bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of transformer protection scheme for DC system
Authors: Hongyue Zhang , Maojun Deng , Haobo Yu , Zhiwen Liu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Back-to-back flexible DC system can be used for interconnection of asynchronous power grids. In view of the different characteristics and operation modes of connected transformer equipment in back-to-back flexible DC system, this paper puts forward some special problems that need to be considered in the design of connected transformer protection, and puts forward a complete configuration scheme of connected transformer protection in view of its particularity. Finally, we establishes a real-time digital simulation model to verify the validity of the model using actual engineering parameters. The simulation results show that the theoretical analysis is correct and the proposed protection scheme can effectively guide the engineering application.
Intelligent optimization model of actuator adjustment based on feasible direction method and genetic algorithm
Authors: Bu Henan , Yuan Xin , Yan Zhuwen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The strip flatness control in tandem cold rolling has the characteristics of fast response speed and many influencing factors. The calculation accuracy of the flatness control actuator adjustment directly affects the strip flatness quality. In order to further improve the flatness quality, an intelligent optimization model for actuator adjustment is established, and the model is solved based on the feasible direction method and genetic algorithm. The field test results show that the model proposed in this paper can significantly improve the strip flatness quality, and at the same time, the model has higher stability and can meet the requirements of online flatness adjustment.
Research on Characteristics Analysis and Dynamic Coordination Control of the Hybrid Electric System Coupling Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Hongdang , Zuo Yanyan , Zhang Jiuyu , Yang Hongtu , Chen Song 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
As the key component of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), the dynamic performance of the power coupling mechanism is found to have a significant effect on the power switching process for the whole vehicle. The research object is the double planetary gear coupling mechanism of hybrid electric vehicles. Through analysis of the relationship between each power source and the planetary gear, this paper obtained the characteristics of a dynamic coupling mechanism under non-steady state (such as engine starting). On the basis of this coupled system, a dynamic coordinated control method is proposed based on model predictive control under unsteady engine operating conditions. The results show that the dynamic coordinated control strategy can effectively reduce the impact of the whole vehicle mode switching, the dynamic coordinated control strategy is adopted, the mode switching process of the power coupling mechanism (engine starting conditions) works smoothly, reducing the total output torque shock, which is conducive to improving the vibration and noise level of the vehicles.
Research on the Function Optimization of the Bulk Grain Transportation Central Control System
Authors: Wang Xuelin , Shi Hankun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
With the rapid advancement of the guidance for port transformation and upgrading, in view of the lagging automation of bulk terminals, the low level of intelligent information, and the urgent needs for the transformation and upgrading of bulk terminals, this paper optimizes the central control system for bulk grain transportation, and implements the framework, technology, and functions of the central control system for bulk grain transportation. Based on the research of the basic functions of the existing central control system for bulk grain transportation, combined with actual needs, the functional characteristics of the central control system are optimized and researched. The warehouse preparation and transfer process is optimized, the web publishing function is added, the information management is optimized, and the alarm function is improved. The overall characteristics and intelligent level of the central control system for bulk grain transportation is improved, which has guiding significance for the intelligent construction of bulk grain transportation in ports.
Optimized prediction of solar irradiation based on MPC and ELM neural network
Authors: Zhang Han , Ding Fei , Wang Jiale , Zhang Rui , Guo Su 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Based on the characteristics of randomness and instability of solar radiation, this paper presents an optimal prediction algorithm of solar radiation based on Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). Firstly, the meteorological factors directly related to solar radiation are selected to determine the input attributes; secondly, the weather forecast and historical irradiance information at the current time are used as inputs, and the irradiance at the current time is used as the output to predict the solar irradiance; finally, the MPC rolling optimization idea is used to realize the optimal processing of solar radiation prediction data. The simulation results show that MPC-ELM algorithm has smaller simulation error than other algorithms, which shows that the algorithm has more advantages.
Analysis of Resistance Torque of Wheeled Steering Vehicle
Authors: Yang Fei , He Xiaohui , Shen Xinmin , Wang Qiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Based on the structural characteristics of the wheeled skid vehicle, this paper combines the theory of ground vehicle mechanics and related statics theory to theoretically derive the resistance moment of the single wheel turning in place and turning around a certain point. At the same time, based on the composition and decomposition of the motion, the overall steering form and steering conditions of the wheeled skid vehicle are analyzed. Taking a specific vehicle as an example, a comparative analysis of different steering modes is provided, which provides a theoretical basis for the design of the entire vehicle’s steering system.
Research on High Temperature Protection Technology of Infrared Temperature Measuring Equipment in Space Environment
Authors: Zeyuan Liu , Yonghong Shang , Xinming Su , Jing Wen , Boying Lin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
With the increasing complexity of spacecraft structure and thermal design, it is more difficult to implement surface temperature measurement technology, and the temperature measurement area tends to diverse. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for the application of non-contact temperature measurement technology in spacecraft thermal test. This paper takes the application of infrared temperature measuring equipment in vacuum and high temperature environment as the research object, designs the thermal protection scheme and device of the equipment, and simulates and analyses the thermal protection of infrared temperature measuring equipment based on node network method. Through physical test, the device can effectively realize the thermal protection of equipment in vacuum and high temperature environment, and ensure that the equipment is in the normal working temperature range and its temperature measurement algorithm model is not affected, the accuracy of temperature measurement is better than ±2°C, which meets the use requirements in spacecraft thermal test.
Research on Online Mathematical Models of Tandem Cold Rolling
Authors: Bu Henan , Ji Xingyu , Yan Zhuwen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The tandem cold rolling process control system is an important part of the computer control system of the tandem cold mill coupled pickling line, and it is an important means to ensure the output and quality of cold rolled strip. On-line mathematical models of tandem cold rolling are the premise of formulating rolling rules, setting of rolling mill parameters and calculation of load distribution. They calculate the set values and rolling parameters required by the automation system based on the rolled piece and equipment parameters. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the on-line mathematical models of tandem cold rolling and to establish a model of high precision and high value-added products.
Application of Multi-layer Forward Neural Network based Piecewise Linear Regressionin Simulation of Steam Turbine Valve Flow Curve
Authors: Lu Kuan , Wang WenKuan , Xiangrongmeng  , Gao Song , Pang Xiangkun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the piecewise linear function regression method based on FNN (Forward neural network)-ReLU (Rectified linear units) is used to simulate the flow curve of steam turbine valve. In the big data scenario, this method couldaccelerate the fitting process using GPU, as well as improve the accuracy by increasing the hidden layer of the neural network. In addition, the number of segments is auto-determined and manually chosen initial break point avoided. Applying the method to simulate the relationship betweenthe valve position and the steam flow in a 330M power unit in Shandong, the result shows a higher fitting accuracywith lower time consumption.
Analysis and preventive measures of excitation system failure leading to two downtime accidents
Authors: Qian Zhunli 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
For the fault of rectifier bridge filter of excitation system and fault of 24V power supply of excitation system, the unit was shut down twice, by analyzing the causes, the preventive measures for excitation system operation are formulated, meanwhile, it is found that the equipment management of excitation system is not deep enough and the training of excitation system is not in place. It is proposed to carry out in-depth equipment operation and maintenance control, strengthen the excitation system knowledge training, increaseing the excitation system inspection frequency and other improvement measures, such as deal with the similar problems to the scene and engineering technical personnel to provide useful experience and processing basis.
Research on modification of cryogenic treatment on austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Liu Zhicheng , Zhang Qi , Meng Fanhao , Miao Zeng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The effects of cryogenic treatment on the wear resistance, tensile properties and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel were investigated in the present work. The results show that one time and two times cryogenic treatment both improved the tensile strength, yield strength and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel without reduction of plasticity, and the effect of one time cryogenic treatment is the best. One time cryogenic treatment also improved the wear resistance of 304 stainless steel while no obvious change induced by two times cryogenic treatment. These improvements could be attributed to the release of resiual stress and reduction of defect induced by cryogenic treatment.
Development of spray atomization test system at elevated temperatures and back pressures
Authors: Pan Hongyu , Zheng Herui , Wu Siyuan , Xu Cangsu , Liu Weinan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
To simulate the authentic in-cylinder spray environment in the diesel engines, a spray atomization test system was developed. In this test platform, the pre-combustion of mixed gas was adopted to establish the elevated temperatures and back pressures, and the timing process among the ignition, injection, high-speed imaging and data acquisition was accurately controlled by a dedicated electronic control unit (ECU). The pre-combustion process was tested at different initial pressures and the spray pattern was studied. The experimental results showed that the maximum temperature and back pressure generated after the pre-combustion was proportional to the initial pressure, so different in-cylinder conditions could be simulated by adjusting initial conditions of the pre-combustion. The images and transient data of the spray process could be recorded completely and clearly, which laid a solid foundation for the measurement of macroscopic spray parameters.
Cause analysis of cracking and leakage of T91 steel tube in hydraulic test of Supercritical Boiler
Authors: Zhang Yanfei , Zhang Xuechao , Zhang Zhihao , Gong Yongqiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
When the 660MW supercritical boiler installed water pressure test, the last stage superheater T91 pipe of #1 boiler cracked and leaked. Chemical composition analysis, mechanical property test at room temperature, metallographic structure observation, SEM analysis and energy spectrum analysis were carried out for the failed steel pipe. The results show that the main reason for the cracking and leakage of the final stage superheater is that the inner wall of the steel tube has longitudinal linear defects in the process of hot rolling and cold drawing, and the stress concentration is formed at the defect tip. During the hydraulic test, the defect tip opens to form cracks and expands to open cracks, resulting in the leakage of the final stage superheater.
Robust surface stability and enhanced anti-fouling property on PVDF ultrafiltration membrane surface: PDA/PEG co-deposition versus traditional PDA coating
Authors: An Z H , Wang H Z , Ruan G L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Membrane surface design, especially for the anti-protein fouling property, is vital for the development of synthetic polymer ultrafiltration membranes. Although mussel-inspired antifouling coatings have obtained rapid development, the surface chemical adhesion stability still suffers from weak chemical stability especially in strongly alkaline environment. In this paper, the surfaces of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were modified via traditional polydopamine (PDA) coating followed with polyethylene glycol (PEG) immobilization method and PDA/PEG co-deposition strategy. In contrast to general PDA coating, the fabricated membrane surface exhibits excellent chemical adhesion stability under the different solution environment (whatever in neutral deionic water solution, acidic solution (pH=2) or strongly alkaline solution (pH=14)). The membrane surface elementary composition and morphologies were evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The modified membranes obtained via co-deposition were confirmed to have excellent hydrophilicity, enhanced coating stability and good dynamic/static anti-protein adhesion properties. Overall, this work provides a facile, robust and useful bio-inspired anti-fouling membrane surface modification strategy for broadening the application in water treatment field of ultrafiltration membranes.
An Active Power-Decoupling Method for Single-phase FACTS Device
Authors: Zhang Junmin , Zhao Min , Zheng Zhi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Single-phase FACTS device can be implemented by an H-bridge inverter which has a large electrolytic capacitor to absorb the 2-ω ripple pulsating. This paper introduced a topological structure by adding a film capacitor and a filtering inductor in AC side and calculated the minimum capacitance of the film. Through the control method, the power of 2-ω ripple can be absorbed completely in theory, and the total size of the capacitor can be reduced by 10 times. The control strategy consisted of three parts: DC voltage control, grid current control, and film capacitor current voltage control. The first part ensured FACTS’s work normally, the second and third parts can be named double-loop control to transform 2-ω ripple power from the electrolytic capacitor in DC side to the film capacitor in AC side. The structure in this paper was the simplest, and control strategy can be verified by simulation.
Application of short hole rapid extraction technology in excavation face
Authors: Shi Yongtao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The gas concentration of the return air was high during the 3605 backwind measures lane in the Shanxi coal mine, and the measure of using gas discharge holes had little effect, which seriously affected the excavation efficiency. Through the use of short drilling in the head-on construction, the rapid sealing of Capsule sealer, and the short-term extraction measures of the repair class, the gas concentration of the back air during the roadway excavation was significantly reduced, which greatly improved the tunneling efficiency of the 3605 backwind measures lane. According to the gas concentration during the excavation of 3605 backwind measures lane before and after the monitored short hole extraction, the gas concentration of the back air decreased by 0.14∼0.16 % and the gas concentration of the working surface decreased by 0.04∼0.1 % under the same digging speed conditions, ensuring the safe digging of the working face.
Prediction Model of Thermal Comfort Based on Tabu Genetic Neural Network
Authors: Du Zhehua , Lin Xin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The calculation process of thermal comfort index has the characteristics of nonlinearity and high computational complexity, so that the real-time controller of air conditioning can’t be used directly. To solve this problem, based on the thermal comfort equation provided by professor Fanger, an improved tabu genetic neural network (TGA-BPNN) is proposed to generate a prediction model for PMV index. The improvements include: training the initial population using train( ) function and using tabu tables to optimize selection, crossover, and mutation. The simulation experiment shows that, compared with the traditional BP network and the genetic neural network, TGA-BPNN can quickly find the global optimal solution and make the prediction model more accurate under the condition of maintaining the diversity of the population. Of course, there are still deficiencies in the simulation experiment. The deficiencies include that initial population needs to be trained repeatedly, which increases algorithm’s running time compared to random population. The algorithm spatial complexity is increased, so that the efficiency of TGA-BPNN algorithm is not as high as that of GA-BPNN algorithm.
Application of wavelet analysis of X-Ray computed tomography histogram for phase segmentation
Authors: Kadyrov R , Starovoytov A , Utemov E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
With the development of unconventional resources, the standard task of evaluation the porosity and oil saturation needs a new approach. Heavy oil and bitumen can act as the cement in many sand reservoirs, which excludes the use of standard measuring techniques. A method for phase segmentation and estimating the porosity and oil saturation of heavy oil reservoirs, based on wavelet analysis of X-ray computed tomography histogram was proposed. Its advantages are reducing human influence on phase thresholding and the ability to work with loose sand reservoirs, for which it is not possible to use standard assessment methods. The main problem found for this method is the need for high detailing of segmentation objects since a large amount of noise and transition voxels adversely affect class recognition and quantitative interpretation. The application of wavelet analysis approach for naturally heavy oil saturated samples requires high-resolution microCT (less than 5 µm) and high oil saturation of the samples.
Comparative mineralogy and petrography of the basalts of Vesuvius and Batur volcanoes
Authors: Kadyrov R , Minibaeva E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In areas of active volcanic activity, sedimentary rocks can form both directly during eruptions and the destruction of effusive rocks. Therefore, the study of effusive parent rocks such as basalts is very important. This work provides information about the history of formation and geological structure of Vesuvius and Batur volcanoes, which are located at different ends of the Mediterranean-Alpine-Himalayan folded belt and have a similar layer-cone structure and they are represented by alkaline (subalkaline) type of magmas. Based on the research and literature data, it is found that modern basaltic samples from these volcanoes are mineralogically close. The basalt of Mount Batur was formed from lavas with higher aluminium content in the melt, higher viscosity, with strong degassing and rapid cooling. The formation of effusive rocks of Vesuvius, on the contrary, is associated with a lower viscosity of lava, a lower content of aluminium and its slower cooling. They underwent more significant secondary changes.
Paleogeographic causes of the formation of mineral deposits on the east of the East European platform in the Permian period
Authors: Khasanov R , Balabanov Yu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
There took place cardinal paleo- and zoogeographic changes in the second half of the Permian period and the beginning of the Triassic on the east of the East European Platform. These changes have been reflected in the geochemical features and magnetic properties of the rocks, the isotopic composition of chemical elements, the characteristics of the fauna, as well as the nature of the sediments. Permian sediments complete have an extremely complex geological structure, are characterized by a diversity of lithologic-facies composition and occurring of specific minerals, which are considered indicators of various types of lithogenesis (sulfate-carbonate rocks, coals, copper sandstones, schists, etc.). Based on lithological and paleomagnetic studies, paleogeographic reconstructions were performed. They showed that one of the factors of Perm sedimentation and related processes of the formation of ore and nonmetallic minerals are global climatic changes caused by Carboniferous-Permian glaciation.
Dispersed organic matter in the rocks of fluid seals according to magnetic radiospectroscopy
Authors: Khasanova N M , Izotov V G , Sitdikova L M , Zakharchenko A L , Sidorova E U , Khasanov R A , Nizamutdinov N M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to use methods of magnetic radiospectroscopy – electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR LF) to determine the quality of the rocks of fluid seals of “lingul clays” (depth 82-102 m) of the Ashalchinskoye field, combining traditional methods of studying the properties of the material composition of rocks and dispersed organic matter in them. The heterogeneity of the mineral composition by the distribution of the EPR signal intensity of the ion Mn2+ has been established; it is mostly dense carbonate in the upper part, below it passes into the magnesian calcareous and ends with the clay part. Mineral heterogeneity is consistent with an increase in pore space in the middle and lower parts of the section. The EPR spectra of impurity ions in the structure of carbonate minerals, impurity ions Fe3+ in the structure of silicon compounds and the E’-center line in quartz control the state of the rock mineral matrix. The EPR signal of free radicals Corg characterizes the presence of organic matter. The presence of an insoluble part of organic matter, or the ability to generate hydrocarbons, is recorded by the newly formed radical C350 after
isothermal annealing of the rock at a temperature of 350°C.
Geochemical variations in the Upper Kazanian (Middle Permian) stratotype section, Russia
Authors: Nurgalieva NG , Gareev BI , Batalin GA 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present paper shows elemental and carbon and strontium isotope composition of the Upper Kazanian (Middle Permian) stratotype section Pechishchi, Russia. A new version of Noinsky’s cycles scheme has been obtained for Martinet and Sougy’s Diagram types of carbonates, with the geochemical indices values changing within marine, evaporate and clastic beds. The δ13Ccarb values vary within interval 0 − +10‰ V-PDB with a mean value 6.2 ‰ V-PDB. The negative excursions of δ13Ccarb values (with amplitudes 2-8 ‰) are assigned as significant land-derived sedimentary inputs. The values of 87Sr/86Sr ratio in the data set of 17 samples change from 0.707267 to 0.707417 (mean value 0. 70734). On standard 87Sr/86Sr curve these values correspond to the interval 273 – 268 Ma.