bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimum fertilizer for maize cultivation in suboptimal agroecosystem
Authors: Sinaga Parlin H. , Jahari Marsid , Usman  , Istina Ida Nur , Sutrisna Nana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Farmers on suboptimal land are generally economically disadvantaged and need to be supported by low-cost technology. The study aimed to find out a minimum fertilizer package for maize cultivation in tidal agroecosystem. The research was carried out on the tidal agroecosystem overflow type C, on alluvial land, peat, and alluvial + peat mixture in Siak District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Time of study from March to December 2018. The materials used were maize varieties Nasa 29, Bima Uri 19, Bisma and Sukmaraga, Urea, TSP, KCl, farmyard manure, dolomite, locality liquid organic fertilizer (LLOF), grilled ash, biological fertilizers, decomposers, pesticides, herbicides. There are 4 fertilization packages, i.e.: A (high dosage), B (high dosage + LLOF + Grilled ash), C (50% dosage + LLOF + grilled ash), D (low dosage). Experiments were designed using a randomized complete block design and repeated three times. To find out whether farming is profitable or not economically, it is analyzed by using Benefit-Cost Ratio. The results showed that Nasa 29 and Sukmaraga varieties produced the best average growth and yield for all soil types and fertilizer doses of 4.0 t ha−1 and 3.9 t ha−1 dry seeds, respectively. Reducing the dose of chemical fertilizer can be done to improve the ability of farmers to buy fertilizer depending on the type of soil and the availability of LLOF and grilled ash. Mixture of peat and alluvial is good soil for maize growth if combined with fertilizer package B. The reduction of 50% chemical fertilizer dosage (package C) on alluvial+peat soils causes Nasa 29 yields to fall by 2.4 t ha−1 (28%) from 8.6 t ha−1 in full packages B, but still provides a profit of Rp 12,418,000 ha−1 season−1
Utilization of sweet sorghum biomass for profitable feed and bioethanol
Authors: Syuryawati  , Suwarti  , BungaPabendon Marcia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sweet sorghum has many benefits, including its biomass, as an alternative to fodder which contains sugars and stems containing sugar which can be fermented into bio ethanol. The Research and Development Agency has produced several varieties of sweet sorghum, including Super-1, Super-2 and Numbu varieties. In this regard, a study was conducted on sweet sorghum varieties that produce biomass with a designation as animal feed and bio ethanol sources that have beneficial economic value. The study was conducted at KP. Maros in August-December 2016, used the Split-Plot design with three replications. The main plot is six spacing (60 cm× 10 cm, 60 cm × 15 cm, 60 cm × 20 cm, 70 cm × 10 cm, 70 cm × 15 cm, 70 cm × 20 cm) and subplots in the form of three varieties of sweet sorghum (Super 1, Super 2, Numbu). The results showed that based on the varieties, the three sweet sorghum varieties obtained stover results of 47.8-54.1 t/ha which provided revenue of Rp 16,740,500-18,938,500 with a profit of Rp 6,938,000-9,391,000/ha and the value R/C ratio 1.71 - 2.01; cost/kg stover ratio around Rp 174-205. The results of ethanol for health obtained as many as 830.64-1171.64 l/ha with a sales profit of Rp 11,443,284-27,073,399/ha (at a price of Rp 50,000/l) and an R/C ratio 1.38-1.86 with ratio of cost per liter of ethanol around Rp 26,893-36,224. Numbu variety obtained the highest profit and was more efficient both stover yield and ethanol yield. Production of stover biomass based on sixs pacing ranges from 39-76 t/ha and the acquisition of revenue of Rp 13,650,000-26,600,000/ha. Planting distance of 60 cm × 10 cm has the highest profit (Rp 16,712,000) compared to other planting distances, and is more efficient with an R/C value of 2.69 and a lower cost/kg stover ratio of Rp 130. Based on this sweet sorghum biomass can provide profitable income and provide nutritious animal feed needs so it is feasible to be developed.
Effect of soaking duration in hydropriming on seed vigor of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. moench)
Authors: Komalasari Oom , Arief Ramlah 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Priming or invigoration is treatments on seeds to enhance and improve the appearance of seeds that germinate. Research on priming was conducted in Indonesian Cereal Research Institute (ICERI) seed laboratory from May 2017 until October 2018 to evaluate the effect of soaking duration in hydropriming on sorghum seed vigor. Seed quality parameters includes germination percentages, germination rate, shoot and primary root length, shoot and root dry weight, electric conductivity of seed leakage. Sorghum seed variety of Numbu and Super1 were used as varieties tested. Results showed that priming treatments significantly effect on increasing germination percentage, germination rate, shoot and root length, shoot and root dry weight. The priming treatment with soaking duration 2 hours has positive significant effect on seed vigor, in terms of germination rate, shoot and root length and shoot and root dry weight, and electrolyte leakage.
Barrier to entry and feasibility of community based corn seed agribusiness: study case in Sigi Regency Central Sulawesi
Authors: Rahayu Heni SP , Irmadamayanti A. , Febrianti T. , Syafruddin  , Ishak A.B.L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The availability of corn seed at the farm level with reachable price plays an important role in the productivity of corn farming. However the sustainability of this agribusiness mostly depends on how its marketing exists. This paper investigates barriers to entry and feasibility in based community seed corn agribusiness to get sustainable business. The study used a survey to 20 member of based community corn seed breeder and the evaluation of other breeder groups under the supervision of the Field School Seed Independent Program hat have been carried out in the period of 2015 to 2018. The study also has survey in market structure of seed corn in Central Sulawesi especially Sigi District. The data were descriptively analysed. The result shows that corn seed agribusiness was feasible with Benefit Cost Ratio 1, 06 in partnership system. While an assessment identifies some activities with negligible entry barriers, a notable cost of entry is associated with most activities including promotion cost. Other concern barriers are economies of scale, distribution network, high competitive market with incumbent producer based on quality product, differentiation product, and promotion systems. Based on direct superior seed distribution or BLBU procurement policy, market opportunities especially for Research and Development hybrid corn varieties are still promising considering there is 26% gap between corn seed production and demand in Sigi Regency and wider in Central Sulawesi.
Study of adoption rate of corn integrated crop management in Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Sugiman Sri Bananiek , Asaad Muh. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Dissemination of corn Integrated Crop Management (ICM) technology has been introduced to farmers, but its application is not widespread. The study aims to determine the level of adoption and socioeconomic factors that influence the opportunities for the application of corn ICM technology in Southeast Sulawesi. The study used a survey method with 90 respondents. Data analysis uses scoring techniques to determine the level of adoption of corn ICM, and logistic regression analysis to determine socioeconomic factors that influence farmers’ opportunities to adopt the technology. The results showed that the level of adoption of the technology component of corn ICM in Southeast Sulawesi was included in the moderate category with a value of 56.05%. The relatively high corn ICM technology components were adopted by farmers, namely harvest technology (84.4%), superior varieties (83.33%), and quality and labelled seed technology (66.67%). While the technology that is less adopted by farmers is embedding (26.67%) and use organic fertilizer (18.89) There are socio-economic factors that influence farmers ‘opportunities in implementing corn ICM technology, namely: age, farming experience, land area and farmers’ perceptions of the characteristics of the technology. This indicates that the socio-economic factors of farmers (age, experience of farming, land area) and farmers ‘perceptions of technology are very important in making farmers’ decisions to adopt corn ICM technology in Southeast Sulawesi.
Response and assessment of farmers on maize seed technology of Nasa 29 new high yielding varieties in Sigi District, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Dewi Mardiana , Risna  , Irmadamayanti A. , Wahyuni A.N. , Syafruddin  , Ishak A.B.L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The use of New High Yielding Varieties of maize plays an important role in efforts to increase maize production. New High Yielding Varieties that introduced at the field school of the seed village self-sufficient is NASA-29. This New High Yielding Varieties of hybrid maize has many advantages, including produce double cobs with a frequency up to 70%, full seed filling on the cobs, the corncob is relatively small and hard so it is resistant to breaking when it is shelled, high yield, and the stalks is stronger. This study aims to determine the response and assessment of farmers in Sigi Regency to the seed technology of Nasa-29 New High Yielding Varieties. The study was carried out from January to December 2018 at the Langgeng Farmer Group, Kaleke Village. Respondents are farmers who carry out the field school of the seed village self-sufficient. Response data were analyzed using scoring method, to measure the importance of the NASA-29 New High Yielding Varieties’ assessment level. The method that used is The IPA method (Important and Performance Analysis). Farmers’ responses to the technology components delivered at the field school were in the doubtful to very interested category (scoring 3,00-5,00), the highest response is harvest on time (5,00), and the lowest response is the spacing of 70 cm x 20 cm with 1 seed per hole. The results of the IPA analysis that have been obtained, it is known that not all farmers’ expectations of NASA-29 attributes are in accordance with the level of importance to the production of seeds for breeders.
Implementation and farmer perception of corn seed production technology in Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Sugiman Sri Bananiek , Abidin Zainal , Asaad Muh. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The availability of good quality seeds is an important factor for increasing national corn production. To ensure the availability of quality corn seeds from superior varieties produced by the IAARD, a dissemination model was carried out through the Corn Seed Independent Field School program. This paper aims to determine the implementation of independent corn seed field schools and farmers’ perceptions of seed production technology in Southeast Sulawesi. The results of research were (1) Corn Field Independent School as a concept for the dissemination of corn seed production technology has provided a change to the increase of knowledge and skills to farmers regarding the technology of corn seed production (hybrid) (2) The activities of independent corn seed field schools have grown the institution of formal corn breeders in Konawe Selatan District and have succeeded in producing quality seeds that have passed certification (3) Perception analysis was obtained, from the business aspect of corn seed production, 88% of farmers gave a positive perception, as well as farmers’ perceptions of technological characteristics, there were 95% of farmers providing a positive perception. This shows that the technology of corn seed production has the opportunity to be cultivated and further developed.
The effects of continuously high temperatures on apical development and yield of four varieties of wheat
Authors: Zubaidi Akhmad , Anugrahwati Dwi Ratna , McDonald Glenn K , Gill Gurjeet 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to examine how wheat responded to an extended period of high temperatures under controlled conditions to supplement field studies with these varieties on Lombok Island. Two Indonesian wheat varieties (Nias and Dewata) and two Australian varieties (Axe and Gladius) were examined in growth room experiments at 3 different temperature regimes 32/23°C, 28/20°C and 25/15°C day/night with 12 h daylight. Temperature and photoperiod were selected to simulate conditions on Lombok Island, at lowland (32/23°C) and highland (28/20°C) sites. A third temperature (25/15°C) was selected to represent the temperature in a more temperate wheat producing area. The rate of plant development increases with the rise of the temperatures up to an optimum temperature and slower after further increases. Despite being exposed to high temperatures from the establishment, the effect of high temperature was more severe during the reproductive stage as seen by the fact that yield was more affected than dry matter accumulation and yield was most strongly related to grain number. Genetic variability in response to heat stress was evident with the Indonesian varieties being more tolerant to high temperatures than Australian varieties. Nias and Dewataproduced higher yield and biomass.
Determining rice planting time based on financial feasibility analysis are supported with a choice of cultivation technology
Authors: Suciantini  , Boer Rizaldi , Las Irsal , Buono Agus 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Available technology options such as choice of varieties, fertilization, irrigation, organic fertilizers, which is supported by the information of rainfall pattern can be used as a reference for farmers in finding the best planting time, to minimize the negative impact of climate variability. The ideal technology choice allows a farming takes place effectively and efficiently. Therefore, the selection of technology was done by taking the best output that obtained with minimal costs. Financial feasibility analysis was performed by using simulation model to calculate cost and benefit at different planting dates, in order to select the best planting time. By doing a cost and benefit analysis in terms of BC ratio, one can decided whether technology can be implemented or not. This research conducted in 2010 until 2011 in Pacitan District. The results showed that the planting date for second planting season will yield a decline, when planting time backward. Planting until March 1 still provides a promising opportunity (B/C >1) means that investment is still profitable. The information obtained is one of support for the dynamic cropping calendar information.
Challenges and opportunities for the development of national hybrid seed production in the agribusiness perspective in Indonesia
Authors: Bahtiar  , Azrai Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The development of national hybrid corn seed production is faced by two factors that interplay namely; challenges and opportunities. In an agribusiness perspective, overcoming challenges means creating opportunities. The more challenges that are over come the more opportunities available. Many factors are challenges and obstacles, and many factors are opportunities that can motivate the development of national hybrid corn seeds. The research were conducted in four provinces; in South Sulawesi for 3 years, in Central Sulawesi for 4 years, in Southeast Sulawesi for 3 years, and NTB for 4 years. Five variables i.e. the cohesiveness of farmer groups applying SOP for seed production, institutional support, marketing support, government policy support, and farming profits were considered in the study. The results showed that the most serious challenge faced in developing hybrid corn seed production was marketing. In Central Sulawesi, which has better marketing institutions, breeding corn seeds is more developed than other regions. Profits range from 15 million to 17 million rupiah per hectare. Conversely in NTB and Southeast Sulawesi, marketing is not smooth so breeding does not develop. In NTB, from 2015 to 2017 marketing is carried out within groups and out side groups at a price of Rp.25,000/kg. Likewise in Southeast Sulawesi, the regional government did not provide marketing guarantees so farmers sought their own and had difficulty finding markets because of the emergence of assisted seeds in the region. Captive breeding area in NTB in 2015 was 1.0 ha increased to 3 ha in the second year, increased to 5 ha in the third yea turned to 1 ha in the fourth year. Then the factor as the strong motivator was the establishment of a national corn seed use policy which provides a quota portion of 40% of the need for assisted seeds. This policy motivates all parties concerned to coordinate, both internally coordinating each agency, and externally sothat the quota set by the government can be properly fulfilled.
Identification of problem and needs in technical innovation to increase the productivity of rice, corn, and cattle in the Upsus region (national strategic program) in Central Sulawesi
Authors: Norfahmi Femmi , Mardiana  , Rameda N.M. , Panikkai S. , Ishak A.B.L. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The study was conducted in Central Sulawesi. This study aims to identify the problem and needs in technical innovation services to increase the productivity of rice, corn, and cattle in the upsus region. UPSUS is Special Effort Program from Ministry of Agriculture to increase the production of strategic comodity. Base on data in 2015 the harvested area of rice in Central Sulawesi was 203,918 ha with a total production of 1,001,949,19 tonnes. Compared to 2014, rice production in 2015 was decreased (1,006,437 tonnes). For corn, the harvested land of corn was 32,502 ha with a production of 131,123 tonnes, and the productivity of 4.34 tonnes per hectares. In 2014, the harvested area of corn was higher which was around 41,647 hectares with production 170,201.3 tonnes and productivity of 4.87 ton per hectare. The lower harvested land and production in 2015 compared to 2014, there was a decreased productivity in rice and corn. Donggala regency had the biggest population of cattle farming system in 2017 with the number of cattle around 42,217 cows, and most cattle were located in Dampelas sub-district (8816 cows). The decreasing production of rice and corn are caused by the reduced harvested land area and nonoptimal use of technological innovation. Technological innovation is also a necessity in increasing the production of cattle and the income of farmers. Adoption of innovation of technology has showed the best result to increase the production of rice 86% and corn 44%. The result of this study indicates that technological innovation is one of the solutions for the problems facing by the farm households, specifically for technical problems, such as the integrated crop management of rice and corn and cattle preservation technique. Additionally, farm households need technological information to increase the production and their farms’ productivity which lead to the increasing income and welfare of farm households.
Perception analysis and factor affecting the consumption of local food from corn in Kendari City
Authors: Musadar  , Abidin Zainal 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Corn-based local food must continue to be encouraged to be a buffer for national food security, so that dependence on rice can continue to be reduced. The assessment was conducted to determine the perceptions and factors that influence the consumption of local food from corn. The research was conducted in Kendari City using a survey method of 150 respondents who were selected through random sampling based on ethnic diversity in Kendari, namely Tolakinese (local ethnicity), Munanese, Butonese, Bugisnese / Makassarnese, Javanese / Sumatranese and others and Chinese. The results of the study showed that public perception was classified as moderate (64%). Factors affecting the consumption of local food from corn are age, number of household members, ethnicity and cosmopolit level. In the future, the consumption of local food from corn still needs to be improved through promotion and advocacy as well as reforming various aspects, especially aspects of nutrition and health.
Analysis economic efficiency use of production factors corn farming on marginal land in South Sulawesi
Authors: Yuniarsih E T , Taufiq M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The UPSUS program to increase corn production in marginal land is strived to implement the recommended technology package so that it can add value to increasing corn productivity. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors of production that affect corn farming on marginal land. This research was conducted on less than optimal land in the village of North Tolo, Kelara District, Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi. Using survey and interview methods using a structured questionnaire, the selection of respondents was done by accidental sampling, the number of respondents determined using the Slovin formula as many as 92 respondents. The analysis used is the Cobb Douglas analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that the variable land area significantly influences corn production at a 95% to 99% confidence level or a significance value of 0.05. While the factors of seed production, labor, manure, and pesticides do not have a significant effect seen from the significance value greater than the level of significance tested (0.05). Economically the use of corn production inputs in marginal land is considered less efficient and the effect of production inputs on output is not elastic, this shows a lower increase in output when compared to an increase in input. use input is already in an unfavorable condition (decreasing return to scale) and marginal input productivity starts to decline.
Agribusiness institutional development model of corn in Muna regency, Indonesia
Authors: Sinaini La , Iwe La 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to formulate a model of institutional development of corn agribusiness in Muna Regency. This research was conducted in Muna Regency in January 2017 until May 2018. The data analysis used is qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the corn farmer group had not yet played a role in conducting collective learning, collaboration and production activities, so that the farmers walked individually in corn agribusiness activities. The combined institutions of farmer groups, cooperative institutions, and community economic institutions have not played a maximum role as maize financing institutions, processing and marketing of maize, so it has not guaranteed maize farmers to increase their income continuously. Extension agencies have not been instrumental in strengthening the corn agribusiness institutions and adoption of agribusiness technology of corn to corn farmers. Integrated corn agribusiness institutional model between corn farmer group, combination of maize farmer group, community economic institution, cooperative, and village-owned enterprise supported by extension institution, research and development institution/university, banking institution, production facility institution, processing and marketing efforts, can increase the income of corn farmers in a sustainable manner in Muna Regency.