bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability Analysis of Competition among Companies: A Guide from Predator Prey Modeling
Authors: Chinebu Titus Ifeanyi , Ugenyi Nnaoma , Ezennorom Edmund Onwubiko 
Published: January 2020

This paper studied the behavior of two companies using predator prey model as the basis. As the companies are competing constantly, it affects them because their interaction determines the availability of resources for their growth. Considering growth of these companies, the parameters which were respectively the carrying capacity and competitive impact of either of the competing companies on each other were included in the model. Equilibrium point and their existence criteria were analyzed to find the threshold that will guarantee the coexistence of both companies or collapse of either of them or both. It was shown that both companies can grow and rise simultaneously, (coexist) by dividing their resources correspondingly or that even the slightest change in their competition coefficient can lead to adverse situation, which may cause complete disappearance of one of the companies or both. We conclude that as long as these companies did not operate beyond their effective carrying capacity and equally maintain their respective competitive advantage, coexistence might be achieved. Some simulations are also given to illustrate our results.
Identification of Vietnamese Paphiopedilum Species Using Vegetative Morphology
Authors: Trang Vu Huyen- , Bui My-Huyen , Vu Quoc-Luan , Nguyen Thanh-Diem , Tran Hop , Khuat Huu-Trung , Le Ly 
Published: January 2020

Background: Discrimination of Paphiopedilum species using floral morphology has been used effectively and commonly due to distinct features of their reproductive parts. Most classification references also focus on description of flower morphology and structure. Nevertheless species preservation meets great problems when illegal trading plants are mostly at non-flowered or plantlet stages. Molecular approaches have been applied and obtained highly precise results but spent time and could not rate 100% of resolution over the genus. Thus, quickly identification using only vegetative characteristics would be an efficient support for other distinguishing methods and a remarkable contribution to the detection and prevention of Paphiopedilum ilicit sales.
Aims: In this research we aimed to describe in details leaf features of Paphiopedilum species in Vietnam serving for quick and easy discriminating species without flower present or laboratory techniques.
Study Design: Observed variables based on qualitative features of leaf shape, color, vein feature, thickness, toughness and quantitative features of leaf size were saved and organized using Microsoft Excel 2010.
Place and Duration of Study: Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, Agricultural Genetics Institute, between November 2018 and November 2019.
Methodology: We minutely analyzed the leaf morphology of nineteen species and two variants which belongs to Vietnamese Paphiopedilum population in an order manner from parameters that easiest to be realized to the less clearly traits for the most efficient recognition even to the one who is not botanist.
Results: 16 out of 20 species were identified using leaf morphology. This rate was up to 100% when combining morphological and molecular methods without the present of their flowers. An artificial key to genus Paphiopedilum using the vegetative details was first time established.
Conclusion: Leaf morphology can be effectively used as the first step for identifying Paphiopedilum species. Our results provided useful tool in severally or in combination with molecular methods in biodiversity and commercial management of these valuable species.
A Kinetic Study of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition by Fractions of Oleo diox Roxb.leaf and Curculigo orchioides Gaertn Rhizome for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Pratap G. K. , Shantaram Manjula 
Published: January 2020

Introduction and Aim: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has an important role in the biochemical studies indicating that AChE accelerates the formation of amyloid-β fibril and forms AChE-Aβ complexes in the brain. The medicinal plants of Curculigoorchioides Gaertn., and Oleo diox Roxb. collected from Western Ghat region of Kodagu, Karnataka, India have many medicinal values such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective activity and anti-inflammatory property. Aim of the study was to check whether C. orchioides Gaertn. and Oleo diox Roxb. fractions significantly inhibit acetylcholinesterase in different concentration-dependent manner(1-3 mg/mL).
Results: Plant fraction concentrations resulted in >60%AChE inhibition as compared with the standard Galantamine. The IC50 value was 0.15 mg/mL which was calculated from the equation of the percentage inhibition curve for the test or plant fraction. The Lineweaver-Burk plot indicated that the fraction followed competitive and non-competitive inhibition kinetics. Finally, we conclude that the type of plot exhibited by the C. orchioides Gaertn. and Oleo dioxRoxb. fractions has a possible therapeutic application for improving memory and other cognitive functions.The medicinal plant-based drugs are known to have limitations due to their fewer side effects and problems associated with bioavailability, which necessitates the interest in finding better AChE inhibitors from plant sources.
Assessment of the Nutritional Status and Determinants of Malnutrition among School Going Adolescents in the Rural Field Practice Area of the Medical College, Hassan, Karnataka
Authors: Praveen G. , Subhashini K. J. 
Published: January 2020

Background and Objectives: Adolescence which is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood is often the neglected phase as the adolescents are often regarded as relatively healthy with the focus being given for children and women. Addressing the nutritional needs of adolescents could be an important step in curbing malnutrition among them. With the rising epidemic of Non-communicable diseases, it is equally important to address both the issues of under-nutrition and over-nutrition. Hence this study was undertaken to assess the nutritional status and associated risk factors of malnutrition among the school going adolescents from 5th to 12th standard in the rural field practice area of Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences (HIMS), Hassan.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the school going adolescents attending the government and private schools of the rural field practice area of the medical college from January 2017 to June 2018. The sample size of 830 was divided between the three areas under rural field practice area as per sample size proportional to population. BMI was measured and WHO reference charts 2007 for BMI was used to categorize the nutritional status of the adolescents.
Results: The prevalence of malnutrition among the school going adolescents was found to be 44.1% of which the prevalence of thinness and severe thinness was 15.8% and 21.3% respectively and that of overweight and obesity was 5.8% and 1.2% respectively. On logistic regression, male gender, government school, lower socio-economic status, deworming status and open-air defecation were identified as significant risk factors for undernutrition and female gender, private school, upper socio-economic status, low levels of physical activity, excess television watching, consuming junk foods, breakfast skipping, inadequate sleeping hours were identified as significant risk factors for over nutrition.
Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition among the school going adolescents was found to be 44.1% in our study. Gender, type of school in which they study, socio-economic status and life style behaviours were found to be significant risk factors for malnutrition. There is a need for health education programmes, regular monitoring and effective policies to promote healthy eating and lifestyle changes among adolescents to curb the burden of malnutrition.
Phytochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Andrographis paniculata (Burn.F.) on Enteric Bacteria Isolated from a Surface Water in Owena, Nigeria
Authors: Ayodele Oladunni , Olalemi Adewale , Ogundare Ayodele 
Published: January 2020

This study was aimed at determining the antibacterial activities of Andrographis paniculata on methicillin and vancomycin resistant enteric bacteria isolated from River Owena, Owena, Nigeria. Water samples were collected weekly from River Owena over a period of six weeks (n = 6). The bacteriological evaluation of the water samples was carried out using standard microbiological method. A. paniculata leaf and stem extracts were prepared using the polar (i.e., methanol) and nonpolar (i.e., n-hexane) solvents. The phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activity of all the extracts of A. paniculata leaf and stem were investigated using standard methods. Results revealed that methanol extracts from A. paniculata contained the maximum amount of phytochemicals when compared to that of the n- hexane extracts. Salmonella and Shigella were both resistant to vancomycin, while they were only susceptible to methicillin once throughout the sampling week. The methanol extracts from A. paniculata showed higher antibacterial activity against the targeted bacterial isolates of enteric origin which include E. coli, faecal coliforms, Shigella, Salmonella and intestinal enterococci. The methanol leaf extract of A. paniculata showed the maximum antibacterial activity against E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, intestinal enterococci and faecal coliform with zones of inhibition 29.0 mm, 26.00 mm, 21.3 mm, 21 mm and 19 mm respectively. The methanollic stem extract of A. paniculata showed a maximum antibacterial activity against Salmonella with zone of inhibition of 25 mm while n-hexane stem extract exhibited a maximum zone inhibition of 17.6 mm against Salmonella. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value for all the A. paniculata extracts was at a concentration of 12.5 – 50 ml. The pH of the water ranged from 6.50 to 6.90, temperature ranged from 26 to 31°C. The findings from this study demonstrated that River Owena is highly contaminated with faecal materials and that leaf and stem extracts of A. paniculata may be used as antibacterial agents against methicillin and vancomycin resistant bacteria of enteric origin.
The Effective Way to Prevent Occupational Hazards on Tuberculosis Treatment
Authors: Mbaneme Franklyn Chukwudi N. , Obiano Emmanuel C. , Mbaneme Ebelechukwudi Obianuju 
Published: January 2020

Aim: The study aimed to monitor the effective ways to prevent the occupational hazards on tuberculosis (TB) treatment.
Methods: Multi-stage sampling procedure was used for this study.
Results: The findings of this study revealed that knowledge of occupational hazards of treatment and management of TB is not a new idea in Anambra state, however, majority of the respondents have low level knowledge of occupational hazards protection and prevention services available, particularly when it requires an improvement on the existing means of services.
Conclusion: Preventive and control measures to reduce the risk of TB infection and protection of health care workers should be given highest priority in health care planning and development.
Economic Analysis of an Ambulatory Care Service Delivery Model for Hemophilia a Patients; A Cost Minimization Study
Authors: Sadeghi Abolfazl , Davari Majid , Gharibnaseri Zahra , Ravanbod Roya , Eshghi Peyman 
Published: January 2020

Aim: This study aimed to perform an economic evaluation of Hemophilia ambulatory service delivery model (HASDM) comparing to the traditional home-episodic treatment model.
Study Design: Tehran university of medical science, department pharmacoeconomics and pharmaceutical administration, between Jun 2016 and September 2018.
Methods: A cost-minimization analysis (CMA) was conducted for evaluating potential savings of HASDM in comparison to the traditional home-episodic treatment model. The main cost of regular episodic service delivery, basic arm, consists of the cost of recombinant factor VIII (FVIII). In the comparator arm, HASDM, the costs of HASDM for 1660 hemophilia A patients (HAPs) in Tehran were calculated. One-way sensitivity analysis was done to investigate the robustness of the results and to investigate the impact of uncertainty in the percentage of mistakes in bleeding sensation.
Results: There were 1660 patients with severe Hemophilia A (PWSHA) in Tehran in 2018. The mean utilization of annual per patient FVIII was 44814 international units (IUs) in Iran. The total annual cost of FVIII concentrate for 1660 hemophilic patients in Tehran was estimated at $ 11,001,816. The cost of running HASDM, personal, and equipment is equal to $ 580,956. The cost of FVIII in HASDM would be $ 4,004,661. Therefore, the total cost of HASDM is estimated at $ 4,585,617. The amount of savings was $ 6,416,199. Sensitivity analysis indicated the robustness of the results up to 94.64% of the variation in the model parameters.
Conclusions: HASDM, compared to episodic model, can save 58.32% of the funding for controlling bleeding in HAPs annually. This can save more than 38 times of HAPs annual cost over their lifetime.
The Evaluation of Concentration of Harmful Chemical Pollutants in Fume Caused by Surgical Cauterization in Hospital Surgery Rooms Related to Pharmacological Aspects
Authors: Abdollahpour Abolfazl , Azizzadeh Maryam , Kermani Ali , Pahlevan Daryoush 
Published: January 2020

Background: Harmful chemical pollutants of pharmaceutical origin present in the environmental pollutants especially surgical room may have the same toxic specifications of chemicals from industrial sources. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of harmful chemical pollutants in fume caused by surgical cauterization in hospital surgery rooms.
Methods: This is a quantitative, cross-sectional and practical study. The study population consisted of all personnel who are working in hospital surgery rooms. Samples were prepared according to NIOSH standard method. The tool for data collection is Occupational Exposure Limits booklet (OEL).
Sample Size: 30 samples were required according to surgery room conditions. In order to evaluate and measure the concentration of workplace air pollutants and individual exposure to them, the individual sampling method is used compliant with the standard procedures of the NIOSH or OSHA organizations, that according to the type of material and for each material, a particular method is mentioned and has a specific code. In this study, NIOSH Organization Method No. 1501 was used. The data were analyzed based on the data obtained from sampling and comparing them with the allowed limits.
Results: In this study, the organic aromatic hydrocarbons including, Benzene, Ethylbenzene, Toluene and Xylene were investigated and fortunately, in all samples, these pollutants are below the permitted level.
Conclusion: According to the results, the measured concentration of pollutants are less than the allowed limit. It is also recommended that other pollutants be evaluated at any time in order to gain the necessary knowledge of the personnel exposure status.
The Importance of Sustainable Tourism Governance at the Natural Area Pantai Carita
Authors: Sulistyadi Yohanes , Eddyono Fauziah , Entas Derinta 
Published: January 2020

Aims: The purpose of this report is to show how important the formation of Destination Management Organization (DMO) for overlapping document legal policy in the management of the use of Banten Jungle Park. Regional government regulations in an area of Jungle Park is the territorial government and with the ministry of forestry, the forest management authority is under authority of Ministry of Forestry. The problem is with the local governments were not providing space for conservation and a limitation on tourism activity in the Jungle Park, while the Ministry of Forestry regulation, conservation is the main purpose of forest management in which there is special restrictions to be done in the use of the forest as conservation tourism. By the existance of Spatial Planning Forum, all stakeholders have interest and objectives together so the Forest conservation efforts could be done well as together.
Presentation of Case: Based on legislative regulation prevailing the management of Banten Forest park, it is given to the ministry of forestry and provincial government, as well as the district government. From the aspect of tourism sustainable development, the situation of overlapping legislative regulations could be obstacles in the practice of sustainable tourism in the Banten Forest park because the two agencies have a different interest in forest utilization.
Discussion: In various destinations, DMO is not just change the place to be tourist destination, describing tourism policy which is less integrated to become integrated and coordination between various stakeholders. At the moment, DMO have adjusted the tasks and activities in marketing aspects destination because of increased competition and a market changing. DMO stakeholders need an active role in defining fundamental strategy and management business networks but it takes an independent strategy collaborated toward a share goal, cooperation, and having synergy between all stakeholders who are in destinations.
Conclusion: The whole legislation roles made in order to increase of public economic should be placed within the framework of the sustainable development goals insightful environment.
Mis‐annotations of a promising antibiotic target in high‐priority gram‐negative pathogens
Authors: Impey Rachael E. , Lee Mihwa , Hawkins Daniel A. , Sutton J. Mark , Panjikar Santosh , Perugini Matthew A. , Soares da Costa Tatiana P. 
Published: January 2020

The rise of antibiotic resistance combined with the lack of new products entering the market has led to bacterial infections becoming one of the biggest threats to global health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel antibiotic targets, such as dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS), an enzyme involved in the production of essential metabolites in cell wall and protein synthesis. Here, we utilised a 7‐residue sequence motif to identify mis‐annotation of multiple DHDPS genes in the high‐priority Gram‐negative bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. We subsequently confirmed these mis‐annotations using a combination of enzyme kinetics and X‐ray crystallography. Thus, this study highlights the need to ensure genes encoding promising drug targets, like DHDPS, are annotated correctly, especially for clinically important pathogens.PDB ID6UE0.
Highly Efficient and Water‐Stable Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots Using Superhydrophobic Aerogel Inorganic Matrix for White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Li Zongtao , Song Cunjiang , Li Jiasheng , Liang Guanwei , Rao Longshi , Yu Shudong , Ding Xinrui , Tang Yong , Yu Binhai , Ou Jianzhen , Lemmer Uli , Gomard Guillaume 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAt present, most of lead halide perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) embedded in an enclosed organic polymer or glass matrix can achieve high water stability, yet this limits their subsequent integration with light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) and other functional materials. Herein, a postadsorption process using superhydrophobic aerogel inorganic matrix (S‐AIM) with open structures is presented to enhance water stability of PQDs and compose new functions to them such as magnetism. The CsPbBr3 PQDs integrated with the S‐AIM (AeroPQDs) exhibit a high relative photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY, 75.6%) of 90.9% compared to pristine PQDs (PLQY, 83.2%). They preserve their initial PL intensity after 11 days of soaking in water and achieve a high relative PLQY stability (50.5%) after soaking for 3.5 months. The hydrophobic (rough) surface of the matrix, its pores with a well‐matched mean diameter that promotes the homogeneous integration of PQDs and hinders the penetration of water as well as the oleophylic functional groups covering the surface of these pores are the three factors responsible for the high water stability. Finally, AeroPQDs are easily integrated with other functional nanomaterials, such as Fe3O4 nanoparticles for magnetic manipulation, due to their open structure.
Freeform Microfluidic Networks Encapsulated in Laser‐Printed 3D Macroscale Glass Objects
Authors: Lin Zijie , Xu Jian , Song Yunpeng , Li Xiaolong , Wang Peng , Chu Wei , Wang Zhenhua , Cheng Ya 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLarge‐scale microfluidic microsystems with complex 3D configurations are highly in demand by both fundamental research and industrial application, holding the potentials for fostering a wide range of innovative applications such as organ‐on‐a‐chip as well as continuous‐flow manufacturing. However, freeform fabrication of such systems remains challenging for current fabrication techniques in terms of fabrication resolution, flexibility, and achievable footprint size. Herein, ultrashort pulse laser microfabrication of freeform microfluidic circuits with high aspect ratios embedded in 3D printed glass macroscale objects is reported. Centimeter‐length microchannels with uniform diameters are achieved by distributing a string of extra‐access ports along the channels for avoiding the overetching. After the chemical etching, the extra‐access ports are sealed using carbon dioxide laser–induced localized glass melting. A model hand of 3D laser–printed fused silica with a size of ≈3 cm × 2.7 cm × 1.1 cm in which the whole blood vessel system is encapsulated is demonstrated.
Li2O:Li–Mn–O Disordered Rock‐Salt Nanocomposites as Cathode Prelithiation Additives for High‐Energy Density Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Diaz‐Lopez Maria , Chater Philip A. , Bordet Pierre , Freire Melanie , Jordy Christian , Lebedev Oleg I. , Pralong Valerie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe irreversible loss of lithium from the cathode material during the first cycles of rechargeable Li‐ion batteries notably reduces the overall cell capacity. Here, a new family of sacrificial cathode additives based on Li2O:Li2/3Mn1/3O5/6 composites synthesized by mechanochemical alloying is reported. These nanocomposites display record (but irreversible) capacities within the Li–Mn–O systems studied, of up to 1157 mAh g−1, which represents an increase of over 300% of the originally reported capacity in Li2/3Mn1/3O5/6 disordered rock salts. Such a high irreversible capacity is achieved by the reaction between Li2O and Li2/3Mn1/3O5/6 during the first charge, where electrochemically active Li2O acts as a Li+ donor. A 13% increase of the LiFePO4 and LiCoO2 first charge gravimetric capacities is demonstrated by the addition of only 2 wt% of the nanosized composite in the cathode mixture. This result shows the great potential of these newly discovered sacrificial additives to counteract initial losses of Li+ ions and improve battery performance.