bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TRICUSPID VALVE REGURGITATION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ENDOCARDIAL LEADS PLACEMENT
Authors: Asad Muhammad , Khan Qurban Hussain , Hayat Azmat , Rehman Waheed -ur- , Shabbir Muhammad , Naseem Amer , Shah Noor , Khadim Rehana 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To assess prospectively the presence and degree of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after right ventricular (RV) lead placement utilizing 2-dimensional and doppler echocardiography in a group of patients implanted with Permanent pace-maker or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD).
Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at OPD of AFIC/NIHD Rawalpindi from Jan to Jun 2019.
Methodology: One hundred patients after cardiac stimulation system implantation were included in this study. Patients with severe valve disease, heart failure, congenital heart disease, pre-existing pulmonary hypertension and presence of moderate or severe tricuspid regurgitation were excluded. M-mode, 2 –dimensional and doppler echocardiographic studies were performed. Continuous-wave doppler measurements were made from apical four-chamber view in order to obtain maximum tricuspid flow velocities. A complete echocardiographic study was performed following device implantation. Echocardiographic measurements were repeated at 6-months of follow-up period. Those patients who developed tricuspid regurgitation were further assessed by color doppler, taking into account density and contour of the jet on continuous-wave doppler. Tricuspid regurgitation severity was classified into three groups: mild, moderate and severe according to the recommendations for non-invasive evaluation of native valvular regurgitation by the American Society of Echocardiography. The collected data was analysed by using SPSS-23.
Results: Out of 100 patients, 67 (67%) were males and 33(33%) were females with the mean age of 65.29 ± 12.02 years. All the patients had normal chambers dimensions before the procedure. 65 (65%) had leads screwed to RV apex while 35 (35%) had through RV septum. 83 (83%) patients received a dual chamber device, while 17 (17%) patients got single chamber (ventricular) device implanted. Following device implantation after 6 months mild TR was noted in 4 (4%), moderate TR in 4 (4%) and severe TR 2 (2%) in cases.
Conclusion: Tricuspid incompetence following endocardial leads implantation is not rare and occurred in approximately 10% of our patients. This complication may be preventable, because it is likely due to the interference of the endocardial lead with the TV.
OUTCOMES OF TRANSRADIAL APPROACH IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION FOR ACUTE ST SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Rashdi Amna , Ahmad Ayaz , Ali Jahanzab , Usman Ahmad , Shahzad Syed Khurram , Rahman Atiq Ur 
Published: January 2021

Objective: An experience to evaluate the outcomes, feasibility, effectiveness and safety of transradial approach practice in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST elevation Myocardial infarction in Army Cardiac Centre.
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Army Cardiac Centre, Lahore, from Jan 2020 to Mar 2020.
Methodology: All patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention via transradial approach for acute ST elevation Myocardial infarction were included. Informed consent was taken signed. Demographic characteristics, risk factors, time variables like arterial access time, door to balloon time and procedural success was determined.
Results: Out of enrolled patients in study, frequency of males and females were 49 (82%) and 9 (18%) respectively. The mean age was 57 ± 10.86 years ranging from 30 to 75 years. On admission, 25 (50%) were hypertensives, 20 (40%) had diabetes and 18 (36%) were smokers. The initial choice for primary percutaneous coronary intervention was transradial approach in all patients, right side 49 (98%) and left side 1 (2%). Due to failure to achieve radial access transfemoral and homolateral ulnar approach was adopted 2 (4%) and 1 (2%) respectively leading to 96% success and 4% failure for transradial access. The main infarcted artery was LAD 31 (62%) followed RCA 15 (30%) Time to arterial access time was 2 mins, door to balloon 34 mins. Eighty percent complication free transradial approach was achieved, 8 (16%) patients had pain and 2 (4%) developed hematoma.
Conclusion: Our results proved Transradial approach for primary PCI as a safe, feasible and cost effective procedure.
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MENTAL HEALTH OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS DURING PANDEMIC; AN EXPERIENCE AT A TERTIARY CARDIAC CARE SET UP
Authors: Parveen Sajida , Awan Sajal , Rabbani Faiza , Pervaiz Farrah , Khan Aleena , Khan Fahad Ahmad , Javaid Rehana , Kausar Naheed 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To assess the frequency of mental health problems among healthcare workers related to COVID-19 pandemic among health care workers in a tertiary cardiac care center.Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/ National Institute of Heart Diseases (AFIC/NIHD) Rawalpindi (Pakistan) from Apr 2020 to Jun 2020.
Methodology: This study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study consisted of 100 healthcare workers including 50 nurses and 50 doctors who volunteered to enroll in our study were included. Approval from the clinical research ethics committee of cardiac care hospital was received before the initiation of this study. Verbal informed consent was provided by all study participants prior to their enrollment. Exclusion criteria comprised of the healthcare workers who refused to participate in it. This study followed the COVID-19 Pandemic Mental Health Questionnaire (CoPaQ) 14. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the percentages and frequencies. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the percentages and frequencies were calculated and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 23.0.
Results: A total of 100 healthcare workers completed the survey. Mean age of the healthcare workers was 36.5 ± 27.0 years (median=36.00), and 75 (75%) were women and men comprised 25 (25%). Of all participants, 50 (50.0%) were nurses, and 50 (50%) were doctors. A considerable proportion of participants reported symptoms of COVID19, 6 (6.0%), tested positive 14 (14%), currently quarantine 24 (24.0%). While 12 healthcare workers experienced 14 day quarantine time period. 16 healthcare workers reported COVID test positive of their closed one. The fear of infecting others with COVID-19 was found to be 30 (30%). The mental stress that that COVID-19 will personally affect us was found in 28 (28%) of healthcare workers. The fear that consequences of the COVID-19 will be severe health disasters was found in 40 (40%) of the individuals.
Conclusion: In this study of physicians and nurses in hospitals with wards for patients with COVID-19, health care workers responding to the spread of COVID-19 reported high rates of symptoms of anxiety, fear, and distress.
IN STENT RESTENOSIS (ISR) IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (PCI) FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD)
Authors: Raja Waseem , Samore Naseer Ahmed , Saif Mohsin , Kamran Javeria , Waheed Sidra , Tariq Naeem , Tuyyab Farhan , Siddiqui Abdul Hameed 
Published: January 2021

Objective: To study the frequency of In-Stent Restenosis and its treatment in patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for coronary artery disease.
Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Cardiology, Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology & National Institute of Heart disease (AFIC/NIHD) Rawalpindi, from Jul 2017 to Jul 2019.
Methodology: All the patients who underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Coronary Artery Disease at our institute were considered for this study. A consecutive sampling method was used and inclusion/exclusion criteria was applied. Following data was obtained; 1) Demographic information and clinical risk factors like history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, smoking, coronary artery disease characteristics(number of diseased arteries, bifurcation lesions, calcification, chronic total occlusions-CTO and tortuosity) 3), Stent factors (under expansion, fracture, longitudinal miss, stent gap). Data recording, storage, assessment and analysis was done by using SPSS software version 21.
Results: Among 1332 cases, 50 had In-Stent Restenosis with overall prevalence of 3.75%. Mean age of the patients with In-Stent Restenosis was 58.76 (± 9.97), with 45 (90%) male and 5 (10%) female. Diabetes Mellitus was the commonest risk factor (22.9%) followed by Hypertension (18%). Sixty four percent of the patients (n=32) had Single Vessel Coronary Artery Disease, 14 (28%) had Double Vessel Coronary Artery Disease and 4 (8%) had Tripple Vessel Coronary Artery Disease. Left Anterior Descending was the commonest coronary artery that developed In-Stent Restenosis, followed by Right Coronary Artery and Left Circumflex respectively. Previously deployed stents which developed In-Stent Restenosis showed longitudinal geographical miss in 16%, stent under expansion in 6% and stent gap in 4%. There was statistically significant association (p-value=0.02) between stent length and frequency of In-Stent Restenosis and it was commonest in stents longer than 30 mm. Eighty six percent(n=43) of In-Stent Restenosis cases in our study group was treated with Drug Eluting Stent followed by Drug Eluting Balloon in 32% and Plain Old Balloon Angioplasty in 22%.
Conclusion: History of diabetes mellitus and greater stent length were major risk factors in developing In-Stent Restenosis in our study. DES was the commonest treatment modality used.Keywords: , , .
Universidades y diversidad cultural en América Latina
Authors: Donoso Romo Andrés 
Published: January 2021

El artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación cualitativa sobre el estado del arte de la educación y la diversidad cultural en Chile y América
Latina, con especial interés en lo realizado por las universidades. Una investigación que se prolongó por casi tres meses, que incluyó revisión bibliográfica actualizada,
entrevistas a especialistas en Chile, Bolivia y Perú y un grupo focal con estudiantes de postgrado sensibilizados y que logró determinar cuáles son y han sido las experiencias más significativas al respecto, cómo son analizadas e interpretadas por las voces más autorizadas en la materia y cómo se estima que deberían proyectarse en los próximos años. El estudio debió despejar dudas sobre las diferencias entre educación intercultural, etnoeducación y educación intercultural
bilingüe, optando por incluirlas bajo la denominación “educación y diversidad cultural”, asumiéndolas como herederas de la tradición indigenista latinoamericana y analizando, luego, sus convergencias y divergencias en tanto prácticas y comprensiones. Finalmente, las recetas recogidas para impulsar, profundizar y proyectar estos temas estribaron entre mayor militancia y mayor investigación.
Sistema de selección universitaria en Chile
Authors: Carrasco Barrera Carolina 
Published: January 2021

Se aborda el origen del actual sistema de selección universitaria (PSU) y las evaluaciones existentes respecto de su implementación y resultados, las cuales son ambivalentes, habiendo antecedentes de alta confiabilidad y valor predictivo de las pruebas, pero también de alta inequidad en el ingreso universitario. A partir de ello, se sugiere considerar nuevos indicadores para validar la selección universitaria, además del rendimiento al primer año, mencionando como ejemplos
las tasas de deserción universitaria y de titulación. Asimismo, se señalan algunas experiencias innovadoras, nacionales e internacionales, en la selección universitaria. Finalmente, el artículo invita a reflexionar respecto de los objetivos de la formación universitaria, proponiendo cambios e innovaciones profundas en el actual sistema de selección, para pasar desde un sistema que admite a quienes tienen altas probabilidades de obtener un buen rendimiento en el primer año, a un sistema que admite a quienes tienen motivación para estudiar una carrera, presentan habilidades y competencias para ejercerla, y tienen las características e intereses que les permitirán sentirse satisfechos en su ejercicio.
ÉTICA E XAMANISMO
Authors: Leopoldo Rafael , Starling Roberto 
Published: January 2021

RESUMO
O presente paper primeiro propõe uma ecologia do medo diante do antropoceno. Trata-se de sentir o medo in concreto como parece propor o xamã Davi Kopenawa ou o filósofo Günther Anders. Desta forma, podemos estar diante do real perigo do antropoceno. Após, a exposição dessa ecologia do medo nós analisamos a Guerra dos Mundos elaborada, inicialmente, por Bruno Latour e reelaborada por Eduardo Viveiros de Castro e Déborah Danowski. Nós pensamos na distinção entre os Humanos (os modernos) e os Terranos (o povo que falta). Por último, propomos voltar a análise das tecnologias de si proposta por Michel Foucault. Foucault no seu livro A hermenêutica do sujeito produz uma genealogia do cuidado de si. Porém, o ponto não abordado dessa genealogia é que ela tem o seu início no xamanismo, assim, entramos na pré-história do cuidado de si para pensarmos um cuidado de si ameríndio na atualidade como possível resposta ao antropoceno.
ENSINO, EPIDEMIAS E HISTÓRIA: COMO O ESTUDO HISTÓRICO TENTOU NOS ALERTAR SOBRE O ETERNO RETORNO DOS ACONTECIMENTOS
Authors: Mauro Giovanna de Campos , Mauro Sergio 
Published: January 2021

A fundação das primeiras escolas jesuítas no Brasil apenas 49 anos depois de seu descobrimento não impediram que a difusão do ensino, mais especificamente, do ensino de história, ocorresse de forma tardia e lenta. É de se esperar, como consequência, que o seu povo não tenha afinidade com o estudo da disciplina iniciada por Heródoto, na Antiguidade Clássica. O presente artigo almeja, dessa forma, demonstrar como a falta de consciência histórica, herança da colonização de uma metrópole que não considerou a educação uma prioridade, se reflete no modo brasileiro de lidar com crises mundiais, nesse caso, com a atual pandemia causada pelo vírus COVID-19.
0CURRÍCULO COMO MATERIALIZAÇÃO DE CONCEITOS, IDEOLOGIAS E PROJETOS SOCIETÁRIOS
Authors: Veloso Silene Gelmini Araújo 
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo confrontar as concepções de três autores do campo do currículo: Apple, Young e Freire. Trata-se de um texto teórico, produzido a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho interpretativo. Esses autores foram escolhidos por serem clássicos do campo curricular e por apresentarem proposições que ora convergem e ora divergem, o que proporciona um panorama crítico da discussão sobre currículo. Ao apresentarem as suas considerações para as questões: A que ou a quem servem as escolas? (APPLE); Para que servem as escolas? (YOUNG); e Como a escola pode contribuir para a construção da conexão homem-mundo por meio do conhecimento contextualizado? (FREIRE), o artigo provoca a discussão sobre a pseudoneutralidade dos conhecimentos escolares e as diversas funções da escola na construção de diferentes projetos de sociedade. Currículo e poder, conhecimento “poderoso” e conhecimento contextualizado, movimento de “modernização conservadora” e as políticas de performatividade e o currículo como potencializador da necessária consciência e conexão homem-mundo por meio da construção da autonomia dos estudantes, são alguns dos temas tratados no artigo que se coloca como um painel de concepções curriculares.
Salt tax
Authors: Clarysse Willy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSalt is a regular necessity for both humans and animals and, because its extraction from salt pans or quarries can fairly easily be controlled, from an early date governments have been interested in this product. They have either monopolized the sale of salt or have taxed producers and/or consumers. The “gabelle” was one of the most hated taxes in France, lasting up to 1945, and protest against the salt tax in 1930 was a turning point in Gandhi's campaign against British rule.
Slavery, Greece
Authors: Kamen Deborah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSlavery is attested in nearly all periods of ancient Greek history and in nearly all parts of the Greek world. Slaves could be owned by a private individual, a god, or apolis; some were acquired through trading networks or captured in war, whereas others represented an entire enslaved community. In mostpoleis, slaves were engaged in every sector of the economy but possessed limited or no rights. Manumission was possible but granted infrequently, and freed slaves occupied a precarious legal and social position.
Lysippos (Lysippus)
Authors: Bobou Olympia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Lysippos (active ca. 370–316/300
bce
) was one of the most innovative sculptors of the late Classical and Hellenistic periods, working primarily in bronze and equally adept at portraiture, depictions of deities, heroes, personifications, and even animals, all in different scales. His versatility, innovations, and productivity (more than 1,500 statues) ensured his everlasting fame in antiquity and beyond.
Ezekiel the tragedian
Authors: Atkinson Kenneth 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEzekiel the tragedian is a Hellenistic Jewish poet. Nothing is known about Ezekiel's background. The language and content of his play suggest that he may have lived any time from the late third to the mid first centurybce. It is possible that his mention of the mythical Phoenix alludes to Ptolemy III (247–221bce), during whose reign this creature purportedly appeared. Ezekiel's acquaintance with Greek drama, language, mythology, and the Septuagint suggest he lived in Alexandria, Egypt.
Iudicium populi
Authors: Banfi Antonio 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

The Roman
iudicium populi
(literally “popular tribunal” or “popular judgment”) was a criminal trial where the verdict was given by an assembly of the people, the
comitia centuriata
or the
comitia tributa
; in the Archaic age, the ancient
comitia centuriata
had jurisdiction over the most serious criminal offenses.
Kos (Cos)
Authors: Cojocaru Victor 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Geographically and historically linked to Asia Minor, Kos was, until the fourth century
bce
, an actor of only minor importance in what was called the third Greece beyond Athens and Sparta. After the
metoikismos
of at least two preexisting
poleis
, a new city was founded on the northeastern coast of the island, in 366/5. The unified Koan state rose to great prominence in the eastern Mediterranean, as one of the main maritime and trading centers of the Aegean. The island exported wine, olive oil, and silk. But its worldwide fame is primarily associated with the name of Hippocrates of Kos, the father of medicine.
Armant (Hermonthis)
Authors: Thiers Christophe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The ancient city of Armant (ancient Egyptian names: Iuny, Iunu, Iunu‐shema, Iunu‐Montu), the Greek Hermonthis and Coptic Ermont, was located 15 km south of Thebes on the west bank of the Nile.
Glevum (Gloucester)
Authors: Rogers Adam 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Glevum lies beneath Gloucester in western Britain, at the lowest point at which the River Severn could be bridged in Roman times. It was situated within the territory of the Dobunni on the route from England to southern Wales. A tombstone found in Rome describes M. Ulpius Quintus as Ner(via) Glevi (
CIL
VI 3346), indicating that Colonia Nervia Glevensium was the official city name and that it was probably founded around 96–98
ce
during the reign of Nerva.
Hostis
/
hostis
‐declaration
Authors: Lundgreen Christoph 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

The Romans semantically distinguished between personal
inimici
(as opposed to
amici
), and foreign
hostes
, who were encountered on the battlefield. In spite of that, in the course of the late Republic, Roman citizens too could be made to be viewed as
hostes
via the so‐called
hostis
‐declaration by the Senate. Notwithstanding the terminology, this powerful instrument for the exclusion of certain individuals was less of a legal process with clear juridical consequences and more of a rhetorical creation of enemies.
Design Principles for Cation‐Mixed Sodium Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Zhu Zhuoying , Tang Hanmei , Qi Ji , Li Xiang‐Guo , Ong Shyue Ping 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAll‐solid‐state sodium‐ion batteries are highly promising for next generation grid energy storage with improved safety. Among the known sodium superionic conductors, the Na3PnS4 family and the recently discovered Na11Sn2PnS12 (Pn = P, Sb) have garnered major interest due to their extremely high ionic conductivities. In this work, comprehensive investigation of the Na3PnS4‐Na4TtS4 (Pn = P/As/Sb, Tt = Si/Ge/Sn) phase space of superionic conductors using density functional theory calculations, as well as AIMD simulations on the promising new Na11Sn2PnS12 (Pn=P/As/Sb) structures are presented. Crucial design rules on the effect of cation mixing are extracted on relative phase stability, electrochemical stability, moisture stability, and ionic conductivity. In particular, it is shown that while larger cations can substantially improve the ionic conductivity and moisture stability in these structures, there is an inherent trade‐off in terms of electrochemical stability. Na11Sn2AsS12 is also identified as a hitherto unexplored stable sodium superionic conductor with higher Na+ conductivity and better moisture stability than the Na11Sn2PS12 and Na11Sn2SbS12 phases already reported experimentally.
Asymmetric Hydrocyanation of N‐Phosphinoyl Aldimines with Acetone Cyanohydrin by Cooperative Lewis Acid/Onium Salt/Brønsted Base Catalysis
Authors: Junge Thorsten , Titze Marvin , Frey Wolfgang , Peters René 
Published: January 2021

Abstractα‐Amino acids are of fundamental importance for life. Both natural and artificial α‐amino acids also play a crucial role for pharmaceutical purposes. The catalytic asymmetric Strecker reaction still provides one of the most attractive strategies to prepare scalemic α‐amino acids. Here we disclose a new concept for Strecker reactions, in which an achiral Brønsted base cooperates with a Lewis acid and an aprotic ammonium salt, which are both arranged in the same chiral catalyst entity. The described method could successfully address various long‐standing practical issues of this reaction type. The major practical advantages are that (1) the N‐protecting group is readily removable, (2) acetone cyanohydrin is attractive as cyanation reagent in terms of atom economy and cost efficiency, (3) an excess of the cyanation reagent is not necessary, (4) the new method does not require additives and (5) is performed at ambient temperature.