bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Intravenous Vitamin C on Urine Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Among Septic Patients
Authors: Nastiti Peni Yulia , Sugiharto Adhrie , Madjid Amir S 
Published: November 2019

Background
The role of vitamin C to decrease organ dysfunction in sepsis was still controversial. This study aimed to explore the effect of intravenous (IV) vitamin C on urine NGAL (uNGAL) levels among septic patients in ICU.
Methods
This study was a randomized clinical trial held in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from April to July 2019 with consecutive sampling method. Patients aged > 18 years with sepsis based on the criteria of sepsis-3 who were admitted to the ICU were included in this study. Exclusion criteria were those with chronic kidney problems, with kidney stones, undergo renal replacement therapy in the ICU. All subjects were divided into: Group A was treated with combination of vitamin C and thiamine while Group B was given thiamine only. The uNGAL level was measured at baseline, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment. Anova for repeated measurement using General Linear Model for Repeated Measurement was used with level of significant at p-value <0.05.
Results
Total of 33 subjects were included. In Group A we found uNGAL (ng/ mL) were 74.5 (13.3-102.9), 77.3 (15.2-98.4), 67.2 (22.6-100.6), 77.2 (17.0-100.5) for baseline, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h respectively. While in Group B uNGAL were 57.7 (11.5-94.5), 57.1 (6.4-97.7), 53.7 (13.3-99.6), 47.6 (4.5-100.9). No significant difference in terms of uNGAL between two groups at each hour was found.
Conclusions
This study showed that intravenous vitamin C administration had no effect on uNGAL among septic patients. Need more study to investigate approaches to improve kidney and inflammatory biomarker among septic patients.
Identification of Plasmodium Falciparum Merozoit Surface Protein-1 (PFMSP-1) Gene From Malaria Patients in Hanura Area, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Triajayanti Ade , Suwandi Jhons Fatriyadi , Kurniawan Betta , Utami Nurul 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Malaria is a major health problem not only in Indonesia, but also the world. Incidence of anti malarial drug resistance has been found, and one of the possible cause is genetic factors. The changes that occur in the Plasmodium falciparum gene cause genetic variations that lead to resistance for treatment. There is a gene with high polymorphism that can be used as a gene marker of genetic variation in Plasmodium falciparum.
Aim of Study: This study aim to identification of plasmodium falciparum merozoit surface protein-1 (PFMSP-1) gene from malaria patients in Puskesmas Hanura, Pesawaran, Lampung.
Methods: Descriptive method with morbidity survey approach is used in this study. There are total 23 biological material stored that had been taken in 2016 from malaria patient in Puskesmas Hanura, Pesawaran, Lampung, by consecutive sampling. Identification of genetic variance of the Plasmodium falciparum gene was performed by nested PCR at Medical Faculty Biomolecular Laboratory of Lampung University. The results of this study were processed using a computer software.
Results: There are 23 samples that amplified following nested PCR for Plasmodium falciparum Merozoit Surface Protein-1 (PFMSP-1) gene target. In all samples studied, there are PFMSP-1 gene with six variations base pair length range from 200 to 2000 bp.
Conclusions: this study has successfully amplified PFMSP-1 gene from individualâ€™s blood sample infected by Malaria in Puskesmas Hanura work region, Pesawaran, Lampung.
STUDY OF UNSTABLE PELVIC FRACTURES FROM CHILDREN IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Acharya Dr. Shiva 
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: Globally, in the young age group of people mortality and morbidity is due to the high-energy trauma. The losing of young age group of population will get impact in the social economic losses of family as well as the nation. Fractures are generally caused by high-energy trauma, high-impact accidents and are often associated with injuries to other organic lesions like abdominal viscera, genitourinary system, neurovascular, musculoskeletal structures and central nervous system. There was relatively low rate of occurrence of facture of pelvic injuries that associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. According to the studied of the post-mortem examined only in children 66 deaths caused by trauma that showing pelvic fracture and severe bleeding to be the cause of death in 42% of the cases. In the case of adult in cases of unstable pelvic fractures retroperitoneal bleeding is the worst complication. AIM: The main objective of this study is to study of Unstable Pelvic Fractures from children in tertiary care hospital MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study total 10 patients were included who had suffered unstable fractures of the pelvic ring with the age from 1 to 15 years old.. From all the patients detail clinical history were taken with analysis of the pre and postoperative radiographs by presence of the triradiate cartilage of the iliac. RESULT: In this study total 10 patients were included with unstable fractures of the pelvic ring evaluated where female were 6 and male were 4 with the ration 6: 4. The age ranges were 2 to 15 years with the mean age 7.5±4 years old. Symphysis disjunctions of the pubic facture were present in maximum with the facture of two rami and facture of four rami respectively. In five of the cases Sacroiliac dislocation correspond to posterior lesion were seen. The AO-OTA classification was used to evaluate the cases with the following distribution as 61 B1 (one case); 61 B2 (one case); 61 C3 (one cases), 61 C2 (one case) and 61 C1 (seven cases). CONCLUSION: Now a day’s also many research which still have a controversy for treatment, which has been recommended for treating these fractures for many years. Their concerns relate to the complications encountered that in leg length and residual pain in the sacroiliac joint.
KEYWORDS: unstable pelvic facture, pelvic asymmetry, children
USE OF CRYSTAL VIOLET STAIN FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF MITOTIC FIGURES IN ORAL EPITHELIAL DYSPLASIA AND ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Gandhi Dr. Bipin 
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: Histopathological grading depends on several features, of which appearance of mitotic figures and apoptotic bodies in the tissue sections plays an important role. The mitotic figures and apoptotic bodies help assess the cellular proliferation and the turnover of the tumor. As mitotic figures (MF) and apoptotic bodies are difficult to assess under routine H and E sections, other methods such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry have been implemented but, these methods are expensive and more time-consuming and are highly technique sensitive. Hence, stains, which should be cheap, and can be used routinely, and can be tried in identifying the mitotic figures and apoptotic bodies, which has come out with a better result. Routine histological procedures cannot differentiate between pyknotic nuclei, apoptotic cells and MFs which makes the diagnosis difficult.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study samples were divided in to 3 groups, group 1- case group in which 40 samples of paraffin blocks diagnosed as oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and group 2- control group in which 40 samples from the healthy individuals. 5 micron thickness sections were made from each tissue specimen. One section was stained with H & E stain nd another section was stained with 1% crystal violet stain.
RESULTS: In case group there were 24(60%) male and 16(40%) female while in control group there were 22 (55%) male and 18(45%) female. Mean age in case group was 36.2±15.4 and in control group was25.7±12.7. There is a significant increase in mitotic figures of H & E (P< 0.01) and crystal violet (P < 0.01). In case, there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in mitotic figures when stained with crystal violet. As compared to H&E stain there was a significant (P < 0.01) increase in metaphase observed in crystal violet stain. Mean mitotic figure by H&E in case group was 4.15±1.07 while in crystal violet it was 5.97±1.87.
CONCLUSION: % crystal violet stain is the cheaper stain and can be performed in small laboratories and resource constraint settings. Crystal violet can be used for the localization of mitotic figures and assessing proliferation.
POLYPHARMACY IN HOSPITALIZED GERIATRIC PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL – A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Vamsi CH. Krishna , Sushmitha A. , Supriya P. , Rajani A. , Ravi G. 
Published: November 2019

Background: The current focus of research is on polypharmacy and the presence of unnecessary medications in the treatment and also the cost of the unnecessary medications.
Objectives: To find out the prevalence of polypharmacy in geriatric patients, reasons for unnecessary drug therapy, the cost of unnecessary drug therapy and to check the quality of life of the patients.
Methodology: A total of 200 patients were included and the study was conducted in the department of General Medicine. The participants enrolled in the study involve inpatients only after filling a properly written informed consent. The data is collected in a pre-designed data collection form.
Results: The study showed that of the 200 cases collected, 54% were female patients most of them falling under the age group of 60-65yrs. Of the 200 patients 43.5% received more than 5 drugs per prescription. The reason found for unnecessary drug therapy is therapeutic duplication with mostly prescribed class of drug as Antibiotics. Total expense of unnecessary drug therapy is equal to INR.21.641.
Conclusion: Prevention of unnecessary drug therapy problem can be conducted through reduction of drug use. It is recommended to eliminate all medications without therapeutic benefit, goal or indication. Prevention of unnecessary drug therapy will also contribute in cost saving among elderly patients.
Keywords: Polypharmacy, Unnecessary medications, Geriatric population, Cost saving.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME FOLLOWING ANATOMICAL LOCKING COMPRESSION PLATE BY OPEN TECHNIQUE AND MINIMAL INVASIVE PERCUTANEOUS OSTEOSYNTHESIS (MIPO) TECHNIQUE IN MID SHAFT CLAVICLE FRACTURE
Authors: Bade Dr. Rahul , More Dr. Sanjay S. , Parmar Dr. Divyang 
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: Clavicle fractures are common injuries in adults, accounting for 5% of all fractures and 44% of all shoulder fractures. Furthermore, there is an increasing incidence of complex fracture patterns after high-energy trauma. Incidence in males is usually highest in second and third decade which decreases thereafter as per age. Clavicles mid shaft fractures have classically been treated non-operatively. However, factors including severity of displacement, degree of comminution, and greater than 2 cm of shortening have been reported in the literature to predispose patients to unsatisfactory outcomes with non-operative treatment. Minimally invasive surgery is increasingly being used for the treatment of mid shaft clavicle fracture. The two most commonly used implant are titanium elastic nail (TEN) and locking compression plate (LCP). Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) is widely used for long bone fracture.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were selected randomly and were divided in the following two groups of 15 patients each: Group A: 15 patients treated by anatomical locking compression plate (LCP) by open technique. Group B: 15 patients treated by minimal invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique. Follow up period were 1 months, 2months and 6months. Functional outcome was evaluated using the constant shoulder score, which is scored from 0 to 100, with a lower score representing a higher level of functional disability.
RESULTS: Majority of the patients (40%) in Group A were in the age group of 31-40 years followed by 26.7% in the age group of 21-30 years, 20% in the age group 41-50 years and 13.3% in the age group of 51-60 years. The mean age of the patients was 36.2 ± 9.09 years. Majority of the patients in both groups were male. There were 80% and 73.3% male patients in Group A and Group B respectively whereas female patients constituted 20% and 26.7% of the study group respectively. In Group A, 7 (46.7%) patients had operative time of 80-100 minutes whereas 6 (40%) and 2 (13.3%) patients had operative time of 100-120 and 120-140 minutes respectively. The mean operative time was 104.9 ± 13.52mins. In Group B, 6 (40%) patients had operative time of 80-100 minutes whereas 8 (53.4%) and 1 (6.6%) patients had operative time of 100-120 and 120-140 minutes respectively. The mean operative time was 106.5 ± 11.72mins. There was no significant association between the groups as per Student t-test (p>0.05).
CONCLUSION: Operative treatment with a LCP for clavicle shaft fractures can be used to obtain stable fixation. Particularly, MIPPO of displaced mid shaft clavicular fractures resulted in a better cosmetic than conventional open reduction, although the functional outcomes were no different between the two groups.
TO STUDY THE PRESENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL SOFT SIGNS IN CONTROL POPULATION AND TO COMPARE FINDINGS WITH PATIENT POPULATIONS.
Authors: Singh Dr. Ashutosh , Kumar Dr. Sudhir , Sisodia Dr. Anil Kumar 
Published: November 2019

Background: The study was conducted at the Mental Health & Hospital, Agra. It is a tertiary referral center and a postgraduate teaching hospital. The hospital has a wide catchments area which includes diagnosis of schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder.
Result: The total number of neurological soft signs present in a subject. Schizophrenia group had the highest number of NSS (mean±SD= 10.43±4.13) then were the bipolar group (mean±SD= 5.63±3.46) and least number of NSS were in control group (mean±SD=1.03±1.73) i.e. bipolar group was intermediate between schizophrenia and control group in terms of total number of positive NSS. Results of one way ANOVA revealed significant group differences F (2, 87) =62.05, p<.01. Games-Howell post hoc comparisons revealed significant differences in Schizophrenia vs Bipolar group (p< .01), Schizophrenia Vs Control group (p< .01) as well as in Bipolar Vs Control group (p< .01) i.e. schizophrenia group had significantly higher number of positive NSS than bipolar and control group. Also bipolar group had significantly higher number of positive NSS than control group.
Conclusion: On various subscales of Neurological Evaluation Scale, schizophrenia patients differed from bipolar patients on all the subscale but not on the sequencing of complex motor acts subscale. Neurological Soft Signs are present even during the symptom free period and therefore they are not due to the effects of active illness. Hence, these Neurological Soft Signs in our study may represent a trait like abnormality in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
Keywords: Neurology, Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder & Sign
TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF CLEANLINESS, HYGIENE, AND INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES IN PUBLIC HEALTH CARE FACILITIES.
Authors: Aras Dr. Vasundhara 
Published: November 2019

Method: This study is conducted at Primary, Secondary and Tertiary level of health care delivery centre of Indore district. Doctors, Staff Nurses, Housekeeping Staff, Staff Members, Beneficiaries (patient/relative). One year July 2010 - June 2011 Doctor Staff and Personnel involved in all selected centers were interviewed. 120 doctors, 56 nurses, 23 Housekeeping staff and 80 patients were selected for interviews & by method of Observation. Records view Hospital staff and patients interview record.
Result: IMCHRC, BSBH, Manpur, Sanwer, Simrol, & Hatod has 80% of hospital cleanliness with 72% of segregation collection, storage & transportation of BMW. DH Indore has 70% of cleanliness and 72% of segregation collection, storage & transportation of BMW, whereas Depalpur has 70% & 68%, respectively. Total number of doctors in all facilities is 120.
75% &70% of Cleanliness and hygiene in procedure area and ambulatory & auxiliary area, respectively at IMCHRC, DH, BSBH Mhow. Sanwer & Hatod with 75% in both the areas by Depalpur 50%. Only Manpur and Simrol are with 100%.
Conclusion: Knowledge attitude and practices regarding Infection Control, benefits of hand wash & 6 steps of Hand wash correct method of wearing and removing hand gloves, when to use & its types, making Chlorine Solution, Decontamination & Cleaning of Instruments, standard Precautions, Knowledge about Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and its practice among nurse and staff among all health care personnel is satisfactory.
Keywords: Cleanliness, Public Health, Care & Infection.
A CLINICO -PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF NEOPLASTIC AND NON-NEOPLASTIC OVARIAN LESIONS.
Authors: Verma Dr. Reena , Singh Dr. Kulwant , Kaur Dr. Swaran , Mahendru Dr. Rajiv , Agarwal Dr. Deepti , Rana Dr. Parveen 
Published: November 2019

Background: Ovarian lesions constitute a complex group with varied clinical behaviour and pathology. The ovaries constitute the internal reproductive organs their lesions can present in childhood to postmenopausal age group Clinical, radiological and gross examination alone cannot distinguish benign from malignant lesions; hence, histopathological examination is needed for their diagnosis and management.
Objectives: A Clinico -pathological analysis of non-neoplastic and neoplastic ovarian lesions.
Materials and methods: This descriptive study of one year comprised of 80 ovarian lesions diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Bhagat Phool Singh Government medical college Sonipat. After thorough gross examination, representative bits were routinely processed and stained with H & E. Tumours were classified as per WHO classification.
Results: Out of 80 ovarian lesions received, non-neoplastic lesions constituted 39% (31/80). Benign lesions constituted 45% (36/80) whereas borderline and malignant lesions constituted 5% (4/80) and 11.25% (9/80) respectively. Among non-neoplastic lesions, follicular cysts (67.7%) constituted the majority followed by corpus luteal cysts and endometriotic cysts. Among neoplastic lesions majority of the tumours were of surface epithelial type (69.38%) followed by germ cell tumours (18.36%). Bilateral lesions were seen in 17 (26.98%) patients while unilateral lesions were seen in 46 (73.01%) patients. Patients age varied from 16 to 75 years. For non-neoplastic lesions, patient age varied from 16 to 61 years. For neoplastic lesions patient age ranged from 18-75 years with age range of 18-75 years for benign tumours and 26-66 years for malignant tumours. Abnormal uterine bleeding was the commonest clinical presentation of non-neoplastic lesions. Benign and malignant tumours were most commonly associated with pain abdomen.
Conclusion: Ovarian lesions comprise of variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. By knowing clinical data, gross features, we can narrow our differential diagnosis and reach to the final diagnosis. So, early diagnosis and treatment definitely reduce the mortality from ovarian tumours.
Keywords: Non-neoplastic, Benign, Malignant, Ovary, Lesions, Cysts, Tumours.
AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF VARICOCELE
Authors: Yadav Dr. Dinesh Singh , Khan Dr. Farukh 
Published: November 2019

Background
A varicocele is described as pathologically enlarged, tortuous veins of the pampiniform plexus, leading to an increased testicular temperature and adrenal metabolite reflux into the testes. The purpose of this work was to find presentations of “varicocele.
Methods
Hospital based prospective study conducted on 50 cases reporting to General surgery, Paed. Surgery and urology department within the study duration and eligible as per inclusion criteria was included in study.
Results- Most of the patients (56.00%) were presented with pain and dragging sensations followed by 28.00% patients were presented for infertility and 16.00% patients were did not have any complaints but referred from various recruitment agencies for fitness purposes.Out 50 patients 48% patients were treated by palmos technique and 36.00% patients were treated by high inguinal ligation
Conclusion
It conclude that Varicocele epidemiology remains incompletely understood. We need well‑designed, large‑scale studies that include evaluation of important clinical factors to comprehend fully the epidemiological aspects of this condition.
Keywords- Varicocele, epidemiology, urology
ROLE OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY (FNAC) AS DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN BONE TUMOURS
Authors: Bodhireddy Dr. Sridhar Reddy , Rani Dr. G.Sobha 
Published: November 2019

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a highly effective procedure in diagnosing the bony problems. It is a simple low cost, relatively a painless procedure. The cases were categorized based on cyto- morphological features of aspirate.
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the diagnosis and to differentiate the primary bone tumour like lesions.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 58 cases of bone tumours during a three years period (2015 - 2018) in department of pathology, Government medical college, Kadapa.
Requirement of materials: 10 ml disposable syringe with 22-25 G needle, suitable fixative is Isopropyl alcohol, Alcohol fixed slides were taken for Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain.
Results: In the present study we registered 58 cases. Among these, 36 (62.06%) cases were Osteoclastoma, 20(34.4%) were Osteo sarcoma, 2 (3.44%) were Ewing’s sarcoma. The predominant age group in Osteoclastoma is 21-30 years, in Osteosarcoma 41-50 years, in Ewing’s sarcoma 11-20 years group. Male to female ratio in Osteoclastoma is 8:1, in Osteosarcoma 9:1, Ewing sarcoma 1:1.
Keywords: FNAC, Bone tumours to evaluate benign and malignant tumours of bone
PREDICTION OF PREECLAMPSIA BY WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE AND BY MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE
Authors: Acharya Dr. Rujuta 
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: The early detection of the risk of PE may improve the outcome by increasing patient surveillance or by initiating a therapeutic intervention. After taking family history and medical history of obstetric events, hypertension, renal disease, or thrombophilia can help to stratify the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and history alone will identify fewer than half the women who later develop pre-eclampsia. Routine screening for specific risk factors for pre-eclampsia i.e. nullipara, older age, high body mass index (BMI), family history of pre-eclampsia, multiple pregnancy, more than 10 years between pregnancies, and a personal history of pre-eclampsia is advised.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:Detail history of all the participants was taken which comprises of age, parity, and past obstetric complications. Medical history was taken and pregnant ladies. Blood pressure measurement was done by standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Mean arterial pressure was calculated by Burton’s formula. Waist circumference was measured midway between the lowest rib and the iliac crest. Waist circumference of >80 cm was used as a cut off.
RESULTS: Majority of the patients who developed pre eclampsia were in the age group of 20 to 25 years (66%).in our study primigravida were 60% who developed pre eclampsia. In our study 40 (20%) had mean arterial pressure >90 mmHg 22 developed preeclampsia while out of 160 (80%) patients having mean arterial pressure <90 mmHg 24 developed preeclampsia. sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value was 47.83 %, 88.31 %, 55.00% and 85.00 % respectively.86 women had waist circumference >80 cm out of 80 women 34 developed preeclampsia while 52 were normotensive. Out of 114 women having waist circumference <80 cm 12 developed preeclampsia while 102 remain normotensive with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 73.91%, 66.23%, 39.53% and 89.47% respectively.
CONCLUSION: Mean arterial pressure is a good predictor of preeclampsia with high specificity and negative predictive value. Waist circumference is a simple, and reproducible method with high negative predictive value.