bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recoverability of Listeria monocytogenes after coculture with Tetrahymena pyriformis
Authors: Meinersmann Richard J. , Berrang Mark E. , Rigsby Luanne L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBactivory by protozoa is a major factor that limits the number of bacteria in nature and may control the presence of Listeria monocytogenes. The effectiveness of Tetrahymena pyriformis destruction of L. monocytogenes was measured. Within 1 hr, 35–40 T. pyriformis cells ingested an average of 1,219 CFU of L. monocytogenes. Gentamicin was then added to kill un‐ingested Listeria. In 24 hr, the recoverable bacteria were reduced at an exponential rate to undetectable levels (<1 per culture). A genetically diverse set of L. monocytogenes cultures all reduced Listeria recovery by the same degree. In assays without addition of gentamicin, numbers of attached L. monocytogenes cells were lessened from an average of log 6.5 CFU/2 ml culture to log 4.7 CFU/2 ml culture. T. pyriformis was capable of lowering numbers of both free‐swimming and attached L. monocytogenes. This technology may have applications to control L. monocytogenes in food processing environments.
Gaining insight into the supportive care needs of women experiencing gynaecological cancer: A qualitative study
Authors: Williams Natalie , Griffin Georgia , Farrell Victoria , Hauck Yvonne L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAim and objectivesTo gain insight into the supportive care needs of Western Australian women experiencing gynaecological cancer.BackgroundMeeting the supportive care needs of people living with cancer is becoming increasingly important as advances in cancer treatment contribute to growing numbers of survivors. International evidence suggests between 24%–56% of women with gynaecological cancer have unmet supportive care needs and that psychological challenges, information provision and holistic care are priorities. No qualitative investigation has previously explored women's journey of gynaecological cancer within the Australian setting.DesignA qualitative descriptive design was used.MethodsWomen treated for gynaecological cancer were recruited from a tertiary public women's hospital in Western Australia. Thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative data collected from 190 women over 12 months through written open‐ended survey responses and telephone interviews. The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ) guided presentation of results.ResultsAnalysis yielded five themes and four subthemes: (a) Communication style directs the experience (subthemes: feeling supported; absence of empathy); (b) It's not just about the disease (subthemes: life has changed; holistic care); (c) A desire for information; (d) Drawing upon resilience; and (e) Navigating the system.DiscussionExploration of the women's needs leads to the discussion of three concepts. Communication styles, harnessing women's resilience and alternative models of care are evaluated for their capacity to improve care and women's quality of life into survivorship. Recommendations are made for further research and possible interventions that can be translated into the clinical setting.ConclusionWomen with gynaecological cancer described complex often unmet supportive care needs and interactions with the healthcare system. Insight gained directs suggestions for improved service provision.Relevance to clinical practiceImproved patient‐centred communication, harnessing resilience as a resource and alternative models of care for follow‐up are encouraged as areas of improvement for clinicians and care services.
Understanding the role of an advanced practice nurse through the perspectives of patients with cardiovascular disease: A qualitative study
Authors: Woo Brigitte , Koh Karen , Zhou Wentao , Wei Lim Toon , Lopez Violeta , Tam Wilson 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore patients’ understanding of the role of an advanced practice nurse (APN).BackgroundThe increasing prevalence of multimorbidities among people living with cardiovascular disease (CVD) has increased the complexity of their clinical care. Implementing the role of APNs in new models of care has been shown to improve outcomes in the CVD population. However, the CVD population's understanding of and experiences with the APN role have not been examined in Singapore.MethodsAn exploratory descriptive qualitative design using semi‐structured face‐to‐face individual interviews was undertaken (November 2017–March 2018). Fourteen participants were purposively sampled from an outpatient clinic in one of Singapore's national heart centres. Thematic analysis was undertaken. The COREQ guidelines were adhered to.FindingsThe multi‐ethnic sample included ten males and four females. Two main themes were identified: (1) APNs play a complementary role to doctors and (2) the acceptance of the APN role takes time. Each theme was supported by three subthemes to further elucidate the role and acceptance of APNs.ConclusionA lack of understanding of the role of APNs is present, thereby causing the less than optimal patient acceptance of APNs. As patients with CVD experience improvements to their health through APN‐led services, they may gain confidence in APNs’ skills and knowledge.Relevance to clinical practiceWhen introducing new roles, fully explaining these roles to the target population is pertinent as it will be facilitative to patient engagement and optimisations of care. The findings support the call for APNs to explain the value and essence of advanced practice nursing more effectively. There should be a greater emphasis on teaching APNs to introduce and explain the role of APNs through APN preparatory education and incorporating this practice in APN practice standards, especially in contexts where APN development is premature.
THE ECONOMIC AND BEHAVIORAL CONSEQUENCES OF ONLINE USER REVIEWS
Authors: Magnani Marco 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOnline user reviews have become an increasingly relevant informational tool during product search and adoption. Recent surveys have shown that consumers trust and rely on online reviews more than they do on website recommendations and experts opinions. As a new way of driving consumer purchasing intentions, online user reviews have therefore come under scrutiny by researchers. The objective of this paper is to offer an overview of the literature regarding the impact of online user reviews on economic indicators (e.g., sales, marketing strategies) and on consumer behavior. Furthermore, following the growing interest of academics and professionals alike on the topic, the present work provides an exploratory analysis of the consequences of online reviews on individual rating behavior – empirical regularities showed that online rating distributions tend to be concentrated on extreme values, possibly because of rating biases. As consumers and firms incorporate the heuristic cues from such distributions into their decision‐making processes, biased ratings might lead to suboptimal choices. This overview presents established results (e.g., the impact of volume on product sales) and insights as issues for future research.
Brain Myelin Water Fraction and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Atlases for 9‐10 Year‐Old Children
Authors: Morris Sarah R. , Holmes Richard Davis , Dvorak Adam V. , Liu Hanwen , Yoo Youngjin , Vavasour Irene M. , Mazabel Silvia , Mädler Burkhard , Kolind Shannon H. , Li David K. B. , Siegel Linda , Beaulieu Christian , MacKay Alex L. , Laule Cornelia 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEMyelin water imaging (MWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provide information about myelin and axon‐related brain microstructure, which can be useful for investigating normal brain development and many childhood brain disorders. While pediatric DTI atlases exist, there are no pediatric MWI atlases available for the 9‐10 years old age group. As myelination and structural development occurs throughout childhood and adolescence, studies of pediatric brain pathologies must use age‐specific MWI and DTI healthy control data. We created atlases of myelin water fraction (MWF) and DTI metrics for healthy children aged 9‐10 years for use as normative data in pediatric neuroimaging studies.METHODS3D‐T1, DTI, and MWI scans were acquired from 20 healthy children (mean age: 9.6 years, range: 9.2‐10.3 years, 4 females). ANTs and FSL registration were used to create quantitative MWF and DTI atlases. Region of interest (ROI) analysis in nine white matter regions was used to compare pediatric MWF with adult MWF values from a recent study and to investigate the correlation between pediatric MWF and DTI metrics.RESULTSAdults had significantly higher MWF than the pediatric cohort in seven of the nine white matter ROIs, but not in the genu of the corpus callosum or the cingulum. In the pediatric data, MWF correlated significantly with mean diffusivity, but not with axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity, or fractional anisotropy.CONCLUSIONSNormative MWF and DTI metrics from a group of 9‐10 year old healthy children provide a resource for comparison to pathologies. The age‐specific atlases are ready for use in pediatric neuroimaging research and can be accessed: https://sourceforge.net/projects/pediatric-mri-myelin-diffusion/.
Enhancing Student Learning in Dental Anatomy by Using Virtual Three‐Dimensional Models
Authors: Elgreatly Amira , Mahrous Ahmed 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn order to provide restorations and dental prostheses that are esthetically pleasing, functional and in harmony with a patient's occlusion, practitioners must have a thorough knowledge of dental anatomy. Recent studies have shown that virtual three‐dimensional (3D) models greatly enhance educational outcomes in dental anatomy courses. This article describes a novel educational technique and uses videos and web‐based portals to demonstrate how to create a virtual 3D tooth model from a scan of a natural tooth for use in dental anatomy courses.
Diffusion and adoption of advanced emission abatement technology induced by permit trading
Authors: Endres Alfred , Friehe Tim , Rundshagen Bianca 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper analyzes firm incentives to diffuse and adopt advanced abatement technology for three different regimes of tradeable emission permits (auctioning, benchmarking, and grandfathering). We particularly consider technical change that decreases marginal abatement costs (MACs) only at high emission levels, whereas it increases them at low firm emissions. We establish that the desirability of the different regimes of allocating permits to firms is critically influenced by how MACs are changed by technological improvements.
Daily rhythms of phytomelatonin signaling modulate diurnal stomatal closure via regulating reactive oxygen species dynamics in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Dongxu , Wei Jian , Peng Zhongping , Ma Wenna , Yang Qian , Song Zhongbang , Sun Wei , Yang Wei , Yuan Li , Xu Xiaodong , Chang Wei , Rengel Zed , Shen Jianbo , Reiter Russel J. , Cui Xiuming , Yu Dashi , Chen Qi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMelatonin is a well‐studied neurohormone oscillating in a 24‐h cycle in vertebrates. Phytomelatonin is widespread in plant kingdom, but it remains elusive whether this newly characterized putative hormone underlies the regulation by daily rhythms. Here, we report phytomelatonin signaling, as reflected by changes in endogenous concentrations of phytomelatonin and expression of genes associated with biosynthesis of phytomelatonin (AtSNAT1, AtCOMT1, and AtASMT) and its receptor (AtPMTR1), shows 24‐h oscillations in Arabidopsis. The variation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and scavenging and expression of ROS‐related genes significantly decrease in pmtr1 and snat and increase in PMTR1‐OE seedlings, indicating the rhythmicity in phytomelatonin signaling is required for maintenance of ROS dynamics. Additionally, the ROS signaling feedback influences the expression of AtSNAT1, AtCOMT1, AtASMT, and AtPMTR1, suggesting the phytomelatonin and ROS signaling are coordinately interrelated. The pmtr1 mutant plants lose diurnal stomatal closure, with stomata remaining open during daytime as well as nighttime and mutants showing more water loss and drought sensitivity when compared with the wild‐type Col‐0 plants. Taken together, our results suggest that PMTR1‐regulated ROS signaling peaks in the afternoon and may transmit the darkness signals to trigger stomatal closure, which might be essential for high water‐use efficiency and drought tolerance.
A randomized clinical trial on the acute therapeutic effect of TRPA1 and TRPM8 agonists in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia
Authors: Tomsen Noemí , Alvarez‐Berdugo Daniel , Rofes Laia , Ortega Omar , Arreola Viridiana , Nascimento Weslania , Martin Alberto , Cabib Christopher , Bolivar‐Prados Mireia , Mundet Lluís , Legrand Coline , Clavé Pere , Michlig Stephanie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundOropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) treatment is moving away from compensatory strategies toward active treatments that improve swallowing function. The aim of this study was to assess the acute therapeutic effect of TRPA1/M8 agonists in improving swallowing function in OD patients.MethodsFifty‐eight patients with OD caused by aging, stroke, or neurodegenerative disease were included in a three‐arm, quadruple‐blind, randomized clinical trial (NCT02193438). Swallowing safety and efficacy and the kinematics of the swallow response were assessed by videofluoroscopy (VFS) during the swallow of 182 ± 2 mPa·s viscosity (nectar) boluses of a xanthan gum thickener supplemented with (a) 756.6 μmol/L cinnamaldehyde and 70 μmol/L zinc (CIN‐Zn) (TRPA1 agonists), (b) 1.6 mmol/L citral (CIT) (TRPA1 agonist), or (c) 1.6 mmol/L citral and 1.3 mmol/L isopulegol (CIT‐ISO) (TRPA1 and TRPM8 agonists). The effects on pharyngeal event‐related potentials (ERP) were assessed by electroencephalography.Key ResultsTRPA1 stimulation with either CIN‐Zn or CIT reduced time to laryngeal vestibule closure (CIN‐Zn P = .002, CIT P = .023) and upper esophageal sphincter opening (CIN‐Zn P = .007, CIT P = .035). In addition, CIN‐Zn reduced the penetration‐aspiration scale score (P = .009), increased the prevalence of safe swallows (P = .041), and reduced the latency of the P2 peak of the ERP. CIT‐ISO had no positive effect on biomechanics or neurophysiology. No significant adverse events were observed.Conclusions and InferencesTRPA1 stimulation with CIN‐Zn or CIT improves the swallow response which, in the case of CIN‐Zn, is associated with a significant improvement in cortical activation and safety of swallow. These results provide the basis for the development of new active treatments for OD using TRPA1 agonists.
Characterisation of evolutionarily conserved key players affecting eukaryotic flagellar motility and fertility using a moss model
Authors: Meyberg Rabea , Perroud Pierre‐François , Haas Fabian B. , Schneider Lucas , Heimerl Thomas , Renzaglia Karen S. , Rensing Stefan A. 
Published: February 2020

Summary

Defects in flagella/cilia are often associated with infertility and disease. Motile male gametes (sperm cells) are an ancestral eukaryotic trait that has been lost in several lineages like flowering plants. Here, we made use of a phenotypic male fertility difference between two moss (Physcomitrella patens) ecotypes to explore spermatozoid function.

We compare genetic and epigenetic variation as well as expression profiles between the Gransden and Reute ecotype to identify a set of candidate genes associated with moss male infertility. We generated a loss‐of‐function mutant of a coiled‐coil domain containing 39 (ccdc39) gene that is part of the flagellar hydin network.

Defects in mammal and algal homologues of this gene coincide with a loss of fertility, demonstrating the evolutionary conservation of flagellar function related to male fertility across kingdoms. The Ppccdc39 mutant resembles the Gransden phenotype in terms of male fertility.

Potentially, several somatic (epi‐)mutations occurred during prolonged vegetative propagation of Gransden, causing regulatory differences of for example the homeodomain transcription factor BELL1. Probably these somatic changes are causative for the observed male fertility defect. We propose that moss spermatozoids might be employed as an easily accessible system to study male infertility of humans and animals in terms of flagellar structure and movement.
A pediatric approach to management of skin growths in basal cell nevus syndrome
Authors: Fisher Jonathan , Moustafa Danna , Su Katherine A. , Bartenstein Diana W. , Lilly Evelyn , Kroshinsky Daniela , Hawryluk Elena B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLittle guidance on management of basal cell nevus syndrome in children exists. We report a case series of four patients diagnosed with BCNS in early childhood, in whom several highly suspicious lesions were biopsied, but several smaller and questionably concerning lesions were treated with therapies that are more tolerable for children, including topical imiquimod, 5‐fluorouracil, cryotherapy, or touch electrodessication following topical anesthetic cream. These therapies were well tolerated, and all residual or persistent lesions were subsequently biopsied and found to be benign. This approach is often preferable for pediatric BCNS patients, in whom concerning lesions can be identified clinically and managed compassionately. However, any lesion that exhibits growth, bleeding, or symptoms should be biopsied for definitive diagnosis.
Relationship between smartphone addiction and meaning and purpose of life in students of health sciences
Authors: Çevik Cahide , Ciğerci Yeliz , Kılıç İbrahim , Uyar Serpil 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeIn this study was aimed to examine the relationship between smartphone addiction (SA) and meaning and purpose of life (MPL) of university students.Design and MethodsA cross‐sectional study consisted of 677 students studying in students of Health Sciences. The data were collected by a questionnaire included the smartphone addiction scale‐short form and the meaning and purpose in life scale.FindingsA significant and negative correlation was found between SA and the MPL levels.Practice ImplacitionsIndividual coping programs with SA should be handle within the scope of school health nursing. Also these programs should include activities to help students find meaning and purpose in their lives.
Identification and definition of asthma–COPD overlap: The CanCOLD study
Authors: Barrecheguren Miriam , Pinto Lancelot , Mostafavi‐Pour‐Manshadi Seyed‐Mohammad‐Yousof , Tan Wan C. , Li Pei Z. , Aaron Shawn D. , Benedetti Andrea , Chapman Kenneth R. , Walker Brandie , Fitzgerald J. Mark , Hernandez Paul , Maltais François , Marciniuk Darcy D. , O'Donnell Denis E. , Sin Don D. , Bourbeau Jean ,   for the CanCOLD Collaborative Research Group and the Canadian Respiratory Research Network
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveLack of consensus on diagnosis of ACO limits our understanding of the impact, management and outcomes of ACO. The present observational study aims to describe the prevalence, clinical characteristics and course of individuals with ACO based on various definitions used in clinical practice.MethodsWe included individuals with COPD from the prospective, multisite CanCOLD study and defined subjects with ACO using seven definitions commonly used in the literature.ResultsData including questionnaires, lung function and CT scans were analysed from 522 individuals with COPD who were randomly recruited from the population. Among them, 264 fulfilled at least one of the seven definitions of ACO. Prevalence of ACO varied from 3.8% to 31%. Regardless of the definition, individuals with ACO had worse outcomes (lung function and higher percentage of fast decliners, symptoms and exacerbations, health‐related quality of life and comorbidities) than the remaining patients with COPD. Conversely, patients with non‐ACO had higher emphysema and bronchiolitis scores. The three definitions that included atopy and/or physician diagnosis of asthma identified subjects who differed significantly from patients with COPD. The two ACO definitions with post‐bronchodilator reversibility were concordant with COPD and were the least stable, with less than 50% of the patients from each group maintaining reversibility over visits.ConclusionAtopy and physician‐diagnosed asthma are more distinguishing characteristics to identify ACO. This finding needs to be validated using measures of airway inflammation and other specific biomarkers.
Improving Probability Judgment in Intelligence Analysis: From Structured Analysis to Statistical Aggregation
Authors: Karvetski Christopher W. , Mandel David R. , Irwin Daniel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAs in other areas of expert judgment, intelligence analysis often requires judging the probability that hypotheses are true. Intelligence organizations promote the use of structured methods such as “Analysis of Competing Hypotheses” (ACH) to improve judgment accuracy and analytic rigor, but these methods have received little empirical testing. In this experiment, we pitted ACH against a factorized Bayes's theorem (FBT) method, and we examined the value of recalibration (coherentization) and aggregation methods for improving the accuracy of probability judgment. Analytic techniques such as ACH and FBT were ineffective in improving accuracy and handling correlated evidence, and ACH in fact decreased the coherence of probability judgments. In contrast, statistical postanalytic methods (i.e., coherentization and aggregation) yielded large accuracy gains. A wide range of methods for instantiating these techniques were tested. The interactions among the factors considered suggest that prescriptive theorists and interventionists should examine the value of ensembles of judgment‐support methods.
Export revenue and quality: Firm‐level evidence from developing countries
Authors: Minondo Asier 
Published: February 2020

AbstractI combine firm‐level export data from eight low‐income and middle‐income countries to test the relation between export price and export revenue. Across‐firm estimations show a strong positive association between export price and export revenue. Within‐firm estimations show that firms generate larger export revenue from their high‐price products. The positive correlation between export price and export revenue is strong for manufactures, weak for primary commodities, and nonexistent for extractables. Results are robust to using an alternative quality measure and controlling for exporters’ market power.
Voters’ Knowledge of Their Representatives: The Direct and Conditioned Effects of Parliamentary Work
Authors: François Abel , Navarro Julien 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article examines factors that influence voters’ knowledge of their representatives, a key element in securing the responsiveness and accountability of parliamentarians. We argue that the parliamentary work of MPs (Members of Parliament) benefits incumbents through increased name recall, and that this relationship is conditional on: the incumbents’ candidacy; the voters’ political competence; and their ideological proximity with their representatives. Combining data on French MPs’ activities with a 2007 CSES post‐election survey enables us to test our hypotheses, while controlling for confounding factors. The empirical analysis demonstrates that some parliamentary activities increase the voters’ capacity to recall the name of their MPs. The latter are therefore incentivised to be responsive to and serve their constituents. However, we also find that voters’ political competence and ideological proximity with their MP alter the relationship between parliamentary work and name recall. This may potentially introduce some biases in the democratic process of accountability.