bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparing culturally literate citizens through dialogue and argumentation: Rethinking citizenship education
Authors: Rapanta Chrysi , Vrikki Maria , Evagorou Maria 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCultural literacy, as a set of values and dispositions developed through dialogue and constructive argumentation with people representing different cultural identities, is an essential skillset of a twenty‐first‐century citizen in any part of today's world. Especially within the current European landscape of continuous immigration and change, the fluidity and rhetoricity of identity construction require a notion of citizenship education that can adapt to this dynamic process. Moreover, the practical aspects of being a citizen in its authentic, global, democratic sense are not sufficiently emphasized within current curricula. In this paper, we present an innovative citizenship education curriculum based on dialogic, argumentative and cultural literacy skills, which addresses this gap through proposing discursive practices of cultural identity construction at a collaborative level (small group or whole class) inspired by wordless texts (picture books and animated films) on core civic cultural values such as tolerance, empathy and inclusion. Through applying a design‐based research methodology with teachers from three education levels and four European countries, we conclude that dialogic lesson plans aiming at the development of cultural literacy dispositions can act as an innovative and adaptive citizenship education curriculum in diverse contexts.
Combined use of different antibody clones improves the efficiency of human leukocyte antigen B27 detection by flow cytometry
Authors: Baráth Sándor , Mezei Zoltán A. , Száraz‐Széles Marianna , Hevessy Zsuzsanna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundHuman leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA‐B27) is an major histocompatibility complex Class I cell surface antigen that shows strong association with spondylarthropathies. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the gold standard method for HLA‐B27 detection, monoclonal antibodies, and flow cytometric analysis is also frequently used. We aimed to compare the efficiency of two commercially available monoclonal antibody clones and the DuraClone kit that uses simultaneously these clones.MethodsBlood samples drawn from 63 patients were analyzed by flow cytometry and PCR. For flow cytometry analysis ABCm3 and FD705 clones were used for flow cytometry as well as the DuraClone Reagent Kit. Results of flow cytometric analysis were confirmed by PCR.ResultsNumbers of false‐positive and equivocal samples were high when ABCm3 or FD705 clones were used separately: 34 out of 63 and 27 out of 63, respectively. Simultaneous use of the two antibody clones and pre‐selection of CD3+ T cells, in the DuraClone kit, significantly decreased the number of these samples. Using the DuraClone kit, only 11 out of 63 samples were inconclusive. Influence of HLA‐B7 expression was detectable in some cases when ABCm3 and FD705 were used separately.ConclusionsOur results show that simultaneous use of HLA‐B27 monoclonal antibodies and pre‐selection of T cells significantly increased the specificity of the flow cytometric assay, however it did not reach the specificity of PCR. Nevertheless, based on our results, performing the PCR test exclusively in equivocal cases by DuraClone kit reduces the burden of PCR assays and the turn‐around time.
Emotion regulation strategy usage explains links between institutional caregiving and elevated internalizing symptoms
Authors: Waizman Yael H. , Méndez Leal Adriana S. , Guassi Moreira João F. , Saragosa‐Harris Natalie M. , Ninova Emilia , Silvers Jennifer A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEarly adversity, including institutional orphanage care, is associated with the development of internalizing disorders. Previous research suggests that institutionalization can disrupt emotion regulation processes, which contribute to internalizing symptoms. However, no prior work has investigated how early orphanage care shapes emotion regulation strategy usage (e.g., cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression) and whether the said strategy usage contributes to internalizing symptoms. This study probed emotion regulation strategy usage and internalizing symptoms in a sample of 36 previously institutionalized and 58 comparison youth. As hypothesized, previously institutionalized youth exhibited higher rates of internalizing symptoms than comparison youth, and more frequent use of suppression partially accounted for the relationship between early institutional care and elevated internalizing symptoms. Contrary to our initial hypotheses, reappraisal use did not buffer previously institutionalized or comparison youth against internalizing symptoms. Our findings highlight the potential utility of targeting emotion regulation strategy usage in adversity‐exposed youth in future intervention work.
Arene‐Immobilized Ru(II)/TsDPEN Complexes: Synthesis and Applications to the Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones
Authors: Doherty Simon , Knight Julian G. , Alshaikh Hind , Wilson James , Waddell Paul G. , Wills Corinne , Dixon Casey M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Noyori‐Ikariya (arene)Ru(II)/TsDPEN precatalyst has been anchored to amorphous silica and DAVISIL through the η6‐coordinated arene ligand via a straightforward synthesis and the derived systems, (arene)Ru(II)/TsDPEN@silica and (arene)Ru(II)/TsDPEN@DAVISIL, form highly efficient catalysts for the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of a range of electron‐rich and electron‐poor aromatic ketones, giving good conversion and excellent ee's under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, catalyst generated in situ immediately prior to addition of substrate and hydrogen donor, by reaction of silica‐supported [(arene)RuCl2]2 with (S,S)‐TsDPEN, was as efficient as that generated from its preformed counterpart [(arene)Ru{(S,S)‐TsDPEN}Cl]@silica. Gratifyingly, the initial TOFs (up to 1085 h−1) and ee's (96–97 %) obtained with these catalysts either rivalled or outperformed those previously reported for catalysts supported by either silica or polymer immobilized through one of the nitrogen atoms of TsDPEN. While the high ee's were also maintained during recycle studies, the conversion dropped steadily over the first three runs due to gradual leaching of the ruthenium.
Mechanistic Vistas of Trivalent Nitrogen Compound Reduction by Samarium Diiodide
Authors: Maity Sandeepan , Hoz Shmaryahu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn trivalent nitrogen compounds, the nitrogen lone pair is highly amenable to bind to samarium iodide prior to electron transfer. As SmI2 is more azaphilic than oxophilic, its affinity to the nitrogen lone pair is more pronounced in aza substrates than in the analogous carbonyl compounds. The impact of this binding is very large in terms of reaction rate and at the same time gives rise to unique mechanistic phenomena, which include unusual kinetic rate orders, catalysis by quantum dots, and remote functionalization. Even reduction of nitriles was found to be affected by this coordination to SmI2. This review focuses on the reduction mechanisms of three groups of compounds: imines, azobenzene, and nitriles.
The Riveting Chemistry of Poly‐aza‐heterocycles Employing Microwave Technique: A Decade Review
Authors: Soni Jay Prakash , Joshi Swanand Vinayak , Chemitikanti Krishna Sowjanya , Shankaraiah Nagula 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe application of microwave technique in chemical laboratory rooted back in 1986 and found advantageous over conventional approaches. On the other side, poly‐aza‐heterocycles are influencing organic frameworks with a fascinating chemistry and well explored by employing microwave‐assisted organic reactions. In the present review, we have thoroughly updated rousing literatures of microwave‐assisted synthesis and reactions of various poly‐aza‐heterocycles viz., triazole, tetrazole, triazine, and tetrazine from the past decade (2010–2020). The expedient chemistry and enabling role of microwave heating for adequate chemical transformations of such heterocycles, which were more challenging using classical approaches, are appropriately elucidated. This review also highlights the potential applications of these heterocyclic scaffolds and their derivatives in different scientific domains. Remarkably, such chemical architects possess wide applications as crucial building blocks in synthesis of biologically relevant compounds, agrochemicals, and compounds of interest in material science.
Cortico‐striato‐thalamo‐cerebellar networks of structural covariance underlying different epilepsy syndromes associated with generalized tonic–clonic seizures
Authors: Xu Qiang , Zhang Qirui , Yang Fang , Weng Yifei , Xie Xinyu , Hao Jingru , Qi Rongfeng , Gumenyuk Valentina , Stufflebeam Steven M , Bernhardt Boris C. , Lu Guangming , Zhang Zhiqiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGeneralized tonic–clonic seizures (GTCS) are the severest and most remarkable clinical expressions of human epilepsy. Cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar structures, organized with different network patterns, underlying the pathophysiological substrates of genetic associated epilepsy with GTCS (GE‐GTCS) and focal epilepsy associated with focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizure (FE‐FBTS). Structural covariance analysis can delineate the features of epilepsy network related with long‐term effects from seizure. Morphometric MRI data of 111 patients with GE‐GTCS, 111 patients with FE‐FBTS and 111 healthy controls were studied. Cortico‐striato‐thalao‐cerebellar networks of structural covariance within the gray matter were constructed using a Winner‐take‐all strategy with five cortical parcellations. Comparisons of structural covariance networks were conducted using permutation tests, and module effects of disease duration on networks were conducted using GLM model. Both patient groups showed increased connectivity of structural covariance relative to controls, mainly within the striatum and thalamus, and mostly correlated with the frontal, motor, and somatosensory cortices. Connectivity changes increased as a function of epilepsy durations. FE‐FBTS showed more intensive and extensive gray matter changes with volumetric loss and connectivity increment than GE‐GTCS. Our findings implicated cortico‐striato‐thalamo‐cerebellar network changes at a large temporal scale in GTCS, with FE‐FBTS showing more severe network disruption. The study contributed novel imaging evidence for understanding the different epilepsy syndromes associated with generalized seizures.
Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 deteriorates liver cancer via microRNA‐18b‐5p/LIM‐only 4 axis
Authors: Chen Wei , Huang Li , Liang Junhua , Ye Yingjian , Yu Sihao , Zhang Yijing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExtensive studies have explored the involvements of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in liver cancer. Limitedly, the concrete function of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) is still elusive. Therefore, the work was initiated to unearth SNHG15‐oriented mechanism in liver cancer. Liver cancer tissues were resected. The connection between SNHG15 expression with prognosis and clinicopathological traits of liver cancer patients was evaluated. Liver cancer cells SMMC‐7721 were transfected with restored microRNA (miR)‐18b‐5p or depleted SNHG15 to discover their effects on the proliferation, migration, invasion, cycle arrest, and apoptosis of SMMC‐7721 cells. The transfected SMMC‐7721 cells were injected into nude mice for further investigation. SNHG15, miR‐18b‐5p, and LIM‐only 4 (LMO4) expressions in tissues and cells were tested. The regulatory connections among SNHG15, miR‐18b‐5p, and LMO4 were detected. SNHG15 and LMO4 were overexpressed while miR‐18b‐5p was downregulated in liver cancer tissues and cells. Up‐regulated SNHG15 was connected with inferior prognosis and aggressive behaviors of liver cancer patients. SNHG15 knockdown or miR‐18b‐5p restoration depressed SMMC‐7721 cell growth in vivo and in vitro. SNHG15 bound to miR‐18b‐5p and miR‐18b‐5p targeted LMO4. The work has illuminated that silencing SNHG15 represses liver cancer progression by modulating miR‐18b‐5p and LMO4, indicating the therapeutic potency of SNHG15/miR‐18b‐5p/LMO4 axis in liver cancer.
Gallic acid‐gold nanoparticles enhance radiation‐induced cell death of human glioma U251 cells
Authors: Jing Zhou , Li Minghe , Wang Hongyuan , Yang Zhuo , Zhou Shaolong , Ma Jian , Meng Enping , Zhang Hengwei , Liang Wulong , Hu Weihua , Wang Xinjun , Fu Xudong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is among the most common adult brain tumors with invariably fatal character. Following the limited conventional therapies, almost all patients, however, presented with symptoms at the time of recurrence. It is dire to develop novel therapeutic strategies to improve the current treatment of GBM. Gallic acid is a well‐established antioxidant, presenting a promising new selective anti‐cancer drug, while gold nanoparticles (GNPs) can be developed as versatile nontoxic carriers for anti‐cancer drug delivery. Here, we prepared gallic acid‐GNPs (GA‐GNPs) by loading gallic acid onto GNPs, reduction products of tetrachloroauric acid by sodium citrate, through physical and agitation adsorption. GA‐GNPs, rather than GNPs alone, significantly inhibited the survival of U251 GBM cells, as well as enhanced radiation‐induced cell death. Moreover, GA‐GNPs plus radiation arrested the cell cycle of U251 at the S and G2/M phases and triggered apoptotic cell death, which is supported by increased BAX protein levels and decreased expression of BCL‐2. Thus, GA‐GNPs have great potential in the combination with radiation therapy in future studies for GBM treatment.
N6‐methyladenosine modification of circular RNA circ‐ARL3 facilitates Hepatitis B virus‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma via sponging miR‐1305
Authors: Rao Xi , Lai Lingling , Li Xiaopeng , Wang Liang , Li Ai , Yang Qian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), whether circular RNA (circRNA) is involved in this process remains unknown. In this study, we performed circRNA microarray profile and found an HBV‐related circRNA, circ‐ARL3 (hsa_circ_0092493). Stable knockdown of circ‐ARL3 inhibited the proliferation and invasion of HBV+ HCC cells. High circ‐ARL3 was positively correlated with malignant clinical features and poor prognosis. In terms of mechanism, HBx protein upregulated N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferases METTL3 expression, increasing the m6A modification of circ‐ARL3; then, m6A reader YTHDC1 bound to m6A‐modified of circ‐ARL3 and favored its reverse splicing and biogenesis. Furthermore, circ‐ARL3 was able to sponge miR‐1305, antagonizing the inhibitory effects of miR‐1305 on a cohort of target oncogenes, thereby promoting HBV+ HCC progression. Importantly, depletion of circ‐ARL3 significantly retarded HBV+ HCC cell growth in vivo, whereas this effect was evidently blocked after silencing of miR‐1305. Collectively, our data suggest that circ‐ARL3 is a critical regulator in HBV‐related HCC, targeting the axis of circ‐ARL3/miR‐1305 may be a promising treatment for HBV+ HCC patients.
Vibrio cholerae biofilm scaffolding protein RbmA shows an intrinsic, phosphate‐dependent autoproteolysis activity
Authors: Maestre‐Reyna Manuel , Huang Wei‐Cheng , Wu Wen‐Jin , Singh Praveen K. , Hartmann Raimo , Wang Po‐Hsun , Lee Cheng‐Chung , Hikima Takaaki , Yamamoto Masaki , Bessho Yoshitaka , Drescher Knut , Tsai Ming‐Daw , Wang Andrew H.‐J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVibrio cholerae is the causative agent of the diarrheal disease cholera, for which biofilm communities are considered to be environmental reservoirs. In endemic regions, and after algal blooms, which may result from phosphate enrichment following agricultural runoff, the bacterium is released from biofilms resulting in seasonal disease outbreaks. However, the molecular mechanism by which V. cholerae senses its environment and switches lifestyles from the biofilm‐bound state to the planktonic state is largely unknown. Here, we report that the major biofilm scaffolding protein RbmA undergoes autocatalytic proteolysis via a phosphate‐dependent induced proximity activation mechanism. Furthermore, we show that RbmA mutants that are defective in autoproteolysis cause V. cholerae biofilms to grow larger and mechanically stronger, correlating well with the observation that RbmA stability directly affects microbial community homeostasis and rheological properties. In conclusion, our biophysical study characterizes a novel phosphate‐dependent breakdown pathway of RbmA, while microbiological data suggest a new, sensory role of this biofilm scaffolding element.
Changes in left ventricular function induced by carboplatin combined with paclitaxel in patients with ovarian cancer identified using three‐dimensional spot tracking imaging technology
Authors: Zhai Zijing , Qin Wenjuan , Wang Zhen , Dong Shanshan , Guo Xueting , Zhang Caiyun , Wang Zhong , Lu Guilin , Huang Lei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value of three‐dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D‐STI) in evaluating left ventricular (LV) systolic function in patients with ovarian cancer (OC) treated with paclitaxel and carboplatin.MethodWe studied 30 patients with OC treated with paclitaxel combined with carboplatin chemotherapy. Two‐dimensional echocardiography and 3D‐STI were performed in the patients before they underwent 2‐ and 6‐cycle chemotherapies, and in 30 normal control subjects. Were measured LV end‐diastolic volume (EDV), end‐systolic volume (ESV), three‐dimensional LV ejection fraction (3D‐LVEF), stroke volume (SV), spherical index (SPI), LV end‐diastolic mass (LV EDmass), LV end‐systolic mass (LV ESmass), LV global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), global radial strain (GRS), global area strain (GAS) and cardiac troponin T(cTnT). At the end of chemotherapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was also performed.ResultThe 3D conventional strain values (3D‐LVEF, SV, LV EDV) after the 2‐ and 6‐cycle chemotherapy were lower than before chemotherapy. LV Edmass, LV ESmass and cTnT were higher while LV GLS, GCS, GRS, GAS were lower after 2‐ and after 6‐cycle chemotherapy than before chemotherapy. There was no significant difference in ESV and EDV between the 3D‐STI and MRI parameters. GAS showed a significant negative correlation with cTnT. MRI and 3D‐STI variables were significantly correlated, and the receiver operating characteristic curves showed the greater area under the curve for GAS after 2‐ and after 6‐cycle chemotherapy. After 2‐cycle chemotherapy, the highest specificity for GAS was 93.3%, and the highest sensitivity for GLS was 70.0%. After 6‐cycle chemotherapy, the highest specificity for GAS was 96.7%, and the highest sensitivity for GLS was 96.7%.ConclusionThe LV systolic function decreased in OC patients treated with paclitaxel and carboplatin, showing that 3D‐STI may detect early LV systolic dysfunction.
Conventional peritoneal cytology lacks the prognostic significance of detecting local or peritoneal recurrence in colorectal cancer: An Egyptian experience
Authors: Shalaby Mohamed , El Baradie Tarek S , Salama Mohamed , Shaaban Hebat A M , Allam Rasha M , Hafiz Ehab O.A. , Abdelhamed Mohamed Aly , Attia Amr 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimColorectal cancer (CRC) accounts for over 8% of all deaths each year, with 1.2 million new cases diagnosed annually worldwide. It represents the seventh most common cancer in Egypt. Early detection of peritoneal metastasis is a major challenge in such cases. It helps with the decision of the immediate application of intraperitoneal chemotherapy after resection. Meta‐analysis studies reported contrast evidence for a possible prognostic role of intraperitoneal free cancer cells (IPCCs) in peritoneal recurrence and survival after curative resection. In this work, we aim to evaluate the prevalence and impact of detecting free malignant cells in peritoneal fluid on survival and local recurrence and to estimate the incidence of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) during follow up.MethodsDesign: This was a prospective cohort study. Settings: From June 2016 to December 2018, samples were collected from 104 patients who underwent abdominal surgery for colorectal cancer in the Egyptian National Cancer Institute. A total of 96 Egyptian CRC patients who underwent curative resection were enrolled. Intraoperative peritoneal lavage was performed to detect IPCC by conventional cytology. Patients with no residual tumor after surgery and no evidence of PC were followed up for a median 14 months. The cumulative 12‐month overall survival rate for patients with IPCC was 100% versus 86% for patients with negative cytology.ResultsOur results demonstrated that the prevalence of IPCC in the peritoneal lavage was 11.5%. Peritoneal and local recurrence occurred at a higher rate in patients with cytology positive lavage (9.1% vs 6.3% and 9.1% vs 3.8%, respectively), although this was statistically insignificant. Distant metastasis occurred significantly in patients with positive cytology (45.5% vs 8.9%) with P‐value <0.001.The conventional cytology technique has a high specificity but less sensitivity.ConclusionsThe presence of IPCC using conventional cytology was not an independent prognostic factor for the development of PC or survival.
Approaches to transitioning women into and out of prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV services for continued ART: a systematic review
Authors: Phillips Tamsin K , Teasdale Chloe A , Geller Amanda , Ng'eno Bernadette , Mogoba Pheposadi , Modi Surbhi , Abrams Elaine J 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionWomen living with HIV are required to transition into the prevention of mother‐to‐child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services when they become pregnant and back to ART services after delivery. Transition can be a vulnerable time when many women are lost from HIV care yet there is little guidance on the optimal transition approaches to ensure continuity of care. We reviewed the available evidence on existing approaches to transitioning women into and out of PMTCT, outcomes following transition and factors influencing successful transition.MethodsWe searched PubMed and SCOPUS, as well as abstracts from international HIV‐focused meetings, from January 2006 to July 2020. Studies were included that examined three points of transition: pregnant women already on ART into PMTCT (transition 1), pregnant women living with HIV not yet on ART into treatment services (transition 2) and postpartum women from PMTCT into general ART services after delivery (transition 3). Results were grouped and reported as descriptions of transition approach, comparison of outcomes following transition and factors influencing successful transition.Results & discussionOut of 1809 abstracts located, 36 studies (39 papers) were included in this review. Three studies included transition 1, 26 transition 2 and 17 transition 3. Approaches to transition were described in 26 studies and could be grouped into the provision of information at the point of transition (n = 8), strengthened communication or linkage of data between services (n = 4), use of transition navigators (n = 12), and combination approaches (n = 4). Few studies were designed to directly assess transition and only nine compared outcomes between transition approaches, with substantial heterogeneity in study design, setting and outcomes. Four themes were identified in 25 studies reporting on factors influencing successful transition: fear, knowledge and preparedness, clinic characteristics and the transition requirements and process.ConclusionsThis review highlights that, despite the need for women to transition into and out of PMTCT services for continued ART in many settings, there is very limited evidence on optimal transition approaches. Ongoing operational research is required to identify sustainable and acceptable transition approaches and service delivery models that support continuity of HIV care during and after pregnancy.