bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-cell RNA-sequencing Unravels Heterogeneity of Cardiomyocytes and Signaling Pathways in Pressure Overload
Authors: Zou Rongjun , Shi Wanting , Zou Minghui , Chen Weidan , Li Wenlei , Zhou Na , Chen Liping , Ma Li , Chen Xinxin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

This study aimed to unravel the heterogeneity of cardiomyocytes and probed out hub genes and hub pathways for cardiac hypertrophy based on transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse models using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).
Methods

scRNA-seq data of TAC mouse models were retrieved from the GSE95140 dataset. After filtering, cell clusters were detected using scRNA-seq data, followed by identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, functional enrichment analysis of DEGs was presented. GSVA scores of hub pathways were calculated. After that, hub genes were detected by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and expression association analysis. Cell subtypes were clustered using UMAP and the expression patterns of hub genes across different cell subtypes and different stages of cardiac hypertrophy were visualized. Finally, hub genes and hub pathways were verified using the GSE76 and GSE36074 datasets.
Results

Following data filtering and normalization, 3408 DEGs were identified between TAC and sham operation. As shown functional enrichment analysis, hub pathways were identified including cardiac hypertrophy, ion transport, myocardial remodeling, apoptosis, HIF pathway and metabolise. Eight hub genes (Vldlr, Ugp2, Tgm2, Pygm, Flnc, Ctsd, Clu and Atp1b1) with the highest degree in the PPI network and the strongest correlation with GSVA calculated score of hub pathways were identified for cardiac hypertrophy. Six cell subtypes were clustered, composed of fibroblast, CM-A, CM-V, trabecular CM and endothelial cell. There was a distinct heterogeneity in the expression patterns of hub genes and the GSVA scores of hub pathways across different cell clusters and different stages of cardiac hypertrophy. The hub genes and hub pathways were externally verified by the two independent datasets.
Conclusion

Our findings identified hub genes and hub pathways for cardiac hypertrophy, which had a distinct heterogeneity across different cell clusters and different stages of cardiac hypertrophy.
Magnetic Resonance-Compatible Arm-Crank Ergometry: A New Platform Linking Whole-Body Calorimetry to Upper-Extremity Biomechanics and Arm Muscle Metabolism
Authors: Vegter Riemer JK , Brink Sebastiaan van den , Mouton Leonora J , Sibeijn-Kuiper Anita , Woude Lucas H.V. van der , Jeneson Jeroen A.L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Evaluation of the effect of human upper body training regimens may benefit from knowledge of local energy expenditure in arm muscles. To that end, we developed a novel asynchronous arm-crank ergometry platform for use in a clinical magnetic resonance (MR) scanner with 31P spectroscopy capability to study arm muscle energetics. The utility of the platform was tested in an investigation of the impact of daily practice on the energetic efficiency of execution of an arm-cranking task (ACT) in healthy subjects. Results: We recorded the first ever in vivo 31P MR spectra from the human biceps bracii muscle during ACT execution pre- and post-three weeks of daily practice bouts, respectively. Complementary datasets on whole body oxygen consumption, arm muscle electrical activity, arm-force and power output, respectively, were obtained in the mock-up scanner. The mean gross mechanical efficiency of execution of the ACT significantly increased 1.5-fold from 5.7 ± 1.2% to 8.6 ± 1.7% (P<0.05) after training, respectively. However, in only one subject this improvement was associated with recruitment of strictly oxidative motor units in the working biceps muscle. In all other subjects, biceps pH fell below 6.8 during exercise indicating recruitment of anaerobic motor units, the magnitude of which was either unaffected (two subjects) or even increased (two subjects) post-training. Surface electromyography and mechanical force recordings revealed that individuals employed various arm muscle recruitment strategies, using either predominantly elbow flexor muscles (two subjects), elbow extensor muscles (one subject,) or a combination of the two (two subjects), respectively. Three weeks of training improved muscle coordination but did not alter individual strategies. Conclusions: The new platform has produced the first ever in vivo dynamic data on human biceps energy and pH balance during upper body exercise. It allows evaluation of cyclic motor performance and outcomes of upper-body training regimens in healthy novices by integrating these new measurements with whole body calorimetry, surface electromyography and biomechanical measurements. This methodology may be equally valid for lower-limb impaired athletes, wheelchair users and patients with debilitating muscle disease.
Implementing Evidence Into Everyday Practice: Midwifery Leaders’ Views About What Helps and Hinders Clinical Innovation.
Authors: Leo Annemarie De , Bayes Sara , Bloxome Dianne , Butt Janice , Geraghty Sadie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDespite the ongoing production of new scientific evidence in the field of maternity care, midwives continue to face challenges when translating latest evidence into evidence-informed care, and report uncertainty in both knowledge and confidence to implement sustained evidence-based change in clinical areas. This study aimed toexplore midwifery leaders’ views on what factors help or hinder midwives’ efforts to implement evidence-based practices, and test the usability of the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour model and Transtheoretical Domains Framework to analyse the barriers and facilitators of evidence-based change.MethodsThis qualitative study formed part of a larger Participatory Action Research (PAR) project designed to improve the processes by which midwives implement evidence-based practice change in clinical areas. Data were obtained by a nominal group workshop and individual face-to-face interviews between July – September 2019. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the transcribed data, which were then coded and categorised into meaningful themes.ResultsOne overarching core finding emerged from four major categories to fulfil the aim of this study: Fear can stop change and midwives lack the confidence and time to implement new evidence-based practices, however having high level midwives in leadership roles is a huge advantage.ConclusionThis study confirms what is known about the hinderances and helpers of translating latest evidence into everyday practice, and provides valuable insight into the usability of behavioural theories and context assessment tools to both diagnose and develop intervention strategies applicable to midwives initiating evidence-based practice change in clinical areas.
Prioritizing delivery of cancer treatment during a COVID19 lockdown - the experience of a clinical oncology service in India
Authors: Mallick Indranil , Chakraborty Santam , Baral Shweta , Saha Saheli , Lal Vishnu H , Sasidharan Rohit , Chhatbar Samarth , Bhushal Subecha , Goyal Love , Maulik Shaurav , Phesao Vezokhoto , Arora Siddharth , Mahata Anurupa , Prasath Sriram , Arun B , Mandal Samar , Bhattacharyya Tapesh , Arunsingh Moses , Achari Rimpa Basu , Chatterjee Sanjoy 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: A COVID19 lockdown in India posed significant challenges to the continuation of radiotherapy (RT) and systemic therapy services. While several COVID19 service guidelines have been promulgated, implementation data is yet unavailable. We performed a comprehensive audit of the implementation of services in a clinical oncology department.METHODS AND MATERIALS: A departmental protocol of priority-based treatment guidance was developed and a departmental staff rotation policy was implemented. Data was collected for the period of lockdown on outpatient visits, starting, and delivery of RT and systemic therapy. Adherence to protocol was audited, and factors affecting change from pre-COVID standards analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.RESULTS: Outpatient consults dropped by 58%. Planned RT starts were implemented in 90%, 100%, 92%, 90% and 75% of priority level 1-5 patients. While 17% had a deferred start, the median time to start of adjuvant RT and overall treatment times were maintained. Concurrent chemotherapy was administered in 89% of those eligible. Systemic therapy was administered to 84.5% of planned patients with 33% and 57% of curative and palliative patients receiving modified or deferred cycles. The patient’s inability to come was the commonest reason for RT or ST deviation. Factors independently associated with a change from pre-COVID practice was priority level allocation for RT and age and palliative intent for systemic therapy.CONCLUSIONS: Despite significant access limitations a planned priority-based system of delivery of treatment could be implemented.
Pilot Study: Agreement Between Self-, Peer- and Tutor- Assessment in a Pre-Clinical Skills Programme
Authors: Al-Muzian Lubna , Busuttil-Naudi Antoniella , Foley Jennifer 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: As dental education evolves, a shift towards self- and peer-assessments, producing dental professionals who are reflective, life-long learners, is evident. This study aims to establish the agreement of competency between and amongst students, and their course tutors, during a pre-clinical skills programme.METHODS: Following cavity preparation of plastic teeth during a pre-clinical skills session, students assessed their own cavity preparations and those of their peers. Two course tutors undertook assessment of the same prepared teeth. Plastic teeth were used during the pre-clinical skills sessions and assessed using a WHO CPITN probe and light. Overall scores of competent (C) or not competent (NC) was assigned to each tooth. The data were collected and analysed using Fischer's exact test.RESULTS: No statistical significance was found between self-, peer- or tutor-assessments. Tutors’ assessments were in agreement. Peer- and self-assessment agreed with tutor-assessment two-thirds of the time. When not in agreement with tutor-assessment, peer- and self-assessment had a tendency to underestimate scores.CONCLUSION: Whilst no statistical significance was found, tutor-assessment had a high degree of agreement. Peer- and self-assessment appeared to agree with the tutor-assessment two-thirds of the time. When not in agreement with the tutor, students tended to underestimate themselves and their peers.
3D Printing of the Cerebral Vasculature Exceptionally Using Freeware – A Quick and Easy Guide
Authors: Kueffer Alexander , Regli Luca 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
High-resolution 3D reconstructions of the cerebral vasculature are essential for preoperative planning of complex interventions in vascular neurosurgery. Quick-segmentation algorithms provided by expensive radiology applications often result in unsatisfactory 3D reconstructions. Here we show how to quickly segment and print a detailed 3D model of the cerebral vasculature without extensive knowledge in 3D modeling. Exceptionally using freeware, the total costs for the generation of a real size model of the circle of Willis are less than $10. The 3D models will be particularly valuable during preoperative planning and for patient information.
Reduced Incidence of Maternal Health Conditions Associated with the Home-Based Newborn Care Intervention Package in Rural Gadchiroli, India: A 13 Years Before – After Comparison
Authors: Bang Anand A , Bang Abhay T , Bang Rani , Deshmukh Mahesh , Soni Kalindi , Baitule Sanjay 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveTo assess the association of home-based neonatal care interventions with the incidence of various maternal health conditions observed over 13 years in the intervention area of the field-trial of home-based neonatal care. MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of a program implemented in thirty-nine villages in Gadchiroli, India. The home-based newborn care interventions were incrementally introduced during the field trial (1995 – 1998) and subsequently continued as a service program till 2008. Pregnant women were recruited over the thirteen year period (1995–2008) and followed up from the seventh month of pregnancy to 28 days postpartum by trained female community health workers who made antenatal, natal and post-natal home visits (total 10), provided health education to mothers for behavior change, managed normal and sick neonates as well as encouraged seeking medical care when necessary. They recorded maternal signs and symptoms; verified by a supervisory physician. Based on these, a computer algorithm diagnosed 20 types of maternal health conditions. The incidence of the conditions in the first year (1995-96) was compared with the last two years (2006 - 2008) of intervention.ResultThe mean coverage of home-based newborn care, assessed on eight indicators, increased from 48.5% in 1995 – 96 to 87.1% in 2006 – 08. Proportion of women with any maternal health conditions in pregnancy reduced from 40.67% to 22.47% (by 44.76%, p < 0.001), in labor reduced from 12.31% to 6.82% (by 44.59%, p <0.001) and during the post-partum from 43.91% to 9.74% (by 77.82%, p <0.001). Mean number of maternal conditions per 100 women reduced from 140 to 44 (by 69%, p < 0.001). Need for emergency obstetric care reduced from 5.83% to 1.23% (by 78.83%, p < 0.001). Proportion of condition free mothers increased from 32.9 % to 64.6 %.ConclusionHome based neonatal care interventions were associated with significant reduction in the incidence of maternal health conditions. Developing home-based maternal care in combination with neonatal care may considerably improve maternal health.
A&nbsp;Risk Prediction Model of Readmission after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in China
Authors: Liu Guozhen , Zhang Yinghong , Zhang Wen , Hu Liu , Lv Tiao , Cheng Hong , Hu Yanhong , Huang Jing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background At present, there is no risk prediction model suitable for the Chinese population after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), this study aims to analyze the risk factors related to readmission after CABG and to construct a risk prediction model of readmission for patients with CABG in China. Methods A total of 1983 patients who had undergone CABG at Wuhan Asian Heart Hospital from 2017 to 2019 were selected to collect general patient information. Univariate analysis was performed on the data of 825 patients in the modeling group to determine potential risk factors, and then independent risk factors of readmission after CABG were determined by multivariate logistic regression. Hosmer-Lemeshow （H-L） test, calibration curve and the area under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve are used to test the calibration and discrimination of the model. Results Six preoperative variables （age≥65, female, Private insurance, diabetes, hypertension level2,3, congenital heart disease）were independent risk factors of readmission after CABG. Our risk prediction model has high application value （the area under the ROC curve of the modeling group is 0.876, and of the validation group is 0.865, H-L test: P=0.561〉0.05）. Conclusion The risk prediction model in our study can be used to predict the risk of readmission in CABG patients in clinical work, providing a basis for more effective perioperative treatment and care to prevent patients from being readmitted to hospital.
Wilson's Disease Complicated with Massive Cerebral Infarction：A Case Report
Authors: ma ying , zhang Juan , chen hong , WANG YUNBAO 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Hepatolenticular degeneration, also known as Wilson's disease, is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism that causes rare diseases with significant morbidity and mortality. To our knowledge, no cases of hepatolenticular degeneration with massive cerebral infarction have been reported up to now. Here we present a case of hepatolenticular degeneration with massive cerebral infarction. Early, appropriate diagnosis and initiation of proper therapy could avoid further progression and reduce complications of the disease.
Dynamic Change of Eosinophil and Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zhao Huimin , Xu QinRong , Feng Hongxuan , Hou XiaoXia , Wen ZhongMin , Cheng QingZhang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Eosinopenia has been shown to be a predicative factor for the infection and mortality in ischemic stroke patients which mainly focused on static eosinophil count. This study aimed to explore the relationship between dynamic change of eosinophil count and short-term prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods: A total of 174 patients with AIS were respectively enrolled. Blood samples for blood routine examination were obtained at admission before any treatments and the next day. Eosinopenia was defined as the continuous decrease of the count of eosinophil from the first day to the second. Infarct volume was measured by diffusion-weighted MR imaging volume. 90-day modified Rankin Scale scores were collected to assess the prognosis of patients with AIS.Results: Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they have eosinopenia. Patients with eosinopenia were more likely to have large infarct volume (3.2 [0.6-39.9] cm3 vs 1.1 [0.3-6.0] cm3, P =.004). Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that the eosinophil count on the second day was more accurate than the time of admission to identify the large cerebral infarction (LCI) (0.866 vs 0.603, P ＜.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that eosinopenia was independently associated with LCI (P =.015) and poor outcome (P =.011), and patients with eosinopenia had a 4.05-fold greater risk for LCL (95% CI 1.31-12.51) and a 4.29-fold greater risk for worse clinical outcomes (95% CI 1.27-14.51) than patients without.Conclusion： Eosinophil is a dynamic variable, and its variation is associated with poor outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients.
Fast 3D Shape Measurement of Complex Objects Combining S-transform Profilometry and Sub-Pixel Refinement
Authors: Lu Feng , Yang Jikun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the fast 3D shape measurement of complex objects, the process of phase unwrapping affects the measurement accuracy and measurement speed. To omit phase unwrapping, a fast 3D shape measurement method is proposed based on S-transform profilometry and sub-pixel refinement. In this work, Deformed fringe pattern is analyzed based on S-transform to get wrapped phase. To reduce the effect of phase unwrapping, a stereo vision system is employed. Firstly, a deformed fringe pattern is directly used and a hybrid function is proposed to get an initial parallax. Secondly, a phase slope algorithm is proposed to confirm edge point. At last, sub-pixel parallax is refined fromIcoordinate. Experiments are carried out to verify the feasibility and advantage of the proposed method. Results verify that the proposed method can provide fast and accurate 3D shape measurement of complex objects, especially for discontinuous objects and shiny objects.
Novel spatiotemporal evaluative methodology of COVID-19 pandemic velocity based on differential equations
Authors: Rodríguez Javier 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The trajectory of disease outbreaks has been characterized through second order differential equations.Objective: To develop a universal methodology to predict the velocity of COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, Spain, Belgium, and Austria based on differential equations and ranges of the number infected.Methodology: Seven comparison ranges were established to analyze discrete values of COVID-19 total cases. Then, right-angled triangles where their base represented the number of days elapsed and their height the maximum number infected that was reached for each range were designed to then find the triangles’ areas. Given that there is a change rate between the triangles’ areas with respect to time , their velocity was found through a differential equation. Finally, these results were used to compare the propagation speed of the pandemic in these four countries.Results: The areas obtained for the right-angled triangles for all the countries varied between 2.888 and 1.056.204. The change rate between the triangles areas and the days elapsed for a range change oscillated between 3.079 and 1.264.558, while the variation of the number infected with respect to time presented values between 4.6 and 21549.7.Conclusion: An acausal generalization was developed based on differential equations that allows to simplify and facilitate the spatiotemporal evaluation of COVID-19 pandemic velocity which is useful for public health
Predictive criteria of severe cases in COVID-19 patients of early stage
Authors: Gao Jinrui , Huang Xiu , Gu Haibo , Lou Lingyun , Xu Zhihao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often suffer sudden deterioration of disease around 1 to 2 weeks after onset. Once the disease progressed to severe phase, clinical prognosis of patients will significantly deteriorate.Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study on patients of all adult inpatients (≥18 years old) from Tianyou Hospital (Wuhan, China) and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. All 139 patients had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 in their early stage, which is defined as within 7 days of clinical symptoms or within 7 days of positive viral nucleic acid test for asymptomatic patients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the predictive factors in the early detection of patients who may subsequently develop into severe cases.Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the higher level of hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (OR=4.77, 95% CI:1.92-11.87, P=0.001), elevated alanine aminotransferase (OR=6.87, 95%CI:1.56-30.21, P=0.011) and chronic comorbidities (OR=11.48, 95% CI:4.44-29.66, P<0.001) are the determining risk factors for the progression into severe pneumonia in COVID-19 patients.Conclusion: Early COVID-19 patients with chronic comorbidities, elevated hs-CRP or elevated ALT are significantly more likely to develop severe pneumonia as the disease progresses. These risk factors may facilitate the early diagnosis of critical patients in clinical practice.
Arabic adaptation of the Dimensions of Anger Reactions Scale-5 (DAR-5)
Authors: Kakaje Ameer , Alsamarah Kinda , Forbes David 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background:Anger is a normal human emotion that is a common response to potentially traumatic events and implicated in the development and maintenance of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Anger is also a risk factor for aggression and violence. With millions of Syrians having to flee and being refugees in other countries, anger was rarely assessed as there was no brief robust tool for anger in Arabic. Objective: To develop and validate an Arabic version of the Dimensions of Anger Reactions 5 (DAR-5) scale, a five-question scale to screen for anger distress and problematic anger.Method:DAR-5 was translated into Arabic, then back translated into English, and finally re-checked for accuracy. Participants were 1641 Syrian adults, with 621 (37.8%) males and 1020 (62.2%) females. Only Arabic speaking participants were included. Questionnaires were distributed to online that contained demographic data, the DAR5 Arabic version and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS 21). Results:High levels of internal reliability were reported (Cronbach’s α of .86) and factor analysis found that DAR-5-A scores fit as a single-factor model. Problematic anger rates were 36.7% across the population using the cut-off point for DAR-5-A of ≥12. This cut off score also successfully differentiated between scores high versus low scores on anxiety, depression and stress. Conclusions:DAR-5-A is a reliable and valid tool for clinicians and researchers, written in formal Arabic that can be used as a brief measure to assess problematic anger in Syrians and other Arabic-speaking communities.