bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth disorders in children and adolescents affected by syndromes or diseases associated with neurodysfunction
Authors: Perenc Lidia , Guzik Agnieszka , Podgórska-Bednarz Justyna , Drużbicki Mariusz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe have observed that one in three patients admitted to the Neurological Rehabilitation Ward for Children and Adolescents due to a syndrome or disease associated with neurodysfunction is short of stature for their age. In order to identify the relationship between growth defects (short stature) and syndromes or diseases associated with neurodysfunction, we analyzed data collected during admission to the Neurological Rehabilitation Ward for Children and Adolescents. The study applied a retrospective analysis of data collected during hospitalization of 327 children and adolescents, aged 4–18 years, affected by congenital disorders of the nervous system and/or neurological syndromes associated with a minimum of one neurodysfunction. Two assessment systems were taken into account – one system traditionally applied, and another one in accordance with indications approved by the Food and Drug Administration, related to diagnosing short stature. The findings show more frequent co-occurrence of, as well as statistically significant correlations between, short stature in certain groups: operated myelomeningocele with hydrocephalus in the subgroup of neural tube defects (p = 0.029), tetraplegia in the subgroup of spastic cerebral palsy (p < 0.001), and hypothyroidism (p = 0.04) in the entire study group.
Efficient Laser-Driven Proton Acceleration from a Cryogenic Solid Hydrogen Target
Authors: Polz J. , Robinson A. P. L. , Kalinin A. , Becker G. A. , Fraga R. A. Costa , Hellwing M. , Hornung M. , Keppler S. , Kessler A. , Klöpfel D. , Liebetrau H. , Schorcht F. , Hein J. , Zepf M. , Grisenti R. E. , Kaluza M. C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe report on the successful implementation and characterization of a cryogenic solid hydrogen target in experiments on high-power laser-driven proton acceleration. When irradiating a solid hydrogen filament of 10 μm diameter with 10-Terawatt laser pulses of 2.5 J energy, protons with kinetic energies in excess of 20 MeV exhibiting non-thermal features in their spectrum were observed. The protons were emitted into a large solid angle reaching a total conversion efficiency of several percent. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations confirm our results indicating that the spectral modulations are caused by collisionless shocks launched from the surface of the the high-density filament into a low-density corona surrounding the target. The use of solid hydrogen targets may significantly improve the prospects of laser-accelerated proton pulses for future applications.
Copper sulphate impact on the antioxidant defence system of the marine bivalves Cerastoderma edule and Scrobicularia plana
Authors: Mesquita Andreia F. , Marques Sérgio M. , Marques João C. , Gonçalves Fernando J. M. , Gonçalves Ana M. M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAnthropogenic activities, such as agriculture and industrial activities, are a main source of pollution contributing for the degradation of water quality and thus affecting the living organisms of aquatic systems. Copper is widely used at these practices being often released into the aquatic systems and may cause negative effects in its communities. This study proposes to determine the effects of copper in the antioxidant defence system of two size classes (big and small sizes) of Scrobicularia plana and Cerastoderma edule, two marine bivalve species with commercial interest. It was observed the behaviour activity of the organisms during the exposure to copper sulphate (CS) and was determined the enzymatic activities of glutathione-S-transferases (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (both selenium-dependent (SeGPx) and total (tGPx)) in the muscle tissue (foot). Lipid peroxidation (LPO) was evaluated through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) measurement in the foot. Changes in the behaviour and enzymatic activity were observed. Lipid peroxidation was observed at C. edule and S. plana big and small size classes, respectively, according to TBARS levels. The foot showed to be a good tissue to be used in biochemical analysis to detect the presence of toxicants.
Distinct cell proliferation, myogenic differentiation, and gene expression in skeletal muscle myoblasts of layer and broiler chickens
Authors: Nihashi Yuma , Umezawa Koji , Shinji Sayaka , Hamaguchi Yu , Kobayashi Hisato , Kono Tomohiro , Ono Tamao , Kagami Hiroshi , Takaya Tomohide 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMyoblasts play a central role during skeletal muscle formation and growth. Precise understanding of myoblast properties is thus indispensable for meat production. Herein, we report the cellular characteristics and gene expression profiles of primary-cultured myoblasts of layer and broiler chickens. Broiler myoblasts actively proliferated and promptly differentiated into myotubes compared to layer myoblasts, which corresponds well with the muscle phenotype of broilers. Transcriptomes of layer and broiler myoblasts during differentiation were quantified by RNA sequencing. Ontology analyses of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) provided a series of extracellular proteins as putative markers for characterization of chicken myogenic cells. Another ontology analyses demonstrated that broiler myogenic cells are rich in cell cycle factors and muscle components. Independent of these semantic studies, principal component analysis (PCA) statistically defined two gene sets: one governing myogenic differentiation and the other segregating layers and broilers. Thirteen candidate genes were identified with a combined study of the DEGs and PCA that potentially contribute to proliferation or differentiation of chicken myoblasts. We experimentally proved that one of the candidates, enkephalin, an opioid peptide, suppresses myoblast growth. Our results present a new perspective that the opioids present in feeds may influence muscle development of domestic animals.
Prospective observational study of the effectiveness of prewarming on perioperative hypothermia in surgical patients submitted to spinal anesthesia
Authors: Becerra Ángel , Valencia Lucía , Ferrando Carlos , Villar Jesús , Rodríguez-Pérez Aurelio 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrewarming has been shown to prevent intraoperative inadvertent hypothermia. Nevertheless, data about optimal prewarming-time from published clinical trials report contradictory results. We conducted this pilot study to evaluate routine clinical practice regarding prewarming and its effect on the prevalence of perioperative hypothermia in patients undergoing transurethral resection (TUR) under spinal anesthesia. This was a prospective, observational, pilot study to examine clinical practice in a tertiary hospital regarding prewarming in 140 consecutive patients. When prewarming (pw) was performed, forced-air warming was provided in the pre-anesthesia room for 15 (pw15), 30 (pw30), or 45 (pw45) min. Tympanic temperature was recorded upon entering the pre-anesthesia room, at the time of initiating surgery, and every 15 min intra-operatively. We also recorded duration of the surgical procedure and length of stay in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). Pw15 was performed in 34 patients, pw30 in 29 patients, and pw45 in 21 patients. Fifty-six patients did not receive pw and 96% of them developed hypothermia at the end of the surgical procedure, compared to 73% of patients in pw15 (p = 0.002), 75% in pw30 (p = 0.006) and 90% in pw45 (p = 0.3). Length of stay in the PACU was markedly shorter in pw15 (131 ± 69 min) and pw30 (123 ± 60 min) than in the non-pw group (197 ± 105 min) (p = 0.015 and p = 0.011, respectively). This difference was not significant in pw45 (129 ± 56 min) compared to non-pw patients. In conclusion, prewarming for 15 or 30 min before TUR under spinal anesthesia prevents development of hypothermia at the end of the surgical procedure.
Heating of Ti3C2Tx MXene/polymer composites in response to Radio Frequency fields
Authors: Habib Touseef , Patil Nutan , Zhao Xiaofei , Prehn Evan , Anas Muhammad , Lutkenhaus Jodie L. , Radovic Miladin , Green Micah J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHere we report for the first time that Ti3C2Tx/polymer composite films rapidly heat when exposed to low-power radio frequency fields. Ti3C2TxMXenes possess a high dielectric loss tangent, which is correlated with this rapid heating under electromagnetic fields. Thermal imaging confirms that these structures are capable of extraordinary heating rates (as high as 303 K/s) that are frequency- and concentration-dependent. At high loading (and high conductivity), Ti3C2TxMXene composites do not heat under RF fields due to reflection of electromagnetic waves, whereas composites with low conductivity do not heat due to the lack of an electrical percolating network. Composites with an intermediate loading and a conductivity between 10–1000 S m−1rapidly generate heat under RF fields. This finding unlocks a new property of Ti3C2TxMXenes and a new material for potential RF-based applications.
Magneto-transport properties of a single molecular transistor in the presence of electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions and quantum dissipation
Authors: Kalla Manasa , Chebrolu Narasimha Raju , Chatterjee Ashok 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA single molecular transistor is considered in the presence of electron-electron interaction, electron-phonon interaction, an external magnetic field and dissipation. The quantum transport properties of the system are investigated using the Anderson-Holstein Hamiltonian together with the Caldeira-Leggett model that takes care of the damping effect. The phonons are first removed from the theory by averaging the Hamiltonian with respect to a coherent phonon state and the resultant electronic Hamiltonian is finally solved with the help of the Green function technique due to Keldysh. The spectral function, spin-polarized current densities, differential conductance and spin polarization current are determined.
Extracellular Vesicle-derived circular RNAs confers chemoresistance in Colorectal cancer
Authors: Hon Kha Wai , Ab-Mutalib Nurul Syakima , Abdullah Nik Muhd Aslan , Jamal Rahman , Abu Nadiah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChemo-resistance is associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC), with the absence of early biomarker. Exosomes are microvesicles released by body cells for intercellular communication. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with covalently closed loops and enriched in exosomes. Crosstalk between circRNAs in exosomes and chemo-resistance in CRC remains unknown. This research aims to identify exosomal circRNAs associated with FOLFOX-resistance in CRC. FOLFOX-resistant HCT116 CRC cells (HCT116-R) were generated from parental HCT116 cells (HCT116-P) using periodic drug induction. Exosomes were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Zetasizer and Western blot. Our exosomes were translucent cup-shaped structures under TEM with differential expression of TSG101, CD9, and CD63. We performed circRNAs microarray using exosomal RNAs from HCT116-R and HCT116-P cells. We validated our microarray data using serum samples. We performed drug sensitivity assay and cell cycle analysis to characterize selected circRNA after siRNA-knockdown. Using fold change >2 and p < 0.05, we identified 105 significantly upregulated and 34 downregulated circRNAs in HCT116-R exosomes. Knockdown of circ_0000338 improved the chemo-resistance of CRC cells. We have proposed that circ_0000338 may have dual regulatory roles in chemo-resistant CRC. Exosomal circ_0000338 could be a potential biomarker for further validation in CRC.
Sevoflurane modulates AQPs (1,5) expression and endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice lung with allergic airway inflammation
Authors: Lv Chang-Ming , Wu Hui-Mei , Wu Ling , Xu Guang-Hong , Yang Zhi-Lai , Shen Qi-Ying 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sevoflurane was found to show protective roles in mice with asthma, however, the mechanism of which needs further exploring. Aquaporins (AQPs) have been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma, while endoplasmic reticulum stress has been reported to be related to many inflammatory diseases and involved in protein processing, including AQPs. The present study aimed to determine the role of sevoflurane in AQPs (AQP1,3,4,5) expression in mice with allergic airway inflammation and the probable mechanism. The increased number of inflammatory cells infiltrating the lung tissue, and the elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL) 13 (IL-13) were all decreased after sevoflurane treatment (all P&lt;0.05). Meanwhile, mRNA levels of AQP1 and AQP5 but not AQP3 and AQP4 were decreased in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic mice lung. Both the decreased mRNA expression and protein levels of AQP1 and AQP5 in allergic lung tissues were reversed by sevoflurane treatment. Furthermore, we established that sevoflurane inhibited the OVA-induced protein increase in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers BiP and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). Collectively, these findings suggested that sevoflurane modulated the expression and protein level of AOPs (AQP1, AQP5) as well as inhibited ER stress response in OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation of mice.
The Production of Gesture and Speech by People With Aphasia: Influence of Communicative Constraints
Authors: de Beer Carola , de Ruiter Jan P. , Hielscher-Fastabend Martina , Hogrefe Katharina 
Published: November 2019

PurposePeople with aphasia (PWA) use different kinds of gesture spontaneously when they communicate. Although there is evidence that the nature of the communicative task influences the linguistic performance of PWA, so far little is known about the influence of the communicative task on the production of gestures by PWA. We aimed to investigate the influence of varying communicative constraints on the production of gesture and spoken expression by PWA in comparison to persons without language impairment.MethodTwenty-six PWA with varying aphasia severities and 26 control participants (CP) without language impairment participated in the study. Spoken expression and gesture production were investigated in 2 different tasks: (a) spontaneous conversation about topics of daily living and (b) a cartoon narration task, that is, retellings of short cartoon clips. The frequencies of words and gestures as well as of different gesture types produced by the participants were analyzed and tested for potential effects of group and task.ResultsMain results for task effects revealed that PWA and CP used more iconic gestures and pantomimes in the cartoon narration task than in spontaneous conversation. Metaphoric gestures, deictic gestures, number gestures, and emblems were more frequently used in spontaneous conversation than in cartoon narrations by both participant groups. Group effects show that, in both tasks, PWA's gesture-to-word ratios were higher than those for the CP. Furthermore, PWA produced more interactive gestures than the CP in both tasks, as well as more number gestures and pantomimes in spontaneous conversation.ConclusionsThe current results suggest that PWA use gestures to compensate for their verbal limitations under varying communicative constraints. The properties of the communicative task influence the use of different gesture types in people with and without aphasia. Thus, the influence of communicative constraints needs to be considered when assessing PWA's multimodal communicative abilities.
The XXL Survey
Authors: Eyles R. A. J. , Birkinshaw M. , Smolčić V. , Horellou C. , Huynh M. , Butler A. , Delhaize J. , Vignali C. , Pierre M. 
Published: November 2019

Aims. We investigate the properties of the polarised radio population in the central 6.5 deg2 of the XXL-South field observed at 2.1 GHz using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) in 81 pointings with a synthesised beam of FWHM 5.2″. We also investigate the ATCA’s susceptibility to polarisation leakage.
Methods. We performed a survey of a 5.6 deg2 subregion and calculated the number density of polarised sources. We derived the total and polarised spectral indices, in addition to comparing our source positions with those of X-ray-detected clusters. We measured the polarisation of sources in multiple pointings to examine leakage in the ATCA.
Results. We find 39 polarised sources, involving 50 polarised source components, above a polarised flux density limit of 0.2 mJy at 1.332 GHz. The number density of polarised source components is comparable with recent surveys, although there is an indication of an excess at ∼1 mJy. We find that those sources coincident with X-ray clusters are consistent in their properties with regard to the general population. In terms of the ATCA leakage response, we find that ATCA mosaics with beam separation of ≲2/3 of the primary beam FWHM have off-axis linear polarisation leakage ≲1.4% at 1.332 GHz.
Synthesising the intrinsic FRB population using frbpoppy
Authors: Gardenier D. W. , van Leeuwen J. , Connor L. , Petroff E. 
Published: November 2019

Context. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are radio transients of an unknown origin whose nature we wish to determine. The number of detected FRBs is large enough for a statistical approach to parts of this challenge to be feasible.
Aims. Our goal is to determine the current best-fit FRB population model. Our secondary aim is to provide an easy-to-use tool for simulating and understanding FRB detections. This tool can compare surveys, or provide information about the intrinsic FRB population.
Methods. To understand the crucial link between detected FRBs and the underlying FRB source classes, we performed an FRB population synthesis to determine how the underlying population behaves. The Python package we developed for this synthesis, frbpoppy, is open source and freely available. frbpoppy simulates intrinsic FRB populations and the surveys that find them with the aim to produce virtual observed populations. These populations can then be compared with real data, which allows constraints to be placed on the underlying physics and selection effects.
Results. We are able to replicate real Parkes and ASKAP FRB surveys in terms of detection rates and observed distributions. We also show the effect of beam patterns on the observed dispersion measure distributions. We compare four types of source models. The “complex” model, featuring a range of luminosities, pulse widths, and spectral indices, reproduces current detections best.
Conclusions. Using frbpoppy, an open-source FRB population synthesis package, we explain current FRB detections and offer a first glimpse of what the true population must be.
Simultaneous longitudinal and transverse oscillations in filament threads after a failed eruption
Authors: Mazumder Rakesh , Pant Vaibhav , Luna Manuel , Banerjee Dipankar 
Published: November 2019

Context. Longitudinal and transverse oscillations are frequently observed in the solar prominences and/or filaments. These oscillations are excited by a large-scale shock wave, impulsive flares at one leg of the filament threads, or due to any low coronal eruptions. We report simultaneous longitudinal and transverse oscillations in the filament threads of a quiescent region filament. We observe a large filament in the northwest of the solar disk on July 6, 2017. On July 7, 2017, it starts rising around 13:00 UT. We then observe a failed eruption and subsequently the filament threads start to oscillate around 16:00 UT.
Aims. We analyse oscillations in the threads of a filament and utilize seismology techniques to estimate magnetic field strength and length of filament threads.
Methods. We placed horizontal and vertical artificial slits on the filament threads to capture the longitudinal and transverse oscillations of the threads. Data from Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard Solar Dynamics Observatory were used to detect the oscillations.
Results. We find signatures of large-amplitude longitudinal oscillations (LALOs). We also detect damping in LALOs. In one thread of the filament, we observe large-amplitude transverse oscillations (LATOs). Using the pendulum model, we estimate the lower limit of magnetic field strength and radius of curvature from the observed parameter of LALOs.
Conclusions. We show the co-existence of two different wave modes in the same filament threads. We estimate magnetic field from LALOs and suggest a possible range of the length of the filament threads using LATOs.
The transitional gap transient AT 2018hso: new insights into the luminous red nova phenomenon
Authors: Cai Y.-Z. , Pastorello A. , Fraser M. , Prentice S. J. , Reynolds T. M. , Cappellaro E. , Benetti S. , Morales-Garoffolo A. , Reguitti A. , Elias-Rosa N. , Brennan S. , Callis E. , Cannizzaro G. , Fiore A. , Gromadzki M. , Galindo-Guil F. J. , Gall C. , Heikkilä T. , Mason E. , Moran S. , Onori F. , Sagués Carracedo A. , Valerin G. 
Published: November 2019

Context. The absolute magnitudes of luminous red novae (LRNe) are intermediate between those of novae and supernovae (SNe), and show a relatively homogeneous spectro-photometric evolution. Although they were thought to derive from core instabilities in single stars, there is growing support for the idea that they are triggered by binary interaction that possibly ends with the merging of the two stars.
Aims. AT 2018hso is a new transient showing transitional properties between those of LRNe and the class of intermediate-luminosity red transients (ILRTs) similar to SN 2008S. Through the detailed analysis of the observed parameters, our study supports that it actually belongs to the LRN class and was likely produced by the coalescence of two massive stars.
Methods. We obtained ten months of optical and near-infrared photometric monitoring, and 11 epochs of low-resolution optical spectroscopy of AT 2018hso. We compared its observed properties with those of other ILRTs and LRNe. We also inspected the archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images obtained about 15 years ago to constrain the progenitor properties.
Results. The light curves of AT 2018hso show a first sharp peak (reddening-corrected Mr = −13.93 mag), followed by a broader and shallower second peak that resembles a plateau in the optical bands. The spectra dramatically change with time. Early-time spectra show prominent Balmer emission lines and a weak [Ca II] doublet, which is usually observed in ILRTs. However, the strong decrease in the continuum temperature, the appearance of narrow metal absorption lines, the great change in the Hα strength and profile, and the emergence of molecular bands support an LRN classification. The possible detection of a MI ∼ −8 mag source at the position of AT 2018hso in HST archive images is consistent with expectations for a pre-merger massive binary, similar to the precursor of the 2015 LRN in M101.
Conclusions. We provide reasonable arguments to support an LRN classification for AT 2018hso. This study reveals growing heterogeneity in the observables of LRNe than has been thought previously, which is a challenge for distinguishing between LRNe and ILRTs. This suggests that the entire evolution of gap transients needs to be monitored to avoid misclassifications.