bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moyamoya Health Behavior scale for adolescent patients: Measurement tool development and psychometric evaluation
Authors: Oh Won-oak , Yeom Insun , Lim Sung Hyun , Kim Dong-Seok , Shim Kyu-won 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a measurement tool to assess health-related behavior of adolescents with moyamoya disease. Design: This was a methodological study to develop and validate the Moyamoya-Health Behavior scale (Moyamoya-HB scale) for adolescent patients. Methods: The initial 108 items of the preliminary Moyamoya-HB scale for adolescent patients were generated based on extensive literature reviews and in-depth focus-group interviews with eight moyamoya-suffering adolescents and 12 parents. Group interviews were conducted by six experts (two pediatric neurosurgeons, one psychologist and three nurses). Psychometric testing was performed with a convenience sample of 120 hospitalized adolescents with moyamoya disease recruited from Y University hospitals in South Korea. The construct validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity were tested by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. For criterion validity, concurrent validity was confirmed by using the Korean adolescents’ health behaviors tool. To confirm the reliability of the Moyamoya-HB scale, the construct reliability and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated. Findings: The final 12-item Moyamoya-HB scale for adolescents was categorized by three sub-domains: implementation of treatment for moyamoya disease, health promoting behavior for moyamoya disease and health coping behavior for moyamoya disease. Overall, these factors explained 68.97% of the total variance. The result of the confirmative factor analysis supported the construct, convergent and discriminant validity of the three sub-domains. The Moyamoya-HB scale for adolescents also demonstrated a concurrent validity with the Korean adolescents’ health behaviors tool ( r = .59, p <.001). Reliability analysis showed an acceptable-to-high Cronbach’s alpha of .865 in total, and the subscales ranged from .800 to .841. Conclusion: The Moyamoya-HB scale is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating the awareness of hospital safety among hospitalized children . Clinical relevance: The Moyamoya-HB scale should be able to contribute to building empirical- and evidence-based data for the development and application of various intervention programs for health promotion of adolescents with moyamoya disease and the prevention of hospital-related accidents among children.
Viewing an alpine environment positively affects emotional analytics in patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders
Authors: Hüfner Katharina , Ower Cornelia , Kemmler Georg , Vill Theresa , Martini Caroline , Schmitt Andrea , Sperner-Unterweger Barbara 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with stress-related psychiatric (psychosomatic) disorders often don´t respond well to medical treatment and experience many side effects. It is thus of clinical relevance to identify alternative, scientifically based, treatments. Our approach is based on the recent evidence that urbanicity has been shown to be associated with an increased risk for mental disorders. Conversely green and blue environments show a dose-dependent beneficial impact on mental health. Methods: Here we evaluate the effect of viewing stimuli of individuals in an alpine environment on emotional analytics in 183 patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders and 315 healthy controls (HC). Emotional analytics (valence: unhappy vs happy, arousal: calm vs excited, dominance: controlled vs in control) were assessed using the Self-Assessment Manikin. Results: Patients showed significantly lower levels of resilience and significantly higher scores of self-perceived stress. Emotional analytics of patients indicated that they feel less happy, less in control and had higher levels of arousal than HC when viewing neutral stimuli. The comparison alpine>neutral stimuli showed a significant a positive effect of alpine stimuli on emotional analytics in both groups. Patients and HC both felt attracted to the scenes displayed in the alpine stimuli. Emotional analytics correlated positively with resilience and inversely with perceived stress. Conclusions: Preventive and therapeutic programs for patients with stress-related psychiatric disorders should take benefits of outdoor natural environments into account. Organizational barriers which are preventing the implementation of such programs in clinical practice need to be identified and addressed.
Number of long-term inpatients in Japanese psychiatric care beds: trend analysis from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey
Authors: Okayama Tatsushi , Usuda Kentaro , Okazaki Emi , Yamanouchi Yoshio 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe number of psychiatric care beds and the mean length of stay in psychiatric care beds in Japan have decreased over the past 10 years. However, as has long been indicated here and elsewhere, Japan lags behind other countries in terms of deinstitutionalization. Furthermore, inpatients in psychiatric care beds are aging dramatically. In addition to the diversification of mental illness, the question of what measures to implement going forward about current psychiatric bed resources has emerged as a new challenge. MethodsUsing data from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey, we examined trends in the number of long-term inpatients in psychiatric care beds in Japan through 2040. Population estimation was used for estimating long-term hospital bed demand because of small fluctuations in the admission and discharge of long-term inpatients. ResultsIn 2017, of all long-term hospitalized patients, those aged ≤74 years accounted for 68% and those aged ≥75 years accounted for 32%; however, an estimated 47% of the total are expected to die by 2040. Thus, the overall demand for long-term hospitalization is forecast to decrease sharply due to aging of currently hospitalized long-term inpatients. The number of long-term inpatients in 2017 was 167,579, and this is projected to decrease to 103,141 in 2040. ConclusionsWe believe it is necessary to adopt a multifaceted approach to promote hospital discharge and transition to the community, and to address the diversification of mental illness and the issue of psychiatric care bed supply/availability, which are forecast to decrease due to the natural decrease in long-term inpatients.
Socio-economic inequalities in the association between alcohol-use disorder and depressive disorder among Thai adults: a population-based study
Authors: Assanangkornchai Sawitri , Nontarak Jiraluck , Aekplakorn Wichai , Chariyalertsak Suwat , Kessomboon Pattapong , Taneepanichskul Surasak 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose Previous evidence indicates significant associations between alcohol-use disorders (AUD) and depressive disorders and their strong links with social conditions. This study aims to investigate the association between AUD and major depressive episode (MDE) across various socio-economic groups. Methods Data from the 2014 Thai National Health Examination Survey was obtained containing a random sample of 13,177 adults aged > 20 years from the whole population. The Alcohol-Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to classify respondents into non-problem, hazardous drinking (score 8-15) and harmful-dependent drinking (score 16-40). MDE was identified using questions based on the DSM-IV. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using logistic regression to determine the strength of associations. Results The prevalence of hazardous, harmful-dependent drinking and MDE was 10.3%, 1.9% and 2.5%, respectively. The association between MDE and AUD was modified by education level, wealth index and area of residence, with education having the largest effect (AOR=1.23, 95% CI: 0.55, 2.76 among those completing primary school only and AOR=15.19, 95% CI: 9.5, 24.29 among those completing secondary school or higher). Conclusion Socio-economic factors modify the association between alcohol-use disorder and depressive disorder among Thai people.
MicroRNA-484 promotes cell migration and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yang Xiaoning , Ma Junfeng , Gong Fanghua , Liu Yu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in the world, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of it. Studies have reported that microRNA-484 (miR-484) plays an important regulatory role in carcinogenesis and cancer development. Methods 25 clinical NSCLC samples were collected for microRNA array. The funvtion of miR-484 was investigated through Transwell and Mitgration assays. The expression levers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related factors were assessed by Western blot. Results miR-484 was up-regulated in tissues from NSCLC patients relative to tumor-adjacent normal tissues. Knocking-down miR-484 expression in A549 cells significantly suppressed tumor cell invasion and migration, suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by increasing the expression of E-cadherin, and decreasing the expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, and MMP2. Upregulation of miR-484 expression in BEAS-2B normal lung epithelial cells significantly promoted tumor cell invasion and migration, decreased E-cadherin expression levels, and increased N-cadherin, vimentin, and MMP2 expression levels Conclusion miR-484 can promote tumor cell invasion and migration in NSCLC and may be a new target for NSCLC treatment.
Muramyl dipeptide mediated immunomodulation on monocyte subsets exerts therapeutic effects in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Malekia Adham Fani , Cisbania Giulia , Plante Marie-Michèle , Préfontaine Paul , Laflamme Nataly , Gosselin Jean , Rivest Serge 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) is a component derived from minimal peptidoglycan motif from bacteria and it is a ligand for the NOD2 receptor. Peripheral administration of MDP converts Ly6Chigh into Ly6Clow monocytes. Previously we have shown that Ly6Clow monocytes play crucial roles in the pathology of a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, medications with mild immunomodulatory effects that solely target specific monocyte subsets, without triggering microglial activation are rare. Methods 3-months old APPswe/PS1 transgenic male mice and age-matched C57BL/6J mice were used for high frequency (2-times/week) over 6-months and low frequency (once a week) over a 3-months period of intraperitoneally MDP (10 mg/kg) administrations. Flow cytometry analysis of monocyte subsets in blood, behavioral and post mortem analyses were performed. Two-photon microscopy using APP/PS1/CX3CR1gfp/+ mice were conducted to study vascular Aβ clearance by Ly6Clow monocytes upon MDP administration.Results The treatment improved cognitive declines, increased expression levels of postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) andlow density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), which are involved in synaptic plasticity and amyloid beta (Aβ) elimination, respectively. In addition, we found monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) levels significantly increased, whereas intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) significantly decreased and microglial marker (Iba1) did not change in treatment group compared to the control. In parallel, we discovered elevated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) expression levels in the treated group, which might be a positive factor for synaptic activity. Following MDP treatment, intravital two-photon microscopy demonstrated that Ly6Clow monocytes are recruited into the brain vasculature in APP but not wild type mice, and they are able to pick up Aβ peptides. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that MDP is beneficial in both the early phase and to some extent later phases of the pathology in the mouse model of AD. These data open the way for potential MDP-based medications for AD.
Clinical impact of severe chronic kidney disease in patients with non-HIV pulmonary cryptococcosis
Authors: Tashiro Hiroki , Haraguchi Tetsuro , Takahashi Koichiro , Sadamatsu Hironori , Tajiri Ryo , Takamori Ayako , Kimura Shinya , Aragane Naoko 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPulmonary cryptococcosis is an uncommon infectious disease that can develop in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was reported to be one of the risk factors for pulmonary cryptococcosis, but its clinical characteristics have not been fully assessed. The purpose of this study is to clarify clinical characteristics of severe CKD in patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis.MethodsThe present study retrospectively investigated 56 patients who had pulmonary cryptococcosis with non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and were treated at Saga University Hospital between 2005 and 2018. The clinical characteristics were evaluated and compared between patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >45 mL/min/1.73m2 (n = 42) (preserved eGFR) and those with eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73m2 (n = 14) (declined eGFR).ResultsCompared with patients with preserved eGFR, those with declined eGFR had significantly higher rate of disseminated cryptococcosis (p = 0.03); higher percentage of patients who did not recover after treatment (p = 0.02); and more frequent clinical features of fever (p <0.01), pleural effusion (p = 0.03), high white blood cell count (p <0.01) and C-reactive protein (p <0.01), and low level of albumin (p <0.01). Multivariate analysis adjusted by immunosuppressive drug use indicated significant differences of fever (p <0.01), high white blood cell count (p = 0.03), C-reactive protein (p = 0.01) and low level of albumin (p <0.01) in patients with eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73m2.ConclusionSevere CKD is associated with poor clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with non-HIV pulmonary cryptococcosis.
Smoking is associated with pneumonia development in lung cancer patients
Authors: Heo Jung Won , Yeo Chang Dong , Park Chan Kwon , Kim Sung Kyoung , Kim Ju Sang , Kim Jin Woo , Kim Seung Joon , Lee Sang Haak , Kang Hye Seon 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Various host factors can promote pneumonia susceptibility of lung cancer patients. However, data about risk factors for pneumonia in lung cancer patients receiving active treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical intervention are limited. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for pneumonia development in lung cancer patients. Methods: The present study used a lung cancer cohort of the Catholic Medical Center at the Catholic University of Korea from January 2015 to December 2018. Pneumonia was defined by the presence of a new or progressive infiltration on chest imaging together with any of the following: new onset purulent sputum, change in character of chronic sputum, and fever. We ruled out noninfectious infiltration such as drug or radiation toxicity and hydrostatic pulmonary edema. We especially excluded those if computed tomography revealed sharp demarcation consolidation or ground glass opacity limited radiation field. Results: A total of 413 patients were enrolled in this study. Pneumonia occurred in 118 (28.6%) patients. The pneumonia group had significantly worse overall survival (OS) than the non-pneumonia group (456.7 ± 35.0 days vs. 813.4 ± 36.1 days, log rank p < 0.001). In patients with pneumonia, OS was shorter in ex-smokers and current smokers than in never smokers (592.0 ± 101.0 days vs. 737.0 ± 102.8 days vs. 1357.0 days, log rank p < 0.001). Age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.046; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.019¬–1.074; p = 0.001), clinical stage IV (HR: 1.759; 95% CI: 1.004–3.083; p = 0.048), neutropenia (HR: 2.620; 95% CI: 1.562–4.396; p < 0.001], and smoking (HR: 2.040; 95% CI: 1.100–3.784; p = 0.024) were independent risk factors of pneumonia development in lung cancer patients in multivariate analysis. In subgroup analysis for patients treated with chemotherapy, age (HR: 1.043; 95% CI: 1.012–1.074; p = 0.006), neutropenia (HR: 3.199; 95% CI: 1.826–5.605; p < 0.001), and smoking (HR: 2.125; 95% CI: 1.071–4.216; p = 0.031) were independent risk factors of pneumonia development.Conclusions: Smoking and neutropenia were risk factors affecting pneumonia development in the total group and subgroup of patients with lung cancer.
Usefulness of quantitative computed tomography analysis using a commercially available software program through its simple and automatic procedures in evaluation of emphysema and pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Kitaguchi Yoshiaki , Fujimoto Keisaku , Yasuo Masanori , Wada Yosuke , Ueno Fumika , Kinjo Takumi , Kawakami Satoshi , Fukushima Kiyoyasu , Hanaoka Masayuki 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of quantitative computed tomography (CT) analysis using a commercially available software program through its simple and automatic procedures. The software program, which was developed with the density mask technique using two thresholds, was used for simultaneously assessing both the low attenuation volume (LAV) and high attenuation volume (HAV) to detect emphysema and pulmonary fibrosis.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study of stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), we investigated the correlations between quantitative assessments performed using the software program and visual assessments, and between pulmonary function parameters and quantitative assessment parameters. We also investigated whether the utility of quantitative assessments could improve by assessing the destroyed lung volume (DLV), defined as the LAV+HAV.ResultsStrong significant correlations were detected between the percentage of LAV (LAV%) and the visual assessment of emphysema and between the percentage of HAV (HAV%) and the visual assessment of pulmonary fibrosis. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed 86.8% sensitivity and 84.2% specificity for the LAV% to detect emphysema, using 1.5% as the cut-off value, and 87.5% sensitivity and 96.1% specificity for the HAV% to detect pulmonary fibrosis, using 12% as the cut-off value. The percentage of DLV (DLV%) significantly correlated with the diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monoxide (DLco) and delta N2 in patients with COPD. Meanwhile, the DLV% significantly correlated with DLco and the composite physiologic index in patients with IPF. Moreover, the DLV% significantly also correlated with DLco in total patients with COPD and IPF.ConclusionsThe quantitative CT analysis using a commercially available software program could be useful in clinical practice by the advantage of the simple and automatic procedures. The utility of the quantitative CT analysis could improve by assessing the DLV%.
Transbronchial Lung Cryobiopsy May be of Value for Nonresolving Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Case series and Systematic literature Review
Authors: Zhou Guowu , Feng Yingying , Wang Shiyao , Zhang Yi , Tian Ye , Wu Xiaojing , Zhao Ling , Wang Dan , Li Yi , Tian Zheng , Zhan Qingyuan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Identifying pathologic features is helpful for management of nonresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is a novel biopsy technique which may be comparable to surgical biopsy. The aim of this study was to assess the value of TBLC in patients with nonresolving ARDS. Methods: All patients with nonresolving ARDS who underwent TBLC from January 2019 to August 2019 in a tertiary medical ICU were included. In addition, a literature search of TBLC for ARDS was performed by searching PubMed, EMBASE, ATS/ERS/APSR meeting abstracts, clinicaltrial.gov, and Google Scholar. Data on complications, histologic diagnosis, management changes, and outcomes were analyzed.Results: Five patients (three women and two men) underwent TBLC. None of the patients developed pneumothorax although in two patients massive bleeding occurred, which was stopped by continuous occlusion using bronchial blockers. There were no procedure-related deaths. Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and alternative histologic patterns were found in two and three patients, respectively, resulting in management changes in all cases. The literature search yielded four studies, which together with the present study resulted in data from 25 cases in which TBLC was used in nonresolving ARDS. The summary diagnostic yield was 92% (23/25). Only 44% (11/25) of the cases were proven to be DAD. TBLC contributed to management changes in 80% of the patients (20/25). Procedure-related complications consisted of pneumothorax (16%, 4/25), significant bleeding (12%, 3/25), and persistent air leak (8%, 2/25). There were no procedure-related deaths. The follow-up survival rate was 61.9% (13/21). Conclusions: Given its acceptable safety profile and high diagnostic yield, TBLC may be of potential value in patients with nonresolving ARDS.
Dynamic alterations of genome and transcriptome in KRAS G13D mutant CRC PDX model treated with cetuximab.
Authors: fang weijia , zhang hangyu , yuan liyun , liu lulu , yan cong , cheng jinming , fu qihan , tong zhou , zheng yi , jiang weiqin , zhao peng , zhang guoqing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background:KRAS mutation has been the major predictive biomarkers for resistance to cetuximab treatment. However, studies indicate that not all KRAS mutations are equivalent in their treatment outcome. KRAS G13D mutation accounted for about 16% of all KRAS mutations in advanced colorectal cancer patients, and whether these patients can benefit from cetuximab remains controversial. Methods: An establishment KRAS G13D mutation colorectal cancer (CRC) patient-derived xenografts (PDX) model was treated with cetuximab. After repeated use of cetuximab, resistance PDX models were established. Tissue samples were collected before and during treatment, and then multi-omics data were sequenced and processed including whole-exome, mRNA and miRNA to explore potential dynamic changes. Results: Cetuximab treatment initially slowed tumor growth, but resistance developed not long after. WES (whole-exome sequencing) and RNA sequencing found 145 genes had low P value (<0.01) when analyzed between locus genotype and its related gene expression level. Among them, SWAP70 was supposed to be a probable cause for acquired resistance. JAK2, PRKAA1, FGFR2 and RALBP1, as well as 10 filtered immune-related genes, were also observed to have dynamic changes during the treatment. Conclusions: Cetuximab may be effective in KRAS G13D mutation patients. Dynamic changes in WES and RNA sequencing occurred after repeated drug exposure, which were supposed to be the most likely cause of drug resistance.