bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accelerating Crystallization of Open Organic Materials by Poly(ionic liquid)s
Authors: Zhang Su‐Yun , Miao Han , Zhang He‐min , Zhou Jun‐Hao , Zhuang Qiang , Zeng Yu‐Jia , Gao Zhiming , Yuan Jiayin , Sun Jian‐Ke 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe capability to significantly shorten the synthetic period of a broad spectrum of open organic materials presents an enticing prospect for materials processing and applications. Herein we discovered 1,2,4‐triazolium poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) could serve as a universal additive to accelerate by at least one order of magnitude the growth rate of representative imine‐linked crystalline open organics, including organic cages, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and macrocycles. This phenomenon results from the active C5‐protons in poly(1,2,4‐triazolium)s that catalyze the formation of imine bonds, and the simultaneous salting‐out effect (induced precipitation by decreasing solubility) that PILs exert on these crystallizing species.
Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Cephanolide A
Authors: Zhang Hongyuan , He Haibing , Gao Shuanhu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe first asymmetric total synthesis of cephanolide A, a complex hexacyclic C18 dinorditerpenoid from cephalotaxus sinensis, was achieved. The synthesis features a convergent strategy, which provides a flexible approach to prepare the biogenetically cephalotaxus diterpenoids and structurally related derivatives for biological studies. A mild intramolecular Prins cyclization was developed to construct the central hexahydrofluorenol skeleton (A‐B‐C ring), which relies on the originally proposed hydroacylation strategy. A remote hydroxy group directed hydrogenation was applied to stereospecifically reduce the tetra‐substituted enone unit. A sequence of ring forming steps, including lactonization, cation mediated etherification and Friedel–Crafts cyclization, was efficiently utilized to forge the cage‐like skeleton.
Raising the COx Methanation Activity of a Ru/γ‐Al2O3 Catalyst by Activated Modification of Metal–Support Interactions
Authors: Chen Shilong , Abdel‐Mageed Ali M. , Dyballa Michael , Parlinska‐Wojtan Magdalena , Bansmann Joachim , Pollastri Simone , Olivi Luca , Aquilanti Giuliana , Behm R. Jürgen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRu/Al2O3 is a highly stable, but less active catalyst for methanation reactions. Herein we report an effective approach to significantly improve its performance in the methanation of CO2/H2 mixtures. Highly active and stable Ru/γ‐Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by high‐temperature treatment in the reductive reaction gas. Operando/in situ spectroscopy and STEM imaging reveals that the strongly improved activity, by factors of 5 and 14 for CO and CO2 methanation, is accompanied by a flattening of the Ru nanoparticles and the formation of highly basic hydroxylated alumina sites. We propose a modification of the metal–support interactions (MSIs) as the origin of the increased activity, caused by modification of the Al2O3 surface in the reductive atmosphere and an increased thermal mobility of the Ru nanoparticles, allowing their transfer to modified surface sites.
Structural‐mechanical and biomedical surface properties of elastic polyurethane after PECVD of Ar/C2H2
Authors: Morozov Ilya A. , Kamenetskikh Alexander S. , Beliaev Anton Y. , Scherban Marina G. , Lemkina Larisa M. , Eroshenko Daria V. , Kiselkov Dmitriy M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPlasma treatment of polymers has many perspective applications in biomedical area. Carbon or carbon‐like coatings of elastic polymers are of interest. However, deformation of the polymeric substrates easily damages the modified surface. Such flaws cancel all the benefits of the treatment and should be avoided. In this paper, a surface of elastic polyurethane (PU) (elastic modulus is 25 MPa) is treated by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of acetylene/argon. As a result, inhomogeneous carbon‐containing nanolayers are formed: discontinuous and solid coatings with heterogeneous stiffness and thickness (from 2 to 11 nm). Structural peculiarities and relatively low elastic modulus (several GPa) of the coatings prevent their fracture under uniaxial deformation of at least up to 50% (however, the thickest coating is covering by a mesh of local nanocracks). The coatings have improved biomedical properties: better albumin adsorption and resistance to bacteria of Escherichia coli.
Social Media Monitoring for Water Quality Surveillance and Response Systems
Authors: Mix Nelson , George Aaron , Haas Adam 
Published: August 2020

Key TakeawaysA literature review and interviews with utilities were conducted to understand the use of social media monitoring for the early detection of water quality problems.Utility case studies show that social media can be used for customer engagement, crisis communications, and monitoring and surveillance for water quality.Future opportunities include integrating social media with customer service and surveillance and response systems.
Understanding and Using AWWA Standards and Manuals
Authors: Olson Paul J. 
Published: August 2020

Key TakeawaysAWWA's standards and manuals go through a rigorous review and approval process to ensure uniform, accurate, trusted guidance for the water industry in its products and operations.It's up to a large network of skilled, expert AWWA volunteers to navigate the myriad steps required to develop standards and manuals.Not only are these guidelines useful on numerous present‐day fronts; the historical context helps water utilities work with older equipment and materials.
Activation and competition of lipoylation of H protein and its hydrolysis in a reaction cascade catalyzed by the multifunctional enzyme lipoate–protein ligase A
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Nie Jinglei , Zheng Yuanmin , Ren Jie , Zeng An‐Ping 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProtein lipoylation is essential for the function of many key enzymes but barely studied kinetically. Here, the two‐step reaction cascade of H protein lipoylation catalyzed by the multifunctional enzyme lipoate–protein ligase A (LplA) was quantitatively and differentially studied. We discovered new phenomena and unusual kinetics of the cascade: (a) the speed of the first reaction is faster than the second one by two orders of magnitude, leading to high accumulation of the intermediate lipoyl‐AMP (Lip‐AMP); (b) Lip‐AMP is hydrolyzed, but only significantly at the presence of H protein and in competition with the lipoylation; (c) both the lipoylation of H protein and its hydrolysis is enhanced by the apo and lipoylated forms of H protein and a mutant without the lipoylation site. A conceptual mechanistic model is proposed to explain these experimental observations in which conformational change of LplA upon interaction with H protein and competitive nucleophilic attacks play key roles.
Regulation and remodeling of intermediate metabolite and membrane lipid during NaCl‐induced stress in freshwater microalga Micractinium sp. XJ‐2 for biofuel production
Authors: Yang Haijian , Hu Chunxiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMicroalgae can accumulate a large fraction of reduced carbon as lipids under NaCl stress. This study investigated the mechanism of carbon allocation and reduction and triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation in microalgae under NaCl‐induced stress. Micractinium sp. XJ‐2 was exposed to NaCl stress and cells were subjected to physiological, biochemical, and metabolic analyses to elucidate the stress‐responsive mechanism. Lipid increased with NaCl concentration after 0‐12 hr, then stabilized after 12–48 hr, and finally decreased after 48–72 hr, whereas TAG increased (0–48 hr) and then decreased (48–72 hr). Under NaCl‐induced stress at lower concentrations, TAG accumulation, at first, mainly shown to rely on the carbon fixation through photosynthetic fixation, carbohydrate degradation, and membrane lipids remodeling. Moreover, carbon compounds generated by the degradation of some amino acids were reallocated and enhanced fatty acid synthesis. The remodeling of the membrane lipids of NaCl‐induced microalgae relied on the following processes: (a) Increase in the amount of phospholipids and reduction in the amount of glycolipids and (b) extension of long‐chain fatty acids. This study enhances our understanding of TAG production under NaCl stress and thus will provide a theoretical basis for the industrial application of NaCl‐induced in the microalgal biodiesel industry.
Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in upper gastrointestinal surgery: systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Scheufele F , Schirren R , Friess H , Reim D 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundInfectious complications are common after gastrointestinal surgery. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) might reduce their incidence. SDD is used widely in colorectal resections, but its role in upper gastrointestinal resection is less clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of SDD on postoperative outcome in upper gastrointestinal surgery.MethodsStudies investigating SDD in upper gastrointestinal surgery were included after search of medical databases (PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar). Results were analysed according to predefined criteria. The incidence of perioperative overall complications and death was pooled. Risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool.ResultsSome 1384 studies were identified, of which four RCTs were included in the final analysis. These studies included 415 patients, of whom 213 (51·3 per cent) received standard treatment/placebo and 202 (48·7 per cent) had SDD. The incidence of anastomotic leakage (odds ratio (OR) 0·39, 95 per cent c.i. 0·19 to 0·80; P = 0·010) and pneumonia (OR 0·42, 0·23 to 0·78; P = 0·006) was reduced in patients receiving SDD. Rates of surgical-site infection (P = 0·750) and mortality (P = 0·130) were not affected by SDD.ConclusionSDD seems to be associated with reduction of anastomotic leakage and pneumonia following upper gastrointestinal resection, without affecting postoperative mortality.
Sensitivity of a PER.C6® cell line to bis(2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl)phosphate and evaluation of a new, biocompatible single‐use film
Authors: Jachuck Joshua R. , Krishnathu Soumya Mohanan , Landau Jeffrey E. , Ko Hsu‐Feng , Bhatia Ravi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSingle‐use technologies have brought numerous advantages to the biopharmaceutical industry. In particular, single‐use bags made from multi‐layered polymeric films have been adopted for cell culture and liquid handling operations in place of traditional stainless‐steel systems. Despite the advantages, leachable compounds originating from the film's materials of construction present a new challenge. In 2013, bis(2,4‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl)phosphate (bDtBPP) was identified as a common leachable from several single‐use bags that is detrimental to the growth and viability of many Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. While much work has been completed to characterize CHO cell sensitivity to bDtBPP, little has been done to characterize its impact on other important production cell lines, particularly PER.C6®. This publication investigates inconsistent cell growth observed in a PER.C6® cell line during bioprocess development. The growth inhibition was linked to leachable migration from Bioclear™ 10, a single‐use film from Cytiva (formerly GE Healthcare) that was used for cell expansion. It was shown that the PER.C6® cells displayed a sensitivity to bDtBPP, comparable to that observed in sensitive CHO cell lines. Finally, biocompatibility of PER.C6® with Cytiva's new Fortem film was evaluated, demonstrating that Fortem™ film is a suitable single‐use technology for culturing PER.C6® cells.
Clinical outcomes of definitive whole pelvic radiotherapy for clinical lymph node metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Tsuchida Keisuke , Inaba Koji , Kashihara Tairo , Murakami Naoya , Okuma Kae , Takahashi Kana , Igaki Hiroshi , Nakayama Yuko , Maejima Aiko , Shinoda Yasuo , Matsui Yoshiyuki , Komiyama Motokiyo , Fujimoto Hiroyuki , Ito Yoshinori , Sumi Minako , Nakano Takashi , Itami Jun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, we aim to present the clinical outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) in clinical pelvic lymph node‐positive prostate cancer (cN1) patients. We also analyze the prognostic factors with focus on RT dose escalation to metastatic lymph nodes (LN).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data from cN1 patients who were treated with definitive RT and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) between June 2004 and February 2016. All patients received localized irradiation to the prostate region and whole pelvis irradiation. Some patients received intensity‐modulated radiation therapy with RT dose escalation to metastatic LN. Univariate analyses using log‐rank test were performed to find prognostic factors between patient subgroups.ResultsFifty‐one consecutive patients were identified. The median follow‐up period for all patients was 88 (range 20‐157) months. Primary Gleason pattern and LN RT dose were statistically significant prognostic factors for relapse‐free survival (RFS) and distant metastasis‐free survival (DMFS). Especially, RT dose escalation (60 Gy or more) to metastatic LN significantly improved RFS and DMFS compared with standard dose RT (4‐year RFS 90.6% vs 82.1%, 7‐year RFS 90.6% vs 58.0%, P = .015; 4‐year DMFS 90.6% vs 82.1%, 7‐year DMFS 90.6% vs 62.8%, P = .023). The following factors were all statistically significant for biochemical relapse‐free survival (BRFS): T stage, LN RT dose, local RT dose, and ADT duration period. Any significantly different toxicity was not seen for each LN or local RT dose except for the incident rate of grade 2 or more acute urinary retention, which was significantly higher in the higher LN RT dose (60 Gy or more) group by the Chi‐square test.ConclusionsRT dose escalation to metastatic LN in cN1 patients improves BRFS, RFS, and DMFS at 4 and 7 years, without increasing severe adverse events.
Chemical Variation and Pharmacological Properties ofDyssodia decipiensEssential Oil
Authors: Pacheco‐Hernández Yesenia , Sánchez‐Hernández Gloria Rubí , Reyes‐Cervantes Eric , Romero‐Arenas Omar , Pérez‐Xochipa Ivonne , Villa‐Ruano Nemesio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDyssodia decipiensis one of the seven recognized species within theDyssodiagenus, which has economic and social relevance in Mexico. Herein, we report on the volatile characterization and pharmacological activity ofD. decipiens. The essential oils (2017–2019) contained verbenone (30.8–60.9 %), limonene (5.6–35.5 %),β‐caryophyllene (7.8–19.8 %) and linalool (4.5–12.4 %) as major constituents along the studied years. Antifungal properties were probed onCandida albicansATCC 90028, ATCC 10231 (fluconazole resistant) and five clinical isolates (IS1–IS5). Flower essential oils had the best anti‐C. albicansactivity (MIC 59.2–93.5 μg mL−1), and limonene (MIC 125.5–188.4 μg mL−1) andβ‐caryophyllene (MIC 104.3–184.2 μg mL−1) were involved in this effect. SEM examination revealed thatD. decipiensessential oils produced an evident lysis on the fungus. Mosquito repellent activity was demonstrated onAedes aegypti, a vector of dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses. The repellent activity of leaf essential oils (20 %) was effective within 1–5 h post‐treatment (>90 %) and it was stronger (p<0.01) than that of commercial DEET. The evaluation of the four major volatiles (10 % each) produced similar results to those of essential oils. Finally, leaf essential oils showed a moderate antiproliferative activity on the lines OVCAR‐3 (LD5056.5–85.7 μg mL−1), and verbenone (LD5065.3 μg mL−1) andβ‐caryophyllene (LD5043.6 μg mL−1) were linked to this effect.
Design of a Multiuse Photoreactor To Enable Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Chemical Transformations and Labeling in Live Cells
Authors: Bissonnette Noah B. , Ryu Keun Ah , Reyes‐Robles Tamara , Wilhelm Sharon , Tomlinson Jake H. , Crotty Kelly A. , Hett Erik C. , Roberts Lee R. , Hazuda Daria J. , Jared Willis M. , Oslund Rob C. , Fadeyi Olugbeminiyi O. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDespite the growing use of visible‐light photochemistry in both chemistry and biology, no general low‐heat photoreactor for use across these different disciplines exists. Herein, we describe the design and use of a standardized photoreactor for visible‐light‐driven activation and photocatalytic chemical transformations. Using this single benchtop photoreactor, we performed photoredox reactions across multiple visible light wavelengths, a high‐throughput photocatalytic cross‐coupling reaction, and in vitro labeling of proteins and live cells. Given the success of this reactor in all tested applications, we envision that this multi‐use photoreactor will be widely used in biology, chemical biology, and medicinal chemistry settings.
Long noncoding RNA ERICD interacts with ARID3A via E2F1 and regulates migration and proliferation of osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Arman Kaifee , Saadat Khandakar A. S. M. , Igci Yusuf Z. , Bozgeyik Esra , Ikeda Masa‐Aki , Cakmak Ecir A. , Arslan Ahmet 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNA (lncRNA) dysregulation is known to be taking part in majority of cancers, including osteosarcoma. In one of our previous studies, we showed that lncRNA MEG3 is being regulated by microRNA‐664a (miR‐664a) suppresses the migratory potential of osteosarcoma cells (U‐2OS). We now report a novel lncRNA, namely, ERICD, which is linked to the transcription factor AT‐rich interaction domain 3A (ARID3A) in U‐2OS cells. We show that ARID3A binds to ERICD and indirectly interacts with each other via the E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1). Furthermore, small interfering RNA (siRNA)‐mediated knockdown of ERICD inhibited cell migration, formation of colonies, and proliferation in U‐2OS cells. Overexpression of ARID3A inhibited cell migration, colony formation, and proliferation, whereas siRNA‐mediated knockdown of ARID3A promoted cell migration, colony formation, and proliferation. Our findings indicate that ARID3A and lncRNA ERICD have plausible tumor suppressive and oncogenic functions, respectively, in osteosarcoma. Our data demonstrate the converse interaction between ARID3A and lncRNA ERICD that target DNA‐binding proteins and dysregulation of their expression through E2F1 augments osteosarcoma progression. The cell rescue experiment also indicated E2F1 to be involved in the regulation of ARID3A and ERICD.
Transforming growth factor‐β boosts the functionality of human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Kale Vaijayanti P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTransforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) is a negative regulator of hematopoiesis, and yet, it is frequently found at the active sites of hematopoiesis. Here, we show for the first time that bone marrow‐derived mononuclear cells (BM MNCs) secrete TGFβ1 in response to erythropoietin (EPO). We further show that human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) briefly exposed to the conditioned medium of EPO‐primed MNCs, or purified TGFβ1, gain significantly increased hematopoiesis‐supportive ability. Mechanistically, we show that this phenomenon involves TGFβ1‐mediated activation of nitric oxide (NO) signalling pathway in the BMSCs. The data suggest that EPO‐MNC‐TGFβ1 could be one of the regulatory axes operative in the bone marrow microenvironment involved in maintaining the functionality of the resident BMSCs.
Continuous Flow Pickering Emulsion Catalysis in Droplet Microfluidics Studied with In Situ Raman Microscopy
Authors: Vis Carolien M. , Nieuwelink Anne‐Eva , Weckhuysen Bert M. , Bruijnincx Pieter C. A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPickering emulsions (PEs), emulsions stabilized by solid particles, have shown to be a versatile tool for biphasic catalysis. Here, we report a droplet microfluidic approach for flow PE (FPE) catalysis, further expanding the possibilities for PE catalysis beyond standard batch PE reactions. This microreactor allowed for the inline analysis of the catalytic process with in situ Raman spectroscopy, as demonstrated for the acid‐catalyzed deacetalization of benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal to form benzaldehyde. Furthermore, the use of the FPE system showed a nine fold improvement in yield compared to the simple biphasic flow system (FBS), highlighting the advantage of emulsification. Finally, FPE allowed an antagonistic set of reactions, the deacetalization–Knoevenagel condensation, which proved less efficient in FBS due to rapid acid‐base quenching. The droplet microfluidic system thus offers a versatile new extension of PE catalysis.
A comparative 30‐day outcome analysis of inpatient evaluation vs outpatient testing in patients presenting with chest pain in the high‐sensitivity troponin era. A propensity score matched case‐control retrospective study
Authors: Mahmoud Osama , Mahmaljy Hadi , Elias Hadi , Campoverde Edwin Hernandez , Youniss Mohamed , Stanton Matthew , Young Katelyn , Patel Maulin , Kuppuraju Rajesh , Jacobs Steven , Hashmi Insia , Alsaid Amro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe best disposition of chest pain patients who rule out for myocardial infarction (MI) but have non‐low clinical risk scores in the high‐sensitivity troponin era is not well studied.HypothesisIn carefully selected patients who rule out for MI, and have a high‐sensitivity troponin T ≤ 50 ng/L with an absolute increase less than 5 ng/L on repeat measurements, early emergency room (ER) discharge might be equivalent to inpatient evaluation in regards to 30‐day incidence of adverse cardiac events (ACEs) regardless of the clinical risk score.MethodsA total of 12 847 chest pain patients presenting to our health system ERs from January 2017 to September 2019 were retrospectively investigated. A propensity score matching algorithm was used to account for baseline differences between admitted and discharged cohorts. We then estimated and compared the incidence of 30‐day and 1‐year composite ACEs (MI, urgent revascularization, or cardiovascular death) between both groups. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to evaluate the effect of admission on outcomes.ResultsA total of 2060 patients were matched in 1:1 fashion. The primary endpoint of 30‐day composite ACEs occurred in 0.6% and 0.4% of the admission and the discharged cohorts, respectively (P = .76). One‐year composite ACEs was also similar between both groups (4% vs 3.7%, P = .75). In a multivariate Cox regression model, the effect of inpatient evaluation was neutral (hazard ratio 1.1, confidence interval 0.62‐1.9, P = .75).ConclusionsInpatient evaluation was not associated with better outcomes in our selected group of patients. Larger‐scale randomized trials are needed to confirm our findings.