bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relaxation of social distancing restrictions: Model estimated impact on COVID-19 epidemic in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Shafer Leigh Anne , Nesca Marcello , Balshaw Robert 
Published: January 2021

Objectives
The unprecedented worldwide social distancing response to COVID-19 resulted in a quick reversal of escalating case numbers. Recently, local governments globally have begun to relax social distancing regulations. Using the situation in Manitoba, Canada as an example, we estimated the impact that social distancing relaxation may have on the pandemic.

Methods
We fit a mathematical model to empirically estimated numbers of people infected, recovered, and died from COVID-19 in Manitoba. We then explored the impact of social distancing relaxation on: (a) time until near elimination of COVID-19 (< one case per million), (b) time until peak prevalence, (c) proportion of the population infected within one year, (d) peak prevalence, and (e) deaths within one year.

Results
Assuming a closed population, near elimination of COVID-19 in Manitoba could have been achieved in 4–6 months (by July or August) if there were no relaxation of social distancing. Relaxing to 15% of pre-COVID effective contacts may extend the local epidemic for more than two years (median 2.1). Relaxation to 50% of pre-COVID effective contacts may result in a peak prevalence of 31–38% of the population, within 3–4 months of initial relaxation.

Conclusion
Slight relaxation of social distancing may immensely impact the pandemic duration and expected peak prevalence. Only holding the course with respect to social distancing may have resulted in near elimination before Fall of 2020; relaxing social distancing to 15% of pre-COVID-19 contacts will flatten the epidemic curve but greatly extend the duration of the pandemic.
The Use of Essential Oils as Rumen Modifier in Dairy Cows
Authors: Daning Dewi  Ayu Ratih , Yusiati L M , Hanim C , Widyobroto B P 
Published: January 2021

<p class="awabstrak2">Feed efficiency is essential for dairy cows because it can increase production and quality of milk, and reduce methane emissions in the environment. One of the strategies on increasing feed efficiency is using rumen modifier. Essential oils have antimicrobial activities and have been used in rumen modifier in dairy cows. The aim of this paper is to review several studies on the utilization of essential oils as feed additive to enhance production and quality of milk of dairy cow. Based on some research reports, using essential oils which contained thymol, eugenol, cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol in dairy cattle feed decreased the population of protozoa, methanogens, proteolytic, and biohydrogenase bacteria. The impact of engineering of the rumen microbial population has led to optimal rumen fermentation resulted in the efficiency of carbohydrate, protein, and fat utilizations. It can be concluded that essential oils are potential as rumen modifier by inhibit methanogenesis, increase propionate, energy efficiency and ruminal by pass protein. The inconsistent results on milk production and milk fat requires further research to study deeper the effect of dosage and type of essential oils on dairy cows performance.</p>
Breast cancer screening program in Lithuania: trends in breast cancer mortality before and during the introduction of the mammography screening programme
Authors: Steponavičienė Laura , Briedienė Rūta , Vansevičiūtė-Petkevičienė Rasa , Gudavičienė Daiva , Vincerževskienė Ieva 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most frequent oncological disease as well as the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Decline in mortality in economically strong countries is observed. This decline is mostly related to early diagnosis (improvement in breast cancer awareness and mammography screening program (MSP)) and more effective treatment. In the end of 2005, the MSP started in Lithuania. The main aim of this article was to evaluate breast cancer mortality during 22 years in Lithuania, as well as changes before the start of the MSP and during its implementation, in order to assess the influence of the MSP on mortality.
Materials and MethodsAnalysis was based on data from the population-based Lithuanian Cancer Registry. Analysis of changes in mortality included the period from 1998 to 2019. Age standardized mortality rates were calculated for assessment of changes. Join-point regression analysis was used.
ResultsApplying the segmental regression model, it was found that during the study period mortality was statistically significantly decreasing by -1.1% each year. Mortality among women under the age of 50 decreased both before and during the implementation of MSP. Mortality in the target population also was already decreasing until the implementation of the program, but since 2006 significant reduction in mortality was observed in this group.
ConclusionsOverall breast cancer mortality is decreasing in Lithuania. After the implementation of MSP the largest reduction in mortality was observed among the target population, however, it is not as pronounced as it could be with the well-organized MSP.
Energía solar en paradas de bus una aplicación moderna y vanguardista
Authors: Naranjo Silva Héctor Sebastián , Punina Guerrero Diego Javier , Morales Martinez Juan José 
Published: January 2021

La eficiencia energética es un tema relevante globalmente debido a la creciente dificultad para acceder a fuentes de energía con mínimos impactos ambientales, según la Agencia Internacional de la Energía en el 2016 el porcentaje de renovables mundialmente fue 24,5% [9], en este sentido el objeto del artículo es transmitir la investigación de un grupo multidisciplinario que se respalda con la ingeniería para determinar condiciones de energía renovable en un proyecto piloto, el proyecto sobre el acondicionamiento de energía fotovoltaica aplicada en paradas de buses eliminando energía por fuentes convencionales a lo largo del boulevard Albino Corzo, en la ciudad de Chiapas en el departamento de Tuxtla Gutiérrez de México.
La metodología del estudio es cuantitativa basada en resultados de cálculo carácter investigativo y de acción, los resultados son aceptables, contrastados con la incorporación de un arreglo de cinco (5) paneles solares simulados en un programa informático para la parada de bus tipo conejo que reduce 48,37 [kg] de CO2 anuales al ambiente.
Manajemen Mutu Madrasah Ibtidaiyah II Palembang
Authors: Akhyar Syaiful 
Published: January 2021

. Keberadaan MI Hijriyah II Palembang Pada awalnya berada disalah satu ruangan dibagian bawah mushollah Hijriyah yang dijadikan sebagai tempat belajar bagi anak-anak yang ada disekitarnya. Lama kelamaan jumlah siswanya semakin bertambah dan dikenal masyarakat sekitarnya dan memberikan dampak positif bagi kemajuan pendidikan terutama bagi pendidikan yang berbasih madrasah yang ada di kota Palembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami konsep manajemen mutu dari aspek perencanaan dan pengorganisasian yang dilaksanakan di MI Hijriyah II Palembang dan menganalisis komitmen civitas madrasah dalam menjaga dan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Penelitian ini bersifat evaluatif, yang menginterpretasikan data yang dibuat dan disusun secara menyeluruh dan sistematis yang dirancang untuk menjawab pertanyaan, menguji atau membuktikan hipotesis. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian disajikan secara triangulasi dengan langkah-langkah reduksi data, display data dan verifikasi data, setelah data terkumpul lalu dianalisis dengan teknik deskriptif kualitatif. Untuk menjamin mutu pihak madrasah sebagai lembaga pendidikan agar dapat mengembangkan berbagai kreatifitas, keilmuan, dan pengetahuan, terutama yang berkaitan dengan kompetensi guru yang meliputi kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi sosial dan kompetensi profesional, maka madrasah perlu membentuk forum komunikasi guru madrasah, sehingga kompetensi guru yang ada di madrasah dapat terus ditingkatkan kualitasnya.
Implementasi Manajemen Kelas dan Dampaknya Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Aisah Siti 
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi manajemen kelas guru PAI di SMP Palembang dan untuk mengetahui hasil belajar siswa serta dampak manajemen kelas terhadap hasil belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpul data yaitu wawancara, observasi, serta dokumentasi. Kemudian teknik análisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis non-statistik sesuai untuk data deskriptif atau data textular yang tidak diwujudkan dalam bentuk angka. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa implementasi manajemen kelas guru PAI di SMP Palembang dari hasil observasi kelas sudah baik. Dari beberapa indikator Implementasi Manajemen Kelas hanya 3 (tiga) indikator yang tidak mencapai 100% yaitu pengaturan tata letak meja dan kursi, perhatian pada denah kelas dan penguatan verbal. Hasil Belajar Siswa Mata Pelajaran PAI di SMP Palembang sudah baik. Berdasarkan studi dokumentasi dari 3 (tiga) kali ulangan harian, 100% guru (4 orang) berhasil meningkatkan nilai rata-rata secara signifikan walaupun ada satu kelas yaitu kelas VII.5 yang pada ulangan harian ke 3 menurun namun demikian tidak ada pengaruhnya jika dilihat dari ketuntasan belajar siswa berdasarkan Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) yang ditetapkan di awal tahun pelajaran. Implementasi Manajemen Kelas Guru berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa khususnya dalam mata pelajaran PAI di SMP Palembang. Semakin baik penerapan manajemen kelas maka akan semakin baik pula hasil belajar.
A Case Report: Probably Concurrent Nasogastric Tube Syndrome and Cerebrovascular Disease in a Postoperative Patient
Authors: YILDIZ Emel , ÖNER Özlem , KOÇAK Özlem , YILDIRIM Nadir 
Published: January 2021

Nasogastric tube syndrome (NTS) is characterized by acute upper airway obstruction due to bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Although NTS is a rare cause of vocal cord paralysis, it has the potential of causing serious morbidities even mortality. We here with present a case of concurrent NTS and cerebrovascular disease patient. 73 year-old male was admitted to our university hospital emergency department with acute respiratory distress and stridor days after his cholecystectomy operation and laryngoscopy showed bilateral vocal cord paralysis. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and urgent tracheotomy was performed. On the day after his discharge from the hospital, his vocal cord movements fully recovered state. Nasogastric tube syndrome can be considered in patient who complains because of acute upper airway obstruction with nasogastric tube inserted. Thinking NTS early may be reducing the complication rate.
Cross-contamination in Molecular Diagnostic Laboratories in Low- and Middle-income Countries
Authors: Albano Pia Marie , Notarte Kin Israel , Macaranas Imee , Maralit Benedict 
Published: January 2021

At the start of the pandemic, the Philippines had to send swab samples to the Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory in Melbourne, Australia for COVID-19 confirmation. With the increasing number of suspected cases needing confirmatory diagnostic testing, there was a demand to rapidly expand the capacity for widescale testing. Remarkably, within 200 days from announcement of the first confirmed COVID-19 case in the Philippines in January 30, 2020, the country has been able to expand its testing capacity from one national reference laboratory, the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM), to more than 100 licensed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and cartridge-based PCR laboratories across the country. Due to the shortage of a trained clinical laboratory workforce, diagnostic centers are forced to hire additional personnel who have limited experience and technical knowledge and skills of molecular assays, especially in processing specimens, interpreting the results, identifying errors, and troubleshooting, in order to meet the demand of increased testing. Thus, the vulnerability to diagnostic errors, including cross-contamination, is increased and with the tendency for generating false positive results that can compromise the health of the patient and disrupt the efficacy of public health policies and public health response, surveillance programs, and restrictive measures for containing the outbreak. Hence, this review article aims to present the different sources of contamination in the laboratory setting where RT-PCR assays are conducted, as well as provide efficient, effective and feasible solutions to address these issues, most especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like the Philippines.
Patterns of Yeast Diversity Distribution and its Drivers in Rhizosphere Soil of Hami Melon Orchards in Different Regions of Xinjiang
Authors: Zhu ShanShan , Lei YongHui , Wang Chong , Wei YuMei , Wang ChunCheng , Sun YanFei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Yeast is an essential type of microscopic fungus found in the soil. It is vital to develop the resources of yeast to gain a better understanding of its role and potential in maintaining soil ecological balance and providing microbial resources. A special ecological environment is required for the evolution of yeast species. Xinjiang in China has unique climatic conditions with abundant melon and fruit resources. Here, we aimed to evaluate the diversity, community structure, and relationship between yeast species and environmental factors in Hami melon orchards in different regions of Xinjiang, China.Results: We used Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing analysis to cluster 29,090 yeast sequences into 87 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 97% sequence similarity and 47 genera and 73 species. Most sequences (93.16%) belonged to the Basidiomycota; only a few (6.84%) belonged to Ascomycota. We detected 10 dominant genera and 11 dominant species with relative abundances > 1% in all sample sequences. We found that the yeast communities were significantly more diverse in the eastern Xinjiang region than in the southern and northern Xinjiang regions. The most dominant genera in the southern, eastern, and northern Xinjiang regions were Pseudozyma (54.77%), Solicoccozyma (28.6%), and Filobasidium (88.08%), respectively. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results indicated that the main factors inﬂuencing the structure of yeast in the study sites were CO, total phosphorus (TP), and total potassium (TK) of the soil.Conclusion: Our results suggest the presence of diversity and structural differences in yeast species among the southern, eastern, and northern Xinjiang regions. Eastern Xinjiang had the highest community diversity with a more even distribution of species. Differences in the geographical environment and the physicochemical properties of soils were probably the key factors driving yeast diversity and community structure.
Barriers and Facilitators to Successful Implementation of Sustainable School Meals: A Qualitative Study of the OPTIMATTM-Intervention
Authors: Colombo Patricia Eustachio , Elinder Liselotte Schäfer , Patterson Emma , Parlesak Alexandr , Lindroos Anna Karin , Andermo Susanne 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThere is an urgent need to align human diets with goals for environmental sustainability and population health. The OPTIMATTM-intervention study was developed to implement and evaluate a nutritionally adequate and climate-friendly 4-week lunch menu in Swedish primary schools. This study aimed to explore pupils' and kitchen staff’s experiences of the intervention and to identify barriers and facilitators to successful implementation of sustainable school meals.MethodsAn inductive qualitative method was used. Nine focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted, six with pupils in grades 5 (ages 10-11) and 8 (ages 14-15) (n=29) and three with kitchen staff (n=13). Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsFive main categories and 11 subcategories at a manifest level emerged. The five main categories were: 1) Experiences with the new menu, unfolding variations in how the new menu was received and kitchen staff’s experiences of working with it; 2) The meaning of diet sustainability, comprising pupils’ and kitchen staff’s perceptions about diet sustainability as a concept and part of their everyday lives; 3) Factors influencing plant-based food acceptance, covering aspects such as the influence of sensory factors, habits and peer pressure; 4) Opportunities to increase plant-based eating, including factors related to pupils’ and kitchen staff’s ideas for how to increase plant-based food acceptance; and 5) Need for a supportive environment to achieve dietary change, comprising pupils’ and kitchen staff’s thoughts on the importance of more knowledge, resources and involvement of stakeholders to eat more plant-based meals in schools.ConclusionsSuccessful implementation of sustainable school meals would require more knowledge among pupils and kitchen staff. Staff also need more training in cooking of sustainable meals. Barriers among pupils could be tackled by introducing new plant-based meals more gradually and by more carefully considering the seasoning, naming and aesthetics of dishes. An increased leadership support for change and involvement of stakeholders from multiple levels within society will be key in the transition to sustainable school meals at scale.Trial registrationThe trial registration for the OPTIMATTM-intervention may be found at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04168632 Fostering Healthy and Sustainable Diets Through School Meals (OPTIMAT)).
The Association between Domestic Violence Against Women During Pregnancy and Adverse Clinical Outcomes of Pregnancy in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Bahmani Tahereh , Sayehmiri Koroush , Karimi Arezoo , Daliri Salman , Masoudi Alireza 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Domestic violence against women during the pregnancy is a major health problem, worldwide. In
addition, it affects the mother, also it can be directly or indirectly associated with serious complications to the health of the
fetus.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between some clinical adverse outcomes of
pregnancy and domestic violence against women during pregnancy in Iran via a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available evidences on domestic violence against women
during pregnancies in Iran between 2000 to 2018. International and national databases including Scopus, Web of Science,
PubMed via Medline, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Irandoc, MagIran and SID were searched
and data was independently extracted by two researchers. Random effect meta-analysis was used to conduct analysis and
the Cochran test and meta regression were also performed by STATA (ver. 14) software.

Results:
Thirteen studies with a total sample size of 11,818 individuals were included. The findings of this meta-analysis
indicated that abortion (OR:6.4, CI95%:1.3-31), low birth weight (LBW) (OR:3.7, CI95%:1.7-7.8), preterm delivery
(OR:1.8, CI95%:1.2-2.8) and premature rupture of membranes (OR:4.5, CI 95%:1.8-11.2) had a significant association
with domestic violence against women during pregnancy.

Conclusion:
Considering to significance of domestic violence on clinical adverse outcomes of pregnancy, our results
suggest an urgent need for community supportive cares during pregnancy. Also, effective measures are crucial to prevent
domestic violence against women because of its significant role in outcomes of pregnancy.
The Mechanistic Role of Thymoquinone in Parkinson's Disease: Focus on Neuroprotection in Pre-Clinical Studies
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Najim , Hoq Mohammad I. , Jahan Israt , Siddiqui Shafayet A. , Clinton Chayan D. , Ibrahim Mohammed , Islam Mohammad S. , Jakaria Mohammad 
Published: January 2021

:
Thymoquinone (TQ) is one of the leading phytochemicals, which is abundantly found in
Nigella sativa L. seeds. TQ exhibited various biological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,
antimicrobial, and anti-tumoral in several pre-clinical studies. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a
long-term neurodegenerative disease with movement difficulties, and the common feature of neurodegeneration
in PD patients is caused by dopaminergic neural damage in the substantia nigra
pars compacta. The neuroprotective activity of TQ has been studied in various neurological disorders.
TQ-mediated neuroprotection against PD is yet to be reported in a single frame; therefore,
this review is intended to narrate the potentiality of TQ in the therapy of PD. TQ has been shown to
protect against neurotoxins via amelioration of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis,
thereby protecting neurodegeneration in PD models. TQ could be an emerging therapeutic intervention
in PD management, but mechanistic studies remain to be investigated to clarify its neuroprotective
role.
Leadership in Digital Health Services: Protocol for a Concept Analysis
Authors: Laukka Elina , Pölkki Tarja , Heponiemi Tarja , Kaihlanen Anu-Marja , Kanste Outi 
Published: January 2021

Background
Due to the rapid digitalization of health care, leadership is becoming more complex. Leadership in digital health services is a term that has been used in the literature with various meanings. Conceptualization of leadership in digital health services is needed to deliver higher quality digital health services, update existing leadership practices, and advance research.

Objective
The aim of this study is to outline a concept analysis that aims to clarify and define the concept of leadership in digital health services.

Methods
The concept analysis will be performed using the Walker and Avant model, which involves eight steps: concept selection, determination of aims, identification of uses, determination of defining attributes, construction of a model case, construction of additional cases, identification of antecedents and consequences, and definition of empirical referents. A scoping literature search will be performed following the search protocol for scoping reviews by the Joanna Briggs Institute to identify all relevant literature on leadership in digital health services. Searches will be conducted in 6 scientific databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, and the Finnish database Medic), and unpublished studies and gray literature will be searched using Google Scholar, EBSCO Open Dissertations, and MedNar.

Results
An initial limited search of MEDLINE was undertaken on October 19, 2020, resulting in 883 records. The results of the concept analysis will be submitted for publication by July 2021.

Conclusions
A robust conceptualization of leadership in digital health services is needed to support research, leadership, and education. The concept analysis model of Walker and Avant will be used to meet this need. As leadership in digital health services appears to be an interprofessional and intersectoral collaboration, defining this concept may also facilitate collaboration between professionals and sectors. The concept analysis to be conducted will also expand our understanding of leadership in digital health services.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/25495