bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges for implementing WFME standards for accreditation in health professions education in low and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Authors: Aisha Rafi  , Muhammad Idrees Anwar  , Admin  
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The accreditation standards developed by WFME are acknowledged as regulatory mechanism for quality assurance of medical education programs. The scoping review aims to collect all the published and unpublished evidence based on the inclusion criteria, to identify the barriers affecting the implementation of quality curriculum defined by WFME. It summarizes and presents the evidence-based challenges faced by middle and low income countries for accreditation process. The literature was searched using search terms, `challenges of WFME accreditation’, `barriers to accreditation’, `challenges to accreditation in health care system’, `hindrances to WFME accreditation standards’, `barriers to WFME standards’, in PubMed, ERIC, PsycINFO databases and Google scholar (for grey literature) to find the evidence published within last 10 years. This search strategy retrieved 922 publications and only 19 articles fulfill the inclusion criteria. A All those studies, which address the barriers or challenges to implementation of accreditation standards in medical education, were included. The inhibitors to implementation of curriculum in course other than medical education were excluded from the study. The included studies address the barriers to nine areas of WFME standards. The data was charted and QualSyst appraisal tool was used to appraise the quality of studies included in review. The eligibility of selected articles was carried out by using the validated QualSyst checklist to assess the quality of included studies. The scoping review will inform and lay the foundation for more empirical studies on quality improvement in health professions education particularly in low and middle-income countries.
Keywords: Challenges of accreditation,
ESTADO E INDUSTRIALIZAÇÃO: UM ESTUDO DE CASO DA DOM PORQUITO E DA ACREAVES NO ESTADO DO ACRE
Authors: Alana Katlhin dos Santos Bezerra  , Ana Karolina Fernandes Mourão  , Ponte Karina Furini da 
Published: November 2020

RESUMO
O artigo apresenta um estudo de caso sobre a industrialização no estado do Acre com foco nas indústrias de suinocultura Dom Porquito e de avicultura Acreaves. Para isso, partimos de uma análise do processo de industrialização no Acre, enfatizando suas peculiaridades e suas características. O objetivo principal do artigo é de analisar a relação entre o setor público (governo do estado do Acre) e o capital privado através de suas dinâmicas territoriais e industriais de produção, além de identificar o papel do campesinato nesta forma de organização produtiva. Como metodologia, foram feitas discussões teóricas que tratam da temática, assim como visita técnica e entrevista realizada com o diretor técnico da Dom Porquito e da Acreaves. Portanto ao compreender a dinâmica industrial no Acre, é possível refletir sobre sua realidade e seus percalços, bem como entender o papel do setor produtivo industrial para com o campesinato.
Palavras Chave: Estado; Industrialização; Dom Porquito; Acreaves
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN BEA PEROLEHAN HAK ATAS TANAH DAN BANGUNAN (BPHTB) TERHADAP KEPUASAN WAJIB PAJAK PADA KANTOR BADAN PENGELOLAAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH (BAPPENDA) KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Hari Subagyo Wawan , Melliza Rina 
Published: November 2020

Pajak Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan (BPHTB) merupakan salah satu sumber penerimaan daerah kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kualitas pelayanan meliputi kesederhanaan, kejelasan , kepastian, akurasi, keamanan, tanggung jawab, kelengkapan sarana dan prasarana, kemudahan akses, kedisiplinan, kesopanan dan keramahan, dan kenyamanan terhadap Kepuasan Wajib Pajak pada kantor BAPPENDA kabupaten Bogor. Sampel yang digunakan 121 responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode Regresi Linier Berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan Kesederhanaan (X1), Kepastian Waktu (X3), Tanggung Jawab (X6) dan Kemudahan Akses (X8) tidak berpengaruh terhadap Kepuasan Wajib Pajak (Y). Sedangkan variable Kejelasan (X2), Akurasi (X4), Keamanan (X5), Kelengkapan sarana dan prasarana (X7), Kedisiplinan, Kesopanan dan Keramahan (X9) dan Kenyamanan (X10) berpengaruh terhadap Kepuasan Wajib Pajak (Y) pada kantor BAPPENDA kabupaten Bogor.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Keberhasilan Implementasi Alokasi Dana Desa di Kecamatan Jujuhan Ilir Kabupaten Bungo-Jambi
Authors: Fhadilah Ainil 
Published: November 2020

Alokasi dana desa merupakan salah satu program kerja yang telah berlangsung sejak diberlakukannya UU Nomor 6 tahun 2014 pasal 72 ayat (1) tentang Desa, PP RI Nomor 22 tahun 2015 tentang Dana Desa. Program alokasi dana desa ini tentunya suatu terobosan yang sangat baik dan positif bagi seluruh masyarakat terutama masyarakat di pedesaan, karena alokasi dana desa ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan desa, seperti insfrastruktur, peningkatan ekonomi dan pembinaan masyarakat. Dalam keberhasilan upaya pengimplementasian alokasi dana desa yang baik ialah terjalinnya komunikasi yang baik terhadap stakeholder terkait baik stakeholder internal maupun eksternal, karena peran stakeholder disini tentunya sangat penting untuk mengupayakan segala bentuk kinerja menjadi lebih baik dan berjalan dengan lancar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan implementasi alokasi dana desa di Kecamatan Jujuhan Ilir Kabupaten Bungo-Jambi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan eksplanantif kuantitatif. Variabel independen meliputi Sumber Daya Manusia, Komitmen, Motivasi, Pelatihan, Sistem Audit Internal dan Variabel dependen yaitu Keberhasilan Implementasi Alokasi Dana Desa. Adapun populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh aparatur dan perangkat yang langsungterlibat dan mengetahui tentang pengelolaan alokasi dana desa di Kecamatan Jujuhan Ilir yakni sebanyak 87 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sensus, yaitu mendata secara keseluruhan populasi yang ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan Sumber Daya Manusia, Komitmen, Motivasi, Pelatihan, dan Sistem Audit Internal mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap Keberhasilan Implementasi Alokasi Dana Desa di Kecamatan Jujuhan Ilir Kabupaten BungoJambi. Secara parsial variabel Sumber Daya Manusia, Komitmen, Pelatihan, Sistem Audit Internal mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan, sedangkan variabel Motivasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap Keberhasilan Implementasi Alokasi Dana Desa di Kecamatan Jujuhan Ilir Kabupaten Bungo-Jambi. Kemampuan dari kelima variabel tersebut terhadap Keberhasilan Implementasi Alokasi Dana Desa dalam penelitian ini sebesar 85,6% sedangkan sisanya 14,4% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan ke dalam model penelitian.
Risk Assessment of Emitted Particle-bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Lignite-biomass Pelletization Burning: Size Distribution and Human Health Effects
Authors: KAN Rithy , KAOSOL Thaniya , TEKASAKUL Perapong , TEKASAKUL Surajit 
Published: November 2020

Risk assessment of emitted particle polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from lignite-biomass pelletization burning focusing on size distribution and human health effects are investigated. The particles and PAHs are experimented by a tube furnace and high performance liquid chromatography coupled diode array and fluorescence detectors (HPLC-DAD/FLD), respectively. The carcinogenic, mutagenic, and toxic potencies of PAHs are also discussed in relative to the size distribution of emitted particle PAHs. The results indicate that the carcinogenic, mutagenic, and toxic potencies of PAHs are like to accumulate in the ultrafine particles finer than 0.65 µm. The ultrafine particles contribute the largest PAHs existences of carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic substances; even though they register in the small mass fraction of PAHs. Moreover, the co-pellets burning can reduce the values of carcinogenic PAHs, carcinogenic equivalency quotients (BaP-TEQ), mutagenic equivalency quotients (BaP-MEQ), and toxic equivalency quotients (TCDD-TEQ) by more than 60%.
Biomass burning events measured by lidars in EARLINET – Part 1: Data analysis methodology
Authors: Adam Mariana , Nicolae Doina , Stachlewska Iwona S. , Papayannis Alexandros , Balis Dimitris 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The methodology of analysing the biomass burning events
recorded in the database of the European Aerosol Research Lidar Network in
the framework of the Aerosol, Clouds and Trace Gases Research Infrastructure is presented. The period of 2008–2017 was chosen to analyse all of the events stored in the database under the Forest Fire category for a total of 14 stations available. The data provided ranged from complete datasets (particle backscatter, extinction and linear depolarization ratio profiles)
to single profiles (particle backscatter coefficient profile). Smoke layers
geometry was evaluated and the mean optical properties within each layer
were computed. The back-trajectory technique was used to double-check the source of all pollution layers. The biomass burning layers were identified by taking into account the presence of the fires along the back trajectory. The
biomass burning events are analysed by the means of the intensive
parameters. The analysis was structured in three directions: (I) common
biomass burning source (fire) recorded by at least two stations, (II) long-range transport from North America, and (III) analysis over four geographical regions (south-eastern Europe, north-eastern Europe, central Europe,
and south-western Europe). Based on back-trajectory calculations and fire locations, the lidar measurements can be labelled either as measurements of
a “single fire” or “mixed fires” (case I), measurements of North American fires, or measurements of mixed North American and local fires (case II). The
histogram of the fire locations reveals the smoke sources for each region. For each region, statistics on intensive parameters are performed. The
source origin of the intensive parameters is categorized based on the continental origin of the air mass (European, African, Asian, North American,
or a combination of them). The methodology presented here is meant to
provide a perspective to explore a large number of lidar data and deliver novel approaches to analyse the intensive parameters based on the assigned
biomass burning sources. A thorough consideration of all potential fire sources reveals that most of the time the lidar measurements characterize
the smoke from a mixture of fires. A comprehensive discussion of all the results (based on the intensive parameters and the source locations) will
be given in a companion paper submitted to the ACP EARLINET special issue.
De burgemeester als ‘sheriff’ in de aanpak van ondermijnende misdaad: op weg naar een wettelijke grondslag?
Authors: van der Vorm Benny , van Duyne Petrus C. 
Published: November 2020

The mayor as a sheriff in combating undermining criminality: to a legal basis?
Traditionally, the mayor has an important role as a citizen’s father and as a maintainer of public order. In the context of the so-called ‘undermining’ criminality, the mayor has been increasingly empowered with new legal instruments to combat undermining criminality. Some mayors see themselves as a sheriff. However, in the Dutch Municipal Act, the mayor only has a task of maintaining the public order. How does this task relate to combating undermining criminality? What is the role of the mayor in the combat of undermining criminality? Nowadays, there is no legal basis in the Dutch Municipal Act to equip the mayor with crime-fighting duties. This article proposes to equip the mayor with a legal duty as a crime fighter.
Onisimus turgidus (Sars, 1879) (Amphipoda, Uristidae), an overlooked amphipod from sea anemones in Northern Norway
Authors: Vader Wim , Johnsen Jan Roger , Tandberg Anne Helene S. 
Published: November 2020

Two Norwegian uristid amphipods, obligate associates of sea anemones, have for a long time been confused sub nomine Onisimus normani Sars, 1890. In reality this species only occurs in south Norway, while the north-Norwegian material belongs to O. turgidus (Sars, 1879), described from the Barents Sea and for a long time forgotten. This paper fully illustrates both species, gives a key, and provides data on their distribution and ecology.
Optimal planning of multi‐day invasive species surveillance campaigns
Authors: Yemshanov Denys , Haight Robert G. , MacQuarrie Chris J. K. , Koch Frank H. , Liu Ning , Venette Robert , Ryall Krista 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMulti‐day survey campaigns are critical for timely detection of biological invasions. We propose a new modelling approach that helps allocate survey inspections in a multi‐day campaign aimed at detecting the presence of an invasive organism.We adopt a team orienteering problem to plan daily inspections and use an acceptance sampling approach to find an optimal surveillance strategy for emerald ash borer in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The manager's problem is to select daily routes and determine the optimal number of host trees to inspect with a particular inspection method in each survey location, subject to upper bounds on the survey budget, daily inspection time, and total survey time span.We compare optimal survey strategies computed with two different management objectives. The first problem minimizes the expected number of survey sites (or area) with undetected infestations. The second problem minimizes slippage – the expected number of undetected infested trees in sites that were not surveyed or where the surveys did not find infestation.We also explore the impact of uncertainty about site infestation rates and detection probabilities on the surveillance strategy. Accounting for uncertainty helps address temporal and spatial variation in infestation rates and yields a more robust surveillance strategy. The approach is generalizable and can support delimiting survey programs for biological invasions at various spatial scales.
The spectrum of brain malformations and disruptions in twins
Authors: Park Kaylee B. , Chapman Teresa , Aldinger Kimberly A. , Mirzaa Ghayda M. , Zeiger Jordan , Beck Anita , Glass Ian A. , Hevner Robert F. , Jansen Anna C. , Marshall Desiree A. , Oegema Renske , Parrini Elena , Saneto Russell P. , Curry Cynthia J. , Hall Judith G. , Guerrini Renzo , Leventer Richard J. , Dobyns William B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTwins have an increased risk for congenital malformations and disruptions, including defects in brain morphogenesis. We analyzed data on brain imaging, zygosity, sex, and fetal demise in 56 proband twins and 7 less affected co‐twins with abnormal brain imaging and compared them to population‐based data and to a literature series. We separated our series into malformations of cortical development (MCD,N = 39), cerebellar malformations without MCD (N = 13), and brain disruptions (N = 11). The MCD group included 37/39 (95%) with polymicrogyria (PMG), 8/39 (21%) with pia‐ependymal clefts (schizencephaly), and 15/39 (38%) with periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) including 2 with PNH but not PMG. Cerebellar malformations were found in 19 individuals including 13 with a cerebellar malformation only and another 6 with cerebellar malformation and MCD. The pattern varied from diffuse cerebellar hypoplasia to classic Dandy–Walker malformation. Brain disruptions were seen in 11 individuals with hydranencephaly, porencephaly, or white matter loss without cysts. Our series included an expected statistically significant excess of monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs (22/41 MZ, 54%) compared to population data (482/1448 MZ, 33.3%;p = .0110), and an unexpected statistically significant excess of dizygotic (DZ) twins (19/41, 46%) compared to the literature cohort (1/46 DZ, 2%;p < .0001. Recurrent association with twin–twin transfusion syndrome, intrauterine growth retardation, and other prenatal factors support disruption of vascular perfusion as the most likely unifying cause.
Genetic admixture in Brazil
Authors: Pena Sergio D. J. , Santos Fabrício R. , Tarazona‐Santos Eduardo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe review studies from our laboratories using different molecular tools to characterize the Amerindian, European and African ancestry of Brazilians. Initially we used uniparental DNA markers to investigate the contribution of distinct Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA lineages to present‐day populations. High levels of genetic admixture and strong directional mating between European males and Amerindian and African females were unraveled. We next analyzed different types of biparental autosomal polymorphisms. Especially useful was a set of 40 insertion–deletion polymorphisms (indels) that when studied worldwide proved exquisitely sensitive in discriminating between Amerindians, Europeans and Sub‐Saharan Africans. When applied to the study of Brazilians these markers confirmed extensive genomic admixture. We then studied ancestry differences in different regions by statistically controlling them to eliminate color considerations. The European ancestry was predominant in all regions studied, with proportions ranging from 60.6% in the Northeast to 77.7% in the South. We propose that the immigration of 6 million Europeans to Brazil in the 19th and 20th centuries is in large part responsible for dissipating previous ancestry dissimilarities that reflected region‐specific population histories. Brazilians should be assessed individually, as 210 million human beings, and not as members of specific regions or color groups.
Optically transparent polymer composites: A study on the influence of filler/dopant on electromagnetic interference shielding mechanism
Authors: Ray Bishakha , Parmar Saurabh , Date Kalyani , Datar Suwarna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractComposite materials made of polymers and carbon‐based ferromagnetic filler are attractive for electromagnetic interference shielding through a combination of reflection and microwave absorption. It is possible to enhance their shielding properties by controlling electrical conductivity, dielectric, and magnetic properties. In this work, the aforementioned properties are tailored to achieve optically transparent films with microwave absorbing properties. Nanocarbon materials, namely carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoribbons (GNR) and their ferromagnetic nanocomposites with Fe3O4 and cobalt in PVA‐PEDOT:PSS matrix were made and tested in X‐band. The highest shielding effectiveness for PVA films with nanocarbon filler was observed for 0.5 wt% GNR − Fe3O4 at 16.36 dB (9.7 GHz) with 79.8% transmittance.
Economical conductive graphite‐filled polymer composites via adjustable segregated structures: Construction, low percolation threshold, and positive temperature coefficient effect
Authors: Zhao Lei , Xia Wei , Zhang Peng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe economical graphite‐filled thermoplastic urethane/ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (TPU/UHMWPE) composites with the segregated structure were constructed by the combination of mechanical crushing and melt blending method. The low percolation threshold of 1.89 wt% graphite in the adjustable segregated composites was obtained and high electrical conductivity was about 10−1 S m−1 at 10 wt% graphite loadings owing to the formation of three‐dimensional conductive networks. Moreover, when the graphite loadings were over the percolation threshold, the remarkable positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect of electrical resistivity for TPU/UHMWPE‐Graphite composites were achieved, originating from the combined thermal motion of TPU and UHMWPE. Meanwhile, the outstanding repeatability of PTC effects was obtained after 5‐time cycles. Therefore, economical conductive polymer composites were still the promising field in the practical application of PTC materials.
Domesticating olfaction: Dog breeds, including scent hounds, have reduced cribriform plate morphology relative to wolves
Authors: Bird Deborah J. , Jacquemetton Christiane , Buelow Sophie A. , Evans Andrew W. , Van Valkenburgh Blaire 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe domestic dog is assumed by nearly everyone to be the consummate smeller. Within the species Canis familiaris individual breeds, such as the bloodhound or beagle, are known as olfactory stars. These are “scent breeds,” a grouping variably defined as a genetic clade or breed class commonly used for scent detection tasks. Previous work suggests that the dog has a more robust olfactory anatomy than many mammal species. Now we undertake a closer investigation of the dog's olfactory system, both in relationship to its closest wild relatives, the wolf and coyote, and across individual breeds. First, we seek to resolve whether the dog has lost olfactory capacity through its domestication from the wolf lineage. Second, we test the inertial lore that among dogs, “scent breeds,” have a superior olfactory facility. As a measure of relative olfactory capacity, we look to the cribriform plate (CP), a bony cup in the posterior nasal cavity perforated by passageways for all olfactory nerve bundles streaming from the periphery to the brain. Using high‐resolution computed tomography (CT) scans and digital quantification, we compare relative CP size in 46 dog breeds, the coyote and gray wolf. Results show the dog has a reduced CP surface area relative to the wolf and coyote. Moreover, we found no significant differences between CP size of “scent” and “non‐scent” breeds. Our study suggests that the dog lost olfactory capacity as a result of domestication and this loss was not recovered in particular breed groupings through directed artificial selection for increased olfactory facility.
Vibrational Spectra and Molecular Vibrational Behaviors of All‐Carboatomic Rings, cyclo[18]carbon and Its Analogues
Authors: Liu Zeyu , Lu Tian , Chen Qinxue 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe vibrational spectra of cyclo[18]carbon and its analogues, cyclo[2n]carbon (n=3 to 15), were carefully simulated and characterized. The in‐plane C−C stretching vibrations shows strong rigidity, while out‐of‐plane motions seem to be extremely flexible. The solvation effect can enhance signal strengths of the vibrational spectra, but does not evidently change the shape of the spectral curves. The infrared and Raman spectra of cyclo[2n]carbons are quite sensitive to ring size in the range of n=3 to 7, while the size only modestly affects peak positions and strengths for larger rings. Molecular dynamic trajectories show that the fluctuation period of the skeleton of cyclo[18]carbon is basically constant at different temperatures, and they are all about 300 fs. With increase of simulation temperature, the ring distortion due to thermal motion is notable and becomes much stronger. However, neither ring breaking nor isomerization in cyclo[18]carbon is observed during the simulations untill 298.15 K.