bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Syndrome Predisposes to Osteoarthritis: Lessons from Model System
Authors: Pragasam Sampath Samuel Joshua , Venkatesan Vijayalakshmi 
Published: December 2020

Objective The present study aims to assess for temporal changes in tibial subchondral bone and cartilage in WNIN/Gr-Ob rats (portraying obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension) in comparison with Wistar controls (WNIN) using anthropometry, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), histopathology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence. Design Body weight, abdominal circumference, body mass index (BMI), lean/fat mass, serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were measured (ELISA), followed by ultrastructural analysis of tibial subchondral bone (micro-CT) and cartilage architecture (histopathology and SEM) in WNIN/Gr-Ob and WNIN rats with age (3, 6 and 9 months). Additionally, primary cultures of articular chondrocytes isolated from 6-month-old WNIN/Gr-Ob and WNIN rats were assessed for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and Collagen type II (COL2A1) by immunofluorescence. Results WNIN/Gr-Ob rats exhibited frank obesity with increased BMI, lean and fat mass vis-à-vis significantly higher levels of serum TNF-α (6>9>3 months) as compared with the controls. With an increase in BMI, WNIN/Gr-Ob rats presented with tibial cartilage fibrillation, erosion, osteophyte formation (6 months) and subchondral bone cyst (9 months) confirmed by histology and SEM. An increase in subchondral trabecular bone volume (sclerosis with decreased plate porosity) was observed in all ages in WNIN/Gr-Ob rats compared to their Control. Gaining insights, primary cultures of articular chondrocytes complemented with altered cellular expressions of COL2A1 and MMP-13 from WNIN/Gr-Ob rats, indicating osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Conclusion Multiple metabolic perturbations featured in WNIN/Gr-Ob rats were effective to induce spontaneous OA-like degenerative changes affecting knee joints akin to human OA.
Inter-protein residue covariation information unravels physically interacting protein dimers
Authors: Salmanian Sara , Pezeshk Hamid , Sadeghi Mehdi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPredicting physical interaction between proteins is one of the greatest challenges in computational biology. There are considerable various protein interactions and a huge number of protein sequences and synthetic peptides with unknown interacting counterparts. Most of co-evolutionary methods discover a combination of physical interplays and functional associations. However, there are only a handful of approaches which specifically infer physical interactions. Hybrid co-evolutionary methods exploit inter-protein residue coevolution to unravel specific physical interacting proteins. In this study, we introduce a hybrid co-evolutionary-based approach to predict physical interplays between pairs of protein families, starting from protein sequences only.ResultsIn the present analysis, pairs of multiple sequence alignments are constructed for each dimer and the covariation between residues in those pairs are calculated by CCMpred (Contacts from Correlated Mutations predicted) and three mutual information based approaches for ten accessible surface area threshold groups. Then, whole residue couplings between proteins of each dimer are unified into a single Frobenius norm value. Norms of residue contact matrices of all dimers in different accessible surface area thresholds are fed into support vector machine as single or multiple feature models. The results of training the classifiers by single features show no apparent different accuracies in distinct methods for different accessible surface area thresholds. Nevertheless, mutual information product and context likelihood of relatedness procedures may roughly have an overall higher and lower performances than other two methods for different accessible surface area cut-offs, respectively. The results also demonstrate that training support vector machine with multiple norm features for several accessible surface area thresholds leads to a considerable improvement of prediction performance. In this context, CCMpred roughly achieves an overall better performance than mutual information based approaches. The best accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision and negative predictive value for that method are 0.98, 1, 0.962, 0.96, and 0.962, respectively.ConclusionsIn this paper, by feeding norm values of protein dimers into support vector machines in different accessible surface area thresholds, we demonstrate that even small number of proteins in pairs of multiple alignments could allow one to accurately discriminate between positive and negative dimers.
Psychological disturbances of survivors throughout COVID-19 crisis: a qualitative study
Authors: Moradi Yaser , Mollazadeh Farzin , Karimi Parivash , Hosseingholipour Keyvan , Baghaei Rahim 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
In addition to physical problems, patients with COVID-19 suffer from considerable stress throughout the disease crisis. It is important to address mental health needs and not to ignore the psychological dimension in this group of patients. In this regard, the first practical step is to have a clear understanding of patients’ psychological issues. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the psychological disturbances of COVID-19 survivors throughout the disease crisis.

Method
This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach through 14 individual semi-structured in-depth interviews with patients recovered from COVID-19. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method.

Results
Three themes of “living in limbo”, “psychological distress behind the wall” and “psychological burden of being a carrier” were extracted as the psychological disturbances of COVID-19 survivors throughout the disease crisis.

Conclusion
This study portrayed a better understanding of psychological disturbances of COVID-19 survivors throughout the disease crisis based on their lived experiences. Given the ambiguity in the time of the disease eradication and its continuing course, a deep understanding of these experiences in the current critical situation can help healthcare officials to make appropriate decisions and take measures to assess and identify psychological traumas and perform interventions to improve the mental state of these patients.
Intergenerational effects on individual charitable donation: an innovative study on philanthropy in China
Authors: Yang Yongjiao , Shi Yuting , Zhang Dong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe family, which is the basic unit of Chinese society, serves as the micro foundation of individual charitable behavior. This study examines the intergenerational effects on individual charitable donations in China based on China’s unique social structure, traditional culture, and philanthropic history. The study identifies the mutual influence of children’s charitable donation and parent’s charitable donation through both downward and upward intergenerational transmission. The effect of upward transmission is stronger than that of downward inheritance, especially among families with children born in the 1980s and 1990s. The findings reflect the “family-oriented” culture of Chinese society and highlight the necessity and urgency of developing a charitable donation theory rooted in Chinese experiences.
Fully-automated production of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 for clinical application
Authors: Spreckelmeyer Sarah , Balzer Matthias , Poetzsch Simon , Brenner Winfried 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
[68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 is a promising radiopharmaceutical for in vivo detection of the fibroblast activation protein by positron emission tomography. Until now, the synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 has been only performed manually. Our aim was to evaluate the automated synthesis of this radiopharmaceutical on two different commercially available synthesis modules in order to make the tracer readily available for clinical application.

Results
The synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 with different amounts of precursor (10–50 μg) on the Modular Lab PharmTracer (MLPT) and Modular Lab eazy (ML eazy) from Eckert & Ziegler with a customized synthesis template and a customized single-use cassette yielded best results with 50 μg FAPI-46 for clinical multi-dose application. All relevant quality control parameters tested (e.g. sterility, stability and radiochemical purity) were in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia.

Conclusions
[68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 was successfully synthesized fully-automated on the synthesis modules Modular Lab PharmTracer and ML eazy and is, thus, available for multi-dose application in clinical settings.
Feline cognitive dysfunction as a model for Alzheimer’s disease in the research of CBD as a potential treatment—a narrative review
Authors: Zadik-Weiss Lilach , Ritter Sivan , Hermush Vered , Asher Nethanel , Avital Avi , Or Reuven 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWith the improvement in modern medicine, the world’s human and feline (Felis catus, the domestic cat) population is aging. As the population grows older, there is an increase of age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease in humans and feline cognitive dysfunction in felines, which shares many similarities with Alzheimer’s disease. They both result in cognitive decline and lack effective treatments. In light of their pathological similarities, both occur at old age, and as domestic cats share the human environment and risk factors (cats are considered an indicator to the effect of environmental contaminants on humans as they share exposures and diseases), cats have the potential to be a spontaneous model for Alzheimer’s disease. Classic animal models in many cases fail to predict the results in humans, and a natural model can lead to better prediction of results, thus being both time and cost-effective. The feline disease can be researched in trials that could be simultaneously clinical trials for cats and preclinical trials for humans, also referred to as reverse translational medicine. As both maladies lack effective medical intervention, new potential treatments are merited. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a promising agent that may improve the life of these patients, as it was shown to potentially treat several of the pathologies found in both conditions. yet there is a need for further research in order to establish the benefits and safety of CBD to both human and feline patients.
The role of the paramedic in identifying modern slavery
Authors: Wilson Tyra , Hill Lawrence 
Published: December 2020

Background: Modern slavery is the recruitment or harbouring of people through the use of force and coercion for exploitation. Paramedics have significant potential and unique opportunities regarding the detection, prevention and combating of modern slavery. Aim: To analyse the literature relating to modern slavery and synthesise it for paramedic practice. Method: Following a structured literature review, a comparative analysis was undertaken of articles concerning the relationships between modern slavery and healthcare. Findings: Five major themes were identified: barriers to healthcare access; causes of missing the indicators of trafficking; clinician knowledge; the need for training and education; and trauma-informed practices. Conclusions: Paramedics are in an optimal position to identify and intervene in cases of modern slavery. The introduction of survivor-centred education is recommended to better understand the barriers to healthcare access.
Identifying wound infections for veterinary nurses
Authors: Curtis Amanda 
Published: December 2020

Heavily contaminated wounds are a common occurrence in both referral and primary care practice, with traumatic and bite wounds being among the most typical aetiologies seen. Each type of wound can be affected by numerous factors that can inhibit the healing process, one of these major factors is infection.Wound infections and the formation of biofilms can present veterinary nurses with a variety of challenges, which is why it is important that we understand the difference between normal inflammatory signs and the signs of infection. The early identification of infection and biofilms within a wound can influence healing times, scar tissue formation and length of healing. This article aims to highlight the difference between inflammation and infection, the different levels of contamination within a wound, and ways to decipher between superficial and deep tissue infections.
Phase-preserving NALM regenerator with lower input power by optimizing
the nonreciprocal phase shifter
Authors: Zhang Shouqi , Wu Baojian , Wen Feng 
Published: December 2020

We propose a new nonlinear amplifying loop mirror (NALM)-based
phase-preserving amplitude regenerator (so-called NP-NALM) by
introducing a nonreciprocal phase shifter to further improve the
regeneration performance. The theoretical model of the NP-NALM
structure and the amplitude regeneration and phase-preserving
conditions are presented. It is shown that the optimal working point
power reduces with the increase of the nonreciprocal phase shift in
the available range and the first working point power can be as low as
115 mW by optimizing the nonreciprocal phase shifter. We also
investigate the cascaded NP-NALM transmission system for quadrature
phase-shift keying signals with amplified spontaneous emission noise
and the output error vector magnitude (EVM) can reduce to 23% from the
EVM limit of 30%, corresponding to bit error ratio of

10

−
3

for the cascaded system without
regeneration.
Talking about suicide: An uncontrolled trial of the effects of an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mental health first aid program on knowledge, attitudes and intended and actual assisting actions
Authors: Armstrong Gregory , Sutherland Georgina , Pross Eliza , Mackinnon Andrew , Reavley Nicola , Jorm Anthony F. 
Published: December 2020

Objective
Suicide is a leading cause of death among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Friends, family and frontline workers (for example, teachers, youth workers) are often best positioned to provide initial assistance if someone is at risk of suicide. We developed culturally appropriate expert consensus guidelines on how to provide mental health first aid to Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviour and used this as the basis for a 5-hour suicide gatekeeper training course called Talking About Suicide. This paper describes the outcomes for participants in an uncontrolled trial of this training course.

Methods
We undertook an uncontrolled trial of the Talking About Suicide course, delivered by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Mental Health First Aid instructors to 192 adult (i.e. 18 years of age or older) Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (n = 110) and non-Indigenous (n = 82) participants. Questionnaires capturing self-report outcomes were self-administered immediately before (n = 192) and after attending the training course (n = 188), and at four-months follow-up (n = 98). Outcome measures were beliefs about suicide, stigmatising attitudes, confidence in ability to assist, and intended and actual actions to assist a suicidal person.

Results
Despite a high level of suicide literacy among participants at pre-course measurement, improvements at post-course were observed in beliefs about suicide, stigmatising attitudes, confidence in ability to assist and intended assisting actions. While attrition at follow-up decreased statistical power, some improvements in beliefs about suicide, stigmatising attitudes and intended assisting actions remained statistically significant at follow-up. Importantly, actual assisting actions taken showed dramatic improvements between pre-course and follow-up. Participants reported feeling more confident to assist a suicidal person after the course and this was maintained at follow-up. The course was judged to be culturally appropriate by those participants who identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islanders.

Implications
The results of this uncontrolled trial were encouraging, suggesting that the Talking About Suicide course was able to improve participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and intended assisting actions as well as actual actions taken.
Clinical features and risk factors for severe inpatients with COVID-19: A retrospective study in China
Authors: Wang Juan , Guo Shuzhen , Zhang Yili , Gao Kuo , Zuo Jiacheng , Tan Nannan , Du Kangjia , Ma Yan , Hou Yong , Li Quntang , Xu Hongming , Huang Jin , Huang Qiuhua , Na Hui , Wang Jingwei , Wang Xiaoyan , Xiao Yanhua , Zhu Junteng , Chen Hong , Liu Zhang , Wang Mingxuan , Zhang Linsong , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundA worldwide outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), since 2019, has brought a disaster to people all over the world. Many researchers carried out clinical epidemiological studies on patients with COVID-19 previously, but risk factors for patients with different levels of severity are still unclear.Methods562 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from 12 hospitals in China were included in this retrospective study. Related clinical information, therapies, and imaging data were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between patients with severe and non-severe status. We explored the risk factors associated with different severity of COVID-19 patients by logistic regression methods.ResultsBased on the guideline we cited, 509 patients were classified as non-severe and 53 were severe. The age range of whom was 5–87 years, with a median age of 47 (IQR 35.0–57.0). And the elderly patients (older than 60 years old) in non-severe group were more likely to suffer from fever and asthma, accompanied by higher level of D-dimer, red blood cell distribution width and low-density lipoprotein. Furthermore, we found that the liver and kidney function of male patients was worse than that of female patients in both severe and non-severe groups with different age levels, while the severe females had faster ESR and lower inflammatory markers. Of major laboratory markers in non-severe cases, baseline albumin and the lymphocyte percentage were higher, while the white blood cell and the neutrophil count were lower. In addition, severe patients were more likely to be accompanied by an increase in cystatin C, mean hemoglobin level and a decrease in oxygen saturation. Besides that, advanced age and indicators such as count of white blood cell, glucose were proved to be the most common risk factors preventing COVID-19 patients from aggravating.ConclusionThe potential risk factors found in our study have shown great significance to prevent COVID-19 patients from aggravating and turning to critical cases during treatment. Meanwhile, focusing on gender and age factors in groups with different severity of COVID-19, and paying more attention to specific clinical symptoms and characteristics, could improve efficacy of personalized intervention to treat COVID-19 effectively.
‘Ain’t Misbehavin’
Authors: Nathan Barrie Lawrence 
Published: December 2020

This article looks at recent cases of judicial misconduct and alleged judicial misconduct. These include examples of judicial bias, or the appearance thereof, in relation to parties and to lawyers and failure to recuse oneself, judicial reaction to press criticism, judges using their court computers to watch pornography, a judge responding to a defendant’s bad language by using bad language herself, a judge with outdated views about rape and whether another judge’s comments about rape in passing sentence were validly criticized. The way in which the Judicial Conduct Investigations Office and other judges have dealt with complaints of judicial misconduct is discussed and in some cases found wanting.
Keywords: judicial misconduct, judicial discipline, bias, recusal, pornography, rape
Case translation: Switzerland
Authors: Case translation Switzerland: 
Published: December 2020

PEN 17 16 DIP, Regionalgericht Emmental-Oberaargau, Strafabteilung (Regional Court Emmental-Oberaargau, Criminal Division), 30 May 2018
Switzerland; criminal law; traffic violation; Autobahn; Tesla motor vehicle ‘Traffic-Aware Cruise Control’ and ‘Autosteer’ mode engaged; collision; driver failed to control vehicle; Convention on Road Traffic, Vienna; evidential value of report by Tesla Motors Switzerland GmbH
TERRITÓRIO E PODER: SISTEMA, CONSTRUCTO E ALIENAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Authors: Bortolin Bianca Caroline , Souza José Gilberto de 
Published: December 2020

O artigo realiza uma análise sobre o nível de constructo e alienação territorial presente nos espaços agrários, a partir das práticas socioespacais e as relações de poder em seu conteúdo de classe. Investiga-se uma representação dessas relações, que não esteja circunscrita ao fechado sistema territorial. Elabora-se uma escavação teórico-conceitual e analítica das práticas socioespaciais dos sujeitos as quais compreendemos como resultantes em determinações territoriais que afirmam e/ou infirmam um processo de construção territorial. Compreende-se que em cada território há relações de poder que são próprias dos sujeitos e ocorrem, em simultaneidade, às relações de poder entre outros territórios e projetos societais. Essas práticas baseiam-se nas necessidades, nos projetos e nas intencionalidades dos grupos sociais que os habitam conduzindo a processos de identidade e/ou alienação territorial.
Cómo elaborar un protocolo de prevención de la mutilación genital femenina
Authors: Carrasco Carpio Concepción , Ibañez Carrasco Marta 
Published: December 2020

La mutilación genital femenina es una práctica prevalente en 29 países de África. Los movimientos migratorios convierten esta práctica en un tema de interés en España. Esta problemática se aborda desde una perspectiva de diálogo intercultural más que de choque cultural, sin perder de vista que es contraria a los derechos humanos y está catalogada como violencia de género.
La investigación que se presenta, a través de grupos de discusión con agentes clave (educación, sanidad, servicios sociales, centros especializados, organizaciones sin ánimo de lucro y mediadores) ha permitido proponer algunos elementos imprescindibles para que la elaboración de protocolos de prevención de la MGF sea realista, al mismo tiempo que se ha presentado una muestra de los algoritmos resultantes del estudio realizado, en este caso en la región de Castilla-La Mancha.