bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of theELEVATEProgram for Couples: Considering Vulnerabilities and Relationship Length
Authors: McGill Julianne , Adler‐Baeder Francesca , Garneau‐Rosner Chelsea 
Published: October 2020

ObjectivesThis study investigates the effects of a new research‐informed couple relationship education (CRE) curriculum, ELEVATE, in a diverse sample of 300 adults.MethodsUsing a quasi‐experimental design and propensity score adjustments, change trajectories were compared over a 6‐month period with multilevel growth‐curve modeling. Variations in outcomes based on income, family harmony, and relationship length were also explored.ResultsResults indicate sustained program effects of ELEVATE over 6 months in four of the nine target outcomes (intimate knowledge of partner, social connections, conflict management skills, and couple relationship quality). Participants experiencing more stressful family contexts at baseline experience a greater amount of change in intentionality, developing a couple identity, use of caring behaviors, relationship quality, and depressive symptoms. Participants in more established relationships experienced greater change in conflict management skills and relationship quality. Participants with higher levels of income experienced greater change in developing a couple identity and social connections.ConclusionThese findings evidence several positive program effects for the ELEVATE program for a broad group of participants and also reveal some distinctions in change patterns for subgroups.ImplicationsThis research provides information relevant to the development of best practices for CRE in diverse communities.
The structural basis for signal promiscuity in a bacterial chemoreceptor
Authors: Gavira José Antonio , Matilla Miguel A. , Fernández Matilde , Krell Tino 
Published: October 2020

Signalling through chemosensory pathways is typically initiated by the binding of signal molecules to the chemoreceptor ligand binding domain (LBD). The PcaY_PP chemoreceptor from Pseudomonas putida KT2440 is characterized by an unusually broad signal range, and minimal requisites for signal binding are the presence of a C6‐membered ring and that of a carboxyl group. Previous studies have shown that only some of the multiple signals recognized by this chemoreceptor are of apparent metabolic value. We report here high‐resolution structures of PcaY_PP‐LBD in the absence and presence of four cognate chemoeffectors and glycerol. The domain formed a four‐helix bundle (4HB), and both ligand binding sites of the dimer were occupied with the high‐affinity ligands protocatechuate and quinate, whereas the lower‐affinity ligands benzoate and salicylate were present in only one site. Ligand binding was verified by microcalorimetric titration of site‐directed mutants revealing important roles of an arginine and number of polar residues that establish an extensive hydrogen bonding network with bound ligands. The comparison of the apo and holo structures did not provide evidence for this receptor employing a transmembrane signalling mechanism that involves piston‐like shifts of the final helix. Instead, ligand binding caused rigid‐body scissoring movements of both monomers of the dimer. Comparisons with the 4HB domains of the Tar and Tsr chemoreceptors revealed significant structural differences. Importantly, the ligand binding site in PcaY_PP‐LBD is approximately 8 Å removed from that of the Tar and Tsr receptors. Data indicate a significant amount of structural and functional diversity among 4HB domains.DatabasesThe coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the protein data band with the following IDs: 6S1A (apo form), 6S18 (bound glycerol), 6S33 (bound protocatechuate), 6S38 (bound quinate), 6S3B (bound benzoate) and 6S37 (bound salicylate).
Real‐world efficacy and safety of 12‐week sofosbuvir/velpatasvir treatment for patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis caused by hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Takaoka Yoshinari , Miura Kouichi , Morimoto Naoki , Ikegami Tadashi , Kakizaki Satoru , Sato Ken , Ueno Takashi , Naganuma Atsushi , Kosone Takashi , Arai Hirotaka , Hatanaka Takeshi , Tahara Toshiyuki , Tano Shigeo , Ohtake Takaaki , Murohisa Toshimitsu , Namikawa Masashi , Asano Takeharu , Kamoshida Toshiro , Horiuchi Katsuhiko , Nihei Takeshi , Soeda Atsuko , Kurata Hidekazu , Fujieda Takeshi , Ohtake Toshiya , Fukaya Yukimura , Iijima Makoto , Watanabe Shunji , Isoda Norio , Yamamoto Hironori ,   Liver Investigators in the Northern Kanto Study (LINKS) group
Published: October 2020

AimThis study aimed to evaluate the real‐world efficacy and safety of 12‐week sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) treatment for patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.MethodsA total 72 of patients with Child–Pugh (CP) class B or C were enrolled. We evaluated the sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12), adverse events (AEs), and changes in the liver function.ResultsAll participants had genotype 1 or 2 HCV infection. At baseline, the numbers of patients with CP class B and C were 59 and 13, respectively. The overall SVR12 rate was 95.8% (69/72); 94.9% (56/59) in CP class B and 100% (13/13) in CP class C. The serum albumin level, prothrombin time and ascites were significantly improved (P < 0.01); however, the serum bilirubin level and encephalopathy did not improve. Among patients who achieved SVR12, 75.0% showed an improvement in their CP score, while 5.9% showed a worsening. The presence of large portosystemic shunt (diameter ≥6 mm) and hyperbilirubinemia (≥2.0 mg/dL) were independent factors that interfered with the improvement in the CP score (P < 0.05). The most common AEs were encephalopathy (15.3%) and skin symptoms (7.9%). Two patients discontinued SOF/VEL due to AEs.ConclusionsTreatment with SOF/VEL for 12 weeks was relatively safe and effective for patients with decompensated cirrhosis. An SVR provided an improvement of the liver function in the majority of patients. However, large portosystemic shunt and hyperbilirubinemia were independent factors that interfered with the improvement in the CP score.
Freedom of expression and the palladium of British liberties, 1650–2000: A review essay
Authors: Shaw Caroline 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLondon has a reputation for being the “libel capital of the world.” Seemingly arcane defamation laws continue to constrain free speech. At the same time, Britain has long been celebrated as a pioneer of freedom, being one of the first to eliminate censorship and enshrine the liberty of the press. This article surveys the extensive literature on freedom of speech, newspapers, and censorship from the late‐17th century through the 20th. By drawing this scholarship together, the author emphasizes long‐standing continuities in debates over freedom of speech, freedom of expression, and the place of defamation law in determining the limits of these dearly held liberties. It is in this context that the notorious libel laws begin to look less obscure and, indeed, more central to negotiations over civil liberty since the 18th century. When examined in this light, Britain looks far less exceptional; its struggles over the boundaries of free speech are at the core of public debates across the globe.
Field margin floral enhancements increase pollinator diversity at the field edge but show no consistent spillover into the crop field: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Zamorano Jorge , Bartomeus Ignasi , Grez Audrey A. , Garibaldi Lucas Alejandro 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Conventional intensification of agriculture has reduced the availability of resources for pollinators, reducing their diversity and affecting plant pollination, both in natural habitats and croplands. Field margin floral enhancements such as flower strips or restored field margins could counteract these negative effects.
The approaches to assess the success of these management measures generally evaluate separately the pollinator response at the edge and within the crop, as proxies for pollinator conservation and pollination services, respectively.
We performed a meta‐analysis to understand the influence of field margin floral enhancements on the abundance and richness of pollinators at the edge and within the field, and on crop yield.
We estimated 137 effect sizes from 40 studies, all from the northern hemisphere. Overall, the field margin floral enhancements increased the abundance and richness of pollinators at the field edge but had no consistent effect in the interior of the crop fields. Few studies evaluated crop yield, and in these studies no effects were observed.
These results suggest that field margin floral enhancements can constitute a positive conservation action for pollinators but not necessarily associated with pollination ecosystem service.
REDUCING INEQUALITIES AMONG UNEQUALS
Authors: Faure Mathieu , Gravel Nicolas 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article establishes an equivalence between four incomplete rankings of distributions of income among agents who are vertically differentiated with respect to some nonincome characteristic (health, household size, etc.). The first ranking is the possibility of going from one distribution to the other by a finite sequence of income transfers from richer and more highly ranked agents to poorer and less highly ranked ones. The second ranking is the unanimity among utilitarian planners who assume that agents' marginal utility of income is decreasing with respect to both income and the source of vertical differentiation. The third ranking is the Bourguignon (Journal of Econometrics, 42 (1989), 67–80) Ordered Poverty Gap dominance criterion. The fourth ranking is a new dominance criterion based on cumulative lowest incomes.
A meta‐analysis of change in applicants' perceptions of fairness
Authors: Konradt Udo , Oldeweme Martina , Krys Sabrina , Otte Kai‐Philip 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUsing an event‐triggered multi‐stage framework, this random‐effects meta‐analysis examined the changes in applicants' perceptions of fairness between consecutive stages and throughout the entire personnel selection process. We integrated findings of studies with at least two measurement points, resulting in 45 effect sizes (overall N = 3,038). Trajectories of perceptions of fairness decreased nonlinearly across the process, with a steeper decrease for people who held high levels of initial fairness expectations. Unjust treatment produced a decrease in perceptions of fairness from pretest to posttest and an increase from posttest to postdecision. Furthermore, the length of the time interval moderated the changes in fairness perceptions between the posttest and postdecision stage. Practical implications and an agenda for future research are discussed.
Recognition of Prior Learning for Highly Skilled Refugees’ Labour Market Integration
Authors: Andersson Per 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the integration of highly skilled refugees, recognition of their prior learning is a key factor. One concern is the object of the recognition process, the formal and the actual competence of the individual. Another concern is the subject of the process, the refugee. Starting from the individual and her/his experience and competence entails a different process and results than starting from professional regulations and labour market needs. A final concern is the process of recognition. Recognition processes could be seen solely as a matter of classification and assessment, but this misses that fact that the recognition process also means a learning process for the individual. This article discusses problems and opportunities relating to the recognition of prior learning targeting highly skilled refugees in relationship with these three concerns of object, subject and process of recognition.
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers and prognosis of hypertensive patients hospitalised with COVID‐19
Authors: Covino Marcello , De Matteis Giuseppe , Burzo Maria Livia , Santoro Michele , Fuorlo Mariella , Sabia Luca , Sandroni Claudio , Gasbarrini Antonio , Franceschi Francesco , Gambassi Giovanni ,   Gemelli Against COVID‐19 Group
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundAmong hypertensive patients, the association between treatment with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) and the clinical severity of COVID‐19, remains uncertain.AimsTo determine whether hypertensive patients hospitalised with COVID‐19 are at risk of worse outcomes if on treatment with ACEI or ARB compared to other anti‐hypertensive medications.MethodsThis is a retrospective study conducted at a single academic medical centre (Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy) from 1 to 31 March 2020. We compared patients on treatment with an ACEI/ARB (ACEI/ARB group) to patients receiving other anti‐hypertensive medications (No‐ACEI/ARB group). The end‐points of the study were the all‐cause in‐hospital death and the combination of in‐hospital death or need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission.ResultsThe sample included 166 COVID‐19 patients; median age was 74 years and 109 (66%) were men. Overall, 111 (67%) patients were taking an ACEI or ARB. Twenty‐nine (17%) patients died during the hospital stay, and 51 (31%) met the combined end‐point. After adjustment for comorbidities, age and degree of severity at the presentation, ACEI or ARB treatment was an independent predictor neither of in‐hospital death nor of the combination of in‐hospital death/need for ICU. No differences were documented between treatment with ACEI compared to ARB.ConclusionsAmong hypertensive patients hospitalised for COVID‐19, treatment with ACEI or ARB is not associated with an increased risk of in‐hospital death.
Teacher as Conceptual Artist
Authors: Bremmer Melissa , Heijnen Emiel , Kersten Sanne 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTeachers in arts education frequently struggle with their professional identity. When asked, arts teachers often answer that they believe that their main responsibility is education at the expense of understanding themselves as artists. The Mexican‐American artist and teacher Jorge Lucero questions whether an occupation as teacher necessarily impedes a creative practice. The finding that both progressive pedagogy and conceptual art share certain characteristics forms the basis for his concept of ‘teacher as conceptual artist’. In short, Lucero proposes that a teacher’s practice, in and beyond the classroom, simultaneously can be his or her creative practice. This qualitative intervention study explored whether or not the concept of teacher as conceptual artist holds the possibility to narrow down the gap between teacher and artist identities. The intervention consisted of a three‐day project led by Lucero in which nine arts teacher students were familiarised with modes of operation as a conceptual artist. In the three following months, these students implemented lessons in primary and secondary education based on those modes. Prior to the project, ‘elicitation‐interviews’ were used to explore how students perceived their professional identity and at the end of project semi‐structured interviews were conducted. The findings suggest that through the modes of operation as a conceptual artist, students who mainly identified as an artist were able to integrate a teacher identity in their artist identity, but the modes of operation also gave students who withheld their artist identity from the classroom an opportunity to live their artist identity in the classroom.
A school‐based intervention can promote insights into future parenting in students with intellectual disabilities—A Swedish interview study
Authors: Randell Eva , Janeslätt Gunnel , Höglund Berit 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have focused on how youth with intellectual disability (ID) can be facilitated in reasoning about future parenthood. This study aimed to explore an intervention using the Toolkit “Childrenwhat does it involve?” and the Real‐Care‐Baby (RCB) simulator among students with ID.MethodSixteen students with ID who participated in an intervention with 13 educational sessions, with adapted knowledge and a three‐day caring session with the RCB simulator, were individually interviewed after the intervention. Qualitative content analysis was used.ResultsParticipants reported that the intervention provided important thoughts and insights on future parenting, providing a basis for informed decisions. The ability to be responsible and have autonomy in life and in caring for a future child were described as important.ConclusionAfter an intervention, with structured and adapted knowledge and experiences of the RCB simulator, students with ID reported an understanding of the importance of informed decisions about future parenthood.
Riddle on the riffle: Miocene diversification and biogeography of endemic mountain loaches in the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot
Authors: Sidharthan Arya , Raghavan Rajeev , Anoop Vasudevan Komalavally , Philip Siby , Dahanukar Neelesh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimThe Western Ghats Hotspot in peninsular India harbours remarkable diversity and endemism of freshwater fish. However, the ichthyofauna's evolutionary histories and biogeography are poorly known. Here, we investigate (a) the diversity, evolutionary history and biogeography of endemic mountain loaches and (b) the potential influence of the physiography of hill ranges, geological barriers and river systems on the diversification and cladogenesis of loaches, in the Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot.LocationSouthern Western Ghats mountain ranges (8–13°N latitudes), Western Ghats‐Sri Lanka Biodiversity Hotspot.TaxaMountain loaches Bhavania annandalei and B. australis (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae).MethodsWe carried out a multigene phylogenetic analysis with mitochondrial and nuclear markers using Bhavania specimens collected throughout the genus' range. The Automated Barcode Gap Analysis, Poisson Tree Process and Generalized Mixed Yule‐Coalescent Model were used to delimit species. A Bayesian chronogram was constructed to estimate the time elapsed since the most recent common ancestor of the distinct lineages of Bhavania. Ancestral ranges of distinct lineages of Bhavania were reconstructed using the dispersal–extinction–cladogenesis model.ResultsPhylogenetic analysis of combined mitochondrial and nuclear data, as well species delimitation using the Poisson Tree Process and Generalized Mixed Yule‐Coalescent Model analyses supported eight distinct lineages, which included the narrowly distributed B. annandalei and widely distributed B. australis. The Barcode Gap Analysis, however, supported only seven lineages. Bayesian divergence time dating suggests that the genus originated early in the Neogene and diversified in the Miocene. Ancestral state reconstruction indicated Bhavania diversifed as a result of sympatric, subset and vicariant speciation with five dispersal and one vicariant events across biogeographic barriers and river systems.Main conclusionsBhavania australis is a ‘species complex’. Miocene‐associated climatic changes including intensification of the south‐west monsoon likely triggered dispersal and range expansion; subsequent aridification would have led to drying up of riverine connections, formation of land barriers and fragmentation of streams, resulting in cladogenesis. Our results also provide preliminary evidence that Cauvery, one of the largest east flowing rivers of Western Ghats, facilitates an east‐west pathway for dispersal and diversification of endemic lineages of the region.
The impact of smoking on non‐surgical periodontal therapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chang Jennifer , Meng Hsiu‐Wan , Lalla Evanthia , Lee Chun‐Teh 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimSmoking is a risk factor for periodontitis. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of smoking on clinical outcomes of non‐surgical periodontal therapy.Materials and MethodsElectronic databases were searched to screen studies published before May 2020. The included studies had to have two groups: smokers (S) and non‐smokers (NS) with periodontitis. The outcomes evaluated were differences between groups in probing depth (PD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain after non‐surgical periodontal therapy. Meta‐regressions were conducted to evaluate correlations between outcomes and other contributing factors.ResultsSeventeen studies were included. The post‐treatment PD reduction in the S group was smaller than in the NS group (weighted mean difference in PD reduction: −0.33 mm, 95% confidence interval (CI): [−0.49, −0.17], p < .01). The CAL gain in the S group was also smaller than in the NS group (weighted mean difference in CAL gain: −0.20 mm, CI: [−0.39, −0.02], p < .01). Additionally, baseline PD significantly affected the difference in PD reduction between two groups.ConclusionsSmoking negatively impacts clinical responses to non‐surgical periodontal therapy. Smokers with periodontitis have significantly less PD reduction and CAL gain than non‐smokers.
Influence of drying temperature on drying kinetics, energy consumption, bioactive compounds and cooking quality of pasta enriched with spinach
Authors: Vimercati Wallaf Costa , da Silva Araújo Cintia , Macedo Leandro Levate , Maradini Filho Antonio Manoel , Saraiva Sérgio Henriques , Teixeira Luciano José Quintão 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe influence of drying temperature on drying kinetics, energy consumption, bioactive compounds, and cooking quality of the pasta enriched with spinach was studied. Pasta enriched with spinach were dried at 35, 45, 55, 65 and 75°C. The drying kinetics, energy consumption, water activity, moisture content, total carotenoids, antioxidant activity, total chlorophyll, total phenolic, hardness, and cooking quality parameters were evaluated. Mathematical models were fitted to predict the drying kinetics, energy consumption and bioactive compounds of pasta. A generalized model to predict the moisture content and energy consumption of pasta in function of drying time and temperature was proposed. The effective moisture diffusivity (Deff) and activation energy were calculated. The Page model, exponential and polynomial performed best to represent drying kinetics, energy consumption, and bioactive compounds, respectively. The drying time decreased and theDeffincreased as the drying temperature increased. The drying temperature influenced the energy consumption, carotenoid content, and antioxidant activity, while the total chlorophyll content, total phenolic, hardness, and quality parameters of the pasta cooking were not affected. The optimum condition obtained by the desirability function for drying of pasta enriched with spinach was 45°C.Practical ApplicationThe use of ingredients that improve nutritional content of pasta is a good alternative for the manufacture of an attractive product. However, drying conditions in pasta processing can affect the technological and nutritional quality of the products. Therefore, it is extremely important to know the drying process conditions and the pasta properties, in order to obtain a better quality control of the product and to optimize the desired variables of the process.