bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and Methodological Foundations for Studying Network Mechanisms of Innovative Development in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Solodovnikov S. Y. 
Published: April 2020

The paper considers theoretical and methodological foundations for studying network mechanisms of innovative development in the Republic of Belarus and in order to reach the purpose it is necessary to specify the concept of a systematic approach in the context of the study of the indicated mechanisms and develop a methodology for conducting such investigations. Systematic and historical approaches, principles of synergetics have been used as research methods. The paper substantiates the necessity to study the network mechanisms of innovative development in the Republic of Belarus from the point of view of a systematic approach. In this case, the author has refused traditional contrast of stable, essential, regularly repeating connections and relationships in the system to random, chaotic processes, and he has proceeded from the need to consistently apply a law of hierarchical compensation, as well as taking into account such features of the development of the modern economy as the rapid evolution of network technologies, further development of the risk economy, emergence of new challenges for traditional (including old industrial) industries. This has made it possible to define a systematic approach as a se quential and comprehensive examination of an object not as isolated from external influences, but as half-closed, but with an approach to an open system in which the synergetic processes generated by evolution of network technologies, development of the risk economy, and emergence of new challenges for industrial production (including traditional ones). It has been established that a consistent and comprehensive review of the network mechanisms of innovative development in the Republic of Belarus requires not only to determine initial categories and concepts, to show general and special determining factors, genesis and development trends, but also to conduct constant monitoring aimed at identifying dynamics of needs and interests of political-economic and economic entities involved in this process, as well as material and social technologies for implementation of the needs and interests.
Geolocation Android Mobile Phones Using GSM/UMTS
Authors: Et al. Jafaar 
Published: April 2020

The proliferation of cellular network enabled users through various positioning tools to track locations, location information is being continuously captured from mobile phones, created a prototype that enables detected location based on using the two invariant models for Global Systems for Mobile (GSM) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). The smartphone application on an Android platform applies the location sensing run as a background process and the localization method is based on cell phones. The proposed application is associated with remote server and used to track a smartphone without permissions and internet. Mobile stored data location information in the database (SQLite), then transfer it into location API to obtain locations result implemented in Google Maps. Track a smartphone with fixed identifiers mostly SSN (SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Serial Number) and IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) derived from an identifying string unique to the user's device. The result located place is Moderate correct according to the (GSM) and (UMTS) cellular networks which is used for obtaining location information.
Medical career expectations of academically talented high school students: A nationwide cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Wu Hongbin , Pei Leisi , Li Shan , Jiang Cheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Academically talented high school students (ATHSSs), an exceptional cohort, are not well studied for their career expectations, especially for those with medical career expectation (MCE). Nowadays, the public perception of the medical profession is changing in China. The purpose of this study was to answer questions about ‘is medicine attractive for ATHSSs and ‘what factors affect medical career expectations (MCE) for ATHSSs’ in China. Methods: A total of 16,479 representative ATHSSs in senior three completed a questionnaire and four different academic tests. Frequency statistics showed the proportion of ATHSSs with MCE. Unpaired t-tests were performed to find out the differences in demographics, family background, and academic performance between students with and without MCE. The logit models analysis were applied to explore the potential factors that affected the MCE of this exceptional group of students. Results: ATHSSs with MCE accounted for 20.6% (ranking 7/18) of the respondents. They were more likely to be female, came from relatively poorer families, lived in a rural area, and performed significantly worse in all academic tests except for mathematics, compared with those without MCE. In addition, the results revealed that gender (β=-0.436, p<0.01), region of hometown (β=-103, p<0.1), mother’s years of schooling (β=-0.019, p<0.05), and father’s occupational status (β=-0.005, p<0.01) contributed significantly to the MCE of academically talented students. Better performance in mathematics affected the MCE of ATHSSs taking the liberal arts and science tests differently. Conclusions: We found the medical career is becoming unattractive to academically talented students and the medical career may be loosing their aura in China. Students who have medical career expectations are likely to be females and to have a weak family background. We discuss implications for medical education.
Three-hour post-ERCP amylase level: a useful indicator for early prediction of post-ERCP pancreatitis
Authors: Lv Ze-Hui , Kou Da-Qing , Guo Shi-Bin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : To evaluate the value of the 3-hour post-ERCP serum amylase level for early prediction of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP).
Method:
A study of 206 patients performed ERCP was analysed. The patients with PEP were recorded. ROC curves were used to statistically analyze the data.

Results : PEP occurred in 21 patients (10.19%). The 3-hour post-ERCP pancreatic amylase level was used as the test variable, and the PEP occurrence as the state variable to plot ROC curve. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.816 , and was statistically significant (P<0.001). The standard error (SE) was 0.0507, the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 0.756-0.866, and the optimal cut-off value was 351U/L (sensitivity 76.19%, specificity 83.24%, positive likelihood ratio 4.55, negative likelihood ratio 0.29, Youden index 59.43%). The ROC curves were plotted for both serum amylase and lipase respectively. The areas under the ROC curves were statistically significant(P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve for the 3-hour post-ERCP lipase was 0.778, the 95% confidence interval was 0.673-0.862, and optimal cut-off value was 1834 U/L. The area under the ROC curve for the 3-hour post-ERCP serum amylase was 0.780, and the 95% confidence interval was 0.676-0.864. The optimal cut-off is 380U/L, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two for diagnostic accuracy. According to gender, there was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy. In the male group, 436 U/L serum amylase provided the greatest diagnostic accuracy with sensitivity(SE) of 70.5%, specificity(SP) of 89.2%, positive predictive value (PPV) 87.5%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 78.1%. Whereas, in the female group, 357U/L serum amylase provided the greatest diagnostic accuracy with sensitivity of 76.9%, specificity of 81.2%, positive predictive value of 80.4%, negative predictive value of 77.9%.

Conclusions: 1. The 3-hour post-ERCP serum amylase level is a useful measurement for predicting post-ERCP pancreatitis. 2. There was no significant difference between serum amylase and lipase 3-hour post-ERCP for predicting PEP. 3. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female using the 3-hour post-ERCP serum amylase level to predict PEP.
Genome-wide analysis of Myo-inositol oxygenase gene family in tomato reveals their involvement in ascorbic acid accumulation
Authors: Munir Shoaib , Mumtaz Muhammad Ali , Ahiakpa John Kojo , Liu Genzhong , Chen Weifang , Zhou Guolin , Zheng Wei , Ye Zhibiao , Zhang Yuyang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C, AsA) is an antioxidant metabolite involved in plant development and environmental stimuli. AsA biosynthesis has been well studied in plants, and MIOX is a critical enzyme in plants AsA biosynthesis pathway. However, Myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) gene family members and their involvement in AsA biosynthesis and response to abiotic stress remain unclear.
Results
In this study, five tomato genes encoding MIOX proteins and possessing MIOX motifs were identified. Structural analysis and distribution mapping showed that 5 MIOX genes contain different intron/exon patterns and unevenly distributed among four chromosomes. Besides, expression analyses indicated the remarkable expression of SlMIOX genes in different plant tissues. Furthermore, transgenic lines were obtained by over-expression of the MIOX4 gene in tomato. The overexpression lines showed a significant increase in total ascorbate in leaves and red fruits compared to control. Expression analysis revealed that increased accumulation of AsA in MIOX4 overexpression lines is possible as a consequence of the multiple genes involved in AsA biosynthesis. Myo inositol (MI) feeding in leaf and fruit implied that the Myo-inositol pathway improved the AsA biosynthesis in leaves and fruits. MIOX4 overexpression lines exhibited abetter light response, abiotic stress tolerance, and AsA biosynthesis capacity.
Conclusions
These results showed that MIOX4 transgenic lines contribute to AsA biosynthesis, evident as better light response and improved oxidative stress tolerance. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of the MIOX gene family and their involvement in ascorbate biosynthesis in tomato.
Effects of Date Fruit (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) on Labor and Delivery Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Karimi Alireza Bagherzadeh , Elmi Asghar , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Navid Roghyeh Baghervand 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : The rate of cesarean section is increasing in all over the world with different drafts in various countries. This growth increases unpleasant outcomes of delivery. Recent studies explained the benefits of date palm fruit on labor process improvement. Date fruit can be considered as a factor for increasing vaginal delivery and also reducing the frequency of caesarean section in order to prevent its great complications. This systematic review has been designed to review clinical studies that investigate the effects of date palm fruit on labor outcomes (duration of labor stages, bishop score, and frequency of cesarean section) compared with routine cares.
Methods : This study was performed in 2019. Required data has been collected from electronic databases and manual searches. All randomized clinical trials evaluating the effects of date palm fruit on labor and delivery that were published from January 2000 to August 2019 in English and Persian languages, were incorporated in this systematic review. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated according to the risk of bias assessment of Cochrane handbook of systematic reviews, and were then reported using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement.
Results : Eight studies were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. Meta-Analysis showed that date fruit consumption can significantly reduce active phase of labor (three trials with 380 participants; (MD= -109.3, 95%CI (-196.32, -22.29; I 2 =89%), P=0.01), and also it can significantly improve the bishop score (two trials with 320 participants; MD = 2.45, 95%CI (1.87, 3.04; I 2 =0%), P<0.00001). Date fruit consumption had no effects on the duration of first, second, and third stages of labor, and the frequency of cesarean section.
Conclusion : Date can reduce the duration of active phase and improve the bishop score; however, due to from the low to mediate quality of the studies; it seems that the other studies are needed to prove these results better than this.
Key words : Date Palm, Date fruit, Phoenix dactiylifera, Delivery, Labor, Systematic review, Meta-analysis.
Development of a reliable method to diagnose Streptococcus agalactiae infection by droplet digital PCR
Authors: Guo Xu-Guang , Zeng Yi-Fan , Chen Chu-Mao , Li Xiao-Yan , Chen Jun-Jiang , Wang Yan-Ge , Ouyang Shi , Ji Tian-Xing , Xia Yong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) is the causative pathogen of puerperal sepsis in pregnant women and meningitis in infants. Infection of GBS is responsible for the increased morbidity in pregnant women and the elderly, and bring challenges to clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, culture-based approaches to detect S.agalactiae is time-consuming with limited sensitivity. Besides, real-time quantitative PCR demand for expensive instruments with tedious steps. Thus, we aim to establish a new detection method for more accurate and rapid detection of S.agalactiae.Results: The ddPCR primer targeted the CspE gene showed a better amplified efficiency in the reaction. The limitation of ddPCR for identifying GBS DNA was able to reach 5 pg/µL. Moreover, no positive amplified signals could be detected in the reactions which served 11 non-GBS strains DNA as templates. Furthermore, the coefficient of variation of this method is 4.5%, indicating an excellent repeatability of ddPCR assay.Conclusions: In our study, ddPCR was performed as a rapid detection of S.agalactiae with high sensitivity and specificity. This technique can promote the accuracy of the diagnosis of GBS infection and provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment.
The association between kidney function decline and hearing loss: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Wenwen , Meng Qinqin , Wang Yafeng , Yang Chao , Liu Lili , Wang Huaiyu , Su Zaiming , Kong Guilan , Zhao Yaohui , Zhang Luxia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The relationship between kidney function and hearing loss has long been recognized, but evidence of this association mostly comes from small observational studies or other populations. The aim of this study is to explore the association between kidney function decline and hearing loss in a large population-based study among the middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Methods: Data collected from the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015 were used for analysis. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 12508 participants aged 45 years and older. Hearing loss, the outcome of this study, was defined according to interviewees’ responses to three survey questions related to hearing in the CHARLS. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was employed to assess kidney function, and participants were classified into three categories based on eGFR: ≥90, 60-89 and <60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 . Multivariable logistic regression was employed to adjust for potential confounders, including demographics, health-related behaviors, and cardiovascular risk factors. Results: The overall prevalence of self-reported hearing loss in the study population was 23.55%. Compared with participants with eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m 2 , participants with eGFR of 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00–1.23) and eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.04–1.49) showed increased risk of hearing loss after adjusting for potential confounders. Conclusions: Kidney function decline is independently associated with hearing loss. Testing for hearing should be included in the integrated management of patients with chronic kidney disease.
All-trans retinoic acid reduces cancer stem cell-like cell-mediated resistance to gefitinib in NSCLC adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Yao Wenxiu , Wang Liyang , Huang Huan , Li Xin , Wang Pinjia , Mi Kun , Cheng Jia , Liu Huifen , Gu Cuirong , Huang Lingxiao , Huang Jianming 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The enrichment of cancer stem cell-like cells (CSCs) has been considered to be responsible for tumor progression after an initial response to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in patients with non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma (NSCLC/ADC). CSCs with ALDH1A1 bright /CD44 high expression contribute to the TKIs resistance in NSCLC/ADC cells. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been shown to be a potential targeted therapy against CSCs due to its ability to inhibit ALDH1A1 activity. We therefore investigated whether ATRA could circumvent the resistance to improve the response to gefitinib in NSCLC/ADC cells.
Methods: Treatment of NSCLC/ADC A549 and H1650 cells with gefitinib enriched the gefitinib surviving cells (GSCs). The expression of ALDH1A1 and CD44 and the IC50 values for gefitinib were determined by flow cytometry ( FCM ) and crystal violet assay in GSCs and ATRA-treated GSCs, respectively. Using DEAB as the positive control, direct inhibitory effect of ATRA on ALDH1A1 activity was determined by ALDEFLUOR assay.
Results: GSCs showed higher expression of ALDH1A1 and CD44 and IC50 values for gefitinib than their respective parental cells, suggesting that gefitinib can lead to propagation of CSC-enriched gefitinib-resistant cells. Treatment with ATRA was found to significantly reduce the increased expression of ALDH1A1 and CD44 and the IC50 values for gefitinib in A549GSC and H1650GSC cells, and ATRA could directly inhibit active ALDH1A1 as compared to DEAB.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that combination treatment with ATRA prevents gefitinib-induced enrichment of ALDH1A1 bright /CD44 high CSCs and enhances gefitinib-induced growth inhibition of NSCLC/ADC cells.
Key words : All-trans retinoic acid, ALDH1A1, CD44, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma
The exopolysaccharide–eDNA interaction modulates 3D architecture of Bacillus subtilis biofilm
Authors: Peng Na , Cai Peng , Mortimer Monika , Wu Yichao , Gao Chunhui , Huang Qiaoyun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Bacterial biofilms are a surface-adherent microbial community in which individual cells are surrounded by a self-produced extracellular matrix of polysaccharides, extracellular DNA (eDNA) and proteins. Interactions among matrix components within the biofilms are responsible for creating an adaptable structure during biofilm development. However, it is unclear how the interaction among matrix components contributes to the construction of the three-dimensional (3D) biofilm architecture.

Results

DNase I treatment could significantly inhibit B. subtilis biofilm formation in early phases. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and image analysis revealed that eDNA was cooperative with EPS in early stages of B. subtilis biofilm development, while EPS played a major structural role in the later stages. In addition, deletion of EPS production gene epsG in B. subtilis SBE1 resulted in loss of the interaction between EPS and eDNA, and reduction of biofilm biomass in pellicles at air-liquid interface. The physical interaction between these two essential biofilm matrix components was confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC).

Conclusions

The biofilm 3D structures become interconnected through surrounding eDNA and EPS. eDNA interacts with EPS in the early phases of biofilm development, while EPS mainly participates in the maturation of biofilm. The findings of this study provide better understanding of the role of interaction between eDNA and EPS in shaping the biofilm 3D matrix structure and biofilm formation.
3’UTR Polymorphism of Thymidylate Synthase gene increased the risk of persistence of pre-neoplastic cervical lesions
Authors: Silva Nayara Nascimento Toledo , Santos Ana Carolina Silva , Nogueira Verlândia Mendes , Carneiro Cláudia Martins , Lima Angelica Alves 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is caused by high-risk Human Papillomavirus (hr-HPV) infection associated with cofactors that has been analyzed as predictors of the remission or persistence of cytological abnormalities remission or persistence. These cofactors can be either environmental, epigenetic, or genetic. Polymorphism in genes of enzymes that act on one-carbon metabolism alter their activity and also may be associated with cervical carcinogenesis because they affect DNA synthesis and repair, and gene expression. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the risk of persistence of pre-neoplastic cervical lesions according to genetic polymorphisms involved in one-carbon metabolism. Methods: Our sample consisted of 106 women, divided into two groups – Remission (n=60), i.e., with the presence of pre-neoplastic lesions at first meeting (T1) and normal cytology after six months of follow-up (T2), and Persistence (n=46), i.e., with the presence of pre-neoplastic lesions at T1 and T2. We obtained cervical samples for cytological analysis (T1 and T2), HPV detection (T1), and evaluation of polymorphism C667T of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR C677T), A2756G of Methionine Synthase (MS A2756G), A66G of Methionine Synthase Reductase (MTRR A66G), double or triple 28 bp tandem repeat in 5’-untranslated enhanced region of Thymidylate Synthase (TSER), and 6 bp deletion at nucleotide1494 in TS 3’-untranslated region (TS3’UTR). To analyze all genetic polymorphisms simultaneously, we calculated the Genetic Risk Score (GRS). Results: We observed no differences between the Remission and Persistence groups regarding the GRS. Also, there were no differences in the genotypic and allelic distribution of MTHFR C677T and MS A2756G polymorphisms. However, the risk of persistence was higher among women with the heterozygote genotype - ins/del [OR (IC95%): 3.22 (1.19 – 8.69), p=0.021], or the polymorphic genotype – del/del [OR (IC95%): 6.50 (1.71 – 24.70), p=0.006] of TS3’UTR. Conclusions: The presence of the TS3’UTR polymorphism increased the risk of persistence of cervical abnormalities. This genetic variant could be a potential marker of cervical carcinogenesis and therefore assist the follow-up of women with persistent pre-neoplastic cervical lesions.