bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite/Gallium Arsenide Tandem Solar Cells
Authors: Li Zijia , Kim Tae Hak , Han Sung Yong , Yun Yeo‐Jun , Jeong Seonghwa , Jo Bonghyun , Ok Song Ah , Yim Woongbin , Lee Seung Hu , Kim Kangho , Moon Sunghyun , Park Ji‐Yong , Ahn Tae Kyu , Shin Hyunjung , Lee Jaejin , Park Hui Joon 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGallium arsenide (GaAs) photovoltaic (PV) cells have been widely investigated due to their merits such as thin‐film feasibility, flexibility, and high efficiency. To further increase their performance, a wider bandgap PV structure such as indium gallium phosphide (InGaP) has been integrated in two‐terminal (2T) tandem configuration. However, it increases the overall fabrication cost, complicated tunnel‐junction diode connecting subcells are inevitable, and materials are limited by lattice matching. Here, high‐efficiency and stable wide‐bandgap perovskite PVs having comparable bandgap to InGaP (1.8–1.9 eV) are developed, which can be stable low‐cost add‐on layers to further enhance the performance of GaAs PVs as tandem configurations by showing an efficiency improvement from 21.68% to 24.27% (2T configuration) and 25.19% (4T configuration). This approach is also feasible for thin‐film GaAs PV, essential to reduce its fabrication cost for commercialization, with performance increasing from 21.85% to 24.32% and superior flexibility (1000 times bending) in a tandem configuration. Additionally, potential routes to over 30% stable perovskite/GaAs tandems, comparable to InGaP/GaAs with lower cost, are considered. This work can be an initial step to reach the objective of improving the usability of GaAs PV technology with enhanced performance for applications for which lightness and flexibility are crucial, without a significant additional cost increase.
Ni‐Rich Layered Cathode Materials with Electrochemo‐Mechanically Compliant Microstructures for All‐Solid‐State Li Batteries
Authors: Jung Sung Hoo , Kim Un‐Hyuck , Kim Jae‐Hyung , Jun Seunggoo , Yoon Chong S. , Jung Yoon Seok , Sun Yang‐Kook 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhile Ni‐rich cathode materials combined with highly conductive and mechanically sinterable sulfide solid electrolytes are imperative for practical all‐solid‐state Li batteries (ASLBs), they suffer from poor performance. Moreover, the prevailing wisdom regarding the use of Li[Ni,Co,Mn]O2 in conventional liquid electrolyte cells, that is, increased capacity upon increased Ni content, at the expense of degraded cycling stability, has not been applied in ASLBs. In this work, the effect of overlooked but dominant electrochemo‐mechanical on the performance of Ni‐rich cathodes in ASLBs are elucidated by complementary analysis. While conventional Li[Ni0.80Co0.16Al0.04]O2 (NCA80) with randomly oriented grains is prone to severe particle disintegration even at the initial cycle, the radially oriented rod‐shaped grains in full‐concentration gradient Li[Ni0.75Co0.10Mn0.15]O2 (FCG75) accommodate volume changes, maintaining mechanical integrity. This accounts for their different performance in terms of reversible capacity (156 vs 196 mA h g−1), initial Coulombic efficiency (71.2 vs 84.9%), and capacity retention (46.9 vs 79.1% after 200 cycles) at 30 °C. The superior interfacial stability for FCG75/Li6PS5Cl to for NCA80/Li6PS5Cl is also probed. Finally, the reversible operation of FCG75/Li ASLBs is demonstrated. The excellent performance of FCG75 ranks at the highest level in the ASLB field.
A Temperature‐Responsive Electrolyte Endowing Superior Safety Characteristic of Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhou Qian , Dong Shanmu , Lv Zhaolin , Xu Gaojie , Huang Lang , Wang Qinglei , Cui Zili , Cui Guanglei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLithium metal batteries (LMBs) have attracted wide attention due to their high energy density. However, flammable organic carbonate electrolytes are associated with severe parasitic reactions and huge safety hazards for LMBs. Herein, a smart temperature‐responsive electrolyte is presented that demonstrates two distinct polymerization behaviors in LMBs. Through an anionic polymerization triggered by lithium metal, this electrolyte forms a favorable polymer protection layer on lithium anodes at ambient temperature, leading to a reversible Li plating/stripping behavior over 2000 h, and dendrite‐free morphology even under a current density of 10 mA cm−2. On suffering from thermal abuse, this electrolyte can be rapidly transformed from liquid into solid by a thermal free radical polymerization, thus realizing significant improvements in safety performance without internal short‐circuit failures thus achieving safe operation even at a temperature of 150 °C. It is noted that no thermal runway occurs even at an extremely high temperature of 280 °C. It is believed that this study not only offers new valuable insights in interfacial chemistry of electrolytes, but also opens up new avenue to develop safe LMBs.
Self‐Assembly of Coordination Polyhedra with Highly Entangled Faces Induced by Metal–Acetylene Interactions
Authors: Domoto Yuya , Abe Masahiro , Kikuchi Takashi , Fujita Makoto 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe self‐assembly of nanostructures is dominated by a limited number of strong coordination elements. Herein, we show that metal–acetylene π‐coordination of a tripodal ligand (L) with acetylene spacers gave an M3L2 double‐propeller motif (M=CuI or AgI), which dimerized into an M6L4 interlocked cage (M=CuI). Higher (M3L2)n oligomers were also selectively obtained: an M12L8 truncated tetrahedron (M=CuI) and an M18L12 truncated trigonal prism (M=AgI), both of which contain the same double‐propeller motif. The higher oligomers exhibit multiply entangled facial structures that are classified as a trefoil knot and a Solomon link. The inner cavities of the structures encapsulate counteranions, revealing a potential new strategy towards the synthesis of functional hollow structures that is powered by molecular entanglements.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy following resection of a fourth ventricle tumour
Authors: Ashcroft A. J. , McKinlay J. , Sira J. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryTakotsubo cardiomyopathy is a rare disorder associated with catecholamine discharge in response to episodes of stress. We present the case of a 39‐year‐old patient with no other significant medical history who suffered acute ECG changes, left ventricular dysfunction with regional wall motion abnormalities and raised cardiac enzymes following a period of severe and sustained hypertension and tachycardia associated with resection of tumour from the floor of the fourth ventricle. We believe this to be only the second case of a takotsubo cardiomyopathy related to intracranial surgery. It demonstrates the need for consideration, recognition and diagnosis of takotsubo cardiomyopathy following periods of severe peri‐operative stress.
Superhydrophobic polyimide aerogels via conformal coating strategy with excellent underwater performances
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Jin , Zhao Yibo , Zhang Xuetong 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTThe hydrophobilization of aerogels is critical for their long‐term application due to their highly open‐porous structures, while the hydrophobilization strategies for polyimide (PI) aerogels are limited. In the present work, a feasible strategy to synthesize superhydrophobic PI aerogels is proposed via a conformal‐coating process. The resulting PI aerogels (F‐PI) exhibit high contact angles up to 156°. Impressively, the F‐PI aerogels show excellent water‐resistant capacity not only in the ambient condition but also in the high‐pressure water up to 0.5 MPa, where the liquid cannot or only partially permeate into the aerogel's open pores. Besides, the F‐PI aerogels possess high Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surfaces areas (185 m2 g−1), high Young's modulus (3 MPa), low thermal conductivity (0.056 W m−1·k−1), and variable densities. All these parameters are found to be well preserved after high pressure (0.1–0.2 MPa) water treatment, further indicating the excellent water‐resistant performance of the F‐PI aerogels. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48849.
Study of Z‐boson production in di‐lepton channel on pPb collisions at
Authors: Ramirez Dario , Rodriguez Dairon , Jung Hannes , Guzman Fernando 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThere is a growing interest in the analysis of the most recent results of the ALICE, ATLAS, and CMS detectors in asymmetric systems (pPb) due to the possibility of establishing some theoretical prescriptions for PbPb collisions and gaining insight this way into the behavior of the medium itself. The analysis of data in both cases can allow the understanding of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) under different regimes. For the study of the initial state in proton‐led collisions at 5.02 TeV, in this contribution, the Drell‐Yan process was chosen once the inclusive lepton production represents a clean process, independent of the color degree of freedoms. For this study, an extension of the Glauber model was considered for the cross section. Under this approach, we can examine the initial vertex of the hard process described by the proton–proton (pp) signal cross section σpp and apply the usual standard calculations through the factorization theorem. We focused on the analysis of the pT (transverse momentum) distribution and compared the role of different factorization schema in the behavior of the distribution at low pT.
Genetics’ Piece of the PI: Inferring the Origin of Complex Traits and Diseases from Proteome‐Wide Protein–Protein Interaction Dynamics
Authors: Gauthier Louis , Stynen Bram , Serohijos Adrian W. R. , Michnick Stephen W. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHow do common and rare genetic polymorphisms contribute to quantitative traits or disease risk and progression? Multiple human traits have been extensively characterized at the genomic level, revealing their complex genetic architecture. However, it is difficult to resolve the mechanisms by which specific variants contribute to a phenotype. Recently, analyses of variant effects on molecular traits have uncovered intermediate mechanisms that link sequence variation to phenotypic changes. Yet, these methods only capture a fraction of genetic contributions to phenotype. Here, in reviewing the field, it is proposed that complex traits can be understood by characterizing the dynamics of biochemical networks within living cells, and that the effects of genetic variation can be captured on these networks by using protein–protein interaction (PPI) methodologies. This synergy between PPI methodologies and the genetics of complex traits opens new avenues to investigate the molecular etiology of human diseases and to facilitate their prevention or treatment.
Identification of prognostic genes in adrenocortical carcinoma microenvironment based on bioinformatic methods
Authors: Li Xiao , Gao Yang , Xu Zicheng , Zhang Zheng , Zheng Yuxiao , Qi Feng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo identify prognostic genes which were associated with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) tumor microenvironment (TME).Methods and materialsTranscriptome profiles and clinical data of ACC samples were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We use ESTIMATE (estimation of stromal and Immune cells in malignant tumor tissues using expression data) algorithm to calculate immune scores, stromal scores and estimate scores. Heatmap and volcano plots were applied for differential analysis. Venn plots were used for intersect genes selection. We used protein‐protein interaction (PPI) networks and functional analysis to explore underlying pathways. After performing stepwise regression method and multivariate Cox analysis, we finally screened hub genes associated with ACC TME. We calculated risk scores (RS) for ACC cases based on multivariate Cox results and evaluated the prognostic value of RS shown by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). We investigated the association between hub genes with immune infiltrates supported by algorithm from online TIMER database.ResultsGene expression profiles and clinical data were downloaded from TCGA. Lower immune scores were observed in disease with distant metastasis (DM) and locoregional recurrence (LR) than other cases (P = .0204). Kaplan‐Meier analysis revealed that lower immune scores were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (P = .0495). We screened 1649 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1521 DEGs based on immune scores and stromal scores, respectively. Venn plots helped us find 1122 intersect genes. After analysing by cytoHubba from Cytoscape software, 18 hub genes were found. We calculated RS and ROC showed significantly predictive accuracy (area under curve (AUC) = 0.887). ACC patients with higher RS had worse survival outcomes (P < .0001). Results from TIMER (tumor immune estimation resource) database revealed that HLA‐DOA was significantly related with immune cells infiltration.ConclusionWe screened a list of TME‐related genes which predict poor survival outcomes in ACC patients from TCGA database.
Revascularization and vital pulp therapy in immature molars with necrotic pulp and irreversible pulpitis: A case report with two‐year follow‐up
Authors: Ramezani Masoumeh , Sanaei‐rad Parisa , Hajihassani Neda 
Published: December 2019

AbstractManagement of teeth with inflamed pulp has been always a challenge. Revascularization and vital pulp therapy are suggested as procedures for successful treatment of immature molars diagnosed with pulp necrosis and irreversible pulpitis, respectively.
Optimal design for classification of functional data
Authors: Li Cai , Xiao Luo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe study the design problem for the optimal classification of functional data. The goal is to select sampling time points so that functional data observed at these time points can be classified accurately. We propose optimal designs that are applicable to either dense or sparse functional data. Using linear discriminant analysis, we formulate our design objectives as explicit functions of the sampling points. We study the theoretical properties of the proposed design objectives and provide a practical implementation. The performance of the proposed design is evaluated through simulations and real data applications.The Canadian Journal of Statistics48: 285–307; 2020 © 2019 Statistical Society of Canada
The Compensation Effect Mechanism of Fe–Ni Mixed Prussian Blue Analogues in Aqueous Rechargeable Aluminum‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gao Yaning , Yang Haoyi , Wang Xinran , Bai Ying , Zhu Na , Guo Shuainan , Suo Liumin , Li Hong , Xu Huajie , Wu Chuan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAn aluminum‐ion battery was assembled with potassium nickel hexacyanoferrate (KNHCF) as a cathode and Al foil as an anode in aqueous electrolyte for the first time, based on Al3+ intercalation and deintercalation. A combination of ex situ XRD, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT), and differential capacity analysis was used to unveil the crystal structure changes and the insertion/extraction mechanism of Al3+. Al3+ could reversibly insert/extract into/from KNHCF nanoparticles through a single‐phase reaction with reduction/oxidation of Fe and Ni. Over long‐term cycling, it was Fe rather than Ni that contributed to more capacity owing to the dissolution of Ni from the KNHCF structure, which could be expressed as a compensation effect of mixed redox centers in KNHCF. KNHCF delivered an initial discharge capacity of 46.5 mAh g−1. The capacity decay could be attributed to the unstable interface between Al foil and the aqueous electrolyte owing to the catalytic activity of the Ni transferring from Ni dissolution of KNHCF to the Al foil anode, rather than KNHCF structure collapse; KNHCF maintained its 3 D framework structure for 500 cycles. This work is expected to inspire more exhaustive investigations of the mechanisms that occur in aluminum‐ion batteries.
Comparative phylogeography of mainland and insular species of Neotropical molossid bats (Molossus)
Authors: Loureiro Livia O. , Engstrom Mark D. , Lim Burton K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHistorical events, habitat preferences, and geographic barriers might result in distinct genetic patterns in insular versus mainland populations. Comparison between these two biogeographic systems provides an opportunity to investigate the relative role of isolation in phylogeographic patterns and to elucidate the importance of evolution and demographic history in population structure. Herein, we use a genotype‐by‐sequencing approach (GBS) to explore population structure within three species of mastiff bats (Molossus molossus,M. coibensis, andM. milleri), which represent different ecological histories and geographical distributions in the genus. We tested the hypotheses that oceanic straits serve as barriers to dispersal in Caribbean bats and that isolated island populations are more likely to experience genetic drift and bottlenecks in comparison with highly connected ones, thus leading to different phylogeographic patterns. We show that population structures vary according to general habitat preferences, levels of population isolation, and historical fluctuations in climate. In our dataset, mainland geographic barriers played only a small role in isolation of lineages. However, oceanic straits posed a partial barrier to the dispersal for some populations within some species (M. milleri), but do not seem to disrupt gene flow in others (M. molossus). Lineages on distant islands undergo genetic bottlenecks more frequently than island lineages closer to the mainland, which have a greater exchange of haplotypes.
Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensor Based on CeO2−SnO2 Nanocomposite Loaded on Pd Support for Determination of Nitrite at Trace Levels
Authors: Mahmoodi Aram , Ensafi Ali A. , Rezaei Behzad 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHere, an electrochemical sensor based on CeO2‐SnO2/Pd was prepared and used for highly selective and sensitive determination of nitrite in some real samples. This nanocomposite was characterized by various methods like X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical behavior of the sensor was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry. The results showed excellent catalytic property of the nanocomposite as a an electrocatalyst for nitrite oxidation. In the following, the experimental parameters affecting the analytical signal for nitrite were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the limit of detection and sensitivity of the sensor were calculated as 0.10 μM and 652.95 μA.mM−1.cm−2, respectively. Also, the response of the sensor was linear in the range of 0.36 to 2200 μM of nitrite. Finally, some of the inherent features of the sensor such as repeatability, reproducibility and stability were examined after evaluation of the sensor selectivity in the presence of several interfering species.
Groundwater recharge from an oxbow lake‐wetland system in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain
Authors: Gratzer Michael C. , Davidson Gregg R. , O'Reilly Andrew M. , Rigby James R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer ranks among the most overdrafted aquifers in the United States due to intensive irrigation. Concern over declining water levels has increased focus on understanding the sources of recharge. Numerous oxbow lakes overlie the aquifer that are often considered hydraulically disconnected from the groundwater system due to fine‐grained bottom sediments. In the current study, groundwater levels in and around a 445‐ha oxbow lake‐wetland in Mississippi were monitored for a 2‐year period that included an unusually long low‐water condition in the lake (>17 months), followed by a high‐water event lasting over 4 months before returning to earlier low‐water levels. The high‐water pulse (>4 m rise) provided a unique opportunity to track the impact in the underlying alluvial aquifer. During low‐water conditions, groundwater flowed westward beneath the lake. Following the lake rise, groundwater beneath and near the perimeter responded as quickly as the same day, with more delayed responses moving away from the lake. Within 2 months, a groundwater mound formed near the centre of the oxbow (>3 m increase), with a reversal in the local hydraulic gradient towards the east. Flow returned to a westward gradient when the lake level dropped back below 0.3 m. Analysis of precipitation and nearby river stage could not account for the observed behavior. Recharge to the aquifer is attributed to rising water levels spreading over point bar deposits and into the surrounding forested wetlands where preferential flow pathways are likely to exist due to buried and decomposing tree remains. An earlier study in the wetland demonstrated an increasing redox potential in isolated zones, consistent with the existence of preferential flow pathways through the bottom sediments (Lahiri & Davidson, 2020). Retaining high‐water levels in oxbow lakes could be a relatively low‐cost water management practice for enhancing aquifer recharge.
Assessing international commonality in macroeconomic uncertainty and its effects
Authors: Carriero Andrea , Clark Todd E. , Marcellino Massimiliano 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThis paper uses a large vector autoregression to measure international macroeconomic uncertainty and its effects on major economies. We provide evidence of significant commonality in macroeconomic volatility, with one common factor driving strong comovement across economies and variables. We measure uncertainty and its effects with a large model in which the error volatilities feature a factor structure containing time‐varying global components and idiosyncratic components. Global uncertainty contemporaneously affects both the levels and volatilities of the included variables. Our new estimates of international macroeconomic uncertainty indicate that surprise increases in uncertainty reduce output and stock prices, adversely affect labor market conditions, and in some economies lead to an easing of monetary policy.
Moderating Loss Aversion: Loss Aversion Has Moderators, But Reports of its Death are Greatly Exaggerated
Authors: Mrkva Kellen , Johnson Eric J. , Gächter Simon , Herrmann Andreas 
Published: December 2019

Loss aversion, the principle that losses impact decision making more than equivalent gains, is a fundamental idea in consumer behavior and decision making, though its existence has recently been called into question. Across five unique samples (Ntotal = 17,720), we tested several moderators of loss aversion, which supported a preference construction account. Across studies, more domain knowledge and experience were associated with lower loss aversion, though people of all knowledge and experience levels were loss averse. Among car buyers, those who knew more about a particular car attribute (e.g., fuel economy) were less loss averse for that attribute but not other attributes (e.g., comfort), consistent with the idea that people with less attribute knowledge are more likely to construct preferences, thereby increasing loss aversion. Additionally, older consumers were more loss averse across different loss aversion measures and studies. We discuss implications for several accounts of loss aversion, including accounts rooted in status quo bias, emotion, or ownership. In addition to discovering loss aversion moderators, we cast doubt on recent claims that loss aversion is a fallacy or is fully explained by status quo bias, risk aversion, or the educated laboratory samples often used to study loss aversion.