bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Submergence coefficient of full-width sharp-edged broad-crested rectangular weirs
Authors: Zachoval Zbyněk , Major Jakub , Roušar Ladislav , Rumann Ján , Šulc Jan , Jandora Jan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Full-width sharp-edged broad-crested rectangular weirs in the range 0.1 < h/L ≤ 0.3 situated in rectangular channels are frequently used in submerged flow conditions. To determine the discharge for the submerged flow, submergence coefficient and modular limit shall be known. This article deals with their determination upon a theoretic derivation and experimental research. The equation for modular limit has been determined from energy balance with simplifications. To validate it, extensive experimental research was carried out. However, the derived equation is too complicated for practical use which is why it was approximated by a simple equation applicable for the limited range. The equation for submergence coefficient was derived by modifying Villemonte’s application of the principle of superposition and its coefficients were determined using the data from experimental research of many authors. The new system of equations computes the discharge more accurately than other authors’ equations, with the error of approximately ±10% in full range of the measured data.
First description of histopathological lesions associated with a fatal infection of moose (Alces alces) with the liver fluke Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha Ejsmont, 1932
Authors: Filip-Hutsch Katarzyna , Hutsch Tomasz , Kolasa Szymon , Demiaszkiewicz Aleksander W. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction

Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha is a liver fluke typically parasitising moose in Central and Eastern Europe. The aim of our studies was to describe a case of fatal moose parafasciolopsosis, with special emphasis on the histopathological changes caused in the liver tissue by around 10,000 flukes.

Material and Methods
A male moose, found dead in Polesie National Park, eastern Poland, was subjected to parasitological necropsy. Macroscopic and histopathological examination of the liver was performed.

Results
Over 10,000 flukes identified as P. fasciolaemorpha were isolated from the liver parenchyma. Histopathological examination of the liver revealed the presence of multiple cavities, which were filled with flukes and cellular detritus and encysted with a layered capsule of connective tissue. Extensive liver fibrosis with signs of incomplete septal cirrhosis was also observed.

Conclusion
Parafasciolopsosis with accompanying diarrhoea was the most probable reason for the moose’s death. However, it is possible that most moose are able to survive extremely intensive P. fasciolaemorpha infection by formation of extensive fibrosis, which isolates flukes from the liver parenchyma and therefore retards the failure of the organ. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first histopathological description of changes in the liver of a moose infected with P. fasciolaemorpha.
The Machine Age of Marketing: How Artificial Intelligence Changes the Way People Think, Act, and Decide
Authors: Hildebrand Christian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Whatever your perception of AI is, the machine age of marketing has arrived. To fully grasp how AI is changing every fabric of both our professional and private lives, we need to abstract beyond the presence of autonomous cars, digital voice assistants, or using machines to translate some text for us. AI is creating new forms of competition, value chains, and novel ways of orchestrating economies around the world. AI is more than just technology, it’s creating a new economy. The fuel that runs this economy is the combination of computational processing power, data, and the algorithms that process this data.
AI has the potential to make our life easier, but this convenience might come at a price which we have to pay such as biases directly built-in to the algorithms we use, data privacy issues or failed AI projects in business practice. But without testing, failing, and learning from our failures, there
When Humanizing Customer Service Chatbots Might Backfire
Authors: Hadi Rhonda 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
More and more companies are using chatbots in customer service. Instead of with a human employee, customers interact with a machine. Many companies give these chatbots human traits through names, human-like appearances, a human voice or even character descriptions. Intuitively such a humanization strategy seems to be a good idea.
Studies show, however, that the humanization of chatbots is perceived in a nuanced way and can also backfire. Especially in the context of customer complaints, human-like chatbots can intensify negative reactions of angry customers, because their performance is judged more critically compared to non-humanized chatbot variants. Service managers should therefore consider very carefully whether and in which situations they should use humanized service chatbots.
Understanding Consumer Preferences from Social Media Data
Authors: Taylor Bradley 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Consumers produce enormous amounts of textual data of product reviews online. Artificial intelligence (AI) can help analyze this data and generate insights about consumer preferences and decision-making. A GfK research project tested how we can use AI to learn consumer preferences and predict choices from publicly available social media and review data. The common AI tool “Word Embeddings” was used and has shown to be a powerful way to analyze the words people use. It helped reveal consumers’ preferred brands, favorite features and main benefits. Language biases uncovered by the analysis can indicate preferences. Compared to actual sales data from GfK panels, they fit reasonably within various categories. Especially when data volumes were large, the method produced very accurate results. By using free, widespread online data it is completely passive, without affecting respondents or leading them into ranking or answering questions they would otherwise not even have thought of. The analysis is fast to run and no fancy processing power is needed.
Levels of Coordination in Early Semantic Development
Authors: Rączaszek-Leonardi Joanna , Rossmanith Nicole , Nomikou Iris , Rohlfing Katharina J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we show that early interaction can be seen as comprising of strands of coordinated activity on multiple levels and timescales. In tracing the development of such multilayered organization from an embodied and situated perspective, we underscore the role of the reliable presence of the structured environment, an enacted niche, supporting the segregation and integration of participatory interaction strands. This perspective allows us to study the development of social coordination not only in terms of development of individual skills but, crucially, as a change of participatory emergent patterns, a transformation in engagement. We illustrate this approach with some results from the collaborative research project on Early Semantic Development (EASE). Using qualitative microanalysis combined with quantitative dynamical time series analyses, we were able to demonstrate several layers of such organization: from local forms of coordination, such as basic informational coupling within a modality, and the emergence of specific social affordances, to more global co-action structures such as affect imbued ‘action arcs’ – dynamic action contours with a beginning, build-up, climax and resolution, co-enacted by participants. Pointing to future work, we underscore the potential of these global structures to contribute to the emergence of more complex interactions, such as composite activities within ‘pragmatic frames’, narratives, or language.
Parent-Child Conversations About Biological Kinds as a Potential Contributor to the Variability in Biological Knowledge
Authors: Tarłowski Andrzej 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThere is a growing body of research on variability in the early development of biological knowledge. Most of the studies focus on the variability related to culture and direct exposure to nature, however, there is also data suggesting that parental input plays an important role. In children’s first years of life, parents play a key role in scaffolding development. It is therefore very important to provide a detailed account of how parents contribute to children’s understanding of living things, and how they convey biological knowledge through everyday conversations. The present article provides a review of the literature on variability in biological knowledge and parent-child conversations about biological kinds. It also presents original data from parent-child interactions while viewing picture books. Eighteen parent-child dyads who differed in the level of parental expertise within biology, talked while viewing books containing 24 photographs of animals and plants. The speech analysis specified labeling, perceptual and conceptual descriptions, relational, and mentalistic talk. Parents also completed a questionnaire on the child’s interests. The results showed that biology expert families produced more content overall, and a higher proportion of relational content than lay families. The findings help elucidate the specific role parents have in shaping children’s early biological understanding. In particular, I discuss the role of relational language in shaping children’s ontological commitments.
Children’s Mental State Talk, Empathy, and Attachments to Companion Animals
Authors: Bosacki Sandra , Tardif-Williams Christine 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Children’s emotional and mental worlds are often influenced by their experiences with companion animals. This study explored 77 (50 g; 27 b) 6- to 12-year-old children’s empathy; perceived companion animal friendship, comfort, and bonding; and mental state talk in conversations about their interactions with their companion animal. Children completed self-report questionnaires and responded to two moral stories about companion animals. Results showed that higher levels of children’s mental state talk were related with high levels of empathy for companion animals. Compared to boys, girls reported significantly stronger companion animal friendships, and that they received more comfort from their companion animals. Results also showed that, for girls only, higher levels of perceived companion animal friendship were related to higher levels of emotional comfort received. The findings can inform humane education programs that promote mental state talk, moral agency, and relationships.
Capturing Endothelial Cells by Coronary Stents - From Histology to Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Tomasevic Miloje , Rakocevic Jelena , Dobric Milan , Aleksandric Srđan , Labudovic Milica 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Introduction of drug-eluting stents (DES) in the therapy of patients with coronary artery disease resulted in the significant reduction of in-stent restenosis compared to bare-metal stent (BMS) treatment. However, the high incidence of late stent thrombosis with DES emerged as one of the safety concerns after their implantation. Enhancing stent endothelization by improved early healing and neointimal strut coverage emerged as possible solution for this late complication. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) capturing stents are designed to promote in situ endothelization with immobilized, antihuman, anti-CD34 antibodies attached to the luminal stent surface. Anti-CD34 antibodies target and capture EPC from circulation, which further differentiate into vascular endothelial cells and form functional endothelial layer on the stent surface. These cells are also capable of secreting pro-angiogenic factors that stimulate local endothelial cells to proliferate and migrate. Preclinical and clinical studies proved feasibility, efficacy and safety of EPC capturing stents in stable and high-risk patients with coronary artery disease. Rapid and extensive endothelization of EPC capturing stents translated into favorable profile of clinical outcomes, comparable to efficacy of BMSs and DESs. Therefore, we here present the most important results from the experimental and clinical studies that explored ECP capturing strategy to enhance endothelization, reduce the incidence of instent thrombosis and improve outcomes of patients with coronary artery disease, along with the future perspectives in this promising therapeutic approach.
The Zariski Topology on the Graded Primary Spectrum Over Graded Commutative Rings
Authors: Al-Zoubi Khaldoun , Jaradat Malik 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Let G be a group with identity e and let R be a G-graded ring. A proper graded ideal P of R is called a graded primary ideal if whenever rgsh∈P, we have rg∈ P or sh∈ Gr(P), where rg,sg∈ h(R). The graded primary spectrum p.Specg
(R) is defined to be the set of all graded primary ideals of R.In this paper, we define a topology on p.Specg
(R), called Zariski topology, which is analogous to that for Specg
(R), and investigate several properties of the topology.
A Short Proof of Alienation of Additivity from Quadraticity
Authors: Ger Roman 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Without the use of pexiderized versions of abstract polynomials theory, we show that on 2-divisible groups the functional equation

f

(

x
+
y

)

+
g

(

x
+
y

)

+
g

(

x
-
y

)

=
f
(
x
)
+
f
(
y
)
+
2
g
(
x
)
+
2
g
(
y
)

f\left( {x + y} \right) + g\left( {x + y} \right) + g\left( {x - y} \right) = f(x) + f(y) + 2g(x) + 2g(y)

forces the unknown functions f and g to be additive and quadratic, respectively, modulo a constant.
Motivated by the observation that the equation

f

(

x
+
y

)

+
f
(

x

2

)
=
f
(
x
)
+
f
(
y
)
+
f
(

x

2

)

f\left( {x + y} \right) + f({x^2}) = f(x) + f(y) + f({x^2})

implies both the additivity and multiplicativity of f, we deal also with the alienation phenomenon of equations in a single and several variables.
A Three Dimensional Modification of the Gaussian Number Field
Authors: Haluška Ján , Jastrzębska Małgorzata 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
For vectors in E
3 we introduce an associative, commutative and distributive multiplication. We describe the related algebraic and geometrical properties, and hint some applications.
Based on properties of hyperbolic (Clifford) complex numbers, we prove that the resulting algebra 𝕋 is an associative algebra over a field and contains a subring isomorphic to hyperbolic complex numbers. Moreover, the algebra 𝕋 is isomorphic to direct product ℂ×ℝ, and so it contains a subalgebra isomorphic to the Gaussian complex plane.
How to Obtain Maximal and Minimal Subranges of Two-Dimensional Vector Measures
Authors: Legut Jerzy , Wilczyński Maciej 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Let (X, ℱ) be a measurable space with a nonatomic vector measure µ =(µ
1, µ
2). Denote by R(Y) the subrange R(Y)= {µ(Z): Z ∈ ℱ, Z ⊆ Y }. For a given p ∈ µ(ℱ) consider a family of measurable subsets ℱ
p
= {Z ∈ ℱ : µ(Z)= p}. Dai and Feinberg proved the existence of a maximal subset Z* ∈ Fp
having the maximal subrange R(Z*) and also a minimal subset M* ∈ ℱ
p
with the minimal subrange R(M*). We present a method of obtaining the maximal and the minimal subsets. Hence, we get simple proofs of the results of Dai and Feinberg.
On Functions of Bounded (φ, k)-Variation
Authors: Leiva Hugo , Merentes Nelson , Rivas Sergio T. , Sánchez José , Wróbel Małgorzata 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Given a φ-function φ and k ∈ ℕ, we introduce and study the concept of (φ, k)-variation in the sense of Riesz of a real function on a compact interval. We show that a function u :[a, b] → ℝ has a bounded (φ, k)-variation if and only if u
(

k−

1) is absolutely continuous on [a, b]and u
(

k

) belongs to the Orlicz class L φ
[a, b]. We also show that the space generated by this class of functions is a Banach space. Our approach simultaneously generalizes the concepts of the Riesz φ-variation, the de la Vallée Poussin second-variation and the Popoviciu kth variation.
On One Application of Infinite Systems of Functional Equations in Function Theory
Authors: Serbenyuk Symon 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper presents the investigation of applications of infinite systems of functional equations for modeling functions with complicated local structure that are defined in terms of the nega-˜Q-representation. The infinite systems of functional equations

f

(

φ
ˆ

k

(
x
)

)

=

β
˜

i

k
+
1

,
k
+
1
+

p
˜

i

k
+
1

,
k
+
1
f

(

φ
ˆ

k
+
1

(
x
)

)

,

f\left( {{{\hat \varphi }^k}(x)} \right) = \tilde \beta {i_{k + 1}},k + 1 + \tilde p{i_{k + 1}},k + 1f\left( {{{\hat \varphi }^{k + 1}}(x)} \right),

where

x
=

Δ

i

1

(
x
)

i

2

(
x
)
…

i

n

(
x
)
…

-

Q
˜

x = \Delta _{{i_1}(x){i_2}(x) \ldots {i_n}(x) \ldots }^{ - \tilde Q}

, and φ ̑ is the shift operator of the Q̃-expansion, are investigated. It is proved that the system has a unique solution in the class of determined and bounded on [0, 1] functions. Its analytical presentation is founded. The continuity of the solution is studied. Conditions of its monotonicity and nonmonotonicity, differential, and integral properties are studied. Conditions under which the solution of the system of functional equations is a distribution function of the random variable

η
=

Δ

ξ

1

ξ
2
…

ξ

n

…

Q
˜

\eta = \Delta _{{\xi _1}\,\xi 2 \ldots {\xi _n} \ldots }^{\tilde Q}

with independent Q̃-symbols are founded.
A matter of Motivation - The Effects of Risk Preference and Task Complexity on the Auditor’s Motivation
Authors: Haid Marco , Graschitz Sabine , Heimerl Peter 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article examines whether and how several audit-specific attributes influence auditor’s motivation. Following the literature, the research project focuses mainly on the impact of risk preference, task complexity and the liability situation in this issue. A 2x2 mixed-subjects case-based experiment was conducted to gain data for in-depth insights. In sum 209 master students with a major in accounting and auditing participated in the experiment. The results indicate that increased risk aversion leads to a higher observed task motivation. Regarding the task complexity, data analysis shows that increasing task complexity lowers auditor’s motivation. This study contributes to the stream of judgment and decision making literature and offers new insights in to the relationship and dependence of inherent auditor-specific factors.
Mutational spectrum in breast cancer associated BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Colombia
Authors: Briceño-Balcázar Ignacio , Gómez-Gutiérrez Alberto , Díaz-Dussán Natalia Andrea , Noguera-Santamaría María Claudia , Díaz-Rincón Diego , Casas-Gómez María Consuelo 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: The risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer is higher in families that carry mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, and timely mutation detection is critical.Objective: To identify the presence of mutations in the Colombian population and evaluate two testing strategies.Methods: From a total universe of 853 individual blood samples tests referred for BRCA1 and BRCA2 typing, 256 cases were analyzed by complete direct sequencing of both genes in Myriad Genetics, and the remaining 597 cases were studied by partial sequencing based on founder mutations in a PCR test designed by ourselves ("Profile Colombia").Results: We found 107 patients carrying deleterious mutations in this group of patients, 69 (64.5%) located in BRCA1, and 38 (35.5%) in BRCA2. Overall, we detected 39 previously unreported mutations in Colombia (22 in BRCA1 and 17 in BRCA2) and only 4 out of the 6 previously reported founder mutations. Sixty four out of 597 patients (10.7%) studied by "Profile Colombia" showed mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2, and 41/256 patients (16%) showed mutations by complete BRCA1-BRCA2 sequencing.Conclusions: The spectrum of 44 different mutations in Colombia as detected in our study is broader than the one previously reported for this country. "Profile Colombia" is a useful screening test to establish both founder and new mutations (detection rate of 10.7%) in cases with family history of breast cancer. Complete sequencing shows a detection rate of 16.0%, and should complement the study of the genetic basis of this disease.
Zidovudina/Lamivudina vs Abacavir/Lamivudina vs Tenofovir/Emtricitabina en combinaciones de dosis fija como tratamiento inicial en pacientes con VIH: revisión sistemática y metanálisis en red
Authors: Alzate Angel Juan Carlos , Duque Molina Marcela María , García García Héctor Iván 
Published: November 2019

Introducción: El tratamiento inicial de la infección por VIH se basa en el uso de tres medicamentos, dos de ellos inhibidores de transcriptasa reversa análogos de nucleósido. Existen tres combinaciones de estos medicamentos aprobadas por diferentes guías, con resultados divergentes en cuanto a eficacia y seguridad.Objetivo: Comparar la eficacia y seguridad de las 3 combinaciones. Métodos: Revisión sistemática y metanálisis en red de ensayos clínicos con asignación aleatoria comparando dosis fijas de Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarato/Emtricitabina (TDF/FTC), Abacavir/Lamivudina (ABC/3TC) y Zidovudina/Lamivudina (ZDV/3TC).Resultados: Siete ensayos clínicos cumplieron los criterios de elegibilidad. Los resultados sugirieron mayor eficacia con TDF/FTC vs ABC/3TC a 96 semanas y vs. ZDV/3TC a 48 semanas. Sin embargo, existe heterogeneidad clínica y estadística. Se realizó análisis de subgrupos por tercer medicamento y por nivel de carga viral previa al tratamiento, sin encontrar diferencias en control virológico. Se pudo realizar metanálisis en red con TDF/FTC vs ZDV/3TC y proporción de pacientes con respuesta virológica, sin diferencias a las 48 semanas ni 96 semanas. Las comparaciones directas evidenciaron mayor riesgo de supresión de médula ósea de ZDV/3TC vs TDF/FTC y de reacciones de hipersensibilidad de ABC/3TC vs ZDV/3TC.Conclusión: Los resultados no demostraron diferencias en efectividad entre las intervenciones; sin embargo, debido a heterogeneidad en cuanto al tercer medicamento y el tiempo de seguimiento entre los estudios incluidos, dicho resultado no es definitivo. Los resultados plantean la necesidad de realizar nuevos estudios que ayuden a mejorar las recomendaciones de tratamiento en los pacientes infectados por el VIH.