bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pembelajaran Gambar Bentuk Bagi Siswa Kelas IV SD Inpres Paccerakkang Kota Makassar
Authors: Maulida Ummul 
Published: July 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses pembelajaran dan hasil karya gambar bentuk siswa kelas IV SD Inpres Paccerakkang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survei dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Sampel penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa, yakni 1 orang guru kelas dan 33 orang siswa kelas IV C. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyusunan RPP, ketetapan unsur atau komponen RPP dapat dikategorikan sudah baik karena sudah tercantum pada RPP, dari segi penulisannya RPP ketepatan kata pada penulisan dan kerangka RPP sudah sesuai dengan standar proses pendidikan dasar dan menengah dengan RPP yang dibuat oleh guru, dapat diketahui bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran SBDP di SD Inpres Paccerakkang sudah baik. Hal ini juga terlihat dalam setiap indikator, dimana guru telah melakukan pembelajaran sesuai tahapan pembelajaran dengan baik. Hal tersebut sesuai dengan pernyataan bahwa kegiatan belajar berhubungan dengan kegiatan siswa dalam mempelajari bahan yang disampaikan guru. Sedangkan kegiatan mengajar berhubungan dengan cara guru menjelaskan bahan kepada siswa. Dari hasil observasi dapat disimpulkan cara guru menilai pembelajaran tematik, yakni penilaian di kelas mengikuti aturan penilaian mata pelajaran lain di sekolah dasar. Mengingat bahwa kemampuan menggambar siswa kelas IV C belum semuanya baik, maka cara penilaian tidak ditekankan pada penilaian secara tertulis, kemampuan menggambar bentuk memiliki beberapa aspek yaitu, kesuaian objek, komposisi, teknik, dan kerapian merupakan kemampuan yang harus dikuasai oleh siswa dalam menggambar bentuk. Penguasaan terhadap keempat aspek kemampuan tersebut adalah persyarat untuk mendapatkan hasil karya dan nilai baik dalam menggambar bentuk, penilaian dilakukan dengan mengacu pada indikator dari masing-masing kompetensi dasar hasil belajar dari mata pelajaran, penilaian dilakukan secara terus-menerus selama proses belajar mengajar berlangsung. Hasil/karya kerja siswa dapat digunakan sebagai masukan bagi guru dalam mengambil keputusan.
Exclusive Breastfeeding and Complementary Feeding Practices among Children in Slum of Pokhara
Authors: Sharma Dibya , Kafle Ramchandra 
Published: July 2020

Background: It is estimated that, on an average about 35% of infants 0 - 6 months old are exclusively breastfed around the world. Optimal breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices can save the lives of 1.5 million children under five every year. The condition is further worse in slum areas where vulnerable group of people resides. So, this study aims to assess prevalence on initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2017 - February 2018 among 400 married women having child between 6 - 24 months. A pre-tested structured questionnaire comprising of socio-demographic characteristics, exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding practice were used. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 18.0 version.
Results: About 55% of the mothers had initiated breastfeeding within an hour (<1 hour). About half (50.5%) had practiced exclusive breastfeeding to their children. More than fifty percentages (51.5%)of the mothers introduced complementary foods at 6 months. Age at pregnancy, mode of delivery, family size and colostrum feeding is associated with early initiation of breastfeeding at 95% CI i.e. p value <0.05. Whereas, age of mother, ethnicity, mode of delivery and initiation of breastfeeding were significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 95% CI i.e. p value <0.05.
Conclusions: The breastfeeding and complementary feeding practice in slum area is not optimal. Health awareness program focusing on early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding practices and timely introduction of complementary foods in these vulnerable groups of population is needed o prevent its untoward effects.
Keywords: complementary feeding; exclusive breastfeeding; initiation; malnutrition.
Intranasal Ectopic Tooth- A Rare Case Report
Authors: Koirala Krishna Prasad , Karki Bikram Babu , Maharjan Manita 
Published: July 2020

Presence of ectopic tooth in the nasal cavity of an adult is a rare phenomenon. Exact etiology of this condition is yet to be confirmed. We report a case of a 40-year-old woman, who presented to us with the history of left nasal obstruction of one-year duration along with pain in the left side of face revealing an on examination. Intranasal tooth was removed by surgical intervention with Luc’s forceps. The patient’s nasal obstruction and facial pain subsided after the treatment. We need to suspect an intranasal tooth when there is a white substance mimicking bone in the nasal cavity in patients presenting to us with facial pain and nasal obstruction
Keywords: intranasal tooth; nasal obstruction; surgical extraction
Analisis Faktor Kesulitan Belajar Pada Pembelajaran Matematika Ditinjau Melalui Kemampuan Koneksi Matematika
Authors: Rachmataha Vina 
Published: July 2020

This study aims to analyze the factors of mathematics learning difficulties in terms of mathematical connection skills in Banyuwangi, Bandongan, Magelang Elementary Schools. This research is a kind of descriptive research. The population in this study were all 5th grade elementary school students in the Banyuwangi sub-district. The sample of this study was all 5th grade students of all Banyuwangi villages which numbered 64 students. The sampling technique from the sampling study was saturated because the entire population was used in this study. The method of data collection is done by using diagnostic tests of mathematical connection skills, student interviews, and teacher observation. The research procedure begins with the preparation stage, then the implementation, and analysis / reflection. The results showed that the factors of mathematics learning difficulties in terms of the mathematical connection ability of elementary school students in Banyuwangi Subdistrict, the average value of the overall percentage showed a figure of 57.8% as the highest number, which is located in the low category. The percentage of categories is very low at 20.6%, moderate category 12.8%, and high category 8.9%. These results are supported by the results of student interviews and documentation of values that are in line with the results of the test. So, the ability to connect mathematics in elementary schools throughout the Banyuwangi Village is included in the low category. 93.6% of students find it difficult to find relationships from representations of systematic concepts and procedures. 59.3% of students have difficulty understanding the relationships between mathematical topics. 43.8% of students have not been able to use mathematics in solving problems in everyday life. 53.1% of students find it difficult to understand equivalent concept representations. 42.2% of students find it difficult to find a relationship between procedures with one another that is equal. 54.7% of students have difficulty using the connection between mathematics and mathematics itself and with other sciences.
Developing of The Causal Relationship Model of Factors Affecting Educational Quality of Primary Schools in Phetchaburi Province.
Authors: Lenanant Apichat 
Published: July 2020

The aim of this paper is to develop and confirm the causal relationship model of factors affecting educational quality of primary schools. The quality of school education is an important product that represents the future of the nation and influenced by the theory of administrators’ leadership, teacher leadership, and school culture. The sample used in this research were obtained by multi-stage random sampling from 138 elementary schools (According to the Krejcie & Morgan (1970: 607-610) sample size table. The respondents in schools consisted of 430 teacher (132 school administrators, 138 academic teachers and 160 teachers). The research instrument was 1 questionnaire that with the reliability of 0.98. The statistics used for data analysis were mean, standard deviation, kurtosis, skewness, Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient, and structural equation analysis with LISREL (8.80 student edition) program. The findings show that: 1) administrators’ leadership variables Influence through teacher leadership, and school culture on the quality of education of the school, 2) Teachers' leadership variables directly and indirectly affected through school culture variables on school quality variables, and 3) School culture variables directly affected on school quality variables.
Study of the Applicability of the Restriction Theory and the Value Stream Mapping in the Management of Processes of the Legal Practice Nucleus of a Law Faculty in Rondônia, Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Brito Souza Acsa Liliane , Nogueira Prof. Dr. Ricardo Jorge da Cunha Costa 
Published: July 2020

This article aims to discuss, based on the researcher’s observation during the years 2017 to 2019, about the flow of lawsuits from a Legal Practice Nucleus of a law faculty, in the city of Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil, highlighting the lawsuits of the family court, because these processes need urgency and usually take time in the elaboration of their pieces. This research will present a study on how the Value Stream Mapping and the Restriction Theory help to decrease or eliminate time losses in the process of this NPJ. For the development, used an analytical literature review methodology on the Restriction Theory and Value Stream Mapping. The research subjects were the agents involved in the activities of the NPJ and the data collected by the participant’s observation method.
Evaluation of reading comprehension questions in ELT Moroccan textbooks
Authors: Nakkam Jillali , Khamoja Abdesselam 
Published: July 2020

It has been well-documented that traditional teaching that emphasizes rote memorization is unable to meet the 21st-century challenges. Learners of today need to learn how to think for themselves and voice out their opinions. This can be achieved only by providing learners with teaching materials that promote skills of analysis, syntheses, and evaluation. The objective of this paper is to evaluate reading comprehension questions of Moroccan ELT textbooks, entitled Ticket to English 2 and Gateway to English 2. This paper seeks to examine the extent to which higher-order questions that stimulate thinking are infused in reading comprehension texts. The study adopted the descriptive quantitative method using a checklist. The checklist is used as an instrument to collect the data using Bloom's taxonomy to investigate the frequency of questions. The results obtained show that 77% of the questions in the first textbook and 84.12% of the questions in the second textbook are classified as being low-order questions. The questions that emphasize high cognitive skills are 23% and 14.78 respectively. Hence, it has been deduced that the two textbooks failed to promote skills of higher-order thinking skills through reading comprehension questions.
EXTRACTIVE RESERVES AND PUBLIC POLICIES INTENDED TO THE TRADITIONAL PEOPLES AND COMMUNITIES OF BRAZILIAN AMAZON
Authors: Santos Raul da Silveira , Oliveira Francisco Pereira de , Silva Jair Cecim da , Barros Silvia Helena Benchimol , Quadros João Plínio Ferreira de , Silva Elder José dos Santos 
Published: July 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, as políticas públicas desenvolvidas nas Reservas Extrativistas (RESEX [1]) da Amazônia brasileira, com foco principal em políticas educacionais e de saúde e reforma agrária. O principal referencial teórico-metodológico foi baseado na exploração da literatura, seguido de coleta de dados, em livros, documentos oficiais, artigos, teses e dissertações sobre o tema proposto. Posteriormente, foram realizadas análises de dados e produção textual. Os resultados revelam que, apesar das recentes melhorias, o Brasil ainda apresenta uma distribuição desequilibrada de sua riqueza ao considerar as populações rurais e florestais, principalmente em termos de direitos constitucionais como territorialidade, saúde e educação, decorrentes de decisões burocráticas que desconsideram o conhecimento dos povos tradicionais e comunidades.

[1] Com o objetivo de maior clareza, leitura fluida e pesquisa facilitada, as siglas foram mantidas em seu idioma original, enquanto nomes próprios, planos e órgãos foram traduzidos pelos autores deste artigo.
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ASSESSMENT OF THE DYNAMICS OF FEMORAL SHAFT DEFECT HEALING UNDER ANTITUMOR CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: Ryabenko T.V. , Korenkov A.V. 
Published: July 2020

An important problem in the treatment of cancer patients is the high incidence of bone fractures. According to the treatment protocols, the vast majority of such patients require long-term antitumor chemotherapy, thus, the processes of bone reparatation and regeneration occur against this background. The cases of fractures may be due to the development of osteoporosis in cancer and the occurrence of metastatic bone lesions. Bone fractures impair the quality of life of patients, result in the postponement or even discontinuation of further treatment of cancer patients. All this reduces the survival rate of such patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to establish the effect of antitumor chemotherapeutics on the processes of reparative bone regeneration. The study involved 52 white laboratory rats, which had a perforated defect in the middle third of the femoral shaft. The animals were divided into control and experimental groups.
Antitumor chemotherapeutics, which are the most often used in chemotherapy protocols in the treatment of cancer (doxorubicin for the first subgroup, 5-fluorouracil for the second subgroup, methotrexate for the third subgroup) were given to the animals of the experimental group on the second day since modelled injury and every twenty-first day of the experiment.
On the 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th days of the experiment, all animals in the control and experimental groups were check with computed tomography, which determined the optical density in the area of regeneration and the adjacent cortical layer of the maternal bone in Hounsfield units. Conclusions. CT assessment enables to quantify the state of the reparative process in the animals of the control and experimental groups, taking prescribed antitumor chemotherapy. In the animals of the control group, the timing and processes of bone reparative regeneration were not impacted. The CT demonstrated the preserved staging of bone callus formation, satisfactory X-ray morphological parameters (size, thickness of the callus). In the period from 45 to 60 days, according to CT, the complete consolidation of femoral fractures was visually observed. The difference between the parameters of the regenerated area and the maternal bone on the 60th day of the experiment indicated the incomplete process of bone remodelling. Reparative osteogenesis was not accompanied by the development of complications. In the animals of the experimental groups, there was a slowdown in the processes of reparative bone regeneration and an increase in its duration. Indices of callus formation on the background of antitumor chemotherapy were reduced that confirms the low optical density of regenerating area and maternal bone compared to the control group and their slow increase in the defect healing. Most of these changes were manifested during the course of methotrexate therapy.
INTERLEUKIN-6 CONTENTS IN SALIVA OF YOUNG CHILDREN WITH NORMAL AND OVERWEIGHT BODY MASS
Authors: Onyshchenko A. V. , Sheshukova O.V. , Mamontova T. V. 
Published: July 2020

The article presents the analysis of the relevant literature by international and national researches on the current state of obesity epidemic and discussed the evidence of the association between obesity and oral disease. The aim of the study was to assess the oral hygienic status and dietary habits of young schoolchildren with overweight and normal body weight and their correlation with dental caries. The study included 81 school children (1-4 primary years of the Poltava schools) aged 6-11 years. We studied anthropometric data and physical parameters, carried out dental check-up, determined saliva IL-6 content. Oral hygienic status was estimated using the simplified Green-Vermillion oral hygienic index (1964). Oral hygiene index in the children with excess body weight was unsatisfactory, while the children with normal body weight demonstrated satisfactory values. The results of the dental check-ups showed that caries prevalence made up 58.63% and 60.78% in the children with normal weight and overweight, respectively. Those figures did not differ significantly from the indicated age group of children with excessive and normal body weight. The study of the caries intensity showed that df + DMF index values were 1.48 ± 0.24 and 1 ± 0.54 in the children with normal body weight and 2.03 ± 0.36 and 1.25 ± 0.34 in the overweight children. In the children with normal body weight, the saliva IL-6 concentration was insignificantly higher and ranged from 6.12 ± 0.36 in the children with healthy periodontium, while in the children with gingivitis IL-6 concentration was 6.25 ± 0.33, which can be interpreted as early sensitive, albeit non-specific marker of inflammation, which manifests by clinical signs. The IL-6 concentration in the overweight children was within the range of 4.64 ± 0.26 (PMA = 0), and in this group of children with signs of inflammation was determined as slightly lower 4.46 ± 0.1, which may indicate stronger and more stable immune response.
Thus, according to the dental findings, the oral hygiene status in all children with normal body weight was unsatisfactory, while in the overweight children demonstrated satisfactory oral hygiene status. The prevalence of caries in the studied group of children corresponds to the city values. The study of caries intensity showed that in the children with normal body weight md + MDF index is 1.48 ± 0.24 and 1 ± 0.54, while for the overweight children this figure was 2.03 ± 0.36 and 1.25 ± 0.34. The saliva IL-6 values can be used as important diagnostic indicators and the evaluation of cytokine content in biological fluids helps to obtain information about present medical condition as well as prevent inflammatory periodontal diseases.
Sparse DFT Based Channel Estimation In OFDM Systems
Authors: Abboud Maryam K. , Sabbar Bayan M. 
Published: July 2020

Channel estimation is an essential part of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems. In this paper, two Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) improvement algorithms are proposed and compared where the 1st one exploits channel sparsity concept while the other considers significant channel coefficients only. In the proposed algorithms; Enhanced and Sparse DFT (E-DFT and S-DFT), different number of significant channel components is selected either by a threshold determining procedure such as in E-DFT, or through determining channel sparsity level such as in S-DFT. In the presence of Doppler frequency shifts, the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) effect on channel coefficients is successfully reduced using the proposed estimation algorithms. Vehicular A-ITU channel model is considered with a relatively high vehicle speed up to 68 Km/h in order to test the suitability of the proposed algorithms for mobile systems. E-DFT and S-DFT improves conventional as well as previous DFT improvement methods (I-DFT) suggested by [7], [8], [9], [15]. For 64 subcarriers, S-DFT outperforms E-DFT and I-DFT by about 3dB at a BER of 0.01 with a mobility reaches 45 Km/h, and by about 0.4dB and 2.5dB at a BER of 0.02 with a mobility reaches 68Km/h.
Diagnosis of Osteoporosis using modified U-net architecture with attention unit in DEXA and X-ray images
Authors: Nazia Fathima S.M. , Tamilselvi R. , Parisa Beham M. , Sabarinathan D. 
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis, a silent killing disease of fracture risk, is normally determined based on the bone mineral density (BMD) and T-score values measured in bone. However, development of standard algorithms for accurate segmentation and BMD measurement from X-ray images is a challenge in the medical field. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work is to more accurately measure BMD from X-ray images, which can overcome the limitations of the current standard technique to measure BMD using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) such as non-availability and inaccessibility of DEXA machines in developing countries. In addition, this work also attempts to analyze the DEXA scan images for better segmentation and measurement of BMD. METHODS: This work employs a modified U-Net with Attention unit for accurate segmentation of bone region from X-Ray and DEXA images. A linear regression model is developed to compute BMD and T-score. Based on the value of T-score, the images are then classified as normal, osteopenia or osteoporosis. RESULTS: The proposed network is experimented with the two internally collected datasets namely, DEXSIT and XSITRAY, comprised of DEXA and X-ray images, respectively. The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 88% on both datasets. The Dice score on DEXSIT and XSITRAY is 0.94 and 0.92, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our modified U-Net with attention unit achieves significantly higher results in terms of Dice score and classification accuracy. The computed BMD and T-score values of the proposed method are also compared with the respective clinical reports for validation. Hence, using the digitized X-Ray images can be used to detect osteoporosis efficiently and accurately.
Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi (Brassica junceea L.) Terhadap Pupuk Organik Cair Hasil Fermentasi Sabut Kelapa
Authors: Novianto Novianto , Effendy Iqbal , Aminurohman Aminurohman 
Published: July 2020

Sayuran sawi merupakan sayuran yang sudah terkenal di Indonesia karena mengandung nutrisi yang cukup baik sehingga bermanfaat bagi tubuh manusia dan dapat tumbuh baik pada dataran rendah maupun dataran tinggi. akan tetapi masih perlu upaya peningkatan produksi. Salah satu tindak agronomi untuk meningkatkan hasil tanaman sawi adalah dengan pemberian nutrisi berupa unsur hara seperti pupuk organic cair (POC) yang mudah dalam aplikasinya. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek dari masa atau waktu fermentasi sabut kelapa diperlukan dalam proses pembuatan pupuk organik cair (POC) terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil sawi. Percobaan ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) non faktorial, terdiri atas 6 taraf perlakuan waktu fermentasi sabut kelapa yaitu : 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 dan 35 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, perlakuan lamanya fermentasi sabut kelapa memberikan respon sangat signifikan terhadap jumlah daun, biomas segar, berat akar dan berat tajuk tanaman, serta memacu pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan lebar daun. Fermentasi sabut kelapa selama 35 hari memacu peningkatan terhadap semua parameter yang diamati.