bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual differences in the encoding of contextual details following acute stress: An explorative study
Authors: Sep Milou S. C. , Joëls Marian , Geuze Elbert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractInformation processing under stressful circumstances depends on many experimental conditions, like the information valence or the point in time at which brain function is probed. This also holds true for memorizing contextual details (or ‘memory contextualization’). Moreover, large interindividual differences appear to exist in (context‐dependent) memory formation after stress, but it is mostly unknown which individual characteristics are essential. Various characteristics were explored from a theory‐driven and data‐driven perspective, in 120 healthy men. In the theory‐driven model, we postulated that life adversity and trait anxiety shape the stress response, which impacts memory contextualization following acute stress. This was indeed largely supported by linear regression analyses, showing significant interactions depending on valence and time point after stress. Thus, during the acute phase of the stress response, reduced neutral memory contextualization was related to salivary cortisol level; moreover, certain individual characteristics correlated with memory contextualization of negatively valenced material: (a) life adversity, (b) α‐amylase reactivity in those with low life adversity and (c) cortisol reactivity in those with low trait anxiety. Better neutral memory contextualization during the recovery phase of the stress response was associated with (a) cortisol in individuals with low life adversity and (b) α‐amylase in individuals with high life adversity. The data‐driven Random Forest‐based variable selection also pointed to (early) life adversity—during the acute phase—and (moderate) α‐amylase reactivity—during the recovery phase—as individual characteristics related to better memory contextualization. Newly identified characteristics sparked novel hypotheses about non‐anxious personality traits, age, mood and states during retrieval of context‐related information.
Transcriptional and signalling regulation of skin epithelial stem cells in homeostasis, wounds and cancer
Authors: Guan Yinglu , Yang Youn Joo , Nagarajan Priyadharsini , Ge Yejing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe epidermis and skin appendages are maintained by their resident epithelial stem cells, which undergo long‐term self‐renewal and multilineage differentiation. Upon injury, stem cells are activated to mediate re‐epithelialization and restore tissue function. During this process, they often mount lineage plasticity and expand their fates in response to damage signals. Stem cell function is tightly controlled by transcription machineries and signalling transductions, many of which derail in degenerative, inflammatory and malignant dermatologic diseases. Here, by describing both well‐characterized and newly emerged pathways, we discuss the transcriptional and signalling mechanisms governing skin epithelial homeostasis, wound repair and squamous cancer. Throughout, we highlight common themes underscoring epithelial stem cell plasticity and tissue‐level crosstalk in the context of skin physiology and pathology.
LRP1/CD91 is highly expressed in monocytes from patients with vitiligo – even after repigmentation
Authors: Piquero‐Casals Jaime , Martínez‐Martínez Laura , Alomar Agustín , Rozas‐Muñoz Eduardo , Juarez Candido , Puig Luis 
Published: November 2020

AbstractVitiligo pathophysiology is mediated by antigen‐specific cytotoxic T cells. Environmental stressors cause susceptible melanocytes to secrete damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). DAMPs are recognized by receptors such as the endocytic low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein (LRP1/CD91), expressed in antigen‐presenting cells, which activate self‐reactive CD8+ T cells, leading to melanocyte destruction. Within this response, interferon gamma triggers production of cytokine CXCL10, recruiting more activated T cells causing further melanocytic damage. We hypothesized that expression of LRP1/CD91 was higher in vitiligo patients compared to non‐vitiligo individuals. And further that levels/expression of CXCL10 in plasma were linked to disease severity. We enrolled forty individuals in this study: 18 patients with vitiligo and 22 healthy volunteers. We assessed LRP1/CD91 expression and plasma CXCL10 in patients with vitiligo and healthy volunteers. Additionally, vitiligo patients received combined treatment for 16 weeks following which the said parameters were reassessed. Vitiligo Area Scoring Index was calculated before and after treatment for these patients. Analysis of LRP1/CD91 MFI values in monocytes from vitiligo patients showed high surface levels of LRP1/CD91 than from healthy volunteers (10.50 ± 0.77 vs. 6.55 ± 0.77 MFI units, p < 0.001). This expression did not change after treatment. Plasma levels of CXCL10 were higher in vitiligo patients than healthy volunteers (93.78 ± 7.73 vs. 40.17 ± 6.25 pg/ml). The patients with a good clinical response to treatment had a parallel reduction in plasma CXCL10 levels (105.8 ± 18.44 vs. 66.13 ± 4.87 pg/ml) before and after treatment. LRP1/CD91 expression may reflect susceptibility to vitiligo. Plasma levels of CXCL10 can represent a biomarker for monitoring treatment response. LRP1 and CXCL10 may represent therapeutic targets.
Down‐regulation of dual‐specificity phosphatase 6, a negative regulator of oncogenic ERK signaling, by ACA‐28 induces apoptosis in NIH/3T3 cells overexpressing HER2/ErbB2
Authors: Kanda Yuki , Mizuno Ayami , Takasaki Teruaki , Satoh Ryosuke , Hagihara Kanako , Masuko Takashi , Endo Yuichi , Tanabe Genzoh , Sugiura Reiko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDual‐specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) is a key negative feedback regulator of the member of the RAS‐ERK MAPK signaling pathway that is associated with cellular proliferation and differentiation. Deterioration of DUSP6 expression could therefore result in deregulated growth activity. We have previously discovered ACA‐28, a novel anticancer compound with a unique property to stimulate ERK phosphorylation and induce apoptosis in ERK‐active melanoma cells. However, the mechanism of cancer cell‐specific‐apoptosis by ACA‐28 remains obscure. Here, we investigated the involvement of DUSP6 in the mechanisms of the ACA‐28‐mediated apoptosis by using the NIH/3T3 cells overexpressing HER2/ErbB2 (A4‐15 cells), as A4‐15 exhibited higher ERK phosphorylation and are more susceptible to ACA‐28 than NIH/3T3. We showed that A4‐15 exhibited high DUSP6 protein levels, which require ERK activation. Notably, the silencing of the DUDSP6 gene by siRNA inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in A4‐15, but not in NIH/3T3, indicating that A4‐15 requires high DUSP6 expression for growth. Importantly, ACA‐28 preferentially down‐regulated the DUSP6 protein and proliferation in A4‐15 via the proteasome, while it stimulated ERK phosphorylation. Collectively, the up‐regulation of DUSP6 may exert a growth‐promoting role in cancer cells overexpressing HER2. DUSP6 down‐regulation in ERK‐active cancer cells might have the potential as a novel cancer measure.
Histological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma with uncommon actionable alterations: special emphasis on MET exon 14 skipping alterations
Authors: Hayashi Takuo , Kohsaka Shinji , Takamochi Kazuya , Kishikawa Satsuki , Ikarashi Daiki , Sano Kei , Hara Kieko , Onagi Hiroko , Suehara Yoshiyuki , Takahashi Fumiyuki , Saito Tsuyoshi , Nakatsura Tetsuya , Kitano Shigehisa , Suzuki Kenji , Yao Takashi 
Published: November 2020

AimsIn the evolving era of precision medicine, increasing emphasis is placed on detecting molecular alterations driving the development of specific cancers and targeting them with matched therapies that can yield the best outcomes for patients. Lung adenocarcinomas with uncommon actionable alterations, including MET exon 14 skipping (METex14), ERBB2 and BRAF mutations, are rare and poorly characterised cancers.Methods and resultsTo more clearly understand the histopathological features of lung adenocarcinoma with uncommon actionable alterations, we compared the histological features of 678 cases with mitogenic driver alterations from 996 surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas. Genomic data from our cohort revealed METex14, ERBB2 and BRAF mutations in 13, 16 and 15 cases, respectively. Patients who had lung adenocarcinoma with METex14 were often elderly females. Histological features such as clear cell features (23%), hyaline globules (31%) and nuclear pleomorphism (39%) were the most frequently identified in METex14‐positive cases; among those, three cases (23%) had tumour cells with bizarre giant or multilobulated nuclei. Additionally, the micropapillary pattern was the most frequently identified in ERBB2‐mutated lung adenocarcinoma (31%). Lung adenocarcinoma with BRAF mutations tended to be less invasive, and the BRAF V600E mutation was identified in only one case with lepidic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, all METex14, ERBB2 and BRAF‐positive tumours, except for invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma, were positive for thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF‐1).ConclusionsOur data from Japanese patients showed that lung adenocarcinoma with METex14 had unique clinicopathological characteristics: tumour cells with marked nuclear pleomorphism, hyaline globules and expression of TTF‐1 in elderly women who never or lightly smoked.
Environmental impact estimation of ceramic lightweight aggregates production starting from residues
Authors: Barbieri Luisa , Bigi Alessandro , Andreola Fernanda , Lancelotti Isabella , Ghermandi Grazia , Teresa Cotes Palomino Maria , Martínez García Carmen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWithin a circular economy approach, this study investigates the environmental impact of lightweight aggregates (LWAs) produced starting from different mixes of different clays with brewery sludge and cattle bone flour ash (CBA), used as poring and fertilizing agents, respectively. The environmental impact was evaluated by means of release tests, insulation capacity, carbon footprint (CFP), and particulate matter emission during pellet firing. Release tests representative of LWAs realistic application showed very high release of phosphate and satisfactory release of potassium. The thermal insulation of the LWAs was tested by thermal imaging camera and resulted highly variable depending on the composition, with the mix containing CBA performing best. This latter composition leads also to the smallest CO2 equivalent emission, due to the calorific power of CBA, allowing lower consumption of fossil fuels during the LWA production. Finally, total particulate emissions during the thermal treatment resulted similar in terms of mass for all mixes, while differences in terms of particle morphology and composition occurred. Samples containing residue resulted with a quite good release behavior, CFP, and insulation properties, but higher emission of particles, particularly when glass is added.
Effect of physicochemical characteristics on the use of clays from Kindia (Guinea) in ceramic compositions
Authors: Balde Mamadou Yaya , Njiomou Djangang Chantale , Bah Aissatou , Blanchart Philippe , Njopwouo Daniel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo evaluate their potential uses in ceramic compositions, two different types of abundant clays from Kindia (Guinea Conakry), denoted ABD and ARD, were characterized with the chemical and mineralogical compositions, the specific surface area, the plasticity index, the particle size distribution, and the thermal behavior. Kaolinite and muscovite are the main clay minerals that are identified. Besides, non‐plastic minerals are large amount of quartz with a small particles size, goethite, hematite, anatase, and a small quantity of gibbsite. The two clays have a high plasticity index that is consistent with the small particle size and the broad size distribution. During heating, the fluxing behavior of the two clays induces a significant densification that is favored by the muscovite mineral combined with the reactive fine quartz. Besides, the firing shrinkage is limited to values of 4.5% and 3.5% for ABD and ARD respectively. In the objective of manufacturing ceramics, the two clays present the required properties. They present a sufficient plastic index in the green state, and after firing they lead to dense ceramics with an interesting bright color. The limited firing shrinkage is favorable to maintain the dimensional stability of vitrified ceramics as porcelain.
International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) laboratory guidance for the evaluation of haemostasis analyser‐reagent test systems. Part 1: Instrument‐specific issues and commonly used coagulation screening tests
Authors: Gardiner Chris , Coleman Robyn , de Maat Moniek P. M. , Dorgalaleh Akbar , Echenagucia Marión , Gosselin Robert C. , Ieko Masahiro , Kitchen Steve 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBefore a new method is used for clinical testing, it is essential that it is evaluated for suitability for its intended purpose. This document gives guidance for the performance of verification, validation and implementation processes required by regulatory and accreditation bodies. It covers the planning and execution of an evaluation of the commonly performed screening tests (prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time and fibrinogen assay), and instrument‐specific issues. Advice on selecting an appropriate haemostasis analyser, planning the evaluation, and assessing the reference, interval, precision, accuracy, and comparability of a haemostasis test system are also given. A second companion document will cover specialist haemostasis testing.
MXene‐derived TiC/SiBCN ceramics with excellent electromagnetic absorption and high‐temperature resistance
Authors: Ding Jinxue , Chen Fengbo , Chen Jianxin , Liang Jin , Kong Jie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDemand for high‐performance electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials with high‐temperature resistance is always urgent for application in a harsh environment. In this contribution, two‐dimensional material, Ti3C2Tx MXene, was introduced into a hyperbranched polyborosilazane. After pyrolyzation, the as‐prepared TiC/SiBCN ceramics present excellent EM wave absorption in X‐band. The TiC nanograins appearing after annealing provide multilevel reflection and interface polarization. Dipole polarization formed at interface defects, in company with interfacial polarization, also makes a great contribution to enhanced EM wave absorption. The TiC/SiBCN nanocomplex prepared with 5 wt% Ti3C2Tx MXene possesses a minimum reflection coefficient of −45.44 dB at 10.93 GHz and abroad bandwidth 8.4 and 12.4 GHz, almost covering the entire X‐band. Tuning the thickness in the range of 2.35‐2.54 mm, the effective absorption band can achieve the entire X‐band. And the EM wave absorbing performance has been maintained to a large extent at 600°C with the minimum reflection coefficient of −26.12 dB at 12.13 GHz and the effective absorption bandwidth of 2 GHz. Last but not the least, TiC/SiBCN ceramics offer a good thermal stability in argon as well as in air atmosphere, making it possible to serve in high‐temperature detrimental environments. This study is expected to provide a new perspective for the design of high‐performance absorbing materials that are able to be used in harsh environments, especially in high temperatures.
Group‐randomized trial of tailored brief shared decision‐making to improve asthma control in urban black adults
Authors: George Maureen , Bruzzese Jean‐Marie , (Lynn) S. Sommers Marilyn , Pantalon Michael V. , Jia Haomiao , Rhodes Joseph , Norful Allison A. , Chung Annie , Chittams Jesse , Coleman Danielle , Glanz Karen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo assess the intervention effects of BREATHE (BRief intervention to Evaluate Asthma THErapy), a novel brief shared decision‐making intervention and evaluate feasibility and acceptability of intervention procedures.DesignGroup‐randomized longitudinal pilot study.MethodsIn total, 80 adults with uncontrolled persistent asthma participated in a trial comparing BREATHE (N = 40) to a dose‐matched attention control intervention (N = 40). BREATHE is a one‐time shared decision‐making intervention delivered by clinicians during routine office visits. Ten clinicians were randomized and trained on BREATHE or the control condition. Participants were followed monthly for 3 months post‐intervention. Data were collected from December 2017 – May 2019 and included surveys, lung function tests, and interviews.ResultsParticipants were Black/multiracial (100%) mostly female (83%) adults (mean age 45). BREATHE clinicians delivered BREATHE to all 40 participants with fidelity based on expert review of audiorecordings. While the control group reported improvements in asthma control at 1‐month and 3‐month follow‐up, only BREATHE participants had better asthma control at each timepoint (β = 0.77; standard error (SE)[0.17]; p ≤ 0.0001; β = 0.71; SE[0.16]; p ≤ 0.0001; β = 0.54; SE[0.15]; p = .0004), exceeding the minimally important difference. BREATHE participants also perceived greater shared decision‐making occurred during the intervention visit (β = 7.39; SE[3.51]; p = .03) and fewer symptoms at follow‐up (e.g., fewer nights woken, less shortness of breath and less severity of symptoms) than the controls. Both groups reported improved adherence and fewer erroneous medication beliefs.ConclusionBREATHE is a promising brief tailored intervention that can be integrated into office visits using clinicians as interventionists. Thus, BREATHE offers a pragmatic approach to improving asthma outcomes and shared decision‐making in a health disparity population.ImpactThe study addressed the important problem of uncontrolled asthma in a high‐risk vulnerable population. Compared with the dose‐matched attention control condition, participants receiving the novel brief tailored shared decision‐making intervention had significant improvements in asthma outcomes and greater perceived engagement in shared decision‐making. Brief interventions integrated into office visits and delivered by clinicians may offer a pragmatic approach to narrowing health disparity gaps. Future studies where other team members (e.g., office nurses, social workers) are trained in shared decision‐making may address important implementation science challenges as it relates to adoption, maintenance, and dissemination.Trail registrationclinicaltrials.gov # NCT03300752.
Nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia near the end of life: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Barrado‐Martín Yolanda , Hatter Lee , Moore Kirsten J. , Sampson Elizabeth L. , Rait Greta , Manthorpe Jill , Smith Christina H. , Nair Pushpa , Davies Nathan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo synthesize the qualitative evidence of the views and experiences of people living with dementia, family carers, and practitioners on practice related to nutrition and hydration of people living with dementia who are nearing end of life.DesignSystematic review and narrative synthesis of qualitative studies.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL.Review methodsDatabases were searched for qualitative studies from January 2000‐February 2020. Quantitative studies, or studies reporting on biological mechanisms, assessments, scales or diagnostic tools were excluded. Results were synthesized using a narrative synthesis approach with thematic analysis.ResultsTwenty studies were included; 15 explored the views of practitioners working with people living with dementia in long‐term care settings or in hospitals. Four themes were developed: challenges of supporting nutrition and hydration; balancing the views of all parties involved with ‘the right thing to do’; national context and sociocultural influences; and strategies to support nutrition and hydration near the end of life in dementia.ConclusionThe complexity of supporting nutrition and hydration near the end of life for someone living with dementia relates to national context, lack of knowledge, and limited planning while the person can communicate.ImpactThis review summarizes practitioners and families’ experiences and highlights the need to include people living with dementia in studies to help understand their views and preferences about nutrition and hydration near the end of life; and those of their families supporting them in the community. The review findings are relevant to multidisciplinary teams who can learn from strategies to help with nutrition and hydration decisions and support.
Incidence and risk factors of symptomatic thrombosis related to peripherally inserted central catheter in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Chen Pei , Wan Guangming , Zhu Bingqian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo determine the incidence and risk factors associated with peripherally inserted central catheter‐related thrombosis (PICC‐RT) in patients with lung cancer.DesignA retrospective cross‐sectional design.MethodsPatients with lung cancer receiving PICC insertion during 1 March 2014‐31 May 2019 at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China were enrolled (N = 748). Symptomatic PICC‐RT was confirmed by Doppler ultrasonography in the presence of clinical symptoms and signs. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors of symptomatic PICC‐RT.ResultsAmong the patients (mean age, 60.7 years; males, 67.1%), 55 (7.35%) had symptomatic PICC‐RT. Based on the multivariate analysis, history of smoking [OR 2.49 (1.13–5.46), p < .05], use of Carboplatin [OR 2.23 (1.19–4.17), p < .05] or Docetaxel [OR 7.23 (1.65–31.56), p < .05], PICC size [OR 3.52 (1.78–6.99), p < .001], and level of D‐dimer [OR 5.32 (2.39–11.83), p < .001] were significant risk factors of PICC‐RT.ConclusionSeveral modifiable factors (e.g., PICC size and level of D‐dimer) were related to PICC‐RT. In the future, prospective studies are warranted to examine whether those factors could increase the risk of PICC‐RT. Meanwhile, healthcare professionals are recommended to perform a comprehensive assessment of the patients receiving PICC insertion. Close attention should be paid to those at risk for PICC‐RT.ImpactIdentification of risk factors associated with PICC‐RT is an important step towards individualizing the care plan for patients receiving PICC. Our findings provided evidence for the management of PICC‐RT in patients with lung cancer. In clinical practice, nurses could deliver appropriate interventions against modifiable risk factors to reduce the risk of PICC‐RT.