bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous process of aerobic biodegradation of beet molasses vinasse: focus on betaine removal
Authors: Ryznar-Luty Agnieszka , Cibis Edmund , Krzywonos Małgorzata , Lutosławski Krzysztof 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We analyzed the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and pH control of beet molasses vinasse on the efficiency of its continuous aerobic biodegradation with a mixed culture of Bacillus bacteria. Two experimental series were conducted in a 2-L stirred-tank reactor, at an aeration rate of 1 vvm, stirrer speed of 900 rpm, and temperature of 36 °C. The first series was run without medium pH control, whereas the other with pH maintained at 8.0. In both series, HRTs were 26, 47, and 78 h, whereas vinasse pH was raised to 8.0. The extent of its treatment via aerobic biodegradation depended on betaine assimilation phenomenon. High removal of pollutants (over 84%) expressed by the SCODsum index (SCODsum = soluble COD determined with the dichromatic method + theoretical COD of betaine) was achieved at HRTs of 47 and 78 h, whereas medium pH control had no explicit effect on biodegradation efficiency.
Targeted therapy in lung cancer—ASCO 2019 update
Authors: Wass Romana E. , Lang David , Lamprecht Bernd , Studnicka Michael 
Published: November 2019

Summary
New targeted therapies for patients with non small cell lung cancer were presented at this year’s ASCO. EGFR exon 20 insertions might soon be treatable with TAK-788, which showed an objective response rate (ORR) of between 25 and 56% with a disease control rate (DCR) between 67 and 100% depending on the presence or absence of brain metastases at baseline. Capmatinib and tepotinib showed durable responses in MET exon 14 mutations as presented in the phase II GEOMETRY trial and the VISION trial. The median duration of response (DOR) was 9.7 months with a median progression free survival (PFS) of 5.42 months in pretreated patients and 11.14 months respective 9.6 months in those receiving capmatinib in the frontline setting. Tepotinib showed similar results with a median DOR of 12.4 months and a DCR of 66.7%. For RET-fusion lung cancer the well tolerated RET inhibitor BLU-667 has already been granted breakthrough therapy designation. Among previously treated patients an ORR of 58% and a DCR of 96% was reported. The median duration of response had not yet been reached, with many patients continuing to respond for longer than 24 months. For the large and hard-to-treat group of patients with KRAS-mutated lung cancer, early data on the covalent irreversible inhibitor of the KRASG12C-mutant kinase AMG 510 were presented. In pretreated patients AMG 510 achieved a 50% response rate, with a duration of treatment from 7.3 to 27.4 weeks. Furthermore, AMG 510 has been safe and well tolerated at dose levels tested in 35 patients in dose exploration.
K-adaptability in two-stage mixed-integer robust optimization
Authors: Subramanyam Anirudh , Gounaris Chrysanthos E. , Wiesemann Wolfram 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We study two-stage robust optimization problems with mixed discrete-continuous decisions in both stages. Despite their broad range of applications, these problems pose two fundamental challenges: (i) they constitute infinite-dimensional problems that require a finite-dimensional approximation, and (ii) the presence of discrete recourse decisions typically prohibits duality-based solution schemes. We address the first challenge by studying a K-adaptability formulation that selects K candidate recourse policies before observing the realization of the uncertain parameters and that implements the best of these policies after the realization is known. We address the second challenge through a branch-and-bound scheme that enjoys asymptotic convergence in general and finite convergence under specific conditions. We illustrate the performance of our algorithm in numerical experiments involving benchmark data from several application domains.
Legalizing Same-Sex Marriage Matters for the Subjective Well-being of Individuals in Same-Sex Unions
Authors: Boertien Diederik , Vignoli Daniele 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We investigate whether the subjective well-being of individuals in same-sex unions improved following the legalization of same-sex marriage in England and Wales in March 2014. We employ repeated cross-sectional data from the 2011–2016 Annual Population Surveys on 476,411 persons, including 4,112 individuals in coresidential same-sex relationships. The analysis reveals increases in subjective well-being for individuals in same-sex relationships following legalization. Additional analysis documents higher subjective well-being for individuals in married same-sex couples compared with individuals who are in a civil partnership or an informal cohabiting same-sex union. However, the subjective well-being of individuals from same-sex couples increased after legalization among all subgroups considered, including those who cohabited informally. This result hints at a general reduction in structural stigma as an important mechanism behind the improved well-being of individuals in same-sex unions.
Nutrition and Altitude: Strategies to Enhance Adaptation, Improve Performance and Maintain Health: A Narrative Review
Authors: Stellingwerff Trent , Peeling Peter , Garvican-Lewis Laura A. , Hall Rebecca , Koivisto Anu E. , Heikura Ida A. , Burke Louise M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Training at low to moderate altitudes (~ 1600–2400 m) is a common approach used by endurance athletes to provide a distinctive environmental stressor to augment training stimulus in the anticipation of increasing subsequent altitude- and sea-level-based performance. Despite some scientific progress being made on the impact of various nutrition-related changes in physiology and associated interventions at mountaineering altitudes (> 3000 m), the impact of nutrition and/or supplements on further optimization of these hypoxic adaptations at low–moderate altitudes is only an emerging topic. Within this narrative review we have highlighted six major themes involving nutrition: altered energy availability, iron, carbohydrate, hydration, antioxidant requirements and various performance supplements. Of these issues, emerging data suggest that particular attention be given to the potential risk for poor energy availability and increased iron requirements at the altitudes typical of elite athlete training (~ 1600–2400 m) to interfere with optimal adaptations. Furthermore, the safest way to address the possible increase in oxidative stress associated with altitude exposure is via the consumption of antioxidant-rich foods rather than high-dose antioxidant supplements. Meanwhile, many other important questions regarding nutrition and altitude training remain to be answered. At the elite level of sport where the differences between winning and losing are incredibly small, the strategic use of nutritional interventions to enhance the adaptations to altitude training provides an important consideration in the search for optimal performance.
Nutrition and Athlete Immune Health: New Perspectives on an Old Paradigm
Authors: Walsh Neil P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRespiratory and gastrointestinal infections limit an athlete’s availability to train and compete. To better understand how sick an athlete will become when they have an infection, a paradigm recently adopted from ecological immunology is presented that includes the concepts of immune resistance (the ability to destroy microbes) and immune tolerance (the ability to dampen defence yet control infection at a non-damaging level). This affords a new theoretical perspective on how nutrition may influence athlete immune health; paving the way for focused research efforts on tolerogenic nutritional supplements to reduce the infection burden in athletes. Looking through this new lens clarifies why nutritional supplements targeted at improving immune resistance in athletes show limited benefits: evidence supporting the old paradigm of immune suppression in athletes is lacking. Indeed, there is limited evidence that the dietary practices of athletes suppress immunity, e.g. low-energy availability and train- or sleep-low carbohydrate. It goes without saying, irrespective of the dietary preference (omnivorous, vegetarian), that athletes are recommended to follow a balanced diet to avoid a frank deficiency of a nutrient required for proper immune function. The new theoretical perspective provided sharpens the focus on tolerogenic nutritional supplements shown to reduce the infection burden in athletes, e.g. probiotics, vitamin C and vitamin D. Further research should demonstrate the benefits of candidate tolerogenic supplements to reduce infection in athletes; without blunting training adaptations and without side effects.
From Rules of Life to Rules of Law. An Account of M. Krygier Approach to Sociological Jurisprudence
Authors: Rodak Lidia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This essay offers a personal reading of prof. Martin Krygier’s scholarship. Linking the history of Krygier’s family with his view on sociological jurisprudence, especially on the living law concept, I draw the connections between the personal narration of rules of life and rules of law. His scholarship can be interpreted as a development of the living law concept integrating personal narrations of living humans in living law institutions.
Elephants in the Room: The European Commission’s 2019 Communication on the Rule of Law
Authors: Kochenov Dimitry 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis contribution honouring Prof. Martin Krygier scholarship provides a brief critical reading of the European Commission’s July 2019 Communication on the Rule of Law (COM(2019) 343 final). It argues that although the Commission’s effort is welcome, the Communication fails to correctly identify the core problem related to the Rule of Law in the EU, which is the constitutional capture in the illiberal regimes. The failure to identify the core problem with unequivocal precision and spell out its key elements as well as dissect its causes undermines the likely effectiveness of the tools proposed by the Commission to address the unnamed and unanalyzed on-going Rule of Law concerns. Consequently, the Communication is lacking in vital essentials, if not vacant at the core.
Compressive closeness in networks
Authors: Mahyar Hamidreza , Hasheminezhad Rouzbeh , Stanley H Eugene 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Distributed algorithms for network science applications are of great importance due to today’s large real-world networks. In such algorithms, a node is allowed only to have local interactions with its immediate neighbors; because the whole network topological structure is often unknown to each node. Recently, distributed detection of central nodes, concerning different notions of importance, within a network has received much attention. Closeness centrality is a prominent measure to evaluate the importance (influence) of nodes, based on their accessibility, in a given network. In this paper, first, we introduce a local (ego-centric) metric that correlates well with the global closeness centrality; however, it has very low computational complexity. Second, we propose a compressive sensing (CS)-based framework to accurately recover high closeness centrality nodes in the network utilizing the proposed local metric. Both ego-centric metric computation and its aggregation via CS are efficient and distributed, using only local interactions between neighboring nodes. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed method through extensive experiments on various synthetic and real-world networks. The results show that the proposed local metric correlates with the global closeness centrality, better than the current local metrics. Moreover, the results demonstrate that the proposed CS-based method outperforms state-of-the-art methods with notable improvement.
Addison-Krise – Strategien zu Therapie und Prävention
Authors: Trummer Christian , Ratz Birgit , Pandis Marlene , Pilz Stefan , Theiler-Schwetz Verena 
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung
Die chronische Nebenniereninsuffizienz ist trotz adäquater Hormonersatzstrategien nach wie vor mit einer erhöhten Mortalität assoziiert. Der Grund hierfür liegt im Auftreten von Addison-Krisen, hervorgerufen durch einen Zustand eines akuten Cortisolmangels in erster Linie durch erhöhten Bedarf (beispielsweise bei Gastroenteritis, Infektionskrankheiten, inadäquater Medikamenteneinnahme etc.). Eine pragmatische Definition der Addison-Krise ist eine Verschlechterung des Allgemeinzustands mit absoluter (systolischer Blutdruck <100 mmHg) oder relativer Hypotonie (systolischer Blutdruck ≥20 mmHg niedriger als normalerweise) und mit typischen Symptomen, die sich innerhalb von 1–2 h nach parenteraler Glukokortikoid-Verabreichung deutlich verbessern. Durch die unspezifischen Symptome und das seltene Vorkommen einer Addison-Krise werden viele PatientInnen inadäquat behandelt. Regelmäßige Schulungen von PatientInnen mit primärer und sekundärer Nebenniereninsuffizienz zur Prävention einer Addison-Krise, zur Erkennung einer Krise und zum korrekten Management sind daher unerlässlich. Ziel ist das Erlernen der korrekten Hydrocortison-Dosissteigerung in Situationen mit erhöhtem Bedarf sowie der Handhabung des Notfallsets mit enthaltener Hydrocortison-Ampulle, die bei drohender Addison-Krise subkutan verabreicht werden sollte.
Context Variation and Syntax Nuances of the Equal Sign in Elementary School Mathematics
Authors: Voutsina Chronoula 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Existing research suggests that young children can develop a partial understanding of the equal sign as an operator rather than as a relational symbol of equivalence. This partial understanding can be the result of overemphasis on canonical equation syntaxes of the type a + b = c in elementary school mathematics. This paper presents an examination of context and syntax nuances of relevant sections from the grade 1 Greek series of textbooks and workbooks. Using a conceptual framework of context variation, the analysis shows qualitative differences between equations of similar syntax and provides a nuanced determination of contextual and structural aspects of ‘variation’ in how the equal sign is presented in elementary mathematics. The paper proposes that since equations have context-specific meanings, context variations should constitute a separate element of analysis when investigating how the equal sign is presented. The implication for practice and future research is that nuanced considerations of equation syntax within varied contexts are needed for elaborating analyses of the equal sign presentation that move beyond dichotomized categorizations of canonical/non-canonical syntaxes.
Cultural values and romantic relationship satisfaction in Mexican adolescents: The moderating effects of parental psychological control and gender
Authors: Reid Alexander , Halgunseth Linda C. , Espinosa‐Hernández Graciela , Csizmadia Annamaria , Card Noel 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTIntroductionCultural values and parent‐adolescent relationships may impact adolescents' romantic relationship quality. The goal of this study was to examine whether perceived mothers' and fathers’ psychological control and gender moderated associations between cultural values (i.e., machismo, caballerismo, views of female virginity) and romantic relationship satisfaction in Mexican adolescents.MethodsSelf‐report survey data were collected from 213 adolescents (M = 14.59 years old; 50.5% girls) from two public schools in Mexico. All participants were in a romantic relationship at time of study, and reported on their age, gender, endorsement of cultural values (i.e., machismo, caballerismo, views of female virginity), perceived parental psychological control, and romantic satisfaction. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on a romantic relationship satisfaction scale. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess interactions between cultural values, mothers' and fathers’ psychological control, and gender on romantic relationship satisfaction.ResultsFindings revealed adolescents who endorsed caballerismo reported higher relationship satisfaction. These associations were strongest for adolescent girls reporting low maternal psychological control and adolescent boys reporting high maternal psychological control. Perceived fathers’ psychological control did not moderate associations between cultural values and romantic satisfaction. No associations were found between machismo, female virginity, and romantic relationship satisfaction.ConclusionAdolescents’ caballersimo values were linked to higher relationship satisfaction. Findings suggest that parent education programs in Mexico may benefit from teaching parents to instill values of caballerismo in their romantically involved adolescents. Additionally, specialists working with Mexican adolescent girls may help them reframe perceived psychologically controlling behaviors into attempts to communicate affection.
Beyond the Dichotomous Vote: Can Expressive Ballots Increase Ideological Congruence and Decrease Parliamentary Polarization?
Authors: Ellenbroek Victor , Meijers Maurits J. , Krouwel André 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs scholars explore opportunities for democratic renewal, the potential of ballot structures to improve the quality of representation has been largely neglected. We argue that expressive ballots can improve the congruence of political preferences between voters and their vote choice and, subsequently, decrease parliamentary polarization. Recognizing that voters’ political preferences are more complex than a dichotomous party-vote allows, we propose the ‘assembly ballot’, which allows voters to choose their ‘ideal parliament’ by distributing 150 parliamentary seats across all participating parties. To assess the consequences of the assembly ballot for ideological congruence and parliamentary composition, we conducted a survey experiment with over 16,000 respondents around the 2017 Dutch parliamentary elections in which respondents cast a vote in a mock-election using the assembly ballot or a closed-list PR ballot. Results show that ideological congruence is, on average, significantly higher for voters voting with the assembly ballot for both the left–right dimension and the cultural dimension, while also producing a more centripetal, less polarized parliament.
Dietary composition and yeast/microalgae combination supplementation modulate the microbial ecosystem in the caecum, colon and faeces of horses
Authors: Grimm Pauline , Combes Sylvie , Pascal Géraldine , Cauquil Laurent , Julliand Véronique 
Published: November 2019

AbstractStarchy diets can induce hindgut dysbiosis in horses. The present study evaluated the impact of a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and microalgae (Aurantiochytrium limacinum) supplementation on caecal, colonic and faecal microbial ecosystem and on blood inflammatory parameters of horses fed high-fibre or high-starch diets. Six fistulated geldings in a 2 × 2 Latin-square design were alternatively supplemented and received during each period 100 % hay (4 weeks) followed by a 56/44 hay/barley diet (3 weeks). Caecal, colonic and faecal samples were collected 4 h after the morning meal three times per diet, at 5-d intervals, to measure bacterial composition and microbial end products. Blood was simultaneously collected for measuring inflammatory markers. The starchy diet clearly modified the microbial ecosystem in the three digestive segments, with an increase of the amylolytic function and a decrease of the fibrolytic one. However, no effect of the diet was observed on the blood parameters. When horses were supplemented, no significant change was found in lipopolysaccharides, PG-E2, serum amyloid A concentrations and complete blood count neither in cellulose-utilising, starch-utilising and lactate-utilising bacteria concentrations nor in the volatile fatty acids and lactate concentrations and pH. Under supplementation, relative abundance of Family XIII Clostridiales increased in caecum and faeces irrespective of diet and relative abundance of Veillonellaceae was higher during the hay/barley diet in colon and faeces. Most variations of faecal bacterial taxa under supplementation were not observed in the hindgut. However, all variations suggested that supplementation could increase fibrolytic function whatever the diet and limit dysbiosis when the horses’ diet changed from high fibre to high starch.
Importance of native vegetation for detection and management of rice stink bug (Tibraca limbativentris)
Authors: Fuentes-Rodríguez Daniela , Franceschini Celeste , Gervazoni Paula , López Gabriela , Sosa Alejandro , Kruger Raúl 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTibraca limbativentris(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a major pest in Neotropical rice agroecosystems. In autumn–winter, this pest takes refuge in rice stubble and in native vegetation, which allows it to re-colonize the crop during the rice growing season. However, it is still unknown whether this vegetation is a pest sink or is actually a natural trap that contributes to pest population biocontrol. Here we present information on the insect's alternative host plants, a preliminary outline of the relationship between plant phylogeny and insect abundance, and the impact that winter natural enemies have in pest population. Also, we include a proposed methodology for pest density analysis in winter hosts. Our results show significant differences in the abundance/density thatT. limbativentrisreaches in the 12 host plant species present in our study areas, with a plant-use pattern significantly related to the phylogenetic clade of Poales. Stink bug winter populations mainly comprised diapause adults, and 40% of insect digestive tracts had content. Survival ofT. limbativentriswas 56.92% in winter hosts. About mortality, 10% was due to undetermined causes and 33.08% due to entomopathogenic fungi, showing a natural regulation of the pest population. Our results suggest that native vegetation impacts winter survival ofT. limbativentris. Although these plants offer shelter, they offer a greater contribution to Integrated Pest Management: the natural regulation of winter pest populations through entomopathogenic attack. Further studies onT. limbativentrispopulation dynamics and the preservation of native areas near rice fields will be required for the development of best control practices.
How Data Will Enable the Shift Towards the Productisation of Legal Services
Authors: Drane Simon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSimon Drane writes that the next decade will see a shift within legal service provision, where it will transition from a model which is predominantly geared around internal work processes to one that is geared around customer outcomes. Law firms will complete their evolution from a bill by the hour service-based model to something closer to a product subscription model. This shift will deliver growth, sustainable recurring revenues at high margins and new higher value service opportunities. At the core of this shift is the changing nature of consumption driven by consumer technology and the inexorable drive for base level information to become free. Law firms are sitting on vast quantities of data, and yet very few are currently harnessing this effectively in their offerings. The effective use of data combined with technology will allow innovative organisations to provide a new form of productised offering which will not only drive new recurring revenues but will allow them to offer higher value business advisory services. Whereas effective use of data within the organisation will lead to better evolutionary efficiency, quality and risk management, the use of data externally for clients will lead to more revolutionary changes. It will also blur the lines further between traditional law firms and LegalTech product businesses, in the way alternative legal service providers (ALSPs) and the Big Four are already exploring.