bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigations of changes in the arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) structure, size and composition during the fruit ripening process
Authors: Leszczuk Agata , Zając Adrian , Kurzyna-Szklarek Magdalena , Cybulska Justyna , Zdunek Artur 
Published: November 2020

AbstractArabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are ubiquitous cell wall and plasma membrane components and are characterised by extensive glycosylation and heterogeneity of their carbohydrate and protein units. The aim of the study was to evaluate the structural features of AGPs present in apple fruits at different stages of the ripening process. AGPs were extracted using the Yariv reagent and examined using SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting, FT-IR, and AFM. In situ analysis, immunofluorescence (CLSM) and immunogold-labelling (TEM), were performed. We demonstrated that AGPs were indeed present in apple fruits at the different stages of the ripening process. The changes in the amount (1.52–2.08 mg g−1), diameter (152.73–75.05 nm), molecular mass (50–250 kDa), and distribution in the cell of AGPs demonstrate their variable presence and changeable structure during the ripening process. We propose specific wavenumbers, i.e. 1265 cm−1, 1117 cm−1, and 960 cm−1, which could be assigned to AGPs. The immunofluorescence and immunogold-labelling results indicate that the JIM13 antibody is the most characteristic for AGPs in apple fruits. This study quantitatively demonstrated for the first time that AGP accumulation occurs in ripe fruits, which is supported by the highest AGPs content, the highest molecular mass, and the appearance of a specific distribution pattern at the cellular level.
Cerebellar network organization across the human menstrual cycle
Authors: Fitzgerald Morgan , Pritschet Laura , Santander Tyler , Grafton Scott T. , Jacobs Emily G. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe cerebellum contains the vast majority of neurons in the brain and houses distinct functional networks that constitute at least two homotopic maps of cerebral networks. It is also a major site of sex steroid hormone action. While the functional organization of the human cerebellum has been characterized, the influence of sex steroid hormones on intrinsic cerebellar network dynamics has yet to be established. Here we investigated the extent to which endogenous fluctuations in estradiol and progesterone alter functional cerebellar networks at rest in a woman densely sampled over a complete menstrual cycle (30 consecutive days). Edgewise regression analysis revealed robust negative associations between progesterone and cerebellar coherence. Graph theory metrics probed sex hormones’ influence on topological brain states, revealing relationships between sex hormones and within-network integration in Ventral Attention, Dorsal Attention, and SomatoMotor Networks. Together these results suggest that the intrinsic dynamics of the cerebellum are intimately tied to day-by-day changes in sex hormones.
In vitro model of distinct catabolic and inflammatory response patterns of endothelial cells to intervertebral disc cell degeneration
Authors: Hwang Min Ho , Son Hyeong-Guk , Kim Joohan , Choi Hyuk 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo evaluate dominant cell-to-cell paracrine interactions, including those of human annulus fibrosus (AF), nucleus pulposus (NP), and endothelial cells (ECs), in the production of inflammatory mediators and catabolic enzymes, ECs was cultured in soluble factors derived from AF or NP cells (AFCM or NPCM, respectively) and vice versa. We analysed IL-6 and -8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and -3, nerve growth factor (NGF)-β, and brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNFs) with qRT-PCR and ELISA. We implement a microfluidic platform to analyse migration properties of AF and NP cells and ECs in 3D cultures. Our results show that IL-1β-stimulated AF cells produced significantly higher levels of IL-6 and -8, VEGF, and MMP-1 than IL-1β-stimulated NP cells. However, production of IL-6 and -8, VEGF, and MMP-3 was significantly higher in NP cells than in AF cells, under the presence of ECs conditioned medium. We observed considerable migration of NP cells co-cultured with ECs through the microfluidic platform. These results suggest that AF cells may play a major role in the initial degeneration of intervertebral disc. Furthermore, it was found that interactions between NP cells and ECs may play a significant role in the development or progression of diseases.
Inter-fractional monitoring of $$^{12}$$C ions treatments: results from a clinical trial at the CNAO facility
Authors: Fischetti M. , Baroni G. , Battistoni G. , Bisogni G. , Cerello P. , Ciocca M. , De Maria P. , De Simoni M. , Di Lullo B. , Donetti M. , Dong Y. , Embriaco A. , Ferrero V. , Fiorina E. , Franciosini G. , Galante F. , Kraan A. , Luongo C. , Magi M. , Mancini-Terracciano C. , Marafini M. , Malekzadeh E. , Mattei I. , Mazzoni E. , Mirabelli R. , Mirandola A. , Morrocchi M. , Muraro S. , Patera V. , Pennazio F. , Schiavi A. , Sciubba A. , Solfaroli Camillocci E. , Sportelli G. , Tampellini S. , Toppi M. , Traini G. , Valle S. M. , Vischioni B. , Vitolo V. , Sarti A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe high dose conformity and healthy tissue sparing achievable in Particle Therapy when using C ions calls for safety factors in treatment planning, to prevent the tumor under-dosage related to the possible occurrence of inter-fractional morphological changes during a treatment. This limitation could be overcome by a range monitor, still missing in clinical routine, capable of providing on-line feedback. The Dose Profiler (DP) is a detector developed within the INnovative Solution for In-beam Dosimetry in hadronthErapy (INSIDE) collaboration for the monitoring of carbon ion treatments at the CNAO facility (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica) exploiting the detection of charged secondary fragments that escape from the patient. The DP capability to detect inter-fractional changes is demonstrated by comparing the obtained fragment emission maps in different fractions of the treatments enrolled in the first ever clinical trial of such a monitoring system, performed at CNAO. The case of a CNAO patient that underwent a significant morphological change is presented in detail, focusing on the implications that can be drawn for the achievable inter-fractional monitoring DP sensitivity in real clinical conditions. The results have been cross-checked against a simulation study.
Selective CO2 reduction towards a single upgraded product: a minireview on multi-elemental copper-free electrocatalysts
Authors: Wilsey Madeleine K. , Cox Connor P. , Forsythe Ryland C. , McCarney Luke R. , Müller Astrid M. 
Published: November 2020

Electrocatalytic conversion of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide to liquid fuels or upgraded chemicals is a critical strategy to mitigate anthropogenic climate change. To this end, we urgently need high-performance CO2 reduction catalysts.
Role of Ln type in the physical mechanisms of defect mediated luminescence of Li, Ln–SnO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Cojocaru Bogdan , Colbea Claudiu , Avram Daniel , Istrate Cosmin , Abramiuc Laura , Tiseanu Carmen 
Published: November 2020

The effects of Li addition on the luminescence of Ln–SnO2 depend on the Ln type, which are classified as surface (Dy, Tb) and substitutional dopants (Eu, Sm, Er).
Defects of steel crane beams and methods of their strengthening
Authors: Shuryn Andrei , Mukhin Anatoli , Bryantsev Alexandr 
Published: November 2020

Crane structures are the most vulnerable in buildings and structures because of their early wear in comparison with other building structures. The wear of crane structures is because of the appearance and the development of fatigue damage nature.
The article presents the constructive solutions developed by the authors for strengthening the structures of steel crane beams with conventional and corrugated walls which allow to reduce the influence of the negative influence of installation, operation and technological processes on their operational durability.
The most dangerous installation defect is the displacement of the crane rail axis relative to the axis of the crane beams wall. Value of this shift is exceeded several times in the cases considered below. It is proposed to use crane beams with corrugated walls to solve this problem.
The authors have developed and implemented a project to restore the performance of steel crane beams by strengthening the walls of damaged beams without stopping production. Strengthening was performed on the outside of the eccentricities of the application of loads from crane rails by creating a truss structure parallel to the I-beam with chords of I-beams, which made it possible to significantly reduce the magnitude of local stresses from moments, the magnitude of transverse forces and consequently shear stresses, which are the main factors in the appearance and development of fatigue cracks in their walls.
Fractures of the Humeral Ulnar Condyle in Children – a Rare but Complicated Injury
Authors: Fernandez Francisco Fernandez , Ihle Christoph , Ziegler Patrick , Wirth Thomas , Eberhardt Oliver 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Ulnar humeral condyle fractures are rare paediatric elbow fractures, classified as Salter-Harris IV paediatric elbow injuries. Due to constant radiological changes in the elbow with varying manifestation of ossification centres as well as late ossification of the trochlea, diagnosis of these injuries is challenging. To avoid long-term complications, the treating surgeon should be familiar with the rare injury picture, diagnostics and adequate therapeutic measures.
Material and Methods The present retrospective study includes data on all paediatric cases from 2002 to 2019 with primary or secondary treatment at a paediatric traumatology centre for ulnar condyle fracture with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Range of motion, joint stability under valgus and varus stress as well as axial ratios of the injured and uninjured side were evaluated in a clinical follow-up examination. The Mayo Elbow Performance Score was used to objectify functional results.
Results 20 children, average age 8.6 years (4 – 13) and average follow-up time 25 months, were included. Radiological evaluation based on Jakob and Fowles classification revealed a type I fracture in three cases, a type II fracture in one case and a type III fracture in 16 cases. Three cases were treated nonoperatively with an upper arm cast. 17 children were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Diagnosis of three fractures was delayed. No postoperative complications such as infections, nerve damage or nonunions. 15 children showed free elbow function. Three children showed slightly restricted elbow extension by less than 10° and two by 10°–20°. All children showed free pro/supination. 18 children showed a physiological and bilaterally identical arm axis compared to the uninjured side. Two children showed a slightly increased cubitus valgus with a 5 – 10° difference between sides. Radiologically, two children with delayed fracture treatment showed
partial necrosis of the trochlea. The Mayo Elbow Score showed good (2) to excellent results in all children (18).
Conclusion Very good clinical and functional results can be expected if the injury is diagnosed without delay followed by adequate therapy. Misdiagnosis of ulnar condyle fractures can be associated with the development of nonunions and functional restrictions as well as, after operative therapy, trochlear necrosis. Children up to the age of 6 in particular are at risk of misdiagnosis due to faulty assessment of the cartilaginous trochlea.
Ammonia–Borane-Mediated Reduction of Nitroalkenes
Authors: Benaglia Maurizio , Faverio Chiara , Boselli Monica Fiorenza , Raimondi Laura 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAmmonia borane (AB) has been successfully employed in the reduction of nitroalkenes. A variety of nitrostyrenes and alkyl-substituted­ nitroalkenes were chemoselectively reduced to the corresponding nitroalkanes, in short reaction time, with an atom-economic, simple experimental procedure that also works with α- and β-substituted nitroolefins.
A Method to Improve Availability and Quality of Patient Race Data in an Electronic Health Record System
Authors: Cusick Marika M. , Sholle Evan T. , Davila Marcos A. , Kabariti Joseph , Cole Curtis L. , Campion Thomas R. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Although federal regulations mandate documentation of structured race data according to Office of Management and Budget (OMB) categories in electronic health record (EHR) systems, many institutions have reported gaps in EHR race data that hinder secondary use for population-level research focused on underserved populations. When evaluating race data available for research purposes, we found our institution's enterprise EHR contained structured race data for only 51% (1.6 million) of patients.
Objectives We seek to improve the availability and quality of structured race data available to researchers by integrating values from multiple local sources.
Methods To address the deficiency in race data availability, we implemented a method to supplement OMB race values from four local sources—inpatient EHR, inpatient billing, natural language processing, and coded clinical observations. We evaluated this method by measuring race data availability and data quality with respect to completeness, concordance, and plausibility.
Results The supplementation method improved race data availability in the enterprise EHR up to 10% for some minority groups and 4% overall. We identified structured OMB race values for more than 142,000 patients, nearly a third of whom were from racial minority groups. Our data quality evaluation indicated that the supplemented race values improved completeness in the enterprise EHR, originated from sources in agreement with the enterprise EHR, and were unbiased to the enterprise EHR.
Conclusion Implementation of this method can successfully increase OMB race data availability, potentially enhancing accrual of patients from underserved populations to research studies.
Remote Patient Monitoring Program for Hospital Discharged COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Gordon William J. , Henderson Daniel , DeSharone Avital , Fisher Herrick N. , Judge Jessica , Levine David M. , MacLean Laura , Sousa Diane , Su Mack Y. , Boxer Robert 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective We deployed a Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM) program to monitor patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) upon hospital discharge. We describe the patient characteristics, program characteristics, and clinical outcomes of patients in our RPM program.
Methods We enrolled COVID-19 patients being discharged home from the hospital. Enrolled patients had an app, and were provided with a pulse oximeter and thermometer. Patients self-reported symptoms, O2 saturation, and temperature daily. Abnormal symptoms or vital signs were flagged and assessed by a pool of nurses. Descriptive statistics were used to describe patient and program characteristics. A mixed-effects logistic regression model was used to determine the odds of a combined endpoint of emergency department (ED) or hospital readmission.
Results A total of 295 patients were referred for RPM from five participating hospitals, and 225 patients were enrolled. A majority of enrolled patients (66%) completed the monitoring period without triggering an abnormal alert. Enrollment was associated with a decreased odds of ED or hospital readmission (adjusted odds ratio: 0.54; 95% confidence interval: 0.3–0.97; p = 0.039). Referral without enrollment was not associated with a reduced odds of ED or hospital readmission.
Conclusion RPM for COVID-19 provides a mechanism to monitor patients in their home environment and reduce hospital utilization. Our work suggests that RPM reduces readmissions for patients with COVID-19 and provides scalable remote monitoring capabilities upon hospital discharge. RPM for postdischarge patients with COVID-19 was associated with a decreased risk of readmission to the ED or hospital, and provided a scalable mechanism to monitor patients in their home environment.
Prosthetic Accuracy Depends on the Design of Patient-Specific Instrumentation: Results of a Retrospective Study Using Three-Dimensional Imaging
Authors: Yamamura Kazumasa , Inori Fumiaki , Konishi Sadahiko 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTo determine accuracy of patient-specific instrumentation (PSI), the preoperative three-dimensional (3D) plan should be superimposed on the postoperative 3D image to compare prosthetic alignment. We aimed to compare prosthetic alignment on a preoperative 3D computed tomography (CT) plan and postoperative 3D-CT image, and evaluate the accuracy of PSI during total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Thirty consecutive knees (30 patients) who underwent TKA using PSI were retrospectively evaluated. The preoperative plan was prepared using 3D CT acquisitions of the hip, knee, and ankle joints. The postoperative 3D CT image obtained 1 week after surgery was superimposed onto the preoperative 3D plan using computer software. Differences in prosthetic alignment between the preoperative and postoperative images were measured using six parameters: coronal, sagittal, and axial alignments of femoral and tibial prostheses. Differences in prosthetic alignment greater than 3 degrees were considered outliers. Two observers performed all measurements. All parameters were repeatedly measured over a 4-week interval. This measurement method's intraobserver and interobserver reliabilities were more than 0.81 (very good). For the femoral and tibial prostheses, absolute differences between the preoperative and postoperative 3D CT images were significantly larger in the sagittal than in the coronal and axial planes (p < 0.001). The outlier rate for the sagittal alignment of femoral and tibial prostheses was significantly higher than that for the alignment of coronal and axial planes (p < 0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the range of motion (ROM) before and after TKA when comparing cases with and without outliers in the sagittal plane. Even though the present study did not reveal any issues with the ROM that depended on the presence of an outlier, accurate verification of prosthetic alignment for individual PSI models may be necessary because the designs, referenced images, and accuracy are different in each model.
Protest graffiti, social movements and changing participation frameworks
Authors: Zhang Hong , Chan Brian Hok-Shing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
As a type of written discourse without guaranteed readership and response, protest graffiti nonetheless projects a
participation framework in which protesters address different participants, including not only the government but also other potential
‘participants’ in the social/cultural/political context. This paper studies a dataset of graffiti associated with a protest movement in
Macao, China. A survey of the longitudinal data reveals that the contents and visual representation of the graffiti have changed to reflect
evolving participation frameworks which are in response to different stages of social movements. While graffiti in earlier stages tends to
be more accusatory and anti-governmental, graffiti in later stages shows a shift of protesters’ position more in alignment with patriotism
and allegiance to authority. Instead of presenting views competing with mainstream political discourse, our data, with their multimodal
resources, draw heavily on Chinese cultural discourses which are supposedly shared among the protesters and addressees in this context.
Inclusive

photoproduction at the CEPC *
Authors: Zhan Xi-Jie , Wang Jian-Xiong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Inclusive

photoproduction at the future Circular-Electron-Positron-Collider (CEPC) is studied, using the non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD) factorization formalism. Including the contributions from both direct and resolved photons, we present different distributions for the

production. Our results suggest that there will be considerable events, implying that well measurements of the

photoproduction can be performed to further study heavy quarkonium physics at electron-positron colliders, in addition to hadron colliders. This supplemental study is very important for clarifying the current situation regarding the heavy quarkonium production mechanism.
Shell corrections with finite temperature covariant density functional theory *
Authors: Zhang Wei , Lv Wan-Li , Sun Ting-Ting 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The temperature dependence of the shell corrections to the energy

, entropy

, and free energy

is studied by employing the covariant density functional theory for closed-shell nuclei. Taking

Sm as an example, studies have shown that, unlike the widely-used exponential dependence

,

exhibits a non-monotonous behavior, i.e., first decreasing 20% approaching a temperature of

MeV, and then fading away exponentially. Shell corrections to both free energy

and entropy

can be approximated well using the Bohr-Mottelson forms

and

, respectively, in which

. Further studies on the shell corrections in other closed-shell nuclei,

Sn and

Pb, are conducted, and the same temperature dependencies are obtained.
Measurements of neutron energy spectra of 9Be(d,n)10B reaction with a thick beryllium target *
Authors: Zhang Shuang-Jiao , Hu Zhi-Jie , Hu Zhi-Ming , Han Chao , Bai Xiao-Hou , Liu Chang-Qi , Huang Chang , Xie Qin , Huo Dong-Ying , Wu Kang , Nie Yang-Bo , Ding Yan-Yan , Zhang Kai , Zhang Yu , Deng Zhi-Yong , Guo Rui , Wei Zheng , Yao Ze-En 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Novel measurements of the neutron energy spectra of the 9Be(d,n)10B reaction with a thick beryllium target are performed using a fast neutron time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometer for the neutron emission angles

and

, and the incident deuteron energies are 250 and 300 keV, respectively. The neutron contributions from the 9Be(d,n)10B reaction are distributed relatively independently for the ground state and the first, second, and third excited states of 10B. The branching ratios of the 9Be(d,n)10B reaction for the different excited states of 10B are obtained for the neutron emission angles

and

, and the incident deuteron energies are 250 and 300 keV, respectively. The branching ratio of the 9Be(d,n)10B reaction for the third excited state decreases with increase in the incident deuteron energy, and the branching ratios for the ground state and the second excited state increase with increase in the neutron emission angle.
Solutions for a hyperbolic diffusion equation with linear reaction terms
Authors: Lenzi E K , Lenzi M K , Zola R S , Evangelista L R 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
General diffusion processes involve one or more diffusing species and are usually modelled by Fick’s law, which assumes infinite propagation velocity. In this article, searching for the effect of finite propagation speeds in a system with two reacting species, we investigate diffusing and reacting particles governed by a hyperbolic diffusion equation, that is, the Cattaneo equation, which describes a diffusion process with finite propagation velocity, in the presence of a constant external field and reaction terms. These reaction terms are linear and may be related to irreversible and reversible processes, including memory effects, depending on the choices of the reaction rates. We obtain exact solutions for the equilibrium concentrations and explore the rich variety of behaviours exhibited by the species involved in reaction processes. Our results may shine new light into systems with more than one kind of diffusing and reacting particles, as is the case in several industrial and biological process, when finite speeds and memory effects are involved.