bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvements in Diabetic Neuropathy and Nephropathy After Bariatric Surgery: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Adam Safwaan , Azmi Shazli , Ho Jan H. , Liu Yifen , Ferdousi Maryam , Siahmansur Tarza , Kalteniece Alise , Marshall Andrew , Dhage Shaishav S. , Iqbal Zohaib , D’Souza Yvonne , Natha Salim , Kalra Philip A. , Donn Rachelle , Ammori Basil J. , Syed Akheel A. , Durrington Paul N. , Malik Rayaz A. , Soran Handrean 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
There are limited data on the impact of bariatric surgery on microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D), particularly diabetic neuropathy. We assessed microvascular complications (especially neuropathy) in obese patients with T2D before and 12 months after bariatric surgery.

Materials and Methods
This was a prospective observational cohort study. Measurements of neuropathy symptom profile (NSP), neuropathy disability score (NDS), vibration (VPT), cold (CPT) and warm (WPT) perception thresholds, nerve conduction studies (NCS) and corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) to quantify corneal nerve fibre density (CNFD), branch density (CNBD) and fibre length (CNFL); urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (uACR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcyst-creat) and retinal grading were taken.

Results
Twenty-six (62% female; median age 52 years) obese patients with T2D were recruited. Body mass index (BMI) (47.2 to 34.5 kg/m2; p < 0.001) decreased post-operatively. There were improvements in CNFD (27.1 to 29.2/mm2; p = 0.005), CNBD (63.4 to 77.8/mm2; p = 0.008), CNFL (20.0 to 20.2/mm2; p = 0.001), NSP (3 to 0/38; p < 0.001) and eGFRcyst-creat (128 to 120 ml/min; p = 0.015) post-bariatric surgery. Changes in (Δ) triglycerides were independently associated with ΔCNFL (β = − 0.53; p = 0.024) and Δsystolic blood pressure (β = 0.62;p = 0.017), and %excess BMI loss (β = − 0.004; p = 0.018) were associated with ΔeGFRcyst-creat. There was no significant change in NDS, VPT, CPT, WPT, NCS, uACR or retinopathy status. Glomerular hyperfiltration resolved in 42% of the 12 patients with this condition pre-operatively.

Conclusion
Bariatric surgery results in improvements in small nerve fibres and glomerular hyperfiltration in obese people with T2D, which were associated with weight loss, triglycerides and systolic blood pressure, but with no change in retinopathy or uACR at 12 months.
Assessing coastal carbon variability in two Delaware tidal marshes
Authors: St. Laurent Kari A. , Hribar Daniel J. , Carlson Annette J. , Crawford Calyn M. , Siok Drexel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoastal wetlands provide numerous ecosystem services, including the ability to sequester and store carbon. Recent initiatives, such as the U.S. Climate Alliance’s National Working Lands Challenge, have sought to better understand and quantify this ‘blue carbon’ storage as a land management approach to maintain, or potentially offset, atmospheric carbon emissions. To build on this effort locally, loss on ignition and elemental analyses were used to assess sediment organic matter, dry bulk density, and carbon density variability within the root zone of a mesohaline and oligohaline tidal marsh in Delaware. Additionally, we assessed sediment carbon variability at depth greater than one meter and quantified the black carbon fraction in the mesohaline tidal marsh. Organic matter concentrations ranged between 11.85 ± 1.19% and 23.12 ± 6.15% and sediment carbon density ranged from 0.03 ± 0.01 g cm−3to 0.06 ± 0.02 g cm−3with both found to significantly differ between the mesohaline and oligohaline tidal marsh systems. Significant differences between dominant vegetation types were also found. We used these data to further estimate and valuate the carbon stock at the mesohaline tidal marsh to be 350 ± 310 metric tons of soil carbon accumulation per year with a social carbon value of $40,000 ± $35,000. This work improves our knowledge of Delaware-specific carbon stocks, and it may further facilitate broad estimates of carbon storage in under-sampled areas, and thereby enable better quantification of economic and natural benefits of tidal wetland systems by land managers.
Do cultural norms influence how teacher noticing is studied in different cultural contexts? A focus on expert norms of responding to students’ mathematical thinking
Authors: Dreher Anika , Lindmeier Anke , Feltes Paul , Wang Ting-Ying , Hsieh Feng-Jui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAs an important component of teaching expertise, teacher noticing is gaining growing attention in our intercultural mathematics education community. However, it is likely that in many cases the researchers’ perspectives on what characterizes high instructional quality in mathematics classrooms shape what they expect teachers to notice. In particular, it is an open question how potentially different norms of instructional quality influence how teacher noticing is operationalized in East Asian and Western cultures. Consequently, in a first step, this bicultural research project on teacher noticing in Taiwan and Germany focuses on exploring the researchers’ frames of reference for investigating teacher noticing. In this paper, we thus propose a concurrent process for developing vignettes and eliciting corresponding expert norms as a prerequisite to investigating teacher noticing in a way that is sensitive to different cultural contexts. In this process, the research teams in both countries developed in parallel, text vignettes in which, from their perspective, a breach of a norm regarding a specific aspect of instructional quality was integrated. In an online expert survey, these vignettes were then presented to German and Taiwanese researchers in mathematics education (19 from each country) to investigate whether these experts recognize the integrated breach of a norm. This approach allows researchers to identify potentially different norms of instructional quality in mathematics classrooms. In particular, by means of a specific representation of practice, it became visible how expert norms of responding to students’ mathematical thinking can be different from a Taiwanese compared to a German perspective.
Current Challenge: Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Superficial Non-ampullary Duodenal Epithelial Tumors
Authors: Akahoshi Kazuya , Kubokawa Masaru , Inamura Kazuki , Akahoshi Kazuaki , Shiratsuchi Yuki , Tamura Shinichi 
Published: October 2020

Opinion statementWith the widespread use of esophagogastroduodenoscopy in recent years, the detection rate of superficial non-ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors (SNADETs) is increasing. Most SNADETs are early-stage adenocarcinoma or benign conditions, including adenoma. Therefore, endoscopic resection is desirable from the perspective of quality of life. However, endoscopic resection for SNADETs has not yet been established. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the most promising method for the treatment of SNADETs, because ESD provides a high rate of en bloc resection and a low rate of recurrence regardless of the tumor size. However, the difficulty of the procedure and a high rate of severe adverse events including perforation and bleeding have become major problems. Various preventive countermeasures for adverse events, such as use of specific devices, endoscope stabilization methods, and endoscopic closure of the post-ESD ulcer using clips, are reported to reduce the risk of the adverse events of ESD for SNADETs. This article reviews and highlights the current state of ESD for SNADETs and new challenges towards safe and effective ESD.
Glandular Odontogenic Cyst with Metaplastic Cartilage: Report of an Unusual Case and Literature Review
Authors: Crane Hannah , Karbhari Bhavesh , Hughes David , Orr Robert , Brierley Daniel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGlandular odontogenic cysts are rare odontogenic cysts with a wide range of histopathological features. In this paper we describe the clinical and pathological features of an unusual case of a glandular odontogenic cyst with metaplastic cartilage. The previous literature of odontogenic cysts presenting with metaplastic cartilage is reviewed alongside a discussion of the differential diagnoses. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of a glandular odontogenic cyst with metaplastic cartilage.
Combination of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and AuNP-Oligoprobe Colourimetric Assay for Pork Authentication in Processed Meat Products
Authors: Thangsunan Pattanapong , Temisak Sasithon , Morris Phattaraporn , Rios-Solis Leonardo , Suree Nuttee 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPork adulteration is a major concern for Muslims and Jews whose diets are restricted by religious beliefs, as well as those who are allergic to pork meat and its derivatives. Accurate pork authentication is of great importance to assist this demographic group of people in making decision on their product purchase. The aim of this study was to develop a new analytical method for pork authentication in processed meat products based on a combination of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and AuNP-nanoprobe colourimetric assay. The LAMP conditions were first optimised to obtain the highest yield of amplified DNA products within the shortest time. Oligoprobe-functionalised AuNPs were then hybridised with LAMP-DNA amplicons and subsequently challenged with MgSO4at a high concentration to induce AuNP aggregation. In the presence of pork DNA, the colloidal AuNP-probe remained unchanged in its red colour, which indicates the dispersion of AuNPs. In contrast, in the absence of pork DNA, the colour was changed to colourless as a result from the aggregation of AuNPs. The LAMP-AuNP-nanoprobe assay offers a high sensitivity with a limit of detection as low as 100 pg of pork DNA. The assay is highly specific to pork content without cross-reactivity with the other meat species tested. The assay developed herein can become a simple, inexpensive, precise, and rapid analytical tool for small laboratories or the general public interested in halal food authentication.
Evolution of Poecilimon jonicus group (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae): a history linked to the Aegean Neogene paleogeography
Authors: Borissov Simeon B. , Bobeva Aneliya , Çıplak Battal , Chobanov Dragan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Aegean archipelago is among the largest on Earth with astonishing biodiversity within Europe. Its territory underwent a massive geotectonic transformation in Neogene that resulted in multitude of changes in land-sea configuration and disintegrated the formerly united Aegean land to a complicated mainland-archipelago system. Therefore, it represents an excellent laboratory for studying evolution of terrestrial fauna. In the present study, we use a model group of flightless bush crickets with annual reproduction cycle—Poecilimon jonicus species group—to trace correlation of lineage diversification with the known paleogeographic events in the Aegean area. The group belongs to the hyperdiverse genus Poecilimon and has a disjunct distribution along the Hellenic arc from southwestern Anatolia through Crete to the western Balkans and the Apennines. To test our hypothesis, we inferred phylogenetic relationships of the P. jonicus group sensu lato using a nuclear fragment covering two spacers of the ribosomal cistron (ITS1 + ITS2). To study intra-group phylogeny, we compared mitochondrial phylogenies based on two matrices—(1) a concatenated ND2 and COI dataset of 1656 bp and (2) a 16S rRNA + 12S rRNA dataset of 1835 bp. As a second step, we estimated divergence times applying Bayesian approach with BEAST and a relative rate framework with RelTime on the mitochondrial matrices. We compare trees calibrated based on evolutionary rates and tectonic events and discuss radiation scenarios in concordance with known paleogeographic events in the Aegean area. Our results revealed robust phylogeny of the Poecilimon jonicus group and confirmed a strong link between its evolution and the Aegean paleogeography. The phylogenetic relationships of the group supported reconsideration of its systematics.
Critical ranking of steam handling unit using integrated cloud model and extended PROMETHEE for maintenance purpose
Authors: Panwar Nitin , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTo determine the critical component in an industry is one of the most important tasks performed by maintenance personnel to choose the best maintenance policy. Therefore, the purpose of the current paper is to develop a methodology based on integrated cloud model and extended preference ranking organization method for enrichment evaluation (PROMETHEE) method for finding the most critical component of the framework by ranking the failure causes of the system from multiple decision maker perspective. For this purpose, ranking of failure causes is performed by taking into account five factors namely chances of occurrence of failure (F0), non-detection probability (Nd), downtime duration (Dd), spare part criticality (Spc) and safety risk (Sr). In this paper, first the primary and secondary weight of decision makers are calculated based on the uncertainty degree and divergence degree, respectively, to determine overall weight using cloud model theory by converting the uncertain linguistic evaluation matrix into interval cloud matrix, and then ranking of the steam handling subunit of paper making unit in a paper mill using extended PROMETHEE. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is explained by considering steam handling subunit of paper making unit to find the critical component.
Outliers in official statistics
Authors: Wada Kazumi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this manuscript is to provide a survey on the important methods addressing outliers while producing official statistics. Outliers are often unavoidable in survey statistics. They may reduce the information of survey datasets and distort estimation on each step of the survey statistics production process. This paper defines outliers to be focused on each production step and introduces practical methods to cope with them. The statistical production process is roughly divided into the following three steps. The first step is data cleaning, and outliers to be focused are that may contain mistakes to be corrected. Robust estimators of a mean vector and covariance matrix are introduced for the purpose. The next step is imputation. Among a variety of imputation methods, regression and ratio imputation are the subjects in this paper. Outliers to be focused on in this step are not erroneous but have extreme values that may distort parameter estimation. Robust estimators that are not affected by remaining outliers are introduced. The final step is estimation and formatting. We have to be careful about outliers that have extreme values with large design weights since they have a considerable influence on the final statistics products. Weight calibration methods controlling the influence are discussed based on the robust weights obtained in the previous imputation step. A few examples of practical application are also provided briefly, although multivariate outlier detection methods introduced in this paper are mostly in the research stage in the field of official statistics.
Numerical evaluation of lightweight ultra high strength steel sandwich for energy absorption
Authors: Hammarberg Samuel , Larsson Simon , Kajberg Jörgen , Jonsén Pär 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLegislation regarding greenhouse gas emissions forces automotive manufacturers to bring forth new and innovative materials and structures for weight reduction of the body-in-white. The present work evaluates a lightweight ultra high strength steel sandwich concept, with perforated cores, for energy absorption applications. Hat-profile geometries, subjected to crushing, are studied numerically to evaluate specific energy absorption for the sandwich concept and solid hat-profiles of equivalent weight. Precise discretization of the perforated core requires large computational power. In the present work, this is addressed by homogenization, replacing the perforated core with a homogeneous material with equivalent mechanical properties. Input data for the equivalent material is obtained by analyzing a representative volume element, subjected to in-plane loading and out-of-plane bending/twisting using periodic boundary conditions. The homogenized sandwich reduces the number of finite elements and thereby computational time with approximately 95%, while maintaining accuracy with respect to force–displacement response and energy absorption. It is found that specific energy absorption is increased with 8–17%, when comparing solid and sandwich hat profiles of equivalent weight, and that a weight saving of at least 6% is possible for equivalent performance.
Fragmented Care in the Treatment of Rectal Cancer and Time to Definitive Therapy
Authors: Abelson Jonathan S. , Bauer Philip S. , Barron John , Bommireddy Ani , Chapman William C. , Schad Christine , Ohman Kerri , Hunt Steven , Mutch Matthew , Silviera Matthew 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND:
The National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer (NAPRC) emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach for treating rectal cancer and has developed performance measures to ensure that patients receive standardized care. We hypothesized that rectal cancer patients receiving care at multiple centers would be less likely to receive timely and appropriate care.

STUDY DESIGN:
A single institution retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed. All patients undergoing proctectomy and ≤1 other treatment modality (eg radiation and/or chemotherapy) for Stage II/III rectal adenocarcinoma were included. Unified care was defined as receiving all modalities of care at our institution, and fragmented care was defined as having at least 1 treatment modality at another institution.

RESULTS:
From 2009 to 2019, 415 patients met inclusion criteria, with 197 (47.5%) receiving fragmented care and 218 (52.5%) receiving unified care. The unified cohort patients were more likely to see a colorectal surgeon before starting treatment (89.0% vs 78.7%, p < 0.01) and start definitive treatment within 60 days of diagnosis (89.0% vs 79.7%, p = 0.01). On adjusted analysis, unified care patients were 2.78 times more likely to see a surgeon before starting treatment (95% CI 1.47–5.24) and 2.63 times more likely to start treatment within 60 days (95% CI 1.35–5.13). There was no difference in 90-day mortality or 5-year disease-free survival.

CONCLUSIONS:
This retrospective cohort study suggests patients with rectal cancer receiving fragmented care are at an increased risk of delays in care without any impact on disease-free survival. These findings need to be considered within the context of ongoing regionalization of rectal cancer care to ensure all patients receive optimal care, irrespective of whether care is delivered across multiple institutions.
A Yb:KGW dual-crystal regenerative amplifier
Authors: He Huijun , Yu Jun , Zhu Wentao , Guo Xiaoyang , Zhou Cangtao , Ruan Shuangchen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study develops a Yb:KGW dual-crystal based regenerative amplifier. The thermal lensing and gain-narrowing effects are compensated by the dual-crystal configuration. Sub-nanojoule pulses are amplified to 1.5 mJ with 9 nm spectral bandwidth and 1 kHz repetition rate using chirped pulse amplification technology. Consequently, 1.2 mJ pulses with a pulse duration of 227 fs are obtained after compression. Thanks to the cavity design, the output laser was a near diffraction limited beam with M2 around 1.1. The amplifier has the potential to boost energy above 2 mJ after compression and act as a front end for a future kilohertz terawatt-class diode-pumped Yb:KGW laser system.
“There is no one to pick up the pieces”: Sustainability of antibiotic stewardship programs in nursing homes
Authors: Seshadri Sandhya , Felsen Christina B. , Sellers Craig R. , Dumyati Ghinwa K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective:To describe nursing home staff experiences and perceptions of the factors that impact the sustainability of an antibiotic stewardship program (ASP).Methods:Using a qualitative descriptive design, semistructured interviews with staff at 9 not-for-profit nursing homes with an established ASP were conducted and audio recorded. De-identified transcriptions of the interviews were coded using a sustainability framework and were analyzed to identify themes.Results:Interviews were conducted with 48 clinical and administrative staff to elicit their perceptions of the ASPs, and 7 themes were identified. ASPs were perceived to be resource intensive and “data driven,” requiring access to and interpretation of data that are not readily available at many nursing homes. Though motivated and committed, ASP champions felt that they could not single-handedly sustain the program. Attending to daily clinical needs (ie, “fires”) made it hard to progress beyond implementation and to reach step 2 of sustainability. Longstanding treatment habits by external prescribers and regulations were believed to impede ASP efforts. Partnerships with an external consultant with antibiotic stewardship expertise were considered important, as was the need for internal leadership support and collaboration across disciplinary boundaries. Participants felt that consistent and ongoing education on antibiotic stewardship at all staff levels was important.Conclusions:Although many interconnected factors impact the sustainability of an ASP, nursing homes may be able to sustain an ASP by focusing on 3 critical areas: (1) explicit support by nursing home leadership, (2) external partnerships with professionals with antibiotic stewardship expertise and internal interprofessional collaborations, and (3) consistent education and training for all staff.
PSEUDO-FINITE SETS, PSEUDO-O-MINIMALITY
Authors: MEIR NADAV 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe give an example of two ordered structures
$\mathcal {M},\mathcal {N}$
in the same language
$\mathcal {L}$
with the same universe, the same order and admitting the same one-variable definable subsets such that
$\mathcal {M}$
is a model of the common theory of o-minimal
$\mathcal {L}$
-structures and
$\mathcal {N}$
admits a definable, closed, bounded, and discrete subset and a definable injective self-mapping of that subset which is not surjective. This answers negatively two question by Schoutens; the first being whether there is an axiomatization of the common theory of o-minimal structures in a given language by conditions on one-variable definable sets alone. The second being whether definable completeness and type completeness imply the pigeonhole principle. It also partially answers a question by Fornasiero asking whether definable completeness of an expansion of a real closed field implies the pigeonhole principle.