bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Obstetric Complications in Women Undergoing IVF with PCOS: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Muharam R , Danang Prasetyo Yohanes , Maidarti Mila , Harzif Achmad Kemal , Pratama Gita , Wiweko Budi , Hestiantoro Andon 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorder. One of its complications is infertility. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is one of the alternatives to the problem. However, there are no study describing the differences in obstetric complications of PCOS patients undergoing IVF compared to other patients. This study aims to determine the relationship of obstruction complications in women undergoing IVF programs with PCOS.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital on 2013-2019. The study subjects were all women aged over 18 years who underwent IVF programs without other gynecological abnormalities besides PCOS. The outcomes in this study were obstetric complications in the form of abortion. Analysis is done by using cox-regression to get the value of Hazard Ratio (HR) after controlling for confounding factors.Results: This study included 355 women, of whom 72 had PCOS (20.3%). Complications found in subjects with PCOS were preterm found in (2.78%), abortion (9.72%) and ectopic pregnancy (1.39%). No association was found between PCOS and abortion in women undergoing IVF programs (p-value > 0.05). Interaction between PCOS and cleavage ratio <6 had higher probability of having abortion in women undergoing IVF program obtained. (RR: 7.32, 95% CI: 2.10-25.45, P-value: 0.002).Conclusion: PCOS does not affect the occurrence of abortion in women undergoing IVF program.
The effect of autoantibody against M2-muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in peripartum cardiomyopathy patients on digoxin additional to standard treatment
Authors: Ma Guiling , Chen Long , Yue Yin , Liu Xiyan , Wang Yidan , Shi Cheng , Song Fei , Shi Wei , Luo Yingshi , Li Tuanye , Zhang Lin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the effects of autoantibodies against the M2-muscarinic receptor (anti-M2-R) on digoxin additional to standard treatment in peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) patients.Methods: 86 PPCM patients were separated into anti-M2-R negative or positive group according to the anti-M2-R reactivity. All the patients received digoxin additional to standard treatment regimen. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and after 5 years treatment. Serum digoxin concentration (SDC) were performed every 3 to 6 months. All-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and re-hospitalization for heart failure were compared after 5 years of follow-up.Results: There were 82 patients completed the final data analysis, including 38 in the anti-M2-R (+) group and 44 in the anti-M2-R (-) group. The heart rate of the positive group was higher than that of the negative group at baseline (102.3 ± 6.3 vs. 95.9 ± 6.8, p < 0.001). The initial SDC of patients in the positive group was higher than that of patients in the negative group with the same dose of digoxin (1.21 ± 0.41 vs. 0.73 ± 0.16 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Patients in the anti-M2-R (-) group had better tolerance to metoprolol and digoxin (p < 0.05). All the PPCM patients showed prominent improvement in cardiac function, especially in the anti-M2-R (-) group. Re-hospitalization for heart failure was decreased in the negative group, but not of all-cause or cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions: Patients negative for anti-M2-R showed better tolerance to metoprolol and digoxin. Anti-M2-R maybe a predictor for vagus nerve overactivation and is associated with poor response to digoxin treatment in PPCM patients.
Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviates Aβ deposition and neuronal damage by inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome activation in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Zhang Han , Su Yong , Sun Zhenghao , Chen Ming , Han Yuli , Li Yan , Dong Xianan , Ding Shixin , Fang Zhirui , Li Weiping , Li Weizu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation play important roles in the whole pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) is an important enzyme that is responsible for ROS generation in many neurodegenerative diseases. The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome is responsible for the formation of pro-inflammatory molecules in neurons. However, it is still unclear whether inhibition of NOX2 and NLRP1 inflammasome decreases amyloid-beta (Aβ) generation and deposition in APP/PS1 mice. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is an active component in ginseng, and maybe a potential agent for neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of Rg1 treatment on cognitive performance, neuronal damage, Aβ deposition and NOX2-NLRP1 inflammasome activation in APP/PS1 mice.Methods: WT and APP/PS1 mice were used in the experiment from 6 months (M) old to 9M old, and 6M APP/PS1 mice were used as pre-treatment controls. The open field test (OFT) and Morris water maze (MWM) were used to detect behavioral change and cognitive function. The H&E and Nissl staining were used to assess neuronal damage. We further examined PSD95 expression, Aβ generation and deposition, Tau and p-Tau expression, NOX2-mediated ROS generation and NLRP1 inflammasome activation by using immunofluorescence, western blot analysis, and real time q-PCR.Results: Rg1 treatment for 12 weeks alleviated learning and memory impairments and neuronal damage, decreased p-Tau level, APP expression and Aβ deposition in APP/PS1 mice. Meanwhile, Rg1 treatment significantly decreased the levels of ROS and IL-1β, and reduced the expressions of NOX2 and NLRP1 inflammasome in the brain cortex and hippocampus in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, apocynin (a NOX inhibitor) and NLRP1-siRNA treatment also alleviated cognitive impairments, neuronal damage and Aβ deposition, and reduced the expression of NLRP1 inflammasome in brain cortex and hippocampus in APP/PS1 mice.Conclusions: Rg1 treatment could alleviate learning and memory impairment, neuronal damage, and reduce Aβ generation and deposition by inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome activation in APP/PS1 mice.
Awareness of cognitive decline trajectories in asymptomatic individuals at risk for AD
Authors: Cacciamani Federica , Sambati Luisa , Houot Marion , Habert Marie-Odile , Dubois Bruno , Epelbaum Stephane 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLack of awareness of cognitive decline (ACD) is common in late-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies showed that ACD can also be reduced in the early stages.MethodsWe performed a Latent Class Analysis to identify longitudinal changes of ACD over 3 years in 314 elderly memory-complainers and its association to amyloid burden and brain metabolism. We also analysed the impact of ACD at baseline on the cognitive scores’ evolution.Results76.8% of subjects constantly had an accurate ACD (reference class). 18.95% showed a persistent heightened ACD (“worried-well” individuals). 4.25% constantly showed low ACD. They had higher amyloid burden than the reference class, and were mostly men. We found no overall effect of baseline ACD on cognitive scores’ evolution.ConclusionsACD begins to decrease during the preclinical phase in a certain group of individuals, who are of great interest because more at risk of being affected by AD.Trial registrationThe present study was conducted as part of the INSIGHT-PreAD study. The identification number of INSIGHT-PreAD study (ID-RCB) is 2012-A01731-42
Crosstalk of multi-omics reveals specific characteristics in active ulcerative colitis patients with depression and anxiety
Authors: Yuan Xiaomin , Chen Biqing , Duan Zhenglan , Xia Ziqian , Ding Yang , Chen Tuo , Liu Huize , Wang Baosheng , Yang Bolin , Wang Xiaoyong , Liu Shijia , Zhou Jin-Yong , Liu Yajun , Shen Zhaofeng , Xiao Jun , Shang Hongtao , Liu Weiwei , Shi Guoping , Zhu Lei , Chen Yugen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients have a high incidence of mental disorders. The microbiota-gut-brain axis dysfunction is considered as one important pathogenesis of mental diseases. At present, little is known about how gut microbiota interact with the host in UC patients with depression and anxiety.Results: This prospective observational study enrolled 240 Chinese patients in two cohorts: the discovery cohort, including 69 active UC patients, 49 non-inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) depression and anxiety patients, and 62 healthy people, and the replication cohort of 60 active UC patients. About half of active UC patients showed symptoms of depression or anxiety. Through 16s rRNA sequencing, it was found that these UC patients accompanied with depression and anxiety had lower fecal microbial abundance with more Sellimonas , Eubacterium ventriosum group , Enterococcus , and Peptoclostridium , but less Prevotella_9 , Erysipelotrichaceae UCG_003 , Collinsella , and Dorea , compared with non-depressed/ anxious UC patients. Serum metabolome and proteome analysed using liquid chromatography/ mass spectrometry showed significantly increased glycochenodeoxycholate, stearoyllysophosphatidylcholine, and glyceryl stearates, while decreased 2'-deoxy-D-ribose and a set of immunoglobulin protein in the serum of UC patients with depression and anxiety. Through integration of multiple statistical analyses and multi-omics correlation analyses, we revealed a highly connected and comprehensive network, centring on Prevotella_9 and 1-stearoyl-sn-glycerol, composed of these bacteria, metabolites and proteins associated with UC-specific depression and anxiety.Conclusion: This study has identified a highly connected multi-omics network, composed of a set of gut microbiota, serum metabolites and proteins, specifically related to depression and anxiety in active UC. This network might influence host's mental state through mediating the effect of gut inflammation on synapse pruning in the central nervous system.
Genetic Characterization Among Carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli Strains Using Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR) Fingerprinting in South Africa
Authors: Ebomah Kingsley Ehi , Okoh Anthony Ifeanyi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Carbapenems belong to beta-lactam class of antibiotics usually considered as the last line of defense because they can be effective against severe infections caused by prevalent multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. However, carbapenems can be deactivated by bacteria that produce carbapenemase (beta-lactamase). This study was conducted to screen for carbapenem-resistance genes (CRGs) harbored by pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli recovered from different environmental samples. We also assessed the genetic relatedness among selected E. coli pathotypes using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR).Method: Molecular identification and characterization of the presumptive isolates were performed using PCR and isolates that exhibited antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypically were further screened for some relevant CRGs (blaNDM−1, blaKPC and blaOXA−48−like). Furthermore, ERIC-PCR was used to determine the similarity and diversity of 31 E. coli strains which were randomly selected from the different sources analyzed in this study.Result Our findings revealed a total of 238 presumptive E. coli isolates, out of which 192 were confirmed positive for uidA gene. Further screening revealed 77 (40%) isolates belong to six key E. coli pathotypes and 70 of them exhibited phenotypic AMR. Additionally, twenty-nine (41%) of the 70 MDR pathogenic E. coli strains harbored CRGs; with 24 strains harboring blaNDM−1, 8 harboring blaKPC and 2 harboring blaOXA−48−like genes.Conclusion Findings also suggest that the selected E. coli pathotypes belonged to different genomic clusters, while the cluster analysis showed a possible genetic diversity among aquatic and farm isolates. Proper treatment of final effluents before discharge as well as the development of more effective strategies to control and manage the use of antimicrobial agents were strongly recommended.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secreted-Prostaglandin E2 Ameliorates Acute Liver Failure via Attenuation Cell Death and Regulation of Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Jinglin , Ding Haoran , Ren Haozhen , Shi Xiaolei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) is an acute inflammatory liver disease with high mortality. Previous preclinical and clinical trials have confirmed that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is a promising therapeutic approach, however the effect is not satisfied as the underlying molecular mechanisms of MSC in treating ALF remain unclear.Methods: MSC isolated from 4- to 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were used to treat ALF. Histological and serological parameters were analyzed to evaluate the efficacy of MSC. We explored the molecular mechanism of MSC in the treatment of ALF by detecting liver inflammatory response and hepatocyte death.Results: In this study, we found that therapeutic potential of MSC on ALF dependent on secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a bioactive lipid. MSC-derived PGE2 inhibited TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in liver macrophages to decrease the production of inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, macrophages in liver could be induced to anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages by MSC-derived PGE2 via STAT6 and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which then to promote inflammatory resolution and limit liver injury. Finally, administrating of EP4 antagonist significantly ameliorated the therapeutic ability of MSC, which promoted liver inflammation and decreased M2 macrophages.Conclusions: Our results indicate that PGE2 might be a novel important mediator of MSC on treating ALF, which through inhibiting liver inflammatory response and hepatocyte death.
Isolating the Energetic and Mechanical Consequences of Imposed Reductions in Ankle and Knee Flexion during Gait.
Authors: McCain Emily , Libera Theresa , Berno Matthew , Sawicki Gregory , Saul Katherine , Lewek Michael 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Weakness of ankle and knee musculature following injury or disorder is associated with metabolically expensive gait compensations to enable limb support and advancement. However, neuromechanical coupling between the ankle and knee makes it difficult to discern independent roles of these joint dysfunctions on compensatory mechanics and metabolic penalties.Methods: We sought to determine relative impacts of ankle and knee impairment on compensatory gait strategies and energetic outcomes using an unimpaired cohort (N=15) with imposed unilateral joint range of motion restrictions as a surrogate for gait pathology. Participants walked on a dual-belt instrumented treadmill at 0.8 m s-1 using a 3D printed ankle stay and a knee brace to systematically limit ankle motion (locked-ank), knee motion (locked-knee), and ankle and knee motion (locked-a+k) simultaneously. In addition, participants walked without any ankle or knee bracing (control) and with knee bracing worn but unlocked (unlocked).Results: When ankle motion was restricted (locked-ank, locked-a+k) we observed decreased peak propulsion of the locked limb relative to unlocked. Reduced knee motion (locked-knee, locked-a+k) increased locked limb circumduction relative to the locked-ank condition through ipsilateral hip hiking. Interestingly, locked limb average positive hip power increased in the locked-ank condition but decreased in the locked-a+k and locked-knee conditions, suggesting that locking the knee impeded hip compensation. As expected, reduced ankle motion, either without (locked-ank) or in addition to knee restriction (locked-a+k) yielded significant increase in net metabolic rate when compared with unlocked. Furthermore, the relative increase in metabolic cost was significantly larger with locked-a+k when compared to locked-knee condition.Conclusions: Our methods allowed for the reproduction of asymmetric gait characteristics including reduced locked limb propulsion and increased circumduction. The metabolic consequences bolster the potential energetic benefit of targeting ankle function during rehabilitation.
Intelligent and Hybrid Control Method of a 3-DOF Robot Used for Hip, Knee and Ankle Rehabilitation
Authors: aminiazar wahab , Farahi Rasoul 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There is an increasing trend in using robots for medical purposes. One specific area is rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is one of the non-drug treatments in community health which means the restoration of the abilities to maximize independence. It is a prolonged work and costly labor. On the other hand, by using the flexible and efficient robots in rehabilitation area, this process will be more useful for handicapped patients.Methods: In this study, a rule-based intelligent control methodology is proposed to mimic the behavior of a healthy limb in a satisfactory way by a 3-DOF planar robot. Inverse kinematic of the planar robot will be solved by neural networks and control parameters will be optimized by genetic algorithm, as rehabilitation progress.Results: The results of simulations are presented by defining a physiotherapy simple mode on desired trajectory. MATLAB/Simulink is used for simulations. The system is capable of learning the action of the physiotherapist for each patient and imitating this behaviour in the absence of a physiotherapist that can be called robotherapy.Conclusions: In this study, a therapeutic exercise planar 2-DOF robot is designed and controlled for lower-limb rehabilitation. The robot manipulator is controlled by combination of hybrid and adaptive controls. Some safety factors and stability constraints are defined and obtained. The robot is stopped when the safety factors are not satisfied. Kinematics of robot is estimated by an MLP neural network and proper control parameters are achieved using GA optimization
A retrospective study of hypofractionated radiotherapy for small cell lung cancer
Authors: Li Man , Ge Chao , Chang Pengyu , Chen Kunzhi , Wang Libo , Dong Lihua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Hypofractionated radiotherapy (HypoRT) shows the superiority in cancer treatment because of its high biological equivalent dose. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of HypoRT on small cell lung cancer (SCLC).Methods: Medical records of SCLC patients between July 2018 and October 2019 were collected. All patients treated with chemotherapy plus HypoRT (PTV: 30 Gy/10F, PGTV: 45 Gy/10F) were eligible for analysis. The chemotherapy was performed for a total of 4-6 cycles by using Etoposide plus Cisplatin or Carboplatin in peri-radiotherapy phase. Meanwhile, indexes including in-field recurrence rate (ifRR), in-field relapse-free survival (ifRFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Results: Medical data of 30 patients were eligible for analysis. Male to female ratio was 19: 11. The median age was 64 (range from 46 to 75 years old, 95% CI: 52.5-83.75). The median follow-up time was 15 months (range from 1 to 19 months). In follow-up period, either radiation esophagitis or radiation pneumonitis of grade 3 occurred in 6.7% of the patients (2/30). The incidences of severe hematologic toxicities (grade 3/4) including leukopenia, granulocytopenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia were 33.3%, 66.7%, 26.7% and 16.7%, respectively. The ifRR post-HypoRT was 6.7% (2/30) with a median ifRFS of 15 months (rang from 1 to 19 months, 95% CI: 11.25-18.75) and a median OS of 15 months (range from 1 to 19, 95% CI: 11.25-18.75).Conclusion: HypoRT can be tolerated by most of enrolled patients, and HypoRT exhibits its efficacy in controlling SCLC tumors.
SOCS-6 promotes mitochondrial fission and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and is negatively regulated by QKI mediated miR-19b
Authors: Zhang Peng , Guan Ping , Ye Xiaomiao , Lu Yi , Hang Yanwen , Su Yanling , Hu Wei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury following myocardial infarction can result in debilitating complications and morbidity. Mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal mitochondrial fission have been implicated in the complications associated with IR injury as cardiomyocytes are abundant in mitochondria. SOCS-6 is known to participate in mitochondrial fragmentation but its exact involvement and the pathways associated are uncertain. Results In the present study, we examine the biological role and regulation of SOCS-6 in mitochondrial dynamics using hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) in cardiomyocytes and with a murine model of IR injury. We found that SOCS-6 inhibition by RNA interference attenuated H/R-induced mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. A luciferase assay indicated that SOCS-6 is a direct target of miR-19b. The overexpression of miR-19b decreased mitochondrial fission and apoptosis in vitro . Moreover, the presence of miR-19b reduced the level of SOCS-6 and the injury caused by IR in vivo . There were less apoptotic cells in the myocardium of mice injected with miR-19b. In addition, we found that the RNA-binding protein, QKI, participates in the regulation of miR-19b expression. Conclusions Our results indicate that the inhibition of mitochondrial fission through downregulating SOCS-6 via the QKI/miR-19b/SOCS-6 pathway attenuated the damage sustained by IR. The QKI/miR-19b/SOCS-6 axis plays a vital role in regulation of mitochondrial fission and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and could form the basis of future research in the development of therapies for the management of cardiac diseases.
Patterns Of Insecticide Resistance Among Anopheles Gambiae Mosquitoes In Five Districts In Uganda: 2011-2015
Authors: Okethwangu Denis , Rutazaana Damian , Kyabayinze Daniel , Birungi Doreen , Biribawa Claire , Kwesiga Benon , Alex Ario R. , Opigo Jimmy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria ranks among the leading global public health challenges. Resistance to insecticides used in vector control by malaria vectors threatens the effectiveness of this intervention. We analyzed data from routine susceptibility tests conducted in sentinel sites in five Ugandan districts to determine the status and pattern of insecticide resistance among Anopheles gambiae mosquito vectors, and to assess the trend of mortality rates of the vector. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using secondary data from sentinel sites in Apac, Kanungu, Hoima, Tororo, and Wakiso Districts of Uganda. Chemicals from different classes of insecticides were subjected to susceptibility tests, which included both the World Health Organization (WHO) standard test kit and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) bottle bioassay tests. Resistance was defined according to the standard WHO criteria of insecticide resistance. The Fisher’s Exact Test was used to determine the difference in mortality rates across years in the study period.Results: A total of eight chemicals were used in the selected districts over the years of study. Out of the 5 districts, we found that the average mortality rate of the mosquito vector by the carbamates was over 98% in 3 districts. In Tororo and Wakiso Districts, the average was about 90%. Mortality of mosquitoes by pyrethroids used averaged less than 80% in all five districts. The organochlorines averaged less than 50% in four out of five districts. In Apac District, organochlorines averaged a mortality rate of 94%. The organophosphates averaged 100% mortality in all sentinel sites. There was no specific pattern in mortality of Anopheles gambiae by insecticides.Conclusion: There was widespread resistance to pyrethroids and organochlorines, with patchy resistance observed against carbamates. Only organophosphates showed potency in all sentinel sites. This threatens gains made in malaria control, and renews calls for continued insecticide resistance monitoring.