bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is there any relationship between role stressors, job tasks, and job satisfaction among Health Surveillance Assistants in Malawi? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ntopi Simon Willard , Chirwa Ellen , Maluwa Alfred 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Health Surveillance Assistants (HSAs) are community-based health workers in Malawi, responsible for health services delivery at the community level. They are reported to be overloaded in their work, and anecdotal evidence suggests they are stressed. The purpose of this study was to explore the role stressors among the HSAs with the view to identify factors for role stressors and suggest some measures for the effective management of the HSAs to alleviate the problem of role stressors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design and multistage stage sampling were used in this study. Data were collected from 430 HSAs from the districts of Mangochi, Lilongwe and Mzimba. A self-administered questionnaire was hand delivered to a total of 455 HSAs with a response rate of 94.5%. The data collected were analyzed with the aid of the computer software package Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. Statistics used for the analysis included: Mean, Standard Deviation, correlations and principal component analysis (PCA). Results: The key findings of this study are that role ambiguity ( r = -.238, P< 0.001) and role overload ( r =-.159, P< 0.01) were significantly negatively related to job satisfaction, while role conflict ( r = -.004, P= 0.472) was insignificantly related to job satisfaction. Additionally, the HSAs curative role was negatively related to role ambiguity ( r = -.108, P= 0.013) and positively related to role conflict ( r = .118, P= 0.008) and role overload ( r = .105, P= 0.015) while the HSAs overall preventive task was positively related to role overload. Conclusion: Since the HSAs clinical tasks were significantly related to all role stressors there is need by the government of Malawi to design strategies to control the role stressors to ensure increased job performance and job satisfaction among HSAs. Keywords : Relationship, role ambiguity, role conflict, role overload, job satisfaction, role stressors
Determining the association between fibromyalgia, the gut microbiome and its biomarkers: A systematic review
Authors: Erdrich Sharon , Hawrelak Jason A , Myers Stephen P , Harnett Joanna E 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The association between fibromyalgia and irritable bowel syndrome is well-established. Alterations in the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome in irritable bowel syndrome have been reported, however, this association is poorly understood in fibromyalgia. Our aim was to summarise the research reporting on the gastrointestinal microbiome and its biomarkers in people with fibromyalgia.Methods A systematic review of published original research reporting on the gastrointestinal microbiota and its biomarkers in adults with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia was undertaken.Results From 4771 studies, 11 met our inclusion criteria and were separated into four main groups: papers reporting Helicobacter pylori ; other gut bacterial markers; metabolomics and other biomarkers, which included intestinal permeability and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.Conclusion The results suggest there is a paucity of quality research in this area, with indications that the gut microbiota may play a role in fibromyalgia within the emerging field of the gut-musculoskeletal axis. Further investigations into the relationship between the gut microbiota, gut dysfunction and fibromyalgia are warranted.
Pullout strength of adjusting pedicle screw with or without self-bone grafting in the previous trajectory using an osteoporotic human vertebral body
Authors: Liu Sen , Li Jia , Gao Hong-Yang , Wang Wei , Dong Wei , Zhao Feng , Liu Guo-Bin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study is to explore the pullout strength of adjusting pedicle screw with or without self-bone grafting in the previous trajectory using an osteoporotic human vertebral body. Methods Thirty vertebrae from six cadavers were collected and all of the vertebrae were divided into two groups according to bone mineral density: control group with normal bone mineral density; osteoporosis group with osteoporosis. The osteoporosis group was randomly and evenly divided into five subsamples according to direction of reinsert pedicle screw: the normal angle, sagittal angle, sagittal bone grafting, horizontal angle, horizontal bone grafting. Axial pullout strength testing of the pedicle screw was performed and the maximum axial pullout force (Fmax) was applied to analyse. Result The bone mineral density of the control group was 1.115±0.065 g/cm3, and the bone mineral density of the osteoporosis group was 0.678±0.055 g/cm3, presenting significantly different between the two group (P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the Fmax of the normal angle group was smaller (600.64±43.10 vs 1100.74±49.08 N, P<0.001). Compared with the normal angle group, the Fmax of the sagittal angle group (339.13±38.90 vs 600.64±43.10 N, P<0.001) and the horizontal angle group (342.06±33.01 vs 600.64±43.10 N, P<0.001) were smaller. The Fmax in sagittal bone grafting group was higher than that with non-implanted bone in primary screw canal (492.30±42.06 vs 342.06±33.01 N, P<0.001), and the Fmax of the horizontal bone grafting group was higher than that with non-implanted bone in primary screw canal (502.02± 50.26 vs 342.06±33.01 N, P<0.001). Conclusion The pullout strength of adjusting pedicle screw is seriously decreased in osteoporotic human vertebral body and self-bone grafting in the previous trajectory is an effective remedial measure.
Assessing the Effects of Maternal HIV Infection on Child Birth Weight and Knowledge of HIV status on Breastfeeding using Observational Data in Malawi
Authors: Twabi Halima Sumayya , Manda Samuel O , Small Dylan S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Evidence has shown that maternal HIV infection has adverse effect on pregnancy outcomes including childbirth weight and that knowledge of mothers HIV status affects practice of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six month. Using methods for matching possible confounders, the purpose of this study were twofold: a) to assess whether or not the association of maternal HIV on childbirth weight was moderated by use of ART drugs and b) to determine if indeed knowledge of HIV status among mothers was associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: Data on over 18,000 and 16,000 children still alive and born within five years of the 2010 and 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Surveys (MDHS) were analysed. A set of methods for confounder balance namely, the 1:1 nearest neighbour (NN) matching, matching on the propensity score (PS) and inverse weighting the propensity score (PS) were used. Results: Using the 2010 data, maternal HIV infection had a negative effect on infant birth weight -149.0 (-324.2, -26.2) and -154.3 (-295.4, -13.3), under PS matching and PS inverse weighting respectively. Infant birth weights from HIV-infected mothers on ART and uninfected mothers were the same (mean: 3121.3, 95% CI: 3021.9, 3220.7) and (3273.7, 95% CI: 3259.1, 3288.3), respectively) and differed significantly from those HIV-infected mothers (3193.9, 95% CI: 3122.2, 3265.6). For the 2015-16 data, mothers who were HIV-infected gave birth to infants who significantly weighted more than infants from HIV-uninfected mothers 144.7 (40.4, 249.1) and 115.4 (11.6, 219.2), under PS matching and PS inverse weighting respectively. Knowledge of HIV status among mothers was not associated with their behaviour concerning exclusive breastfeeding for the 2010 and 2015-16 data. Conclusion: The association between maternal HIV infection and birth weight depended on the data used, with the 2010 data showing adverse effect. The higher birth weight among infants born to HIV infected mothers in 2015-16 maybe indicative of successes of policies and interventions within the PMTCT program in Malawi. The observed mitigating effect of ART usage by HIV infected mothers on child birth weight further confirms that PMTCT interventions should continue to be supported among antenatal clinics in Malawi.
Impact of Chinese Respiratory Physicians Participating in Smoking Cessation and Mobile Health:Methodological Assessment and Effectiveness Comparison
Authors: Wang Yizhe , Li Rong , Zhang Li , Kang Jian , Xiao Dan , Hu Xuejun , Wang Xiaonan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background People who are eager to quit smoking often lack long-term, daily smoking cessation guidance. Besides, advances in mobile communication technology offer promising ways to provide tobacco dependence treatment. However, it is unclear whether doctors-WeChat network can improve the smoking cessation rate of nicotine-dependent patients. Methods In this prospective single-blind cohort study, we recruited 250 smokers from April, 2018 to August, 2018. They were randomly divided into two groups with or without doctors' active smoking cessation service and followed-up for 6 months. The smoking cessation rate and the characteristics of successful smoking cessation groups were compared. The reasons for relapse were also analyzed. Results After beginning quit for 3months, the success rate of the group with respiratory physicians actively involved was 65.0% (80/123) ; the success rate of control group was 34.7% (34/98). Quit for 6 months, the success rate of the group with respiratory physicians actively involved was 55.3% (68/123) ; the control group was 11.2% (11/98). There was no difference in weight change between the two groups. Subgroup analysis showed that among men who were younger than 45 years old or unemployment, doctors' participation has a greater impact on the success of smoking cessation. Conclusions Doctors in mobile-smoking cessation services plays a very important role to improve quit rates. Our research provides methodological guidance for further clinical trials and provides a template for further real-world application of smoking cessation services.
Elucidation of the Molecular Consequences of Two Unique p6Gag Mutations Derived from HIV-1 CRF07_BC-infected Patients
Authors: Cheng Zetao , Ablan Sherimay D. , Freed Eric O. , Wang Haiying , Tang Shixing 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background We previously observed that individuals infected with HIV-1 CRF07_BC showed slower disease progression than those infected with HIV-1 subtype B or CRF01_AE. CRF07_BC viruses carry two unique mutations in the p6 Gag protein: insertion of PTAPPE sequences downstream of the original Tsg101 binding domain, and deletion of a seven-amino-acid sequence ( 30 PIDKELY 36 ) that partially overlaps with the Alix binding domain. To further define the role of these mutations in virus release and replication, we introduced them into the HIV-1 proviral clone pNL4-3 for functional characterization. Results We found that the seven-amino-acid deletion, but not the PTAPPE insertion, significantly decreased virus release, Gag processing, and virus infectivity. The seven-amino-acid deletion also resulted in a virus replication defect in both T-cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We found that these defects were caused by the seven-amino-acid deletion in p6 Gag , especially deletion of Tyr-36 of p6 Gag , not the deletion of the overlapping p6* sequence in the HIV-1 GagPol protein. The p6 Gag deletion mutant was resistant to a dominant-negative Alix fragment, suggesting a loss of binding between p6 Gag and Alix. Conclusions Our results indicate that the patient-derived seven-amino-acid deletion in p6 Gag of HIV-1 CRF07_BC virus affects virus release, infectivity and replication capacity by disrupting the interaction between HIV-1 p6 Gag and host protein Alix. These results may explain the slower disease progression observed in the subjects infected with HIV-1 CRF07_BC bearing this unique mutation.
Long-term Survival among Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Diagnosed after Another Malignancy: A SEER Population-Based Study
Authors: Shen Chaoyong , Wang Chengshi , He Tao , Cai Zhaolun , Yin Xiaonan , Yin Yuan , Lu Donghao , Zhang Bo , Zhou Zongguang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: To explore overall survival (OS) and GISTs-specific survival (GSS) among cancer survivors developing a second primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). METHODS: We conducted a cohort study, where patients with GISTs after another malignancy (AM-GISTs, n=851) and those with only GISTs (GISTs-1, n=7660) were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results registries (1988-2016). Clinicopathologic characteristics and survival were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The most commonly diagnosed first primary malignancy was prostate cancer (27.7%), followed by breast cancer (16.2%). OS among AM-GISTs was significantly inferior to that of GISTs-1: 10-year OS was 40.3% vs. 50.0%, (p<0.001); A contrary finding was observed for GSS (10-year GSS: 68.9% vs. 61.8%, p=0.002). In the AM-GISTs group, a total of 338 patients died, of which 26.0% died of their initial cancer and 40.8% died of GISTs. Independent of demographics and clinicopathological characteristics, mortality from GISTs among AM-GISTs patients was decreased compared with their GISTs-1 counterparts (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59-0.84; p<0.001); whereas OS was inferior among AM-GISTs (HR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.99-1.25; p=0.085). CONCLUSIONS: AM-GISTs patients have decreased risk of dying from GISTs compared with GIST-1. Although another malignancy history does not seemingly affect OS for GISTs patients, clinical treatment of such patients should be cautious.
Correlation between UGT1A1 gene polymorphism and irinotecan chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a study from Guangxi Zhuang
Authors: Chen Shaojun , Hua Li , Feng Chenjun , Mo Qia , Wei Mengzhuan , Shen Yongqi , Lin Zhan , Li Guisheng , Xu Junyi , Guo Chengxian , huang haixin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: UGTlA1 gene polymorphism has different distribution in different ethnicities, geographical regions and ethnic groups, which may lead to different toxicity and efficacy of irinotecan. The study aimed to explore the correlation of UGT1A1 gene polymorphism of Guangxi Zhuang metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with irinotecan -based chemotherapy to develop an individualized irinotecan regimen. Methods: From June 2013 and June 2015, a total of 406 patients of Guangxi who were histologically diagnosed as metastatic colorectal cancer and 86 patients of this with three generations of Zhuang who were accorded with inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. The distribution of UGT1A1 gene polymorphism was analyzed retrospectively in all patients. Pyrosequencing method was used to detect the UGT1A1 * 28 and * 6 gene polymorphism in the 86 Guangxi Zhuang mCRC patients. After first-line chemotherapy with FOLFIRI regimen, the relationship between gene polymorphism of UGT1A1 and adverse reactions, and efficacy of Irinotecan were analyzed with χ2 test and Kaplan-Meier method. Results: UGT1A1 * 28 wild-type (TA6 / 6), heterozygous mutant (TA6 /7) and homozygous mutant (TA7 / 7) accounted for 69.8%, 30.2%and 0%, respectively. UGT1A1 * 6 wild type (G / G), heterozygous mutation type (G / A) and homozygous mutant (A / A) accounted for 76.7% ，20.9%and 2.3%，respectively。UGT1A1 * 28 TA6 / 7 type could increase the risk of grade 3-4 diarrhea (P=0.027), which did not increase the risk of grade 3-4 neutropenia (P=0.092). UGT1A1 * 6 G / A and A / A type could increase the risk of grade 3-4 diarrhea and neutropenia (P=0.001; P=0.017). After chemotherapy with FOLFIRI, there was no significant difference in response rate (RR) (P=0.729; P=0.745). The median progression-free survival (mPFS) between the wild-type, mutant treatment of UGT1A1 * 28 and UGT1A1 * 6 (7.0m vs 7.4 m, P=0.427; 6.9mvs 7.0m P=0.408). Conclusions: The distribution of UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1* 6 gene polymorphism in Guangxi Zhuang patients were differed from the existing reported of European people,Chinese Han population. The UGT1A1 gene polymorphism with irinotecan chemotherapy-associated diarrhea and neutropenia were closely related. There was no significant association between UGT1A1 gene polymorphism and therapeutic efficacy of irinotecan.
Influential Factors on Sexual Function in Infertile Women with Endometriosis: A Path Analysis
Authors: Sadatmahalleh Shahideh Jahanian , youseflu samaneh , Khomami Mahnaz Bahri , Nasiri Malihe 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Endometriosis have a negative influence on women’s sexual life. The aim of the current study was to test a conceptual model considering the interrelated role of anxiety, depression, sleep quality, physical activity, BMI, stage of endometriosis, the intensity of dyspareunia and pelvic pain on sexual function (SF) in infertile women with endometriosis. Also test the mediating role of sleep quality, anxiety, and depression. Method: In the present cross-sectional study, 220 infertile women with a laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis were recruited. Data were collected using a socio-demographic checklist, Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results: We found that anxiety, depression, sleep quality, BMI, level of education, stage of endometriosis, and dyspareunia have a direct effect on women’s SF. In our study, sleep quality, anxiety, pelvic pain, and depression were the four major mediators that the higher scores lead to a decrease in the SF of endometriosis patients. The intensity of pelvic pain with an effect on sleep quality and dyspareunia change women’s SF. The lower level of physical activity, and higher BMI with indirect effect thorough anxiety, and sleep quality can worsen SF. Also, a higher level of anxiety leads to poor sleep quality and depression. Anxiety with both direct and indirect effect impress women’s SF. Conclusion: It seems that the main risk factors for sexual dysfunction in women with endometriosis are higher rates of anxiety, depression, poor sleep quality, pelvic pain, and dyspareunia. In the care of women with endometriosis, not only laparoscopy and medical treatment should be performed but also psychotherapeutic and psychosexual help should be offered.
Associations of laboratory parameters and genetic polymorphisms with ischemic stroke in Chinese Han population
Authors: Wang Jiayong , Sun Zujun , Yang Yibao , Wu Junlu , Quan Wenqiang , Shang Anquan , Ji Ping , Chen Xingcai , Ni Peihua , Li Dong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Many genetic polymorphisms and clinical laboratory parameters have been shown to be associated with ischemic stroke (IS). However, these results are often inconsistent. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between clinical laboratory parameters, the risk genetic polymorphisms and IS in Shanghai population.Methods The clinical laboratory parameters were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. The genotype frequencies and allelic frequencies of the polymorphisms gene encoding angiotensin-converting enzyme ( ACE D/I), gene encoding methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR C677T), gene encoding β-fibrinogen 455/148 ( β-Fg -455/148) were characterized by restricted fragment length polymorphisms-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). The gene encoding plasminogen activator inhibitor ( PAI -1 4G/5G) and gene encoding apolipoprotein E 2,3,4 ( ApoE ε2,3,4) were characterized by allele specific PCR. The genotype frequency and allele frequency of the 6 risk genes of IS were analyzed by chi-square test in different groups of laboratory indexes. The distribution maps of the polymorphisms ACE D/I, MTHFR C677T, β-Fg -455 A/G, β-Fg -148 T/C, PAI -1 4G/5G, ApoE ε2,3,4 and clinical laboratory paramaters were compared between healthy people and patients with IS.Results The laboratory parameters were related to ACE I/D, β-Fg -455 A/G, and PAI -1 4G/5G genes. D allele of ACE I/D was associated with high levels of total cholesterol (TC) and Low-density lipoprotein (LDL). High levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), and LDL were risk factors for IS. There were significant differences in genotype frequencies of ACE I/D, β-Fg -455 A/G, and β-Fg- 148 T/C genes between IS and control group.Conclusions Clinical laboratory paramaters are associated with the risk genes polymorphisms of IS. It is suggested that control value of clinical laboratory paramaters should be determined according to the genotype carried by the patients with diabetes and hyperlipidemia when preventing IS.
miR-4668-5p is up-regulated in serum of patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Lv Pengfei , Hao Zhengwen , Zhang Haoruo , Li Jun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is the most common of gastrointestinal tumor, with a high malignancy and poor prognosis,and early and effective diagnosis is the key for prolonging patient’s overall survival, especially for fluid biopsy.Methods In this study, expression profile array was downloaded from GEO database, and differentially expressed miRNAs in serum were screened from patients with pancreatic cancer and healthy individuals, then co-expressed serum miRNAs in pancreatic cacner patients was analyzed by R software with weighted correlation network analysis(WGCNA) package. Finally, key differentially expressed miRNA was verified in serum of 16 patients with pancreatic cancer and 10 healthy individuals by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).Results Results found that there were eleven differentially expressed miRNAs(miR-155-5p, miR-4668-5p, miR-3613-3p, -miR-3201, miR-548ac, miR-486-5p, miR-548a-3p, miR-8084, miR-455-3p, miR-6068, and miR-1246) between pancreatic cancer and healthy individuals. WGCNA results further found that miR-4668-5p has a higher associated modules compared to other differentially expressed miRNAs. Then, the expression level of miR-4668-5p was further verified, and results found that serum miR-4668-5p expression level was significantly higher in patients with pancreatic cancer than that of healthy individuals.Conclusion Our results firstly substantiated that miR-4668-5p was significantly up-regulated in serum of patients with pancreatic cancer, which may be a potential biomarker for pancreatic cancer diagnosis.