bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CT findings of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Wang Xiaoyang , Liu Chenbin , Hong Liang , Yuan Cuiyun , Ding Jiguang , Jia Qing , Sun Gangqiang , Peng Wenxian , Sun Qingfeng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: we aimed to describe the chest CT findings in sixty-seven patientsinfected by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Method and material: We retrospectively reviewed 67 patients hospitalized in Ruian People's Hospital. All the patients received the positive diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The CT and clinical data were collected between January, 23 and February, 10, 2020. The CT images were analyzed by the radiologists.Conclusion: There are 54 patients with positive CT findings and 13 patients with negative CT findings. The common CT findings in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were ground glass opacities (42/54), lesions located in the peripheral area (50/54), multiple lesions(46/54), and lesions located in the lower lobes (42/54). There were some less common CT findings: air bronchogram (n=18), pleural thickening or pleural effusion (14/54), consolidation (12/54), lesions in the upper lobes (12/54), interlobular septal thickening (11/54), reversed halo sign (9/54), single lesion (8/54), cavitaties (4/54), bronchial wall thickening (3/54), intrathoracic lymph node enlargement (2/54).
Significance of Primary Immunodeficiency Disorder (PID)–associated Germline Mutations in Korean patients with ALL
Authors: Shin Sang-Yong , Lee Hyeonah , Lee Seung-Tae , Choi Jong Rak , Jung Chul Won , Koo Hong Hoe , Kim Sun-Hee 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background In addition to somatic mutations, germline genetic predisposition to hematologic malignancies is an emerging research issue. In this study, we investigated genetic alterations (both somatic and germline) in Korean acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ALL) patients using targeted gene panel sequencing. Method We selected ALL patients diagnosed at Samsung Medical Center. Eighty-two well known genes associated with 23 predisposition syndromes were included in the gene panel. In addition to sequence variants, gene-level copy number variants (CNVs) were investigated. Results Ninety-three ALL patients (65 children, 28 adults) were enrolled in this study. We identified 197 somatic sequence variants (excluding synonymous variants) and 223 somatic CNVs. Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) differed significantly by cytogenetic group in childhood B-ALL. The IKZF1 alteration had an adverse effect on OS and RFS in childhood ALL. Among the 82 genes associated with 23 predisposition syndromes, known mutations (TP53, LIG4) and novel mutations (TINF2, CTC1) were identified. Nine patients (9.7%) had pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants associated with primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID) in a heterozygous state. Conclusions We found recurrent mutations and clinical effects similar to those reported in previous studies. We also found an unexpectedly high prevalence of PID-associated germline mutations. Our results suggest several important points: 1) paired leukemic and normal control samples are recommended to discriminate somatic and germline mutations; 2) gene panels must include genes associated with predisposition; 3) gene panels must include genes associated with PID.
Identification of prognosis-related genes in the cervical cancer immune microenvironment
Authors: Yang Lirong , Yang Yang , Meng Mingyao , Wang Wenju , He Shan , Zhao Yiyi , Gao Hui , Tang Weiwei , Li Lin , Hou Zongliu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. The metastasis and invasion of this type of cancer are closely related to the tumor microenvironment. Immune cells and stromal cells dominate the tumor microenvironment in cervical cancer. Therefore, we should further understand the association between tumor progress and immune cells or stromal cells.Methods we downloaded the gene expression profiles and clinical data of 307 patients with cervical cancers based on the TCGA database. Subsequently the Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumours using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm was used to calculate the scores of stromal cells and immune cells to find differential genes, and analyzed the correlation between their scores and patient survival. Moreover, we also used R language packs and network tools to analyze GO term, gene enrichment pathway, and protein-protein relationship to find genes related to inflammation and immune regulation.Results The gene expression profiles and corresponding clinical data of 307 patients were obtained from TCGA datasets. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the high immunescore group and the low immunescore group. And the low immunescore group had shorter lifetimes than the high scores group (P = 0.035).Moreover, PPI network analysis CCR5 and CXCL9, -10, -11 / CXCR3 axis might be new target for cervical cancer treatment. Finally, Kaplan-Meier survival curves found out nine representative genes significantly related to survival including BTNL8 , CCR7 , CD1E , CD6 , CD27 , CD79A , GRAP2 , SP1B , LY9 .Conclusions These genes can be used as markers for the prognosis and diagnosis of cervical cancer and also might be used as treatment targets.
Adherence to the Exercise Program In Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Undergoing Haemodialysis at a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: V Vijay Samuel Raj , Mangalvedhe Prashanth V , Shetty Manjunath S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered as one of the current public health problem, associated with increased mortality rates. People with CKD have a greater chance of having a decreased function and quality of life (QoL). It’s important to keep one active and healthy at the same time encourage and incorporate exercises and physical activity.Methods: The objectives are to evaluate the adherence to exercise programme by patients diagnosed with CKD undergoing dialysis and to identify potential barriers to patient adherence to exercise program. The observational study was carried out in a tertiary hospital at dialysis unit. Total 42 patients undergoing dialysis as outpatients in a tertiary hospital completed the study. The baseline outcome measures of joint range of motion and maximum repetition rate (MRR) testing selected muscles were checked. Strengthening exercises for using resistance band were carried out during haemodialysis and a home exercise program (HEP) was taught to the patients to be followed on the remaining five days of the week. At the end of three months, adherence to the exercise was evaluated through questionnaire.Results: At the end of 12 weeks 52% adhered to exercises during dialysis and 48% at Home Exercise Program (HEP)Conclusions: Adherence to strengthening exercise programme in patients undergoing haemodialysis as out-patients in a tertiary hospital is average. It is clinically essential to take the adherence in to consideration while prescribing exercise program in patients undergoing dialysis.
A pooled analysis of risk factors of surgically treated leiomyosarcoma of the colon in adults
Authors: Wang Yun , Wang Hao , Yuan Zhi-Lu , Zhao Jing-Fei , Dong Dian-Bo , Gao Qian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: This current systematic review aimed to evaluate the role of surgical management and risk factors by pooled cases from all identified patients with colonic leiomyosarcomas. Methods: The authors searched the Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases using the keywords “colonic” “colon” and “leiomyosarcoma”. Risk factors of colonic leiomyosarcoma in the pooled cohort were also evaluated. Results: Between 1923 and 2018, 39 cases of colonic leiomyosarcoma were identified in 20 (51.3%) males and 19 (48.7%) females, with a mean and median age of 59.2 ± 2.2 years and 57.0 years. According to univariate analysis, smaller tumor size < 8 cm was significantly associated with longer progression-free survival (HR=6.114, 95% CI=1.226-30.501; p=0.027), and younger age < 60 years was trending toward better overall survival (HR=2.588, 95% CI=0.860-7.793; p=0.091). Conclusions: colonic leiomyosarcomas are rare neoplasms with aggressive clinical behaviors. Age < 60 years and tumor size < 8 cm were favorable factors for patients’ better survival.
Effect of preoperative jaundice on long-term prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma with radical resection
Authors: yang xinwei , Jun-yi Chen , Zhi-jian Wen , Yu-long Li , Fei-yu Wang , Liang Li , Jue Yang , Ping-hua Yang , zhang baohua , shen feng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purposes This study was designed to evaluate the long-term prognostic value of preoperative jaundice and explore which clinicopathological factor significantly influencing the long-term prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) after radical resection (R0). Methods A total of 267 GBC patients who underwent R0 resection between January 2004 and December 2014 were enrolled, including 54 patients with preoperative jaundice and 213 patients without jaundice. The clinicopathological parameters between the two groups were compared, and the correlation between preoperative jaundice and the long-term prognosis was furtherly analyzed. Results Unilateral and multivariate analyses of 267 GBC patients showed that the depth of tumor invasion (pT stage), lymphatic metastasis, and hepatic invasion were independent prognostic factors. In terms of the 54 GBC patients with preoperative jaundice, univariate and multivariate analysis showed that only pT stage was an independent factor for prognosis. Furthermore, the intraoperative blood transfusion and pT stage were significant different between long-term survival (survival for more than 3 years) and those who died within 3 years (P<0.05). Conclusion Preoperative jaundice was not the independent factor affecting the poor long-term prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma after R0 resection. The pT stage was the only long-term prognostic factor in all GBC patients with and without preoperative jaundice.
Integrins Alpha-2 and Beta-1 increase through Multiple Generations of the EDW01 Patient-Derived Xenograft Model of Breast Cancer – Markers but not Drivers of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Wafai Razan , Williams Elizabeth D. , de Souza Emma , Simpson Peter T. , Reed Amy E. McCart , Kutasovic Jamie R. , Waltham Mark , Snell Cameron E. , Blick Tony , Thompson Erik W. , Hugo Honor 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancers acquire aggressive capabilities via epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), in which various integrins/integrin linked kinase signalling are upregulated. Methods: We investigated this in two patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) developed from breast-to-bone metastases, and it’s functional significance in a breast cancer cell line system. ED03 and EDW01 PDXs were grown subcutaneously in immunocompromised SCID mice through 11 passages and 7 passages, respectively. Tumour tissue was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) for estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha, E-cadherin, vimentin, Twist1, beta-catenin, P120-RasGAP, CD44, CD24 and Ki67, and RT-qPCR of EMT-related factors (CDH1, VIM, CD44, CD24), integrins beta-1 (ITGB1), alpha-2 (ITGA2) and ILK. Integrin and ILK expression in epidermal growth factor (EGF) induced EMT of the PMC42-ET breast cancer cell line was assessed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting, as were the effects of their transient knockdown via small interfering RNA +/- EGF. Cell migration, changes in cell morphology and adhesion of siRNA-transfected PMC42-ET cells to various extracellular matrix (ECM) substrates was assessed. Results: The ED03 (ER+/PR-/HER2-/lobular) and EDW01 (ER+/PR-/HER2-/ductal) PDXs were both classified as molecular subtype luminal A. ED03 xenografts exhibited mutated E-cadherin with minimal expression, but remained vimentin-negative across all passages. In EDW01, the hypoxic indicator gene CAIX and Twist1 were co-ordinately upregulated at passage 4-5, corresponding with a decrease in E-cadherin. At passages 6-7, vimentin was upregulated along with ITGB1 and ITGA2, consistent with an increasing EMT. The ED03 PDX displayed minimal change over passages in mice, for all genes examined. ILK, ITGB1 and ITGA2 were also increased in the EGF-induced EMT of PMC42-ET cells (in which E-cadherin was downregulated) although siRNA against these targets revealed that this induction was not necessary for the observed EMT. However, their knockdown significantly reduced EMT-associated adhesion and Transwell migration. Conclusion: Our data suggest that despite an increase in integrins alpha-2 and beta-1 in the EMT exhibited by EDW01 PDX over multiple generations, this pathway may not necessarily drive the EMT process.
Global prevalence of hyperuricemia in adolescents from 2000 to 2019: A meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Lihui , Han Shuguang , Liu Fengjing , Chen Si , Chen Xiaoting , Chen Haibing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies of the prevalence of hyperuricemia in adolescents have been limited to specific areas and the global prevalence is unknown. This study was to determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in adolescents worldwide. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all relevant studies in multiple databases. A meta-analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of hyperuricemia in adolescents worldwide. Results: The meta-analysis included 13 articles. The pooled prevalence of hyperuricemia in adolescents was 14.4% (95% CI 9.2–19.5%). Publication bias was observed but the results did not change after a trim and fill test, indicating that the impact of this bias was likely insignificant. Conclusions: Hyperuricemia prevalence in adolescents is high and continues to increase. The prevalence varies with geography, gender, and time. Effective measures should be taken to prevent any further increase in the incidence of adolescent hyperuricemia. Keywords: prevalence, hyperuricemia, adolescents
Neurological outcome after extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for in-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gravesteijn Benjamin , Schluep Marc , Disli Maksud , Garkhail Prakriti , Miranda Dinis Dos Reis , Stolker Robert-Jan , Endeman Henrik , Hoeks Sanne Elisabeth 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is a major adverse event with a high mortality rate if not treated appropriately. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR), as adjunct to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR) is a promising technique for IHCA treatment. Evidence pertaining to neurological outcomes after ECPR is still scarce. MethodsWe performed a comprehensive systematic search of all studies up to December 20th 2019. Our primary outcome was neurological outcome after ECPR at any moment after hospital discharge, defined by the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) score. A score of 1 or 2 was defined as favourable outcome. Our secondary outcome was post-discharge mortality. A fixed-effects meta-analysis was performed. ResultsOur search yielded 1215 results, of which 19 studies were included in this systematic review. The average survival rate was 31% (95% CI: 28-33%, I2=0%, p=0.26). In the surviving patients, the pooled percentage of favourable neurological outcome was 83% (95% CI: 79-87%, I2=24%, p=0.75). ConclusionECPR as treatment for in-hospital cardiac arrest is associated with a large proportion of patients with good neurological outcome. The large proportion of favourable outcome could potentially be explained by the selection of patients for treatment using ECPR. Moreover, survival is higher than described in the conventional CPR literature. As indications for ECPR might extend to older or more fragile patient populations in the future, research should focus on increasing survival, while maintaining optimal neurological outcome.
5-Hydroxytryptamine-3 Receptor Antagonist and Dexamethasone as Prophylaxis for Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting during Moderately Emetic Chemotherapy for Solid Tumors: A Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Study
Authors: Matsui Reiko , Suzuki Kenichi , Takiguchi Tomomi , Nishio Makoto , Koike Takeshi , Hayashi Toshinobu , Seto Takashi , Kogure Yuki , Nogami Naoyuki , Fujiwara Kimiko , Kaneda Hiroyasu , Harada Tomohiko , Shimizu Satoru , Kimura Masashi , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Goto Koichi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Patients receiving moderate emetic risk chemotherapy (MEC) occurs chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in 30–90%, however the optimal antiemetic treatment remains controversial.
Methods
In this multicenter, prospective, observational study of adults treated with MEC for various cancer types in Japan, We enrolled patients kept diaries documenting CINV. All participants received a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist(5HT3RAs) and dexamethasone. We assessed various possible risk factors for complete response (CR; no emetic events and no antiemetic measures), total control (TC; no emetic events , no antiemetic measures and no nausea) and complete control (CC; no emetic events, no antiemetic measures and less than mild nausea) by univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results
Of the 400 patients enrolled from May 2013 to January 2015, 386 were eligible for evaluation. The overall CR rate was 64%, CBDCA-based chemotherapy and oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy were particularly low. However, we showed that the CR rates in men were high in CBDCA(AUC5)＋ETP (80%), CapeOX (78%) and CBDCA+PTX for lung cancer(73% ). Emesis occurred significantly more women (30%) than men (16%) of patients overall. TC and CC were achieved by 51% and 61% of patients. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age <65 years and history of motion sickness or pregnancy-associated vomiting were risk factors for nausea and being women for vomiting.
Conclusions
Our data support triplet regimen including NK1 receptor antagonist with woman receiving CBDCA-based chemotherapy or oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. However, it became clear that two antiemetics for men received CBDCA(AUC5)＋ETP, CBDCA＋PTX for lung cancer and CAPOX may be sufficiently effective. Further individualization of antiemetic regimens for patients receiving MEC on the basis of both type of chemotherapy regimen and sex is needed.
Healthy aging through the lens of community-based practitioners: a focus group study
Authors: Dev Rubee , Zaslavsky Oleg , Cochrane Barbara , Eagen Thomas , Woods Nancy F 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Nearly one in every seven Americans is 65 years and older, facing day-to-day challenge of aging. Although interest in healthy aging is growing, most of the efforts are directed towards understanding the perceptions of older adults. Little is known about the perspectives of community-based practitioners who work with older adults and deliver programs to promote healthy aging. The purpose of this project was to expand knowledge on healthy aging by exploring the perspectives of community-based practitioners working directly with older adults. Methods We purposively sampled community-based practitioners (n=12, including nurses, physician, social workers, and other community services professionals), who then participated in one of three in-depth focus group discussions. Results Three core categories were identified: (1) characteristics of healthy aging; (2) healthy aging attainment; and (3) programs and activities for healthy aging. Participants identified a number of characteristics under person-specific, social, and spiritual dimensions of healthy aging. Healthy aging attainment was represented as facilitators and barriers, and programs and activities through promoting fitness and wellness. Conclusions Although practitioners’ perspectives had some overlap with traditional research and medical views on healthy aging, the unique and holistic model derived provides a more refined foundation for supporting healthy aging.
Minimally invasive beating heart technique for redo mitral valve surgery in patients with giant left ventricle
Authors: zhang hang , Xu Hua shan , Wen Bing , Zhao Wen-zeng , Liu Chao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the feasibility and efficacy of minimally invasive beating heart technique for redo mitral valve surgery in the cardiac patients with giant left ventricle.Methods: Eighty cardiac patients with giant left ventricle according to the diagnostic criteria that left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) was ≥70 mm,who underwent redo mitral valve surgery at our center from January 2006 to January 2019 were analyzed. We divided all patients into minimally invasive beating heart technique group (n=30) and conventional median thoracotomy arrested heart technique group (n=50) according to the surgical methods. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were compared between two groups.Results: Minimally invasive beating heart technique compared to the conventional median thoracotomy arrested heart technique for redo mitral valve surgery in the cardiac patients with giant left ventricle had significant differences in operation time(P=0.002), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time(P<0.001), intraoperative blood loss(P<0.001), postoperative transfusion ratio(P=0.01), postoperative transfusion amount(P<0.001), postoperative drainage volume(P=0.001), extubation time(P=0.04), intensive care unit (ICU) stay time(P=0.04) and postoperative hospital stay time(P<0.001), but no significant differences in re-exploration for bleeding, postoperative 30-day mortality, postoperative complications, and six months postoperative echocardiographic parameters.Conclusions: Using the method of minimally invasive beating heart technique for redo mitral valve surgery in the cardiac patients with giant left ventricle is feasible, effective, reliable and cosmetic, meanwhile reduce the operation time and CPB time, decrease the transfusion ratio and transfusion amount, shorten postoperative ICU stay and hospital stay time, promote the early extubation so that accelerate the patients’ early recovery.