bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A broad insight onto the distribution pattern of Dirofilaria immitis in community dogs in Nepal
Authors: Rimal Subash , Adhikari Anil , Acharya Rabin , Singh Dinesh Kumar , Joshi Naresh Prasad , Shrestha Birendra , Kaphle Krishna , El-Dakhly Khaled Mohamed , Giannelli Alessio 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria are widespread vector-borne helminths (VBH) of increasing relevance. Indeed, dirofilariosis is frequently diagnosed in domestic pets, often dogs, associated with a severe clinical condition known as heartworm disease caused by D. immitis . Assessing the distribution pattern of canine dirofilariosis is pivotal to undertake appropriate control measures and define the risk of infection in animals and humans. This study revealed the occurrence of D. immitis in naïve community dogs from Nepal. Methods An epidemiological study was performed in 2019 in Siddharthanagar (Lumbini region, Nepal). A total of 150 blood specimens were examined using direct microscopy, buffy coat centrifugation and modified Knott's method aiming at isolating and identifying Dirofilaria microfilariae. In addition, hematobiochemical parameters, including packed cell volume (PCV), alanine aminotransferase (SGPT), aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT), alkaline phosphate (ALP), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urea and total protein were analyzed, along with a clinical scoring (i.e., body temperature and respiratory rate) of the animals enrolled in this study. Results Out of 150 dogs sampled, 29 (19.3%) had D. immitis microfilariae. The prevalence of the infection varied according to the technique used, ranging from 16.0% to 19.3% based on direct blood smear microscopy and modified Knott method, respectively. The infection rate was significantly ( P <0.05) higher in dogs aged more than 3 years. A positive correlation was observed between SGPT and SGOT and the presence of microfilariae ( P <0.05). Conclusion The current findings revealed the presence of D. immitis in dogs from Nepal, thus providing an explanation for the diagnosis of this VBH is human cases. Further investigations are warranted to accurately define the prevalence of the infection in other pets, instrumentally to reduce the potential burden on the infection in dogs and, accordingly, to control the spread of this parasite to humans.
A simple and effective capsule sealing technique for hydrothermal experiments
Authors: Du Jun , Li Heping , Liu Hongwei , Chang Honglun 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Capsule sealing has always been a key procedure in hydrothermal experiments to explore the composition and properties of geo-fluids and their influence on various geological processes. Previously reported capsule sealing techniques have primarily focused on either weld-sealing or cold-sealing methods, which have some disadvantages and limitations. Here, we report on a newly developed, simple, and effective capsule sealing technique incorporating operations from the cold-sealing and weld-sealing techniques. The technique includes three steps: first, preparing inner and outer tubes, both with a flat bottom at one end; subsequently, reverse-buckling the tubes to form a preliminary seal; and finally, welding shut the tiny slit at one end of the tubes. The new capsule sealing technique was tested in experiments for fluid inclusion synthesis. Fluid inclusions were successfully synthesized in 10 runs over a range of conditions (800~900 °C, 1~1.5 GPa). Considering the insignificant mass changes recorded and the occurrence of free fluid from the recovered capsules, the new capsule sealing technique was proven to be reliable. The simple and effective capsule sealing technique has the following advantages over the previous techniques. First, the capsule sealing technique is simple, effective, and easy to operate. The technique does not require a capsule body and lid with a complex structure, nor does it require dies or special tools. The critical weld-sealing operation is easier to complete due to the narrow and uniform slit surrounded by more metal, during which loss of volatilization is prevented by the preliminary seal. Second, the capsules can be sealed with uniform thickness and regular shape, prechecked for leakage in an oven, and annealed under high temperature and high pressure with less deformation, which could improve the success rate of experiments. Third, the theoretically required capsule materials can be changed (such as precious metals, alloys, etc.), as can the dimensions required to construct a capsule with the desired size and wall thickness (large volume or thick wall). Thus, sealed capsules are suitable not only for piston cylinders but also for multi-anvil presses and other gas-media or hydrothermal-media apparatus, such as autoclaves and pressure vessels, which means a wider range of temperatures and pressures are accessible and thus more fields of application.
Interlayer energy of pyrophyllite: Implications for macroscopic friction
Authors: Sakuma Hiroshi , Kawai Kenji , Kogure Toshihiro 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDeformation of phyllosilicate can control the dynamics of the Earth's crust. The phenomenological relationship between stress and deformation is known for some typical phyllosilicates; however, the underlying physics originating from the crystal structures is poorly understood. In this study, the deformation mechanism of pyrophyllite along basal planes was revealed through density functional theory calculations and atomic-scale theory of friction. The stable and metastable interlayer structures formed by interlayer slide were consistent with the experimental results reported previously by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The difference in potential energies between stable and metastable interlayer structures can be interpreted as the difference in the stacking of dioctahedral sheets between the adjacent layers. The estimated friction coefficient of the pyrophyllite between adjacent layers was consistent with the results of atomic force microscopy, suggesting that atomic-scale friction can be adequately estimated by this method. The calculated shear stress in our simulations has a linear relationship with the normal stress and has no significant crystallographic dependence on sliding direction along the basal planes. The crystallographic isotropy of interlayer friction is explained by the absence of interlayer cations in pyrophyllite, while muscovite showed crystallographic anisotropy as observed in previous studies. The macroscopic friction of a single crystal of pyrophyllite was estimated from atomic-scale friction by using the area of contact. The macroscopic friction coefficient of ideal interlayer sliding was estimated to be 0.134, which was smaller than a reported value (0.276) in shear experiments conducted for wet polycrystalline gouge layers. This difference can be primarily explained by the degree of orientation of pyrophyllite particles in the gouge layers. The friction coefficient estimated by a simple model of randomly oriented pyrophyllite gouge layer was 0.203 ± 0.001, which was similar to the reported value of 0.276 and clearly smaller than the values (0.6–0.85) of common minerals estimated by the empirical Byerlee's law. These results indicate that weak interlayer friction of phyllosilicates has a large effect on the low frictional strength of gouge layers in natural faults. Our methodology and results are useful for understanding the physics behind the phenomenological friction laws of phyllosilicate gouge.
Spatiotemporal variations of water resources metabolism efficiency in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China
Authors: Meng Lihong , Yang Dewei , Ding Zhiyong , Wang Yuandong , Ma Weijing 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Intensive and extensive water consumption and its potential negative impacts are increasingly challenging regional development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region (BTH). It is necessary to enhance the metabolic efficiency of both physical and virtual water, and the latter is often neglected in research and practical fields. The material flow analysis method was employed in evaluating spatiotemporal variations of the Water Resources Metabolism Efficiency (WME) for exploring the inherent driving mechanisms in the BTH region. Results indicate that the WME increased obviously and differently in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, as well as in the whole BTH region from 1990 to 2015. The changes in WME depend significantly on the improvement in society and economics. Water production and water consumption are crucial for the integrated metabolic efficiency of physical and virtual water, followed by other influencing factors, i.e., freshwater recycling use ratio (Rfw), total retail amount of commodities of unit water use (Cw), and industrial output value per cubic metre of water resources (Uio). The results could provide alternative references for efficient and effective utilization of water resources within and beyond similar cities.
Perkembangan kognitif dalam Islam dan model bioekologi urie bronfenbrenner untuk hidup di era revolusi 4.0
Authors: Perdana Riki 
Published: February 2020

Human development is influenced by many factors so that each stage requires different treatments in order to become fully human. This study aims to describe the human development of the bioecological model and be related to the concept of human development in Islam. The method used is a literature review, by reviewing a number of scientific articles published from 2010 - 2020. Articles obtained from a number of indexed journals such as Google Scholar, Copernicus, Scopus Elsevier, Sage publication and other indexes. The results showed that there were five (5) stages of human development in the bioecological model including microsystems, mesosystems, ecosystems, macrosystems, and chronosystems. There are nine (9) stages of human development in an Islamic perspective ranging from 0 years to 80 years and above. In life in the era of industrial revolution 4.0 there are several points that become basic principles such as flexibility, efficiency, digitalization, decentralization, and individualization of needs. The conclusion of this research is that for every child development, it cannot be carried out directly with the pattern of the industrial revolution 4.0, each stage requires a different treatment so that the pattern of life in accordance with the Islamic religious guidance without lagging with the current of globalization. Perkembangan manusia dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor sehingga setiap tahap membutuhkan perlakuan yang berbeda agar dapat menjadi manusia seutuhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perkembangan manusia model bioekologi dan dihubungkan dengan konsep perkembangan manusia dalam islam. Metode yang dilakukan adalah literature review, dengan merivew sejumlah artikel ilmiah yang terbit sejak tahun 2010 – 2020. Artikel diperoleh dari sejumlah jurnal terindeks seperti google scholar, copernius, scopus Elsevier, Sage publication dan indeks lain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada lima (5) meliputi mikrosistem, mesosistem, eksosistem, makrosistem dan kronosistem. Terdapat Sembilan (9) tahapan perkembangan manusia mulai dari 0 th hingga 80 th ke atas. Dalam kehidupan di era revolusi industri 4.0 ada beberapa poin yang menjadi prinsip dasar yaitu fleksibilitas, efisiensi, digitalisasi, desentralisasi dan individualisasi kebutuhan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pada setiap perkembangan anak, tidak bisa langsung dijalankan dengan pola revolusi industri 4.0, setiap tahapan memerlukan perlakukan yang berbeda agar pola kehidupan sesuai dengan tuntuan agama Islam tanpa tertinggal dengan arus globalisasi.
Pengenalan Budaya Melalui Bercerita untuk Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Rahmawati Yulfrida 
Published: February 2020

Bangsa yang besar adalah bangsa yang berbudaya dan berkarakter. Kebudayaan mencerminkan karakter sebuah bangsa. Anak-anak yang tumbuh dan berkembang dalam lingkungan budaya tertentu akan membentuk budaya yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Kebudayaan juga menentukan pola pandang manusia. Inilah yang menjadikan asumsi bahwa budaya sebagai aspek penting dalam pembelajaran anak usia dini. Salah satu cara terbaik mengenalkan budaya adalah melalui mendongeng. Kata kunci: Kebudayaan, Mendongeng, Anak Usia Dini
PENTAS WAYANG BOCAH SEBAGAI SARANA MEDIA PENDIDIKAN SENI UNTUK ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Pamungkas Joko 
Published: February 2020

Pertunjukan seni wayang bocah memiliki beberapa fungsi, salah satunya sebagai sarana media pendidikan. Kegiatan seni pentas wayang bocah dapat dijadikan media mendidik anak untuk bersikap dewasa dan menghindari tingkah laku yang menyimpang. Nilai-nilai keindahan dan keluhuran pada wayang bocah dapat mengasah perasaan seseorang. Secara umum konsep wayang bocah sebagai sarana pendidikan seni berfungsi untuk membantu pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, Membina perkembangan estetika, dan Membantu menyempurnakan kehidupan.Kata kunci: Wayang,bocah.aud
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL MELALUI PENERAPAN ATURAN MAIN PADA KEGIATAN BERMAIN DI SENTRA KELOMPOK A2 TK ABA JOGOKARYAN
Authors: Farhani Tsany Nur 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial anak kelompok A2 di TK ABA Jogokaryan Jogjakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan secara kolaboratif partisipatif dengan menggunakan model penelitian Kurt Lewin. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak kelompok A2 di TK ABA Jogokaryan Jogjakarta yang berjumlah 15 anak yang terdiri dari 8 anak laki-laki dan 7 anak perempuan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah observasi dan dokumentasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data digunakan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan aturan main pada kegiatan bermain di sentra dapat meningkatkan keterampilan sosial anak A2 di TK ABA Jogokaryan Jogjakarta. Peningkatan dari pra tindakan ke Siklus I sebesar 33,3% dan dari Siklus I ke Siklus II mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 20%. Anak yang berada pada kriteria Berkembang Sesuai Harapan pada Siklus II sebesar 80%. Adapun keberhasilan tersebut dilakukan dengan langkah sebagai berikut: (1) menyiapkan media di setiap sentra (2) memberikan kesempatan kepada anak untuk berekspolasi sesuai gagasannya di setiap sentar (3) menerapkan aturan main yang telah disepakati bersama di sentar (4) memberi reward bagi yang mengikuti aturan main di sentra (5) memberi punishment bagi yang belum mengikuti aturan main. Kata kunci: keterampilan sosial, aturan bermain di sentra
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PENGGUNAAN KATA KERJA PADA ANAK USIA 5 TAHUN
Authors: Siron Yubaedi 
Published: February 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan anak usia 5 tahun dalam menggunakan kata kerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini anak usia 5 tahun yang ada di kompleks jalan pemuda II kelurahan Rawamangun Jakarta Timur. Data dianalisis dengan mereduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa kata yang dihasilkan oleh anak usia dini sangat banyak. Kata kerja yang diucapkan sudah dapat diketahui dan dipahami oleh teman bermainnya. Data yang muncul, pada tahap ini anak dalam menggunakan kata kerja masih menggunakan kata dasar. Pengucapan anak dalam menggunakan kalimat beberapa masih belum jelas. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa penggunaan kata kerja pada anak usia 5 tahun tidak diimbangi dengan penggunaan kalimat yang lengkap/kompleks. Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan bahwa anak usia 5 tahun sudah mulai dapat bercanda dengan kata-kata. Kata Kunci: kemampuan, kata kerja, anak usia lima tahun.
Digital Self-Management Interventions for People With Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis
Authors: Safari Reza , Jackson Jessica , Sheffield David 
Published: February 2020

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is not curable, but the symptoms can be managed through self-management programs (SMPs). Owing to the growing burden of OA on the health system and the need to ensure high-quality integrated services, delivering SMPs through digital technologies could be an economic and effective community-based approach.

Objective
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of digital-based structured SMPs on patient outcomes in people with OA.

Methods
A total of 7 web-based and 3 gray literature databases were searched for randomized controlled trials assessing digital-based structured SMPs on self-reported outcomes including pain, physical function, disability, and health-related quality of life (QoL) in people with OA. Two reviewers independently screened the search results and reference lists of the identified papers and related reviews. Data on the intervention components and delivery and behavioral change techniques used were extracted. A meta-analysis, risk of bias sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis were performed where appropriate. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of evidence.

Results
A total of 8 studies were included in this review involving 2687 patients with knee (n=2); knee, hip, or both (n=5); and unspecified joint (n=1) OA. SMPs were delivered via telephone plus audio and video, internet, or mobile apps. Studies reported that digital-based structured SMPs compared with the treatment as usual control group (n=7) resulted in a significant, homogeneous, medium reduction in pain and improvement in physical function (standardized mean difference [SMD] –0.28, 95% CI –0.38 to –0.18 and SMD –0.26, 95% CI –0.35 to –0.16, respectively) at posttreatment. The digital-based structured SMP effect on pain and function reduced slightly at the 12-month follow-up but remained to be medium and significant. The posttreatment effect of digital-based structured SMPs was small and significant for disability, but nonsignificant for QoL (SMD –0.10, 95% CI –0.17 to 0.03 and SMD –0.17, 95% CI –0.47 to 0.14, respectively; each reported in 1 study only). The 12-month follow-up effect of the intervention was very small for disability and QoL. The quality of evidence was rated as moderate for pain and physical function and low and very low for disability and QoL, respectively, using the GRADE approach.

Conclusions
Digital-based structured SMPs may result in improvement in pain and physical function that is largely sustained at the 12-month follow-up in people with knee and hip OA. The effects on disability and QoL are smaller and less clear. The quality of evidence is moderate to low, and further research is required to confirm the findings of the review and assess the effects of digital-based structured SMPs on other health-related outcomes.
Predicting the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Australian Cohort Using Machine-Learning Techniques: Longitudinal Survey Study
Authors: Zhang Lei , Shang Xianwen , Sreedharan Subhashaan , Yan Xixi , Liu Jianbin , Keel Stuart , Wu Jinrong , Peng Wei , He Mingguang 
Published: February 2020

Background
Previous conventional models for the prediction of diabetes could be updated by incorporating the increasing amount of health data available and new risk prediction methodology.

Objective
We aimed to develop a substantially improved diabetes risk prediction model using sophisticated machine-learning algorithms based on a large retrospective population cohort of over 230,000 people who were enrolled in the study during 2006-2017.

Methods
We collected demographic, medical, behavioral, and incidence data for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in over 236,684 diabetes-free participants recruited from the 45 and Up Study. We predicted and compared the risk of diabetes onset in these participants at 3, 5, 7, and 10 years based on three machine-learning approaches and the conventional regression model.

Results
Overall, 6.05% (14,313/236,684) of the participants developed T2DM during an average 8.8-year follow-up period. The 10-year diabetes incidence in men was 8.30% (8.08%-8.49%), which was significantly higher (odds ratio 1.37, 95% CI 1.32-1.41) than that in women at 6.20% (6.00%-6.40%). The incidence of T2DM was doubled in individuals with obesity (men: 17.78% [17.05%-18.43%]; women: 14.59% [13.99%-15.17%]) compared with that of nonobese individuals. The gradient boosting machine model showed the best performance among the four models (area under the curve of 79% in 3-year prediction and 75% in 10-year prediction). All machine-learning models predicted BMI as the most significant factor contributing to diabetes onset, which explained 12%-50% of the variance in the prediction of diabetes. The model predicted that if BMI in obese and overweight participants could be hypothetically reduced to a healthy range, the 10-year probability of diabetes onset would be significantly reduced from 8.3% to 2.8% (P<.001).

Conclusions
A one-time self-reported survey can accurately predict the risk of diabetes using a machine-learning approach. Achieving a healthy BMI can significantly reduce the risk of developing T2DM.
Meningkatkan resiliensi penyintas pelesual melalui terapi pemaafan
Authors: Theofani Eukaristianica , Herdiana Ike 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak. Kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan akibat pelecehan seksual terasa sangat berat bagi wanita sehingga dibutuhkan kemampuan untuk bangkit dari keterpurukan yang disebut resiliensi. Individu yang resilien mampu menghadapi hal yang menekan dalam hidupnya dan berusaha untuk mengatasi tekanan melalui strategi koping, salah satunya dengan melakukan pemaafan. Terapi pemaafan adalah salah satu bentuk intervensi yang dapat meningkatkan resiliensi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan resiliensi pada wanita penyintas pelecehan seksual melalui terapi pemaafan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen semu dengan desain reversal A-B. Subjek penelitian adalah 3 orang wanita penyintas pelecehan seksual yang mengalami kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan dengan tingkat resiliensi rendah atau sedang berdasarkan kategorisasi skala CYRM-28. Data dianalisis dengan analisis visual dan analisis nonparametrik Wilcoxon. Hasil analisis visual menunjukkan peningkatan resiliensi, sedangkan hasil analisis nonparametrik menunjukkan perbedaan resiliensi yang tidak signifikan (0,109 > 0,05) antara sebelum dan setelah intervensi diberikan. Meskipun demikian, pengukuran effect size menunjukkan bahwa terapi pemaafan berpengaruh besar (0,926 > 0,8) untuk meningkatkan resiliensi wanita penyintas pelecehan seksual yang mengalami kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan.Kata kunci: kehamilan tidak diinginkan, pelecehan seksual, resiliensi, terapi pemaafanAbstract. An unwanted pregnancy due to sexual abuse feels so heavy for a woman so that it needs the ability to rise from adversity called resilience. Resilient individuals are able to deal with pressures in their lives and try to deal with stress through coping strategies, which is to forgive. Forgiveness therapy is a form of intervention that can increase resilience. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in resilience in women survivors of sexual abuse who experienced an unwanted pregnancy through forgiveness therapy. This research uses quasi-experimental method with A-B reversal design. Subjects were 3 survivors of sexual abuse who experienced an unwanted pregnancy with low or moderate resilience based on the CYRM-28 scale categorization. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon visual analysis and nonparametric analysis. The results of visual analysis showed an increase in resilience, while the results of the nonparametric analysis showed a non-significant difference in resilience (0.109> 0.05) between before and after the intervention was given. Even so, measurement of effect size shows that forgiveness therapy has a big effect (0.926> 0.8) to increase the resilience of survivors of sexual abuse who experienced an unwanted pregnancy.Keywords: unwanted pregnancy, sexual abuse, resilience, forgiveness therapy