bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Acute Appendicitis Before and Within COVID 19 Era: A Retrospective Study from Rural Nepal
Authors: Baral Suman , Chhetri Rajkumar , Thapa Neeraj 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Currently, the world has been engulfed with the pandemicity of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and various mitigating measures like lock down and social distancing are being taken which have created significant impact in the emergency surgical health delivery including acute appendicitis (AA). The main aim of this study was to compare the demographic and clinical parameters between two cohorts before the onset of lockdown and within the pandemic.Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was performed between two groups of patients presenting with AA in one of the tertiary care centers of rural Nepal. The cohorts were named group A and group B who presented three months prior to and after initiation of lockdown on March 24 2020 respectively. These two groups of patients were compared in demographics, clinicopathological characteristics and surgical aspects of acute appendicitis. Results There were 42 patients in group A and 50 patients in group B. Mean age of the patients was 31.32±171.18 years with male preponderance in group B (N= 29). Mean duration of pain increased significantly in group B [55.4±25.9(B) vs 43.52±30.3(A) hours, P= 0.04] along with mean duration of surgery. [51.06±9.4(B) vs 45.27±11.8(A) minutes, P= 0.015] There was significant decrease in post-operative hospital stay among group B patients. [3.05±1.19(B) vs 4.05±0.8(A) days, P= 0.0001] Complicated cases increased in group B (38% vs 33.3 % including appendicular perforation in 10 cases with perforation rate of 20 %. Six of these 10 cohorts had fecalith present intraoperatively. (P= 0.0001) Similarly, mean duration of presentation to hospital significantly increased in group B patients with perforation. [64.8±22.7(B) vs 52.05±14.7(A) hours] Conclusion During the adversity of COVID 19, increased number of cases of AA can be dealt with surgery as the chances of late presentation and complexity of the lesion exists.
Clinical implication of serologic indexes and compositional changes of immune cells on hyperprogressive disease in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy
Authors: Kang Jin-Hyoung , Kim Seo Ree , Chun Sang hoon , Kim Joo ri , Kim Sang-Yeob , Seo Jun young , Jung Chan Kwon , Gil Bo-Mi , Kim Jeong-Oh , Ko Yoon Ho , Woo In Sook , Shim Byoung Yong , Hong Sook-Hee 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) are characterized by a durable clinical response and better tolerability in patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors. However, we not infrequently encounter patients with hyperprogressive disease (HPD) exhibiting paradoxically accelerated tumor growth with poor outcomes. This study aimed to determine differences in factors among patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) displaying different tumor responses to immunotherapy.
Methods
This study evaluated 231 NSCLC patients receiving ICBs between January 2014 and May 2018. HPD was defined as a > 2-fold tumor growth kinetics ratio during ICB therapy and time-to-treatment failure of ≤ 2 months. We analyzed clinical data, imaging studies, periodic serologic indexes, and immune cell compositions in tumors and stromata using multiplex immunohistochemistry.
Results
Twenty-six patients (11.3%) met the HPD criteria. HPD was more frequent in patients with oncogenic driver mutations, ≥ 3 metastatic sites, ≥ 4 prior systemic treatments, and low PD-L1 expression (< 10%). Serological indexes at the first response evaluation were significantly associated with HPD. The number of CD4 + effector T cells and CD8 + cytotoxic T cells, and CD8+/PD-1 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes tended to be smaller, especially in stromata of HPD group. While in the stromal region, there were more M2-type macrophages expressing CD14, CD68 and CD163, and remarkably fewer intratumoral CD56 + NK cells in HPD.
Conclusions
These results indicate that oncogenic driver mutations, multiple metastatic sites, serological markers, fewer CD8+/PD-1 + cells, and more M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment predict HPD in advanced/metastatic NSCLC patients undergoing immunotherapy.
A risk stratification model based on four novel biomarkers predicts prognosis for patients with renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Kubota Shigehisa , Yoshida Tetsuya , Kageyama Susumu , Isono Takahiro , Yuasa Takeshi , Yonese Junji , Kushima Ryoji , Kawauchi Akihiro , Chano Tokuhiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Accurate prediction of the prognosis of RCC using a single biomarker is challenging due to the genetic heterogeneity of the disease. However, it is essential to develop an accurate system to allow better patient selection for optimal treatment strategies. ARL4C, ECT2, SOD2 and STEAP3 are novel molecular biomarkers identified in earlier studies as survival-related genes by comprehensive analyses of 43 primary RCC tissues and RCC cell lines. Methods: To develop a prognostic model based on these multiple biomarkers, the expression of four biomarkers ARL4C, ECT2, SOD2, and STEAP3 in primary RCC tissue were semi-quantitatively investigated by immunohistochemical analysis in an independent cohort of 97 patients who underwent nephrectomy, and the clinical significance of these biomarkers were analyzed by survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves. The prognostic model was constructed by calculation of the contribution score to prognosis of each biomarker on Cox regression analysis, and its prognostic performance was validated.Results: Patients whose tumors had high expression of the individual biomarkers had shorter cancer-specific survival (CSS) from the time of primary nephrectomy. The prognostic model based on four biomarkers segregated the patients into a high- and low-risk scored group according to defined cut-off value. This approach was more robust in predicting CSS compared to each single biomarker alone in the total of 97 patients with RCC. Especially in the 36 metastatic RCC patients, our prognostic model could more accurately predict early events within 2 years of diagnosis of metastasis. In addition, high risk-scored patients with particular strong SOD2 expression had a much worse prognosis in 25 patients with metastatic RCC who were treated with molecular targeting agents. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that a prognostic model based on four novel biomarkers provides valuable data for prediction of clinical prognosis and useful information for considering the follow-up conditions and therapeutic strategies for patients with primary and metastatic RCC.
microRNA-101 Represents an Innovative Bio-Marker in Oral Cancer Detection
Authors: Wang Lili , Song Hongguang , Yang Shiming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: It had been suggested that microRNA-101 (miR-101) was involved in carcinogenesis and progression of various human tumors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of miR-101 in oral cancer.Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) was used to detect the serum mRNA level of miR-101 in 130 oral cancer cases and 82 healthy individuals. The association of miR-101 with clinical characteristics of oral cancer patients was estimated using chi-square test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of miR-101 in oral cancer.Results: Compared with healthy controls, serum miR-101 level was significantly down-regulated in oral cancer patients (P<0.001). Furthermore, low expression of miR-101 was closely associated with histological grade (P=0.037), TNM stage (P=0.018) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.023). ROC curve analysis indicated that serum miR-101 could effectively distinguish oral cancer patients from healthy controls with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.878 (95%CI=0.834-0.922, P<0.001). The cutoff level of miR-101 expression for oral cancer diagnosis was 1.46, with the sensitivity of 82.9% and the specificity of 74.6%.Conclusions: Decreased expression of miR-101 is correlated with the aggressive progression of oral cancer. Serum miR-101 may be a promising bio-marker for early diagnosis of oral cancer.
The Prognostic Value of miR-302b in Patients With NSCLC
Authors: Zhao Yue , Kong Xiangjun , Wang Hongbing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. The most frequent type of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play important role in human cancers. Studies suggest that the aberrant expression of miRNAs could act as the diagnostic or prognostic biomarker in human cancers, including lung cancer. MicroRNA-302b (miR-302b) has ever been investigated in several human cancers. The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic value of miR-302b in patients with NSCLC.Methods: Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis were used to measure the expression level of miR-302b in NSCLC and adjacent noncancerous samples. The relationship of miR-302b with the clinicopathological data of NSCLC was analyzed by Chi-square test. The prognostic value of miR-302b was assessed by using the Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis.Results: The expression level of miR-302b was downregulated in the NSCLC samples compared with the paired adjacent noncancerous samples (P < 0.05). The decreased miR-302b was found correlated with the differentiation (P = 0.019) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.019) of NSCLC. The survival curves suggested that patients with lower miR-302b expression had poor overall survival than those with high miR-302b expression. The results of Cox analysis demonstrated that the expression of miR-302b was an independent and effective prognostic factor in NSCLC patients with the P of 0.002 (HR = 2.508, 95% CI = 1.410 - 4.463).Conclusion: In one word, the expression of miR-302b was decreased in NSCLC samples, and the miR-302 expression might act as a prognostic biomarker in NSCLC patients.
Clinical Warning of Hemophagocytic Syndrome Caused by Epstein-barr Virus
Authors: Shi Jinjin , Chu Chu , Yu Min , Zhang Dandan , Li Yuqin , Fan Yujie , Yu Yixue , Luo Yali , Zhou Wei-fang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to compare the clinical features and laboratory tests of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and hemophagocytic syndrome (HLH) caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 1-3-year-old children and to explore the risk factor of HLH caused by EBV (EBV-HLH).
Methods
The clinical data of 92 children with EBV infection admitted in our hospital from 2011 to 2019 were collected; 61 cases were diagnosed as EBV-IM, and 31 cases were diagnosed as EBV-HLH. The subjects’ clinical manifestations and laboratory tests were analyzed retrospectively.
Results
Compared with EBV-IM patients, EBV-HLH patients had longer durations of fever, both before hospitalization and overall, and a higher probability of hepatomegaly. The levels of ALT, AST, LDH, TG, SF, D-Dimer and the plasma EBV DNA load of EBV-HLH patients were significantly higher than those of EBV-IM patients. The absolute values of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, NK, and CD3-CD19+ cells and IgA and IgM levels of EBV-HLH patients were significantly lower than those of EBV-IM patients. The plasma EBV DNA load was positively correlated with the PT, TT, α-HBDH, AST, LDH, CK, Scr, BUN, UA, TG, and CRP levels in EBV-HLH patients, and the plasma EBV DNA load was positively correlated with the D-Dimer level in the EBV-IM patients. Among the 10 different potential markers, at the cut-off point of 1721.500 µg/L, the sensitivity and specificity of D-Dimer was 88.90% and 90.20%, respectively.
Conclusion
The D-Dimer level may be a good prognostic indicator of EBV-HLH caused by EBV.
A Targeted Folate Receptor-α Near-infrared Fluorescent Agent Used for in Vitro Diagnosis of Endometrial Cytology
Authors: Liang Dongxin , Tuo Xiaoqian , Zhao Lanbo , Zhang Kailu , Wang Yiran , Feng Xue , Yin Panyue , Guo Lin , Jing Wei , Wang Qing , Sun Chao , Zou Junkai , Han Lu , Li Qiling 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Endometrial cancer is the second-most prevalent cancer after breast cancer. Endometrial cytology test is a new diagnosis method for endometrial lesions. However, some unresolved issues limited the application of endometrial cytology test (ECT) in early diagnosis and screening of endometrial cancer. Evidence suggests that FRα is overexpressed in various solid tumors such as endometrial cancer, breast carcinoma, ovarian cancer and so on. Based on the expression of FR-α, the agent used in intraoperative imaging, FRα-targeting antibody drugs and diagnosis were developed previously. Nevertheless, research regarding agents used in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer is rarely carried out yet.
Methods

To obtain a promising and efficient method for in vitro and screening diagnosis of endometrial cytology, we performed the synthesis and evaluation of the new near-infrared targeting fluorescent dye folic acid-ZW800-1 (ZW-FA) and to explore its potential feasibility for in vitro diagnosis of endometrial cancer. Characterisation and Folate receptor-α (FR-α) targeting verification of ZW-FA were performed first and 92 patients were recruited, after liquid-based cytology preparations, during a 15-month period. ZW-FA and Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining were performed on all cytological slides successively; the histological diagnoses were regarded as the gold standard for ROC curve analysis.
Results

The cut-off value of ZW-FA fluorescence intensity is 62.9745; the sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), false-negative rate (FNR), false-positive rate (FPR), positive predictive value (PV+) percentage and negative predictive value (PV–) of the ZW-FA method are 84.6%, 85.2%, 15.4%,14.8%, 93.2% and 69.7%, respectively.
Conclusions

ZW-FA is potentially efficient for in vitro diagnosis of endometrial lesions based on the FR-α expression level of different endometrial lesions. This research offers a promising and efficient method for in vitro and screening diagnosis of endometrial cytology.
Trial registration:
ChiCTR1800020123. Registered December 15, 2018.
Landesverweisung und Freizügigkeitsabkommen – Bundesgericht vertagt Entscheid über Normenkonflikt
Authors: Burri Nina 
Published: July 2020

Der vorliegende Beitrag bespricht die ersten zwei Urteile des Bundesgerichts zum Verhältnis der neuen Landesverweisung und dem Freizügigkeitsabkommen (FZA). Die Richtungsweisung des Bundesgerichts wurde aufgrund der grossen Relevanz des Themas in der Praxis mit Spannung erwartet. Doch das Warten hat sich (noch) nicht gelohnt. In beiden Urteilen kann sich das Bundesgericht einer eingehenden Prüfung der Vorrangsfrage entziehen. Den ersten Fall (obligatorische Landesverweisung) weist das Bundesgericht erwartungsgemäss ans Zürcher Obergericht zurück, da Letzteres verkannt hatte, dass sich der Beschwerdeführer nicht auf das FZA berufen kann. Im zweiten Fall hält das Bundesgericht fest, dass die Vorinstanz Art. 66abis StGB (fakultative Landesverweisung) FZA-konform angewandt habe. Die Begründung des zweiten Falles erstaunt allerdings aufgrund einer widersprüchlichen Vorgehensweise und einiger sachlich schwer nachvollziehbarer Aussagen, die am Ende des vorliegenden Beitrags kommentiert werden.
Multy-Culture and Diversity Management in Today’s Organizations
Authors: Ten Yu. P. , Smirnova I. L. , Ivanova S. P. 
Published: July 2020

In today’s organizations the concept of diversity management has won a steady position for the last 30 years and is becoming more and more important due to inevitable extension of human society diversity. The article provides certain aspects of multi-culturalism ideology, some approaches to managing cultural diversification within the frames of the current context of management. The authors studies subjects of diversity management, which is acute and needed for today’s business-practice. They analyzed G. Hofsted cultural typology, ranged key types of world cultures according to R. D. Lewis and their principle characteristics. The research aims at two basic positions: on the one hand, diversity management can help organizations that are afraid of the phenomenon because of its assumed adverse consequences; on the other hand, it can help companies, which realize this concept now and use its advantages. In conclusion the authors write that efficient diversity management implies changes in consciousness, attitude, behavior, organizational practice, structure and culture, as well as in totality of rules, procedures and ethic of business, where every person from different layers of society could contribute to attainment of organization’s goals and realize his/her own potential.
Minimizing Social and Economic Losses Due to Personnel Discharge in Conditions of Economic Crisis and Overcoming After-Effects of the New Corona-Virus Infection
Authors: Kartashova L. V. 
Published: July 2020

Not a single country, which found itself in the emergency situation due to COVID-19 spread, cannot avoid the growth in the number of unemployed and those who lost jobs and Russia is not an exception. In conditions of crisis phenomena in economy rising, this problem keeps deteriorating. Taking into account the situation in the country the author puts forward a system approach to realizing measures of active support of population employment. The article touches upon different problems: economic, organizational, legal, social, psychological and ethical. The author proposes three groups of interconnected solutions: prevention of dismissal in the period of temporary economic difficulties; smoothing crisis consequences for discharged workers; supporting those who go on working in the organization. Leaning on the situational approach to the estimation of industry and region labour markets the author puts forward a wide range of alternative solutions aimed at employment regulation, which are based on principles of social partnership and integration of efforts of all concerned parties - state and society, representatives of employers and workers themselves. Special attention is paid to specific forms of employment to minimize adverse consequences of personnel dismissal. Prospects of flexible employment and distance work were grounded and their possibilities and restrictions were studied.
Computational Analysis of Domains Vulnerable to HPV-16 E6 Oncoprotein and Corresponding Hot Spot Residues
Authors: Malik Rabbiah Manzoor , Fazal Sahar , Kamal Mohammad Amjad 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the primary cause of cancers in cervix,
head and neck regions. Oncoprotein E6 of HPV-16, after infecting human body, alters host protein-
protein interaction networks. E6 interacts with several proteins, causing the infection to
progress into cervical cancer. The molecular basis for these interactions is the presence of short linear
peptide motifs on E6 identical to those on human proteins.

Methods:
Motifs of LXXLL and E/DLLL/V-G after identification on E6, were analyzed for their
dynamic fluctuations by use of elastic network models. Correlation analysis of amino acid residues
of E6 was also performed in specific regions of motifs.

Results:
Arginine, Leucine, Glutamine, Threonine and Glutamic acid have been identified as hot
spot residues of E6 which can subsequently provide a platform for drug designing and understanding
of pathogenesis of cervical cancer. These amino acids play a significant role in stabilizing interactions
with host proteins, ultimately causing infections and cancers.

Conclusion:
Our study validates the role of linear binding motifs of E6 of HPV in interacting with
these proteins as an important event in the propagation of HPV in human cells and its transformation
into cervical cancer. The study further predicts the domains of protein kinase and armadillo as
part of the regions involved in the interaction of E6AP, Paxillin and TNF R1, with viral E6.
Delivery and Anti-Psoriatic Effect of Silibinin-Loaded Polymeric Micelles: An Experimental Study in the Psoriatic Skin Model
Authors: Chavoshy Fateme , Zadeh Behzad Sharif Makhmal , Tamaddon Ali Mohammad , Anbardar Mohammad Houssin 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
Psoriasis is an inflamed skin disorder associated with the activation of phosphorylation
signals in keratinocytes, which leads to proliferation. Phosphorylation signal inhibitors, such as
silibinin can inhibit cell proliferation. Unlike current psoriasis treatment approaches that are associated
with dangerous side effects; natural components can introduce new trends in psoriasis treatment. The
major problem in the topical treatment of psoriasis is drug localization through the psoriasis lesions.

Methods:
In this study, silibinin-loaded polymeric micelles prepared and characterized for drug loading
and release and ex vivo permeation through psoriatic and normal mice skin. The optimized batch was
used for the treatment of psoriasis lesions in the mice model.

Results:
The optimized batch demonstrated mean particle size 18.3 ± 2.1 nm, entrapment efficiency
75.8 ± 5.8%, and prolonged silibinin release. % Silibinin permeated through psoriatic skin after 48
treated by polymeric micelle and aqueous control was 80.35, and 92.6, respectively. Polymeric micelles
increased silibinin localization in the psoriatic skin in comparison with control. In psoriatic skin after 7-
10 days treatment by silibinin- loaded polymeric micelle, there was no evidence of psoriasis and the
histological evaluation showed no sign of psoriasis. Silibinin-loaded polymeric micelles reduced Psoriasis
area index by more than 78% after 14 days.

Conclusion:
It seems that polymeric micelles increased the effectiveness of silibinin by drug localization
into the psoriatic plaque. Topical STAT- 3inhibitors can be introduced as a new strategy in psoriasis
treatment.
Quantitative Structure-activity Relationships; Studying the Toxicity of Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Gao Yuting , Zhai Honglin , She Xilin , Si Hongzong 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Metal nanomaterials are widely used in various fields, including targeted therapy
and diagnosis. They are extensively used in targeted drug delivery and local treatments. However,
the toxicity associated with these materials could lead to severe adverse health effects.

Methods:
In this study, we investigated the relationships between the toxicity and structures of metal
nanoparticles by using theoretical calculations and quantitative structure-activity relationships. Twenty
four physicochemical descriptors and toxicity data of 23 types of metal nanoparticles were selected as
samples, and a multiple linear regression model was established to obtain a toxicity prediction equation
with 5 descriptors with an R2
of 0.910. Structures of copper nanoparticles were designed based on the
model, and the structure with low toxicity was searched. The multiple nonlinear regression model was
used to further improve the prediction accuracy.

Results:
The R2 values were 0.995 in the training set and 0.988 in the test set, which indicated that the
prediction accuracy improved. Based on the result of multiple linear regression, we designed copper
nanoparticles with low toxicity.

Conclusion:
The study confirmed that the quantitative structure-activity relationship was a reasonable
method for predicting the toxicity and designing the structures with low toxicity of metal nanoparticles.