bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted imaging with synthetic b-values in breast tumors: comparison with dynamic contrast-enhanced and multiparametric MRI
Authors: Daimiel Naranjo Isaac , Lo Gullo Roberto , Saccarelli Carolina , Thakur Sunitha B. , Bitencourt Almir , Morris Elizabeth A. , Jochelson Maxine S. , Sevilimedu Varadan , Martinez Danny F. , Pinker-Domenig Katja 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo assess DWI for tumor visibility and breast cancer detection by the addition of different synthetic b-values.MethodsEighty-four consecutive women who underwent a breast-multiparametric-MRI (mpMRI) with enhancing lesions on DCE-MRI (BI-RADS 2–5) were included in this IRB-approved retrospective study from September 2018 to March 2019. Three readers evaluated DW acquired b-800 and synthetic b-1000, b-1200, b-1500, and b-1800 s/mm2images for lesion visibility and preferred b-value based on lesion conspicuity. Image quality (1–3 scores) and breast composition (BI-RADS) were also recorded. Diagnostic parameters for DWI were determined using a 1–5 malignancy score based on qualitative imaging parameters (acquired + preferred synthetic b-values) and ADC values. BI-RADS classification was used for DCE-MRI and quantitative ADC values + BI-RADS were used for mpMRI.ResultsSixty-four malignant (average = 23 mm) and 39 benign (average = 8 mm) lesions were found in 80 women. Although b-800 achieved the best image quality score, synthetic b-values 1200–1500 s/mm2were preferred for lesion conspicuity, especially in dense breast. b-800 and synthetic b-1000/b-1200 s/mm2values allowed the visualization of 84–90% of cancers visible with DCE-MRI performing better than b-1500/b-1800 s/mm2. DWI was more specific (86.3% vs 65.7%,p< 0.001) but less sensitive (62.8% vs 90%,p< 0.001) and accurate (71% vs 80.7%,p= 0.003) than DCE-MRI for breast cancer detection, where mpMRI was the most accurate modality accounting for less false positive cases.ConclusionThe addition of synthetic b-values enhances tumor conspicuity and could potentially improve tumor visualization particularly in dense breast. However, its supportive role for DWI breast cancer detection is still not definite.Key Points•The addition of synthetic b-values (1200–1500 s/mm2) to acquired DWI afforded a better lesion conspicuity without increasing acquisition time and was particularly useful in dense breasts.•Despite the use of synthetic b-values, DWI was less sensitive and accurate than DCE-MRI for breast cancer detection.•A multiparametric MRI modality still remains the best approach having the highest accuracy for breast cancer detection and thus reducing the number of unnecessary biopsies.
High-intensity decreasing interval training (HIDIT) increases time above 90% $$\dot{V}$$O2peak
Authors: Vaccari Filippo , Giovanelli N. , Lazzer S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeTraining near$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2max is considered to be the most effective way to enhance$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2max. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a well-known time-efficient training method for improving cardiorespiratory and metabolic function and$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2max. While long HIIT bouts allow$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2max to be achieved quickly, short HIIT bouts improve time to exhaustion (Tlim). The aim of this study was to evaluate the time spent above 90%$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2peak (T > 90%$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2peak) during three different HIIT protocols.MethodsTwelve cyclists performed three HIIT sessions. Each protocol had the same work and recovery power and ratio of work·recovery−1. The protocols consisted of long-interval HIIT (LIHIIT, 3 min work—2 min recovery), short-interval HIIT (SIHIIT, 30 s work—20 s recovery), and high-intensity decreasing interval training (HIDIT, work from 3 min to 30 s and recovery from 2 min to 20 s).T > 90%$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2peak, Tlim, blood lactate [La], and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured at Tlim.ResultsT > 90%$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2peak was greater in HIDIT (312 ± 207 s) than in SIHIIT(182 ± 225 s;P = 0.036) or LIHIIT(179 ± 145 s;P = 0.027). Tlim was not significantly different (P > 0.05) between HIDIT (798 ± 185 s), SIHIIT(714 ± 265 s), and LIHIIT(664 ± 282). At Tlim, no differences in [La] and RPE were found between protocols (P > 0.05).ConclusionHIDIT showed the highestT > 90%$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2peak, suggesting that it may be a good strategy to increase time close to$$\dot{V}$$V˙O2peak, despite similar Tlim, [La], and RPE at Tlim.
Geometric Multicut: Shortest Fences for Separating Groups of Objects in the Plane
Authors: Abrahamsen Mikkel , Giannopoulos Panos , Löffler Maarten , Rote Günter 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe study the following separation problem: Given a collection of pairwise disjoint coloured objects in the plane withkdifferent colours, compute a shortest “fence”F, i.e., a union of curves of minimum total length, that separates every pair of objects of different colours. Two objects are separated ifFcontains a simple closed curve that has one object in the interior and the other in the exterior. We refer to the problem asgeometrick-cut, as it is a geometric analog to the well-studied multicut problem on graphs. We first give an$$O(n^4\log ^3\!n)$$O(n4log3n)-time algorithm that computes an optimal fence for the case where the input consists of polygons of two colours withncorners in total. We then show that the problem is NP-hard for the case of three colours. Finally, we give a randomised$$4/3\cdot 1.2965$$4/3·1.2965-approximation algorithm for polygons and any number of colours.
Comparison of manual and semi-automatic registration in augmented reality image-guided liver surgery: a clinical feasibility study
Authors: Schneider C. , Thompson S. , Totz J. , Song Y. , Allam M. , Sodergren M. H. , Desjardins A. E. , Barratt D. , Ourselin S. , Gurusamy K. , Stoyanov D. , Clarkson M. J. , Hawkes D. J. , Davidson B. R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The laparoscopic approach to liver resection may reduce morbidity and hospital stay. However, uptake has been slow due to concerns about patient safety and oncological radicality. Image guidance systems may improve patient safety by enabling 3D visualisation of critical intra- and extrahepatic structures. Current systems suffer from non-intuitive visualisation and a complicated setup process. A novel image guidance system (SmartLiver), offering augmented reality visualisation and semi-automatic registration has been developed to address these issues. A clinical feasibility study evaluated the performance and usability of SmartLiver with either manual or semi-automatic registration.

Methods
Intraoperative image guidance data were recorded and analysed in patients undergoing laparoscopic liver resection or cancer staging. Stereoscopic surface reconstruction and iterative closest point matching facilitated semi-automatic registration. The primary endpoint was defined as successful registration as determined by the operating surgeon. Secondary endpoints were system usability as assessed by a surgeon questionnaire and comparison of manual vs. semi-automatic registration accuracy. Since SmartLiver is still in development no attempt was made to evaluate its impact on perioperative outcomes.

Results
The primary endpoint was achieved in 16 out of 18 patients. Initially semi-automatic registration failed because the IGS could not distinguish the liver surface from surrounding structures. Implementation of a deep learning algorithm enabled the IGS to overcome this issue and facilitate semi-automatic registration. Mean registration accuracy was 10.9 ± 4.2 mm (manual) vs. 13.9 ± 4.4 mm (semi-automatic) (Mean difference − 3 mm; p = 0.158). Surgeon feedback was positive about IGS handling and improved intraoperative orientation but also highlighted the need for a simpler setup process and better integration with laparoscopic ultrasound.

Conclusion
The technical feasibility of using SmartLiver intraoperatively has been demonstrated. With further improvements semi-automatic registration may enhance user friendliness and workflow of SmartLiver. Manual and semi-automatic registration accuracy were comparable but evaluation on a larger patient cohort is required to confirm these findings.
Segmented lordotic angles to assess lumbosacral transitional vertebra on EOS
Authors: Albano Domenico , Messina Carmelo , Gambino Angelo , Gurgitano Martina , Sciabica Carmelo , Oliveira Pavan Giordano Remo , Gitto Salvatore , Sconfienza Luca Maria 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To test the vertical posterior vertebral angles (VPVA) of the most caudal lumbar segments measured on EOS to identify and classify the lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV).

Methods
We reviewed the EOS examinations of 906 patients to measure the VPVA at the most caudal lumbar segment (cVPVA) and at the immediately proximal segment (pVPVA), with dVPVA being the result of their difference. Mann–Whitney, Chi-square, and ROC curve statistics were used.

Results
172/906 patients (19%) had LSTV (112 females, mean age: 43 ± 21 years), and 89/172 had type I LSTV (52%), 42/172 type II (24%), 33/172 type III (19%), and 8/172 type IV (5%). The cVPVA and dVPVA in non-articulated patients were significantly higher than those of patients with LSTV, patients with only accessory articulations, and patients with only bony fusion (all p < .001). The cVPVA and dVPVA in L5 sacralization were significantly higher than in S1 lumbarization (p < .001). The following optimal cutoff was found: cVPVA of 28.2° (AUC = 0.797) and dVPVA of 11.1° (AUC = 0.782) to identify LSTV; cVPVA of 28.2° (AUC = 0.665) and dVPVA of 8° (AUC = 0.718) to identify type II LSTV; cVPVA of 25.5° (AUC = 0.797) and dVPVA of − 7.5° (AUC = 0.831) to identify type III–IV LSTV; cVPVA of 20.4° (AUC = 0.693) and dVPVA of − 1.8° (AUC = 0.665) to differentiate type II from III–IV LSTV; cVPVA of 17.9° (AUC = 0.741) and dVPVA of − 4.5° (AUC = 0.774) to differentiate L5 sacralization from S1 lumbarization.

Conclusion
The cVPVA and dVPVA measured on EOS showed good diagnostic performance to identify LSTV, to correctly classify it, and to differentiate L5 sacralization from S1 lumbarization.
EMAC, Retromer, and VSRs: do they connect?
Authors: Ivanov Rumen , Robinson David G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEukaryotic organisms share many common features in terms of endomembrane trafficking. This fact has helped plant scientists to propose testable hypotheses on how plant intracellular membrane trafficking is achieved and regulated based on knowledge from yeast and mammals. However, when a new compartment has been identified in a plant cell that has a vesicle tethering complex located at a position which is completely different to its counterpart in yeast and mammalian cells, caution is demanded when interpreting possible interactions with other trafficking elements. This is exemplified by the recently discovered EMAC (ER and microtubule-associated compartment). It has been postulated that this compartment is the recipient of vacuolar sorting receptors (VSRs) transported retrogradely via “retromer vesicles” from a post-Golgi location. Unfortunately, this suggestion was based entirely on our knowledge of retromer from yeast and mammalian cells, and did not take into account the available literature on the composition, localization, and function of the plant retromer. It also lacked reference to recent contradictory findings on VSR trafficking. In this short article, we have tried to rectify this situation, pointing out that plant retromer may not function as a pentameric complex of two subunits: the retromer core and the sorting nexins.
Using large-scale augmented floor surfaces for industrial applications and evaluation on perceived sizes
Authors: Otto Michael , Lampen Eva , Agethen Philipp , Zachmann Gabriel , Rukzio Enrico 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLarge high-resolution displays (LHRDs) provide an enabling technology to achieve immersive, isometrically registered, virtual environments. It has been shown that LHRDs allow better size judgments, higher collaboration performance, and shorter task completion times. This paper presents novel insights into human size perception using large-scale floor displays, in particular in-depth evaluations of size judgment accuracy, precision, and task completion time. These investigations have been performed in the context of six, novel applications in the domain of automotive production planning. In our studies, we used a 54-sqm sized LED floor and a standard tablet visualizing relatively scaled and true to scale 2D content, which users had to estimate using different aids. The study involved 22 participants and three different conditions. Results indicate that true to scale floor visualizations reduce the mean absolute percentage error of spatial estimations. In all three conditions, we did not find the typical overestimation or underestimation of size judgments.
Neuromuscular complications following targeted therapy in cancer patients: beyond the immune checkpoint inhibitors. Case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Demichelis Chiara , Balestra Andrea , Lapucci Caterina , Zuppa Angela , Grisanti Stefano G , Prada Valeria , Pesce Giampaola , Grasso Ilaria , Queirolo Paola , Schenone Angelo , Benedetti Luana , Grandis Marina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction
In the last years, many new drugs have been developed targeting different oncology pathways, overall improving both quality of life and survival in several malignancies. However, the increase of those therapies is associated with novel toxicities, mainly immune-related adverse events (irAEs), never observed before. Different irAEs are now well characterized, and, among them, neuromuscular complications, following immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICPi) therapy, are increasingly studied and described. However, there are also neurological complications related to the use of other targeted therapies, less known and probably underestimated. Herein we describe two oncological patients who developed neuromuscular diseases after administration of targeted therapies, different from ICPi.

Case reports
The first patient was treated with the combination of Vemurafenib and Cobimetinib, BRAF and MEK inhibitors, respectively, for a cutaneous melanoma. One year after the beginning of the combined treatment, she developed a sub-acute motor neuropathy with predominant cranial nerve involvement. She was successfully treated with methylprednisolone. The second patient received therapy with Imatinib, tyrosine kinase inhibitor and precursor of the targeted therapy, for a gastrointestinal stromal tumour. Few days after the first administration, he developed generalized myasthenia gravis with respiratory failure. Clinical remission was obtained with plasma-exchange, intravenous immunoglobulins and steroids.

Discussion and Conclusion
We strengthen the relevance of neuromuscular complications which may occur long after treatment start or in patients receiving not only the latest ICPi but also “older” and apparently better-known targeted therapies. Also in the latter cases, an immune-mediated “off-target” pathogenic mechanism can be hypothesized, and consequences can be life threatening, if not promptly diagnosed and appropriately managed.
Automatic generation of UML profile graphical editors for Papyrus
Authors: Wei Ran , Zolotas Athanasios , Hoyos Rodriguez Horacio , Gerasimou Simos , Kolovos Dimitrios S. , Paige Richard F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractUML profiles offer an intuitive way for developers to build domain-specific modelling languages by reusing and extending UML concepts. Eclipse Papyrus is a powerful open-source UML modelling tool which supports UML profiling. However, with power comes complexity, implementing non-trivial UML profiles and their supporting editors in Papyrus typically requires the developers to handcraft and maintain a number of interconnected models through a loosely guided, labour-intensive and error-prone process. We demonstrate how metamodel annotations and model transformation techniques can help manage the complexity of Papyrus in the creation of UML profiles and their supporting editors. We presentJorvik, an open-source tool that implements the proposed approach. We illustrate its functionality with examples, and we evaluate our approach by comparing it against manual UML profile specification and editor implementation using a non-trivial enterprise modelling language (Archimate) as a case study. We also perform a user study in which developers are asked to produce identical editors using both Papyrus andJorvikdemonstrating the substantial productivity and maintainability benefits thatJorvikdelivers.
Shifting self-perceptions of ageing: differential effects of value priorities on self-perceptions of ageing beyond age stereotypes
Authors: Blawert Anne , Wurm Susanne 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSelf-perceptions of ageing (SPA) are important predictors of health in later life. However, research on antecedents of SPA other than age stereotypes is scarce. To address this gap, this study investigates the impact of personal value priorities beyond age stereotypes on SPA. Can values as the motivational basis of attitudes and evaluations predict gain- and loss-related SPA? To answer this question, we conducted multiple regression analyses of longitudinal data from two waves (2008, 2011) of the German Ageing Survey (DEAS;N = 6089, age range in 2008: 40–93 years). Gain- and loss-related SPA as well as age stereotypes were assessed with two AgeCog scales and personal values with the 21-item Portrait Values Questionnaire. Results indicate that value priorities relate to SPA longitudinally in domain-specific ways: People with a value priority of openness to change and self-transcendence reported more gain-related SPA at follow-up, whereas those who prioritized conservation reported less gain-related SPA. In the domain of loss-related SPA, those people with a value priority of self-enhancement reported more and those prioritizing self-transcendence reported less loss-related SPA at follow-up. These results complement and extend recent findings on the role of personality for SPA. They suggest that whether people focus on the gains or losses that occur with age, whether they perceive ageing as a threat or chance, is not only shaped by their age stereotypes, but also by what they find important—their values.
Digital Inquiry Through Games
Authors: Albano Giovannina , Arzarello Ferdinando , Dello Iacono Umberto 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper aims to show how the Logic of Game Theory can facilitate the structuring of games for the learning of mathematical concepts, in a way which is cognitively resonant with students’ attitudes and epistemologically sound from the mathematical standpoint. We propose a kind of game, based on an inquiry approach to mathematics, called Digital Inquiry Game (DIG), the aim of which is to foster students’ positive beliefs about their mathematical capabilities with regards to problem solving and to improve the way students are able to grasp the epistemic aspects of the mathematical knowledge in question. The main issues surrounding the theoretical background and the inspiring key constructs of the DIG are explained. The design of a DIG is validated through a case study concerning some properties of integers and a general divisibility criterion. Finally, some issues for further researches are considered.
In Vitro Measurement of Strain Localization Preceding Dissection of the Aortic Wall Subjected to Radial Tension
Authors: Di Giuseppe M. , Zingales M. , Pasta S. , Avril S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAortic dissection (AD) is a common pathology and challenging clinical problem. A better understanding of the biomechanical effects preceding its initiation is essential for predicting adverse events on a patient-specific basis. Moreover, the predictability of patient-specific biomechanics-based computational models is hampered by uncertainty about boundary conditions and material properties.ObjectivePredisposition of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) to ADs can be related to the degradation of biomechanically important constituents in the aortic wall of TAAs. The goal of the present study is to develop a new methodology to measure strain fields in aortic tissues subjected to radial tensile loading, combining optical coherence tomography (OCT) and digital image correlation (DIC).MethodsRadial tensile tests are performed on 5 samples collected from a healthy porcine descending thoracic aorta and 2 samples collected from a human ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm. At each step of the radial tensile test, the OCT technique is used to acquire images of the sample presenting a speckle pattern generated by the optical signature of the tissue. The speckle pattern is used to quantify displacement and strain fields using DIC. Stress-strain data are also measured throughout the analyzed range.ResultsResults show that strain commonly localizes very early during tensile tests, at the location where the crack onset occurs. Aneurysm samples even show a sharper localization than healthy porcine tissues.ConclusionThis suggests the importance of extending the analysis to a larger number of human samples using our new methodology to better identify the conditions predisposing aortas to dissection.
Arbeitszeitgestaltung in der digitalisierten Arbeitswelt: Ein systematisches Literatur Review zur Wirkung von Arbeitszeitverkürzung in Bezug auf die psychische Gesundheit
Authors: Jansen-Preilowski Virgilia V. , Paruzel Agnieszka , Maier Günter W. 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag der Zeitschrift Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation. (GIO) stellt ein systematisches Review zum Zusammenhang der Arbeitszeitverkürzung (bei vollem Gehalt) und psychischen Gesundheit auf der Grundlage vorhandener Studien vor, um Chancen und Risiken besser einschätzen und beurteilen zu können. Die Diskussion über die Verkürzung von Arbeitszeiten wird nicht zuletzt durch die vielfältigen Möglichkeiten der Digitalisierung der Arbeit verstärkt. Die Literatursuche ergab insgesamt 114 Artikel, wovon drei qualitative, neun quantitative Studien und eine Mixed Method Studie in die Analyse aufgenommen wurden. Aus den Ergebnissen wurde deutlich, dass eine verkürzte Arbeitszeit bei gleichbleibendem Lohn zu einer Verringerung von arbeitsbedingten Belastungen bei Beschäftigten beitragen. Die Umsetzung der Verkürzung erfolgte auf drei unterschiedliche Weisen: I. ohne Veränderung der Arbeitsprozesse, II. ohne Veränderung der Arbeitsprozesse, jedoch mit zusätzlichen Beschäftigten oder III. mit einer vorhergehenden Veränderung der Arbeitsprozesse, ohne zusätzliche Angestellte. Zwar gibt es bis dato noch keine allgemeingültige Empfehlung für die Umsetzung in die Praxis, allerdings wird für eine erfolgreiche Umsetzung empfohlen, die Reduktion der Arbeitszeit vorab zu planen und Optimierungsmöglichkeiten für die Ausführung von Tätigkeiten und Arbeitsprozessen zu identifizieren (III.).