bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How human–AI feedback loops alter human perceptual, emotional and social judgements
Authors: Glickman Moshe , Sharot Tali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are rapidly advancing, enhancing human capabilities across various fields spanning from finance to medicine. Despite their numerous advantages, AI systems can exhibit biased judgements in domains ranging from perception to emotion. Here, in a series of experiments (n = 1,401 participants), we reveal a feedback loop where human–AI interactions alter processes underlying human perceptual, emotional and social judgements, subsequently amplifying biases in humans. This amplification is significantly greater than that observed in interactions between humans, due to both the tendency of AI systems to amplify biases and the way humans perceive AI systems. Participants are often unaware of the extent of the AI’s influence, rendering them more susceptible to it. These findings uncover a mechanism wherein AI systems amplify biases, which are further internalized by humans, triggering a snowball effect where small errors in judgement escalate into much larger ones.
Tidally driven remelting around 4.35 billion years ago indicates the Moon is old
Authors: Nimmo Francis , Kleine Thorsten , Morbidelli Alessandro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe last giant impact on Earth is thought to have formed the Moon1. The timing of this event can be determined by dating the different rocks assumed to have crystallized from the lunar magma ocean (LMO). This has led to a wide range of estimates for the age of the Moon between 4.35 and 4.51 billion years ago (Ga), depending on whether ages for lunar whole-rock samples2–4 or individual zircon grains5–7 are used. Here we argue that the frequent occurrence of approximately 4.35-Ga ages among lunar rocks and a spike in zircon ages at about the same time8 is indicative of a remelting event driven by the Moon’s orbital evolution rather than the original crystallization of the LMO. We show that during passage through the Laplace plane transition9, the Moon experienced sufficient tidal heating and melting to reset the formation ages of most lunar samples, while retaining an earlier frozen-in shape10 and rare, earlier-formed zircons. This paradigm reconciles existing discrepancies in estimates for the crystallization time of the LMO, and permits formation of the Moon within a few tens of million years of Solar System formation, consistent with dynamical models of terrestrial planet formation11. Remelting of the Moon also explains the lower number of lunar impact basins than expected12,13, and allows metal from planetesimals accreted to the Moon after its formation to be removed to the lunar core, explaining the apparent deficit of such materials in the Moon compared with Earth14.
Ancient genomes reveal a deep history of Treponema pallidum in the Americas
Authors: Barquera Rodrigo , Sitter T. Lesley , Kirkpatrick Casey L. , Ramirez Darío A. , Kocher Arthur , Spyrou Maria A. , Couoh Lourdes R. , Talavera-González Jorge A. , Castro Mario , von Hunnius Tanya , Guevara Evelyn K. , Hamilton W. Derek , Roberts Patrick , Scott Erin , Fabra Mariana , Da Peña Gabriela V. , Pacheco Aryel , Rodriguez Mónica , Aspillaga Eugenio , Tiliakou Anthi , Nelson Elizabeth A. , Giffin Karen L. , Bianco Raffaela A. , Rohrlach Adam B. , de los Ángeles García Martínez María , Ballesteros Solís Fabiola A. , Sajantila Antti , Saunders Shelley R. , Nores Rodrigo , Herbig Alexander , Krause Johannes , Bos Kirsten I. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Human treponemal infections are caused by a family of closely related Treponema pallidum that give rise to the diseases yaws, bejel, pinta and, most notably, syphilis1. Debates on a common origin for these pathogens and the history of syphilis itself have weighed evidence for the ‘Columbian hypothesis’2, which argues for an American origin, against that for the ‘pre-Columbian hypothesis’3, which argues for the presence of the disease in Eurasia in the Medieval period and possibly earlier. Although molecular data has provided a genetic basis for distinction of the typed subspecies4, deep evolution of the complex has remained unresolved owing to limitations in the conclusions that can be drawn from the sparse palaeogenomic data that are currently available. Here we explore this evolutionary history through analyses of five pre- and peri-contact ancient treponemal genomes from the Americas that represent ancient relatives of the T. pallidum subsp. pallidum (syphilis), T. pallidum subsp. pertenue (yaws) and T. pallidum subsp. endemicum (bejel) lineages. Our data indicate unexplored diversity and an emergence of T. pallidum that post-dates human occupation in the Americas. Together, these results support an American origin for all T. pallidum characterized at the genomic level, both modern and ancient.
Chromosome-scale genome assembly and de novo annotation of Alopecurus aequalis
Authors: Wright Jonathan , Baker Kendall , Barker Tom , Catchpole Leah , Durrant Alex , Fraser Fiona , Gharbi Karim , Harrison Christian , Henderson Suzanne , Irish Naomi , Kaithakottil Gemy , Leitch Ilia J. , Li Jun , Lucchini Sacha , Neve Paul , Powell Robyn , Rees Hannah , Swarbreck David , Watkins Chris , Wood Jonathan , McTaggart Seanna , Hall Anthony , MacGregor Dana 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAlopecurus aequalis is a winter annual or short-lived perennial bunchgrass which has in recent years emerged as the dominant agricultural weed of barley and wheat in certain regions of China and Japan, causing significant yield losses. Its robust tillering capacity and high fecundity, combined with the development of both target and non-target-site resistance to herbicides means it is a formidable challenge to food security. Here we report on a chromosome-scale assembly of A. aequalis with a genome size of 2.83 Gb. The genome contained 33,758 high-confidence protein-coding genes with functional annotation. Comparative genomics revealed that the genome structure of A. aequalis is more similar to Hordeum vulgare rather than the more closely related Alopecurus myosuroides.
Monitoring measles infections using flight passenger dynamics in Europe: A data-driven approach
Authors: Romano Chiara , Branda Francesco , Scarpa Fabio , Lasinio Giovanna Jona , Ciccozzi Massimo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper presents an open-access repository collecting information on measles virus infections and flight passenger movements in European countries from 2011 to 2023. It provides a comprehensive overview of reported measles cases and measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination coverage from authoritative organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). In addition, the dataset includes detailed data on passenger movements between countries, facilitating analysis of cross-border disease transmission. This resource enables more precise spatial analyses for monitoring and forecasting measles outbreaks, underscoring the importance of adequate vaccination coverage and sustained international surveillance to prevent the spread of the disease.
Aperiodic and oscillatory systems underpinning human domain-general cognition
Authors: Lu Runhao , Dermody Nadene , Duncan John , Woolgar Alexandra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDomain-general cognitive systems are essential for adaptive human behaviour, supporting various cognitive tasks through flexible neural mechanisms. While fMRI studies link frontoparietal network activation to increasing demands across various tasks, the electrophysiological mechanisms underlying this domain-general response to demand remain unclear. Here, we used MEG/EEG, and separated the aperiodic and oscillatory components of the signals to examine their roles in domain-general cognition across three cognitive tasks using multivariate analysis. We found that both aperiodic (broadband power, slope, and intercept) and oscillatory (theta, alpha, and beta power) components coded task demand and content across all subtasks. Aperiodic broadband power in particular strongly coded task demand, in a manner that generalised across all subtasks. Source estimation suggested that increasing cognitive demand decreased aperiodic broadband power across the brain, with the strongest modulations overlapping with the frontoparietal network. In contrast, oscillatory activity showed more localised patterns of modulation, primarily in frontal or occipital regions. These results provide insights into the electrophysiological underpinnings of human domain-general cognition, highlighting the critical role of aperiodic broadband power.
Predicting emergence of crystals from amorphous precursors with deep learning potentials
Authors: Aykol Muratahan , Merchant Amil , Batzner Simon , Wei Jennifer N. , Cubuk Ekin Dogus 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Crystallization of amorphous precursors into metastable crystals plays a fundamental role in the formation of new matter, from geological to biological processes in nature to the synthesis and development of new materials in the laboratory. Reliably predicting the outcome of such a process would enable new research directions in these areas, but has remained beyond the reach of molecular modeling or ab initio methods. Here we show that candidates for the crystallization products of amorphous precursors can be predicted in many inorganic systems by sampling the local structural motifs at the atomistic level using universal deep learning interatomic potentials. We show that this approach identifies, with high accuracy, the most likely crystal structures of the polymorphs that initially nucleate from amorphous precursors, across a diverse set of material systems, including polymorphic oxides, nitrides, carbides, fluorides, chlorides, chalcogenides and metal alloys.
Mineral-ecological cropping systems mitigate biodiversity-productivity trade-offs of the organic vs. conventional farming dichotomy
Authors: Kasten Marit Kinga , Witte Felix , Sponagel Christian , Bahrs Enno , Köhler Thomas , Morinière Jérôme , Grass Ingo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConventional agriculture significantly reduces biodiversity, while organic farming promotes it, but often yields half as much. Addressing this biodiversity-productivity trade-off is crucial for future agriculture. Mineral-ecological cropping systems (MECS) have been suggested as an alternative, blending organic and conventional methods by avoiding chemical-synthetic pesticides and using mineral fertilizers. In a German experiment with 168 parcels, we compared MECS, conventional, and organic systems in terms of ecological and economic performance. Arthropod diversity was measured through standardized species collections and DNA-metabarcoding. Productivity was assessed via yields and economic profits. MECS showed similar arthropod diversity to other farming systems, achieved 90% of conventional crop yields, and produced 1.8 times of the organic yield. Profits from MECS were on average 37% higher than the conventional system with a short wheat-maize-soy crop rotation. Further farm-level studies are needed, but MECS could be a reasonable alternative to both organic and conventional farming and can mitigate biodiversity-productivity trade-offs.
Legacy effects of crop diversity on weed-crop competition in maize production
Authors: Menalled Uriel D. , Ann Bybee-Finley K. , Smith Richard G. , DiTommaso Antonio , Darby Heather M. , Pethybridge Sarah J. , Ryan Matthew R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe legacy effects of crop diversity on maize (Zea mays L.) tissue nutrient composition, weed community structure, and intensity of weed-crop competition were assessed through a field experiment at two sites in the northeastern United States. Fields were conditioned with crop diversity gradients from summer 2016 to spring 2019. The crop diversity gradients ranged from a single cultivar to sixteen intercropped cultivars (four species, four cultivars per species) and were established in organic annual and perennial cropping systems. Following the three-year conditioning phase, maize was planted across the entire experiment, and each conditioning-phase diversity treatment was split into weed-free, ambient-weed, moderate-weed, and heavy-weed treatments. Within each cropping system, the effect of crop diversity legacy on weed-crop competition was negligible. In contrast, weed-crop competition varied between the maize grown in soil conditioned by the annual and perennial cropping systems.
Transcriptomic analysis of circulating extracellular vesicles during the perioperative period of Fontan and Glenn surgery
Authors: Takaesu Felipe , Yasseen Khalid , Yang Evan , Park Hyun-Ji , Kelly John M. , Breuer Christopher K. , Davis Michael E. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSingle-ventricle defects are treated with the Glenn and Fontan procedures, which offer lifesaving relief but result in lifelong complications. To address the lack of outcome predictors, we conducted an untargeted transcriptomic analysis to identify RNA biomarkers in serum and circulating sEVs from 25 Glenn or Fontan patients with three samples exclusively used for experimental assays. Unsupervised analysis revealed a distinction between pre-op and post-op samples in both surgical groups. Differential gene expression and pathway analysis showed enrichment for pro-angiogenic cargo in post-op sEVs compared to pre-op sEVs. Wound healing assays revealed post-op Fontan sEVs induce a stronger pro-angiogenic response than pre-op Fontan sEVs. A PLSR-guided approach revealed MAPK6, GLE1, hsa-miR-340-5p, and hsa-miR-199b-5p as key transcripts in the observed wound healing response. Lastly, EV-Origin revealed decreased secretion of sEV from cardiac tissue and increased secretion from brain tissue for both Fontan and Glenn samples. This work demonstrates the potential of sEV RNAs as biomarkers for patients with Fontan physiology, enabling quicker diagnosis for Fontan-associated complications.
Comparing radial migration in dark matter and MOND regimes
Authors: Nagy R. , Janák F. , Šturc M. , Jurčík M. , Puha E. 
Published: December 2024

Context. Multiple studies on radial migration in disc galaxies have proven the importance of the effect of resonances with non- axisymmetric components on the evolution of galactic discs. However, the dynamical effects of classic Newtonian dynamics with dark matter (DM) differ from MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and might trigger different radial migration. A thorough analysis of radial migration considering these two gravitational regimes might shed some light on different predictions of DM and MOND theories.
Aims. We aim to quantitatively and qualitatively compare the effects of resonances and stellar radial migration (churning) in a Milky Way-like (MW-like) galaxy in the DM and MOND regimes. We performed numerical simulations of a MW-like galaxy to analyse the effect of non-axisymmetric structures (galactic bar and spiral arms) considering various parameters of the spiral structure.
Methods. We conducted a two-dimensional numerical simulation consisting of the integration of 2 · 106 stars in a static rotating galactic potential for 6 Gyr. We analysed the changes in the stellar disc caused by stellar radial migration. To study the effects of radial migration and resonances in detail, we analysed the change in the star’s position, the guiding radius, as well as the frequency phase space. We investigated DM and MOND approaches.
Results. The outcome of the simulation shows that the radial migration is much more pronounced in the MOND regime compared to the DM one. Increasing both the spiral amplitude and the spiral pattern speed results in more prominent radial migration. Compared to the DM approach, in the MOND regime, we observe up to five times as many stars with a maximum change in the guiding radius of more than 1.5 kpc during the time interval from 2–6 Gyr. Increasing the amplitude of the spiral structure amplifies this effect. On the other hand, increasing the spiral pattern speed reduces the difference between DM and MOND. Analysis of the frequency phase space reveals that the most prominent resonances in all DM and MOND configurations are the co-rotation resonance with the spiral arms (m = p = 1), outer Lindblad resonance with the galactic bar and spiral arms, and the co-rotation resonance (m = 2, p = 1) with the superposition of the galactic bar and spiral arms, 2Ω = Ωb + Ωsp.
Spectra of standing kink waves in loops and the effects of the lower solar atmosphere
Authors: Karampelas Konstantinos , Lim Daye , Van Doorsselaere Tom , Gao Yuhang 
Published: December 2024

Context. Understanding the effects of the lower solar atmosphere on the spectrum of standing kink oscillations of coronal loops, in both the decaying and decayless regime, is essential for developing more advanced tools for coronal seismology.
Aims. We aim to reveal the effects of the chromosphere on the spatial profiles and frequencies of the standing kink modes, create synthetic emission maps to compare with observations, and study the results using spatial and temporal coronal seismology techniques.
Methods. We excited transverse oscillations in a 3D straight flux tube using (a) a broadband footpoint driver, (b) a sinusoidal velocity pulse, and (c) an off-centre Gaussian velocity pulse, using the PLUTO code. The flux tube is gravitationally stratified, with footpoints embedded in chromospheric plasma. Using the FoMo code, we created synthetic observations of our data in the Fe IX 17.1 nm line and calculated the spectra with the Automatic Northumbria University Wave Tracking code. We also numerically solved the generalised eigenvalue system for the 1D wave equation to determine the effects of the stratification on the kink modes of our system.
Results. The synthetic observations of the loops perturbed by the velocity pulses show a single dominant mode that our 1D analysis reveals to be the third harmonic of the system. For the broadband driver, the synthetic emission shows multiple frequency bands, associated with both the loop and the driver. Finally, using seismological techniques, we highlight the possibility of misidentifying the observed third, sixth, and ninth harmonics with the first, second, and third harmonics of the coronal part of the loop. Unless more advanced techniques of spatial seismology are used with many data points from observations along the entire loop length, this misidentification can result in overestimating the mean magnetic field by a factor equal to the period ratio of the fundamental over the third harmonic.
Conclusions. For longer coronal loops it is easy to misidentify the detected standing kink modes for lower-order modes of the system, which can have important seismological implications. To prevent these errors and properly constrain the value of the estimated mean magnetic field, additional observations of the loops footpoints using transition region and chromospheric lines are necessary.
Standardized Assessment of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Congenital Aniridia
Authors: Hoxha Zamira , Fries Fabian Norbert , Hecker Dietmar , Seitz Berthold , Käsmann-Kellner Barbara , Náray Annamária , Lagali Neil , Grupcheva Christina , Szentmáry Nóra , Stachon Tanja 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction Congenital aniridia is a rare panocular disorder that is associated with varying degrees of impairment of visual acuity. The COST Action (CA18116) developed a survey (aniridia-net.eu) to assess patient-reported experiences with congenital aniridia and its impacts on vision and daily life. Here, we correlate the survey responses of German patients with congenital aniridia with clinical ophthalmology data acquired at the Homburger Aniridia Center.
Patients and Methods The patients completed the German-language version of a 20-point ANIRIDIA-NET survey. The survey included demographic information, the most common symptoms caused by the disease, difficulties caused by visual impairment in various life situations, and the frequency of using visual aids in daily life. As for clinical data, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) as well as corneal, lens, and glaucoma status were collected.
Results A total of 71 participants, 27 (38.0%) children and 44 (61.7%) adults, completed the questionnaire, with an age range of 28.8 ± 20.2 years (6 – 78 years). Among them, 55 (77.4%) reported daily light sensitivity, 34 (47.8%) experienced dry eyes, 17 (23.9%) had fluctuating vision, 11 (15.4%) reported eye pain, and 5 (7.0%) experienced daily watering eyes. Older patients reported significantly more eye complaints than children (p < 0,001). Notably, patients with more advanced aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK) exhibited a discernibly lower quality of life (ρ = 0.28, p = 0.027). Similarly, cataract surgery early in life was associated with a more pronounced decline in quality of life (ρ = − 0.36, p = 0.002). Thirty-five (49.2%) patients never needed assistance for their commute to school/work, 27 (38.0%) and 22 (30.9%) never needed assistance for their daily routines at home or various social activities, respectively. Regarding the use of visual aids, 39
(24.9%) reported that they always used visual aids at work or school, 24 (33.8%) during social activities, and 32 (45.1%) during free time activities.
Conclusions Although congenital aniridia is associated with reduced visual acuity, the majority of affected individuals, especially during childhood, report that they were able to manage personal communication and various life situations independently and without significant difficulties, despite their eye-related issues. Visual aids serve as crucial support for them during their transition into adulthood and as they age. Symptoms of congenital aniridia subjects, described by the ANIRIDIA-NET survey, correlated well with clinical findings. Therefore, the questionnaire may provide important information for the treating ophthalmologist for follow-up examination of these patients and improvement in their life quality.
Venous Thromboembolism at Low Risk of Recurrence in Young Women: Stress and Violence Associated with Recurrence. An International Case-Control Study
Authors: Bitsadze Victoria , Nikolaeva Mariya Gennadevna , Mousty Ève , Khizroeva Jamilya , Laurent Jérémy , Ripart Sylvie , Kudryavtseva Ekaterina , Collen Lorris Le , Shatilina Anastasia , Allal Salim , Lyadnova Elizaveta , Fortier Mathieu , Bouvier Sylvie , Chea Mathias , Zainulina Marina Sabirovna , Perez-Martin Antonia , Makatsariya Alexander , Gris Jean-Christophe 
Published: December 2024

Background In young women with venous thromboembolism (VTE) related to weak transient risk factors, it remains unknown whether stress levels and intimate partner violence (IPV) are associated with recurrence. The VTE-WEAK study aims to investigate the association between perceived stress and IPV with a recurrence of VTE in women with a first episode of VTE due to combined oral contraceptives, pregnancy-puerperium, minor trauma/fracture, brief surgery, infection or brief immobility, and not using antithrombotic prophylaxis.
Material and Methods We performed a multicenter, international, observational, retrospective study on women referred for thrombophilia screening who were subsequently monitored. Patients were aged 18 to 55 years old and free of high-risk thrombophilia. When a recurrence of VTE was suspected for the first time, the perceived stress level and IPV were evaluated using self-administrated PSS-10 and Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) questionnaires.
Results We monitored 7,754 women over 43,880 patients–years. A first suspected recurrence occurred in 4,772 women, among whom 1,316 had an objectively confirmed recurrence. The perceived stress level and an IPV situation were both independent risk factors for recurrence: moderate stress: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.630 (1.415–2.468); high perceived stress: aOR 10.03 (7.528–13.36); IPV: 1.953 (1.546–2.468), p < 0.0001.
Conclusion The perceived level of stress and IPV are associated with a recurrence of VTE when suspected. The mechanisms and clinical consequences of a possible stress coagulopathy require investigation.