bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin of Hot Bubble in NGC 6822 Hubble V Star-Forming Region
Authors: Lee Hye-In , Oh Heeyoung , Lim Beomdu , Le Huynh Anh N. , Lee Sungho , Mace Gregory , Jaffe Daniel T. , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Park Sangwook , Pak Soojong 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe observed a bright H II complex, Hubble V in NGC 6822, using the high-resolution near-infrared spectrograph IGRINS (R = 45,000) attached on the 2.7 m telescope at the McDonald Observatory. We carried out a spectral mapping over a 15″ × 18″ region in the H and K bands using a slit-scanning technique. The emission lines Brγ and He i from ionized regions as well as molecular hydrogen lines from photo-dissociation regions (PDRs), were detected. We show three-dimensional maps of the emission lines and discuss the possibility of an expanding hot bubble structure within which many ionized components are around the central stellar cluster.
Galactic Winds in Low-Mass Galaxies
Authors: McQuinn Kristen B. W. , van Zee Liese , Skillman Evan D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMass-loss via stellar-feedback driven outflows is predicted to play a critical role in the baryon cycle of low-mass galaxies. However, observational constraints on warm winds are limited as outflows are transient, intrinsically low-surface brightness events and, thus, difficult to detect. Here, we search for outflows in a sample of eleven nearby starburst dwarf galaxies which are strong candidates for outflows. Despite deep H? imaging on galaxies, only a fraction of the sample show evidence of winds. The spatial extent of all detected ionized gas is limited and would still be considered part of the ISM by simulations. These new observations indicate that the physical extent of warm phase outflows is modest and most of the mass will be recycled to the galaxy. The sample is part of the panchromatic STARBurst IRegular Dwarf Survey (STARBIRDS) designed to characterize the starburst phenomenon and its impact on the evolution of low-mass galaxies.
Scalar Simulation and Parameterization of Water Table Dynamics in Tropical Peatlands
Authors: Cobb Alexander R. , Harvey Charles F. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPeatlands cover many low‐lying areas in the tropics. Tropical peatlands are intriguing systems because of their tight coupling between hydrology and carbon storage: They accumulate carbon over thousands of years because of waterlogging, and they remain waterlogged after growing into domed shapes because peat restricts drainage. This feedback between waterlogging and landscape morphology generates landforms with special hydrologic properties that enable simplifications of standard watershed models. In natural tropical peatlands, the water table is always near the surface and infiltration is almost immediate. In addition, water table fluctuations relative to the peat surface are remarkably uniform across tropical peatlands because these peatlands acquire shapes with a uniform topographic wetness index. In this paper, we show that because of these distinctive properties, simple hydrologic models that represent the hydraulic state of a catchment by a scalar quantity that describes total water storage are useful and physically meaningful in tropical peatlands. We demonstrate how to efficiently derive hillslope‐scale parameterizations of transmissivity and specific yield as functions of water table height for a tropical peatland from water table, rainfall, and topographic data. Our findings suggest that natural tropical peatland subcatchments could be usefully modeled as single hydrologic response units for river flow and flood forecasting.
Recent advances in the detection of base modifications using the Nanopore sequencer
Authors: Xu Liu , Seki Masahide 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDNA and RNA modifications have important functions, including the regulation of gene expression. Existing methods based on short-read sequencing for the detection of modifications show difficulty in determining the modification patterns of single chromosomes or an entire transcript sequence. Furthermore, the kinds of modifications for which detection methods are available are very limited. The Nanopore sequencer is a single-molecule, long-read sequencer that can directly sequence RNA as well as DNA. Moreover, the Nanopore sequencer detects modifications on long DNA and RNA molecules. In this review, we mainly focus on base modification detection in the DNA and RNA of mammals using the Nanopore sequencer. We summarize current studies of modifications using the Nanopore sequencer, detection tools using statistical tests or machine learning, and applications of this technology, such as analyses of open chromatin, DNA replication, and RNA metabolism.
A prospective international multi-center study on safety and efficacy of deep brain stimulation for resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Menchón José M. , Real Eva , Alonso Pino , Aparicio Marco Alberto , Segalas Cinto , Plans Gerard , Luyten Laura , Brunfaut Els , Matthijs Laurean , Raymakers Simon , Bervoets Chris , Higueras Antonio , Katati Majed , Guerrero José , Hurtado Mariena , Prieto Mercedes , Stieglitz Lennart H. , Löffelholz Georg , Walther Sebastian , Pollo Claudio , Zurowski Bartosz , Tronnier Volker , Kordon Andreas , Gambini Orsola , Ranieri Rebecca , Franzini Angelo , Messina Giuseppe , Radu-Djurfeldt Diana , Schechtmann Gaston , Chen Long-Long , Eitan Renana , Israel Zvi , Bergman Hagai , Brelje Tim , Brionne Thomas C. , Conseil Aurélie , Gielen Frans , Schuepbach Michael , Nuttin Bart , Gabriëls Loes 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDeep brain stimulation (DBS) has been proposed for severe, chronic, treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients. Although serious adverse events can occur, only a few studies report on the safety profile of DBS for psychiatric disorders. In a prospective, open-label, interventional multi-center study, we examined the safety and efficacy of electrical stimulation in 30 patients with DBS electrodes bilaterally implanted in the anterior limb of the internal capsule. Safety, efficacy, and functionality assessments were performed at 3, 6, and 12 months post implant. An independent Clinical Events Committee classified and coded all adverse events (AEs) according to EN ISO14155:2011. All patients experienced AEs (195 in total), with the majority of these being mild (52% of all AEs) or moderate (37%). Median time to resolution was 22 days for all AEs and the etiology with the highest AE incidence was ‘programming/stimulation’ (in 26 patients), followed by ‘New illness, injury, condition’ (13 patients) and ‘pre-existing condition, worsening or exacerbation’ (11 patients). Sixteen patients reported a total of 36 serious AEs (eight of them in one single patient), mainly transient anxiety and affective symptoms worsening (20 SAEs). Regarding efficacy measures, Y-BOCS reduction was 42% at 12 months and the responder rate was 60%. Improvements in GAF, CGI, and EuroQol-5D index scores were also observed. In sum, although some severe AEs occurred, most AEs were mild or moderate, transient and related to programming/stimulation and tended to resolve by adjustment of stimulation. In a severely treatment-resistant population, this open-label study supports that the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks of DBS.
Satb2 is required for the regionalization of retrosplenial cortex
Authors: Zhang Lei , Song Ning-Ning , Zhang Qiong , Mei Wan-Ying , He Chun-Hui , Ma Pengcheng , Huang Ying , Chen Jia-Yin , Mao Bingyu , Lang Bing , Ding Yu-Qiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe retrosplenial cortex (Rsp) is a transitional cortex located between the neocortex and archicortex, but the molecular mechanism specifying Rsp from the archicortex remains elusive. We here report that the transcription factor Satb2 is required for specifying Rsp identity during its morphogenesis. In Satb2 CKO mice, the boundary between the Rsp and archicortex [i.e., subiculum (SubC)] disappears as early as E17.5, and Rsp efferent projection is aberrant. Rsp-specific genes are lost, whereas SubC-specific genes are ectopically expressed in Rsp of Satb2 CKO mice. Furthermore, cell-autonomous role of Satb2 in maintaining Rsp neuron identity is revealed by inactivation of Satb2 in Rsp neurons. Finally, Satb2 represses the transcription of Nr4a2. The misexpression of Nr4a2 together with Ctip2 induces expression of SubC-specific genes in wild-type Rsp, and simultaneous knockdown of these two genes in Rsp Satb2-mutant cells prevents their fate transition to SubC identity. Thus, Satb2 serves as a determinant gene in the Rsp regionalization by repressing Nr4a2 and Ctip2 during cortical development.
Release of sugars and fatty acids from heavy oil biodegradation by common hydrolytic enzymes
Authors: Mislan Michael , Gates Ian D. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn response to recent advances in understanding relating to the remarkable persistence of soil organic matter during burial and diagenesis, we examine the extent to which bitumen compositionally reflects the soil organic matter from which it was derived. Through a simple set of experiments, exposure of bitumen to lipase and cellulase, two enzymes effective in the biodegradation of soil organic matter, resulted in the release of glycerin, palmitic and oleic fatty acids from lipase digestion in addition to the release of glucose, alkylphenols and acyclic polyols from fermentation with cellulase, consistent with the products expected these enzymes. These results are significant in that they suggest that heavy oils are more similar to their soil precursor than previously thought, that biodegradation of bitumen can be accelerated using common over the counter enzymes in aerobic conditions and that heavy oils, which are 1000 times more abundant than coal, can release similar biomolecules as those generated in bioreactor culture or biomass harvest, using two of the most abundantly produced enzymes presently available.
Identification and profiling of microRNAs expressed in oral buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma of Chinese hamster
Authors: Xu Guo-qiang , Li Li-hong , Wei Jia-ning , Xiao Lan-fei , Wang Xiao-tang , Pang Wen-biao , Yan Xiao-yan , Chen Zhao-yang , Song Guo-hua 
Published: October 2019

AbstractMicroRNAs are known to play essential role in the gene expression regulation in cancer. In our research, next-generation sequencing technology was applied to explore the abnormal miRNA expression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in Chinese hamster. A total of 3 novel miRNAs (Novel-117, Novel-118, and Novel-135) and 11 known miRNAs (crg-miR-130b-3p, crg-miR-142-5p, crg-miR-21-3p, crg-miR-21-5p, crg-miR-542-3p, crg-miR-486-3p, crg-miR-499-5p, crg-miR-504, crg-miR-34c-5p, crg-miR-34b-5p and crg-miR-34c-3p) were identified. We conducted functional analysis, finding that 340 biological processes, 47 cell components, 46 molecular functions were associated with OSCC. Meanwhile the gene expression of Caspase-9, Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were determined by qRT-PCR and the protein expression of PTEN and p-AKT by immunohistochemistry. Our research proposed further insights to the profiles of these miRNAs and provided a basis for investigating the regulatory mechanisms involved in oral cancer research.
Association between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and blood glucose level at admission in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Fan , Ren Yanming , Fu Wei , Wang Yuelong , Qian Juan , Tao Chuanyuan , You Chao , Yang Mu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPrevious studies indicated that both inflammatory responses and hyperglycemia are involved in the similar pathophysiological mechanisms after onset of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However the relationship between hyperglycemia and inflammation remains unknown. We aim to evaluate the associations of hyperglycemia with inflammation and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with ICH. Patients with acute ICH were retrospectively enrolled. Clinical characteristics and imaging features were obtained. The associations between outcome and laboratory biomarkers were assessed by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Spearman analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to estimate the association of NLR and serum glucose. 175 patients were enrolled. Poor outcome occurred in 86 patients at 30 days. Elevated blood glucose level (BGL) and NLR were strongly associated with outcome in patients with ICH. Moreover, combined NLR-BGL exhibited a better predictive accuracy compared with the peripheral leukocyte counts. Furthermore, there was a robust association between BGL and NLR. We first demonstrated both of NLR and BGL were independently associated with each other. Our results indicate that inflammatory responses and the pathological process of hyperglycemia may influence each other by several complex pathological mechanisms and have a mutual promoting effect to secondary brain injury.
The subcellular localization of bHLH transcription factor TCF4 is mediated by multiple nuclear localization and nuclear export signals
Authors: Greb-Markiewicz Beata , Kazana Wioletta , Zarębski Mirosław , Ożyhar Andrzej 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTranscription factor 4 (TCF4) is a class I basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor which regulates the neurogenesis and specialization of cells. TCF4 also plays an important role in the development and functioning of the immune system. Additionally, TCF4 regulates the development of Sertoli cells and pontine nucleus neurons, myogenesis, melanogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The ability of transcription factors to fulfil their function often depends on their intracellular trafficking between the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell. The trafficking is regulated by specific sequences, i.e. the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and the nuclear export signal (NES). We performed research on the TCF4 trafficking regulating sequences by mapping and detailed characterization of motifs potentially acting as the NLS or NES. We demonstrate that the bHLH domain of TCF4 contains an NLS that overlaps two NESs. The results of in silico analyses show high conservation of the sequences, especially in the area of the NLS and NESs. This high conservation is not only between mouse and human TCF4, but also between TCF4 and other mammalian E proteins, indicating the importance of these sequences for the functioning of bHLH class I transcription factors.
Postoperative epidurale Hämatome: Verhinderung, Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Bullmann Viola 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungDas lumbale epidurale postoperative symptomatische Hämatom ist selten, mit einer Häufigkeit von 0.2 %. Als Risikofaktor für das Auftreten symptomatischer periduraler Hämatome werden aufwendige wirbelsäulenchirurgische Operationen, Alter der Patienten > 60 Jahren, perioperative Einnahme von NSAR, Verwendung von Antikoagulantien, sowie ein niedriges Hämoglobin < 10 mg/dL und eine niedrige Thrombozytenzahl erwähnt. Die typischen Symptome sind starke Rückenschmerzen, motorische Defizite oder eine Reithosenanästhesie. Bei Auftreten der Symptome ist ein zeitnahes MRT zur Diagnosesicherung zu veranlassen und die Ausdehnung des Hämatoms in kranio-kaudale Ausrichtung zu beschreiben. Die operative Intervention mit Hämatomausräumung, Spülung und Blutstillung hat innerhalb eines Zeitfensters von < 8 h eine gute Prognose.
Systemische Chemotherapie beim Urothelkarzinom in Deutschland – Eine Umfrage der Arbeitsgemeinschaften Urologische Onkologie und Internistische Onkologie der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft e. V.
Authors: Hupe Marie Christine , Merseburger Axel S. , de Wit Maike , Rexer Heidrun , Gschwend Jürgen E. , Krege Susanne 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Im Jahr 2016 wurde die erste deutsche S3-Leitlinie zum Harnblasenkarzinom veröffentlicht. Im Rahmen dieser Studie soll die nationale Versorgungssituation des Urothelkarzinoms in Deutschland mit Fokus auf die medikamentöse Therapie aufgearbeitet, anhand aktueller Leitlinienempfehlungen bewertet sowie mit internationaler Literatur zu ähnlicher Fragestellung verglichen werden.
Material und Methoden Es wurde ein Fragebogen entwickelt und an über 4000 Urologen und Onkologen in Deutschland versandt. Der Fragebogen beinhaltete Fragen zum jährlichen Patientenaufkommen sowie zur Anwendung der operativen und hauptsächlich medikamentösen Therapieoptionen in den verschiedenen Stadien des Urothelkarzinoms. Es konnten 278 Fragebögen ausgewertet werden.
Ergebnisse Dieses ist die größte deutschlandweite Querschnittsstudie zur systemischen Therapie des Urothelkarzinoms. Im Bereich der palliativen Systemtherapie werden die Leitlinienempfehlungen ausgeschöpft. Bei den Indikationen für eine intravesikale Instillationstherapie sowie (neo-) adjuvante Chemotherapie besteht Optimierungspotenzial hinsichtlich der Leitlinienadhärenz, v. a. im Hinblick auf die Anzahl verabreichter Chemotherapiezyklen.
Schlussfolgerung Insgesamt sollte die Leitlinienadhärenz verbessert werden. Neben neuen Diagnose- oder Therapieoptionen könnte auch eine striktere Leitlinienadhärenz die krebsspezifische Mortalität perspektivisch verringern.
Wundversorgung des diabetischen Fußes
Authors: Trocha Anna Katharina 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungAls Goldstandard gilt es, beim diabetischen Fußsyndrom Sensibilität, Perfusion und den Infektstatus zu überprüfen, bevor eine stadienadaptierte Wundtherapie inklusive Wunddébridement und Druckentlastung erfolgt. In diesem Beitrag sind die einzelnen Schritte von Diagnostik zur Therapie, beginnend mit dem Auffinden der auslösenden Überlastungsreaktion über die Wundbehandlung bis zur äußeren Druckentlastung, dargestellt.
Delayed Onset Abducens Nerve Palsy following Uncomplicated Large Cystic Vestibular Schwannoma Resection: Case Report
Authors: Sayyahmelli Sima , Aydin Pinar , Baskaya Mustafa K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAlthough delayed facial palsy after vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery is a poorly understood but a well-known phenomenon, other delayed cranial nerve palsies in the cerebellopontine angle have not been reported after VS surgery. In this report, we describe a 54-year-old woman with a large cystic VS who experienced double vision and a new delayed onset right abducens nerve (AbN) palsy, 3 weeks after gross total resection of VS via a translabyrinthine approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing delayed isolated AbN palsy after uncomplicated VS surgery. Magnetic resonance imaging findings and the management of this complication following VS surgery are discussed in this case report.
Use of String of Pearls Locking Plate System, Intramedullary Pin and Lag Screws for the Treatment of an Intra-Articular Olecranon Fracture in a Lamb
Authors: Walmsley Darby W. , Shaw Tania , Kudnig Simon T. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to describe a case of an intra-articular olecranon fracture in a lamb repaired using a String of Pearls locking plate system, intramedullary pin and lag screws.
Materials and Methods A 6-month-old, 20 kg, purebred male Merino lamb was referred for evaluation of a non-weight bearing lameness of the left thoracic limb of unknown duration. Orthogonal radiographic assessment of the left elbow revealed a complete, closed, long sagittal oblique, minimally displaced fracture of the olecranon involving the ulnar shaft at the level of the radial physis, extending proximally through the distal semilunar notch to the mid-body of the olecranon. The fracture was repaired using a String of Pearls locking plate system spanning both the proximal radius and olecranon, an intramedullary pin in the ulna and lag screws across the fracture line.
Results Orthogonal radiographic assessment of the left elbow at 8 weeks postoperatively revealed implant quiescence with radiographic union of the fracture site. Long-term telephone follow-up at 3 and 6 months postoperatively found the patient was no longer restricted in activity, with free access to the field, and was not displaying an overt lameness.
Clinical Significance The authors describe a novel method to treat an intra-articular in a lamb olecranon fracture in a lamb using a String of Pearls locking plate system, intramedullary pin and lag screws.
Inference and uncertainty quantification for noisy matrix completion
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Fan Jianqing , Ma Cong , Yan Yuling 
Published: October 2019

Significance
Matrix completion finds numerous applications in data science, ranging from information retrieval to medical imaging. While substantial progress has been made in designing estimation algorithms, it remains unknown how to perform optimal statistical inference on the unknown matrix given the obtained estimates—a task at the core of modern decision making. We propose procedures to debias the popular convex and nonconvex estimators and derive distributional characterizations for the resulting debiased estimators. This distributional theory enables valid inference on the unknown matrix. Our procedures 1) yield optimal construction of confidence intervals for missing entries and 2) achieve optimal estimation accuracy in a sharp manner.
Sum of irreducible operators in von Neumann factors
Authors: Shen Junhao , Shi Rui 
Published: October 2019

Let

M

\mathcal {M}

be a factor acting on a complex, separable Hilbert space

H

\mathcal {H}

. An operator

a
∈

M

a\in \mathcal {M}

is said to be irreducible in

M

\mathcal {M}

if

W
∗

(
a
)

W^*(a)

, the von Neumann subalgebra generated by

a
a

in

M

\mathcal M

, is an irreducible subfactor of

M

\mathcal {M}

, i.e.,

W
∗

(
a

)
′

∩

M

=

C

I

W^*(a)’\cap \mathcal {M}=\mathbb {C} I

. In this note, we prove that each operator

a
∈

M

a\in \mathcal {M}

is a sum of two irreducible operators in

M

\mathcal {M}

, which can be viewed as a natural generalization of a theorem in [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 21 (1969), pp. 251–252], with a completely different proof.
The Association between Firearm Control Policies and Firearm Suicide among Men: A State-Level Age-Stratified Analysis
Authors: Leung Carol , Kaplan Mark S , Xuan Ziming 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This study examined the association between state-specific firearm control policies and firearm suicide rates among men after adjusting for state-level demographics. This cross-sectional study used state-level mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System and the Brady Campaign State Scorecard in 2017. An age-stratified (15–24 years, 25–44 years, 45–64 years, and ≥ 65 years) multivariable analysis was conducted to identify gun control policies that are associated with firearm suicide rates among men in each age group. Results indicate that the associations of specific firearm control policies and firearm suicide rates differ across the age span. In particular, more policies (for example, dealer regulations and waiting periods) are negatively associated with firearm suicide rate among men 15 to 24 years of age. The findings underscore the importance of designing gender- and age-specific policy advocacy programs directed at lowering the rate of firearm suicide. This study also suggests that California, known for its innovative gun safety legislation efforts, could serve as a model for other states starting preventive programs to reduce the firearm suicide rate. Implications of the findings for social work practice are discussed.