bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient All‐Solution‐Processed Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes Enabled by Small‐Molecule Doped Electron Injection Layers
Authors: Zhang Jianfeng , Wang Haoran , Cao Fan , Wang Sheng , Wu Jialong , Dou Yongjiang , Zhang Jianhua , Chen Jing , Zhao Dewei , Yang Xuyong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have attracted considerable attention in the field of light‐emitting diodes due to their high color purity and solution processability. However, most perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) employ thermally deposited charge transport layers (CTLs) on top of perovskite layers. In order to realize low‐cost and scalable fabrication of PeLEDs, all‐solution process is highly desired, but still remaining great challenges. Here, an efficient all‐solution‐processed green PeLEDs is reported by incorporating 1,3,5‐tris(1‐phenyl‐1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐yl)benzene (TPBi) doped conjugated amino‐alkyl substituted polyfluorene poly[(9,9‐bis(3′‐(N,N‐dimethylamino)propyl)‐2,7‐fluorene)‐alt‐2,7‐(9,9‐dioctylfluorene)] (PFN) electron injection layer, achieving a maximum luminance of 9875 cd m−2, a high current efficiency of 10.41 cd A−1, and an external quantum efficiency of 3.19%. Since the solvents used for perovskite precursors and PFN are orthogonal, the protected and complete interface of perovskite film and CTL is effectively obtained by solution processes. The doping of TPBi into PFN not only enhances the capability of electron injection, but also significantly suppresses the emission quenching of perovskite films caused by the charge transfer between perovskite and PFN due to the reduced difference in their work functions. This work provides an efficient approach for the development of all‐solution‐processed PeLEDs.
Quantum Noise and Squeezed Light by Dipolaritons in the Nonlinear Regime
Authors: Jabri Houcem , Eleuch Hichem 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe quantum noise and the squeezing effect, in the transmitted light, by a dipolariton system formed by a double quantum wells microcavity in the strong coupling regime are investigated. It is shown that the indirect exciton nonlinearity generates stronger squeezing than the direct exciton nonlinearity, nevertheless produces very high fluctuations for some particular detunings and nonlinearities. The system shows a considerable sensitivity to the thermal excitations where the coupling to the direct and indirect excitonic thermal baths progressively destroys the nonclassical effect. Despite that, indirect exciton squeezing manifests a higher resistance against the thermal bath temperature. As a result, the emission field is strongly governed by the indirect excitons, varying between robust squeezing and excess noise.
In Vivo Solid‐Phase Microextraction for Sampling of Oxylipins in Brain of Awake, Moving Rats
Authors: Napylov Alexander , Reyes‐Garces Nathaly , Gomez‐Rios German , Olkowicz Mariola , Lendor Sofia , Monnin Cian , Bojko Barbara , Hamani Clement , Pawliszyn Janusz , Vuckovic Dajana 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOxylipins are key lipid mediators of important brain processes, including pain, sleep, oxidative stress, and inflammation. For the first time, an in‐depth profile of up to 52 oxylipins can be obtained from the brains of awake moving animals using in vivo solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) chemical biopsy tool in combination with liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry. Among these, 23 oxylipins are detectable in the majority of healthy wildtype samples. This new approach successfully eliminates the changes in oxylipin concentrations routinely observed during the analysis of post‐mortem samples, allows time‐course monitoring of their concentrations with high spatial resolution in specific brain regions of interest, and can be performed using the same experimental set‐up as in vivo microdialysis (MD) thus providing a new and exciting tool in neuroscience and drug discovery.
Controllable Synthesis of Multicompartmental Particles Using 3D Microfluidics
Authors: Wu Zengnan , Zheng Yajing , Lin Ling , Mao Sifeng , Li Zenghe , Lin Jin‐Ming 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA microfluidic assembly method based on a microfluidic chip and capillary device was developed to create multicompartmental particles. The microfluidic chip design endows the particles with regulable internal structure. By adjusting the microstructure of the chip, the diameter of the capillary, the gap length between the two microfluidic components, and the flow rates, the size of the particles and the number or the ratio of different regions within the particle could be widely varied. As a proof of concept, we have produced some complicated particles that even contain 20 compartments. Furthermore, the potential applications of the anisotropic particles are explored by encapsulating magnetic beads, fluorescent nanoparticles, and the cells into different compartments of the microparticles. We believe that this method will open new avenues for the design and application of multicompartmental particles.
Self‐Assembling Supramolecular Hybrid Hydrogel Beads
Authors: Piras Carmen C. , Slavik Petr , Smith David K. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWith the goal of imposing shape and structure on supramolecular gels, we combine a low‐molecular‐weight gelator (LMWG) with the polymer gelator (PG) calcium alginate in a hybrid hydrogel. By imposing thermal and temporal control of the orthogonal gelation methods, the system either forms an extended interpenetrating network or core–shell‐structured gel beads—a rare example of a supramolecular gel formulated inside discrete gel spheres. The self‐assembled LMWG retains its unique properties within the beads, such as remediating PdII and reducing it in situ to yield catalytically active Pd0 nanoparticles. A single PdNP‐loaded gel bead can catalyse the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction, constituting a simple and easy‐to‐use reaction‐dosing form. These uniquely shaped and structured LMWG‐filled gel beads are a versatile platform technology with great potential in a range of applications.
Unambiguous Intracellular Localization and Quantification of a Potent Iridium Anticancer Compound by Correlative 3D Cryo X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Conesa José Javier , Carrasco Ana C. , Rodríguez‐Fanjul Vanessa , Yang Yang , Carrascosa José L. , Cloetens Peter , Pereiro Eva , Pizarro Ana M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe iridium half‐sandwich complex [Ir(η5:κ1‐C5Me4CH2py)(2‐phenylpyridine)]PF6 is highly cytotoxic: 15–250× more potent than clinically used cisplatin in several cancer cell lines. We have developed a correlative 3D cryo X‐ray imaging approach to specifically localize and quantify iridium within the whole hydrated cell at nanometer resolution. By means of cryo soft X‐ray tomography (cryo‐SXT), which provides the cellular ultrastructure at 50 nm resolution, and cryo hard X‐ray fluorescence tomography (cryo‐XRF), which provides the elemental sensitivity with a 70 nm step size, we have located the iridium anticancer agent exclusively in the mitochondria. Our methodology provides unique information on the intracellular fate of the metallodrug, without chemical fixation, labeling, or mechanical manipulation of the cells. This cryo‐3D correlative imaging method can be applied to a number of biochemical processes for specific elemental localization within the native cellular landscape.
Searching for Small Molecules with an Atomic Sort
Authors: Duggan Brendan M. , Cullum Reiko , Fenical William , Amador Luis A. , Rodríguez Abimael D. , La Clair James J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe discovery of biologically active small molecules requires sifting through large amounts of data to identify unique or unusual arrangements of atoms. Here, we develop, test and evaluate an atom‐based sort to identify novel features of secondary metabolites and demonstrate its use to evaluate novelty in marine microbial and sponge extracts. This study outlines an important ongoing advance towards the translation of autonomous systems to identify, and ultimately elucidate, atomic novelty within a complex mixture of small molecules.
Adsorption mechanism of copper ions in aqueous solution by chitosan–carboxymethyl starch composites
Authors: Chen Liang , Hao HongYing , Zhang WanTing , Shao Ziqiang 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBased on the structural characteristics of chitosan (CTS) and carboxymethyl starch (CMS)， CTS–CMS composites were prepared by crosslinking. The composites had a plurality of reactive functional groups such as NH2, NH3+, COOH, and OH and are applied to the adsorption of Cu2+ in aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity and stability in acidic solution of the composites were preferable to that of raw material. The effects of temperature, contact time, initial concentration, and pH on the adsorption of Cu2+ were investigated. Infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive spectrometer, X‐ray diffraction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to explore the adsorption mechanism. The experiment showed that chemisorption and physisorption coexisted in the adsorption process. It is promising to apply this adsorbent to remove the metal ions in wastewater. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48636.
Sodalite‐type Cu‐based Three‐dimensional Metal–Organic Framework for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Mani Prabu , Devadas Sharat , Gurusamy Tamilselvi , Karthik Pitchiah Esakki , Ratheesh Balu P. , Ramanujam Kothandaraman , Mandal Sukhendu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInspired by copper‐based oxygen reduction biocatalysts, we have studied the electrocatalytic behavior of a Cu‐based MOF (Cu‐BTT) for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline medium. This catalyst reduces the oxygen at the onset (Eonset) and half‐wave potential (E1/2) of 0. 940 V and 0.778 V, respectively. The high halfway potential supports the good activity of Cu‐BTT MOF. The high ORR catalytic activity can be interpreted by the presence of nitrogen‐rich ligand (tetrazole) and the generation of nascent copper(I) during the reaction. In addition to the excellent activity, Cu‐BTT MOF showed exceptional stability too, which was confirmed through chronoamperometry study, where current was unchanged up to 12 h. Further, the 4‐electrons transfer of ORR kinetics was confirmed by hydrodynamic voltammetry. The oxygen active center namely copper(I) generation during ORR has been understood by the reduction peak in cyclic voltammetry as well in the XPS analysis.
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten eines digitalen Baugrundmodells im Tunnelbau
Authors: Fröch Georg , Flora Matthias , Gächter Werner , Harpf Florian , Tautschnig Arnold 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDigitale Bauwerksmodelle zur Unterstützung der relevanten Prozesse in der Wertschöpfungskette Bau erobern zunehmend den Infrastrukturbau. Während im Hochbau 3‐D‐Planung und BIM gebräuchlich sind, werden die Planungsunterlagen von Infrastrukturbauwerken derzeit noch mehrheitlich in 2‐D ausgearbeitet. Falls die Planung dreidimensional erfolgt, werden in den wenigsten Fällen den Volumenkörpern Eigenschaften zugeordnet. Diese Zuordnung wäre jedoch eine Grundvoraussetzung für die „BIM‐Arbeitsweise“.Ein weiterer Unterschied zum Hochbau ist die wesentlich stärkere Interaktion der gewählten Baumethoden mit dem Baugrund. Dies trifft in speziellem Maße auf den Tunnelbau zu, da das Baugrundverhalten primär von der Interaktion des gewählten Bauverfahrens mit dem Baugrund abhängig ist. Trotz umfassender Vorauserkundungsmaßnahmen sind die geotechnischen Eigenschaften und das Baugrundverhalten im Voraus nie vollständig bekannt.Bei der Anwendung von BIM im Infrastrukturbau ergeben sich somit spezielle Anforderungen an das digitale Baugrundmodell, um dieses als umfassende Basis für die typischen Anwendungsfälle wie Simulation und Auswahl von Bauverfahren, Massen‐ und Kostenermittlungen, Beobachtung und Dokumentation des Baugrundverhaltens während dem Vortrieb verwenden zu können. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein prototypischer Weg aufgezeigt, wie ein Baugrundmodell in einer BIM‐fähigen Software erstellt und verarbeitet werden kann.
Berkson's paradox and weighted distributions: An application to Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Economou Polychronis , Batsidis Apostolos , Tzavelas George , Alexopoulos Panagiotis ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2019

AbstractOne reason for observing in practice a false positive or negative correlation between two random variables, which are either not correlated or correlated with a different direction, is the overrepresentation in the sample of individuals satisfying specific properties. In 1946, Berkson first illustrated the presence of a false correlation due to this last reason, which is known as Berkson's paradox and is one of the most famous paradox in probability and statistics. In this paper, the concept of weighted distributions is utilized to describe Berskon's paradox. Moreover, a proper procedure is suggested to make inference for the population given a biased sample which possesses all the characteristics of Berkson's paradox. A real data application for patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease demonstrates that the proposed method reveals characteristics of the population that are masked by the sampling procedure.
Anticomplement and antitussive activities of major compound extracted from Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. leaf
Authors: Huang Wenping , Wen Zhiqi , Wang Mengmeng , Xu Bubin , Zhou Bin , Li Xiaojing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChimonanthus nitens Oliv. leaf (CNOL), as a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used for the treatment of influenza and colds over a long history. However, the mechanism of colds related to the effects of CNOL have been little studied. In this study, the anticomplement and antitussive activities of different polarity extracts of CNOL were evaluated. Ethyl acetate extract (EAE) among different extracts not only significantly decreased cough times by 21–58% (P < 0.01), but also had anticomplement effects demonstrated by the CH50 values of 0.100 mg/ml. A total of 28 constituents (10 coumarins, 13 flavonoids and five phenolics) were identified in EAE based on the ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry technique. Eight compounds in EAE were evaluated by an ammonia‐induced cough model to reveal the antitussive mechanisms and classical anticomplement pathway. The results indicated that the antitussive effects of scopoletin, kaempferol‐3‐O‐rutinoside and kaempferol may depend on central mechanisms and that flavonoids such as compounds of kaempferol‐3‐O‐rutinoside and kaempferol have better anticomplementary activity than coumarins like compounds of scopolin, scopoletin and isofraxidin. Taken together, kaempferol‐3‐O‐rutinoside and kaempferol could be important chemical markers in the present study that might be used to evaluate the quality and biological activity of CNOL.
A systematic and methodological review of attentional biases in eating disorders: Food, body, and perfectionism
Authors: Ralph‐Nearman Christina , Achee Margaret , Lapidus Rachel , Stewart Jennifer L. , Filik Ruth 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe current systematic and methodological review aimed to critically review existing literature utilizing implicit processing, or automatic approach‐ and/or avoidance‐related attentional biases between eating disorder (ED) and nonclinical samples, which (a) highlights how psychophysiological methods advance knowledge of ED implicit bias; (b) explains how findings fit into transdiagnostic versus disorder‐specific ED frameworks; and (c) suggests how research can address perfectionism‐related ED biases.MethodThree databases were systematically searched to identify studies: PubMed, Scopus, and PsychInfo electronic databases. Peer‐reviewed studies of 18‐ to 39‐year‐olds with both clinical ED and healthy samples assessing visual attentional biases using pictorial and/or linguistic stimuli related to food, body, and/or perfectionism were included.ResultsForty‐six studies were included. While behavioral results were often similar across ED diagnoses, studies incorporating psychophysiological measures often revealed disease‐specific attentional biases. Specifically, women with bulimia nervosa (BN) tend to approach food and other body types, whereas women with anorexia nervosa (AN) tend to avoid food as well as overweight bodies.ConclusionsFurther integration of psychophysiological and behavioral methods may identify subtle processing variations in ED, which may guide prevention strategies and interventions, and provide important clinical implications. Few implicit bias studies include male participants, investigate binge‐eating disorder, or evaluate perfectionism‐relevant stimuli, despite the fact that perfectionism is implicated in models of ED.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in acute decompensated aortic stenosis
Authors: Patel Kush , Broyd Chris , Chehab Omar , Jerrum Melanie , Queenan Helen , Bedford Kerry , Barakat Fahed , Kennon Simon , Ozkor Muhiddin , Mathur Anthony , Mullen Michael J 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the safety and efficacy of first‐line transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients presenting with acute decompensated aortic stenosis (ADAS).BackgroundADAS is common and is often treated medically or using balloon aortic valvuloplasty in the first instance. This temporizing measure results in suboptimal outcomes. In the current era, TAVI provides an alternative option.MethodsConsecutive patients who had either a TAVI for ADAS or electively were included in the study. The primary outcome was procedural and 30‐day mortality and hospital length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes included 1‐year mortality and procedural complications.ResultsOf note, 893 patients (mean age 83 ± 7, 50.5% male) underwent TAVI (19% ADAS, 81% elective). ADAS patients were more unwell with worse echocardiographic parameters than elective patients. ADAS patients of 55.9% were known to have significant aortic stenosis prior to their decompensation. Procedural mortality was not different between the ADAS and elective cohorts (1.2 vs. 0.7%; p = .62). The ADAS cohort had a higher 30‐day mortality (5.3 vs. 1.1%; p = .002) and longer LOS (31.9 ± 20.7 days vs. 6.1 ± 6.5 days; p < .001). Multivariate analysis identified acute kidney injury and ADAS as significant predictors of 30‐day mortality.ConclusionsTAVI for ADAS is safe and effective with procedural outcomes similar to elective patients. However, compared to elective patients, they have worse physiological baseline features, poorer prognosis at 30 days, and longer hospital admissions. Majority of patients who presented with ADAS were known to have AS prior to admission.
Percutaneous occlusion of transseptal puncture‐related free wall perforation at the coronary sinus with a ventricular septal occluder during left atrial appendage closure: A case report
Authors: Bai Yuan , Zhang Sha , Qin Yong‐wen , Zhao Xian‐xian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCoronary sinus perforation is a life‐threatening complication of transseptal puncture and needs to be repaired immediately. In this study, we report a case of a 74‐year‐old female patient with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, who is a poor long‐term anticoagulation candidate. During the manipulation of transseptal puncture, a perforation of the free right atrial wall at the coronary sinus ostium occurred, which was caused by the Brockenbrough needle and followed by the immediate advancement of an 8.5‐French transseptal sheath. In consideration of the danger of cardiac tamponade after sheath removal, we decided to leave the 8.5‐French sheath in the pericardial cavity. Then, we advanced a 6 mm ventricular septal occluder through the sheath. Finally, we achieved successful deployment of the device and closure of the perforation under the guidance of fluoroscopy and transthoracic echocardiography. Subsequently, the left atrial appendage orifice was occluded with a 21 mm Watchman device. This case illustrates that percutaneous device closure is feasible for inadvertent perforation of the free right atrial wall at the coronary sinus during transseptal puncture and should be considered as an alternative to surgery.
Novel, vessel anatomy adjusting drug‐coated balloon—Preclinical evaluation in peripheral porcine arteries
Authors: Bienek Stephanie , Kusmierczuk Maciej , Mittag Antje , Bettink Stephanie , Scheller Bruno 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe diameter of balloons or stents is selected according to the estimated reference vessel diameter and do not adapt to the vessel anatomy. The aim of the present preclinical studies was to investigate a novel, vessel anatomy adjusting hypercompliant drug‐coated balloon catheter (HCDCB).MethodsHypercompliant balloon membranes were coated in a constricted state with high drug density. Drug adherence was investigated in vitro, transfer to the porcine peripheral arteries and longitudinal distribution in vivo. In young domestic swine, neointimal proliferation was induced by vessel overstretch and continuous irritation by permanent stents. Uncoated hypercompliant balloons (HCB), and standard uncoated balloons and drug‐coated balloons (DCB) served as controls. Efficacy was assessed by angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and histomorphometry.ResultsHCDCB lost 18.0 ± 3.9% of dose during in vitro simulated delivery to the lesion. Drug transfer to the vessel wall was 13.9 ± 6.4% and drug concentration was 1,044 ± 529 ng/mg tissue. Four weeks after treatment, the histomorphometric neointimal area was smaller with HCDCB versus uncoated HCB (2.39 ± 0.55 mm2 vs. 3.26 ± 0.72 mm2, p = .038) and area stenosis (OCT) was less (11.6 ± 6.9% vs. 24.7 ± 9.7%, p = .022). No premature death occurred and no in‐life clinical symptoms or treatment‐associated thrombi were observed.ConclusionsHCDCB were found to inhibit excessive neointimal proliferation. Balloon adaption to different vessel diameters and shapes may provide drug‐delivery in irregular lumen and facilitate balloon selection.
Synthesis of xylal‐ and arabinal‐based crown ethers and their application as asymmetric phase transfer catalysts
Authors: Nemcsok Tamás , Rapi Zsolt , Bagi Péter , Keglevich György , Bakó Péter 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNew xylal‐ and arabinal‐based monoaza‐15‐crown‐5 ethers were synthesized starting from l‐ and d‐xylose, and l‐ and d‐arabinose, respectively. These monosaccharide‐based chiral macrocycles were tested as phase transfer catalysts in a few asymmetric reactions. The xylal‐based crown compounds proved to be efficient catalysts in a few liquid‐liquid phase reactions. The epoxidation of trans‐chalcone and the Darzens condensation of α‐chloroacetophenone with benzaldehyde took place with complete diastereoselectivity and up to 77% ee and 58% ee, respectively. It was found that the substituents in the aromatic ring of the chalcone and the α‐chloroacetophenone had an influence on the enantioselectivity. The highest ee values were obtained in the epoxidation of 4‐chlorochalcone (81% ee) and in the reaction of a 2‐naphthyl analogue (96% ee), while in the Darzens condensation of 4‐phenyl‐α‐chloroacetophenone with benzaldehyde, a maximum ee of 91% was detected. The configuration of the monosaccharide unit in the crown ring influenced the absolute configuration of the epoxyketones synthesized.