bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy and Mechanism of Autologous Fat Stem Cells Combined with Microcarrier 6 Transplantation for Anal Fistula Treatment
Authors: Li Yansen , Fan Mingfeng , Le Hanxiang , Xu Xiangjun , Wang Shuai , Kong Lingyu , Bi Yanzhen , Tang Huixin , Cheng Shumin , Hong Feng , Chao Min 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) function in multi-directional differentiation, proliferation, and tissue regeneration. It is not clear whether microcarrier 6 can promote the migration, differentiation, and regeneration of fat stem cells, and improve therapeutic effects for the treatment of anal fistula.Methods: Japanese big ear rabbits were employed to establish an anal fistula model, and ASC-microcarrier 6 mixed transplantation was used as a treatment. HE staining, immunohistochemistry, and RNA sequencing were used to observe the effect of ASC-microcarrier 6 transplantation on anal fistula healing, in comparison with the ASC treatment group, rubber band operation group, and control group.Results: HE staining indicated scattered striated muscle cells and epithelial tissues in fistula tissues of the ASC-microcarrier 6 complex group and the ASC treatment group, while a small number of lymphocytes were clustered around the microcarrier 6, and fat cell aggregation was seen in the ASC treatment group. RNA sequence analysis showed that differential genes were mainly concentrated in striated muscle cells, vascular smooth muscle, and other tissues. PI3K/AKT signaling pathway molecules were significantly enriched, granulation tissue and lymphocyte infiltration were observed in the rubber band string operation group, and a large amount of necrotic tissue was seen in the control group.Conclusion: Microcarrier 6 is beneficial to the multi-directional differentiation of ASCs, which can provide a good environment for the survival of ASCs and promote fistula healing.
Roles of metabolic regulation in developing Quercus variabilis acorns at contrasting geologically-derived phosphorus sites in subtropical China
Authors: Yuan Jun , Sun Ningxiao , Du Hongmei , Yin Shan , Kang Hongzhang , Umair Muhammad , Liu Chunjiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPhosphorus (P) -rich soils develop in phosphorite residing areas while P-deficient soils are ubiquitous in subtropical regions. Little has been reported that how metabolites participate in the seed development and the processes involved in their coping with contrasting-nutrient environments.ResultsHere we quantified the metabolites of Quercus variabilis acorns in early (July), middle (August), and late (September) development stages at geologically-derived contrasting-P sites in subtropical China using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The primary metabolic pathways included sugar metabolism, the TCA cycle, and amino acid metabolism. Most metabolites (especially C- and N-containing metabolites) increased and then decreased from July to September. Acorns between the two sites were significantly discriminated at the three stages, respectively, by metabolites (predominantly sugars and organic acids). Concentrations of P, orthophosphoric acid and most sugars were higher; erythrose was lower in late-stage acorns at P-rich sites than those at P-deficient sites. No significant differences existed in the size and dry mass of individual acorns between oak populations at the two sites. ConclusionsOak acorns at the two sites formed distinct metabolic phenotypes related to their distinct geologically-derived soil conditions, and the late-stage acorns tended to increase P-use-efficiency in the material synthesis process at P-deficient sites, relative to those at P-rich sites.
Melatonin activates adventitious root formation by promoting the function of MdWOX11 in apple
Authors: Mao Jiangping , Niu Chundong , Li Ke , Tahir Muhammad Mobeen , Han Mingyu , Zhang Dong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Melatonin (MT) plays a key role in the plant growth and development, however, whether MT involved in apple adventitious root (AR) development is not entirely understood. In present study, we set up four MT-treated groups at different times according to the stages of AR development and one control group in Malus domestica (MP), endogenous hormones levels of MT, auxin (IAA), zeatin-riboside (ZR), gibberellins (GA1 + 3), abscisic acid (ABA) were analyzed in five groups, then the expression of MT signal, IAA synthesis, transport, and signal transduction, cell cycle, and root development related genes were measured by RT-qPCR, the function of MdWOX11 was analyzes by technology of apple transgenic.
Results
Advance of AR development by MT is depended on its promotion of stage of AR induction at 0–2 d in the apple rootstocks. MT-treated increased IAA levels, there were crosstalk between MT and IAA during inducing AR formation. Expression analysis exposed that the expression of MdWOX11 induced by MT-treatment, and positively regulated AR formation in apple. Furthermore, MdWOX11 over-expressed lines produced more ARs than ‘GL3’, phenotypic analysis indicated that MdWOX11 over-expressed lines were more sensitive to exogenous MT-treatment than ‘GL3’, it was also indicated that MdWOX11 regulated AR formation in response to MT in apple rootstock.
Conclusions
MT promotes AR formation mainly during AR induction stage by inducing IAA levels as well as by up-regulation of MdWOX11.
Nutritional support with energy and nutrient-dense formula for children with congenital heart defects: A clinical trial
Authors: Moghadam Ehsan Aghaei , Mirzaaghayan Mohammad Reza , Goedhart Annemiek C. , Hogenhuis Jochem , Zeinaloo Aliakbar , Azamakhlaghi Atoosa , Zanjani Keyhan Sayadpour , Rad Elaheh Malekan , Rabbani Ali , Ashrafi Mahmoudreza , Alavi Amir Hossein , Sadegh Saba Salamzadeh , Amini Sima , Etesamnia Nastaran , Mohebbi Ali , Ghamari Azin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: A large proportion of infants with congenital heart defects (CHD) suffer from malnutrition. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of using energy- and nutrient-dense formula on weight gain in malnourished infants with CHD before surgery. Methods: This was a one arm, open label intervention study, conducted in the pediatric cardiology department of children’s medical center, Teheran, Iran. 49 infants with moderate/high risk cardiac defects who were undernourished (WFA z-score ≤ - 2) and were candidates for surgical repair were enrolled in this study. Infants on regular infant formula were switched completely to energy- and nutrient-dense formula. The infants were evaluated for growth parameters (weight and length) at enrolment and every 3 weeks thereafter at the center for a period of 12 weeks. Results: The average head circumference was 37.1+2.8 cm at baseline and 39.0+3.46 cm at the final assessment (p=0.079). The mean MUAC increased from 11.25+1.39 cm at baseline to 14.75+2.06 cm at the final assessment (p=0.001). The average intake of energy- and nutrient-dense formula was 148.24+214.737 Kcal/day (36.23+ 52.49 Kcal/kg/day) at study start and 455.4+177.21 Kcal/day (98.61 ± 38.27 Kcal/kg/day) at the end of the study. The WFA z-score improved significantly on each visit during the follow-up interval (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The results of the current study highlight the efficacy of preoperative feeding with energy- and nutrient dense formula in improving weight gain of malnourished infants with CHD.reference number: IR.TUMS.VCR.REC.1396.3543
Griseococcin(1) from Bovistella radicata (Mont.) Pat and antimicrobial activity
Authors: qingmei zeng , ye yong , Zeng Qinghua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the antifungal activity of B. radicata fermentation broth, the broth was purified by DEAE-cellulose and sephadex LC-20 column. The compounds were submitted to spectral analysises(HPLC, FT-IR, 1D and 2D NMR etc.). Results: The purified compounds were identified as the Griseococcin(s) which were naphthoquinone derivatives, only Griseococcin(1) has antifungal activity among the Griseococcin(s). Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and zone of inhibition(ZOI) of Griseococcin(1) were 31.2, 31.2 μg/ml and 18.06±0.85 mm, 15.01±1.02 mm respectively against main pathogenic fungus Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes, the Chemical formula and MW of Griseococcin(1) was determined as C37O10H43N and 661Da.Conclusions: In this paper, the secondary metabolite compound Griseococcin(1) from B. radicata was purified. The purified compound can restrain main pathogens(T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes) leading to tinea pedis. The antifungal activity of Griseococcin(1) was similar to that of the positive control.
Relationship Between the Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines in the Aqueous Humor and Cataract in Fuchs Uveitis Syndrome-A Case Control Study
Authors: Wang Hui , Tao Yong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
This study aims to compare the levels of intraocular cytokines between FUS eyes and the senile cataract eyes. The association between inflammatory cytokine levels and cataract severity in FUS is evaluated to find the possible mechanism of cataract in FUS eyes.
Methods
A retrospective study of 28 eyes with FUS was performed. Auxiliary examinations were performed, including ophthalmic examinations, laser flare-cell photometry, and levels of inflammatory cytokines in the aqueous humor were measured. The control group included 25 eyes with senile cataract. Data on the aqueous humor inflammatory cytokines were compared between the two groups. The association between the aqueous humor cytokine levels and severity of cataract was assessed.
Results
There were 28 eyes with FUS in 27 patients. Unilateral involvement was noted in 26 patients (96.30%). Stellate keratic precipitates (KPs) were noted in 16 eyes (57.14%). Heterochromia was observed in 21.43% of affected eyes. Posterior capsular opacification cataract was observed in 16 of the 28 eyes. Eyes with FUS had significantly higher aqueous humor cytokine levels (VEGF, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) compared with the control eyes (P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the severity of cataract and IL-6 and IL-8 levels in the aqueous humor (τ = 0.675 and 0.793, respectively; P = 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions
Expression of VEGF, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in the aqueous humor of FUS patients was significantly higher than in senile cataract eyes, and the aqueous levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly positively associated with the severity of posterior capsular opacification of cataract. Our results imply that an inflammation mechanism may be involved in the early development of cataract in FUS.
What’s Different about Teratoma-Associated LGI1 Encephalitis? A Long-Term Clinical and Neuroimaging Case Series
Authors: Li Cun , Cai Hong-bin , Zhao Xu , Xi Xin-cong , Zhou Qing , Luo Hui-ya , Tang Zhou-ping , Kang Huicong , Kirsch Heidi E. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis is clinically heterogeneous, especially at presentation, and though it is sometimes found in association with tumor, this is by no means the rule. The aim of this study is to report a case of teratoma-associated LGI1 encephalitis, to summarize a retrospective series of LGI1 encephalitis and compare them. Methods Clinical data for 10 people with LGI1 encephalitis were collected. Patients were divided into those with and without associated teratoma, and compared for clinical characteristics. Microscopic pathological examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) assay of the LGI1 antibody were performed on teratoma tissue obtained by laparoscopic oophorocystectomy. Results The LGl1 patient with teratoma was similar to the non-teratoma (NT) group in many ways: age at onset (average 47.3 in NT group); percent presenting with rapidly progressive dementia (RPD) (67% of NT group) and psychiatric symptoms (33%); hyponatremia (78%); normal cerebrospinal fluid results except for positive LGI1 antibody (78%); bilateral hippocampal hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (44%); diffuse slow waves on electroencephalography (EEG) (33%); good response to immunotherapy (67%); and mild residual cognitive deficit (22%). Her chronic anxiety and presentation with status epilepticus were the biggest differences compared with the NT group. Teratoma pathology was characterized by mostly thyroid tissue and IHC assay confirmed positive LGI1 expression. Conclusion In our series, LGI1 encephalitis included common clinical features: RPD, faciobrachial dystonic seizures, behavioral disorders, hyponatremia, T2-MRI hyperintensity of hippocampus and residual cognitive deficit. We observed some differences in our case with teratoma, but a larger accumulation of cases is needed to improve our knowledge base.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Involved in Regulating Mitochondria Function in Cardiomyocytes through Nrf2 and PGC-1α Signaling
Authors: Lee Shih-Yi , Wu Shao-Tung , Su Ming-Jai , Liang Yao-Jen , Ku Hui-Chun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the detoxification ability of reactive intermediates. It will lead to mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, resulting in the dysfunction of bioenergetic control and loss of ATP production, which is contributed to the pathogenesis of cardiac diseases. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a transmembrane glycoprotein ubiquitously expressed and has multifunctional properties. DPP4 inhibitors are a class of oral diabetes drugs that inhibit the enzyme activity. In addition to its enzymatic property, considerably less is known regarding the nonenzymatic function of DPP4.Methods: We knocked down DPP4 gene expression in cultured cardiomyocytes to exclude any external and enzymatic substrate effects and compared the response between DPP4 knockdown and wild-type cardiomyocytes in response to oxidative stress.Results: H2O2-induced oxidative stress-stimulated intracellular and mitochondrial ROS concentration led to the loss of mitochondrial function, ATP production, and increased Bax and cleaved PARP expression, resulting in the loss of cell viability in cardiomyocytes. Oxidative stress induced DPP4 expression. Knocking down DPP4 ameliorated H2O2-induced loss of cell viability by preserving mitochondrial bioenergy, reducing intracellular ROS production, alleviating apoptosis-associated protein expression. Knocking down DPP4 increased its capability against oxidative stress by enhancing Nrf2 and PGC-1α signaling, which is associated with preserving mitochondrial function.Conclusions: DPP4 is a mediator of oxidative stress. Knocking down DPP4 without any external substrate mediators increased the capability of cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress, which indicated that DPP4 mediated more than the enzymatic-dependent pathway.
Experimental Investigation on the Viscoelastic Properties of Constituents in Mudstone
Authors: Sun Changlun , Li Guichen , Elgharib Gomah Mohamed , Xu Jiahui , Rong Haoyu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In deep underground engineering, the creep behaviors of soft rocks have been widely investigated to help understand the mechanism of the time-dependent large deformation and failure of underground engineering structures. However, rocks were used to be regarded as homogeneous materials and there are limited studying results about the time-dependent properties of constituents in them to reveal their creep mechanism. In this context, the targeting nanoindentation technique (TNIT) was adopted to investigate the viscoelastic characteristics of kaolinite and quartz in a two-constituent mudstone sample. The TNIT consists of identifications of mineralogical constituents in mudstone and nanoindentation experiments on identified constituents. After conducting experiments, the unloading stages of the typical indentation curves were analyzed to calculate the hardness and elastic modulus of constituents in mudstone. And the 180 s load-holding stages with the maximum load of 50 mN were transformed to the typical creep strain-time curves for fitting analysis by using the Kelvin model, the standard viscoelastic model and the extended viscoelastic model. Fitting results show that the standard viscoelastic model can perfectly express the nanoindentation creep behaviors of both kaolinite and quartz and fitting constants are suitable to be used to calculate their creep parameters. The creep parameters of kaolinite are much smaller than that of quartz, which drives the time-dependent large deformation of the soft mudstone. At last, the standard viscoelastic model was verified on a sandstone sample.
Antibacterial Activity of cLFchimera and its Synergistic Potential with Antibiotics against Some Foodborne Pathogens Bacteria
Authors: Roshanak Sahar , Pirkhezranian Zana , Shahidi Fakhri , Sekhavati Mohammad hadi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Frequent and unlimited use of antibiotics caused the development of antibiotic resistance by microorganisms. Therefore, there is an argent need to discover novel antibacterial agents or a combination of agents as a safe treatment strategy for various infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the synergistic effects of cLFchimera, an antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and antibiotics on several foodborne bacterial strains. Methods: A checkerboard method was used to determine the synergistic effects of cLFchimera and several antibiotics (Gentamicin, Cefazolin and Ceftazidime) on bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi). Results: The combination of cLFchimera and antibiotics generated a total and partial synergistic interaction for all foodborne bacterial strain used in the present study (FIC= 0.25 to 0.77). In most cases, the effect of peptide and antibiotic synergist on release of cellular content was not different compared to antibiotics when they used alone, but the count of viable cells significantly decreased in combination peptide and antibiotics treatments. Generally, antibacterial dynamics of the combination of peptide and antibiotics showed an increase and stable trend after reaching the peak point for E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. typhi, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that bacterial cells treated with the combination Gentamycin and cLFchimera were markedly damaged, and most of the outermost layer of the bacterial cells disappeared. Conclusion: Overall, our results may suggest that cLFchimera mediated its synergistic activity independent to antibiotics mode of action by disrupting the cell membrane and intramolecular mechanisms.
A new reference to evaluate the collapse of the posterior facet in displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures
Authors: Wei Xiaohua , Zhao Jifu , Cui Wenbo , Chen Wenfeng , Lan Xiaosu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWe proposed a new method to evaluate the height of the posterior articular surface in displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (DIACFs) by drawing two lines on the lateral radiograph of hindfoot: one line was drawn from the apex of the posterior facet to the apex of the posterior tuberosity (the apex line), and the other line was drawn from the apex of the anterior process to the posterior process (the anterior posterior process line). The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between these two lines in normal calcanei and their changes in DIACFs.MethodsLateral radiographs of normal calcanei and DIACFs between January 2018 and February 2020 were collected. We draw two lines on the lateral radiograph, one line was the apex line and the other line was the anterior posterior process line. The value of the angle formed by these two lines was recorded, if these two lines were parallel to each other, the angle was recorded as 0°. if these two lines formed an angle anteriorly this was recorded as positive, and if these two lines formed an angle behind the calcaneum this was recorded as negative.ResultsIn 135 normal calcanei lateral radiographs, the minimum angle was − 8°, and the maximum angle was 6°, with an average angle of -1 ± 3°. In 145 DIACFs, the minimum angle was 6°; the maximum angle was 37°, and the average angle was 17°±6°. The difference between normal calcanei and DIACFs was statistically significant (P༜.001).ConclusionThe relationship between the apex line and the anterior posterior process line on lateral radiograph can evaluate the height of the calcaneal posterior facet simply and accurately. The two lines are approximately parallel or angulated backward in the normal calcanei, in DIACFs, these two lines angulated forward.Level of Evidence: Level III-retrospective comparative study.
Quantifying Macro Logistics Cost of India
Authors: Pratap Devender , Gupta Devendra B , Pohit Sanjib 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Globalisation has opened up economic opportunities for developing countries in the form of outflow of value-added services, low-cost raw materials , human resource skills, improved market access for their exports, efficiency gains in their economies through technology transfer and spill-over, and resource re-allocations. Consequently, various developing countries, including India, have increasingly begun to position themselves for greater participation in regional and global markets. It goes without saying that India needs to build its capacity for establishing linkages with global and regional markets for deriving the optimal benefits of engaging with the globalised world. This, in turn, depends on the creation of an efficient logistics system. For this purpose, most of the developed and emerging countries estimate logistics costs on a regular basis, and use performance indicators to measure the efficiency levels of logistics activities. Till now, no attempt has been made to estimate logistics cost of India by the official statistical organisation. Two estimate of logistics cost computed by private bodies are usually quoted when one refers to Indian estimate. However, the methodology of the two needs serious introspection. In this context, this paper makes an attempt to estimate logistics cost of India.
Parecoxib alleviates the inflammatory effect of leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma in normal rabbit tendons
Authors: Zhou Ming , Wang Ning , Wang Gang , Jia Zishan , Qi Xiaolei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is widely used to treat tendon injuries. Its therapeutic effect varies depending on the different cell components, and white blood cells (WBCs) may play an important role in this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how PRP with different concentrations of WBCs affect normal rabbit tendon and assess whether non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can suppress the catabolic effects of WBCs.Methods: Sixteen adult New Zealand White rabbits were used. Blood samples were collected from each rabbit, and PRP was extracted following two different protocols to obtain leukocyte-poor PRP (LP-PRP) and leukocyte-rich PRP (LR-PRP). LP-PRP or LR-PRP was injected into the patellar tendon of each rabbit, while normal saline (NS) was injected as control. In LR-PRP + NSAID group, Parecoxib was administered after LR-PRP injection. For each group, 2 rabbits were euthanatized at day 5 and 14. The patellar tendons were collected and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. A semi-quantitative approach was used to assess the inflammatory response and tendon destruction based on the evaluation of the WBCs, vascularization, fiber structure, and fibrosis.Results: The LR-PRP group exhibited a higher total tendon score than the LP-PRP group at day 5 after PRP injection, but there was no significant difference between the two groups at day 14. For the NSAID group, the tendon score was lower than that of the LR-PRP group both at day 5 and 14.Conclusion: LR-PRP can promote a higher inflammatory response than LP-PRP in the normal rabbit patellar tendon, and this effect can be suppressed by NSAIDs.