bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feature-Oriented Joint Time-Lapse Seismic and Electromagnetic History Matching Using Ensemble Methods
Authors: Zhang Yanhui , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: October 2020

SummaryWe propose a feature-oriented ensemble history-matching workflow with a focus on the integration of time-lapse seismic and electromagnetic (EM) data. The developed workflow consists of two main steps. First, the rock cross-properties, such as water saturation and porosity relating to both seismic and EM attributes, are estimated by joint inversion of seismic and EM data using an iterative ensemble smoother (ES). Second, the remaining model parameters of interest, such as permeability, are calibrated using the updated cross-properties. To assimilate the inverted-saturation information efficiently, we take a feature-oriented integration approach in which front positions are identified from the inverted-saturation field. Related model parameters are then conditioned to the interpreted fronts using the iterative ES with a distance parameterization. The novelty of the proposed approach consists of combining the feature-oriented history matching with ensemble-based geophysical inversion to achieve an efficient joint integration of multiple sources of geophysical data. The performance of the proposed history-matching workflow is examined using a 2D channelized reservoir model and a more-realistic 3D reservoir model with a crosswell configuration for seismic and EM surveys. It is demonstrated that the developed workflow provides a novel and effective way to calibrate reservoir models with multiple sources of geophysical data. The experimental results show a positive synergy effect on the characterization of model variables by jointly assimilating seismic and EM data.
Wearable Hip-assist Robot Modulates Cortical Activation during Gait in Stroke Patients: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Lee Su-Hyun , Lee Hwang-Jae , Shim Youngbo , Chang Won Hyuk , Choi Byung-Ok , Ryu Gyu-Ha , Kim Yun-Hee 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Gait dysfunction is common in post-stroke patients as a result of impairment in cerebral gait mechanism. Powered robotic exoskeletons are promising tools to maximize neural recovery by delivering repetitive walking practice. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the modulating effect of the Gait Enhancing and Motivating System-Hip (GEMS-H) on cortical activation during gait in patients with chronic stroke. Methods. Twenty chronic stroke patients performed treadmill walking at a self-selected speed either with assistance of GEMS-H (GEMS-H) or without assistance of GEMS-H (NoGEMS-H). Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxyHb) concentration in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex (SMC), premotor cortices (PMC), supplemental motor areas (SMA), and prefrontal cortices (PFC) were recorded using functional near infrared spectroscopy. Results Walking with the GEMS-H promoted symmetrical SMC activation, with more activation in the affected hemisphere than in NoGEMS-H conditions. GEMS-H also decreased oxyHb concentration in the late phase over the ipsilesional SMC and bilateral SMA (P < 0.05). Conclusions The results of the present study reveal that the GEMS-H promoted more SMC activation and a balanced activation pattern that helped to restore gait function. Less activation in the late phase over SMC and SMA during gait with GEMS-H indicates that GEMS-H reduces the cortical participation of stroke gait by producing rhythmic hip flexion and extension movement and allows a more coordinate and efficient gait patterns. Clinical trial registration NCT03048968. Registered 06 Feb 2017.
Expanding Medical Student Interaction In Neurology With A Redesigned Student Interest Group In Neurology (Sign) Chapter
Authors: Gummi Rohit , Smith Ross , Govindarajan Raghav 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Student Interest Group in Neurology (SIGN) chapters across the medical schools in the United States provide opportunities for medical students to participate in clinical, research, and service activities in neurology. Despite these, applicants for the field of neurology have traditionally been low.Methods: Following changes were introduced: an open board style SIGN chapter executive committee with greater active engagement of first and second year students. New activities included journal clubs, hands on workshops, celebration/cause events (example ALS walk). In addition, a free neurology clinic was introduced. Activities were planned in consultation with office of medical education, and were organized during ‘down times’. Data on student enrollment, activities successfully carried out, students interested in neurology residency, number of neurology-related research projects with student involvement were collected prior to changes and compared to values after changes were introduced.Results: Post intervention, student engagement in neurology activities and projects increased significantly. However, a similar increase in applications to neurology residency was not yet observed.Conclusions: An open chapter with early engagement and involvement of first and second year medical students, creating a variety of chapter activities with greater hands on involvement, planned in conjunction with office of medical education has reinvigorated our SIGN chapter.
Prognostic value of the ALBI grade among patients with single hepatocellular carcinoma without macrovascular invasion
Authors: Chen Wenhao , Zhang Zijian , Wang Huan , Xiong Li , Wen Yu , Zhou Jiangjiao , Kong Fanhua , Zou Heng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Although evidence for the application of albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) grading system to assess liver function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is available, less is known whether it can be applied to determine the prognosis of single HCC with different tumor sizes. This study aimed to address this gap.Methods: Here, we enrolled patients who underwent hepatectomy due to single HCC from the year 2010 to 2014. Analyses were performed to test the potential of ALBI grading system to monitor the long-term survival of single HCC subjects with varying tumor sizes.Results: Overall, 265 participants were recruited. The overall survival (OS) among patients whose tumors were ≤ 7 cm was remarkably higher compared to those whose tumors were > 7 cm. The Cox proportional hazards regression model identified the tumor differentiation grade, ALBI grade, and maximum tumor size as key determinants of the OS. The ALBI grade could stratify the patients who had a single tumor ≤ 7 cm into two distinct groups with different prognoses. The OS between ALBI grades 1 and 2 was comparable for patients who had a single tumor > 7 cm.Conclusions: We show that ALBI grading system can predict disease outcomes of single HCC patients with tumor size ≤ 7 cm. However, the ALBI grade may not predict capability the prognosis of patients with single tumor > 7 cm.
Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging can be used to predict the pathologic stages of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Guo Na , Zeng Weike , Deng Hong , Hu Huijun , Cheng Ziliang , Yang Zehong , Jiang Shuqi , Duan Xiaohui , Shen Jun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate whether quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) pharmacokinetic parameters can be used to predict the pathologic stages of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). Methods: For this prospective study, DCE-MRI was performed in participants with OTSCC from May 2016 to June 2017. The pharmacokinetic parameters, including K trans , K ep , V e , and V p , were derived from DCE-MRI by utilizing a two-compartment extended Tofts model and a three-dimensional volume of interest. The postoperative pathologic stage was determined in each patient based on the 8th AJCC cancer staging manual. The quantitative DCE-MRI parameters were compared between stage I-II and stage III-IV lesions. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of tumor stages, followed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate the predictive performance. Results: The mean K trans , K ep and V p values were significantly lower in stage III-IV lesions compared with stage I-II lesions ( p = 0.013, 0.005 and 0.011, respectively). K ep was an independent predictor for the advanced stages as determined by univariate and multivariate logistic analysis. ROC analysis showed that K ep had the highest predictive capability, with a sensitivity of 64.3%, a specificity of 82.6%, a positive predictive value of 81.8%, a negative predictive value of 65.5%, and an accuracy of 72.5%. Conclusion: The quantitative DCE-MRI parameter K ep can be used as a biomarker for predicting pathologic stages of OTSCC.
Factors associated with the Uptake of Immediate Postpartum Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices(PPIUCD) in Rwanda: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Kanakuze Chris Adrien , Dan Kaye K , Musabirema Priscilla , Pascal Nkubito , Mbalinda Scovia Nalugo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Rwanda has a high unmet need for family planning which could be reduced by improving access to postpartum intrauterine contraceptives device (PPIUCD) insertion. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with the uptake of PPIUCD among postpartum women in Muhima Hospital.Methods: A concurrent mixed-method study was used. Three hundred eight three (383) immediate postpartum mothers, and 10 health services providers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews respectively. Logistics regression was done to assess for factors associated with PPIUCD uptake and thematic analysis was used for qualitative data.Results: The prevalence for PPIUCD use was 28.1% , women who had spontaneous vaginal delivery were more likely to take up PPIUCD (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 2.623, 95%CI=2.017-6.507 compared to those who had cesarean section; women who received PPIUCD counselling during the antenatal period were more likely to use PPIUCD ((AOR 2.072, 95%CI=1.018-4.218) as compared to those who didn’t receive any form of counselling; mothers who received spouse approval were more likely to use PPIUCD (AOR 2.591,95%CI= 1.485-4.492); as compared to those who didn’t receive any spousal approval; women who had more than one child were more likely to use PPIUCD (AOR =2.265, 95%CI=1.472-3.163) as compared to prime gravida; Mothers with birth to pregnancy interval less than two years were more likely to use PPIUCD (AOR =2.123, CI =1.477-2.706) as compared to those who had birth to pregnancy interval more than 2 years. From the qualitative findings, health education of mothers and partners on PPIUCD, training of health care providers, and availability of supplies to provide PPIUCD influenced the use of PPIUCD. Conclusion: The acceptability to use for PPIUCD was high in this population. PPIUCD uptake was associated with normal birth, PPIUCD counselling, spousal approval, parity, birth interval, level of education. Health education of mothers and partners on PPIUCD, training of health providers, and availability of supplies to provide PPIUCD influenced uptake of PPIUCD.
Assessment of the susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) populations to pyriproxyfen and malathion in a nation-wide monitoring of insecticide resistance performed in Brazil from 2017 to 2018.
Authors: Campos Kauara Brito , Martins Ademir Jesus , Rodovalho Cynara de Melo , Bellinato Diogo Fernandes , Dias Luciana dos Santos , Macoris Maria de Lourdes da Graça , Andrighetti Maria Teresa Macoris , Lima José Bento Pereira , Obara Marcos Takashi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Chemical mosquito control using malathion has been applied in Brazil since 1985. To obtain chemical control effectiveness, vector susceptibility insecticide monitoring is required. This study aimed to describe bioassay standardizations and determine the susceptibility profile of Ae. aegypti populations to malathion and pyriproxyfen, used on a national scale in Brazil between 2017 and 2018, and discuss the observed impacts in arbovirus control. Methods: The diagnostic-doses (DD) of pyriproxyfen and malathion were determined as the double of adult emergence inhibition (EI) and lethal doses for 99% of the Rockefeller reference strain, respectively. To monitor natural populations, samplings were performed in 132 Brazilian cities, through egg traps. Colonies were raised in the laboratory for one or two generations (F1 or F2) and submitted to susceptibility tests, where larvae were exposed to the pyriproxyfen DD (0.03 µg/L) and adults, to the malathion DD determined in the present study (20 µg), in addition to the one established by the World Health Organization (WHO) DD (50 µg) in a bottle assay. Dose-response (DR) bioassays with pyriproxyfen were performed on populations that did not achieve 98% EI in the DD assays. Results: Susceptibility alterations to pyriproxyfen were recorded in six (4.5%) Ae. aegypti populations from the states of Bahia and Ceará, with Resistance Ratios (RR95) ranging from 1.51 to 3.58. Concerning malathion, 73 (55.3%) populations distributed throughout the country were resistant when exposed to the local DD 20µg/bottle. On the other hand, no population was resistant, and only 10 (7.6%) populations in eight states were considered as exhibiting decreased susceptibility (mortality ratios between 90 and 98%) when exposed to the WHO DD (50 µg/bottle). Conclusions: The feasibility of conducting an insecticide resistance monitoring action on a nation-wide scale was confirmed herein, employing standardized and strongly coordinated sampling methods and laboratory bioassays. Brazilian Ae. aegypti populations exhibiting decreased susceptibility to pyriproxyfen were identified. The local DD for malathion was more sensitive than the WHO DD for early decreased susceptibility detection.
Association of VEGF Haplotypes with Breast Cancer Risk in North-West Indians
Authors: Sambyal Vasudha , Guleria Kamlesh , Kapahi Ruhi , Manjari Mridu , Sudan Meena , Uppal Manjit Singh , Singh Neeti Rajan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis is a complex and coordinated process regulated by different growth factors and is one of the hallmark features of cancer. VEGF is one of the most important endothelial cell mitogen and has a critical role in normal physiological and tumor angiogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential association of haplotypes of six VEGF polymorphisms with breast cancer risk in North-West Indians. Methods: Samples of 250 breast cancer patients and 250 age and gender matched controls were genotyped for VEGF -2578C/A, -2549I/D, -460T/C, +405C/G, -7C/T and +936C/T polymorphisms. Haplotypes were generated to determine the better contribution of VEGF polymorphisms to breast cancer risk. Results: Haplotypes CDTCCC (OR = 0.56, 95%CI, 0.38-0.81; p = 0.003) and CDTGCC (OR = 0.63, 95%CI, 0.44-0.92; p = 0.018) of VEGF -2578C/A, -2549I/D, -460T/C, +405C/G, -7C/T and +936C/T polymorphisms were significantly associated with decreased risk of breast cancer. CDTCCC haplotype was also significantly associated with reduced risk of breast cancer in pre and post menopausal as well as both obese and non obese patients. Haplotype CDTGCC was marginally associated (p = 0.07) with reduced risk of breast cancer in non-obese patients as compared with non-obese controls where as haplotype AICGTC was marginally associated (p = 0.09) with reduced risk of breast cancer in obese patients when compared with non-obese patients. The CDTGCC haplotype was significantly associated with increased risk of breast cancer in premenopausal obese patients (OR = 1.98, 95%CI, 1.10-3.56; p = 0.02). Conclusions: Our data indicated that CDTCCC and CDTGCC haplotypes of VEGF -2578C/A, -2549I/D, -460T/C, +405C/G, -7C/T and +936C/T polymorphisms were significantly associated with breast cancer risk in North-West Indians. Further studies on multiethnic groups with larger sample size are required to confirm our results.
Effect of Controlled Hypertension on Hemostasis Before Closure of the Operative Incision in Patients Undergoing Vertical Partial Laryngectomy: A&nbsp;Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Fu Danyun , Pan Yiting , Fan Qing , Guo Ying , Zhang Ming 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the efficacy of controlled hypertension on hemostasis before closure of the operative incision in vertical partial laryngectomy (VPL).Methods: Seventy males scheduled for VPL were randomly assigned to Group H who received either ephedrine or phenylephrine to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 90–110 mmHg 10 min before the operative incision closure or to Group N who received normal saline. The primary endpoint was the volume of drainage after surgery. Heart rate, MAP, surgical field bleeding score before and after drug administration, the amount of liquid administered, operation and recovery durations were recorded. Heart rate, MAP, incisional bleeding score, coughing score, nausea and vomiting score, and frequency of bloody sputum aspiration were also recorded when the patient left the postanesthesia care unit and at 6 and 24 hours postoperatively.Results: The intraoperative bleeding score of the surgical field was significantly higher in patients receiving vasopressor. The volume of drainage in control group was more than that in Group H at different time points after surgery. Compared with Group N, Group H had a significantly lower incisional bleeding score and frequency of bloody sputum aspiration at all time-points after surgery, and a significantly lower nausea and vomiting score at 6 and 24 hours postoperatively. Conclusion: Controlled hypertension (MAP 90–110 mmHg) before wound closure may be used as an alternative way to detect intraoperative bleeding points in patients undergoing VPL, which also decreased the postoperative volume of drainage and the incidences of nausea and vomiting.Trial registration: The China Clinical Research Information Service (registration number, ChiCTR1900026097). Registered 21 September 2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=37850
Identification of key target genes and pathway analysis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Chen Xi , Zhang Lian , Wang Yanyan , Li Ruien , Yang Ming , Gao Lei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and develop new diagnostic biomarkers for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
Methods
The microarray dataset GES83452 was downloaded from the NCBI-GEO database, and the differentially expressed RNAs (DERs) were screened between the NAFLD and non-NAFLD samples of the baseline and 1-year follow-up time point group based on the Limma package. Subsequently, the lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulation network was constructed, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses on the regulated target genes in the ceRNA regulatory network were performed based on DAVID. Finally, PharmGKB database was used to search for the gene-related drug molecules, and the gene–drug connection network was constructed.
Results
A total of 561 DERs (268 downregulated and 293 upregulated) were screened in the baseline time point group, and 1163 DERs (522 downregulated and 641 upregulated) were screened in the 1-year follow-up time point group. A total of 74 lncRNA–miRNA pairs and 523 miRNA–mRNA pairs were obtained to construct lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA regulatory network. Subsequently, functional enrichment analysis revealed 28 GO and 9 KEGG pathways in the ceRNA regulatory network. LEPR and CXCL10 are involved in the Cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction (P = 1.86E-02), and the FOXO1 is involved in both the Insulin signaling pathway (P = 1.79E-02) and the pathways in cancer (P = 2.87E-02).
Conclusion
LEPR, CXCL10, and FOXO1 were the characteristic target genes for NAFLD.
The Pathogenesis of Proventricular Dilatation Disease Caused by Parrot Bornaviruses: A Possible&nbsp;Role For Neuropeptide Y (Npy)
Authors: Chen Jingshu , Guo Jianhua , Tian Yanan , Tizard Ian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background

Psittacine Bornaviruses cause a unique disease syndrome in parrots and related birds. Known as proventricular dilatation disease (PDD), it is characterized by massive dilatation of their proventriculus as a result of excessive food accumulation within that organ. This leads to gastric obstruction and eventually, to death by starvation.
Results

In a preliminary study on the transcriptome of psittacine bornavirus-infected human astroglia it was noted that the gene encoding neuropeptide Y was significantly upregulated. In a subsequent study of cockatiels experimentally infected with the same strain of psittacine bornavirus, their brains were examined by RNA-seq to determine which genes were being actively transcribed. It was confirmed that among the genes whose expression was significantly increased relative to control, uninfected birds was that for neuropeptide Y.
Conclusions

Neuropeptide Y is known to cause overeating in birds. We hypothesize therefore that the clinical manifestations of proventricular dilatation disease are a result of the excessive production of neuropeptide Y by bornavirus-infected brain cells acting in association with damage to the neurons of the proventricular myenteric plexus.
Outcome Following Local Injection of A Liquid Amnion Allograft for Treatment of Equine Tendonitis or Desmitis – 100 Cases.
Authors: Duddy Hugh R , Schoonover Mike J , Hague Brent A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Tendon and ligament injuries are significant causes of loss of use and early retirement in performance horses. Amniotic fluid and tissue are excellent sources of growth factors and cytokines important in tendon and ligament healing. Thus, a liquid amnion allograft (LAA) may be beneficial in the treatment of equine tendonitis and desmitis. Objectives: Report the outcome achieved (i.e. ability to return to work) for horses diagnosed with tendonitis or desmitis lesions treated with local injection of LAA and to compare these outcomes to those reported for other regenerative medicine modalities.Study design: Prospective, multi-center, non-blinded clinical trial.Methods: Equine veterinarians at 14 sites were selected to participate in the data collection for the trial. Criterion for inclusion was a horse presenting with lameness which was attributed to tendonitis or desmitis by diagnostic anesthesia and/or imaging. These horses were subsequently treated by local injection of the lesion with LAA by the attending veterinarian. Standardized questionnaires describing each horse’s signalmant, discipline, ability to return to work, and any adverse events were completed and submitted by the attending veterinarian following a minimum of six months follow-up.Results: Questionnaires for 100 horses with 128 tendonitis and desmitis lesions met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 72 horses with 94 lesions returned to or exceeded their original level of work, 10 horses with 13 lesions returned to work but could not perform to previous standards, and 18 horses with 20 lesions did not return to work as a result of the injury. The attending veterinarian for 92 horses reported satisfaction with the LAA and the response to therapy. Adverse events following administration of LAA were reported in 13 horses. Conclusions: Treatment of tendonitis and desmitis lesions by local injection of LAA achieves a similar rate of horses returning to previous level of performance as other regenerative modalities such as mesenchymal stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, and autologous conditioned serum; however, blinded placebo-controlled studies are indicated.