bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy drink - the prevalence of consumption and awareness regarding its associated potential health problems among commercial bus drivers in Ho, Ghana
Authors: Saku Emmanuella Yayra , Nuro-Ameyaw Peter , Amenya Priscilla Cecilia , Kpodo Fidelis Mawunyo , Amoafo Paul Esua , Kortei Nii Korley 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Consumption of energy drinks has become an escalating global public health problem. The work schedule and irregular sleeping habits of commercial bus drivers make them highly susceptible to getting fatigued, hence most of them consume energy drinks as a fatigue management strategy. However, consumption of energy drinks produces numerous psychomotor side effects that if consumed among drivers puts the traveling public in danger of road accidents. This study sought to assess the prevalence of energy drink consumption and awareness of associated potential health problems among commercial long-distance bus drivers operating from the Ho municipality. Methods This was a cross-sectional study involving 132 participants who completed a structured questionnaire on the participants' socio-demographic characteristics, frequency of consumption and reasons for consumption. It also included questions to assess the knowledge of the ingredients and side effects of energy drinks. Results A majority (62.1%) of the drivers had more than 10 years of commercial driving experience. A 75% energy drink consumption prevalence was recorded with driving performance enhancement (78.8%) as the predominant reason for consumption. 7 - 10 bottles per week were consumed by most (32.2%) of the drivers with the most consumed brand being Rush energy drink (54.5%). Also, 72.0% had poor knowledge of the side effects linked with energy drink intake likewise the ingredients in them. Conclusion Energy drinks were consumed by the majority of the drivers at the Ho main bus terminal of which most of the drivers had poor knowledge of the potential health problems linked with the consumption of these drinks. The consumption of energy drinks was observed to be higher among the drivers with lower education levels, higher monthly income and those who worked long hours in a day. The Ghana National Road Safety Commission (GNRC) in collaboration with other private road transport unions in Ghana should organize regular seminars for commercial bus drivers on the potential dangers and effects associated with energy drink consumption.
How people with type two diabetes in England learn about digital health technologies, and what are the barriers to access and motivators for use? A qualitative study
Authors: Turnbull Sophie , Lucas Patricia , Hay Alastair D , Cabral Christie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundType 2 Diabetes (T2D) is a common chronic disease, with socially patterned incidence and severity. Digital self-care interventions have the potential to reduce health disparities, by providing personalised low-cost reusable resources that can increase access to health interventions. However, if under-served groups are unable to access or use digital technologies, digital health interventions might make no difference, or worse, exacerbate health inequity. Study aimsTo gain insights into how and why people with T2D access and use web-based self-care technology and how experiences vary between individuals and social groups.MethodsA purposive sample of people with experience of using a web-based intervention to help them self-care for T2D were recruited through diabetes and community groups. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in person and over the phone. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsA diverse sample of 21 participants were interviewed. Health care practitioners were not viewed as a good source of information about Digital Health Technology (DHT) that could support T2D. Instead participants relied on their digital skills and social networks to learn about what DHT are available and helpful. The main barriers to accessing and using DHT described by the participants were availability of DHT from the NHS, cost and technical proficiency. However, some participants described how they were able to draw on social resources such as their social networks and social status to overcome these barriers. Participants were motivated to use DHT because they provided self-care support, a feeling of control over T2D, and personalised advice or feedback. The selection of technology was also guided by participants’ preferences and what they valued in relation to technology and self-care support, and these in turn were influenced by age and gender.ConclusionThis research indicates that low levels of digital skills and high cost of digital health interventions can create barriers to the access and use of DHT to support the self-care of T2D. However, social networks and social status can be leveraged to overcome some of these challenges. If digital interventions are to decrease rather than exacerbate health inequalities, these barriers and facilitators to access and use must be considered when interventions are developed and implemented.
Optimization on reagent-loading manner for modular clinical chemistry analyzer series: simulations and verifications
Authors: Wang Mingyang , Ming Liang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The analytical process, especially reagent-related factors, demonstrates a significant effect on clinical chemistry analyzer. Therefore, it should have our attention both in total laboratory system (TLA) and modular automation (MA). The reagent-loading mode of modular analyzer influences testing turnaround time (tTAT) and the cost.Methods: Parameters were simulated by cobas 8000 workflow simulator for reagent-loading manner with at least three positions (Pattern 1), the module-parallel reagent-loading manner (Pattern 2) and the single-position loading mode (Pattern 3). Then, we chose Pattern 2 for Tuesday effect-based optimization verification.Results: tTAT, reagent on-line time, quality control cost and performance verification times all declined by 43%. Tuesday effect solved the repetitive problem for verification. With comprehensive comparison between Pattern 1, Pattern 2 and Pattern 3, Pattern 2 shows optimal performance in subsequent verification.Conclusions: The optimization of reagent-loading manner saved much workforce, and reduced the quality control cost and internal quality assessment consumption.Trial registration: This article did not report the results of a health care intervention on human participants. Trial registration was not needed here.
The effects of clinical decision support system for prescribing on patient outcomes and physician practice performance: A systematic review
Authors: Moghadam Sharare Taheri , Velayati Farnia , Sadoughi Farahnaz , Ehsanzadeh S.J. , Poursharif Shayan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The clinical decision support systems(CDSSs) for prescription medications is one of the technologies aimed at improving physician practice behavior and patient outcomes by reducing drug prescription errors. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of various CDSSs on physician practice behavior and patient outcomes.Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library from January 2005 to November 2019. Two researchers independently evaluated the studies. Any discrepancies over the eligibility of the studies between the two researchers were then resolved by consulting a third researcher. Finally, data were extracted from the articles; however, we could not able to conduct meta-analysis due to the heterogeneity of the studies and the narrative form of the findings.Results Based on the inclusion criteria, 46 studies were considered eligible for the analysis in this review. The CDSS for prescription medications had been used for various diseases, namely cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases, AIDS, appendicitis, kidney disease, malaria, high blood potassium, mental disease. Meanwhile, other cases such as the concurrent prescription of multiple drugs for the patient and its effects on the above-mentioned outcomes were evaluated. The analysis shows that in some cases the application of CDSS provides positive effects on patient outcomes and physician practice behaviors. No significant difference was observed in comparison between some other cases and conventional methods. We think that this could be due to the disease type, the quantity and type of CDSS requirements that influence the comparison.Conclusions Our findings suggest that the positive effects of the CDSS are due to factors such as user-friendliness, compliance with clinical guidelines, patient and doctor cooperation, integration of electronic health records, CDSS and pharmaceutical systems, consideration of the views of physicians in assessing the importance of CDSS alerts and their real-time alerts in the prescription.Registration number on PROSPERO CRD42018079936.
The relationship between non-HDL cholesterol and coronary collateral circulation
Authors: Yildirim Tarik , Yildirim Seda Elcim , Argan Onur , Kisacik Halil Lutfi , Safak Ozgen , Toklu Oguzhan , Avci Eyup , Kadi Hasan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective Non high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non HDL-C) covers all aterojenic lipoproteins and correlates with C reactive protein (CRP) which is reliable marker of inflammation. CRP is related to poor angiographic coronary collateral circulation (CCC). We aimed to show whether non HDL-C is associated with CCC.Methods Patients who underwent coronary angiography for stable coronary artery disease and at least one epicardial coronary artery occluded in the proximal or middle region were included in the study. Accrording to the Rentrop scoring system Rentrop 0 and 1 were considered to be poor CCC, and Rentrop 2 and 3 were considered to be good CCC. Non-HDL-C was calculated by subtracting HDL-C from total cholesterol (TC).Results 84 patients were included in the study. While 44 patients (52%) had good CCC, 40 patients (48%) had poor CCC. TC was found to be higher in the poor CCC group than in the good CCC group (224.3 ± 35.6 vs 179.2 ± 25.5 p = 0.000). HDL-C levels were found to be lower in the poor CCC group than in the good CCC group (37.3 ± 9.8 vs 44.1 ± 8.6 p = 0.001). Non-HDL-C cholesterol levels were higher in the group with poor CCC (185.7 ± 39.2 vs 132.8 ± 28.1 p = 0.000). CRP levels were found to be higher in the poor CCC group (3.73 ± 2.5 vs 1.67 ± 1.4 p = 0,000).Conclusion Non-HDL-C is independent predictors of poor CCC.
Inducing Multiple Antibodies to Treat Squamous Cell Esophageal Carcinoma
Authors: Hoshino Isamu , Nabeya Yoshihiro , Takiguchi Nobuhiro , Gunji Hisashi , Ishige Fumitaka , Iwatate Yosuke , Kuwajima Akiko , Shiratori Fumiaki , Okada Rei , Shimada Hideaki 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWe examined the positive response and clinical usefulness of 14 serum antibodies in patients with squamous cell esophageal carcinoma (ESCC). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to study the frequency of gene expressions, mutations, and amplification of these 14 antigens, and this database helped investigate the possible effects of antibody induction.MethodsBlood serum from 85 ESCC patients was collected and tested for 14 antibodies using an ELISA assay. The prognosis between positive and negative antibodies were then compared. The antibody panel included Galectin1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, and HSP70.ResultsPatient serum was positive for all antibodies except VEGF, ranging from 1.18 to 10.59%. Positive rates of Galectin1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, and HSP70 were more than 10%. TCGA data showed all antigen-related genes had little or no mutation or amplification, so an increase in gene expression effected antibody induction. The positive results from the panel accounted for the positive rate comparable to the combination of CEA and SCC. There was no significant association between the presence of antibodies and disease prognosis.ConclusionsThe presence of Galectin1, HCA25a, HCC-22-5, and HSP70 were 10% higher in ESCC patients. Gene overexpression may be involved in such antibody production. The utility of using these four antibodies compared to conventional tumor markers was shown as a panel. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the combination of this panel and conventional tumor markers significantly improved the positive rate
Impact of early versus delayed androgen-deprivation therapy on survival outcomes of patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy and later developed metastasis: Can we define a PSA threshold?
Authors: Ahn Hyun Kyu , Lee Kwang Suk , Kim Daeho , Rha Koon Ho , Hong Sung Joon , Chung Byung Ha , Koo Kyo Chul 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The benefits of early administration of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-only recurrent prostate cancer (PCa) following radical prostatectomy (RP) are controversial. We investigated the impact of early versus delayed ADT on survival outcomes in patients with non-metastatic, localized or locally advanced PCa who received radiation therapy following RP and later developed distant metastasis.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 69 patients with non-metastatic, localized or locally advanced PCa who received radiation therapy following RP and later developed distant metastasis between January 2006 and December 2012. Patients were stratified according to the level of PSA at which ADT was administered (<2 ng/mL vs. ≥2 ng/mL). Study endpoints were progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)-free survival and cancer-specific survival (CSS) assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox-regression models.Results: Patients were stratified according to the level of PSA at which ADT was administered (<2 ng/mL vs. ≥2 ng/mL) based on the Youden sensitivity analysis. Delayed ADT at PSA ≥2 ng/mL was an independent prognosticator of cancer-specific mortality (p=0.047), and a marginally significant prognosticator of progression to CRPC (p=0.051). During the median follow-up of 81.0 (IQR 54.2-115.7) months, patients who received early ADT at PSA <2 ng/mL had significantly higher CSS rates than patients who received delayed ADT at PSA ≥2 ng/mL (p=0.002). Progression to CRPC-free survival was comparable between the two groups (p=0.331).Conclusions: Early ADT at the PSA level of less than 2 ng/mL confers CSS benefits in patients with localized or locally advanced PCa previously treated with RP.
Genotypic characterisation and antimicrobial resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from patients of different hospitals and medical centres from Poland
Authors: Brzozowski Marcin , Krukowska Żaneta , Galant Katarzyna , Jursa-Kulesza Joanna , Kosik-Bogacka Danuta Izabela 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacillus responsible for infections in immunocompromised patients and is one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections particularly in intensive care and burn units. We aimed to investigate the population structure of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients at different hospital wards. Methods: We analysed a possible presence of P. aeruginosa epidemic or endemic strains in hospitals of the selected region. A genotyping analysis was performed for 202 P. aeruginosa isolates collected from patients of eleven hospitals in north-western Poland. Collections of P. aeruginosa were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Phenotypic screening for antibiotic susceptibility was performed for the common antimicrobial agents.Results: All P. aeruginosa isolates were distributed among 116 different pulsotype groups. We identified 30 groups of clonally related strains, each containing from 2 to 17 isolates. Typed the obtained 13 unique patterns, designated as A, D, J, K, M, N, Ó, P, T, X, AC, AD, and AH. The two largest clusters, D and E, contained 17 and 13 isolates, respectively. Strains of those groups were continuously isolated from patients at intensive care units and burn units, indicating transmission of those strains. Conclusions: In this study, we demonstrate the clonal relatedness of P. aeruginosa strains and their constant exchange in hospitals over a period of 15 months. The obtained results indicate a predominantly non-clonal structure of P. aeruginosa.
Posterolateral decompression, distractive reduction and reconstructive stabilization for the treatment of thoracic and lumbar spine fracture-dislocations
Authors: Chen Changbao , Zhang Xiaolin , Ma Xinlong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Fracture-dislocations of the thoracic and lumbar spine are uncommon and highly unstable injuries, and the ideal management for patients with thoracic and lumbar spine fracture-dislocations is challenging. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic results following posterolateral decompression, distractive reduction and reconstructive stabilization for patients with severe thoracic and lumbar spine fracture-dislocations.Methods: Twenty-three patients with thoracic and lumbar spine fracture-dislocations underwent this procedure. Demographic data, radiographic results, neurologic function, clinical functions and treatment-related complications were prospectively evaluated. Results: The average preoperative sagittal and coronal displacement was 31.9% and 6.7%, significantly improved to 6.4% and 2.1% after surgery, respectively. The final sagittal and coronal displacement was 5.3% and 1.5%. The average segmental kyphosis was 20.4° before surgery, markedly corrected to 4.7° immediately after surgery. The final sagittal kyphosis was 6.1°. Twelve patients with incomplete neurologic deficits had improvement by at least one ASIA grade neurologic improvement. The preoperative pain level showed a mean VAS score of 9.5 improved to 3.5 postoperatively, and to 1.2 at the final follow-up. Mean ODI preoperatively was 90.2%, and improved to 38.3% postoperatively, and to 24.9% at the final follow-up. No patient had persistent postoperative back pain. No obvious complications were observed in this series.Conclusions: Posterolateral decompression, distractive reduction and reconstructive stabilization is a reasonably safe and effective technique for thoracic and lumbar spine fracture-dislocations. This replicable procedure can result in satisfactory clinical and radiographic outcomes, with sufficiently circumferential decompression, excellent reduction, perfect spine alignment, solid instrumentation and sound fusion.
Management of periprosthetic fractures of knee arthroplasty with revision surgery
Authors: Kamal Ahmad , Dong Ren Jiang , Shah Rafiq , Li Cao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective : As periprosthetic knee fractures are becoming common with the increase in incidence of primary and revision total knee arthroplasty, their management and treatment have become important. The current study aims to evaluate the revision knee arthroplasty carried out due to the failure of primary treatment of periprosthetic femoral fractures.Methods: The study was conducted from May 2012 to September 2019 at Orthopedics department of Xinjiang Medical University; out of 21 patients 11 were women and 10 men aged 44 to 80 (mean, 70.76±8.31) years who underwent revision surgery for periprosthetic fractures of 19 distal femur, 1 patellar, and 1 proximal tibial fracture. Nineteen cases had definite trauma history leading to periprosthetic fracture, and 2 cases had fracture during post-operative functional exercise. All patients had revision surgery with extended stems with either constrained or limited condylar knee prosthesis.Results : The duration of follow-up averaged 4.3 years. The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score before fracture averaged 91 + 7.01 points (89 - 95 points) and 85.5 + 6.18 points (81 - 90 points) at the last follow-up. The average range of motion of knee joint before fracture was 115.7 [+7.6] (110 [~126]), and 101.3 [+9.8] (85 [~115]) at the last follow-up. There was no significant statistical difference. No complications such as infection, component loosening or nonunion. 2 patients had lower extremity vein thrombosis.Conclusion Revision surgery of the knee for the periprosthetic fractures with proper prosthetic selection can attain good outcomes after primary total knee arthroplasty. Reasonable and correct procedure is the main principle for a successful operation. The benefits and applicability of revision TKA is the reconstructive solution for the issues of prosthetic knee fractures, is highly recommended.
GM-CSF and HMGB1 level were associated with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of childhood refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Authors: Cao Lianfu , Lin Haijiao , Yu Hongjun , Wang Yongji 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: To analyze the relationship between granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) level in alveolar lavage fluid with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of children refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP), so as to provide reliable targets for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: A total of 106 children diagnosed with MPP and prepared for bronchoalveolar lavage therapy were selected in this study, which were divided into 2 groups according to clinical diagnosis: those showing clinical and radiological deterioration despite appropriate antibiotic therapy for ≥7 days were classified into refractory MPP group (n=47), while the others were classified into non-refractory MPP group (n=59). The data of physical examination, treatment and outcome were collected. In addition, the GM-CSF and HMGB1 levels in alveolar lavage fluid during each bronchoalveolar lavage therapy were detected by ELISA kits. Results: There was no significant difference in age, sex, course of fever, the highest temperature, WBC, L, PLT, ALT, AST, CK-MB, D-D, CK, IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and C4 between refractory MMP group and non-refractory MMP group on admission (P＞0.05). The levels of N, CRP, PCT, and LDH in refractory MPP group were higher than those in non-refractory MPP group, the difference had statistical significance (P＜0.05). Both GM-CSF and HMGB1 levels were positively correlated with traditional indicators N, CRP, PCT and LDH (r=0.611-0.785, P<0.05). ROC analysis results showed that CRP, GM-CSF and HMGB1 had predictive value for refractory MPP attack (AUC=0.636, 0.657, 0.651, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed GM-CSF and HMGB1 were independent factors for refractory MPP (B＞1.0, P<0.05). ROC analysis results showed that GM-CSF and HMGB1 at 2nd bronchoalveolar lavage therapy had predictive value for long hospital stay (>28 d) and poor prognosis of refractory MPP (AUC=0.782-0.825, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The level of GM-CSF and HMGB1 in alveolar lavage fluid is closely related to the occurrence and development of refractory MPP, which can be used as an auxiliary indicator for clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation, and has certain guiding significance for its clinical treatment.