bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bleeding Complications Associated With the Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Yoo Seon Woo , Kim Deok Kyu , Ki Min-jong , Kim Dal , Kim Seul Ki , Lee Heung Bum 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS) is an artificial liver support system that supports excretory liver function in patients with liver failure and is used as bridge therapy for patients waiting for liver transplantation. However, MARS may increase the tendency for bleeding. The objective of this study was to determine how MARS affects coagulopathy and identify specific factors associated with bleeding complications. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 15 patients undergoing a total of 36 MARS sessions. Complete blood count, coagulation profiles, and blood chemistry values were compared before and after MARS. To identify pre-MARS factors associated with increased bleeding after MARS, we divided patients into bleeder and non-bleeder groups and compared their pre-MARS laboratory values. Results: MARS significantly reduced bilirubin and creatinine levels. MARS also increased prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time and reduced fibrinogen, thus negatively impacting coagulation. Seven patients had bleeding complications and were classified into the bleeder group. Pre MARS hemoglobin was significantly lower in the bleeder group (8.3 mg/dl) than in the non bleeder group (10.0 mg/dl, P=0.014). When comparing the upper and lower 25 % of MARS sessions based on the hemoglobin reduction rate, hemoglobin reduction was significantly greater in MARS sessions involving patients with low pre MARS hemoglobin and factor V (P=0.008 and P=0.032, respectively). Conclusions: MARS appears to alter coagulation related factors and increase the risk of bleeding complications. However, individual differences among patients were large, and various factors, such as low hemoglobin and factor V levels, appear to be involved.
Low Molecular Weight Heparin Protects Lung, Renal and Microcirculation Function&nbsp;in Patients with Covid-19 Pneumonia
Authors: Ma Li , Zeng Yigang , Zhao Bing , Xu LiLi , Li Jian , Zhu Tongyu , Mao Enqiang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) remains a serious health threat worldwide. It is crucial to explore effective treatment measures that reduce mortality. Our aim was to investigate whether low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) can reduce organ injury in patients with Covid-19 pneumonia.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. We initiated a LMWH protocol from January 18th 2020. LMWH was injected subcutaneously at 4100U per day until the D-dimer(DD) level returned to normal, or 5-7 days after admission, whichever occurred first. Admitted patients who received LMWH between January 18th and February 17th 2020 were assigned to the LMWH group. Patients admitted between January 18th and February 17th who did not receive LMWH anticoagulant therapy were the control group. All patients in both groups were aged >18 years, were not pregnant, had no tumors and were in accordance with the following inclusion criteria: 1) DD increased on admission; 2) Body mass index(BMI) >30; 3) History of diabetes. The exclusion criteria were: 1) Platelets <30x109/L or fibrinogen <150 mg/dL; 2) Pregnancy and lactation; 3) Presence of blood system diseases; 4) Immunosuppression; 5) Diseases with a potential risk of bleeding; 6) Receiving anticoagulant drugs or antiplatelet drugs during treatment. General clinical information, indicators for renal function, arterial blood gas analyses and blood lactic acid content were recorded in the two groups 0 (Day 0), 3 (Day 3), 7 (Day 7), and 11 (Day 11) and 15 (Day 15) days after admission.ResultsThere were 48 patients in the LMWH group and 74 patients in the control group. General information, including age, gender, co-existing diseases and onset-to-admission time in both groups was similar. Compared to the control group, LMWH treatment improved the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reduced the serum creatinine level (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN)，arterial blood carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) and arterial blood lactic acid content. However, LMWH treatment reduced arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2).ConclusionLMWH might be beneficial to improve renal function, CO2 discharge and microcirculation during the early phase of Covid-19 patients . Further randomized controlled trials(RCTs) are warranted in order to further investigate this issue.Trial registrationChiCTR, ChiCTR2000034796. Registered 19 July 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http:// www. chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx.
Improved Access in Minimally Invasive Temporomandibular Joint Surgery via a Novel Endaural Template
Authors: Krause Matthias , Kamal Mohammad , Kruber Daniel , Halama Dirk , Hierl Thomas , Lethaus Bernd , Bartella Alexander K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background:Digitally designed surgical templates for minimally invasive temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery (MITMJS) are a promising tool for improving the safety in these procedures. Given the anatomy of the TMJ, the fitting of the template and intraoperative overview are the most important issues to conduct the surgery safely. This article describes an endaural surgical template based on the Moses approach as a possible solution.Methods:Three patients with internal derangement were treated with guidance of a MITMJS- template based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and a surface imprint of the periauraural region. None of the patients needed an additional open surgical procedure. Fitting of the templates was judged in terms of position and rotational stability. Surgical side effects and complications were recorded for each patient.Results:The template design and clinical use performed the MITMJS satisfactory. The templates showed satisfying fit and good visibility. In the study cohort, no bleeding, facial nerve injury, or other complications occurred after the procedure, and no visible scars were noted postoperatively.Conclusion:Our feasibility report on template-guided MITMJS shows a promising new application of templates. It points an improved access in arthroscopy or arthrocentesis of TMJ- surgery via an endaural access with increased level of safety during surgery.
Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies heterogeneous cell subtypes within gingival tissue
Authors: Qian Shujiao , Huang Qianru , Shi Junyu , Zhou Linyi , Zhao Yi , Li Bin , Lai Hongchang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Owing to the high prevalence of periodontitis and its impact on quality of life, a rigorous characterization of periodontal tissue is necessary. However, this has previously been impeded by the cellular heterogeneity of periodontal tissue. Here, we characterized the gene expression of gingival tissue in health and periodontitis at single-cell resolution. We reported the loss of epithelial homeostasis-associated genes expressed by specific epithelial cell types in periodontitis. We detected endothelial cells highly associated with immune regulation and fibroblasts potentially involved in bone remodeling. We revealed the myeloid cells with diverse clusters dominated by pro-inflammatory phenotype. We further identified cell subtypes specifically expressing periodontitis related genes and highlighted the cell-cell communication alteration between conditions. This novel single-cell study generated a comprehensive catalog of cells types and interaction networks in the human gingiva for the first time, thus offering deeper insights into the biological foundation of periodontal homeostasis and diseases, which will be helpful in advancing periodontal diagnosis and therapy.
Serum Fatty Acid Binding protein 5 (FABP5) as a Potential Biomarker of Inflammation in Psoriasis.
Authors: Kozłowska Dorota , Myśliwiec Hanna , Harasim-Symbor Ewa , Milewska Anna Justyna , Chabowski Adrian , Flisiak Iwona 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease with cardiometabolic comorbidities. Fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is elevated in human psoriatic keratinocytes and could be potentially involved in systemic metabolic disturbances. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum FABP5 in psoriatic patients, to assess the relationship between FABP5 and the duration, severity of the disease, inflammatory and metabolic markers and influence of treatment with narrowband - ultraviolet B (NB-UVB). Methods: Seventy four patients with active plaque-type psoriasis and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Thirty patients were treated with NB-UVB. Patients were divided into subgroups based on their disease severity measured by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Body Mass Index (BMI). The serum concentrations of FABP5 were measured using commercially available Human FABP5 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay kit. Total serum fatty acids content and composition was measured by gas–liquid chromatography. Results: Serum FABP5 levels in psoriatic patients (both obese and non-obese) were higher versus control group (P <0.001). FABP5 in patients with PASI >20 was higher compared to the mild group (PASI <10) (P <0.001) and serum FABP5 correlated positively with PASI score (r=0.41, P <0.001). There was also positive correlation between FABP5 and basic inflammation indices: C-reactive protein, white blood cell count and the platelet count. Decrease of PASI after NB-UVB treatment (P <0.001) was observed and accompanied by decrease of the serum FABP5 (P=0.007). Conclusion: FABP5 is a potential marker of psoriasis, its severity and clinical outcome after therapy with NB-UVB. FABP5 may reflect metabolic disturbances and might be the missing link between psoriasis and metabolic disturbances.
Morphological Characteristics of the Plantar Calcaneocuboid Ligaments
Authors: Edama Mutsuaki , Takabayashi Tomoya , Yokota Hirotake , Hirabayashi Ryo , Sekine Chie , kageyama Ikuo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to clarify the differences in morphological features based on differences in the shape and number of the long plantar ligament (LPL) and the short plantar ligament (SPL).Methods: This investigation examined 50 legs from 25 Japanese cadavers. The LPL and SPL of each leg were classified into one of three types based on the shape and number of fiber bundles. Then, fiber bundle length, fiber bundle width, and fiber bundle thickness were measured.Results: The LPL was rectangular in shape (Type I) in 12%, hourglass shape (Type II) in 62%, and triangular in shape (Type III) in 26%. The SPL was a single fiber bundle (Type I-a) in 26%, a surface fiber bundle and a deep fiber bundle (Type I-b) in 60%, and a surface fiber bundle (medial and lateral) and a deep fiber bundle (Type II) in 14%. Regarding the morphological characteristics, there were no significant differences among the types in the LPL, but there were differences between types and between surface and deep fiber bundles in the SPL.Conclusions: For the LPL, the hourglass shape is the most common type. However, there appeared to be no functional difference due to the difference in the shape of the LPL, since there were no significant differences among the types in the LPL. For the SPL, there were types of single, double and triple fiber bundles; there may be functional differences based on the number of fiber bundles and between superficial and deep fibers.
Two-dimensional hole gas in organic semiconductors
Authors: Kasuya Naotaka , Tsurumi Junto , Okamoto Toshihiro , Watanabe Shun , Takeya Jun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A highly conductive metallic gas that is quantum mechanically confined at a solid-state interface is an ideal platform to explore nontrivial electronic states that are otherwise inaccessible in bulk materials. Although two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) has been realized in conventional semiconductor interfaces, examples of two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG), which is the counter analogue of 2DEG, are still limited. Here, we report the observation of a 2DHG in solution-processed organic semiconductors in conjunction with an electric double-layer using ionic liquids. A molecularly flat single crystal of high mobility organic semiconductors serves as a defect-free interface that facilitates two-dimensional confinement of high-density holes. Remarkably low sheet resistance of 6 kΩ and high hole gas density of 1014 cm14 result in a metal-insulator transition at ambient pressure. The measured degenerated holes in the organic semiconductors provide a broad opportunity to tailor low-dimensional electronic states using molecularly engineered heterointerfaces.
New Criteria for Selecting Reliable Thellier-Thellier type Paleointensity Results from the 1960 Kilauea Lava Flow, Hawaii
Authors: JEONG Doohee , Liu Qingsong , YAMAMOTO Yuhji , YU Yongjae , ZHAO Xiang , QIN Huafeng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Thellier-Thellier type paleointensity experiments associated with partial thermal remanent magnetization (pTRM) checks have been widely used to determine paleointensity values from volcanic and archaeological media. However, previous studies further revealed that a substantial portion of paleointensity results with positive checks for historical lavas largely fails to predict the known Earth’s field intensity values. To determine the fidelity of paleointesnity values, conventional Thellier-Thellier type paleointensity experiments have been performed from the Kilauea lava flows erupted in 1960. Our results show that positive pTRM checks range from 30.34±1.39 to 53.04±1.80 μT. This strongly indicates that positive pTRM checks can’t guarantee the fidelity of paleointensity results especially when the unblocking temperatures for the newly-formed magnetic particles are higher than the treated temperature. Thus, in this study, to check thermal alteration during heating, the temperature-dependent of hysteresis parameter measured at the room-temperature for the thermally-treated samples were also measured. Our new results show that almost all biased paleointensity values correspond to Bcr /Bc >3 and CI >~10%, which indicates strong effects of domain state and thermal alteration on the fidelity of paleointensity results. Our study provides a feasible criteria to further improve the fidelity of paleointensity estimations.
Profile of Health Care Workers in a Context of Instability: A Cross-sectional Study of Four Rural Health Zones in Eastern DR Congo (Lessons Learned)
Authors: Mushagalusa Charles , Kasongo Bertin , MAYERI Daniel Garhalangwanamuntu , Cikomola Aimé , Lwamushi Sammuel Makali , Ngaboyeka Amani , Chishagala Lili , Mwembo Albert , Mukalay Abdon , Bisimwa Ghislain Balaluka 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The crisis in human resources for health is observed worldwide, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: This study aims to describe the profile of staff working in rural health districts in a context of crisis.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from May 15, 2017 to May 30, 2019 on 1090 health care workers (HCW) exhaustively chosen from four health districts in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (Idjwi, Katana, Mulungu and Walungu). The choice of health districts was based on the crisis context. The health districts were categorized in stable, in transition and unstable. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data. The Chi2 test was used for comparison of proportions and the Kruskal-Wallis test for medians. As measures of association, we calculated the odds ratios (OR) along with their 95% confidence interval. The materiality threshold was set at 5%.Results: The age of all HCW median (Min-Max) was 46 (20-84) years and female was 32%. 96% of HCW do not receive a state salary ; 64% do not receive government allowance for risk. In the stable district HCW were=< 34 years old [OR = 2.0 (1.5-2, 6 ); p <0.001], the matriculated HCW [OR = 2.0 (1.5-2.7); p <0.0001], those who benefited from national and / or provincial recruitment [OR = 3.9 (2.9-5.4); p <0.001], those who benefit from continuous training [OR = 2.1 (1.5-2.7); p <0.001] and those who receive the local fee -for service[OR = 5.2 (1.9-14.7); p <0.001]. In the unstable district, men [OR = 1.7 (1.1-2.5); p = 0.009], HCW =< 4 years of seniority [OR = 2.3 (1.6-3.3), p <0.001] and lower level of education [OR = 2.1 (1.5-2.9)]; p <0.001]. The percent of HCW who has monthly income >= $ 151 is 21% in the stable zone, 9.2% in the intermediate zones and 0.9% in the unstable zone.Conclusion: DR Congo authorities should develop incentive mechanisms to motivate young and trained HCW to work in unstable and intermediate health districts by improving their living and working conditions.
Associated Factors of Maternal Satisfaction Towards Delivery Service among Mothers who Gave Birth at Jimma Medical Center , Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Woldasemayat Lalisa Ayele , Badada Gadisa Bekele , Negasa Melkamu Gelan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background and aim: Assurance of health care for all segments of the population with special attention given to women and children was one of the top priorities in Ethiopian health policy. Maternal and newborn deaths are heavily concentrated at the period of delivery and early postpartum. Thus, this study aimed to assess Associated Factors with maternal satisfaction towards delivery service among mothers who gave birth at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia.Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study using face to face interview was conducted in Jimma Medical Center from April 01 to May 30, 2019. A systematic sampling technique was used to select 217 study participants using a semi-structured administered questionnaire. Results: The maternal satisfaction level with the delivery services rendered at the hospital was 66.8%. Delivering mothers satisfaction was found to be associated with educational status (X2=85.4, p<0.001), parity (X2=19.2, p<0.001), distance from health facility (X2=13.5, p<0.001), Monthly income (X2=13.8, p<0.001), waiting time (X2=5.7, p<0.05), Cleanness of delivery area (X2=9.3, p<0.001).Conclusion: The magnitude of mothers satisfied with the delivery service was low compared to studies conducted in Ethiopia so far. Maternal educational status, parity, distance from the health facility, waiting time, and monthly income were associated with mothers' satisfaction with delivery service. Therefore, awareness creation should be given for the community for improving the quality of delivery service and further study should be done on the knowledge and skill of health care providers on delivery service.
Nomogram to Early Screen Multiparous Women for Preterm Birth in a Cohort Study
Authors: Traboulsi Mayssa , Talibi Zainab E. El Alaoui- , Boussaid Abdellatif 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Preterm Birth (PTB) can negatively affect the health of mothers as well as infants. Prediction of this gynecological complication remains difficult especially in Middle and Low-Income countries because of limited access to specific tests and data collection scarcity. Multiparous women in our study presented a higher PTB prevalence compared to nulliparous women. Methods: In a cohort study from Northern Lebanon of 1996 women, 922 were multiparous presenting a PTB prevalence of 8%. We analyzed the personal, demographic, and health indicators available for this group of women. We compared 4 modified logistic regression models (up-sampling, lasso penalized regression) to develop a nomogram that can screen for preterm in multi-parous women. The models were validated on a separate set of data.Results: The best PTB prediction of the Logistic regression model reached around 88%. This was obtained using a Logistic Regression Model trained on up-sampled datasets and LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) penalized. The regression coefficients of the 6 selected variables (Pre-hemorrhage, Social status, Residence, Age, BMI, and Weight gain) were used to create a nomogram to screen multiparous women for PTB risk. Conclusions: The nomogram based on readily available indicators for multiparous women reasonably predicted most of the at PTB risk women. This tool will allow physicians to screen women and run furthermore adequate additional tests leading to better medical surveillance that can reduce PTB incidence.
Role of the Global Fund in National HIV/AIDS Response in Myanmar: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Htun Zarni , Zhao Yingxi , Gilbert Hannah , Lu Chunling 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The Global Fund has been a major funding source for HIV/AIDS programs in Myanmar. In this qualitative study, we aim to understand the impact of Global Fund on national HIV/AIDS response in Myanmar during the era of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).Methods: We conducted individual in-depth interviews by recruiting key informants through systematic purposive sampling. The respondents were engaged in the national/subnational response to HIV/AIDS in Myanmar and worked for the United Nations agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and civil society. Interview questions were organized around the role of Global Fund in strengthening national response to HIV/AIDS in the six building blocks of the Myanmar’s health system. Transcripts from the key informants were synthesized into specific themes through a deductive approach.Results: We found that the Global Fund has provided substantial support to (1) finance the national HIV/AIDS response in Myanmar, and (2) strengthen leadership and governance at the central level through improving coordination and collaboration, including more stakeholders (e.g. civil society, NGOs) in decision making process, and catalyzing policy changes on scaling-up key interventions. Yet, its role remains limited in addressing new demands at the township level in terms of capacity building, staffing, and medical supply resulting from rapid scale-up of HIV interventions and decentralization of service delivery in the public sector. As a result, Myanmar continued facing challenges in reducing inequity of service delivery.Conclusion: The Global Fund and the government of Myanmar need to collaborate and explore how to fully utilize the donor’s support to strengthen Myanmar’s township health systems for providing universal coverage for HIV/AIDS.
A case study of the first pregnant women with COVID-19 in Bukavu,&nbsp;Eastern DR Congo.
Authors: BIRINDWA Etienne KAJIBWAMI , MULUMEODERHWA Guy MULINGANYA , NYAKIO Olivier , MBALE Guy-Quesney MATESO , MUSHAMUKA Serge ZIGABE , MATERANYA Jeanne MANINGO , KAHASHA Pierrot MULUMEODERHWA , BISIMWA Yvette KUJIRAKWINJA , KAMPARA Freddy MIRINDI , IRENGE Jules MONGANE , KIBALAMA Isaac BARHISHINDI , LUZADI Pierre KABUYA , MALEMBAKA Espoir BWENGE , MAYERI Daniel GARHALANGWA-NA-MUNTU , AKONKWA Marius BAGUMA , BALALUKA Ghislain BISIMWA 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Vertical transmission of covid-19 is possible; its risk factors are worth researching. The placental changes found in pregnant women have a definite impact on the foetus.Case presentation: We report a case of a 25-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 2 (2 alive children), with a history of two caesarean deliveries, who was infected by the SARS-Cov-2 during the last term of her pregnancy. She gave birth by caesarean after 34 weeks of gestation to a new-born baby also infected with SARS-Cov-2. The per-operative observations noted several eruptive lesions in the pelvis, bleeding on contact. Microscopic examination of the foetal appendages revealed thrombotic vasculopathy in the placenta and in the umbilical cord vessels.Conclusion: This case is one of the first documented cases of COVID-19 in pregnancy in sub-Saharan Africa. We strongly suggest obstetricians to carefully examine the aspect of the peritoneum, viscera and foetal appendages in affected pregnant women.