bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Vibration Behavior of Sub‐Micrometer Gas Vesicles in Response to Acoustic Excitation Determined via Laser Doppler Vibrometry
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Huang An , Bar‐Zion Avinoam , Wang Jiaying , Mena Oscar Vazquez , Shapiro Mikhail G. , Friend James 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe ability to monitor sub‐micrometer gas vesicles' (GVs) vibration behavior to nonlinear buckling and collapse using laser Doppler vibrometry is reported, providing a precise noncontact technique for monitoring the motion of sub‐micrometer objects. The fundamental and first harmonic resonance frequencies of the vesicles are found to be 1.024 and 1.710 GHz, respectively. An interparticle resonance is furthermore identified at ≈300 MHz, inversely dependent upon the agglomerated GV size of around 615 nm. Most importantly, the vesicles amplify and broaden input acoustic signals at far lower frequencies—for example, 7 MHz—associated with medical and industrial applications, and they are found to transition from a linear to nonlinear response at 150 kPa and to collapse at 350 kPa or greater.
Effect of winter wheat cultivar on grain yield trend under different nitrogen management
Authors: Aula Lawrence , Omara Peter , Eickhoff Elizabeth , Oyebiyi Fikayo , Dhillon Jagmandeep S. , Raun William R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn many developing countries, crop production is achieved with little or no application of fertilizer N. Understanding grain yield trends as new winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) are released and grown under different N management is important for crop yield improvement. This study evaluated grain yield trends of winter wheat cultivars over time in a crop production system with and without N application. Yield data was obtained from two long‐term experiments; 502 (E502) and 222 (E222) between 1969 and 2018. Results showed a mean annual grain yield increase of 12 and 30 kg ha–1 yr–1 as new cultivars were released and grown under adequate N management in E222 and E502, respectively. However, without N application, yield declined annually by 2.4 kg ha–1 yr–1 in E222 and increased marginally by 0.6 kg ha–1 yr–1 in E502. Nonetheless, the yield increase or decrease was only significant for E502 at 112 kg N ha–1 (r2 = .145; p = .01) and its slope was significantly different from that of control treatment (p = .02). In both experiments, yield was significantly influenced by cultivar and N interaction (p < .01), an indication that yield changed according to the level of N applied. In general, when N was applied, grain yields were high as well. New cultivars released over time improved grain yield with adequate N management.
Pest potential of Neotephritis finalis (Loew) on Silphium integrifolium Michx., Silphium perfoliatum L., and interspecific hybrids
Authors: Reinert Stephan , Hulke Brent S. , Prasifka Jarrad R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNeotephritis finalis (Loew), a fly known as a minor pest of cultivated sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.), has been observed to attack Silphium spp., which are being evaluated as new crops to produce biomass or edible oil. Infestations of Silphium integrifolium Michx., Silphium perfoliatum L. and their interspecific hybrids were assessed by securing bags over heads late in bloom and counting emerged adult flies ∼30 d later. Effects on seed production were assessed by examining the percent of achenes containing fully developed seeds (i.e., seed set). In 2017, more flies emerged from S. integrifolium and hybrids than from S. perfoliatum, but even high numbers of adult flies emerged per head appeared unrelated to seed set in S. integrifolium. In 2018, far fewer flies were found across Silphium spp., but seed set was similar to 2017. Combined, results indicate that N. finalis is unlikely to limit seed production of Silphium spp.
Renewable production of ammonia and nitric acid
Authors: Wang Ganzhou , Mitsos Alexander , Marquardt Wolfgang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDecarbonization of the power sector offers ammonia industry an opportunity to reduce its CO2 emissions through sector coupling. Extending from our previous work, we propose a power‐based process for ammonia and nitric acid production. The coupling of nitric acid production facilitates highly efficient heat integration between steam electrolysis and the rest of the process. We investigate the economic performance of the production complex through a model‐based dynamic optimization approach, considering scenarios with or without incorporation of intermittent wind power as well as deployment of battery storage. In all cases, the wind power integration proves to be economic with a peak‐to‐base load ratio of up to 2.3. The new process reduces primary energy consumption by more than 13% compared to conventional technologies. However, it is only economically competitive with help of either a low‐cost battery storage or a higher carbon price on fossil fuels. The results also confirm the importance of considering process dynamics during process design.
Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of ZIF‐8 Biocomposites with Tunable Particle Size
Authors: Carraro Francesco , Williams Jason D. , Linares‐Moreau Mercedes , Parise Chiara , Liang Weibin , Amenitsch Heinz , Doonan Christian , Kappe C. Oliver , Falcaro Paolo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractZeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) biocomposites show the capacity to protect and deliver biotherapeutics. To date, the progress in this research area is based on laboratory batch methods. Now, the first continuous flow synthetic method is presented for the encapsulation of a model protein (bovine serum albumin, BSA) and a clinical therapeutic (α1‐antitrypsin, AAT) in ZIF‐8. The in situ kinetics of nucleation, growth, and crystallization of BSA@ZIF‐8 were studied by small‐angle X‐ray scattering. By controlling the injection time of ethanol, the particle growth could be quenched by ethanol‐induced crystallization from amorphous particles to ZIF‐8 crystals. The particle size of the biocomposite was tuned in the 40–100 nm range by varying residence time prior to introduction of ethanol. As a proof‐of‐concept, this procedure was used for the encapsulation of AAT in ZIF‐8. Upon release of the biotherapeutic from the composite, the trypsin inhibitor function of AAT was preserved.
Effect of cellular uniformity on the necking propagation of foam injection Molded PP/HDPE blend parts
Authors: Zhou Ying‐Guo , Cao Gang‐He , Cheng Yi‐Fan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNecking propagation (NP) is an important phenomenon that is facilitated by the superductility of many materials, although necking is often considered to be a type of unstable and heterogeneous deformation under tensile loading. In this study, the NP of samples produced with injection molding of polypropylene (PP) and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) blends with or without a blowing agent was investigated by standard tensile testing, and the foam morphology and cellular structure were characterized with scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the foam parts fabricated with the PP/HDPE blends had the ability to be superductile under a low tensile test speed, which was attributed to the necking spreading throughout the tested gauge section stably and reliably. However, the NP of the foam PP/HDPE blend samples strongly depended on the distribution of the cellular foam. To investigate the relationship between the cellular structure and NP, a design of experiment approach based on the Taguchi method was used to fabricate many samples with different foam structures. The tensile test results of these samples suggested that the cellular uniformity, which was determined based on the statistical results of the fracture surface morphology, played an important role in the NP. The results suggested that there is a close relationship between the NP and the cellular uniformity. Using nonlinear fitting, it was straightforward to obtain a model between the NP length and cellular uniformity index for PP/HDPE molded foam parts.
Ionic Dopant‐Encapsulating Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Films with Metal‐Like Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Iihara Yu , Kawai Tsuyoshi , Nonoguchi Yoshiyuki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHeavy doping is inevitable for utilizing single‐walled carbon nanotubes for wiring. However, the electrical conductivity of their films is currently as low as one tenth of the films made from typical metal pastes. Herein we report on metal‐comparable electrical conductivity from single‐walled carbon nanotube network films. We use ionic liquids and crown ether complexes for p‐type and n‐type doping, respectively. The encapsulation of counterions into carbon nanotubes promotes the conductivities in the range of 7000 S cm−1, approximately ten times larger than those of undoped films.
Catalyst‐Free Regioselective [3+2] Cycloadditions of α,β‐unsaturated N‐arylnitrones with Alkenes to Access Functionalized Isoxazolidines: A DFT Study
Authors: Ghosh Arnab , Mane Manoj V. , Rode Haridas B. , Patil Siddappa A. , Sridhar Balasubramanian , Dateer Ramesh B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe catalyst‐free regioselective [3+2]‐cycloaddition of α,β‐unsaturated N‐arylnitrones with alkenes are developed. The series of synthetically important functionalized isoxazolidines are prepared in good to excellent yields by step economic pathway under ligand and transition‐metal‐free conditions. The regioselective cycloaddition pathway supported by control experiment and computational study.
Indole‐N‐Carboxylic Acids and Indole‐N‐Carboxamides in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Zeng Linwei , Lin Yuxin , Cui Sunliang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIndoles are ubiquitous structures that are found in natural products and biologically active molecules. The synthesis of indoles and indole‐involved synthetic methodologies in organic chemistry have been receiving considerable attention. Indole‐N‐carboxylic acids and derived indole‐N‐carboxamides are intriguing compounds, which have been widely used in organic synthesis, especially in multicomponent reactions and C−H functionalization of indoles. This Minireview summarizes the advances of reactions involving indole‐N‐carboxylic acids and indole‐N‐carboxamides in organic chemistry, and discusses the synthetic potential and perspective of this field.
Silver‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylation of Difluoroarylacetic Acids with Allyl Sulfones in Water
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhang Ruihong , Zhang Xiaofei , Zhu Peiyuan , Yao Tuanli 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA practical silver‐catalyzed decarboxylative allylation of α,α‐difluoroarylacetic acids with allyl sulfones is described, which provides a variety of β,β‐difluorinated alkenes in good yields. Notably, the reaction proceeds smoothly in water with good functional group tolerance. The practicality and synthetic value of this process was demonstrated by scaled‐up experiment and elaboration of the products via reduction or Heck reaction. Primary mechanism investigations suggest that a radical process might be involved.
Fluorescence or X-ray cholangiography in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Lehrskov L L , Westen M , Larsen S S , Jensen A B , Kristensen B B , Bisgaard T 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background
Safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy may necessitate biliary imaging, and non-invasive fluorescence cholangiography may have advantages over contrast X-ray cholangiography. This trial compared fluorescence and X-ray cholangiography for visualization of the critical junction between the cystic, common hepatic and common bile ducts.

Methods
This non-inferiority blinded RCT included patients who had either intraoperative fluorescence cholangiography using 0·05 mg/kg indocyanine green or X-ray cholangiography during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Results
Between March 2015 and August 2018, a total of 120 patients were randomized (60 in each group). There were no drop-outs and 30-day follow-up data were available for all patients. In intention-to-treat analysis, there was no difference between the fluorescence and X-ray cholangiography groups in ability to visualize the critical junction (49 of 60 versus 51 of 60 respectively; P = 0·230). Fluorescence cholangiography was faster by a few minutes: median 2·0 (range 0·5–5·0) versus 4·8 (1·3–17·6) min (P &lt; 0·001).

Conclusion
Fluorescence cholangiography was confirmed to be non-inferior to X-ray cholangiography in visualizing the critical junction during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Registration number: NCT02344654 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Surgical histopathologic findings of 232 Chinese children cases with drug‐resistant seizures
Authors: Kun Yao , Zejun Duan , Jian Zhou , Feng Zhai , Changqing Liu , Xueling Qi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe drug‐resistant seizures are characterized by frequent and severe onset of seizures in childhood. There is only little literature had extensively explored the types of pathological brain damage in Chinese children cases. The present study aims to investigate the histopathologic findings and seizure outcomes of drug‐resistant seizures in cases of 0–14‐year‐old children.Materials and MethodsAbout 232 children cases were retrospectively who underwent epilepsy surgery. The medical records, onset age, age of surgery, disease course, seizure type, pathological reports, and seizure outcomes of these patients were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe most common categories were malformations of cortical development (focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) was the most common type (94.36%, 67/71), found in 30.60% of the patients, tumors in 18.11%, glial scar in 12.50%, and encephalitis in 11.63%). It was found that the effective seizure outcome of FCD cases with shorter duration of epilepsy (<2 years, 87.23%) was better than that with longer duration (≥2 years, 60.00%) and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 4.76, p < .05). Patients with FCD I, FCD II, and tumor showed the relatively better postsurgical seizure outcome than patients with other pathological types.ConclusionThe malformations of cortical development (MCD) (most FCD) were the most common pathological type for children cases in China with drug‐resistant seizures. It was speculated further that the FCD patients with shorter duration of epilepsy before surgery seem to have a higher ratio of being seizure‐free after surgery.
Idiographic network analysis of discrete mood states prior to treatment
Authors: Howe Esther , Bosley Hannah G. , Fisher Aaron J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIdiographic network models based on time‐series data have received recent attention for their ability to model relationships among symptoms and behaviours as they unfold in time within a single individual (cf. Epskamp, Borsboom, & Fried, 2018; Fisher, Medaglia, & Jeronimus, 2018). Rather than examine the correlational relationships between variables in a sample of individuals, an idiographic network examines correlations within a single person, averaged over many time points. Because the approach averages over time, the data must be stationary (i.e. relatively consistent over time). If individuals experience varying states over time—different mixtures of symptoms and behaviours in one moment or another—then averaging over categorically different moments may undermine model accuracy. Fisher and Bosley (2019) address these concerns via the application of Gaussian finite mixture modelling to identify latent classes of time points in intraindividual time‐series data from a sample of adults with major depressive disorder and/or generalised anxiety disorder (n = 45). The present paper outlines an extension of this work, wherein network analysis is used to model within‐class covariation of symptoms. To illustrate this approach, network models were constructed for each intraindividual class identified by Fisher and Bosley (137 networks across the 45 participants, mean classes/person = ~3, range = 2–4 classes/person). We examine the relative consistency in symptom organisation between each individual's multiple mood state networks and assess emergent group‐level patterns. We highlight opportunities for enhanced treatment personalisation and review nomothetic patterns relevant to transdiagnostic conceptualisations of psychopathology. We address opportunities for integrating this approach into clinical practice and outline potential shortcomings.
Downregulation of CLDN6 inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via regulating EGFR/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Lingyuan , Zhao Chanjuan , Sun Kai , Yang Dandan , Yan Linxia , Luo Dan , He Jinli , Hu Xuemei , Wang Rong , Shen Xiaofei , Xiao Ning , Zhong Zhendong 
Published: February 2020

Accumulating evidence showed that the claudin‐6 (CLDN6) expression was abnormal in many cancers, while its expression and biological functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. The present study demonstrated that CLDN6 was upregulated in HCC tissues compared with tumour‐adjacent tissues. CLDN6 silencing was significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of HepG2 cells. Meanwhile, downregulation of CLDN6 remarkably inhibited the activation of EGFR/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. Interestingly, the effect of CLDN6 overexpression on HepG2 cell proliferation and invasion could be inhibited by EGFR/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway inhibitor (AG1478).Significance of the studyThese findings suggested that CLDN6 may act as an oncogene in HCC and improve HepG2 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion may via EGFR/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway.
A case of periostomy intestinal metaplasia without adenomatous or dysplastic changes in an ulcerative colitis patient
Authors: Udechukwu Nneka S. , Selim Maria A. , Nicholas Matilda W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe strive to educate medical providers of the possibility of cellular transformation occurring as a parastomal complication and to emphasize the importance of close monitoring, as there is a risk, although low, of subsequent malignant transformation.
Recent Advances in One‐Electron‐Oxidized CuII–Diphenoxide Complexes as Models of Galactose Oxidase: Importance of the Structural Flexibility in the Active Site
Authors: Oshita Hiromi , Shimazaki Yuichi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe phenoxyl radical plays important roles in biological systems as cofactors in some metalloenzymes, such as galactose oxidase (GO) catalyzing oxidation of primary alcohols to give the corresponding aldehydes. Many metal(II)–phenoxyl radical complexes have hitherto been studied for understanding the detailed properties and reactivities of GO, and thus the nature of GO has gradually become clearer. However, the effects of the subtle geometric and electronic structural changes at the active site of GO, especially the structural change in the catalytic cycle and the effect of the second coordination sphere, have not been fully discussed yet. In this Review, we focus on further details of the model studies of GO and discuss the importance of the structural change at the active site of GO.
Rapid Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of CdS/Graphene/MoSx Tunable Heterojunctions and Their Application in Photocatalysis
Authors: Tzanidis Iordanis , Bairamis Feidias , Sygellou Lamprini , Andrikopoulos Konstantinos S. , Avgeropoulos Apostolos , Konstantinou Ioannis , Tasis Dimitrios 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNanoscale two‐dimensional nanostructures have shown great potential as functional components in photocatalysis. Here, investigations on the synthesis of heterostructured hybrids, comprised of 0D CdS nanoparticles as semiconductor and 2D/2D graphene/MoSx as co‐catalyst, are reported. The approach involves a rapid microwave‐assisted reaction in autoclave conditions, by adopting either a one‐step or a two‐step protocol. The chemical speciation of the nanocomposites was found to depend strongly on the compounding conditions of the precursor substances. The photocatalytic activity was assessed by monitoring the photodegradation rate of 4‐nitrophenol in solution using simulated solar light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of the hybrids may be attributed to a combination of beneficial characteristics, strongly related to the chemical speciation of the composite components. Moreover, intimate contacts of the latter result in efficient heterojunctions. Overall, the present study provides valuable insight into the development of functional heterostructured photocatalysts comprised of two‐dimensional nanomaterials.
The effectiveness of completely and incompletely sealed first permanent molars on caries prevention
Authors: Likar Ostrc Lenka , Suklan Jana , Pavlič Alenka 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFissure sealants are effective caries preventive measure. However, a dilemma has been expressed more than once, whether incompletely sealed fissures provides sufficient protection against caries. Dental examinations were performed in 88 children, aged 8 and then 4 years later at 12 years. All first permanent molars (FPMs), as diagnosed at the age of 8, were divided into three groups: nonsealed, incompletely and completely sealed. Four years later caries incidence and changes in presence and quality of fissure sealant were analyzed. At the age of 8 and 12 mean DMFT were 0.73 ± 1.24 and 3.48 ± 3.04, respectively. 71.59% of the 8‐year‐olds and 78.41% of the 12‐year‐olds had at least one sealed FPM. At the age of 8, 154 FPMs were completely sealed and 42 FPMs were incompletely sealed. Four years later, 81.17%, 71.43% and 69.4% of FPMs were healthy (sound or with noncavitated caries) in the baseline groups completely sealed, incompletely sealed and nonsealed FPMs, respectively. Incompletely sealed fissures were more susceptible to caries development than completely sealed fissures. It is important that incompletely sealed fissures are resealed as soon as possible.
New challenges for corporate sustainability reporting: United Nations' 2030 Agenda for sustainable development and the sustainable development goals
Authors: Tsalis Thomas A. , Malamateniou Kyveli E. , Koulouriotis Dimitrios , Nikolaou Ioannis E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractComplying with the requirements of sustainability development is a very high priority for the business community. The United Nations' 2030 Agenda and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (UN_SDGs) pose new challenges for firms, which have to adjust their operations and strategies to the requirements of SDGs. In this context, this paper aims to develop a methodological framework for evaluating the level of alignment of corporate sustainability reporting practices with the scope of UN_SDGs. Based on disclosure topics from Global Reporting Initiative and a scoring system, an evaluation framework was developed in order to assess the quality of information published in sustainability reports with respect to each UN_SDG. An empirical analysis was performed in a sample of sustainability reports in order to examine the structure and the applicability of the proposed methodological framework. The outcomes of the empirical analysis reflect some implications for future research on the UN_SDG reporting practices.