bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diplycosia papuana (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae: Gaultherieae): a new endemic species from central New Guinea
Authors: Mustaqim Wendy A. , Utteridge Timothy M. A. , Heatubun Charlie D. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryDiplycosia papuana (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae: Gaultherieae), a new endemic species from central New Guinea, is described and illustrated here. Notes on the distribution, ecology and conservation status of the new species, as well as a consideration of closely related species, are provided.
Multiple novel hepatocellular carcinoma signature genes are commonly controlled by the master pluripotency factor OCT4
Authors: Ye Chao , Zhang Xiaoqian , Chen Xinyu , Cao Qingyi , Zhang Xiaobing , Zhou Yanwen , Li Wenxin , Hong Liangjie , Xie Haiyang , Liu Xiaoli , Cao Hongcui , Wang Ying-Jie , Kang Bo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common solid tumor with a poor prognosis. HCC is often due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. As yet, efficacious HCC treatment regimens for late-stage HCC patients are lacking. Therefore, the identification of more specific and sensitive biomarkers for its early diagnosis and treatment remains an urgent need.

Methods
Total RNAs from paired HBV-derived HCC tumors and adjacent peritumor tissues (APTs) were subjected to RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC tumors and APTs were selected and verified.

Results
We identified 166 DEGs and found that eight top-ranked and verified DEGs (TK1, CTTN, CEP72, TRIP13, FTH1, FLAD1, CHRM2, AMBP) all contained putative OCT4 binding motifs in their promoter regions. TK1, TRIP13 and OCT4 were found to exhibit concurrent higher expression levels in HCC tumors than in APTs. The mRNA levels of TK1, TRIP13 and OCT4 in a cohort of 384 HCC samples from the TCGA database were all found to be negatively correlated with patient overall survival, relapse-free survival and progression-free survival, underscoring the HCC biomarker status of TK1 and TRIP13 on one hand, and implicating their association with OCT4 on the other hand. Furthermore, OCT4 proteins were found to bind to the promoters of both genes in vitro and in vivo. Knocking out OCT4 in HCC-derived cell lines reduced the expression of TK1 and TRIP13 and significantly decreased their tumorigenicity.

Conclusions
Using RNA-seq, we identified several novel HCC signature genes that may serve as biomarkers for its diagnosis and prognosis. Their common transcriptional regulation by OCT4 suggests key roles in the development of HCC, and indicates that OCT4 may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
Radiofrequency identification (RFID) reveals long-distance flight and homing abilities of the stingless bee Melipona fasciculata
Authors: Nunes-Silva Patrícia , Costa Luciano , Campbell Alistair John , Arruda Helder , Contrera Felipe Andres Leon , Teixeira Juliana Stephanie Galaschi , Gomes Rafael Leandro Corrêa , Pessin Gustavo , Pereira Daniel Santiago , de Souza Paulo , Imperatriz-Fonseca Vera Lucia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDetermining bee flight capacity is crucial for developing management strategies for bee conservation and/or crop pollination and purposes. In this study, we determined the flight distance of the stingless beeMelipona fasciculatausing the radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology. For this, we conducted two translocation experiments using workers equipped with RFID microsensors: (1) release of bees at seven distances between 100 and 3000 m from experimental colonies in Belém, Brazil, and (2) at six distances between 1500 and 10,000 m at Carajás National Forest Reserve. Return rates of workers were negatively correlated to release distance, with typical flight distances of 2 km, but a maximum homing distance of 10 km. Use of RFID tags revealed how past experiments may have greatly underestimated homing abilities of stingless bees.
Parallel Causation in Oncogenic and Anthropogenic Degradation and Extinction
Authors: DeGregori James , Eldredge Niles 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We propose that the onset and progressive destructive action of cancer within an individual bears a profound and striking similarity to the onset and progressive human-engendered destruction of global ecosystems and the extinction of entire species. Cancer in the human body and our human role in planetary, especially biotic, degradation are uncannily similar systems. For starters, they are the only two known complex systems where a discrete component changes its normal ecological role and function—turning on and potentially killing its host, and in so doing, itself. Both are “hostile takeovers.” Clearly, humans are integral to both systems. With cancer we are the host and victims of the rogue behavior of what starts out as a normal, healthy, and functionally important part of our bodies. With the biodiversity crisis, we are the part of the system that has changed, expanded, and proven so destructive to the system in which we live. We argue that given that these threats to our bodies and Earth are both essentially ecological diseases, understanding the critical role of ecological interdependencies for avoiding both cancer’s and humankind’s destruction of their respective homes should hopefully promote better stewardship of both by the only animal capable of recognizing the problems—us.
Safety of CollagenaseClostridium histolyticumInjection Therapy for Peyronie Disease in Patients Continuing Antiplatelet or Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Amighi Arash , Regets Keith Vincent , Nork Justin James , Mendhiratta Neil , Mills Jesse Nelson , Eleswarapu Sriram Venkata 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe initial clinical trials for intralesional collagenase Clostridium histolyticum (CCh) injection therapy for Peyronie disease (PD) excluded men on antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications except those on low-dose aspirin. Men with PD who take such medications present a challenging clinical scenario because of a lack of evidence regarding the safety of CCh while on these drugs.AimTo evaluate safety outcomes among patients continuing anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy during ongoing intralesional CCh injection treatment for PD.MethodsAn institutional review board approved a database of 187 patients treated with CCh at an academic men's health practice from January 2016 through April 2019 was reviewed. Men on antiplatelet/anticoagulant medications were not instructed to stop these agents. Data on patient demographics, comorbidities, CCh injection details, use or nonuse of antiplatelet/anticoagulant medications, and adverse events were extracted from the electronic medical record. Rates of hematoma formation, bruising, swelling, and corporal rupture were determined. Univariate statistical analysis compared clinical data and adverse events between men on or off antiplatelet/anticoagulant medications.Main Outcome MeasureStatistical comparison of adverse events in those taking or not taking antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications while undergoing intralesional CCh injection therapy for PD.ResultsOf 187 men undergoing CCh treatment, 33 (17.6%) were on concomitant antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy. Aspirin 81 mg alone was the most common pharmacologic agent (58% of men on antiplatelet/anticoagulants); medications also included other antiplatelet drugs, warfarin, and novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs). Men taking blood thinners during intralesional CCh injection therapy experienced no statistical difference in rates of bruising, swelling, or hematoma formation compared with men not on antiplatelet/anticoagulants. No corporal ruptures were observed in either group. Men on antiplatelet or anticoagulant therapy were more likely to be older (64 vs 58 years old, P = 0.005), have hypertension (P = 0.025), and have hyperlipidemia (0.009).Clinical ImplicationsIntralesional CCh injection therapy may be offered to men on antiplatelet/anticoagulant medications without increased risk of adverse events.Strength & LimitationsThis study evaluated the experience of a single surgeon, with a systematic evaluation of adverse events captured in a robust electronic medical record. The retrospective nature of this study limits conclusions but builds upon work performed in the initial clinical trials for CCh.ConclusionOur findings suggest that antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications do not increase the risk of adverse events during intralesional CCh injection therapy for PD.
Some remarks on the volume of log varieties
Authors: Filipazzi Stefano 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this note, using methods introduced by Haconet al. [‘Boundedness of varieties of log general type’, Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics, Volume 97 (American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2018) 309–348], we study the accumulation points of volumes of varieties of log general type. First, we show that if the set of boundary coefficientsΛsatisfies the descending chain condition (DCC), is closed under limits and contains 1, then the corresponding set of volumes satisfies the DCC and is closed under limits. Then, we consider the case ofε-log canonical varieties, for 0 < ε < 1. In this situation, we prove that ifΛis finite, then the corresponding set of volumes is discrete.
Aristotle and Natural Law
Authors: Duke George 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper seeks to clarify the long-standing controversy over Aristotle's relationship to the natural law tradition. The paper argues that a precondition for any adequate assessment of Aristotle's natural law credentials is a close analysis of theNicomachean EthicsV.7 discussion of the just by nature. Such an investigation, the primary concern of section 1, reveals that Aristotle's characterization of the politically just as partly natural and partly conventional does entail that nature serves as a normative ground for just law. With this conclusion in place, section 2 then turns more directly to Aristotle's relation to the natural law tradition. Despite important differences between Aristotle's account of the normative foundations of law and those found in the paradigmatic natural law teachings of the Stoics and Aquinas, I argue, there are nonetheless features of later natural law thought on the purpose and evaluation of law which are genuinely Aristotelian in orientation.
Alasdair MacIntyre and Leo Strauss on the Activity of Philosophy
Authors: Pinkoski Nathan J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFollowers of Leo Strauss have criticized Alasdair MacIntyre's account of the activity of philosophy as historicist. MacIntyre himself has been dismissive of Strauss. I argue that these apparent disagreements obscure their deeper agreements about the activity of philosophy. Rather than holding to historicism, MacIntyre's account of philosophy has a strong symmetry with Strauss's. To counter modern dogmatism, both Strauss and MacIntyre argue for a balanced mixture of history and philosophy to contend that philosophy's task is to gain knowledge of natural reality. Yet both place similar epistemic limits on philosophy, arguing that philosophy's gains are modest and always open to revision. Moreover, both hold that no authority other than human reason can direct the activity of philosophy. Putting MacIntyre and Strauss in a more careful conversation enriches the account of the fundamental philosophical problems that each addresses.
AGE OF ONSET, TYPE OF EXPOSURE, AND ULTIMATE ATTAINMENT OF L2 MORPHO-SYNTACTIC SENSITIVITY
Authors: Lee Eun-Kyoung Rosa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present study examined whether early immersive L2 exposure in a foreign language learning context can yield long-term advantages in L2 morpho-syntactic sensitivity. Participants were 40 Korean university students with high English proficiency, who had either attended an English kindergarten or begun learning English in a classroom, and a control group of native English speakers. All participants performed a speeded aural grammaticality judgment task that included the following features: articles, subcategorization, plural -s, third-person -s. Results showed that the English-kindergarten group outperformed the late-classroom group in terms of accuracy for ungrammatical sentences, while the two groups did not differ significantly on grammatical sentences and in reaction time measures. The learners altogether scored higher in plural -s and third-person -s compared to articles. While the native speakers showed near-perfect accuracy and fast reaction times, the highly proficient learners were at near-chance level in detecting morpho-syntactic errors during online L2 aural processing.
Advance Healthcare Directives: Binding or Informational Value?
Authors: MONTANARI VERGALLO GIANLUCA 
Published: December 2019

Abstract:Advance directives entail a refusal expressed by a still-healthy patient. Three consequences stem from that fact: (a) advance refusal is unspecific, since it is impossible to predict what the patient’s conditions and the risk-benefit ratio may be in the foreseeable future; (b) those decisions cannot be as well informed as those formulated while the disease is in progress; (c) while both current consent and refusal can be revoked as the disease unfolds, until the treatment starts out, advance directives become effective when the patient becomes incapable or unconscious; such decisions can therefore not be revoked at any stage of the disease. Therefore, advance directives are binding for doctors only at the stage of advance treatment planning, i.e., only if they refer to an illness already in progress.
Evaluation of a Peer-Led Implementation of a Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Training Program for College Students
Authors: Samuolis Jessica , Harrison Angela J. , Flanagan Karen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Background: Research on models of implementation that enable widespread dissemination of suicide prevention to young adults is needed to address the critical public health issue of suicide among young adults. A peer-to-peer implementation approach may increase widespread dissemination of suicide prevention on college campuses. Aims: The current study involved the evaluation of a peer-led implementation of the evidence-based program Question, Persuade, and Refer Gatekeeper Training for Suicide Prevention (QPR). Method: A total of 161 college students attended one of eight QPR implementations conducted by student peer educators certified as QPR trainers. Questionnaires were administered at pretest and posttest to assess knowledge of suicide, likelihood of intervening with someone suicidal, and self-efficacy to intervene with someone suicidal. Results: Results from a series of paired-samples t tests showed significant increases from pretest to posttest on the three outcomes of interest – knowledge of suicide, self-efficacy to intervene with someone suicidal, and likelihood to intervene with someone suicidal. Limitations: The short time frame of the current study is a limitation. Conclusion: Support for a peer-led model of implementation for college students has critical implications in terms of increasing the capacity for widespread dissemination of suicide prevention efforts on college campuses.
Seasonal and Interannual Variability of the Subsurface Velocity Profile of the Indonesian Throughflow at Makassar Strait
Authors: Jiang Guo‐Qing , Wei Jun , Malanotte‐Rizzoli Paola , Li Mingting , Gordon Arnold L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough there have been many previous studies that have interpreted the variability of Indonesian Throughflow transport, the processes that determine its vertical structure have rarely been investigated due to limited observations and model inefficiencies. In this study, a regionally coupled model is developed to address this issue. The model adopts an unstructured model grid, with an ~3‐km resolution within the Indonesian seas and straits, and reveals somewhat inconsistent results compared to previous models with coarser resolutions. The results suggest that the seasonal variability of the depth of the Indonesian Throughflow velocity maximum is partially controlled by the seasonally reversed Karimata throughflow, while the remainder primarily originated from the Mindanao–Sulawesi inflow rather than the Sibutu Strait throughflow. The Mindanao–Sulawesi inflow possesses a subsurface velocity core similar to that of the Makassar Strait, with a deep (shallow) maximum during El Niño (La Niña) years that plays a crucial role in determining the downstream Makassar throughflow profile in the interannual time scale. A sensitivity experiment by fixing Indian Ocean boundary condition shows that the impacts from the Indian Ocean might be significant only within the intraseasonal to seasonal time scales.
Imaging and Monitoring Temporal Changes of Shallow Seismic Velocities at the Garner Valley Near Anza, California, Following the M7.2 2010 El Mayor‐Cucapah Earthquake
Authors: Qin Lei , Ben‐Zion Yehuda , Bonilla Luis Fabian , Steidl Jamison H. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSeismograms from ~700 local earthquakes recorded at various depths (0, 6, 15, 22, 50, and 150 m) by sensors of the Garner Valley Downhole Array in Southern California are used to analyze the shallow velocity structure and temporal changes of seismic velocities after the 2010 M7.2 El Mayor‐Cucapah (EMC) earthquake. The direct P and S wave travel times between surface and borehole stations reveal very low shear wave velocities (178–259 m/s) and very high Vp/Vs ratios (6.2) in the top 22 m. Temporal changes of seismic velocities after the EMC earthquake are estimated using autocorrelations of data in moving time windows at two borehole stations (22 and 50 m) and seismic interferometry between multiple station pairs of the Garner Valley Downhole Array. The S wave velocity in the top 6 m drops abruptly by 14.3 ± 3.3%, during the passage of surface waves from the EMC event with a peak ground acceleration of 39 Gal, and recovers in ~236 s. The average velocity reductions decrease with depth and are 10.9 ± 3.1%, 8.5 ± 2.1%, 6.3 ± 2.1%, and 4.5 ± 2.0% in the top 15, 22, 50, and 150 m, respectively. Comparisons of seismic interferometry results between sensor pairs at 0–22 and 22–150 m indicate that statistically significant velocity changes are limited at the site to the top 22 m. Pore pressure data are in phase with the surface displacement and reach maxima when the highest velocity drop occurs, suggesting fluid effects contribute to the observed velocity reductions.
Shallow Megathrust Slip During Large Earthquakes That Have High P Coda Levels
Authors: Wu Zhenbo , Lay Thorne , Ye Lingling 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDetermining the up‐dip extent of slip during large megathrust earthquakes is important for understanding tsunami generation, potential for subsequent failure of the shallow megathrust, and plate contact depth‐varying frictional properties. Recent measurements of early Pcoda amplitudes relative to direct P signals for the period range 7 to 15 s find high Pcoda/P ratios for many events with finite‐fault rupture models that have slip extending to near deep trenches, resulting in enhanced pwP (water‐reverberation) generation. However, some events with high Pcoda/P measures have finite‐fault model solutions that vary in, or lack, shallow slip. We reexamine six large megathrust earthquakes with unexplained high Pcoda/P ratios (30 July 1995 Chile, MW 8.0; 17 November 2003 Aleutian, MW 7.7; 12 November 1996 Peru, MW 7.7; 7 October 2009 Vanuatu, MW 7.6; 5 May 2015 Papua New Guinea, MW 7.5; and 5 March 2002 Mindanao, MW 7.5), inverting for slip models with depth‐varying dip and varying bathymetry, adjusting kinematic parameters to better allow for the possibility of late shallow slip with associated strong pwP excitation. We confirm that modest patchy late shallow slip (~1 to 3 m) occurred near the trench for the 1995 and 2003 events, accounting for observed high Pcoda levels and minor tsunamis. The 2009 event appears to have minor shallow slip, whereas the 1996, 2002, and 2015 events do not; their coda amplitudes are likely enhanced by early aftershocks. Refined modeling of the later stages of large megathrust ruptures, guided by Pcoda levels, improves resolution of the up‐dip limit of co‐seismic slip.
Full noncontact laser ultrasound: first human data
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Fincke Jonathan R. , Wynn Charles M. , Johnson Matt R. , Haupt Robert W. , Anthony Brian W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFull noncontact laser ultrasound (LUS) imaging has several distinct advantages over current medical ultrasound (US) technologies: elimination of the coupling mediums (gel/water), operator-independent image quality, improved repeatability, and volumetric imaging. Current light-based ultrasound utilizing tissue-penetrating photoacoustics (PA) generally uses traditional piezoelectric transducers in contact with the imaged tissue or carries an optical fiber detector close to the imaging site. Unlike PA, the LUS design presented here minimizes the optical penetration and specifically restricts optical-to-acoustic energy transduction at the tissue surface, maximizing the generated acoustic source amplitude. With an appropriate optical design and interferometry, any exposed tissue surfaces can become viable acoustic sources and detectors. LUS operates analogously to conventional ultrasound but uses light instead of piezoelectric elements. Here, we present full noncontact LUS results, imaging targets at ~5 cm depths and at a meter-scale standoff from the target surface. Experimental results demonstrating volumetric imaging and the first LUS images on humans are presented, all at eye- and skin-safe optical exposure levels. The progression of LUS imaging from tissue-mimicking phantoms, to excised animal tissue, to humans in vivo is shown, with validation from conventional ultrasound images. The LUS system design insights and results presented here inspire further LUS development and are a significant step toward the clinical implementation of LUS.
Type 1 IGF receptor associates with adverse outcome and cellular radioresistance in paediatric high-grade glioma
Authors: Simpson Aaron D. , Soo Ying Wei Jenetta , Rieunier Guillaume , Aleksic Tamara , Ansorge Olaf , Jones Chris , Macaulay Valentine M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHigh-grade glioma (HGG) is highly resistant to therapy, prompting us to investigate the contribution of insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), linked with radioresistance in other cancers. IGF-1R immunohistochemistry in 305 adult HGG (aHGG) and 103 paediatric/young adult HGG (pHGG) cases revealed significant association with adverse survival in pHGG, with median survival of 13.5 vs 29 months for pHGGs with moderate/strong vs negative/weak IGF-1R (p = 0.011). Secondly, we tested IGF-1R inhibitor BMS-754807 in HGG cells, finding minimal radiosensitisation of 2/3 aHGG cell lines (dose enhancement ratios DERs < 1.60 at 2–8 Gy), and greater radiosensitisation of 2/2 pHGG cell lines (DERs ≤ 4.16). BMS-754807 did not influence radiation-induced apoptosis but perturbed the DNA damage response with altered induction/resolution of γH2AX, 53BP1 and RAD51 foci. These data indicate that IGF-1R promotes radioresistance in pHGG, potentially contributing to the association of IGF-1R with adverse outcome and suggesting IGF-1R as a candidate treatment target in pHGG.