bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Senolytics prevent mt-DNA-induced inflammation and promote the survival of aged organs following transplantation
Authors: Iske Jasper , Seyda Midas , Heinbokel Timm , Maenosono Ryoichi , Minami Koichiro , Nian Yeqi , Quante Markus , Falk Christine S. , Azuma Haruhito , Martin Friederike , Passos João F. , Niemann Claus U. , Tchkonia Tamara , Kirkland James L. , Elkhal Abdallah , Tullius Stefan G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOlder organs represent an untapped potential to close the gap between demand and supply in organ transplantation but are associated with age-specific responses to injury and increased immunogenicity, thereby aggravating transplant outcomes. Here we show that cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mt-DNA) released by senescent cells accumulates with aging and augments immunogenicity. Ischemia reperfusion injury induces a systemic increase of cf-mt-DNA that promotes dendritic cell-mediated, age-specific inflammatory responses. Comparable events are observed clinically, with the levels of cf-mt-DNA elevated in older deceased organ donors, and with the isolated cf-mt-DNA capable of activating human dendritic cells. In experimental models, treatment of old donor animals with senolytics clear senescent cells and diminish cf-mt-DNA release, thereby dampening age-specific immune responses and prolonging the survival of old cardiac allografts comparable to young donor organs. Collectively, we identify accumulating cf-mt-DNA as a key factor in inflamm-aging and present senolytics as a potential approach to improve transplant outcomes and availability.
Two-photon photocurrent in InGaN/GaN nanowire intermediate band solar cells
Authors: Cheriton Ross , Sadaf Sharif M. , Robichaud Luc , Krich Jacob J. , Mi Zetian , Hinzer Karin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntermediate band solar cells hold the promise of ultrahigh power conversion efficiencies using a single semiconductor junction. Many current implementations use materials with bandgaps too small to achieve maximum efficiency or use cost-prohibitive substrates. Here we demonstrate a material system for intermediate band solar cells using InGaN/GaN quantum-dot-in-nanowire heterostructures grown directly on silicon to provide a lower cost, large-bandgap intermediate band solar cell platform. We demonstrate sequential two-photon current generation with sub-bandgap photons, the hallmark of intermediate band solar cell operation, through vertically stacked quantum dots in the nanowires. Near-infrared light biasing with an 850 nm laser intensity up to 200 W/cm2 increases the photocurrent above and below the bandgap by up to 19% at 78 K, and 44% at room temperature. The nanostructured III-nitride strategy provides a route towards realistic room temperature intermediate band solar cells while leveraging the cost benefits of silicon substrates.
Eight‐channel hybrid‐integrated laser array with 100 GHz channel spacing
Authors: Wang Mingjin , Dong Fengxin , Meng Ranzhe , Ma Pijie , Liu Jing , Wang Hailing , Wang Xueyou , Zheng Wanhua 
Published: August 2020

An eight‐channel hybrid‐integrated light source with 100 GHz channel spacing fabricated by a passive alignment technology is demonstrated. Side mode suppression ratios of better than 40 dB were obtained via grating couplers under eight‐channel simultaneous operation at a continuous wave current of 600 mA and 25°C. The surface slotted laser array fabricated by standard lithography butt‐joint with silicon photonic devices was demonstrated for the first time, to the best of the authors’ knowledge.
Modelling solar irradiance from ground-based photometric observations
Authors: Chatzistergos Theodosios , Ermolli Ilaria , Giorgi Fabrizio , Krivova Natalie A. , Puiu Cosmin Constantin 
Published: August 2020

Total solar irradiance (TSI) has been monitored from space since 1978, i.e. for about four solar cycles. The measurements show a prominent variability in phase with the solar cycle, as well as fluctuations on timescales shorter than a few days. However, the measurements were done by multiple and usually relatively short-lived missions. The different absolute calibrations of the individual instruments and the unaccounted for instrumental trends make estimates of the possible long-term trend in the TSI highly uncertain. Furthermore, both the variability and the uncertainty are strongly wavelength-dependent. While the variability in the UV irradiance is clearly in-phase with the solar cycle, the phase of the variability in the visible range has been debated. In this paper, we aim at getting an insight into the long-term trend of TSI since 1996 and the phase of the solar irradiance variations in the visible part of the spectrum. We use independent ground-based full-disc photometric observations in Ca II K and continuum from the Rome and San Fernando observatories to compute the TSI since 1996. We follow the empirical San Fernando approach based on the photometric sum index. We find a weak declining trend in the TSI of $ {-7.8}_{-0.8}^{+4.9}\times 1{0}^{-3}$ Wm−2 y−1 between the 1996 and 2008 activity minima, while between 2008 and 2019 the reconstructed TSI shows no trend to a marginally decreasing (but statistically insignificant) trend of $ {-0.1}_{-0.02}^{+0.25}\times 1{0}^{-3}$ Wm−2 y−1. The reference TSI series used for the reconstruction does not significantly affect the determined trend. The variation in the blue continuum (409.2 nm) is rather flat, while the variation in the red continuum (607.1 nm) is marginally in anti-phase, although this result is extremely sensitive to the accurate assessment of the quiet Sun level in the images. These results provide further insights into the long-term variation of the TSI. The amplitude of the variations in the visible is below the uncertainties of the processing, which prevents an assessment of the phase of the variations.
Photoangiolytische Laser in der Laryngologie
Authors: Hess Markus , Fleischer Susanne 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungMit photoangiolytischen Lasern wie dem KTP (Kalium-Titanyl-Phosphat, 532 nm Wellenlänge) -Laser oder dem neuen „blauen“ Laser (445 nm Wellenlänge) können kleinste Gefäße innerhalb der Stimmlippen unter Schonung des darüberliegenden Epithels und der Lamina propria verödet werden. Dadurch kann jetzt noch besser der Forderung Rechnung getragen werden, bei der effektiven Behandlung von pathologischen Gewebeveränderungen, wie bspw. bei Papillomen, Ödemen, Polypen, Leukoplakien, Dysplasien und ektatischen Blutgefäßen, gleichzeitig die physiologische Schwingungsfähigkeit der Stimmlippe zu bewahren. Da das Laserlicht durch feinste Glasfasern in den Kehlkopf geleitet werden kann, sind schmerzfreie Eingriffe im Behandlungsstuhl mit indirekt transnasal eingeführten flexiblen Optiken (mit Arbeitskanal) wie auch Operationen in Vollnarkose während einer Mikrolaryngoskopie möglich. Ein neuer sog. „blauer“ Laser ermöglicht zusätzlich neben der Koagulation auch das Schneiden von Gewebe, dann meist in Mikrolaryngoskopie.
Traumatic injuries to the hand and wrist in youth elite handball are most frequently localised to the thumb and proximal interphalangeal joints
Authors: Mandlik Veronika , Achenbach Leonard , Rüwe Marc , Kuhr Matthias , Fehske Kai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroduction Hand and wrist injuries have been described as the second most common severe injuries in handball. However, no evidence exists regarding the specific characteristics of these injuries. The aim of this study was to determine the injury pattern of hand and wrist injuries in youth handball.Materials and Methods Two-hundred and ninety-six adolescent elite handball players (mean age: 14.0 ± 0.8 years) completed a retrospective survey regarding their hand and wrist injuries during the previous season. The injury questionnaire was adapted from sports-specific questionnaires to the demands of hand and wrist injuries in handball and included injury location, type of injury and injury severity.Results One-hundred and twenty-three (42 %) players reported 156 injuries (0.53 injuries per season per player) to their hands or wrists in the past season. Injuries to the proximal interphalangeal joints were most frequently described (n = 74, 47 %). The thumb was involved in 46 (29 %) cases. Sprains (n = 113, 72 %) were the most common type of injury. Thirty-six percent of moderate and severe injuries (> 7 days time loss) had not been treated by a physician.Conclusions The rates of hand and wrist injuries are high in youth elite handball. Injury prevention strategies and return to competition criteria should focus on the thumb and the interphalangeal joints. Further research into these injuries is essential to identify risk factors and to develop adequate injury prevention measures.
Bewegungsdeterminanten, Erfüllung der Empfehlungen
für ausdauerorientierte Bewegung und Gesundheit: Ergebnisse einer
Korrelationsstudie aus den österreichischen
Bundesländern
Authors: Dorner Thomas Ernst , Haider Sandra , Lackinger Christian , Kapan Ali , Titze Sylvia 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Ziel dieser Analyse war es, Zusammenhänge zu
untersuchen zwischen Personen, die die ausdauerorientierten
Bewegungsempfehlungen erfüllen und dem Wissen um die
Bewegungsempfehlungen, die wahrgenommene bewegungsförderliche Kultur und
Umgebung sowie den Gesundheitszustand getrennt nach Bundesländern.
Methodik Für die Analyse wurden Daten aus dem
österreichischen Bewegungsmonitoring 2017, der österreichischen
Gesundheitsbefragung 2014, der Mortalitätsstatistik 2015, der
Fit-Sport-Austria Datenbank, der Wirtschaftskammer, dem Verkehrsministerium und
einer Online-Lauf-Plattform herangezogen. Korrelationskoeffizienten (Pearson)
verschiedener Parameter mit den Bevölkerungsanteilen, die die
ausdauerorientierten Bewegungsempfehlungen erfüllten, wurden
errechnet.
Ergebnisse Ausdauerorientierte Bewegung korrelierte signifikant mit dem
Wissen zum empfohlenen Bewegungsumfang (0,91), Angeboten in (0,87) und
subjektiver Erreichbarkeit von Sportvereinen (0,85), Erreichbarkeit von
Grünräumen (0,84), Anzahl an Sportvereinen mit zertifizierten
gesundheitsförderlichen Angeboten (0,76), und den Möglichkeiten
Laufen zu gehen (0,72). Außerdem korrelierte ausdauerorientierte
Bewegung negativ mit der altersstandardisierten kardiovaskulären
Mortalität (−0,96), der Gesamtmortalität
(−0,95), der Prävalenz von Adipositas (−0,83), der
Mortalität an ischämischen Herzerkrankungen (−0,76), der
Prävalenz chronischer Krankheiten (−0,68), sowie positiv mit der
subjektiv wahrgenommenen Gesundheit (0,79).
Schlussfolgerung Zum einen zeigten sich positive signifikante
Zusammenhänge zwischen Wissen um die Bewegungsempfehlungen, der
Infrastruktur und der bewegungsförderlichen Kultur mit dem
Bewegungsverhalten. Zum anderen korrelierte das Bewegungsverhalten mit dem
Gesundheitszustand in den jeweiligen Bundesländern. Zusätzlich
lassen sich spezifische Empfehlungen, zugeschnitten auf die einzelnen
Bundesländer, ableiten.
Radiation-Induced Brachial Plexopathy in Breast Cancer and the Role of Surgical Treatment
Authors: Kıbıcı Kenan , Erok Berrin , Atca Ali Önder 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective We aimed to evaluate improvement in the pain, motor, and sensory functions after neurosurgical intervention, by objective methods in patients with radiation-induced brachial plexopathy (RIBP), as a complication of radiotherapy (RT).
Materials and Methods In our study, 11 patients, who experienced grade 3 or 4 brachial plexopathy according to the LENT-SOMA (late effects of normal tissue—subjective, objective, management, analytic) side-effect index, as a complication of RT which was performed after being operated for breast cancer, were included. In the postoperative period pain, sensation, and motor function loss were followed.
Results There was apparent regression in the pain. The mean visual analogue scale (VAS) value decreased to 4 from the preoperative VAS value of 9.4. However, no significant improvement was observed in either sensory and motor functions.
Conclusion RIBP is a progressive disease in breast cancer patients after radiotherapy. Evaluation of the results of applied surgical treatments and changes in the results with time is important to direct the treatment. Neurolysis should only be considered when other treatment methods fail and should be considered as an irreversible and potentially permanent procedure.
Prostatitis crónica: Aporte del contraste endovenoso en fase tardía para su caracterización en resonancia magnética multiparamétrica de próstata
Authors: Aineseder Martina , López Grove Roy , Pietrani Marcelo Andrés , Ocantos Jorge Alberto 
Published: August 2020

Resumen
Objetivo El objetivo de este estudio es demostrar la utilidad de una secuencia tardía post-contraste en la resonancia magnética multiparamétrica de próstata (RMMP) para caracterizar lesiones PI-RADS II.
Materiales y métodos Se analizaron en forma retrospectiva las RMMP realizadas entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2016. El protocolo de la RMMP fue basado en las recomendaciones del PI-RADS versión 2, y se agregó una adquisición tardía luego del dinámico post-contraste. Los reportes fueron revisados bajo la versión 2.1.
Resultados Se seleccionaron 31 pacientes que presentaron lesiones categorizadas como PI-RADS II en la zona periférica, los cuales se encontraban en seguimiento del antígeno prostático específico y presentaron confirmación histológica de prostatitis crónica. Se evidenció un realce tardío de la lesión en todos los pacientes. Según los resultados histopatológicos, 30 presentaban prostatitis crónica y el restante tejido benigno (tejido fibromuscular).
Discusión La prostatitis crónica no muestra realce temprano, y presenta realce tardío debido al tejido conectivo fibroso que la compone. En la RMMP, la prostatitis puede imitar el cáncer de próstata. Agregar una adquisición tardía solo adiciona 150 segundos al estudio y podría ayudar a resolver aquellos casos inciertos categorizados como PI-RADS III empleando las secuencias convencionales, debido a que el realce tardío de la lesión es altamente sugestivo de un proceso inflamatorio (PI-RADS II).
Conclusión La presencia de realce tardío es una herramienta útil para realizar un adecuado diagnóstico de una lesión PI-RADS II en la zona periférica, pudiendo evitar una biopsia innecesaria.
Revisión de la clasificación de Hinchey (diverticulitis) y su correlación terapéutica
Authors: Roccatagliata Nicolás Daniel , Rodríguez Leidy Diana , Guardo Lizeth , Larrañaga Victor Nebil , Espil Germán , Vallejos Javier 
Published: August 2020

ResumenLa diverticulosis es una entidad que predomina en países occidentales. Su prevalencia aumenta con la edad, presentándose en aproximadamente el 80% de la población mayor de 85 años. Los divertículos colónicos adquiridos son herniaciones saculares de la mucosa y submucosa (pseudodivertículos) y predominan en sigma, en países occidentales; los congénitos poseen las tres capas parietales (divertículos verdaderos) y predominan en colon derecho, en países asiáticos. Aproximadamente un 10%-25% de dichos pacientes con diverticulosis presentarán a lo largo de su vida un cuadro de diverticulitis aguda, representando una de las causas más frecuentes de abdomen agudo (3,8%).Clínicamente, se expresa por dolor abdominal en fosa ilíaca izquierda (excepción en dolicosigma/divertículos congénitos derechos) y pueden presentar complicaciones como flemones, abscesos, pileflebitis, peritonitis, con consiguiente riesgo de vida.La tomografía computada (TC) permite el diagnóstico oportuno, identificación de complicaciones y planificación terapéutica. A dicho fin se establecieron diferentes clasificaciones y modificaciones, siendo la más reconocida la propuesta por Hinchey (modificada por Wasvary y col., Kaiser y col.) y otras estableciendo correlaciones con el tratamiento, como la propuesta por Sartelli y col.El objetivo del presente estudio es realizar una revisión iconográfica de esta última (Sartelli y col.) y evaluar sus implicancias terapéuticas.
Pediatric Surgery during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An International Survey of Current Practice
Authors: Nasher Omar , Sutcliffe Jonathan Richard , Stewart Richard James 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction Understanding the challenges experienced by pediatric surgeons in the early phases of the pandemic may help identify key issues and focus research.
Materials and Methods Two pediatric surgeons from each of the 10 countries most affected by COVID-19 were surveyed over a 10-day period. Data were obtained regarding service provision, infection control, specific surgical conditions, and the surgical workforce.
Results Twenty pediatric surgeons responded. All centers had postponed non-emergency surgery and clinics for nonurgent conditions with virtual consultations being undertaken in 90% of centers. A majority (65%) of centers had not yet knowingly operated on a positive patient. Minimal access surgery was performed in 75% centers but a further 75% had reduced or stopped upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The management of simple appendicitis was unchanged in 70% centers, patients with intussusception were being referred for radiological reduction in all centers and definitive pull-through surgery for Hirschsprung patients was performed by 95% where washouts were successful. Timing of surgery for reducible neonatal inguinal hernias had changed in 55% of centers and the management of urgent feeding gastrostomy referrals and of inflammatory bowel disease patients failing with biological therapy varied considerably.
Conclusion Service provision has been severely affected by COVID-19 leading to an inevitable increase in untreated surgical pathology. Better understanding of extrapulmonary infectivity, the risk of asymptomatic carriage in children, and the reliability of testing for surgical scenarios may allow appropriate use of conventional surgery, including laparoscopy and endoscopy, and rational development of the novel care pathways needed during the pandemic.
Driving Factors of Preterm Birth Risk in Adolescents
Authors: Perez Marta J. , Chang Jen J. , Temming Lorene A. , Carter Ebony B. , López Julia D. , Tuuli Methodius G. , Macones George A. , Stout Molly J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjective We examined rates of spontaneous and indicated preterm births (S-PTB and I-PTB, respectively) and clinical risk factors for PTB in adolescents.Study Design This is a population-based, retrospective cohort using 2012 U.S. natality data of nulliparous women who delivered a nonanomalous singleton birth between 20 and 42 weeks' gestation. Maternal age included <16, 16 to 19.9, and ≥20 years. Rates of total, S-PTB, and I-PTB were compared across age groups. Multinomial logistic regression tested clinical risk factors for S-PTB.Results In 1,342,776 pregnancies, adolescents were at higher risk for PTB than adults. The rate of total PTB was highest in young adolescents at 10.6%, decreased to 8.3% in older adolescents, and 7.8% in adults. The proportion of S-PTB was highest in the youngest adolescents and decreased toward adulthood; the proportion of I-PTB remained stable across age groups. Risk factors for S-PTB in adolescents included Asian race, underweight body mass index (BMI), and poor gestational weight gain (GWG). In all age groups, carrying a male fetus showed a significant increased S-PTB, and Women, Infants, and Children's (WIC) participation was associated with a significantly decreased risk.Conclusion The higher risk for PTB in adolescents is driven by an increased risk for S-PTB. Low BMI and poor GWG may be potentially modifiable risk factors.Condensation Adolescents have a higher risk for spontaneous PTB than adult women, and risk factors for spontaneous PTB may differ in adolescents.
The Neurological Aspects of COVID-19: Do Women Respond Differently?
Authors: Takkar Aastha , Singla Monika 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNeurovirulence of Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was established soon after the Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic broke. While the initial reports from Chinese cohorts suggested that around 8 to 36% patients of COVID-19 develop neurological complications, upcoming literature revealed the various neurological presentations this newly emergent virus could have. Data on neurological manifestations of COVID-19 is still accumulating. Despite an immense flooding of recent databases, gender-specific issues of this novel virus still remain elusive. Increased mortality has been noted in elderly male patients, and immediate risk of death is a major concern. As per the available literature, women are more likely to recover from the virus, but little is described about the medical and social repercussions. Gender-based analysis should help delineate specific problems in women in the rapidly changing scenario. This article discusses the relevant neurological aspects of COVID-19 with specific reference to women.
Developing a population-state decision system for intelligently reprogramming extracellular electron transfer in
Shewanella oneidensis
Authors: Li Feng-He , Tang Qiang , Fan Yang-Yang , Li Yang , Li Jie , Wu Jing-Hang , Luo Chen-Fei , Sun Hong , Li Wen-Wei , Yu Han-Qing 
Published: August 2020

Significance
The dynamic optimization of the cellular resource allocation of microbes can efficiently enhance their microbial extracellular electron transfer output. Therefore, we develop a quorum sensing-based system to intelligently reprogram the extracellular electron transfer output upon the population state. This system is able to autonomously shift the dominant metabolic flux from the initial microbial growth to the later extracellular electron transfer enhancement. By incorporating the extracellular electron transfer network, this system achieves significant improvements in extracellular electron transfer output and pollutant reduction capability. This work provides a powerful approach to intelligently manage microbial extracellular electron transfer for improved environmental applications and may serve as a feasible and effective tool for the development of smart bioelectrical devices.
The backstories of Cold War translations
Authors: Elias-Bursać Ellen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Ideological expectations coupled with opportunism, personal advancement, friendship, and the political and ideological
loyalties held by those who served as patrons for publishing translations were the factors that informed decisions about what would be
translated in the Cold War years between 1945 and 1989. This article considers the choices made by publishers Frederick A. Praeger, Harcourt
Brace Jovanovich, and Vanguard Press when publishing the fiction and non-fiction of Milovan Djilas and Miroslav Krleža, writers from Yugoslavia.
The backstories behind the publishing of the translations lie at the intersection of the public and private spheres of culture, and
demonstrate how ideological agendas interlace with personal bonds, loyalties, aspirations, and ambitions.
The Increasing Accumulation of Pb Content in Marine Waters
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Lin Dong , Zhu Hong , Yuan Xianpeng , Li Haixia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Based on the investigation data of waters in Jiaozhou Bay in May, August and October, 1992, Pb content and horizontal distribution at surface waters in Jiaozhou Bay were studied in this paper. The results showed that the range of Pb content in Jiaozhou Bay was 3.87-37.90 μg/L corresponding to Class II, III and IV in accordance with Sea Water Quality Standard. It illustrated that in terms of Pb content in May, August and October, the entire waters in Jiaozhou Bay experienced low, medium and high pollution. The Pb content in Jiaozhou Bay was transported in four ways - ships and wharf, overland runoff, rivers and open ocean current, which was 16.34 μg/L, 14.85 μg/L, 13.25-37.90 μg/L and 13.25-37.53 μg/L respectively, shown in model diagrams. The transfer process of Pb content from the sources to the destinations was depicted in this paper to prove that Pb content causes pollution to the environment and ecology during temporal and spatial transfer.