated by functional connectivity with the right ventral striatum.ConclusionsDuring a reward‐based task, PD patients with impulse control disorders showed hyperactivation in a right‐lateralized network of regions including the subthalamic nucleus that was strongly associated with impulse control disorder severity. In these patients, the right ventral striatum in particular played a critical role in modulating the functional dynamics of right‐lateralized inhibitory‐control frontal regions when facing penalties. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Modulating the tumor microenvironment with new therapeutic nanoparticles: A promising paradigm for tumor treatment
Authors: Zhang Yinlong , Ho Shih‐Hsin , Li Bozhao , Nie Guangjun , Li Suping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo better make nanomedicine entering the clinic, developing new rationally designed nanotherapeutics with a deeper understanding of tumor biology is required. The tumor microenvironment is similar to the inflammatory response in a healing wound, the milieu of which promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Successful targeting of the microenvironmental components with effective nanotherapeutics to modulate the tumor microvessels or restore the homeostatic mechanisms in the tumor stroma will offer new hope for cancer treatment. We here highlight the progress in constructing nanotherapeutics to target or modulate the tumor microenvironment. We discuss the factors necessary for nanomedicines to become a new paradigm in cancer therapy, including the selection of drugs and therapeutic targets, controllable synthesis, and tempo‐spatial drug release.
A 300 GHz power‐combined frequency doubler based on E‐plane 90°‐hybrid and Y‐junction
Authors: Ding Jiang‐Qiao , Maestrini Alain , Gatilova Lina , Shi Sheng‐Cai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this article, a 300 GHz power‐combined frequency doubler using two chips in a single waveguide block is developed to acheive high power handling capability. Each doubler chip integrated with six diodes on a 5‐μm‐thick GaAs membrane is manufactured by the LERMA‐C2N Schottky process. In the power combining architecture, the input wave is split into two paths with a 90° relative phase shift by using a 90° hybrid coupler, and the in‐phase E‐field power combining between the output ports is provided by an E‐plane Y‐junction. This doubler can enjoy comparable performance of bandwidth and efficiency as the single‐chip version except with the twice input power handling. Partial results including ~8 mW output power and ~15% efficiency have been delivered in the band of 260‐310 GHz when pumping with 20‐60 mW input power, which indicates that this dual‐chip doubler can work availably. Such E‐plane power‐combined doubler can be further served to drive high‐power terahertz multiplier chains, and also pump multipixel heterodyne detectors.
On a virtual network functions placement and routing problem: Some properties and a comparison of two formulations
Authors: Addis Bernardetta , Carello Giuliana , Gao Meihui 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe mass diffusion of internet applications, both from computers and mobiles, has yielded to an increasing demand for network services with which the expensive and not flexible hardware appliances cannot keep up. On the other hand, computational capability has become available on the network nodes connected with computing servers and the cloud. This has suggested the network functions virtualization paradigm: services are provided on a software basis thus giving a flexible and cost effective response to the request for services. The network functions virtualization proposes challenging optimization problems such as the virtual network functions (VNFs) chaining problem, where service instances must be located on some network nodes and each demand must be routed through the services it requires. Most of the literature is currently focused on heuristic solutions, rather than on studying the problem properties or comparing approaches. With the aim of investigating the problem properties and comparing existing formulations, both from the theoretical and the numerical points of view, we consider a single service VNFs chaining problem, with different link and service capacities and the objective of minimizing the number of installed VNF instances.
Synthesis and Properties of Novel Side‐Chain Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone)s for Proton Exchange Membranes
Authors: Xiao Lei , Chen Xing , Xu Jingjing , Chen Kangcheng , Fang Jianhua 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTA series of novel side‐chain sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES) multiblock and random copolymers were synthesized by condensation polymerization from a new disulfonated aryl sulfone monomer, 4,4′‐difluoro‐2,2′‐bis(3‐sulfobenzoyl)diphenyl sulfone disodium salt (DFBSPS). The chemical structures of DFBSPS and the SPAESs were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The SPAES membranes prepared by solution cast method exhibited high tensile strength (50–71 MPa) and high radical oxidative stability. They could keep their morphology and maintain proton conductivities after hydrolysis test in 95 °C water for 1000 h. They also showed smaller swelling ratio in in‐plane direction than in through‐plane direction and such an anisotropic effect was more significant for the multiblock copolymers than for the random ones. The multiblock copolymer membranes exhibited higher proton conductivity than the random ones with similar ion exchange capacities (IECs). Preliminary hydrogen‐oxygen fuel cell tests were performed at 60 °C and 80% relative humidity (RH). The results showed that the single cell equipped with the multibiock copolymer membrane SB3 exhibited 0.12 W cm−2 higher maximum output power density than the one equipped with the random copolymer membrane SR3 (with the same IEC), indicating much better performance of the former. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2304–2313