bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive Implications and Management of Congenital Uterine Anomalies
Authors: Akhtar MA , Saravelos SH , Li TC , Jayaprakasan K ,   the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
Published: November 2019

Plain language summaryCongenital uterine anomalies (CUAs) are malformations of the womb that develop during fetal life. When a baby girl is in her mother’s womb, her womb develops as two separate halves from two tubular structures called ‘müllerian ducts’, which fuse together before she is born. Abnormalities that occur during the baby’s development can be variable from complete absence of a womb through to more subtle anomalies, which are classified into specific categories. While conventional ultrasound is good in screening for CUAs, 3D ultrasound is used to confirm a diagnosis. If a complex womb abnormality is suspected, MRI scanning may also be used, with a combination of laparoscopy in which a camera is inserted into the cavity of the abdomen, and hysteroscopy, when the camera is placed in the womb cavity. As there can be a link between CUAs and abnormalities of the kidney and bladder, scans of these organs are also usually requested.Although CUAs are present at birth, adult women typically do not have any symptoms, although some may experience painful periods. Most cases of CUA do not cause a woman to have difficulty in becoming pregnant and the outcome of pregnancy is good. However, these womb anomalies are often discovered during investigations for infertility or miscarriage. Moreover, depending upon the type and severity of CUA, there may be increased risk of first and second trimester miscarriages, preterm birth, poor growth of the baby in the mother’s womb (fetal growth restriction), pre‐eclampsia and difficult positioning of the baby for birth (fetal malpresentation). Surgical treatment is only recommended to a woman who has had recurrent miscarriages and has a septate uterus, i.e., the womb cavity is divided by a partition. In this case, surgery may improve her chances for a successful pregnancy, although the risks of surgery, especially scarring of the womb should be considered. However, further evidence from randomised controlled trials are required to provide conclusive evidence‐based recommendations for surgical treatment for septate uterus. Surgical treatment for other types of CUAs is not usually recommended as the risks outweigh potential benefits, and evidence for any benefits is lacking. Women with CUAs may be at an increased risk of preterm birth even after surgical treatment for a septate uterus. These women, if suspected to be at an increased risk of preterm birth based on the severity of CUA, should be followed up using an appropriate protocol for preterm birth as outlined in UK Preterm Birth Clinical Network Guidance.1>
A Comparative Study of the Effects of Ultrafiltration Membranes and Storage on Phytochemical and Color Properties of Mulberry Juice
Authors: Li Fuhua , Yan Huiming , Li Weizhou , Zhao Jichun , Ming Jian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe investigated the influence of both the clarification by ultrafiltration membranes with 100 or 18 kDa molar weight cut‐off (MWCO) and subsequent storage on phenolic properties and color of mulberry juice (MJ). Results showed that clarification by the ultrafiltration membrane with 100 kDa MWCO elevated levels of total polyphenols (↑11.4%), total monomeric anthocyanins (↑87.7%), phenolic acids and flavonoids (↑10‐64%), thus leading to enhanced antioxidant activity (↑twofolds) and α‐glucosidase inhibitory rate (↑23.3%), as well as redness (↑37.9%), which were sharply decreased in the clarified MJ by the ultrafiltration membrane with 18 kDa MWCO. MJ pretreated by the membrane with 100 kDa MWCO exhibited better storage stability than the other two juices. Hence, the ultrafiltration membrane with 100 kDa MWCO has great potential in juice clarification for purpose of enrichment of phenolic compounds, and enhancement of bioactive activities and storage stability.Practical ApplicationMulberry juice has many health benefits related to phenolic compounds. Clarification is necessary to obtain a bright, clear juice and improves juice taste, thus making a favorable first impression on consumer. Ultrafiltration membrane with 100 kDa MWCO is recommended in mulberry juice processing, since it helps to enrich phenolic compounds, and enhance bioactive activities and sensory quality of mulberry juice.
Influence of Packaging Oxygen Transmission Rate on Physical Characteristics of Frozen Cooked Rice Under Various Freezing Conditions
Authors: Cho Chi Heung , Lee Hyun‐Gyu , Jeong Suyeon , Yoo SeungRan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe influence of packaging oxygen transmission rate (OTR; 0, 3,000, 5,000, 7,000, and 20,000 [mL/m2]/day) on cooked rice quality factors, including freezing rate and time, moisture content, color parameters, texture characteristics, and morphology, were evaluated. Cooked rice was frozen at −20 and −80 °C using packaging with different OTRs for 14 days. Freezing rates in packaging with lower OTRs (0, 3,000, and 5,000 [mL/m2]/day) were higher than those in packaging with higher OTRs. The moisture content of cooked rice was the highest in OTR 5,000 packaging under all experimental conditions. Lightness (L*) and total color difference (ΔE) values were the highest in OTR 20,000 packaging, whereas ΔE values were the lowest in OTR 5,000 packaging. Hardness and cohesiveness of frozen cooked rice gradually increased from OTR 0 to 5,000 but decreased from OTR 5,000 to 20,000. Morphology was distinct in all conditions and at all OTRs. Thus, we confirmed that the OTR of packaging influences the physical characteristics of frozen cooked rice. Therefore, packaging OTR should be considered when seeking to improve the quality of frozen cooked rice.Practical ApplicationPackaging oxygen transmission rate (OTR) influenced quality characteristics of frozen cooked rice under various freezing conditions. Cooked rice frozen in packaging with lower OTRs (0, 3,000, and 5,000 [mL/m2]/day) showed higher freezing rates, higher moisture content, shorter freezing times, smaller ice crystal formation, homogeneous pore distribution, and lower total color differences (ΔE) than did cooked rice frozen in packaging with higher OTRs (7,000 and 20,000 [mL/m2]/day). Packaging OTR influences frozen cooked rice quality characteristics, and should therefore be carefully considered when designing rice products.
Cocaine and chronic stress exposure produce an additive increase in neuronal activity in the basolateral amygdala
Authors: Munshi Soumyabrata , Rosenkranz J. Amiel , Caccamise Aaron , Wolf Marina E. , Corbett Claire M. , Loweth Jessica A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCocaine addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder. Stress and cues related to cocaine are two common relapse triggers. We have recently shown that exposure to repeated restraint stress during early withdrawal accelerates the time‐dependent intensification or “incubation” of cue‐induced cocaine craving that occurs during the first month of withdrawal, although craving ultimately plateaus at the same level observed in controls. These data indicate that chronic stress exposure during early withdrawal may result in increased vulnerability to cue‐induced relapse during this period. Previous studies have shown that chronic stress exposure in drug‐naïve rats increases neuronal activity in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), a region critical for behavioral responses to stress. Given that glutamatergic projections from the BLA to the nucleus accumbens are critical for the incubation of cue‐induced cocaine craving, we hypothesized that cocaine withdrawal and chronic stress exposure produce separate increases that additively increase BLA neuronal activity. To assess this, we conducted in vivo extracellular single‐unit recordings from the BLA of anesthetized adult male rats following cocaine or saline self‐administration (6 h/day for 10 days) and repeated restraint stress or control conditions on withdrawal days (WD) 6‐14. Recordings were conducted from WD15 to WD20. Interestingly, cocaine exposure alone increased the spontaneous firing rate in the BLA to levels observed following chronic stress exposure in drug‐naïve rats. Chronic stress exposure during cocaine withdrawal further increased firing rate. These studies may identify a potential mechanism by which both cocaine and chronic stress exposure drive cue‐induced relapse vulnerability during abstinence.
Agricultural Economics at 50: Scholarship of the global agricultural economics community
Authors: Abdulai Awudu , Mishra Ashok 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLast year, Agricultural Economics reached its 50th volume, after 34 years. In this article, we reflect on the evolution of the journal during this period. We describe the evolving editorial structure of the journal and the composition of the editorial board from only editorial advisory board to both associate editors and editorial advisory board. We also employ bibliometric analysis to showcase the evolution of the average number of pages per article, number of articles per volume, authorship patterns that reflect the steady rise in collaborative research, article content, research coverage, as well as the journal's impact as chronicled by its citations over the period under consideration. We conclude by briefly defining some goals and providing perspectives for the future of the journal in the face of the evolving publishing landscape. We found that although articles published in the journal remain predominantly on agricultural topics, significant changes in topical coverage has occurred in the last two decades. While 20 years ago, only very few articles were classified under environmental issues and mathematical and quantitative methods, the share of articles published in these areas increased by 19% and 45%, respectively, over this time period.
Do orthopaedic and neurosciences inpatients who are at risk of falls have best practice fall prevention strategies implemented during their acute inpatient hospitalization?
Authors: Tse Cynthia , Esler Victoria , Hewitt Lyndel , Davidson Edward 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether inpatients identified as being at high risk for falls received fall prevention interventions as recommended in the Best Practice Guidelines for Australian Hospitals.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study examined medical record data from a convenience sample of inpatients admitted to orthopaedic and neurosciences wards (N = 100). Data were compared to the fall prevention recommendations. Percentages were used to describe compliance and independent samples t‐tests to assess difference in adherence.ResultsData revealed that 45% and 62% of recommendations were implemented amongst inpatients on orthopaedic and neurosciences ward, respectively (P < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between orthopaedic inpatients at higher risk of falls and those with a greater length of stay [r(39) = .46, P = 0.003]. When analysed together, patients who were admitted following a fall had a lower percentage of fall prevention strategies implemented (P < 0.001).ConclusionImplementation of fall prevention strategies is essential to target in the inpatient setting.
Towards a more precise diagnosis of hypersensitivity to beta‐lactams — an EAACI position paper
Authors: Romano Antonino , Atanaskovic‐Markovic Marina , Barbaud Annick , Bircher Andreas J. , Brockow Knut , Caubet Jean‐Christoph , Celik Gulfem , Cernadas Josefina , Chiriac Anca‐Mirela , Demoly Pascal , Garvey Lene H. , Mayorga Cristobalina , Nakonechna Alla , Whitaker Paul , Torres María José 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA recent survey of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) Drug Allergy Interest Group (DAIG) on how European allergy specialists deal with beta‐lactam (BL) hypersensitivity demonstrated a significant heterogeneity in current practice, suggesting the need to review and update existing EAACI guidelines in order to make the diagnostic procedures as safe and accurate, but also as cost‐effective, as possible. For this purpose, a bibliographic search on large studies regarding BL hypersensitivity diagnosis was performed by an EAACI task force, which reviewed and evaluated the literature data using the GRADE system for quality of evidence and strength of recommendation. The updated guidelines provide a risk stratification in BL hypersensitivity according to index reaction(s), as well as an algorithmic approach, based on cross‐reactivity studies, in patients with a suspicion of BL hypersensitivity and an immediate need for antibiotic therapy, when referral to an allergist is not feasible. Furthermore, the update addresses availability and concentrations of skin test (ST) reagents, ST and drug provocation test (DPT) protocols, and diagnostic algorithms and administration of alternative BL in allergic subjects. Specifically, distinct diagnostic algorithms are suggested depending on risk stratification of the patient into high and low risk based on the morphology and chronology of the reaction, immediate (ie, occurring within 1‐6 hours after the last administered dose) or nonimmediate (ie, occurring more than 1 hour after the initial drug administration), and the reaction severity. Regarding the allergy workup, the main novelty of this document is the fact that in some low‐risk nonimmediate reactions ST are not mandatory, especially in children. For DPT, further studies are necessary to provide data supporting the standardization of protocols, especially of those regarding nonimmediate reactions, for which there is currently no consensus.
Longitudinal course and risk factors associated with psychosis in bipolar youths
Authors: Shalev Amit , Merranko John , Gill Mary Kay , Goldstein Tina , Liao Fangzi , Goldstein Benjamin I. , Hower Heather , Ryan Neal , Strober Michael , Iyengar Satish , Keller Martin , Yen Shirley , Weinstock Lauren M. , Axelson David , Birmaher Boris 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the longitudinal clinical course of youths with bipolar disorder (BD) spectrum with lifetime (past, intake, and/or follow‐up) psychosis (BDP+) to youths with BD without lifetime psychosis (BDP−). Also, to identify risk factors associated with increased risk of first onset of psychosis during prospective follow‐up.MethodBipolar disorder youths (BDP+ = 137, BDP− = 233), aged 7‐17 years old, were followed on average every 7 months for 11.7 years and were evaluated using standardized instruments. Data were analyzed using linear and generalized linear models for the full sample, as well as for youths who developed first period of psychosis (n = 55).ResultsAfter adjusting for confounders, BDP+ youths with one, and in particular ≥2 lifetime psychotic episodes, had higher rates and more severe mood and anxiety symptoms, higher rates of suicidality, psychiatric hospitalizations, and sexual/physical abuse, and poorer psychosocial functioning than BDP− youths. Even before the first onset of psychosis during follow‐up, BDP+ youths showed more psychopathology and had more family history of psychiatric illness than those who never developed psychosis. First‐onset psychosis was associated with low socioeconomic status (SES), living with one parent, bipolar disorder type one and type two, comorbid anxiety, history of hospitalizations, and family history of mania and suicidality.ConclusionBDP+ is associated with poor prognosis and worse clinical picture, even before the onset of psychosis, indicating the need for prompt identification and treatment of these youths. Studies aimed to treat acute symptoms of psychosis, as well as prevent the onset of psychosis, including risk factors amenable to change, are warranted.
Remodeling of calvarial graft in increased atrophic maxillary thickness. A prospective clinical study
Authors: de Carvalho Fábio Astolphi , Ponzoni Daniela , Vedovatto Eduardo , de Carvalho Paulo Sérgio Perri 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeThis study evaluated the autogenous graft resorption rate in a calvarial block graft in the anterior region of an atrophic maxilla and compared it with the thickness of the remaining ridge.Materials and MethodsTwelve patients were included in the study. They were submitted to cranial calotte graft surgery, and there were 40 blocks in total. The thicknesses of the ridges in the crest, middle and apical regions of the blocks were evaluated by computed tomography scan at the times: preoperative (T0), 48 hours (T1) and 6 months (T2) after the reconstructions.ResultsThe resorption of the blocks from T1 to T2 was 13.4%. The greatest remodeling occurred in the alveolar bone crest (20.07%), followed by the middle portion (12.28%), and the apical region (9.5%), but the three regions did not significantly differ between times T1 and T2 (crest P = .07, middle P = .124, apical P = .131). Recipient site with the lowest thickness had the greatest resorption rates (up to 2 mm = 17.6%; from 2 to 4 mm = 17.52%) while than those with a thickness greater than 4 mm had a mean resorption of 8.81%.ConclusionsThe resorption of the grafts in this study was 13.4%. Higher resorption rates were observed in the alveolar crest areas, where the ridges were less thick.
microRNA‐139‐5p confers sensitivity to antiepileptic drugs in refractory epilepsy by inhibition of MRP1
Authors: Wang Li , Song Lifang , Chen Xiaoyi , Suo Junfang , Ma Yanli , Shi Jinghe , Liu Kai , Chen Guohong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimDrug resistance is an intractable issue urgently needed to be overcome for improving efficiency of antiepileptic drugs in treating refractory epilepsy. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been proved as key regulators and therapeutic targets in epilepsy. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to identify a novel differentially expressed miRNA which could improve the efficiency of antiepileptic drugs during the treatment of refractory epilepsy.Methods and ResultsSerum samples were collected from children with refractory epilepsy. An in vivo refractory epilepsy model was developed in SD rats by electrical amygdala kindling. We identified that miR‐139‐5p was decreased and multidrug resistance‐associated protein 1 (MRP1) was remarkably upregulated in the serum samples from children with refractory epilepsy and the brain tissues from rat models of refractory epilepsy. After phenobarbitone injection in rat models of refractory epilepsy, the after discharging threshold in kindled amygdala was detected to screen out drug‐resistant rats. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay demonstrated that MRP1 was a target of miR‐139‐5p. In order to evaluate the effect of miR‐139‐5p/MRP1 axis on drug resistance of refractory epilepsy, we transfected plasmids into the hippocampus of drug‐resistant rats to alter the expression of miR‐139‐5p and MRP1. TUNEL staining and Nissl staining showed that miR‐139‐5p overexpression or MRP1 downregulation could reduce the apoptosis and promote survival of neurons, accompanied by alleviated neuronal damage.ConclusionCollectively, these results suggest an important role of miR‐139‐5p/MRP1 axis in reducing the resistance of refractory epilepsy to antiepileptic drugs.
Incretin‐based glucose‐lowering medications and the risk of acute pancreatitis and malignancies: a meta‐analysis based on cardiovascular outcomes trials
Authors: Abd El Aziz Mirna , Cahyadi Oscar , Meier Juris J. , Schmidt Wolfgang E. , Nauck Michael A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSome epidemiological data have suggested an elevated risk of acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer after exposure to glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)‐4 inhibitors. Recently, such outcomes have been assessed and adjudicated as adverse events of special interest in cardiovascular outcomes studies. We performed a meta‐analysis of cases of acute pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer as well as any malignant neoplasm reported in cardiovascular outcomes trials (CVOTs) with GLP‐1 receptor agonists and DPP‐4 inhibitors. The numbers of cases observed with active drug or placebo (both on a background of standard care) were related to patient‐years of observation. Rate ratios and their confidence intervals were calculated for the individual agents as well as for the classes of GLP‐1 receptor agonists and DPP‐4 inhibitors. Neither data on individual CVOTs of GLP‐1 receptor agonists nor their meta‐analysis [rate ratio: 1.05 (0.78–1.41)] indicated a significantly elevated risk of acute pancreatitis. All individual DPP‐4 inhibitors displayed a non‐significant trend towards an increased risk of acute pancreatitis, which was significant in the meta‐analysis [1.75 (1.14–2.70); P = 0.01]. Neither GLP‐1 receptor agonists nor DPP‐4 inhibitors were associated with a significantly elevated or reduced risk of pancreatic cancer or for the totality of all malignant neoplasms. Based on a large database of randomized, placebo‐controlled, prospective cardiovascular outcomes studies with GLP‐1 receptor agonists and DPP‐4 inhibitors, no signal for pancreatic cancer or any malignant neoplasms were detected. However, a 75% risk increase for the development of an acute pancreatitis was seen in the meta‐analysis of DPP‐4 inhibitor CVOTs.
The open‐and‐shut case against inequality
Authors: Vandemoortele Jan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMotivationThe case against inequality should be open‐and‐shut. Evidence shows that the happiest and healthiest people live in countries with low inequality. Yet, the argument that inequality constitutes perhaps the most pressing challenge the world faces today is an idea whose time has not yet come.PurposeSince the impact of inequality extends well beyond the economic realm, the scope of analysis must be broadened, taking a multidisciplinary perspective, including historians, sociologists, psychologists, moral philosophers and political scientists.Approach and methodsMostly a concise summary of the main findings of the literature and research from a wide range of disciplines.FindingsThe findings in these different disciplines must be brought together and complemented by deliberate efforts to convey them to the public at large. They show that inequality has a deep and far‐reaching influence on people and society.Policy implicationsInequality will not be brought down by paying more lip service to it or by conducting more research that stays in an ivory tower. Only if we come to understand that inequality engenders near universal harm will we muster the courage to address it. Equity‐adjusted averages must replace standard statistics on human development.