bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA seq analyses of chicken reveals biological pathways involved in acclimation into different geographical locations
Authors: Kumar Himansu , Choo Hyojun , Iskender Asankadyr U. , Srikanth Krishnamoorthy , Kim Hana , Zhunushov Asankadyr T. , Jang Gul Won , Lim Youngjo , Song Ki-Duk , Park Jong-Eun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTranscriptome expression reflects genetic response in diverse conditions. In this study, RNA sequencing was utilized to profile multiple tissues such as liver, breast, caecum, and gizzard of Korean commercial chicken raised in Korea and Kyrgyzstan. We analyzed ten samples per tissue from each location to identify candidate genes which are involved in the adaptation of Korean commercial chicken to Kyrgyzstan. At false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05 and fold change (FC) > 2, we found 315, 196, 167 and 198 genes in liver, breast, cecum, and gizzard respectively as differentially expressed between the two locations. GO enrichment analysis showed that these genes were highly enriched for cellular and metabolic processes, catalytic activity, and biological regulations. Similarly, KEGG pathways analysis indicated metabolic, PPAR signaling, FoxO, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, biosynthesis, MAPK signaling, CAMs, citrate cycles pathways were differentially enriched. Enriched genes like TSKU, VTG1, SGK, CDK2 etc. in these pathways might be involved in acclimation of organisms into diverse climatic conditions. The qRT-PCR result also corroborated the RNA-Seq findings with R2 of 0.76, 0.80, 0.81, and 0.93 for liver, breast, caecum, and gizzard respectively. Our findings can improve the understanding of environmental acclimation process in chicken.
Oroxylin A alleviates immunoparalysis of CLP mice by degrading CHOP through interacting with FBXO15
Authors: Zhang Zhaoxin , Wang Yun , Shan Yating , Zhou Ri , Yin Wu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractClinical reports have found that with the improvement of treatment, most septic patients are able to survive the severe systemic inflammatory response and to enter the immunoparalysis stage. Considering that immunoparalysis leads to numerous deaths of clinical sepsis patients, alleviation of the occurrence and development of immunoparalysis has become a top priority in the treatment of sepsis. In our study, we investigate the effects of oroxylin A on sepsis in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mice. We find that the 60 h + 84 h (30 mg/kg) injection scheme of oroxylin A induce the production of pro-inflammatory factors, and further significantly improves the survival of CLP mice during the middle or late stages of sepsis. Mechanistically, C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) is upregulated and plays anti-inflammatory roles to facilitate the development of immunoparalysis in CLP mice. Oroxylin A induces the transcription of E3 ligase F-box only protein 15 gene (fbxo15), and activated FBXO15 protein binds to CHOP and further mediates the degradation of CHOP through the proteasome pathway, which eventually relieves the immunoparalysis of CLP mice. Taken together, these findings suggest oroxylin A relieves the immunoparalysis of CLP mice by degrading CHOP through interacting with FBXO15.
Obesity is positively related and tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are negatively related to an increased risk of thyroid cancer
Authors: An Soo-Youn , Kim So Young , Oh Dong Jun , Min Chanyang , Sim Songyoung , Choi Hyo Geun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships of smoking, alcohol consumption, and obesity with thyroid cancer in Korean residents. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort includes individuals ≥ 40 years who were assessed from 2002 to 2013. In total, 4977 thyroid cancer participants were matched with respect to age, sex, income, and region of residence with 19,908 controls at a ratio of 1:4. Crude and adjusted (for the Charlson comorbidity index, smoking status, frequency of alcohol consumption, and obesity) odds ratios (ORs) were analyzed using conditional logistic regression analyses. Additionally, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The adjusted OR of smoking for thyroid cancer was 0.62 (95% CI 0.54–0.72, P < 0.001), and that of alcohol consumption was 0.83 (95% CI 0.75–0.92, P < 0.001). The adjusted ORs of the BMI categories were 1.13 (95% CI 1.05–1.22, P = 0.002) for obese I, and 1.24 (95% CI 1.04–1.47, P = 0.014) for obese II. The ORs of smoking and alcohol consumption were lower, and those of overweight and obesity were higher in thyroid cancer patients than in individuals in the control group.
In vitro and in vivo BNCT investigations using a carborane containing sulfonamide targeting CAIX epitopes on malignant pleural mesothelioma and breast cancer cells
Authors: Alberti Diego , Michelotti Alessia , Lanfranco Alberto , Protti Nicoletta , Altieri Saverio , Deagostino Annamaria , Geninatti Crich Simonetta 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study aims at merging the therapeutic effects associated to the inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CAIX), an essential enzyme overexpressed by cancer cells including mesothelioma and breast cancer, with those ones brought by the application of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). This task was pursued by designing a sulfonamido-functionalised-carborane (CA-SF) that acts simultaneously as CAIX inhibitor and boron delivery agent. The CAIX expression, measured by Western blot analysis, resulted high in both mesothelioma and breast tumours. This finding was exploited for the delivery of a therapeutic dose of boron (> 20 μg/g) to the cancer cells. The synergic cytotoxic effects operated by the enzymatic inhibition and neutron irradiation was evaluated in vitro on ZL34, AB22 and MCF7 cancer cells. Next, an in vivo model was prepared by subcutaneous injection of AB22 cells in Balb/c mice and CA-SF was administered as inclusion complex with a β-cyclodextrin oligomer. After irradiation with thermal neutrons tumour growth was evaluated for 25 days by MRI. The obtained results appear very promising as the tumour growth was definitively markedly lower in comparison to controls and the CAIX inhibitor alone. This approach appears promising and it call consideration for the design of new therapeutic routes to cure patients affected by this disease.
Besifloxacin liposomes with positively charged additives for an improved topical ocular delivery
Authors: dos Santos Giselly Almeida , Ferreira-Nunes Ricardo , Dalmolin Luciana Facco , dos Santos Ré Ana Carolina , Anjos Jorge Luiz Vieira , Mendanha Sebastião Antônio , Aires Carolina Patrícia , Lopez Renata F. V. , Cunha-Filho Marcilio , Gelfuso Guilherme M. , Gratieri Taís 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTopical ophthalmic antibiotics show low efficacy due to the well-known physiological defense mechanisms of the eye, which prevents the penetration of exogenous substances. Here, we aimed to incorporate besifloxacin into liposomes containing amines as positively charged additives and to evaluate the influence of this charge on drug delivery in two situations: (i) iontophoretic and (ii) passive treatments. Hypothesis are (i) charge might enhance the electromigration component upon current application improving penetration efficiency for a burst drug delivery, and (ii) positive charge might prolong formulation residence time, hence drug penetration. Liposomes elaborated with phosphatidylcholine (LP PC) or phosphatidylcholine and spermine (LP PC: SPM) were stable under storage at 6 ºC for 30 days, showed mucoadhesive characteristics, and were non-irritant, according to HET-CAM tests. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements showed that neither the drug nor spermine incorporations produced evident alterations in the fluidity of the liposome's membranes, which retained their structural stability even under iontophoretic conditions. Mean diameter and zeta potential were 177.2 ± 2.7 nm and − 5.7 ± 0.3 mV, respectively, for LP PC; and 175.4 ± 1.9 nm and + 19.5 ± 1.0 mV, respectively, for LP PC:SPM. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal bactericide concentration (MBC) of the liposomes forP. aeruginosashowed values lower than the commercial formulation (Besivance). Nevertheless, both formulations presented a similar increase in permeability upon the electric current application. Hence, liposome charge incorporation did not prove to be additionally advantageous for iontophoretic therapy. Passive drug penetration was evaluated through a novel in vitro ocular model that simulates the lacrimal flow and challenges the formulation resistance in the passive delivery situation. As expected, LP PC: SPM showed higher permeation than the control (Besivance). In conclusion, besifloxacin incorporation into positively charged liposomes improved passive topical delivery and can be a good strategy to improve topical ophthalmic treatments.
Ediacaran Doushantuo-type biota discovered in Laurentia
Authors: Willman Sebastian , Peel John S. , Ineson Jon R. , Schovsbo Niels H. , Rugen Elias J. , Frei Robert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Ediacaran period (635–541 Ma) was a time of major environmental change, accompanied by a transition from a microbial world to the animal world we know today. Multicellular, macroscopic organisms preserved as casts and molds in Ediacaran siliciclastic rocks are preserved worldwide and provide snapshots of early organismal, including animal, evolution. Remarkable evolutionary advances are also witnessed by diverse cellular and subcellular phosphatized microfossils described from the Doushantuo Formation in China, the only source showing a diversified assemblage of microfossils. Here, we greatly extend the known distribution of this Doushantuo-type biota in reporting an Ediacaran Lagerstätte from Laurentia (Portfjeld Formation, North Greenland), with phosphatized animal-like eggs, embryos, acritarchs, and cyanobacteria, the age of which is constrained by the Shuram–Wonoka anomaly (c. 570–560 Ma). The discovery of these Ediacaran phosphatized microfossils from outside East Asia extends the distribution of the remarkable biota to a second palaeocontinent in the other hemisphere of the Ediacaran world, considerably expanding our understanding of the temporal and environmental distribution of organisms immediately prior to the Cambrian explosion.
Untargeted high-resolution paired mass distance data mining for retrieving general chemical relationships
Authors: Yu Miao , Petrick Lauren 
Published: November 2020

AbstractUntargeted metabolomics analysis captures chemical reactions among small molecules. Common mass spectrometry-based metabolomics workflows first identify the small molecules significantly associated with the outcome of interest, then begin exploring their biochemical relationships to understand biological fate or impact. We suggest an alternative by which general chemical relationships including abiotic reactions can be directly retrieved through untargeted high-resolution paired mass distance (PMD) analysis without a priori knowledge of the identities of participating compounds. PMDs calculated from the mass spectrometry data are linked to chemical reactions obtained via data mining of small molecule and reaction databases, i.e. ‘PMD-based reactomics’. We demonstrate applications of PMD-based reactomics including PMD network analysis, source appointment of unknown compounds, and biomarker reaction discovery as complements to compound discovery analyses used in traditional untargeted workflows. An R implementation of reactomics analysis and the reaction/PMD databases is available as the pmd package.
Neuron-glia: understanding cellular copper homeostasis, its cross-talk and their contribution towards neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Bhattacharjee Ashima , Ghosh Sandeepan , Chatterji Ajanta , Chakraborty Kaustav 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOver the years, the mechanism of copper homeostasis in various organ systems has gained importance. This is owing to the involvement of copper in a wide range of genetic disorders, most of them involving neurological symptoms. This highlights the importance of copper and its tight regulation in a complex organ system like the brain. It demands understanding the mechanism of copper acquisition and delivery to various cell types overcoming the limitation imposed by the blood brain barrier. The present review aims to investigate the existing work to understand the mechanism and complexity of cellular copper homeostasis in the two major cell types of the CNS – the neurons and the astrocytes. It investigates the mechanism of copper uptake, incorporation and export by these cell types. Furthermore, it brings forth the common as well as the exclusive aspects of neuronal and glial copper homeostasis including the studies from copper-based sensors. Glia act as a mediator of copper supply between the endothelium and the neurons. They possess all the qualifications of acting as a ‘copper-sponge’ for supply to the neurons. The neurons, on the other hand, require copper for various essential functions like incorporation as a cofactor for enzymes, synaptogenesis, axonal extension, inhibition of postsynaptic excitotoxicity, etc. Lastly, we also aim to understand the neuronal and glial pathology in various copper homeostasis disorders. The etiology of glial pathology and its contribution towards neuronal pathology and vice versa underlies the complexity of the neuropathology associated with the copper metabolism disorders.
Exercise alters LPS-induced glial activation in the mouse brain
Authors: Mota Bibiana C. , Kelly Áine M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExperimental and epidemiological evidence suggest that modifiable lifestyle factors, including physical exercise, can build structural and cognitive reserve in the brain, increasing resilience to injury and insult. Accordingly, exercise can reduce the increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the brain associated with ageing or experimentally induced neuroinflammation. However, the cellular mechanisms by which exercise exerts this effect are unknown, including the effects of exercise on classic or alternative activation of astrocytes and microglia. In the present study, we assess the effects of nine consecutive days of treadmill running on the glial cell response to a single systemic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and, in parallel, the effects on spatial learning and memory. We show that prior exercise protects against LPS-induced impairment of performance in the object displacement task concomitant with attenuation of IL-1β, TNFα and IL-10 mRNA expression in the hippocampus. Assessment of isolated astrocytes and microglia revealed that LPS induced a proinflammatory response in these cells that was not observed in cells prepared from the brains of mice who had undergone prior exercise. The results suggest that exercise modulates neuroinflammation by reducing the proinflammatory microglial response, suggesting a mechanism by which exercise may be neuroprotective.
Shooting sports as the means of professional-applied physical training at maritime University
Authors: Zub Igor 
Published: November 2020

Training specialists of water transport at maritime University presents a complex of knowledge and skills. They are necessary for the specialists in order to fulfill their professional duties. Apart from special subjects an important stage of training becomes professional-applied physical training. Its complexes are formed from different kinds of sport or during going in for professional-applied kinds of sport and provide professionally important qualities development, which define during professiograms creation according to each specialty. During water transport specialists’ professiograms analysis it is seen that the general professionally important qualities are vestibular apparatus steadiness and statokinetic resistance. These qualities help specialists of water transport realize their job duties during pitching.
One of the kinds of sport, the effectiveness of which depends on statokinetic resistance, is shooting sports. Shooting sports is a separate kind of sport, but as a kind of sport it is included into the complex of marine all-round competitions. Marine all-round competitions are professional-applied kind of sport for the specialists of water transport. They provide necessary professionally important qualities development. Shooting sports is the means of the following things development: statokinetic resistance, the ability to focus attention, psycho-emotional resistance. It is important during extreme situations. The conclusion, received as a result of scientific works analysis, helps to define the place of this kind of sport in the training diagram of marine all-round athletes, for getting the effect of positive transfers in the training process.
Genesungsbegleitung und stationsäquivalente Behandlung
Authors: Schwarz Julian , Geissler Markus , Küsel Madeleine , Müller Katharina , Unterlauf Christin , Bechdolf Andreas , von Peter Sebastian 
Published: November 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGZiel Untersucht werden die Erfahrungen von Genesungsbegleitenden (GB) in stationsäquivalenten Behandlungsteams nach § 115 d SGB V (StäB).Methode Im Sinne eines partizipativ-kollaborativen Ansatzes haben Forschende mit und ohne psychische Krisenerfahrung gemeinsam 9 Experteninterviews mit GB aus 7 Kliniken geführt und inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.Ergebnisse Es gibt ein breites Spektrum an Umsetzungsvarianten, Aufgaben und eingenommenen Rollen der GB in den StäB-Teams. GB bieten eine alltagsorientierte, nachhaltige Unterstützung und nehmen dabei oft eine Vermittlerfunktion zwischen den Beteiligten ein. Die Arbeit in StäB wird als weitgehend kooperativ erlebt, wird aber durch strukturelle Herausforderungen auch behindert.Schlussfolgerung Die Integration von GB in StäB-Teams birgt vielfältige Potenziale für die akutpsychiatrischen Behandlung zu Hause, sollte jedoch umfassend vorbereitet und konzeptionalisiert werden. Außerdem sind Nachbesserungen an den Rahmenbedingungen von StäB notwendig.
Aufenthalte in großen Höhen nach COVID-19-Infektion − neue Aspekte der höhenmedizinischen Beratung
Authors: Grannemann J. J. , Röper A. 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungNach Lockerung der Reisefreiheit, welche im Rahmen der COVID-19-Pandemie stark eingeschränkt war, ist mit einem wiedereinsetzenden Tourismus auch in hochgelegene Reiseziele über 2500 Meter zu rechnen.Weiterhin kann man diesem Trend entsprechend davon ausgehen, dass Patienten mit durchgemachter COVID-19-Infektion vor der Reise in große Höhen höhenmedizinische Beratung suchen.Hier wird der reise- und höhenmedizinisch beratende Arzt vor große Herausforderungen gestellt, da er mit dieser speziellen Fragestellung bisher nicht konfrontiert worden ist.Dieser Artikel geht neben den Grundlagen der Höhenkrankheit und des Höhenlungenödems auf die aktuelle Studienlage pulmonologischer Pathologien und Krankheitsverläufe bei COVID-19-Infektion ein und gibt entsprechend dem aktuellen Kenntnisstand Empfehlungen zur höhenmedizinischen Beratung von Patienten nach durchgemachter COVID-19-Infektion.
Treatment Landscape and Prognosis After Treatment with Trastuzumab Emtansine
Authors: Laakmann Elena , Emons Julius , Taran Florin-Andrei , Janni Wolfgang , Uhrig Sabrina , Overkamp Friedrich , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Hadji Peyman , Tesch Hans , Häberle Lothar , Ettl Johannes , Lüftner Diana , Wallwiener Markus , Schulmeyer Carla , Müller Volkmar , Beckmann Matthias W. , Belleville Erik , Wimberger Pauline , Hielscher Carsten , Kurbacher Christian , Wuerstlein Rachel , Thomssen Christoph , Untch Michael , Volz Bernhard , Fasching Peter A. , Fehm Tanja N. , Wallwiener Diethelm , Brucker Sara Y. , Schneeweiss Andreas , Lux Michael P. , Hartkopf Andreas D. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose Pertuzumab and T-DM1 are two efficient anti-HER2 treatments for patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer. While pertuzumab is usually given in first-line
treatment and T-DM1 in second-line treatment, standard therapy options seem to be exhausted up to now after the treatment of patients with these two therapy options. Therefore, it
is important to have data that describes the therapy situation and prognosis after T-DM1 treatment.
Methods The PRAEGNANT metastatic breast cancer registry (NCT02338167) is a prospective registry for breast cancer patients with a focus on molecular biomarkers. Patients of
all therapy lines with any kind of treatment are eligible. Collected data comprises therapies, adverse events, quality of life and other patient reported outcomes. Here we report
on the patient characteristics and descriptive prognostic data for HER2-positive patients who have completed a treatment with T-DM1. Therapy patterns after T-DM1 and
progression-free survival are reported as well as overall survival.
Results A total of 85 patients were identified for the study who were prospectively observed during therapy after the termination of T-DM1. The main reason for T-DM1
termination was progress. Following T-DM1, lapatinib, trastuzumab and chemotherapy were the main therapy choices. Median progression-free survival was 4.8 months (95% CI:
3.2 – 6.3) and median overall survival was 18.4 months (95% CI: 15.5 – 21.3).
Conclusions Therapy options after T-DM1 in a real-world setting seem to exhibit a relevant clinical efficacy, supporting the concept of continuous anti-HER2 treatments in the
advanced therapy setting for breast cancer patients. Novel therapies are needed to improve the rather short median progression-free survival.
N-Arylbenzo[b]phenothiazines as Reducing Photoredox Catalysts for Nucleophilic Additions of Alcohols to Styrenes: Shift towards Visible Light
Authors: Wagenknecht Hans-Achim , Seyfert Fabienne 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
N-Phenylphenothiazines are an important class of photoredox catalysts because they are synthetically well accessible, they allow the tuning of the optoelectronic properties by different substituents, and they have strong reduction properties for activation of alkenes. One of the major disadvantages of N-phenylphenothiazines, however, is the excitation at 365 nm in the UV-A light range. We synthesized three differently dialkylamino-substituted N-phenylbenzo[b]phenothiazines as alternative photoredox catalysts and applied them for the nucleo­philic addition of alkohols to α-methyl styrene. The additional benzene ring shift the absorbance bathochromically and allows performing the photocatalyses by excitation at 385 nm and 405 nm. This type of photoredox catalysis tolerates other functional groups, as representatively shown for alcohols as substrates with C–C and C–N triple bonds.