bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Ceruloplasmin levels in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus – Assessing the cardiovascular risk
Authors: Indra S. Sakthi , Sivaranjani Dr. N. , Rajalakshmi Dr. K. , Birundha Dr. S. , Balasubramanian Dr. A. 
Published: November 2019

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an endocrinological disease associated with hyperglycemia characterized by both insulin resistance and defective insulin secretion. Cardiovascular diseases are the peak reason for mortality in India, highest rate seen in Tamil Nadu state, from the age of 25 to 69 years. Many studies have revealed the importance of inflammatory pathway playing a pivotal role in the development and progression of diabetic complications. Ceruloplasmin, a copper containing mettalo-enzyme having antioxidant property (e.g ferroxidase activity) is an ideal marker to know the cardiovascular status, glycemic status, dyslipidemia and cancer risk. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Body Mass Index (BMI) and Ceruloplasmin levels on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients. Fasting Blood glucose, lipid profile which includes serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, HDL and serum ceruloplasmin were investigated using fully automated chemistry analyzer. Diabetic patients were segregated into three groups based on their BMI, which was correlated with inflammatory marker ceruloplasmin to assess the cardiovascular risk. The mean value and standard deviation of ceruloplasminin controls (n=60) and diabetic cases divided into normal weight, over weight and obese (n=20 each) were 38.3±8.45, 36±7.99, 33.2±3.57and34.2±6.24 mg/dl respectively. Ceruloplasmin among the cases and controls were not statistically significant. Serum ceruloplasmin levels and BMI showed no correlation among the group 1 diabetic cases and was not significant (p=0.29), among the group 2diabetic cases it showed weak correlation and was not significant (p=0.85), and it also showed no correlation among the group 3 diabetic cases and was not significant (p=0.65).This study revealed no significant association between serum ceruloplasmin level and BMI in all diabetic group subjects separately.
A STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF PTERYGIUM IN A TERTIARY PRIVATE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Rajani Dr. 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Exact etiology and pathogenesis of pterygium remains unclear, but it is more common in people with excessive outdoor exposure to sunlight and wind, such as those who work outdoors.
Materials & Methods: To analyze the epidemiology and prevalence of pterygium in a hospital-based study in Department of Ophthalmology, Fathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa. The study period was from May 2017 to April 2018. 50 study subjects with pterygium were studied.
Results: A cross-section hospital-based, observational study was conducted. Among the study subjects the maximum prevalence were from ≥60 year age group (36%), followed by 40-60 year age group (34%).
Keywords: Prevalence, Pterygium, Kadapa
STUDY OF RENAL FUNCTION TEST IN CHILDREN WITH MALARIA
Authors: Maanju Dr. Abender Singh , Verma Dr. K C 
Published: November 2019

Background: Malaria is a disease of global importance having effect on more than ninety countries and territories in the tropical and subtropical region of earth. Objectives: This study was undertaken to assess the renal functions in children with malaria.
Methods: Sixty children with smear positive malaria were included in this study. Detailed history regarding main renal manifestations was obtained. Renal function was assessed by gfr, blood urea and serum creatinine. It is compared with 25 age and sex matched healthy controls.
Results: proteinuria was documented in 42% of cases and it was common with falciparum infection. blood urea and serum creatinine were significantly high in malaria cases compare to controls.
Conclusion: The evaluation of renal functions in malaria infected children should form an important part of assessment because of variety of acute onset renal dysfunction. In addition it may facilitate safer use of fluids and drugs study also showed that renal dysfunction found in human malaria.

Keywords: Acute renal failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, glomerularfilteration rate.
“LOCAL COMPLICATIONS OF PERIPHERAL INTRAVENOUS CHEMOTHERAPY – ANALYSIS IN CARCINOMA BREAST PATIENTS”
Authors: Parmeshwar Dr. Tushar M. , Gupta Dr. Dilip , Darokar Dr. Rutuja 
Published: November 2019

Aims: To identify and record the local reactions at the site of IV cannula in women with carcinoma breast during peripheral intravenous chemotherapy treatment. To find out the incidence of these reactions and correlations with various factors.
Method- Prospective Observational Studywas done with evaluation of 559 individual peripheral intravenous chemotherapy cycles given in carcinoma breast patients from June 2013 to September 2015.
Results: 1 in every 5 carcinoma breast patients receiving peripheral intravenous chemotherapy developed local complications. (20.92% in adjuvant cases and 18.55% in neoadjuvant cases). Pain followed by induration and altered skin color were the most common complications. Extravasation was present in 6.44% cases.other complications commonly noted were tingling sensation in IV applied limb, edema, thrombophlebitis, cellulitis and ulcer. IV cannula application on ipsilateral site (in limb on side of breast cancer) is associated with RR=2.08. IV cannulation over the wrist have 1.57 times (RR=1.57) and multiple puncture attempts to secure IV cannula is associated with 1.97 times (RR=1.97) more risk of developing local complications following peripheral intravenous chemotherapy. Elderly age >50yrs, small of large calibre IV cannula (no 18 G and No 24 G) have more local complications.
Conclusions: Occurrence of local complications after peripheral intravenous chemotherapy in carcinoma breast patient is common. Vigorous monitoring of patient with repeated and frequent examination of site of chemotherapy cannulisation must be done during the complete chemotherapy infusion process and detailed records must be kept at every stage. A generalised chemotherapy infusion guidelines and protocol should be established according to the hospital occurrence. Active Patients participation in monitoring is advised. More multicentre studies are required to create a data base of venous damage occurring following intravenous peripheral chemotherapy and to formulate standard guidelines and protocols to reduce the rate of complications. Precaution, and care during peripheral intravenous chemotherapy can prevent development of local complications and remove the need for surgical intervention for management of the complications, thus, reduce the hospital stay, additional diagnostic procedures and treatment, stress in the life of the patients' relatives, extra work load on the health personnel and economic loss accordingly.
A STUDY OF DORSAL SACRAL AGENESIS IN THE REGION OF EASTERN UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: Mohammad Dr. Fateh , Khan Dr. Kamil , Alam Dr. Md Tabrej 
Published: November 2019

Background: Sacrum is a triangular shaped irregular bone formed by fusion of five sacral vertebrae. Sacrum is also called ‘Hieron osteon’ meaning the holy or sacred bone.
Methods: The present study has been carried out on 98 completely ossified undamaged dry human sacra of undetermined age and sex in the department of Anatomy in the population of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. Each sacrum is examined for the agenesis of the dorsal surface. Representative photographs of different sacrum having partial or complete agenesis on the dorsal surface are taken using a digital camera
Result: Elongated sacral hiatus i.e. length more than 40 mm was seen in 5 (5.1%) bones. Maximum sacral hiatal length of 52.6 mm was noted. Elongated sacral hiatus were of two types i.e. inverted U and inverted V shaped. 4 (4.08%) bones showed partial dorsal agenesis of sacrum. Complete dorsal agenesis was seen in 1 sacrum. One bones with absent sacral hiatus was seen.
Conclusion: Various anomalies on dorsal surface of sacrum were seen in Indian population. Knowledge of these variations will be of help to the Anaesthetists. We conclude that, variant anatomy on dorsal surface of sacrum make administration of caudal epidural anaesthesia difficult. So ultrasound or fluroscopic guidance leads to better patient outcome while giving caudal blocks.
Keywords: Dorsal sacral agenesis, sacral hiatus, caudal epidural block
TO STUDY THE INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM IN BABIES WITH EXAGGERATED PHYSIOLOGICAL JAUNDICE
Authors: Jain Kalpesh Kumar , Agarwal Manoj 
Published: November 2019

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism is well known cause of prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and appears to be associated with the delayed maturation of hepatic uridine diphosphate glucoronyl transferase enzyme activity.
Methods: This is a prospective, longitudinal and randomized study 100 babies are taken consisting of all newborn, age less than 28 days, admitted to hospital with exaggerated physiological jaundice.
Results: One case of congenital hypothyroidism in exaggerated jaundice based on raised TSH levels. Rest of the cases (99%) having normal TSH levels. One case (1%) having TSH level of 48µu/ml on D7 of life indicating congenital hypothyroidism. TSB of this baby is 21.3 mg%. One baby is having TSH level of 30.4µu/ml on D3 of life which subsequently decreased to normal physiological limits on D7 of life.
Conclusion: Though the present study is unable to make significant correlation between cause and effect relationship of neonatal exaggerated jaundice and congenital hypothyroidism, but as one case has diagnosed to be suffering from congenital hypothyroidism, TSH should be considered as a screening test for all babies suffering from exaggerated physiological jaundice besides the other predisposing factors responsible for causation of hypothyroidism.
Keywords: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, Preterm, Congenital hypothyroidism
TO STUDY THE PRESENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL SOFT SIGNS IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AND BIPOLAR DISORDER AND COMPARE THE VARIOUS SUBSCALES.
Authors: Singh Dr. Ashutosh , Kumar Dr. Sudhir , Sisodia Dr. Anil Kumar 
Published: November 2019

Background: The study was conducted at the Mental Health & Hospital, Agra. It is a tertiary referral center and a postgraduate teaching hospital. The hospital has a wide catchments area which includes diagnosis of schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder.
Result: It included AV integration, Stereognosis, Graphesthesia, Extinction and Right left confusion. On sensory integration subscale of NES schizophrenia group had the highest mean score (4.93±2.74) then were the bipolar group (1.50±1.98) and least score was of control group (0.20±0.66) i.e. on sensory integration subscale of NES bipolar group scores were intermediate between schizophrenia and control group. Results of one way ANOVA revealed significant group differences F (2, 87) =45.35, p< .01. Games-Howell post hoc comparisons revealed significant differences in Schizophrenia vs Bipolar group (p< .01), Schizophrenia Vs Control group (p< .01) as well as in Bipolar Vs Control group (p< .01) i.e. on sensory integration subscale of NES schizophrenia patients scored significantly higher than bipolar and control group. Also bipolar group scored significantly higher than control group.
Conclusion: On “Sensory Integration” subscale of NES, schizophrenia patients scored significantly higher than both the bipolar patients and controls. Bipolar patients scored significantly higher than controls. On “Motor Coordination” subscale of NES, schizophrenia patients scored significantly higher than both the bipolar patients and controls. But bipolar patients did not differed significantly from controls.
Keywords: Neurology, Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder & Sign
PROFILE OF PATIENTS OF GLAUCOMA IN JAMMU PROVINCE (A HOSPITAL BASED STUDY)
Authors: Manhas Angli , Manhas Rameshwar S , Manhas Gaurav S , Gupta Dinesh 
Published: November 2019

Background: Glaucoma comprises group of disorder which cause damage to the ganglion cells and optic nerve fibers resulting in permanent loss of vision. Glaucoma is a silent killer of vision, the only treatable factor is IOP which can be lowered by medical means, laser treatment or surgery.
Objectives: The objective of the study was to see profile of patients of glaucoma in jammu province.
Material and method: The present prospective study involved 200 patients was conducted in the out-patient department of ophthalmology at tertiary care hospital of North India. After meeting inclusion & exclusion crieteria the patients underwent detailed clinical history, general examination, complete ophthalmological examination including dilated fundus examination, intra ocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy etc was done to diagnose different types of glaucoma.
Results: Maximum number of patients i.e.128 were seen in age group of ≥50yrs followed by 60 in 41-50 yrs. Males i.e. 127 outnumbered females in present study. Total of 139 were from rural area. Maximum patients complain of diminution of vision ie 180 followed by pain in 135. Vision of 6/24-6/18 i.e. 59 (R/E) & 57 (L/E) followed by PL to <6/60 in 48(R/E) & 47(L/E) patients whereas PL absent was seen in 12 patients. Gonioscopically angle was open in 172(R/E) & 174(L/E) patients. Total of 102 patients had POAG.
Conclusion: From present study we may conclude that glaucoma problem was more common in elderly age group and in males. It can lead to loss of vision among patient who suffer extreme optic nerve damage without realizing it. Therefore, for everybody above the age of 40years, it is mandatory to have IOP checked once a year especially if there is any risk factor for glaucoma like diabetes mellitus, myopia, family history of glaucoma, prolonged use of topical steroids etc.
Keywords: Glaucoma, Gonioscopy, Intraocular Pressure(IOP), Visual acuity.
ASSESSMENT OF LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE OF BASIC LIFE SUPPORT ALGORITHM AMONG NURSING STAFF IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: Singh Dr. Raghvendra , Seervi Dr. Satya Narayan 
Published: November 2019

Background: Cardiac arrests and accidents are the most common emergencies with grave consequences. These emergencies can be managed efficiently by proper knowledge and practice of resuscitation skills
Methods: A cross-sectional Analytic study was conducted among the nursing staff. Data was collected using structured questionnaire which collected information regarding the basic demographic factors, knowledge regarding the BLS resuscitation.
Results: 67.00% nursing staff had medium knowledge followed by 20.00% nursing staff had good knowledge and 13.00% nursing staff had poor knowledge.
Conclusion: Awareness of Basic Life Support (BLS) among nurses staff is poor and needs to be improved.
Keywords: BLS, Knowledge, Nursing staff, Knowledge
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF SILICOSIS WITH BILATERAL SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX IN RAJASTHAN
Authors: Joshi Dr Nalin , Dixit Dr Ramakant 
Published: November 2019

Background: Silicosis is reported to be an occupational lung disease, which is caused by the inhalation of silica dust. Workers in occupations related to silica dust exposure are characterized by increased foci of fibrogenesis which result in radiological and pathological findings in the lungs. In most circumstances silicosis only develops subsequent to substantial occupational exposures.
Material & Methods: The present prospective study was conducted at department of respiratory medicine of our tertiary care hospital. The study was an observational study conducted during a period of one year. The study done at 95% confidence interval at 10% of maximum allowable error. All patients who were diagnosed with silicosis were enrolled into the study.
Results: In the present study, all patient had cough at presentation out which 7 (70%) patients had dry cough and 3 patients with productive coughs, four patients experienced loss of appetite. Eight (80%) patients had a history of smoking. Chest X-rays of all patients revealed bilateral, widespread, reticulonodular, and nodular appearances. Six patients had work on crusher machine and four patients as manual stone cutter. Pneumothorax was located bilaterally in all cases.
Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that inhalation of quartz dust or silica dusts was commonly associated with adverse health effects and it can cause serious morbidity like secondary spontaneous pneumothorax and mortalities.
Keywords: Silicosis, occupational lung disease, secondary spontaneous pneumothorax.
ASSESSMENT OF BURDEN OF ASPHYXIATED BABIES ACCORDING TOMETHOD OF RESUSCITATION AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Bijarnia Dr. Satya Narayan , Dev Dr. Deveshwar , Gupta Dr. R K 
Published: November 2019

Background: Perinatal asphyxia is characterized among the fetus or new born due to deficiency of perfusion to the various organs of the fetus or new born. Birth asphyxia is the single most important perinatal cause of brain damage in term infants. When asphyxia is followed by an abnormal neonatal behavior a syndrome has been described known as hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
Material & Methods: The new born with congenital malformation of CNS were excluded from the study. Each selected newborn was subjected to Apgar scoring at birth and assessment of gestational age. The Apgar scoring was done at one and five minutes after births and infants were categorized into mild, moderate and severe birth asphyxia according to Apgar score at 1 minute of age after birth
Results: In the present study, on the basis of clinical symptoms we found that asphyxiated group males comprised 62% cases and females 38% cases male female ratio was 1.63:1.0 it is statistically in significant. as compared to control group where male female ratio was 2.59:1. In Mild and moderate asphyxia male preponderance was seen while in severe asphyxia the difference was not marked There was no statistically significant sex difference in birth asphyxia.
Conclusion: We concluded from the present study that in resuscitation of mild and moderately asphyxiated babies Bag and Mask was used more frequently (40% and 82.5% respectively) and endotracheal tube with Ambubag was used more (75%) frequently for severely asphyxiated babes.
Key words: asphyxia, resuscitation, Ambubag.
ALTERED PASSIVE TOOTH ERUPTION: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Javiya Dr. Samit , Phadnaik Dr. Mangesh , Tripathi Dr. Ripunjay , Bhailume Dr. Pallavi , Agarwal Dr. Sharad , Solanki Dr. Ankit 
Published: November 2019

Gummy smile constitutes a relatively frequent aesthetic alteration characterized by excessive exhibition of the gums during smiling movements of the upper lip. APE is a factor that frequently contributes to the presence of a gummy or gingival smile, and it can easily be corrected by periodontal surgery. In the present article four cases of the same situation and appropriate treatment were given for each case are presented.
Keywords: Gummy smile, altered passive tooth eruption, dentogingival unit, crown lengthening procedure
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF CARETAKERS OF PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM DEPRESSIVE DISORDER
Authors: Manhas Rameshwar S , Manhas Angli , Akhter Rukhsana , Thappa Jagdish R , Manhas Gaurav S 
Published: November 2019

Background: Depression is a condition characterized by state of aversion to activity and low mood. It can affect a person’s sense of well being, feelings, motivation, thoughts and behavior
Aims: To find sociodemographic profile of the caretakers of patients suffering from depressive disorder.
Materials & Methods: The present observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 caretakers of patients suffering depression. Sociodemographic characteristics like age, address, sex, religion, occupation, type of family, education, relation with patient etc were studied.
Results: Majority of the caretakers i.e. 46.7% were above 46 years, 60.8% were females whereas 39.2% were males. 52.5% caretakers were from rural background, 60% were Hindus, 76.7% were married, 62.5% were from joint families, 56.7% were illiterate and 60% were unemployed. Maximum percentage of caretakers i.e. 45.9% were parents while majority i.e. 59.2% belongs to lower socioeconomic class.
Conclusion: From present study we conclude that majority of the caretakers of the patients suffering from depression were females, above 46 years of age with rural background, living in joint families, illiterate, unemployed and belongs to low socioeconomic class. So it is suggested that service providers, researchers, policy makers and planers should address the issues of these caretakers carefully so that the prognosis of depressive disorder can be improved.
Keywords: Caretakers, Depression, Stigma.
TO STUDY THE VARIOUS ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX AT TERTIARY CARE CENTER JAIPUR, RAJASTHAN, INDIA
Authors: Mandawariya Dr. Mukesh Kumar , Joshi Dr. Nalin , Agnihotri Dr. S.P. , Mandawariya Rekha 
Published: November 2019

Background: Primary spontaneous pneumothoraces (PSP) affect patients who do not have clinically apparent lung disorders. Secondary pneumothoraces occur in the setting of underlying pulmonary disease.
Methods: A total of 100 patients, including both males and females, admitted during the given period to the hospital with a diagnosis of spontaneous Pneumothorax (SP) were included in the study after applying to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Results: COPD was the most common cause (45.6%) followed by Tuberculosis (30%). Silicosis was seen in 18.9% of SSP cases. Other less common causes were Bronchiectasis (3.3%), Pneumonia (1.1%) and Malignancy (1.1%).
Conclusion: Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is far more common than primary spontaneous pneumothoraces and COPD is the predominant underlying cause of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax followed by pulmonary tuberculosis. We also found that silicosis is a significant contributor to secondary spontaneous pneumothorax, after COPD and pulmonary tuberculosis.
Keywords: COPD, TB, Etiology
ROLE OF ULTRA SOUND GUIDED FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY (FNAC) IN OVARIAN MASS LESIONS
Authors: Rani Dr. G.Sobha , Bodhireddy Dr. Sridhar Reddy 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Ovarian mass lesions are evaluated by ultrasound guided FNAC. It is useful to distinguish between neoplastic and non neoplastic ovarian masses.
Aim: The aim of the study is to study the cyto-morphlogical features of ovarian masses.
Materials and Methods: The present study is done over a period of two years i.e., from March 2017 to February 2019. A total number of 76 cases were studied in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kadapa. All the cases were categorised based on cyto-morphological features obtained ultra sound guided FNAC.
Requirement of materials: 10 ml disposable syringe with 22-25 G needle, suitable fixative is Isopropyl alcohol, Alcohol fixed slides were taken for Heamatoxyllin and Eosin (H&E) stain.
Results: In the present study we registered 76 cases. Among these 72 cases (94.73%) were primary tumors of ovary, two cases (2.63%) were secondaries and two cases (2.63%) were non neoplastic i.e., endometriosis of ovary.
Key Words: Ultrasound guided FNAC, Non neoplastic, Neoplastic ovarian lesions, Kadapa