bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of glistening and stability of intraocular lens material manufactured by different methods
Authors: Kawai Kenji 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To evaluate glistening and long-term stability of five commercially available intraocular lenses. Methods: This experimental study evaluated the SN60WF (Alcon), XY1 (Hoya), NS-60YG (NIDEK), ZCB00V (Johnson & Johnson Vision) and AN6KA (Kowa) intraocular lenses. To generate glistenings, intraocular lenses were immersed in physiological saline at 50°C for 2 h, then left in situ at 35°C and removed at regular intervals over 24 h. Stability of the intraocular lens material was assessed by immersing intraocular lenses into vials of purified water placed at 100°C for 115 days, which simulated 20-year ageing. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to detect leached compounds. Results: Almost no glistenings were observed for the AN6KA. Glistenings were observed in the remaining intraocular lenses after 3 h. The number of glistenings gradually disappeared by 6 h for all intraocular lenses except SN60WF (12 h). Only the NS-60YG and ZCB00V intraocular lenses had no changes in weight or dimensions. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry detected phenethyl alcohol in XY1 and SN60WF, 2-phenoxyethanol in AN6K and no compounds in the remaining intraocular lenses. A peak shift due to the carbonyl group between 1600 and 1700 cm−1 was detected for the SN60WF and AN6K intraocular lenses only. Conclusion: SN60WF had the most numerous glistenings that resolved over a longer duration. The long-term stability test confirmed elution of the intraocular lens material–derived compounds and signs of degradation for the XY1, SN60WF and AN6K intraocular lenses. NS-60YG and ZCB00V showed no signs of deterioration due to ageing. Differing manufacturing methods likely play a role in the stability of intraocular lenses.
‘When my autism broke’: A qualitative study spotlighting autistic voices on menopause
Authors: Moseley Rachel L , Druce Tanya , Turner-Cobb Julie M 
Published: January 2020

Autistic women often struggle with the onset of menstruation, a key transition point in the female reproductive lifespan. Presently, there is no research investigating how autistic people navigate the menopausal transition, and whether it poses additional challenges in addition to those already faced by neurotypical women. As a preliminary participatory study in this area, we conducted an online focus group with seven autistic individuals, aged 49–63 years (median = 64.5 years) and assigned female at birth, to explore the state of knowledge about the menopause in autism, difficulties the menopause might bring, support that might be needed, and what questions require scientific investigation. Thematic analysis of the discussion generated three themes: (a) lack of knowledge and understanding; (b) cracking the mask and adaptive functioning; and (c) finding support. Themes suggested a lack of professional knowledge, understanding and communication about menopause for autistic people, and an absence of support. Menopause was discussed as heightening pre-existing and generating new cognitive, social, emotional and sensory difficulties. This study illustrates the need for greater focus of attention towards how autistic people cope with the major life transition of menopause. Lay abstract Autistic girls are known to struggle with the onset of menstruation, reporting that during their period, sensory sensitivities are heightened, it becomes more difficult to think clearly and control their emotions and they struggle more with everyday life and self-care. Yet surprisingly, nothing is known about how autistic women handle the menopausal transition in midlife. In non-autistic women, the menopause brings many physical changes and challenging symptoms from hot flushes to feeling more anxious and depressed. Because autistic women are already vulnerable to suicide, poor physical and mental health, and because they may already struggle with planning, controlling their emotions and coping with change, the menopause may be an especially challenging time. Yet, not one single study exists on the menopause in autism, so we conducted an online discussion (focus group) with seven autistic women. They confirmed that very little is known about menopause in autistic people, very little support is available and that menopause might be especially difficult for autistic people. Autism-related difficulties (including sensory sensitivity, socializing with others and communicating needs) were reported to worsen during the menopause, often so dramatically that some participants suggested they found it impossible to continue to mask their struggles. Participants also reported having extreme meltdowns, experiencing anxiety and depression, and feeling suicidal. This study highlights how important it is that professionals pay attention to menopause in autism, and discusses future research directions.
Possible association between craniofacial dimensions and genetic markers in ESR1 and ESR2
Authors: Omori Marjorie Ayumi , Gerber Jennifer Tsi , Marañón-Vásquez Guido Artemio , Matsumoto Mirian Aiko Nakane , Weiss Suyany Gabriely , do Nascimento Mariele Andrade , Araújo Mônica Tirre de Souza , Stuani Maria Bernadete Sasso , Nelson-Filho Paulo , Scariot Rafaela , Küchler Erika Calvano 
Published: January 2020

Objective: To investigate the association of genetic markers in ESR1 and ESR2 with craniofacial measurements. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo. Participants: A total of 146 biologically unrelated, self-reported Caucasian Brazilians with no syndromic conditions were included. Methods: Sagittal and vertical measurements (ANB, S-N, Ptm’-A’, Co-Gn, Go-Pg, N-Me, ANS-Me, S-Go and Co-Go) from lateral cephalograms were examined for craniofacial evaluation. DNA was extracted from saliva and genetic markers in ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799) and in ESR2 (rs1256049 and rs4986938) were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated using the Chi-square test within each marker. The associations between craniofacial dimensions and genotypes were analysed by linear regression and adjusted by sex and age. The established alpha was 5%. Results: Individuals carrying CC in ESR1 rs2234693 had a decrease of –3.146 mm in ANS-Me ( P = 0.044). In addition, rs4986938 in ESR2 was associated with S-N measurement ( P = 0.009/ ß = –3.465). This marker was also associated with Go-Pg measurement, in which the CC genotype had a decrease of –3.925 mm in the length of the mandibular body ( P = 0.043). Conclusion: The present study suggests that in ESR1 and ESR2 are markers for variations in the craniofacial dimensions. However, further research should confirm the results.
Positive Health Behaviors and Their Determinants Among Men Active on the Labor Market in Poland
Authors: Hildt-Ciupińska Katarzyna , Pawłowska-Cyprysiak Karolina 
Published: January 2020

This paper reports on results from research conducted on health behaviors undertaken of men. Health behavior is one of the determinants of our health. The way in which people care for their health affects not only their health, but also their well-being, quality of life, and work ability. The lifestyle and health behavior have a significant impact on health, whereas a lack of pro-health behavior may cause the risk of many diseases and mortality, especially among men. The aim of the study was to define the determinants of positive health behaviors among men aged 20–65, active on the labor market. To check the attitudes of men toward health and health behavior, a questionnaire-based research has been carried out among 600 men active on the labor market. Several tools were used: Positive Health Behaviour Scale (Woynarowska-Sołdan & Węziak-Białowolska, 2012), Work Ability Index (Tuomi et al., 1998), work–life balance—with the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (subscale “Work-home conflict”) (Kristensen & Borg, 2005), Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (Wallston & Wallston, 1978, in polish adaptation Juczyński, 2001), Inventory for Psychological Sex Assessment (Kuczyńska, 2012) and Personal Values (Juczyński, 2001), and questionnaire “Work conditions” (developed in CIOPPIB). These studies have shown which factors determine their health behavior. The positive health behaviors of men were associated with good economic status, high self-assessment of care for health, positive opinions about life and work, and masculinity. They were also white-collar workers with good work ability.
Making Spaces for Staff Breaks: A Design Anthropology Approach
Authors: Pink Sarah , Duque Melisa , Sumartojo Shanti , Vaughan Laurene 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: This article proposes and demonstrates a design anthropological approach to hospital design and architecture and engages this approach to advance recent discussions of the question of designing for staff breaks. Background: We respond to calls for attention to sensory and experiential dimensions of hospital architecture and design through social science approaches and to research into the sensory environments for staff breaks. Method: Design anthropology enables us to surface the experiential and unspoken knowledge and practice of hospital staff, which is inaccessible through conventional consultations, quantitative post-occupancy evaluation surveys, or traditional interviews. We draw on ethnographic research into the everyday experience, improvisatory activity, and imagined futures of staff working in the psychiatric department of a large new architecturally designed hospital in Australia. Results: We argue that while the sensory aspects of hospital design conventionally cited—such as light and green areas—are relevant, attention to staff priorities that emerge in practice reveals that well-being is contingent on other qualities and resources. Conclusions: This suggests a refocus, away from the idea that environments impact on staff to create well-being, to understanding how staff improvise to create environments of well-being. We outline the implications of this research for an agenda for design for well-being in which architects and designers are often constrained by generic design briefs to argue for a shift in policy that attends more deeply to staff as future users of hospital designs.
Sounding out synthesis: Investigating how educators in a teaching with technology course use sonic composition to remix reflection
Authors: Wargo Jon M 
Published: January 2020

This study explores how educators ( n =  23) in a graduate-level “teaching with technology” course used the affordances of digital composing, and sonic composition in particular, to “sound out” reflection. Using the twin-lenses of sociocultural theory and social semiotics, findings suggest that sound operated as a: rhetorical tool for illustrating affect/argument; complementary mode to syncretic meaning; and a diegetic structural feature/locating mechanism. Examining how multimodality became a technology and communicative resource for teachers to remix reflection, this study highlights the frictions and freedoms of using sound to synthesize learning in the online teacher education classroom. As such, this article proposes novel ways to think with sound in e-learning and (re)educates the senses to hear practitioner-inquiry in new ways.
External validation and comparison of the CardShock and IABP-SHOCK II risk scores in real-world cardiogenic shock patients
Authors: Rivas-Lasarte Mercedes , Sans-Roselló Jordi , Collado-Lledó Elena , González-Fernández Víctor , Noriega Francisco J , Hernández-Pérez Francisco J , Fernández-Martínez Juan , Ariza Albert , Lidón Rosa-Maria , Viana-Tejedor Ana , Segovia-Cubero Javier , Harjola Veli-Pekka , Lassus Johan , Thiele Holger , Sionis Alessandro 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Mortality from cardiogenic shock remains high and early recognition and risk stratification are mandatory for optimal patient allocation and to guide treatment strategy. The CardShock and the Intra-Aortic Balloon Counterpulsation in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock (IABP-SHOCK II) risk scores have shown good results in predicting short-term mortality in cardiogenic shock. However, to date, they have not been compared in a large cohort of ischaemic and non-ischaemic real-world cardiogenic shock patients.

Methods
The Red-Shock is a multicentre cohort of non-selected cardiogenic shock patients. We calculated the CardShock and IABP-SHOCK II risk scores in each patient and assessed discrimination and calibration.

Results
We included 696 patients. The main cause of cardiogenic shock was acute coronary syndrome, occurring in 62% of the patients. Compared with acute coronary syndrome patients, non-acute coronary syndrome patients were younger and had a lower proportion of risk factors but higher rates of renal insufficiency; intra-aortic balloon pump was also less frequently used (31% vs 56%). In contrast, non-acute coronary syndrome patients were more often treated with mechanical circulatory support devices (11% vs 3%, p&lt;0.001 for both). Both risk scores were good predictors of in-hospital mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients and had similar areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (area under the curve: 0.742 for the CardShock vs 0.752 for IABP-SHOCK II, p=0.65). Their discrimination performance was only modest when applied to non-acute coronary syndrome patients (0.648 vs 0.619, respectively, p=0.31). Calibration was acceptable for both scores (Hosmer-Lemeshow p=0.22 for the CardShock and 0.68 for IABP-SHOCK II).

Conclusions
In our cohort, both the CardShock and the IABP-SHOCK II risk scores were good predictors of in-hospital mortality in acute coronary syndrome-related cardiogenic shock.
Evolution of the Walch Classification and Its Importance on the B2 Glenoid
Authors: Zimmer Zachary R , Carducci Michael P , Mahendraraj Kuhan A , Jawa Andrew 
Published: January 2020

A thorough assessment and understanding of glenoid morphology is critical prior to shoulder arthroplasty for primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis. This is due to the fact that multiple studies have demonstrated the importance of reestablishing the native glenoid anatomy on the long-term survivability of the polyethylene glenoid component. In 1999, Walch et al. created a classification system for primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis based upon glenoid erosion and retroversion, and humeral head posterior subluxation. Since its original publication, the Walch classification has been the most widely used classification system for primary glenohumeral arthritis. However, after its initial publication in 1999, additional modifications have been made to the classification to clarify various definitions as well as further characterize other glenoid morphopathology seen in primary glenohumeral osteoarthritis. This article will discuss the original and modified Walch classification, the key differences between the two and the importance of these differences on the classification of the “B2 glenoid.”
“My life is under control with these medications”: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of managing chronic pain with opioids
Authors: Ljungvall Hanna , Rhodin Annica , Wagner Sofia , Zetterberg Hedvig , Åsenlöf Pernilla 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
The use of opioids to relieve chronic pain has increased during the last decades, but experiences of chronic opioid therapy (COT) (> 90 days) point at risks and loss of beneficial effects. Still, some patients report benefits from opioid medication, such as being able to stay at work. Guidelines for opioid use in chronic pain do not consider the individual experience of COT, including benefits and risks, making the first person perspective an important scientific component to explore. The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experience of managing chronic pain with opioids in a sample who have severe chronic pain but are able to manage their pain sufficiently to remain at work.

Methods
We used a qualitative research design: interpretative phenomenological analysis. Ten individuals with chronic pain and opioid therapy were purposively sampled in Swedish tertiary care.

Results
Three super-ordinate themes emerged from the analyses: Without opioids, the pain becomes the boss; Opioids as a salvation and a curse, and Acknowledgement of the pain and acceptance of opioid therapy enables transition to a novel self. The participants used opioids to regain control over their pain, thus reclaiming their wanted life and self, and sense of control over one’s life-world. Using opioids to manage pain was not unproblematic and some of the participants had experienced a downward spiral of escalating pain and uncontrollable opioid use, and stigmatisation.

Conclusions
All participants emphasised the importance of control, regarding both pain and opioid use. To accomplish this, trust between participants and health care providers was essential for satisfactory treatment. Regardless of the potential sociocultural benefits of staying at work, participants had experiences of balancing positive and negative effects of opioid therapy, similar to what previous qualitative research has found.
Measurable improvement of function and quality of life, may justify the long-term use of opioids in some cases. However, monitoring of adverse events should be mandatory. This requires close cooperation and a trusting relationship between the patients and their health care provider.
Potential benefits of oral administration of AMORPHOPHALLUS KONJAC glycosylceramides on skin health – a randomized clinical study
Authors: Heggar Venkataramana Sudeep , Puttaswamy Naveen , Kodimule Shyamprasad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundCeramides play a fundamental role in maintaining the skin health as a function of improved barrier permeability. Reduced ceramide content results in skin dryness and wrinkledness. Intake of dietary ceramides potentially compensates the skin ceramide content. In the present study we have assessed the skin health benefits of oral supplementation of a hydroalcoholic extract fromAmorphophallus konjactubers standardized to 5% glycosylceramides, in a placebo-controlled clinical trial.MethodsFifty-one healthy human volunteers (aged 18–60 years) were supplemented with 100 mg/day of either a placebo orA. konjacextract capsules (5 mg glycosylceramides) for 6-weeks. The skin parameters were evaluated through dermatological diagnosis. Subject perceived efficacy of the product was further evaluated by a self-assessment questionnaire.ResultsOral intake ofA. konjacextract significantly decreased the skin dryness, hyperpigmentation, redness, itching and oilyness (p < 0.05). The improvement in skin health following intake ofA. konjacextract was observed to be time-dependent from the start. Further,A. konjacextract was well-tolerated throughout the study, as no adverse events or toxic changes were recorded.ConclusionThe study demonstrates the skincare properties of orally ingested glycosyl ceramides from konjac tubers.Trial registrationCTRI/2018/12/016661 dated 13/12/2018 retrospectively registered,http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/showallp.php?mid1=19851&EncHid=&userName=SkinCera
Genomic profiles and transcriptomic microenvironments in 2 patients with synchronous lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Wu Licheng , Kang Poming , Tao Shaolin , Zhao Zhikun , Chen Longyun , Xiao Yajie , Tan Qunyou 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Multifocal lung cancers (MLCs) are common in patients newly diagnosed with lung cancer, and histological results of most synchronous MLCs are similar. Few cases with different histology findings have been reported, and no genomic or transcriptomic profiling of this kind of cases were done before. Here, we analyzed genomic and transcriptomic profiles of all lung tumors from 2 patients with synchronous adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in the same lung lobe.

Case presentation
Two patients were diagnosed as synchronous adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and underwent surgical resection. All 4 tumors showed distinct genomic profiles, therefore were independent primary tumors. Several cancer-associated pathways, such as RTK-RAS pathway and Notch pathway, exhibited different mutated genes in different tumors from the same patient. Several known cancer genes with different mutations, including TP53 and KEAP1, were also detected. Mutation signature analysis demonstrated that the tumor initiation might be related to the transcription coupled nucleotide excision repair process. Two tumors for these 2 patients had loss of heterogeneity (LOH) in HLA genes, showing tumor escaping mechanism. Furthermore, tumor microenvironments showed different patterns in 2 tumors from the same patient. The tumor with more neoantigens and no HLA LOH showed more infiltrating CD8+ T cells and more clonal TCRs, indicating a more active microenvironment.

Conclusions
The lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma form the same patient are from independent origins. The genetic profiles and transcriptomic microenvironments are quite different for these 2 tumors. With the same genetic background, the 2 tumors in one patient exhibited different tumor escape mechanisms and immune responses, including HLA LOH and T cell infiltrating and expansion.
Mechanisms underpinning the association between physical activity and mental health in adolescence: a 6-year study
Authors: Doré Isabelle , Sylvester Benjamin , Sabiston Catherine , Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , O’Loughlin Jennifer , Brunet Jennifer , Bélanger Mathieu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Physical activity (PA) can promote mental health, but the mechanisms underpinning this association are not well-established. This study examined if perceptions of three basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) mediate the association between number of years participating in PA and mental health in adolescence.

Methods
Participants included 937 children (55% female) age 10–11 at inception of the longitudinal MATCH study, who provided data every 4 months over 6 years. Mediation analyses were used to assess the natural direct effect of number of years of PA participation (cycles 1–15) during late childhood and adolescence on later mental health (cycle 16), measured with the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF), and the natural indirect effect through each of self-perceived autonomy, competence and relatedness, and self-report MVPA (cycle 15).

Results
In single mediator models, indirect effects of autonomy, competence, relatedness and self-report MVPA were statistically significant. In joint mediation models (each of three models including one basic psychological need and MVPA), autonomy, competence and relatedness mediated 71, 27, and 51% of the association respectively; MVPA mediated 27–31% of the association. In the mediation model including all four mediators, relatedness mediated the largest proportion of the association, followed by autonomy and MVPA.

Conclusion
Results support developing strategies to encourage adolescents to engage and remain involved in PA. This could foster perceptions of autonomy, competence, and relatedness as well as MVPA, which in turn may enhance mental health.