bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum proteins may facilitate the identification of Kawasaki disease and promote in vitro neutrophil infiltration
Authors: Li Sung-Chou , Tsai Kuo-Wang , Huang Lien-Hung , Weng Ken-Pen , Chien Kuang-Jen , Lin Yuyu , Tu Chi-Ying , Lin Pei-Hsien 
Published: September 2020

AbstractKawasaki disease (KD) usually affects the children younger than 5 years of age and subsequently causes coronary artery lesions (CALs) without timely identification and treatment. Developing a robust and fast prediction method may facilitate the timely diagnosis of KD, significantly reducing the risk of CALs in KD patients. The levels of inflammatory serum proteins dramatically vary during the onsets of many immune diseases, including in KD. However, our understanding of their pathogenic roles in KD is behind satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate candidate diagnostic serum proteins and the potential mechanism in KD using iTRAQ gel-free proteomics. We enrolled subjects and conducted iTRAQ gel-free proteomics to globally screen serum proteins followed by specific validation with ELISA. Further in vitro leukocyte trans-endothelial model was also applied to investigate the pathogenesis roles of inflammatory serum proteins. We identified six KD protein biomarkers, including Protein S100-A8 (S100A8), Protein S100-A9 (S100A9), Protein S100-A12 (S100A12), Peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2), Neutrophil defensin 1 (DEFA1) and Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1). They enabled us to develop a high-performance KD prediction model with an auROC value of 0.94, facilitating the timely identification of KD. Further assays concluded that recombinant S100A12 protein treatment activated neutrophil surface adhesion molecules responsible for adhesion to endothelial cells. Therefore, S100A12 promoted both freshly clinically isolated neutrophils and neutrophil-like cells to infiltrate through the endothelial layer in vitro. Finally, the antibody against S100A12 may attenuate the infiltration promoted by S100A12. Our result demonstrated that evaluating S100A8, S100A9, S100A12, PRDX2, DEFA1 and ORM1 levels may be a good diagnostic tool of KD. Further in vitro study implied that S100A12 could be a potential therapeutic target for KD.
Rapid fabrication of sieved microwells and cross-flow microparticle trapping
Authors: Romita Lauren , Thompson Shyan , Hwang Dae Kun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe use of microwells is popular for a wide range of applications due to its’ simplicity. However, the seeding of conventional microwells, which are closed at the bottom, is restricted to gravitational sedimentation for cell or particle deposition and therefore require lengthy settling times to maximize well occupancy. The addition of microfluidics to the capture process has accelerated cell or particle dispersion and improved capture ability but is mostly limited to gravitationally-driven settling for capture into the wells. An alternative approach to conventional closed-microwells, sieved microwells supersedes reliance on gravity by using hydrodynamic forces through the open pores at the bottom of the microwells to draw targets into the wells. We have developed a rapid fabrication method, based on flow lithography techniques, which allows us to easily customize the mesh pore sizes in a simple two-step process. Finally, by combining this microwell design with cross-flow trapping in a microfluidic two-layered channel, we achieve an 88 ± 6% well occupancy in under 10 s.
A retrospective study on the incidence of acute kidney injury and its early prediction using troponin-I in cooled asphyxiated neonates
Authors: Mok Tze Yee Diane , Tseng Min-Hua , Lee Jin-Chiao , Chou Yu-Ching , Lien Reyin , Lai Mei-Yin , Lee Chien-Chung , Lin Jainn-Jim , Chou I-Jun , Lin Kuang-Lin , Chiang Ming-Chou 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of perinatal asphyxia and is associated with poorer short-term and long-term outcomes. This retrospective study describes the incidence of AKI in asphyxiated neonates who have received therapeutic hypothermia using the proposed modified Kidney Diseases: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition and investigates clinical markers that would allow earlier recognition of at-risk neonates. We included asphyxiated neonates who underwent therapeutic hypothermia between the period of January 2011 and May 2018 in our study. The serum creatinine levels within a week of birth were used in establishing AKI according to the modified KDIGO definition. Demographic data, resuscitation details, laboratory results and use of medications were collected and compared between the AKI and non-AKI groups to identify variables that differed significantly. A total of 66 neonates were included and 23 out of them (35%) were found to have AKI. The neonates with AKI had a lower gestational age (p = 0.006), lower hemoglobin level (p = 0.012), higher lactate level before and after therapeutic hypothermia (p = 0.013 and 0.03 respectively) and higher troponin-I level after therapeutic hypothermia (p < 0.001). After logistic regression analysis, elevated troponin-I after therapeutic hypothermia was independently associated with risk of AKI (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.067–2.699,p = 0.025). The receiver operating curve showed that troponin-I after therapeutic hypothermia had an area under curve of 0.858 at the level 0.288 ng/ml. Our study concludes that the incidence of AKI among asphyxiated newborns who received therapeutic hypothermia is 35% and an elevated troponin-I level after therapeutic hypothermia is independently associated with an increased risk of AKI in asphyxiated newborns.
Thyroid redox imbalance in adult Wistar rats that were exposed to nicotine during breastfeeding
Authors: Miranda Rosiane Aparecida , de Moura Egberto Gaspar , Soares Patrícia Novaes , Peixoto Thamara Cherem , Lopes Bruna Pereira , de Andrade Cherley Borba Vieira , de Oliveira Elaine , Manhães Alex C. , de Faria Caroline Coelho , Fortunato Rodrigo Soares , Lisboa Patricia Cristina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMaternal nicotine exposure causes several consequences in offspring phenotype, such as obesity and thyroid dysfunctions. Nicotine exposure can increase oxidative stress levels, which could lead to thyroid dysfunction. However, the mechanism by which nicotine exposure during breastfeeding leads to thyroid gland dysfunction remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the long-term effects of maternal nicotine exposure on redox homeostasis in thyroid gland, besides other essential steps for thyroid hormone synthesis in rats from both sexes. Lactating Wistar rats were implanted with osmotic minipumps releasing nicotine (NIC, 6 mg/kg/day) or saline (control) from postnatal day 2 to 16. Offspring were analyzed at 180-day-old. NIC males showed lower plasma TSH, T3 and T4 while NIC females had higher T3 and T4. In thyroid, NIC males had higher sodium-iodide symporter protein expression, whereas NIC females had higher thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHr) and thyroperoxidase (TPO) protein expression. TPO activity was lower in NIC males. Hydrogen peroxide generation was decreased in NIC males. Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase were compromised in NIC animals from both sexes. 4-Hydroxynonenal was higher only in NIC females, while thiol was not affected in NIC animals from both sexes. NIC offspring also had altered expression of sex steroid receptors in thyroid gland. Both sexes showed similar thyroid morphology, with lower follicle and colloid size. Thyroid from female offspring exposed to nicotine during breastfeeding developed oxidative stress, while the male gland seemed to be protected from redox damage. Thyroid dysfunctions seem to be associated with redox imbalance in a sex-dependent manner.
Prevalence and associated factors of hyperuricemia among urban adults aged 35–79 years in southwestern China: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Xiao-Bo , Zhang Wen-Qiang , Tang Wei-Wei , Liu Ya , Ning Yuan , Huang Chuan , Liu Jian-Xiong , Yi Yan-Jing , Xu Rong-Hua , Wang Tzung-Dau 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHyperuricemia is prevalent throughout the world. However, a well-designed large-scale epidemiological investigation of hyperuricemia in southwestern China is lacking. A regional representative sample of 10,141 participants were included using multistage, stratified sampling in Chengdu and Chongqing from September 2013 to March 2014. Hyperuricemia was defined as the self-reported of the doctor's diagnosis of hyperuricemia, or serum uric acid > 420 μmol/L in men or serum uric acid > 360 μmol/L in women. The overall age- and sex-standardized prevalence of hyperuricemia among adults aged 35–79 years was 13.5%. Compared with women, the prevalence of hyperuricemia in men was higher (17.3% versus 10.0%). Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, overweight or obesity, central obesity were associated with an increased risk for hyperuricemia both in men and in women. Married men and women were not susceptible to hyperuricemia. Current cigarette smoking was an associated risk factor of hyperuricemia only in women. Hyperuricemia has become a major health problem among urban adults aged 35–79 years in southwestern China, and special attention should be paid to men. Comorbidities associated with hyperuricemia and causality worth further investigation.
Enhanced ion–cavity coupling through cavity cooling in the strong coupling regime
Authors: Christoforou Costas , Pignot Corentin , Kassa Ezra , Takahashi Hiroki , Keller Matthias 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIncorporating optical cavities in ion traps is becoming increasingly important in the development of photonic quantum networks. However, the presence of the cavity can hamper efficient laser cooling of ions because of geometric constraints that the cavity imposes and an unfavourable Purcell effect that can modify the cooling dynamics substantially. On the other hand the coupling of the ion to the cavity can also be exploited to provide a mechanism to efficiently cool the ion. In this paper we demonstrate experimentally how cavity cooling can be implemented to improve the localisation of the ion and thus its coupling to the cavity. By using cavity cooling we obtain an enhanced ion–cavity coupling of $$2\pi \times (16.7\pm 0.1)$$

2
π
×
(
16.7
±
0.1
)

MHz, compared with $$2\pi \times (15.2\pm 0.1)$$

2
π
×
(
15.2
±
0.1
)

MHz when using only Doppler cooling.
Immune cell composition in normal human kidneys
Authors: Park Jun-Gyu , Na Myeongsu , Kim Min-Gang , Park Su Hwan , Lee Hack June , Kim Dong Ki , Kwak Cheol , Kim Yon Su , Chang Sunghoe , Moon Kyung Chul , Lee Dong-Sup , Han Seung Seok 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn understanding of immunological mechanisms in kidney diseases has advanced using mouse kidneys. However, the profiling of immune cell subsets in human kidneys remains undetermined, particularly compared with mouse kidneys. Normal human kidneys were obtained from radically nephrectomised patients with urogenital malignancy (n = 15). Subsequently, human kidney immune cell subsets were analysed using multicolor flow cytometry and compared with subsets from C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice under specific pathogen-free conditions. Twenty kidney sections from healthy kidney donors or subjects without specific renal lesions were additionally analysed by immunohistochemistry. In human kidneys, 47% ± 12% (maximum 63%) of immune cells were CD3+ T cells. Kidney CD4+ and CD8+ T cells comprised 44% and 56% of total T cells. Of these, 47% ± 15% of T cells displayed an effector memory phenotype (CCR7− CD45RA− CD69−), and 48% ± 19% were kidney-resident cells (CCR7− CD45RA− CD69+). However, the proportions of human CD14+ and CD16+ myeloid cells were approximately 10% of total immune cells. A predominance of CD3+ T cells and a low proportion of CD14+ or CD68+ myeloid cells were also identified in healthy human kidney sections. In mouse kidneys, kidney-resident macrophages (CD11blow F4/80high) were the most predominant subset (up to 50%) but the proportion of CD3+ T cells was less than 20%. These results will be of use in studies in which mouse results are translated into human cases under homeostatic conditions or with disease.
Influence of temperature on the electrochemical window of boron doped diamond: a comparison of commercially available electrodes
Authors: McLaughlin Maeve H. S. , Corcoran Emma , Pakpour-Tabrizi Alexander C. , de Faria Débora Campos , Jackman Richard B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis work compares the electrochemical windows of polished and unpolished boron doped diamond (BDD) electrodes with hydrogen and oxygen terminations at a series of temperatures up to 125 °C. The experiment was run at 5 bar pressure to avoid complications due to bubble formation. An alternative method for determining the electrochemical window is compared to the most commonly used method, which defines the window at an arbitrary current density cut-off (Jcut-off) value. This arbitrary method is heavily influenced by the mass transport of the electrolyte and cannot be used to compare electrodes across literature where different Jcut-off values have been used. A linear fit method is described which is less affected by the experimental conditions in a given measurement system. This enables a more accurate comparison of the relative electrochemical window from various diamond electrode types from reported results. Through comparison of polished and unpolished BDD electrodes, with hydrogen and oxygen surface terminations, it is determined that the electrochemical window of BDD electrodes narrows as temperature increases; activation energies are reported.
The effect of different anaesthetics on echocardiographic evaluation of diastolic dysfunction in a heart failure with preserved ejection fraction model
Authors: Cuijpers Ilona , Carai Paolo , Mendes-Ferreira Pedro , Simmonds Steven J. , Mulder Paul , Miranda-Silva Daniela , De Giorgio Daria , Pokreisz Peter , Heymans Stephane , Jones Elizabeth A. V. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is currently untreated. Therapeutics development demands effective diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction in animal models mimicking human pathology, which requires appropriate anaesthetics. Here, we investigated which anaesthetic, ketamine/xylazine or isoflurane, could be used to reveal diastolic dysfunction in HFpEF-diseased obese ZSF1 rats by echocardiography. First, diastolic dysfunction was confirmed by pressure-volume loops in obese compared to lean control ZSF1 rats. In echocardiography, ketamine/xylazine, unlike isoflurane, was able to demonstrate impaired relaxation in obese ZSF1 rats, as reflected by impaired early (E) and late (A) filling peak velocities, decreased E/A ratio, and a prolonged deceleration and isovolumic relaxation time. Interestingly, ketamine/xylazine induced a wider separation of both tissue and pulsed wave Doppler-derived echocardiographic waves required for diastolic dysfunction diagnosis, potentially by reducing the heart rate (HR), while isoflurane resulted in merged waves. To assess whether HR-lowering alone explained the differences between the anaesthetics, echocardiography measurements under isoflurane with and without the HR-lowering drug ivabradine were compared. However, diastolic dysfunction could not be diagnosed in ivabradine-treated obese ZSF1 rats. In summary, ketamine/xylazine compared to isoflurane is the anaesthetic of choice to detect diastolic dysfunction by echocardiography in rodent HFpEF, which was only partly mediated by HR-lowering.
Photon leaking or very hard ionizing radiation? Unveiling the nature of He II-emitters using the softness diagram
Authors: Pérez-Montero E. , Kehrig C. , Vílchez J. M. , García-Benito R. , Duarte Puertas S. , Iglesias-Páramo J. 
Published: September 2020

Aims. Star-forming galaxies with nebular He II emission contain very energetic ionizing sources of radiation, which can be considered as analogs to the major contributors of the reionization of the Universe in early epochs. It is therefore of great importance to provide a reliable absolute scale for the equivalent effective temperature (T*) for these sources.
Methods. We study a sample of local (z <  0.2) star-forming galaxies showing optical nebular He II emission using the so-called softness diagrams, involving emission lines of two elements in two consecutive stages of ionization (e.g., [S II]/[S III] vs. [O II]/[O III]). We use for the first time the He I/He II ratio in these diagrams in order to explore the higher range of T* expected in these objects, and to investigate the role of possible mechanisms driving the distribution of galaxy points in these diagrams. We build grids of photoionization models covering different black-body temperatures, model cluster atmospheres, and density-bounded geometries to explain the conditions observed in the sample.
Results. We verified that the use of the softness diagrams including the emission-line ratio He I/He II combined with black-body photoionization models can provide an absolute scale of T* for these objects. The application of a Bayesian-like code indicates T* in the range 50−80 kK for the sample of galaxies, with a mean value higher than 60 kK. The average of these high temperature values can only be reproduced using cluster model populations with nearly metal-free stars, although such ionizing sources cannot explain either the highest T* values, beyond 1σ, or the dispersion observed in the softness diagrams. According to our photoionization models, most sample galaxies could be affected to some extent by ionizing photon leaking, presenting a mean photon absorption fraction of 26% or higher depending on the metallicity assumed for the ionizing cluster. The entire range of He I/He II, [S II]/[S III], and [O II]/[O III] ratios for these HeII-emitting galaxies is reproduced with our models, combining nearly metal-free ionizing clusters and photon leaking under different density-bounded conditions.
Das verspätete Tako-Tsubo-Syndrom – Ein kritischer perioperativer Zwischenfall
Authors: Speer Tillmann , Fiege Marko , Fastner Christian 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungEinleitung Das Tako-Tsubo-Syndrom (TTS) beschreibt eine transiente ventrikuläre Dysfunktion. Symptome und Komplikationsrate ähneln denen eines Myokardinfarkts.Anamnese Eine 81-jährige Patientin wurde zur Thrombendarteriektomie der linken Femoralarterie aufgenommen. Kurz zuvor war ein biologischer Aortenklappenersatz durchgeführt und eine koronare Herzkrankheit ausgeschlossen worden.Narkoseeinleitung und klinischer Befund Nach Narkoseeinleitung kam es zu einer relevanten arteriellen Hypotonie und Sinusbradykardie. Nach Katecholamin-Gabe zeigten sich transient angehobene ST-Strecken, welche postoperativ eine Myokardinfarkt-ähnliche Dynamik entwickelten. Echokardiografisch und in den kardialen Enzymen waren initial keine Auﬀälligkeiten zu beobachten.Therapie, Verlauf und Diagnose Nach einem symptomfreien Intervall entwickelte die Patienten am dritten postoperativen Tag unvermittelt eine schwere kardiale Dekompensation. Nun war das Vollbild eines TTS zu erkennen. Unter Therapie mit Levosimendan gelang eine Stabilisierung des klinischen Zustands.Folgerung Dynamische EKG-Veränderungen in der perioperativen Situation erfordern stets eine diﬀerenzierte Diagnostik und ggf. eine längere Überwachung. Das TTS ist hierbei eine relevante und komplikationsbehaftete Diﬀerenzialdiagnose.
CARD-Studie – Bedeutung für die Therapie des fortgeschrittenen Prostatakarzinoms
Authors: Merseburger Axel S. , Bannowsky Andreas , Becker Klaus , Bokemeyer Carsten , Eichenauer Rolf , Lehmann Jan , Mickisch Gerald , Steuber Thomas , von Amsberg Gunhild , von Kügelgen Tobias , Wülfing Christian 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Für die Behandlung des metastasierten kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinoms (mCRPC) stehen verschiedene lebensverlängernde Therapieoptionen zur Verfügung.
Fragestellung Die Therapiesequenz beim mCRPC wird seit Jahren diskutiert. Mit den finalen Ergebnissen der CARD-Studie stehen wichtige prospektive Daten zur Verfügung, um mehr Klarheit in die Diskussion um die Therapiesequenz zu bringen.
Material und Methode CARD ist eine randomisierte Phase IV-Studie bei Patienten mit mCRPC, die bereits mit Docetaxel und einer gegen den Androgenrezeptor gerichteten Substanz (ARTA) vorbehandelt waren. In der Studie zeigten sich signifikanten Wirksamkeitsvorteile zugunsten der Weiterbehandlung mit Cabazitaxel versus eine zweite ARTA-Therapie. Die Studienergebnisse werden dargelegt und im Kontext früherer Studiendaten hinsichtlich ihrer Bedeutung für den klinischen Alltag diskutiert.
Ergebnisse Die CARD-Studiendaten bestätigen Cabazitaxel als wirksame Therapieoption beim mCRPC für Patienten, die bereits mit Docetaxel und einer ARTA vorbehandelt sind. Eine Therapie mit Cabazitaxel war sicher durchführbar. Die Studienergebnisse bestätigen die Kreuzresistenz zwischen den beiden ARTAs Abiraterone und Enzalutamid.
Schlussfolgerungen Bei für eine Chemotherapie geeigneten Patienten mit mCRPC sollte die Therapiesequenz so gewählt werden, dass die Patienten auch Cabazitaxel erhalten. Eine direkte Therapiesequenz mit zwei ARTAs sollte vermieden werden, oder zumindest nur bei Kontraindikationen von anderen Subtanzen erwogen werden.
Patienten – Partner im medizinischen
Entscheidungsprozess
Authors: Häfner Steffen , Doering Thorsten , Gil Francisco Pedrosa 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Problem Compliance kann von einem anderen Standpunkt aus und mit anderer
Gewichtung und Zielsetzung einen neuen Namen bekommen:
„Entscheidungspartizipation“ in der
Patienten-Arzt-Beziehung. In der angelsächsischen Literatur wird
neben anderen Empfehlungen dazu zunehmend der Begriff der
„Concordanz“ angeboten.Compliance wurde lange kritisiert als Synonym für Gehorsam –
„die Befolgung der Anordnungen des Arztes”. Auch wenn viele
Forscher und Praktiker sorgsam versucht haben, diesen Ausdruck zu vermeiden,
implizieren die Alternativen – „Adherence“ oder
„Cooperation” – auch nicht sehr andere Bedeutungen
als „Compliance“. David Sackett hat 1976 in seiner damals
bahnbrechenden Publikation „Compliance with Therapeutic
Regimes“, den Weg beschrieben, neue Aspekte der
Patienten-Arzt-Beziehung zu eröffnen. In dieser Publikation klingen
einfühlsame Ideen an wie die „angepaßte
übereinstimmende Therapie” und die „Notwendigkeit
einer fehlerfreien Annäherung“ in der therapeutischen
Beziehung.Die Auseinandersetzung mit Compliance führte zur Folgerung: Es sollte
mehr Zeit darauf verwendet werden, nicht nur festzustellen, welches das
beste Medikament für eine bestimmte Erkrankung ist, sondern auch
welches das beste Medikament für ein bestimmtes Individuum mit
seinem besonderen Lebensstil und Vorlieben ist. Das Konzept der Concordance
setzt einen offenen Austausch von Informationen, Ansichten, Vorerfahrungen
und den Willen zur Kooperation voraus.Durch „Coaching“ und eine „nicht bewertende
Einstellung“ des Arztes ist es wahrscheinlicher, dass Patienten die
Einnahmegewohnheiten ihrer Medikamente oder Durchführung anderer
verordneter Maßnahmen ehrlich beschreiben. Den Patienten als
„Entscheidenden“ zu sehen, als denjenigen, der die
Entscheidung (mit) trifft, ist ein grundsätzlicher Schritt von der
Richtung des Compliancemodells weg.
Zum Balint-Journal Juni 2020
Authors: Baur Wolfgang 
Published: September 2020

Das Balint-Journal Juni 2020 hat für mich eine besondere Bedeutung.Einerseits ist der ausführliche Rückblick von Rita Kielhorn zu ihrer
Geschichte, aber auch zu der Geschichte der Balintbewegung, ein einfühlsamer
Rückblick auf ihre Balintsozialisation und erinnert dann auch an die eigenen
Erfahrungen, wie man zur Balintgruppenarbeit und schließlich auch zur
Gruppenleitung gekommen ist.