bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purcell-enhanced emission from individual SiV− center in nanodiamonds coupled to a Si3N4-based, photonic crystal cavity
Authors: Fehler Konstantin G. , Ovvyan Anna P. , Antoniuk Lukas , Lettner Niklas , Gruhler Nico , Davydov Valery A. , Agafonov Viatcheslav N. , Pernice Wolfram H.P. , Kubanek Alexander 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Hybrid quantum photonics combines classical photonics with quantum emitters in a postprocessing step. It facilitates to link ideal quantum light sources to optimized photonic platforms. Optical cavities enable to harness the Purcell-effect boosting the device efficiency. Here, we postprocess a free-standing, crossed-waveguide photonic crystal cavity based on Si3N4 with SiV− center in nanodiamonds. We develop a routine that optimizes the overlap with the cavity electric field utilizing atomic force microscope (AFM) nanomanipulation to attain control of spatial and dipole alignment. Temperature tuning further gives access to the spectral emitter-cavity overlap. After a few optimization cycles, we resolve the fine-structure of individual SiV− centers and achieve a Purcell enhancement of more than 4 on individual optical transitions, meaning that four out of five spontaneously emitted photons are channeled into the photonic device. Our work opens up new avenues to construct efficient quantum photonic devices.
Selective surface-enhanced Raman scattering in a bulk nanoplasmonic Bi2O3-Ag eutectic composite
Authors: Szlachetko Kamil , Piotrowski Piotr , Sadecka Katarzyna , Osewski Paweł , Kasprowicz Dobrosława , Pawlak Dorota A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A recent surge of interest in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has stimulated the search for new systems that can be utilized to fabricate high-performance optical devices. However, the two-dimensional design of the vast majority of SERS-based assemblies has significantly hindered their real-life applicability, motivating the development of three-dimensional volumetric materials. Here, we report selective SERS observed in a volumetric Bi2O3-Ag eutectic composite obtained by the micro-pulling-down method utilizing directional solidification of eutectics. The enhancement of the Raman signal originates from the localized surface plasmon resonance, LSPR, resulting from silver nanoparticles embedded in the composite. The plasmonic origin of the enhancement is confirmed by characteristic features, such as (i) an enhancement magnitude >103, (ii) the correspondence between the Raman bands’ intensity upon excitation by different wavelengths and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) intensity, and (iii) the occurrence of overtones, which are absent in the as-grown material that does not exhibit LSPR. The examined Bi2O3-Ag eutectic-based composite is obtained by directional solidification using a simple crystal growth technique. It is the first case of a bulk SERS-active material fabricated by crystal growth techniques, which opens new perspectives towards scalable three-dimensional optical elements with tunable properties based on Raman scattering.
The Role of Offline Places for Communication and Social Interaction in Online and Virtual Spaces in the Multinational Workplace
Authors: Pettersen Lene 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThere is a common assumption that information communication technology (ICT) enables employees to work together and to be virtually co-present, regardless of time and place. However, previous studies of social networking sites (e.g. Facebook and social enterprise media in work settings) show a consistent tendency among users to reconnect and communicate online almost exclusively with people they already know. The paper at hand examines in depth what role shared places have in knowledge work and in creating a virtual or online co-presence among knowledge professionals. The findings of the present study show that the tendency of communicating with known others in online spaces is also at play in the offline workplace, as professionals approach those whom they already know when in need of work-related help. One of the conclusions is that the geographical workplace plays a key role in creating a common ground for communication and social integration among employees, since a core dimension in knowledge work is social interaction. The paper uses insights from a qualitative and longitudinal case study (2010–2013) of a multinational consultancy company.
Effect of ball milling process on the photocatalytic performance of CdS/TiO2composite
Authors: Ye Mengya , Pan Jiahui , Guo Zhan , Liu Xiaoyu , Chen Yu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCdS/TiO2composite photocatalysts were made by the method of secondary ball milling at different ball milling speeds, milling time, and material ratios. After the secondary ball milling process, parts of the samples were calcined at high temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) were used to observe the powder particle size, structural defect, bandgap, and absorption spectrum of the samples. Combined with the observation results, the effects of ball milling speed, time, material ratio, and high-temperature calcination on the photocatalytic performance of CdS/TiO2composite samples were analyzed. Furthermore, the methyl orange (MO) was chosen to simulate pollutants, and the photocatalytic degradation rate of CdS/TiO2composite photocatalysts for MO was evaluated under sunlight and UV irradiation conditions. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of CdS/TiO2photocatalyst under UV irradiation is much higher than that under sunlight irradiation. The experimental results reveal that secondary ball milling can effectively promote the formation of CdS/TiO2composite nanostructure and the high-temperature calcination can reduce the bandgap width, which makes the samples easier to be excited. When the ball milling speed, time, and material ratio were respectively 400 rpm, 10 h, 25:75, and then calcined at high temperature, after 2 h of irradiation under UV light, CdS/TiO2composite photocatalysts exhibited maximum photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 57.84%.
Effect of annealing heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of nonequiatomic CoCrFeNiMo medium-entropy alloys prepared by hot isostatic pressing
Authors: Zhang Yali , Jiang Xiaosong , Sun Hongliang , Shao Zhenyi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, nonequiatomic Co28.5Cr21.5Fe20Ni26Mo4 medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) were prepared using hot isostatic pressing. The effect of annealing heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of MEAs was investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of as-sintered alloys was mainly composed of the face-centered cubic (FCC) phase and μ phase. The presence of the μ phase could improve the compressive strength of Co28.5Cr21.5Fe20Ni26Mo4 MEAs. Meanwhile, the ductile FCC phase matrix could effectively suppress the propagation of cracks to improve its ductility. Hence, as-sintered MEAs possessed excellent compression properties, and the average compressive strength value was 2,606 MPa when the strain was 50%. Compared with as-sintered MEAs, the phase composition of as-annealed MEAs did not change. The micro-hardness of annealed MEAs was stable compared to as-sintered MEAs (342 HV), and its fluctuation was about ±30 HV. The compressive strength of the annealed MEAs did not alter greatly, and the maximum fluctuation value was only about 6.5%. Hence, Co28.5Cr21.5Fe20Ni26Mo4 MEAs had excellent thermal stability.
Solution chemistry in the surface region of aqueous solutions
Authors: Persson Ingmar , Werner Josephina , Björneholm Olle , Blanco Yina Salamanca , Topel Önder , Bajnóczi Éva G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Solution chemistry is commonly regarded as the physical chemistry of reactions and chemical equilibria taking place in the bulk of a solvent, and between solutes in solution, and solids or gases in contact with the solution. Our knowledge about such reactions and equilibria in aqueous solution is very detailed such as their physico–chemical constants at varying temperature, pressure, ionic medium and strength. In this paper the solution chemistry in the surface region of aqueous solutions, down to ca. 10 Å below the water–air interface, will be discussed. In this region, the density and relative permittivity are significantly smaller than in the aqueous bulk strongly affecting the chemical behaviour of solutes. Surface sensitive X-ray spectroscopic methods have recently been applicable on liquids and solutions by use of liquid jets. This allows the investigation of the speciation of compounds present in the water–air interface and the surface region, a region hardly studied before. Speciation studies show overwhelmingly that neutral molecules are accumulated in the surface region, while charged species are depleted from it. It has been shown that the equilibria between aqueous bulk, surface region, solids and/or air are very fast allowing effective transport of chemicals over the aqueous surface region.
Pandemic Police States
Authors: Coyne Christopher J. , Yatsyshina Yuliya 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak prompted governments around the world to employ a range of emergency methods to combat the pandemic. In many countries these emergency measures relied heavily on police powers, which refer to the capacity of governments to forcefully regulate behavior and impose order as defined by those in control of the state apparatus. Throughout the world police powers have been used to limit free association through government-imposed stay-at-home orders, impose social distancing rules, close non-essential businesses, and impose lockdowns. State orders have been enforced through various forms of direct monitoring, indirect surveillance, and in some instances, violence. We discuss the theoretical foundations of the troubling aspects of pandemic police states. We then catalog some pandemic police state activities associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. We conclude with the implications for peace studies.
Disagreement among Arabic speakers in faceless computer-mediated communication
Authors: Harb Mustafa 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study provides a pragmatic taxonomy of asynchronous computer-mediated expressions of disagreement by Arabic speakers. It draws on a specialized corpus of approximately fifty thousand words in the form of naturally occurring comments/posts compiled over a period of ninety days from 19 Arabic Facebook Pages and Groups in three topic areas: (i) religion, (ii) politics and (iii) society. Following Relational Work (Locher and Watts 2005, 2008), I propose ten discursive strategies as underlying patterns of the pragmatic realization of disagreement among Arabic speakers. These include IRRELEVANCY CLAIM, CONTRADICTION, COUNTERCLAIM, CHALLENGE, EXCLAMATION, VERBAL IRONY, ARGUMENT AVOIDANCE, MILD SCOLDING, SUPPLICATION, and VERBAL ATTACK. With the exclusion of some examples, I argue that most of these strategies are neither polite nor impolite, but rather appropriate (i. e., politic) in the context of disagreement. I also provide evidence that sociocultural and religious norms have impacts on SUPPLICATION and MILD SCOLDING.
Religiöse und spirituelle Bedürfnisse bei traumatisierten muslimischen Patienten in Sarajevo
Authors: Glavas Andrijana , Büssing Arndt , Baumann Klaus 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Nach dem Krieg in Bosnien und Herzegowina leiden viele Menschen an Traumafolgeerkrankungen. Das Ziel der Studie war, religiöse und spirituelle Bedürfnisse bei den mehrheitlich muslimischen Patienten in Sarajevo zu untersuchen.
Existenzielle Wiedergutmachung in der Bewältigung von Traumata
Authors: Cöppicus Lichtsteiner Gisela A. 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Frühtraumatisierte Menschen leiden oft an tiefgreifenden Entwicklungsstörungen und persönlichkeitsverändernden posttraumatischen seelischen Belastungen. Religion und Spiritualität können sich als heilende Ressourcen erweisen. Der Beitrag zeigt anhand von philosophischen und theologischen Aussagen der Autoren Josef Rudin, Paul Tillich, Rüdiger Safranski und Karl Jaspers auf, wie wichtig die Einbeziehung der religiösen und spirituellen Dimension bei existenziell erschütternden Erfahrungen ist. Eine Fallvignette veranschaulicht, wie eine spontan auftretende existenziell-religiöse Erfahrung in die Katathym Imaginative Psychotherapie wirkungsvoll einbezogen werden kann. Abschließend werden Impulse für Spiritual Care in der Psychotherapie gebündelt. Für Versöhnung und Heilung aus der Tiefe prägt die Autorin den Begriff „existenzielle Wiedergutmachung“.
Spirituelle Bedürfnisse schwer kranker Menschen mit Fluchterfahrung. Herausforderungen für die Palliativversorgung
Authors: Banse Christian , Nauck Friedemann 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungFlüchtlinge und Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund, die im deutschen Gesundheitssystem palliativ versorgt werden, befürchten Ausgrenzung. Ergebnisse aus einem qualitativen Forschungsprojekt zeigen, dass diese Patientinnen und Patienten ihre Flucht und die palliative Situation als doppelte Vulnerabilität erleben. Sie fragen sich in diesem Zusammenhang, was am Lebensende wichtig ist. Seltener werden ‚klassisch‘ spirituelle Antworten etwa aus der jeweiligen Religion, der man angehört, gegeben, sondern zumeist stehen die professionelle Unterstützung bei der Erfüllung von Grundbedürfnissen und die Wahrnehmung der Ängste etwa durch die behandelnden Ärzte für die Patientinnen und Patienten als hilfreiche Ressourcen im Vordergrund. Die Palliativversorger betonen die Probleme, die bei der Unterstützung auftreten, wenn das palliative Angebot von Patientinnen und Patienten nicht wahrgenommen wird. Zu den Ressourcen, die für die Patientinnen und Patienten in der Verarbeitung der Situation wichtig sind, gehört ein Vertrauen in die Palliativversorgung. In diesem Zusammenhang sollte von Seiten des medizinischen und pflegerischen Personals die Akzeptanz der Diversität der Patienten-Biografien wichtig sein. Spiritualität, die zu wenig aus der Perspektive der Patientinnen und Patienten betrachtet wird, kann auch zu einer Barriere im Austausch von Patient/-in und Palliativversorgern werden.
The Meta–Narrative Moment: Rhesus’ Horses Revisited
Authors: Tsagalis Christos C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study offers a thorough re-examination of the claim that the Doloneia is a major interpolation in the Iliad, since the horses of Rhesus stolen by the two Achaean spies in Iliad 10 are not used by Diomedes to win the chariot race in the Funeral Games in honor of Patroclus in Iliad 23. It is argued that this claim is wrong. Diomedes wins with the semi-divine Trojan horses he has stolen from Aeneas in Iliad 5, i. e. with the best horses after Achilles’ divine horses which are not used in the chariot race. Aeneas’ horses are the only ones that can defeat Eumelus’ excellent mares, which have been called the second-best Achaean horses in Il. 2.763–764.
Kombination eines neuartigen Doppelpuls-RGB-Interferometers mit einem Hartmann-Shack-Wellenfrontsensor zur dynamischen flächenhaften Topographieerfassung
Authors: Gollor Pascal , Schake Markus , Tereschenko Stanislav , Roetmann Karsten , Mann Klaus , Schäfer Bernd , Uhlrich Günter , Haberland Matthias , Lehmann Peter 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird ein Messsystem vorgestellt, das aus der Kombination eines phasenmessenden Interferometers mit einem Hartmann-Shack-Wellenfrontsensor besteht. Die beiden Sensoren nutzen einen gemeinsamen optischen Strahlengang einschließlich eines Mikroskobjektivs, das auf die zu messende Oberfläche gerichtet ist. Sie unterscheiden sich jedoch grundlegend in ihrer physikalischen Funktionsweise und ihren messtechnischen Eigenschaften. Der Wellenfrontsensor erfasst niederfrequente Ortsfrequenzanteile einer dreidimensionalen Oberflächentopographie mit einer vergleichsweise geringen Anzahl an Stützstellen anhand eines einzelnen monochromen Kamerabildes. Das Interferometer benötigt zwei RGB-Aufnahmen zur Rekonstruktion der Phasenkarte derselben Oberflächentopographie und erfasst dabei deutlich höhere Ortsfrequenzanteile, welche für die Rauheitsmessung erforderlich sind. Eine spezielle Doppelpuls-Beleuchtung in Verbindung mit einer periodischen Phasenmodulation ermöglicht die Akquisition der erforderlichen Interferogramme in ca. 50 µs. Die Kombination der Messergebnisse von Wellenfrontsensor und Interferometer ermöglicht den Verzicht auf störanfällige Unwrapping-Algorithmen und erhöht die Flexibilität und das Einsatzspektrum der Sensorkombination im Vergleich zu einem Einzelsensor. Die geringe Zeitdauer zur Erfassung der Topographie eines mikroskopischen Messfeldes erlaubt Messungen an bewegten Messobjekten und bildet damit eine wichtige Voraussetzung für den Einsatz des Sensorsystems in Produktionsanlagen. Die Funktionsweise und die praktische Realisierung des Sensors werden vorgestellt. Messergebnisse von verschiedenen Messobjekten zeigen das Potential dieser Sensorkombination und die jeweiligen Einschränkungen der beiden Sensoren auf.
Synthesis, X-ray characterization and catalytic homogenous alcohol oxidation activity of Co(II)–carboxamide complex with green oxidant (H2O2) under mild conditions
Authors: Ünver Hakan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, a new air and moisture stable mononuclear cobalt(II)–carboxamide complex, [Co(TCrbx)2(CH3OH)2](ClO4)2, was synthesized and characterized (TCrbx = N-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxamide). Complex characterization mainly was done with single crystal X-ray analysis. Ligand characterization was done with several spectroscopic techniques (Elemental Analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR). Cobalt(II) complex possesses distorted octahedral geometry coordinated with two carboxamide ligands at equatorial and two methanol ligands at axial positions and two perchlorate anions as counter ions. Synthesized complex was successfully tested as homogenous catalyst for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol with environmental friendly oxidant hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under mild conditions. Benzaldehyde was selectively obtained with the conversion value of 99.5% in dimethyl formamide after 3-h reaction time at 50 °C with 133 TON value. Solvent and temperature effects were also investigated.
The reaction of imidazo[1,5-a]pyridines with ninhydrin revisited
Authors: El-Abadelah Mustafa M. , Awwadi Firas F. , Abdullah Ahmad H. , Voelter Wolfgang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The synthesis of 2,2′-(Imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-1,3-diyl)bis(2-hydroxy-1H-indene-1,3(2H)-dione) (11) is achieved by reaction of imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine (7) with two equivalents of ninhydrin (1) at room temperature. The structure of this new 1,3-bis-adduct 11 is evidenced from HRMS and NMR spectral data and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Employment of equimolar amounts of 1 and 7 gave a separable mixture of the respective 1- and 3-monomeric adducts (9, 10).
A cobalt(II) coordination polymer constructed with the 2-carboxy-phenoxyacetate linker showing a corrugated layer structure: synthesis, structure analysis and magnetic properties
Authors: Du Zhong-Xiang , Li Jun-Xia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A new binary CoII coordination polymer, [Co(2-cpa)2(H2O)]
n
(1) has been synthesized by a hydrothermal reaction of cobalt(II) acetate tetrahydrate and 2-carboxy-phenoxyacetic acid (2-H2cpa) in the presence of potassium hydroxide. Structural analysis revealed that the central CoII ion is in an octahedral geometry coordinated with one aqua and five oxygen atoms of three 2-carboxy-phenoxyacetate (2-cpa) ligands. The 2-cpa anions function as pentadentate double bridging chelate-μ
3 linkers binding neighboring CoII ions together, to form an unusual corrugated (4,4)-connected layer. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility data in the 2–300 K temperature range indicates a weak antiferromagnetic coupling between adjacent cobalt(II) ions.
Bergamot essential oil nanoemulsions: antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Marchese Enrico , D’onofrio Nunzia , Balestrieri Maria Luisa , Castaldo Domenico , Ferrari Giovanna , Donsì Francesco 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bergamot essential oil (BEO) is well-known for its food preservation activity, as well as anticancer efficacy. However, the poor BEO water solubility and deriving low bioaccessibility have limited its wider applications. The incorporation in nanoemulsions of BEO and its refined fractions was investigated to enhance its dispersibility in water to promote its antimicrobial activity, tested against Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its cytotoxicity already at low concentrations. Different nanoemulsion formulations were tested based on food-grade ingredients, which were characterized in terms of hydrodynamic diameter and polydispersity index, and physical stability. The antimicrobial activity against all the tested micro-organisms was observed to be higher for BEO in its initial composition, than the light fraction, richer in d-limonene, ß-pinene, and γ-terpinene, or the heavy fraction, richer in linalyl acetate and linalool. Remarkably, the use of BEO nanoemulsions notably enhanced the antimicrobial activity for all the tested oils. BEO exhibited also a measurable cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 cells, which was also enhanced by the use of the different nanoemulsions tested, in comparison with free oil, which discourages the direct use of BEO nanoemulsions as a food preservative. Conversely, BEO nanoemulsions might find use in therapeutic applications as anticarcinogenic agents.
Green synthesis and application of heterogeneous iron oxide based nanoparticles for dairy wastewater treatment by Photo-Fenton processes
Authors: Malakootian Mohammad , Heidari Mohammad Reza 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the efficiency of heterogeneous Photo-bio-Fenton-like process and adsorption process for phosphorus removal from wastewater. The results showed that both of these processes can reach 98 and 92% removal efficiencies phosphate (P) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), respectively. The findings of kinetic and isotherm studies revealed that data of P removal highly correlated with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. The quenching experiments determined that both hydroxyl radicals and sulfate radicals are key factors for the removal of contamination and the sulfate radicals were also the dominant radicals.
Axiology of Financial Law
Authors: Zaremba Joanna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Financial law is a separate, autonomous and interdisciplinary field of law that has evolved from administrative law. The subject of this area of law are primarily public finances based on a number of principles and institutions that have the right to perform public financial operations. The catalogue of public values under financial law is, however, open because the law is constructed in terms of certain values and their protection. It should be emphasized that the law indicates the proper system of values, in which human dignity and freedom are the most important. These values are the source of all rights, including financial law. The subject of axiology is the relationship between these values and the legal normative system. The purpose of this article is to apply broadly understood general and academic financial law, in the theoretical aspect and terms of functions and details. In the case of financial law, axiology focuses mainly on the essence and public values contained in financial law, while it can be considered that the catalogue of public values under financial law is open.