bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of gray matter microstructural changes in Alzheimer’s disease continuum using fiber orientation
Authors: Lee Peter , Kim Hang-Rai , Jeong Yong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
There have been several magnetic resonance (MR) imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) for early diagnosis. Cortical mean diffusivity (MD) is one of them for the study of the cortical microstructural change in AD. However, the feasibility of MD often remains in doubt as partial volume effects may overestimate the results. This study aims to investigate feasible gray matter microstructural biomarker with higher sensitivity for early AD detection. We propose diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measure, ‘radiality’, for early AD biomarker. It is a dot product between cortical surface normal vector and primary diffusion direction, which reflects the fiber orientation within the cortical column.
Here, we gathered neuroimages from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database: 78 cognitive normal, 50 early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), 34 late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI), and 39 AD patients. Then, we evaluated cortical thickness (CTh), MD, amount of amyloid and tau accumulations using positron emission tomography (PET), which are conventional AD biomarkers. Radiality was projected on gray matter surface to compare and validate the changes along other neuroimage biomarkers.
Results showed decreased radiality primarily in entorhinal, insula, frontal and temporal cortex as disease progresses onward. Especially, radiality could delineate the difference between cognitive normal and EMCI group while other biomarkers could not. We looked into the relationship between the radiality and other biomarkers to validate its pathological evidence in AD. Overall, radiality showed high association with conventional biomarkers. Additional ROI analysis exhibits dynamics of AD related changes as stages onward.
In conclusion, radiality in cortical gray matter showed AD specific changes and relevance with other conventional AD biomarkers with higher sensitivity. Besides, it could show group differences in early AD changes from EMCI which show advantage for early diagnosis than using conventional biomarkers. We provide the evidence of structure changes with cognitive impairment and suggest radiality as a sensitive biomarker for early AD.
Association of glucose variability with postoperative delirium in acute aortic dissection patients: an observational study
Authors: Lin Yanjuan , Lin Ling-Yu , Peng Yan-Chun , Zhang Hao-Ruo , Chen Liang-wan , Huang Xi-Zhen , Chen Qiong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

Blood glucose variability is associated with poor prognosis after cardiac surgery, but the relationship between glucose variability and postoperative delirium in patients with acute aortic dissection is unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of blood glucose variability with postoperative delirium in acute aortic dissection patients.
Methods

We prospectively analyzed 257 patients including 103 patients with delirium. The patients was categorized into two groups according to whether delirium was present. The outcome measures were postoperative delirium, the length of Intensive Care Unit stay and the duration of hospital stay. Multivariable Cox competing risk survival models was used to assess.
Results

A total of 257 subjects were enrolled, including 103 patients with delirium. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, body mass index, first admission blood glucose, white blood cell counts, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, hypoxemia, mechanical ventilation duration and the length of Intensive Care Unit stay (P < 0.05). The median of mean of blood glucose and standard deviation of blood glucose were higher in the delirium group than in the non-delirium group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In model 1, the adjusted hazard ratio of standard deviation of blood glucose was 1.436 (P < 0.05). In Model 2, the SDBG (AHR = 1.418, 95% CI = 1.195–1.681, P < 0.05) remained significant after adjusting for confounders (P < 0.05). The area under curve of the SDBG ROC was 0.763 (95% CI = 0.704–0.821, P < 0.01). The sensitivity was 81.6%, and the specificity was 57.8%.
Conclusions

Glucose variability is associated with the risk of delirium in patients after aortic dissection surgery, and high glycemic variability increases the risk of postoperative delirium.
Supporting rural citizens to participate in healthcare activities and interprofessional collaboration: Effects of an intervention in Japanese communities
Authors: Ohta Ryuichi , Ryu Yoshinori , Kitayuguchi Jun , Gomi Tetsunosuke , Katsube Takuji , Könings Karen D 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background To receive high-quality healthcare, citizens should actively participate in public healthcare programs and share decision-making with medical professionals, especially in rural areas; this requires support for citizens in the form of education. Few studies examine educational interventions’ effects on rural citizens’ motivation to participate in public healthcare efforts or interprofessional collaboration (IPC) perceptions. Thus, the current study investigates rural citizens’ participation and difficulties faced in healthcare efforts and educational intervention effects.Methods As a quasi-experimental, mixed-methods study, 277 (156=intervention group; 121=control group) rural Japanese participants were surveyed before and after a healthcare workshop, and scores were compared. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with 17 participants post-workshop. The contents of the interviewed were analyzed based on the framework of thematic analysis.Results Regarding pretest–posttest difference, intervention-group participants scored significantly higher regarding participating in planning and managing self-care than control-group participants (p=0.001 and p=0.014, respectively); there was no difference regarding having a dialogue with healthcare staff and sharing knowledge. Interviews revealed three themes: ability to manage health conditions, relationship with medical professionals, and relationship among citizens. Participants reported difficulties in judging symptoms and communicating with medical professionals. Hierarchy and citizens’ low motivation to participate in IPC hindered collaboration. Furthermore, community conditions, including weakening relationships, privacy issues, and social norms, affected healthcare behaviors. Conclusions Educational interventions emphasizing healthcare and IPC may positively impact rural citizens’ healthcare perceptions. However, citizens may experience difficulties changing their community conditions, enhancing limited healthcare knowledge/skills, and maintaining good relationships with medical professionals and other citizens. Both continuous educational information and interventions and dialogue among medical professionals and rural citizens should be promoted.
Reducing Veterans' Risk for Suicidal Behaviors: A Qualitative Study to Inform Development of the RECLAIM Health Promotion Program
Authors: Shue Sarah , Brosmer Jayme , Matthias Marianne 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background In an effort to reduce the high rate of suicide among post-9/11 veterans, a collaborative team within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has developed a holistic community-based health promotion program designed to facilitate social and self-connectedness. The purpose of this study was to elicit veteran and stakeholder feedback to prepare the program for piloting and implementation.Methods Focus groups and interviews were conducted with post-9/11 veterans and veteran stakeholders (e.g., VA clinicians) to elicit feedback regarding the health promotion program. Focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Qualitative thematic analysis identified key themes emerging from the focus groups and interviews.Results Seven focus groups (3 Veteran groups, 4 stakeholder groups) and 3 interviews (2 Veterans, 1 stakeholder) were conducted with 41 participants (14 veterans, 27 stakeholders). Overall, participants had a positive perception of the program. Thematic analysis revealed shared perspectives that provided insight into 1) enhancing program recruitment and retention, 2) the perceived ability of a health promotion program to provide more holistic, veteran-centered care, and 3) using health promotion programs to help veterans establish structure in their daily lives.Conclusions Findings indicated an overall acceptance of the program, and participants’ perspectives on how to reduce barriers and enhance facilitators can inform the development of a larger-scale health promotion program that can be tested through future research. While discussion questions were specifically focused on the program in this study, findings can be considered more broadly for the design and implementation of related programs to effectively improve the health and wellness of post-9/11 veterans.
Production and verification of the first Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) clonal lines
Authors: Hansen Tom Johnny , Penman David , Glover Kevin Alan , Fraser Thomas , Vågseth Tone , Thorsen Anders , Sørvik Anne Grete Eide , Fjelldal Per Gunnar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background

In several fish species homozygous and heterozygous clonal lines have been produced using gynogenetic and androgenetic techniques. These lines are standardized and can be reproduced over generations. In rainbow trout such lines have existed for decades and has become important research tools in genome studies as well as in studies of commercially important traits. The Atlantic salmon is one of the best studied fish species globally, but all experiments are done on fish of wild or domesticated origin and access to standardized immortal fish lines would be of great benefit. Here, we describe the protocols developed to produce mitotic gynogenes, and from these the first clonal lines in Atlantic salmon.
Results

Atlantic salmon eggs fertilized with UV irradiated sperm combined with a pressure shock applied at 4700–4800 minC at 8 oC gave all homozygous (doubled haploid) gynogenetic progeny with high survival. From the six first maturing females, five all homozygous clonal lines were produced by meiotic gynogenesis and were verified as clonal and identical to their mother with microsatellite markers.
Conclusions

We have now produced the first documented cloned Atlantic salmon lines. This work demonstrates the potential for production of further Atlantic salmon clonal lines, potentially with distinct characteristics. Such lines will provide an important resource for further elucidation of phenotypic and genetic traits in this globally important species.
Elevated TG/HDL-C and Non-HDL-C/HDL-C Ratios Predict Mortality in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Xia Wenkai , Yao Xiajuan , Chen Yan , Lin Jie , Vielhauer Volker , Hu Hong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and Aims:
Dyslipidemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease and particular prevalent in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis. However, whether markers of atherogenic dyslipidemia correlate with outcomes in dialysis patients as in the general population is uncertain. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of the serum triglyceride/HDL cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio in peritoneal dialysis patients to predict all-cause mortality.
Methods
214 PD patients were retrospectively analyzed from January 2011 to December 2015, with a median follow-up of 59 months. We used receiver operating curves (ROC) to determine the optimal threshold for TG/HDL-C and non-HDL/HDL-C ratios at baseline to predict OS during follow-up. Prognostic values were accessed by univariate and multivariate COX regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier curve. A predictive nomogram was developed to predict prognosis for overall survival, and the predictive accuracy was evaluated by concordance index (c-index).
Results
The optimal cut-off values for TG/HDL-C ratio and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio were 1.94 and 2.86, respectively. A high TG/HDL-C ratio and a high non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio strongly correlated with worse OS in PD patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that elevated TG/HDL-C ratio as well as non-HDL/HDL-C ratios were independent markers to predict reduced OS. The TG/HDL-C ratio (HR 2.60, 95% CI 1.40–4.83, P = 0.002) was superior to non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio based on hazard ratio (HR 2.43, 95% CI 1.09–5.40, P = 0.029).
Conclusion
TG/HDL-C ratio and non-HDL-C/HDL-C were identified as potential prognostic biomarkers in PD patients. The proposed nomograms can be utilized for prediction of OS in PD patients.
Cloning, expression, and functional characterization of an organophosphates insecticides degrading gene (opdC) from a potential probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum WCP931
Authors: Haque Md. Azizul , Lee Hee Yul , Cho Du Yong , Lee Jin Hwan , Hwang Chung Eun , Cho Kye Man 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
An organophosphorus (OP) insecticides degrading strain Lactobacillus plantarum WCP931, harboring OP hydrolase (OpdC) gene, was isolated during kimchi fermentation. The strain WCP931 appeared a significant survival rate of 51 to 96% under the artificial gastric acidic condition at pH 2 to 3 after 3 h. The opdC gene consisting 831 bp encoding 276 amino acids was cloned from the strain WCP907. The recombinant Escherischia coli harboring opdC gene depleted 77% chlorpyrifos (CP) in M9 medium after 6 days of incubation. The OpdC enzyme represents a novel member of GHSQG family of esterolytic enzymes or new Opd group. The OpdC molecular mass was estimated to be approximately 31 kDa in SDS-PAGE and showed maximum activity at 40 οC with pH 6. However, the mutated OpdC (Ser116 → Ala116) enzyme had no activity towards OP insecticides and ρ-nitrophenol-β-butyrate. Importantly, relative activity of OpdC against P-O bond insecticides was higher than P-S bond insecticide, which indicated its broad substrate specificity. It is suggested that opdC gene of strain WCP931 play role for the biodegradation of OP insecticides during kimchi fermentation.
Early post-stress decrease in cardiac performance by impedance cardiography and its relationship to the severity and extent of ischemia by myocardial perfusion imaging
Authors: Goldkorn Ronen , Naimushin Alexey , Rozen Eli , Freimark Dov 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
While single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is a well-established noninvasive procedure for the evaluation of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), it is unable to detect the presence of, or underestimates the extent of CAD in certain patients. We aimed to show that a bio-impedance device can detect early post-stress changes in several hemodynamic parameters, thereby serving as a potential marker for the presence of significant ischemia.
Methods
Prospectively enrolled patients, referred to our Medical Center for clinically-indicated MPI, underwent testing using a Non-Invasive Cardiac System (NICaS) before and immediately after exercise. The differences between rest and stress hemodynamic parameters were compared with the severity and extent of myocardial ischemia by MPI. The study included 198 patients; mean age was 62 years, 26% were women, 54% had hypertension, and 29% diabetes mellitus. Of them, 188 patients had ≤ 10%, and 10 had > 10% of myocardial ischemia.
Results
In the first group, there was a significantly greater increase in post-exercise stroke index, stroke work index, cardiac index and cardiac power index (19.2%, 29.1%, 90.5% and 107%, respectively) compared with the second group (-2.7%, 3.8%, 43.7% and 53.5%, respectively), as well as a significantly greater decrease in total peripheral resistance index (-38.7% compared with − 16.3%), with corresponding p values of 0.015, 0.017, 0.040, 0.016, and < 0.001, respectively.
Conclusions
Our data suggest that immediate post-stress changes in several hemodynamic parameters, detected by the NICaS, can be used as an important adjunct to SPECT MPI for the early detection of myocardial ischemia.
The correlation between Aromatase (CYP19A1) and Bladder cancer in Chinese Han Population
Authors: Zhang Shufang , Zhang Chong , Wen Xiaohong , Wang Shunlan , He Haowei , Zheng Linlin , Chen Mei , Wang Fei 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSeveral P450 metabolic enzymes genes have been discovered that affect the genetic susceptibility of bladder cancer. While, there is no report about CYP19A1 gene polymorphism on the susceptibility of bladder cancer. So, we performed a case–control study to investigate the association between polymorphisms in CYP19A1 gene and the susceptibility to bladder cancer in Chinese Han population.Materials:Five SNPs were selected and genotyped in 217 patients and 550 healthy controls. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by logistic regression adjusted for age and gender.ResultsWe found that CYP19A1 rs4646 “A” allele and rs17601876 “GA” genotype added the risk of bladder cancer (rs4646: OR = 1.28, 95%CI: 1.01 - 1.62, p = 0.043; rs17601876: OR= 1.64, 95%CI: 1.17 – 2.29, p = 0.004 ), while with rs6493487 “G” and rs1062033 “G” allele in CYP19A1 gene reduced the risk of bladder cancer (rs6493487: OR = 0.68, 95%CI: 0.51 - 0.89, p = 0.005; rs1062033: OR = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.28 - 0.47, p = 9.09E-16). WHO grade stratified analysis shown that rs6493487 (OR =0.42, 95%CI: 0.23 – 0.76, p = 0.004) and rs17601876 (OR =0.44, 95%CI: 0.23 – 0.85, p = 0.015) reduced the risk of bladder cancer with WHO III-IV, when compared with the bladder cancer with WHO I-II. Age stratified analysis shown that rs4646 “A”, rs6493487 “G”, and rs1062033 “G” allele were associated with bladder cancer risk.ConclusionOur results suggested that the Aromatase CYP19A1 gene has potential roles in the genetic susceptibility to bladder cancer.
The Impact Of The Vaginal And Endometrial Microbiome Pattern On Assisted Reproduction Outcomes
Authors: Carratala Concepcion , Martínez María Carmen Díaz , García Andrea Bernabeu , Bosch Belén Lledó , Rico José Antonio Quesada , García Francisca M. Lozano , Cámara Vicente Ruiz , Sabater Ruth Morales , Aparicio Joaquín LLácer , Morro Jorge Ten , Farfán Juan Carlos Castillo , Arnedo Adoración Rodríguez , Renau Belén Moliner , Pérez Rafael Bernabeu 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:The vaginal microbiome plays an important role in maintaining health, and there is evidence that microbial colonization of the upper genital tract can also influence successful embryo transfer. The aim of this study is to determine whether the vaginal and endometrial microbiome in people undergoing assisted reproduction techniques could affect the pregnancy rate.Results:Regarding the microbiome dynamics during the cycle, we observed a decrease in alpha diversity from the follicular to luteal phase in the control group, in contrast to a stable pattern in the repetitive implantation failure group. As for endometrial and vaginal microbiome, alpha diversity was higher in the endometrium (Shannon p = 0.0139, Simpson p = 0.046); differences were also observed in beta diversity (p = 0.001). Compared to the endometrium, the vagina showed a greater relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. (83.17% vs 84.82%, p < 0.0001), Streptococcus spp. (1.59% vs 7.74%, p = 0.014) and Ureaplasma spp. (0% vs. 0.89%, p = 0.006), and a lower abundance of Delftia spp. (0.95% vs 0%, p = 0.0003), Anaerobacillus spp. (1.59% vs 0%, p = 0.0004), and Ralstonia spp. (3.17% vs 0%, p = 0.0006). We also observed differences in both alpha diversity (Shannon p = 0.0206, Simpson p = 0.0206) and beta diversity between groups, along with differences for Ralstonia spp. (0.09% study group and 0.73% control, p = 0.0012). Finally, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. differed between patients that did not versus did achieve pregnancy (91% vs 99%, p = 0.0445 visit 1, 94.63% vs. 97.69%, p = 0.0268 visit 2, 97.73% vs 99.74%, p = 0.0492 visit 3). The relative abundance of L.reuteri was also different between groups (0.39% vs 0.17%, p = 0.0397 visit 1, 0.15% vs 0.30%, p = 0.0491 visit 3).Conclusions:The vaginal and endometrial microbiome pattern correlates with the pregnancy rate, and it is different in patients who do versus do not have repetitive implantation failures. No significant differences in the composition of the microbiome were observed through the different visits. The lack of dynamism in the microbiome pattern of repetitive implantation failure patients might reflect an impaired adaptation to endometrial changes. A greater relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. and L. reuteri is correlated with higher chances of pregnancy.*MC Díaz Martínez and A Bernabeu García share equal responsibility for authorship.
Usefulness of Recovery services promoting personal recovery among Adults living with Severe Mental illness – A Comprehensive Integrative Review
Authors: Badu Eric , O’Brien Anthony Paul , Mitchell Rebecca 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: There is increasing call regarding recovery services but little review have been undertaken regarding such services. This integrative review aimed to identify and synthesize evidence on the usefulness of recovery services used to promote personal recovery among adults living with severe mental illness. Methods: A search of the published literature was conducted using: Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus. Mixed methods synthesis was used to analyse the data. The search was limited to papers published in English from January 2008 to January 2020. The review integrated both qualitative and quantitative data into a single synthesis. Results: Out of 40 included papers, 62.5 %( 25/40) used Quantitative data, 32.5% used Qualitative and 5 %( 2/40) used mixed methods. The review identified three recovery services such as integrated recovery model, vocational rehabilitation (Individual Placement Services), as well as recovery narrative photovoice and art-making services. The recovery services are useful in areas such as medication and treatment adherence, improvement in functioning, symptoms, physical health & social behaviour, self-efficacy, economic empowerment, social inclusion, household integration and access to support services. Conclusions: The evidence on recovery services focused largely on integrated rehabilitation and individual placement services, with a few studies implementing recovery narrative photovoice and art-making services. Mental health professionals are encouraged to implement the identified recovery services to improve the personal recovery goals of consumers.