bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical and Tribological overview of ceramic particulates reinforced aluminium alloy composites
Authors: Bhaskar Sourabh , Kumar Mukesh , Patnaik Amar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This review manuscript highlights the effects of various ceramic particulates on different aspects like tribo-logical (sliding wear), mechanical and thermal behaviour etc. of aluminium alloy composites, across various operating parameters like normal load (N), sliding velocity (m/s), sliding distance (m), temperature (°C), reinforcement weight percentage. It also discusses different fabrication techniques of such composites as reported by various scholars. Such advanced alloyed-composites find frequent applications in automotives, military, marine, structural, etc. applications, where tribo-logical phenomenon plays a dominant role. The material scientists world-wide are actively engage in improving life of such components by enhancing their mechanical, physical, chemical etc. properties along with improvement in wear resistance in a cost-effective manner. This overall enhances the working efficiency of the component in required applications. Single or binary or hybrid ceramic reinforcement with varying content is explored by scholars and has ample scope of further exploration. It has been concluded from the literature review that ceramic reinforcement lead to significant enhancement in mechanical, tribological and thermal characteristics of Al alloy based MMCs. Further, the micro-sized ceramic particulates increase the interfacial bond strength between the matrix-reinforcement that enhances effective load transfer and sustain it at various tribological operating parameters, that further validated by surface morphology studies.
Spectrum of BRCA1/BRCA2 variants in 1419 Turkish breast and ovarian cancer patients: a single center study
Authors: Bahsi Taha , Erdem Haktan Bağış 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objectives
Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome is chacterized with multiple cases of breast cancer and/or ovarian cancer on the same side of the family. BRCA1/BRCA2 genes are associated with 20–25% of all patients. For developing national health policies for genetic testing, it is important to determine the range of pathogenic mutations in susceptibility genes and to identify recurrent founder mutations.

Materials and methods
All the patients were provided BRCA testing criteria according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network. QIAseq multiplex amplicon panel, BRCA MASTR™ Dx and Ion AmpliSeq Panel were used for BRCA1/BRCA2 coding regions. SALSA® MLPA® was performed for negative patients.

Results
Of 1419 patients, 134 (9.4%) were found to carry a pathogenic and 5 (0.3%) were found to carry a likely pathogenic mutation. Of those, 58 patients were found to carry a mutation in BRCA1 and 64 in BRCA2. Variant of uncertain significance was detected in 91 patients (6.4%).

Conclusion
The spectrum of BRCA1/2 mutations in Turkish population has been shown in the largest patient group to date. The thesis that founder mutations show diversity in different populations has been confirmed in our study, and the mutations that are common in Turkish population have been presented in this study.
A new ternary silicide GdFe1−

x
Si2 (x=0.32): preparation, crystal and electronic structure
Authors: Babizhetskyy Volodymyr , Köhler Jürgen , Tyvanchuk Yuriy , Zheng Chong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The title compound was prepared from the elements by arc-melting. The crystal structure was investigated by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in the TbFeSi2 structure type, orthorhombic space group Cmmm, a = 4.0496(8), b = 16.416(2), c = 3.9527(6) Å, Z = 4, R1 = 0.041, wR2 = 0.11 for 207 unique reflections with I
o > 2 σ(I
o) and 19 refined parameters. The Fe position is not fully occupied and the refinement results in a composition GdFe0.68Si2 in agreement with a chemical analysis. The structure consists of zig-zag chains of Si(1) atoms which are terminally bound to additional Si(2) atoms. For an ordered variant GdFe0.5Si2 the Zintl concept can be applied which results in formal oxidation states Gd3+(Fe2+)0.5Si(1)1−Si(2)3−. The electronic structure of this variant GdFe0.5Si2 was analyzed using the tight-binding LMTO method and the results confirm the simple bonding picture.
Contingent Convergence: The Ability To Detect Convergent Genomic Evolution Is Dependent on Population Size and Migration
Authors: Whiting James R , Fraser Bonnie A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Outlier scans, in which the genome is scanned for signatures of selection, have become a prominent tool in studies of local adaptation, and more recently studies of genetic convergence in natural populations. However, such methods have the potential to be confounded by features of demographic history, such as population size and migration, which are considerably varied across natural populations. In this study, we use forward-simulations to investigate and illustrate how several measures of genetic differentiation commonly used in outlier scans (FST, DXY and Δπ) are influenced by demographic variation across multiple sampling generations. In a factorial design with 16 treatments, we manipulate the presence/absence of founding bottlenecks (N of founding individuals), prolonged bottlenecks (proportional size of diverging population) and migration rate between two populations with ancestral and diverged phenotypic optima. Our results illustrate known constraints of individual measures associated with reduced population size and a lack of migration; but notably we demonstrate how relationships between measures are similarly dependent on these features of demography. We find that false-positive signals of convergent evolution (the same simulated outliers detected in independent treatments) are attainable as a product of similar population size and migration treatments (particularly for DXY), and that outliers across different measures (for e.g., FST and DXY) can occur with little influence of selection. Taken together, we show how underappreciated, yet quantifiable measures of demographic history can influence commonly employed methods for detecting selection.
Pervasive Strong Selection at the Level of Codon Usage Bias in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Machado Heather E , Lawrie David S , Petrov Dmitri A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Codon usage bias (CUB), where certain codons are used more frequently than expected by chance, is a ubiquitous phenomenon and occurs across the tree of life. The dominant paradigm is that the proportion of preferred codons is set by weak selection. While experimental changes in codon usage have at times shown large phenotypic effects in contrast to this paradigm, genome-wide population genetic estimates have supported the weak selection model. Here we use deep genomic population sequencing of two Drosophila melanogaster populations to measure selection on synonymous sites in a way that allowed us to estimate the prevalence of both weak and strong purifying selection. We find that selection in favor of preferred codons ranges from weak (|Nes| ∼ 1) to strong (|Nes| &gt; 10), with strong selection acting on 10–20% of synonymous sites in preferred codons. While previous studies indicated that selection at synonymous sites could be strong, this is the first study to detect and quantify strong selection specifically at the level of CUB. Further, we find that CUB-associated polymorphism accounts for the majority of strong selection on synonymous sites, with secondary contributions of splicing (selection on alternatively spliced genes, splice junctions, and spliceosome-bound sites) and transcription factor binding. Our findings support a new model of CUB and indicate that the functional importance of CUB, as well as synonymous sites in general, have been underestimated.
Lithoecotopes and Vegetation on Dumps of the Central Mining and Ore Enrichment Combine (the central zone of Kryvbass)
Authors: Voroshylova Natalia V. , Сhorna Valentina I. 
Published: December 2019

In the article, characteristics of development of vegetation communities under conditions of mine rock dumps of the Central Mining and Ore Enrichment Combine or their rocky components (lithoecotopes) were determined, namely only lithophilic vegetation. We сlassified various lithoecotopes and characterized vegetation communities of varying complexity growing on plateau tops, terraces and slopes, depending on specifics of their constituent rocks and typological features. In accordance with the state of lithoecotopes, including all typological characteristics and the geochemical nature of the rocks, plant lithophilic communities growing on the dumps of the Central Mining and Ore Enrichment Combine, were characterized by significant differences in analytical (floristic and ecomorphic composition, occurrence, layerage, aspect, abundance, cover) and synthetic (similarity, constancy) signs. A detailed survey of the state of plants and their communities within the lithoecotopes has allowed us to establish that their distribution and development have clearly expressed dependence on substrate and relief-exposure,which can be used in phytocoenic and phytocenotic melioration of such technogenic ecotopes. Native overgrowth of all dumps has a shrub-tree forest and grassy pattern in accordance with the typological characteristics and rock composition. In general, taxonomic composition of plant communities growing on the dumps of the Kryvbas central zone is characterised by 153 species belonging to 31 families, of which 66 species are petrophytes, and 18 species are typical only for zone surveyed.
Leopard Tortoise (Stigmochelys pardalis) Road Mortality and Extralimital Occurence in Western Cape, South Africa.
Authors: Baxter-Gilbert James , Riley Julia L 
Published: December 2019

During field surveys in the Spring of 2018 we made two observations of Leopard Tortoises (Stigmochelys pardalis) on roadsides near Lambert's Bay, WC, South Africa. One was a deceased adult female, killed as a result of a tortoise-vehicle collision. The other was a live adult females, which was move off the road in the direction she was headed. These observations illustrate that even the largest tortoise species in the region can be suseptable to road mortlaity, a known threat of turtle and torioses populations globally. Furthermore, these observations occured well outside the species presumed native range and listed introduced range.
Effect of Short and Long Term Irrigation with Treated Wastewater on Chemical Composition and Herbicidal Activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. Essential Oils
Authors: MAALOUL Aya , VERDEGUER SANCHO Mercedes , ODDO Martina , SAADAOUI Ezzeddine , JEBRI Monia , MICHALET Serge , DIJOUX-FRANCA Marie-Geneviève , MARS Mohamed , ROMDHANE Mehrez 
Published: December 2019

Water shortage throughout the world, especially in arid regions in the later decades has led to search for alternatives to save potable fresh water. Treated wastewater (TWW) appears to be an opportunity for irrigation. However, it could represent a stress factor for plants, and influence their metabolism, changing their secondary metabolites and, consequently, their biological properties. Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oil (EO) had been reported to possess phytotoxic activity. The main objective of this work was to compare the chemical composition and herbicidal activity of E. camaldulensis EO obtained from leaves of young plants and old trees irrigated with well water (WW) and TWW. Germination tests were performed in vitro against Amaranthus hybridus, Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crus-galli and Lolium perenne. The EOs composition was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A high percentage of oxygenated monoterpenes, with 1,8-cineole as main compound, was found in the EOs from leaves of young plants irrigated with both types of water. The EO from leaves of old trees irrigated with WW contained a main fraction of monoterpene hydrocarbons (45.17%) with p-cymene as principal compound. The highest herbicidal potential was shown by the EO from young plants irrigated with TWW. It completely inhibited A. hybridus and L. perenne germination, and nearly blocked the others at all concentrations assayed. It also showed strong phytotoxic activity on seedling length. The results suggest the possible use of TWW to irrigate Eucalyptus crops as it enhances the EOs herbicidal potential that could be used as natural herbicides.

In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
Somatic Embryogenesis Induction in Leaf and Root Explants of Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil., Cambess. and A. Juss.) Radlk.
Authors: MESSIAS Thiago da Silva , REZENDE Rodrigo Kelson Silva , Da SILVA Luciely Faustino , JESUS Maílson Vieira , NUNES Geisianny Pereira 
Published: December 2019

Allophylus edulis (A.St.-Hil., Cambess. and A. Juss.) Radlk., commonly known as cocum, belongs to the Sapindaceae family. This species is of great medicinal interest, with studies showing that its fruits have antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase, and cytotoxic activity. In addition, it is used in traditional medicine as an antidiarrheal, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive. The objective of this study was to perform somatic embryogenesis in vitro from leaf and root explants of Allophylus edulis, using different 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations combined with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). All treatments exhibited 100% callus formation, except for the treatment without supplementation of growth regulators. The calluses developed in treatments from leaf explants showed up to two colors (brown and brown/cream), and the highest fresh and dry mass was observed in the treatment with 0.5 mg L-1 of BAP with 0.1 mg L-1 of NAA. There was no shoot formation from the leaf explants. The callogenesis in treatments from root segments showed callus formation with up to three colors (brown, brown/cream, and cream/green), and the highest fresh and dry mass was obtained when cultivated with 2.0 mg L-1 of BAP combined with 0.1 mg L-1 of NAA. These auxin and cytokinin concentrations also showed a higher number of shoots. The interaction between auxin and cytokinin is recommended to obtain somatic embryogenesis in root segments and callus with morphological characteristics suitable for organogenesis.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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Foliar Micromorphology and Histochemical Localization of Specific Metabolites in the Leaves of Celosia argentea L.
Authors: ADEGBAJU Oluwafunmilayo Dorcas , OTUNOLA Gloria Aderonke , AFOLAYAN Anthony Jide 
Published: December 2019

Celosia argentea is an essential vegetable that is cultivated in the western part of Africa. This species has a growing reputation for its role in alleviating nutritional challenges and has found great application as herb of therapeutic importance in many regions of the world. This study investigated the foliar micromorphology and the histochemistry of Celosia argentea. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry and staining agents were used to evaluate the micromorphology of the plant. The result revealed sunken amphistomatic stomata distribution on both surfaces of the leaf. Anomocytic and anisocytic stomata complexes were also observed on both epidermal surfaces. A definitive protuberance was observed on the polar end of the adaxial stomata. Stomata apparatus was ellipsoidal with a mean length of 19.60 ± 0.56 µm, while the mean stomata densities on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces were 83.5 ± 2.12 mm‑2 and 194.18 ± 3.70 mm‑2 respectively. Trichomes (with a length of 100.94 ± 9.44 µm) were sparsely distributed on both surfaces; glandular trichomes were observed only on the abaxial surface. The EDX spectrometry revealed the presence of iron, oxygen, sodium, calcium, potassium and sulphur as the major elements on the leaf, while histochemical tests revealed the presence of polyphenols, starch and lipids. Our results could be used to support and validate the information database on the anatomy of Celosia argentea.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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Some Pomological Properties of Promising Seed Propagated Walnut Genotypes from Inner Turkey
Authors: KOC Aysen , KELES Hakan , ERCISLI Sezai 
Published: December 2019

In this study, fruits from seed propagated walnut (Juglans regia L.) trees were collected two consecutive years in harvest seasons in Yozgat province in Turkey. Considering two years results, promising five genotypes were determined as cultivar candidate. In the promising genotypes, nut weight ranged from 12.55 (Y11) to 15.08 g (Y15), kernel weight ranged from 5.23 (Y11) to 7.34 g (Y15) and kernel ratio varied between 41.67 (Y11) to 50.84% (Y1), respectively. Linoleic acid was the only polyunsaturated fatty acids and oleic, palmitoleic and gondoic acids determined as major monounsaturated acids ranged from 30.36 to 48.43%, 0.05 to 0.14% and 0.22 to 0.29%, respectively. Propylparaben was the major phenolic acid among the determined phenolic acids in fruits of all five promising genotypes and Y16 had the highest amount of propylparaben (128.08 mg per kg) in its kernel. Malic and tartaric acid were the major organic acids in walnut kernels ranged from 47.88 to 78.51 mg per 100 g and 30.27 to 49.60 mg per 100 g, respectively. L-ascorbic acid was the another organic acids in walnut kernels ranged from 10.71 to 19.71 mg per 100 g. Citric acid was non-determined in kernels of Y1, Y14 and Y15 but determined at kernels of Y11 and Y16 as 4.51 and 7.55 mg per 100 g, respectively. It was determined that the oxalic, malonic, succinic, maleic and fumaric acid contents varied between 8.39-12.08 mg per 100 g, 6.02-9.19 mg per 100 g, 2.86-5.32 mg per 100 g, 0.26-3.00 mg per 100 g and 0.26-0.58 mg per 100 g, respectively.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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Identification and Characterization of a SEPALLATA-like MADS-box Gene from Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: CHENG Yanwei , HE Peng , JIANG Lunwei , LIU Shiqiang , ZHOU Yong 
Published: December 2019

SEPALLATA (SEP) genes encode the E class MADS-box transcription factors that play vital roles in various aspects of plant growth and development. In this study, we isolated a SEP-like gene from cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), which was previously named as CsMADS01. CsMADS01 had a coding sequence (CDS) of 741 bp, and coded a deduced protein of 246 amino acid residues that was predicted to be located in the nucleus. The putative CsMADS01 protein was typically characterized by the MIKC-type MADS (including MADS, I, K, and C domains) and shared high homology with other SEP-like proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of CsMADS01 and SEP proteins from other plants revealed that CsMADS01 was a member of the SEP1/2 clade of SEP proteins and was the most closely related to ZjMADS48 from Chinese jujube. Promoter analysis showed that several cis-elements related to stress response and hormones were present in the promoter region of CsMADS01. Expression analysis indicated that CsMADS01 was highly expressed during the development of male and female flowers, and the expression increased gradually along with fruit development. Ectopic expression of CsMADS01 in Arabidopsis resulted in a phyllody-like phenotype and the transgenic plants never flowered. These results suggest that CsMADS01 plays an important role in the growth and development of cucumber.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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Effects of Mycorrhiza Inoculation and Grafting for Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Crop Under Low-Tech Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: OMBÓDI Attila , CSORBAINÉ GÓGÁN Andrea , BIRKÁS Zita , KAPPEL Noémi , MORIKAWA Claudio Kendi , KOCZKA Noémi , POSTA Katalin 
Published: December 2019

In low-cost, unheated greenhouses and tunnels the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and/or grafting can be a less expensive and sustainable solution to combat the adverse effects of monoculture, instead of costly soilless culture. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a commercially available AMF inoculant and grafting on sweet pepper, under circumstances of modelling commercial low-tech greenhouse production. ‘SV9702PP F1’ sweet pepper hybrid was cultivated for seven months in an unheated greenhouse. Beside the control, three treatments were applied: ungrafted AMF treated plants, plants grafted on ‘Bagi F1’ hybrid and AMF treated plus grafted plants. AMF was applied into the planting holes just before transplanting. AMF treatment had positive effects on relative chlorophyll content of leaves (expressed in SPAD value), on plant stand, on plant mass production, on yield and on root colonization rate, despite the high presence of indigenous populations of AMF in the greenhouse soil. With the applied rootstock/scion combination, grafting did not significantly affect the aforementioned parameters. SPAD values were increased by the AMF treatment during periods when smaller doses of nitrogen (less than 0.8 g N per m-2 week-1) were applied. Significant positive correlation was found between root colonization rate and marketable yield. AMF treatment increased the yield by 18% (from 12.43 to 14.74 kg m-2), mostly due to higher number of fruits. Yield increase was mainly realised during the last third of the harvest period, when the applied nutrient doses were low and temperature conditions were suboptimal.

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In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue.
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