bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosthetic treatment patterns in the very old: an insurance database analysis from Northeast Germany
Authors: Hempel Fabian M. , Krois Joachim , Paris Sebastian , Beuer Florian , Kuhlmey Adelheid , Schwendicke Falk 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objectives
We assessed dental prosthetic services utilization in very old Germans.

Methods
A comprehensive sample of 404,610 very old (≥ 75 years), insured at one large statutory insurer (Allgemeine Ortskrankenkasse Nordost, acting in the federal states Berlin, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern), were followed over 6 years (2012–2017). Our outcome was the utilization of prosthetic services, in total and seven subgroups: (1) Crowns/partial crowns, (2) fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), (3) partial removable prostheses (RDPs), (4) full RDPs, (5) temporary services, (6) relining/rebasing/repairing/extending RDPs, (7) repairing FDPs. Association of utilization with (1) gender, (2) age, (3) region, (4) social hardship status, (5) ICD-10 diagnoses and (6) German diagnoses related groups (G-DRG) was explored.

Results
The mean (SD) age of the sample was 81.9 (5.4) years; mean follow-up was 1689 (705) days. The mean utilization of any prosthetic service was 27.0%; the most often utilized service type were total RDPs (13.2% utilization), crowns (8.1%), and partial RDPs (7.1%). Utilization decreased with age for nearly all services (except relining/rebasing/repairing/extending RDPs) Utilization of prosthetic services was significantly higher in Berlin and most cities compared with rural municipalities and in individuals with common, less severe conditions according to ICD-10 and DRGs compared with life-threatening conditions or dementia. In multivariable analysis, gender (OR; 95% CI: 0.95; 0.93–0.98), social hardship status (1.19; 1.17–1.21), federal state (Brandenburg 0.57; 0.56–0.59; Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: 0.66; 0.64–0.67) and age significantly affected utilization (0.95; 0.95–0.95/year).

Conclusions
Patient-related and healthcare factors determine the utilization of prosthetic services in very old Germans. Interventions to maintain sufficient prosthetic care up to high age are required.

Clinical significance
The utilization of prosthetic services in the very old in Northeast Germany showed significant disparities within populations and service types. There seems to be great need to better understand the drivers of utilization, and to develop and evaluate interventions to maintain sufficient prosthetic care up to high age.
Indirect (hydrogen-driven) electrodeposition of porous silver onto a palladium membrane
Authors: Kanyanee Tinakorn , Fletcher Philip J. , Madrid Elena , Marken Frank 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHydrogen permeation through a pure palladium film (25 μm thickness, optically dense) is employed to trigger electron transfer (hydrogen-driven) reactions at the external palladium | aqueous electrolyte interface of a two-compartment electrochemical cell. Two systems are investigated to demonstrate feasibility for (i) indirect hydrogen-mediated silver electrodeposition with externally applied potential and (ii) indirect hydrogen-mediated silver electrodeposition driven by external formic acid decomposition. In both cases, porous metal deposits form as observed by optical and electron microscopies. Processes are self-limited as metal deposition blocks the palladium surface and thereby slows down further hydrogen permeation. The proposed methods could be employed for a wider range of metals, and they could provide an alternative (non-electrochemical or indirect) procedure for metal removal or metal recovery processes or for indirect metal sensing.
Significance of Beta-Band Oscillations in Autism Spectrum Disorders During Motor Response Inhibition Tasks: A MEG Study
Authors: Moliadze Vera , Brodski-Guerniero Alla , Schuetz Magdalena , Siemann Julia , Lyzhko Ekaterina , Schlitt Sabine , Kitzerow Janina , Langer Anne , Kaiser Jochen , Naumer Marcus J. , Wibral Michael , Chan Jason , Freitag Christine M. , Siniatchkin Michael 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), impaired response inhibition and lack of adaptation are hypothesized to underlie core ASD symptoms, such as social communication and repetitive, stereotyped behavior. Thus, the aim of the present study was to compare neural correlates of inhibition, post-error adaptation, and reaction time variability in ASD and neuro-typical control (NTC) participants by investigating possible differences in error-related changes of oscillatory MEG activity. Twelve male NTC (mean age 20.3 ± 3.7) and fourteen male patients with ASD (mean age 17.8 ± 2.9) were included in the analysis. Subjects with ASD showed increased error-related reaction time variability. MEG analysis revealed decreased beta power in the ASD group in comparison to the NTC group over the centro-parietal channels in both, the pre-stimulus and post-response interval. In the ASD group, mean centro-parietal beta power negatively correlated with dimensional autism symptoms. In both groups, false alarms were followed by an early increase in temporo-frontal theta to alpha power; and by a later decrease in alpha to beta power at central and posterior sensors. Single trial correlations were additionally studied in the ASD group, who showed a positive correlation of pre-stimulus beta power with post-response theta, alpha, and beta power, particularly after hit trials. On a broader scale, the results deliver important insights into top-down control deficits that may relate to core symptoms observed in ASD.
Crop yield after 5 decades of contrasting residue management
Authors: Piccoli I. , Sartori F. , Polese R. , Berti A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe benefits of soil organic input on crop yields have long been discussed, yet details of their relationship remain controversial. This study considers the effects of different residue management on crop performance as assessed by yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Three residue management (residue removal, residue incorporation, and residue incorporation + added poultry manure), combined with five levels of N application, were studied in a long-term experiment starting in 1966. Crop residue incorporation improved maize yield by 12% (nutritional effect) and sugar beet yield by 16% (non-nutritional), and the combination of crop residue incorporation with added poultry manure increased both winter wheat and sugar beet yields by 8% (nutritional effect). The NUE values of mineral fertiliser were almost three-fold those of residues and the combination of residue with poultry manure, except in sugar beet and maize, where NUE of mineral fertilizer approached those observed for residues (0.44 vs 0.45, on average). In wheat, NUE for residue incorporation with added poultry manure was nearly double the NUE for residues alone. Residue management effects depended on crop type; spring-sown crops showing stronger effects than those sown in autumn. Residues primarily produced a nutritional effect, suggesting that they decomposed within 1 year. While residue use offers little potential for soil improvement, it does reduce the need for fertilisers.
Forward Gravity Modelling to Augment High-Resolution Combined Gravity Field Models
Authors: Ince E. Sinem , Abrykosov Oleh , Förste Christoph , Flechtner Frank 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDuring the last few years, the determination of high-resolution global gravity field has gained momentum due to high-accuracy satellite-derived observations and development of forward gravity modelling. Forward modelling computes the global gravitational field from mass distribution sources instead of actual gravity measurements and helps improving and complementing the medium to high-frequency components of the global gravity field models. In this study, we approximate the global gravity potential of the Earth’s upper crust based on ellipsoidal approximation and a mass layer concept. Such an approach has an advantage of spectral methods and also avoids possible instabilities due to the use of a sequence of thin ellipsoidal shells. Lateral density within these volumetric shells bounded by confocal lower and upper shell ellipsoids is used in the computation of the ellipsoidal harmonic coefficients which are then transformed into spherical harmonic coefficients on the Earth’s surface in the final step. The main outcome of this research is a spectral representation of the gravitatioal potential of the Earth’s upper crust, computed up to degree and order 3660 in terms of spherical harmonic coefficients (ROLI_EllApprox_SphN_3660). We evaluate our methodology by comparing this model with other similar forward models in the literature which show sub-cm agreement in terms of geoid undulations. Finally, EIGEN-6C4 is augmented by ROLI_EllApprox_SphN_3660 and the gravity field functionals computed from the expanded model which has about 5 km half-wavelength spatial resolution are compared w.r.t. ground-truth data in different regions worldwide. Our investigations show that the contribution of the topographic model increases the agreement up to ~ 20% in the gravity value comparisons.
The MTST Politics of Social Rights: Counter-Conducts, Acts of Citizenship and a Radical Struggle Beyond Housing
Authors: Fierro Alberto 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Brazilian Movimento dos Trabalhadores sem Teto (MTST)—Homeless Workers’ Movement—is a social movement that struggles for housing and for a radical transformation of capitalistic socio-economic relations. The present paper offers a problematization of the movement’s plea to social rights. They are part of the movement’s discourse and strategy. However, the activists’ objective is more radical: they aim at a complete transformation of the Brazilian economy and society. By first discussing two sets of literatures—Critical Legal Theory and Governmentality Studies—this article illustrates the complexity and the ambivalences of a radical politics of rights. Then, by contrasting my ongoing ethnographic research with the work of James Holston and Lucy Earle, I discuss the relevance of a citizenship framework for the MTST’s struggle. Finally, inspired by Foucault’s concept of counter-conducts, the article argues that the movement’s politics of rights represents an effective tactic to contrast neoliberal governmentality and to create radical democratic spaces of struggle and collective resistance.
Access and allocation in global biodiversity governance: a review
Authors: Coolsaet Brendan , Dawson Neil , Rabitz Florian , Lovera Simone 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAccess and allocation is one of the five analytical themes of the science plan of the Earth System Governance (ESG) project. Concerns over access and allocation are at the core of struggles and conflicts brought about by the often ineluctable trade-offs related to biodiversity conservation and the global, national and local governance systems that aim to contribute to global biodiversity conservation. Access and benefit-sharing mechanisms, integrated conservation and development projects, payments for ecosystem services or community conservation programmes have all tried balancing environmental objectives with concerns for the allocation of natural resources and associated rights within society, and for access to basic human needs. As a contribution to this special issue on access and allocation, this paper aims to contribute to the analysis of the relevance of questions of access and allocation to ESG by providing an in-depth review of the literature on access and allocation in biodiversity conservation at different scales. We describe how the concepts of access and allocation have been used and conceptualized in the literature produced between 2008 and 2018, and we discuss the two key issues which dominate the literature (1) benefit-sharing; and (2) the role of local institutions. By drawing on the trends and evidence from the literature, we consider the lessons for the next generation of ESG scholars and draw out some key policy implications to be included in the debates on the post-2020 strategic plan for biodiversity.
Picornavirus Cellular Remodeling: Doubling Down in Response to Viral-Induced Inflammation
Authors: Bouin Alexis , Semler Bert L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To highlight recent findings on how picornavirus infections of the airways and cardiac tissues impact cellular inflammation and remodeling events.

Recent Findings
Recent published work has revealed that although many picornavirus infections appear to be initially asymptomatic, there are significant disease sequelae that result from chronic or persistent infections and the long-term, pathogenic effects on host tissues.

Summary
Because many acute picornavirus infections are asymptomatic, it is difficult to diagnose these pathologies at the early stages of disease. As a result, we must rely on preventative measures (i.e., vaccination) or discover novel treatments to reverse tissue damage and remodeling in affected individuals. Both of these strategies will require a comprehensive knowledge of virus- and cell-specific replication determinants and how these processes induce pathogenic effects in infected cells and tissues.
Male Figural Rating Scales: A Critical Review of the Literature
Authors: Talbot Daniel , Cass John , Smith Evelyn 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFigural rating scales are tools used to measure male body dissatisfaction. The present review aimed to examine the design and psychometric properties of male figural rating scales and make recommendations based on findings. Relevant databases were systematically searched for studies that had developed and validated male figural rating scales. Twenty studies were included in this review. Figural rating scales differed in terms of the number of images represented and type of stimuli used (hand-drawn silhouettes, hand-drawn figures, computer-rendered figures, and photograph figures). Reliability and validity evidence varied greatly in strength across all scales. Four of the 20 scales included a correlational analysis between figural rating scale scores and eating disorder symptoms. Results showed the moderate to high positive correlations between eating disorder symptoms and figural rating scale perceived and index scores, suggesting that figural rating scales are sensitive to detecting eating disorder symptoms. Ideally, male figural rating scales should show strong validity and reliability, include variations in both body fat and muscularity, utilise realistic body stimuli, and be interval scales. No existing male figural rating scale meets these criteria. However, this review identifies five figural rating scales that meet the majority of the recommended criteria.
Motivational connections in language classrooms: A research agenda
Authors: Henry Alastair 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWith roots in social psychology, second language (L2) motivation has largely been investigated using self-report techniques. Studies drawing on observational data gathered in contexts where learning takes place are rare, and understandings of how motivation evolves in classroom interactions remain limited (Boo, Dörnyei, & Ryan, 2015). In a position paper in Language Teaching, Ushioda (2016) maps out an agenda for qualitative research examining motivation that emerges in language classrooms. With a focus on psycholinguistic processes, and with the aim of understanding how motivation ‘connects with specific aspects of second language acquisition [and] particular features of linguistic development’, Ushioda makes the case for researching L2 motivation ‘through a small lens’ (p. 564). Furthering this agenda, I make proposals for research with a relational focus where, through a somewhat wider lens, motivation and engagement generated through connections created by teachers in their classroom practice can be investigated. To frame these proposals, I use the concept of connective instruction (Martin & Dowson, 2009). Connective instruction holds that motivation and engagement increase when students can connect with the teacher as a person, with content that the teacher enables them to get involved with, and with the working methods that the teacher promotes.
Preconception and perinatal predictors of offspring attachment disorganization: Advancing the replicated evidence
Authors: McIntosh Jennifer E. , Schnabel Alexandra , Youssef George J. , Olsson Craig A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAttachment disorganization in early childhood is an influential yet modifiable risk factor for later mental health problems. Beyond established transmission through parents’ unresolved attachment representations and caregiving sensitivity, little replicated evidence exists for wider determinants of offspring attachment disorganization. This study examined the replicated evidence for psychosocial risk factors in the preconception, prenatal, and postnatal periods. We identified all relevant longitudinal studies, and examined all risk relationships for which evidence existed in two or more cohorts (48 effects, 17 studies, N = 6,099). Study-specific and pooled risk associations were estimated and a range of moderators evaluated. Mothers’ low socioeconomic status (r = .28, k = 2), perinatal loss of a child (r = .26, k = 2), caregiving intrusiveness (r = .31, k = 2), and infant male sex (r = .26, k = 4) predicted offspring attachment disorganization. Maternal sensitivity (r = –.25, k = 6) and higher metacognition during pregnancy (r = –.23, k = 3) predicted lower risk of offspring attachment disorganization. Findings suggest the origins of offspring disorganized attachment include but extend beyond maternal unresolved attachment representations and caregiving. We discuss implications for theory and for identification of modifiable risk pathways in the perinatal window.
Appropriate heart rate during exercise in Fontan patients
Authors: Hedlund Eva R. , Söderström Liselott , Lundell Bo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjective:To evaluate heart rate against workload and oxygen consumption during exercise in Fontan patients.Method:Fontan patients (n = 27) and healthy controls (n = 25) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing with linear increase of load. Heart rate and oxygen uptake were measured during tests. Heart rate recovery was recorded for 10 minutes.Results:Heart rate at midpoint (140 ± 14 versus 153 ± 11, p < 0.001) and at maximal effort (171 ± 14 versus 191 ± 10 beats per minute, p < 0.001) of test was lower for patients than controls. Heart rate recovery was similar between groups. Heart rate in relation to workload was higher for patients than controls both at midpoint and maximal effort. Heart rate in relation to oxygen uptake was similar between groups throughout test. Oxygen pulse, an indirect surrogate measure of stroke volume, was reduced at maximal effort in patients compared to controls (6.6 ± 1.1 versus 7.5 ± 1.4 ml·beat−1·m−2, p < 0.05) and increased significantly less from midpoint to maximal effort for patients than controls (p < 0.05).Conclusions:Heart rate is increased in relation to workload in Fontan patients compared with controls. At higher loads, Fontan patients seem to have reduced heart rate and smaller increase in oxygen pulse, which may be explained by inability to further increase stroke volume and cardiac output. Reduced ability to increase or maintain stroke volume at higher heart rates may be an important limiting factor for maximal cardiac output, oxygen uptake, and physical performance.
Treatment of severe pulmonary insufficiency with bilateral branch pulmonary artery Melody valve implantation
Authors: Abu-Anza Omar , Nakamura Yuki , Aldoss Osamah 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBranch pulmonary artery valve implantation has been reported in larger patients with dysfunctional right ventricular outflow tracts via routine femoral access. Here, we report treatment of severe pulmonary insufficiency with bilateral branch pulmonary artery Melody valve implantation (Medtronic, Minneapolis, Minnesota). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bilateral valve implantation utilising the hybrid approach in a small-size patient.
Astrometric study of Gaia DR2 stars for interstellar communication
Authors: Seto Naoki , Kashiyama Kazumi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe discuss the prospects of high precision pointing of our transmitter to habitable planets around Galactic main sequence stars. For an efficient signal delivery, the future sky positions of the host stars should be appropriately extrapolated with accuracy better than the beam opening angle Θ of the transmitter. Using the latest data release (DR2) of Gaia, we estimate the accuracy of the extrapolations individually for 4.7 × 107 FGK stars, and find that the total number of targets could be ~107 for the accuracy goal better than 1″. Considering the pairwise nature of communication, our study would be instructive also for SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence), not only for sending signals outward.
Against Populism: Music, Classification, Genre
Authors: BALLANTINE CHRISTOPHER 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOften described as a social pathology, populism currently finds virulent expression in political movements across the world. Unlike the recognition that involves mutuality and respect, populism is typically founded on misrecognition; it pursues alterity, essentializes identity, offers ‘protection’ against the threat of hostile ‘others’. Often the social consequences are tragic. Music, however, can confirm or disrupt the way populism constructs identity. Epistemologically, genres can enable us to both understand and misunderstand our world: we can recognize ourselves (‘us’) in the genres that undergird the music we identify with, and (mis)recognize others (‘them’) in those we find alien. But genres can be undermined; they can be integrated, hybridized and directed towards more inclusive or cosmopolitan ends, thus destablilizing ontologies frozen around pre-fixed identities. I elaborate this theory, illustrating it with examples of focused genre-transgression, particularly in South African jazz, where progressive social tendencies have sought to create an integrated, cosmopolitan society.
Classification of Seafloor Highs According to Legal Hermeneutics
Authors: KUNOY Bjørn 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe classification of seafloor highs as submarine elevations that are natural components of the continental margin is the core exercise in the application of Article 76 of UNCLOS. Its outcome determines whether the outer limits are necessarily constrained by a 350 nautical mile distance line from the baselines, or, alternatively, whether the outer limits may extend far beyond that constraint where the outer edge of the continental margin goes beyond that distance. This paper examines in depth the constitutive criteria that govern the classification of seafloor highs as submarine elevations that are natural components of the continental margin. It is concluded that the interpretation of Article 76(6) of UNCLOS is necessarily dictated by a textual approach.