bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From the Design of Structures to the Designing of Organizations
Authors: Magalhães Rodrigo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The chapter starts with a historical outline of organization design featuring the following trends: • Contingency and configuration • The Simonian design tradition • Institutional organization design • Cognitive, situated, and generative approaches • Systemic approaches from business economics. Next, the chapter turns to an analysis of future trends, based on three proposals. The first concerns the growth of design thinking, which although containing a host of proposals for organization design change, it is so far not seen as an organization designing trend. Second, the trend of managerial choice and action as the focus of organization design is brought back from classical organization theory but with a new twist, that is, the role of the manager is now split into three separate but integrated activities—strategizing, designing, and managing. Third, it is proposed that the turn in some management literature towards language and meaning would become the focus of managerial action under the new design-inspired paradigm.
Conclusion
Authors: Magalhães Rodrigo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The book concludes with the suggestion that the key condition for the required paradigm change in organization design is a change in managerial discourse which depends to a large extent on the professional education of managers. According to traditional management education, managers have several roles and although organization design is included in many of them in a more or less implicit manner, designing remains relatively marginal. Organization designing, which is differentiated from managing and strategizing, is defined as comprising the following as a set of activities: creating, monitoring, shaping, reshaping, assessing, and improving artefacts at the three organizational interfaces: the identity and values interface, the market interface, and the internal interface. It is also suggested that for the new design role of managerial activity to flourish and take hold, it must be framed within a new type of culture, that is, a culture of human-centric, leaderful organization design(ing). The chapter ends with a summary of the key concepts used in the book, drawing attention to the issues that managers-as-designers need to be aware of.
Hittite Religion and its Reception in Anatolia
Authors: Rutherford Ian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Chapter 2, which is aimed at those with little knowledge of the Hittites, begins with an overview of Hittite history, looks at various aspects of the religions system: different regional traditions and cultural strata, sacred geography, the pantheon and a number of specific aspects including festivals and myths. The last section looks briefly at continuity of Hittite and Luwian religion in the 1st millennium BC, especially in SE Anatolia and Lycia/
Working with Comparative Data
Authors: Rutherford Ian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Chapter 4 develops further the methodological principles sketched in this introduction. The foundation of the subject is comparison of religious practices in different geographical areas, which alows us to chart patterns of both similarities and variations. Ths may sometimes allow to infer influence, though it is much harder to prove borrowing than has sometimes been assumed. In fact, comparison has other functions as well, not least that it allows us to understand what is distinctive about different cultures. In the last section I illustrate my approach with some examples from the history of the subject.
Anatolian–Greek Religious Interaction in the LBA
Authors: Rutherford Ian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Chapter 5 looks at contact between the Hittites and Mycenaean Greece and between states of W. Anatolia (e.g. Arzawa) and Mycenaean Greeece in the Late Bronze Age. Evidence for this is limited but significant, e.g. a Hittite text which mentions the presence of gods of Mycenaean greece/Ahhiyawa and Lazpa/Lesbos at the Hittite court, and a treaty between the Hittites and the state of Wilusa (Troy?) which seems to ention a deity Apaliuna, i.e. Apollo. I argue that religious ideas might have moved in either direction as the result of political alliances and diplomatic exchanges, and perhaps participation in common sanctuaries.
Food and agriculture systems foresight study: Implications for gender, poverty, and nutrition
Authors: Lentz Erin C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This review evaluates foresight studies to understand how the future agri-food system may impact gender, poverty, and nutrition (GPN). Foresight studies agree that it will be challenging to transform the agri-food system into one that is sustainable, healthy, and just, although the degree to which foresight studies consider GPN is uneven. Foresight work with a GPN focus tends to assume that global coordination of policies and regulations is both necessary and possible in order to achieve improved GPN outcomes. However, history has shown that efforts to coordinate globally are mixed. At the same time, innovation-led studies pay less attention to barriers to equitable adoption and nutritional outcomes. Yet, the history of development has demonstrated the difficulties of equitable implementation of and access to new technological innovations, particularly for women and marginalized populations. I argue that mainstreaming GPN into foresight research can inform both policy-led and innovation-led pathways that support an improved agri-food system. The use of multisectoral and multilevel tools and analyses can support future foresight research and policymaking to systematically identify the net influences on and trade-offs among GPN and other factors.
Understanding Delinquency among the Spiritual but Not Religious
Authors: Seto Christopher H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the association between “spiritual but not religious” (SBNR) identity and delinquency using a representative sample aged 16–20 years (N = 2,530) in the United States. The analyses extend prior research by examining SBNR effects across a broad range of delinquent behaviors (theft, fighting, marijuana use, drinking alcohol, and smoking cigarettes) and by testing several theoretically salient mechanisms (religious attendance, peers, parental expectations, images of God, morality, and strain), which may account for the association between SBNR identity and delinquency. I estimate SBNR effects on delinquency using logistic and binomial regression and test mechanisms using the Karlson–Holm–Breen method. SBNR identity is positively associated with delinquency, with the strongest effects on substance use but a nonsignificant effect on theft. The hypothesized mechanisms explain between 54% and 69% of the association between SBNR identity and overall delinquency, depending on the “degree” of SBNR identity reported.
2Ecocriticism
Authors: Ryan John Charles 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis review of publications in the field of ecocriticism in 2019 comprises seven sections: 1. Introduction: Ecocriticism, Climate Change, and COVID-19; 2. Anthropocene Ecocriticism; 3. Affective Ecocriticism; 4. Postcolonial Ecocriticism; 5. Zoocriticism and Phytocriticism; 6. Ecocriticism and Ecomedia Studies; 7. Conclusion.The review focuses on six monographs, one edited book, and two journal issues. Ecocriticism publications in 2019 reflect an imperative to devise new means of signification in response to planetary concerns. The biospheric urgencies of the Anthropocene and its catastrophic imprint of climate change continue to draw ecocritical attention to issues of time, scale, embodiment, and affect. Attuned to the Anthropocene context, 2019 publications demonstrate sustained attention to posthumanist thinking, including more-than-human ontologies. More specifically, the year brought valuable additions to postcolonial ecocriticism, affective ecocriticism, and zoocriticism as well as strides in the theorization of ecophobia. New directions in phytocriticism, hydrocriticism, and sumbiocriticism (an ecocritical mode attentive to the manner in which a text engages ideas of symbiosis) evince the field’s ongoing diversification within the environmental humanities ambit. 2019 saw significant developments in ecopoetic studies as well as highly generative confluences between ecocriticism and ecomedia studies, two complementary fields regarded historically as separate domains. The extension of ecocritical methods to the literatures of Turkey, Pakistan, Cuba, and other non-anglophone contexts signifies the continuous evolution of the field beyond its provenance in British and American studies of nature writing.
The Namaini, a new weevil tribe with six new genera from South Africa (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae)
Authors: Meregalli Massimo , Borovec Roman , Cervella Piero , Santovito Alfredo , Toševski Ivo , Ottati Sara , Nakládal Oto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBased on a phylogenetic analysis of a large number of mainly undescribed edaphic Entiminae from South Africa, a new tribe of entimine weevils is described, which includes six new genera. Taxa included in Namaini trib. nov. are clustered into seven clades that are used to delimit the following genera: Nama, type genus of the tribe, plus the new genera Cederbergia gen. nov., Cervellaea gen. nov., Namaquania gen. nov., Pentamerica gen. nov., Springbokia gen. nov. and Yamalaka gen. nov. A key to the genera is given and four new species are described.
POSTERIOR SCLERAL CONTRACTION TO TREAT MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES
Authors: Ye Jie , Pan An-Peng , Zhu Shuangqian , Zheng Linyan , Lu Fan , Xue An-Quan 
Published: October 2020

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy of posterior scleral contraction to treat myopic foveoschisis (MF).

Methods:
The records of MF patients treated with posterior scleral contraction were reviewed. During posterior scleral contraction, a cross-linked fusiform strip from allogeneic sclera was used and designed axial length (AL) shortening amount was around 2.0∼3.0 mm based on preoperative AL. The middle part of the strip was placed at the posterior pole of the eye. After few aqueous humors were released, the strip was tightened to contract posterior sclera and shorten AL. Clinical data were collected at pre-operation (op) and post-op follow-ups for 12 months.

Results:
Twenty-four eyes were collected. The AL at pre-op, post-op 1-week, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month were 29.84 ± 1.24, 27.39 ± 1.32, 27.73 ± 1.23, 27.86 ± 1.26, and 27.91 ± 1.29 mm. There was no AL difference between post-op 6-month and 12-month (P = 0.242). The accumulated MF reattachment rate at post-op 1-week, 3-month, 6-month, and 12-month were 8.3%, 16.7%, 50.5%, and 95.8%. The best-corrected visual acuity at post-op 6-month and 12-month were 0.71 ± 0.39 (Snellen acuity 20/80) and 0.64 ± 0.37 (Snellen acuity 20/63), improving significantly compared with pre-op (P = 0.006 and <0.001).

Conclusion:
The posterior scleral contraction was effective to treat MF. The AL stabilized after post-op 6-month and MF reattached gradually with improved visual acuity up to post-op 12-month.
Adaptive alterations in the mesoaccumbal network after peripheral nerve injury
Authors: Ren Wenjie , Centeno Maria Virginia , Wei Xuhong , Wickersham Ian , Martina Marco , Apkarian A. Vania , Surmeier D. James 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) are critical hubs in the brain circuitry controlling chronic pain. Yet, how these 2 regions interact to shape the chronic pain state is poorly understood. Our studies show that in mice, spared nerve injury (SNI) induced alterations in the functional connectome of D2-receptor expressing spiny projection neurons in the core region of the NAc—enhancing connections with prelimbic cortex and weakening them with basolateral amygdala. These changes, which were attributable in part to SNI-induced suppression of VTA dopaminergic signaling, were adaptive because mimicking them chemogenetically alleviated the anxiety and social withdrawal accompanying injury. By contrast, chemogenetic enhancement of activity in VTA dopaminergic neurons projecting to the medial shell of the NAc selectively suppressed tactile allodynia in SNI mice. These results suggest that SNI induces regionally specific alterations in VTA dopaminergic signaling in the NAc to promote environmental reengagement after injury. However, countervailing, homeostatic mechanisms limit these adaptive changes, potentially leading to the chronic pain state.
Thalamic neuroinflammation as a reproducible and discriminating signature for chronic low back pain
Authors: Torrado-Carvajal Angel , Toschi Nicola , Albrecht Daniel S. , Chang Ken , Akeju Oluwaseun , Kim Minhae , Edwards Robert R. , Zhang Yi , Hooker Jacob M. , Duggento Andrea , Kalpathy-Cramer Jayashree , Napadow Vitaly , Loggia Marco L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Using positron emission tomography, we recently demonstrated elevated brain levels of the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO), a glial activation marker, in chronic low back pain (cLBP) patients, compared to healthy controls (HCs). Here, we first sought to replicate the original findings in an independent cohort (15 cLBP, 37.8 ± 12.5 y/o; 18 HC, 48.2 ± 12.8 y/o). We then trained random forest machine learning algorithms based on TSPO imaging features combining discovery and replication cohorts (totaling 25 cLBP, 42.4 ± 13.2 y/o; 27 HC, 48.9 ± 12.6 y/o), to explore whether image features other than the mean contain meaningful information that might contribute to the discrimination of cLBP patients and HC. Feature importance was ranked using SHapley Additive exPlanations values, and the classification performance (in terms of area under the curve values) of classifiers containing only the mean, other features, or all features was compared using the DeLong test. Both region-of-interest and voxelwise analyses replicated the original observation of thalamic TSPO signal elevations in cLBP patients compared to HC (P < 0.05). The random forest-based analyses revealed that although the mean is a discriminating feature, other features demonstrate similar level of importance, including the maximum, kurtosis, and entropy. Our observations suggest that thalamic neuroinflammatory signal is a reproducible and discriminating feature for cLBP, further supporting a role for glial activation in human cLBP, and the exploration of neuroinflammation as a therapeutic target for chronic pain. This work further shows that TSPO signal contains a richness of information that the simple mean might fail to capture completely.
Optogenetic inhibition of the colon epithelium reduces hypersensitivity in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Najjar Sarah A. , Ejoh Lindsay L. , Loeza-Alcocer Emanuel , Edwards Brian S. , Smith-Edwards Kristen M. , Epouhe Ariel Y. , Gold Michael S. , Davis Brian M. , Albers Kathryn M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVisceral pain is a prevalent symptom of inflammatory bowel disease that can be difficult to treat. Pain and hypersensitivity are mediated by extrinsic primary afferent neurons (ExPANs) that innervate the colon. Recent studies indicate that the colon epithelium contributes to initiating ExPAN firing and nociceptive responses. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that the epithelium contributes to inflammation-induced hypersensitivity. A key prediction of this hypothesis is that inhibition of the epithelium would attenuate nociceptive signaling and inflammatory hypersensitivity. To test this hypothesis, the inhibitory yellow light–activated protein archaerhodopsin was targeted to the intestinal epithelium (villin-Arch) or the ExPANs (TRPV1-Arch) that innervate the colon. Visceral sensitivity was assessed by measuring the visceromotor response (VMR) to colorectal distension (CRD), with and without yellow light illumination of the colon lumen. Inhibition of the colon epithelium in healthy villin-Arch mice significantly diminished the CRD-induced VMR. Direct inhibition of ExPANs during CRD using TRPV1-Arch mice showed that ExPAN and epithelial inhibition were similarly effective in reducing the VMR to CRD. We then investigated the effect of epithelial and ExPAN inhibition in the dextran sulfate sodium model of inflammatory bowel disease. Inhibition of the colon epithelium significantly decreased dextran sulfate sodium–induced hypersensitivity and was comparable with the inhibition of ExPANs. Together, these results reveal the potential of targeting the colon epithelium for the treatment of pain.
The current status and outlook of trachea transplantation
Authors: Vranckx Jan Jeroen , Delaere Pierre 
Published: October 2020

Purpose of review
The trachea is an enigmatic organ due to its complex morphology. Although circumferential tracheal defects are extremely difficult to repair with autologous tissue or with an allotransplant, the trachea has been touted as the first organ that could be regenerated. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the published evidence in tracheal tissue replacement surgery.

Recent findings
In recent years, reports of successful tracheal regeneration have attracted great interest. Despite descriptions of the trachea as a perhaps uniquely regeneratable tissue since 2008, critical reporting provided insights into the more complex realities of tracheal regeneration attempts and led to the retraction of some articles making tracheal regeneration claims. Allotransplantation of the trachea is hindered by numerous difficult obstacles. The most promising approach developed thus far for difficult-to-repair patch airway defects is tracheal allotransplantation, which allows for tapering and withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy.

Summary
Restoration of a long-segment circumferential tracheal defect remains an unmet challenge. Future clinical studies require thoroughly documented visual evidence of outcomes to reduce confusion surrounding tracheal replacement and to prevent future scandals like those seen previously in the tracheal regeneration story.

Video abstract

http://links.lww.com/COOT/A6.
The Use of a Patient Discharge Lounge and the Impact on 30-Day Hospital Readmission
Authors: Emmerling Sheryl A. , Fisher Mary C. , McGarvey Jeremey 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE
To investigate if there is a relationship between the use of a patient discharge hospitality center (DHC) and hospital readmissions.

BACKGROUND
Hospital discharge lounges or DHCs have been developed to improve patient throughput. No studies have been conducted to determine if a discharge location influences hospital readmission.

METHODS
Data were extracted for adults discharged to home or self-care. Patients were stratified by discharge/last department and admitting/discharge service lines. Readmission rates between groups in the stratified data were compared. DHC and control patients were matched on gender, marital status, age at admission, type, discharging/last department before the DHC, discharging service line, and readmission risk category.

RESULTS
There was no significant difference in the readmission rate of the control group (9.74%) compared with the DHC group (9.93%), χ
2
1 (n = 3204) = 0.031, P = .86.

CONCLUSIONS
The results of this analysis do not indicate that being discharged from a DHC has an impact on readmission rates.
A Novel tp0548 Gene Type of Treponema pallidum Identified in Nanjing, China: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: KOU Cai-Xia , Wang Qian-Qiu , Zhang Jin-Ping , Liu Jin-Quan , Zhang Hai-Ni , Zhang Rui-Li 
Published: October 2020

Background
The tp0548 gene, hypothesized to encode for an outer-membrane protein, was originally used in the enhanced Centers for Disease Control and Prevention typing for molecular typing of Treponema pallidum. It plays an important role in the molecular epidemiology of Treponema because it is not only an important locus of multiple typing approaches but also suitable for strain typing of multiple Treponema subspecies.

Methods
A 27-year-old Chinese man attended the Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic in Nanjing, China, because of a genital ulcer and inguinal lymphadenopathy for 1 week. Workup consisted of microbiological and hematological investigations, and sequences analysis. The aims of this study were to describe a novel tp0548 sequence type “Qn” of this syphilis strain and to review all previously reported novel tp0548 genotypes.

Results
We identified a novel tp0548 gene type in a genital ulcer in a patient with primary syphilis in Nanjing, China. Using sequence alignment, we further found that this novel sequence was closely similar to “Q.” Following the nomenclature used in the enhanced Centers for Disease Control and Prevention typing methodology, the letters “Qn” was assigned to the new sequence type.

Conclusion
The novel tp0548 sequence type of T. pallidum not only expands the database up to 27 different sequence types but also indicates the substantial genetic diversity of the tp0548 gene sequence.
An Administrative Data-based Surrogate Definition Identifies Children Evaluated Beyond Physical Examination for Suspected Appendicitis
Authors: Glissmeyer Eric W. , Ryan Sydney , Dudley Nanette C. , Schunk Jeff E. , Nielsen Jeremy , Weng Cindy , Skarda David E. 
Published: October 2020

Introduction:
Previous studies have reported on the evaluation of patients diagnosed with appendicitis. Very little is known about all patients evaluated for suspected appendicitis. Patients evaluated beyond physical examination with laboratory and imaging testing, then found not to have appendicitis, are more difficult to identify. Data readily available in administrative databases may be used to identify these patients.

Methods:
A multidisciplinary team developed a surrogate definition for evaluating suspected appendicitis in children based on available administrative data. Appendicitis was “suspected” if the patient underwent ultrasonography of the appendix or had a chief complaint of abdominal pain with both complete blood count performed and the word “appendicitis” in the ED provider note. Performance characteristics described the surrogate definition’s ability to retrospectively identify patients evaluated for suspected appendicitis through comparison to a population identified via chart review.

Results:
Compared with manual chart review of 498 patients from June 2014, the surrogate definition identified patients evaluated beyond physical examination for suspected appendicitis with a sensitivity of 79.8%, a specificity of 96.3%, a positive predictive value of 83.3%, and a negative predictive value of 95.3%. Of the 94 patients evaluated beyond physical examination for suspected appendicitis, 37 (39%) underwent appendectomy.

Conclusions:
Health systems can retrospectively identify children evaluated beyond physical examination for appendicitis using discrete administrative data and a word search of clinical notes. This surrogate definition for evaluation of suspected appendicitis enables research in quality improvement efforts and health care resource utilization.