bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan daya pembersih kavitas saponin ekstrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn) 0,78% dan asam sitrat 6% (The difference of 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract and 6% citric acid for cleanliness of cavity)
Authors: Setianingrum Ivon Dewi , Suardita Ketut , Subiyanto Ari , Wahjuningrum Dian Agustin 
Published: July 2020

Background: Cleanliness of cavity is considered important for a restoration. Smear layer formed after cavity preparation should be removed in order not to disrupt the bond adhesion between restorative materials and dental cavities. Saponins contained in mangosteen pericarp (Garcinia mangostana L.) have surfactant properties that can eliminate the smear layer assessed. 6% citric acid is a chelating agent which can eliminate the inorganic particles of the smear layer. Until now, the research on the differences of 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract and 6% citric acid for cleanliness of cavity has never been done. Purpose: To see the differences between 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract and 6% citric acid as cavity cleanser. Method: Eighteen human teeth with complete crown, no caries, and no fractures were randomized in 3 groups (n≥6), in this experiment use (n=6). The cavity was prepared using wheels bur for hand use instrument. After instrumentation, each cavity on the first group used 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract as cavity cleanser, the second group used 6% citric acid as cavity cleanser, and the control group used aquadest. Then, the teeth were split to be observed on Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Result: For Mann- Whitney test there were significant differences just between 078% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract with 6% citric acid, and 6% citric acid with aquadest, but not for 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract with aquadest. Median value of 6% citric acid showed 2,000 which is the smallest value compared to the value of the other groups. Conclusion: The cleanliness of cavity with 6% citric acid is better than that with 0,78% saponin from mangosteen pericarp extract.
Kemampuan Bioaktif Glass (Novamin) dan Casein Peptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) terhadap Demineralisasi Enamel
Authors: H Jeanny Kathleen , Lunardhi Cecilia G.J. , Subiyanto Ari 
Published: July 2020

Background: Oral cavity is always associated with a dynamic atmosphere where the process of demineralization and remineralization will continue to occur. Caries is a pathological state of continuous demineralization process. Prevention of the occurrence of demineralization process can be done by enhancing remineralization, materials that can be used materials that can trigger a process of remineralization include fluoride, cpp-acp, and novamin. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the potential of bioactive-Glass (Novamin) and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) containing dentifrice on enamel demineralization. Method: A total of 24 sound human premolars were divided into 4 groups and continued into pH cycling regime to be evaluated with Scanning Electron Microscope – Energy Dispersive X-Ray. Result: Group D showed significantly higher values (P < 0.05) when compared with less demineralization lesion than Group A, B, and C. Conclusions: The ability of Novamin on demineralization lesions better than CPP-ACP.
EKSPRESI TGF-B DAN MMP-1 PADA PERIODONTITIS APIKALIS KRONIS AKIBAT INDUKSI BAKTERI ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS TIKUS WISTAR
Authors: Yuanita Tamara , Hotmaria Hadriany , Effendy Ruslan , Suardita Ketut 
Published: July 2020

Background. The main etiology of endodontic treatment failure is caused by bacteries that stay in the root canal. E.faecalis is a bactery that is found as an etiology of endodontic treatment failure. Cell wall of this bacteria is containing Lipoteichoic acid (LTA). LTA can penetrate into the periradicular tissue, act as endotoxin in host and cause periradicular inflammation and destruction. It occurs due to the capability of TGF-ß to enhance the proliferation collagen and MMP-1 to stop the collagen formation. The ability of enterococcus faecalis in enhancing inflamation process cause host can not reach the homeostasis phase and performing an even bigger tissue damage. Purpose. The aim of this study is to know about the expression of of TGF-ß and MMP-1 during the periapical tissue damage due to induction of E.faecalis. Method. This study used laboratory experimental with the post test only control group design. A total of 27 male rats were randomly divided into 3 main groups. Group A (negative control) : every tooth was’nt induced by anything. Group B ( positive control): every tooth was induced only by sterile BHIb and closed by GIC Fuji II as the final restoration. Group C (: every tooth was induced by 10 μl BHI-b E.faecalis ATCC212(106 CFU), and closed by GIC Fuji II as the final restoration. The animals were sacrificed after 21 days and prepared for histological examination of tissue damage, then we did the immunohistochemistry followed by calculation on the light microscope. Result. The analysis revealed that the expression of MMP-1 increased significantly in group C when E.faecalis was induced. When expression of TGF-ß decreaced significantly in group C rather than group B. Conclusion. From this study we know that the expression of TGF-ß and MMP-1 are make opposite pathway due to chronic apical periodontitis that induced by E.faecalis.
PERBEDAAN KHASIAT ANTIBAKTERI BAHAN IRIGASI LARUTAN PROPOLIS DAN SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE TERHADAP BAKTERI Streptococcus viridans
Authors: Kusumawardhani Tabita , Sukaton Sukaton , Sudirman Achmad 
Published: July 2020

Background. Bacteria is main etiologycal factor of pulpo-periapical disease. Therefore, eliminating bacteria is the important part on root canal treatment. It can be obtained by using irrigation agent that has antibacterial effect and endodontic sterilization agent. Beside of its antibacterial effect, the ideal irrigation agent should has an ability to remove necrotic tissue and less toxic. Propolis is well known as a natural substain that has antibacterial effect and less toxicity. So, it has a potential use as irrigation agent compared with common root canal irrigation agent, sodium hypochloryte. Purpose. The aim of this study was to observed the difference of antibacterial effect between propolis solution and sodium hypochlorite. Method. Nine samples of Streptococcus viridans were prepared and each sample devided into three parts namely group P (propolis solution), group N (sodium hypochlorite), and control group S (saline). Each group was treated with 0,01 cc agent of root canal irrigation, then was stored in incubator 370C for 24 hours. After that, inhibition zone diameter of each group was observed.Result. The average of inhibition zone diameters in sodium hypochlorite’s group was 23,47 mm; in propolis solution’s group was 18,70 mm. There were significant difference of antibacterial effect between propolis solution and sodium hypochlorite, against Streptococcus viridans. Conclussion. Antibacterial effect of sodium hypochlorite is higher than propolis solution, but we should consider the potential use of natural agent-propolis solution as root canal irrigation due to its antibacterial effect.
Hubungan Tindakan Kesehatan Gigi Dan Mulut Pasien Terhadap Kepatuhan Dalam Menjalani Perawatan Berulang
Authors: Mujahidin Ahmad , Sampoerna Galih 
Published: July 2020

Background. Oral health problems in the community one of them is behavioral factors of oral hygiene. It is associated with the treatment that requires patients to make treatment stages that can’t be resolved by the operator in a single visit. Treatment done by because there are some conditions such as emergency cases, complicated and requires a lot of time. Purpose. The aim of the study was look at the relationship between dental health measures to compliance with repeated treatments. Method. This study is an observative analytical research using cross sectional design. research is divided into two parts, to find level of dental health action and Patient Compliance In Repeated Treatment. Level of oral hygiene of patients is knew by questionnaire. Compliance is measured by looking at the card status of patients. Result. Found 45.71% of respondents have a high health measures on dental health, while another 11.43% having low health measures on dental and oral health. Then there is also a health measure as much as 42.86% of patients who were. A total of 68.57% of people dutifully repeated during treatment and no patient who did not obey repeated during treatment. A total of 11 patients from 35 patient trial (31.43%) patient compliance in a state of being. Once associated with poorer spearman correlation test statistic p-value = 0.882. Conclusion. There was no significant relationship between dental health action patient on patients compliance in repeated treatments. It is seen from the p-value> 0.05 in spearmen correlation of test results.
Math Students help their Community develop Balanced Refuse Collection Routes
Authors: Vasko Francis Joseph , Andris Sean , Bailey Brian , Ritzko Joe 
Published: July 2020

In fall of 2017, the Superintendent of Public Works for Kutztown Borough approached Kutztown Universityâ€™s Department of Mathematics seeking help in â€œre-balancingâ€ refuse collection routes in the Borough of Kutztown.Â Historically, refuse was collected two days a week on the south side (Mondays and Thursdays) of Main Street and two days a week on the north side (Tuesdays and Fridays) of Main Street.Â Wednesdays were used for recycling collection.Â Over the years, new housing development was primarily on the north side of Main Street.Â As a result of this development, refuse collection time had become â€œunbalancedâ€; requiring more time for the north side collection.Â During the spring semester 2018, several math majors in their last semester at Kutztown University developed a new refuse collection strategy.Â This strategy balanced collection times over the four collection days and just as importantly, minimized the modifications to the existing routes.Â Additionally, a minimum number of residents were impacted while accounting for future housing development.Â Their strategy has been successfully used in the Borough of Kutztown since August 2018.
El método AIV para efectivizar la comprensión lectora de textos poéticos
Authors: Farje Cuchillo José Armando 
Published: July 2020

El estudio tuvo por finalidad determinar si la aplicación del método AIV (análisis, interpretación y valoración) efectiviza la comprensión lectora de textos poéticos en estudiantes de la Universidad Privada del Norte. La investigación fue de tipo aplicado, explicativo, cuasi experimental transversal, hipotético deductivo y cuantitativo.
La muestra fue de 45 estudiantes para el grupo experimental (GE) y 46 para el grupo control (GC). En ambos se enseñaron los mismos contenidos, pero el método se aplicó al GE, mientras el GC trabajó con la metodología habitual.
El resultado indico que los promedios alcanzados por el GE fueron más altos en relación con el GC. En consecuencia, se rechazó la hipótesis nula. Se concluyo que existen diferencias significativas en la comprensión lectora de textos poéticos del GE antes y después de aplicar el método AIV.
Canine colostrum exosomes: Characterization and influence on the canine mesenchymal stem cell secretory profile and fibroblast anti-oxidative capacity.
Authors: Villatoro Antonio J , Martín-Astorga María del Carmen , Alcoholado Cristina , Becerra José 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Canine colostrum milk (CCM) is a specific secretion of the mammary gland that is fundamental for the survival of the newborn. CCM has many described components (immunoglobulins, proteins or fat), but its small vesicles, named exosomes, are largely unknown.Results: A characterization of CCM exosomes was performed. Exosomes were abundant in CCM and appeared with the characteristic cup-shaped morphology and well-defined round vesicles. The size distribution of exosomes was between 37 and 140 nm, and western blot analysis showed positive expression of specific exosomal markers. Proteomic analysis revealed a total of 826 proteins in exosome cargo. We also found that exosomes modified the proliferation and secretory profiles in canine mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (cBM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (cAd-MSCs). Additionally, CCM exosomes demonstrated a potent antioxidant effect on canine fibroblasts in culture.Conclusions: Our findings highlight, for the first time, the abundant presence of exosomes in CCM and their ability to interact with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The addition of exosomes to two types of MSCs in culture resulted in specific secretory profiles with functions related to angiogenesis, migration and chemotaxis of immune cells. In particular, the cAd-MSCs secretory profile showed higher potential in adipose tissue development and neurogenesis, while cBM-MSC production was associated with immunity, cell mobilization and haematopoiesis. Finally, exosomes also presented antioxidant capacity on fibroblasts against reactive oxygen species activity within the cell, demonstrating their fundamental role in the development and maturation of dogs in the early stages of their life.
Outcomes of a 12-month patient-centred medical home model in improving patient activation and self-management behaviours among primary care patients presenting with chronic diseases in Sydney, Australia: A before-and-after study.
Authors: John James , Tannous W Kathy , Jones Amanda 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Studies report that increased levels of patient activation is associated with increased engagement with the health care system, better adherence to treatment protocols, and improved health outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of a 12-month Patient-Centred Medical Home (PCMH) model called ‘WellNet’ on the activation levels of patients with one or more chronic diseases in general practices across Northern Sydney, Australia.Methods: A total of 636 patients aged 40 years and above with one or more chronic conditions consented to participate in the WellNet program which was delivered across six general practices in Northern Sydney, Australia. The WellNet intervention includes team-based care with general physicians and trained chronic disease management care coordinators collaborating with patients in designing a patient-tailored care plan with improved self-management support and care navigation according to the level of risk and health care needs. The level of patient activation was measured using the validated PAM 13-item scale at baseline and follow-up. A before and after case-series design was employed to determine the adjusted mean differences between baseline and 12-months using repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Additionally, the backward stepwise multivariable regression models were employed to identify significant predictors of activation at follow-up.Results: Of the 626 patients, 420 reported their PAM scores at follow-up. The mean (SD) baseline PAM score was 57.9 (13.0). The adjusted model showed significant mean difference in PAM scores by increase of 6.5 (95% CI 5.0-8.1; p-value<0.001) after controlling for baseline covariates. The multivariable regression models showed that older age (B = -0.14; 95% CI -0.28, -0.01) and private insurance (uninsured patients) (B = -3.41; 95% CI -6.50, -0.32) were significantly associated with lower PAM scores at 12 months whereas higher baseline PAM score (B = 0.48; 95% CI 0.37, 0.59) was significantly associated with higher follow-up PAM score.Conclusion: The WellNet study is the first of its kind in Australia to report on changes in the patient activation levels among patients with one or more chronic diseases. PCMH has the potential to improve patient activation and engagement which can lead to long-term health benefits and sustained self-management behaviours.
Salt tolerance involved candidate genes in rice: an integrative meta-analysis approach
Authors: Mansuri Raheleh Mirdar , Shobbar Zahra-Sadat , Jelodar Nadali Babaeian , Ghaffari Mohammadreza , Mohammadi Seyed Mahdi , Daryani Parisa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Salinity, as one of the main abiotic stresses, critically threatens growth and fertility of main food crops including rice in the world. To get insight into the molecular mechanisms by which tolerant genotypes responds to the salinity stress, we propose an integrative meta-analysis approach to find the key genes involved in salinity tolerance. Herein, a genome-wide meta-analysis, using microarray and RNA-seq data was conducted which resulted in the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under salinity stress at tolerant rice genotypes. DEGs were then confirmed by meta-QTL analysis and literature review. Results: A total of 3449 DEGs were detected in 46 meta-QTL positions, among which 1286, 86, 1729 and 348 DEGs were observed in root, shoot, seedling, and leaves tissues, respectively. Moreover, functional annotation of DEGs located in the meta-QTLs suggested some involved biological processes (e.g., ion transport, regulation of transcription, cell wall organization and modification as well as response to stress) and molecular function terms (e.g., transporter activity, transcription factor activity and oxidoreductase activity). Remarkably, 23 potential candidate genes were detected in Saltol and hotspot-regions overlying original QTLs for both yield components and ion homeostasis traits; among which, there were many unreported salinity-responsive genes. Some promising candidate genes were detected such as pectinesterase, peroxidase, transcription regulator, high-affinity potassium transporter, cell wall organization, protein serine/threonine phosphatase, and CBS domain cotaining protein. Conclusions: The obtained results indicated that, the salt tolerant genotypes use qualified mechanisms particularly in sensing and signalling of the salt stress, regulation of transcription, ionic homeostasis, and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenging in response to the salt stress.
Evaluation of image quality at the detector’s edge of dedicated breast positron emission tomography
Authors: Satoh Yoko , Motosugi Utaroh , Imai Masamichi , Omiya Yoshie , Onishi Hiroshi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: We assessed image quality of dedicated breast positron emission tomography (dbPET) at the detector's edge by phantom and clinical studies.Methods: A breast phantom with four spheres (16, 10, 7.5, and 5 mm diameter) was filled with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose solution (sphere-to-background ratio, 8:1). The spheres occupied five different positions from the top edge to the centre of the detector and were scanned for 5 min in each position. Reconstructed images were visually evaluated, and % background variability (%N5mm), % contrast (%QH,5mm), and contrast-to-noise ratio (QH,5mm/N5mm) for the 5 mm sphere; and coefficient of variation of the background (CVbackground) were calculated. Subsequently, clinical cases were analysed. Tumour-to-background ratios (TBRs) between breast cancer near the chest wall (close to the detector’s edge; peripheral group) and at other locations (non-peripheral group) were compared. The TBR of each lesion was compared between dbPET and PET/computed tomography (CT).Results: Closer to the detector’s edge, the %N5mm and CVbackground increased and %QH,5mm and QH,5mm/N5mm decreased in the phantom study. The disadvantages of this placement were visually confirmed. Regarding clinical images, TBR of dbPET was significantly higher than that of PET/CT in both the peripheral (12.1±6.2 vs. 6.5±3.4, p=0.0001) and non-peripheral (13.1±7.1 vs. 7.7±7.4, p=0.0004) groups. There was no significant difference in TBR of dbPET between the peripheral and non-peripheral groups (12.1±6.2 vs. 13.1±7.1, p=0.6367).Conclusion: The phantom study revealed poorer image quality closer to the detector edge at a depth of 1/8 of the axial field of view (FOV) than at other more central parts. In clinical studies, however, lesion detectability of dbPET was the same regardless of the lesion position, and it was higher than that in PET/CT. dbPET has a great potential for detecting breast lesions near the chest wall if they are within the FOV, even in young women with small breasts.
TaClpS1, Negatively Regulates Wheat Resistance Against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici
Authors: Yang Qian , Islam Md Ashraful , Cai Kunyan , Tian Shuxin , Liu Yan , Kang Zhensheng , Guo Jun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The degradation of intracellular proteins plays an essential role in plant responses to stressful environments. ClpS1 and E3 ubiquitin ligase function as adaptors for selecting target substrates in caseinolytic peptidase (Clp) proteases pathways and the 26S proteasome system, respectively. Currently, the role of E3 ubiquitin ligase in the plant immune response to pathogens is well defined. However, the role of ClpS1 in the plant immune response to pathogens remains unknown. Results: Here, we identified and characterized wheat (Triticum aestivum) ClpS1 (TaClpS1). TaClpS1 encoded 161 amino acids, contained a conserved ClpS domain and a chloroplast transit peptide (1-32 aa). TaClpS1 was found to be specifically localized in the chloroplast when expressed transiently in wheat protoplasts. The transcript level of TaClpS1 in wheat was significantly induced during infection by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). Knock-down of TaClpS1 via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) resulted in an increase in resistance against Pst, accompanied by an increase in the hypersensitive response (HR), accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of TaPR1 and TaPR2, and a reduction in the growth of Pst. Furthermore, heterologous expression of TaClpS1 in Nicotiana benthamiana enhanced the infection by Phytophthora parasitica. Conclusions: These results suggest that TaClpS1 negatively regulates the resistance of wheat to Pst.
­­­­­The kappa opioid receptor agonist U50,488H did not affect brain-stimulation reward while it elicited conditioned place aversion in mice
Authors: Huang Peng , Gentile Taylor , Muschamp John , Liu-Chen Lee-Yuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective: Selective kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonists were shown to produce a dose-dependent depression of brain-stimulation reward (BSR) in the rat intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) tests. However, limited studies using mice produced less conclusive results. Here the effects of U50,488H were re-examined on BSR in mice with a larger cohort of animals. Results: Forty C57BL/6J male mice were implanted with the electrodes in medial forebrain bundle. About a week after surgery, mice were subject to ICSS training. Only eighteen passed the two-phase procedures, at which point they readily spun the wheels to obtain reinforcing effect of BSR, and were used for the ICSS tests. Compared with saline (s.c.), U50,488H (2 mg/kg, s.c.) did not have effects on the BSR thresholds within 1 h post-treatment, while it decreased the maximum wheel-spinning rates in a time-dependent manner. In contrast, cocaine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) decreased the BSR thresholds time-dependently without affecting the maximum wheel-spinning rates in the same cohort of mice, demonstrating the validity of our mouse ICSS models. For comparison, U50,488H (2 mg/kg, s.c.) induced significant conditioned place aversion (CPA) in a different cohort of mice without surgeries. Thus, ICSS may not be an appropriate test for KOR agonist-induced aversion in mice.