bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management and Nutrition of Neonates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review of the Existing Guidelines and Recommendations
Authors: Genoni Giulia , Conio Alessandra , Binotti Marco , Manzoni Paolo , Castagno Matteo , Rabbone Ivana , Monzani Alice 
Published: September 2020

Objective We aimed at reviewing the currently available guidelines and scientific recommendations regarding the neonatal in-hospital management and feeding in the light of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.Study Design We systematically searched the guideline databases, Medline, Embase, and nationale/international neonatal societies websites as of June 19, 2020, for guidelines on neonatal management and feeding during the COVID-19 pandemic, at the same time assessing the methodological quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II tool.Results Eleven guidelines were included. The Chinese and American recommendations suggest separation of the mother and her neonate, whereas in French, Italian, UK, Canadian, and World Health Organization consensus documents the rooming-in is suggested, with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines suggesting to decide on a case-by-case basis. All the guidelines recommend breastfeeding or feeding with expressed maternal milk; the only exception is the Chinese recommendations, these last suggesting to avoid breastfeeding.Conclusion This review may provide a useful tool for clinicians and organizers, highlighting differences and similarities of the existing guidelines on the management and feeding strategies in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic.Key Points
Transcervical (SP) and Transhiatal DaVinci Robotic Esophagectomy: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: van der Sluis Pieter , Egberts Jan-Hendrik , Stein Hubert , Sallum Rubens , van Hillegersberg Richard , Grimminger Peter P. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background This is a preclinical cadaveric study to investigate the feasibility of a fully robotic McKeown esophagectomy in simultaneous rendezvous technique using the DaVinci X for transhiatal dissection and the DaVinci single port (SP) for transcervical dissection.
Methods Two transcervical esophagectomies with the DaVinci SP surgical system were performed as training procedures. In the third transcervical cadaveric procedure, the DaVinci SP was installed for the transcervical approach and the DaVinci X surgical system for the abdominal transhiatal phase. Primary outcomes were operating time and lymphadenectomy.
Results The mobilization of the esophagus was successfully completed in 118 minutes by using the DaVinci SP for the transcervical phase and the DaVinci X for the transhiatal abdominal phase simultaneously. In total 18 lymph nodes were dissected in the thorax; 3 were located paratracheal right, 3 paratracheal left, 4 subcarinal, 4 para-aortic, 2 paraesophageal upper mediastinal, and 2 paraesophageal middle mediastinal.
Conclusion This preclinical study demonstrated that a fully robotic McKeown esophagectomy in simultaneous rendezvous technique using the DaVinci X for transhiatal dissection and the DaVinci SP for transcervical dissection was feasible with adequate lymphadenectomy in a cadaver model. Future research will elucidate the indications for the use of the fully robotic transhiatal and transcervical esophagectomy.
Timing and structure of the Younger Dryas event and its underlying climate dynamics
Authors: Cheng Hai , Zhang Haiwei , Spötl Christoph , Baker Jonathan , Sinha Ashish , Li Hanying , Bartolomé Miguel , Moreno Ana , Kathayat Gayatri , Zhao Jingyao , Dong Xiyu , Li Youwei , Ning Youfeng , Jia Xue , Zong Baoyun , Ait Brahim Yassine , Pérez-Mejías Carlos , Cai Yanjun , Novello Valdir F. , Cruz Francisco W. , Severinghaus Jeffrey P. , An Zhisheng , Edwards R. Lawrence 
Published: September 2020

Significance
The Younger Dryas (YD) was an ∼1,300-y period of extreme climate that dramatically reversed the course of global warming that brought the last Ice Age to a close. Understanding what mechanisms triggered and terminated this event remains enigmatic, but it is fundamental for gaining insights into the inner workings of Earth’s climate system. In this study, we used a combination of well-dated speleothem and ice-core records to pinpoint the timing of its onsets and terminations in various climatic regimes around the world. We show that the YD event occurred first at high northern latitudes and then propagated southward into the tropical monsoon belt through both atmospheric and oceanic processes, ultimately reaching Antarctica before reversing the course to its eventual termination.
Sexually dimorphic effects of forkhead box a2 (FOXA2) and uterine glands on decidualization and fetoplacental development
Authors: Dhakal Pramod , Kelleher Andrew M. , Behura Susanta K. , Spencer Thomas E. 
Published: September 2020

SignificanceUterine glands play a critical role in embryo implantation and pregnancy establishment. Using mouse genetic models, we found that FOXA2-regulated genes in the uterine glands influence development of the decidua, as well as the placenta and fetus in a sex-dependent manner. These findings support the idea that uterine gland dysfunction affects placental and fetal growth with sexually dimorphic impacts on offspring adult health and disease.
AtFLL2, a member of the FLO2 gene family, affects the enlargement of leaves at the vegetative stage and facilitates the regulation of carbon metabolism and flow
Authors: Sato Nonoka , Kihira Miho , Matsushita Ryoko , Kaneko Chihiro , Ishii Yohei , Yin Yong-Gen , Kawachi Naoki , Teramura Hiroshi , Kusano Hiroaki , Shimada Hiroaki 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana FLL2, a member of the FLO2 gene family, is expressed specifically in green leaves. The fll2 mutant showed significantly large rosette leaves and reduced the chlorophyll content. The sucrose content was significantly reduced. The glucose content was higher during the vegetative growth stage but decreased during the early reproductive growth stage. The amount of assimilated starch was lower than that in the wild type plant. The expression levels of genes involved in biosynthesis of sucrose and starch were largely altered. These results suggest that, in the fll2 mutant, a small amount of photosynthetic products was used for the biosynthesis of starch, and the products were supplied to promote intracellular growth of the source organs or for transport to the sink organs. These findings suggest that FLL2 is a factor affecting the expression level of genes involved in sugar metabolism, whose mutation caused a change in the assimilated products.
Abbreviations : DAS: days after sowing
Assessing the detectability of a stochastic gravitational wave background with LISA, using an excess of power approach
Authors: Karnesis N , Lilley M , Petiteau A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The laser interferometer space antenna will be the first gravitational wave observatory in space. It is scheduled to fly in the early 2030’s. LISA design predicts sensitivity levels that potentially enable the detection a stochastic gravitational wave background signal. This stochastic type of signal is a superposition of signatures from sources that cannot be resolved individually and which are of various types, each one contributing with a different spectral shape. In this work we present a fast methodology to assess the detectability of a stationary, Gaussian, and isotropic stochastic signal in a set of frequency bins, combining information from the available data channels. We derive an analytic expression of the Bayes factor between the instrumental noise-only and the signal plus instrumental noise models, that allows us to compute the detectability bounds of a given signal, as a function of frequency and prior knowledge on the instrumental noise spectrum.
Non-equilibrium chiral domain wall dynamics excited by transverse magnetic field pulses
Authors: Cho Jaehun , Kim Kyoung-Whan , Lee Myoung-Jae , Lee Hyeon-Jun , Kim June-Seo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Non-equilibrium domain wall dynamics on a perpendicularly magnetized nanowire manipulated by the transverse magnetic field pulse are numerically investigated. We systematically observe the large displacements of the chiral domain wall and the domain wall tilting angles generated by Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction during the competition between the precession torque and the magnetic damping process. The magnetic-property-dependent domain wall displacements exhibit that the lower magnetic damping constants and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya energy densities generate the longer transition times and the significant larger domain wall displacements for the non-equilibrium magnetization dynamics. Compare with the spin-polarized-current-driven domain wall dynamics, the transverse magnetic field pulses guarantee faster domain wall movements without Walker breakdown and lower energy consumptions because it is free from the serious Joule heating issue. Finally, we demonstrate successive chiral domain wall displacements, which are necessary to develop multilevel resistive memristors for next-generation artificial intelligent devices based on magnetic domain wall motions.
Observation of photonic spin-momentum locking due to coupling of achiral metamaterials and quantum dots
Authors: Yadav Ravindra Kumar , Liu Wenxiao , Indukuri S R K Chaitanya , Vasista Adarsh B , Kumar G V Pavan , Agarwal Girish S , Basu Jaydeep Kumar 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Chiral interfaces provide a new platform to execute quantum control of light-matter interactions. One phenomenon which has emerged from engineering such nanophotonic interfaces is spin-momentum locking akin to similar reports in electronic topological materials and phases. While there are reports of spin-momentum locking with combination of chiral emitters and/or chiral metamaterials with directional far field excitation it is not readily observable with both achiral emitters and metamaterials. Here, we report the observation of photonic spin-momentum locking in the form of directional and chiral emission from achiral quantum dots (QDs) evanescently coupled to achiral hyperbolic metamaterials (HMM). Efficient coupling between QDs and the metamaterial leads to emergence of these photonic topological modes which can be detected in the far field. We provide theoretical explanation for the emergence of spin-momentum locking through rigorous modeling based on photon Green’s function where pseudo spin of light arises from coupling of QDs to evanescent modes of HMM.
Crystal structure and phase transition of TlReO4: a combined experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Mondal S , Vaitheeswaran G , Kennedy Brendan J , Chay Clarissa , Injac Sean , Errandonea Daniel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The present work describes a density-functional theory (DFT) study of TlReO4 in combination with powder x-ray diffraction experiments as a function of temperature and Raman measurements at ambient temperature. X-ray diffraction measurements reveal three different structures as a function of temperature. A monoclinic structure (space group P21/c) is observed at room temperature while two isostructural tetragonal structures (space group I41/a) are found at low- and high-temperature. In order to complement the experimental results first-principles DFT calculations were performed to compute the structural energy differences. From the total energies it is evident that the monoclinic structure has the lowest total energy when compared to the orthorhombic structure, which was originally proposed to be the structure at room temperature, which agrees with our experiments. The structural and vibrational properties of the low- and room-temperature phase of TlReO4 have been calculated using DFT. Inclusion of van der Waals correction to the standard DFT exchange correlation functional is found to improve the agreement with the observed structural and vibrational properties. The Born effective charge of these phases has also been studied which shows a combination of ionic and covalent nature, resembling metavalent bonding. Calculations of zone-center phonon frequencies lead to the symmetry assignment of previously reported low-temperature Raman modes. We have determined the frequencies of the eight infrared-active, 13 Raman-active and three silent modes of low-temperature TlReO4 along with 105 infrared-active and 108 Raman-active modes for room-temperature TlReO4. Phonons of these two phases of TlReO4 are mainly divided into three regions which are below 150 cm−1 due to vibration of whole crystal, 250 to 400 cm−1 due to wagging, scissoring, rocking and twisting and above 900 cm−1 due to stretching in ReO4 tetrahedron. The strongest infrared peak is associated to the internal asymmetric stretching of ReO4 whereas the strongest Raman peak is associated to the internal symmetric stretching of ReO4. We have also measured the room-temperature Raman spectra of monoclinic TlReO4 identifying up to 28 modes. This Raman spectrum has been interpreted by comparison with the previously reported Raman frequencies of the low-temperature phase and our calculated Raman frequencies of low- and room-temperature phases of TlReO4.
Tunable ferromagnetic ordering in phosphorus adsorbed ReS2 nanosheets
Authors: Li Junfu , Liao Zhongxin , Xia Baorui , Wang Tongtong , Gao Daqiang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are considered as promising materials for electronic, optoelectronic and spintronic devices due to their outstanding properties. Herein, based on rhenium disulfide (ReS2) nanosheets, we realized the intrinsic room temperature ferromagnetism with the adsorption of P adatoms (P-ReS2). Experiments indicate that the saturation magnetization (Ms
) can be tuned by the P ratios, where the maximum Ms
can reach up to 0.0174 emu g−1. Besides, density functional theory (DFT) calculation results demonstrate that the strong hybridization between Re d and P p orbitals is the main reason of inducing ferromagnetism in P-ReS2 system. This work provides a novel method to engineer the magnetism of TMDs, endowing them with the possibility of spintronic applications.
Magnetic field generation using single-plate targets driven by kJ-ns class laser
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Singh Sushil , Ahmed Hamad , Dudžák Roman , Dostál Jan , Chodukowski Tomasz , Giuffrida Lorenzo , Hadjisolomu Prokopis , Hodge Thomas , Juha Libor , Krouský Eduard , Krůs Miroslav , Li Yuanzhe , Lutoslawski Piotr , De Marco Massimo , Pfeifer Miroslav , Rusiniak Zofia , Skála Jiří , Ullschmeid Jiří , Pisarczyk Tadeusz , Borghesi Marco , Kar Satyabrata 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Strong magnetic fields of upto 20 T, corresponding to a current of tens of kA were produced in a coil connected to a single-plate of cm2 area irradiated by a kJ-ns laser pulse. The use of such macroscopic plates protects the coil from plasma debris, while maintaining a strong magnetic field for a time-scale much longer than the laser pulse duration. By correlating the measured magnetic field in the coil to the number of electrons emitted from the interaction zone, we deduce that the target capacitance is enhanced by two orders of magnitude because of the plasma sheath in the proximity of the focal spot. The particle-in-cell simulation illustrates the dynamics of sheath potential and current flow through the coil to ground, thus closing the circuit due to the escape of laser-produced hot electrons from the target.
Distribution of inception times in repetitive pulsed discharges in synthetic air
Authors: Mirpour S , Martinez A , Teunissen J , Ebert U , Nijdam S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Knowing which processes and species are responsible for discharge inception is important for being able to speed up, delay, or completely avoid it. We study discharge inception in 500 mbar synthetic air by applying 10 ms long 17 kV pulses with a repetition frequency of 2 Hz to a pin-to-plate electrode geometry with a gap length of 6 cm. We record inception times for hundreds of pulses by measuring the time delay between the rising edge of the high-voltage (HV) pulse and the signal from a photo-multiplier tube. Three characteristic time scales for inception are observed: (1) 20 ns, (2) 25 μs, and (3) 125 μs. To investigate the underlying processes, we apply a low-voltage (LV) pulse in between the HV pulses. These LV pulses can speed up or delay discharge inception, and our results suggest that the three time scales correspond to: (1) free electrons or electron detachment from negative ions close to the electrode, (2) a process that liberates electrons from (quasi)-neutrals, and (3) the drift of an elevated density of negative ions to the ionization zone. However, each of these explanations has its caveats, which we discuss. We present a theoretical analysis of the distribution of inception times, and perform particle simulations in the experimental discharge geometry. Some of the observed phenomena can be explained by these approaches, but a surprizing number of open questions remain.
Nylon/Ag fiber sensor for real-time damage monitoring of composites subjected to dynamic loading
Authors: Qureshi Y , Tarfaoui M , Benyahia H , Lafdi K K , Lafdi K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this article, the goal is to monitor the deformation and damage behavior of composites in real-time using a Nylon/Ag fiber sensor when subjected to dynamic loading. Composite samples are integrated with Nylon/Ag fiber sensors at distinct locations and directions between the plies. Then, these samples are experimentally impacted with low-velocity impact using the Taylor Cannon Gun apparatus at three different velocities i.e. 2.5 m s−1, 3 m s−1, and 6.5 m s−1, respectively. These three sets of tests are conducted to determine the detection performance of the Nylon/Ag fiber sensor when the composite sample experiences no damage, some microdamage, and overall breakage. Besides, the fiber sensor placed in each position showed distinct electrical behavior in all three tests and detected the deformation, damage initiation, quantification, identification, and damage propagation. The results confirmed the ability of the fiber sensor to monitor and identify the mechanical deformation during dynamic loading and showed that the sensor can be used as a flexible sensor reinforcement in composites for in-situ monitoring as well.
A dynamic strain-based quench-detection method in an LTS sextupole magnet during excitation and quench
Authors: Gao Peifeng , Guan Mingzhi , Xin Canjie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The dynamic strain characteristics and responses of a low-temperature superconducting (LTS) magnet during excitation and a quench are investigated in the present work. For the strain measurements, strain gauges in the form of a half-bridge circuit comprising cryogenic strain gauges and their dummy resistances are embedded directly within the superconducting magnet structure. A wireless high-speed data acquisition system with a resolution of 1 ms is also used to obtain the strain history of the LTS magnet during operation. The dynamic strain induced by thermal or mechanical disturbances is detected promptly and compared with the transport current and temperature signals recorded during a quench. This indicates that the dynamic strain measured in the LTS magnet can capture a quench feature in a timely manner. For a better understanding of the dynamic strain histories in the magnet, the dynamic strain signals are subjected to spectral analysis during the excitation and pre- and post-quench processes. It is shown originally that several spectral peaks on strain measured are always observed at the onset of a quench. Thus, the dynamic strain characteristics and responses provide a evaluation means of superconducting magnet.
Experimental implementation of arbitrary entangled operations
Authors: Hong Seongjin , Park Chang Hoon , Choi Yeon-Ho , Kim Yong-Su , Cho Young-Wook , Oh Kyunghwan , Lim Hyang-Tag 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Quantum entanglement lies at the heart of quantum mechanics in both fundamental and practical aspects. The entanglement of quantum states has been studied widely both theoretically and experimentally, however, the entanglement of operators has not been studied much experimentally in spite of its importance. Here, we propose a scheme to realize arbitrary entangled operations based on a coherent superposition of local operations with a non-zero probability of failure. Then, we experimentally implement several intriguing two-qubit entangled operations in photonic systems. We also discuss the generalization of our scheme to extend the number of superposed operations and the number of qubits. Due to the simplicity of our scheme, we believe that it can reduce the complexity or required resources of the quantum circuits and provide insights to investigate properties of entangled operations.
Quantum device fine-tuning using unsupervised embedding learning
Authors: van Esbroeck N M , Lennon D T , Moon H , Nguyen V , Vigneau F , Camenzind L C , Yu L , Zumbühl D M , Briggs G A D , Sejdinovic D , Ares N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Quantum devices with a large number of gate electrodes allow for precise control of device parameters. This capability is hard to fully exploit due to the complex dependence of these parameters on applied gate voltages. We experimentally demonstrate an algorithm capable of fine-tuning several device parameters at once. The algorithm acquires a measurement and assigns it a score using a variational auto-encoder. Gate voltage settings are set to optimize this score in real-time in an unsupervised fashion. We report fine-tuning times of a double quantum dot device within approximately 40 min.
Emergent pattern formation of active magnetic suspensions in an external field
Authors: Koessel Fabian R , Jabbari-Farouji Sara 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We study collective self-organization of weakly magnetic active suspensions in a uniform external field by analyzing a mesoscopic continuum model that we have recently developed. Our model is based on a Smoluchowski equation for a particle probability density function in an alignment field coupled to a mean-field description of the flow arising from the activity and the alignment torque. Performing linear stability analysis of the Smoluchowski equation and the resulting orientational moment equations combined with non-linear 3D simulations, we provide a comprehensive picture of instability patterns as a function of strengths of activity and magnetic field. For sufficiently high activity and moderate magnetic field strengths, the competition between the activity-induced flow and external magnetic torque renders a homogeneous polar steady state unstable. As a result, four distinct dynamical patterns of collective motion emerge. The instability patterns for pushers include traveling sheets governed by bend-twist instabilities and dynamical aggregates. For pullers, finite-sized and system spanning pillar-like concentrated regions predominated by splay deformations emerge which migrate in the field direction. Notably, at very strong magnetic fields, we observe a reentrant hydrodynamic stability of the polar steady state.