bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclopiazonic acid induced p53‐dependent apoptosis in the testis of mice: Another male related risk factor of infertility
Authors: Bonyadi Farzaneh , Hasanzadeh Shapor , Malekinejad Hassan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCyclopiazonic acid (CPA) is an indole tetrameric acid mycotoxin. This study carried out to investigate the potential effects of CPA on male reproductive system. In the current study, 40 adult male mice were divided into five groups (n = 8). The control group did not expose to CPA, while animals in vehicle‐received group; received the CPA‐solvent (0.05% dimethyl sulfoxide) and the animals of third, fourth, and fifth groups received CPA 0.03, 0.06, and 0.12 mg/kg, body weight, respectively for 28 days. Morphometric and morphological deviations, spermatogenesis indices, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total thiol molecules (TTM) concentration, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonylation rate (CO), and nitric oxide (NO) concentration were examined. The expression changes of apoptotic genes (P53, Bcl‐2, and Caspase III) at mRNA level were also evaluated by qPCR technique. Reduction in the Leydig and Sertoli cells population, diameter of seminiferous tubules, and spermatogenesis parameters was significant only in the group that received the highest dose of CPA. An increase in the level of MDA, NO, and CO in testicular tissue and reduction of TAC and TTM were observed in the CPA‐exposed groups. Significant up‐regulation (p < .05) in the expression of P53 and Caspase III genes and down‐regulation of Bcl‐2 gene were found in the CPA‐received groups. These results are indicating the detrimental effects of CPA on the testicles, which may attribute to the CPA‐induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Moreover, results also help to understand a serious concern about the presence of CPA in foods as a potential risk factor in male‐related infertility.
Immobilisation with intramuscular ketamine as part of the anaesthetic protocol in three companion horses
Authors: Bautista Díaz‐Delgado Oscar , Bennell Alison 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe objective of this case series is to describe the successful use of ketamine intramuscularly for immobilisation as part of the anaesthetic protocol in two out of three companion horses. All patients were presented in situations where case management was challenging and dangerous to personnel involved. One case presented behavioural issues and the second case presented with severe colitis. Both horses were anaesthetised to be safely euthanised on humane grounds. The third case required extrication during a transport incident and had to be anaesthetised to ensure the safety of the horse and personnel involved. This case series discusses the reasons to choose intramuscular chemical immobilisation, drug delivery methods, and drug combinations. Moreover, factors that should be taken into account when planning intramuscular chemical immobilisation in horses are presented.
Escherichia coli‐associated granulomatous colitis in a cat
Authors: Safian Alexander M. , Bolton Timothy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA six‐year‐old male castrated domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for a six‐month history of haematochezia, mucoid diarrhoea, tenesmus and rectal prolapse. Colonic histopathology revealed multifocal mucosal ulceration and lamina propria infiltration with large numbers of periodic acid‐Schiff‐positive macrophages. Large clusters of intracellular Escherichia coli were confirmed with fluorescence in situ hybridization testing, similar to that seen in dogs with granulomatous colitis. An eight‐week course of marbofloxacin resulted in resolution of clinical signs; however, recurrence occurred four weeks later. A 12‐week course of marbofloxacin resulted in disease remission for which the cat still remains free of clinical signs (15 months). Escherichia coli‐associated granulomatous colitis, although reported with rarity in this species, is an important infectious cause of chronic large intestinal disease in the cat.
Respiratory failure in a French Bulldog with suspected acute polyradiculoneuropathy
Authors: Lloyd Ffion , Nadal Veronica Gonzalo , Stalin Catherine , Murison Pamela 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA three‐year‐old male neutered French Bulldog presented with acute respiratory failure following a period of progressive non‐ambulatory tetraparesis and generalised reduced muscle tone and spinal reflexes. Acute idiopathic polyradiculoneuropathy was suspected. Deep sedation and mechanical ventilation were required for a 40‐hour period, after which the dog was successfully weaned off mechanical ventilation. Two earlier attempts to wean were unsuccessful due to ongoing intercostal muscular paresis and, hence, hypercapnia. Non‐ambulatory tetraparesis remained with progressively improving muscular tone and mobility up to discharge from hospital 10 days following admission. Clinical management of the respiratory failure is described in detail and is the focus of this report.
Influence of renal insufficiency on anticoagulant effects and safety of warfarin in Chinese patients: analysis from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ning Xiaoyi , Kuang Yun , Yang Guoping , Xie Jinlian , Miao Da , Guo Chengxian , Huang Zhijun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the influence of renal insufficiency on the anticoagulant effects and safety of warfarin in Chinese patients. Data on the creatinine levels of participants enrolled in a randomized controlled study were screened and divided into the non-renal insufficiency group, mild renal insufficiency group, and moderate renal insufficiency group, according to the creatinine clearance rate. The primary outcome measures were stable dose and average daily dose of warfarin. Secondary outcome measures were percentage of time in the therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) (%TTR), and the first time to reach the therapeutic INR. Adverse events included bleeding events, thromboembolic events, and mortality. All participants with renal function test results and a baseline INR of less than 1.5 were included in the primary and secondary outcome analysis. The SPSS Statistics 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis. The randomized controlled trial was registered in Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02211326). A total of 571 patients were included in this analysis. Multiple regression analysis showed that the renal function was correlated with stable dose, average daily dose, and the first time to reach therapeutic INR after adjusting for confounding factors. However, no correlation was noted between kidney function and %TTR. No significant differences were observed across the various safety parameters among the three groups. Renal function is an important consideration in patients using warfarin.
Comparison of the efficiency, safety, and survival outcomes in two stem cell mobilization regimens with cyclophosphamide plus G-CSF or G-CSF alone in multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Liwen , Xiang Hongxian , Yan Yuhan , Deng Zuqun , Li Hui , Li Xin , Liu Jing 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAutologous stem cell transplantation as a frontline treatment for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) requires an adequate peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) collection before processing. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) with or without cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a common regimen for PBSC mobilization; their benefits and risks are controversial. To compare the efficiency, safety, and survival outcomes between the two regimens, we conducted a meta-analysis including 18 studies with 4 prospective and 14 retrospective studies; a total of 2770 patients with MM were analyzed. The CTX plus G-CSF regimen had higher yields of total CD34+cells (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI (0.30, 0.49)), and higher mobilization rates of the target ⩾ 2 × 106/kg (OR = 3.34, 95% CI (1.82, 6.11)) and 4 × 106/kg (OR = 2.16, 95% CI (1.69, 2.76)) cells. A favorable event-free survival (EFS) (HR = 0.73, 95% CI (0.58, 0.93),p = 0.01) and better 3-year EFS rate (OR = 1.65, 95% CI (1.1, 2.47),p = 0.02) were also reached in the patients with CTX plus G-CSF mobilization, although the risks of admission (OR = 26.49, 95% CI (7.31, 95.97)) and fever (OR = 13.66, 95% CI (6.21, 30.03)) during mobilization were increased, the treatment-related mortality was consistent (p = 0.26). The CTX plus G-CSF regimen was superior to the G-CSF-alone regimen for PBSC mobilization in patients with MM.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of urban climate during the wet-dry season transition in a tropical African city
Authors: Kabano Peter , Harris Angela , Lindley Sarah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Urban Heat Island effect has been the focus of several studies concerned with the effects of urbanisation on human and ecosystem health. Humidity, however, remains much less studied, although it is useful for characterising human thermal comfort, the Urban Dryness Island effect and vegetation development. Furthermore, variability in microscale climate due to differences in land cover is increasingly crucial for understanding urbanisation effects on the health and wellbeing of living organisms. We used regression analysis to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of temperature, humidity and heat index in the tropical African city of Kampala, Uganda. We gathered data during the wet to dry season transition from 22 locations that represent the wide range of urban morphological differences in Kampala. Our analysis showed that the advancement of the dry season increased variability of climate in Kampala and that the most built-up locations experienced the most profound seasonal changes in climate. This work stresses the need to account for water availability and humidity to improve our understanding of human and ecosystem health in cities.
Coping during COVID-19: a mixed methods study of older cancer survivors
Authors: Galica Jacqueline , Liu Ziwei , Kain Danielle , Merchant Shaila , Booth Christopher , Koven Rachel , Brundage Michael , Haase Kristen R. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Older cancer survivors are among the most vulnerable to the negative effects of COVID-19 and may need specific survivorship supports that are unavailable/restricted during the pandemic. The objective of this study was to explore how older adults (≥ 60 years) who were recently (≤ 12 months) discharged from the care of their cancer team were coping during the pandemic.

Methods
We used a convergent mixed method design (QUAL+quan). Quantitative data were collected using the Brief-COPE questionnaire. Qualitative data were collected using telephone interviews to explore experiences and strategies for coping with cancer-related concerns.

Results
The mean sample age (n = 30) was 72.1 years (SD 5.8, range 63–83) of whom 57% identified as female. Participants’ Brief-COPE responses indicated that they commonly used acceptance (n = 29, 96.7%), self-distraction (n = 28, 93.3%), and taking action (n = 28, 93.3%) coping strategies. Through our descriptive thematic analysis, we identified three themes: (1) drawing on lived experiences, (2) redeploying coping strategies, and (3) complications of cancer survivorship in a pandemic. Participants’ coping strategies were rooted in experiences with cancer, other illnesses, life, and work. Using these strategies during the pandemic was not new—they were redeployed and repurposed—although using them during the pandemic was sometimes complicated. These data were converged to maximize interpretation of the findings.

Conclusions
Study findings may inform the development or enhancement of cancer and non-cancer resources to support coping, particularly using remote delivery methods within and beyond the pandemic. Clinicians can engage a strengths-based approach to support older cancer survivors as they draw from their experiences, which contain a repository of potential coping skills.
Recent genetic advances on boar taint reduction as an alternative to castration: a review
Authors: Duarte Darlene Ana Souza , Schroyen Martine , Mota Rodrigo Reis , Vanderick Sylvie , Gengler Nicolas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBoar taint is an unpleasant odor in male pig meat, mainly caused by androstenone, skatole, and indole, which are deposited in the fat tissue. Piglet castration is the most common practice to prevent boar taint. However, castration is likely to be banished in a few years due to animal welfare concerns. Alternatives to castration, such as genetic selection, have been assessed. Androstenone and skatole have moderate to high heritability, which makes it feasible to select against these compounds. This review presents the latest results obtained on genetic selection against boar taint, on correlation with other traits, on differences in breeds, and on candidate genes related to boar taint. QTLs for androstenone and skatole have been reported mainly on chromosomes 6, 7, and 14. These chromosomes were reported to contain genes responsible for synthesis and degradation of androstenone and skatole. A myriad of work has been done to find markers or genes that can be used to select animals with lower boar taint. The selection against boar taint could decrease performance of some reproduction traits. However, a favorable response on production traits has been observed by selecting against boar taint. Selection results have shown that it is possible to reduce boar taint in few generations. In addition, modifications in diet and environment conditions could be associated with genetic selection to reduce boar taint. Nevertheless, costs to measure and select against boar taint should be rewarded with incentives from the market; otherwise, it would be difficult to implement genetic selection.
Interfacial bond strength and moisture induced damage characteristics of asphalt mastic-aggregate system composed of Nano hydrated lime filler
Authors: Das Aditya Kumar , Singh Dharamveer 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to investigate the impact of a unique combination of fillers on interfacial bond strength and moisture-induced damage potential of asphalt mastic. One asphalt binder (AC-30), three fillers including Basalt (B), Hydrated Lime (HL), and Nano-Hydrated lime (NHL) were selected to prepare asphalt mastics for a wide range of filler-binder (f/b) ratio (0.6 to 1.2). The dosages of HL and NHL were considered 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of asphalt binder, and the dosage of B filler was adjusted to meet the respective f/b ratio. The interfacial bond strength and moisture-induced damage potential of asphalt mastic specimens were determined using the Bitumen Bond Strength (BBS) test. The BBS test parameters inferred that both B-HL and B-NHL filler combinations can enhance the bond strength and moisture damage resistance of asphalt mastic. Besides, asphalt mastic composed of B-NHL filler can be less susceptible to bond failure and moisture damage with improved adhesion and cohesion properties than B-HL filler. Additionally, asphalt mastic composed of a lower percentage (10%–15%) of NHL filler showed better bond strength and moisture damage resistance over mastic composed of a higher percentage (15%–20%) of HL filler. Asphalt mastic prepared with an f/b ratio less than 1.0 was found to be suitable to achieve better performance considering the moisture-induced damage properties. Grey relational analysis (GRA) method was used to analyze the correlation degree between filler properties and moisture damage properties of asphalt mastics. Based on the GRA results, Rigden voids and specific surface area are suggested to be the two most influential properties on the moisture-induced damage potential of asphalt mastic.
The Status under EU Law of Organisms Developed through Novel Genomic Techniques
Authors: VAN DER MEER Piet , ANGENON Geert , BERGMANS Hans , BUHK Hans Jörg , CALLEBAUT Sam , CHAMON Merijn , ERIKSSON Dennis , GHEYSEN Godelieve , HARWOOD Wendy , HUNDLEBY Penny , KEARNS Peter , MCLOUGHLIN Thomas , ZIMNY Tomasz 
Published: January 2021

In a ruling on 25 July 2018, the Court of Justice of the European Union concluded that organisms obtained by means of techniques/methods of mutagenesis constitute GMOs in the sense of Directive 2001/18, and that organisms obtained by means of techniques/methods of directed mutagenesis are not excluded from the scope of the Directive. Following the ruling, there has been much debate about the possible wider implications of the ruling. In October 2019, the Council of the European Union requested the European Commission to submit, in light of the CJEU ruling, a study regarding the status of novel genomic techniques under Union Law. For the purpose of the study, the Commission initiated stakeholder consultations early in 2020. Those consultations focused on the technical status of novel genomic techniques.This article aims to contribute to the discussion on the legal status of organisms developed through novel genomic techniques, by offering some historical background to the negotiations on the European Union (EU) GMO Directives as well as a technical context to some of the terms in the Directive, and by analysing the ruling. The article advances that (i) the conclusion that organisms obtained by means of techniques/methods of mutagenesis constitute GMOs under the Directive means that the resulting organisms must comply with the GMO definition, ie the genetic material of the resulting organisms has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination; (ii) the conclusion that organisms obtained by means of techniques/methods of directed mutagenesis were not intended to be excluded from the scope of the Directive is not inconsistent with the negotiation history of the Directive; (iii) whether an organism falls under the description of “obtained by means of techniques/methods of directed mutagenesis” depends on whether the genetic material of the resulting organisms has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination. Finally, the article offers an analysis of the EU GMO definition, concluding that for an organism to be a GMO in the sense of the Directive, the technique used, as well as the genetic alterations of the resulting organism, must be considered.
Simplifying the Measurement of College Students’ Career Planning: the Development of Career Student Planning Scale during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gray Magnus A. , Kim Minsung , Lee Seungyeon 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We created a new, 8-item scale called “Career Student Planning Scale (CSPS)” for a valid and reliable measure regarding college students’ career planning during a traumatic event, such as a pandemic. CSPS is conceptually similar to the career decision-making difficulty questionnaire (CDDQ) and the career decision self-efficacy (CDSE) scale. CSPS leans towards questions about college students’ perceptions about career planning, rather than intuitions about career decision-making; it also inquires about how participants conceptualize about their career plans to be correct, rather than the more extreme idea about how their intuitions are correct: we developed this scale to capture the latter construct. We included the coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS), CDDQ, the general procrastination scale (GPS), and the CDSE short form (CDSE-SF) as covariates to ensure that CSPS has distinct effects on their career paths. Our findings indicate the CSPS has acceptable psychometric properties and demonstrates a valuable input to those measures.
The EPICC Quest for Prescription Contraceptive Insurance Coverage
Authors: Vargas Christine 
Published: January 2021

On the October 18, 2001 episode of The Late, Late Show with Craig Kilborn, the show's host announced that a woman in Georgia had sued her employer, WalMart, for not covering her contraceptives under its health insurance plan. He then cracked, “Hey, isn't working at WalMart all the birth control you need?” Kilborn's crude joke met with howls of laughter from the audience, but it likely struck a raw nerve with the millions of American women who do not have access to health insurance plans that cover birth control, and the many men and women who are battling to ensure that all women ultimately obtain such coverage.WalMart is one of hundreds of employers in the United States that do not cover any of the five most common forms of birth control that were created exclusively for women. In fact, half of the large health insurance plans in America do not cover any form of contraception. Some of these plans do, however, cover Viagra, a drug used to treat male impotence.
Unterschiede in den Verträgen zur häuslichen Krankenpflege in Deutschland und ihre Konsequenzen
Authors: Büscher Andreas , Zeiser Silvana , Gruber Eva Maria 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Die häusliche Krankenpflege gewinnt in Deutschland seit einigen Jahren zunehmend an Bedeutung. Bestehende Probleme erfahren bislang jedoch wenig Aufmerksamkeit, insbesondere die vertraglichen Grundlagen zur Leistungserbringung. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, bestehende Verträge zur Leistungserbringung in der häuslichen Krankenpflege nach § 132a Abs. 4 SGB V auf Gemeinsamkeiten, Unterschiede und mögliche resultierende Versorgungsungleichheiten zu analysieren.
Methodik Über unterschiedliche Quellen wurden 27 Verträge aus 11 Bundesländern zur Erbringung häuslicher Krankenpflege identifiziert und inhaltsanalytisch anhand der wesentlichen Regelungsbereiche analysiert.
Ergebnisse Die Analyse ergab einige Gemeinsamkeiten der Verträge, insbesondere zu Fragen der Qualitätssicherung. Ebenso konnten jedoch erhebliche Unterschiede festgestellt werden, die am deutlichsten hinsichtlich der Qualifikationsvoraussetzungen ausgefallen sind.
Schlussfolgerung Zwischen den Verträgen bestehen zum Teil sehr gegensätzliche Festlegungen, die sich einer inhaltlich begründeten Logik entziehen und nicht zu erklärende Ungleichheiten in der Versorgung der Empfänger häuslicher Krankenpflege erzeugen. Eine Verständigung über zentrale Fragen der häuslichen Krankenpflege ist ebenso angezeigt wie deren grundsätzliche Weiterentwicklung.
6q13q14.3 Microdeletion Syndrome with Severe Hypotonia and Facial Dysmorphism: Genotype–Phenotype Correlation
Authors: Goyal Manisha , Faruq Mohammed , Gupta Ashok , Shrivastava Divya , Shamim Uzma 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHypotonia is a symptom of diminished tone of skeletal muscle and can be nongenetic or a part of genetic syndrome. Hypotonia, developmental delay, and facial dysmorphism are nonspecific findings observed in many genetic syndromes mostly in chromosomal microdeletion and duplication. Here we report a case with severe hypotonia and facial dysmorphism, diagnosed with deletion at 6q13q14.3 by array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) at very early age. Recent genetic diagnostic technologies such as array CGH may enable clinicians to diagnose chromosomal abnormalities earlier and provide appropriate medical management
How well do learners know derived words in a second language?
Authors: Laufer Batia , Webb Stuart , Kim Su Kyung , Yohanan Beverley 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study investigates derivational knowledge of second language (L2) learners as a function of four variables: learner
proficiency, word family frequency, derived word frequency, and affix type as suggested by two affix difficulty hierarchies. Seventy-nine
EFL learners at two proficiency levels received two tests, the VST – Vocabulary Size Test (Nation &
Beglar, 2007) and a custom-made ‘Derivatives Test’, which included derived forms of VST base words. We performed the following
within-participant comparisons: knowledge of base words and knowledge of their derived forms, knowledge of derived forms from high-, medium, and low-frequency word families and knowledge of derivatives at different affix difficulty levels. Knowledge of basewords and their derivatives was
statistically equivalent for advanced learners. However, a difference was found between the categories for less advanced learners. The
findings also revealed learner proficiency and base word frequency effects, partial support for the two affix difficulty hierarchies, and no
support for the effect of derivative frequency.