bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adhesion and biofilm inhibiting properties of Chinese Herbal Formula SanHuang decoction against antibiotic resistant staphylococcal strains
Authors: Zhang Shaoe , Wang Peizhao , Shi Xiaotao , Tan Honglue 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Clinical study has shown that external socking and washing with the Chinese herbal SanHuang decoction (SH) can control the orthopedic-biofilm related infections. However, the antibiofilm activities of SH in vitro have not been investigated. The aim of the current study was to explore the effect of SH on adhesion and biofilm formation of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci on titanium surface, and to explore its probable mechanistic effects on staphylococcal strains. Biofilm-forming ATCC 35984 (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, MRSE) and ATCC 43300 (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA) strains were used in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of SH and vancomycin against planktonic bacterial strains were determined by the broth microdilution method. Different sub-MIC of SH with TSB (Tryptic soy broth) were used as the basis for experimental grouping (SH group). TSB culture medium alone (TSB group) or TSB containing vancomycin (vancomycin group) incubated with bacteria were considered as the negative or positive control group, respectively. The inhibitory effect of different treatment on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation were observed by the spread plate method, CV (crystal violet) staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Real time PCR analysis was performed to determine the effect of SH on the expression levels of ica AD and ica R gene in ATCC 35984 during the biofilm formation. The strains were found to be susceptible to SH decoction with MIC and MBC values of 38.75 mg/ml and 77.5 mg/ml, respectively. The MIC values for vancomycin was 2.5 μg/ml. SH treatment with 1 MIC and 1/2 MIC could inhibit the bacteria adhesion on the titanium surface, showing only scattered bacterial adhesion from SEM. CLSM showed that SH with 1 MIC and 1/2 MIC could also inhibit the bacterial biofilm formation. The quantitative results of the spread plate method and CV staining showed that there was significant differences between the SH groups (P < 0.05). Further, with an increase in SH concentration, the inhibitory effect became more obvious at different culture time points, when compared with TSB control group (P < 0.05). Among the groups, vancomycin had the strongest inhibitory effect on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, with an increase in SH concentration, the expression levels of ica A and ica D decreased, and the expression of ica R increased correspondingly (P < 0.05). In conclusions, a certain concentration of SH can inhibit the adhesion and biofilm formation of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcal strains on the titanium surface, but the effect was not as good as vancomycin. Its probable mechanistic activity may be through the inhibition of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin synthesis by down-regulating the expression of ica AD gene, thus inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation.
MicroRNA-1915-3p Promotes Cell Metastasis and Progression by Targeting Bcl2L11 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Wenjie , Li Sufen , Chen Xianhua , Sun Lin , Pan Gangxi , Chen Jianlin , Sun Xiujuan , Shen Yongqi , Lu Yonggang , Sun Yifan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence suggests that miR-1915-3p plays vital regulatory roles in metastasis and progression of several types of cancer. However, the roles and underlying mechanism of miR-1915-3p in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unclear. Methods: We carried out a bioinformatic meta-analysis to investigate a possible role of miR-1915-3p as prognostic biomarkers. In vitro cellular models of HCC were used for functional studies exploring the role of miR-1915-3p in HCC development and progression. Finally, in vivo studies were performed to demonstrate that miR-1915-3p is a viable therapeutic target.Results: This study showed that miR-1915-3p was significantly increased in HCC tissue samples and cell lines, and high miR-1915-3p expression was associated with a poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) time of HCC patients. Overexpression or ablation of miR-1915-3p expression resulted in accelerated or inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion respectively in HCC cells. In addition, miR-1915-3p induced downregulation of proapoptotic factors, including caspase3, caspase8, BAD, Bcl2L11, and P53. It also induced upregulation of antiapoptotic Bcl-2, protecting HCC cells from apoptosis. A biological analysis indicated that miR-1915-3p could be directly targeted to Bcl2L11 to regulate the proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cells. Furthermore, in vivo studies confirmed that treatment with miR-1915-3p retarded the growth of tumor in nude mice. Conclusion: our study provided the evidence for the regulatory role of miR-1915-3p in HCC, which was causally linked to targeting of Bcl2L11. Medications that abrogate excessively expressed miR-1915-3p may offer novel targets for the management of HCC.
Income-related Inequality in Health Outcomes among Older People in China: Measurement and Decomposition Analysis
Authors: Wang Yixiao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study is to examine income-related inequality in self-rated health and functional ability among older people in China, and to further examine the contribution of socioeconomic factors to health inequality.Methods: Data was drawn from the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Concentration curves, concentration index, and decomposition analysis, well-established tools in developed countries, were employed to demonstrate income-related inequality in health among the sample.Results: The better-off are more likely to have better self-rated health, and are less likely to have functional limitations, compared to the worse-off. In addition, this inequality in health outcomes is mainly driven by socioeconomic factors, such as income and education, rather than demographic factors.Conclusion: There is a pressing need for the government to protect older people in lower socioeconomic status to reduce income-related inequality in health, such as cash transfers, and provide formal long-term care directly.
Trends in Consumption of Quinolones in Chinese Healthcare Institutions: Results of National Procurement Data Analysis (2015–2018)
Authors: Chen Chen , Hayat Khezar , Xu Sen , Gillani Ali Hassan , Liu Wenchen , chang Jie , Yang Caijun , Ji Wenjing , Jiang Minghuan , Zhao Mingyue , Fang Yu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThere is widespread use of quinolones to treat various infectious diseases due to their broad-spectrum nature and optimal pharmacokinetic characteristics. Nevertheless, the risk of bacterial resistance has also amplified as a consequence of their judicial use in hospitals and the community. The current study investigated the consumption and expenditure of quinolone antibiotics during 2015–2018 in various health settings in China.MethodsWe used the China Drug Supply Information Platform (CDSIP) to analyze the drug procurement data of national healthcare institutions, focusing on determining the trend and pattern of quinolone consumption. The standard Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)/Defined daily dose (DDD) methodology was opted to quantify antibiotic usage.ResultsA slight decrease in J01M antibiotics consumption (25.7% to 23.5%) was observed over four years (2015–2018). The use of quinolones was significantly higher in rural primary health centers (53.9%) and tertiary hospitals (22.1%). In 2017, levofloxacin (61.4%) was the most commonly consumed quinolone, followed by norfloxacin (27.1%) and moxifloxacin (4.1%). The total spending on J01M antibiotics gradually increased from 21.4% in 2015 to 27.9% in 2018. ConclusionsFrom 2015 to 2018, the general use of J01M antibiotics decreased marginally, but the use of the paternal type of J01M and its expenditure is continuously growing. There is a need to enforce stringent antibiotic management programs to restrict the irrational use of antibiotics.
Gastroesophageal Reflux in Children With Idiopathic Bronchiectases: a Pilot Study
Authors: Mantegazza Cecilia , Rendo Giulia , Pagano Marta , Zirpoli Salvatore , Meroni Milena , Maestri Luciano , Farolfi Andrea , Salvatore Silvia , Zuccotti Gian Vincenzo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background:The role of gastroesophageal reflux in bronchiectasis development is still object of discussion. We aimed to characterize gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children with idiopathic bronchiectases (BC) and to analyse the relation with a morpho-functional High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) scoring systemMethods: Multiple esophageal impedance-pH (MII-pH) parameters in children with respiratory symptoms with and without BC were compared. In children with BC spirometry was performed and HRCT score was calculated by evaluating in each lung lobe: 1.bronchiectasis-peribronchial wall thickening, 2.mucous plugging, 3.abscess-sacculations, 4.consolidations, 5.others. HRCT score was related to MII-pH results. HRCT score accuracy in predicting pathological MII-pH was evaluated by ROC curve.Results: 20 children with BC and 20 without BC were enrolled. No significant differences were found in any MII-pH parameter between the two groups.Among BC children, 7/20 had a pathological MII-pH and didn’t show difference in respiratory function compared to those without GER. There were no significant correlation between HRCT score and MII-pH parameters but a direct (not significant) correlation with RI (r=0.240 p=0.307), acid refluxes (r=0.022 p=0.925) and SI/SAP (r=0.041 p=0.865). The mean value of the HRCT score in children with BC with pathological MII-pH was higher than in the ones with normal MII-pH (6.571 vs. 4.846, p=0.0929). The Area Under the Curve was 0.736. A HRCT score of 4.5 and 7.5 were associated with a negative predictive value of 86.5% and a positive predictive value of 75% respectively. Conclusions:Children with idiopathic BC had no distinct GER features. HRCT scoring system showed a moderate accuracy in predicting MII-pH results and a value ≤4.5 is rarely associated with a pathological MII-pH.Level of evidence:not properly applicable as it is a non-interventional diagnostic evaluation study.
Assessment of Practice of Breast Self-examination and Associated Factors among Health Science Female Students of Ambo University: Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Gochole Jatani Mitiku , Gemechu Yohannes Bacha , Ibrahim Asiya Hussein 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast Self-Examination is process whereby women examine their breasts regularly to detect any abnormal swelling or lumps in order to seek prompt medical attention. Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women globally and the second commonest cancer overall. The aim of this study was to assess practice of breast self-examination and associated factors among Health science female students at Ambo University in 2019.Methodology: - Institutional based cross-sectional survey was carried out among Health science female students at Ambo University in 2019. Data was collected by using a pre tested and pretested self-administered questionnaires. The response was systematically tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 20, and explanations were given separately.Result- A total of 150 respondents participated in the study, of these 80 (53.3%) of them had good knowledge and only 67(44.7%) of the respondents had practiced BSE before. Among study participants whose families had breast cancer, practice BSE 2.12 times more than study participants whose families didn’t have his tory of breast cancer (AOR=2.12; 95% CI, 1.09–3.95, P=0.044). Those who had good knowledge toward BSE were 5.5 times more likely to practice BSE than those who had poor knowledge (AOR=9.5; 95% CI, 5.5–18.8, P=0.002).Conclusions- The overall knowledge of female students towards breast self-examination was 62%. This study showed that only 67(44.7%) of the study participants ever practiced BSE. The independeent predictors of breast self examination was family history of breast cancer and knowledge how to perform breast self examination.
Minimal Variations of Oral Virome and Microbiome in Human IgA Deficiency
Authors: Peña Maria jose de la Cruz , Gonzalez-Granado Luis Ignacio , Garcia-Heredia Inmaculada , Maestre-Carballa lucia , Martinez-Garcia Manuel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Bakcground Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the dominant antibody found in our mucosal secretions and plays an important role in the protection and homeostatic regulation of intestinal, respiratory and urogenital epithelia by `recognizing´and shapping our human commensal microbiome. Paradoxically, yet selective IgA-deficiency in humans and animal models is often described as asymptomatic and only a few microbiome studies are available, only focused on the mice and human gut microbiome. Results Here, we broad the view an address the oral microbiome employing a more holistic view integrating in our study for the first time not only microbes but also the frequently neglected commensal viruses of our human virome and measured the impact of IgA deficiency on our microbial and viral communities. Unexpectedly, data from fine 16S rRNA gene profiling and virome and metagenome analysis in human IgA deficiency indicate minimal changes in microbiome and virome composition compared to healthy control group and point out to a rather functional, resilient oral commensal viruses and microbes. However, a significant depletion (2-fold) of number of bacterial cells (p-value <0.01) and virus-like particles (VLPs) was observed in IgA-deficiency. Conclusions Our results challenge the view of an irreplaceable IgA role for regulating the composition and function of our commensal microbiota and pose the question whether other “ back-up ” Ig-independent mechanisms dicussed here might exist for maintaining a functional commensal microbiome.
Spatial Distribution of Neighborhood-level Housing Prices and Its Association With All-cause Mortality in Seoul, Korea (2013–2018): a Spatial Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Kim Ikhan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Housing prices are known to be a relevant indicator of the socioeconomic position of the neighborhood. In a society where the market system mainly drives housing prices, residents' spatial patterning is formulated according to their socioeconomic position. Methods: Dividing the 2013–2018 entire study period into three periods, we explored the geographical distribution of housing prices and all-cause mortality and their association in Seoul, where the country's capital city. The government authorities' data and 2015 census data were used for the study. We mapped the geographical distribution of housing prices and all-cause mortality and investigated the changes in distribution. We conducted a pooled OLS and spatial panel regression analysis to estimate housing prices elasticity of all-cause mortality. We also explored the possible mediating role of housing prices on the educational composition's effect on all-cause mortality. Results: We found the common trends of increasing spatial patterning of housing prices and all-cause mortality. The magnitude of spatial patterning was far greater in housing prices than all-cause mortality. In a pooled OLS regression analysis, we found that a 1% increase in housing price was associated with a 0.11% reduction in all-cause mortality after controlling the explanatory variables. Attenuation in the regression coefficient's magnitude was found after adding the neighborhood's educational composition in the model. As a result of spatial panel analysis, we found a direction and scale similar to the housing price elasticity of all-cause mortality in the final pooled OLS model. Conclusions: The results suggested that geographical health inequality in Korea's urban space mainly stemmed from the affinity of high socioeconomic position and the more developed spaces.
Genome-wide Polygenic Scores for Multiple Psychiatric and Common Traits Identify Preadolescent Youth with Risk for Suicide
Authors: Joo Yoonjung Yoonie , Moon Seo-Yoon , Wang Hee-Hwan , Kim Hyeonjin , Lee Eun-Ji , Posner Jonathan , Ahn Woo-Young , Choi Incheol , Kim Jae-Won , Cha Jiook 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of death in youth worldwide, but identifying which youth are at high risk for suicide remains challenging. We constructed genome-wide polygenic scores (GPSs) from 24 psychiatric disorders and common traits from 8,212 US preadolescent children ages 9 to 10 and investigated their associations and predictive utility with suicidality (suicidal ideation and attempt). We identified three GPSs significantly associated with youth suicidality: ADHD (P=2.83x10-4; odds ratio=1.12), general happiness with a belief that life is meaningful (P=1.30x10-3; odds ratio=0.89) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (P=1.81x10-3; odds ratio=1.14). We also found a significant gene-by-environment interaction such that the GPS of ASD in the context of early life stress substantially increased suicidal ideation (P=1.39x10-2, odds ratio=1.11). Machine learning models showed, in predicting suicidal ideation, a receiver operators characteristics-area under the curve (ROC-AUC) of 0.72, and, in suicidal attempts, a ROC-AUC of 0.765. By providing the first quantitative account of the polygenic and environmental factors of suicidality in a large, representative population of preadolescent youth, this study shows the potential utility of the GPSs in investigating youth suicidality for early screening, intervention, and prevention.
Apoptosis Induced by Melatonin and Vitamin D3 in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line&nbsp;by Upregulating the Gene Expression of P53
Authors: Alamro Abir , Alkeraishan Nora , AlMalky Manal , Alghamdi Amani , Al-Daghri Nasser M , Haq Samina hyder 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: P53 was identified as the first tumor suppressor gene actively involved in numerous cellular mechanisms such as initiating DNA repair mechanisms, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. More than 50% of all human cancers have a mutated nonfunctional p53 expression. Breast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of mortality in females and mutated p53 is documented to be the causative agent in only 20% of them. However, a mutation in p53 in BC results in a more aggressive form of cancer which is more resistant to conventional therapies. Recently multiple clinical trials suggested that the combined use of melatonin and vitamin D3 can slow down the growth of breast cancer cells. The genetic and molecular mechanisms through which these compounds initiate the cancerous cells to apoptosis or cell cycle arrest is still not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the effect of melatonin, vitamin D3, and their combined treatment on the gene expression of P53 in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Methods: The optimum treatment dose for melatonin and vitamin D3 were found by MTT and LDH assay. MCF-7 breast cancer cell line were treated with this optimum concentration, and studied the gene expression of p53 by RTPCR and concomitant protein expression by western blots analysisResults: This study indicated that 5nM melatonin, 0.5nM vitamin D3, and their combined treatment inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells and caused apoptosis by upregulating the p53 gene expression (2-fold) and significant increase (p<0.001) in p53 protein expression. Conclusion: Treatments with melatonin and vitamin D3 were found to have anti-cancerous effect and could potentially prove to be the ideal natural adjuvant therapy for the treatment of breast cancer.
Identification of the Active Constituents and Significant Pathways of Bushen Huoxue Decoction for the Treatment of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion Based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: LI Meihe , WU Jinping , KANG Minchao , XU Ying , XU Xin , DANG Huimin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To explore Bushen Huoxue Decoction (BHD) mechanism in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).Methods: We predicted and screened the action targets of four Traditional Chinese Medicine representatives by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, and searched the disease targets of RSA through Drugbank, DisGeNET, and TTD databases. According to the obtained drug targets and disease targets, the "drug target-disease target" interaction network was further analyzed and constructed. The core target of BHD for treating RSA was were imported to establish in STRING. GO and KEGG pathway analysis were conducted with the RStudio (ggplot2). Finally, HTR-8/SVneo cells were selected to establish a cell model of oxidative stress, and the network pharmacologic results of BHD-RSA were verified by cell biology, Western blot and qRT-PCR.Results: A total of 73 active compounds were obtained from 1084 ingredients present in the BHD, and 125 genes were closely related to RSA. According to the "drug target-disease target" interaction network analysis, 26 core targets of BHD for treating RSA were finally selected, and 203 biological processes, 10 molecular functions, and 10 cell components were enriched by GO function enrichment. KEGG pathway enrichment related pathways, a total of 19, are mainly associated with a Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway. Experimental results show that compared with the oxidative stress cell model of RSA, BHD increases the expression of PTGFR, AGTR1 and OXTR mRNA by upregulating the expression of PTGFR, AGTR1 and OXTR protein, which may interfere with the occurrence and development of RSA through Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway.Conclusion: Combined with the pathological mechanism of RSA and the absence of specific signaling pathways, we hypothesized that the BHD might play a role in tonifying the kidney, strengthening the bone, promoting blood circulation, and removing blood stasis，it also can virtually relieve the symptoms of RSA, and our network pharmacological analysis lays the foundation for future clinical research.These results may help define the possible roles the BHD plays in RSA through Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway.