bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of sugammadex in the prevention of postoperative residual curarisation and related complications in patients over 65 years of age undergoing general anaesthesia.
Authors: Pietraszewski Piotr , Gaszynski Tomasz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background.
Neuromuscular blocking drugs have contributed to advances in anaesthesiology. The first agent blocking neuromuscular transmission was curare. Alarming respiratory complications in patients recovering from anaesthesia were reported from the very beginning of curare use. The currently used non-depolarizing muscle relaxants are regarded as safe. However, postoperative residual curarisation may be associated with the risk of complications in the first few days after general anaesthesia, especially in patients older than 65 years. This study aims to investigate the effect of sugammadex on the incidence of postoperative residual curarisation, postoperative critical respiratory events, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Although recommended, neuromuscular monitoring is still not standard practice during general anaesthesia with the use of muscle relaxants.
Methods.
Overall, 351 patients aged 65-91 years were included in the observational study. Patients were anaesthetised at the M. Kopernik Provincial Multispeciality Centre of Oncology and Traumatology in Lodz. Spirometry and MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) were performed in patients one day before the surgery and one day postoperatively. Neuromuscular blockade was not monitored intraoperatively. One measurement was taken during recovery from anaesthesia. Anaesthetists made a decision to administer either a dose of 2mg/kg sugammadex (group S) or 0.05 mg/kg of neostigmine iv (group N) during recovery from anaesthesia.
Results.
There were significant differences (p<0.001) between the groups in postoperative TOF ratios. The percentage of patients with TOF ratios >0.9 was significantly higher in the S group than in the N group (83% vs 49%). The incidence of critical respiratory events was significantly lower in the S group compared to the N group (7.6% vs 17%). The study demonstrated significant differences in the postoperative scores of MMSE.
Conclusions.
Sugammadex effectively prevents postoperative residual curarisation in patients over the age of 65. It reduces the incidence of critical respiratory events in elderly patients. The study revealed a slight trend that full reversal of the neuromuscular blockade may correspond with the improvement of postoperative cognitive functions.
Trial registration: Trial ID: ISRCTN17481425 Date registered: 27/01/2020, Link: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN17481425
The Quality of Life after Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty due to Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction: Assessment After Long Term Observation.
Authors: Panek Wojciech , Janczak Dawid , Panek Marta , Szydełko Urszula , Chrzan Rafał , Chabowski Mariusz , Szydełko Tomasz 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: A change in the assessment of treatment effectiveness is currently observed. More and more emphasis is being placed on assessing the impact of treatment on patients’ quality of life (QoL). Data on postoperative quality of life in patients undergoing pyeloplasty is scarce. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life of patients who had undergone laparoscopic pyeloplasty due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction.Methods: The study group consisted of 95 patients who had consecutively undergone laparoscopic pyeloplasty due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction in a single center, between 2002 and 2009, from whom 26 consented to participate in a study. We evaluated their quality of life using WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire and an additional form, created by one of the authors, prepared to assess specifically health related quality of life after pyeloplasty. In all the patients, postoperative, functional outcome was assessed using diuretic renography. Results: Mean follow-up time was 89.8 months. Overall, 96% of study patients were satisfied with the procedure and all of them would consent to another pyeloplasty if needed. Dissatisfaction of one patient was caused by an insufficient decrease in pain level. All the patients reported that the postoperative pain intensity did not significantly affect their life and professional activity. Conclusions: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty is associated with excellent functional outcomes and - most of all - the majority of patients are satisfied with the treatment results. There seems to be no correlation between functional outcome and postoperative satisfaction.
The effect of Epstein-Barr virus infection in central nervous system on prognosis of patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Jin Zhili , Wang Yini , Wu Lin , Wang Zhao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection in the central nervous system(CNS) on the prognosis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) patients.
Methods

Clinical information of 88 EBV-HLH patients diagnosed and treated in our medical center from January 1, 2017 to September 1, 2019 was included.
Results

The 88 patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether the result of their CSF EBV-DNA testing was positive. Statistical difference in survival time was found between the EBV + group and EBV- group(44 vs. 44 ; P = 0.049). The 88 patients were separated into 2 groups according to whether underwent allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). There were statistically differences in the allo-HSCT group and non allo-HSCT group (60 vs. 28 ;P = 0.040). Among the 60 EBV-HLH patients who did undergo allo-HSCT, they were divided into 2 groups in the light of whether the result of CSF EBV-DNA testing was positive. Statistical difference in survival time was not found between the EBV + group and EBV - group( 32 vs. 28; P = 0.540). Among the 28 EBV-HLH patients who did not undergo allo-HSCT, they were divided into 2 groups based on whether the result of CSF EBV-DNA testing was positive. Significant statistical difference in survival time was found between the EBV + group and EBV - group(12 vs. 16; P = 0.002). The 44 EBV-HLH patients who were EBV-DNA-positive in their CSF were separated into 2 groups for survival time analysis according to the highest copy number of EBV-DNA in the CSF, using 1.0E + 04 copies/ml as the cutoff, and statistical difference in survival time was found between the two groups(P = 0.030).
Conclusions

EBV infection of the CNS was found to be a poor prognostic factor in EBV-HLH patients. The changes in EBV-DNA in CSF and the EBV-DNA copy number were found to affect the prognosis of EBV-HLH patients. Monitoring the changes in EBV-DNA copy number in the CSF was of great significance. Allo-HSCT improved the prognosis of EBV-HLH patients, including patients who tested positive for EBV-DNA in the CSF.
A Network Pharmacology Approach to Understanding the Mechanisms of Action of Traditional Medicine: Rheum L. for Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Luo Jinli , Piao Chunli , Jin De , Wang Li , Zhao Xiaohua , Lian Fengmei , Tong Xiaolin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRheum L. (Da-huang in pinyin, Radix Rhei Et Rhizome in pharmaceutical name), a classic Chinese herb, has been extensively used to treat diabetic kidney disease in clinical practice in China for many years. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of Rheum L. remain elusive. To decrypt the underlying mechanisms of Rheum L. in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease using a systems pharmacology approach. MethodsA network pharmacology-based strategy was proposed to elucidate the underlying multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway mode of action of Rheum L. against diabetic kidney disease. We collected putative targets of Rheum L. and a network of the interactions among the putative targets of Rheum L. and known therapeutic targets of diabetic kidney disease was built. The major hubs were imported to the Database to perform a pathway enrichment analysis. ResultsA total of 6 active ingredients and 271 targets of Rheum L. were picked out. 11 cellular biological processes and 18 pathways of Rheum L. mostly associated with inflammatory response, apoptosis, fibrosis, and peripheral circulation. ConclusionsRheum L. could alleviate diabetic kidney disease via the molecular mechanisms predicted by network pharmacology.
The Protective Effect of Aesculin Eye Drops on Dry Eye Syndrome Mice
Authors: Liu Xinquan , Su Jing , Fang Yue , Wang Dahu , Jiang Dan , Dong Zhiguo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of the novel aesculin (AES) eye drops on treating dry eye syndrome (DES), using murine model. Methods: Dry eye was induced in murine eye with the use of an intelligent controlled environmental system (ICES). High-flow air which had been desiccated within the ICES, induced the DES. Treatment included Aesculin eye drops for 14 days. After expiration, corneal fluorescein staining was examined and stained with an endothelial maker created for tracking of lymph: Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1). Subsequently, real-time PCR and ELISA were completed to quantify secretion of TNF-α，IFN-γ，IL-1β and IL-8 in serum, ocular surface and lacrimal gland. Results: Aesculin eye drops significantly repaired ICES-induced corneal injury in murine models Statistically significant increase in lymph angiogenesis was observed at day 14 of observation. Consequently, DES in treatment group was reduced using aesculin eye drops. aesculin eye drops can significantly inhibit lymphangiogenesis and reduce inflammatory cytokines levels in mice. The percentage of Th1 and Th17 cells were decreased after treating with aesculin eye drops, while the percentage of Treg was increased. Injection of VEGF-C into mice can reduce the efficacy of aesculin eye drops in ICES-induced DES. Conclusion: as treatment group of murine models indicated significant reduction of inflammation in the cornea associated with DES, treatment of DES with aesculin eye drops, should be considered a viable treatment method for DES.
A conserved role of CBP/p300 in mitochondrial stress response and longevity
Authors: Li Terytty Yang , Sleiman Maroun Bou , Li Hao , Gao Arwen W. , Mottis Adrienne , Bachmann Alexis , Alam Gaby , Goeminne Ludger , Li Xiaoxu , Schoonjans Kristina , Auwerx Johan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Organisms respond to mitochondrial stress by activating multiple defense pathways including the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt). However, how different layers of UPRmt regulators are orchestrated to transcriptionally activate the stress responses remains largely unknown. Here we identified CBP-1, the worm ortholog of the mammalian acetyltransferases CBP/p300, as an essential regulator for UPRmt activation, as well as for mitochondrial stress-induced immune response, reduction of amyloid-β aggregation and lifespan extension in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mechanistically, CBP-1 acts downstream of histone demethylases, JMJD-1.2/JMJD-3.1, and upstream of UPRmt transcription factors including ATFS-1, to systematically induce a broad spectrum of UPRmt genes and execute multiple beneficial functions. In mouse and human populations, transcript levels of CBP/p300 positively correlate with UPRmt transcripts and longevity. Furthermore, CBP/p300 inhibition disrupts, while forced expression of p300 is sufficient to activate, the UPRmt in mammalian cells. These results highlight an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that determines mitochondrial stress response, and promotes health and longevity through CBP/p300.
Organisational Implementation Climate in implementing internet-based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for depression
Authors: Vis Christiaan , Kleiboer Annet , Mol Mayke , Pedersen Claus Duedal , Finch Tracy , Smit Jan , Riper Heleen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. In the MasterMind project, Internet-based Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (iCBT) services for depression have been implemented in routine care in 14 European regions. This study aimed to advance understanding of the nature and value of organisational implementation climate in implementing iCBT services from the perspectives of implementers and service deliverers.Methods. A mixed method approach was applied. Based on principles of concept mapping, a structured workshop with implementers was conducted to qualitatively conceptualise organisational implementation climate conducive to optimizing iCBT use in routine practice. Mental health service delivers involved in the provision or referral of patients to the implemented iCBT services were invited to participate in a cross-sectional survey assessing levels of satisfaction and usability of iCBT, and organisational implementation climate. Associations between satisfaction, usability and implementation climate were explored.Results. 16 implementers representing 14 service delivery organisations participated in the workshop. The top-3 characteristics of a strong organisational implementation climate included: (1) clear roles and skills of implementers, (2) feasible implementation targets, and (3) a dedicated implementation team. The top-3 tools for creating an implementation climate included: (1) job performance feedback, (2) progress monitoring in relation to achieving implementation targets, and (3) guidelines for assessing the impact of iCBT. In total 111 respondents (73% female) completed the survey. Mental health service deliverers were generally satisfied delivering iCBT services (MCSQ = 9.11, SD = 1.96, range = 3-15, n = 108) and found their usability slightly below average (MSUS = 63.76, SD = 15.53, range = 0-100, n = 103). They regarded their organisational implementation climate as supportive in implementing iCBT services (MICS = 43.21, SD = 5.62, range = 12-60, n = 89). Organisational implementation climate was weakly associated with the system usability scale (r = 0.25, p =.03) and moderately with the satisfaction scale (r = .51, p £ .00).Conclusions. Organisational implementation climate as part of the wider organisational context in which implementation processes take place, is a relevant factor to implementers and service deliverers in implementing iCBT in routine care. The qualitative conceptual findings align with the quantitative approach applied in this study for measuring organisational implementation climate. Implementers can use various practical tools to shape organisational implementation climate to increase acceptance and subsequently improve implementation of iCBT in mental health care.
Comparative Study of the Biochemical Behavior of some Highly Toxic Minerals on Selenosis in Rats
Authors: Williams Mike 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: An investigation of the potential influences of As, Hg, Tl and Pb on Se metabolism, which can suggest new drugs to cope the poisonousness of Se. Methods: Chronic cases were carried out with the nursing of rats with a purified diet of water-soluble vitamin mix, fat-soluble vitamin mix, saccharides, oil, and salts. One week after the basic diet, the rats taken Se have received diets containing 10 ppm of the element as sodium selenite or selenate added in the salts. Result: As, Hg, and Tl were repressed the volatized Se excreted from the lungs. As has assisted the biliary excretion of Se and inhibited the chronic selenosis. Tl has increased the retention of Se in the liver and kidney, but, had no chronic effect on the amount of Se deposited in all the studied tissues. Similarly, Hg has increased the retention of Se but in the spleen and carcass of rats indicating to the high Se concentration in blood. Hg and Tl have inhibited the Se in urine. Conclusion: No effects of the doses rich in As, Hg, and Tl on the Se excretion in fecal. Even though, we suggest As as a possible medication to chronic selenosis.
Automated Detection of Paleoenvironmental Proxy, Eucampia Index, in a Microscopic Slide Using a Convolutional Neural Network System
Authors: Ishino Saki , Itaki Takuya 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Eucampia Index, which is calculated from valve ratio of Antarctic diatom Eucampia ainarctica varieties, has been expected to be a useful indicator of sea ice coverage or/and sea surface temperature variation in the Southern Ocean. To verify the relationship between the index value and the environmental factors, considerable effort is needed to classify and count valves of E. antarctica in a very large number of samples. In this study, to realize automated detection of the Eucampia Index, we constructed a deep-learning (one of the learning methods of artificial intelligence) based models for identifying Eucampia valves from various particles in a diatom slide. The microfossil Classification and Rapid Accumulation Device (miCRAD) system, which can be used for scanning a slide and cropping images of particles automatically, was employed to collect images in training dataset for the model and test dataset for model verification. As a result of classifying particle images in the test dataset by the initial model "Eant_1000px_200616", accuracy was 78.8%. The Eucampia Index value prepared in the test dataset was 0.80, and the value predicted using the developed model from the same dataset was 0.76. The predicted value was in the range of the manual counting error. These results suggest that the classification performance of the model is similar to that of a human expert. This study revealed that a model capable of detecting the ratio of two diatom species can be constructed using the miCRAD system for the first time. The miCRAD system connected with the developed model in this study is capable of automatically classifying particle images at the same time of capturing images so that the system can be applied to a large-scale analysis of the Eucampia index in the Southern Ocean. Depending on the setting of the classification category, similar method is relevant to investigators who have to process a large number of diatom samples such as for detecting specific species for biostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental studies.
Which Factors Affect Ankle Joint Swelling in Ankle Fracture Patients? - Radiological Measurement Method
Authors: Lee Sang-June , Ha Cheungsoo , Jung Kyunghun , Choi Young Rak 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Ankle joint swelling (AJS) in fracture patients is important for predicting soft tissue complications and deciding urgent surgery. Most surgeons still predict the progression of AJS based on their extensive experience. This study was conducted to identify factors that may affect the progression of AJS.Methods: The clinical data and radiographic images of 120 patients who have undergone surgical treatment for ankle fracture were obtained. The immediate radiographs after surgery were representative of the swelling of the ankle joint, and the radiographs 2 weeks after device removal were representative of the normal ankle joint. We defined AJS as the sum of the ankle joint skin contour diameters in the anteroposterior and lateral views. We performed multivariate regression analysis to compare the correlation between variables and AJS.Results: A total of 90 patients were included and followed up for an average of 18.1 months (range, 14–20). Three significant factors (preoperative serum glucose level, injury mechanism, and duration of surgery) were identified to affect AJS.Conclusion: Elevated preoperative serum glucose level, high-energy injury, and extended duration of surgery were more likely to aggravate AJS. These findings will help surgeons to predict the prognosis of patients with AJS and to provide proper management for patients with an ankle fracture.Level of Evidence: Retrospective cohort study, III
IGF2&nbsp;is a Potential Factor in RAI-refractory Non-medullary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Crezee Thomas , Tesselaar Marika H. , Jaeger Martin , Rabold Katrin , Corver Willem E. , Morreau Hans , Grunsven Adriana C.H. van Engen - van , Smit Jan W.A. , Netea-Maier Romana T. , Plantinga Theo S. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-medullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) is the most frequent endocrine tumor with in most cases a good prognosis after thyroidectomy and 131I radioactive iodide (RAI) ablation. In contrast, 30-40% of patients with metastatic NMTC are unresponsive to 131I RAI treatment as a result of tumor dedifferentiation. Currently, underlying molecular mechanisms of NMTC dedifferentiation still remain elusive and predictive biomarkers are lacking. In the present study we therefore aim to identify molecular biomarkers in primary tumors that are associated with RAI refractoriness. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 63 NMTC patients, including all histological subtypes, was gathered for this study and consisted of RAI-sensitive differentiated NMTC patients (N=35) and RAI-refractory (poorly) differentiated NMTC patients (N=28). RAI sensitivity was defined as the response to RAI of residual disease after primary surgery (persistence and/or progression versus regression). Total DNA and RNA were extracted from archived formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues. Extensive intratumoral mutation profiling, gene fusions analysis, TERT promoter mutation analysis and FFPE-compatible RNA sequencing were performed in all patients. In eight NMTC patients, available from an independent cohort, total circulating IGF2 concentrations were determined using ELISA before and after undergoing primary treatment.Results: RAI-refractory NMTC patients were diagnosed at an older age and displayed less favorable TNM staging as compared to RAI-sensitive NMTC patients. Genetic analyses revealed an increased mutational load in RAI-refractory NMTC, including mutations in AKT1, PTEN, TP53 and TERT promoter. Transcriptomic analyses revealed profound differential expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) with up to 100-fold higher expression in RAI-refractory NMTC as compared to RAI-sensitive NMTC cases. By ELISA we found significant lower IGF2 plasma concentrations after surgery and subsequent 131I RAI therapy in patients with NMTC compared to pretreatment baseline. Conclusions: Important clinical, genetic and transcriptomic differences between patients with RAI-sensitive NMTC and RAI-refractory NMTC were identified. Most notably an increased expression of IGF2 in RAI-refractory tumors. Plasma levels of IGF2 decreased post-therapy in NMTC patients from an independent cohort. These findings suggest that the tumor-promoting growth factor IGF2 has a potential role in acquiring RAI refractoriness.