bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drilling down the viable system theories in business, management and accounting: A bibliometric review
Authors: Iandolo Francesca , Vito Pietro , Loia Francesca , Fulco Irene , Calabrese Mario 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to trace the scientific landscape (authors, scientific papers, topics most frequently dealt with, relationships between them) of the studies concerning the viable system model (VSM) and the viable system approach (vSa), carried out in the period 1990–2018 within the scientific framework of systems thinking by scholars in business, management and accounting (BMA). The methodology adopted herein is based on a scientometric approach, bibliographic mapping and clustering. The analysis was carried out following a three‐step procedure: bibliographic coupling of scientific contributions (153 articles recorded in Scopus in the considered period), co‐occurrence of the main author keywords and analysis of co‐citations. This paper examines for the first time the entire scientific body of knowledge about viable system theories (VSTs) in BMA areas using recent joint mapping and clustering tools.
Characterization and optimization of mechanical properties of bamboo/nanoclay/polyvinyl alcohol/styrene nanocomposites using response surface methodology
Authors: Adamu Muhammad , Rahman Md Rezaur , Bakri Muhammad Khusairy Bin , Md Yusof Fahmi Asyadi Bin , Khan Afrasyab 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study demonstrates the effects of impregnation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), styrene, and nanoclay on the compositional, mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of bamboo and its nanocomposites (NCs). Design Expert software was used to optimize the materials and modulus of elasticity as well as the modulus of rupture of the composites. Models were obtained with R2 of 0.9999 and 0.998 for the modulus of elasticity (MOE) and the modulus of rupture (MOR), respectively. The MOE and MOR were found to increase significantly after the formation of NC that indicated improvement of mechanical properties of the bamboo NCs. The polymerization of PVA‐co‐styrene and dispersion of nanoclay were confirmed by the compositional analysis. The X‐ray diffraction analysis showed that the degree of crystallinity was slightly improved upon impregnation with PVA‐co‐styrene, while reduction in the hydroxyl groups was observed using the Fourier transform infrared. The scanning electron microscopy observation showed tightly filled cell cavities of the bamboo matrix. The thermal stability of the formed NCs were found to be slightly less stable than the raw bamboo (RB) with the differential scanning calorimetry showing low glass transition temperature and the thermogravimetric analysis showed lower decomposition temperatures for the NCs compared to RB as a result of plastic property of the styrene.
Research priorities for supporting subnational climate policies
Authors: Klemun Magdalena M. , Edwards Morgan R. , Trancik Jessika E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGrowing momentum for decentralized climate policy and the falling costs of low‐carbon technologies are creating new climate change mitigation opportunities for subnational actors. Here we discuss how research can best support these subnational efforts to allow limited resources to stretch further. To stimulate this discussion, we identify four research priorities. (1) Innovation mechanisms examines local policy opportunities for technology improvement to achieve high returns on investments. (2) Co‐benefits analyzes the non‐climate benefits of emissions reductions to highlight how local policies can affect communities directly. (3) Emissions monitoring develops rapid, low‐cost, local measurement strategies to allow communities to assess and weigh in on the emissions impacts of local energy systems. (4) Decision levers reframes large‐scale analyses into more targeted and actionable metrics for local policy decisions. This piece was informed and inspired by a set of interviews we conducted with representatives in business, government, NGOs, and educational institutions actively engaged in local climate action, and by our own research.This article is categorized under:
The Carbon Economy and Climate Mitigation > Policies, Instruments, Lifestyles, Behavior
Policy and Governance > Private Governance of Climate Change
Nest Predators of Ducks in the Boreal Forest
Authors: Dyson Matthew E. , Slattery Stuart M. , Fedy Bradley C. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTNest predation is often the primary cause of nest failure for ducks throughout North America. Tremendous efforts have been made to identify predators responsible for nest predation to benefit the conservation and management of ducks. However, we are unaware of empirical evidence that identifies predators of duck nests in the boreal forest, which is an important breeding area. We used camera traps on real (n = 53) and artificial nests (n = 164) from 2016 to 2018 to identify predators of boreal duck nests near Utikuma Lake, Alberta, Canada. We identified 8 species of duck nest predators that ate or removed eggs from nests: American black bear (Ursus americanus), short‐tailed or least weasel (Mustelaspp.), Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis), coyote (Canis latrans), American marten (Martes americana), red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), common raven (Corvus corax), and red‐tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis). Despite a long history of duck‐nest predator research, our study confirmed previously undocumented nest predators of ducks from the boreal forest. The suite of nest predators was different from common prairie nest predators and we did not observe common prairie nest predators at our study area. Climate change and industrial development are altering predator–prey interactions, causing changes to wildlife communities in this region and our data provide an initial step in improving our understanding of boreal ducks. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
The impact of in‐person and video‐recorded animal experiences on zoo visitors' cognition, affect, empathic concern, and conservation intent
Authors: Miller Lance J. , Luebke Jerry F. , Matiasek Jennifer , Granger Douglas A. , Razal Catherine , Brooks Heather J. B. , Maas Kate 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCurrently there are mixed results regarding the ability for media or more specifically video to increase a person's interest in conservation. However, there is a growing amount of evidence that in‐person experiences at a zoo or aquarium can increase a person's interest in conservation. The goal of the current study was to examine the difference between an in‐person experience viewing a polar bear training session and watching a video of the same experience on cognition, emotion, empathic concern, and conservation intent. A total of 124 Brookfield Zoo members were randomly assigned to one of three conditions. Condition 1 was an in‐person 10 min (Live Animal) experience viewing a training session with a polar bear. Condition 2 participants (Video Animal) watched a video of the same experience from Condition 1 and Condition 3 (Control) listened to the audio from Condition 1 but only viewed an image of one of our animal care specialists. Results suggest that the live condition is associated with higher probability of answering questions correctly, having a positive emotional experience, having greater empathic concern for wild bears, and wanting to get involved in conservation when compared to the control. These impacts were not observed for the video condition suggesting that for this study, watching a video of a training session was not an effective tool for getting people involved in conservation. Future research is needed to better understand this important topic, but we now have further evidence of the importance of in‐person zoo experiences.
Solving Nonlinear p-Adic Pseudo-differential Equations: Combining the Wavelet Basis with the Schauder Fixed Point Theorem
Authors: Pourhadi Ehsan , Khrennikov Andrei Yu. , Oleschko Klaudia , de Jesús Correa Lopez María 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecently theory ofp-adic wavelets started to be actively used to study of the Cauchy problem for nonlinear pseudo-differential equations for functions depending on the real time andp-adic spatial variable. These mathematical studies were motivated by applications to problems of geophysics (fluids flows through capillary networks in porous disordered media) and the turbulence theory. In this article, using this wavelet technique in combination with the Schauder fixed point theorem, we study the solvability of nonlinear equations with mixed derivatives,p-adic (fractional) spatial and real time derivatives. Furthermore, in the linear case we find the exact solution for the Cauchy problem. Some examples are provided to illustrate the main results.
Gesundheitsberichterstattung des Bundes am Robert Koch-Institut – Status quo und aktuelle Entwicklungen
Authors: Ziese Thomas , Prütz Franziska , Rommel Alexander , Reitzle Lukas , Saß Anke‑Christine 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungGesundheitsberichterstattung (GBE) als integrales Element von Public Health spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Entwicklung von Strategien und Konzepten, die das Ziel haben, die Gesundheit jeder Alters- und Bevölkerungsgruppe zu verbessern. Der Artikel gibt eine Übersicht zu Definition und Aufgaben der Gesundheitsberichterstattung des Bundes und beschreibt wichtige GBE-Komponenten in ihrer aktuellen Form. So wird das Publikationsformat des Journal of Health Monitoring vorgestellt, das als vielseitiges Format für die unterschiedlichen Nutzergruppen der Gesundheitsberichterstattung entwickelt wurde. Weiter werden Beispiele für die Nutzung und Wirkungen der Gesundheitsberichterstattung exemplarisch dargestellt. Gesundheitsberichterstattung ist dabei als flexibles System angelegt: So werden Veränderungen bei Datengrundlagen und Kommunikationsformen bei der Weiterentwicklung der Gesundheitsberichterstattung berücksichtigt.Die Weiterentwicklung der Gesundheitsberichterstattung setzt eine enge interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit unterschiedlicher Akteure voraus, um sowohl aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse verschiedener Wissenschaftsdisziplinen in die Prozesse der Gesundheitsberichterstattung zu integrieren als auch die Reichweite sowie den Impact der Gesundheitsberichterstattung weiter auszubauen. Neben der Weiterentwicklung der Gesundheitsberichterstattung auf der wissenschaftlichen Ebene stellen auch der Ausbau von partizipativen Elementen sowie eine stärkere Internationalisierung wichtige künftige Aufgaben dar.
Hans Asperger, Leben und Wirken 1931 bis 1946
Authors: Maleczek Werner , Malina Peter , Tatzer Ernst , Waldhauser Franz 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag handelt von Hans Asperger, seiner Prägung durch den katholisch-jugendbewegten „Bund Neuland“, seinem beruflichen Werdegang ab 1931 und seiner Tätigkeit an der „Heilpädagogischen Abteilung“ der Univ.-Kinderklinik Wien bis zu seiner Einberufung zum Militär im Frühjahr 1943. Besonderes Augenmerk wird auf seine Ablehnung der NS-Ideologie gerichtet, was u. a. aus seiner Mitgliedschaft im Vorstand der „St.-Lukas-Gilde“ katholischer Ärzte und deren strikter Ablehnung der Zwangssterilisation hervorgeht. Er war weder Anwärter noch Mitglied der NSDAP. Die Untersuchung seiner Schriften nach 1938 und einiger Dokumente, die aus dem NS-Überwachungsapparat stammen, macht deutlich, dass er nach außen zu Kompromissen gezwungen war. Der geäußerte Verdacht, er sei durch seine Gutachten über manche seiner PatientInnen oder seine Tätigkeit als fachärztlicher Gutachter im Referat „Schulkinderfürsorge“ des Hauptgesundheitsamtes an den „Euthanasie“-Morden „Am Spiegelgrund“ beteiligt gewesen, wird im Detail untersucht und widerlegt. Die strikte Anwendung geschichtswissenschaftlicher Methoden bei der Interpretation der vorliegenden, auch zahlreicher bisher unbekannter Dokumente ergibt mit größtmöglicher Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass Asperger weder wissentlich noch willentlich an den Untaten beteiligt war. Bei der deutschen Wehrmacht hatte er v. a. vom Herbst 1943 bis zum Kriegsende als Truppenarzt in Kroatien zu dienen. Ab August 1945 arbeitete er wieder bei seiner alten Dienststelle an der Univ.-Kinderklinik und, da er als „unbelastet“ galt, wurde er zwischen 1946 und 1949 zu deren provisorischem Leiter bestellt.
Sensitivity of simulated temperature, precipitation, and global radiation to different WRF configurations over the Carpathian Basin for regional climate applications
Authors: Varga Ákos János , Breuer Hajnalka 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is used to produce short-term regional climate simulations with several configurations for the Carpathian Basin region. The goal is to evaluate the performance of the model and analyze its sensitivity to different physical and dynamical settings, and input data. Fifteen experiments were conducted with WRF at 10 km resolution for the year 2013. The simulations differ in terms of configuration options such as the parameterization schemes, the hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic dynamical cores, the initial and boundary conditions (ERA5 and ERA-Interim reanalyses), the number of vertical levels, and the length of the spin-up period. E-OBS dataset 2 m temperature, total precipitation, and global radiation are used for validation. Temperature underestimation reaches 4–7 °C for some experiments and can be reduced by certain physics scheme combinations. The cold bias in winter and spring is mainly caused by excessive snowfall and too persistent snow cover, as revealed by comparison with satellite-based observations and a test simulation without snow on the surface. Annual precipitation is overestimated by 0.6–3.8 mm day−1, with biases mainly accumulating in the period driven by large-scale weather processes. Downward shortwave radiation is underestimated all year except in the months dominated by locally forced phenomena (May to August) when a positive bias prevails. The incorporation of downward shortwave radiation to the validation variables increased the understanding of underlying problems with the parameterization schemes and highlighted false model error compensations.
Young, healthy males and females present cardiometabolic protection against the detrimental effects of a 7-day high-fat high-calorie diet
Authors: Whytock Katie L. , Shepherd Sam O. , Cocks Matt , Wagenmakers Anton J. M. , Strauss Juliette A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
High-fat, high-calorie (HFHC) diets have been used as a model to investigate lipid-induced insulin resistance. Short-term HFHC diets reduce insulin sensitivity in young healthy males, but to date, no study has directly compared males and females to elucidate sex-specific differences in the effects of a HFHC diet on functional metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods
Eleven males (24 ± 4 years; BMI 23 ± 2 kg.m−2; V̇O2 peak 62.3 ± 8.7 ml.min−1.kg−1FFM) were matched to 10 females (25 ± 4 years; BMI 23 ± 2 kg.m−2; V̇O2 peak 58.2 ± 8.2 ml.min−1.kg−1FFM). Insulin sensitivity, measured via oral glucose tolerance test, metabolic flexibility, arterial stiffness, body composition and blood lipids and liver enzymes were measured before and after 7 days of a high-fat (65% energy) high-calorie (+ 50% kcal) diet.

Results
The HFHC diet did not change measures of insulin sensitivity, metabolic flexibility or arterial stiffness in either sex. There was a trend towards increased total body fat mass (kg) after the HFHC diet (+ 1.8% and + 2.3% for males and females, respectively; P = 0.056). In contrast to females, males had a significant increase in trunk to leg fat mass ratio (+ 5.1%; P = 0.005).

Conclusion
Lean, healthy young males and females appear to be protected from the negative cardio-metabolic effects of a 7-day HFHC diet. Future research should use a prolonged positive energy balance achieved via increased energy intake and reduced energy expenditure to exacerbate negative metabolic and cardiovascular functional outcomes to determine whether sex-specific differences exist under more metabolically challenging conditions.
Glucose transporters in brain in health and disease
Authors: Koepsell Hermann 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEnergy demand of neurons in brain that is covered by glucose supply from the blood is ensured by glucose transporters in capillaries and brain cells. In brain, the facilitative diffusion glucose transporters GLUT1-6 and GLUT8, and the Na+-d-glucose cotransporters SGLT1 are expressed. The glucose transporters mediate uptake ofd-glucose across the blood-brain barrier and delivery ofd-glucose to astrocytes and neurons. They are critically involved in regulatory adaptations to varying energy demands in response to differing neuronal activities and glucose supply. In this review, a comprehensive overview about verified and proposed roles of cerebral glucose transporters during health and diseases is presented. Our current knowledge is mainly based on experiments performed in rodents. First, the functional properties of human glucose transporters expressed in brain and their cerebral locations are described. Thereafter, proposed physiological functions of GLUT1, GLUT2, GLUT3, GLUT4, and SGLT1 for energy supply to neurons, glucose sensing, central regulation of glucohomeostasis, and feeding behavior are compiled, and their roles in learning and memory formation are discussed. In addition, diseases are described in which functional changes of cerebral glucose transporters are relevant. These are GLUT1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-SD), diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), stroke, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). GLUT1-SD is caused by defect mutations in GLUT1. Diabetes and AD are associated with changed expression of glucose transporters in brain, and transporter-related energy deficiency of neurons may contribute to pathogenesis of AD. Stroke and TBI are associated with changes of glucose transporter expression that influence clinical outcome.
OCT evaluation of orthodontic surface sealants: a 12-month follow-up randomized clinical trial
Authors: Şen Sinan , Erber Ralf , Orhan Gül , Zingler Sebastian , Lux Christopher J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this single-center randomized controlled trial (NCT03753256) was to assess orthodontic surface sealant layer thickness and integrity in vivo during a 12-month follow-up by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Materials and methods
Using a split-mouth design, quadrants of 20 patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances were included. Quadrants were randomly assigned to the sealants Pro Seal® (PS) or Opal® Seal™ (OS). OCT scans were performed immediately after the application of the sealants and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Sealant layer thicknesses and their integrity were determined at 5 regions of interest (ROIs) known for high risks of demineralization. Sealant integrity loss was determined using a self-developed scale.

Results
A total of 16 patients successfully completed the study. The studied sealants showed significant differences in initial layer thickness. Mean layer thickness was significantly lower for PS (67.8 μm, (95% CI, 56.1–79.5)) than for OS (110.7 μm, (95% CI, 97.3–124.1)). Layer thickness loss was significant after 3 months for PS and after 6 months for OS. Sealant integrity was compromised in more than 50% of the ROIs already after 3 months for both sealants.

Conclusions
Patients treated with fixed orthodontic surface sealants lost the integrity of the protective layer in more than 50% of cases after 3 months, and the layer thickness of the sealants was significantly reduced after 3–6 months.

Clinical relevance
The protective effect against demineralization lesions of orthodontic sealants in patients treated with fixed appliances appears to be limited in time. Further preventive measures should be investigated.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 03753256)
Accidental and Ambiguous Situations Reveal Specific Social Information Processing Biases and Deficits in Adolescents with Low Intellectual Level and Clinical Levels of Externalizing Behavior
Authors: Van Rest M. M. , Van Nieuwenhuijzen M. , Kupersmidt J. B. , Vriens A. , Schuengel C. , Matthys W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAddressing aggression in youth requires understanding of the range of social problem situations that may lead to biased social information processing (SIP). The present study investigated situation-specificity of SIP and analyzed whether SIP deficits and biases are found in ambiguous as well as clearly accidental situations in adolescents with clinical levels of externalizing behavior or with low intellectual level, congruent with mild intellectual disability. Adolescents (N = 220, Mage = 15.21) completed a SIP test on a mobile app with six videos with ambiguous, hostile, and accidental social problems. Caretakers, teachers, and adolescents themselves reported on youth externalizing behavior problems. In accidental situations specifically, adolescents with low IQ scores more often attributed purposeful intent to perpetrators than peers with borderline or average IQ scores. In accidental situations, adolescents with clinical levels of externalizing behavior generated and selected more aggressive responses than nonclinical adolescents, regardless of their cognitive level. In line with previous literature, the ambiguous situations also brought out SIP differences between IQ groups. These results suggest that not only ambiguous situations should be considered informative for understanding SIP biases, but situations in which adolescents are clearly accidentally disadvantaged bring out SIP biases as well, that may lead to conflicts with others.
Selected Fatty Acids Esters as Potential PHB-V Bioplasticizers: Effect on Mechanical Properties of the Polymer
Authors: Nosal Hanna , Moser Kevin , Warzała Marek , Holzer Andrei , Stańczyk Dorota , Sabura Ewa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHB-V) has not been used for demanding technical applications yet due to its limited mechanical properties, particularly its high brittleness. An appropriate route to overcome these limitations is the implementation of plasticizers in the PHB-V matrix via compounding. In this paper the use of different types of fatty acids esters as PHB-V plasticizers were investigated. The study describes how the difference in the fatty acid esters structure (mainly fatty acid hydrocarbon chain length) affects their plasticizing effect and thus the PHB-V ductility performance. The best impact properties of PHB-V compounds were obtained for oleic acid methyl ester, palmitic acid methyl ester or lauric acid ethylene glycol monoester. The increase of notched impact strength from 1.4 (for neat polymer) to 4.0–4.1 kJ/m2 was observed. At the same time stiffness and strength of the polymer decreased but remain on a level sufficient for technical applications. Additional drawback of PHB-V materials is increasing the brittleness over time. Moreover this study shows that the use of oleic acid ethylene glycol monoester or stearic acid ethylene glycol monoester as plasticizers significantly reduces the increase of the brittleness of PHB-V over time. It is relevant that this drawback of PHB-V materials can be significantly improved by plasticizer addition.