bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: The effect of vitamin E supplementation in adult patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Vadarlis Andreas , Antza Christina , Bakaloudi Dimitra Rafailia , Doundoulakis Ioannis , Kalopitas Georgios , Samara Myrto , Dardavessis Theodoros , Maris Theofanis , Chourdakis Michail 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and AimΝon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is estimated to be the most common cause of end‐stage liver disease in the next years. Vitamin E has shown beneficial effects as a possible “scavenger” of oxidative stress products, which play a major role in pathogenesis of the disease. The purpose of the present meta‐analysis is to investigate the effects of vitamin E supplementation in biochemical and histological parameters in adult patients with NAFLD.MethodsLiterature search was performed in major electronic databases (MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Embase) up to June 2020 for randomized clinical trials, which examined vitamin E versus placebo treatment in adults with NAFLD. Changes in liver enzymes were considered as primary outcomes while changes in histological, biochemical, and metabolic parameters as secondary. Quality of evidence was assessed through risk of bias according to the Cochrane risk of bias tool.ResultsEight studies were included in qualitative analysis and seven in quantitative analysis. Vitamin E reduced the values of liver enzymes compared with placebo (−7.37 IU/L, 95% confidence interval: −10.11 to −4.64 for alanine aminotransferase, and −5.71 IU/L, 95% confidence interval: −9.49 to −1.93 for aspartate aminotransferase). Additionally, vitamin E improved statistically significantly liver pathology in every individual histological parameter as well as low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and serum leptin values.ConclusionsVitamin E can improve biochemical and histological characteristics of NAFLD patients, especially of non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis patients. The results indicate that vitamin E could be a promising choice and be considered as a treatment option in patients with NAFLD.
Relationship Between Fear of Falling, Fear‐Related Activity Restriction, Frailty, and Sarcopenia
Authors: Merchant Reshma Aziz , Chen Matthew Zhixuan , Wong Beatrix Ling Ling , Ng Shu Ee , Shirooka Hidehiko , Lim Jia Yi , Sandrasageran Surein , Morley John E. 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVESTo determine the prevalence of fear of falling (FOF) and fear‐related activity restriction (FAR) and their association with frailty, sarcopenia, gait speed and grip strength, cognitive impairment, depression, social isolation, self‐perceived health, and vision.DESIGNObservational cross‐sectional study.SETTINGCommunity.PARTICIPANTSA total of 493 community‐dwelling older adults, 60 years and older.MEASURESFOF and FAR were assessed using validated single closed‐ended questions. Questionnaire was administered to evaluate frailty (FRAIL scale ‐ Fatigue, Resistance, Aerobic, Illness, and Loss of Weight), sarcopenia (SARC‐F ‐ lifting and carrying 10 pounds, walking across a room, transferring from bed/chair, climbing a flight of 10 stairs, and frequency of falls in the past 1 year), social isolation (six‐item Lubben Social Network Scale), depression (Even Briefer Assessment Scale), cognition (Chinese Mini‐Mental State Examination), and perceived general health and pain (The EuroQol‐5 Dimension (EQ‐5D)and EQ visual analogue scale (EQ VAS)) . Binary logistic regression was performed to determine the influence of sociodemographic, medical, functional, and cognitive variables on FOF with/without FAR.RESULTSPrevalence of FOF was 69.2%, and among them, 38.4% had FAR. Prevalence of FOF with or without FAR in those with sarcopenia was 93.3% and in prefrail/frail was 76.6%. FOF was significantly associated with prefrail/frail (odds ratio (OR) = 2.17; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26–3.73), depression (OR = 4.90; 95% CI = 1.06–22.67), number of medications (OR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.03–1.59), and female sex (OR = 3.54; 95% CI = 1.82–6.90). FOF + FAR was associated with depression (OR = 5.17; 95% CI = 1.84–14.54) and sarcopenia (OR = 8.13; 95% CI = 1.52–43.41).CONCLUSIONFOF with/without FAR is highly prevalent among community‐dwelling older adults, especially in those with sarcopenia, prefrailty, and frailty, with significant negative impact on function, quality of life, social network, and mental health. Further research is needed to investigate the value of population‐level screening, causal relationship, and efficacy of comprehensive intervention strategies.
Analyst following, disclosure quality, and discretionary impairments: Evidence from China
Authors: Jiang Ling 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFinancial statement preparers’ discretion in fair value measurements is integral to asset impairment accounting. Firms may misuse this discretion to report more or less impairment loss than is warranted by underlying economic circumstances. Using data from a sample of publicly listed firms in China, this study finds that analyst following reduces abnormal impairment loss, the portion of reported impairment loss that cannot be explained by corporate economic circumstances and that this effect is more pronounced for firms with lower information disclosure quality. However, the reducing effects of analyst following and its interaction with disclosure quality are greater for income‐decreasing than for income‐increasing abnormal impairment loss. Additional analyses support the argument that these differences are attributable to the dominance of accounting’s contracting role over its informational role. Overall, the findings indicate that the influence of analyst following on discretionary impairment accounting decisions is moderated by disclosure quality and by the relative importance of accounting’s contracting and informational roles in an emerging market setting.
Symptom clusters and quality of life among patients with chronic heart failure: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hu Yinyi , Jiang Jiaoming , Xu Liyuan , Wang Cui , Wang Pengxiao , Yang Biwen , Tao Ming 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to identify symptom clusters among patients with chronic heart failure (HF) and examine their independent relationships with quality of life (QoL).MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional design was adopted, and 201 Chinese participants were recruited. Their symptom profiles and QoL were assessed using the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale‐Heart Failure and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the symptom clusters. Pearson's correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted to examine their independent relationships with QoL.ResultsSix distinct symptom clusters were identified: the fatigue, dyspneic, discomfort, congestive, ischemic, and emotional symptom clusters. These six symptom clusters accounted for 57.508% of the variance in patient symptom experiences and were positively related to their overall QoL. Moreover, the fatigue (β = .317, p < .001), dyspneic (β = .228, p < .001), congestive (β = .363, p < .001), and emotional (β = .200, p < .001) symptom clusters independently predicted QoL.ConclusionThe six symptom clusters that were identified in this study and the relationships that they shared with QoL are expected to inform future approaches to symptom management. Interventions that target these symptom clusters will improve the QoL of patients with HF.
Development of an early detection scale for intimate partner violence to occur in relationships under power and control
Authors: Shinjo Masaki , Inoue Matsuyo , Akamine Itsuko , Naka Chieri , Tanaka Hideo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to develop a detection scale for intimate partner violence (DS‐IPV), excluding physical and sexual violence, and to validate the scale.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was undertaken using an anonymous 26‐item self‐administered questionnaire with volunteer women aged 18–59 residing in one prefecture in Japan. A total of 1,937 responses were obtained, and 1,915 were valid. The responses of the 1,277 women who had a partner at the time were included in the analysis. Statistical analysis examined exploratory/confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, and construct validity.ResultsA four‐factor scale with 22 items was extracted for the DS‐IPV. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the indices of fitness supported these results. Prior to the factor analysis, the Kiser‐Mayer‐Olkin measurement (.936) and Bartlett's sphericity test (p < .001) showed that all samples met the statistical criteria. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was .92 for total score and varied between .70 and .90 for each of the four factors, and internal consistency was confirmed. The following four factors emerged from an oblique factor analysis, with a cumulative variance of 58.1%: “arousing anxiety”; “controlling behavior”; “coercion and threat”; and “daily emotions”. These four factors had a moderate correlation (.23–.48, p < .01) with each other, which indicated construct validity. Confirmatory factor analysis showed the indices of fitness supported these results.ConclusionsThe DS‐IPV scale, a concise scale to detect and screen for potential intimate partner violence, was developed. The DS‐IPV scale showed good internal consistency and construct validity.
Prevalence and risk factors for hyperbilirubinemia among newborns from a low‐risk birth setting using delayed cord clamping in Japan
Authors: Shinohara Eriko , Kataoka Yaeko 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimNeonatal jaundice is a common problem among infants. Among the several risk factors are East Asian race and delayed cord clamping. Birth centers manage low‐risk term deliveries using physiological management, which may include delayed cord clamping. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of hyperbilirubinemia, a pathological process of jaundice, and its risk factors among neonates born at a Japanese birth center.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study. Data were collected from March 2006 to October 2014 from healthy mothers and neonates at a birth center in a metropolitan area of Japan. Demographic data and background factors of hyperbilirubinemia, including blood and transcutaneous values of jaundice, were collected and statistically analyzed.ResultsOf the 1,211 neonates analyzed, 4.7% exceeded the standard transcutaneous bilirubin value, and 1.8% needed phototherapy. Multiple logistic regression with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) was used to identify the risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia, which were found to be cephalohematoma (OR = 30.18, 95% CI 5.63–161.69), delay of meconium elimination (OR = 2.66, 95% CI 1.28–5.51), previous history of phototherapy of siblings (OR = 10.28, 95% CI 3.53–29.92), and primiparity (OR = 4.55, 95% CI 2.59–8.02).ConclusionsIn low‐risk Japanese neonates delivered at a birth center expected to practice delayed cord clamping, the rate of neonates requiring phototherapy was not high compared to previous studies, and the identified risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia were related to bilirubin metabolism.
Cuando lo común no es común: Sobre leyes, territorios y lo campesino en la Colombia contemporánea
Authors: Aparicio Juan Ricardo 
Published: August 2020

ResumenEn este artículo utilizo el registro etnográfico para exponer los efectos que ha traído el Acuerdo de paz firmado entre el gobierno colombiano y la guerrilla de las FARC 2016, en lo concerniente al capítulo de tierras y su formalización, sobre aquellos procesos organizativos de víctimas que han construido una territorialidad en las zonas grises de propiedades abandonadas, sin registro ni formalización. Sitúo esta problemática a partir de mis investigaciones en la Comunidad de Paz de San José de Apartadó, autoproclamada como una comunidad campesina no combatiente. Indago en el terreno de lo cotidiano para comprender las múltiples mediaciones y efectos no predecibles que ponen a prueba la dinámica de los procesos organizativos en el contexto del posacuerdo, ya que estos tensionan cualquier comprensión simplista de lo común, creando nuevos e inesperados conflictos y divisiones en tiempos de paz.
News and Uncertainty Shocks
Authors: CASCALDI‐GARCIA DANILO , GALVAO ANA BEATRIZ 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe provide novel evidence that technological news and uncertainty shocks, identified one at a time using vector autoregressive (VAR) models as in the literature, are correlated; that is, they are not truly structural . We then proceed by proposing an identification scheme to disentangle the effects of news and financial uncertainty shocks. We find that by removing financial uncertainty effects from news shocks, the positive responses of economic activity to news shocks are strengthened in the short term; and that the negative responses of activity to financial uncertainty shocks are deepened in the medium term as “good uncertainty” effects on technology are purged.
Insights into skull evolution in fossorial snakes, as revealed by the cranial morphology of Atractaspis irregularis (Serpentes: Colubroidea)
Authors: Strong Catherine R. C. , Palci Alessandro , Caldwell Michael W. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractComparative osteological analyses of extant organisms provide key insight into major evolutionary transitions and phylogenetic hypotheses. This is especially true for snakes, given their unique morphology relative to other squamates and the persistent controversy regarding their evolutionary origins. However, the osteology of several major snake groups remains undescribed, thus hindering efforts to accurately reconstruct the phylogeny of snakes. One such group is the Atractaspididae, a family of fossorial colubroids. We herein present the first detailed description of the atractaspidid skull, based on fully segmented micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) scans of Atractaspis irregularis. The skull of Atractaspis presents a highly unique morphology influenced by both fossoriality and paedomorphosis. This paedomorphosis is especially evident in the jaws, palate, and suspensorium, the major elements associated with macrostomy (large‐gaped feeding in snakes). Comparison to scolecophidians—a group of blind, fossorial, miniaturized snakes—in turn sheds light on current hypotheses of snake phylogeny. Features of both the naso‐frontal joint and the morphofunctional system related to macrostomy refute the traditional notion that scolecophidians are fundamentally different from alethinophidians (all other extant snakes). Instead, these features support the controversial hypothesis of scolecophidians as "regressed alethinophidians," in contrast to their traditional placement as the earliest‐diverging snake lineage. We propose that Atractaspis and scolecophidians fall along a morphological continuum, characterized by differing degrees of paedomorphosis. Altogether, a combination of heterochrony and miniaturization provides a mechanism for the derivation of the scolecophidian skull from an ancestral fossorial alethinophidian morphotype, exemplified by the nonminiaturized and less extreme paedomorph Atractaspis.
Evolution of arboreality and fossoriality in squirrels and aplodontid rodents: Insights from the semicircular canals of fossil rodents
Authors: Bhagat Raj , Bertrand Ornella C. , Silcox Mary T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractReconstructing locomotor behaviour for fossil animals is typically done with postcranial elements. However, for species only known from cranial material, locomotor behaviour is difficult to reconstruct. The semicircular canals (SCCs) in the inner ear provide insight into an animal's locomotor agility. A relationship exists between the size of the SCCs relative to body mass and the jerkiness of an animal's locomotion. Additionally, studies have also demonstrated a relationship between SCC orthogonality and angular head velocity. Here, we employ two metrics for reconstructing locomotor agility, radius of curvature dimensions and SCC orthogonality, in a sample of twelve fossil rodents from the families Ischyromyidae, Sciuridae and Aplodontidae. The method utilizing radius of curvature dimensions provided a reconstruction of fossil rodent locomotor behaviour that is more consistent with previous studies assessing fossil rodent locomotor behaviour compared to the method based on SCC orthogonality. Previous work on ischyromyids suggests that this group displayed a variety of locomotor modes. Members of Paramyinae and Ischyromyinae have relatively smaller SCCs and are reconstructed to be relatively slower compared to members of Reithroparamyinae. Early members of the Sciuroidea clade including the sciurid Cedromus wilsoni and the aplodontid Prosciurus relictus are reconstructed to be more agile than ischyromyids, in the range of extant arboreal squirrels. This reconstruction supports previous inferences that arboreality was likely an ancestral trait for this group. Derived members of Sciuridae and Aplodontidae vary in agility scores. The fossil squirrel Protosciurus cf. rachelae is inferred from postcranial material as arboreal, which is in agreement with its high agility, in the range of extant arboreal squirrels. In contrast, the fossil aplodontid Mesogaulus paniensis has a relatively low agility score, similar to the fossorial Aplodontia rufa, the only living aplodontid rodent. This result is in agreement with its postcranial reconstruction as fossorial and with previous indications that early aplodontids were more arboreal than their burrowing descendants.
Botulinum toxin complications in registered and off‐label aesthetic indications
Authors: Landau Marina , Nestor Mark S. , de Almeida Ada Trindade , Al‐Niaimi Firas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBotulinum toxin A (BTXA) is one of the most popular nonsurgical cosmetic procedures worldwide. Overall, this procedure is associated with favorable complications profile. Nevertheless, any medical intervention carries inherent risks. This synopsis systematically reviews adverse effects of aesthetic BTXA for both approved and off‐label indications. Based on published data, the approach for prevention and management is discussed.
Increased expression of FOXD1 is associated with cervical node metastasis and unfavorable prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Zhongwu , Yan Tingyuan , Wu Xiang , Zhang Wei , Li Jin , Wang Laijie , Yang Jianrong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies suggest that FOXD1 is involved in tumorigenesis and closely related to the patients’ poor outcome in human cancer. However, its expression pattern in primary oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains uncovered. In this study, we tried to explore the expression pattern of FOXD1 and its clinicopathological significance in primary OSCC.MethodsData mining and analysis on FOXD1 mRNA expression in OSCC samples were performed using publicly available databases. Its protein expression was supervised by immunohistochemistry in a retrospective cohort containing 58 primary OSCC samples. Furthermore, the potential associations between FOXD1 expression and various clinicopathological characteristics and patients’ survival were further investigated.ResultsBioinformatic analysis indicated that FOXD1 mRNA abundance was obviously up‐regulated in OSCC cohorts. Immunohistochemical staining results showed that FOXD1 protein was significantly up‐regulated in OSCC specimens as compared to normal counterparts and its aberrant up‐regulation was remarkably related to cervical lymph node metastasis (P = .0198) and decreased overall survival (P = .0281) and disease‐free survival (P = .0312). Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis further revealed the expression pattern of FOXD1 as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival of patients.ConclusionTaken together, these findings indicate that the aberrant up‐regulation of FOXD1 is related to cervical node metastasis and unfavorable prognosis in OSCC and it also may play a key role during OSCC tumorigenesis and regard as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for OSCC.
Hidden framings and hidden asymmetries in the measurement of personality––A combined lens‐model and frame‐of‐reference perspective
Authors: Schulze Julian , West Stephen G. , Freudenstein Jan‐Philipp , Schäpers Philipp , Mussel Patrick , Eid Michael , Krumm Stefan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe symmetry principle and the frame‐of‐reference perspective have each made contributions to improving the measurement of personality. Although each perspective is valuable in its own right, we argue that even greater improvement can be achieved through the combination of both. Therefore, the goal of the current article was to show the value of a combined lens‐model and frame‐of‐reference perspective.MethodWe conducted a literature review to summarize relevant research findings that shed light on the interplay of both perspectives and developed an integrative model.ResultsBased on the literature review and on theoretical grounds, we argue that a basic premise of the frame‐of‐reference literature––that personality items are open to interpretation and allow individuals to impose their own contextual framings––should be considered from a symmetry perspective. Unintended context‐specificity in items may “spread” to personality facets and domains, and thus, impact the symmetry of personality measures with other criteria. As the individuals´ frames‐of‐reference and (a)symmetric relationships are not always apparent, we term them as “hidden.”ConclusionsThe proposed combination of lens‐model and frame‐of‐reference perspectives provides further insights into current issues in personality research and uncovers important avenues for future research.
The sensory properties and consumer acceptance of cold brew coffee
Authors: McCain‐Keefer Heather R. , Meals Stephanie , Drake MaryAnne 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCold brew coffee is an increasingly popular beverage category with potentially distinct sensory attributes from traditional hot brewed coffees. A category survey of cold brew coffees was conducted with 44 commercial cold brew coffees. Ready‐to‐drink (RTD), cold brew at‐home (BAH), concentrates (CONC), and nitrogen infused cold brew coffees (NBC) were included. Descriptive analysis was performed by a highly trained panel. Selected representative coffees (n = 8) were then evaluated by temporal check all that apply (TCATA) with a trained panel to provide additional temporal differentiation and by consumers (n = 125) to determine consumer liking. Key differentiating attributes of cold brew coffees were mouthfeel attributes (viscosity, silkiness, astringency), basic tastes (sour, sour, bitter), and aromatics (overall aroma, smoky, ashy, nutty, beany, caramel/molasses, brothy) (p < .05). Beverages were also distinguished temporally based on category (RTD vs. BAH vs. NBC) (p < .05). Drivers of liking for all consumers were cocoa, spicy/resin, and caramel/molasses flavors and sweet taste. Drivers of dislike for all consumers were silky mouthfeel, beany, fruity, and woody/twig flavors and sour taste. The multimodal sensory perceptions generated by cold brew coffees and consumer perception of the cold brew coffees enhances understanding of this expanding beverage category.Practical applicationsThere are many ways to brew cold brew coffee and many sensory attributes present. The results of this study provide insight into different flavors imparted by different cold brew methods and insights for consumer preferences of different cold brew flavors.