bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Implications of Lymphocyte/C-Reactive Protein Ratio With Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Resected Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Miyazaki Katsuki , Morine Yuji , Imura Satoru , Ikemoto Tetsuya , Saito Yu , Yamada Shinichiro , Tokuda Kazunori , Okikawa Shohei , Yamashita Shoko , Oya Takeshi , Tsuneyama Koichi , Shimada Mitsuo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLymphocyte/C-reactive protein (CRP) ratio (LCR), is a promising prognostic factor that can reflect tumor inflammation and systemic patient condition. The aim of this study was to investigate whether preoperative LCR can be a prognostic factor for post-surgical outcomes among patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC). We also investigated the relationship between LCR and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) to clarify whether systemic host immune parameters reflect local tumor immunity.MethodsWe enrolled 45 patients who had undergone hepatectomy for IHCC. Patients were divided into low LCR and high LCR groups, according to reactive operating characteristic curve (Cut-off value: 8836). We analyzed their overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) with respect to LCR and other clinicopathological factors. We also investigated stromal TILs and numbers of CD8+ TILs in surgical specimens, and the relationship between LCR and TILs.ResultsTwenty-one patients (46.7%) were associated with low LCR. Low LCR was significantly correlated with older age, high CRP and advanced disease stage, and was a prognostic factor for OS and DFS. And multivariate analysis revealed that low LCR was an independent prognostic factor for worse OS (HR: 2.81 P<0.04). Regarding the relationship between LCR and local tumor immunity, while LCR and levels for stromal TILs were significantly related, LCR and levels for CD8+ TILs were significantly related. ConclusionsPreoperative LCR levels could predict the post-surgical prognosis of patients with IHCC, and reflected numbers of intra-tumoral CD8+ TILs.Trial registrationThis study was approved by Tokushima University Hospital ethics committee and with the approval of corresponding regulatory agencies, and all the experiments were carried out in accordance with the approved guidelines (Tokushima Clinical Trial Management System Number; 3215). All the patients involved in this study signed informed consent forms and agreed to participate.
Primary pulmonary invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma with sigmoid colon metastasis:a case report and literature review
Authors: Fang Jian , hu hui juan , cao hong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Invasive mucinous carcinoma is a very rare tumor. The colonic metast-asis of IMA is more infrequent. So far, no literatures are published. Case presentation: We report a case of a patient with invasive mucinous adenocarci-noma. After serial months of chemitherapy, the sigmoid colonic metastasis was detected.Conclusions: Symptoms and CT findings can initially be subtle, histological examination remains the gold standard for the definitive diagnosis. Patients with high grade primary lung cancer may have gastrointestinal metastases, therefore their gastrointestinal should be examined to allow early detection and treatment.
A Phase 1 Study of SHR6390, A Cyclin-dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitor in Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhang Pin , Xu Binghe , Gui Lin , Wang Wenna , Xiu Meng , Zhang Xiao , Sun Guilan , Zhu Xiaoyu , Zou Jianjun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: SHR6390 is a novel inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 which demonstrated promising anti-tumor potency in preclinical models. This first-in-human study was conducted to evaluate the tolerability, pharmacokinetics, safety, and preliminary antitumor activity of SHR6390 in patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC).Methods: In this open-label, phase 1 study, patients who had failed standard therapy were enrolled to receive oral SHR6390 in 3 + 3 dose-escalation pattern at doses of 25−175 mg. Eligible patients were given a single-dose of SHR6390 in week 1, followed by once daily continuous doses for three weeks, and one week off in 28-day cycles. Based on the tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and activity data revealed from the dose-escalation phase, three dose cohorts were selected to expand to 8−10 patients. The primary endpoints were maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and pharmacokinetics. Results: Between Apr 15, 2016 and Dec 21, 2018, 40 patients were enrolled; all were diagnosed of hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative ABC. SHR6390 100 mg, 125 mg, and 150 mg cohorts were expanded to 10 patients. No dose limiting toxicity was observed and the MTD was not reached. Adverse events (AEs) of grade 3 or 4 were observed in 22 (55.0%) of 40 patients, being neutropenia (52.5%), leukopenia (35.0%), thrombocytopenia (5.0%), and hypertension (2.5%). No serious AEs were reported. At the doses of 50−175 mg, steady state areas under the concentration-time curve and peak concentration increased almost proportionally with dose. The disease control rate (DCR) was 62.5% (25/40, 95% CI: 45.8−77.3). Two patients (5%; 125 mg and 150 mg cohorts) achieved partial response, with responses lasting 169 and 356+ days, respectively. Among the three expansion cohorts, the 150 mg cohort had the numerically highest DCR of 80.0% (95% CI: 44.4‒97.5) and longest median progression-free survival of 8.4 months (95% CI: 2.1‒not reached).Conclusions: SHR6390 showed acceptable safety profile and dose-dependent plasma exposure in patients with ABC. The recommended phase 2 dose was 150 mg. Preliminary evidence of clinical activity was observed, which warrants further validation.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02684266. Registered Feb 17, 2016. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02684266.
Engineering Oleaginous Yeast Rhodosporidium Toruloides for Overproduction of Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters
Authors: Zhang Yang , Peng Jie , Zhao Huimin , Shi Shuobo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundProduction of biofuels and green chemicals by microbes is currently of great interest due to the increasingly limited reserves of fossil fuels. Biodiesel, especially fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), is considered as an attractive alternative because of its similarity with petrodiesel and compatibility with existing infrastructures. Cost-efficient bio-production of FAEEs requires a highly lipogenic production host that is suitable for large-scale fermentation. As a non-model oleaginous yeast that can be cultured to an extremely high cell density and accumulate over 70 % biomass as lipids, Rhodosporidium toruloides represents an attractive host for FAEEs production. ResultsWe first constructed the FAEE biosynthetic pathways in R. toruloides by introducing various wax ester synthase genes from different sources, and the bifunctional wax ester synthase /acyl-CoA-diacyglycerol acyltransferase (WS/DGAT) gene from Acinetobacter baylyi was successfully expressed, leading to a production of 826 mg/L FAEEs in shake-flask fermentation. We then mutated this bifunctional enzyme to abolish the DGAT activity, and further improved the titer to 1.02 g/L. Finally, by fed-batch fermentation in a 1-L fermenter, the titer of FAEEs reached 9.2 g/L. It is worth mentioning that most of the produced FAEEs were secreted out of the cell, which should greatly reduce the cost of downstream processing.ConclusionWe achieved the highest FAEEs production in yeast with a final titer of 9.2 g/L and demonstrated that the engineered R. toruloides has the potential to serve as a platform strain for efficient production of fatty acid derived molecules.
Predictors for County Level Variations in Initial 4-week COVID-19 Incidence and Case Fatality Risk in the United States
Authors: Khose Swapnil , Chan Hei Kit , Wang Henry E. , Moore Justin Xavier 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
While studies indicate differences in incidence and case fatality risk of COVID-19, few efforts have shed light on regional variations in the intensity of initial community spread. We conducted a nationwide study using county-level data on COVID-19 from Center for Systems Science and Engineering at Johns Hopkins University. We characterized intensity of initial community COVID-19 attack by calculating the incidence and case fatality risk (CFR) for the first 4-week period of COVID-19 spread in each county. We used multivariate multilevel multinomial logistic regression to estimate the association of county-level characteristics with COVID-19 incidence and CFR. Of 3,143 counties, we included 1,052 with at least 100 reported cases on June 1st. Median incidence was 193.4 per 100,000 population (IQR: 94.2-397.5). Median case fatality risk was 3.6% (IQR: 1.4–7.3). Median age, rural population, population density, lower education, uninsured population, obesity, COPD prevalence were positively associated, while population, female sex, races (Asian, white), higher education, excessive drinking were negatively associated with initial COVID-19 incidence. Median age, female sex, Asian race, population density, higher education, excessive drinking, Intensive Care Unit beds, airborne infection isolation rooms were positively associated, while Hispanic ethnicity, lower education, obesity (paradox), uninsured population were negatively associated with initial COVID-19 CFR.
Developing a Tailored Implementation Action Plan for a Suicide Prevention Clinical Intervention in an Australian Mental Health Service: A Qualitative Study Using the EPIS Framework.
Authors: Zbukvic Isabel , Rheinberger Demee , Rosebrock Hannah , Lim Jaclyn , McGillivray Lauren , Mok Katherine , Stamate Eve , McGill Katie , Shand Fiona , Torok Michelle , Moullin Joanna C 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Tailoring implementation strategies to local contexts is a promising approach to supporting implementation and sustainment of evidence-based practices in health settings. While there is increasing research on tailored implementation of mental health interventions, implementation research on suicide prevention interventions is limited. This study aimed to evaluate implementation and subsequently develop a tailored action plan to support implementation, sustainment and scale-up of an evidence-based suicide prevention intervention - Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS) - in an Australian public mental health service.Methods: This study took place within a larger randomised stepped-wedge design suicide prevention trial. Approximately 150 mental health staff working within a regional and remote community Local Health District in Australia were trained in CAMS. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups with frontline staff and clinical leaders were conducted to examine barriers and facilitators to using CAMS. Data were analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach and mapped to the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation and Sustainment (EPIS) framework. This was followed by stakeholder engagement to design a tailored implementation action plan based on a ‘tailored blueprint’ methodology.Results: A total of 22 barriers to implementing CAMS were identified. Based on the perceived impact on implementation fidelity and the feasibility of addressing identified barriers, six barriers were prioritised for addressing through an implementation plan. These barriers were mapped to evidence-based implementation strategies and, in collaboration with local health district staff, goals and actionable steps for each strategy were generated. This information was combined into a tailored implementation plan to support the sustainable use of CAMS as part of routine care within this mental health service. Conclusions: This study provides an example of a collaborative approach to tailoring strategies for implementation on a large scale. Novel insights were obtained into the challenges of evaluating the implementation process and barriers to implementing an evidence-based suicide prevention treatment approach within a geographically large and varied mental health service in Australia.Trial registration: This study was conducted as part of the LifeSpan suicide prevention trial. Trial registration for LifeSpan in Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Register, ID: ACTRN12617000457347. Prospectively registered on 28 March 2017.
Comparative Study of Trajectory Tracking Control for Automated Vehicles via Model Predictive Control and Robust H-infinity State Feedback Control
Authors: Yang Kai , TANG Xiaolin , Qin Yechen , Huang Yanjun , Wang Hong , Pu Huayan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A comparative study of model predictive control (MPC) schemes and robust A state feedback control (RSC) method for trajectory tracking, is proposed in this paper. Both MPC-based and RSC-based tracking controllers are designed on the basis of a 3-DOF vehicle model, including longitudinal, lateral and yaw motions. The main objective of this paper is to compare both controllers’ performance in tracking expected trajectory under different scenarios. Therefore, three cases, namely, verification test, double lane change test and curve test, were built in Carsim-Simulink joint platform. The simulation results indicate that MPC controller performed better in terms of accuracy and responding time under well driving conditions. However, in the test of double lane change manoeuvre where the road adhesion was set as 0.2, the maximum velocity RSC can execute was 14m/s, while that for MPC was 10m/s. In addition, in the curve test, the maximum velocity MPC can carry out was only 9m/s and that for RSC was 12m/s. In conclusion, RSC was robust and stable when the driving conditions was worse, while MPC was prone to be unstable.
Mapping Regional Forest Management Units: A Road-based Framework in Southeastern Coastal Plain and Piedmont
Authors: Yang Di , Fu Chiung-Shiuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Management practices are one of the most important factors affecting forest structure and function. Landowners in southern United States manage forests using appropriately sized areas, to meet management objectives that include economic return, sustainability, and esthetic enjoyment. Road networks spatially designate the socio-environmental elements for the forests, which represented and aggregated as forest management units. Road networks are widely used for managing forests by setting logging roads and firebreaks. We propose that common types of forest management are practiced in road-delineated units that can be determined by remote sensing satellite imagery coupled with crowd-sourced road network datasets. Satellite sensors do not always capture road-caused canopy openings, so it is difficult to delineate ecologically relevant units based only on satellite data. By integrating citizen-based road networks with the National Land Cover Database, we mapped road-delineated management units across the regional landscape and analyzed the size frequency distribution of management units. We found the road-delineated units smaller than 0.5 Ha comprised 64% of the number of units, but only 0.98% of the total forest area. We also applied a statistical similarity test (Warren’s Index) to access the equivalency of road-delineated units with forest disturbances by simulating a serious of neutral landscapes. The outputs showed that the whole southeastern U.S. has the probability of road-delineated unit of 0.44 and production forests overlapped significantly with disturbance areas with an average probability of 0.50.
Effectiveness of Securing Central Venous Catheters with Topical Tissue Adhesive in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Prachanpanich Naruemol , Morakul Sunthiti , Kiatmongkolkul Napanont 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Central venous catheters (CVCs) play an important role during cardiac surgery. Topical tissue adhesives form a thin film of coating that becomes bound to keratin in the epidermis. The advantage of this “super glue” lies in its antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to evaluate fixation of CVCs with topical tissue adhesive in patients (prone to bleed) undergoing cardiac surgery regarding its ability to reduce the incidence of pericatheter leakage.Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 150 patients >15 years of age who were (1) scheduled to undergo elective cardiac surgery, (2) required CVC insertion at the internal jugular vein, and (3) scheduled for transfer postoperatively to the cardiac intensive care unit. We randomly assigned patients to a topical tissue adhesive group (TA) or a standard control group (SC). The primary outcome was a change in dressing immediately postoperatively due to pericatheter blood oozing. Secondary outcomes were the number of dressings, total dressings per catheter day, and composite outcome of catheter failure within 3 days. Both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were performed. Seven patients violated the protocol (three TA patients and four SC patients).Results: Regarding the primary outcome, the SC group exhibited a significantly increased incidence of dressing change immediately postoperatively due to pericatheter leakage compared with the TA group in both the intention-to-treat analysis (5.33% vs 18.67%, RR 0.25 [95% CI 0.08 to 0.79], P = 0.012) and the per-protocol analysis (5.56% vs 16.90%, RR 0.289 [95% CI 0.09 to 0.95], P = 0.031). No significant differences were noted in the number of dressings, total dressings per catheter day, or composite outcome of catheter failure within 3 days between the two groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust baseline characteristics that were different in the per-protocol analysis. The results showed that the risk ratio of immediate postoperative dressing change in TA patients was 0.25 compared to the SC group ([95% CI 0.07 to 0.87], P = 0.029) in the per-protocol analysis.Conclusion: The use of a topical tissue adhesive can reduce the incidence of immediate postoperative pericatheter blood oozing.Trial registration: TCTR20180608004, retrospectively registered on June 06, 2018. http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/index.php?tp=regtrials&menu=trialsearch&smenu=fulltext&task=search&task2=view1&id=3610
Pilot Randomised Evaluation of Singing in Dementia (PRESIDE): protocol for a two-arm, parallel group randomised controlled feasibility study with waiting-list control
Authors: Dowson Becky , Schneider Justine , Guo Boliang , Bath Philip M , McDermott Orii , Haywood Lee J , Orrell Martin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background As the number of people living with dementia grows, so does the need to provide them with adequate psychosocial support. Many people with dementia live at home with family carers, who also require social and emotional support to cope with their role. Community group singing has received attention for its potential to support people with dementia and their carers. It is postulated that singing can improve cognitive function, strengthen the bonds between care partners, and help to establish social support networks. However, there is a lack of rigorous evidence of singing’s benefits for this population. This study aims to test the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial of community singing in dementia, to pave the way for a larger, conclusive study. Methods The PRESIDE study is designed as a two-arm, parallel group randomised trial with a waiting list control. Dyads consisting of a person with dementia (n=80) and their carer (n=80) will be recruited. Each dyad will be randomised either to attend 10 weeks of community group singing sessions straight away, or to wait for three months before attending the sessions. The singing sessions will be led by experienced professional musicians and will last about 90 minutes, including time for socialising. The primary outcome of this study is the attainment of feasibility criteria around recruitment, retention and the acceptability of the waiting list control. Secondary outcomes include the quality of life, mood, cognition, and musical engagement of the person with dementia, and quality of life, mood, and experiences/challenges of the carer. These data will be collected during home visits at baseline, and three and six months post-baseline. Discussion Despite growing public interest in the positive effects of singing, and encouraging findings from qualitative and non-randomised quantitative studies, there is a lack of rigorous evidence. This is the first randomised controlled trial of community group singing for people with dementia in Europe, to our knowledge. If the results favour a full trial, conclusively demonstrating the effectiveness of group singing could positively affect the opportunities available to community-dwelling people with dementia and their carers.
Intimate partner violence during pregnancy and neonatal mortality in Eastern Ethiopia: A population based matched case-control study
Authors: Ashenafi Wondimye , Mengistie Bezatu , Egata Gudina , Berhane Yemane 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Intimate partner physical, sexual and psychological abuses and controlling behaviors against pregnant women are common in low-income settings. In Ethiopia, different forms of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy is highly prevalent and neonatal mortality has been one of the health indicators that did not show significant improvement in the country despite a significant reduction in under-five mortality. We aimed to examine whether exposure to different forms of IPV during pregnancy is associated with neonatal mortality.Methods: A population based matched case–control study was conducted from January to October 2018 in Eastern Ethiopia. A sample of 103 cases (biological mothers of deceased neonates) and 412 controls (biological mothers of survived neonates) were included in the study. The cases and controls were matched for date of birth, sex of the newborn and place of residences. Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to assess association between IPV during pregnancy and neonatal mortality, controlling for selected potential confounders.Results: After controlling for potential confounding factors (pregnancy and obstetric as well socio-demographic characteristics) sexual violence during pregnancy [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =3.20: 95% CI: 1.09-9.33] and husband/partner controlling behavior (AOR=2.42: 95% CI: 1.06-5.51) were found to be significantly associated with neonatal mortality. Psychological and physical violence during pregnancy did not show significant associations with the neonatal mortality.Conclusion: Neonatal mortality is strongly associated with intimate partner sexual violence and controlling behaviors during pregnancy. Involving men in maternal health programs is imperative to address issues of violence in pregnancy and promote maternal well being and child health.