bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Psychological Interventions on the Prevention of Sports Injuries: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shanshan , Wu Qianjin , Chen Zichao 
Published: August 2020

Background: Studies have shown that preventive psychological interventions can reduce the occurrence of sports injuries. Purpose: To systematically evaluate the published literature on the effects of psychological interventions on rates of sports injuries and propose a set of psychological interventions to reduce such injuries. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 11 randomized controlled trials and intervention control trials involving 1287 participants were included. A random-effects model was used to analyze the data. Pooled results were expressed as effect sizes and 95% CIs. Bias and heterogeneity among the studies were assessed, and sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed. Results: Meta-analysis suggested that preventive psychological interventions effectively prevented the occurrence of sports injuries (effect size = –0.55; P < .001), although the studies showed substantial heterogeneity ( I 2 = 94.2%; P < .001), which could not be attributed to specific variables. Nevertheless, sensitivity analysis suggested that overall results were reliable. No significant risk of publication bias was found. Conclusion: Preventive psychological interventions moderately reduced the risk of sports injuries. Risk screening also significantly reduced the risk of sports injuries. These interventions should focus on cognitive behavior and be administered in 1 to 6 sessions over 7 to 12 weeks for 60 minutes per session.
Views of Canadian Patients on or Nearing Dialysis and Their Caregivers: A Thematic Analysis
Authors: Barnieh Lianne , King-Shier Kathryn , Hemmelgarn Brenda , Laupacis Andreas , Manns Liam , Manns Braden 
Published: August 2020

Background: Quality of life of patients receiving dialysis has been rated as poor. Objective: To synthesize the views of Canadian patients on or nearing dialysis, and those who care for them. Design: Secondary analysis of a survey, distributed through dialysis centres, social media and the Kidney Foundation of Canada. Setting: Pan-Canadian convenience sample. Participants: Patients, their caregivers and health-care providers. Measurements: Text responses to open-ended questions on topics relevant to end-stage renal disease. Methods: Statements related to needs, beliefs or feelings were identified, and were analysed by thematic content analysis. Results: A total of 544 relevant statements from 189 respondents were included for the thematic content analysis. Four descriptive themes were identified through the content analysis: gaining knowledge, maintaining quality of life, sustaining psychosocial wellbeing and ensuring appropriate care. Respondents primarily identified a need for more information, better communication, increased psychosocial and financial support for patients and their families and a strong desire to maintain their previous lifestyle. Limitations: Convenience sample; questions were originally asked with a different intent (to identify patient-important research issues). Conclusions: Patients on or nearing dialysis and their caregivers identified four major themes, gaining knowledge, maintaining quality of life, sustaining psychosocial wellbeing and ensuring appropriate care, several of which could be addressed by the health care system without requiring significant resources. These include the development of patient materials and resources, or sharing of existing resources across Canadian renal programs, along with adopting better communication strategies. Other concerns, such as the need for increased psychosocial and financial support, require consideration by health care funders.
Normal modes analysis and surface electrostatics of haemagglutinin proteins as fingerprints for high pathogenic type A influenza viruses
Authors: Righetto Irene , Filippini Francesco 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Type A influenza viruses circulate and spread among wild birds and mostly consist of low pathogenic strains. However, fast genome variation timely results in the insurgence of high pathogenic strains, which when infecting poultry birds may cause a million deaths and strong commercial damage. More importantly, the host shift may concern these viruses and sustained human-to-human transmission may result in a dangerous pandemic outbreak. Therefore, fingerprints specific to either low or high pathogenic strains may represent a very important tool for global surveillance.

Results
We combined Normal Modes Analysis and surface electrostatic analysis of a mixed strain dataset of influenza A virus haemagglutinins from high and low pathogenic strains in order to infer specific fingerprints. Normal Modes Analysis sorted the strains in two different, homogeneous clusters; sorting was independent of clades and specific instead to high vs low pathogenicity. A deeper analysis of fluctuations and flexibility regions unveiled a special role for the 110-helix region. Specific sorting was confirmed by surface electrostatics analysis, which further allowed to focus on regions and mechanisms possibly crucial to the low-to-high transition.

Conclusions
Evidence from previous work demonstrated that changes in surface electrostatics are associated with the evolution and spreading of avian influenza A virus clades, and seemingly involved also in the avian to mammalian host shift. This work shows that a combination of electrostatics and Normal Modes Analysis can also identify fingerprints specific to high and low pathogenicity. The possibility to predict which specific mutations may result in a shift to high pathogenicity may help in surveillance and vaccine development.
Quantitative analyses of essential fatty acids in cereals and green vegetables by isotope dilution-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Lee Sunyoung , Lim Dong Kyu , Baek Song-Yee , Seo Dongwon , Park Jong-Su , Kwak Byung-Man , Won Jongeun , Lee Joonhee , Kim Byungjoo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn analytical method for the accurate determination of essential fatty acids in cereals and green vegetables is established based on isotope dilution-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (ID-GC/MS). In this approach, 13C-labeled fatty acids were added as internal standards to the samples prior to the sample preparation. Repeatability and reproducibility for the analyses of the essential fatty acids extracted from homogenized cereals and green vegetables were examined to validate the ID-GC/MS method. The repeatability and reproducibility were within 2% relative standard deviation. The developed method provides higher-order measurement results with the relative expanded uncertainties of 1–2% and 2–4% for cereals and green vegetables, respectively. Based on the fatty acid measurements, the developed ID-GC/MS method can be used as a candidate reference method for the quantitation of essential fatty acids in cereals and green vegetables. The developed method was also applied to analyze several commercially available products including cereal and vegetable powders.
Vendor effects on murine gut microbiota and its influence on lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammation and Gram-negative pneumonia
Authors: Wolff Nora S. , Jacobs Max C. , Haak Bastiaan W. , Roelofs Joris J. T. H. , de Vos Alex F. , Hugenholtz Floor , Wiersinga W. Joost 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe microbiome has emerged as an important player in the pathophysiology of a whole spectrum of diseases that affect the critically ill. We hypothesized that differences in microbiota composition across vendors can influence murine models of pulmonary lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inflammation and Gram-negative pneumonia.MethodsA multi-vendor approach was used with genetically similar mice derived from three different vendors (Janvier, Envigo, Charles River). This model was employed to study the effect on the host response to a pulmonary LPS challenge (1 μgKlebsiella pneumoniaeLPS, intranasal), as well as experimentalK. pneumoniaeinfection (ATCC43816,1 × 104CFU, intranasal).ResultsGut microbiota analysis revealed profound intervendor differences in bacterial composition as shown by beta diversity and at various taxonomic levels. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 release in lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined 6 and 24 h after intranasal treatment with LPS. No differences were found between the groups, with the exception for Envigo, showing a higher level of TNFα in lung and BALF at 6 h compared to Janvier and Charles River. In another set of experiments, mice from different vendors were subjected to a clinically relevant model of Gram-negative pneumonia (K. pneumoniae). At 12 and 36 h post-infection, no intervendor differences were found in bacterial dissemination, or TNFα and IL-6 levels in the lungs. In line, markers for organ failure did not differ between groups.ConclusionsAlthough there was a marked variation in the gut microbiota composition of mice from different vendors, the hypothesized impact on our models of pulmonary inflammation and severe pneumonia was limited. This is of significance for experimental settings, showing that differences in gut microbiota do not have to lead to differences in outcome.
Application of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) peel extract in indigo dyeing as an eco-friendly alternative reductant
Authors: Yoo Dong Il , Shin Younsook 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) peel extract as a reductant for indigo dyeing. Dried persimmon peel was water extracted and its sugar contents and functionalities were determined. Its reducing power was studied in terms of redox potential of the indigo bath and color strength (K/S value) of the ramie fabrics dyed in the indigo reduction bath. Total sugar content of the extract was 74.3%. Antioxidant capacity reached up to 86.0% at 3.5 μg/mL of the extract concentration. The persimmon peel extract had an effect on indigo reduction and the maximum color strength was obtained within one or two day. At 2–3% of the extract concentration, the redox potential of the indigo bath was maintained in the range of − 550 ~ − 600 mV for 10 days. With increase in the extract concentration, reduction state lasted for longer time and higher color strength was obtained. The persimmon peel extract can be used for indigo reduction dyeing as a sustainable, nontoxic, biodegradable alternative to sodium dithionite.
Multiple corticosteroids allergy in a patient with asthma: a case report
Authors: Mahadi Mahrunissa , Wan Ahmad Kammal Wan Syazween Lyana , Md Nor Norazirah , Jamil Adawiyah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Allergy towards systemic corticosteroid is rare. This case report discusses the investigations to confirm diagnosis and alternative treatments.

Case presentation
A 51-year-old asthmatic woman developed severe anaphylactic reaction following administration of systemic hydrocortisone. Skin prick, intradermal, and intravenous provocation tests confirmed allergy to triamcinolone, hydrocortisone, and dexamethasone. Skin prick tests (SPTs) were negative to all the aforementioned drugs. Intradermal test (IDT) with triamcinolone 1:10 concentration resulted in a 2-mm wheal associated with rhonchi. IDT with hydrocortisone 1:10 concentration showed an 8-mm wheal with rhonchi. IDTs to dexamethasone and carboxymethylcellulose were negative. Generalized rhonchi were observed with intravenous dexamethasone full concentration challenge.

Conclusions
Corticosteroid allergy should be suspected in asthma patients with worsening bronchospasm after its administration. Due to its rarity, such diagnosis can easily be missed, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality in patients.
The sacred versus the secular in UK psychiatry
Authors: Poole Rob 
Published: August 2020

SUMMARYI comment on two papers by Koenig and colleagues that advocate the integration of religion into routine psychiatric practice. In my opinion, their selective overview of research, although useful, lacks balance. It omits any mention of the literature on worldwide scandals over child sex abuse (and other abuses of power) perpetrated and facilitated by religious authority within several faith groups. There is no mention of damaging ‘religiously informed’ treatments such as sexual orientation conversion therapy, which is still practised in the UK despite widespread condemnation. Their recommendations for clinical practice conflate association with causation. They do not offer practice guidance on managing the impact of power imbalances associated with religion in multicultural societies. In summary, despite more than a decade of research and debate, there are still no generally accepted ways of avoiding boundary violations where psychiatrists introduce religion into their clinical practice.
Development and psychometric evaluation of the Transdiagnostic Decision Tool: matched care for patients with a mental disorder in need of highly specialised care
Authors: van Krugten Frédérique C. W. , van der Feltz-Cornelis Christina M. , Boeschoten Manon A. , van Broeckhuysen-Kloth Saskia A. M. , van Eck van der Sluijs Jonna F. , van Ee Elisa , van Es Saskia M. , Schoorl Maartje , Tak Lineke M. , Brouwer Werner B. F. , Hakkaart-van Roijen Leona 
Published: August 2020

Background
Early identification of patients with mental health problems in need of highly specialised care could enhance the timely provision of appropriate care and improve the clinical and cost-effectiveness of treatment strategies. Recent research on the development and psychometric evaluation of diagnosis-specific decision-support algorithms suggested that the treatment allocation of patients to highly specialised mental healthcare settings may be guided by a core set of transdiagnostic patient factors.

Aims
To develop and psychometrically evaluate a transdiagnostic decision tool to facilitate the uniform assessment of highly specialised mental healthcare need in heterogeneous patient groups.

Method
The Transdiagnostic Decision Tool was developed based on an analysis of transdiagnostic items of earlier developed diagnosis-specific decision tools. The Transdiagnostic Decision Tool was psychometrically evaluated in 505 patients with a somatic symptom disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder. Feasibility, interrater reliability, convergent validity and criterion validity were assessed. In order to evaluate convergent validity, the five-level EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and the ICEpop CAPability measure for Adults (ICECAP-A) were administered.

Results
The six-item clinician-administered Transdiagnostic Decision Tool demonstrated excellent feasibility and acceptable interrater reliability. Spearman's rank correlations between the Transdiagnostic Decision Tool and ICECAP-A (−0.335), EQ-5D-5L index (−0.386) and EQ-5D-visual analogue scale (−0.348) supported convergent validity. The area under the curve was 0.81 and a cut-off value of ≥3 was found to represent the optimal cut-off value.

Conclusions
The Transdiagnostic Decision Tool demonstrated solid psychometric properties and showed promise as a measure for the early detection of patients in need of highly specialised mental healthcare.
Second malignant neoplasms among survivors of pediatric Hodgkin disease treated with low-dose radiation (15–25.5 Gy) and chemotherapy
Authors: O'Brien M. M. , Donaldson S. S. , Whittemore A. S. , Link M. P. 
Published: August 2020

10003 Background: Second malignant neoplasms (SMN) are a known complication of Hodgkin disease (HD) treatment. While it is theorized that lower radiation doses may be associated with lower SMN risk, long-term follow-up of children treated with low-dose radiation is lacking. We report the occurrence of SMN among pediatric HD survivors treated at Stanford with chemotherapy and low-dose radiation from 1970 to 1990. Methods: Patients received 6 cycles of MOPP (mechlorethamine, vincristine, prednisone, procarbazine) with 15–25.5 Gy radiation ± 10 Gy boost or 3 MOPP and 3 ABVD cycles (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) with 15 Gy radiation ± 10 Gy boost. Follow-up was obtained through 9/1/2007. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and absolute excess risk (AER) for SMN were calculated using the SEER9 database (1973–2004). Cumulative SMN incidence was determined by the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate associations were evaluated with the chi-square test or t-test. Multivariate analysis was performed with Cox proportional hazards regression using chronological age as the time scale. Results: One hundred ten of 112 patients achieved remission; median follow-up is 20.6 years. Four patients developed secondary leukemia. Fifteen patients developed 17 secondary solid tumors (5 thyroid carcinomas, 6 breast carcinomas, 4 sarcomas, 1 bladder paraganglioma, 1 melanoma) at a median of 15.4 years. All solid tumors except the melanoma occurred within or at the margin of radiation fields, ranging in dose from 15–26.5 Gy. There were no cases of lung, gastric, or colorectal carcinoma. Cumulative incidence of any SMN is 17% (95%CI 10.5–26.7) at 20 years following HD diagnosis. The SIR for any SMN is 22.9 (95%CI 14.2–35) with an AER of 93.7 cases per 10,000 person-years. In univariate analysis, older age at HD diagnosis (>11 years) and female gender were associated with SMN (p<0.05). In multivariate analysis, there were no statistically significant associations. Conclusions: The incidence of SMN in pediatric HD survivors is elevated following treatment with chemotherapy and low-dose radiation. Sarcomas, breast, and thyroid carcinomas occurred with similar frequency and latency as found in studies of HD survivors who received high-dose radiation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Temporal trends in cause-specific late mortality among five-year survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Armstrong G. T. , Pan Z. , Ness K. , Srivastava D. , Robison L. L. 
Published: August 2020

10004 Background: Five-year survival rates for childhood cancer have increased over the past 4 decades, increasing the number of long-term survivors. Among 5-yr survivors, the impact of changes in therapy on cause-specific late mortality has not been thoroughly assessed. Methods: Late mortality was evaluated over 3 eras (1974–81, 1982–90, 1991–2000) in 26,643 5-year survivors diagnosed <21 years of age from the SEER population-based registry. Cause-specific mortality was categorized as death from recurrence/progression of primary disease, external causes, and non-recurrence/non-external causes (Non-Recur/Ext) (i.e., deaths from health conditions including sequelae of cancer therapy). Results: All-cause and Recurrence mortality was significantly lower in more recent eras ( Table ). No significant improvement in late mortality attributable to Non-Recur/Ext causes was seen. Additionally, all-cause mortality was significantly lower in more recent eras for 5-year survivors of ALL, AML, Hodgkin, NHL, and CNS tumors, but not neuroblastoma and Ewing's Sarcoma where an increase in cumulative incidence of late mortality was seen in more recent eras. Significant improvement in late mortality from Recurrence by era was seen in most diagnostic groups. Conclusions: All-cause late mortality has improved with more recent eras, attributable to reduced rates of mortality from progression of primary disease (i.e., durable remission). Importantly, however, efforts to reduce the toxicity of more recent therapies have not produced detectable reduction in mortality attributable to other health conditions including sequelae of cancer therapy (non-Recur/Ext causes of death), which would include death from second malignancy, cardiac and pulmonary conditions. Worsening late mortality for 5-year survivors of neuroblastoma and Ewing's sarcoma may be due to improved use of salvage therapies that delay, but do not ultimately prevent death. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Gender differences in long-term dexrazoxane cardioprotection in doxorubicin-treated children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Lipshultz S. E. , Scully R. E. , Lipsitz S. R. , Sallan S. E. , Silverman L. B. , Miller T. L. , Orav E. J. , Colan S. D. 
Published: August 2020

10005 Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) causes progressive cardiac dysfunction, particularly in females. Adding dexrazoxane (DZR) to DOX treatment resulted in reduced myocardial injury in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) during Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Protocol 95–01. Methods: We centrally remeasured echocardiograms from childhood high-risk ALL survivors in their first continuous remission who were randomly assigned to treatment with DOX only (n = 66; 30 mg/m2/dose for 10 doses) or DOX plus DZR 30 minutes prior (n = 68; 300 mg/m2/dose). Results: Demographics and median follow-up (DOX 5.3 vs. DZR/DOX 5.5 y) were similar in both arms. Mean left ventricle (LV) end systolic dimension (ESD) z-score was significantly larger than predicted for body-surface area for DOX (mean = 0.46, P-value [deviation of mean from normal] = 0.01) but not so for DZR/DOX (mean = 0.06, P = 0.74); DOX LV fractional shortening (FS; -0.78, P = .001; DZR/DOX = -0.38, P = 0.11) and thickness to dimension ratio (-0.96, P < .001; DZR/DOX = -0.32, P = 0.08) were also abnormal. LV end diastolic posterior wall thickness (EDPWT) was reduced in both groups, though more so for DOX (-1.19, P < .001) than DZR/DOX (-0.74, P < .001). By gender, 5 years post treatment LVESD z-score was significantly larger than normal for DOX males (mean = 0.48, P = 0.04) but not DZR/DOX males (0.19, P = 0.41) or females (DOX female = 0.38, P = 0.22; DZR/DOX female = -0.17, P = 0.56). LVFS z-score was significantly different from normal in DOX females (mean = -1.29, P < .001), but not DZR/DOX females (-0.22, P = 0.54) or males (DOX = -0.45, P = 0.15; DZR/DOX = -0.52, P = 0.09), as was LV thickness to dimension ratio (DOX female = -1.03, P < .001; DZR/DOX female = 0.02, P = 0.93). DZR/DOX females were the only group with normal LVEDPWT z-score (mean = -0.43, P = 0.07; DOX/female = -1.43, P < .001; DOX male = -1.05, P < .001; DZR/DOX male = -0.94, P < .001). Conclusions: While its impact is seen in all groups, primarily females drive the long-term DZR cardioprotective effect. DZR/DOX females exhibit more normal LV dimensions and more appropriate wall thickness for LV dimension, both of which are consistent with less LV remodeling. DZR/DOX females also have more normal LV function than females who received DOX only or males of either group. [Table: see text]