bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial Effect of Essential Oil of Thymus capitatus from Northern Cyprus and Its Gargle Preformulation
Authors: Yavuz Dudu Özkum , Özalp Yıldız , Tuncay Banu , Altanlar Nurten , Şimşek Duygu 
Published: May 2020

Aims: The aim of this study is to prepare herbal gargle preformulations making use of essential oil of aerial parts of Thymus capitatus growing wild in Northern Cyprus and comparing antimicrobial efficacy between these formulations with pure essential oil.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC and Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey, between January 2017 and June 2017.
Methodology: Preformulations with three different concentrations of Thymus capitatus essential oil were prepared by using simple preparation method. Preformulation studies were done in lab with less than 500 ml. There is not specific process parameters. Manufacturing process and process parameters will be clarified with further studies. These compositions and the essential oil were tested in-vitro for antimicrobial activity studies by using broth microdilution method. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Klebsiella pneumoniae RSKK 574, Salmonella paratyphi C, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 as bacteria and Candida albicans ATCC 10231, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 as yeasts were used for antimicrobial activity tests.
Results: All trials were found to be more effective than EO, and a significant effect was observed when compared to the values ​​of standard antimicrobial agents.
Conclusion: TheThymus capitatus growing in Northern Cyprus could be used as a herbal raw material, essential oil source in developing herbal gargle preformulations to reduce fungal and bacterial infections in mouth.
Knowledge of Root Canal Treatment and Its Association with Patients’ Demographics – A Cross-Sectional Insight
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Zahid , Al-Saikhan Fahad I. , Rajan Sawri , Iqbal Muhammad Shahid 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Endodontics is the division of dentistry that mainly dealt with the physiology, pathophysiology, pathology and morphology of human dental tissues. The study determined the knowledge among patients who underwent root canal treatment (RCT).
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried among RCT patients visiting various dental clinics. A validated self-administered questionnaire including information related to knowledge about RCT was used to collect required data. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 22.0 was used to analyze the data.
Results: Regarding the RCT knowledge, it was revealed that patients with previous RCT history were having better knowledge than patients without RCT history or those who were planning to undergo for RCT procedure (p= <0.001). Differences between smoking status and RCT knowledge were also statistically significant (p=0.048).
Conclusion: In conclusion, moderate knowledge was observed among patients who underwent RCT or those who were planning to perform RCT.
On the complexity of helical tomotherapy treatment plans
Authors: Santos Tania , Ventura Tiago , Mateus Josefina , Capela Miguel , Lopes Maria do Carmo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeMultiple metrics are proposed to characterize and compare the complexity of helical tomotherapy (HT) plans created for different treatment sites.MethodsA cohort composed of 208 HT plans from head and neck (105), prostate (51) and brain (52) tumor sites was considered. For each plan, 14 complexity metrics were calculated. Those metrics evaluate the percentage of leaves with small opening times or approaching the projection duration, the percentage of closed leaves, the amount of tongue‐and‐groove effect, and the overall modulation of the planned sinogram. To enable data visualization, an approach based on principal component analysis was followed to reduce the dataset dimensionality. This allowed the calculation of a global plan complexity score. The correlation between plan complexity and pretreatment verification results using the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients was investigated.ResultsAccording to the global score, the most complex plans were the head and neck tumor cases, followed by the prostate and brain lesions irradiated with stereotactic technique. For almost all individual metrics, head and neck plans confirmed to be the plans with the highest complexity. Nevertheless, prostate cases had the highest percentage of leaves with an opening time approaching the projection duration, whereas the stereotactic brain plans had the highest percentage of closed leaves per projection. Significant correlations between some of the metrics and the pretreatment verification results were identified for the stereotactic brain group.ConclusionsThe proposed metrics and the global score demonstrated to be useful to characterize and quantify the complexity of HT plans of different treatment sites. The reported differences inter‐ and intra‐group may be valuable to guide the planning process aiming at reducing uncertainties and harmonize planning strategies.
Ultra‐Efficient and High‐Quality White Light‐Emitting Devices using Fluorescent Proteins in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Sadeghi Sadra , Melikov Rustamzhon , Conkar Deniz , Firat‐Karalar Elif Nur , Nizamoglu Sedat 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe transformation of electronics toward “green” and efficient devices is critical for the environmental sustainability and energy future. So far, majority of efficient lighting devices have been realized by artificial optical materials such as rare‐earth‐elements‐doped phosphors, colloidal quantum dots (QDs) and dyes. In this study, red‐emitting mScarlet and green‐emitting eGFP fluorescent proteins are determined for high‐performance white LEDs, expressed in living Escherichia coli and the purified proteins are integrated in their natural aqueous environment onto blue LED chips. The aqueous integration preserved quantum yield levels of the proteins above 70% in the device architecture and facilitated a high luminous efficiency (LE) of 81 lm W−1 with a color rendering index (CRI) of 83, which is the most efficient eco‐friendly white LED reported to date. Moreover, the concentration ratio are also optimized of red‐ and green‐emitting proteins and white protein‐based LEDs with a maximum CRI of 92 are demonstrated. This study shows that fluorescent proteins hold great promise for the next generation eco‐friendly, efficient and high‐quality white light sources.
Inkjet Printing Matrix Perovskite Quantum Dot Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Li Danyang , Wang Junjie , Li Miaozi , Xie Gancheng , Guo Biao , Mu Lan , Li Haiyang , Wang Jian , Yip Hin‐Lap , Peng Junbiao 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPerovskite light emitting devices have been expected to be utilized in the field of displays. In this work, a stable FA0.3Cs0.7PbBr3 perovskite quantum dot ink with optimized octane:dodecane cosolvent is obtained by introducing a trace amount of long‐chain ligand of oleylamine (OAm) during the quantum dot purification process. A green electroluminescent matrix device with 120 pixels per inch (PPI) is realized from the ink by using an inkjet printing technique, exhibiting a luminance of 1233 cd m−2, a peak current efficiency of 10.3 cd A−1, and an external quantum efficiency of 2.8%. The results may suggest a possibility of making perovskite quantum dot displays by using the inkjet printing technique.
Electrohydrodynamic and Aerosol Jet Printing for the Copatterning of Polydimethylsiloxane and Graphene Platelet Inks
Authors: Wilkinson Nathan J. , Kay Robert W. , Harris Russell A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe performance of soft sensing and actuation devices is dependent on their design, the electro‐mechanical response of materials, and the ability to copattern structural and functional features. For film based soft structures, such as wearable sensors and artificial muscles, manufacturing challenges exist that prevent the translation of technology from laboratory to practical application. In this work, a hybrid manufacturing technique is presented that integrates electro‐hydrodynamic and aerosol jet deposition to print multilayer, multimaterial structures. The combined approach overcomes the respective rheological constraints of the individual processes, while presenting a pathway to higher resolution computer‐controlled patterning. Electro‐hydrodynamic deposition of a polydimethylsiloxane elastomer is demonstrated and characterized, before being combined with aerosol jet deposition of a graphene platelet ink to produce functional devices. A proof‐of‐concept, multilayer capacitive sensor is presented as a first demonstration of the manufacturing technology.
Miniaturized Magnetic Sensors for Implantable Magnetomyography
Authors: Zuo Siming , Heidari Hadi , Farina Dario , Nazarpour Kianoush 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMagnetism‐based systems are widely utilized for sensing and imaging biological phenomena, for example, the activity of the brain and the heart. Magnetomyography (MMG) is the study of muscle function through the inquiry of the magnetic signal that a muscle generates when contracted. Within the last few decades, extensive effort has been invested to identify, characterize and quantify the magnetomyogram signals. However, it is still far from a miniaturized, sensitive, inexpensive and low‐power MMG sensor. Herein, the state‐of‐the‐art magnetic sensing technologies that have the potential to realize a low‐profile implantable MMG sensor are described. The technical challenges associated with the detection of the MMG signals, including the magnetic field of the Earth and movement artifacts are also discussed. Then, the development of efficient magnetic technologies, which enable sensing pico‐Tesla signals, is advocated to revitalize the MMG technique. To conclude, spintronic‐based magnetoresistive sensing can be an appropriate technology for miniaturized wearable and implantable MMG systems.
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy of Bright and Dark Modes in Hyperbolic Metamaterial Nanostructures
Authors: Isoniemi Tommi , Maccaferri Nicolò , Ramasse Quentin M. , Strangi Giuseppe , De Angelis Francesco 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLayered metal/dielectric hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) support a wide landscape of plasmon polariton excitations. In addition to surface plasmon polaritons, coupled Bloch‐like gap‐plasmon polaritons with high modal confinement inside the multilayer are supported. Photons can excite only a subset of these polaritonic modes, typically with a limited energy and momentum range in respect to the wide set of high‐K modes supported by hyperbolic dispersion media, and coupling with gratings or local excitation is necessary. Strikingly, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope allows nm‐scale local excitation and mapping of the spatial field distribution of all the modes supported by a photonic or plasmonic structure, both bright and dark, and also all other inelastic interactions of the beam, including phonons and interband transitions. Herein, experimental evidence of the spatial distribution of plasmon polaritons in multilayered type II HMM nanostructures is acquired with an aloof electron beam adjacent to structures of current interest. HMM pillars are useful for their separation and adjustability of optical scattering and absorption, while HMM slot cavities can be used as waveguides with high field confinement. The nature of the modes is confirmed with corresponding simulations of EEL and optical spectra and near‐field intensities.
Ethylene Glycol: A Green Solvent for Visible Light‐Promoted Aerobic Transition Metal‐Free Cascade Sulfonation/Cyclization Reaction
Authors: Jiang Yu‐Qin , Li Jing , Feng Zhi‐Wen , Xu Gui‐Qing , Shi Xin , Ding Qing‐Jie , Li Wei , Ma Chun‐Hua , Yu Bing 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWith ethylene glycol as a green solvent, a general transition metal‐free photocatalytic system using 9‐mesityl‐10‐methylacridinium perchlorate (Acr+−Mes ⋅ ClO4−) as catalyst was developed for the synthesis of sulfone‐containing heterocycles including thioflavones, oxindoles, and quinoline‐2,4(1H,3H)‐diones through the cascade sulfonation/cyclization reactions under the irradiation of blue light at room temperature.magnified image
Biodegradable Silica‐Based Nanoparticles with Improved and Safe Delivery of Protoporphyrin IX for the In Vivo Photodynamic Therapy of Breast Cancer
Authors: Lyles Zachary K. , Tarannum Mubin , Mena Cayli , Inada Natalia M. , Bagnato Vanderlei S. , Vivero‐Escoto Juan L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSilica‐based nanoplatforms are highly versatile and attractive delivery systems for cancer treatment. These platforms have been used for the effective delivery of pharmacological agents in preclinical settings. Though silicon oxide is found naturally in the human body, a major limitation associated with silica‐based nanoparticles is their slow biodegradability. Therefore, the potential risks related to the longer bioaccumulation of these materials can be significant. In this work, the synthesis and application of a novel silica‐based nanoplatform, polysilsesquioxane nanoparticles (PSilQ NPs) is reported. The developed PSilQ material contains stimuli‐responsive properties, and improves biodegradability for the efficient delivery of a clinically relevant photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX. Herein, it is demonstrated that the PSilQ nanoplatform is biocompatible and exhibits enhanced biodegradability in an immune‐competent mouse model. In addition, PSilQ NPs show phototherapeutic efficiency for reducing the tumor burden in an orthotopic model of triple‐negative breast cancer. These results may pave the way for the future clinical evaluation of this silica‐based nanoplatform.
Recent Advances in Plasmonic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Siavash Moakhar Roozbeh , Gholipour Somayeh , Masudy‐Panah Saeid , Seza Ashkan , Mehdikhani Ali , Riahi‐Noori Nastaran , Tafazoli Saeede , Timasi Nazanin , Lim Yee‐Fun , Saliba Michael 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged recently as promising candidates for next generation photovoltaics and have reached power conversion efficiencies of 25.2%. Among the various methods to advance solar cell technologies, the implementation of nanoparticles with plasmonic effects is an alternative way for photon and charge carrier management. Surface plasmons at the interfaces or surfaces of sophisticated metal nanostructures are able to interact with electromagnetic radiation. The properties of surface plasmons can be tuned specifically by controlling the shape, size, and dielectric environment of the metal nanostructures. Thus, incorporating metallic nanostructures in solar cells is reported as a possible strategy to explore the enhancement of energy conversion efficiency mainly in semi‐transparent solar cells. One particularly interesting option is PSCs with plasmonic structures enable thinner photovoltaic absorber layers without compromising their thickness while maintaining a high light harvest. In this Review, the effects of plasmonic nanostructures in electron transport material, perovskite absorbers, the hole transport material, as well as enhancement of effective refractive index of the medium and the resulting solar cell performance are presented. Aside from providing general considerations and a review of plasmonic nanostructures, the current efforts to introduce these plasmonic structures into semi‐transparent solar cells are outlined.
Robust Swing‐Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Efficient Blue Energy Harvesting
Authors: Jiang Tao , Pang Hao , An Jie , Lu Pinjing , Feng Yawei , Liang Xi , Zhong Wei , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOcean wave energy is a promising renewable energy source, but harvesting such irregular, “random,” and mostly ultra‐low frequency energies is rather challenging due to technological limitations. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) provide a potential efficient technology for scavenging ocean wave energy. Here, a robust swing‐structured triboelectric nanogenerator (SS‐TENG) with high energy conversion efficiency for ultra‐low frequency water wave energy harvesting is reported. The swing structure inside the cylindrical TENG greatly elongates its operation time, accompanied with multiplied output frequency. The design of the air gap and flexible dielectric brushes enable mininized frictional resistance and sustainable triboelectric charges, leading to enhanced robustness and durability. The TENG performance is controlled by external triggering conditions, with a long swing time of 88 s and a high energy conversion efficiency, as well as undiminished performance after continuous triggering for 4 00 000 cycles. Furthermore, the SS‐TENG is demonstrated to effectively harvest water wave energy. Portable electronic devices are successfully powered for self‐powered sensing and environment monitoring. Due to the excellent performance of the distinctive mechanism and structure, the SS‐TENG in this work provides a good candidate for harvesting blue energy on a large scale.
Maternal and paternal effects on offspring internalizing problems: Results from genetic and family‐based analyses
Authors: Jami Eshim S. , Eilertsen Espen Moen , Hammerschlag Anke R. , Qiao Zhen , Evans David M. , Ystrøm Eivind , Bartels Meike , Middeldorp Christel M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIt is unclear to what extent parental influences on the development of internalizing problems in offspring are explained by indirect genetic effects, reflected in the environment provided by the parent, in addition to the genes transmitted from parent to child. In this study, these effects were investigated using two innovative methods in a large birth cohort. Using maternal‐effects genome complex trait analysis (M‐GCTA), the effects of offspring genotype, maternal or paternal genotypes, and their covariance on offspring internalizing problems were estimated in 3,801 mother–father–child genotyped trios. Next, estimated genetic correlations within pedigree data, including 10,688 children, were used to estimate additive genetic effects, maternal and paternal genetic effects, and a shared family effect using linear mixed effects modeling. There were no significant maternal or paternal genetic effects on offspring anxiety or depressive symptoms at age 8, beyond the effects transmitted via the genetic pathway between parents and children. However, indirect maternal genetic effects explained a small, but nonsignificant, proportion of variance in childhood depressive symptoms in both the M‐GCTA (~4%) and pedigree (~8%) analyses. Our results suggest that parental effects on offspring internalizing problems are predominantly due to transmitted genetic variants, rather than the indirect effect of parental genes via the environment.
Comprehensive and High‐Throughput Exploration of Chemical Space Using Broadband 19F NMR‐Based Screening
Authors: Lingel Andreas , Vulpetti Anna , Reinsperger Tony , Proudfoot Andrew , Denay Regis , Frommlet Alexandra , Henry Christelle , Hommel Ulrich , Gossert Alvar D. , Luy Burkhard , Frank Andreas O. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFragment‐based lead discovery has become a fundamental approach to identify ligands that efficiently interact with disease‐relevant targets. Among the numerous screening techniques, fluorine‐detected NMR has gained popularity owing to its high sensitivity, robustness, and ease of use. To effectively explore chemical space, a universal NMR experiment, a rationally designed fragment library, and a sample composition optimized for a maximal number of compounds and minimal measurement time are required. Here, we introduce a comprehensive method that enabled the efficient assembly of a high‐quality and diverse library containing nearly 4000 fragments and screening for target‐specific binders within days. At the core of the approach is a novel broadband relaxation‐edited NMR experiment that covers the entire chemical shift range of drug‐like 19F motifs in a single measurement. Our approach facilitates the identification of diverse binders and the fast ligandability assessment of new targets.
Magnetically Induced Alignment of Natural Products for Stereochemical Structure Determination via NMR
Authors: Karschin Niels , Wolkenstein Klaus , Griesinger Christian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAnisotropic NMR has gained increasing popularity to determine the structure and specifically the configuration of small, flexible, non‐crystallizable molecules. However, it suffers from the necessity to dissolve the analyte in special media such as liquid crystals or polymer gels. Generally, small degrees of alignment are also caused by an anisotropic magnetic susceptibility of the molecule, for example, induced by aromatic moieties. For this mechanism, the alignment can be predicted via density functional theory. Here we show that both residual dipolar couplings and residual chemical shift anisotropies can be acquired from natural products without special sample preparation using magnetically induced alignment. On the two examples of the novel natural product gymnochrome G and the alkaloid strychnine, these data, together with the predicted alignment, yield the correct configuration with high certainty.
Total Syntheses of (−)‐Strictosidine and Related Indole Alkaloid Glycosides
Authors: Sakamoto Jukiya , Umeda Yuhei , Rakumitsu Kenta , Sumimoto Michinori , Ishikawa Hayato 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA collective synthesis of glycosylated monoterpenoid indole alkaloids is reported. A highly diastereoselective Pictet–Spengler reaction with α‐cyanotryptamine and secologanin tetraacetate as substrates, followed by a reductive decyanation reaction, was developed for the synthesis of (−)‐strictosidine, which is an important intermediate in biosynthesis. This two‐step chemical method was established as an alternative to the biosynthetically employed strictosidine synthase. Furthermore, after carrying out chemical and computational studies, a transition state for induction of diastereoselectivity in our newly discovered Pictet–Spengler reaction is proposed. Having achieved the first enantioselective total synthesis of (−)‐strictosidine in just 10 steps, subsequent bioinspired transformations resulted in the concise total syntheses of (−)‐strictosamide, (−)‐neonaucleoside A, (−)‐cymoside, and (−)‐3α‐dihydrocadambine.
Fluctuating Storage of the Active Phase in a Mn‐Na2WO4/SiO2 Catalyst for the Oxidative Coupling of Methane
Authors: Werny Maximilian J. , Wang Yuanqing , Girgsdies Frank , Schlögl Robert , Trunschke Annette 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStructural dynamics of a Mn‐Na2WO4/SiO2 catalyst were detected directly under reaction conditions during the oxidative coupling of methane via in situ XRD and operando Raman spectroscopy. A new concept of fluctuating storage and release of an active phase in heterogeneous catalysis is proposed that involves the transient generation of active sodium oxide species via a reversible reaction of Na2WO4 with Mn7SiO12. The process is enabled by phase transitions and melting at the high reaction temperatures that are typically applied.