bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historiography in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Gada Muhammad Yaseen 
Published: October 2020

Books Reviewed: Thomas F. Madden, The Concise History of the Crusades,3d ed. (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2014); Paul M. Cobb, The Racefor Paradise (Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2014); Jonathan Harris,Byzantium and the Crusades, 2d ed. (London: Bloomsbury, 2014).
During the last six decades, historians have adopted various approaches tostudying the Crusades. Unfortunately, few contemporary Muslim scholarshave dealt with this topic at all. In the aftermath of 9/11, however, this seriesof European military invasions of the Middle East began to reappear in themedia as analysts, historians, and academics posited that they were a precursorof the region’s present sociopolitical disorder as daunting as the current East-West discourse and relations between the Christian and Muslim worlds.1 Someworks deconstruct the perception that there is no connection between them,whereas others view the Crusades from the Islamic perspective in an attemptto balance the general triumphalist western narrative.2This essay focuses on three recent works that, although dealing with differentstandpoints, are explicitly interwoven. Thomas F. Madden’s The ConciseHistory of the Crusades “is an attempt to illuminate the complex relationshipof the past to the present” and narrates the Crusades in a “concise, understandable,and engaging manner” (pp. vii, viii) based on modern scholarship; PaulM. Cobb’s The Race for Paradise shows how medieval Muslims perceivedthe Crusades and is based on his research primarily from original Islamicsources (p. 6); and Jonathan Harris’ Byzantium and the Crusades concentrateson the relations between Byzantium and the Latin West during the Crusades.Madden’s book comprises ten chapters. Chapter 1, “The Call,” discussesthe crusading movement’s background as primarily an act of piety despite anunderlying current of selfish/secular desires, a fact that western scholars oftenoverlook. He also criticizes historians who believe that many Crusaders weremotivated by medieval Europe’s policy of “castoffs,” wherein only the firstson could inherit his father’s estate, by stating that the majority of crusading ...
Seasonal and spatial variability of the ammonium nitrogen content in the Amur River near Khabarovsk in 2018–2019
Authors: Шестеркин В.П. , Шестеркина Н.М. 
Published: October 2020

Представлены результаты наблюдений за содержанием аммонийного азота в воде р. Амур у г. Хабаровск в 2018–2019 гг. Максимальные значения установлены в правобережной и средней части русла в 2018 г. в начале ледостава (0.37 мг N/дм3), в 2019 г. в конце ледостава (0.32 мг N/дм3). Наименьшие значения зимой отмечены в левобережной части русла Амура из-за влияния зарегулированных рек Зея и Бурея. Показано постепенное снижение концентрации аммонийного азота в течение зимнего периода в 1.5 раза в 2018 г. и возрастание в 2.4 раза в 2019 г. Выявлено снижение концентраций в зимнюю межень 2018–2019 гг. по сравнению с периодом 2011–2013 гг. в 1.9 раза, что свидетельствует об улучшении качества воды р. Сунгари, а соответственно и Среднего Амура. В период открытого русла содержание аммонийного азота по сравнению с зимней меженью ниже и не превышает 0.1 мг N/дм3. Наибольшие значения наблюдаются в правобережной и средней части русла во время половодья и на подъеме паводков, сформированных в бассейнах рек Уссури и Сунгари. Показано, что на гребне катастрофического паводка, сформированного в Забайкальском крае в 2018 г., и очень сильного паводка в 2019 г. содержание аммонийного азота не превышало 0.05 мг N/дм3. Установлено, что содержание аммонийного азота в левобережной части русла, а в межпаводочный период по всей ширине Амура находится ниже предела обнаружения.
The results of observations over the content of ammonium nitrogen in the water of the Amur River near Khabarovsk in 2018–2019 are presented. The maximum values were determined in the right-bank and middle parts of the riverbed in 2018 at the beginning of ice formation (0.37 mg of N/dm3) and in 2019 at the end of ice formation (0.32 mg of N/dm3). The minimum values were observed in winter in the left-bank part of the Amur riverbed due to effect of the regulated rivers of Zeya and Bureya. The gradual decline in the concentration of ammonium nitrogen 1.5 times during the winter season of 2018 and growth 2.4 times in 2019 are shown. The decrease in concentrations 1.9 times during the winter runoff low of 2018–2019 in comparison with period of 2011–2013 was revealed which gives evidence of the water quality improvement in Sungari River and, respectively, in the middle reaches of Amur River. In the period of free channel, the content of ammonium nitrogen is lower in comparison with the same during winter low-water level and does exceed 0.1 mg of N/dm3. The maximum values are observed in the right-bank and middle parts of the riverbed during high water and on the rise of floods formed in the catchments of the Ussuri and Sungari Rivers. It was demonstrated that in the top of the catastrophic flood formed in the Trans-Baikal Territory in 2018 and very strong flood in 2019, the content of ammonium nitrogen did not exceed 0.05 mg of N/dm3. It has been established that the content of ammonium nitrogen in the left-bank part of riverbed and in the peak-flood interval across the whole width of the Amur River is below detection limit.
Pengaruh Teknologi Informasi dan Komitmen Pelayanan terhadap Good Governance di Jajaran Pemerintah Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Fanitra Irma , Junaidi Rahmad 
Published: October 2020

The main focus of this research is to analyze the effect of information technology and service commitment to the implementation of the principles of good government governance (GGG) and its impact on employee performance. The research was conducted at a number of the local government work unit (SKPD) within the Banda Aceh government. Collecting data through distributing questionnaires to 170 employees. Then the data were analyzed using multivariate statistics structural equation modeling. The study found a positive and significant effect of information technology and service commitment on GGG implementation and employee performance. The existence of GGG implementation not only has a positive impact on performance improvement, but also mediates the effect of information technology and service commitment on employee performance. Keywords: Employee’s performance, GGG implementation, information technology, services commitment, structural equation modelling.
THE INCIDENCE OF REFLUX-ESOPHAGITIS, COMPLICATED BY GASTROCARDIAL SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH OF THE HERNIA OF THE ESOPHAGEAL OPENING OF THE DIAPHRAGM
Authors: Воеводина Анна Александровна 
Published: October 2020

В настоящей публикации осуществлён анализ частоты внепищеводного проявления рефлюкс-эзофагита, такого как гастрокардиальный синдром у больных с кардиальными, кардиофундальными, субтотальными, тотальными и параэзофагеальными (ПЭ) грыжами пищеводного отверстия диафрагмы.
This publication analyzes the frequency of extraesophageal manifestations of reflux esophagitis, such as gastrocardialny syndrome in patients with cardiac, cardiofundal, Subtotal, total and paraesophageal (PE) hernias of the esophageal orifice of the diaphragm.
THE MEANING OF MODERN YOUTH'S LIFE AS A PHILOSOPHICAL PROBLEM
Authors: Костикова Юлия Валерьевна 
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается проблема философского осмысления смысла жизни человека; дается краткая характеристика подходов к пониманию смысла жизни в трудах известных ученых; анализируются вопросы, касающиеся изучения смысла жизни современной молодежи в рамках философских исследований.
The article deals with the problem of philosophical understanding of the meaning of human life; provides a brief description of approaches to understanding the meaning of life in the works of famous scientists; analyzes issues related to the study of the meaning of life of modern youth in the framework of philosophical research.
WELDING WITH A MIX OF DISPERSED-HARDENED ALUMINUM COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Губин Антон Михайлович , Овчинников Виктор Васильевич 
Published: October 2020

Установлена возможность применения сварки трением с перемешиванием для получения неразъемных соединений дисперсно-упрочненных алюмоматричных композиционных материалов, армированных наночастицами AlO и SiC. Определен рациональный диапазон параметров режима в зависимости от объемной концентрации упрочняющих частиц.
It is possible to use friction welding with mixing to produce non-corrosive compounds of dispersed aluminum composite materials reinforced by AlO and SiC nanoparticles. A rational range of regime parameters is defined depending on the volume concentration of hardening particles.
DANGEROUS CHALLENGES OF THE TIKTOK SOCIAL NETWORK FOR THE PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH OF A MODERN TEENAGER
Authors: Тевлентина Елена Николаевна 
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматриваются особенности челленджей социальной сети TikTok и влияние их на психологическое благополучие подростка. Тематика роликов и трендов, представленных в приложении, не только сильно сказываются на восприятии и понимании молодыми людьми реальности, но и воздействуют на конструкцию самоидентификации подростков, их психологическое развитие, межличностное отношение и социальное поведение.
The article discusses the features of the TikTok social network challenges and their impact on the psychological well-being of a teenager. The topics of videos and trends presented in the app not only have a strong impact on the perception and understanding of reality by young people, but also affect the structure of self-identification of teenagers, their psychological development, interpersonal attitude and social behavior.
HEALTH STATUS OF STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF CONSTITUTION BASED ON HEMODYNAMIC INDICATORS STUDY
Authors: Морякина Светлана Васильевна , Джабраилова Малика Сулимовна , Тайсумова Седа Габисовна 
Published: October 2020

Статья затрагивает жизненно важные проблемы, касающиеся здоровья и работоспособности студентов с разным тиром конституции. В городе Грозном нами были проведены исследования состояния сердечно-сосудистой системы студентов мужского пола в возрасте от 20 до 24 лет с разным соматотипом.
The article deals with vital problems relating to the health and performance of students with different types of the constitution. In the city of Grozny, we conducted studies on the state of the cardiovascular system of male students aged 20 to 24 years with different somatotype.
FEATURES OF MORTGAGE LENDING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Горский Марк Андреевич 
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается современное положение на рынке ипотечного кредитования РФ, проводится анализ динамики показателей этого рынка, тенденций развития основных финансовых игроков (банковских организаций). Основное внимание уделяется анализу состава и методам классификации рисков ипотечного кредитования.
The article discusses the current situation in the Russian mortgage lending market, analyzes the dynamics of this market indicators, development trends, key financial players (banking organizations). The main attention is paid to the analysis of the composition and methods of classifying mortgage lending risks.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION OF THE STATE MECHANISM
Authors: Оздамирова Лаура Мусатовна 
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается понятие механизма (аппарата) государства, основные принципы, которые лежат в основе организации и деятельности самого механизма государства. Значение этих принципов для эффективного государственного управления обществом.
The article discusses the concept of the mechanism (apparatus) of the state, the basic principles that underlie the organization and activity of the mechanism of the state. The importance of these principles for effective public administration of society.
Comparing experimental conditions using modern statistics
Authors: Martens Jean-Bernard 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhile the applied psychology community relies on statistics to assist drawing conclusions from quantitative data, the methods being used mostly today do not reflect several of the advances in statistics that have been realized over the past decades. We show in this paper how a number of issues with how statistical analyses are presently executed and reported in the literature can be addressed by applying more modern methods. Unfortunately, such new methods are not always supported by widely available statistical packages, such as SPSS, which is why we also introduce a new software platform, called ILLMO (for Interactive Log-Likelihood MOdeling), which offers an intuitive interface to such modern statistical methods. In order to limit the complexity of the material being covered in this paper, we focus the discussion on a fairly simple, but nevertheless very frequent and important statistical task, i.e., comparing two experimental conditions.
Relationship between morphological and physical properties in nanostructured CuMnO2
Authors: Nguyen Hoa Thi Quynh , Tran Hung Vinh 
Published: October 2020

In this study, crednerite CuMnO2 nanostructures were prepared using a hydrothermal method at 100 °C with different amounts of NaOH mineralizator. Obtained nanostructured crednerite CuMnO2 with monoclinic structure (space group C2/m) exhibits two kinds of morphologies: nanobelts of the length of 1 - 1.5 µm and thickness of 15 - 25 nm, and nanoplatets being of 50 - 70 nm in diameter. Comparative studies of the preprepared samples reveal an intimate relationship between morphological and physical properties in nanostructured CuMnO2. A low NaOH concentration favours elongated crystal growth along the c-axis, creating nanobelt-shaped morphology. On the other hand, a strong base solution promotes the formation of nanoplates. Unique morphologies of nanostructured CuMnO2 affect distinct spectroscopic and magnetic properties. The nanobelt-shaped sample is characterized by the Raman active A1g mode at 637 cm-1 and a modified Curie-Weiss bahaviour. This phase exhibits two successive magnetic phase transitions: ferromagnetically at 9.2 K and antiferromagnetically at 42 K. Conversely, the nanoplate-shaped sample behaves typically as those reported in the literature, namely, the Raman active A1g mode at 688 cm-1 and low-dimensional magnetism with antiferromagnetic ordering below 62 K. The variation in the magnetic properties is presumably associated to the partial oxidation of Cu1+ and Mn2+ in the nanoplate-shaped sample compared to the divalent state of Cu2+ and trivalent Mn3+ ions in the nanobelt-shaped one.
Workshop Public Speaking Bagi Anak Usia Dini di Desa Susuk Kecamatan Ngombol Kabupaten Purworejo
Authors: Faizah Umi , Setyowati Herlina , Setiyono Junaedi , Johan Andrian Nuriza 
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk membantu anak usia dini untuk mengembangkan potensi public speaking. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut metode pelatihan adalah dengan melalui workshop. Sasaran Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah anak usia dini di Desa Susuk Kecamatan Ngombol Kabupaten Purworejo dengan jumlah populasi adalah 60 orang. Permasalahan diselesaikan dalam tiga (3) tahapan kegiatan, yakni persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Pada tahap persiapan yang dilakukan adalah menganalisa masalah dan kebutuhan anak usia dini untuk melatih public speaking. Tahap kedua yaitu pelaksanaan terbagi menjadi beberapa sesi yaitu pembukaan, penyampaian teori dasar public speaking Tahap ketiga yakni evaluasi dengan meminta umpan balik peserta melalui kuesioner tentang pemahaman materi. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dapat diuraikan sebagai berikut: Berdasarkan hasil umpan balik dari peserta, didapatkan informasi bahwa kegiatan ini sangat relevan dengan anak menghadapi permasalan public speaking bagi anak usia dini, para peserta merasa mendapatkan wawasan yang lebih luas tentang public speaking. Disamping Peserta merasa mendapatkan peningkatan dalam hal ketrampilan public speaking untuk anak usia dini, baik secara teori maupun praktik.
Implementasi Implementasi Metode Bahtsul Masail Berbasis Pendidikan Pesantren untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kemampuan Menganalisis Peserta Didik pada Pembelajaran Fisika di SMA
Authors: Jumini Sri , Insiyyah Jauharotul , Khoiri Ahmad 
Published: October 2020

The aims of this study to (1) determine the student ability of critical think and analyze, using the bahtsul masail method, (2) to find out the difference between the bahtsul masail method and the conventional method in physics learning. The method in this study using a true experimental quantitative method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The population used was all class XI students of SMA NU Al-Ma'ruf Kudus and samples were students of class XI MIPA 2 and MIPA 4 taken by random sampling techniques. The data collection used the pretest and posttest to determine the effect of the bahtsul masail method. The results shows (1) The student thinking ability using the Bahtsul Masail method get higher results. (2) Based on the results of data analysis using paired t-test, it is obtained tcount of -7.4828 and ttable of 1.67 with a significance level of 5% and degrees of freedom of 58 so that if t <ttable, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted; This means that there is a difference between the mean pretest and posttest scores, there is also a positive and significant relationship between the bahtsul masail model with students' critical thinking and analyzing abilities. The N-gain value is obtained by an average N-gain score of 0.5902 in the medium category. And for the N-gain score obtained an average of 59,023 which is categorized as quite effective. Thus the application of the bahtsul masail method is effective enough to be applied in a lesson.
Comparison of Combined Nebulization of Salbutamol-Ipratropium Bromide with Salbutamol Alone in Children with Mild and Moderate Acute Asthma
Authors: Raja Naima Fazil , Perveen Asmat , Khan Imran Mahmood , Hussain Maqbool , Krishin Jai , Sherazi Sajid Hussain 
Published: October 2020

ntroduction: The β2 agonists are potent bronchodilators but their repeated and high doses are related to adrenergic side effects. While ipratropium bromide, an anticholinergic bronchodilator has less adverse effects.
Objective: To compare the efficacy of combined nebulization of salbutamol-ipratropium bromide with salbutamol alone in children with mild and moderate acute asthma.
Materials and Methods: This randomised control trial was done on 80 children aged 5 to 12 years who presented with mild to moderate acute asthma in the emergency department of Children Hospital of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) from July 2014 to June 2016 and randomized into 2 groups. In the experimental group each child received 2 nebulizations of combined salbutamol (5mg) and ipratropium Bromide (0.25mg) at presentation and 20 minutes later. Similarly, each child of the control group received 2 nebulizations of 5mg Salbutamol and 2 ml of Normal saline. Asthma clinical score (ACS) was assessed at baseline and then after every 20 minutes up to one hour after the presentation.
Results: In the experimental group, the mean + SD ACS at presentation and 60 minutes were 3.50±1.8 and 3.45±1.7 respectively with mean + SD change in ACS of 0.05 ± 0.1. In the control group, the mean + SD ACS at presentation and 60 minutes were 3.70 ± 1.2 and 3.60 ± 1.9, respectively with mean + SD change in ACS of 0.1 ± 0.7. This difference in mean + SD change in ACS between 2 groups was not statistically significant (P=0.6560).
Conclusion: There is no statistically significant benefit of adding ipratropium bromide with salbutamol nebulization as compared to salbutamol alone for the management of children with mild to moderate asthma attacks.
Adversities faced by Y or Z category health science journals with HEC, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Mujahid , Dr Mahnoor 
Published: October 2020

Objective: To know the rate and predictors for derecognition/demotion in HEC-indexed Y, and Z categories health science journals (HSJs)
Methods: A list of HEC-indexed Y and Z categories HSJs was downloaded from the official website of HEC, Pakistan on 29 July 2019. General information like the type of publisher, specialty, sponsoring body, origin city, and sector (Armed Forces/Civilian) of the derecognized or demoted journals were noted. Fundamental issues like HEC's procedures were resolved using literature review, contacts to the affected journals, and peer-to-peer discussions.
Results: Of 50 journals, 25 (50%) were found against each of the Y and Z categories. Fourteen (56% of the total) Y category journals faced adversity in the form of derecognition (n = 5) or demotion (n = 9). Whereas, the rate increased remarkably to 64% (n = 16) in the Z category. Similarly, the high rate was noticed in specialty-specific journals (67.9%, n =19). A journal under private sponsorship had twofold more chance of the adversity (95%CI:1.003-2.918, p = .05) than public-sponsored journals (75 vs. 50%, respectively). Most of the affected Z category journals (n = 13, 81.3%) had their first registration with HEC before 2015.
Conclusion: The policy of HEC for derecognition/demotion of HSJs needs extensive review to promote medical publications.
A Clinical Audit of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreaticogram of Patients performed in a Secondary Care Hospital
Authors: Khan Imran Anwar , Mahmoud Sheikh Muhammad , Saeed Saman , Akhtar Shajeel , Kataria Muzammil 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Recent advances in ERCP techniques are developed to improve its efficacy and safety but there are limited data regarding the efficacy and safety of ERCP carried out in secondary care hospital setting using modern techniques.
Objective: To perform a clinical audit of ERCP of patients performed in secondary care hospital.
Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Gastroenterology hospital, Lahore from Jan 2018 - Dec 2018. After approval from the ethical committee and informed consent from subjects, detailed demographic information was collected and entered into a structured questionnaire. A total of 66 ERCP were included in the study by non-probability consecutive sampling. Data was analyzed in SPSS ver: 21.0. Frequency and percentages were calculated for qualitative variables like gender and diagnosis and complications.
Results: A total of 66 ERCP were performed. The mean age of patients was 57.35 + 12.30. 36.4% were male and 63.6% were female in our study. 53.0% had malignant ERCP findings and 47.0% had benign pathology. Among malignant conditions were proximal CBD malignant strictures (25.8%), distal CBD stricture with ampullary growth (9.0%), distal malignant CBD stricture (6.0%), long distal malignant CBD stricture (9.0%), and complete malignant obstruction mid CBD (3.1%).
Conclusion: The ERCP services provided at secondary care hospital are standardized with a desirable outcome. The rate of its technical success is comparable to tertiary care setting and complication rates are low alone with mortality related to the procedure.