bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer behavior of bread and its influence on "Supply Chain Management" an innovative approach
Authors: De Oliveira Paulo Sergio Gonçalves , Araújo Jeremias , Kaperaviczus Alexandre Faro , Da Silva Luciano Ferreira , Bandero Fabio Airton 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The paper sought to describe factors contributing to the changes in the habits of consumers of processed bread since there was a tendency in the search for a whole-grain meal.
Design/methodology/approach: Aiming to achieve the study objective, and a survey was used, with a sample of 155 consumers of processed bread through a questionnaire. The quality of the model was measured by the KMO test, which reached a value of 0.888, which is considered very good.
Findings: The first solution presented a six-factor solution, which kept after Cronbach's Alpha analysis. The six factors named as product availability, nutritional quality, product development, information search, purchase decision based on product development, and willingness to pay.
Originality: The originality of the research is because it analyzes the consumer behavior of processed food, to capture the changes that are taking place in the market, to use the supply chain, allowing manufacturers to meet demands faster, through the use of innovations created by an supply chain integration.
Focus and contrastive topic in questions and answers, with particular reference to Turkish
Authors: Kamali Beste , Krifka Manfred 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMuch recent research has recognized the importance of focus and contrastive topic in assertions for discourse coherence. However, with few exceptions, it has been neglected that focus and contrastive topic also occur in questions, and have a similar role in establishing coherence. We propose a framework of dynamic interpretation based on the notion of Commitment Spaces that show that a uniform interpretation of focus and contrastive topic is possible. The algebraic representation format is rich enough so that a separate introduction of discourse trees is not necessary. The paper discusses these phenomena for Turkish, a language with an explicit focus marker for polar and alternative questions, which distinguishes focus from contrastive topic.
The γ-Protocadherins Regulate the Survival of GABAergic Interneurons during Developmental Cell Death
Authors: Carriere Candace H. , Wang Wendy Xueyi , Sing Anson D. , Fekete Adam , Jones Brian E. , Yee Yohan , Ellegood Jacob , Maganti Harinad , Awofala Lola , Marocha Julie , Aziz Amar , Wang Lu-Yang , Lerch Jason P. , Lefebvre Julie L. 
Published: October 2020

Inhibitory interneurons integrate into developing circuits in specific ratios and distributions. In the neocortex, inhibitory network formation occurs concurrently with the apoptotic elimination of a third of GABAergic interneurons. The cell surface molecules that select interneurons to survive or die are unknown. Here, we report that members of the clustered Protocadherins (cPCDHs) control GABAergic interneuron survival during developmentally-regulated cell death. Conditional deletion of the gene cluster encoding the γ-Protocadherins(Pcdhgs)from developing GABAergic neurons in mice of either sex causes a severe loss of inhibitory populations in multiple brain regions and results in neurologic deficits such as seizures. By focusing on the neocortex and the cerebellar cortex, we demonstrate that reductions of inhibitory interneurons result from elevated apoptosis during the critical postnatal period of programmed cell death (PCD). By contrast, cortical interneuron (cIN) populations are not affected by removal ofPcdhgsfrom pyramidal neurons or glial cells. Interneuron loss correlates with reduced AKT signaling inPcdhgmutant interneurons, and is rescued by genetic blockade of the pro-apoptotic factor BAX. Together, these findings identify the PCDHGs as pro-survival transmembrane proteins that select inhibitory interneurons for survival and modulate the extent of PCD. We propose that the PCDHGs contribute to the formation of balanced inhibitory networks by controlling the size of GABAergic interneuron populations in the developing brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTA pivotal step for establishing appropriate excitatory-inhibitory ratios is adjustment of neuronal populations by cell death. In the mouse neocortex, a third of GABAergic interneurons are eliminated by BAX-dependent apoptosis during the first postnatal week. Interneuron cell death is modulated by neural activity and pro-survival pathways but the cell-surface molecules that select interneurons for survival or death are unknown. We demonstrate that members of the cadherin superfamily, the clustered γ-Protocadherins (PCDHGs), regulate the survival of inhibitory interneurons and the balance of cell death. Deletion of thePcdhgsin mice causes inhibitory interneuron loss in the cortex and cerebellum, and leads to motor deficits and seizures. Our findings provide a molecular basis for controlling inhibitory interneuron population size during circuit formation.
The tRNA‐like small noncoding RNA mascRNA promotes global protein translation
Authors: Lu Xinping , Huang Jinliang , Wu Sipeng , Zheng Qian , Liu Peipei , Feng Huimin , Su Xiaoqing , Fu Haipeng , Xi Qiaoran , Wang Geng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractmascRNA is a small cytoplasmic RNA derived from the lncRNA MALAT1. After being processed by the tRNA processing enzymes RNase P and RNase Z, mascRNA undergoes CCA addition like tRNAs and folds into a tRNA‐like cloverleaf structure. While MALAT1 functions in multiple cellular processes, the role of mascRNA was largely unknown. Here, we show that mascRNA binds directly to the multi‐tRNA synthetase complex (MSC) component glutaminyl‐tRNA synthetase (QARS). mascRNA promotes global protein translation and cell proliferation by positively regulating QARS protein levels. Our results uncover a role of mascRNA that is independent of MALAT1, but could be part of the molecular mechanism of MALAT1's function in cancer, and provide a paradigm for understanding tRNA‐like structures in mammalian cells.
NEDD4L‐mediated Merlin ubiquitination facilitates Hippo pathway activation
Authors: Wei Yiju , Yee Patricia P , Liu Zhijun , Zhang Lei , Guo Hui , Zheng Haiyan , Anderson Benjamin , Gulley Melissa , Li Wei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe tumor suppressor Merlin/NF2, a key activator of the Hippo pathway in growth control, is regulated by phosphorylation. However, it is uncertain whether additional post‐translational modifications regulate Merlin. Here, we show that ubiquitination is required to activate Merlin in the Hippo pathway. Ubiquitinated Merlin is mostly conjugated by one or two ubiquitin molecules. Such modification is promoted by serine 518 dephosphorylation in response to Ca2+ signaling or cell detachment. Merlin ubiquitination is mediated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase, NEDD4L, which requires a scaffold protein, AMOTL1, to approach Merlin. Several NF2‐patient‐derived Merlin mutations disrupt its binding to AMOTL1 and its regulation by the AMOTL1‐NEDD4L apparatus. Lysine (K) 396 is the major ubiquitin conjugation residue. Disruption of Merlin ubiquitination by the K396R mutation or NEDD4L depletion diminishes its binding to Lats1 and inhibits Lats1 activation. These effects are also accompanied by loss of Merlin's anti‐mitogenic and tumor suppressive properties. Thus, we propose that dephosphorylation and ubiquitination compose an intramolecular relay to activate Merlin functions in activating the Hippo pathway during growth control.
El concepto de la muerte en la obra de José María Arguedas y su relación con lo Real Maravilloso
Authors: Santa Cruz Cabrera Reynaldo Óscar 
Published: October 2020

El artículo gira en torno a la visión de la muerte que propuso en su obra el narrador peruano José María Arguedas, desde el análisis del cuento “La agonía deRasu Ñiti” (1962) y a su relación con el enfoque de lo Real Maravilloso. La estructura del artículo consideró en primer lugar una contextualización sobre el concepto de la muerte desde la óptica de lo Real Maravilloso latinoamericano, para luego centrarse en la descripción de dicho aspecto, en el relato citado. Cabe resaltar en la interlínea, la intención de proponer al cuento en mención como un ejemplo representativo de la visión de la muerte en la narrativa de Arguedas. Finalmente, se concluye que “La agonía de Rasu Ñiti” presenta una serie de rasgos que emparentan a Arguedas con lo Real Maravilloso, gracias a la percepción de la muerte que exhibe.
Aerosolized Calfactant for Newborns With Respiratory Distress: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Cummings James J. , Gerday Erick , Minton Stephen , Katheria Anup , Albert George , Flores-Torres Jaime , Famuyide Mobolaji , Lampland Andrea , Guthrie Scott , Kuehn Devon , Weitkamp Jörn-Hendrik , Fort Prem , Abu Jawdeh Elie G. , Ryan Rita M. , Martin Gregory C. , Swanson Jonathan R. , Mulrooney Neil , Eyal Fabien , Gerstmann Dale , Kumar Praveen , Wilding Greg E. , Egan Edmund A. ,   AERO-02 STUDY INVESTIGATORS
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND:Exogenous surfactants to treat respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) are approved for tracheal instillation only; this requires intubation, often followed by positive pressure ventilation to promote distribution. Aerosol delivery offers a safer alternative, but clinical studies have had mixed results. We hypothesized that efficient aerosolization of a surfactant with low viscosity, early in the course of RDS, could reduce the need for intubation and instillation of liquid surfactant.METHODS:A prospective, multicenter, randomized, unblinded comparison trial of aerosolized calfactant (Infasurf) in newborns with signs of RDS that required noninvasive respiratory support. Calfactant was aerosolized by using a Solarys nebulizer modified with a pacifier adapter; 6 mL/kg (210 mg phospholipid/kg body weight) were delivered directly into the mouth. Infants in the aerosol group received up to 3 treatments, at least 4 hours apart. Infants in the control group received usual care, determined by providers. Infants were intubated and given instilled surfactant for persistent or worsening respiratory distress, at their providers’ discretion.RESULTS:Among 22 NICUs, 457 infants were enrolled; gestation 23 to 41 (median 33) weeks and birth weight 595 to 4802 (median 1960) grams. In total, 230 infants were randomly assigned to aerosol; 225 received 334 treatments, starting at a median of 5 hours. The rates of intubation for surfactant instillation were 26% in the aerosol group and 50% in the usual care group (P &lt; .0001). Respiratory outcomes up to 28 days of age were no different.CONCLUSIONS:In newborns with early, mild to moderate respiratory distress, aerosolized calfactant at a dose of 210 mg phospholipid/kg body weight reduced intubation and surfactant instillation by nearly one-half.
Epigenetics explained: a topic “primer” for the epilepsy community by the ILAE Genetics/Epigenetics Task Force
Authors: Kobow Katja , Reid Christopher A. , van Vliet Erwin A. , Becker Albert J. , Carvill Gemma L. , Goldman Alica M. , Hirose Shinichi , Lopes-Cendes Iscia , Khiari Hela Mrabet , Poduri Annapurna , Johnson Michael R. , Henshall David C. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTEpigenetics refers broadly to processes that influence medium to long‐term gene expression by changing the readability and accessibility of the genetic code. The Neurobiology Commission of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) recently convened a Task Force to explore and disseminate advances in epigenetics to better understand their role and intersection with genetics and the neurobiology of epilepsies and their co‐morbidities, and to accelerate translation of these findings into the development of better therapies. Here, we provide a topic primer on epigenetics, explaining the key processes and findings to date in experimental and human epilepsy. We review the growing list of genes with epigenetic functions that have been linked with epilepsy in humans. We consider potential practical applications, including using epigenetic signals as biomarkers for tissue‐ and biofluid‐based diagnostics and the prospects for developing epigenetic‐based treatments for epilepsy. We include a glossary of terms, FAQs and other supports to facilitate a broad understanding of the topic for the non‐expert. Last, we review the limitations, research gaps and the next challenges. In summary, epigenetic processes represent important mechanisms controlling the activity of genes, providing opportunities for insight into disease mechanisms, biomarkers and novel therapies for epilepsy.
СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ РЕПУТАЦИЯ РОССИЙСКОГО МАЛОГО БИЗНЕСА И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ЕГО РАЗВИТИЯ В ПОСТКОРОНАВИРУСНОМ МИРЕ
Authors: Чернов Кирилл Александрович 
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является социологическое изучение противоречивых аспектов формирования и развития социальной репутации малого бизнеса в современном российском обществе, а также особенностей и перспектив его развития в условиях непростых социально-экономических реалий, еще более осложнившихся в период пандемии коронавируса.
Методологическую базу исследования представляют идеи и теории, сложившиеся в границах социологической теории, позволяющей объяснить сложности становления социологии репутаций, а также противоречивые аспекты развития и восприятия бизнесдеятельности в России. В работе анализируется потенциал теоретических идей зарубежных исследователей (Т. Парсонса, П.-М. Шовена, М. Айзенеггера) и российских ученых (А. В. Овруцкого, Ф. В. Малахова и др.) в области изучения феномена репутации в современном обществе.
Результаты исследования. Сложный путь институционализации малого бизнеса в постсоветской России в условиях негативного отношения к бизнесу со стороны населения, сформировавшегося еще на этапе перехода к рыночным отношениям на рубеже ХХ–XXI вв., принес свои плоды к началу 2020 года. Отношение к малому бизнесу в России стало более лояльным, доверительным. Основой его положительной репутации в обществе, согласно данным социологических опросов, стала социальная полезность бизнес-деятельности. Однако сильный удар, нанесенный пандемией коронавируса, остро поставил перед оставшимися в малом бизнесе предприятиями вопрос выживания. Это может негативно сказаться на его социальной репутации ввиду значительного сокращения сектора малого бизнеса в экономической структуре общества и, следовательно, снижения его социальной полезности.
Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейшая социологическая рефлексия ситуации, в которой разворачивается деятельность малого бизнеса и экспертно-диагностический анализ перспективных сценариев его развития в посткоронавирусном мире.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ И ДИСТАНЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В УЧЕБНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ ВЫСШЕЙ ШКОЛЫ
Authors: Мирошниченко Александр Владимирович , Алексеенко Иван  Николаевич , Гаглоева Эвелина Николаевна 
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является анализ применения инновационных и дистанционных технологий в учебном процессе высшей школы в современных условиях системных преобразований.
Методологическая база исследования основополагается на теоритических посылах педагогической инноватики и практических методах инновационного и дистанционного обучения.
Результаты исследования. Написание этой статьи вызвано глубоким интересом к происходящим изменениям в сфере высшего образования и потребностью осмысления использования инновационных и дистанционных технологий в учебном процессе высшей школы. В статье представлены современные инновационные педагогические технологии, применяемые в учебном процессе высшей школы: технология обучения в сотрудничестве, технология проектов, технология проблемного обучения, технология компьютерного обучения, технология дистанционного обучения; кроме того, проводится компаративный анализ между традиционной технологией и личностно ориентированным обучением.
Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейшее исследование современного учебного процесса с использованием инновационных педагогических технологий наряду с традиционными, способствующими личностному и профессиональному росту студенческой молодежи.
СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕССА В ВЫСШЕМ УЧЕБНОМ ЗАВЕДЕНИИ
Authors: Руденко Анна Николаевна 
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является раскрытие основных стратегических особенностей внедрения цифровых образовательных технологий в учебный процесс вуза и параллельно проведение аналитической деятельности, раскрывающей степень влияния данных технологий на изменение социального взаимодействия между обучающимися и профессорско-преподавательским составом, в том числе в области результатов освоения первыми учебных материалов.
Методологическую базу исследования представляет опыт современных дата-инженеров в образовании, педагогических дизайнеров, педагогов Университета НТИ «20.35».
Результаты исследования. Система высшего образования, подкрепленная на постоянной основе электронной обратной связью от студентов в цифровой образовательной среде, имеет ряд преимущественных особенностей как для образовательной организации, так и для самих обучающихся. Это касается повышения интенсивности и вовлеченности студентов в процесс обучения, объективизации оценочной системы уровня знаний, умений и навыков, оптимизации затраченного времени и др. Разумеется, данная система не лишена недостатков, которые в первую очередь имеют отношение к технической организации цифрового пространства, непрерывному Интернет-соединению и пользовательскому опыту.
Перспективу исследования составляет дальнейшее социологическое исследование приобретаемого опыта образовательных организаций в поиске и внедрении новых инструментов цифровых образовательных технологий.
ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ В МЕДИАПРОСТРАНСТВЕ
Authors: Ларионов Валерий  Глебович , Шереметьева Елена Николаевна , Горшкова Лариса  Анатольевна 
Published: October 2020

Целью исследования является анализ особенностей инновационного менеджмента в медиапространстве. Мультимедийная среда приходит на замену традиционным СМИ, которые теряют свою актуальность на рынке информации. Глобальным инновационным процессом, протекающим в медиапространстве, является конвергенция.
Методологическую базу исследования представляют сравнительный анализ, контент-анализ, методы дедукции и моделирования как метод научного познания социально-экономических процессов. Исследование базируется на идеях одного из разработчиков теории медиаконвергенции Г. Дженкинса, на теоретических представлениях о медиаменеджменте А. В. Вырковского и многих других.
Результаты исследования. Раскрыты аспекты управления конвергентной редакцией СМИ, ее специфические особенности. Инновационный менеджмент в медиапространстве инициировал появление не только новых организационных структур СМИ, но и формирование новых методов подачи информации (инфотейнмент, финишинг, «беседка», глокализация, бильдизация). Показана роль инновационного менеджмента в формировании массовых информационных предпочтений, ценностей аудитории, новых методов подачи информации.
Перспективу исследования составляет формирование медиапространства и «новых медиа», отличительной чертой которых является интерактивность и использование передовых компьютерных технологий, направленных на превращение пассивных потребителей информации в активных, формирование новых организационных структур СМИ и управление ими.
Food Access in the Time of COVID-19: Reflections on the United States Food System During a Pandemic
Authors: Heuer Jacquelyn N. , Lehigh Gabrielle R. , Serrano Karen Díaz , Romero-Daza Nancy , Himmelgreen David 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted many disparities globally. In the United States, the pandemic has drawn attention to key social issues, including those related to the national food system. With unemployment rates rising exponentially, Americans have seen drastic changes within the grocery store, with limited supplies and increased prices resulting in higher levels of food insecurity. These changes mostly affect populations who may already be at an increased risk of contracting COVID-19 or may be financially unstable. While food banks are working tirelessly to assist individuals and families, there is an urgent need for systemic change to ensure that these vulnerable groups are protected, especially in the aftermath of the pandemic.
Structural changes in the Russian pharmaceutical market of anti-tb drugs
Authors: Usacheva Natalia E. , Novikov Vasiliy E. , Myakisheva Tatyana V. , Pavluchenkova Nadezhda A. , Trun Elena V. 
Published: October 2020

In Russia, the epidemic situation for tuberculosis has stabilized with a tendency to improvement, according to the dynamics of the main indicators for the disease. However, the problem of tuberculosis infection is still far from being resolved, which is largely due to the development of drug resistance of the infectious agent to the main anti-TB drugs.
The purpose of the study is to form macro-structures of the Russian market of anti-TB drugs for 2008 and 2018 and analyze the dynamics of their structural changes.
Materials and methods. The State registers of medicines of the Russian Federation for 2008 and 2018 were analyzed. Into account were taken following characteristics of the range: the number of registered anti-TB drugs, dosage forms, dosages, manufacturers, and the number of combined anti-TB drugs. The necessary data was obtained using the content analysis method. The results of the study allowed us to build macro-structures of the Russian market of anti-TB drugs and compare the indicators in the dynamics over 10 years.
Results. Over the past 10 years, about 500 anti-TB drugs have been registered and re-registered in the Russian Federation. The range of the selected segment was supplemented by the 3rd new series, which according to 2018 included 166 (30.0%) drugs, taking into account all dosage forms and dosages. The group of anti-TB drugs of the 2nd series in 2018 was the leader in the selected segment (52.2%) and there was a tendency for its growth. In the structure of the assortment of medicinal forms of anti-TB drugs, tablet drugs prevailed (43.5%). The production vector has shifted towards domestic manufacturers. The share of new drugs put into circulation in 2008-2018 was 37%. The nomenclature of the Russian anti-TB market corresponds to international recommendations and contains the main groups of drugs.
Conclusion. Analysis of the segment of anti-TB drugs in the domestic pharmaceutical market showed that the phthisiological service has a sufficient range of drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis infection, including those with drug resistance of the pathogen. This allows to personalize therapy based on the stage and severity of the disease, the functional characteristics of the patients body, and the sensitivity of the pathogen to chemotherapy.