bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pilot investigation into osteotome hard surface coating and cutting-edge degradation
Authors: White David , Bartley Jim , Whittington Christopher , Garcia Lorenzo M. G. , Chand Kaushik , Turangi Celine 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOsteotomes are bone cutting tools commonly reused in orthopedic surgical procedures. Despite undergoing rigorous cleaning, visual inspection and sterilization procedures between every use, the condition of the cutting blade edge is commonly not qualitatively assessed. Subjective feedback from surgeons suggests a large variation in osteotome cutting edge sharpness is found during use. This study seeks to investigate the retention of osteotome cutting-edge sharpness by comparing the wear resistance of as-supplied, electroless nickel, and titanium nitride coated osteotomes following a series of bone cutting tests.MethodsChanges in edge sharpness were assessed using visual inspection, depth penetration testing that quantified change in the blade sharpness index and scanning electron microscopy visual analysis. Visual inspection of each osteotome blade edge was then compared to qualitative blade sharpness index measurement.ResultsAfter use, no cutting-edge damage or change in blade sharpness was detected by visual examination of all three osteotomes however the as-supplied osteotome demonstrated 50% loss of blade sharpness index compared to 30% and 15% reduction for the electroless nickel and titanium nitride coated osteotomes respectively. This finding was supported by scanning electron microscopy evaluation that found greater mechanical damage had occurred along the cutting-edge of the as-supplied osteotome compared to the two coated with wear resistant materials.ConclusionsThe rapid loss of blade sharpness found in the as-supplied osteotome supports the degradation in cutting performance frequently reported by surgeons. The findings from this study demonstrates blade sharpness index better detects cutting edge wear compared to visual inspection. Results from this pilot study also suggest the coating of osteotomes in hard-wearing biocompatible materials assists in retaining cutting edge sharpness over multiple uses. Further study using a larger sample size is required to validate these findings.
Patterns, Management and Outcomes of Traumatic Pelvic Fracture: Insights from A Multicenter Study
Authors: Abdelrahman Husham , El-Menyar Ayman , Keil Holger , Alhammoud Abduljabbar , Ghouri Syed Imran , Babikir Elhadi , Asim Mohammad , Muenzberg Matthias , Al-Thani Hassan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose we aimed to describe traumatic pelvic fracture in multinational level 1 trauma centers. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis for all patients with traumatic pelvic fracture (TPF) between 2010 and 2016 at 2 trauma centers in Qatar and Germany. Results A total of 2112 patients presented with traumatic pelvic injuries of which 1814 (85.9%) sustained TPF, males dominated (76.5%) with a mean age of 41.2±21.1 years. Falls, motor vehicle crashes and pedestrians were the most frequent mechanisms involved. Chest (37.3%) was the most commonly associated injured region, with mean injury severity score (ISS) of 16.5±13.3. Hemodynamic instability was observed in 44%, blood was needed in a third, massive transfusion in a tenth and intensive care admission in a quarter of cases. Tile classification was possible in 1228 patients (type A in 60%, B in 30% and C in 10%). Patients with type C had higher rates of associated injuries, ISS, pelvis abbreviated injury score (AIS), more need for blood transfusion, massive transfusion protocol activation, prolonged hospital stay, higher rate for surgery, complications, and mortality (p<0.001). Two-thirds of patients were managed conservatively while a third needed surgical fixation. The median length of hospital and intensive care stay were 15 and 5 days, respectively. In-hospital complications were few and the overall mortality rate was 4.7% (86 patients). Conclusion pelvic fracture is a common injury. It needs a careful multidisciplinary and systematic approach to address the associated complexities and polytrauma nature in order to improve the associated outcomes both on a short and long-term basis.
Comparison of child and family reports of health-related quality of life in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients after induction therapy
Authors: Nakajima Shohei , Sato Iori , Soejima Takafumi , Koh Katsuyoshi , Kato Motohiro , Okamoto Yasuhiro , Imamura Toshihiko , Maeda Miho , Ishida Yasushi , Kamibeppu Kiyoko 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purposes: To determine the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) during induction therapy, clarify the agreement between child self-reported and family proxy-reported HRQOL, and examine the related factors of HRQOL, especially child age, family attendance, and children’s social relationships outside of the family. Methods: We analyzed questionnaire data (2012–2017) from the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group’s ALL-B12. Participants were children with B-cell Precursor ALL aged 5–18 and their families. Participants answered the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory TM (PedsQL TM ) Generic Core Scales (PedsQL-G) and Cancer Module (PedsQL-C) to measure pediatric HRQOL. We calculated the differences between child self-reported and family proxy-reported subscale scores along with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). We conducted multiple regression analyses according to all participant pairs and age groups (young child, school age and adolescent), with ICCs for all PedsQL-G subscales (ICC-G) and all PedsQL-C subscales (ICC-C) as the outcome variables. Results: Five hundred twenty-two pairs of children and their families were analyzed. We observed a moderate level of agreement on most PedsQL subscales between the child self-reports and family proxy-reports; however, worry had the weakest agreement for all PedsQL subscales (ICC = .32). The agreement of ICC-C was positively related to family attendance for the young child group ( B = .185, p = .003). Conclusion: We observed some differences between child self-reports and family proxy-reports of HRQOL of children with ALL, suggesting that both parties should be administered HRQOL measurements during treatment.
Association between admission hypothermia and outcomes in very low birth weight infants in China: a multicentre prospective study
Authors: Yu Yong-hui , Wang Li , Lu Qing-hua , Wang Li-ling , Huang Xiao-yang , Fan Xiu-fang , Ding Yan-jie , Zhang Cheng-yuan , Liu Qiang , Sun Ai-rong , Zhao Yue-hua , Yao Guo , Li Cong , Liu Xiu-xiang , Wu Jing-cai , Yang Zhen-ying , Chen Tong , Ren Xue-yun , Li Jing , Bi Mei-rong , Peng Fu-dong , Geng Min , Qiu Bing-ping , Zhao Ri-ming , Niu Shi-ping , Zhu Ren-xia , Chen Yao , Gao Yan-ling , Deng Li-ling 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between admission hypothermia and neonatal outcomes in very low-birth weight (VLBW) infants in multiple neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in China. Methods Since January 1, 2018, a neonatal homogeneous cooperative research platform has been established. The platform collects clinical data in a prospective manner on preterm infants with birth weights (BWs)<1500 g and gestational ages (GAs)<34 weeks born in 28 NICUs in Shandong Province. These infants were divided into normothermia, mild or moderate/severe hypothermia groups according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classifications of hypothermia. Associations between outcomes and hypothermia were tested in a bivariate analysis, followed by a stepwise logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 1247 VLBW infants were included in this analysis, of which 1100 infants (88.2%) were included in the hypothermia group, 554 infants (44.4%) in the mild hypothermia group and 546 infants (43.8%) in the moderate/severe hypothermia group. Small for gestational age (SGA), caesarean section, a low Apgar score at 5 min and intubation in the delivery room (DR) were related to admission hypothermia (AH). Mortality was the lowest when their admission temperature was 36.5~37.5°C, and after adjustment for maternal and infant characteristics, mortality was significantly associated with AH. Compared with infants with normothermia (36.5~37.5°C), the adjusted ORs of all deaths increased to 4.148 (95% CI 1.505-11.437) and 1.806 (95% CI 0.651-5.009) for infants with moderate/severe hypothermia and mild hypothermia, respectively. AH was also associated with a high likelihood of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), and late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS). Conclusions AH is still very high in VLBW infants in NICUs in China. SGA, caesarean section, antenatal steroid use, a low Apgar score at 5 min and intubation in the DR were associated with increased odds of hypothermia. Moderate/severe hypothermia was associated with mortality and poor outcomes, such as RDS, IVH, LOS, etc.
Thyroid autoimmunity has no negative impact on insulin dynamics in pre-diabetic patients with normal thyroid function
Authors: Alexandraki Krystallenia , Boutzios Georgios , Antonopoulou Ioanna , Bartsioka Lamprini Iro , Moschouris Panagiotis , Karapanagioti Angeliki , Mavroeidi Vasiliki , Makrilakis Konstantinos , Duntas Leonidas , Kaltsas Gregory , Liatis Stavros 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The association of autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 (DM1) has been previously documented. However, there is paucity of data regarding the association of AITD and DM type 2 (DM2). The aim of the study was to shed light on the role of AITD on DM2, we studied the impact of AITD in euthyroid patients with pre-diabetes. Methods Euthyroid pre-diabetic patients were defined by impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (≥100mg/dl) and/or glucose intolerance (IGT) [glucose 120min post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) ≥140mg/dl]. We assessed static and dynamic insulin resistance (IRI) and insulin secretion indices (ISI), and the disposition index (DI). Age, gender, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, body mass index, anti-hypertensive and hypolipidemic treatment were recorded. Results Out of 166 patients studied (132 females) 53 (31.9%) had AITD; IFG prevalence was similar to non-AITD patients (92.2% versus 94.3%, p=0.55). In contrast, IGT was less prevalent in AITD compared to non-AITD patients (9.4% versus 28.3%, p=0.008). IRI did not differ between the two groups. The dynamic ISI: area under the curve (AUC) of insulin-to-glucose ratio (IncAUCins/glu), 1 st -phase and 2 nd -phase insulin release, and the DI showed a worse insulin secretion in non-AITD compared to AITD patients [0.54 (0.49, 0.2-2.42) versus 0.45 (0.41, 0.09-2.07), p = 0.029; 1029.3 (837.1, 323-2614.2) versus 864.3 (826.9, -282.5-2772.5), p=0.033; 354.8 (268.4, 132.8-851.1) versus 286.5 (254.7, 24.7-906.3), p=0.035; 0.09 (0.09, 0.006-0.55) versus 0.07 (0.06, -0.01-0.51), p=0.02, respectively]. On the other hand, hsCRP was higher in AITD versus non-AITD individuals [2.8 (5, 0-16) versus 1.2 (3, 0-13), p=0.008]. Conclusion Although individuals with prediabetes and AITD presented with higher levels of low-grade inflammation, their dynamic ISI and the DI, were less impaired, implying a better dynamic insulin secretion in patients with established abnormality of carbohydrate metabolism who carry an additional autoimmune metabolic component.
Abortive Retroperitoneal Ectopic Pregnancy Followed Up by Ultrasound: A Case Report
Authors: Ye Tiantian , Yu Liang , Jiang Yuxin , Xia Yu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Ectopic pregnancy can be life-threatening. Most of ectopic pregnancy located in the fallopian tube. But retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancies are extremely rare.Results: We report a 29-year-old Chinese woman with amenorrhea for 50 days presented to emergency department for abdominal pain. Her serum β-hCG level was 1675mIU/ml. Transvaginal sonography showed irregular anechoic area in uterine cavity without pregnancy sac echo. And nothing wrong was found in bilateral adnexa. Abdominal ultrasound showed a mixed echo region behind the pancreas. The clinical diagnosis was retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy. The patient's vital signs remained stable with the mass size continue decreased . Because of the huge surgery risk, the mass was followed up by ultrasound closely.Conclusions: 5 months after bleeding, the fourth ultrasound follow-up examination showed the mass disappeared completely and serum β-hCG level was normal .
Assessing intake and consumption level of spices among urban and rural households of Ludhiana district of Punjab, India
Authors: Bhathal Simranpreet Kaur , Kaur Harpreet , Bains Kiran , Mahal Amrit Kaur 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Spices are the esoteric food adjuncts that are used for enhancing the sensory quality of the food in Punjabi diets and add many health benefits. Estimating the intake of spices at the individual level is a challenging task as they are consumed in very small quantities as compared to other foods. The present study was aimed to assess the intake and spices consumption level of spices among adult women.Methods: A study was carried out among 100 urban and 100 rural households from Ludhiana district of Punjab, India to collect the information regarding the frequency, spice usage, portion sizes using a spice intake questionnaire. The commonly used 25 spices in Punjabi diets were selected to assess their dietary intake at the individual level among households. Results: Spice consumption frequency was more in urban households in comparison to rural households. The maximum mean consumption frequency score among urban and rural households was observed for red chilli powder (5.00) and turmeric powder (5.00). A maximum of 76 % of urban and 72 % of rural households preferred to use the unroasted form of spices. The highest mean intake and range was observed for red chilli powder (3.19 g with range 0.35-5.23 g, respectively) among urban women and (2.41 g with range 0.25-3.75 g, respectively) for rural women. Spice intake from individual dishes showed the maximum number of portion sizes for red chilli powder were from dhal<vegetable<curry preparations among urban and vegetable<dhal<curry preparation among rural households. Average urban adult women consumed 10.04 g of spices per day which was higher as compared to spices per day for rural adult women (7.68 g).Conclusions: The study concluded that assessment of spices intake at the individual level among urban and rural households with the frequency of usage and portion sizes, the form of spices used to provide the quantifying intake of spices at the individual level and show higher consumption of spices among urban households and compared to rural households which could provide numerous health benefits.
IL-32 Induces Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition in Human Pulmonary Alveolar Epithelial Cells by Triggering Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Liu Gang , Gong Ling , Zhu Honglan , Li Caihong , Li Pengmei , Liu Changlu , Tang Hongbo , Wu Kaifeng , Wu Jie , Liu Daishun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundEpithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process in the onset and development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) with unclear mechanisms. Our previous studies found that bleomycin and tunicamycin could induce ER stress and consequently trigger EMT accompanying with IL-32 overexpression. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of IL-32 on EMT and ER stress to elucidate the pathogenesis of IPF.MethodsHuman lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were treated with recombinant human (rh)IL-32, IL-32 siRNA and EMT inducer tunicamycin, or 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), respectively. Then the cell morphology was observed and the expression of ER-related markers and EMT-related markers were detected by RT-qPCR or western blotting.ResultsStimulation of A549 cells with rhIL-32 led to a morphological change from a pebble-like shape to an elongated shape in a portion of the cells, accompanied by down regulated expression of the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin and up regulated expression of the mesenchymal cell markers N-cadherin, vimentin, and Zeb-1. However, these rhIL-32 induced changes were inhibited by the ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA. Suppression of IL-32 expression with siRNA inhibited TM-induced EMT. Further stimulation of the A549 cells with rhIL-32 demonstrated an increase in the expression of GRP78, although this increase was also inhibited by 4-PBA. ConclusionsThese results suggest that IL-32 induces EMT in A549 cells by triggering ER stress. These results suggest that IL-32 may be a novel marker for IPF.
Identification of miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules involved in lipid metabolism and seed development in a woody-oil tree (Camellia oleifera)
Authors: Wu Bo , Ruan Chengjiang , Shah Asad Hussain , Liu Sihei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTea oil camellia ( Camellia oleifera ), an important woody oil tree, is a source of seed oil of high nutritional and medicinal values and has been being widely planted in southern China. However, there is no report on the identification of miRNAs involved in lipid metabolism and seed development in high- and low-oil cultivars of tea oil camellia. Thus, we explored the roles of miRNAs in the critical period of oil formation and accumulation in tea oil camellia, and identified miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules involved in lipid metabolism and seed development. ResultsSixteen small RNA libraries for high- and low-oil cultivars of the critical period of oil biosynthesis were constructed. A total of 196 miRNAs, including 156 known miRNAs from 35 families and 40 novel miRNAs, were identified, and 55 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were found, which included 34 up-regulated miRNAs and 21 down-regulated miRNAs. An integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA transcriptome sequence data and qRT-PCR-based information was performed and revealed that nine miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules were related to lipid metabolism, such as the negative regulatory modules of ath-miR858b- MYB82 / MYB3 / MYB44 represses seed oil biosynthesis and a positive regulation module of csi-miR166e-5p- S-ACP - DES6 for formation and accumulation of oleic acid. Twenty-tree miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules were involved in the regulation of seed size, such as a negative regulatory module of hpe-miR162a_L-2- ARF19 involved in early seed development. Twelve miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules regulating growth and development were identified, such as the negative regulatory modules of han-miR156a_L+1- SPL4 / SBP2 promoting early seed development. The targeting relationship of the cpa-miR393_R-1-AFB2 regulatory module were verified by luciferase activity assays. ConclusionMultiple microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified to involve in developing seeds of tea oil camellia, especially discovering several miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules involving in seed development and lipid metabolism. These data provide important theoretical value and a scientific basis for the genetic improvement of new varieties of tea oil camellia in the future.
Accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography for the evaluation of mandible invasion by oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Zezheng , Zhang Shuang , Pu Yumei , Wang Yuxin , Lin Zitong , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Surgery for oral cancer with mandibular invasion requires an accurate preoperative assessment. Although cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), which yields high spatial resolution, is used widely for mandibular examinations, evidence supporting its accuracy for the evaluation of malignant mandibular invasion is insufficient. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the accuracy of CBCT for the preoperative assessment of mandibular invasion.Methods: Thirty mandibular specimens acquired via mandibulectomy for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) treatment were collected. The excised samples were marked and subjected to CBCT imaging. Hematoxylin–eosin staining was used for histopathological assessment. Mandibular invasion was estimated based on CBCT and pathologic findings. Invasive borders were delineated via histopathological examination and CBCT and merged to compare the extent of invasion.Results: Although CBCT predicted the excised mandible invasion with 100% accuracy, it predicted nerve invasion with only 69.2% accuracy. The bone samples exhibited significant shrinkage (8.9%) due to tissue processing. This bone mass shrinkage led to a tendency of CBCT to underestimate the extent of invasion, with a mean difference of 2.97 mm.Conclusion: CBCT can reliably assess mandibular invasion, but is much less accurate for the estimation of nerve invasion. Given the potential for underestimation of the extent of mandibular invasion, CBCT would be better used to determine the extent of osteotomy.
Serum D-dimer, Albumin and Systemic Inflammatory Response Markers in Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma and Their Prognostic Implications
Authors: Chen Wei , Zhong Siyuan , Shan Boer , Zhou Shuling , Wu Xiaohua , Yang Huijuan , Ye Shuang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The study aims to evaluate whether preoperative systemic inflammatory response (SIR) markers or other hematologic variables, such as albumin, D-dimer, carbohydrate antigen 125 play a role in predicting chemotherapy response and survival outcome in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). Methods Preoperative leukocyte differential counts, platelet, serum albumin, plasma D-dimer and CA-125 levels were measured in patients with FIGO IC-IV ovarian clear cell cancer. The correlations of these hematologic biomarkers with clinicopathological features, chemotherapy response, and survival outcomes were further analyzed. Survival time was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier model, whereas Cox regression was conducted for multivariate analysis.Results Among the 84 patients, 28.6% were classified as platinum-resistant and 69.0% as platinum sensitive. Preoperative CA125, albumin, D-dimer, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte to lymphocyte ratio were significantly correlated with FIGO stage, residual tumor, and platinum response. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio was not related to platinum response ( P =0.060). The median follow-up time was 28 months (range, 1 to 128 months). Preoperative CA125, albumin, and D-dimer were significant prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). In the univariate analysis, only NLR had prognostic significance for PFS ( P =0.007). Multivariate analysis indicated that D-dimer > 3.27 ( P = 0.001 for OS; P = 0.040 for PFS) and albumin <39.6 ( P = 0.005 for OS and P = 0.041 for PFS) retained significance.Conclusions Preoperative NLR has some predictive value for platinum resistance in patients with IC-IV stage OCCC, but has little predictive effect on prognosis. Elevated D-dimer and reduced albumin might be potential biomarkers for worse response to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and poor clinical outcomes.