bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steaming Process Does Not Affect The Antioxidant Activities of Tempeh Ethanol Extract
Authors: Surya Reggie , Romulo Andreas 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Tempeh is an Indonesian fermented traditional food made from soybeans. It exhibits antioxidant activities mainly due to phytochemicals known as isoflavones. Since tempeh is mainly consumed cooked, this study investigated the influences of steaming process at three different times (10 min, 30 min and 60 min) on the antioxidant activities of tempeh. While a subtle decrease in antioxidant activities was observed in tempeh aqueous extracts, tempeh ethanol extracts did not differ in antioxidant activities. The results suggested that steaming process, even when applied for an hour, caused very minimal decrease in tempeh antioxidant activities. Such a decrease was particularly observed in the water-soluble fraction but not in the ethanol-soluble fraction. Therefore, steaming could be opted as a good cooking method for tempeh to keep its antioxidant-related health benefits.
Characterization Partial and Lead (Pb) Resistant of Diazotrophs Bacteria
Authors: Linda Tetty Marta , selvina Iin , Martina Atria , Lestari Wahyu , Miranda Mira , Ulfa Gustiani 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Heavy metals have toxic effects on animals, human health, plants, and the environment. Reduction of heavy metal pollution is needed one of which can use diazotrophs bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the characterization partial, the ability of diazotrophs bacteria NR 18, and NR 28 to excrete ammonium and their growth response to lead metal (Pb). The results of the study are known to each excretion ammonium for bacterial isolate NR 18 of 2.25 ppm and bacterial isolate NR 28 of 6.06 ppm. Bacteria NR18 and NR 28 were resistant in media supplement with lead (Pb) with a concentration of 300-600 ppm. In general, diazotrophs bacteria could be explored for bioremediation purposes.
Ecological and Phytocenological Characteristics of the Vegetation of the National Park “Buzuluksky Bor”
Authors: Ryabinina Z.N. , Kalyakina R.G. , Petrova G.V. , Anhalt E.M. , Rjabuchina M.V. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The uniqueness of the territory of Buzuluksky Bor as an object of national and world natural heritage was first identified by outstanding domestic naturalists S.I. Korzhinsky. In historical terms, scientific research in Buzuluk pine forest has been carried out since the creation in the pinery of a scientific base - the pine forest experimental station named after A.P. Tolsky. Buzuluksky Bor's problems include: periodic droughts; forest fires over large areas; previous clear cutting; damage to forest crops by pests. On the territory of Buzuluksky Bor, 679 species of vascular plants belonging to 97 families and 353 genera grow (excluding producers), which makes 56% of the total number of species of the Orenburg region. The dominant breed Buzuluk pine forest is an Scotch pine. Buzuluksky Bor is bordered on almost all sides by a strip of deciduous forest, bordering a treeless steppe. About 40% of the area is currently occupied by pine, 21% by oak, 11% by maple, linden and alder, and about 28% by birch, aspen and other small-leaved species. According to V.N. Sukachev, the pine forests of the Buzuluksky Bor are represented by 17 types, which fall into four groups: a) lichen pine forests (Pineta cladinosa), b) mossy pine forests (Pineta pseudoherbosa), c) false grassy pine forests (Pineta pseudoherbosa), d) complex pine forests).
Total Phenolic Content of Methanol Extract from Buni Fruits (Antidesma bunius L.) Water
Authors: Yasser M. , Rafi Mohamad , Wahyuni Wulan Tri , Asfar Andi Muhamad Iqbal Akbar , Widiyanti Setyo Erna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Buni Fruit Water was extracted with methanol solvent using Ultrasound technology at a temperature of 50°C for 45 minutes. Total Phenolic Content contained in the methanol extract of buni fruits water is 67 mg / g in GAE. The results of interpretation using GCMS obtained three phenolic compounds, namely 3-(Hydrazinomethyl) Phenol, 5 Allyl-2 Methoxy Phenol and 3 (3,5-di-Tertier Butyl, 4-Hydroxyphenyl) Propionic Acid. IR Spectrum analysis results obtained aromatic and OH group as a marker of the presence of phenolic compounds. These results indicate that the Buni fruit water can be developed as functional food.
Optimal Conditions for Chromosomal Dna Isolation and Pcr Amplification of the Internal Transcribe Spacer Rdna Region of Four Riau Penicillium Isolates
Authors: Sukarno Siprianus C , Mariesta Yessica , Gusti Ade G , Rahman Elfina , Saryono  , Nugroho Titania T 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The genus Penicillium has currently 549 described species. Many members of this genus are economically important, both in positive and negative ways. Correct molecular identification of isolated species is important for their utilization. Penicillium LBKURCC37.1, LBKURCC37.2, LBKURCC38 and LBKURCC39 are four strains isolated from Giam Siak Kecil-Bukit Batu Biosphere Reserve natural forest located in Riau. Although already identified morphology as members of Penicillium, their species identity still needs to be determined by molecular methods. The aim of this study was to determine optimal conditions for chromosomal DNA isolation and amplification of the Internal Transcribe Spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA (rDNA) region of Penicillium LBKURCC37.1, LBKURCC37.2, LBKURCC38 and LBKURCC39, for subsequent use in molecular and phylogenetic analysis. Our results show that chromosomal DNA could be isolated from two to three days old cultures, depending on the strain. Various annealing temperatures were explored for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of the ITS rDNA regions of the fungal chromosomal DNA. All strains required an annealing temperature of 42°C before producing PCR bands representing the ITS rDNA region with sizes ranging from 590 bp to 732 bp.
The Novel Synthesis of CaMnO3 Perovskite Type-Oxide and its Catalytic Activity for Degradation of Dye
Authors: Dewi N , Setyarini W , Anggraini R , Siregar S S , Awaluddin A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The CaMnO3 perovskite type-oxide has been synthesized using a citrate sol-gel method using two different MnO2 precursors and calcium carbonate. The cryptomelane-type manganese oxide precursor produced well-crystalline CaMnO3 perovskite, whereas pyrolusite-type manganese oxide (commercial) generated mixtures of CaMnO3 perovskite and un-reacted MnO2 using the same CaCO3 as other precursor. The CaCO3/MnO2 mole ratio seems to play a crucial role to obtain high purity of the CaMnO3 perovskite. The CaMnO3 perovskite proves to have high catalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. This Fenton catalyst is able to degrade 98.5% of MB within 20 minutes of degradation times at pH 2.
Proving the Formula for the Area of a Circle using Hawgent Dynamic Mathematics Software
Authors: Tan S , Wijaya T T , Zou Lingjie , Hermita N 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe purpose of mathematics learning is to understand the basic concept and use it in everyday life. So teaching and learning activities should be centered on the basic concepts. The author use Hawgent dynamic mathematics software to prove the formula for the area of a circle. This research uses the ADDIE model. According to the evaluation result of education and information technology experts, Hawgent dynamic mathematics software can prove the formula for the area of a circle. According to the actual teaching and feedback from teachers and students, Hawgent dynamic mathematics software plays a positive role in proving and understanding of the area formula of a circle. Therefore, using Hawgent dynamic mathematics software in teaching can better help students' classroom learning.
Using Learning Media Based Autoplay Media Studio 8.0 on Student Learning Outcomes in Acid Base Material
Authors: Irfandi  , Erna Maria , Rasmiwetti  
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose of the research to determine student learning outcomes by learning media based autoplay media studio 8.0 on acid-base material in class XI MIPA in SMAN 6 Pekanbaru. The research design used was posttest only group design with Mann-Whitney U nonparametric analysis that there were significant differences in student learning outcomes using learning media based on studio autoplay media 8.0 with the significance of Mann-Whitney U 0,000 <0.005 with an average and observations of student attitudes during the learning process. The results showed learning outcomes of 89 compared to the control class 79. Based on observations of the learning process using the autoplay media studio 8.0 media, it was found that there was an increase in the attitude of cooperation, discipline, responsibility, activeness and curiosity of students. The results of this study are recommended to be applied to online learning.
Prospective elementary teachers’ perspectives on online mathematics learning during coronavirus outbreak
Authors: Putra Zetra Hainul , Witri Gustimal , Sari Intan Kartika 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreaks have changed learning models from face-to-face to online learning. This change has an impact on students' readiness in participating in learning. To deal with this situation, this study aims to investigate prospective elementary teachers’ perspective on online mathematics learning. Thirty-eight prospective elementary teachers from a public teacher institution in Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia, participated in this study. The informants were asked to answer an open question at the end of the course related to their views on online mathematics learning during COVID-19 pandemic. The findings showed that the online course was less effective due to poor internet connection and limited internet quota. Those problems affected their performance on understanding the mathematics contents, interacting with the teacher and other students, and doing assignments. However, few prospective teachers provided positive attitude toward online mathematics learning. An implication for this study was the government must intervene and provide support for online learning success.
Industrial Scale Bioprocess Simulation for Ganoderma Lucidum Production using Superpro Designer
Authors: Araque J , Niño L , Gelves G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum is used by traditional medicine for human infection treatments such as gastric cancer, hypertension, hepatitis, chronic bronchitis and hypocholesterolemia. However, the conventional production of Ganoderma in a solid phase on a large scale is costly and requires excessive processing times, which hinders its technical-economic viability. Based on the preceding, engineering studies are needed to predict their large-scale production, to identify the necessary industrial equipment and costs to propose strategies that reduce operating costs. The SuperPro Designer computational tool is a very versatile simulator used in a wide variety of industrial applications. That is why the purpose of this research is to evaluate the production of the Ganoderma lucidum fungus in large-scale growth culture from a computational approach. The latter, by performing simulations using SuperPro Designer software to identify process yields and propose improvements aimed at increasing productivity. The software was calibrated with experimental data reported from literature and different strategies were intended to determine the economic viability. It was found that the volume of the bioreactor significantly affects production costs compared to exopolysaccharides yields, obtaining values of 6.82 USD/g in a 2 m3 bioreactor while in a production volume of 20 m3 the costs are significantly reduced to 0.8 USD/g. The findings found here demonstrate the importance of predicting a large-scale bioprocess to improve the overall productivity of a biotechnological product.
Evaluation of preliminary plant design for Chlorella vulgaris microalgae production focused on cosmetics purposes
Authors: Caicedo Y , Suarez C , Gelves G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Although there are currently different large-scale microalgae production systems, its performance is subject to high production cost problems. That is why the main goal of this research is analyzing the feasibility of obtaining the Chlorella vulgaris microalgae from a proposed preliminary industrial plant design, considering its use in the cosmeceutical industry as skin care. Parameters used in the SuperPro Designer simulations were programmed based on experimental data reported from bibliography. For biomass and cell extract production, a Bold Basal enriched medium at 1% with soy flour was used. It is found that mass flow significantly affects production costs since a product value of 8.58 USD/ml was estimated operating the plant with 20 kg/h of mass flow. Interestingly 84 % unit reduction cost was improved by operating the proposed plant at 140 kg/h mass flow since 1.34 USD/ml of cosmetic product was determined. These findings show the potentiality of Chlorella vulgaris to be positioned in the world market. The latter, by considering its dependence on a successfully large scale plant. The above, in order to identify potential improvements focused on maximizing productivity and profits at the lowest operating cost.
Prediction of Jakarta Composite Index Using Neural Network Model and Genetic Optimization
Authors: Santoso R , Warsito B , Yasin H 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Researches related to prediction of stock price data have been developing rapidly. Likewise, the modeling techniques used for predictive purposes are also increasing along with advances in the field of computing. This study applied neural network model in predicting the Jakarta Composite Index data as a case of time series. The optimization method used was genetic algorithm. This method is included in one of the heuristic techniques. Unlike standard optimization methods, genetic algorithms do not use gradients as a basis for search techniques. Parameters in the neural network model are obtained from the process of decoding chromosomes from generation to generation. In comparison, the two gradient-based optimization methods were also applied, i.e Conjugate Gradient and Gradient Descent. The results showed the superiority of genetic algorithms compared to other optimization methods in out-sample prediction whereas, the in-sample prediction of gradient-based optimization methods achieve better precision.
Identification of Knowledge Mitigation of Forest and Land Fire Disasters; A Preliminary Study for Management of Disaster Learning in Elementary School
Authors: Noviana Eddy , Kurniaman Otang , Guslinda  , Munjiatun  , Zufriady  , Dewi Ratna Sari 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study aims to identify knowledge of forest and land fire disaster mitigation. Knowledge of disaster mitigation in question is factual knowledge, conceptual knowledge, procedural knowledge, and metacognitive knowledge. The research method uses descriptive quantitative. Research respondents were 99 elementary school students. The results of research on forest and land fire disaster mitigation knowledge on (1) factual knowledge aspects obtained an average score of 57.41 with a sufficient category; (2) aspects of conceptual knowledge gained an average score of 53.54 in the sufficient category; (3) aspects of procedural knowledge gained fewer categories with an average score of 42.09; (4) aspects of metacognitive knowledge fewer categories with an average score of 38.73. The conclusion of the research is the knowledge of forest fire, and land fire disaster mitigation students in elementary schools was identified in the fewer category with an average score of 49.19.
Live Expectancy Modelling using Spatial Durbin Robust Model
Authors: Hakim Arief Rachman , Warsito Budi , Yasin Hasbi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Spatial regression model is a model used to determine the relationship between response variables and predictor variables that have spatial influence in them. If the two variables have spatial influence, then the model that will be formed is the Spatial Durbin Model. One of the causes of the inaccuracy of the spatial regression model in predicting is observations of outliers. Removing outliers in spatial analysis can change the composition of spatial effects on the data. One method of settlement due to outliers in the spatial regression model is to use robust spatial regression. The application of the M-estimator parameter estimator principle is done in estimating the coefficient of spatial regression parameters that are robust to outliers. The results of modelling by applying the principle of M-estimator estimator on estimating the robust Spatial Durbin Model regression parameters are expected to be able to accommodate the existence of outliers in the spatial regression model. One example of the application of the Spatial Durbin Model Robust is the case of life expectancy modelling.
Evaluation of Root Traits at the Seeding Stage Using Rhizobox System
Authors: Deviona  
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Studying and observing the distribution of roots as the ‘hidden half’ is very complicated because it requires an appropriate method and an understanding of the significant influences of the environment on the root growth. The root system is recognized as having a relationship with the crop productivity, thus can be optimized to increase crop productivity, particularly for growth under low input condition involving unevenly distributed water and nutrient surrounding the rhizosphere. The aim of this study is to evaluate the root growth in the seeding stage and QTL analysis using the Rhizobox system. In this study, ninety-three recombinant inbred lines originated from a cross between Peking and Tamahomare (PT-RILs) were used to identify for the QTL analysis. The seed of the soybean is planted in germination paper in the Rhizobox system for six days. Root parameters are the number of roots, root length, root growth angle (measured from the vertical axis by using software Image J), root width, and root depth. The results showed that for all traits, the PT RILs population exhibited a broad and continuous distribution of values ranging between the values of the parental cultivar. A total of nine putative QTLs were identified for the eight of the nine tested traits. No significant QTLs for root growth angle was detected. The phenotypic variation explained by each QTL range 14-21 %. In terms of root surface area, two major QTL was located on Chr.9 and Chr.19 for root width and root depth. Meanwhile QTLs for root length was located on Chr.8 and Chr.11
Microplastics in Gastrointestinal Track of Some Commercial Fishes from Bengkalis Waters, Riau Province Indonesia
Authors: Amin Bintal , Febriani Intan Suci , Nurrachmi Irvina , Fauzi M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Microplastic is a particle that has a size of <5 mm, where its existence might be able to contaminate the biota in the aquatic environment. This research was conducted in the coastal waters of Bengkalis Island in early 2020 with the aim to determine the types and analyze its abundance of microplastics in each area with suspected different sources of input. Thirty six individual samples of Duri fish (Arius maculatus), Lomek (Harpodon nehereus), and Biang (Setipinna breviceps) were collected from the north and south parts of Bengkalis island with the help of local fishermen in each sampling location. The average abundance of microplastics found in the gastrointestinal tract of fish was 62.96 particles/ind which consisted of fiber, film and fragment. The highest microplastics abundance was found in Duri fish (72.22 particles/ind), whilst the lowest was found in Lomek fish (55.56 particles/ind). Although the abundance of microplastic in coastal waters of north Bengkalis (Malacca Straits area) were higher that that in the south of Bengkalis (Begkalis Straits area), statistically they were not significantly different (p>0.05). This was presumably due to differences in oceanographic influences such as current and waves between the two water masses as well as anthropogenic activities in both areas that can affect the spread and distribution of microplastics.
Pit Composting Methods for Community Based Waste Treatment (A Case Study in Ngadimulyo Village)
Authors: Sumiyati S , Lantip D S , Huboyo H S , Ramadan B S , Hadiwidodo M , Samadikun B P , Wirawan A P , Rofiq I A , Yumaroh S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The estimated municipal solid waste produced in Temanggung District is 486.8 tons/day, with a large composition of organic waste, which is around 70% of the total waste generation. Community participation in village waste management is a form of community institutional strengthening in the village waste management. A waste management plan is needed as a program to create a zero-waste society in Ngadimulyo Village. This study aims to analyze the potential and existing conditions of waste management and plan a pit composting system for waste management. The technique used in this study is a survey, composting test, making compost pits that after this called kowen or pit composting, and testing the maturity of compost. Better waste management can be developed with operational engineering sub-systems and the application of appropriate technology.
What’s Wrong with Palm Oil, Why is it Accused of Damaging the Environment?
Authors: Syahza Almasdi , Irianti Mitri , Suwondo  , Nasrul Besri 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the strategies for empowering rural economies based on oil palm in an effort to control the potential environmental impacts in the development of oil palm plantations. The research location in Riau Province area. The commodity of palm oil is the most popular especially in the Riau region. The area of oil palm plantations in 2001 was 1,119,798 ha, increasing to 2,503,566 ha in 2017 with an average growth of 5.16% per year. Other plantations such as rubber and coconut actually experienced a decline. The expansion of the plantation area is followed by an increase in the production of crude palm oil. The CPO production capability in the Riau region is supported by 261 units of palm oil mill (POM) with a capacity of processing 12,470 tons per hour. Oil palm plantation activities contribute to the regional and national economy. Oil palm farming has proven to be able to improve the welfare of the community and reduce poverty. The government has issued a policy, the development of oil palm plantations must be in line with the goals of sustainable development (SDGs).