bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forgotten Perfumery Plants – Part I: Balm of Judea
Authors: Bouville Anne‐Sophie , Erlich Guy , Azoulay Stéphane , Fernandez Xavier 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPerfumes have always been products of great importance, mainly composed of natural, valuable and vegetal raw materials. Today, some of them have completely disappeared in perfumery, even though they are part of our cultural heritage and were commonly used in the past. Balm of Judea is one of the most noble, rare and fascinating ingredient long used in perfumery and medicine, that is missing today. After years of research, we collected a resin and an essential oil (steam distillation of fresh aerial parts) fromCommiphora gileadensis(L.) C.Chr. native from Saudi Arabia and cultivated in Israel. The aims of this study were to i) identify the main reasons of the loss of the balm of Judea, ii) characterize the volatile composition of the resin and the essential oil and iii) evaluate their olfactory profile and assess their biological activity. Eighty‐three compounds were identified in the resin, by a combination of GC‐MS and GC/FID techniques, using direct injection and HS‐SPME.α‐Pinene (24.0 %), sabinene (43.8 %),β‐pinene (6.3 %) and cymene (3.6 %) were the main identified compounds, giving an intense, terpenic and lemony smell to the resin. Anti‐inflammatory, wound‐healing and whitening activities were highlighted. Sabinene (22.7 %), terpinen‐4‐ol (18.7 %),α‐pinene (14.4 %) and cymene (13.6 %) were identified as the main components of the essential oil, giving a spicy, woody and lemony fragrance. Anti‐inflammatory and whitening activities were emphasized.
Distal C‐terminus of Cav1.2 is indispensable for the chondrogenic differentiation of rat dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Ju Yanqin , Ren Xudong , Zhao Shouliang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe α1 subunit (Cav1.2) of the L‐type calcium channel (LTCC), which is presently existing in both excitatory cells and non‐excitatory cells, is involved in the differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), MSCs derived from dental pulp, exhibit multipotent characteristics similar to those of MSCs. The aim of the present study was to examine the contribution of Cav1.2 and its distal C‐terminus (DCT) to the commitment of rat DPSCs (rDPSCs) toward chondrocytes and adipocytes in vitro. The expression of Cav1.2 was obviously elevated in chondrogenic differentiation but did not differ significantly in adipogenic differentiation. The chondrogenic differentiation but not adipogenic of rDPSCs was inhibited by either blocking LTCC using nimodipine or knockdown of Cav1.2 via short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Overexpression of DCT rescued the inhibition by Cav1.2‐shRNA during chondrogenic differentiation, indicating that DCT is essential for the chondrogenic differentiation of rDPSCs. However, the protein level of DCT decreased after chondrogenic differentiation in wild‐type cells, and overexpression of DCT in rDPSCs inhibited the phenotype. These data suggest that DCT is indispensable for chondrogenic differentiation of rDPSCs but that superfluous DCT inhibits this process. Through the analysis of differentially expressed genes using RNA‐seq data, we speculated that the regulation of DCT might be mediated by the mitogen‐activated protein kinase/extracellular‐regulated kinase and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase signaling pathways, or Chondromodulin‐1.
Dynamic Impedance Spectroscopy of Nickel Hexacyanoferrate Thin Films
Authors: Erinmwingbovo Collins , Koster Dominique , Brogioli Doriano , La Mantia Fabio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the Energy Storage and Conversion Systems’ Group of the University of Bremen (Germany). The cover picture shows the application of dynamic multi‐frequency analysis (DMFA) for studying the kinetics of nickel hexacyanoferrate thin film, which is unstable in its oxidized form. The image shows the two‐step intercalation mechanism for the deintercalation of univalent cations in nickel hexacyanoferrate thin film. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/celc.201900805.
Smart blood markers – how highlighters and cosmetics turn into forensic tools
Authors: Brezesinski Kirstin , Ducci Matthias 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIm Beitrag wird die geschichtliche Entwicklung von Nachweismethoden zur Blutdetektion exemplarisch erörtert. Anschließend werden Schulexperimente vorgestellt, bei denen der Blutnachweis mit Reagenzien durchgeführt wird, die aus einem Textmarkerfarbstoff sowie einem Badezusatz hergestellt werden können.
Closed‐form solutions to SEP integrals over generalized fading distributions η−μ and κ−μ using approximate computing
Authors: Aggarwal Supriya 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThe fading channels often involve complex expressions, when it comes to computing the integrals required for performance evaluation of various digital modulation schemes. In this paper, usefulness of exponential‐based approximations to the Gaussian‐Q function in computing these integrals is discussed. We present generic symbol error probability (SEP) expressions over η−μ and κ−μ fading distributions, which can be tailored for any digital modulation technique using different approximations. The resulting expressions thus obtained comprise only elementary mathematical functions thereby avoiding complex evaluations of hypergeometric functions. We explore all the exponential‐based approximations proposed till date and conclude that apart from being mathematically simple, they also lead to accurate expressions for performance analysis of various digital modulation schemes.
Large‐scale experiments of the borehole instability on shale formation influenced by drill pipe rotation
Authors: Sun Yuanwei , Meng Meng , Dai Xiaodong , Cheng Yuanfang , Wang Yanli , Dong Shuxin , Hao Yongchao , Peng Guowei 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWellbore instability happens mostly in the shale formation. Early researches have studied thoroughly on the physicochemical and mechanical mechanism that causes instability. However, only a few works have considered the influence of field drilling operations, such as drill pipe rotation. In this paper, a true triaxial cell is used to simulate the downhole field situations, and a drill pipe rotation device is innovatively designed and implemented into the true triaxial cell. Using this facility, the influence of drill pipe rotation on shale instability has been performed. Different rotation speed, weight on bit, drilling fluid pressure, and microcracks on borehole have been considered. The enlargement of the wellbore is quantitatively plotted and compared. Results show that the drill pipe rotation contributes to a more enlargement of the wellbore, and a higher rotation speed causes a more severe collapse. The drill string weight on bit also contributes to the enlargement of the wellbore, with a larger weight on bit induces a larger diameter of the collapsed wellbore. Compared with the rotation speed and weight on bit, the influence of drilling fluid density is relatively less significant. However, the influence of microcracks caused by hitting of drilling tools is profound. For a cracked shale formation, the wellbore diameter can be enlarged for more than 40%. Then, the variation of borehole collapse with time and depth under drill pipe rotation influence is analyzed. In all of these four factors, the significant sequence is microcracks > weight on bit > rotation speed > drilling fluid pressure. In all the collapse phenomena, the collapse is more severe in the minimum horizontal stress direction. This is explained by the analysis of the stress distribution in the whole circumferential angle (360°) of the wellbore. Overall, this work fills the gap of the influence of drilling operations on wellbore instability.
Classification of the tight oil reservoir storage space in the Raoyang Sag of the Jizhong Depression in the Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Chen Fangwen , Zheng Qiang , Lu Shuangfang , Ding Xue , Ju Yiwen , Zhao Hongqin 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo improve the precision of predicting sweet spots in tight oil reservoirs, the classification of tight oil reservoir storage space is necessary. The tight oil reservoir in the lower submember of the first member of Shahejie Formation (Es1L) of the Raoyang Sag of the Jizhong Depression in the Bohai Bay Basin was selected as a case study for testing a new method of classifying tight oil reservoir storage space based on the results of porosity, permeability, and mercury intrusion porosimetry measurements. The pore‐throat size ranges were classified according to pore‐throat fractal characteristics and were divided into three groups: <100 nm, 100‐1000 nm, and >1000 nm. The oil‐bearing property of tight oil reservoir samples is closely related to the median and maximum pore‐throat radii. The inflection and intersection points in the trend lines of the pore volume percentages connected by different pore‐throat widths (<100 nm, 100‐1000 nm, and >1000 nm) vs the porosity and permeability values (which represent the relationship between the pore volume connectivity characteristics and porosity/permeability) were used as the basis for classifying the tight oil reservoir storage space. The tight oil reservoir storage space in the Es1L formation of the Raoyang Sag was divided into three categories, namely classes of III, II, and I. The porosity ranges of the three tight reservoir storage space classes are <5%, 5%‐8%, and 8%‐11%, respectively, and their permeability ranges are <0.04 mD, 0.04‐0.15 mD, and 0.15‐0.8 mD, respectively.
Stem cell derived oligodendrocytes to study myelin diseases
Authors: Chanoumidou Konstantina , Mozafari Sabah , Baron‐Van Evercooren Anne , Kuhlmann Tanja 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOligodendroglial pathology is central to de‐ and dysmyelinating, but also contributes to neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases as well as brain injury. The understanding of oligodendroglial biology in health and disease has been significantly increased during recent years by experimental in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies as well as histological analyses of human tissue samples. However, for many of these diseases the underlying pathology is still not fully understood and treatment options are frequently lacking. This is at least partly caused by the limited access to human oligodendrocytes from patients to perform functional studies and drug screens. The induced pluripotent stem cell technology (iPSC) represents a possibility to circumvent this obstacle and paves new ways to study human disease and to develop new treatment options for so far incurable central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In this review, we summarize the differences between human and rodent oligodendrocytes, provide an overview of the different techniques to generate oligodendrocytes from human progenitor or stem cells and describe the results from studies using iPSC derived oligodendroglial lineage cells. Furthermore, we discuss future perspectives and challenges of the iPSC technology with respect to disease modeling, drug screen, and cell transplantation approaches.
Commissioning social care for people with dementia living at home: Findings from a national survey
Authors: Davies Sue , Hughes Jane , Ahmed Saima , Clarkson Paul , Challis David ,   Members of the HoSt‐D (Home Support in Dementia) Programme Management Group
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo explore the complexities, circumstances, and range of services commissioned for people with dementia living at home.MethodsA national survey was used to collect data from English local authorities in 2015. Commissioners of services for older adults were invited to complete a questionnaire. An exploratory cluster analysis of nominal data was conducted using a TwoStep procedure to identify distinct groups.ResultsA total of 122 authorities (83%) responded to the request. Four approaches to commissioning were identified, reflecting commissioning practices at the organisational, strategic, and individual service user levels. Commissioning at the service user level was most apparent. Bivariate analysis found that these configurations were not associated with the types of dementia specific services provided but were related to the number available. Authorities delivered a greater range of specialist services when joint commissioning between social care and health partners was undertaken. However, the joint commissioning of services was less observed in services specifically for people with dementia than in generic services for all older people. There was limited evidence that local circumstances (population configuration and deprivation levels) were associated with this approach to commissioning.ConclusionsThe significant role of health partners in the delivery of social care services to support older people living with dementia in their own homes is evident. As the population with dementia ages and physical health needs increase, how dementia specific services differ from and complement those services available to all older people warrants further investigation.
Accurate and robust segmentation of neuroanatomy in T1‐weighted MRI by combining spatial priors with deep convolutional neural networks
Authors: Novosad Philip , Fonov Vladimir , Collins D. Louis ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: October 2019

AbstractNeuroanatomical segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is a prerequisite for quantitative volume, thickness, and shape measurements, as well as an important intermediate step in many preprocessing pipelines. This work introduces a new highly accurate and versatile method based on 3D convolutional neural networks for the automatic segmentation of neuroanatomy in T1‐weighted MRI. In combination with a deep 3D fully convolutional architecture, efficient linear registration‐derived spatial priors are used to incorporate additional spatial context into the network. An aggressive data augmentation scheme using random elastic deformations is also used to regularize the networks, allowing for excellent performance even in cases where only limited labeled training data are available. Applied to hippocampus segmentation in an elderly population (mean Dice coefficient = 92.1%) and subcortical segmentation in a healthy adult population (mean Dice coefficient = 89.5%), we demonstrate new state‐of‐the‐art accuracies and a high robustness to outliers. Further validation on a multistructure segmentation task in a scan–rescan dataset demonstrates accuracy (mean Dice coefficient = 86.6%) similar to the scan–rescan reliability of expert manual segmentations (mean Dice coefficient = 86.9%), and improved reliability compared to both expert manual segmentations and automated segmentations using FIRST. Furthermore, our method maintains a highly competitive runtime performance (e.g., requiring only 10 s for left/right hippocampal segmentation in 1 × 1 × 1 mm3 MNI stereotaxic space), orders of magnitude faster than conventional multiatlas segmentation methods.
Unintended sunburn after sunscreen application: An exploratory study of sun protection
Authors: O'Hara Montana , Horsham Caitlin , Koh Uyen , Janda Monika 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIssue addressedThis study explores the experiences of adults aged 18 years and older who received an unintended sunburn while wearing sunscreen and examines why the application of sunscreen as a sun protection measure did not work as intended.MethodsQualitative content analysis was conducted on 11 interviews with people living in Australia who had received an unintended sunburn. Data were collected from July 2017 to January 2018. Twelve participants took part in individual semi‐structured interviews either face‐to‐face or over the telephone, and 11 participants met the eligibility criteria and were included for analysis.ResultsThe themes that emerged included experience of disbelief after sunburn; sunburn after water‐based activity; inaccurate sunscreen application; sunscreen acceptability and trust; discomfort in application, opportunistic sun exposure; aesthetically motivated behaviour; normative beliefs; and lack of awareness of recent sun safety campaigns.ConclusionParticipants perceived themselves as well protected from sun exposure and were surprised they received a sunburn. We found that participants did not reapply sunscreen often enough, especially before and during water activities and overestimated the amount of time they could be safely exposed to the sun.So what?The findings of this study suggest a greater need for sun protection education on how to effectively use and apply sunscreen to avoid sunburn and skin cancer.SummaryThis study explores the experiences of adults aged 18 years and older who received an unintended sunburn while wearing sunscreen and examines why the application of sunscreen as a sun protection measure did not work as intended. Qualitative content analysis was conducted on 11 interviews with people living in Australia who had received an unintended sunburn.
Perioperative clinical pharmacy practice: Responsibilities and scope within the surgical care continuum
Authors: Patel Gourang P. , Hyland Sara J. , Birrer Kara L. , Wolfe Rachel C. , Lovely Jenna K. , Smith April N. , Dixon Russell L. , Johnson Eric G. , Gaviola Marian L. , Giancarelli Amanda , Vincent William R. , Richardson Carole , Parrish Richard H. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractCurrent published guidelines for perioperative pharmacy services have limited information on the development and implementation of a robust clinical pharmacy program across the surgical continuum of care. This publication defines the responsibilities and scope of practice of the Perioperative Clinical Pharmacist (PCPh), supporting the PCPh as a critical member of the interprofessional surgical patient care team. Opportunities for pharmacist role integration into perioperative medication management processes are described along with published examples of successful PCPh practice models, including those with interventions targeted toward Enhanced Recovery Pathways (ERP). Recommended training and competencies for future and practicing perioperative pharmacists, in addition to considerations for precepting and scholarly activities, are also outlined. Finally, future developments in perioperative pharmacy practice are discussed, including technological advancements, improved predictive models, and expansion of collaborative practice agreements.
Assessment of YAP gene polymorphisms and arsenic interaction in Mexican women with breast cancer
Authors: Michel‐Ramirez Gladis , Recio‐Vega Rogelio , Lantz R. Clark , Gandolfi A. Jay , Olivas‐Calderon Edgar , Chau Binh T. , Amistadi Mary Kay 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe identification of gene‐environment interactions related to breast cancer reveals the biological and molecular mechanisms underlying the disease and allows the distinction of women at high risk from women at lower risk, which could decrease the morbimortality of this neoplasm. The current study evaluated the association between polymorphisms rs1820453 and rs11225161 of the Yes‐associated protein (YAP) gene in women with breast cancer exposed to arsenic (As) through drinking water. In total, 182 women were assessed for the frequency of YAP rs1820453 and rs11225161 polymorphisms and As urinary levels. The results demonstrated a positive and significant association between breast cancer and smoking, type of drinking water, and levels of AsIII, AsV and inorganic As (iAs) but not the YAP gene polymorphisms evaluated. In conclusion, our data showed that the source of drinking water and AsV and iAs urinary levels increased the risk for breast cancer, but no interactions between YAP gene polymorphisms and As urinary levels were found.
Classification of pancreaticobiliary maljunction and its clinical features in adults
Authors: Yoshimoto Kensuke , Kamisawa Terumi , Kikuyama Masataka , Kuruma Sawako , Chiba Kazuro , Igarashi Yoshinori 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM), reflux of pancreatic juice and bile produces various pathological conditions in the biliary tract and pancreas. Clinical features according to the classification of PBM by confluence between the distal bile duct and the main pancreatic duct proposed in 2015 were evaluated in children.MethodsClinical features and complicating diseases according to the PBM classification were evaluated in 168 adult PBM patients. Patency of Santorini duct and associated biliary carcinomas were evaluated in 123 patients.ResultsSimilar to children, there were significant differences in age (P < 0.01) and type of common bile duct (P < 0.01) between the groups of the classification. Unlike in children, there was no significant difference in the incidence of abdominal pain and hyperamylasemia. There were 87 associated biliary carcinomas (79 gallbladder carcinomas and eight cholangiocarcinomas). PBM patients with a cudgel‐type Santorini duct, which is greater than 2 mm in diameter, did not develop biliary carcinomas, compared to 61.1% of those with other types of Santorini duct (P < 0.01).ConclusionsClinical features according to the PBM classification in adults were different from those in children. Although biliary carcinomas were frequently seen in adult PBM patients, none of those with a cudgel‐type Santorini duct developed biliary carcinoma.
A Promising Energetic Polymer from Posidonia oceanica Brown Algae: Synthesis, Characterization, and Kinetic Modeling
Authors: Tarchoun Ahmed Fouzi , Trache Djalal , Klapötke Thomas M. , Chelouche Salim , Derradji Mehdi , Bessa Wissam , Mezroua Abderrahmane 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this study, microcrystalline cellulose nitrate (MCCN) as energetic polymer is successfully obtained from Posidonia oceanica brown algae (POBA). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results show alterations in the intensities of some absorption bands, suggesting a significant difference in the chemical structure between microcrystalline cellulose and the emergent MCCN samples. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements indicate that MCCNs are more crystalline than conventional nitrocellulose (NC). According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), both NC and MCCN reveal a compact structure and a rough surface. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) displays that the thermal degradation of MCCNs shifts to lower temperatures compared to the respective NCs. Furthermore, in comparison with NC samples, MCCN samples exhibit high density, high nitrogen content, low viscosity‐average molecular weight, and good thermal stability. On the other hand, kinetic modeling based on DSC data is carried out by isoconversional integral methods to determine Arrhenius parameters and the decomposition mechanisms. It is found that MCCNs present lower activation energies than conventional NCs with a decrease of ≈6%. Finally, this work opens a new pathway to prepare MCCN from POBA, and it is expected to have applications in several areas such as propellants, energetic binders, and gas generators.
Super Bulk and Interfacial Toughness of Amylopectin Reinforced PAAm/PVA Double‐Network Hydrogels via Multiple Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Zhang Yikun , Li Dapeng , Huang Yiwan , Long Shijun , Li Haiyan , Li Xuefeng 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA simple, multiple‐hydrogen‐bond approach to fabricating physically crosslinked, Amylopectin reinforced polyacrylamide/poly(vinyl alcohol) (Amy/PAAm/PVA) double‐network (DN) hydrogels with super toughness in bulk and at solid interfaces is reported. The Amy/PAAm/PVA DN hydrogels exhibit high tensile strength (854.1 kPa), high extensibility (≈eight times), high bulk toughness (4094.8 kJ m−3), good self‐recovery property (≈92% of self‐recovery at room temperature), and strong adhesion to nonporous glass surfaces (≈158 kPa). Such tough and adhesive DN hydrogels have great potential for various applications in engineering artificial soft tissues, flexible electronics, and wearable devices.