bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
microRNAs Facilitate Comprehensive Responses of Bathymodiolinae Mussel Against Symbiotic and Nonsymbiotic Bacteria Stimulation
Authors: Chen Hao , Wang Minxiao , Zhang Huan , Wang Hao , Zhou Li , Zhong Zhaoshan , Cao Lei , Lian Chao , Sun Yan , Li Chaolun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:As the dominant species inhabiting both cold seeps and hydrothermal vents,Bathymodiolinae mussels are one of the most successful megafauna in the deep sea.They thrive in dark and food-insufficient environmentsby harboring sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB)and/or methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB)ingill bacteriocytesand obtain the majority of their nutrition from them.Many attempts have been made to decode the mechanisms underlying their symbiosis, which yetremained largely undisclosedfor years due to the lack of cultivable symbionts. In the present study,the globalexpression pattern of immune-related genes and miRNAswere surveyed inGigantidasplatifronsduring bacterial challengesusing enriched symbiontsor nonsymbioticVibrio in attempting to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying chemosynthetic symbiosis. Results: Multiple PRRs such as TLRs, LRRs and C1q were found vigorously modulated during challenges whiledistinctly clusteredbetween symbiotic and nonsymbiotic bacteria stimulation. As downstream of the immune response,dozens of immune effectors including HSP70, P450, CD82 andvacuolar protein sorting-associated proteinwere modulated simultaneously, contributing to the fine tuning of cellular homeostasis, lysosome activity and bacteria engulfment in either symbiotic and nonsymbiotic bacteria challenge.A total of 459 miRNAs were identified in gill tissue of G. platifrons while dozens of themwere differentially expressedduring the challenge.Among these miRNAs, some were also found in differentexpression patternbetween symbiont or nonsymbiontchallenges and targeting apoptosis and phagosome maturation-related genes, including caspase8, inhibitor of apoptosis, cAMP-responsive element-binding protein,IκB, Rab and integrin. Conclusion:It was suggested that G. platifrons PRRs might function cooperativelyto facilitate the specialized immune recognition to MOBs or nonsymbioticbacteria. Meanwhile, a shared expression pattern of immune effectorswas observed between bacterial challenges, indicatingthe conservative response of Bathymodiolinae mussels in promoting the adhesion andengulfment of symbionts and nonsymbiont. Nevertheless, the differentially expressed miRNAs were yet suggested to facilitate specialized modulationinsymbiosis by repressing apoptosis- and phagosome maturation-related genes.With the orchestra of immune-related genes and miRNAs, G. platifronsmussels could therefore maintain arobust immune response against invading pathogens while establishing symbiosis with chemosynthetic bacteria.
Long Noncoding RNA LncPGCR mediated by TCF7L2 regulates chicken PGCs formation
Authors: Jiang Jingyi , Zuo Qisheng , Cheng Shaoze , Yuan Xia , Jin Jing , Chen Chen , Zhang Chen , Zhou Jing , Zhang Yani , Chen Guohong , Li Bichun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Several of the thousands of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been functionally characterized, yet its specific function and molecular mechanism in the formation of chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) remains poorly understood. In the present study, we aim to investigate the role of LncPGCR (LncRNA PGCs Regulator) in PGCs formation.Methods: LncPGCR, Cvh, Nanog, C-kit, gga-mir-6577-5p and Btrc expressions were detected by qRT-PCR. The percentage of PGCs cells was detected by flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and PAS staining. The interaction of histone acetylation, DNA methylation, transcription factor TCF7L2, and LncPGCR was confirmed by Luciferase reporter assay. The interaction of GAPDH and LncPGCR was measured by RNA pull-down, RIP, and Western blot.Results: We observed the increased expression of LncPGCR in PGCs. It is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm and encodes small peptides. Moreover, over-expression of LncPGCR could promote PGCs formation in vitro and in vivo. Besides, we first reported that histone acetylation, DNA methylation, and transcription factor TCF7L2 can regulate LncPGCR expression in PGCs. In addition, LncPGCR activates WNT signaling pathways to promote PGCs formation by adsorbing gga-mir-6577-5p, relieving its inhibitory effect on target gene Btrc. Meanwhile, LncPGCR contributed to PGCs formation by increasing the phosphorylation level of GAPDH to activate the TGF-β signal pathway.Conclusion: LncPGCR over-expression promoted ESCs differentiation into PGCs through the potential LncPGCR/miR-6577-5p/BTRC pathway or increasing the phosphorylation level of GAPDH to activate the TGF-β signal pathway.
Pre-implementation Perceptions Among Teachers on the Use of Ecological Sanitation and Application of Human Urine as Fertilizer
Authors: Devkota Govinda Prasad , Bastien Sheri , Jenssen Petter D. , Pandey Manoj K. , Devkota Bhimsen , Maharjan Shyam Krishna 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Although human urine contains nutrients for plant growth, very few community schools in Nepal use a urine diversion dry toilet (UDDT) and apply the human urine as fertilizer in their school garden. Using human urine in agriculturereduces the use of chemical fertilizers, thus saving the expenditure associated with it. Application of human urine improves the soil fertility and may contribute to increased food security among school children if the school can supply the canteen with food for mid-day meals. This study adopted a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach in order to understand stakeholder perspectives and involve them in the planning and implementation of urine diverting toilets. The data for this study were collected from five teachers' focus group discussions. This paper presents teachers' perceptions ofthe urine diversion dry toilet system and use of human urine as a fertilizer for the school garden.Only a few teachers accepted that human urine could be used as fertilizer, however, they were not willing to use it on their crops since it was considered impure. Due to a perceived bad odor and the uncomfortable sitting position on the UDDT, particularlyfor females, teachers disliked this toilet and they felt using urine as fertilizer was unnecessary. One of the key lessons drawn from the study is that schools, in collaboration with local governments,should employ participatory approaches to understanding and engaging local stakeholders, including teachers, to minimize negative perceptions prior to the application of human urine as fertilizer in the school garden.
The Development of Legal Framework on Blood Donation and Blood Safety of China in 24 Years
Authors: Li Heng , Gao Dajun , Wang Kang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background This study analyzes the regulations and developments in blood donation from 1996 to 2019 in China, and demonstrate the government’s efforts in improving blood safety.Study Design and Methods We compiled blood transfusion laws and regulations implemented from 1998 to 2019 and official published data on blood donation. Thereafter, we analyzed the impacts of these changes.Results Since the implementation of the Blood Donation Law in 1998, the number of blood donors in China increased by 275% from 1998 to 2018 (from 4 million to 15 million). The principle of no-fault liability was proposed and has been applied since 2010 to the tort liability related to blood transfusion malpractice. In 2015, mutual blood donation accounts for 4.2% of the national collection. However, in some provinces of China, the percentage of mutual blood donation increased from 9.3–35.6% in 2016. The NHC cancelled mutual blood donation in March 2018. Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) has become a routine test item for screening blood since 2015.Conclusion The Chinese government institutionalized the voluntary non-remunerated donation principle, enacted regulations for the management of blood transfusion, and adopted advanced blood testing technology to sustain blood supply and ensure blood safety. In spited of increased blood donation, blood shortage persists. Quality and safety of blood collection can be further improved through the cancellation of mutual blood donation and incentive measures for voluntary non-remunerated donation of blood, which needs facilitation by governmental legislation.
Identification of pathogens from native urine samples by MALDI-TOF/TOF tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Starcevic Antonio , Oros Damir , Ceprnja Marina , Zucko Jurica , Cindrić Mario , Hozic Amela , Skrlin Jasenka , Barisic Karmela , Melvan Ena , Uroic Ksenija , Kos Blazenka 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Reliable high-throughput microbial pathogen identification in human urine samples is crucial for patients with cystitis symptoms. Currently employed methods are time-consuming and could lead to unnecessary or inadequate antibiotic treatment. Purpose of this study was to assess the potential of mass spectrometry for uropathogen identification from a native urine sample. Methods: In total, 16 urine samples having more than 10 5 CFU/mL were collected from clinical outpatients. These samples were analysed using standard urine culture methods, followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing serving as control and here described culture-independent MALDI-TOF/TOF MS method being tested. Results: Here we present advantages and disadvantages of bottom-up proteomics, using MALDI-TOF/TOF tandem mass spectrometry, for culture-independent identification of uropathogens (e.g. directly from urine samples). The direct approach provided reliable identification of bacteria at the genus level in monobacterial samples. Taxonomic identifications obtained by proteomics were compared both to standard urine culture test used in clinics and genomic test based on 16S rRNA sequencing. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that mass spectrometry has great potential as a reliable high-throughput tool for microbial pathogen identification in human urine samples. In this case, the MALDI-TOF/TOF, was used as an analytical tool for the determination of bacteria in urine samples, and the results obtained emphasize high importance of storage conditions and sample preparation method impacting reliability of MS2 data analysis. The proposed method is simple enough to be utilized in existing clinical settings and is highly suitable for suspected single organism infectious etiologies. Further research is required in order to identify pathogens in polymicrobial urine samples. Keywords: urine, sample preparation, pathogen identification, proteomics, MALDI-TOF/TOF, 16S rRNA sequencing
Multimodal Physical Therapy Approach on Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Quality of Life in Subject with Home Quarantine for COVID-19 Pandemic Attack- A Case Study From India
Authors: Patra Ramesh , Kanungo Biswajit 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The main purpose of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of multidisciplinary physiotherapy approach on depression, anxiety, stress and quality of life during lockdown periods for the COVID-19 pandemic attack. Method: The patient was 56 years female complaining with restlessness and sleep disturbances at night in an outpatient department, Jalandhar Physiotherapy, India. She was a known case of hypertension and grade-2 bilateral knee osteoarthritis. Her level of depression, anxiety and stress was evaluated through DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale) questionnaire. Short Form of health related questionnaire (SF-36) was used for the assessment of quality of life. Emotional liberation breathing technique and multimodal physical therapy approaches were used to treat the patient for 2 weeks of periods 3 sessions per week. Results: After four weeks of follow up the patient was presented with significant improvement in all the parameters depression, anxiety, stress and quality of life (physical functioning, role of limitation-physical health, role of limitation-emotional health, energy, emotional wellbeing, Body pain and general health). These outcomes were reduced the use of analgesics and sedative drugs. Conclusion: Therefore, the outcomes of this case study concluded that multidimensional therapeutic approach is a beneficial approach to manage depression, anxiety, quality of life, and sleep quality.
Beliefs, perceptions and practices of chiropractors and patients about mitigation strategies for benign adverse events after spinal manipulation therapy
Authors: Funabashi Martha , Pohlman Katherine A. , Goldsworthy Rachel , Lee Alex , Tibbles Anthony , Mior Silvano , Kawchuk Greg 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Approximately 50% of patients who receive spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) experience some kind of adverse event (AE), typically benign and transient in nature. Regardless of their severity, mitigating benign AEs is important to improve patient experience and quality of care. The aim of this study was to identify beliefs, perceptions and practices of chiropractors and patients regarding benign AEs post-SMT and potential strategies to mitigate them. Methods Clinicians and patients from two chiropractic teaching clinics were invited to respond to an 11-question survey exploring their beliefs, perceptions and practices regarding benign AEs post-SMT and strategies to mitigate them. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results A total of 39 clinicians (67% response rate) and 203 patients (82.9% response rate) completed the survey. Most clinicians (97%) believed benign AEs occur, and 82% reported their own patients have experienced one. For patients, 55% reported experiencing benign AEs post-SMT, with the most common symptoms being pain/soreness, headache and stiffness. While most clinicians (61.5%) reported trying a mitigation strategy with their patients, only 21.2% of patients perceived their clinicians had tried any mitigation strategy. Clinicians perceived that patient education is most likely to mitigate benign AEs, followed by soft tissue therapy and/or icing after SMT. Patients perceived stretching was most likely to mitigate benign AEs, followed by education and/or massage. Conclusions This is the first study comparing beliefs, perceptions and practices from clinicians and patients regarding benign AEs post-SMT and strategies to mitigate them. This study provides an important step towards identifying the best strategies to improve patient safety and improve quality of care.
Food Security and Its Association with Socioeconomic Status and Diet Diversity in Free Living Elderly in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Pourebrahim Fatemeh , Omidvar Nasrin , Rezazadeh Arezoo , Eini-Zinab Hassan , Shirani Pedram 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds:

Food security is one of the most important factors affecting food access and diet diversity. Older age is a period when adequate and diverse dietary intake is a challenge and there is a high risk for malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate the association between food security, dietary diversity and socioeconomic factors among the free-living elderly in the city of Tehran.
Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 583 elderlies (279 men and 304 women) aged 60–80 years were selected through clustered systematic multi-stage sampling method from 10 districts of Tehran city. Food security status of the subjects was determined using locally validated version of the United States Household Food Security Survey Module )US-HFSSM( questionnaire. Socio-economic status was assessed by a questionnaire. Dietary intake of the subjects was evaluated using two 24-hour recalls (one weekday and one week-end) through face-to-face interviews. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated using the FAO 2010 guideline. Multinomial logistic regression was applied for the analysis.
Results

The average age of participants was 67.87 ± 5.86 years. Based on US-HFSSM, 56.9% of the elderly were food secure; while 25.7%, 14.2% and 3.2% suffered from food insecurity (FI) without hunger, with moderate hunger, and with severe hunger, respectively. There was no association between FI and DDS, even after controlling for confounders. Multinomial logistic regression models suggested that after adjusting for age and gender, being illiterate increased the possibility of different levels of food insecurity [(OR = 3.107, 95% CI = 1.672–5.775), (OR = 2.736, 95% CI = 1.261–5.935) and (OR = 6.193, 95% CI = 1.368–28.039)], respectively. Also, FI with mild hunger was associated with total household income (OR = 2.744, 95% CI = 1.100-6.846), while FI with severe hunger was significantly associated with Fars ethnicity (OR = 0.146, 95% CI = 0.051–0.424).
Conclusions

Overall, socio-economic status and demographic characteristics were the predictors of FI among the elderly, while DDS was not associated with FI.
Exploring the Caring Incorporating Yoga Program in Promoting Physical Recovery of Stroke Patients in Acute Phase
Authors: Aryal Kalpana Paudel Paudel , Hatthakit Urai , Boonyoung Nongnut 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Currently, caring science integrating cultural practices has become an important health resource to get positive health outcomes for hospitalized acutely ill patients. Yoga, a cultural practice, has the power to bring multiple physical improvements among chronic stroke patients. The purpose of the study is to analyze the experiences of participants focusing on their roles and perceptions of the power of caring incorporating yoga to promote physical recovery among stroke patients during the acute phase. Methods: The study is a part of action research entitled "Development of a Caring Model Incorporating Yoga for Promoting Physical Recovery and Wisdom of People Living with Stroke". Purposeful sample was used to select the participants of 16 nurses, 16 stroke patients and their family caregivers. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews guideline and continues until data saturation in a neurology unit of a university hospital, Nepal. An inductive content analysis approach was used for data analysis. Results: Three main themes and 9 sub-themes were emerged from the qualitative data in terms of experiences of the participants on the program. The three main theme included "caring as a tool to develop trusting relationship"; "yoga as a practical and powerful tool for physical recovery of stroke patients during acute phase"; and "perceived physical recovery as a result of the caring incorporating yoga intervention". Conclusions: The finding of the study shown that that nurses can successfully facilitate early physical recovery of stroke patients using caring incorporating yoga during their acute phase. As yoga is well accepted by Hindu stroke patients due to it being culturally congruent with their sociocultural background, it may be effective for physical recovery and healing of the whole person.
Micro-PET imaging of angiogenesis based on 18F-RGD for assessment liver metastasis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Mingyu , Jiang Hao , Jiang Huijie , Zhang Rongjun , Wang Zhenchang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to explore the feasibility of 18 F-AIF-NOTA-E[PEG4-c(RGDfk)]2 (denoted as 18 F-RGD) PET quantitative parameters to distinguish the angiogenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC) mice which has different metastatic potential. Methods: Animal models of CRC liver metastases were established by implanttation of human CRC cell lines LoVo and LS174T via intrasplenic injection. Radiotracer-based micro-positron emission tomography imaging of animal model was performed and the uptake of 18 F-RGD tracer in the tumor tissues were quantified as tumor-to-liver maximum or mean standardized uptake values ratio. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between radioactive parameters and tumor markers. Results: The SUVmax ratio and SUVmean ratio of LoVo model was significantly higher than LS174T ones in both liver metastasis and primary tumor lesions (P ＜ 0.05 ). A significantly difference was observed in both VEGF and Ki67 expression between LoVo and LS174T primary tumors (P ＜ 0.05 ). The T/L SUVmean or SUVmax ratio of 18 F-RGD showed a significantly correlation with VEGF expression, but weakly correlated with Ki67 expression. The areas under the ROC curves of 18 F-RGD SUVmean ratio for differentiate LoVo from LS174T tumor was 0.801. Conclusions: The T/L SUVmean ratio of 18 F-RGD is a promising parameters for tumor imaging and monitoring angiogenesis process in CRC xenograft mice model.
GRP78 promotes metastasis by regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress through remodeling extracellular matrix in thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Guohong , Kang Jianqin , Xun Guanghui , Wei Jing , Wang Xiaoguang , Jing Xiaorui , Zhang Lan , Yang Aili , Wang Kai , Wang Jue , Wang Li , Hou Junfeng , Liu Qingquan , Jiao Kai , Gao Bin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Thyroid cancer(TC)is the most common type of endocrine malignant tumor and the incidence is increasing by years. Conventional surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are difficult to improve significantly effects due to the aggression and metastasis of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) which are the most malignant type of thyroid cancer. Glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) as the key molecule is related to tumor growth, apoptosis and metastasis. However, the mechanisms responsible for the effects of TC on GRP78 still need to be discussed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the presence of GRP78 and the potential mechanism of TC.
Results
GRP78 expression is increased in thyroid carcinoma tissues in comparison with the adjacent normal tissues. Besides, down-regulation of GRP78 significantly inhibited the metastatic and proliferative potential of ATC cells in vitro studies. In addition, tunicomycin (TM)-induced ER stress could up-regulate the expression of GRP78, PERK and XBP1 as well as reverse metastatic ability of GRP78 in TC cells. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis of gene ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways for RNA-seq data from si-GRP78 and si-control showed GRP78 may regulate the ability of metastasis through the ECM remodeling in ATC cells, as well as the expression of ECM components such as COL1A1 and MMP13 were illustrated to be highly relevant to ATC. The analysis of GEPIA database confirmed that high genomic amplification of MMP13 and COL1A1 in TC tissues and were correlated with TNM stage. A further western blot analysis showed MMP13 may be the target of GRP78 in ATC cells and ER stress could activate the expression of MMP13 which was suppressed by depletion of GRP78.
Conclusions
GRP78 is an important regulator of metastasis under the ER stress. In addition, GRP78’s functions might be mediated by ECM remodeling in ATC cells, which implicates GRP78 as a therapeutic target in thyroid cancer.