bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRATAMIENTO DEL CUERPO EXTRAÑO RECTAL EN EL SERVICIO DE URGENCIA DEL HOSPITAL EL PINO AÑOS 2011-2016.
Authors: Rodríguez Castillo Tomás Roberto , Mora Pavéz Claudio 
Published: November 2019

Introducción: El cuerpo extraño rectal (CER) es un problema difícil manejo para el cirujano general. La vía anal es la puerta de entrada más habitual seguido de la oral. La sospecha clínica es fundamental para el diagnóstico, pudiendo apoyarse de imágenes. El tratamiento es su extracción por vía transanal o por vía anterior[MF1] [TRC2] [TRC3] . OBJETIVOS: Caracterizar, describir y presentar el tratamiento de los pacientes con CER que consultaron en urgencia del Hospital el Pino (HEP) entre los años 2011 y 2016. Material y método: Estudio serie de casos. Se realiza revisión de fichas clínicas de pacientes con CER en un periodo de 5 años en el Servicio de Urgencia del HEP. Se identificó a los pacientes tratados en box y a aquellos tratados en pabellón. Se caracterizó según variables demográficas, tratamiento, complicaciones y días de hospitalización. Resultados: Se identificaron 18 pacientes, 13 hombres y 5 mujeres de 45 años (+-36-51) y 34 años (+- 23-64) respectivamente. En 1 de ellos fue posible extracción manual transanal en box sin anestesia y en 17 se requirió tratamiento en pabellón, donde 12 fue por vía transanal y 5 por abordaje abdominal. En ningún caso se identificó lesión intestinal. Evolución postoperatoria adecuada. Días de hospitalización promedio 1,8 días. Conclusión: Este es un problema infrecuente y de difícil manejo. Existe mayor frecuencia en hombres de edades media siendo la puerta de entrada la vía anal en todos los casos. En la mayoría se requirió extracción en pabellón bajo anestesia siendo el abordaje transanal el más utilizado y con buenos resultados.
Efectos de la curva de aprendizaje en los resultados de la duodenopancreatectomía cefálica en un hospital de nivel II. Effects of the learning curve on the results of cephalic pancreaticoduodenectomy in a level II hospital.
Authors: Domínguez-Comesaña Elías , Estevez Fernandez Sergio , Domínguez Fernandez Rubén , Rial Duran Agata , Tojo Ramallo Sergio , Quiroga Veiga Nazaret 
Published: November 2019

Objetivo. Evaluar el impacto de la curva de aprendizaje en los resultados a corto plazo de la duodenopancreatectomía cefálica en un hospital de nivel II.Material y métodos. Se analizaron los datos obtenidos a partir de una base de datos mantenida prospectivamente desde 2003. Se definieron dos periodos de tiempo: de 2003 a 2011 y de 2012 a 2017. Se compararon la morbilidad, mortalidad y estancia postoperatoria de ambos periodos. Resultados. Durante el periodo de tiempo estudiado se hicieron 126 duodenopancreatectomías cefálicas, 61 durante la primera etapa y 65, durante la segunda. La tasa de transfusión intraoperatoria se redujo del 33% al 15% (p=0,011). La tasa de transfusión postoperatoria se redujo del 39 al 23% (p=0,021). No hubo diferencias significativas con respecto a la incidencia global de complicaciones postoperatorias (59% y 52,3%, respectivamente). Sin embargo, la incidencia de abscesos intraabdominales fue significativamente menor en el segundo periodo (18% y 4,6%, respectivamente; p=0,038). La tasa de reintervenciones se redujo significativamente, del 22% al 9% (p=0,049). También se redujo significativamente la tasa de mortalidad, del 6,56% al 0% (p=0,032). La estancia media postoperatoria disminuyó significativamente en el segundo periodo, pasando de 19,6 a 15,8 días (p=0,001), con una significativamente mayor proporción de pacientes dados de alta en los 8 primeros días de postoperatorio (11,5% y 38,5%, respectivamente; p=0,001).Conclusión. La curva de aprendizaje permite mejorar los resultados de la duodenopancreatectomía cefálica, en un hospital de nivel II, hasta alcanzar valores similares a los de un hospital de nivel III.
The system of plant protection of cucumbers from root rot in greenhouses
Authors: Balvas-Hremiakova K. 
Published: November 2019

Goal. To study the antagonistic and protective properties of the biological preparation Trichodermin, p (titer 1.5 × 108 spores / ml) based on the producer strain Trichoderma lignorum CK in relation to the complex of pathogens of root and root rot (Fusarium oxysporum Sh, F. solani sp. Cuarbitae, F. moniliforme Sh, F. culmorum Sacc, Fusarium solani App. et Wr) indoor cucumbers to protect crops throughout the growing season.
Methodology. The effectiveness of the biological product was evaluated in greenhouses in the Kiev region in 2016—2018. On crops of cucumbers (hybrid Courage F1) with various methods of application — seed treatment and spraying of plants. To assess the damage of cucumber plants by root rot, we used data on the spread and development of the disease in the experimental and control plots, the counts were carried out on a four-point scale VIZR in the modification of V.F. Peresypkina and V.M. Pidoplichko.
Results. As a result of the studies, the high technical efficiency of the use of biological preparations in the crops of cucumbers in greenhouse agrocenoses was established. When treating seeds before planting with a 1% solution of the biological preparation Trichodermin, p based on the producer starch Trichoderma lignorum CK, not one seedling died from root rot, but at the 45th and 65th stages of development according to the BBCH scale, technical efficiency decreased accordingly to 68.3 and 59.5%. Repeated application of the biological preparation Trichodermin, p with a consumption rate of 10 l / ha by three sprays during the growing season in the development phase 74—86 on the BBCH scale showed high technical efficiency (85.3%) in protecting plants against root rot. Findings. An effective method of protecting cucumber crops in closed ground from root rot is an integrated approach to biocontrol — treating seeds before planting and spraying plants with the biological preparation Trichodermin P, which showed a technical efficiency of 85.3%. Monitoring the development of root rot in a critical period of development allows you to reduce root rot damage by 2.2 times and additionally obtain up to 7.7 kg / m2 of vegetable products.
PERCEPÇÃO DE CUIDADORES DE CRIANÇAS OBESAS ACERCA DA OBESIDADE INFANTIL
Authors: Barreto Barbosa Brena , Soraia Pinto Maria , Passos Meireles Ana Vaneska 
Published: November 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo conhecer a percepção de cuidadores de crianças obesas acerca da obesidade infantil. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa realizada com mães de crianças menores de 5 anos que participam de um projeto multidisciplinar de combate à obesidade infantil. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista aberta ou em profundidade, registrada em áudio com o consentimento das participantes. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram os três eixos temáticos que embasaram as linhas de análise (interpretação): a) “É... ela está muito gorda”; b) “Tropa das pernas”; e c) “Só sabe quem carrega”. Constatou-se que as mães entrevistadas foram capazes de identificar a obesidade nas filhas, bem como de reconhecer algumas das consequências do excesso de peso. Além disso, elas associaram o peso saudável ao estereótipo da magreza.
Microthermometric behavior of crystal-rich inclusions in spodumene under confining pressure
Authors: Anderson Alan J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A hydrothermal diamond anvil cell (HDAC) was used to observe the microthermometric behavior of solid + liquid + vapor inclusions in spodumene from the Tanco pegmatite, Manitoba, under confining pressure. At 25 °C, these inclusions commonly contain a carbonate mineral (zabuyelite, rarely calcite or nahcolite), quartz, a phyllosilicate (cookeite), and an aqueous carbonic fluid phase. Heating spodumene-hosted inclusions to temperatures between 600 and 680 °C in a HDAC resulted in total or partial dissolution of the contained solid phases, followed by homoepitaxial growth of new spodumene on the inclusion walls, which reduced the inclusion volume by up to 31%. At room temperature, the homogenized inclusions contain only an aqueous fluid phase, CO2 liquid, and CO2 vapor. Inclusions that failed to homogenize at 680 °C, or leaked during heating, contain partially dissolved minerals with or without an aqueous carbonic fluid.
The volume of spodumene formed within an inclusion during experimental re-heating, as determined by the difference in inclusion size before and after total dissolution of the contained solid phases, was used to estimate the volume of zabuyelite, quartz/cristobalite, and cookeite produced by the reaction The relative volumes of the calculated reaction products approximate the proportions of zabuyelite, quartz/cristobalite, and cookeite in inclusions prior to heating. The absence of silicate glass in the quenched homogenized inclusions indicates that they do not represent the crystallized products of an entrapped hydrous silicate melt that wetted the surface of spodumene during its growth. Large changes in inclusion volume and composition during experimental re-heating shows that the inclusions are neither isochoric nor isoplethic systems and as such are unsuitable for estimating the P-T conditions of trapping. Readers should therefore exercise caution when using thermobaric estimates of pegmatite crystallization inferred from microthermometric measurements of presumably primary melt inclusions in spodumene.
Fluorapophyllite-(Cs), CsCa4(Si8O20)F(H2O)8, a new apophyllite-group mineral from the Darai-Pioz Massif, Tien-Shan, northern Tajikistan
Authors: Agakhanov Atali A. , Pautov Leonid A. , Kasatkin Anatoly V. , Karpenko Vladimir Yu. , Sokolova Elena , Day Maxwell C. , Hawthorne Frank C. , Muftakhov Vyacheslav A. , Pekov Igor V. , Cámara Fernando , Britvin Sergey N. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Fluorapophyllite-(Cs) (IMA 2018-108a), ideally CsCa4(Si8O20)F(H2O)8, is an apophyllite-group mineral from the moraine of the Darai-Pioz glacier, Tien-Shan, Northern Tajikistan. Associated minerals are quartz, pectolite, baratovite, aegirine, leucosphenite, pyrochlore, neptunite, fluorapophyllite-(K), and reedmergnerite. Fluorapophyllite-(Cs) is a hydrothermal mineral. It is colorless and has a vitreous luster and a white streak. Cleavage is perfect; it is brittle and has a stepped fracture. Mohs hardness is 4.5–5. Dmeas. = 2.54(2) g/cm3, Dcalc. = 2.513 g/cm3. Fluorapophyllite-(Cs) is unixial (+) with refractive indices (λ = 589 nm) ω = 1.540(2), ε = 1.544(2). It is non-pleochroic. Chemical analysis by electron microprobe gave SiO2 48.78, Al2O3 0.05, CaO 22.69, Cs2O 10.71, K2O 1.13, Na2O 0.04, F 1.86, H2Ocalc. 14.61, –O=F2 –0.78, sum 99.09 wt.%; H2O was calculated from crystal-structure analysis. The empirical formula based on 29 (O + F) apfu, H2O = 8 pfu, is (Cs0.75K0.24)Σ0.99(Ca3.99Na0.01)Σ4(Si8.01Al0.01)Σ8.02O20.03F0.97(H2O)8, Z = 2. The simplified formula is (Cs,K)(Ca,Na)4(Si,Al)8O20F(H2O)8. Fluorapophyllite-(Cs) is tetragonal, space group P4/mnc, a 9.060(6), c 15.741(11) Å, V 1292.10(19) Å3. The crystal structure has been refined to R1 = 4.31% based on 498 unique (Fo &gt; 4σF) reflections. In the crystal structure of fluorapophyllite-(Cs), there is one [4]T site occupied solely by Si, &lt;T–O&gt; = 1.615 Å. SiO4 tetrahedra link to form a (Si8O20)8– sheet perpendicular to [001]. Between the Si–O sheets, there are two cation sites: A and B. The A site is coordinated by eight H2O groups [O(4) site], A–O(4) = 3.152(4) Å; the A site contains Cs0.75K0.24□0.01, ideally Cs apfu. The Cs–O bond length of 3.152 Å is definitely larger than the K–O bond length of 2.966–2.971 Å in fluorapophyllite-(K), KCa4(Si8O20)F(H2O)8. The [7]B site contains Ca3.99Na0.01, ideally Ca4apfu; &lt;B–φ&gt; = 2.417 Å (φ = O, F, H2O). The Si–O sheets connect via A and B polyhedra and hydrogen bonding; two H atoms have been included in the refinement. Fluorapophyllite-(Cs) is isostructural with fluorapophyllite-(K). Fluorapophyllite-(Cs) is a Cs-analogue of fluorapophyllite-(K).
On Doppler Shift and Its Center-to-limb Variation in Active Regions in the Transition Region
Authors: Ghosh Avyarthana , Klimchuk James A. , Tripathi Durgesh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the structure of Doppler motions in the transition region including the center-to-limb variation and its relationship with the magnetic field structure is vital for the understanding of mass and energy transfer in the solar atmosphere. In this paper, we have performed such a study in an active region using the Si iv 1394 Å emission line recorded by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph and the line-of-sight photospheric magnetic field obtained by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The active region has two opposite polarity strong field regions separated by a weak field corridor, which widened as the active region evolved. On average, the strong field regions (corridor) show(s) redshifts of 5–10 (3–9) km s−1 (depending on the date of observation). There is, however, a narrow lane in the middle of the corridor with near-zero Doppler shifts at all disk positions, suggesting that any flows there are very slow. The Doppler velocity distributions in the corridor seem to have two components—a low velocity component centered near 0 km s−1 and a high-velocity component centered near 10 km s−1. The high-velocity component is similar to the velocity distributions in the strong field regions, which have just one component. Both exhibit a small center-to-limb variation and seem to come from the same population of flows. To explain these results, we suggest that the emission from the lower transition region comes primarily from warm type II spicules, and we introduce the idea of a “chromospheric wall”—associated with classical cold spicules—to account for a diminished center-to-limb variation.
The Effect of Bulge Mass on Bar Pattern Speed in Disk Galaxies
Authors: Kataria Sandeep Kumar , Das Mousumi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We present a study of the effect of bulge mass on the evolution of bar pattern speed in isolated disk galaxies using N-body simulations. Earlier studies have shown that disk stars at the inner resonances can transfer a significant amount of angular momentum to the dark matter halo and this results in the slowdown of the bar pattern speed. In this paper we investigate how the mass of the other spheroidal component, the bulge, affects bar pattern speeds. In our galaxy models the initial bars are all rotating fast as the

parameter. The ratio of the corotation radius to bar radius is less than 1.4, which is typical of fast bars. However, as the galaxies evolve with time, the bar pattern speed (Ω
p
) slows down, leading to

for all the models except for the model with the most massive bulge, in which the bar formed late and did not have time to evolve. The rapid slowdown of Ω
p
is due to the larger angular momentum transfer from the disk to the bulge and to interactions between stars at the inner resonances and those in the bar. Hence we conclude that the decrease in Ω
p
clearly depends on bulge mass in barred galaxies and decreases faster for galaxies with more massive bulges. We discuss the implications of our results for observations of bar pattern speeds in galaxies.
The Radius–Luminosity Relationship Depends on Optical Spectra in Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Du Pu , Wang Jian-Min 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The radius–luminosity (

) relationship of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) established by the reverberation mapping (RM) observations has been widely used as a single-epoch black hole mass estimator in the research of large AGN samples. However, the recent RM campaigns discovered that the AGNs with high-accretion rates show shorter time lags by factors of a few comparing with the predictions from the

relationship. The explanation of the shortened time lags has not been finalized yet. We collect eight different single-epoch spectral properties to investigate how the shortening of the time lags correlates with those properties and to determine the origin of the shortened lags. We find that the flux ratio between Fe ii and Hβ emission lines shows the most prominent correlation, thus confirming that accretion rate is the main driver for the shortened lags. In addition, we establish a new scaling relation including the relative strength of Fe ii emission. This new scaling relation can provide less biased estimates of the black hole mass and accretion rate from the single-epoch spectra of AGNs.
Toward a More Complex Description of Chemical Profiles in Exoplanet Retrievals: A Two-layer Parameterization
Authors: Changeat Q. , Edwards B. , Waldmann I. P. , Tinetti G. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
State of the art spectral retrieval models of exoplanet atmospheres assume constant chemical profiles with altitude. This assumption is justified by the information content of current data sets which do not allow, in most cases, for the molecular abundances as a function of pressure to be constrained. In the context of the next generation of telescopes, a more accurate description of chemical profiles may become crucial to interpret observations and gain new insights into atmospheric physics. We explore here the possibility of retrieving pressure-dependent chemical profiles from transit spectra, without injecting any priors from theoretical chemical models in our retrievals. The “two-layer” parameterization presented here allows for the independent extraction of molecular abundances above and below a certain atmospheric pressure. By simulating various cases, we demonstrate that this evolution from constant chemical abundances is justified by the information content of spectra provided by future space instruments. Comparisons with traditional retrieval models show that assumptions made on chemical profiles may significantly impact retrieved parameters, such as the atmospheric temperature, and justify the attention we give here to this issue. We find that the two-layer retrieval accurately captures discontinuities in the vertical chemical profiles, which could be caused by disequilibrium processes—such as photochemistry—or the presence of clouds/hazes. The two-layer retrieval could also help to constrain the composition of clouds and hazes by exploring the correlation between the chemical changes in the gaseous phase and the pressure at which the condensed phase occurs. The two-layer retrieval presented here therefore represents an important step forward in our ability to constrain theoretical chemical models and cloud/haze composition from the analysis of future observations.
Two Years of Nonthermal Emission from the Binary Neutron Star Merger GW170817: Rapid Fading of the Jet Afterglow and First Constraints on the Kilonova Fastest Ejecta
Authors: Hajela A. , Margutti R. , Alexander K. D. , Kathirgamaraju A. , Baldeschi A. , Guidorzi C. , Giannios D. , Fong W. , Wu Y. , MacFadyen A. , Paggi A. , Berger E. , Blanchard P. K. , Chornock R. , Coppejans D. L. , Cowperthwaite P. S. , Eftekhari T. , Gomez S. , Hosseinzadeh G. , Laskar T. , Metzger B. D. , Nicholl M. , Paterson K. , Radice D. , Sironi L. , Terreran G. , Villar V. A. , Williams P. K. G. , Xie X. , Zrake J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We present Chandra and Very Large Array observations of GW170817 at ∼521–743 days post-merger, and a homogeneous analysis of the entire Chandra data set. We find that the late-time nonthermal emission follows the expected evolution of an off-axis relativistic jet, with a steep temporal decay

F

ν

∝

t

−
1.95
±
0.15

and power-law spectrum

F

ν

∝

ν

−
0.575
±
0.007

. We present a new method to constrain the merger environment density based on diffuse X-ray emission from hot plasma in the host galaxy and find

n
≤
9.6
×

10

−
3

cm

−
3

. This measurement is independent from inferences based on jet afterglow modeling and allows us to partially solve for model degeneracies. The updated best-fitting model parameters with this density constraint are a fireball kinetic energy

E

0

=

1.5

−
1.1

+
3.6

×

10

49

erg

(

E

iso

=

2.1

−
1.5

+
6.4

×

10

52

erg

) and jet opening angle

θ

0

=

5.9

−
0.7

+
1.0

deg

with characteristic Lorentz factor

Γ

j

=

163

−
43

+
23

, expanding in a low-density medium with

n

0

=

2.5

−
1.9

+
4.1

×

10

−
3

cm

−
3

and viewed

θ

obs

=

30.4

−
3.4

+
4.0

deg

off-axis. The synchrotron emission originates from a power-law distribution of electrons with index

p
=

2.15

−
0.02

+
0.01

. The shock microphysics parameters are constrained to

ϵ

e

=

0.18

−
0.13

+
0.30

and

ϵ

B

=

2.3

−
2.2

+
16.0

×

10

−
3

. Furthermore, we investigate the presence of X-ray flares and find no statistically significant evidence of ≥2.5σ of temporal variability at any time. Finally, we use our observations to constrain the properties of synchrotron emission from the deceleration of the fastest kilonova ejecta with energy

E

k

KN

∝

(
Γ
β
)

−
α

into the environment, finding that shallow stratification indexes α ≤ 6 are disfavored. Future radio and X-ray observations will refine our inferences on the fastest kilonova ejecta properties.
Technology-Based Nursing Education: Overview and Call for Further Dialogue
Authors: Mallow Gail E , Gilje Fredricka 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
With the rapid growth of technology has come increasing reliance among health science disciplines to integrate technology into many courses. It is apparent that this reliance on technology in nursing education is increasing rapidly regardless of any guiding philosophy of education or pedagogy. The two-fold purpose of this article is to review the development of technology-based nursing education and to identify areas requiring further dialogue among nurse educators. It is becoming clear that nurse educators need to analyze values, communication, and social processes when deciding, judging, and assessing technological use within curricula. Nurse educators need to reflect on the tidal wave of change brought by technology and begin an earnest dialogue regarding its impact on the discipline.
CXCR3 Identifies Human Naive CD8+ T Cells with Enhanced Effector Differentiation Potential
Authors: De Simone Gabriele , Mazza Emilia M. C. , Cassotta Antonino , Davydov Alexey N. , Kuka Mirela , Zanon Veronica , De Paoli Federica , Scamardella Eloise , Metsger Maria , Roberto Alessandra , Pilipow Karolina , Colombo Federico S. , Tenedini Elena , Tagliafico Enrico , Gattinoni Luca , Mavilio Domenico , Peano Clelia , Price David A. , Singh Satya P. , Farber Joshua M. , Serra Valentina , Cucca Francesco , Ferrari Francesco , Orrù Valeria , Fiorillo Edoardo , Iannacone Matteo , Chudakov Dmitriy M. , Sallusto Federica , Lugli Enrico 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In mice, the ability of naive T (TN) cells to mount an effector response correlates with TCR sensitivity for self-derived Ags, which can be quantified indirectly by measuring surface expression levels of CD5. Equivalent findings have not been reported previously in humans. We identified two discrete subsets of human CD8+ TN cells, defined by the absence or presence of the chemokine receptor CXCR3. The more abundant CXCR3+ TN cell subset displayed an effector-like transcriptional profile and expressed TCRs with physicochemical characteristics indicative of enhanced interactions with peptide–HLA class I Ags. Moreover, CXCR3+ TN cells frequently produced IL-2 and TNF in response to nonspecific activation directly ex vivo and differentiated readily into Ag-specific effector cells in vitro. Comparative analyses further revealed that human CXCR3+ TN cells were transcriptionally equivalent to murine CXCR3+ TN cells, which expressed high levels of CD5. These findings provide support for the notion that effector differentiation is shaped by heterogeneity in the preimmune repertoire of human CD8+ T cells.