bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bionanocomposite of Gelatin–ZnO Nanoparticles as Potential Edible Coating for Broiler Chicken Fillet
Authors: Meindrawan Bayu , Putri Saphira , Susanto Clarissa Sarah , Ofe Ofe , Mangindaan Dave , Ayman Azzadin , Kasih Tota Pirdo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this report, edible coating based on polymeric bionanocomposite of gelatin and ZnO nanoparticles to improve the quality of the broiler chicken fillet during storage is explored. With the addition of ZnO nanoparticles of 0.048% w/w in a solution containing 4% gelatin, the fabricated bionanocomposite film decreases the water vapor transfer rate by 27.54%, increases the tensile strength by 61.32%, reduces polymer film elongation by 60%, and inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by more than 90%, compared to control (gelatin coating with 0% ZnO NPs). When applied to broiler chicken fillet stored in room temperature for 8 h, the gelatin–ZnO NPs 0.048% w/w bionanocomposite polymeric edible coating has the lowest weight loss rate of 17%, maintains hardness at around 80 N, stabilizes the pH of the coated chicken at 6, without any indication of rancidity or slime, with total microorganisms (4.23 log CFU mL−1) significantly below the limit set by Indonesian National Standard SNI 01–3924:2009 (5 log CFU mL−1). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the manufactured polymeric gelatin–ZnO bionanocomposite is very promising for edible coating for poultry industries, and open doors for applications in meat or fruit industries.
Study on the Flammability and Thermal Stability of Non Halogen UPR‐Based Fire Retardant Composite through Combination of Carbon Black and Hydroxide Additives
Authors: Arfiana  , Saputra Asep H. , Murti Sri D. S. , Saputra Hens 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe non‐halogen UPR‐based fire retardant composites are successfully made by combining the hydroxide additives and carbon black. The composites are synthesized by varying the concentration of carbon black (2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 % wt) respectively, at the constant concentration of Al(OH)3 40 % wt, and Mg(OH)2 10 % wt. The flammability of fire retardant composite is studied by using UL‐94 V flammability test to investigate the ignition time, burning time, and time taken to retard the fire. While the thermal stability of composite is characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis. The flammability test result shows that the addition of carbon black at all concentration with the constant concentration of hydroxide additives could improve the fire retardancy of composite by increasing the time to ignition, reducing the burning time, and gave V‐0 flammability rating. Moreover, the utilization of carbon black 2.5 % wt can enhance the thermal stability of composite by increasing the decomposition temperature, decreasing the mass loss rate, and total mass loss. The morphology of the composite before and after the flammability test are also tested to study the changes of the material structure.
Thermal and Morphological Properties of Cellulose Nanofiber from Pseudo‐Stem Fiber of Abaca (Musa Textilis)
Authors: Saragih Sri Wahyuna , Wirjosentono Basuki , Eddyanto  , Meliana Yenny 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the current study, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) has been isolated using the steam explosion method. The objective of this research is to determine the thermal and morphological properties of CNF from pseudo‐stem fiber of abaca (Musa textilis). The obtained CNF is isolated using three steps: (1) Isolation of α‐cellulose using alkaline and acid hydrolysis, (2) treatment of obtained α‐cellulose with steam explosion methods in the presence of H2C2O4 11wt%, and (3) homogenization of CNF. The obtained CNF is characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and thermal analysis (TGA). The FT‐IR spectra of CNF show the presence of typical vibration from ─OH and ─CH3 at 3600–3300 and 2900–2800 cm−1. The TEM image shows the average fiber width of the obtained CNF is about 5.5 nm, which is in the range 2.90–8.32 nm. Based on XRD spectra, the crystallinity of CNF is higher than α‐cellulose. TGA analysis shows α‐cellulose has better thermal stability than raw abaca fiber and CNF. The presence of lignin and hemicellulose plays a big role in the low thermal stability of raw abaca fiber and CNF. This thermal stability is evaluated from the initial decomposition temperature of raw abaca fiber, α‐cellulose, and CNF at 284, 317, and 300 °C.
Ghost‐Mirror Approach for Accurate and Efficient Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of Seeded Emulsion Polymerization
Authors: Tripathi Amit K. , Tsavalas John G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) method is well suited to the simulation of seeded emulsion polymerization reactions. Inadequate simulation volume results in an incorrect radical entry rate, and as such that inaccuracy propagates into the particle phase simulation. A novel kMC method is described here that has coined the Ghost‐Mirror approach (GM‐kMC) to guarantee sufficient aqueous phase simulation volume while minimizing the number of dispersed phase environments, and while maintaining accuracy and consistency with results produced by kMC simulations. To do so, a subset of a kMC method is replicated where only the aqueous phase reactions are treated in that extended volume; particle phases in those replicated volumes are untreated, as “ghosts”. In doing so, a critical condition for aqueous phase simulation volume is calculated to yield accurate results in the overall system. Important to emphasize though is that one does not require the equivalent number of simulated particles in the GM‐kMC approaches. The required number of particles to simulate accurate results can be even orders of magnitude smaller than the kMC approach; inherently offering significant gains in computational efficiency. This is extended further, reducing the required simulation time, by a hybrid extension to this GM‐kMC method.
A Prospective Validation of the Updated Movement Disorders Society Research Criteria for Prodromal Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Giagkou Nikolaos , Maraki Maria I. , Yannakoulia Mary , Kosmidis Mary H. , Dardiotis Efthimios , Hadjigeorgiou Georgios M. , Sakka Paraskevi , Ntanasi Eva , Anastasiou Costas A. , Xiromerisiou Georgia , Stefanis Leonidas , Scarmeas Nikolaos , Stamelou Maria 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe objective of this study was to validate the recently updated research criteria for prodromal Parkinson's disease (pPD) proposed by the International Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Society.MethodsA total of 16 of 21 markers of pPD were ascertained in the Hellenic Longitudinal Investigation of Aging and Diet cohort composed of community‐dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years. The probability of pPD was calculated for 961 individuals without Parkinson's disease (PD) or dementia with Lewy bodies at baseline who were followed‐up for a median of 3 years. The ability of the criteria to predict conversion to PD/dementia with Lewy bodies was assessed by estimating their sensitivity and specificity, plotting receiver operating characteristics curves, and using logistic regression. These analyses were repeated using the original criteria.ResultsNo incident PD/dementia with Lewy bodies case had probable pPD at baseline (ie, ≥80% pPD probability). At cut‐offs of 10%, 30%, and 50% probability of pPD, the sensitivity and specificity of the criteria ranged from 4.5% to 27.3%, and 85.7% to 98.3% respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.691 (95% confidence intervals, 0.605–0.777). In logistic regression models, the criteria‐derived posttest odds of pPD were a significant predictor of conversion at follow‐up. The updated criteria performed similarly to the original but showed a slight increase in sensitivity.ConclusionsThe new criteria demonstrated suboptimal sensitivity in our random sample of community‐dwelling individuals. The absence of specialized assessments with high likelihood ratios in our cohort could be hindering the demonstration of higher sensitivities. Such assessments should be a part of future validation attempts. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
The impact of high temperatures and extreme heat to delays on the London Underground rail network: An empirical study
Authors: Greenham Sarah , Ferranti Emma , Quinn Andrew , Drayson Katherine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRail infrastructure is vulnerable to extreme weather events, resulting in damage and delays to networks. The impact of heat is a major concern for the London Underground (LU) by Transport for London (TfL) both now and in future, but existing studies are limited to passenger comfort on the deep tube and do not focus on infrastructure or the vast majority of the network, which is in fact above ground. For the first time, the present empirical study examines quantitatively the statistical relationship between LU delays (by synthesizing 2011–2016 industry data) with air temperature data (from Met Office archives). A range of testing shows strong statistical relationships between most delay variables and high temperatures, though not causality. Relationships were found between high temperatures and delays associated with different asset classes on different LU lines. Track‐related delays, often the focus of high‐temperature research (i.e. track buckling), show a relationship, although this is small relative to delays caused by other assets. Using UK Climate Projections 2009 (UKCP09) and assuming a similar future performance indicates that the share of annual delays owed to temperatures > 24°C may increase in frequency and length, depending on the emissions scenario. Recommendations include extending the analysis to the LU asset scale and considering the local environment to understand failure causality in order to mitigate future heat risk. A review of how TfL and other infrastructure operators capture delays for future analysis is necessary to facilitate climate resilience benchmarking between networks.
Recurrent de novo WFS1 pathogenic variants in Chinese sporadic patients with nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Guan Jing , Wang Hongyang , Lan Lan , Wu Yusen , Chen Guohui , Zhao Cui , Wang Dayong , Wang Qiuju 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundHereditary hearing loss (HL) is heterogeneous in terms of their phenotypic features, modes of inheritance, and causative gene mutations. The contribution of genetic variants to sporadic HL remains largely expanding. Either recessive or de novo dominant variants could result in an apparently sporadic occurrence of HL. In an attempt to find such variants we recruited 128 Chinese patients with sporadic nonsyndromic sensorineural HL (NSHL) and performed targeted deafness multigene sequencing in these unrelated trios‐families to elucidate the molecular basis.MethodsWe analyzed a total of 384 available members (probands and their two parents) from 128 unrelated Chinese families presenting with bilateral sensorineural HL, in which previous screening had found no mutations with the GJB2, SLC26A4, and MT‐RNR1 genes. We used a targeted genomic enrichment platform to simultaneously capture exons, splicing sites, and immediate flanking intron sequences of 127 known deafness genes. Sanger sequencing was used to identify probands and their two parents segregating causative variants in the candidate gene.ResultsWe observed that two heterozygous de novo WFS1 mutations in exon 8: c.2051C>T (p.A684V) and c.2590G>A (p.E864K) in five families. The two de novo WFS1 mutations were found in 3.9% (5/128) of sporadic HL patients. We found that four of the five patients had the same de novo p.A684V mutation, and their audiograms showed symmetrical bilateral and profound sensorineural hearing impairments at all frequencies, but only the proband with de novo p.E864K mutation demonstrated significantly bilateral moderate low–mid frequency sensorineural HL. Our data suggest that this WFS1 p.A684V is likely to be a de novo mutational hot spot.ConclusionsWe found 3.9% (5/128) of sporadic NSHL is caused by de novo WFS1 mutations. Our data provide that the de novo p.E864K mutation is first identified and de novo p.A684V mutation is likely to be a mutational hot spot in WFS1. It is the first study to highlight that WFS1 gene with the two de novo mutations has been indicated to classify the distinct hearing impairment phenotypes. Furthermore, de novo p.A684V serves as a WFS1 mutational hot spot that was found in the Chinese population with sporadic childhood NSHL, and our study also provides pointers toward the necessity for sequencing of asymptomatic parents of a sporadic case with an apparent dominant pathogenic variant.
High/low‐volume center experience predicts outcome of AMS 800 in male stress incontinence: Results of a large middle European multicenter case series
Authors: Queissert Fabian , Hüsch Tanja , Kretschmer Alexander , Anding Ralf , Kirschner‐Hermanns Ruth , Pottek Tobias , Olianas Roberto , Friedl Alexander , Homberg Roland , Pfitzenmaier Jesco , Naumann Carsten M. , Nyarangi‐Dix Joanne , Hofmann Torben , Rose Achim , Schweiger Josef , Hübner Wilhelm , Loertzer Hagen , Bauer Ricarda M. , Haferkamp Axel , Schrader Andres J. ,   Debates On Male Incontinence (DOMINO)‐Project
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo analyze the influence of implantation volume of artificial sphincters (AMS 800) on outcome in a large central European multicenter cohort study.MethodsAs part of the DOMINO (Debates on Male Incontinence) project, the surgical procedures and outcomes were retrospectively analyzed in a total of 473 patients who received an artificial sphincter (AMS 800) between 2010 and 2012. Clinics that implanted at least 10 AMS 800 per year were defined as high‐volume centers.ResultsSixteen centers had a mean rate of 9.54 AMS 800/y of which five clinics were identified as high‐volume centers. They implanted significantly more double cuffs (55% vs 12.1%;P < .001), used the perineal approach significantly more often (78% vs 67.7%;P = .003) and chose larger mean cuff sizes (4.63 cm vs 4.42 cm;P = .002). With a mean follow‐up of 18 months, the revision rate was significantly higher at low‐volume centers (38.5% vs 26.7%;P = .037), urethral erosion being the main reason for revision. Social continence (0‐1 pads/24 h) was achieved significantly more often in high‐volume centers (45.5% vs 24.2%;P = .002).ConclusionsOur study showed significantly better continence results and lower revision rates at high‐volume centers, confirming earlier results that are still true in this decade. We, therefore, recommend surgery for male incontinence at qualified centers.
A branch‐and‐cut approach and alternative formulations for the traveling salesman problem with drone
Authors: Schermer Daniel , Moeini Mahdi , Wendt Oliver 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we are interested in studying the traveling salesman problem with drone (TSP‐D). Given a set of customers and a truck that is equipped with a single drone, the TSP‐D asks that all customers are served exactly once and minimal delivery time is achieved. We provide two compact mixed integer linear programming formulations that can be used to address instances with up to 10 customer within a few seconds. Notably, we introduce a third formulation for the TSP‐D with an exponential number of constraints. The latter formulation is suitable to be solved by a branch‐and‐cut algorithm. Indeed, this approach can be used to find optimal solutions for several instances with up to 20 customers within 1 hour, thus challenging the current state‐of‐the‐art in solving the TSP‐D. A detailed numerical study provides an in‐depth comparison on the effectiveness of the proposed formulations. Moreover, we reveal further details on the operational characteristics of a drone‐assisted delivery system. By using three different sets of benchmark instances, consideration is given to various assumptions that affect, for example, technological drone parameters and the impact of distance metrics.
Adaptive large variable neighborhood search for a multiperiod vehicle and technician routing problem
Authors: Graf Benjamin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe VeRoLog Solver Challenge 2018–2019 of the EURO working group vehicle routing and logistics (VeRoLog) considers a multiperiod vehicle and technician routing and scheduling problem. This paper proposes a combination of large neighborhood and local search heuristics and a decomposition approach to efficiently generate competitive solutions under restricted computational resources. The interplay of the heuristics, the decomposition, and the way the search space is explored are orchestrated by an adaptive layer that explicitly considers the instance to be solved, a time limit and the performance of the computing environment. In a computational study it is shown that the method is efficient and effective, especially under tight time restrictions.
A local Fourier analysis of additive Vanka relaxation for the Stokes equations
Authors: Farrell Patrick E. , He Yunhui , MacLachlan Scott P. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryMultigrid methods are popular solution algorithms for many discretized PDEs, either as standalone iterative solvers or as preconditioners, due to their high efficiency. However, the choice and optimization of multigrid components such as relaxation schemes and grid‐transfer operators is crucial to the design of optimally efficient algorithms. It is well known that local Fourier analysis (LFA) is a useful tool to predict and analyze the performance of these components. In this article, we develop a local Fourier analysis of monolithic multigrid methods based on additive Vanka relaxation schemes for mixed finite‐element discretizations of the Stokes equations. The analysis offers insight into the choice of “patches” for the Vanka relaxation, revealing that smaller patches offer more effective convergence per floating point operation. Parameters that minimize the two‐grid convergence factor are proposed and numerical experiments are presented to validate the LFA predictions.
Effects of Empagliflozin Treatment on Glycerol‐Derived Hepatic Gluconeogenesis in Adults with Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Neeland Ian J. , de Albuquerque Rocha Natalia , Hughes Connor , Ayers Colby R. , Malloy Craig R. , Jin Eunsook S. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of empagliflozin on glycerol‐derived hepatic gluconeogenesis in adults with obesity without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using oral carbon 13 (13C)‐labeled glycerol.MethodsA randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was performed in participants with magnetic resonance imaging assessment of body fat and measurement of glycerol‐derived 13C enrichment in plasma glucose by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy following ingestion of [U‐13C3]glycerol. Participants were randomized to oral empagliflozin 10 mg once daily or placebo for 3 months. Glycerol‐derived 13C enrichment studies were repeated, and treatment differences in the mean percentage of 13C glycerol enrichment in glucose were compared using mixed linear models.ResultsThirty‐five participants completed the study. Empagliflozin increased glycerol‐derived 13C enrichment between baseline and follow‐up by 6.5% (P = 0.005), consistent with less glycerol from visceral adipose tissue (VAT). No difference was found with placebo. Glycerol‐derived 13C enrichment was lower in participants with high VAT compared with low VAT by 12.6% (P = 0.04), but there was no heterogeneity of the treatment effect by baseline VAT. Glycerol‐derived 13C enrichment was inversely correlated with VAT but was not correlated with weight loss.ConclusionsVAT is associated with endogenous glycerol–derived hepatic gluconeogenesis, and empagliflozin reduces endogenous glycerol gluconeogenesis in adults with obesity without T2DM. These findings suggest a mechanism by which sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors may prevent T2DM in obesity.
Mixed‐integer quadratic programming for automatic walking footstep placement, duration, and rotation
Authors: Maximo Marcos R. O. A. , Afonso Rubens J. M. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThis paper presents a mixed‐integer model predictive controller for walking. In the proposed scheme, mixed‐integer quadratic programs (MIQP) are solved online to simultaneously decide center of mass jerks, footsteps positions, durations, and rotations while respecting actuation, geometry, and contact constraints. Most walking controllers require preplanned footstep rotations to avoid dealing with the nonlinearity introduced by foot rotation decision. The main contribution of this work is an optimization formulation where feet rotations are automatically planned to attain a reference speed rotation. Finally, simulation results are shown to present and discuss the capabilities of the proposed formulation.
Wilms tumors and their precursors: Radiological diagnosis versus histology
Authors: Dzhuma Kristina , Ducou Le Pointe Hubert , Coulomb Aurore , Tabone Marie‐Dominique , Bergeron Christophe , Audry Georges , Irtan Sabine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe radiological distinction of Wilms tumor (WT) nodules from nephrogenic rests (NR) in patients with multifocal unilateral WT or bilateral disease is challenging. The study aims to compare the radiology assessment of kidney nodules with their final histology in 48 patients. The final histology of 118 nodules corresponded to the initial radiological diagnosis while 40 (25%) nodules were misdiagnosed, 20 being initially diagnosed WT on imaging were proved to be NR at histology. The size of nodules at diagnosis might help to distinguish WT from NR before surgery. Homogeneity did not seem to be a key feature.
Impact of splenectomy on outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia
Authors: Sanpakit Kleebsabai , Narkbunnam Nattee , Buaboonnam Jassada , Takpradit Chayamon , Viprakasit Vip , Pongtanakul Bunchoo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe role of splenectomy prior to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is controversial. Only few studies compared the outcomes of splenectomized and nonsplenectomized children with transfusion‐dependent thalassemia (TDT) undergoing allogeneic HSCTs.MethodsA retrospective analysis was undertaken on a transplantation cohort of TDT patients; August 1987‐December 2014 to compare transplant outcomes between splenectomized and nonsplenectomized groups.ResultsNinety‐six transplants in 86 TDT patients were analyzed. Sixteen patients were splenectomized before HSCTs. The splenectomized patients were significantly older (8.0 ± 1.9 vs 4.7 ± 0.6 years; P = 0.001), had larger livers and spleens (P = 0.001), and had a significantly shorter neutrophil engraftment time (absolute neutrophil count > 500/mm3; 15.0 ± 2.3 vs 19.2 ± 1.3 days; P = 0.004). Graft rejection occurred in 13.8% of the nonsplenectomized group, but not among the splenectomized patients. Though the splenectomized group's mortality rate was higher (25.0% vs 8.8%), this was not statistically significant (P = 0.491). The main causes of death in both groups were severe infections. The five‐year overall survival (OS) rate was better for the nonsplenectomized group (91.78% vs 75.00%; P = 0.06).ConclusionsAlthough splenectomies prior to HSCT for the TDT patients in our cohort were associated with faster neutrophil engraftments and lower rejection rates, they did not produce significantly better OS or affect the mortality. As the splenectomies did not provide any distinct advantages, this procedure should not be routinely performed as a pre‐HSCT regimen for TDT patients with splenomegaly. Better pre‐HSCT preparation for TDT patients, including early and adequate blood transfusions to avoid splenomegaly, is recommended.