bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression Of Natural Convection And Radiation Heat Losses In Solar Cavity Receivers: A Novel Approach
Authors: Bello-Ochende T. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The concentrating solar power technology has great potential to be used for energy production and it is a promising alternative to conventional fossil fuel-based energy technologies, such as coal power plants, due to the abundance of solar energy as an energy resource, as well as its minimal impact on the environment. The parabolic dish receiver assembly is one such promising concentrating solar power technology. It usually consists of a reflector in the form of a dish with a downward-facing receiver at the focus of the dish. A cavity receiver is used to maximise the absorption of the concentrated flux. However, the receiver is subjected to environmental variations, as well as changes in receiver inclination angle, which lead to heat losses that affect the overall receiver’s performance. The need for the commercialisation of economically viable parabolic dish systems necessitates further in-depth investigation into cavity receiver designs. As the cavity receiver plays a critical role in transferring solar heat to the engine, any heat loss from the cavity receiver can significantly reduce the efficiency and, consequently, the system’s cost effectiveness. It is therefore essential to assess and effectively minimise heat loss in the cavity receiver to improve the thermal performance of the system, which can contribute to the commercialisation of this type of technology. This novel approach of suppressing natural convection heat loss in a cavity receiver was investigated. The proposed model has not been observed in literature. A cavity receiver with plate fins attached to the inner aperture surface was investigated as a possible low-cost means of suppressing natural convection heat loss in a cavity receiver. Employing air as the working fluid, laminar natural convection heat transfer from the cavity receiver with plate fins attached to the inner aperture surface was investigated for a range of Rayleigh numbers, inclination angles, and fin heights and thicknesses
A Review on Some Effects of the Electrolytic Deposited Zinc Oxide Multilayered Composite Coatings on Mild Steel
Authors: Abioye O. P , Gaiya G. P , Fayomi O. S. I , Loto C. A , Musa A. J 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCorrosion is a major problem in engineering because of its adverse effects involving the deterioration of materials as well as the destruction of such materials. Corrosion of mild steel causes excessive damage in terms of material loss and reduced efficiency. This imposes attention from researchers worldwide for novel literature review. This study presents a review on the effects that zinc oxide multilayered composite coatings have on the mechanical properties of mild steels. These mechanical properties include hardness, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, impact strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength. It was reported by various researchers that coating with multilayered composite of zinc oxide gave a better result as compared to coating with Zinc alone. From the literature studied, it was noticed that more work is still required to identify and use more natural products as constituents of these multilayered composite.
Distribution of Antibiotic Residues in Non-medicated Poultry Feeds by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-array Detection
Authors: Oyedeji A.O. , Msagati T.A.M. , Williams A.B. , Benson N.U. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper reports on the determination and distribution of antibiotic drugs in poultry feeds mainly the layers and growers mash obtained from Ogun state in Nigeria. Pulverized feed samples were initially treated with phosphate buffer adjusted to pH 7 and the analytes extracted in an SPE cartridge with ammonium hydroxide and methanol. The extract reconstituted in phosphate buffer was determined with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC–DAD). The analytical column was an XTerra MS C18 column, (4.6 mm x 100 mm, 3.5 µm) with mobile phases consisting of ultrapure water and acetonitrile mixed with 0.1% HCOOH in gradient elution mode. Data acquisition was achieved with AgilentChemStation Version B.040.01 SP1 while the analytes were completely separated under 10 minutes with good resolution and symmetric peaks. The high correlation coefficient (R2) values (> 0.998, excluding sulfadimethoxine) indicate a good correlation between analyte concentration and peak areas. Limit of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) was between 5.37 and 55.42 ng/g, and 17.91 and 184.74 ng/g, respectively. All the drugs exhibited high mean concentration values in the two feed types, and there was no significant difference between their means (p < 0.05). The results clearly showed that feed millers fortify their feeds with antibiotics mainly sulfonamides in varying amounts without declaring same, thus compromising security of poultry birds and human consumers.
Investigating the Microstructural Evolution and Characterization of Additive Manufactured Zn-Sn-Ti/Ti-6Al-4V Composite.
Authors: Fatoba O.S. , Akinlabi S. A. , Akinlabi E. T. , Naidoo L. C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The investigation focused on studying how the reinforcement powders and titanium alloy substrate were influenced by the volumetric energy which was absorbed. The only processing parameters which were varied was the laser intensity and the scanning speed, which were employed to design the direct laser metal deposition (DLMD) single- and multi-tracks. Laser surface modification techniques has unique benefits and properties compared to other conventional techniques. These techniques have process factors that affect directly the microstructure of materials which in turn influence the materials properties. The results revealed dense microstructure in the fabricated coatings in terms of the microstructural evolution, the sizes of the different grains, the structure of the phases formed and the orientation. The modified surface layer of the additively manufactured coating had improved and had a fine microstructure. Optimizing the DLMD processing conditions resulted in a crack-free surface layer but still promoted a few population of gas defects. The micro-hardness measured in the 5Zn-10Sn-Ti coating at 900 W and scan speed of 1.0 m/min was approximated to be 637 HV at all processing conditions employed, and with respect to the hardness of the substrate, there was a 51.33% increase from 310 HV. But increase of 57.2% was noted at 900 W, 1.0 m/min for 5Zn-10Sn-Ti coating. There was enhancement in the results of the micro-hardness tests conducted and this was due to the resulting microstructural evolution. Homogeneous and dense microstructures was accountable for the micro-hardness performance measured.
Investigation of Household Refrigerator System with Varied Capillary Tube Length
Authors: Madyira D. M. , Marangwanda G.T. , Ekundayo F.M. , Babarinde T. O. , Akinlabi S.A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, the performance of R600a was investigated in a household refrigerator originally designed to work with R134a using varied capillary tube length (1.0, 1.15, 1.30 and 1.45 m). The refrigerator was instrumented with four thermocouples at the inlet and outlet of the major components. Also, two pressure gauges were connected to the compressor to measure the suction and discharge of the compressor. The experimental results were used to evaluate the performance of the system. The results showed that at optimal capillary tube length the COP and cooling capacity of R600a in the system increased with 45% and 4.2% respectively and the power consumption reduced with 25% using 1.30 m varied capillary tube length compared to R134a. Conclusively, R600a can serve as a retrofit in the household refrigerator systems originally designed to work with R134a refrigerant.
Characterization of Medical Wastes from selected Hospitals in Umuahia, Nigeria
Authors: Ugwu E. I. , Ekeleme A.C. , Okolie S. T. A. , Ibe O. P. , Chieke C. F. , Ibearugbulem H. O. , Omeje M. , Ede A N , Awoyera P.O , Ugwu E.C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Medical wastes are classified as special types of wastes owing to their non-biodegradability. Inadequate medical waste management has been identified as a problem that needs urgent attention in developing countries, especially Nigeria. This study was aimed at estimating the status of medical waste management in Umuahia, southeast Nigeria and making recommendations, which will go a long way in curbing the menace of environmental pollution. The medical facilities studied include Government hospitals, private hospitals and primary health centres/maternity; categories A, B, C respectively. A descriptive study was carried out between February to July 2016, and it involved the use of personal interviews, on-site investigations as well as questionnaires, which were administered to health workers as respondents using multistage sampling. Inventory of medical wastes was taken daily, and the data analysis was carried out with the aid of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Results showed that the total quantity of medical wastes generated was found to be 59.811 kg/ward/day, 32.53 kg / ward/day and 31.53 kg/ward/day for categories A, B and C medical facilities respectively. Results also showed that category C lack training on handling while 75% and 50% of A and B respectively conducted training on handling waste. The percentage of adequate knowledge of waste segregation obtained from category A, B and C are 85.7%, 33.3% and 0% respectively. The findings further showed that 57.1% and 28.6% of large and medium hospitals respectively use colour-code for disposal while small hospitals do not. The results obtained indicated low compliance with medical waste management standards. Thus, recommendations are made for pre-service training of health professionals as well as waste handlers, in order to ensure adequate compliance with environmental laws and policies.
Determination of a sustainable concrete floor and ramp for automotive lube bay shed in Nigeria
Authors: Fakehinde Olutola , Ozuor Onyisi , Bamidele Oyeleye , Oluyori Adeoye , Ibrahim Amoo , Aikhuele Daniel , Sunday Isaac Fayomi Ojo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Structural construction of concrete floors and ramps by unskillful personnel that allows undesirable substances that affect the quality of concrete, inappropriate concrete mix that determines the right blend for compressive strength, workability, durability, and chemical resistance have been identified as the reason for collapse of structures. The results show that most failures can be attributed to poor design and workmanship that could have been avoided by careful attention to the factors that makes a quality installation. This project is out to select concrete grade based on functional strength specification and material availability, not only on mix ratio, and in tandem with the technological manufacture or repair of automobiles, and for practical experience. The selection of functional concrete grade results to better mass concreting, compaction, curing and process optimization.
The use of rice husk ash as admixture in producing self-compacting concrete
Authors: Olowofoyeku Adeoye , Ofuyatan Olatokunbo , Adekunle Ajao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Admixtures are incorporated into concrete in today’s world in order to achieve variety of goals. This research study the use of rice husk ash as an admixture in producing self-compacting concrete. The rice husk ash is varied in different percentages (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%) as partial replacement for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) to know if it improves the properties of fresh and hardened properties of the self-compacting concrete. The superplasticizer used was conplast SP 430 and the water cement ratio 0.35 was kept constant throughout all mix. Rice husk ash is a good super-pozzolan which is used to make special concrete mixes, in which the slump Flow, T50cm slump, V-funnel and the L-box test was used to test for the workability of the fresh concrete mix and the compressive strength of each mix was tested to know the specific strength of each self-compacting mix with varying percentage of rice husk ash at 7, 14 and 28 days of curing.
Wastage amidst shortage: Strategies for the mitigation of standby electricity in residential sector in Nigeria
Authors: Olatunji Obafemi O. , Akinlabi Stephen A. , Madushele N. , Adedeji Paul A. , Ishola Felix , Ayo Olayinka O. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDue to rising population and the increasing rate of urbanization, residential electricity usage accounts for a large chunk of Nigeria’s electricity consumption. However, little attention is paid to electricity conservation in the country. In response to this, several studies are been tailored to ensure a rapid reduction in energy consumption through various alternatives including energy efficient technologies given the current state of inadequate electricity supply in the country. On this note, this article discusses the significance of standby electricity in Nigeria. The electricity generation and consumption patterns were briefly discussed while the current electricity saving behaviour and practices among the urban dwellers were detailed with a case study analysed. Based on the case study, it was discovered that the mean standby load across the 30 households were estimated at 60 W ranging from 34-144 W. Also, standby consumption accounts for 13-44% of the annual electricity consumption across the households. Finally, the strategies for electricity saving and sustainable consumption, most especially the mitigation of standby electricity were highlighted.
Techno-Economic Study of Final Year Projects: A Case Study of Mechanical Engineering Department in one of The Top Universities in Africa
Authors: Bolu C. A , Bassey E. E , Abioye A. A , Azeta J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Africa Union Agenda and United Nation Sustainable Development Goals array a focal scope on various issues for the flourishing of the planet and all life therein. These aspirations and goals mirror the ambitions of Africans for flourishing and prosperity, for a continent of free nationals and extended horizons, for solidarity and integration coupled with freedom from conflict and enhanced human security. Although the timeline for achievement of these goals and aspirations grows shorter; there have been reports that the undergraduates’ final year projects in most of Africa’s universities are not proffering relevant solutions to different national problems. This paper studies completed final year projects of undergraduates in the Department of Mechanical Engineering in one of the top-rated universities in Africa, over the period of seven sessions. The projects over these periods were classified using some parameters such as United Nation Development Agenda, Africa Union Agenda and Scopus Classification System for projects. A database of the classified projects was designed and developed; which was subsequently analyzed utilising the Statistical Analysis Software to determine different prescribed parameters. Based on the results, the field of Corrosion in the Department had the highest number of projects during this period.
Review of the Development of Biodegradable Plastic from Synthetic Polymers and Selected Synthesized Nanoparticle Starches
Authors: Abioye A. A , Fasanmi O. O , Rotimi D. O , Abioye O. P , Obuekwe C. C , Afolalu S. A , Okokpujie I. P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Plastics which are made from polyethylene, due to their remarkable physical properties are among the most widely used materials in the world today with applications ranging from agriculture to food packaging and domestic uses. However, their remarkable properties are counteracted by the fact that they are not biodegradable and result in water and land pollution which are on a steady increase annually, amongst other forms of pollution. This has consequently resulted in the development of plastics which are biodegradable and at the same time are able to compete with the generic LDPE-based plastics in terms of strength and durability. This review focuses on the various results and progressions made towards developing a biodegradable plastic from a synthetic base polymer such as Low-Density Polyethylene, Polycaprolactone or Polylactic Acid by dispersing synthesized selected nanoparticle starches into the matrix of the polymer.
Spatial Design and Aural Experience in Music Schools in Lagos State
Authors: Orimoloye M.T , Oluwatayo A.A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Sound has the ability to affect people psychologically, physiologically, behaviourally and cognitively, either negatively or positively, at all times and in all places. Architecture plays a key role in shaping sound, and in defining a certain soundscape. Architectural discourse is often dominated by visual design while the aural architecture becomes a result of the visual decisions, despite that all five senses are important to the experience of a space. Designing our soundscapes, both inside and out, is essential to creating environments which are conducive to their intended function, and do not negatively affecting inhabitants. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between design strategies commonly adopted in existing music schools in Lagos State and the aural architecture it creates. In order to do this, this study has used existing literature, information from case studies and also data from the users of the existing music schools to identify the current design strategies in the music schools and how they affect the aural experience of the users. Findings show that the design strategies adopted had significant relationships with the aural architecture of the spaces, the most prominent design strategy adopted was the rectangular geometry and very little aural architecture strategies were adopted. With this understanding a tuned aural architecture design is proposed, exploring material and design manipulations, which help to create a more beneficial and enriching environment.
A model for efficient consumption of electricity in residential buildings
Authors: Olatunji Obafemi O. , Olayinka Ayo O , Akinlabi Stephen A. , Ishola Felix , Madushele N. , Adedeji Paul A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper reviews various applications of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and proposes electricity-saving power switch enhancement model to control the operation of electrical appliances in residential buildings using radio frequency identification (RFID) system. Estimation was made on the consumption of electricity in a private apartment in Pretoria, Gauteng Province, South Africa and compared with when the RFID card-reader system is deployed. The percentage energy saving in a year was calculated to be approximately 29 %. The possible energy savings for a period of 30years is estimated and the return on investment (ROI) determined. The authors concluded by making a case for a state policy on RFID energy efficiency technology.
Assessment of Biophilic Design Patterns on Skill Development, In Minna, Niger State
Authors: Akande Q. O , Aduwo E. B 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
As an interactive sustainable alternative to existing sustainable design practices, biophilic design struggles to promote the possibility of merging the built and natural environment. The study is aimed at assessing the extent to which biophilic design patterns influences skill development in order to suggest interactive sustainable alternatives. The study adopted a mixed method of research. Qualitative data were obtained via the review of relevant literature while quantitative data were obtained via the use of a structured questionnaire administered to 32 respondents in the study population. The respondents were selected from the users of purpose-built skill acquisition and development spaces in Minna, Niger state, to determine the level of satisfaction with the implementation of these patterns and considerations in skill acquisition and development space. The quantitative data was analysed with the use of statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and the results presented descriptively with the use of tables. The findings suggest that most users were satisfied with patterns from nature in space patterns and natural analogue patterns relating to direct and indirect connection with natural systems.
Influence of Processing Parameters on the Microhardness Property of Laser Cladded Titanium Powder
Authors: Aladesanmi V.I. , Fatoba S.O. , Akinlabi E.T. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Laser cladding techniques of additive manufacturing has been globally embraced in the most efficient means of maintenance of steel rail. Nano-composite of titanium has been used as covering layer. The processing parameters of the laser power was varied between 1.0 kW and 2.0 kW while the scanning speed, powder and gas flow rate were kept at constant. Design expert 11 software environment was used to analyze the results derived with a full factorial experiment design guide. The microhardness profiling was performed at a load of 500 g and at a dwelling time of 15 s with the microhardness indenter 20 μm distance was maintained between indentations. An almost uniform weight of Titanium powder was cladded at different variation of processing parameters. A predictive microhardness equation was generated and termss runs intercept of an orthogonal shape. The model terms were found to be significant with logical relationships. It was found that the microhardness increases as the laser power increased.
Experimental Performance of the Energetic Characteristics of a Domestic Refrigerator with Al2O3 Nanolubricant and LPG Refrigerant
Authors: Onakade M. A. , Adelekan D. S. , Ohunakin O. S. , Atiba O. E. , Gill J. , Atayero A. A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper studies the experimental performance of the energetic characteristics of a slightly modified domestic refrigerator infused with nano-lubricant containing different concentrations of Al2O3 (at 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g/L) with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) charge of 40g. Parameters investigated were power consumption, cooling capacity, coefficient of performance (COP), discharge temperature, volumetric refrigerating capacity (VRC) and pressure ratio. The findings showed that when the nano-based lubricants were compared with pure oil, the power at 0.6g/L concentration, gave the best performance of 67.01W, at different time over 180 minutes’ periods. The discharge pressure of the system when compared to pure-oil at 0.6g/L concentrations exhibited acceptable value of 616. 33kPa. For the cabinet temperature, it was seen that the 0.6g/L had the lowest recorded temperature of -8.7°C after 180 minutes. With the coefficient of performance, the 0.2g/L concentration had the highest average performance of 2.239 at 180 minutes. The highest average performance of 174.225 kW over 180 minutes was found as the refrigerating capacity at 02.g/L concentration. The nano-lubricant can be concluded to work safely in the refrigerator but better optimization in nano-application will still be needed for better results.