bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near Real-Time Surveillance to Assess the Safety of the 9-Valent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine
Authors: Donahue James G. , Kieke Burney A. , Lewis Edwin M. , Weintraub Eric S. , Hanson Kayla E. , McClure David L. , Vickers Elizabeth R. , Gee Julianne , Daley Matthew F. , DeStefano Frank , Hechter Rulin C. , Jackson Lisa A. , Klein Nicola P. , Naleway Allison L. , Nelson Jennifer C. , Belongia Edward A. 
Published: November 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States and causes certain anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. The 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine (9vHPV) provides protection against additional types not included in the quadrivalent vaccine. We conducted near real-time vaccine safety surveillance for 24 months after the vaccine became available in the Vaccine Safety Datalink.

METHODS:
Immunizations and adverse events were extracted weekly from October 2015 to October 2017 from standardized data files for persons 9 to 26 years old at 6 Vaccine Safety Datalink sites. Prespecified adverse events included anaphylaxis, allergic reaction, appendicitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, injection site reaction, pancreatitis, seizure, stroke, syncope, and venous thromboembolism. The observed and expected numbers of events after 9vHPV were compared weekly by using sequential methods. Both historical and concurrent comparison groups were used to identify statistical signals for adverse events. Unexpected signals were investigated by medical record review and/or additional analyses.

RESULTS:
During 105 weeks of surveillance, 838 991 doses of 9vHPV were administered. We identified unexpected statistical signals for 4 adverse events: appendicitis among boys 9 to 17 years old after dose 3; pancreatitis among men 18 to 26 years old; and allergic reactions among girls 9 to 17 years old and women 18 to 26 years old after dose 2. On further evaluation, which included medical record review, temporal scan analysis, and additional epidemiological analyses, we did not confirm signals for any adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS:
After 2 years of near real-time surveillance of 9vHPV and several prespecified adverse events, no new safety concerns were identified.
Monitoring of cytogenetic instability by micronuclei assay of both immunocompetent and non-immunocompetent cells in tick-borne encephalitis patients depending on variants of glutathione-S-transferase genes in the genotype
Authors: Ilyinskikh Nikolay Nikolaevich , Ilyinskikh Ekaterina Nikolaevna , Zamyatina Evgenia Vladimirovna , Lee Svetoslava Vyacheslavovna 
Published: November 2019

Aim of this study was to study the dynamics of the frequency of cytokinesis-blocked T-lymphocytes with micronuclei in peripheral blood and the frequency of buccal micronucleated epithelium cells for a period of half a year in patients with acute tick-borne encephalitis, depending on burden of active and inactive variants of glutathione-S-transferase genes (GSTM1 and GSTT1) in the patient's genotype. We carried out micronucleus assay in immunocompetent and non-immunocompetent cells in 54 patients with acute tick-borne encephalitis and 35 healthy persons (control) residing in the Tomsk and Tyumen regions. To analyze the frequency of cytokinesis-blocked micronucleated T-lymphocytes was used venous peripheral blood as material for phytohemagglutinin-stimulated cultures, and to study the frequency of buccal micronucleated cells, samples of the buccal mucous membrane epithelial cells were obtained. To carried out both techniques of micronucleus assay, cytological preparations were prepared, which were stained using the Giemsa or Felgen methods. The material for the study was obtained repeatedly during admission of patients to treatment, and also after 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months. Polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the alleles of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes. As a result of this analysis was found a significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells in tick-borne encephalitis patients compared with the control group. In addition, the frequency of cytokinesis-blocked micronucleated T-lymphocytes was increased significantly higher than the one of micronucleated buccal cells. The most significant and prolonged increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells was associated with the mutant inactive variants of the genes GSTM1 (0/0) and GSTT1 (0/0). In the patients with burden the inactive forms of these genes, the cytogenetic instability of the cytokinesis-blocked blood T-lymphocytes could persist for up to six months. In case of buccal cells, the frequency of micronucleated cells was close to the one in the control group as early as 1-3 months after a course of treatment. Conclusion. It was found that the most increased and prolonged frequency of cytogenetically instable cells persisted in cytokinesis-blocked T-lymphocytes of peripheral blood of patients with tick-borne encephalitis who were carriers of the genotype with inactive variants of both GSTM1 (0/0) and GSTT1 (0/0 ) glutathione-S-transferase genes.
Ipilimumab and Gemcitabine for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Phase Ib Study
Authors: Kamath Suneel D. , Kalyan Aparna , Kircher Sheetal , Nimeiri Halla , Fought Angela J. , Benson Al , Mulcahy Mary 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains resistant to chemotherapy and immunotherapy individually because of its desmoplastic stroma and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Synergizing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) immune checkpoint blockade with chemotherapy could overcome these barriers. Here we present results of a phase Ib trial combining ipilimumab and gemcitabine in advanced PDAC.

Materials and Methods
This was a single-institution study with a 3 + 3 dose-escalation design. The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary objectives included determining the toxicity profile, objective response rate (ORR), median progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results
Twenty-one patients were enrolled, 13 during dose escalation and 8 at the MTD. The median age was 66 years, 62% were female, 95% had stage IV disease, and 67% had received at least one prior line of therapy. The primary objective to establish the MTD was achieved at doses of ipilimumab 3 mg/kg and gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m2. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were anemia (48%), leukopenia (48%), and neutropenia (43%). The ORR was 14% (3/21), and seven patients had stable disease. Median response duration for the three responders was 11 months, with one response duration of 19.8 months. Median PFS was 2.78 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.61–4.83 months), and median OS was 6.90 months (95% CI, 2.63–9.57 months).

Conclusion
Gemcitabine and ipilimumab is a safe and tolerable regimen for PDAC with a similar response rate to gemcitabine alone. As in other immunotherapy trials, responses were relatively durable in this study.

Implications for Practice
Gemcitabine and ipilimumab is a safe and feasible regimen for treating advanced pancreatic cancer. Although one patient in this study had a relatively durable response of nearly 20 months, adding ipilimumab to gemcitabine does not appear to be more effective than gemcitabine alone in advanced pancreatic cancer.
Literacy in Hungary - a short country report based on ELINET framework
Authors: Szabó Ildikó 
Published: November 2019

<p>The European Literacy Policy Network, ELINET, was established in February 2014 with the aim to improve literacy policies in order to reduce the number of children, young people and adults with low literacy skills. The network was founded to complete a two-year work programme targeted to develop evidence-based tools for all actors in the diverse field of literacy, as well as support existing and initiate new activities. ELINET intended to further expand and deepen the knowledge on literacy in working out separate Literacy Country Reports for all involved countries including Hungary based on ELINET framework. The aim of the article is to present the results of a study carried out in Hungary in the years 2014-2016 within the ELINET project’.</p><p> </p>
Strategic reading: Towards a better understanding of its role in L2/FL learning and teaching contexts
Authors: Chodkiewicz Halina 
Published: November 2019

<p>Evolving approaches to the conceptualization of reading have created conducive grounds for rethinking the role of strategic reading in second/foreign language contexts. However, despite a wide recognition of the effectiveness of strategic reading, such critical issues as strategy identification, modelling reading strategy taxonomies, and their implications<br />for establishing principles for actual classroom practice are still being debated on. This article intends to look more closely at current insights into the strategy dimension of the reading process, which, according to the current author, play an enlightening role in defining the utility of reading strategies in helping second/foreign language learners reach their goals in reading and through reading. Hence, the article mainly focuses on promoting text comprehension, language and reading skills improvement, and content learning from text. The author articulates the need for a better understanding of how the potential effects of strategic text processing can be addressed in L2 reading practice.</p>
Conductas de búsqueda de información en Internet en estudiantes universitarios de Comunicación Social en Ecuador
Authors: Henriquez-Coronel Patricia Maria , Moreno Hernández Yusbelia 
Published: November 2019

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio piloto realizado en la Facultad Ciencias de la Comunicación de una universidad de Ecuador, cuyos objetivos fueron describir las conductas de búsqueda de información en Internet de los estudiantes, evaluar su nivel de conocimiento de las TIC e identificar el factor motivacional que les lleva a realizar investigaciones científicas. Se trata de un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, con alcance descriptivo y de tipo transversal. En una primera fase, se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra de 60 alumnos para medir su conocimiento de las TIC y otro para conocer los factores que les motivaban a investigar. Posteriormente, se realizaron sesiones de navegación y búsqueda de información en Internet, con 20 estudiantes voluntarios. El diario del investigador sirvió para tomar apuntes de lo observado mientras los alumnos realizaban las tareas de búsqueda. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que el conocimiento de la mayoría de alumnos sobre las TIC es básico o intermedio. El factor que predomina como motivación para investigar es el de formar un hábito personal y contribuir a una cultura de investigación en su entorno. Sobre las conductas de búsqueda de los estudiantes se centran exclusivamente en el acceso a la información sin evaluar su calidad y su origen. Hacen búsquedas simples y como criterio emplean el lenguaje natural. Escogen los tres primeros resultados que les reporta el buscador y copian los textos textualmente obviando el proceso de referenciado. No realizan procesos de análisis o síntesis
¿Migrantes económicos o refugiados? Sobre los flujos mixtos en las migraciones irregulares
Authors: Ferreira Santos Valdirene 
Published: November 2019

Este trabajo discute la ampliación de las causas y complejidades de las migraciones internacionales en el mundo globalizado, enfocando principalmente en los flujos migratorios mixtos, en los cuales se torna difícil establecer distinciones entre los migrantes económicos y los demandantes de protección internacional. En este sentido, problematiza las normas internacionales empleadas para distinguir los migrantes considerados refugiados de aquellos considerados económicos. Al relacionar los flujos migratorios mixtos a las tendencias de las migraciones globales e irregulares, considera que los criterios empleados por los países de destino para aceptar o rechazar inmigrantes irregulares ni siempre contemplan las nuevas demandas por protección internacional. En este sentido, argumenta que la definición del estatuto de refugiado y el concepto de flujos mixtos carecen de una revisión para contemplar las nuevas realidades das migraciones internacionales. Tomando los movimientos migratorios en la frontera sur da España como ejemplo empírico de la problemática discutida, enfoca principalmente en el caso de los migrantes provenientes de los países subsaharianos para el territorio español a partir de los años 1990. Al analizar la falta de reconocimiento de las demandas de protección internacional en relación a migrantes irregulares considerados económicos y así rechazados en la frontera o repatriados, concluye que el foco de las políticas migratorias direccionadas para el combate a la inmigración irregular por razones económicas puede contribuir para la invisibilidad de los flujos mixtos.
THE FACTORS OF IMPACT ON CONTENT AND DYNAMICS OF LEGISLATION EVOLUTION
Authors: N. Oleinykov Sergii , Yu. Mamychev Alexey , S. Shestopal Sergey , A. Plotnikov Andrey , A. Sarychev Igor 
Published: November 2019

Purpose: Ensuring the rule of law, human rights, the principles of constitutionalism and the democratization of society, the factor analysis of legislation remains relevant during the period of transformation of state and public institutions.
Methodology: The study of factors is present at the theoretical and applied levels: the subject of the theory of law traditionally captures the laws and trends in the formation of the legislative system, primarily in connection with the factors that determine the boundaries and scope of legal regulation. 50 surveys conducted to investigate the factors of impact on content and dynamic of legislation evolution
Result: The analysis of the impact factors of influence on the content, structure, and dynamics of the legislation, which is always conditioned by the development of objective and subjective circumstances, is in the focus of the paper. The study of factors is especially relevant in the period of society's and its legal system transformation in the direction of ensuring the rule of law and human rights. Research puts emphasis on the development of forecasting principles of legislation evolution dynamics.
Applications: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the factors of impact on content and dynamics of legislation evolution is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
LIPID METABOLISM DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: Tkachenko L. I. , Maleev V. V. , Sarieva D. M. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose of the study. To study lipid metabolism in chronic hepatitis C and to assess its impact on the formation of insulin resistance, steatosis and progression of liver fibrosis.Materials and methods. The study included 205 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Conducts research, depending on the genotype C, viral load and body mass index (BMI) of the patients.Results. CHC patients revealed a combined hyperlipoproteinemia on the background of op-pression synthesis of apolipoproteins A1 and B. Formation of hepatic steatosis was associated with HCV genotype 3 virus-induced viral load at ≥ 6 log10 IU/ml and metabolic in VL < 6 log10 IU/ml. In patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1, high viral load leads to inhibition of protein synthesis conveyor ApoA1 and increased synthesis of cholesterol, accompanied by abdominal obesity and the formation of insulin resistance. CHC patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 viral load ≥ 6 log10 ME/ml was associated with dyslipidemia IV type on D. Fredriskson (1970), hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and diabetes. The advanced stage of liver fi brosis (F ≥ 3 on a scale METAVIR) and non-response to treatment were associated with a decrease in HDL cholesterol below normal. With an increase in viral load > 5 log10 ME/ml signifi cantly increased the risk of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.
Effects of Kapok Seed Extract(Ceiba pentandra Gaertn) as Contraceptive Agent to the Quality of the Spermatozoa in Domestic Cat (Felis domestica)
Authors: Mughniati Sitti , Sari Dwi Kesuma , Rendrawan Dedy , Rahim Lellah 
Published: November 2019

Contraception is a way to prevent the fusion of mature egg cell and sperm during the intercourse, so the fertilization will not occur. Some contraceptive methods in small animals have been evolved. This research aimed to determine the effects of kapok seed (Ceiba pentandra Gaertn) extract as contraception agent to the quality of spermatozoain domestic cats. The animals were divided into four group with each group consisted of six male cats. Group I, II, III was designated as the treatment groups and IV as the control group. The cats were given the emulsion of kapok seeds extract orally with concentration of 0,1% b/v, 0,71 mg/kg BB, 0,36 mg/kg BB and 0,21 mg/kg BB doses. This study used Randomized Complete Random Design (RAL) design from sperm quality data and used ANOVA statistic test. The result showed that the concentration of sperm decreased in the treatment groups compared with the control group. Statistically, the sperm concentration decreased significantly (P < 0,05) between the control group and treatment groups. The average motility in low and medium doses was above 40% while it was below than 40% in the high doses group. Based on the results, the granting of kapok seed extract inhibited the viability of spermatozoa of cats with significant results (P < 0,05). Sperm abnormalities in this study was obtained from the control group with percentage average of 1 % , while it was significantly increased in the treatment groups marked by abnormalities in the shape of the head and tail of the spermatozoa. These results suggested that kapok seed extract can be used as one of the contraceptive agents in domestic cat (Felis domestica) because it can decrease the sperm quality significantly.
Nutrition Value, Feed Efficiency and Species of Seagrass as a Feed of Wild Dugong (Dugong dugon) in Lingayan island, Tolitoli, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Nurdin Muhammad Ardiansyah , Suprayogi Agik , Satyaningtijas Aryani Sismin , Darusman Huda Salahuddin 
Published: November 2019

Dugong are endangered herbivorous marine mammals, which one of the causes of extinction is degradation of seagrass as main feed of the dugong to survive. Aim of this study was to measure the quality of seagrass of wild dugong in Lingayan island, Central Sulawesi. The results showed proximat analysis value of Halophyla minor, Halodule uninervis and Cymodocea rotundata as seagrass species respectively showed values crude protein of 6.86%, 7.69% and 8.79%, crude fiber of 10.77%, 18.36% and 24.26 %, crude fat of 0.99%, 1.81 and 1.5%, calcium of 0.79%, 2.12% and 1.89%, phosphorus of 0.34%, 0.34% and 0.26 and gross energy of 163.4 cal / kg, 300.5 cal / kg and 319.5 cal / kg. Cymodocea rotundata is the best feed for dugong because it contains high energy of 319.5 cal/kg and high protein 8.79%, if compared with Halophyla minor of 1622 cal/kg) and Halodule uninervis of 3014 cal/kg) furthermore Cymodocea rotundata has a fairly high crude fat content of 1.44% which will increase fat levels under the skin (subcutaneous ) dugong as insulators of changing environmental conditions. High concentrations of fiber in Cymodocea rotundata 25.26% can help retain water as long as food passes in the intestine. The levels of nutrients in Cymodocea rotundata which found in Lingayan island deserve highest nutritious feed of dugong.
Improving the Quality of Oocytes of Old and Productive Ages White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Using Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin
Authors: Suleman Sultania A , Andriyanto Andriyanto , Mustika Aulia Andi , Manalu Wasmen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract This study was conducted to improve the quality of oocytes in old-female rats by using pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG). Female rats at productive age were used as a control. The experimental rats were injected with 4 doses of PMSG i.e., 0, 2.5, 5.0, and 10 IU PMSG. After 2 weeks of acclimation to the experimantal condition, the experimental rats were injected with PGF2α at a dose of 25µg/g BW two times with 2 days interval to synchronize estrous cycle. PMSG injections were conducted at the same time with the second PGF2α injection. After PMSG injection, the experimental rats were divided into two groups rats, i.e., rats without mating for masurement of oocyte qualities and rats mated for measurement of offspring qualities. Therefore, 16 experimental rats from each age group were sacrifized for maeasurement of oocyte qualities. The other 16 experimental rats for each age group were mated for measurement of offspring qualities. Parameters measured were hematological profile, uterine and ovarian weights, the qualities of oocytes, the qualities of the offsspring born by using swimming test and rat maze test. The collected data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with Duncan test with a 95% confidence level. The data were analyzed using SSPS. The results showed that the improvement in the quality of oocytes in old female rats using the PMSG hormone in this study showed an increase in the quality of oocytes in old and productive age rats. The highest number of oocyte quality was found in rats of productive age (3.25) and significantly different (P< 0.05) from the other oocyte qualities. The quality of offspring born to old age and productive age rats injected with PMSG were improved. It was concluded that the improvement of oocyte quality by using PMSG also improves offspring qualities.
Challenges and Modeling Results of a Mature Rich Gas Condensate Field Redevelopment Study Applying Depletion and Multiple EOR Methods to Unlock Field Potential
Authors: Al Kharusi Dawood , Cobanoglu Mustafa , Al Shukri Ibrahim , Al Bulushi Samiya , Helmy Mohamed , Al Housni Mahmood , Al Khaziri Sausan , Al Hinaai Abdullah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A large rich gas condensate field in The Sultanate of Oman has been studied. 30 gas wells were drilled in the field producing 3 MMm3/d of gas and 450 m3/d of condensate from the Barik formation. Water production is negligible. A redevelopment study was initiated with value drivers focused on maximizing the gas and condensate development.
New wide azimuth seismic (WAZ) was interpreted and integrated with new petrophysical realizations and geological concepts. This has resulted in a 20% drop in both the GIIP and the CIIP. Earlier wells results and cores when fully re-evaluated support this conclusion. Petrophysical reinterpretation combined with production testing (PLTs) and sampling (MDTs) showed two potential contact scenarios. The field can either be interpreted as having one GWC or it can be interpreted as having an oil rim with a GOC and an OWC. Both of these interpretations result in very different predictions regarding volumetric recoveries, future well locations, and number of wells to be drilled.
Static and dynamic models based on these two broad realizations were then generated that capture all the known uncertainties.
For the Gas development value driver, a depletion case scenario was studied. For the condensate development value driver, a study of IOR and EOR methods was initiated covering water injection and water alternating gas, nitrogen injection, huff and buff, produced gas injection, and CO2 injection.
Wells and surface development concepts were also assessed for each of the development scenarios and the best option was then used in the economics evaluation.