bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chorion and amnion/chorion membranes in oral and periodontal surgery: A systematic review
Authors: Gulameabasse Sarah , Gindraux Florelle , Catros Sylvain , Fricain Jean‐Christophe , Fenelon Mathilde 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to perform a systematic review on the clinical applications where chorion membrane (CM) and amnion/chorion membrane (ACM) were used for oral tissue regeneration procedures. Selection of articles was carried out by two evaluators in Pubmed and Scopus databases, and Outcomes (PICO) method was used to select the relevant articles. Clinical studies reporting the use of CM or ACM for oral soft and hard tissue regeneration were included. The research involved 21 studies conducted on 375 human patients. Seven clinical applications of CM and ACM in oral and periodontal surgery were identified: gingival recession treatment, intrabony and furcation defect treatment, alveolar ridge preservation, keratinized gum width augmentation around dental implants, maxillary sinus membrane repair, and large bone defect reconstruction. CM and ACM were compared to negative controls (conventional surgeries without membrane) or to the following materials: collagen membranes, dense polytetrafluoroethylene membranes, platelet‐rich fibrin membranes, amnion membranes, and to a bone substitute. Several studies support the use of CM and ACM as an efficient alternative to current techniques for periodontal and oral soft tissue regeneration procedures. However, further studies are necessary to increase the level of evidence and especially to demonstrate their role for bone regeneration.
Applying Pb2+ to probe the dissolution of carbonated hydroxylapatite by Enterobacter sp.: A new insight into the bioerosion of tooth mineral
Authors: Wang Shujie , Zhang Jiawen , Ma Jing , Yang Hui , Shao Xiaoqing , Su Mu , Zhou Zhenlei , Li Zhen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDental caries is one of the most common disorders in dentistry. Typically, it is caused by the dissolution of the tooth mineral due to cariogenic organisms. Bioapatite is vulnerable to acid‐etching ascribed to a variety of substitutions. This study applied Pb2+ cations to probe the dissolution of synthetic carbonated hydroxylapatite (CHAp) in the acidic environment induced by Enterobacter sp. It indicated a decreasing tendency of crystallite size (from ∼400 nm to 10–20 nm) during gradual incorporation of carbonate (from 2.5 to 13.8 wt %). Meanwhile, the shape of CHAp crystals was transformed from elongated to plate‐like. Addition of Enterobacter sp. enhanced P release from CHAp (especially for the CHAp with ∼8 wt % CO3) around 10 times. Moreover, the bacterium provided a moderately acidic environment to cause more formation of stable pyromorphite over other Pb‐minerals, for example, Pb3(PO4)2, and PbCO3. Then, transmission electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐Ray spectroscopy mapping successfully confirmed the Pb labeling on the newly formed phosphate mineral as Pb (with high‐atomic weight) has strong signal under electron microscopy. This study therefore elucidated that Pb labeling has a bright future to explore the degradation of tooth mineral by microorganisms, as well as to evaluate the resistance of calcium phosphate dental restorative materials.
Comparability of four clinical laboratory measurement methods for GGT and commutability of candidate reference materials
Authors: Zhang Rui , Wang Qingtao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to evaluate the progress in the standardization of the gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) to achieve metrological traceability of routine in vitro diagnosis (IVD) medical devices.MethodsWe collected 25 single fresh frozen serum samples for GGT analysis. Candidate reference materials (RMs), calibrators, internal quality controls (IQC), and external quality assessment (EQA) materials from the National Center for Clinical Laboratory (NCCL), Beijing Center for Clinical Laboratory (BCCL), and College of American Pathologists (CAP) were randomly added to these serum samples. A total of 42 samples were examined using IFCC reference method and four different IVD medical devices to perform the comparability and commutability study.ResultsThe four IVD medical devices achieved trueness assessment within the measurement range. Linear analysis showed the agreement of Siemens ADVIA 2400, Hitachi 7600‐020/BioSino, Beckman AU 5800, and Roche Cobas 501 with the reference method. These assay pairs were comparable at the medical decision levels. The GGT in‐house candidate RMs, and Beckmann and Roche calibrators were all within the limits of the 95% prediction intervals, the commutability of BioSino calibrators was indeterminate, and some internal and external quality controls were not commutable for comparisons of certain IVD medical devices vs the reference method.ConclusionsBy comparing with the reference method, we found that performance of GGT conventional measurement systems to be traceable to the higher order references was improved. The commutable materials for calibration and trueness controls of routine methods were significant to promote the standardization of GGT analysis.
Effect of Renal Function Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of the Iminosugar Sinbaglustat
Authors: Melchior Meggane , Dingemanse Jasper , Alatrach Abir , Feldkamp Thorsten , Sidharta Patricia N. , Géhin Martine 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSinbaglustat (ACT‐519276), a brain‐penetrating inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase and nonlysosomal glucosylceramidase, is developed as a new therapy for lysosomal storage disorders. In the first‐in‐human study, sinbaglustat was primarily excreted unchanged in urine. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of mild, moderate, and severe renal function impairment on the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of sinbaglustat. In this single‐center, open‐label study, 32 subjects (8 per renal function group, assessed by the Cockcroft‐Gault formula, and 8 healthy subjects) received a single oral dose of 200 mg sinbaglustat. Plasma PK parameters of sinbaglustat were derived by noncompartmental analysis. Standard safety and tolerability evaluations were analyzed descriptively. When compared with healthy subjects, Cmax did not present clinically relevant differences in subjects with impaired renal function, but median tmax was slightly longer in subjects with moderate and severe renal function impairment. Overall, when compared with healthy subjects, exposure to sinbaglustat based on AUC0‐t (geometric mean and 90% confidence interval) increased in subjects with mild, moderate, and severe renal function impairment by 1.2‐fold (1.08‐ to 1.36‐fold), 1.8‐fold (1.47‐ to 2.17‐fold), and 2.6‐fold (2.23‐ to 3.00‐fold), respectively. There were no clinically relevant findings on electrocardiogram, vital signs, and clinical laboratory variables. Headache was reported by 2 of 24 subjects with renal function impairment and by 2 of 8 healthy subjects. In conclusion, 200 mg of sinbaglustat was well tolerated in all groups. In future studies, a 2‐ and 3‐fold dose reduction is needed for subjects with moderate and severe renal function impairment, respectively.
Dental students’ OMFS‐related experiences and interest in OMFS careers: An exploration
Authors: Marti Kyriaki C. , Tishko Grayson , Edwards Sean P. , Inglehart Marita R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeWhile the numbers of oral maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) residents increased over time, women and residents from underrepresented minority backgrounds are still underrepresented. The objectives were to assess dental students’ OMFS‐related personal and educational experiences and attitudes and explore which factors correlate with their interest in future OMFS careers.MethodsData were collected from 493 dental students in 1 dental school and 206 students from 15 other US and Canadian dental schools.ResultsThe students in the national sample were more likely to have experienced an OMFS procedure themselves (64.6% vs. 50.7%; P = 0.001), have shadowed an OMFS in an operating room (23.2% vs. 14.9%; P = 0.009) prior to coming to dental school and to be much/very much interested in an OMFS career (36.4% vs. 12%; P < 0.001) than the students at the home school.While the majority of both groups rated their experiences with rotations in the OMFS department in the dental school (68% vs. 62.5%) and in the hospital (80.3% vs. 85.7%) as very interesting, the students in the national sample were more likely to agree/strongly agree that they were satisfied with their OMFS experiences (68.1% vs. 36.3%; P < 0.001) and had learned a lot from the OMFS faculty (57.9% vs. 30.8%) than the students in the home school. For both groups, the degree of interest in an OMFS career correlated with having had more personal OMFS experiences (home: r = 0.28; P < 0.001/other: r = 0.39; P < 0.001), more interesting OMFS experiences in the dental school (r = 0.23; P < 0.05/r = 0.40; P < 0.001) and the hospital (0.33; P < 0.05/r = 0.50; P < 0.001) and more positive attitudes toward OMFS faculty (r = 0.26; P < 0.001/r = 0.37; P < 0.001).ConclusionsPositive personal and educational OMFS experiences and positive attitudes toward OMFS faculty were associated with an interest in OMFS careers. These findings provide a basis for developing educational interventions aimed at increasing the percentage of women and residents from URM backgrounds in OMFS programs.
A multicenter study of dental curricula in Asia/Pacific nations: The views and experiences of final‐year dental students
Authors: Won John , Guan Guangzhao , Mei Li , Ma Tristan , Lai Yvonne , Zafar Sobia , Mei May Lei , Thomson William Murray 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this qualitative study was to gain greater understanding of final‐year dental students’ views on and experience of their dental curricula in 4 universities from different Asia/Pacific countries, including New Zealand, Australia, and Hong Kong (China).MethodsA qualitative study approach was used, with semistructured interviews conducted with final‐year students from each of the 4 universities.ResultsInterviews were conducted with 60 final‐year dental students, and 5 main themes were extracted from the interviews: (1) the definition of an “ideal” dental curriculum, (2) theoretical teaching, (3) transitional tools, (4) assessment, and (5) grading.ConclusionThe findings provide insight into final‐year students’ views of dental curricula and suggestions on possible areas of reform in the dental curriculum. Further investigations are necessary to provide a curriculum that enables students to become competent, future‐ready dental practitioners.
Clinical significance of electroencephalography power spectrum density and functional connection analysis in neonates with hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Zhang Qinfen , Hu Yongsu , Dong Xuan , Feng Xing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of electroencephalography (EEG) power and functional connectivity analysis on cerebral cortex function in neonates with hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), and to identify the neurobiological indicators of neural development in HIE.MethodsWe recruited 20 mild HIE neonates, 15 moderate HIE neonates, and 30 controls. EEG was performed about 72 hr after birth. The power spectral density (PSD) and imaginary part of coherency (ICOH) were analyzed. Gesell developmental schedule (GDS) was used to evaluate the neural development in the mild and moderate HIE groups at 1 year of age, and the correlation between the quantitative EEG results and the state of neural development was analyzed.ResultsCompared with the controls, FP1, FP2, C3, C4, Fz, Cz, Pz , F3, and P4 of moderate HIE neonates showed that the PSD of theta, alpha and beta bands decreased significantly. In terms of the mean whole‐brain PSD, the moderate HIE group showed a significant decrease in all frequency bands. ICOH of the moderate HIE group showed that functional connectivity was significantly less than that in the controls mainly in the delta band, and the functional connectivity of the delta, theta, alpha1, and alpha2 bands was markedly reduced compared with the mild HIE. GDS test at 1 year old showed that two infants in the moderate HIE group had suspected neurological delay in gross motor and language. The developmental quotient(DQ) of gross motor, language, and personal‐social ability in the moderate HIE group were significantly lower than in the mild HIE group. And there was a significant positive correlation between PSD in each EEG frequency band and GDS score in the moderate HIE group.ConclusionPSD and ICOH can be used to evaluate brain function. PSD can detect the delayed neurological development in infants with moderate HIE, and can be a neurobiomarker of brain development in HIE.
Single level posterolateral lumbar fusion in a New Zealand White rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) model: Surgical anatomy, operative technique, autograft fusion rates, and perioperative care
Authors: Crowley James D. , Oliver Rema A. , Dan Michael J. , Wills Daniel J. , Rawlinson John W. , Crasto Rebekah A. , O'Connor James M. , Mitchell Gregory J. , Tan Christopher J. , Walsh William R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe posterolateral lumbar fusion (PLF) New Zealand White (NZW) (Oryctolagus cuniculus) rabbit model is a long‐standing surgical technique for the preclinical evaluation of materials for spinal fusion. A detailed understanding of lumbar spine anatomy and perioperative care requirements of rabbits is imperative for correct execution of the model both scientifically and ethically. This study describes the preoperative procedures and surgical techniques used in single level PLF in a NZW rabbit model as it pertains to the animal husbandry, lumbar spine anatomy, anesthesia, surgical approach, and perioperative care of rabbits in a research setting.Materials and MethodsWe describe the surgical technique and perioperative patient care for single level PLF in a NZW rabbit model. Medical records from a single research facility were retrospectively reviewed for adult NZW rabbits that underwent single level PLF (L4‐L5) between January 2016 and December 2019. The number of lumbar vertebrae per rabbit, fusion rates at 12 weeks using iliac crest autograft and complications are reported. Skeletal maturity was confirmed by preoperative fluoroscopic and radiographic documented closure of hindlimb physes.ResultsThe PLF rabbit surgical model and perioperative patient care is described. PLF was performed in 868 adult female entire NZW rabbits. The majority of rabbits had seven lumbar vertebrae (620/868; 71.4%), followed by six (221/868; 25.5%), and eight (27/868; 3.1%). Fusion rates at 12 weeks for PLF using iliac crest autograft as assessed by manual palpation and radiographic assessment was 76.9% and 70.0%, respectively. Postoperative complications included occasional partial autograft site wound dehiscence due to self‐trauma.ConclusionsFor PLF rabbit models, a detailed understanding of the surgical technique, rabbit lumbar anatomy including number of lumbar vertebrae, and dietary and husbandry requirements of rabbits, is essential for execution of the model and animal welfare.
Selective extraction of perfluorooctane sulfonate in real samples by superparamagnetic nanospheres coated with a polydopamine‐based molecularly imprinted polymer
Authors: Lin Like , Guo Huiqin , Lin Sen , Chen Yanfei , Yan Liushui , Zhu Enze , Li Kexin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSuperparamagnetic core−shell structured molecularly imprinted polydopamine nanospheres were constructed via self‐polymerization of dopamine to attach the template onto the surface of magnetic Fe3O4 substrate in tris–HCl solution. Then they were used for the specific recognition and extraction of perfluorooctane sulfonate from environmental water and human serum samples. The structural features and morphological characterization of the magnetic imprinting nanospheres were assessed, indicating that the magnetic polydopamine imprinted composite was successfully prepared and featured excellent magnetic separation characteristics. Adsorption experiments revealed that the magnetic adsorbents exhibited rapid adsorption kinetics and highly selective recognition properties toward perfluorooctane sulfonate. The stability and regeneration experiments indicated the materials had repeatable activity retention after repeated reuse. As a magnetic solid‐phase extraction adsorbent, it was successfully applied for the extraction and quantification of perfluorooctane sulfonate in environmental water and human serum samples combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, with recoveries of ∼70−101.5% obtained in real samples. These results demonstrate that the prepared magnetic imprinting nanospheres are effective for the selective separation of perfluorooctane sulfonate from real samples. The synthesis technique is an effective and facile method that is conducted in aqueous solution and at ambient temperature, which is low cost, environmentally benign, and easy for scaling‐up.
68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT Scan in Primary Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma ‐ A Pilot Study
Authors: Sakthivel Pirabu , Kumar Rakesh , Arunraj Sreedharan Thankarajan , Bhalla Ashu Seith , Prashanth Arun , Kumar Rakesh , Sharma Suresh Chandra , Thakar Alok 
Published: December 2020

Objectives/HypothesisSomatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are highly expressed in neuroendocrine tumors and is exploited for its imaging and treatment. SSTRs expression is also demonstrated in diverse benign and malignant tumor cell types and proliferating peri‐tumoral vessels. Similarly, Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) expresses different SSTRs and may be utilized for its imaging and treatment using DOTA, 1‐Nal3‐octreotide (DOTANOC)‐PET/CT scan.Study DesignProspective cohort.MethodsNineteen clinico‐radiologically diagnosed primary JNA patients underwent a 68Ga‐DOTANOC PET‐CT scan. Using a dedicated PET/CT scanner, a low‐dose head and neck spot CT scan was performed after 45 to 60 minutes of intravenous injection of 2 to 3 mCi(74–111 MBq) of DOTANOC. The primary objective was to assess the intensity and pattern of DOTANOC uptake in these patients.ResultsDOTANOC expression was noted in all cases (n = 19) of primary JNA (100%). The mean (SD) DOTANOC SUVmax ratio of tumor and background was 6.9+/−1.4(range, 3.8–9.5). Intra‐cranial extension in all 13/19 patients was prominently visualized due to the absence of DOTANOC uptake in the brain. Compared to the background all stages of JNA showed significant DOTANOC uptake (P < .0001). No difference in uptake between advanced‐stage tumors and early tumors was noted (P = .47). A statistically non‐significant negative trend was noted for decreasing uptake with increasing age (Spearman correlation coefficient, r = −0.19).ConclusionsThis first study of 68Ga‐DOTANOC‐PET/CT scan in JNA demonstrates consistent and reliable uptake activity in all patients irrespective of age and stage. This opens up possibilities to physiological diagnostic imaging with a promise of greater specificity and sensitivity and may have applications in ambivalent diagnostic situations such as the detection of recurrence.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:1509–1515, 2021
Perspectives on institutional valuing and support for academic and translational outputs in Japan and Australia
Authors: Merga Margaret K. , Mason Shannon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere is increasing expectation that research be communicated broadly to share knowledge across industry, professional, governmental, and public spheres. Scholarly publishers can benefit from the sharing of research beyond academia since the potential for societal impact encourages further support from both industry and governmental funders. This paper draws on qualitative in‐depth interview data from Australian‐ and Japanese‐based early career researchers (ECRs) to investigate how higher education institutions support the development of diverse communication skills needed by ECRs to effectively share their research both in academia and beyond. We found that sharing research for academic and other diverse audiences is often perceived as valued but may not always be supported. Output valuing was communicated in performance management, but there were compelling differences between the two nations, with Japanese‐based ECRs reporting a stronger expectation of research outputs for non‐academic audiences than their Australian counterparts. There were also indications that institutional support for both academic and translational outputs may change in response to nations' shifting research priorities.
Decoding Optical Data with Machine Learning
Authors: Fang Jie , Swain Anand , Unni Rohit , Zheng Yuebing 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOptical spectroscopy and imaging techniques play important roles in many fields such as disease diagnosis, biological study, information technology, optical science, and materials science. Over the past decade, machine learning (ML) has proved promising in decoding complex data, enabling rapid and accurate analysis of optical spectra and images. This review aims to shed light on various ML algorithms for optical data analysis with a focus on their applications in a wide range of fields. The goal of this work is to sketch the validity of ML‐based optical data decoding. The review concludes with an outlook on unaddressed problems and opportunities in this emerging subject that interfaces optics, data science, and ML.
General orders for the embedded researcher: Moorings for a developing profession
Authors: Hudson Matthew F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLearning health systems increasingly welcome embedded researchers as stakeholders poised to inform evidence‐based practice. While care systems are potentially familiar with the embedded researcher tools and techniques, care systems may less frequently consider embedded research as a vocation. This insensitivity potentially reduces embedded researchers merely to instruments, as opposed to professional partners in transdisciplinary research. This discussion outlines “general orders” for embedded researchers. The general orders outline embedded researchers' fundamental identity and guide conduct as a means to encourage a shared identity among embedded researchers and clarify embedded researchers' roles in learning health system teams. Students and embedded researchers newly engaging learning health systems may particularly benefit from this rudimentary order list.