bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of circular RNA expression profiles of lung cancer in Xuanwei, China
Authors: Wang Yan , Lu Ling‐Jiao , Duan Yong , Liu Xiao , Mao Yue , Chen Yu , Zhang Yan‐Liang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundMounting evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) could play a pivotal role in cancers. However, due to the lack of sensitive biomarkers, most lung cancer in Xuanwei (LCXW) patients are still diagnosed at an advanced stage accompany with distant metastasis.MethodsAccording to the stage of LCXW patients and tissue sources, circRNAs microarray detection was carried out in six groups. Considering fold change, raw intensity, the length of circRNAs, and P‐value, we selected eightcircRNAs for further study. A total of 50 paired LCXW tissues were carried out real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) in order to extended sample size to verify the expression of these circRNAs.ResultsWe designed 13 617 human circRNA probes for the human circular RNA microarray, detected 10 819 circRNA in six groups of samples; 537 circRNAs were differentially expressed consistently in every stage. Through RT‐qPCR, we selected 8 circRNAs, three of which were upregulated (hsa_circ_0005927, hsa_circ_0069397 and hsa_circ_0000937) and five were downregulated (hsa_circ_0001936, hsa_circ_0005255, hsa_circRNA_406010, hsa_circ_0007064, hsa_circ_0000907) in tumor tissues, only hsa_circ_0001936 showed the opposite expression between microarray and RT‐qPCR, others were consistent. Additionally, hsa_circ_0005927 and hsa_circ_0001936 were significantly correlated with tumor size, and hsa_circRNA_406010 was related to the prognosis of LCXW patients.ConclusionTogether, these results suggest that hsa_circ_0005927, hsa_circ_0001936, and hsa_circRNA_406010 may serve as the novel potential biomarkers for LCXW. Moreover, these results may provide a new insight for the pathogenesis of LCXW.
National Parent Survey 2017: Worries, hopes, and child well‐being
Authors: Bonuck Karen , McGrath Kathleen , Gao Qi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSociopolitical events impact population health; parents' perspective of such events crosses demographics, geography, and generations. We elicited changes in U.S. parents' hopes and worries for their children 1 year after the 2016 election via an online survey of school climate, discrimination against child, family health care and security, and macrolevel/future concerns (e.g., environment, postsecondary options). Among n = 1189 respondents, national security (39%), the environment (30.5%), and “continued place in America” (25.7%) were most worrisome. In general linear mixed models, employment buffered against social and material stressors such as discrimination (odds ratio [OR] = 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49–0.92), and family health care/security (OR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.45–0.86) while being of a dominant religion and ethnicity buffered future macrolevel (Christianity, OR = 70; 95% CI = 0.54–0.92/non‐Hispanic, OR = 59; 95% CI = 0.39–0.90) and existential “continued place in America” (Christianity, OR = 69; 95% CI = 0.51–0.94/non‐Hispanic, OR = 56; 95% CI = 0.36–0.88) worries. Qualitative comments underscored macrolevel worries. Parents represent a unique vantage for gauging how sociopolitical events impact health and well‐being.
Hospital characteristics preferred by medical students for their residency programs: A nationwide matching data analysis
Authors: Nishizaki Yuji , Ueda Rieko , Shinozaki Tomohiro , Tokuda Yasuharu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn 2004, Japan introduced a mandatory 2‐year postgraduate training program for graduating medical students with a super‐rotation curriculum. A national matching system was established to determine the hospital residency programs best suited for the students. We examined the hospital characteristics preferred by applicants for residencies.MethodsA nationwide cross‐sectional study was conducted. Data on salaries, bonuses, and number of accepted ambulances were compiled from the Residency Electronic Information System. Information on the prefectural population, urban area, and number of senior residents (postgraduate years 3–5) for specialty training was extracted from data published on the web page. The ratio of the number of first‐choice applicants to recruitment capacity (matching ratio) for each program was compared between the characteristics of the hospitals and prefectures.ResultsA strong linear relationship was observed between the number of first‐choice applications and the allocated number of resident positions (correlation coefficient, .72). The matching ratio was greater in community hospitals (2.10 times compared with university hospitals; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.75–2.53), in hospitals with higher numbers of accepted ambulance cases (1.05 times per 1000 annually; 95% CI, 1.03–1.08), and in hospitals that served a larger prefectural population (1.05 times per million; 95% CI, 1.02–1.08).ConclusionsFinancial incentives do not seem to attract residency applicants. Applicants prefer non‐university hospitals located in populous areas and those that accept larger number of ambulance cases. To recruit junior residents, an emergency department may need to have higher activity with larger numbers and variety of cases.
Matching‐adjusted indirect comparison of efficacy and safety of bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (VTd) as per label compared with modified VTd dosing schedules in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are transplant eligible
Authors: Sonneveld Pieter , Mateos María‐Victoria , Alegre Adrian , Facon Thierry , Hulin Cyrille , Hashim Mahmoud , Vincken Talitha , Kampfenkel Tobias , Cote Sarah , He Jianming , Lam Annette , Moreau Philippe 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe combination of bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (VTd) is a standard of care for transplant‐eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Although approved labeling for VTd includes an escalating thalidomide dose up to 200 mg daily (VTd‐label), a lower fixed dose of thalidomide (100 mg daily; VTd‐mod) has become commonplace in clinical practice. To date, no clinical trials comparing VTd‐mod with VTd‐label have been performed. Here, we compared outcomes for VTd‐mod with VTd‐label using a matching‐adjusted indirect comparison.MethodsVTd‐mod data were from NCT02541383 (CASSIOPEIA; phase III) and NCT00531453 (phase II); VTd‐label data were from NCT00461747 (PETHEMA/GEM; phase III). To adjust for heterogeneity, baseline characteristics from VTd‐label were weighted to match VTd‐mod. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), postinduction and posttransplant responses, and safety.ResultsVTd‐mod was noninferior to VTd‐label for OS, postinduction overall response rate (ORR), and very good partial response or better (≥VGPR). VTd‐mod was significantly better than VTd‐label for PFS, posttransplant ORR, and ≥VGPR. VTd‐mod was noninferior to VTd‐label for safety outcomes, and inferior to VTd‐label for postinduction and posttransplant complete response or better.ConclusionsOur analysis supports the continued use of VTd‐mod in clinical practice in transplant‐eligible NDMM patients.
Is It the Journey That Matters? A Fresh Look at the Impact of World Bank Policy Lending
Authors: Moll Peter , Smets Lodewijk 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of World Bank policy lending on the quality of economic policy. A new econometric specification distinguishes among two effects that have been conflated hitherto: (i) marginal impacts of additional policy actions and (ii) the length of the policy engagement. Panel estimations on a revised data set indicate that development policy financing has a positive effect on the quality of economic policy. Results are robust to the use of different estimation techniques, sample restrictions, the inclusion of additional controls, omitted variable bias adjustment, a placebo test and a compound IV strategy. Next, the econometric work suggests that the quality of the engagement matters more than the sheer number of policy actions. We provide several arguments of why the process of engagement is key. Finally, there is evidence that longer engagements lead to lower policy impacts, which may be related to a change to more complex, second‐generation reforms. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LPCGF and EDTA conditioning of the root surface promotes the adhesion, growth, migration and differentiation of periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Zhan Xuan , Yan Wencheng , Yan Jun , Tong Wei , Chen Weirong , Lin Yanfang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundLiquid‐phase concentrated growth factor (LPCGF), a new‐generation platelet concentrate, may potently stimulate human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. This study assessed the effectiveness of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and/or LPCGF on periodontally diseased root surfaces through their effects on PDL cells.MethodsDentin blocks prepared from periodontal teeth were divided into four groups and treated as follows: group I, scaling and root planning (SRP); group II, SRP + EDTA; group III, SRP + LPCGF; and group IV, SRP+EDTA + LPCGF. PDL cells were cultured on dentin blocks, and LPCGF‐induced biological effects were evaluated by migration and cell adhesion/proliferation assays. Furthermore, PDL cell differentiation was assessed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsSignificantly more adherent cells were observed in the EDTA, LPCGF and combination treatment groups than in the control group. Root conditioning with EDTA and/or LPCGF enhanced cell proliferation and migration more than SRP did. Compared with the control group, the combined treatment group exhibited significant upregulation of cell differentiation‐related genes. Electron microscopy of the tooth surface revealed removal of the smear layer and exposed dentin holes in the EDTA‐treated group but not in the control group.ConclusionEDTA and LPCGF application to periodontitis‐affected root surfaces forms a surface suitable for cell attachment, growth, migration and differentiation. Thus, LPCGF is promising in clinical periodontics applications. Further studies to support these results are necessary.
Immunohistological composition of peri‐implantitis affected tissue around ceramic implants—A pilot study
Authors: Fretwurst Tobias , Müller Janina , Larsson Lena , Bronsert Peter , Hazard Derek , Castilho Rogerio M. , Kohal Ralf , Nelson Katja , Iglhaut Gerhard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAim of the pilot study was the histologic classification of the inflamed peri‐implant soft tissue around ceramic implants (CI) in comparison with titanium implants (TI).MethodsPeri‐implant tissue were retrieved from 15 patients (aged 34 to 88 years, seven males/eight females) with severe peri‐implantitis (eight CI, seven TI). The peri‐implant soft tissue samples were retrieved from the sites during scheduled removal of the implant and prepared for immunohistochemical analysis. Monoclonal antibodies (targeting CD3, CD20, CD138, and CD68) were used to identify T‐ and B‐cells, plasma cells and macrophages. Quantitative assessment was performed by one histologically trained investigator. Linear mixed regression models were used.ResultsA similar numerical distribution of the cell population was found in peri‐implantitis around CI compared with TI. CD3 (TI, 17% to 85% versus CI, 20% to 70% of total cell number) and CD138 (TI, 1% to 73% versus CI, 12% to 69% of total cell number) were predominantly expressed. Notably, patient‐individual differences of numerical cell distribution were detected. Co‐localization of B‐ and T‐lymphocytes was observed.ConclusionsPeri‐implantitis around CI in comparison with TI seems to have a similar histological appearance. Differences in cellular composition of peri‐implantitis lesions might also depend on the patient's specific immune status and not only on the material used.
Analytical solutions for the surface‐ and orientation‐averaged SERS enhancement factor of small plasmonic particles
Authors: Khlebtsov Nikolai G. , Le Ru Eric C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe derive analytical expressions for the surface‐ and orientation‐averaged surface enhanced Raman scattering factor (SERS EF) for small plasmonic spheroids. These expressions are derived taking into account the Stokes shift and are shown to result in very different EFs to those in the |E|4‐approximation for experimentally relevant parameters. The optical properties of spheroids are treated in terms of the common and improved electrostatic approximations (EA and IEA). The latter is newly introduced here and includes radiative damping, depolarization effects, and interactions with higher order multipoles, thus giving perfect agreement with exact T‐matrix calculations of far‐field cross sections and near‐field SERS EFs over a much wider range of sizes. These accurate analytical expressions will be particularly relevant to SERS experiments in colloidal solutions where surface averaging (because of random molecular adsorption) and particle orientation averaging must both be taken into account. Comparison with recent experimental data and simulations for cigar‐like particles show that the spheroid model tends to overestimate the SERS EF because of the higher curvature at the tips. Possible ways to generalize the analytic solution to other axially symmetrical particles are discussed.
A passionate travel to mind green turtles—Unpacking the complexity of visitors' green behaviour
Authors: Akhshik Arash , Ozturen Ali , Rezapouraghdam Hamed 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe current studies in the tourism‐environmental domain often take a reductionist approach towards the complex issue of human behaviour that is criticized for its shortcomings. Therefore, to fill this gap, the authors developed and tested a theoretical model drawing on the complexity theory with emerging concepts, that is, dualistic‐passion paradigm, and mindfulness notion to predict the potential source of pro‐environmental behaviour. Following Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of a sample from visitors to marine turtles in Cyprus, the study found seven unique causal recipes that lead to a high level of pro‐environmental behaviour. Implications and guidelines for further research are discussed.
Quantitative Ultrasound Image Analysis Helps in the Differentiation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) From Borderline Lesions and Predicting the Histologic Grade of HCC and Microvascular Invasion
Authors: Matsumoto Naoki , Ogawa Masahiro , Kaneko Masahiro , Kumagawa Mariko , Watanabe Yukinobu , Hirayama Midori , Nakagawara Hiroshi , Masuzaki Ryota , Kanda Tatsuo , Moriyama Mitsuhiko , Takayama Tadatoshi , Sugitani Masahiko 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesQuantitative image analysis is one of the methods to overcome the lack of objectivity of ultrasound (US). The aim of this study was to clarify the correlation between the features from a US image analysis and the histologic grade and microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and differentiation of HCC smaller than 2 cm from borderline lesions.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed grayscale US images with histopathologic evidence of HCC or a precancerous lesion using ImageJ version 1.47 software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD).ResultsA total of 148 nodules were included (borderline lesion, n = 31; early HCC [eHCC], n = 3; well‐differentiated HCC [wHCC], n = 16; moderately differentiated HCC [mHCC], n = 79; and poorly differentiated HCC [pHCC], n = 19). A multivariate analysis selected lower minimum gray values (odds ratio [OR], 0.431; P = .003) and a higher standard deviation (OR, 1.880; P = .019) as predictors of HCC smaller than 2 cm. Median (range) minimum gray values of borderline lesions, eHCC, wHCC, mHCC, and pHCC were 29 (0–103), 7 (0–47), 6 (0–60), 10 (0–53), and 2 (0–38), respectively, and gradually decreased from borderline lesions to pHCC (P < 0.001). The multivariate analysis showed a higher aspect ratio (OR, 2.170; P = .001) and lower minimum gray value (OR, 0.475; P = .043) as predictors of MVI. An anechoic area diagnosed by a subjective evaluation was correlated with the minimum gray value (P < .0001). The proportion of the anechoic area gradually increased from eHCC to pHCC (P = .031).ConclusionsIn a US image analysis, HCC smaller than 2 cm had features of greater heterogeneity and a lower minimum gray value than borderline lesions. Moderately differentiated HCC was smoother than borderline lesions, and the anechoic area correlated with histologic grading. Microvascular invasion was correlated with a slender shape and a lower minimum gray value.
Low‐Normal Platelets and Decreasing Platelets Are Risk Factors for Hearing Impairment Development
Authors: Abe Yasunori , Toyama Kensuke , Kazurayama Masaya , Tanaka Shinji , Yamaizumi Masamitsu , Ueno Megumi , Spin Joshua M. , Hato Naohito , Mogi Masaki 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveIdentification of undefined risk factors will be crucial for the development of therapeutic strategies in hearing impairment. Platelets are likely to affect the development of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, which is a primary risk factor for permanent hearing impairment. This implies that abnormal platelets might contribute to long‐term hearing loss. This study investigated the role of platelets in the development of hearing impairment over a 5‐year period.MethodsThis study was a retrospective cohort study and consisted of a population‐based survey, which was performed for 1,897 participants in 2014 to 2019. To evaluate the effect of platelet level on hearing ability, the subjects were divided into two groups: a high‐normal platelet group (25 ∼ 40 × 104 cells/μL) and a low‐normal platelet group (15 ∼ 25 × 104 cells/μL). Subjects were defined as having hearing impairment when pure tone audiometry was over 25 dB HL in either ear (tested in 2017 and 2019). Incidence of hearing impairment was analyzed.ResultsIncidence of hearing impairment at low frequencies was significantly higher in the low‐normal platelet group than in the high‐normal group year over year. Low‐normal platelet count associated with low‐frequency hearing impairment (LFHI) incidence (odds ratio [OR], 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–4.76). In the low‐normal platelet group, subjects whose counts declined from baseline developed more LFHI than those whose counts increased over time. Further, decreasing platelets appeared to be an independent risk factor contributing to the incidence of LFHI (OR, 2.10; 95%CI, 1.09–4.06) in the low‐normal platelet group.ConclusionBoth a low‐normal platelet and a declining platelet count were independently associated with the incidence of LFHI.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:E1287–E1295, 2021
Long‐term Quality of Life After Treatment of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ranta Pihla , Kinnunen Ilpo , Jouhi Lauri , Vahlberg Tero , Back Leif J. J. , Halme Elina , Koivunen Petri , Autio Timo , Pukkila Matti , Irjala Heikki 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesTo analyze the long‐term quality of life (QOL) among oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) survivors.Study DesignRetrospective chart analysis and patient response to European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire, Core Module (EORTC QLQ‐C30), Head and Neck Module (EORTC QLQ‐H&N35), and M.D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) survey questionnaires.MethodsAll survivors of OPSCC diagnosed and treated between 2000 and 2009 in Finland were included. There were 263 survivors (44.2% of all curatively treated patients), of which a total of 164 participated in this study (62.4%). Median follow‐up was 11.79 years (range = 8.59–18.53 years, interquartile range [IQR] = 4.64 years). The mean age of the participants was 67.9 years (standard deviation = 8.0 years) at QOL follow‐up.ResultsMost survivors reported a good QOL. The EORTC QLQ‐C30 global health status median was 75.00 (IQR = 31.25). The single modality treatment group had significantly better QOL outcomes than the combined treatment group. Nonsmokers and previous smokers had significantly better QOL outcomes than patients who smoked at the time of diagnosis. A history of heavy alcohol use resulted in significantly worse QOL outcomes. The p16‐positive cancer patients had significantly better QOL outcomes than p16‐negative patients. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube–dependent patients reported a significantly worse QOL than patients without a PEG tube.ConclusionsLong‐term QOL in OPSCC survivors is generally good. In line with previous literature, single modality treatment was superior to combined treatment in long‐term QOL outcomes, and it should be pursued whenever possible.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E1172–E1178, 2021
The role and therapeutic potential of Hsp90, Hsp70, and smaller heat shock proteins in peripheral and central neuropathies
Authors: Chaudhury Subhabrata , Keegan Bradley M. , Blagg Brian S. J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHeat shock proteins (Hsps) are molecular chaperones that also play important roles in the activation of the heat shock response (HSR). The HSR is an evolutionary conserved and protective mechanism that is used to counter abnormal physiological conditions, stressors, and disease states, such as those exemplified in cancer and/or neurodegeneration. In normal cells, heat shock factor‐1 (HSF‐1), the transcription factor that regulates the HSR, remains in a dormant multiprotein complex that is formed upon association with chaperones (Hsp90, Hsp70, etc.), co‐chaperones, and client proteins. However, under cellular stress, HSF‐1 dissociates from Hsp90 and induces the transcriptional upregulation of Hsp70 to afford protection against the encountered cellular stress. As a consequence of both peripheral and central neuropathies, cellular stress occurs and results in the accumulation of unfolded and/or misfolded proteins, which can be counterbalanced by activation of the HSR. Since Hsp90 is the primary regulator of the HSR, modulation of Hsp90 by small molecules represents an attractive therapeutic approach against both peripheral and central neuropathies.
Kretschmann‐ and Otto‐type surface plasmon resonance waveguide sensors in the terahertz regime
Authors: Shibayama Jun , Mitsutake Kota , Yamauchi Junji , Nakano Hisamatsu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractKretschmann‐ and Otto‐type surface plasmon resonance (SPR) waveguide sensors are numerically investigated at terahertz frequencies. The reflectance of a three‐layer model for the Kretschmann‐type sensor is examined with the Fresnel equation, in order to determine the angle of incidence of the waveguide. Using the frequency‐dependent finite‐difference time‐domain method, the SPR response of the waveguide sensor is investigated for temperature variations. It is found that a high sensitivity of 2.63 × 10−2 THz/K more than three times as large as that of the conventional SPR waveguide sensor is successfully achieved with a sensing length of about half that of the conventional one. The Otto‐type waveguide sensor is also examined and discussed. It is revealed that the sensor provides steep and stable SPR responses, maintaining the sensitivity of the Kretschmann‐type one.