bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphologic Features of Crystalline Lens in Age-related Cataract Patients with Different Lens Sclerosis and Axial Length
Authors: Qin Rui , Ding Jing , Liu Yiyun , Lan Qianqian , Sun Tong , Bian Linbo , Liu Dehai , Wang Xiaoyu , Chen Jiawei , Sun Zhengze , Qi Hong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
To evaluate the morphological features of the crystalline lens in age-related cataract patients and to report the relationship of the lens nucleus sclerosis and axial length with lens morphology.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study were reviewed of age-related cataract patients scheduled for unilateral or bilateral cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation between July 2022 and June 2023 at Peking University Third Hospital. Preoperative examinations were conducted using a slit lamp, IOL Master 700 (Carl Zeiss, Germany), and CAISA2 (Tomey, Japan). Patients were categorized into different subgroups based on the degree of lens nucleus sclerosis (Emery-Little classification) and the axial length (AL), and statistical analysis was performed.
Results
285 left eyes were included in the study. The mean age of the included patients was 69.69 ± 9.34 years, and the mean axial length was 23.89 ± 1.79 mm. Nuclear lens sclerosis was observed to have a negative correlation with the CRLPS (r = -0.171, P < 0.01) and crystalline lens diameter (r = -0.143, P < 0.05). Conversely, nuclear lens sclerosis was observed to have a positive correlation with crystalline lens decentration (r = 0.117, P < 0.05). Statistically significant differences were found in the correlation of AL with CRLAS (r = 0.186, P < 0.05), CRLPS (r = 0.154, P < 0.05), crystalline lens diameter (r = 0.128, P < 0.05), crystalline lens decentration magnitude (r = 0.089, P < 0.05), and crystalline lens tilt magnitude (r = -0.256, P < 0.01), respectively. There were also differences among different subgroups. The crystalline lens with Emery-Little classification IV were performed with a smaller posterior surface curvature radius, a smaller crystalline lens diameter and greater decentration than those with Emery-Little classification I-III. The crystalline lens in short AL eyes were performed with a smaller anterior and posterior surfaces curvature radius, a smaller crystalline lens diameter than these in normal and long AL eyes. The crystalline lens in long AL eyes were performed with greater lens tilt and decentration.
Conclusion
Crystalline lens with Emery-Little classification IV were mainly performed with abnormality in lens morphology and lens decentration. Lens with short AL were performed with abnormality in lens morphology, while that with long AL were performed with abnormality in lens decentration and tilt.
Comparison of Continuous Serratus Anterior Plane Block (cSAPB) with Bupivacaine Versus Single Liposomal Bupivacaine Block in Postoperative Analgesia after Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) ： A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhang Mingyue , Zheng Zhuo , Xie Xianfeng , Dai Yuee , Zhao Maosen , Gao Ke , Liu Shaoxing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) is a commonly used minimally invasive technique in thoracic surgery. The continuous serratus anterior plane block (cSAPB) involves the placement of a catheter deep in the serratus anterior fascia for the slow and continuous infusion of local anesthetics. Liposomal bupivacaine is a formulation of bupivacaine encapsulated in liposomes, which prolongs the release of the drug. This study compares the impact of cSAPB with bupivacaine and single-shot SAPB with liposomal bupivacaine on postoperative recovery quality and pain control after VATS.
Methods
Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: one receiving cSAPB with conventional bupivacaine (cSAPB + CB) and the other receiving SAPB with liposomal bupivacaine (SAPB + LB). The primary outcome measure was the Quality of Recovery (QoR-15) scores at 24 and 48 hours post-surgery. Secondary outcomes included: pain intensity assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scale at rest and during deep breathing at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively, postoperative pulmonary function, total opioid consumption during and after surgery, and adverse events.
Results
QoR-15 scores were significantly elevated in the SAPB + LB group at both 24 and 48 hours post-surgery(24h: p = 0.001; 48h: p = 0.02). Comparative analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the SAPB + CB group and the SAPB + LB group in terms of VAS scores for pain at rest at 24 and 48 hours (24h: p = 0.06; 48h: p = 0.46), or during deep breathing (24h: p = 0.45; 48h: p = 0.73). Additionally, there were no significant differences in lung function tests (FEV1/FVC ratio, p = 0.95), total intraoperative opioid consumption (p = 0.76), or total postoperative opioid consumption (p = 0.69). However, the incidence of local complications such as swelling and pain was significantly reduced in the SAPB + LB group (p = 0.03).
Conclusions
The use of single liposomal bupivacaine serratus anterior plane block provides superior early postoperative recovery quality and reduces the incidence of local complications.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, identifier ChiCTR2100054089, June 28,2024.
Seismic Performance of Irregular building frames through Plan Irregularities
Authors: Wahane Anurag , Ghosh Pradeep Kumar , Mishra Sri Ram Krishna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The rapid increase in aesthetic and limitation of availability of land led to trends of irregular building configurations. The irregularities in building led to reduction in seismic performance and making seismic design more challenging. Two such type of plan irregularities are the re-entrant corners and torsion in the irregular geometric buildings. These irregular buildings experiences high stress concentration at corners due to changes in torsion & stiffness in building which is vulnerable and shall need to analyze the seismic demand to lower the risk of damage. In this background, the present work is to analyze the effect of re-entrant corner building frames having different geometry shapes along with moment resisting systems when subjected to various incidence of angle of input time histories. To address this re-entrant corner irregular shape frames such as L-shape frames, T-Shape frames, H-Shape frames, and U-shape frames were modeled and analyzed along with one regular rectangular shape frame. The irregular geometric shape frames used in the present study comprises of three different re-entrant corner irregularity percentages i.e. 25%, 37.5%, and 56.25%. The Time history dynamic analysis is performed for the work. The input angle of incidence varies from 0° to 135°. The responses such as absolute displacement, maximum displacement, the impact of lateral torsional coupling, inter-story drift ratio, torsional irregularity ratio, base shear force, comprehensive damage index and diaphragm rotation demand is measured based on the angle of incidence. The result shows that high irregularity percentage in models are more vulnerable in seismic response. demands. It is evident that the L-shape frame is more sensitive to the various angle-incidence as compared to other shape models. The significant decrease in comprehensive damage index were seen in irregular shape models when subjected to 135-degree angle, versus a zero-degree angle of incidence. The codal approach yields a fundamental time period that is considerably lower than the one determined by the finite element method. This concludes that the provisions given in code is inadequate and further irregularities, and other major factors shall be present within the code approach and should be amended. The comprehensive damage index increases with increase in plan irregularity. Hence, the feasible solution is to reduce the irregularity effect in structure to improves performance and safety.
Harnessing mIR-145 deficiency to modulate inflammation and prevent degeneration in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Almeida Monique Marylin Alves , Kornfeld Samantha F. , De Repentigny Yves , Al-Aarg Majd , Ghani Ibrahim , Cummings Sarah E. , Sutton Emma R. , Yaworski Rebecca , McKay Kelsea S. , Gagnon Sabrina , Beauvais Ariane , Kothary Rashmi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) marked by myelin loss, which impairs nerve function. Current therapies fail to halt disease progression or prevent myelin and axonal degeneration. In this study, we explored the impact of miR-145 knockout in a murine model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which mimics MS pathology. Loss of miR-145 reduced clinical severity and significantly decreased immune cell infiltration in the lumbar spinal cord during both the onset and chronic stages of the disease. Additionally, miR-145 loss altered the expression of key inflammatory genes and modulated astrocytic activity throughout EAE. Of significant interest, acute treatment with an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting miR-145 decreased miR-145 levels and led to reduced disease severity, decreased immune cell infiltration, and an increase in regulatory T cells in EAE mice. Moreover, miR-145 deficiency mitigated axon and myelin degeneration. Our findings suggest that ASOs targeting miR-145 may offer a promising therapeutic strategy, addressing both inflammatory and degenerative components of MS.
Contemporary genetic adaptation in zoos and conservation breeding programs
Authors: Sauve Drew , Chabot Amy , Réale Denis 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Conservation breeding programs can be vital for combating biodiversity loss, but optimization of these programs is crucial for success. Genetic adaptation to captivity is suspected to hinder reintroductions yet remains largely untested. Using an extensive dataset of breeding programs, we assessed adaptive genetic change in 31 vertebrate populations, marking the broadest estimation of additive genetic variance of fitness to date. Our findings indicate widespread, adaptive genetic change in ex situ populations, with estimates comparable to wild populations. While this adaptation may enhance fitness in captivity, concerns arise regarding how genetic divergence could impact reintroduction success. Our results confirm the importance of anthropogenic effects on microevolution and highlight the need for a better understanding of genetic adaptation in captivity to ensure breeding populations can fulfill their potential.
An empirical study to determine the optimum refactoring sequence of critically affected classes using Software Quality Attributes
Authors: Tarwani Sandhya , Chug Anuradha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Software developer always emphasize on quality of the software. Quality software tends to be more robust and easy to maintain, thereby reducing the software development and maintenance phase's cost. Refactoring is one of the methods to advance the quality of the software without affecting its external behavior. The current study helps to validate the effect of refactoring on the software's internal and external attributes using four open-source datasets. Internal quality attributes such as coupling, cohesion, inheritance etc are measured with the help of design metrics. In contrast, experts' opinions are used to determine the external quality attributes such as understandability, reusability, modifiability, etc. Initially, prioritization techniques are used to identify the highly critical classes. Furthermore, a new approach is proposed, namely, Quality Attribute Score (QAS), to determine the most optimum refactoring sequence concerning a class’s internal and external quality attributes. The effect on the internal attributes forms a solid base for the experts to observe the changes in the external attributes. Thereafter, all the positive changes in the external attributes are used in determining the most optimum sequence in each datasets. It will ensure the removal of bad smells while simultaneously improving the quality of the class with respect to its external attributes. The results substantiate that refactoring technique sequences are indeed helpful in improvising the quality of the software if they are applied in a specific sequence. Authors have demonstrated the effectiveness of their approach using illustration of the experimental datasets and one of the datasets showed an improvement of 54% in the software quality after the application of refactoring sequence. The sequence obtained would aid the maintenance team, minimize their efforts while simultaneously enhancing the software's quality. The results of the study, would help researchers in determining which technique should be applied used, to achieve best possible class's quality.
Signatures of Explosive Submarine Volcanism at the Northern Reykjanes Ridge
Authors: Preine Jonas , Hübscher Christian , Pałgan Dominik , Zwan Froukje van der , Dittmers Carina , Friedrich Annalena , Beethe Sarah , Ehlies Vanessa , Ford Jonathan , Haimerl Benedikt , Ischebeck Lisa , Lackner Max , Schmidt Maryse , Eisermann Jan Oliver , Budke Linus , Óðinsson David Þór , Augustin Nico 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Submarine explosive volcanism presents significant hazards to coastal communities and infrastructure, yet its formation mechanisms and occurrences remain poorly understood. We document widespread explosive volcanism on the Northern Reykjanes Ridge using high-resolution seismic, bathymetric, and seafloor imagery. The data reveal low width-height ratio volcanoes with stratified, outward-dipping reflections and extensive volcaniclastic aprons overlying a glacial erosion unconformity, indicating Holocene formation ages. Post-eruption, storm-wave base erosion submerged these volcanoes below present-day sea level. By comparing these features to submarine volcanoes from the Azores and Aegean, we establish seismic and morphological recognition features for three formation modes: (i) deep-water explosive eruptions, (ii) shallow-water explosive eruptions, and (iii) Surtseyan eruptions. Our study suggests that future eruptions along the Reykjanes Ridge could pose greater hazards than anticipated. We show that high-resolution seismic imaging is a versatile tool for submarine volcanology that can be used to overcome the blind spot of global eruption records towards submarine explosive volcanism.
The RNA N⁶-Methyladenosine Methylome Coordinates Long Non-Coding RNAs to Mediate Cancer Drug Resistance by Activating PI3K Signaling
Authors: Liu Shujun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and RNA N⁶-methyladenosine (m6A) have been linked to leukemia drug resistance. However, whether and how lncRNAs and m6A coordinately regulate resistance remain elusive. Here, we show that many differentially expressed lncRNAs enrich m6A, and more lncRNAs tend to have higher m6A content in CML cells resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). We demonstrate broad clinical relevance of our findings, showing that upregulation of top-ranked lncRNAs (e.g., SENCR, PROX1-AS1, LN892) in TKI resistant cell lines occurs in CML patients at the diagnostic stage, blast crisis phase or not-responding to TKIs compared to chronic phase or TKI responders, respectively. Higher lncRNAs predict drug resistance and shorter survival duration. Knockdown of SENCR, PROX1-AS1 or LN892 restores TKI sensitivity. Mechanistically, upregulation of PROX1-AS1, SENCR and LN892 results from FTO-dependent m6A hypomethylation that stabilizes lncRNA transcripts, and empowers resistant cell growth through overexpression of PI3K signaling mediators (e.g., ITGA2, F2R, COL6A1). Treatment with PI3K inhibitor alpelisib eradicates resistant cells in vitro and in vivo with prolonged survival of leukemic mice through downregulation of F2R, ITGA2 and COL6A1. Thus, the lncRNA-m6A-PI3K cascade represents a new non-genetic predictor for drug resistance and poorer prognosis in cancer, and a pan-cancer mechanism underlying TKI resistance.
Mary’s Route – The Settlement and Regional Development Aspects of Pilgrimage Tourism
Authors: Hosszú Emese , Ritter Krisztián 
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we examine the situation of pilgrimages, their impact on the related rural area, their economic and tourism role and their future. [1] The pilgrimage has a centuries-old tradition in the Csík region in Romania and the surrounding villages. It is part of the local culture and has been gaining ground in recent decades, with an ever-widening circle of interested people. The Pentecost Feast of Csíksomlyó and the pilgrimages have a great impact on the cultural and religious life of the county, but it is also a question of the pull it has on the economic and tourist life of the region...
[1] This article is an abbreviated version of Emese Hosszú &#39;s previous MSc thesis (see Hosszú, 2023, supervisor: Dr. habil Krisztián Ritter).
Ecology of the coastal tundra of Varandei. State of natural environment components on the basis of normative indicators
Authors: Martynov S. V. 
Published: December 2024

In a previous issue of this journal (Vol. 2, No. 3, 2024), the author characterized the natural conditions of the Varandey coastal tundra area. The present article continues this research, focusing on the ecological state of the components of the natural environment. The data for analysis were obtained through field surveys of the area, analytical studies of the collected specimens, standardized indicators of their quality, as well as from open sources.
TEAMWORK UPT PPSAA NGANJUK ASRAMA KERTOSONO DALAM MENINGKATKAN PELAYANAN KESEJAHTERAAN ANAK
Authors: Yulia Puspita Dewi  , Maulana Irfan  , Soni Akhmad Nulhaqim  
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Salah satu persoalan yang sering muncul saat ini adalah penelantaran dan juga kekerasan terhadap anak. Persoalan penelantaran kepada anak-anak disebabkan karena ketidakmampuan orang tua dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dasar anak tersebut, sehingga sebagian anak rentan mengalami kekerasan. Sehingga, untuk mengurangi penelantaran dan juga kekerasan pada anak maka perlu adanya peran Panti Asuhan dalam melindungi dan membimbing anak-anak yatim, yatim piatu, kaum dhuafa dan juga anak terlantar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengeksplorasi teamwork pegawai UPT PPSAA Nganjuk Asrama Kertosono dalam meningkatkan pelayanan kesejahteraan anak melalui teori Skidmore yang meliputi komunikasi, kompromi, kooperatif, koordinasi dan konsumasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi ketika studi riset dan praktikum di UPT PPSAA Nganjuk Asrama Kertosono pada tahun 2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa teamwork di UPT PPSAA Nganjuk Asrama Kertosono telah berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini dilihat dari adanya proses kerjasama tim dalam meningkatkan pelayanan kesejahteraan anak telah melibatkan seluruh pegawai di UPT PPSAA Nganjuk Asrama Kertosono.
Kata Kunci: teamwork, pelayanan, kesejahteraan anak
ABSTRACT
One of the frequent issues today is the abandonment and violence against children. Child abandonment often occurs due to parents' inability to fulfill their basic needs, making some children vulnerable to violence. Therefore, to reduce abandonment and violence against children, the role of orphanages is essential in protecting and guiding orphaned, destitute, and vulnerable children. The purpose of this study is to explore the teamwork of employees at the UPT PPSAA Nganjuk Asrama Kertosono in improving child welfare services through Skidmore's theory, which includes communication, compromise, cooperation, coordination, and consumption. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study research design. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and documentation during research studies and practicums at UPT PPSAA Nganjuk Asrama Kertosono in 2022. The results of the study show that teamwork at UPT PPSAA Nganjuk Asrama Kertosono has been effective. This is evidenced by the collaborative process among the team members in improving child welfare services involving all employees at UPT PPSAA Nganjuk Asrama Kertosono.
Keywords: teamwork, service, child welfare
DEVELOPMENT, CHARACTERIZATION, AND OPTIMIZATION OF REPAGLINIDE LOADED SPANLASTICS ALONG WITH INVESTIGATION OF DRUG SOLUBILITY IN VARIOUS MEDIA
Authors: Seary Hesham , Barakat Elsaied , Raslan Mohamed A. , Samy Ahmed M. 
Published: December 2024

Objective: This study seeks to explore the solubility of an antidiabetic drug with poor water solubility, Repaglinide (RPG), in various media, and develop and optimize RPG-loaded spanlastic formulations.
Methods: A 72-hours solubility study was conducted for RPG in different media, followed by UV spectrum analysis. Spanlastics containing RPG were prepared through the thin-film hydration (TFH) method combined with ultrasonication, incorporating varying concentrations ofthe lipophilic, non-ionic surfactant agents, Span 60 and Tween 80. Characterization was performed To assess particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), and entrapment efficiency (EE%). Optimization was achieved by analysing characterization results and using a mixture design of Design Expert software which predicted the optimized formula.
Results: RPG exhibited the highest solubility in phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 6.8) incorporating 0.5% Tween 20 (168.595 µg/mL), followed by PBS with 0.1% Tween 80 (80.355 µg/mL), PBS alone (56.163 µg/mL), and PBS with 0.1% sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) (53.706 µg/mL). UV scanning in methanol revealed three characteristic absorption bands for RPG, with peak selection optimized for molar absorptivity in each medium. The RPG-loaded spanlastic formulations demonstrated nano-sized vesicles with uniform size distribution, high stability, and efficient drug encapsulation. Optimized spanlastics predicted a particle size 126.162 nm, PDI 0.416, ZP-43.258 mV, and EE% 77.753%.
Conclusions: This research emphasizes the potential of optimized RPG-loaded spanlastics, developed through the thin-film hydration method, as a promising approach for improving the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs. RPG showed the highest solubility in PBS (pH 6.8) containing 0.5% Tween 20, and the formulation achieved desirable nanosize, uniformity, and high encapsulation efficiency.

Peer Review History:
Received 12 July 2024; Reviewed 16 September 2024; Accepted 23 October; Available online 15 November 2024
Academic Editor: Dr. Asia Selman Abdullah, Pharmacy institute, University of Basrah, Iraq, asia_abdullah65@yahoo.com
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10
Reviewers:
Antonio José de Jesus Evangelista, Federal University of Ceará, UFC, Brazil, tony_biomed@hotmail.com
Asmaa Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Khalifa, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt, asmaa.khalifa@pua.edu.eg