bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer outcomes are independent of preoperative CA 19‐9 in anatomically resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: A retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Kim Joon Kyung , DePeralta Danielle K. , Ogami Takuya , Denbo Jason W. , Pimiento Jose , Hodul Pamela J. , Malafa Mokenge P. , Kim Dae W. , Fleming Jason B. , Powers Benjamin D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCurrent guidelines recommend neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients with anatomically resectable tumors but elevated CA 19‐9. However, this recommendation is based on data from anatomically resectable and borderline resectable PDAC patients. Therefore, we analyzed the association of preoperative CA 19‐9 with oncologic outcomes in a cohort of anatomically resectable PDAC patients.MethodsA single‐institution PDAC database from 2007 to 2015 included patients who underwent guideline‐based staging and were anatomically resectable. Patients with bilirubin above 1.5 after decompression, nonsecretors of CA 19‐9, and borderline resectable patients were excluded. Statistical analysis included frequency testing and regression modeling for recurrence and survival.ResultsOne hundred forty‐four PDAC patients were identified; 16 (11.1%) had elevated preoperative CA 19‐9 ≥ 1000. A CA 19‐9 level ≥1000 was not associated with demographic, clinical, or pathological factors. After adjustment for potential confounders, CA 19‐9 levels (continuous, median, 500 U/mL, or 1000 U/mL cut‐offs) were not associated with recurrence or overall survival (OS).ConclusionsAlthough guidelines recommend CA 19‐9 to determine the management of anatomically resectable PDAC patients, CA 19‐9 was not associated with recurrence or OS in this cohort. Our findings do not suggest that CA 19‐9 alone should determine the PDAC treatment strategy.
Littlewood–Paley characterization of BMO and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces
Authors: Tselishchev Anton , Vasilyev Ioann 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe prove a generalization of the Littlewood–Paley characterisation of the BMO space where the shifts of a Schwartz function are replaced by a family of functions with suitable conditions imposed on them. We also prove that a certain family of Triebel–Lizorkin spaces can be characterized in a similar way.
Self‐Propelled Supracolloidal Fibers from Multifunctional Polymer Surfactants and Droplets
Authors: Zhao Jing , Santa Chalarca Cristiam Fernando , Nunes Janine K. , Stone Howard A. , Emrick Todd 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAdvanced synthetic materials are needed to produce nano‐ and mesoscale structures that function autonomously, catalyze reactions, and convert chemical energy into motion. This paper describes supracolloidal fiber‐like structures that are composed of self‐adhering, or “sticky,” oil‐in‐water emulsion droplets. Polymer zwitterion surfactants serve as the key interfacial components of these materials, enabling multiple functions simultaneously, including acting as droplet‐stabilizing surfactants, interdroplet adhesives, and building blocks of the fibers. This fiber motion, a surprising additional feature of these supracolloidal structures, is observed at the air–water interface and hinged on the chemistry of the polymer surfactant. The origin of this motion is hypothesized to involve transport of polymer from the oil–water interface to the air–water interface, which generates a Marangoni (interfacial) stress. Harnessing this fiber motion with functional polymer surfactants, and selection of the oil phase, produced worm‐like objects capable of rotation, oscillation, and/or response to external fields. Overall, these supracolloidal fibers fill a design gap between self‐propelled nano/microscale particles and macroscale motors, and have the potential to serve as new components of soft, responsive materials structures.
Cost of health care for paediatric patients with sickle cell disease: An analysis of resource use and costs in a European country
Authors: Thielen Frederick W. , Houwing Maite E. , Cnossen Marjon H. , al Hadithy‐Irgiztseva Ilona A. , Hazelzet Jan A. , Groot Carin A. Uyl‐de , de Pagter Anne P.J. , Blommestein Hedwig M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhile multiple studies have examined the cost of health care for one aspect of sickle cell disease care, few have focussed on the overall cost of comprehensive care for sickle cell disease.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of children with sickle cell disease treated in a comprehensive care centre from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2016. Health care utilisation of included patients was based upon data from two main sources. The clinical practice guideline was used to determine the expected resource use of routine comprehensive care (planned elective care), and the financial claims database was used to estimate real‐world resource use associated with acute and inpatient care (additional care).ResultsA total of 125 children with sickle cell disease were analysed. Expenditures for these patients averaged €5049 [standard deviation (SD) €1634] per child per year. Total yearly costs per patient varied considerably, ranging from €669 to €84 010, and less than 15% of patients were responsible for 50% of the health care costs. The majority (37%) of costs was associated with inpatient hospital care, which increased by age group, 27% with diagnostics, 19% with treatment, 11% with outpatients’ visits and 6% with emergency care.ConclusionWe have described real‐world resource use and expenditures for children with sickle cell disease in a European comprehensive care centre. It seems that costs of a comprehensive approach with effective management in the outpatient setting is favourable when compared to episodic health care.
Frequency of face touching with and without a mask in pediatric hematology/oncology health care professionals
Authors: Lucas Tiffany L. , Mustain Rachel , Goldsby Robert E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe impact of wearing a mask on face‐touching behavior is unknown. We conducted a survey of pediatric hematology/oncology staff to assess the perception of how masks would affect face‐touching behavior and a brief observational study of providers during conferences in a children's hospital to quantify how masks affect face‐touching behavior. Most felt that the mask would either increase (37.4%) or decrease (36.6%) their face‐touching behavior. During a total of 330 person‐minutes of observation, median face‐touching rate was 5.4 face touches/hour (FT/h) while wearing a mask and 20 FT/h without a mask. Masks may reduce face‐touching behavior amongst health care professionals.
The mechanism of the controlled deposition of electrospun fibers
Authors: Ma Haopeng , Gao Qiyao , Wang Xiulei , Li Haoyi , Yang Weimin , Jiao Zhiwei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe controlled deposition of electrospun fibers means that the electrospun fibers can be collected in a limited and specified area and can present better applications in the fields of medical treatment, garment making, and 3D printing. In order to study the mechanism of the controlled deposition of electrospun fibers, simulation and experimental methods were used. Specifically, in the electrospinning experiment, circular copper sheets of different diameters were used as collectors. The effect of different collector areas on the morphology of fiber deposition was discussed. The electric field distribution of electrospinning with different specifications of collectors was simulated correspondingly. The experimental results show that, as compared to the traditional large flat collector, the area where the electrospun fibers are deposited is significantly reduced when a smaller circular copper plate was used as a collector. The smaller the area of the collector, the more the fibers tend to deposit at the center area of the collector, and the more likely the morphology of the product formed by the fiber deposition to exhibit a center protrusion shape. The controlled deposition of the electrospun fiber technology can provide more opportunities for the application of the electrospinning technology.
Everyday life challenges among adolescent and young adult survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: An in‐depth qualitative study
Authors: Andrés‐Jensen Liv , Larsen Hanne Baekgaard , Johansen Christoffer , Frandsen Thomas Leth , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Wahlberg Ayo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveAs survival rates increase, growing numbers of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors are at risk for somatic and psychosocial late effects. Adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors represent a distinct and vulnerable group. This study aimed to explore how AYA survivors of childhood ALL experience everyday life after cancer while adjusting to the potential impact of prior disease and treatment.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were performed with survivors aged 15‐22 years. Criterion‐based homogenous purposive sampling was used to identify similarities within the group. Data were analyzed using an inductive, thematic approach.ResultsData saturation occurred after 18 interviews. Identified themes included the post‐chemo body, negotiating identities, and disruption. More than 80% reported physical or cognitive late effects, but survivors adapted to these and had a positive view on own health. However, a co‐existing experience of frailty persisted. Social disruption during treatment had a negative impact on social relations even years following cure. Identity issues revolved around the paradox of seeking recognition for their cancer‐related experiences, while also wanting to be treated like everyone else. Some participants aged 18‐22 years experienced delayed reactions and a new, but unmet, need to process the past.ConclusionsAYA survivors of childhood ALL adapt well to their new life situations, but many experience ongoing cancer‐related disruptions and experience not being fully understood. We suggest exploration and verbalization of these issues alongside somatic follow‐up around the age of 16‐18 years to support the AYA survivors during their transition into adulthood.
Thrombocytopaenia during nintedanib treatment in a patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Ochi Yusuke , Kato Motoyasu , Fujioka Masahiro , Hayashi Mika , Takagi Haruhi , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA 72‐year‐old Japanese man was diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and treatment with nintedanib was initiated. Ten months after nintedanib treatment initiation, his serum platelet levels gradually decreased until it reached 14,000/mm2 and he was admitted to our hospital. At admission, his serum platelet‐associated immunoglobin G level was markedly increased, and bone marrow biopsy showed megakaryocytic hyperplasia. We suspended nintedanib treatment and transfused platelet concentrate. In the absence of evidence of other diseases related to thrombocytopaenia, including Helicobacter pylori infection, thrombocytopaenia was considered to have been caused by nintedanib use. After the patient received high‐dose dexamethasone therapy (20 mg/day for four days) and thrombopoietin receptor agonist, eltrombopag olamine (maximum dose: 50 mg/day), the serum platelet count gradually increased. Here, we present a rare case of symptomatic thrombocytopaenia associated with nintedanib treatment in a patient with IPF.
Human bone marrow stem/stromal cell osteogenesis is regulated via mechanically activated osteocyte-derived extracellular vesicles
Authors: Eichholz Kian F. , Woods Ian , Riffault Mathieu , Johnson Gillian P. , Corrigan Michele , Lowry Michelle C. , Shen Nian , Labour Marie-Noelle , Wynne Kieran , O’Driscoll Lorraine , Hoey David A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bone formation or regeneration requires the recruitment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of stem/stromal progenitor cells. A potent stimulus driving this process is mechanical loading. Osteocytes are mechanosensitive cells that play fundamental roles in coordinating loading-induced bone formation via the secretion of paracrine factors. However, the exact mechanisms by which osteocytes relay mechanical signals to these progenitor cells are poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the potency of the mechanically stimulated osteocyte secretome in driving human bone marrow stem/stromal cell (hMSC) recruitment and differentiation, and characterize the secretome to identify potential factors regulating stem cell behavior and bone mechanobiology. We demonstrate that osteocytes subjected to fluid shear secrete a distinct collection of factors that significantly enhance hMSC recruitment and osteogenesis and demonstrate the key role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in driving these effects. This demonstrates the pro-osteogenic potential of osteocyte-derived mechanically activated extracellular vesicles, which have great potential as a cell-free therapy to enhance bone regeneration and repair in diseases such as osteoporosis.
Selective Sensing of Proteins Using Aptamer Functionalized Nanopore Extended Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Ren Ren , Wang Xiaoyi , Cai Shenglin , Zhang Yanjun , Korchev Yuri , Ivanov Aleksandar P. , Edel Joshua B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe ability to sense proteins and protein‐related interactions at the single‐molecule level is becoming of increasing importance to understand biological processes and diseases better. Single‐molecule sensors, such as nanopores have shown substantial promise for the label‐free detection of proteins; however, challenges remain due to the lack of selectivity and the need for relatively high analyte concentrations. An aptamer‐functionalized nanopore extended field‐effect transistor (nexFET) sensor is reported here, where protein transport can be controlled via the gate voltage that in turn improves single‐molecule sensitivity and analyte capture rates. Importantly, these sensors allow for selective detection, based on the choice of aptamer chemistry, and can provide a valuable addition to the existing methods for the analysis of proteins and biomarkers in biological fluids.
A system dynamics model of capital structure policy for firm value maximization
Authors: Khan Aima , Qureshi Muhammad Azeem , Davidsen Pål Ingebrigt 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe complexity surrounding the maximization of firm value agenda demands a comprehensive causal model that effectively embeds the intertwining relationships of the variables and the policies involved. System dynamics provides an appropriate methodology to model and simulate such complex relationships to facilitate decision making in a complex business environment. The objective of the study is to analyze the impact of capital structure policy, being a key managerial decision, on the firm value. For this purpose, the study develops a system dynamics‐based corporate planning model for an oil firm, including the operational as well as financial processes. Various scenarios and capital structure policies have been designed and simulated to identify the policy that helps in increasing the firm value. The results demonstrate that increase in debt percentage in capital structure mix increase the firm value.
Materdicine: Interdiscipline of materials and medicine
Authors: Xiang Huijing , Chen Yu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe clinical medicine and biomaterials are two fields that are conducive to achieve the goal of precise medicine on diagnostics and therapeutics of various diseases. The interdiscipline of materials and medicine, termed/abbreviated as “materdicine,” seeks to address the dominant medical shortcomings and challenges faced by conventional medicine, including inferior bioavailability, systemic toxicity, poor targeting specificity, and unsatisfied diagnostic/therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we present the perspective and discussion on the use of diverse biomaterials for disease diagnosis and treatment from a broad perspective, especially on nanoscale biomaterials. We initially highlight the recent advances on the engineering of abundant contrast agents for diagnostic bioimaging, such as optical fluorescence imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and photoacoustic imaging. In addition, discussions on the diagnostic biosensing for point‐of‐care diagnosis, such as fluorescent and plasmonic sensors, are supplemented. Furthermore, we outline several materdicine‐enabled therapeutic modalities for disease treatments, including the following exemplified scaffold biomaterials for regenerative medicine. Especially, rational modulation of toxicity issues of micro‐/nanoscale biomaterials is also accounted for addressing the possible concerns of biocompatibility and biosafety on further clinical translation of materdicine. Finally, we summarize facing challenges and outlook future developments relating to the clinical translation of these distinctive biomaterials in materdicine.
Opportunities and challenges for the clinical translation of structuredDNAassemblies as gene therapeutic delivery and vaccine vectors
Authors: Dobrovolskaia Marina A. , Bathe Mark 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGene therapeutics including siRNAs, anti‐sense oligos, messenger RNAs, and CRISPR ribonucleoprotein complexes offer unmet potential to treat over 7,000 known genetic diseases, as well as cancer, through targeted in vivo modulation of aberrant gene expression and immune cell activation. Compared with viral vectors, nonviral delivery vectors offer controlled immunogenicity and low manufacturing cost, yet suffer from limitations in toxicity, targeting, and transduction efficiency. Structured DNA assemblies fabricated using the principle of scaffolded DNA origami offer a new nonviral delivery vector with intrinsic, yet controllable immunostimulatory properties and virus‐like spatial presentation of ligands and immunogens for cell‐specific targeting, activation, and control over intracellular trafficking, in addition to low manufacturing cost. However, the relative utilities and limitations of these vectors must clearly be demonstrated in preclinical studies for their clinical potential to be realized. Here, we review the major capabilities, opportunities, and challenges we foresee in translating these next‐generation delivery and vaccine vectors to the clinic.This article is categorized under:Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging TechnologiesBiology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid‐Based StructuresTherapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Differential Impact of Land Use Types on Soil Productivity Components in Two Agro-Ecological Zones of Southern Ghana
Authors: Owoade Folasade Mary , Adiku Samuel Godfried Kwasi , Atkinson Christopher John , MacCarthy Dilys Sefakor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe maintenance of soil productivity is important for sustained crop yield in low-input systems in the tropics. This study investigated the impact of four different land use types, namely, maize and cassava cropping, woodlot/plantations, and natural forests on soil productivity components, especially soil carbon accretion, at six sites within two agro-ecological zones of southern Ghana. Soil properties were significantly different between sites and ecological zones. The coastal savanna zones, which is a low rainfall zone had relatively lower soil carbon storage than the high rainfall forest-savanna transition zone. Soil productivity conditions in the later zone were much more favorable for cropping than the former. Land use types significantly affected the soil carbon (SOC) storage within the two ecological zones. In the low rainfall zone, soil carbon accretion by maize cropping, cassava cropping, and plantations were 48%, 54%, and 60%, respectively, of the forest carbon stock (47,617 kg/ha). In the transition zone, the soil carbon accretion was over 90% of the forest value (48,216 kg/ha) for all land use types. In effect use of land use types in maintaining soil productivity must consider the conditions in a given ecological zone.
The first α′-correction to homogeneous Yang-Baxter deformations using O(d, d)
Authors: Borsato Riccardo , López Alejandro Vilar , Wulff Linus 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We use the O(d, d)-covariant formulation of supergravity familiar from Double Field Theory to find the first α′-correction to (unimodular) homogeneous Yang-Baxter (YB) deformations of the bosonic string. A special case of this result gives the α′-correction to TsT transformations. In a suitable scheme the correction comes entirely from an induced anomalous double Lorentz transformation, which is needed to make the two vielbeins obtained upon the YB deformation equal. This should hold more generally, in particular for abelian and non-abelian T-duality, as we discuss.
Quantum quench, large N, and symmetry restoration
Authors: Das Diptarka , Dey Bidyut 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe globally quench the theory of two dimensional massless fermions (manyflavours) with quartic interactions by making the quartic coupling a smooth function of time. Working in a derivative expansion we show that the discrete ℤ2symmetry in case of the Gross-Neveu model, and the U (1) symmetry in case of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio2 model, are restored during the zero-temperature quench. For the Gross-Neveu model we show that this can be understood as an effective thermalization. The time of symmetry restoration shows scaling with the quench rate. We identify this with the Kibble-Zurek scaling in the problem. In a suitable double scaling limit, the symmetry restoration may be understood in terms of Liouville quantum mechanics.
Application of molecular SERS nanosensors: where we stand and where we are headed towards?
Authors: Jahn Izabella J. , Mühlig Anna , Cialla-May Dana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMolecular specific and highly sensitive detection is the driving force of the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) community. The technique opens the window to the undisturbed monitoring of cellular processes in situ or to the quantification of small molecular species that do not deliver Raman signals. The smart design of molecular SERS nanosensors makes it possible to indirectly but specifically detect, e.g. reactive oxygen species, carbon monoxide or potentially toxic metal ions. Detection schemes evolved over the years from simple metallic colloidal nanoparticles functionalized with sensing molecules that show uncontrolled aggregation to complex nanostructures with magnetic properties making the analysis of complex environmental samples possible. The present article gives the readership an overview of the present research advancements in the field of molecular SERS sensors, highlighting future trends.
Effect of ozone stress on the intracellular metabolites from Cobetia marina
Authors: Li Junjie , Rumancev Christoph , Lutze Holger V. , Schmidt Torsten C. , Rosenhahn Axel , Schmitz Oliver J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA GCxGC-MS system was employed with a non-polar × mid-polar column set for the metabolic non-target analysis of Cobetia marina, the model bacteria for marine biofouling. C. marina was treated with ozone to investigate the intracellular metabolic state change under oxidative stress. A minimal inhibitory concentration test was involved to guarantee that the applied ozone dosages were not lethal for the cells. In this study, non-target analyses were performed to identify the metabolites according to the NIST database. As a result, over 170 signals were detected under normal living conditions including 35 potential metabolites. By the comparison of ozone-treated and non-treated samples, five compounds were selected to describe observed trends of signals in the contour plots. Oleic acid exhibited a slight growth by increasing ozone dosage. In contrast, other metabolites such as the amino acid l-proline showed less abundance after ozone treatment, which was more evident once ozone dosage was raised. Thus, this work could provide a hint for searching for up/downregulating factors in such environmental stress conditions for C. marina.