bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Etiological Profile of Referred Otalgias in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Karmacharya Sameer , Sah Santosh Kumar 
Published: December 2020

Background and Objectives Otalgia (earache) is one of the commonest presenting complaints of the patients visiting ENT OPD and wide varieties of otological diseases are associated with it. Surrounding structural pathology of head and neck can at times manifest as otalgia (because of complex innervations of ear) known as referred otalgia. The term Referred Otalgia applied when the ear examination is normal, so it is important to search for the secondary cause in other structures like pharynx, larynx, teeth, TM, nose, sinuses, salivary glands, neck, and rarely thoracic structures like esophagus, bronchus and heart.
Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted in the department of ENT – HNS in Janaki Medial College Teaching Hospital from Janaury 01, 2019 to July 31, 2020 with ear pain only. All patients are subjected to full history and ENT examination, in addition to examination of Temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) and neck. Some patients were sent for audiological and radiological assessment according to the finding in the examination and some had maxillofacial or orthopedic consultation. Data were analyzed, primary and referred otalgia was recorded.
Results: Out of 607 patients with otalgia, 243(40%) had referred otalgia of this 39% were men and 61% were women. Commonest etiology of referred otalgia was dental causes followed by TMJ dysfunction. 3% patient had underlying malignancies. 37% had right earache, 42% had left earache and 21% had bilateral earache.
Conclusion: A thorough clinical examination of surrounding structures particularly teeth and TMJ should be done as significant number of patient suffered from referred otalgia and while doing this malignancy should be kept in mind as etiology.
Spiritual Care in Public Institutions in Europe. Eds. J. R. Tretera, Z. Horák, Z. Horák. Berlin: Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, 2019, 140 pp.
Authors: Menke Monika 
Published: December 2020

Spiritual Care in Public Institutions in Europe. Eds. J. R. Tretera, Z. Horák, Z. Horák. Berlin: Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, 2019, 140 pp. - the review.
Recepcja twórczości Olgi Tokarczuk w Bułgarii
Authors: Gołek-Sepetliewa Dorota 
Published: December 2020

This article discusses Olga Tokarczuk’s presence in Bulgaria, drawing on R. Cudak’s theory of reception while presenting translations, strategies of publication and promotion, literary and critical reflection, and non-literary forms of reception. Widescale, effective, and multi-dimensional promotion, reliable translation (S. Borisova, D. Hamze, H. Simeonova-Mitova, G. Krastev), as well as the openness and interest of readers, have created possibilities for an increase in the popularity of Olga Tokarczuk’s works in Bulgaria within the last two decades. The development in Bulgarian culture of critical and literary thought surrounding Tokarczuk’s works (M. Grigorova) is accompanied by the presence of book translations and other selected texts in leading newspapers and magazines („Literaturen vestnik”, „Panorama”, „Kultura”), constituting a significant platform for the popularization of Polish literature.
O obecności literatury polskiej w Czechach i czeskiej w Polsce. Komentarz do bibliografii przekładów w roku 2018
Authors: Żygadło-Czopnik Dorota 
Published: December 2020

In this commentary, we will limit ourselves to presenting the reception of Czech literature in Poland and Polish literature in the Czech Republic in the year 2018. Czech and Polish literature reaches its readers across their respective borders in several ways: via translations of books by well-known and esteemed writers; through representatives of the younger generation; and as translations of prose and poetry published in magazines. The reception of Polish and Czech literature has been very positive; specifically, there is a growing interest among Polish readers in Czech literary offerings.
Fabrication of Inexpensive Decapsulation Fixtures for Small or Unique Plastic Packages
Authors: Kimball Mark E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A method of fabricating fixtures for chemical decapsulation of plastic packages is presented. Fixtures built using this technique can easily decapsulate very small or unique plastic packages, such as the SC70, SOT123, μMax and others. The method uses materials and tools commonly found in the FA lab.
Failure Analysis of Tungsten Contact Failure in a 0.13 μm CMOS Process
Authors: Bagchi Sandeep , Subramanian Sam , Ross Ryan , Beck James , Chrastecky Tony , Soorholtz Vince , Widener Ed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For its latest generation of high performance logic applications, Motorola employs a 0.13 µm CMOS technology with shallow trench isolation (STI). The contact dimension and spacing requirements for the dense areas of the circuitry, such as the cache, are quite aggressive. We recently encountered single bit and massive array failures, which were traced to an electrical short between tungsten contacts. We report here the failure analysis, which involved electrical and physical testing techniques.
Study on a Single NFET Degradation After Circuit Modification With FIB
Authors: Lehner Werner 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The use of FIB in circuit modification can generate huge influences on MOS transistor parameters. It is necessary to investigate and understand the effects that occur after Ga irradiation to evaluate the influence on the behaviour of the modified structures. In this paper we investigate influences on the threshold voltage of an n-FET MOS transistor in a standard, state of the art 0.17 µm DRAM technology, after FIB irradiation. In particular, the effect of varying the distance (vertical and horizontal) between the location of the FIB modification and the active area as well as the possibility of recovering the induced Vth shift has been characterized.
A Transmission X-ray Microscope (TXM) for Non-destructive 3D Imaging of ICs at Sub-100 nm Resolution
Authors: Wang Steve , Duewer Frederick , Kamath Shashidar , Kelly Christopher , Lyon Alan , Nill Kenneth , Scott David , Trapp David , Yun Wenbing , Neogi Suneeta , Kuhn Markus , Bennet Casey , Coon Peter , Yan Souping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Xradia has developed a laboratory table-top transmission x-ray microscope, TXM 54-80, that uses 5.4 keV x-ray radiation to nondestructively image buried submicron structures in integrated circuits with at better than 80 nm 2D resolution. With an integrated tomographic imaging system, a series of x-ray projections through a full IC stack, which may include tens of micrometers of silicon substrate and several layers of Cu interconnects, can be collected and reconstructed to produce a 3D image of the IC structure at 100 nm resolution, thereby allowing the user to detect, localize, and characterize buried defects without having to conduct layer by layer deprocessing and inspection that are typical of conventional destructive failure analysis. In addition to being a powerful tool for both failure analysis and IC process development, the TXM may also facilitate or supplant investigations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and focused ion beam (FIB) tools, which generally require destructive sample preparation and a vacuum environment.
High Resolution Current Imaging by Direct Magnetic Field Sensing
Authors: Woods S.I. , Lettsome Nesco M. , Cawthorne A.B. , Knauss L.A. , Koch R.H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Two types of magnetic microscopes have been investigated for use in high resolution current mapping. The scanning fiber/SQUID microscope uses a SQUID sensor coupled to a nanoscale ferromagnetic probe, and the GMR microscope employs a nanoscale giant magnetoresistive sensor. Initial scans demonstrate that these microscopes can resolve current lines less than 10 µm apart with edge resolution of 1 µm. These types of microscopes are compared with the performance of a standard scanning SQUID microscope and with each other with respect to spatial resolution and magnetic sensitivity. Both microscopes show great promise for identifying current defects in die level devices.
Study of Critical Factors Determining Latchup Sensitivity of ICs Using Emission Microscopy
Authors: Stellari Franco , Song Peilin , McManus Moyra K. , Weger Alan J. , Gauthier Robert J. , Chatty Kiran V. , Muhammad Mujahid , Sanda Pia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper we discuss the use of Emission Microscopy (EMMI) to examine the events leading to latchup for various Input/Output (I/O) pins of a test chip in order to study the factors that impact latchup sensitivity of VLSI chips. The goal of our study is to identify and characterize the structures that are most prone to latchup in test chips, thus providing countermeasures to be used to improve the overall latchup resistance of commercial chips. As it has been shown in literature [1-3], EMMI can be used to localize areas that are latching up. Here we focus our attention on electrostatic discharge (ESD) into I/O pins, which may lead to latchup inside I/O circuits or in their proximity.
3D X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) for Electronic Packages
Authors: Fu Zezhong , Goyal Deepak , Thomas Jeffrey , Crawley Alan , Ramsey Andrew 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Next generation assembly/package development challenges are primarily increased interconnect complexity, density, and multi-layer/multi-stacked packages with ever shorter development time. The results of this trend present some distinct challenges for the analytical tools and techniques to support this technology roadmap. The key challenge in the analytical tools and techniques is the development of nondestructive imaging for improved time to information. The 3D X-ray Computed tomography (CT) system named “X-Tek NGI” has been co-developed by Intel and X-Tek to address this need. The current paper will discuss the configuration and several applications where this tool has been applied successfully to solve current package technology development issues and provide package construction analysis (including enabled components). This paper will discuss the details of the system configuration, examples together with the current limitations and future direction for non-destructive package failure analysis.
Voltage Contrast like Imaging of N-Wells
Authors: Boit Christian , Wirth Kristin R. , Le Roy Erwan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Voltage contrast like imaging of n-wells in a grounded psubstrate is presented as a new method for assisting FIB microsurgery from the backside of the die. The initial, transient contrast is used for endpointing in the trenching process. It is made permanent by a spontaneous XeF2 etch followed by the deposition of a SiOx layer. Applications include direct CAD – FIB alignment and visualization of the wells for failure analysis.
Application of Scan Based FA and Advanced Passive Voltage Contrast Technique in Defect Isolation
Authors: Schmidt Michael B. , Saujauddin Noor Jehan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Scan testing and passive voltage contrast (PVC) techniques have been widely used as failure analysis fault isolation tools. Scan diagnosis can narrow a failure to a given net and passive voltage contrast can give real-time, large-scale electronic information about a sample at various stages of deprocessing. In the highly competitive and challenging environment of today, failure analysis cycle time is very important. By combining scan FA with a much higher sensitivity passive voltage contrast technique, one can quickly find defects that have traditionally posed a great challenge.
Advanced Analysis of Thin and Ultrathin SiO2 Films and SiO2/Si Interfaces with Combined Atomic Force Microscopy Methods
Authors: Frammelsberger Werner , Benstetter Guenther , Schweinboeck Thomas , Stamp Richard , Kiely Janice 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this work a procedure is presented to look beneath the surface of a SiO2 film and to study the impact of the SiO2/Si interface morphology on the tunneling current, with high lateral resolution, by use of combined Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy (C-AFM) and Intermittent-Contact AFM (IC-AFM) measurements. Evidence is given that interface structures do have direct influence on the distribution of high current spots in MOS capacitors.
Advanced Optical Testing of an Array in 65 nm CMOS Technology
Authors: Stellari Franco , Song Peilin , Christensen Todd A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper we present the advanced optical testing of an array fabricated in IBM’s 65 nm SOI CMOS technology, using the Picosecond Imaging Circuit Analysis (PICA) [1-11] tool equipped with the Superconducting Single-Photon Detector (SSPD) [12,13]. Based on the results of the optical analysis we were able to confirm a time collision problem in the readout circuit of the array. In the following sections we will also discuss the use of an innovative optical packaging for testing chips requiring wire-bonding, along with record low voltage optical measurements, down to 0.7 V.
Impacto del Ajuste por Inflación Financiero en la Gestión Empresarial
Authors: Gómez de Angulo Oda Hilda , Leal Morantes Miraidy Elena 
Published: December 2020

La inflación es un fenómeno económico que afecta la situación financiera de las organizaciones, por lo que existe la Declaración de Principios de Contabilidad No. 10 (DPC-10) que establece las normas para efectuar el ajuste por inflación a los estados financieros. Con el propósito de conocer el impacto de este ajuste, se seleccionaron dos empresas que realizan actividades diferentes. Se efectuó una revisión bibliográfica y documental de la DPC-10 y, con base a los informes al cierre de cada ejercicio económico de las empresas objeto de estudio, se recopilaron y prepararon los datos en una misma unidad de medida para efectos de comparación, análisis e interpretación. Los resultados obtenidos indican que en la empresa regida por la Comisión Nacional de Valores se justifica el ajuste por inflación financiero debido a la naturaleza de la estructura financiera y a que la toma de decisiones administrativas y legales se realiza con base a esta información; mientras que en la institución regida por la Superintendencia de Cajas de Ahorro no se justifica la presentación del ajuste por inflación financiero, ya que no aporta ningún valor agregado a la organización y la toma de decisiones se realiza con base a los estados financieros históricos Â Â Â
INDONESIAN EFL LEARNERS’ BELIEFS ABOUT ADVANTAGES OF SONGS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors: Hendriani Suswati , Mukhaiyar Mukhaiyar , Kustati Martin , Putra Hendra Eka , Saiful Jepri Ali 
Published: December 2020

Abstract: Despite a considerable body of studies, little attention is given to the advantages of using songs in learning (learner-centred). The study, therefore, is aimed at eliciting Indonesian EFL learners’ beliefs about the advantages of using songs for their language learning. Researching the research phenomenon through a qualitative study using a case study design, in-depth interview technique was applied to collect the data of the learners’ beliefs from eleven university learners majoring English. This study indicated an interesting finding that it was perceived that the learners believed that there were some advantages of using songs in learning English: increasing their EFL learning in the aspects of language skills (listening and speaking), language components (vocabulary mastery and pronunciation), their knowledge, their confidence and relaxation, and improving their mood and focus. Thus, it is recommended that songs be used either in teachers’ EFL teaching and in learners’ EFL learning. Abstrak: Meskipun telah banyak penelitian yang dilakukan, namun masih sedikit perhatian yang diberikan tentang manfaat penggunaan lagu dalam pembelajaran (berpusat pada peserta didik). Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap keyakinan pembelajar Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing di Indonesia tentang manfaat penggunaan lagu dalam pembelajaran bahasa asing mereka. Meneliti fenomena melalui studi kasus, teknik wawancara mendalam diterapkan untuk mengumpulkan data tentang keyakinan sebelas mahasiswa jurusan Bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ii menunjukkan temuan yang menarik bahwa peserta didik percaya bahwa ada beberapa keuntungan dari pemanfaatan lagu dalam pembelajaran bahasa Ingris mereka pada aspek keterampilan bahasa (menyimak dan berbicara), komponen bahasa (penguasaan kosa kata dan pengucapan), pengetahuan mereka, kepercayaan diri dan relaksasi mereka, serta memperbaiki suasana hati dan fokus mereka. Oleh karena itu, disarankan agar lagu digunakan dalam pengajaran bahasa Inggris oleh guru maupun dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris oleh peserta didik.
ECG signal classification based on Deep Learning by using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)
Authors: Hamad alhussainy Aqeel M. , Jasim Ammar D. 
Published: December 2020

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are consider the main cause of death today According to World Health Organization (WHO),and because that ECG signal is very important tool in monitoring and diagnosis of these disease , different automatic methods were proposed based on this signal. [1]. The manual analysis of ECG signals is suffered different challenges such as differeculty of detecting and classify waveform of this signal, So, many machine learning methods are explored to describe the anomalies ECG signal accurately . Deep learning (DL) can be used in ECG classification, it can improve the quality of the automatic classification system. In this paper , we have proposed a deep learning classification system by using different layers of convolution, rectifier and pooling operations that can be used to increase feature extraction of ECG signal.
We have proposed two models, one is used for input signal of 1-D, in which we designed model for classification csv type of data for ECG signal, while in the second proposed system, we used model for 2-D signal after convert it from its csv type . 2-D signal (ECG image) is used in order to augment the two dimensional signal with different methods to increase the accuracy of the model by training it with geometric transformation of the original input images such as rotation, shearing etc.The results are compared with AlexNet and other models based on the metrics, which are used to measure the performance of the proposed work, the result show that, the proposed models improve the efficiency of the classification in the two systems.
ANALISIS PEMBELAJARAN SINGKAT MENGGUNAKAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING DENGAN PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK DI SMAN 2 BARRU
Authors: Amir Asmaria , Gusniwati Gusniwati , Buhaerah Buhaerah 
Published: December 2020

Pembelajaran singkat merupakan proses belajar mengajar yang tidak biasanya di lakukan. Untuk melaksanakan pembelajaran singkat dan dapat membuahkan hasil yang memuaskan, dibutuhkan metode pembelajaran yang sesuai agar dapat meminimumkan masalah yang sering terjadi.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu apakah penggunaan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning dengan pendekatan saintifik efektif digunakan dalam pembelajaran singkat yaitu membahas empat sub-materi dari program linear dalam 5 kali pertemuan (7 jam pelajaran).
Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan metode deskriptif yang di lakukan dalam empat tahap, yaitu tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan, tahap pengamatan, dan tahap refleksi.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sebagian besar siswa dapat memahami materi dan dapat menyelesaikan latihan, dan beberapa siswa hanya memahami materi pada saat itu juga (pada saat pembelajaran berlangsung) dan masih kurang dalam menyelesaikan latihan. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh pembelajaran yang menargetkan empat sub materi dalam 5 kali pertemuan.
Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran cukup efektif karena sebagian besar peserta didik dapat menangkap dan menerima pembelajaran dengan baik. Hanya saja, untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih maksimal, perlu ditingkatkannya pemberian latihan kepada peserta didik.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW : PENGGUNAAN KAHOOT PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Putra Aan , Afrilia Kesi 
Published: December 2020

Abstrak
Perlunya melakukan sebuah inovasi untuk menunjang pembelajaran matematika yang dilakukan secara daring. Salah satu inovasi yang bisa dilakukan yaitu melalui media pembelajaran. Media pembelajaran dapat digunakan untuk membangun semangat dan motivasi belajar peserta didik yang dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan kajian literatur terkait dengan penggunaan Kahooot pada pembelajaran matematika. Metode penelitian yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah metode SLR (Systematic Literature Review). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mendokumentasi dan merevieu semua artikel terkait aplikasi Kahoot yang diterbitkan dalam kurun waktu 2012-2020. Artikel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebanayak 27 artikel jurnal nasional terakreditasi yang diperoleh dari database Google Schoolar menggunakan aplikasi Publish atau Perish. Berdasarkan penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa Kahoot dapat meningkatkan hasil, semangat belajar dan keefektifan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran matematika.
Kata kunci: Kahoot, Pembelajaran Matematika, Systematic Literature Review
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KELAS XI SMA NEGERI 1 KUALA
Authors: Wahyuni Rahmi , Harfad Harfad 
Published: December 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran matematika terhadap kemandirian belajar siswa pada masa pandemi covid-19 di kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Kuala. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan istrumen penelitian berupa lembar angket. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI MIA 1 dan XI MIA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Kuala dengan jumlah siswa 39 orang. Setelah diadakan penelitian data hasil angket berupa data ordinal diubah kedalam data interval dengan menggunakan method of successive interval (MSI). Hasil analisis uji normalitas sig 0.566 > 0.05 (berdistribusi normal). Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis, diperoleh nilai sig sebesar 0,000 < a (0,05). Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran matematika terhadap kemandirian belajar siswa pada masa pandemic covid-19 di kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Kuala