bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol Reduces COMPopathy in Mice Through Activation of Autophagy
Authors: Hecht Jacqueline T , Coustry Francoise , Veerisetty Alka C , Hossain Mohammad G , Posey Karen L 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTMisfolding mutations in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) cause it to be retained within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of chondrocytes, stimulating a multitude of damaging cellular responses including ER stress, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which ultimately culminates in the death of growth plate chondrocytes and pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH). Previously, we demonstrated that an antioxidant, resveratrol, substantially reduces the intracellular accumulation of mutant‐COMP, dampens cellular stress, and lowers the level of growth plate chondrocyte death. In addition, we showed that resveratrol reduces mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, suggesting a potential mechanism. In this work, we investigate the role of autophagy in treatment of COMPopathies. In cultured chondrocytes expressing wild‐type COMP or mutant‐COMP, resveratrol significantly increased the number of Microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B‐light chain 3 (LC3) vesicles, directly demonstrating that resveratrol‐stimulated autophagy is an important component of the resveratrol‐driven mechanism responsible for the degradation of mutant‐COMP. Moreover, pharmacological inhibitors of autophagy suppressed degradation of mutant‐COMP in our established mouse model of PSACH. In contrast, blockage of the proteasome did not substantially alter resveratrol clearance of mutant‐COMP from growth plate chondrocytes. Mechanistically, resveratrol increased SIRT1 and PP2A expression and reduced MID1 expression and activation of phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAKT) and mTORC1 signaling in growth plate chondrocytes, allowing clearance of mutant‐COMP by autophagy. Importantly, we show that optimal reduction in growth plate pathology, including decreased mutant‐COMP retention, decreased mTORC1 signaling, and restoration of chondrocyte proliferation was attained when treatment was initiated between birth to 1 week of age in MT‐COMP mice, translating to birth to approximately 2 years of age in children with PSACH. These results clearly demonstrate that resveratrol stimulates clearance of mutant‐COMP by an autophagy‐centric mechanism. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Upregulation of iASPP ameliorates hypoxia/reoxygenation‐induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes by upregulating Nrf2 signaling
Authors: Bai Baobao , Zeng Guangwei , Chen Ruirui , Ai Yongfei , Qiang Hua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe inhibitor of apoptosis‐stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP) acts as a key modulator of cellular protection against oxidative stress. In the present work, we assessed the role of iASPP in the regulation of cardiomyocyte injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). We found that H/R‐exposed cardiomyocytes expressed decreased levels of iASPP. The upregulation of iASPP repressed H/R‐induced injury by decreasing levels of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production. The upregulation of iASPP increased nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation and enhanced Nrf2 activation. The overexpression of Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 reversed iASPP‐mediated promotion of Nrf2 activation. Nrf2 inhibition abrogated iASPP‐mediated cardioprotective effects in H/R‐exposed cardiomyocytes. Our work demonstrates that the upregulation of iASPP ameliorates H/R‐induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes via potentiating Nrf2 signaling via modulation of Keap1.
Is absence of CD56 a predictive factor for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization failure in patients with multiple myeloma?
Authors: Göçer Mesut , Kurtoğlu Erdal 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundCD56 is believed to play a major role in MM pathogenesis with a 70% to 80% expression rate in malignant plasma cells at the time of diagnosis. Our objective in this study was to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of CD56 expression in bone marrow aspiration material at the time of diagnosis and the success of stem cell mobilization in patients diagnosed with MM.MethodsThis monocenter study included 94 patients who were diagnosed with MM and had a stem cell mobilization procedure for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The primary endpoint of the study was to compare the mobilization success between the groups with and without CD56 expression. The secondary endpoint was to identify other factors affecting mobilization failure outside CD56.ResultsAt the time of diagnosis, 49 (52.1%) patients had CD56 expression and 45 (47.9%) did not. Mobilization failed in 11 (11.7%) patients. Age, gender, ISS stage and the number of premobilization treatment regimens were not found predictive of mobilization failure. CD56 negativity was 42.2% in the group that had mobilization success and 90.9% in the group that had mobilization failure (P = .001).ConclusionsThe fact that CD56 residing on the membrane enables interaction between bone marrow cells and ECM and functions as a signal molecule increases sensitivity to the chemotherapy and G‐CSF that are used for mobilization. We found that absence of CD56 can be used as a predictive factor for mobilization failure at the time of diagnosis.
Chemoselective hydrogenation of 3‐nitrostyrene over supported gold catalysts: Effect of loadings of gold
Authors: Tan Yuan , Li Xing Chi , Liu Xiao Yan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe chemoselective hydrogenation from 3‐nitrostyrene to 3‐vinylaniline is quite challenging due to coexistence of the C=C bond and the –NO2 group in the same molecule. Previously, we found that the selectivity to the 3‐vinylaniline is very high in wide temperature and time windows when taking the ZnAl‐hydrotalcite supported Au25 nanoclusters as the precatalyst. Here, we investigated the loading effect of gold on the catalytic performance for the chemoselectivity of this reaction. The loadings of gold ranged from 0.5 to 10 wt%. The results showed that the reaction rate decreased greatly with the increasing loading of gold, and selectivity dropped obviously after the loading of gold attaining 10 wt%. The UV–Vis (ultraviolet visible absorption spectroscopy), XRD (X‐ray diffraction), and HAADF‐STEM (high angle annular dark field‐scanning transmission electronic microscope) results suggested that the gold nanoparticles aggregated with the increasing loading of gold. The X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and in situ CO‐DRIFTS (diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy) results indicated that the valent state of gold tended to be slightly positively charged when the loading of gold increased. The origin of the high selectivity to the 3‐vinylaniline was discussed subsequently based on the above results.
The Enneagram: A systematic review of the literature and directions for future research
Authors: Hook Joshua N. , Hall Todd W. , Davis Don E. , Van Tongeren Daryl R. , Conner Mackenzie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Enneagram is a typology that many clients use to understand their personality and interpersonal patterns, despite some concerns about its validity. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive and clinician‐friendly review of the extant empirical work on the Enneagram. After reviewing 104 independent samples, we found mixed evidence of reliability and validity. In terms of strengths, some factor analytic work has shown partial alignment with prior theorizing, and subscales show theory‐consistent relationships with other constructs such as the Big 5. Also, several studies found the Enneagram was helpful for personal/spiritual growth. However, factor analytic work has typically found fewer than nine factors, and no work has used clustering techniques to derive the nine types. Also, there is little research supporting secondary aspects of Enneagram theory, such as wings and intertype movement. We conclude by highlighting directions for future research and implications for clinical practice.
Maternal caregiver's typologies and internalized behaviors in African American adolescents living in urban public housing
Authors: Lombe Margaret , Nebbitt Von , Amano Takashi , Enelamah Ngozi , Newransky Chrisann 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsThis study explores how variations in maternal caregiver types may be associated with adolescents' internalized behaviors (i.e., depressive symptoms) and resources (i.e., attitudes toward delinquent behaviors and efficacious beliefs).MethodUsing a sample of 375 African American youth from public housing in three large US cities, we used Latent Profile Analysis to identify various maternal caregiver classes. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess whether youth can be correctly classified into maternal caregiver classes based on their internalized behaviors.ResultsThree maternal caregiver classes were identified. Results suggest youth living with high encouragement and high (supervision) maternal caregivers were associated with more conventional attitudes, higher self‐efficacy, and lower depressive symptoms.ConclusionFindings highlight how maternal caregivers can influence the internalizing behaviors of African American youth in US public housing. Individual, community, and system‐level interventions can be leveraged to support the impact of these maternal caregivers.
Induced path factors of regular graphs
Authors: Akbari Saieed , Horsley Daniel , Wanless Ian M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn induced path factor of a graph is a set of induced paths in with the property that every vertex of is in exactly one of the paths. The induced path number of is the minimum number of paths in an induced path factor of . We show that if is a connected cubic graph on vertices, then . Fix an integer . For each , define to be the maximum value of over all connected ‐regular graphs on vertices. As with even, we show that exists. We prove that and and that for .
Bone marrow transplantation into Abcd1‐deficient mice: Distribution of donor derived‐cells and biological characterization of the brain of the recipient mice
Authors: Morita Masashi , Kaizawa Taro , Yoda Taiki , Oyama Takuro , Asakura Reina , Matsumoto Shun , Nagai Yoshinori , Watanabe Yasuharu , Watanabe Shiro , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Kawaguchi Kosuke , Yamamoto Seiji , Shimozawa Nobuyuki , So Takanori , Imanaka Tsuneo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractX‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X‐ALD) is a severe inherited metabolic disease with cerebral inflammatory demyelination and abnormal accumulation of very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) in tissues, especially the brain. At present, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) at an early stage of the disease is the only effective treatment for halting disease progression, but the underlying mechanism of the treatment has remained unclear. Here, we transplanted GFP‐expressing wild‐type (WT) or Abcd1‐deficient (KO) bone marrow cells into recipient KO mice, which enabled tracking of the donor GFP+ cells in the recipient mice. Both the WT and KO donor cells were equally distributed throughout the brain parenchyma, and displayed an Iba1‐positive, GFAP‐ and Olig2‐negative phenotype, indicating that most of the donor cells were engrafted as microglia‐like cells. They constituted approximately 40% of the Iba1‐positive cells. Unexpectedly, no decrease of VLCFA in the cerebrum was observed when WT bone marrow cells were transplanted into KO mice. Taken together, murine study suggests that bone marrow‐derived microglia‐like cells engrafted in the cerebrum of X‐ALD patients suppress disease progression without evidently reducing the amount of VLCFA in the cerebrum.
Gpr37l1/prosaposin receptor regulates Ptch1 trafficking, Shh production, and cell proliferation in cerebellar primary astrocytes
Authors: La Sala Gina , Di Pietro Chiara , Matteoni Rafaele , Bolasco Giulia , Marazziti Daniela , Tocchini‐Valentini Glauco P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMammalian cerebellar astrocytes critically regulate the differentiation and maturation of neuronal Purkinje cells and granule precursors. The G protein‐coupled receptor 37‐like 1 (Gpr37l1) is expressed by Bergmann astrocytes and interacts with patched 1 (Ptch1) at peri‐ciliary membranes. Cerebellar primary astrocyte cultures from wild‐type and Gpr37l1 null mutant mouse pups were established and studied. Primary cilia were produced by cultures of both genotypes, as well as Ptch1 and smoothened (Smo) components of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) mitogenic pathway. Compared to wild‐type cells, Gpr37l1−/− astrocytes displayed striking increases in proliferative activity, Ptch1 protein expression and internalization, intracellular cholesterol content, ciliary localization of Smo, as well as a marked production of active Shh. Similar effects were reproduced by treating wild‐type astrocytes with a putative prosaptide ligand of Gpr37l1. These findings indicate that Gpr37l1–Ptch1 interactions specifically regulate Ptch1 internalization and trafficking, with consequent stimulation of Shh production and activation of proliferative signaling.
How does an emotional culture of joy cultivate team resilience? A sociocognitive perspective
Authors: Hartmann Silja , Weiss Matthias , Hoegl Martin , Carmeli Abraham 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe complex nature of work tasks leads many organizations to organize work around teams, which must develop the capacity to cope with and adapt to a variety of adverse situations. However, our knowledge and understanding of what enables and inhibits the development of resilient teams, that is, change in teams' resilience capacity, have yet to be fully developed. Drawing on the build hypothesis of broaden‐and‐build theory, we explore the dynamic emotional, social, and cognitive elements that underlie change in team resilience capacity. We posit that a change in a team's emotional culture of joy predicts change in team resilience capacity through both social and cognitive mechanisms (i.e., change in mutuality and change in reflexivity). The results from a two‐wave study involving 91 teams (comprising 1291 individual responses) indicate that the positive relationship between change in the emotional culture of joy and change in team resilience capacity is mediated by change in mutuality and change in reflexivity. This research advances the emerging literature on team resilience by theoretically delineating the underlying affective, social, and cognitive collective mechanisms that lead to within‐team variability in team resilience capacity.
Macrophage phenotypes and monocyte subsets after destabilization of the medial meniscus in mice
Authors: Utomo Lizette , Fahy Niamh , Kops Nicole , van Tiel Sandra T. , Waarsing Jan , Verhaar Jan A. N. , Leenen Pieter J. M. , van Osch Gerjo J. V. M. , Bastiaansen‐Jenniskens Yvonne M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMacrophages play an important role in the development and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to identify macrophage phenotypes in synovium and monocyte subsets in peripheral blood in C57BL/6 mice by destabilizing the medial meniscus (DMM), and the association of macrophage subsets with OA features. DMM, sham, and non‐operated knees were histologically assessed between 1 and 56 days for macrophage polarization states by immunohistochemistry (IHC), cartilage damage, synovial thickening, and osteophytes (n = 9 per timepoint). Naive knees (n = 6) were used as controls. Monocyte and polarized synovial macrophage subsets were evaluated by flow cytometry. CD64 and CD206 levels on IHC were higher at early timepoints in DMM and sham knees compared to naive knees. iNOS labeling intensity was higher in DMM and sham knees than in naive knees from d3 onwards. CD163 expression was unaltered at all timepoints. Even though macrophage polarization profiles were similar in DMM and sham knees, only in DMM knees the presence of iNOS and CD206 associated with synovial thickness, and CD163 staining inversely correlated with osteophyte presence. At day 14, monocyte subset distribution was different in peripheral blood of DMM mice compared with sham mice. In conclusion, monocyte subsets in blood and synovial macrophage phenotypes vary after joint surgery. High levels of iNOS+, CD163+, and CD206+ cells are found in both destabilized and sham‐operated knees, and coexistence with joint instability may be a requirement to initiate and exacerbate OA progression.
External validation and adaptation of a dynamic prediction model for patients with high‐grade extremity soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Rueten‐Budde Anja J. , van Praag Veroniek M. , van de Sande Michiel A. J. , Fiocco Marta ,   PERSARC Study Group
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA dynamic prediction model for patients with soft tissue sarcoma of the extremities was previously developed to predict updated overall survival probabilities throughout patient follow‐up. This study updates and externally validates the dynamic model.MethodsData from 3826 patients with high‐grade extremity soft tissue sarcoma, treated surgically with curative intent were used to update the dynamic PERsonalised SARcoma Care (PERSARC) model. Patients were added to the model development cohort and grade was included in the model. External validation was performed with data from 1111 patients treated at a single tertiary center.ResultsCalibration plots show good model calibration. Dynamic C‐indices suggest that the model can discriminate between high‐ and low‐risk patients. The dynamic C‐indices at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years after surgery were equal to 0.697, 0.790, 0.822, 0.818, 0.812, and 0.827, respectively.ConclusionResults from the external validation show that the dynamic PERSARC model is reliable in predicting the probability of surviving an additional 5 years from a specific prediction time point during follow‐up. The model combines patient‐, treatment‐specific and time‐dependent variables such as local recurrence and distant metastasis to provide accurate survival predictions throughout follow‐up and is available through the PERSARC app.
Two‐Dash Line
Authors: Daloee Hossein Rezaei , Zarifian Ahmadreza , Aminzadeh Behzad 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesThere has been a dearth of an accurate and reliable method for the measurement of fetal pelvic bones. In this study, we describe a novel, easy‐to‐use method for ischial and iliac bone measurement in fetal ultrasound scanning.MethodsThis prospective cross‐sectional study was performed on 1179 pregnant women at 12 to 40 weeks of an uneventful gestation. Pelvic biometric indices, including the length of the ilium and ischium, were measured by a novel and easy method. Then data were analyzed by regression models to develop a formula for gestational age (GA) estimation based on pelvic bones.ResultsThe approximate ossification time of the ischium was determined to range between the 13th and 20th gestational weeks. We calculated 3 formulas using linear regression models: formula 1, GA (days) = 92.563 + (11.604 × ischial length); formula 2, GA (days) = 57.006 + (7.819 × iliac length); and formula 3, GA (days) = 65.809 + (5.610 × iliac length) + (3.431 × ischial length).ConclusionsThe 2‐dash line method can contribute to efficient and precise ultrasound measurement of the ilium and ischium in pelvic biometry of the fetus.
Path from the discovery to the elimination of hepatitis C virus: Honoring the winners of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020
Authors: Yu Ming‐Lung , Chuang Wan‐Long 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, in the year 2020, has been awarded to three scientists, Harvey Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles Rice, for jointly discovering the hepatitis C virus (HCV). This remarkable achievement is a huge breakthrough in the fight against hepatitis C. Most importantly, their pioneering works have successfully saved millions of lives by acting as the foundation for sensitive blood tests and effective antivirals. Inspired by the 2020 Nobel Prize winners, this review article honors their great efforts and discusses several unmet needs in the path toward HCV elimination. In Taiwan, we adopted a micro‐elimination approach plus patient‐centric outreach program to tackle the obstacles that stand in the way of HCV elimination. With its significant results, HCV elimination could be achieved in the near future.
Topsoil carbon‐selective transport in an eroding soil landscape with vegetation restoration
Authors: Li Jianye , Fu Bojie , Feng Xiaoming , Dargusch Paul , Liu Jianbo , Chen Weiliang , Wang Jian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWater erosion affects soil carbon (C) loss and C enrichment in deposited sediment. To better understand the dynamics of water erosion and topsoil C loss with sediments after vegetation restoration, we studied the sediment yield from each rainfall event over two growing seasons (June through October) in four runoff plots with different vegetation covers (Robinia pseudoacacia, Spiraea salicifolia, Stipa bungeana, and bare soil) in an eroding soil landscape on the Chinese Loess Plateau in 2016 and 2017. The results showed that the C loss in the deposited sediments was reduced by 99.0 ± 0.5% when the soil was vegetated compared to bare soil. Decreased organic C enrichment ratios were shown under the vegetation cover (2.14 ± 0.68 for tree cover, 1.34 ± 0.20 for shrub cover, and 1.63 ± 0.26 for grass cover) compared to bare soil (2.65 ± 0.99). The decreasing organic C enrichment ratios were affected by the fractional vegetation coverage and soil organic C concentration. During organic C enrichment in the bare soil, the additional particulate organic C or mineral‐associated organic C were based on the C enrichment ratio. The results can improve our understanding of C enrichment processes under different vegetation covers and help predict the C enrichment ratio in a vegetation restoration area.