bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OCT4 Suppresses Metastasis in Breast Cancer Cells Through Activation of STAT3 Signaling
Authors: Jin Xiangshu , Liu Yafang , Qu Huinan , Qi Da , Wang Xinqi , Lu Yan , Dong Yuan , Liang Yingying , Jin Qiu , Quan Chengshi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Metastatic breast cancer is the major cause of death in breast cancer patients. Activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induces migration and invasion of breast cancer cells (BCCs). OCT4 (POU5F1) is a key transcription factor for reprograming and plays an important role in self-renewal. Recent studies recovered OCT4 may correlate with cancer progression. However, it is no sufficient proofs to verify how OCT4 plays in metastasis of breast cancer. In this present study, we show the role of OCT4 in the migration and invasion of BCCs in vitro and metastasis in vivo.Methods: PCR, Western Blot and Immunofluorescence staining were performed to determine to OCT4 expression in BCCs. Wound-healing assay and invasion assay were utilized to analyze the mobility of BCCs. Tumor metastasis was assessed with nude mice by subcutaneously injection. IHC assay was used to evaluate phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) expression in breast cancer tissues and normal breast tissues. To study whether OCT4 regulate EMT through STAT3 signal, we used shRNA to knockdown STAT3 gene expression in BCCs.Results: OCT4 changed cell morphology of BCCs, decreased cell adhesion, and inhibited migration, invasion and metastatic ability of BCCs. In the meantime, overexpression of OCT4 activated STAT3 signaling and changed EMT-related protein expressions in BCCs. However, knockdown of STAT3 in BCCs with overexpression of OCT4 could facilitate EMT.Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that OCT4 suppresses EMT in BCCs through activation of STAT3 signaling, which is a key mechanism in impeding BCCs migration and invasion. Collectively, these data suggest that elevating OCT4 expression may be an effective method for reducing the metastatic potential of BCCs, which could also contribute to developing new methods for diagnosis and new molecular target therapies in breast cancer metastasis.
Measuring Health Care Experiences that Matter to Indigenous People in Australia with Cancer: Identifying Critical Gaps in Existing Tools
Authors: Green Monica , Cunningham Joan , Anderson Kate , Griffiths Kalinda , Garvey Gail 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The measurement of patients’ experiences of healthcare is increasingly used as an indicator of the quality of care. There are concerns that many mechanisms used to collect patient experience data produce large amounts of superficial data, while missing deeper, more nuanced information that is meaningful to the patient, and that insufficient attention is paid to whether the information is used to make a difference to health care. This is particularly so for Indigenous people in Australia, whose health care experience is impacted by the context of colonisation and discordance between Indigenous understandings of health and the biomedical health system. The aim of this study was to assess the extent to which existing patient experience measures currently in use in Australia collect information about the most critical aspects of cancer care, as identified by Indigenous people affected by cancer and their health care providers in previous research. Methods: A two-stage process was used to examine the adequacy of existing patient experience measures for Indigenous people in Australia: (1) relevant tools and measures were identified and assessed, and four measures were selected as suitable comparators; (2) the comparators were examined in detail and mapped against the topics identified in our earlier research as important to Indigenous people affected by cancer. Gaps in topic coverage in the comparators were identified. Results: No comparators completely captured the critical aspects of cancer care identified by Indigenous people with cancer and their health care providers. The number of topics ‘partially’ captured by the four comparators ranged from 4 to 7 out of 9. While most topics were at least partially covered, the lack of questions around culture and cultural safety was notable. Conclusions: Existing patient experience measurement tools are likely to miss some key aspects of Indigenous peoples’ experiences of cancer care in Australia. Failure to adequately assess experiences of care related to cultural safety may compromise efforts to improve health outcomes. Addressing the gaps requires the development of experience measures that are strengths-based, reflect an Indigenous world view and measure aspects of experience that are relevant to Indigenous people.
Nasal Carriage and Methicillin Resistance of Staphylococcus Aureus Among Schoolchildren in Sana’a City, Yemen
Authors: Othman Arwa Mohammed , Al-Huraibi Belques Sharaf , Assayaghi Rowa Mohammed , Al-Shami Huda Zaid 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a frequent cause of serious health problems with high morbidity and mortality. The risk of S. aureus infections is increased with the emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The aim of this study is to determine the nasal carriage rate of both S. aureus and MRSA among schoolchildren in Sana’a city.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2018 to May 2020. Five hundred and eighty eight students were enrolled. Nasal swabs were collected from each student for culturing and methicillin susceptibility testing. Results: Out 588 nasal swab, 536 yielded bacterial growth. Students with positive culture were 271(51%) males and 265(49%) females. Their age ranged from 5 to 19 years old with mean age and standard deviation equaled to 13.3±3.5 years. S. aureus was isolated from 129 (24%) students whereas the overall prevalence of MRSA was 8(1.5%). S. aureus was significantly recovered from students at age group 10-14 years (χ2 = 7.02, p = 0.03), females than males (OR= 1.96, χ2 = 10.75, p = 0.001), and students who were admitted into hospitals (OR= 1.6, χ2 = 4.89, p = 0.03). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between MRSA carriage and students’ age (χ2 = 2.3, p = 0.32), gender (OR= 1.02, χ2 = 0.001, p = 0.63), and hospital admission (OR= 1.4, χ2 = 0.25, p = 0.62). Conclusions: The prevalence of MRSA is low among schoolchildren in Sana’a city. Age, gender and previous hospital admission were statistically associated with nasal carriage of S. aureus but not MRSA nasal carriage.
Determining electrocardiography training priorities for medical students using a modified Delphi method
Authors: Viljoen Charle Andre , Millar Rob Scott , Manning Kathryn , Burch Vanessa Celeste 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Although electrocardiography is considered a core learning outcome for medical students, there is currently little curricular guidance for undergraduate ECG training. Owing to the absence of expert consensus on undergraduate ECG teaching, curricular content is subject to individual opinion. The aim of this modified Delphi study was to establish consensus amongst content and context experts on an ECG curriculum for medical students.
Methods
The Delphi technique, an established method of obtaining consensus, was used to develop an undergraduate ECG curriculum. Specialists involved in ECG teaching were invited to complete three rounds of online surveys. An undergraduate ECG curriculum was formulated from the topics of ECG instruction for which consensus (i.e. ≥75% agreement) was achieved amongst the expert panel.
Results
The panellists (n = 131) had a wide range of expertise (42.8% Internal Medicine, 22.9% Cardiology, 16% Family Medicine, 13.7% Emergency Medicine and 4.6% Health Professions Education). Topics that reached consensus to be included in the undergraduate ECG curriculum were classified under technical aspects of performing ECGs, basic ECG analysis, recognition of the normal ECG and abnormal rhythms and waveforms and using electrocardiography as part of a clinical diagnosis. This study emphasises that ECG teaching should be framed within the clinical context. Course conveners should not overload students with complex and voluminous content, but rather focus on commonly encountered and life-threatening conditions, where accurate diagnosis impacts on patient outcome. A list of 23 “must know” ECG diagnoses is therefore proposed.
Conclusion
A multidisciplinary expert panel reached consensus on the ECG training priorities for medical students.
Clara Cell 16KDa Protein Mitigates House Dust Mite-Induced Airway Inflammation and Damage via Regulating Airway Epithelial Cell Apoptosis in a Manner Dependent on HMGB1-Mediated Signaling Inhibition.
Authors: Liu Meixuan , Lu Jingjing , Zhang Qian , Zhang Yunxuan , Guo Zhongliang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: House dust mite (HDM) inhalation can cause airway epithelial damage which is implicated in the process of airway inflammation in asthma. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is critically required for cellular damage and apoptosis as an important endogenous danger signal. Recently, Clara cell 16KDa protein (CC16) has been identified to exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory influence in various injury-related diseases model. However, little is known about its ability to protect against airway epithelial injury in allergic asthma. This study was aimed to clarify the protective roles of CC16 on airway epithelia in HDM-induced asthma and the regulation of HMGB1 by CC16.Methods: Mice were sensitized and challenged by HDM extract and administrated intranasally with CC16 (5ug/g or 10ug/g) or saline in the challenged period. The BEAS-2B human airway epithelial cell line were cultured with CC16 or the control vehicle and then exposed to HDM. Knockdown or overexpression of HMGB1 was induced by cell transfection.Results: CC16 treatment decreased airway inflammation and histological damage of airway epithelium dose-dependently in HDM-induced asthma model. Airway epithelia apoptosis upon HDM stimulation was noticeably abrogated by CC16 in vivo and in vitro. In addition, upregulation of HMGB1 expression and its related signaling were also detected under HDM conditions, while HMGB1 significantly inhibited the apoptosis of BEAS-2B cells. Furthermore, the activity of HMGB1-mediated signaling was restrained after CC16 treatment whereas HMGB1 overexpression abolished the protective effect of CC16 on HDM-induced airway epithelia apoptosis.Conclusions: Our data confirm that CC16 attenuates HDM-mediated airway inflammation and damage via suppressing airway epithelial cell apoptosis in a HMGB1-dependent manner, suggesting the role of CC16 as a potential therapeutic option for HDM-induced asthma.
Understanding the perceived impact and value of research advocacy initiatives for colorectal cancer
Authors: Garcia Reese , Dwyer Andrea J. , Worrall Sharyn , Davis Anjelica Q. , Roach Nancy 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Research advocacy utilizes patient insight to progress research, ensuring that patient values remain a priority. It is integral to inform activities such as designing clinical trials, providing perspectives on Institutional Review Boards (IRB’s), and reviewing research grants. As a leader in colorectal cancer (CRC) advocacy, Fight Colorectal Cancer (Fight CRC) developed a formal research advocacy training program in 2015 with the goal of preparing CRC advocates to become the most educated patient voice at the research table.
Methods

To understand the effectiveness of a research advocacy training program and subsequently research advocacy as a whole, Fight CRC distributed online questionnaires between December 2018 and July 2019 to oncology professionals who had previously worked with Fight CRC research advocates, including physicians, program directors, and consumer review administrators. A questionnaire was also disseminated to Fight CRC research advocates.
Results

In total, twenty-six stakeholders participated and 89% agreed/strongly agreed that there was value in having the patient voice in research. Respondents reported that advocates provide a perspective that would not otherwise be considered in the research process. Fourteen research advocates participated in the survey and the majority indicated that the research advocacy program equipped them to sit on panels and provide effective insight. All research advocates believed that their patient insight is taken seriously by the research community.
Conclusion

In order for research advocacy to have a significant impact and a high perceived value on research, it is important to establish an effective training program to support adult learning. In addition, it is necessary for researchers to understand how advocates can positively influence their work, and how the scientific community can engage with and leverage research advocacy to its fullest potential to improve scientific research, delivery of care, and quality of life for patients with cancer.
At the Intersection of Homophobia and Racism: Sociocultural Context and the Sexual Health of South Asian Canadian Gay and Bisexual Men
Authors: Hart Trevor A , Sharvendiran Ramraajh , Chikermane Vijaya , Kidwai Ammaar , Grace Daniel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives: South Asian gay and bisexual men in Canada are at risk for experiencing both intersectional structural oppressions related to homophobia and racism as well as for the acquisition of sexually transmitted infections including HIV. Our objective was to examine intersectional stigma among South Asian gay and bisexual men and its effects on their mental and sexual health.Design: We recruited 39 South Asian gay and bisexual men in the Greater Toronto Area and interviewed them via focus groups (n = 37) or one-on-one interviews (n = 2). The facilitators used a semi-structured interview protocol covering topics about sexual health of South Asian gay and bisexual men, including their how their home backgrounds and their experiences of being South Asian in predominantly white gay spaces affected their sexual health, and how these experiences shaped their attitudes about sexual health services. Data were analysed to understand how Intersectional stigma affected perceived choices and health among South Asian GBM.Results: Participants reported significant concerns about the effects of intersectional oppressions as South Asian gay and bisexual men, including distress about the potential social harms arising to one’s family for having a gay or bisexual son. Men also described feeling excluded by the white-dominated gay community. Intersectional stigma led to loneliness and social isolation among South Asian gay and bisexual men, and limited social power in sexual relationships.Conclusions: Findings suggest that South Asian gay and bisexual men preferred programs that focused on reducing social isolation and loneliness, as opposed to traditional safer sex programming focusing on HIV risk education.
Improvements in HOMA Indices and Pancreatic Endocrinal Tissues in Type -2 Diabetic Rats by DPP-4 Inhibition and Antioxidant Potential of an Ethanol Fruit Extract of Withania Coagulans
Authors: Ram Heera , Kumar Pramod , Purohit Ashok , Kashyap Priya , Kumar Suresh , Kumar Shivani , Singh Garima , Alqarawi Abdulaziz A. , Hashem Abeer , Abd_Allah Elsayed Fathi , Singh Bhim Pratap 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Context: Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal fruits are used in the therapeutics of several ailments due to possessing of potent phytoconstituents which is also used traditionally for curing the diabetes. Objective: The present study was assessing the amelioration potential of the phytochemicals of an ethanol fruit extract of Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal in the HOMA (Homeostatic model assessment) indices and pancreatic endocrinal tissues by inhibition of DPP-4 and antioxidants activities.Material and methods: The identification of phytoconstituents of phytochemicals of the test extract was performed by LCMS. Further, assessments of in-vitro, in-vivo and in-silico were achieved by following standard methods. In-vivo studies were conducted on type-2 diabetic ratsResults: The chosen extract inhibited DPP-4 activity by 63.2% in an in vitro assay. Accordingly, the administration of the ethanol fruit extract resulted in a significant (𝑃≤ 0.001) alterations in the lipid profile, antioxidant levels, and HOMA indices. Moreover, pancreatic endocrinal tissues (islet of Langerhans) appeared to have the restoration of normal histoarchitecture as evidenced by increased cellular mass. Molecular docking (Protein - ligands) of identified phytoconstituents with DPP-4 (target enzyme) shown incredibly low binding energy (Kcal/mol) as required for ideal interactions. ADMET analysis of the pharmacokinetics of the identified phytoconstituents indicated an ideal profile as per Lipinski laws. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the phytoconstituents of an ethanol fruit extract of Withania coagulans have the potential to inhibit DPP-4 which result in improved glucose homeostasis and restoration of pancreatic endocrinal tissues in type-2 diabetic rats.
Evaluation of Lung Involvement in COVID-19 Pneumonia Based on Ultrasound Images
Authors: Hu Zhaoyu , Liu Zhenhua , Dong Yijie , Liu Jianjian , Huang Bin , Liu Aihua , Huang Jingjing , Pu Xujuan , Shi Xia , Yu Jinhua , Xiao Yang , Zhang Hui , Zhou Jianqiao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Lung ultrasound (LUS) can be an important imaging tool for the diagnosis and assessment of lung involvement. In this study, we determined the ultrasound manifestations of the lung associated with COVID-19 pneumonia, and obtained the ultrasound image changes of the patients from the initial diagnosis to rehabilitation. Methods: The purpose of this study is to establish a lung involvement assessment model based on deep learning. A channel attention classification method based on squeeze-and-excitation network combining with ResNeXt (SE_ResNeXt) is proposed, which can automatically learn the importance of different channel features, so as to achieve selective learning of channels and further achieve more accurate classification results. Results and conclusion: Among 104 patients' data from multicenter and multi-mode ultrasound, the diagnostic model can achieve 97.11% accuracy. The lung involvement severity of COVID-19 pneumonia and the trend of lesion were evaluated quantitatively.
Vitamin D Receptor Bsm I Polymorphism and Osteoporosis Risk in postmenopausal women: A Meta-Analysis from 42 Studies
Authors: Liao JunLong , Qin Qiang , Zhou YongSheng , Ma RuPing , Zhou HeChao , Gu MaoRong , Feng Yunping , Wang BoYuan , Yang Ling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to quantitatively summarize the evidence for VDR BsmI gene polymorphism and osteoporosis risk in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: The PubMed, EMBASE, Weipu, CNKI, and Wanfang database were searched for eligible studies. Case-control studies containing available genotype frequencies of B/b were chosen, and Odds ratio (OR) with ­­­95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the strength of this association. Results: 4485 osteoporosis and 5490 controls were identified in our meta-analysis. In the stratified analysis, a significant association was observed between VDR BsmI gene polymorphism and osteoporosis susceptibility in Caucasians (additive model: OR=0.809, 95% CI 0.678~0.965, p=0.019, recessive model: OR=0.736, 95% CI 0.568~0.955, p=0.021, and co-dominant model: bb vs. BB OR=0.701, 95% CI 0.511~0.962 p= 0.028), and we failed to find any significant relationship in Asians. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis suggests that VDR BsmI genotype is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis in Caucasians but not in Asians. To draw comprehensive and true conclusions, further prospective studies with larger numbers of participants worldwide are needed to examine associations between VDR BsmI polymorphism and osteoporosis.
Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter in Upper Extremities Could be a Risk for Deep Vein Thrombosis in Lower Extremities and D-Dimer in Neurology Department
Authors: Liu Wanli , He Lianxiang , Zeng Wenjing , Yue Liqing , Wei Jie , Zeng Shuangshuang , Wang Xiang , Gong Zhicheng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: With the in-depth study of Peripherally Inserted Central venous Catheter (PICC) related venous thrombosis, it is found that the incidence of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) in patients with PICC in upper extremities is higher than that in patients without PICC . However, there is no explanation for this clinical phenomenon that PICC related venous thrombosis seems to have exceeded the range of PICC travel . The purpose of this study is to elucidate this association between PICC in upper extremities and LEDVT by observing the changes of D-dimer . Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adults in Neurology department who underwent Color Doppler ultrasound and D-dimer test between 1 April 2017 to 1 April 2020. We analyzed the related factors of LEDVT and the change of D-dimer value, compared the changes of D-dimer before and after PICC insertion, and evaluated the predictive value of D-dimer in patients with and without PICC. Results: ① It was found that the presence of PICC increased the risk of lower extremity venous thrombosis by 7 times (OR = 7.048 [95% CI: 4.486-11.074]; ②It was found that the presence of PICC promoted the increase of D-dimer value (OR = 5.133 [95% CI: 3.072-8.575]). ③ For patients without LEDVT, the level of D-dimer in patients with PICC was higher than that in patients without PICC (P < 0.05). ④ The level of D-dimer after PICC insertion was significantly higher than that before PICC insertion(P < 0.05). ⑤ In patients with PICC, the AUC value of D-dimer in the diagnosis of LEDVT was 0.657 (95% CI: 0.549-0.765), and the negative predictive value was 82.35%.Conclusion:PICC insertion may increase the level of D-dimer and become an important risk factor of LEDVT; For patients with PICC , D-dimer value is not suitable to rule out LEDVT.