bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution and Characteristics of Nypa Palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) in Southern Part of Cilacap Regency
Authors: Widodo P , Sukarsa  , Herawati W , Hidayah HA , Chasanah T , Proklamasiningsih E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Nypa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb.) is a kind of palm growing very well in the brackish water forest or along the river near its mouth. In some countries, it is considered to be invasive plant, so that its development should be controlled. The aim of this study is to find out the morphological distribution of the nypa along Cilacap and Kebumen coastal areas of Central Java. The method used in this study is survey. The sample was taken with purposive sampling technique by taking samples from nypa population randomly. The environmental factors measured included water salinity, water pH, soil pH, and soil type. The nypa characteristics measured included leaf morphology and size, and plant individual density. The results of this study based on the distance from the coastline showed that: 1) The nypa is mainly distributed along the river with Grey regosol and Alluvial Hydromorph soils; 2) erect leafed nypa are present close to the water while the curved leafed nypa were presence in the inner part of the areas; 3) Based on the rachis color, the young, medium, and old nypa leaves tend to have green, greenish yellow, and orange rachis respectively. 4) Based on survivability, the nypa seeds tend survive in water further inland.
Ability of Wayside Trees as Pb Absorbent on Jl Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto
Authors: Samiyarsih S , Santoso S , Lestari S , Ardiyuda D , Fitrianto N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Air pollution can be determined by using plants as a bioindicator. The purposes of this research were 1) to determine the ambient air Pb concentration and Pb concentration in some leaves of wayside trees on Jl Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto, 2) to find out the stomata characteristics i.e. size and density of stomata related to their ability to absorb Pb. The research method used was the survey method. The wayside tree leaf samples were taken with purposive sampling. The variables used in the research include variables such as aerial Pb and Pb concentrations of leaves, while the dependent variable was anatomical responses. The main parameters observed in the form of air Pb concentrations, Pb in leaf and stomata anatomical characters. The support parameters are traffic density. The results of this study showed that the concentration of Pb in Jl Jenderal Sudirman within 1 hour is 0.0147 μg/m³. Pb concentration was the highest in the leaves of Schima wallichii (0.3524 ppm), and the lowest was in Hibiscus tiliaceus (0.2354 ppm). Pb accumulated in the leaves caused a very significant effect on the density, length, and width of the leaf stomata of shade plant on Purwokerto’s Jenderal Sudirman Road. Pb concentration in leaves positively correlated with the density, length, and width of stomata (p<0.05).
Molecular Profile of Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn. from three different altitudes based on atpB – rbcL IGS
Authors: Susanto A H , Dwiati M 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNodeweed (Synedrella nodiflora(L.) Gaertn.) is the only member of genusSynedrella, which is widely distributed over many tropical countries. It has been reported as potentially having many benefits for human life, but it is also commonly found as broad-leaf weed in several crops. In addition to its wide distribution, this species can also grow in a wide range of altitudes. This study was aimed to assess molecular profile ofS. nodiflorain three different levels of altitudes, i.e. 0, 130, and 800 m above sea level respectively. Intergenic spacer (IGS)atpB –rbcL was used as the molecular marker. It was shown that no genetic difference among samples from the three altitudes was observed, indicating that any difference that may appear in the phenotype is merely due to morphological and/or physiological adaptation.
Preference of Termites to Habitat under The Trees along Altitudinal Gradient in Western Slope of Mount Slamet Central Java
Authors: Pratiknyo H , Ambarningrum T B , Setyowati E A , Indrawati T 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The western slope of the production forest of Mount Slamet locating in 700-1300 m asl, dominated by trees of Recinus damara and Pinus mercusii. The dominant trees create specific character habitat and be prefered of termites to inhabited under them. The aims of this research to differ the preference of termites to habitat under the tree on western Slope. The method used was a survey with sampling based on belt transect.(L=100m, W=2m) layed under both habitats for 600 m length. Each transect for 100 m length divided into 20 sections, then the termites sampled on a living tree, branch, bark, litter, and soil in each section. Diversity, equality, and domination of termites were analyzed by Shannon-Wienner index (H′), Shannon-Evenness index (E), and Simpson’s Domination index and correlation test. The result, six species of termites Schedorhinotermes javanicus, Odontotermes javanicus, Nasutitermes matangensis, Capritermes semarangi, Procapritermes stiger, and Microtermes insperatus were found under both of the trees. The pattern of abundance of each species termites on altitudes showed maximal on mid altitudes. The conclusion was the preference of termites to the dominant tree was significantly different, the termites diversity was categorized as low level, and the most dominant species was Schedorhinotermes javanicus.
Context-dependent consequences of color biases in a social fish
Authors: Culbert Brett M , Talagala Sanduni , Barnett James B , Stanbrook Emily , Smale Parker , Balshine Sigal 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Colorful visual signals can provide receivers with valuable information about food, danger, and the quality of social partners. However, the value of the information that color provides varies depending on the situation, and color may even act as a sensory trap where signals that evolved under one context are exploited in another. Despite some elegant early work on color as a sensory trap, few empirical studies have examined how color biases may vary depending on context and under which situations biases can be overridden. Here, using Neolamprologus pulcher, a highly social cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika, we conducted a series of experiments to determine color biases and investigate the effects of these biases under different contexts. We found that N. pulcher interacted the most with yellow items and the least with blue items. These biases were maintained during a foraging-based associative learning assay, with fish trained using yellow stimuli performing better than those trained using blue stimuli. However, these differences in learning performance did not extend to reversal learning; fish were equally capable of forming new associations regardless of the color they were initially trained on. Finally, in a social choice assay, N. pulcher did not display a stronger preference for conspecifics whose yellow facial markings had been artificially enhanced. Together, these findings suggest that the influence of color biases varies under different contexts and supports the situational dependency of color functions.
Bisphenol A and 17α-ethinylestradiol-induced transgenerational gene expression differences in the brain–pituitary–testis axis of medaka, Oryzias latipes†
Authors: Thayil Albert J , Wang Xuegeng , Bhandari Pooja , vom Saal Frederick S , Tillitt Donald E , Bhandari Ramji K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as bisphenol A (BPA) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), can have far reaching health effects, including transgenerational abnormalities in offspring that never directly contacted either chemical. We previously reported reduced fertilization rates and embryo survival at F2 and F3 generations caused by 7-day embryonic exposure (F0) to 100 μg/L BPA or 0.05 μg/L EE2 in medaka. Crossbreeding of fish in F2 generation indicated subfertility in males. To further understand the mechanisms underlying BPA or EE2-induced adult onset and transgenerational reproductive defects in males, the present study examined the expression of genes regulating the brain–pituitary–testis (BPT) axis in the same F0 and F2 generation male medaka. Embryonic exposure to BPA or EE2 led to hyperactivation of brain and pituitary genes, which are actively involved in reproduction in adulthood of the F0 generation male fish, and some of these F0 effects continued to the F2 generation (transgenerational effects). Particularly, the F2 generation inherited the hyperactivated state of expression for kisspeptin (kiss1 and kiss2) and their receptors (kiss1r and kiss2r), and gnrh and gnrh receptors. At F2 generation, expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (dnmt1) decreased in brain of the BPA treatment lineage, while EE2 treatment lineage showed increased dnmt3bb expression. Global hypomethylation pattern was observed in the testis of both F0 and F2 generation fish. Taken together, these results demonstrated that BPA or EE2-induced transgenerational reproductive impairment in the F2 generation was associated with alterations of reproductive gene expression in brain and testis and global DNA methylation in testis.
A Wojtyłian Reading of Performativity and the Self in Judith Butler
Authors: Franks Angela 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDrawing on Hegel, Judith Butler argues that the subject is the product of its desire for subject-ion. The subject, its gender, and even the sexed body itself come into being through reiterating or parodying preexisting norms and discourses of power (“performativity”). Butler rejects the realities of substance and a fixed human nature that would limit the possibilities of performativity. I summarize and assess Butler’s proposals, highlighting both the value and the drawbacks of her theory. I then show how John Paul II’s understanding of meaning and of the body as tasks takes up what is positive in Butler. He escapes the pitfalls of her thought, however, by retaining both metaphysics and revelation. He argues that the subject exists as substance or suppositum, which defends it against the encroachment of power. He also insists on the importance of human nature, which makes the human person to be the kind of substance who can form herself through the God-given task of creative action directed toward meaningful self-gift. Lastly, John Paul II emphasizes that the divine power of God enables the person to transcend the power dynamics of the culture of death.
When the Starting Place Is Lived Experience: The Pastoral and Therapeutic Implications of John Paul II’s Account of the Person
Authors: Savage Deborah 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe aim of this article1 is to provide insight into the anthropological framework that could inform the pastoral and therapeutic care of those we encounter, professionally or in our personal lives, who experience same-sex attraction (SSA). Our question here is not whether or not persons are free to ignore the natural order but to consider how to minister to those who wish to engage in the struggle to conform themselves to it—or those whom we hope to persuade to do so. Since entering into such conversations often requires a starting place in experience, we need an approach that will permit us to integrate human experience into a fuller account of the human person. The thesis of this article is that the account of the human person proposed by Pope St. John Paul II, as the philosopher Karol Wojtyła provides the answers we need. I demonstrate that his approach permits us to acknowledge the experience of actual existing persons without compromising the more properly “ontological” framework that we know reveals the unchanging truth about human personhood.2 I show that his account gives us the foothold we are seeking in our efforts to help those struggling with SSA.
Clinical Impact, Costs, and Cost-effectiveness of Expanded Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Testing in Massachusetts
Authors: Neilan Anne M , Losina Elena , Bangs Audrey C , Flanagan Clare , Panella Christopher , Eskibozkurt G Ege , Mohareb Amir , Hyle Emily P , Scott Justine A , Weinstein Milton C , Siedner Mark J , Reddy Krishna P , Harling Guy , Freedberg Kenneth A , Shebl Fatma M , Kazemian Pooyan , Ciaranello Andrea L 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
We projected the clinical and economic impact of alternative testing strategies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) incidence and mortality in Massachusetts using a microsimulation model.

Methods
We compared 4 testing strategies: (1) hospitalized: polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing only for patients with severe/critical symptoms warranting hospitalization; (2) symptomatic: PCR for any COVID-19–consistent symptoms, with self-isolation if positive; (3) symptomatic + asymptomatic once: symptomatic and 1-time PCR for the entire population; and (4) symptomatic + asymptomatic monthly: symptomatic with monthly retesting for the entire population. We examined effective reproduction numbers (Re = 0.9–2.0) at which policy conclusions would change. We assumed homogeneous mixing among the Massachusetts population (excluding those residing in long-term care facilities). We used published data on disease progression and mortality, transmission, PCR sensitivity/specificity (70%/100%), and costs. Model-projected outcomes included infections, deaths, tests performed, hospital-days, and costs over 180 days, as well as incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs, $/quality-adjusted life-year [QALY]).

Results
At Re = 0.9, symptomatic + asymptomatic monthly vs hospitalized resulted in a 64% reduction in infections and a 46% reduction in deaths, but required &gt;66-fold more tests/day with 5-fold higher costs. Symptomatic + asymptomatic monthly had an ICER &lt;$100 000/QALY only when Re ≥1.6; when test cost was ≤$3, every 14-day testing was cost-effective at all Re examined.

Conclusions
Testing people with any COVID-19–consistent symptoms would be cost-saving compared to testing only those whose symptoms warrant hospital care. Expanding PCR testing to asymptomatic people would decrease infections, deaths, and hospitalizations. Despite modest sensitivity, low-cost, repeat screening of the entire population could be cost-effective in all epidemic settings.
Risk Factors for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)–Associated Hospitalization: COVID-19–Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Ko Jean Y , Danielson Melissa L , Town Machell , Derado Gordana , Greenlund Kurt J , Kirley Pam Daily , Alden Nisha B , Yousey-Hindes Kimberly , Anderson Evan J , Ryan Patricia A , Kim Sue , Lynfield Ruth , Torres Salina M , Barney Grant R , Bennett Nancy M , Sutton Melissa , Talbot H Keipp , Hill Mary , Hall Aron J , Fry Alicia M , Garg Shikha , Kim Lindsay ,   COVID-NET Surveillance Team, Whitaker Michael , O’Halloran Alissa , Holstein Rachel , Garvin William , Chai Shua J , Kawasaki Breanna , Meek James , Openo Kyle P , Monroe Maya L , Henderson Justin , Como-Sabetti Kathy , Davis Sarah Shrum , Spina Nancy L , Felsen Christina B , West Nicole , Schaffner William , George Andrea 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Data on risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–associated hospitalization are needed to guide prevention efforts and clinical care. We sought to identify factors independently associated with COVID-19–associated hospitalizations.

Methods
Community-dwelling adults (aged ≥18 years) in the United States hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 during 1 March–23 June 2020 were identified from the COVID-19–Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET), a multistate surveillance system. To calculate hospitalization rates by age, sex, and race/ethnicity strata, COVID-NET data served as the numerator and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System estimates served as the population denominator for characteristics of interest. Underlying medical conditions examined included hypertension, coronary artery disease, history of stroke, diabetes, obesity, severe obesity, chronic kidney disease, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Generalized Poisson regression models were used to calculate adjusted rate ratios (aRRs) for hospitalization.

Results
Among 5416 adults, hospitalization rates (all reported as aRR [95% confidence interval]) were higher among those with ≥3 underlying conditions (vs without) (5.0 [3.9–6.3]), severe obesity (4.4 [3.4–5.7]), chronic kidney disease (4.0 [3.0–5.2]), diabetes (3.2 [2.5–4.1]), obesity (2.9 [2.3–3.5]), hypertension (2.8 [2.3–3.4]), and asthma (1.4 [1.1–1.7]), after adjusting for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Adjusting for the presence of an individual underlying medical condition, higher hospitalization rates were observed for adults aged ≥65 or 45–64 years (vs 18–44 years), males (vs females), and non-Hispanic black and other race/ethnicities (vs non-Hispanic whites).

Conclusions
Our findings elucidate groups with higher hospitalization risk that may benefit from targeted preventive and therapeutic interventions.
Scandcleft trial of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: Craniofacial cephalometrics at 8 years
Authors: Küseler Annelise , Heliövaara Arja , Mølsted Kirsten , Marcusson Agneta , Karsten Agneta , Bellardie Haydn , Sæle Paul , Brinck Eli , Skaare Pål , Rizell Sara , Chalien Midia Najar , Mooney Jeanette , Botticelli Susanna , Eyres Philip , Shaw William , Semb Gunvor 
Published: September 2020

Summary

Background
The Scandcleft trial is a randomized controlled trial that includes children with unilateral cleft lip and palate where registrations are standardized and therefore provides the opportunity to describe craniofacial characteristics in a very large sample of patients.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to describe craniofacial growth and morphology in a large study sample of 8-year-old children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP); before orthodontic treatment and before secondary alveolar bone grafting; and to compare the cephalometric values with age-matched non-cleft children from previous growth studies to identify the differences between untreated cleft- and non-cleft children.

Materials
There are 429 eight-year-old UCLP patients in the Scandcleft study group. A total of 408 lateral cephalograms with a mean age of 8.1 years were analysed. Cephalometric analyses were performed digitally. The results from three previously published growth studies on non-cleft children were used for comparison.

Results
Cephalometric analyses showed a large variation in craniofacial morphology among the UCLP group. In general, they present with significant maxillary retrusion and reduced intermaxillary relationships compared to the age-matched non-cleft children. In addition, the vertical jaw relationship was decreased, mainly due to decreased maxillary inclination. The upper and lower incisors were retroclined. It can be expected that these differences will increase in significance as the children age.

Conclusion
Results from this study provide proposed norms for the young UCLP before any orthodontic treatment and can be valuable for the clinician in future treatment planning.

Trial registration
ISRCTN29932826.
Challenges Experienced by Older People During the Initial Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Heid Allison R , Cartwright Francine , Wilson-Genderson Maureen , Pruchno Rachel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created unique stressors for older people to manage. Informed by the Stress Process Model and the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping, we examined the extent to which older people are adhering to physical distancing mandates and the pandemic-related experiences that older people find most challenging.

Research Design and Methods
From May 4 to May 17, 2020, a web-based questionnaire focused on the COVID-19 pandemic was completed by 1,272 people (aged 64 and older) who were part of an ongoing research panel in New Jersey recruited in 2006. Frequencies for endorsement of physical distancing behaviors were tabulated, and open-ended responses to the biggest challenge of the pandemic were systematically coded and classified using content analysis.

Results
More than 70% of participants reported adhering to physical distancing behaviors. Experiences appraised as most difficult by participants fell into 8 domains: Social Relationships, Activity Restrictions, Psychological, Health, Financial, Global Environment, Death, and Home Care. The most frequently appraised challenges were constraints on social interactions (42.4%) and restrictions on activity (30.9%).

Discussion and Implications
In the initial weeks of the pandemic, the majority of older adults reported adhering to COVID-19 physical distancing mandates and identified a range of challenging experiences. Results highlight the factors having the greatest impact on older adults, informing quantitative modeling for testing the impact of the pandemic on health and well-being outcomes, and identifying how intervention efforts may be targeted to maximize the quality of life of older adults.
Assessing the impact of fisheries-related mortality of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) caused by incidental bycatch in the dynamic Norwegian gillnet fisheries
Authors: Moan André , Skern-Mauritzen Mette , Vølstad Jon Helge , Bjørge Arne 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHarbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) bycatch for Norwegian commercial gillnet fisheries from 2006 to 2018 was estimated using a traditional ratio estimator and generalized additive linear mixed models, with weight of fish landed and number of gillnet hauls as proxies for fishing effort. Estimates were derived from data collected with a contracted reference fleet of small coastal vessels and scaled up to the whole fleet using data from landing statistics. Bycatch estimates exhibited large yearly variations, ranging from 1151 to 6144 porpoises per year. Bycatch estimates in 4 of the last 5 years were significantly less than in the preceding 2 years. The best ratio-based and model-based yearly bycatch estimates were 1580 porpoises [coefficient of variation, (C.V.) 0.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1302–1902] and 1642 porpoises (C.V. 0.15, 95% CI 1165–2142), respectively. About 75% of bycaught porpoises were taken in the cod (Gadus morhua) and monkfish (Lophius piscatorius) fisheries, while the rest were taken in a variety of different gillnet fisheries. Our results suggest that bycatch of harbour porpoise in Norwegian gillnet fisheries has been unsustainable for several of the last 13 years but are currently within international bycatch limits due to a recent reduction in monkfish fishing effort.