bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term clinicopathological prognosis on 609 cases after gastrectomy: A 10-year follow up single-institutional retrospective analysis
Authors: Liu Guoxiao , Cui Hao , Zhang Wang , Cao Bo , Chen Zhida , Cong Ting , Deng Huan , Chen Lin , Wei Bo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: This retrospective study focused on relevant factors about gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy after 10 years, which showed great significance of prolonging survival time of gastric cancer patients. Methods: 609 gastric cancer patients after surgery were recruited from January, 2005 to December, 2007. They were perfectly followed and their clinicopathological data were collected. Univariate analysis was performed using Log-rank test in order to compare survival rates between or among groups. The outcomes with statistical significance (P<0.05) were screened out. Cox regression model was employed for survival multivariate analysis. Forward stepwise LR analysis was used to screen the factors influencing survival qualities of relevant patients after surgery. Results: Univariate analysis indicated that prognosis was correlated with age, pT stage, pN stage, pM stage, tumor size, location, type of gastrectomy, degree of differentiation, vascular invasion, nerve invasion, radical treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, pTNM stage and BMI (P＜0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that pT stage, pN stage, pM stage, degree of differentiation, vascular invasion, nerve invasion, radical treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, pTNM stage were independent prognostic factors of GC patients (P＜0.05). Conclusions: The 10-year survival rates of gastric cancer patients are primarily determined by tumor progression. Appropriate treatment can improve prognosis of patients. Early diagnosis of gastric cancer and prompt implementation of radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy are essential for increasing survival rates. This study provides a promising direction for future basic researches.
Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Cao Ailing , Wang Qian , Zhou Xianmei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia is an unusual histopathological pattern of acute lung injury. To improve the understanding of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia, we herein present one case of a patient with acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia proven by percutaneous lung biopsy along with clinical features, chest imaging and pathology. Case presentation A 70-year-old man was admitted to our department and was initially diagnosed to have community-acquired pneumonia. He had no specific symptoms and signs on presentation. Chest computed tomography scan showed a high-density shadow in the right basement of the lower lobe. The patient was preliminarily diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia; however, antibacterial treatment was ineffective. To confirm the diagnosis, we performed twice percutaneous lung biopsy, and pathology was consistent with acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia. After he was treated with glucocorticoids, the shadow seen on imaging dissipated during the follow-up period. Conclusion Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia is a rare histopathological diagnosis, which often has a delay in diagnosis. Clinicians need to consider the possibility of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia in the case of invalid antibacterial therapy. Further studies are needed to better classify acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia, and characterise its clinical presentations, course and treatment.
Cloning, expression and monoclonal antibody of porcine interferon-regulated antiviral gene
Authors: Wang Hua , Jiao Yajuan , Kong Ning , Tong Wu , Sun Dage , Dong Sujie , Chen Xiaoyong , Zhai Huanjie , Bai Yuanzhe , Zheng Hao , Yu Hai , Li Liwei , Gao Fei , Yu Lingxue , Jiang Yifeng , Zhou Yanjun , Li Guoxin , Liu Changlong , Tong Guangzhi , Shan Tongling 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background IRAV (interferon-regulated antiviral gene) was identified with antiviral activity as a novel interferon-stimulated gene. IRAV is upregulated in response to type I and type II IFNs and a number of virus. However, the antiviral activity of IRAV to virus infection is poorly understood. Methods To obtain the antibody against IRAV, we cloned the full-length IRAV complementary DNA (cDNA) from porcine kidney cells firstly. And then, the porcine IRAV protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3), purified and immunized to female BALB/c mice. Finally, we determined the specificity of the MAbs by indirect ELISA, Western blotting and IFA. Results Five strains of hybridoma cells named 2B10, 2G12, 2H1,5A8 and 2C5 secreting anti-IRAV MAbs were obtained. By western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence assay, the MAbs were identified with the specific reaction with the overexpressed porcine IRAV protein in PK15 cells. Conclusions The MAbs against porcine IRAV, identified by western blot and IFA, provid a valuable tool to study the biological function of IRAV in the future.
Isolation nontuberculous mycobacteria and histopathological changes in lymph nodes collected at the abattoir in cattle reactive-positive to tuberculin dermal test
Authors: Jarguín Angélica María Hernández , Martínez-Burnes Julio , Molina-Salinas Gloria M. , Cruz-Hernández Ned I. de la , Palomares-Rangel José L. , Mayagoitia Alfonso López , Barrios-García Hugo B. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex causes a variety of diseases; in bovine, the common pathogen is M. bovis which is considered zoonotic. A separate group of mycobacteria, much less known, is "non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) which are also infectious for animals and humans. The Mexican Official Norm (NOM-ZOO-031-1995) regulates M. bovis in cattle, but not NTM species, even though this last type of microorganisms has a confounding effect for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. The objective of the study was to isolate and identify the NTM of bovine lymph nodes condemned in the slaughterhouse, to characterize the histological lesions in these tissues and to correlate bacteriological and postmortem findings with the antemortem skin test of the tuberculin. Results: Mycobacteria were isolated from 54/528 (10.2%) of the lymph nodes; 29/54 (53.7%) of these isolates were identified as M. bovis and 25/54 (46.2%) as NTM; 3 bacteriological cultures were discarded due to contamination with fungi and in one case it was not possible to identify the species. Granulomatous and pyogranulomatous inflammation were observed in 6/21 (28.6%) and 7/21 (33.3%) of the NTM-positive lymph nodes, respectively. Necrosis and mineralization were only found in 6/21(28.6%) of the lymph nodes. The species of NTM associated with granulomatous lymphadenitis were M. scrofulaceum, M. triviale, M. terrae and M. szulgai, while those causing pyogranulomatous lesions were M. szulgai, M. kansasii, M. phlei, and M. scrofulaceum. Conclusions: Considering the increase of mycobacterial infections in humans worldwide, the idetification of NTM that inducing Tuberculosis-like lesions in abattoir inspection is the first step to investigate the livestock-human-wildlife-environment interactions with especially focus on transmission dynamics.
Morphometric and Seismic Hazard Analysis of Achankovil Shear Zone in Part of Kerala and Tamil Nadu States, India
Authors: Erumathadathil Praseeda , Ganapathy Ganapathy Pattukandan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Numerous studies have considered Achankovil shear zone as NW-SE trending Precambrian crustal scale structure. Two major faults namely Thenmala and Thenmala south faults are also identified as associated with this shear zone by earlier studies. The present study identified segmented lineaments in these zones. The major drainages in this zone are flowing in a general NW-SE trend. The rock units surrounding these faults are also trending in NW-SE directionThe present study applied both conventional and recent geomorphic parameters to identify anomalies in the terrain. Morphometric results suggest that the area between Thenmala fault and Thenmala South fault especially the central part exhibits anomalies in parameters for example elongation ratio, bifurcation ratio and stream frequency. Recent study identified continuities of NW-SE trending faults as brittle deformation in the southeastern continuity, away from hill ranges and identified as geologically young deformation. The M=6.0 Coimbatore earthquake of 1900 is the largest event reported in the region which occurred in Palghat Cauvery shear zone. The nearest seismic source zone identified is the one located in KKPT shear zone located 70-80 km from the study area which produced a M=5.0 event. There are also several instances of historic and recent earthquakes reported in the study area. Considering the general trend of the seismic source zone reported in the peninsular India the NW-SE trending faults can generate a Magnitude M >5.0. We calculated peek ground acceleration for a magnitude of M=5.5 as the maximum credible earthquake that can generate by these two faults. The peak ground acceleration that Thirunelveli, the nearest city, would experience from Thenmala fault is of the range of 0.287-0.262.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of early death in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Cruz-Ku Gabriel De la , Chambergo-Michilot Diego , Torres-Roman J. Smith , Rebaza Pamela , Pinto Joseph , Araujo Jhajaira , Morante Zaida , Enriquez Daniel , Flores Claudio , Luque Renato , Saavedra Antonella , Lujan Maria , Gomez Henry , Valcarcel Bryan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The prediction of survival using the neutrophil-to-lymphocytes ratio (NLR) in metastatic breast cancer is still under debate. We aimed to determine the mortality prognostic value of the NLR in female patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Methods. We reviewed 118 medical records of patients diagnosed and treated in a tertiary-care center over a 14-year period. The cut-off value for the NLR (<2.5 and ≥2.5) was determined with receiver operating characteristic curves (area under the curve: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.615, 0.851). Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the Log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression was used to identify the risk of mortality at two years. We further performed sensitivity analyses with different cut-off values and subgroup analysis in patients that only received chemotherapy. Results. The median follow-up was 24 months. Patients with an NLR ≥2.5 had a worse overall survival compared to patients with a NLR <2.5 (6% vs. 28%, p<0.001) at two years. This outcome remained consistent when we stratified for patients that received chemotherapy (8% vs. 36%, p=0.001). Multivariate analysis identified the NLR (≥2.5 vs. <2.5) at diagnosis as a prognostic risk factor for mortality in the entire population (HR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.32-3.39) and in patients that received chemotherapy (HR: 2.68, 95% CI: 1.46 – 4.92). Conclusions. The NLR is an accessible biomarker that predicts early mortality in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Physicians can use these results to predict survival in these patients.
A novel prediction model for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease based on serological biomarkers
Authors: Gao Jun , Xie Chunyan , Yu Xin , Xiao Yingbin , Peng Xiaogang , Ying Xiangbao , Li Daojing , Zhou Fan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of digestive cancers, is a common complication of chronic liver disease (CLD). Currently, HCC is often diagnosed by radiological examination. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in a vital mammalian DNA epigenetic modification that is found in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and carries tumor-specific epigenetic information. It may also serve as a potential cancer biomarker for HCC diagnosis. Our study aimed to establish a statistical diagnostic model for diagnosing the risk of HCC in individual patients with CLD according objective tests, especially serological tumor markers. Methods:Based on the 5hmC-seal technique, the genome-wide-5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and gene body 5hmC content in cfDNA samples from 96 patients were analyzed. Patients were recruited from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University; 64 patients had HCC and 32 patients had CLD. Peripheral blood samples were prospectively collected, followed by blood preparation and cfDNA extraction. Independent risk factors associated with HCC were identified by logistic regression, and a diagnostic model was developed and evaluated based on sensitivity, specificity, and correct diagnostic results. Results:The ﬁnal model revealed sex, age, 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and afetoprotein (AFP) as diagnostic indicators in a “discovery” data set. A novel statistical model was formed using the formula: Z = -18.160 + 0.081*age + 1.867*sex + 1.066*(logAFP) + 1.964*(log5hmC), which had an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.973. With 0.7636 as the cutoff point, the model had an estimated sensitivity of 0.891 and a specificity of 0.969. The novel model provides a reliable and stable capacity to predict HCC in patients with CLD. Conclusions: The study findings provide an objective blood serum marker-based model that could enhance the diagnostic efficiency of HCC and form a basis for the early detection of surgically resectable liver cancers in high-risk individuals.
Factors associated with Hepatitis B screening and completion of vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in Kampala's informal settlements, Uganda
Authors: Ssekamatte Tonny , Isunju John Bosco , Mutyoba Joan Nankya , Tetui Moses , Mugambe Richard K. , Nalugya Aisha , Wagaba Brenda , Oputan Patience , Bukenya Justine Nnakate , Buregyeya Esther , Kibira Simon P.S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Young psychoactive substance users exhibit high-risk behaviours which can increase their risk to Hepatitis B infection. However, there is limited information on screening, and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in informal settlements. Therefore, this study determined the factors associated with Hepatitis B screening, and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in Kampala’s informal settlements, Uganda. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. Respondent driven sampling was used to enroll 768 respondents from 12 informal settlements. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using Stata version 14. A “modified” Poisson regression analysis was done to determine the factors associated with Hepatitis B screening while logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule. Results Out of the 768 respondents, only 13.3% had ever screened for Hepatitis B and 2.7% had completed the Hepatitis B vaccine schedule. Being a female (aPR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.11-2.33), earning a monthly income >USD 136 (aPR 1.78, 95% CI: 1.11-2.86); completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule (aPR 1.85, 95% CI: 1.26-2.70); lack of awareness about the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aPR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27-0.68); and the belief that the Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aPR 3.67, 95% CI: 2.34-5.73) were associated with “ever screening” for Hepatitis B. Knowledge about the recommended Hepatitis B vaccine dose (aOR 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01-0.35); “ever screening” for hepatitis B (aOR 9.68, 95% CI: 2.17-43.16) and the belief that the hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing Hepatitis B infection (aOR 11.8, 95% CI: 1.13-110.14) were associated with completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule. Conclusion Our findings indicate a low prevalence of Hepatitis B screening and completion of the Hepatitis B vaccination schedule among young psychoactive substance users in informal urban settings. It is evident that lack of awareness about Hepatitis B is associated with the low screening and vaccination rates. We recommend mass sensitisation of young psychoactive substance users in urban informal settlements on Hepatitis B.
Dry Emulsions based on Alpha Cyclodextrin and Vegetable Oils for Buccal Delivery of Lipophilic Drugs
Authors: Abruzzo Angela , Saladini Bruno , Dalena Francesco , Nicoletta Fiore P. , Luppi Barbara , Bigucci Federica , Cerchiara Teresa 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Buccal delivery of drugs can be used as an alternative administration route to
conventional oral route avoiding the liver first-pass effect and improving patient compliance.

Objective:
The goal of this work was to develop dry emulsions for buccal delivery of ketoprofen, used
as a lipophilic model drug. The influence of two vegetable oils, olive oil or wheat germ oil, in the presence
of α-cyclodextrin and different drying techniques on the dry emulsion properties was evaluated.

Methods:
Emulsions were prepared by adding olive oil or wheat germ oil to an aqueous solution of
α-cyclodextrin and subsequently dried through an oven, freeze-dryer or spray-dryer. Dry emulsions
were characterized in terms of yield, encapsulation efficiency, morphology and drug solid-state.
In vitro drug release and permeation studies were carried out to evaluate dry emulsion ability to release
the drug and to allow its permeation through the esophageal porcine epithelium.

Results:
The formation of stable and milky emulsion was assured by cyclodextrin ability to interact
with oil components obtaining an inclusion complex with amphiphilic property able to act as a surfaceactive
agent. The drying process influenced the yield and the encapsulation efficiency, while no significant
differences were observed between olive oil and wheat germ oil. Freeze-dried emulsions, selected
as the best formulations, resulted in fast release of drug thereby ensuring its permeation across the epithelium.

Conclusion:
Dry emulsions prepared with a simple and easy method, using natural ingredients and
avoiding synthetic surfactants and organic solvents, could be used for buccal delivery of lipophilic
drugs.
Impact of Industrial Dyes on the Environment and Bacterial Peroxidase Isolated from Bacillus sp. BTS-P5 as a Possible Solution
Authors: Chauhan Vivek , kanwar Shamsher S. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Synthetic dyes find usage in multiple industries such as paper, textile, food,
plastic and pharmaceutical. On their release in industrial effluent and subsequently into the environment,
the majority of them affect aquatic and surrounding non-aquatic life because of toxic properties.
Therefore, their proper discharge and economical treatment is a matter of great concern. In this context,
many enzymes have been reported to efficiently perform dye degradation. Peroxidase is one such enzyme,
which causes dye degradation either by precipitation of chemical structure of aromatic dyes or
by opening up their aromatic ring structure. The current paper focuses on the major impacts of industrial
dyes on the surrounding environment and on exploring the use of bacterial peroxidases as alternative
dye degradation compounds.

Methods:
A bacterial peroxidase was extracted from Bacillus sp. BTS-P5, a strain isolated from a soil
sample. Various process parameters were optimized for optimal degradation of ten major industrially
important dyes [Bismark Brown R (BBR), Bromophenol Blue (BB), Rhodamine B (RB), Bismark
Brown Y (BBY), Direct Violet 21 (DV), Basic Fuchsin (BF), Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBBG), Congo
Red (CR), Direct Black 154 (DB) and Methylene Blue (MB)] by bacterial peroxidase.

Results:
Basic Fuchsin showed maximum degradation of about 95% by bacterial peroxidase while the
Bromophenol Blue was least degraded (29%). Out of the ten dyes, eight dyes showed degradation over
50%.

Conclusion:
The findings of this research showed that bacterial peroxidase was efficient in dye degradation
and hence it has potential as a potent bio-degrader of industrial dyes effluent and wastewater
management.
Lumbar Intervertebral Motion in Healthy Male Participants: Protocol for a Motion Analysis During Flexion and Extension Cinematographic Recordings
Authors: Caelers Inge J M H , Boselie Toon F M , Rijkers Kim , Van Hemert Wouter L W , De Bie Rob A , Van Santbrink Henk 
Published: March 2020

Background
Physiological motion of the lumbar spine is a subject of interest for musculoskeletal health care professionals, as abnormal motion is believed to be related to lumbar conditions and complaints. Many researchers have described ranges of motion for the lumbar spine, but only a few have mentioned specific motion patterns of each individual segment during flexion and extension. These motion patterns mostly comprise the sequence of segmental initiation in sagittal rotation. However, an adequate definition of physiological motion of the lumbar spine is still lacking. The reason for this is the reporting of different ranges of motion and sequences of segmental initiation in previous studies. Furthermore, due to insufficient fields of view, none of these papers have reported on maximum flexion and extension motion patterns of L1 to S1. In the lower cervical spine, a consistent pattern of segmental contributions was recently described. In order to understand physiological motion of the lumbar spine, it is necessary to systematically study motion patterns, including the sequence of segmental contribution, of vertebrae L1 to S1 in healthy individuals during maximum flexion and extension.

Objective
This study aims to define the lumbar spines’ physiological motion pattern of vertebrae L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, and S1 by determining the sequence of segmental contribution and the sequence of segmental initiation of motion in sagittal rotation of each vertebra during maximum flexion and extension. The secondary endpoint will be exploring the possibility of analyzing the intervertebral horizontal and vertical translation of each vertebra during maximum flexion and extension.

Methods
Cinematographic recordings will be performed on 11 healthy male participants, aged 18-25 years, without a history of spine problems. Cinematographic flexion and extension recordings will be made at two time points with a minimum 2-week interval in between.

Results
The study has been approved by the local institutional medical ethical committee (Medical Research Ethics Committee of Zuyderland and Zuyd University of Applied Sciences) on September 24, 2018. Inclusion of participants will be completed in 2020.

Conclusions
If successful, these physiological motion patterns can be compared with motion patterns of patients with lumbar conditions before or after surgery. Ultimately, researchers may be able to determine differences in biomechanics that can potentially be linked to physical complaints like low back pain.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03737227; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03737227

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/14741