bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral health-related quality of life and related factors among facial burn injury patients in Pakistan.
Authors: Chaudhary Farooq Ahmad , Ahmad Basaruddin , Bashir Ulfat , Sinor Mohd Zulkarnain 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: There is a limited understanding of the long-term effect of facial burn injury on oral health. This study was aimed to describe the oral health-related quality of life of patients with facial burn injury and determine the associated risk factors.Methods: Patients with facial burn who attended the Burn Care Center in Islamabad, Pakistan were systematically and randomly selected and invited to participate in this cross-sectional study. They underwent extra- and intra-oral examinations and, completed self-administered questionnaires. The severity of disfigurement and, caries (DMFT), periodontal (CPI) and oral hygiene (OHI-S) statuses were assessed. Validated Urdu language instruments were used to collect information on sociodemographic background, oral health behaviours, oral health-related quality of life (OHIP-14) and satisfaction with appearance (SWAP). Information relating to the time of burn injury event and, cause and severity (type, TBSA) of burn were obtained from medical records. The OHIP- 14 severity (add-score) and prevalence of impact measures were derived and analysed using simple and multiple linear regression.Results: A total of 271 patients had participated in the study. The OHIP-14 prevalence of impact was 94% mean the mean add-score 37 = unit (sd = 8.5). The domains with the greatest impact prevalence were the physical pain (87%), psychological disability (87%), social disability (85%) and physical discomfort (83%). Poor clinical oral health status – particularly dental caries, oral health behaviours, severe burn injury, psychological distress and time of burn event, were associated with poor oral health-related quality of life (p< 0.05).Conclusion: Poor oral conditions, particularly caries, and severity of burn injury are the main factors that affect the oral health-related quality of life in facial burn patients. Addressing issues related to oral health behaviours, especially dental visit, may reduce the impact.
Preliminary Validation of a Chinese Version of the Comprehensive Assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Processes
Authors: Chen Yue , Luo Houyuan , Wang Shujuan , Bai Xiaoyu , Zhu Zhuohong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Civil servants are bridges that connect the general public and the government in China. Because their mental health may influence the rise and fall of the country, it is important to study their mental health and living conditions. The Comprehensive Assessment of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Processes (CompACT) is a general measure of ACT processes and reflects individual psychological flexibility. We investigated the psychometric properties of CompACT in a non-clinical sample of civil servants. The Chinese CompACT demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.87) and reliability (Guttman split-half coefficient = 0.69). Confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the three-factor model. Our findings suggest that the Chinese version of the CompACT has acceptable psychometric properties and is a valid instrument for the assessment of psychological flexibility.
Acute presentation of papillary glioneuronal tumor due to intra-tumoral hemorrhage in a toddler: An odd presentation of a rare pathology
Authors: Tavallaii Amin , Keykhosravi Ehsan , Rezaee Hamid 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background and Importance: Papillary glioneuronal tumor is a recently known entity in central nervous system tumors. These benign WHO grade I tumors are mostly seen in young adults. Pediatric PGNT is rare and there is no report of these tumors in toddlers. Headache, nausea/vomiting and seizure are most common clinical symptoms. Acute presentation with focal neurological deficits or loss of consciousness are not amongst the expected presentations. These tumors are typically cystic with enhancing mural nodule. Although case with chronic intermittent microhemorrhages are reported in the literature but overt intra-tumoral hemorrhage is an odd radiological presentation with just one reported case in the literature.Clinical presentation: We present an extremely rare case of PGNT presenting with sudden onset hemiparesis and impaired consciousness due to acute intra-tumoral hemorrhage in a toddler which was surgically treated with favorable outcome.Conclusion: PGNTs can also be seen in very young children even in toddlers. Also, it should be kept in mind that these tumors have potential for overt intra-tumoral hemorrhage and acute presentation with focal neurological deficits mimicking more common pathologies which should be considered to plan optimal patient management.
The COVID-19 Pandemic: Model-Based Evaluation of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions and Prognoses
Authors: De Visscher Alex 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
An epidemiological model for COVID-19 was developed and implemented in MATLAB/GNU Octave for use by public health practitioners, policy makers and the general public. The model distinguishes four stages in the disease: infected, sick, seriously sick, and better. The model was preliminarily parameterized based on observations of the spread of the disease. The model assumes a case mortality rate of 1.5 %. Preliminary simulations with the model indicate that concepts such as “herd immunity” and “flattening the curve” are highly misleading in the context of this virus. Public policies based on these concepts are inadequate to protect the population. Only reducing the R0 of the virus below 1 is an effective strategy for maintaining the death burden of COVID-19 within the normal range of seasonal flu. The model is illustrated with the cases of Italy, France, and Iran, and is able to describe the number of deaths as a function of time in all these cases although future projections tend to slightly overestimate the number of deaths. The case mortality rate is still prone to large uncertainty, but modeling combined with an investigation of blood donations in The Netherlands imposes a lower limit of 1 %.
Network proteins of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 but not angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 itself are host cell receptors for SARS-Coronavirus-2 attachment
Authors: Kumar Arun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronaviruses causing severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) are known to enter the host cells by attaching to the membrane bound angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Using molecular docking the efficiency of interaction between SARS-CoV-2 surface proteins and ACE2 network proteins was assessed. Materials and Methods: The ACE2 protein network was identified using the STRING database. The reported SARS-CoV-2 target proteins were searched in the protein data bank and uniport database. The protein-protein interactions were assessed by molecular docking using the Chimera software. The PubChem database was searched for known inhibitors of host cell receptors interacting with SARS-CoV-2 surface proteins. Molecular docking was performed to evaluate the binding efficacy of these compounds against the SARS-CoV-2 targets using AutoDock Vina and the docked protein-ligand complex were visualised using the Chimera and PyMOL software. Results: A low binding affinity was observed between SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins (protein S, M and 6YLA) and ACE2. Coronaviruses are also reported to bind to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), which is a network protein of ACE2. Network analysis showed five membrane proteins associated with ACE2. The ACE2 network proteins were assessed for their binding affinity with all known SARS-CoV-2 surface proteins. The SARS-CoV-2 surface proteins showed preferential binding to network proteins such as DPP4 and Meprin A alpha but not ACE2. The binding efficacy (affinity (-5.86 to -7.10 Kcal/mol), Ki (6.32 – 22.04 mM) and IC50 (12.63 – 113.71 mM) values) of DPP4 inhibitors (saxagliptin and sitagliptin) against SARS-CoV-2 surface proteins, was observed to be at a therapeutically feasible concentration to prevent SARS-CoV-2 attachment and entry into host cells. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 surface proteins has better interactions with DPP4 and Meprin A alpha host cells receptors rather than ACE2. DPP4 inhibitors (saxagliptin and sitagliptin) by binding with SARS-CoV-2 surface proteins may be helpful in preventing the virus entry into the host cells.
Psychological distress and internet-related behaviors between schoolchildren with and without overweight during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Chen Chao-Ying , Chen I-Hua , O’Brien Kerry , Latner Janet D , Lin Chung-Ying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and its resulting social policy changes, may result in psychological distress among schoolchildren with overweight. This study thus aimed to (1) compare psychological distress (including fear of COVID-19 infection, stress, anxiety, and depression), perceived weight stigma, and problematic internet-related behaviors between schoolchildren with and without overweight; (2) assess whether perceived weight stigma and problematic internet-related behaviors explained psychological distress.Methods: Schoolchildren (n=1 357; mean age=10.7 years) with overweight (n=236) and without overweight (n=1 121) completed an online survey assessing their fear of COVID-19 infection, stress, anxiety, depression, perceived weight stigma, problematic smartphone application use, problematic social media use, and problematic gaming.Results: Schoolchildren with overweight had significantly higher levels of COVID-19 infection fear, stress, depression, perceived weight stigma, and problematic social media use than those without overweight. Regression models showed that perceived weight stigma and problematic internet-related behaviors were significant predictors of psychological distress among schoolchildren with overweight.Conclusion: Strategies to manage perceived weight stigma and problematic internet-related behaviors may have a positive influence on mental health among schoolchildren with overweight under health-threatening circumstances, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic.
Diagnosis of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Neither Chest CT nor RT-PCR Fits All
Authors: Teng Yue , Dai Hui , Shang Yalei , Xia Jianguo , Chen Yuehua , Tian Weizhong , Zhang Tao , Li Yonggang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundComputed tomography (CT) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) are the recommended tools for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between chest CT and RT-PCR while describing the atypical CT imaging features of COVID-19.MethodsIn this study, 418 patients in Jiangsu, China, clinically diagnosed with COVID-19 from January 10 to February 17, 2020, were included. Patients who fulfilled the following conditions were evaluated further: (1) Patients had positive RT-PCR and negative CT; (2) Patients had initial negative RT-PCR and positive CT, and follow-up PT-PCR tests were positive; (3) Patients had atypical CT findings.ResultsOf the 418 initial chest CT scans, 30 (7.2%) patients had normal CT presentation, and 6 (1.4%) patients had initial negative RT-PCR results and positive CT scans. Next, 10 (2.4%) cases of patients showed atypical CT findings, including 2 case of solid nodule, 4 cases of halo sign (solid nodule or mass surrounded by ground glass opacity), and 4 cases of predominant fibrous stripes.ConclusionsFalse-negative results can be found on both chest CT and RT-PCR; hence, the diagnosis of COVID-19 should consider both CT and RT-PCR. CT manifestations, such as solitary nodule, halo sign, and pulmonary fibrous stripes, might indicate the possibility of COVID-19 to the radiologists.
CROWDSOURCED CONSTITUTION COMO MEIO DE EXERCÍCIO DA DEMOCRACIA DIRETA
Authors: ARANTES Gustavo Henrique Silva 
Published: May 2020

O objetivo desse artigocientífico é demonstrar a inovação da democracia participativa, por meio da inserção do Crowdsourced Constitutuion na comunidade jurídica, o qual possibilita o novo meio alternativo de consulta à população, instrumento este que habilita a sociedade virtual decidir sobre os mais e variados temas que vem a ter relevância dentro da sociedade, por meio do “plebiscito virtual”. Tal tema será embasado no procedimento adotado pela Islândia.
Novel coronavirus infection
Authors: Veselova E. I. , Russkikh A. E. , Kaminskiy G. D. , Lovacheva O. V. , Samoylova A. G. , Vasilyeva I. A. 
Published: May 2020

The article presents the review of 59 publications describing the aspects of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and treatment of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus.The authors state that they have no conflict of interests.
Filosofía franciscana en Chile: dos principales exponentes
Authors: Caiceo Escudero Jaime 
Published: May 2020

La Orden Franciscana está presente en Chile desde 1553 y en este artículo se destacan dos principales filósofos: Alfonso Briceño Arias (1587-1668) y Eduardo Rosales Rojas (1906-1970). Al primero se le conoce como el Segundo Escoto, pues su pensamiento se inspira en el famoso beato inglés. El segundo se doctora en la Universidad Católica de Chile, en donde será académico de Teología Moral.
El objeto de este artículo es desarrollar el pensamiento filosófico de ambos pensadores franciscanos chilenos. Este trabajo es fruto de una investigación más amplia acerca de la Filosofía Franciscana. Para realizarla se ha recurrido a la metodología histórica -revisando fuentes primarias y secundarias- y al análisis filosófico de los escritos de los pensadores.
Next Day Legionella PCR: a highly reliable negative screen for Legionella in the built environment
Authors: Fisher Katherine E. , Wickenberg Leah P. , Leonidas Lesley F. , Ranz Anna A. , Habib Michelle A. , Buford Rafael M. , McCoy William F. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The opportunistic, waterborne pathogen Legionella caused 9,933 cases of Legionnaires' disease in 2018 in the United States (CDC.gov). The incidence of Legionnaires' disease can be reduced by maintaining clean building water systems through water management programs (WMPs). WMPs often include validation testing to confirm the control of bacteria, but the traditional culture method for enumerating Legionella requires 10–14 days to obtain results. A rapid DNA extraction developed by Phigenics and a real-time PCR negative screen for the genus Legionella provided results the day after sampling. This study evaluated the Next Day Legionella PCR (Phigenics, LLC) compared with the traditional culture method (ISO 11731) on 11,125 building water samples for approximately 1 year. Two DNA extraction methods (Methods 1 and 2) were compared. The negative predictive value (NPV) of the Next Day Legionella PCR in comparison to traditional culture for Method 1 was 99.95%, 99.92%, 99.85%, and 99.17% at &gt;10, &gt;2, &gt;1, and &gt;0.1 CFU/ml limits of detection, respectively. The improved DNA extraction (Method 2) increased the NPV to 100% and 99.88% at &gt;1 and &gt;0.1 CFU/ml, respectively. These results demonstrate the reliability of the genus-level Legionella PCR negative screen to predict culture-negative water samples.
An effective measure for evaluating sewer condition: UAV screening in comparison with CCTVS and manhole cameras
Authors: Inagaki Yusuke , Ikeda Hiroshi , Takeuchi Patrik Ken , Yato Yoshihiko , Sawai Takayuki 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Most of the water/sewer pipes in Japan were constructed after the high economic growth that occurred in the 1970s. Those pipes are now aging, and the water business is shifting from construction to rehabilitation. NJS, as a consulting company in Japan, has had to shift focus to reflect the increasing need for rehabilitation in the water sector and the limited budget available. Doing business efficiently and better managing water assets has become a critical part of the business. NJS has been searching for a way to inspect sewer pipes efficiently, not just a few times in a service life but in increased frequency – in the range of every year or two. During this process, a focus on UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) was considered beneficial. However, one that could stably fly through a confined space, such as a sewer, did not yet exist. Hence, NJS decided to develop a UAV for this purpose in cooperation with a partner company. To evaluate the performance of the UAV, the NJS team has inspected an actual sewer section, in cooperation with Yokosuka city, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan. The result shows that the UAV is capable of inspecting more than 1,000 m a day without personnel needing to enter a manhole. The team has also inspected the same section by CCTV and manhole camera to compare the inspection speed, operator's safety and the reliability of data. From the obtained result, it can be said that UAV is an effective screening method to efficiently conduct CCTV inspection; in other words, to prioritize the sections that need a detailed inspection.
Application of SWMM 5.1 in flood simulation of sponge airport facilities
Authors: Peng Jing , Yu Lei , Cui Yanyu , Yuan Ximin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Construction of an airport runway makes the impervious area of the airport high, which leads to the deterioration of the water environment and frequent waterlogging disasters. The selection of sponge airport facilities (e.g., pump, multi-functional storage tanks, green roof) to mitigate airport ﬂooding has been a crucial issue in China. This study aims to develop a conceptual rainwater-runoff simulation model, which can take into account the effects of such facilities of a sponge airport. Taking catchment N1 of Beijing Daxing Airport as a case study, SWMM 5.1 was implemented to develop three sponge airport models (one pump, two pumps, combination of pump and multi-functional storage tanks). A sensitivity analysis was carried out to guarantee the robustness of the developed models. A 1-hour rainfall scenario with a 5-year return period was employed on the three sponge airport models. The results showed that the effect rankings of the control strategies on the water depth, volume and peak inﬂow of catchment N1 were comparable – combined strategies (combination of pump and multi-functional storage tanks) &gt; one pump and two pumps. The conceptual and hydrological models developed in this study can serve as a simulation tool for implementing a real-time rainwater drainage control system in Beijing Daxing Airport.
Modified Cuckoo Search Algorithm using a New Selection Scheme for Unconstrained Optimization Problems
Authors: Shehab Mohammad , Khader Ahamad Tajudin 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) was introduced by Yang and Deb in
2009. It considers as one of the most successful in various fields compared with the metaheuristic
algorithms. However, random selection is used in the original CSA which means there is no high
chance for the best solution to select, also, losing the diversity.

Methods:
In this paper, the Modified Cuckoo Search Algorithm (MCSA) is proposed to enhance
the performance of CSA for unconstrained optimization problems. MCSA is focused on the default
selection scheme of CSA (i.e. random selection) which is replaced with tournament selection. So,
MCSA will increase the probability of better results and avoid the premature convergence. A set of
benchmark functions is used to evaluate the performance of MCSA.

Results:
The experimental results showed that the performance of MCSA outperformed standard
CSA and the existing literature methods.

Conclusion:
The MCSA provides the diversity by using the tournament selection scheme because
it gives the opportunity to all solutions to participate in the selection process.
Intradialytic Hypotension and Cardiac Arrhythmias in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Mc Causland Finnian R. , Tumlin Jim A. , Roy-Chaudhury Prabir , Koplan Bruce A. , Costea Alexandru I. , Kher Vijay , Williamson Don , Pokhariyal Saurabh , Charytan David M. ,   on behalf of the MiD Investigators and Committees*
Published: May 2020

Background and objectives
Patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD) have a high incidence of cardiac events, including arrhythmia and sudden death. Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a common complication of HD and is associated with development of reduced myocardial perfusion, a potential risk factor for arrhythmia.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We analyzed data from the Monitoring in Dialysis study, which used implantable loop recorders to detect and continuously monitor electrocardiographic data from patients on maintenance HD (n=66 from the United States and India) over a 6-month period (n=4720 sessions). Negative binomial mixed effects regression was used to test the association of IDH20 (decline in systolic BP >20 mm Hg from predialysis systolic BP) and IDH0–20 (decline in systolic BP 0–20 mm Hg from predialysis systolic BP) with clinically significant arrhythmia (bradycardia≤40 bpm for ≥6 seconds, asystole≥3 seconds, ventricular tachycardia ≥130 bpm for ≥30 seconds, or patient-marked events) during HD.

Results
The median age of participants was 58 (25th–75th percentile, 49–66) years; 70% were male; and 65% were from the United States. IDH occurred in 2251 (48%) of the 4720 HD sessions analyzed, whereas IDH0–20 occurred during 1773 sessions (38%). The number of sessions complicated by least one intradialytic clinically significant arrhythmia was 27 (1.2%) where IDH20 occurred and 15 (0.8%) where IDH0–20 occurred. Participants who experienced IDH20 (versus not) had a nine-fold greater rate of developing an intradialytic clinically significant arrhythmia (incidence rate ratio, 9.4; 95% confidence interval, 3.0 to 29.4), whereas IDH0–20 was associated with a seven-fold higher rate (incidence rate ratio, 7.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.1 to 25.4).

Conclusions
IDH is common in patients on maintenance HD and is associated with a greater risk of developing intradialytic clinically significant arrhythmia.