bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells regulate the inflammatory response and repair alveolar type II epithelial cells in acute lung injury of rats
Authors: Li Qianying , Chen Xianyang , Li Jiujun 
Published: April 2020

Objective We investigated the effect of untransplantable bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in acute lung injury (ALI) and whether BMSCs attenuate damage of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to alveolar type II epithelial cells (AECIIs). Methods ALI models were prepared by nebulizing LPS and then BMSCs were infused 1 hour later. We observed histopathological changes of lung tissue and evaluated inflammatory exudation by the wet/dry weight ratio, bronchiolar lavage fluid cell count, and protein concentration determination. Inflammatory and vascular factors were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. For in vitro experiments, AECIIs were stimulated with 10 μg/mL LPS for 4 hours and then BMSCs were seeded in transit inserts to co-culture for 24 hours. The activity of AECIIs was detected. Results In the LPS + BMSCs group, histopathological examination showed that the degree of lung injury was significantly reduced compared with the LPS group. Protein expression of inflammatory and vascular factors was significantly lower with treatment. Optical density values and cell viability of the LPS + BMSCs group were significantly higher than those of the LPS group. Conclusions Untransplanted-BMSCs can inhibit the inflammatory response in ALI and promote repair of AECIIs. This might be due to substances secreted by BMSCs and interaction between these substances.
Identification of potential crucial genes in monocytes for atherosclerosis using bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhang Yuan-Meng , Meng Ling-Bing , Yu Si-Jun , Ma Dong-Xing 
Published: April 2020

Objective To use bioinformatics tools to screen for gene biomarkers from monocytes, which play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Methods Two expression profiling datasets (GSE27034 and GSE10195) were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between atherosclerotic human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) samples and control subjects were screened using GEO2R. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were conducted for the DEGs. STRING and MCODE plug-in of Cytoscape were used for constructing a protein–protein interaction network and analysing hub genes. Results The two datasets had 237 DEGs in common between non-atherosclerotic- and atherosclerotic PBMC samples. Functional annotation demonstrated that these DEGs were mainly enriched in protein binding, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, nucleus and viral carcinogenesis. Five hub genes, FBXL4, UBOX5, KBTBD6, FZR1 and FBXO2, were identified. Conclusion This present bioinformatics analysis identified that the FBXL4, UBOX5, KBTBD6 and FBXO21 genes might play vital roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. These four genes might represent new biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Comparative analysis of locking plates versus hook plates in the treatment of Neer type II distal clavicle fractures
Authors: Wang Hong-Kai , Liang Li-Sheng , He Ren-Gao , Su Yu-Bin , Mao Peng , Hu Jun-Zu 
Published: April 2020

Objective This study was performed to compare the clinical effects of locking plates (LPs) with those of hook plates (HPs) in the treatment of Neer type II distal clavicle fractures. Methods From August 2014 to April 2018, 64 patients with Neer type II distal clavicle fractures were treated in our department. The clinical effects were assessed with respect to the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision length, fracture healing, postoperative pain, postoperative complications, and postoperative shoulder joint function. Results There were no significant differences in the healing time, operation time, or intraoperative blood loss between the LP and HP groups. The incision length was significantly shorter in the LP than HP group, and the postoperative complication rate was significantly lower in the LP than HP group. The visual analog scale score, Constant–Murley score, and University of California Los Angeles score were significantly better in the LP than HP group. Conclusions Compared with HPs, the use of LPs involves a smaller incision in the treatment of Neer type II distal clavicle fractures and significantly reduces postoperative pain and complications. Therefore, priority can be given to the use of LPs in the treatment of Neer type II distal clavicle fractures.
Effect of unilateral testicular torsion at different ages on male fertility
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Zhang Jianzhong , Cai Zhonglin , Wang Xiyou , Lu Wenhong , Li Hongjun 
Published: April 2020

Objective To investigate the effect of early-life unilateral testicular torsion on adult male fertility. Methods Clinical information was collected for 122 patients who had experienced unilateral testicular torsion at a median age of 15.5 years. The recent pregnancy rate and time to pregnancy experienced by the patients’ female partners were assessed by structured interviews. Data were analyzed by the chi-squared test and Student’s t-test. Results Seventy-two patients with testicular torsion met the criteria for inclusion in our analyses; 49 had undergone orchiectomy, while 23 had undergone surgical repositioning/orchiopexy. The pregnancy rate and median time to pregnancy were 83.67% (41/49) and 1.6 years, respectively, in the orchiectomy group, whereas they were 91.30% (21/23) and 0.75 years, respectively, in the repositioning/orchiopexy group. The recent pregnancy rate was higher in patients with torsion in childhood than in patients with torsion in adolescence; it was lowest in patients with torsion in adulthood. Surgical repositioning/orchiopexy yielded a significantly better recent pregnancy rate among the three groups, based on age at the time of torsion, and a shorter time to pregnancy than orchiectomy in patients with torsion in adolescence. Conclusion Onset of unilateral testicular torsion early in life has a negligible effect on adult male fertility.
Effects of comprehensive and intensive pulmonary rehabilitation and nutritional support on quality of life and functional status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Korkmaz Celalettin , Demirbas Soner , Vatansev Hulya , Yildirim Elif , Teke Turgut , Zamani Adil 
Published: April 2020

Objective To investigate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) and combined nutritional support therapy on quality of life (QoL) and functional status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods This pre-and post-intervention prospective exploratory study involved 64 patients with stable stage three to four COPD. Oral nutritional support and personalized diet were combined with an intense and comprehensive PR program. Baseline and 8-week follow-up scores were compared for the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT), St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), pulmonary function tests (PFT), PImax-PEmax, arterial blood gas (ABG), respiratory rate (RR), handgrip strength, Borg and modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale scores and fat-free mass index. Results Significant improvements were found in functional status (6MWT: 86.72 m, ISWT: 76.24 m), QoL (SGRQ total: 13.86), PFT, ABG, RR, dyspnoea, upper extremity muscle strength and hand-body composition. Conclusion Nutritional support with comprehensive and intensive PR can significantly improve physical performance, QoL, dyspnoea and body composition in COPD. The improvement in QoL was greater than that reported in previous studies. Because two modalities were combined in this study, future randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the extent and contribution of these modalities to the outcomes.
Mobile consulting (mConsulting) and its potential for providing access to quality healthcare for populations living in low-resource settings of low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Griffiths Frances , Watkins Jocelyn Anstey , Huxley Caroline , Harris Bronwyn , Cave Jonathan , Pemba Senga , Chipwaza Beatrice , Lilford Richard , Ajisola Motunrayo , Arvanitis Theodoros N. , Bakibinga Pauline , Billah Muntasir , Choudhury Nazratun , Davies David , Fayehun Olufunke , Kabaria Caroline , Iqbal Romaina , Omigbodun Akinyinka , Owoaje Eme , Rahman Omar , Sartori Jo , Sayani Saleem , Tabani Komal , Yusuf Rita , Sturt Jackie 
Published: April 2020

Objective The poorest populations of the world lack access to quality healthcare. We defined the key components of consulting via mobile technology (mConsulting), explored whether mConsulting can fill gaps in access to quality healthcare for poor and spatially marginalised populations (specifically rural and slum populations) of low- and middle-income countries, and considered the implications of its take-up. Methods We utilised realist methodology. First, we undertook a scoping review of mobile health literature and searched for examples of mConsulting. Second, we formed our programme theories and identified potential benefits and hazards for deployment of mConsulting for poor and spatially marginalised populations. Finally, we tested our programme theories against existing frameworks and identified published evidence on how and why these benefits/hazards are likely to accrue. Results We identified the components of mConsulting, including their characteristics and range. We discuss the implications of mConsulting for poor and spatially marginalised populations in terms of competent care, user experience, cost, workforce, technology, and the wider health system. Conclusions For the many dimensions of mConsulting, how it is structured and deployed will make a difference to the benefits and hazards of its use. There is a lack of evidence of the impact of mConsulting in populations that are poor and spatially marginalised, as most research on mConsulting has been undertaken where quality healthcare exists. We suggest that mConsulting could improve access to quality healthcare for these populations and, with attention to how it is deployed, potential hazards for the populations and wider health system could be mitigated.
Performance of the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System in Patients With Patellofemoral Instability
Authors: Hajewski Christina J. , Baron Jacqueline E. , Glass Natalie A. , Duchman Kyle R. , Bollier Matthew , Wolf Brian R. , Westermann Robert W. 
Published: April 2020

Background: The Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) was developed to improve patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and administration through a computer adaptive test (CAT). The PROMIS physical function-CAT (PF-CAT) has not been investigated in patients with patellofemoral instability (PFI). Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the construct validity of the PROMIS PF-CAT with previously validated tools for measuring PROMs in patients with a diagnosis of PFI. We hypothesized that the PF-CAT will have the strongest correlations with other PROMs that evaluated PF as well as moderate correlations with PROMs that measured other health domains. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Patients enrolled in this study who underwent operative intervention for PFI completed the following evaluations preoperatively: PROMIS PF-CAT, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D), and Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS). Correlation coefficients and the percentage of patients achieving the highest and lowest possible outcome score of each instrument were calculated to assess floor and ceiling effects. Statistical significance was defined as P < .05. Results: In total, 91 participants (63.7% females; mean age, 20.1 ± 7.2 years) completed the questionnaires. PF-CAT had the lowest number of questions (4.3 ± 1.1). The strongest correlations were between the PF-CAT and SF-36 PF subscale ( r = 0.78; P < .01), AKPS ( r = 0.68; P < .01), and KOOS Activities of Daily Living subscale ( r = 0.68; P < .01). Correlation was moderate between the PF-CAT and the KOOS subscales of Sports/Recreation ( r = 0.58; P < .01), Quality of Life ( r = 0.53; P < .01), and Symptoms ( r = 0.47; P < .01). The PROMIS PF-CAT demonstrated no floor or ceiling effects. Conclusion: In patients with PFI, construct validity of the PROMIS PF-CAT was supported by strong correlations demonstrated between the PF-CAT and PROMs evaluating PF and moderate correlations with those assessing other health domains. Our results demonstrated a low respondent burden and no floor or ceiling effects associated with the PROMIS PF-CAT. The PROMIS PF-CAT may be considered a beneficial alternative to previously established PF PROMs for preoperative evaluation of patients with PFI.
EVI1 and GATA2 misexpression induced by inv(3)(q21q26) contribute to megakaryocyte-lineage skewing and leukemogenesis
Authors: Yamaoka Ayaka , Suzuki Mikiko , Katayama Saori , Orihara Daiki , Engel James Douglas , Yamamoto Masayuki 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements between 3q21 and 3q26 elicit high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is often associated with elevated platelet and megakaryocyte (Mk) numbers. The 3q rearrangements reposition a GATA2 enhancer near the EVI1 (or MECOM) locus, which results in both EVI1 overexpression and GATA2 haploinsufficiency. However, the mechanisms explaining how the misexpression of these 2 genes individually contribute to leukemogenesis are unknown. To clarify the characteristics of differentiation defects caused by EVI1 and GATA2 misexpression and to identify the cellular origin of leukemic cells, we generated a system to monitor both inv(3) allele-driven EVI1 and Gata2 expression in 3q-rearranged AML model mice. A cell population in which both EVI1 and Gata2 were highly induced appeared in the bone marrows before the onset of frank leukemia. This population had acquired serial colony-forming potential. Because hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and Mks were enriched in this peculiar population, we analyzed the independent EVI1 and GATA2 contributions to HSPC and Mk. We found that inv(3)-driven EVI1 promotes accumulation of Mk-biased and myeloid-biased progenitors, Mks, and platelets, and that Gata2 heterozygous deletion enhanced Mk-lineage skewing of EVI1-expressing progenitors. Notably, inv(3)-directed EVI1 expression and Gata2 haploinsufficient expression cooperatively provoke a leukemia characterized by abundant Mks and platelets. These hematological features of the mouse model phenocopy those observed in human 3q AML. On the basis of these results, we conclude that inv(3)-driven EVI1 expression in HSPCs and Mks collaborates with Gata2 haploinsufficiency to provoke Mk-lineage skewing and leukemogenesis with excessive platelets, thus mimicking an important feature of human AML.
Hierarchical Porous Carbon with Interconnected Ordered Pores from Biowaste for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes
Authors: Bai Xiaoxia , Wang Zhe , Luo Jingying , Wu Weiwei , Liang Yanping , Tong Xin , Zhao Zhenhuan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUsing biowastes as precursors for the preparation of value-added nanomaterials is critical to the sustainable development of devices. Lignosulphonates are the by-products of pulp and paper-making industries and usually discarded as wastes. In the present study, lignosulphonate is used as the precursor to prepare hierarchical ordered porous carbon with interconnected pores for the electrochemical energy storage application. The unique molecular structure and properties of lignosulphonate ensure the acquisition of high-quality porous carbon with a controllable pore structure and improved physical properties. As a result, the as-prepared hierarchical order porous carbon show excellent energy storage performance when used to assemble the symmetric supercapacitor, which exhibits high-specific capacitance of 289 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, with the energy density of 40 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 900 W kg−1. The present study provides a promising strategy for the fabrication of high-performance energy storage devices at low cost.
Combination of Biodata Mining and Computational Modelling in Identification and Characterization of ORF1ab Polyprotein of SARS-CoV-2 Isolated from Oronasopharynx of an Iranian Patient
Authors: Zolfaghari Emameh Reza , Nosrati Hassan , Taheri Ramezan Ali 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging zoonotic viral infection, which was started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and transmitted to other countries worldwide as a pandemic outbreak. Iran is one of the top ranked countries in the tables of COVID-19-infected and -mortality cases that make the Iranian patients as the potential targets for diversity of studies including epidemiology, biomedical, biodata, and viral proteins computational modelling studies.

Results
In this study, we applied bioinformatic biodata mining methods to detect CDS and protein sequences of ORF1ab polyprotein of SARS-CoV-2 isolated from oronasopharynx of an Iranian patient. Then through the computational modelling and antigenicity prediction approaches, the identified polyprotein sequence was analyzed. The results revealed that the identified ORF1ab polyprotein belongs to a part of nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) with the high antigenicity residues in a glycine-proline or hydrophobic amino acid rich domain.

Conclusions
The results revealed that nsp1 as a virulence factor and crucial agent in spreading of the COVID-19 among the society can be a potential target for the future epidemiology, drug, and vaccine studies.
Effects of audio and visual distraction on patients’ vital signs and tolerance during esophagogastroduodenoscopy: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sogabe Masahiro , Okahisa Toshiya , Fukuya Akira , Kagemoto Kaizo , Okada Yasuyuki , Adachi Yuka , Kurihara Takeshi , Nii Toru , Teramae Satoshi , Tanaka Hironori , Tomonari Tetsu , Okamoto Koichi , Miyamoto Hiroshi , Nakasono Masahiko , Takayama Tetsuji 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) provides an indispensable and unambiguous inspection allowing the discovery upper gastrointestinal lesions. However, many patients are anxious about undergoing EGD. Few studies have investigated the influence on patients’ vital signs and tolerance during EGD using subjective and objective assessments. This study was a prospective randomized controlled study that investigated the influence of audio and visual distraction on EGD.

Methods
We randomly divided 289 subjects who underwent EGD into 4 groups (control group, audio group, visual group, combination group) and examined their vital signs, heart rate variability (HRV), psychological items, and acceptance of distraction.

Results
Pulse rate (PR) at post-distraction and post-EGD in the 3 distraction groups were significantly lower than those of control group (p <  0.001 and p <  0.01, respectively). Blood pressure (BP) during and post-EGD was significantly higher than that at pre-EGD in control group (p <  0.05), but no significant elevation of BP was observed during the latter half of EGD and post-EGD in the 3 distraction groups. BP at post-distraction improved significantly compared to pre-distraction in the 3 distraction groups (p <  0.05). There was a significant difference in the low-frequency (LF) power/ high-frequency (HF) power at post-distraction and post-EGD among the 4 groups (p <  0.001 and p <  0.001, respectively). The LF power/HF power at post-distraction and post-EGD in the 3 distraction groups was significantly lower than that in control group (p <  0.05). Several items of profile of mood states (POMS) and the impression of EGD at post-distraction improved significantly compared to those at pre-distraction among the 3 distraction groups (p <  0.05). Visual analog scale (VAS) of willingness for the next use of distraction in the 3 distraction groups was excellent because VAS was more than 70.

Conclusions
Distractions effectively improved psychological factors, vital signs and some of HRV at pre and post-EGD. Distractions may suppress BP elevation during the latter half of EGD and lead to stability of HRV on EGD.

Trial registration
This prospective trial was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000029637. Registered on 20 October 2017.
Clinical pictures, treatments, and resource use of norovirus gastroenteritis in long-term care facilities: a survey with a chart review in Japan
Authors: Fujiki Saori , Ishizaki Tatsuro , Nakayama Takeo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Outbreaks of norovirus infection can have detrimental impacts on long-term care facilities. This study investigated the incidence, clinical picture, treatment and resource use of norovirus gastroenteritis in long-term care facilities.

Methods
Nineteen facilities in Osaka and Kyoto, Japan participated in questionnaire surveys conducted between 2009 and 2011 regarding the incidence of norovirus gastroenteritis. From clinical charts, the characteristics, symptoms, and treatment of infected residents were analyzed. Total drug cost per infected resident was calculated by multiplying the unit price for each drug by the daily dose and the number of days administered and summing the costs for each drug (USD 1 = JPY 100).

Results
Over the 3-year period, 8 outbreaks of norovirus gastroenteritis occurred in 6 facilities. The mean clinical course of 107 infected residents in five facilities that granted permission to examine patients’ medical records was 4 days, with all but one resident presenting with vomiting and/or diarrhea, and 84 (79%) also presenting with associated symptoms. Of 107 infected residents, 72 (67%) were isolated. The proportion of infected residents isolated varied from 50 to 100% depending on the facility. Of the infected residents, 81 (76%) received some type of medication, the most common being infusion (67 patients, 63%) and antibiotics (30 patients, 28%). The median total cost of all drugs administered was USD 4.4, and the median drug cost per infected resident per day was USD 2.0. Total drug cost over the entire treatment period was the highest for antibiotics, at USD 8.6.

Conclusion
Clinical course was similar to those of norovirus cases examined at other long-term care facilities. The majority of infected residents received some type of medication. Although the economic burden was not large, not a few infected residents were given antibiotics, which are ineffective for norovirus.