bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Sweden has changed me’: a qualitative study exploring the sexual health needs and associated mental health aspects of young male former unaccompanied minors, asylum seekers and refugees in Region Stockholm, Sweden
Authors: Tewelde McDonald Jordanos , Fayzi Benjamn , Laktinah Majdi , Ekström Anna Mia , Salazar Mariano 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesSexual health needs of young refugees and asylum-seeking men are seldom explored or addressed, adversely affecting their mental and physical well-being. By interviewing young male former unaccompanied minors, refugees and asylum seekers in Stockholm, Sweden, this study aimed to get a deeper understanding of what they needed to achieve a positive and respectful approach to sexuality, romantic and consensual relationships. Additionally, we explored how their sexual health needs were related to their mental health, as well as the factors influencing both.DesignAn exploratory qualitative study using semi-structured interviews was employed. Theoretical sampling was used for participant selection. Analysis of the data was performed using constructivist grounded theory.SettingThe study took place in Stockholm, Sweden.ParticipantsA total of 32 young male (aged 16-28) former unaccompanied minors, asylum seekers and refugees from Afghanistan, Eritrea and Syria were interviewed.ResultsOur analysis showed that our participants’ sexual and mental health needs followed a process of individual change. One core category described the different stages of the process: ‘On my way, but not there yet’. It contains four subcategories: ‘being on the move: the migration journey’; ‘newly arrived: contrasting old and new values and learning new concepts’; ‘navigating relationships, love and sex’; and ‘the respectful man’. We identified six key factors that influenced their sexual and mental health needs: attending school/receiving accurate sexual information, support to adapt, experiencing enjoyable relationships, restrictive parental values, exposure to stigma/discrimination and the negative image of young male refugees.ConclusionsThis study highlighted that the sexual health needs and related mental health aspects of young former unaccompanied minors, asylum seekers and refugees change over time and are influenced by contextual factors. Educational interventions aiming to improve the well-being of this population must address both sexual and mental health aspects, including issues related to gender norms, relationships, sex and consent.
Barriers and facilitators in nurse prescribing practices: a protocol for qualitative meta-synthesis from nurses’ perspectives
Authors: Sunzi Kejimu , Luo Hui , Li Yadi , Zhou Xin , Lei Cheng 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionWith the development of the medical system and the diversification of patient needs, nurse practitioners (NPs) play an increasingly important role in medical practice, assuming more responsibilities and powers, including the right to prescribe. However, in the process of exercising the right to prescribe, NPs may face various obstacles, and there are also some promoting factors. Therefore, this study aims to deeply explore the obstacles and promoting factors in the prescription process of NPs through a qualitative meta-analysis and comprehensive method, so as to provide a basis for improving the prescription practice of NPs, improving nursing quality and patient satisfaction.Methods and analysisThis study will adhere to the Joanna Briggs Institute framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. A comprehensive literature search and analysis of studies on nurse are prescribed via PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library. Two independent reviewers will select articles, extract data and appraise study quality. Content analysis will be used to synthesise outcomes, and methodological quality and evidence quality will be assessed. The quality of the articles will be assessed using the 10-item Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required for this study, as it solely encompasses data derived from previously published research. The findings will be disseminated through publication in a peer-reviewed journal. In addition, the results will be actively shared at major academic conferences focused on nursing research and healthcare policy to ensure that the study’s outcomes reach key stakeholders, including healthcare practitioners, policymakers and researchers. This targeted dissemination strategy aims to promote the integration of the findings into practice and future research. This protocol is registered with the PROSPERO prospective database of systematic review.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023398567.
Text message intervention delivered from Australian general practices to improve breast cancer survivors’ physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors: protocol for the EMPOWER-SMS-GP effectiveness implementation randomised controlled trial
Authors: Singleton Anna C , Partridge Stephanie R , Hyun Karice K , Mitchell Christine , Raeside Rebecca , Hafiz Nashid , Nickel Brooke , Mizrahi David , Todd Allyson Ruth , McIntosh Jennifer , Chan Raymond J , Stuart Kirsty E , Ee Carolyn , Elder Elisabeth , Redfern Julie 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionAustralian breast cancer survivors are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality, partly due to behavioural risk factors, including unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. Guidelines recommend health promotion delivered by general practitioners (GPs), but resources (ie, time and funding) are limited. Text message interventions sent from general practice to survivors may offer a low-resource solution but have not been evaluated. This randomised controlled trial (RCT) aims to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of a text message intervention called EMPOWER-SMS-GP in Australian general practices.Methods and analysisMulti-centre single-blind hybrid I RCT (n=678; 1:1 allocation) comparing EMPOWER-SMS-GP (n=339) to usual care (n=339) at 6 months (postintervention), 12, 18 and 24 months (maintenance) and parallel mixed-methods process evaluation using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework. Inclusion: adults (≥18 years old) with early-stage breast cancer, completed active treatment ≤3 years ago, have a mobile phone and attended ≥1 GP appointment within 24 months. Primary outcome: between-group difference in mean physical activity (metabolic equivalent minutes/day) at 6 months, measured using an accelerometer. Secondary outcomes include self-reported physical activity, diet, quality of life, financial or psychological distress, fear of cancer recurrence, endocrine therapy adherence and body mass index. Statistical analyses (intention-to-treat) will include t-test (primary outcome) and linear and logistic mixed-effects regression models.Ethics and disseminationApproval received from the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (Number 2023/081). Trial results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications, presentations, lay summaries, videos and audio for scientific, government and public audiences.Trial registration numberAustralia and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12624000591550, 09/05/2024; U1111-1307-3454).
Trends in myopia prevalence among late adolescents in South Korea: a population-level study and future projections up to 2050
Authors: Surl Dongheon , Seo Yuri , Han Jinu 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThis study aims to provide updated prevalence estimates of myopia and high myopia among late adolescent men in Seoul, South Korea, and predict future trends up to 2050.Methods and analysisThis cross-sectional and population-level study includes late adolescent men of the same age who underwent a series of medical examinations at the Seoul Regional Military Manpower Administration between 2013 and 2022. The population with myopia and high myopia was estimated, and the prevalence for 2050 was forecasted. Associated risk factors and ocular disease status of the high myopia population were investigated.ResultsOver the 10-year period, the prevalence of myopia and high myopia among late adolescent men in Seoul was 70.67% and 20.29%, respectively. Between 2013 and 2022, the prevalence of the myopia and high myopia has increased significantly (p<0.001 and 0.006, respectively). The annual growth rate for the prevalence of myopia and high myopia was 0.61% and 0.33%, respectively. Regression analyses predicted that by 2050, myopia and high myopia prevalence will reach 90.90% and 31.26% by linear regression, and 90.75% and 31.17% by non-linear regression, respectively. Risk factor analysis identified that a high education level was associated with a higher prevalence of high myopia. Retinal detachment was significantly more common among those with high myopia, while retinal dystrophy was less common.ConclusionThis study highlights a concerning trend of increasing myopia and high myopia prevalence, which is likely to reach 90.90% and 31.26% by 2050, with significant future burden for public health and society.
Novel prucalopride-containing bowel cleansing regimen improves completion rates of colon capsule endoscopy
Authors: Ibrahim Hussain , Jardine Ruari , MacLeod Campbell , Ramsay George , Watson Angus J M 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundColon capsule endoscopy (CCE) is an alternative to optical colonoscopy and CT colonography for the investigation of the large bowel. It is less invasive but still needs bowel preparation to adequately visualise the colon.CCE can be limited by incomplete examination. Recent evidence suggests that the addition of prucalopride can increase completion rates. Our institution changed the CCE bowel preparation regimen and included this drug in May 2023. Here, we report the rates of CCE completion after its introduction.MethodsThe outcomes for those who had the new preparation (with prucalopride) were compared with those of the cohort who underwent the old preparation, providing two similarly sized groups. All data were collected prospectively using a dedicated endoscopy software system (EMS Medilogik) and then analysed retrospectively.Results381 patients had the old preparation between October 2022 and May 2023 and 379 had the new preparation between May and December 2023.The completion rate was higher with the new, 305/379 (80.5%) compared 270/381 (70.9%) with the old regimen, p≤0.005. There was no difference in the quality of bowel cleansing between the two groups with a mean bowel cleansing score of 4.03 out of 9 in both. Both groups required a similar rate of additional luminal investigation following CCE, 210 (55.4%) with the new regimen and 220 (57.7%) with the old, p=0.52.ConclusionThe new prucalopride-containing CCE preparation improves completion rates. It has no impact on the quality of bowel cleansing or the need for further endoscopy.
Non-criteria antiphospholipid antibody profiles and thrombotic outcomes in a cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Murray Alistair , Campbell Eric J , Clarke Ann Elaine , Barber Megan R W , Pannu Tania , Fritzler Marvin J , Jung Michelle , St. Pierre Yvan , Skeith Leslie 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterised by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and clinical outcomes of thrombosis and/or obstetric morbidity and is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IgG antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex (aPS/PT), IgM aPS/PT and IgG anti-beta 2 glycoprotein 1-domain 1 (aβ2GP1-D1) are novel aPLs that have been associated with thrombosis; however, conclusive data are still lacking. It remains unclear how best to incorporate non-criteria autoantibodies into clinical decision-making. The aim of this study was to assess whether these novel aPLs were associated with an increased risk of thrombosis in patients with SLE.MethodsWe evaluated 341 patients enrolled in the SouThern Alberta Registry for Lupus EryThematosus database with SLE by the American College of Rheumatology or Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria. Medical records were reviewed between March 2006 and January 2021 for thrombotic events and serology results for lupus anticoagulant, IgG anticardiolipin, IgG anti-beta 2 glycoprotein 1 (aβ2GP1), IgG aPS/PT, IgM aPS/PT and IgG aβ2GP1-D1.ResultsAmong 341 patients with SLE, 59 (17%) met the revised Sapporo lab criteria, and of those 29 (49%) had a major thrombotic event (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.9 to 6.3). Among 142 patients who had at least one positive non-criteria autoantibody, 45 (32%) had a major thrombotic event (OR 1.6, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.6). In a univariate analysis, the IgG aPS/PT and IgG aβ2GP1-D1 were associated with major and all thrombotic events. In a multivariate analysis that controlled for age, sex, prednisone use, SLE disease activity (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index—2K and the revised Sapporo lab criteria, among the non-criteria aPLs, only IgG aPS/PT was associated with an increased risk of a major thrombosis (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.5).ConclusionsIn our multivariate analysis, IgG aPS/PT was associated with a modestly increased risk of thrombotic events.
Reframing assisted dying through the civil law: possibilities and challenges for the UK
Authors: Hardes Dvorak Jennifer , Regnard Claud , Proffitt Amy , Coelho Ramona , Herx Leonie 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundCurrent proposals for assisted dying in the UK are based on embedding it within a medical, healthcare model. This model is revealing challenges in safeguarding, monitoring and the impact on healthcare.ObjectiveTo explore if a different model is a safer, pragmatic and realistic alternative.MethodsExisting medical models of assisted dying are reviewed and previously suggested alternatives are considered. The option of a socio-legal model is explained and examined in detail, including costs and likely numbers.FindingsThe authors propose that a socio-legal, civil law model that sits outside of healthcare is the most socially nuanced and ethical mode of regulation.ConclusionsA socio-legal model retains the choice to end life, but would ensure greater social safeguarding of vulnerable persons. It also enables healthcare professionals and organisations to focus on healing and care.
Viscosity Approximation for Split Equality Generalized Mixed Equilibrium Problems With Semigroups of Nonexpansive Mappings
Authors: Patel Prashant , Shukla Rahul 
Published: December 2024

The paper proposes a viscosity approximation algorithm for approximating fixed points. The study in this paper demonstrates that without having the prior estimations of operator norm and semicompactness of one‐parameter semigroups of nonexpansive mappings, the algorithm converges strongly to the solution of split equality generalized mixed equilibrium problem (SEGMEP).MSC2010 Classification: Primary 47H10, 47H09, 47J05, 47J25, 54H25
Critical Ingredients and Mechanisms of Intensive Home Support for People With Severe Mental Illness According to Clients: A Qualitative Study on What Works and How, Using a Realist Evaluation Framework
Authors: van Genk Caroline M. H. , Roeg Diana P. K. , van Vugt Maaike D. , van Weeghel Jaap , van Eck Marcel , Van Regenmortel Tine 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Intensive home support (IHS) is a contemporary, innovative outreach approach in the supported housing sector designed to meet the growing need for community living initiatives for people with severe mental illness. Unlike regular outreach, IHS provides 24/7 accessible staff, numerous support hours, and several facilities supporting independent living, including daily activity programs. IHS has not been evaluated before. As the first IHS study, we aimed to identify the critical ingredients for IHS according to clients and unravel how it works.Methods: We used a longitudinal qualitative design with semistructured interviews after recruiting a purposive sample of IHS clients after 1 year of their recovery journey. Utilizing a realist evaluation approach based on CAIMeR theory and thematic analysis, we explored clients’ perspectives on the impact and key components of IHS.Results: A total of 42 clients participated in this study, with 32 remaining involved after 1 year. Thematic analysis identified five critical ingredients experienced by IHS clients, including: (1) working alliance; (2) autonomy; (3) relationships; (4) mental and physical health; and (5) housing and living environment factors. The results also highlighted how IHS works and under what conditions, namely, by highlighting trust, continuity, recognition, belonging, and self‐confidence. Clients viewed these components as crucial, collectively empowering them toward independent living and recovery. The 24/7 accessibility of trusted support workers increased clients’ self‐confidence, although actual use was infrequent.Conclusions: This study indicated that with IHS, more formerly residential SH clients with severe mental illness can live independently despite experiencing a sense of insecurity and feelings of loneliness. These elements collectively position IHS as an innovative approach to complement existing services, offering valuable support to enhance the independence of individuals with severe mental illness.
Longitudinal Blood Immune-Inflammatory and Radiomic Profiling to Decode Different Patterns of Acquired Resistance to Immunotherapy in Patients with NSCLC
Authors: Mazzaschi Giulia , Marrocchio Cristina , Moron Dalla Tor Lucas , Leo Ludovica , Balbi Maurizio , Milanese Gianluca , Adebanjo Ganiyat A.R. , Lorusso Bruno , Monica Gregorio , Pluchino Monica , Minari Roberta , D’Agnelli Simona , Cardinale Elisa , Perrone Fabiana , Bordi Paola , Leonetti Alessandro , Ledda Roberta E. , Silva Mario , Buti Sebastiano , Roti Giovanni , Bettati Stefano , Quaini Federico , Tiseo Marcello , Sverzellati Nicola 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
To uncover the underpinnings of acquired resistance (AR) to immunotherapy (IO), we determined whether distinctive clinicopathologic, radiomic, and peripheral blood (PB) immune-inflammatory features reflect oligo- and systemic (sys)-AR in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.

Experimental Design:
On 105 consecutive patients with IO-treated advanced NSCLC, PB immunophenotypes, cytokines, and CT-derived radiomic features (RF), extracted from primary and merged metastatic lesions, were prospectively collected at baseline (T0) and at the first disease assessment (T1, 9–12 weeks), and their Δ variation [(T1−T0)/T0] was computed. AR, defined as progression after the initial response (complete/partial) or stable disease ≥6 months, was subdivided according to the number of new and/or progressive lesions in oligoAR (≤3) and sysAR (&gt;3). Clinicopathologic, PB, and radiomic parameters and survival outcomes were statistically correlated to AR patterns.

Results:
OligoAR and sysAR involved 24% and 12.4% of cases, respectively. Whereas baseline PB immune profiles were comparable, a Δpos cytotoxic (NK, CD8+granzyme B+) and Δneg immunosuppressive (CD14+ monocytes) dynamic coupled with different modulations of IL-6, TGF-β1, TNFα, and soluble PD-L1 represented distinctive features of oligoAR versus sysAR (P &lt; 0.05). Significantly longer postprogression survival characterized oligoAR versus sysAR (median 20.3 vs. 5.6 months; HR, 0.22; P &lt; 0.001). The number and sites of oligoAR involvement appeared to condition the blood immune background (P &lt; 0.05) and survival. ΔRFs outperformed baseline RFs, with 15 ΔRFs sharply discriminating oligoAR from sysAR (P range: &lt;0.001–0.04). ROC analysis confirmed the optimal performance of top-ranked ΔRFs (AUC range: 0.88–0.99).

Conclusions:
Longitudinal analysis of blood-immune hallmarks and radiomic descriptors may decipher distinct patterns of AR to IO in advanced patients with NSCLC.
Representation of navigational affordances and ego-motion in the occipital place area
Authors: Kamps Frederik S. , Chen Emily M. , Kanwisher Nancy , Saxe Rebecca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Humans effortlessly use vision to plan and guide navigation through the local environment, or “scene.” A network of three cortical regions responds selectively to visual scene information, including the occipital (OPA), parahippocampal (PPA), and medial place areas (MPA)—but how this network supports visually guided navigation is unclear. Recent evidence suggests that one region, in particular, the OPA, supports visual representations for navigation, while PPA and MPA support other aspects of scene processing. However, most previous studies tested only static scene images, which lack the dynamic experience of navigating through scenes. We used dynamic movie stimuli to test whether OPA, PPA, and MPA represent two critical kinds of navigationally relevant information: navigational affordances (e.g., can I walk to the left, right, or both?) and ego-motion (e.g., am I walking forward or backward? turning left or right?). We found that OPA is sensitive to both affordances and ego-motion, as well as the conflict between these cues—for example, turning toward vs. away from an open doorway. These effects were significantly weaker or absent in PPA and MPA. Responses in OPA were also dissociable from those in early visual cortex, consistent with the idea that OPA responses are not merely explained by lower-level visual features. OPA responses to affordances and ego-motion were stronger in the contralateral than in ipsilateral visual field, suggesting that OPA encodes navigationally relevant information within an egocentric reference frame. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that OPA contains visual representations that are useful for planning and guiding navigation through scenes.
Can International Organizations Turn ‘Rogue’?
Authors: Schmalenbach Kirsten 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Against the backdrop of Jean d’Aspremont’s “The Love for International Organization”, this short essay deals with international organizations straying from their assigned constitutional path after being instrumentalised by a few of their member states. The following challenges the rose-tinted notion of the distinct international legal personality of international organizations and their administrations’ functional independence by highlighting the phenomenon of (in)direct ‘institutional capture’. It is argued here that this sub-type of Member State-driven corruption is not uncommon within international organizations and escapes not only the general public’s eye but also international legal responsibility. Arguably, the best avoidance strategy lies in international organizations resilience-building coupled with the strengthening of internal control and remedy mechanisms.
For the Love of Structure
Authors: Brölmann Catherine 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This short essay engages with an article by Jean d’Aspremont (2023 iolr), who through a phenomenological lens reflects on the reasons why international lawyers are drawn to international organizations – a condition summarized as love. I argue that to the nine ‘drivers’ for this love identified by d’Aspremont, at least one should be added: international organizations offer structure. ‘Structure(dness)’ has strong affective power, due to a combination of images evoked by the concept particularly in an international law context. I address four: structure is aesthetically attractive; structure creates clarity and transparency; structure creates (positive) constraints; structure brings order to chaos. Of course these images, which are the groundwork for classic institutional attributes such as neutrality, fairness and a-politicalness, in our time can appear as naive projections. Still, even if ‘the progress narrative that characterised the turn to io s’ has been debunked, it is a source of inspiration at the experiential plane. And if we want to go by the insight that international organizations ultimately exist only through our gaze, this better be the gaze of a loving observer.