bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Determining Patients Requiring Prolonged Postanesthesia Care Unit Length of Stay After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Cao Bingbing , Li Li , Su Xiangfei , Zeng Jianfeng , weibing Guo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (LC) is a common surgical procedure for managing gallbladder disease. Prolonged length of stay (LOS) in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) may lead to overcrowding and a decline in medical resource utilization. In this work, we aimed to develop and validate a predictive nomogram for identifying patients who require prolonged PACU LOS.Methods: Data from 913 patients undergoing LC at a single institution in China between 2018 and 2019 were collected, and grouped into a training set (cases during 2018) and a test set (cases during 2019). Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model, the optimal feature was selected, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to build the prolonged PACU LOS risk model. The C-index, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis were used in assessing the model calibration, discrimination, and clinical application value, respectively. For external validation, the test set data was evaluated.Results: The predictive nomogram had 8 predictor variables for prolonged PACU LOS, including age, ASA grade, active smoker, gastrointestinal disease, liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. This model displayed efficient calibration and moderate discrimination with a C-index of 0.662 (95% confidence interval, 0.603 to 0.721) for the training set, and 0.609 (95% confidence interval, 0.549 to 0.669) for the test set. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the prolonged PACU LOS nomogram was reliable for clinical application when an intervention was decided at the possible threshold of 7%.Conclusions: We developed and validated a predictive nomogram with efficient calibration and moderate discrimination, and can be applied to identify patients most likely to be subjected to prolonged PACU LOS. This novel tool may shun overcrowding in PACU and optimize medical resource utilization.
Estimation of Energy Expenditure of Nordic Walking: A Crossover Trial
Authors: Baek Sora , Ha Yuncheol 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Nordic walking (NW) requires more energy compared with conventional walking (W). However, the metabolic equation for NW has not been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize responses in oxygen uptake (V̇O2), minute ventilation (V̇E), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and surface electromyography (sEMG) of the upper and lower limb muscles during NW and W and to develop a metabolic equation for energy expenditure (E) of NW.Methods: Fifty healthy young men constituted our sample (aged 23.7 ± 3.0 years). Two randomly assigned walking tests (NW and W) on a treadmill at a predetermined stepwise incremental walking speed (3–5 km·h-1) and grade (0%–7%). The V̇O2, V̇E, HR, and SBP were measured. The sEMG signals of the three upper limb muscles and three lower limb muscles in their right body were recorded. Linear regression analysis was used to draw estimation of EE during W and NW.Results: V̇O2 (+15.8%), V̇E (+17.0%), RR (+18.2%), HR (+8.4%), and SBP (+7.7%) were higher in NW than in W. NW resulted in increased muscle activity in all of the upper limb muscles (P<.05). In the lower limb, sEMG activities in two of the three lower limb muscles were increased in NW than in W only during level walking (P<.05). EE during W and NW was estimated as follows: EW = 4.4 + 0.09 × speed + 1.20 × speed × grade; ENW = 6.1 + 0.09 × speed + 1.19 × speed × grade.Conclusion: NW showed higher work intensity than W, with an oxygen consumption difference of 1.7 mL·kg-1·min-1. The coefficients were not different between the two walking methods. NW involved more muscles of the upper body than W.
Gap-analysis of DNA barcoding reference libraries for two taxon inventories
Authors: Paz Guy , Rinkevich Baruch 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAll-inclusive DNA barcoding libraries in the storage and analysis platform of the BoLD (Barcode of Life Data) system are essential for the study of the marine biodiversity and are pertinent for regulatory purposes, including ecosystem monitoring and assessment, such as in the context of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Here we investigate knowledge gaps in the lists of DNA barcoded organisms within the Cnidaria (Anthozoa and Hydrozoa) and Ascidiacea reference libraries of the European Register of Marine Species (ERMS) dataset (402 ascidians and 1200 cnidarian species). ERMS records were checked species by species, against publicly available sequence information and the other data stored in BoLD pages. ResultsResults revealed that just 22.9% and 29.2% of the listed ascidians and cnidarians species, respectively, are BoLD’s barcoded species, of which, 58.4% and 52.3% of the seemingly barcoded species, respectively, were noted to have complete BoLD pages. Thus, only 11.44% of the tunicate and 17.07% of the cnidarian data in the ERMS lists are of high quality. Deep analyses revealed seven common types of gaps in the list of the barcoded species in addition to a wide range of discrepancies and misidentifications, discordances and errors primarily in the GenBank mined data as with the BINs assignments, and more. ConclusionsGap knowledge in barcoding of important taxonomic marine groups exist and in addition, quality management elements (quality assurance and quality control) were not employed when using the list for national monitoring projects, for regulatory compliance purposes and other purposes. Even though Bold is the most trustable DNA barcoding reference library, worldwide projects of DNA barcoding are needed in order to close these gaps of mistakes, verifications, missing data and unreliable sequences labs. Tight quality control and quality assurance is important to close the knowledge gaps of Barcoding of the European recommended ERMS reference library.
Genomic outcomes from diverse SNP panels obtained with different de novo building-loci pipelines in a varied species context: Can pipelines be influencing biological interpretations?
Authors: Casanova Adrian , Maroso Francesco , Blanco Andrés , Hermida Miguel , Rios Nestor , Garcia Graciela , Manuzzi Alice , Zane Lorenzo , Verissimo Ana , Garcia-Marin Jose-Luis , Bouza Carmen , Vera Manuel , Martinez Paulino 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The irruption of Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) in the last decade has led to the identification of thousands of molecular markers and their genotyping for refined genomic screening. This approach has been especially useful for non-model organisms with limited genomic resources. Many building-loci pipelines have been developed to obtain robust single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) genotyping datasets using a de novo RAD-seq approach, i.e. without reference genomes. Here, the performances of two building-loci pipelines, STACKS 2 and Meyer’s 2b-RAD v2.1 pipeline, were compared using a diverse set of aquatic species representing different genomic and/or population structure scenarios. Two bivalve species (Manila clam and common edible cockle) and three fish species (brown trout, silver catfish and small-spotted catshark) were studied. Four SNP panels were evaluated in each species to test both different building-loci pipelines and criteria for SNP selection. Furthermore, for Manila clam and brown trout, a reference genome approach was used as control.
Results
Despite different outcomes were observed between pipelines and species with the diverse SNP calling and filtering steps tested, no remarkable differences were found on genetic diversity and differentiation within species with the SNP panels obtained with a de novo approach. The main differences were found in brown trout between the de novo and reference genome approaches. Genotyped vs missing data mismatches were the main genotyping difference detected between the two building-loci pipelines or between the de novo and reference genome comparisons.
Conclusions
Building-loci pipelines seem not to have a substantial influence on population genetics inference. Anyway, we recommend being careful with certain building-loci pipeline parameters and SNP filtering steps, especially when a de novo approach is used. Preliminary trials with subsets of data should be performed for comparison of genetic diversity and differentiation, but always considering the specific goals of the study.
KK-LC-1 May Be An Effective Prognostic Biomarker for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Ji Jun , Chen Jiahui , Wang Anqiang , Liu Yang , Li Leping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To detect the protein expression of Kitakyushu lung cancer antigen 1 (KK-LC-1) in gastric cancer (GC) specimens, and to analyze the linear association of KK-LC-1 protein expression with clinical pathological data and prognosis.Methods: A total of 94 patients in this study were all GC patients with surgical resection. KK-LC-1’s protein expression in GC tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry. This report applies Histological score (H-score) to evaluate KK-LC-1’s expression. Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used to analyze the linear association between KK-LC-1 expression and clinicopathological data and prognosis.Results: KK-LC-1’s protein expression in the cytoplasm of tumor tissue was found to be significantly higher than that in normal tissue (P <0.001). If we apply the median value of H-value as the cut-off point, it suggests that overall survival for GC patients with high KK-LC-1 expression levels in the cytoplasm was good (P = 0.016), and still had statistical significance after Cox regression analysis. At the same time, the study found that there was a negative correlation between KK-LC-1’s protein expression and the pathological grade of the tumor (P = 0.036).Conclusions: Our research data shows that KK-LC-1’s expression in GC is higher than that of normal tissues, which is associated with a longer overall survival in GC. KK-LC-1 can be used as a biomarker for GC patients with good prognosis.
Development of Targeted Therapy Therapeutics to Sensitize Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Chemosensitivity Utilizing Bacteriophage phi29 Derived Packaging RNA
Authors: Zhang Long , Mu Chaofeng , Zhang Tinghong , Yang Dejun , Fan Luhui , Liu Cong , Wang Chenou , Chen Qiong , Shen Jianliang , Li Huaqiong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To date, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment options are limited due to it lacks expression of receptors and are only available managed with chemotherapy. What's worse, TNBC is frequently developing resistance to chemotherapy. By using siRNA-based therapeutics, our recent work demonstrated X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) was linked to HER2+ breast cancer development and chemoresistance. As is well-known, the instability, off-target effects, net negative charge, and hydrophobicity of siRNA hamper its’ in vivo utilization and clinical transformation. Thus, the development of a siRNA delivery system (DDS) with ultra-stability and specificity is demanded to address the predicament of siRNA delivery.Results: Here, we assembled RNase resistant RNA nanoparticles (NPs) based on the 3WJ of Phi29 DNA packaging motor. To targeted therapy and sensitize TNBC to chemotherapy, the RNA NPs were equipped with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting aptamer and XBP1 siRNA. We found our RNA NPs could deplete XBP1 expression and suppress tumor growth after intravenous administration. Meanwhile, RNA NPs treatment could promote the sensitization of chemotherapy and impair angiogenesis in vivo. Conclusions: The results further demonstrate that our RNA NPs could serve as an effective and promising platform not only for siRNA delivery but also for chemotherapy-resistant TNBC therapy.
Recurrent and Concurrent Patterns of Regional BOLD Dynamics and Functional Connectivity Dynamics in Cognitive Decline
Authors: Liang Lingyan , Yuan Yueming , Wei Yichen , Yu Bihan , Mai Wei , Duan Gaoxiong , Nong Xiucheng , Li Chong , Su Jiahui , Zhao Lihua , Zhang Zhihuo , Deng Demao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The brain’s dynamic spontaneous neural activity and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) are both important in supporting cognition, but how these two types of brain dynamics evolve and co-evolve in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remain unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate recurrent and concurrent patterns of two types of dynamic brain states correlated with cognitive decline. Methods: the present study analyzed resting-state fMRI from 62 SCD, 75 MCI and 70 healthy controls (HC). Results: We identified a few recurrent states of dynamic regional spontaneous activity (measured as dynamic fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations, dfALFF) and dFC, and further ascertained the co-occurrent patterns of two types of dynamic brain states (i.e., dfALFF and dFC states). Importantly, the occurrence frequency of a default mode network (DMN)-dominated dFC state was significantly different between HC and SCD, while the co-occurrence frequency of a DMN-dominated dFC state and a DMN-dominated dfALFF state was significantly different between SCD and MCI. These two dynamic features were both significantly positively correlated with Mini Mental State Examination scores. Conclusion: This study discovered new neural signatures of cognitive decline from recurrent and concurrent patterns of dfALFF and dFC, providing strong evidence supporting SCD as the transition phase between normal aging and MCI. This finding holds the potential to differentiate SCD from HC by using both dFC and dfALFF as objective neuroimaging biomarkers, and thus helps the early diagnosis and intervention of AD.
Right ventricular failure in septic shock. Characterization, incidence and impact on fluid-responsiveness
Authors: Vieillard-Baron Antoine , Prigent Amélie , Repessé Xavier , Goudelin Marine , Prat Gwenaël , Evrard Bruno , Charron Cyril , Vignon Philippe , Geri Guillaume 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective Incidence of right ventricular (RV) failure in septic shock patients is not well-known and Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) could be of limited value. We report the incidence of RV failure in patients with septic shock, its potential impact on the response to fluids, as well as TAPSE values.Design Ancillary study of the HEMOPRED prospective multicenter study including patients under mechanical ventilation with circulatory failure.Setting Multicenter intensive care unit studyPatients 282 with septic shock were analyzed. Patients were classified in 3 groups based on central venous pressure (CVP) and RV size (RV/LV end-diastolic area, EDA). In group 1, patients had no RV dilatation (RV/LVEDA < 0.6). In group 2, patients had RV dilatation (RV/LVEDA ≥ 0.6) with a CVP < 8 mmHg (no venous congestion). RV failure was defined in group 3 by RV dilatation and a CVP ≥ 8 mmHg. Pulse pressure variation (PPV) was systematically recorded.Interventions NoneMeasurements And main results 41% of patients were in group 1, 17% in group 2 and 42% in group 3. A correlation between RV size and CVP was only observed in group 3. Higher RV size was associated with a lower response to passive leg raising for a given PPV. A large overlap of TAPSE values was observed between the 3 groups. 63.5% of patients with RV failure had anormal TAPSE.Conclusions RV failure, defined by critical care echocardiography (RV dilatation) and a surrogate of venous congestion (CVP ≥ 8 mmHg), was frequently observed in septic shock patients and negatively associated with response to a fluid challenge despite significant PPV. TAPSE was unable to discriminate patients with or without RV failure.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of ‘var. mysorensis’ form of Anopheles Stephensi
Authors: Khan Jehangir , Gholizadeh Saber , Zhang Meichun , Zhang Dongjing , Wu Yu , Zheng Xiaoying , Zhongdao Wu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Anopheles stephensi Listen (1901) is the major malaria vector in the Asia, and recently in some regions of Africa. This species includes three biological forms, namely “type”, “intermediate” and “mysorensis” with varying degree of vector competence for malaria parasites. To recognize these siblings of An. stephensi lab strain, we used the morphological features of eggs and several genetic markers i.e. Obp1 (odorant binding protein), mitochondrial oxidases subunit 1 and 2 (COI and COII), nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 locus (ITS2). Methods: Eggs were collected from individual mosquito (n = 50) and observed for the number of ridges under stereomicroscope. DNA was extracted from female mosquitoes. After amplifying fragments by using different genetic markers (Obp1, COI, COII and ITS2), the PCR products were purified and sequenced using Sanger Sequence Technology. Phylogenetic analysis was performed after aligning query sequences against the submitted sequences in GenBank using bioinformatics software. Results: The range of ridges number on each egg float was 12-13 that corresponds to the mysorensis form. Sequence analysis for COI, COII and ITS2 demonstrated 100%, 99.46% and 99.29% similarity of our species with other Chinese, Indian and Iranian strains of An. stephensi. All the sequences of Obp1 intron I region matched 100% with the previously submitted sequences for An. stephensi sibling C (mysorensis form) from Iran and Afghanistan.Conclusion: The current study elaborately describes the morphological and molecular details (sequence data) of the ‘mysorensis’ form of An. stephensi that could be helpful in elucidating its classification and also in its diﬀerentiation from other biotypes of the same and other similar anophelines species. Our findings confirmed OBP1 as the only genetic marker that successfully recognized our lab strain (mysorensis form/ sibling C). Thus using OBP1 (alone) may be very phenomenal in similar studies in the future. Future studies should involve the development of appropriate and reliable molecular keys (for sibling species identification) complementary to morphological keys.
Validation of Subscales of the Severe Asthma Questionnaire (SAQ) Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)
Authors: Lanario Joseph W. , Hyland Michael , Menzies-Gow Andrew , Mansur Adel H , Dodd James W. , Fowler Stephen J , Jones Rupert C , Masoli Matthew 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe Severe Asthma Questionnaire (SAQ) is a health related quality of life (HRQoL) questionnaire validated for use in severe asthma. It is scored using the mean value of 16 items (SAQ score) in addition to a single item global rating of HRQoL (SAQ-global). The aim was to validate clinically relevant subscales by following best practice guidelines of exploratory factor analysis (EFA).MethodsThe SAQ was completed, along with measures of asthma control and EQ5D-5L by patients attending six UK severe asthma centres. Clinical data were included in the analysis. EFA using principal axis factoring and promax rotation was used to achieve best fit to data. Results460 patients participated, 65% women, mean age 51 (16-83) yrs. A three factor solution achieved best fit and showed that the SAQ items formed three distinct but inter-correlated groups of items where items were grouped in a way that was consistent with item content. The three subscales were differentially associated with clinically relevant variables (lung function and mood). Males and females interpreted the question of night disturbance in different ways.ConclusionsThe 16 items of the SAQ can be scored as a single overall score or as three subscales with content reflecting three different constructs people with severe asthma use when making judgements about their lives. The subscale ‘My Life’ assesses the impact of severe asthma on different life activities, ‘My Mind’ assesses the perceived emotional impact and ‘My Body’ the impact of extra-pulmonary symptoms and side effects.
Investigating effects of preoperative inflammatory biomarkers on predicting survival outcomes of peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma after curative resection.
Authors: Zhang Zeyu , Zhou Yufan , Hu Kuan , Huang Yun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) stands as the second most common malignant tumor in liver with poor patient prognosis. Increasing evidences have shown that inflammation plays a significant role in tumor progression, angiogenesis and metastasis. However, the prognosis significance of inflammatory biomarkers on recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in peripheral ICC patients is poorly recognized.Methods: Peripheral ICC patients who underwent curative hepatectomy and diagnosed pathologically were retrospectively analyzed. Inflammatory biomarkers, including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), were investigated.Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed no significance in NLR, PLR and LMR in RFS and OS, while significant results were shown on SII in both RFS (P = 0.035) and OS (P = 0.034) with areas under ROC curve as 0.63 (95%CI: 0.52–0.74) and 0.62 (95%CI: 0.51–0.72), respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed statistically significant better survival data in SII-low groups on both RFS (P༜0.001) and OS (P༜0.001). The univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that higher level of SII was independently associated with both poorer RFS time and OS time. However, no significant result was shown on NLR, PLR or LMR.Conclusion: SII is an effective prognostic factor for predicting the prognosis of peripheral ICC patient undergone curative hepatectomy, while NLR, PLR and LMR are not associated with clinical outcomes of these patients.
Geospatial evaluation of drought resilience in sub-basins of Mahanadi river in India
Authors: Rajput Preeti , Sinha Manish Kumar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Development is said to be sustainable in respect of drought if the effect has been absorbed by the existing system. Occurrence of drought depends on physiographical, climatic factors and optimum utilization of available resources of the river basin. This study aims to evaluate the vulnerability and resilience of river basin systems for the identification of priority areas under drought susceptibility for three different river basins, namely Arpa, Kharun and Upper Seonath of Mahanadi river in central India, as a pilot area for this study. The study represents an approach to evaluate the drought susceptibility of river basins based on physiographical factors and anthropogenic activities. A model proposed for vulnerability assessment based on variables of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity, and a geospatial database of basin characteristics contributing to vulnerability, was generated using remote sensing and a geographic information system. Multi-criteria decision analysis was done to evaluate the influence of river basin characteristics, population load and land-use/cover on drought susceptibility for assessing the drought vulnerability of the river basin and suggest the solution for the optimum utilization of natural resources according to the river basin characteristics. The result of this study demarcates the area in four categories of Extremely vulnerable, Moderately vulnerable, Vulnerable and Not vulnerable. On the analysis, only 3.86% of Upper Seonath is Not vulnerable, followed by Kharun basin having 15.59% as Not vulnerable area and 48.23% of the area of Arpa river basin identified as Not vulnerable. Arpa river basin is least affected by drought due to its lower population density and high coverage of forest and agriculture area.