bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Centrality Measures of Network Nodes based on Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Eremeev Igor , Tatarka Maxim , Shuvaev Fedor , Tsyganov Andrey 
Published: December 2020

. The analysis of networks of a diverse nature, which are citation networks, social networks or information and communication networks, includes the study of topological properties that allow one to assess the relationships between network nodes and evaluate various characteristics, such as the density and diameter of the network, related subgroups of nodes, etc. For this, the network is represented as a graph – a set of vertices and edges between them. One of the most important tasks of network analysis is to estimate the significance of a node (or in terms of graph theory – a vertex). For this, various measures of centrality have been developed, which make it possible to assess the degree of significance of the nodes of the network graph in the structure of the network under consideration.
The existing variety of measures of centrality gives rise to the problem of choosing the one that most fully describes the significance and centrality of the node.
The relevance of the work is due to the need to analyze the centrality measures to determine the significance of vertices, which is one of the main tasks of studying networks (graphs) in practical applications.
The study made it possible, using the principal component method, to identify collinear measures of centrality, which can be further excluded both to reduce the computational complexity of calculations, which is especially important for networks that include a large number of nodes, and to increase the reliability of the interpretation of the results obtained when evaluating the significance node within the analyzed network in solving practical problems.
In the course of the study, the patterns of representation of various measures of centrality in the space of principal components were revealed, which allow them to be classified in terms of the proximity of the images of network nodes formed in the space determined by the measures of centrality used.
Prevention of Transcutaneous Sensitization to Cow Milk Proteins in Infants with Atopic Dermatitis: Cohort Study
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Makarova Svetlana G. , Grigorev Stepan G. , Fedorov Dmitri V. , Ivanov Roman A. , Ambarchian Eduard T. , Epishev Roman V. , Materikin Alexander I. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Savelova Alena A. 
Published: December 2020

Background. Malformations in epidermal barrier in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) can cause transcutaneous sensitization with further development of allergic diseases that can worsen the AD course and significantly reduces patients’ quality of life.Objective. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of topical treatment and maintenance therapy with pimecrolimus 1% cream (PIM) and topical glucocorticosteroids (tGCS) in infants with AD on reducing the risk of developing transcutaneous sensitization (due to the levels of specific IgE to the cow milk protein over time) and on reducing the disease severity (by the EASI scale).Methods. The study included children aged from 1 to 4 months with early manifestations of moderate and severe AD. The severity of AD was estimated via the EASI scale at start of observation, then at 6, 9 and 12 months of life. The class and level of specific IgE to cow milk proteins (CMP) were determined by the ImmunoCAP method at the point of enrolment and at the ages of 6 and 12 months. Statistical analysis of studied indicators dynamics and their comparison in research groups was carried out using multifactorial dispersion analysis.Results. The study included 36 patients. All patients have received standard tGCS therapy in combination with emollients (wet wrap) for 10 days. The maintenance therapy was prescribed in postacute period. It included topical calcineurin inhibitor PIM 2 times/day for 3 months, then double application (morning/evening) 3 times/week up to the age of 1 year old (group 1). Other group had maintenance therapy — tGCS2 times/week for 3 months, and then at AD aggravation (group 2). Group 1 has shown lower level of sensitization to CMP at the age of 6 and 12 months and more significant decrease in AD severity according to EASI scale compared to group 2.Conclusion. The treatment with PIM is effective in therapy of AD and prevention of transcutaneous sensitization in infants.
Multimorbidity in Pediatric Dermatology: Clinical Case
Authors: Murashkin Nikolay N. , Materikin Alexander I. , Ambarchian Eduard T. , Epishev Roman V. , Opryatin Leonid A. , Ivanov Roman A. , Kukoleva Daria S. , Kuptsova Daria G. , Pushkov Alexander A. , Pomazanova Marina Yu. , Kozyr Yana V. 
Published: December 2020

Background. Nowadays, dermatoses with mixed clinical picture and resistant to classical management become more common. The presence of various genetic disorders typical for most chronic dermatoses may indicate possible combination of several nosologies.Clinical Case Description. The article presents the clinical case of multimorbid condition in 10 years old patient who has nucleotide variants in CARD14 and EXPH5 genes. Mutations in CARD14 gene are typical for patients with type 2 psoriasis and pityriasis rubra pilaris (autosomal dominant type), while mutations in EXPH5 gene are typical for patients with non-specific epidermolysis bullosa (autosomal recessive type). Mutation in the TGM1 gene that is described in patients with congenital ichthyosis (autosomal recessive type), pathogenic mutations in KRT74 gene typical for ectodermal dysplasia, hypotrichosis and uncombable hair syndrome, and mutations in the KRT86 gene typical for monilethrix were also revealed. Medical history taking and histological examination as well as clinical data evaluating are crucial for correct diagnosis. They allow to understand the absence of the such manifestations in relatives and reveal various pathological processes in the epidermis. Molecular genetic testing with new generation sequencing (NGS) helps to finally establish the diagnosis and determine the further tactics for patient management.Conclusion. Multidisciplinary approach and use of high-technology methods of examination and treatment (such as molecular genetic testing and biological therapy) are required for final diagnosis in severe forms of chronic dermatosis resistant to treatment and for decision on correct tactics for the further management of such patients.
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma with Generalized Skin Lesion in Childhood: Clinical Case
Authors: Valiev Timur T. , Belysheva Tatyana S. , Varfolomeeva Svetlana R. 
Published: December 2020

Background. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) represents 15% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) in children, and it is characterized by aggressive course and involvement of various organs and systems (including skin) in the pathological process. Skin tumors at NHL in childhood are rare. Thus, cases of skin localization are more oftenly diagnosed at ALCL among all morphoimmunologic variants of NHLs. The description of any new case of skin lesions in patients with ALCL has undeniable interest and scientific and practical significance due to its extremely rare frequency.Clinical Case Description. Patient G., 11 years old, has firstly noted inflammatory nodes on the skin of scrotum. The generalization of skin lesions on tibia, face, lymph nodes and bones was recorded due to late admission to the hospital. The inflammatory-necrotic process has been revealed at skin histological examination. Local antiseptic and antibacterial therapies were ineffective. The ALCL was diagnosed on morphoimmunologic re-examination of the skin. Life expectancy after disease manifestation to patient’s death was 6 months.Conclusion. Rare cases of skin involvement at ALCL require mandatory histological and immunohistochemical examinations. Second biopsy with reconsideration of histological preparations in the reference center may be necessary due to clinical-laboratory picture of the inflammatory process accompanying the tumor itself.
La importancia del auto-engaño en la Fenomenología del espíritu
Authors: Von dem Bussche Rivera Matías 
Published: December 2020

El presente estudio tiene por objetivo demostrar lo siguiente: que no es posible comprender suficientemente, al menos en un aspecto, el método de ejecución(Methode der Ausführung) de la Fenomenología del espíritu como “la exposición del saber que aparece” (die Darstellung des erscheinenden Wissens), si es que no se comprende la relación que tiene dicho método de ejecución con la temática del auto-engaño. Este objetivo se lleva a cabo de la siguiente manera: 1) se propone el tipo de relación que se busca establecer entre el concepto de “auto-engaño” y el método de ejecución, 2) se presentan las notas que les corresponden a ambos y 3) se argumenta en orden a demostrar que el método de ejecución no se puede comprender rectamente sino en relación con la temática del auto-engaño.
"Nadie sabe lo que puede un cuerpo". Historia de la inversión de un error
Authors: Aguilar Claudia 
Published: December 2020

La frase “nadie sabe lo que puede un cuerpo” se la retoma generalmente para plantear la indeterminación de los cuerpos o el poder ilimitado de ellos. Sin embargo, algo que no se tiene en cuenta es que uno de los puntos centrales de la filosofía spinoziana es la doble atribución; por lo que mente y cuerpo son una sola y misma cosa vista desde distintos atributos de la única sustancia. Para explicar esta frase, que nunca aparece formulada de esa manera en las obras de Spinoza, considero que es crucial la noción de individuo. Mi hipótesis es que dicha afirmación es inadecuada si partimos de la doble atribución y si consideramos las caracterizaciones del individuo. Mis objetivos son dos: (1) desarrollar las caracterizaciones del individuo como cuerpo complejo y conatus para abordar cómo estas caracterizaciones responden a la pregunta por lo que puede un cuerpo y (2) analizar el escolio que dio lugar a la frase del título, frase que invierte erróneamente un viejo error.
Phýsis krýptesthai phileî. Naturaleza y metafísca en la crisis de Ser y tiempo
Authors: Grasset Jean-Paul 
Published: December 2020

En este artículo, expondré el concepto heideggeriano de phýsis entre los años 1927-30. Este concepto aparece en la doctrina de la Welteingang des Seienden, en el marco de una ‘radicalización de la ontología’, proyecto metafísico que luego hará crisis y llevará a Heidegger a reinterpretar la pregunta por el sentido del ser como pregunta por la verdad del Ser. Mostraré que la cuestión de la phýsis aporta elementos en esa crisis y posterior cambio de enfoque, en el ámbito filosófico-histórico y en el fenomenológico. Mi hipótesis es que el empleo del concepto de phýsis en el contexto de la doctrina de la Welteingang des Seienden es un recurso especulativo que pretende aclarar el sentido en que el ente natural es, pero sin aparecer dentro del mundo, en términos de ‘tránsito’ desde el completo ocultamiento (phýsis) al desocultamiento (alétheia). Esto tendrá consecuencias respecto a la evaluación de la tradición metafísica, entendida como un preguntar por la phýsis en el doble sentido de ente en totalidad y ser de lo ente o esencialidad.
The relationship between nitric oxide and cadmium toxicity in wheat (triticum aestivum L.) seedlings
Authors: ÇANAKCI GÜLENGÜL Songül , ÖZŞAHİN KİREÇCİ Ayşe Dilek , OKUTAN Tuba 
Published: December 2020

In this study, biochemical responds against different cadmium concentrations (25 µM, 50 µM and 75 µM) in seedlings belonging to three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties applied to different SNP (25 µM and 50 µM) concentrations. As the material of the study, fifteen days old seedlings of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were used. In all applications carried out to the seedlings, hydroponic method was preferred. The seedlings were divided into three groups in which pretreatment of SNP for 48 hours were done. After that, different concentrations of cadmium were applied to these three groups to except controls (pure water and SNPs). In addition, reduced glutathione (GSH) / oxidized glutathione (GSSG) ratio, catalase (CAT) with superokside glutathione (SOD) activities were detected in the leaves.
According to the obtained results, (GSH) / (GSSG) ratio reduced in all three varieties; CAT activity was reduced in Bayraktar and Ikizce, but it was increased in Tosunbey. SOD activity was increased all three varieties. The most prominent responses of SOD enzyme activity in the leaves of wheat seedlings were determined in Tosunbey wheats. When the results are evaluated, generally, 50 µM of SNP pre-application was found as more successful than 25 µM of SNP application in terms of attenuating Cd toxicity. SNP was found to have a mitigating effect against Cd depending on the dose.
Coded Random Access Technique Based on Repetition Codes for Prioritizing Emergency Communication
Authors: Ni'amah Khoirun , Larasati Solichah , Hikmaturokhman Alfin , Amanaf Muntaqo Alfin , Danisya Achmad Rizal 
Published: December 2020

This research uses repetition codes based on Coded Random Access (CRA) to support Internet of Things (IoT) to give priority to emergency commutations in super-dense networks. Degree distribution for emergency group and general group are obtained with extrinsic information transfer (EXIT) analysis to achieve small error performance shown by the very small gap between emergency group curve and general group curve. This research also evaluates performance by observing throughput and packet-loss rate (PLR) parameters from every groups. Offered traffic in PLR for emergency group user is G= 0,7 packet/slot without fading and G= 0,65 packet/slot with fading, while for public group is G=0,699 packet/slot without fading and G=0,42 packet/slot with fading. Peak throughput for emergency group is G= 0,737 packet/slot without fading and G= 0,729 packet/slot with fading. Peak Throughput for public group is G= 0,699 packet/slot without fading and G=0,685 packet/slot with fading. Throughput values of emergency group are higher than those of the general group, indicating successful process of giving priority for emergency group.
The Current Role and Prospects of Electrophysiological Research Methods in Ophthalmology. Literature Review
Authors: Kazajkin V. N. , Ponomarev V. O. , Lizunov A. V. , Zhdanov A. E. , Dolganov A. Yu. , Borisov V. I. 
Published: December 2020

Electrophysiological research today remains an important method for the objective assessment of the functional state of the components of the visual analyzer.There are methods, for example, OCT, that can objectively assess the structural and anatomical integrity of the retina, however, only indirectly shows functional activity. The undoubted advantage of EFR is the ability, excluding the subjectivity of the subject, to perform a functional topographic assessment of the malfunction of all systems of the visual analyzer. Private electrophysiology of the vision organ is represented by a variety of methods for recording the electrobiological activity of the cells of the visual analyzer: ERG, EOG, VEP, mfERG (multifocal electroretinography), and each option is directed to a separate part of it, therefore, to complete the picture, in particular in research works on animal models may use several techniques. In general, the limitation of EFR is its complexity and many confounding factors that can affect the result, ranging from stimulation parameters to the state of the patient himself. At the same time, the main area of prospective use of electrophysiological research is differential diagnosis, preclinical toxicology and scientific and experimental models. However, in recent decades, the active introduction of registration methods, including the appearance of multifocal electroretinography, as well as changes in the conditions of electrophysiological studies, open up new possibilities for the future evolution of the method. Classical methods for evaluating EFR data, taking into account the growth of data flow, do not provide detailed qualitative and quantitative information about the state of the visual analyzer. This leaves the possibility and the need for the study, optimization and algorithmization of the assessment data of the differentiated criteria inherent for a particular ocular pathology. EFRs require simpler and more adapted protocols for clinical practice, allowing a strictly differentiated approach to the smallest anatomical and functional changes, based on open databases and modern adaptation based on artificial intelligence.
Algorithm for Performing Laser Iridectomy in Patients with Angle-Closure Glaucoma and Concomitant Somatic Pathology
Authors: Belikova E. I. , Sharova G. A. 
Published: December 2020

Тhe main treatment for angle-closure glaucoma is laser iridectomy. Somatic comorbidity (autoimmune, allergic, chronic infectious diseases) affects the results of laser iridectomy.Purpose: to evaluate in practice the algorithm for applying the method of laser iridectomy in compliance with preventive measures, including medical support before and after surgery, both in patients with concomitant somatic pathology and without it.Patients and methods. The analysis of combined laser iridectomy’s results in 61 patients (94 eyes) was carried out. A method was used to determine the tactics of management the patients with latent stage of angle-closure glaucoma and pigment dispersion syndrome (Patent RU N 2726404), including an assessment of the general immune status based on information about somatic diseases and medications taken. Combined laser iridectomy was performed in two stages in one visit. The first stage is coagulation in the projection of the lacunae at the periphery of the iris; at the second stage, two through holes were formed. All patients received medication in accordance with the algorithm. The level of reactive hypertension was assessed in 1 hour after surgery, on the first and seventh days after the intervention.Results. In case of standard medical support for laser iridectomy, the level of reactive hypertension is higher in the group of patients with concomitant somatic pathology than without it. Adding additions to the standard drug regimen in a group of patients with impaired general immune status ensures that the target intraocular pressure is achieved. The use of an algorithm for performing laser iridectomy in patients with angle-closure glaucoma and concomitant somatic pathology makes it possible to achieve the target intraocular pressure early after surgery and to avoid complications.
The Long-Term Results of ReLEX® SMILE Depending on the Degree of the Corrected Myopia
Authors: Klokova O. A. , Damashauskas R. O. , Kostenev S. V. , Kalaidin E. N. 
Published: December 2020

The purpose: prospective study of the long-term refractive and visual results of ReLEx® SMILE, depending on the degree of corrected myopia.Material and methods. The three study groups included 71 patients; the mean age was 26.48 ± 5.5 years. Group I consisted of 20 patients (39 eyes) mean SE –2.62 ± 0.87 D, group II — 26 patients (51 eyes), mean SE 4.68 ± 0.74 D, Group III — 25 patients (47 eyes), mean SE 6.88 ± 0.72 D. All patients underwent femtolaser correction of myopia using the ReLEx® SMILE method with the VisuMax™ laser system (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG).Results. Uncorrected visual acuity of 09 — 1.0 was noted in 34 eyes (87.2 %) in group I, in II — in 43 eyes (84.3 %), in 37 eyes (78.7 %) in group III. The efficiency coefficient was 1.0 in groups I — II and 0.89 in group III. There was no decrease in corrected visual acuity (CVA) during the correction of mild and moderate myopia, in group III it was recorded by 0.1 in two cases (4 %), by 0.2 in one case (2 %), the safety factor in I — II groups 1.0, in III 0,89. Two years after ReLEx® SMILE, refraction of ± 0.5 D from planned in the study groups was achieved, respectively, in 94.9, 88.2, 76.6 % of cases, ± 1.0 D in 100 % of cases in I, II groups, in 97 % of cases in III group. The predictability coefficient was 0.95 in group I, 0.88 in group II, and 0.77 in group III. Refractive regression compared with the results 1 month postoperatively was 0.08 D in group I, 0.1 D in group II, and 0.16 D in group III. Analysis of the long-term results of ReLEx® SMILE allows us to conclude: the method is safe and effective, provides high predictability of refractive results in correcting various degrees of myopia. Further study of the long-term results of the operation, the creation and use of nomograms, taking into account the individual characteristics of the cornea, will improve the predictability and stability of refractive results in the correction of high myopia.
The Effectiveness of PCR in Diagnosis of Fungal Keratitis
Authors: Krichevskaya G. I. , Kovaleva L. A. , Zyurnyayeva I. D. , Makarov P. V. , Andryushin A. E. 
Published: December 2020

Fungi implicated in mycotic keratitis include different species. Conventional methods for the diagnosis of fungal keratitis include staining of corneal scarpings, culture medium (Sabouraud agar) for isolating fungi.Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of fungal etiology in comparison with the conventional diagnostic methods in cases with suspected fungal corneal ulcer.Patients and methods. Seven patients with severe corneal ulcers with more than 3 weeks duration. Corneal scarpings and corneal buttons from seven patients who had undergone therapeutic keratoplasty were used for microbiological and PCR analysis. PCR diagnostic kits for the differential detection of Candida albicans DNA and total fungi DNA (DNA Fungi), which allows to identify most pathogenic fungi without determining their species were used. Microbiological methods: microscopy of gramstained smears, culture techniques, including selective for fungi agar Saburo with chloramphenicol.Results. PCR: Fragments of all corneas removed from keratoplasty (6 patients) revealed fungal-common DNA (Fungi DNA) and did not detect Candida albicans DNA, which correlated with sowing results on Saburo medium (mold fungi found in 5 of 6 corneas). Fungi DNA was also detected in the corneal scraps taken prior to surgery; however, growth of fungi during sowing on various nutrient media was not found.Conclusion. Corneal fungal ulcers are a serious disease, often leading to visual disability. The rapid determination of etiology and the correct choice of therapy determines the outcomes of the disease. The advantage of PCR over the culture method: the speed of obtaining results (4 hours instead of 3–7 days); high sensitivity, which allows detecting fungi not only in the tissue of the removed cornea, but also in scrapes from the cornea ulcer of patients who previously received antifungal therapy. The presence of commercial kits for differential detection of fungal-common DNA and DNA of Candida albicans extends the possibilities of PCR in the screening diagnosis of fungal keratitis and the selection of drugs before determining the type of pathogen.