bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐site evaluation of a new workflow for the detection of malignant cells on the Sysmex XN‐1000 body fluid analyzer
Authors: Favresse Julien , Boland Lidvine , Schellen Marie , Fervaille Caroline , Wuestenberghs Fabien , Camboni Alessandra , Chatelain Bernard , Mullier François , Defour Jean‐Philippe , Jacqmin Hugues 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe presence of high fluorescent cells (HF‐BF) on the Sysmex XN‐1000 hematology analyzers has gained interest regarding the prediction of malignant cells in body fluids, but lacks sensitivity. We aimed to increase this sensitivity by combining HF‐BF value, automated results, and clinical information.MethodsWe evaluated a new workflow for the management of body fluids in the hematology laboratory, including the HF‐BF criterion and clinical information. In two laboratories, 1623 serous fluids were retrospectively analyzed on the XN‐1000 BF mode. All samples were morphologically screened for malignant cells. Optimal HF‐BF cutoffs were determined to predict their presence. Thereafter, the added value of clinical information was evaluated. Other reflex testing rules (eosinophilic count >5% and presence of the WBC Abnormal Scattergram flag) were also used to refine our workflow.ResultsOptimal HF‐BF cutoffs in the two hematology centers were 108 and 45 cells/µL, yielding a sensitivity/specificity of 66.7/93.6% and 86.8/66.6% for malignant cell detection. When adding clinical information, sensitivity/specificity evolved to 100.0/68.9% and 100.0%/not determined. Of 104 samples containing malignant cells, 97 had positive clinical information; the remainder had a HF‐BF > cutoff.ConclusionCombining clinical information and HF‐BF reached 100% sensitivity for malignant cell detection in body fluid analysis. Lack of robustness of the optimal HF‐BF cutoff deserves the use of local cutoffs. Rapid automated results reporting from the XN‐1000 BF mode are also feasible in clinical practice. Prospective evaluation of the workflow is needed before its implementation in clinical practice.
Pediatric congenital hydronephrosis (ureteropelvic junction obstruction): Medical management guide
Authors: Kohno Miyuki , Ogawa Tetsushi , Kojima Yoshiyuki , Sakoda Akiko , Johnin Kazuyoshi , Sugita Yoshifumi , Nakane Akihiro , Noguchi Mitsuru , Moriya Kimihiko , Hattori Motoshi , Hayashi Yutaro , Kubota Masayuki 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe prevalence of asymptomatic hydronephrosis, now detected by ultrasonography, has increased. However, definitive management guidelines for the management of congenital hydronephrosis have not been established. The Japanese Society of Pediatric Urology created a “medical management guide” based on new findings for physicians practicing pediatric urology. We developed a medical management guide focused on congenital hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction obstruction. This medical management guide consists of the definition, pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, classification, treatment using a clinical management algorithm of hydronephrosis and the long‐term course of the disease. The aim of hydronephrosis management is to determine whether surgery should be carried out to avoid renal dysfunction, as there is a possibility for improvement without intervention. Ultrasonography is essential to make treatment decisions. Management is determined by a comprehensive assessment, including the degree of hydronephrosis, anterior–posterior diameter of the renal pelvis and, if necessary, a nuclear medicine evaluation of the status of urine drainage and renal function.
Metabolic determinants of lupus pathogenesis
Authors: Teng Xiangyu , Brown Josephine , Choi Seung‐Chul , Li Wei , Morel Laurence 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe metabolism of healthy murine and more recently human immune cells has been investigated with an increasing amount of details. These studies have revealed the challenges presented by immune cells to respond rapidly to a wide variety of triggers by adjusting the amount, type, and utilization of the nutrients they import. A concept has emerged that cellular metabolic programs regulate the size of the immune response and the plasticity of its effector functions. This has generated a lot of enthusiasm with the prediction that cellular metabolism could be manipulated to either enhance or limit an immune response. In support of this hypothesis, studies in animal models as well as human subjects have shown that the dysregulation of the immune system in autoimmune diseases is associated with a skewing of the immunometabolic programs. These studies have been mostly conducted on autoimmune CD4+ T cells, with the metabolism of other immune cells in autoimmune settings still being understudied. Here we discuss systemic metabolism as well as cellular immunometabolism as novel tools to decipher fundamental mechanisms of autoimmunity. We review the contribution of each major metabolic pathway to autoimmune diseases, with a focus on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with the relevant translational opportunities, existing or predicted from results obtained with healthy immune cells. Finally, we review how targeting metabolic programs may present novel therapeutic venues.
Human respiratory syncytial virus and influenza seasonality patterns—Early findings from the WHO global respiratory syncytial virus surveillance
Authors: Chadha Mandeep , Hirve Siddhivinayak , Bancej Christina , Barr Ian , Baumeister Elsa , Caetano Braulia , Chittaganpitch Malinee , Darmaa Badarch , Ellis Joanna , Fasce Rodrigo , Kadjo Herve , Jackson Sandra , Leung Vivian , Pisareva Maria , Moyes Jocelyn , Naguib Amel , Tivane Almiro , Zhang Wenqing ,   the WHO RSV Surveillance Group
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHuman respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes illnesses among all age groups and presents a burden to healthcare services. To better understand the epidemiology and seasonality of RSV in different geographical areas, the World Health Organization (WHO) coordinated a pilot initiative to access the feasibility of establishing RSV surveillance using the existing Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) platform.ObjectivesTo describe and compare RSV and influenza seasonality in countries in the northern andsouthern temperate, and tropics during the period January 2017 to April 2019.MethodsFourteen countries in six WHO regions participating in the GISRS were invited for the pilot. Hospitalized patients presenting with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI), SARI without fever and outpatients presenting with acute respiratory illness (ARI) were enrolled from January 2017 to April 2019. The expected minimum sample size was 20 samples per week, year‐round, per country. Real‐time RT‐PCR was used to detect RSV and influenza viruses. Results were uploaded to the WHO FluMart platform.ResultsAnnual seasonality of RSV was observed in all countries, which overlapped to a large extent with the influenza activity. In countries, in temperate regions RSV peaked in the autumn/winter months. In Egypt, a subtropical country, RSV activity peaked in the cooler season. In the tropical regions, RSV peaked during the rainy seasons.ConclusionEarly findings from the WHO RSV surveillance pilot based on the GISRS suggest annual seasonal patterns for of RSV circulation that overlap with influenza. RSV surveillance needs to be continued for several more seasons to establish seasonality patterns to inform prevention and control strategies.
Electric field control of nonvolatile two‐state magnetoelectric coefficient at room temperature in a hexaferrite
Authors: Zhai Kun , Lu Peipei , Chang Yanfen , Nie Anmin , Yu Zhipeng , Sun Young 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCross coupling between magnetization and polarization in multiferroic materials provides a new controlling dimension for creating novel electric devices, particularly the electrical writing magnetic reading of low‐power consumption nonvolatile random access memory. Despite its importance, rare single‐phase materials that exhibit significant magnetoelectric phenomena at room temperature exist. We herein report that a spin‐driven multiferroic hexaferrite Ba1.1Sr0.9Co2Fe11AlO22 exhibits a prominent direct and converse magnetoelectric effect at room temperature. The electric field can manipulate magnetization as large as 0.1 µB/f.u. in the range of ±1 MV/m without any external magnetic field. Moreover, a feasible nonvolatile memory based on polycrystalline Ba1.1Sr0.9Co2Fe11AlO22 is realized by recording the states of magnetoelectric coefficients, which is promising for further application in magnetoelectric electronics.
Risk factors for the development of a second melanoma in patients with cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Pastor‐Tomás N. , Martínez‐Franco A. , Bañuls J. , Peñalver J.C. , Traves V. , García‐Casado Z. , Requena C. , Kumar R. , Nagore E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous melanoma patients have an increased risk of developing other neoplasms, especially cutaneous neoplasms and other melanomas. Identifying factors associated with an increased risk might be useful in the development of melanoma guidelines.ObjectivesTo identify risk factors related to the development of a second primary melanoma in a series of patients diagnosed with sporadic melanoma and to establish the estimated incidence rate.MethodsA longitudinal study based on prospective follow‐up information of patients diagnosed with sporadic cutaneous melanoma at our centre from 2000 to 2015 was performed. Cumulative incidence was estimated based on competing risk models, and the association of characteristics with the risk of a second melanoma was performed by Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsOut of 1447 patients included in the study, after a median follow‐up of 61 months, 55 patients (3.8%) developed a second melanoma. Fair hair colour, more than 100 common melanocytic nevi and the presence of more than 50 cherry angiomas were independently associated with the development of a second melanoma. The site and the histological subtype of the first and second melanomas were not consistent. The second melanomas were thinner than the first ones.ConclusionsFair‐haired and multiple‐nevi patients might benefit from more intensive prevention measures. The finding of cherry angiomas as a risk factor suggests that these lesions could be markers of skin sun damage in the setting of certain degree of genetic susceptibility.
Molecular cloning and expression analysis of myd88 from oriental weatherfish (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) in response to bacterial challenge
Authors: Chen Jian H. , Li Xue , Wang Meng J. , Wang Chun M. , Peng Yan Q. , Wang Hai H. , Zhu Ming 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMyeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) plays an important role in both innate and adaptive immune response. In this study, the full‐length complementary DNA (cDNA) of myd88 from Misgurnus anguillicaudatus was characterized. The myd88 cDNA is 1333 bp in length and contains an 855 bp open reading frame encoding a predicted protein of 284 amino acids. The predicted protein possesses typical Myd88 domain structural features including a death domain in the N‐terminus, and box 1, 2, and 3 motifs of the Toll/IL‐1 receptor domain in the C‐terminus. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) revealed that myd88 messenger RNA (mRNA) was ubiquitously expressed in all examined tissues, especially highly in brain, kidney, blood, intestines and liver. qRT‐PCR and western blotting were used to determine the mRNA and protein levels of Myd88 after Aeromonas veronii challenge, respectively. The Myd88 was remarkably upregulated in response to infection of A. veronii. These results suggested that Myd88 may play a vital role during the immune response of M. anguillicaudatus against bacterial infection.
Assessing flash flood hazard and damages in the southeast United States
Authors: Alipour Atieh , Ahmadalipour Ali , Moradkhani Hamid 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFlash floods are common natural hazards in the southeast United States (SEUS) as a consequence of frequent torrential rainfall caused by tropical storms, thunderstorms, and hurricanes. Understanding flash flood characteristics is essential for mitigating the associated risks and implementing proactive risk management strategies. In this study, flash flood characteristics including frequency, duration, and intensity are assessed in addition to their associated property damages. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Storm Events database as well as hourly precipitation data of the North American Land Data Assimilation System project phase‐2 (NLDAS‐2) are utilised, and more than 14,000 flash flood events during 1996–2017 are analysed. Flash flood hazard is investigated at county, state, and regional levels across the SEUS. Results indicate increasing pattern for the frequency and intensity of flash flooding over the SEUS. The frequency of flash flooding is found to be higher in spring and summer, whereas the duration and intensity of events are higher during winter and fall, respectively. The western parts of the SEUS are prone to more frequent and intense flash flooding compared to the eastern parts. Overall, our analyses suggest that flash flood hazard in Louisiana is higher than other states in the SEUS.
Family Structure and Early Life Mortality in the United States
Authors: Rogers Richard G. , Hummer Robert A. , Tilstra Andrea M. , Lawrence Elizabeth M. , Mollborn Stefanie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates the association between family structure and early life mortality (1–24 years of age) in the United States.BackgroundFew studies have examined this association.MethodWe employed the restricted‐use 1999–2015 National Health Interview Survey‐Linked Mortality Files to reveal all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality disparities by family structure, as captured at the time of entry into the study, including married‐parent, single‐parent, and extended family structures.ResultsFamily structure disparities in early life mortality were sizable. Compared to children living in married‐parent families, children living with single fathers experienced 47% higher risk of death, and children living with one or more parents and one or more grandparents experienced 54% higher risk of death during the 17‐year follow‐up period, net of all covariates. Such risks were also high for specific causes of death, particularly external causes. The elevated all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality risks for children and youth living in single‐parent and other nonmarital family structures was attenuated but persisted with controls for socioeconomic status, as well as for poor health and disability among children and other family members.ConclusionFamily structure disparities in U.S. early life mortality are wide and most likely amenable to policy changes. Our results provide an evidence base for mortality disparities related to family structure and suggest further examination of family structure in reducing early life mortality.
Role of TiO2Nanotubes on the Surface of Implants in Osseointegration in Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wang Feifan , Li Chuanjie , Zhang Shuo , Liu Hongchen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurposeThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to synthesize evidence relating to the effects of TiO2nanotubes on osseointegration in animal models.Materials and MethodsThe focused question was “Does the preparation of TiO2nanotubes on the surface of implants enhance osseointegration?” Searches were performed for relevant manuscripts up to September 2019 using the PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Google Scholar databases with terms such as “TiO2nanotubes” in combination with “osseointegration”, “osteogenic”, “osteogenesis”, and “bone regeneration”. The titles, abstracts and full texts of the manuscripts were reviewed in accordance with the eligibility criteria. The meta‐analysis were then performed to analyze the effects of TiO2nanotubes in bone‐implant contact (BIC) and biomechanical tests.ResultsFourteen manuscripts were included for the systematic review and meta‐analysis. Eleven studies showed that the results of a histological analysis, micro‐CT evaluation and biomechanical tests were significantly higher near TiO2than titanium. The meta‐analysis demonstrating similar results in the BIC and biomechanical tests were obtained. The selected studies also showed the preferable nanotube diameter (70, 80, or 100 nm) to enhance osseointegration in BIC and/or bone area (BA).ConclusionTiO2nanotubes, especially those with large diameters, enhanced osseointegration near titanium implants. Compared to bare nanotubes, TiO2nanotube composite coatings resulted in higher osteogenic ability.
Assessing the activity pattern overlap among leopards (Panthera pardus), potential prey and competitors in a complex landscape in Tanzania
Authors: Havmøller R. W. , Jacobsen N. S. , Scharff N. , Rovero F. , Zimmermann F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractStudying activity patterns and temporal overlap among carnivores and their putative prey is difficult because of their secretive and elusive nature. With large carnivores declining worldwide, it is imperative for conservation planning that we understand how large carnivores interact with their prey and competitors. Camera trapping offers a promising avenue to address this issue. We investigated temporal overlap between male and female leopards, their known and putative prey as well as their competitor, the spotted hyenas, in the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania. Data consisted of 4297 independent events from a 30 min interval criterion from 164 camera trap sites we sampled. Leopards were captured by camera traps throughout the day, with male and female leopards showing significantly different activity patterns (P < 0.001) indicating sexual segregation in activity patterns, with male leopards being more nocturnal than female leopards. Leopards had significantly different activity patterns from that of the majority of their prey, with yellow baboons, that displayed peak activity during midday, that had the least overlap. Moreover, both male and female leopards had significantly different activity patterns from that of spotted hyenas (P = <0.001), with female leopards appearing to be inactive during hours with peak hyena activity. We conclude that systematic camera trapping is a useful tool to study activity patterns and temporal niche interactions between sympatric carnivores and, to a lesser extent, their prey.
Migrants and Life Satisfaction: The Role of the Country of Origin and the Country of Residence
Authors: Berggren Niclas , Bergh Andreas , Bjørnskov Christian , Tanaka Shiori 
Published: March 2020

SUMMARYWe investigate how the life satisfaction of migrants is affected by life satisfaction in their background country and in their new country of residence. In particular, we contribute to the literature by differentiating between first‐ and second‐generation immigrants and by differentiating between types of background country. Using data from the European Social Survey on 30,000 immigrants from 200 countries in 32 European countries, we find that for first‐generation immigrants, the effect of the average life satisfaction of the background country is strong for migrants from developed countries, smaller for migrants from developing countries and zero for migrants from post‐communist countries. Moreover, the effect from the country of residence is strong for all groups, indicating that while most of these immigrants retain ties to or are still under the influence of the culture of the old country, they develop important ties to the new country. However, second‐generation immigrants are not influenced by the life‐satisfaction of the background country at all, indicating that they are strongly attuned to life in the country in which they were born.
Coordinating chartist poetry: Past, present, future
Authors: Sanders Mike 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article traces the development of the critical debate surrounding Chartist poetry with a particular focus on work from the last decade. It situates that critical work in relation to four key areas: its relationship to Chartist historiography, the implications of Romanticism as the dominant critical frame for discussions of Chartist poetry, its contribution to the wider field of Victorian Studies, and attempts to identify the esthetic specificity of Chartist writing. The article concludes by suggesting a number of areas for further study including discussions of the particular historical knowledge/evidence provided by Chartist poetry, the antecedents of Chartist poetry in the radical working‐class press of the 1820s and 1830s, its relationship to canonical Victorian poetry, and the elaboration of an appropriate set of esthetic criteria for Chartist poetry.
Hedging nontradable risks with transaction costs and price impact
Authors: Cartea Álvaro , Donnelly Ryan , Jaimungal Sebastian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA risk‐averse agent hedges her exposure to a nontradable risk factor U using a correlated traded asset S and accounts for the impact of her trades on both factors. The effect of the agent's trades on U is referred to as cross‐impact. By solving the agent's stochastic control problem, we obtain a closed‐form expression for the optimal strategy when the agent holds a linear position in U. When the exposure to the nontradable risk factor is nonlinear, we provide an approximation to the optimal strategy in closed‐form, and prove that the value function is correctly approximated by this strategy when cross‐impact and risk‐aversion are small. We further prove that when is nonlinear, the approximate optimal strategy can be written in terms of the optimal strategy for a linear exposure with the size of the position changing dynamically according to the exposure's “Delta” under a particular probability measure.
Poor Outcomes of Children and Adolescents with Femoral Neck Fractures: A Meta‐Analysis Based on Clinical Studies
Authors: Chen Yingpu , Zhang Xiaojun , Guo Hao , Liu Na , Ren Jing , Lu Chao 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveTo comprehensively assess the differences in outcome between open reduction and closed reduction for children and adolescents with femoral neck fractures.MethodsBased on the predetermined strategies, eligible studies were obtained by searching Embase, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases (retrieval time: June 2018) and through manual retrieval for paper documents. The 95% confidence intervals (CI) and risk ratios (RR) were used as evaluation indexes. Moreover, the results of avascular necrosis, coxa vara, or non‐union were compared between open reduction and closed reduction under random or fixed effects models. After sensitivity analysis was carried out, publication bias was evaluated for the eligible studies using Egger's test.ResultsSix studies were included in our meta‐analysis. No significant heterogeneity was found among the included studies (P ≥ 0.05) and, thus, the fixed effects model was used for merging the effect sizes of avascular necrosis (RR [95% CI] = 0.50 [0.26, 0.98], P = 0.04), coxa vara (RR [95% CI] = 0.16 [0.04, 0.70], P = 0.01), and non‐union (RR [95% CI] = 0.22 [0.05, 0.93], P = 0.04). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the results of avascular necrosis were not stable (RR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.25 1.17, P = 0.12), while those of coxa vara and non‐union were stable. There was no significant publication bias among the eligible studies (t = −0.70, P = 0.522).ConclusionFemoral neck fractures treated by open reduction had less adverse outcomes compared with those treated by closed reduction.