bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of continuous glucose monitoring to improve glycemic management: A clinician's guide
Authors: Schumacher Christie A. , Isaacs Diana , Collier Izabela , Klinkebiel Drew 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAdoption of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technology in clinical practice has increased over the past few years with numerous studies demonstrating its benefit in persons with diabetes. In addition, the use of CGM systems is now recommended in multiple guidelines for diabetes care. Implementation of personal‐ and professional‐use CGM technology can facilitate patient‐centered discussions in clinical decision making and empower behavioral change. Pharmacists can incorporate CGM into diabetes management practices to help optimize therapy and overcome therapeutic inertia. This “how to” guide is written for pharmacists who are interested in integrating CGM into their clinical practice to improve care for those living with diabetes. It provides an overview of the different CGM systems available and describes the differences between personal‐ and professional‐use CGM to facilitate decision making for use in clinical practice. It also discusses considerations for use, candidates for coverage, billing for CGM services, data interpretation, and documentation. Lessons learned and advice for implementing into clinical practice are also provided.
Tree ring width‐based January–March mean minimum temperature reconstruction from Larix gmelinii in the Greater Khingan Mountains, China since AD 1765
Authors: Jiang Yangao , Liu Chuan , Zhang Junhui , Han Shijie , Coombs Cassius E. O. , Wang Xiaoguang , Wang Junwei , Hao Lin , Dong Shengzhong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA ring‐width chronology of Larix gmelinii (LG) was developed in the northern Greater Khingan Mountains region of China. The response function analyses revealed that the local mean minimum temperature of January–March (T1–3) was the most limiting factor affecting the radial growth of LG trees. Based on correlation analysis, a reconstructed T1–3 series from 1765 to 2013 was produced using standard ring‐width chronology. The reconstruction explained 41.2% of the total variance in recorded monthly mean minimum temperatures from 1960 to 2013. The reconstructed T1–3 series had similar variability when compared with the May–September mean temperature reconstruction in Inner Mongolia (IM) and the February–March mean minimum temperature reconstruction in Yichun (YC). This reconstructed T1–3 series also captured the severe snow disaster and cold wave events recorded from historical documents in Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia. Spatial correlations between reconstructed series and gridded temperature data also provided a high level of confidence. In addition, significant relationships between the reconstructed T1–3 series and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), solar activity, indicated that the T1–3 variation might be influenced by large‐scale ocean–atmosphere interactions.
Application of near‐infrared handheld spectrometers to predict semolina quality
Authors: Cecchini Cristina , Antonucci Francesca , Costa Corrado , Marti Alessandra , Menesatti Paolo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDDurum wheat semolina is the best raw material for pasta production and its protein content and gluten strength are essential for cooking quality. The need to develop rapid methods to speed up quality control makes near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIR) a useful method that is widely accepted in the cereal sector. In this study, two non‐destructive and rapid technologies, a low‐cost sensor providing a short wavelength NIR range (swNIR: 700–1100 nm) and a handheld NIR spectrometer (NIR: 1600–2400 nm), were employed to evaluate semolina quality.The spectra data were correlated with chemical (protein content) and rheological parameters (i.e., Gluten Index, Alveograph®, Sedimentation test, GlutoPeak®). A partial least squares (PLS) model was used to compare the efficacy of swNIR and NIR.RESULTSThe protein content was the reference parameter that correlated best with the spectra data and provided the best regression model (r model = 0.9788 for NIR and 0.9561 for swNIR). GlutoPeak indices also correlated well with spectral data, particularly with swNIR spectra. A provisional multivariate model was applied to classify semolina samples in quality classes by using their spectra. Better modeling efficiency was obtained for swNIR.CONCLUSIONThe results highlighted the advantages of a pocket‐sized low cost sensor (swNIR), which is easier to use directly at the sample source than laboratory instruments or more expensive portable devices. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Opportunistic muscle measurements on staging chest CT for extremity and truncal soft tissue sarcoma are associated with survival
Authors: Phan Eileen N. , Thorpe Steven W. , Wong Felix S. , Saiz Augustine M. , Taylor Sandra L. , Canter Robert J. , Lenchik Leon , Randall R. Lor , Boutin Robert D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesComputed tomography (CT) measurements of sarcopenia have been proposed as biomarkers associated with outcomes in various cancers and have typically been evaluated at the L3 vertebral level. However, staging imaging for patients with extremity and truncal soft tissue sarcoma (STS) often only includes chest CT imaging which precludes evaluation at L3. Therefore, we sought to evaluate muscle metrics at T12 on standard staging chest CT scans and evaluate for correlation with overall and event‐free survival in patients with STS.MethodsCT chest imaging for 89 patients with intermediate and high‐grade STS (53 male, 36 female; 58.5 ± 19.0 years old, follow‐up 37.4 ± 27.1 months) was reviewed on PACS at T12 for skeletal muscle density (SMD) and skeletal muscle index (SMI).ResultsOverall survival increased with increased SMD on univariate (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.61 [0.43, 0.86]) and age‐adjusted analysis (HR = 0.65 [0.42, 0.89]. Event‐free survival also increased with increased SMD in univariate analyses (HR = 0.68 [0.49, 0.95]) but did not maintain significance after adjusting for age (HR = 0.68 [0.43, 1.07]). SMI was not a predictor of overall or event‐free survival.ConclusionsHigher SMD measured on routinely obtained staging chest CTs in STS patients is associated with improved survival.
Detection of sentinel lymph node in laparoscopic surgery for uterine cervical cancer using carbon nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Yating , Dan Zhao , Yuan Guangwen , Zhang Gongyi , Liu Shuanghuan , Zhang Yanan , Li Bin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCarbon nanoparticles (CNPs) has been widely confirmed the efficiency in sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping for various solid tumors. This study aims to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of CNPs during laparoscopic surgery for cervical cancer.MethodsWe analyzed 45 women with stage IB1‐IIA1 cervical cancer who underwent SLN mapping using CNPs during laparoscopic surgery. The effectiveness of CNPs was evaluated by the detection rate and accuracy parameters. Factors associated with SLN laterality and SLNs localizations were analyzed.ResultsThe overall and bilateral detection rate was 93.3% (42/45) and 60.0% (27/45), respectively. Elevated body mass index was associated with decreased bilateral detection rate (P = .015). A total of 225 SLNs were harvested, with a mean number of 5.0 ± 3.6. A total of 81.3% of SLNs were in expected localizations including external iliac (39.1%), internal iliac (25.8%), and obturator (16.4%) regions, while 18.7% in unusual localizations including common iliac (10.7%), parametrial (7.6%), and presarcal (0.4%) regions. None positive lymph node was found in non‐SLNs with a false‐negative rate of 0%.ConclusionLaparoscopic SLN mapping with CNPs appears to be simple and efficient for patients with early‐stage cervical cancer.
Global academic response to COVID‐19: Cross‐sectional study
Authors: Helliwell Jack A. , Bolton William S. , Burke Joshua R. , Tiernan Jim P. , Jayne David G. , Chapman Stephen J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study explores the response to COVID‐19 from investigators, editors, and publishers and seeks to define challenges during the early stages of the pandemic. A cross‐sectional bibliometric review of COVID‐19 literature was undertaken between 1 November 2019 and 24 March 2020, along with a comparative review of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) literature. Investigator responsiveness was assessed by measuring the volume and type of research published. Editorial responsiveness was assessed by measuring the submission‐to‐acceptance time and availability of original data. Publisher‐responsiveness was assessed by measuring the acceptance‐to‐publication time and the provision of open access. Three hundred and ninety‐eight of 2,835 COVID‐19 and 55 of 1,513 MERS search results were eligible. Most COVID‐19 studies were clinical reports (n = 242; 60.8%). The submission‐to‐acceptance [median: 5 days (IQR: 3–11) versus 71.5 days (38–106); P < .001] and acceptance‐to‐publication [median: 5 days (IQR: 2–8) versus 22.5 days (4–48·5‐; P < .001] times were strikingly shorter for COVID‐19. Almost all COVID‐19 (n = 396; 99.5%) and MERS (n = 55; 100%) studies were open‐access. Data sharing was infrequent, with original data available for 104 (26.1%) COVID‐19 and 10 (18.2%) MERS studies (P = .203). The early academic response was characterized by investigators aiming to define the disease. Studies were made rapidly and openly available. Only one‐in‐four were published alongside original data, which is a key target for improvement.Key points
COVID‐19 publications show rapid response from investigators, specifically aiming to define the disease.
Median time between submission and acceptance of COVID‐19 articles is 5 days demonstrating rapid decision‐making compared with the median of 71.5 days for MERS articles.
Median time from acceptance to publication of COVID‐19 articles is 5 days, confirming the ability to introduce rapid increases at times of crisis, such as during the SARS outbreak.
The majority of both COVID‐19 and MERS articles are available open‐access.
MicroRNAs 155‐5p, 122‐5p, and 181a‐5p Identify Patients With Graft Dysfunction Due to T Cell–Mediated Rejection After Liver Transplantation
Authors: Ruiz Pablo , Millán Olga , Ríos Jose , Díaz Alba , Sastre Lydia , Colmenero Jordi , Crespo Gonzalo , Brunet Mercè , Navasa Miquel 
Published: July 2020

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that can be detected in plasma and whose expression is associated with pathological processes. The role of miRNAs in the noninvasive diagnosis of T cell–mediated rejection (TCMR) after liver transplantation (LT) is unclear. Thus, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of a panel of 4 miRNAs (155‐5p, 122‐5p, 181a‐5p, and 148‐3p) in diagnosing TCMR in LT recipients with graft dysfunction (GD), and we compared its accuracy with previously published tests for diagnosing TCMR based on routine laboratory parameters. From a prospective cohort of 145 patients followed during the first year after transplant, 49 developed GD and underwent a liver biopsy and plasma collection for miRNA analysis using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Patients with GD due to TCMR (n = 21) exhibited significantly higher (P < 0.001) expression of miRNA 155‐5p (2.05 versus 0.07), 122‐5p (19.36 versus 1.66), and 181a‐5p (1.33 versus 0.37) compared with those with GD from other causes (n = 28). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of miRNAs 155‐5p, 122‐5p, and 181a‐5p for the diagnosis of TCMR was 0.87, 0.91, and 0.89, respectively, significantly higher than those of the other noninvasive tests (P < 0.001). Furthermore, miRNA 155‐5p identified all patients who presented TCMR during the first 2 weeks after transplant. miRNA plasmatic expression differentiates TCMR from other causes of GD in patients who have undergone LT and may be a useful tool in clinical practice.
The expression and regulation of HOX genes and membrane proteins among different cytogenetic groups of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Wang Huili , Lin Sheng‐Yan , Hu Fei‐Fei , Guo An‐Yuan , Hu Hui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe cytogenetic aberrations were considered as markers for diagnosis and prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), while the expression and regulation under different cytogenetic groups remain to be fully elucidated.MethodsIn this paper, for favorable, poor, and cytogenetically normal groups of AML patients, we performed comprehensive bioinformatics analyses including identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) among them, functional enrichment and regulatory networks.ResultsWe found that DEGs were enriched in membrane‐related processes. Eleven genes and two miRNAs were significantly differentially expressed among these three AML groups. In survival analysis, membrane‐related genes and several miRNAs were significant on prognostic outcome. Notably, six HOXA and three HOXB genes were significantly in low expression and high methylation in AML with favorable cytogenetics. Meanwhile, the miRNA‐HOX gene co‐regulatory networks revealed that HOXA5 was a hub node and regulated an AML oncogene SPARC.ConclusionOur work may provide novel insights to the molecular characteristics and classification between AML with different cytogenetics.
Long Term Exposure to a Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Enhances L‐Cell Differentiation in Intestinal Organoids
Authors: Casanova‐Martí Àngela , González‐Abuín Noemi , Serrano Joan , Blay Maria Teresa , Terra Ximena , Frost Gary , Pinent Montserrat , Ardévol Anna 
Published: July 2020

ScopeA grape‐seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) interacts at the intestinal level, enhancing glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) and peptide YY (PYY) release, which modulate appetite and glucose homeostasis. Thus, enhancing L‐cell numbers could be a strategy to promote hormone production, providing a potential strategy for obesity and type‐2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment.Methods and resultsMice ileum organoids are used to evaluate the long‐term effects of GSPE and two of its main components, epicatechin (EC) and gallic acid (GA), on intestinal differentiation. Hormone levels are determined using RIA and ELISA kits, and gene expression of transcription factors involved in intestinal cell differentiation, as well as markers of different cell types, are assessed by real‐time qPCR. GSPE upregulates enterohormone gene expression and content, as well as the pan‐endocrine marker chromogranin A. GSPE also modulates the temporal gene expression profile of early and late transcription factors involved in L‐cell differentiation. Furthermore, GSPE upregulates goblet cell (Muc2) and enterocyte (sucraseisomaltase) markers, while downregulating stem cell markers (Lgr5+). Although EC and GA modified enterohormone release, they do not reproduce GSPE effects on transcription factor's profile.ConclusionsThis study shows the potential role of GSPE in promoting enteroendocrine differentiation, effect that is not mediated by EC or GA.
Self‐supervised learning of physics‐guided reconstruction neural networks without fully sampled reference data
Authors: Yaman Burhaneddin , Hosseini Seyed Amir Hossein , Moeller Steen , Ellermann Jutta , Uğurbil Kâmil , Akçakaya Mehmet 
Published: July 2020

PurposeTo develop a strategy for training a physics‐guided MRI reconstruction neural network without a database of fully sampled data sets.MethodsSelf‐supervised learning via data undersampling (SSDU) for physics‐guided deep learning reconstruction partitions available measurements into two disjoint sets, one of which is used in the data consistency (DC) units in the unrolled network and the other is used to define the loss for training. The proposed training without fully sampled data is compared with fully supervised training with ground‐truth data, as well as conventional compressed‐sensing and parallel imaging methods using the publicly available fastMRI knee database. The same physics‐guided neural network is used for both proposed SSDU and supervised training. The SSDU training is also applied to prospectively two‐fold accelerated high‐resolution brain data sets at different acceleration rates, and compared with parallel imaging.ResultsResults on five different knee sequences at an acceleration rate of 4 shows that the proposed self‐supervised approach performs closely with supervised learning, while significantly outperforming conventional compressed‐sensing and parallel imaging, as characterized by quantitative metrics and a clinical reader study. The results on prospectively subsampled brain data sets, in which supervised learning cannot be used due to lack of ground‐truth reference, show that the proposed self‐supervised approach successfully performs reconstruction at high acceleration rates (4, 6, and 8). Image readings indicate improved visual reconstruction quality with the proposed approach compared with parallel imaging at acquisition acceleration.ConclusionThe proposed SSDU approach allows training of physics‐guided deep learning MRI reconstruction without fully sampled data, while achieving comparable results with supervised deep learning MRI trained on fully sampled data.
Digital spatial cracking behaviors of fine‐grained sandstone with precracks under uniaxial compression
Authors: Zhou Xiao‐Ping , Zhao Zhi , Liu Yang 
Published: July 2020

SummaryX‐ray computed tomography (CT) imaging and digital image correlation techniques are applied to study spatial cracking behaviors of sandstone under uniaxial compression, in which the angle between precracks is 45°, 90°, and 135° and the crack depth is 7.5 mm and 10 mm, respectively. Layered anisotropy damages and spatial cracking evolution are quantitatively analyzed by the defined digital layered anisotropy index and digital damage ratio, respectively. Three cases with different array of precracks evidence the depth effects of precracks on spatial crack propagation. Results show that the failure process of samples is first controlled by the coalescence of surface cracks in 2D space and then the samples are failed by the propagation of coalesced cracks (shear cracks with different shapes). The crack types for samples with precrack depth of 7.5 mm are all shear cracks for Cases 1‑3. Nevertheless, the crack types for samples with precrack depth of 10 mm are, respectively, the half X‐shape crack for Case 1, X‐shape crack for Case 2, and double shell crack for Case 3. The precrack has a significant promotion effect on the failure process when the angle between the two precracks is β = 90°, and the precrack has little to no effect on the failure process when the angle between the two precracks is β = 135°. As the depth of precrack increases to 10 mm, the crack types are changed in this study. The peak strength of sample subjected to uniaxial compression decreases with increasing depth of precracks, implying the decrease of the rock strength by the discontinuity.
What do we know about nonprofit collaboration? A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Gazley Beth , Guo Chao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis systematic literature review reports on the content of past empirical studies of nonprofit collaboration within and across the sectors, published between 1972 and 2015 (n = 657). An analysis of these articles reveals four major themes: diverse but “siloed” data; imbalance in research coverage; the dominance of “big four” organization theories; and limited improvement in research sophistication. It further identifies five specific research gaps: the insufficient attention to the forms and intensity of nonprofit collaboration; the divergences and contradictions in theoretical reasoning and empirical evidence; the lack of attention to the moderators and/or mediators of collaboration; the lack of understanding of collaborative failure; and the lack of comparative studies. These findings help to inform collaboration research and practice by observing the value in using a broader scope of literature and methods to build knowledge in this area.
Hurthle cell carcinoma in childhood: A retrospective analysis of five cases and review of pediatric literature
Authors: Zirilli Giuseppina , Valenzise Mariella , Dionigi Gianlorenzo , Tuccari Giovanni , Romeo Carmelo , Campennì Alfredo , Corrias Andrea , Tuli Gerdi , Ieni Antonio , Pajno Giovanni Battista , Wasniewska Malgorzata 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundthe available studies on Hurthle cell carcinoma (HCC) in pediatric age are scarce and based on isolated case reports. Aims of the present study were to review the available pediatric literature on HCC (2000‐2019), to describe the cohort of children with this cancer histotype, and to estimate its relative prevalence in pediatric age.ProcedureWe retrospectively reconstructed an HCC course in five patients < 19 years who were identified in our departments during the period 2000‐2019, and we reviewed the available pediatric studies on this differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) variant.ResultsHCC occurred with a relative prevalence of 5.8% at a median chronological age of 12.5 years. None of HCC patients exhibited, at diagnosis, thyroid dysfunction, extensive lateral neck disease, or distant metastases, and all showed a persistent remission over time. Three patients showed, at diagnosis, antecedents of other diseases (Hashimoto's thyroiditis, neurofibromatosis type 1, and osteosarcoma).Conclusions(1) In childhood, the relative prevalence of HCC among different thyroid cancer histotypes is 5.8%, that is close to the one previously reported both in the general population and in other less numerous children's cohorts; (2) HCC may develop even early, at the age of 7; (3) in childhood, HCC does not seem to have a more aggressive behavior when compared with other DTC histotypes; (4) antecedents of other diseases are not infrequent in the history of children with HCC.
Excessive positive response of model‐simulated land net primary production to climate changes over circumboreal forests
Authors: Tei Shunsuke , Sugimoto Atsuko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLand carbon cycle components in an Earth system model (ESM) play a crucial role in the projections of forest ecosystem responses to climate/environmental changes. Evaluating models from the viewpoint of observations is essential for an improved understanding of model performance and for identifying uncertainties in their outputs. Herein, we evaluated the land net primary production (NPP) for circumboreal forests simulated with 10 ESMs in Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project by comparisons with observation‐based indexes for forest productivity, namely, the composite version 3G of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI3g) and tree‐ring width index (RWI). These indexes show similar patterns in response to past climate change over the forests, i.e., a one‐year time lag response and smaller positive responses to past climate changes in comparison with the land NPP simulated by the ESMs. The latter showed overly positive responses to past temperature and/or precipitation changes in comparison with the NDVI3g and RWI. These results indicate that ESMs may overestimate the future forest NPP of circumboreal forests (particularly for inland dry regions, such as inner Alaska and Canada, and eastern Siberia, and for hotter, southern regions, such as central Europe) under the expected increases in both average global temperature and precipitation, which are common to all current ESMs.