bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cleft lip scar correction methods
Authors: Komisarek Oskar , Bartkowska Patrycja , Matthews‑Brzozowski Artur 
Published: March 2020

Introduction. A cleft lip is a congenital malformation that may appear as an independent defect or as one of many syndrome features. Primary cleft lip surgical treatment is the only method of treatment to achieve tissue continuity, however it is associated with the inevitable postoperative scar and the emergence of so‑called secondary disorders, which has got a negative impact on psychosocial patient’s development.Aim. Presentation of possibilities of cleft upper lip scar correction paying attention to facial aesthetics.Material and Methods. The literature search was conducted in the English language via the PubMed database and Main Medical Library. The articles regarding cleft upper lip scar correction and care methods were selected.Results. All the methods of postoperative scar management presented in the results proved to be an effective way of cleft scar correction. These methods concern: surgical procedures, mechanical intervention, laser treatment, and medical therapy with using medicines and are dependent on the type of irregularity. These methods allowed to improvement of the aesthetics of the upper lip area and enabled control and prevention of cleft scar hypertrophy.Conclusions. There is no one procedure regarding the care and correction of cleft scars. Postoperative scar management should be adjusted individually to each patient, analyzing the medical case, to get the best possible aesthetic and functional effect.
Aesthetic medicine cabinets — economic aspect activities
Authors: Tomaszewski Mateusz 
Published: March 2020

On the global scale, the market of aesthetic medicine increased in the years 2015–2016 by 8.2% on average, while in Poland by 12–15%. The reasons for the strong development of the Polish market may be related to a systematic increase in the number of affluent Poles [3], ease of access to aesthetic medicine treatments, a change in the way of thinking about this type of treatment, and increased awareness of the appearance and striving to preserve a young and beautiful look. The share of new patients in the cabinets of this industry is a proof of great interest in aesthetic medicine procedures. In 2017, new patients accounted for between 25% and 50% of all patients. From an economic point of view, current economic conditions with forecasts of further growth of the aesthetic medicine market are the premise for undertaking activity in this industry. To take full advantage of the potential of the facial cosmetic surgery, it is worth taking care of all possible aspects of its functioning — high competences of medical staff, as well as economic aspects of running such activities, including identification of possible risks in order to avoid them.
The influence of ultraviolet radiation on the aging process of the skin
Authors: Polańska Adriana , Cieplewicz Paulina , Adamski Zygmunt , Żaba Ryszard , Dańczak‑Pazdrowska Aleksandra 
Published: March 2020

Skin as the largest organ of the human body is constantly exposured to solar radiation. Photoaging describes the influence of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the skin exposed to light. A typical histopathological indicator of skin aging is the phenomenon of elastosis, which is the accumulation of amorphous elastin and tropoelastine in the reticular layer of the dermis. The presented study summarizes pathogenesis and clinical features related to chronic exposition of skin to UVR.
ANALYSIS OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WONOREJO TOURIST VILLAGE IN JATIYOSO, KARANGANYAR REGENCY
Authors: Arief Sifaul , Muryani Chatarina , Prihartini Inna 
Published: March 2020

<p class="Style3CxSpFirst"><em>The research is intended to find (1) </em><em>the spread of tourist resort in Wonorejo Village, Jatiyoso, Karanganyar (2) the potential of tourist resort owned by Wonorejo Village, Jatiyoso, Karanganyar (3) community participation in tourist development Wonorejo Village, Jatiyoso, Karanganyar (4) characteristics of community based tourism in Wonorejo Village, Jatiyoso, Karangayar (5) the right development direction of Wonorejo tourism Village, Jatiyoso, Karanganyar (6) implementation of Geography Class XI High School learning.</em></p><p class="Style3CxSpMiddle"><em>Type of this research descriptive qualitative. The population of this research is all of tourist resort and community in Wonorejo Village. Sampling was done in two methods which were purposive sampling and accidental sampling. Data collecting techniques are field observation, indepth interview, and documentations. Data analysis is using interactive models (Miles-Huberman) and to comparison potential of tourist resort using analysis A4, to comparison community partitipation using partitipation scale of Arnstein, characteristics of community based tourism, and SWOT.</em></p><p class="Style3CxSpLast"><em>The result of the research are, (1) The distribution of tourist resort in the Wonorejo of Village in the central part of the village. (2) potential tourism objects in Wonorejo Village are found in potential classes. (3) high level of community participation is the level of delegated power and citizen control. (4) community based tourism (CBT) in Wonorejo Village runs well, seen from the high participation of community, equitable distribution of benefits, having a driving figure, good relations with the local government, and maintaining tourism by promoting cultural values (local wisdom) and environment. (5) direction for the development of tourism villages by improving the quality of human resources, tourist resort and local wisdom. (6) the implementation of Geography learning through the making of teaching materials.</em></p>
STUDY OF SHALLOW GROUNDWATER CHARACTERISTICS IN SANGIRAN DOME, KALIJAMBE DISTRICT
Authors: Lembayu Cikal , Muryani Chatarina , Nugraha Setya 
Published: March 2020

<p><em>The purpose of this study are knowing the shallow groundwater flow patterns and characteristics in the Sangiran Dome. This research uses descriptive qualitative method, carried out with survey methods that are analyzed with spatial approach. Unit analysis of this studied is the landform unit the result of a overlay between the Geological’s Map, Genesis’s Process, and Slope’s Map, the result is 15 landform units. Data analysis techniques is to determine the pattern of shallow groundwater flow using the three point problem method. Data analysis is to determine the characteristics of groundwater by using the parameters of power oh Hydrogen (pH), temperature, and Electrical Conductivity (DHL). The results of this study are the shallow groundwater flow patterns in the Sangiran Dome are concentrated in the Kalibeng Formation, the diffuse flow patterns are in the Pucangan Formation and irregular flow patterns are found in Kabuh Formation and Noropuro. The characteristics of shallow groundwater in the Sangiran Dome, based on pH. Neutral classification are found in the Notopuro Formation, the lower Pucangan Formation; base pH classification found in Kabuh Formation, upper Pucangan Formation, and Kalibeng Formation; acidic pH classification is found in the Notopuro Formation. The low DHL classification is found in Notopuro Formation, Kabuh Formation, and Pucangan Formation while the moderate DHL classification is in the Kalibeng Formation.</em></p>
THE BEHAVIOR OF WASTE DISPOSAL INTO RIVER AMONG COMMUNITY IN SUNGAI KAKAP SUBDISTRICT WEST KALIMANTAN
Authors: Oktaliana Reni , Ahmad Ahmad , Muryani Chatarina 
Published: March 2020

<p><em>This research was carried out in the Sungai Kakap Subdistrict, Kubu Raya Regency of West Kalimantan. The waste problem is one of the issues exists in Indonesia. Waste affects the cleanliness of the environment and the surrounding. Disposing waste into a river is an example of irresponsible practices. Nowadays, the river has become a practical and free of charge location to dispose of waste. People tend to develop waste disposal into a river as a habit without caring for the negative impacts of their behavior. The purposes of this research were 1) to determine the behavior of the community in disposing of waste into the river, 2) to find out community knowledge of the environment, and 3) to determine the ecological awareness of the community in the area.</em><em> </em><em>The results of this current study indicated that around 70% of the community members utilized the water for their daily needs, such as bathing, cleaning and also as the clean water resources. The score of the behavior of the community regarding waste disposal into the river was </em><em>1.570. </em><em>This was in a "bad" category. The score of the community knowledge on waste disposal into the river was</em><em> 3.09</em><em>1, included in the "moderate" category with the score ranging from</em><em> 2.701 – 4.05</em><em>0. People's knowledge of their environment influenced their behavior in disposing of waste into the river. Knowledge about the environment affects people's behavior in disposing of waste into the river. Community awareness began to emerge by doing cooperation activities every Sunday. This involved as many as 71 people or around 78.89% of the community members. The ecological awareness score of the community in disposing of waste into rivers was 3,529, the score was included in the category of "medium" with a score ranging from 2,701 - 4,050. Ecological awareness influenced community behavior in disposing of waste into rivers. In general, the people in the study area realized that disposing waste into rivers was irresponsible and brought a negative impact on the environment, but the habit of throwing waste into rivers was hard to change, it was like a tradition which was not easy to abandon. </em><em> </em><em></em></p>
Identification of NHXs in Gossypium species and the positive role of GhNHX1 in salt tolerance
Authors: Long Lu , Zhao Jing-Ruo , Guo Dan-dan , Ma Xiao-Nan , Xu Fu-Chun , Yang Wen-Wen , Gao Wei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Plant Na + /H + antiporters (NHXs) are membrane-localized proteins that maintain cellular Na + /K + and pH homeostasis. Considerable evidence highlighted the critical roles of NHX family in plant development and salt response; however, NHXs in cotton are rarely studied.

Results: The comprehensive and systematic comparative study of NHXs in three Gossypium species was performed. We identified 12, 12, and 23 putative NHX proteins from G. arboreum , G. raimondii , and G. hirsutum , respectively. Phylogenetic study revealed that repeated polyploidization of Gossypium spp. contributed to the expansion of NHX family. Gene structure analysis showed that cotton NHXs contain many introns, which will lead to alternative splicing and help plants to adapt to high salt concentrations in soil. The expression changes of NHX s indicate the possible differences in the roles of distinct NHX s in salt response. GhNHX1 was proved to be located in the vacuolar system and intensively induced by salt stress in cotton. Silencing of GhNHX1 resulted in enhanced sensitivity of cotton seedlings to high salt concentrations, which suggests that GhNHX1 positively regulates cotton tolerance to salt stress.

Conclusion: We characterized the gene structure, phylogenetic relationship, chromosomal location, and expression pattern of NHX genes from G. arboreum , G. raimondii , and G. hirsutum . Our findings indicated that the cotton NHX genes are regulated meticulously and differently at the transcription level with possible alternative splicing. The tolerance of plants to salt stress may rely on the expression level of a particular NHX , rather than the number of NHXs in the genome. This study could provide significant insights into the function of plant NHX s, as well as propose promising candidate genes for breeding salt-resistant cotton cultivars.
Genome-wide analysis of wheat DNA-binding with one finger (Dof) transcription factor genes: evolutionary characteristics and diverse abiotic stress responses
Authors: Liu Yue , Liu Nannan , Deng Xiong , Liu Dongmiao , Li Mengfei , Cui Dada , Hu Yingkao , Yan Yueming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: DNA binding with one finger (Dof) transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and abiotic stress responses. Although genome-wide identification and analysis of the DOF transcription factor family has been reported in other species, no relevant studies have emerged in wheat. The aim of this study was to investigate the evolutionary and functional characteristics associated with plant growth and abiotic stress responses by genome-wide analysis of the wheat Dof transcription factor gene family.
Results: Using the recently released wheat genome database (IWGSC RefSeq v1.1), we identified 96 wheat Dof gene family members, which were phylogenetically clustered into five distinct subfamilies. Gene duplication analysis revealed a broad and heterogeneous distribution of TaDofs on the chromosome groups 1 to 7, and obvious tandem duplication genes were present on chromosomes 2 and 3.Members of the same gene subfamily had similar exon-intron structures, while members of different subfamilies had obvious differences. Functional divergence analysis indicated that type-II functional divergence played a major role in the differentiation of the TaDof gene family. Positive selection analysis revealed that the Dof gene family experienced different degrees of positive selection pressure during the process of evolution, and five significant positive selection sites (30A, 31T, 33A, 102G and 104S) were identified. Additionally, nine groups of coevolving amino acid sites, which may play a key role in maintaining the structural and functional stability of Dof proteins, were identified. The results from the RNA-seq data and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that TaDof genes exhibited obvious expression preference or specificity in different organs and developmental stages, as well as in diverse abiotic stress responses. Most TaDof genes were significantly upregulated by heat, PEG and heavy metal stresses.
Conclusions: The genome-wide analysis and identification of wheat DOF transcription factor family and the discovery of important amino acid sites are expected to provide new insights into the structure, evolution and function of the plant Dof gene family.
Technical Requirements Framework of Hospital Information Systems: Design and Evaluation
Authors: Farzandipour Mehrdad , Meidani Zahra , Nabovati Ehsan , Jabali Monireh Sadeqi , Banadaki Razieh Dehghan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Implementing the health information system (HIS) is more complex and costly than implementing other information systems. The present study was conducted to design and evaluate technical requirements for the HIS.
Methods: The present study was conducted in 2016 by determining technical requirements for the HIS using the Delphi technique and then evaluating this system using a checklist based on the approved requirements.
Results: The first part of the study designed a 73-item final list of technical requirements for the HIS in four domains, i.e. communication service, system architecture, security service and system response time. The evaluation results obtained in the second part showed that communication service was met in 63.8% of the HIS programs, system architecture in 65.5%, security service in 72.4% and system response time in 76.3%.
Conclusions: A technical evaluation tool was designed and used to select and evaluate the HIS. The evaluation results suggested the study HIS was poorer in terms of communication service and system architecture than in the other two dimensions.
Assessment of malaria as a public health problem in and around Arjo Didhessa Sugar Cane Plantation area, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Dufera Mebrate , Debsu Regea , Tiruneh Gemechu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Although much progress has been made in reducing malaria morbidity and mortality worldwide in the last decade, nationally malaria still remains the third leading cause of death and still considered as major public health problem. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess malaria as a public health problem in and around sugar cane plantation area of Arjo Didhessa sugar factory, Western Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross sectional study supplemented with clinical retrospective data, which included 452 study subjects was recruited and the study period was extended from May 2016 up to November of 2017. A standardized questionnaire was used to assess malaria risk factors and blood samples were received from all study participants and further subjected to Giemsa staining for determination of malaria prevalence. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.Malaria risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression at significance level of P < 0.05. Results: The overall malaria prevalence was 3.1%; Plasmodium vivax being the main type of malaria parasite. Overnight outdoor sleeping and improper utilization of mosquito bed nets were found to be statistically significant as malaria risk factors in the community. In the retrospective studies of five years, the peak malaria cases (13.84%) were reported in 2013 and lowest cases (1.24%) in 2017. Conclusions: The figure of malaria witnessed in this area remains higher than the observed national malaria prevalence indicating malaria is still remains a public health problem.Therefore, we suggest the factory administrators and health care professionals to work more on raising awareness to avoid night outdoor sleeping and effective and appropriate utilization of insecticide treated nets and regular indoor residual spraying. Key words: Arjo Didhessa, malaria, malaria risk factors
What Explains the Regional Variation in the Use of General Practitioners in Australia?
Authors: Mu Chunzhou , Hall Jane 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Regional variation in the use of health care services is widespread. Identifying and understanding the sources of variation and how much variation is unexplained can inform policy interventions to improve the efficiency and equity of health care delivery. Methods: We examined the regional variation in the use of general practitioners (GPs) using data from the Social Health Atlas of Australia by Statistical Local Area (SLAs). 756 SLAs were included in the analysis. The outcome variable of GP visits per capita by SLAs was regressed on a series of demand-side factors measuring population health status and demographic characteristics and supply-side factors measuring access to physicians. Each group of variables was entered into the model sequentially to assess their explanatory share on regional differences in GP usage. Results: Both demand-side and supply-side factors were found to influence the frequency of GP visits. Specifically, areas in urban regions, areas with a higher percentage of the population who are obese, who have profound or severe disability, and who hold concession cards, and areas with a smaller percentage of the population who reported difficulty in accessing services have higher GP usage. The availability of more GPs led to higher use of GP services while the supply of more specialists reduced use. 30.56% of the variation was explained by medical need. Together, both need-related and supply-side variables accounted for 32.24% of the regional differences as measured by the standard deviation of adjusted GP-consultation rate. Conclusions: There was substantial variation in GP use across Australian regions with only a small proportion of them being explained by population health needs, indicating a high level of unexplained clinical variation. Supply factors did not add a lot to the explanatory power. There was a lot of variation that was not attributable to the factors we could observe. This could be due to more subtle aspects of population need or preferences and therefore warranted. However, it could be due to practice patterns or other aspects of supply and be unexplained. Future work should try to explain the remaining unexplained variation. Keywords: GP usage, Regional variation, Statistical Local Areas, Australia
IL-33 and its decoy sST2 in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Saresella Marina , Marventano Ivana , Piancone Federica , Rosa Francesca La , Galimberti Daniela , Fenoglio Chiara , Scarpini Elio , Clerici Mario 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Interleukin-33 is a cytokine endowed with pro- and anti-inflammatory properties that plays a still poorly defined role in the pathogenesis of a number of central nervous system (CNS) conditions including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We analyzed this cytokine and its decoy receptor sST2 in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Method: IL-33 and sST2 were analyzed in serum and CSF of AD and MCI patients, comparing the results to those obtained in age-matched healthy controls (HC). Because of the ambiguous role of IL-33 in inflammation, the concentration of both inflammatory (IL-1ß and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines was analyzed as well in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the same individuals. Finally, the effect of IL-33 on in vitro Aß42-stimulated monocytes of AD, MCI and HC individuals was examined. Results: As compared to HC: 1) IL-33 was significantly decreased in serum and CSF of AD and MCI; 2) sST2 was increased in serum of AD and MCI but was undetectable in CSF; 3) serum and CSF IL-1ß concentration was significantly increased and that of IL-10 was reduced in AD and MCI whereas no differences were observed in IL-6. In vitro addition of IL-33 to LPS+Aß42-stimulated monocytes down regulated IL-1ß generation in MCI and HC but not in AD, and stimulated IL-10 production in HC alone. IL-33 addition also resulted in a significant reduction of NF-kB nuclear translocation in LPS+Aß42-stimulated monocytes of HC alone. Conclusions: These data support the hypothesis that IL-33 plays a complex anti-inflammatory role that is lost in AD- and MCI-associated neuroinflammation; results herein also suggest a possible use of IL-33 as a novel therapeutic approach in AD and MCI.