bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two new, near-infrared, fluorescent probes as potential tools for imaging bone repair
Authors: Lin Chien-Chou , Chang Walter Hong-Shong , Cheng Tsai-Mu , Chiu Li-Hsuan , Wang Yen-Hsun , Lin Cheng-An J. , Ho Yuan-Soon , Zuo Chun S. , Wang Yun-Ming , Lai Wen-Fu Thomas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA precise imaging technique to evaluate osteogenesis, osteodifferentiation, and osseointegration following peri-implant surgery is in high clinical demand. Herein, we report the generation of two new, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes for use in the molecular imaging of bone repair. The first probe aims to monitor the in vitro differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into osteoblasts. A NIR fluorochrome was conjugated to a cyclic peptide that binds to integrin α5β1, a factor that promotes osteogenesis in MSCs and therefore functioned as an osteoblast-specific marker. The second probe aims to monitor osteogenesis, and was generated by conjugating the drug pamidronate to a NIR fluorescent gold nanocluster. Pamidronate specifically binds to hydroxyapatite (HA), a mineral present in bone that is produced by osteoblasts, and therefore provides a functional marker for new bone formation. Our results show that both probes bind to their specific targets in vitro-differentiated osteoblasts, and not to undifferentiated MSCs, and emit NIR fluorescence for functional detection. This in vitro work demonstrates the ability of these probes to bind to active osteoblasts and their mineral deposits and highlight their potential utility as clinical tools for the imaging of the osseointegration process at the molecular level.
CLIP: Carbon Dioxide testing suitable for Low power microelectronics and IOT interfaces using Room temperature Ionic Liquid Platform
Authors: Bhide Ashlesha , Jagannath Badrinath , Tanak Ambalika , Willis Richard , Prasad Shalini 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHealth and safety considerations of room occupants in enclosed spaces is crucial for building management which entails control and stringent monitoring of CO2 levels to maintain acceptable air quality standards and improve energy efficiency. Smart building management systems equipped with portable, low-power, non-invasive CO2 sensing techniques can predict room occupancy detection based on CO2 levels exhaled by humans. In this work, we have demonstrated the development and proof-of-feasibility working of an electrochemical RTIL- based sensor prototype for CO2 detection in exhaled human breath. The portability, small form factor, embedded RTIL sensing element, integrability with low-power microelectronic and IOT interfaces makes this CO2 sensor prototype a potential application for passive room occupancy monitoring. This prototype exhibits a wide dynamic range of 400–8000 ppm, a short response time of ~10 secs, and a reset time of ~6 secs in comparison to commercial standards. The calibration response of the prototype exhibits an R2 of 0.956. With RTIL as the sensing element, we have achieved a sensitivity of 29 pF/ppm towards CO2 at ambient environmental conditions and a three times greater selectivity towards CO2 in the presence of N2 and O2. CO2 detection is accomplished by quantifying the capacitance modulations arising within the electrical double layer from the RTIL- CO2 interactions through AC- based electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and DC- based chronoamperometry.
Maternal and Infant Anthropometric Characteristics and Breast Cancer Incidence in the Daughter
Authors: Schmid Daniela , Willett Walter C. , Ding Ming , Michels Karin B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe intrauterine and early life environments have been linked to the etiology of breast cancer in prior studies. We prospectively examined whether maternal and newborn anthropometric factors as reported by the mother are related to an increased incidence of adult breast cancer in the daughter. We used data from 35,133 mother-daughter dyads of the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) II and the Nurses’ Mothers’ Cohort Study. In 2001, living mothers of NHS II participants who were free of cancer completed a questionnaire on their pregnancy with the nurse and their nurse daughter’s early life experience. During 403,786 years of follow-up, 865 daughters developed incident cases of invasive breast cancer. Nurses with a birthweight of ≥4000 g had a 32% greater risk for breast cancer (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.71, p-trend = 0.09) compared with those with birthweights of 3000–3499 g. Higher birth length tended to increase risk of premenopausal breast cancer (p for trend = 0.05). We further noted a modest U-shaped relation between maternal weight gain during pregnancy and premenopausal breast cancer incidence in the daughter. Fetal growth may contribute to shaping later life risk for breast cancer, especially prior to menopause.
SLAM family member 8 is expressed in and enhances the growth of anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Authors: Sugimoto Akihiko , Kataoka Tatsuki R. , Ito Hiroaki , Kitamura Kyohei , Saito Narumi , Hirata Masahiro , Ueshima Chiyuki , Takei Yusuke , Moriyoshi Koki , Otsuka Yasuyuki , Nishikori Momoko , Takaori-Kondo Akifumi , Haga Hironori 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSignaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 8 (SLAMF8) / B-lymphocyte activator macrophage expressed/CD353 is a member of the CD2 family. SLAMF8 suppresses macrophage function but enhances the growth of neoplastic mast cells via SHP-2. In this study, we found that some anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) samples were immunohistochemically positive for SLAMF8. However, we found no significant differences between SLAMF8-positive and SLAMF8-negative ALCL samples with respect to age, gender, site, or prognosis. We also identified SLAMF8 expression in ALCL cell lines, Karpas299, and SU-DHL-1. SLAMF8 knockdown decreased the activation of SHP-2 and the growth of these cell lines, and increased the apoptosis of these cell lines. In addition, we observed the interaction between SLAMF8 and SHP-2 in these cell lines using the DuoLink in situ kit. Taken together, these results suggest that SLAMF8 may enhance the growth of ALCL via SHP-2 interaction.
Carbon Monoxide Oxidation Promoted by Surface Polarization Charges in a CuO/Ag Hybrid Catalyst
Authors: Wang Xijun , Jia Chuanyi , Sharman Edward , Zhang Guozhen , Li Xin , Jiang Jun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractComposite structures have been widely utilized to improve material performance. Here we report a semiconductor-metal hybrid structure (CuO/Ag) for CO oxidation that possesses very promising activity. Our first-principles calculations demonstrate that the significant improvement in this system’s catalytic performance mainly comes from the polarized charge injection that results from the Schottky barrier formed at the CuO/Ag interface due to the work function differential there. Moreover, we propose a synergistic mechanism underlying the recovery process of this catalyst, which could significantly promote the recovery of oxygen vacancy created via the M-vK mechanism. These findings provide a new strategy for designing high performance heterogeneous catalysts.
Antibacterial and nonlinear dynamical analysis of flower and hexagon-shaped ZnO microstructures
Authors: Saha Rajat K. , Debanath Mrinal K. , Paul Bishaldip , Medhi Subhash , Saikia Eeshankur 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe present study reports the antibacterial properties of flower-shaped ZnO (FZnO) microstructures and its comparison with that of hexagon-shaped bulk ZnO (BZnO) nanostructures. The samples are prepared successfully by wet chemical method and the surface morphologies, structures and size of the ZnO samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), BET adsorption isotherm, and Photoluminescence (PL) Spectroscopy. The SEM and TEM images of the sample have confirmed flower-shaped structure of the ZnO. The materials are also analyzed by using an innovative tool called Lacunarity, a nonlinear dynamical (NLD) tool for proper understanding of the inherent surface properties of the particles formed, comparing the results estimated with the BET results obtained, thereby confirming our proposition to use it as an important parameter in predictive models. In this new approach, geometry of the surface structure is being associated with biological properties, in order to come up with easier ways to identify materials for any such applications where rich surface structure is desired. The photocatalytic activity of the flower-shaped material is carried out to find out its optical properties as another marker for confirming the antimicrobial activities. It has been reported for the first time that the prominent antibacterial activities are favoured by the FZnO microstructure having lesser Lacunarity, significantly better than its bulk counterpart, for inhibiting gram negative -Escherichia colimicroorganism.
Early high rates and disparity in the evolution of ichthyosaurs
Authors: Moon Benjamin C. , Stubbs Thomas L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHow clades diversify early in their history is integral to understanding the origins of biodiversity and ecosystem recovery following mass extinctions. Moreover, diversification can represent evolutionary opportunities and pressures following ecosystem changes. Ichthyosaurs, Mesozoic marine reptiles, appeared after the end-Permian mass extinction and provide opportunities to assess clade diversification in a changed world. Using recent cladistic data, skull length data, and the most complete phylogenetic trees to date for the group, we present a combined disparity, morphospace, and evolutionary rates analysis that reveals the tempo and mode of ichthyosaur morphological evolution through 160 million years. Ichthyosaur evolution shows an archetypal early burst trend, driven by ecological opportunity in Triassic seas, and an evolutionary bottleneck leading to a long-term reduction in evolutionary rates and disparity. This is represented consistently across all analytical methods by a Triassic peak in ichthyosaur disparity and evolutionary rates, and morphospace separation between Triassic and post-Triassic taxa.
Control of electron recollision and molecular nonsequential double ionization
Authors: Li Shuai , Sierra-Costa Diego , Michie Matthew J. , Ben-Itzhak Itzik , Dantus Marcos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntense laser pulses lasting a few optical cycles, are able to ionize molecules via different mechanisms. One such mechanism involves a process whereby within one optical period an electron tunnels away from the molecule, and is then accelerated and driven back as the laser field reverses its direction, colliding with the parent molecule and causing correlated non-sequential double ionization (NSDI). Here we report control over NSDI via spectral-phase pulse shaping of femtosecond laser pulses. The measurements are carried out on ethane molecules using shaped pulses. We find that the shaped pulses can enhance or suppress the yield of dications resulting from electron recollision by factors of 3 to 6. This type of shaped pulses is likely to impact all phenomena stemming from electron recollision processes induced by strong laser fields such as above threshold ionization, high harmonic generation, attosecond pulse generation, and laser-induced electron diffraction.
Profiles of immune cell infiltration in head and neck squamous carcinoma
Authors: Liang Bin , Tao Ye , Wang Tianjiao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Tumor immune infiltration cells (TIICs) are highly heterogeneous, not only in different cancer subtypes but also within different cancer regions. We conducted the Cell-type Identification using Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) method. We assessed the relative proportions of 22 TIICs in HNSC using publicly available TCGA transcriptional datasets, analyzed the proportions of TIICs between HNSC tissues and normal tissues, along with accompanying clinicopathological data, and the impact of TIICs on clinical outcome. After the filter criteria, a total of 395 patients were included in the analysis. We found significant differences in naïve B cells, monocytes, resting mast cells, activated mast cells, CD8+ T cells, and M0 macrophages between HNSC tissues and adjacent non-cancer tissues. We also found that some TIIC subgroups were significantly associated with clinical parameters. Moreover, the patients with low Tregs fraction had worse OS and DFS than those with high Tregs fraction. However, low M0 macrophages fraction was associated with better OS and DFS in HNSC patients. Moreover, Tregs and M0 macrophages are likely to be important determinants of prognosis, which may serve as a potential immunotherapy target for HNSC. Then, we screened the immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs), performed the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, constructed the protein–protein interaction network, and screened the prognosis-related hub genes in HNSC. However, further clinical investigation and basic experiments are needed to validate our results, and uncover the molecular mechanisms interlinking TIICs in HNSC and their roles in prognosis and therapy.
Prävention der Übertragung von Malariaerregern durch Bluttransfusion: ein Update über die Diagnostik und Spendertestung
Authors: Nowak-Harnau Stefanie , Hering Benedikt , Mordmüller Benjamin , Bakchoul Tamam 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungEine Übertragung von Malariaerregern durch Blutprodukte in Ländern, in denen Malaria nicht endemisch vorkommt, ist durch subklinisch infizierte Spender möglich, die in ein Malariarisikogebiet gereist sind oder die in einem Malariarisikogebiet geboren oder aufgewachsen sind. In Deutschland müssen sowohl die Richtlinie der Bundesärztekammer zur Herstellung von Blut und Blutprodukten als auch die Vorgaben des Paul-Ehrlich-Instituts zur Einschätzung des Risikos der Malariaendemiegebiete bei der Spenderauswahl berücksichtigt werden. Spendewillige mit einem Aufenthalt von 6 Monaten oder mehr in einem Risikogebiet für Malaria bzw. Spendewillige, die in Risikogebieten geboren sind, dürfen 4 Jahre nach Rückkehr aus einem Risikogebiet nur, wenn sie mittels geeigneter Methoden negativ getestet wurden, Blut spenden. Die Testung dieser Spender soll das Risiko einer Übertragung von Malariaerregern an Empfänger von Blutprodukten verringern. Verschiedene Testmethoden stehen hierfür zur Verfügung. In diesem Artikel werden wir die aktuelle Datenlage zur Prävention von Malariaübertragung durch Bluttransfusion zusammenfassen und einen Algorithmus vorstellen, welcher eine Zulassung von Spendewilligen ohne Anhalt für das Vorliegen einer Malariainfektion ermöglichen könnte.
Medical care or clinical research on humans? Contaminated anti-D immunoglobulin in the GDR and its consequences
Authors: Schochow Maximilian , Steger Florian 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background In 1978 and 1979, contaminated anti-D immunoglobulin was used in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). As a result, several thousand women were, in the end, infected with hepatitis C. These women received medical attention, part of which was research on hepatitis C. Up to now, results of the research and data are being published in international journals. It remains unclear whether the affected women were asked to be subjects of the clinical research.
Methods The authors analyzed historical sources and conducted interviews with contemporary witnesses.
Results In the GDR, these women were compulsorily treated by physicians without sufficient information about the disease, diagnostics, and therapy. If the women refused medical care, they were coerced into it by the physicians. Medical care and research were inseparable. Without the knowledge of the women and without their consent, research was carried out on the blood samples and liver biopsies acquired from them.After the German reunification, the same physicians continued to conduct research on the same group of patients. Beginning in 1990, interferon therapy was offered to the women. Parallel to the medication with interferon, studies on the effects of the therapy were carried out. In this case as well, the women were not informed about the use of collected data, nor did they agree to it.
Conclusions Physicians should clearly define the border between medical care and scientific interest. Exclusively, data obtained from studies performed correctly under ethical point of view should be accepted for publication.
Erlotinib plus Gemcitabin als Therapie bei Patienten mit metastasiertem Pankreaskarzinom: Ergebnisse einer nicht-interventionellen Studie
Authors: Westphalen C. Benedikt , Heinemann Volker , Tessen Hans Werner , Groschek Matthias , Hoeffkes Heinz-Gert , Marschner Norbert , Schulze Mathias , Beringer Andreas , Waldschmidt Dirk 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfasungVon allen Krebserkrankungen hat das metastasierte Pankreaskarzinom die schlechteste Prognose. Mit nab-Paclitaxel/Gemcitabin, FOLFIRINOX und Gemcitabin/Erlotinib gibt es mehrere Therapieoptionen, die das Gesamtüberleben der Patienten verbessern. Insbesondere Patienten, die unter der Therapie mit Erlotinib einen Hautausschlag (Rash) entwickeln, können von der Gemcitabin-Erlotinib-Kombinationstherapie profitieren. Diese nichtinterventionelle Studie (NIS ML21284) untersuchte die Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit der Gemcitabin-Erlotinib-Kombinationstherapie in der Behandlungsroutine des metastasierten Pankreaskarzinoms, insbesondere hinsichtlich Rash.Zwischen 2007 und 2010 wurden die Behandlungsdaten von 433 Patienten aus 98 Zentren dokumentiert. Die erhobenen Parameter wurden deskriptiv ausgewertet.Nach einer Gemcitabin-Erlotinib-Behandlung war das mediane Gesamtüberleben der Patienten mit Rash-Grad ≥ 1 mit 9,90 (95 %-Konfidenzintervall [KI]: 8,19–11,05) signifikant erhöht gegenüber 6,48 Monaten (95 %-KI: 5,66–7,40) bei Patienten, die keinen Rash entwickelten (p = 0,0010). Dies gilt ebenso für das mediane progressionsfreie Überleben (Patienten mit Rash-Grad ≥ 1 5,43; 95 %-KI: 4,90–6,12 vs. Patienten ohne Rash 3,98 Monate; 95 %-KI: 3,52–5,03, p = 0,0131). Die Gesamtansprechrate lag bei den mit Erlotinib und Gemcitabin behandelten Patienten mit Rash-Grad ≥ 1 um 5,9 % höher als bei Patienten ohne Rash (31,7 % vs. 25,8 %).Zusammenfassend unterstreichen die Ergebnisse aus der täglichen Behandlungspraxis des metastasierten Pankreaskarzinoms die Bedeutung der Kombinationstherapie Gemcitabin und Erlotinib für die Patientensubgruppe, die unter der Behandlung Rash entwickelt.
Der „critical view of safety“ zur Vermeidung von Gallengangskomplikationen bei der laparoskopischen Cholezystektomie
Authors: Grass Katharina , Oeckl Karin , Kersting Stephan 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie laparoskopische Cholezystektomie ist eine der am häufigsten durchgeführten Operationen weltweit. Gerade aufgrund der hohen Fallzahlen bleibt die iatrogene Verletzung des Ductus choledochus, so selten sie ist, ein nicht zu unterschätzendes Risiko des Eingriffs. Im Laufe der Jahre wurden unterschiedliche Methoden beschrieben, diese schwerwiegende Komplikation mit ihrer hohen Morbidität und sogar Mortalität zu vermeiden. Eine der sichersten Methoden der Vermeidung von Gallengangsläsionen ist die Etablierung des sog. „critical view of safety“ vor Durchtrennung jeglicher Strukturen, der in diesem Lehrvideo demonstriert werden soll.
Das diffuse maligne peritoneale Mesotheliom (DMPM) – eine seltene Diagnose
Authors: Habbel Victoria Susanne Antonia , Mahler Elisa Annabelle , Feyerabend Bernd , Oldhafer Karl-Jürgen , Lipp Michael Josef 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDas diffuse maligne peritoneale Mesotheliom (DMPM) ist eine seltene Diagnose. Es tritt häufiger bei Männern als bei Frauen auf. Die Symptome sind vor allem unspezifische abdominelle Beschwerden, was die Diagnosestellung erschwert. Die Ursachen des DMPM sind noch nicht ausreichend geklärt. Ca. 7 % der peritonealen Mesotheliome lassen sich auf eine Asbestexposition zurückführen. Das DMPM war bis zur Entwicklung des Therapiekonzepts der systematischen chirurgischen Zytoreduktion (CRS) und anschließenden hyperthermen intraperitonealen Chemotherapie (HIPEC) eine fatale Diagnose mit einer medianen Lebenserwartung von 4–13 Monaten. Mit der CRS und HIPEC verbesserte sich die Prognose des DMPM deutlich auf 30–92 Monate heutzutage. Das vorliegende Fallbeispiel stellt die heute mögliche Therapie und deren Ergebnisse vor.
Role of gastrointestinal endoscopy in the screening of digestive tract cancers in Europe: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement
Authors: Săftoiu Adrian , Hassan Cesare , Areia Miguel , Bhutani Manoop S. , Bisschops Raf , Bories Erwan , Cazacu Irina M. , Dekker Evelien , Deprez Pierre H. , Pereira Stephen P. , Senore Carlo , Capocaccia Riccardo , Antonelli Giulio , van Hooft Jeanin , Messmann Helmut , Siersema Peter D. , Dinis-Ribeiro Mario , Ponchon Thierry 
Published: February 2020

Summary of statementsIn Europe at present, but also in 2040, 1 in 3 cancer-related deaths are expected to be caused by digestive cancers. Endoscopic technologies enable diagnosis, with relatively low invasiveness, of precancerous conditions and early cancers, thereby improving patient survival. Overall, endoscopy capacity must be adjusted to facilitate both effective screening programs and rigorous control of the quality assurance and surveillance systems required.
1 For average-risk populations, ESGE recommends the implementation of organized population-based screening programs for colorectal cancer, based on fecal immunochemical testing (FIT), targeting individuals, irrespective of gender, aged between 50 and 75 years. Depending on local factors, namely the adherence of the target population and availability of endoscopy services, primary screening by colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy may also be recommendable.
2 In high-risk populations, endoscopic screening for gastric cancer should be considered for individuals aged more than 40 years. Its use in countries/regions with intermediate risk may be considered on the basis of local settings and availability of endoscopic resources.
3 For esophageal and pancreatic cancer, endoscopic screening may be considered only in high-risk individuals:– For squamous cell carcinoma, in those with a personal history of head/neck cancer, achalasia, or previous caustic injury; – For Barrett’s esophagus (BE)-associated adenocarcinoma, in those with long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms (i. e., > 5 years) and multiple risk factors (age ≥ 50 years, white race, male sex, obesity, first-degree relative with BE or esophageal adenocarcinoma [EAC]). – For pancreatic cancer screening, endoscopic ultrasound may be used in selected high-risk patients such as those with a strong family history and/or genetic susceptibility.