bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drebrin Autoantibodies in Patients with Seizures and Suspected Encephalitis
Authors: Pitsch Julika , Kamalizade Delara , Braun Anna , Kuehn Julia C. , Gulakova Polina E. , Rüber Theodor , Lubec Gert , Dietrich Dirk , von Wrede Randi , Helmstaedter Christoph , Surges Rainer , Elger Christian E. , Hattingen Elke , Vatter Hartmut , Schoch Susanne , Becker Albert J. 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveAssess occurrence of the dendritic spine scaffolding protein Drebrin as a pathophysiologically relevant autoantibody target in patients with recurrent seizures and suspected encephalitis as leading symptoms.MethodsSera of 4 patients with adult onset epilepsy and suspected encephalitis of unresolved etiology and equivalent results in autoantibody screening were subjected to epitope identification. We combined a wide array of approaches, ranging from immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, subcellular binding pattern analyses in primary neuronal cultures, and immunohistochemistry in brains of wild‐type and Drebrin knockout mice to in vitro analyses of impaired synapse formation, morphology, and aberrant neuronal excitability by antibody exposure.ResultsIn the serum of a patient with adult onset epilepsy and suspected encephalitis, a strong signal at ∼70kDa was detected by immunoblotting, for which mass spectrometry revealed Drebrin as the putative antigen. Three other patients whose sera also showed strong immunoreactivity around 70kDa on Western blotting were also anti‐Drebrin‐positive. Seizures, memory impairment, and increased protein content in cerebrospinal fluid occurred in anti‐Drebrin‐seropositive patients. Alterations in cerebral magnetic resonance imaging comprised amygdalohippocampal T2‐signal increase and hippocampal sclerosis. Diagnostic biopsy revealed T‐lymphocytic encephalitis in an anti‐Drebrin‐seropositive patient. Exposure of primary hippocampal neurons to anti‐Drebrin autoantibodies resulted in aberrant synapse composition and Drebrin distribution as well as increased spike rates and the emergence of burst discharges reflecting network hyperexcitability.InterpretationAnti‐Drebrin autoantibodies define a chronic syndrome of recurrent seizures and neuropsychiatric impairment as well as inflammation of limbic and occasionally cortical structures. Immunosuppressant therapies should be considered in this disorder. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:869–884
Two‐Dimensional Conjugated Polymer Synthesized by Interfacial Suzuki Reaction: Towards Electronic Device Applications
Authors: Li Chenguang , Wang Yongshuai , Zou Ye , Zhang Xiaotao , Dong Huanli , Hu Wenping 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPreparing two‐dimensional conjugated polymers (2DCPs) with desirable structures and semiconducting properties is promising but remains a great challenge. Presented here is a new 2DCP, named 2D polytriethyltriindole (2DPTTI), which is efficiently synthesized by a modified interfacial Suzuki reaction from 2,7,12‐tribromo‐5,10,15‐triethyltriindole (2‐BrTTI) and 1,4‐benzenediboronic acid dipinacol ester (BADE) precursors at room temperature. Wafer‐scale free‐standing 2DPTTI films with controllable thicknesses between 2.5 and 46.0 nm were obtained by adjusting the experimental conditions. The resulting 2DPTTI films, used as an active layer in organic field effect transistors (OFETs), exhibited typical p‐type semiconducting properties and superior UV optoelectronic performance with a photosensitivity of 3.7×103 and responsivity of 1.4×103 A W−1, as well as a light‐blue fluorescence character. This report provides a general approach for constructing various semiconducting 2DCPs, by an interfacial Suzuki reaction, towards multifunctional organic electronics.
Opening up the Valence Shell: A T‐Shaped Iron(I) Metalloradical and Its Potential for Atom Abstraction
Authors: Ott Jonas C. , Wadepohl Hubert , Gade Lutz H. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA thermally stable, T‐shaped, d7 high‐spin iron(I) complex was obtained by reduction of a PNP‐supported ferrous chloride. Paramagnetic NMR spectroscopy combined with DFT modeling was used to analyze the electronic structure of the coordinatively highly unsaturated complex. The metalloradical character of the compound was demonstrated by the formation of a benzophenone ketyl radical complex upon addition of benzophenone. Furthermore, the compound displays a rich chemistry as an oxygen‐atom abstractor from epoxides, yielding a dinuclear, diferrous [Fe2O] complex.
Anticancer activity of lanthanum (III) and europium (III) 5‐fluorouracil complexes on Caco‐2 cell line
Authors: Abo El‐Maali Nagwa , Wahman Asmaa Y. , Aly Aref A.M. , Nassar Ahmed Y. , Sayed Douaa M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLanthanide complexes are of increasing importance in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In the present study 1:1 and 1:3 solid complexes of La (III)–5‐FU (5‐fluorouracil) were prepared and characterized. In solution, the formation of 1:1 La (III) and Eu (III) complexes enabled the enhancement of 5‐FU's effectiveness. Binding constants of the 1:1 complexes of both metals were estimated using spectrophotometry and HPLC with fluorescence detection methods. The thermodynamic parameters ΔG°, ΔH°and ΔS°were calculated using differential scanning calorimetry. Evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of the 1:1 La (III)‐ and Eu (III)–5‐FU complexes was performed through two methodologies, trypan blue for cell viability where La (III)‐ and Eu (III)–5‐FU complexes were found to have 52,000 and 80,000 dead cells, respectively, and via flow cytometric analysis to measure the apoptotic values, which were found to be 59.87 and 86.86% respectively.
Gas fuel production derived from pine sawdust pyrolysis catalyzed on alumina
Authors: Liu Peng , Wang Yue , Zhou Zhengzhong , Yuan Haoran , Zheng Tao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPyrolysis gas release behaviour, including hydrogen, CH4, CO and CO2 from pine pyrolysis, is collected from fixed bed reactor and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Pyrolysis tar composition is monitored using GC coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC–MS). The gas generation mechanism of catalytic pyrolysis on alumina is elaborated. The carbon structure of char is quantitatively determined by carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C‐NMR) using curve‐fitting methods. The results show influence of alumina on gas fuel production is mainly embodied in absorption and catalytic effect. Steam reforming reaction to gas fuel is accelerated with alumina added during pine pyrolysis. Alumina addition accelerates the decomposition of carbonate and side chains of aromatic ring in lignin below 500°C and prolong the residence time of second pyrolysis. The CH4 release rate reaches to peak value at 500°C during pyrolysis. The H2 increases from 98.95 to 120.19 ml/g with mass ratio of 1/4 (alumina/pine). The CO release rate has a certain increment with the alumina added. These data are the foundation for putting forward a new direction for the reuse of organic and industrial solid wastes enriched with alumina to achieve the goal on energy regeneration.
Partial substitution of nitrocellulose by polyurethane resins in flexographic ink concentrates
Authors: Apolinário Leonardo D. , Colonetti Emerson , Cercená Rodrigo , da Silveira Santos Fabiano , Cargnin Maykon , Dal‐Bó Alexandre G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe properties of flexographic inks obtained by the partial replacement of nitrocellulose (NC) resin with different amounts of polyurethane (PU) resins were evaluated for the statistical planning of mixtures to develop an optimum ink formulation. The formulations were developed using a statistical tool and they were found to present properties predicted by the tool. The results indicate that the substitution of the NC resin with PU resins leads to increased resistance of the ink film to delamination. The system obtained with the partial substitution of NC with PU has higher lamination bond strength than the pure NC‐based system. The ink films of the formulations NC‐based and NC/PU‐based were evaluated by spectroscopy UV–vis, both inks have similar transparency of greater than 95% above 575 nm. When exposed to water, milk, and UV light, ink surfaces showed similar behavior in the atomic force microscope, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and UV–vis analysis. However, ink formulations with higher PU contents underwent higher photodegradation. Other properties such as the viscosity ink, gloss, coating strength, color, adhesion, and blocking of the NC/PU‐based ink film did not vary significantly when compared to those of the standard ink produced exclusively with NC resin.
Poly(ethylene glycol)‐interpenetrated genipin‐crosslinked chitosan hydrogels: Structure, pH responsiveness, gelation kinetics, and rheology
Authors: Vo Nga T. N. , Huang Lei , Lemos Henrique , Mellor Andrew , Novakovic Katarina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the development of pH‐responsive chitosan‐based hydrogels, achieving reproducible porosity and swelling behavior is essential for the design of hydrogel networks. Herein, we enhance the level of control in hydrogel microarchitecture by incorporating poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) into the chitosan–genipin matrix. Hydrogels, varied in composition, were synthesized under mild conditions (37°C, 1 atm, 24 hr), yielding microporous structures with a pore diameter ranging from 11 to 57 μm and an average cross‐sectional porosity of approximately 40–64%. Compared to chitosan–genipin hydrogels without PEG, presence of PEG in concentrations up to 1.9 mM generated the same effect as would increase in genipin content, yielding structures with a smaller pore diameter, a lower swelling degree in pH 2 buffer and a higher elastic modulus. Considering cost effectiveness and scale‐up, reducing genipin content by the addition of PEG is favorable. Importantly, hydrogel samples containing higher concentrations of PEG (2.9 mM and above) showed a sudden increase in the swelling degree accompanied with a decrease in the elastic modulus. Findings showcase the potential variation in the composition of these hydrogels has in yielding scaffolds with significantly different physico‐chemical behaviors.
Robot‐assisted laparoscopic augmentation ileocystoplasty and Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy in children: Step‐by‐step and modifications to UChicago technique
Authors: Adamic Brittany , Kirkire Lakshmi , Andolfi Ciro , Labbate Craig , Aizen Joshua , Gundeti Mohan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the step‐by‐step techniques and modifications for robot‐assisted augmentation ileocystoplasty and Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy in a pediatric population with updated institutional results.IntroductionRobot‐assisted laparoscopic augmentation ileocystoplasty with Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy (RALIMA) protects the upper urinary tract and reestablishes continence in patients with refractory neurogenic bladder. Robotic assistance could provide the benefits of minimally invasive surgery without the challenges of pure laparoscopy. Here, we focus on the outcomes of RALIMA with salient tips and modifications of the technique.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of our robotic database and identified 24 patients who underwent attempted robot‐assisted laparoscopic augmentation ileocystoplasty (RALI) between 2008 and 2017 by a single surgeon at an academic center. Outcomes of interest included operative time, hospitalization time, postoperative complications, and change in bladder capacity. RALI and all concomitant procedures were performed using the da Vinci® surgical system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).ResultsOf 24 patients, 20 successfully underwent RALI. Eighty percent underwent concomitant appendicovesicostomy (APV), 40% underwent antegrade continence enema channel formation (ACE), and 30% underwent a bladder neck procedure. Mean operative time was 573 minutes and the most recent RALIMA was 360 minutes. The average return to regular diet was 3.9 days and length of stay was 6.9 days. Mean change in bladder capacity was 244% postoperatively. Thirty‐day complications were noted in 35% of patients; one Clavian grade I (5%) complication, five grade II (25%) complications, and one grade IIIb (5%) complication. With a median follow‐up of 83.1 months we note a 25% incidence of bladder stones, 15% upper tract stones, 5% incidence of bladder rupture, and 5% small bowel obstruction. No patients required re‐augmentation in the follow‐up period.ConclusionsRALI has similar functional outcomes and complications when compared with the open augmentation ileocystoplasty literature. RALI is desirable due to favorable pain control with decreased length of stay. Long‐term outcomes after RALI are similar to the open approach. As the operative time is currently the largest point of criticism with the robotic approach, we discuss modifications to decrease the operative time.
Luminescence study on Mn,Ni co‐doped zinc sulfide nanocrystals
Authors: Lahariya Vikas , Ramrakhiani Meera 
Published: March 2020

AbstractZinc sulfide (ZnS) doped with transition metal has been used as phosphor for various optoelectronic applications. In the present report, ZnS:Mn doped and ZnS:Mn,Ni co‐doped were prepared using chemical co‐precipitation method using polyvinyl pyrolidone as a surfactant. The structural studies were carried out using an X‐ray diffraction technique; optical studies have been performed using ultraviolet–visible light absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The presences of functional groups were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The X‐ray diffraction study and Reitveld analysis confirms the formation of cubic phase with crystalline size 2–3 nm for undoped and doped ZnS nanoparticles. A novel and enhanced luminescence characteristic have been observed in PL spectra. The luminescence intensity of Mn,Ni co‐doped ZnS in the blue region is much higher of that of ZnS. The PL results indicate that the doping of Ni creates shallow trap states or luminescence centres in the forbidden energy gap, which quenches the Mn states emission. Concentration quenching has been observed in Mn‐doped ZnS nanoparticles. From CIE coordinates, it is seen that the yellow and blue light emission of ZnS:Mn,Ni co‐doped nanophosphor may be a promising candidate for display devices and phosphor converted light‐emitting diode applications.
Overexpression of Transcription Factor ZNF1 of Glycolysis Improves Bioethanol Productivity under High Glucose Concentration and Enhances Acetic Acid Tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Songdech Pattanan , Ruchala Justyna , Semkiv Marta V. , Jensen Laran T. , Sibirny Andriy , Ratanakhanokchai Khanok , Soontorngun Nitnipa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSaccharomyces cerevisiae offers an attractive platform for synthesis of biofuels and biochemical; however, robust strains that can withstand high substrate concentration and fermentation conditions are required. To improve the yield and productivity of bioethanol, modification of glucose metabolism and cellular stress adaptation is investigated. Specifically, the role of Znf1 transcription factor in metabolic regulation of glucose is characterized. Here, Znf1 is first shown to activate key genes in glycolysis, pyruvate metabolism, and alcoholic fermentation when glucose is provided as the sole carbon source. Under conditions of high glucose (20 g L−1), overexpression of ZNF1 accelerated glucose consumption with only 0.67–0.80% of glucose remaining after 24 or 36 h of fermentation. Importantly, ZNF1 overexpression increases ethanol concentrations by 14–24% and achieves a maximum ethanol concentration of 76.12–88.60 g L−1. Ethanol productivity is increased 3.17–3.69 in strains overexpressing ZNF1 compared to 2.42–3.35 and 2.94–3.50 for the znf1Δ and wild‐type strains, respectively. Moreover, strains overexpressing ZNF1 also display enhanced tolerance to osmotic and weak‐acid stresses, important trait in alcoholic fermentation. Overexpresssion of key transcriptional activators of genes in glycolysis and stress responses appears to be an effective strategy to improve bioethanol productivity and enhance strain robustness.
Morphological variations of the human talus investigated using three‐dimensional geometric morphometrics
Authors: Nozaki Shuhei , Watanabe Kota , Kamiya Tomoaki , Katayose Masaki , Ogihara Naomichi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe shape of the talus determines the positional and kinematic features of the subtalar, talonavicular, and talocrural joints during walking. Thus, detailed knowledge of the pattern of sexual dimorphism of the human talus may be useful for revealing the pathogenetic mechanism of foot and knee disorders, which are more prevalent in females. The aim of this study was to characterize and visualize the three‐dimensional shape variations of the talus in relation to sex and age using geometric morphometrics.Materials and methodsComputed tomography images of 56 feet without talar injuries or disorders were used in this study. Thirty‐seven anatomical landmarks were identified on a bone model of the talus to calculate principal components (PCs) of shape variations among specimens. PC scores were compared between sexes, and their correlations with age were also investigated.ResultsThe female talus had a longer neck and narrower head width than the male talus. The superior trochlea was tilted more laterally in the frontal plane in females. Furthermore, the female talar head was more twisted and was more elongated in the dorsoplantar direction.ConclusionsMorphological features of the talus in females could alter the subtalar and talonavicular joint kinematics during walking and could be a structural factor in the pathogenetic mechanism underlying foot and knee disorders. This study contributes to the comprehensive understanding of shape variations in the human talus.
Tortuosity of superior cerebral veins: Comparative magnetic resonance imaging morphometrics in normal subjects and arteriovenous malformation patients
Authors: Telischak Nicholas A. , Yedavalli Vivek , Massoud Tarik F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBlood vessel tortuosity results from increased diameter and length in response to higher hemodynamic loads. Tortuosity metrics have not been determined for abnormal superior cerebral veins (SCVs) draining cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Draining vein (DV) tortuosity may influence safety and efficacy of retrograde microcatheter navigation during transvenous treatment of pial AVMs. Here, we quantify SCV tortuosity in normal subjects and AVM patients using two image segmentation methods. We used contrast‐enhanced brain magnetic resonance (MR) images to define the axis of each SCV through a regularly spaced set of three‐dimensional (3D) points defining its skeleton curve. We then calculated two metrics: the “sum of angles metric” (SOAM), which adds all angles of curvature along a vessel and normalizes by vessel length, and the “distance metric” (DM), a tortuosity measure providing a ratio of vessel length to linear distance between vessel endpoints. We analyzed 168 metrics in 43 veins of eight normal subjects and 41 veins of seven AVM patients. In normal subjects, the mean SOAM and DM for SCVs were 21.34 ± 7.49 °/mm and 1.42 ± 0.25, respectively. In AVM patients, DVs had a significantly higher mean SOAM of 30.43 ± 11.38 °/mm (p = .02) and DM of 2.79 ± 1.77 (p = .01) than normal subjects. In AVM patients, DVs were significantly more tortuous than matched contralateral uninvolved SCVs, which were similar in tortuosity to normal subject SCVs. We thus report normative tortuosity metrics of brain SCVs and show that AVM cortical DVs are significantly more tortuous than normal SCVs. Knowledge of these comparative tortuosities is valuable in planning endovenous AVM embolotherapies.
Socioeconomic disparity trends in diagnostic imaging, treatments, and survival for non‐small cell lung cancer 2007‐2016
Authors: Shah Monica , Parmar Ambica , Chan Kelvin K. W. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSocioeconomic status (SES) has led to treatment and survival disparities; however, limited data exist for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study investigates the impact of SES on NSCLC diagnostic imaging, treatment, and overall survival (OS), and describes temporal disparity trends. The Ontario Cancer Registry was used to identify NSCLC patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2016. Through linkage to administrative datasets, patients’ demographics, imaging, treatment, and survival were obtained. Based on median household neighborhood income, the Ontario population was divided into five income quintiles (Q1‐Q5; Q1 = lowest income). Multivariable regressions assessed SES association with OS, imaging, treatment receipt, and treatment delay, and their interaction with year of diagnosis to understand temporal trends. Endpoints were adjusted for demographics, stage and comorbidities, along with treatments and imaging for OS. A total of 50 542 patients were identified. Higher SES patients (Q5 vs. Q1) showed improved 5‐year OS (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87‐0.92; P < .0001) and underwent greater magnetic resonance imaging head (stages IA‐IV; odds ratio [OR], 1.24; 95% CI, 1.16‐1.32; P < .0001), lung resection (IA‐IIIA; OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.43‐1.74; P < .0001), platinum‐based vinorelbine adjuvant chemotherapy (IB‐IIIA; OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.39‐1.92; P < .0001), palliative radiation (IV; OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05‐1.25; P = .023), and intravenous chemotherapy (IV; OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.32‐1.60; P < .0001). Lower SES patients underwent greater thoracic radiation (IA‐IIIB; OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.79‐0.94; P = .0003). Across 2007‐2016, socioeconomic disparities remain largely unchanged (interaction P > .05) despite widening income inequality.