bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle associations with low back pain in young adults
Authors: Al-Ameri Laith Thamer , Hussein Nawras Alaa-Aldeen , Braisem Dalia Ahmed 
Published: December 2020

Background: low back pain is one of the most common public health problems and of the most common musculoskeletal complaint. Many risk factors have been considered for developing low back pain include smoking, obesity and sedentary lifestyle.
Aim of study: To evaluate smoking, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle associations with low back pain in young adults aged (18 – 39 years).
Methods: a comparative cross sectional study for young adults aged 18 – 39 years, participants with low back pain as a symptom constitutes the first group, others free of this symptom considered as the control group. Age and gender matched in both groups. Smoking, obesity and sedentary life style variables collected and analyzed statistically using odd ratio and chi-square
Results: One hundred patients were enrolled in the study after 12 patients being removed due to our exclusion criteria. 45 patients were with low back pain, 2:1 male to female ratio, For LBP group; data show 30:15 obese to none obese ratio, 23:22 smokers to none smoker ratio, and ratio of 35:10 with sedentary lifestyle compared to active one. While in the control group, data show 22:33 obese to none obese ratio, 16:39 smokers to none smoker ratio, and ratio of 23:32 with sedentary lifestyle compared to active one. Using Chi-square test, the P- value was of 0.0079, 0.025 and 0.0003 for obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle, respectively. The odds ratio was 3, 2.55 and 4.86 for obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle, respectively. All above results were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Each of smoking, obesity and sedentary lifestyle is statistically correlated with low back pain in young adults' age group.
Minimal sternotomy surgery in comparison to standard sternotomy in the coronary bypass Surgery
Authors: Altae Jabbar J. 
Published: December 2020

Background Median sternotomy is the gold standard incision for most cardiac operations. However, with the advent of minimal invasive surgery, a new approach emerged in cardiac surgery named mini-sternotomy and has been successfully used to perform a variety of operations.
The aim of this paper is to present our experience of using mini-sternotomy to harvest the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) for off-pump revascularization of the left anterior descending artery (LAD)
Methodology Over a 2-year period (October 2012-October 2014), 100 patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) via conventional median sternotomy (CMS) (n=80) and mini-sternotomy (MS) (n=20). The 2 groups were compared regarding length and difficulty of surgery, postoperative pain and respiratory function, stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), wound infection, shoulder stability and other variables.
Results One patient (5%) with LMS was converted into CMS due to inadequate exposure. The blood loss was less in LMS patients. Lung atelectasis and pleural effusions were less in group 2. A higher PaO2, lower PaCO2 and a shorter assisted-ventilation time were observed in LMS group. Early postoperative pain score & analgesic requirements were less in LMS patients and their hospital stay was shorter (4-5 days) than CMS. Moreover, LMS patients could return to their jobs and drove cars earlier than group 2 patients. There were 9 deaths (11.3%) in CMS group vs. one death (5%) in LMS group; however, this difference was not statistically significant (p˂0.05)
Conclusions This study shows that off-pump coronary surgery through mini-sternotomy incision is feasible and safe.
The Role of Metformin in patients with Primary Hypothyroidism
Authors: Al-Lehibi Khalid Ibrahim 
Published: December 2020

Background: Insulin resistance is present in 50% or more of patients with primary hypothyroidism. Metformin can decrease TSH levels in these patients by a complex matter, this can be of great help in clinical practice.
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of metformin in reducing TSH levels in patients with primary hypothyroidism.
Methods: Hundred patients with primary hypothyroidism, 82 females, 18 males were included in this study, everyone was followed up for two months after adding metformin 850 mg twice daily in addition to thyroxin.
Results: 36 patients (36%) have a normal baseline TSH and no change after 2 months, 64 patients (64%)have a change in TSH either a decrease(49 patients ,79.56%) or an increase (15 patients , 23.44 % ).
Conclusion: Metformin therapy is highly effective in reducing TSH levels in patients with primary hypothyroidism.
Prevention in Healthcare Practice: An issue with Rising Importance
Authors: Raheem Yousif Abdul 
Published: December 2020

Plentiful of healthcare practice is based on a disease/treatment approach rather than a prevention one. That is, the predominant focus is on treating existing symptoms and conditions that bring the patient to healthcare setting. There is no doubt about the significance of this approach for acute conditions, but there is some question whether this is the most efficient and effective way of distributing healthcare for increasing number of diseases and limited resources.
The evidences from everywhere have showed the profound cost benefit of prevention in healthcare practice. Healthy community, therefore, is the ultimate aim in any health services planning. The priority of care giver is shifted now to promote health and prevent disease in any stage (susceptible, subclinical, clinical and recovery/disability) before death, and in all situations, as health status cannot remain constant for an individual, family, community or country over a period of time.
Surveillance for Contamination of Salad with Listeria Monocytogenes in Some of Baghdad Restaurants
Authors: Fathi Ilham Abid 
Published: December 2020

Background: Listeria monocytogenes, a member of the genus Listeria, is widely distributed in agricultural environments, such as soil, manure and water. The genus of Listeria bacteria is about 15-17 species. It is a pathogenic bacterium that can cause a rare but dangerous infection called listeriosis.
Objectives: Studying the rate of salads contaminated with Listeria bacteria. and Listeria monocytogenes according to International, Arabic and Iraqi specifications and finding the correlation between commitments of restaurants to standard health conditions with contamination with these bacteria
Methods: The study included 152 samples of salads taken from 39 restaurants chosen randomly and of different levels and places in Baghdad from the period between 1/9/2014 to 20/1/2015. The laboratory tests were carried out on samples based on internationally approved methods in addition to methods of the International Standards Organization.
Results: The study revealed that 23 samples (15.13%) from the 152 samples taken from the restaurants were contaminated with Listeria species. of these, 3 (2%) were contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes and 20 (13.2%) were contaminated with other types of different and non-pathogenic Listeria as follows; (Listeria welshimeri, Listeria seeligeri, Listeria ivanovii, Listeria grayi, Listeria innocua) with the following prevalence (7(4.6%), 6(3.9%), 3(2%), 3(2%), 1 (0.7%) respectively).
Conclusions: Contamination of salads taken from restaurants with Listeria bacteria is not uncommon. This indicates that routine examination is necessary and should be added to the Iraqi standard for salads.
The Actual Practice of Breast Self-Examination among Sample of Iraqi Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Al-Alwan Nada A. S. 
Published: December 2020

Background : To assess the actual practice of breast self-examination (BSE), as an early detection tool for breast cancer, among a sample of patients affected with breast cancer in Iraq.Methods: A random sample of 200 female patients with breast cancer was analyzed to evaluate the extent of their actual practice of breast self-examination before the diagnosis of the disease. The examined variables included the age of the patients, marital status, education, occupation, smoking habit, family history of cancer, frequency of gravidity, parity and abortions. Results: The age of patients ranged from (24-70) years with a mean age of 48 years. The highest frequency of the examined sample (24%) was noted in the age group (50-54) years. The majority of the patients (89%) were married, 33% had university degree and 57% were employed. While 46% of the patients had a family history of cancer, in 33.5% the breast was involved. Only 5.5% of the total number of patients had practiced BSE regularly before the diagnosis of breast cancer, 57.5% had carried out the procedure randomly while 37% did not perform BSE at all during their lives. The study illustrated that the level of education, occupation and family history of cancer had significant roles in the practice of BSE. Conclusions: The findings of this study emphasize the urgent need for promoting screening in our society through strengthening practical policy decisions to raise the level of public awareness among the Iraqi women towards the adoption of simple approaches for early detection of breast cancer.
Hubungan Mutu Pelayanan Keperawatan dengan Kepuasan Pasien di Rumah Sakit Ruang Rawat Inap Kelas III
Authors: Kustriyani M , Rohana N , Widya T S 
Published: December 2020

Abstrak. Latar belakang : Mutu pelayanan keperawatan merupakan indikator kualitas pelayanan kesehatan karena menjadi salah satu penentu citra institusi pelayanan kesehatan. Kepuasan pasien adalah suatu tingkat perasaan pasien yang timbul dari layanan kesehatan yang diperoleh setelah pasien membandingkan dengan apa yang diharapkan. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan pasien menyatakan perawat kurang tanggap dengan keluhan pasien, pelayanan kepada pasien perawat kurang ramah dan sopan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan mutu pelayanan keperawatan dengan kepuasan pasien di Ruang Rawat Inap Kelas III Rumah Sakit Tk. IV 04.07.03 dr. ASMIR Kota Salatiga. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 55 responden yang merupakan pasien rawat inap kelas III dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Rank Spearman. Hasil : Hasil analisa yang menyatakan mutu pelayanan keperawatan baik 24 responden (43,6%). Responden yang menyatakan puas sebanyak 31 (56,4%). Didapat r sebesar 0,705 dan p-value 0,000 (α=0,05) berarti Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Simpulan : Ada hubungan mutu pelayanan keperawatan dengan kepuasan pasien di ruang rawat inap kelas III Rumah Sakit Tk. IV 04.07.03 dr. Asmir Kota Salatiga dengan p value 0,000. Kata Kunci : mutu pelayanan keperawatan, kepuasan pasien
Recruitment and Retention of Occupational Therapy Practitioners and Students of Color: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ford Alesia R. , Smith Diane L. , Banister Gaurdia E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Importance: Matching the demographics of health professionals and patient populations increases access to quality care. However, a consensus has not been reached regarding the most effective strategies for recruitment and retention of diverse practitioners.
Objective: To answer the question “What are the perceived challenges to and facilitators of the recruitment and retention of occupational therapy practitioners (OTPs) and students of color?”
Design: A qualitative interpretive, constructionist design was used. Purposive recruitment that used convenience sampling was conducted at the 2017 American Occupational Therapy Association Annual Conference & Expo and via the National Black Occupational Therapy Caucus Facebook group. Data were collected online from three focus groups and four interviews.
Setting: Online through social media.
Participants: The total sample included 5 OTPs and 7 students; 91.7% identified as African-American or Black.
Outcomes and Measures: Inductive analysis was used to interpret the open-ended questions. After transcription, each interview or focus group transcript was reviewed with Colaizzi’s seven-step method of data analysis.
Results: Five themes were identified: (1) lack of representation in and knowledge about occupational therapy, (2) feeling like an outsider, (3) need for financial support, (4) individualized mentor–mentee relationships, and (5) connections with national organizations specifically for people of color.
Conclusions and Relevance: This study identified experiences of OTPs and students of color and how identified barriers can be addressed. Implications for the profession include purposive recruitment, professional development for faculty, provision of mentoring, and financial support. Future research should focus on creation and evaluation of evidence-based strategies for the recruitment and retention of students of color in occupational therapy.
What This Article Adds: This study provided voices of OTPs and students of color regarding challenges and facilitators experienced in the profession. With an accurate understanding of experiences of people of color, effective strategies can be developed to foster their successful transition into the occupational therapy workforce.
Relationship Between Parental Attachment and Stress Elevation and Synchrony in Pediatric Occupational Therapy Patient–Parent Dyads
Authors: Scott Samantha R. , Nealey-Moore Jill B. , Zylstra Sheryl E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Importance: Populations already experiencing chronic stress, such as families with children who are neurologically atypical, are at particular risk for developing stress-related disease.
Objective: To establish feasibility of collecting salivary samples from pediatric occupational therapy patients and their parents in a clinical setting and at home and to examine associations among parental attachment style, parent self-reported stress, and physiological stress (i.e., cortisol) in pediatric occupational therapy patients who were neurologically atypical and their parents (N = 10 dyads).
Design: Cross-sectional pilot study to test feasibility.
Setting: Sliding-scale university clinic.
Participants: Participants were 10 children undergoing occupational therapy treatment and their parent. Families were approached and told the study was voluntary and would not affect their treatment. Families provided informed consent.
Outcomes and Measures: Parents completed measures to assess their own attachment style, general and parenting stress, and stress in their child. Children and parents provided saliva samples during an occupational therapy clinic visit and collected samples at home to measure cortisol level.
Results: Parent attachment avoidance was related to increased parent cortisol levels in the clinic and increased child cortisol levels at home. Parent and child cortisol levels had a strong, positive relationship in the clinic but not at home. We did not observe a difference between cortisol levels in children or parents in the clinic or at home.
Conclusions and Relevance: We concluded that this protocol is feasible and provide suggestions for future research.
What This Article Adds: Stress physiology in pediatric occupational therapy clients should be considered within the context of the family system. Family-based interventions may be particularly helpful for reducing client stress in this population.
O estudo do Direito Internacional sob uma nova perspectiva: nossa experiência na Philip C. Jessup International Moot Court Competition
Authors: Muniz Bokos Ana Vitória , Medeiros Maia Igor , Seidy Sonobe Hable Jefferson , De Oliveira Borba Gabriel , Nogueira Paes Cambraia Gilda , Lima Rocha da Cruz Nayara 
Published: December 2020

O Estudo do Direito Internacional sob uma Nova Perspectiva: Nossa
Experiência na Philip C. Jessup International Moot Court Competition
Diffuse type of pigmented villonodular synovitis of knee masquerading as a soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Shubha P. Bhat , Vartika Singh , Teerthanath Srinivas , Siddharth M. Shetty , Kishan Prasad Hosapatna Laxminarayana , Sajitha Kaliyath 
Published: December 2020

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare benign neoplasm involving the synovial joints and tendon sheaths. It can be classified into localised and diffuse type. The diffuse type of PVNS is larger and very aggressive, clinically mimicking as soft tissue sarcoma. Radiological investigation can aid in knowing the relation of the mass to the joint cavity and invasion of surrounding structures. A biopsy can pose a diagnostic challenge for pathologists. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Histopathological examination is necessary for a definite diagnosis.
Keywords: Pigmented villonodular synovitis; diffuse; soft tissue sarcoma; histopathology.
Strategi Pembelajaran Nilai-Nilai Agama di Raudhatul Atfal Assu`Ada Cijerah Bandung
Authors: Watini Sri 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan Strategi Pembelajaran Nilai-nilai Agama di Raudhatul Athfal Assu`ada dengan alamat Jl. Cijerah Komplek Pesantren No. 83 Telp.(022) 6075882 ,email: madrasahassuada@gmail.com. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dalam rangka menggambarkan secara komprehensif dari data-data atau informasi yang diperoleh selama penelitian dengan penyajian apa adanya sesuai dengan keadaan yang sesungguhnya. Data atau informasi yang didapatkan didokumentasikan sebagai bukti otentik hasil penelitian berupa CW (Catatan Wawancara), CD (Catatan Dokumentasi), CO (Catatan Observasi) dan CL (Catatan Lapangan). Dalam penelitian ini populasi yang diambil adalah anak usia dini 5-6 tahun pada lembaga Raudhatul Athfal Assu`ada Jl. Cijerah Komplek Pesantren No. 83 Telp. 022(6075882) email: madrasahassuada@gmail.com, dengan jumlah peserta didik sebanyak 73 anak. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh berupa gambaran secara umum dan khusus berkaitan dengan aplikasi strategi pembelajaran nilai-nilai agama di RA Assu`ada mulai dari berupa komponen SDM, Peserta Didik, Sarana dan Prasarana (fasilitas lembaga), Program Tahunan, Program Semester, Kurikulum, Contoh silabus dan RKH yang digunakan, proses belajar mengajar media yang ada sampai pada kegiatan penilaian.
Konsep Metode Pembelajaran Perspektif Ibnu Khaldȗn Serta Relevansinya Dengan Pendidikan Masa Kini
Authors: Rahmah Eka Naelia 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini berjudul “Konsep Metode Pembelajaran Perspektif Ibnu Khaldun Serta Relevansinya Dengan Pendidikan Masa Kini”, adapun latar belakang pengambilan judul tersebut yaitu Ibnu Khaldun menentukan beberapa metode pembelajaran yang harus diperhatikan oleh pendidik dalam proses pengajaran agar sampai kepada tujuan-tujuan pendidikan yang diinginkan. Tujuan penddikan tersebut yaitu mampu meningkatkan anak didik yang kreatif dan dialogis, untuk itu penerapan suatu metode pembelajaran yang relevan dengan situasi tertentu perlu dipahami keadaan metode pembelajaran tersebut baik ketetapan maupun tata caranya.
Metode penelitian yang penulis gunakan dalam penelitian ini, ditinjau dari segi sumber merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (Liberary Reaseach) yang bertujuan untuk mengungkap pemikiran pendidikan khususnya mengenai metode pembelajaran Ibnu Khaldun dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Ibnu Khaldun sebagai intelektual muslim telah banyak memberikan kontribusi pemikirannya dalam bidang pendidikan khususnya metode pembelajaran. Ibnu Khaldun tidak memusatkan perhatiannya pada metode tertentu dalam pengajaran. Diantara beberapa metode pembelajaran yang terpenting menurut Ibnu Khaldun yaitu metode bertahap dan pengulangan, metode dialog dan diskusi, metode wisata dan metode bahasa arab. Diharapkan dengan metode tersebut bisa diterapkan dalam pembelajaran dan menjadi pedoman bagi seorang pendidik dalam mendidik murid-muridnya
Diskursus Terminologi Model, Pendekatan, Strategi, Dan Metode Pembelajaran
Authors: Reksiana Reksiana 
Published: December 2020

Dalam dunia pendidikan, beberapa istilah seperti strategi, pendekatan, model dan metode sering digunakan untuk menggambarkan situasi belajar-mengajar. Dan istilah-istilah tersebut sering tidak konsisten dan acap kali terjadi overlapping dalam penggunaannya. Untuk membedakan dan memperjelas perbedaan masing-masing istilah tersebut, perlu dikaji dan dibahas secara kontekstual dan komprehensif. Hal ini perlu dilakukan, guna tidak terjadi lagi kerancuan dan salah pemahaman makna dari beberapa istilah tersebut. Tulisan ini secara khusus akan mencoba menguraikan keempat istilah tersebut, karena keempat istilah tersebut paling banyak digunakan dan diacu oleh para praktisi di bidang pendidikan. Klarifikasi terhadap istilah-istilah tersebut akan membantu untuk menguraikan kerancuan pemahaman makna dalam dunia pendidikan dan dunia literasi.
Implementasi Kebijakan Kartu Jakarta Pintar (KJP) dan Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (BOS) di MI Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Jakarta Selatan
Authors: Shunhaji Akhmad , Sarnoto Ahmad Zain , Taufikurrahman Iqbal 
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: Untuk mengetahui sejauhmana implementasi kebijakan Kartu Jakarta Pintar (KJP) dan Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (BOS) di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Jagakarsa Jakarta Selatan serta mencari tau apa saja faktor-faktor yang mendukung dan menghambatnya. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Model Implementasi George Edward III yang terdiri dari komunikasi, sumberdaya, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi, Permen tentang BOS dan Peergub tentang KJP bagi Peserta Didik dari Keluarga Tidak Mampu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pengamatan sebagai data primer. Sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari kepustakaan dan media elektronik. Pada kenyataannya di lapangan implementasi BOS dan KJP masih mengalami masalah terkait dengan maksud dan tujuan dari BOS dan KJP itu sendiri, sasaran, mekanisme di pihak sekolah, pengawasan dan pelaporan serta terkait dengan larangan dan sanksi. Masukan yang diberikan yaitu diperbaikinya persyaratan pendaftaran dan instrumen wawancara, ditingkatkannya pengawasan oleh sekolah dan memberikan sanksi tegas apabila terjadi pelanggaran, perlunya dibentuk staff khusus di sekolah untuk menangani BOS dan KJP, serta meningkatkan kerjasama sosialiasasi dengan para stakeholder. Terkait dengan Implementasi Kebijakan Kartu Jakarta Pintar dan Biaya Operasional Sekolah di MI Tarbiyatul Islamiyah dapa di simpulkan sebagai berikut :
Pertama, Kebijakan Kartu Jakarta Pintar di DKI Jakarta dikeluarkan sejak akhir Desember 2012 merupakan kebijakan pemberian bantuan dana bagi peserta didik yang berasal dari keluarga tidak mampu untuk memperoleh akses Pendidikan dan mendukung terselenggaranya wajib belajar 12 tahun di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Dana dari bantuan Pendidikan yang bersifat personal ini berasal dari APBD Provinsi DKI Jakarta yang termasuk kedalam kelompok dana bantuan sosial . Dana dari Kartu Jakarta Pintar digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan personal sepesrta didik miskin dibidang Pendidikan sehingga dengan adanya kebijakannini, permasalahan dalam pembiayaan Pendidikan di DKI Jakarta dapat teratasi .
Kedua, Pelaksanaan Program KJP kurang memperhatikan sisi peningkatana kualitas Pendidikan bersadarkan hasil wawancara dengan pihak sekolah yaitu tidak adanya peningkatan dari segi akademik oleh peserta didik penerima KJP.