bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Model for Determining the Number of Health Technologies in the Health Systems: An Approach Combining Multiple Attributes Decision Making and Goal Programming
Authors: Arman Hosein , Mohamadi Efat , Mobinizadeh Mohammadreza 
Published: December 2020

In recent years, health technology policy-making science has gone beyond just a health technology assessment or systematic review or economic evaluation study and the science of operational research in decision making, i.e. multi-attributes and multi-objective decision-making has been included. Hence, currently, health technology policy-making follows a seven-step process. After a technology undergoes these steps and is proven that it is useful for the health system, it must be determined how many of it is needed in the health system. Determining the required number of health technologies is a challenge that remains to be considered. Therefore, this study was designed to overcome this problem. The authors intend to introduce a multi-objective decision-making methodology considering the limited budget, to determine the number of technologies required to complete for the health technology policymaking cycle.
Barriers of students’ adherence to dress code policy in clinical settings: dental students’ viewpoint
Authors: Momeni Nafiseh , Asghari Fariba 
Published: December 2020

Medical universities have called for a professional dress code to preserve the dignity of the medical profession, creating a sense of respect, tranquility, and trust in healthcare recipients and improve patient safety. This study aims to explain the reasons behind poor adherence to the professional dress code by students of the dentistry school. A qualitative study was conducted to explain the viewpoints of dentistry students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). Twenty-three in-depth interviews with dentistry students of different genders, study years, living in different accommodations, and having different tuition payment status were conducted. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the data. One hundred and twenty initial codes were extracted. They were categorized into common causes of non-adherence to the TUMS Dress Code and specific causes of not following a specific section of the dress code (hygiene, jewelry, and makeup sections). The codes of common causes were categorized into 4 main categories including defects in education, management shortcomings, changes in societal culture, and personal factors. All components of the educational system must be aligned with each other to overcome the barriers against the students’ adherence to professional dress and put forward appropriate interventions at the policymaking, regulatory and educational levels.
On Understanding Syrian Diasporic Identities through a Selection of Syrian Literary Works
Authors: Alatrash Ghada , Abed Alsamad Najat 
Published: December 2020

As of late August 2018, a total of 58,600 Syrian refugees have arrived in Canada (Government of Canada, 2019). The Syrian Diaspora today is a complex topic that speaks to issues of dislocation, displacement, loss, exile, identity, a desire for belonging, and resilience. The aim of this paper is to offer a better understanding of the Syrian peoples who have become, within the past four years, part of our Canadian citizenry, local communities, and members of our schools and workforce. By engaging the voices of Syrians through their literary works, this essay seeks to challenge some of the ontological and epistemological underpinnings that have historically defined Syrians and to offer alternate ways in which we may better know and understand what it means to be Syrian today. Historically Syrians have written and spoken about exile in their literature, long before the the Syrian war began in March of 2011. To deliver a sense of Syrian identities, a selected number of pre-Syrian-war writers and poets are engaged in this essay, including Nizar Kabbani, Muhammad al-Maghut, Zakaria Tamer, Mamduh Adwan, Adonis and Nasib Arida; furthermore, to capture a glimpse of a post-war sentiment, the voice of Syrian novelist Najat Abdul Samad, whose work was written from within the national borders of a war-torn Syria, is brought into the discussion.
The first 100 days of the COVID-19 epidemic in Mali: a descriptive analysis
Authors: Ly Birama , Ahmed Mohamed Ag , Millimouno Tamba , Cissoko Yacouba , Faye Christophe , Traoré Fatoumata , Diarra Niélé , Berthé Ibrahima , Boly Ahmadou , Sangho Hamadoun , Doumbia Seydou 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Since the detection of the first cases of COVID-19 in Mali, the ministry of health provides daily released of information and situation report including information on the number of testing, confirmed cases, case-contacts, recovered patients, COVID-19 related deaths; and the geographic locations affected by the epidemic. The objective of this study was to analyze this information and to examine the relation between the number of confirmed cases and the number of testing, case-contacts, recovered patients and COVID-19 related deaths. Method From the daily released of information and situation reports, the data related to the number of testing, confirmed cases, case-contacts, recovered patients, COVID-19 related deaths; and the affected geographic locations were extracted on an Excel file before being analyzed with SPSS 25 software. The analyses were essentially descriptive including Spearman correlation test and Chi 2 test for statistical significance (p≤0, 05).Results The analyses include 14,938 testing, 2,260 PCR confirmed cases, 12, 864 case-contacts, 1,502 recovered patients and 117 deaths reported during the first 100 days of the epidemic, particularly from March 25 to July 2, 2020. The results show low level of testing and demonstrate a positive correlation between the number of confirmed cases and the number of testing, case-contacts, recovered patients and deaths. These results suggest that Mali could have more confirmed cases by increasing testing, particularly among case-contacts.Conclusion The results can help to understand the evolution of the epidemic, call for more testing and contact tracing of COVID-19 cases. They can also contribute to improving data quality and response to COVID-19.
The short term burden of ambient gaseous air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Pudong New Area, China: A time-stratified case-crossover study with a distributed lag nonlinear model
Authors: Chen Yichen , Li Xiaopan , Chen Hanyi , Sun Lianghong , Lin Tao , Xiao Shaotan , Yang Minjuan , Zhao Genming , Peng Li , Zhou Yi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Air pollution is a severe and dangerous public health problem. However, the effect of ambient gaseous air pollution exposure on years of life lost (YLL) attributable to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality has not been quantitatively verified.Methods: We collected the data of 12,781 COPD deaths and ambient gaseous air pollutants, including sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3), during the years 2013-2019 in the Shanghai Pudong New Area (PNA). Then we performed a time-stratified case-crossover study combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to estimate the impact of those air pollutants on daily COPD deaths counts and YLL. The confounders including long-term trend and meteorological factors have been controlled for, and effects of age and educational attainment as effect modifiers have also been evaluated.Results: During the 2013-2019 time frame, increases of 10μg/m3 in SO2 and NO2 were associated with a 4.93% (95% CI: 1.47%, 8.50%) and 1.47% (95% CI: 0.14%, 2.82%) in daily COPD death counts at lag0-1day, respectively, a 2.52 (95% CI: 0.31, 4.72) YLL increase and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.01, 1.68) YLL increase at lag0-1day, respectively. A 1mg/m3 increase in CO was associated with a 9.46% (95% CI: 0.40%, 19.35%) at lag0 increase in daily COPD death counts. No significant impact from O3 on both daily COPD deaths counts and YLL (P>0.05). The impact of gaseous air pollutants on the daily COPD death count and YLL were significant in populations of older adults and the lower educated population, while an insignificant effect was observed in the younger population and higher educated population. The YLL due to COPD related to SO2 and CO for the lower educated population was significantly higher than those for the higher educated population.Conclusion: Reducing specific gaseous air pollutants will help to control COPD deaths and improve the population’s life expectancy.
Associations between Accessibility to Health Care Service, Social Support, and Korean Americans’ Mental Health Status Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Min Jihyun , Choi Shinwoo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: While previous studies have examined the relationships between social support and healthcare accessibility among ethnic minority populations, studies on Korean Americans remain scarce. Therefore, this study aims to assess the relationship between Korean Americans’ mental health, accessibility to healthcare, and how they perceive their level of social support during the COVID-19 pandemic. Result: We distributed online surveys to Korean Americans from May 24, 2020 to June 14, 2020, generating 790 responses from participants residing in 42 states. Binary Logistic and Ordinary Least Square regression analyses revealed that poor mental health was associated with language barriers inhibiting Korean Americans’ access to COVID-19-related information. Their perceived social support from family members and close friends was positively associated with mental health. Conclusion: Our findings recommend that equipping community healthcare services with translators or interpreters is necessary. Additionally, health practitioners and staff should be trained to utilize telehealth tools to effectively treat individuals with mental health problems. American policymakers and healthcare professionals need to understand and address the unique hardships Korean Americans experience amid COVID-19.
Tolerogenic dendritic cells induced by atorvastatin via inhibition of the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway improve cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhu Jianbing , Chen Hang , Ma Yuanji , Liu Haibo , Chen Zhaoyang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundNecrosis of ischemic cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction (MI) activates an intense inflammatory reaction. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the repair process after MI. Tolerogenic DCs (tDCs) can inhibit inflammatory responses. Methods and resultsWe investigated the role of atorvastatin and supernatants of necrotic cardiomyocytes (SNC) on DCs. We found that SNC induced DCs maturation, activated TLR-4/NF-κB pathway, promoted inflammatory cytokines secretion and oxidative stress. Co-treatment with SNC and atorvastatin suppressed DC maturation and inflammatory response, which meant that atorvastatin induced DCs tolerate to SNC. Then, we investigated the effect of mDCs induced by SNC and tDCs induced by atorvastatin on ventricular remodeling after MI. tDCs treatment significantly improved the left ventricular systolic function, reduced the infiltration of MPO+ neutrophil, Mac3+ macrophages and CD3+ T cells, inhibited myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis, and decreased infarct size. Compared with PBS, treatment with mDCs did not showed beneficial effect on ventricular remodeling and inflammatory reaction after MI in mice.ConclusionAtorvastatin inactivated the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway, repressed the oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and immune maturity induced by SNC. Treatment with tDCs, induced by co-treated with atorvastatin, preserved left ventricular function, limited infarct size, suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory cells, and attenuated the severity of fibrosis, and reduced the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes.
Pregnancy and Infant Development (PRIDE)— a longitudinal study of at-risk mother-infant dyads to understand the impact of maternal stress, adversity, and resilience on offspring development.
Authors: Bowers Katherine , Ding Lili , Ji Hong , Nidey Nichole , Meyer Jerrold , Ammerman Robert , Ginkel Judith Van , Folger Alonzo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Children from socioeconomically disadvantaged families have a markedly elevated risk for impaired cognitive and social-emotional development. Nearly 17.9% of children in poverty experience developmental delays relative to the 12.7% of other children. Poverty engenders disproportionate exposure to psychological adversity which may contribute to impaired offspring development; however the effect may be mitigated by social support and other aspects of resilience. Our objective was to determine the association between maternal stress, adversity and social support and early infant neurobehavior and child behavior at two and three years. Methods We conducted a longitudinal mother-infant cohort study nested within a regional home visiting program in Cincinnati, Ohio. Four home study visits were completed to collect measures of maternal stress, adversity and social support and infant and child behavior. A measure of infant neurobehavior (‘high-arousal’ infant) was derived from the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS) at 1 month and externalizing and internalizing symptoms were measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) at 24 and 36 months. Linear and logistic regression identified associations between maternal risk/protective factors and infant and child behavioral measures. We used stratification and multiplicative interaction terms to examine potential interactions. Results We enrolled n=55 pregnant mothers and follow 53 mother-offspring dyads at 1 month, 40 dyads at 24 months and 27 dyads at 36 months. Maternal adversity and protective factors were not associated with neurobehavior at one month. However, maternal depression and measures of distress in pregnancy were significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms and 24 and 36 months. Conclusions This pilot study established the feasibility of conducting longitudinal research within a community intervention program. In addition, although there were no statistically significant associations between maternal psychosocial factors in pregnancy and infant neurobehavior, there were several associations at 24 months, primarily internalizing symptoms, which persisted through 36 months. Future work will replicate findings within a larger study as well as explore mediators and modifiers of these associations. The goal of this research is to reduce developmental delays by informing home visiting programs as well as early intervention services more broadly.
Ex Vivo Comparison of A UV-Polymerizable Methacrylate Adhesive Versus an Inverting Pattern as the Second Layer of a Two-Layer Hand-Sewn Jejunal Anastomosis in Horses
Authors: Lenoir Augustin , Perrin Bertrand , Lepage Olivier 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Jejunal anastomosis in horses with one- or two-layer conventional technique can lead to leaks at the anastomosis site and the possibility of severe septic peritonitis. The objective of this study was to compare the use of a recently designed UV-polymerizable methacrylate adhesive as the second layer of a two-layer anastomosis with a Cushing pattern.Fifteen fresh harvested jejunum segments were collected from horses euthanized for unrelated reasons and owner consent was obtained for research donation. Each segment was divided in 3 pieces, each assigned to 3 different groups. In 2L-CT group, resection and anastomosis was performed using a double-layer simple continuous/Cushing suture. In 1L-UV-PMA group, resection and anastomosis was performed using a single-layer continuous technique sealed with a UV-polymerizable methacrylate adhesive. Control group was left untouched. Anastomotic construction time of the second layer, Bursting Strength Pressure (BSP), Luminal Diameter Reduction (LDR), and mode of failure were measured and compared between groups.Results The construction time (Mean [95% CI]) was 3.02 min [2.50; 3.55] in 1L-UV-PMA group and 8.09 min [7.59; 8.61] in 2L-CT group. The difference was significant (P<0.001).The BSP (Mean [95% CI]) was 170.47 mmHg [146.29; 194.65] in 1L-UV-PMA group, 175.33 mmHg [156.83; 193.83] in 2L-CT group, and 189.93 mmHg [162.52; 217.34] in the control group. The difference was significant only between the 1L-UV-PMA group and the control group (P=0.04).The LDR (Mean [95% CI]) was 51% [47; 55] in 1L-UV-PMA group and 48% [43; 53] in 2L-CT group. The difference was not significant (P=0.26).Eight segments ruptured on the suture line in the 1L-UV-PMA group and six segments ruptured on the suture line in the 2L-CT group. The difference was not significant (P=0.36).On macroscopic evaluation, the 1L-UV-PMA anastomosis formed a tunnel-like anastomosis. After testing, some of the samples from the 1L-UV-PMA group showed shreds of glue detached from the serosa.Conclusions Complete covering of anastomosis with UV-PMA glue is comparable in terms of leaking pressure and Luminal Diameter Reduction but faster to perform than an inverting suture pattern. Modification of the technique is warranted to decrease tunneling at the anastomosis site.
HSPA9/Mortalin Mediates Axo-Protection by Modulating Mitochondrial Dynamics in Neurons
Authors: Ferré Cécile , Thouard Anne , Bétourné Alexandre , Belenguer Pascale , Miquel Marie-Christine , Peyrin Jean-Michel , Gonzalez-Dunia Daniel , Szelechowski Marion 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Mortalin is a mitochondrial chaperone protein involved in quality control of proteins imported into the mitochondrial matrix, which was recently described as a sensor of neuronal stress. Mortalin is down-regulated in neurons of patients with neurodegenerative diseases and levels of Mortalin expression are correlated with neuronal fate in animal models of Alzheimer's disease or cerebral ischemia. To date, however, the links between Mortalin levels, its impact on mitochondrial function and morphology and, ultimately, the initiation of neurodegeneration, are still unclear. In the present study, we used lentiviral vectors to over- or under-express Mortalin in primary neuronal cultures. We first analyzed the early events of neurodegeneration in the axonal compartment, using oriented neuronal cultures grown in microfluidic-based devices. We observed that Mortalin down-regulation induced mitochondrial fragmentation and axonal damage, whereas its over-expression conferred protection against axonal degeneration mediated by oxidative stress. We next demonstrated that Mortalin levels modulated mitochondrial morphology by a direct action on DRP1 phosphorylation, thereby further illustrating the crucial implication of mitochondrial dynamics on neuronal fate in degenerative diseases.
Simple method for estimating daily and total COVID-19 deaths using a Gumbel model
Authors: Furutani Hiroshi , Hiroyasu Tomoyuki , Okuhara Yoshiyasu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the present paper is to introduce a method for forecasting daily and total numbers of COVID-19-associated deaths. We apply the Gumbel distribution function for the analysis of time series data of the first wave. The Gumbel distribution function F(t) has a notable property of F(t) = 1/2.718 at the node (peak) point of the distribution. Therefore, we can forecast the number of total deaths N. In the present study, the Gumbel model gives the estimate N ≈ 2.718N1, where N1 is the partial sum of the daily numbers of deaths until the day of the peak. The proposed model can also forecast the daily numbers after the peak. We investigated the data of New York City, Belgium, Switzerland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The Gumbel model gives reasonable results for New York City, Belgium, and Switzerland. On the other hand, the proposed method underestimates N for Sweden and the United Kingdom. The proposed approach is very simple, and carrying out the analysis is easy. This method uses spreadsheet software for most of the calculations, and no special program is needed.
Amantadin has potential for the treatment of COVID-19 because it targets known and novel ion channels encoded by SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Jeppesen Mads Gravers , Toft-Bertelsen Trine Lisberg , Kledal Thomas Nitschke , Rosenkilde Mette Marie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The dire need for therapies against SARS-CoV-2 infections is obvious and inspires strategies of repurposing drugs approved for other indications. Current examples are remdesivir (originally developed for ebola treatment) and steroids (anti-inflammatory treatment). Here we propose to use amantadine (an anti-influenza A drug) as a novel, cheap, readily available and effective way to treat COVID-19 because of its ability to inhibit known (Protein E) and novel (Orf10) ion channels identified in the virus genome.
Prevention and recovery for peritoneal injury during totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: A single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nishiguchi Ryohei , Kojima Shigehiro , Asaka Shinichi , Maeda Hiroyuki , Usui Takebumi , Yokomizo Hajime , Shimakawa Takeshi , Katsube Takao , Shiozawa Shunichi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background During totally extraperitoneal (TEP) repair, peritoneal injury (PI) may result in technical difficulty due to the imparied working space inside the preperitoneal space. We aimed to clarify the factors causing PIs by focusing on the size of the hernia and to provide the prevention and recovery method for PI.Methods A total of 71 inguinal hernia with unilateral TEP repairs were classified by the size of hernia; Small group (<1cm, n=16) and Large group (≧1cm, n=55). Patient characteristics and surgical outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. TEP procedure was broke down into five phases (e.g. Phase 3 was a period from starting the dissection to transection of hernia sac) in the PI cases of the Large group (n=21). Common site of PI, maneuver and recovery method were further analyzed.Results Operative time (P<0.0001) and PI rate (P=0.015) were higher in the Large group. PI cases in the Large group showed a higher PI rate in Phase 3 (P=0.036) and PI mostly occurred by a sharp dissection of the medial side of hernia sac with using an ultrasonically activated device. In terms of recovery methods, pre-tied suture loop ligation and endoscopic suturing tended to be faster than doing nothing and conversion to TAPP but showed no significance (P=0.059).Conclusions Hernia size and a sharp dissection during the medial side of the hernia sac may be important factors causing PIs. A careful dissection combined with an appropriate blunt dissection is required for the prevention of PI because of the strong adhesion at the medial side and thin peritoneum in most cases of large hernia sacs. In cases of PI, extension of operative time could be prevented by ligation or suturing of the peritoneal defect.