bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educational nurse-led telephone intervention shortly before colonoscopy as a salvage strategy after previous bowel preparation failure: a multicenter randomized trial
Authors: Alvarez-Gonzalez Marco Antonio , Pantaleón Sánchez Miguel Ángel , Bernad Cabredo Belén , García-Rodríguez Ana , Frago Larramona Santiago , Nogales Oscar , Díez Redondo Pilar , Puig del Castillo Ignasi , Romero Mascarell Cristina , Caballero Noemí , Romero Sánchez-Miguel Iván , Pérez Berbegal Rocío , Hernández Negrín Domingo , Bujedo Sadornill Gema , Pérez Oltra Alicia , Casals Urquiza Gemma , Amorós Martínez Jaume , Seoane Urgorri Agustín , Ibáñez Zafón Inés Ana , Gimeno-García Antonio Z. 
Published: August 2020

Background The most important predictor of unsuccessful bowel preparation is previous failure. For those patients with previous failure, we hypothesized that a nurse-led educational intervention by telephone shortly before the colonoscopy appointment could improve cleansing efficacy.Methods We performed a multicenter, endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Consecutive outpatients with previous inadequate bowel preparation were enrolled. Both groups received the same standard bowel preparation protocol. The intervention group also received reinforced education by telephone within 48 hours before the colonoscopy. The primary outcome was effective bowel preparation according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis included all randomized patients. Per-protocol analysis included patients who could be contacted by telephone and the control cases.Results 657 participants were recruited by 11 Spanish hospitals. In the ITT analysis, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the rate of successful bowel preparation (77.3 % vs. 72 %; P = 0.12). In the intervention group, 267 patients (82.9 %) were contacted by telephone. Per-protocol analysis revealed significantly improved bowel preparation in the intervention group (83.5 % vs. 72.0 %; P = 0.001).Conclusion Among all patients with previous inadequate bowel preparation, nurse-led telephone education did not result in a significant improvement in bowel cleansing. However, in the 83 % of patients who could be contacted, bowel preparation was substantially improved. Phone education may therefore be a useful tool for improving the quality of bowel preparation in those cases.
Auswirkungen von Umweltrisikofaktoren wie Lärm und Luftverschmutzung auf die psychische Gesundheit: Was wissen wir?
Authors: Hahad Omar , Beutel Manfred E. , Gilan Donya A. , Michal Matthias , Daiber Andreas , Münzel Thomas 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungImmer mehr Studien unterstreichen die Rolle von Lärm und Luftverschmutzung als bedeutsame Umweltrisikofaktoren. Ungeklärt ist, welche Einflüsse Lärm und Luftverschmutzung auf die psychische Gesundheit ausüben. Aktuelle Studienergebnisse zeigen, dass Umgebungslärm (vor allem Verkehrslärm) und verschiedene Bestandteile von Luftverschmutzung (vor allem Feinstaub) das Risiko für psychische Erkrankungen wie Depressionen, Angststörungen, Psychosen und Suizid erhöhen können. Pathophysiologische Mechanismen umfassen sowohl biologische (wie oxidativen Stress und Inflammation) als auch psychosoziale Faktoren (wie mentalen Stress). Umweltrisikofaktoren wie Lärm und Luftverschmutzung können einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die psychische Gesundheit ausüben. Aufgrund der teils heterogenen Studienergebnisse und der limitierten Verfügbarkeit von methodisch hochwertigen Längsschnittstudien sind zwingend weitere Untersuchungen notwendig, um tiefere Einblicke in diese Zusammenhänge zu erhalten.
Effects of Smoking Status on Remission and Metabolic and Cognitive
Outcomes in Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Clozapine
Authors: Wagner Elias , Oviedo-Salcedo Tatiana , Pelzer Nicola , Strube Wolfgang , Maurus Isabel , Gutwinski Stefan , Schreiter Stefanie , Kleymann Phillip , Morgenroth Carla-Lou , Okhuijsen-Pfeifer Cynthia , Luykx Jurjen J. , Falkai Peter , Schneider-Axmann Thomas , Hasan Alkomiet 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Even though clozapine is the recommended last-resort
antipsychotic, many patients fail to respond and show treatment-refractory
psychotic symptoms. Smoking has been suggested as a possible risk factor for
poor clozapine response, hampering remission and negatively impacting
somatic outcomes.
Methods Our aim was to test whether smoking status is associated with
remission rates and other symptomatic and somatic outcomes. We therefore
assessed remission rates according to The Remission in Schizophrenia Working
Group (RSWG) criteria, and metabolic and cognitive outcomes among patients
with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders treated with clozapine for at least 6
months. For analyses, we grouped our cohort into 3 groups according to
clozapine treatment duration (6 months, 2 years, 5 years).
Results One hundred five patients were included in our analyses and
grouped according to their clozapine treatment duration. In the 6-months
analyses, patients who smoked were significantly more likely to be younger
of age (p=0.002) despite on average shorter duration of clozapine
treatment (p=0.041) and significantly more likely to be treated with
mood-stabilizing co-medication (p=0.030) compared to nonsmokers.
Remission rates (p=0.490), as well as a set of metabolic and
cognitive variables did not differ between the 2 groups. A related pattern
could be observed for the 2- and 5-years analyses.
Conclusions Smoking behavior among clozapine-treated schizophrenia
patients might delineate a cohort with an earlier onset of the disease.
Nevertheless, most findings comparing disease-specific and clinical outcomes
among smokers and nonsmokers were negative. Further research is needed to
identify strategies to overcome insufficient remission rates in this patient
group.
Natural Polyketides Isolated from the Endophytic Fungus
Phomopsis sp. CAM212 with a Semisynthetic Derivative Downregulating
the ERK/IκBα Signaling Pathways
Authors: Jouda Jean-Bosco , Njoya Emmanuel Mfotie , Fobofou Serge Alain Tanemossu , Zhou Zong Yuan , Qiang Zhe , Mbazoa Céline Djama , Brandt Wolfgang , Zhang Guo-lin , Wandji Jean , Wang Fei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThree previously undescribed natural products, phomopsinin A – C
(1 – 3), together with three known compounds, namely,
cis-hydroxymellein (4), phomoxanthone A (5) and
cytochalasin L-696,474 (6), were isolated from the solid culture of
Phomopsis sp. CAM212, an endophytic fungus obtained from Garcinia
xanthochymus. Their structures were determined on the basis of
spectroscopic data, including IR, NMR, and MS. The absolute configurations of
1 and 2 were assigned by comparing their experimental and
calculated ECD spectra. Acetylation of compound 1 yielded 1a, a
new natural product derivative that was tested together with other isolated
compounds on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Cytochalasin
L-696,474 (6) was found to significantly inhibit nitric oxide production,
but was highly cytotoxic to the treated cells, whereas compound 1
slightly inhibited nitric oxide production, which was not significantly
different compared to lipopolysaccharide-treated cells. Remarkably, the
acetylated derivative of 1, compound 1a, significantly inhibited
nitric oxide production with an IC50 value of 14.8 µM and no
cytotoxic effect on treated cells, thereby showing the importance of the acetyl
group in the anti-inflammatory activity of 1a. The study of the mechanism
of action revealed that 1a decreases the expression of inducible nitric
oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, and proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 without an
effect on IL-1β expression. Moreover, it was found that 1a exerts
its anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7
macrophage cells by downregulating the activation of ERK1/2 and by preventing
the translocation of nuclear factor κB. Thus, derivatives of phomopsinin
A (1), such as compound 1a, could provide new anti-inflammatory
leads.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Applications of 2-Arylbenzothiazoles
Authors: Luo Puying , Gan Fuqiang , Lin Junyue , Ding Qiuping 
Published: August 2020

This review firstly covers the applications of 2-arylbenzothiazoles as amyloid imaging agents, antitumor agents, and organic luminescent materials. Then we review the recent advances in the synthesis of 2-arylbenzothiazole derivatives. On the one hand, we introduce the approaches for construction of the 2-arylbenzothiazole core, including the following categories: (i) classic condensation of 2-aminothiophenols, (ii) direct arylation of benzothiazoles, (iii) intramolecular cyclization of thiobenzanilides, and (iv) tandem cyclization of anilines/ nitroarenes­ with elemental sulfur or sulfides. On the other hand, the transition-metal-catalyzed direct C–H functionalizations of 2-aryl­benzothiazoles are also involved in this review.1	Introduction2	Applications of 2-Arylbenzothiazoles3	Construction of the 2-Arylbenzothiazole Core4	Synthesis 2-Arylbenzothiazoles via Direct C–H Functionalization5	Conclusion
Additional Heart Sounds—Part 1 (Third and Fourth Heart Sounds)
Authors: Pechetty Ramya , Nemani Lalita 
Published: August 2020

AbstractS3 is a low-pitched sound (25–50Hz) which is heard in early diastole, following the second heart sound. The following synonyms are used for it: ventricular gallop, early diastolic gallop, protodiastolic gallop, and ventricular early filling sound. The term “gallop” was first used in 1847 by Jean Baptiste Bouillaud to describe the cadence of the three heart sounds occurring in rapid succession. The best description of a third heart sound was provided by Pierre Carl Potain who described an added sound which, in addition to the two normal sounds, is heard like a bruit completing the triple rhythm of the heart (bruit de gallop). The following synonyms are used for the fourth heart sound (S4): atrial gallop and presystolic gallop. S4 is a low-pitched sound (20–30 Hz) heard in presystole, i.e., shortly before the first heart sound. This produces a rhythm classically compared with the cadence of the word “Tennessee.” One can also use the phrase “A-stiff-wall” to help with the cadence (a S4, stiff S1, wall S2) of the S4 sound.
Straws Don't Suck: Are Straws Dangerous after Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery?
Authors: Reilly Erin K. , Fastenberg Judd H. , Rabinowitz Mindy R. , Huntley Colin T. , Boon Maurits S. , Epps Gregory A. , Vimawala Swar , Chitguppi Chandala , Patel Jena , Nyquist Gurston G. , Rosen Marc R. , Evans James J. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective Patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal surgery have historically been restricted from using straws postoperatively, due to the concern that this activity generates negative pressure. The objective of this study is to evaluate the pressure dynamics in the sinonasal cavity associated with the use of a straw.
Methods Intracranial pressure catheters were placed in the nasal cavity of 20 healthy individuals. Pressure measurements were then recorded while participants drank liquids of different viscosities from a cup and from a straw. Measurements were recorded with and without subjects occluding their nose to simulate postoperative nasal obstruction.
Results The average pressure in the nasal cavity while drinking water from a cup was −0.86 cmH2O, from a straw was −1.09 cmH2O, and while occluding the nose and using a straw was −0.81 cmH2O. The average pressure in the nasal cavity while drinking a milkshake from a cup was −0.98 cmH2O, from a straw was −1.88 cmH2O, and while occluding the nose and using a straw was −1.37 cmH2O. There was no statistically significant difference in pressure measurements when comparing either task or consistency (p > 0.05).
Conclusion Straw use is not associated with the generation of significant negative pressure in the nasal cavity. The pressure generated when drinking from a straw is not significantly different from that of drinking from a cup. This data suggest that straw use may be safe for patients following endoscopic skull base surgery, but further investigation is warranted.
Inducers of the endothelial cell barrier identified through chemogenomic screening in genome-edited hPSC-endothelial cells
Authors: Roudnicky Filip , Zhang Jitao David , Kim Bo Kyoung , Pandya Nikhil J. , Lan Yanjun , Sach-Peltason Lisa , Ragelle Heloise , Strassburger Pamela , Gruener Sabine , Lazendic Mirjana , Uhles Sabine , Revelant Franco , Eidam Oliv , Sturm Gregor , Kueppers Verena , Christensen Klaus , Goldstein Leonard D. , Tzouros Manuel , Banfai Balazs , Modrusan Zora , Graf Martin , Patsch Christoph , Burcin Mark , Meyer Claas A. , Westenskow Peter D. , Cowan Chad A. 
Published: August 2020

SignificanceBlood vessels in the central nervous system possess unique barrier properties that prevent infiltration of foreign substances and allow for precise delivery of ions, molecules, and immune cells into neural networks. Barrier breakdown is associated with a host of retinal and neurological disorders but few BRB/BBB-enhancing therapies have been developed. To identify novel barrier-inducing factors, we genetically engineered a transcriptional reporter cell line with CRISPR technology for compound library screening. Using this approach, we identified compounds, including a TGF-β receptor inhibitor, RepSox, which functions in vitro to increase barrier resistance in human primary and stem cell-derived endothelial cell lines. These data may inform future therapies for BRB/BBB disorders and retinal/neurological diseases.
Plant richness, turnover, and evolutionary diversity track gradients of stability and ecological opportunity in a megadiversity center
Authors: Colville Jonathan F. , Beale Colin M. , Forest Félix , Altwegg Res , Huntley Brian , Cowling Richard M. 
Published: August 2020

Significance
What explains global patterns of diversity—environmental history or ecology? Most studies have focused on latitudinal gradients—the decline of diversity from the tropics to the poles. A problem with this is that it conflates predictions of historical and ecological hypotheses: The productive tropics have also experienced high Cenozoic biome stability. Longitudinal diversity gradients can overcome this constraint. We use a longitudinal diversity gradient in the megadiverse Cape Floristic Region to model species and evolutionary diversity in terms of Pleistocene climate stability and ecological heterogeneity. We find that biome stability is the strongest predictor of diversity measures, and argue that stability, in conjunction with measures of ecological opportunity—other than productivity—may provide a general explanation for global diversity patterns.
Geometric renormalization unravels self-similarity of the multiscale human connectome
Authors: Zheng Muhua , Allard Antoine , Hagmann Patric , Alemán-Gómez Yasser , Serrano M. Ángeles 
Published: August 2020

Significance
The architecture of the human brain underlies human behavior and is extremely complex with multiple scales interacting with one another. However, research efforts are typically focused on a single spatial scale. We explored the spatial multiscale organization of the human brain by using two high-quality datasets with connectomes at five anatomical resolutions for 84 healthy subjects. We found that the zoomed-out layers remain self-similar and that a geometric network model, where distances are not Euclidean, predicts the observations by application of a renormalization protocol. Our results prove that the same principles organize brain connectivity at different scales and lead to efficient decentralized communication. Implications extend to debates, like criticality in the brain, and applications, including tools for brain simulation.
Gaze deflection reveals how gaze cueing is tuned to extract the mind behind the eyes
Authors: Colombatto Clara , Chen Yi-Chia , Scholl Brian J. 
Published: August 2020

Significance
We report an empirical study of gaze deflection—a common experience in which you turn to look in a different direction when someone “catches” you staring at them. We show that gaze cueing (the automatic orienting of attention to locations at which others are looking) is far weaker for such displays, even when the actual eye and head movements are identical to more typical intentional gazes. This demonstrates how gaze cueing is driven by the perception of minds, not eyes, and it serves as a case study of both how social dynamics can shape visual attention in a sophisticated manner and how vision science can contribute to our understanding of common social phenomena.
The time-dependent mass of cosmological perturbations in loop quantum cosmology: Dapor–Liegener regularization
Authors: García-Quismondo Alejandro , Mena Marugán Guillermo A , Pérez Gabriel Sánchez 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work, we compute the time-dependent masses that govern the dynamics of scalar and tensor perturbations propagating on an effective flat, homogeneous, and isotropic background within the framework of loop quantum cosmology (LQC), regularized according to the procedure put forward by Dapor and Liegener. To do so, we follow the two main approaches that, in the field of LQC, lead to hyperbolic equations for the perturbations in the ultraviolet sector: the hybrid and dressed metric formalisms. This allows us to compare the masses resulting from both proposals and analyze their positivity in regimes of physical interest: the big bounce and the contracting de Sitter phase in the asymptotic past that is a defining feature of the model under consideration.
Relativistic density functional theory with finite-light-speed correction for the Coulomb interaction: a non-relativistic-reduction-based approach
Authors: Naito Tomoya , Akashi Ryosuke , Liang Haozhao , Tsuneyuki Shinji 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Breit correction, the finite-light-speed correction for the Coulomb interaction of the electron–electron interaction in

O

1
/

c

2

, is introduced to density functional theory (DFT) based on the non-relativistic reduction with the local density approximation. Using this newly developed relativistic DFT, it is found that the possible outer-most electron of lawrencium atom is the p orbital instead of the d orbital, which is consistent with the previous calculations based on wave-function theory. A possible explanation of the anomalous behavior of its first ionization energy is also given. This DFT scheme provides a practical calculation method for the study of properties of super-heavy elements.
Proton dynamics in superprotonic Rb3H(SeO4)2 crystal by broadband dielectric spectroscopy
Authors: Ławniczak Paweł , Petzelt Jan , Bovtun Viktor , Savinov Maxim , Kempa Martin , Nuzhnyy Dmitry , Pawłowski Antoni 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Broadband dielectric and AC conductivity spectra (1 Hz to 1 THz) of the superprotonic single crystal Rb3H(SeO4)2 (RHSe) along the c axis were studied in a wide temperature range 10 K < T < 475 K that covers the ferroelastic (T < 453 K) and superprotonic (T > 453 K) phases. A contribution of the interfacial electrode polarization layers was separated from the bulk electrical properties and the bulk DC conductivity was evaluated above room temperature. The phase transition to the superprotonic phase was shown to be connected with the steep but almost continuous increase in bulk DC conductivity, and with giant permittivity effects due to the enhanced bulk proton hopping and interfacial electrode polarization layers. The AC conductivity scaling analysis confirms validity of the first universality above room temperature. At low temperatures, although the conductivity was low, the frequency dependence of dielectric loss indicates no clear evidence of the nearly constant loss effect, so-called second universality. The bulk (intrinsic) dielectric properties, AC and DC conductivity of the RHSe crystal at frequencies up to 1 GHz are shown to be caused by the thermally activated proton hopping. The increase of the AC conductivity above 100 GHz could be assigned to the low-frequency wing of proton vibrational modes.
A probabilistic Takens theorem
Authors: Barański Krzysztof , Gutman Yonatan , Śpiewak Adam 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Let

X
⊂

R

N

be a Borel set, μ a Borel probability measure on X and T : X → X a locally Lipschitz and injective map. Fix

k
∈
N

strictly greater than the (Hausdorff) dimension of X and assume that the set of p-periodic points of T has dimension smaller than p for p = 1, …, k − 1. We prove that for a typical polynomial perturbation

h

̃

of a given locally Lipschitz function

h
:
X
→
R

, the k-delay coordinate map

x
↦

(

h

̃

(

x

)

,

h

̃

(

T
x

)

,
…
,

h

̃

(

T

k
−
1

x

)

)

is injective on a set of full μ-measure. This is a probabilistic version of the Takens delay embedding theorem as proven by Sauer, Yorke and Casdagli. We also provide a non-dynamical probabilistic embedding theorem of similar type, which strengthens a previous result by Alberti, Bölcskei, De Lellis, Koliander and Riegler. In both cases, the key improvements compared to the non-probabilistic counterparts are the reduction of the number of required coordinates from 2  dim  X to dim  X and using Hausdorff dimension instead of the box-counting one. We present examples showing how the use of the Hausdorff dimension improves the previously obtained results.
On singularities of stationary isometric deformations
Authors: Eberhard Peter , Hornung Peter 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Unstretchable thin elastic plates such as paper can be modelled as intrinsically flat W
2,2 isometric immersions from a domain in

R

2

into

R

3

. In previous work it has been shown that if such an isometric immersion minimizes the elastic energy, then it is smooth away from a singular set consisting of three different subsets. In the present paper, we show that each of these singular subsets can indeed occur and that regularity may indeed fail there.
Prediction of the Ki-67 marker index in hepatocellular carcinoma based on CT radiomics features
Authors: Wu Hongzhen , Han Xiaorui , Wang Zihua , Mo Lei , Liu Weifeng , Guo Yuan , Wei Xinhua , Jiang Xinqing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe noninvasive detection of tumor proliferation is of great value and the Ki-67 is a biomarker of tumor proliferation. We hypothesized that radiomics characteristics may be related to tumor proliferation. To evaluate whether computed tomography (CT) radiomics feature analyses could aid in assessing the Ki-67 marker index in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we retrospectively analyzed preoperative CT findings of 74 patients with HCC. The texture feature calculations were computed from MaZda 4.6 software, and the sequential forward selection algorithm was used as the selection method. The correlation between radiomics features and the Ki-67 marker index, as well as the difference between low Ki-67 (<10%) and high Ki-67 (≥10%) groups were evaluated. A simple logistic regression model was used to evaluate the associations between texture features and high Ki-67, and receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed on important parameters to assess the ability of radiomics characteristics to distinguish the high Ki-67 group from the low Ki-67 group. Contrast, correlation, and inverse difference moment (IDM) were significantly different (P< 0.001) between the low and high Ki-67 groups. Contrast (odds ratio [OR] = 0.957; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.926-0.990,P= 0.01) and correlation (OR = 2.5☆105; 95% CI: 7.560-8.9☆109;P= 0.019) were considered independent risk factors for combined model building with logistic regression. Angular second moment (r= −0.285,P= 0.014), contrast (r= −0.449,P< 0.001), correlation (r= 0.552,P< 0.001), IDM (r= 0.458,P< 0.001), and entropy (r= 0.285,P= 0.014) strongly correlated with the Ki-67 scores. Contrast, correlation, and the combined predictor were predictive of Ki-67 status (P< 0.001), with areas under the curve ranging from 0.777 to 0.836. The radiomics characteristics of CT have potential as biomarkers for predicting Ki-67 status in patients with HCC. These findings suggest that the radiomics features of CT might be used as a noninvasive measure of cellular proliferation in HCC.