bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financing Healthcare in Indonesia
Authors: Suryanto Suryanto , Plummer Virginia , Boyle Malcolm 
Published: May 2020

Introduction: There have been two major transitions for healthcare in Indonesia: the implementation of government decentralisation and universal health insurance. A universal public health insurance called Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) was launched in January 2014 and aims to cover all Indonesian people.
Objective: The objective of this paper is to discuss the funding of healthcare in Indonesia through a comparison with other South East Asian countries.
Methodology: A search for relevant literature was undertaken using electronic databases, Ovid Medline, ProQuest Central, and Scopus from their commencement date until December 2015. The grey literature from the Indonesian government, the WHO’s and World Bank’s website, has been included.
Results: There were nine articles from Ovid Medline, eight from ProQuest Central, and 12 from Scopus that met the criteria. Seventeen articles were duplicates leaving 12 articles to be reviewed. Nine documents have been identified from grey literature.
Discussion: Most people in Indonesia sought health services from the private sector and were out-ofpocket financially or did not receive the required care. The private sector delivered 62.1% of health services compared to 37.9% by the government. Despite some inappropriate use of previous health insurance, the BPJS is expected to have improved management and will cover all citizens by the end of 2019.
Conclusion: Indonesia has undergone a series of changes to health system funding and health insurance. There are lessons that can be learnt from other countries, such as Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam, so that Indonesia can improve its health funding.
Abbreviations: BPJS – Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial.
Agricultura Familiar, Extensão Rural e Soberania e Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional: delimitando categorias analíticas à luz da implementação do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos no Brasil
Authors: Rafa Rafael Salgado , Dias Marcelo Miná , Souza Washington José de 
Published: May 2020

O artigo analisa a implementação do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) no Brasil, pontuando suas influências na cadeia de produção e comercialização, entraves e potencialidades para o segmento da agricultura familiar. Utiliza-se pesquisa qualitativa, delineada como estudo de caso, por meio da realização de observação direta, análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com agricultores familiares, gestores e entidades beneficiadas. As entrevistas foram submetidas ao software IRAMUTEQ, para análise de conteúdo lexical. Os dados indicaram que além de representar destino singular para o excedente produzido no campo, o PAA constitui-se relevante instrumento de política pública, não apenas pelo potencial de fomento à agricultura familiar, mas, também, pela promoção de segurança alimentar e nutricional a segmentos populacionais em situação de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica.
New Generations of Rocket Engines
Authors: Dariusz Stanisław Sobolewski  , Michał Amadeusz Sobolewski  , Marek Juliusz Sobolewski  , Joanna Paulina Sobolewska  , Natalia Julia Sobolewska  
Published: May 2020

The article, based on mathematical model of the space and particles revealed in "Theory of Space" (Sobolewski D. S., Theory of Space, 2016) (Sobolewski D. S., Theory of Space, 2017) and the description of the propagation of photons stated in publication entitled “Geometry of the Dark Matter and Preliminary Analysis of Alpha and Beta Photons’ Properties Based on Theory of Space” (Sobolewski, Sobolewski i Sobolewski, 2017), describes transverse waves propagating in space, including gravitational, fluctuating and matter waves. In particular, it focuses on waves of matter in which orientation of the spatial channels, connecting four-dimensional boundary hypersurfaces and , had been stabilised. For this type of the wave of matter the minimum energy value for deformation of boundary hypersurfaces of the matter waves has been appointed, which is smaller by several orders of magnitude than energy needed to change the orientation of vertical disturbances of space which connect four-dimensional boundary hypersurfaces and, The obtained results were used to introduce a new classification of rocket engines and to provide examples of their implementation. Furthermore, the article demonstrates first attempts to construct a rocket engine of the new type, including description of the principle of operation of the engine, which is subject of patent application entitled "HTS Photonic Rocket Engine" (Poland Patent nr P.421517, 2017), as well as presents an example of spacecraft shell implementation, which enables stabilization of orientation of its spatial channels. The Article thus reveals new perspectives for interplanetary travel through significant increase in spacecraft velocities, while simultaneously reducing the energy required to achieve them. In addition, the article describes interaction of photons with the boundary hypersurface , while determining the change in photon frequency depending on its curvature .
Pengaruh Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) terhadap Penurunan Kecemasan pada Perempuan Korban Kekerasan Seksual
Authors: Ardhani Anindita Nova , Nawangsih Sri Kandariyah 
Published: May 2020

<p><strong>Abstrak. </strong>Pengalaman-pengalaman yang terjadi dalam kehidupan tidak semuanya merupakan pengalaman yang menyenangkan. Setiap pengalaman melibatkan perasaan. Pengalaman positif melibatkan perasaan positif dan pengalaman negatif melibatkan perasaan negatif pula. Mengalami kekerasan seksual bagi perempuan merupakan pengalaman negatif yang sangat menyakitkan dan berdampak buruk pada kondisi psikologis. Seksualitas merupakan sesuatu yang kompleks dan sensitif yang tidak hanya menyangkut aspek biologis saja namun juga aspek psikologis dan juga sosial. Oleh sebab itu korban kekerasan seksual sangat mungkin mengalami gejala klinis akibat dari hal buruk yang dialaminya. Gejala klinis yang mungkin dialami adalah kecemasan. Penanganan dan penyembuhan kecemasan yang menjadi tanda terjadinya trauma psikis akibat kekerasan seksual haruslah mendapat perhatian besar agar dampak kekerasan seksual pada koran tidak semakin menjadi parah dan merusak kualitas hidup korban. ACT membantu untuk tetap menemukan kebahagiaan di tengah situasi yang tidak menyenangkan karena pengalaman negatif yang dialami dengan cara menerimanya. ACT mampu meningkatkan fleksibilitas psikologis. Semakin fleksibel seseorang maka semakin mudah menyesuaikan diri dengan kondisi karena memiliki kemampuan yang baik untuk menerima sehingga semakin mudah pula untuk bertindak menuju nilai yang ingin dicapai. ACT diharapkan dapat menurunkan kecemasan yang merupakan dampak yang dialami oleh perempuan korban kekerasan seksual. Dengan ACT, diharap akan terjadi peningkatan fleksibilitas psikologis yang dapat menurunkan kecemasan yang dialami korban kekerasan seksual.</p><p> </p><strong>Kata kunci</strong> : <em>kekerasan seksual, kecemasan, ACT</em>
Kenevir Liflerinin Eldesi, Karakteristik Özellikleri ve Tekstil Endüstrisindeki Uygulamaları
Authors: KAYA Seher , ONER Eren 
Published: May 2020

Kenevir, yenilenebilir ve sürdürülebilir karakterde ve çok amaçlı bir ürün olması sebebiyle bilimsel, sektörel ve ekonomik yönlerden günden güne önem kazanan bir malzeme olmaktadır. Esasında kenevir bitkisi insanlık tarihi boyunca kullanılmış en eski lif bitkilerinden birisidir. Buna karşın kenevir üretimi, esrar eldesinde kullanılabilmesi ve zamanla sentetik liflerin yaygınlaşması sebebiyle küresel anlamda gerilemiş ve ülkemizde ise bitme noktasına gelmiştir. Tekstil, ilaç, kâğıt, biyoyakıt, kozmetik ve otomotiv gibi birçok farklı sektörde oldukça geniş bir kullanım alanı olan kenevir, petrol ve petrokimyanın kullanıldığı her alanda alternatif olan, üstün özelliklere sahip bir bitkidir. Ayrıca kenevirin, ekolojik özellikleri sebebiyle de sürdürülebilirliğe fayda sağlaması beklenmektedir. Türkiye’deki iklim şartları kenevir yetiştirmeye elverişli olduğu için yapılacak yatırımların geri dönüşünün hızlı bir şekilde gerçekleşmesi ön görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada kenevirle ilgili güncel çalışmalar araştırılmış ve öne çıkan yanları değerlendirilerek çevresel ve ekonomik anlamda ülkemiz ve dünya geleceği açısından katkılarından bahsedilmiştir.
Redes Sociales: nuevos espacios de disputa y confrontación, un análisis del 30-S en Ecuador
Authors: Yarad Jeada Valeria 
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo muestra una etnografía virtual en Facebook y Twitter durante la revuelta policial del 30-S de 2010 en Ecuador, cuando hubo la hipótesis de un golpe de Estado contra el ex presidente, Rafael Correa, momento en que las redes sociales fueron protagonistas frente a los medios tradicionales. Se seleccionaron datos abiertos[1], analizando de forma cualitativa los discursos de los internautas.

[1] Todos los perfiles de Twitter y Facebook que se exponen en el artículo son abiertos, es decir no tienen restricción alguna, por ende son contenido público que se puede citar y referenciar.
Overcoming Disorthography of Primary Schoolchildren with General Speech Underdevelopment
Authors: Prishchepova I. V. 
Published: May 2020

The article discusses mechanisms of various kinds of disorthography (conditioned by the underdevelopment of morphological, phonemic and graphical bases of orthographic activity) in schoolchildren with general speech underdevelopment. It offers basic methodology and techniques to correct disorthography conditioned by inadequate child acquisition of phonemic, traditional principles of orthography and principles of graphics. A systematic work on the development of psychological and language components of this type of learning activity coupled with oral speech disorder overcoming facilitates successful acquisition of program requirements by such children. The following methods were used: practical (exercises, modelling, construction, schematization, games), visual (observation, image study, image and practical activity results demonstration, stimulus material demonstration), verbal methods (conversation, narration, method of language analysis and synthesis, grammar and orthographic tasks solution). The article covers the results of many years of positive experience in the correction of various types of disorthography of primary schoolchildren with general speech underdevelopment. Formation of grammatical and orthographic activity, the basics of speech and language competences, Russian language academic performance increase are prerequisites of linguistic personality development and child self-development. The practical importance of the research lies in the development and testing of methods of disorthography correction of children with general speech underdevelopment. The given methodology helps to improve their spelling skills and allows to carry out a purposeful and controlled formation of spelling activity. The results can be used in the work of speech therapy centers and educational establishments which carry out inclusive students’ education.
Effects of Paracetamol on Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Sclerostin and FETUIN-A in the Liver of Rat Fetuses
Authors: YİLMAZ Seher , GÖÇMEN Yeşim , TOKPINAR Adem , UÇAR İlyas , ATEŞ Şükrü , AVNİOĞLU Seda , NİSARİ Mehtap 
Published: May 2020

Aim: Paracetamol is widely used by important societal groups such as pregnant women and the elderly. Paracetamol, taken in high doses especially during pregnancy, causes liver failure. The aim of our study is to investigate the effects of paracetamol, which is widely used during pregnancy, on the fetal liver. Methods: In our study, five groups of randomly selected rats from 10 Wistar Albino rats (n=2) were formed as control group, 50 mg / kg paracetamol group, 125 mg / kg paracetamol group, 250 mg / kg paracetamol group and 500 mg / kg paracetamol group. Paracetamol by gavage was given to pregnant rats in specified doses. Fetuses were taken by cesarean on the 20th day of pregnancy (10 fetuses were taken from each group). The fetus livers were then taken for biochemical analysis. Biochemically, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), FETU-A (FETUIN-A) (α2-heremans-schmid glikoprotein) and Sclerostin (SOST) values were examined.Results: In this study, changes in liver hepatocyte cells are seen as the dose of paracetamol increases. Regular increase is observed in VEGF-A and FETU-A. SOST increased at a dose of 250 mg / kg and decreased in the group of 500 mg / kg paracetamol. (p&lt;0.05).Conclusions: As a result, it is seen that the use of high doses of paracetamol in pregnancy causes changes in the liver and many biochemical values on the fetus. We think that an overdosing of paracetamol, which is sold without prescription and used as an innocent analgesic during pregnancy, should be examined and this study will be a reference for other studies to be conducted.
Correlation of Functional and Radiological Results with Three-Dimensional Gait Analysis in Patients with Unilateral Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Authors: ÜÇPUNAR Hanifi , BENG Kubilay , AYDİL Sebahat , YILDIRIM Timur , YAĞMURLU Mehmet , BAYHAN Avni İlhan 
Published: May 2020

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between gait analysis and clinical and radiographic results in patients operated for slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE).Materials and Methods: This study included 31 patients with unilateral SCFE. The mean follow-up time was 3.3 ± 1.4 years. Harris hip score (HHS) and the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instruments (PODCI) scores were collected. Slip-angle, alpha-angle, lateral femoral head ratio (LFHR), articulotrochanteric distance (ATD), anteroposterior plane femoral head ratio (AP-FHR), anterior head-neck offset ratio (HNOR), and neck-shaft angle (NSA) were measured. An age-matched control group consisting of 20 healthy individuals was used for comparison. Results: Transfer and basic mobility subscale of PODCI was correlated with pelvis tilt ROM (r = −0.7, p &lt; 0.001), foot progression angle (FPA) ROM (r =−0.4, p=0.02), and mean spine tilt (r=−0.6, p&lt;0.001). FPA was also correlated with the HHS (r=−0.5, p&lt;0.001) and pain/comfort subscale of PODCI (r=−0.5, p=0.015). Significant correlations were detected between LFHR and mean hip flexion (r=−0.5, p&lt;0.001), pelvic tilt (r=−0.4, p=0.04), and mean spine tilt (r=0.6, p&lt;0.001). Correlations between ATD and mean internal rotation of the hip (r=0.5, p=0.03) and mean dorsal ankle extension (r=−0.4, p=0.03) were also significant. No significant correlation was found between the alpha angle, AP-FHR, and HNOR with the kinematic values.Conclusion: Clinical scores of patients treated for SCFE were mostly correlated with pelvic tilt ROM, FPA, and spine tilt. LFHR and ATD were observed as the most critical radiological measurements related to a patient’s gait function.
Chiari type I malformation: role of the Chiari Severity Index and Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale
Authors: Ahluwalia Ranbir , Foster Jarrett , Brooks Earllondra , Lim Jaims , Zhao Shilin , Gannon Stephen R. , Guidry Bradley , Wellons John , Shannon Chevis N. 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVEThe authors aimed to determine whether the Chiari Severity Index (CSI), and other clinical variables, can be used as a predictor of postoperative outcomes for Chiari type I malformation (CM-I) using the modified Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (mCCOS) as the postoperative measure.METHODSThe cohort included patients 18 years of age and younger who were treated for CM-I between 2010 and 2015 who had at least 12 months of clinical and radiographic follow-up. CSI grades were assigned using preoperative clinical and neuroimaging data. Clinical, radiographic, and operative data were obtained from medical records. Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman correlations were conducted to assess for differences among CSI grades. Linear and ordinal regressions were conducted to evaluate predictors of the mCCOS and its components. Statistical significance was set a priori at p < 0.05.RESULTSA total of 65 patients were included in the final cohort. The average age at the time of surgery and the mean mCCOS score were 9.8 ± 4.9 years and 10.4 ± 1.4, respectively. There were no significant differences in the mean mCCOS scores or CSI grades. Pre- and postoperative syrinx sizes were similar across the total patient cohort with median sizes of 7.4 and 3.7 mm, respectively. After controlling for age at the time of surgery, whether duraplasty and/or arachnoid dissection was performed, CSI preoperative score did not predict postoperative mCCOS score. No clinical variable could predict total mCCOS score. When the mCCOS was broken down into 3 subcomponents (pain, non-pain, and complications), only one relationship was identified. Those patients who presented with no headache had a statistically significant decrease in their pain (neck pain, shoulder pain, or dysesthesia in the upper extremities) as measured by the pain component of the mCCOS (χ2 [2, n = 20] = 6.43, p = 0.04). All other preclinical predictors, including CSI grades, were nonsignificant in demonstrating correlations to the mCCOS subcomponents.CONCLUSIONSCSI grade was not found to be a marker of surgical outcome as measured by the mCCOS in this study. There were no correlations between the clinical variables and covariates investigated with the mCCOS. The lack of variation in mCCOS scores across this cohort may suggest that the mCCOS is not adequate for detecting differences in postsurgical outcomes. Further investigation is warranted to make this determination.
Thick and diffuse cisternal clot independently predicts vasospasm-related morbidity and poor outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Aldrich E. François , Higashida Randall , Hmissi Abdel , Le Elizabeth J. , Macdonald R. Loch , Marr Angelina , Mayer Stephan A. , Roux Sébastien , Bruder Nicolas 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The presence of thick, diffuse subarachnoid blood may portend a worse clinical course and outcome, independently of other known prognostic factors such as age, aneurysm size, and initial clinical grade.

METHODS
In this post hoc analysis, patients with aSAH undergoing surgical clipping (n = 383) or endovascular coiling (n = 189) were pooled from the placebo arms of the Clazosentan to Overcome Neurological Ischemia and Infarction Occurring After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (CONSCIOUS)–2 and CONSCIOUS-3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 studies, respectively. Patients without and with thick, diffuse SAH (≥ 4 mm thick and involving ≥ 3 basal cisterns) on admission CT scans were compared. Clot size was centrally adjudicated. All-cause mortality and vasospasm-related morbidity at 6 weeks and Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended (GOSE) scores at 12 weeks after aSAH were assessed. The effect of the thick and diffuse cisternal aSAH on vasospasm-related morbidity and mortality, and on poor clinical outcome at 12 weeks, was evaluated using logistic regression models.

RESULTS
Overall, 294 patients (51.4%) had thick and diffuse aSAH. Compared to patients with less hemorrhage burden, these patients were older (median age 55 vs 50 years) and more often had World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade III–V SAH at admission (24.1% vs 16.5%). At 6 weeks, all-cause mortality and vasospasm-related morbidity occurred in 36.1% (95% CI 30.6%–41.8%) of patients with thick, diffuse SAH and in 14.7% (95% CI 10.8%–19.5%) of those without thick, diffuse SAH. Individual event rates were 7.5% versus 2.5% for all-cause death, 19.4% versus 6.8% for new cerebral infarct, 28.2% versus 9.4% for delayed ischemic neurological deficit, and 24.8% versus 10.8% for rescue therapy due to cerebral vasospasm, respectively. Poor clinical outcome (GOSE score ≥ 4) was observed in 32.7% (95% CI 27.3%–38.3%) and 16.2% (95% CI 12.1%–21.1%) of patients with and without thick, diffuse SAH, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
In a large, centrally adjudicated population of patients with aSAH, WFNS grade at admission and thick, diffuse SAH independently predicted vasospasm-related morbidity and poor 12-week clinical outcome. Patients with thick, diffuse cisternal SAH may be an important cohort to target in future clinical trials of treatment for vasospasm.
Changes in Water Surface Area of the Lake in the Steppe Region of Mongolia: A Case Study of Ugii Nuur Lake, Central Mongolia
Authors: Sumiya Erdenesukh , Dorjsuren Batsuren , Yan Denghua , Dorligjav Sandelger , Wang Hao , Enkhbold Altanbold , Weng Baisha , Qin Tianlin , Wang Kun , Gerelmaa Tuvshin , Dambaravjaa Oyunbaatar , Bi Wuxia , Yang Yuheng , Ganbold Byambabayar , Gedefaw Mohammed , Abiyu Asaminew , Girma Abel 
Published: May 2020

The Ugii Nuur Lake is not only one of the small hydrologically closed lakes located in the Orkhon River Basin in Central Mongolia but also the most vulnerable area for global climate change. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impacts of recent global climate change on the water surface area. The data we analyzed were various measured hydro-meteorological variables of the lake basin and the lake surface area, which was estimated from Landsat series satellite data from 1986 to 2018. The methods we used were Mann-Kendall (MK), Innovative trend analysis method (ITAM), Sen’s slope estimator test, correlation, and regression analysis. The variation of lake water surface area has a strong positive correlation with the change of the lake water level (r = 0.95). The Mann-Kendall trend analysis has indicated that under a significant decrease in total annual precipitation ( Z = −0.902) and inflow river discharge ( Z = −5.392) and a considerable increase in total annual evaporation ( Z = 4.385) and annual average air temperature ( Z = 4.595), the surface area of the Ugii Nuur Lake has decreased sharply ( Z = −6.021). The total annual evaporation (r = −0.64) and inflow river discharge (r = 0.67) were the essential hydro-meteorological factors affecting the surface area of the Ugii Nuur Lake. The lake surface area decreased by 13.5% in 2018 compared with 1986. In the near future, it is vital to conduct scientific studies considering the volume of lake water, groundwater, and the anthropogenic impact.
Insect base-protein: A new opportunity in animal nutrition
Authors: Toviho Odunayo , Bársony Péter 
Published: May 2020

The consumption of insect protein, as well as its use in animal feeding, has become a trend. This trend is particularly receiving a lot of attention in animal nutrition because the current protein source of the highest quality in animal feeding which is fishmeal is unsustainable, expensive and its demand is higher than supply. Insect protein can be of great potential in combating world hunger as the world population continues to increase. The potential of insect protein is wide-ranging, it could improve the economics of feed production, lead to cleaner production due to its low environmental footprint.
This review focuses on the need, (nutritional and environmental) advantages of insect protein in feed production, as well as previous research findings.
The unanimous conclusion of the reviewed papers is that insect protein has a great potential in feed production in terms of nutritional value, environmental implication, sustainability as well as economic implication.
However, there is a need for the intensification of research on this alternative protein source in Europe, especially in aquaculture due to the approval of 7 insect species in aquafeeds by the European Union. Another reason for the intensification is that there is still much to be done as a result of past research which shows that growth effects vary based on species and inclusion level.