bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transition metal/carbon hybrids for oxygen electrocatalysis in rechargeable zinc‐air batteries
Authors: Douka Abdoulkader Ibro , Yang Huan , Huang Lei , Zaman Shahid , Yue Ting , Guo Wei , You Bo , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractZinc‐air batteries (ZABs) could be an ideal candidate for challenging energy conversion and storage technology. Usually, the crucial oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction are naturally lethargic and require efficient catalysts to kinetically boost the energy conversion processes to achieve the practicable ZABs application. Transition‐metal/carbon hybrid catalysts show excellent potentials in electrocatalysis, and they have been developed into cost‐effective and scalable oxygen electrocatalyst alternatives for expensive and scarcer noble metal ones in rechargeable ZABs. Herein we summarize recent achievements in transition metal/carbon hybrids for oxygen electrocatalysis. These catalysts mainly fall into two categories by the integrated metal/metal oxides nanoparticles and atomically dispersed transition metal/carbon matrix. We focus on the relationship between structure and performance with their synthesis strategies. Their application in rechargeable ZABs are also comprehensively discussed. Finally, the perspectives on transition metal/carbon hybrids for oxygen electrocatalysis are presented for the future challenges in rechargeable ZABs.image
Heterogeneous Signcryption Scheme Supporting Equality Test from PKI to CLC toward IoT
Authors: Hou Yingzhe , Huang Xin , Chen Yanan , Kumar Sachin , Xiong Hu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe prosperity of Internet of Things (IoT) has brought numerous advantages to individuals and organizations. Since the transmission channel is usually considered as untrusted, the notion of signcryption seems to be the desired method to ease the defect. Nevertheless, this primitive inevitably faces the new obstacle that how to search the required data without decrypting it. Therefore, inheriting the excellence of signcryption and equality test, we present a heterogeneous signcryption protocol supporting the equality test from public key infrastructure (PKI) to certificateless cryptosystem (CLC) toward IoT environment (PK‐CLET). In this way, the introduced construction not only preserves the integrity, confidentiality and unforgeability of data, but also allows the cloud server to perform the equality test on different ciphertexts. Moreover, the security of PK‐CLET as well as the performance evaluation are both shown that it is more suitable for IoT.
Variations in the association of grade with survival across the head and neck cancer landscape
Authors: Anderson Eric M. , Luu Michael , Balzer Bonnie L. , Scher Kevin S. , Mita Alain C. , Lu Diana J. , Shiao Stephen L. , Clair Jon Mallen‐St. , Ho Allen S. , Zumsteg Zachary S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough pathologic tumor grade is a well‐established prognostic risk factor that impacts staging and treatment decisions across multiple cancer types, its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is less certain.MethodsHNSCC patients diagnosed from 2010 to 2015 and undergoing primary surgery in the National Cancer Data Base were identified. Propensity score matching and multivariable Cox regression were performed.ResultsAmong 27 041 HNSCC patients, 13 941 had oral cavity cancers (OCC). Intermediate‐grade (hazard ratio [HR] 1.16, 95% CI 1.07‐1.26, P < .001) and high‐grade (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.26‐1.52, P < .001) tumors had worse survival than low‐grade tumors. This magnitude was comparable to other well‐established prognostic factors, including margin positivity, extranodal extension, and lymphovascular invasion. By contrast, there was no association between grade and survival in larynx/hypopharynx or HPV(−) oropharynx cancer.ConclusionsThe prognostic impact of pathologic grade is highly variable across head and neck subsites and is the strongest among OCC patients.
Long‐term stable water isotope and runoff data for the investigation of deforestation effects on the hydrological system of the Wüstebach catchment, Germany
Authors: Bogena Heye R. , Stockinger Michael P. , Lücke Andreas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Wüstebach catchment belongs to the German TERENO (Terrestrial Environmental Observatories) network and was partially deforested (~21%) by the Eifel National Park in 2013. In this data paper, we provide 11‐year precipitation and stream water isotope data and the corresponding runoff discharge rates recorded in the Wüstebach catchment (from 2009 to 2019). In addition, we provide an overview of available datasets and access information for environmental data of the Wüstebach catchment that are discoverable with associated metadata at the Web‐based TERENO data portal. We anticipate that this comprehensive data set will give new insights in how deforestation influences the hydrological system, for exampole, in terms of transit time distribution, fraction of young water and water flow paths at the catchment scale.
On the relations between the hydrological dynamical systems of water budget, travel time, response time and tracer concentrations
Authors: Rigon Riccardo , Bancheri Marialaura 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUsing previous results on extended Petri Nets (EPN), we present the relations between various hydrological dynamical systems (HDSys) derived from the water budget. Once the water budget has been implemented, there is a consistent way of getting the equations for backward travel time distributions, for forward response time distributions and for the concentration of a solute or tracer. We show that the water budget has a correspondence of one to many with the backward travel time distributions. In fact, to any one of the water budget equations there correspond as many equations as there are input precipitation events. The backward travel time distributions are related to the response time distributions by Niemi's relationship and, if there are n outputs, by the definition of n − 1 partition functions. These determine what fraction of the water volume injected into the control volume at a specific time tin goes asymptotically to a specific output. Given the backward travel time distributions, the output concentration of a solute or tracer also depends on the input concentration. The paper clarifies the complicated relations described above by taking [Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 20, 299–328] as an example from literature. Once the appropriate information is presented, it is shown how these HDSys can be solved simultaneously without duplicating calculations. Then, it is also shown that, under the hypothesis of uniform mixing of water ages within each reservoir, these systems can be solved exactly.
COVID‐19 infection in pregnant women: Review of maternal and fetal outcomes
Authors: Salem Deemah , Katranji Fawzi , Bakdash Talah 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPregnant women, their fetuses, and newborns are likely to represent a high‐risk population during the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). Literature on the outcomes of COVID‐19 infections during pregnancy is slowly building up. The aim of the present review was to gather evidence from relevant articles published in English from January to August 2020 in Medline and Google Scholar. The review revealed that pregnant women who become COVID‐19‐positive are usually either asymptomatic or mild‐to‐moderately symptomatic, similar to non‐pregnant women. Pneumonia is one of the most common outcomes in pregnant women with COVID‐19. However, it cannot be conclusively said that SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increases the risk of maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications. Pregnant women with COVID‐19 with co‐morbidities have increased risks of complications: there are regional variations in the rates of adverse outcomes reported. Though uncommon, the review shows that vertical transmission is possible. Additionally, the third trimester seems to be the most vulnerable period of infection. This aspect needs to be researched further to activate surveillance programs at the end of second trimester. Overall, it is necessary to monitor pregnant women before and after delivery, and their infants, during this pandemic.
Protein secondary structure motifs: A kinematic construction
Authors: Hassan Mosavverul , Coutsias Evangelos A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe kinematic geometry of protein backbone structures, constrained by either single or multiple hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds), possibly in a periodic array, is discussed. These structures include regular secondary structure elements α‐helices and β‐sheets but also include other short H‐bond stabilized irregular structural elements like β‐turns. The work here shows that the variations observed in such structures have simple geometrical correlations consistent with constrained motion kinematics. A new classification of the ideal helices is given, in terms of the parameter α, the angle at a Cα atom to its two neighboring Cα's along the helix, and shown how it can be generalized to include nonideal helices. Specifically, we derive an analytical expression of the backbone dihedrals, (ϕ, ψ), in terms of the parameter α subject to the constraint that the peptide planes are parallel to the helical axis. Helices constructed in this way exhibit near‐vertical alignment of the C = O and N − H units and are the canonical objects of this study. These expressions are easily modifiable to include perturbations of parameters relevant to nonplanar peptide units and noncanonical angles. The addition of a second parameter, ε0, inclination of successive peptide planes along a helix with respect to the helical axis leads to a generalization of the previous expression and provides an efficient parametrization of such structures in terms of coordinates consistent with H‐bond parameters. An analogs parametrization of β‐turns, using inverse kinematic methods, is also given. Besides offering a unifying viewpoint, our results may find useful applications to protein and peptide design.
Orbital energies and nuclear forces in DFT: Interpretation and validation
Authors: Laplaza Rubén , Cárdenas Carlos , Chaquin Patrick , Contreras‐García Julia , Ayers Paul W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe bonding and antibonding character of individual molecular orbitals has been previously shown to be related to their orbital energy derivatives with respect to nuclear coordinates, known as dynamical orbital forces. Albeit usually derived from Koopmans' theorem, in this work we show a more general derivation from conceptual DFT, which justifies application in a broader context. The consistency of the approach is validated numerically for valence orbitals in Kohn–Sham DFT. Then, we illustrate its usefulness by showcasing applications in aromatic and antiaromatic systems and in excited state chemistry. Overall, dynamical orbital forces can be used to interpret the results of routine ab initio calculations, be it wavefunction or density based, in terms of forces and occupations.
Particle size distribution as a major characteristic of domestic wastewater: implications for the modeling and design of membrane bioreactors
Authors: Doğruel Serdar , Orhon Derin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study reviews the evolution of the concept and the methodology of particle size distribution (PSD) analysis for sewage. Evaluation of experimental data indicated that the analytical approach started with an empirical identification of soluble, colloidal and supra‐colloidal organic matter. Then, it evolved into a sequential filtration and ultrafiltration methodology, yielding results useful enough to be an integral complement of respirometric chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractionation based on biodegradation characteristics. Default values could be defined for the distribution of COD fractions in terms of both size and biodegradation characteristics, which practically showed similar profiles, suggesting that PSD of COD could be directly used for model evaluation and design of activated sludge configurations. Size distribution of COD in sewage should be regarded as a prerequisite for activated sludge systems with a membrane module, mainly to assess the fate of COD fractions that would be entrapped and recycled back to the reactor by membrane filtration. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Ultrastructural features of the double capsulated connective tissue around silicone prostheses
Authors: Calderan Laura , Panettiere Pietro , Accorsi Danilo , Marchi Alessandra , Bernardi Paolo , Benati Donatella , Conti Giamaica , Chirumbolo Salvatore , Zingaretti Nicola , Parodi Pier Camillo , Cisterna Barbara , Sbarbati Andrea 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe implantation of breast prostheses for both aesthetic and reconstructive purposes has been growing exponentially in the last 20 years. Safety and prosthesis lifespan are majorly debated issues in relation to the correlated long‐term complications. Mainly the periprosthetic capsule that develops around the implant is often the cause of complications and particularly for macrotextured silicone breast implants. Some reports have tried to elucidate the mechanism by which macrotextured silicone implants undergo damage and cause double capsule formation. In this study, we investigated the morphological characteristics of double capsule of macrotextured implants surgically removed from patients. With the use of microscopy techniques, this work analyzed the newly formed tissue observed in the interaction between synthetic and biological surfaces.
Usefulness of half‐covered metallic stent placement in preventing acute cholecystitis complication in pancreatic cancer‐induced distal biliary stricture
Authors: Takaoka Makoto , Shimatani Masaaki , Ikeura Tsukasa , Mitsuyama Toshiyuki , Miyamoto Sachi , Masuda Masataka , Ito Takashi , Nakamaru Koh , Miyoshi Hideaki , Okazaki Kazuichi , Naganuma Makoto 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and AimA self‐expandable metallic stent (SEMS) is commonly used for biliary stricture caused by pancreatic cancer. Covered SEMS may obstruct the cystic duct, causing acute cholecystitis. This study aimed to determine the outcomes of using a half‐covered SEMS with an offset covered portion for preventing cystic duct obstruction.MethodsAmong 80 patients with half‐covered SEMS placement for the treatment of pancreatic cancer‐induced distal biliary stricture, 74 were followed up. The half‐covered SEMS has a total length of 6 or 7 cm, and the offset covered part was 0.5–4.5 or 0.5–5.5 cm, respectively. Intraductal ultrasonography (IDUS) and endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) were performed during the initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). IDUS findings and ENBD tube cholangiogram confirmed the cystic duct confluence. SEMS placement was performed on the second ERCP or several weeks after the initial tube stent placement.ResultsHalf‐covered SEMS placement was successful in all patients. However, four (5.4%) patients exhibited early complications, including acute cholecystitis in one patient and stent displacement in another. Over 30 days, cholangitis, tumor growth, and stent displacement occurred in nine (11.3%), five (6.3%), and two (2.5%) patients, respectively. The median stent patency was 71.1 weeks, and the median overall survival in patients with and without chemotherapy was 31.8 and 12.2 weeks, respectively.ConclusionsWith confirmation of the cystic duct confluence, half‐covered SEMS placement may become a treatment option for distal biliary stricture caused by pancreatic cancer to prevent acute cholecystitis. Half‐covered SEMS patency was comparable with that of covered SEMS.
Prevalence and risk indicators of peri‐implant diseases in a group of Moroccan patients
Authors: Kissa Jamila , El Kholti Wafa , Chemlali Sihame , Kawtari Hajar , Laalou Younes , Albandar Jasim M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo report the prevalence of peri‐implant diseases in a North African patient population, and to assess the concurrent associations of patient‐ and implant‐level characteristics with probing depth and bone loss around dental implantsMethodsA total of 642 implants in 145 subjects were followed up for a mean 6.4 years. At the last follow‐up visit the subjects were examined clinically and radiographically to assess the status of peri‐implant tissues and teeth. Data analysis used the generalized linear mixed modelsResultsThe prevalence of peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis were 82.1% and 41.4% at the subject level, and 68.4% and 22.7% at the implant level, respectively. Inadequate plaque control, peri‐implant inflammation, history of previous implant failures, and pain/discomfort at the implant site were significantly associated with both outcomes (increased probing depth and bone loss). Diabetes mellitus, inadequate implant restoration, single restorations (versus multi‐unit), cement‐retained restorations, and presence of occlusal wear facets on teeth were significantly associated with one of the two outcomes. Implants placed in the lower anterior jaw region had the most favorable outcome. Smoking, history of periodontitis, and type of implant surface did not show significant associations with higher frequency of peri‐implant diseases in the multivariable analysis.ConclusionsPeri‐implant diseases are prevalent in this North African patient population. Multiple subject‐ and implant‐level variables were associated with peri‐implant diseases. Risk assessment of these effects should consist of a concurrent inclusion of these factors in multivariable analyses that also adjust for the complex variance structure of the oral environment.
Carboxymethyl cellulose/okara protein influencing microstructure, rheological properties and stability of O/W emulsions
Authors: Cai Yongjian , Huang Lihua , Tao Xia , Su Jiaqi , Chen Bifen , Zhao Mouming , Zhao Qiangzhong , Van der Meeren Paul 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe role of protein–polysaccharide interactions and their mixtures has been a vital factor affecting the formation and stability of food emulsions. Okara protein (OP), which is extracted from the by‐product of soybean processing, has received much attention because of its abundant sources and potential attributes with respect to food formulation. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), a well‐known food‐grade polysaccharide additive, has been widely utilized in the protein–polysaccharide system, whereas, among the proteins, the role of OP has not yet been explored.RESULTSThe present study first assessed the ζ‐potential and hydrodynamic diameter of aqueous mixtures containing OP (1.0 wt%) and CMC (0–0.5 wt%), followed by the investigation of OP‐CMC mixtures stabilized O/W emulsions. As CMC increased, oil droplet size, surface protein adsorption, apparent viscosity and storage modulus increased, whereas the loss tangent decreased.CONCLUSIONCMC resulted in emulsion destabilization compared to emulsions without CMC, whereas a higher concentration of CMC promoted emulsion stability against creaming for emulsions in the presence of CMC. The results provide information with respect to OP and CMC being incorporated into food formulations and also strengthen our understanding of the related mechanism, in addition to facilitating the further utilization of OP. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Biostimulating effect of l‐tryptophan on the yield and chemical and microbiological quality of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) herbage and silage for ruminant
Authors: Przemieniecki Sebastian W , Purwin Cezary , Mastalerz Jędrzej , Borsuk Marta , Lipiński Krzysztof , Kurowski Tomasz 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of l‐tryptophan (l‐TRP) used in the cultivation of Lolium perenne on the yield, and chemical and microbiological quality of its herbage and silage. l‐Tryptophan was applied in doses of 5, 0.5, 0.05 kg ha−1. The experiment was conducted with a control group (C) and a comparative control group (C+) with higher nitrogen fertilization.RESULTSThe dose of 5 kg ha−1 had a significant effect on herbage yield, which increased by 15% compared to group C and approximated the value achieved in group C+. The treatment with l‐TRP caused a significant increase in water‐soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content only in Tr5 (165 g kg−1 DM), which was reflected in a more beneficial course of fermentation, lower pH (4.59), and a higher sum of fermentation acids, including lactic acid (94.7 g kg−1 DM). Ryegrass treatment with a high l‐TRP dose effectively reduced the loads of Clostridium spp. and fungi, and increased the count of Bacillus spp. The l‐TRP significantly reduced N‐NH3 content in Tr05 (98.6 g kg−1 TN) compared with C+ (123 g kg−1 TN) and butyric acid content in Tr05 (from 1.35 g kg−1 DM in the C to 0.38 g kg−1 DM).CONCLUSIONThe most effective dose turned out to be a dose of 5 kg ha−1, which allowed a higher yield and a better fermentation course to be achieved. This work presents the feasibility of using l‐TRP to optimize nutrient consumption by Lolium perenne and ultimately to affect the quality of its silage as a feedstuff. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
How olive washing and storage affect fruit ethanol and virgin olive oil ethanol, ethyl esters and composition
Authors: Beltran Gabriel , Hueso Antonio , Bejaoui Mohamed A , Gila Abraham M , Costales Raquel , Sánchez‐Ortiz Araceli , Aguilera Maria P , Jimenez Antonio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDOlives are stored for a short time after harvesting pending processing in the oil mills. Furthermore, olives are often washed prior to fruit storage. In this work we study how washing and storage affect fruit ethanol content and the effect on virgin olive oil ethanol content and quality.RESULTSOlive storage produced an increase in the fruit ethanol content, achieving values six times higher when storage was in silos. Washing the olives resulted in an increase in fruit ethanol content, although when washed olives were processed immediately no difference was found. The increase in fruit ethanol content during storage was reflected in higher oil ethanol concentration. Similarly, olive washing resulted in oils with higher ethanol concentration. Industrial conditions gave more important increases in oil ethanol content than that from olives processed by hand. For quality parameters all the olive oils were classified as ‘extra virgin’. In general, oils showed a slight decrease in some sensory attributes. At industrial scale after 24 h storage oils were classified as ‘virgin’ because sensory defects were found.CONCLUSIONOlive storage should be avoided or reduced to less than 12 h; if possible, olives should not be washed before storage since this practice favors losses in sensory characteristics and the synthesis of ethanol, a precursor of ethyl esters. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry