bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Queering Time: The Temporal Body as Queer Chronotope in Virginia Woolf’sOrlando
Authors: Mittal Biswas Pooja 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper studies how the novelOrlandoby Virginia Woolf deconstructs the male / female gender binary by deconstructing the past / future time binary. The protagonist’s sex change disrupts the linearity of ‘straight time’, in which the causality of gender is monodirectional, queer agency is impossible, and a false equivalency is drawn between gender identity and biological sex. The text instead leads Orlando (and the reader) away from straight time and into queer time, which is multidirectional, non-linear and non-heteronormative, and which unhitches gender identity at least partially from biological sex through a process that I call ‘gender lag’. This lag grants queer agency to Orlando in terms of his / her own gender identity and gender performativity. In exercising queer agency, Orlando’s changing body becomes a queer ‘chronotope’, that is, a queer expression of time and space within the narrative. Explored in the paper are the various means employed within the text to queer time and gender. The cultural context within whichOrlandowas written is also considered as a contributing factor to the subtextuality of its queerness. Finally, the text’s transgender connotations are analysed.
Changes in the result of antinuclear antibody immunofluorescence assay on HEp-2 cells reflect disease activity status in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Prado Mônica Simon , Dellavance Alessandra , Rodrigues Silvia Helena , Marvulle Valdecir , Andrade Luis Eduardo Coelho 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
The objective of the study was to determine whether the staining pattern and titer of indirect immunofluorescence assay on HEp-2 cells (HEp-2 IFA) are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease activity.

Methods
A total of 269 consecutive patients meeting the ACR and SLICC criteria for SLE were classified into three groups according to the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI2K): Remission (SLEDAI2K = 0; n = 47); Intermediate (SLEDAI2K = 1-5; n = 111); Active (SLEDAI2K ≥ 6; n = 111). All subjects were assessed for HEp-2 IFA titer and staining pattern and nine traditional parameters of SLE disease activity. After a 6 to 12-month interval, 101 of the 269 patients were reassessed.

Results
HEp-2 IFA homogeneous nuclear pattern (AC-1) occurred more frequently in the Active Group compared to the Remission Group (p < 0.001). Fine speckled nuclear pattern (AC-4) tended to occur more frequently in the Remission Group compared to the Active Group (p = 0.054). Subjects with AC-1 pattern had higher SLEDAI (8.8 ± 7.6) than those with AC-4 (4.8 ± 5.2) (p < 0.001). HEp-2 IFA titer and anti-nuclear antibody by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ANA-ELISA) values were lower in the Remission Group compared to the other two groups (p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses identified only ELISA anti-dsDNA as an independent variable associated with disease activity. In follow-up analysis, HEp-2 IFA titer decreased significantly in the 33 subjects with decreased disease activity (p = 0.002). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for determination of disease activity showed equivalent areas under the curve (AUC) for HEp-2 IFA titer and traditional disease activity parameters.

Conclusions
HEp-2 IFA pattern and titer can reflect SLE disease activity and may be considered in conjunction with other laboratory and clinical parameters in the assessment of SLE disease activity.
Promoting learning and unlearning through textual enhancement in a closely related L1-L2 relationship
Authors: Della Putta Paolo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the differential effects of Textual Enhancement (TE) on the learning and unlearning of two syntactic properties of Spanish – the absence of the Pre-possessive Determiner Article (PPDA) and the presence of the Prepositional Accusative (PA) – which each pose specific acquisitional difficulties for Italian-speaking learners of Spanish (ISS) due to their asymmetrical relationships with corresponding L1 structures. 77 ISS were divided in two experimental groups: group A read 5 texts with TE on PA – the feature to be learned – and group B read the same 5 texts with TE on PPDA – the feature to be unlearned. The participants took a timed grammatical judgment task three times (before, five days after, and two months after the instructional treatment). The results are compared with those of Della Putta (2016), a symmetrical study to this, in which the same teaching intervention and experimental conditions were adopted with Spanish-speaking learners of Italian, whose task was to unlearn PA and to learn PPDA. The bidirectional comparison shows a similar, weak effect of TE, although in the present study, unlike in Della Putta (2016), unlearning did not seem to be more difficult than learning. These similarities and differences are discussed and theoretically motivated.
Interface properties of carbon fiber reinforced cyanate/epoxy resin composites at cryogenic temperature
Authors: Yan Meiling , Zhang Chengwei , Jiao Weicheng , Li Jun , Huang Yifan , Chu Zhenming , Chen Xiaodan , Shen Feng , Wang Yong , Wang Rongguo , He Xiaodong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study focuses on the influence of cryogenic temperature on the interface of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs). Results of interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and mode II interlaminar fracture toughness (G
IIC

) at −196°C increased by 15.3% and 27.6% compared to the condition at room temperature (RT). By measuring the IFSS at −196°C, a new experimental method was designed based on microbond test. The layer shear fracture morphologies of CFRP were observed by atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. In order to study the interlaminar fracture mechanism, the interface and resin fracture hybrid model was built, and the shear-lag theory of interfacial toughness was adopted to analyze the energy release rate (G
dc

) of microbond. The results showed that the G
dc

value was increased by 11.5% from RT to −196°C temperature. A higher G
IIC

of CFRP was dominated by the higher IFSS and resin energy absorption at −196°C.
The lexicon of pulmonary ailment in some medieval Irish medical texts
Authors: Hayden Deborah 
Published: March 2020

Résumé
Le terme loch tuile ne se trouve pas dans les sources lexicographiques qui ont été publiées jusqu’à présent pour les langues gaéliques. Il est utilisé, cependant, pour faire référence à la maladie pulmonaire dans des manuscrits médicaux irlandais copiés pendant les quinzième et seizième siècles, dans un cas comme glose interlinéaire sur le texte juridique en vieil-irlandais connu sous le nom de Bretha Déin Chécht (‘Les jugements [du médecin mythologique] Dían Cécht’). Il s’agit dans cet article d’examiner quelques attestations de ce terme et de ses dérivés, en faisant appel à textes qui se trouvent dans quatre manuscrits différents. La discussion vise alors à élucider quelques aspects de la terminologie médicale gaélique pendant l’époque médiévale, et aussi à faire des observations préliminaires sur les liens qui auraient existé entre les manuscrits en question.
Thermalization and Nonequilibrium Steady States in a Few-Atom System
Authors: Mayer Daniel , Widera Artur 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We investigate nonequilibrium steady states in an isolated system of few ultracold cesium atoms (Cs). Numerically and experimentally, we study the dynamics and fluctuations of the extracted position distributions and find the formation of nonthermal steady states for absent interactions. Atomic collisions in the s-wave regime, however, ensue thermalization of the few-particle system. We present numerical simulations of the microscopic equations of motion with a simple representation of the s-wave scattering events. Based on these simulations, a parameter range is identified, where the interaction between few atoms is sufficiently strong to thermalize the nonequilibrium steady state on experimentally accessible time scales, which can be traced by monitoring the atomic position distribution. Furthermore, the total energy distribution, which is also accessible experimentally, is found to be a powerful tool to observe the emergence of a thermal state. Our work provides a pathway for future experiments investigating the effect interactions in few-particle systems and underlines the role of fluctuations in investigating few-particle systems.
Consideraciones sobre la transmisión textual de laCrónica de Iria
Authors: Agrelo Ana Isabel Boullón 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe textual transmission of theCrónica de Iria(a historical text written in Galicia in the 15th century) has been controversial in recent years. Its latest editor, José Souto, holds that the original text is the oldest manuscript (C), written in the 15th century by Rui Vázquez. On the other hand, David Mackenzie considered that this manuscript (C) and the seventeenth-century copy (V) come from the lost archetype with different degrees of manipulation. The historical data provided by Fernando López Alsina analysing the reasons for the composition of theCrónica de Iriasupports Mackenzie’s analysis. The present article examines the indirect tradition and carries out a careful collation of the texts, aiming to draw more effective conclusions as regards the existing filiation.
L’Historia della guerra del Monferrato: un testo non piemontese
Authors: Ferrarotti Lorenzo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The 17th century poem called Historia della guerra del Monferrato is generally deemed to be written in a Piedmontese dialect (specifically, in a variety from Monferrat) and for this reason it is included in Piedmontese anthologies and treated as a Piedmontese text by scholars. This paper aims to show, by a comparative linguistic analysis, that this text it is not actually written in Piedmontese, adding evidence to some neglected suggestions by Carlo Salvioni in this regard. In fact, he believed that the Historia was a text from Bergamo, but even this claim is inaccurate, because the main linguistic features of this text can show that its place of origin is probably an area between eastern Lombardy, Emilia and Venetia, perhaps in the surroundings of Mantua.
Biophysical Basis of Alpha Rhythm Disruption in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Sharma Rohan , Nadkarni Suhita 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOccipital alpha is a prominent rhythm (∼10 Hz) detected in electroencephalography (EEG) during wakeful relaxation with closed eyes. The rhythm is generated by a subclass of thalamic pacemaker cells that burst at the alpha frequency, orchestrated by the interplay of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (HCN) and calcium channels in response to elevated levels of ambient acetylcholine (ACh). These oscillations are known to have a lower peak frequency and coherence in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Interestingly, calcium signaling, HCN channel expression and ACh signaling, crucial for orchestrating the alpha rhythm, are also known to be aberrational in AD. In a biophysically detailed network model of the thalamic circuit, we investigate the changes in molecular signaling and the causal relationships between them that lead to a disrupted thalamic alpha in AD. Our simulations show that lowered HCN expression leads to a slower thalamic alpha, which can be rescued by increasing ACh levels, a common therapeutic target of AD drugs. However, this rescue is possible only over a limited range of reduced HCN expression. The model predicts that lowered HCN expression can modify the network activity in the thalamic circuit leading to increased GABA release in the thalamus and disrupt the calcium homeostasis. The changes in calcium signaling make the network more susceptible to noise, causing a loss in rhythmic activity. Based on our results, we propose that reduced frequency and coherence of the occipital alpha rhythm seen in AD may result from downregulated HCN expression, rather than modified cholinergic signaling.
A minimum dataset for a Level 1 echocardiogram: a guideline protocol from the British Society of Echocardiography
Authors: Hindocha Rakhee , Garry David , Short Nadia , Ingram Tom E. , Steeds Richard P. , Colebourn Claire L. , Pearce Keith , Sharma Vishal 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The British Society of Echocardiography has previously outlined a minimum dataset for a standard transthoracic echocardiogram, and this remains the basis on which an echocardiographic study should be performed. The importance of ultrasound in excluding critical conditions that may require urgent treatment is well known. Several point-of-care echo protocols have been developed for use by non-echocardiography specialists. However, these protocols are often only used in specific circumstances and are usually limited to 2D echocardiography. Furthermore, although the uptake in training for these protocols has been reasonable, there is little in the way of structured support available from accredited sonographers in the ongoing training and re-accreditation of those undertaking these point-of-care scans. In addition, it is well recognised that the provision of echocardiography on a 24/7 basis is extremely challenging, particularly outside of tertiary cardiac centres. Consequently, following discussions with NHS England, the British Society of Echocardiography has developed the Level 1 echocardiogram in order to support the rapid identification of critical cardiac pathology that may require emergency treatment. It is intended that these scans will be performed by non-specialists in echocardiography and crucially are not designed to replace a full standard transthoracic echocardiogram. Indeed, it is expected that a significant number of patients, in whom a Level 1 echocardiogram is required, will need to have a full echocardiogram performed as soon as is practically possible. This document outlines the minimum dataset for a Level 1 echocardiogram. The accreditation process for Level 1 echo is described separately.
Adult Movement Defects Associated with a CORL Mutation in Drosophila Display Behavioral Plasticity
Authors: Dimitriadou Agapi , Chatzianastasi Nasia , Zacharaki Panagiota I , O’Connor MaryJane , Goldsmith Samuel L , O’Connor Michael B , Consoulas Christos , Newfeld Stuart J 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The CORL family of CNS-specific proteins share a Smad-binding region with mammalian SnoN and c-Ski protooncogenes. In this family Drosophila CORL has two mouse and two human relatives. Roles for the mouse and human CORL proteins are largely unknown. Based on genome-wide association studies linking the human CORL proteins Fussel15 and Fussel18 with ataxia, we tested the hypothesis that dCORL mutations will cause adult movement disorders. For our initial tests, we conducted side by side studies of adults with the small deletion Df(4)dCORL and eight control strains. We found that deletion mutants exhibit three types of behavioral plasticity. First, significant climbing defects attributable to loss of dCORL are eliminated by age. Second, significant phototaxis defects due to loss of dCORL are partially ameliorated by age and are not due to faulty photoreceptors. Third, Df(4)dCORL males raised in groups have a lower courtship index than males raised as singles though this defect is not due to loss of dCORL. Subsequent tests showed that the climbing and phototaxis defects were phenocpied by dCORL21B and dCORL23C two CRISPR generated mutations. Overall, the finding that adult movement defects due to loss of dCORL are subject to age-dependent plasticity suggests new hypotheses for CORL functions in flies and mammals.
De Novo Genome Assembly of the Meadow Brown Butterfly, Maniola jurtina
Authors: Singh Kumar Saurabh , Hosken David J , Wedell Nina , ffrench-Constant Richard , Bass Chris , Baxter Simon , Paszkiewicz Konrad , Sharma Manmohan D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Meadow brown butterflies (Maniola jurtina) on the Isles of Scilly represent an ideal model in which to dissect the links between genotype, phenotype and long-term patterns of selection in the wild - a largely unfulfilled but fundamental aim of modern biology. To meet this aim, a clear description of genotype is required. Here we present the draft genome sequence of M. jurtina to serve as a founding genetic resource for this species. Seven libraries were constructed using pooled DNA from five wild caught spotted females and sequenced using Illumina, PacBio RSII and MinION technology. A novel hybrid assembly approach was employed to generate a final assembly with an N50 of 214 kb (longest scaffold 2.9 Mb). The sequence assembly described here predicts a gene count of 36,294 and includes variants and gene duplicates from five genotypes. Core BUSCO (Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs) gene sets of Arthropoda and Insecta recovered 90.5% and 88.7% complete and single-copy genes respectively. Comparisons with 17 other Lepidopteran species placed 86.5% of the assembled genes in orthogroups. Our results provide the first high-quality draft genome and annotation of the butterfly M. jurtina.
Early Drought-Responsive Genes Are Variable and Relevant to Drought Tolerance
Authors: He Cheng , Du Yicong , Fu Junjie , Zeng Erliang , Park Sunghun , White Frank , Zheng Jun , Liu Sanzhen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDrought stress is an important crop yield limiting factor worldwide. Plant physiological responses to drought stress are driven by changes in gene expression. While drought-responsive genes (DRGs) have been identified in maize, regulation patterns of gene expression during progressive water deficits remain to be elucidated. In this study, we generated time-series transcriptomic data from the maize inbred line B73 under well-watered and drought conditions. Comparisons between the two conditions identified 8,626 DRGs and the stages (early, middle, and late drought) at which DRGs occurred. Different functional groups of genes were regulated at the three stages. Specifically, early and middle DRGs display higher copy number variation among diverse Zea mays lines, and they exhibited stronger associations with drought tolerance as compared to late DRGs. In addition, correlation of expression between small RNAs (sRNAs) and DRGs from the same samples identified 201 negatively sRNA/DRG correlated pairs, including genes showing high levels of association with drought tolerance, such as two glutamine synthetase genes, gln2 and gln6. The characterization of dynamic gene responses to progressive drought stresses indicates important adaptive roles of early and middle DRGs, as well as roles played by sRNAs in gene expression regulation upon drought stress.
SKN-1 Is a Negative Regulator of DAF-16 and Somatic Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Deng Jianhui , Dai Yuxi , Tang Haiqing , Pang Shanshan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The transcription factor SKN-1, the C. elegans ortholog of mammalian Nrf protein, is a well-known longevity factor, and its activation is observed in several long-lived models. SKN-1 also plays essential roles in xenobiotic and oxidative stress responses. Here, we report deleterious functions of SKN-1 in somatic stress resistance that may impair lifespan. Constitutive SKN-1 activation impairs animal resistance to several stresses, including heat, ER stress and mitochondrial stress, which result from the suppression of DAF-16, another master regulator of longevity. SKN-1 activation abrogates DAF-16 nuclear import and downregulates DAF-16 target genes under stress conditions, while SKN-1 inhibition promotes the expression of DAF-16 targets, even in long-lived mutants. Further, SKN-1 activation induces the expression of vitellogenin proteins, which are required for SKN-1-mediated suppression of DAF-16 and stress resistance. Together, these findings identify detrimental roles for SKN-1 activation in animal health, and more importantly, inspire the rethinking of the complex roles for SKN-1 in aging regulation.
Father, Womb, Blood: Apollo’s embryological theory, the ethics of revenge, and the supposed exclusion of women in Aischylos’ Eumenides
Authors: Tralau Johan 
Published: March 2020

In Aischylos’ Eumenides, Apollo intimates a theory according to which the father is the sole genetic parent of the child. The status of this conception, and whether it is depicted as an outlandish idea, has been much and inconclusively discussed. This paper considers a neglected piece of evidence: Apollo’s use of the very unusual word αὐτάδελφον when addressing Hermes. In light of the Greeks’ awareness of this etymology as well as the other instances of this rare word in tragedy, the author argues that Aischylos’ text highlights the etymological connection to δελφύς, the womb, thus evoking the role of the mother. This suggests that Aischylos subtly lets his, and Apollo’s, language rebel against the notion of merely paternal kinship, and the concomitant ideas about revenge, retaliation and children’s obligations to their parent.
The Novelty of Ayahuasca Scale and the prediction of intentions to use
Authors: Altman Brianna R. , Mian M. N. , Earleywine M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveGiven the growing popularity of ayahuasca and other hallucinogens, we sought to identify related expectancies and their role in why people might use this psychoactive brew rather than classic hallucinogens like LSD or psilocybin.MethodExperienced users (N = 139) completed an online survey about their use of hallucinogens (including ayahuasca), how their ayahuasca experiences differed from those with other hallucinogens, as well as their intentions to use hallucinogens (including ayahuasca) in the future.ResultsParticipants expected ayahuasca effects to differ meaningfully from the effects of other hallucinogens in multiple domains. Expected differences involved positive connections to nature (and other people), dramatic (or terrifying) thoughts, high variability of effects, and physical reactions. Intentions to use ayahuasca in the future increased as expectancies for positive connections increased, but decreased as physical reactions increased. One version of the full Novelty of Ayahuasca scale significantly covaried with the likelihood of using ayahuasca over other hallucinogens in the future, while another version did not. This result calls for further work examining how users perceive certain ayahuasca-induced effects.ConclusionsThese findings reveal that expectancies for ayahuasca differ from those for other hallucinogens, and impact an individual's willingness to try the substance again. Understanding these differences might help those who are interested in the therapeutic potential of hallucinogens decide among those available. Future studies might examine how these expectancies predict intentions to use ayahuasca (and other hallucinogens) longitudinally. Comparable approaches could also identify unique expectancies for other hallucinogens to see if those predict a preference for one over others.
Flavonoides em Annonaceae: ocorrência e propriedades biológicas
Authors: Nunes Clara dos Reis , Bernardes Natalia Ribeiro , Glória Lorena de Lima , Oliveira Daniela Barros de 
Published: March 2020

Esta revisão descreve algumas propriedades biológicas e químicas, bem como os usos etnobotânicos e farmacológicos de algumas substâncias isoladas a partir do gênero Annona (família Annonaceae). As espécies dessa família possuem distribuição tropical e subtropical. A Annona muricata L., em especial, possui proeminência na economia de frutos tropicais, além de ser quimicamente caracterizada pela presença de substâncias fenólicas e terpênicas. Logo, este trabalho destaca a importância e ocorrência desses metabólitos, bem como suas atividades biológicas.