bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sound Generator: Analysis of the Effectiveness of Noise in the Habituation of Tinnitus
Authors: Mondelli Maria Fernanda Capoani Garcia , Cabreira Aline Faure , Matos Izabella Lima de , Ferreira Maria Carolina , Rocha Andressa Vital 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Tinnitus is a disorder that affects 10 to 15% of de world's population. Sound therapy performed through hearing aids (HAs) with integrated sound generator (SG) is one of the forms of tinnitus treatment.
Objective To analyze the effectiveness of four masking noises in relieving tinnitus in individuals with mild and moderate bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and their influence in speech perception.
Methods The participants were 35 individuals with tinnitus and mild and moderate bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, divided into four groups. All groups underwent HA and SG adaptation, being regulated in the combined mode (HA and SG). In group 1 (G1), the white noise stimulus was applied, in group 2 (G2), pink noise was applied, in group 3 (G3), speech noise, and in group 4 (G4), the high tone was applied. All patients were subjected to the following procedures: audiological diagnosis, acuphenometry, tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), visual analogue scale (VAS), and hearing in noise test (HINT). The procedures were performed prior to and after hearing intervention, and after 3 months of use of HA and SG.
Results All groups presented a statistically significant difference for the THI, VAS, and HINT pre and postintervention. In the case of the HINT, only pink noise presented a significant difference. However, in the comparation among groups there was no significant difference.
Conclusion The present study made it possible to conclude that the four noises were equally effective in relieving tinnitus, with no statistically significant differences between the analyzed groups.
Small Bowel Angiodysplasia Managed with Novel Motorized Spiral Enteroscope: A Case Report
Authors: Kothakota Sunil Raviraj , Sasidharan Madhu , Kareem Harish , Nair Ajith K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe report a case of 72-year-old woman, who presented with complaints of melena associated with shortness of breath on exertion for more than 2 weeks. On evaluation, she was diagnosed to have severe anemia with evidence of occult blood in stool. After initial management, further workup was done to find out the source of bleeding. Upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy were normal. Computerized tomography enteroclysis showed no significant abnormality. Later small bowel enteroscopy was performed with the help of Novel Motorized Spiral Enteroscope in antegrade approach and scope passed through oral cavity up to cecum. Multiple angiodysplasia lesions seen in ileum. All the lesions were managed with argon plasma coagulation (APC). Postprocedure, patient improved well and hemoglobin also remained stable. Small bowel diseases always remain a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, despite the introduction of various modalities for deep enteroscopy. Spiral enteroscopy is a recent advance which uses an overtube with a raised spiral at the distal end to pleat the small intestine. It consumes less time and suits for both diagnostic and therapeutic needs of small bowel diseases.
Common Bile Duct Polyp—Rare But Not So Rare Cause Of Obstructive Jaundice
Authors: Kabrawala Mayank , Desai Pankaj , Mehta Rajiv , Nandwani Subhash , Arora Priya , Patel Chintan , Bhatt Keyur , Mangukiya Dhaval , Parekh Krishna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPolyps are usually found in gastrointestinal tract as their primary site of occurrence. In contrast, polyps in common bile duct (CBD) are uncommon. Biliary polyps can manifest as obstructive jaundice, which is the usually a presentation of common bile duct stone or malignant tumor of bile duct and pancreas. In this case series, we present five patients who had clinical manifestations of obstructive jaundice. However, systematic diagnostic approach in these patients revealed presence of polyps in distal CBD. We have focused on diagnostic challenges encountered during the investigation of CBD polyps.
Biodegradable Pancreatic and Biliary Stents—Still Searching For Disappearing Wonder?
Authors: Daniel Philip , Rana Surinder S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBiodegradable stents hold considerable promise in the treatment of benign biliary or pancreatic diseases with the major advantage being avoidance of repeated interventions for stent removal or stent exchange. They have been confirmed to have good biocompatibility and current evidence shows acceptable rates of clinical efficacy and safety. In the current news and views, we discuss an interesting study that has evaluated a new type of biodegradable biliary and pancreatic stent (the Archimedes stent) in benign biliary and pancreatic diseases.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Transgastric Fine Needle Aspiration of Splenic Metastasis
Authors: Balekuduru Avinash Bhat , Kapali Aravind Subramani , Kurella Suneetha Parandhamaiah , Subbaraj Satyaprakash Bonthala 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSplenic metastasis is extremely rare and is part of diffuse carcinomatosis. We present a case of a 60-year-old woman with transitional cell ovarian carcinoma who had hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy in the past. She now presented with solitary splenic metastasis, confirmed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided transgastric fine needle aspiration biopsy.
Improving CAT bond pricing models via machine learning
Authors: Götze Tobias , Gürtler Marc , Witowski Eileen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEnhanced machine learning methods provide an encouraging alternative to forecast asset prices by extending or generalizing the possible model specifications compared to conventional linear regression methods. Even if enhanced methods of machine learning in the literature often lead to better forecasting quality, this is not clear for small asset classes, because in small asset classes enhanced machine learning methods may potentially over-fit the in-sample data. Against this background, we compare the forecasting performance of linear regression models and enhanced machine learning methods in the market for catastrophe (CAT) bonds. We use linear regression with variable selection, penalization methods, random forests and neural networks to forecast CAT bond premia. Among the considered models, random forests exhibit the highest forecasting performance, followed by linear regression models and neural networks.
A combined activation mechanism for the glucagon receptor
Authors: Mattedi Giulio , Acosta-Gutiérrez Silvia , Clark Timothy , Gervasio Francesco Luigi 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Understanding the mechanisms of activation of G-protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) is a major issue in biophysics and pharmacology. This is particularly true for peptide-activated class B receptors, which are more flexible and have been studied less than class A. Here, we combine simulations and free-energy landscape calculations to study the activation mechanism of the glucagon receptor, a prototypical class B GPCR. In contrast to previous conformational selection hypotheses, we find that both interactions with the peptide and the G protein are necessary to induce the transition to the active state. The results of this study not only contribute to a better understanding of GPCR activation mechanisms but will also aid in the future development of drugs targeting the glucagon receptor.
Extreme climate after massive eruption of Alaska’s Okmok volcano in 43 BCE and effects on the late Roman Republic and Ptolemaic Kingdom
Authors: McConnell Joseph R. , Sigl Michael , Plunkett Gill , Burke Andrea , Kim Woon Mi , Raible Christoph C. , Wilson Andrew I. , Manning Joseph G. , Ludlow Francis , Chellman Nathan J. , Innes Helen M. , Yang Zhen , Larsen Jessica F. , Schaefer Janet R. , Kipfstuhl Sepp , Mojtabavi Seyedhamidreza , Wilhelms Frank , Opel Thomas , Meyer Hanno , Steffensen Jørgen Peder 
Published: June 2020

SignificanceThe first century BCE fall of the Roman Republic and Ptolemaic Kingdom and subsequent rise of the Roman Empire were among the most important political transitions in the history of Western civilization. Volcanic fallout in well-dated Arctic ice core records, climate proxies, and Earth system modeling show that this transition occurred during an extreme cold period resulting from a massive eruption of Alaska’s Okmok volcano early in 43 BCE. Written sources describe unusual climate, crop failures, famine, disease, and unrest in the Mediterranean immediately following the eruption—suggesting significant vulnerability to hydroclimatic shocks in otherwise sophisticated and powerful ancient states. Such shocks must be seen as having played a role in the historical developments for which the period is famed.
Defining language dependent post-editing guidelines for specific content
Authors: Mah Seung-Hye 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The rapid development of neural machine translation systems and the emergence of the e-book have broadened the
scope of text types that can be translated by machines. At the early stage of the machine’s infiltration into the translation
field, target texts were mainly technical texts such as patents, instruction manuals, etc. Literary texts have been considered as
the last bastion of human translation because the machine translation (MT) has produced word-for-word translation, unsuitable for
literary texts with distinct stylistic elements. However, it turns out that the field of literary translation was not immune to
the rise of MT. Style is one of the critical elements in literary texts, but it has been dismissed in the existing MT post-editing
guidelines. Therefore, this research attempts to provide methodological ideas about how to come up with a machine translation
post-editing guideline (MTPE) for style improvement especially for language pairs with divergent syntax and semantics like English
and Korean. First, the linguistic and cultural differences in writing styles are sorted out based on previous research. Second,
the different ways in which human translators address writing style are investigated. Third, the strategies that human translators
employ in their translations are applied to machine translation post-editing to demonstrate how the strategies can be incorporated
into English-Korean MTPE to improve style. This preliminary research would lay the groundwork for refining post-editing style
guidelines and for accumulating manually post-edited data for style improvement, which would be conducive to building and
customizing automatic post-editing systems.
The many Spanishes of an Andean-Amazonian crossroads
Authors: Emlen Nicholas Q. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In the Southern Peruvian Amazon, agricultural migrants from the Andes have brought Quechua and Andean Spanish into the traditional Amazonian territory of Matsigenka speakers. This chapter offers an ethnographic and socio-historical view of Andean Spanish on one corner of this Amazonian frontier. The social life of Spanish in this region is illustrated through the lives of three community-mates, whose speech exhibits diverse contact effects reflecting the diversity of their frontier experiences. This case shows how, unlike Spanish in the Andes, which developed in the highlands without a major migratory influx from other regions, Amazonian varieties of Spanish emerged as more or less heterogeneous populations from other places migrated and came together with the speakers of dozens of local indigenous languages.
Experimental realization of dynamic fluence field optimization for proton computed tomography
Authors: Dickmann J , Sarosiek C , Rykalin V , Pankuch M , Rit S , Detrich N , Coutrakon G , Johnson R P , Schulte R W , Parodi K , Landry G , Dedes G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Proton computed tomography (pCT) has high accuracy and dose efficiency in producing spatial maps of the relative stopping power (RSP) required for treatment planning in proton therapy. With fluence-modulated pCT (FMpCT), prescribed noise distributions can be achieved, which allows to decrease imaging dose by employing object-specific dynamically modulated fluence during the acquisition.
For FMpCT acquisitions we divide the image into region-of-interest (ROI) and non-ROI volumes. In proton therapy, the ROI volume would encompass all treatment beams. An optimization algorithm then calculates dynamically modulated fluence that achieves low prescribed noise inside the ROI and high prescribed noise elsewhere. It also produces a planned noise distribution, which is the expected noise map for that fluence, as calculated with a Monte Carlo simulation. The optimized fluence can be achieved by acquiring pCT images with grids of intensity modulated pencil beams. In this work, we interfaced the control system of a clinical proton beam line to deliver the optimized fluence. Using three phantoms we acquired images with uniform fluence, with a constant noise prescription, and with an FMpCT task. Image noise distributions as well as fluence maps were compared to the corresponding planned distributions as well as to the prescription. Furthermore, we propose a correction method that removes image artifacts stemming from the acquisition with pencil beams having a spatially varying energy distribution that is not seen in clinical operation. RSP accuracy of FMpCT scans was compared to uniform scans and was found to be comparable to standard pCT scans.
While we identified technical improvements for future experimental acquisitions, in particular related to an unexpected pencil beam size reduction and a misalignment of the fluence pattern, agreement with the planned noise was satisfactory and we conclude that FMpCT optimized for specific image noise prescriptions is experimentally feasible.
Measurement of eye lens doses estimation in interventional radiology
Authors: Arifin Z , Setiawati E , Putri A A , Hidayanto E , Heriyani  , Reskianto A D , Rusmanto  
Published: June 2020

Abstract
International Commission of Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication number 118 at 2012 recommends decreasing the Dose Limit Value of eye lens for workers from 150 mSv to 20 mSv in 1 year, and to not exceed 50 mSv in a certain year. This experiments is aimed to evaluate the value of eye lens radiation dose based on the effect of angles on the monitor in interventional radiology by using a head phantom as a simulation of the workers’ position with a height of 150 cm, 160 cm and installed thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) chips Hp (10) at 66 - 67 kV and 385 - 395 mA. The radiation lens dose value during 1 minute fluoroscopy irradiation results a mean of radiation dose value that ranges between 0,54 – 0,79 mSv and 0.52 - 0.70 mSv, during 4 minutes fluoroscopy irradiation ranges between 0,48 – 0,72 mSv and 0.55 - 0.75 mSv, and during 10 seconds cinefluorography ranges between 0.52 – 0,75 mSv and 0.48 - 0.66 mSv. The relationship between the linearity of fluoroscopy irradiation time and dose area product (DAP) obtained an equation of y = 0.0139x-0.0535 with a correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9982. The relationship between the linearity of fluoroscopy irradiation time and Kinetic Energy Released per Mass unit (KERMA) obtained an equation of y = 0.0957x-0.0495 with a correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9988.
Study of low head turbine propellers axial flow for use of micro-hydropower plant (MHP) in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Pribadyo  , Hadiyanto H , Jamari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Low head hydropower has the potential to produce green energy with a minimum on the environment and is one of the best choices for decentralized power plants. Aceh is one of many regions in Indonesia with hilly topography and many river streams. Of the 66 rivers in Aceh that have potential energy sources that can be developed 98.5 percent are low head. Generally, the technique for overcoming altitude problems in low river flows is the use of low head turbines. An important aspect of head power generation techniques is the selection of turbines. The study aimed to study low head propeller turbines for the use of micro hydropower plants. By calculating the main dimensions and main components of the turbine, field experiments were carried out to determine turbine rotation and energy, as well as turbine efficiency at a flow rate of 0.06 m3/sec and a 3.5-meter head. The calculation results obtained by a specific turbine speed of 1.53, runner diameter of 0.30 meters, hub diameter of 0.06 meters, shaft diameter 0.03, runner length 1.08, triangular speed of 30 degrees with the number of blades 4 pieces. From the results of field experiments, the maximum turbine rotation speed is 1828 rpm, the turbine power is 2,530 watts with a voltage between 220 to 240 volts while the maximum efficiency is 57 percent. It can be concluded that propeller-type turbines with the low head are suitable for micro power plants, especially in remote areas.
Energy and exergy analysis economic of continuous vibrating fluidized bed drying on celery drying
Authors: Handayani S U , Atmanto I S , Putri F T , Fujiwara S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper present the experimental work of celery drying using continuous vibrating fluidized bed drying. Fresh celery leaves dried at 50°C, 60°C and 70°C in continuous vibrating fluidized bed dryer with a dimension of 2350 mm × 300 mm. Energy and exergy analysis was conducted to determine the performance of the system, among others, energy utilization, energy efficiency, and efficiency of the exergy so it can be known potential energy savings can be obtained. From the calculation results can be concluded that the increase in drying temperature will increase energy utilization and energy utilization ratio and decrease the efficiency of the exergy. Average energy utilization ratio at 50°C is 0.0768, at 60°C is 0.1199 and at 70°C is 0.1682. Exergy efficiencies decrease with increasing temperature. Average exergy efficiencies are 0.19, 0,16 and 0.17 for 50°, 60° and 70°C drying temperature respectively. The main factor that causes thermodynamic inefficiency is the exergy that leaves the system, exergy destruction and loss of exergy to the surrounding air.
Comparison of performance of k-nearest neighbor algorithm using smote and k-nearest neighbor algorithm without smote in diagnosis of diabetes disease in balanced data
Authors: Pertiwi A G , Bachtiar N , Kusumaningrum R , Waspada I , Wibowo A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
According to the Indonesian Health Profile in 2017, diabetes is one of the causes of death for almost 70% in the world. The high mortality rate induces the need for making the effort to reduce the number of people with diabetes by conducting studies that lead to making a diagnosis so that can detect a person with diabetes accurately. This study tries to compare the performance of the K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm using Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique and the K-Nearest Neighbors algorithm without Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique in diagnosing diabetes on imbalanced datasets. The parameters tested are the k value of the K-Nearest Neighbors and Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique. The testing is carried out using the K-Fold Cross Validation strategy. The data used in this study were 3876 data from Pertamina Central Hospital. Based on the results of tests conducted, it shows that the value of accuracy produced in diagnosing diabetes by using Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique is better than the accuracy produced without using Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique with the highest accuracy increase of 8.25%. The highest average accuracy is obtained when the value of k = 3 in the K-Nearest Neighbors, k = 5 in the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique, and fold = 10, which reaches 78.06%.
3D modeling of buried site ngempon temple, bergas, semarang regency using HVSR method
Authors: Yuliyanto G 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This study aims to model the Ngempon Temple that is still buried under the surface using the microtremor method with HVSR data processing. The measurement geometry consists of 39 points forming a rectangular grid with a measurement spacing of 2 m. The duration of data collection was 10 minutes for each point and the sampling frequency was 150 Hz. The results obtained from this study indicate the location of the temple site and subsurface 3D models of the temple site which are characterized by a frequency range of 1.28-1.32 Hz and amplification of 1.275.
Antibacterial activity tests of isolate endophytic bacteria from the tea plant (Camellia sinensis) againts Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Sari S A , Pujiyanto S , Suprihadi A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Staphylococcus is one of the most common types of bacteria in Asia that causes local infectious diseases of the skin, nose, urethra, vagina, digestive tract, pneumonia, endocarditis, septic arthritis, and septicemia. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis are the most common types of Staphylococcus in Asia. Tea plants contain bioactive compounds and endophytic bacteria which are widely used as antimicrobial agents. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that exist in plant tissues, not pathogenic, and have the ability as the host plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of endophytic bacterial isolates of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. The antibacterial activity test of endophytic bacteria of tea plants includes a series of processes such as sample selection, surface sterilization of samples, isolation of endophytic bacteria in agar medium, screening, suspension of endophytic bacteria in 0.9 % NaCl and standardized with 0.5 McFarland, making endophytic bacterial culture in nutrient broth medium, making endophytic bacterial supernatant and antibacterial activity test with paper disc diffusion method. The result is that there is an antibacterial activity from the endophytic bacterial supernatant isolates B14, B23, and A2 to the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The best antibacterial activity was found in endophytic bacterial B14 isolates with inhibition zones of 7.75 mm and 12.5 mm followed by B23 isolates with 7.5 mm and 8.25 mm inhibition zones and A2 isolates with large inhibition zones of 7.42 mm and 8.16 mm. Endophytic bacteria of tea plants showed antibacterial activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Ozonation of methylene blue and its fate study using LC-MS/MS
Authors: Adelin M A , Gunawan G , Nur M , Haris A , Widodo D S , Suyati L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, ozone was used to degrade an organic compound of methylene blue dye. The methylene blue was treated with ozonation using ozone generator and the degradation was observed as dye decolorization. Various parameters of ozonation such as contact time, pH, and temperature were chosen. The maximum ozonation of methylene blue degradation was at pH and contact time of 11 and 13 min, respectively. The effect of temperature on the destruction of methylene blue with ozone was obtained the highest result at temperature 35 °C. The LC-MS/MS results showed that ozonation caused degradation of methylene blue producing a compound with molecular weight of 208 g/mol as the unstable compound of N-(4-nitrophenyl) butanamide (C10H12N2O3). Finally, it formed stable fraction compound of 1-nitrocyclohexene (C6H9NO2) with molecular weight of 127 g/mol which much safer and reduce the harmness of methylene blue in waste.